bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Prototype Sistem Home security dengan Pemanfaatan Kode Akses berbasis Arduino Mega
Authors: NATALIANA DECY , ANWARI SABAT , AKBAR MUHAMMAD SYAHRUL
Published: September 2017

ABSTRAKSistem home  security adalah suatu sistem yang dirancang sedemikian rupa yang digunakan untuk mengamankan sebuah perangkat hardware atau software. Home security yang dirancang ini berupa prototype yang terdiri dari input dan output. Input terdiri dari limit switch, motion sensor, Keypad 3x4. Output yang dirancang terdiri dari hardware dan software. Hardware berupa Lcd 16x2, LED, buzzer dan motor servo, sedangkan untuk software memberikan perintah ataupun program ke arduino mega yang untuk ditampilkan ke PC. Sistem home security yang telah direalisasikan mampu mengaktifkan buzzer yang berfungsi sebagai alarm rumah ketika melakukan kesalahan dalam memasukkan akses kode, dan akan menonaktifkan buzzer dan limit switch ketika akses kode yang dimasukkan benar. Saat berada didalam ruangan motion  sensor detection akan langsung membaca pergerakan sehingga lampu yang berupa led akan menyala kemudian motor servo akan bergerak kearah masing-masing ruangan dan kamera merekam yang terjadi pada masing-masing ruangan dengan mengikuti arah motor servo yang telah di program 0o,90o dan 180o.Kata kunci: Security Sistem, Arduino Mega, Motion Detection, Limit Switch, Motor Servo.ABSTRACTHome security sistem is a sistem that is designed in a way that is used to secure a piece of hardware or software. Home security is a prototype designed consisting of input and output. Input consists of a limit switch, motion sensor, 3x4 Keypad. Output designed consists of hardware and software. Hardware such as Lcd 16x2, LED, buzzer and servo motors, while the software gives the command or program to arduino mega were to be shown to the PC. Home security sistem that has been realized is able to activate an alarm buzzer which serves as the home when it made a mistake in entering the access code, and will disable the buzzer and the limit switch when access code is entered correctly. When being in the room sensor motion detection will directly read the movement so that the lights in the form of LED will light then the servo motor will move toward each room and a kamera to record what happened in each room to follow the direction of servo motors that have been in the program 0o, 90o and 180o.Keywords: Security Sistem, Arduino Mega, Motion Detection, Limit Switch, Servo Motor
Eurocentrism, Ethnocentrism, and Misery of Position: International Relations in Europe – A Problematic Oversight
Authors: Alejandro Audrey
Published: September 2017

Since the 1980s, International Relations (IR) scholars have emphasised the ‘geoepistemological’ dynamics underpinning the global structuration of discipline diversity. By focusing mainly on the study of ‘American’ and ‘non-Western’ IR, this debate has given little attention to the voices, perspectives, and practices of those scholars who study IR in Europe. This article aims reflexively to question the identity dynamics of the marginalisation of European cases in the debate about diversity and hegemony in International Relations. Using anthropological and sociological tools, such as the idea of ‘misery of position’ developed by Pierre Bourdieu, it explores the postcolonial and eurocentric narratives that can explain this situation, while also putting forward why assuming a balanced ethnocentric stance would provide a more appropriate relational model to promote pluralism.
After ’Brexit:’ The Western Balkans in the European Waiting Room
Authors: Belloni Roberto , Brunazzo Marco
Published: September 2017

The European enlargement process in the western Balkans is in trouble. This paper starts by briefly reviewing the much debated, and quite well known, ‘enlargement fatigue’ the European Union (EU) has been experiencing largely, but not exclusively, as a result of the post-2008 economic, financial and political crisis in Europe. While this crisis has slowed considerably the EU enlargement process, the post-2016 ‘Brexit’ risks postponing it indefinitely. Second, it notes how a less known, but equally important, version of the enlargement fatigue is found in western Balkan states where various levels of Euroscepticism, or Euro-fatigue, have been developing. Third, and finally, the paper discusses some alternatives to the western Balkans’ integration into the EU, including the development of a ‘privileged partnership,’ various forms of ‘differentiated integration,’ and the construction of a ’macro-region.’ Overall, we argue that the EU’s approach to the region ultimately depends on its own institutional development.
European Studies in Poland: Areas of Research, Methods and Theoretical Approaches
Authors: Czaputowicz Jacek , Ławniczak Kamil
Published: September 2017

This article analyses European studies in Poland a quarter-century after the fall of communism. Based on the quantitative and qualitative examination of research articles and PhD dissertations, as well as the results of the latest Teaching, Research and International Policy survey, it concludes that ES in Poland is a multi-disciplinary field of research. There is a great variety of topics, the most popular being the EU political system, the EU external relations and member-state policy towards the EU. Most of the texts are descriptive or focused solely on policy analysis. This lack of explanatory ambitions is usually accompanied by an atheoretical approach to research. It must be noted, however, that there are valuable papers, often written by representatives of the younger generation of Polish researchers, that embrace clearly defined theoretical approaches and use advanced research methods.
Impacts of Sample Size on Calculation of Pavement Texture Indicators with 1mm 3D Surface Data
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Kelvin C.P. , Li Qiang , Luo Wenting , Guo Jiangang
Published: September 2017

The emerging 1mm resolution 3D data collection technology is capable of covering the entire pavement surface, and provides more data sets than traditional line-of-sight data collection systems. As a result, quantifying the impact of sample size including sample width and sample length on the calculation of pavement texture indicators is becoming possible. In this study, 1mm 3D texture data are collected and processed at seven test sites using the PaveVision3D Ultra system. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and linear regression models are developed to investigate various sample length and width on the calculation of three widely used texture indicators: Mean Profile Depth (MPD), Mean Texture Depth (MTD) and Power Spectra Density (PSD). Since the current ASTM standards and other procedures cannot be directly applied to 3D surface for production due to a lack of definitions, the results from this research are beneficial in the process to standardize texture indicators’ computations with 1mm 3D surface data of pavements.
Factitious disorder with self inflicted injuries
Authors: Syed Sifat E , Khan Niaz Mohammad , Hossain Redwana
Published: September 2017

A 45 year old Bangladeshi female presented with multiple deep cuts and scratch injuries on her body. It was evident from the detail history and observation that the injuries were done by the patient herself. The absences of any obvious external rewards lead to the diagnosis of the factitious disorder. Deception is a key component in both malingering and factitious disorder but in factitious disorder, getting attention or playing the sick role is the only motive.
Giant condyloma acuminatum of vulva
Authors: Ahmed S. M. Ramiz , Islam Mohammad Saiful , Ali S. M. Yunus , Akhtar Nargis , Hasan Md. Sajid
Published: September 2017

In this paper, A 23 year old married woman who was diagnosed as a case of giant condyloma acuminatum of vulva measuring about 15 x 8 x 3 cm, irregular surface with multiple projections, oval in shape, firm to hard in consistency, mildly tender, exophytic, cauliflower like growth involving the whole vulva (lower part of mons pubis, labia, vestibule, clitoris, around vaginal opening). Another multiple small lesions were present at perineal region but there was no inguinal lymphadenopathy. She underwent a combined electro cauterization and cryotherapy for small to moderate size multiple primary and recurrent warty lesions and wide surgical excision with fasciocutaneous advancement flaps procedure for a giant lesions in the vulva. Excisional biopsies were performed to detect potential malignancy but malignancy was not found histologically. The patient was advised to first follow-up 1 month after operation when multiple small warty lesions were developed and treated and the subsequent follow-ups for 3 months.
Alagille syndrome with moyamoya disease
Authors: Alam Rubaiyat , Rukunuzzaman Md. , Karim A. S. M. Bazlul , Hossen Kamal , Yasmin Afsana
Published: September 2017

We report a 5 year old male child who presented with a history of progressive jaundice since infancy and generalized pruritus. He was also found to have typical triangular facies, posterior embryotoxon on both eyes, peripheral pulmonary stenosis and paucity of bile ducts in liver biopsy. Magnetic resonance angiography of brain showed typical features of moyamoya disease. The child was diagnosed as a case of Alagille syndrome. This particular syndrome with feature of moyamoya disease has been rarely reported.
Partial splenectomy followed by total splenectomy in thalassemia
Authors: Oli Ullah Abu Saleh Md. , Barman Bhupal Chandra , Amin Md. Ruhul
Published: September 2017

Total splenectomy is the usual operative practice for children with thalassemia requiring splenectomy. But wherever possible, the surgical community should carefully consider partial splenectomy as an alternative treatment option that may offer few important benefits to the patient with the same indication. Here, we are reporting a case where a thalassemic boy enjoyed six years free from overwhelming post-splenectomy infection after partial splenectomy without any vaccination or prophylactic antibiotic before eventual total splenectomy. So, partial splenectopmy may be considered as a preferable initial treatment option for the thalassemic patient with splenomegally requiring splenectomy.
Essential thrombocythemia presenting as digital ischemia
Authors: Hasan Md. Nazmul , Rahim Md. Abdur , Ahmed Quazi Mamtaz Uddin , Islam Md. Syedul , Rahman Md. Atikur , Shamim Md.
Published: September 2017

Essential thrombocythemia is a myeloproliferative disease and is characterized by increased production of platelet and increased megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Though platelets are high in number but may not function normally and can cause hyperviscosity syndrome and blockage of the blood vessels and other complications. Here, we report two cases of essential thrombocythemia, presented with pain in hands and feet and one with digital infarction. Both the patients had headache and vertigo.
An Enhanced Dynamic Spectrum Allocation Algorithm Based on Cournot Game in Maritime Cognitive Radio Communication System
Authors: Zhang Jingbo , Yu Henan , Zhang Shufang
Published: September 2017

The recent development of maritime transport has resulted in the demand for a wider communication bandwidth being more intense. Cognitive radios can dynamically manage resources in a spectrum. Thus, building a new type of maritime cognitive radio communication system (MCRCS) is an effective solution. In this paper, the enhanced dynamic spectrum allocation algorithm (EDSAA) is proposed, which is based on the Cournot game model. In EDSAA, the decision-making center (DC) sets the weights according to the detection capability of the secondary user (SU), before adding these weighting coefficients in the price function. Furthermore, the willingness of the SU will reduce after meeting their basic communication needs when it continues to increase the leasable spectrum by adding the elastic model in the SU’s revenue function. On this basis, the profit function is established. The simulation results show that the EDSAA has Nash equilibrium and conforms to the actual situation. It shows that the results of spectrum allocation are fair, efficient and reasonable.
The Use of a Virtual Online Debating Platform to Facilitate Student Discussion of Potentially Polarising Topics
Authors: McGreevy Paul , Tzioumis Vicky , Degeling Chris , Johnson Jane , Brown Robert , Sands Mike , Starling Melissa , Phillips Clive
Published: September 2017

The merits of students exchanging views through the so-called human continuum exercise (HCE) are well established. The current article describes the creation of the virtual human continuum (VHC), an online platform that facilitates the same teaching exercise. It also reports feedback on the VHC from veterinary science students (n = 38). First-year Doctor of Veterinary Medicine students at the University of Sydney, Australia, trialed the platform and provided feedback. Most students agreed or strongly agreed that the VHC offered: a non-threatening environment for discussing emotive and challenging issues; and an opportunity to see how other people form ideas. It also made them think about how to express their ideas and make arguments; and left them feeling more comfortable about expressing their views using it than they would discussing ideas face-to-face (98%, 84%, 79% and 76%, respectively). All respondents agreed or strongly agreed that the VHC encouraged them to consider other opinions. These data suggest that the transition of the HCE to an online platform facilitates dialogue on difficult ethical issues in a supportive environment.
Functional, Biophysical, and Structural Characterization of Human IgG1 and IgG4 Fc Variants with Ablated Immune Functionality
Authors: Tam Susan , McCarthy Stephen , Armstrong Anthony , Somani Sandeep , Wu Sheng-Jiun , Liu Xuesong , Gervais Alexis , Ernst Robin , Saro Dorina , Decker Rose , Luo Jinquan , Gilliland Gary , Chiu Mark , Scallon Bernard
Published: September 2017

Engineering of fragment crystallizable (Fc) domains of therapeutic immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies to eliminate their immune effector functions while retaining other Fc characteristics has numerous applications, including blocking antigens on Fc gamma (Fcγ) receptor-expressing immune cells. We previously reported on a human IgG2 variant termed IgG2σ with barely detectable activity in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, phagocytosis, complement activity, and Fcγ receptor binding assays. Here, we extend that work to IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies, alternative subtypes which may offer advantages over IgG2 antibodies. In several in vitro and in vivo assays, the IgG1σ and IgG4σ variants showed equal or even lower Fc-related activities than the corresponding IgG2σ variant. In particular, IgG1σ and IgG4σ variants demonstrate complete lack of effector function as measured by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, and in vivo T-cell activation. The IgG1σ and IgG4σ variants showed acceptable solubility and stability, and typical human IgG1 pharmacokinetic profiles in human FcRn-transgenic mice and cynomolgus monkeys. In silico T-cell epitope analyses predict a lack of immunogenicity in humans. Finally, crystal structures and simulations of the IgG1σ and IgG4σ Fc domains can explain the lack of Fc-mediated immune functions. These variants show promise for use in those therapeutic antibodies and Fc fusions for which the Fc domain should be immunologically “silent”.
Application of Cross-Flow Filtration Technique in Purification and Concentration of Juice from Vietnamese Fruits
Authors: Mai Huynh
Published: September 2017

This study is to offer a 1st insight in the use of membrane process for the purification and concentration of Vietnamese fruit juices: cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale Line.), dragon fruit (Cactus hémiépiphytes), pineapple (Ananas comosus), pomelo (Citrus grandis L.), and gac aril oil (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.). On a laboratory scale, the effect of different operating parameters such as trans-membrane pressures (TMP), temperature and membrane pore sizes on permeate flux was determined in order to optimize process conditions that would ensure acceptable flux with adequate juice quality. The quality of the samples coming from the ultrafiltration (UF) process was evaluated in terms of: total soluble solids (TSS), suspended solids (SS), and vitamin C. For example, the purification process of cashew apple juice by cross-flow filtration was optimized at 0.5 μm membrane pore size, 2.5 bars TMP, and 60 min filtration time. Besides, this technique was applied to enhance carotenoids concentration from gac oil. Optimum conditions for a high permeate flux and a good carotenoids retention are 5 nm, 2 bars, and 40 °C of membrane pore size, TMP, and temperature, respectively. Carotenoids were concentrated higher than that in feeding oil.
Exploring the Role of RGD-Recognizing Integrins in Cancer
Authors: Nieberler Markus , Reuning Ute , Reichart Florian , Notni Johannes , Wester Hans-Jürgen , Schwaiger Markus , Weinmüller Michael , Räder Andreas , Steiger Katja , Kessler Horst
Published: September 2017

Integrins are key regulators of communication between cells and with their microenvironment. Eight members of the integrin superfamily recognize the tripeptide motif Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) within extracelluar matrix (ECM) proteins. These integrins constitute an important subfamily and play a major role in cancer progression and metastasis via their tumor biological functions. Such transmembrane adhesion and signaling receptors are thus recognized as promising and well accessible targets for novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications for directly attacking cancer cells and their fatal microenvironment. Recently, specific small peptidic and peptidomimetic ligands as well as antibodies binding to distinct integrin subtypes have been developed and synthesized as new drug candidates for cancer treatment. Understanding the distinct functions and interplay of integrin subtypes is a prerequisite for selective intervention in integrin-mediated diseases. Integrin subtype-specific ligands labelled with radioisotopes or fluorescent molecules allows the characterization of the integrin patterns in vivo and later the medical intervention via subtype specific drugs. The coating of nanoparticles, larger proteins, or encapsulating agents by integrin ligands are being explored to guide cytotoxic reagents directly to the cancer cell surface. These ligands are currently under investigation in clinical studies for their efficacy in interference with tumor cell adhesion, migration/invasion, proliferation, signaling, and survival, opening new treatment approaches in personalized medicine.
Research on Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Cr-Ti-B-N Films
Authors: Yu Lihua , Luo Huang , Bian Jianguo , Ju Hongbo , Xu Junhua
Published: September 2017

In this study, the Cr-Ti-B-N composite thin films with different Ti and B contents in the films were fabricated by a reactive magnetron sputtering system using chromium (Cr) and TiB2 targets. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and friction properties over broad ranges of temperature were detected by XRD, SEM, TEM, nano-indentation, 3D profilometer, and tribometer. It was found that the Cr-Ti-B-N films exhibited a double face-centered cubic (fcc)-CrN and amorphous-BN structure. As the Ti and B elements were introduced, the hardness and elastic modulus of Cr-Ti-B-N films increased from 21 and 246.5 GPa to a maximum value of approximately 28 and 283.6 GPa for Cr38.7Ti3.7B6.4N51.2 film, and then decreased slightly with a further increase of Ti and B contents. The hardness enhancement was attributed to the residual compressive stress. The friction and wear resistance of the film was improved obviously by the addition of Cr and B, as compared with the CrN film under 200 °C.
Thermal Transport on Graphene-Based Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Exfoliations from Carbon Nanotubes and Graphite Powders
Authors: Xie Jian-De , Gu Si-Yong , Zhang Houan
Published: September 2017

Thermal conductivities (k) of different graphene nanosheet (GN)-based heat sinks are investigated within the temperature range of 323–423 K. One- and two-step modified Hummers’ methods are adopted to chemically exfoliate GNs from two kinds of carbon precursors: carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphite powders. The two-step method offers an improved exfoliation level of GN products, especially for the CNT precursor. Experimental results show that the GN-based heat sink—exfoliated from graphite powders after the two-step approach—delivers an enhanced k value to 2507 W/m K at 323 K, as compared to the others. The k value is found to be a decreasing function of the porosity of the heat sink, revealing the importance of solid/void fraction (i.e., volumetric heat capacity). The improved thermal efficiency mainly originates from the long phonon mean free path and the low void fraction of GN-based heat sinks, thus inducing highly efficient thermal transport in the GN framework.
Texture Analysis of Hydrophobic Polycarbonate and Polydimethylsiloxane Surfaces via Persistent Homology
Authors: Duman Ali , Yilbas Bekir , Pirim Harun , Ali Haider
Published: September 2017

Due to recent climate change-triggered, regular dust storms in the Middle East, dust mitigation has become the critical issue for solar energy harvesting devices. One of the methods to minimize and prevent dust adhesion and create self-cleaning abilities is to generate hydrophobic characteristics on surfaces. The purpose of this study is to explore the topological features of hydrophobic surfaces. We use non-standard techniques from topological data analysis to extract morphological features from the AFM images. Our method recovers most of the previous qualitative observations in a robust and quantitative way. Persistence diagrams, which is a summary of topological structures, witness quantitatively that the crystallized polycarbonate (PC) surface possesses spherulites, voids, and fibrils, and the texture height and spherulite concentration increases with the increased immersion period. The approach also shows that the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) exactly copied the structures at the PC surface but 80 to 90 percent of the nanofibrils were not copied at PDMS surface. We next extract a feature vector from each persistence diagram to show which experiments hold features with similar variance using principal component analysis (PCA). The K-means clustering algorithm is applied to the matrix of feature vectors to support the PCA result, grouping experiments with similar features.
Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate Whiskers Obtained from Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Used for the Adsorption Removal of Lead
Authors: Wang Xiaoshu , Wang Lei , Wang Yan , Tan Ruiqi , Ke Xing , Zhou Xian , Geng Junjun , Hou Haobo , Zhou Min
Published: September 2017

Abstract: As a recycled material, flue gas desulfurization gypsum has been used to prepare calcium sulfate hemihydrate whisker (CSHW) through hydrothermal synthesis for several decades. However, the subsequent utilization of this resultant material has not yet received considerable attention. In the present research, CSHW was successfully synthesized at a certain region, and was used for the adsorption of lead ions from aqueous solutions, thereby broadening the research field for the practical application of CSHW. Its adsorption capacity was significantly influenced by various parameters, particularly, the pH level and initial lead concentration. The pH value highly affected the hydrolysis degree of lead ions and dominated the adsorption of lead. The equilibrium isotherms under two different temperatures were simulated using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models. Both Langmuir and Temkin models showed a good fit to the data. Combined with the well-fitted pseudo-second-order model, the adsorption mechanism was thought to be a chemisorption process that was enforced by the ion exchange reaction. In addition, the specific crystal structure of CSHW revealed that ion exchange reaction occurred on the (010) and (100) facets due to their preferential growth and negatively charged property. The residual solid phase after adsorption was collected and detected using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results revealed that PbSO4 was formed on the surface of CSHW. The alkaline condition introduced the tribasic lead sulfate, and thus reduced the stability of the adsorption system.
Using Naïve Bayesian Analysis to Determine Imaging Characteristics of KRAS Mutations in Metastatic Colon Cancer
Authors: Pershad Yash , Govindan Siddharth , Hara Amy , Borad Mitesh , Bekaii-Saab Tanios , Wallace Alex , Albadawi Hassan , Oklu Rahmi
Published: September 2017

Genotype, particularly Ras status, greatly affects prognosis and treatment of liver metastasis in colon cancer patients. This pilot aimed to apply word frequency analysis and a naive Bayes classifier on radiology reports to extract distinguishing imaging descriptors of wild-type colon cancer patients and those with v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations. In this institutional-review-board-approved study, we compiled a SNaPshot mutation analysis dataset from 457 colon adenocarcinoma patients. From this cohort of patients, we analyzed radiology reports of 299 patients (> 32,000 reports) who either were wild-type (147 patients) or had a KRAS (152 patients) mutation. Our algorithm determined word frequency within the wild-type and mutant radiology reports and used a naive Bayes classifier to determine the probability of a given word belonging to either group. The classifier determined that words with a greater than 50% chance of being in the KRAS mutation group and which had the highest absolute probability difference compared to the wild-type group included: “several”, “innumerable”, “confluent”, and “numerous” (p < 0.01). In contrast, words with a greater than 50% chance of being in the wild type group and with the highest absolute probability difference included: “few”, “discrete”, and “[no] recurrent” (p = 0.03). Words used in radiology reports, which have direct implications on disease course, tumor burden, and therapy, appear with differing frequency in patients with KRAS mutations versus wild-type colon adenocarcinoma. Moreover, likely characteristic imaging traits of mutant tumors make probabilistic word analysis useful in identifying unique characteristics and disease course, with applications ranging from radiology and pathology reports to clinical notes.
Statistics of Binary Exchange of Energy or Money
Authors: Bertotti Maria , Modanese Giovanni
Published: September 2017

Why does the Maxwell-Boltzmann energy distribution for an ideal classical gas have an exponentially thin tail at high energies, while the Kaniadakis distribution for a relativistic gas has a power-law fat tail? We argue that a crucial role is played by the kinematics of the binary collisions. In the classical case the probability of an energy exchange far from the average (i.e., close to 0% or 100%) is quite large, while in the extreme relativistic case it is small. We compare these properties with the concept of “saving propensity”, employed in econophysics to define the fraction of their money that individuals put at stake in economic interactions.
Life on the Edge: Latching Dynamics in a Potts Neural Network
Authors: Kang Chol , Naim Michelangelo , Boboeva Vezha , Treves Alessandro
Published: September 2017

We study latching dynamics in the adaptive Potts model network, through numerical simulations with randomly and also weakly correlated patterns, and we focus on comparing its slowly and fast adapting regimes. A measure, Q, is used to quantify the quality of latching in the phase space spanned by the number of Potts states S, the number of connections per Potts unit C and the number of stored memory patterns p. We find narrow regions, or bands in phase space, where distinct pattern retrieval and duration of latching combine to yield the highest values of Q. The bands are confined by the storage capacity curve, for large p, and by the onset of finite latching, for low p. Inside the band, in the slowly adapting regime, we observe complex structured dynamics, with transitions at high crossover between correlated memory patterns; while away from the band latching, transitions lose complexity in different ways: below, they are clear-cut but last such few steps as to span a transition matrix between states with few asymmetrical entries and limited entropy; while above, they tend to become random, with large entropy and bi-directional transition frequencies, but indistinguishable from noise. Extrapolating from the simulations, the band appears to scale almost quadratically in the p–S plane, and sublinearly in p–C. In the fast adapting regime, the band scales similarly, and it can be made even wider and more robust, but transitions between anti-correlated patterns dominate latching dynamics. This suggest that slow and fast adaptation have to be integrated in a scenario for viable latching in a cortical system. The results for the slowly adapting regime, obtained with randomly correlated patterns, remain valid also for the case with correlated patterns, with just a simple shift in phase space.
Molecular Heat Engines: Quantum Coherence Effects
Authors: Chen Feng , Gao Yi , Galperin Michael
Published: September 2017

Recent developments in nanoscale experimental techniques made it possible to utilize single molecule junctions as devices for electronics and energy transfer with quantum coherence playing an important role in their thermoelectric characteristics. Theoretical studies on the efficiency of nanoscale devices usually employ rate (Pauli) equations, which do not account for quantum coherence. Therefore, the question whether quantum coherence could improve the efficiency of a molecular device cannot be fully addressed within such considerations. Here, we employ a nonequilibrium Green function approach to study the effects of quantum coherence and dephasing on the thermoelectric performance of molecular heat engines. Within a generic bichromophoric donor-bridge-acceptor junction model, we show that quantum coherence may increase efficiency compared to quasi-classical (rate equation) predictions and that pure dephasing and dissipation destroy this effect.
Magnetron Sputter Epitaxy of High-Quality GaN Nanorods on Functional and Cost-Effective Templates/Substrates
Authors: Serban Elena , Palisaitis Justinas , Junaid Muhammad , Tengdelius Lina , Högberg Hans , Hultman Lars , Persson Per , Birch Jens , Hsiao Ching-Lien
Published: September 2017

We demonstrate the versatility of magnetron sputter epitaxy by achieving high-quality GaN nanorods on different substrate/template combinations, specifically Si, SiC, TiN/Si, ZrB2/Si, ZrB2/SiC, Mo, and Ti. Growth temperature was optimized on Si, TiN/Si, and ZrB2/Si, resulting in increased nanorod aspect ratio with temperature. All nanorods exhibit high purity and quality, proved by the strong bandedge emission recorded with cathodoluminescence spectroscopy at room temperature as well as transmission electron microscopy. These substrates/templates are affordable compared to many conventional substrates, and the direct deposition onto them eliminates cumbersome post-processing steps in device fabrication. Thus, magnetron sputter epitaxy offers an attractive alternative for simple and affordable fabrication in optoelectronic device technology.
Automated Energy Scheduling Algorithms for Residential Demand Response Systems
Authors: Park Laihyuk , Jang Yongwoon , Bae Hyoungchel , Lee Juho , Park Chang , Cho Sungrae 
Published: September 2017

Demand response technology is a key technology for distributing electricity tasks in response to electricity prices in a smart grid system. In the current demand response research, there has been much demand for an automated energy scheduling scheme that uses smart devices for residential customers in the smart grid. In this paper, two automated energy scheduling schemes are proposed for residential smart grid demand response systems: semi-automated scheduling and fully-automated scheduling. If it is possible to set the appliance preference, semi-automated scheduling will be conducted, and if it is impossible, fully-automated scheduling will be operated. The formulated optimization problems consider the electricity bill along with the user convenience. For the fully-automated scheduling, the appliance preference can automatically be found according to appliance type from the electricity consumption statistics. A performance evaluation validates that the proposed scheme shifts operation to avoid peak load, that the electricity bill is significantly reduced, and that user convenience is satisfied.
Experimental Validation of the Simulation Model of a DOAS Equipped with a Desiccant Wheel and a Vapor Compression Refrigeration System
Authors: Martínez Pedro , Llorca Carlos , Pla José , Martínez Pedro
Published: September 2017

A dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) can be designed to supply 100% of the outside air and meet the latent load of the room with dry air. The objectives of this study were to develop a model of a DOAS equipped with a desiccant wheel and a vapor-compression refrigeration system, build a prototype, validate the model with experimental data, and gain knowledge about the system operation. The test facility was designed with the desiccant wheel downstream of the cooling coil to take advantage of the operating principles of cooling coils and desiccants. A model of the DOAS was developed in the TRNSYS environment. The root mean standard error (RMSE) was used for model validation by comparing the measured air and refrigerant properties with the corresponding calculated values. The results obtained with the developed model showed that the DOAS was able to maintain an indoor humidity ratio depending on outdoor conditions. Laboratory tests were also used to investigate the effect of changes in the regeneration air temperature and the process airflow rate on the process air humidity ratio at the outlet of the wheel. The results are consistent with the technical literature.
Exploring Everyday Energy Usage Practices in Australian Households: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Hobman Elizabeth , Stenner Karen , Frederiks Elisha
Published: September 2017

In recent years, energy conservation research has identified a number of household actions that have the potential to drive significant reductions in carbon emissions in the near-term, without requiring substantial changes to householders’ lifestyles or imposing significant financial costs. In this qualitative study, we investigate the potential of some of these actions for behavioral modification by asking householders to reveal the reasons why they perform (or fail to perform) such actions. As part of a telephone survey, a sample of customers (n = 1541) from an Australian energy retailer were asked about their reasons for engaging in specific energy usage practices in one of five household domains: laundry, kitchen, bathroom, space heating/cooling or general appliance usage. Qualitative analyses of participants’ open-ended responses revealed that practices in the laundry and kitchen appear to hold the greatest promise for behavioral change, whereas practices in the shower may be more challenging to modify. Integrating our findings with current psychological and sociological knowledge, we present a range of possibilities for future behavior change interventions at the practice-level.
A Personalized Rolling Optimal Charging Schedule for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Statistical Energy Demand Analysis and Heuristic Algorithm
Authors: Kong Fanrong , Jiang Jianhui , Ding Zhigang , Hu Junjie , Guo Weian , Wang Lei
Published: September 2017

To alleviate the emission of greenhouse gas and the dependence on fossil fuel, Plug-in Hybrid Electrical Vehicles (PHEVs) have gained an increasing popularity in current decades. Due to the fluctuating electricity prices in the power market, a charging schedule is very influential to driving cost. Although the next-day electricity prices can be obtained in a day-ahead power market, a driving plan is not easily made in advance. Although PHEV owners can input a next-day plan into a charging system, e.g., aggregators, day-ahead, it is a very trivial task to do everyday. Moreover, the driving plan may not be very accurate. To address this problem, in this paper, we analyze energy demands according to a PHEV owner’s historical driving records and build a personalized statistic driving model. Based on the model and the electricity spot prices, a rolling optimization strategy is proposed to help make a charging decision in the current time slot. On one hand, by employing a heuristic algorithm, the schedule is made according to the situations in the following time slots. On the other hand, however, after the current time slot, the schedule will be remade according to the next tens of time slots. Hence, the schedule is made by a dynamic rolling optimization, but it only decides the charging decision in the current time slot. In this way, the fluctuation of electricity prices and driving routine are both involved in the scheduling. Moreover, it is not necessary for PHEV owners to input a day-ahead driving plan. By the optimization simulation, the results demonstrate that the proposed method is feasible to help owners save charging costs and also meet requirements for driving.
Multi-Objective Optimization of the Hydrodynamic Performance of the Second Stage of a Multi-Phase Pump
Authors: Suh Jun-Won , Kim Jin-Woo , Choi Young-Seok , Kim Jin-Hyuk , Joo Won-Gu , Lee Kyoung-Yong
Published: September 2017

Most multi-phase pumps used in crude oil production have been developed to satisfy certain pressure specifications. In the design of these pumps, the flow characteristics of the posterior stage are different from those of the prior stage. For this reason, the design of the second stage needs to be supplemented. To optimize performance in this stage, multi-objective optimization to simultaneously increase pressure and efficiency is reported in this article. Flow analyses of the single and multiple phases of the multi-phase pump were conducted by solving three-dimensional steady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. For the numerical optimization, two design variables related to the blade inlet angle were selected. The impeller and the diffuser blades were optimized using a systematic optimization technique combined with a central composite method and a hybrid multi-objective evolutionary algorithm coupled with a surrogate model. The selected optimal model yielded better hydrodynamic performance than the base model, and reasons for this are investigated through internal flow field analysis.
Future Intelligent Systems and Networks
Authors: De-Pablos-Heredero Carmen
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this Special Issue is to collect current developments and future directions of Future Intelligent Systems and Networks.[...]
Association between Functional Movements Skills and Health Indicators in Children Aged between 9 and 12 Years Old
Authors: Comeau Megan , Bouchard Danielle , Levesque Cindy , Jonhson Michel , Rioux Brittany , Mayo Andrea , Sénéchal Martin
Published: September 2017

Background: Children’s health is a current concern and data suggests that poor fundamental movement skills (FMS) could be associated with poor health, which may or may not be mediated by low physical activity level. However, tools to assess FMS have not been standardized, and could consequently lead to different associations between FMS and health indicators. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the associations between FMS and health indicators using two different FMS measurement tools often used in Canada. Methods: A total of 145 children between the ages of 9 to 12 were recruited from schools, after school programs, and summer camps in 2016. FMS were evaluated using the Passport for Life (bound, plank, run, kick, throw) and the PLAYbasic (run, hop, throw, kick, and balance). The association between each test and an average score for each tool were tests with health indicators including anthropometric measures, grip strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and percent body fat. Results: Participants were composed of 54.2% boys aged 10.4 ± 1.2 years with an average body mass index of 18.8 ± 3.8 kg/m2. The association between the average score of both tools was 0.77 (p < 0.01), body mass index was significantly associated with 67% of FMS elements using the Passport for Life (r ranging from −0.18 to −0.32; p < 0.05), and 60% of FMS using the PLAYbasic (r ranging from −0.15 to −0.30; p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the associations of the health indicators with FMS and either FMS assessment tool (Passport for Life and PLAYbasic) (p = 0.05). Average score of FMS was significantly associated with all health indicators using both PLAYbasic and Passport for Life (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Health indicators in children are associated with FMS regardless of whether the Passport for Life or the PLAYbasic was used as the assessment tool. It is worth investigating if interventions that improve FMS lead to improvements in these health indicators.
Spatial Distribution and Fuzzy Health Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in Surface Water from Honghu Lake
Authors: Li Fei , Qiu Zhenzhen , Zhang Jingdong , Liu Chaoyang , Cai Ying , Xiao Minsi
Published: September 2017

Previous studies revealed that Honghu Lake was polluted by trace elements due to anthropogenic activities. This study investigated the spatial distribution of trace elements in Honghu Lake, and identified the major pollutants and control areas based on the fuzzy health risk assessment at screening level. The mean total content of trace elements in surface water decreased in the order of Zn (18.04 μg/L) > Pb (3.42 μg/L) > Cu (3.09 μg/L) > Cr (1.63 μg/L) > As (0.99 μg/L) > Cd (0.14 μg/L), within limits of Drinking Water Guidelines. The results of fuzzy health risk assessment indicated that there was no obvious non-carcinogenic risk to human health, while carcinogenic risk was observed in descending order of As > Cr > Cd > Pb. As was regarded to have the highest carcinogenic risk among selected trace elements because it generally accounted for 64% of integrated carcinogenic risk. Potential carcinogenic risk of trace elements in each sampling site was approximately at medium risk level (10−5 to 10−4). The areas in the south (S4, S13, and S16) and northeast (S8, S18, and S19) of Honghu Lake were regarded as the risk priority control areas. However, the corresponding maximum memberships of integrated carcinogenic risk in S1, S3, S10–S13, S15, and S18 were of relatively low credibility (50–60%), and may mislead the decision-makers in identifying the risk priority areas. Results of fuzzy assessment presented the subordinate grade and corresponding reliability of risk, and provided more full-scale results for decision-makers, which made up for the deficiency of certainty assessment to a certain extent.
Barriers to Effective Municipal Solid Waste Management in a Rapidly Urbanizing Area in Thailand
Authors: Yukalang Nachalida , Clarke Beverley , Ross Kirstin
Published: September 2017

This study focused on determining the barriers to effective municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in a rapidly urbanizing area in Thailand. The Tha Khon Yang Subdistrict Municipality is a representative example of many local governments in Thailand that have been facing MSWM issues. In-depth interviews with individuals and focus groups were conducted with key informants including the municipality staff, residents, and external organizations. The major influences affecting waste management were categorized into six areas: social-cultural, technical, financial, organizational, and legal-political barriers and population growth. SWOT analysis shows both internal and external factors are playing a role in MSWM: There is good policy and a reasonably sufficient budget. However, there is insufficient infrastructure, weak strategic planning, registration, staff capacity, information systems, engagement with programs; and unorganized waste management and fee collection systems. The location of flood prone areas has impacted on location and operation of landfill sites. There is also poor communication between the municipality and residents and a lack of participation in waste separation programs. However, external support from government and the nearby university could provide opportunities to improve the situation. These findings will help inform municipal decision makers, leading to better municipal solid waste management in newly urbanized areas.
Spatial Orientation Skill Improvement with Geospatial Applications: Report of a Multi-Year Study
Authors: Carbonell-Carrera Carlos , Hess Medler Stephany
Published: September 2017

There are several competences and spatial skills to be acquired by the student related to the treatment of geo-information in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines. Spatial orientation is the spatial skill related to the use of georeferenced information, and geospatial applications (on-line map interfaces) such as the spatial data infrastructure offer a great opportunity for development of this skill. In this report we present several experiments, carried out over five academic years with 559 university students, to improve the spatial orientation skill of the students. Survey learning and wayfinding activities were conducted. First- and second-year university students performed the experiments on a PC and also used digital tablet support. The statistical analysis showed that the students improved their spatial orientation skill with a range from 12.90 (minimum) to 19.21 (maximum) measured with the Perspective Taking Spatial Orientation Test, regardless of the academic year, the hardware (PC or Tablet-PC), or the orientation strategy (survey learning or wayfinding). The second year students improved more than those in their first year. The methodologies employed could be developed by teachers or researchers, and the results presented could be taken as a reference for comparisons in future research in the field of strategy planning with geospatial applications and location-based tools for spatial orientation skill improvement in education.
Tongue Sole CD209: A Pattern-Recognition Receptor that Binds a Broad Range of Microbes and Promotes Phagocytosis
Authors: Jiang Shuai , Sun Li
Published: September 2017

CD209 is an immune receptor that plays an important role in the initiation of innate immunity and activation of adaptive immunity in mammals. However, much less is known about the immunological function of CD209 in lower vertebrates. In the present study, we examined the immune effect of a CD209 homologue (CsCD209) from the teleost fish tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis. CsCD209 possesses a lectin domain that shares high levels of similarity with the lectin domains of human and mouse CD209. CsCD209 expression was most abundant in kidney and blood and was significantly upregulated during bacterial infection. CsCD209 exhibited a subcellular localization mainly on the cell surface of myelomonocytes. Recombinant CsCD209 displayed apparent binding capacities to a broad range of bacteria and fungi, and significantly promoted the phagocytosis of the bound bacteria by C. semilaevis leukocytes. Collectively, the results indicate that teleost CD209 serves as a pattern recognition receptor that exerts an influence on the phagocytosis process during pathogen infections.