bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JUDICIARY AND JUDICIARY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NATIONAL MENTALITY
Authors: Byrkovych Oleksandr
Published: January 2020

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to identify the fundamental values of the Ukrainian people, on the basis of which not only his mentality, but also all national-state institutions, including institutions of justice and justice, as well as to identify trends of influence of these values on the further development of legal foundations of the judiciary and justice of Ukraine. Method. The methodological basis of the study was the combination of principles and methods of scientific knowledge. For the objectivity of the research, a set of general scientific, special-legal, special-historical and philosophical methods of scientific knowledge was used. Results. At the current stage of reforming the institutions of the judiciary and the judiciary, the notion of fair justice, which is formed on the basis of popular national culture, plays an important role. Given the functioning of the modern Constitutional Court of Ukraine, whose representatives are formed by delegation to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the President of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the judiciary, this institution needs radical reform as it has repeatedly made political rather than constitutional decisions. Scientific novelty. Based on the analysis of the national tradition of justice, it is established that the Constitutional Court should be formed by public organizations, which are formed by legal experts. There are several higher scientific institutions in Ukraine which have departments, constitutional law research institutes. Their representatives should delegate the best experts in the constitutional right to competitive selection to fill vacancies in the constitutional court. Practical importance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal studies, preparation of special courses.
Adaptive Maximum Power Control Based on Optimum Torque Method for Wind Turbine by Using Fuzzy-Logic Adaption Mechanisms during Partial Load Operation
Authors: Saidi Youcef , Mezouar Abdelkader , Miloud Yahia , Brahmi Brahim , Kerrouche Kamel Djamel Eddine , Benmahdjoub Mohammed Amine
Published: January 2020

This paper aims to increase the effectiveness of the Maximum Power Control (MPC) strategy by using a new Adaptive Maximum Power Control method (AMPC) for maximizing the power delivered by the Wind Turbine System (WTS) during partial load operation whatever the disturbances caused by variations in wind profile. The AMPC is applied to one of the frequently used Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods called as Optimum Torque (OT) MPPT algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed AMPC strategy aims to optimize the wind energy captured by the WTS during partial load operation under rating wind speed, using Fuzzy-Logic as Adaption Mechanisms (AMPC- FLC). Additionally, the performances of the proposed improved OT-MPPT method based on AMPC-FLC are compared to the OT-MPPT method based on Conventional Maximum Power Control (CMPC-PI) under the same conditions. The robustness, dynamic performance, and fast approximation of the optimal value are proved with the numerical simulations under MATLAB/Simulink® software.
Nieznośna lekkość… reformowania oświaty
Authors: Zahorska Marta
Published: January 2020

Projektowana przez Prawo i Sprawiedliwość nowa reforma edukacji wpisuje się, ze względu na sposób jej wprowadzania, w pewien schemat, jakim podlegały także poprzednie polskie reformy. O ich kształcie decydują czynniki polityczne, a nie merytoryczne, wprowadzane są one zbyt pospiesznie, powoływani eksperci stanowią rodzaj dekorum.Ten sposób działania jest charakterystyczny nie tylko dla Polski. Badacze, których przytaczam (J. Nelson, M.S. Archer, N. Luhmann) wskazują na ograniczoną skuteczność działań reformatorskich i na ich przyczyny. Mimo prób ograniczenia wpływu państwa na edukację w ramach polityki neoliberalnej pozostaje ono najważniejszym podmiotem kształtującym system edukacyjny. Istniejące analizy skuteczności działań państwa powinny jednak stworzyć podstawy polityki uwzględniającej konieczność liczenia się z interesami innych podmiotów, a przede wszystkim długookresowej.
Polityka podatkowa na rozdrożu – wokół podatku bankowego w Polsce
Authors: Gajewski Dominik
Published: January 2020

Autor analizuje proces projektowania i wdrażania podatku bankowego wprowadzonego 1 lutego 2016r., zarówno z punktu widzenia ekonomicznego, jak i prawnego. Przedstawia jego genezę i główne rozwiązania. Wskazuje na ryzyko związane z ich implementacją,w tym na zdolność do egzekucji podatku. Prezentuje także proces kształtowania się koncepcji opodatkowania sektora bankowego w Polsce w ostatnich latach. Porównuje rozwiązania konstrukcyjne podatku zastosowane w poszczególnych państwach. Pozwalato dostrzec różnice i podobieństwa między narodowymi rozwiązaniami, w tym polskimi. Analizuje również skutki, jakie może wywołać wprowadzenie podatku bankowego w Polsce. Stawia tezę, która głosi, że ma on istotne wady konstrukcyjne, mogące sprzyjaćunikaniu opodatkowania. Przedstawia alternatywne koncepcje, które pozwoliłyby ominąć tak zwane niezamierzone konsekwencje funkcjonowania wadliwych przepisów. Autor analizuje podatek bankowy również przez pryzmat zjawiska unikania opodatkowania.
Pozycja ustrojowa samorządu gospodarczego w Polsce
Authors: Kmieciak Robert
Published: January 2020

W Polsce od początku przemian ustrojowych trwa bezowocna dyskusja dotycząca miejsca samorządu gospodarczego w systemie władzy lokalnej. Obecnie obowiązujące regulacje prawne nie zapewniają izbom gospodarczym pozycji związków publicznoprawnych. Opierają się one na fakultatywnym charakterze więzi łączących przedsiębiorców, co jest główną przyczyną słabego rozwoju rodzimego samorządu gospodarczego, a właściwie quasi samorządu gospodarczego. Wynikająca z tego słabość strukturalna i programowa organizacji przedsiębiorców wydaje się być główną przeszkodą na drodze do stworzenia efektywnego systemu zarządzania lokalnego, który mógłby zniwelować zbyt asymetryczneobecnie relacje pomiędzy samorządem terytorialnym i reprezentacją przedsiębiorców. Bez wątpienia brak tego typu struktur w sferze instytucji publicznych jest głównym powodem ich marginalizowania przez władze rządowe i samorządowe, które nie widzą potrzeby czynienia jakichkolwiek koncesji na rzecz rozproszonego środowiska gospodarczego.W tym kontekście najbardziej racjonalnym rozwiązaniem wydaje się być utworzenie powszechnego samorządu gospodarczego, który zostanie włączony do systemu władz publicznych.
Polityka publiczna w zakresie ochrony cyberprzestrzeni w UE i państwach członkowskich
Authors: Chmielewski Zbigniew
Published: January 2020

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie najważniejszych regulacji i działań podejmowanych przez Unię Europejską w ramach polityki publicznej ukierunkowanej na ochronę cyberprzestrzeni oraz dokonanie kompleksowej analizy porównawczej podstawowych regulacji dotyczących cyberbezpieczeństwa funkcjonujących w państwach członkowskich UE.W artykule zaprezentowano katalog zagadnień, które powinny się znajdować w kręgu zainteresowania polityki publicznej w zakresie cyberbezpieczeństwa, co pozwoliło przeanalizować, czy zostały one odzwierciedlone w istniejących regulacjach utworzonych na poziomie Unii Europejskiej i w jaki sposób. Opierając się na przeprowadzonych w 2015 r. przez BSA – The Software Alliance badaniach i innych dostępnych źródłach, przeanalizowano przygotowanie państw członkowskich UE do zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa w cyberprzestrzeni. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono przy tym Polsce, odnosząc się do założeń nowej strategii cyberbezpieczeństwa dla Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, opracowanychprzez Ministerstwo Cyfryzacji i opublikowanych w lutym 2016 r.
Towards a More Agile Public Policy Making
Authors: Kasianiuk Krzysztof
Published: January 2020

This article aims at discussing the values and principles of the so called AGILE management (AGILE methodologies) in the context of public policy making. In particular, an effort is put into answering the question on the possibility of including the AGILE values and principles in the conduct of policy making. Known from the IT sector, AGILE methodologies have been lately drawing more attention of public policy makers in theworld. This approach seems to have a big advantage over hitherto applied modes of public operation, as it allows for a quicker adaptation of policies to changes of the environment.At the same time however, it seems to pose much bigger challenges on policy making bodies, as it requires a strong capacity for regulating diversity throughout the policy making processes in real time.
W drodze ku gospodarce niskoemisyjnej w Polsce. Społeczno-prawne aspekty polityki publicznej
Authors: Grzymała Zbigniew , Wojakowska-Żeglińska Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

Artykuł ma celu przedstawienie skutków klimatycznych i społecznych, głównie zdrowotnych, emisji różnych substancji w procesie spalania węgla i odpadów oraz ramy prawne odnoszące się do kwestii zanieczyszczenia powietrza w wyniku niskiej emisji. Autor odnosi się również do głównych kierunków zmian proponowanych w tzw. ustawie antysmogowej. Autor stawia tezę, że w Polsce wciąż nie rozwiązano problemów dotyczącychniskiej emisji pomimo podejmowanych działań wyrażających się w nowelizacji ustawy – Prawo ochrony środowiska. Jego zdaniem, przed Polską jest daleka droga do stworzenia gospodarki niskoemisyjnej. Tradycyjne wykorzystywanie węgla w Polsce utrudnia w praktyce wprowadzenie prośrodowiskowych zmian. Pewną patologią społeczną jest również spalanie odpadów wytwarzanych w gospodarstwach domowych. Wśród tychodpadów obok komunalnych można odnaleźć odpady niebezpieczne, także wytwarzane w gospodarstwach domowych. Poziom edukacji ekologicznej pozostawia wiele do życzenia. Bez podjęcia istotnych działań dalej będziemy niszczyli zdrowie swoje i sąsiadów, przyczyniali się, zdaniem części klimatologów, do zmiany klimatu i również płacili kary za niedotrzymanie prośrodowiskowych zobowiązań wobec Unii Europejskiej.
The Memory of Communist Poland in the Third Polish Republic. A Tentative Systematisation
Authors: Łazor Jerzy , Morawski Wojciech
Published: January 2020

The political discourse in Poland in the final years before the fall of communism in 1989, was based on a strong opposition between the authorities and the rest of society. Even then, however, support for the opposition was not unanimous, and it was even less so in previous years. Most Poles considered the communist system forced, exogenous, oppressive, unacceptable, and supported by the Soviet threat. Still, individual reactions were varied: there were different paths to be taken through communism. The authors of the paper discuss how these paths contributed to differing recollections of the period. They focus on the collective memory of political parties and politicians, particularly on the controversial question of collaborating with the communist regime and the rights to veteran status among the former opposition members. It is a story of two types of memory: the one stressing reconciliation and the other pushing the distinction between former regime representatives and democratic opposition members
Implementasi, Implementasi Metode Everyone Is Teacher Here Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Materi Jiwa Lebih Tenang Dengan Banyak Melakukan Sujud Kelas VIII/D SMPN 2 Kota Bima Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Mariamah Mariamah
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui bagaimanakah penerapan metode everyone is a teacher here pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Materi Jiwa Lebih Tenang Dengan Banyak Melakukan Sujud kelas VIII/D SMPN 2 Kota Bima Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 dengan subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII/D SMPN 2 Kota Bima sebanyak 28 siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas dengan Instrumen penelitianya adalah Tes hasil belajar dan observasi aktivitas siswa dan Guru. Adapun indikator ketuntasannya adalah siswa minimal berkategori aktif dan guru minimal berkategori baik, ketuntasan individu siswa ≥ 70 dan ketuntasan klasikalnya adalah ≥85% siswa yang tuntas hasil belajarnya.

Pelaksanaan penelitian didapat bahwa proses pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Materi Jiwa Lebih Tenang Dengan Banyak Melakukan Sujud menggunakan penerapan metode everyone is a teacher here menunjukkan peningkatan yang positif. Hal ini dilihat dari rata-rata nilai awal 64,5 meningkat menjadi rata-rata nilai 74,5. Ketuntasan belajar dalam kelas meningkat dari 60,7% menjadi 85,7 %. Sedangkan aktivitas siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II mengalami kenaikan 40.3% naik menjadi 60.7% serta penurunan aktivitas negatif siswa dari 16,1% turun menjadi 5%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran Everyone Is A Teacher Here dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa.
Penerapan, Penerapan Metode Inquiri Terpimpin Dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Pokok Bahasan Hidup Tenang Dengan Kejujuran, Amanah Dan Istiqomah Kelas VII/D SMPN 2 Kota Bima Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Nurminhayati Siti
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi siswa kelas VII/D di SMPN 2 Kota Bima pada materi pembelajaran hidup tenang dengan kejujuran, amanah dan istiqomah melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran Inquiri Terpimpin. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan siklus, dimana setiap siklus terdiri dari 3 pertemuan yang mana 2 pertemuan untuk proses pembelajaran dan 1 pertemuan untuk evaluasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII/D SMPN 2 Kota Bima yang berjumlah 32 orang. Data ketuntasan prestasi belajar siswa dikumpulkan melalui tes evaluasi sedangkan data ketuntasan aktivitas siswa dan guru dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa jumlah skor aktivitas siswa dalam 2 siklus selalu mengalami peningkatan. Pada siklus I skor aktivitas berturut-turut pertemuan pertama 47% dan pertemuan kedua 60% dengan kategori aktif sedangkan pada siklus II skor aktivitas siswa pertemuan pertama 73% dan pertemuan kedua 87% dengan kategori sangat aktif. Selain itu, prosentase ketuntasan prestasi belajar siswa dalam 2 siklus berturut-turut siklus I adalah 72% dan siklus II adalah 88%. Ketuntasan prestasi belajar siswa dalam 2 siklus selalu meningkat, hal ini disebabkan karena siswa aktif menemukan sendiri konsep-konsep yang ada dalam LKS sehingga materi yang ditemukan akan lama diingat. Dari hasil keseluruhan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode pembelajaran Inquiri Terpimpin dapat meningkatkan prestasi dan aktivitas belajar siswa kelas VII/D di SMPN 2 Kota Bima pada materi pembelajaran hidup tenang dengan kejujuran, amanah dan istiqomah
Metaphor, Metamorphosis and Meaning: ‘All the Possibilities of Language’ inDifference and Repetition
Authors: Cisney Vernon W.
Published: January 2020

In this paper I explore two distinct but related emphases in Deleuze's later philosophy, both on his own and in collaboration with Félix Guattari, having to do with literature. The first is the emphasis on the work of literature as an assemblage whereby the author constructs lines of flight in the pursuit of self-experimentation and self-transformation. The second is the rejection of metaphor across Deleuze's work. I use Difference and Repetition to chart the origins of these emphases, by unpacking the metaphysics of language contained in Difference and Repetition. I first recount the basic structure of Deleuze's intensive ontology, before going on to discuss the way in which the ‘fundamental encounter’ forces thought to formulate Ideas, which, as they are transmitted through the subject, alter her nature. This self-transformation is tantamount to a kind of ‘death’, whereby one is continually explicated, but this explication implies the transcendental Other-structure at the end of Difference and Repetition, wherein the Other, through language, gives birth to ‘possible worlds’. I end with the development of an unexplored concept in Difference and Repetition, the loquendum, which is what must be spoken precisely because it is inexpressible, the purely intensive. Language comes closest to this intensive use in its aesthetic, poetic, literary modes whereby authors distort their own languages.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE DATA MINING APRIORI PADA APLIKASI PENJUALAN PT. TIGA RAKSA SATRIA
Authors: Qomariah Siti , Ekawati Hanifah , Belareq Sepriyadi
Published: January 2020

been done computerized, but the sales data has not been processed optimally. there is no application that analyzes sales data for category, planning and service to consumers. Analyzing sales data is an important part of the company, an analysis of sales results has an impact on the profits to be gained by the company. Datamining is the science of digging up valuable information and knowledge in databases. One algorithm in data mining is a priori algorithm. Datamining is widely implemented in various fields such as business, commerce, and others. This research aims to make an application with the Application of Data Mining Basketball Analysis Method with Apriori Algorithm to process the sales data in a more structured, detailed and know the problems in product sales. This application generates rules that help draw conclusions needed for drawing conclusions of strategic information for companies regarding sales data. Application made with the application of a priori methods helps in the analysis of sales data that is owned.
Who are you? Addressing the Identity Issue of Political Science Majors
Authors: Springer Mark
Published: January 2020

Recent data and information from APSA describe a crisis for Political Science educators in terms of addressing the changing needs and challenges facing students as well as the declining enrollments in Political Science curriculum across the nation. Two issues found with these reports are that 1) none of them address major outcomes as a way to address creating curriculum standards across the board to meet the desired results of a better prepared major student and 2) the courses do little to address the multiple career paths of Political Science majors. This paper addresses these two areas and how they can create a better identity for a department.
"Shut it Down!": Teaching Heresthetic by Simulating the Budget Process
Authors: Smith Alex , Phillips Stephen
Published: January 2020

William Riker argued political skills and strategies can be developed through two methods: instruction or practice. Simulations offer opportunities for students to receive instruction in political strategies and practice developing political skills without the real-world consequences faced by policymakers. Budget simulations introduce students to collective action problems prevalent at all levels of American government. While developing and passing a budget provides students with practice, carefully constructing the simulation introduces the heresthetic tactics of agenda setting, strategic voting, and dimension manipulation. By incorporating these strategies into the simulation, students must navigate conflicting interests—maximize personal gains and risk not adopting a budget, or cooperate and approve a budget that may not align with personal preferences. When used in American government and political institution courses, the budget simulation helps students identify choices policymakers encounter and develop the skills necessary for navigating those situations and the broader policymaking process.
Peer Victimization, School Connectedness, and Mental Well-Being among Adolescents
Authors: Arif Sadaf , Khan Saira , K. Rauf Nelofur , Sadia Rayna
Published: January 2020

The objective of study was to explore relationship between peer victimization (PV), school connectedness (SC) and mental well-being (MWB) among adolescents. It also aimed to explore the differences based on gender and status of school across study variables. Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (Mynard & Joseph, 2000), School Connectedness Scale (SCS) (Lohmeire & Lee, 2011), and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (Stewart-Brown & Janmohamed, 2008) were used to assess study variables. In first phase, initial review of instruments was carried out. Experts from field of psychology were approached and instruments were adapted as per Pakistani culture. In the second phase, data was collected from 400 school and college going adolescents with age ranging from 14 to 19 years (M = 16.16, SD = 1.86) through convenience sampling. It was found that PV and its subscales (i.e., Physical Victimization, Verbal Victimization, Social Manipulation, and Attack on Property) were negatively related with SC and MWB. Mediational analysis indicated that SC mediates the relationship between PV and MWB and accounts for an additional 8% variance. Nonsignificant differences were observed with reference to gender and status of school on PV and its subscales except for Social Manipulation where girls had higher scores than boys. Nonsignificant differences were also apparent on SC and MWB across gender and status of school. Across status of school, students from government schools had higher scores on social manipulation as compared to students from private schools. It can be inferred that peer victimization negatively affects mental well-being by lowering school connectedness.
Pseudomonas fluorescens MZ05 Enhances Resistance against Setosphaeria turcica by Mediating Benzoxazinoid Metabolism in the Maize Inbred Line Anke35
Authors: Zhou Cheng , Ma Zhongyou , Lu Xiaoming , Zhu Lin , Yan Congsheng
Published: January 2020

Beneficial rhizobacteria can inhibit foliar pathogen infection by activation of defense responses, yet it the mechanisms of rhizobacteria-induced disease resistance remain largely unknown. Here, inoculation of susceptible maize plants with Pseudomonas fluorescens MZ05 significantly reduced disease occurrence caused by the leaf pathogen Setosphaeria turcica. Gene expression profiles of MZ05-inoculated plants were investigated by RNA-sequencing analyses, showing that several differentially expressed genes were positively associated with the metabolic processes of benzoxazinoids. Accordantly, the inoculation with P. fluorescens MZ05 resulted in a significant increase in the levels of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA) in the maize leaves. Furthermore, pre-inoculation with P. fluorescens MZ05 enhanced the transcription of two defense-related marked genes PAL and PR2a, as well as BX2 and GLU2, which are involved in DIMBOA biosynthesis, in pathogen-infected leaves. Defense responses in the inoculated plants were also greatly stronger and quicker than that in non-inoculated plants after pathogen attacks. However, virus-mediated silencing of BX2 or GLU2 remarkably attenuated the MZ05-induced effects, as evidenced by more disease occurrence and lower transcription of PAL and PR2a. Collectively, these findings indicated that the MZ05-induced increases of DIMBOA levels participated in the mediation of priming, which was the key mechanism in the rhizobacteria-induced host resistance.
Natural Compounds as Elicitors of Plant Resistance Against Diseases and New Biocontrol Strategies
Authors: Jamiołkowska Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

The goal of sustainable and organic agriculture is to optimize the health and productivity of interdependent communities of soil life, plants, animals, and people. Organic plant production uses natural products and natural self-regulation processes occurring in the ecosystem. The availability of innovative applications and molecular techniques opens up new possibilities in the approach to plant protection for sustainable and organic agriculture. New strategies not only directly protect plants against pathogens but can also induce enhanced immunity that permanently protects against pathogenic strains. This review focuses on the bioactive properties of selected natural compounds (of plant and animal origin), their action on pathogens, and their roles in the mechanism of inducing plant resistance. The author presents selected activities of organic bioactive compounds, such as allicin, naringin, terpenes, laminarin, carrageenans, chitin and chitosan, and outlines the possibilities for their application in protecting crop plants against diseases. In addition, this mini review describes the mechanism of action of the above compounds as elicitors of defense reactions in the plant and the possibility of their utilization in the production of biological preparations as elements of a new plant protection strategy.
The Effectiveness of Foliar Applications of Zinc and Biostimulants to Increase Zinc Concentration and Bioavailability of Wheat Grain
Authors: Wang Shaoxia , Tian Xiaohong , Liu Qing
Published: January 2020

Increasing zinc (Zn) concentration in wheat grain is an important global challenge due to high incidence of Zn deficiency in human populations. In this study, a two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar ZnSO4 combined with various biostimulants (fulvic acid (FA), seaweed extract (SE), amino acids (AA), and microbial incubates (MI)) on Zn concentration and bioavailability in wheat grain under different soil nitrogen (N) levels (0, 120, and 240 kg N/ha). Grain Zn concentration and bioavailability were significantly enhanced by foliar Zn plus various biostimulants and soil N supply. Compared to foliar Zn alone, foliar Zn + FA resulted in 16% increase in grain Zn, mainly from insoluble Zn increases, while foliar Zn + AA caused 11% increase in grain Zn, mainly from soluble (at N0) and insoluble Zn increases (at N120). Foliar Zn + FA and Zn + AA generally resulted in higher Zn bioavailability than foliar Zn alone. Additionally, N concentration and Fe concentration and bioavailability in grain were enhanced with foliar Zn + AA and soil N application. Thus, foliar ZnSO4 plus FA and AA under optimal soil N rate (120 kg N/ha) can be an effective and economically friendly approach for achieving agronomic biofortification.
Extraction of Anthocyanins and Total Phenolic Compounds from Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Using an Experimental Design Methodology. Part 3: Microwave-Assisted Extraction
Authors: Aliaño-González María José , Ferreiro-González Marta , Espada-Bellido Estrella , Carrera Ceferino , Palma Miguel , Ayuso Jesús , Barbero Gerardo F. , Álvarez José Á.
Published: January 2020

In this work, two methods based on microwave-assisted extraction techniques for the extraction of both anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds from açai have been developed. For that, a full factorial design (Box-Behnken design) has been used to optimize the following four variables: solvent composition (25–75% methanol in water), temperature (50–100 °C), pH (2–7), and sample/solvent ratio (0.5 g: 10 mL–0.5 g: 20 mL). The anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds content have been determined by ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography and Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively. The optimum conditions for the extraction of anthocyanins were 38% MeOH in water, 99.63 °C, pH 3.00, at 0.5 g: 10 mL of ratio, while for the extraction of total phenolic compounds they were 74.16% MeOH in water, 99.14 °C, pH 5.46, at 0.5 g: 20 mL of ratio. Both methods have shown a high repeatability and intermediate precision with a relative standard deviation lower than 5%. Furthermore, an extraction kinetics study was carried out using extraction periods ranging from 2 min until 25 min. The optimized methods have been applied to açai-containing real samples. The results with such real samples have confirmed that both methods are suitable for a rapid and reliable extraction of anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds.
The Quality of Carcass and Meat from Geese Fed Diets with or without Soybean Meal
Authors: Biesek Jakub , Kuźniacka Joanna , Banaszak Mirosław , Adamski Marek
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study was to compare the carcass and meat quality of geese fed with soybean meal or yellow lupin. In total, 210 White Kołuda® geese were divided into 2 groups (1, soybean meal (SBM); 2, yellow lupin (YL), potato protein, and brewer’s yeast) of 5 replications (21 birds per each). After 16 weeks, 10 geese (5 females, 5 males) from each group were slaughtered. Carcass dissection was done, and major physicochemical traits were analysed (pH, water holding capacity, drip loss, color, and chemical composition of muscles). Weight of leg muscles and their proportion in the carcass were higher (p < 0.05) in SBM. Breast muscles from SBM were characterized by increased (p < 0.05) drip loss, enhanced (p < 0.05) content of protein, water, collagen and connective tissue, and lower (p < 0.05) fat content. Leg muscles from SBM were characterized by higher (p < 0.05) protein and water content but decreased (p < 0.05) salt and fat content compared to YL. The addition of YL (approx. 28%), potato protein, and brewer’s yeast had no negative effect on most meat traits and could partly replace SBM as a protein source in geese feeding. Hence, yellow lupin, potato protein and brewer’s yeast can be used in geese rearing followed by fattening with oats. Some producers do not have the option of using soybean meal. Small-scale farms use their own crop resources, so lupins can be an alternative source of protein for soybean meal.
Platelet Function and Therapeutic Applications in Dogs: Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Cortese Laura , Christopherson Pete W. , Pelagalli Alessandra
Published: January 2020

Significant progress has been made in the functional characterization of canine platelets in the last two decades. The role of canine platelets in hemostasis includes their adhesion to the subendothelium, activation, and aggregation, leading to primary clot formation at the site of injury. Studies on canine platelet function and advancements in laboratory testing have improved the diagnosis and understanding of platelet-related disorders as well as the knowledge of the mechanisms behind these diseases. This review focuses on the most recent discoveries in canine platelet structure, function, and disorders; and discusses the efficacy of various tests in the diagnosis of platelet-related disorders. With the relatively recent discovery of angiogenetic and reparative effects of growth factors found in platelets, this review also summarizes the use of canine platelet-rich plasma (PRP) alone or in association with stem cells in regenerative therapy. The characterization of proteomic and lipidomic profiles and development of platelet gene therapy in veterinary species are areas of future study with potential for major therapeutic benefits.
Screening of Deletion Variants within the Goat PRDM6 Gene and Its Effects on Growth Traits
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wang Congliang , Guo Yongni , She Shuaishuai , Wang Baojing , Jiang Yuru , Bai Yangyang , Song Xiaoyue , Li Longping , Shi Lei , Qu Lei , Lan Xianyong , Zhu Haijing
Published: January 2020

By genome-wide association studies, the PRDM6 gene has been shown to affect multiple, apparently unrelated inherited traits, including bone density and body mass index. Therefore, it is considered a potentially pleiotropic gene. In this study, we identified a 12 bp deletion variant (NC_030814.1:rs651603667, g: 79985625-79985636delTTGACTGATCCA) within the PRDM6 gene in a large sample (SBWC goats; n = 1044). All goat samples were collected in Shaanxi province in July 2018. The frequency of the wt allele was higher than the frequency of the del allele, and this mutation polymorphism confirmed to be consistent with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). Further results showed that in a group of goats in the yearling period (18 months old, n = 567), this deletion variant of the PRDM6 gene was associated with heart girth (p = 0.027), cannon circumference (p = 0.008), chest depth (p = 2.10 × 10−5), chest width (p = 0.004), body height (p = 0.032), body length (p = 0.044) and hip-width (p = 0.014). For adult SBWC goats (36 months old, n = 477), the effects of the 12 bp variation on growth-related traits were found to make no difference. These findings show that the 12 bp deletion within the goat PRDM6 gene plays an important role in the early growth and development of goats. Using the 12 bp mutation, breeders can quickly and effectively select excellent individual goats at an early stage.
Anti-Fungal Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids
Authors: Al Aboody Mohammed Saleh , Mickymaray Suresh
Published: January 2020

The prevalence of fungal infections is growing at an alarming pace and the pathogenesis is still not clearly understood. Recurrence of these fungal diseases is often due to their evolutionary avoidance of antifungal resistance. The development of suitable novel antimicrobial agents for fungal diseases continues to be a major problem in the current clinical field. Hence, it is urgently necessary to develop surrogate agents that are more effective than conventional available drugs. Among the remarkable innovations from earlier investigations on natural-drugs, flavonoids are a group of plant-derived substances capable of promoting many valuable effects on humans. The identification of flavonoids with possible antifungal effects at small concentrations or in synergistic combinations could help to overcome this problem. A combination of flavonoids with available drugs is an excellent approach to reduce the side effects and toxicity. This review focuses on various naturally occurring flavonoids and their antifungal activities, modes of action, and synergetic use in combination with conventional drugs.
Maslinic Acid Ameliorates Inflammation via the Downregulation of NF-κB and STAT-1
Authors: Lee Wonhwa , Kim Jaehong , Park Eui Kyun , Bae Jong-Sup
Published: January 2020

Maslinic acid (MA), a natural compound of the triterpenoid group derived from olive, prevents the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we characterized the effects of MA on the regulation of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, cyclooxygenase (COX-)2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). MA was tested in the lung tissues of LPS-treated mice, to determine its effect on levels of iNOS expression and representative inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1α and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. We show that MA induced the expression of HO-1, reduced LPS-induced NF-κB-luciferase activity, and inhibited iNOS/NO and COX-2/PGE2, resulting in the downregulation of STAT-1 phosphorylation. Furthermore, our data show that MA induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, increased the binding of Nrf2 to ARE, and decreased IL-1α production in LPS-treated HUVECs. The MA-induced reduction in iNOS/NO expression was reversed by RNAi suppression of HO-1. In mice treated with LPS, MA significantly downregulated levels of iNOS in lung tissue and TNF-α in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Taken together, our findings indicate that MA exerts a critical anti-inflammatory effect by modulating iNOS via the downregulation of NF-κB and p-STAT-1. Thus, we propose that MA may be an ideal substance to treat inflammatory diseases.
Data-Centric Communication Framework for Multicast IEC 61850 Routable GOOSE Messages over the WAN in Modern Power Systems
Authors: Youssef Tarek A. , Esfahani Mohammad Mahmoudian , Mohammed Osama
Published: January 2020

In this paper, a data-centric communication framework is proposed for multicast routable generic object-oriented substation event (GOOSE) messages (MRGM) over the wide area network (WAN) for effective substation-to-substation (SS2SS) and substation to control center (SS2CC) communications. In this structure, the IEC 61850 GOOSE message is transmitted over the WAN using the data distribution service (DDS) as a fast, reliable, and secure data-centric communication middleware. The main feature of this framework is its multicast capability, where several authorized subscribers can receive a published message simultaneously. This can significantly improve the system monitoring and control of the protection systems in modern smart grids, where intelligent schemes can be applied. The effectiveness of the proposed platform, in terms of total end-to-end delay between participants, is evaluated through experimental results obtained from the actual hardware-based test setup developed at the Florida International University (FIU) smart grid testbed. The results demonstrate that the latency between sending and receiving a GOOSE message among participants is within its maximum time span defined by the IEC 61850-90-5 working group for communications over the WAN.
Terahertz Spectroscopy of Thermal Radiation from AlGaN/GaN Heterostructure on Sapphire at Low Temperatures
Authors: Grigelionis Ignas , Kašalynas Irmantas
Published: January 2020

Terahertz spectroscopy of thermal radiation from electrically pumped AlGaN/GaN structures on sapphire substrate was investigated in this work. Comparison of experimental THz spectroscopy results to theoretical spectra calculations shows that thermal radiation of the sample lattice is the main mechanism causing the emission above T = 155 K, and it is mainly influenced by sapphire substrate. Here, the emission was attributed to the radiative electron transitions in shallow impurities and nitrogen vacancies as well as to radiative decay of longitudinal optical phonons (387 cm - 1 ) in sapphire substrate. We have successfully demonstrated that THz emission spectroscopy can be used to define the temperature at which thermal emission from AlGaN/GaN HEMT structures dominates the emission spectrum.
Multiagency Modeling of Transformation Strategies Towards Sustainable Smart Cities
Authors: Gotlib Dariusz , Kulisiewicz Tomasz , Muraszkiewicz Mieczysław , Olszewski Robert
Published: January 2020

Given the relentless development of intelligent information and communication technology (ICT) systems, a growing need for cities to transform towards smart solutions and, on the other hand, a lack of firm methodological approaches to implement such transformations, the paper contributes to establishing a theory for modeling the transformation of cities towards sustainable, smart cities. The article presents the results of research: a model and a visualization method for supporting cities in elaborating and implementing transformation strategies. The authors’ experience is that intelligible, algorithmizable, and easily visualized models are being sought to assist city authorities in making informed decisions regarding the development of their cities. The paper proposes the concepts of the smartness zone and sustainability corridor, which allow one to devise and visualize the process of a city’s development and transformation in a simple, coherent, and comprehensible way, and to observe and monitor its development path. It presents a new generic instrument for modeling transformation strategies, which are the tools addressed to municipal authorities, analysts, and developers who can use them in order to design, implement, monitor, and optimize transformation strategies towards smart cities.
Image Super-Resolution Based on CNN Using Multilabel Gene Expression Programming
Authors: Tang Jiali , Huang Chenrong , Liu Jian , Zhu Hongjin
Published: January 2020

Current mainstream super-resolution algorithms based on deep learning use a deep convolution neural network (CNN) framework to realize end-to-end learning from low-resolution (LR) image to high-resolution (HR) images, and have achieved good image restoration effects. However, as the number of layers in the network is increased, better results are not necessarily obtained, and there will be problems such as slow training convergence, mismatched sample blocks, and unstable image restoration results. We propose a preclassified deep-learning algorithm (MGEP-SRCNN) using Multilabel Gene Expression Programming (MGEP), which screens out a sample sub-bank with high relevance to the target image before image block extraction, preclassifies samples in a multilabel framework, and then performs nonlinear mapping and image reconstruction. The algorithm is verified through standard images, and better objective image quality is obtained. The restoration effect under different magnification conditions is also better.
Optimization of the Distribution Network Using an Emerging Technology
Authors: Ulin Hernández Emanuel Jesús , Saucedo Martínez Jania Astrid , Marmolejo Saucedo José Antonio
Published: January 2020

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are a technology that has recently been incorporated in the distribution of products, which in this study, are packages. It can improve the distribution system in environments where there is significant traffic congestion. Furthermore, UAV can help to deliver small packages between warehouses, by using them as an alternative means of distribution. The incursion is of an emerging technology, in this case the use of drones, for a new delivery system in order to improve a university distribution system, in the view of the fact that in recent years, companies have focused on the use of logistics operations for the improvement of productivity and delivery times. The study presents a mathematical model, based on the Problem of the Traveling Salesman (TSP) for the planning of a route to increase the efficiency in the distribution process at Ciudad Universitaria, an Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) campus that contemplates the use of the emerging technology of UAVs, and the traditional method of using trucks. The model considers restrictions on the use of drones, such as the limitation of travel times and maximum distance.
Semantic Publication of Agricultural Scientific Literature Using Property Graphs
Authors: Abad-Navarro Francisco , Bernabé-Diaz José Antonio , García-Castro Alexander , Fernandez-Breis Jesualdo Tomás
Published: January 2020

During the last decades, there have been significant changes in science that have provoked a big increase in the number of articles published every year. This increment implies a new difficulty for scientists, who have to do an extra effort for selecting literature relevant for their activity. In this work, we present a pipeline for the generation of scientific literature knowledge graphs in the agriculture domain. The pipeline combines Semantic Web and natural language processing technologies, which make data understandable by computer agents, empowering the development of final user applications for literature searches. This workflow consists of (1) RDF generation, including metadata and contents; (2) semantic annotation of the content; and (3) property graph population by adding domain knowledge from ontologies, in addition to the previously generated RDF data describing the articles. This pipeline was applied to a set of 127 agriculture articles, generating a knowledge graph implemented in Neo4j, publicly available on Docker. The potential of our model is illustrated through a series of queries and use cases, which not only include queries about authors or references but also deal with article similarity or clustering based on semantic annotation, which is facilitated by the inclusion of domain ontologies in the graph.
Multi-Player Tracking for Multi-View Sports Videos with Improved K-Shortest Path Algorithm
Authors: Liang Qiaokang , Wu Wanneng , Yang Yukun , Zhang Ruiheng , Peng Yu , Xu Min
Published: January 2020

Sports analysis has recently attracted increasing research efforts in computer vision. Among them, basketball video analysis is very challenging due to severe occlusions and fast motions. As a typical tracking-by-detection method, k-shortest paths (KSP) tracking framework has been well used for multiple-person tracking. While effective and fast, the neglect of the appearance model would easily lead to identity switches, especially when two or more players are intertwined with each other. This paper addresses this problem by taking the appearance features into account based on the KSP framework. Furthermore, we also introduce a similarity measurement method that can fuse multiple appearance features together. In this paper, we select jersey color and jersey number as two example features. Experiments indicate that about 70% of jersey color and 50% of jersey number over a whole sequence would ensure our proposed method preserve the player identity better than the existing KSP tracking method.
Analysis and Application of Screens for Acoustic Impedance in a Speaker Box with a Passive Radiator to Decrease Standing-Wave Influence
Authors: Jiang Yuan-Wu , Xu Dan-Ping , Jiang Zhi-Xiong , Kim Jun-Hyung , Park Ki-Hong , Hwang Sang-Moon
Published: January 2020

Micro speakers are playing an increasingly important role with the development of multimedia devices. This study applies the lumped-parameter method, which uses an equivalent circuit to model the electromagnetic and mechanical domains. The acoustic domain is modeled using the finite element method. Based on the analysis tool, the use of a screen is analyzed, and the screen is designed to depress the acoustic resonance in the sound-pressure-level curve and improve the performance. The samples are fabricated, and the experiment verifies the analysis method. The experimental result shows that the peak and dip due to the standing wave are cancelled, and the frequency response is smooth when the screen is used.
Measurement and Modeling of 3D Solar Irradiance for Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic
Authors: Araki Kenji , Ota Yasuyuki , Yamaguchi Masafumi
Published: January 2020

The energy yield of vehicle-integrated photovoltaics (VIPV) differs from that of standard photovoltaics (PV). It is mainly by the difference of the solar irradiance onto the car roof and car bodies as well as its curved shape. Both meaningful and practical modeling and measurement of solar irradiance for VIPV need to be established, rather than the extension of the current technologies. The solar irradiance is modeled by a random distribution of shading objects and car orientation with the correction of the curved surface of the PV modules. The measurement of the solar irradiance onto the car roof and car body is done using five pyranometers in five local axes on the car for one year. The measured dynamic solar irradiance onto the car body and car roof is used for validation of the solar irradiance model in the car.
Study on the Sensitivity of Summer Ozone Density to the Enhanced Aerosol Loading over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yan Jianjun , Wang Geli , Yang Peicai
Published: January 2020

The existence of the Asian tropopause aerosol layer (ATAL) and the influence of the heterogeneous chemistry of aerosols on the summer ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau have received continuous attention. In this paper, based on the established box model of the heterogeneous chemical reactions of stratospheric ozone and comparative simulation and sensitivity tests, the influence of heterogeneous chemical reactions of possible aerosols over the Tibetan Plateau on the ozone valley is analyzed and evaluated. The preliminary results show that from May to August, the change in the temperature and pressure field has little effect on the ozone valley, and the lower the temperature is, the higher the ozone concentration. The temperature itself has a negative correlation with ozone chemistry. The influence ratio of heterogeneous chemical reactions on the ozone valley from May to August is approximately 0.5–17%, and the maximum in June is approximately 5%. With the decrease in monsoon convection, the influence ratio of heterogeneous chemical reactions increases.