bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RNA disruption is a widespread phenomenon associated with stress-induced cell death in tumour cells
Authors: Butler Phillipe , Pascheto Isabella , Lizzi Michayla , St-Onge Renée , Lanner Carita , Guo Baoqing , Masilamani Twinkle , Pritzker Laura B. , Kovala A. Thomas , Parissenti Amadeo M.
Published: January 2023

We have previously shown that neoadjuvant chemotherapy can induce the degradation of tumour ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in patients with advanced breast cancer, a phenomenon we termed “RNA disruption”. Extensive tumour RNA disruption during chemotherapy was associated with a post-treatment pathological complete response and improved disease-free survival. The RNA disruption assay (RDA), which quantifies this phenomenon, is now being evaluated for its clinical utility in a large multinational clinical trial. However, it remains unclear if RNA disruption (i) is manifested across many tumour and non-tumour cell types, (ii) can occur in response to cell stress, and (iii) is associated with tumour cell death. In this study, we show that RNA disruption is induced by several mechanistically distinct chemotherapy agents and report that this phenomenon is observed in response to oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, protein translation inhibition and nutrient/growth factor limitation. We further show that RNA disruption is dose- and time-dependent, and occurs in both tumourigenic and non-tumourigenic cell types. Northern blotting experiments suggest that the rRNA fragments generated during RNA disruption stem (at least in part) from the 28S rRNA. Moreover, we demonstrate that RNA disruption is reproducibly associated with three robust biomarkers of cell death: strongly reduced cell numbers, lost cell replicative capacity, and the generation of cells with a subG1 DNA content. Thus, our findings indicate that RNA disruption is a widespread phenomenon exhibited in mammalian cells under stress, and that high RNA disruption is associated with the onset of cell death.
Androgen receptor-dependent regulation of metabolism in high grade bladder cancer cells
Authors: Katleba Kimberley D. , Tsamouri Maria-Malvina , Jathal Maitreyee , Baek Han Bit , Armenta Rebecca B. , Tepper Clifford G. , Cortopassi Gino , Ghosh Paramita M. , Mudryj Maria
Published: January 2023

The observed sex disparity in bladder cancer (BlCa) argues that androgen receptor (AR) signaling has a role in these malignancies. BlCas express full-length AR (FL-AR), constitutively active AR splice variants, including AR-v19, or both, and their depletion limits BlCa viability. However, the mechanistic basis of AR-dependence is unknown. Here, we depleted FL-AR, AR-v19, or all AR forms (T-AR), and performed RNA-seq studies to uncover that different AR forms govern distinct but partially overlapping transcriptional programs. Overlapping alterations include a decrease in mTOR and an increase of hypoxia regulated transcripts accompanied by a decline in oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Queries of BlCa databases revealed a significant negative correlation between AR expression and multiple hypoxia-associated transcripts arguing that this regulatory mechanism is a feature of high-grade malignancies. Our analysis of a 1600-compound library identified niclosamide as a strong ATPase inhibitor that reduces OCR in BlCa cells, decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose and time dependent manner. These results suggest that BlCa cells hijack AR signaling to enhance metabolic activity, promoting cell proliferation and survival; hence targeting this AR downstream vulnerability presents an attractive strategy to limit BlCa.
Effect of anthocyanins on gut health markers, Firmicutes-Bacteroidetes ratio and short-chain fatty acids: a systematic review via meta-analysis
Authors: Kapoor Payal , Tiwari Apoorv , Sharma Saloni , Tiwari Vandita , Sheoran Bhawna , Ali Usman , Garg Monika
Published: January 2023

Researchers discovered that diets rich in anthocyanin-rich fruits and vegetables significantly impacted gut flora. To conclude, large-scale randomized controlled clinical trials are challenging to conduct; therefore, merging data from multiple small studies may aid. A systematic review collects and analyses all research on a particular subject and design. This comprehensive review and meta-analysis examined the influence of dietary anthocyanins on Firmicutes/Bacteroide (Fir/Bac) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content. The current meta-analysis followed the guidelines of PRISMA—the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Diets high in anthocyanins substantially reduced the Fir/Bac ratio in the assessed trials. Among three SCFAs, the highest impact was observed on acetic acid, followed by propionic acid, and then butanoic acid. The meta-analysis results also obtained sufficient heterogeneity, as indicated by I2 values. There is strong evidence that anthocyanin supplementation improves rodent gut health biomarkers (Fir/Bac and SCFAs), reducing obesity-induced gut dysbiosis, as revealed in this systematic review/meta-analysis. Anthocyanin intervention duration and dosage significantly influenced the Fir/Bac ratio and SCFA. Anthocyanin-rich diets were more effective when consumed over an extended period and at a high dosage.
Sociodemographic predictors of flourishing among older adults in rural and urban Mongolia
Authors: Otgon Saranchuluun , Myagmarjav Sugarmaa , Burnette Denise , Lkhagvasuren Khorolsuren , Casati Fabio
Published: January 2023

Flourishing is an eudaimonic dimension of psychological well-being associated with positive social and health outcomes. Determining correlates of health and well-being is critical for the development of evidence-based best practices, policies, and action plans that target older adults, especially in low- and middle-income countries where research on ageing, health and well-being is still scarce. The study aimed to determine the level of flourishing among older adults in Mongolia and to explore demographic and social factors that contribute to their flourishing in urban and rural areas of Mongolia. We used proportional quota sampling to select a non-probability sample of 304 community-dwelling older adults that reflected the national distribution of older age groups and rural/urban residency. We adapted and administered a widely used standardized questionnaire on flourishing and used multiple regression to establish correlates of flourishing. Study participants reported “very high” levels of flourishing; differences in median scores 53 for urban and 50 for rural older adults were significant. Sex ($$\beta =-\,2.09$$

β
=
-

2.09

, $$p=0.080$$

p
=
0.080

), level of education($$\beta =0.98$$

β
=
0.98

, $$p=0.009$$

p
=
0.009

) and receive help with ADLs ($$\beta =-\,2.29$$

β
=
-

2.29

, $$p=0.013$$

p
=
0.013

) were associated with flourishing in rural areas, as were self-rated health ($$\beta =1.14$$

β
=
1.14

, $$p=0.028$$

p
=
0.028

), number of social activities ($$\beta =0.050$$

β
=
0.050

, $$p=0.019$$

p
=
0.019

),and friends network ($$\beta =0.22$$

β
=
0.22

, $$p=0.035$$

p
=
0.035

) in urban areas. Despite facing many challenges to well-being, older adults in Mongolia reported high levels of flourishing. Those in urban areas had higher scores than those in rural areas and predictors of flourishing differed for these groups.
Behavior of medial gastrocnemius muscle beneath kinesio taping during isometric contraction and badminton lunge performance after fatigue induction
Authors: Vo Minh Hoang-Thuc , Lin Chien-Ju , Chieh Hsiao-Feng , Kuo Li-Chieh , An Kai-Nan , Wang Yu-Lin , Su Fong-Chin
Published: January 2023

Kinesio taping (KT) is widely used in sports for performance improvement and injury prevention. However, little is known of the behavior of the muscle region beneath the KT with movement, particularly when the muscle is fatigued. Accordingly, this study investigated the changes in the medial gastrocnemius muscle architecture and fascia thickness when using KT during maximum isometric plantar flexion (MVIC) and badminton lunges following heel rise exercises performed to exhaustion. Eleven healthy collegiate badminton players (4 males and 7 females) were recruited. All of the participants performed two tasks (MVIC and badminton lunge) with a randomized sequence of no taping, KT and sham taping and repeated following exhaustive repetitive heel rise exercise. In the MVIC task, the fascia thickness with the medial gastrocnemius muscle at rest significantly decreased following fatigue induction both without taping and with KT and sham taping (p = 0.036, p = 0.028 and p = 0.025, respectively). In the lunge task, the fascia thickness reduced after fatigue induction in the no taping and sham taping trials; however, no significant change in the fascia thickness occurred in the KT trials. Overall, the results indicate that KT provides a better effect during dynamic movement than in isometric contraction.
Induction of psoriasis- and atopic dermatitis-like phenotypes in 3D skin equivalents with a fibroblast-derived matrix
Authors: Morgner Bianka , Tittelbach Jörg , Wiegand Cornelia
Published: January 2023

Skin homeostasis is a complex regulated process relying on the crosstalk of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and immune cells. Imbalances of T-cell subsets and the cytokine environment can lead to inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis (Ps) and atopic dermatitis (AD). Modern tissue engineering provides several in vitro models mimicking Ps and AD phenotypes. However, these models are either limited in their pathological features, life span, sample availability, reproducibility, controlled handling or simplicity. Some models further lack intensive characterization as they solely focus on differentiation and proliferation aspects. This study introduces a self-assembly model in which the pathological T-cell-signalling of Ps and AD was simulated by subcutaneous Th1 and Th2 cytokine stimulation. The self-established dermal fibroblast-derived matrices of these models were hypothesized to be beneficial for proximal cytokine signalling on epidermal keratinocytes. Comprehensive histological and mRNA analyses of the diseased skin models showed a weakened barrier, distinct differentiation defects, reduced cellular adhesion, inflammation and parakeratosis formation. A keratin shift of declining physiological cytokeratin-10 (CK10) towards increasing inflammatory CK16 was observed upon Th1 or Th2 stimulation. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were upregulated in Ps and downregulated in AD models. The AD biomarker genes CA2, NELL2 and CCL26 were further induced in AD. While Ps samples featured basal hyperproliferation, cells in AD models displayed apoptotic signs. In accordance, these well-controllable three-dimensional in vitro models exhibited Ps and AD-like phenotypes with a high potential for disease research and therapeutic drug testing.
Association of KIR2DL5, KIR2DS5, and KIR2DS1 allelic variation and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Margolis David J. , Mitra Nandita , Hoffstad Ole J. , Berna Ronald , Kim Brian S. , Chopra Abha , Phillips Elizabeth J.
Published: January 2023

Natural killer cells (NK) have been associated with the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD). NK function is regulated by killer cell Ig-like receptor family (KIR) receptors that interact with HLA ligands. The study goal was to focus on allelic variation in genes KIR2DL5, KIR2DS5, and KIR2DS1 with respect to AD. This was a case–control study of individuals with (n = 313) and without (n = 176) AD. Associations were estimated using logistic regression. The prevalence of KIR2DL5 was 52.5% (95% CI 48.0,57.0), KIR2DS5 was 33.0% (28.8,37.3), and KIR2DS1 was 33.6% (29.4,38.0). The presence of the KIR2DL5*001:01 increased the odds of having AD by about 86% (odds ratio (OR): 1.86(1.23,2.82) p = 0.003). The risk for individuals homozygous for KIR2DL5*001:01 was even greater (OR: 2.16 (95% CI 1.31,3.53) p = 0.0023). The odds of having AD with KIR2DL5*001:01 was similar in Whites and Blacks. Allelic variation in KIR2DS5 and KIR2DS1 was not associated with AD. There is no known HLA binding ligand for KIR2DL5. The effect of KIR2DL5*001:01 increased in the presence of HLA-B*-21TT leader sequence (2.46(1.37,4.41) p = 0.0025) and the HLA-C2 ligand (2.07 (1.37,4.41, p = 0.000002). Our study shows an independent association of the KIR2DL5*001:01 with AD and is the first study to associate AD with KIR allelic variation.
Modelling the long-term fairness dynamics of data-driven targeted help on job seekers
Authors: Scher Sebastian , Kopeinik Simone , Trügler Andreas , Kowald Dominik
Published: January 2023

The use of data-driven decision support by public agencies is becoming more widespread and already influences the allocation of public resources. This raises ethical concerns, as it has adversely affected minorities and historically discriminated groups. In this paper, we use an approach that combines statistics and data-driven approaches with dynamical modeling to assess long-term fairness effects of labor market interventions. Specifically, we develop and use a model to investigate the impact of decisions caused by a public employment authority that selectively supports job-seekers through targeted help. The selection of who receives what help is based on a data-driven intervention model that estimates an individual’s chances of finding a job in a timely manner and rests upon data that describes a population in which skills relevant to the labor market are unevenly distributed between two groups (e.g., males and females). The intervention model has incomplete access to the individual’s actual skills and can augment this with knowledge of the individual’s group affiliation, thus using a protected attribute to increase predictive accuracy. We assess this intervention model’s dynamics—especially fairness-related issues and trade-offs between different fairness goals- over time and compare it to an intervention model that does not use group affiliation as a predictive feature. We conclude that in order to quantify the trade-off correctly and to assess the long-term fairness effects of such a system in the real-world, careful modeling of the surrounding labor market is indispensable.
Mendelian randomization analyses of associations between breast cancer and bone mineral density
Authors: Wu Hong , Wang Hui , Liu Di , Liu Zhibing , Zhang Weiming
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to verify whether there is a causal relationship between breast cancer and bone mineral density (BMD). Summary statistics for exposures and outcomes were obtained from corresponding genome-wide association studies. The bidirectional and multivariate mediated Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed. In the bidirectional MR analysis, breast cancer might reduce the BMD of the heel (HE-BMD) (FDR = 1.51 × 10−4) as might its ER+ subtype (FDR = 1.51 × 10−4). From BMD to breast cancer, no significant association was found (FDR > 0.05). The mediating MR analysis showed that Higher free testosterone (FT) only mediated the causal relationship between breast cancer and HE-BMD by 2.9%; both ER+ type and FT were independent factors of HE-BMD (ER+: P = 0.021; FT: P = 6.88 × 10−6). Higher FT could increase the risk of breast cancer (FDR = 1.21 × 10−3) as could total testosterone (TT) (FDR = 5.81 × 10−3). Similarly, higher FT could increase the risk of ER+ subtype (FDR = 2.51 × 10−6) as could TT (FDR = 5.55 × 10−4). These results indicate that BMD is not a risk factor for breast cancer but breast cancer and its ER+ subtype are risk factors for BMD loss. Furthermore, higher FT and TT levels are associated with both an increased incidence of breast cancer and increased bone density.
Functional profiles of curatively treated adenoid cystic carcinoma unveil prognostic features and potentially targetable pathways
Authors: Romani Chiara , Lorini Luigi , Bozzola Anna , Bignotti Eliana , Tomasoni Michele , Ardighieri Laura , Bugatti Mattia , Battocchio Simonetta , Ravaggi Antonella , Tomasini Davide , Ravanelli Marco , Gurizzan Cristina , Lombardi Davide , Mattavelli Davide , Calza Stefano , Piazza Cesare , Bossi Paolo
Published: January 2023

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary gland is a slowly growing tumor showing a propensity for delayed recurrence, with decreased survival rates. The identification of poor prognosis patients may help in defining molecular-based targeted strategies in this rare disease orphan of new treatments. Through a gene expression microarray-based approach followed by GSE functional analysis the expression profile of 46 primary untreated ACC samples and of ACC (h-TERT) tumor cells was analyzed. Patients who experienced early relapse showed enrichment in proliferation-related gene sets, including the G2-M checkpoint, E2F and myc targets, and in gene sets related to IFN signaling and aberrant proteostasis (FDR < 0.1), indicating increased mitotic and transcriptional activity in aggressive ACC. Similar functions were enriched in ACC samples classified by immunohistochemical staining as p63-negative, which exhibited increased protein burden and activation of pro-survival stress response pathways compared to p63-positive tumors. Compared to ACC tissues, ACC (h-TERT) cells share transcriptional features of aggressive p63-negative tumors. These data suggest association of specific pathway alterations with histopathological features of ACC, as recapitulated by p63 testing in patient prognostic stratification, anticipating new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
An objective absence data sampling method for landslide susceptibility mapping
Authors: Rabby Yasin Wahid , Li Yingkui , Hilafu Haileab
Published: January 2023

The accuracy and quality of the landslide susceptibility map depend on the available landslide locations and the sampling strategy for absence data (non-landslide locations). In this study, we propose an objective method to determine the critical value for sampling absence data based on Mahalanobis distances (MD). We demonstrate this method on landslide susceptibility mapping of three subdistricts (Upazilas) of the Rangamati district, Bangladesh, and compare the results with the landslide susceptibility map produced based on the slope-based absence data sampling method. Using the 15 landslide causal factors, including slope, aspect, and plan curvature, we first determine the critical value of 23.69 based on the Chi-square distribution with 14 degrees of freedom. This critical value was then used to determine the sampling space for 261 random absence data. In comparison, we chose another set of the absence data based on a slope threshold of < 3°. The landslide susceptibility maps were then generated using the random forest model. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and the Kappa index were used for accuracy assessment, while the Seed Cell Area Index (SCAI) was used for consistency assessment. The landslide susceptibility map produced using our proposed method has relatively high model fitting (0.87), prediction (0.85), and Kappa values (0.77). Even though the landslide susceptibility map produced by the slope-based sampling also has relatively high accuracy, the SCAI values suggest lower consistency. Furthermore, slope-based sampling is highly subjective; therefore, we recommend using MD -based absence data sampling for landslide susceptibility mapping.
Machine learning assisted hepta band THz metamaterial absorber for biomedical applications
Authors: Jain Prince , Chhabra Himanshu , Chauhan Urvashi , Prakash Krishna , Gupta Akash , Soliman Mohamed S. , Islam Md. Shabiul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul
Published: January 2023

A hepta-band terahertz metamaterial absorber (MMA) with modified dual T-shaped resonators deposited on polyimide is presented for sensing applications. The proposed polarization sensitive MMA is ultra-thin (0.061 λ) and compact (0.21 λ) at its lowest operational frequency, with multiple absorption peaks at 1.89, 4.15, 5.32, 5.84, 7.04, 8.02, and 8.13 THz. The impedance matching theory and electric field distribution are investigated to understand the physical mechanism of hepta-band absorption. The sensing functionality is evaluated using a surrounding medium with a refractive index between 1 and 1.1, resulting in good Quality factor (Q) value of 117. The proposed sensor has the highest sensitivity of 4.72 THz/RIU for glucose detection. Extreme randomized tree (ERT) model is utilized to predict absorptivities for intermediate frequencies with unit cell dimensions, substrate thickness, angle variation, and refractive index values to reduce simulation time. The effectiveness of the ERT model in predicting absorption values is evaluated using the Adjusted R2 score, which is close to 1.0 for nmin = 2, demonstrating the prediction efficiency in various test cases. The experimental results show that 60% of simulation time and resources can be saved by simulating absorber design using the ERT model. The proposed MMA sensor with an ERT model has potential applications in biomedical fields such as bacterial infections, malaria, and other diseases.
Artificial lighting affects the landscape of fear in a widely distributed shorebird
Authors: Jolkkonen Juho , Gaston Kevin J. , Troscianko Jolyon
Published: January 2023

Fear influences almost all aspects of a prey species’ behaviour, such as its foraging and movement, and has the potential to cause trophic cascades. The superior low-light vision of many predators means that perceived predation risk in prey is likely to be affected by light levels. The widespread and increasing intensity of artificial light at night is therefore likely to interfere with this nocturnal visual arms race with unknown behavioural and ecological consequences. Here we test how the fear of predation perceived by wintering Eurasian curlew foraging on tidal flats is influenced by lighting. We quantified flight initiation distance (FID) of individuals under varying levels of natural and artificial illumination. Our results demonstrate that FID is significantly and substantially reduced at low light levels and increases under higher intensity illumination, with artificial light sources having a greater influence than natural sources. Contrary to the sensory-limitation hypothesis, the curlews’ unwillingness to take flight in low-light appears to reflect the risks posed by low-light flight, and a desire to remain on valuable foraging grounds. These findings demonstrate how artificial light can shape the landscape of fear, and how this interacts with optimal foraging decisions, and the costs of taking flight.
Robust and adjustable dynamic scattering compensation for high-precision deep tissue optogenetics
Authors: Li Zhenghan , Zheng Yameng , Diao Xintong , Li Rongrong , Sun Ning , Xu Yongxian , Li Xiaoming , Duan Shumin , Gong Wei , Si Ke
Published: January 2023

The development of high-precision optogenetics in deep tissue is limited due to the strong optical scattering induced by biological tissue. Although various wavefront shaping techniques have been developed to compensate the scattering, it is still a challenge to non-invasively characterize the dynamic scattered optical wavefront inside the living tissue. Here, we present a non-invasive scattering compensation system with fast multidither coherent optical adaptive technique (fCOAT), which allows the rapid wavefront correction and stable focusing in dynamic scattering medium. We achieve subcellular-resolution focusing through 500-μm-thickness brain slices, or even three pieces overlapped mouse skulls after just one iteration with a 589 nm CW laser. Further, focusing through dynamic scattering medium such as live rat ear is also successfully achieved. The formed focus can maintain longer than 60 s, which satisfies the requirements of stable optogenetics manipulation. Moreover, the focus size is adjustable from subcellular level to tens of microns to freely match the various manipulation targets. With the specially designed fCOAT system, we successfully achieve single-cellular optogenetic manipulation through the brain tissue, with a stimulation efficiency enhancement up to 300% compared with that of the speckle.
Electrically stimulated optical spectroscopy of interface defects in wide-bandgap field-effect transistors
Authors: Feil Maximilian W. , Reisinger Hans , Kabakow André , Aichinger Thomas , Schleich Christian , Vasilev Aleksandr , Waldhör Dominic , Waltl Michael , Gustin Wolfgang , Grasser Tibor
Published: January 2023

Wide-bandgap semiconductors such as silicon carbide, gallium nitride, and diamond are inherently suitable for high power electronics for example in renewable energy applications and electric vehicles. Despite the high interest, the theoretical limit regarding device performance has not yet been reached for these materials. This is often due to charge trapping in defects at the semiconductor-insulator interface. Here we report a one-to-one correlation between electrically stimulated photon emission and the threshold voltage shift obtained from a fully processed commercial 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect power transistor. Based on this observation, we demonstrate that the emission spectrum contains valuable information on the energetic position of the charge transition levels of the responsible interface defects. We etch back the transistor from the reverse side in order to obtain optical access to the interface and record the emitted light. Our method opens up point defect characterization in fully processed transistors after device passivation and processing. This will lead to better understanding and improved processes and techniques, which will ultimately push the performance of these devices closer to the theoretical limit.
Machine-learning assisted multiplex detection of catecholamine neurotransmitters with a colorimetric sensor array
Authors: Hassani-Marand M. , Fahimi-Kashani N. , Hormozi-Nezhad M. R.
Published: January 2023

A high-performance colorimetric artificial tongue has been proposed for the multiplex detection of catecholamine neurotransmitters based on different aggregation patterns of AuNPs.
STS loaded PCL-MECM based hydrogel hybrid scaffolds promote meniscal regeneration via modulating macrophage phenotype polarization
Authors: Li Muzhe , Yin Han , Chen Mingxue , Deng Haotian , Tian Guangzhao , Guo Weimin , Yi Guoliang , Guo Quanyi , Chen Zhiwei , Liu Shuyun
Published: January 2023

STS loaded PCL-MECM based hydrogel hybrid scaffold seeded with MFCs could achieve good meniscus regeneration and chondroprotective effects in the rabbit.
Reactivity of tetrel functionalized heptapnictogen clusters towards heteroallenes
Authors: Jobbins William D. , van IJzendoorn Bono , Vitorica-Yrezabal Inigo J. , Whitehead George F. S. , Mehta Meera
Published: January 2023

Isocyanates and carbon dioxide capture between the tetrel-pnictogen bonds of functionalized [P7] cages is investigated by NMR and IR spectroscopy, signal crystal X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory.
Phosphorus-modified cobalt single-atom catalysts loaded on crosslinked carbon nanosheets for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Huang Yucong , Hu Zhiyun , Huang Liang-ai , Wang Zongpeng , Lin Zhiping , Shen Shijie , Zhong Wenwu , Pan Jiaqi
Published: January 2023

A phosphorus-modified cobalt single atom catalyst supported on crosslinked carbon nanosheets was developed, which showed a superb catalytic activity for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.
A novel hierarchical book-like structured sodium manganite for high-stable sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Yue , Wang Hang , Tang Yakun , Huang Yudai , Jia Dianzeng
Published: January 2023

A P2-Na0.7MnO2.05 cathode with hierarchical book-like morphology combining exposed (100) active crystal facets is prepared. Owing to the superiority of its unique structure, the electrode delivers excellent rate performance and cycling stability.
Rapid microwave-assisted synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as fluorescent nanosensors for the spectrofluorimetric determination of palbociclib: application for cellular imaging and selective probing in living cancer cells
Authors: Magdy Galal , Belal Fathalla , Elmansi Heba
Published: January 2023

The current study introduces a spectrofluorimetric method for the estimation of palbociclib depending on a novel fluorescent carbon quantum dots-based nanosensor without the need for any pre-derivatization steps for the first time.
Synthesis of WO3@WS2 core–shell nanostructures via solution-based sulfurization for improved performance of water splitting
Authors: Lai Jianming , Wang Bingjie , Gong Yuedong , Sun Chenwei , Wang Weilin , Yang Weiguang
Published: January 2023

High light absorption capacity and excellent charge transportation are significant for superior water-splitting performance.
Efficient analyses of triazole fungicides in water, honey and soy milk samples by popping candy-generated CO2 and sugaring-out-assisted supramolecular solvent-based microextraction prior to HPLC determinations
Authors: Jaroensan Jedsada , Khiaophong Wannipha , Kachangoon Rawikan , Vichapong Jitlada
Published: January 2023

Schematic diagram of the popping candy-generated CO2 and sugaring-out-assisted supramolecular solvent-based microextraction (PGS-SUPRA) method prior to HPLC analysis.
Adsorption of heavy metal onto biomass-derived activated carbon: review
Authors: Wang Baoying , Lan Jingming , Bo Chunmiao , Gong Bolin , Ou Junjie
Published: January 2023

Physical and chemical properties of carbon are discussed. The keys factors for heavy metal removal are reviewed. Biomass is a suitable material for preparing activated carbon to remove heavy metals.
Enhanced activation of persulfate improves the selective oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by earth-abundant metal oxides embedded on porous N-doped carbon derived from chitosan
Authors: Oliveira Rafael L. , Pisarek Marcin , Ledwa Karolina A. , Pasternak Grzegorz , Kepinski Leszek
Published: January 2023

Metal clusters oxide were embedded in an N-doped carbon and used as catalysts for the activation of peroxydisulfate or peroxymonosulfate in the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Quenching tests were done to investigate the reaction mechanism.
Highly efficient Förster resonance energy transfer between an emissive tetraphenylethylene-based metal–organic cage and the encapsulated dye guest
Authors: Li Danyang , Liu Xin , Yang Linlin , Li Hechuan , Guo Guoxu , Li Xuezhao , He Cheng
Published: January 2023

Highly efficient Förster resonance energy transfer was realized between an emissive metal–organic cage and encapsulated dyes through the close space distance forced by host–guest interaction.
Photoredox-catalyzed trifluoromethylation of 2H-indazoles using TT-CF3+OTf− in ionic liquids
Authors: He Xin , Chen Zhicheng , Zhu Xianghui , Liu Hao , Chen Yanjie , Sun Zhizhong , Chu Wenyi
Published: January 2023

A metal and oxidant free photoredox catalytic protocol for trifluoromethylation of indazole compounds was developed by using TT-CF3+OTf− as the trifluoromethylation reagent and ionic liquids as solvents.
Back to the future: asymmetrical DπA 2,2′-bipyridine ligands for homoleptic copper(i)-based dyes in dye-sensitised solar cells
Authors: Risi Guglielmo , Devereux Mike , Prescimone Alessandro , Housecroft Catherine E. , Constable Edwin C.
Published: January 2023

Two homoleptic copper(i) complexes with [Cu(DπA)2]+ design have been studied as sensitisers in DSCs and are superior to the DπA ligands and related heteroleptic complexes as dyes.
Retraction: Metabolomics reveals that PPARα activation protects against lithocholic acid-induced liver injury
Authors: Zhao Qi , Yang Rui , Liu Fang , Wang Jing , Hu Dan-Dan , Yang Xiu-Wei , Li Fei
Published: January 2023

Retraction of ‘Metabolomics reveals that PPARα activation protects against lithocholic acid-induced liver injury’ by Qi Zhao et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 49849–49857, https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA08823J.
Highly active Pd–ZrO2 electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Minelli Simone , Rondinini Sandra , He Xiufang , Vertova Alberto , Lenardi Cristina , Piazzoni Claudio , Locarno Silvia , Minguzzi Alessandro
Published: January 2023

Boosting the hydrogen evolution reaction in an alkaline environment by enhancing the activity of Pd nanoparticles exploiting the unique redox activity of ZrO2.
Electron transport bilayer with cascade energy alignment based on Nb2O5–Ti3C2 MXene/TiO2 for efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Lemos Hugo G. , Rossato Jessica H. H. , Ramos Roberto A. , Lima João V. M. , Affonço Lucas J. , Trofimov Sergei , Michel Jose J. I. , Fernandes Silvia L. , Naydenov Boris , Graeff Carlos F. O.
Published: January 2023

Nb2O5–Ti3C2 exhibits beneficial band-edge alignment, favoring carrier migration with a higher density of extracted charges and increased electron lifetime.
Fault diagnosis of rolling bearings with noise signal based on modified kernel principal component analysis and DC‐ResNet
Authors: Zhao Yunji , Zhou Menglin , Xu Xiaozhuo , Zhang Nannan
Published: January 2023

In view of the influence of aliasing noise on the effectiveness and accuracy of bearing fault diagnosis, a bearing fault diagnosis algorithm based on the spatial decoupling method of modified kernel principal component analysis (MKPCA) and the residual network with deformable convolution (DC‐ResNet) is innovatively proposed. Firstly, the Gaussian noise with different signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) is added to the data to simulate the different degrees of noise in the actual data acquisition process. The MKPCA is used to project the fault signal with different SNRs in the kernel space to reduce the data dimension and eliminate some noise effects. Finally, the DC‐ResNet model is used to further filter the noise effects and fully extract the fault features through the training of the preprocessed data. The proposed algorithm is tested on the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) and Xi'an Jiaotong University and Changxing Sumyoung Technology Co., Ltd. (XJTU‐SY) bearing data sets with different SNR noise. The fault diagnosis accuracy can reach 100% within 30 min, which has better performance than most of the existing methods. The experimental results show that the algorithm has an excellent effect on accuracy and computation complexity under different noise levels.
Gas-phase formation and spectroscopic characterization of the disubstituted cyclopropenylidenes c-C3(C2H)2, c-C3(CN)2, and c-C3(C2H)(CN)
Authors: Flint Athena R. , Watrous Alexandria G. , Westbrook Brent R. , Patel Dev J. , Fortenberry Ryan C.
Published: January 2023

Aims. The detection of c-C3HC2H and possible future detection of c-C3HCN provide new molecules for reaction chemistry in the dense interstellar medium (ISM) where R-C2H and R-CN species are prevalent. Determination of chemically viable c-C3HC2H and c-C3HCN derivatives and their prominent spectral features can accelerate potential astrophysical detection of this chemical family. This work characterizes three such derivatives: c-C3(C2H)2, c-C3(CN)2, and c-C3(C2H)(CN).

Methods. Interstellar reaction pathways of small carbonaceous species are well replicated through quantum chemical means. Highly accurate cc-pVXZ-F12/CCSD(T)-F12 (X = D,T) calculations generate the energetics of chemical formation pathways as well as the basis for quartic force field and second-order vibrational perturbation theory rovibrational analysis of the vibrational frequencies and rotational constants of the molecules under study.

Results. The formation of c-C3(C2H)2 is as thermodynamically and, likely, as stepwise favorable as the formation of c-C3HC2H, rendering its detectability to be mostly dependent on the concentrations of the reactants. Both c-C3(C2H)2 and c-C3(C2H)(CN) will be detectable through radioastronomical observation with large dipole moments of 2.84 D and 4.26 D, respectively, while c-C3(CN)2 has an exceedingly small and likely unobservable dipole moment of 0.08 D. The most intense frequency for c-C3(C2H)2 is v2 at 3316.9 cm–1 (3.01 μm), with an intensity of 140 km mol–1. The mixed-substituent molecule c-C3(C2H)(CN) has one frequency with a large intensity, v1, at 3321.0 cm–1 (3.01 μm), with an intensity of 82 km mol–1. The molecule c-C3(CN)2 lacks intense vibrational frequencies within the range that current instrumentation can readily observe.

Conclusions. Both c-C3(C2H)2 and c-C3(C2H)(CN) are viable candidates for astrophysical observation, with favorable reaction profiles and spectral data produced herein, but c-C3(CN)2 will not be directly observable through any currently available remote sensing means, even if it forms in large abundances.
Red horizontal branch stars: An asteroseismic perspective
Authors: Matteuzzi Massimiliano , Montalbán Josefina , Miglio Andrea , Vrard Mathieu , Casali Giada , Stokholm Amalie , Tailo Marco , Ball Warrick H. , van Rossem Walter E. , Valentini Marica
Published: January 2023

Robust age estimates of red giant stars are now possible thanks to the precise inference of their mass based on asteroseismic constraints. However, there are cases where such age estimates can be highly precise yet very inaccurate. An example is giants that have undergone mass loss or mass transfer events that have significantly altered their mass. In this context, stars with ‘apparent’ ages significantly higher than the age of the Universe are candidates for stripped stars, or stars that have lost more mass than expected, most likely via interactions with a companion star or because of the poorly understood mass-loss mechanism along the red-giant branch. In this work we identify examples of such objects among red giants observed by Kepler, both at low ([Fe/H] ≲ −0.5) and solar metallicity. By modelling their structure and pulsation spectra, we find a consistent picture that confirms that they are indeed low-mass objects consisting of a He core of ≈0.5 M⊙ and an envelope of ≈0.1 − 0.2 M⊙. Moreover, we find that these stars are characterised by a rather extreme coupling (q ≳ 0.4) between the pressure-mode and gravity-mode cavities, one that is much higher than the typical value for red clump stars, thus providing a direct seismic signature of their peculiar structure. The complex pulsation spectra of these objects, if observed with sufficient frequency resolution, hold detailed information about the structural properties of likely products of mass stripping and can hence potentially shed light on their formation mechanism. On the other hand, our tests highlight the difficulties associated with reliably measuring the large frequency separation, especially in shorter datasets, which impacts the reliability of the inferred masses and ages of low-mass red clump stars with, for example, K2 or TESS data.
Titre de la thèse : Prévisibilité des fortes précipitations aux échéances infra-saisonnières sur le Pacifique Sud-Ouest tropical
Authors: Specq Damien
Published: January 2023

Cet article est un condensé de la thèse soutenue par l’auteur le 6 novembre 2020 et récompensée par le prix Gérard Beltrando de l’Association Internationale de Climatologie au titre de l’année 2021. Cette thèse a été préparée au Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (UMR 3589, Météo-France & CNRS) entre 2017 et 2020 sous la direction de Lauriane Batté et Michel Déqué.
Evaluating the Impact of Health Care Data Completeness for Deep Generative Models
Authors: Smith Benjamin , Van Steelandt Senne , Khojandi Anahita
Published: January 2023

Background Deep generative models (DGMs) present a promising avenue for generating realistic, synthetic data to augment existing health care datasets. However, exactly how the completeness of the original dataset affects the quality of the generated synthetic data is unclear.

Objectives In this paper, we investigate the effect of data completeness on samples generated by the most common DGM paradigms.

Methods We create both cross-sectional and panel datasets with varying missingness and subset rates and train generative adversarial networks, variational autoencoders, and autoregressive models (Transformers) on these datasets. We then compare the distributions of generated data with original training data to measure similarity.

Results We find that increased incompleteness is directly correlated with increased dissimilarity between original and generated samples produced through DGMs.

Conclusions Care must be taken when using DGMs to generate synthetic data as data completeness issues can affect the quality of generated data in both panel and cross-sectional datasets.
Sex and ABO Blood Differences in SARS-CoV-2 Infection Susceptibility
Authors: Ergoren Mahmut Cerkez , Akan Gokce , Guler Emrah , Tuncel Gulten , Akovalı Damla , Evren Emine Unal , Evren Hakan , Suer Huseyin Kaya , Sanlidag Tamer
Published: January 2023

Data consisting of millions of cases cannot still explain the immunopathogenesis mechanism between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and host cell for ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemics. Epidemiological studies among different populations suggested different impacts of ABO and Rh antibodies on the COVID-19 susceptibility. Thus, the ABO blood group and the SARS-CoV-2 infection paradox remain unclear. Therefore, the present retrospective case–control study aimed to investigate the possible association between ABO blood groups and Rh blood types on SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Turkish Cypriot population. A total of 18,639 Turkish Cypriot subjects (297 SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 patients and 18,342 healthy) were included in this study. Personal and clinical characteristics including age, gender, SARS-CoV-2 infection status, the ABO blood group and Rh blood types were evaluated and compared between two groups. As a result, ABO blood group was shown to be associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as with male sex (p = 0.018). There was no association between Rh blood type and COVID-19. Overall, this study is the first largest sample group study to show the distribution of ABO blood group and Rh blood types in the healthy Turkish Cypriot population. Based on the current evidence, there are insufficient data to guide public health policies regarding COVID-19 pathogenesis.
Immunophenotypic Profile of Multiple Myeloma: A Tertiary Care Centre Experience
Authors: Rath Asish , Panda Tribikram , Dass Jasmita , Seth Tulika , Mahapatra Manoranjan , Tyagi Seema
Published: January 2023

Background Immunophenotyping and enumeration of plasma cells (PCs) by flow cytometry are deemed to be prognostically significant. However, PCs enumeration by flow cytometry is challenging owing to discrepancy with morphology and PCs loss during sample processing. Enumeration and differentiation of abnormal plasma cells (APCs) and normal plasma cells (NPCs) is difficult because abnormal antigen expression can be seen in subsets of NPCs. This is particularly true when a limited panel of antibodies are relied upon.

Aims and purpose To study the immunophenotypic profile of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) cases by flow cytometry and evaluate the sensitivities and specificities of individual antigens and combinations.

Methods We studied immunophenotype of PCs in newly diagnosed MM cases (n = 48) and control cases (n = 10) by a 6-color, 3-tube flow cytometry panel. The sensitivities and specificities of antigens in MM were evaluated and compared with control cases.

Results Majority of MM cases (n = 43) had < 3% NPCs. CD19 was the most sensitive (100%) and CD81 was the most specific marker (100%) for differentiating APCs from NPCs. CD38 MFI came out as a useful marker for APCs identification. In combination, CD19 and CD81 had a higher sensitivity and specificity to detect APCs.

Conclusion NPCs may show aberrant antigen expression. A combination of multiple markers including CD81 and CD38 MFI should be used for accurate APC detection.
Molecular Mimicry between Respiratory Syncytial Virus F Antigen and the Human Proteome
Authors: Kanduc Darja
Published: January 2023

This study examined respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F glycoprotein (gp) antigen for molecular mimicry with the human proteome. It was found that the viral antigen presents an impressive number of pentapeptides (namely, 525 out of 570) in common with the human proteome, with viral sequences widely and repeatedly distributed among 3,762 human proteins implicated in crucial fundamental cellular functions. The data can have implications for anti-RSV vaccines. Indeed, the high level of molecular mimicry can lead to cross-reactivity and autoimmunity, and invites to follow safer vaccinal protocols based on pentapeptide sequences uniquely present in the viral antigen.
Subsidiary closures and relocations in the multinational enterprise: Reinstating cooperation in subsidiaries to enable knowledge transfer
Authors: Reilly Marty , Tippmann Esther , Sharkey Scott Pamela
Published: January 2023

Subsidiary closures and relocations, a process whereby a multinational enterprise (MNE) closes down a subsidiary and relocates its activities, are commonplace and increasing. Yet we lack an understanding of how knowledge in such situations can be successfully transferred to prevent loss and provide for future knowledge recombination in the MNE. Compared to periods of normal operation, knowledge sharing during subsidiary relocations is likely compromised by diminished sender motivation. In a detailed case study of a subsidiary closure and relocation, we find that the announcement of a subsidiary closure can lead to a break in cooperative behavior that inhibits knowledge transfer. It is therefore critical to reinstate cooperative behavior among subsidiary employees. Reinstatement can be achieved through a set of subsidiary leadership practices that affect the emotions of employees and subsidiary identity. This finding contributes to our understanding of knowledge transfer dynamics in MNEs during subsidiary relocations and closures, extends theory on the practices of subsidiary leadership in subsidiary death and adds to our understanding of identity in MNEs.
Should battery storage solutions for China’s energy grid be policy or market driven?
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: January 2023

Computer simulations used to investigate best policies for increasing public power grid battery storage in China.
Effects of electrolyte anion adsorption on the activity and stability of single atom electrocatalysts
Authors: Patniboon Tipaporn , Hansen Heine Anton
Published: January 2023

A single metal site incorporated in N-doped carbon (M/N/C) is a promising electrocatalyst. Here, we perform a computation investigation of the effect of electrolyte anion adsorption on the activity and stability of single-atom catalysts (MN4) with M as transition metal and p-block metal. The MN4 site on two different graphene structures (bulk graphene and graphene edge) is studied under electrochemical conditions for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Because of the two-dimensional nature of the catalyst, reaction intermediates and electrolyte ions can interact with both sides of the single-atom catalyst. As a result, the electrolyte anions compete with water and adsorbate on the single metal site, in some cases either poisoning or modifying the catalyst activity and thermodynamic stability. We find most electrolyte anions adsorbs on the single metal site under ORR conditions but not at the lower potentials for the CO2RR. Still, the adsorption of water and gas molecules can occur under CO2RR conditions. For example, under ORR conditions, the thermodynamic driving force of the *SO4-FeN4 site in the 0.1 M H2SO4 solution is about 0.47–0.56 eV lower than the *O-FeN4 site in water, depending on the local carbon structure. Additionally, the stabilization by electrolyte anions depends on the nature of the metal atom. Our study demonstrates the important role of electrolytes and the coordination environment for the activity and stability of the M/N/C catalyst.