bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Municipalist Activism to Institutional Changes: An Analysis of the Subnational Dimension in Mercosur (1995-2019)
Authors: Junqueira Cairo Gabriel Borges
Published: December 2021

Abstract Mercosur has gone through distinct phases, leading to the articulation between a myriad of sectors, groups, and actors, among which subnational governments stand out. Local governments started this movement in 1995, with the foundation of the Mercosur Cities Network. In 2000, the Specialized Meeting of Municipalities and Intendencies (REMI) was created, replaced in the following years by the Mercosur Advisory Forum of Municipalities, States, Provinces, and Departments (FCCR), known for being the channel for subnational representation in the bloc. Drawing on bibliographic and document analysis, in addition to interviews and questionnaires, this article aims to analyze the internationalization and inclusion of subnational actors in Mercosur, mainly focusing on the changes observed over the years within these three institutions. The first section introduces the literature on paradiplomacy and deals specifically with Mercosur, seeking to verify how the regional agenda has been expanded, despite decision-making processes not being decentralized. The second and third sections analyse the origins of subnational integration through Mercocities alongside the development of REMI and FCCR. Considering the historical and institutional specificities of Mercosur, the research concludes by questioning the assumption of International Relations literature that regional blocs are potential arenas for effective internationalization of subnational governments.
On the synchrony, variation and diachrony of adverbial exceptive clauses in Polish
Authors: Jędrzejowski Łukasz
Published: December 2021

In this article, I examine the synchrony and diachrony of adverbial exceptive clauses in Polish headed by the complex complementizer 'chyba że' (unless). Synchronically, I argue that 'chyba-że'-clauses are syntactically nonintegrated adverbial clauses and that they cannot be analyzed as negated conditionals, although both clause types can give rise to an exceptive interpretation. Diachronically, I provide an analysis according to which 'chyba że' (unless) is treated as a complex C-head that is due to head adjunction of the discourse particle 'chyba' (presumably) and of the declarative complementizer 'że' (that). Essentially, there are three main factors that paved the way for the development of the exceptive complementizer in Polish: i) syntactic adjacency of the discourse particle 'chyba' (presumably) and of the declarative complementizer 'że' (that) establishing a subordination relation between the matrix clause and the embedded clause, ii) movement of the conditional clitic 'by' from MoodP to the CP domain, and iii) accommodation of negation of focus alternatives. As it will turn out, this process was completed in Middle Polish (1543-1765).
Same: Structural sources of anaphora and relativization
Authors: Hanink Emily A. , Hanink Emily A.
Published: December 2021

This paper offers a unified structural analysis of anaphora and relative clauses licensed by same within definite descriptions. Taking as a point of departure the proposal that indices occupy syntactic positions in anaphoric DPs (Schwarz 2009; Simonenko 2014, i.a.), I examine the open issue of how anaphoric modifiers, particularly same, interact with this proposed structural complexity. Based on the morphosyntactic behavior of definites with same, I argue that indices may be introduced via different positions within the DP. I argue moreover that the behavior of same in both anaphoric and non-anaphoric contexts supports the view that same is syntactically an equative head (Alrenga 2007; Oxford 2010), whose selectional properties are shared across equative constructions. I also propose an analysis of as-relatives that accounts for their alternation with anaphoric interpretations, and offer a comparison with restrictive relatives.
Management of Investment and Construction Projects in Terms of Project Financing
Authors: Kovalevskaya Natalya
Published: December 2021

The possibilities of applying the project approach to the financing of investment and construction projects are considered. The article analyzes the implementation of the processes of housing construction project management in the context of changes in the legislative framework and the transition of the activities of real estate developers to project financing. The article considers the features of project finance that are significant for project management as a form of project resource management, which determine its advantages in comparison with traditional bank lending. The expediency of adjusting the project risk management processes in the context of a legally approved transition to project financing is justified. The article analyzes the impact of changes in the legislation regulating the conditions for financing investment and construction projects on the situation in the residential real estate market. The advantages and limitations of project financing for various participants of investment and construction projects in the field of residential real estate are identified.
Transformation of Management of the Timber Industry Complex of the Baikal Region During the Transition to a New Technological Paradigm
Authors: Samarukha Victor , Zhabina Daria , Lovchagin Sergey
Published: December 2021

In the context of economic downturn, increasing competition and uncertainties in the global market, in connection with the transition to a new technological paradigm, Russia should move from an ultra-liberal model of economic management to a planned market model focused on the results of economic growth and modernization of production. This requires increasing state control in the reproduction processes in the timber industry (LPC) (taking into account the principles of the «green economy»), which requires deep theoretical understanding, including management transformation at the federal and regional levels. In this article, we employed general scientific methods to show the urgent need for transforming the management of the Baikal region LPC, restructuring the system of institutions, in order to ensure the formation and implementation of large-scale modernization projects in this area on a scientific basis, achieve stable economic growth, and increase the competitiveness of the Russian LPC on the global market. We proposed that the foundation of this system should be a federal subject of management - the Ministry of Forestry of the Russian Federation, which performs the functions of planning, organizing, and motivating the transition of LPC enterprises to a new technological paradigm.
Economic and Theoretical Aspects of the Structure of the Modern Economy
Authors: Trofimov Evgeniy , Trofimova Tatyana
Published: December 2021

The article analyzed the modern structure of social production. From the standpoint of classical political economy, we demonstrated the traditional division of the economy into the sphere of material production and the non-production sphere. We argue that in the conditions of scientific and technological innovation, it became necessary to differentiate social production into the sphere of material production (the real sector of the economy) and infrastructure. We highlighted the need to identify the production, energy, social, institutional, information, and environmental infrastructural components in the infrastructure complex. We consider that further social development will lead to the emergence of new infrastructural segments of the economy.
Incipient motion of Armorflex articulating concrete blocks on steep slopes
Authors: Delport K , Basson G R , Bosman A
Published: December 2021

Armorflex is an articulating concrete block erosion protection measure that has been used as an alternative to riprap for many years. Even though extensive research and hydraulic testing have been conducted on Armorflex, the principal constraint on the use of concrete blocks has been the lack of information on prototype performance. Furthermore, there are no standards for Armorflex or articulating concrete block revetments in the South African National Standards, and design guidelines from Armorflex manufacturers are insufficient. The aim of this study was to improve the understanding of the critical flow conditions under which Armorflex blocks are lifted and removed by flowing water in open channel flow applications. Scaled laboratory tests were conducted on Armorflex 140 and Armorflex 180 blocks. Liu's theory of 1957 is applied in an attempt to define the point where block movement is initiated.
A parametric design process model for box culverts
Authors: Ngobeni N , Marnewick A L , Van Vuuren D J
Published: December 2021

This research proposes a parametric design process model to improve the structural engineering project team performance by automating the design and three-dimensional modelling procedures of box culverts. Although standardised design procedures can reduce the design time of repetitive structures such as box culverts, the increased time and effort required for revising construction drawings negatively impacts a project's performance. A literature review was conducted to develop a theoretical process model to improve the current structural design optimisation and three-dimensional modelling procedures of box culverts. The proposed process model was validated using structured interviews with professionally registered structural engineers for appropriateness to box culverts and the potential to improve project performance. The data analysis revealed that the interviewed engineers were in favour of automating the design optimisation and three-dimensional modelling procedures of box culverts. Moreover, parametric design automation would result in improved project performance when encountering an inevitable design change. However, the user's control over the output of each process should not be discarded. This study can help readers understand the transformation of the structural design and three-dimensional modelling procedures of repetitive structures, such as box culverts, into an algorithmic form to achieve improved project performance.
PlatMine pillar strength formula for the UG2 Reef
Authors: Watson B.P. , Lamos R.A. , Roberts D.P.
Published: December 2021

The Upper Group 2 (UG2) chromitite reef is a shallow-dipping stratiform tabular orebody in the South African Bushveld Complex, which strikes for hundreds of kilometres. Mining is extensive, with depths ranging from close-to-surface to 2 500 m. Pillars are widely used to support the open stopes and bords. Little work has been done in the past to determine the strength of pillars on the UG2 Reef and design was done using formulae developed for other hard-rock mines. This has led to oversized pillars with consequent sterilization of ore. In this paper we describe a back-analysis of stable and failed UG2 pillars on the Bushveld platinum mines, and provides a strength formula for UG2 pillars. The formula may be used cautiously on all Bushveld platinum mines with similar geotechnical, geometrical, and geomechanical conditions to the pillars in the database.
Truck dispatching in surface mines -Application of fuzzy linear programming
Authors: Moradi-Afrapoli A. , Upadhyay S. , Askari-Nasab H.
Published: December 2021

Material handling in surface mines accounts for around 50% of the operational cost. Optimum truck dispatching plays a critical role in the reduction of this operational cost in truck and shovel surface mines. Researchers in this field have presented several mathematical models to solve the truck dispatching problem optimally. However, a critical survey of the literature has shown that three significant drawbacks exist in the available truck dispatching models. The published models underestimate the importance of the interaction between truck fleet, shovel fleet, and the processing plants. They also disregard goals set by strategic-level plans. Moreover, none of the available models account for the uncertainty associated with the input parameters. In this paper we present a new truck dispatching model that covers all of these drawbacks, using a fuzzy linear programming method. The performance of the developed model was evaluated through implementatin in an active surface mining operation. The results show a significant improvement in production and fleet utilization.
Crises and disruptions: Educational reflections, (re)imaginings, and (re)vitalization
Authors: Sayed Yusuf , Cooper Adam , John Vaughn M.
Published: December 2021

COVID-19 has illuminated and exacerbated inequities, yet, as a crisis, it is not exceptional in its effect on education. We start this critical essay by situating the crisis in its historical, economic, and political contexts, illustrating how crisis and violence intersect as structural conditions of late modernity, capitalism, and their education systems. Situating the current crisis contextually lays the foundation to analyse how it has been interpreted through three sets of policy imaginaries, characterised by the notions of learning loss and building back better and by solutions primarily based on techno-education. These concepts reflect and are reflective of the international aid and development paradigm during the pandemic. Building on this analysis, we present, in the final section, an alternative radical vision that calls on a sociology of possibilities and pedagogies of hope that we see to be central to a new people-centred education imaginary to disrupt current inequalities and provide a new way of doing rather than a return to a business-as-usual approach in and through education.
Karstlaşmanın insan yaşamı üzerindeki sınırlandırıcı etkisinin CBS tabanlı mekânsal istatistik analizleri ile saptanması (Arapgir-Malatya Platosu)
Authors: POLAT Pınar , GÖMÜÇ Murat
Published: December 2021

Munzur Kireçtaşları ve Alibonca Formasyonu’na ait marnlı-kumlu kireçtaşlarının yüzeylendiği ArapgirPlatosu, çıplak ve sığ karstın geliştiği bir alandır. Fakat litostratigrafik farklılaşmaya bağlı olarakkarstlaşmanın karakteri, litolojik birimler arasında farklılaşmaktadır. Karstlaşma süreci, tektonikrejim farklılaşmaları ve iklim değişikliklerine bağlı olarak jeolojik geçmiş boyunca zaman zamankesintilere maruz kalmış olsa da süreç devam etmiştir. Zaman içerisinde karstlaşmanın etkinliğiyavaşlamış, flüvyal aşınım ve mekanik çözünme daha aktifleşmiş, lapya ve dolin oluşumları yeryer tahribata uğramıştır. Bu doğal tahribat ile sığ karst oluşumu bir araya gelince; su varlığı, toprakoluşumu ve vejetasyon açısından sınırlı, insan yaşamı ve beşeri faaliyetler açısından zorlu, taşlıkbir arazi ortaya çıkmıştır. Alanın bu mevcut durumundan dolayı, platonun bu kısmında hemen hemenhiçbir daimi yerleşme bulunmamakta ve tarımsal faaliyetler sınırlı olduğu için arazi kullanımısadece yaylak-otlak alanı olarak gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ve hedefi doğrultusunda,karstlaşmanın yerleşme seçimi ve arazi kullanımı üzerindeki sınırlandırıcı ve belirleyici etkisinisaptamak için karstik aşınım şekilleri uygulamalı ve basit rastgele örneklem metotlarına uygun birşekilde sayısallaştırılarak, bir takım CBS tabanlı mekânsal istatistik analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur.Analizler sonucunda, karstlaşmanın yerleşme seçimi ve arazi kullanımı üzerinde sınırlandırıcı vebelirleyici bir etken olduğu istatistiksel olarak saptanmıştır.
Effect of Ultrasonic Techniques on Welding Technologies
Authors: Sawicki Antoni
Published: December 2021

The article discusses selected physical properties of industrial ultrasonic equipment utilising the magnetostrictive or electrostrictive effect. Particular attention was paid to equipment enabling the ultrasonic welding of various metals and thermoplastics. The research involved the comparison of various designs and operation of technological equipment, taking into account selected energy, control and environmental aspects. Based on reference publications it was possible to determine and categorise general features concerning the application of ultrasonic technologies as well as to indicate factors responsible for the formation of imperfections during the ultrasonic welding process.
The Development and State of Criminal Legislation on Responsibility for Smuggling Strategically Important Goods and Resources
Authors: Ustinova T. D. , Rubtsova A. S.
Published: December 2021

The paper is devoted to monitoring the development in the Russian criminal legislation of responsibility for the illegal movement of strategically important goods and resources across the customs border of the Customs Union within the EurAsEC or the State border of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the author argues the correctness of the indication in the disposition of Art. 226.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation a State Border as a place of commission of the crime under consideration. The author provides a detailed list of strategically important goods and resources, since the establishment of the subject matter of a crime makes it possible to qualify the offense and differntiate criminal smuggling from smuggling the responsibility for which is envisaged only in administrative legislation. The author substantiates the statement according to which this type of smuggling infringes not on public safety, but on relations in the field of economic activity. Therefore, a proposal is made to return the criminal law rule to Ch. 22 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. At the same time, it is proposed to establish criminal liability for smuggling flora and fauna items classified as strategically important goods and resources in a separate article in the Chapter entitled "Environmental Crimes" with due regard to the social danger of this act. The liability should not be related to the value of the goods and resources being moved. Taking into account only the cost of biological resources in their protection under criminal law does not reflect the real social danger of these acts. The need for the protection of biological resources using criminal law instruments is caused not only and not so much by economic preconditions but by the need to preserve rare and endangered representatives of flora and fauna for future generations—the most important components of the ecosystem of the entire planet. The author draws conclusions largely aimed at observing the systematic nature of the criminal law due to the peculiarities of the object of the offence.
Family Law in the Context of a New Social Reality Formation: Doctrinal Principles of Law Enforcement
Authors: Ksenofontova D. S.
Published: December 2021

Improving the legal regulation of family relations involves the search and implementation of new social, organizational, legal and other measures to support the functioning of the traditional institution of the family. At the same time, family legislation does not always take into account modern trends in the life of society, which to a certain extent hinders the exercise and protection of family rights, as well as ensuring a fair balance of interests of participants in family and other relationships. In this sense, in some cases, higher courts react most effectively, taking into account even minor changes in social reality in a timely manner.

The transformation of the family law in the context of changing social reality is based on two conceptual principles: firstly, the preservation of traditional family values of Russian society and, as a consequence, the reflection of such at the legislative level and in judicial practice, and secondly, legislative and law enforcement response to the latest social practices. These principles of transformation of family law complement each other, allowing us to take into account the public demands of various social groups.

The main directions of the modern transformation of family law, reflected in judicial practice, include the following. First, the expansion of the sphere of family law regulation of public relations is due to the complexity of the system of social relations. Second, it is the expansion of the system of intersectoral relations of family law, caused by the complexity of the legal regulation of public relations in general. Its consequences are a shift in emphasis in ensuring a fair balance of interests of participants in family and other legal relations, the strengthening of civil law principles in the regulation of family relations, giving traditional family law institutions new optional properties and purpose, including the penetration of public legal goals in the private legal field of family life. Third, it is to ensure gender balance in family relations at the law enforcement level.
Complex Slip Distribution of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo, China, Earthquake: An Event Occurring on the Slowly Slipping Fault
Authors: Guo Rumeng , Yang Hongfeng , Li Yu , Zheng Yong , Zhang Lupeng
Published: December 2021

The 21 May 2021 Maduo earthquake occurred on the Kunlun Mountain Pass–Jiangcuo fault (KMPJF), a seismogenic fault with no documented large earthquakes. To probe its kinematics, we first estimate the slip rates of the KMPJF and Tuosuo Lake segment (TLS, ∼75 km north of the KMPJF) of the East Kunlun fault (EKLF) based on the secular Global Positioning System (GPS) data using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. Our model reveals that the slip rates of the KMPJF and TLS are 1.7 ± 0.8 and 7.1 ± 0.3 mm/yr, respectively. Then, we invert high-resolution GPS and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations to decipher the fault geometry and detailed coseismic slip distribution associated with the Maduo earthquake. The geometry of the KMPFJ significantly varies along strike, composed of five fault subsegments. The most slip is accommodated by two steeply dipping fault segments, with the patch of large sinistral slip concentrated in the shallow depth on a simple straight structure. The released seismic moment is ∼1.5×1020  N·m, equivalent to an Mw 7.39 event, with a peak slip of ∼9.3 m. Combining the average coseismic slip and slip rate of the main fault, an earthquake recurrence period of ∼1250−400+1120  yr is estimated. The Maduo earthquake reminds us to reevaluate the potential of seismic gaps where slip rates are low. Based on our calculated Coulomb failure stress, the Maduo earthquake imposes positive stress on the Maqin–Maqu segment of the EKLF, a long-recognized seismic gap, implying that it may accelerate the occurrence of the next major event in this region.
GENÇLİĞİN “İNANÇ PROBLEMLERİNİN” GERÇEKLİĞİ: ELEŞTİREL BİR OKUMA
Authors: İNCE Abdullah
Published: December 2021

Gençlik, gelişim dönemleri içinde değişime en açık dönemdir. Gençlik döneminde bireylerin kimliği belirginleşmeye başlar. Kimliğin kurucu unsuru olan inanç, gençlik döneminde sorgulamalara konu olur. Bu dönemde gençler geleneksel otoriteleri sorgular ve inancını yeniden kurar. İnancın yeniden kurulması ve karar bulması aşamasında gençler çeşitli değişimler yaşarlar. Gençlerin yaptığı sorgulama ve yaşadığı değişim yerleşik toplumsal kodlar açısından farklı algılanabilir. Bu algılardan bir kısmına göre gençlerdeki değişim, farklılaşma yerine bozulma olarak anlaşılabilir. Bu çalışmada, ilk olarak gençlerin inanç problemleri konusundaki toplumsal tutumlar kategorik olarak ele alınmakta ve değerlendirilmektedir. İkinci olarak gençlerin inanç problemleri konusundaki alan araştırmaları eleştirel bir analize tabi tutulmaktadır. Bahsi geçen alan araştırmaları yöntem, içerik ve üslup açısından bazı eksiklikler taşımaktadır. Buna göre gençlerin inanç problemleri konusundaki literatürün bir kısmı gençlik dindarlığı, gençlerin inançları ve gençlerin inanç problemlerini anlamayı zorlaştırmakta, konuyla ilgili yanlış algıları beslemektedir.
Political business cycle and fiscal discipline in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Obakemi Funsho , Adebowale Hammed Adesola , Yusuf Babatunde Nageri , Nev Timothy Terwase
Published: December 2021

We tested the Political Business Cycle theory in Sub-Sahara Africa. To provide an empirical explanation for this nexus, this paper used unbalanced panel data from thirty-six (36) Sub-Saharan African countries between 1990 and 2018. The system Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) developed by Arrelano-Bover/Blundell-Bond was employed to analyze the collected data. The results of the system GMM revealed that the fiscal deficit is significantly large in election years and the deficit spending spills into the year after the election, though not as high as in the election year. We could not, however, find a significant effect in the pre-election year. In addition, we found evidence suggesting that though democracy significantly lowers the fiscal deficit, it promotes higher deficit spending in the election year and the year after the election. Hence, the study established the existence of a political business cycle in Sub-Saharan African countries. The study thus recommends that sound economic policies should be put in place to reduce the persistent deficit in SSA so as to maintain sustainable fiscal health, as well as the sustainability of macroeconomics, particularly enhanced industrialization, as the study found that countries' fiscal deficits are lower in more industrialized countries in the region.
The role of automatic stabilizers in business cycle: the case of indonesia
Authors: Kuncoro Haryo
Published: December 2021

TThe use of large fiscal stimulus packages to dampen the impact of Covid-19 recently has raised concerns about the effectiveness of the discretionary fiscal policy. This paper aims at analysing the feasibility of automatic fiscal stabilisers to mitigate economic fluctuations in the case of Indonesia. Using the IMF standard model for quarterly data over the period of 2001(1) to 2019(4), we find that the role of automatic fiscal stabilisers is getting greater both in revenue and spending. This implies that the automatic fiscal stabilisers are feasible as the main fiscal policy instrument for economic stability goals in the future. However, given the existing circumstances, Indonesia has to reform economic, regulatory, and institutional ecosystems in adopting the automatic fiscal stabilisers.
Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer and non-Alzheimer dementias
Authors: Balázs Nóra , Bereczki Dániel , Kovács Tibor
Published: December 2021

In aging societies, the morbidity and mortality of dementia is increasing at a significant rate, thereby imposing burden on healthcare, economy and the society as well. Patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life and life expectancy are greatly determined by the early diagnosis and the initiation of available symptomatic treatments. Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine have been the cornerstones of Alzheimer’s therapy for approximately two decades and over the years, more and more experience has been gained on their use in non-Alzheimer’s dementias too. The aim of our work was to provide a comprehensive summary about the use of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer’s and non-Alzheimers’s dementias.
Telling Holocaust Jokes on German Public Television
Authors: Langer Armin
Published: December 2021

Since 2015, Israeli-born German artist Shahak Shapira has initiated several satirical campaigns targeting antisemitism and racism in Germany and the country’s relation to the Holocaust. These interventions set Shapira’s career in motion, and in 2019 he landed a slot on the ZDF public broadcasting channel for the talk show Shapira Shapira. The show mocked antisemitism and far-right movements in Germany and reminded the viewers of the country’s history with Jews. His jokes about concentration camps and their contemporary perceptions proved to be especially effective. This article shows how Shahak Shapira and his show challenged the official narratives about Jews, antisemitism and the Holocaust. It argues that Shapira’s jokes might empower Jews and foster Holocaust awareness among the general public in Germany.
Editorial: Race and TV in Europe
Authors: Dasgupta Sudeep , Imre Anikó
Published: December 2021

This special issue on race and European television will begin the work of documenting and understanding the many ways in which television has both perpetuated and critically interrogated racialized regimes in Europe and in European countries’ ongoing relationships to their postcolonial geopolitical spheres. We have a dual goal for this issue: to break the silence and begin to describe, both retroactively and with a look to the future, television’s specific roles in visualizing, naturalizing, subverting and silencing race in Europe; and to account for the enduring reluctance to do this work in the first place.
Traditional and Flipped Learning: Which Enhances Students’ Academic Performance Better?
Authors:   College of Arts and Science, Rizal Technological University, Mandaluyong City, Philippines, Sablan J. R. , Prudente M.
Published: December 2021

Most of the learning institutions even before the global pandemic are using a blended learning strategy. One of the most promising and leading blended-strategy today is the Flipped Classroom Model (FCM). FCM, often called as inverted classroom or reversed instruction, is a teaching model where the content of the study is given outside the classroom and homework is done inside the classroom. Previous researches yields different results when FCM is compared with traditional learning in enhancing students’ academic performance. To address the problem, a meta-analysis has been conducted. In this study, 15 articles were chosen to be meta-analyzed. The researchers used the PRISMA model in conducting the meta-analysis and the Meta-essentials for data analysis. The analysis yields a p-value of 0.000 which means that there is a statistical significant effect by the intervention FCM to the academic performance of the students. The hedges’ g value of 0.93 has a verbal interpretation of large effect. Through subgroup analysis, it was found that FCM has a positive effect on the academic performance of the students in the subjects Physics and Mathematics with a p value of 0.000. This is also true in the subgroup, Geographical Location (Eastern and Western Countries), that yields a p-value of 0.000. Further, a moderator analysis on class size and intervention duration was also conducted. A significant p-value was found on the moderator implementation duration but not significant in the moderator class size. The analysis favors the longitudinal use of Flipped Classroom Model on enhancing student’s academic performance over Traditional Lecture Model in the subjects Physics and Mathematics regardless the class size of the students and the regions where the studies were conducted.
Research Insights: Can Salient Penalties and Enforcement on Tax Bills Increase Compliance Across Taxes?
Authors: López-Luzuriaga Andrea , Scartascini, Carlos
Published: December 2021

An analytical model and a field experiment in Argentina proved that salient enforcement messages on one type of tax could increase compliance with another tax. Salient messages of penalties and enforcement for the property tax had positive spillover effects on declaration of the gross sales tax, with taxpayers in the treatment group increasing their reported tax by 2 percent. Taxpayers appear to assume that higher enforcement of one tax implies higher enforcement for others, thereby increasing their compliance across taxes.
Life Сycle Аssessment of Management and Disposal of Oil-containing Wastes from Refineries
Authors: Kalinina E.V. , Rudakova L.V.
Published: December 2021

The results of the life cycle assessment (LCA) of oil waste (OW) management and disposal of refineries are presented, which include environmental impacts beyond the implementation of the techniques themselves, but also the production of the necessary material (reagents, materials) and energy (electricity, fuel, steam). LCA demonstrated that the most significant impacts of oil-containing waste treatment and disposal methods are in the categories Ecotoxicity (for freshwater)" and "Human toxicity" (cancer and non-cancer diseases)" resulting from the burning of fossil fuels and the emission of heavy metals (zinc, copper, vanadium, cobalt, chromium, nickel and lead).
Obligatory Social Insurance Against Industrial Accidents and Professional Diseases as a Social Security Law Institution and a Form of Social Protection of Working Citizens
Authors:   Lecturer of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Moscow University of Finance and Law (MFUA), Berezin Dmitriy A. , Levandovskaya Zhanna A. ,   Lawyer, Graduate of the College of the Moscow University of Finance and Law (MFUA)
Published: December 2021

The article, in accordance with general and special legislative provisions, examines the legal regulation of compulsory social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases of citizens who are in labor relations with an employer, as well as individual cases not recognized as insurance.
Alternative Transferee`s Right Protection Means not Entailing Violation of the Debtor`s Rights
Authors:   Leading Legal Counsel at the Department of Contracts and Claims of the Legal Directorate of Gazpromneft-ONPZ Joint-Stock Company, Postgraduate Student of the Siberian Law University, LL.M., Martsun Andrey A.
Published: December 2021

In this article, the author draws attention to a legislative misunderstanding in the form of depriving the debtor of the right to raise objections to the assignee in the context of Article 386 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, as protecting the rights of the assignee, but grossly violating the principle of inadmissibility of deteriorating the position of the debtor upon assignment of rights. The author proposed to amend the civil legislation (Articles 386 and 390 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation) in order to establish alternative methods of protecting the rights of the assignee that do not entail violation of the debtor’s rights. The author believes that the obligation to disclose the grounds for opposition should lie not with the debtor, but with the assignor, as the person responsible for the absence of such grounds. In addition, based on the study of foreign legal orders, the author concluded that the deprivation of the debtor’s right to raise objections to the assignee can be formalized on the basis of an agreement concluded between the assignee and the debtor, except in cases where the parties to the legal relationship are consumers.
Politik Hukum Pembentukan Legislasi Bidang Ekonomi Syariah Di Indonesia
Authors: Alamudi Ichwan Ahnaz , Hasan Ahmadi
Published: December 2021

Abstract: This study will disclose that the construction of legal legislates in the Islamic area is influenced by a sharia-based law polit. This is because community elements are Muslim majority. This study's method is more likely to be a legal-normative study with a legal-political approach. The government's function as a legislator in the establishment of Sharia economic law, according to this study, cannot be separated from the participation of users, the majority of whom are Muslims. Abstrak: Penelitian ini akan mengungkap bahwa pembentukan legislasi hukum bidang Syariah di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh politk hukum berbasis Syariah. Hal ini dikarenakan factor masyarakat yang mayoritas muslim. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini lebih cenderung pada kajian yuridis-normatif dengan pendekatan politik hukum.Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pemerintah sebagai legislator dalam pembentukan hukum ekonmi Syariah tidak terlepas dari peranan pengguna, yang mayoritasnya beragama Islam.
Efecto de los rasgos de personalidad sobre el autocontrol en estudiantes universitarios de Argentina
Authors: Galli Juan Ignacio , Del Valle Macarena Verónica , Zamora Eliana Vanesa , Canet-Juric Lorena
Published: December 2021

Los rasgos de personalidad han sido propuestos como posibles factores que pueden contribuir a explicar las diferencias individuales en el autocontrol. Sin embargo, los resultados reportados en la literatura sobre el tema son, en cierta medida, contradictorios. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el efecto de los cinco rasgos de personalidad sobre el autocontrol en estudiantes universitarios de Argentina.  Los análisis de correlación evidenciaron un patrón de correlaciones positivas entre las puntuaciones en autocontrol y los rasgos responsabilidad y amabilidad, así como relaciones negativas entre neuroticismo y las medidas de autocontrol.  A su vez, se presentaron correlaciones negativas entre el rasgo apertura a la experiencia y la dimensión control de los impulsos. Los análisis de regresión mostraron que los rasgos de personalidad en su conjunto explican el 43% de la varianza en la escala de autocontrol completa, el 28% de la varianza en la dimensión Control de los impulsos y el 42% de la varianza de la dimensión Autodisciplina, destacándose el rasgo responsabilidad como variable predictora de las puntuaciones en los tres casos.
European spruce (Picea abies L.) survival ability and morphological traits of seedlings treated with low-frequency electromagnetic field and planted with hydrogel application
Authors:   LLC Raznoservice, Smirnov A.I. , Nikitin V.F. ,   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch), Generalova A.A. ,   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch), Aksenov P.A. ,   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch)
Published: December 2021

The results of the study indicate a clear positive effect of the low-frequency electromagnetic field and hydrogel on the increase in the survival rate of experimental samples of European spruce seedlings (Picea abies L.) treated with BOT technology in relation to the control samples. The results of comparative biometric analysis are presented, which prove the effectiveness of methods of processing spruce seedlings with a low-frequency electromagnetic field and applying hydrogel to the soil. The histometric analysis of experimental and control samples of European Spruce seedlings confirmed the positive effect of the low-frequency electromagnetic field on the anatomical structure of the xylem of seedlings treated using the BOT technology.
State forest register as basis of greenhouse gas inventory for land use, land use change and forestry sector
Authors:   Institute of Forest of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Potapenko A.M. , Tolkacheva N.V. ,   Institute of Forest of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, But’kovets V.V. ,   Institute of Forest of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Shatravko A.V. ,   Logoisk forestry, Mokhnachev P.E. ,   Botanical Garden Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

The data on the assessment of the dynamics of forested lands of the Republic of Belarus are presented. The characteristics of the forest fund for the period 1994–2019 are presented. Based on the materials of the provisions of international treaties, documents adopted within the framework of the implementation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change at the international and national levels, including the Paris Agreement, the provisions of regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Belarus, the results of scientific research, information from the Ministry of Forestry, according to the data of the State Forest Cadastre, an assessment of greenhouse gases in the forest fund of the Republic of Belarus was carried out. CO2 emissions and sinks from forestry have been calculated in accordance with the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories using the stock-difference method. It was found that as a result of purposeful work on reforestation and reforestation over a 26-year period, a positive dynamics of the forest fund was achieved in the Republic of Belarus: the forested area increased by 919,6 thousand ha from 7360,7 thousand ha to 8280,3 thousand ha; the forest cover of the territory of the republic increased by 4,3 % and reached 39,9 %; the total standing timber stock increased by 739,5 million m3 from 1092,3 to 1831,8 million m3 (including in mature and over-mature stands — by 300,3 million m3 and amounted to 348,8 million m3); the reserve per hectare of forested land increased by 72,8 m3 and amounted to 221,2 m3/ha; the stock of mature and over-mature stands increased by an average of 52,6 m3 and reached 273,9 m3/ha.
Potential applications of some varieties of Hosta L. from collection of Laboratory of ornamental plants of Main Botanical Garden RAS on objects of urban landscape architecture
Authors:   The N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khokhlacheva Yu.A. , Mamaeva N.A. ,   The N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuznetsova Y.V. ,   Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Published: December 2021

According to one of the modern trends, botanical gardens located within the city limits should be their structural part not only in the territorial, but also in the functional aspect. Therefore, the purpose of the work is a scientifically based selection of representatives of the genus Hosta L. from the collection of the laboratory of ornamental plants of the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MBG RAS) — cultivars that are promising for use in urban landscape compositions and the development of various variants of flower compositions. The object of research is a sample of representatives of the genus Hosta from the collection of the laboratory of ornamental plants of the MBG RAS, containing 23 names. The composition of the sample population is formed on the basis of taking into account four criteria: 1) stability in culture; 2) belonging of varieties to different garden groups; 3) sufficient prevalence of the variety; 4) high coefficient of vegetative reproduction. Statistical processing of experimental data was carried out in accordance with classical methods using the program «STATISTICA Base». The development of models of flower beds is based on the methods and techniques generally accepted in the design of landscape compositions using the AutoCAD program. In the course of the conducted research, the selection of promising representatives of the genus Hosta for urban gardening was carried out and eight variants of flower compositions were proposed (rockery, 2 groups and 5 mixborders). It was found that in all the representatives of the genus Hosta recommended for use, the influence of genetic features dominates in the structure of variability of the studied quantitative characteristics, which provides a high probability of preserving the planned structure of flower compositions during the operation of the landscape architecture object.
Natural landscapes state of peasant manor in Astashovo village (Kostroma region) and prospects of their development
Authors:   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch), Leonova V.A. , Kulikova A.I. ,   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch), Tarasova L.A. ,   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch)
Published: December 2021

The historical information about the village of Astashovo and the owner of the peasant estate M. Sazonov is presented. Detailed information is given about the peculiarities of wooden architecture by the Russian architect I.P. Ropet (Petrov Ivan Nikolaevich, 1845-1908), according to whose sketches and drawings a tower house was built in the village of Astashovo (Ostashevo). The results of landscape analysis of the territory adjacent to the tower house, the former village of Ostashevo, are presented. The data of the inventory of tree plantations and their assortment are presented. Particular attention is paid to the glade, the place where the village was located, and the herbaceous plants that form the glade. Two options for improving the grass cover of the glade near the restored tower house are considered, the substantiation of the selected options is given.
Paper trapping research after adding Mulberry tree branches bark cellulose pulp
Authors:   Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry, Babakhanova Kh.A. , Galimova Z.K. ,   Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry, Аbdunazarov M.M. ,   Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry, Ismailov I.I. ,   Namangan Technology Institute
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the study results of paper trapping during inkjet printing which contains cellulose pulp from the inner bark layer of mulberry branches. The connection between the print density and the paper surface structure, in particular, water absorption and raggedness, is established. The study of the stepwise gradation transition and color rendition, the graphic accuracy of reproduction of the slur element of the image is carried out. Densitometric and microscopic analysis of the impressions printed on an inkjet printer was performed. It was revealed that the pigments of water ink, depending on the microgeometry of the paper surface, penetrated deeper in different ways. It was found that the maximum thickness of the paint layer, expressed using the optical density values for the primary colors of the subtractive synthesis, and the best color reproduction were provided by the surface of the paper sample with 100 % addition of cellulose pulp from the inner layer of the bark of mulberry tree branches, which has the least roughness, according to the scanning probe microscope Solver HV. Recommendations are given for testing paper data on inkjet printers that use pigment inks and are less demanding on the surface properties of paper, or by printing methods that do not use low-viscosity printing inks.
Technological Innovation as a Strategy for Competitive Advantage within the Namibian Banking Industry
Authors: Romeo Asa Asa , Tsanga Dennis , Januarie Christeline , Kamati Mekelaye
Published: December 2021

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effectiveness of technological innovation as a strategy for driving competitive advantage and increasing market share in the Namibian banking sector. Design/methodology/approach – A comprehensive literature review was done with the collaboration of a quantitative research approach to draw data relating to technological innovations and their impact on competitive advantage. Employees at Nedbank and FNB in Windhoek were selected as respondents representing the entire Namibian banking sector population. Results – The findings revealed a positive correlation between technological innovations as a strategy and competitive advantage and increased market share. Conclusion – The current fourth industrial revolution (4IR) expects organisations, banks in particular to tailor make their strategies to technological advancements the revolutions brings with else risk losing market share to existing competitors and emerging challenger banks.
Restitution of local government in Poland in the 1990s. Social perception of administrative reforms
Authors: Swacha Piotr , Wojnicki Jacek
Published: December 2021

One of the most important steps in the transition from the so-called “real socialism” to democracy was the process of administrative decentralization. In less than ten years, after the “round table” agreements, Polish parliament was able to introduce reforms that changed the structure of local governments. It created three tiers of self-governments and provided redistribution of authority, responsibility, tasks and competences between the government (and their institutions) and local governments. The first aim of the article is to present this process and indicate crucial decisions and actions made by Polish parliament. The second part of the article is mainly based on the results of a research made by CBOS and non-governmental organizations. The data shows how the local government has been perceived during the last two decades by Poles, it brings the information about a sense of influence on local affairs, the importance of local elections, trust in local authorities, belief in the influence of local authorities on local development, perception of the role and autonomy of local authorities. The second part of the article also contains secondary analysis of data on voting turnout in Polish local elections.