bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic performance evaluation of different TI-RADS using ultrasound computer-aided diagnosis of thyroid nodules: An experience with adjusted settings
Authors: Chambara Nonhlanhla , Liu Shirley Y. W. , Lo Xina , Ying Michael
Published: January 2021

Background

Thyroid cancer diagnosis has evolved to include computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) approaches to overcome the limitations of human ultrasound feature assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a CAD system in thyroid nodule differentiation using varied settings.

Methods

Ultrasound images of 205 thyroid nodules from 198 patients were analysed in this retrospective study. AmCAD-UT software was used at default settings and 3 adjusted settings to diagnose the nodules. Six risk-stratification systems in the software were used to classify the thyroid nodules: The American Thyroid Association (ATA), American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting, and Data System (ACR-TIRADS), British Thyroid Association (BTA), European Union (EU-TIRADS), Kwak (2011) and the Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR). The diagnostic performance of CAD was determined relative to the histopathology and/or cytology diagnosis of each nodule.

Results

At the default setting, EU-TIRADS yielded the highest sensitivity, 82.6% and lowest specificity, 42.1% while the ATA-TIRADS yielded the highest specificity, 66.4%. Kwak had the highest AUROC (0.74) which was comparable to that of ACR, ATA, and KSThR TIRADS (0.72, 0.73, and 0.70 respectively). At a hyperechoic foci setting of 3.5 with other settings at median values; ATA had the best-balanced sensitivity, specificity and good AUROC (70.4%; 67.3% and 0.71 respectively).

Conclusion

The default setting achieved the best diagnostic performance with all TIRADS and was best for maximizing the sensitivity of EU-TIRADS. Adjusting the settings by only reducing the sensitivity to echogenic foci may be most helpful for improving specificity with minimal change in sensitivity.
Raúl Castro a la hora de las decisiones
Authors: Habel Janette
Published: January 2021

Este artículo trata sobre el nuevo rol político de Raúl Castro en Cuba. Su misión no es fácil. Debe redefinir un proyecto de desarrollo viable en condiciones históricas y geopolíticas nuevas; garantizar la estabilidad del país; organizar el relevo entre los antiguos dirigentes históricos y las nuevas generaciones; y, además, iniciar negociaciones con la administración Obama. ¿Se podrá hablar en adelante de un «raulismo» o se seguirá imponiendo el «fidelismo»? Asimismo, ¿cómo salvaguardar la soberanía e independencia, junto a las principales conquistas sociales desde hace cincuenta años, mientras al mismo tiempo se llevan a cabo las reformas «estructurales » y se intenta normalizar relaciones con el continente, específicamente con Estados Unidos? Esa respuesta, que no es obvia, la debe dar Raúl Castro.
Cuba y la OEA: cambio y continuidad
Authors: López Levy Arturo
Published: January 2021

La Carta de la OEA proclamó la norma de gobernabilidad democrática que validó la importancia de la democracia representativa como central a la paz y estabilidad del hemisferio occidental. Aunque ese compromiso normativo tuvo sentido en la era de la política del buen vecino, el multilateralismo y la no intervención, el abandono por Estados Unidos de esos principios desde la administración Eisenhower debilitó la norma y creó una crisis de legitimidad en la OEA a raíz de los casos de Guatemala en 1954 y Cuba en 1962. La aprobación de la Resolución VI en la reunión de cancilleres de 1962, excluyendo a Cuba de la OEA debido a la ideología marxista de su gobierno fue un caso de institucionalización contraproducente de la norma de gobernabilidad democrática. Este artículo explora el ciclo de retroceso y renovación de la norma de gobernabilidad democrática a través del examen del tratamiento de Cuba en la OEA desde 1962 hasta la Asamblea General n.° 39 de la OEA en San Pedro Sula en junio de 2009.
¿Qué pasa con el petróleo colombiano?
Authors: Puyana Alicia
Published: January 2021

RESUMEN: Colombia es productor y exportador medio de crudo con costos entre altos y moderados. En los últimos 20 años, transitó de los contratos de riesgo compartido a las concesiones y la privatización parcial de ECOPETROL. Los objetivos fueron incrementar las inversiones en exploración, prolongar la vida útil de las reservas y garantizar la autonomía energética nacional, los ingresos fiscales y de divisas. La evaluación de la privatización parte de la apreciación del estado financiero de ECOPETROL, las utilidades antes y después de impuestos y los cambios en la relación entre utilidades brutas y netas; regalías; dividendos e inversiones. Se prueba el supuesto de que la privatización de la empresa no era necesaria financieramente y que sí hay sacrificio de renta a favor de los inversionistas, sin mayores aumentos en inversión y reservas. Esta exploración pregunta cuál fue la razón de la privatización y cuáles sus efectos. En este sentido, contribuye a evaluar proyectos privatizadores similares. ABSTRACT: Colombia is a medium size oil producer and exporter with relatively high costs. Colombia transited from risk sharing contracts to a new version of concessions approved in 2004 and the privatization of part of the state oil company ECOPETROL. This article measures the impact of the concession contracts in terms of increased investments in exploration, production and reserves. The privatization is evaluated considering the increased value of the shares and the distribution of dividends compared with the trajectory of royalties, taxes and total investments. Small increases in production did take place and some reserves were discovered. The experiences of Colombia illustrate the reasons and effects of oil privatization for countries of similar characteristics.
Los caminos de la modernidad: comparando a Europa y Estados Unidos con América latina
Authors: López-Alves Fernando
Published: January 2021

Se ha argumentado que América Latina no contribuyó a la modernidad y la expansión de lo que la literatura ha llamado «el Occidente moderno». Sin embargo, en lugar de sólo imitar, reaccionar o ajustarse a los paradigmas de la modernidad (y de la globalización), la región elaboró y creó modernidad durante el siglo XIX e inicios del siglo XX. Esto puede observarse en dos procesos distintos pero relacionados entre sí: la formación del Estado-Nación y la conceptualización de la Nación. Aun cuando América Latina sí miró a Europa y a Estados Unidos (EE.UU.) como posibles modelos e incluso intentó emular algo de su modernidad, ningún país latinoamericano creyó seriamente que podría reproducir a Europa o a EE.UU. Más bien, en el contexto del poscolonialismo, la región fue pionera en algunos de los preceptos de modernidad. El resultado fue, como estas breves comparaciones con Europa y EE.UU. sugieren, un camino distinto a la modernidad que posteriormente, durante el siglo XX, se podía encontrar en otros lugares del sistema global.
Liberalismo radical, reformista y frustrado: orígenes de los regímenes nacionales en América central
Authors: Mahoney James
Published: January 2021

Durante el siglo XX, los países de América Central se caracterizaron por tener regímenes políticos muy diferentes: el autoritarismo militar en Guatemala y El Salvador; la democracia progresista en Costa Rica y el autoritarismo tradicional en Honduras y Nicaragua. Este artículo explica los resultados de estos distintos regímenes mediante la exploración de las reformas agrarias y de la construcción del Estado llevadas a cabo por los líderes políticos durante el siglo XIX y principios del periodo de reformas liberales del siglo XX. Basándose en las diferencias de la transformación del Estado y de las estructuras de clases, se pueden identificar tres tipos de liberalismo: liberalismo radical en Guatemala y El Salvador; liberalismo reformista en Costa Rica y liberalismo frustrado en Honduras y Nicaragua. Se argumenta que estos tipos de liberalismo condujeron a los países de América Central a caminos contrarios al desarrollo político, culminando así en regímenes con resultados diversos.
TDT en Argentina y Chile: las dinámicas de poder en el proceso de selección del estándar tecnológico ISDB-TB
Authors: Rodríguez Miranda Carla
Published: January 2021

El artículo analiza la formación de las políticas públicas de comunicación sobre la selección del estándar técnico para la televisión digital terrestre en Argentina y Chile. El estudio de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo indaga sobre las tensiones, articulaciones y dinámicas de los actores nacionales y supranacionales (Estado, radiodifusores, consorcios de las normas técnicas y sociedad civil) que participaron en el proceso a partir de fines de la década de 1990, con la incorporación del tema de la televisión digital terrestre a la agenda pública, hasta agosto/septiembre de 2009 con la adopción del sistema japonés-brasileño
El peso político del pasado: factores que inciden en la formulación de las políticas de la memoria en Argentina y Chile
Authors: Solís Delgadillo Juan Mario
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo explica por qué los presidentes argentinos y chilenos creen importante seguir afrontando el pasado político de sus países; o dicho en otras palabras, por qué ningún mandatario se resiste a la tentación de injerir en el tema de las políticas públicas de la memoria a través de distintas estrategias con costos políticos variables. En ese sentido, se intenta explicar qué factores inciden con mayor fuerza en la toma de decisiones de los presidentes argentinos y chilenos a la hora de aprobar políticas públicas hacia el pasado. A raíz del análisis efectuado por medio de regresiones logísticas, se estima que en cuanto a las políticas de reparación, la ideología de los mandatarios importa, aunque no sean precisamente los gobernantes más a la izquierda del espectro los que se distingan en la aprobación de estas medidas. En las políticas de justicia, el análisis arroja que éstas son particularmente propicias en momentos de coyuntura crítica. Y en cuanto a las políticas simbólicas, los aniversarios no son tan decisivos como se pudiera esperar.
Renovación de la enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación superior. Estrategia para el análisis de los procesos socioambientales y la transformación del paisaje en México
Authors: Juan Pérez José Isabel
Published: January 2021

El territorio mexicano es complejo, se caracteriza por su diversidad ambiental, paisajística y sociocultural, es resultado de la interacción de divisiones geográficas naturales y divisiones político-administrativas en vinculación con las actividades económicas no sustentables que provocan transformación del paisaje en diversas regiones. En el año 2017 un grupo de investigadores de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México iniciaron el proyecto Red de comunidades para la renovación de la enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación superior (RECREA), teniendo como propósito promover una cultura de colaboración entre académicos de varias universidades mexicanas para la innovación y mejoramiento de la docencia y la investigación. Los ejes transversales para promover la renovación del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de la educación superior en México son tres: a) enfoque del pensamiento complejo, b) investigación-acción, y c) tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs), éstos en interacción con fundamentos de geografía ambiental, ecología cultural y técnicas de trabajo de campo, los cuales facilitaron el proceso de reflexión de los estudiantes y profesores en situaciones reales, espaciales y temporales de los procesos socioambientales y transformación del paisaje de la comunidad de Progreso Hidalgo, Estado de México. Los participantes en este proyecto concluyen que la interacción de fundamentos teóricos, métodos y técnicas vinculados con el pensamiento complejo, la investigación-acción y la aplicación de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación de este nuevo modelo educativo favorecieron la identificación y análisis de los procesos socioambientales y transformación del paisaje en la comunidad de Progreso Hidalgo.
De Gottwald a Franco: el exilio checo y eslovaco en la España franquista
Authors: Timko Maroš
Published: January 2021

El estudio está dedicado al asunto del exilio checo y eslovaco en la España de la posguerra. Mediante el análisis del discurso de los principales representantes del exilio se analiza su reflexión sobre la España franquista y sobre la evolución de la situación internacional. Aparte de los estudios de Jozef Cieker, Štefan Glejdura y Bohdan Chudoba publicados en España, el artículo está basado en las memorias de los estudiantes eslovacos, así como en los documentos archivísticos. Con el uso del método comparativo se estudian las relaciones entre los exiliados, interpretándolas en el contexto de la Guerra Fría.
Colombianas en Chile: tendencias y determinantes de la migración femenina
Authors: Bata-Balog Amadea , Thomázy Gabriella
Published: January 2021

La migración internacional Sur-Sur ha crecido significativamente en la última década y Chile es uno de los países receptores de la migración regional. Es así, que el número de los colombianos se multiplicó en los últimos 10 años destacando en la migración colombiana el aspecto femenino, ya que muchas mujeres buscan un empleo remunerado en el país andino, dejando a sus hijos y familiares en el país de origen. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal constatar cuáles son las tendencias actuales y los nuevos desafíos de las colombianas en Chile: las estadísticas disponibles, entrevistas y otros datos permiten analizar las tendencias. ¿Cuáles son los desafíos más importantes de las colombianas? ¿por qué vienen a Chile? y ¿cómo ha cambiado la vida de ellas con las recientes dificultades que impuso la llegada de la covid-19?
Górcső alatt: büntetőítéletek és bírói munka nőkkel szembeni erőszak ügyekben
Authors: Sebestyén Andrea
Published: January 2021

Jelen írásom a közelmúltban megvédett doktori dolgozatom A bírói döntéshozatal kritikai elemzésének lehetőségei feminista jogászi perspektívából ötödik fejezetén alapul. Ez a dolgozat gyakorlati fejezete, magyarországi eseteket elemez. Célom az, hogy a normatív jogfelfogással szemben megmutassam, lehet kreatívan szakmai kritikát írni, kvalitatív módszerekkel akár ítéletek mélyére, közvetve az azokat szerző bírók értékrendjébe is bele látni. Van lehetőség arra, hogy rávilágítsunk a nemekről berögzült sztereotipikus elgondolásokra és arra, hogyan nyernek ezek a jog világában, annak nyelvezetére lefordítva értelmet. Az értekezés hoz példát olyan bírói megnyilvánulásra, ami mereven a klasszikus nemi szerepfelfogás mentén, nagyfokú szubjektivitással és saját erkölcsi normák nyomán ítélkezik; azonban olyan hozzáállásra is, ami az eset összes körülményét gondosan feltárva, a konkrét cselekményeket tágabb kontextusba helyezve, a felek egymáshoz való viszonyát kölcsönösen megismert valóságuknak megfelelően kezeli.
Halálperformanszok Patti Smith memoárjában (M Train, 2015)
Authors: Taskovics Viktória
Published: January 2021

Patti Smith 2015-ben megjelent M Train című memoárjának középpontjában az egyéni és kollektív halálesetek traumatikus tapasztalata áll. Memoárja céljának az utazáson, zarándoklaton keresztül történő gyászfeldolgozás és annak megírása tekinthető. Smith elbeszélőjének csavargása nem csak a narratívában említett fizikai terekben megy végbe, hanem a textuális térben egybefonódó identitáskoncepciók, emlékezettöredékek és irodalmi szövegek között is. Az elhunytakkal való találkozás lehetőségét, illetve annak illúzióját az elbeszélés, a textuális tér jelenti Smith narrátora számára, aki önmagát olvassa és írja bele különféle terekbe és történetekbe: „Azért írok, hogy legyen mit olvasnom.” Az M Train megállóit ezek az intermediális találkozási pontok képezik, azonban ezek mesterséges mivoltával kénytelen szembesülni az önéletírását olvasó narrátor, aki saját fikciójának csapdájában találja magát.
Optical Studies of Binary Mixture of Chloro Substituted
Benzene and n-Hexane or Cyclohexane or 1,4-Dioxane
Authors: ANSHU  , RANI MANJU , MAKEN SANJEEV
Published: January 2021

Thermophysical properties of binary liquid mixtures are highly beneficial for getting information about the intermolecular interactions
and geometrical effects in the system. The chloro-substituted benzene compounds like 2-chlorotoluene, 4-chlorotoluene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene
also have wide range of industrial and biomedical areas. In present work, the refractive indices (n) of haloarenes, hydrocarbons, ether, and
respective possible binary mixtures were experimentally determined over the entire compositions at T= (298.15-318.15) K. The mixtures
selected were 2-chlorotoluene or 4-chlorotoluene or 1,3-dichlorobenzene (1) + n-hexane or cyclohexane or 1,4-dioxane (2) with its possible
combinations. The Δn is positive for all binary mixtures at all investigated compositions. Different rules of mixing like Lorentz-Lorentz,
Erying-John, Arago-Biot, etc. were also used to predict n values. The Δn values were also analyzed in terms of ongoing intermolecular
interactions among the components of the selected system.
Identification of Tartaric Acid Adduct Impurities in Dipyridamole
Capsule Formulation Related Substances Method
Authors: NAGADEEP J. , KAMARAJ P. , ARTHANAREESWARI M. , VIVEKANAND P.A.
Published: January 2021

Two tartaric acid adduct degradation products namely dipyridamole tartaric acid monoester and dipyridamole ditartaric acid ester are
observed in a dipyridamole capsule formulation. The adduct impurities are inevitable in the formulation due to the interaction of multilayers
of dipyridamole on tartaric acid pellets. Present study reported a simple procedure for generating these two major adducts degradation
products from a mixture of dipyridamole drug substance and tartaric acid by stress study. The obtained stress mixture was characterized
by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to assure the identity of adduct degradant impurities. The obtained solid
stress mixture was stable for more than one year and the prepared solution can be used as reference solution to identify both the degradants
during related substance analysis. Practically, the identification of tartaric acid degradants applied to the British pharmacopeia monograph
related substances method, where no mechanism for identification of these adduct impurities was described. This study establishes
relative retention times for the British pharmacopeia method, which enables the chemist to monitor these two major degradants during
quality control release testing and shelf life stability. The same kind of experimental approach for identifying tartaric acid adduct impurities
in the British pharmacopeia method can be extended to any of the in-house laboratory-developed related substance methods.
Volumetric and Acoustic Properties of D(+) Glucosamine·HCl and
L-Lysine·HCl in Aqueous Solutions at Different Temperatures
Authors: MOSES J.M. , DESHMUKH D.W. , TANGDE V.M. , DHONDGE A.S. , PALIWAL L.J. , DHONDGE S.S.
Published: January 2021

In present work, density and speed of sound of aqueous binary mixtures of biologically important amino acid derivatives namely D(+)
glucosamine·HCl and L-lysine·HCl have been measured at three different temperatures i.e. (278.15, 288.15 and 298.15) K and in the
concentration range of 0.0-0.2 mol kg-1. Using density and speed of sound data, different thermodynamic and acoustic parameters like
apparent molar volume (Vφ) and apparent molar isentropic compression (Kφ) of solute have been computed at different temperatures.
Speed of sound data have also been used to calculate hydration number (nH) of solute. The temperature dependence of the limiting
apparent molar volume of solute has been used to calculate thermal expansion coefficient (α*), apparent molar expansivity (E0
φ) of solute
and Hepler’s constant (∂2V0
φ/∂T2). The final outcome of the study has been discussed in terms of various interactions among solute and
solvent molecules.
Syntheses, Structures, Magnetic Properties and Antibacterial Activities of Two Copper(II) Azido Complexes with Varied Nuclearities Containing Symmetrical 1,3-Diammine as Chelator
Authors: Chowdhury Habibar , Adhikary Chandan
Published: January 2021

Two copper(II) azido complexes of the types mononuclear [Cu(TMEDA)2(N3)2] (1) and dinuclear
[Cu(TMEDA)(μ1,1-N3)(N3)]2 (2) [TMEDA = trimethylenediamine; N3
– = azide ion] have been
synthesized and characterized. X-ray structural analysis revealed that each copper(II) center in complex
1 adopts a distorted octahedron geometry with a CuN6 chromophore ligated through four N atoms of
two different symmetrical TMEDA ligands as bidentate chelator and two N atoms of two terminal
azides. In complex 2, each copper(II) center adopts a distorted square pyramidal geometry with a
CuN5 chromophore ligated through two N atoms of TMEDA as bidentate chelator and two N atoms of
two different azides as μ1,1-N3 bridging mode and one N atom of terminal azide ion. The two copper
centers are connected through double μ1,1-N3 bridges affording a dinuclear structure with Cu···Cu
separation 3.327(2) Å. In crystalline state, mononuclear units in complex 1 are associated through
intermolecular N-H···N and C-H···N hydrogen bonds to form a 2D sheet structure viewed along
crystallographic b-axis, whereas dinuclear entities in complex 2 are propagated through intermolecular
N-H···N and C-H···N hydrogen bonds to form a 3D network structure viewed along crystallographic
a-axis. The Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurement evidenced a dominant
antiferromagnetic interaction between the metal centers through μ1,1-azide bridges in complex 2 with J =
− 0.40 cm-1. The antibacterial activities of the complexes have also been studied.
Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating HPLC Method for Empagliflozin and Linagliptin in Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Dayyih Wael Abu , Ani Israa Al , Al-Shdefat Ramadan I. , Zakareia Zainab , Hamid Sarah Ali , Shakya Ashok K.
Published: January 2021

A simple, stability indicating high performance liquid chromatographical (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the estimation of empagliflozin and linagliptin in combined dosage forms. Chromatographical separation was optimized by isocratic HPLC using C-18 column [BDS 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm] utilizing a mobile phase consisting a mixuture of 0.1% orthophosphoric acid and acetonitrile (60:40 v/v) running at a rate of 1 mL/min and monitoring effluents at 230 nm. The retention time of empagliflozin and linagliptin was 2.05 min and 4.10 min, respectively. Correlation coefficient (r2) was 0.999 for both empagliflozin and linagliptin. The precision of method for the analysis of empagliflozin and linagliptin were 0.33 and 0.22, respectively. The accuracy of method (as recovery) was 100.96 to 101.48% for empagliflozin and 100.09 to101.13% for linagliptin. The results indicate the present method is accurate, precision and rugged as these results are within the specified limits. Therefore, the validated economical methodology can be applied for forced degradation study of empagliflozin and linagliptin in solid dosage forms.
Investigation of Aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in
Surface Sediments of Brunei Bay, East Malaysia
Authors: Pang S.Y. , Suratman S. , Tay J.H. , Tahir N. Mohd
Published: January 2021

The surface distributions of aliphatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
were investigated from coastal sediments of Brunei Bay, southern South China Sea. The concentrations
of total n-alkane (TNA) and 16 USEPA priority PAHs ranged from 0.67 to 9.88 μg/g and 4.72 to 102
ng/g, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) clustered the hydrocarbons in surface sediments
according to their relationship and geographical locations, anticipated to the inputs and activities in
proximity. Biomarker diagnostic ratios revealed that biogenic n-alkane inputs in the coastal sediments
are exported from the fluviomarine and mangrove swamp environment, while the PAHs inputs are
derived from mixed petrogenic and petroleum combustion residues. Overall, the level of PAHs in the
study area is between low to moderate, based on the comparison with other areas worldwide.
Synthetic, Spectroscopic and Biological Studies on Some
μ-Oxy-bis[triphenylantimony(V)]carboxylates and Cyclic Organoantimonates
Authors: ingh Surjeet S , Bahuguna Neha , Singhal Kiran , Raj Prem
Published: January 2021

A series of hitherto unreported μ-oxy-bis[triphenylantimony(V)]dicarboxylates and
μ-oxy-bis[triphenylantimony(V)] chlorocarboxylates of general formula Ph3Sb(L)-O-Sb(L)Ph3 and
Ph3Sb(Cl)-O-Sb(L)Ph3, respectively have been synthesized by the metathetical reaction of
μ-oxybis-[triphenylantimony(V)]dichloride and silver salts of corresponding carboxylic acids in 1:2
and 1:1 molar ratio [where L = thiosalicyclic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid,
p-fluorobenzoic acid, o-chlorobenzoic acid]. The newly isolated antimony carboxylates have been
identified on the basis of melting points, elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR,13C NMR, 19F NMR. The
molecular weight and conductivity data indicate the monomeric and non-electrolytic behaviour in
solution. Compounds have been evaluated for their antifungal and antibacterial activity.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Properties of [Cu2(μ-O2CC9H19)4(4-CNpy)2]
Authors: Sarmah Nirupamjit , Baruah Sukanya , Malakar Anup , Chakrabortty Monideepa , Banik Bhabatosh , Das Birinchi K.
Published: January 2021

Reports on the isolation and crystallographic characterization of metal carboxylates having long alkyl
chains are relatively rare. Herein, a dinuclear copper(II) tetracaprate (i.e. tetradecanoate) complex,
[Cu2(μ-O2CC9H19)4(4-CNpy)2] (I), where 4-CNpy = 4-cyanopyridine is reported. The complex has
been synthesized by a facile method and characterized by various physico-chemical techniques such
as IR and UV-vis spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurement and single crystal X-ray
diffraction. The structure is dimeric with the familiar paddle-wheel geometry, which was originally
observed in the structure of copper(II) acetate monohydrate. In the dimeric structure, both copper(II)
centres display distorted square pyramidal geometry. The substituted pyridine ligands occupy the
apical positions through the pyridyl nitrogen atoms. Complex I has been tested for antimicrobial
behaviour against a few bacterial strains. Owing to the redox-active nature of copper, complex I shows
considerable promise as an antimicrobial agent.
A Review on Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: RANA ABHINANDAN
Published: January 2021

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are inorganic-organic hybrid porous materials that are composed of positively charged metal ions and organic linkers. The metal ions form nodes that connect the arms of the linkers together to form one-, two-, or three-dimensional structures. Due to this void structure, MOFs have an unusually large internal surface area. They have received enormous interest in recent years particularly as newly developed porous materials. They possess a wide range of potential applications like gas storage, catalysis, sensors, drug delivery, adsorption, etc. In present review article, synthetic methods and applications of MOFs have been discussed.
Can Aromaticity of Fused Aromatic Ring in 1,3-Pentadiene Modulate
its Reactivity towards [1,5]-Halo Shift? - A DFT Study
Authors: Kalpana Padmanaban , Akilandeswari Lakshminarayanan
Published: January 2021

In (Z)-1,3-pentadienes, [1,5]-H migration is suprafacially allowed while fluorine shift in this system
takes place by a Contra Hoffmann antarafacial pathway for which aromaticity is the driving force. If
aromaticity of the transition structure (TS) can drive a reaction towards a disallowed pathway as found
in the case of fluorine, the role of aromatic ring annealed to (Z)-1,3-pentadienes in determining the
reaction pathway and barrier is worth noting. Hence, the combined role of aromaticity of transition
state and the loss in aromaticity of the annealed ring has been explored during the [1,5]-X (X = H, F,
Cl, Br) shifts in aromatic (benzene/naphthalene) annealed 1,3-pentadiene system. Notable correlations
between various aromaticity index NICS(0,1) with activation barriers show that aromaticity of transition
structure in pericyclic reaction can drive the stereochemical course of a reaction. The distinct effect of
fluorine to other halogens is the antara migration while the other halogens (Cl & Br) prefer supramode.
ON THE ISSUE OF QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF SECONDARY ACADEMICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Volkova S. S.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of evaluating the effectiveness of regional state budgetary secondary vocational institutions in the Altai Territory. The author analyzing the methods used in practice for assessing the activities of professional educational organizations, determines the degree of development of existing assessment models, and considers modern interpretations of the concepts of “criterion” and “indicator”.

The current practice of monitoring the activities of professional educational organizations allows to compare the content and structural elements of all existing systems, the results of which revealed duplication of criteria and a methodological error in the form of substitution of effectiveness indicators with performance indicators. To eliminate the identified violation, as well as the justification of decisions on the development of the vocational secondary education, the the author proposes the ways, improving the assessment system when conducting regional and federal monitoring of this area of activity through the development and application, also effectiveness and performance criteria.
ASSESSMENT OF GRAIN MARKET CONDITIONS AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF EXPORT POLICY IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Kundius V. A. , Kovaleva I. V. , Streltsova T. V.
Published: January 2021

The article considers the state and prospects of the Russian grain market, taking into account export opportunities, since the cultivation of grain crops is a system-forming for the economy of the Altai territory, on the state and development of which depends both the efficiency of enterprises associated with this industry, and the level of development of rural areas in General. The Altai territory is one of the ten largest grain-producing regions in Russia and has the largest areas of grain and leguminous crops in Russia. The share of grain production reaches 4.5% of the Russian indicator. Traditionally, in the region, the largest part of the grain production structure is wheat, but the demand in the interregional and global markets makes increasing demands on the quality of grain, the range of cereals, including those with improved environmental characteristics. In this regard, the authors of the article justify the appropriate adjustment of production, stimulating mechanisms for the development of export activities of agricultural and processing enterprises. It is shown that the natural — climatic and resource potential of the region allows growing rye, barley, buckwheat, soy, and others in demand on the world markets to produce organic products with the brand “Product of Altai”, which has proven itself in the markets as organic, environmentally friendly, natural products with high taste and useful properties for human health.
ON THE FORMATION OF A REGIONAL SYSTEM OF PREPARATION OF STAFF IN THE FIELD OF MANAGEMENT OF MULTI-APARTMENT HOUSES
Authors: Sterlyagov S. P. , Patudin V. M. , Fetisova S. Yu.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the main directions of formation of regional system of training in the management of apartment buildings in the Altai Territory: personnel training for management organizations, homeowners associations (associations of property owners); independent evaluation of the qualifications of specialists in the field of housing; housing education for owners of apartment buildings, The issues of the use of professional standards in the development of educational programs for training in the management of multi-apartment buildings are considered. The necessity of creating a remote training system for specialists in the management of apartment buildings in the Altai Territory is substantiated. The concept of a cloud implementation of the distance learning system as a set of specialized web services is proposed. The questions of creating a system of independent assessment of qualifications in the field of apartment building management are considered. The issues of the development of housing education as a mandatory element of the training system in the management of multi-apartment buildings are discussed. The information and service portal “Housing Education in Altai” as a distance platform for housing education is proposed as a tool for self-organization of the population in addressing the management of multi-apartment buildings.
Fenntartható élelmiszer-fogyasztás? – Lehetőségek az ökológiai lábnyom csökkentésére a magyar lakosság körében (Sustainable food consumption? – Opportunities to reduce the ecological footprint of the Hungarian population)
Authors: Vetőné Mózner Zsófia
Published: January 2021

Magyarországi fogyasztókról még nem készült olyan reprezentatív felmérés, amely az élelmiszer-fogyasztás környezetterhelését az ökológiai lábnyommal mérve számszerűsítette. A szerző kutatásában az élelmiszer- fogyasztásból származó ökológiai lábnyomot számszerűsítette és elemezte a magyar felnőtt lakosság körében. A cikkben először bemutatja a fenntartható élelmiszer-fogyasztás szakirodalomban található definícióit, majd a fenntartható és egészséges élelmiszer-fogyasztás mátrixát elemzi. Az elméleti áttekintést követően az empirikus kutatás eredményeinek ismertetése következik. ____ In her research the author quantified and analysed the ecological footprint from food consumption in the Hungarian adult population. In the article she presents the definitions of sustainable food consumption in the literature, and then analyses the matrix of sustainable and healthy food consumption. Following a theoretical overview the author presents the results of her empirical research.
­­DONAS DO PLACAR: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE RADIOJORNALISMO ESPORTIVO COM O PROTAGONISMO DAS MULHERES
Authors: Nascimento Fernanda , Chaves Leslie Sedrez
Published: January 2021

O protagonismo das mulheres no jornalismo esportivo é um desafio cultural e social. Nas coberturas esportivas, a visibilidade de homens é hegemônica entre atletas e profissionais da imprensa, sendo raras as exceções. No presente artigo, apresentamos os primeiros resultados do Donas do Placar, projeto de extensão que formou uma equipe de radiojornalismo formada exclusivamente por mulheres e realizou a transmissão experimental de jogos da Copa do Mundo de Futebol Feminino de 2019. As discentes que participaram do projeto desenvolvido no departamento de Jornalismo da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, produziram conteúdos multimídia e seu trabalho foi reconhecido pela comunidade local.
IDEOLOGIA DE GÊNERO VERSUS EDUCAÇÃO PARA A DIVERSIDADE: EMBATES ENTRE O CONSERVADORISMO E A RESISTÊNCIA DA POPULAÇÃO LGBTPQIA+
Authors: Vicente André Luíz Coutinho
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir como o acionamento da categoria “ideologia de gênero” desencadeou ações de supressão dos direitos sexuais no âmbito da educação, tendo em vista que há tensionamentos entre os segmentos conservadores e os movimentos favoráveis à educação para a diversidade o que, mesmo em um cenário que ameaça a prática docente, tem sido capaz de produzir resistências. Com esses ataques às formulações sobre gênero e sexualidades, a escola se tornou lócus de embates, e o professor foi lançado nessa arena como o inculcador de uma ideologia que abalaria a inocência das crianças e ameaçaria a família tradicional brasileira. Fora possível chegar a considerações que o sintagma “ideologia de gênero” não aparece nos documentos oficiais educacionais, o que configura um desconhecimento, por parte dos detratores do gênero, das políticas de educação.
A RELEVÂNCIA DE UMA EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL PARA JOVENS E ADULTOS COM DEFICIÊNCIAS
Authors: Pereira Maiara Cristina
Published: January 2021

Esse relato de experiência visa expor as atividades de educação sexual desenvolvidas junto a pessoas com deficiências matriculadas na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), no período de Março a Junho de 2018. Essa modalidade de ensino tem importância na educação dos mais vulneráveis, e ao falar sobre pessoas com deficiências, a EJA pode possibilitar cidadania para esses sujeitos. Partindo disso, na cidade de Jaú-SP, há um núcleo da EJA que visa à alfabetização desse público. No cotidiano escolar, esse núcleo apresentou necessidade de atividades sobre educação sexual, para isso, foram realizados dezessete encontros visando o desenvolvimento da mesma. No decorrer das atividades observou-se o interesse dos alunos sobre a temática. Também, identificou-se uma falta de bons materiais para trabalhar com pessoas com deficiências em fase de alfabetização. Ademais, percebeu-se a relevância de um(a) educador(a) sexual no cotidiano dos alunos para o desenvolvimento de um trabalho de qualidade.
TENSÕES E ENFRENTAMENTOS NA CAMPANHA ‘LIBERA MEU XIXI’ E A PRESENÇA DE PESSOAS TRANS NA UNIVERSIDADE
Authors: Ferrari Anderson , Bezerra Carolina dos Santos , De Castro Roney Polato
Published: January 2021

O artigo constrói um histórico da campanha “Libera Meu Xixi” na Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, visando problematizar as tensões e os efeitos que essa política produziu tanto internamente quanto na comunidade externa. A partir de uma discussão sobre o uso do banheiro por pessoas trans, discutimos a atuação da Universidade na garantia dos direitos dessa população em meio aos jogos de poder que enredam a micropolítica cotidiana. Pensando nos processos de democratização do ensino superior, argumenta-se sobre a necessidade de um debate mais amplo, que envolve a desnaturalização das noções binárias e cis-heteronormativas de gênero baseadas no biológico como reguladoras dos corpos e limitadoras das experiências dos sujeitos.
A BNCC E O COMPONENTE CURRICULAR DE HISTÓRIA – ENTRE COMPETÊNCIAS E HABILIDADES, COMO FICAM AS QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO?
Authors: Baptista Bruna Cruz
Published: January 2021

A partir da pesquisa “Investigando a importância do não dito – gênero e mulheres no livro didático de História”, buscamos analisar uma coleção de livros didáticos de história, aprovada pelo PNLD 2020, a partir do gênero como categoria de análise, com o propósito de visualizar como se apresentam as relações de gênero e o seu conceito. Por meio da seleção e exploração de uma das coleções aprovadas compreendemos que os livros didáticos que chegam às escolas estão diretamente relacionados às propostas das políticas públicas educacionais vigentes, como o PNLD e a BNCC. Sendo este um documento a nível nacional, uma coleção baseada nele, muito também pode nos dizer sobre as diretrizes nacionais sobre determinados assuntos. Buscamos com este trabalho apresentar uma síntese dos dados extraídos pela análise da BNCC, em que damos destaque como o tema das relações de gênero é abordado ou não neste documento norteador da educação.
PERSPECTIVAS SOBRE O PRESENTE: EDUCAÇÃO, GOVERNAMENTALIDADE E POLÍTICAS DE PRODUÇÃO DE VIDAS PRECÁRIAS
Authors: Santos Mitz Helena de Souza , Silva Robson Guedes da
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo busca discutir as possíveis relações entre neoliberalismo, governamentalidade e educação. Debatendo como as políticas públicas são operadores de uma governamentalidade. Intentando refletir sobre escola e democracia em tempos de isolamento social, em um primeiro momento, abordando as relações entre neoliberalismo e as novas sociabilidades em educação, num segundo momento pensando acerca de como os ordenamentos de mercado atribuem à educação em geral e, em particular à escola, a função de formação para o mercado. Por fim, compreendemos que as relações entre democracia e pandemia serviram de aporte para tentar justificar as formas remotas de trabalho, nelas incluídos processos de formação e novas subjetividades, além da naturalização da violência para com os corpos queer.
POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL DE ENFRENTAMENTO À VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL: A EXPERIÊNCIA URUGUAIA E AS POSSIBILIDADES PARA AVANÇAR NO BRASIL
Authors: Da Costa Cassiane , Notejane Alejandra , Narvaz Jussinara , Ferreira Bruna Pereira , Ferreira Eduarda Garcia
Published: January 2021

A violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes é uma grave violação aos direitos humanos que, infelizmente, é recorrente em países como Brasil e Uruguai. As políticas de enfrentamento a esse problema social precisam mergulhar na educação. Nesse sentido, propomo-nos a debater a possibilidade de criação de instrumentos direcionados à prevenção e ao enfrentamento da violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes na educação brasileira a partir do estudo da experiência uruguaia. Para tanto, utilizamos como base a pesquisa documental e a discussão sobre o tema a partir de grupo focal realizado em ambiente virtual com 14 professores(as) de escolas públicas e estudantes de licenciatura do Brasil. A política educacional uruguaia em questão já tem vários anos de implementação e fornece elementos que possibilitam elaborar proposições para o tema nas condições brasileiras. Dessa forma, podemos avançar na construção de um projeto educativo que promova a equidade de gênero.
Neuropsychological Syndrome and long term effects of Exposure to Organophosphate Pesticides in Humans
Authors: Zameer Dr.Maida , Siddique Dr. Sunbal , Baig Dr.Maria
Published: January 2021

Organophosphorous compounds, the anticholinesterases, produce significant morbidity and mortality in Pakistan. Neuropsychological assessment was traditionally carried out to assess the extent of impairment to a particular skill and to attempt to determine the area of the brain which may have been damaged following brain injury or neurological illness. With the advent of neuroimaging techniques, location of space-occupying lesions can now be more accurately determined through this method, so the focus has now moved on to the assessment of cognition and behaviour, including examining the effects of any brain injury or neuropathological process that a person may have experienced.
BACTERIAL URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (UTIS) AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSPECTIBILITY STUDY IN ALLIED AND DHQ HOSPITAL IN FAISALABAD, PUNJAB
Authors: Mehmood Dr.Saria , Fazal Dr. Ghanwa , Asghar Dr. Taram
Published: January 2021

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain the common infections diagnosed in outpatients as well as hospitalized patients. Current knowledge on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is essential for appropriate therapy.Bacterial UTIs can involve the urethra, prostate, bladder, or kidneys. Symptoms may be absent or include urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, lower abdominal pain, and flank pain.
A COMBINED STRAIN ELEMENT TO FUNCTIONALLY GRADED STRUCTURES IN THERMAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ton-That Hoang Lan
Published: January 2021

Functionally graded materials are commonly used in a thermal environment to change the properties of constituent materials. They inherently withstand high temperature gradients due to a low thermal conductivity, core ductility, low thermal expansion coefficient, and many others. It is essential to thoroughly study mechanical responses of them and to develop new effective approaches for an accurate prediction of solutions. In this paper, a new four-node quadrilateral element based on a combined strain strategy and first-order shear deformation theory is presented to achieve the behaviour of functionally graded plate/shell structures in a thermal environment. The main notion of the combined strain strategy is based on the combination of the membrane strain and the shear strain related to tying points as well as bending strain with respect to a cell-based smoothed finite element method. Due to the finite element analysis, the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is simple to implement and apply for structures, but the shear correction factors are used to achieve the accuracy of solutions. The author assumes that the temperature distribution is uniform throughout the structure. The rule of mixtures is also considered to describe the variation of material compositions across the thickness. Many desirable characteristics and the enforcement of this element are verified and proved through various numerical examples. Numerical solutions and a comparison with other available solutions suggest that the procedure based on this new combined strain element is accurate and efficient.
Numéro 159 - janvier 2021
Authors: Attanasi Gautier , Baurin Arno , Bodart Vincent , Courtoy François , Dallemagne Guillaume , Lachapelle Nathan , Ounnas Alexandre , Pourtois Mathilde , Sauvenier Mathieu
Published: January 2021

En forte récession durant la première partie de l’année écoulée, l’économie belge a connu un rebond spectaculaire au troisième trimestre 2020, qui n’a cependant permis de récupérer que 2/3 des pertes de production enregistrées durant les deux trimestres précédents.

Alors que dans notre étude de conjoncture d’il y a trois mois, nous anticipions le prolongement de la reprise économique au dernier trimestre 2020, le rebond de l’épidémie et le rétablissement d’un confinement partiel de l’économie ont balayé cette perspective. Il est ainsi plus que probable que l’économie belge se soit à nouveau contractée durant les trois derniers mois de 2020.

En ce qui concerne les perspectives économiques pour 2021, il est ici fait l’hypothèse que les campagnes de vaccination qui ont débuté contribueront à contrôler la maladie. Il est dès lors envisagé le retour progressif de conditions normales d’activité au cours des prochains mois.

Selon ce scénario, l’activité économique belge devrait retrouver une pente d’évolution positive à partir du premier trimestre 2021. Sa progression risque cependant d’être faible durant une bonne partie de l’année. D’une part, il est probable que des mesures de restriction de l’activité économique resteront en place encore plusieurs mois afin de maintenir l’épidémie sous contrôle. D’autre part, malgré les aides mises en place par les pouvoirs publics, la situation financière des ménages et des entreprises s’est dégradée en 2020.

Ainsi, alors qu’il est attendu une contraction de l’économie belge de près de 7 % en 2020, la croissance économique prévue pour 2021 serait limitée à 3,4 % en base annuelle. Cette projection implique que, fin 2021, le niveau du PIB belge serait encore inférieur - d’environ 2 % - à ce qu’il était avant la crise.

Résumé des prévisions pour la Belgique• L’économie belge devrait croître de 3,4 % en 2021.• L’emploi diminuerait d’environ 19.000 unités en 2021.• Le nombre de demandeurs d’emploi augmenterait de 52.600 unités en 2021.• L’inflation générale des prix à la consommation s’élèverait à 1,4 % en 2021.• Le déficit budgétaire des administrations publiques atteindrait 7,1 % en 2021.
Brief History of the American Optometric Foundation
Authors: Newcomb Robert D.
Published: January 2021

The American Optometric Foundation (AOF), an affiliate of the American Academy of Optometry and now called the American Academy of Optometry Foundation (AAOF), has a proud history of financially supporting graduate optometric education since 1947. This article reviews its mission, history, governance and success in establishing the requisite academic foundation for an ever-evolving independent health care profession.