bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New insight into the spatiotemporal distribution and ecological risk assessment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the Minjiang and Tuojiang rivers: perspective of watershed landscape patterns
Authors: Zhao Weike , Li Peilin , Yang Bo
Published: July 2024

This study evaluated the pollution characteristics, spatiotemporal distribution, and ecological risks of eight endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the Minjiang and Tuojiang rivers.
Engineering lignin-derivable diacrylate networks with tunable architecture and mechanics
Authors: Wong Yu-Tai , Korley LaShanda T. J.
Published: July 2024

Thermomechanical properties are tuned by varying diacrylate content and size in lignin-derivable networks, highlighting the design of processable, fully renewable, and performance-driven (meth)acrylate networks using network engineering approaches.
Efficient alkaline water electrolysis with an iron-incorporated yttrium oxide/yttrium phosphide nanorod catalyst on Ni foam: overpotential reduction and electrochemical insights
Authors: Pandey Subash , Luck Rudy L.
Published: July 2024

Production of a non-noble transition metal phosphide-based catalyst containing Fe, Y, P, and O for bifunctional water-splitting applications.
Filler effects inspired high performance polyurethane elastomer design: segment arrangement control
Authors: Shi Jiaxin , Zheng Tianze , Wang Zhiqi , Wang Pujin , Yang Hongkun , Guo Jinjing , Wang Dong , Guo Baohua , Xu Jun
Published: July 2024

Inspired by filler effects, a strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of TPU elastomers by designing segments arrangement is presented.
Enhanced visible-light-active photocatalysts: incorporating bismuth tungstate into graphitic carbon nitride for an efficient condensation reaction
Authors: Shobika Murugesan , Roopan Selvaraj Mohana
Published: July 2024

Bismuth tungstate/graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysts were synthesized to perform condensation reactions in low-power blue LEDs.
Coordination vs. oxidative rearrangement of photochromic spiropyrans upon reacting with FeIIICl3 and FeIIIBr3
Authors: Osipov Nikita G. , Faraonov Maxim A. , Kuzmin Alexey V. , Khasanov Salavat S. , Shestakov Alexander F. , Denisov Nikolay N. , Savinykh Tatiana A. , Otsuka Akihiro , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Konarev Dmitri V.
Published: July 2024

Photochromic spiropyrans form complexes with FeIIICl3 or FeIIIBr3. They have intense absorption in the visible range. Planar TMNOY+ cations (shown on the right) were also obtained by the oxidation and deprotonation of spiropyran with FeIIIBr3.
Ammonium ion intercalation and oxygen-rich vacancies in birnessite-type MnO2 for supercapacitors and oxygen evolution applications
Authors: Liu Juyin , Ren Xiaoze , Gao Yanfang , Liu Ling
Published: July 2024

Defect engineering is an effective strategy to improve the electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of transition metal oxide-based electrode materials.
Electrochemical oxidative thioetherification of aldehyde hydrazones with thiophenols
Authors: Hu Meiqian , Yang Xiaolin , Zhang Shuai , Qin Changsheng , Zhang Zhihua , Wang Jingfang , Ji Fanghua , Jiang Guangbin
Published: July 2024

An electrochemically promoted oxidative dehydrogenation cross-coupling reaction between aldehyde hydrazones and thiophenols is demonstrated for the first time, which results in a variety of thioetherified products in moderate to excellent yields.
Ammonium carboxylates in the ammonia-Ugi reaction: one-pot synthesis of α,α-disubstituted amino acid derivatives including unnatural dipeptides
Authors: Tomohara Keisuke , Kusaba Satoru , Masui Mana , Uchida Tatsuya , Nambu Hisanori , Nose Takeru
Published: July 2024

Using ammonium carboxylates in trifluoroethanol, the ammonia-Ugi reaction proceeded with high yields at room temperature and gave a variety of α,α-disubstituted amino acid derivatives, including unnatural dipeptides.
Sunlight-driven photoinitiating systems for photopolymerization and application in direct laser writing
Authors: Feng Ji , Gao Tong , Morlet-Savary Fabrice , Schmitt Michael , Dietlin Celine , Zhang Jing , Xiao Pu , Dumur Frédéric , Lalevée Jacques
Published: July 2024

Currently, there are only a few industrial and academic works focused on photopolymerization conducted under natural light.
Inherently chiral nor-heteracalixarenes: design and synthesis via enantioselective intramolecular Suzuki–Miyaura reaction
Authors: Jiang Yi-Fan , Tong Shuo , Zhu Jieping , Wang Mei-Xiang
Published: July 2024

Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of tetramer 1 forms inherently chiral nor-heteracalixarenes 2 in high yields and ees. The chirality arises solely from the hindered through-the-annulus rotation of the low rim alkoxy substituent in ring A.
Advanced biofuels: a path to sustainable energy
Authors: Maharjan Anoth , Kim Mi-Reu , Choi Wonho , Kim Hyoung-Chin , Park Jung-Ho
Published: July 2024

Commercialization has been primarily responsible for the recent sharp rise seen in energy consumption, which has coincided with an increasing global population.
Electrochemical strategies for urea synthesis via C–N coupling of integrated carbon oxide–nitrogenous molecule reduction
Authors: Theerthagiri Jayaraman , Karuppasamy K. , Maia Gilberto , Aruna Kumari M. L. , Min Ahreum , Moon Cheol Joo , R. Souza Marciélli K. , Vadivel Neshanth , Murthy Arun Prasad , Kheawhom Soorathep , Alfantazi Akram , Choi Myong Yong
Published: July 2024

This work highlights the electrocatalytic C–N coupling for urea synthesis, addressing CO2 and nitrogenous molecule reduction. It tackles challenges in inert molecule activation, side reactions, mechanistic insights, and catalyst development.
Naphthyridinedione-based multifunctional small molecules for applications in both photovoltaics and transistors
Authors: Choi Min-Woo , Park Sungjin , Kim Su-Yeon , Kim Dong Won , Kim Seong Il , Yoon Won Sik , Park Soo Young
Published: July 2024

Naphthyridinedione-based multifunctional molecules were designed and simply synthesized. They exhibited photoconversion efficiencies of up to 8.2% for OPVs and hole/electron mobilities of 10−3–10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1 for ambipolar OFETs.
Efficient and stable perovskite solar cells through electrochemically polymerized porphyrin-based hole-transporting materials
Authors: Liu Ziyan , Xu Yuting , Li Aijun , Li Yuanlin , Xiang Tianfu , Sun Yuting , Ren Hangchen , Sasaki Shin-ichi , Miyasaka Tsutomu , Wang Xiao-Feng
Published: July 2024

The hole-transporting layer (HTL), a pivotal component of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), can significantly improve device performance.
Leveraging surface phonon polaritons for enhanced Q-factor of mid-infrared BaTiO3 nanoresonators
Authors: Cheng Tao , Zhao Huanhuan , Kong Weiheng , Liu Linhua , Yang Jia-Yue
Published: July 2024

BaTiO3 all-dielectric metasurfaces exhibit a broader SPhPs propagation range and possess a higher Q-factor compared to conventional fully dielectric supersurfaces.
Integrating bacterial molecular genetics with chemical biology for renewed antibacterial drug discovery
Authors: Parkhill Susannah L. , Johnson Eachan O.
Published: July 2024

The application of dyes to understanding the aetiology of infection inspired antimicrobial chemotherapy and the first wave of antibacterial drugs. The second wave of antibacterial drug discovery was driven by rapid discovery of natural products, now making up 69% of current antibacterial drugs. But now with the most prevalent natural products already discovered, ∼107 new soil-dwelling bacterial species must be screened to discover one new class of natural product. Therefore, instead of a third wave of antibacterial drug discovery, there is now a discovery bottleneck. Unlike natural products which are curated by billions of years of microbial antagonism, the vast synthetic chemical space still requires artificial curation through the therapeutics science of antibacterial drugs — a systematic understanding of how small molecules interact with bacterial physiology, effect desired phenotypes, and benefit the host. Bacterial molecular genetics can elucidate pathogen biology relevant to therapeutics development, but it can also be applied directly to understanding mechanisms and liabilities of new chemical agents with new mechanisms of action. Therefore, the next phase of antibacterial drug discovery could be enabled by integrating chemical expertise with systematic dissection of bacterial infection biology. Facing the ambitious endeavour to find new molecules from nature or new-to-nature which cure bacterial infections, the capabilities furnished by modern chemical biology and molecular genetics can be applied to prospecting for chemical modulators of new targets which circumvent prevalent resistance mechanisms.
Charting the importance of filamin A posttranslational modifications
Authors: Shead Kyle D. , Salyahetdinova Veneta , Baillie George S.
Published: July 2024

Filamin A is an essential protein in the cell cytoskeleton because of its actin binding properties and unique homodimer rod-shaped structure, which organises actin into three-dimensional orthogonal networks imperative to cell motility, spreading and adhesion. Filamin A is subject to extensive posttranslational modification (PTM) which serves to co-ordinate cellular architecture and to modulate its large protein-protein interaction network which is key to the protein's role as a cellular signalling hub. Characterised PTMs include phosphorylation, irreversible cleavage, ubiquitin mediated degradation, hydroxylation and O-GlcNAcylation, with preliminary evidence of tyrosylation, carbonylation and acetylation. Each modification and its relation to filamin A function will be described here. These modifications are often aberrantly applied in a range of diseases including, but not limited to, cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurological disease and we discuss the concept of target specific PTMs with novel therapeutic modalities. In summary, our review represents a topical ‘one-stop-shop’ that enables understanding of filamin A function in cell homeostasis and provides insight into how a variety of modifications add an extra level of Filamin A control.
The Pristine Inner Galaxy Survey (PIGS)
Authors: Sestito Federico , Vitali Sara , Jofre Paula , Venn Kim A. , Aguado David S. , Aguilera-Gómez Claudia , Ardern-Arentsen Anke , de Brito Silva Danielle , Carlberg Raymond , Eldridge Camilla J. L. , Gran Felipe , Hill Vanessa , Jablonka Pascale , Kordopatis Georges , Martin Nicolas F. , Matsuno Tadafumi , Rusterucci Samuel , Starkenburg Else , Viswanathan Akshara
Published: July 2024

The most metal-poor stars provide valuable insights into the early chemical enrichment history of a system, carrying the chemical imprints of the first generations of supernovae. The most metal-poor region of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy remains inadequately observed and characterised. To date, only ∼4 stars with [Fe/H] < −2.0 have been chemically analysed with high-resolution spectroscopy. In this study, we present the most extensive chemical abundance analysis of 12 low-metallicity stars with metallicities down to [Fe/H] = −3.26 and located in the main body of Sagittarius. These targets, selected from the Pristine Inner Galaxy Survey, were observed using the MIKE high-resolution spectrograph at the Magellan-Clay telescope, which allowed us to measure up to 17 chemical species. The chemical composition of these stars reflects the imprint of a variety of type II supernovae (SNe II). A combination of low- to intermediate-mass high-energy SNe and hypernovae (∼10 − 70 M⊙) is required to account for the abundance patterns of the lighter elements up to the Fe-peak. The trend of the heavy elements suggests the involvement of compact binary merger events and fast-rotating (up to ∼300 km s−1) intermediate-mass to massive metal-poor stars (∼25 − 120 M⊙) that are the sources of rapid and slow processes, respectively. Additionally, asymptotic giant branch stars contribute to a wide dispersion of [Ba/Mg] and [Ba/Eu]. The absence of an α−knee in our data indicates that type Ia supernovae did not contribute in the very metal-poor region ([Fe/H] ≤ −2.0). However, they might have started to pollute the interstellar medium at [Fe/H] > −2.0, given the relatively low [Co/Fe] in this metallicity region.
RETRACTED: Productivity of spring barley on soils of different agroecological groups of r. Tatarstan, Nizhnekamsk district
Authors: Prokhorov A.A. , Efimov O.E. , Borisov B.A. , Ageev K.D. , Goryachev K.S.
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Comparison of NO3 anion levels in fruits from different climatic regions
Authors: Shvetsova Svetlana
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Reducing processing time, sorting and packaging of agricultural products
Authors: Shvetsova Svetlana
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: The method of calculating sprinklers for wide-reach sprinklers
Authors: Zhuravleva Larisa
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Theoretical substantiation of the parameters of the debris removal device of the cotton picker apparatus
Authors: Yakubov Khushnud , Ravutov Shavkat , Masharibov Anvarbek , Kadirov Islom
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Method of pruning apple tree crown size and increase in photosynthesis productivity
Authors: Yunusov Rustam , To`rayeva Nargiza
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Effect of degradable protein in cow diet on body systems’ physiological status
Authors: Kharitonov E.L.
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Main directions of ensuring food security in the regions
Authors: Uktamov Khusniddin , Komilov Akhmadjon , Kuryozov Orinboy , Mirziyodova Gulnozaxon , Khashimova Dilyora
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: The significance of queen bee eggs in beekeeping (in the conditions of Bukhara region)
Authors: Azizova N.A. , Torayev M.M. , Bakayeva Sh.B. , Ghaziyeva G.A.
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Increasing the ecological and recreational importance of the springs of the Chuvash Republic
Authors: Nikonorova Inna , Ilyin Vladimir , Ilyina Anastasia , Nikitin Andrey
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Ensuring the environmental development of the far east
Authors: Blazhevich Oleg , Burkaltseva Diana , Polskaya Svetlana , Osmanova Elnara , Fomin Mikhail , Fomin Alexey , Guk Olga , Bondarenko Daniil
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Q-Learning: Advancing various systems, including real and virtual environments – current and future states
Authors: Matygov Movsar , Aygumov Timur , Abdurashidov Shamil
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: The creation of quasigeoid model by local method in the territory of the Republic of Armenia
Authors: Petrosyan H. , Harutyunyan N. , Petrosyan S.
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Mental regulation of psychological states in ordinary and stressful conditions
Authors: Prokhorov Alexander , Shimrova Lyudmila , Yusupov Mark
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Improving the country’s food security in the conditions of developing a circular economy
Authors: Uktamov Khusniddin , Akhmedov Sherzod , Khashimova Dilyora , Fayziyeva Khamida , Narmanov Ulugbek , Sobirova Dildora , Kuryozov Orinboy , Komilov Akhmadjon
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Environmental policy and the environmental situation in the countries of Central Asia
Authors: Gulomov Ilhomjon , Rasulova Risligoy
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Environmental education in higher education: Modern tracks
Authors: Azarkhin Aleksey , Abduev Sayhan
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Environmental responsibility as an element of legal culture of the population
Authors: Milova Irina , Oskin Egor
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Classification system of risks of nature-use activities in Arctic coastal eco-socio-economic systems
Authors: Gogoberidze George , Rumiantceva Ekaterina , Efimenko Ekaterina
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Environment care as Intention of non-business undergraduate students to enroll taxation courses
Authors: Simbillo Janus Aries Q. , Cordova Wilson , Gerona Estephany M.
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Analysis of trends and forecasting of tuberculosis mortality at the regional level
Authors: Cherniaev Igor , Tsvetkov Andrey , Chugaev Yury , Chernavin Pavel
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Unmet needs for medical care in the Amur region
Authors: Polyanskaya Elena
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
Surface-derived fluid percolation along detachment systems enhanced by syn-kinematic granites: uranium mineralization as an application
Authors: Bock Khaled , Branquet Yannick , Boulvais Philippe , Duretz Thibault
Published: July 2024

Detachment zones are privileged areas for the interaction between surface-derived fluids and rocks, potentially leading to ore deposition. However, the hydrodynamics of detachments and specifically the way by which surface-derived fluids reach crustal depths, remain enigmatic. This question is even more puzzling when the heating caused by the emplacement of a syn-kinematic granite increases the buoyancy of fluids, thus impeding their descent. Here, 2D hydrothermal numerical models are performed. The geometry comprises a detachment and secondary normal faults in the hanging wall. Sensitivity tests were carried out to assess the impact of topographic gradients, syn-tectonic magmatic activity and the depth-dependent permeability contrast between the detachment and the crust. Several flow indicators, integrated over time and combined with particle tracking, enable us to highlight the main controls of fluid circulations. Our study reveals that the infiltration of surface-derived fluids into detachment zones is enhanced by the presence of a heat source at depth, such as a syn-kinematic pluton. Secondary faults are the main percolation path for surface-derived fluids infiltrating the detachment. Plume-like thermal anomalies have been spotted between these faults. The dynamic permeabilities of magmatic intrusions, which depend on sub-solidus temperatures, spatially and temporally reproduce the conceptual model of uranium mineralization in the South Armorican Variscan Domain, which is used as an example.
Reaction Mechanism of Hot Metal Desulfurization in the KR Process and Application of Red Mud as an Additive to Desulfurization Flux
Authors: Jung Soon-Jong , Bang Kang-Ho , Jeong Baek-Kyoo , Bernhard Michael , Kang Youn-Bae
Published: July 2024

The successful removal of sulfur (S) from hot metal is exemplified by the Kanbara Reactor (KR) process. However, a clearer understanding of its operating mechanism is needed. This study investigates the role of lime as the primary desulfurization agent, considering its chemical and mechanical aspects. Lime was found to not only chemically remove S but also facilitate the fragmentation of the desulfurization flux, which is crucial for enhancing the interfacial reaction area during vigorous mechanical stirring in the KR process. Fragmentation depends on the liquid-solid volume fraction in the flux. Traditionally, fluorspar has been used as an additive to aid in lime melting, but due to its environmental toxicity, alternative additives have been proposed. In this study, red mud, an industrial waste from alumina production, and spent MgOC refractory, were used as additives to lime, creating a novel desulfurization flux for hot metal in steelmaking. Laboratory-scale tests were conducted with mechanical stirring. A “DeS Index” was introduced to quantitatively assess desulfurization efficiency, considering extent, rate, and cost. The industrial wastecontaining flux showed comparable efficiency to commercially used fluxes, indicating its potential as an effective alternative. This study contributes to a better understanding of the desulfurization process and offers an environmentally friendly option for desulfurization in steelmaking.
Emergence of Bio-hydrometallurgy to Achieve Sustainable Process Development Goals in Extractive Metallurgy
Authors: Ilyas Sadia , Kim Hyunjung , Srivastava Rajiv Ranjan
Published: July 2024

The stringent environmental regulations and growing awareness of the low-carbon economy are presenting immense challenges to metallurgical operations, one of the major sectors with high emissions. Hydrometallurgy has been identified as a lower-emission technology in comparison to the high-temperature smelting and melt-refining processes. The close monitoring of traditional hydrometallurgical operations, however, does not fulfil the criteria for a sustainable, low-emission process. Recently, biotechnology has emerged as a green alternative within the hydrometallurgical domain, albeit significantly different from the basics involved in the process. Although the application of microbial activity has been successfully established in chalcopyrite leaching and bio-oxidation of gold-bearing minerals, the acceptability of bio-hydrometallurgy for other minerals and materials is still limited due to a wide research gap to connect solution chemistry, microbial activity, and extractive metallurgy. In general, a large portion of the total chemical consumption occurs in pre-treatment and/or leaching operations; hence, the primary application of microorganisms at the forefront can significantly minimize the overall consumption. Demonstrated applications in waste printed circuit boards and spent automobile catalysts have curtailed excessive acid usage, while the energy-intensive baking/roasting of monazite is successfully altered by microbial processing. Furthermore, the remarkable reduction in carbon footprints by the green biotechnology application in hydrometallurgy has been evaluated, which indicates sustainability in process metallurgy.
Tin Smelting using Carbonized Palm Kernel Shell as Reductant
Authors: Wiyono  , Dinata Fazar , Andyansyah
Published: July 2024

PT Timah Tbk has a vision to become a leading environmentally friendly mining company. To achieve this, efforts are being made to use biomass, specifically palm kernel shells, as a reductant in the smelting process, aiming to reduce carbon emissions associated with smelting. Palm kernel shells are selected due to their abundant availability in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, the operational area of PT Timah Tbk. Before being utilized in the smelting process, palm kernel shells undergo carbonization at a temperature of 400°C for 15 minutes to increase the content of fixed carbon, which plays a crucial role in tin reduction. Carbonized palm kernel shells consist of 51.4% fixed carbon, 27% volatile matter, 14.54% ash, and 7.06% inherent moisture. The smelting process using carbonized palm kernel shells takes place in a Reverberatory Furnace and serves as the initial stage of the tin smelting process. In this stage, tin concentrate is smelted to produce crude tin and slag 1, with a slag 1 assay typically ranging from 15% to 20%. After three cycles of smelting, the average formation of crude tin is 83.31%, the Sn slag assay is 18.70%, and the smelting capacity reaches 50 tons per day. These results align with the standards set for stage 1 of tin smelting at PT Timah Tbk, which traditionally uses coal as a reductant. Therefore, smelting tin with carbonized palm kernel shell as a reductant is a viable and feasible option.
Bioleaching of rare earth elements (REEs) from Indonesian red mud by the bacterium Bacillus nitratireducens strain SKC/L-2
Authors: Rus Aisyah Minzikrina Masbar , Winarko Ronny , Chaerun Siti Khodijah , Mufakhir Fika Rofiek , Astuti Widi , Minwal Wahyudin Prawira
Published: July 2024

Red mud, a residue of the bauxite industry, represents a secondary source of rare earth elements (REEs) with substantial commercial value and untapped potential. Bioleaching, an innovative, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method, offers a means of extracting valuable metals from mining wastes. This study explored the bioleaching of Indonesian red mud using Bacillus nitratireducens strain SKC/L-2 to recover REEs. The experiments were carried out over three days at 25 °C with different concentrations of red mud (1.5, 3, and 6 g/L) and a 10% v/v bacterial inoculum in a specific bioleaching medium. The findings indicated a slight reduction in REEs extraction by the bacterium as the red mud concentration increased from 1.5 to 6 g/L in the direct bioleaching process. In the experiment using 1.5 g/L red mud, 16 REEs were successfully extracted, with high extraction levels for specific elements such as Lu (92.0%), Tb (80.61%), and Gd (67.42%). However, when the red mud concentration was increased to 6 g/L, the survival potential of Bacillus nitratireducens strain SKC/L-2 decreased, leading to reduced recovery of elements such as Lu (76.80%), Tb (70.30%), and Gd (55.83%). The study reveals the behaviour of Bacillus nitratireducens in interacting with red mud and enduring high alkalinity, resulting in REEs extraction. These findings enhance the understanding of microbial interactions with red mud and provide insights into potential resource recovery applications.
Analysis of Platinum (Pt) Ion Biosorption Performance Using Chitosan
Authors: Ardian Fahny , Putra Infantri , Wonua Karla Jeclin , Pintowantoro Sungging , Setiyorini Yuli , Paramyta Rizky
Published: July 2024

Platinum Group Metal has a continuous increase in demand. The demand for platinum is divided into four segments: automotive, jewelry, industry, and investment. However, the availability of PGM is limited, resulting in the potential scarcity of the metal and the necessity for developing more effective and environmentally friendly methods. Biosorption serves as an alternative method for capturing metal ions using biological materials. Biosorption is chosen due to its low operational costs, environmentally friendly, and utilization of abundant natural biomaterials. This study aims to analyze the influence of chitosan concentration and adsorbent surface area on the biosorption process of Pt metal from H2PtCl6 solution. The biosorption method utilizes chitosan membranes produced by mixing chitosan with PVA and using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker to stabilize chitosan in solution. The research involves testing using UV-VIS, SEM-EDX, and FTIR techniques to analyze the concentration of adsorbed Pt metal, morphology, and functional groups on the membrane. The results indicate that chitosan is an effective adsorbent for absorbing Pt metal ions, particularly in the CS/PVA adsorbent with a surface area of 352 mm2 and a chitosan concentration ratio of 2 gram, resulting in percentage adsorption of 47.948%.
Effect of Alloying Compositions on the Stacking Fault Energy and Elasticity of FeNiCrAlCo and FeNiCrAlCu: A First-principles Study for Fe-based High Entropy Superalloy Design
Authors: Nugraha Farhan , Aulia Muhammad Fariz , Achmad Tria Laksana
Published: July 2024

High Entropy Superalloy (HESA) is a classification of materials with promising properties extensively developed to improve performance, resource sustainability, and cost efficiency in high-temperature applications. The need for computation on HESA is due to its time and cost superiority over experiments while maintaining good accuracy. However, thermodynamic data of some rare elements like Zr has not existed in publications based on a phase diagram calculation. First-principles is then used to investigate further the effect of decreasing Ni while adding Cu and Zr on lattice parameters, elasticity, stacking fault energy (SFE), and electronic structure of Fe-based HESA FeNiCrAlCo and FeNiCrAlCu. Adding Cu increases the SFE and ductility while decreasing Ni and adding Zr decreases the SFE and increases the strength but slightly reduces the ductility. Electronic structure analysis showed that adding Zr increases charge accumulation and decreases density of states, then interatomic bonding weakened, interlayer distance increased, and SFE decreased. The Fe-based HESA design can be optimized by reducing Ni concentration and increasing Cr concentration to decrease SFE to significantly increase strength, ductility, and hardness, especially at high temperatures, or adding Zr to decrease SFE value to the maximum. This study will help develop low-cost high entropy superalloys with desired performance.
Enhanced dielectric properties of Sr2+ and Zr4+ doped BaTiO3 colossal permittivity metamaterials
Authors: Tang Qingyang , Shi Zhicheng , Xia Shuimiao , Bie Xiaohan , Yang Yujie , Bian Dedong , Xu Daofeng , Fan Runhua
Published: July 2024

BaTiO3, as one of the most important functional materials of perovskite structure, is widely used in the electronic industry. However, the dielectric permittivity of BaTiO3 remains relatively low, which greatly limits its practical application in metamaterials with colossal dielectric permittivity. In this work, (Ba100−xSrx)(Ti100−yZry)O3 composite ceramics are fabricated via the solid sintering method. Surprisingly, the dielectric properties of (Ba100−xSrx)(Ti100−yZry)O3 composite ceramic materials are strongly dependent on the occupancy of Sr2+ and Zr4+ at the A-sites and B-sites, respectively. Consequently, via adjusting the doping amount of SrTiO3 and BaZrO3, a greatly enhanced dielectric permittivity of 28287 (65 °C, 1 kHz), along with a high breakdown strength of 84.47 kV/cm is achieved in (Ba90Sr10)(Ti90Zr10)O3 composite ceramics, which are 2144% and 13 % higher than those of (Ba99Sr1)(Ti99Zr1)O3 composite ceramics, respectively. Moreover, the reasons for the significant increase in dielectric permittivity are identified through finite element simulations, and the breakdown mechanism of composite ceramic materials is explored. This work provides a facile approach to constructing high dielectric permittivity composite ceramics, the (Ba100−xSrx)(Ti100−yZry)O3 composite ceramics have broad application prospects in electronics and electrostatic energy storage capacitors.
Evaluating The Influence of Fines on the Characteristics of Pervious Concrete
Authors: Sruthi Reddy Bijivemula , Sumetha R.
Published: July 2024

Pervious concrete, also known as no-fines, gap-graded or porous concrete has an interconnected pore structure that freely allows the passage of water to flow through, thereby draining all or most of the water falling on its surface. This concrete can be used as paving material to reduce the storm water runoff to the drainage system and minimize water logging problems. In general, the porosity is achieved by omitting fine aggregate completely. But this results in a low strength concrete which cannot be used for most pavement applications. In this study, pervious concrete mixes have been formulated with a limited quantity of fines (10% and 20%) and the strength and permeability properties have been investigated for various types of fines (quarry dust, river sand and M-sand). While the strength of pervious concrete is increased considerably by adding fines to them, the permeability of the samples remains within the required range of 0.5 to 40mm/s. It has been observed that the addition of different types of fines had great influence in strength and permeability. The compressive strength increases with increase in fine content. Also, it is found that the compressive strength of cube with Quarry dust gives more strength compared to other fines.
Reuse of Waste Materials in Geotechnical Practice
Authors: Valliappan Vinot , Vijayasimhan Sivapriya
Published: July 2024

Waste material is an inevitable outcome of most human and industrial activities, lacking enduring value. A significant amount of waste is being generated from various sources such as industrial and domestic activities, driven by population growth and economic expansion. To address these challenges, methods like re-use and recycling are crucial in mitigating the adverse impacts of waste by reducing landfill deposition. Recycling not only helps in conserving natural resources but also diminishes energy consumption. Recently, there has been increasing interest in re-using waste materials as substitutes in geotechnical and geo-environmental applications. For the efficient utilization of waste, it is essential to systematically understand its characterization, various technical aspects, and environmental implications, along with their interrelationships. This study aims to explore the potential of using different by-products and waste materials such as fly ash, shredded waste tires, and recycled concrete aggregates as geomaterials. By doing so, it endeavours to contribute to sustainable practices in geotechnical engineering. Overall, the re-use of waste materials constitutes a significant area of research aimed at fostering sustainability in geotechnical engineering practices.
Investigation and Comparative Assessment of Surface Water Quality for Drinking Purposes by Using Relief Algorithm, GIS, and Machine Learning: A Case Study of Mahanadi River Basin, Odisha (India)
Authors: Das Abhijeet
Published: July 2024

Surface water is the best source of drinking water available. However, climate change, over-pumping, and a variety of contaminants have all led to the depletion of this valuable resource. Conducting surface water quality assessments for home usage, especially drinking water, is essential to safeguarding human health and effectively managing resources. In this study, this work has highlighted an evaluation of surface water quality of river Mahanadi, Odisha, for drinking purposes using Relief Algorithm (RA) based WQI (RA-WQI), with reliability-based MLs (Machine Learning) such as Weight of Evidence (WOE) have been employed. For this, water samples from 19 locations were taken for a period of 2018-2023, to test 20 physicochemical parameters in the selected sampling sites. The findings indicated that although pH changes, the water is alkaline and its value spanned from 7.73 to 7.9. The concentration of coliform and TKN is found to be higher at all locations. The highest levels of Cl- and SO42- are located close to the downstream area. Based on the results, anions and cations are observing a shift in the trend, i.e., Fe2+ > B+ and Cl- > SO42- > NO3- > F- respectively, throughout the occupied duration. Further, the calculated RAWQI revealed that 63.16% belong to poor water quality while 31.57% of sites come under the zone of excellent water. However, 5.26% of samples indicated an unsuitable water class. The analysis primarily revealed that at 8 samples, the main cause could be deterioration of domestic water, illegally dumped municipal solid waste, and agricultural runoff were the leading sources causing adulteration of the river’s water quality. As a result, a renowned ML models, such as WOE, were adopted and it suggests location SP-(9) was the most polluted in comparison with other locations, followed by SP-(8), (19), and (2) respectively. Following this, the analytic findings also suggests from the highest RA-WQI values that consists of 488, 243, 277 and 285 at this location. However, it was relevant that the degree of pollution at these stations was more closely linked to a wide range of expanding human activities, such as excessive water use, fertilizer effects, agricultural runoff, and industrial activity in and around the river corridor. According to the drinking water quality indices, the surface water in the area under investigation is classified as suitable for human consumption. Thus, the results illuminate the preservation and distribution of drinkable and irrigable surface water supplies, and provide decision-makers with a valuable resource for implementing successful surface water protection strategies in the area under study.
The Eigenvalue Properties of a Kind of Singular Differential Equations in 3-Dimensional Space
Authors: GU Mengze , GHADIR Shokor
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we consider the eigenvalue problem of the singular differential equation [see formula in PDF] in a bounded open ball with Dirichlet boundary condition in 3-dimensional space, where, [see formula in PDF][see formula in PDF], [see formula in PDF] is a given constant[see formula in PDF]. And we have made a detailed characterization of the weak solution space. Furthermore, the existence of the minimum eigenvalue and the fundamental gap are provided.
Therapie des kongenitalen ulnaren Impingement-Syndroms durch
dekomprimierende Korrekturosteotomie des distalen Radius – klinische
Ergebnisse
Authors: Machac Petr , Schandl René , Wolters Roman , Krimmer Hermann
Published: July 2024

Hintergrund 2016 wurde die dekomprimierende Radiuskorrekturosteotomie zur
Behandlung des schmerzhaften Impingement-Syndroms des distalen Radioulnaren
Gelenks (DRUG) erstmals beschrieben. Die Vorstellung der betroffenen Patienten
erfolgt wegen belastungsabhängigen Schmerzen im DRUG, wobei bei der klinischen
Untersuchung ein positiver Kompressionstest im DRUG richtungsweisend ist. Die
Diagnose wird durch den radiologischen Nachweis einer Ulna minus-Varianz mit
Deformierung der Incisura ulnaris bestätigt. Genese dieser Inkongruenz im DRUG
kann entweder kongenital, posttraumatisch oder iatrogen sein. Durch die
Radiuskorrektur wird ein Remodelling im DRUG erreicht und gleichzeitig
resultiert durch Entspannung der distalen Membrana interossea (DIOM) eine
Druckreduktion. Diese Studie widmet sich der Auswertung der bisher
durchgeführten Operationen in unserem Zentrum bei ausschließlich kongenitaler
Ursache.

Patienten und Methoden Die Verbesserung der Kongruenz der Gelenkflächen
des DRUG wird durch Radiusverkürzung und Änderung der Neigung der Sigmoid notch
mittels closed wedge Osteotomie erzielt. Die Entspannung der Membrana interossea
erfolgt durch ulnare Translation des Radiusschaftes. Das Patientengut beinhaltet
nur Patientinnen und Patienten mit angeborener Inkongruenz im DRUG. Zur
Auswertung der Ergebnisse benutzten wir die visuelle Analogskala (VAS), prä- und
postoperative Messung des Bewegungsumfanges (ROM) in der sagittalen und
transversalen Ebene, Kraftmessung und den Wrist Score nach Krimmer.

Ergebnisse Im Verlauf von 11 Jahren fanden 45 Operationen an 38 Patienten
mit unserer Methode statt, davon bei 17 auf der rechten, bei 14 auf der linken
Seite und 7 Patienten operierten wir bilateral. Bei radiologisch bilateral
nachgewiesener Inkongruenz wurde nur die symptomatische Seite operiert. Die
statistische Evaluation zeigte in der VAS postoperativ eine signifikante
Schmerzlinderung von 7,2 auf 2 (p<0,001). Durch die Osteotomie wurde keine
signifikante Änderung des Bewegungsausmaßes verursacht (p=0,812). Der Wrist
Score nach Krimmer erbrachte in fast 90% der Fälle ein gutes bis sehr gutes
Ergebnis.

Schlussfolgerung Bei korrekter Indikationsstellung und Operationstechnik
führt diese Methode zur Verbesserung der Funktionalität und Lebensqualität der
Patienten. Der präventive Aspekt mit Vermeidung degenerativer Prozesse bleibt
weiteren Studien vorbehalten. Diese Operation gilt als sichere Methode und lässt
den Weg für alternative Maßnahmen offen.
Reassembling the Field-based Applicability of the Lactate Threshold
for Old Age
Authors: Garcia-Tabar Ibai , Ruiz-Rios Maitane , Martinez-Labari Cristina , Maldonado-Martin Sara , Murias Juan Manuel , Gorostiaga Esteban M.
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate the applicability of the Lactate Threshold (LT)
to predict maximal oxygen uptake (˙VO2max) and demarcate the boundary
between the moderate- to heavy-intensity domain (HRm-h)
in old age in comparison to the most utilized methods. A cross-sectional
validation study was conducted. Participants aged 61 to 77 performed a
familiarization procedure, an incremental maximal exercise treadmill test (CPX)
for ˙VO2max determination, the Six-minute Walk Test (6MWT),
and a discontinuous incremental field test for LT determination. Lower
(P<0.01) internal effort was required for LT testing (76±8%HRmax)
compared to 6MWT (92±9%HRmax). The application of the 6MWT reference
equations overestimated ˙VO2max by 10–23%. LTs better estimated the
˙VO2max (r ≈0.90, SEE: ≈3.0] compared to the 6MWT (r=0.68,
SEE=5.5). HRm-h determined by the CPX differed (20%; P=0.001) from
that obtained by LT. HRm-h stratification indicated participants fall
into the very light to the vigorous intensity domains. LT testing
is more submaximal than the 6MWT, and is a valuable tool to estimate the
˙VO2max in older male adults. Implementation of LT testing in
physical activity programs might help improving the quality of aerobic exercise
training in older men.
Intrajejunale L-Dopa-Applikation bei der Parkinson-Krankheit:
Optimierung der PEG-Anlage
Authors: Grund Karl-Ernst , Zipfel Annette , Jost Wolfgang H.
Published: July 2024

Die verschiedenen Formen der perkutanen endoskopischen Gastrostomie (PEG) haben
auch in der Neurologie eine hohe Relevanz, da die pumpengesteuerte intrajejunale
L-Dopa-Gabe zu den unverzichtbaren Therapieformen bei der fortgeschrittenen
Parkinsonerkrankung gehört. Eine optimale PEG-Anlage und Nachsorge sind daher
bedeutsam für den Erfolg der Therapie. Die als Standard geltende intrajejunale
Applikation von L-Dopa-Gel über eine JET-PEG, d.h. eine PEG mit eingelegtem
Innenkatheter bis ins Jejunum, ist allerdings aus verschiedenen Gründen nicht
unproblematisch. Insbesondere die zum Teil erheblichen kumulierten
Komplikationsraten zwingen zum Überdenken der Situation. Zu berücksichtigen ist
auch das sehr begrenzte Resorptionsgebiet des Medikamentes im Bereich der
Flexura duodenojejunalis. Komplikationsursachen sind überwiegend eine nicht
optimale Anlegetechnik von PEG und Innenkatheter sowie die oft fehlende adäquate
Nachsorge.Im Folgenden werden die Details einer gegenüber der konventionellen
Technik modifizierten und optimierten Applikationstechnik dargestellt, die sich
in klinischen Anwendungen seit Jahren bewährt hat, sowie zusätzlich eine neue
Applikationsform, die Hybrid-PEG, vorgestellt. Viele der aus
anatomisch/physiologischen, chirurgischen und endoskopischen Gesichtspunkten
abgeleiteten Details müssen bei der Anlage strikt beachtet werden, um Minor- und
Major-Komplikationen zu reduzieren bzw. zu vermeiden. Besondere Probleme
bereiten Lokalinfektionen im Bereich der Durchtrittsstelle der PEG bis hin zur
Peritonitis, Leckagen und das Buried-Bumper-Syndrom (BBS). Als besonders störend
erweisen sich auch die relativ häufigen Dislokationen des Innenkatheters, was
letztlich durch eine Clip-Fixation der Katheterspitze vermieden werden
kann.Insbesondere durch Anwendung der Hybrid-PEG, einer Kombination von
endoskopisch kontrollierter Gastropexie mit drei Nähten und folgender zentraler
Fadendurchzugstechnik (FDZ) der PEG-Sonde, lässt sich die Komplikationsrate
deutlich senken und damit für die Patienten eine entscheidende Verbesserung
erzielen. Die hier diskutierten Gesichtspunkte sind für alle diejenigen, die mit
der Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Parkinson-Krankheit zu tun haben, von hoher
Relevanz. Eine vertrauensvolle interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen
Neurologie und Endoskopie/Chirurgie/Gastroenterologie ist eine Voraussetzung für
gute klinische Ergebnisse.
Efficient Flow Synthesis of Glycidyl Ether Using BuSnCl3 as a Mild Lewis Acid
Authors: Fukuyama Takahide , Kasakado Takayoshi , Nakamura Masahito , Nishizawa Akihiro , Hosomi Tetsuya , Ryu Ilhyong
Published: July 2024

A ring-opening protocol of epichlorohydrin with 2-ethylhexanol was investigated for the synthesis of the corresponding chlorohydrin ether. BuSnCl3 proved to be an efficient mild Lewis acid catalyst, yielding the product with high selectivity. A scalable flow synthesis was achieved by modifying the flow setup. The flow synthesis of the corresponding glycidyl ether from the chlorohydrin ether was also carried out in an efficient manner by using the basic treatment.
Venous Hemorrhagic Infarct Leading to Delayed Brain Abscess Formation: A Case Report
Authors: Warade Anshu , Khandhar Alay V. , Sankhla Charulata , Desai Ketan I.
Published: July 2024

Venous sinus thrombosis is a common neurovascular problem with multifactorial etiology, infection being one of the common causes. Cerebral abscess causing thrombophlebitis and venous sinus occlusion is a known entity. In contrast, venous hemorrhagic infarct leading to abscess formation is extremely uncommon. We report a rare case of such delayed abscess formation in a venous hemorrhagic infarct secondary to superior sagittal sinus occlusion.
Minimally Invasive Management of Postoperative Complications in Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Schroeder Anastasia , White Sarah B. , Tremblay Kaila Redifer
Published: July 2024

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare, aggressive biliary tract malignancy representing only 3% of digestive cancers worldwide. Late diagnosis is common, which results in less than one-third of patients being eligible for surgical resection or liver transplantation. Surgery, however, is not without associated morbidity and mortality. This article seeks to review minimally invasive techniques for the management of complications following liver transplantation and hepatic resection for patients with cholangiocarcinoma.
Transient heating of Pd nanoparticles studied by x-ray diffraction with time of arrival photon detection
Authors: Chung Simon , Vonk Vedran , Pennicard David , Graafsma Heinz , Stierle Andreas
Published: July 2024

Pulsed laser heating of an ensemble of Pd nanoparticles, supported by a MgO substrate, is studied by x-ray diffraction. By time-resolved Bragg peak shift measurements due to thermal lattice expansion, the transient temperature of the Pd nanoparticles is determined, which quickly rises by at least 100 K upon laser excitation and then decays within 90 ns. The diffraction experiments were carried out using a Cu x-ray tube, giving continuous radiation, and the hybrid pixel detector Timepix3 operating with single photon counting in a time-of-arrival mode. This type of detection scheme does not require time-consuming scanning of the pump-probe delay. The experimental time resolution is estimated at 15 ± 5 ns, which is very close to the detector's limit and matches with the 7 ns laser pulse duration. Compared to bulk metal single crystals, it is discussed that the maximum temperature reached by the Pd nanoparticles is higher and their cooling rate is lower. These effects are explained by the oxide support having a lower heat conductivity.