bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Эффект памяти тройной формы полиуретанового композиционного материала
Authors: Шалыгина Т.А. , Воронина С.Ю. , Власов А.Ю. , Пасечник К.А. , Обверткин И.В. , Титов М.А.
Published: August 2020

The effect of the carbon fibers coupling layer on the occurrence of the triple-shape memory effect of polyurethane reinforced is studied. Using thermomodulated differential scanning calorimetry, structural changes in a sample of Carbon fiber reinforced polyurethane with coupling layer were determined. The influence of the diffusion adhesion mechanism on the thermomechanical characteristics of the triple-shape memory effect of the polyurethane composite material is established.
How Health Care Organizations Approach Social Media Measurement: Qualitative Study
Authors: Ukoha Chukwuma
Published: August 2020

Background

Many health care organizations use social media to support a variety of activities. To ensure continuous improvement in social media performance, health care organizations must measure their social media.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to explore how health care organizations approach social media measurement and to elucidate the tools they employ.

Methods

In this exploratory qualitative research, Australian health care organizations that use social media, varying in size and locality, were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, and the transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

The study identified health care organizations’ approaches to social media measurement. While some measured their social media frequently, others used infrequent measurements, and a few did not measure theirs at all. Those that measured their social media used one or a combination of the following yardsticks: personal benchmarking, peer benchmarking, and metric benchmarking. The metrics tracked included one or more of the following: reach, engagement, and conversion rates. The tools employed to measure social media were either inbuilt or add-on analytics tools. Although many participants showed great interest in measuring their social media, they still had some unanswered questions.

Conclusions

The lack of a consensus approach to measurement suggests that, unlike other industries, social media measurement in health care settings is at a nascent stage. There is a need to improve knowledge, sophistication, and integration of social media strategy through the application of theoretical and analytical knowledge to help resolve the current challenge of effective social media measurement. This study calls for social media training in health care organizations. Such training must focus on how to use relevant tools and how to measure their use effectively.
Use of the HoloLens2 Mixed Reality Headset for Protecting Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospective, Observational Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Martin Guy , Koizia Louis , Kooner Angad , Cafferkey John , Ross Clare , Purkayastha Sanjay , Sivananthan Arun , Tanna Anisha , Pratt Philip , Kinross James ,   PanSurg Collaborative
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to rapid acceleration in the deployment of new digital technologies to improve both accessibility to and quality of care, and to protect staff. Mixed-reality (MR) technology is the latest iteration of telemedicine innovation; it is a logical next step in the move toward the provision of digitally supported clinical care and medical education. This technology has the potential to revolutionize care both during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

This pilot project sought to deploy the HoloLens2 MR device to support the delivery of remote care in COVID-19 hospital environments.

METHODS

A prospective, observational, nested cohort evaluation of the HoloLens2 was undertaken across three distinct clinical clusters in a teaching hospital in the United Kingdom. Data pertaining to staff exposure to high-risk COVID-19 environments and personal protective equipment (PPE) use by clinical staff (N=28) were collected, and assessments of acceptability and feasibility were conducted.

RESULTS

The deployment of the HoloLens2 led to a 51.5% reduction in time exposed to harm for staff looking after COVID-19 patients (3.32 vs 1.63 hours/day/staff member; P=.002), and an 83.1% reduction in the amount of PPE used (178 vs 30 items/round/day; P=.02). This represents 222.98 hours of reduced staff exposure to COVID-19, and 3100 fewer PPE items used each week across the three clusters evaluated. The majority of staff using the device agreed it was easy to set up and comfortable to wear, improved the quality of care and decision making, and led to better teamwork and communication. In total, 89.3% (25/28) of users felt that their clinical team was safer when using the HoloLens2.

CONCLUSIONS

New technologies have a role in minimizing exposure to nosocomial infection, optimizing the use of PPE, and enhancing aspects of care. Deploying such technologies at pace requires context-specific information security, infection control, user experience, and workflow integration to be addressed at the outset and led by clinical end-users. The deployment of new telemedicine technology must be supported with objective evidence for its safety and effectiveness to ensure maximum impact.
Impact of Remote Consultations on Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Health Care: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Han Seung Min , Greenfield Geva , Majeed Azeem , Hayhoe Benedict
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

There has been growing international interest in performing remote consultations in primary care, particularly amidst the current COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, the evidence surrounding the safety of remote consultations is inconclusive. The appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in remote consultations is an important aspect of patient safety that needs to be addressed.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to summarize evidence on the impact of remote consultation in primary care with regard to antibiotic prescribing.

METHODS

Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, HMIC, PsycINFO, and CINAHL for literature published since the databases’ inception to February 2020. Peer-reviewed studies conducted in primary health care settings were included. All remote consultation types were considered, and studies were required to report any quantitative measure of antibiotic prescribing to be included in this systematic review. Studies were excluded if there were no comparison groups (face-to-face consultations).

RESULTS

In total, 12 studies were identified. Of these, 4 studies reported higher antibiotic-prescribing rates, 5 studies reported lower antibiotic-prescribing rates, and 3 studies reported similar antibiotic-prescribing rates in remote consultations compared with face-to-face consultations. Guideline-concordant prescribing was not significantly different between remote and face-to-face consultations for patients with sinusitis, but conflicting results were found for patients with acute respiratory infections. Mixed evidence was found for follow-up visit rates after remote and face-to-face consultations.

CONCLUSIONS

There is insufficient evidence to confidently conclude that remote consulting has a significant impact on antibiotic prescribing in primary care. However, studies indicating higher prescribing rates in remote consultations than in face-to-face consultations are a concern. Further, well-conducted studies are needed to inform safe and appropriate implementation of remote consulting to ensure that there is no unintended impact on antimicrobial resistance.
A Review of Grammar Corrective Feedback: The Learning Experience in China’s English Classes
Authors: Zhang Junling
Published: August 2020

Grammar correction is a common means of instruction in second language classes. However, whether or not to conduct grammar correction is a controversial issue that has triggered researchers’ debates. In China, grammar correction can always be seen in English writing and oral classes. This paper reviews the fundamental theory of grammar correction and discusses the relative merits of grammar correction in the English teaching practice of China by analysing the author’s English learning experience. All in all, grammar correction is recommended as an important teaching method in China’s English classes for learners can benefit from the corrective feedback with proper instructing strategies. The correction with improper strategies will evoke learners’ negative feelings, but they may still extract useful information from it if the feedback itself is effective. Thus, teachers should not overlook or underestimate learners’ ability of self-reflection and autonomic learning during the process of grammar correction. Besides, it is of great concern for teachers to comfort learners’ emotion to ensure the effectiveness of grammar corrective feedback.
The Relevance of H.L.A. Hart’s Concept of Law and Morality in the Battle against the Profound Immorality of the Contemporary Society: A Philosophical Reflection
Authors: Onwuatuegwu PhD Ignatius Nnaemeka , Igwebudu Robert Afamefuna
Published: August 2020

Hart believes that one truism of human nature is that the overwhelming majority of human beings wish to survive; in order they would rather live than die. If we wish to live, it is imperative that the society be developed which will ensure our survival. Law is an instrument of social control, by implication, in the absence of laws; man tends to be wild, i.e., to say to behave like a beast without manners. Law and morality checkmates the excesses in man in the society. The aim of this research, therefore, includes: To address the controversial issue with respect to the actual meaning and definition of law by Professor Hart. To dispel skepticism in the modern mind by elucidating what makes some of the societal norms (morals) a legal rule. To show similarities and differences between law and morality, pointing out their necessary relationship or connection. Finally, to critically examine some of the profound immoralities of the Contemporary society. This research would adopt the expository, analytic and evaluative methods of philosophical inquiry. By using the expository method, the work shall introduce H. L. A. Hart’s concept of law and morality. Also, through the use of the analytic and evaluative methods, his concept of law and some of the profound immoralities in the global community in general shall be x-rayed.
Desventaja social y utilización de servicios de salud para recibir atención prenatal en niñas y adolescentes de barrios pobres de Chiapas
Authors: Hartmann Annette Elisabeth , Nazar-Beutelspacher Dominga Austreberta , Salvatierra-Izabá Ernesto Benito
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: analizar la relación entre desventaja social, individual y de pareja en niñas y adolescentes embarazadas, indígenas y no indígenas, con la no utilización de servicios de salud para recibir atención prenatal.Diseño metodológico: enfoque mixto, con análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de casos, por grupos de edad de niñas y adolescentes embarazadas, indígenas y no indígenas.Resultados: identificación de variables de desventaja social, individual y de pareja relacionadas con la no atención prenatal en niñas y adolescentes indígenas y no indígenas, en un contexto urbano con acceso geográfico y económico a servicios de salud.Limitaciones de la investigación: el estudio se enfoca en casos de embarazos ocurridos en niñas y adolescentes, indígenas y no indígenas, identificados retrospectivamente.Hallazgos: se documenta la relación entre las variables de condición de desventaja social de las niñas y adolescentes y la no utilización de los servicios de salud para recibir atención prenatal. Se reportan diferencias en la condición de desventaja social por adscripción étnica y edad de las embarazadas. Los resultados contribuyen a la comprensión de las condiciones sociales de riesgo durante el embarazo en niñas y adolescentes, indígenas y no indígenas.
Alteraciones del olfato en la obesidad
Authors: Guarneros Marco , Martínez-Gómez Margarita , Arteaga Lourdes
Published: August 2020

Aun cuando el sentido del olfato es fundamental para la percepción de los alimentos, su relación con la obesidad ha sido poco investigada. Este artículo es una revisión de la literatura sobre esa relación. La evidencia actual tanto en animales como en humanos apoya la hipótesis de que el olfato está alterado en esta condición. Estudios recientes señalan que los individuos obesos podrían tener una mayor sensibilidad a los olores de alimentos altos en calorías, y menor para los de bajo valor calórico incluidos los no asociados con alimentos. El estudio de la percepción quimiosensorial es un área prometedora para avanzar en el entendimiento de los mecanismos involucrados en la obesidad.
Autoevaluación para la reacreditación del Programa Sistemas de Información, Bibliotecología y Archivística de la Universidad de La Salle-Bogotá
Authors: Pirela Morillo Johann Enrique , Pulido Daza Nelson Javier , Almarza Franco Yamely Margarita , Suárez Castañeda Gilberto
Published: August 2020

Se sistematiza el proceso de autoevaluación para la reacreditación del Programa de Sistemas de Información, Bibliotecología y Archivística de la Universidad de La Salle. Los resultados revelaron consolidación de la investigación, mejoramiento de la formación académica, cualificación pedagógica de los docentes, fortalecimiento de la plataforma tecnológica, actualización curricular, afianzamiento del modelo de responsabilidad e intervención social y mayor vinculación con los egresados. Se concluye que la autoevaluación de los programas académicos debe partir de proyectos de investigación institucional para estructurar los planes de  mejoramiento que aseguren la calidad de la formación en el área.
Peran Globalisasi di Balik Munculnya Tantangan Baru Bagi Diplomasi di Era Kontemporer
Authors: Nurika Rizki Rahmadini
Published: August 2020

AbstrakGlobalisasi telah memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada kajian hubungan internasional. Salah satunya adalah ketika globalisasi memperluas cara bagaimana diplomasi itu dilakukan. Diplomasi tidak hanya dipandang sebagai agenda resmi yang di dalamnya hanya terdapat negara yang berperan sebagai satu-satunya aktor. Lebih dari itu, kini diplomasi dapat dilakukan oleh aktor bukan negara pada agenda resmi maupun tak resmi. Diplomasi juga dibekali dengan penyebaran isu-isu baru. Seiring dengan arus globalisasi, isu-isu hubungan internasional pun kini turut berkembang dan meluas sebagai dampak dari fenomena menyempitnya ruang dan waktu. Kondisi yang demikian ini lah yang kini menjadi karakteristik diplomasi di era kontemporer, yang membuat diplomasi tertantang untuk mempertahankan eksistensinya. Penelitian ini didesain untuk mengungkap logika tentang bagaimana globalisasi memicu munculnya tantangan baru bagi diplomasi. Metode yang digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan baru bagi diplomasi muncul ketika globalisasi mengubah sifat alamiah dari diplomasi itu sendiri.Kata Kunci: Diplomasi, Globalisasi, TantanganAbstractGlobalization has given its significance influences on the study of international relations. One of them is when it has expanded the way diplomacy is performed. Diplomacy is no longer perceived only on a formal agenda in which state acts as the only one actor. Far beyond that, now diplomacy can be conducted by non-state actor both in formal and informal agenda. Diplomacy is also equipped by the spread of new issues. In line with the flow of globalization, international relations issues have developed and broadened rapidly as well as the narrowing space and time phenomena happened. Here, those given circumstances are now perceived as the characteristics of diplomacy in this contemporary era, by which diplomacy is challenged to maintain its existence. This research is designed to reveal the logic for how globalization triggers the emergence of new challenges for diplomacy. Method used to answer such question is qualitative research by using secondary data. The finding shows that new challenges for diplomacy come when globalization changes the nature of diplomacy itself.Key Words: Challenge, Diplomacy, Globalization
Media dan Kekerasan: Analisis Norman Fairclough Terhadap Pemberitaan Tarung Gladiator
Authors: Annas Akhirul , Fitriawan Rana Akbari
Published: August 2020

AbstrakLine Today merupakan fitur agregator berita yang terdapat dalam aplikasi Line Messenger. Salah satu berita yang dijadikan Line Today sebagai highlights pada bulan September 2017 lalu adalah kasus tarung gladiator di kalangan pelajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana wacana kekerasan dikemas dalam pemberitaan tarung gladiator pada Line Today dengan menggunakan analisis wacana kritis Norman Fairclough untuk menganalisis teks, praktik produksi teks, dan praktik sosial budaya. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode kualitatif yang memusatkan perhatian pada prinsip-prinsip umum yang mendasari perwujudan sebuah makna dari gejala-gejala sosial di dalam masyarakat dengan menggunakan paradigma kritis. Paradigma ini memandang bahwa bahasa tidak hanya sebagai alat untuk memahami realitas objektif belaka, tetapi perlu melihat maksud-maksud dari wacana tertentu. Paradigma kritis jauh lebih meneliti aspek sosial, sejarah, dan budaya dari wacana tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Line Today memilih enam berita dari media Kumparan.com, Liputan6.com, dan Okezone.com untuk merekonstruksi kekerasan dalam kasus tarung gladiator di kalangan pelajar. Bahasa yang digunakan dalam teks berita dikemas secara ringan, singkat, dan mudah dipahami oleh generasi milenial.Kata Kunci: Kekerasan, Line Today, Media, Norman Fairclough AbstractLine Today is a news aggregator feature contained in the Line Messenger app. One of the news that Line Today made as highlights in September 2017 was the gladiator fight case among teenage students. This study aims to find out how the discourse of violence is packed in the news gladiator fight on Line Today by using critical discourse analysis Norman Fairclough to analyze text, text production practices, and socio-cultural practices. It used qualitative methods to analyze the meaning of social phenomenon based on critical paradigm. The paradigm noted that language is not only a tool for understanding reality, but it is necessary to look at the intentions of a particular discourse. It used to explore social, historical, and cultural aspects of the discourse. The research shows that Line Today chose six news from media Kumparan.com, Liputan6.com, and Okezone.com to reconstruct the violence in the case of ‘tarung gladiator’ among teenage students. The language used in the news text is lightly packed, short, and easily understood by millennials generation.Keywords: Line Today, Media, Norman Fairclough, Violence
The Failure of MINUSCA as Peacekeeping Force in the Central African Republic (CAR) in 2013-2015
Authors: SD Hardi Alunaza , Sherin Virginia
Published: August 2020

Since Bozizé led the CAR from March 15, 2003, to March 24, 2013, there has been resistance from some of the rebel forces. The rebellion continues because of the economic and political weaknesses in the CAR government. One of them comes from an opposition coalition known as Séléka who staged a rebellion in 2013 with the aim of overthrowing the Bozizé regime. After the fall of Bozizé, CAR's condition has worsened because Séléka rebels have committed gross human rights violations in the CAR. This is where the conflict develops from the conflict that was originally just a conflict of government-opposition, then widened and turned to religious conflicts. As a result, questions arise about the efforts and involvement of third parties in conflict resolution within the CAR and the social impacts of the conflict. This article attempts to answer questions which focuses on the involvement of third parties as peacekeepers in conflict areas. In this case, the authors use qualitative research methods in the form of literature studies such as books, journals, and scientific articles in supporting the final explanation. The result of this paper shows that the failure of Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) as a peacekeeping force in the conflict in CAR in 2013-2015 is caused by human rights violation in the form of sexual exploitation. This has had a social impact on the lives of communities, especially women and children, suffer from physical and mental trauma resulting from conflict and become victims of human rights violations committed by MINUSCA.
Kampung 3G (Glintung Go Green): Ide Lokal Sebagai Solusi Global?
Authors: Fredayani Ervina
Published: August 2020

This paper aims to examine the Village 3G (Glintung Go Green) as a solution in achieving the goals contained in the program SDG (Sustainable Development Goals) made by the United Nations (United Nations). The author discusses environmental issues that form the basis of the creation of very complex issues such as health, hygiene, economics, and society. This research was conducted by the writer using a qualitative descriptive method with interview technique, documentation study with RW 23 Chair Glintung Bambang Irianto, and literature study, and the concept of community empowerment as a way of looking at the phenomena we observed. The author wants to know how the solution offered by Glintung Village in addressing environmental issues in the context of SDGs. In addition, the authors want to know the response of domestic and international communities to the idea of Kampung 3G which is used as a solution to realize the SDG program.
Analisis Semiotik Kebun Binatang Dalam Photobook Berjudul Wildtopia
Authors: Widiatmojo Radityo
Published: August 2020

This research conducts an attempt to extend the meaning of zoo in society by Sander Pierce's semiotica analysis on Photobook titled Wildtopia. By qualitative method, this research finds that the zoo have a dualism function in a very contrast way. In one hand, the zoo gives a representational experience as objectivate the animal for human knowledge. On the other hand, zoo it self destruct the wildness of each animal as they are taking care by human. Another interesting finding shows photography is able to criticized phenomenon in society as a visual argument.
Genetic population structure of the toxigenic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella in the Patagonian Fjords System, southern Chile
Authors: Paredes-Mella Javier , Varela Daniel
Published: August 2020

Alexandrium catenella is the main species that form harmful algae blooms (HABs) in southern Chile. Since its first record in 1972 in the Magallanes region this species apparently has increased its range distribution from south to north. In this study, we investigate the influence of the range expansions distribution on the A. catenella populations genetic diversity and structure. This was achieved by isolating 33 clones from different localities along the Magallanes and Aysén region which were genetically characterized with Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLPs) molecular markers. Results showed a latitudinal genetic diversity gradient from the south to north populations. Inter-populations genetic divergences were low but significant between both geographically close and distant populations. Results indicated that the genetic diversity differentiation could be generated by a founder effect, which is expected in populations that have expanded their distribution range. On the other hand, low levels of genetic divergences between distant populations seems point out that high gene flow occurs along coast of the Pacific Ocean, but also, seems hints the connectivity route between the Magallanes and Aysén populations i.e., the vegetative cells dispersion among populations, would occur through coastal Pacific coast and Boca del Guafo. Finally, the high values of multilocus linkage disequilibrium found between closer population of Aysén indicates that divergence could be influenced along with the reproductive dynamic of the vegetative cells.
GÊNEROS TEXTUAIS NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: LEVANTAMENTO DOS ESTUDOS PUBLICADOS EM REVISTAS ESPECIALIZADAS (2008-2018)
Authors: SILVA Tamiris de Almeida , Souza Silvana Paulina de , Fireman Elton Casado
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo surgiu da pesquisa de Mestrado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática (PPGECIM/UFAL) intitulada “Ensino de Ciências por Investigação: contribuições da leitura para a Alfabetização Científica nos anos iniciais”. Para compor os dados, foi realizado um levantamento dos estudos que tratam da utilização de gêneros textuais associados ao ensino de Ciências nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental no período de 2008 a 2018. Buscamos as informações nas principais revistas científicas do Brasil (Qualis A1 e A2), na área de “Ensino” da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). O objetivo foi analisar as contribuições do uso de gêneros textuais no Ensino de Ciências, especificamente nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, a partir dos resultados de pesquisas publicadas nas principais revistas científicas do Brasil. Os dados revelam que os gêneros textuais, quando compreendidos e bem utilizados pelos professores, permitem a inovação nas práticas escolares e melhoram a compreensão pelos alunos do quanto a Ciência está presente em suas vidas, na sociedade e no ambiente em que vivem.
A TEMÁTICA TRÂNSITO NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: UM ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO
Authors: Goi Everaldo Antônio , Goi Mara Elisângela Jappe , Walter Clara Natalia Steigleder
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem como temática a educação para o trânsito e tem por objetivo conhecer como a mesma está sendo desenvolvida na Educação Básica, sabendo que a escola se caracteriza como espaço social, buscando perspectivas de articular as concepções, a organização dos processos e dos conteúdos educativos na escola em consonância com a vida social. A pesquisa é caracterizada como qualitativa e foi realizada com 146 professores que trabalham na Educação Básica da grande Porto Alegre, Caçapava do Sul e Vila Nova do Sul, sendo essas cidades do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O levantamento de dados foi realizado com 40 professores no ano de 2018 e com os demais no ano de 2019.  O instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado foi uma plataforma digital contendo um questionário eletrônico com perguntas abertas e fechadas e os dados produzidos foram analisados e discutidos teoricamente. A partir desses dados destaca-se a preocupação dos educadores em trabalhar com temáticas variadas, entre elas a educação para o trânsito, bem como percebeu-se os esforços desses professores em aproximar as temáticas com o currículo escolar, mesmo em momentos pontuais, isso reforça a ideia de que a educação para o trânsito deve fazer parte do currículo escolar.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE CÉLULA A PARTIR DE UMA WEBGINCANA
Authors: Pinheiro William de Azevedo , Vasconcellos Roberta Flavia Ribeiro Rolando
Published: August 2020

A popularização das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) encaminha a escola no sentido de inserir tais recursos em suas práticas educativas. Assim, dentre os diversos recursos de ensino existentes, destaca-se a webgincana, que consiste em um modelo de uso estruturado da internet com a finalidade de busca de informações para questões que exigem construção de conhecimento no lugar do conhecido “copia e cola”, sendo desenvolvida como um jogo de competição entre equipes.  Este trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar e aplicar uma webgincana sobre o tema Citologia a fim de validá-la como um recurso para a prática docente, no formato de um produto educacional. A pesquisa, de cunho qualitativa, foi realizada com alunos de Biologia da 1ª série do Ensino Médio de uma escola estadual localizada na cidade de Itaperuna/RJ. A estratégia metodológica baseou-se na produção e realização da webgincana. A coleta de dados foi efetuada à partir da exploração da tarefa sendo estes analisados de acordo com os critérios avaliativos estabelecidos na webgincana. Os resultados indicaram o cumprimento do jogo com êxito por todas as equipes, com a webgincana tendo proporcionado o desenvolvimento de aspectos tais como, a autonomia, a colaboração e o envolvimento ativo dos estudantes na busca pelas soluções de suas tarefas.
COMO SE ENCONTRAM OS ESTUDOS DA DIDÁTICA DAS CIÊNCIAS RELACIONADOS À HISTÓRIA E FILOSOFIA DA CIÊNCIA NA LITERATURA CONTEMPORÂNEA?
Authors: Ribeiro Machado Susete Francieli , Camara Pizzato Michelle , Silva da Silva André Luís , Garcez de Moura Paulo Rogério , Del Pino José Claudio
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho visa apresentar algumas reflexões e discussões referentes ao contexto dos estudos da Didática das Ciências (DdC) em relação à História e Filosofia da Ciência (HFC). Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Dialnet e periódicos da CAPES em relação aos artigos publicados no período de 2013 a 2018. Desse modo, utilizou-se como critério de escolha a ênfase para trabalhos que discutissem, conjuntamente, HFC ao contexto da DdC. Foram selecionados 7 artigos da base de dados Dialnet e 15 dos periódicos da CAPES, totalizando, assim, a coleta de 22 artigos para análise final. Salienta-se que as principais categorias de discussão deste trabalho são relacionadas, respectivamente, a: dificuldades e potencialidades da HFC em relação à formação docente; enfoques da HFC à aprendizagem científica, a metodologias de ensino, à experimentação científica na DdC, em relação aos currículos de ciência e aos livros didáticos; e autores que são referenciados em relação à Filosofia da Ciência.
Cidade, pedagogia e rap
Authors: Guerra Paula
Published: August 2020

O rap é a banda sonora de muitas cidades, especialmente de certas zonas desfavorecidas nas cidades portuguesas. Os jovens usam a música para reverter a sua situação de marginalização, criticar a sociedade que os marginaliza, mas, também, como um veículo de mobilização comunitária. Assim, procuramos analisar as representações sobre a cidade evidenciadas em quatro canções rap portuguesas através das principais temáticas abordadas cruzadas simultaneamente com questões étnicas imanentes ao capital subcultural racializado. Esta análise é crucial para apreendermos a importância das criações artísticas contemporâneas de forma dialógica, como reflexo das complexidades societais e formas de representação e de intervenção sociais. Esta condição é outrossim uma demonstração das virtualidades do rap como instrumento pedagógico; mormente, como forma de promover o pensamento crítico e a intervenção política na linha de Freire (2005).
Devir criançando na invenção de outras metodologias (s)em pesquisas em educação
Authors: Andrade Elenise Cristina Pires , Nery Vívian Carla Reis , Imbassay Joana Frank
Published: August 2020

Pretendemos, com esse texto, abrirmo-nos à invasão de um movimento maquínico: criançar devindo. Devir, em uma vontade de fissurar as lógicas estruturantes tanto das pesquisas e(m) educação quanto no que se refere às escolhas epistemológicas e metodológicas. Imagens e(m) infâncias como gestos de resistência à captura e formatação do pensamento, efemeridade intensiva ao Aion a nos proporcionar o movimento ‘gerúndio’ de rizoma na/através das pesquisas (s)em educação. Quais (des)afetos ao texto, às ideias, ao tempo aiônico, às imagens fotográficas um devir-criança pode fissurar nos movimentos performáticos sensíveis e(m) educação? Propomos, então, algumas provocações, novos trajetos metodológicos, invenções que não apenas deem espaço para os diferentes agenciamentos, mas que os reconheçam como elementos para (des)construções do conhecimento assim como de suas expressões. Possibilidades de um criançar, em que potentes invenções experimentais optam pelos entre meios de tempos a estimularem a inventividade criativa.
Ações ambientais no processo de gestão de empreendimentos rodoviários na Amazônia Mato-Grossense
Authors: Rossetto Onelia Carmem , Dalla Nora Giseli
Published: August 2020

A Educação Ambiental representa um subprograma de relevância durante o processo de licenciamento ambiental de empreendimentos rodoviários e assume conotações peculiares em biomas vulneráveis como a Amazônia Mato-Grossense. Para tanto, alguns atores, como gestores públicos municipais e sociedade civil, representam sujeitos da pesquisa que teve como objetivos analisar a forma como concebem os problemas socioambientais, como organizam a estrutura de governança em relação às questões ambientais e identificar como articulam suas ações aos mecanismos de controle social e ao desenvolvimento de ações ambientais no âmbito formal e não-formal da educação. Os pressupostos metodológicos consistiram na coleta de dados secundários, pesquisa documental, diagnóstico socioambiental participativo. Os resultados levantados com as oficinas realizadas  apontam que a realidade socioambiental é a base de sustentação das ações e o controle social é limitado pela ideia de que os conselhos são instâncias deliberativas e não decisórias.
O protagonismo de uma escola indígena da etnia Terena em Mato Grosso do Sul no processo de retomada de território tradicional da terra indígena Buriti
Authors: Alves Gerson Pinto , Medeiros Heitor Queiroz de
Published: August 2020

O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar o envolvimento da Escola Indígena Terena Alexina Rosa Figueredo, da Aldeia Buriti, em Mato Grosso do Sul, no processo de retomada de território originário dos Terena, buscando entender como se deu a participação da escola, assim como a proposta de compor o projeto político pedagógico da escola em articulação com o movimento de militância pela retomada do terriório. A metodologia utilizada para produção e análise dos dados da pesquisa busca a articulação de diversos procedimentos, como analise documental, entrevistas com anciões e lideranças da aldeia, docentes e discentes da escola indígena, bem como análise PPP da escola. A pesquisa contribui para a compreensão de como o protagonismo da escola possibilita que se efetive uma educação escolar indígena realmente diferenciada e que atenda aos interesses da comunidade Terena.
New optimality conditions in vector continuous-time programming
Authors: Jovic Aleksandar
Published: August 2020

In this work vector continuous-time programming problem with inequality constraints is considered. The necessary and sufficient optimality conditions under generalized concavity assumptions are established. The results were formulated using differentiability.
Novel Long Noncoding RNA lnc-URIDS Delays Diabetic Wound Healing by Targeting Plod1
Authors: Hu Mengdie , Wu Yuxi , Yang Chuan , Wang Xiaoyi , Wang Wei , Zhou Liyan , Zeng Tingting , Zhou Jing , Wang Chuan , Lao Guojuan , Yan Li , Ren Meng
Published: August 2020

Impaired wound healing is one of the main causes of diabetic foot ulcerations. However, the exact mechanism of delayed wound healing in diabetes is not fully understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely involved in a variety of biological processes and diseases, including diabetes and its associated complications. In this study, we identified a novel lncRNA, MRAK052872, named lncRNA UpRegulated in Diabetic Skin (lnc-URIDS), which regulates wound healing in diabetes. lnc-URIDS was highly expressed in diabetic skin and dermal fibroblasts treated with advanced glycation end products (AGEs). lnc-URIDS knockdown promoted migration of dermal fibroblasts under AGEs treatment in vitro and accelerated diabetic wound healing in vivo. Mechanistically, lnc-URIDS interacts with procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (Plod1), a critical enzyme responsible for collagen cross-linking. The binding of lnc-URIDS to Plod1 results in a decreased protein stability of Plod1, which ultimately leads to the dysregulation of collagen production and deposition and delays wound healing. Collectively, this study identifies a novel lncRNA that regulates diabetic wound healing by targeting Plod1. The findings of the current study offer some insight into the potential mechanism for the delayed wound healing in diabetes and provide a potential therapeutic target for diabetic foot.
Epigenetic Changes in Islets of Langerhans Preceding the Onset of Diabetes
Authors: Ouni Meriem , Saussenthaler Sophie , Eichelmann Fabian , Jähnert Markus , Stadion Mandy , Wittenbecher Clemens , Rönn Tina , Zellner Lisa , Gottmann Pascal , Ling Charlotte , Schulze Matthias B. , Schürmann Annette
Published: August 2020

The identification of individuals with a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) is fundamental for prevention. Here, we used a translational approach and prediction criteria to identify changes in DNA methylation visible before the development of T2D. Islets of Langerhans were isolated from genetically identical 10-week-old female New Zealand Obese mice, which differ in their degree of hyperglycemia and in liver fat content. The application of a semiexplorative approach identified 497 differentially expressed and methylated genes (P = 6.42e-09, hypergeometric test) enriched in pathways linked to insulin secretion and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction. The comparison of mouse data with DNA methylation levels of incident T2D cases from the prospective European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort, revealed 105 genes with altered DNA methylation at 605 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites, which were associated with future T2D. AKAP13, TENM2, CTDSPL, PTPRN2, and PTPRS showed the strongest predictive potential (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values 0.62–0.73). Among the new candidates identified in blood cells, 655 CpG sites, located in 99 genes, were differentially methylated in islets of humans with T2D. Using correction for multiple testing detected 236 genes with an altered DNA methylation in blood cells and 201 genes in diabetic islets. Thus, the introduced translational approach identified novel putative biomarkers for early pancreatic islet aberrations preceding T2D.
Intercensal and Postcensal Estimation of Population Size for Small Geographic Areas in the United States
Authors: Wang Yan
Published: August 2020

IntroductionPopulation estimation techniques are often used to provide updated data for a current year. However,estimates for small geographic units, such as census tracts in the United States, are typically notavailable. Yet there are growing demands from local policy making, program planning and evaluationpractitioners for such data because small area population estimates are more useful than those forlarger geographic areas.

ObjectivesTo estimate the population sizes at the census block level by subgroups (age, sex, and race/ethnicity)so that the population data can be aggregated up to any target small geographic areas.

MethodsWe estimated the population sizes by subgroups at the census block level using an intercensal ap-proach for years between 2000 and 2010 and a postcensal approach for the years following the2010 decennial census (2011-2017). Then we aggregated the data to the county level (intercensalapproach) and incorporated place level (postcensal approach) and compared our estimates to corre-sponding US Census Bureau (the Census) estimates.

ResultsOverall, our intercensal estimates were close to the Census’ population estimates at the countylevel for the years 2000-2010; yet there were substantive errors in counties where population sizesexperienced sudden changes. Our postcensal estimates were also close to the Census’ populationestimates at the incorporated place level for years closer to the 2010 decennial census.

ConclusionsThe approaches presented here can be used to estimate population sizes for any small geographicareas based on census blocks. The advantages and disadvantages of their application in public healthpractice should be considered.
Social science and the complexity of tropical medicine
Authors: Gaus David
Published: August 2020

In the name of biomedicine, humankind has witnessed incredible advances in causative agents, life cycles, treatment, and prevention of many population-crushing parasitic, bacterial, and viral infections such as Malaria, Typhoid, and Yellow Fever. Originally designed to protect imperial troops in tropical climates from maladies previously unknown in the fatherland, the now anachronistic term "tropical medicine" attempts to capture the interplay of local culture, poverty, and the environment - areas where biomedicine encounters major limitations. The existence of the thirteen "Neglected Tropical Diseases" (NTDs) responsible for disabling conditions that mostly affect the world's poorest populations, are a testament to the shortcomings of biomedically-driven tropical medicine.
Solar photocatalysis mediated by ZnO for the removal of last traces of Indigo carmine dye pollutant from water
Authors: Vijayan Veena , Yesodharan Suguna , Yesodharan E. P.
Published: August 2020

Solar photocatalysis as a potential green technology for the removal of traces of the dye pollutant Indigo carmine (IC) from water is investigated using ZnO as the catalyst. Degradation/decolorization alone does not result in complete decontamination as seen from the significant Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of water even after the parent compound has disappeared completely. The degradation proceeds through many intermediates which also get mineralized eventually but slowly. Oxalic acid is identified as a stable slow mineralizing degradation product which itself is formed from other transient intermediates. Effect of various parameters such as catalyst dosage, concentration of the dye, pH, temperature, presence of contaminant salts etc. on the degradation is investigated and quantified. Oxidants such as S2O82- and H2O2 have only moderate influence on the degradation. The degradation follows variable kinetics depending on the concentration of the substrate. The reaction proceeds very slowly in the absence of O2 indicating the importance of reactive oxygen species and hydroxyl free radicals in photocatalysis. H2O2 formed insitu in the system undergoes concurrent decomposition resulting in stabilization in its concentration. The study demonstrates that solar photocatalysis can be used as a viable tool for the purification of water contaminated with traces of IC.
Keragaan Agronomi Tanaman Kelapa Sawit pada Cekaman Kering Periodik
Authors: Evizal Rusdi , Wibowo Lestari , Novpriasyah Hery , Sarno  , Sari Rina Yunika , Prasmatiwi Fembriarti Erry
Published: August 2020

Variabilitas iklim seperti musim kering, defisit air, dan “dry spell” sangat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan hasil kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari keragaan agronomi tanaman kelapa sawit akibat kekeringan periodik khususnya pada periode 2011-2015 di perkebunan swasta di Lampung yang mengelola 4900 ha kebun sawit. Pengamatan dilakukan pada Juni-September 2016 (setahun setelah kemarau panjang 2015) untuk mengumpulkan data agronomi dari pohon sawit yang dipilih secara random dari blok kebun yang ditentukan secara purposif mewakili tanaman sawit muda (umur 3-8 tahun), remaja (umur 9-13 tahun), dewasa (umur 14-20 tahun), dan tua (umur 21-24 tahun). Data sekunder produksi dan iklim dari perusahaan dan Stasiun Pengamatan Iklim Radin Intan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa perkebunan kelapa sawit di Lampung menghadapi kekeringan periodik yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi. Pada periode 2011-2015 ada 3-5 bulan kering dengan defisit air 190 mm (stadium I), 285-359 mm (stadium II) dan  406 mm (stadium III), dengan dry spell maksimum mencapai 45-51 hari (kategori kekeringan sangat  panjang) sampai 126 (kategori kekeringan ekstrim). Keragaan agronomi ditunjukkan oleh rendahnya tegakan pohon per hektar (SPH) dengan model penurunan SPH tertinggi y = -2,8649x + 150,99 (nilai R2 = 0,89, x = umur kelapa sawit). Kebun kelapa sawit tua memiliki SPH yang rendah. Setahun setelah kemarau pohon tua yang memiliki lebih banyak pelepah patah dan lebih sedikit bunga betina yang mengindikasikan pengaruh kekeringan yang berat. Produksi tandan tidak berbeda nyata antar kategori umur kelapa sawit.
Risk of eating disorder in Colombian women who go to the gym
Authors: Restrepo Jorge , Castañeda Quirama Tatiana
Published: August 2020

Background: Mental health in gyms has not been a topic of study in Colombia. Social stereotypes of beauty and dissatisfaction with body image make women a population prone to excessive exercise. This research analyzes the risk of eating disorder in women who attend gyms (comparing ages), its relationship with the frequency of physical exercise and the use of diet to improve physical appearance. Methods: 519 women with ages between 15 and 50 years participated. The EAT-26 Eating Attitude Test was used, a standardized procedure to estimate the frequency of physical exercise and a brief socio-demographic survey. Results: The percentages of women with risk (46.8%) of TBI and without risk (53.2%) are similar, the factor scores and the total of the EAT-26 only show significant differences in the age range 15 -19 and 20-24, no significant correlations were found between the factors and the total score of the EAT-26 and the measure of the frequency of physical exercise, and there is an association between the risk of eating disorders and diet to improve the physical image. Conclusion: The percentage of women at risk for eating disorders is higher than those reported for high school students, university students, and athletes. A very high percentage of gym users would be compromising their mental health in some way, considering the frequency values of physical exercise.
Comparison of cardiac magnetic resonance and cardiac ultrasound imaging findings in congenital and acquired heart diseases
Authors: Serinsoz Serdar , Akturk Remzi , Bayramoglu Sibel
Published: August 2020

Objective: Nowadays, non-invasive methods are emerging in the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic performance of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and cardiac ultrasound imaging (Echo) in cardiac patients diagnosed with Echo previously. Methods: In a total of 32 various cardiac patients with Echo findings including congenital and acquired heart pathologies who applied to our clinic were included in the study. The distribution of cardiac pathologies including valve dysfunctions, right and left ventricular wall lesions and movement disorders, atrioventricular hypertrophy, septal defect, pericardial effusion-mass, additional congenital or acquired vascular pathologies and additional thoracic pathology, age and gender correlations were determined. The CMR and Echo findings were compared statistically. Results: It was found that 12 (37.5%) of the individuals were female, 20 (62.5%) were male, aged between 6 and 80 years with an average age of 29.9 years. The cardiac parameters were positive in 27 (84.4%) patients according to Echo and were positive in 22 (68.8%) patients according to CMR. There was no statistically significant correlation between CMR and Echo for cardiac pathology detection rates (p > 0.05). However, only 18 out of 22 patients who were positive on CMR were positive on Echo. CMR was superior in detecting congenital cardiac pathologies. Conclusion: Echo has a diagnostic advantage and in general, CMR and Echo findings overlap in cases with valve dysfunctions, ventricular wall motion disorders, and hypertrophy, whereas we found that Echo findings were insufficient for diagnosis of congenital heart pathologies.