bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of inernational institutions of destination countries in the formation of Moldovan diaspora in the European Union
Authors: Mosneaga Gheorghe
Published: October 2024

The following article analyzes the involvement of international organizations and EU states in the consolidation and development of the Moldovan diaspora in the European Union; the article also investigates the primary forms and mechanisms of stimulating these processes. The main international institutions participating in the implementation of programs and projects are the UN, the International Labor Organization, the International Organization for Migration, the OSCE, the ICMPD, and others. On a regional level Moldova is the participant of many specialized organizations and platforms in the field of migration: Eastern Partnership, FRONEX, EUBAM, Mobility Partnership, the Prague Process, the Budapest Process, the Söderköping Process, and others. Among the donors that provide Moldova with financial aid in the field of migration and diaspora are many EU states, the USA, and several other countries. The Moldovan government regulates the institutional framework and the mechanism of coordination of external aid provided by the international organizations and donor-countries. Moldova receives different kinds of financial, legal, and logistical aid from the EU for the regulation of migration, integration of migrants in the EU. The article lists European conventions that influenced the development of Moldovan policy in the field of migration and diaspora. Diasporas are viewed as agents of change. European institutions begin to focus in their policies on diasporas only starting with 2011. The EU insists on close collaboration between the diasporas and the countries of origin, considering that migrant integration is more effective by way of diasporas. It is necessary for civil society institutions to participate in the process of integration. Moldova adopts the positive practices of diaspora attraction, its support for the country’s sustainable development. Practice shows that it is necessary to make agreements not only in the field of labor migration and social protection, but also in the field of labor migrants’ legal protection. The increasing role of the diaspora is tied to the deepening collaboration with the civil society of the destination countries, the participation of labor migrants in the destination countries’ political life. It is important for every level of administration participate in the development and implementation of strategies for migrant integration.
The standard of a tribunal established by law. The issue of temporary transfer of judges to the Supreme Court of Justice
Authors: Milicenco Stefan
Published: October 2024

The object of this study is the issue of temporary transfer of judges to the Supreme Court of Justice in the light of the standard of a tribunal established by law, established by Article 6(1) of the European Convention on Human Rights. The stated purpose of regulating the temporary transfer of judges to the Supreme Court of Justice is to ensure the proper functioning of the supreme court in the event of the resignation of most judges from that court. The importance of this issue lies in the fact that although in 2023, the legislative remedy in question passed the constitutionality test, in 2016, the Constitutional Court made a distinction between judges of courts and courts of appeal, on the one hand, and judges of the Supreme Court of Justice, on the other. Given that part of the legal community considered that this distinction was also applicable to the 2023 case, and that the courts must inspire public confidence, an investigation of the subject matter is required.
Restoring Lost Moral Values in Africa: The Tanzanian Context
Authors: Twamba Josephat Cornelius , Marandu Hipoliti , Mushobozi Felix
Published: October 2024

The erosion of traditional moral values in Africa, particularly in Tanzania, has become a pressing concern in contemporary society. Practices such as hospitality, chastity before marriage, and respect for the elderly are increasingly overshadowed by rampant issues including abuse of political power, human rights violations, corruption, and substance abuse. The rise of social maladies such as pedophilia, divorce, rape, homosexuality, and abortion further signals a profound moral decline that poses challenges to familial cohesion and societal stability.
This article explores the historical context of these moral values, examines their decline within the Tanzanian context, and advocates for a multifaceted approach to moral restoration. By engaging community professionals, leaders, fostering educational initiatives, and promoting impressive traditional practices, the restoration of moral values can contribute to societal healing and progress. Recognizing the complexities of these issues is essential for developing effective strategies that honor both cultural heritage and contemporary human rights.
Evaluation of Serum Ferritin, Iron and C-Reactive Protein Level in Children with Febrile Seizure in Wasit Province, Iraq
Authors: Al-Janabi Waleed Abdulkhaleq Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Background: Febrile seizures are a commonplace pediatric neurological sickness, often related to fever and infections. Recent research suggest a capability hyperlink among iron deficiency, inflammation, and the prevalence of febrile seizures, but the relationship remains underexplored in particular populations. This study aimed to assess the affiliation between serum iron, ferritin levels, and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP] and white blood cell [WBC] remember) in youngsters with febrile seizures in comparison to healthful controls.Methods: A case-manage study become performed involving a hundred youngsters aged 6 months to 6 years, with 50 kids who skilled febrile seizures (patient institution) and 40 age-matched healthful controls. Serum ferritin, iron, CRP degrees, and WBC counts had been measured and compared between the 2 groups. The data have been analyzed the usage of impartial t-assessments, Pearson correlation, and multivariate logistic regression.Results: Children within the febrile seizure institution had extensively decrease serum ferritin (40.5 ± 30.2 ng/mL) and iron levels (40.8 ± 15.3 μg/dL) as compared to controls (85.7 ± 20.4 ng/mL and 75.4 ± 18.7 μg/dL, respectively; p < 0.001). CRP ranges and WBC counts had been notably better within the affected person organization (25.6 ± 48 mg/L and 18,400 ± 5,200 cells/μL, respectively) compared to controls (2.3 ± 1.1 mg/L and 7,200 ± 1,800 cells/μL; p < 0.001). A robust bad correlation was observed among CRP ranges with each serum ferritin (r = -0.462) and serum iron (r = -0.625). Multivariate logistic regression identified lower serum iron and ferritin stages, and better CRP and WBC counts as good sized unbiased predictors of febrile seizures.Conclusion: The findings advise that iron deficiency and accelerated inflammatory markers are tremendous chance factors for febrile seizures in kids. These effects highlight the importance of monitoring iron repute and managing inflammation in pediatric sufferers prone to febrile seizures.
A Comparative Analysis of Recent Tests for Multivariate Normality
Authors: Chukwudozie Chukwuebuka Emmanuel , Umeh Edith Uzoma
Published: October 2024

The comparison of several powerful tests for multinormality is appropriate in order to know the test(s) to use under different alternatives to multivariate normality. The aim of this work is to compare the power of some notable powerful multivariate normality tests for different combinations of sample size and variable dimension. The multivariate normality tests considered were Henze and Zirkler test (HZ-test), Szekely and Rizzo energy test (SR-test), Madukaife and Okafor test (MO-test), Henze and Jimenez-Gamero test (HJG-test), Dorr, Ebner and Henze test (DEHU-test), Henze and Visagie test (HV-test), Ebner, Henz and Strieder test (EHS-test), and Madukaife test (M-test). The study took into account 5 multivariate distributions, 5 different sample sizes (n = 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50) and 5 different variable dimensions (d = 2, 3, 5, 7 and 9). The multivariate distributions considered were multivariate normal, multivariate t, multivariate uniform, multivariate Laplace, and multivariate exponential distributions. For 2 ≤ d ≤ 9, HZ-test, HJG-test, DEHU-test, EHS-test, HV-test, M-test, MO-test and SR-test maintained relevant type-I-error rate under multivariate normal distribution. Under the alternative distributions of multivariate t and Laplace, the MO-test outperformed all the multivariate normality tests at n = 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 regardless of the variable dimension while HZ-test outperformed all the multivariate normality tests at n = 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 regardless of the variable dimension in multivariate uniform distribution. Hence, the MO-test is recommended over HZ-test, HJG-test, DEHU-test, EHS-test, HV-test, M-test and SR-test when the data are asymmetric.
A Geospatial Technology Approach to Wind-Farm Site Selection in Akure South Local Government Area, Ondo State
Authors: Ogunlade S.O.
Published: October 2024

This study aims to assess the suitability of locations for wind turbine farms. The study employed a GIS-based approach coupled with AHP techniques to identify the most suitable locations for Wind Turbine Farm installations in Akure South Local Government Area (LGA) Nigeria. The dataset used were the extracted attributes of criteria for wind farm establishment adopted from those harvested from previous researches. These attributes were acquired from relevant sources most online and the Global Positioning System (GPS) instrument field work; and subjected to various appropriate geospatial and analytical hierarchical processing and analysis. The resultant suitability map identified key area for probable wind energy farm establishment. The result showed that 15.058% (5150.52ha) of the study area situated mostly at the Northern and Central part of the study area, and very sparsely across other parts, are suitable for the establishment of wind turban farm, out of which 0.03% (8.46 ha) are very suitable. 67.47% (22316.85 ha) mostly around the central part and sparsely all over the study area are moderately suitable. Area of low suitability covered 16.95%, and located at the Southern and North-Western part of the study area. The research was recommended as a guidepost for green energy use, for provision of autonomy in electricity distribution, as a prompt for more research for the establishment of wind turbines farms to bridge the energy gap and ensure energy security for the commercial and industrial sectors in the area.
A Review of Histoplasma capsulatum Associated with Pulmonary Histoplasmosis
Authors: Mohammed Najwan Abbas
Published: October 2024

Histoplasma capsulatum is an intracellular dimorphic fungus that is distributed across the globe and is responsible for pulmonary histoplasmosis. Bats and birds are natural reservoirs for this pathogen, which is found in soils contaminated with these animals' excreta, grows in nature as a mold, and grows in the tissues of a susceptible host as a yeast. Transmission of the fungus occurs through inhalation of airborne spores. The clinical manifestation of primary pulmonary histoplasmosis, which is prevalent in some regions of North America, typically includes nonspecific symptoms like "fevers, malaise, chills, cough, weight loss, and wheezing." Importantly, the amount of fungal particles breathed and the host's immune status determine the severity of this fungal infection, with higher morbidity and mortality rates among immunocompromised individuals. 
Pulmonary histoplasmosis is usually an acute, chronic, or disseminated infection and, like the primary form, resolves spontaneously or with antifungal therapy in immunocompetent hosts. Most pulmonary infections in immunocompetent hosts are asymptomatic, with acute pulmonary infections occurring after prolonged exposure to large quantities of spores. Conversely, in individuals with weakened immune systems, histoplasmosis frequently manifests as a disseminated illness, typically with a high mortality rate in untreated cases. Nevertheless, adequate therapy can significantly reduce the mortality rate. 
The aim of this review was to emphasize the key aspects of H. capsulatum associated with pulmonary histoplasmosis, including geographic distribution of H. capsulatum, clinical presentation of pulmonary histoplasmosis, pathogenesis, immune response and virulence factors of H. capsulatum, pathophysiology of pulmonary histoplasmosis and COVID-19, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies.
Classroom Cultural Diversity Climate and Students' Intention to Engage in Cultural Events: A Parallel Multiple Mediation Analysis of Attitude to Multiculturality at School and Cultural Competence as Groundwork for Culture and the Arts Confluence Program
Authors: Cayas Maricel C. , Lacia Rhys Lloyd D. , Abendaño Marbhen Dominique O.
Published: October 2024

Youth participation matters in nurturing culture and heritage. However, there has been a dearth of research conducted to comprehensively examine youth participation and frame it in the context of cultural heritage and education. This study examined the mediating role of attitude to multiculturality in school and cultural competence on the relationship between classroom cultural diversity climate and intention to engage in cultural events as a basis to devise an institutional culture-based activity. Using 705 student samples of Holy Cross of Davao College selected via quota sampling, it was revealed that attitude to multiculturality in school and cultural competence significantly and fully mediated the relationship between classroom cultural diversity climate and intention to engage in cultural events affirming the social cognitive theory. These findings lead to a relevant groundwork for culture and the arts confluence program that emphasizes enhancing students' cultural competence and their attitude towards multiculturality while also focusing on strengthening teachers' strategies to establish a more inclusive and culturally responsive educational environment. Further work in this area can enhance one's understanding of cultural competence and multicultural attitudes and inform future cultural education programs.
The Physiological Effect of Newcastle Dieses on Blood Parameter Antioxidant Enzymes, Feed Consumption and Weight of Chicken
Authors: Al-Shammary Suhad Hassan Irhayym , Al-Shammary Hind F.
Published: October 2024

The aim of the current study was to identify the physiological effect of Newcastle disease in infected bird comparing with healthy bird .in these experiment 60 bird were divided into two groups each group was two replicates .The group of control T (healthy bird) the group T1 (infected bird ).The blood sample was collected in the end of the experiment the measure of hemoglobin (Hb) ,Total leukocyte cell count (TLC) , Total erythrocyte count (TEC), Differentiation white blood cell, Total protein, Globulin ,and antioxidant enzymes Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-XP), Catalase (CAT) ,Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA). and we were measured the production parameters like a verge of weight, a verge of feed consumption rate and the rate of food conversion efficiency. The results show that significant p≤0.05 affected of the healthy bird compared with infected bird in most of the measure .This confirms that infected with Newcastle disease effect on the physiology of blood and antioxidant so his loss occurs in production of chickens that did not die in the field and this lead to major economic loss .
Accomplishments and Media Coverage of Nepal's First Elected Government
Authors: Ghimire Tara Nath , Nepal Jagat , Kafle Dol Raj
Published: October 2024

This article examines the work and impact of Nepal's first elected government following the 2007 revolution, which ended 104 years of family Rana rule and established democracy in the country. The revolution set the stage for a transition to a political system based on multi-party democracy and constitutional monarchy. Initially, King Tribhuvan promised to advance the country through a constitution created by representatives elected to a Constituent Assembly within two years. However, both King Tribhuvan and his successor, King Mahendra, avoided holding the Constituent Assembly elections out of fear that an elected body might challenge the monarchy. The kings repeatedly postponed the elections while maneuvering to preserve their power. Eventually, political pressure led to the acceptance of parliamentary elections in 2015, with even the republican communist party being coerced into recognizing the monarchy. King Mahendra, however, only agreed to the elections after ensuring no single party could dominate the state machinery. Contrary to the king's expectations, the Nepali Congress achieved a two-thirds majority in the 2015 general election. Once in power, the elected government began efforts to promote public welfare. In response, the king intervened by using military force to dissolve the parliament and suspend the government for 18 months, preventing them from functioning effectively for five years. During this period, political parties were banned, and newspapers critical of the royal actions were censored. This article highlights the significant achievements and challenges faced by Nepal's first elected government, as well as the broader implications of the royal intervention on the country’s democratic processes.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A Case Study of Cambodian Universities
Authors: Hoeurng Heak , Phorn Phearun , Kheav Sopharath , Sam Rany
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming education, offering exciting opportunities and challenges for universities. This study investigates the integration of AI in undergraduate studies at three universities in Battambang, Cambodia. The author employed a quantitative survey design targeting 370 students across various majors and year levels. This research aims to (1) examine the correlation between students’ utilization of AI tools and their chosen field of study; (2) explore undergraduate students' perceptions regarding the application of AI in their academic research; and (3) analyze the perceived significance of AI integration within the context of specific majors. Through a quantitative research approach, data were collected from 370 students across three universities, and their use, perceptions, and significance of AI in their academic endeavors were examined. The findings reveal high engagement with AI tools, particularly for language translation and writing enhancement, although most students lack formal training in AI usage. While students appreciate the efficiency and personalized learning experiences offered by AI, they also express concerns about data privacy, algorithmic biases, and the impact on critical thinking skills.
EGG PRICE RESPONSE TO INCREASE IN THE PRICES OF MAIZE AND SOYBEAN MEAL IN NIGERIA USING ECONOMETRIC TOOLS
Authors: Afodu, O.J.  , Akinboye, O.E.  , Akintunde, A.O.
Published: October 2024

Poultry egg productionn depends greatly on maize and soybean meal which affect the price of egg directly. Egg has been confirmed as one of the cheapest sources of protein. This study was aimed at estimating the relationship between egg price (EP) response to maize price (MP) and soybean meal price (SBMP) changes in Nigeria from 1990 to 2021Time series data in respect of SBMP (N/Kilogramme), MP (N /Kilogramme) and EP (N /Crate) in local currency were obtained. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test and, the Johansen cointegration technique were employed to test for the stationarity of the variables and the long-run relationship between variables, respectively. Result of the study shows the presence of one co integrating long run equilibrium relationship between the variables. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) estimates showed that MP and SBMP had a negative influence on egg production which consequently transform to high price of egg. Policies on reduction of MP and SBMP should be implemented so as to reduce the EP and make the produce more available to the Nigeria populace.
RURAL WOMEN FARMERS PARTICIPATION IN AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN BAUCHI AND TAFAWA BALEWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF BAUCHI STATE
Authors: Mustapha, M.A.  , Idi, S.  , Bose, A. A.
Published: October 2024

The Study analyzed rural women farmers’ participation in agricultural cooperative societies in Bauchi and Tafawa Balewa local government areas of Bauchi State. A Multi-Stage Sampling Technique was used to select 195 women farmers. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that the average age of women farmers was 36.5 years and majority (55.4%) were married with an average household size of 13 persons. While most (81.0%) had crop farming as primary occupation and (29.1%) of the farmers had attained secondary education. The results showed that women farmers had average farming experience of 13 years with an average farm size of 6.6 hectares. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.723 implying that 72.3% of the variation participation in cooperative societies in the study accounted by the factors included in the model. Education, household size, membership duration, extension visit and access to credit were significant at p<0.001 in the level of participation while, primary occupation, amount of loan obtained and adult education were significant at p<0.05. Constraints affecting agricultural activities were; high cost of inputs (66.4%), inadequate capital (82.8%), and high cost of labour (91.1%). The study concluded that, It was discovered from the study that the majority of the women farmers were not too aged, meaning they are still active and productive, they were mainly married and were literate at least up to primary education level. However, their participation is limited by pressure from household head in the study. The study recommended that, cooperative principles like continuous education and training should be arranged in order to improve women’s participation in cooperative activities. More female extension workers should be trained to help female farmers.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DRIVERS OF FOOD SECURITY AMONG SMALLHOLDER RURAL HOUSEHOLD MAIZE FARMERS IN IDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Oladeji, S.O.  , Olatunji, A.T.  , Jamiyu, A.G.  , Ibirogba, O.R.  , Ogunola, A.A.
Published: October 2024

The study examined the socio-economic drivers of food security among smallholder rural household maize farmers in Ido Local Government of Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data was used to collect information from One hundred and twenty (120) respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Households’ food consumption expenditure approach (HFE) and logistic regression model. The results revealed that majority (71.67%) of the respondents were male which implies that farming in the study area was pre- dominantly concentrated by male. Majority (65.83%) of the respondents were married while 70.83% of the respondent were between the age brackets of 41 years and above with an average age of 54 years. The results of the logistic regression indicates that, household size was negatively significant at (p<0.001) showing the larger the household size, the more likelihood of the farm households to be food insecure. The distribution of mean weekly household expenditure classified by budget item  shows that food accounted for the bulk of the expenditure (74.69%). Education, clothing, healthcare and drugs, transportation and other items like recharge card, kerosene, etc. accounted for the remaining 25.31%. Farm size owned by the respondents was significant at (p<0.05) and had positive relationship with food security status of households. Both access to credit and access to extension service were positive significant (p<0.05) in influencing food security status of the farming household in the study area. Coping strategies included relying on support from family, selling assets, reducing food consumption, and facing challenges such as insufficient farm size and limited access to credit and extension services. The study concluded that, age, gender, farm size, marital status, access to credit, and household size were identified as the significant determinants of food security of maize farming households in the study area. The study recommended that, improving farmers' access to micro-credit, supported by both governmental and non-governmental organizations, is essential for overcoming resource acquisition challenges and the government should provide assistance to extension agencies disseminating agricultural technologies as well as promoting family planning initiatives to address large family sizes as a barrier to achieving food security.
PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF BROILER CHICKENS FED GRADED LEVELS OF RICE MILLING WASTE AS REPLACEMENT FOR WHEAT OFFAL
Authors: Williams, G.  , Doma, U. D.  , Abubakar, M.  , Bello, K. M.  , Jama'a, N.A.
Published: October 2024

The experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Department of Animal Production, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi to evaluate the utilization and economic benefits of broiler chicken production using graded levels of rice milling waste (RMW) as replacement for wheat offal in white maize and full fat soya beans-based diets. Five isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated in which rice milling waste replaced wheat offal at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% in diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively at both starter (23% CP) and finisher (20% CP) phases. Three hundred (300) day old chicks were randomly allotted to the five dietary treatments, with four replicates of fifteen birds each in a Completely Randomized Design. Feed and water were given ad libitum throughout the eight weeks period (four weeks of starter and finisher each). Proximate composition of the Rice Milling Waste indicated that it contains 94.12 Dry Matter, 5.21 Crude Protein, 31.40 Crude Fibre, 3.42 Ether Extract, 20.13 Ash and 39.84 Nitrogen Free Extract. Results of the performance parameters showed no statistical significance (P>0.05) in most of the productive performance parameters except feed conversion ratio in finisher (2.81 – 3.72) and overall phases (2.29 – 2.75) which significantly differ at P<0.05. The values of initial weights of birds ranged from 82.07 – 85.65g while that of body weight changes at week four were from 116.60 – 1209. 27g and 1272.70 – 1620.31g for total weight gain. At starter phase, daily feed intake ranged from 68.20 – 70.89g , daily weight gain from 38.64 – 40.15g and feed conversion ratio from 1.72 – 1.83g. In finisher and the overall phases, the values of daily feed intake of 158.71 – 164.11g and 113.45 – 117.50g were obtained while 45.45 – 57.23g and 42.47 – 49.00g for daily weight gain respectively. The total feed cost was lowest in diet 5 (N105.70) and higher in diet 1 (control, N110.46) and the feed cost/kg gain (N) was higher in diet 3 (N555.12) and lower in diet 5 (N 426.72). It was concluded that rice milling waste can completely replace wheat offal in broiler chickens’ diets using white maize and full fat soya bean-based diets without affecting the overall productive performance of the birds with concomitant cost reduction in feed cost and feed cost per kg gain. It is therefore recommended for use in place of the costly wheat offal using white maize and full fat soya bean as sources of energy and protein respectively.
TECHNICAL, ALLOCATIVE AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF IRRIGATED UPLAND TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculentum) PRODUCTION, IN GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Makka, T. B.  , Murtala, N.  , Idi, S.  , Haruna, U.
Published: October 2024

The study examined the technical, allocative and economic efficiency of irrigated upland tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) production, in Gombe State, Nigeria. Multi-stage random sampling procedure was used to select 459 respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result revealed that, the technical efficiency of the farmer is below 1, implying that the farmers in dry season tomato in Gombe State are operating below their production efficiency frontier with a reasonable proportion of 32.97% of the respondents having technical efficiency index within the range interval of 0.41 - 0.60 with the maximum value of 0.99 for the most efficient farmers and minimum or less value of 0.10 for the least or worst farmers. The result of allocative efficiency revealed that, the mean was 0.73 for the dry season tomato farming, meaning that the farmers were 73% allocatively efficient in the production of tomato. The finding also showed a mean economic efficiency level of 0.73, the less efficiency farmers had 0.31 while the maximum and high-level farmers had 0.95. The result further revealed that, fertilizer (r= 0.2822), pesticides (r= 0.4083) and labour (manday) (r= 0.7632) were over utilized while seed/seedling (r= 1.2517) and herbicide (r= 1.3054) were under-utilized. The elasticity for all farms categories indicates that the respondents allocated their resources in a rational stage of production (Stage II) where diminishing return to scale existed. It is concluded that respondents are operating below their production efficiency and the elasticity for all farms categories indicates that the respondents allocated their resources in a rational stage of production (Stage II) where diminishing return to scale existed while fertilizer, labour and pesticide were over utilized. The study recommended that, farmers should manage their farm resources wisely this can be achieved by building their capacity on farm resource management, efforts should also be made to improve access to adequate water for irrigation purposes and insecurity issues can be overcome by collective efforts of the community, government, NGO and capable individuals.
Penerapan Metode C.45 Dalam Penentuan Kelancaran Kredit Nasabah
Authors: Rati E.P. Lubis  , Raja Tama Andri Agus  , Mardalius Mardalius
Published: October 2024

Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Serdang Indah Mandiri Kisaran adalah salah satu koperasi unit simpan pinjam di wilayah Kecamatan Kisaran Barat Kabupaten Asahan Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Serdang Indah Mandiri Kisaran adalah kredit macet. Kredit Macet mengakibatkan kerugian bagi perusahaan dan pemotongan gaji karyawan. Keputusan pemberian kredit pada pelanggan yang tidak tepat dapat berpotensi meningkatkan tingkat kredit macet. Prediksi kredit macet kepada calon nasabah dapat menurunkan resiko kerugian koperasi karena kredit macet. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka perlu dilakukan uji coba prediksi potensi nasabah kredit macet berdasarkan riwayat data kredit sebelumnya. Salah satu metode prediksi yang dapat digunakan untuk Data Mining adalah dengan decision tree menggunakan algoritma C4.5. Menerapkan algoritma C4.5 dapat membantu pihak koperasi dalam pengambilan keputusan pemberian kredit karena mampu memprediksi nasabah lancar dan macet.
Komunitas Kupu-Kupu pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Pasca Terjadi Kebakaran (Butterfly Community at Oil Palm Plantation After the Fire)
Authors: Ayu Lestari Dwi , Santosa Yanto , Tri Kwatrina Rozza
Published: October 2024

Kebakaran hutan dan lahan  di Indonesia merupakan permasalahan penyebab kerusakan lingkungan  yang terjadi setiap tahun, termasuk kebakaran di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa pasca terjadi kebakaran menimbulkan perubahan kondisi komunitas kupu-kupu, namun hasil yang didapatkan antar peneliti berbeda secara berlawanan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan memberikan pengetahuan tentang kondisi komunitas kupu-kupu pasca kebakaran di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Studi kasus dilakukan pada dua perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit (PT1 dan PT2). Pengumpulan data kupu-kupu menggunakan metode transek jalur dan metode baited trap yang dilakukan pada lahan tidak terbakar dan lahan terbakar secara simultan . Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pasca kebakaran telah  terjadi perubahan keanekaragaman dan kekayaan jenis kupu-kupu pada tutupan lahan sawit di PT1, namun perubahan jumlah dan kemerataan jenis kupu-kupu lebih besar di PT2. Sementara itu, pada tutupan lahan semak belukar perubahan lebih besar terjadi di PT2, kecuali untuk kemerataan jenis. Selanjutnya perubahan komposisi jenis kupu-kupu pada tutupan lahan sawit lebih besar terjadi di PT1, sedangkan pada tutupan lahan semak belukar lebih besar terjadi di PT2. Perubahan yang signifikan terjadi pada tutupan lahan nilai konservasi tinggi di  PT2 karena tidak ada jeniskupu-kupu yang bertahan. Pasca terjadi kebakaran di perkebunan sawit tidak menunjukkan terjadinya kepunahan komunitas kupu-kupu, melainkan hanya menunjukkan hasil penurunan jumlah dan komposisi jenis yang bervariasi. Selain faktor kebakaran, terdapat faktor biotik dan abiotik lainnya yang mempengaruhi kondisi komunitas kupu-kupu.
Karakteristik Biofisik Sarang Trenggiling (Manis javanica Desmarest, 1822) pada Beberapa Lokasi Penelitian di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak
Authors: Rianti Anita , Santosa Yanto , Kwatrina Rozza Tri
Published: October 2024

Trenggiling (Manis javanica Desmarest, 1822) merupakan mamalia bersisik yang dilindungi yang populasinya semakin berkurang akibat perburuan dan perdagangan liar. Selain itu, data dan informasi tentang karakteristik biofisik sarang di alam masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis karakteristik biofisik sarang trenggiling di habitat aslinya. Penelitian karakteristik sarang menggunakan metode transek garis dan pengamatan komposisi vegetasi menggunakan Metode Point Centered Quarter, serta dilakukan uji Chi-square untuk melihat hubungan antara komponen karakteristik biofisik sarang dengan dimensi sarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 31 sarang di Cikaniki dan 19 sarang di Gunung Kendeng. Karakteristik vegetasi di kedua lokasi penelitian pada sebagian besar sarang (54%) berada di dalam tanah dengan vegetasi yang memiliki tajuk rapat dan sedang. Sarang trenggiling di Cikaniki lebih banyak ditemukan di hutan sekunder tua, sedangkan di Gunung Kendeng lebih banyak ditemukan di hutan sekunder dan dekat dengan kebun/lahan pertanian. Komponen karakteristik biofisik dibagi menjadi kelas kemiringan, kelas ketinggian, jumlah hewan mangsa dan jarak aktivitas manusia. Di antara keempat komponen tersebut, hanya jarak dari aktivitas manusia, terutama jarak dari sarang ke sawah (p-value 0,043) dan jalan (p-value 0,011), yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan dimensi sarang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa trenggiling dapat hidup di beberapa tipe habitat tanpa memiliki ciri khusus.
Status Kelestarian Habitat di Taman Nasional Bukit Tigapuluh
Authors: Avianti Fransisca Natalia , Santoso Langgeng Wahyu , Hadisusanto Suwarno
Published: October 2024

Pengelolaan kawasan konservasi khususnya Taman Nasional mengalami ancaman akibat berkurangnya luas kawasan hutan dan degradasi hutan akibat perubahan tutupan lahan. Salah satunya yaitu Taman Nasional Bukit Tigapuluh (TNBT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi status kelestarian habitat setelah terjadi perubahan tutupan lahan dan faktor penyebab perubahan tutupan lahan. Identifikasi klasifikasi tutupan lahan melalui klasifikasi terbimbing.  Faktor penyebab perubahan tutupan ditentukan melalui analisis deskriptif hasil wawancara. Identifikasi status kelestarian habitat yaitu terhadap kerapatan vegetasi dilakukan dengan analisis NDVI sementara terhadap tingkat kerawanan longsor dengan overlay peta tutupan lahan dengan peta jenis tanah, penggunaan lahan, curah hujan dan peta kelerengan. Perubahan tutupan lahan tertinggi di TNBT yaitu hutan primer yang berubah menjadi hutan sekunder dan mengalami penurunan luasan mencapai 7,46%. Faktor penyebab terjadinya perubahan tutupan lahan yaitu adanya masyarakat yang tinggal di dalam kawasan TNBT, kebakaran hutan akibat faktor manusia serta tekanan dari kawasan penyangga. Status kelestarian habitat keanekaragaman hayati yaitu TNBT didominasi tingkat kerapatan vegetasi yang tinggi yaitu 46%; tingkat kerawanan longsor tingkat sedang yaitu 92,02%.; serta tingkat kelestarian habitat tingkat tinggi mencapai 44,43% dari total luas TNBT di Wilayah STPN II Belilas.
Keanekaragaman Pakan Lebah Madu Apis cerana di Hutan Rakyat Berdasarkan Karakteristik Polen
Authors: Syifa Khozanah , Haneda Noor Farikhah , Rachmawati Eva
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Honeybees are very important pollinating insects because their pollination activity can improve fruit quality and productivity. Pollen is a male gametophyte of a plant with the reproductive function to fertilize the ovule. Honeybees use pollencollected from various plants as a source of food, especially protein. Pollen contains different types of amino acids that honey bees using it to synthesize food. This study aims to investigate the source of pollen from the honeybee colony of Apis cerana collecting food based on pollen characteristics. Pollen samples were taken from the hind limbs of worker bees and honeycomb of Apis cerana honey bee colonies at the apiary of Forest Farmer Group (KTH) in Buana Sakti Village, Buana Sakti Village, Batanghari District, East Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. Pollen recognition was performed by identifying their characteristics through the pollen aperture, pollen based on the polar and equatorial, ornamentation, and pollen size. The research showed seven plant species were used by honeybees as a food source for pollen. Each species comes from a different family. The type of pollen aperture found varies according to plant species. Types of pollen aperture 1-colpate and pastorate are commonly found in pollen from hind legs. This type of aperture was also found in hive-stored pollen. The dominant types of pollen found in leg and nest pollen came from Cocos nucifera and A. mangium species.
Key word: Bee, feed source, pollen characteristics
 
Abstrak
Lebah madu termasuk serangga penyerbuk yang sangat penting, dimana aktivitas penyerbukannya dapat meningkatkan kualitas dan produktifitas buah. Polen merupakan benih jantan tumbuhan yang berfungsi untuk pembuahan. Lebah madu memanfaatkan polen sebagai pakan, khususnya protein. Polen mengandung jenis asam amino yang berbeda bagi lebah berfungsi untuk sintesis makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi polen yang menjadi sumber pakan lebah madu berdasarkan karakteristik dan asal tumbuhannya. Sampel polen diambil dari tungkai dan sarang lebah di apiary Apis cerana di Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) di Desa Buana Sakti, Kelurahan Buana Sakti, Kecamatan Batanghari, Kabupaten Lampung Timur, Provinsi Lampung. Identifikasi polen dilakukan dengan memperhatikan karakter aperture polen, bentuk polen berdasarkan polar dan ekuatorial, ornamentasi eksin serta ukuran polen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tujuh spesies tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan lebah madu sebagai sumber polen. Masing-masing spesies berasal dari famili yang berbeda. Tipe aperture polen ditemukan berbeda-beda sesuai dengan jenis tanaman. Tipe polen 1-colpate dan pantoporate banyak ditemukan pada polen tungkai. Jenis aperture tersebut juga ditemukan pada polen sarang. Jenis polen yang dominan ditemukan pada polen tungkai dan polensarang berasal dari spesies Cocos nucifera dan Acacia mangium.
Kata kunci: Lebah madu, karakteristik polen, sumber pakan
Dampak Pasca Kebakaran Hutan terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Sifat Kimia Tanah di Gunung Panderman
Authors: Wibowo Febri Arif Cahyo , Waskitho Nugroho Tri , Prasetyo Bagas , Wahidiah Tria
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Forest fires occurred on Mount Panderman in 2019 causing damage to the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The research aims to analyze the physical and chemical properties of soil in burned and unburned areas and their impacts. The research method uses purposive sampling by determining location points based on topographic conditions. Statistical analysis uses paired T-test and Pearson correlation test. The research was carried out on the Andosol soil type with sandy clay soil class. Overall, burned and unburned areas did not significantly affect soil fertility based on different tests. The results of the mean difference test show that the permeability on burned land is higher/lower than on unburned area and is significantly different. The bulk density, sand, pH and CEC values on burned land were lower than on unburned land and were not significantly different. Meanwhile, the dust, clay and water content values on the best land are higher than the unburned area and are not significantly different. The relationship between water content and permeability in burned area, and between water content and CEC in burned land is significantly correlated with a negative relationship direction.
Keywords: Forest Fires, Correlation, Soil Physics and Chemistry
Abstrak
Kebakaran hutan terjadi di Gunung Panderman tahun 2019 menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan pada sifat fisik dan sifat kimia pada tanah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat fisik dan kimia tanah di areal bekas terbakar dan tidak terbakar serta dampaknya. Metode penelitian menggunakan purposive sampling dengan penentuan titik lokasi berdasarkan kondisi topografi. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji-T berpasangan dan uji korelasi pearson. Penelitian dilakukan pada jenis tanah Andosol dengan kelas tanah lempung berpasir. Antara lahan terbakar dan tidak terbakar secara keseluruhan tidak signifikan mempengaruhi kesuburan tanah berdasarkan uji beda. Hasil uji beda rata-rata menunjukkan bahwa permeabilitas pada lahan terbakar lebih tinggi atau rendah dibandingkan dengan lahan tidak terbakar dan berbeda signifikan. Nilai bulk density, pasir, pH dan KTK pada lahan terbakar lebih rendah dibanding tidak terbakar dan tidak berbeda signifikan. Nilai debu, liat, kadar air pada lahan terbaik lebih tinggi dibanding tidak terbakar dan tidak berbeda signifikan. Hubungan antara kadar air dengan permeabilitas di lahan terbakar, antara kadar air dengan KTK di lahan terbakar berkorelasi nyata dengan arah hubungan negatif.
Kata kunci: Kebakaran hutan, korelasi, fisik dan kimia tanah
Struktur dan Produktivitas Tegakan Hutan Tanaman Shorea mecistopteryx di KHDTK Haurbentes, Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Anam Reza Alvino , Pamoengkas Prijanto , Darwo Darwo , Dewi Rosita
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The forest area in Indonesia is decreasing every year, primarily due to the increasing rate of deforestation, especially in lowland forest areas. Lowland forests in Indonesia are dominated by tree species from the dipterocarpaceae family. One of the species affected and categorized as vulnerable bythe IUCN is Shorea mecistopteryx, an endemic meranti species originating from the island of Kalimantan. This research aims to analyze the stand structure, natural regeneration, and productivity of S. mecistopteryx plantation forests across different age classes. The results show that natural regeneration of S. mecistopteryx occurs in every plant plot and is dominant. The density at the pole level is lower than that of seedlings, saplings, and trees. The structure of the 83-year-old S. mecistopteryx stand forms an inverted "J" curve similar to the stand structure in natural forests, while the 32-year-old stand forms a normal curve, typical of plantation forests. The potential volume for S. mecistopteryx stands at the age of 83 years with a diameter of 50 cm and above is 323.08 m3/ha, and for diameter class of 40 cm and above, it is 541.78 m3/ha. At the age of 32 years, the stand potential for the 50 cm diameter class and above is 45.98 m3/ha, and the 40 cm diameter class and above is 497.73 m3/ha.
Keywords: Shorea mecistopteryx, forest plantation, stand structure, stand potency, nature regeneration Abstrak
Luas kawasan hutan di Indonesia mengalami penurunan setiap tahunnya yang salah satunya diakibatkan oleh laju deforestasi yang selalu meningkat, terutama pada kawasan hutan dataran rendah. Hutan dataran rendah di Indonesia di dominasi oleh jenis-jenis pohon dari famili dipterokarpa. Salah satu jenis yang terdampak dan masuk katergoti/status rentan menurut IUCN adalah Shorea mecistopteryx, jenis meranti endemik yang berasal dari pulau Kalimantan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur tegakan, regenerasi alami, dan produktivitas hutan tanaman S. mecistopteryx pada kelas umur yang berbeda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan regenerasi alami S. mecistopteryx terjadi di setiap petak tanaman dan telah mendominasi. Kerapatan tingkat tiang lebih rendah daripada tingkat semai, pancang, dan pohon. Struktur tegakan S. mecistopteryx yang berumur83 tahun telah membentuk kurva “J” terbalik seperti struktur tegakan di hutan alam, namun tegakan yag berumur 32 tahun berbentuk kurva normal seperti umumnya struktur tegakan di hutan tanaman. Potensi tegakan S. mecistopteryx pada umur 83 tahun berdiameter 50 cm ke atas sebesar 323,08 m3 per ha dan kelas diameter 40 cm ke atas sebesar 541,78 m3 per ha. Pada umur 32 tahun potensi tegakannya untuk kelas diameter 50 cm ke atas sebesar 45,98 m3/ha dan kelas diameter 40 cm ke atas sebesar 497,73 m3/ha.
Kata Kunci: Shorea mecistopteryx, hutan tanaman, struktur tegakan, potensi tegakan, regenerasi alami
Guía general de estudio de la asignatura Diseño y animación 2D
Authors:   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Vicente León, López Lidioma William Leonardo
Published: October 2024

La materia de Diseño y Animación se desenvuelve sobre el análisis y ejecución de la planificación para la animación, sobre las fases evolutivas del trabajo en producción digital del diseño y su materialización en animaciones, obteniendo el desarrollo profesional, manejo básico de software de animación en diferentes presentaciones y establecer una planificación desde el proceso hasta la entrega del producto o servicio final al cliente.
A REVIEW ON COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES OF BRINJAL SHOOT AND FRUIT BORER
Authors:   Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, Haque Farha Tamanna Ila , Akter Rinki ,   Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, Hossain Md. Shamim ,   Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, Rahman Md. Mamunur ,   Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, Amin Md Ruhul ,   Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
Published: October 2024

Cultivation of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is of significant globalimportance, especially in Bangladesh, where it ranks second after potato. The production of brinjal in Bangladesh was 619000 Mt in 2021-22. However, the annual brinjal production in Bangladesh lags behind to leading brinjal-producing countries like India, China, and Japan due to various challenges encompassing environmental factors, soil conditions, insect pests, and diseases. One of the most formidable challenges is the infestation of brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), which inflicts substantial yield losses and threatens food security. This review synthesizes existing knowledgeand innovations to provide a comprehensive understanding of management strategies to combat this notorious pest. This article states the effectiveness of various approaches, and their ecological and economic impacts, and offersinsights and recommendations for sustainable management strategies of BSFB.Integrated pest management (IPM) packages have demonstrated significant success in reducingthe infestation of brinjal shoot and fruit borer. Among the tacticsof IPM, culturalpractices such as mulching and clipping proveto be highly effective in reducing infestation levels. Neem oil and leaf extract have shown to be effective in controlling this pest.
Administrative Management Capacity in Out-of-School Time Organizations: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Summers John , Price Lana
Published: October 2024

Organizations that run afterschool programs need investment in administration and management to more effectively support their programs for children.