bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmann
Authors: Fischer Norbert
Published: May 2023

Text translated by Jakub Sirovátka.
Energy consumption, mechanical and metallographic properties of cryogenically treated tool steels
Authors: Savaş Ahmet Fevzi , Öktem Hasan , Öztürk Burak , Uygur İlyas , Küçük Özkan
Published: May 2023

This article examines energy consumption, microstructure, mechanical properties, and the change in the wear amount during the machining of GGG-42 cast iron material with two types of guide cutting tool produced by powder metallurgy and casting method The tap. tool samples used as cutting tool material were first subjected to the traditional hardening process and then to two different cryogenic treatments (24–16 h) at −90°C. The internal structures of the guide samples obtained from conventional heat treatment and cryogenic treatment were examined with an optical microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope. The hardness changes were checked with Vickers measurement method. The wear amount forming after the threading process was measured with CLEMEX program in a light microscope. In addition, by measuring the current amount drawn during the machining of the cast iron with guide cutter tools, instantaneous power consumption during cutting and power consumption during chip removal were calculated. The application of heat treatment and cryogenic process increased the hardness of the guides. Moreover, the power consumption during the chip removal was also seen to increase. This can be commented that cutting tools produced with powder metallurgy perform better than the cutting tools produced via casting and 30% energy saving.
Novel multilevel inverter topology with low switch count
Authors: Lotfi Amir , Maalandish Mohammad , Aghaei Amir , Samadian Ataollah , Fathollahi Arman , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Khooban Mohammad-Hassan
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to introduce a new multilevel inverter topology less number of switches and gate drivers with a hybrid control method. In the proposed topology three kinds of voltage sources are utilized in the topology. A combination of these voltage sources, switches, and two H-bridges derived a new topology. Moreover, combining the nearest level and pulse width modulation created an efficient way to control the proposed topology which is described in this paper. Equations to determine the number of components and total standing voltage of the proposed multilevel is presented. A comprehensive comparison between the proposed topology and other best topologies is made. Additionally, the simulation results which are obtained by PSCAD/EMTDC and experimental results are in accordance with the theory. The proposed multilevel inverter with a hybrid control method has less number of switches, gate drivers, and low THD.
Genetic and clinical features of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency
Authors: Sun Wenjun , Zhang Xiaoxi , Su Hang , Wang Xiaoxia , Qin Fang , Gong Xiangling , Wang Bo , Yu Fei
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Citrin deficiency (CD) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations of the SLC25A13 gene, plasma bile acid profiles detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) could be an efficient approach for early diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic testing and clinical characteristics of a series of patients with CD, and to analyse plasma bile acid profiles in CD patients.

Methods

We retrospectively analysed data from 14 patients (12 males and 2 females, age 1–18 months, mean 3.6 months) with CD between 2015 and 2021, including demographics, biochemical parameters, genetic test results, treatment, and clinical outcomes. In addition, 30 cases (15 males and 15 females, age 1–20 months, mean 3.8 months) with idiopathic cholestasis (IC) served as a control group. Plasma 15 bile acid profiles were compared between the CD and IC groups.

Results

Eight different mutations of the SLC25A13 gene were detected in the 14 patients diagnosed with CD, of which three novel variants of the SLC25A13 gene were investigated, the c.1043C>T (p.P348L) in exon11, the c.1216dupG (p.A406 Gfs*13) in exon12 and the c.135G>C (p.L45F) in exon3. More than half of the patients with CD had prolonged neonatal jaundice, which was associated with significantly higher alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, hyperlactatemia and hypoglycemia. The majority of patients were ultimately self-limited. Only one patient developed liver failure and died at the age of 1 year due to abnormal coagulation function. In addition, the levels of glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), taurocholate (TCA), and taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) were significantly increased in the CD group compared with those in the IC group.

Conclusions

Three novel variants of the SLC25A13 gene were identified for the first time, providing a reliable molecular reference and expanding the SLC25A13 gene spectrum in patients with CD. Plasma bile acid profiles could be a potential biomarker for non-invasive early diagnosis of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis caused by CD.
Deep-learning-assisted reconfigurable metasurface antenna for real-time holographic beam steering
Authors: Ma Hyunjun , Kim Jin-Soo , Choe Jong-Ho , Park Q-Han
Published: May 2023

We propose a metasurface antenna capable of real-time holographic beam steering. An array of reconfigurable dipoles can generate on-demand far-field patterns of radiation through the specific encoding of meta-atomic states i.e., the configuration of each dipole. Suitable states for the generation of the desired patterns can be identified using iteration, but this is very slow and needs to be done for each far-field pattern. Here, we present a deep-learning-based method for the control of a metasurface antenna with point dipole elements that vary in their state using dipole polarizability. Instead of iteration, we adopt a deep learning algorithm that combines an autoencoder with an electromagnetic scattering equation to determine the states required for a target far-field pattern in real-time. The scattering equation from Born approximation is used as the decoder in training the neural network, and analytic Green’s function calculation is used to check the validity of Born approximation. Our learning-based algorithm requires a computing time of within 200 μs to determine the meta-atomic states, thus enabling the real-time operation of a holographic antenna.
Heuristic algorithms for understanding chemistry via simple quantities
Authors: Karen Pavel
Published: May 2023

Periodicity of elements is the basis of teaching and understanding inorganic chemistry. This review exemplifies simple rules and counting procedures as heuristic algorithms yielding often-dimensionless quantities that, as such or together with auxiliary parameters, allow us to predict not only the stoichiometry and bonding of compounds, but also some of their properties or reactions.
Inhibition of Stimulator of Interferon Genes Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Peng Yuce , Zhou Guoxiang , Guo Mingyu , Cheng Zhe , Luo Suxin , Guo Yongzheng
Published: May 2023

Background: Although the past decade has witnessed substantial scientific progress with the advent of cardioprotective pharmacological agents, most have failed to protect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetic hearts. This study was aimed at investigating the role of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in I/R injury in diabetic mice and further exploring the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Type 2 diabetic mice were subjected to I/R or sham operation to investigate the role of STING. STING knockout mice were subjected to 30 minutes of ischemia followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. Finally, myocardial injury, cardiac function, and inflammation levels were assessed.

Results: STING pathway activation was observed in diabetic I/R hearts, as evidenced by increased p-TBK and p-IRF3 expression. STING knockout significantly decreased the ischemic area and improved cardiac function after I/R in diabetic mice. STING knockout also elicited cardio-protective effects by decreasing serum cardiac troponin T and lactate dehydrogenase levels, thus diminishing the inflammatory response in the heart after I/R in diabetic mice. In vitro, STING inhibition decreased the expression of hypoxia-re-oxygenation-induced inflammatory cytokines.

Conclusions: Targeting STING inhibits inflammation and prevents I/R injury in diabetic mice. Thus, STING may be a potential novel therapeutic target against myocardial I/R injury in diabetes.
Effect of metal cations on the conductivity and interfacial stability of Li7P3S10.7Br0.3 sulfide solid-state electrolytes
Authors:   Huizhou Power Supply Bureau, Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd. Huizhou 516000, Guangdong, China, Zhou J. H. , Cao S. H. ,   Shandong Taikai High Voltage Switchgear Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China, Li X. Y. ,   Huizhou Power Supply Bureau, Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd. Huizhou 516000, Guangdong, China, Shen C. Y. ,   Huizhou Power Supply Bureau, Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd. Huizhou 516000, Guangdong, China, Cong M. ,   Shandong Taikai High Voltage Switchgear Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
Published: May 2023

The development of sulfide solid electrolyte is limited by the interface instability with lithium metal and low ionic conductivity. In this work, the effects of doping SiS2, SnS, ZnS and MnS on the ionic conductivity and interfacial stability of sulfide electrolytes are systematically investigated. The conductivity of Li7P2.9Sn0.1S10.7Br0.3 solid electrolyte was as high as 1.67 mS cm-1 . Furthermore, it is found that the critical current density was proportional to the resistivity of the doping element. The critical current density of the electrolyte was significantly increased by electronically insulating Si doping, reaching 0.858 mA cm-2 .
Gamma irradiation effects on Ag based ternary and quaternary chalcogenide films
Authors:   Department of Physics, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Noida, India, Yaduvanshi N. , Pandey R. ,   Department of Maths , JSS Academy of Technical Education, Noida, India, Khemchandani V. ,   Department of Maths , JSS Academy of Technical Education, Noida, India
Published: May 2023

In this work the effect of gamma irradiation (50 kGy and 100 kGy) on properties of InxSb20-x Ag10Se70 (x= 0,10,20) films has been discussed. X ray diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Optical properties and Electrical properties have been successfully studied. X Ray diffraction and TEM images reveal the amorphous nature of thin films. A change in the optical energy gap is observed after irradiation.The optical band gap increases accompanied with increase in tailing parameter.The value of N decreases with irradiation dose.It is found that crytallinity is higher for ternary system as compare to quarternary system. From electrical measurements it has been that conduction is in the localised state and the DC activation energy decrease upon gamma irradiations.
Effect of thermal treatment on the structural, morphological, and chemical properties of apatite bioceramicsmaterials
Authors:   Applied chemistry laboratory, material sciences department, university Mohamed Khider Biskra, Algeria, Ghamri N. E. , Kribaa O. K. ,   Applied chemistry laboratory, material sciences department, university Mohamed Khider Biskra, Algeria, Zenkhri L. ,   Valorisation and Promotion of Saharan Resources laboratory (VPRS), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Material Sciences, Kasdi Merbah University, Ouargla, Algeria, Djouama H. ,   Applied chemistry laboratory, material sciences department, university Mohamed Khider Biskra, Algeria
Published: May 2023

Monitoring the synthesis conditions of apatite phosphate by double decomposition seems very useful in view of the simplicity and rapidity of this method. This work is mainly based on production of apatite in the laboratory by the double decomposition method, HAP and TCP were synthesized and studied to demonstrate the influence of thermal treatment and synthesis temperature on the structure of apatite powders. The prepared samples were calcined at 900°C and sintered at 1050, 1100 and 1150°C. The effect of synthesis and sintering temperature on the structure of this material was investigated using XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX. This study confirmed that calcination has no effect on the HAP phase stability elaborated. Therefore,for TCP synthesized: β-TCP is the most phase that persists up to, 91% and a minimal partial transformation into Dicalcium Diphosphate is recorded. FTIR spectrum affirms the persistence of OH– and PO43- group bands suggestingthe basic apatite structure for HAP and TCP of the sample, calcination, leads to the crystallization of TCP Ca3(PO4)2. However, the calcined precipitate contains β calcium pyrophosphate Ca2P2O7, and HA:Ca10(PO4)6(OH) 2 constitutes secondary phase. While the calcination of HAP did not affect it. SEM micrograph of synthetic HAP powder treated at 1050°C revealed particle morphology with the dense and cloudy surface while TCP micrograph powder treated at the same temperature shows particle morphology of porous and smoother surfaces and irregular spherical shape. In conclusion thethermal treatments improve the performance of the bioceramic residueand have the potential to create a new type of sustainable and bio-friendly material. Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate likeotherrelated calcium phosphate minerals, have been used extensively as orthopedic implant material due to their excellent biocompatibility and bone bonding to its structural and composition alsimilarity to that of mineral phase of hard tissue in human bones.
Synthesis and characterization of ferrous manganese tungsten thin films for magnetic MEMS devices
Authors:   Department of Physics, Shree Venkateshwara Hi-Tech Engineering College, Gobichettipalayam, Erode– 638 455, Tamilnadu, India, Poongodi A. , Thangaraj N. ,   Department of Physics, Velalar College of Engineering and Technology, Erode638 012, Tamilnadu, India
Published: May 2023

Fe-Mn-W thin films were synthesized by electrodeposition technique with different current density and different deposition time. Electrodeposition method is a flexible and less expensive avenue which produces alloys in controlled thickness, shapes and sizes. The hysteresis loops of Fe-Mn-W alloys films were studied by using vibrating sample magnetometer. The crystalline size and surface morphology of the deposited thin films were calculated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX) was used to identify the components of the films. Hardness and adhesion of the deposited thin films were investigated by Vickers hardness tester using diamond intender method.
High‐resolution transcriptomic and epigenetic profiling identifies novel regulators of COPD
Authors: Schwartz Uwe , Llamazares Prada Maria , Pohl Stephanie T , Richter Mandy , Tamas Raluca , Schuler Michael , Keller Corinna , Mijosek Vedrana , Muley Thomas , Schneider Marc A , Quast Karsten , Hey Joschka , Heußel Claus P , Warth Arne , Winter Hauke , Serçin Özdemirhan , Karmouty‐Quintana Harry , Jyothula Soma SK , Patel Manish K , Herth Felix , Koch Ina , Petrosino Giuseppe , Titimeaua Alexandru , Mardin Balca R , Weichenhan Dieter , Jurkowski Tomasz P , Imbusch Charles D , Brors Benedikt , Benes Vladimir , Jung Birgit , Wyatt David , Stahl Heiko F , Plass Christoph , Jurkowska Renata Z
Published: May 2023

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are still waiting for curative treatments. Considering its environmental cause, we hypothesized that COPD will be associated with altered epigenetic signaling in lung cells. We generated genome‐wide DNA methylation maps at single CpG resolution of primary human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) across COPD stages. We show that the epigenetic landscape is changed early in COPD, with DNA methylation changes occurring predominantly in regulatory regions. RNA sequencing of matched fibroblasts demonstrated dysregulation of genes involved in proliferation, DNA repair, and extracellular matrix organization. Data integration identified 110 candidate regulators of disease phenotypes that were linked to fibroblast repair processes using phenotypic screens. Our study provides high‐resolution multi‐omic maps of HLFs across COPD stages. We reveal novel transcriptomic and epigenetic signatures associated with COPD onset and progression and identify new candidate regulators involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. The presence of various epigenetic factors among the candidates demonstrates that epigenetic regulation in COPD is an exciting research field that holds promise for novel therapeutic avenues for patients.
Percepción del riesgo de habitar en las inmediaciones de un sitio de disposición final, El Salto, México
Authors: Venegas Sahagun Beatriz Adriana , Mancha Gálvez Erika Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

[Introduction]: The study of risk perception refers to the reflections and evaluations of people about the dangers to which they, their facilities and their environment are or could be exposed and make decisions about it. [Objective]: This research analyzes the risk perception of the communities Mesa de los Laureles and Fraccionamiento Nueva Vizcaya located in El Salto, Jalisco, Mexico, which are in the vicinity of the Los Laureles Sanitary Landfill. In addition to this, the spatial relationship between the location of people and diseases sensitive to contamination is examined. [Methodology]: A quantitative methodology was used, complemented with Geographic Information Systems, field trips and in-depth interviews. 101 surveys were carried out, the questionnaire was divided into four sections with 21 questions. Descriptive statistics and analysis with simple linear regression and chi-square were performed. [Results]: perceives the changes in their environment, and identifies related diseases, such as gastrointestinal, respiratory, and dermal . Statistical models indicate that illnesses could tentatively be minimized by 2.73% if homes were 2.55 meters further from the landfill. [Conclusions]: the population still perceives the risk from a very limited notion of space, which prevents it from reacting to the threat, likewise it has a portfolio of risks, where living in the vicinity of the landfill is not seen as a significant threat to his physical well-being, and assumes it as an acceptable risk.
The problem of contamination of aquatic ecosystems with antibiotics (a review)
Authors:   Institute of Fisheries of NAAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Shepelevych V. , Berezkina A. ,   Institute of Fisheries of NAAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Tretiakova T. ,   Institute of Fisheries of NAAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Matvienko N. ,   Institute of Fisheries of NAAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To analyze and summarize information on the problem of contamination of aquatic ecosystems with antibiotics. Findings: The presented work describes global risks associated with the presence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment and aquatic organisms, and demonstrates quantitative and qualitative assessment of contamination with antibiotic residues in ocean aquatic resources using bivalves. Practical value. The review can be useful for the public engaged in ecology, agriculture, veterinary medicine, and fisheries; for experts in the field of pharmacology and microbiology. This paper can also be interesting for teachers and students of field-oriented universities. Keywords: Antibiotics, wastewater contamination with antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, stability genes, aquatic biocenoses, aquaculture, bivalve molluscs.
Tench (Tinca tinca Linnaeus, 1758) as an object of non-traditional aquaculture (a review)
Authors:   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv, Konopelsky R. , Sondak V. ,   The National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne
Published: May 2023

Purpose. Tench (Tinca tinca)is a popular species of cyprinids that lives in our waters. It has small scales that are firmly embedded in the mucous membrane of the skin. This is one of the few European fish that has sexual dimorphism. Tench is found in almost all regions of Europe, except the northern part of Great Britain, Iceland and the northern part of the Scandinavian countries. Interestingly, this species can be found in waters with low salinity, especially in the Baltic Sea, in its coastal zone. This species easily survives in waters with low oxygen content. As a rule, it prefers standing or, at best, poorly flowing waters. The ideal conditions for tench are shallow waters with warm water and developed vegetation. In deeper lakes, it lives in the coastal zone. Its meat is considered valuable. High economic importance and low production of tench in aquaculture in recent years has led to the development of scientific activities aimed at determining the most optimal possible production parameters of this species. Findings. The author of the work reviewed and analyzed professional scientific literature sources, manuals and textbooks of domestic and foreign authors on the cultivation of tench as an object of non-traditional aquaculture. In particular, the historical aspects of tench cultivation, its biological characteristics and features of breeding are considered. Practical value. The review of literature sources can be useful for the preparation of lecture material during the training process for specialists in specialty 207 “Aquatic Bioresources and Aquaculture”, including specialists in ichthyology, veterinary medicine, zoology. Key words: growing, tench, aquaculture, polyculture.
Advanced in vivo fluorescence microscopy of neural electronic interface
Authors: Yang Qianru , Cui X. Tracy
Published: May 2023

Neuroelectronic devices are essential tools in neuroscience research, diagnosis, and/or treatment of neurological diseases, as well as in neuro-prosthetics and brain–computer interfaces. Despite a long history of application, neuroelectronic devices are still facing challenges of unsatisfactory chronic stability and a lack of understanding of cellular mechanisms for recording and stimulation. To improve the information transfer between the neural tissue and electronic devices, a comprehensive understanding of the biological activities around the neural electrode is critical. In vivo fluorescent microscopy technologies are rapidly developing and have revolutionized our understanding of cellular dynamics in response to neural interfacing materials. Here, we will provide an overview of the in vivo fluorescence microscopy systems and imaging configurations for studying the neural electronic interface, as well as recent findings in biological mechanisms learned using these advanced optical imaging modalities. Finally, we will discuss the current challenges and future directions.

Graphical abstract
El juicio del juez. La jurisdicción en el Estado Democrático de Derecho
Authors: Barzotto Luis-Fernando
Published: May 2023

La jurisdicción tiene su identidad concreta definida por el tipo de Estado de Derecho en que se inserta. El presente artículo explora la idea de que el protagonista de la jurisdicción, el juez, y su actividad propia, la elaboración de juicios (decisiones, fallos, sentencias) son afectados por el contexto institucional del Estado de Derecho al que se vincula. Dos modelos de Estado de Derecho serán aquí examinados: aquel comprometido enteramente con la seguridad jurídica, que se denominará «Estado Burocrático de Derecho» y el modelo del Estado de Derecho orientado a la efectuación de la justicia política –modelo que la tradición ha denominado República y que se denomina contemporáneamente Estado Democrático de Derecho–. Se contrapondrán, por lo tanto, dos concepciones de juicio del juez: la burocrática y la republicana. Para elaborar el modelo del Estado Burocrático de Derecho y del juicio burocrático, se utilizarán las contribuciones de Max Weber y Carl Schmitt. Por otra parte, el modelo de Estado Democrático de Derecho tiene en Aristóteles, Cicerón y Tomás de Aquino sus fuentes principales.
Carlos José Errázuriz [con la collaborazione di Petar Popovic], Il diritto come bene giuridico. Un’introduzione alla filosofia del diritto, EDUSC, Roma, 2021, 208 pp.
Authors: Schouppe Jean-Pierre
Published: May 2023

Book Review
Alfredo Cruz Prados, Sobre la realidad del derecho. Filosofía jurídica, EUNSA, Pamplona, 2021, 414 pp.
Authors: Greco-Bastianelli Ricardo
Published: May 2023

Book Review
First report of Wilson disease and Bruton agammaglobulinemia in the same patient caused by new mutations in ATP7B and BTK genes
Authors: Olaya Manuela , Aristizabal Carolina , Perez Camacho Paola , Patiño Jaime , Medina Valencia Diego , Botero Veronica , Pachajoa Harry
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Wilson disease is characterized by an alteration in copper metabolism that causes its accumulation in different tissues. Its diagnosis is established by the combination of clinical manifestations and paraclinical and genetic studies. Bruton agammaglobulinemia is an X-linked recessive hereditary disease belonging to the group of primary immunodeficiencies and is produced by mutation in the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene.
Case report: A 14-year-old Colombian patient with clinical characteristics of Bruton agamma-globulinemia presented with liver disease and clinically and molecularly diagnosed with Wilson disease.
Discussion: Bruton agammaglobulinemia and Wilson disease are considered rare diseases because of their low prevalence. We report for the first time a pediatric patient from southwestern Colombia presenting with both entities, and diagnosed clinically and molecularly, an association so far not reported in the literature.
MiR-185-5p measurement assists in reflecting Th1/Th2 cell imbalance, inflammatory cytokine production, and exacerbation risk for childhood asthma
Authors: Li Chunmei , Zhao Yiran , Cai Chunquan , Liu Zhenkui , Ma Junshuai , Song Yanhong , Zhang Yanwen , Guo Weiping , Lu Yanhui , Xing Jing , Wang Yanfei , Li Wenbin , Shi Wei , Qu Haixin
Published: May 2023

Background: MicroRNA (miR)-185-5p participates in the pathology of asthma by regulating immune imbalance, inflammation, periostin synthesis, and smooth muscle contraction. This study intended to explore the dysregulation of miR-185p and its correlation with T-helper (Th)1, Th2 cells, and inflammatory cytokines in childhood asthma.
Methods: In 150 childhood asthma patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs), miR-185-5p from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Th cells from peripheral blood samples were detected using flow cytometry, inflammatory cytokines from serum samples were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: MiR-185-5p was increased in childhood asthma patients versus HCs [median (inter-quartile range (IQR)): 2.315 (1.770–3.855) versus 1.005 (0.655–1.520)] (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, miR-185-5p was negatively associated with Th1 cells (P = 0.035) but positively correlated with Th2 cells (P = 0.006) and IL-4 (P = 0.003) in childhood asthma patients; however, miR-185-5p was not linked to Th1 cells, Th2 cells, IFN-γ, or IL-4 in HCs (all P > 0.05). In addition, miR-185-5p was positively related to TNF-α (P < 0.001), IL-1β (P = 0.015), and IL-6 (P = 0.008) in childhood asthma patients, miR-185-5p was only linked to TNF-α (P = 0.040) but not IL-1β or IL-6 (both P > 0.05) in HCs. Moreover, miR-185-5p was increased in exacerbated childhood asthma patients versus remissive patients [median (IQR): 3.170 (2.070–4.905) versus 1.900 (1.525–2.615)] (P < 0.001). Besides, miR-185-5p was highest in patients with severe exacerbation followed by patients with moderate exacerbation, and lowest in patients with mild exacerbation (P = 0.010).
Conclusion: MiR-185-5p is associated with imbalanced Th1/Th2 cells, increased inflammatory cytokines along with elevated exacerbation risk, and severity in childhood asthma patients.
Neferine alleviates ovalbumin-induced asthma via MAPK signaling pathways in mice
Authors: Tonggang Zhu  , Xue Xiao  , Yufu Dong  , Yuan Chengbo
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To investigate the role of neferine in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma, and to reveal the possible mechanism.
Methods: In OVA-induced asthmatic mice, enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay was performed to evaluate the level of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-1β, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Eosinophil, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts in BALF were calculated to assess inflammation. The pulmonary function was measured by airway resistance, peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity (FEV0.4/FVC) ratio, and respiratory rate. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining were used to evaluate lung injury. Further, Western blot analysis was conducted to detect phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.
Results: Neferine, 20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg, could significantly decrease the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE in OVA-induced serum, and that of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1 in OVA-induced BALF. Moreover, neferine could significantly decline eosinophil, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts in BALF. Neferine contributed to improve OVA-induced airway resistance, promoted the value of PEF and FEV0.4/FVC ratio, and recovered the respiratory rate. It also reduced mucus secretion, distribution of inflammatory and goblet cells around bronchi, and attenuated collagen deposition in lung tissues. Furthermore, neferine reduced the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ERK to inhibit MAPK signaling pathways.
Conclusion: Neferine relieves asthma-induced inflammatory reaction, airway resistance, and lung injury by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathways. This could serve neferine as a novel therapeutic candidate for treating asthma.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of secondary support of haulage drifts based on a comparative analysis of the deformation characteristics of protective structures
Authors: Tkachuk Oleksandr , Chepiga Daria , Pakhomov Serhii , Volkov Serhiy , Liashok Yaroslav , Bachurina Yaroslava , Shvets Iryna , Podkopaiev Serhii
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is the processes of managing the state of lateral rocks in the coal rock array with preparatory workings. The influence of deformation characteristics of the protective structures of the preparatory workings on the stability of lateral rocks in the coal rock array has been established. The stable state of the above-the-drift pillars of coal is provided within the deformation resource, which corresponds to the critical level of the specific potential energy of the deformation. The limits of the deformation resource are the range of change in the relative deformation of coal pillars 0.1≤λ≤0.25. When the critical level of the specific potential energy of deformation is passed, at λ˃0.25, there is a relative change in the volume of pillars δλ˃0,1, as a result of which their durability decreases and the state changes.
Under such conditions, the residual strength of coal pillars is not enough to limit the movement of lateral rocks, which provokes their collapse.
For protective structures made of crushed rock, within the established deformation resource of 0.4≤λ≤0.7, with an increase in static load and cross-sectional area, the specific potential energy of deformation decreases, simultaneously with the relative change in the volume of the embedded material. This is due to the compaction of the crushed rock and an increase in its strength.
Regularities of change in the specific potential energy of deformation of protective structures have been established, which, under conditions of uniaxial compression, make it possible to assess, within the deformation resource, their stability.
To ensure the stability of lateral rocks in the coal rock array and to preserve the operational condition of the preparatory workings, it is advisable to use protective structures made of crushed rock. This method will limit the movement of the roof and sole in the produced space and avoid collapses.
Identifying determinant factors influencing user’s behavioral intention to use Traveloka Paylater
Authors: Kurniasari Florentina , Prihanto Johny Natu , Andre Nikolaus
Published: May 2023

The paylater payment feature is being widely discussed as an alternative payment system that offers simplicity and flexibility in settling digital business transactions with a 28 % to 38 % growth annually. Despite the popularity of Traveloka apps as the largest travel business platform that has been downloaded more than 100 million times, the number of Traveloka Paylater users is limited to only 8.6 % of the total users. The purpose of this study is to discuss what factors influence a user’s behavioral intention to use Traveloka Paylater.
The study involved 360 Traveloka user respondents over 17 years old who knew the Paylater model of payment but never use Traveloka PayLater.
The research found that computer self-efficacy affects perceived ease of use, security has an effect on trust, and social influence affects the behavioral intention to use Traveloka Paylater. Meanwhile, computer self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, perceived financial costs, security and trust do not have a positive influence on the behavioral intentions to use Traveloka Paylater.
Users with a higher level of computer self-efficacy find it easier to use the services and more trust the platform that has a higher level of security. Social media were proven to have the greatest impact on potential users by encouraging them to use Traveloka Paylater services. Since Traveloka Paylater services also offer some attractive promotions, including discount prices, users won’t mind if there will be extra charges.
The study shows that Traveloka Paylater becomes an attractive digital payment service due to its correlation with the credit system mechanism, which allows buyers to buy now but pay later using an installment plan. Traveloka Paylater shows promising growth since Indonesians are already familiar with the credit system. Since the majority of Traveloka Paylater users are the young generation, this method of payment will create hedonism of impulsive buying.
To extend the number of target users of the older generation, the study revealed the urgency to provide more integrated simple registration methods as well as create attractive live chat features, monitor the system regularly, and work with well-known influencers to increase literacy.
Improving printed products manufacturing technology using 3D printing
Authors: Rozum Tetiana , Zolotukhina Kateryna , Kushlyk-Dyvulska Olga , Petryshyna Anastasiya , Marchuk Ivanna
Published: May 2023

The aim of the paper is to analyze the state of the printing industry in the current conditions, learn reproduction technologies on non-absorbent surfaces, and study modern technological processes of obtaining products based on 3D printing, which is the research object. The problem lies in the lack of general recommendations for using the above technology to produce printed products or their elements.
The main factors affecting the quality of finished products have been determined. The criterion to compare possible options for creating printed products was selected, namely, the examination method was considered. After processing the expert group summary, the consistency degree of opinions was determined using Kendall’s concordance coefficient. The most significant factor was identified, and further research is focused on it. Layer-by-layer deposition modeling was chosen as the technology for creating the test. Test fragments were developed, and materials and equipment to run the experiment were selected. A quantitative and qualitative assessment of the quality of 3D printing was carried out.
Following the conducted research, the shortcomings were taken into account, and a number of recommendations for further creation of the forthcoming high-quality product were made. Those recommendations refer to the optimal line width (1.5 points and more), typeface origin and font size (20 points and above) for the reproduction of text information, and thickness of the element base of printed products (minimum 2.5–3 mm).
The above recommendations allow a 3D printing product and its elements to achieve a remarkable quality level and visual appeal, as well as enable enterprises to use it as the basis of technological instructions for applying modern technologies.
Determining patterns in the influence of the number of blades in the ducted and unducted propfans on propfan thrust
Authors: Denysiuk Olesia , Kravchenko Igor , Balalaieva Kateryna , Balalaiev Anton , Mitrakhovych Mykhailo
Published: May 2023

The efficiency of an aircraft engine is estimated by many parameters, one of which is the thrust force. Improving the efficiency of aircraft engines is an important task for engine building. However, questions remain regarding the effect of the number of blades on the change in the thrust of the ducted and unducted fans. In this work, the object of study is a propfan. 3 variants of the propfan with 8, 10, and 12 blades were investigated. The study was conducted by the method of numerical experiment. The aim of the work was to compile recommendations for choosing the number of blades in the ducted and unducted fans for motors with an ultra-high bypass ratio. That could make it possible to improve the efficiency of an aircraft engine with a propfan. Studies have shown that the number of blades in a propfan significantly affects the thrust force that it creates, as well as efficiency. With an increase in the blades of the ducted fan from 8 to 12, the thrust force increases to 38 %. With an increase in the blades of the propfan from 8 to 12, the thrust force increases to 36.9 %. An increase in the blades from 8 to 12 in the ducted fan leads to an increase in its performance, thereby improving efficiency by 2.4–5.7 %. When flowing around a propfan, it is possible to note the peculiarity that occurs when all three variants are streamlined – vortex traces of the blades in the peripheral parts. Visualization of current lines when flowing around an unducted fan with 8, 10, and 12 blades demonstrates a similar flow character. On the periphery, there are zones of higher speed but there are no zones with eddy formations. The resulting regularities of the influence of the number of blades on a change in the thrust of the ducted and unducted fans could improve the efficiency of the aviation power plant with an engine whose bypass ratio is ultra-high.
Optimization of business processes in investment using automation technology, financial calculations, and risk assessment methods
Authors: Pronoza Pavlo , Chernyshov Volodymyr , Malyshko Yevheniia , Aleksieienko Inna
Published: May 2023

This work considers the optimization and development of business processes in investment. The conditions for the digitalization of the economy actualize the issue of introducing information technologies at all its levels and links. It is proved that information technology is an effective tool for reducing the time for the implementation of individual business processes and in investment. Its use expands the possibilities of exchanging information and its dissemination to the general public, improves the quality of investment tasks and the objectivity of investment decision-making results. Experimental studies have confirmed that the result of its application is the efficiency of obtaining, processing, and analyzing information when making management decisions. The visual content of the results of investment analysis, obtained using automation technologies, facilitates the perception of information, improves the quality of its transmission, and the value of ideas. The continuous development of information technologies in the field of investment is the basis for further scientific and practical research in this area. Based on such considerations, the feasibility of modifying the methodical toolkit of financial calculations in the process of analyzing the effectiveness of investment implementation is justified. Models of the modified internal rate of return on investment and the rate of return on financial management are proposed. Based on their definition, the objectivity of evaluating investments increases, the effectiveness of cash flow management during their implementation is proved. Strengthening the manifestation of crisis phenomena actualize the study of the nature of the occurrence of risks and the degree of their controllability. The approach to assessing investment risks using the β coefficient, the calculation technology, which is a universal tool for assessing the impact of systemic risks at the macro and micro levels, is substantiated.
Development of technology of crackers wuth increased food value to improve the food supply to military servants during a special period
Authors: Tsykhanovska Iryna , Tovma Lidiіa , Yevlash Victoria , Lazarieva Tetiana , Blahyi Olga , Alexandrov Alexandr , Riabchykov Mykola , Svidlo Karyna , Korolyova Natalia , Gontar Tatyana
Published: May 2023

Flour confectionery products have an unstable polyphase structure that needs stabilization. The nutrient composition of these products is characterized by a high content of sugar and saturated fatty acids. The content of protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals is low. This predetermines the feasibility of using the latest raw materials. This paper has proven the possibility of using flour from extruded sunflower seed kernels (FESSK). FESSK is a unique protein-mineral raw material ingredient that contains essential amino and polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as biologically active substances.
In FESSK, compared to high grade wheat flour (HGWF), the content of protein increases by 3.1–3.3 times; minerals – 13.80–13.82 times; fiber – 98.91–98.93 times; fat – 2.54–2.56 times; the total amount of essential amino acids – by 3.15–3.19 times. One should note the balance of amino acid composition and the usefulness of FESSK proteins (amino acid number (AAN) of essential amino acids approaches 100 %). Compared to HGWF, FESSK has increased biological value index and utilization rate of amino acid composition, by 48.74 % and 39.29 %, respectively. Of the 13 vitamins necessary for the human body, 12 vitamins (92.3 % of the total amount of vitamins) were identified as part of the FESSK composition. In FESSK, compared to HGWF, fat-absorbing capacity increases by 1.50–1.52 times and water retention capacity by 3.62–3.64 times.
It was found that the addition of 10.0 % FESSK increases wettability by 6.58–11.19 %; expansion rate by (1,0±0,1) %; ash content – 5.71–13.33 times; fat content by 2,19–6,17 %; protein content by 8.29–21.37 %. The integrated quality indicator increases by 5.1–6.8 %. Alkalinity decreases by 1.04–2.06 %. The expediency of the production of crackers with improved nutritional properties to improve the food supply of servicemen in a special period has been proven.
Determination of rational parameters of a device for leather feeding to the machining area
Authors: Bahadirov Gayrat , Musirov Makhmarajab , Nabiev Ayder
Published: May 2023

The quality of mechanical processing of the skin largely depends on the parameters of the skin feeding to the processing zone between the working rolls. The processed material at the entrance to the processing zone must be free of folds and wrinkles, i.e. one layer of material should enter the processing zone of the working rolls. Therefore, the input of the processed material into the zone of the working rolls is ensured with a rational selection of the profile of the guiding device for feeding the skin into the processing zone. A mathematical model was developed that allows the authors to determine the profile of the guiding device for leather feeding into the processing area between the working rollers, considering the modulus of elasticity and the density of the material being processed. The graphical solution to the mathematical model of the guiding device profile was made by a numerical method, and in order to prevent the leather saturated with liquid from sticking to the guiding surface, the friction coefficient was replaced with the rolling friction coefficient, and the rollers of the guiding device were placed at a certain angle to level out the folds of the leather and smoothly feed it to the processing area. A new design of roller technological machines was manufactured in laboratory settings. The roller machine is equipped with a new guiding device using rollers, with the possibility of free rotation around its axis. The rollers can be placed in several rows in a staggered arrangement. The developed design of the guiding device, due to the installation of the rollers at a certain angle relative to the direction of skin feed, makes it possible to smoothly transport the treated skin while eliminating longitudinal and transverse folds. The elimination of wrinkles contributed to an increase in the usable area of the treated leather samples. Experimental and testing work was conducted on a roller squeezing machine for processing leather samples using a new design of guiding device. The working width of the guiding device was 1500 mm, and the rollers of a diameter of 30 mm, allowed the straightening of the folds of the leather and moving it to the gripping zone of the working rollers. In the experimental study, the second-order D-optimal planning method was used with the Kano design matrix.
The optimization of cargo delivery processes with dynamic route updates in smart logistics
Authors: Danchuk Viktor , Comi Antonio , Weiß Christian , Svatko Vitalii
Published: May 2023

The object of research is the processes of transport logistics management under the influence of non-stationary factors of different nature on the functioning of street-road networks (SRN) in cities. The task of dynamic routing at large and variable loading of SRN sections is solved by managing the processes of cargo delivery in real time within the framework of the implementation  of the Smart Logistics concept.
Simulation studies of cargo delivery routing with dynamic real-time route updating using a modified ant colony algorithm and data on the dynamics of traffic flow (TF) were conducted using an SRN in the city of Kyiv as an example. Here, experimental data were obtained using motion sensors of intelligent transport systems. During the optimization, current data were used acquired online within the framework of the Internet of Things technology, as well as historical data obtained over past periods of time and averaged using Big Data (BD) technology. Route optimization at each stage of real-time updates was achieved using a modified ant colony algorithm. This method has a sufficiently high optimization performance and makes it possible, unlike many other intelligent methods, to directly take into account the non-stationary dynamics of TF within SRN. It is shown that the use of properly averaged BD historical data allows for more efficient planning of transport routes.
The simulation studies indicate the possibility of using the proposed approach by transport companies and authorities to solve the problems of managing logistics flows in an automated mode under conditions of complex, unpredictable traffic