bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D status and its correlation with blood pressure in premenopausal Saudi women: a cross-sectional study.
Authors: Al Mazeedi Sarah , Al Kadi Hanan , Ardawi Mohammed
Published: October 2016

Vitamin D deficiency is a major health problem in the Saudi population. A negative association between blood pressure and vitamin D level has been suggested in several clinical and epidemiological studies and evidence for an effect of vitamin D in lowering blood pressure was reported. These findings indicate that 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension through its effect on the renin-angiotensin system. We are the first to investigate the correlation between blood pressure or renin concentration and vitamin D status in the Saudi population METHODS: we included 201 healthy Saudi premenopausal females (20-45 years old). Blood pressure was measured by a standardized method using an automated blood pressure monitor (BPTru). Fasting blood samples were collected from each participant after 20 minutes of rest in the seated position. Serum cholicalciferol, PTH and renin concentration were measured by sandwich chemiluminescence immunoassaymethod (DiaSorin, Italy). RESULTS: The analysis included 192 subjects who were normotensive (blood pressure <140/90 mmHg).  A total of  34% of women had a severe deficiency (vitamin D ≤ 12.5 nmol/L); 41% had moderate deficiency (vitamin D levels between 12.5 - 25 nmol/L);  23% had mild deficiency (vitamin D level ≥ 25 - < 50 nmol/L); and 2% had insufficiency (vitamin D level  ≥ 50 - ≤ 75 nmol/L). None had a sufficient level of ≥75 nmol/L.  The systolic blood pressure ranged from 79-130.5mmHg and the diastolic from 48.5-85.5 mmHg.  Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in women that were in the lower 2 quartiles of vitamin D.  However, linear regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders showed that 25(OH)D level was not a predictor of either systolic or diastolic blood pressures.  A negative correlation (although not significant) was found between vitamin D level and plasma renin concentration in this study group. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent among the study group. Vitamin D was a not a predictor of either systolic or diastolic blood pressure.  There was a negative correlation between vitamin D level and renin concentration although not statically significant. It is possible that any underlying relationship was obscured by the relatively young age group or due to the narrow blood pressure range of the studied population. A larger sample size including hypertensive subjects may be needed.
Children's grief in school: Make time to listen
Authors: Penny Alison
Published: October 2016

Alison Penny comments on this year's theme for Children's Grief Awareness Week and looks at how schools can support children coping with the loss of a family member.
Malnutrition in the elderly
Authors: Willis Helen
Published: October 2016

Helen Willis discusses the often concealed issue of inadequate diets among the over-65s
Re-Coopering anti-psychiatry: David Cooper, revolutionary critic of psychiatry
Authors: Chapman Adrian
Published: October 2016

This article offers an introduction to David Cooper (1931–86), who coined the term ‘anti-psychiatry’, and, it is argued here, has not so far received the scholarly attention that he deserves. The first section presents his life in context. The second section presents his work in detail. There follows a section on the critical reception of Cooper, and, finally, a conclusion that sets out ways in which he might be interesting and useful today.
Using Breakout Rooms in Synchronous Online Tutorials
Authors: Chandler Kathy
Published: October 2016

This paper describes a small-scale, practitioner-led study of the use of breakout rooms for small group work in synchronous online tutorials using the Blackboard Collaborate tool. The project draws on the writer’s own experience of using breakout rooms in online tutorials over a period of 10 months, both as a tutor of two health and social care undergraduate modules and as a student of modules in a different faculty. It also draws on the experience of tutor colleagues. The project identifies three main benefits of using breakout rooms. Firstly, they are a useful tool for facilitating collaborative learning and interaction. Interaction takes on particular significance in online tutorials. In a face-to-face session the tutor can see if a student’s attention has wandered and gauge their response to the session. In contrast, a student can log into an online tutorial room and appear to be fully engaged with a lecture style session, whilst actually doing many other things and learning little. Interaction in an online tutorial also provides students learning at a distance with a rare opportunity for peer-to-peer contact, which can be invaluable in building relationships and confidence. Further benefits are identified in terms of empowering students to contribute to the session plan and content and also giving the tutor a break from presenting. Perceived barriers to breakout room use are identified around technical difficulties, small numbers of students and in terms of student skill and confidence. The only significant actual barrier to breakout room use identified relates to tutor skill and confidence.
Personal Reflections on the Use of Outsider Witness Practices to Structure a Support Group for Nursing Academics
Authors: Morrison Paul
Published: October 2016

Many experienced nursing clinicians make the transition into university as lecturers and build academic careers. However, there are real difficulties in adapting to an academic culture and universities generally provide limited support to assist with this transition. This paper describes a personal account of the use of outsider-witness practices, as used in narrative therapy, to structure a series of support meetings for a small group of lecturers in nursing. The process proved to be an engaging one that helped to establish and build a supportive ethos where teaching practice could be explored and considered in a non-judgmental way. There are many different ways to build a supportive culture in academic settings and the use of the outsider witness approach deserves serious consideration.
Book Review Against Plagiarism – A Guide for Editors and Authors
Authors: Brown Nicole
Published: October 2016

Zhang, Y.H. (2016). Against Plagiarism – A Guide for Editors and Authors (Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Scientific and Scholarly Communication). Springer International Publishing. ISBN: 978-3-319-24158-6
Gender Stereotypes in Primary School Turkish Textbooks
İlkokul Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Toplumsal Cinsiyet Kalıp Yargıları
Authors: Kasa Başak , Şahan Birsen
Published: October 2016

Gender involves socially loaded roles and responsibilities to men and women. Children begin to acquire information related to gender primarily within the family and then around the community. They spend   important and a big part of their time in school after commencement of the education life. One of the important tools transferring individuals the social values imposed sense of community in schools are the textbooks. However, some texts and images presented in textbooks that often seem to have no interest in gender can observe gender differences between individuals. This presented differences adopted by individuals leads to make sense of self, upload values on its own and transfer this experience and knowledge into his/her life. In this study the texts and images located in the primary school 1-4 grade Turkish textbooks which are the Ministry of Education State Books publications were analyzed in terms of gender stereotypes. Research data was collected by the document analysis which is one of the qualitative research approaches. The characters in the texts and images located in the Primary school Turkish textbooks were examined in terms of gender stereotypes and collected data were analyzed using content analysis. According to obtained results of the research it was seen that the gender stereotypes were taken place in the texts and the images of the Primary School Turkish Textbooks. ÖzetToplumsal cinsiyet, kadın ve erkeğe sosyal olarak yüklenen rol ve sorumlulukları içermektedir. Çocuklar öncelikle aile içinde, sonrasında çevresinde ve toplumda cinsiyete yönelik bilgileri edinmeye başlarlar. Eğitim yaşamına başladıktan sonra ise zamanlarının önemli ve de büyük bir kısmını okulda geçirmektedirler. Okullarda, toplumun anlam yüklediği toplumsal değerleri bireylere aktaran önemli araçlardan birisi ise ders kitaplarıdır. Ancak ders kitaplarında sunulan ve çoğunlukla cinsiyetle ilgisi yokmuş gibi görünen bazı metinler ve resimler, bireyler arasında cinsiyet farklılığı gözetebilmektedir. Bu sunulan farklılıklar birey tarafından benimsenerek bireyin kendine ilişkin anlamlar çıkarmasına, değerler yüklemesine ve edindiği bu bilgileri yaşama aktarmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) Devlet Kitapları yayınlarının İlkokul 1-4. sınıf Türkçe ders kitaplarında yer alan metinler ve resimler toplumsal cinsiyet kalıp yargıları açısından incelenmiştir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımın benimsendiği araştırmada veriler doküman incelemesi yoluyla toplanmıştır. İlkokul Türkçe ders kitaplarında yer alan metinlerdeki ve resimlerdeki karakterler toplumsal cinsiyet kalıp yargıları açısından incelenmiş ve toplanan veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda ilkokul Türkçe ders kitaplarında yer alan metinlerde ve görsellerde toplumsal cinsiyet kalıp yargılarının yer aldığı görülmüştür.
Effect of demographic features to middle school students’ attitude towards FeTeMM (STEM)
Authors: Karakaya Ferhat , Avgın Sakine Serap
Published: October 2016

In this research, which is done in order to determine the demographical features on middle school students’  6th, 7th and 8th  grades towards FeTeMM (STEM), scanning design is used. It is performed with 581 middle school students, and data are collected through Middle School Students’ point of view to Stem (S-Stem) scale. The research is implemented during 2015-2016 spring period. For statistical evaluation of gathered data, independent t-test and one direction variance analysis (anova), one direction variance analysis Kruskal-Wallis are used. Also, data are evaluated on 0.05 level relevance and its percentage, frequency, average and standard deviation levels are calculated. According to findings gathered from the study, it is seen that opinion of students to FeTeMM (STEM), the mother education level and father education level have a great effect but gender and class level haven’t. On the other hand, applied sciences, like maths, engineering and 21st century skills, the effects of students’ gender, mom and father education level and grade level are expressed.
Real Bodies in (Un)real Spaces: Space, Movement, and the Installation Sensibility in Lech Majewski’s The Mill and the Cross
Authors: Chakravorty Swagato
Published: October 2016

Live-action bodies traverse digitally-constructed and digitized spaces in Lech Majewski’s The Mill and the Cross (Młyn i krzyż, 2011). Majewski, a Polish artist who has worked across media, imagines his film as an animation of the world represented in Pieter Bruegel’s painting, The Procession to Calvary. His unprecedented blending of real and painted bodies, spaces, and worlds in The Mill and the Cross draws attention to the necessity of acknowledging space and movement in contemporary approaches to embodied spectatorial experience. This essay considers how the film imagines and treats its space(s) and the relations it establishes between the film-as-text, painting-as-text, and the museal space that traditionally contains painting-but also, with increasing frequency, cinema. It proposes a reframing of the terms of discussion in intermediality, shifting from painting/cinema to installation/cinema. Finally, it explores a long-neglected notion of art and its space (and the possibility of inhabiting that space) as they (re-)emerge in contemporary expanded cinema.
The Draughtsman’s Contract and the Crisis of Structuralism
Authors: Fry Paul H.
Published: October 2016

Peter Greenaway’s cinema questions the numerical, verbal and pictorial determinations of sets and systems. Two or one, even or odd? (Twelve drawings or ‒ thirteen?) Is two, as a stabilization of symmetry, undermined by decompositions in time and space that defy any possible reduction to sub-binaries? This latter question is reserved mainly for A Zed and Two Noughts (1985), though it is anticipated in Vertical Features Remake (1978) and especially The Draughtsman’s Contract (1982), which I will treat as a response to both questions at once. The plot of this film, with its riderless horses and lack of an heir, raises the question Lévi-Strauss raised in the most influential exposition of structuralism we have, The Structural Study of Myth. Two or one? Are we born of parents or are we autochthonous? Lévi-Strauss’s reading of the Oedipus myth is an allegory of structuralism itself: are intelligible signs born from the differentiation of two other signs (binaries) or do they arise parthenogenetically, as “natural signs,” from the autonomous self-identity of what they represent? On the other hand, in the dissolution of identity we see in the body of Mr. Herbert raised from the moat, are there appearances that dissolve identity altogether? The paper will show how the overdetermined frame and its symmetries (the stationary camera, the draughtsman’s viewfinder and grid, the “framing” of Mr. Neville, etc.) are confirmed and disconfirmed by invasions of the frame, and the ways in which drawing, painting, and landscaping both “fix on paper” and disrupt the offspring or sterility of twinning.
Visual Composition of Bodily Presence. A Phenomenological Approach to Paul Thomas Anderson’s The Master
Authors: Gyenge Zsolt
Published: October 2016

The description and interpretation of the visual composition of a film is crucial in understanding the effects of moving images and their specific role in the contemporary context of intermediality. The phenomenological approach, based on the precise depiction of the lived perceptual experience and its integration in the process of interpretation, offers a powerful tool for critical analysis. Although this theoretical framework opens up many different approaches, in this paper I will focus on Merleau-Pontyʼs phenomenological account of perception and on the viewer experience described by Vivian Sobchack with the self-contradictory term “a filmʼs body.” After studying this concept and its role in film analysis, as used by Sobchack, based on the term double-sided and fissured experience the paper offers an alternative approach which, compared to the earlier ones, seems to be more fruitful in understanding the act of vision and the embodied viewer experience constructed by a moving picture. The last part of the paper demonstrates, through the example of Paul Thomas Andersonʼs The Master (2012), how crucial the embodied viewer experience can be in the understanding of moving images. The analysis of the visual system of this film will show how the main problem of the whole story is re-created, re-presented in the visually triggered bodily experience of the viewer.
Parameters for the Assessment of the Impact of Internationalisation Policy on Quality in Higher Education and its Influence on the Development of Society: The Lithuanian Case
Authors: Sumskaite Alvija , Juknyte-Petreikiene Inga
Published: October 2016

The article discusses the envisaged outcomes of internationalisation policy of higher education in the context of the European Higher Education Area, and the effect of internationalisation policy on quality in higher education. In Lithuania, internationalisation of higher education is supported by large amounts of public finance, in the hope that internationalisation will provide added value to the quality of higher education. However, there are no tools for collecting evidence of whether that investment is properly used. The research question of the study is how the internationalisation policy impact on quality in higher education and its influence on wider society may be measured in a particular national context. The article presents exploratory research findings based on an extensive literature review and views of policymakers, higher education administrators and academics evaluated as a set of indicators and criteria to be used in assessing the impact of internationalisation policy on quality in higher education and its influence on wider society.
Neuroendocrine Responses and Body Composition Changes Following Resistance Training Under Normobaric Hypoxia
Authors: Chycki Jakub , Czuba Miłośz , Gołaś Artur , Zając Adam , Fidos-Czuba Olga , Młynarz Adrian , Smółka Wojciech
Published: October 2016

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a 6 week resistance training protocol under hypoxic conditions (FiO2 = 12.9%, 4000 m) on muscle hypertrophy. The project included 12 resistance trained male subjects, randomly divided into two experimental groups. Group 1 (n = 6; age 21 ± 2.4 years; body height [BH] 178.8 ± 7.3 cm; body mass [BM] 80.6 ± 12.3 kg) and group 2 (n = 6; age 22 ± 1.5 years; BH 177.8 ± 3.7cm; BM 81.1 ± 7.5 kg). Each group performed resistance exercises alternately under normoxic and hypoxic conditions (4000 m) for 6 weeks. All subjects followed a training protocol that comprised two training sessions per week at an exercise intensity of 70% of 1RM; each training session consisted of eight sets of 10 repetitions of the bench press and barbell squat, with 3 min rest periods. The results indicated that strength training in normobaric hypoxia caused a significant increase in BM (p < 0.01) and fat free mass (FFM) (p < 0.05) in both groups. Additionally, a significant increase (p < 0.05) was observed in IGF-1 concentrations at rest after 6 weeks of hypoxic resistance training in both groups. The results of this study allow to conclude that resistance training (6 weeks) under normobaric hypoxic conditions induces greater muscle hypertrophy compared to training in normoxic conditions.
Determination of Aerobic Power Through a Specific Test for Taekwondo - A Predictive Equation Model
Authors: Rocha Fernando P.S. , Louro Hugo , Matias Ricardo , Brito João , Costa Aldo M.
Published: October 2016

Our aim was to verify the concurrent validity of a maximal taekwondo specific test (TST) to predict VO2max through an explanatory model. Seventeen elite male taekwondo athletes (age: 17.59 ± 4.34 years; body height: 1.72 ± 6.5 m; body mass: 61.3 ± 8.7 kg) performed two graded maximal exercise tests on different days: a 20 m multistage shuttle run test (SRT) and an incremental TST. We recorded test time, VO2max, ventilation, a heart rate and time to exhaustion. Significant differences were found between observed and estimated VO2max values [F (2, 16) = 5.77, p < 0.01]; post-hoc subgroup analysis revealed the existence of significant differences (p = 0.04) between the estimated VO2max value in the SRT and the observed value recorded in the TST (58.4 ± 6.4 ml/kg/min and 52.6 ± 5.2 ml/kg/min, respectively). Our analysis also revealed a moderate correlation between both testing protocols regarding VO2max (r = 0.70; p = 0.005), test time (r = 0.77; p = 0.02) and ventilation (r = 0.69; p = 0.03). There was no proportional bias in the mean difference (t = -1.04; p = 0.313), and there was a level of agreement between both tests. An equation/model was used to estimate VO2max during the TST based on the mean heart rate, test time, body height and mass, which explained 74.3% of the observed VO2max variability. A moderate correlation was found between the observed and predicted VO2max values in the taekwondo TST (r = 0.74, p = 0.001). Our results suggest that an incremental specific test estimates VO2max of elite taekwondo athletes with acceptable concurrent validity.
Effect of 8 weeks of free-weight and machine-based strength training on strength and power performance
Authors: Wirth Klaus , Keiner Michael , Hartmann Hagen , Sander Andre , Mickel Christoph
Published: October 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of free-weight and machine-based exercises to increase different strength and speed-strength variables. One hundred twenty male participants (age: 23.8 ± 2.5 years; body height: 181.0 ± 6.8 cm; body mass: 80.2 ± 8.9 kg) joined the study. The 2 experimental groups completed an 8 week periodized strength training program that included 2 training sessions per week. The exercises that were used in the strength training programs were the parallel barbell squat and the leg press. Before and after the training period, the 1-repetition-maximum in the barbell squat and the leg press, the squat jump, the countermovement jump and unilateral isometric force (maximal isometric force and the rate of force development) were evaluated. To compare each group pre vs. post-intervention, analysis of variance with repeated measures and Scheffé post-hoc tests were used. The leg press group increased their 1-repetition-maximum significantly (p < 0.001), while in the squat group such variables as 1-repetition-maximum, the squat jump and the countermovement jump increased significantly (p < 0.001). The maximal isometric force showed no statistically significant result for the repeated measures factor, while the rate of force development of the squat group even showed a statistically significant decrease. Differences between the 2 experimental groups were detected for the squat jump and the countermovement jump. In comparison with the leg press, the squat might be a better strength training exercise for the development of jump performance.
Game-Related Performance Factors in four European Men’s Professional Volleyball Championships
Authors: Peña Javier , Casals Martí
Published: October 2016

The present study was designed to assess the relevance of game-related performance factors as outcome predictors in high-level volleyball. To carry out the analysis, the official box scores of 399 matches played by 47 different teams in four different European male professional volleyball leagues (Italy, Poland, Germany and Turkey) during the 2013-14 regular season were analyzed. A logistic mixed model was performed to determine the effects of different variables in matches’ outcomes. According to the multivariate analysis the following factors were significantly associated with winning matches: the number of scorers (OR = 1.32; CI: 1.09 – 1.59), service errors (OR = 0.91; CI: 0.87 – 0.95), service points (OR = 1.25; CI: 1.15 -1.36), reception errors (OR = 0.79; CI: 0.74 – 0.84), the percentage of positive receptions (OR = 1.02; CI: 1.00 -1.04) and blocked balls (OR = 1.17; CI: 1.11 – 1.26). Team category 2 (OR = 0.39; CI: 0.24 – 0.63) and team category 3 (OR = 0.15; CI: 0.09 – 0.25) were significantly associated with losing matches. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of performance indicators in professional volleyball, helping coaches and decision makers to better determine the importance of particular game factors.
Normative Authority in the Context of Transnationalism, Pluralism and Semi-Autonomous Social Fields: Focus on Arnhem Land
Authors: Kelly Danial
Published: October 2016

The notion of a sovereign polity holding a monopoly over law that is followed within its jurisdictional borders is threatened by the phenomena of transnational law and normative pluralism. Authoritative norms can be highly influential upon legal processes within the borders of a polity. Those norms may be derived from other legal systems, religious or belief systems or a combination of both. In this era of globalization, normative pluralism exists as an everyday fact of life almost everywhere in the modern world. This article considers the normative pluralism that has been experienced in Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia and the need to further develop the pluralism model of semi-autonomous social fields.
Mental Disorder and the Indirect Construction of Social Facts
Authors: van Riel Raphael
Published: October 2016

In this paper, I argue for two claims, (i) that on a common conception of the second order property of being a mental disorder, some facts about mental disorders are the result of social constructions, and (ii) that the way facts about mental disorders are constructed differs from the received view on social construction. The difference is examined, a novel type of social construction is identified, and it is suggested that there are numerous other types of social facts that are constructed in a similar way.
Outcome space range reduction method for global optimization of sum of affine ratios problem
Authors: Jiao Hongwei , Liu Sanyang , Yin Jingben , Zhao Yingfeng
Published: October 2016

Many algorithms for globally solving sum of affine ratios problem (SAR) are based on equivalent problem and branch-and-bound framework. Since the exhaustiveness of branching rule leads to a significant increase in the computational burden for solving the equivalent problem. In this study, a new range reduction method for outcome space of the denominator is presented for globally solving the sum of affine ratios problem (SAR). The proposed range reduction method offers a possibility to delete a large part of the outcome space region of the denominators in which the global optimal solution of the equivalent problem does not exist, and which can be seen as an accelerating device for global optimization of the (SAR). Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm using new range reduction method in terms of both computational efficiency and solution quality.
Bound for the largest singular value of nonnegative rectangular tensors
Authors: He Jun , Liu Yan-Min , Ke Hua , Tian Jun-Kang , Li Xiang
Published: October 2016

In this paper, we give a new bound for the largest singular value of nonnegative rectangular tensors when m = n, which is tighter than the bound provided by Yang and Yang in “Singular values of nonnegative rectangular tensors”, Front. Math. China, 2011, 6, 363-378.
Standards of anesthesiology practice during neuroradiological interventions
Authors: Lederer Wolfgang , Grams Astrid , Helbok Raimund , Stichlberger Martina , Bale Reto , Wiedermann Franz J.
Published: October 2016

Interventional radiology is a rapidly growing discipline with an expanding variety of indications and techniques in pediatric and adult patients. Accordingly, the number of procedures during which monitoring either under sedation or under general anesthesia is needed is increasing. In order to ensure high-quality care as well as patient comfort and safety, implementation of anes-thesiology practice guidelines in line with institutional radiology practice guidelines is paramount [1]. However, practice guidelines are no substitute for lack of communi-cation between specialties.

Interdisciplinary indications within neurosciences call for efficient co-operation among radiology, neurology, neurosurgery, vascular surgery, anesthesiology and intensive care. Anesthesia team and intensive care personnel should be informed early and be involved in coordinated planning so that optimal results can be achieved under minimized risks and pre-arranged complication management.
Exosomic microRNAs as emerging key regulators of intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment and beyond
Authors: Murtadha Mariam , Fabbri Muller
Published: October 2016

MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs with key gene regulatory functions. Recent evidence has shown that miRs have a central role in shaping the biology of the Tumor Microenvironment (TME). The discovery that some exosomes contain high levels of miR cargo that shuttle between cells and mediate intercellular cross-talk has shifted the focus of miR research towards understanding the biological role of exosomic miRs. In this review, we highlight the emerging role of exosomic miRs in molding the tumor microenvironment towards pro-tumor conditions by altering intercellular communication. We briefly discuss some mechanisms of selective loading of miRs into exosomes, as well as emerging evidence that exosomic miRs are present in all biological fluids. Furthermore, we describe the differences in the exosomic miR signatures between cancer patients and healthy controls, and the potential role of exosomic miRs as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers.
Phase-space description of the coherent state dynamics in a small one-dimensional system
Authors: Kaczor Urszula , Klimas Bogusław , Szydłowski Dominik , Wołoszyn Maciej , Spisak Bartłomiej J.
Published: October 2016

The Wigner-Moyal approach is applied to investigate the dynamics of the Gaussian wave packet moving in a double-well potential in the ‘Mexican hat’ form. Quantum trajectories in the phase space are computed for different kinetic energies of the initial wave packet in the Wigner form. The results are compared with the classical trajectories. Some additional information on the dynamics of the wave packet in the phase space is extracted from the analysis of the cross-correlation of the Wigner distribution function with itself at different points in time.
Lack of CaBP1/Caldendrin or CaBP2 Leads to Altered Ganglion Cell Responses
Authors: Sinha Raunak , Lee Amy , Rieke Fred , Haeseleer Françoise
Published: October 2016

Calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs) form a subfamily of calmodulin-like proteins that were cloned from the retina. CaBP4 and CaBP5 have been shown to be important for normal visual function. Although CaBP1/caldendrin and CaBP2 have been shown to modulate various targetsin vitro, it is not known whether they contribute to the transmission of light responses through the retina. Therefore, we generated mice that lack CaBP2 or CaBP1/caldendrin (Cabp2–/–andCabp1–/–) to test whether these CaBPs are essential for normal retinal function. By immunohistochemistry, the overall morphology ofCabp1–/–andCabp2–/–retinas and the number of synaptic ribbons appear normal; transmission electron microscopy shows normal tethered ribbon synapses and synaptic vesicles as in wild-type retinas. However, whole-cell patch clamp recordings showed that light responses of retinal ganglion cells ofCabp2–/–andCabp1–/–mice differ in amplitude and kinetics from those of wild-type mice. We conclude that CaBP1/caldendrin and CaBP2 are not required for normal gross retinal and synapse morphology but are necessary for the proper transmission of light responses through the retina; like other CaBPs, CaBP1/caldendrin and CaBP2 likely act by modulating presynaptic Ca2+-dependent signaling mechanisms.
Los retratos del conflicto en la película Oriana
Authors: Gasca Bazurto Luis Fernando
Published: October 2016

Los retratos en el filme Oriana (Torres, 1985) son signos del conflicto que manifiestan una forma de pensamiento que atraviesa a los personajes de la historia y desencadenan un desenlace fatal que los marca para toda la vida. Se analiza la película de Torres (1985) para identificar los signos, las fuerzas y tensiones que se manifiestan y que podrían explicar el porqué de los acontecimientos y el desenlace de la historia. Para ello, se propone la observación de dos retratos que se presentan en el filme. El primero es el retrato pictórico del padre, que se basa en la descripción que hace Moreno (1975), pero representado de una manera distinta y delimitado a un espacio diferente al que expone el texto literario. El segundo es la fotografía de la familia, que abre el filme y que es antecedida por el relato de los acontecimientos que acaecieron durante su registro. Los cuadros mencionados son signos que exponen relaciones de poder y dominio del padre sobre su familia, los cuales provocaron la trasgresión del orden instituido.
Orientación religiosa y solución de problemas
Authors: Díaz López Yefren , De Miguel Negredo Adelia
Published: October 2016

Este artículo presenta los resultados de los aportes de la orientación religiosa a la solución de problemas en personas de confesionalidad cristiana católica y protestante pentecostal de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, desde un enfoque cognitivo conductual en psicología de la religión, y un diseño factorial 2x3x4, donde los factores confesionalidad cristiana, locus de control y orientación religiosa se relacionan con las variables criterio propias de la dimensión constructiva y disfuncional de solución de problemas sociales de D’Zurilla y Goldfried. La muestra fue equilibrada: 45 personas de confesionalidad católica y 45 protestantes pentecostales, a quienes se les aplicó la escala de orientación religiosa de Allport y Ross, la escala de locus de control de Rotter y el inventario de solución de problemas sociales revisado. Se encontró que las personas sin entrenamiento previo en solución de problemas sociales, con mayores puntuaciones en la dimensión constructiva y menores en la dimensión disfuncional tienden a la orientación religiosa internalizada independiente de su confesionalidad cristiana; las personas con orientación religiosa internalizada presentan correlaciones significativas y positivas con la dimensión constructiva, y correlaciones significativas y negativas con la puntuación de la orientación religiosa externalizada; y las personas con orientación religiosa internalizada y locus de control interno tienden a obtener altas puntuaciones en la dimensión constructiva, mientras que las personas con orientación religiosa externalizada y locus de control externo tienden a puntuar más en la dimensión disfuncional. 

 
La fenomenología del cuerpo en Merleau-Ponty como superación del dualismo sartreano entre el ser en sí y el ser para sí
Authors: Álvarez Mateos María Teresa
Published: October 2016

En este ensayo exploraremos la transformación de la fenomenología de la existencia que acontece en la obra de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, en relación con la obra de Sartre. Nos centraremos en el modo en que la fenomenología merleau-pontiana supone un cambio de planteamiento respecto de la dualidad dominante en el existencialismo sartreano entre el ser-en-sí y el ser-para-sí, así como de la comprensión sartreana del para otro, atendiendo a los desplazamientos que se producen en el modo de entender el cuerpo, la existencia del otro y, por último, la libertad y la responsabilidad humanas. 
Reseña: "De la tomística de Santafé a la Universidad Santo Tomás de Colombia en los últimos cincuenta años"
Authors: Gómez Bello Eduardo Alberto
Published: October 2016

"De la tomística de Santafé a la Universidad Santo Tomás de Colombia en los últimos cincuenta años ", Ediciones USTA, 2015.
Brugada Syndrome: Defining the Risk in Asymptomatic Patients
Authors: Sieira Juan ,   Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium, Brugada Pedro ,   Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Published: October 2016

Since the first description of the Brugada syndrome (BS) in 1992, scientific progress in the understanding of this disease has been enormous; at the same time more and more individuals with the disease have been diagnosed. The profile of patients with BS has changed with more asymptomatic individuals and less expressive clinical features. Asymptomatic BS individuals are at lower arrhythmic risk than those presenting with syncope or sudden cardiac death (SCD). The event incidence rate is around 0.5 % per year; this figure is relevant due to the fact that individuals have a long life expectancy and are otherwise healthy. As a result of the risk of SCD, risk stratification is of utmost importance. As the implantation of a cardioverter defibrillator is the main treatment for those patients at higher risk, benefits and long-term potential risks have to be adequately considered. Some risk factors, such as spontaneous type 1 electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern, are widely accepted, whilst for others contradictory data are present. Furthermore, novel risk factors are now available that might help in the management of BS. The presence of a spontaneous type 1 ECG pattern, history of sinus node dysfunction and inducible ventricular arrhythmias during programmed electrical stimulation of the heart allow us to risk stratify these patients.
Camellos laminos del Mioceno Tardío (Henfiliano Temprano) de la Formación Curré, San Gerardo de Limoncito, cantón de Coto Brus, provincia de Puntarenas, Costa Rica
Authors: Laurito César A. , Valerio Ana L.
Published: October 2016

En el presente trabajo, se describen abundantes restos fósiles de una especie de camello lamino procedentes de la fauna local de San Gerardo de Limoncito en el sur de Costa Rica. El material corresponde a piezas dentales y huesos postcraneales de la especie Hemiauchenia vera Matthew, 1909, la cual se reconoce, principalmente, por la biometría de los astrágalos y de la falange I anterior, además de la morfología dental. Este nuevo registro fósil permite afinar la edad biocronológica del afloramiento y su correlación con otras localidades fosilíferas del Henfiliano Temprano de América del Norte.
Estudio químico-mineralógico de los perfiles lateríticos ferrosialíticos en los sectores Téneme, Farallones y Cayo Guam en el noreste de Cuba
Authors: Njila Tendai , Díaz-Martínez Roberto
Published: October 2016

Se presentan los resultados de un estudio químico-mineralógico de los perfiles lateríticos ferrosialíticos sobre rocas básicas de naturaleza oceánica y las litologías propias de los arcos de islas en la región nororiental de Cuba. El procedimiento contempló el muestreo de cinco perfiles de alteración y el análisis mediante la Fluorescencia y Difracción de Rayos X. Los perfiles lateríticos ferrosialíticos originados a partir de rocas pertenecientes a los arcos de islas cretácico y paleógeno están constituidos por minerales secundarios que son gibbsita, caolinita, goethita, hematita y montmorillonita, mientras que los asociados a rocas básicas y vulcanogeno-sedimentarios de afinidad ofiolítica concentran gibbsita en Cayo Guam. Se aporta nuevos conocimientos químico-mineralógicos sobre los perfiles lateríticos ferrosialíticos asociados a rocas de naturaleza oceánica en Cuba nororiental, lo que ayudará en la exploración para rocas y minerales industriales y su aplicación en la industria.
Modelo mínimo unidimensional de velocidades de la onda P para la cordillera volcánica de Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Authors: Araya María C. , Linkimer Lepolt , Taylor Waldo
Published: October 2016

En este estudio se calcula un modelo mínimo de velocidades para la Cordillera Volcánica de Guanacaste a partir de 475 sismos locales registrados por el Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico Arenal Miravalles (OSIVAM) entre enero del 2006 y julio del 2014. El modelo consta de seis capas desde la superficie hasta 80 km de profundidad y posee velocidades que varían entre 3,96 y 7,79 km/s. Las correcciones para las estaciones obtenidas varían entre -0,28 a 0,45 y muestran una tendencia de valores positivos sobre el arco volcánico y negativos en el antearco, en concordancia con el espesor de la corteza. La relocalización de los sismos muestra tres grupos principales de epicentros que podrían asociarse con actividad en fallas inferidas. El MMV1D presentado en esta investigación brinda una idea simplificada de la estructura de la corteza y pretende contribuir con el mejoramiento de la localización rutinaria de sismos que realiza el OSIVAM.
Sismicidad en Costa Rica durante el 2015
Authors: Porras Juan L. , Linkimer Lepolt , Araya María C. , Rojas Wilfredo , Taylor Magda , Barquero Rafael
Published: October 2016

Durante el 2015 la Red Sismológica Nacional (RSN: UCR-ICE) localizó 6989 sismos de los cuales 168 fueron sentidos por la población. Se percibieron en Costa Rica 13 sismos con magnitud Mw > 5,0. La mayoría (86%) de los sismos percibidos fueron superficiales (< 30 km) y el 81% tuvo una magnitud (Mw) de entre 3,0 y 4,9. El fallamiento local y regional provocó el 61% de los sismos, seguido por el proceso de subducción de la placa del Coco que originó el 37%. Las zonas con la mayor concentración de sismos en el 2015 fueron las cordilleras volcánicas de Guanacaste y Central, la zona de Los Santos y una región al suroeste de la península de Nicoya. La intensidad máxima observada en el 2015 dentro de Costa Rica fue de V+ (Mercalli Modificada).
Dielectric studies of 0·5 BaTiO3–0·5 Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 nanocomposite
Authors: Khare Ankur , Yadava Shiva Sundar , Mandal Kamdeo , Mukhopadhyay Nilay Krishna
Published: October 2016

A nanoceramic composite with a composition of 0·5 barium titanate (BaTiO3; BTO) and 0·5 Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 (BCTO) was synthesised using the solid-state method. Microstructural details were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy. XRD analysis confirmed the existence of both the BTO and BCTO phases. The average crystallite sizes obtained by the XRD analysis were found to be around 45 ± 16 nm. The sample sintered at 950°C for 12 h exhibited a very high dielectric constant (ε r = 43 459) at 100 Hz and at room temperature. The presence of semiconducting grains with insulating grain boundaries significantly contributes to such a high dielectric constant value, supporting the internal barrier layer capacitance mechanism operative in BTO–BCTO composites. The dielectric loss (tan δ ) peaks observed for the BTO–BCTO composite with variation of frequency at few selected temperatures give an indication of the relaxation behaviour present in the composite.
Análise do processo de mudança semântica dos advérbios literalmente e buchstäblich a partir do modelo semântico-cognitivo de Eve Sweetser
Authors: Deosti Aline , Gisske Jan , Diogo Jean , Beviláqua Kayron , Negri Ligia , Bernsdorf Silvia
Published: October 2016

Neste artigo, analisamos o advérbio do Português Brasileiro literalmente a partir dos pressupostos teóricos de Eve Sweetser (1990). A análise é precedida de uma delimitação da classe dos advérbios segundo a Gramática do Português Culto Falado no Brasil (2008) e de uma apresentação dos principais conceitos de Sweetser. Em seguida, o advérbio literalmente é analisado a partir de casos extraídos do uso vernacular, alguns deles obtidos na internet. A análise é, então, estendida ao advérbio correspondente na língua alemã, buchstäblich, visando corroborar a aplicabilidade do modelo cognitivo como instrumental para a análise de mudança semântica.
Uso de estratégias de leitura em tecnologia virtual e tecnologia não virtual: um estudo com alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental e do 1º ano do Ensino Médio
Authors: Wannmacher Pereira Vera Wannmacher , Vargas dos Santos Thais Vargas
Published: October 2016

Neste artigo, é relatado estudo que examinou a contribuição de materiais para leitura de crônicas, contos e fábulas, em tecnologia virtual e tecnologia não virtual, destinados a alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental e do 1º ano do Ensino Médio, no que se refere ao uso de estratégias de leitura. Teve como base os estudos psicolinguísticos sobre leitura aplicados ao ensino, com apoio da Computação. Envolveu a produção de módulos com foco em estratégias de leitura, a preparação da equipe, a elaboração e a aplicação desses materiais em oficinas na escola selecionada, a elaboração e a aplicação de pré-teste antes das oficinas e de pós-teste após as oficinas e o tratamento dos dados. Os resultados obtidos indicaram: diferença significativa na comparação pré e pós-teste no uso das estratégias de leitura, considerando escolaridade, gênero textual – com destaque a favor da crônica - e ambiente de aprendizagem; ausência de diferença significativa entre as tecnologias, com tendência favorável à virtual no 1º ano e à não virtual no 9º ano; e crescimento aproximado entre os dois anos escolares, com tendência favorável ao 1º ano.
O uso variável do modo subjuntivo/indicativo em orações completivas: análise contrastiva entre o Ceará e Santa Catarina
Authors: De Carvalho Hebe Macedo , Pimpão Tatiana Schwochow
Published: October 2016

Resumo: Com base nos pressupostos metodológicos da Sociolinguística Comparativa (TAGLIAMONTE, 2003), confrontamos resultados de pesquisas acerca do uso variável do presente do modo subjuntivo em orações completivas em dados de fala do Ceará (Cariri e Fortaleza) e de Santa Catarina (Florianópolis e Lages) do Brasil. Em termos gerais, resultados percentuais para verbos não-factivos volitivos não diferem entre as quatro localidades, evidenciando um contexto de uso preferencial do presente do subjuntivo. De outra forma, verbos indiferentes de opinião apresentam variação relativamente equilibrada no Nordeste; no Sul, o contexto mostra-se sensível ao uso do indicativo.
Consciência metatextual, compreensão leitora e resumo de histórias – possíveis relações em uma perspectiva psicolinguística
Authors: Lopes Marília Marques
Published: October 2016

A criança, antes mesmo do início do ensino formal, tem longo percurso no desenvolvimento de capacidades de leitura e de escrita, as quais se referem tanto à compreensão leitora como à consciência do material escrito, qualquer que seja ele. Essa Consciência Metatextual, segundo Jean-Émile Gombert (1992), é composta de coerência, coesão e de estrutura textual, sendo fator que pode contribuir para um desempenho satisfatório na compreensão de textos, bem como na escrita de resumos. A tese que originou este artigo utilizou como referencial teórico os estudos desse autor sobre consciência metatextual. Tratou especificamente das correlações entre consciência metatextual, compreensão leitora e elaboração de resumos de narrativa por estudantes de 5º e 6º anos do Ensino Fundamental de três escolas públicas de Porto Alegre. Para avaliar essa correlação, realizamos testes de escolha simples para verificar a Consciência Metatextual (CM) e a Compreensão Leitora (CL), e de Resumo de narrativa (R), avaliado através de um quadro de referência contemplando as categorias de eventos principais, autonomia e estrutura narrativa. Os resultados desses três aspectos relacionados entre si foram confrontados de maneira a se verificar em que medida essas correlações ocorreram. Constatou-se que, para um sujeito resumir uma história, a competência que parece mais presente é sua habilidade metatextual, ou seja, sua atenção para a superestrutura do texto-fonte. Ao mesmo tempo, essa consciência metatextual também é importante para a compreensão do texto, na medida em que se constitui numa espécie de moldura que o orienta na compreensão de uma história.
Bilinguismo como potencial proteção contra o declínio da memória de trabalho no envelhecimento
Authors: Billig Johanna Dagort , Finger Ingrid
Published: October 2016

A hipótese de uma experiência bilíngue impactar no desempenho de crianças é motivo de escrutínio na literatura há bastante tempo. Porém, foi só mais recentemente que se passou a investigar o impacto dessa experiência na vida adulta e no envelhecimento. Evidências do bilinguismo como uma espécie de proteção contra o declínio cognitivo no envelhecimento têm sido recebidas com entusiasmo, uma vez que o envelhecimento é o principal fator de risco para síndromes demenciais. O presente estudo buscou investigar a extensão do impacto do bilinguismo na memória de trabalho de idosos e adultos. Para tanto, investigou-se o desempenho de 136 participantes bilíngues e monolíngues na tarefa N-back. Os resultados revelaram que bilíngues e monolíngues se comportaram de maneira similar em termos de acurácia, mas os idosos bilíngues foram mais rápidos do que os idosos monolíngues na resolução das tarefas, o que revela menores custos cognitivos para os bilíngues. Além disso, a magnitude da diferença do desempenho entre adultos e idosos em termos de tempo de reação foi menor entre os bilíngues, sugerindo que o bilinguismo esteja atuando como reserva cognitiva, retardando o impacto do envelhecimento.