bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿Buscando Leviatanes? Las cambiantes perspectivas sobre el Estado liberal y el desarrollo en la historia peruana
Authors: Gootenberg Paul
Published: March 2023

Este ensayo examina las concepciones cambiantes del Estado y el desarrollo dentro de los recientes materiales de la historiografía peruana. Las amplias interpretaciones de una dependencia estructural de las décadas de 1970 y 1980 dieron paso a un «giro político» más difuso y creativo durante la de 1990 y después. Estas cambiantes ideas históricas, que todavía no se logran sintetizar del todo, se relacionan con diferentes concepciones globales y fases de liberalismo económico; el cambiante papel que se percibe de los Estados sobre el desarrollo; y la integración y disciplinamiento social de una nación peruana enormemente desigual. Algunos aspectos de estos debates históricos peruanos pueden ayudar a esclarecer controversias similares en gran parte de la región.
Economía y empresa en Arequipa a inicios de la República, 1825-1850
Authors: Condori Víctor
Published: March 2023

La producción historiográfica en torno a la economía arequipeña del siglo XIX nos presenta un panorama bastante conocido y frecuente, relacionado con la crisis de la industria vinatera y elauge de las exportaciones laneras; sin embargo, al no existir una verdadera continuidad entreestos dos períodos, ella ha pasado por alto varias décadas de esfuerzos personales y colectivos,públicos y privados, nacionales y extranjeros,realizados con el objetivo de contrarrestar la intrincadasituación económica de nuestros primeros años republicanos. En tal sentido, utilizandoinformación de primera mano, obtenida principalmente de protocolos notariales, el presente trabajode investigación busca en primer término, entender la situación económica regional durantelas primeras décadas de vida independiente y en segundo, conocer todo el tejido empresarial, queen forma de sociedades o compañías, se estructuró en Arequipa durante aquellos difíciles años de iniciación de nuestra República.
IS-LM Stability Revisited: Samuelson was Right, Modigliani was Wrong
Authors: Mendoza Waldo
Published: March 2023

In Hicks’s IS-LM model, where it is assumed that production is determined in the goods marketand the interest rate is determined in the money market, when the marginal propensity to spend is greater than one, the IS has a positive slope. Modigliani (1944), Varian (1977) and Sargent (1987) determined that in this special case the IS-LM model is stable when the LM slope isgreater than the IS.In line with Samuelson (1941), this article shows that in this case the model is stable when the IS slope is greater than the LM slope. However, in this stable case the model does not have a useful economic meaning.One solution to this theoretical problem is to abandon the Keynesian adjustment mechanism and replace it with the Classical mechanism where the interest rate is determined in the goods market and production is determined in the money market. In this case, the IS-LM model is stable when the LM is steeper than the IS.
Contratos, curva de Phillips y política monetaria
Authors: Jiménez Félix
Published: March 2023

Este trabajo muestra que la existencia de contratos implícitos o explícitos, da lugar a desvíos de la producción respecto de su nivel de pleno empleo y, por lo tanto, a la configuración de una curva de oferta agregada de corto plazo con pendiente positiva. Estos desvíos pueden asimismo expresarse con una curva de Phillips. Definida la curva de Phillips, se integra una regla de política monetaria que permite modelar los efectos de la reacción del Banco Central ante los desvíos de la inflación respecto de la inflación meta. Se desarrolla un modelo con una función de pérdida del Banco Central para luego obtener una regla monetaria óptima que modifica la versión sintética de la Regla de Taylor. Este modelo permite realizar análisis de estática comparativa a corto plazo.
Characterization of Pasteurella multocida and Riemerella anatipestifer of Ducks in Assam, India
Authors: Borah Baristha , Hazarika Ritam , Deka Purabi , Saikia Deep Prakash , Doley Monuj Kumar , Sinha Snehangsu , Sharma Rajeev Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background: Among the various bacterial pathogens P. multocida and R. anatipestifer cause varying degrees of mortality and morbidity leading to huge economic losses among the duck farming community. Considering the lack of information regarding the characterization of P. multocida and R. anatipestifer, a study was undertaken to establish the prevalence of these diseases in ducks from different parts of Assam, together with the capsular and virulence-associated gene characterization and antimicrobial resistance. Methods: A total of 235 samples comprising lungs, tracheal swabs, livers, heart blood and spleens collected from 47 diseased ducks, were screened for P. multocida and R. anatipestifer. The capsular and virulence-associated genes were amplified in isolated strains. The resistance pattern towards commonly used antimicrobial agents was studied by the disc diffusion method. Result: The prevalence of duck septicemia and new duck disease was confirmed in ducks of Assam, India. Molecular tools were found to be highly specific besides phenotypic-based approaches in the detection, confirmation and differentiation of both bacteria due to phenotypic similarity. The antibiotic resistance patterns of both bacteria revealed a varying degree of sensitivity toward different antibiotics.
Effects of in ovo Administration of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Vitamin C on Hatchability Performance and Redox Status in Day Old Kadaknath Hatchlings
Authors: Kesariya M.K. , Roy M. , Dinani O.P. , Dora S. , Roy S. , Prusty S.
Published: March 2023

Background: In poultry industry, hatcheries play a vital role in connecting the poultry production chain and are expected in the productive performance, with an impact on company profits. The use of in ovo feeding support poultry embryonic development and offers the production efficiency and welfare of commercial poultry. Methods: This study investigated the impact of in ovo administration of normal saline, Zinc oxide nanoparticles and Vitamin C on hatchability, chick growth and redox status in Kadaknath hatchlings. Zinc oxide nanostructures were synthesized by chemical method and characterized for size determination. A total of 150 fertile eggs of the Kadaknath poultry breed were divided into five groups (T0 to T4) and treated with in ovo administration of 200 μl each of normal saline, zinc oxide nanoparticles (5 and 10 ppm) and Vitamin C respectively on the 18th day of incubation through air sac into amniotic fluid. Result: Rod shaped nanostructures ranging from 45 to 98 nm were synthesized and showed sharp peak positioned at 436.59 cm-1. Zinc nano composite 5 ppm and vitamin C administration had significantly (p less than 0.05) improved hatchability, hatch weight, chick weight and egg weight ratio and antioxidant status.
Determination of Density and Frequency of Weeds in Commercial Crops of Hamur District of Ağrı, Türkiye
Authors: SAVCI Harun , GÜRBÜZ Ramazan
Published: March 2023

Weeds not only cause yield and quality losses in cultivated plants but also hinder harvesting. To effectively reduce these negative effects, it's crucial to identify the weed species and choose the most appropriate control method. Conducting regular surveys in areas where crops are grown is essential for this purpose. This study was carried out to determine the weed types, densities, and frequency of occurrence in barley, wheat, alfalfa, sainfoin, and vetch cultivation areas, which are widely cultivated in the Hamur district of Ağrı province in 2022. In addition, face-to-face surveys were conducted with 100 different producers who cultivate these cultivated plants. During the surveys, 63 different weed species belonging to 19 families were determined throughout the district. At the level of cultivated plants, the highest number of weed species were found to be 42 species belonging to 17 families in sainfoin, 31 species belonging to 14 families in wheat, 27 species belonging to 13 families in barley, 25 species belonging to 16 families in alfalfa, and 18 weed species belonging to 12 families in vetch. Weeds with a higher incidence compared to cultivated plants were Convolvulus arvensis L. in the wheat, Cardaria draba L. (65%) in the barley, Convolvulus arvensis L. (55%) in the sainfoin, Tragopogon pratensis L. (45%) in the alfalfa, and Tragopogon pratensis L. (60%) in the vetch cultivation areas. In the face-to-face surveys conducted within the scope of the study, 65% of the farmers stated that weeds are the most important plant protection problem in agricultural production areas. The majority of the producers reported that they preferred the mechanical control method against these weeds.
Research Trends of Comparative Education in Korea:Focusing on Korean Journal of Comparative Education from 2010 to 2022
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Park Hyekyung , Kim Junghee
Published: March 2023

[Purpose]This article aims to analyze the trend of comparative education research in South Korea since the 2010s, when it entered a period of qualitative sophistication. With the purpose we tried to grasp the characteristics of comparative education research in the context of South Korea.
[Methods]For this purpose, we analyzed 581 papers published from 2010 to 2022 by Korean Journal of Comparative Education which is one of the most representative comparative education research journal in South Korea with Bray&Thoams(1995) analysis frame.
[Results]First, the systematic aspect of comparative education research has been gradually secured since 2010 as the number of English issues was increased. Second, from the academic aspect, it was found that the diversity of Korean comparative education research has relatively increased compared to before 2010. There was a significant increase in the number of studies applying literature research methods. At the geographic/locational levels, interest in developed countries was maintained, while interest in developing countries also expaneded. In aspects of education and of society, it was expanded while maintaining the tradition of educational administration. In terms of nonlocational demograhpic groups, it showed that there was a high level of interest in higher education and teacher groups.
[Conclusion]The research trend since 2010 showed a shift of viewpoints in relation to the changes in the position of South Korea in the international community. For the qualitative growth of Korean comparative education research, it is necessary to make effort to secure diversity.
Exploring the Possibility of Using Discursive Institutionalism Approach in Comparative Education Research: Focusing on Competency Education Discourse
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, So Kyunghee
Published: March 2023

[Purpose]This study aimed to explore the possibility of using discursive institutionalism as one of the new approaches for post-national comparative education research.
[Methods] In this study, domestic and international literature were analyzed to explore the characteristics of the discursive institutionalism approach and the use of this approach in comparative education research, and the possibility and significance of the discursive institutionalism approach in comparative education research were discussed.
[Results] The study revealed the following. First, the core argument of discursive institutionalism is that the discursive interactions between actors in the process of policy formation can lead to policy change or maintenance. Second, in the study of the discursive institutionalisml approach, the focus is on analyzing the discourse, that is, the coordinative discourse and communicative discourse communicated in the policy formation process. Third, the discursive institutionalism approach can be a useful theoretical framework for comparative education research to understand the transition and change of global education policy by allowing analysis of the translation and recontextualization process of global discourse in each country's policy context.
[Conclusion] Based on the research results, this study suggested the active use of the discursive institutionalism approach in the field of comparative education and the analysis of the re-contextualization of global education discourse in Korea based on the discursive institutionalism approach.
Historical and pedagogical aspects of formation of modern educational system for student youth in informational confrontation
Authors: Meshcheryakova Elena I. , Kobzistaya Marina V.
Published: March 2023

The study of the historical and pedagogical aspects of the problem of the formation of the modern educational system for students in informational confrontation aims to identify its existential content characteristics associated with the conduct of modern mental warfare, as well as to develop recommendations for the implementation of subject-subject interaction that ensures the development of the paradigmatic worldview of students in the educational process of universities, their moral and psychological resistance to the impact of the tools of information and psychological impact of mental warfare. To conduct the research, it is advisable to use paradigmatic, axiological and subject-activity private-scientific methodological approaches combined with a general methodological system approach. The practical significance of the research results lies not only in the fact that it focuses on the necessity and possibility of using the historical material of information wars in the educational process, but also substantiates the importance of developing and implementing subject-oriented technologies in the context of the modern system of semantic education. The expected social consequences of the practical use of the research results in the educational process of universities will be the readiness of students for the informational and psychological impact of the tools of mental warfare, moral and psychological stability in its purposeful destructive influence. The originality of the study of the current issues of the formation of the education system in “paradigm shift”, the results of which are presented in this article, is determined not only by the choice of insufficiently studied historical and pedagogical aspects, but also by the results obtained in the process of its implementation, which are important for the pedagogical theory and practice of the organization of the education of students in the conditions of the existential influence of factors of modern informational confrontations.
A new Perspective on Parkinson's disease: exploring the involvement of intestine and vagus lysates in α-synucleinopathy propagation
Authors: Ullah Rahat , Dawson Valina L. , Dawson Ted M.
Published: March 2023

In Parkinson's disease (PD), the accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) in the brain is a major characteristic of the pathology. α-Syn formation and aggregation may originate in the enteric nervous system and pathologic α-syn can be transmitted to the central nervous system via the vagus nerve. In this commentary, we summarize the findings of Yang et al.[1] in which they report on the ability of a Parkinson’s disease patient's intestinal and vagus lysates containing pathologic α-syn to template endogenous rat α-syn culminating in the spread of pathologic α-syn, deposition of pathologic α-syn, and neuroinflammation in different brain regions and neurodegeneration of dopamine neurons. These observations are discussed with other studies supporting the significance of the gastrointestinal system in PD pathogenesis and future directions of research are highlighted.
Indian Coal Mines in Hundred Years Old Fiction and Now: A Geographical Analysis
Authors: Ghosh Payel
Published: March 2023

This study attempts to construe the first-ever coalmine-oriented Bengali fiction from a social, historical, and geographic perspective. Sailjananda Mukhopadhyay wrote Koylakuthi (the coal miners’ office) in 1922, representing Bengal’s coal mines. This study aims to reconstruct the miners’ society from the early 20th Century with narratives from this story and examine the societal challenges and changes a hundred years apart. A comparative study of the mining geo-cultural landscape of the 1920s Bengal and its contemporary counterpart is carried out. Changed geography, technology, and community are observed. And it reveals that areal expansion of the coalfields has increased production, and technological advancement has increased the safety and security of the miner class. However, the labour structure, class and caste hierarchy, and patriarchal mindset have hardly changed.
Strategi Perempuan Adat Pendatang dalam Merespon Sistem Budaya Padi sebagai Sumber Penghidupan
Authors: Scorviana H Nova , Siscawati Mia
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri dan memperoleh informasi mengenai strategi perempuan pendatang dalam merespon sistem budaya padi sebagai sumber penghidupan, juga untuk menemukan bentuk-bentuk perjuangan perempuan pendatang dalam berurusan dengan serangkaian adat istiadat dan adaptasi budaya baru dalam kehidupan mereka sebagai perempuan adat. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah perempuan adat pendatang yang memutuskan untuk tinggal dan menetap di Kasepuhan Ciptagelar akibat menikah dengan laki-laki asal Ciptagelar. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif perspektif feminis, teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan studi data sekunder, analisis data dilakukan dengan cara coding dan pengklasifikasian data sesuai tema-tema hingga penarikan kesimpulan, lalu interpretasi data menggunakan teori feminist political ecology. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para perempuan adat pendatang melakukan beragam strategi sebagai perjuangan dalam pemenuhan penghidupan mereka, seperti: meleburkan diri mereka terhadap masyarakat yang mereka datangi dengan cara taat pada aturan adat dan aktif berkegiatan di Imah Gede sebagaimana yang dilakukan para perempuan non pendatang, melakukan pertanian non padi untuk menopang perekonomian keluarga, dan memanfaatkan peluang mata pencaharian dari tamu yang berkunjung dan menginap di rumah mereka.
Trust and Accountability: Legal Implications of Train Delays
Authors: Churniawan Erifendi
Published: March 2023

This normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches aims to analyze the implications of train delays according to schedule in a progressive legal perspective and to construct ethical and legal responsibility for such delays. The results reveal that train delays not only harm passengers but also decrease public trust in rail services. In a progressive legal perspective, trust is the fundamental element for law to serve human interests. To address this issue, a minister of transportation regulation should be established to hold train service managers accountable for delays and provide ethical and legal obligations to passengers. By learning from the accountability of aircraft delays, such regulations can be adapted to rail transportation.
 
Highlights:

Train delays have negative consequences for passengers and public trust in rail services.
Trust is a fundamental element for law to serve human interests.
A minister of transportation regulation should be established to hold train service managers accountable for delays and provide ethical and legal obligations to passengers.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Profit Loss Sharing (PLS) in Islamic Banking Research Using Vosviewer Application
Authors: Fahamsyah Mohammad Hatta , 'Ainulyaqin Muhammad Hamdan
Published: March 2023

The aim of this investigation is to conduct a systematic examination of bibliometric data analysis utilizing VOS Viewer and to present a comprehensive, step-by-step demonstration. The analysis is intended to assist individuals who are utilizing VOSviewer for the first time in easily accessing and utilizing the software. This study uses VOSviewer's mapping tool to provide data analysis on Islamic banking profit loss sharing (PLS) and its evolution over his five years (2018-2023). The methods used were qualitatively descriptive to explain the performance of econometric literature analysis by creating network visualizations of selected topics. The search results found 996 relevant published journals from 2018 to 2023, grouped into 10 categories by year of publication. Once the journal data had been categorized, from our analysis, it was found that there were 996 articles related to profit sharing in Islamic banking that were published within the period of 2018 to 2023. Consequently, it was deduced that profit and loss sharing in Islamic banking could be linked to various other research domains, indicating that there are ample opportunities to uncover new perspectives on this subject. Additionally, this research aims to provide researchers with a source to identify promising research areas and to choose research topics.
Condiciones del transporte hacia el matadero que afectan las características ante mortem y post mortem en el ganado bovino
Authors:   , Pérez Valverde Yolanda Carolinne
Published: March 2023

El transporte del ganado bovino hacia el matadero constituye todo manejo dado sobre el ganado desde el centro de producción hasta el matadero. En esta gran fase ocurren muchos factores que generan estrés en el ganado y ponen en peligro su bienestar. El estrés es el punto de inicio para obtener cortes y hematomas observables en la inspección ante mortem, disminuyendo así las ganancias del ganadero por decomiso en la inspección post mortem; además, le genera pérdida de clientes exigentes al matadero. Por consiguiente, este trabajo de investigación presenta una revisión de manejos sobre ganado durante el transporte hacia el matadero que han causado un impacto positivo sobre su bienestar y calidad de carne y señala qué tipo de manejos han generado estrés en el animal y graves contusiones en la canal, conllevando a una carne oscura, firme y seca (dark, firm and dry) DFD.
Impacto del Covid-19 en la odontología
Authors:   , Espinoza Vilela Francis Valeria , Millán Moquillaza Nadia Michelle
Published: March 2023

A inicios del último mes del 2019 en Wuhan, China se presentaron ciudadanos enfermos diagnosticados con neumonía grave de origen desconocido en varios hospitales.(1) A raíz de que los constantes casos de neumonía iban aumentando, se decidió realizarles una muestra y/o cultivo de las vías respiratorias a los pacientes infectados para que este sea enviado al laboratorio y determinar su etiología.(2) El último día del 2019 se reportó a la OMS el brote en la ciudad y una semana después se identificó al virus SARS-CoV-2 como potencialmente infectocontagioso.(3) El virus se fue expandiendo a nivel mundial con el pasar de los días manifestándose con síntomas como fiebre, dolor de cabeza, pérdida del olfato y gusto, dolor de cuerpo, tos seca; afectando los pulmones y conduciendo a la muerte.(4) El ámbito odontológico fue una de las profesiones más afectadas y propensas al contagio por la constante exposición a los fluidos orales como las micropartículas de saliva, sangre y aerosoles generados por instrumentos rotatorios, sin embargo, no solo durante el tratamiento dental sino al hablar, respirar, toser y estornudar. (5,6,7) Hoy en día el odontólogo debe exponerse a diario al contagio del virus, ya que al desempeñar su labor tiene un íntimo contacto con la cavidad oral de cada uno de sus pacientes por los aerosoles que se generan en la consulta dental y produciendo un alto riesgo de contagio tanto para el personal odontológico como para el paciente...
Gestión del conocimiento local para erradicar la pobreza rural y el modelo Pachamama Raymi. Caso: Perú
Authors:   , Jordán Pareja Jorge Luis
Published: March 2023

La investigación tiene la finalidad de conocer la Gestión del Conocimiento Local y su contribución a su erradicación de la pobreza en las áreas rurales del Perú, con la aplicación del Modelo Pachamama Raymi. Es en este contexto donde se entiende a la “Comunidad Campesina” como organización dotada de elementos y actores que realizan actividades con sus propios objetivos, quienes aplicando innovaciones pueden mejorar la situación inicial en que se encontraban. La investigación es experimental longitudinal, pues se muestran los cambios observados en la población del distrito de Ccapi, luego de aplicar el modelo entre los años 2015 – 2017. El enfoque es mixto, el proyecto se aplica sobre una población (familias) del distrito. El alcance es descriptivo, pues existen investigaciones especialmente en el ámbito internacional y en menor cantidad en el ámbito nacional. El hecho de la participación de las familias en el Proyecto y sus respectivos concursos desde ya significan cambios en sus prácticas, que se ratifican después del cierre final con la aplicación de entrevistas a las familias. La Gestión del Conocimiento Local en un ámbito como el distrito de Ccapi, con la aplicación del modelo Pachamama Raymi ha permitido mejoras en el nivel de vida de sus familias. El modelo tiene coincidencias y diferencias con otras teorías de Gestión del Conocimiento en otros contextos y se recomienda la aplicación del modelo por parte del estado y la institucionalidad para la realización de Proyectos en el área rural.
Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles Restore Th17/Treg Homeostasis in Periodontitis via miR-1246
Authors: Xia Yuxing , Cheng Tianfan , Zhang Chengfei , Zhou Min , Hu Zhekai , Kang Feiwu , Liao Chongshan
Published: March 2023

T-cell-mediated immunity is crucial in the immunopathology of periodontitis. The restoration of the equilibrium between the T helper cell 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cell (Treg) subsetsby extrcellular vesicles (EVs) obtained from human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) promotes new bone formation and suppresses inflammation. Uncovering the functions of hBMSC-derived EVs in the immune microenvironment of periodontal tissue and their underlying regulatory mechanisms may shed new light on the development of a potential cell-free immunotherapy for periodontal regeneration. Here we report that The Th17/Treg ratio was elevated in peripheral blood from periodontitis patients. Furthermore,we found that hBMSC-derived EVs could reduce the Th17/Treg ratio in CD4+ T cells from periodontitis patients in vitro and ameliorated experimental periodontitis in mice. Additionally, miRNA sequencing was used to investigate the differentially expressed miRNAs and target genes in EVs from hBMSCs stimulated with P. gingivalis LPS. Our findings indicate that EV-miR-1246 is highly effective at down-regulating the ratio of Th17/Treg in vitro. Mechanistically, EV-miR-1246 suppressed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression and increased the p-Yes-associated protein (YAP)1/YAP1 ratio in CD4+ T cells. Our results indicate that hBMSC-derived EVs improve periodontitis by miR-1246, consequently downregulating Th17/Treg ratio, and represent a promising therapeutic target for precision treatment in periodontitis.
Adult Patient Satisfaction With Nursing Care Services and Associated Factors Among Admitted Patients at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Bogale Bantalem Amanu , Ahmed Sindew Mahmud , Gebrekidan Aynie Birhane , Bogale Getachew Amanu
Published: March 2023

Background: Around the world, providing holistic nursing care and ensuring patient satisfaction have become crucial health-care performance indicators. Despite a lot of efforts to improve patient satisfaction with nursing care, the approach in the developing world, including Ethiopia, is still insufficient.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess adult patients’ satisfaction with nursing care services and identify the factors affecting satisfaction at Saint Paul’s hospital millennium medical college, 2022.
Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted at Saint Paul’s hospital millennium medical college. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 422 study participants. The actual sample was distributed using proportional allocation for each selected adult inpatient departments. Participants were interviewed using a modified structured Amharic version of ‘Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scale’ tool from June 20/2022 to July 30/2022. Data analysis was made by SPSS version 26. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with adult patient satisfaction. Statistical association was declared using 95% CI and a p-value of < 0.05.
Results: The overall level of patient satisfaction with nursing care was 54.3%. Respondents who had no formal education (AOR=8.482; 95% CI=1.678-42.87), being male (AOR=2.487; 95% CI=1.038-5.959) (P-value=0.041), free service consumers (AOR=6.650; 95% CI: 2.677-16.517), health insurance user (AOR=7.309; 95% CI=3.122-17.110) (P-value=0.000), was significantly associated with satisfaction with nursing care. In addition patients’ who had admission history (AOR=0.261; 95% CI=0.122-0.560), governmental workers (AOR=0.090; 95% CI=0.026-0.310) (P-value=0.000) and patients admitted in medical ward (AOR=0.160; 95% CI=0.039-0.649) (P-value=0.010) were associated with patient dissatisfaction with the nursing care services.
Conclusion and recommendations: The finding showed that patient satisfaction with nursing care was rated low. Admission history, higher education level, paid cash for service, private and governmental workers were significant predisposing factors to dissatisfaction with nursing care. On the other hand, patients who had no formal education, free service consumers, and being male were significant predictors of satisfaction with the nursing care services. Therefore, it is recommended to include all communities with health insurance schemes and the hospital administration to better give emphasis to patient needs and expectations.
Long-term Energy System Modelling for a Clean Energy Transition in Egypt's Energy Sector
Authors: Gibson Anna
Published: March 2023

Egypt has the potential to generate significant amounts of renewable energy, in particular solar PV, concentrated solar power (CSP), and onshore and offshore wind. The energy sector is reliant on fossil fuels, particularly natural gas, for electricity production and is at risk of locking itself into a high carbon pathway. Globally, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with national energy sectors is a target outlined in the UN’s Paris Agreement. To reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with a higher dependence on fossil fuels, Egypt must consider upscaling renewable energy technologies (RET) to achieve a clean energy transition (CET).

This research modelled six scenarios using OSeMOSYS to identify the technologies and policy target improvements that are needed to upscale RETs within Egypt’s energy sector. The results showed that solar PV and onshore wind are key technologies to be upscaled to contribute towards Egypt’s CET. The optimal renewable target is the International Renewable Energy Agency’s (IRENA) 53% of electricity to be sourced from RETs by 2030, which will cost $16.4 billion more up to 2035 than Egypt’s current Integrated Sustainable Energy Strategy (ISES) target of 42% by 2035; it also saves 732.0 Mt of CO2 over the entire modelling period to 2070.

Socio-economic barriers to this transition are considered, such as recent discoveries of natural gas reserves combined with a history of energy insecurity, political instability impacting investor confidence, and a lack of international climate funding. The paper concludes with policy recommendations that would enable Egypt to progress towards achieving a CET.
Mechanically Controlled High-Performance Molecular Photoswitch
Authors: Li Yuan , Yang Zhenyu , Cazade Pierre-André , Lin Jin-Liang , Cao Zhou , Chen Ningyue , Zhang Dongdong , Duan Lian , Nijhuis Christian , Thompson Damien
Published: March 2023

Simplified and energy-efficient electronic devices that respond to multiple external stimuli (e.g., voltage, light, and mechanical stress) are needed for nascent technologies ranging from soft robotics and neuromorphic computing to Internet-of-Things1-3. Yet most research to-date focused on one switching modality with one stimulus4-6. Here we align materials design with device technology by introducing mechanical control over photoswitching leading to a new type of dual-gated molecular switch. While molecular switches are inherently energy-efficient7, theoretically ultrafast molecular photoswitches showed disappointing performance to-date, with small on/off ratio of electric current, poor reproducibility, and slow or stochastic switching8,9. It has been particularly challenging to develop efficient photoswitches in molecular tunnel junctions due to quenching and spontaneous back-switching10. On the other hand, molecular mechanical switches have been seldom reported11, despite wide implementation of mechanically-controlled switches12-14. Here, we use mechanical bending of the supporting electrode to direct molecular self-assembly of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active molecules15,16, which allows us modulate the current under both light and mechanical force. This results in rapid, strong, reliable and sustained molecular switching. The high-performance photoswitch is 10-100 times faster than other approaches with on/off ratio of (3.8±0.1)×103during 1600 bright/dark cycles under mechanical force, providing an alternative design route for flexible electronics and optomechatronics.
Impact of administered amount of peptide on tumor dosimetry at the first cycle of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in relation to total tumor somatostatin receptor expression
Authors: Jahn Ulrika , Garske-Román Ulrike , Sandström Mattias , Lubberink Mark , Sundin Anders
Published: March 2023

Background: The accumulation of 177 Lu-DOTATATE might be influenced by the amount of administered peptide in relation to the tumor somatostatin receptor expression. The effect of the administered peptide mass on the resulting absorbed dose in tumors and normal organs has not previously been assessed in relation to the patients’ tumor load.
Method: Patients with small intestinal (n=141) and pancreatic (n=62) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) who underwent PRRT, were selected for retrospective evaluation. All patients had received 7.4 GBq 177Lu-DOTATATE, and the amount of administered peptide in the preparation varied from 78 µg to 456 µg. The absorbed dose in tumors and normal tissue at the first PRRT cycle was calculated, based on SPECT-measurements at day 1, 4, and 7 post infusion. The total tumor somatostatin receptor expression (tTSSTRE) was calculated on SPECT after 24 hours by multiplying the functional tumor volume, delineated by 42% cut-off VOIs of the highest activity, with the SUVmean for the respective tumor VOIs. Spearman’s rank correlation analyzed any relationship between the administered amount of peptide and the absorbed dose in tumors and normal organs, in relation to the patients’ tTSSTRE.
Results: There was no correlation between the amount of peptide and any of the tested parameters in relation to tTSSTRE.
Conclusion: In this retrospective analysis, no correlation between the amount of administered peptide in the 177Lu-DOTATATE preparation and the absorbed radiation doses in tumors and normal tissues was demonstrated in relation to the total tumor SSTR expression.
When roots are overexposed to ZnO nanoparticles, the absorbed zinc accumulates in the root cell wall, inhibiting root elongation and chlorophyll production
Authors: Tokumoto Hayato , Yoshihara Shizue , Yamamoto Kasumi , Nakajima Yoshino , Ibuchi Kana , Nomura Toshiyuki , Kurahashi Kensuke
Published: March 2023

Engineered ZnO nanoparticles exist in particle and ion states in aqueous solutions. This study was compared the exposure of different state Zn for lettuce seedlings as in vitro organ culture of root using lettuce seedlings for short time in petri dish. 0.74 mg L− 1 of Zn2+ ions dissociated from ZnCl2 promoted root elongation in lettuce seedlings. However, at the same Zn2+ ion concentration, ZnO nanoparticle dispersions had an inhibitory effect on root elongation. Additionally, 2.40 mg L− 1 of Zn2+ ions in a ZnCl2 solution inhibited lettuce root elongation. Water-insoluble SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles dispersions had no effect on root elongation, suggesting that the negative impact of metal oxide nanoparticles on root elongation may be specific to ionizable nanoparticles like ZnO. The Zn content in lettuce roots incubated with ZnO nanoparticle dispersions was 8-fold higher than that in ZnCl2 solution-incubated roots. 20 mg L− 1 ZnO nanoparticle dispersion reduced chlorophyll contents in the lettuce seedlings, and all plants died after transplanting into a medium without ZnO nanoparticles. Inhibition of root elongation by ZnO nanoparticle dispersions and ZnCl2 solutions was accompanied by changes in the polysaccharide content of roots, especially the water-soluble components of cell walls increased. Excess intracellular zinc increases the water-soluble fraction of the cell wall, leading to accumulation of zinc ions and stagnation of root elongation due to abnormal cell wall metabolism. In plants exposed to ZnO nanoparticles, a specific mechanism was clearly identified in which accumulation of zinc to roots results in inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis.
Effects of different starch structures on energy metabolism in pigs
Authors: Gao Xiaoqian , Yu Bing , Yu Jie , Mao Xiangbing , Huang Zhiqing , Luo Yuheng , Luo Junqiu , Zheng Ping , Yan Hui , He Jun , Chen Daiwen
Published: March 2023

Background
Starch is a major component of carbohydrates and a major source of energy for monogastric animals. Starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin and has different physiological functions due to its different configuration and structure. It has been shown that the energy supply efficiency of amylose is lower than that of amylopectin. However, there are few studies on the effect of starch structure on the available energy of pigs. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of different structures of starch in the diet on the net energy (NE) of pigs using a comparative slaughter method and to establish a prediction equation to estimate the NE of starch with different structures. A total of fifty-six barrows (initial body weight 10.18 ± 0.11kg) were used, and they were housed and fed individually. Pigs were divided into 7 treatments according to their weight, with 8 replicates for each treatment and 1 pig for each replicate. One of the treatments was randomly selected as the initial slaughter group (ISG). Pigs in the remaining groups were assigned to 6 dietary treatment and slaughtered at the conclusion of the experiment. The basic diet contains corn, soybean meal, without additional starch. The other five starch experimental groups were fed semi-pure diets with amylose/amylopectin ratios (AR) of 3.09, 1.47, 0.25, 0.15 and 0.12, respectively. The diets and water were provided ad libitum for 28 d.
Results
Results showed that compared with the high amylose (AM) groups (AR 3.09 and 1.47), the high amylopectin (AP) group (AR 0.15) significantly increased the final BW, average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake of pigs (quadratic, P < 0.01), but the F: G of the high amylose group was lower (quadratic, P < 0.05). In addition, the high amylopectin groups (AR 0.15 and 0.12) has higher (quadratic, P < 0.001) nutrient digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, gross energy and crude ash. Meanwhile, compared with other groups AR 0.15 group has a higher NE intake and energy retention (RE), while AR 3.09 group has the lowest NE intake and RE (linear, P < 0.05). The regressive equation for predicting with starch structures was established as RE = 1235.243-48.298AM/AP (r2=0.657, P = 0.05).
Conclusions
In conclusion, with the increase of dietary amylopectin content, NE intake and RE of pigs were increased, indicating that diets high in amylopectin were more conducive to promoting the growth of pigs in the late conservation period.
Cross-reactive MHC Class I T Cell Epitopes May Dictate Heterologous Immune Responses Between Respiratory Viruses and Food Allergens
Authors: Balz Kathrin , Kaushik Abhinav , Cemic Franz , Sampath Vanitha , Heger Vanessa , Renz Harald , Nadeau Kari , Skevaki Chrysanthi
Published: March 2023

Respiratory virus infections play a major role in asthma inception, persistence, and exacerbations. There is also a close correlation between asthma and food allergy, and we hypothesize that food-allergen-induced T cell-mediated heterologous immunity likely plays a role in inducing asthma symptoms in sensitized individuals. In this study, we used two independent in silico pipelines for the identification of cross-reactive virus- and food allergen- derived T cell epitopes, considering individual peptide sequence similarity, MHC binding affinity and immunogenicity. We assessed the proteomes of human rhinovirus (RV1b), respiratory syncytial virus (RSVA2) and influenza-strains contained in the seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine 2019/2020 (QIV 2019/2020), as well as SARS-CoV-2 for the most frequent human HLA alleles, in addition to more than 200 most common food allergen protein sequences. All resulting allergen-derived peptide candidates were subjected to an elaborate scoring system considering multiple criteria, including clinical relevance. In both bioinformatics approaches, we found that shortlisted peptide pairs that are potentially binding to MHC class II molecules scored up to 10x lower compared to MHC class I candidate epitopes. For MHC class I food allergen epitopes, several candidate peptides from shrimp, kiwi, apple, soy bean and chicken were identified. Such allergen sources contained potentially cross-reactive epitopes to the aforementioned viruses. The shortlisted set of peptide pairs may be implicated as heterologous virus-mediated immune response to food allergens. Our findings may be translated to peptide immunization strategies with immunomodulatory properties.
Quantitative variation of usnic acid in response to elevation and microsite conditions in Usnea amblyoclada: chemometric modeling for predicting the effects of climate change
Authors: Díaz Raúl , Peralta Mariana , Rodriguez Juan Manuel
Published: March 2023

Mountain ecosystems provide an opportunity to investigate how organisms respond to different climatic patterns. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the content of usnic acid (UA) per mass unit and the total extract yield of Usnea amblyoclada (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr. would increase in exposed microsites (i.e., northern and flat microsites) and at higher elevations (i.e., 1800 m.a.s.l. and 2100 m.a.s.l.). A total of 27 U. amblyoclada extract samples were analyzed. Generalized linear models revealed a significant difference in UA concentration among elevations (p > 0.01). Tukey's post-hoc test indicated that UA concentration was significantly lower at higher elevations (i.e., between 900 and 2100 m.a.s.l.), with no significant differences observed between the 1800 m.a.s.l. and 900 m.a.s.l. elevations, nor between the 1800 and 2100 m.a.s.l. elevations. Our results suggest that temperature is the primary driver of UA content in U. amblyoclada, as UA concentration was lower in samples from higher elevations compared to those from lower elevations.
Feasibility of implementing and integrating cervical cancer screening and treatment of precancerous lesions into the public health system in three states in Nigeria
Authors: Lawson Olufunmilayo , Ameyan Lola , Tukur Zainab , Dunu Sophia , Kerry Matilda , Okuyemi Oluwapelumi Ololade , Yusuf Zainab , Fasawe Olufunke , Wiwa Owens , Hebert Katharine Schilling , Joseph Jessica , Nwokwu Uchechukwu Emmanuel , Okpako Okpikpi , Chime Christopher Ifeanyi
Published: March 2023

Background

Cervical cancer continues to generate a significant burden of disease and death in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Lack of awareness and poor access to early screening and pre-cancer treatment contribute to the high mortality. We describe here the implementation and integration of practical routine cervical cancer screen and treat services into the public health system in Nigeria.

Methods

We conducted an observational study in 177 government health facilities in Lagos, Kaduna, and Rivers State, Nigeria from January to December 2021, in which we reviewed programmatic data collected through the newly introduced Cervical Cancer Prevention Program. Women who received screening and provided consent were enrolled into the study. Data were extracted from registers in the health facilities using SurveyCTO and descriptive statistical analysis was conducted using StataSE 15 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA).

Results

83,593 women were included in the analysis including 6,043 (7%) WLHIV. 67,371 (81%) received VIA as their primary screening while 16,173 (19%) received HPV DNA testing, with 49 (<1%) receiving both at the same time. VIA positivity was 7% for WLHIV and 3% for general population, while HPV prevalence was 16% for WLHIV and 8% for general population. Following a positive HPV result, 21% of women referred, completed triage examination. 1,956 women were identified with precancerous lesions, and 1,874 (96%) received treatment. Of the 194 suspected cancer cases identified, 85 (44%) were successfully referred to an oncology center for advanced treatment. Following treatment with thermal ablation, seven adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

Routine cervical cancer screening and treatment was found to be feasible in a public-health setting. Almost all women who were eligible for pre-cancerous lesion treatment received it, often on the same day when screened using VIA. However, for women referred for a triage exam or due to suspected cancer, many did not complete their referral visits. More effort is required to ensure HPV positive women and women with suspected cancer are adequately linked to care to further reduce morbidity and mortality associated with cervical cancer in Nigeria. Furthermore, additional investments into strengthening laboratories across the country are necessary for seamless HPV testing.
Tolerability of endometriosis medical treatment: a comparison between combined hormonal contraceptives and progestins
Authors: Pinheiro Denise Joffily Pereira da Costa , Pereira Ana Maria Gomes , Antonini Marcelo , Salgado Isabella Maria Albuquerque , Dias Alexandre Torchio , Lopes Reginaldo Guedes Coelho
Published: March 2023

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in women of reproductive age. Much of the treatment involves hormone therapy that suppresses the proliferation of endometriosis lesions.

Objective

to compare discontinuation rates of pharmacological treatment with estrogen-progestins and progestins medications. The secondary objective is to evaluate the main side effects of these drugs in patients with endometriosis.

Methods

this retrospective study analyzed data from 330 patients who attended the Hospital of the State Public Servant of São Paulo from August 1999 to September 2020 and received pharmacological treatment for endometriosis. The data were obtained by review of the files of medical appointments with specialized staff.

Results

the median treatment time was 18 months, ranging from 1 to 168 months, and 177 patients interrupted the proposed treatment. The combined contraceptives with estrogens and progestins were significantly linked to treatment interruption, with a relative risk of 1,99 (p = 0,005). The most important side effects that resulted in treatment interruption were pain persistence (p = 0,043), weight gain (p = 0,017) and spotting (p < 0,001).