bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement report: The effects of SECA regulations on the atmospheric SO2 concentrations in the Baltic Sea, based on long-term observations on the Finnish island, Utö
Authors: Maragkidou Androniki , Grönholm Tiia , Rautiainen Laura , Nikmo Juha , Jalkanen Jukka-Pekka , Mäkelä Timo , Anttila Timo , Laakso Lauri , Kukkonen Jaakko
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The designation of the Baltic Sea as a sulfur emission control area (SECA) in May 2006, with subsequent tightening of regulations in 2010 and 2015, has reduced the sulfuric emission from shipping traffic. This study assesses the impacts of SECA on observed SO2 concentrations by providing a long-term analysis of 1 min time-resolution air quality data from 2006 to 2020 on Utö (an island in the Baltic Sea) supported by the predictions from the Ship Traffic Emissions Assessment Model (STEAM). Additionally, 1 h resolution data from 2003 to 2005 are utilized to investigate changes due to the SECA limits set in 2006. The observed SO2 concentrations on Utö have continuously decreased since 2003 due to an overall decrease in SO2 emissions in northern Europe, combined with reduced emissions from shipping traffic due to SECA regulations. The 3-year average SO2 concentration dropped from pre-SECA (2003–2005) to post-SECA (2007–2009, 2011–2013, 2016–2018) periods by 38 %, 39 %, and 67 %, respectively. No clear trends were observed in the concentrations of other measured pollutants. Furthermore, we investigated wind-direction-resolved SO2 concentrations for 2 selected years (2014 and 2019), and the results showed a significant decrease in high-SO2-concentration shipping plumes due to the implementation of SECA in 2015. Our study brings out the importance of long-term, high-time-resolution air quality observations at a remote marine research station by providing means for both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the impacts of regulatory environmental legislation.
Simultaneous measurement of greenhouse gases (CH4, CO2 and N2O) using a simplified gas chromatography system
Authors: Bucha Michał , Lewicka-Szczebak Dominika , Wójtowicz Piotr
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This article presents a simple method for determining greenhouse gases (CH4, CO2 and N2O) using an alternative new set-up of the chromatographic system. The novelty of the presented method is the application of a Carboxen 1010 PLOT capillary column for separation of trace gases – CH4, CO2 and N2O – from air samples and their detection using a barrier discharge ionisation detector (BID). Simultaneously, a parallel molecular sieve column RT-Msieve 5A connected to a thermal conductivity detector (TCD) allowed the determination of CH4, N2 and O2 concentrations from 0.2 % to 100 %. The system was equipped with an autosampler transferring the samples without air contamination thanks to a vacuum pump and inert gas flushing. Method validation was performed using commercial gas standards and comparative measurement of CO2, CH4 and N2O concentrations applying cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). A 3 d continuous measurement series of greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in ambient air and tests of typical vial sample measurements with increased GHG concentrations were performed. The advantage of this method is that the system is easy to set up and allows for simultaneous detection and analysis of the main GHGs using one gas chromatography (GC) column and one detector, thereby omitting the need for an electron capture detector (ECD) containing radiogenic components for N2O analysis and a flame ionisation detector (FID) with a methaniser for low-concentration CO2 samples. The simplification of the system reduces analytical costs, facilitates instrument maintenance and improves measurement robustness.
ScintPi measurements of low-latitude ionospheric irregularity drifts using the spaced-receiver technique and SBAS signals
Authors: Gomez Socola Josemaria , Rodrigues Fabiano S. , Wright Isaac G. , Paulino Igo , Buriti Ricardo
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Previous efforts have used pairs of closely spaced specialized receivers to measure Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals and to estimate ionospheric irregularity drifts. The relatively high cost associated with commercial GNSS-based ionospheric receivers has somewhat limited their deployment and the estimation of ionospheric drifts. The development of an alternative, low-cost, GNSS-based scintillation monitor (ScintPi) motivated us to investigate the possibility of using it to overcome this limitation. ScintPi monitors can observe signals from geostationary satellites, which can greatly simplify the estimation of the drifts. We present the results of an experiment to evaluate the use of ScintPi 3.0 to estimate ionospheric irregularity drifts. The experiment consisted of two ScintPi 3.0 deployed in Campina Grande, Brazil (7.213° S, 35.907° W; dip latitude ∼ 14° S). The monitors were spaced at a distance of 140 m in the magnetic east–west direction and targeted the estimation of the zonal drifts associated with scintillation-causing equatorial spread F (ESF) irregularities. Routine observations throughout an entire ESF season (September 2022–April 2023) were made as part of the experiment. We focused on the results of irregularity drifts derived from geostationary satellite signals. The results show that the local time variation in the estimated irregularity zonal drifts is in good agreement with previous measurements and with the expected behavior of the background zonal plasma drifts. Our results also reveal a seasonal trend in the irregularity zonal drifts. The trend follows the seasonal behavior of the zonal component of the thermospheric neutral winds as predicted by the Horizontal Wind Model (HMW14). This is explained by the fact that low-latitude ionospheric F-region plasma drifts are controlled, in great part, by Pedersen-conductivity-weighted flux-tube-integrated zonal neutral winds. The results confirm that ScintPi has the potential to contribute to new, cost-effective measurements of ionospheric irregularity drifts, in addition to scintillation and total electron content. Furthermore, the results indicate that these new ScintPi measurements can provide insight into ionosphere–thermosphere coupling.
Linking biogenic high-temperature ice nucleating particles in Arctic soils and streams to their microbial producers
Authors: Jensen Lasse Z. , Simonsen Julie K. , Pastor Ada , Pearce Christof , Nørnberg Per , Lund-Hansen Lars Chresten , Finster Kai , Šantl-Temkiv Tina
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Aerosols, including biological aerosols, exert a significant influence on cloud formation, influencing the global climate through their effects on radiative balance and precipitation. The Arctic region features persistent mixed-phase clouds, which are impacted by ice nucleating particles (INPs) that modulate the phase transitions within clouds, affecting their lifetime and impacting the region's climate. An increasing number of studies document that Arctic soils harbor numerous biogenic INPs (bioINPs), but these have yet to be linked to their microbial producers. In addition, the transfer of bioINPs from soils into freshwater and marine systems has not been quantified. This study aimed to address these open questions by analyzing soil and freshwater samples from northeast Greenland to determine the microbial composition along with the INP concentrations and size distributions. We found that soils contained between 3.19×104 and 1.55×106 INP g−1 soil, which was on the lower side of what has previously been reported for active-layer soils. The composition of INPs varied widely across locations and could have originated from bacterial and fungal sources. We detected Mortierella, a fungal genus known to produce ice nucleating proteins, at nearly all locations. Spearman correlations between soil taxa and INP concentrations pointed at lichenized fungi as a possible contributor to soil INP. Additionally, based on the INP size distribution, we suggest that soil INPs were bound to soil particles or microbial membranes at some locations, while other locations showed a variety of soluble INPs with different molecular sizes. In streams, INP concentrations were comparable to what has previously been measured in streams from temperate regions. Interestingly, stream INP concentrations showed a positive association with soil INP concentrations. The potential release and aerosolization of these bioINPs into the atmosphere – whether directly from the soil, from streams into which they are washed, or from the oceans where they might be transported – could impact cloud formation and precipitation patterns in the Arctic. This research contributes valuable knowledge to the understanding of microbial communities and the potential microbial producers of highly active bioINPs in Arctic soils and their connectivity with Arctic streams.
Improving wheat phenology and yield forecasting with a deep learning-enhanced WOFOST model under extreme weather conditions
Authors: Zheng Jinhui , Yu Le , Du Zhenrong , Xiao Liujun
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Extreme weather events pose significant challenges to crop production, making their assessment essential for developing effective climate adaptation strategies. Process-based crop models are valuable for evaluating climate change impacts on crop yields but often struggle to simulate the effects of extreme weather accurately. To fill this knowledge gap, this study introduces WOFOST-EW model, an enhanced version of the World Food Studies Simulation Model (WOFOST), which integrates extreme weather indices and deep learning algorithm to improve simulations of winter wheat growth under extreme conditions. We validate WOFOST-EW using phenological, yield, and extreme weather data from agricultural meteorological stations in the North China Plain. The results show that WOFOST-EW improves simulation accuracy, with heading and maturity dates predicted more accurately by 10.64 % and 12.86 %, respectively. The R² value for yield simulations increases from 0.67 to 0.76. Validation during extreme weather years (2008 and 2018) further highlights the model's improved performance, with the R² increasing from 0.69 to 0.79 in 2008 and from 0.61 to 0.80 in 2018, respectively. WOFOST-EW effectively captures the impacts of extreme weather, offering a reliable tool for agricultural planning and climate adaptation. As extreme weather events become increasingly frequent, WOFOST-EW can assist decision-makers in more accurately evaluating crop yields, providing technical support for agricultural systems in the context of global climate change.
Technical note: Measurements of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in seawater (Filter blanks, pore sizes, and storage)
Authors: Seo Junhyeong , Han Heejun , Kim Intae , Kim Guebuem
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) provides crucial information regarding the sources and characteristics of DOM in oceans. However, the FDOM measurements vary depending on filter blanks, pore sizes, and sample storage. To develop more reliable methods for FDOM measurements, in this study, we examined the uncertainties associated with different preparation methods for seawater samples. These samples identified three primary components using parallel factor analyses: terrestrial humic-like peak (C peak), marine humic-like peak (M peak), and protein-like peak (T peak). Relatively high procedural blank values were obtained from samples filtered through the pre-combusted glass fiber filter (0.7 μm pore size) and membrane filter (0.2 μm pore size) without pre-cleaning. However, the blank values became negligible when the filter was pre-washed with 5 mL of 0.1 M HCl or 20 mL of distilled water. The effects of different filter pore sizes were not observed for the C and M peak concentrations (FDOMH), but relatively low T peak values were observed for filtered samples (0.7 or 0.2 μm) relative to unfiltered samples. For all samples, FDOMH showed consistent results for 21 days (8 % ± 3 %) when stored in a refrigerator or a freezer. However, T peak concentration decreased rapidly in both filtered (15 %–50 %) and unfiltered samples (10 %–40 %) after five days, indicating considerable bacterial degradation of protein-like components within three days. Therefore, our results suggest that reliable FDOMH values can be obtained either unfiltered and filtered samples stored in either a refrigerator or freezer for three weeks, but careful sample filtration, storage, blank controls are necessary for T peak measurements.
Tectonic controls on the formation and evolution of internally drained systems in the western Betics fold-and-thrust belt (S Spain)
Authors: Jiménez-Bonilla Alejandro , Díaz-Azpiroz Manuel , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Miguel , Balanyá Juan Carlos , Yanes José Luís , Expósito Inmaculada
Published: February 2025

Abstract. We analyse the drainage network in a depressed area within the western Betics fold-and-thrust belt (southern Spain) to investigate the Atlantic-Mediterranean water divide evolution after the Messinian Salinity Crisis (last 5 My). To do that, we made a hydro – geomorphic evaluation of streams and endorheic basins together with a detailed field-based analyses of post-Serravallian structural features. Results from the analysis of stream profiles and the application of SLk and χ indexes showed that Mediterranean streams present a higher incision capacity than Atlantic streams, tributaries of the Guadalquivir river. Moreover, several rivers captures of Atlantic river watersheds and of endorheic basins have been described and quantified. Although the Atlantic-Mediterranean water divide will probably move NW-ward, endorheic basins will still endure, hosted in a depressed area located between two active transpressive zones (the Algonales-Badolatosa and Torcal shear zones). Our results confirm that active tectonics have reshaped the area more intensively than previously considered, and that this modification had significant hydrological implications.
The need for fission-track data transparency and sharing
Authors: Tamer Murat T. , Chung Ling , Ketcham Richard A. , Gleadow Andrew J. W.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. We report a new image-based inter-analyst study to investigate apatite fission-track grain selection and analysis by 13 participants from an image dataset that included grains of variable quality. Results suggest that participants with less experience selected a higher percentage of unsuitable grains, while participants from the same laboratories generally provided similar results. Less analytical experience may result in the rejection of suitable grains or the inclusion of unsuitable ones. While inappropriate omission and inclusion can both bias results, the latter is more pernicious due to the standard practice of achieving a pre-decided number of analyses; particularly in difficult samples, there is a danger of “compromising data quality” and integrity by weakening selection criteria. Juxtaposing selected regions of interest (ROIs) on the same grains indicates that zoned grains and grains with inclusions and defects yield varying track density estimates, indicating that ROI placement can be an influential factor. We hereby propose the development of image data repositories for the purpose of achieving global data transparency. In this repository, images and analyses can be accessed, reviewed, and reanalyzed. In addition, we propose the implementation of global guidance for fission-track analysis, digital teaching modules, and open science. We also point out the need for new approaches to zeta calibration that include consideration of grain quality, methods of uranium determination, and etching protocols.
Compound winter low-wind and cold events impacting the French electricity system: observed evolution and role of large-scale circulation
Authors: Collet François , Bador Margot , Boé Julien , Dubus Laurent , Jourdier Bénédicte
Published: February 2025

Abstract. To reach climate mitigation goals, the share of wind power in electricity production is set to increase substantially in France. In winter, low-wind days are challenging for the electricity system when compounded with cold days that are associated with peak electricity demand. The scope of this study is to characterize the evolution of compound low-wind and cold events in winter over the 1950–2022 period in France. Compound events are identified at the daily scale using a bottom-up approach based on two indices relevant to the French energy sector, derived from temperature and wind observations. The frequency of compound events shows high interannual variability, with some winters having no event and others having up to 13. Over the 1950–2022 period, the frequency of compound events decreased, which is likely due to a decrease in the frequency of cold days. Based on a k-means unsupervised classification technique, four weather types are identified, highlighting the diversity of synoptic situations that lead to the occurrence of compound events. The weather type associated with the highest frequency of compound events presents pronounced positive mean sea-level pressure anomalies over Iceland and negative anomalies west of Portugal, limiting the entrance of the westerlies and inducing a north-easterly flow that brings cold air over France and Europe generally. We further show that the atmospheric circulation and its internal variability likely play a role in the observed reduction in cold days, suggesting that this negative trend may not be entirely driven by anthropogenic forcings. However, it is more difficult to reach a conclusion on the role of the atmospheric circulation in the observed decrease in compound events.
Modeling seismic hazard and landslide occurrence probabilities in northwestern Yunnan, China: exploring complex fault systems with multi-segment rupturing in a block rotational tectonic zone
Authors: Cheng Jia , Xu Chong , Xu Xiwei , Zhang Shimin , Zhu Pengyu
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The northwestern Yunnan region, located on the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, is characterized by a combination of ductile flow of the lower crust with low shear-wave velocity and gravitational collapse, giving rise to a complex network of active faults. This presents significant seismic hazards, particularly due to the potential for multi-segment ruptures and resulting landslides. This article presents a new seismic hazard model for the northwestern Yunnan region, incorporating recent findings on fault geometry and slip rates along with historical seismicity rates to assess multi-segment rupturing risks. Among the four potential multi-segment rupture combination models examined, Model 1, characterized by multi-segment rupture combinations on single faults, particularly fracturing the Zhongdian fault, is proposed as the most suitable for the northwestern Yunnan region, given that the non-mainshock slip ratios on fault segments are all below the 30 %–40 % threshold, as supported by the agreement of modeled seismicity rates with fault slip rates. Our analysis demonstrates that the peak ground acceleration (PGA) for a mean return period of 475 years, which is calculated with the developed probabilistic seismic hazard model, has a strong correlation with the spatial distribution of the faults. On average, these values are higher than the PGA given by the China Seismic Ground Motion Parameters Zonation Map. Furthermore, we utilized PGA values with the Bayesian probability method and a machine learning model to predict landslide occurrence probabilities as a function of our PGA distribution map. Our findings underscore that the observed combinations of multi-segment ruptures and their associated behaviors were in alignment with the small block rotation triggered by the gravitational collapse of the Tibetan Plateau. This result highlights the intricate interplay between multi-segment rupturing hazards and regional geological dynamics while also providing valuable guidance for disaster preparedness efforts.
«ԼԵԶՎԱԲԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՆԵՐԱԾՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ» ԱՌԱՐԿԱՅԻ ԲՈՎԱՆԴԱԿԱՅԻՆ ՇԵՇՏԱԴՐՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ՓՈՓՈԽՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԱՆՀՐԱԺԵՇՏՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆՅԱՆ ԲՈՒՀԱԿԱՆ ՄԻՋԱՎԱՅՐՈՒՄ / THE NEED FOR A CHANGE IN THE CONTENT EMPHASIS OF THE SUBJECT "INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICS" IN THE ARMENIAN ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: AYVAZYAN ANDRANIK
Published: February 2025

The basis for this article was our personal experience of teaching "Introduction to Linguistics" at Brusov State University and inquiries arising from the need for systemic change. The main goal is: - to present the prerequisites for the need for changes in the content of the "Introduction to Linguistics" subject in the Armenian university environment. As well as - to outline the possible steps, the implementation of which can make the delivery of lectures more effective, stimulate interest in the subject and make the perspective of the linguist's professional activity more obvious to students.
ՉԻՆԱՑԻ ՈՒՍԱՆՈՂՆԵՐԻՆ ՀԱՅԵՐԵՆ ԴԱՍԱՎԱՆԴԵԼՈՒ ՈՐՈՇ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ՄԱՍԻՆ / ABOUT SOME FEATURES OF TEACHING THE ARMENIAN LANGUAGE TO CHINESE STUDENTS
Authors: Knyazyan Meri
Published: February 2025

The article discusses some features of teaching the Armenian language at Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU) in China. Special attention is paid to existing problems and their impact on the educational process. One of the most pronounced problems is the lack of educational and methodological literature in Chinese. The article also explicates those features of the educational process that specialists involved in teaching the Armenian language to Chinese students are recommended to pay priority attention to.
Gender Disparities in Sentence Discourses for Parental Figures Convicted of Severe Violence Against Minors in Their Care in Portugal
Authors: Cabral João , Martin Aragón Maria del Mar , Castro Rodrigues Andreia
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to scrutinize court discourses in cases of severe violence by parental figures against minors. Studies on gender differences in judicial settings have revealed that women may be either protected or demonized, as framed by the chivalry hypothesis, familial paternalism, and the double deviance/evil woman hypothesis. This study analyzed 66 judicial sentences involving parental figures (i.e., fathers/stepfathers and mothers/stepmothers) who committed extreme violence against minors. Using Braun and Clarke’s (2012) thematic analysis, we found three main themes: Description of the Act, Courts' Justifications, and Aggravating Factors. Findings revealed that maternal figures received more mentions of mitigating circumstances, psychological state, and motivations for committing their crime, but were more harshly punished and criticized, supporting the evil woman hypothesis. In a field lacking ample data, this study offers crucial findings that warrant discussion for contextualizing and guiding future research.
Questionner le « technococon » avec Alain Damasio
Authors: Premat Christophe
Published: February 2025

Cet article explore le concept de « technococon » développé par Alain Damasio dans Vallée du silicium (2024), une œuvre où se croisent critique technologique, fiction dystopique et réflexion postmoderne. En analysant la relation entre intelligence artificielle et aliénation humaine, Damasio décrit un univers de « cocons » numériques façonnés par la Silicon Valley, qui enferment l’individu dans une bulle hyperindividualiste, privant les relations humaines de toute dimension physique ou incarnée. S’appuyant sur des penseurs tels que Jean Baudrillard et Gilles Deleuze, cet essai postmoderne met en évidence la manière dont la technologie exerce une emprise quasi-mystique sur la société, incarnant un nouveau métarécit qui oppose l’efficacité numérique à l’épanouissement humain. À travers une immersion critique, Damasio invite à déjouer ce piège technologique et à résister au cyber-arraisonnement de nos existences. L’article propose ainsi de lire Vallée du silicium comme un appel à revitaliser les liens sociaux, en valorisant une éthique technocritique capable de réaffirmer le pouvoir de l’humain face à l’omniprésence des interfaces numériques.
Gestão de dados de saúde
Authors: Ferré Felipe
Published: February 2025

Este e-book apresenta o Microcurso Gestão de Dados de Saúde. A prática do profissional da saúde está cada vez mais associada ao uso de sistemas de informação. O volume de dados coletados e armazenados cresce exponencialmente, mas a capacidade humana em analisar e tomar decisão informada não amplia na mesma medida. A tecnologia não substitui o profissional da saúde, mas profissionais que a instrumentalizam podem substituir aqueles que não lidam bem com novos métodos mediados por informação. Suge assim, o gestor de dados em saúde, capaz de organizar grandes volumes de dados e gerar valor informacional, reorientando o sistema de saúde para profissionais e usuários atuarem de forma mais inteligente e preditiva. A Tecnologia da Informação (TI) é um instrumento e fonte de novos conhecimentos científicos da área da saúde e sua falha implica em prejuízos à saúde individual e coletiva, sendo tanto atividade meio para as demais, quanto atividade fim. O programa do Microcurso abrange marcos conceituais básicos de como manter dados e apoiar a decisão, cuja gestão viabiliza informar e comunicar diferentes atores e comunidades. Os conhecimentos são aplicados tanto no nível de Sistemas de Saúde Nacionais quanto em estabelecimentos operados pela lógica de mercado. Com o Microcurso o profissional da saúde terá elementos para trabalhar em equipes e, até mesmo, liderar. O gestor não necessariamente é aquele que constrói linhas de código-fonte e algoritmos. Porém, o conhecimento de noções básicas de bancos de dados e tecnologias inteligentes, bem como do vocabulário, é necessário para a integração com a equipe de TI. Ao conhecer os componentes básicos da gestão de dados em saúde, o profissional terá elementos para escolher sua área de atuação, evoluir na carreira e se especializar cada vez mais.
Evaluación de la resistencia puesta a tierra en la industria minera del Perú
Authors: Millan Montalvo Fabrizio Armando , Manzano Condori Kevin Anderson , Garcia Rayo Estefany Gabriela , Palacios Rivera Franck Kervy
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de la puesta a tierra en la industria minera en las regiones del Perú. El enfoque utilizado toma en cuenta los factores regionales y las normativas nacionales e internacionales para comprobar la resistencia, resistividad y para la correcta instalación de la puesta a tierra. Para llevar a cabo la evaluación se utiliza una metodología, que incluye mediciones de resistividad y de resistencia de la PAT según la IEEE 81-2012, además de medidas de la PAT puntos geográficos para llevar a cabo un análisis comparativo. Los resultados obtenidos permiten comprender las características de esta y cómo se relacionan con la naturaleza del suelo utilizado, lo que es de gran utilidad para mejorar la seguridad de un SPAT en la industria minera.  Para realizar la investigación presente sobre la resistencia de la puesta a tierra, se siguieron normas y estándares nacionales e internacionales, tales como: el Código Nacional de Electricidad, Utilización y Suministro; la IEEE-80: 2010; la IEEEE-81: 2012 y regulaciones establecidas por las autoridades competentes de la mano con el aporte de los profesionales expertos. En conclusión, el análisis y la evaluación de la PAT en aplicaciones para la minería muestran que la resistividad del suelo, resistencia eléctrica del suelo y la ubicación geográfica afectan significativamente la eficacia de la puesta a tierra. Por lo tanto, es importante seguir las normas, estándares y regulaciones establecidas para garantizar una correcta instalación y su ejecución en todo momento de un SPAT.
Geriatric Affective Symptoms In A Case Report: Bipolarity or Dementia?
Authors: Çiçek İsmet Esra , Meydan Mert
Published: February 2025

Bipolar disorder and dementia are two independent and unrelated diagnostic groups. Some commonalities in the pathophysiological processes of bipolar disorders and dementia have recently been described in the literature. However, this link has not been adequately evaluated at the clinical level, as affective dysregulation in the elderly has typically tended to be attributed to an emotional and behavioral complication secondary to dementia. Here, a 89-year-old male patient, who applied to our outpatient clinic with manic symptomatology, was not diagnosed with bipolar disorder before, and was diagnosed with bipolar type VI as a result of clinical evaluation, whose manic symptoms started with the addition of antidepressants while his follow-up and treatment continued with the diagnosis of dementia, is presented and discussed.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of V/P Scintigraphy in Pulmonary Embolism and Superiority of V/P SPECT to V/P Planar Scintigraphy
Authors: Demirtaş Şenlik Semra , Uçmak Gülin , Demirel Büşra , Efetürk Hülya , Öztürk İpek , Fidan Aykut Kürşat , Güneş Figen
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of planar V/P scintigraphy and V/P single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in patients who referred to our clinic for V/P scintigraphy with prediagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE), as well as to investigate the contribution of V/P SPECT technique to planar V/P technique.
Material and Method: The records of 204 patients, who were preliminarily diagnosed with PE within 1 year, were retrospectively reviewed. In our investigation of the diagnostic accuracy of V/P scintigraphy in for PE, we excluded three patients who only underwent perfusion scintigraphy and 20 patients whose final diagnoses could not be confirmed. This left a total of 181 patients included in the statistical analysis. Furthermore, we evaluated the contribution of SPECT to planar imaging in 48 patients, for whom V/P Scintigraphy were reported as positive and whose final diagnoses confirmed PE.
Results: The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and accuracy rate of V/P SPECT were calculated as 98%, 94.7%, 99.2%, 87.3%, and 95.6%, respectively. For planar scintigraphy, they were found to be 71.4%, 95.4%, 90%, 85.3%, and 88.9%, respectively. In SPECT, 13 (27.1%) patients who were not compatible with pulmonary embolism (PE) on planar imaging were found to have findings consistent with PE. In nine patients (18.8%), additional defects not observed on planar imaging were identified. Although the goodness of fit with the final diagnosis of both methods was statistically significant, SPECT (95.6%) performed better than planar (88.9%) imaging.
Conclusion: Consistent with previous studies, it was found that while both imaging methods were successful, SPECT demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy than planar scintigraphy in diagnosing PE. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that V/P scintigraphy can be safely deemed the first-choice in the diagnosis of PE.
Comments on “The Effect of Thyroid Nodule Size and Characteristics on the Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy and the Risk of Malignancy”
Authors: Şenoymak Mustafa Can
Published: February 2025

Abstract is not required for a letter to the editor.
Primacía y agenda mediática de X: la memoria histórica como detonante de una controversia social
Authors: Chomón Serna José María , Moreno Gallo Miguel Ángel , Chicharro Merayo Mar
Published: February 2025

El 26 de julio de 2023, el presidente de la Indicación Geográfica Protegida (IGP) Morcilla de Burgos, Roberto da Silva, declaró en una pequeña emisora local de Burgos que las exhumaciones de represaliados de la Guerra Civil las promovían los familiares para cobrar “400 euritos”. X se convirtió en plataforma de denuncia y catalizador del cese del presidente de la IGP. La investigación demuestra, mediante un estudio de caso y análisis principalmente cuantitativo, el papel de X en la primacía de influencia social, la importancia de los pequeños líderes de opinión para iniciar el debate, el impacto cuantitativo de cuentas corporativas, la fijación de agenda, la quiebra de la verticalidad comunicacional y la verificación de la comunicación en dos pasos.
La organización de eventos inclusivos como técnica de relaciones públicas: aspectos a considerar en la asistencia a eventos de públicos con trastornos del espectro autista
Authors: Sánchez-Hervás David , Hernández-Martínez Salvador , Martínez-Sánchez Jesús
Published: February 2025

Esta investigación se centra en determinar los aspectos que dificultan que las personas con trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) puedan asistir y tomar parte en la organización de eventos. A pesar de los avances en los últimos años en cuestiones como la diversidad y la responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC), trastornos físicos y mentales como el TEA son todavía poco reconocidos por las organizaciones europeas, en general, y de las españolas, en particular, a la hora de planificar sus acciones de comunicación y relaciones públicas, entre las que podríamos citar la organización de actos y eventos. Esta investigación profundiza en este ámbito, centrándose en los aspectos que las organizaciones deberían modificar para facilitar alcanzar esta meta. Para ello, se ha establecido un doble objetivo: por un lado, se pretende identificar las dificultades a las que se enfrentan las personas con TEA para acceder y participar en un evento, y, por otro, trata de realizar una propuesta para la realización de eventos inclusivos para personas con este diagnóstico. Con el fin de dar respuesta a estos objetivos, se ha diseñado un estudio descriptivo transversal, en el que, a partir de una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de las asociaciones de autismo a nivel nacional, se realizó un cuestionario a familias de personas con TEA. En paralelo, también se ha realizado una entrevista en profundidad semiestructurada con un experto en la materia para contrastar los resultados del cuestionario.
Developing Coastal Eco-tourism in Developing Countries through Big Data
Authors: Hengky SH
Published: February 2025

Accuracy of information and timeliness are essential in tourism management. This study explores the role of big data in supporting coastal ecotourism performance, which in this mixed mode study involves two expert discussion groups. We derived the themes for discussion and analysis from relevant literature. A total of 485 questionnaires were distributed and analysed using SAS Contextual Analysis 15.1. the results show that Big Data has the potential to benefit both tourists and stakeholders by providing quick and accurate access to information. However, the management, storage, and retrieval of big data pose challenges due to its vast and continuously expanding volume. Dealing with such massive amounts of data can be arduous. Big data can be used by both government and tour operators to manage and develop coastal ecotourism activities with minimal environmental impact. Tourists can access trend data on coastal tourism. This includes both general and ecotourism’ -based information to plan visits and businesses that meet market demand. This study identifies the factors that contribute to creating value from big data and explores their impact on positive service encounter in marketing intelligence within business ecosystems.
Gender Responsive Budgeting for women’s empowerment: A collaborative engagement in Malarani Rural Municipality, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Anushiya , Acharya Sushant , Banjade Mani Ram , Pradhan Meeta S. , Basnet Salu
Published: February 2025

Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB) is a strategic approach to integrating a gender perspective into the planning process and promoting gender equity and equality. The Government of Nepal endorsed GRB in 2007/2008 and made it mandatory. Accordingly, local governments have sought to undertake gender-responsive planning. However, studies show they lack a robust assessment of gender-based needs and have faced challenges in adopting GRB. To address this issue, we adopted a co-production approach where researchers and Malarani Rural Municipality in the Arghakhanchi district of western Nepal, jointly assessed the municipal plan and worked collectively to understand and revisit the gender responsive activities and plans. In this article, we provide details of this co-production process. Drawing on our engagement and the subsequent uptake of GRB in this rural municipality, we emphasise the importance of enhancing local capacity to self-assess their development policies and plans through a gender lens and ensure GRB for gender-balanced local planning processes. We conclude that although GRB is not a panacea to gender inequalities, it can ease access to resources for addressing gender disparities and promoting women’s empowerment through inclusive planning processes, especially at the municipality level.
Entre la frontera nacional y transnacional. La expansión del banano en Costa Rica en el contexto de su comoditización (1899-1930)
Authors: Montero Mora Andrea
Published: February 2025

El artículo analiza el crecimiento del cultivo del banano en Costa Rica durante el primer ciclo bananero (1899-1930), enfocándose en la expansión de la frontera del banano en el contexto de la comoditización de la fruta. Se destaca la importancia de los denuncios de terrenos baldíos y la influencia de la United Fruit Company en la producción de banano en la región Caribe costarricense. Se presta especial atención a la conformación de la división político-administrativa de Limón por parte de los gobiernos liberales. Asimismo, se enfatiza en el establecimiento de los Distritos Agrícolas dentro de la División de Limón, espacio diseñado por la United Fruit Company para impulsar el cultivo comercial en gran escala del banano.
Land Structure in Colonial Portuguese America: The village of Campinas/ São Paulo in the light of the expansion of the sugar frontier (1790-1818)
Authors: Nicolette Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2025

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la estructura de la propiedad de la tierra en Campinas (Brasil) al final de la expansión de su economía azucarera, subrayando la influencia de la frontera azucarera, conceptualizada por Jason W. Moore. El estudio emplea registros históricos de tierras y datos económicos desde 1790 hasta 1818 para examinar la concentración de la propiedad de la tierra y sus implicaciones socioeconómicas. La hipótesis sostiene que la expansión de la industria azucarera condujo a una concentración significativa de tierras en manos de unas pocas élites. Los resultados muestran que, efectivamente, la introducción del cultivo de caña de azúcar provocó un aumento considerable en la concentración de la tierra y en las jerarquías sociales. Esta investigación contribuye a la comprensión de los impactos locales de la expansión capitalista global y abre nuevas vías para estudios adicionales sobre las transformaciones ecológicas y las desigualdades socioeconómicas en contextos históricos y contemporáneos.
“La tierra para quien la merece”: la reforma agraria en Chile y la meritocracia del Instituto de Educación Rural (1954-1970)
Authors: Salém Vasconcelos Joana
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se argumenta que el Instituto de Educación Rural (IER) fue una institución decisiva en la reforma agraria chilena, actuando sobre sus rumbos con una estrategia político-pedagógica. Desde 1954, estaba presente cotidianamente en las bases del campesinado, ofreciéndole educación formal y capacitación técnica certificada. Así, el IER construyó una red de confianza político-pedagógica entre sectores populares del campo, vocalizando su subjetividad y sus valores, pero también ejerciendo el poder de ampliar oportunidades para obtención de una parcela. El argumento principal es que el IER funcionó como “institución-nexo” entre los campesinos y la política nacional, tejiendo una moral económica formada por tres componentes: el sacrificio, la meritocracia y el cooperativismo. Sin embargo, el cooperativismo socialcristiano convivió con el rechazo mordaz al comunismo y la declarada simpatía de Estados Unidos. Las fuentes utilizadas fueron la revista Surco y Semilla, la Revista de Educación, los archivos de los Ministerios de Agricultura y de Educación, junto con entrevistas.
Machine Learning for Cyber Defense: A Comparative Analysis of Supervised and Unsupervised Learning Approaches
Authors: Sadaram Gangadhar , Routhu KishanKumar , Velaga Vasu , Boppana Suneel Babu , Katnapally Niharika , Sakuru Manikanth
Published: February 2025

Machine Learning presents itself as a game changer within the domain of cyber defense, but a systematic review of literature denotes that research effort is largely skewed towards a supervised learning approach. This paper will extend and add value to the literature by filling this gap and investigating the supervised and unsupervised learning approaches within this disciplinary context. By using a clustering algorithm to group research articles, and association rule mining to further understand those groupings, a comparative analysis of both approaches is provided. The results indicate that, despite supervised learning’s dominance, the use of unsupervised algorithms has seen a rapid ascent over recent years. Moreover, it also shows that unsupervised learning is more focused on data or information gathering and identification, stemming from event logs, alerts or white and dark data. In this study, several implications and recommendations have been evaluated in order to more effectively combat cyber security threats.

Machine Learning (ML) and its subsets have gained rapid momentum in cyber security research and play crucial roles in maturing data. To understand emerging threat vectors and security domains, ML algorithms are employed to codify the threat behavior exploitation. Despite the various applications, research initiatives into cyber security and the different machine learning algorithms used to revolutionize the understanding of data and the approach of intelligent decisions associated with the data are discussed. This mode of research exposes a noteworthy observation of a slight comparative evolution of the body of knowledge when it comes to supervised or unsupervised methods in this critical domain. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation is presented of previous studies and methodologies. To consolidate these results, a meta-analytical process is scaled. This analysis breaks down the existing research by defining the applied learning algorithms. In addition, the most extensively used algorithm is elucidated to indicate trends and analysis that are revealing about the innovative application and KDD processes in the context of cyber security.
Aesthetics Survival and Morality in Githa Hariharan’s Novel When Dreams Travel
Authors: Ranjini R. , Muthuraman Dr. K.
Published: February 2025

In her book When Dreams Travel, Githa Hariharan, the 1993 Commonwealth Writers Prize winner for Fiction, examines important narratively-related topics. The narrator skillfully combines Scheherazade, also known as Shahrzad of the Arabian Nights, into a lively and creative tale about a game that is always played: the pursuit of power and love. Two ambitious brides, sisters Shahrzad and Dunyazad, who aspire to be heroines or martyrs, live between the Sultan, who desires a virgin every night, and his brother, who has tasted the bitter taste of betrayed love. The story, which unfolds with all the grandeur of a contemporary myth, examines a number of topics, including the crises inherent in the act of narratives itself and the fallibility of narrative. It discusses ethical issues and the role that aesthetics plays in ethics. All of the aforementioned topics will be covered in my paper as I attempt to investigate the boundaries of meaning in extreme acts of narrative, like Shahrzad’s instance, and how these affect ethical and aesthetic concerns in tales.
O CONTINGENCIAMENTO E O DESFINANCIAMENTO DA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR: UM ESTUDO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS (2011- 2022)
Authors: Ferreira Valéria Gouveia do Carmo , Dutra Mesquita Maria Cristina das Graças
Published: February 2025

Este artigo resulta de pesquisa que objetivou avaliar o processo do contingenciamento de recursos ocorridos na Universidade Federal de Goiás, tendo como desdobramento o desfinanciamento de recursos públicos no marco temporal de 2011 a 2022. Por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e empírica, analisamos as fragilidades das políticas públicas educacionais no que se refere aos recursos financeiros para a efetivação de suas ações. O estudo relacionou fatores sociais, políticos e econômicos, na observação dos aspectos do contingenciamento, tendo como principal fator o desfinanciamento de recursos, ocorridos durante o período do estudo. A compreensão dos casos gerais do contingenciamento é crucial para desenvolver soluções mais eficazes para os desafios enfrentados pelo sistema educacional, e esta análise contribui para compreender as implicações sociais e econômicas mais amplas. Os dados orçamentários e financeiros foram obtidos pelo Sistema Integrado de Planejamento e Orçamento (SIOP), os quais foram analisados considerando o contexto histórico. Os resultados revelaram que o contingenciamento de recursos para a educação superior, no período investigado, enquanto prática de uma política governamental de redução de gastos, levaram ao desfinanciamento da educação superior nos anos seguintes, evidenciando a contradição da busca da qualidade da educação superior pública e da função social das universidades.
A ESCOLA NA SOCIOEDUCAÇÃO: ESTRUTURA E FUNCIONAMENTO
Authors: Fernandes Maria Nilvane , Trejos-Castillo Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

A pesquisa discute a oferta da educação escolar como direito de adolescentes, com idade de até 17 anos, no âmbito das políticas de Socioeducação e possui como objetivo analisar como tem sido organizada a educação escolar para esse grupo de adolescentes quando em privação de liberdade. As fontes compõem o repositório do Grupo de Estudos, Pesquisa e Extensão sobre Políticas, Educação, Violências e Instituições (GEPPEvi) e foram selecionadas a partir de um único critério: a coleta de informações nacionais sobre o número de adolescentes com recorte nos dados da educação escolar. A análise concluiu que, no período de 1990 a 2010, as instituições de atendimento socioeducativo realizavam uma oferta escolar precária; que os levantamentos realizados não possuíam informações suficientes que permitissem uma coleta qualificada dos dados; que, no percurso de 20 anos, apenas quatro documentos traçaram um perfil escolar desse grupo, mas as coletas nem sempre permitiram identificar de maneira adequada esse perfil. Ademais, as informações coletadas divergem em relação à organização do sistema de ensino no Brasil. Assim, o modelo escolar adotado de maneira concreta foi uma espécie de gambiarra da política educacional vigente, no que tange à gestão, ao espaço físico, ao currículo, à carga horária mínima, à operacionalização da matrícula e ao acesso ao material pedagógico. Nesse aspecto, a escola da privação de liberdade servia mais como uma atividade ocupacional para os adolescentes do que como uma atividade escolar no sentido qualificado que damos ao termo.
UMA ANÁLISE DOCUMENTAL DO CADERNO PRÁTICAS DE TRATAMENTO PENAL NAS UNIDADES PENAIS DO PARANÁ: INTERFACE COM O ENUNCIADO RESSOCIALIZADOR
Authors: Costa Marta Cossetin
Published: February 2025

Este artigo objetiva refletir as recomendações quanto as práticas assistenciais em unidades penais a partir do Caderno Práticas de Tratamento Penal nas Unidades Penais do Paraná, especialmente nas instituições de privação de liberdade do estado do Paraná. Essa reflexão é realizada por meio de pesquisa documental, no Caderno Práticas de Tratamento Penal nas Unidades Penais do Paraná em interlocução com a literatura. Como resultado do estudo, pode-se dizer que o supra referido material expressa uma perspectiva de ressocialização das pessoas privadas de liberdade por meio das assistências, com ênfase, na tríade: trabalho, educação e saúde. O enunciado dessa ressocialização está centrado nas condutas e nos méritos individuais do sujeito, o que acaba por dissimular o cunho disciplinador e adaptador ao trabalho e à exploração impostas pela prisão às pessoas privadas de liberdade. Destaca-se que as relações nacionais e internacionais influenciam nas orientações preconizadas no Caderno investigado.