bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Reduced Dietary Crude Protein with Balanced Limiting Amino Acids on Egg Weight and Reproductive Performance of Swarnadhara Layers
Authors: Joseph Beena C. , . Jayanaik , Nagaraja C. S.
Published: May 2017

A study was conducted in Swarnadhara (SD) layers to find out the effect of reducing crude protein
(CP) with supplementation of limiting amino acids to compensate the deficiency of CP. Egg weight
and reproductive parameters such as fertility, hatchability, number of saleable chicks and day one
old chick weight were studied in 240 SD layers in a completely randomized design in 5 treatments
with 6 replications of 8 birds in each. The control diet (T1) was based on corn soy bean meal
formulated with 16% CP and 2700 Kcal ME following the ICAR (2013) specifications recommended
for improved native chicken breeds. The diets T2 to T5 were made isocaloric to control and
composed with 15.5, 15.0, 14.5 and 14.0% CP, respectively. The levels of limiting amino acids namely
methionine, lysine, threonine and tryptophan were met as that of control by adding synthetic
preparation wherever necessary. Egg weight showed similar effects in all treatments at 32, 36 and
40 weeks of age. Reproductive parameters were recorded in four consecutive hatches and were
statistically analyzed. Results showed similar performances in T1, T2, T3 and T5, but were different
in T4 in terms of fertility, hatchability and number of saleable chicks. There was no significant
difference in progeny chick weight among different treatment groups indicating amino acid
supplementation supported equal performance in low CP diets in all the reproductive parameters.
Prepubertal Serum Testosterone Concentration In Vembur Rams At Different Rearing System
Authors: Selvakkumar R. , Sivakumar T. , Kumar S. Ganesh , Anuradha P.
Published: May 2017

The present investigation was carried out to study the prepubertal testosterone pattern and age
at puberty in Vembur rams reared under farm and farmers field condition. A total number of 8
Vembur ram lambs each from farm and farmers field were selected. The measurement of
testosterone was performed by Radioimmunoassay (RIA). The serum testosterone level from 6th
to 20th month of age ranged from 0.132 ± 0.04 to 3.823 ng/ml in semi intensively maintained farm
males and 0.138±0.04 to 3.456±0.17 ng/ml in animals maintained at farmer’s holdings. The serum
testosterone levels were crossing the concentration of 2.5 ng/ml at the age of 17 to 18th weeks
and successful mounting, intromission and ejaculation were noticed after this age.
IN VITRO ANTI-OBESITY EFFECT OF MACROLICHENS HETERODERMIA LEUCOMELOS AND RAMALINA CELASTRI BY PANCREATIC LIPASE INHIBITORY ASSAY
Authors: Shivanna Rashmi , Parizadeh Hengameh , Garampalli Rajkumar H.
Published: May 2017

Objective: Obesity is a chronic disorder caused by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure in which excessive fat will be deposited in adipose tissue and poses a risk to the health and well-being of humans. Agents which inhibit pancreatic lipase play an important role in the treatment of obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the potential effect of macro lichens Heterodermia leucomelos (L.) Poelt a foliose lichen and Ramalina celastri (Sprengel) Krog and Swinscow a fruticose lichen in the treatment of obesity.Methods: In vitro anti-obesity inhibitory effect of macro lichens were evaluated by using chicken pancreatic lipase activity. Lipase was extracted from the chicken pancreas. Different concentrations from 5-25 mg/ml of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of lichens Heterodermia leucomelos and Ramalina celastri was incubated with pancreas lipase.Results: With the increase in the concentration of extracts the higher inhibition of the enzyme was observed. Solvent methanol showed good activity compared to ethyl acetate. Percentage of inhibition ranged from 19.7-69.8 and 20.0-86.6 % in the methanol extract of Heterodermia leucomelos and Ramalina celastri respectively. Comparatively lichen Ramalina celastri in methanol extract showed maximum inhibition of 86.6 %, whereas ethyl acetate showed an inhibition of 63.0% at 25 mg/ml against enzyme lipase.Conclusion: In the present study, the inhibitory activity of lichen indicates its protective role in treating obesity. Molecular sequencing of this lichen helps in future to determine the various metabolic pathways that are responsible for the production of novel compounds.
ADULTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF BOTANICAL OILS BY IMPREGNATED PAPER ASSAY AGAINST CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS SAY
Authors: Ramar M. , Ignacimuthu S. , Manonmani P. , Murugan K.
Published: May 2017

Objective: The present study was undertaken with the aim of finding out the efficacy of essential oils (EOs) as anti-mosquito agents for commercial purposes. Plant source insecticides as an alternative to chemical insecticide, this study were evaluated to assess the knock-down and adulticidal prospective of the essential oils against Culex quinquefasciatus. The plant essential oil is largely cultivated throughout India and in all Tropical countries.Methods: The selected botanical essential oils were procured from commercial producers of plant essential oils and aromatic substances were used in this study. Knock-down and Adulticidal bioassay was performed according to WHO protocol. A single dose of the essential oils was used in the preliminary screening. 20 adult mosquitoes (3-5 d old glucose fed mosquitoes) were exposed on treated paper for one hour and knocked down and live mosquitoes were counted at 5 minute intervals.Results: Among the twenty three oils tested, 100% knock-down and adult mortality was recorded at 10%/cm2dose of calamus, camphor, cinnamon, citronella, clove, eucalyptus, lemongrass, pine, thyme and tulsi oils respectively. At 10 % concentration, clove oil (KT50 =1.8 and KT90 = 2.03 min) was found to be the most potential treatment. After 15 min exposure period clove oil registered the lowest knock-down dosewhich was calculated as (KD50 =1.8 %/cm2and KD90 =11.2 %/cm2). The lower and upper 95 % confidence limits for clove oil were calculated as 0.2 and 4.2 min respectively.Conclusion: From the results it can be concluded that the adult of the Cx. quinquefasciatus were susceptible to the essential oils. Such findings would be useful in promoting research aiming at the development of new agent for mosquito control on basis of chemical compounds from indigenous plant sources as an alternative to chemicals.
MEDICATIONS USED BY PREGNANT WOMEN: ANY SAFETY CONCERNS?
Authors: Kho Jey Vonn , Chua Siew Siang , Dallumal Rita Mohan , Omar Siti Zawiah
Published: May 2017

Objective: The use of medications during pregnancy may impose a potential risk to the fetus. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and safety of medications used by pregnant women.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic of a major teaching hospital in Malaysia, from January to April 2013. Data was collected via face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire.Results: Of the 500 respondents in this study, 62% (95% confidence interval, CI: 57.7%, 66.3%) used at least one medication during their pregnancy and 30.8% (95% CI: 26.8%, 34.8%) took the medications during the first trimester. The classes of medications commonly used were analgesics (26.8%), followed by cough and cold medications (18.6%) and medications for gastrointestinal disorders (11.8%). Among the 697 medications used by the respondents during pregnancy, most of them were relatively safe, with approximately 50% being classified under the Food and Drug Administration of the United States (FDA, US)-assigned pregnancy category B. However, seven potentially teratogenic medications were identified, including four antiepileptic drugs and an antimigraine medication which contained ergotamine.Conclusion: This study found that a high proportion of pregnant woman consumed at least one medication during their pregnancy. The use of antimigraine medications containing ergotamine in pregnant women is of major concern as this medication could be obtained without a prescription in some countries, including in Malaysia. Therefore, it is essential for health care professionals to educate and counsel pregnant women on the safety of medications used.
FORMULATION AND PRODUCTION OF GRANULE FROM ANNONA MURICATA FRUIT JUICE AS ANTIHYPERTENSIVE INSTANT DRINK
Authors: Djarot Prasetyorini , Badar Moerfiah
Published: May 2017

Objective: The present study aims to formulate instant granule drink from soursop (Anonna muricata Linn) fruit juice and investigate its antihypertensive effect on Sprague-Dawley rats suffer from level 1 hypertensive disease.Methods: Soursop instant granule was formulated using the wet granulation method, comprising of soursop fruit juice as the main ingredient with the addition of natrium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), citric acid, saccharalose, and maltodextrin as excipient and flavoring substances. The obtained granule, then administered orally to natrium chloride (NaCl)-induced hypertensive Sprague-Dawley rats and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of rats was measured subsequently on the day 4th, 8th, 11th and 14th of treatment.Results: The granule obtained from soursop fruit juice has very good physical characteristics, colored white, has fresh sweet and sour taste with the typical smell of soursop fruit. Other physical characteristics of the granule were it has 2.9% water content (<5%), 1.91 % ash content, 3.13 ml/s solubility, 29.3% angle of repose, and stable in the storage at 15 °C for two months. The oral administration of soursop granule significantly decrease the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both male and female Sprague-Dawley NaCl-induced hypertension rats.Conclusion: The granule produced from the juice of soursop fruit has acceptable physical features and proved effective to decrease high blood pressure, hence the soursop granule could be produced as an antihypertensive instant fruit drink in an industrial scale to substitute synthetic antihypertensive drugs.
EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS AND METHANOLIC SEED EXTRACTS OF CITRULLUS LANATUS
Authors: S. Iswariya , S. Uma T.
Published: May 2017

Objective: The present study was designed to identify the bioactive phytochemicals and its antibacterial and in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of aqueous and methanolic seed extract of Citrullus lanatus.Methods: The phytochemical screening of both the aqueous and methanolic seed extract was carried out qualitatively to identify the major Phyto-constituents present in the extracts. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated against six pathogenic bacterial strains by agar well diffusion method and the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by broth dilution method. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of C. lanatus seed extracts was evaluated by using human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization and inhibition of albumin denaturation method.Results: The results of the study indicated that both the extracts of the seed having antimicrobial activity, while the methanolic extract showed more significant activity against the tested organism than aqueous extract. Methanol extract had the lowest MIC of 1.562 mg/ml against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis, whereas in aqueous extract was highly sensitive to Bacillus subtilis, E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia with MIC of 3.125 and 6.25 mg/ml, respectively. Methanolic extracts exerted comparative higher anti-inflammatory activity than aqueous extract.Conclusion: Present study provides a firm evidence to support that the synergistic effect of C. lanatus seed extracts having potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial property, which might serve as an effective drug for various microbial infections and inflammatory disorders.
ANATOMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THEVETIA PERUVIANA L. A COMMONLY PLANTED ROADSIDE TROPICAL SHRUB OF BHUBANESWAR, ODISHA
Authors: Rout Jyoti Ranjan , Kerry Rout George , Dash Lilyprava , Nayak Soumya Ranjan , Sahoo Santi Lata
Published: May 2017

Objective: Air pollution is one of the most severe environmental problems of developing cities which adversely affects both plant and human life. However, roadside plants in the urban locations help in reducing the pollution level from the air through foliar surface and act as pollution sink. In this work, an attempt was made to understand the impact of air pollution on urban roadside plants which act as bio indicator.Methods: A study was conducted to check the impact of urbanization on air pollution by analyzing anatomical and biochemical aspects of Thevetia peruviana L. For anatomical analysis, the transverse sections of leaves were observed under a microscope; whereas for biochemical analysis, the estimation of chlorophyll, carotenoid and protein were determined by spectrophotometric methods. On the other hand, antioxidant enzyme assays, as well as specific activity staining, were performed to study the antioxidant potential. To investigate the antioxidant activity of the leaf extracts, an assay for catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were performed. Isoforms of CAT, GPX and SOD were separated using native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and their activities were analyzed.Results: Analysis of data revealed that the anatomical disturbances significantly occurred in exposed plants of various sites. Among biochemical parameters, photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content were found to be decreased. A maximum (7.65±0.51, 3.78±0.56,11.43±0.91, 5.63±0.55 mg/g, respectively) decrement was noticed in leaves of the Pokhariput plant in comparison to Khorda NH5 (19.44±1.08, 10.12±1.03, 29.56±2.32, 10.22±1.21 mg/g, respectively) which is taken as control one. To determine the effect of air pollution on proteins, leaf extracts were analyzed by the Lowry method and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The substantial decrement of total protein and alteration in polypeptides were noticed in polluted sites. Meanwhile, the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activities such as CAT, GPX and SOD were also detected.Conclusion: The increment of antioxidant enzymes and alteration of proteins, suggesting the activation of defensive mechanisms in selected plants under air pollution stress and also the plants made physiological and biochemical adjustments to overcome the oxidative damage.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR CYTOTOXICITY AGAINST VARIOUS CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: Thakur Ruchi Singh , Ahirwar Bharti
Published: May 2017

Objective: To evaluate the cytotoxic potential of leaves and seeds of Hibiscus sabdariffa L., fruit juice of Phyllanthus emblica, rhizomes of Dryopteris cochleata and flowers of Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston along with the chemical profiling of the most toxic extract through Gas-mass spectroscopy-MS technique.Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract of the selected crude drugs was prepared by maceration method and the extracts were undergone through phytochemical analysis. The cytotoxic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract was performed against four cancer cell lines i.e. liver (HepG2), breast (MCF7), prostate (PC-3) and leukemia (HL60) using sulphorhodamine B assay. The hydroalcoholic extract of Caesalpinia decapetala flowers was profiled through using gas mass spectroscopy.Results: The results confirmed that Phyllanthus emblica inhibited HL60 cancer cells at the dose of 35.6 µg/ml and show dose-dependent growth inhibition. The flowers of Caesalpinia decapetala inhibited nearly fifty percent of HL60 cancer cells at very low dose i. e 10 µg/ml. The analysis of Caesalpinia decapetala flowers shows the presence of diterpenoid furanolactones, bufadienolides, polycyclic enones, and androsterone.Conclusion: The fruit juice of Phyllanthus emblica and flowers of Caesalpinia decapetala showed good inhibitory activity against HL60 cancer cell line. The use of Phyllanthus emblica in herbal medicine is justified. The data obtained impelled to further assess the in vivo efficacy of Caesalpinia decapetala flowers for anticancer activity.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF HEPATITIS VIRUS REVIEW STUDIES: A CASE OF HEALTH ECONOMIC EVALUATION ANALYSIS
Authors: Le Phuong Hong , Tran Quang Vinh , Vo Trung Quang
Published: May 2017

Objective: Systematic reviews of economic analysis are necessary for assessing reports and making a decision. A systematic review of systematic reviews is mean of summarizing the current evidence across specialties of the same or very similar intervention, to provide a synthesis treatment effect. The aim of this study was to explore and to assess the quality of systematic reviews conducted hepatitis economic evaluation.Methods: This study was designed as a systematic review following the AMSTAR guideline through Medline, Cochrane, and Science Direct databases. It was scoped in publication period of 2001 and 2016 in international journals. The quality assessment of the included studies was based on AMSTAR checklist. Two authors did the appreciation independently and all the different results were solved by discussion to give the conclusion.Results: 851 publications found, only 25 studies of those met the inclusion criteria. These studies consisted of 5 studies for vaccination and 20 for non-vaccination. There were only 16% (n=4) based on PRISMA guideline; and twenty-one studies (64%) were not showing about the method of the systematic review or not based on any guideline. Only three articles has published in 2016 with a high standard.Conclusion: According to the results of the appraisal AMSTAR checklist, this review shows clearly the current situation and an urgent need for an increase of quality of hepatitis virus review studies based on health economic evaluation.
Conocimientos, actitudes, susceptibilidad y autoeficacia frente a la infección por VIH en adolescentes de Cartagena, Colombia
Authors: Castillo Avila Irma Yolanda , Ramirez Aguilar Jennifer Paola , Silva Yepes Karen Patricia , Caballero Pacheco Maria Alejandra , Arrieta Yepes Karen
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Determinar los conocimientos, actitudes, susceptibilidad y autoeficacia frente a la infección por VIH en adolescentes escolarizados de la ciudad de Cartagena. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, con una población de referencia de 15.686 adolescentes de instituciones educativas oficiales matriculados en los grados 10º y 11º. Se estimó una muestra de 580 adolescentes, aplicando un muestreo multi-etapico probabilístico. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó la Escala VIH/SIDA-65, previo consentimiento informado. Los datos fueron procesados en el programa Microsoft Excel y analizados utilizando estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Un total de 579 adolescentes completaron satisfactoriamente el cuestionario, con un promedio de edad de 15,6 años (DE = 0,9 años), mayoritariamente de sexo femenino (65,6% (380)).  El 45% (261) presenta conocimientos deficientes, 55% (318) ideas erróneas sobre la enfermedad, 69,6% (400) mostraron actitudes negativas, 46,1% (266) no se consideran susceptibles para contraer la enfermedad y 49,5% (286) mostró baja autoeficacia para la prevención de la infección. Conclusión: Los pocos conocimientos sobre el VIH y sus modos de transmisión, mezclados con ideas erróneas aumentan la probabilidad de contraer la infección entre los adolescentes, sobre todo, cuando se suman actitudes negativas, baja percepción de susceptibilidad y poca autoeficacia para la prevención.
Problemas de salud y calidad de vida en estudiantes de odontología
Authors: Díaz Cárdenas Shyrley , Arrieta Vergara Katherine , Guette Oliveros Agustin
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Asociar problemas de salud y calidad de vida relacionada con salud (CVRS) en estudiantes de Odontología de una Universidad pública de Cartagena, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en 202 estudiantes mujeres y 125 hombres. Se diseñó y aplicó instrumento para indagar variables sociodemográficas, problemas de salud (presencia de enfermedades en el último mes) y calidad de vida relacionada con salud (WHOQOL-BREF). El análisis incluyó frecuencias, proporciones, regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta para asociar dominios y puntaje total del WHOQOL-BREF con variables sociodemográficas y problemas de salud. Resultados: El 35,4% de estudiantes se encuentran enfermos y 61,8% presentan enfermedades gastrointestinales; según WHOQOL-BREF, 55,3% perciben un buen estado de salud y muy buena calidad de vida relacionada con salud. Ser estudiante adolescente impacta positivamente sobre calidad de vida relacionada con salud, pero al análisis multivariado, las variables que mostraron un impacto negativo fueron: depresión, alteraciones genitourinarias, musculo esqueléticas, varicela y problemas de la piel (X2: 80,4, p= 0,001). Conclusiones: La depresión, alteraciones genitourinarias y musculo-esqueléticas, además de varicela y problemas de la piel impactan negativamente sobre CVRS en estudiantes de odontología. Se requiere que las escuelas de Odontología promuevan estilos de vida saludable que impacten sobre la calidad de vida de sus estudiantes.
Investigación formativa: Pretensiones curriculares y representaciones sociales de actores educativos en el programa de Enfermería de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander – Cúcuta, Colombia
Authors: Gamboa Suárez Audin Aloiso , Vargas Toloza Ruby , Hernández Suárez Cesar Augusto
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Analizar los principales discursos sobre investigación formativa presentes en las políticas educativas y las representaciones sociales de actores educativos en el programa académico de Enfermería de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander. Materiales y métodos: Las orientaciones metodológicas parten del análisis del discurso vertical cualitativo para lograr comprender los enunciados de los documentos institucionales y el grupo focal para identificar las representaciones sociales de los autores. Resultados: El estudio logra develar que la investigación formativa es sistemática durante todo el programa académico de Enfermería, tangencialmente evidenciado en las pretensiones curriculares donde la formación en los paradigmas de investigación fortalece tanto la teoría como la práctica. Conclusiones: El estudio muestra una relación significativa entre los enunciados de las políticas educativas del programa y los relatos de los sujetos objeto de estudio.
Actividad física para mejorar fuerza y equilibrio en el adulto mayor
Authors: Chalapud Narváez Luz Marina , Escobar Almario Armando Edison
Published: May 2017

Introducción: La tercera edad abarca una época bastante amplia de la vida de un ser humano y la actividad física es una estrategia que permite mejorar la calidad de vida de esta población. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de un programa de actividad física, para mejorar la fuerza de miembros inferiores y el equilibrio en las personas de la tercera edad. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuasi-experimental, de corte longitudinal, con una muestra de 57 personas de la tercera edad, a quienes se les aplicó una evaluación inicial y final de equilibrio y fuerza, y un programa de actividad física de 4 meses de duración, con dos sesiones de entrenamiento por semana, donde se realizaron ejercicios de postura, propiocepción, equilibrio y fuerza muscular. En el análisis de datos se utilizó el programa SPSS v. 24.0 para Windows. Se realizó análisis univariado aplicando medidas de tendencia central (media, mediana, moda, desviación estándar y rangos) y un análisis estadístico con pruebas no paramétricas para dos muestras relacionadas Wilcoxon. Resultados: Las siguientes pruebas arrojaron significancia estadística: extensión funcional (p=0,000), tándem ojos abiertos (p= 0,20), tándem ojos cerrados (p=0,002), unipodal ojos cerrados (p=0,012) y sentado/parado (p=0,000). Conclusión: Este estudio constató que la actividad física es efectiva para mejorar el equilibrio y la fuerza muscular de miembros inferiores y es una herramienta adecuada para conservar la funcionalidad y la autonomía de las personas de la tercera edad.
Eficiencia en la reducción de Cromo por una bacteria silvestre en un tratamiento tipo Batch utilizando como sustrato agua residual del municipio de Pasto, Colombia
Authors: Guerrero Ceballos Deisy Lorena , Pinta Melo Jhonatan , Fernandez Izquierdo Pablo , Ibarguen Mondragón Eduardo , Hidalgo Bonilla Sandra Patricia , Burbano Rosero Edith Mariela
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficiencia en la reducción de Cromo en un tratamiento tipo Batch, utilizando como sustrato agua residual municipal inoculada con una bacteria silvestre. Materiales y métodos: Se verificó a escala de laboratorio el porcentaje de reducción de Cromo hexavalente de tres bacterias silvestres previamente aisladas de agua residual del Río Pasto (Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens y Paenibacillus sp.); se seleccionó el aislado que presentó mayor porcentaje de reducción de Cr y fue sometido a diferentes tratamientos. El análisis de los resultados se hizo mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: B. thuringiensis, B. amyloliquefaciens, y Paenibacillus sp., presentaron porcentajes de reducción de Cr (VI) de 82,01%; 80,85% y 79,27%, respectivamente. Se determinó que el tercer tratamiento (agua sin esterilizar del Río Pasto con B. thuringiensis) presentó diferencias significativas respecto a los demás (p = 0,0001 α = 0,05), concluyendo que B. thuringiensis reduce en mayor proporción el Cr (VI), los resultados encontrados en esta investigación son promisorios en el campo de la biorremediación de efluentes contaminados con Cromo ya que pueden ser tomados como base para implementar estrategias de biorremediación a gran escala. Conclusión: La bacteria B. thuringiensis presentó alta eficiencia en la reducción de Cromo hexavalente (99,42%), cuando fue implementada en un tratamiento a escala de laboratorio de agua residual sin esterilizar.
Transformaciones del Sistema de Salud Ecuatoriano
Authors: Jiménez Barbosa Wilson Giovanni , Granda Kuffo María Luisa , Ávila Guzmán Diana Margoth , Cruz Díaz Leidy Johanna , Flórez Parra Julián Camilo , Mejía Luisa Silvana , Vargas Suárez Diana Carolina
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Describir las transformaciones de la estructura del Sistema de Salud Ecuatoriano, teniendo en cuenta el contexto constitucional y normativo de dicho país, y reflexionar sobre el contexto histórico en que acaecieron y sus implicaciones en el bienestar de los ecuatorianos. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, analizando la normatividad de Ecuador desde la Constitución de 1979, en donde se empieza hablar de la salud como un derecho, pasando por la Ley Orgánica de Salud, la Ley de Seguridad Social, entre otras, incluyendo la última reforma de la Constitución en 2008. Resultados: La transformación del Sistema de Salud del Ecuador es el resultado de la acción de fuerzas políticas y económicas tanto internas como externas que han afectado a este país a lo largo del periodo estudiado.
Porto Maravilha: vivências e experiências culturais no espaço urbano ressignificado
Authors: Ferreira Freitas Ricardo , Barroso de Mello Flávia
Published: May 2017

Este trabalho pretende analisar, a partir de algumas manifestações culturais que se concretizam no Porto Maravilha, a gradual afirmação de um processo de identificação cultural dos sujeitos atores que se materializa na região.  A análise conjugou as teorias que tratam de cidade, imaginário e identidade cultural para identificar como os espaços urbanos no porto são (re)apropriados e reconfigurados pelas representações culturais e sensíveis dos atores que nele operam. Observa-se, assim, o compartilhamento dos espaços entre diferentes sujeitos que reinventam simbolicamente a região e  fundam um novo éthos, a despeito das intâncias de poder que atuam com o objetivo de homogeneizar o imaginário e inserir uma lógica simbólica de consumo na região.
Boundary layer flow of a copper-water nanofluid over a permeable shrinking cylinder with homogenous-hetrogenous reactions: Dual solutions
Authors: Zaib Aurang , Khan Masood , Shafie Sharidan
Published: May 2017

This research addresses the axi-symmetric flow of a Cu-water nanofluid past a porous shrinking cylinder in the presence of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions. Using a similarity transformation, the basic PDE?s are converted into ODE?s. The transformed equations are solved using bvp4c numerically from MATLAB for several values of the physical parameters. The physical impact of governing parameters on the velocity profile, temperature profile, concentration profile as well as the skin friction coefficient, f?(0), and the heat transfer rate, -??(0)are discussed carefully. The results indicate that the multiple solutions only exist when a certain value of suction is implemented through the permeable cylinder. Further, the curvature parameter, ?, accelerates the boundary-layer separation.
Multiple integral-balance method: Basic idea and an example with Mullin’s model of thermal grooving
Authors: Hristov Jordan
Published: May 2017

A multiple integration technique of the integral-balance method allowing solving high-order diffusion equations is conceived in this note. The new method termed multiple-integral balance method is based on multiple integration procedures with respect to the space co-ordinate and is generalization of the widely applied heat-balance integral method of Goodman and the double integration method of Volkov. The method is demonstrated by a solution of the linear diffusion models of Mullins for thermal grooving.
Modular Multilevel Converter Control Strategy with Fault Tolerance
Authors: Remus Teodorescu  , Emanuel-Petre Eni  , Laszlo Mathe  , Pedro Rodriguez
Published: May 2017

The Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) technology has recently emerged in VSC-HVDC applications where it demonstrated higher efficiency and fault tolerance compared to the classical 2-level topology. Due to the ability of MMC to connect to HV levels, MMC can be also used in transformerless STATCOM and large wind turbines. In this paper, a control and communication strategy have been developed to accommodate tolerant module failure and capacitor voltage unbalance. A downscaled prototype converter has been built in order to validate and investigate the control strategy, and also test the proposed communication infrastructure based on Industrial Ethernet.
Control strategy to improve the power factor with a hybrid filter
Authors: Salvador P. Litrán  , Patricio Salmerón  , Alejandro Pérez Vallés
Published: May 2017

Nowadays an electrical system must provide adequate electrical power quality so that it meets the international standards. To do this, this paper develops a control strategy for an active compensator based on a hybrid filter topology. This topology is formed by an active power filter of series connection and a passive filter of parallel connection. The proposed strategy is based on minimizing the rms value of the voltage at the point of common coupling so that the source transfers the power demanded by the load. Thus, the determination of the reference signal is posed as a constrained optimization problem. The strategy was proposed for four-wire systems and it allowed the compensation of current harmonics, reactive power and neutral current. Finally, a simulation platform in Matlab-Simulink was developed. This allowed the verification of the new strategy for different types of loads.
A New Approach in Defining Harmonic Indices in Power Utility Application
Authors: H. Mokhtari  , A. Shahab  , M. Poshtan
Published: May 2017

This paper proposes a new method for current harmonic evaluation. Several harmonic indices have been defined for this purpose among which the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is the most widely used one. However, all these indices suffer from some deficiencies such as giving the same weight to all harmonic orders, and not giving a clear relation between the harmonics and their effects on system equipment. In this paper, for the first time, an index is defined based on current harmonic effects on transformers and power lines. A new formula is defined in order to determine the share of each harmonic order. The paper also proposes a new harmonic limit for the derived index. The limit is based on the de-rating of a transformer subjected to harmonic environments in order to keep its life equal to that of the same transformer when handles only fundamental current. In order to compare the effectiveness of the new index, several real cases with the same THD level are evaluated using the proposed index.
Impact of Corrective Switching in Wind Farms Operation
Authors: Manoel F. de Medeiros Júnior  , Arrhenius V. da Costa Oliveira  , Marcus V. Costa de Oliveira
Published: May 2017

Eventually, limits violations of bus voltages or of admissible loadings of transmission lines and/or power transformers may occur by the power system operation. If violations are detected, corrective measures may be carried out aiming their elimination or to reduce their intensity. Loading shedding is an extreme solution and should only be adopted as the last control action. The control tool adopted in this work is Corrective Switching. It controls power flows in electrical networks by changing their topologies, without requiring any additional cost. Due to the large potential of wind energy in Brazil, using the technique of Corrective Switching may result in disconnection of wind farms, whose machines are not equipped with Low Voltage Ride Through function, since its wind generators are turned off when submitted to voltage sags for a short time. Thus, this works aims to verify if Corrective Switching actions, that could eliminate operational violations in electrical energy systems, can cause disconnections of wind farms, contributing to degrade power quality.
Corrélats des enquêtes conjointes des services de protection de l’enfance et des services de police sur les abus sexuels d’enfants :
résultats de l’Étude canadienne sur l’incidence des signalements de cas de violence et de négligence envers les enfants 2008
Authors: Tonmyr, L. , Gonzalez A.
Published: May 2017

Introduction

Dans cette étude, nous examinons la fréquence des enquêtes conjointes menées par les services de protection de l’enfance et les services de police dans les cas d’abus
sexuels en comparaison des autres types de maltraitance. Nous examinons également les associations, dans les enquêtes conjointes, entre les caractéristiques relatives à l’enfant,
celles relatives au pourvoyeur de soins de l’enfant, celles relatives aux mauvais traitements eux-mêmes et celles relatives à l’enquête, en nous intéressant plus particulièrement
aux enquêtes sur les abus sexuels.

Méthodolgie

Nous avons analysé par régression logistique les données de l’Étude canadienne sur l’incidence des signalements de cas de violence et de négligence envers les enfants
2008.

Résultats

D’après les données, les enquêtes conjointes portent en premier lieu sur les abus sexuels (55 %), puis sur la violence physique, la négligence et la violence
psychologique. La corroboration des mauvais traitements, les mauvais traitements graves, le placement, l’intervention des tribunaux de la jeunesse et l’orientation d’un membre
de la famille vers des services spécialisés sont plus fréquents quand les services de police participent à l’enquête.

Conclusion

Cette étude vient bonifier l’information limitée dont on dispose sur les corrélats des enquêtes conjointes menées par les agences de protection de l’enfance et les
services de police. D’autres recherches devront être effectuées pour déterminer l’efficacité de ces enquêtes conjointes.
Incidence Matrices of Directed Graphs of Groups and their up-down Pregroups
Authors: Jassim Wadhah S.
Published: May 2017

The aim of this work is to give a definition of the incidence matrices of the directed graph of groups, construct an up-down pregroup of the incidence matrices of the directed graph of groups and then give an algorithm for the up-down pregroup of the directed graph of groups.
Theorems on Fixed Points for Asymptotically Regular Sequences and Maps in
Authors: Khan Mohammad S. , Jhade Pankaj K.
Published: May 2017

In this paper, we present some fixed point theorems for asymptotically regular sequences and asymptotically regular maps in complete
Effect of Nano Sb2O3 on the Dispersive Optical Constants of PMMA Films
Authors: Al-Taa'y Wasan A. , Abdul nabi Mohammed T. , Oboudi Saad F. , Yousif Emad
Published: May 2017

Pure and Antimony Trioxide Sb2O3 doped PMMA films were prepared by the casting method. Optical absorption measurements in the wavelength range 200-800 nm were studied by using a computerized UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-1601 PC) and these confirmed that PMMA films have a direct band gap that decreases from 5.15 to 4.66 eV as the doping concentration increases to 5wt%. The increase in the density of localized states from 8.9 to 74.5 meV causes an expansion in the Urbach tail and consequently decreases the energy gap. The dispersion of the refractive index was analyzed using the concept of a single oscillator. The values of the single oscillator energy were 32.70, 13.59, 7.06, and 4.58 eV, while the dispersion energy values were 4.36, 49.04, 21.76 and 14.15 eV for the pure, and 3%, 4% and 5% Sb2O3 for the doped PMMA films respectively. The single-term Sellmeier were determined, and the average oscillator position was investigated, the value of which decreased with increasing doping concentration. The value of average oscillator strength increased with increasing Sb2O3 concentration to 5wt%. Skin depth and optical conductivity could be calculated, and results show a decrease in Skin depth with an increasing impurity percentage, but an increase of optical conductivity with greater impurity
Waiting for Godo… and Godan: Completing Rowe’s Critique of the Ontological Argument
Authors: Weiss Roslyn
Published: May 2017

In his critique of Anselm’s ontological argument for God’s existence, William Rowe introduces the concepts of “magico” and “magican”—defining “magicos” as magicians that do not exist, and “magicans” as magicians that do exist—to help diagnose what may have gone wrong in Anselm’s argument. As I made my way through Rowe’s intriguing article, I found myself waiting for “Godo”—and for “Godan.” I expected Rowe to invoke these counterparts to his “magico” and “magican”—a non-existing God to correspond to his non-existing magician, and an existing God to correspond to his existing magician—to complete his argument. Alas, like Vladimir and Estragon, I waited in vain: neither Godo—nor Godan—ever appeared. In what follows I shall argue that their inclusion in Rowe’s argument would have settled the matter against Anselm far more decisively than do Rowe’s forays into the murky waters of question-begging.
Acreditación a través del modelo de alta fiabilidad: estructura, proceso, resultado (parte 1)
Authors: Palmieri Albert , Ramirez Noeding Miguel
Published: May 2017

Ya en el año 400 A.C., Hipócrates reconoció los posibles efectos perjudiciales que surgen a través de las acciones bien intencionadas de los curanderos. Si bien el origen de la frase es desconocido (Carroll, 2004), el legendario aforismo hipocrático primum non nocere, “primero no hacer daño” (Veatch,1989) es un principio de salud importante y duradero. La palabra iatrogenia, derivada del griego, por lo general se refiere al producto de la atención prestada a los pacientes por los curanderos. Iatrogenia significa literalmente, "producido por el sanador" (iatros significa “curandero” y génesis significa “dado a luz por”).
Proyectos de trabajo: una metodología inclusiva en Educación Infantil
Authors: Balongo González Elena , Merida Serrano Rosario
Published: May 2017

La presente investigación se desarrolló en un aula de Educación Infantil de un centro público de la provincia de Almodóvar del Río, Córdoba, España. Es una investigación cualitativa que, a través de un estudio de caso, explora la capacidad de la metodología de Proyectos de Trabajo (PT) para desarrollar actividades inclusivas que permitan atender la diversidad del alumnado. Se han utilizado entrevistas semiestructuradas y la documentación pedagógica como instrumentos de recogida de información. Los resultados revelan que los PT respetan los intereses del alumnado, incrementando su motivación e implicación en el proceso de aprendizaje.
Justicia educativa: itinerario de su historia conceptual en México
Authors: Aguilar Nery Jesús
Published: May 2017

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis del itinerario del concepto de justicia educativa en México, que abarca de mediados de los años sesenta del siglo XX hasta la primera década del siglo XXI. A partir de una perspectiva apoyada en la historia conceptual y en planteamientos sobre la externalización del enfoque de educación comparada, se subraya que durante la década de 1990 asistimos a una re-emergencia y sedimentación del concepto de justicia educativa, tanto en el ámbito académico como en los discursos oficiales, la cual se explica, entre otras razones, debido a las crecientes desigualdades sociales y escolares, así como debido a los procesos de externalización de los discursos nacionales, que han propiciado una hibridación original, la cual apunta hacia una renovación del optimismo en las escuelas y en la posibilidad de sociedades más justas o simplemente menos injustas.
Validación de un instrumento para evaluar la autopercepción del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de Medicina
Authors: Olivares Olivares Silvia Lizett , López Cabrera Mildred Vanessa
Published: May 2017

El acelerado ritmo de generación de conocimiento requiere que los estudiantes de Medicina desarrollen competencias genéricas durante su formación. El pensamiento crítico es primordial para establecer juicios autorregulados basándose en argumentación fundamentada. Para medir la disposición de estudiantes en competencias, se desarrolló el Cuestionario de Competencias Genéricas Individuales (CCGI), el cual mide con 74 reactivos la autopercepción de los estudiantes hacia las competencias de: pensamiento crítico, alfabetización informacional, autodirección, administración del tiempo, solución de problemas y toma de decisiones. Para validar la sección de pensamiento crítico 18 expertos evaluaron el cuestionario y determinaron la pertinencia de cada aseveración; además, se aplicó el instrumento a 135 estudiantes. El Alfa de Cronbach fue 0.739 y el análisis factorial resultó en 3 componentes asociados a dimensiones del pensamiento crítico: Interpretación y análisis de información, Juicio de una situación con datos objetivos y subjetivos, e Inferencia de consecuencias de la decisión basándose en el juicio autorregulado. La estadística descriptiva indica que los estudiantes se perciben mejor en sus preferencias para evaluar e inferir.
Ansiedade e medos dos acadêmicos de enfermagem frente ao cuidado aos portadores de sofrimento mental
Authors: De Sousa Ailton Quirino , Galvão Cristiano José Rodrigues , Francino Daiane , Cortez Eduardo Nogueira
Published: May 2017

Introdução: Os enfermeiros têm um papel primordial na assistência aos pacientes com transtornos mentais, norteando a sociedade e à família o quanto é importante a inserção destes no convívio social para sua reabilitação psicossocial fazendo com que os mesmos se sintam valorizados no meio em que vivem. Objetivo: analisar os sentimentos e perspectivas dos acadêmicos de enfermagem, frente à possibilidade de futura atuação profissional em serviços de atendimentos à saúde mental. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva de abordagem quantitativa. Realizado na instituição UEMG, do município de Divinópolis – MG, a população foi composta pelos acadêmicos do curso de Enfermagem, a coleta dos dados foi realizada através de um questionário. Resultados: Dos participantes: 93,33% é do sexo feminino, 56,67% iniciaram no ensino superior a partir de 20 anos, 76,67% tiveram a oportunidade de estar em campo de saúde mental e apresentaram as reações: medo, tristeza e ansiedade. Sobre a possibilidade futura de trabalhar na área 63,33% não trabalhariam, as dificuldades apresentadas pelos acadêmicos para cuidar foram: falta de conhecimento, falta de paciência e receio. Conclusão: Ao ingressar no campo de estágio os discentes tendem a modificar estes preceitos devido ao contato direto com os pacientes e as situações vivenciadas no estágio. Averiguou-se que as reações negativas ainda sim prevaleceram no campo de estágio, ocasionando as dificuldades apresentada pelos acadêmicos em reverter essa situação. Imprescindível que se invista durante a graduação novas forma em que os acadêmicos de enfermagem consigam modificar suas percepções relacionadas à área de saúde mental.Palavras–chave: Estudantes de Enfermagem; Saúde Mental; Sentimentos; Emoções.
Câncer de mama e meio ambiente: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Castro e Silva Igor Marcelo , Do Rosário Gonçalves Eloisa da Graça
Published: May 2017

INTRODUÇÃO: O Câncer de mama acomete com as mulheres tanto no mundo ocidental, quanto oriental. Remete, principalmente, aos grupos etários economicamente ativos e as em idade fértil , sendo fato preocupante a saúde pública. OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão integrativa a respeito do câncer de mama e o meio ambiente. MÉTODOS: Buscou-se termos que definissem o câncer de mama, sua integração com o meio ambiente, aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos, através de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa. Incluiu-se trabalhos originais ou de revisão. RESULTADOS : O câncer de mama é o tipo de câncer que acomete com maior frequência as mulheres. No Brasil, para o biênio 2016-2017, esperam-se 57.916 casos novos de câncer da mama, com um risco estimado de 52 casos a cada 100 mil mulheres. O câncer de mama denota considerável ameaça, carregando consigo o preconceito, a discriminação e solidão, efeitos estes geradores de preocupação entre os profissionais de saúde. Associado a todos os caracteres peculiares desta patologia, alia-se os diversos tratamentos tanto cirúrgicos quanto quimioterápicos. Suas indicações refletem em vários âmbitos na qualidade de vida da paciente, induzindo, geralmente, a desconfortos físicos, emocionais, espirituais, econômicos e sociais. CONCLUSÃO: O Câncer de mama detém altas taxas de mortalidade, mesmo com o desenrolar das terapias, justificando-se pela heterogeneidade da doença. Urge necessidade de maiores estudos e investimentos acerca de tal problemática, por se constituir, na atualidade, de um imbróglio a saúde pública. Descritores: Câncer de Mama. Neoplasias da mama, Saúde da Mulher, Ambiente
La conception d’une régulation par lignées génériques d’instruments
Authors: Nakhla Michel
Published: May 2017

Cet article réinterprète la régulation dans les industries de service public comme une « stratégie de conception » qui combine différents types d’instruments de gestion. Il met en évidence qu’une analyse de l’institutionnalisation des réformes n’est pas séparable d’une analyse des instruments mobilisés. L’article met également en évidence le concept de l’institution de « second ordre » constituée d’instruments qui conduisent progressivement à la conception d’une nouvelle régulation coincée entre une logique d’intuitu personae et une logique d’efficience économique.
À quelles conditions un discours stratégique peut-il produire un changement ?
Authors: Varlet Marion , Allard-Poesi Florence
Published: May 2017

À l’heure où le discours sur le changement est omniprésent dans les sphères économique, sociétale et organisationnelle, à quelles conditions un discours stratégique est-il à même d’en produire ? L’objectif de cette recherche1est de déterminer les différentes conditions donnant au discours stratégique sa performativité, sa capacité à produire un effet. Les auteures convoquent et analysent les conceptions de la performativité développées tour à tour par Austin et Searle, Butler et Callon, conceptions illustrées par des travaux récents portant sur les effets des discours stratégiques. Cette réflexion met à jour des différences significatives dans les définitions et conditions de performativité du discours. En soulignant l’importance des conditions requises pour qu’un discours produise un effet, cette recherche révèle finalement la relative fragilité du discours stratégique.