bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Learning Media " Tree Chart" to Improve Student Learning Outcomes for Tarikh Islam Lesson class 3 at Darussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School Gontor Ponorogo
Authors: Anwar Heru Saiful , Mufidah Zuhrotul , Arrouf Mustabshirin , Al-Murtadho Ajib
Published: December 2024

One of the subject matter contained in Islamic education is Tarikh Islam lessons. Tarikh Islam are one of the required lessons for students to be taught at Darussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School, which is lesson learns about Islamic history including the story of Rasulullah, Khulafaur Rashidin, Companions of Rasulullah and others. In teaching and learning activities, media is one of the important factors in learning. In view of the scores obtained by grade 3 H students in Islamic date lessons, there are 20 out of 37 students or 53% of students who get scores below the passing score standard, it is due to the lack of teachers in providing innovation in learning activities so that students become bored and do not pay attention to the lessons taught.  And one of the innovations that can be used is with  (Tree Chart) media learning. This study aims to, improve student activeness and learning outcomes in Islamic date subjects Class 3 H at at Darussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School by using Tree Chart learning media. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. In this study, researchers as teaching teachers and assisted by an Observer who supervises the condition of students. This research consists of the first cycle and the second cycle which consists of: Planning, Implementation, Observation, and Reflection. Data collection techniques and tools in this study are using descriptive analysis techniques on data in the form of documentation of student learning outcomes, observation sheets and test results The results of this study show that (1) the application of tree chart learning media   can increase student activity. With the presentation value of student activeness in the first cycle which reached 61.37% and increased in the second cycle which reached 84.12% with the presntase there was a difference between the first and second cycles which reached 22.75%. (2) The application of tree chart learning media  can improve student learning outcomes. The percentage in the first cycle of students who completed learning was 22 students out of 37 students or reached 59.45% with an average score of 5.91 and in the second cycle as many as 37 students or reached 100% with an average score of 7.78. With the explanation above, it can be concluded that tree chart learning media can increase student activeness and learning outcomes.
Keywords: Student Activeness, Learning Outcomes, Tarikh Islam Lessons, Tree Chart Learning Media
Integration of Direct Instruction Methods and Independent Learning Curriculum in the Teacher Training and Development Program (TTDP) at Darussalam Gontor University
Authors: Yusron Moh. Alwi , Anwar Saiful , Umami Halida , Haikal Muhammad , Mustofa Idam
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the implementation of the Integration of Direct Instruction Methods and Independent Learning Curriculum in the Teacher Training and Development Program (TTDP) at Darussalam Gontor University. The study employs a case study method to delve into the understanding of the execution, strengths, weaknesses, challenges, and opportunities within this integration. Findings reveal that TTDP at Darussalam Gontor University follows a three-step process: planning, execution, and evaluation. The execution involves the delivery of basic TTDP content, practical activities, and evaluation through tests and learning observations. The strengths of this integration lie in the enhancement of teaching quality, enabling trainee teachers to design more engaging learning experiences. However, challenges surface in the form of initial resistance to a shift in teaching paradigms and the need for institutional support. Opportunities exist in developing the professionalism of aspiring teachers and creating dynamic teaching materials. This research provides in-depth insights into the TTDP implementation, highlighting both positive changes and obstacles that need to be addressed. It contributes to understanding how the integration of direct instruction methods and independent learning curriculum can improve teacher training within this university context
رأي ابن خلدون في تأسيس الدولة وآثارها في الدول الاسلامية المعاصرة
Authors: Hutama Yurivda Hardian Mada Lanang , Rohman Moh. Mujibur
Published: December 2024

This article explores the contributions of Ibn Khaldun, a prominent Islamic scholar and the author of "al-Muqaddimah," widely regarded as the founder of sociology in Islam. The study employs a normative research method with an analytical and historical approach to examine his thoughts on statecraft, which are both conceptually rich and empirically grounded. Key findings include the Islamic concept of the state as a collective governed by a political system, Ibn Khaldun's role as a reformer integrating social issues into state formation, and his significant influence, especially in Arab countries and parts of Asia, on the development of sociopolitical thought
Worldview Islam dan Humanisme: Sebuah Telaah.
Authors: Perdana Martin , Wahyudi Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Humanisme merupakan pemikiran kotemporer yang sedang trend diimpor oleh para pemikir liberal ke dalam dunia Islam. Paham yang muaranya berasal dari Barat ini bukannya tanpa masalah, justru paham ini hadir membawa banyak permasalahan. Permasalahan utamanya terletak dari bagaimana mereka mengkonsepsikan hubungan antara Tuhan, manusia dan alam. Mereka cenderung memandang manusia sebagai pusat dan ukuran segala sesuatu. Konsekuwensi dari hal tersebut ialah alieniasi Tuhan dari alam semesta, ketidakbutuhannya pada agama dan pengarus utamaan manusia atas segala sesuatu. Jika ditelaah lebih mendalam, problem humanisme ini masuk ke wilayah worldview, yakni bagaimana kita melihat realitas dan kebenaran. Oleh karenanya, dengan telaah analisis kritis dan didukung dengan studi kepustakaan, peneliti berupaya untuk membedah problem humanisme dan dibandingkan dengan bagaimana Islam mengkonsepsikan permasalahan tersebut.
تطبيق وسيلة تعليم اللغة العربية “Learn With Farhan” لترقية مهارة القراءة والكتابة لدى طلاب الفصل الحادي عشر بالمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية سورابايا
Authors: Aulyaa Muhammad Habiibul , Al Farisi Mohamad Zaka , Nandes Rio
Published: December 2024

هذا البحث العلمي يهدف إلى معرفة مهارة القراءة والكتابة لدى طلاب الفصل الثاني عشر بالمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية سورابايا، ومعرفة تطبيق وسيلة تعليم اللغة العربية Learn With Farhan لترقية مهارة القراءة والكتابة لدى طلاب الفصل الثاني عشر بالمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية سورابايا، ومعرفة فعالية تطبيق وسيلة تعليم اللغة العربية Learn With Farhan لترقية مهارة القراءة والكتابة لدى طلاب الفصل الثاني عشر بالمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية سورابايا. أما طريقة البحث المستخدمة في هذا البحث العلمي فهي طريقة كمية. عدد العينة في هذا البحث هو 33 طالبا يعني طلاب الفصل الثاني عشر أ2 (XII-A2) بالمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية سورابايا. واستخدم الباحث رموز Paired Sample T-Test لمعرفة الفرق بين متغيرين. أما متغير مستقل (Variabel X) في هذا البحث فهو نتائج الاختبار القبلي قبل استخدام وسيلة تعليم اللغة العربية Learn With Farhan. وأما متغير تابع (Variabel Y) في هذا البحث فهو نتائج الاختبار البعدي بعد استخدام وسيلة تعليم اللغة العربية Learn With Farhan. وقد حصل الباحث على نتائج: أن القيمة المعنوية (Nilai Signifikansi 2-tailed) لمهارة القراءة 0،000 وهي أصغر من 0،05 فالخلاصة هناك الفرق بين نتائج الاختبار القبلي والاختبار البعدي، والفرضية الصفرية (H0) مردودة والفرضية البديلة (Ha) مقبولة. وأما مهارة الكتابة أن القيمة المعنوية (Nilai Signifikansi 2-tailed) 0،000 وهي أصغر من 0،05 فالخلاصة هناك الفرق بين نتائج الاختبار القبلي والاختبار البعدي، والفرضية الصفرية (H0) مردودة والفرضية البديلة (Ha) مقبولة. وهذه تدل على أن تطبيق وسيلة تعليم اللغة العربية Learn With Farhan فعال لترقية مهارة القراءة والكتابة لدى طلاب الفصل الثاني عشر أ2 بالمدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الحكومية سورابايا.
at-Tahlīl at-Taqābulī fī Uslūbi al-Qaṣr Baina al-Lughah al-`Arabiyyah wa al-Lughah al-Indūnīsiyyah wa Fawāiduhā at-Ta’līmiyyah
Authors: Prayitno Reno Aji , Santoso Nur Cholis Agus , Mustain Mustain
Published: December 2024

The Arabic language is rich in linguistic styles, and among these is the style of Qashr. When comparing this style with the grammatical rules of the Indonesian language, we find that the Indonesian language also possesses a Qashr style. This study aims to identify the similarities and differences in the style of Al Qashr between Arabic and Indonesian, focusing on how to construct the style of Al Qashr, as well as to know how to teach the style of Al Qashr in Arabic. The research also uses the contrastive descriptive method and to collect data on the subject of shortening, data collection tools were used, documentation and observation, through Arabic and Indonesian grammar books, balaghah book and university journals from the two languages. To analyze the data obtained, the researcher used the method of constrastive analysis. The result of this research are three: 1) What is agreed upon in the two languages, such as the style of Al Qashr with innama, lakin, bal, and taqdim haqqahu takhir 2) What is specific to Arabic, such as the style of Al Qashr with la, an-nafyu and al-istisna’ 3) What is specific to Indonesian. And how to teach the style of Al Qashr in Arabic begins with the style agreed upon between the two languages, such as the style of Al Qashr with the word innama and bal lakin and the presentation of what is due to delay in Arabic. After that, they move to teaching the style of shortening specific to Arabic.
Tahlil al-Mufrādāt fi Qarārāt ad-Dirāsiyyah 2020 lil Mustawā al-Ibtidāiyyah fi Ḍau`I al-Iṭār al-Marja’ī al-Musytarak lil Lughāt (CEFR)
Authors: Firmansyah Haris , R.U. Nafisatul Izza , Mabruroh Hani'atul , Mahliatussikah Hanik
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the quality of the vocabulary contained in the Arabic language textbooks for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level, published by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia in 2020, based on the CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference) guidelines. This study is purely a library research. The analytical technique used is content analysis, which is an effort to reveal the contents of a book. The results of this study indicate that the number of vocabulary words in the Arabic language textbooks for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level published by the Ministry of Religious Affairs in 2020 does not meet the CEFR standard requirements. The vocabulary level in these books does not reach the A1 level (the lowest level) in the CEFR due to the fact that the textbooks contain 353 vocabulary words, whereas the A1 level of the CEFR requires 500 vocabulary words, thus needing an additional 147 words to reach the A1 level.
Nephroblastoma in a 51-year-old Male
Authors: Bermudo Eldimson , Tan Jon Paolo , Abubakar Al-Zamzam
Published: December 2024

Nephroblastoma is an uncommon renal malignancy primarily observed in the pediatric population, with its occurrence in adults being exceedingly infrequent. We describe an extremely rare case of a malignant embryonal tumor presenting in an adult patient with right renal mass. Final histopathologic diagnosis was nephroblastoma with favorable histology. Use of immunohistochemistry studies is generally unnecessary but its rarity in the adult population raises uncertainty in diagnosing this malignancy by histomorphology alone.
Multi-Pathway Targeted Therapy of MASH-HCC Using miR-22
Authors: Hu Ying , Setayesh Tahereh , Wei Dongguang , Testerman Trenton John Edward , Ji Yutong , Wan Yu-Jui Yvonne
Published: December 2024

Background: The treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited, and there is no effective drug that can improve long-term survival rates. Complicated cocktails consisting of multiple medications with toxicities are frequently used to treat cancer. The current study addresses these knowledge gaps.
Methods: The study uses metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-HCC and HCC mouse models established by transfecting the livers using myr-AKT1, NRasV12, and Sleeping Beauty transposase. AAV8-miR-22 was delivered to MASH-HCC and HCC to study its preventive and therapeutic effects. Spatial transcriptomic profiling revealed the signaling pathways affected by miR-22 according to histological locations.
Results: miR-22 treatment effectively treated MASH-HCC and HCC. Treating mice with miR-22 before tumor initiation prevented oncogenesis. The promising anti-cancer effects were revealed by reduced tumor load, fibrosis, and splenomegaly, extending the survival time. miR-22 treatment generated anti-tumor immunity. The favorable treatment outcomes were accompanied by a reduction in dendritic cells, T and B cells, and plasma cells, which were expanded inside the tumors of MASH-HCC. In all animal trials, miR-22 improved metabolism and reduced glycolysis inside the tumors. Moreover, miR-22 profoundly inhibited extracellular matrix (ECM) and targeted MET, PDGF, tyrosine kinase signaling, and IGF pathways inside the tumors. Furthermore, the roles of miR-22 in blocking collagen formation and cross-assembly of collagen fibrils could be due to miR-22's effects in inhibiting Rho GTPase pathways, revealed at the tumor margin.
Conclusion: miR-22 generates anti-HCC effects by targeting many critical pathways in liver carcinogenesis in cancer and tumorigenic niches, potentially revolutionizing HCC treatment.
Gravitational field and lensing of a circular chiral vorton
Authors: Putra Leonardus B. , Ramadhan H. S.
Published: December 2024

We derive the metric of a circular chiral vorton in the weak field limit. The object is self-supporting by means of its chiral current. A conical singularity with deficit angle, identical to that of straight string with the same linear mass density, is present at the vorton’s core. We find that the metric is akin to the electromagnetic 4-potential of a circular current wire loop, illustrating the concept of gravito-electromagnetism. Surprisingly we find that the solution asymptotically mimics a Kerr-like naked singularity with mass M v = 4πRµ and spin parameter a = R/2. Finally, we also simulate the gravitational lensing images by solving the corresponding null geodesic equations. This reveals interesting properties of the images, such as the simultaneous creation of a minimally distorted source image and its Einstein ring, as well as the formation of double images on the back side of the ring.
Una teología de las plantas: derechos, obligaciones y cuasi-derechos
Authors: David Gonzalo
Published: December 2024

La presente nota busca trazar los primeros lineamientos para una teología de las plantas, tomando en consideración la teoría de la justicia de Nicholas Wolterstorff en tanto marco conceptual y como una alternativa cristiana frente a los discursos contemporáneos sobre la ecología, particularmente aquellos que tienen como punto de partida una cosmología panteísta. Para esto, se presentan las categorías de derechos, obligaciones y cuasi-derechos y el lugar de estas nociones en la interacción entre Dios, el ser humano y el mundo natural; se toman en cuenta las posibles dificultades metafísicas que éstas conllevan. Junto con este esfuerzo, se aborda el problema de la ausencia de agencia moral en las plantas y la posible solución recurriendo al mecanismo conocido como legitimación activa. Por último, se realizan algunas observaciones sobre las posibles suspicacias que generan los discursos sobre derechos en las democracias actuales y se plantean algunas pistas de reflexión para trabajos futuros.
Jesuitas españoles músicos en la España de los Austrias y de los borbones: algunas noticias de los siglos XVI al XVIII
Authors: Jorquera Juan
Published: December 2024

El presente escrito trata sobre noticias de jesuitas españoles que realizaron alguna práctica musical entre los siglos XVI al XVIII, ya sea como intérpretes-ejecutantes, compositores o como teóricos musicales, tanto aficionados como profesionales. Partimos nuestro trabajo considerando al propio fundador de la Orden, San Ignacio de Loyola, del cual se tienen varias noticias sobre su gusto por la música y su práctica musical, para luego continuar con destacados músicos reconocidos de los siglos XVII y XVIII, con excepción de los llamados jesuitas expulsos; Juan Andrés, Esteban de Arteaga y Antonio Eximeno, figuras que ya han sido estudiadas por destacados especialistas. En el siglo XVII, tenemos al padre Juan Eusebio Nieremberg, teólogo y gran pensador de la Compañía, entre cuyas inquietudes intelectuales también figuró la música. Luego, al padre José de Zaragozá, profesor de Matemáticas de Carlos II de Austria y destacado teórico musical o el padre Bernardo Lozano, director de la Capilla de Música del antiguo Colegio Imperial de Madrid, que desde hace unos años se ha develado como un importante músico de la Orden cuyas referencias encontradas datan desde aproximadamente mediados del siglo XVIII hasta 1767, año de expulsión de la Compañía de Jesús de todos los territorios de España.
La parroquia como expresión de la sinodalidad
Authors: Ramirez Basualdo Ricardo
Published: December 2024

La sinodalidad no designa un simple procedimiento, sino la forma peculiar en que vive y opera la Iglesia. La parroquia, comunidad de creyentes, es considerada como la célula local de la Iglesia. Dicha comunidad debiese vivir la comunión eclesial recorriendo juntos, de manera corresponsable, donde todos sean iguales, haciendo visible la misión global de la Iglesia. De ahí el desafío de la parroquia de vivir la sinodalidad. A partir de lo cual, en el presente trabajo se analizarán los fundamentos teológicos de la comunidad parroquial ante el desafío de la sinodalidad. En una primera parte, se intentará explicar las fuentes bíblicas y teológicas de la parroquia, en la segunda parte se abordará en qué consiste la sinodalidad en la Iglesia; para finalmente, comprender el desafío de la parroquia como espacio para favorecer la sinodalidad. Se tendrá como fuente principal la obra La parroquia de Enzo Bianchi y Renato Corti, además de otras fuentes secundarias. Asumiendo que el proceso eclesial que estamos viviendo compromete a la teología a hacerse de manera sinodal, promoviendo la escucha, el diálogo, para discernir e integrar los diferentes aportes a la realidad de la Iglesia.
Bien común y hospitalidad: Una lectura desde el pensamiento de Jean-Luc Marion
Authors: Novoa Francisco , Alarcón Angela
Published: December 2024

Este artículo explora la interconexión entre el bien común y la hospitalidad en el pensamiento de Jean-Luc Marion, subrayando su relación con el cristianismo y la fenomenología. Marion propone una visión del bien común que supera el individualismo, destacando la dimensión espiritual y trascendental como fundamento para la vida comunitaria y la hospitalidad incondicional. En este contexto, la hospitalidad no es solo una respuesta a las necesidades del otro, sino una acogida radical que renuncia a la reciprocidad, considerando al otro como un “fenómeno saturado” que desborda nuestras categorías de comprensión. Este estudio invita a replantear la hospitalidad y el bien común como componentes fundamentales de una ética que aborda los desafíos de la fragmentación social, la migración y la pluralidad cultural.
Los antecedentes teológicos del Papa Francisco y su Revolución de la Ternura: Una revolución que transforma la teología
Authors: Arboleda María Claudia
Published: December 2024

La teología del Papa Francisco se caracteriza por su enfoque en la “Revolución de la Ternura”, un concepto central en su pontificado. Este artículo explora los fundamentos teológicos que sustentan la centralidad de la ternura en su magisterio. Examina la influencia de la espiritualidad ignaciana, el contexto cultural y social argentino, y la relación de Francisco con teólogos contemporáneos. Destacada en sus encíclicas y documentos apostólicos, la ternura se presenta como una fuerza transformadora capaz de renovar las relaciones humanas y la percepción de Dios. Este estudio busca demostrar cómo la teología de la ternura promueve una práctica cristiana centrada en el amor y la compasión, ofreciendo una respuesta a las necesidades espirituales y sociales de nuestro tiempo.
4-11 Yaş Arası Çocukların Ekran Bağımlılığı ile Sosyal Becerileri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Temiz Arslan Kübra , Altıok Sevim , Başgül Şaziye Senem
Published: December 2024

Ekran kullanımının sosyal beceriler üzerinde olumsuz etkilerinin artması nedeniyle bu çalışmanın amacı, 4-11 yaş arası çocukların; ekran bağımlılıkları ile sosyal becerilerinin ilişkisini incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini uygun örnekleme yoluyla seçilen 408 çocuk (201 kız, 207 erkek) oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemin yaş ortalaması 7.73’tür. Veri toplama araçları olarak; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Problemli Medya Kullanım Ölçeği ve Sosyal Beceri Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. İki grup arasındaki farkı incelemek amacıyla t-testi kullanılmıştır. Çoklu grup analizlerinde ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. Ölçekler arasındaki ilişkiye bakmak için Pearson Korelasyon testi yapılmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenlerin bağımlı değişkene etkisini görmek amacıyla Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık değeri p
Modified with Boron nitride nanoparticles on polyamide fabrics
Authors: Loktionova I. V. , Abakumov P. V. , Kuzmenko A. P. , Kolpakov A. I. , Novikov E. A. , Mamontov V. A. , Petrova L. P.
Published: December 2024

Purpose. Investigation of the characteristics of polyamide fabric modified with Boron nitride nanoparticles and evaluation of its filtration properties.

Methods. The Raman scattering spectra were measured using a scanning Raman microspectrometer OmegaScope AIST-NT in ZXXZ̅ geometry (λ = 532 nm, W = 25mW) with a spectral resolution of 3 cm-1. The crystalline structure was studied using X-ray diffraction on a GBC EMMA diffractometer (Bragg-Brentano scheme, A = 0.154 nm, step size 0.02°). The filtration properties of the polyamide fabric were investigated using an SF-2000 spectrophotometer in the spectral range of 450-750 nm. The modeling of the interaction between the modified polyamide fabric and inorganic solution molecules was carried out using the Materials Studio 2020 software package with the Forcite module.

Results. In the spectra of Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction patterns of fabric modified with Boron nitride nano-particles, peaks were identified at 1360-1 cm and 2θ = 27.32. The size of the coherent scattering regions was 0.65 nm, which corresponds to the doubled interlayer spacing of Boron nitride. The change in optical density of the filtrate through the fabric was ΔD = 0.04, corresponding to a 9.6% increase in transparency. Quantum-mechanical modeling showed that van der Waals forces act between the iron hydroxide molecules and the fabric, while chemical bonds exist between the Iron hydroxide and the Boron nitride nanoparticles.

Conclusion. Modification of polyamide fabric using the Langmuir-Blodgett method results in a more intense spectral profile for ordered coatings, while the immersion method with ultrasonic dispersion is suitable for bulk coatings, allowing nanoparticles to penetrate the fabric structure. These results are confirmed by X-ray diffractometry. The effectiveness of Boron nitride in improving the adsorption characteristics of polyamide fabric is also demonstrated.
Deposition of Boron nitride nanoparticles on polyamide fabrics
Authors: Loktionova I. V. , Abakumov P. V. , Kuzmenko A. P. , Kolpakov A. I. , Novikov E. A. , Mamontov V. A. , Petrova L. P.
Published: December 2024

Purpose of research. Fixation of Boron nitride nanoparticles on polyamide fabric.

Methods. Colloidal systems were stirred and dispersed in an ultrasonic bath QUICK 218-35 with an emitter power of 50 W and an ultrasonic technological disperser “Volna” UZTA-0.4/22-OM. The activation of the polyamide fabric surface and its cleaning were carried out by plasma treatment in a low-pressure PICO system. Deposition of nanoparticles using the Langmuir-Blodgett method was performed on a KSV Nima 2002 setup. The morphology and elemental composition of the polyamide fabric before and after the application of boron nitride nanoparticles were studied using a JEOL 6610LV scanning electron microscope equipped with an Oxford Instruments X-Max energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer. The research methodology included the use of a low-vacuum mode, which was important for preventing the accumulation of surface electrical charge on dielectric samples.

Results. Sediment-resistant colloidal systems were synthesized based on boron nitride nanoparticles stabilized with stearic acid and an aqueous solution of Boron nitride nanoparticle powder with the addition of an oiling agent. Nano-particles from the first colloidal system were deposited on polyamide fabric using the Langmuir-Blodgett method, while nanoparticles from the second system were applied by immersing the fabric in the system with ultrasonic dispersion. SEM images of the polyamide fabric and its energy-dispersive analysis confirm the uniform fixation of boron nitride nanoparticles on the fibers by these methods.

Conclusion. In this work, boron nitride nanoparticles were fixed onto polyamide fabric using the Langmuir-Blodgett method and by immersing the fabric in a colloidal system with ultrasonic dispersion. This allowed for uniform deposition of nanoparticles both on the surface of the polyamide fabric and between the fibers, enhancing its performance characteristics.
Selection of optimal conditions for the spectrophotometric determination of phosphorus in archaeological finds made of cast Iron using reducing agents - ascorbic acid and Mohr salt
Authors: Volkova N. V. , Belousova M. I. , Tyurin S. D. , Kupriyanova E. D.
Published: December 2024

Purpose of research. The aim of the work was to select conditions for the quantitative spectrophotometric determination of phosphorus in archaeological finds made of Iron using reducing agents - ascorbic acid and Mohr salt.

Methods. A fragment of a cast-iron object discovered during archaeological excavations in the Salovsky settlement on the territory of the Penza region was chosen as the object of research. Reagent preparation and spectrophotometric analysis of phosphorus content were carried out in accordance with GOST 2604.4-87 Alloyed cast iron. Methods for the determination of phosphorus. To assess the reliability of the results, errors were identified according to the Smirnov criterion, and to assess the accuracy of the results, the variance, standard deviation and relative standard deviation of the determination of phosphorus content were calculated. To identify the effect of the reducing agent on the results of phosphorus determination, a one-factor analysis of variance was performed.

Results. In the course of the work, the conditions for dissolving the samples were selected: the weight of the sample, the required volume of nitric acid, dilution of the samples, the volume of reagents for analysis. An experiment aimed at searching for a reducing agent of the yellow phosphorous-molybdenum complex has demonstrated satisfactory results when using the Mohr salt. The adequacy of replacing ascorbic acid with Mohr salt is proved by the close values of the phosphorus content in the studied samples: using the ascorbic acid reducing agent, the phosphorus content was (1.74.0.15)%, and using Mohr salt (1.72.0.24)%.

Conclusion. The results obtained during the study allow us to conclude that the Mohr salt can be used as a reducing agent in the determination of phosphorus in the form of blue heteropolycomplex in iron alloys.
Ensuring the quality indicators of the surface layer of parts made of 30KhGSA steel by laser microstructuring
Authors: Kutepov S. N. , Klementyev D. S. , Spiridonova M. M.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the work was to study the influence of laser microstructuring modes on the formation of qualitative indicators (the length of the laser exposure zone, microhardness) of the surface layer of parts made of hot-rolled sheet steel grade 30KhGSA.

Methods. The structural medium-alloy steel of the 30KhGSA grade in the hot-rolled state (sheet 6 mm thick) was chosen as the object of research. Special samples were produced by laser cutting to study changes in the structure, structure and microhardness of the laser exposure zone. After laser cutting, one of the sides of the sample was subjected to mechanical milling in order to remove a layer with a modified structure of the material obtained during laser cutting. Next, laser microstructuring of the sample surfaces was performed using a continuous fiber laser. Metallographic and durometric studies were carried out to study the effect of laser microstructuring on changes in the structure and quality of the surface layer.

Results. The peculiarities of changing the microstructure of the laser exposure zone depending on the type of laser treatment are considered. It is shown that, regardless of the type of laser treatment, a "white layer" is formed on the heat-strengthened surface, the thickness of which depends on the parameters of laser radiation: power, speed, spot diameter, focal length. It has been revealed that when milling operations are used as a preliminary mechanical treatment of the cutting edge surface, in the vast majority of cases a white layer is not formed.

Conclusion. The results obtained can be used to create resource-saving material processing processes using highly concentrated energy flows.
Strengthening the cutter body of a road milling machine by applying an electrospark coating based on VK8 hard alloy
Authors: Kuznetsova L P. , Kuznetsov K. Yu. , Kolmykov V. I. , Pereverzev A. S. , Semenikhin B. A.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study. Development of a technological process for strengthening the body of a road milling cutter by applying an electric spark coating based on VK8 alloy.

Methods. Modern techniques and equipment were used to achieve the set goal. The coatings were applied to pre-prepared samples made from the cutter of the KZTS A6/20 road milling machine using the UR-121 electric spark alloying unit.

Technological parameters: anode - cutter tip (VK8 hard alloy); cathode - cutter body (structural alloy steel); sparking voltage 70 V; operating temperature 18-20°C; NORMA process mode 100 Hz; vibration amplitude of the vibrator VIBRATION 11; electric processing mode MODE 3.

To study the elemental composition and microstructure of the hardening coating, images were taken using an EDAX energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer built into a Quanta 600 FEG scanning electron microscope.

Vickers microhardness testing of samples before and after hardening was performed using an AFFRI DM-8 microhardness tester.

A Revetest scratch tester was used to test strength, scratch resistance, and determine the mechanism of sample failure.

Results. As a result of the experiment, electrospark hardening coatings based on VK8 alloy were obtained on the cutter body of a road milling machine. Recycling of cutter tip waste was carried out by applying wear-resistant coatings to the cutter body of the KZTS A6/20 by the electrospark alloying method. It was found that the hardening coating does not have pores, cracks and other defects, its main elements are Fe, W, Mn, Cr, O. The microhardness of the coating is 1.6 times higher than the microhardness of the substrate. When scratched, the coating on the samples wears off, but there are no delaminations, that is, it is destroyed by the cohesive mechanism.

Conclusion. The completed study will allow developing recommendations for the practical application of resource-saving technologies for the restoration and strengthening of road milling cutter bodies and implementing the recycling process.
Investigation of the dependence of the electrical resistance of Iron powder on the compressive force
Authors: Razumov M. S. , Chaplygin R. E. , Glazkov P. V. , Maltsev O. N.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to establish the dependence of the electrical resistance of iron powder on the compression force.

Methods. The electrical iron powder was placed in a sleeve. The sleeve is tightly closed on both sides by metal pistons protected from external sources of electrical resistance by dielectric spacers. A force F̅ is applied to one of the spacers. The strain gauge measures the amount of applied force, and the ohmmeter records the presence of electrical resistance and its amount in the circuit section. Using this setup, a full factorial experiment was conducted, during which the powder samples were changed, a 7-gram sample was taken, as well as a 14-gram sample, and the above parameters were monitored. In this case, the change in electrical resistance was chosen as an optimization criterion when assessing electrical conductivity in a circuit section.

The results of the study showed an empirical dependence of the resistance of electrical iron powder on the change in pressure on it, by conducting a full factorial experiment. Thus, for the first time, new dependencies of the electrical resistance of iron powder on the compression force were obtained. This dependence shows that of the three factors under study, the greatest influence is exerted by the compression force, with an increase, the resistance decreases, a decrease in resistance is also observed with an increase in the bushing diameter, which models the diameter of the conductor cross-section. With this increase in the mass of the powder, the resistance increases, from which it can be concluded that with an increase in the length of the conductor, the electrical conductivity decreases.

Conclusion. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the electrical iron powder changes its electrical resistance depending on the force applied to it, the diameter of the conductor and the mass of the compressed powder. Based on the results of the experiment, an empirical relationship was compiled between these factors.
Fire resistance of textile materials treated with flame retardant based on electroerosive Aluminum hydroxide powder
Authors: Ageeva A. E. , Ageeva E. V.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this work was to study the fire resistance of technical materials treated with flame retardants based on electroerosion powder of Aluminum hydroxide.

Methods. Aluminum metal wastes of the AD0E brand were dispersed in distilled water at a loading weight of 250 g at an experimental installation. The resulting electroerosive aluminum powder was studied by various methods. The microanalysis was performed on a QUANTA 600 FEG microscope. The phase composition was studied using a Rigaku Ultima IV diffractometer. The fire resistance of the treated fabric was studied according to the following method: a strip of fabric 5 cm wide and 10 cm long was suspended in an upright position by one end in a tripod clamp (the other end remains hanging freely). The flame of an alcohol burner was placed under the lower end of the sample for 12 seconds (according to a stopwatch). After the specified time, the flame of the burner was removed and the burning and smoldering time of the sample was noted after the flame ceased to act. Gorenje After the end of the experiment, the area of the charred part of the sample was measured.

Results. Experimental studies of the fire resistance of textile materials treated with flame retardants have shown high efficiency of using an electroerosive aluminum hydroxide powder for these purposes. Aluminum hydroxide powder was obtained in distilled water from electrical aluminum metal waste. The peculiarity of the use of the obtained aluminum hydroxide is due to the fact that it provides a difficult-to-ignite fabric, reduces the ability of the material to ignite, localizes the flame; provides a long-term flame retardant and at the same time antiseptic effect; treated fabrics are odorless, harmless to humans and animals; consumption for impregnating fabrics: 100-250 g/m2, depending on the density of the fabric.

Conclusion. The effectiveness of flame retardants based on electroerosive Aluminum hydroxide powder is confirmed by the fact that cheap metal waste and progressive environmentally friendly (without wastewater and emissions), low- energy technology (up to 5 kWh/kg) are used for its production.
On the effective length of erucic and oleic acid molecules as part of the protective shell of magnetite colloidal particles
Authors: Ivanov A. S.
Published: December 2024

Purpose. Experimental evaluation of the thickness of the protective shell thickness of magnetite colloidal particles representing a single molecular layer of oleic or erucic fatty acids.

Methods. Experimental data were obtained by independent measurement of three volumetric concentrations (magnetic, solid and hydrodynamic) of magnetite particles in magnetic liquid using magneto-granulometric analysis, density measurement and titration of pure carrier liquid during peptization of dry sediment of particles. The experimental data were processed by numerical solution of the system of nonlinear equations describing the additivity of volume, mass and magnetic contributions of stabilized colloidal particles and carrier liquid to the volume, density and saturation magnetization of polydisperse magnetic liquid, respectively.

Results. Four samples of magnetic liquid differing in the disperse composition of magnetic nanoparticles, three of which were stabilized by oleic and the fourth by erucic fatty acids (surfactants), were experimentally investigated. The samples were prepared by titration of pure carrier and peptization of dry sediment of colloidal particles prewashed from free surfactant molecules. For each sample, the density and magnetization curve were measured and magneto-granulometric analysis was performed. The data obtained by different methods agree with each other provided that the thickness of the nonmagnetic layer on the surface of magnetite particles is equal to 0.76 nm and the effective length of the oleic and erucic acid molecules is equal to their maximum possible values in the fully straightened state.

Conclusion. At stabilization of magnetite particles by unsaturated fatty acids, the double bond, providing bending of these molecules in the basic energy state, does not play an essential role, since the thickness of the protective shell, equal to the effective length of surfactant molecules, is equal to their maximum possible length in the straightened state.
Dipole interaction of particles in magnetic fluid stabilized by a double layer of surfactant in water
Authors: Lebedev A. V.
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the work: to study the influence of interparticle dipole-dipole interactions on the susceptibility of a magnetic fluid stabilized by a double layer of surfactant in water.

Research method consists in measuring the initial differential susceptibility of a magnetic fluid depending on its concentration. Three samples of fluid based on magnetite particles, differing in the composition of the stabilizing shells, were studied. The following acids were used as the first layer of the stabilizer: lauric (C12), decanoic (C10) and octanoic (C8). The second layer of the stabilizing shell was formed by sodium dodecyl sulfate with a small proportion of the corresponding acid. Susceptibility measurements were performed on a setup for measuring magnetization curves. The concentration of the samples was determined by their saturation magnetization.

Results. The concentration dependences of the initial susceptibility were measured for three samples of magnetic fluid based on magnetite particles. The obtained results were compared with theoretical models of the modified effective field of A.O. Ivanov and the average-spherical one. Both theories predict overestimated values of susceptibility in relation to experimental values. The modified effective field theory overestimates the results by 20%. The mean-spherical model - by 12%. It is shown that the correct interpretation of the concentration dependence of the susceptibility of magnetic fluid samples is possible only by approximating the ratio of susceptibility to saturation magnetization. Based on this approximation, an empirical formula in the form of a third-degree polynomial with a negative cubic term is proposed to describe the concentration dependence of susceptibility.

Conclusion. Thus, the obtained results require the construction of new or modification of old theories of dipole-dipole interaction of magnetic particles in aqueous colloidal solutions with stabilization of particles by a double layer of surfactant.
Topic Modeling of Nursing Issues in the Media During 4 Emerging Infectious Disease Epidemics in South Korea: Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Kim Jungok , Yun Eun Kyoung
Published: December 2024

Background

Emerging infectious disease disasters receive extensive media coverage and public attention. Nurse burnout and attrition peak during health crises such as pandemics. However, there is limited research on nursing issues related to repeated emerging infectious disease crises over time.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to analyze and draw implications from changes in key nursing issues reported by the news media during the outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS; 2003), influenza A (2009), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS; 2015), and COVID-19 (2020) in Korea using topic modeling.

Methods

A total of 51,489 news articles were extracted by searching for the keywords “nursing” or “nurse” in the title or body of articles published from April 2003 to May 2021 (during new infectious disease outbreaks) in the open integrated database. The selected news articles were preprocessed then analyzed for text and structure using a 3-step keyword analysis method, latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling, and keyword network analysis.

Results

Among the 51,489 news articles collected with the search terms “nursing” and “nurse,” 17,285 (33.6%) were selected based on the eligibility criteria and used in the final analysis. Using topic modeling, we derived 5 topics each for SARS, influenza A, and MERS and 6 topics for COVID-19. The themes commonly identified through topic modeling and keyword network analysis across the 4 epidemics were “response to emerging infectious diseases in Korea,” “demand for nurses,” “vulnerability in the work environment,” and “roles and responsibilities of nurses.” Although the topic names were the same, the meanings implied by the comprehensive keywords for each epidemic varied depending on the epidemic and the times.

Conclusions

Analysis of the identified themes and associated keyword network revealed that issues related to nurse shortages, working conditions, and poor treatment were not unique to the COVID-19 pandemic but rather recurring themes from previous epidemics. Our findings can be used to inform strategies to improve the professional roles, work environment, and treatment of nurses during health crises. Suggestions for future nursing-related policy impact and change research are also provided.
Prevalence and Predictors of Digital Proxy Behavior in Singapore (Preprint)
Authors: Zakaria Camellia , Wu Yiyang , Phua Andrew Ian-Hong , Pakianathan Pavithren V S , Foong Pin Sym
Published: December 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

While it is commonly reported that older adults seek help in using and managing digital accounts, little is known about the prevalence and predictors of digital proxy behavior (the act of giving one's digital account rights to others for assistance). We conducted a nationally representative survey in Singapore to describe digital proxy behavior and the robust predictors in our data set. We compare these findings against a comparable study conducted in the United States of America. The analysis shows digital proxies in Singapore differ slightly in demographic composition, with age, ethnicity, education, income, and assisting with instrumental activities of daily living being common predictors. Our results yield similar rates of digital proxy behavior, reasons for helping and patterns of informal methods between countries. This comparison highlights what may be more robust patterns and sources of differences in two developed, aging nations, one in the West and one in the East.
LLM-Assisted Evidence Synthesis: Assessing Risk of Bias of Randomized Controlled Trials with RoB 2 (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Jiajie , Lai Honghao , Zhao Weilong , Xia Danni , Bai Chunyang , Liu Jianing , Liu Jiayi , Pan Bei , Tian Jinhui , Ge Long
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The revised version of the risk of bias tool (RoB 2) overcomes some limitations compared with the original version, but concurrently introduces challenges in its application. Large language models (LLMs) may potentially assist the utilization of RoB 2. However, the exact methods and reliability remain uncertain

OBJECTIVE

This feasibility study aims investigate the capability of large language models in assessing the ROB of RCTs with RoB 2

METHODS

We systematically searched Cochrane reviews utilizing the RoB 2. Cochrane reviews were classified based on interested in adherence to intervention or assignment to intervention. From each category, 23 RCTs were randomly selected. The RoB 2 judgments reported the Cochrane reviews were used as the external validation standard. Three experienced reviewers were recruited to assess risk of bias of selected 46 RCTs using RoB 2. The reviewer judgments of six randomized controlled trials were selected to develop and optimize the prompt for the LLMs. The remaining 40 trials were used to establish the internal validation standard. Accuracy rate was calculated to reflect accuracy, both domain and signaling question; consistent assessment rate and Cohen’ κ were calculated to gauge consistency; and assessment time was calculated to measure efficiency.

RESULTS

Compared to Cochrane reviews, the LLMs' judgments demonstrated accuracy rates of 57.5% and 70% for Overall (assignment) and Overall (adhering), respectively. When compared to reviewer judgments, the LLMs' accuracy rates for Overall (assignment) and Overall (adhering) were 65% and 70.0%. The average accuracy rates for the remaining six domains were 65.2% (95% CI, 57.6%-72.7%) and 74.2% (95% CI, 64.7%-83.9%) when compared to Cochrane reviews and reviewers. The average accuracy rate in signaling level was 83.2% (95%CI: 77.5%-88.9%), consistent assessment rate is 85.2% (95% CI: 85.15%-88.79%). Compared to Reviewers, the LLMs conducted assessments 29.6 minutes (95% CI: 25.6-33.6) faster.

CONCLUSIONS

LLMs were capable of rapidly assessing the risk of bias in RCTs using RoB 2, and exhibit a comparatively high level of accuracy. This suggests the potential utility of employing LLMs as adjunctive tools in the systematic review process.
Research on Strategies for Improving College Students' Independent Learning Ability in the Context of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Long Yan
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses the role and strategies of artificial intelligence technology in enhancing the independent learning ability of college students. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the field of education is experiencing unprecedented changes, which presents new challenges and opportunities for the independent learning ability of college students. The article first analyzes the current status of the application of artificial intelligence in education, including personalized learning content push, adaptive learning path planning, etc., and points out the current problems faced, such as low technology integration and imperfect personalized services. Then, the article emphasizes the importance of enhancing the independent learning ability of college students, including personal development, social adaptation, moral responsibility and other aspects. The article also discusses the problems of artificial intelligence in college students' independent learning, such as technology dependence, privacy and data security, and algorithm bias. Finally, the article proposes enhancement strategies, including teaching mode innovation, learning strategy guidance and learning environment optimization. Through systematic review and empirical research, this article aims to provide scientific and effective support for the enhancement of college students' independent learning ability to meet the requirements of the informationization era.