bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Thrombin-Based Hemostatic Agent in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Park Jung-Wee , Kim Tae Woo , Chang Chong Bum , Han Minji , Go Jong Jin , Park Byung Kyu , Jo Woo-Lam , Lee Young-Kyun
Published: October 2023

The effectiveness of Floseal, a thrombin-based hemostatic matrix, in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in minimizing blood loss and transfusion requirements remains a topic of debate. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the up-to-date randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy and safety of Floseal in TKA. A comprehensive search was conducted in electronic databases to identify relevant RCTs. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed, and data extraction was performed. The pooled effect sizes were calculated using standardized mean difference (SMD) or odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Eight studies involving 904 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The use of a thrombin-based hemostatic agent significantly reduced hemoglobin decline (SMD = −0.49, 95% CI: −0.92 to −0.07) and the risk of allogenic transfusion (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.81) but showed no significant difference in the volume of drainage or total blood loss. Funnel plots showed no evidence of publication bias. This meta-analysis provides robust evidence supporting the effectiveness of Floseal in reducing hemoglobin decline and transfusion in TKA. Further well-designed RCTs with longer follow-up periods are warranted to assess long-term efficacy and safety.
Impacts of Tidal Oscillations on Coastal Groundwater System in Reclaimed Land
Authors: Guo Jing , Ma Ye , Ding Chao , Zhao Huawen , Cheng Zhixin , Yan Guanxi , You Zaijin
Published: October 2023

The impact of tidal oscillations on groundwater in coastal reclamation land demonstrates the complex hydrodynamic interaction between seawater and coastal hydrological aquifer systems. The tidal action not only affects the temporal variability of groundwater levels but also exerts a significant influence on the groundwater gradients of salinity within the subsurface aquifers. This study takes the Songmu Area as an example to investigate this ocean–groundwater interaction. Songmu Area is located on a peninsula with coastal land reclamation in Dalian, China. Field campaigns were conducted in this area to measure the tidal action and groundwater parameters in a coastal reclaimed area at artificial backfill layers with pressure and salinity sensors, where the tidal signal can influence groundwater levels and salinity up to a one-kilometer range of inland. Tidal changes in the surface of the sea can be broken down into a number of simple, regular harmonic vibrations, each of which is called a tidal split. The tide and groundwater data were extracted using an enhanced harmonic analysis method. The fluctuations of groundwater levels and salinity were decomposed in response to the periodic tidal oscillation. Various constituents of tide attenuation in the coastal groundwater system were investigated. Our research shows that there is an exponential reduction in the fluctuating amplitude of groundwater levels and the groundwater salinity as distance further inland from the coast. The constituents of tide M2 (the period is 12.42 h of semi-diurnal tides, S2 (the period is 12.00 h of semi-diurnal tides), K1 (the period is 23.93 h of full-diurnal tides), and O1 (the period is 25.82 h of full-diurnal tides) behave differently for the tidal wave propagation and salinity variability in the coastal aquifer of reclaimed land. Among those constituents, M2 and S2 exhibit a higher degree of attenuation compared with K1 and O1. Understanding the relationship between groundwater levels and tidal fluctuations in coastal backfill areas is crucial for effective groundwater management strategies and mitigating the adverse impacts of seawater intrusion. This study can serve as a good understanding for assessing the impacts of various mitigation strategies.
Spatiotemporal Variations of Ocean Upwelling and Downwelling Induced by Wind Wakes of Offshore Wind Farms
Authors: Liu Kun , Du Jianting , Larsén Xiaoli Guo , Lian Zhan
Published: October 2023

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) generate large-scale wind wakes, which might lead to upwelling/downwelling. Understanding the vertical marine response to the wake effects is crucial for assessing the ecological impacts of OWFs and optimizing their co-deployments with mariculture. In this study, we employ a high-resolution ocean model to investigate the spatiotemporal variations of upwelling and downwelling induced by the wind wakes of OWFs through idealized numerical experiments. We have two main findings. First, the wind-wake-induced upwelling and downwelling are not balanced in the north–south direction, resulting in a net effect of thermocline rising. Second, the thermocline depth changes caused by wind wakes develop nonlinearly over time. Specifically, when the elevated thermocline approaches the sea surface, the upwelling slows down significantly. The spatially asymmetric pattern of the upwelling is attributed to horizontal Ekman transport, while its temporal nonlinear evolution is caused by stratification changes. By utilizing the simulated change law of thermocline depth, we calculate the ocean response of OWF wakes in China’s adjacent waters. The results suggest that baroclinic theory overestimates the ocean response in the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, and the nearshore waters of the East China Sea. However, in the open seas and the South China Shelf, the upwelling/downwelling is expected to be close to the theoretical calculations. This study provides a foundation for conducting regional simulations with high resolutions in areas where OWFs will be constructed.
Pricing Path-Dependent Options under Stochastic Volatility via Mellin Transform
Authors: Cao Jiling , Li Xi , Zhang Wenjun
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we derive closed-form formulas of first-order approximation for down-and-out barrier and floating strike lookback put option prices under a stochastic volatility model using an asymptotic approach. To find the explicit closed-form formulas for the zero-order term and the first-order correction term, we use Mellin transform. We also conduct a sensitivity analysis on these formulas, and compare the option prices calculated by them with those generated by Monte-Carlo simulation.
The Birth and Death of Affixes and Other Morphological Processes in English Derivation
Authors: Bauer Laurie
Published: October 2023

Linguistic change in morphology is usually discussed mainly in relation to change in inflectional morphology. In this paper, the focus is shifted to derivational morphology, where the issues are not entirely the same. In particular, the origins (or birth) of affixes and the loss (death) of affixes are central to the present discussion, with formal, semantic and pragmatic factors all having a role to play. The question is also raised as to whether it is, in principle, possible to tell that any affix is completely dead.
Behavioral and Neuropathological Phenotyping of the Tau58/2 and Tau58/4 Transgenic Mouse Models for FTDP-17
Authors: Van Dam Debby , Valkenburg Femke , Van Kolen Kristof , Pintelon Isabel , Timmermans Jean-Pierre , De Deyn Peter Paul
Published: October 2023

Background: The Tau58/2 and Tau58/4 mouse lines expressing 0N4R tau with a P301S mutation mimic aspects of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17). In a side-by-side comparison, we report the age-dependent development of cognitive, motor, and behavioral deficits in comparison with the spatial-temporal evolution of cellular tau pathology in both models. Methods: We applied the SHIRPA primary screen and specific neuromotor, behavioral, and cognitive paradigms. The spatiotemporal development of tau pathology was investigated immunohistochemically. Levels of sarkosyl-insoluble paired helical filaments were determined via a MesoScale Discovery biomarker assay. Results: Neuromotor impairments developed from age 3 months in both models. On electron microscopy, spinal cord neurofibrillary pathology was visible in mice aged 3 months; however, AT8 immunoreactivity was not yet observed in Tau58/4 mice. Behavioral abnormalities and memory deficits occurred at a later stage (>9 months) when tau pathology was fully disseminated throughout the brain. Spatiotemporally, tau pathology spread from the spinal cord via the midbrain to the frontal cortex, while the hippocampus was relatively spared, thus explaining the late onset of cognitive deficits. Conclusions: Our findings indicate the face and construct validity of both Tau58 models, which may provide new, valuable insights into the pathologic effects of tau species in vivo and may consequently facilitate the development of new therapeutic targets to delay or halt neurodegenerative processes occurring in tauopathies.
Co-Occurrence of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Lung Cancer—Coincidence or Not?
Authors: Munteanu Ioana , Gheorghevici Constantin , Coca Catalin Constantin , Diaconu George Alexandru , Sandru Alexandra Emilia , Feraru Nicolae , Popa Andreea , Nemes Roxana , Mahler Beatrice
Published: October 2023

Bronchopulmonary cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths globally. Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the risk factors for lung cancer, and those who use methotrexate have a higher risk of developing lung cancer. We present the case of an 80-year-old patient who is a former smoker and is known to have rheumatoid arthritis, being treated using methotrexate; they were brought by ambulance to the emergency room for coughing with ineffective expectoration, dyspnea on slight exertion, and right-lateral chest pain with onset about one month prior and progressive worsening. Imaging showed a 7 cm/6 cm LID tumorous lung formation with parietal invasion and C7 rib lysis, as well as diffuse fibrotic interstitial changes predominantly in the lower lobes. An ultrasound-guided transthoracic lung biopsy was performed, and histopathological examination established the diagnosis of invasive squamous cell lung carcinoma, G2. In conclusion, the chest pain interpreted by the patient as rheumatic pain delayed the diagnosis of lung cancer; the patient presented rather late to the hospital once respiratory failure set in.
Use of Functionalized Graphene-Based Materials on Grease
Authors: Tomanik Eduardo , Berto Paulo , Christinelli Wania , Papoulias Gabriela , Raby Xavier , Peressinotto Valdirene
Published: October 2023

The growing awareness of reduced friction losses and new demands for electrical powertrains demand improved lubricants. Due to their unique properties, such as high thermal and electrical conductivity, graphene and its derivatives have been investigated for tribological applications, especially as lubricant additives. In this work, we investigated three commercially available graphene variants, one comprising a few layers and the other two comprising nanoplates, after functionalization as additives to lithium soap grease. The grease temperature dropping point increased by approximately 6 °C. Additionally, during the reciprocating friction test, friction increased with the test duration for the baseline grease, whereas it decreased for the ones containing graphene-based additives. On the test end, friction was reduced by 8% compared to the baseline grease. On a four-ball tribometer, the wear scar was reduced from 10 to 18% compared to the baseline grease. In general, no significant difference was seen between the three graphene-based variants. The promising results found with graphene nanoplates, a less expensive material than a few graphene layers, creates opportunities for a cost-competitive additive to commercial greases.
Nonlinear Dynamic Responses of Rigid Rotor Supported by Thick Top Foil Bearings
Authors: Hu Bin , Yang Xiaodong , Hou Anping , Wang Rui , Wu Zhiyong , Ni Qifeng , Li Zhong
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on thick top foil bearings (TTFBs), which can prevent top foil from sagging and significantly reduce the load capacity of gas foil bearings (GFBs). However, the limited research on the dynamic responses of TTFB-rotor systems has hindered their wide application of TTFBs with high load capacity. To address this, an integrated nonlinear dynamic model is developed to analyze the linear dynamic responses of a rigid rotor supported on TTFBs. The model incorporates time domain orbit simulation, considering unsteady Reynolds equations, foil deformation equations, thick top foil motion equations, and rotor motion equations. A symmetrical test rig is used to validate the model, and three types of TTFBs with different bump foil stiffness are tested, with experimental results aligning with the model predictions. This study also investigates the effects of nominal clearance, static load, and unbalance on TTFB-rotor systems. The results indicate that unbalance has minimal impact on subsynchronous vibrations. However, larger bump foil stiffness, increased normal clearance, and higher static load contribute to improved stability and higher maximum stable speed of the TTFB-rotor system. Moreover, other relevant parameters reducing the bearing attitude angle can further enhance the system’s stability.
Kernel Words and Gap Sequences of the Tribonacci Word on an Infinite Alphabet
Authors: Zhang Jiemeng
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we propose a nuanced variation in the kernel words of the tribonacci sequence. Our primary objective is to investigate the intrinsic properties of the kernel words and associated gap sequences when the tribonacci sequence is expanded over an infinite alphabet.
Bifurcation and Stability Analysis of a New Fractional-Order Prey–Predator Model with Fear Effects in Toxic Injections
Authors: Liu Cuimin , Chen Yonggang , Yu Yingbin , Wang Zhen
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes a prey–predator model affected by fear effects and toxic substances. We used the Lipschitz condition to prove the uniqueness of the model solution and Laplace transform to prove the boundedness of the model solution. We used the fractional-order stability theorem to provide sufficient conditions for the local stability of equilibrium points, and selected fractional-order derivatives as parameters to perform Hopf bifurcation analysis on the system. Finally, the theoretical results are verified via numerical simulation. The results show that a value of α will affect the stability of the system and that the population size and the effect of toxic substances have a huge impact on the stability of the system.
Effect of Fusidic Acid and Some Nitrogen-Containing Derivatives on Liposomal and Mitochondrial Membranes
Authors: Dubinin Mikhail V. , Ilzorkina Anna I. , Salimova Elena V. , Landage Manish S. , Khoroshavina Ekaterina I. , Gudkov Sergey V. , Belosludtsev Konstantin N. , Parfenova Lyudmila V.
Published: October 2023

The paper assesses the membranotropic action of the natural antibiotic fusidic acid (FA) and its derivatives. It was found that a FA analogue with ethylenediamine moiety (derivative 2), in contrast to native FA and 3,11-dioxime analogue (derivative 1), is able to increase the mobility of the lipid bilayer in the zone of lipid headgroups, as well as to induce permeabilization of lecithin liposome membranes. A similar effect of derivative 2 is also observed in the case of rat liver mitochondrial membranes. We noted a decrease in the microviscosity of the mitochondrial membrane and nonspecific permeabilization of organelle membranes in the presence of this agent, which was accompanied by a decrease in mitochondrial Δψ and OXPHOS efficiency. This led to a reduction in mitochondrial calcium retention capacity. The derivatives also reduced the production of H2O2 by mitochondria. The paper considers the relationship between the structure of the tested compounds and the observed effects.
Inhibiting Biofilm Formation via Simultaneous Application of Nitric Oxide and Quorum Quenching Bacteria
Authors: Kim Youkyoung , Anburajan Parthiban , Kim Hyeok , Oh Hyun-Suk
Published: October 2023

Membrane biofouling is an inevitable challenge in membrane-based water treatment systems such as membrane bioreactors. Recent studies have shown that biological approaches based on bacterial signaling can effectively control biofilm formation. Quorum quenching (QQ) is known to inhibit biofilm growth by disrupting quorum sensing (QS) signaling, while nitric oxide (NO) signaling helps to disperse biofilms. In this study, batch biofilm experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of simultaneously applying NO signaling and QQ for biofilm control using Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 as a model microorganism. The NO treatment involved the injection of NONOates (NO donor compounds) into mature biofilms, while QQ was implemented by immobilizing QQ bacteria (Escherichia coli TOP10-AiiO or Rhodococcus sp. BH4) in alginate or polyvinyl alcohol/alginate beads to preserve the QQ activity. When QQ beads were applied together with (Z)-1-[N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-(n-propyl) amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (PAPA NONOate), they achieved a 39.0% to 71.3% reduction in biofilm formation, which was substantially higher compared to their individual applications (16.0% to 54.4%). These findings highlight the significant potential of combining QQ and NO technologies for effective biofilm control across a variety of processes that require enhanced biofilm inhibition.
Thermal Lattice Field during Ultra-Short Laser Pulse Irradiation of Metal Targets: A Fokker–Planck Analytical Model
Authors: Anghel Sinziana-Andreea , Oane Mihai , Mihăilescu Cristian N. , Sava Bogdan A. , Elişa Mihail , Mihăilescu Natalia , Ticoş Dorina , Trefilov Alexandra M. I. , Ristoscu Carmen , Filip Ana V. , Mihăilescu Ion N.
Published: October 2023

The ultrafast fs laser pulse heating of thin metal films is studied for the first time using the two-temperature model on the basis of the Fokker–Planck formalism. The incident laser radiation is multi-modal, while the electron temperature is described during the first 2 fs. The predictions are intended for use by experimentalists in optoelectronics, photonics, laser processing, electronics, and bio- and nanomedicine. The crucial role of the nano-sized spatial dimensions of the metal sample is highlighted. A significant result of this study is the interdependence between the target’s size, the phonon/lattice characteristics, and the coefficient β (the quotient of non-diffusive phenomena), which varies between zero (pure diffusive case) and one (pure non-diffusive case).
Editorial for Special Issue “Interactions between Plant Beneficial Pseudomonas spp. and Their Host”
Authors: Filion Martin
Published: October 2023

Plant-beneficial Pseudomonas spp [...]
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Cutibacterium acnes Isolated from Shoulder Surgery Reveals Insights into Genetic Diversity
Authors: Kurihara Mariana Neri Lucas , Santos Ingrid Nayara Marcelino , Eisen Ana Karolina Antunes , Caleiro Giovana Santos , Araújo Jansen de , Sales Romário Oliveira de , Pignatari Antônio Carlos , Salles Mauro José
Published: October 2023

Specific virulence factors that likely influence C. acnes invasion into deep tissues remain to be elucidated. Herein, we describe the frequency of C. acnes identification in deep tissue specimens of patients undergoing clean shoulder surgery and assess its phenotypic and genetic traits associated with virulence and antibiotic resistance patterns, compared with isolates from the skin of healthy volunteers. Multiple deep tissue specimens from the bone fragments, tendons, and bursa of 84 otherwise healthy patients undergoing primary clean-open and arthroscopic shoulder surgeries were aseptically collected. The overall yield of tissue sample cultures was 21.5% (55/255), with 11.8% (30/255) identified as C. acnes in 27.3% (23/84) of patients. Antibiotic resistance rates were low, with most strains expressing susceptibility to first-line antibiotics, while a few were resistant to penicillin and rifampicin. Phylotypes IB (73.3%) and II (23.3%) were predominant in deep tissue samples. Genomic analysis demonstrated differences in the pangenome of the isolates from the same clade. Even though strains displayed a range of pathogenic markers, such as biofilm formation, patients did not evolve to infection during the 1-year follow-up. This suggests that the presence of polyclonal C. acnes in multiple deep tissue samples does not necessarily indicate infection.
Assessment of the Virulence of the Burkholderia mallei Strain BAC 86/19 in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Gaspar Emanuelle Baldo , Santos Lenita Ramires dos , Egito Andréa Alves do , Santos Maria Goretti dos , Mantovani Cynthia , Rieger Juliana da Silva Gomes , Abrantes Guilherme Augusto de Sousa , Suniga Paula Adas Pereira , Favacho Júlia de Mendonça , Pinto Ingrid Batista , Nassar Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro , Santos Fernando Leandro dos , Araújo Flábio Ribeiro de
Published: October 2023

Burkholderia mallei is an aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile bacillus. As an obligate mammalian pathogen, it primarily affects solipeds. Although rarely transmitted to humans, the disease it causes, glanders, is classified as a zoonosis. The bacterium was officially eradicated in Brazil in 1969; however, it reemerged after three decades. This study aims to assess the virulence of a specific B. mallei strain, isolated in Brazil, in BALB/c mice through intranasal infection. The strain, B. mallei BAC 86/19, was obtained from the tracheal secretion of a young mare displaying positive serology but no clinical signs of glanders. Post-mortem examinations revealed macroscopic lesions consistent with the disease, however. In mice, the LD50 was determined to be approximately 1.59 × 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/animal. Mice exposed to either 0.1 × LD50 or 1 × LD50 displayed transient weight loss, which resolved after three or five days, respectively. B. mallei persisted within the liver and lung for five days post-infection and in the spleen for seven days. These findings underscore the detectable virulence of the Brazilian B. mallei BAC 86/19 strain in mice, which are relatively resilient hosts. This research points to the importance of the continued investigation of the virulence mechanisms and potential countermeasures associated with B. mallei infections, including their Brazilian isolates.
Geochemistry, Zircon U–Pb Geochronology, and Geological Significance of Late Mesozoic Magmatic Rocks in Guangxi Region (Southeastern China)
Authors: Mao Qing-Gang , Li Sai-Sai , Liu Xing-Yuan , Wu Jiang-Bo , Yan Chun-Jiang , Liu Kun , Huang Wen-Qiang
Published: October 2023

The geodynamic mechanisms that controlled magmatic activity in South China during the late Mesozoic have been a cutting-edge focus of recent research. Southeastern Guangxi, which is located at the juncture between the Pacific and Neo-Tethyan tectonic domains, is a transitional zone characterized by the occurrence of widespread Jurassic–Cretaceous magmatic rocks. Investigation of this region can shed light on the late Mesozoic tectonic setting of South China. We conducted U–Pb geochronological and geochemical analyses of the Liuwang granodiorite and quartz porphyry, which are exposed in southeastern Guangxi. Zircon U–Pb dating yielded an age of 161.8 ± 1.2 Ma for the granodiorite and 97.89 ± 0.68 Ma for the quartz porphyry, indicating that they formed during the Late Jurassic and Late Cretaceous, respectively. The Liuwang granodiorites are weakly peraluminous high-K calc-alkaline rocks characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (including Rb) and high field strength elements (including Th, U, Pb, and Ta) and depletion in Ba, Nb, and Sr. The granodiorites also exhibit weak rare earth element (REE) fractionation and slightly negative Eu anomalies. Conversely, the Liuwang quartz porphyry is weakly peraluminous and belongs to the potassic syenite series, transitioning into the high-K calc-alkaline series. It is characterized by enrichment in Rb and high field strength elements (including Th, U, Pb, and Ta), with depletion in Ba, Nb, Sr, and Zr. It does not exhibit REE fractionation but does yield prominent negative Eu anomalies. The granodiorite and quartz porphyry yield εHf(t) values of −23.26 to −2.48 and −4.4 to +0.8, respectively, with tDM2 ages of 2642–1270 and 1411–1081 Ma, respectively. These data suggest that the Liuwang granodiorite formed under a background of Late Jurassic lithospheric extension–thinning and was derived from partial melting of Palaeoproterozoic–Mesoproterozoic metasedimentary sandstones with a minor contribution from mantle-derived melts. In contrast, the Liuwang quartz porphyry was derived from partial melting of Mesoproterozoic pelitic rocks and formed in a Late Cretaceous tectonic setting linked to the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean beneath South China.
Microwave-Assisted Silanization of Magnetite Nanoparticles Pre-Synthesized by a 3D Microfluidic Platform
Authors: Niculescu Adelina-Gabriela , Moroșan Alina , Bîrcă Alexandra Cătălina , Gherasim Oana , Oprea Ovidiu Cristian , Vasile Bogdan Ștefan , Purcăreanu Bogdan , Mihaiescu Dan Eduard , Rădulescu Marius , Grumezescu Alexandru Mihai
Published: October 2023

Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) are among the most investigated nanomaterials, being recognized for their biocompatibility, versatility, and strong magnetic properties. Given that their applicability depends on their dimensions, crystal morphology, and surface chemistry, Fe3O4 NPs must be synthesized in a controlled, simple, and reproducible manner. Since conventional methods often lack tight control over reaction parameters and produce materials with unreliable characteristics, increased scientific interest has been directed to microfluidic techniques. In this context, the present paper describes the development of an innovative 3D microfluidic platform suitable for synthesizing uniform Fe3O4 NPs with fine-tuned properties. On-chip co-precipitation was performed, followed by microwave-assisted silanization. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized from the compositional and microstructural perspectives by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, supplementary physicochemical investigations, such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Kaiser Test, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometry, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Thermogravimetry and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG-DSC) analyses, demonstrated the successful surface modification. Considering the positive results, the presented synthesis and functionalization method represents a fast, reliable, and effective alternative for producing tailored magnetic nanoparticles.
The Potential of Bioaugmentation-Assisted Phytoremediation Derived Maize Biomass for the Production of Biomethane via Anaerobic Digestion
Authors: Paulo Ana M. , Caetano Nídia S. , Marques Ana P. G. C.
Published: October 2023

Anthropogenic behaviors are causing the severe build-up of heavy metal (HM) pollutants in the environment, particularly in soils. Amongst a diversity of remediation technologies, phytoremediation is an environmentally friendly technology that, when coupling tolerant plants to selected rhizospheric microorganisms, can greatly stimulate HM decontamination of soils. Maize (Zea mays) is a plant with the reported capacity for HM exclusion from contaminated soil but also has energetic importance. In this study, Zea mays was coupled with Rhizophagus irregularis, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), and Cupriavidus sp. strain 1C2, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as a remediation approach to remove Cd and Zn from an industrial contaminated soil (1.2 mg Cd kg−1 and 599 mg Zn kg−1) and generate plant biomass, by contrast to the conservative development of the plant in an agricultural (with no metal pollution) soil. Biomass production and metal accumulation by Z. mays were monitored, and an increase in plant yield of ca. 9% was observed after development in the contaminated soil compared to the soil without metal contamination, while the plants removed ca. 0.77% and 0.13% of the Cd and Zn initially present in the soil. The resulting biomass (roots, stems, and cobs) was used for biogas generation in several biomethane (BMP) assays to evaluate the potential end purpose of the phytoremediation-resulting biomass. It was perceptible that the HMs existent in the industrial soil did not hinder the anaerobic biodegradation of the biomass, being registered biomethane production yields of ca. 183 and 178 mL of CH4 g−1 VS of the complete plant grown in non-contaminated and contaminated soils, respectively. The generation of biomethane from HM-polluted soils’ phytoremediation-derived maize biomass represents thus a promising possibility to be a counterpart to biogas production in an increasingly challenging status of renewable energy necessities.
Effect of Different Rootstocks on the Salt Stress Tolerance and Fruit Quality of Grafted Eggplants (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Mozafarian Maryam , Hawrylak-Nowak Barbara , Kappel Noémi
Published: October 2023

Vegetable grafting is considered a rapid, non-chemical alternative method to relatively slow and expensive breeding to overcome the adverse effect of salinity. Therefore, a soilless experiment was performed to determine the salinity tolerance of eggplant (Solanum melongena) cv. Madonna grafted onto two different rootstocks, Solanum grandifolium × Solanum melongena (SH) and Solanum torvum (ST), as well as self-grafted (SG) and self-rooted (SR) as controls. All groups of plants were treated with 0 mM NaCl or 80 mM NaCl. A significant decrease in the relative leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and chlorophyll concentrations were found in response to NaCl. However, the grafted plants had a higher photosynthetic pigment level than the non-grafted plants grown under saline conditions. Grafting eggplants onto SH significantly enhanced the total fruit yield as compared to the self-rooted plants exposed to salinity by increasing the average fruit weight. Moreover, salt stress significantly increased the whitening index and oxidation potential of fruits. The plants grafted onto SH or ST accumulated more Na+ in their roots than in their fruit or leaves, thus the Na+ partitioning between the above-ground and root parts most probably determines the increased salinity tolerance of the grafted ST and SH plants. To conclude, both the SH and ST rootstocks protected the scions against salinity; the scion showed both increased photosynthetic pigment concentration and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters as well as a lower Na+ concentration under stress that resulted in a higher fruit yield and quality.
Special Issue on “CFD Based Researches and Applications for Fluid Machinery and Fluid Device, Volume II”
Authors: Kim Jin-Hyuk , Ahn Joon , Kim Sung-Min , Tan Lei , Pei Ji , Huang Bin
Published: October 2023

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based advanced numerical optimization techniques are essential as practical tools used to enhance the performance of various fluid machines and fluid devices for realizing carbon neutrality [...]
Editorial Overview of the Special Issue “Innovation in Chemical Plant Design”
Authors: Trucillo Paolo , Campardelli Roberta
Published: October 2023

Innovation in chemical plant design stands at the forefront of transformative advancements in the dynamic field of chemical engineering [...]
Unpacking Films That Educate: Insta-Explorations of Religion and Society in South Asian and World Cinema
Authors: Fatima Komal
Published: October 2023

With the increased availability of streaming services and access to international content a feature of today’s media consumption, can social media be used to explore the potential of global cinema to inform audiences about religion and society? As a media form, movies play a role in educating as well as entertaining society at large; narrative arcs from Bollywood, Hollywood, and beyond inform audiences about contemporary religious concepts. This research makes use of a practice-based journalistic methodology to explore the educative role movies can play in informing audiences about religious and societal concepts; the researcher produces a creative artefact appropriate for the discipline of journalism (in this instance, a social-media-based curated collection of movie reviews), with a contribution to the wider knowledge that is contextualised by this study. Using a deductive approach, the researcher narrows down an initial list of films, from a global selection of cinematic output, that covers religious and societal themes through a range of lenses (such as characters’ well-being, trauma, religious practice, and cultural values). The concepts and ideologies explored through this study and the construction of a social-media-based movie database suggest that cinema can play an active role in informing audiences about religion and society, instead of merely entertaining across cultures. The concepts and ideologies explored in this paper, through the construction of a social-media-based movie database, show that religious and societal issues in movies can be an important aspect of the lives of millions in the cinema-going audience.
Effects of Audio-Visual Environmental Factors on Emotion Perception of Campus Walking Spaces in Northeastern China
Authors: Ma Yuyao , Zhang Jun , Yang Xudong
Published: October 2023

In the context of urban sustainable development and the creation of pedestrian-friendly campus environments, optimizing campus walking spaces has emerged as a central focus in urban planning research. Presently, research in pedestrian environments predominantly adopts a macroscopic perspective, offering limited insights into pedestrians’ subjective experiences and emotional perceptions at a micro level. Therefore, this study conducted on-site experiments in 21 walking spaces across three campuses, utilizing image semantic analysis, multifunctional sound level meter, wearable electrocardiography devices, and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) to collect data separately on audio-visual environmental factors and pedestrians’ emotional states. This study’s findings revealed significant correlations (p < 0.01) among factors such as the Green Visual Index, Spatial Enclosure Index, Sky Visibility Index, Spatial feasibility Index, and Equivalent Continuous A-weighted Sound Pressure Level with physiological and psychological alterations in pedestrians’ emotions. Additionally, the various proportions of audio-visual environmental factors also exerted significant influences on emotions (p < 0.05). The relevant conclusions can provide a reference for optimizing the audio-visual environment of walking space and promoting the sustainable development of the campus. In future research, the effects of audio-visual environments on both emotional and physiological indicators, as well as subjective evaluations, can be explored further.
K252a Prevents Microglial Activation Induced by Anoxic Stimulation of Carotid Bodies in Rats
Authors: Cuéllar-Pérez Ricardo , Jauregui-Huerta Fernando , Ruvalcaba-Delgadillo Yaveth , Montero Sergio , Lemus Mónica , Roces de Álvarez-Buylla Elena , García-Estrada Joaquín , Luquín Sonia
Published: October 2023

Inducing carotid body anoxia through the administration of cyanide can result in oxygen deprivation. The lack of oxygen activates cellular responses in specific regions of the central nervous system, including the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala, which are regulated by afferent pathways from chemosensitive receptors. These receptors are modulated by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor TrkB. Oxygen deprivation can cause neuroinflammation in the brain regions that are activated by the afferent pathways from the chemosensitive carotid body. To investigate how microglia, a type of immune cell in the brain, respond to an anoxic environment resulting from the administration of NaCN, we studied the effects of blocking the TrkB receptor on this cell-type response. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized, and a dose of NaCN was injected into their carotid sinus to induce anoxia. Prior to the anoxic stimulus, the rats were given an intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of either K252a, a TrkB receptor inhibitor, BDNF, or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). After the anoxic stimulus, the rats were perfused with paraformaldehyde, and their brains were processed for microglia immunohistochemistry. The results indicated that the anoxic stimulation caused an increase in the number of reactive microglial cells in the hypothalamic arcuate, basolateral amygdala, and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. However, the infusion of the K252a TrkB receptor inhibitor prevented microglial activation in these regions.
THE PHENOMENON OF FREEDOM AS THE FUNDAMENTAL ESSENCE OF THE FORMATION OF SOCIETY
Authors: Rokhman Bohdan , Savchuk Oleh , Bilous Svitlana , Novosad Maria
Published: October 2023

The statement of basic materials. The authors define morals as a special mechanism of human relations regulation which functions under the condition of possibility of moral self-determination of a personality. They emphasize that a person is surrounded by a variety of necessities: he is governed by physical and social laws of a given society where he lives, its norms and rules, behavior stereotypes, traditions and rituals, economic necessity also shall to be taken into account. Demarcation of the subject fields of understanding of the category of moral choice as a way of realizing moral freedom determined by a set of factors of objective and subjective nature is being made in this investigation. Objective circumstances set certain external parameters for individual opportunities, making it difficult or easy for the process of personal self-realization. Strategic choice concerns first of all self-choice, i.e. the creation of one’s self by a person. It is emphasized in the article that the fatalistic opinion on this issue considers the choice to be a fiction, because it is conditioned by objective circumstances, and the decision is made under the pressure of objective necessity. The specificity of the ethical aspect of freedom lies in the fact that a person does not deal with the direct reflection of objective necessity in the phenomena and processes of nature and society, but with the norms that regulate his behavior.
Impacto económico en los estados de la frontera norte de México debido a una reducción en tiempos de espera en puertos de cruce internacional: el caso de vehículos de carga comercial
Authors: Gaytán Alfaro Edgar David , Fuentes Flores Noé Arón
Published: October 2023

En este trabajo se combinan un modelo de línea de espera y un modelo insumo producto. El objetivo es evaluar el impacto económico en cada entidad fronteriza mexicana del norte debido a un impulso de una reducción de 10 minutos del tiempo de espera en el sistema aduanal para el transporte de carga. Lo anterior debido a que el congestionamiento vial de vehículos comerciales con mercancías de exportación en los puertos de cruces fronterizos es un problema crítico para la competitividad e integración económica de México y Estados Unidos. Los resultados muestran que la Producción Bruta Total aumenta 1.6% en Baja California, 1.2% en Sonora, 1.5% en Chihuahua, 1.1% en Coahuila, 0.7% en Nuevo León y 1.8% en Tamaulipas.
Oncoguía de leucemia linfoblástica aguda 2023
Authors: Urbalejo Ceniceros Victor Itaí , Luna Pérez María Elena Monserrat , Amador Medina Lauro Fabian , Delgado López Nancy , Demichelis Gómez Roberta , Espinoza Bautista Karla Adriana , Gómez Almaguer David , Gómez de León Andrés , Meillón García Luis Antonio , Milán Salvatierra Andrea Iracema , Ramos Peñafiel Christian Omar , Ruiz Argüelles Guillermo J.
Published: October 2023

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant proliferation of lymphoid cells (lymphoblasts) that can be precursors of B or T cells. The most frequent age of onset is 1-4 years and in adolescents and young adults of 15-39 years old. The disease response is regulated by heterogeneity, disease biology, risk factors, chromosomal rearrangements, structural variations, and contact sequences that alter the lymphoid lineage's maturation; that causes cell activation and alterations in its regulation. The introduction of schemes based on L-asparaginase, the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as immunotherapy with blinatumomab have significantly improved the response and survival of patients between 60 % and 70 %. The objective of these guidelines of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is to show the current panorama of this pathology, guide the use of diagnostic tools, risk staging and, finally, offer the best available treatment options.
Respuesta inadecuada al tratamiento antidepresivo; recomendaciones de expertos
Authors: Vélez Escalante González Juan Enrique , Arnaud Gil Carlos Alberto , Ahumada Curiel Gabriel , Morales Rivero Alonso
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Major depressive disorder is common worldwide and one of the pathologies with the highest global burden. The dysfunction, the frequency of relapses and the high rate of suicide make this disorder a serious health problem. There is a delay for patients to receive diagnosis and optimal treatment, which decreases the response rate, increases dysfunction, and presents residual symptoms. One of the best predictors of early response is receiving treatment as soon as possible. While early treatment is associated with high remission rates if started before the first month, treatment after the third month is associated with low remission rates. It is called inadequate response to antidepressant treatment when the patient does not achieve 50 % improvement with a standardized treatment and implies a high risk for the patient of symptomatic chronification and a brutal negative impact on their functioning. Methodology. A group of experts analyzed the evidence from specific bibliographic searches and agreed on the pertinent recommendations. Recommendations. Treatment based on measurements is necessary to determine the degree of response and guide effective and timely treatment to achieve the best results in the management of depression. Periodic measurements must be made to determine the result and make decisions. Antidepressant pharmacological optimization, combination and adjuvant strategies are described for better patient management and algorithms for decision making are included. How to overcome the challenges of treating inappropriate response in major depressive disorder is discussed.
Analysis of the factors affecting successful completion of asynchronous online learning programs
Authors: Karunarathne Buddhika , Nanayakkara Vishaka , Ranasinghe Eshana , Ranasinghe Malik , Ahangama Supunmali , Wickramanayake Sandareka , Hettiarachchi Chathuranga
Published: October 2023

Within a year of its launch, the University of Moratuwa's open learning platform (open.uom.lk) has over 180,000 registered participants, providing free and open access to a series of asynchronous online courses in software development. Nearly 17,000 people have completed the two foundation courses: Python for Beginners and Web Development for Beginners. Considering the low overall completion rate compared to the total number of registered users, it is important to study the factors contributing to successful completion while promoting meaningful learning. To support the learning process, there are multiple activities like lecture videos, lecture notes, coding playgrounds, lecture slides, assessments, and discussion forums. Thus, this study investigates student behaviour to understand activities that are high in cognitive load and promote active engagement. The study is carried out using learning management system (LMS) user logs and feedback from completed and ongoing students. The elaborative logs with user activities and time stamps help identify the pace of completion by students with different capabilities and learning patterns. The study's findings will be useful to educators because they will be able to design similar LMS platforms that optimise student performance and promote effective learning outcomes. Furthermore, it would be useful to evaluate how students would manage the load in asynchronous online learning programs. Understanding how the learning and assessment activities are related to the completion of the course would enable predicting completion rates and times to properly plan for the employment opportunities for the successful learners.
Is it the new Google: Impact of ChatGPT on Students' Information Search Habits
Authors: Karunaratne Thashmee , Adesina Adenike
Published: October 2023

The traditional subject of information search and retrieval (IR) paradigm shifted to an entirely new era since artificial intelligence (AI) techniques were introduced into the field. Browser-based IR solutions powered by AI for personalised recommendations-based information retrieval, such as the Google search engine, were one of the early examples. The IR field has advanced to its next level with the newest conversational applications based on large language model (LLM) techniques. It is becoming clear that Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT) applications such as ChatGPT will significantly impact information retrieval behaviour in the education sector. Though this application has become widespread in acclaim, no previous study has shown its impact on information seeking and retrieval. However, based on the observation of the fast penetration of this technology and the growth of public interest, a pre-assumption was built that it is essential to investigate if students may also be showing a similar interest in this new tool. Hence, this study is set up to systematically and empirically explore how ChatGPT influences the IR behaviour of students in HEIs. A survey approach is utilised to collect the perceived IR behaviour through a questionnaire administered to 60 students in HEIs. The findings reveal that the tool is already widely known among HEI students. They also perceived the use of the tool in the context of information retrieval and proclaimed its usefulness, acknowledging its efficiency (reduced time) in finding information. Furthermore, the technology has considerably affected the typical use of other conventional information retrieval and search engine tools. On the contrary, 10% of the respondents are less likely to use ChatGPT during information seeking for various reasons, from credibility and relevance to technology infrastructure issues such as connectivity. Although a deeper analysis is required to establish a general conclusion on how and in which ways GPT-based models will override contemporary IR practices, the study outcome provides evidence for a possible behavioural change among HEI students in their IR habits in the future.
Bohater peryferyjnej Europy. Mężczyźni w podróżniczej prozie Andrzeja Stasiuka
Authors: Krupowies Walentyna
Published: October 2023

This analysis focuses on male figures in Andrzej Stasiuk's travel prose, including both Dukla and Going to Babadag, as well as references to Galician Tales. These are not fully-formed literary characters, but men encountered by Stasiuk during his numerous travels across Central-Eastern Europe. By describing these encounters, the writer creates a collective portrait of people that are linked to a specific time and place. The men in these texts are inhabitants of the deep provinces of Central-Eastern Europe in the 1990s and at the turn of the 21st century. The descriptions in regard to appearance, manners, occupation, and the like, allow us totalk about the condition of men in Eastern Europe along with their dependence on the peripheral location.