bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Media and Neoliberal Ageism: Skincare TikTok and AI “Aged Filter”
Authors: Charvát Martin , Fikejzová Michaela
Published: January 2025

This paper examines how the AI aged filter on TikTok perpetuates neoliberal ageism by promoting individual responsibility for maintaining a youthful appearance through scientific-sounding discourse. Analysing 300 TikTok videos related to SkinTok, where dermatologists, influencers, and ordinary users engage in skincare discussions, this study identifies three discourse nodal points: fear of ageing, a moral aversion to looking “old”, and the scientification of skincare discourse. The use of the AI aged filter reinforces a postfeminist, neoliberal narrative that positions youth as a laborious ideal achieved through diligent self-care and anti-ageing products. By framing ageing as a problem, the filter aligns with traditional cosmetics marketing techniques, advancing commodified “solutions” to an increasingly technologised representation of age, strengthening the underlying mediatised technomyth of youth. This study highlights how these dynamics make ageism pervasive in contemporary online media content, reinforcing societal pressures that compel individuals, particularly women, to engage in relentless self-surveillance and corrective practices to “age successfully”.
Social Media as the Main Communication Platform of Private Schools in the Era of AI
Authors: Javořík Denis , Marcin Tomáš
Published: January 2025

Schools and educational institutions in a choice-based system must inevitably operate based on market mechanisms. Their goal is to convince potential applicants that they, as institutions, meet their requirements for quality education. Therefore, it is essential for these institutions to communicate about themselves and their activities. Social media has become one of the main channels for marketing communication in educational institutions, as it offers an easy and accessible alternative for effectively targeting potential students and their parents. The main aim of this study was to investigate the social media presence of private kindergartens in Slovakia, particularly their use of Instagram and Facebook, and to evaluate the impact of different social media formats on engagement metrics such as likes and comments. In our quantitative research, we analysed 228 private kindergartens and their profiles on Facebook and Instagram. Our study revealed that visual content had the highest impact on engagement, while video content and textual posts also demonstrated positive relationships with engagement. Facebook remains the dominant platform for Slovak kindergartens, which is used by 67.1% of the sample.
Ethical Implications of AI-Generated Political Reels
Authors: Javořík Denis
Published: January 2025

With social media now serving as one of the main platforms for political discourse, AI has become a powerful tool that enables content creators to produce engaging, emotionally charged media that may blur the lines between what is fact and fiction. This study explores the ethical implications of AI-generated political satire, specifically through the use of AI in creating political reels on Instagram. The research focuses on the profile zltunke, a satirical political account that leverages AI to create humorous political content. The study uses quantitative content analysis to assess the performance of AI-generated political content and its effects on follower growth and interaction. The results show that AI-generated posts accounted for 83% of the profile’s content during the two-month research period, with a noticeable increase in follower growth and significant spikes in engagement linked to AI generated content. While the results indicate the success of AI-generated satire, audience comments revealed minimal concern regarding the ethics of AI usage in political satire. This study highlights how generative AI can shape political communication, especially in terms of satire, by engaging users in a highly emotional and entertaining manner. It also raises critical ethical questions about the potential for disinformation, manipulation, and bias in AI-generated political content. While AI provides a valuable tool for content creators, the study suggests that a lack of social media literacy among users may lead to uncritical acceptance of AI-generated content, posing significant challenges for ethical standards in political communication.
Chatbots and Customer Service: AI as a Key Tool for Customer Interaction
Authors: Murár Peter , Piatrov Igor
Published: January 2025

The democratisation of AI chatbot technology is transforming the manner in which organisations engage with customers and market their products. This paper examines the historical development of chatbots, tracing their origins in the mid-20th century to their current applications utilising large language models (LLM), natural language processing (NLP), and machine learning (ML). Particular emphasis is placed on no-code and low-code platforms, which facilitate the creation and training of bespoke chatbots for users without technical expertise. These tools represent a significant step in democratising technological innovation, lowering barriers to entry for companies of all sizes. Furthermore, the article emphasises the advantages of AI chatbots for personalising communications, lead generation and customer data collection. However, it also identifies potential limitations, including restricted flexibility, scaling issues and data protection concerns. The findings indicate that AI chatbots are not merely a technological advancement, but a pivotal component of a new era of marketing communications, where accessibility and efficiency are becoming paramount. The future of this technology will depend on the capacity of companies to adapt its capabilities to evolving customer expectations and market dynamics.
Does Digital Marketing Influence Customer Purchasing Decisions in the Area of CSR?
Authors: Osúchová Kristína , Kádeková Zdenka , Košičiarová Ingrida , Mateášiková Adriana
Published: January 2025

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) plays a vital role in corporate profits, corporate reputation, and consumer attitudes. Current issues related to corporate social responsibility and digital marketing are some of the most emerging topics. In this way, this study focused on the impact of digital marketing on consumer perception of CSR activities and examined the differences between different generational groups. This engagement helps companies improve customer relationships by reducing acquisition costs while increasing the trust and loyalty of their consumers. The paper also states that perceived CSR activities of food companies increase social value and encourage consumers to adopt sustainable behaviour and change purchasing behaviour. At the threshold of the 3rd millennium, social responsibility is also associated with rationality and irrationality in creating preferences in consumer purchasing behaviour. To achieve the goal, we used a quantitative method of data collection, where a questionnaire survey was used, in which a total of 808 respondents of Generation X, Y, and Z took part. The Pearson Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney Test were used to evaluate the obtained primary data. However, the study is limited to the geographical borders of Slovakia; thus, it has some scope for future research in CSR and the practice of food businesses.
Psychotherapy: Home vs. Digital Games or Home&Digital Games&AI
Authors: Hudíková Zora
Published: January 2025

Society in the 21st century has greatly accelerated all activities and modes of communication, changed cultural values, and created strong pressure on the individual by the obligation to adapt to it. The consequence is an increase in psychological disorders, even in the younger generation. Social media have contributed significantly to this. In the online global village, content with dubious appeals, messages and values, also created by AI, are spreading unrestrictedly. Children in particular are at risk, unable to judge them critically. However, the threats and pressures must be faced by all. This is why the topic of non-stigmatised use of psychotherapeutic services and targeted mental health care is a topic of contemporary social discourse. Various techniques are used in therapy in their older and modern forms, e.g. processed into digital games. The release in play, its variety, spontaneity, entertaining nature and developmental potential, bring further possibilities to psychotherapy in this way. The aim of this study is, for the time being, to highlight the possibilities of using digital games in psychotherapy. We will conduct both quantitative and qualitative research - using methods of logical analysis, relying mainly on analysis, synthesis comparison and generalisation.
Sztuczna inteligencja w ochronie ludności w Polsce – możliwości i perspektywy wykorzystania
Authors: Krasiński Wojciech
Published: January 2025

W artykule omówiono możliwości i perspektywy wykorzystania sztucznej inteligencji w ochronie ludności w Polsce. Odniesiono się do istoty ochrony ludności w Polsce. Przedstawiono możliwości sztucznej inteligencji w rozwiązywaniu problemów w ochronie ludności skupiając się przede wszystkim na racjonalności działania, analizie danych i możliwości podejmowania na tej podstawie skutecznych decyzji. W dalszych treściach artykułu opisano pierwsze doświadczenia, które można wykorzystać i perspektywy w tym zakresie. W podsumowaniu zwrócono uwagę na możliwości, które otwierają się dla wykorzystania sztucznej inteligencji w ochronie ludności w Polsce.
Etyczne dylematy odpowiedzialności za działanie systemów sztucznej inteligencji na wojnie
Authors: Tołwiński Maciej
Published: January 2025

W artykule przeanalizowano kluczowe dylematy etyczne związane z zastosowaniem systemów sztucznej inteligencji (AI) w nowoczesnych konfliktach zbrojnych. W ostatnich latach AI zyskała na znaczeniu w sektorze militarnym, obejmując takie technologie, jak autonomiczne drony bojowe, systemy analizy danych wywiadowczych oraz symulacje bitewne. Wprowadzenie tych nowoczesnych technologii niesie ze sobą znaczące wyzwania etyczne, w tym odpowiedzialność za decyzje podejmowane przez autonomiczne systemy, ryzyko błędów i niewłaściwego użycia, zgodność z międzynarodowym prawem humanitarnym oraz potencjalne ryzyko eskalacji konfliktów. Artykuł przedstawia analizę tych problemów, proponuje praktyczne rekomendacje mające na celu minimalizację ryzyk oraz wskazuje obszary wymagające dalszych badań. Potwierdzono hipotezę, że użycie AI w wojsku wprowadza istotne dylematy etyczne, wymagające nowych ram regulacyjnych oraz zgodności z międzynarodowym prawem humanitarnym.
Metody zapobiegania zagrożeniom bezpieczeństwa osób w transporcie kolejowym
Authors: Kowalczyk Dominik
Published: January 2025

Bezpieczeństwo pasażerów korzystających z usług kolei jest priorytetem dla firm zajmujących się przewozem ludzi i towarów. Zagrożenia dla osób w transporcie kolejowym mogą przybierać różne formy, od przestępstw popełnianych przez innych ludzi do wypadków spowodowanych błędem technologicznym czy zjawiskami atmosferycznymi. W obliczu tych wyzwań skuteczne metody zapobiegania zagrożeniom stają się niezbędnym elementem strategii zarządzania bezpieczeństwem. W niniejszym artykule zostały omówione różnorodne metody, których wdrożenie może poprawić bezpieczeństwo osób w transporcie kolejowym.
Gra polityczna a bezpieczeństwo społeczne
Authors: Trzpil Aldona Izabela
Published: January 2025

Bezpieczeństwo społeczne jest podstawą dobrze funkcjonującego państwa i społeczeństwa. Może ono zostać zaburzone, jeśli obywatele poddadzą się oddziaływaniom polityków, których celem jest zdobycie i utrzymanie władzy za wszelką cenę, czyli w oparciu o łamanie zasad demokracji i konfliktowanie społeczeństwa. Często odbywa się to kosztem jakości życia społecznego. Bywa wówczas tak, że państwo jako całość ponosi również koszty związane z utratą prestiżu i pozycji na arenie międzynarodowej. Bezpieczeństwo społeczne, jako baza dla rozwoju państwa i społeczeństwa, może ulec zachwianiu pod wpływem stosowanej przez polityków gry politycznej w postaci socjotechniki dezintegracji. Socjotechnika dezintegracji nastawiona jest na zaspokajanie interesów tylko pewnej grupy polityków. Realizowana jest ona w oparciu o podsycanie konfliktów społecznych poprzez uruchamianie resentymentów, urazów, rywalizacji i zawiści między ludźmi. Jest to metoda rozgrywania społeczeństwa po-przez kreowanie wrogości wobec oponentów politycznych. Ten rodzaj gry politycznej prowadzony jest za pomocą kłamstw, dyskredytacji, manipulacji, twardej propagandy i populizmu, a nawet trybalizmu i retropii. Stosowanie tego rodzaju gry jest z pozoru metodą bardziej skuteczną, jeśli chodzi o zdobywanie władzy. Pociąga za sobą jednak bardzo niszczące i długofalowe skutki społeczne, takie jak, między innymi, niechęć obywateli do aktywności społecznej i zaburzenie bezpieczeństwa społecznego.
The stability of the regime in Russia and international security
Authors: Jarnicki Damian
Published: January 2025

The security of a state, especially a modern one, is a complex composition of national values and ambitions, as well as the development of instruments and potentials of the state to achieve the goals resulting from the social contract, which position the state as an entity of the international community with a specific profile and mode of functioning. A unique category of subjectivity and existence in the international arena is the functioning of states with an authoritarian and revisionist profile, as is contemporary Russia. This article analyzes the formula of Russian security policy, which consists of foreign and domestic policy, from which the author tries to isolate specific dependencies and consequences that result from the level of stability of the Russian regime, for global security. This is a legitimate problematic situation for several reasons. Firstly, the contemporary international security arena is looking for a formula to stabilize the unstable order, secondly, Russia remains a very active and insubordinate state in the contemporary global architecture, and thirdly, strategic concerns are raised by visions of Russia both as a failed state and as a totalitarian agent.
Bezpieczeństwo konwoju osób osadzonych w jednostkach penitencjarnych w Polsce
Authors: Waloch Zuzanna
Published: January 2025

Der Strafvollzugsdienst ist die drittgrößte uniformierte Formation in in Polen, ist für die Überwachung und Kontrolle der Häftlinge und die Gewährleistung der Sicherheit in Gefängnissen und Untersuchungsgefängnissen. Zu den Aufgaben der SW-Beamten gehört nicht nur die "Bewachung" von Häftlingen auf dem Gelände der Strafvollzugsanstalt, sondern auch die Durchführung von "externen" Transporten mit Häftlingen zu Orten wie Gerichten, Behandlungszentren und Arbeitsplätzen. Der Transport von Gefangenen ist ein Schlüsselelement des Strafvollzugs und erfordert ein hohes Maß an Organisation, geeignete technische Mittel und geschultes Personal. Jeder dieser Transporte, oft mit gefährlichen Häftlingen, außerhalb der Gefängnismauern birgt ein hohes Risiko, so dass der Verlauf des Konvois sorgfältig geplant wird, um die Sicherheit sowohl der Häftlinge als auch der Öffentlichkeit zu gewährleisten. In dieser Veröffentlichung werden die Regeln und Verfahren für Gefangenentransporte in Polen vorgestellt und die wichtigsten Aspekte im Zusammenhang mit der Sicherheit dieses Prozesses erörtert.
DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF RE-COMMERCE IN POLAND AND UKRAINE
Authors: Demianiuk Regina , Levytska Svitlana
Published: January 2025

There is a growing interest in e-commerce channel among buyers and sellers in Poland and Ukraine. The aim of this article is to present the essence of reverse e-commerce and ensure better understanding of its development perspective in both Polish and Ukrainian electronic commerce. In Poland the development of reverse commerce is reflected in customer shopping behaviour and most transactions take place online. In Ukraine, we can see a growing interest in pre-owned trade on the Internet, as sellers and buyers discern the potential of online re-commerce essence in providing savings as well as additional income. As the entire e-commerce sector recovers to pre-martial law level in 2022 and continues to develop, the share of reverse commerce in online sales will be increasing. Electronic commerce in secondary circulation may be a good reaction to geopolitical, economic, social and ecological challenges, both in Poland and Ukraine. Re-commerce practices are beneficial for buyers, for the planet, future generations as well as for sellers. It is worth to implement them on a larger scale in the activities of economic entities on both sides of the border.
Spectral Clustering Versus Watanabe Theorem
Authors: Kłopotek Mieczysław A.
Published: January 2025

We devote this paper to a special case of Graph Spectral Clustering of graphs with identical distances between nodes. This study is motivated by the special theorem presented by Watanabe which claims that given all derivable attributes are taken into account, all distinct objects are at the same distance. As the multi-view clustering becomes popular, the mentioned Watanabe theorem may imply serious problems for recovering the intrinsic structure of the collection of objects. We show that Graph Spectral Clustering should not be affected in the most favourable case that is block structure of similarity matrix in theory, but in practice the underlying k-means algorithm introduces up to 20% error rate in assignment of elements to clusters.
Comparative Analisis of Digital Filters for Proper Positioning of User Mobile Device Using BLE Transmitters and Multilateration Technique
Authors: Mikułowski Dariusz , Żochowski Tomasz
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, traveling without systems supporting navigation and guidance to the destination is hard for us to imagine. The outdoor positioning techniques used in these solutions have been mastered mainly by global positioning systems. However, assisting the navigation of users inside large public buildings still needs to be improved. It matters even more for persons with special needs, such as visually impaired, seniors, or people in wheelchairs. Determining the correct position of the user inside the complex space of a multi-floor building is a big challenge for such persons. Several methods can help in this matter. For example, technologies such as RFID, WIFI networks, image recognition, or lidar are used. However, the best solution to this problem is using infrastructures of low energy transmitters (BLE), called beacons. Then, construct an appropriate map to determine the user’s position to help guide the user to a destination. Nevertheless, to designate such a position, we need to know each transmitter’s signal strength and coordinates. Because of the physical properties of radio waves, the data collected from such transmitters are often inaccurate. This paper compares two methods, the Kalman filter and particle filter, to improve the quality of signal strength data received from BLE transmitters. As a result, the recommendation of the Kalman filter as the best method to improve the quality of these data and use it in the developed applications supporting indoor navigation in large buildings is provided.
TIME AND SPACE STRUCTURE OF ISRA' MI'RAJ IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF TAFSIR, RELATIVITY THEORY AND ANNIHILATION THEORY
Authors: Sabella Dina , Saleh Fauzan , Rahmawati Emma
Published: January 2025

The first verse of Surah Al-Isra‘ reveals the most improbable event in prophetic history that is most difficult for the mind to understand and accept, namely the Isra’ and Mi'raj events of Prophet Muhammad SAW. Traditional transportation at that time did not allow for traveling to and from the Grand Mosque in Makkah and the Aqsa Mosque in Palestine, which is about 1,500 km away. However, how do the Mufasir and the viewpoint of science (which prioritizes logic) view this event? This research method uses a qualitative approach, with the type of literature study research. Data collection techniques include literature searches from books, scientific articles, and other relevant sources that discuss Isra' Mi'raj according to Al-Razi's opinion in Tafsir Mafatih al-Ghayb and Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity and Annihilation. The data analysis was carried out using content analysis techniques, in which researchers identified the main topics that emerged from the collected sources. This research found that Allah SWT made the Isra' Mi'raj event of Prophet Muhammad SAW and was not bound by time and space in order to reach Sidratul Muntaha. Isra' Mi'raj emphasizes faith reasoning more. Isra' Mi'raj only happened once in history, and this is a miracle given to the Prophet Muhammad SAW from what was impossible to be possible because Allah's power is limitless.
PREDATORY PRICING PRACTICES IN TIKTOK SHOP IN THE STUDY OF ISLAMIC LAW
Authors: Lisani Anti Anfaul , Alfani Moch. Farich
Published: January 2025

Predatory pricing is another term for the practice of setting extremely low prices with the aim of forcing competitors out of business or forcing them to close their doors because they can no longer compete. Techniques such as cutting prices well below market prices to attract a large number of customers, but eventually, prices return to normal. This study examines how predatory pricing is viewed under Islamic law. This research consists of a literature study, which involves looking at resources related to the research subject, and library research, which involves surveying library materials to collect data using documentation procedures. The fundamental ideals and guiding concepts of Islamic business ethics, Tazkiyah, Khilafah, tauhid, and Ihsan, have been applied to the analysis process. Therefore, buying and selling in a manner that deviates from these guidelines is contrary to Islamic economics, mashlahah al-ummah, ethical theory, and Maqashid Sharia and fails to fulfil the intended objectives of economic law.
ISLAM NUSANTARA: KEANEKARAGAMAN BUDAYA DAN TRADISI
Authors: Ansari Ansari
Published: January 2025

The diversity of cultures and traditions in the archipelago is closely related to Islam in the archipelago. This research discusses how Islam Nusantara plays an important role in maintaining cultural and traditional diversity in the midst of the challenges of globalization, modernization, social change, and intergroup conflicts. This research will use a juridical normative research approach, which aims to analyze Islamic law and doctrine related to cultural diversity and traditions in the context of the archipelago. The approach of this research is descriptive-analytical. The main sources of data include the Qur'an, Hadith, fiqh books, Islamic legal literature, and legal and policy documents related to cultural diversity in the archipelago. Meanwhile, the data collection technique uses literature studies. The results showed that factors such as strengthening local identity, religious education that respects diversity, involvement of the younger generation in cultural preservation, and inter-group dialogue have proven effective strategies for improving the sustainability of cultural diversity and traditions in Islam Nusantara. Opportunities to strengthen cultural diversity and traditions through strengthening local identity, religious education that respects diversity, youth involvement in cultural preservation, and inter-group dialogue. By taking advantage of existing opportunities and overcoming the challenges faced, people in the archipelago can continue to preserve and develop cultural diversity and traditions as an integral part of religious and social identity and survival.
A Study on World War II wartime crimes and Japanese responsibility
Authors:   The Association Of Korean-Japanese National Studies, Seo In-Won
Published: January 2025

戦争と国際犯罪と関連した第二次世界大戦でのアジア諸国と市民の被害事例に焦点を当て、戦争責任に対する究明と補償問題について分析した。まず、戦争と国際犯罪の関連性では、戦争犯罪はすでに当時の国際的規範と処罰の慣行が形成されていたが、第二次世界大戦後の平和に対する罪と人道に対する罪に対する戦争犯罪の種類と処罰が拡大された。しかし、当時ヨーロッパよりアジア諸国に人道に対する罪を適用しなかったのは、政治的意図とは別の人種的偏見の旧戦勝国の便宜主義があった。最近、国際法構造転換で被害者中心主義に変化しており、植民地支配に対して国家責任として認める事例も増えている。まだ強制動員被害者は日本企業、日本政府を相手に被害訴訟を行っており、日本政府は強制動員被害補償に関連してドイツと国際社会の事例を援用し、道義的責任で積極的に被害補償問題を解決しなければならないし、国際社会の一員として国際信用を高めることに努力しなければならない。人道に対する罪と日本の違法分析で、1930年代から1945年までの中日戦争、アジア太平洋戦争、植民地支配下での戦争動員によって韓国人、中国人、アジア人の人権が侵害され、労働者に対する差別、虐待を受けた事例を見つけることができた。日帝は1938年、国家総動員法を朝鮮で施行し、物資、資金、物価、労働力などを包括的に規制し、大陸侵略の前進兵站基地として朝鮮産業の軍事的再編方針を確立し、物的、人的資源を収奪した。日帝は労働者を国家生産という名分の下で個人を犠牲にするよう要求し、資本家と日帝の徹底した統制の中で労働者に戦争を遂げるための生産力増強だけを強調した。このような戦争システムにおける日本の戦争犯罪は侵略戦争の一つであり、日本は戦争を遂行しながら集団殺害を含む戦争法規と戦争慣習法の違反、捕虜および民間人に対する過酷な扱い、不要な破壊行為を行った。国際社会における日本の戦争責任において、日本は様々な国際法条約を締結し、日本政府が国連憲章の原則を遵守し、世界人権宣言の目的を実現するために努力しているが、ドイツ政府に比べてその戦争責任と補償が不備だ。ドイツは自ら戦争責任に対する徹底した反省と被害国、被害者に補償する努力をしてきており、現在も被害者を支援している。これを考慮すると、日本が国際社会で期待される役割と位置は重要だと考えられる。
The politics of representation of Koreans in Japan surrounding stimulant drugs : Focusing on The Diet Record and newspaper media discourse
Authors:   The Association Of Korean-Japanese National Studies, Hwang Ik-Koo
Published: January 2025

戦時中に製造された覚醒剤は、敗戦以降、日本社会に広く流通し、その濫用と副作用が社会問題を引き起こすことで国家的な管理と統制の必要性が浮上するようになった。どころで注目すべきなのは、覚醒剤をめぐる国家的な管理と統制の過程に在日朝鮮人表象が頻繁に登場するという点である。とりわけ覚醒剤取締法が施行された1951年7月以降からは、新聞メディア言説はもちろん国会における論議のなかでも、在日朝鮮人は覚醒剤の密造と密造に携わる社会悪という否定的なイメージとともに国家システムを撹乱し、社会秩序を破壊する不安要素として指弾の対象となっていた。まさに覚醒剤をめぐる言説のなかで在日朝鮮人のイメージは、日本社会に対する｢民族的な謀略｣と｢思想的な謀略｣を画策する不穏な存在として繰り返して拡散していた。さらに覚醒剤をめぐる言説は、戦後日本のナショナリズムを刺激する方向にも展開していた。そのため覚醒剤をめぐる在日朝鮮人表象は、戦後日本社会の在日朝鮮人に対する取締りと処罰はもちろん差別と排除、さらに強制追放なども正当化する根拠として機能していた。
Analysis of description related to modern Korean history in Japanese history textbook(歴史総合)
Authors:   The Association Of Korean-Japanese National Studies, Bae Young-Mi
Published: January 2025

2022年、新しく編成された歴史科目の｢歴史総合｣教科書のなか、採択率上位5種における韓国近代史叙述を六つのテーマー日清戦争、日露戦争、強制併合過程と植民地支配、3·1運動と以降の民族運動、関東大震災朝鮮人虐殺と在日朝鮮人、朝鮮人戦時動員ーに分けて分析した。日清戦争については、東学農民戦争の勃発原因と性格に対する説明が足りず、朝鮮民衆の被害や戦争経験に関する叙述がないことを共通の問題として指摘できる。帝国主義侵略を｢対外進出｣と表現した教科書もある。日露戦争については、日本政府が望むように、日本の勝利がアジア諸国に｢肯定的影響｣ばかり与えたと書いた教科書はない。ただ日清戦争と同様、朝鮮民衆の存在はまったく描かれていない。強制併合と植民地支配関連の叙述は教科書による大差はなく、＜東京＞が台湾との比較叙述をし、＜実教＞が多様な資料や事例を活用して植民地朝鮮に対する理解を高めたことに特徴がある。3·1運動も教科書別供述に大きな違いはない。このテーマも＜実教＞が他の教科書では扱わない2·8独立宣言、3·1運動の国外への拡散、以降の民族運動·社会主義運動などを叙述した点は注目に値する。しかし解放まで続いた朝鮮の独立運動を学生に伝えるには情報がまったく足りない。関東大震災朝鮮人虐殺についてはなぜ数千名の朝鮮人が虐殺されたのかという背景や原因があまり説明されず、虐殺主体が曖昧な場合もある。在日朝鮮人については戦時体制期強制動員と戦後の社会政治的差別との関連性を指摘してはいるが、日本社会の構成員の一つとしてもっとも近い｢他者｣である存在を歴史的に説明するには決して十分ではない。最後に朝鮮人戦時動員に関する叙述を労働、軍事、日本軍｢慰安婦｣に分けて検討した結果、ほとんどの教科書で扱ってはいるが、被害の実体や加害責任についての情報と意味が伝わるほとではない。ほとんどの教科書で、今後の日本とアジアとの関係について、1995年戦後50年を迎えて植民地支配に対する反省とお詫びを表明した村山談話と挙げて日本政府の公式見解として受け継がれているとしたり、日本社会の植民地支配に対する反省と過去清算が十分ではないという事実を言及している。日本がアジア、ひいては国際社会で役割を果たせるためには、まさしくこの問題がカギになることを見せてくれる。
The Fabrication of the So-Called ‘Solution’ to Forced Mobilization
Authors:   The Association Of Korean-Japanese National Studies, Kim Chang-Rok
Published: January 2025

2023年3月6日、韓国の尹錫悦(ユン·ソギョル)政権は、韓国大法院が日本企業に対し、強制動員の責任を問うて支払いを命じた損害賠償金を、韓国政府傘下の日帝強制動員被害者支援財団が代わりに支払うという、いわゆる｢強制動員解決策｣を発表した。これは、大法院の判決を｢国際法違反｣として反発し、該当する日本企業が責任を負わなくてもよい｢治外法権｣を認めるよう求めた日本政府の時代錯誤的かつ帝国主義的な要求を受け入れたものである。この｢解決策｣は、大韓民国大法院の判決を全面的に否定するものであって、大韓民国憲法が宣言している三権分立の原則を侵害するものである。同時に、大法院の判決が根拠としている｢三·一運動によって設立された大韓民国臨時政府の法統｣という大韓民国の法的アイデンティティの核心を侵害するものでもある。｢解決策｣は、それを拒否している一部の勝訴原告に強制することができないという点、日本企業と韓国企業に頼る財源の確保が見込めないという点、そして日帝強制動員被害者支援財団が法令上その役割を担うことができないという点から、解決策となり得ず、すでに破綻状態にある。｢解決策｣を評価しているとする日本政府は、｢解決策｣以降も植民地支配の責任や謝罪、反省について言及すらせず、むしろ植民地支配を擁護し、強制動員を否定している。そして、尹錫悦政権は、そのような日本政府の立場にむしろ同調する姿勢を見せている。2025年は、日本が韓国の外交権を侵奪した1905年の乙巳年、日帝の韓半島支配に対する責任を曖昧にした1965年の乙巳年に続き、3度目の乙巳年を迎える年である。このもう一つの乙巳年をどのように迎えるかに、韓日関係の未来がかかっている。
Possibilities of laparoscopic simultaneous surgery in the treatment of rectal cancer. Clinical case.
Authors: Valiev Amiir A , Gataullin Bulat I. , Zankina Anna P , Gataullin Ilgiz G. , Khasanov R Sh , Vaitov Bulat R
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction
Colorectal cancer (CRC) with synchronous liver metastases remains a challenging issue in modern oncology. Minimally invasive simultaneous surgical interventions are increasingly recognized as an effective approach for treating this patient category.
Objective
To describe a clinical case of laparoscopic simultaneous surgery for rectal cancer with a solitary liver metastasis.
Materials and Methods
A 53-year-old male patient diagnosed with rectal cancer (T3N1M1, stage IV) and a solitary liver metastasis underwent treatment at the Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after Professor M.Z. Sigal. The diagnostic stage included video colonoscopy, MRI, and contrast-enhanced CT, confirming locally advanced rectal cancer and a metastatic liver lesion in segment IV. The patient underwent a simultaneous nerve-sparing laparoscopic-assisted intraperitoneal resection of the rectum combined with left-sided hemihepatectomy, including resections of segments V and VIII of the right lobe of the liver.
Results
The surgery was performed successfully without intraoperative complications. Blood loss amounted to 350 mL during the liver resection stage and 30 mL during the rectal resection stage. The postoperative period was uneventful: early mobilization was achieved within 24 hours, and full recovery of motor activity occurred within 30 hours. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 11. Postoperative histological findings revealed high-grade rectal adenocarcinoma invading the submucosal and muscular layers with fat tissue involvement (pT3). No tumor cells were found in 14 examined regional lymph nodes. The liver lesion was identified as a metastatic adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, with tumor-free resection margins (pT3 N0 M1, stage IV).
Conclusion
This case demonstrates the effectiveness of laparoscopic access in performing simultaneous surgeries for CRC with synchronous liver metastases. Further research in this area will help better define the role of laparoscopy in simultaneous oncological surgeries.
Pengaruh Keberagaman Pengawas Syariah Terhadap Pengungkapan Laporan DPS Pada Bank Syariah di Asia Tenggara Periode 2018-2022
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi Islam SEBI, Kamal Mustafa , Abbas Sarah Mardhiyah ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi Islam SEBI
Published: January 2025

Fokus penelitian ini untuk mengukur keberagaman DPS terhadap kepatuhan syariah. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan regresi data panel yang diolah menggunakan Eviews 12. Keberagaman DPS diukur dengan menggunakan jumlah DPS, masa jabatan DPS, proporsi wanita DPS, latar belakang DPS, dan rangkap jabatan DPS. Sedangkan kepatuhan syariah diukur menggunakan item-itemlaporan DPS. Sampel penelitian diambil menggunakan purposive sampling dan menghasilkan 13 bank syariah di Asia Tenggara. Periode pengamatan diambil dari 2018 sampai 2022. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian variabel jumlah DPS tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan syariah dikarenakan terlalu banyak anggota DPS akan menimbulkan banyak biaya tambahan yang berasal dari konflik dan koordinasi. Masa jabatan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan syariah dikarenakan DPS yang terlalu lama kerja dapat menurunkan kualitas dari pengungkapan laporan DPS. Proporsi wanita DPS tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan syariah dikarenakan semakin banyak anggota wanita DPS memperlambat proses pengambilan keputusan dan menimbul perbedaan dalam menanggapi risiko dari segi prinsip syariah. Latar belakang pendidikan DPS tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan syariah dikarenakan kebanyakan anggota DPS yang memiliki gelar doktor bukan dibidang akuntansi, perbankan dan ekonomi. Rangkap jabatan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepatuhan syariah dikarenakan anggota DPS yang memiliki rangkap jabatan di lembaga lain akan memiliki pengalaman, pengetahuan yang lebih baik.
A high-power photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS) employing lateral step doping
Authors: Zhou Miao , Jiang Lijuan , Xu Jiankai , Xiao Hongling , Feng Chun , Li Wei , Wang Qian , Yan Jianchang , Wang Xiaoliang
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS) device that adopts the lateral step doping structure (LSD) is proposed for the first time. Simulation results show that the lateral step doping structure has significant advantages in improving the voltage resistance of the PCSS. As to a small-size PCSS with a 5 μm electrode gap, the LSD structure could weaken the peak electric field by 61% and improve voltage resistance by 85%. At an electrode gap of 250 μm, the peak electric field of LSD PCSS decreases by 45%. For the small-size PCSS, the use of a 270 nm thick SiO2 anti-reflection film increased the voltage resistance of PCSS by 84% and weakened the peak electric field intensity by 54%. In addition, the use of anti-reflection and high-reflection films increased the photocurrent of PCSS by 96% and reduced the on-state resistance by 49%.
AR KETURIŲ DARBO DIENŲ SAVAITĖ NAUDINGA DARBUOTOJŲ SVEIKATAI?
Authors: Lešinskaitė Odeta , Stanislavovienė Jelena
Published: January 2025

Keturių darbo dienų savaitės modelis pasaulyje įgauna vis didesnį populiarumą. Nors šis modelis egzistuoja jau daugiau nei 50 metų, jis ypač išpopuliarėjo tik per pasta­ruosius kelerius metus. Darbdaviai pradeda taikyti šį mo­delį, siekdami pritraukti daugiau talentingų specialistų, padidinti jų motyvaciją ir pagerinti sveikatą.

Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti Lietuvos įmonės darbuotojų nuomonę apie keturių darbo dienų savaitės modelį ir jo sąsają su darbuotojų sveikata.

Tyrimo metodai. Įmonės darbuotojai buvo apklausti ano­nimine anketa 2024 m. vasario–kovo mėnesiais. Anketą sudarė trys dalys: sociodemografiniai duomenys, nuo­monė apie keturių darbo dienų savaitės modelį ir svei­katos įsivertinimas. Apklausoje dalyvavo 221 respon­dentas. Duomenys analizuoti programomis „Microsoft Office Excel“ ir „R Commander“. Kokybiniams kinta­miesiems analizuoti naudotas Pearson chi kvadrato kri­terijus, tikslusis Fisher kriterijus, Spearman koreliacijos koeficientas. Rezultatai buvo laikomi statistiškai reikš­mingais, jei p≤0,05.

Rezultatai ir išvados. 95 proc. apklaustų įmonės dar­buotojų didžiuojasi darbdavio sprendimu taikyti ketu­rių darbo dienų savaitės modelį, 99,5 proc. jį vertina teigiamai ir norėtų taip dirbti ilgą laiką. Dauguma (74 proc.) respondentų mano, kad jų darbo krūvis yra vidu­tinis. 42 proc. apklaustųjų pastebėjo sveikatos būklės pagerėjimą, 72 proc. – geresnę emocinę būklę, 38 proc. – geresnę miego kokybę, 28 proc. – sumažėjusį stresą. 50 proc. respondentų daugiau laiko ėmė skirti fizinei vei­klai. Keturių darbo dienų savaitė gerina sveikatą, mažina stresą ir nuovargį.
HETEROZIGOTŲ PAGAL ACE 1799752 POLIMORFIZMĄ PRANAŠUMAS PROFESIONALIŲ FUTBOLININKŲ GRUPĖJE
Authors: Ginevičienė Valentina , Buzas Gabrielius
Published: January 2025

Sportininkų genetiniai tyrimai vis populiarėja. Vienas la­biausiai ištirtų su fiziniu pasirengimu siejamų genų kan­didatų yra ACE (angl. angiotensin-converting enzyme) genas ir jo polimorfizmas rs1799752 (I/D). Šio tyrimo tikslas buvo išanalizuoti ir įvertinti ACE rs1799752 poli­morfizmo ypatumus Lietuvos profesionalių futbolininkų grupėje. Tyrimas apėmė 150 vyriškos lyties Lietuvos fut­bolo žaidėjų ir 150 profesionaliai nesportuojančių vyrų (kontrolės grupė). Tiriamųjų genotipavimas atliktas tai­kant polimerazės grandininės reakcijos metodą. Statis­tinė duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant R Commander programinės įrangos 2.8-0 versiją, taikant Chi kvadrato testą ir Fisher tikslųjį testą. Nustatytas ACE I/D geno­tipų dažnių reikšmingas skirtumas tarp futbolininkų ir kontrolinės grupių (II 22,0; ID 49,3; DD 28,7 % vs II 32,7; ID 36,7; DD 30,7 %, p = 0,049). Tarp visų futbo­lininkų (ir pagal poziciją aikštėje) vyrauja heterozigoti­nis ID genotipas, lyginant su kontrolinės grupės vyrais. Lietuvos futbolininkų grupėje nustatytas heterozigotinis pranašumas (ID vs II + DD: ŠS=1,682, PI=1,060-2,667; p=0,027). Galima daryti išvadą, kad ACE rs1799752 polimorfizmas yra susijęs su Lietuvos futbolo žaidėjų aerobiniu ir anaerobiniu fenotipu.
DIRBANČIŲJŲ SĖDIMĄ DARBĄ FIZINIS AKTYVUMAS IR GYVENIMO KOKYBĖ: DVIEJŲ SKIRTINGŲ FIZINIO AKTYVUMO PROGRAMŲ POVEIKIS
Authors: Draugelytė Eglė , Žilinskienė Ramunė , Bilotienė-Motiejūnienė Aušra , Muntianaitė Inga
Published: January 2025

Sėdimas darbas ilgainiui neigiamai paveikia gyvenimo kokybę. Darbo vietose vykdomos įvairios sveikatos sti­prinimo programos, tačiau programų, paremtų miofasci­jinių grandinių treniravimu, dar nebuvo. Tyrimo tikslas yra palyginti dviejų fizinio aktyvumo programų poveikį asmenų, dirbančių sėdimą darbą, gyvenimo kokybei. Me­todai: atliktas eksperimentinis tyrimas. Tyrime dalyvavo 55 Vilniaus universiteto darbuotojai, kurių amžius 41,62 ±7,96 metų. Tiriamieji buvo suskirstyti į dvi grupes: mio­fascijinių grandinių treniravimo (n=29) ir tradicinės ki­neziterapijos (n=26). Gyvenimo kokybei įvertinti buvo taikytas SF-36 klausimynas. Duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant MS Excel ir SPSS programas. Rezultatai: mio­fascijinių grandinių treniravimo grupėje nustatytas trijų gyvenimo kokybės sričių pagerėjimas: fizinio funkcio­navimo, bendros sveikatos ir sveikatos būklės pokyčio (p<0,05; 0,50≤d≤0,79). Tradicinės kineziterapijos gru­pėje nustatytas šešių gyvenimo kokybės sričių pagerėji­mas: energingumo (p<0,001; d≥0,80), bendros sveikatos, sveikatos būklės pokyčio (p<0,05; 0,50≤d≤0,79), fizinio funkcionavimo, socialinio funkcionavimo ir skausmo (p<0,05; d≤0,49). Tiek prieš, tiek po programų taikymo grupės nesiskyrė pagal visas gyvenimo kokybės sritis (p>0,05). Išvada. Įvertinus ir palyginus abiejų programų treniravimo poveikį sėdimą darbą dirbančių asmenų su sveikata susijusios gyvenimo kokybės sritims, buvo nu­statyta, jog miofascijinių grandinių treniravimo ir tra­dicinės kineziterapijos poveikis reikšmingai nesiskiria.
Aplicación de un programa de formación ética en la mejora de la competencia ética de los docentes de una institución educativa rural en Colombia
Authors: Diana Fernanda Cardona López  , Mireya Frausto Rojas
Published: January 2025

La humanidad encara una crisis profunda en el ámbito de la ética, así nuestros niños y jóvenes experimentan desorientación sobre el correcto proceder; por ello se precisa que la educación promueva valores consistentes para la construcción de un mundo mejor; bajo este contexto, el profesorado es una figura esencial que debe ser formado en competencias éticas que lo distingan en su accionar; es por ello que la presente investigación cualitativa, explicativa y cuasiexperimental, busca evaluar los efectos de la aplicación de un programa de formación ética de 25 horas¸ en el favorecimiento y mejora en la dimensión ética de un grupo de docentes de la Institución Educativa Rural San Rafael del municipio de Calarcá Quindío, ubicada en Colombia; para este propósito, se seleccionaron dos grupos, uno experimental y otro de control, constituido por 20 docentes cada uno, de una población de 46 educadores, sólo el grupo experimental recibió el programa de formación. La autoevaluación de la dimensión ética, al finalizar el programa, realizada por el grupo experimental, en lugar de aumentar con respecto a la autoevaluación inicial, presentó una disminución en un 35,43%; lo cual, al analizar de manera detallada los resultados, da cuenta de un cambio interno de percepción en los participantes sobre su forma de entender la ética y las conductas que se derivan de ella. En general se concluye que los contenidos desarrollados en el programa permitieron aclarar conceptos, generar procesos de reflexión y cambios de consciencia en los participantes para confrontarse con ellos mismos, reconocer sus propios comportamientos, detectar fallos, corregirlos y buscar mejorar en los diferentes aspectos de la vida, así como empezar a aplicar y difundir en las aulas de clase los aprendizajes adquiridos.
Kinderen en gedragsproblemen: Aanleg, rijping of omgeving?
Authors: Delfos Martine F.
Published: January 2025

Dit derde deel van de quadrilogie over ontwikkelingspsychologie is helemaal gewijd aan het ontstaan van gedragsproblematiek. Daarbij worden angst, agressie, ADHD en depressie uitvoerig behandeld. Delfos biedt een helder beschreven, inzichtelijk biopsychologisch model voor gedrag. Dit gedragsmodel omvat biologische en psychologische verschillen en overeenkomsten tussen mannen en vrouwen en de betekenis daarvan voor de problematiek bij kinderen en jeugdigen.

In het boek worden de factoren aanleg, omgeving en rijping van het centrale zenuwstelsel ontrafeld. Hoewel deze drie factoren altijd een rol spelen in het tot stand komen van gedrag, is het maken van een onderscheid van wezenlijk belang voor de hulpverlening. Wordt gedrag meer bepaald door aanleg, door rijping van het centrale zenuwstelsel of door omgevingsfactoren?
Delfos gaat uitgebreid in op deze vraag en legt daarbij steeds een direct verband met diagnostiek en hulpverleningsstrategieën. Problematiek die in aanleg of door rijping gestuurd wordt, vereist een geheel andere hulpverleningsstrategie dan gedrag dat vooral door omgevingsfactoren in stand wordt gehouden.
Met het angstmodel en het psychosomatiekmodel die in het boek uitvoerig worden beschreven, geeft Delfos inzicht in de oorzaak van angst- en agressiestoornissen en depressie en de gevolgen die dat heeft voor het lichamelijk welzijn. Hierbij ontstaat een praktisch handvat voor kinderen en volwassenen in hoe zij met angst, agressie en depressie om kunnen gaan. Bovendien wordt een nieuw licht geworpen op ADHD en de rol die hyperactiviteit daarbij speelt.
Het boek combineert een wetenschappelijke en theoretische visie met praktische toepasbaarheid in de hulpverlening aan kinderen en jeugdigen.

Kinderen en gedragsproblemen is het derde deel van de quadrilogie Ontwikkelingspsychologie en psychopathologie van kinderen en jongeren.
The Estimating The Age of Human Bloodstains by FTIR Spectroscopy in Forensic Laboratories
Authors: M. Jabor Yousif , M. Yusef Baneen , S. Hassan Anfal
Published: January 2025

In forensic techniques, determining the age of human blood spots is crucial and important, but it can be challenging because there is no widely used, trusted method for doing so. An innovative technology called Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was utilized to calculate the age of blood spots from one day to 42 days. The blood splatter storage conditions closely resembled actual crime scenes. When analyzing the samples , it was observed that there were peaks relates to amide A, I, II, III in all samples, which are considered diagnostic features of human blood using the FTIR device . In samples 1, 2, and 3, it was observed that there were beaks (3564 – 3960) indicating the presence of moisture or water particles in the sample, and the reason for this may be due to the failure to dry the sample properly, or that it had absorbed moisture while preparing the sample for examination, and therefore the presence of these beaks was observed . It was also observed that there were beaks (1968 – 2973) relates to lipids in plasma and (1055-1062) relates to glucose in samples 1-2-3 , which were preserved for a period of (10-42) days, and their absence in samples that were kept for a period of (1-3) days, and this may indicate decomposition of blood samples as time progressed and breakage. Compounds and cells that lead to decomposition and then aggregation biochemical compounds again as time progressed and thus increase absorption
Production of granticin by Streptomyces spp isolated from soil samples
Authors: Razaq Rawaa , A.Taher Nehad
Published: January 2025

Granaticin, a benzoisochromanequinone (BIQ) produced by streptomyces sp .    In this study. 103 soil samples were collected from seven Iraqi provinces. Ten isolates were obtained that inhibit pathogenic bacteria. The Streptomyces isolates are identified by microscopy and morphology. These isolates were diagnosed genetically through the 16s rRNA gene. Five isolates were sent for sequence analysis. After that, the Streptomyces isolates that produced granticin were searched for by means of By changing the color of the producer  isolate from red to violet when adding the base NaOH and genetically through the  orf-gra 11 gene that encoding to a dTDP-glucose dehydratase enzyme granticin(500bp) by conventional PCR., one isolate was obtained that produced granticin Streptomyces RS18. By examining the inhibition activity of the isolates, the isolate RS18 showed effective inhibition against gram -positive bacteria, and there was no activity for gram-negative bacteria. Further chemical characterization of the local iraqi granticin is very usefull in its pharmaceutical companies.
Evaluation of wet mount, Rapid antigen test and molecular techniques in the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis in men.
Authors: A. Jabr. Al-Rubaie Uday , A. Mhouse Alsaady Hussain , S. Aziz Zahid
Published: January 2025

Trichonas vaginalis is a sexual, human flagellated protozoan-obligated parasite. In Iraq, there are few studies concerning trichomoniasis in men and no studies were conducted on men in Maysan province. So this study was conducted to estimate the infection rate (IR) of T. vaginalis in males and evaluated four methods that used in diagnosis of this parasite including Wet mount, Rapid antigen detection test (RADT), Conventional polymerase chain reaction (CO-PCR), and Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Urine and semen samples were collected from 97 human males whose ages ranged from 18 to 50 years, and agreed to participate in the current study.
With the wet mount (WM), no one had been detected to be infected (0/97) with T. vaginalis. In RADT, it finds that 13.63%(6/44) of urine samples are positive for trichomoniasis by this test while all the semen samples gave negative results. Conventional PCR detected T. vaginalis in 18.18% (8/44) of urine samples and in 27.27% (12/44) of the semen sample. In Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), T. vaginalis was detected in 29.54% (13/44) of urine samples and 31.82% (14/44) among the semen of the same males. The WM had the lower sensitivity of 0.0% and RT-qPCR had the highest sensitivity (100%) Finally, it can be concluded that the RT-qPCR is a golden standard tool for the diagnosis of T. vaginalis with high sensitivity and specificity and wet mount was poor and not recommended.
A Review Bio-Nanotechnology and Nanoparticles Applications in Biology
Authors: Aldulaimi Tsahel , Shaker AL-hindi Zeana , Sabah Al-Musawi Hawraa
Published: January 2025

Nanotechnology: It is an application to study the basic principles of molecules and compounds that do not exceed one hundred nanometers in size and to engineer them for use in useful applications such as in the field of medicine to treat cancerous diseases and various microbial infections and in the field of engineering, chemistry, physics and other sciences. Numerous bacteria strains that are resistant to antibiotics have arisen as a result of the careless and overuse use antibiotics. As a result, the use of nanoparticles has emerged as a competitive substitute for antibiotics in the fight against the evolution of bacterial drug resistance. In addition to having strong antimicrobial properties that may act by weakening already-existing antimicrobial mechanisms, many organic and inorganic nanomaterials also have unique physical and chemical properties that make them important for the quick, sensitive, and selective detection of microbial infections. Furthermore, compared to traditional antibiotics, nanoparticles have less negative effects. In addition, the incorporation of antimicrobial nanomaterial in medical devices can prevent microbial adhesion and infection, also it used as vaccine adjuvants and/or delivery vehicles can evoke more efficient immune responses against microbial infection. The process of microbial production of nanoparticles (NPs) involves a bottom-up approach. Defense mechanisms for detoxification, such as the oxidation/reduction of metal ions, the creation of metal phosphates, carbonates, and sulfides, or the volatilization of metal ions, function as vital survival procedures.