bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
More Sugar, Less Salt
Authors: Thompson David
Published: July 2020

A champion of impoverished women, children, immigrants, and the unemployed, Edith Hancox’s chosen family were capital’s dispossessed. Rosemary Hennessy’s material feminist theory of affect-culture and Antonio Gramsci’s articulation of the impassioned organic intellectual offer a conceptual framework for the emotive role Hancox played in nurturing and sustaining working-class resistance in the aftermath of the Winnipeg General Strike. A partial biography is gleaned from contemporary newspaper reports, Hancox’s journalism, government records, family correspondence, and other archival sources. What emerges is a glimpse into the actions, thoughts, and lived experiences of a profoundly significant, yet neglected, socialist feminist. An illegitimate birth, servitude, marriage, motherhood, immigration, and a critical engagement with organized religion formed the basis of Hancox’s radical leadership during the Winnipeg revolt. As secretary of the first national unemployment association in Canada, Hancox mobilized thousands of the nation’s workless and presented a devastating gender, race, and class critique of liberal capitalism. Through her writing and activism, she also challenged the most important leftist organizations of her era – the Labor Church, the Women’s Labor League, the One Big Union, and the Communist Party of Canada – to build a more expansive and inclusive revolutionary movement.

 

Championne des femmes, enfants, immigrants et chômeurs pauvres, la famille choisie par Edith Hancox a l’est parmi ceux qui sont dépossédé du capital. La théorie matérialiste féministe de Rosemary Hennessy sur la culture affective et la conception d’Antonio Gramsci de l’intellectuel organique passionné offrent un cadre conceptuel pour le rôle émotif joué par Hancox dans le développement et le maintien de la résistance de la classe ouvrière au lendemain de la grève générale de Winnipeg. Une biographie partielle est tirée des articles de journaux contemporains, du journalisme de Hancox, des documents gouvernementaux, de la correspondance familiale et d’autres sources d’archives. Ce qui émerge est un aperçu des actions, des pensées et des expériences vécues d’une féministe socialiste profondément significative, mais négligée. Une naissance illégitime, la servitude, le mariage, la maternité, l’immigration et un engagement critique envers la religion organisée ont formé la base du leadership radical de Hancox pendant la révolte de Winnipeg. En tant que secrétaire de la première association nationale de lutte contre le chômage au Canada, Hancox a mobilisé des milliers de personnes sans travail et a présenté une critique dévastatrice du capitalisme libéral en matière de genre, de race et de classe. Par ses écrits et son activisme, elle a également mis au défi les organisations de gauche les plus importantes de son époque - l’Église travailliste, la Ligue des femmes travaillistes, la One Big Union et le Parti communiste du Canada – pour construire un mouvement révolutionnaire plus vaste et inclusif.
The Left in the United States and the Decline of the Socialist Party of America, 1934–1935
Authors: Zumoff Jacob A.
Published: July 2020

In the early years of the Great Depression, the American Socialist Party (sp) attracted left-wing youth and intellectuals at the same time that it faced the challenges of distinguishing itself from the Democratic Party of Franklin D. Roosevelt. By 1936, as its right-wing historic leadership (the “Old Guard”) left the sp and many of the more left-wing members of the sp had decamped, the party dwindled to a shell of its former strength. This article examines the internal struggles within the sp between the Old Guard and the left-wing “Militant” groupings and analyzes how the groups to the left of the sp reacted, particularly the pro-Moscow Communist Party and the supporters of Trotsky and Bukharin who were organized into two smaller groups, the Communist Party (Opposition) and Workers Party.
 
Dans les premières années de la Grande Dépression, le Parti socialiste américain a attiré des jeunes et des intellectuels de gauche en même temps qu’il était confronté au défi de se distinguer du Parti démocrate de Franklin D. Roosevelt. En 1936, alors que sa direction historique de droite (la «vieille garde») quittait le Parti socialiste américain et que bon nombre des membres les plus à gauche du Parti socialiste américain avaient décampé, le parti a perdu de sa vigueur. Cet article examine les luttes internes au sein du Partie socialiste américain entre la vieille garde et les groupements «militants» de gauche et analyse la réaction des groupes à gauche du Parti socialiste américain, en particulier le Parti communiste pro-Moscou et les partisans de Trotsky et Boukharine qui ont été organisés en deux petits groupes, le Parti communiste (opposition) et le Parti des travailleurs.
X-ray microscope for imaging topological charge and orbital angular momentum distribution formed by chirality
Authors: Kohmura Yoshiki , Sawada Kei , Mizumaki Masaichiro , Ohwada Kenji , Watanuki Tetsu , Ishikawa Tetsuya
Published: July 2020

The distribution of topological charges on X-ray vortices was measured by differential Fourier space filtering microscope, differential radial Hilbert transform microscope. It was experimentally verified for the first time using a Spiral Fresnel zone plate objective lens. This X-ray microscope is highly sensitive to X-ray topological defects, such as edges and vortices, at the exit-face wave field of objects. Its efficient use is also discussed.
Experimental demonstration of nanophotonic devices and circuits with colloidal quantum dot waveguides
Authors: Liu Hui , Rong Kexiu , Li Zhi , Chen Jianjun
Published: July 2020

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have been widely used as absorption or emission materials due to their large-absorption and high-gain properties. However, they are seldom used as low-loss materials in passive nanophotonic devices. Moreover, combinations of two or more properties of CQDs are difficult owing to miscibility of different CQDs. Here, low-loss CQD waveguides are experimentally achieved at wavelengths longer than their fluorescence wavelengths. By using the low-loss and uniform CQD waveguides, various passive nanophotonic devices and a nanophotonic circuit are successfully demonstrated. Furthermore, by employing both of a pattern-assisted stacking and a transfer-printing approach, the miscible problem of different CQDs is addressed, and a low-loss CQD waveguide and a high-gain CQD laser are experimentally integrated on a single chip.
Mechanisms of picosecond laser-induced damage in common multilayer dielectric gratings
Authors: Hoffman B. N. , Kozlov A. A. , Liu N. , Huang H. , Oliver J. B. , Rigatti A. L. , Kessler T. J. , Shestopalov A. A. , Demos S. G.
Published: July 2020

The modifications of multilayer dielectric (MLD) gratings arising from laser-induced damage using 0.6-ps and 10-ps laser pulses at 1053 nm are investigated to better understand the damage-initiation mechanisms. Upon damage initiation, sections of the affected grating pillars are removed, thereby erasing the signature of the underlying mechanisms of laser damage. To address this issue, we performed paired studies using macroscopic grating-like features that are 5 mm in width to reveal the laser-damage morphology of the different grating sections: pillar side wall, sole, and pillar top. The results suggest that, similarly to MLD coatings, there are two damage-initiation mechanisms corresponding to the different pulse durations.
Ensemble model with cascade attention mechanism for high-resolution remote sensing image scene classification
Authors: Li Fengpeng , Feng Ruyi , Han Wei , Wang Lizhe
Published: July 2020

Scene classification of high-resolution remote sensing images is a fundamental task of earth observation. And numerous methods have been proposed to achieve this. However, these models are inadequate as the number of labelled training data limits them. Most of the existing methods entirely rely on global information, while regions with class-specific ground objects determine the categories of high-resolution remote sensing images. An ensemble model with a cascade attention mechanism, which consists of two kinds of the convolutional neural network, is proposed to address these issues. To improve the generality of the feature extractor, each branch is trained on different large datasets to enrich the prior knowledge. Moreover, to force the model to focus on the most class-specific region in each high-resolution remote sensing image, a cascade attention mechanism is proposed to combine the branches and capture the most discriminative information. By experiments on four benchmark datasets, OPTIMAL-31, UC Merced Land-Use Dataset, Aerial Image Dataset and NWPU-RESISC45, the proposed end-to-end model cascade attention-based double branches model in this paper achieves state-of-the-art performance on each benchmark dataset.
Quantitative investigation of laser-induced damage fatigue in HfO2 and ZrO2 single layer coatings
Authors: Smalakys Linas , Drobužaitė Evelina , Momgaudis Balys , Grigutis Robertas , Melninkaitis Andrius
Published: July 2020

The decrease of laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of optical materials when irradiated with multiple laser pulses is an important phenomenon commonly known as the optical fatigue effect. In case of pulsed femtosecond irradiation fatigue is usually attributed to incubation of laser-induced lattice defects. In this study, standard S-on-1 LIDT test was complimented with in situ time-resolved digital holographic microscopy (TRDHM) to quantitatively investigate fatigue of catastrophic damage for HfO2 and ZrO2 single layer ion-beam-sputtered optical coatings. It was identified that ablation (critical damage) was preceded by exponential increase in optical path length visible as positive phase shift (subcritical damage). Atomic force microscopy was used to show that physical damage originates as localized 100 nm wide nanogrooves perpendicular to laser polarization. A novel link was established between LIDT fatigue and mechanical fatigue crack growth from cyclic loads which allowed construction of a unified numerical fatigue model that reproduced both S-on-1 and TRDHM experimental data.
Contrainformação e conhecimento emancipatório como práticas educativas no enfrentamento da economia de desastres da mineração em Barcarena (PA).
Authors: Do Carmo Eunapio Dutra
Published: July 2020

A crise ambiental sob a hegemonia da mineração em Barcarena provocou a recomposição do campo político. Este artigo faz uma análise da atuação dos movimentos sociais na produção social da contra-informação no contexto da economia de desastre. São apresentadas as principais tensões em torno da disputa narrativa e as estratégias de resistências. De um modo geral, há uma importante insurgência política no campo de informações na medida em que os atores atingidos estão se apropriando de outros conhecimentos que vem potencializando as resistências e à defesa dos ecossistemas duramente atingidos. O conjunto destas ações pautam práticas educativas na formação de sujeitos políticos com caráter emancipatório, cujo foco é a garantia de direitos socioterritoriais para os povos da Amazônia. A abordagem interdisciplinar colabora na apreensão da arena de disputa, em especial, a politização do tema desastres, ampliando a análise dos mesmos, rompendo com a visão tecnicista agenciado pelas mineradoras.
Circulating Family Images
Authors: Pfeifer Simone
Published: July 2020

In her contribution Simone Pfeifer reflects on the experiences of doing fieldwork with and without a non-anthropological partner and child in Dakar and Berlin. Inquiring into transnational media practices, she contrasts her own making and circulation of family images, including the use of Skype, with that of her interlocutors. Through this she demonstrates how notions of transnational families are constructed and shaped not only by global image practices but also by varying ideologies of what a family is or should be. In an artistic-anthropological collaboration with her partner resulting in a photo-installation and photo-collages, both relate to shared experiences and dynamics of fieldwork and the mediated presence and absence of close family members in transnational everyday life and anthropological research.
Datenjournalismus
Authors: Skinner Barnaby
Published: July 2020

Der Datenjournalismus hat sich in den letzten zehn Jahren fundamental weiterentwickelt. Weniger in den Darstellungsformen, noch immer sind viele Karten im Einsatz, und simple Balkendiagramme oder Liniengrafiken gehören auch heute zu den beliebtesten journalistischen Darstellungsformen von Daten. Sie sind auch für ein Breitenpublikum einfach verständlich. Die große Entwicklung passierte bei den Journalisten selber. Viele haben ihren persönlichen Werkzeugkasten mit Programmierkenntnissen erweitert. Die aktuell beliebtesten Sprachen für Datenjournalisten sind R oder Python, beide grammatikalisch sehr nahe bei der menschlichen Sprache. Wie Journalisten, die Computer-Code beherrschen, davon profitieren, beschreibt Barnaby Skinner im Kapitel »Datenjournalismus: Vom Dilettantismus zum Expertentum«. Gleichzeitig gibt er einen Überblick darüber, wie Journalismus im digitalen Raum mit Code allgemein besser wird.
Einleitende Gedanken zu neuen Wegen der Musikästhetik
Authors: Gálvez José , Reichert Jonas
Published: July 2020

José Gálvez, Jonas Reichert und Elizaveta Willert bieten zunächst einen Überblick über maßgebende Diskurse in zeitgenössischer Musikästhetik und stellen fest, dass neue Wege musikästhetischer Reflexion über den Geltungsbereich musikhistorischer und -philosophischer Problemstellungen hinausgehen (müssen). Ausgehend von zwei zentralen musikästhetischen Ansprüchen, nämlich eine Spezifik von Musik zu bestimmen und ihren Wert zu erklären, werden dann vier Wege zur Neubestimmung musikästhetischen Denkens skizziert: (1) die Bestimmung des Verhältnisses von Musik und Klang, (2) die medien- und kulturhistorische Erforschung musikalischen Hörens, (3) die Untersuchung der musikalischen Konstitution von Subjektivität in Geschichte und Gegenwart und (4) die Diskussion der Potenziale, Grenzen und Ergebnisse empirischer Musikästhetik. Mit der Figur »Wissen im Klang« als Wissensgenerierung über und durch Musik werden schließlich die Beiträge des Sammelbandes kurz dargelegt.
Verkehrswende im suburbanen Raum
Authors: Radtke Jörg , Daub Jürgen
Published: July 2020

Jörg Radtke und Jürgen Daub widmen sich in ihrem Beitrag »Verkehrswende im suburbanen Raum - Herausforderungen von Regiopolen bei der Entwicklung neuer Mobilitätskonzepte« der Frage, welche spezifischen verkehrspolitischen und technisch-infrastrukturellen Bedingungen für eine Verkehrswende von Bedeutung sind. Die zentrale Fragestellung bezieht sich auf die Identifikation signifikanter Problemfelder und Hindernisse, welche die Verkehrswende erschweren. In Regiopolen liegt eine Kopplung von starken Verkehrsströmen bedingt durch hohes Pendleraufkommen und eine vergleichsweise schlechtere Verkehrsinfrastruktur vor. Eine Verkehrswende, die über ein Antriebssubstitut der Elektromobilität hinausreicht, wäre in diesem Kontext weitaus schwieriger zu vollziehen als in Ballungsräumen. Mithilfe eines Fallbeispiels der Regiopole Siegen werden exemplarisch einzelne hemmende Faktoren identifiziert und politische Maßnahmen für die Verkehrswende in Regiopolen bewertet. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Ausblick auf künftige Herausforderungen der Elektromobilität in diesen Regionen und Ansatzpunkte für den Abbau des dominanten Individualverkehrs.
Die sozial-ökologischen Folgen der E-Mobilität
Authors: Prause Louisa , Dietz Kristina
Published: July 2020

Im Zentrum dieses Beitrags stehen Konflikte um den Abbau von Rohstoffen für E-Autos. Wir betrachten Konflikte um den Abbau von Kupfer, Lithium und Kobalt im Kongo, in Peru sowie im so genannten Lithiumdreieck in Chile, Argentinien und Bolivien. Eine Förderung der E-Autos in Europa bedeutet in diesen Ländern die Ausweitung des Bergbaus, der vielerorts gesellschaftlich umstritten ist. Die Gründe hierfür sind vielfältig und reichen von negativen Umweltfolgen und der Zerstörung bestehender Lebensgrundlagen bis zu Fragen des Zugangs zu Arbeit. So setzen sich in einigen Fällen lokale Gemeinden gegen den Rohstoffabbau per se ein, in anderen werden die Bedingungen des Abbaus verhandelt. Das Ziel des Beitrages ist es, die Mehrdimensionalität von Konflikten um Bergbau sowie die transnationalen Verflechtungen zwischen diesen und der Ausweitung der E-Mobilität herauszustellen.
Wachstumsunabhängigkeit durch Soziale Innovationen?
Authors: Tschumi Pascal , Winiger Andrea , Wirth Samuel , Mayer Heike , Seidl Irmi
Published: July 2020

Pascal Tschumi, Andrea Winiger, Samuel Wirth, Heike Mayer und Irmi Seidl widmen sich in ihrem Beitrag Sozialen Innovationen, die zunehmend als Lösungen für die vielfältigen Herausforderungen in peripheren Räumen diskutiert werden. Allerdings ist offen, welche Wirkungen Soziale Innovationen haben. Eine der diesbezüglichen Fragen ist, ob Soziale Innovationen neue Wachstumsimpulse in den Regionen auslösen oder zu Wachstumsunabhängigkeit beitragen. Es wurden Soziale Innovationen in der Schweizer Bergregion Berner Oberland mittels hierfür entwickelter Indikatoren auf ihre potenziellen Wachstumswirkungen hin untersucht. Als Ergebnis werden Idealtypen von Sozialen Innovationen mit besonders ausgeprägten potenziellen Wachstumswirkungen präsentiert. Diese unterscheiden sich bezüglich Finanzierung, Ziel, Werbung, Eigenschaften der Wertschöpfungsketten sowie Beziehung zwischen Produzierenden und Konsumierenden.
The Extent of the Arbitrator's Immunity from Civil Liability Compared to the Judge's Immunity (Comparative Study)
Authors: ALQUDAH Yassin Ahmad , ALKHSEILAT Abdullah Ahmed
Published: July 2020

This study aims at the legal dimensions of the legislative deficiency of the arbitrator's immunity from civil liability in the Jordanian Arbitration Law, which the legislator granted to the judge.

The researchers reached the need to amend the provisions of the Jordanian Arbitration Law to grant immunity to the arbitrator, especially since the work is similar to that of a judge.

The judicial immunity of the arbitrator is civil liability in comparison with the immunity of the judge

Jordanian and Egyptian lawmakers have imposed restrictions on the civil (commercial) arbitrator's responsibility for the mistakes he makes while performing his arbitral mission, This is to encourage arbitration, compared to the position of the arbitrator over the judge's function, hence granting the Jordanian legislator and the Egyptian legislator and the judgments of the commercial arbitrator judicial immunity similar to that enjoyed by the judge but much less than the immunity of the judge.

We therefore consider it appropriate to examine the arbitrator's immunity, beginning with a shedding light on the judges' immunity from civil responsibility, given the similarity in the task entrusted to both the judge and the arbitrator, which is to resolve disputes by a legally binding and enforceable judgment.

This requires us to present the principle of judicial immunity from civil liability, and the reasons that support and oppose such immunity, in order to determine the judicial immunity of arbitrators of civil liability.
Social Media Rumors in Time of Corona Pandemic, Why & How is Criminalized? (Comparative Study)
Authors: ALSHIBLE Mohamad
Published: July 2020

No one in the world does not know what Corona is as a global pandemic, which the Secretary-General of the WHO has declared as ‘the enemy of humanity’. Yes, it is the enemy of humanity; the whole humans rose up to prevent it through several aspects. We are – as lawmen – responsible for the legal sides.

All of us have become so miserable that many sciences are terrified of rumors and false news. The real news leaves pain in the souls, so what about that are false, whether it was broadcast or transmitted with intent or unintentionally

The main objective of this article is to examine the Jordanian legislator attitude in regard of social media rumors during Corona pandemic (COVID19), in comparative to the Chinese legislator. The study shows that the opportunity to punish rumors at the time of the pandemic may be unavailable or weak and not coherent in Jordanian laws in comparison with other legislations, especially in Chinese laws. The study will also show if rumors were included in relative International treaties. The

In respect to the methodology of this article, the author followed the descriptive and analytical approaches of the related Jordanian Penal laws in comparative with the Chinese Regulations in cybercrimes, by explaining the extent to which rumor crimes is punished in Jordan according to legal methods of analysis in comparative to the Chinese legal attitude.
Legal and Organizational Issues of the Transformation of Public Universities into Non-Profit Organizations in Kazakhstan
Authors: ALTYNBASSOV Bakhyt , ABDUKARIMOVA Zaure , BAYANBAYEVA Aigerim , MUKHAMEJANULY Sabit
Published: July 2020

This article discusses several legal and economic problems in the process of globalization of higher education in Kazakhstan. To date, the Government of Kazakhstan has issued a resolution on the transformation of 25 national and state universities into non-profit joint-stock companies, as well as amendments to the Civil Code and other current legislation. As a result of this study, it has been found that the concept of a non-profit joint-stock company was first used in Kazakhstan and contradicted the institution of legal entities in civil law. Such changes and amendments in civil law are an unprecedented phenomenon in the legal systems of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries. There is also a risk that the transfer of higher education institutions to non-profit joint-stock companies may become the legal basis for the illegal privatization of public universities. The authors suggest that the privatization of higher education institutions has been detrimental to the state, and that reform should be addressed based on administrative and legal considerations and through improved university governance models. The modernization of the governance model of public universities according to modern requirements is beneficial to the state and society. The study analyzes the relationship between the university and its stakeholders based on Freeman’s Stakeholder theory. It also identifies deficiencies in legislation that impede the establishment of partnerships between the university and industrial companies and suggests ways to address them.
The Fourth Energy Transition and Development of Energy Sector in Kazakhstan
Authors: BAKTYMBET Assem S. , BAKTYMBET Saule S. , YELSHIBAYEV Rakymzhan K. , UKUBASSOVA Galiya S. , BAKTYMBET Aisara S.
Published: July 2020

The relevance of the subject matter is conditioned upon the fact that currently the main direction of global energy development is already clearly visible: under the influence of changes in energy policy and the development of new technologies, the world is entering the stage of the fourth energy transition to the widespread use of renewable energy sources and displacement of fossil fuels. The development of Kazakhstan's economy requires the transition of energy towards clean and safe renewable sources, which will let the country build a new strong economy and break out of the long-running socio-economic decline, help the international community solve the problem of climate change and improve the safety and welfare of its citizens. The purpose of the study: The purpose of the paper is to develop recommendations for the development of Kazakhstan's energy industry at a new stage in the fundamental transformation of the global energy system. Leading approach to researching the problem. The leading methods of researching the problems of the paper include the analysis of theoretical sources, analysis of statistics, and comparison. Analysis of statistical indicators plays a crucial role in the study, since data on the development of Kazakhstan's energy industry can be directly obtained from statistical databases. The results of the study. The paper discusses the essence of the fourth energy transition, its main aspects, explores renewable energy sources, identifies the features and problems of Kazakhstan's energy industry, and develops ways to solve them. Prospects for further research. To implement the modern provisions of the fourth energy transition in Kazakhstan, it is necessary to use a systematic approach. The basic elements of such a transition are the introduction of renewable energy and energy efficiency (the intensification of reducing the energy intensity of goods and services). The materials of the paper are of practical value for the development of Kazakhstan’s energy during the period of fundamental structural transformations of the world energy sector.
Culture and Mentality-Related Specifics of Implementation of the ‘Law on Counteracting Bullying’ in the Environment of Educational Institutions
Authors: BOCHELIUK Vitalii I. , NECHYPORENKO Valentyna V. , POZDNIAKOVA Olena L. , SILIAVINA Yuliia S. , KYRBIATIEV Oleg O.
Published: July 2020

Abstract:

The article sought to analyse the pedagogical instruments capable to bring change in culture and mentality-based perception of bullying among stakeholders of the educational process with the purpose of implementation of the Law ‘On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Counteracting Bullying (Harassment)’ in the environment of educational institutions. This study used theoretical methods: analysis of scientific, pedagogical and regulatory sources in order to distinguish the gaps and areas to study in this particular problem, analysis of domestic and foreign best practices; empirical methods: diagnostic: survey questionnaires; statistical methods: quantitative analysis of the results of the survey questionnaires. The statistical data the authors obtained as a result of a survey of students from four schools prove that the problem of bullying in Ukrainian educational institutions is partially caused by socio-cultural and mental impact factors. Examples of overseas best practices in addressing the problem of bullying prevention in educational institutions, which can be adapted to the realities of Ukrainian educational institutions, include further outlined role-pays: ‘School Anti-Bullying Court’ and ‘Shuttle Diplomacy’ and the ‘Student Support Service’ model. Bullying is, to a large extent, a socio-cultural and mental problem of Ukrainian society, capable of dramatically affecting students’ learning abilities and their socialisation. Pedagogical tools to be used to deal with the above problem might be (a) regular anonymous interviewing of students about cases of violence; (b) teachers' educational work with children and parents on the problem of bullying; (c) involvement of the students in the development of rules of conduct; (d) teachers supervising schoolchildren after school hours; (e) teacher training (professional upgrade) for pedagogical, psychological and legal strategies for bullying prevention among students.
Obligation to Prove Appearer Document Authenticity as Deelneming Claim Exception
Authors: BUDIANTO Agus , SIHOMBING Jonker , KRISSANTI Veronica Dini , JAMIN Silvia , PRAMONO Rudy , PURWANTO Agus
Published: July 2020

Notary is a public official who provides legal services to the public. Notary's Authorities are regulated in Article 16 paragraph (1) of Law Number 2 of 2014 on Amendment to Law Number 30 of 2004 on Position of Notary. Based on data of Directorate of General Criminal Investigation Metro Jaya in 2014 and 2017, the number of Notaries who were placed as suspects and witnesses of criminal acts and falsification were increased. It was because of the absence of obligation to prove appearer document authenticity as contained in Supreme Court Decree Number 702 K/Sip/1973, September 5, 1973. The research was sociological normative by testing the truth of deelneming criminal exception with secondary data, supported by primary data in the form of interviews, using non-random purposive sampling. Theory of lesser evil made Notary is excluded from deelneming claim in Article 55 of Criminal Code on documents falsification, as long as the Public Notary applies 2015 Law and Ethics Code, and ignores Supreme Court Decree Number 702 K/Sip/1973, September 5, 1973. Further, he continues to conduct his duties within a standard operating procedure for himself and related agencies when proving the documents in the form of minutes. Therefore, this exception principle in falsification is given conditionally. It applies to Notary if he can prove that he has conducted an act to prove appearer documents).
Internal and Cross-Border Conflict of Laws Regulation in the United States of America
Authors: CHUMACHENKO Ivan
Published: July 2020

The relevance of the research is due to the development of cross-border economy relations with involvement of the United States residents and the residents of other countries. Such an interest considers the questions about the correct choice of the applicable law in the framework of legal relations with the participation of U.S. residents carried out in the territory or residents of the different countries covered by the jurisdiction of the United States.

The authors objectives under this article is to consider the basic concepts, as well as some features of resolving conflicts arising between the provisions of the U.S. Federal law, the laws of certain U.S. states with the laws of other countries, as well as, in some cases, with international law. In the framework of the study, the author used various methods, in particular, the dialectical method, methods of analysis, synthesis, the formal legal method, the comparative legal method, as well as the method of analyses of legal acts and judicial precedents. The basic method used in the paper is a comparative method. By applying of this method, the author tries to show the differences between US legislation (as the common law system country) and continental (civil) law countries in relation to the resolving of the conflicts of law. By using of the comparative method, the author also tried to show the differences between the English and the U.S. law. The comparative method also compared with the method of analyses by using of this method the author examined the features of conflict resolution in accordance with statutory legislation, judicial precedents, as well as U.S. doctrine sources. The author provides the basic concepts regarding to the law on conflicts, which contain the main approaches to resolving the conflict of various jurisdictions in the United States. As the results of the research, the author concludes that even if there are separate (special) legal acts, judicial cases, as well as doctrine sources that, it would seem, should help overcome conflicts between different legal systems, given the diversity of legal relations, such collisions will arise in the future, which will push lawmakers to further develop issues of U.S. ‘law on conflicts’ or ‘conflict of laws’.
Formation and Development Perspectives of Eurasian Economic Union on the Basis of Equal Relations and Strategic Development of Political Communications
Authors: DZHUMAGALIYEVA Kulyash V. , AUBAKIROVA Khadisha A. , DEMEUOVA Nurgul K.
Published: July 2020

The creation of the Eurasian Economic Union is due to the possibilities to form an integration association in the post-Soviet space. The need to create such an association is determined by the high degree of integration of the culture and social system of most republics. The relevance of the study is the search for prospects for the development of the union in the political context based on the requirements of only the economic nature of integration declared during its creation. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that the analysis of the possibilities of political development of alliance formation is based on the economic dynamics of the issue. In particular, a forecast of the political development of the EAEU is given according to three scenarios, which are divided depending on the chosen degree of integration with the international economic system. The article determines that political development in connection with a correlation with economic development can be predicted for each member of the EAEU individually. The authors of the article reveal the possible paths of political development for the founding countries. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that economic development is an effective limiter for forming of any alliance formation. The authors propose to consider aspects of the formation of the general representation in the future in the EAEU bodies on the basis of the poetic consensus.
Information on Corona Virus Disease-19: Between the Public’s Right and State’s Interests
Authors: HAMZAH Hamzah , YUSDIANTO Yusdianto
Published: July 2020

This study aims to describe the Public Rights and State Interests in managing information related to the Covid-19 outbreak filling public space. Civil society, cross-sectoral experts, the Government contributed opinions and information regarding the handling and response of Covid-19. Central to this public discourse is whether information about Covid-19 is public information as referred to in the provisions of Law No. 14 of 2008 concerning Public Information Openness (UU KIP). Or does it include information that is excluded on the grounds that there are a state's interests that are far more important than public information. This research is designed to be qualitative for this purpose and uses normative legal research methods. First research results, Covid-19 is a problem that involves many human lives. This dangerous and deadly virus outbreak threatens millions of people throughout the world. Therefore, the handling of Covid-19 concerns the interests or obligations of the state more precisely to protect its citizens. Second, the handling of Covid-19 requires the participation of all Indonesian people. Indonesia has a number of legal bases for implementing policies to address Covid-19. The management of information and the handling policies of Covid-19 are in the domain of state authority. All citizens must obey the Government's call and medical action to overcome Covid-19. Third, the experience of China which is a communist country turned out to be able to quickly overcome the Covid-19 outbreak. The obedience of its people and the unity of all elements and strengths that exist in the Chinese Government and medical personnel gave birth to a happy story free from Covid-19.
The Investigation of Peculiarities of the Occurrence of Subjective Civil Rights in Registration of a Patent
Authors: IASECHKO Svitlana , PUZYRNYI Viacheslav , PUZУRNA Natalia , KOSTIUK Nataliia , BAKHNOVSKA Iryna , LITVINOVA Iryna
Published: July 2020

The main aspects of the impact of patents on technological and social development have been highlighted, and it has been suggested to adapt a powerful world experience in this field. The key aspects of the innovation process and the protection of the results of scientific and technical action with the help of patents, and the peculiarities of the occurrence of subjective civil rights are considered. The authors of the paper analyze the current legislative provisions and determine the direction of its development in the context of globalization. The article explores the theoretical construct of these relations and provides an analysis of civil legislation as applied to industry standards of economic legislation. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that the application of the developed provisions will facilitate the harmonization of national legislations in the formation of legal systems. The aim of the article is to supplement and clarify the ideas about patent and of subjective civil rights. The factors that influenced the development of the doctrine civil rights have been considered, in particular, taking into account the experience of European countries.
Legal Analysis of Attempt on the Life of Internal Affairs Officer as the Body of Criminal Offence
Authors: ISSABAYEV Chingiz A. , YESKENDIROV Aidos A. , SHAYAKHMETOVA Zhanna B. , BEGALIYEV Bakhytbek A. , KHAMMETOVA Zhanargul A.
Published: July 2020

Disorganized crime impact on the society is provided by criminal pressure on law enforcement officials – from engagement in criminal networks, bribery, blackmail to their liquidation. Social danger of the offences studied is that it threatens the life of internal affairs officer to prevent him from professional duties for the law enforcement, intentionally destabilizes normal operation of public authorities, and undermines their authority in the public’s mind. The purpose of the article was to analyze the types and motives of attempts on an employee of internal affairs bodies from a legal point of view. To achieve the purpose, the opinions of other researchers who studied this problem were examined, as well as legal documents regulating crimes committed against employees of internal affairs bodies. It was noted inconsistencies in the evaluation of sanction measures against perpetrators responsible for offences provided for by p. 2, part 2, article 99 and part 1, article 380-1 of the Criminal Code of Kazakhstan. It was concluded that the strengthening of criminal liability will significantly affect the status of crime situation, enhance the government authority and strengthen overall prevention in the country.
Public-Private Partnership in the Healthcare and Pharmaceutical Sectors of Kazakhstan: Problems and Solutions
Authors: ISSATAYEVA Nurlyaiim T. , DATKHAYEV Ubaidilla M. , ZHAKIPBEKOV Kairat S. , SERIKBAYEVA Elmira A. , UMIRZAKHOVA Galiya Zh.
Published: July 2020

Public-private partnership is one of the main ways to solve the social problems of modern states. In Kazakhstan, the main strategic direction of the development of the healthcare system is the modernization of existing medical organizations and the construction of new healthcare facilities. The purpose of the paper was to investigate the theory and practice of public-private partnership (PPP) in the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, to identify the main issues and find their solutions. The leading research method was the analysis and synthesis method, which enabled the characterization of attributes and principles of PPPs, allowed to classify, and consider the most striking examples. Considering the differences between PPP contracts, we addressed not only the functions and content of such contracts, but also the terms, and the risks involved. The advantages for each of the interested parties in PPP were analyzed: private sector, public sector, consumers. The analysis of the current state of PPPs in the field of interest in Kazakhstan was performed. The generalization of world experience and the analysis of best practices allowed to develop action-oriented proposals for the further development of PPPs in Kazakhstan’s healthcare, including those that concern attraction of foreign companies with regard to the issue of concessions in the field of medical and pharmaceutical infrastructure.
On the Specifics of Studying Organized Crime at the Present Stage
Authors: KOILYBAYEV Medet T. , DILBARKHANOVA Zhanat R.
Published: July 2020

This article studies the key aspects of combating organized crime at the present stage. Based on the analysis conducted, the authors describe organized crime as a complex, criminally legal and social phenomenon. They provide their understanding of organized crime, its causes and conditions, as well as indicate possible social consequences. Within the context of the article, the authors prove the difficulty of counteracting the phenomenon and emphasize its social danger since it undermines the foundations for the well-being of the Kazakh society. The scale and growth rate of organized crime in recent decades has turned it into one of the main factors hindering the country's economic and social development, causing civil mistrust in the law enforcement system and government bodies at all levels; therefore, citizens of Kazakhstan are anxious about their life and well-being. The article provides suggestions on studying modern organized crime based on both the international and Kazakh experience. From the perspective of general science, this article conducts studies in the field of criminology and criminal law and contributes to the methodological enrichment of the phenomenon of organized crime in theoretical and practical aspects. This approach helps better understand this phenomenon, determine its typical features and develop and apply countermeasures. At the same time, the authors do not claim a monopoly of absolute truth but rather attempt to study organized crime from a new perspective, which allows dwelling on the essence of this social phenomenon.
Commercial Activity of Agricultural Producers
Authors: KULIKOV I.M. , MINAKOV I.A.
Published: July 2020

The article considers the existing sales system of agricultural products, which does not allow bringing the manufactured products to the consumer promptly and without losses, as well as reveals the features of agricultural production that affect commercial activity, such as dependence of production output on natural and climatic conditions, guaranteed demand, the uneven supply of products to the market, perishable and poorly transportable products, and the concentration of demand in large cities. It is established that the main suppliers of many types of products to the domestic market are agricultural organizations. This is explained by their large production output and a high level of product marketability. The main channel for selling agricultural products is processing enterprises and wholesale trade. It accounts for 77.0% (by wool) to 98.0% (by sugar beet). The sale prices of products vary by distribution channels; this stipulates the different levels of sales profitability. Export is one of the product sales channels; however, it leads to a reduction in the supply of products in the domestic market. The article substantiates the areas for improvement of commercial activity, which include the use of marketing, increasing the competitiveness of products based on improving their quality, creating consumer marketing cooperatives and agro-industrial establishments that combine production, storage, processing, and sale into a single process, participating in fairs, state and regional tenders, using Internet resources, organizing a system of wholesale food markets and logistics centers.
Influence of Innovative Economic Model on the Development of Cattle Breeding in Kazakhstan
Authors: MADENOVA Kulshara M. , SHULENBAYEVA Faya A. , BAUER Maira Sh. , AGUMBAYEVA Assiya Ye. , SAGINOVA Balym K.
Published: July 2020

Meet stockbreeding makes it possible to achieve significant progress in providing food to the country as a whole and thus ensure security and reduce dependence on imports of certain types of products. In Kazakhstan, this traditionally refers to the preservation of meat stock and, as a consequence, to the consumption of meat as the main type of carbohydrate and protein. The relevance of the study is in the formation of a sustainable system that would be the basis for a long-term temporary supply of meat products. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that the formation of a sustainable economic model that allows for the increase in the number of meat breeds is based on the ability to ensure the growth of the feed base and reduce the share of imported feed. The authors determine the possibility of using the developed model for growing feed for meat stocks for the period of standard planning in economic development. The model is based on the prediction of cost-effective feed. The authors define wheat as a reference culture. The practical significance of the study is determined by the structure and share of imports in the preparation of the feed base and the possibilities of restricting the supply of feed and ready-made food additives as the basis for ensuring food security in the country.
Cloud Computing Economic Impact Modelling Using General Equilibrium Models
Authors: POPÎRLAN Cristina , POPÎRLAN Claudiu-Ionuț , STOIAN Gabriel
Published: July 2020

This study offers a general view over Cloud computing in Europe and an evaluation of the probable impact cost-wise and its benefits. We also give a model to analyze the cost and gain based on a vast analysis of specialty literature, data sets and available statistics. The main scope is to evaluate the cloud computing market, including micro and macro-economic analysis as well as the impact it has over the European Union’s environment. Various economic sectors are inspected in order to establish the average benefits and costs that involve embracing Cloud computing.
The Role of Trade Unions as a Subject of Social Partnership in the Settlement of Labor Disputes
Authors: RAKHIMOVA Asem M. , KAISHATAEVA Asel K.
Published: July 2020

The most important actor of the system of social partnership are trade unions, which often act as democratic institutions of society. The aim of the study is to determine the role of trade unions as a participant in social partnership in the system of settlement of labor disputes in Kazakhstan, using the experience of foreign countries as an example, creating a mechanism for social protection of workers in the form of a balanced system of state and market regulators and strengthening the role of trade unions in the occupational safety management system. The following methods were used as methods of scientific research: analysis of literary sources, the study of regulatory legal acts, special legal, comparative legal. The author focuses on the problems faced by employees in resolving labor disputes. The labor legislation of Kazakhstan regulates the procedure for issuing acts of an employer, preparing a draft collective agreement, the procedure for resolving labor disputes, etc. All this should be conducted taking into account the opinion or in agreement with the representatives of employers, but today, as practice shows, all these procedures take place without proper coordination, especially in commercial enterprises with a non-state form of ownership. According to the author, the regulation of labor disputes is just the direction where there is close interaction between trade unions and the state is a clear manifestation of social partnership.