bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tratamiento multidisciplinar para la fibromialgia y el síndrome de fatiga crónica: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Sánchez Ana , Nakakaneku Goya , Miró Elena , Martínez Pilar
Published: September 2021

Los objetivos de esta revisión sistemática fueron examinar la eficacia del tratamiento multidisciplinar (TM) aplicado a pacientes con fibromialgia y síndrome de fatiga crónica (SFC), junto con la exploración de predictores, mediadores y moderadores de resultados. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva en las bases de datos Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus y Cochrane Library en el período 1990-2018. En total, 31 artículos de fibromialgia y seis de SFC fueron identificados. Los resultados reflejaron que en fibromialgia el TM fue más eficaz que la lista de espera (LDE) y el tratamiento médico habitual, produciendo las mejoras más consistentes en funcionalidad, dolor, calidad de vida y aptitud física. En el SFC los beneficios fueron menores que en fibromialgia, y el TM fue solo más eficaz que la LDE y disminuyó principalmente la discapacidad. Sin embargo, las evidencias no fueron suficientes para constatar la superioridad del TM frente a otros tratamientos activos, ni para consolidar el valor pronóstico de los predictores, mediadores y moderadores de resultados informados.
Satisfacción vital y sintomatología prefrontal como predictores de la atención plena disposicional en la mujer rural
Authors: Valiente-Barroso Carlos , Sáiz-Obeso Javier , Martínez-Vicente Marta
Published: September 2021

Durante los últimos años han aumentado las investigaciones sobre atención plena (mindfulness) tanto como estado o como rasgo disposicional y su relación con diferentes variables relacionadas con la salud y bienestar de la persona. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la relación y el carácter predictivo de la satisfacción vital y sintomatología prefrontal en la atención plena disposicional en la mujer rural. Participaron 239 mujeres de distintas localidades rurales de España de entre 17 y 87 años (M= 56,13; DT= 14,98). Los resultados confirman el carácter predictivo de niveles altos de satisfacción vital y bajos en sintomatología prefrontal y problemas en control ejecutivo respecto a un mayor nivel de atención plena disposicional de las mujeres evaluadas. Tras discutir los hallazgos obtenidos, que derivan consecuencias clínicas y sociosanitarias, proponemos seguir profundizando en esta línea específica de investigación dados los beneficios probados de la atención plena en el bienestar general de la persona, actuando como factor protector de la salud mental, física y emocional.
Surgical mask designed for endoscopic procedures to prevent the diffusion of droplets
Authors: Furukawa K , Sato K , Okachi S , Kawashima H , Fujishiro M
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2) has become a global pandemic. The human-tohuman transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs primarily through droplets, aerosols, and direct contact. Endoscopy is performed at a short physical distance between an endoscopist and patient, which increases the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to the endoscopist through contact with body fluids and exposure to droplets due to vomiting, retching, and coughing during endoscopic procedures (1). Gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures generate aerosols, which mandates the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) (1,2). To further reduce the risk of viral infection during endoscopy, additional infection protection is needed to assist PPE from not only the side of endoscopists but also the side of patients (3). Various infection prevention devices, such as a reusable plastic cube barrier, have been reported (3); however, we focused on a surgical mask as a simple and inexpensive method (4). Previous studies proposed modified surgical masks with an endoscopic insertion port, which were handmade with an incision for endoscope insertion into commercially available surgical masks (2,4). Although these “handmade” masks may be easily modified, their preparation is burdensome and not sterile. We developed a novel disposal surgical mask with a mask manufacturer that is specifically designed as a droplet prevention device for endoscopic procedures that may be massproduced with uniform quality and easily introduced into endoscopy units. This novel surgical mask has a 10-mm slit in the center for the insertion of an endoscope and two small 6-mm slits for suction on the left and right. The width of the pleats in the center have been widened to easily cut the slits, which allows for cost-effective mass production. Despite its close fit, the narrow slit allows for the easy passage of an endoscope and smooth endoscopic manipulation. Furthermore, the leakage of droplets and aerosols through the slit in the surgical mask is minimized (Fig. 1A-D).
La transparencia pública en el escenario post Covid-19
Authors: Hernández Rodríguez Encarna , Moreno Martínez Cristina
Published: September 2021

La Covid-19 y los estados de emergencia que se han declarado para hacerle frente han erosionado el Gobierno abierto. Mientras en países como España se veían afectadas las solicitudes de acceso a la información, al mismo tiempo crecían las demandas desde la sociedad para articular una respuesta abierta a la pandemia. Este estudio se propone profundizar en una hoja de ruta para el futuro, centrada en una Administración más transparente, participativa y colaborativa, desde la que afrontar la recuperación. Para ello, se realiza un ejercicio de prospectiva a través del método Delphi, con encuestas a un panel de personas expertas en la materia, procedentes tanto de la Administración Pública, como del sector privado, la universidad y la sociedad civil. El trabajo de campo, realizado entre mayo y julio de 2020, da como resultado un diagnóstico de la situación de partida y, sobre todo, la identificación y priorización de una batería de 48 medidas para incorporar tanto a la agenda política, como a la acción institucional.
Evolución de la transparencia en jurisdicciones municipales de Argentina entre 2019 y 2020
Authors: Gonzalez Paula , Toselli Vanessa N.
Published: September 2021

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre el nivel de transparencia de los 70 municipios más poblados de la República Argentina realizada por medio de la construcción de un índice compuesto por siete ejes: autoridades, órganos de gobierno, rendición de cuentas, presupuesto, contrataciones y licitaciones públicas, comunicación institucional, información general y participación ciudadana. El relevamiento se realizó dos años consecutivos, 2019 y 2020, permitiendo conocer su evolución e identificar fortalezas y/o debilidades tanto a nivel general como particular de cada municipio. Se ofrece así un diagnóstico a partir del cual conocer cuáles políticas son necesarias llevar a cabo para avanzar y/o mejorar en transparencia, principio fundamental para los gobiernos democráticos modernos, incluido a nivel municipal.
Transparencia municipal en España
Authors: Beltrán-Orenes Pilar , Rodriguez-Mateos David
Published: September 2021

La transparencia municipal en España ha sido analizada sobre todo en los grandes municipios y no en todas las comunidades autónomas. A partir de una muestra de 1955 municipios, elegida aleatoria y proporcionalmente por provincias y rangos de población, se ha analizado la existencia de portales de transparencia municipales en todas las comunidades autónomas. En su mayoría, los portales de transparencia municipales están basados en desarrollos realizados por administraciones superiores; solo en cinco comunidades autónomas predominan los de desarrollo propio. Principales problemas detectados: falta de publicidad activa y duplicidad de portales de transparencia en algunos municipios.
La transparencia en el Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación de México
Authors: Medina Torres Luis Eduardo , Jaramillo Adriana Valeria
Published: September 2021

El Tribunal Electoral como parte del Estado mexicano está sujeto a cumplir con las políticas del Gobierno Abierto, por lo tanto, en el trabajo se expone en cuáles actividades y procedimientos el Tribunal Electoral ha cumplido con el Gobierno Abierto y en cuáles se ha visto limitado en su cumplimiento. Con lo anterior, se logrará apreciar que, independientemente de los límites que puede tener el Tribunal Electoral, éstos pueden dejar de serlo en tanto sean reconocidos. Una reflexión que se obtiene de este trabajo es que las políticas como el Gobierno Abierto son la alternativa para legitimar las instituciones, combatir la corrupción y mantener a la ciudadanía cerca de lo público.
La transparencia de los órganos administrativos colegiados
Authors: Fernández Ramos Severiano
Published: September 2021

Junto a los órganos unipersonales, en las Administraciones españolas conviven infinidad de órganos colegiados, creados para las finalidades más diversas (coordinación, cooperación, participación…). La transparencia de estos órganos plantea múltiples cuestiones que afectan tanto a la existencia y vigencia misma de los órganos, como a su estructura y, sobre todo, funcionamiento, con especial relevancia a si se debe o no mantener la confidencialidad de los debates y deliberaciones previas a las votaciones de los acuerdos.
Las múltiples dimensiones de la protección a los denunciantes (whistleblowers)
Authors: Benitez Palma Enrique
Published: September 2021

La insolvencia de una de las grandes promesas del universo FinTech, la empresa alemana de servicios de pago Wirecard, desvelada gracias a una continuada filtración interna al diario Financial Times, ha motivado la creación de sendas comisiones de investigación en el parlamento alemán (Bundestag) y europeo para tratar de mejorar los mecanismos públicos de supervisión de las grandes corporaciones financieras digitales. Ha sido muy cuestionado el papel jugado por la BaFin, la autoridad alemana de supervisión, así como la defensa a ultranza de Wirecard en un ejercicio de nacionalismo económico colectivo, frente a las noticias publicadas en un medio británico. Los informes encargados por el Parlamento Europeo a diversos grupos de expertos, y los artículos académicos que se han publicado como consecuencia del caso Wirecard permiten reflexionar sobre la correcta protección de los informantes en pleno proceso de transposiciones nacionales de la Directiva Europea 2019/1937, así como defender la propuesta de que se necesita más ambición para incentivar este tipo de actuaciones, en un horizonte de creciente complejidad empresarial, y de auge de un modelo de economía digital no siempre bien regulado, opaco y refractario a la rendición de cuentas.
Primatology, Green Criminology, and the Impacts of Science on the Non-Human World: A Debate from Japan
Authors: Hirose Kazutaka
Published: September 2021

Primatology was initiated in Japan in 1948 by Kinji Imanishi and his colleagues. A distinctive feature of Japanese primatology is adopting the technique of ‘anthropomorphising’ non-human primates and establishing friendly relationships with them through feeding and other means. Following the anthropomorphic stance of primatology in Japan, yielding many scientific findings, succeeding generations turned to ‘biocentrism’, which holds that all life, including humans, has equal value. While biocentric values emerged, researchers were also faced with the conflict of having to euthanise wild hybrids per legal mandates to maintain the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) ecosystem. This article analyses the ethical conflicts in Japanese primatology throughout history.
The act of writing and the act of attention
Authors: Harrison Martin
Published: September 2021

Is writing, including creative writing and its teaching, inevitably on the other side of the

natural environment and ecological systems? Is writing, by definition, an action of a

mindfulness and inventiveness which implicitly creates a cognitive separation between

the world of the text and the world of ecological systems? A number of critics have

recently been trying to propose modes and structures which merge this divide, or

minimise it borrowing from biology, cognitive theory and probability theory. The paper

considers a variety of such formal structures but argues especially for a particular mode

of attentiveness in our concept of language and proposes its centrality in the teaching of

a contemporary ecologically mindful writing.
To see: a literary ecological point of view (some Australian examples of ecocritical creative writing, with particular emphasis on the prose poem)
Authors: Costello Moya
Published: September 2021

‘An ecologically-informed point of view’, says Wendy Wheeler (2006: 91), is one ’that

sees all life, including culture, as naturally co-evolved and interdependent’. We can be

unconscious of the fact that we are ‘embodied creatures’ for whom ’the natural world

… is the ground-state’ (Wheeler 2006: 91). Constantly distracted by the mass of

human-engineered activity, we have lost, Clive Hamilton says, our imagination, and the

imagery to inspire an appropriate responsiveness (2005: 191). Beverley Farmer’s

innovative ecocritical writing in ‘Mouths of gold’ (2005), with its nonlinear, associative

structure and hybrid nature enfolding the prose poem, reveals her exemplary practice of

seeing what is. Like the prose poem, the essay without a straightforward, linear

structure requires focus and time to make your way through it and to understand what it

is offering. John Tomlinson has noted that time itself is neither linear-progressive nor

cyclic; it has accidents and surprises in store and is constituted by profound rifts and

forks (2007). These rifts in time make us aware of the contingency of our existence.

Survival and successful adaptation in environments that are in crisis in the early

twenty-first century will require a constant reflexive re-balancing, an experimental

approach, a strategy of improvisation.
Healing words and the matter of our urban and rural moor
Authors: Pyke Susan
Published: September 2021

It may be that writing country can shift readers towards more positive relationships

with the matter that surrounds and embeds them, if an awareness of the sentience of

country increases the porosity of the bodies that ‘religiously’ read such topographies.

Two productive revisions of Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights differently offer this

kind of reading. The Canadian moors of Anne Carson’s prose poem, ‘The Glass Essay’

speak with the powerfully communicative Yorkshire moors of Wuthering Heights,

through the affect of the other-than-human on their protagonists. Such dialogues

liberate an always-becoming eco-divine of generative change. Kathy Acker’s

‘Obsession’ starts a whole new conversation in her transposition of Brontë’s moor to

the crush of New York dreamscapes. As I consider the tension and the synergies

between Acker’s urban wilderness and Carson and Brontë’s rural commons, I am

becoming aware of the ethical risk in privileging matter of different kinds. Is it possible

to write to the pulsating moor of urban environments in ways that approach the ecodivine and can this equally move readers to new ways of nurturing country? I approach

this question in my novel The Dead Country and consider it directly in my poem,

‘Pulse Sating’.
Slowly ~ writing into the Anthropocene
Authors: Rose Deborah Bird
Published: September 2021

This paper argues against abstracts.
The composition and decomposition of commodities: the colonial careers of coal and ivory
Authors: Muecke Stephen
Published: September 2021

Commodities are composed of heterogeneous parts, for they are not pure, despite coal

being almost 100% carbon. With the introduction of steam ships in the Indian Ocean

trade that was at the nexus of Africa, Middle East, South Asia and China, the

economic viability of coal had to be constructed from the different parts of the

imperial political machinery of administration, technology and modernist fantasy.

Ivory was also a key commodity in the Indian Ocean, contributing considerable

wealth to that early global market. Leaving one environment in Africa, it gained value

by being culturally reworked and aestheticised, and in the process humans’ feelings

for it were enhanced as a part of the value-adding, if not fetishing, process. Later in

its colonial career, elephants’ feelings about being slaughtered were also taken into

account by their human advocates, and under this new environmental alignment the

trade in ivory eventually came to a halt in 1989. This paper argues, in a Latourian

fashion, that affects are key agents in a chain of associations that have transformed

the careers of ivory and coal as ‘vibrant matter’ (Bennett) transformed from its

original living sources to its lively appreciation by humans.
Who’s afraid of big white wolves?
Authors: Shannon Lorraine
Published: September 2021

This paper examines the effect human stories have had on the wolf. In particular it

focuses on the Wolf Man’s dream of seven white wolves as reported to Freud and

considers how we might re-interpret this dream as an example of ecological writing

brought about by containing the anxiety inherent in meeting the animal gaze. This

anxiety, it is argued, paradoxically both inhibits and enables creative thinking.

Containing anxiety and creating an ecological poetics requires consideration of Keats’

notion of negative capability.
CROSS-BORDER GROUP INSOLVENCY, A STUDY OF NORTEL CASE
Authors:   Westminster International University, Tashkent, Kattadiyil Binoy Joy , Islamov Bakhtiyor Anvarovich ,   Tashkent Branch of G.V. Plekhanov Russian Economic University
Published: September 2021

Introduction. This Article is a detailed analysis of one of the most complex and landmark judgments in the area of cross border group insolvency. It traces the timeline of the insolvency of Nortel Plc. and the simultaneous proceedings in multiple jurisdictions. Introduction followed by Literature Review. Research methods are exploratory in nature, since the study has to explore a case of the simultaneous proceedings in multiple jurisdictions. Results and discussions. The Article discusses that there are two major methods for dealing with corporate groups undergoing insolvency, which are: Procedural Coordination and Substantive Consolidation. Under such mechanisms which little to no precedence in any jurisdiction, this case carved out its own path to arrive at the outcome of Pro-Rata Allocation. The case is significant for being heard at the same time in two courtrooms, one in Delaware and one in Ontario, that were linked in order to receive live evidence together. This Article discusses the importance and significance of having a cross border group insolvency regime in place. In the era of Globalisation, the integration of national economies into a global economic system has been one of the most important developments of the last century
INTUITION AND SYNERGETICS IN THE WORLD OF MATHEMATICS
Authors:   Higher Military Aviation of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nadirova Zoyira
Published: September 2021

Introduction.Today, the development of science, the need to develop a culture of philosophical thinking require further expansion and strengthening of human knowledge, a comprehensive study of events and phenomena taking place in the world, the formation of scientific knowledge about the future of humanity on this basis, as well as the formation of a new approach to the problem of scientific creativity. This, in turn, determines the need for a scientific and philosophical study of the mechanisms of scientific creativity, i.e. intuition, a theoretical justification of its place in scientific knowledge.
Peningkatan Tanggung Jawab dan Keterampilan Proses IPA Melalui Model CTL Berbasis Daring Siswa Kelas IV SDN Cangkringan 1
Authors: Natalia Yohana Fransiska Lintang , Anugrahana Andri , Zaini Ehsan
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan tanggung jawab dan keterampilan proses IPA melalui model pembelajaran CTL berbasis pembelajaran daring pada siswa kelas IV SDN Cangkringan 1. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan dua siklus. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN Cangkringan 1 yang berjumlah 9 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan observasi. Validitas data yang digunakan adalah expert judgment. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran CTL berbasis pembelajaran daring dapat meningkatkan tanggung jawab dan keterampilan proses IPA siswa kelas IV SDN Cangkringan 1. Perolehan skor rerata tanggung jawab siswa pada siklus I adalah 64 dan siklus II rerata meningkat menjadi 74,07. Rerata tanggung jawab termasuk kategori bertanggung jawab. Perolehan skor rerata keterampilan proses IPA pada siklus I adalah 56,67 dan rerata meningkat menjadi 71,11 dan termasuk kategori baik. Penelitian secara daring ini menggunakan aplikasi Whatsapp Group dan Google meet.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Mata Menggunakan Metode Teorema Bayes
Authors: Sagat Natalia Anjela , Purnomo Agus Sidiq
Published: September 2021

Mata merupakan salah satu panca indra atau organ tubuh yang penting dalam menunjang keseharian khususnya dalam hal melihat. Mata juga merupakan panca indra yang sangat sensitif sehingga rentan mengalami penyakit mata. Saat ini pasien dengan gejala penyakit mata semakin meningkat. Keterbatasan jumlah tenaga ahli atau dokter spesialis mata menjadi faktor utama lamanya waktu dalam mendiagnosa penyakit mata. Selain itu, dalam pengisian data pemeriksaan penyakit mata masih menggunakan pencatatan secara manual. Sehingga dibutuhkan suatu sistem yang dapat membantu melakukan diagnosa penyakit mata dengan cepat, tepat, dan akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun suatu sistem pakar yang dapat mendiagnosa penyakit mata dengan menggunakan metode teorema bayes. Hasil penelitian ini berupa kesimpulan jenis penyakit mata yang diderita berdasarkan gejala yang dipilih pasien dan telah dihitung menggunakan perhitungan bayes. Berdasarkan pada pengujian 50 data pasien, didapatkan presentase kesesuaian antara sistem dengan pakar sebesar 96% data uji.
Proses Pengolahan Air Pada Tangki Klarifier ditinjau dari Laju Alir dan Konsentrasi Koagulan di PLTG Borang
Authors: Anhar Anhar , Dewi Erwana , Purnamasari Indah
Published: September 2021

Kebutuhan industri akan air bersih sangatlah tinggi sehingga diperlukan proses pengolahan. PLTG Borang merupakan salah satu industri yang mendapatkan air bersih dengan melakukan pengolahan pada unit Water Treatment Plant. Unit WTP di PLTG Borang mengalami permasalahan di beberapa alat seperti misalnya pada clarifier tank. Tangki ini merupakan tempat terjadinya pengolahan air secara koagulasi dan flokulasi serta diikuti sedimentasi. Data-data yang dijadikan sumber yaitu data variabel proses dan hasil kualitas mutu air setelah pengolahan pada tangki clarifier. Data variabel proses yang diperlukan yaitu laju alir, kecepatan pengadukan dan dosis koagulan yang ditambahkan. Sedangkan kriteria kualitas yang diperlukan yaitu  pH, turbiditas, TDS, dan TSS. Variabel proses divariasikan yaitu dosis koagulan sebesar 35, 40, 45, 50, dan 55 ppm; laju alir 2, 4 dan 6 L/detik serta kecepatan pengadukan 45 rpm. Analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu dengan menginterpretasikan data hasil pengamatan dan menyajikannya dalam bentuk grafik kemudian akan diperoleh kesimpulan. Variabel proses yang optimal adalah laju alir 2 L/detik, dosis koagulan 50 ppm dan kecepatan pengadukan 45 rpm. Hasil kualitas air setelah pengolahan di clarifier tank yaitu pH 7,2; Turbiditas 96 NTU; TDS 481 ppm; dan TSS 192 ppm.
Proses Pengolahan Air pada Alat Filtrasi dengan Variasi Laju Alir, Perbandingan Volume antara Pasir dan Karbon Aktif di PLTG Borang
Authors: Manaf Dadang S , Dewi Erwana , Jaksen Jaksen
Published: September 2021

PT PLN (Persero) PLTG Borang merupakan salah satu industri yang mendapatkan air bersih dengan melakukan pengolahan pada unit WTP. Unit WTP di PLTG Borang mengalami permasalahan di beberapa alat seperti misalnya pada alat Filtrasi. Permasalahan yang ditemui untuk dijadikan studi kasus yaitu alat Filtrasi terutama pada laju alir dan ketebalan kolom belum optimal sehingga tidak menghasilkan air bersih yang sesuai standar. Studi kasus ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret hingga Juli 2021. Data-data yang dijadikan sumber yaitu data sekunder berupa data kondisi operasi dan hasil uji kualitas mutu air setelah pengolahan pada alat filter. Cara yang dilakukan yaitu membuat dua kolom dengan ketinggian berbeda yaitu 1000 mm dan 1200mm dengan perbandingan isian berupa pasir dan karbon aktif. Dari ketinggian dua kolom tersebut masing-masing di variasikan menjadi tiga perbandingan yaitu 2:1, 1:1 dan 1:2 antara pasir dan karbon aktif. Sedangkan parameter uji kualitas yang diperlukan yaitu nilai pH, turbiditas atau kekeruhan, jumlah padatan terlarut, total padatan tersuspensi, nilai kadar DO, serta COD dan BOD.. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan di dapatakan laju alir optimal yaitu 1 L/menit dengan ketinggian isian kolom 1200 mm pada perbandingan 1:2 antara pasir dan karbon aktif.
Pemanfaatan A-Selulosa Fiber Cake Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Baku Nitroselulosa
Authors: Putri Reni , Junaidi Robert , Mustain Mustain
Published: September 2021

Dengan kadar selulosa yang tinggi, fiber cake kelapa sawit dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan nitroselulosa. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan nitroselulosa dari ?-Selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit yang memiliki yield produk dan kadar nitrogen yang tinggi dengan waktu yang singkat. Percobaan dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu tahap pre-treatment bahan baku, tahap pembuatan nitroselulosa melalui proses nitrasi dan tahap analisis produk nitroselulosa. Konversi ?-selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit menjadi nitroselulosa dilakukan dengan variasi asam penitrasi dengan perbandingan H2SO4 98% dengan HNO3 70% sebesar 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 dan 1:5, waktu reaksi pada proses nitrasi selama 30 dan 40 menit serta variasi.suhu proses nitrasi 10-15oC dan 15-20oC. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kondisi optimal proses pembuatan nitroselulosa dari fiber cake kelapa sawit dicapai pada rasio asam penitrasi sebesar 1:1 dengan suhu nitrasi 15-20oC dan waktu nitrasi selama 40 menit. Pada kondisi ini diperoleh yield sebesar 95,0% dengan kadar nitrogen sebesar 9,9%. 

 

With high cellulose content, fiber cake palm oil can be used as a raw material for the manufacture of nitrocellulose. This experiment aims to produce nitrocellulose from fiber cake palm oil which has high yield product and high nitrogen content. The experiment was carried out in three stages, namely the pre-treatment of raw materials, the stage of making nitrocellulose through the nitration process and the analysis stage of the nitrocellulose product. The conversion of ?-cellulose fiber cake into nitrocellulose was carried out by varying the acid nitrate with a ratio of H2SO4 98% with HNO3 70% at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5, The reaction is in the nitration process for 30 and 40 minutes and the variation of the nitration process temperature is 10-15oC and 15-20oC. From the results of the study it is known that the optimal conditions for the process of making nitrocellulose from fiber cake palm oil are achieved at a nitrating acid ratio of 1 :1 with a nitration temperature of 15-20oC and a nitration time of 40 minutes. In this condition, yield of 95,0% was obtained with nitrogen content of 9,9%.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Asetat dari A-Selulosa Fiber Cake Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Utami Indarianti , Hasan Abu , Junaidi Robert
Published: September 2021

Penelitian tentang sintesis dan karakterisasi selulosa asetat dari  ?-selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit ini telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan anhidrida asetat sebagai acetylating agent. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan selulosa asetat dengan klasifikasi selulosa diasetat yang memiliki yield produk yang tinggi, mempelajari pengaruh variasi rasio selulosa:anhidrida asetat, waktu asetilasi, dan suhu asetilasi untuk mendapatkan selulosa asetat dengan kondisi yang optimal dari ?-selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini menggunakan variasi rasio selulosa:anhidrida asetat (1:5; 1:10; 1:15), waktu asetilasi (0,5; 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5)jam, dan suhu asetilasi (25 dan 40) oC menghasilkan 30 sampel produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selulosa asetat yang didapatkan berupa selulosa diasetat dengan bentuk padatan berupa serbuk, berwarna putih gading, dan tidak berbau serta memiliki kadar ?-selulosa sebesar 84,29 % dengan kadar air 9,16 % pada rasio selulosa:anhidrida asetat (1:10), waktu asetilasi 1,5 jam, dan suhu asetilasi 40oC dengan nilai yield produk, kadar asetil, dan derajat substitusi berturut-turut 49 %, 39,97 %, dan 2,5.

 

Research on the synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetate from palm oil ?-cellulose fiber cake has been carried out using acetic anhydride as an acetylating agent. This study aims to obtain cellulose acetate with cellulose diacetate classification which has a high product yield, study the effect of variations in the ratio of cellulose:acetic anhydride, acetylation time, and acetylation temperature to obtain cellulose acetate with optimal conditions from palm oil ?-cellulose fiber cake. This study used variations in the ratio of cellulose:acetic anhydride (1:5; 1:10; 1:15), acetylation time (0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5) hours, and acetylation temperature (25 and 40) oC produces 30 product samples. The results showed that the cellulose acetate obtained was in the form of cellulose diacetate with a solid form in the form of powder, ivory white, and odorless and had 84.29% of a-cellulose content with 9.16% of a moisture content at the ratio of cellulose:acetic anhydride (1 :10), acetylation time 1.5 hours, and acetylation temperature 40oC with product yield, acetyl content, and degree of substitution 84.6%, 39.97%, and 2.5, respectively.
Rancang Bangun Digester Untuk Proses Pulping dari Campuran Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Pelepah Pisang dengan Pelarut NaOH
Authors: Atindu Nyayu Fia , Yerizam Muhammad , Dewi Erwana
Published: September 2021

Kebutuhan pulp dan kertas di dunia semakin meningkat. Menurut Asosiasi Pulp dan Kertas Indonesia (APKI) permintaan global maupun domestik masih terus meningkat setiap tahunnya sebesar 2 %. Hal ini mengakibatkan ketersediaan bahan baku industri  kertas menipis. Maka dari itu bahan baku lain yang dapat dijadikan suatu alternatif dari dampak tersebut yaitu tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pelepah pisang. Digester merupakan suatu bejana pemasak yang digunakan sebagai suatu tempat  proses delignifikasi bahan baku pada pembuatan pulp. Pada perancangan alat digester ini mempunyai dimensi meliputi : diameter tangki : 15 cm, tinggi tangki : 30 cm, tebal plate : 0,3 mm, tinggi impeler : 33 cm, kecepatan pengaduk : 95 rpm dan kapasitas 5,5 liter. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancang bangun dan eksperimen. Metode rancang bangun dilakukan untuk perancangan dan pembuatan digester Metode eksperimen dilakukan dengan tujuan yaitu mengetahui kinerja digester agar mendapatkan kondisi optimum alat digester dalam pulping dari campuran tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pelepah pisang. Tahapan  proses pulping  ini yaitu : (1) tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pelepah pisang di potong-potong lalu di cuci dengan air kemudian dikeringkan, (2) pemasakan di dalam digester , (3) pulp disaring, (4) pulp di analisa. Parameter yang diukur yaitu temperatur pemasakan dengan variasi  90, 100,110,120  oC, Parameter yang terjaga konstan yaitu konsentrasi larutan, waktu pemasakan, dan putaran pengaduk. Pada hasil pengamatan dan analisis didapatkan kondisi optimum pada temperature 110oC denganhasil yang di dapat yaitu kadar air 15,50 %, kadar lignin 10,07 %  , kadar hemiselulosa16,03 %  dan kadar selulosa 58,41 %.
The Comparisons between Ethnicity and Poverty Level on Eight Graders’Science Performance
Authors: Lin Hsin-Hui
Published: September 2021

The purposed of this study was to examine the relationships between ethnicity and poverty level with eight graders’ science performance. This study utilized the 8th grade data file (2006 - 2007) from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99 (ECLS-K) and had the sample size of 7,305 students. A full 2-way ANOVA model was applied to test the ethnicity and poverty level effects on the students’ science performance.  Results indicated that ethnicity and poverty had significant effects on students’ science performance. White students have the highest mean score, followed by Asian, but African American students have the lowest mean scores. The gap on the mean scores between the highest and the lowest group was 20 points.  White and Asian students do better on science performance, while Hispanic and African American students have lower scores.  The impact among the interactions of ethnicity and poverty persisted within the breakdown of 10 subgroups’ outcomes. The subgroup of Asian “at/above poverty” had the highest mean scores, while the subgroup African American “below poverty” had the lowest scores. Future studies should continue to investigate African American students in conjunction with science performance.
Iatrogenic hydrohemothorax during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A case report
Authors: Tae Yeon Kim  , Kyu Nam Kim  , Lee Kwang Hyun  , Bo Seok Kwon  , Jo Hyung Jun
Published: September 2021

Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) is a widely used surgical method for renal stone management. However, it can be associated with several complications. Case: We report an acute hemothorax during PNL in 57-year-old male patient with a stone. After observing air bubbles at the diaphragm on the laparoscopic screen, we considered pulmonary complications. A chest radiograph demonstrated a shade that measured 130 mm wide and 70 mm long and fluid retention on the right side of the chest. During drainage of 200 ml of blood through a chest tube, the patient’s vital signs became unstable. After the patient received hydration and intravenous injection of vasopressor, his vital signs stabilized. Conclusions: Pulmonary complications due to pleural injury during PNL can result in death, but the complications can be managed by early diagnosis and treatment. Close cooperation between surgeon and anesthesiologist and routine chest radiographs after PNL can reduce the pulmonary complications.
Study of Diptera species of medical, sanitary, veterinary, and economic importance in Brazil: Bibliographic summary
Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study is to describe the species of Diptera of medical, sanitary, and veterinary importance in Brazil: Bibliographic summary. The mini review consists of a bibliographic summary about the Diptera (Order: Diptera). The research was carried out in studies related to the theme with an emphasis on quantitative and conceptual aspects of Family, Subfamilies, Genera and Species (taxonomic groups). A literature search was carried out containing articles published from 2000 to 2021. The mini review was prepared in Goiânia, Goiás, from July to August 2021, through the Online Scientific Library (Scielo) and internet.
La pastoral de la confesión en las condones de sto. Tomás de Villanueva
Authors: Herrero Bravo Zacarías
Published: September 2021

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Teología Espiritual
Authors: Cilleruelo García Lope
Published: September 2021

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"Allegationes” sobre la potestad eclesiástica Opúsculo inédito de Fray Francisco Castello. O. S. A.
Authors: Campo del Pozo Fernando
Published: September 2021

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L'argument axiologique dans la Philosophie de Dieu de St. Augustin
Authors: Kowalczyk Stanislas
Published: September 2021

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Los marxistas y el estructuralismo ¿Método estructural o método dialéctico?
Authors: Rubio Carracedo José
Published: September 2021

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Exploración del "ser" que concreta al ente material (II)
Authors: Díaz de Tuesta Víctor
Published: September 2021

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San Agustín educador
Authors: Rubio Carracedo José
Published: September 2021

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El programa vital de San Agustín
Authors: Díaz de Tuesta Víctor
Published: September 2021

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Tiempo de amar
Authors: González Niño Andrés
Published: September 2021

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Dialéctica e Historia en Hegel
Authors: Flórez Ramiro
Published: September 2021

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Nota sobre el término Sacramentum, en Lactando
Authors: Cilleruelo García Lope
Published: September 2021

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¿Cómo se hace uno justo? (De Trinitate VIII)
Authors: Morán Fernández José
Published: September 2021

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Dieu en tant que bien suprême selon l’acception de St. Augustin
Authors: Kowalczyk Stanislas
Published: September 2021

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Incredulidad moderna y cristianismo según Teilhard de Chardin
Authors: Rubio Carracedo José
Published: September 2021

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El sacerdote como suplente
Authors: Morán Fernández José
Published: September 2021

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¿Ateísmo o búsqueda de Dios?
Authors: Morán Fernández José
Published: September 2021

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La música rítmica en la liturgia
Authors: Ezcurra Fontecha Julián
Published: September 2021

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La crisis de la conciencia europea a finales del siglo XVII y comienzos del XVIII
Authors: Aparicio López Teófilo
Published: September 2021

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El cristianismo del futuro Según Teilhard de Chardin (III)
Authors: Rubio Carracedo José
Published: September 2021

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El amor medida de la fe
Authors: Morán Fernández José
Published: September 2021

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En torno a un tema: la infalibilidad
Authors: Garrido Sanz Alfonso
Published: September 2021

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Jeremías 31, 7-14. Análisis y contactos literarios
Authors: Mielgo Fernández Constantino
Published: September 2021

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La Catequesis Pastoral en el “de catechizandis rudibus”
Authors: Campo del Pozo Fernando
Published: September 2021

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Carta abierta al R.P. José Moran sobre el sacerdocio
Authors: Díez Eduardo
Published: September 2021

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Uso e interpretación de Zacarías 9,9-10 en el Nuevo Testamento
Authors: Mateos Ciriaco
Published: September 2021

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La teoría agustiniana de la Iluminación en el De Genesi ad litteram (libro XII)
Authors: Pegueroles Juan
Published: September 2021

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El Álbum de Boyacá y los Agustinos
Authors: Campo del Pozo Fernando
Published: September 2021

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La métaphysique du bien selon l‘acception de St. Augustin
Authors: Kowalczyk Stanislas
Published: September 2021

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La persecución religiosa y la orden de san Agustín en la Independencia de Filipinas
Authors: Aparicio López Teófilo
Published: September 2021

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Desarrollo económico del monasterio de Gradefes (León)
Authors: Fernández Fernández Quirino
Published: September 2021

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Los Agustinos dentro del «Parnaso Salmantino» Dieciochesco
Authors: Vallejo Irene
Published: September 2021

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El estudio general dominicano de Valladolid
Authors: Palomares Ibáñez Jesús María
Published: September 2021

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Notas de historiografía agustiniana en el Perú
Authors: Fernández Fernández Quirino
Published: September 2021

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III.- ¿Quién es Dios?
Authors: Cilleruelo García Lope
Published: September 2021

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Antecedentes de la Ley fundamental de la Iglesia
Authors: Campo del Pozo Fernando
Published: September 2021

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Fray Jerónimo Román, historiador del siglo de oro
Authors: Villarroel Fidel
Published: September 2021

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Panorama actual de la Música Litúrgica
Authors: Ezcurra Julián
Published: September 2021

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San José y el Evangelio de la Infancia
Authors: Egido Teófanes
Published: September 2021

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La metafísica de Diego de Zúñiga (1536-1597) y la reforma tridentina de los estudios eclesiásticos
Authors: Gallego Salvadores F. Jordán
Published: September 2021

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Los escritos de Fray Jerónimo Román (II)
Authors: Villarroel Fidel
Published: September 2021

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Erich Fromm y Gabriel Marcel: La esperanza frustrada y la esperanza absoluta
Authors: García Abril Gaspar
Published: September 2021

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La Revolución Filipina y los recoletos de san Agustín
Authors: Aparicio López Teófilo
Published: September 2021

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"Predicación del santo evangelio". Los escritos de Fray Jerónimo Román (III)
Authors: Villarroel Fidel
Published: September 2021

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Muerte y sepultura del coronel Rooke en un convento de Agustinos
Authors: Camargo Pérez Gabriel
Published: September 2021

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El mundo como vestigio de Dios Uno y Trino, según san Agustín
Authors: Espada Antonio
Published: September 2021

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Jerónimo Román, historiador del siglo de oro (IV)
Authors: Villarroel Fidel
Published: September 2021

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XV Semana Internacional de Derecho canónico sobre “el consentimiento matrimonial“ en Andorra
Authors: Campo del Pozo Fernando
Published: September 2021

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En torno al P. Enrique Flórez y la Escuela Agustiniana
Authors: Fernández Fernández Quirino
Published: September 2021

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Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinin Değerlendirilmesi: Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenlerinin Görüşleri
Authors: Yunus Özlem , Yıldırım Zehra , Kalaycı Serpil
Published: September 2021

2020 yılının sonlarına doğru Çin’de ortaya çıkan ve tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid-19 salgını eğitim öğretim faaliyetlerini de etkilemiş, buna bağlı olarak tüm ülkede uzaktan eğitime geçilmiştir. Hızlı ve ani bir şekilde değişen eğitim öğretim anlayışı sonucunda salgının etkilerinin araştırıldığı uzaktan eğitime yönelik araştırmalar daha da önem kazanmıştır. Bu bağlamda gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmanın amacı, fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin uzaktan eğitime yönelik görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Uzaktan eğitimin öğretmen ve öğrenci üzerindeki etkileri, fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin yaşadıkları sorunlar ve sürece dair görüşlerinin ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın araştırma grubunu eğitim öğretim faaliyetlerini uzaktan gerçekleştiren 10 fen bilimleri öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış ve uzman görüşleri alınarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları; uzaktan eğitim sürecinde fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin kullandığı yöntemleri, uzaktan eğitim sürecinin avantajları, dezavantajları, karşılaştıkları sorunları çözme yöntemlerini içermektedir. Buna göre, fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin uzaktan eğitime dair, eğitimde öğretme-öğrenme süreci, iletişim-etkileşim ve ölçme-değerlendirme açısından olumsuz yönelik görüşlere sahip oldukları görülmüştür.
Duygusal ve Kültürel Zekânın İş Tatmini ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkisi: Sosyal Sermayenin Aracılık Rolü
Authors: Çıpa Deniz , Afacan Fındıklı Mine , Altındağ Erkut
Published: September 2021

Bu ampirik çalışmanın temel amacı, öğretmenlerin duygusal ve kültürel zekâ düzeyinin iş tatmini ve örgütsel bağlılığa etkisini incelemek ve sosyal sermaye aracılığıyla bu etkinin farklılık gösterip göstermediğini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma bulguları, 2018-2019 akademik yılında İstanbul ilinde görevli olan öğretmenlerden alınan bilgiler doğrultusunda elde edilmiştir. Toplanan veriler, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kapsamında Smart PLS kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Önceki araştırmalarda desteklenmiş olduğu görülmesine rağmen, bu araştırmada yer alan öğretmen örnekleminde duygusal ve kültürel zekânın iş tatmini üzerinde etkisi görülmemiştir. Diğer yandan duygusal zekânın duyguların düzenlenmesi boyutu ve motivasyonel kültürel zekâ boyutunun duygusal bağlılık ve devam bağlılığı üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Sosyal sermaye, örgütsel bağlılık üzerinde doğrudan ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahiptir. Duygusal ile kültürel zekânın örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkisinde sosyal sermayenin herhangi bir aracılık etkisi belirlenmemiştir.
COMORBIDADES E CO-INFECÇÃO COMO FATORES DE RISCO ASSOCIADOS AO AGRAVAMENTO DE INFECÇÃO PELA COVID-19 EM PACIENTES ATENDIDOS NO CENTRO DE SAÚDE DE METANGULA, NO NORTE DE MOÇAMBIQUE
Authors: Samuel Wilson , Monjane Nércia Eugénio
Published: September 2021

Objectivo: O presente estudo pretende avaliar os fatores de risco preexistentes associados ao agravamento de infecção pela COVID-19 em pacientes atendidos no Centro de Saúde de Metangula. Método: Estudo transversal e retrospectivo realizado a partir de dados secundários extraídos do boletim epidemiológico do Centro de Saúde de Metangula num período de 01 (um) ano. Foram obtidos os dados demográficos, condição clinica e resultado laboratorial da COVID-19. Os dados foram analisados e apresentados em forma de gráficos e tabela com números absolutos e relativos. Resultados: Os dados revelaram que ocorreram incidências de infecção por COVID-19 em todas as faixas etárias, com predominância na faixa etária de 30-39 anos e predominância de caso de COVID-19 nos homens em comparação com mulheres. As comorbidades como diabetes mellitus, doenças respiratórias crónicas e os pacientes infectados com vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV), foram fatores de alto risco para o agravamento de infecção por COVID-19 entre os pacientes atendidos no Centro de Saúde de Metangula. Conclusão: Este estudo pode facilitar os prestadores de cuidados de saúde na identificação de pacientes com fatores de risco e, consequentemente, a diminuição no número de casos e de óbitos por essa doença. Os achados serão úteis para os tomadores de decisão na implementação de protocolos de manejos de pacientes com complicação gerados por determinada comorbidade e co-infecção aquando da sua associação à infecção por coronavírus.
Assessment of Effectiveness of Acupressure on Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting among Women with Reproductive Organ Cancer
Authors:   Professor, St. Mary's College of Nursing, Lucknow, Kavichelvi K
Published: September 2021

Background of the study: Nausea and vomiting are among the most common and distressing symptoms that patients with cancer endure, both as a result of anti – neoplastic treatment and from the disease itself, and significantly affect patients selfcare, coping abilities, and quality of life. Effective management of these individual symptom's response must be there throughout the cancer treatment. Since the acupressure is an easily applicable method regardless of time and place, cost effective, self-controlled and noninvasive method, it can be used to treat chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting among clients with cancer receiving chemotherapy. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of non-pharmacological method, acupressure as a treatment modality to relieve nausea and vomiting among patients receiving chemotherapy. Methodology: A quasi-experimental pretest posttest design was adopted. The study sample comprised of 80 women admitted with ovarian cancer and cancer cervix receiving second and third cycle of chemotherapy. Non probability purposive sampling technique was adopted. Self-administered modified Rhode's index scale was administered to the women with reproductive organ cancer receiving second and third cycle of chemotherapy. The level of CINV was assessed by asking the women to indicate the level of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting being experienced by them. Results: Findings of this study revealed that acupressure has an effect on the women with ovarian and cervix cancer who were receiving chemotherapy by decreasing the level of CINV. Conclusion: Acupressure will be an effective adjunctive in controlling chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and it can be tried in any oncological setting of clinical practice.