bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ МЕТОДІВ ТЕСТУВАННЯ НЕЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ ПОСЛІДОВНОСТЕЙ ПСЕВДОВИПАДКОВИХ ЧИСЕЛ
Authors: ОДЕГОВ МИКОЛА , ГАДЖИЄВ МАТІН , КАЛІНІНА ТЕТЯНА , ПЕТРОВИЧ ЯННА , АНДРІЙЧЕНКО КИРИЛО
Published: December 2024

Very long sequences of pseudorandom numbers can be used in statistic and simulation modeling tasks. At the same time, there is a need to solve problems of the Big Data class. Solving such problems sometimes requires a slight disregard for accuracy in order to obtain practically acceptable research results in an acceptable time.
Currently, a significant number of systems for testing sequences of pseudo-random numbers (PRN) has been developed for compliance with the rather conventional concept of "randomness", that is, the impossibility of predicting their individual values. However, PRNs are generated using regular algorithms. The paradigm of this work is the requirement to match the empirical distribution functions of PRN with the theoretical distribution functions.
For one-dimensional (marginal) distributions, this problem is solved quite simply. The task of establishing the characteristics of statistical dependence or independence of PRN is more difficult. For a pair of PRNs of length N, the most logical method is the method of complete verification of their independence (CVM). The essence of this method is to establish the deviation of the products of the imperial values of the probabilities from the theoretical ones. This method is reduced to NxN algorithms.
In previous works, the algorithms of the sum criterion method (SCM) were considered, which is reduced to the analysis of the sums of PRN values. At the same time, in the case of statistical independence, the sum distribution will have the form of a convolution of marginal distributions. The order of this algorithm is only N.
In this paper, a comparative analysis of CVM and SCM was performed based on reliability and speed indicators. At the same time, the artificial dependence of PRN was modeled by introducing a certain level of correlation. Comparative analysis showed that both methods are approximately the same in terms of reliability. In terms of speed, the SCM is orders of magnitude (in proportion to N ) more efficient than the CVM one.
Finally, it was concluded that ISS should be preferred for Big Data modeling tasks.
МОНІТОРИНГ РУХУ ОБ’ЄКТІВ ЗАСОБАМИ ГЕОІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: ПОПЕРЕШНЯК СВІТЛАНА , ВЄЧЕРКОВСЬКА АНАСТАСІЯ , ЖИТКЕВИЧ ОЛЕКСАНДЕР , АНТОНЕНКО АРТЕМ
Published: December 2024

One of the parameters that allow you to identify the object of observation are its coordinates. In turn, the quality of identification - the probability of correctly recognizing the objects of observation - directly depends on the accuracy of determining its coordinates. In view of the growth in the number of observation objects and, accordingly, the sources of radio radiation, the density of their location in space increases, which leads to a constant increase in the requirements for the accuracy of the location of determination. This makes the task of developing and improving methods for determining the coordinates of observation objects urgent when creating geo-information systems. The purpose of the research is to create a system for monitoring moving objects based on geoinformation data. During the research and processing of their results, methods of digital and simulation modeling and software emulation of the work of algorithms were used. During the research, the principles of building geoinformation systems were analyzed and areas of their application were identified. The paper analyzes the technologies for determining the coordinates of moving objects for the construction of geoinformation systems. In the work, the methods of determining the coordinates of moving objects were investigated and a comparative analysis of the methods of determining the coordinates of moving objects based on GPS, Wi-Fi and ZigBee technology was carried out. The paper presents the advantages and disadvantages of the specified technologies for determining the coordinates of moving objects in geoinformation systems. As a result, the choice of software for developing a system for monitoring moving objects was justified. In the work, the method of determining the coordinates of moving objects was improved due to the combination of data from various coordinate determination technologies, which made it possible to increase accuracy. The developed software can be used to determine the coordinates of moving objects for the construction of geographic information systems.
АКТУАЛЬНІСТЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІНГРЕДІЄНТІВ НА РОСЛИННІЙ ОСНОВІЗ МЕТОЮ ЗНИЖЕННЯ ВМІСТУ НІТРИТНИХ СПОЛУК У М'ЯСНИХ ПРОДУКТАХ
Authors: СТЕПАНОВА ТЕТЯНА , СТАРИНСЬКИЙ ОЛЕГ
Published: December 2024

В роботі наведено результати досліджень використання рослинних інгредієнтів з метою зниження вмісту нітритних сполук у м’ясній продукції. Проаналізовано роль нітратів та нітритів в технології м'ясних продуктів, досліджено шляхи зниження вмісту нітритних сполук у м’ясній продукції без погіршення показників якості та безпечності готового продукту та доцільності використання водного екстракту листя жимолості як природного консерванту для м’ясних продуктів. Запропоновано використання водного екстракту листя жимолості з антибактеріальною метою.
МОДЕЛЬ ПРОЦЕСУ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ МАЛОПОТУЖНИХ ПРИСТРОЇВ IOT
Authors: ВОЛОЩУК СЕРГІЙ , САВІНОВ ВОЛОДИМИР
Published: December 2024

Темою дослідження є управління енергоспоживанням малопотужних пристроїв інтернету речей. Основна увага приділена методам та алгоритмам, які дозволяють збільшити час автономної роботи пристроїв при збереженні їх оптимальної продуктивності та функціональних якостей. Згадуються останні тенденції в сучасних методах планування електроживлення, такі як персоналізовані енергетичні профілі, контури зворотного зв'язку з користувачем, контекстно-орієнтована адаптація, прогнозування в управлінні електроживленням та покращення перехідних характеристик; які згадуються авторами.
МОРСЬКИЙ БЕЗПІЛОТНИЙ УДАРНИЙ ДРОН-КАТЕР ІЗ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВИМ ПРИШВИДШУВАЧЕМ РУХУ
Authors: АФТАНАЗІВ ІВАН , ШЕВЧУК ЛІЛІЯ , СВІДРАК ІНГА , СТРОГАН ОРИСЯ
Published: December 2024

A description of the design scheme of a marine unmanned attack drone-boat with an ultrasonic accelerator is given. Its increase in speed at the final stage of reaching a target pre-selected by the operator is provided by an ultrasonic generator of high-frequency electromagnetic waves installed in the hull of the drone-boat, the emitters of which are placed on the hull below its waterline to irradiate the water in which the hull moves and disturb its cavitation.
It was found that the use of an ultrasonic generator, which includes a high-frequency pulse generator with an electrical power source, an amplifier with a resonator, and an emitter of ultrasonic high-frequency electromagnetic waves, is optimal for disturbing cavitation in offshore water. The emitters are washed with onboard water and are arranged in a staggered pattern on the boat's hull and bottom below its waterline.
         It has been proven that the disturbance of the cavitation field under the bottom of the moving hull of the boat in offshore water reduces the viscosity of water by 30-40%, thereby reducing the hydrodynamic resistance of water by moving solid bodies in it. It was found that lowering the hydrodynamic resistance of the water on board contributes to increasing the speed of the boat's hull from its cruising speed of 75-80 km/h in the final section of the approach to the target to 95-100 km/h.
It is noted that increasing the boat's speed contributes to a proportional increase in the kinetic energy of its impact on a previously selected target, increasing the degree of damage and destruction caused to the target.
        It is estimated that increasing the speed of the drone-boat by 25-30% guarantees a 25-26% reduction in the duration of its stay in the affected area and, accordingly, proportionally lowers the probability of it being hit by the enemy's automated small arms.
It is recommended to choose the design scheme and structure of powerful typical devices for ultrasonic welding as an ultrasonic generator of ultrasonic pulsating electromagnetic wave radiation. Their cheap parts and assemblies are mass-produced by industrial enterprises.
МЕТОД ВИБОРУ ТЕРМІНАЛЬНОГО ОБЛАДНАННЯ ПАСИВНИХ ОПТИЧНИХ МЕРЕЖ НА ОСНОВІ НЕЧІТКОГО БАГАТОКРИТЕРІАЛЬНОГО ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ
Authors: ПІДЧЕНКО СЕРГІЙ , КУЧЕРУК ОКСАНА , ПИВОВАР ОЛЕГ , ІВАНОВ ОЛЕКСІЙ , ГОРЯЩЕНКО КОСТЯНТИН
Published: December 2024

Currently, optical communication is the dominant technology in cable channels of transport networks, working with powerful homogeneous digital data streams. In particular, the PON (Passive Optical Network) technology is developing dynamically. However, one of the problems holding back PON development is the cost of line and subscriber equipment (Optical line terminal and Optical Network Unit). An urgent task at the moment is the rational choice of equipment when designing optical networks. Most problems in the design of telecommunication networks can be modeled as a multi-criteria decision-making problem, where it is necessary to evaluate several criteria and choose the most acceptable solution option for design engineers according to their preferences and requirements. The article considers the process of selecting an optical line terminal (OLT), which is associated with the evaluation of possible options by a set of indicators.  The purpose of the study: building a model of the optimal choice of optical linear terminals in conditions of unclear information. The ambiguity of human judgments when evaluating the importance of criteria (indicators) and evaluating alternatives based on the criteria creates certain problems for decision-makers. The use of fuzzy logic allows processing inaccurate and uncertain information, providing a more complete and accurate assessment of alternatives and evaluation of the importance of criteria. The article proposes the use of fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making methods (Fuzzy MCDM). The Fuzzy SWARA and Fuzzy TOPSIS methods allow you to present an assessment of criteria and alternatives in a descriptive (linguistic) form, which facilitates the decision-making process. In the course of the research, alternatives and criteria for their evaluation were determined, a survey of experts was conducted, evaluations of the degree of importance of criteria and evaluation of alternatives according to criteria were determined. Based on the Fuzzy SWARA and Fuzzy TOPSIS methods, a fuzzy model for selecting an optical line terminal is built. The ranking of the selected optical linear terminals was obtained and the best one was determined.
ФОРМУВАННЯ АДАПТИВНОГО КОНТЕНТУ В ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ СИСТЕМАХ
Authors: ПАЛАМАРЧУК ЄВГЕН , ЩИРОВ ОЛЕКСАНДР
Published: December 2024

The article explores the issue of adaptive educational content formation in modern electronic learning management systems. The approach analyzed allows for electronic content to adapt to a student's needs and formatting abilities, resulting in an improved learning trajectory and increased efficiency in obtaining final results. To achieve this, an agent-oriented approach using artificial intelligence is proposed to study the characteristics of the student and form individual educational content. The article also describes an approach to forming learning process control systems based on multi-agent technology. The system's decisions are a set of aggregate decisions of intelligent reflex agents that use information decision-making technology in adaptive learning conditions.
An intellectual environment for training students of technical fields was formed with the help of test tasks of an adapted level of difficulty. By using an individual approach to determining the level of difficulty, the efficiency of learning materials was increased, and the level of independent study of students in academic disciplines was improved.
An integrated learning environment was formed and implemented in the training of bachelors and masters in several areas related to information technology. The proposed solutions have shown their viability, and the educational environment formed on their basis has proved to be attractive to students and has a positive impact on the overall efficiency of the process of training technical specialists.
The application of multi-agent and service-oriented approaches in the process of forming the system of educational environment of a technical university ensures the convenience of implementing artificial intelligence methods in the field of e-learning and the development of competence-based technical education.
The peculiarities of forming adaptive content in e-learning systems are the use of an agent-based approach and the development of scenarios and action algorithms for intelligent software agents that work in accordance with the defined learning objectives and the behavior of students during training.
МЕТОД ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО РОЗМІЩЕННЯ СЕНСОРНИХ ВУЗЛІВ НА ОСНОВІ ГЕНЕТИЧНОЇ ЕВОЛЮЦІЇ
Authors: ПИРІГ ЮЛІЯ , ПИРІГ ЯРОСЛАВ
Published: December 2024

Робота присвячена вирішенню задачі оптимального розміщення вузлів у безпровідній сенсорній мережі. Описано причини додавання нових вузлів до існуючої мережі. Вибрано mesh топологію як одну із популярних і ефективних топологій для БСМ. Розроблено метод оптимального розміщення вузлів з урахуванням особливостей mesh топології на основі застосування генетичної еволюції. Представлено блок-схему роботи генетичного алгоритму, основними етапами якого є відбір, мутація та схрещування. Для перевірки працездатності пропонованого рішення щодо визначення оптимального розміщення вузлів у mesh топології створено програмний продукт на мові програмування Python. На основі результатів імітаційного моделювання показано, що застосування генетичної еволюції приводить до стабілізації розміщення вузлів, при цьому збільшення кількості поколінь наближає алгоритм до глобального оптимуму. Найкращий результат розміщення 75 нових вузлів при наявності 25 існуючих отримано при розмірі популяції – 1000, кількості поколінь – 260. Отримані результати продемонстрували швидку конвергенцію на ранніх стадіях, що демонструє здатність алгоритму швидко знаходити якісні рішення.
НЕЛІНІЙНА РЕГРЕСІЙНА МОДЕЛЬ ДЛЯ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ТРИВАЛОСТІ РОЗРОБКИ ЗАСТОСУНКІВ НА МОВІ JAVA ДЛЯ ПЛАТФОРМИ MIDRANGE
Authors: ФАРІОНОВА ТЕТЯНА , ПУХАЛЕВИЧ АНДРІЙ , ВОРОНА МИХАЙЛО
Published: December 2024

Статистичні дані компанії ISBSG показують, що комп’ютерна платформа midrange займає частку ПЗ приблизно 25%. При цьому, в основному, для розробки для цієї платформи використовується мова Java. Застосунки на мові Java для платформи midrange мають такі характеристики як великий розмір, значна кількість компонентів та відзначаються спеціальними вимогами щодо надійності. Тому виконання достовірного оцінювання тривалості розробки таких застосунків – це актуальна задача, вирішення якої матиме науковий та практичний інтерес.
В статті проведено аналіз сучасних моделей, які дозволяють оцінювати тривалість розробки програмних застосунків. Була побудована нелінійна регресійна модель для оцінювання тривалості розробки застосунків на мові Java для платформи midrange в залежності від трудомісткості, шляхом побудови рівнянь нелінійної регресії, границі довірчого інтервалу та границі інтервалу прогнозування. Побудова вказаної моделі дозволила підвищити достовірність отриманих оцінок тривалості розробки застосунків на мові Java для платформи midrange.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ / МОЖЛИВОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ CHAT GPT ДЛЯ СТВОРЕННЯ МЕТАДАНИХ БІБЛІОТЕЧНИХ РЕСУРСІВ
Authors: СОКІЛ МАРІЯ , АНДРУХІВ АНДРІЙ
Published: December 2024

Advanced natural language processing technologies empower the development of intelligent systems capable of analyzing and comprehending text across various domains, including scientific publications, books, and other informational resources. This paper delves into the potential application of the artificial intelligence model ChatGPT within academic libraries, specifically focusing on metadata creation processes for library resources. Given the substantial resource investment required for metadata creation, description, cataloging, and adherence to globally recognized standards, the viability of leveraging modern technologies for such tasks is paramount. ChatGPT offers broad applicability in automating and enhancing the cataloging and description process of diverse documents. Serving as an artificial intelligence-based text generation system, ChatGPT can automatically generate metadata from textual descriptions of resources using sophisticated natural language processing algorithms. This capability streamlines and expedites resource cataloging processes, ultimately assisting library staff and information technology professionals in saving valuable time and effort. Furthermore, this paper discusses the potential of ChatGPT in generating metadata for various material types, ranging from scientific articles to websites and audio-visual recordings, while adhering to standards such as Dublin Core, MARC 21, and UNIMARK. Additionally, the article addresses potential challenges and limitations associated with using the ChatGPT model for metadata generation, including considerations of accuracy and text quality. Overall, this article explores a crucial aspect of applying artificial intelligence in the library field and highlights features and considerations concerning the use of the ChatGPT model for automatic metadata generation in library resources.
THE NON-LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL TO ESTIMATE THE DEVELOPMENT DURATION OF JAVA APPLICATIONS FOR THE MIDRANGE PLATFORM
Authors: FARIONOVA ТETYANA , PUKHALEVYCH ANDRII , VORONA MYKHAІLO
Published: December 2024

Data from the ISBSG company shows that the midrange computer platform occupies a software share of approximately 25%. At the same time, the Java language is mainly used for development on this platform. Java applications for the midrange platform have such characteristics as a large size, a significant set of used components, and special requirements for stability. For this reason, performing a reliable assessment of the duration of the development of such applications is an important task, the solution of which has scientific and practical interest.
Analysis of modern models for the duration estimation of development of software applications was done. The most used models for estimating the duration of software development are COCOMO and ISBSG: nonlinear regression equations for estimating the duration of software development depending on development effort. Only the ISBSG model takes into account the features of the platform for which the software is being created. However, this model does not take into account the programming language used to develop the application.
A non-linear regression model was built for duration estimation of applications development written in Java for the midrange platform depending on effort, by creating non-linear regression equation, bounds of the confidence interval and of the prediction interval. The specified model was built using statistical data of the ISBSG repository from 129 projects and the appropriate method based on normalizing transformations. This method was used because empirical data on the duration and effort of software development have a distribution law that differs from the Normal distribution. The data normalization required by this method is done using a decimal logarithm. In the process of examining the data for outliers, 29 of the 129 applications were removed. Better values for the characteristics of the coefficient of determination, MMRE and the percentage of prediction PRED(0.25) were obtained for created model compared to the ISBSG model. The construction of the specified model made it possible to improve the reliability of the obtained duration estimates of the applications development written in Java for the midrange platform.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КОНТАКТНОГО ТИСКУ В ЦИЛІНДРИЧНІЙ НАПРЯМНІЙ КОВЗАННЯ З ПЕРЕКОСОМ ОСЕЙ
Authors: ВИЧАВКА АНАТОЛІЙ , ДИХА ОЛЕКСАНДР
Published: December 2024

Визначений вплив розмірів напрямної і кута перекосу на величину максимальних контактних тисків у циліндричній напрямній ковзання. Представлена розрахункова схема контакту з перекосом циліндричної напрямної. Для вирішення контактної задачі використовується наступна система вихідних рівнянь: умова рівноваги в контакті, умова суцільності в контакті, геометрична умова і залежність для контактного тиску. В результаті розв’язку системи отримаємо  інтегральне рівняння для кута контакту і контактного тиску в будь-якому перерізі напрямної. Інтеграл у загальному рішенні зводиться до елементарних функцій із результатами наведеними в таблиці. Для функції переміщень у вигляді трапеції при заданому куті перекосу та довжині лінії контакту наведені графіки  визначення переміщень в контакті і відповідно контактного тиску.
A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLEMENTING REMOTE AND ROBOTIC CONTROL SYSTEMS IN EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT TO IMPROVE TECHNO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS IN OPEN-PIT MINING
Authors: PILYUGIN VITALY , KUKHAR VOLODYMYR , HRYHORIEV YULIAN , HRYHORIEV IHOR , LUTSENKO SERHII , FESENKO EDUARD
Published: December 2024

This article discusses key aspects of the efficiency of remote and robotic control systems in mining equipment management, aiming to enhance the techno-economic performance of open-pit mining operations. Costs associated with maintaining suitable (comfortable) working conditions include the use and maintenance of climate control systems (air conditioners, heaters), air purification systems, specialized sealed cabins, and similar measures. Working in poor conditions also increases worker illness rates, leading to higher healthcare costs.
Objective: The article investigates how implementing remote and robotic control systems can improve productivity, reduce downtime, and minimize health risks to operators in deep and hazardous mining conditions.
Methods: The study analyzes case studies and applies statistical methods to quantify the impact of automation on productivity, including assessments of machine speed, downtime reduction, and fuel efficiency. Comparisons between manual and automated operations provide insights into system advantages and areas for potential improvement.
Results: Results show that remote and robotic control systems enhance productivity by 10-40%, depending on route conditions and automation level. The study reveals that the adoption of remote and robotic control systems in mining operations significantly improves productivity and reduces operational costs. Productivity gains reach up to 10-15% on straight transport routes, while optimal conditions with minimal inclines (below 0.3) allow increases of up to 35-40%. Fuel use decreases by approximately 3-5%, driven by optimized load distribution and route planning. Equipment downtime is reduced by up to 20% through minimized idle periods during shift changes. Ore quality is enhanced, with fluctuations in magnetic iron content reduced by 1-3%, leading to improved beneficiation efficiency.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KETEBALAN PERKERASAN LENTUR ANTARA DESAIN RENCANA DENGAN PERENCANAAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MDP 2017 DAN METODE BINA MARGA PT T-01-2002-B. (STUDI KASUS: RUAS JALAN GUBERNUR SYARKAWI (STA 24+500 SD. STA 27+000).
Authors: Lestari Utami Sylvia , Darmansyah Tjitradi  , Fauzi Rahman  , Mona
Published: December 2024

Penelitian dilakukan pada Jalan Gubernur Syarkawie (Sp. Handil Bakti (Sp. Serapat)-Km. (By Pass Banjarmasin)) tepatnya pada STA 24+500 sd. STA 27+000 yang terletak di dekat bundaran Liang Anggang KM. 17. Panjang jalan yang direncanakan adalah 2500 m. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis perbandingan ketebalan perkerasan lentur antara desain rencana dengan perencanaan menggunakan Metode MDP 2017 dan Metode Bina Marga Pt T-01-2002-B. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa Metode MDP 2017 menggunakan lapis perkerasan AC–WC, AC–BC, AC-Base dan Lapis Penopang (Base course, sedangkan metode Bina Marga Pt T 01-2002-B menggunakan lapis perkerasan AC–WC, AC–BC dan AC-Base tanpa Lapis Penopang (Base course). Kedua metode tersebut menggunakan Lapis Pondasi Atas berupa Lapis Pondasi Agregat Kelas A. Perbedaan signifikan terletak pada lapis pondasi dasar sebagai perbaikan tanah bawah. Metode MDP 2017 serta Gambar Rencana menggunakan lapis penopang dengan memakai lapisan geotextile, sebaliknya metode Pt T 01- 2002- B menggunakan Lapis Pondasi Agregat Kelas B.
PENGARUH PERBAIKAN WAKTU HAMBATAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS ALAT GALI MUAT DAN ALAT ANGKUT
Authors: Muhammad Arsyad  , Rahma Norfaeda  , Dessy Lestari Saptarini  , Muhammad Amril Asy'ari
Published: December 2024

Perbaikan waktu hambatan dapat dilakukan dengan menghilangkan waktu hambatan yang dapat dihindari baik dari factor manusia, alat maupun lingkungan seminimal mungkin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan pendekatan studi literatur, pengamatan di lapangan untuk mengetahui waktu siklus alat gali muat dan alat angkut, bucket fill factor, dan waktu hambatan dari alat gali muat maupun alat angkut. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data diperoleh waktu siklus rata – rata aktual dari alat gali muat selama 27,85 detik dan alat angkut selama 1208,4 detik. Produktivitas aktual sebelum perbaikan waktu perbaikan dari alat gali muat sebesar 275,68 BCM / Jam, sedangkan untuk alat angkut sebesar 84, 47 BCM / Jam. Faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas dari alat gali muat antara lain waktu siklus yang melebihi standar parameter, tinggi jenjang front loading belum optimal, dan kondisi alat mengalami breakdown. Sedangkan alat angkut dipengaruhi kondisi permukaan jalan yang undulating, kemampuan operator, dan kondisi alat lebih sering standby. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan waktu hambatan dengan mengurangi waktu hambatan yang dapat dihindari didapat nilai produktivitas alat gali muat sebesar 416,75 BCM / Jam, sedangkan untuk alat angkut sebesar 124,06 BCM/jam. Dengan demikian ketercapaian target produktivitas alat gali muat meningkat sebesar 25% dan alat angkut sebesar 35 %.
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN LALU LINTAS KINERJA SIMPANG BERSINYAL BERDASARKAN PKJI 2014 (STUDI KASUS JL. CIPUTAT RAYA, PONDON PINANG)
Authors: Dayan Aditya  , Adita Utami
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang manajemen lalu lintas jalan simpang bersinyal yang berlokasi di Jl. Ciputat Raya, Pondok Pinang. Persimpangan ini berada di daerah komersil dengan arus lalu lintas yang tinggi, sehingga menimbulkan antrean kendaraan dan kemacetan pada jam sibuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui besar kinerja simpang bersinyal serta memberikan solusi alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan Pedoman Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (PKJI) 2014. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan, untuk kinerja simpang eksisting bahwa tingkat pelayanan simpang berada dalam golongan F (Buruk Sekali) ditandai tundaan simpang rata-rata sebesar 433,82 det/skr dan derajat kejenuhan pada masing-masing lengan simpang untuk arah Bintaro, Pondok Indah, dan Lebak Bulus sebesar 1,95 dan untuk arah Kebayoran sebesar 1,89. Namun, setelah dilakukan peningkatan kinerja simpang berupa perencanaan underpass, nilai derajat kejenuhan mengalami penurunan yang signifikan yaitu untuk arah Bintaro sebesar 0,35, arah Kebayoran sebesar 0,20, arah Pondok Indah sebesar 0,47, dan arah Lebak Bulus sebesar 0,23 dan tingkat pelayanan simpang menjadi B (Baik)
PENGGUNAAN AGREGAT DARI DESA DOAN ARUNG KECAMATAN TANAH SIANG KABUPATEN MURUNG RAYA SEBAGAI CAMPURAN HRS-BASE
Authors: Suwendi  , Robby  , Supiyan
Published: December 2024

Jalan adalah akses atau prasarana transportasi yang sangat penting bagi umat manusia, karena dapat mendukung laju perkembangan suatu pembangunan dalam transportasi, dengan demikian pembangunan jalan wajib memperhatikan kualitas pekerjaannya, terutama pada pekerjaan perkerasan jalan. Penggunaan agregat kasar serta abu batu berasal desa Doan Arung serta penggunaan pasir sungai Barito berasal kota Puruk Cahu menjadi gabungan Hot Rolled Sheet-Base (HRS-BASE). Observasi dilakukan dengan mengambil material agregat kasar serta abu batu berasal dari desa Doan Arung serta penggunaan pasir sungai Barito berasal kota Puruk Cahu. Ini adalah satu diantara usaha pertumbuhan SDA di provinsi Kalimantan Tengah, khususnya di kabupaten Murung Raya. Melalui pengujian laboratorium, nilai Parameter Karakteristik Marshall yang dihasilkan, kemudian dianalisis komposisinya untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan agregat kasar dan abu batu dari desa Doan Arung dan pasir sungai Barito dari kota Puruk Cahu memenuhi spesifikasi, KAO sebanyak 7,10%, Stabilitas 930,411kg,flow sebanyak3,18 mm , Rongga pada Campuran (VIM) sebanyak 3,86%, Rongga dalam Agregat (VMA) sebesar 19,476%, Rongga Terisi Aspal (VFB) sebanyak 80,19%, dan perolehan terhadap Marshall sebanyak 292,459 kg/mm.
ДОЗВУКОВЫЕ ВИБРОТРАНСПОРТНЫЕ РЕШЕНИЯ ВОЛНОВОГО УРАВНЕНИЯ В ПРОСТРАНСТВАХ РАЗМЕРНОСТИ N=1,2,3
Authors: Алексеева Л.А.
Published: December 2024

Исследуется воздействие  вибротранспортных источников излучения волн в средах, которые связаны с движущимися обьектами, скорость движения которых может быть дозвуковой, звуковой, сверхзвуковой, а в средах с несколькими звуковыми скоростями (упругие, например) еще и трансзвуковой. Здесь строятся фундаментальные и регулярные вибротранспортные решения волнового уравнения при дозвуковых скоростях движения источника возмущений в пространствах физической размерности (N=1,2,3). Построены функции Грина, которые описывают динамику среды при движении сосредоточенного в точке источника, который движется с постоянной скоростью и вибрирует с постоянной частотой. На его основе построены общие решения вибротранспортного уравнения при действии как распределенных в пространстве движущихся виброисточников, так и сосредоточенных на движущихся поверхностях и линиях. Дано математическое описание эффекта Доплера с графической иллюстрацией.
Построенные решения позволяют строить решения многих уравнений механики сплошных сред для такого типа движущихся источников возмущений в средах и найдут обширные применения при решении различных инженерно-технических задач
ҚАЗАҚ ТІЛІНДЕГІ ДЕСТРУКТИВТІ ВЕБ-КОНТЕНТТІ АНЫҚТАУ ҮШІН МАШИНАЛЫҚ ОҚЫТУ ӘДІСТЕРІН ҚОЛДАНУ
Authors: Болатбек М. , Сағынай М. , Мусиралиева Ш.
Published: December 2024

Мақалада интернет желісіндегі деструктивті хабарламаларды анықтау және оларды талдау мәселелері жан-жақты қарастырылады. Авторларагрессивті мазмұндағы мәтіндік деректерді автоматтандырылған түрде жинау және таңбалау үшін тиімді алгоритмдер ұсынады. Бұл кешенді тәсіл деректерді жинау, өңдеу және мақсатты деректер жиынтығын құру арқылы модельдерді теңгерімді түрде оқытуға бағытталған. Зерттеу барысында ұсынылған алгоритмдердің F-өлшем бойынша жоғары дәлдікке қол жеткізгені және мақсатты класс теңгерімсіздігін шешуде тиімділігі дәлелденген. Деструктивті хабарламалар бес негізгі класқа бөлініп талданады: буллинг, расизм, нацизм, зорлық-зомбылық экстремизмі. Бұл мазмұндыәртүрлі әлеуметтік желілерден (YouTube, ВКонтакте, Telegram) жинаудың маңыздылығы зерттеуде нақты атап көрсетілген. Мұндай ақпараттың қоғамғажәне ұлттық қауіпсіздікке тигізетін кері әсерін азайту үшін уақытылы анықтау қажеттілігі баса айтылады. Авторлар интернеттің экстремистік және террористік топтар үшін идеология тарату, қауіпті әрекеттерді ұйымдастыру құралына айналғанын атап өтіп, мұндай мазмұнмен күресу жолдарын талдайды.Мақалада агрессивті ақпараттың таралу динамикасын түсінудің және оны зерттеудің маңыздылығына ерекше назар аударылады. Қазақ тілінде ашық көздерден алынған деректерді талдауға арналған корпус құрудың өзектілігі негізделген. Әлеуметтік желілер мен мәліметтер жинау қауіпсіздік шараларын күшейтуге, экстремизмге қарсы күресті жетілдіруге және ақпараттық кеңістікті қорғауға бағытталған тиімді қадам ретінде ұсынылады. Авторлар жаһандық желідегі агрессивті ақпаратты тиімді анықтау үшін деректерді өңдеудің заманауи тәсілдерін қолданудың маңыздылығын атап өтеді. Бұл зерттеу агрессивті мазмұнның таралуын алдын алуға, ұлттық қауіпсіздікті нығайтуға және ақпараттық кеңістікті қорғауға бағытталған тиімді құралдарды ұсынады. Зерттеудің нәтижелері аналитикалық және қауіпсіздік шараларын жетілдіру үшін маңызды деп танылады.
Bildung 5.0 – Die Zukunft des Lehrens und Lernens neu (er)finden?
Authors: Brandl Werner
Published: December 2024

Während hierzulande aktuell ein Bedeutungsverlust der Erziehungswissenschaft als Disziplin (H.-E. Tenorth) beklagt wird, ist insbesondere in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern ein geradezu inspirierender Diskurs zur Theorie und Implementation einer Bildung 5.0 zu konstatieren. Eine Spurensuche als narrative Review!
Kitchens and Cuisines: Interkulturelles Lernen in der Berufsbildung
Authors: Leitner Gabriela B. , Purgaj Jure
Published: December 2024

Das fachbereichsübergreifende Projekt nutzt die unterschiedliche Bedeutung des deutschen Begriffs „Küche“ zur Förderung von fachlichen, fachdidaktischen und überfachlichen Kompetenzen. Durch die Aufgabenstellungen der beteiligten Fachbereiche „Ernährung“ und „Mode und Design“ werden innerhalb der jeweils eigenen Disziplin Lernprodukte erarbeitet, die der anderen Disziplin zur Transformation zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Als Zielprodukt wird ein kommentiertes Wallpaper erstellt.
Hobbes, the State of Nature and the Human Predicament
Authors: Boucher David
Published: December 2024

The triadic conception of the history of political thought, presented by Michael Oakeshott in his edition of Leviathan, is a useful heuristic framework through which to explore the idea of Hobbes’s state of nature. Hobbes’s position comes into sharp relief when examined through the criticisms of representatives from two traditions opposed to that to which Hobbes belongs. By examining the critiques by Pufendorf and Rousseau, representatives of the two alternative traditions, we are better able to appreciate the character of Hobbes’s portrayal of the human predicament. Hobbes, as an exemplar of the tradition of ‘Will and Artifice’ draws heavily upon his first publication, the translation of Thucydides’ The History of the Grecian War, which had a strong bearing on how Hobbes perceived the natural condition of humankind, and is indicative of the representation of human nature projected by the tradition of ‘Will and Artifice’.
Die Rückkehr des Mythos. Verschwörungsmythen und die Mythenlehre Georges Sorels
Authors: Dreher Marc
Published: December 2024

Verschwörungsmythen erleben in krisenhaften Zeiten Hochkonjunktur und sind spätestens seit der Coronapandemie ein nicht zu vernachlässigender Bestandteil des politischen Diskurses. In diesem Beitrag wird der Versuch unternommen, mit einem fast schon vergessenen Klassiker der Politischen Theorie des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts – Georges Sorel (1847–1922) – das Phänomen des Verschwörungsmythos in seiner Wirkkraft und Funktionsweise besser zu verstehen. Anhand von Sorels Konzeption eines gesellschaftlichen Mythos, den er in seinem 1908 erschienen Hauptwerk Über die Gewalt darlegte, werden vier konstituierende strukturelle Merkmale herausgearbeitet, welche auch heute noch zu einem besseren Verständnis der Wirkkraft und Funktionsweise von Verschwörungsmythen im aktuellen politischen Diskurs beitragen. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird dabei dem Aspekt der Gewalt zuteil, welcher nicht nur bei Sorel im Mittelpunkt seines Werkes stand, sondern mit dem Glauben an Verschwörungsmythen immer häufiger einhergeht und eine wachsende Gefahr für demokratische Gesellschaften der Gegenwart darstellt.
Wohin mit Kants politischer Philosophie?
Authors: Niesen Peter
Published: December 2024

Die Beschäftigung mit Kants politischer Philosophie findet heute in nie gekannter Intensität und Qualität statt, folgt jedoch meist dem Aufbau der Rechtslehre und sieht sich daher gezwungen, ungedeckte Anleihen bei seiner Moralphilosophie aufzunehmen. Der Beitrag schlägt vor, die Rechtslehre stattdessen von hinten nach vorne zu lesen, mit dem Weltbürgerrecht einzusteigen und die Unterscheidung zwischen provisorischer und peremtorischer Rechtsgeltung ernst zu nehmen. Daraus ergibt sich eine interpretative Strategie, die ein neues Licht auf die jüngeren Auseinandersetzungen zu Kants Versuch, eine quasi-naturwissenschaftliche ‚Rassenlehre‘ zu entwickeln und auf die Voraussetzungen rechtlicher Personalität werfen kann.
Demographics, comorbidities, and comedications in newly diagnosed patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: Findings from United States Medicare claims data
Authors: Schroeder Krista M , Afonso Ana Sofia , Wang Huabo , Grace Sarah , Phipps Adam , Sims John R
Published: December 2024

Background

Medicare claims data enables broad characterization of United States (US) patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Resulting insights can be used as a reference to describe this population and as a benchmark for generalizability of patients with ADRD enrolled in clinical trials.

Objective

To characterize demographics, comorbidities, comedications, and healthcare resource utilization in US patients with newly diagnosed ADRD, focusing on differences across Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) and Medicare Advantage enrollees.

Methods

This observational cohort study used complete (100%) Medicare claims data inclusive of both FFS and Medicare Advantage insurance types. Study patients were ≥65-years-old with ≥12 months of continuous pre-index enrollment and Medicare Part D coverage. Two cohorts of patients were selected in calendar year 2019; those newly diagnosed with ADRD and those with a new acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) claim.

Results

The newly diagnosed ADRD and new AChEI users cohorts included 861,727 and 395,319 patients, respectively. Demographics and comedications were generally similar across the two cohorts, supporting internal validity of the study results. Circulatory system-related comorbidities and mood disorders were common in both cohorts. Differences in race, inpatient claims and long-term care claims were observed between insurance types.

Conclusions

The study results provide a reference for describing the ADRD population in the US and emphasize the importance of evaluating new Alzheimer's disease drugs in broad patient populations with comorbidities and concomitant medication use.
Brexpiprazole for the treatment of agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: A 12-week, active-treatment, extension trial
Authors: Behl Saloni , Slomkowski Mary , Chen Dalei , Chang Denise , Hefting Nanco , Lee Daniel , Shah Alpesh , Estilo Alvin , Kalu Uwa , Hobart Mary
Published: December 2024

Background

A 12-week randomized controlled trial demonstrated that brexpiprazole is efficacious for treating agitation in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease.

Objective

To assess the long-term safety and tolerability of brexpiprazole for the treatment of agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease.

Methods

This 12-week, active-treatment (oral brexpiprazole 2 or 3 mg/day) extension trial ran from October 2018–September 2022 at 66 sites in Europe/US. Patients with agitation in dementia due to Alzheimer's disease in a care facility/community-based setting who completed the randomized trial were eligible (N = 259 enrolled/analyzed for safety; 88.4% completed). Stable Alzheimer's disease medications were permitted. The primary safety endpoint was the frequency and severity of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Change in Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) total score was an exploratory efficacy endpoint.

Results

Mean (SD) age was 74.3 (7.6) years, 145 patients (56.0%) were female, and 248 (95.8%) were White. TEAEs were reported by 67 patients (25.9%), most commonly headache (3.5%) and fall (2.3%). Most TEAEs were mild or moderate in severity; 5 patients (1.9%) reported a severe TEAE, including 3 severe falls attributed to tripping, misjudging sitting, or dehydration. Twelve patients (4.6%) discontinued due to TEAEs. No patients died. Mean CMAI total score improved by 9.1 points over 12 weeks.

Conclusions

Considering the randomized and extension trials together, brexpiprazole 2 or 3 mg was generally well tolerated for up to 24 weeks in elderly patients with agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. Patients showed continued improvement in agitation.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier

NCT03594123 (registration date: July 11, 2018).
Changes in plasma biomarkers differentiate clinical stages of Alzheimer's disease using immunomagnetic reduction assays
Authors: Chao Shu-Ping , Lin Wei-Che , Lu Cheng-Hsien , Wu Hsiu-Chuan , Liu Hsing-Cheng , Hu Chaur-Jong
Published: December 2024

Background

Many groups have been using immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) for assaying plasma amyloid-β 1-40 (Aβ1-40) peptide, Aβ1-42 peptide and total tau protein (T-Tau) in cognitively normal controls (NC), patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD). Tremendous results have been independently reported.

Objective

We used traditional knowledge databases (e.g., PubMed, Embase), papers published at international conferences, and private communications to obtain data involving the use of IMR assay for plasma biomarkers of plasma Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, and T-Tau in NC, aMCI, and ADD.

Methods

Results of thirty studies were analyzed, including twenty-five studies published in papers, two studies presented at conferences and three unpublished studies.

Results

Among the thirty studies, there were 1189 subjects of NC, 544 aMCI patients and 853 ADD patients. The average value of plasma Aβ1-40 in subjects significantly decreased from NC (59.72 pg/ml) to aMCI (45.92 pg/ml, p < 0.0001), which was no significant different from ADD (48.34 pg/ml, p > 0.05). The average level of plasma Aβ1-42 significantly increased from NC (15.72 pg/ml) to aMCI (17.66 pg/ml, p < 0.0001), which was not significantly different from ADD (19.39 pg/ml, p > 0.05). However, the average level of plasma T-Tau significantly increased from NC (17.92 pg/ml) to aMCI (28.26 pg/ml, p < 0.0001), further significantly increased to AD (35.51 pg/ml, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Plasma Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, and T-Tau levels are able to discriminate NC from patients with aMCI and ADD. Plasma T-Tau levels are disease-severity dependent.
The Effectiveness of using the Kitab Muhawarah in Enhancing Arabic Speaking Proficiency in Malaysia
Authors: Muhamad Solehudin  , Nurhanifansyah Nurhanifansyah , Syaheed Kholid
Published: December 2024

This study explores the effectiveness of Kitab Muhawarah in enhancing maharah kalam (speaking proficiency) among Arabic language learners in Malaysia, addressing the existing challenges in Arabic education, particularly the need for more resources focused on conversational skills. The research aims to assess how Kitab Muhawarah, a textbook emphasizing practical dialogues, contributes to students' ability to speak Arabic fluently and confidently. The study utilized a qualitative approach, gathering data through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. A sample of 60 students from Maktab Mahmud Yan participated in the study over three months, during which their progress in speaking proficiency was monitored. The findings reveal significant improvements in students' speaking confidence, fluency, and the application of Arabic vocabulary in real-life contexts. This research highlights the importance of incorporating dialogue-based learning into Arabic language instruction, presenting Kitab Muhawarah as a valuable tool for bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical use.
Time Is on My Side: Scene Graph Filtering for Dynamic Environment Perception in an LLM-Driven Robot
Authors: Colombani Simone , Brini Luca , Ognibene Dimitri , Boccignone Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

Robots are increasingly being used in dynamic environments like workplaces, hospitals, and homes. As a result, interactions with robots must be simple and intuitive, with robots’ perception adapting efficiently to human-induced changes.

This paper presents a robot control architecture that addresses key challenges in human-robot interaction, with a particular focus on the dynamic creation and continuous update of the robot’s state representation. The architecture uses Large Language Models to integrate diverse information sources, including natural language commands, robotic skills representation, real-time dynamic semantic mapping of the perceived scene. This enables flexible and adaptive robotic behavior in complex, dynamic environments.

Traditional robotic systems often rely on static, pre-programmed instructions and settings, limiting their adaptability to dynamic environments and real-time collaboration. In contrast, this architecture uses LLMs to interpret complex, high-level instructions and generate actionable plans that enhance human-robot collaboration.

At its core, the system’s Perception Module generates and continuously updates a semantic scene graph using RGB-D sensor data, providing a detailed and structured representation of the environment. A particle filter is employed to ensure accurate object localization in dynamic, real-world settings.

The Planner Module leverages this up-to-date semantic map to break down high-level tasks into sub-tasks and link them to robotic skills such as navigation, object manipulation (e.g., PICK and PLACE), and movement (e.g., GOTO).

By combining real-time perception, state tracking, and LLM-driven communication and task planning, the architecture enhances adaptability, task efficiency, and human-robot collaboration in dynamic environments.
Fantastic Biases (What are They) and Where to Find Them
Authors: Barriere Valentin
Published: December 2024

Deep Learning models tend to learn correlations of patterns on huge datasets. The bigger these systems are, the more complex are the phenomena they can detect, and the more data they need for this. The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly ubiquitous in our society, and its impact is growing everyday. The promises it holds strongly depend on their fair and universal use, such as access to information or education for all. In a world of inequalities, they can help to reach the most disadvantaged areas. However, such a universal systems must be able to represent society, without benefiting some at the expense of others. We must not reproduce the inequalities observed throughout the world, but educate these IAs to go beyond them. We have seen cases where these systems use gender, race, or even class information in ways that are not appropriate for resolving their tasks. Instead of real causal reasoning, they rely on spurious correlations, which is what we usually call a bias. In this paper, we first attempt to define what is a bias in general terms. It helps us to demystify the concept of bias, to understand why we can find them everywhere and why they are sometimes useful. Second, we focus over the notion of what is generally seen as negative bias, the one we want to avoid in machine learning, before presenting a general zoology containing the most common of these biases. We finally conclude by looking at classical methods to detect them, by means of specially crafted datasets of templates and specific algorithms, and also classical methods to mitigate them.1