bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Treatment of Diaphragm Wall Intrusion-Clearance of Metro Station in Soft Ground
Authors: Wang Pei Xin , Cui Tao , Shi Jing Shan , Dai Ren Ping
Published: October 2011

Based on an engineering example of intrusion-clearance of diaphragm wall, the mechanism and effect factors of intrusion-clearance are discussed by monitoring data and numerical analysis. The research result shows that the deviation of diaphragm wall, bad quality of improved soil and insufficient outward-moving of diaphragm wall cooperatively lead to intrusion-clearance, and the first has a significant effect. Moreover, dewatering of foundation pit also cause deformation of diaphragm wall, which accounts for more than 25% of the deformation during excavation, but usually despised in construction. The improving effect of reinforced soil attributes more to the deformation of diaphragm wall, especially the area closed to diaphragm wall. Some remedies and precautions are also given in this article, which could provide references of design and construction for similar projects.
Simulation of Stochastic Fields of Corrosion Pit Depth by Cosine Trigonometric Series Model
Authors: Xu Shan Hua , Qiu Bin
Published: October 2011

In this work, a method to simulate Stochastic Fields of Corrosion Pit Depth of corrosive steel structure by Cosine Trigonometric Series Model is presented. Moreover, a mathematical proof of Stationarity and Ergodicity of mean and auto-correlation function is given.
Application of Comprehensive Geological Exploration for Engineering Site Option
Authors: Yong Sun
Published: October 2011

In the process of engineering prospective design and constructing, it is necessary to avoid the adverse impact of geological phenomena, such as fault, karst and landslide. Therefore, it’s important to choose a favorable project address by scientific and effective detection with engineering geological conditions. The main exploration method for geological conditions is the geophysical exploration, including: high density electrical method, ground penetrating Radar, seismic exploration method and so on. The discrimination result with a single geological method changes much, and it is difficult to make an accurate analysis of the geological conditions. So we should composite a variety of exploration methods. In this paper, it expounds the fundamental, the working method, data explanations of the high density electrical method and ground penetrating Radar firstly. And then it takes exploration of candidate sites of an aluminum waste disposal plant for example, the geological conditions of candidate sites are analyzed under the two geophysical methods. The study results of engineering site option have a positive role in guiding the work.
Research into the Influence of Dam Material’s Rheology on Stress and Deformation of a High CFRD
Authors: Jiang Ling , Yang Yu Juan , Pan Jia Jun
Published: October 2011

Existing research results have indicated that dam material’s rheology under a high stress state is quite evident. In order to study the influence of dam material’s rheology on the stress and deformation of a CFRD, a nine parameter power series rheology model is adopted to analyze the stress and deformation of a high CFRD considering the dam material’s rheology. Calculation results show that since an obvious increase in dam body’s deformation occurs after considering the rheology characteristics of rock-fills, dam body’s stress tends to relax. Rockfill’s rheology characteristics increases the deflection of a face slab to a certain degree, face slab’s slope and dam’s axial maximum tensile stresses rise somewhat as well. As for a high CFRD that face slabs are placed in stages and water impounds in stages, a proper rheology constitutive model is adopted to correctly simulate rock-fill’s rheology characteristics, and results from this modeling can be used for reference for the determination of dam’s filling schedule and face slab’s staged placing and have important meaning for correctly predicting dam’s stress and deformation.
Comparative Analysis of Reinforcement Programs of System Anchors for Unloading Rock Slope
Authors: Huang Yi Sheng , Zhu Qi Jun , Zhang Li Jun
Published: October 2011

Based on hyperbolic nonlinear elastic constitutive model of unloading rock mass, the anchoring rock mass of excavation spillway of a hydropower station has been taken for the study. And considering the impact of excavation unloading process, three reinforcement programs are compared and analyzed. Overall, the constraint by system anchors on deformation of the spillway slope is limited. If the limit on the slope deformation is higher, pre-stressed cables are necessary.
Analysis on Application of Miniature Pile Pre-Stressed Anchor Cable in Designing Deepen the Deep Foundation Pit
Authors: Duan Wen Sheng , Shi Ming Sheng , Pan Yan Hui
Published: October 2011

Based on the practical deep foundation pit example in Zhengzhou, with the increasing foundation design burying depth, the foundation pit’s is designed to be deepened before foundation ditch support being finished. Comparing the technical risks and controlling the monitoring process, an analytical method which takes the upper supporting structure as gravity retaining wall was proposed. For digging the side slope, we use Miniature pile pre-stressed anchor cable to enhance the lower part of the slope soil, which is a successful completion of the deepen design and construction of the foundation pit. It brings significant economic benefits, and also provides much reference value to the deepen design of the similar foundation pit.
Evaluation of the Dynamic Characteristics of an Extradosed Bridge Using Microwave Interferometer
Authors: Hsu Keng Tsang , Cheng Chia Chi , Yu Chih Peng , Chiang Chih Hung
Published: October 2011

The microwave interferometer used in the present study is capable of multiple-point displacement measurements. In this paper, a general review of the principle and capacity of such an instrument is given. The vertical displacements of the Ai-Lan bridge corresponding to ambient vibration due to traffic loads are remotely monitored . Several modal shapes of the whole bridge are precisely identified by linking the mode shapes of seven sequential measurements.
The Impact of Residential Real Estate Market by Property Tax
Authors: Yang Zhan She , Shan Jing
Published: October 2011

Property tax levying will make a huge impact on residential demand, residential supply, even the whole residential property market. It plays a vital role to the healthy and stable development of the residential property market. Although levying the property tax is very difficulty, it is the inevitable trend of development. In the long run, levying the property tax not only conform to the national interest, but also conducive to development of the real estate and the interests of residence buyer.
Study on the Simplification Way of the Bent Part of the Frame-Bent Structure Using FEM Analysis
Authors: Niu Shuai
Published: October 2011

Frame-bent structure is usually used in the power plants, and in many cases the bent part of it is usually simplified as an articulated bar. To prove the rationality of this simplification, in this paper, two models of one frame-bent structure are built and let them experience earthquake waves from different directions by the mode-superposition response spectrum way, then the shear that each column bears can be calculated .Through the data we get ,the judgment about the rationality of the simplification way can be made
The Study of Optimal Design Method for Safe Monitoring in Tunnel
Authors: Gao Ming Zhong , Ma Hui , Shi Xiang Chao
Published: October 2011

The deformation tendency and order of magnitude for surrounding rock, expressing the state of rock mass, always change the construction schemes and treatment measures. The monitoring is the most important guarantee for safety construction and operation in civil engineering. However, due to the unsuitable monitoring sections and equipments selected, the budget remains stubbornly high. Most of business owners just carry out some of them or even give up the monitoring. This brings enormous hidden trouble to construct. Based on the Doupengshan highway tunnel, the optimal design method for safety monitoring was studied by comprehensive analysis of the geological conditions, the results of numerical modeling and monitoring data. The main aim of monitoring is to obtain the most poor condition information rather than all of them. It’s best to employ different type of monitoring instruments in order to verify results each other. That is to say, the monitoring of internal force or displacement can take the place of the convergence monitoring every two sections. The new monitoring design saves the budget 20% than origin one. The research result will guide the monitoring design for similar engineering.
Seismic Response Reduction of the Hybrid Seismic Isolation System Based on the SMA Rubber Bearing Combined with Magneto Rheological Damper
Authors: Liu Hai Qing , Yan Yao Feng
Published: October 2011

The hybrid seismic isolation system , consisting of the SMA strands-laminate rubber bearing combined with magneto rheological damper ,was explored, for the sake of improving seismic isolation efect of the SMA strands-laminate rubber bearing under great earthquake ，especially when level shear deformation of SMA rubber bearing is bigger(D>0.55d) ．So does its mechanical model. In this paper，we compare the SMA strands-laminate rubber bearing with the hybrid seismic isolation system. Simulation analysis results indicate that the hybrid seismic isolation system is able to achieve both low interstory drift and acceleration and,at the same lime，limit the base displacement．The security of isolated structure was improved largely.
Research the Excavation Angle Affect on Seismic Dynamic Response of Slope
Authors: A Fa You , Kong Ji Ming , Ni Zhen Qiang
Published: October 2011

Based on the concentrated deformation and destruction characteristics of excavation damage slopes in Wenchuan earthquake，as granite the media of excavation damage slope for the finite element model. In 45° slope as the natural slope，the excavation damage effect and seismic dynamic response of different excavation angle have been studied under the excavation high is certain condition, it’s include natural slopes, excavation angle 56°, 72° and 90°. Analysis shows that excavation damage not only themselves destroyed the stress balance of slopes, but also impact on the seismic dynamic response of slopes, and the seismic dynamic stress, displacement and acceleration increased with the increase of slope angle. It’s not conducive to the stability of slope and the results coincides with the investigation conclusion that Wenchuan earthquake mountain disaster outbreak in the terrain mutation site. And the analysis also shows that slow excavation angle is an important measure to improve the seismic performance of the slope.
Research on an Integrated DTA Modeling with Elastic Demand Based on Probit Model and Algorithm
Authors: Shi Lei , Gao Li
Published: October 2011

DTA modeling is first presented by Daganzo and Sheffi aiming at building up model to descript the traffic assignment in terms of practical application., their work lays the foundation of SUE (Stochastic User Equilibrium) modeling. This paper makes a brief review of Probit model, a integrated model based on Probit model with elastic traffic demand is presented by using SUE method, the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the model is dicussed, the solution to the model is presented. Finally, a case study is presented.
Passive Cooling Method of Architecture Design in Shenzhen
Authors: Wang Hai Yun , Shi Jing
Published: October 2011

In this essay, the cooling method design was discussed from the perspective of architecture design using passive design based on the climate and geological environment of Shenzhen city. It concluded that shading and natural ventilation should be the major cooling method for this area, and design recommendations were put forward based on analysis from the perspective of plan layout, shape design, space form and detailed construction design.
The Study of Energy-Saving Strategies for Building under the Background of New Countryside Construction
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Yong Peng
Published: October 2011

It has already beocme a common understanding that renewable energy should be fully untilized under the background of the new countryside construction. Due to its merits and special features, superficial thermal energy has attracted great concern from the society. Its utilization is also supported by the governement. In our study, we choose a community in Xixiang county as our resrearch subject. In this community, ground source heat pump technology is adopted to utilize superficial thermal energy.Hopefully, our study will play an active role in exploring new measures for saving energy and reducing emission in the countryside.
On the Continuation of Architectural Context and the Integration of Surrounding Environment-Taking the Examples of Fujian Province
Authors: Xu Cong Huai , Xu Shu Chen , Li Li Sha , Fan Hai Qiang
Published: October 2011

In this article, we explore the relation between the continuation of the architectural context and the integration of the surrounding environment. First, we suggest that the local context should not be lost in the process of urbanization. Then we present Fujian San-fang Qi-xiang, Changting,Wufu Town as case analysis. Also we combine a number of success examples at home and abroad. We eventually come to the conclusion that the continuation of context should promote with the surrounding environment.
Utilization and Research on Medium-Enthalpy and Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Energy in WSHP System
Authors: Zhang Yi , Guo Dong Ming , Liu Da
Published: October 2011

Geothermal energy is a stable energy, stored underground and not influenced by the geographical, seasonal weather and the change of day and night. Medium-enthalpy and low-enthalpy geothermal energy are distributed in many areas of China, having a broad prospect for development. Taking water resources heat pump (WSHP) engineering in Tianqiao District as an example, medium-enthalpy and low-enthalpy geothermal energy is combined with the technology of aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES), providing cold energy in summer and warm energy in winter for the buildings. On the base of analysis of hydrogeological conditions in Tianqiao District, the temperature field of energy storage aquifers is numerically analyzed in the period of heating and cooling. The results show that the energy storage well can meet the requirement of heating and cooling conditions. The system of WSHP greatly utilizes medium-enthalpy and low-enthalpy geothermal energy, making the running costs economical.
Attentions for the Design and Application of on-Off Valve Regulation and Household Heat Allocation Technique
Authors: Xia Guo Qiang , Qi Cheng Ying , Sun Chun Hua , Yang Hua , Yan Bing Hong
Published: October 2011

As a new kind of heat metering and controlling system for central heating system, on-off ratio; on-off valve regulation and household heat allocation technique had been recognized by the scholars recently because of its low cost, simple control process, convenient construction and so on. In China, on-off ratio; on-off valve regulation and household heat allocation technique had been written in “Technical specification for heat metering of district heating system” as a heat metering and controlling system for central heating system and had been applied in some district heating system in China. However, there were some calculated errors if on-off ratio was adopted directly by experiments comparing modified heat metering. There would be a difficulty in charge if ignoring these errors. Due to the circumstance, the applied research of on-off heat metering was carried out in some communities. The measures which on-off ratio was relevantly modified were proposed to improve the heat metering accuracy. On this basis, the method of hourly apportion was put forward to eliminate the adverse effects which the supply/back water temperature had an influence on apportion in different time. By comparison, the accuracy of hourly apportion has a significant improvement compared to accumulate apportion. The preliminary optimized design scheme was acquired to determine the appropriate location of main heat meter according to different cases, and it was significative to optimize the on-off valve regulation and household heat allocation technique. Several problems were found by field information analysis, and the corresponding solutions were obtained by a huge universe of consolidated data and summarize experience. In addition, a few design gists were proposed in the application process of on-off ratio; on-off valve regulation and household heat allocation technique application based on research data.
Temperature Field and Refrigeration Output of Thermoelectric Arm
Authors: Zhang Yi , Yang Huan
Published: October 2011

Temperature field in thermoelectric arm and refrigeration output equation of a thermoelectric cooler was investigated by theoretical and experimental methods. Temperature differences between hot side and cold side were measured. Experimental data were used to prove the peak of the temperature parabola is located at hot side. The terms in refrigeration output equation can’t be explained as heat conducted from hot side to cold side and half of Joule heat respectively.
Development and Application of the Control Technology for VAV Air-Conditioning System
Authors: Yang Shi Zhong , Ren Qing Chang , Li Xia
Published: October 2011

The variable air volume (VAV) air-conditioning system with its superior energy saving effect has been applied in many developed countries, also drawn more and more attention in China. Due to the characteristics of VAV air-conditioning system are nonlinear, large time lag, strong coupling, multi-variable and multi-disturbance, the control complexity of the VAV system increase greatly. The energy conservation and comfort of the VAV air-conditioning system can not fully been embodied in application. The research on the VAV system has become the hot spot in the science and technology workers, many new methods and strategies have emerged. From the three aspects: the air system, the water system and the large scale system, the paper describes the control strategies, the control methods and the research progress about the VAV air-conditioning system.
Experimental Research of Operation Performance of the Capillary Radiant Air-Conditioning Terminal Integrated with DC Variable Speed New Air Unit
Authors: Chen Jian Bo , Cheng Fei , Li Fen
Published: October 2011

By means of experiment, the author analyzed the operation performance of the capillary radiant air-conditioning terminal integrated with DC variable speed new air unit. The results show that the operation mode that the capillary radiant air-conditioning terminal running combined with DC variable speed new air unit not only avoid the disadvantages of the capillary radiant air-conditioning such as temperature dropping slowly, condensation of moisture under hot and humid conditions during the cooling season, but also effectively overcome the problem that the cooling ability of the radiation surface is low caused by avoiding condensation, and the system can also take the moisture load indoor away as well as achieve the purpose of dehumidification. Besides, using the heat storage capacity of the capillary radiant air-conditioning terminal, controlling water- system of capillary radiant air-conditioning terminal to open and close appropriately can achieve the goal of energy saving.
Analysis on the Influence of Thermocompression on Exhaust Air Volume of Shared Residential Lampblack Exhaust System
Authors: Wang Yue Ren , Luo Si Jia
Published: October 2011

From the view of impedance, this article calculates the exhaust air volume of the smoke exhaust ventilator of the kitchen on each floor when opens individually comprehensively using CFD-FLUENT numerical simulation, origin data fitting and fluid mechanics theory calculation method, which chooses some 50-square meter rooms in a 20-floor building in Shenyang as the research object. This article then certifies the influence of thermocompression on the exhaust air volume of the kitchen on each floor of high-rise apartment building and summarizes the changing regularity of the exhaust air volume. Finally, the author draws a reasonable analysis method which could be used for calculating exhaust air volume of the kitchen on each floor under the condition of high operating rate.
Design of a Composite Cold and Heat Source System of Air Conditioning Based on Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP)
Authors: Yu Ying
Published: October 2011

For the air conditioning system of a modern building, the paper proposes a design method of composite cold and heat sources system based on the ground source heat pump. The author describes the design principle of this system, the design of ground heat exchanger system and the control of soil heat pump system etc. Through the actual measurement, this design greatly reduces power consumption and can be used as references for future applications.
Numerical Study of the Flow over a Two-Dimensional Car Model
Authors: Wei Wen Li , Zhang Pei , Liu Ming Qin
Published: October 2011

A numerical study of the flow over a two-dimensional car model in proximity to the ground is presented. The numerical method is based on a pressure-correction algorithm of the SIMPLE-type．A multigrid technique based on the full approximation storage (FAS) scheme is employed to accelerate the numerical convergence, while as a turbulence model the standard κ-ε model with wall functions is used. The numerical results for the u and v velocity ,as well as for the pressure distribution over the car surface are obtained．
Comparison and Selection of HVAC Schemes for Weihai Baidu City
Authors: Wu Yan Peng , Xia Hai Shan
Published: October 2011

The second phase of Weihai Baidu City project plans to become a three-star certificated program which is labled by China’s enviromental building evaluation. Heating and ventilated air conditioning program is one of the most important aspects in evaluation of energy saving. Feasibility study on GSHP, GWHP, air-source heat pump, seawater source heat pump were carried out, it’s confirmed that the most energy-saving and reliable way is that using municipal pipe networks for heating in winter and using split air conditioning or multi-connected air-conditioning system in summer. Summer air-conditioning adopts the new idea “part of time, part of space", representative the latest concept of energy efficiency in buildings in China.
Comparative Studies on Central Heating by Different Heat Sources
Authors: Yan Qiu Hui , Li Ning , Zhang Liang
Published: October 2011

The central heating model of a residential area in the suburb of Xi’an city was established to make a comparative study on central heating by different heat sources (natural gas boiler, coal boiler and biomass boiler). In the study, the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was used to compare the central heating method with different heat sources from the aspects of economy and environmental impact. The results showed that, with the prerequisite of biomass boiler technology’s further advancement, developing biomass boiler heating technology on a large scale was feasible considering biomass’s social benefit and its characteristics of low pollution, large reserves and renewable.
Research on the Water and Energy Consumption of Vacuflush Sanitation System in Building
Authors: Xiong Jia Qing , Fang Li Li , Guo Pei , Wang Xiao Chang C.
Published: October 2011

Sustainability challenges us to reflect on sanitation system reform is more accounted of water efficiency. Designed a suit of building vacuflush sanitation system on the basis of vacuum suction principle，analyzed of water and energy consumption based on simulation experiments using simulated stool. Comparison of water and energy consumption of vacuflush sanitation system and conventional gravity sanitation system in the difference, revealing water and energy consumption of the vacuflush sanitation system is less than the conventional gravity sanitation system. The result shows that vacuflush sanitation system in urban construction and urban partial area have promotion value on the economy, environmental protection and resource utilization.
Low-Temperature Domestication of an Iron and Manganese Oxidizing Bacteria
Authors: Tang Yu Lan , Wu Wei Bin , He Ya Ting , Fu Jin Xiang , Wang Xiao Lan
Published: October 2011

Abstract.One superior iron and manganese bacteria were separated from the stable operation of porcelain granular BAF filters of removing iron, manganese and ammonia. The bacteria was domesticated at low temperature. By analyzing the sample water containing iron and manganese in the role of iron and manganese bacteria which was not domesticated and domesticated at different temperature, observing the Iron and manganese concentration with time going on, studying the bacteria’s removal of iron and manganese property and the domesticated effect. Studies show that: the selected bacteria with 1% bacterial liquid at proper temperature within 48h ,the removal rate of iron and manganese was 75% and 35% respectively;After domesticated at low temperature, the removal rate of the iron and manganese domesticated bacteria at 10°C was improved 0.4 and 2 times more than the before domesticated; The iron and manganese domesticated bacteria at 10°C did not grow at 4°C,but the bacteria’s removal rate was better than the bacteria cultured at 30°C,and the iron removal rate was improved from 23% to 35%,the manganese removal rate was improved from 5% to 11%.
Stability Analysis of Nano-Sized Titanium Dioxide in Aqueous Environment
Authors: Yang Xiao Nan , Cui Fu Yi , Mu Xiao Ying , Zhao Zhi Wei
Published: October 2011

Nano-sized titanium dioxide in aquatic environment poses potential impact on environment and human health. In this research, the impact of pH value, humic acid (HA) and divalent cations (Ca2+) on the stability of titanium dioxide nanoparticles(NPs) in the aqueous enviorment was investigated using a batch test. The results showed that the particle size of TiO2 NPs was not sensitive to the pH value but presented inversely proportional to zeta potential. The TiO2 NPs become more stable along with surface zeta potential, accompany with small particle size and high dispersion. In the presence of HA, the particle size was smaller and TiO2 NPs could be stabilized. This might be synergistic effect of the ligand exchange and electrostatic force. Meanwhile, NPs particle size increased with the addition of Ca2+ and the stability of TiO2 NPs became decreased.
The Analysis of Combined Prediction Model of Building Energy Consumption with Grey Theory and RBF Neural Network
Authors: Bai Yan , Ren Qing Chang , Jiang Hong Mei
Published: October 2011

A kind of new combined modeling method with GM(1,1) and RBNN (Radial Basis Neural Network) is brought forward, according to the idea that the method of neural network can bring grey prediction model a good modified effect. Based on the analysis of the energy consumption data of the existing and the annually-increased building area, the GM(1,1) model was then constructed. And the RBF neural network was used for the model residual error revising. The simulation and experiment results show that the novel model is more effective than the common grey model.
The Study on the Correlation between Removal Rate of Pollutants and its Influencing Factors in Xinxue River Constructed Wetland of China
Authors: Miao Qun , Wang Chao , Cao Xiao Jie , Gu Yu Ting , Sun Jing Jing
Published: October 2011

Based on the monitoring data of February~December 2009 from Xinxue River Constructed Wetland, the regression analysis theory was used to establish mathematical models to determine the correlationship among the removal rate of pollutants, pollutant concentration, water temperature and influent water inflow, and optimize the operation parameters of the wetland. The multivariate linear regression equation was established with Statistical analysis software (SPSS). According to the correlation coefficient of the equation: the NH3-N removal has a significant positive correlation with water temperature, and a significant negative correlation with influent flow, total nitrogen removal has a significant positive correlation with water temperature, COD removal has a significant positive correlation with COD influent concentration. In addition, veracity of the model was also checked by contrasting the measured and analog data of March~June 2010 from the wetland. The results show that this model has a desired effect to estimate the removal rate and effluent concentration of COD and NH3-N, but undesirable to total nitrogen.
Synthesis and Application of Novel Heavy Metal Ions Chelator
Authors: Liu Zhuan Nian , Song Ye Jing , Han Xiao Gang
Published: October 2011

Polyacrylamide-urea-sulfanilamide(PUS) was prepared as a novel heavy metal ions chelator and successfully used to simultaneously remove heavy metals from wastewater effluents. The effects of reaction parameters (sodium hydroxide, material ratio, temperature and contact time) were monitored to specify the best synthesis conditions. PUS was chemically characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The simultaneous chelation performance of PUS towards selected heavy metals ions, nickel, copper, lead, cadmium and zinc, was discussed, and Ni2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ can be chelated better especially, indicating that the synthesized PUS is a potential remediation material when used for the treatment of wastewater containing metal ions.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO Nanorods
Authors: Yang Li Yun , Feng Gui Peng , Zhang Yong Cai
Published: October 2011

ZnO2 nanorods were synthesized via hydrothermal treatment of 2ZnCO3•3Zn(OH)2 powder in 30 mass% H2O2 aqueous solution at 170 °C for 12 h, and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra. Besides, the photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized ZnO2 nanorods was tested for the degradation of methyl orange in distilled water under UV light irradiation.
Condition Optimization of Dissolved Air Flotation-Filter and Mechanism Research
Authors: Li Ying , Zhang Ke Feng , Li Mei
Published: October 2011

DAFF’s treatment effect on Yellow River reservoir water under different reflux ratios is studied in this paper. Determination of indicators are turbidity、CODMn、NH4+-N、UV254、particle counter and unconventional indicators, such as biomass、TOC、olfactory threshold and smell of factors. The best reflux ratio is 14%; The average value of NH4+-N、CODMn 、UV254、and turbidity of carbon-sand filter’s outlet is 0.125、1.61mg/L、0.033cm-1 and 0.21NTU, accordingly, the average removal rates are 58.64 %、40.44 %、27.96 % and 90.26 %; The micro-organisms in filter material are mainly existed in the upper layer of activated carbon filter; The micro-organisms provide carbon-sand filter beneficial conditions for its biological degradation effect.
Research on Characteristics Recognition of Organic Matter in Yellow River Reservoir Water
Authors: Liu Jian Guang , Feng Meng Meng , Zhang Yan Hao , Li Kai , Liu Hui
Published: October 2011

Six water samples from different Yellow River reservoirs in Shandong were selected. The molecular weight distribution and type of organic matter were determined by using ultrafiltration, adsorption experiments and active bio-sand determination methods. The results show that the proportions of TOC and UV254Subscript text in different molecular weight intervals and the type of organic matter are different. But the proportion of adsorbable dissolved organic matter is the largest, which is more than 80%.In addition, the proportion of biodegradable organic matter (BDOC) is little, so the biodegradability of the raw water is not high.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Al-40Si Alloy Modified by Sr Addition
Authors: An Wei Ke , Cai An Hui , Tan Xiang Fu , Li Xiao Song , Luo Yun
Published: October 2011

The Al-40Si alloy modified by 1.0 wt% Sr addition was heat-treated using L9(34) orthogonal test. The mechanical properties were measured. The microstructures were analyzed using optical microscope. After heat treatment, the hardness decreases about one times. The eutectic matrix and primary Si phase are both refined. The primary Si phase is refined and homogeneously distributes in the matrix with the solution temperature and time increasing. The optimal heat treatment condition is that the solution temperature, solution time, aging temperature, and aging time are 550 °C, 18 hours, 200 °C, and 5 hours, respectively. In addition, the theoretical optimal value for the hardness is 20.6 HRC, which is coherent with the practical optimal value.
Traffic Accidents Prediction Using Improved Grey-Markov Model
Authors: Chen Kuan Min , Xie Lai Fa , Xiang Wen Sen
Published: October 2011

Considering the grey feature of traffic accident occurrence, grey model optimized by least-square theory is introduced to prejudge the future trend of traffic accident. To improve the prediction precision of this model, an amendment factor of boundary value and Markov chain are proposed and the numerical application proves the effectiveness of this Grey –Markov predict model.
Simple Formulate for Distortional Buckling Load of Liffed Channel Aluminium Alloy Members under Axial Force
Authors: Jiang Li Zhong , Zhou Wang Bao , Luo Yao
Published: October 2011

Aluminium alloy members under axial force have broad application in structural field. Owing to low elastic modulus, aluminium alloy members are easier buckling than steel members. Based on the reasonable and equivalent calculation model and the related calculation formulas of rotational restraint stiffness kφ, lateral restraint stiffness kx, and distortional buckling critical half-wave length λ that provided by lipped channel web plate to flange under longitudinal distribution stress, the distortional buckling load calculation formula of the lipped channel is derived combining the thin-walled bar buckling theory in elastic medium. The distortional buckling loads and distortional buckling critical half-wave lengths at the different wall thickness have been calculated using the calculation formulas of this paper, and the results have been comparatived with the finite strip method. The comparison results show that: the average ratio of caculation results from formulas of this paper and results from CUFSM is 0.997and0.971 respectively,the corresponding variance is 2.9*10-5and 7.5*10-5. So the calculation results of this paper is in good agreement with the finite strip software, the calculation formula of this paper has enough calculation precision and good stability. At the same time, the calculation results of this paper is more concise than calculation formula for the same type, easy to be applied, may be used in practical applications and taken account into design codes and guidelines.
Numerical Simulation for Dynamic Response of EPS Geofoam Seismic Buffers
Authors: Wang Yi Min , Li Huan , Zhang Hui
Published: October 2011

Numerical simulation for dynamic response of EPS geofoam seismic buffers placed behind the rigid retaining walls was carried out with the Fast Lagrangian Analysis for Continuum method (FLAC) .The considerations of setting boundary condition of the numerical model, inputting and correcting the dynamic time series of seismic acceleration, and selecting the proper damping were discussed. The coincidence relations of compression-time for EPS geofoam buffers and the horizontal soil pressure -time for retaining wall were numerically calculated by using the proposed model. The calculating results were compared with the physical testing results. The comparisons showed that there were good agreements between the numerical data and the measured data. The numerical results indicate that EPS panels placed between the rigid retaining wall and the backfill soil have a good effect on reducing horizontal earth force during shaking acceleration and can act as seismic buffers against earthquake. The FLAC model provides a feasible way to analyze the dynamic response of EPS geofoam seismic buffers for further researches.
Influence of Ship Traffic Rules in Y-Type Fairway Intersection Water on Port Service Level
Authors: Wang Wen Yuan , Guo Zi Jian , Tang Guo Lei , Song Xiang Qun
Published: October 2011

The increase of ships crossing encounter in the intersection water of bidirectional navigation Y-fairway (YF) seriously decreases the port service level. So it is necessary to study the ship traffic rules in YF intersection water to improve this phenomenon. This paper first analyzes the ship navigation characteristics in YF intersection water. Then a simulation model for ship sailing operation system of YF is built to study the influence of different traffic rules on port service level. Traffic rules separately are First Come First Serve (FCFS), Larger Ship Priority (LSP) and Ship Leaving Port Priority (SLPP). Finally, a case study is introduced to analyze the influence of each rule on port service level. The results show that traffic rules have little effect on port service level for smaller scale ports. But LSP maintains higher port service level with the increase of port scale, while SLPP reveals obvious advantage if port scale continues increasing. And the advantage of SLPP is more and more obvious with the increase of port scale.
Performance Comparison of Dense Frequency Identifications for Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Zheng Min , Shen Fan
Published: October 2011

Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD) suffers some difficulties in separating dense frequencies. The Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) and Singular-Value Decomposition (SVD) as signal preprocessors were used to decompose a simulated signal with dense frequency components and the performances of two signal preprocess technologies were compared in this paper. The results show that Singular-Value Decomposition (SVD) as preprocessor was better in separating dense frequencies than Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT).
Comparison of Near-Fault Effect Considered in Seismic Design Codes for Building
Authors: Zhou Jing , Fang Xiao Dan
Published: October 2011

This paper compares the provisions of near-fault effect factors considered in the representative design codes in the world. It is found that the different codes carry out different near-fault effect values. Chinese, American, and New Zealand seismic design codes clearly present the near-fault effect factors, and Chinese seismic design code relatively presents the smallest near-fault effect values among the three codes. While Japanese code accounts for near-fault effect using empirical method and strong motion evaluation employing earthquake source model. The consideration of the near-fault effects in European Standard is the simplest among the five codes.
Earthquake-Induced Economic Loss Estimation of a Reinforced Concrete Office Building in Kunming
Authors: Tan Ting , Yang Hong , Yan Zhi Miao , Bai Shao Liang
Published: October 2011

Economic loss estimation is one of the important compositions of performance-based assessment methodology. Component-based economic loss estimation method is used to assess the expected economic losses of an office building in the high earthquake hazard city of China—Kunming. The analysis result shows that the loss situation of the building in Kunming is generally tolerable.
Least Square Method to Calibrate Seismic Design Response Spectrum
Authors: Guo Xiao Yun , Bo Jing Shan , Li Ping , Zhang Yu Dong
Published: October 2011

Seismic design response spectrum is the basis of structure seismic design. Calibration of seismic design response spectrum is the main chain of structures’ seismic input determination. This paper proposes a new method of calibrating seismic design response spectrum. Based on summarizing the main form of calibrated seismic design response spectrum, which is related to the determination of the characteristic parameters of response spectrum, this paper advances least square fitting method based on coordinate transformation, and by comparing different calibrating methods, points out that least square fitting method is a simple and logical calibrating method.
3-D Granular Simulation on the Process of Slope Failure and Collapse
Authors: Yang Bing , Yang Jun
Published: October 2011

Landslides induced by many reasons had resulted in heavy casualties and property losses. Therefore, the research on the failure process of the slope and its final accumulation state is necessary. In this paper, three-dimensional particle flow model is established in PFC3D to simulate the slope failure process, triggered by gravity and seismic load respectively, and the final accumulation state. The landslide movement passing valleys of different shapes are studied and compared. The results show that the shape of valley section has great influence for both load cases.
2x2 Optical Switch Based on Silicon-on-Insulator Microring Resonator
Authors: Mardiana B. , Abdul Razak Hanim , Hazura H. , Shaari S. , Menon P. Susthitha , Abdullah Huda , Arsad N.
Published: October 2011

In near future, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microring resonator are expected to be basic components for wavelength filtering and switching due to their compact size and wide free spectral range (FSR). In this paper, a 2X2 optical switch by using active microring resonator is proposed. The switch is consists of second order serially cascaded microring coupled to a pair of waveguide. The ON/OFF state of the design is control by electric signal which will vary the refractive index. The device is design to operate at 1.55µm wavelength. With a 500nm x 200nm rib dimensions, the design is proven to have single mode behaviour. Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method simulation by RSOFT software is use to characterize the device performance. The results show that the 2X2 optical switch proposed can be an efficient device to be functioning in WDM application.
Electric Motor Fault Analysis Based on Windowed-Zeropadded FFT
Authors: Treetrong Juggrapong
Published: October 2011

This paper proposes a new method for motor fault analysis. Windowed-Zeropadded FFT is applied as a signal processing method. The method is based on both windowing and zero-padding of the signal. The expectation is that the method can provide harmonic amplitude more visible for the purpose of motor fault analysis. The method is tested on 3 different motor conditions: healthy, stator fault, and rotor fault motor at full load condition. The method can provide more visible harmonic amplitudes than other methods, because it can eliminate the leakages and provide smoother plotting. Thus, it can help improve accuracy of motor condition classification and the prediction of the fault severity levels.
A New Method of Electric Motor Fault Detection Based on Bi-Spectrum of Eliminated Signals
Authors: Treetrong Juggrapong
Published: October 2011

This paper proposes a new method of motor fault detection by applying the eliminated-signal as data sources for motor fault analysis. Bi-spectrum is used as a key method for processing the signal. The expectation is that the eliminated-signal may contain information for fault analysis. The spectrum and bi-spectrum of the signal are applied as signal processing methods to analyze the motor faults. The method is tested on 3 different motor conditions: healthy, stator fault, and rotor fault motor at full load condition. Based on experiments, the method can differentiate conditions clearly. They seem also to be able to measure fault severity levels by observing the change in among harmonic amplitudes.
Depression of Self-Excited Pressure Oscillations and Noise in the Pilot Stage of a Hydraulic Jet-Pipe Servo-Valve Using Magnetic Fluids
Authors: Li Song Jing , Peng Jing Hui , Zhang Sheng Zhuo , Mchenya Jacob M.
Published: October 2011

Magnetic fluid (MF) shows an increased saturation magnetization when exposed to a magnetic field. In order to improve the quality of servo-valve products by depressing and overcoming the self-excited high-frequency pressure oscillations and noise appearing in pilot stage of a hydraulic servo-valve, application of magnetic fluid in a hydraulic servo-valve is developed in this paper. Large damping can be introduced by the magnetic fluids into the servo-valve if magnetic fluids are filled into the working gaps of the hydraulic servo-valve torque motor. After the construction and working principle of a hydraulic servo-valve with magnetic fluids are introduced, the high-frequency pressure oscillation signals are tested and recorded when magnetic fluids are applied or not in the servo-valve. Experimental results are compared and analyzed by using FFT analysis method. It is shown that pressure oscillations of the servo-valve are depressed when magnetic fluids are applied.
Effect of Cu and Co Additions on Corrosion Behavior of NiTi Alloys for Orthodontic Applications
Authors: Phukaoluan A. , Khantachawana Anak , Dechkunakorn S. , Anuwongnukroh N. , Santiwong P. , Kajornchaiyakul Julathep
Published: October 2011

The aim of this study is to investigate effect of Cu and Co additions on corrosion behavior of NiTi shape memory alloys for orthodontic application. Ni50.6Ti49.4, Ti49Ni46Cu5 and Ti50Ni47Co3 (at%) alloys were prepared. The specimens were melted by arc-melting furnace and homogenized at 800oC for 3.6 ks. Transformation temperatures were analyzed by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The corrosion behavior was assessed electrochemically in artificial saliva (pH 5.35) at 37oC. Open circuit potential (OCP) was monitored 3.6 ks followed by potentiodynamic techniques. The results show that all of specimens revealed transformation temperature close to oral temperature which may be utilized as orthodontic wire. Surface roughness was measured in order to ensure that there is no significant difference which might affect corrosion resistance. It is seen that by adding Co and Cu into NiTi alloys, the corrosion potential (Ecorr) and pitting corrosion potential (Ebreak) increase resulting in lower corrosion rate. Conceivably, Co and Cu additions considerable affect the corrosion behavior of NiTi alloys by improving corrosion resistance in artificial saliva.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Crack Initiation of Aluminum under Tensile Deformation
Authors: Bian Gui Xue , Chen Yue Liang , Hu Jian Jun , Xu Li
Published: October 2011

Molecular dynamics simulation was used to simulate the tension process of purity and containing impurity metal aluminum. Elastic constants of purity and containing impurity metal aluminum were calculated, and the effects of impurity on the elastic constants were also studied. The results show that O-Al bond and Al-Al bond near oxygen atoms could be the sites of crack nucleation or growth under tensile load, the method can be extended to research mechanical properties of other metals and alloys structures.
Hot Isostatic Pressing of Large Bore, Stainless Steel Pipework for a Safety Critical Application
Authors: Sulley John L. , Bull Brian K. , Wood Andrew C.
Published: October 2011

This paper presents an overview of the work undertaken by Rolls-Royce to introduce Hot Isostatically Pressed (HIP) large bore, austenitic stainless steel pipework into a safety critical application - a Nuclear Reactor plant. It describes the advantages of using HIP product forms to combine separate sections of straight pipe and elbows and, in so doing, reducing the number of structural plant welds.
Behavior of FRP Sandwich Panels under Synergistic Effects of Low Temperature and Cyclic Loading II: Results and Discussion
Authors: Du Bai Song , Ma Zhong Guo , Luo Ling
Published: October 2011

The companion paper presents experimental results and numerical simulation methods to illustrate the behavior of FRP sandwich panels under synergistic effects of low temperature and cyclic loading. This paper aims at verifying the proposed simulation methods and providing several examples of its application to FRP sandwich panels. In this regard, four categories were simulated including: perfect bonding, microcracks, debonding Case I, and debonding Case II. Each category contained six ABAQUS models with two types of loads, thermal loads and applied mechanical loads. Results showed that microcracking would lower the stiffness of the panel, but not as much as debonding between the core and the face sheets.