bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PECULIARITIES OF TORTRIX VIRIDANA L.ECOLOGY IN CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL FOREST-STEPPE
Authors: Царалунга Владимир , Tsaralunga Vladimir , Царалунга Анна , Tsaralunga Anna
Published: March 2018

Green oak tortrix (Tortrix viridana L.) occupies a leading position in the leaf-biting pests of English oak (Querqus robur L.). Full-scale research on permanent test plots in the oak groves of the Voronezh Region and laboratory experiments at the Department of Ecology of VSUFT has revealed that the exit of the larvae of green oak tortrix is synchronized with the opening of the buds of the early form of the oak tree, and larvae have a regional specificity. Caterpillars of the first ages of green oak tortrix both in field and laboratory conditions show themselves as strict monophages, and caterpillars of the 5th age are facultative polyphages. For normal hatching of larvae, reactivation with low temperatures is necessary, followed by a set of effective temperatures of more than 1,750 ° C. At the same time, temperatures below -30 ° C for 3 days or spring frosts below -60 ° C lead to the death of oviposition. The speed of movement of the newly born caterpillars of green oak tortrix is 16 cm per minute or 9.6 m per hour, that is, during the active period, the newly born caterpillar can overcome 30-60 meters in search of food. The range of variation in the width of the head capsules of larvae of all 5 ages has been determined. The duration of the period of pre-fast fasting and sleep in older caterpillars varies considerably (2 = 0.709)but has a rather close correlation with the absolute weight of caterpillars (r = 0.587). The duration of the pupal stage is 7-13 days. In laboratory conditions, at a temperature of 220 ° C, the first butterflies fly out after 5 days. In nature, the flight of butterflies coincides with the flowering of jasmine, white acacia, black elderberry. The first males fly out and the females fly out only after 2-3 days. Mass flying begins 4-5 days after the appearance of the first butterflies. The butterflies’ outflying lasts 8-12 days, and they can be found in plantation for 16-28 days. From the entomophages of green oak tortrix, riders Phytodietus polizonias Forst., and on the puppies Phaeogenes invisor Thunb. Apechtis rufata Gm. Hoplectis maculator F. has been noted. The tahin Elodia tragica has been also found on the pupae. Trichogramma evanescens Weit. and Trihogramma embryophagum Htg. have been noted as the main ovaries of green oak tortrix
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF WOOD HARVESTING WITH THE HELP OF IMI-TATION MODELING ON PETRI NET
Authors: Соколов Антон , Sokolov Anton , Осипов Евгений , Osipov Evgeniy
Published: March 2018

The article is devoted to the description of the solution of the problem of substantiating the technology of wood harvesting, using simulation modeling of production processes on Petri nets. The possibility of using specially developed simulation models for the operation of forestry machine complexes consisting of a harvester and forwarder is con-sidered, not only for making decisions on the choice of machines for the formation of complexes, but also for justifying technological solutions. The solution of the problem is described in the example of a plot of irregular shape with a long trail of considerable length. The basis of the used approach is the use of the method of discrete-event simulation on Petri nets. The results of field research, modeling and improvement of the technological process are given. The results of the simulation has showed that the forwarder is loaded unevenly under the conditions of the considered cutting area . The simple of this machine was 24.5 hours or 7% of the time. A down-time of harvester was 9 hours or 3%. As a result of analyzing the simulation of the machine downtime distribution over time, it was found that this was due to the constantly decreasing forwarder performance, due to the increasing distance of skidding. As a result of the carried out research, it has been recommended to make a change in the technology for the development of the cutting area, consisting in the fact that the harvester does not start with the apiaries which are close to the loading platform, but from distant ones at the end of the main line. Modeling performed after the introduction of changes into the model has showed that in case of a shift to the proposed technology for cutting logging, productivity of harvester + forwarder machine complex can be increased by 2.3% by reducing the total downtime of the machines. It is possible to recommend the use of such technology in case of logging sites with a long haul of considerable length. Thus, when solving the real production problem, the effectiveness of the proposed approach to the evaluation of options for technological solutions for logging
INFLUENCE OF GRINDED DUST AS A FILLER OF CARBAMIDEOFORMALDEHYDE ADHESIVES ON THEIR TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Пономаренко Лариса , Ponomarenko Larisa , Кантиева Екатерина , Kantieva Ekaterina
Published: March 2018

One of the main indicators of the quality of plywood is its environmental friendliness, which is characterized by the content of free formaldehyde. To produce plywood with formaldehyde emission class E0, E1, low-toxic urea-formaldehyde resins should be used. These resins have low final viscosity, which can lead to a decrease in the strength properties of plywood due to excessive penetration of glue into the wood. The viscosity of the working solution of the glue can be changed by the use of fillers (wood flour, rye flour, kaolin, etc.). The results of the research have showed that wood flour has high adsorption capacity and 2-5 m. shares of wood flour increase the viscosity of the adhesive from 60 to 180 s by the VZ-4 viscometer. At the same time, a large amount of grinding dust accumulates in the woodworking shops. To assess the possibility of using grinding dust as a filler of urea-formaldehyde resins, a comparative analysis of the properties of grinding dust obtained by grinding various materials and wood flour in accordance with State Standard 16362-86 has been carried out. The results have showed that grinding dust is comparable to wood flour in moisture, bulk density. The fractional composition of the grinding dust is larger, but most of it corresponds to the necessary fractions of 0.25; 0.18; 0.125 after sorting. The article studies the effect of the fraction and the amount of grinding dust on the strength properties of plywood, as well as on the technological properties of the adhesive (dynamic viscosity, pH, gel time). The maximum increase in the strength of plywood has been 63% when using grinding dust of 0.125 fractions in the amount of 1 m.sh. Adding grinding dust to the adhesive solution leads to an increase in its dynamic viscosity and the larger the particle, the more the viscosity changes. Filling of urea-formaldehyde resins with grinding dust shifts the pH of the adhesive solution towards the neutral and slightly acidic medium and reduces the gelatin time to 55-60 sec. The conducted studies show that the use of grinding dust as a filler of urea-formaldehyde adhesives leads to a decrease in internal stresses in the cured adhesive and an increase in the strength of the gluing of plywood
What a difference a year makes
Authors: Nolan Yvonne
Published: March 2018

Yvonne Nolan reflects on her experiences of preceptorship and why being a newly qualified health visitor has been very different to her preceptorship as a midwife.
Health professional regulation: Fit for purpose?
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: March 2018

Does professional regulation provide employers and the public with useful assurance or is it a misuse of resources? Helena Frankova reviews how well the Nursing and Midwifery Council discharges its duty to protect the public.
Management of common skin infections in children
Authors: Robinson Jean
Published: March 2018

Healthy skin has many functions, one of which is to act as a barrier to keep out pathogens and allergens. When this barrier breaks down or is penetrated, infections can cause disease. Skin infections are common problems in young children, and health visitors need to be confident and up to date in the assessment and management of them. This includes ensuring parents and carers understand how to use treatments correctly, addressing any practical considerations and reducing the potential for recurrence if possible. It is also vital to understand how these infections can exacerbate underlying other conditions; in particular, eczema.
Nutritional therapy and caloric achievement within the first week of PICU admission
Authors: Yunita Melia , Rusmawatiningtyas Desy , Widowati Titis
Published: March 2018

Background Nutritional therapy is an important aspect in managing PICU patients. Careful decisions should be made regarding initiation, route of administration, and achievement based on caloric requirements. Many conditions could affect the application of nutritional therapy.Objective To investigate the implementation of nutritional therapy during the 1st week after PICU admission.Methods We conducted a retrospective study involving 156 children aged 1 month-18 years who were hospitalized for at least 4 days in the PICU during the period of  January 1st, 2015 to  December 31st, 2015. Subjects were divided into three groups according to initiation time of caloric administration, which were: category I (within the first 24 hours of PICU admission), category II (within the first 25-48 hours of PICU admission), and category III: (more than 48 hours after PICU admission). Caloric requirement was calculated using the Caldwell or Schofield formula, whilst caloric achievement was figured up from PICU daily monitoring sheets containing nutritional therapy given to the subjects.Results Of 131 subjects, 72 (55%) had good nutritional status and 59 (45%) children had malnutrition. Caloric administration was initiated within 24 hours of admission in 101 (77.1%) patients, of whom 90 (89.1%) patients received enteral feeding. Nineteen (14.5%) patients received their initial calories within 25-48 hours of admission, with 16 (84.2%) using the enteral route. At the 4th and 7th days of hospitalization, 93 (71%) and 107 (81.7%) patients achieved >70% of their caloric requirements. Delays in feeding initiation were due to shock, gastrointestinal bleeding, inotropic support, and feeding intolerance, which reduced caloric achievement.Conclusion Most patients receive nutritional therapy in the first 48 hours after PICU admission and achieve >70% of their caloric requirements at the 4th day of hospitalization. The enteral route is preferred. Delayed initiation of nutritional therapy reduce caloric achievement.
The addition of omeprazole to ondansetron for treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Simbolon Perjuangan Dapot Hamonangan , Nafianti Selvi , Sianturi Pertin , Lubis Bidasari , Lelo Aznan
Published: March 2018

Background Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are some of the most disturbing side effects in pediatric cancer patients. The standard recommendation is the use of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonist, such as ondansetron, to treat these symptoms. Despite this treatment, more than 50% of patients still experience nausea and vomiting.Objective To evaluate the effect of the addition of omeprazole to ondansetron in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.Methods A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, from March to May 2016. Subjects were children aged 1 to 18 years, diagnosed with cancer, and who received intravenous chemotherapy. Patients were randomized to receive either a single dose of ondansetron (0.5 mg/kg) plus placebo or ondansetron (0.5 mg/kg) plus omeprazole (0.5 mg/kg). The severity of nausea and vomiting were measured using the Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting, and retching during the 24 hours after initiation of emetogenic chemotherapy. The primary outcome of efficacy was the proportion of patients who achieved complete response (lack of nausea/vomiting). Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square and Fischer’s exact tests.Results Seventy eligible pediatric patients were randomized into two groups: 32 subjects in the ondansetron + placebo group and 38 others in the ondansetron + omeprazole group. The therapy failed in 50% (16/32) of the ondansetron + placebo group and 18.4% (7/38) of the ondansetron + omeprazole group. There was a significant difference in the clinical response between groups (P=0.01).Conclusion The addition of omeprazole to ondansetron for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is more effective than administration of ondansetron alone.
Anak dan Pendidikan Ruhiyah dalam Keluarga (Studi Pemikiran Khalid Ahmad Al-Syantut)
Authors: Umar Suhairi
Published: March 2018

Like an adult, in general a child has several senses of humanity (spiritual, intellectual, physical, and social) that each sense should acquire proper education. This paper discusses the spiritual education should be done by the family for children. The way offered by Khalid Ahmad al-Syantut can be used as a reference for educating the children's spiritual. The aspect of spiritual ideally is placed on the main priority in educating children, as the sense of spiritual has prominent role in strengthening the other senses of humanity. A strong soul will produce positive energy. On the contrary, a weak soul will weaken the whole other senses of humanity.[Anak seperti manusia dewasa pada umumnya memiliki beberapa sisikemanusiaan dalam dirinya (ruhiyah, fikriyah, jasadiyah, dan ijtimaiyyah). Dimana setiap sisiharus mendapatkan pendidikan yang tepat dan benar. Tulisan ini membahas tentang pendidikan ruhiyah bagi anak yangseharusnya dilakukan oleh keluarga.Cara yang ditawarkan oleh Khalid Ahmad al-Syantut bisa dijadikan salah satu rujukan dalam mendidik sisi ruhiyah anak. Aspek ruhiyahidealnya ditempatkan pada prioritas pertama dalam mendidik anak,karena sisi ruhiyah memiliki peran yang sangat sentral dalam menguatkan sisi kemanusian yang lain. Ruh yang kuat akan menebarkan energi positif. Sebaliknya ruh yang lemah akan melemahkan seluruh sisi kemanusian lainnya.]
Fenomena Penistaan Agama dalam Perspektif Islam dan Filsafat Pancasila (Studi Kasus terhadap Demo Jilid II pada 04 November 2016)
Authors: Izad Rohmatul
Published: March 2018

The discourse on religious blasphemy is one that raises a lot of polemics. In the Indonesian context, this does not only occur in the domain of positive law, but also extensively in the domain of Islamic thoughts.The underlying issue of the argument is whether the state has the right to determine that a person or particular group has conducted religious blasphemy, is it not God’s right to enact judgment instead, such kinds of of questions emerge in discussions regarding the matter of who is most eligible and authorized in making legal decisions pertaining to cases of religion. This article specifically attempts to study and trace the roots of the Muslims’ rally movement that occurred on the 4th of November, 2016, particularly through the perspective of Islam and the Philosophy of Pancasila. This study analyzed how the debate on the presumed religious blasphemy that instigated a massive rally a year ago by a group of social organizations and Muslims demanding justice for Ahok’s controversial statement at Seribu Islands had taken place by specifically tracing the roots of the rally movement at the legal, religious, and political levels. This research employs a descriptive-interpretative approach wherein I critically examined how the roots of the rally came to be and what caused the rally to occur by conducting a thorough review through the perspective of Islam and the philosophy of Pancasila.[Wacana tentang penodaan agama merupakan wacana yang banyak menimbulkan polemik. Dalam konteks Indonesia, hal ini tidak hanya terjadi dalam ranah hukum positif, namun secara luas juga dalam ranah pemikiran Islam. Masalah yang menjadi polemik adalah apakah negara berhak memutuskan bahwa seseorang atau kelompok tertentu telah menodai agama, bukankan yang berhak memutuskan hanya Tuhan, pertanyan-pertanyaan semacam ini sering muncul dalam hal perbincangan mengenai masalah siapa yang paling berhak dan memiliki wewenang dalam memutuskan perkara hukum terkait dengan kasus seputar agama. Penelitian ini secara khusus mencoba mengkaji dan menelusuri akar gerakan demonstrasi umat Islam yang terjadi pada 04 November 2016 lalu, khususnya dalam tinjauan Islam dan filsafat Pancasila.Penelitian ini menganalisis tentang bagaimana polemik dugaan penodaan agama yang menimbulkan demonstrasi besar-besaran tahun lalu oleh sekelompok ormas dan umat Islam yang menuntut keadilan atas ungkapan kontroversial Ahok di Kepulauan Seribu, dengan secara khusus menelusuri akar-akar gerakan demonstrasi pada tataran hukum, agama, dan politik. Atas dasar tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan desktiptif-interpretatif. Peneliti membedah secara kritis bagaimana akar demonstrasi tersebut muncul dan apa saja yang memicu terjadinya demonstrasi tersebut, dengan secara cermat melakukan peninjauan dalam perspektif Islam dan filsafat Pancasila.]
Gagasan Sekularisasi Politik Ibn Taymiyah
Authors: Arif Muhammad
Published: March 2018

Nearly all Islamists, Islamic scholars, agree that the concept of political secularization is unobserved in the tradition of medieval Islamic thoughts. Yet, this does not mean that there was no concept on political secularization at all during that period. Support for political secularization is, for instance, found in the views of Ibn Taymiyah, one of the prominent Islamic thinkers in the medieval era. For this reason, I am interested in conducting further study on the subject matter in this article. This article employed the method of literature review analysis by examining works by Ibn Taymiyah, particularlyMinhaj al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyah fi naqdh kalam al-Syi’ah wa’l-Qadariyahand other relevant references. In analyzing the collected data, I utilized two approaches: existential phenomenology and historical continuity. This article found that there are at least four impressions in Ibn Taymiyah’s thoughts that may be stated as oriented toward political secularization. Firstly, Ibn Taymiyah understood that imamahis not a matter of religion or faith. Secondly, Ibn Taymiyah stated that Islamic sharia is the responsibility of the ummah not a matter of imamah. Thirdly, Ibn Taymiyah said that the presence of the Prophet Muhammad in this world is merely as a prophet or messenger of God and not as an Imam or political leader. Fourthly, Ibn Taymiyah initiated an electoral mechanism that does not prioritize religious aspects.[Hampir semua Islamis, pengkaji Islam, sepakat bahwa dalam tradisi pemikiran Islam pertengahan tidak dijumpai adanya gagasan sekularisasi politik. Namun, bukan berarti tidak pernah ada gagasan tentang sekularisasi politik dalam tradisi pemikiran politik Islam pertengahan. Dukungan atas sekularisasi politik ini misalnya dapat dijumpai dalam pemikiran Ibn Taymiyah, salah satu dari pemikir Islam pada era pertengahan. Oleh karena itu, penulis tertarik untuk mengkajinya lebih lanjut dalam artikel ini. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kajian berbasis pustaka, yaitu dengan menelaah karya-karya Ibn Taymiyah, terutama Minhaj al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyah fi naqdh kalam al-Syi’ah wa’l-Qadariyah serta referensi-referensi lain yang terkait. Dalam menganalisis data-data yang terkumpul penulis menggunakan dua pendekatan, yaitu: fenomenologi eksistensial dan kesinambungan historis. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa setidaknya ada empat jejak dalam pemikiran Ibn Taymiyah yang dapat dikatakan mengarah pada sekularisasi politik. Pertama, Ibn Taymiyah memahami bahwa imamah bukan merupakan urusan agama atau keimanan. Kedua, Ibn Taymiyah mengatakan bahwa syari’ah Islam adalah tanggungjawab ummah bukan urusan imamah. Ketiga, Ibn Taymiyah mengatakan bahwa keberadaan Nabi Muhammad di dunia ini hanyalah sebagai seorang nabi atau utusan Allah dan bukan sebagai seorang Imam atau pemimpin politik. Keempat, Ibn Taymiyah memunculkan mekanisme pemilihan pemimpin yang tidak mengutamakan sisi agama.]
Konstruksi Pemikiran Candah dalam Jemaat Ahmadiyah (Tinjauan Filsafat Hukum Islam)
Authors: Hasibuan Hamka Husein
Published: March 2018

Candah in the Ahmadiyah congregation is a very substantial matter, in which it entails the sacrifice of wealth/possession(al-tad}h}iyah al-māliyah) by an Ahmadi. This is often misunderstood by non-Ahmadiyah followers due to its similarity to zakat. Candah is Ahmadiyah’s reconstruction of texts pertaining to infaq, by determining the quantity, time period, and institution managing it. The initial aim of candah, initiated by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, was to spread ideas of his Mahdi (prophetic) attributes, that have currently become more extensive. Every Ahmadi believes that giving candah will consequently reinforce their faith and submission.[Candah dalam Jemaat Ahmadiyah merupakan sesuatu yang sangat prinsipil, sebagai bentuk pengorbanan harta (al-taḍḥiyah al-māliyah) dari seorang Ahmadi. Yang dalam banyak hal, sering disalahpahami oleh non-Ahmadiyah, karena kemiripannya dengan zakat. Candah adalah kontruksi ulang Ahmadiyah tehadap nash-nash yang berbicara mengenai infak, dengan menentukan besaran kadar, waktu dan lembaga yang mengelolanya. Tujuan awal candah dicanangkan oleh Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, untuk menyebarkan ide-ide kemahdiannya, yang pada saat sekarang tujuan itu sudah lebih luas. Setiap Ahmadi berkeyakinan, dengan membayar candah keimanan dan keikhlasan mereka akan bertambah kokoh.]
Preservasi Naskah Kuno Koleksi Masjid Agung Surakarta
Authors: Riswinarno Riswinarno
Published: March 2018

This article discusses the preservation of ancient scripts in the Surakarta Grand Mosque collection. A majority of texts are former books that were used as teaching materials at the Manba’ul ‘UlumMadrasah in Surakarta. A madrasah established by the Kasunanan sultanate of Surakarta during the reign of Sri SusuhunanPakubuwono IX (1861-1893). The presence of these texts serves as evidence in the intensity of the sultanate in developing Islam through the education process, hence making them a highly significant source of written history.There are currently 93 scripts in existence, however the conditions require serious preservation efforts. Aside from natural degradation by time, other ecological factors that should be considered in their preservation are quite lacking. Each script has differing conditions, thus the need for special treatment. For that reason, preservation efforts must be undertaken immediately.
Recovery of signal loss adopting the residual bootstrap method in fetal heart rate dynamics
Authors: Lee Sun-Kyung , Park Young-Sun , Cha Kyung-Joon
Published: March 2018

Fetal heart rate (FHR) data obtained from a non-stress test (NST) can be presented in a type of time series, which is accompanied by signal loss due to physical and biological causes. To recover or estimate FHR data, which is subjected to a high rate of signal loss, time series models [second-order autoregressive (AR(2)), first-order autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH(1)) and empirical mode decomposition and vector autoregressive (EMD-VAR)] and the residual bootstrap method were applied. The ARCH(1) model with the residual bootstrap technique was the most accurate [root mean square error (RMSE), 2.065] as it reflects the nonlinearity of the FHR data [mean absolute error (MAE) for approximate entropy (ApEn), 0.081]. As a result, the goal of predicting fetal health and identifying a high-risk pregnancy could be achieved. These trials may be effectively used to save the time and cost of repeating the NST when the fetal diagnosis is impossible owing to a large amount of signal loss.
The Art of Accepting: Ageing-as-art in Max Frisch’s Der Mensch erscheint im Holozän and Lars Gustafsson’s En kakelsättares eftermiddag
Authors: Friberg Ingemar
Published: March 2018

One of Lars Gustafsson’s closest friends among writers in the German language was Max Frisch, whose work Gustafsson admired. In this comparative reading of Frisch’s Der Mensch erscheint im Holozän (1979) and Gustafsson’s En kakelsättares eftermiddag (1991) the latter is examined as an elaborated response to Frisch’s text. The influence of Martin Heidegger’s philosophy on Frisch’s Stiller (1954), Homo faber (1957) and Mein Name sei Gantenbein (1964) has been explored in previous scholarship. In the following reading of Frisch’s novel, Heidegger’s Der Ursprung des Kunstwerkes is also pointed out as an influence. This influence on Frisch’s text is also one of the subjects of the response we find in Gustafsson’s novel. Thus, in the concluding segment of this article Heidegger’s essay is a key text when understanding how Frisch’s novel is absorbed into Gustafsson’s.
Towards the Development of THz-Sensors for the Detection of African Trypanosomes
Authors: Knieß Robert , Wagner Carolin B. , Ulrich Göringer H. , Mueh Mario , Damm Christian , Sawallich Simon , Chmielak Bartos , Plachetka Ulrich , Lemme Max
Published: March 2018

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) for which adequate therapeutic and diagnostic measures are still lacking. Causative agent of HAT is the African trypanosome, a single-cell parasite, which propagates in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of infected patients. Although different testing methods for the pathogen exist, none is robust, reliable and cost-efficient enough to support large-scale screening and control programs. Here we propose the design of a new sensor-type for the detection of infective-stage trypanosomes. The sensor exploits the highly selective binding capacity of nucleic acid aptamers to the surface of the parasite in combination with passive sensor structures to allow an electromagnetic remote read-out using terahertz (THz)-radiation. The short wavelength provides a superior interaction with the parasite cells than longer wavelengths, which is essential for a high sensitivity. We present two different sensor structures using both, micro- and nano-scale elements, as well as different measurement principles.
EU Company Law: Past, Present and … Future?
Authors: Gorriz Carlos
Published: March 2018

As 2018 marks the 50th anniversary of the approval of the first Directive on EU Company Law, it is a good time to review its past and present in order to assess whether its foreseeable future meets the needs of European enterprises. The study of the evolution of EU Company Law demonstrates that its evolution has been discontinuous. It started with a lot of ambition, but suffered a crisis that conditioned its future development: regulated issues were considerably restricted, legal instruments were extended and legislative technique was modified, essentially to circumvent the reservations of the Member States. It could seem that these changes are working, because the Action Plan 2012 is starting to bear fruits. Three legal rules have been approved and several projects are underway. Nonetheless, there are reasons to doubt whether EU Company Law is meeting its objectives: the impact of the new legal rules is minimal, the future of the project is uncertain and, although the bureaucratic burdens have been reduced, there are various needs of European firms, especially those of SMEs, that have not been yet satisfied.
Vergleiche von Zitaten, Downloads und Lesehäufigkeiten
Authors: Schlögl Christian , List Roland
Published: March 2018

Im vorliegenden Beitrag untersuchen wir die Beziehung zwischen Zitaten, Downloads und sog. Lesehäufigkeiten des sozialen Literaturverwaltungssystems „Mendeley“ anhand der beiden Volkswirtschaftslehre-Zeitschriften „Journal of Environ­mental Economics and Management“ und „Journal of Financial Economics“. Trotz Ähnlichkeiten bei den Häufig­keitsverteilungen, konnten wir großteils nur mittlere (Rang)Korrelationen zwischen den drei Zeitschriftenindikatoren berechnen. In den drei Top-10 Rankings kam es zur Überschneidung von nur drei Publikationen. Deutliche Unterschiede gibt es bei den Alters- und Nutzerstrukturen. Während der Großteil der Mendeley-Nutzer Studierende sind, ist der Anteil der Professoren relativ gering. Durch die Mendeley-Profile kann ermittelt werden, aus welchen Disziplinen die Leser einer Zeitschrift kommen. Dies lässt vor allem bei interdisziplinären Zeitschriften wie „Journal of Financial Economics“ interessante Rückschlüsse zu. Ähnlich wie bei Zitaten, gibt es auch bei Downloads und Lesehäufigkeiten disziplinspezifische Unterschiede.
The Evolution of Intracardiac Hemodynamics Post Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in a Case of Multiple Myeloma Associated with Severe Tricuspid and Mitral Valve Insufficiency
Authors: Tudor Cezara-Iuliana , Lázár Erzsébet , Găzdac Marius-Vasile , Pakucs Annamária , Mild Eszter , Köpeczi Judit-Beáta , Kakucs Enikő , Benedek István , Benedek István
Published: March 2018

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can divide and become differentiated. Hematopoietic stem cells cannot transform into new stem cells such as cardiomyocytes or new heart valves, but they act through paracrine effects, by secreting cytokines and growth factors that lead to an increase in contractility and overall improved function. In this case report, we present how autologous stem cell transplantation can bring two major benefits: the first refers to hematological malignancy and the second is about the improvement of the heart condition. We present the case of a 60-year-old patient diagnosed with multiple myeloma suffering from a bi-valve severe condition in which autologous stem cell transplantation led to the remission of the patient’s malignant disease and also improved the heart function.
Securitization and Lithuania’s National Security Change
Authors: Karpavičiūtė Ieva
Published: March 2018

The paper addresses the security threat perception and securitization of existential threats in Lithuania. It focuses upon the securitization theory and its ability to explain the change of national security agendas as affected by the changes in national identity and existential security threats. It takes into account the internal and external factors that are shaping the objective and subjective national threat perception. The paper applies O. Waever’s securitization theory with an aim to explain how the national security threats are being addressed and perceived in Lithuania. Moreover, the paper is developed against the backdrop of the most recent developments in securitization theory and evolution of its theoretical perceptions of identity, existential threats, and legitimacy. It also discusses the possibility of inclusion of hybrid security threats into an analysis of securitization. The empirical part of the article assesses the most recent security challenges, provides evaluation of changes in national security perception, and portrays the dynamics of national security threats as defined in the National Security Strategies and the Military Doctrine. The paper focuses upon the most recent dynamics in security policy of Lithuania. It also takes into account the hybrid nature of security threats and the reaction to hybrid security elements such as: cyber security, information security, and international terrorism.
Lie n superderivations and generalized Lie n superderivations of superalgebras
Authors: Yuan He , Chen Liangyun
Published: March 2018

In the paper, we study Lie n superderivations and generalized Lie n superderivations of superalgebras, using the theory of functional identities in superalgebras. We prove that if A = A
0 ⊕ A
1 is a prime superalgebra with deg(A
1) ≥ 2n + 5, n ≥ 2, then any Lie n superderivation of A is the sum of a superderivation and a linear mapping, and any generalized Lie n superderivation of A is the sum of a generalized superderivation and a linear mapping.
A hybrid neural network – world cup optimization algorithm for melanoma detection
Authors: Razmjooy Navid , Sheykhahmad Fatima Rashid , Ghadimi Noradin
Published: March 2018

One of the most dangerous cancers in humans is Melanoma. However, early detection of melanoma can help us to cure it completely. This paper presents a new efficient method to detect malignancy in melanoma via images. At first, the extra scales are eliminated by using edge detection and smoothing. Afterwards, the proposed method can be utilized to segment the cancer images. Finally, the extra information is eliminated by morphological operations and used to focus on the area which melanoma boundary potentially exists. To do this, World Cup Optimization algorithm is utilized to optimize an MLP neural Networks (ANN). World Cup Optimization algorithm is a new meta-heuristic algorithm which is recently presented and has a good performance in some optimization problems. WCO is a derivative-free, Meta-Heuristic algorithm, mimicking the world’s FIFA competitions. World cup Optimization algorithm is a global search algorithm while gradient-based back propagation method is local search. In this proposed algorithm, multi-layer perceptron network (MLP) employs the problem’s constraints and WCO algorithm attempts to minimize the root mean square error. Experimental results show that the proposed method can develop the performance of the standard MLP algorithm significantly.
Picosecond optical pulse processing using a terahertz-bandwidth reconfigurable photonic integrated circuit
Authors: Xie Yiwei , Zhuang Leimeng , Lowery Arthur J.
Published: March 2018

Chip-scale integrated optical signal processors promise to support a multitude of signal processing functions with bandwidths beyond the limit of microelectronics. Previous research has made great contributions in terms of demonstrating processing functions and device building blocks. Currently, there is a significant interest in providing functional reconfigurability, to match a key advantage of programmable microelectronic processors. To advance this concept, in this work, we experimentally demonstrate a photonic integrated circuit as an optical signal processor with an unprecedented combination of two key features: reconfigurability and terahertz bandwidth. These features enable a variety of processing functions on picosecond optical pulses using a single device. In the experiment, we successfully verified clock rate multiplication, arbitrary waveform generation, discretely and continuously tunable delays, multi-path combining and bit-pattern recognition for 1.2-ps-duration optical pulses at 1550 nm. These results and selected head-to-head comparisons with commercially available devices show our device to be a flexible integrated platform for ultrahigh-bandwidth optical signal processing and point toward a wide range of applications for telecommunications and beyond.
Faktizität als theologische Kategorie
Authors: Ohly Lukas
Published: March 2018

„Faktizität“ bezeichnet in der Fundamentaltheologie der Systematischen Theologie von Eilert Herms das zu-verstehen Gegebensein von etwas, das sich kategorial vom zu-verstehen Gegebenen (Faktum) unterscheidet. Herms erweitert hier eine Einsicht des „schlechthinigen Abhängigkeitsgefühls“ Friedrich Schleiermachers. Obwohl diese Erweiterung eine wichtige Entdeckung für die Fundamentaltheologie darstellt, wird der Begriff der Faktizität bei Herms mit Bedeutungen überfrachtet. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass theologische Topoi, die Herms zu Implikationen der Faktizität erhebt, anderen Momenten der Gotteserfahrung zuzuschreiben sind, um Kategoriefehlern zu vermeiden.
By All Means Necessary – 2.5D and 3D Recording of Surfaces in the Study of Southern Scandinavian Rock Art
Authors: Horn Christian , Ling Johan , Bertilsson Ulf , Potter Rich
Published: March 2018

Southern Scandinavia is Europe’s richest region in terms of figurative rock art. It is imperative to document this cultural heritage for future generations. To achieve this, researchers need to use the most objective recording methods available in order to eliminate human error and bias in the documentation. The ability to collect more data is better, not only for documentation, but also for research purposes. Recent years have seen the wider introduction of image based 2.5D and 3D modelling of rock art surfaces. These methods are Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI), Structure from Motion (SfM), and Optical Laser Scanning (OLS). Importantly, these approaches record depth difference and the structure of engraved lines. Therefore, they have clear advantages over older methods such as frottage (rubbings) and tracing. Based on a number of short case studies, this paper argues that 2.5D and 3D methods should be used as a standard documentation techniques, but not in an exclusionary manner. The best documentation, enabling preservation and high-quality research, should employ all methods. Approaching rock art with all the research tools available we can re-appraise older documentation as well as investigate individual action and the transformation of rock art.
Die pädagogische Dimension in den Gesundheitsberufen
Authors: Bitzer Eva Maria , Warnke Andrea
Published: March 2018

In der gesundheitlichen Versorgung gilt es, chronisch Kranke in ihren Fähigkeiten zu stärken, sich und ihre Erkrankung erfolgreich zu bewältigen bzw. zu managen. Versorgungs- und Case-Management unterstützen diese Prozesse und erfordern von den beteiligten Gesundheitsberufen zunehmend kommunikative und pädagogische Kompetenzen.
Kliniken und Hochschulen müssen umdenken – Karrierewege für Medizinerinnen in der Zukunft
Authors: Oldhafer Martina
Published: March 2018

Die Zukunft der Medizin liegt mehr in der Hand von Frauen und darauf werden sich auch die Kliniken einstellen müssen. Attraktive Arbeitszeitmodelle, Topsharing, bezahlte Forschungszeit und Unterstützungsangebote werden notwendig sein, um Frauen von diesem Weg zu überzeugen. Präsentismus, Silodenken und Hierarchie haben bei Frauen der heutigen Generation keine Lobby mehr. Es geht um mehr als nur Kindergartenplätze und Mentoring-Programme.
Necrosemiosis: The CSI effect
Authors: Gumpert Matthew
Published: March 2018

One might have thought a television genre featuring the human body as the clue to a crime, a sign to be interpreted, was an opportunity to dramatize the struggle of the human intellect in its battle with the unknown. But on CSI this human struggle is supplanted by various prosthetic mechanisms: all-seeing, all-knowing technologies for which there are no mysteries. CSI’s technologies of truth render the human struggle obsolete, and turn forensics as an essentially semiotic labor – the reading of recalcitrant signs – into a charade, a placebo, a perfunctory performance designed to distract us from the real and more sordid work being done. This is the work of necrosemiosis, the displaying and disposing of dead signs – signs with nothing left to signify. Criticism inspired by the CSI effect attempts to debunk CSI’s scientific credentials, or its appeal to jurisprudence. Science (or the law), these studies suggest, is the screen CSI hides behind in order to engage in other, less savory practices (sadism, voyeurism, pornography, etc.). Left unexamined is the possibility that these same practices are also screens in their own right, obscuring the very signifying practices that make them possible: the life and death of signs and sign-systems. This article argues that the body whose death CSI so sanctimoniously mourns, whose dissection it so languorously dwells upon is, finally, that of the sign itself. It is because CSI deals in the signs of carcasses – in human bodies – that we can see them as the carcasses of signs. CSI is not interested in signs as signifying entities; it traffics in the remnants of signs, signs post mortem. This is the essence of necrosemiosis on CSI, which offers not the semiotics of death, but the death of semiotics.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of four Astragalus species growing wild in Turkey
Authors: Albayrak Sevil , Kaya Onur
Published: March 2018

Objective

The objective of the present study was to investigate the phenolic compositions, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of four Astragalus species, two of which are endemic to Turkish flora.

Methods

The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of methanol extracts obtained from four Astragalus species were detected using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric assays. Their phenolic compositions were identified by Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The antioxidant activity was assayed with phosphomolybdenum, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide scavenging, β-carotene bleaching activity, ferric-ion reducing power (FRAP) and cupric ions (Cu2+) reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were studied by agar well-diffusion assay. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts on MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell lines) were determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide) method.

Results

The extracts exerted moderate antioxidant and reducing activity with low phenolic contents. The main component in the extracts was determined as ferulic acid. The extracts demonstrated no antibacterial activity except P. aeruginosa. A. talasseus showed the highest cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 during 48 h.

Conclusion

It is believed that the results of this study will contribute to research recently increasing for the use of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds in many industrial fields such as food, pharmacy and medicine.
Nano-NiZr4(PO4)6 as a superior catalyst for the synthesis of propargylamines under ultrasound irradiation
Authors: Shahbazi-Alavi Hossein , Nazemzadeh Seyed Hadi , Ziarati Abolfazl , Safaei-Ghomi Javad
Published: March 2018

An easy and rapid method for the synthesis of propargylamines has been achieved through a three-component reaction of phenylacetylene, aromatic aldehydes, and morpholine or piperidine using nano-NiZr4(PO4)6 under ultrasound irradiation. Atom economy, a wide range of products, excellent yields in short times, reusability of the catalyst, and low catalyst loading are some of the important features of this protocol.
Axial Monotonic and Cyclic Testing of Micropiles in Loose Sand
Authors: Matos R. , Pinto P. , Rebelo C. , Veljkovic M. , Simões da Silva L.
Published: March 2018

Micropiles, which are small-diameter deep foundation solutions with diameters that can measure up to 300 mm, are often used to reinforce new and existing foundations. Their use in the foundations of structures with high eccentricity, such as wind towers when subjected to wind loads, may lead to more efficient and economical solutions. As the new generation of wind towers will reach more than 150 m tall, very large and uneconomical gravity foundations are required. In regions of high seismicity this problem is aggravated. To evaluate the behavior of micropiles under variable loading and predict the improvement of the reinforced solution, load tests were performed on steel micropiles under controlled laboratory conditions. A total of 36 tests were conducted on 3-m-long pipe micropiles, both while isolated and in 2 by 2 groups, with three different spacings. The micropiles were installed in a cylindrical container filled with calibrated sand and tested under monotonic and cyclic loading, first without grout, then when low-pressure grouted and retested, with the aim to evaluate the improvement caused by the grout injection, the micropile spacing, and application of cyclic loading both in terms of resistance and stiffness. An improvement both in stiffness and resistance due to the grouting was obtained and, for the applied cyclic loading, there was no clear reduction in micropile cyclic stiffness. The presented results provide a tool for the calibration of numerical models to estimate the behavior of real-scale micropiles installed in higher density sand.
Central Network Dynamics Regulating Visceral and Humoral Functions
Authors: Valentino Rita J. , Guyenet Patrice , Hou Xun Helen , Herman Melissa
Published: March 2018

The brain processes information from the periphery and regulates visceral and immune activity to maintain internal homeostasis, optimally respond to a dynamic external environment, and integrate these functions with ongoing behavior. In addition to its relevance for survival, this integration underlies pathology as evidenced by diseases exhibiting comorbid visceral and psychiatric symptoms. Advances in neuroanatomical mapping, genetically specific neuronal manipulation, and neural network recording are overcoming the challenges of dissecting complex circuits that underlie this integration and deciphering their function. Here we focus on reciprocal communication between the brain and urological, gastrointestinal, and immune systems. These studies are revealing how autonomic activity becomes integrated into behavior as part of a social strategy, how the brain regulates innate immunity in response to stress, and how drugs impact emotion and gastrointestinal function. These examples highlight the power of the functional organization of circuits at the interface of the brain and periphery.
Nonhuman Primate Optogenetics: Recent Advances and Future Directions
Authors: Galvan Adriana , Stauffer William R. , Acker Leah , El-Shamayleh Yasmine , Inoue Ken-ichi , Ohayon Shay , Schmid Michael C.
Published: March 2018

Optogenetics is the use of genetically coded, light-gated ion channels or pumps (opsins) for millisecond resolution control of neural activity. By targeting opsin expression to specific cell types and neuronal pathways, optogenetics can expand our understanding of the neural basis of normal and pathological behavior. To maximize the potential of optogenetics to study human cognition and behavior, optogenetics should be applied to the study of nonhuman primates (NHPs). The homology between NHPs and humans makes these animals the best experimental model for understanding human brain function and dysfunction. Moreover, for genetic tools to have translational promise, their use must be demonstrated effectively in large, wild-type animals such as Rhesus macaques. Here, we review recent advances in primate optogenetics. We highlight the technical hurdles that have been cleared, challenges that remain, and summarize how optogenetic experiments are expanding our understanding of primate brain function.
The Analysis of Economic Development GAP Between Regencies in Central Java Provinces
Authors: Irawan Yogyadipratama Panji , Prasetyo P. Eko
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study were (1) to know how the development level of inequality of economic development in Central Java Province according to Williamson Index; (2) determine the extent of the influence of the labor force to the level of economic development of Central Java Province; and (3) know how to influence the allocation of development aid districts / cities to the economic development of Central Java province. This research is a quantitative research used panel data, time series data (years 2002-2011) and cross section (35 districts / cities in Central Java province). The data used in this research is secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The analytical method used is the method of multiple linear regression analysis of panel data with FEM methods used tools Eviews 7 software. Results of the study is to show (1) the economic development gaps between regions in Central Java province which is calculated using Williamson index during the period 2008-2011 showed a widening inequality; (2) the allocation of development aid from the central government uneven and areas that receive aid are too large can increase the level of inequality between regions. This is due to the construction of concentrated to areas that are already developed than areas that are still lagging behind, because the area is developed better facilities from areas not yet developed; and (3) R2 value of 0.9949 means variable variation inequality of economic development in Central Java province can be explained by variables of the labor force and the allocation of regional development funds amounting to 95.5% while the remaining 0.05% is explained by other factors outside the model