bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Сучасне природне право та динамічне праворозуміння
Authors: СТОВБА ОЛЕКСІЙ
Published: March 2021

У статті розглядаються основні тенденції сучасного праворозуміння на пострадянському просторі. Нині можна спостерігати поділ правознавців на тих, хто належить до так званого класичного праворозуміння і представників некласичної (“посткласичної”) правової думки, між якими точаться палкі дискусії щодо співвідношення “класики” і “некласики” в праві. Водночас некласична філософія права на пострадянському просторі не просто некритично запозичує ідеї і принципи, розроб лені західними правознавцями, але має свою специфіку, яка може бути найбільш точно виражена у вигляді терміна “динамічне праворозуміння” та не може бути зведена до відомих підходів, зокрема природного права. Термін “динамічне праворозуміння” є збірним найменуванням для низки тих концепцій, які були розроблені на пострадянському просторі наприкінці ХХ – на початку XXI ст. Це насамперед феноменолого-комунікативний (А. Поляков), діалогічний (І. Честнов), темпорально-онтологічний (А. Стовба) підходи, а також концепція правової реальності (С. Максимов) і деякі інші. Незважаючи на те що погляди всіх цих учених є самостійними й оригінальними, вони мають низку спільних рис, які дають змогу об’єднати їх під загальною назвою “динамічне праворозуміння”. Такими рисами є негативне ставлення до реіфікації права, до спроб мислити право виключно в системі логіко-понятійних координат (передусім суб’єкт-об’єктних відносин), а також до уявлення про право як про статичний, континуальний вимір Належного, який із безпечної трансцендентальної дистанції регулює сущу реальність. Натомість пропонується розуміння права як динамічного (дискретного і такого, що відтворюється) за своєю суттю феномена, який із самого початку має соціальний характер. При цьому, незважаючи на новизну й оригінальність цих побудов, динамічне праворозуміння може бути вписано як у вітчизняний, так і в світовий філософськоправничий дискурс. У результаті робиться висновок про те, що ідеї динамічного праворозуміння можуть послужити адекватним концептуальним підходом для цілісного осмислення сутності права.
A “Defense” of Cognitivism and the Law
Authors: CIANCIARDO JUAN
Published: March 2021

This paper consists of a journey marked by three important milestones: (i) an overview of the controversy between cognitivism and non-cognitivism, (ii) a review of the different theoretical positions around this controversy, and (iii) an assessment on the impact of such controversy in theory of law and in the way the work of the jurist is understood. The ultimate objective is to demonstrate that, if followed coherently, noncognitivism can only lead to the unintelligibility of the legal phenomenon. Jointly, and as corollary of the latter, it will be revealed that even highly convinced advocates of noncognitivism implicitly or unintentionally ground their legal theorization in cognitivisttype of assumptions. The author adds that a non-cognitivist judge has a serious risk of incurring in a certain type of professional hypocrisy that would consist in camouflaging the real reasons that led her to choose for the application of a norm instead of another, or to choose one method of interpretation over others, with empty formulas that have nothing to do with those real reasons. As we will see, a non-cognitivist jurist approaches legal norms from a very different perspective than a cognitivist. Although it may sound shocking, justice has little or nothing to do with the work of the non-cognitivist from his perspective. This means that laws can have whatever moral content, that their reasonableness and/or their justice value is defined by the legislator, and that most of the time there are no strict reasons that justify what is that the legislator did when passing a law.
Конституційний Суд України як надпарламентський орган законодавчої влади
Authors: ШЛЯХТУН ПЕТРО , КОЛЮХ ВАЛЕРІЙ
Published: March 2021

Метою дослідження є з’ясування впливу рішень Конституційного Суду України (КСУ) на систему права України та окреслення правових засобів обмеження можливих негативних наслідків їх ухвалення з урахуванням відповідного зару біжного конституційного досвіду. Рішення КСУ з питань антикорупційного законодавства аналізуються під кутом зору їхньої відповідності принципам правової держави та завданням щодо протидії корупції в Україні. Звертається увага на місце рішень КСУ в системі права України, правові та політичні наслідки їх ухвалення. Обґрунтовується необхідність реформування конституційного статусу КСУ. На основі аналізу зарубіжного конституційного досвіду окреслюються можливі шляхи обмеження компетенції КСУ, передусім у частині його функції наступного конституційного контролю та остаточного характеру ухвалених ним рішень.
У висновку зазначається, що наділений функцією наступного конституційного контролю, повноваженнями щодо тлумачення Конституції і – до червня 2016 р. – законів України, ухвалюючи відповідні рішення, КСУ тією чи тією мірою виконує і правотворчу функцію, а оскільки його рішення мають вищу від прийнятих пар-ламентом законів юридичну силу, то це означає, що він певною мірою виступає і як надпарламентський орган законодавчої влади. Така “законотворчість” КСУ може негативно впливати на систему права і суспільні відносини в Україні. Рішення суду нерідко є політично і корпоративно вмотивованими, значний вплив на їх прийняття справляє політична обстановка в країні, незаконний тиск на суд та ідеоло гічні переконання і політичні позиції самих суддів. Для істотного обмеження можливих негативних наслідків діяльності КСУ потрібна буде згода його самого, оскільки будь-яке обмеження конституційних повноважень, особливо після запровадження інституту конституційної скарги, він може сприйняти як обмеження прав і свобод людини та громадянина, що унеможливить внесення відповідних змін до Конституції України.
Процесуальна реалізація гарантій безпеки України та захисту її інтересів
Authors: ТИМЧЕНКО ЛЕОНІД , КОНОНЕНКО ВАЛЕРІЙ
Published: March 2021

Звернення до мирних засобів вирішення міжнародного спору є єдино можливим і логічним способом врегулювання міжнародних суперечок. Мирне врегулювання – це основний компонент забезпечення безпеки, формування системи міжнародних відносин, заснованих на виключенні сили, взаєморозумінні, співпраці та довірі між суб’єктами міжнародного права.
Метою статті є аналіз стану процесуальної реалізації гарантій безпеки України та захисту її інтересів, визначення шляхів мінімізації негативних наслідків неналежного представництва держави в міжнародних судових інстанціях.
Міжнародний судовий розгляд у повному обсязі не гарантує захист інтересів держави та виконання відповідного рішення, ухваленого міжнародним судом на користь держави: на формування правової позиції міжнародних судів може впливати політична та економічна складові міжнародних відносин у світлі геополітичних інтересів як окремих держав, так і їхніх об’єднань, що позначається на характері ухвалених рішень. А виконання рішень міжнародних судів залежить від доброї волі держави, на яку покладені зобов’язання. Однак він є достатньоефективним механізмом юридичного врегулювання міжнародних суперечок мирними засобами.
За умови застосування міжнародними судовими установами прецедентного права та системного використання договірних норм contra legem, при формуванні правової позиції необхідно враховувати практику міжнародних судів в аналогічних справах, не спираючись виключно на норми позитивного права.
Для мінімізації негативних наслідків неналежного представництва держави в міжнародних судових інстанціях необхідно передбачити проведення обов’язкового правового та фінансового незалежного аудиту в усіх справах.
Кожний законопроєкт щодо ратифікації міжнародних договорів, які містять арбітраж не застереження, або якими прямо передбачений судовий розгляд, необхідно направляти, окрім відповідного комітету щодо предмета відання, до комітетів із питань правової політики та з питань національної безпеки, оборони та розвідки для проведення експертизи.
Транснаціональний нотаріальний процес: становлення нового напряму науки про нотаріат
Authors: ФУРСА ЄВГЕН
Published: March 2021

Сучасний стан розвитку теорії нотаріального процесу можна визнати задовільним, оскільки вчені виконали значну роботу з аналізу та вирішення тих проблем, із якими стикаються нотаріуси та інші уповноважені на вчинення нотаріальних дій особи. Тому вважаємо доцільним привернути увагу до малодосліджених питань, які пов’язані з вчиненням нотаріальних проваджень з іноземним елементом. У зв’язку з цим у статті запропоновано підходи до формування такого поняття, як “транснаціональний нотаріальний процес”, визначення його складових і функцій.
Мета статті полягає у тому, щоб сформувати концептуальні підходи до сприйняття сутності, змісту транснаціонального нотаріального процесу, його місця у правовій системі, значення для науки й охорони безспірних прав суб’єктів цивільних відносин з іноземним елементом через вчинення нотаріальних дій і висловити автор ські гіпотези на предмет такого поняття, як “іноземний елемент” у теорії нотаріального процесу.
Тоді, коли значна частина українців перетинає кордони України, вступає у різноманітні відносини в іноземних країнах, а також на території України іноземні громадяни набувають права власності на об’єкти нерухомості, не можна не володіти інформа цією про те, які наслідки виникатимуть при вступі їх до шлюбу, у разі смерті тощо. Тому потрібно активно збирати і систематизувати інформацію про те, які особливості спадкування будуть у випадку смерті громадянина України за кордоном та іноземця в Україні, хто і які нотаріальні дії в такому або подібному випадках має право вчиняти. Практично в кожній країні світу існує своя система спадкування, яка відрізняється від вітчизняної моделі, але в Україні вони залишаються практично недослідженими.
В іноземних країнах напрацьовано величезний досвід діяльності нотаріусів, який залишається так само мало вивченим українськими вченими, але його аналіз мав би показати оптимальні шляхи удосконалення організації та діяльності українського нотаріату, налагодження зв’язків між нотаріусами різних країн. Водночас величезні обсяги інформації мають бути систематизовані, інакше вони так і залишаться не використаними. Всі наведені аргументи й спонукали автора до дослідження означеної проблематики.
URGENSI PEMBENTUKAN PENGATURAN PERLINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI DI INDONESIA SERTA KOMPARASI PENGATURAN DI JEPANG DAN KOREA SELATAN
Authors: Palito Jeremias , Soenarto Safira Aninditya , Raila Tiara Almira
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Protection of data privacy is a topic that is currently being discussed a lot. Globally, there are 132 countries that already have exclusive regulation regarding the protection of personal data, including Japan and South Korea. In Indonesia, the Personal Data Protection Bill (RUU PDP) has been included in the National Legislation Program. From the research conducted, it was found that Indonesia does not have any specific regulations regarding the protection of personal data. Furthermore, this paper also discussed the comparison between the personal data protection regulations in Japan and South Korea, so that further research can be made of what matters should be contained in the RUU PDP. The regulations in Japan and South Korea certainly have differences, but they basically contain the same things, such as principles, protection mechanisms, data subject rights, transfers to third countries, and sanctions.

Keywords: Protection of Data Privacy; Japan; and South Korea.

Abstrak

Perlindungan data pribadi merupakan diskursus yang belakangan ini banyak dibicarakan. Secara global, terdapat 132 negara yang sudah memiliki pengaturan khusus mengenai perlindungan data pribadi, termasuk Jepang dan Korea Selatan. Di Indonesia, Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi (RUU PDP) telah masuk ke dalam Program Legislasi Nasional. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, didapatkan hasil bahwa Indonesia belum memiliki pengaturan mengenai perlindungan data pribadi secara khusus. Selanjutnya, dibahas pula mengenai komparasi antara peraturan perlindungan data pribadi di Jepang dan Korea Selatan, agar selanjutnya dapat diteliti hal-hal apa saja yang seharusnya dimuat dalam RUU PDP. Pengaturan di Jepang dan Korea Selatan tentunya memiliki perbedaan, tetapi pada dasarnya memuat berapa hal yang sama seperti prinsip, mekanisme perlindungan, hak data subjek, transfer ke negara ketiga, serta sanksi.

Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Data Pribadi; Jepang; dan Korea Selatan.
EKSISTENSI PAJAK BAGI PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL
Authors: Janges Zakka Pranggapati , PANGESTU ILHAM AJI
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Taxes are mandatory contributions imposed on the public coercively by state without direct reciprocal obtained from the tax payment. The main purpose of such is as state revenue for national development which aims to improve the welfare of its people and is collected based on the principle of justice. This can be observed from 3 perspectives, which is philosophical, juridical, and sociological perspectives. Philosophically, tax collection is fair because it is desired and approved by the public through DPR as the people’s representative who creates law on tax collection. Moreover, the collected taxes are also for national development in order to achieve welfare state. Juridically, the government has made efforys to improve tax regulations to keep up with the times and society since the early days of independence, such as UU KUP that has beed revised several times from 1983 to 2009. In addition, the issued tax regulations also prioritize elements of justice such as PPh which in calculation uses progressive rates and PTKP. Sociologically, public awareness is still lacking. This can be solved by government efforts to create good image of tax by implementing the principles of good governance in order to create social trust and the people themselves want to pay taxes (voluntary tax compliance).

Keywords: Tax, National Development, Principle of Justice, Welfare State.

Abstrak

Pajak merupakan iuran wajib yang dikenakan kepada masyarakat oleh negara yang bersifat memaksa dan tidak ada timbal balik kepada masyarakat secara langsung yang didapatkan dari pembayaran pajak tersebut. Tujuan utama pemungutan pajak yaitu sebagai pendapatan negara guna pembangunan negara yang bertujuan untuk menyejahterakan rakyatnya dan dipungut berdasarkan asas keadilan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari 3 perspektif yaitu perspektif filosofis, yuridis, dan sosiologis.Secara filosofis pemungutan pajakadil karena dikehendaki dan disetujui oleh masyarakat melalui DPR sebagai perwakilan rakyat yang menciptakan undang-undang mengenai pemungutan pajak sehingga kedaulatan rakyat tetap diagungkan.Selain itu pajak yang dipungut juga untuk pembangunan nasional agar terciptanya welfare state. Secara yuridis, pemerintah telah berupaya memperbarui peraturan perpajakan untuk mengikuti perkembangan zaman dan masyarakat sejak awal masa kemerdekaan, seperti UU KUP yang telah berubah beberapa kali sejak tahun 1983 sampai terakhir 2009. Selain itu peraturan perpajakan yang dikeluarkan pemerintah juga mengutamakan unsur keadilan seperti PPh yang dalam perhitungannya menggunakan tarif progresif dan mengenal adanya PTKP.Secara sosiologis, kesadaran membayar pajak di dalam masyarakat masih kurang.Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan upaya pemerintah mewujudkan good image of tax dengan menjalankan prinsip good governance agar terciptanya social trust dan masyarakat dengan sendirinya ingin membayar pajak (voluntary tax compliance).

Kata Kunci: Pajak; Pembangunan Negara; Asas Keadilan; Welfare State.
OPEN SKY POLICY DAN STRATEGI PEMANFAATAN RUANG UDARA INDONESIA
Authors: Senoaji Zidane Haikal , Setiyawan Anang
Published: March 2021

The Asean open sky policy will have logical consequences on the regulation, control and utilization of Indonesian air space, therefore a strategic regulation, control and utilization strategy is needed to maintain the national interests of the Indonesian state as a whole.This paper uses doctrinal research methods through literature study, while the data analysis uses qualitative methods. The results of this research study indicate that the government must improve and make improvements to infrastructure on national aviation in terms of capacity, systems and technology, as well as strengthening existing policies and regulations so as to maximize the use and utilization of the potential of the air space.
IMPLEMENTASI PASAL 59 AYAT (2) HURUF J UNDANG -UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2002 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DI KOTA BANJAR
Authors: Komariah Mamay
Published: March 2021

Child victims of sexual abuse who have traumatic impacts who serve child victims of violence that are so profound and difficult to cure. Psychological trauma to children who are victims of sexual crimes is difficult to remove from the child's memory, especially if the perpetrator is still and lives not far from the environment of the child, the victim who commits a crime in a crime. The importance of the victim's main concern in discussing crimes caused by the victim often has a very important role in the occurrence of a crime.

The method used by compilers in this research is descriptive analysis, namely how to solve problems or answer problems that are tracing the road, classification, analysis, the data displayed with the aim of making a picture of an objective situation. Compilers also use a normative juridical approach, namely legal research that prioritizes researching library materials or what is called secondary data material.

Implementation of Article 59 Paragraph (2) Letter J Law Number 35 Year 2014 Amendments to Law Number 23 Year 2002 Regarding Protection in the City of Banjar Has not been implemented optimally because it is still the infrastructure, budget and human resources who are experts in children specifically, therefore The government should add psychologists and psychiatrists to rehabilitate child victims of sexual abuse committed by the presence of the social service and the P2TP2A (Integrated Service Center for Women and Children) to carry out rehabilitation only to provide motivation and visits to families but still not maximally because one is functionally responsible for protection against child victims of sexual crimes crimes.

It is hoped that the government can provide maximum rehabilitation for children who are victims of criminal acts because it is an obligation of the government. protection of the community and increasing human resources such as psychology and psychiatrists to provide rehabilitation services for child victims of abuse.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBERANTASAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Humulhaer Siti , Pratama Rommy
Published: March 2021

Korupsi merupakan suatu tindak kejahatan yang menjadi suatu hambatan bagi perkembangankehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Khususnya dalam upaya menuju proses pembangunan nasional.Korupsi dapat dinyatakan sebagai tindak pidana extra ordinary crime karena berakibat bagiperekonomian yang bersifat masif, maka kejahatan ini harus diberantas dengan suatu sistem aturanperundang-undangan yang terstruktur dan diikuti pula dengan apratur negara khususnya yang berkaitandengan aparat pemerintah di bidang hukum di Indonesia lembaga penegak hukum yang menangani tindak kejahatan tindak pidana orupsi diantaranya adalah Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia,Kejaksaan, KPK (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi), Kehakiman (Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi).Tujuan dari penanganan masalah yang menyangkut permasalahan hukum korupsi adalah untukmelindungnakan anggaran keuangan negara agar tidak disalahgunakan dalam penggunaanya, dalam artibahwa lembaga, organisasi, institusi, kepala daerah yang diberikan kepercayaan oleh negara dengandiberikan suatu anggaran yang direncanakan harus digunakan sesuai dengan alokasi dana yang sudahdisetujui dan ditetapkan oleh pemerintah dengan diserap dalam program-program yang telah ditetapkanserta harus juga dicatat dan dilaporkan serta dipertanggungjawabkan sesuai aturan yang ada.peraturanperundang-undangan yang telah berlaku diantaranya adalah Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana(KUHP), tetapi harus lebih di sesuaikan dengan perkembangan zaman dan perkembangan kehidupansuatu bangsa dalam proses pembangunan yang dapat dijadikan dasar hukum yang kuat untukpencegahan dan pemberantasan masalah korupsi dalam hal ini harus ada undang-undang khusus yangmengatur tentang korupsi selain KUHP dengan tujuan sebagai suatu dasar hukum harmonisasi untukmencegah dan memberantas korupsi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitiankepustakaan dengan mengumpulkan sumber-sumber informasi melalui data-data dari berbagai referensiyang kemudian dijadikan sebagai penulisan penelitian. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwapemerintah telah memberikan perhatian khusus dalam implementasi pencegahan, pemberantasan,penegakan hukum kejahatan tindak pidana korupsi dengan di terbitkannya produk-produk aturanhukum dalam setiap era pemerintahan.
Inhibitory Potential of Selected Fungicides and Plant Extracts Against Mycelial Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri Causal Agent of Chickpea Wilt
Authors: Haseeb Hafiz Abdul , Naseem Usama , Ali Safdar , Sahi Shahbaz Talib
Published: March 2021

Chickpea wilt is one of the major limiting factors, for low yield of chickpea. In Pakistan chickpea wilt causes 10-50% losses every year. At all concentrations, Carbendazim and Benomyl proved most effective while Acrobat was least effective in suppressing the mycilial growth of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri.  However, higher concentration of Acrobat was also slightly effective. Among the plant extracts, higher concentrations of Sufaida and Neem proved to be effective while onion failed to control the colony growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri at all concentrations.
In Vitro Studies on the Growth Inhibiting Potential of Some Botanical Extracts Against Macrophomina phaseolina
Authors: Iqbal Asfand , Khursid Rabia , Fatima Nida , Rizwan Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Natural plant extracts are valuable source of numerous fungitoxic compounds that can substitute synthetic fungicides. In current studies, six plant extracts viz., Zingiber officinalis, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Azadirachta indica, Allium cepa, Cassia fistula and Allium sativum in three dose levels standard dose (S.D), S/2 and S/3 were tested against colony growth of Macrophomina phaseolina under in vitro conditions. Among all the treatments ginger extract at its standard dose was found highly effective followed by eucalyptus and neem. Percentage colony growth inhibition of (50 %), (38 %) and (29 %) was recorded to produce by ginger, eucalyptus and ginger respectively as compared to control treatment where no growth inhibition was recorded. Extract of Allium sativum was found least effective phytochemical where pathogenic fungal growth inhibition was (24.5 %). Concentration comparison of three dose levels showed that (S.D) was highly effective where mean colony growth of M. phaseolina was (3.72 cm) followed by (4 cm) @ S/2 and maximum diameter was (4.36 cm) @ S/3 concentration.
Effects of Dumping Solid Waste on Water Quality of Surface Water Bodies
Authors: Urooj Afshan , Ilyas Rida , Humayun Nimrud Humayun
Published: March 2021

Water pollution has been a hot debate for government and scientists. in addition, protecting river water quality is exceedingly immediate because of serious water pollution and global scarcity of water reservoir. This study was conducted to assess the effect of solid waste dumping on surface water quality. In return to achieve this, water samples were obtained in different months from site. Below site was selected due to the dumps on surface water. Water parameters pH, turbidity conductivity and temperature were determined using pH/conductivity meter, Most the values are within the permissible limits, but all the samples do not fulfill WHO requirements, site may have effects on human health due to waterborne diseases and on soil fertility.
Lab-Scale Optimization of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production by Bacterial Strain cmg1415 on Local Cheap Substrates Using One Variable at a Time Approach
Authors: Muhammadi Muhammadi , Shafiq Shabina
Published: March 2021

Production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) under optimum culture conditions using local cheap feedstocks is indispensable to overcome the current cost of PHA-based plastics. For this purpose, optimum culture conditions and cheap feedstocks were investigated to produce maximum yield of PHA in CMG1415. Maximum yield was obtained with sucrose or sugar beet as sole source of precursors for PHA in 8 days of incubation at 35 °C in a minimal medium adjusted at pH 7. Further, for maximum yield no mechanical shaking was needed. Local cheap feedstock such as sugar beet and molasses were found to play as significant carbon and nitrogen sources for maximum PHA yield.  Bacterial plastic produced under these low-labor-cost culture conditions may to reduce the present cost of degradable bioplastic and be much effective alternate of nondegradable varieties of synthetic plastic.
Medicinal Uses and Conservation Status of Aconitum violaceum
Authors: Safdar Anum , Bibi Yamin
Published: March 2021

Aconitum violaceum Jacq. ex Stapf belonging to family Ranunculaceae is an important medicinal plant of Himalaya regions. Its medicinal potential is due to the presence of pharmacologically active compounds such as At, aconitine, benzoic acid, aconine and flavanoids. This plant has notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. Traditionally, this plant is used for the treatment of asthma, cough, neural disorders, cardiac diseases as well as for curing sciatica and joint pain. Due to remarkable medicinal values and commercialization, this plant is threatened, and it is at high risk of extinction. Conservation practices and management techniques should be carried out to protect this important plant from extinction. Recent biotechnological approaches will be quite helpful for its conservation.
A Genre Analysis of the Undergraduate Thesis Abstracts: Revisiting Swales’ Theory of Written Discourse
Authors: Suwarni Andi
Published: March 2021

The genre analysis has become a critical study in pragmatic which forms the dialogic interaction that manifest written academic discourse socially and culturally. The aims of this study is to describe the pattern and variation of moves that appear from the undergraduate thesis abstracts at a specific college in the Bone Region. The implications of this study on educational written materials are included. Data collection comprised 45 abstracts as samples consist of 3 cohorts (2015, 2016 and 2017) of university students, each with 15 abstracts. A structure studied by Hyland (2005) was used to explain the different trends in the abstracts. Unstructured interviews with and evaluation of the students were carried out to better understand the writing skills of the students. Then data were analyzed using content analysis. The results show that most abstracts involve rhetorical gestures similar to the previous study. The moves include an initial statement, a clarification of intent and confirmation of the results and explanations for the research 's significance. The results also indicated that university students are more mindful of the logical series. Rhetorical movements and language properties needed in abstract academic learning. The aim, methodology and findings of the related paper are the most abstracts. These findings are compatible with previous studies and show that future scientists based on movement analysis that should explore the link between movement analysis results and academic teaching content. The results justify such pedagogic consequences that indicate that the student has an interest in current education research to change the teaching materials.
Grammatical Errors in English Informal Essays by The Sixth Semester of English Literature Students
Authors: Muchtar Jumardin
Published: March 2021

This research focused on Dulay's and Richard's theories about grammatical errors. This research purposed to (1) describe grammatical error types in English informal essay were made by the sixth semester of English Literature students in Makassar Islamic University and (2) find grammatical error causes in the informal essay were made by the sixth semester of English Literature students in Makassar Islamic University. The researcher used qualitative methods to analyse the types of error in students' questionnaires and essays based on Dulay's theory: omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. Meanwhile, the researcher also found error causes by Richard's theory, namely, interference, overgeneralization, ignorance of the rule restriction, incomplete rule restriction, and false concept hypothesized. This research demonstrated 210 errors in students' questionnaires and essays. First, fifty-two errors in omission: twenty-nine errors in the omission of the auxiliary verb, three errors in the omission of the ordinary verb, six errors omission of the noun, eight errors in the omission of a plural noun, two errors in the omission of gerund noun and four errors in the omission of the preposition. Second, ninety-three errors, in addition, those were: twelve errors in double marking, fifty-one errors in regularization, and thirty errors in simple addition. Third, fifty-one errors in misinformation last were fourteen errors in misordering, which were found in interference, overgeneralization, ignorance of the rule restriction, incomplete rule restriction, and false concept hypothesized.

Keywords: Grammatical, Error, Informal Essays.
ELT Graduate Students’ Challenges of Writing for Scholarly Publication: Discursive Perspectives
Authors: Lathif Masyhudi , Nurkamto Joko , Kristina Diah
Published: March 2021

There has been an increasing demand for postgraduate students to publish their scholarly work as one of their graduation requirements. The present study attempted to explore the graduate students’ challenges in writing for scholarly publication seen from the perspectives of discursive challenges. This qualitative research employed case study to disclose the participants’ perceived constraints. The students participated in this study three final-year female students undertaking their master’s degree in English Language Teaching (ELT) in a university in Central Java. Data were garnered from semi-structured interviews. The findings discovered the discursive challenges that the participants faced in writing for scholarly publication including accuracy, genre understanding, interference of L1 to L2 production, and lexical items. It is expected that this study provides new insights for EAP design for higher education context so that the program addresses the needs of the graduate students.
Nyerere in Eyes of his Critics
Authors: Fedeo Ignas
Published: March 2021

There are a number of positive ideals about Mwalimu Julius Nyerere in the literatures. His ideals includes among others his devotion for peace, security, unity and democracy. However, the ideals do not limit the visibility of his negative traits. This paper specially examines the criticisms against Nyerere. The paper looks at the portrayal of Nyerere in number literatures from his critics. It examines the literatures against Nyerere in number of issues including his role in the decolonization struggle, the situation of democracy and individual freedom during his reign and his position towards Islamic religion and Zanzibar revolution. The paper establishes that most of criticisms against Nyerere are not refuted because supporters and critics talk about different things. Whereas his supporters put forward his role in building the nation, critics focus his in his economic failure and deprivation of individual freedom in Tanzania.
The Effectiveness and Students’ Perceptions on Learning Tenses Through Mind Mapping Technique on Elementary Level at an Education and Training Institute in Indonesia
Authors: Jumrah Nur Alifah Annisa , Azizah Mirah
Published: March 2021

Numerous studies had conducted the use of mind mapping as a technique in teaching and learning English, but relatively few of these studies focused on the effectiveness and students’ perceptions of mind mapping technique in learning tenses on elementary level in a non-formal education institution. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mind mapping technique in learning present tenses and students’ perceptions toward this technique on elementary level students of the English program. 30 students of the English program on elementary level at Aliah Education and Training Institute Makassar took part in the study. Data were collected through pre-test, post-test, observation, questionnaire, and interview and thus used to analyze the results quantitatively and qualitatively using preliminary studies, general mean scores, and percentages of students‘ improvement score. Results of the study showed that the students were really enthusiastic to learn with this technique and the atmosphere of the classroom was more enjoyable. In addition, the students’ ability in using tenses was improved after implementing this technique. In the pre-test, the general mean score of the students was 42.33 and classified as Very Poor. While, the general mean score of the students was 78.92 and classified as Good in the post-test. The students‘ improvement score was increased up to 86.44%. It revealed that mind mapping technique is effective in learning tenses. However, it is suggested that further studies can be conducted with larger data to make it more accurate and applicable.
The Value of Education Character in The Legend Stories of The Ternate Community
Authors: Hi Jamal Agus , Ibrahim Adelina
Published: March 2021

So far, the culture of North Maluku has not been studied or put in order, so the way it is thought that it would be lost to foreign influence, which is particularly strong in the 21st century, needs governments to make an effort to preserve. formal community which is currently the base of civilization, particularly the informal one Rather, really, given the depth of research, local culture will nurture and help to grow the national culture. Therefore, it must be consistently implemented in education, and accomplish national educational objectives due to the integration of local values. However, as this era's cultural significance is erodes, this as an issue that must be researched as a challenge emerges. It's implied that generations still have a concern for the group that must be rooted in the culture so that the next generation has the ability to fulfill the pledge that this ancestral heritage represents inheritize and formalize such as books and journals so that carry the traditions into the future can be passed on to future generations The data used in this analysis, is the source of the original data. The primary data for the study will be taken from this source, which is collected directly and instantly from the source itself. the aim of the goal is for research in Takome is to conclude that: It is anticipated that a production will be obtained, namely to verify the importance of character education in community legends in the city of Ternate, South District For the long-term preservation of publications, we will record their benefits and values in Ternate, and make them available for the generations to come. Compete in local and national events
System of Question Sentence in Tontemboan Language
Authors: Polii Intama Jemy
Published: March 2021

This study aims to describe the question system sentence of Tontemboan language based on its form, propositional function, and the meaning it refers to. This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive design. Based on the results of the research, the form of question sentences in the Tontemboan language can be classified into three types, namely (1) interrogative sentences marked by the use of interrogative words: sapa, sei, kawisya, ambisya, pira, kitu, and kensya, (2) question sentences marked by the use of interrogative intonation, and (3) interrogative sentences marked by the use of question particles re'en and wei. Based on the proposition, Indonesian language question sentences are categorized into: (1) WH-question questions, (2) yes-no questions, and (3) questions commonly called alternatives. The function of the Tontemboan language question sentence, according to the meaning, referred to varied dependence on the form of the question used, question word, intonation, and question particle.
The cello school of Georgy Averyanov: facets of artistry
Authors: Roshchenko Olena
Published: March 2021

Background. Logical bases of the research are conditioned by actuality of the conception of artistic universalism of creative personality and the doctrine of musicological acmeology. Topicality of the research is concretized through the model of solution of the mentioned problems by the way of studying the structure of creative universalism, which is peculiar to George Averyanov, concert performer, musical editor, head of Kharkiv cello school during 1960–1991, first vice-rector (1968–1975) and rector (1975–1991) of Kotlyarevsky Institute of Arts (nowadays Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts). The innovative element of the research consists in attraction of acme-methodology, namely the acmeocentric approach for determination of originality of creative top in life-creativity of G. B. Averyanov. The aim of the research is to determine the facets of artistry and develop the acmeogram of George Averyanov’s performing and pedagogical life-creativity on the basis of application of the acmeocentric approach. The results of the research consist in development of aspects of performance acmeology, ways of application of the acmeocentric approach with the purpose of building an acmeogram of George Averyanov’s life-creativity, determination of facets of his typical cello style of artistry (conditioned by the system of inherent talents in his nature), the rethinking of the achievements of the four cello schools of Ukraine), the introduction of the concept of “cello romanticism” as a stylistic dominant of the performing personality of the Artist. Conclusions. Acmeological methodology works in full measure after the completion of the life-creativity of the individual, when the life-creative arc, traced by the soul and inspired work of the musician, is shaped. When the researcher’s gaze is distanced (detached) from the life-creativity of the “hero”, it becomes possible to construct an acmeogram of the artist’s performance and pedagogical activity. An analysis of Averyanov’s life work has made it possible to establish the facets of his inherent artistry, formed as a result of interaction between his natural giftings, as well as the musical and cultural chronotopes of Ukraine, generalized in his activity; to define the Kharkiv period as an embodiment of the musician’s performing and teaching acme; to present the structure of universalism, characteristic of his creative individuality as a four-component (“four-activity”, according to O. Komenda,2020): hypostases of concert performer, musical editor, pedagogue, musical activist.
Viacheslav Palkin: the road to success (dedicated to the 85th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Bielik-Zolotariova Nataliia
Published: March 2021

Problem statement. One of the most important directions of modern choral studies is the research on the life and creative path of outstanding choirmasters, while understanding their performing experience, pedagogical approaches and taking into account their aesthetic and artistic beliefs. One of the most honorable places among artists is occupied by Viacheslav Palkin (1935–2008), who contributed greatly to the development and prosperity of both, the choral culture of Slobozhanshchyna and Ukraine. The relevance of topic lies in the necessity to study the creative experience of the remarkable choral conductor V. S. Palkin, to understand the contribution of the luminary of the Kharkiv conducting and choral school to the development of national art. Theoretical background includes the articles of O. Batovska (2005), H. Parfonova (2008) and the thesis of H. Savelieva (2012), N. Bielik(2007), which examines Palkin’s pedagogical approaches, his achievements as the head of the Choral Conducting Department of the Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky Institute of Arts, as well as the performing style of the Сhamber Сhoir led by him as an artistic director and choirmaster. Other sources of study embody the materials of the national conference, methodological works and articles by V. S. Palkin collected and published in I. Palkin’s book “Viacheslav Palkin. By the roads of choral art” (2011). The objective of the work is to define a periodization of Palkin’s life and career to identify the stages of his professional growth to the crowning achievements at the height of his creative career. The research methodology lies in the application of the principles of historicism, phenomenological and acmeocentric approaches, biographical method and the method of typological analysis. The periodization of the life and career of the distinguished choral conductor, teacher and educator V. S. Palkin is presented for the first time in art studies. Conclusions. The analysis of V. Palkin’s life and career resulted in the periodization. The following criteria were taken into account: biographical, geographical, evolutionary-performing and age-specific. The first period (1935–1951) covers childhood, the second one (1951–1960) represents his years of education. This period is characterized by his desire to comprehend and embrace all the subtleties of choir conducting. The third stage (1960–1978) is the accumulation of choirmaster, pedagogical, and life experience. The fourth one (1978–2008) is the culmination of the master’s life and career, his finest hour and acme phase, when he created a chamber choir, which reached the highest level of choral art under his leadership. It was established that choirs led by V. Palkin reflect changes in his artistic career path. The four stages reflect the evolution of the artist as a conductorinterpreter, organizer and leader of numerous choral groups, teacher and educator.
Liudmyla Heorhiivna Tsurkan – personality and pedagogue
Authors: Zhuravel-Mazelli Olga
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of vocal pedagogics on the example of creative life of outstanding teacher, professor of the Department of solo singing of Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts Liudmyla Heorhiivna Tsurkan. The goal of an article is to reveal the path of professional growth of L. H. Tsurkan and to systemize her pedagogical principles. The article uses such methods of research as historical, analytical and stylistic. The relevance of the study is due to the lack of generalizing work on the professional development and pedagogical principles of the singer and teacher. Scientific novelty lies in the coverage of previously unknown facts of the biography of L. H. Tsurcan and systematization of its methodological principles. Results for discussion. L. H. Tsurkan is an opera singer who created more than 30 leading images of repertoire for soprano, used her own experience in performance and creative premises in her own pedagogical activity, which she started in 1976 on the Department of Solo signing of Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts. On several examples, the questions of technology, including methodology of development of vocal apparatus, are researched. She combined fundamental principles of Italian, Russian and Ukrainian schools of singing as well as enriched these methods with new skills and ideas, which help young singers to liberate their creativity, and develop their emotional memory and independence of creative search. On some examples principles of singing are analyzed which were given to the students by L. H. Tsurkan. These are low-rib breath, free state of oropharynx. High position is combined with low breath. The power of voice is coordinated with chest and head resonance or with their combination with dominance of one or another on several parts of the voice. It is stressed that while working on technique and right breath, she always bore music in her mind. A breath is a mean of performers expressiveness. Thus, it has to change according to style of the work. Significant role of diction is stressed, which draw a lot of attention of L. H. Tsurkan. Conclusions. Renowned professor and Master of vocal pedagogics, she created experience and methodical devices which are used not only by her former students, but as well by her colleagues and young pedagogues. These are: relentless and inspired work; indefatigable search for ways and methods of correction of problems, and perfection of already achieved skills; constant development, both cultural and intellectual; ability to play musical instruments and knowledge of theory and history of music; ability to speak foreign languages, which gives an opportunity to learn an incredibly wide variety of musical literature. Not only does this all enrich both spiritually and professionally, but also it is a straightforward path to success and more complete realization of personality. The article uses reminiscences of L. H. Tsurkan’s daughter about life of the pedagogue, video-recordings of master-classes and lessons of the Professor.
Representation of the temporal code of the national linguistic culture in the naive (pre-scientific) worldview
Authors:   Nizhyn Mykola Gogol State University, Bondarenko Alla
Published: March 2021

Time is not only a form of matter existence, a fourth coordinate, but also a category of linguistic culture, a phenomenon of a specific conceptual worldview. The present study aims to examine the linguistic and worldview phenomena which have specific linguocultural features, in particular, the temporal code which reveals a system of beliefs about time characteristic for the speakers of the Ukrainian language. The article describes the results of the reconstruction of a temporal fragment from a pre-scientific worldview. The study is based on the semasiological procedure of field modelling as well as etymological, component and syntaxeme analyses. It relies on the knowledge about word origin in the temporal group as well as about phraseological units containing words with the central seme of time and vocabulary characterized by a temporal connotation. The article elucidates two key associative vectors which guide the cognition of the temporal, namely, «time – human» and «time – environment». It provides data which reflect naïve beliefs about physics and psychology of time, coded in the Ukrainian idioms. The author examines the syntaxemic functions within phraseologisms based on temporal vocabulary. The axiological peculiarities of verbal contexts producing temporal semantics have been investigated and their utilitarian, teleological, and emotional evaluations have been described. The article offers arguments in favour of systemic connections between the temporal code of linguistic culture with the biomorphic, the objective and the somatic. The author explains that the words of the temporal group reveal deep etymological associations related to the human and the environment. In some Ukrainian idioms, the vocabulary bulk with the central seme of time is related to beliefs about mythical creatures. Due to this, such vocabulary bulk within the structure of phraseologisms mainly performs the function of the subject of action and the locative. Verbal contexts in which this vocabulary with temporal connotation is employed generate primarily negative utilitarian, teleological, and emotional evaluations. The vocabulary bulk with the semantics of time has no material denotation, and the realization of the temporal code of linguistic culture is systematically linked to the biomorphic, the somatic and the substantive.