bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining mammary basal cell transcriptional states using single-cell RNA-sequencing
Authors: Gutierrez Guadalupe , Sun Peng , Han Yingying , Dai Xing
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer is a heterogenous disease that can be classified into multiple subtypes including the most aggressive basal-like and triple-negative subtypes. Understanding the heterogeneity within the normal mammary basal epithelial cells holds the key to inform us about basal-like cancer cell differentiation dynamics as well as potential cells of origin. Although it is known that the mammary basal compartment contains small pools of stem cells that fuel normal tissue morphogenesis and regeneration, a comprehensive yet focused analysis of the transcriptional makeup of the basal cells is lacking. We used single-cell RNA-sequencing and multiplexed RNA in-situ hybridization to characterize mammary basal cell heterogeneity. We used bioinformatic and computational pipelines to characterize the molecular features as well as predict differentiation dynamics and cell–cell communications of the newly identified basal cell states. We used genetic cell labeling to map the in vivo fates of cells in one of these states. We identified four major distinct transcriptional states within the mammary basal cells that exhibit gene expression signatures suggestive of different functional activity and metabolic preference. Our in vivo labeling and ex vivo organoid culture data suggest that one of these states, marked by Egr2 expression, represents a dynamic transcriptional state that all basal cells transit through during pubertal mammary morphogenesis. Our study provides a systematic approach to understanding the molecular heterogeneity of mammary basal cells and identifies previously unknown dynamics of basal cell transcriptional states.
Variation in volatile organic compounds in Atlantic salmon mucus is associated with resistance to salmon lice infection
Authors: Difford G. F. , Haugen J.-E. , Aslam M. L. , Johansen L. H. , Breiland M. W. , Hillestad B. , Baranski M. , Boison S. , Moghadam H. , Jacq C.
Published: March 2022

Salmon lice are ectoparasites that threaten wild and farmed salmonids. Artificial selection of salmon for resistance to the infectious copepodid lice stage currently relies on in vivo challenge trials on thousands of salmon a year. We challenged 5750 salmon with salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) from two distinct farmed strains of salmon in two separate trials. We found that volatile organic compounds (VOC), 1-penten-3-ol, 1-octen-3-ol and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one in the mucus of the salmon host after salmon lice infection, were significantly associated with lice infection numbers across a range of water temperatures (5 °C, 10 °C, 17 °C). Some VOCs (benzene, 1-octen-3-ol and 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-hexene) were significantly different between lines divergently selected for salmon lice resistance. In a combined population assessment, selected VOCs varied between families in the range of 47- 59% indicating a genetic component and were positively correlated to the salmon hosts estimated breeding values 0.59–0.74. Mucosal VOC phenotypes could supplement current breeding practices and have the potential to be a more direct and ethical proxy for salmon lice resistance provided they can be measured prior to lice infestation.
Neflamapimod induces vasodilation in resistance mesenteric arteries by inhibiting p38 MAPKα and downstream Hsp27 phosphorylation
Authors: Pandey Ajay K. , Zerin Farzana , Menon Sreelakshmi N. , Tithi Tanzia I. , Nguyen Khue P. , Vo Tran , Daniel Morgan L. , Hafez Sherif , Alam Md. Ashraful , Hasan Raquibul
Published: March 2022

Neflamapimod, a selective inhibitor of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase alpha (MAPKα), is under clinical investigation for its efficacy in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). Here, we investigated if neflamapimod-mediated acute inhibition of p38 MAPKα could induce vasodilation in resistance-size rat mesenteric arteries. Our pressure myography data demonstrated that neflamapimod produced a dose-dependent vasodilation in mesenteric arteries. Our Western blotting data revealed that acute neflamapimod treatment significantly reduced the phosphorylation of p38 MAPKα and its downstream target heat-shock protein 27 (Hsp27) involved in cytoskeletal reorganization and smooth muscle contraction. Likewise, non-selective inhibition of p38 MAPK by SB203580 attenuated p38 MAPKα and Hsp27 phosphorylation, and induced vasodilation. Endothelium denudation or pharmacological inhibition of endothelium-derived vasodilators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin (PGI2) had no effect on such vasodilation. Neflamapimod-evoked vasorelaxation remained unaltered by the inhibition of smooth muscle cell K+ channels. Altogether, our data for the first time demonstrates that in resistance mesenteric arteries, neflamapimod inhibits p38 MAPKα and phosphorylation of its downstream actin-associated protein Hsp27, leading to vasodilation. This novel finding may be clinically significant and is likely to improve systemic blood pressure and cognitive deficits in AD and DLB patients for which neflamapimod is being investigated.
Cost of postoperative sepsis in Vietnam
Authors: Bui My Hanh , Khuong Quynh Long , Le Phuong Anh , Nguyen The Anh , Doan Quoc Hung , Duong Tuan Duc , Pham Hoang Ha , Pham Thanh Viet , Tran Tien Hung , Nguyen Hong Ha , Tran Binh Giang , Duong Duc Hung , Dao Xuan Co , Du Hoang Gia , Dao Xuan Thanh , Nguyen Truong Son , Le Quang Cuong
Published: March 2022

Despite improvements in medical care, the burden of sepsis remains high. In this study, we evaluated the incremental cost associated with postoperative sepsis and the impact of postoperative sepsis on clinical outcomes among surgical patients in Vietnam. We used the national database that contained 1,241,893 surgical patients undergoing seven types of surgery. We controlled the balance between the groups of patients using propensity score matching method. Generalized gamma regression and logistic regression were utilized to estimate incremental cost, readmission, and reexamination associated with postoperative sepsis. The average incremental cost associated with postoperative sepsis was 724.1 USD (95% CI 553.7–891.7) for the 30 days after surgery, which is equivalent to 28.2% of the per capita GDP in Vietnam in 2018. The highest incremental cost was found in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery, at 2,897 USD (95% CI 530.7–5263.2). Postoperative sepsis increased patient odds of readmission (OR = 6.40; 95% CI 6.06–6.76), reexamination (OR = 1.67; 95% CI 1.58–1.76), and also associated with 4.9 days longer of hospital length of stay among surgical patients. Creating appropriate prevention strategies for postoperative sepsis is extremely important, not only to improve the quality of health care but also to save health financial resources each year.
Associations of actigraphy derived rest activity patterns and circadian phase with clinical symptoms and polysomnographic parameters in chronic insomnia disorders
Authors: Roh Hyun Woong , Choi Su Jung , Jo Hyunjin , Kim Dongyeop , Choi Jung-gu , Son Sang Joon , Joo Eun Yeon
Published: March 2022

We explored the associations of actigraphy-derived rest-activity patterns and circadian phase parameters with clinical symptoms and level 1 polysomnography (PSG) results in patients with chronic insomnia to evaluate the clinical implications of actigraphy-derived parameters for PSG interpretation. Seventy-five participants underwent actigraphy assessments and level 1 PSG. Exploratory correlation analyses between parameters derived from actigraphy, PSG, and clinical assessments were performed. First, participants were classified into two groups based on rest-activity pattern variables; group differences were investigated following covariate adjustment. Participants with poorer rest-activity patterns on actigraphy (low inter-day stability and high intra-daily variability) exhibited higher insomnia severity index scores than participants with better rest-activity patterns. No between-group differences in PSG parameters were observed. Second, participants were classified into two groups based on circadian phase variables. Late-phase participants (least active 5-h and most active 10-h onset times) exhibited higher insomnia severity scores, longer sleep and rapid eye movement latency, and lower apnea–hypopnea index than early-phase participants. These associations remained significant even after adjusting for potential covariates. Some actigraphy-derived rest-activity patterns and circadian phase parameters were significantly associated with clinical symptoms and PSG results, suggesting their possible adjunctive role in deriving plans for PSG lights-off time and assessing the possible insomnia pathophysiology.
Meta-analytical transdiagnostic neural correlates in common pediatric psychiatric disorders
Authors: Dugré Jules R. , Eickhoff Simon B. , Potvin Stéphane
Published: March 2022

In the last decades, neuroimaging studies have attempted to unveil the neurobiological markers underlying pediatric psychiatric disorders. Yet, the vast majority of neuroimaging studies still focus on a single nosological category, which limit our understanding of the shared/specific neural correlates between these disorders. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the transdiagnostic neural correlates through a novel and data-driven meta-analytical method. A data-driven meta-analysis was carried out which grouped similar experiments’ topographic map together, irrespectively of nosological categories and task-characteristics. Then, activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis was performed on each group of experiments to extract spatially convergent brain regions. One hundred forty-seven experiments were retrieved (3124 cases compared to 3100 controls): 79 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 32 conduct/oppositional defiant disorder, 14 anxiety disorders, 22 major depressive disorders. Four significant groups of experiments were observed. Functional characterization suggested that these groups of aberrant brain regions may be implicated internally/externally directed processes, attentional control of affect, somato-motor and visual processes. Furthermore, despite that some differences in rates of studies involving major depressive disorders were noticed, nosological categories were evenly distributed between these four sets of regions. Our results may reflect transdiagnostic neural correlates of pediatric psychiatric disorders, but also underscore the importance of studying pediatric psychiatric disorders simultaneously rather than independently to examine differences between disorders.
Genome wide study of cysteine rich receptor like proteins in Gossypium sp.
Authors: Hussain Athar , Asif Naila , Pirzada Abdul Rafay , Noureen Azka , Shaukat Javeria , Burhan Akif , Zaynab Madiha , Ali Ejaz , Imran Koukab , Ameen Ayesha , Mahmood Muhammad Arslan , Nazar Aquib , Mukhtar M. Shahid
Published: March 2022

Cysteine-rich receptor-like-kinases (CRKs), a transmembrane subfamily of receptor-like kinase, play crucial roles in plant adaptation. As such cotton is the major source of fiber for the textile industry, but environmental stresses are limiting its growth and production. Here, we have performed a deep computational analysis of CRKs in five Gossypium species, including G. arboreum (60 genes), G. raimondii (74 genes), G. herbaceum (65 genes), G. hirsutum (118 genes), and G. barbadense (120 genes). All identified CRKs were classified into 11 major classes and 43 subclasses with the finding of several novel CRK-associated domains including ALMT, FUSC_2, Cript, FYVE, and Pkinase. Of these, DUF26_DUF26_Pkinase_Tyr was common and had elevated expression under different biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, the 35 land plants comparison identified several new CRKs domain-architectures. Likewise, several SNPs and InDels were observed in CLCuD resistant G. hirsutum. The miRNA target side prediction and their expression profiling in different tissues predicted miR172 as a major CRK regulating miR. The expression profiling of CRKs identified multiple clusters with co-expression under certain stress conditions. The expression analysis under CLCuD highlighted the role of GhCRK057, GhCRK059, GhCRK058, and GhCRK081 in resistant accession. Overall, these results provided primary data for future potential functional analysis as well as a reference study for other agronomically important crops.
Tranexamic acid protects against implant-associated infection by reducing biofilm formation
Authors: Wang Jiahao , Zhang Zhen , Li Jingyi , Huang Biying , Jiang Zichao , Pan Yixiao , He Tailai , Hu Yihe , Wang Long
Published: March 2022

Perioperative administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) is thought to be related to decreased postoperative implant-associated infection rates; however, the relationship remains unclear. We explored the inhibitory effect of TXA on infection both in vitro and in vivo. We investigated biofilm formation after TXA administration through different detection methods, all of which showed that TXA reduces biofilm formation in vitro and was further proven to be associated with decreased protein and polysaccharide contents in biofilms. We observed decreased biofilm on implants and decreased bacteria in the infection area with strengthened neutrophil accumulation in the mouse implant-associated infection model. Our results suggest that TXA protects against implant-associated infection by reducing biofilm formation in infected tissues.
Anti-CD80/86 antibodies inhibit inflammatory reaction and improve graft survival in a high-risk murine corneal transplantation rejection model
Authors: Zhu Jun , Inomata Takenori , Nakamura Masahiro , Fujimoto Keiichi , Akasaki Yasutsugu , Fujio Kenta , Yanagawa Ai , Uchida Koichiro , Sung Jaemyoung , Negishi Naoko , Nagino Ken , Okumura Yuichi , Miura Maria , Shokirova Hurramhon , Kuwahara Mizu , Hirosawa Kunihiko , Midorikawa-Inomata Akie , Eguchi Atsuko , Huang Tianxiang , Yagita Hideo , Habu Sonoko , Okumura Ko , Murakami Akira
Published: March 2022

We investigated the effects of anti-CD80/86 antibodies in a murine high-risk corneal transplantation rejection model. A mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay was conducted with anti-CD80/86 antibodies. Inflammatory cytokine levels in the culture supernatant were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Interferon (IFN)-γ-producing CD4+ T cell frequencies in the MLR were assessed using flow cytometry. In vivo, high-risk corneal allograft survival and IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cell frequencies in corneal grafts were assessed with intraperitoneal injection of anti-CD80/86 antibodies compared to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). RNA-sequencing was performed on corneal grafts 2 weeks post-transplantation. Anti-CD80/86 antibodies significantly decreased T-cell proliferation, IFN-γ+-producing CD4+ T cell frequencies, and IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α production in the MLR compared to PBS injection. Intraperitoneal injection of anti-CD80/86 antibodies significantly prolonged corneal graft survival and decreased IFN-γ+-producing CD4+ T cell frequencies compared to PBS injection. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that the gene sets mainly enriched in the control group were related to allograft rejection and inflammatory response compared to PBS injection. Anti-CD80/86 antibodies significantly prolonged corneal graft survival by inhibiting T-cell proliferation and inflammatory response.
Changes in blood Krebs von den Lungen-6 predict the mortality of patients with acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease
Authors: Choi Myeong Geun , Choi Sun Mi , Lee Jae Ha , Yoon Jung-Ki , Song Jin Woo
Published: March 2022

Acute exacerbation (AE) significantly affects the prognosis of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). This study aimed to investigate the best prognostic biomarker for patients with AE-ILD. Clinical data obtained during hospitalization were retrospectively analyzed for 96 patients with AE-ILD at three tertiary hospitals. The mean age of all subjects was 70.1 years; the percentage of males was 66.7%. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis accounted for 60.4% of the cases. During follow-up (median: 88 days), in-hospital mortality was 24%. Non-survivors had higher lactate dehydrogenase and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, lower ratio of partial pressure of oxygen to the fraction of inspiratory oxygen (P/F ratio), and higher relative change in Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) levels over 1 week after hospitalization than survivors. In multivariable analysis adjusted by age, the 1-week change in KL-6—along with baseline P/F ratio and CRP levels—was an independent prognostic factor for in-hospital mortality (odds ratio 1.094, P = 0.025). Patients with remarkable increase in KL-6 (≥ 10%) showed significantly worse survival (in-hospital mortality: 63.2 vs. 6.1%) than those without. In addition to baseline CRP and P/F ratio, the relative changes in KL-6 over 1 week after hospitalization might be useful for predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with AE-ILD.
Spidroin striped micropattern promotes chondrogenic differentiation of human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Barlian Anggraini , Saputri Dinda Hani’ah Arum , Hernando Adriel , Khoirinaya Candrani , Prajatelistia Ekavianty , Tanoto Hutomo
Published: March 2022

Cartilage tissue engineering, particularly micropattern, can influence the biophysical properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) leading to chondrogenesis. In this research, human Wharton’s jelly MSCs (hWJ-MSCs) were grown on a striped micropattern containing spider silk protein (spidroin) from Argiope appensa. This research aims to direct hWJ-MSCs chondrogenesis using micropattern made of spidroin bioink as opposed to fibronectin that often used as the gold standard. Cells were cultured on striped micropattern of 500 µm and 1000 µm width sizes without chondrogenic differentiation medium for 21 days. The immunocytochemistry result showed that spidroin contains RGD sequences and facilitates cell adhesion via integrin β1. Chondrogenesis was observed through the expression of glycosaminoglycan, type II collagen, and SOX9. The result on glycosaminoglycan content proved that 1000 µm was the optimal width to support chondrogenesis. Spidroin micropattern induced significantly higher expression of SOX9 mRNA on day-21 and SOX9 protein was located inside the nucleus starting from day-7. COL2A1 mRNA of spidroin micropattern groups was downregulated on day-21 and collagen type II protein was detected starting from day-14. These results showed that spidroin micropattern enhances chondrogenic markers while maintains long-term upregulation of SOX9, and therefore has the potential as a new method for cartilage tissue engineering.
Interneuron function and cognitive behavior are preserved upon postnatal removal of Lhx6
Authors: Voss Lars , Bartos Marlene , Elgueta Claudio , Sauer Jonas-Frederic
Published: March 2022

LIM homeobox domain transcription factor 6 (Lhx6) is crucial for the prenatal specification and differentiation of hippocampal GABAergic interneuron precursors. Interestingly, Lhx6 remains to be expressed in parvalbumin-positive hippocampal interneurons (PVIs) long after specification and differentiation have been completed, the functional implications of which remain elusive. We addressed the role of adult-expressed Lhx6 in the hippocampus by knocking down Lhx6 in adult mice (> 8 weeks old) using viral or transgenic expression of Cre-recombinase in Lhx6loxP/loxP mice. Late removal of Lhx6 did not affect the number of PVIs and had no impact on the morphological and physiological properties of PVIs. Furthermore, mice lacking Lhx6 in PVIs displayed normal cognitive behavior. Loss of Lhx6 only partially reduced the expression of Sox6 and Arx, downstream transcription factors that depend on Lhx6 during embryonic development of PVIs. Our data thus suggest that while Lhx6 is vitally important to drive interneuron transcriptional networks during early development, it becomes uncoupled from downstream effectors during postnatal life.
The downsizing of gigantic scales and large cells in the genus Mallomonas (Synurales, Chrysophyceae)
Authors: Siver Peter A.
Published: March 2022

Mallomonas is the largest and most speciose genus within the Synurales, a monophyletic clade of siliceous scale-bearing organisms within the class Chrysophyceae. The genus consists of unicellular, motile, photosynthetic organisms found in freshwater localities worldwide. Mallomonas diverged from other synurophytes during the lower Cretaceous at approximately 130 Ma. Recent discoveries of fossil species were used to examine shifts in scale and cell size over geologic time. On average, scales of fossil species were 2.5 times larger than those produced by modern species. However, a smaller subset of extinct fossil taxa lacking modern analogs had scales over four times larger than modern species, and the largest recorded specimens were six times larger. Data from modern species were further used to develop a model relating scale size to cell size, and applied to the fossil specimens. Based on the model, the mean size of fossil cells was almost twice as long and 50% wider compared to modern species, and cells of taxa lacking modern analogs close to three times as large. These large cells, covered with robust siliceous scales, were likely slow swimmers requiring significant energy to maintain their position in the water column, and possibly prone to increased predation.
The effects of gravity and compression on interstitial fluid transport in the lower limb
Authors: Baish James W. , Padera Timothy P. , Munn Lance L.
Published: March 2022

Edema in the limbs can arise from pathologies such as elevated capillary pressures due to failure of venous valves, elevated capillary permeability from local inflammation, and insufficient fluid clearance by the lymphatic system. The most common treatments include elevation of the limb, compression wraps and manual lymphatic drainage therapy. To better understand these clinical situations, we have developed a comprehensive model of the solid and fluid mechanics of a lower limb that includes the effects of gravity. The local fluid balance in the interstitial space includes a source from the capillaries, a sink due to lymphatic clearance, and movement through the interstitial space due to both gravity and gradients in interstitial fluid pressure (IFP). From dimensional analysis and numerical solutions of the governing equations we have identified several parameter groups that determine the essential length and time scales involved. We find that gravity can have dramatic effects on the fluid balance in the limb with the possibility that a positive feedback loop can develop that facilitates chronic edema. This process involves localized tissue swelling which increases the hydraulic conductivity, thus allowing the movement of interstitial fluid vertically throughout the limb due to gravity and causing further swelling. The presence of a compression wrap can interrupt this feedback loop. We find that only by modeling the complex interplay between the solid and fluid mechanics can we adequately investigate edema development and treatment in a gravity dependent limb.
Metagenomic mining and structure-function studies of a hyper-thermostable cellobiohydrolase from hot spring sediment
Authors: Takeda Migiwa , Baba Seiki , Okuma Jiro , Hirose Yoshitsugu , Nishimura Asuka , Takata Masaki , Oda Kohei , Shibata Daisuke , Kumasaka Takashi , Kondo Yasuhiro
Published: March 2022

Enzymatic breakdown is an attractive cellulose utilisation method with a low environmental load. Its high temperature operation could promote saccharification and lower contamination risk. Here we report a hyper-thermostable cellobiohydrolase (CBH), named HmCel6A and its variant HmCel6A-3SNP that were isolated metagenomically from hot spring sediments and expressed in Escherichia coli. They are classified into glycoside hydrolases family 6 (GH6). HmCel6A-3SNP had three amino acid replacements to HmCel6A (P88S/L230F/F414S) and the optimum temperature at 95 °C, while HmCel6A did it at 75 °C. Crystal structure showed conserved features among GH6, a (β/α)8-barrel core and catalytic residues, and resembles TfCel6B, a bacterial CBH II of Thermobifida fusca, that had optimum temperature at 60 °C. From structure-function studies, we discuss unique structural features that allow the enzyme to reach its high thermostability level, such as abundance of hydrophobic and charge-charge interactions, characteristic metal bindings and disulphide bonds. Moreover, structure and surface plasmon resonance analysis with oligosaccharides suggested that the contribution of an additional tryptophan located at the tunnel entrance could aid in substrate recognition and thermostability. These results may help to design efficient enzymes and saccharification methods for cellulose working at high temperatures.
Articulation inspired by nature: a review of biomimetic and biologically active 3D printed scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering
Authors: O'Shea Donagh G. , Curtin Caroline M. , O'Brien Fergal J.
Published: March 2022

The tissue engineering triad of biomaterials, cells and therapeutics as it applies to the formulation of biomimetic bioinks for cartilage repair. These bioinks can be functionalised with cells or cellular therapeutics to promote cartilage repair.
Fabrication and characterization of a pro-angiogenic hydrogel derived from the human placenta
Authors: Chao Ning-Ning , Li Jia-Le , Ding Wei , Qin Ting-Wu , Zhang Yi , Xie Hui-Qi , Luo Jing-Cong
Published: March 2022

An injectable thermosensitive human placenta hydrogel with biocompatibility and pro-angiogenic potential was prepared and characterized.
Excited-state properties of organic semiconductor dyes as electrically pumped lasing candidates from new optimally tuned range-separated models
Authors: Alipour Mojtaba , Damiri Samaneh
Published: March 2022

New optimally tuned range-separated models are proposed for describing the excited-states characteristics of experimentally known and theoretically designed compounds in electrically pumped organic semiconductor laser diodes.
Computational screening of functionalized MXenes to catalyze the solid and non-solid conversion reactions in cathodes of lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhang Lirong , Zhang Wenhui , Ma Xinzhi , Zhang Xitian , Wen Jing
Published: March 2022

Using density functional theory calculations, we proposed a procedure to screen catalytic hosts for solid and non-solid reactions of Li2S by employing the available functionalized Ti3C2T2 MXenes (T = H, O, F, S, Cl, Se, Te, Br, OH, and NH).
Energy decomposition analysis of cationic carbene analogues with group 13 and 16 elements as a central atom: a comparative study
Authors: Li Tsung-Lung , Lu Wen-Cai
Published: March 2022

Energy decomposition analyses of cationic carbene analogues with group 13 and 16 elements are compared for extended transition state-natural orbital for chemical valence (ETS-NOCV) and natural energy decomposition analysis (NEDA) schemes.
The contribution of new particle formation and subsequent growth to haze formation
Authors: Kulmala Markku , Cai Runlong , Stolzenburg Dominik , Zhou Ying , Dada Lubna , Guo Yishuo , Yan Chao , Petäjä Tuukka , Jiang Jingkun , Kerminen Veli-Matti
Published: March 2022

We investigated the contribution of atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) and subsequent growth of the newly formed particles, characterized by high concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5).
Interface rich CuO/Al2CuO4 surface for selective ethylene production from electrochemical CO2 conversion
Authors: Sultan Siraj , Lee Hojeong , Park Sojung , Kim Minho M. , Yoon Aram , Choi Hansaem , Kong Tae-Hoon , Koe Young-Jin , Oh Hyung-Suk , Lee Zonghoon , Kim Hyungjun , Kim Wooyul , Kwon Youngkook
Published: March 2022

In this work, we designed a novel CuO/Al2CuO4 catalyst by a phase and interphase engineering approach, which enables the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to ethylene with ultrahigh activity and selectivity.
Experimental determination of the lateral resolution of surface electric potential measurements by Kelvin probe force microscopy using biased electrodes separated by a nanoscale gap and application to thin-film transistors
Authors: Brouillard Mélanie , Bercu Nicolas , Zschieschang Ute , Simonetti Olivier , Mittapalli Rakesh , Klauk Hagen , Giraudet Louis
Published: March 2022

The lateral resolution of a double-pass Kelvin probe force microscopy system is estimated using 12 nm gap electrodes. The electric fields at the source contact of organic thin film transistors fabricated by stencil or e-beam lithography are compared.
Targeting of gallbladder megalin receptors with DHA-conjugated limonene albumin nanoparticles
Authors: Zou Ya , Zhou Zishuo , Yin Shanmei , Huang Chengyuan , Tang Hesong , Yin Zongning
Published: March 2022

Gallbladder stones are a major pathogenic factor leading to cholecystitis, and it is increasingly important to explore innovative drug delivery methods for gallstones.
Anisotropic silica coating on gold nanorods boosts their potential as SERS sensors
Authors: Meyer Sean M. , Murphy Catherine J.
Published: March 2022

Coating gold nanorods with mesoporous silica selectively at the tips boosts their ability to produce a SERS signal with methylene blue compared to coating with a complete shell.
Efficient and ecofriendly cellulose-supported MIL-100(Fe) for wastewater treatment
Authors: Taherzade Seyed Dariush , Abbasichaleshtori Mehrnaz , Soleimannejad Janet
Published: March 2022

In this manuscript, the successful utilization of an improved cellulose-supported MOF, MIL-100(Fe)@CMC, for the adsorption of lorazepam is reported.
Combing a double helix
Authors: Plumb-Reyes Thomas B. , Charles Nicholas , Mahadevan L.
Published: March 2022

Combing hair involves brushing away the topological tangles in a collective curl, or bundle of interacting filaments. A minimal model of this can be studied in the context of combing a double helix using a single tine, as shown experimentally and numerically.
Deposition parameters and Raman crystal orientation measurements of ceria thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis
Authors: Simons Philipp , Torres Kierstin P. , Rupp Jennifer L. M.
Published: March 2022

Ceria thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis show a strong preferential 〈200〉 orientation after annealing corresponding to the {100} facet of high catalytic activity. This texture correlates with an unusually strong blue shift of the Raman F2g peak.
Recent advances in the development and applications of conjugated polymer dots
Authors: Wu Yuyang , Shi Chenyang , Wang Guangbin , Sun Hang , Yin Shengyan
Published: March 2022

This review summarizes the recent advances in conjugated polymer dots (Pdots), including their fabrication and property manipulation, as well as application in biomedical imaging, sensing and therapy.
Efficient NIR-to-vis photon upconversion in binary rubrene films deposited by simplified thermal evaporation
Authors: Radiunas Edvinas , Naimovičius Lukas , Raišys Steponas , Jozeliūnaitė Augustina , Orentas Edvinas , Kazlauskas Karolis
Published: March 2022

Simplified thermal evaporation of rubrene in an inert atmosphere is demonstrated to alter the morphology of photon upconverting (UC) films, and subsequently ramp their NIR-to-vis UC quantum yield up to a record value of 1.2% (out of maximum 50%).
Bone-targeted ICG/Cyt c@ZZF-8 nanoparticles based on the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8: a new synergistic photodynamic and protein therapy for bone metastasis
Authors: Jiang Zichao , Pan Yixiao , Wang Jiahao , Li Jingyi , Yang Haoze , Guo Qi , Liang Shuailong , Chen Sijie , Hu Yihe , Wang Long
Published: March 2022

Schematic diagram of (a) the synthesis of ICG/Cyt c@ZZF-8@PVP NPs and (b) the application of ICG/Cyc t@ZZF-8@PVP for bone-targeting synergistic therapy in mice.
Understanding PEDOT doped with tosylate
Authors: Evans Drew R.
Published: March 2022

The conducting polymer of PEDOT doped with tosylate has properties and behaviour making it interesting for use in conformable electronic devices. Understanding this material is of research interest.
Absolute 13C nuclear magnetic shielding of simple isolated molecules from gas phase measurements
Authors: Makulski Włodzimierz
Published: March 2022

The new experimental value of 13C absolute shielding constant in an isolated 13CO molecule was evaluated from the 13C and 3He gas phase NMR measurements performed for 3He/13CO mixtures.
Amorphous CoSx decorated Cd0.5Zn0.5S with a bulk-twinned homojunction for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Tian Jingzhuo , Xue Wenhua , Li Meixin , Sun Tao , Hu Xiaoyun , Fan Jun , Liu Enzhou
Published: March 2022

Amorphous CoSx was combined with Twinned-Cd0.5Zn0.5S to construct homo-heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution. This work provides new ideas for constructing noble metal-free photocatalyst with homo-heterojunction.
Recent advances in the applications of nanozymes for the efficient detection/removal of organic pollutants: a review
Authors: Liu Qi , Zhu Xu , Zhong Linrui , Zhang Shoujuan , Luo Xiaozhe , Liu Qian , Tang Lin , Lu Yue
Published: March 2022

Recent advances in the applications of nanozymes for the efficient detection/removal of organic pollutants.
Synergistic enhanced NH3-sensing of SnS via Ti3C2Tx-oriented vertical growth and oxygen-containing functional group regulation
Authors: Yuxiang Qin , Jing Xie , Yinan Bai
Published: March 2022

Stannous sulfide (SnS) is a promising candidate for gas sensing applications due to its unique two-dimensional (2D) puckered monolayer and response capability at room temperature (25 °C).
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with hybrid variable selection for the prediction of the environmental risk Nemerow index of heavy metals in oily sludge
Authors: Li Maogang , Fu Han , Du Yao , Huang Xuan , Zhang Tianlong , Tang Hongsheng , Li Hua
Published: March 2022

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with hybrid variable selection for the prediction of the environmental risk Nemerow index of heavy metals in oily sludge.
Small-scale soft grippers with environmentally responsive logic gates
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Wu Ya , Li Yan , Jiang He , Yang Qinglin , Wang Zichao , Liu Jiahao , Wang Yang , Fan Xiaodong , Kong Jie
Published: March 2022

Small-scale soft grippers performing logical operations can be fabricated by assembling many modular blocks of stimuli-responsive hydrogels, without electronics, external control, or tethering.
A novel CoNi7O8/MnO2 nanocomposite supported on Ni foam as a peroxymonosulfate activator for the highly efficient singlet oxygen mediated removal of methylene blue
Authors: Wang Jiankang , Peng Rong , Chen Kui , Wang Yajing , Xie Taiping , Zhu Quanxi , Peng Yuan , Liu Songli , Yao Zhongping
Published: March 2022

Novel CoNi7O8/MnO2 supported on Ni foam presented excellent catalytic activity toward PMS activation, with 100% MB removal achieved within 15 min.
Revealing the impact of strain in the optical properties of bubbles in monolayer MoSe2
Authors: Covre F. S. , Faria P. E. , Gordo V. O. , de Brito C. Serati , Zhumagulov Y. V. , Teodoro M. D. , Couto O. D. D. , Misoguti L. , Pratavieira S. , Andrade M. B. , Christianen P. C. M. , Fabian J. , Withers F. , Galvão Gobato Y.
Published: March 2022

We have investigated the optical properties of strained MoSe2 monolayer bubbles at low temperature. We have observed a red-shift of the exciton and trion emissions, a reduction of the trion binding energy and an enhancement of the valley g-factors.
Thermal and electrical cross-plane conductivity at the nanoscale in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):trifluoromethanesulfonate thin films
Authors: Kondratenko Kirill , Guérin David , Wallart Xavier , Lenfant Stéphane , Vuillaume Dominique
Published: March 2022

Correlation between cross-plane thermal and electrical transport in PEDOT:OTf is explored for samples with electrical conductivity modulated by chemical reduction.
Heteroaryl sulfonamide synthesis: scope and limitations
Authors: Iakovenko Roman O. , Chrenko Daniel , Kristek Jozef , Desmedt Eline , Zálešák František , De Vleeschouwer Freija , Pospíšil Jiří
Published: March 2022

A short and efficient protocol to previously inaccessible N-substituted and N,N-disubstituted heteroaryl sulfonamides was developed and the scope and limitations were established.
A robust platform to construct molecular patchy particles with a pentiptycene skeleton toward controlled mesoscale structures
Authors: Xu Wei , Wang Yicong , Guo Qing-Yun , Wang Xiaoteng , Liu Yuchu , Bian Feng-Gang , Yan Xiao-Yun , Ni Bo , Cheng Stephen Z. D.
Published: March 2022

A new pentiptycene skeleton with orthogonally reactive sites and inherent D2h-symmetry to construct molecular pathy particles toward mesoscale structures.
The mechanism of ligand-induced chiral transmission through a top-down selective domain etching process
Authors: Hao Junjie , Li Junzi , Chen Meijuan , Duan Xijian , Xu Bing , Li Yiwen , He Tingchao , Sun Xiao Wei , Delville Marie-Hélène , Cheng Jiaji
Published: March 2022

We verify the evolution of a ligand-induced chiral conduction mechanism using a top-down etching process, which allows the comparison of same concentration NPs for induced chirality and can in principle be applied to any type of complex nanocrystal.
Carbohydrate structure–activity relations of Au-catalysed base-free oxidations: gold displaying a platinum lustre
Authors: van der Klis Frits , Gootjes Linda , Verstijnen Noud Hendrik , van Haveren Jacco , Stephan van Es Daniël , Bitter Johannes Hendrik
Published: March 2022

Gold mimicking Platinum in base-free catalytic carbohydrate oxidations.
Mix and wait – a relaxed way for synthesizing ZIF-8
Authors: Gugin Nikita , Villajos Jose A. , Feldmann Ines , Emmerling Franziska
Published: March 2022

Herein we report the synthesis of a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) by an easy “mix and wait” procedure.
Crystal growth, layered structure and luminescence properties of K2Eu(PO4)(WO4)
Authors: Terebilenko Kateryna V. , Chornii Vitalii P. , Zozulia Valeriіa O. , Gural'skiy Il'ya A. , Shova Sergiu G. , Nedilko Serhii G. , Slobodyanik Mykola S.
Published: March 2022

K2Eu(PO4)(WO4) has been prepared via the high-temperature solution growth (HTSG) method using K2WO4–KPO3 molten salts as a self-flux and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, IR and luminescence spectroscopy.
Advancing homogeneous catalysis for parahydrogen-derived hyperpolarisation and its NMR applications
Authors: Tickner Ben. J. , Zhivonitko Vladimir V.
Published: March 2022

We detail recent advances in homogeneous catalysts for deriving enhanced NMR signals using parahydrogen. Growing applications of this catalysis in mechanistic elucidations, mixture analysis, and biomedical imaging are also discussed.
The Janus face of high trans-effect carbenes in olefin metathesis: gateway to both productivity and decomposition
Authors: Occhipinti Giovanni , Nascimento Daniel L. , Foscato Marco , Fogg Deryn E. , Jensen Vidar R.
Published: March 2022

In ruthenium catalysts for olefin metathesis, carbene ligands of high trans influence/effect suppress decompositionviaβ-H elimination, but increase susceptibility to bimolecular decomposition.
Electro-optic characteristics of stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals with non-liquid crystalline polymer networks
Authors: Radka Brian P. , Lee Kyung Min , Godman Nicholas P. , White Timothy J.
Published: March 2022

We report on the electro-optic response of polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals formulated with non-liquid crystalline monomers with varying surface affinity and crosslink density.
High-corrosion-resistance mechanism of graphitized platelet-type carbon nanofibers in the OER in a concentrated alkaline electrolyte
Authors: Sato Yuki , Yamada Naohito , Kitano Sho , Kowalski Damian , Aoki Yoshitaka , Habazaki Hiroki
Published: March 2022

This study revealed excellent corrosion resistance of the highly graphitized platelet-type carbon nanofibers due to hydroxyl passivation of the carbon edge plane.
Synthesis of TiC nanotube arrays and their excellent supercapacitor performance
Authors: Ma Tongxiang , Pan Yuzheng , Chen Junyu , Yan Zhiming , Chen Buxin , Zhao Lang , Hu Liwen , Wen Liangying , Hu Meilong
Published: March 2022

Nanostructured metal carbides have numerous applications in catalysis and energy storage.
Construction of multifunctional cell aggregates in angiogenesis and osteogenesis through incorporating hVE-cad-Fc-modified PLGA/β-TCP microparticles for enhancing bone regeneration
Authors: Zhang Linxue , Wan Zhuo , Yuan Zuoying , Yang Jun , Zhang Yunfan , Cai Qing , Huang Jianyong , Zhao Yuming
Published: March 2022

We developed a multifunctional cell aggregate through incorporating hVE-cad-Fc-modified PLGA/β-TCP microparticles and SHEDs. The aggregates showed significant effects in osteogenesis and angiogenesis, which can be used for vascularized bone repair.
Prescription drugs and mitochondrial metabolism
Authors: Schmidt Cameron A.
Published: March 2022

Mitochondria are central to the physiology and survival of nearly all eukaryotic cells and house diverse metabolic processes including oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species buffering, metabolite synthesis/exchange, and Ca2+ sequestration. Mitochondria are phenotypically heterogeneous and this variation is essential to the complexity of physiological function among cells, tissues, and organ systems. As a consequence of mitochondrial integration with so many physiological processes, small molecules that modulate mitochondrial metabolism induce complex systemic effects. In the case of many commonly prescribed drugs, these interactions may contribute to drug therapeutic mechanisms, induce adverse drug reactions, or both. The purpose of this article is to review historical and recent advances in the understanding of the effects of prescription drugs on mitochondrial metabolism. Specific ‘modes’ of xenobiotic–mitochondria interactions are discussed to provide a set of qualitative models that aid in conceptualizing how the mitochondrial energy transduction system may be affected. Findings of recent in vitro high-throughput screening studies are reviewed, and a few candidate drug classes are chosen for additional brief discussion (i.e. antihyperglycemics, antidepressants, antibiotics, and antihyperlipidemics). Finally, recent improvements in pharmacokinetics models that aid in quantifying systemic effects of drug–mitochondria interactions are briefly considered.
Self-Adjustment of Hearing Aid Amplification for Lower Speech Levels: Independent Ratings, Paired Comparisons, and Speech Recognition
Authors: Perry Trevor T. , Nelson Peggy B.
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

Self-adjustment of hearing aid amplification enables wearers to customize the hearing aid output to match their preferences and could become an important tool for programming direct-to-consumer devices for people with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. One risk is that user-selected settings may provide inadequate audibility. This study assessed that risk by quantifying relationships between self-adjusted settings, subjective preferences, and speech recognition performance using speech at low levels in quiet, where achieving high speech audibility requires sufficient amplification.

Method:

Fifteen people with symmetric, mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss self-adjusted hearing aid amplification while listening to speech in quiet at 45, 55, and 65 dBA. After self-adjustment, 11 participants made blinded ratings of their self-adjusted fit, their NAL-NL2 prescriptive fit, and experimenter-created fits with reduced gain. Participants completed blinded paired comparisons and sentence recognition assessments using these settings.

Results:

The gain of self-adjusted fits showed a large range of variability between participants. On average, self-adjusted gain was similar to NAL-NL2 prescribed gain for input signals of 55 dBA and slightly greater than prescribed gain for 45-dBA signals. Speech recognition scores for NAL-NL2 fits were consistently high, and differences in speech recognition results were strongly correlated with the overall preferences obtained from paired comparisons.

Conclusions:

Self-adjusted fits are highly variable between individuals for low-audibility conditions. Nonetheless, self-adjusted fits are at least as satisfactory as NAL-NL2 fits, and listeners tend to disfavor settings that result in poorer speech recognition. The findings argue against concerns that self-adjustment will result in inadequate audibility compared to prescribed settings.
Multichannel Perception of Emotion in Speech, Voice, Facial Expression, and Gesture in Individuals With Autism: A Scoping Review
Authors: Zhang Minyue , Chen Yu , Lin Yi , Ding Hongwei , Zhang Yang
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

Numerous studies have identified individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with deficits in unichannel emotion perception and multisensory integration. However, only limited research is available on multichannel emotion perception in ASD. The purpose of this review was to seek conceptual clarification, identify knowledge gaps, and suggest directions for future research.

Method:

We conducted a scoping review of the literature published between 1989 and 2021, following the 2005 framework of Arksey and O'Malley. Data relating to study characteristics, task characteristics, participant information, and key findings on multichannel processing of emotion in ASD were extracted for the review.

Results:

Discrepancies were identified regarding multichannel emotion perception deficits, which are related to participant age, developmental level, and task demand. Findings are largely consistent regarding the facilitation and compensation of congruent multichannel emotional cues and the interference and disruption of incongruent signals. Unlike controls, ASD individuals demonstrate an overreliance on semantics rather than prosody to decode multichannel emotion.

Conclusions:

The existing literature on multichannel emotion perception in ASD is limited, dispersed, and disassociated, focusing on a variety of topics with a wide range of methodologies. Further research is necessary to quantitatively examine the impact of methodological choice on performance outcomes. An integrated framework of emotion, language, and cognition is needed to examine the mutual influences between emotion and language as well as the cross-linguistic and cross-cultural differences.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19386176
Cosmology in the non-linear regime: the small scale miracle
Authors: Lacasa Fabien
Published: March 2022

Interest is rising in exploiting the full shape information of the galaxy power spectrum, and in pushing analyses to smaller non-linear scales. Here I use the halo model to quantify the information content in the tomographic angular power spectrum of galaxies Cℓgal(iz) for the future high-resolution surveys Euclid and SKA2. I study how this information varies as a function of the scale cut applied, either with angular cut ℓmax or physical cut kmax. For this, I use analytical covariances with the most complete census of non-Gaussian terms, which proves to be critical. I find that the Fisher information on most cosmological and astrophysical parameters shows a striking behaviour. Beyond the perturbative regime, we first get decreasing returns: the information continues to rise but the slope slows down until reaching saturation. The location of this plateau, at k ∼ 2 Mpc−1, is slightly beyond the reach of current modelling methods and depends to some extent on the parameter and redshift bin considered. I explain the origin of this plateau, which is due to non-linear effects both on the power spectrum, and more importantly on non-Gaussian covariance terms. Then, pushing further, we see the information rising again in the highly non-linear regime, with a steep slope. This is the small-scale miracle, for which I give my interpretation and discuss the properties. There are suggestions that it may be possible to disentangle this information from the astrophysical content, and improve dark energy constraints. Finally, more hints are shown that high-order statistics may yield significant improvements over the power spectrum in this regime, with the improvements increasing with kmax.