bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metodologia analizei post‑săpătură a sitului de la Turdaş (I). Câteva observaţii legate de modalitatea de publicare şi interpretare a sistemului de fortificare / Post-excavation Analysis Methodology of Turdaş Site (I). Some Observations on Earlier Publication and Interpretation of the Fortified System
Authors: Suciu Cosmin Ioan
Published: March 2022

One recent study, published in 2014, is having my name as author along the name of the scientifically coordinator of the Turdaş-Luncă archaeological site Sabin Adrian Luca (I did not know about this article). Unfortunately the study is a copy/paste (and some minor added comments) of another study published two years earlier in some strange circumstances and the interpretations are solely assumed only by Sabin Adrian Luca. Those interpretations are in an advanced contradiction with the description of the archaeological features present in both studies. The methodology used for supporting the comments is subjective and we cannot agree with it because it is intended to change the real view and chronology of the fortified system from Turdaş site.
Din oglinda cu memorie.Calatoria fotografiei la Timisoara (1839-1855) / From the Mirror with a Memory-Travelling Photography towards Timisoara (1839-1855)
Authors: Graure Cristian
Published: March 2022

After Niepce perfected process of taking heliographs after nature and later on, with the discovery of the procedure of Daguerre, the photography was born into this world. With the public disclosure made by Daguerre at the French Academy of Science in 1839, the daguerreotype was introduced to the rest of the Europe an the World, specially to the Viennese people who had a representative at the French meeting that year in the person of Ethinghausen. He rapidly presented the process with his return to the Austrian people, who quickly was drawn by it and soon was improved by the local scientists and artists like A. Martin and Jozsef Petzval, who introduced for the first time the lenses produced by mathematical calculations.With the improvements made to the camera and the liberty to take photographs, from Vienna the medium rapidly extended to other parts of the empire, arriving at just two months and a half from the invention, in Hungary and Banat.e first announcements were made in the same year in the German newspaper “Temswarer Wochenblatt” in Timisoara and later in the issues of the following years. e first photographer who took images in Timisoara was Philipp Dombeck, who came in the city from Bavaria, trough Bohemia and Hungary and finally established in Brasov after a short period of practice in Banat.Because the local market offered new and good possibilities to make a career in the field, after Dombeck have come Gottfried Barth and Wenzel Proksch, the last was a famous camera manufacturer from Vienna, who also worked in Transylvania.ey produced daguerreotypes for the local wealthy population at relatively high prices for that period in comparison with other products. After the photographic market grown, the daguerreotype prices dropped and taking pictures has become an aspiration for most of the people in need of representation.e two were followed by Johann Huber from Pest, Friedrich Binder from Buda, witch established later in Bucharest, Ulbach Vince (1812 – 1848) and Beck Vince (1799 – 1858), some of the initiators in Hungarian daguerreotype and later, after 1850 by Nikolaus Stockmann (1832 – 1905), who will make a great reputation in the region as daguerreotypist and photographer and later in the future dual monarchy, being granted the title of “imperial photographer”.Besides the “traveling photographers”, Timişoara was also a developed cultural centre with high aspirations regarding the new innovative methods created by arts and science, and the local “Lyceum” and physics laboratory was endowed with different optical and photographic apparatuses for lessons. e laboratory has been enriched constantly by the future priest and photographer Jozsef Brand, who became a well known figure in the city.Due to its role and position within the Empire, the Banat region mediated the extremities, uniting the western world with the eastern, in a common cultural dialogue which was based at some time upon the photographic image.
Situatia financiar-bancara in judetul Severin (1944-1948)
Authors: Narai Eusebiu
Published: March 2022

Lugoj is a place where the bank system had a productive period concerning the trade and the wealth of the population. Caransebeş was an important centre of railways with many banks with a great capital and a wealth economy.In sum, the banks from Severin grew, but in the years that followed 1944–1945, their numbers decreased considerably. Here is an example of banks in: Craiova, Lugoj, Făget, Sibiu, Caransebeş and so on. ere were also in Teregova and Mehadia (Severin), Bozovici (Caraş), Buziaş (Timiş), Sacul and Eşelniţa (Severin).e insurance groups like “Dacia-România” – in Lugoj, and Orşova; “Franco-Română” – in Lugoj; “Steaua României” – in Lugoj and Caransebeş; “Minerva” – in Lugoj; “Urania” – in Caransebeş cannot be omitted.Popular banks were placed in Lugoj – “Lugojana”; “Plugarul Sinteştean” (Sinteşti); “Soarele” (Cireşul); “Graniţa” (Teregova); “Luceafărul” (Mehadia); “Economia” (Orşova); “Timişul” and the Popular Bank of Teachers in Lugoj. eir purpose was to help peasants with money, tools, machines and seeds for their land.
Activitatea edilitară ca reflectare a cunoștiinţelor – complexe monumentale de șanţuri circulare (Kreisgrabenanlagen) din mileniul al V-lea î. Chr. din Europa Centrală / Construction as an Embodiment of Knowledge – Monumental Circular Ditch Complexes (Kreisgrabenanlagen) in Central Europe in the 5th Millennium BC
Authors: Schier Wolfram
Published: March 2022

The study deals with the fortified enclosures consisting of circular ditches in South Germany and Lower Austria.By studying these monuments and taking into account the fact that they are oriented according to variousgeographic and astronomical points of reference, the author concludes that their builders had very advancedastronomical knowledge. The Ippersheim complex represents an argument for the hypothesis that astronomic (andcosmological?) orientations are not only symbolic in nature. The fact that fixed reference points are used and thefact that the complex is situated at the intersection of topographically fixed axes indicate that one of the purposesof these enclosures was the contemplation of cyclical celestial phenomena. In principle, one of the aims of circularditch complexes in the 5th millennium is to encode contemporary astronomic knowledge in a spatial-monumentalform, for the first time at least in Europe.
Aspects regarding the economy of the Otomani communities in North-Western Transylvania. Data concerning the Middle Bronze Age agriculture in light of the investigations carried out in the Carei-Bobald tell
Authors: Molnár Zsolt , Ciută Beatrice
Published: March 2022

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Die Siebenburgischen Besitztumsverhaltnisse des Furstlichen Arztes und Rates Georg (Giorgio) Blandrata / Posesiunile din Transilvania ale doctorului şi consilierului princiar George (Giorgio) Blandrata
Authors: Feneșan Costin
Published: March 2022

George (Giorgio) Blandrata (născut în 1515 la Saluzzo; mort în 1588 la Alba Iulia) a ajuns, după studii de medicină la universităţile din Montpellier, Pavia și Bologna, în Transilvania, ca medic personal și consilier privat al reginei Isabella și a %ului ei Ioan Sigismund, activând acolo între 1544 și 1551. În această primă perioadă a prezenţei sale în Transilvania, Blandrata nu a bene%ciat de dania vreunei proprietăţi imobiliare (moșie, casă etc.). Situaţia s-a schimbat însă odată cu revenirea sa în Transilvania (1563), ca medic personal și consilier privat al principelui Ioan Sigismund. În această calitate din urmă, Blandrata s-a implicat, din însărcinarea principelui, în rezolvarea con*ictului interconfesional din Transilvania și deopotrivă în relaţiile principatului cu Habsburgii. Ca recompensă a meritelor sale, principele i-a donat în 1564 moșiile Cergău Mare, Cergău Mic și Cristian, toate a*ate în comitatul Alba de Jos. Se pare că tot Ioan Sigismund i-ar % dăruit lui Blandrata și moșia Micești din apropiere de Alba Iulia. Italianul a reușit să trecă apoi cu o remarcabilă iscusinţă și în slujba noului principe, Ștefan Báthory. Ca emisar al acestuia pe lângă Dieta de la Varșovia (1575), a contribuit la alegerea lui Báthory ca rege al Poloniei. Drept răsplată, acesta i-a dăruit în 1576 moșia Buzd din comitatul Alba (în anexă se publică documentele legate de această danie). Serviciile pe care Blandrata i le-a adus apoi principelui Cristofor Báthory au fost răsplătite de acesta cu donarea moșiei Chinteni din comitatul Cluj și a jumătate din moșiile Tibru și Băgara din comitatul Alba de Jos. În afară de aceste moșii – pe care Blandrata le-a vândut în cursul vremii –, versatilul italian a mai deţinut case de piatră la Alba Iulia și Aiud și un fâneţ foarte aproape de Alba Iulia. În testamentul din 1 aprilie 1588, pe care Blandrata l-a întocmit cu foarte puţin timp înainte de moartea sa suspectă (se bănuiește că ar % fost sufocat de Giorgio, %ul fratelui său Alfonso), el mai deţinea ca bunuri imobiliare doar casa și fânaţul din Alba Iulia. O explicaţie ar putea % faptul că, dorind să se întoarcă în Italia natală, Blandrata și-ar % transformat averea imobiliară în bani-peșin.
Despre ce ne vorbesc hărțile? Problema lipsei necropolelor din perioada secolelor VIII‒X în Transilvania Estică și Centrală, respectiv în nordul și centrul Olteniei și Munteniei: între stadiul cercetării, contextualizare regională, statutul perifericși habitusul cultural / What do maps tell us about the lack of burial sites in Eastern and Central Transylvania, respectively in North and Central of
Authors: Gáll Erwin , Hőgyes Mihály Huba , Fülöp Réka
Published: March 2022

In the scientific debates published to this date, there is a huge number of contributions addressing the archaeological spectrum of burial sites in the Transylvanian Basin and Muntenia from a general and comprehensive perspective, however, without taking into account regional or microregional conditions. This omission is mainly caused by an anachronistic presumption of uniformity, perpetuated in the theoretical approaches in archaeology, the roots of which can be traced back to the 18th–19th century dogmatics about the nation as the primary human organizational form.This article proposes to debate ‒ perhaps in a non-classic way ‒ the lack of burial sites in certain regions of the Transylvanian Basin, Oltenia and Muntenia, and attributes this hiatus to a lesser extent to the current state of research and to a greater extent to the differences in burial customs, respectively to the differently demographical indexes between these regions.
Voivodina în octombrie – noiembrie 1918 (Banatul, Bacica, Barania şi Sremul – uniﬁcarea cu Serbia) / Vojvodina in October – November of 1918 (Banat, Bacska, Baranja and Srem – Uniﬁcation to Serbia)
Authors: Milin Miodrag , Njegovan Drago
Published: March 2022

Authors try to explain the correlation between the French and Serbian Allies military offensive on Thessaloniki Front, the Belgrade Armistice with Count Karolyi’s government and the beginning of the process of disintegration of A-U Monarchy in the West-Balkan and South-Pannonian spaces, and the start for the unification of mentionned regions into the Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Romania.
Cercetările arheologice de la Hunedoara. Considerații privind încadrarea culturală și cronologică a descoperirilor / The Archaeological Researches from Hunedoara. Considerations Regarding Cultural and Chronological Framing of the Discoveries
Authors: Tincu Sorin
Published: March 2022

In this study is presented the rescue archaeological research from Hunedoara – Judecătorie developed in 2011–2012 and the 14C charcoal dates from the following features: L1, C2, C4. These dates were first modeled together, and because of the analogies for the ceramic in Foeni group discoveries from Alba Iulia – Lumea Nouă, the dates were modeled also with the charcoal 14C dates from this last settlement (B1/Sp. II/2006 (POZ–19451=5700±50 BP) and (POZ–19490=6090±50 BP). The time span for the Hunedoara – Judecătorie discoveries is between 4746 and 4465 BC, contemporary with D1 phase of Vinča culture and partially with the last phase of Turdaș culture and Iclod Group.
Contribuții la istoria francmasoneriei din Banat și Arad. Artefacte și dovezi din muzeele și presa masonică britanică / Contributions to the History of Freemasonry in Banat and Arad. Artifacts and documents from museums and press of British Freemansonry
Authors: Rufanda Alexandru
Published: March 2022

The history of Freemasonry in Banat still hides many unknown things. The historical course of many lodges in this region is not yet fully known. If we know enough data about some lodges such as the one in Reșiţa, those in Timișoara and others, we have too little data about some lodges, such as the one in Caransebeș or Lipova. Moreover, the museum artifacts that come from lesser-known lodges allow us to reconstruct their history and even the history of certain characters. In this sense, the museum institutions from Great Britain are very helpful; they keep in their collections medals of some lodges from Banat or even original documents, lists of lodges from Banat, etc. These artifacts and documents have not been studied so far and represent a novelty in reconstructing the history of Banat Freemasonry. Examples are the medals of the Irenea lodge in Caransebeș and Concordia in Lipova. The history of these lodges is known only in fragments, and the study of these medals allows us to complete the data on these little known lodges. Another piece unknown to the Romanian academic public is a medal of the „Three white lilies” lodge from Timișoara. The Museum of the Provincial Grand Lodge of Worcestershire and the Museum of Freemasonry in London are very helpful in this regard by offering the opportunity to study the pieces kept in their collections. In our study, we also present the work of a Serbian Freemason from Paris, D. Tomitch, on the rights and interests of Serbs in Banat Timisoara on certain territories within Romania.The English Masonic press is another resource that has not been fully exploited so far. Usually, studies on the history of Romanian Freemasonry cite foreign literature, but very little or almost no Masonic foreign press, especially the old press. However, in the British Masonic press, we find valuable references to Freemasonry in Romania and including Banat, from different historical periods. In the case of Banat Freemasonry, the references in the British press date from the second half of the 19th century. We find references regarding the lodges in Arad, Timișoara, Oraviţa, Lipova, and Caransebeș. All this information, compared to what we know so far, gives us the chance to detect the mistakes made in previous chronological dating but also to complete what we lacked in terms of information.
Câteva bijuterii de epocă romană din colecţia Muzeului Banatului Montan Reşiţa / Roman Jewelery from the Collection of Highland Banat Museum from Reşiţa
Authors: Hamat Ana Cristina
Published: March 2022

Among other roman artifacts from the collection of the Highland Banat Museum, we have also several artifacts that have drawn our attention for a more detailed analysis required for a new publication. !ese are six jewellery items, all of them discovered on the territory of Banat, more precisely they have been discovered in the archaeological researches on the Roman forts and settlements or near to them, in the medieval context. Some of them have already been published brie"y, others are still unpublished. !e present article wishes to bring them into question in order to introduce them into a generally accepted typology that will help us to date them more easy. Between them there are three pieces of chain, a ring, a gem and one hairpin and they have been discovered in roman legionary fort from Berzovia-Bersovis, in a quadriburgium from Gornea and also in roman villa from Brebu, roman settlement from Mehadia and in the medieval church from Obreja, near the roman centre from Tibiscum.
Slamming the door in Bucharest: Soviet Steps in imposing the Groza Government (March 1st to 6th, 1945)
Authors: Dudoi Marian-Alin
Published: March 2022

The paper focuses on the evolution of Romanian political turmoil during the timeframe 1 – 6 March 1945 in the light of new information from British documents that provides a comprehensive analysis.As occupying Soviets required the dismissal of the Rădescu Government, King Michael had to accept. The Romanian King and the democratic/historical parties hoped to form a national union Government, excluding as before Antonescu’s collaborators and Legionaries, based on the percentage held by each party in the Rădescu Government. With Soviet help, Petru Groza, one of the leading members of the National Democratic Front, dominated by Communists, was nominated Prime Minister by the King. Groza offerred only a minimal participation to the historical parties, which rejected the proposal argumenting they were representing the political majority of the Romanian people. Warned by the Soviets, King Michael had to accept the installment of the Groza Government. The new Government informally represented the first Communist Government of Romania.
Anglo-Romanian Economic Relations
Authors: Cîrstea Marusia
Published: March 2022

In the period between 1934 and 1939, the Romanian diplomacy continuously undertook and supported such measures and actions as to strengthen ties with Western states with a view to maintaining peace and also signing economic and financial agreements. In this context, Great Britain played an important role within the area of economic relations. e wide scope of these commercial and financial connections are primarily determined by Romania’s attempt to avoid becoming dependent on Germany; secondly, there is the need to expedite the country’s industrialization process by importing advanced technologies; and thirdly, the objective of strengthening the currency through important loans from English banks.
Din colecțiile Muzeului Național al Banatului din Timișoara. I. Celturi izolate/singulare din Banatul Românesc / From the Collections of the National Museum of Banat in Timișoara. I. Isolated/Singular Socketed Axes from the Romanian Banat
Authors: Gogâltan Florin , Felea Sorin
Published: March 2022

On this occasion we chose to publish some socketed axes, that were discovered in the Romanian Banat, but without an archaeological context, pieces that can be included in that broader category of "isolated/singular" objects. For the piece from Anina (Pl. I.1.) we did not find any satisfactory analogy in terms of shape and ornament taken together. According to its general appearance, however, socketed axe is undoubtedly a product of the Late Bronze Age, and it is not possible to specify exactly whether it can be dated to the Late Bronze Age II stage (Bz C/2D - early Ha A1 phase) or Late Bronze Age III (Ha A). A possible analogy for the socketed axe from Butin (Pl. I.2.) is a piece from the hoard in Novi Bečej (Vojvodina, Serbia), but the edge is a bit wider, or a socketed axe from the hoard in Urovica also in Serbia. Much closer in shape and ornament is a socketed axe from the Szentgáloskér hoard in southern Hungary. Both hoards were dated to stage Ha A, so a late Bronze Age III. For the decoration on the socketed axe from Carani (Pl. II.1.) we did not find any satisfactory analogy. However, it is certain that this piece is also a product of the Late Bronze Age, without being able to make more precise chronological assessments. We thus propose a broad classification: Late Bronze II (Bz C/2D - beginning of phase Ha A1) - Late Bronze III (Ha A). The analogies for the socketed axe from Foeni (Pl. II.2.) are found mainly to the west of the Carpathian Basin and chronologically cover the wide horizon of the Late Bronze Age II (Bz C/2D - early phase Ha A1) and Late Bronze III (Ha A) periods, with a greater concentration in the so-called Kurd horizons after A. Mozsolics and Cincu-Suseni after M. Rusu and M. Petrescu-Dâmbovița.
Consideraţii arheologice privind necropola tumulară de la Silvaşu de Jos-„Dealu Ţapului” (oraş Haţeg, jud. Hunedoara) / Archaeological Considerations Regarding the Tumular Necropolis from Silvaşu de Jos-Dealul Ţapului (Haţeg Town, Hunedoara County)
Authors: Diaconescu Dragoș , Tincu Sorin
Published: March 2022

The archaeological site from Silvașu de Jos-Dealu Țapului was considered as being a tumular cemetery belonging to the latest phase (III) of the Coțofeni culture. New data obtained during the research campaign from 2015 proved that from the stratigraphical point of view the inhumation grave from mounds M3 is younger than the features belonging to Coțofeni III stage, from the same barrow. The AMS dates obtained from this site (4 belonging to the inhumations graves and 4 to the Coțofeni III features) supports very well these stratigraphical observations. Consequently the Coțofeni III features should be framed between 3322–3062 cal BC and the inhumations graves stage between 2810–2642 cal BC. Thus, based also on the rite and rituals elements, the inhumations graves from Silvașu de Jos barrows can be considered part of the later stage of the Ochre Graves.
Dictionary as an Effective Resource in Teaching and Learning of English as a Second Language: Complementing Instructions
Authors: Ezeh Nnenna Gertrude , Anyanwu Esther Chikaodi , Onunkwo Chibuzo Martin
Published: March 2022

Second language learning requires conscious and persistent efforts on the part of the learner, to achieve significant proficiency. Generally, students show complacency towards learning a new language, as a result of frustrating factors such as unfamiliar vocabularies, mixing words with different textual meanings, difficulties in adopting the mechanics of effective writing and others. The dictionary as a learning resource, helps in ameliorating these challenges; serving as a complementary aid for learners, and even teachers in the choice of pedagogic strategies. The methodology adopts a quantitative design in assessing the effectiveness of the use of dictionaries, amongst secondary school teachers and students in Nigeria, using appropriate questionnaires. The result revealed the indispensable role of the dictionary as a learning resource in an ESL environment, and its maximal benefits when students are proactively trained to use it.
Role of Advisory Services in Regional Agricultural Development
Authors: Ibrahima Bah Elhadj , Zhang Dong-Wei
Published: March 2022

Agriculture is the basic industry of a country's economy, access to agricultural advisory services is essential to improve the productivity of agricultural development in Gansu Province. It already has a good foundation and environmental development, and a network service covering the province has been preliminarily established. However, with the advancement of technology through the Internet, especially in the field of agricultural science and technology development, there are still many problems with agricultural advisory services in Gansu province. Based on this, this paper studies the role and countermeasures of agricultural consulting services in the development of the agricultural sector in Gansu Province, intending to promote the further development of agriculture in Gansu Province.
Un enfoque de red para estudiar los efectos de la inversión extranjera directa sobre el crecimiento económico
Authors: Pardini Matías , Montes Rojas Gabriel
Published: March 2022

Empirical papers on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) produced ambiguous evidence on the sign and magnitude that it has on economic growth. This paper uses a network approach to evaluate if interconnectedness measures of FDI flows, namely network centrality, have an effect on growth. It uses a database of 175 countries for the 2001-2012 period. Results indicate that there is a negative effect of local centrality (degree) and a positive one for global centrality measures on economic growth. The latter result suggests that the ability of FDI to produce positive effects on economic growth relies on the degree of interconnectedness of the countries to others with a relatively better position in the global investment network.
Reception date: May 4, 2020Acceptance date: October 24, 2020
Mercado laboral y pobreza en Argentina
Authors: Navarrete José L. , Cristina A. Daniela , Blanco Valeria J. , Reyes Luján
Published: March 2022

This paper analyses the influence of the labour market on poverty in the Argentinean provinces for the period 1996-2018 using fixed effects, GMM and threshold model. Results show that improvements in the income distribution, increases in labour market earnings or in the share of people with high education levels, and decreases in the unemployment rate contribute to the reduction of poverty at the provincial level. Finally, we use the Hansen threshold model to capture non-linearities in a non-dynamic fixed effects model, finding that nonlinear effects of income, informality and unemployment on poverty depend on the inequality of the province.
Reception date: March 6, 2021.Acceptance date: October 6, 2021.
Long-Term Hygroscopic Thickness Swelling Rate of Hydrothermally Treated Beech Wood / Polypropylene Composites
Authors: Hosseinihashemi Seyyed Khalil , Arwinfar Farhad , Najafi Abdollah , Özdemir Ferhat , Ayrilmis Nadir , Tamjidi Abbas
Published: March 2022

Long-term hygroscopic thickness swelling rate of polypropylene (PP) composites filled with thermally treated wood flour was investigated. The beech wood chips were heat treated at 120 °C, 150 °C or 180 °C for 30 or 120 min using saturated steam in a digester. The composites based on PP, beech wood flour (BF), and coupling agents (PP-g-MA) were made by melt compounding and injection molding. The weight ratio of BF to PP was controlled at 50/47 for all blends. The amount of coupling agent was fixed at 3 wt.% for all formulations. Further study was conducted to model thickness swelling of the composites, a swelling rate parameter (KSR). The thickness swelling of thermally-treated samples at 120 ºC for 30 min and at 150 ºC for 30 min were lower than that of control samples, followed by thermally-treated samples at 180 ºC for 120 min, at 180 ºC for 30 min, at 120 ºC for 120 min, and at 150 ºC for 120 min, respectively. Furthermore, the thickness swelling of the BF/PP composites decreased with increasing time and temperature of the thermal-treatment. In addition, at 120 ºC for 30 min, the composites showed a lower swelling rate than control samples. The KSR of the composites was influenced both by the time and temperature of thermal treatment.
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) An update review of biopsy sample, technique, and diagnosis method
Authors: Budiharto Joice , Kartapradja Hannie , I’tishom Reny , Narulita Petty , Lestari Silvia Werdhy
Published: March 2022

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a genetic screening technique for embryos to be implanted in assisted reproductive technology or in vitro fertilization (IVF). PGD requires several stages and manipulation of gametes and embryos. Unfortunately, PGD is not always successful. This review was aimed to reveal the update of PGD, in term of biopsy sample, biopsy technique and its diagnosis technique. A computerized search of PubMed and google scholar database was conducted for general terms such as “preimplantation genetic diagnosis”, “polar body“, “cleavage“ and “blastocyst“ and followed by screening and evaluation of collected proper accordingly. In PGD, sample of biopsy can be obtained from (1) polar body of oocyte (2) blastomere of cleavage stage of embryo and (3) trophectoderm cells of blastocyst. The process of sloughing off the oocyte or embryo cell can be done through several techniques, namely Mechanical Partial Zone Dissection (PZD) which is carried out using two pipettes, namely holding pipette to hold the embryo and injection pipette to slit the blastomere/cell out of the embryo, while the Chemical Drilling Zone is done by using acid tyrode (pH 2.3) to create holes in the membrane, and Laser-assisted Dissection which is done by opening the zone through a laser that enters the located area of oocyte/embryo. Then, diagnostic methods are used to detect the abnormalities found, such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) which is used for diseases caused by single gene disorders, Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) which is used to detect chromosomal abnormalities, Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (Array CGH) which is used to investigate aneuploidy in oocytes, and gene expression could be evaluated on mRNA representing the genetic function of oocyte development. The most appropriate update of PGD is polar body for the sample, laser-assisted dissection for the technique and CGH for the diagnosis method. Keywords: PGD, sample of PGD, Technique of PGD, Diagnosis method of PGD.
Role of regulatory agencies on covid-19 waste management
Authors: Ravichandran Ramya , Raju , Kamaraj , Sugumaran Abimanyu
Published: March 2022

Since the introduction of COVID-19, not only has the number of COVID-19 patients increased, but waste creation has also increased. Top regulated nations and emerging countries have come up with specific standards or templates for dealing with COVID-19 waste. The purpose of this review research is to examine the relationship between COVID-19 waste management and regulatory agencies. Each country has specific regulatory bodies which frames guidelines for managing the waste produced during COVID-19. Some of the top regulated countries like USA, EU, JAPAN and developing country like INDIA along with the WHO regulations for COVID-19 waste management have been taken for the review. This assessment highlighted the waste management templates or recommendations utilized by the aforementioned nations during the COVID-19 epidemic. After COVID-19 the nations does not include any specific waste management principles, despite the fact that all of these nations mostly implement existing established waste management regulations. If the large volume of waste cannot be controlled via the implementation of correct and adequate rules, the risk of COVID-19 proliferating in the population will surpass the limit and result in the loss of additional lives in the coming days and also causing danger to the environment. Keywords: COVID-19 waste management, WHO, USA, Europe, Japan, India.
Sunitinib induced fixed drug eruption
Authors: Lalani Anjali , Sheth Helly , Chudasama Harsh , Sajan Cyril
Published: March 2022

Multikinase inhibitors have become first-line agents for the treatment of multiple systemic cancers. Sunitinib is an oral multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, most commonly used in renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Fixed drug eruption is a rare cutaneous adverse drug reaction. Keywords: Renal cell carcinoma, Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Fixed drug eruption.
The imponderable of life and the imponderable of the river: the São Francisco river as a moving stage
Authors: Vilas Boas Costa Ribeiro Pâmilla
Published: March 2022

A partir do  trabalho  de  campo  realizado  com os   ribeirinhos  do município  de  Ponto  Chique,  no  norte  de  Minas  Gerais (Brasil), busca-se articular performances e práticas culturais às dinâmicas das águas do rio São Francisco. Durante a chegada da pandemia no local, em 2020, foi possível perceber a entrada de um outro ator que tomou conta dos diálogos na beira do rio: o Coronavírus. Morte e travessia foram temas recorrentes confirmando a tragédia que se anunciava na cidade.  Mas ao se opor à ideia de controle da natureza, os ribeirinhos respeitam a natureza de cada ser e nos ensinam a interagir e nos relacionar com as diferentes espécies que habitam os territórios.
Arte Afro-Brasileira: de quem; para quem? Memória etnográfica no Museu Afro Brasil
Authors: Brito Sousa Ribeiro Carla
Published: March 2022

Este artigo parte de memórias etnográficas da pesquisa de campo no Museu Afro Brasil, em São Paulo, 2017, para discutir aspectos bibliográficos sobre arte afro-brasileira e empíricos a respeito de lugar de fala. Disputas narrativas emergentes do cenário em que a noção de lugar de fala toma o debate público são pensadas brevemente, assim como definições possíveis e enquadramentos para a designação “arte afro-brasileira”. Para além de pensar quem está falando através da arte afro-brasileira nos museus, interessa propor uma perspectiva independente de autodeclarações e pertencimento étnico-racial, tendo em vista museus como potenciais locais de encontros, conflitos, debates e construções da diversidade.
A importância da ludicidade na aprendizagem da matemática na educação infantil
Authors: Farias Mirian Zuqueto
Published: March 2022

Por meio deste trabalho, será apresentado um estudo bibliográfico falando da importância do lúdico na educação infantil, no ensino da matemática. Visto que é importante para o processo de socialização das crianças os jogos, brinquedos e brincadeiras, baseado nisso é possível conhecer como os conceitos matemáticos têm buscado enfatizar a ludicidade de forma prazerosa e significativamente, mesmo que ainda existam professores ensinando para as crianças a matemática de forma tradicional, onde a criança e um ser passivo que seriam incapazes de aprender matemática devido estarem na educação infantil. Os autores que fundamentam esse trabalho são: Piaget (1975), Vygotsky (1998), Winnicott (1971), Freire (1996), Fröbel (1917), Brougère (2001) e outros documentos como: PCNs (Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais,1999); BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular, 2017). Estes autores vêm enfatizar a contribuição da ludicidade na aprendizagem da matemática como facilitadora na construção do conhecimento.
Geometria: uma breve história e possibilidades para o ensino
Authors: Miranda Geisson Rodrigues de , Silva Vilmar Costa
Published: March 2022

A geometria faz parte da nossa história desde que os conhecimentos básicos para a sobrevivência humana se fizeram necessários; segundo historiadores da matemática, o primeiro conceito geométrico de que se tem notícia é a concepção de distância. Para desenvolver esta pesquisa sobre a história da geometria, pautamo-nos majoritariamente nos estudos de Boyer (1974), Eves (2011) e Roque (2012). Sendo assim, abordamos a necessidade de conhecer a geometria e de estudá-la para fomentar formas de ensinar e de aprender matemática. Dessa forma, acreditamos que os futuros pesquisadores, que são os estudantes de hoje, contribuirão para o contínuo desenvolvimento dessa área de estudo, tanto na produção de metodologias de ensino quanto no desenvolvimento de novos conceitos. Além disso, apresentamos fundamentos presentes em documentos orientadores da educação básica, especialmente aqueles que dizem respeito ao ensino de geometria e, por fim, apresentamos ideias que objetivam a melhoria do ensino de matemática, sobretudo no que diz respeito à área de geometria.
Successful method in the treatment of complicated sternal dehiscence and mediastinitis: Sternal reconstruction with osteosynthesis system supported by vacuum-assisted closure
Authors: Furkan Şahin Mehmet , Yazıcıoğlu Alkın , Ali Beyoğlu Muhammet , Yekeler Erdal
Published: March 2022

Background: This study aims to evaluate the results of the method we used to treat sternal dehiscence and mediastinitis due to median sternotomy following open heart surgery.

Methods: Between July 2014 and March 2019, a total of 13 patients (8 males, 5 females; mean age: 60.3±2.9 years; range, 33 to 74 years) who underwent sternal reconstruction procedure and developed sternal dehiscence and mediastinitis after cardiac surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Data of the patients were retrieved from the hospital records.

Results: Before the procedure, reconstruction was performed by using the Robiscek technique in three cases and a conventional rewiring technique was used in one case. Except for one case, all the other cases had sternal purulent discharge (n=12, 92%). Except for four cases, all cases had at least two fracture lines in the sternum (n=9, 69%). One to 10 sessions of (median=4) vacuum-assisted closure therapy were used in cases before the procedure. At least two bars were placed between the opposite ribs for sternal fixation. Except for three cases, all of the cases were placed transdiaphragmatic harvested omentum in the sternal cavity. Seroma and local infection recurrence occurred in two cases (n=2, 15.3%) and incisional hernia in one case (n=1, 7.6%). Thoracic stabilization was successfully achieved in all cases.

Conclusion: Thoracic stabilization can be successfully achieved in complicated sternal dehiscence cases with sternal reconstruction with STRATOS system supported by vacuum-assisted closure therapy, until the culture turns negative in the preoperative period and by the use of transdiaphragmatic omentum intraoperatively inside the sternal cavity.
Outcomes of Norwood procedure with hypoplastic left heart syndrome: Our 12-year single-center experience
Authors: Özdemir Fatih , Korun Oktay , Dedemoğlu Mehmet , Çiçek Murat , Biçer Mehmet , Yurdakök Okan , Fırat Altın Hüsnü , Hekim Yılmaz Emine , Yurtseven Nurgül , Ali Aydemir Numan , Şaşmazel Ahmet
Published: March 2022

Background:In this study, we aimed to analyze the predictors and risk factors of mortality in patients who underwent Norwood I procedure with the diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Methods:Between January 2009 and December 2020, a total of 139 patients (95 males, 44 females) who underwent Norwood I procedure with the diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome in our center were retrospectively analyzed.

Results:The median birth weight was 3,200 (range, 3,000 to 3,350) g and the median age at the time of operation was seven (range, 5 to 10) days. Pulmonary flow was achieved with a Sano shunt in the majority (72%) of patients. Survival rate was 41% after the first stage. Reoperation for bleeding (p=0.017), reoperation for residual lesion (p=0.011), and postoperative peak lactate level (p=0.029), were associated with in-hospital mortality. Nineteen (33%) of 57 patients died before the second stage. Thirty-three (58%) patients underwent second stage, and survival after the second stage was 94%. Thirteen patients underwent third stage, and survival after the third stage was 85%. Estimated probability of survival at six months, and one, two, three, and four years were 33%, 33%, 25%, 25%, and 22% respectively.

Conclusion:Hospital and inter-stage mortality rates are still high and this seems to be the most challenging period in term of survival efforts of the patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Early recognition and reintervention of anatomical residual defects, close follow-up in the inter-stage period, and the accumulation of multidisciplinary experience may help to improve the results to acceptable limits.
Design, Simulation, and Analysis of the Extrusion Process of a PVC Thermoplastic Profile to Optimize the Design of the Die and the Machine Parameters
Authors: José Salvador Tomassini Carlos
Published: March 2022

The objective of this work is to verify the design of an existing die for the manufacture of an extruded profile using the simulation of the flow in the head using a simulation software that uses computational fluid dynamics and also the experimental design and construction of a calibrator by means of the extrusion the geometry and desired dimensions of the profile. The rheological behavior of rigid PVC in the extruded molten state was investigated, which in itself is a difficult target due to the intrinsic weakness of this polymer that degrades when heated above 140°C. By means of a special capillary rheometer, rheological data, k and n of the power law, were obtained to introduce them, together with the process input parameters and the flow channel geometry in the simulation software. The flow channel was drawn with the head and calibrator using CAD-3D software. The different parts of the calibrator were manufactured and assembled into the equipment. The extrusion was performed with the process parameters: screw speed and material temperature used in the simulation software. The results obtained by the extrusion, geometry and final dimensions of the profile, mass flow, pressure, and temperature in the head were compared with those delivered by the software, being the same satisfactory.
Pneumothorax: A Concise Review and Surgical Perspective
Authors: Karmakar Shilpi
Published: March 2022

Pneumothorax is the collection of air in pleural cavity, which is commonly due to development of a communication between pleural space and alveolar space (or bronchus) or the atmosphere. In this chapter, we will discuss the various aetiologies of pneumothorax, the differences in their pathophysiology and the implications on the management of the disease. The chapter focusses on the surgical aspects in the management, the revolution brought in by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and the advancement of the field by introduction of uniportal VATS and robotic-assisted thoracic surgery. The principles of management of catamenial pneumothorax are revisited. The chapter also throws light on the nuances of anaesthesia techniques and the latest developments are outlined. Lastly, a section is dedicated to COVID-19 associated pneumothorax and the approach to its management.
The New Institutional Approach as a Lens on Local Network Leadership
Authors: Uster Anna
Published: March 2022

This chapter derives from an overview of key research findings and core concepts on network leadership, focusing on leading purpose-oriented networks. These are increasingly viewed as prominent modes of local service delivery as local government transitions to “local governance” and where local government mostly follows a lead organization format. The literature encompassing local leadership emphasizes the context of structures and processes for any leader’s action. This chapter treats the importance of the institutional factors in the era of local network governance, using the New Institutional approach, focusing especially on discursive institutionalism, together with and network governance theory. As public managers are increasingly relying on inter-organizational networks providing public services, the manner they lead them is of great importance. The following chapter presents vital factors that may assist their effective leadership in an era of local network governance.
Distribution of Potentially Toxic Elements in Water, Sediment and Soils in the Riparian Zones around a Kraft Pulp and Paper Mill in Western Kenya
Authors: S. Omutange Elijah , O. Manyala Julius , N. Wekesa Anne , Osano Odipo , Munyao Thomas , A. Otieno Alfred , Etiégni Lazare
Published: March 2022

This chapter discusses the impact of effluent discharge on the distribution of potentially toxic elements (Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn) in water, sediments and soils near a Kraft mill in Western Kenya. Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) concentrations were determined at three sites: Water Intake Point, Effluent Discharge Point and Downstream Point. The mill liquid effluent parameters and gaseous emissions were also characterized. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the spatial differences in PTEs concentrations. Principal component analysis determined the correlations between the proximity to the Kraft mill and the PTEs in soils, water and sediments. In riverine soils, Cd was 0.78 ± 0.01 mg/kg, while Pb was 94.38 ± 9.65 mg/kg. In sediments, the concentration was 16.81 ± 2.46 mg/kg for Zn, 6.16 ± 0.72 mg/kg for Cd and 75.28 ± 5.97 mg/kg for Pb. In water, Zn was 0.26 ± 0.038 mg/L, Cu was 0.75 ± 0.11 mg/L, Cd was 0.05 ± 0.004 mg/L and Pb was 1.26 ± 9.65 mg/L. The spatial distributions of PTEs in soils near the factory and across the river may have resulted from the factory’s effluent discharge and gaseous emissions. These findings should help formulate more stringent industrial effluent management programs in Western Kenya.
Sunni, Shia, Whabbi, Salafi, Berelvi, Sufi and Deobandi: The Different Islamic Perspectives on Creativity in Islam
Authors: Iqbal Cameron
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to understand how seven different Islamic sects namely Sunni, Shia, Whabbi, Salafi, Berelvi, Sufi and Deobandi have different perspectives when it comes to creativity (bid’ah). Each participant provided a unique insight into their understanding and interpretations of Islamic scriptures and texts in relation to creativity, and to determine how creativity in Islam is assessed. This study provides a unique understanding of differences and similarities of creativity and innovation and explains how each participant’s sect analyses and affords its own perspective on creativity.
Characteristics Analysis of Performance as Well as Emission of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Additive Based Pumpkin and Juliflora Mixed Biodiesel Blend in CI Engine
Authors: Kannan Viswanathan Vinoth , Thomai Pushparaj
Published: March 2022

Up-to-the-minute researches of different countries have used conformist seed oils such as jatropha oil, coconut oil for the synthesis of biodiesel. In the present investigation, (pumpkin) Cucurbita pepo. L along Prosopis juliflora seed oil was used for the synthesis of mixed biodiesel with 5 ml Elaeocarpus Ganitrus (Rudraksha) as additive. Performance tests were conducted using biodiesel blend in water cooled CI engine and the emissions were analyzed using a five-gas analyzer. Pumpkin and Juliflora biodiesels were blended in equal ratio to form mixed biodiesel denoted by PJB. It was observed that there was 51% amplify in Brake Thermal efficiency and 33% diminution in Brake Specific Fuel consumption at the maximum load when compared to diesel for PJB20 blend with 5 ml additive. It was also noted that emission of CO bargain by 75%. CO2 bargain by 16.95%, HC compact by 49.2% and NO compact by 34.2% for PJB20 blend with 5 ml Rudraksha additive than that of diesel. The smoke opacity with respect to diesel was also noted to be concentrated by 6% for PJB20 with additive used as fuel in CI engine without any engine modification.
Theoretical Premises and Contemporary Optimizations of Microwave Tomography
Authors: M. Meaney Paul , D. Paulsen Keith
Published: March 2022

Microwave imaging has long been proposed as an effective means for biomedical applications—breast cancer detection and therapy monitoring being the most prominent because of the endogenous dielectric property contrast between malignant and normal breast tissue. While numerous numerical simulations have been presented demonstrating feasibility, translation to actual physical and clinical implementations have been lacking. In contrast, the Dartmouth team has taken somewhat counterintuitive but fundamentals-based approaches to the problem—primarily addressing the confounding multipath signal corruption problem and exploiting core concepts from the parameter estimation community. In so doing, we have configured a unique system design that is a synergism of both the hardware and software worlds. In this paper, we describe our approaches in the context of competing strategies and suggest rationales for why these techniques work—especially in 2D. Finally, we present data from actual neoadjuvant chemotherapy exams that confirm that our technique is capable of imaging the tumor and also visualizing its progression during treatment.
Computational Chemistry Study of Natural Apocarotenoids and Their Synthetic Glycopeptide Conjugates as Therapeutic Drugs
Authors: Flores-Holguín Norma , Frau Juan , Glossman-Mitnik Daniel
Published: March 2022

The objective of the research to be presented in the chapter is the determination of the chemical reactivity properties of some natural apocarotenoids and their synthetic glycopeptide conjugates that could have the ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication. The study will be based on the consideration of the Conceptual DFT branch of Density Functional Theory (DFT) through the consideration of particular successful model chemistry which has been demonstrated as satisfying the Janak and Ionization Energy theorems within Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) theory. The research will be complemented by a report of the ADMET and pharmacokinetic properties hoping that this information could be of help in the development of new pharmaceutical drugs for fighting COVID-19.