bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EL ARTE CONTRACULTURA EN LA DÉCADA DE LOS 80 EN EL PERÚ
Authors: Toledo Gonza Arturo
Published: September 2019

El artículo trata sobre los acontecimientos artísticos sucedidos en el Perú en la década de los 80 en respuesta a los problemas socioculturales de carácter directamente contestatario de un grupo de artistas denominado Huayco, portador de un mensaje visual-conceptual. Es un arma de comunicación, una de las cualidades o su principal cualidad del arte contracultura es que sus propuestas desencajan nítidamente de los patrones escolásticos en el acabado de una obra de arte. De acuerdo con el artista plástico Herbert Rodríguez, las propuestas de contracultura o arte antisistema se originan en Lima, teniendo su punto de partida en las experiencias del "Arte no Objetual" creación que es resultado de la reflexión artística entendida como provocación, compromiso contestatario y enfrentamiento a un orden establecido.
Los NICOLÁS ZAMALVIDES
Authors: Motta Zamalloa Edmundo
Published: September 2019

Mi nombre es Nicolás Zamalvides. Nací en la primavera de 1975 cuando se estaba poniendo el sol y María Cristina se corría hacia la puerta. Mi madre solía decir que tuvo que morder las sábanas para no gritar por los dolores del parto que se aproximaba. Pero a pesar de tales dolores y los ajetreos de la comadrita Estefa Moncada que repartía órdenes para cuando llegara el momento, mi madre pudo fijarse en el cono de luz que entraba por un hueco del tejado y atravesando de lado la penumbra de la habitación alumbró el paso de María Cristina, la mejor ponedora que tuvimos siempre en el solar de Pumanchy, que corría bajando el pico junto al lecho de la parturienta. Nunca se cansaba de recordármelo. Naciste cuando María Cristina buscaba la luz.
KENKO: EL VIAJE A LA SEMILLA
Authors: Motta Zamalloa Edmundo
Published: September 2019

Kenko significa, según Ludovico Bertonio, "cosa tuerta que da buelta". Y según los acabuelos de lengua aymara es "lo torcido", semejante al "camino quebrado en zigzag", que ayuda a encontrar la verdad, la esencia del ser humano, el origen y la identidad del nombre y del hombre. Es una ruta inversa al arco de diferenciación por la que transita el ser visto por la filosofía de occidente. El tema se aborda aquí con un enfoque intercultural.
Los estados financieros y las políticas contables
Authors: Elizalde Letty
Published: September 2019

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad abordar los Estados Financieros según las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera y las políticas contables aplicables. Para cumplir con el objetivo propuesto se recopiló diferente información que aborda los estados financieros para luego realizar una lectura e interpretación de todo el contenido y así poder sustentar la presente investigación. En el análisis de la información recopilada se pudo determinar que los estados financieros, no son más que el resumen de la situación financiera de la entidad, la cual es presentada mediante un informe el cual redacta las cifras expuestas en los mismos estados financieros. Mientras que las políticas contables, no son más que el conjunto de principios, reglas y procedimientos específicos adoptados por una entidad económica para preparar o realizar los estados o documentos contables.
PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM KH. ABDURRAHMAN WAHID DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Tohet Moch.
Published: September 2019

Pendidikan merupakan proses budaya untuk meningkatkan harkat dan martabat manusia yang berlangsung sepanjang hayat. Pendidikan selalu berkembang dan selalu dihadapkan pada perubahan zaman. Untuk itu, mau tak mau pendidikan harus didesain mengikuti irama perubahan tersebut. Apabila pendidikan tidak didesain mengikuti irama perubahan, maka pendidikan akan ketinggalan laju perkembangan zaman itu sendiri. Pendidikan Islam dalam pandangan KH. Abdurrahman Wahid haruslah menjadi pangkalan untuk merebut kembali wilayah-wilayah yang kini sudah mulai lepas. Ia menjadi tumpuan langkah strategis untuk membalik arus yang menggedor pintu pertahanan umat Islam. Sesuatu yang cukup vital adalah membuat sebuah kerangka pemahaman, khususnya dalam pendidikan Islam sehingga mampu menjadi inspirasi dalam mengamalkan ajaran-ajaran Islam yang sifatnya universal. Pemahaman terhadap nilai-nilai ajaran Islam pun menjadi pemahaman yang utuh dan komprehensif
PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MELALUI HAFALAN FURUDHUL AINIYAH DI SMP NURUL JADID PAITON
Authors: Sulistiawati Sulistiawati
Published: September 2019

This research is intended to search and information about the strengthening of Islamic religious education (PAI) through the recitation of furudhul Ainiyah which is carried out in Nurul Jadid Paiton Junior High School. The method of this research is by qualitative method with case study method, to express. That is more intense and deep with the above phenomenon. Technique of completion of data and information is done through interview, observation, study study, and literature study. The findings of this research are 1). Students or students are required to complete the recitation of Furudhul Ainiyah as a condition to take the odd semester and even semester exam and become a requirement for class and graduation increase. 2). the implementation of the furudhul Ainiyah memorization is performed on Thursday and Friday nights and Tuesday nights, and can also be done during normal day breaks, 3). The responsible and recipient of the rote deposit are PAI teachers and their homeroom teachers, 4). For students and students who can not read written Al-qur'an is not subject to rote burden, but get special coaching related to Al-Qur'an reading written by the religious coordinator of students. 5). Memory materials include Aqidah, Fiqih or Amaliyah materials, and daily prayers for students of VII and VIII semerter 1 and 2, while for classes IX semesters 1 and 2 cover the material of the Qur'an and Fiqh. 6). (a). Principal, (b). Vice Principal of the curriculum section, (c). Coordinator of students' religious activities, (d). Teacher / teacher of PAI, (e). Homeroom, (e). Student religious coordinator, (f). Student.
KONSEP DASAR KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Wafi Abdul
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini membahas secara umum tentang konsep dasar kurikulum, karena kurikulum merupakan salah satu komponen yang sangat menentukan dalam suatu sistem pendidikan, karena itu kurikulum merupakan alat untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan dan sekaligus sebagai pedoman dalam pelaksanaan pengajaran pada semua jenis dan tingkat pendidikan. Pendidikan agama Islam bermakna upaya mendidikkan agama Islam atau ajaran Islam dan nilai-nilainya agar  menjadi pandangan dan sikap hidup seseorang. Dari aktivitas mendidikkan agama Islam itu bertujuan  untuk  membantu  seseorang atau  sekelompok  anak didik dalam menanamkan dan atau menumbuhkembangkan ajaran Islam dan nilai-nilainya untuk dijadikan  sebagai  pandangan hidupnya.
PENDEKATAN DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN YANG MENGAKTIFKAN SISWA
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah
Published: September 2019

Guru pada hakekatnya merupakan tenaga kependidikan yang memikul berat tanggung jawab kemanusiaan, khususnya berkaitan dengan proses pendidikan. Pembelajaran merupakan suatu system, yang terdiri dari berbagai komponen yang saling berhubungan satu dengan yang lainnya. Sedangkan belajar adalah proses interaksi terhadap semua situasi yang ada di sekitar individu. Belajar dapat dipandang sebagai proses yang diarahkan kepada tujuan dan proses berbuat melalui berbagai pengalaman. Kegiatan pembelajaran dilakukan oleh dua orang pelaku, yaitu guru dan siswa. Hubungan guru dan siswa harus bersifat dinamis dan syarat dengan makna edukasi. Perilaku guru adalah mengajar dan perilaku siswa adalah belajar. Untuk itu penggunaan pendekatan dan model pembelajaran harus mampu mengaktifkan siswa agar terdapat perubahan pada diri siswa dalam kegiatan belajar.
KARAKTERISTIK PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER; MENJAWAB TANTANGAN MULTIDIMENSIONAL MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Islam Syaiful
Published: September 2019

Pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter di lingkungan pendidikan formal memiliki Pengaruh yang efektif dalam mengatasi fenomena anarkisme, pengenaan kehendak, perkelahian Pelajar, proliferasi pengedar narkoba dan pengguna, krisis lingkungan, krisis moral, dan Berbagai kecenderungan sosial lainnya. Pendidikan formal adalah sistem pendidikan yang terorganisir, terarah, dan terukur. Kurikulum 2013 mengorientasikan dan menekankan pada Penguatan nilai moral, afektif, dan nilai konsep KI-1 (sikap spiritual), KI-2 (Sikap sosial), KI-3 (pengetahuan), dan KI-4 (penerapan pengetahuan). Implementasi dari Pendidikan karakter dalam Kurikulum tahun 2013 dapat dikembangkan dengan mengintegrasikan kognitif, Afektif, dan aspek psikomotor. Selain itu, untuk mendorong dan memfasilitasi realisasi Sinergi antara pendidikan formal, nonformal dan informal, dan mendorong untuk Terus meningkatkan kompetensi dan model peran para pendidik untuk mengimplementasikan Kurikulum 2013
Strategi Skimming dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Baca Siswa pada Kelas XI SMK Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo
Authors: Insiyah Insiyah
Published: September 2019

The objective of this research is to find out the effectiveness of Skimming-Scanning Strategy in improving students reading comprehension. It covered students’ literal, inferential, critical comprehension in three types of text. They were narrative, descriptive, and news item texts. The research applied quasi experimental design. The subject of the research was the second grade students of SMK Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo. The data collected were the students’ reading achievement through test (pretest and posttest). This research was divided into two groups, experimental and control group, the groups consisted of 28 and 27 students, respectively. The result of the data analysis showed that t-test was higher than t-table (6.373>2.000) or Pvalue (Sig.) was smaller than alpha (0.000 < 0.05). It meant that mean score of the experimental group was higher than the control group
METODE PENANAMAN NILAI-NILAI MULTIKULTURAL PADA SISWA KELAS RENDAH (STUDI PADA MI DI MWCNU LP. MAARIF KRAKSAAN)
Authors: Bukhori Imam
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the research is to describe the methods of multicultural values implanting for early students in madrasah ibtidaiyahs on MWCNU LP Ma’arif Kraksaan subdistrict. The method that used to succeed the implanting of multicultural values are story telling, playing, study tour, inuring, modelling and reading poems. The most used method is story telling and inuring. The using of those methods are to give mutual understanding for the multicultural values such as openness, humanity, tolerance, mutually help, justness, equality and brotherhood, good thought, and have a great affection to the nation. By using those methods, the students behaviour could be changeable from refusing the others that differents become accepting and friendly with the others.  The constrains also appear while impalnting multicultural values, such as the lack of knowledge in story telling techniques media used by teachers, the inconsistency of posture in school and the circumstances where the students live.
INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK MENGGUNAKAN METODE ROLE PLAY DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Ansori Ansori
Published: September 2019

The use of various methods will greatly help students in achieving learning goals. As role play method is one way mastery of learning materials through the development of imagination and appreciation of students on learning materials. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. To analyze the data in this research using data analysis technique of Miles and Huberman model that is data reduction (Data Reduction), data presentation (Data Display) and conclusion (Conclution Drawing / verification) The findings in this research is innovation of role play method can change paradigm to the new paradigm so that the role of the teacher is more as a facilitator, counselor, consultant, and comrade study Flexible schedule, open as needed Learning directed by students themselves Problem-based, project, real world, real action, and reflection Design and investigation. Computers as tools, and dynamic media presentations.
Analisa Materi Pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam Madrasah Aliyah Kelas XI dan Relevansinya di Indonesia
Authors: Masulah Siti
Published: September 2019

One part of the subjects of national education is Islamic education. As for the grouping of Islamic teachings in the form of subjects in Madrasah ranging from Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI), Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs), and Madrasah Aliyah (MA), there are subjects devoted to religious specialization. At the level of Madrasah Aliyah (MA), the specialization of the Religious sciences was developed in the form of study-specific subjects and there were also subjects that served as supporters such as the subjects of Islamic Cultural History. In this paper, the author analyzes the student manual for the subjects of Islamic Culture History class XI (Scientific Approach Curriculum 2013) using an analytical study approach in terms of the order of subject matter in the book and the double movement hermeneutics study approach ala Fazlur Rahman. The results of this study explain that the SKI subjects have been elaborated with clear and detailed indicators, but the subject matter of the SKI has not provided an analysis description for the development of scientific insights of students in answering the actual problems, for example, the plurality that characterizes the Indonesian nation. Therefore, the SKI study must involve Fazlur Rahman's hermeneutic analysis and Nietzsche's critical history analysis to read past phenomena to build on current progress in accordance with the mandate of National Education System Law No. 20 of 2003.
Perbandingan Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning dan Talking Stick terhadap Hasil Belajar
Authors: Arifin Zainal
Published: September 2019

Based on the statement of the problem how the comparison of students learning out comes used Learning model Discovery Learning and Talking Stick. Cooperative Learning model Discovery Learning and Talking Stick are one of model that are usually used in the mathematic Learning the advantage of them are can stimulate the development ability to think creatively and comprehensive, and stimulate student in order to more achre study. The purpose of this research was to know what it is there or no the comparison cooperative learning model Discovery Learning and Talking Stick of learning out come. The kind of this research was quantitative research with using the true experimental design post-test only control design. Before The researcher analysis data, I used the normality test and homogeneity test hypothesis test in data’s analysis. From the analysis result obtained the average value of class that was given cooperative Learning model type Talking Stick (control class) was higher than average role of class that was given cooperative learning model Discovery Learning (experiment class) by using the 5% error test then obtained -0,74<1.68, so t count t-table. The conclusion Ho was accepted, it mean that there was comparison cooperative Learning model Discovery Learning and Talking Stick to learning outcome.
Peran Teknologi dalam Pendidikan di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Lestari Sudarsri
Published: September 2019

The aim of the government in organizing education is to educate the life of the nation. Intelligence is needed by everyone to face the times that have entered the era of globalization.Education in the global era can be interpreted as the integration of national education into world education. In the era of globalization, the progress of the nation is largely determined by the use of science and technology. Technology that is developing now has entered the digital era, where all fields have utilized technology to facilitate work, including in the field of education. Educational technology is a system that is used to support learning so that desired results are achieved. The role of technology in education is implemented in the use of learning media,administrative tools, and lerning resources. The positive impact of technology implementation in education is more efficient in terms of time, cost, logistics and other institutional problems, while the negative impact is that technology can change social life.
Organ Shortage, Will People's Knowledge be a Path to the Solution?
Authors: Félix Cantarovich
Published: September 2019

Organ shortage transforming death into life, which is what organ transplants symbolize, needs the end of somebody life, a scientific miracle of our times, but as well a social problem. Prejudices or ignorance inhibits to offering life to another human being. The consequence of this conflicting situation is that patients waiting for transplantation, “unfairly” die every day. States and Social Security should be involved in this problem. Programming efficient education will be important for change social conduct towards organ donation. As well, several studies emphasize the persistence of an insufficient university medical teams training in transplantation. Organ shortage and waiting lists patient’s mortality is a failure of social communication on organ donation and transplantation. Proposals to review social and university education in current organ shortage crisis might be an ethical duty for states health and education officials. Solidarity is a positive people’s feeling, nevertheless faced with death of a loved one; it does not seem to be an enough reason to justify authorization to donate. For many people, organ donation represents a perverse and unjustified action of mutilation. Considering the negative reactions that often can occur in the moment in which the alternative of deciding the donation of organs of a loved one is presented; we have proposed the inclusion in the social education plans the following concepts: • Organ shortage is a health emergency. • Throughout our lives, we might need organ or tissue transplantation. • Our body after death is a unique source of health to be shared. • Organ donation meant to” share life” more than “to gift life”. • Organ donation should be a social agreement. • People should know the social risks involved in establishing economic incentives for donation. This analysis is made to provide a basic knowledge of a vital medical crisis, and to suggest to decision makers of educational programs useful suggestions for this serious problem. In addition, and very particularly this work is directed to the Society, the main protagonist of this problem, requiring to receiving a correct and detailed information on the dilemma of the lack of organs, in quest that the donation decision will be an act of full awareness. A french philosopher, Jean Rostand has said "To dream you have to know".
Integrated teaching for vocational knowing: A systematic review of research on nursing-related vocational education and training
Authors: Christidis Maria
Published: September 2019

The aim for this review was to systematize, describe and critically analyse previous research concerning school-based integrated teaching for vocational knowing in nursingrelated training in upper secondary and in higher level education. Searches were conducted in four databases, two specifically for Swedish hits, and two for international hits. Also, search was made in a Nordic journal on vocational education and training. References in included studies were also assessed for further inclusion of studies. Altogether, 14 studies were included and assessed for quality and coherence with GRADE CERQual. Review findings comprised three types of integrated teaching, through embeddedness or streaks, problem-based learning, and between school and workplace; vocational knowing relating to a professional and academic context; and methodological significance for the vocational knowing highlighted in the studies. In conclusion, the methodological approach typically used in the primary studies related to a quantitative approach, which was also discerned as quality measure. The primary studies brought forward a partial understanding of integrated teaching and vocational knowing, which is dependent on the methodological approach. In order to enhance understanding about the research topic, there is a need for more studies on integrated teaching utilizing a qualitative approach.
Pre-Anthesis Nutritional Status of Spelt Wheat as a Tool for Predicting the Attainable Grain Yield
Authors: Grzebisz Witold , Barłóg Przemysław , Kryszak Jan , Łukowiak Remigiusz
Published: September 2019

The nutrient content in leaves of spelt wheat at late heading is crucial for the development of its yield components, and in consequence, grain yield. This hypothesis was verified based on data from long-term field experiments with four potassium (K) treatments based on the progressive K supply potential to plants from soil and fertilizer and two magnesium treatments (−Mg, +Mg). The number of ears (NE) and the number of grains per ear (NGE) responded significantly to the increased K and Mg supply. The grain yield was positively correlated with NGE. A shortage of N and Mg resulted in a lower NGE, whereas a shortage of N and Zn, concomitant with an excess of Ca, resulted in a significant decrease in NGE and thousand-grain weight. This effect can be diminished by the increased content of Mg. It has been revealed that the content of Zn in leaves of spelt wheat at heading is an important nutritional factor effectively controlling N, P and Fe contents in grain, and consequently, grain yield. This study showed that the content of nutrients in spelt leaves measured just before anthesis can be used for reliable prediction of the grain yield.
What Are the Positives? Exploring Positive Welfare Indicators in a Qualitative Interview Study with Livestock Farmers
Authors: Vigors Belinda , Lawrence Alistair
Published: September 2019

To support the furtherance of positive animal welfare, there is a need to develop meaningful and practical positive welfare indicators for on-farm welfare assessment. Considering the perspectives of farmers is arguably critical in this regard. Doing so helps ensure positive welfare indicators reflect farmers’ existing welfare norms and attitudes and, are thus, of practical relevance to them. However, a key issue for such development is the dearth of knowledge on farmers’ perspectives of positive welfare. To address this, this study uses qualitative interviews to directly examine livestock farmers’ perspectives of positive welfare. Findings reveal that farmers describe elements of positive welfare which are broadly in line with indicators suggested in the positive welfare literature. These elements include animal autonomy, play, positive affect, positive human-animal relationships, social interaction, and appropriate genetic selection. Additionally, this study finds that farmers construct the reduction of negative aspects of welfare as their primary management concern and mostly construct positive welfare as arising indirectly from this. Insights into the importance that farmers of different sectors and systems give to different aspects of positive welfare indicators are also explored. The implications of these findings and the similitudes between farmers’ perspectives and the positive welfare literature are discussed.
Effects of Adding Various Silage Additives to Whole Corn Crops at Ensiling on Performance, Rumen Fermentation, and Serum Physiological Characteristics of Growing-Finishing Cattle
Authors: Zhang Yawei , Zhao Xiangwei , Chen Wanbao , Zhou Zhenming , Meng Qingxiang , Wu Hao
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying various silage additives to whole corn crops at ensiling on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and blood physiology in growing–finishing bulls. Sixty Simmental × Yellow Cattle crossbred bulls were blocked by initial body weight (BW; 324.0 ± 5.4 kg) into 15 blocks. Animals in each block were randomly assigned to one of four diets formulated based on the following corn silage: control (CON), inoculated with complex lactic acid bacteria (CLB), ensilaged with mixed organic acid salts (MS), and ensilaged with CLB and MS (CLBMS). The feeding experiment lasted over 155 days, with an additional 7 days for adaptation. The results showed that bulls fed CLB-inoculated silage had greater (p < 0.05) daily dry matter intake than the other groups. The experimental treatment had no significant effect on average daily gain (p = 0.33) and feed-to-gain ratio (p = 0.13), although bulls fed CLB-inoculated silage had a larger numeric average daily gain. All additive-treated silage increased ruminal NH3–N content (p < 0.05) and reduced the acetate-to-propionate ratio (p < 0.05) of bulls compared with the control group. Bulls fed CLB-inoculated silage had a lower ruminal pH value (p < 0.05) than that of the other groups. Compared with the control group, bulls fed CLB-inoculated silage had greater blood cholesterol, albumin, and urea nitrogen (p < 0.05). Blood physiological responses were similar in bulls fed MS-treated and control silage, whereas those in cattle fed CLBMS-treated silage were between bulls fed CLB- and MS-treated silages and more similar to the former. Taking animal performance and cost effectiveness into consideration, the application of CLB alone to whole corn crops at ensiling appears to be a better choice compared with the application of either MS alone or both of them together.
Multiple Domestication Centers Revealed by the Geographical Distribution of Chinese Native Pigs
Authors: Cai Yuan , Quan Jinqiang , Gao Caixia , Ge Qianyun , Jiao Ting , Guo Yongbo , Zheng Wangshan , Zhao Shengguo
Published: September 2019

Previous studies have shown that Southeast Asian pigs were independently domesticated from local wild boars. However, the domestication of Chinese native pigs remains a subject of debate. In the present study, phylogenetic analysis of Chinese native pigs was performed by screening for haplotypes inferred from a phylogenetic tree of pig mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences based on sequence-specific mutations. A total of 2466 domestic pigs formed 124 haplotypes and were assigned to four clades. Clade A comprised pigs distributed mainly in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas; these pigs clustered into three groups. The pigs of clade B were mainly from the Mekong River Basin in Yunnan Province and had been exposed to genetic infiltration from European populations. Clade C comprised pigs mainly from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The pigs of clade D were distributed mainly at the intersection of Yunnan, Sichuan, and Gansu provinces east of the Hengduan Mountains (YSGH). Compared with wild boar, at least three domestication centers and one expansion center of pigs in China were detected. Among the four centers detected, two were for Tibetan pigs and were in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and at the YSGH intersection, and the other two were in the Mekong River Basin in Yunnan Province and the middle and downstream regions of the Yangtze River.
Genetic Parameter Estimation and Genomic Prediction of Duroc Boars’ Sperm Morphology Abnormalities
Authors: Zhao Yunxiang , Gao Ning , Cheng Jian , El-Ashram Saeed , Zhu Lin , Zhang Conglin , Li Zhili
Published: September 2019

Artificial insemination (AI) has been used globally as a routine technology in the swine production industry. However, genetic parameters and genomic prediction accuracy of semen traits have seldom been reported. In this study, we estimated genetic parameters and conducted genomic prediction for five types of sperm morphology abnormalities in a large Duroc boar population. The estimated heritability of the studied traits ranged from 0.029 to 0.295. In the random cross-validation scenario, the predictive ability ranged from 0.212 to 0.417 for genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) and from 0.249 to 0.565 for single-step GBLUP (ssGBLUP). In the forward prediction scenario, the predictive ability ranged from 0.069 to 0.389 for GBLUP and from 0.085 to 0.483 for ssGBLUP. In conclusion, the studied sperm morphology abnormalities showed moderate to low heritability. Both GBLUP and ssGBLUP showed comparative predictive abilities of breeding values, and ssGBLUP outperformed GBLUP under many circumstances in respect to predictive ability. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the genetic parameters and genomic predictive ability of these traits were reported in such a large Duroc boar population.
Effects of Maternal Low-Protein Diet on Microbiota Structure and Function in the Jejunum of Huzhu Bamei Suckling Piglets
Authors: Jin Jipeng , Zhang Liping , Jia Jianlei , Chen Qian , Yuan Zan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Sun Weibo , Ma Cunming , Xu Fafang , Zhan Shoujun , Ma Limin , Zhou Guihua
Published: September 2019

The jejunum is the primary organ for digestion and nutrient absorption in mammals. The development of the jejunum in suckling piglets directly affects their growth performance post-weaning. The jejunum microbiome plays an important role in proliferation, metabolism, apoptosis, immune, and homeostasis of the epithelial cells within the organ. The composition and diversity of the gut microbiome is susceptible to the protein composition of the diet. Therefore, the effects of maternal low-protein diets on piglets’ intestinal microbial structure and function have become a hot topic of study. Herein, a maternal low-protein diet was formulated to explore the effects on jejunum microbiome composition and metabolic profiles in Bamei suckling piglets. Using 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing in conjunction with bioinformatics analysis, 21 phyla and 297 genera were identified within the gut microflora. The top 10 phyla and 10 genera are within the gut bacteria. Next, KEGG analysis showed that the low-protein diet significantly increased the gut microbial composition, transport and catabolism, immune system, global and overview maps, amino acid metabolism, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, endocrine system, biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, signal transduction, environmental adaptation, and cell motility. Taken together, low-protein diets do not appear to affect the reproductive performance of Bamei sows but improved the gut microbiome of the suckling piglets as well as reduced the probability of diarrhea. The data presented here provide new insights on the dietary protein requirements to support the Huzhu Bamei pig industry.
A Solution Approach for UAV Fleet Mission Planning in Changing Weather Conditions
Authors: Thibbotuwawa Amila , Bocewicz Grzegorz , Zbigniew Banaszak , Nielsen Peter
Published: September 2019

With a rising demand for utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to deliver materials in outdoor environments, particular attention must be given to all the different aspects influencing the deployment of UAVs for such purposes. These aspects include the characteristics of the UAV fleet (e.g., size of fleet, UAV specifications and capabilities), the energy consumption (highly affected by weather conditions and payload) and the characteristics of the network and customer locations. All these aspects must be taken into account when aiming to achieve deliveries to customers in a safe and timely manner. However, at present, there is a lack of decision support tools and methods for mission planners that consider all these influencing aspects together. To bridge this gap, this paper presents a decomposed solution approach, which provides decision support for UAVs’ fleet mission planning. The proposed approach assists flight mission planners in aerospace companies to select and evaluate different mission scenarios, for which flight-mission plans are obtained for a given fleet of UAVs, while guaranteeing delivery according to customer requirements in a given time horizon. Mission plans are analyzed from multiple perspectives including different weather conditions (wind speed and direction), payload capacities of UAVs, energy capacities of UAVs, fleet sizes, the number of customers visited by a UAV on a mission and delivery performance. The proposed decision support-driven declarative model supports the selection of the UAV mission planning scenarios subject to variations on all these configurations of the UAV system and variations in the weather conditions. The computer simulation based experimental results, provides evidence of the applicability and relevance of the proposed method. This ultimately contributes as a prototype of a decision support system of UAVs fleet-mission planning, able to determine whether is it possible to find a flight-mission plan for a given fleet of UAVs guaranteeing customer satisfaction under the given conditions. The mission plans are created in such a manner that they are suitable to be sent to Air Traffic Control for flight approval.
Simple Assessment of Height and Length of Flight in Complex Gymnastic Skills: Validity and Reliability of a Two-Dimensional Video Analysis Method
Authors: Schärer Christoph , von Siebenthal Luca , Lomax Ishbel , Gross Micah , Taube Wolfgang , Hübner Klaus
Published: September 2019

In artistic gymnastics, the possibility of using 2D video analysis to measure the peak height (hpeak) and length of flight (L) during routine training in order to monitor the execution and development of difficult elements is intriguing. However, the validity and reliability of such measurements remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, the hpeak and L of 38 vaults, performed by top-level gymnasts, were assessed by 2D and 3D analysis in order to evaluate criterion validity and both intrarater and interrater reliability of the 2D method. Validity calculations showed higher accuracy for hpeak (±95% LoA: ±3.6% of average peak height) than for L (±95% LoA: ±7.6% of average length). Minor random errors, but no systematic errors, were observed in the examination of intrarater reliability (hpeak: CV% = 0.44%, p = 0.81; L: CV% = 0.87%, p = 0.14) and interrater reliability (hpeak: CV% = 0.51%, p = 0.55; L: CV% = 0.72%, p = 0.44). In conclusion, the validity and reliability of the 2D method are deemed sufficient (particularly for hpeak, but with some limitations for L) to justify its use in routine training of the vault. Due to its simplicity and low cost, this method could be an attractive monitoring tool for gymnastics coaches.
Effect of Extraction Method and Thermosonication on Apple Juice Quality
Authors: Nadulski Rafał , Kobus Zbigniew , Wilczyński Kamil , Sobczak Paweł , Panasiewicz Marian , Żukiewicz-Sobczak Wioletta , Szparaga Agnieszka
Published: September 2019

This paper presents the results of a study on the influence of juice extraction and thermosonication methods on the content of microorganisms in juices stored under refrigeration and in ambient temperature. It was determined that the type of extraction device used influenced the content of microorganisms in juice. The lowest total content of mesophilic microorganisms was obtained in juice extracted on a piston press, and the highest was obtained using a centrifuge. The additional purpose was to evaluate the influence of ultrasonic treatment on selected parameters of apple juice quality: cloud value, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and anthocyanin content. The ultrasound treatment of juice from the piston press was conducted at two levels of radiated sonic power so as to obtain sublethal and lethal temperatures of the juice. It was demonstrated that only ultrasound treatment within the range of lethal temperatures was sufficient to deactivate microorganisms. It was determined that thermosonication did not influence the deterioration of chemical properties of juices, with the exception of decreased anthocyanin content. The described method enables prolongation of the shelf life of fresh apple juice under refrigeration to 168 hours (7 days).
Elemental Composition of Biochar Obtained from Agricultural Waste for Soil Amendment and Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Wijitkosum Saowanee , Jiwnok Preamsuda
Published: September 2019

For an agricultural country such as Thailand, converting agricultural waste into biochar offers a potential solution to manage massive quantities of crop residues following harvest. This research studied the structure and chemical composition of biochar obtained from cassava rhizomes, cassava stems and corncobs, produced using a patented locally-manufactured biochar kiln using low-cost appropriate technology designed to be fabricated locally by farmers. The research found that cassava stems yielded the highest number of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area in the biochar product, while chemical analysis indicated that corncobs yielded the highest amount of C (81.35%). The amount of H in the corncob biochar was also the highest (2.42%). The study also showed biochar produced by slow pyrolysis was of a high quality, with stable C and low H/C ratio. Biochar’s high BET surface area and total pore volume makes it suitable for soil amendment, contributing to reduced soil density, higher soil moisture and aeration and reduced leaching of plant nutrients from the rhizosphere. Biochar also provides a conducive habitat for beneficial soil microorganisms. The findings indicate that soil incorporation of biochar produced from agricultural crop residues can enhance food security and mitigate the contribution of the agricultural sector to climate change impacts.
NewApproach to Predict the Motion Characteristics of Single Bubbles in Still Water
Authors: Deng Bin , Chin Ren Jie , Tang Yao , Jiang Changbo , Lai Sai Hin
Published: September 2019

Under the action of gravity, buoyancy, and surface tension, bubbles generated by wave breaking will rupture and polymerize, causing the occurrence of high-speed jets and strong turbulence in nearby water bodies, which in turn affects sea–air exchange, sediment transport, and pollutant movement. These interactions are closely related to the shape and velocity changes in single bubbles. Therefore, understanding the motion characteristics of single bubbles is essential. In this research, a large number of experiments were carried out to serve this purpose. The experimental data were used to develop three machine learning models for the bubble final velocity, bubble drag coefficient, and bubble shape, respectively. The performance of the feed forward back propagation neural network (FBNN) models for the final velocity and drag coefficient were evaluated. The coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean squared error (RMSE) value of final velocity prediction model was recorded at 0.83 and 0.0518, respectively. Meanwhile, for the drag coefficient prediction model, the values are 0.92 for R2 and 0.1534 for RMSE. The models can provide a more accurate output if compared to that from the empirical formulas. K-nearest neighbours (KNN), logistic regression, and random forest were applied as the algorithm while developing the bubble shape classification model. The best performance is achieved by the logistic regression.
Deflection Reduction Shaping Commands with Asymmetric First-Order Actuators
Authors: Sung Yoon-Gyung , Kim Chang-Lae
Published: September 2019

In this paper, two approaches for generating deflection reduction shaping commands are proposed to reduce the transient and residual deflections of flexible systems subject to asymmetric first-order actuators. The commands are limited-state in that they consist of two positive actuations of different magnitudes and one negative actuation, similar to on-off-on commands. Standard on–off commands that are commonly used in robots, cranes, and spacecrafts can degrade the control performance of conventional input-shaped commands and cause detrimental damage resulting from large transient deflections of flexible structures due to asymmetric first-order actuators. Therefore, to cope with the performance degradation resulting from the effects of first-order actuators, an approximated closed-form solution and a numerically optimized approach for deflection reduction shaping commands are presented with an exponential function, final impulse magnitude modification of an input shaper is determined by a transient deflection constraint and a phasor vector approach. The performance assessment showed that the approximated analytical approach has an advantage in real-time control applications. The characteristics of the proposed deflection reduction shaping commands are analyzed with respect to system parameters, deflection reduction ratios, and actuator time constants. The proposed command shaping techniques are numerically evaluated using a pendulum system and are experimentally validated on a mini-bridge crane.
Integrated DVB-X2 Receiver Architecture with Common Acceleration Engine
Authors: Lee Youn-Sung , Kook Joongjin
Published: September 2019

This paper proposes an integrated DVB-X2 receiver architecture to support multi-mode broadcasting standards such as DVB-T2, DVB-C2, and DVB-S2 in a single platform. The entire system consists of a tuner block, a H/W-based receiver engine, a frame processor, and an A/V decoder. Specifically, an integrated architecture to solve key design and technical issues such as reducing the complexity of the receiver, efficiently accessing the H/W-based receiver engine, and simplifying an OFDM demodulator is proposed. The H/W-based receiver engine for DVB-X2 demodulation and channel decoding functions is implemented in two FPGA devices. The frame processor is implemented with 256 MB memory and a DSP operating at a clock speed of 1.0 GHz. To verify functionalities of the proposed DVB-X2 receiver, various test scenarios were considered in the laboratory setting. In particular, the proposed system was tested under various operating modes, as specified in standards such as DVB-T2, DVB-C2, and DVB-S2, and demonstrated successful operations in all test scenarios.
Which Local Search Operator Works Best for the Open-Loop TSP?
Authors: Sengupta Lahari , Mariescu-Istodor Radu , Fränti Pasi
Published: September 2019

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) has been widely studied for the classical closed-loop variant. However, very little attention has been paid to the open-loop variant. Most of the existing studies also focus merely on presenting the overall optimization results (gap) or focus on processing time, but do not reveal much about which operators are more efficient to achieve the result. In this paper, we present two new operators (link swap and 3–permute) and study their efficiency against existing operators, both analytically and experimentally. Results show that while 2-opt and relocate contribute equally in the closed-loop case, the situation changes dramatically in the open-loop case where the new operator, link swap, dominates the search; it contributes by 50% to all improvements, while 2-opt and relocate have a 25% share each. The results are also generalized to tabu search and simulated annealing.
An Improved Autoencoder and Partial Least Squares Regression-Based Extreme Learning Machine Model for Pump Turbine Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Chu , Peng Tian , Zhou Jianzhong , Ji Jie , Wang Xiaolu
Published: September 2019

Complete characteristic curves of a pump turbine are fundamental for improving the modeling accuracy of the pump turbine in a pump turbine governing system. In view of the difficulty in modeling the “S” characteristic region of the complete characteristic curves in the pump turbine, a novel Autoencoder and partial least squares regression based extreme learning machine model (AE-PLS-ELM) was proposed to describe the pump turbine characteristics. First, a mathematical model was formulated to describe the flow and moment characteristic curves. The improved Suter transformation was employed to transfer the original curves into WH and WM curves. Second, the ELM-Autoencoder technique and the partial least squares regression (PLSR) method were introduced to the architecture of the original ELM network. The ELM-Autoencoder technique was employed to obtain the initial weights of the Autoencoder based extreme learning machine (AE-ELM) model. The PLS method was exploited to avoid the multicollinearity problem of the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse. Lastly, the effectiveness of the proposed AE-PLS-ELM model has been verified using real data from a pumped storage unit in China. The results demonstrated that the AE-PLS-ELM model can obtain better modeling accuracy and generalization performance than the traditional models and, thus, can be exploited as an effective and sufficient approach for the modeling of pump turbine characteristics.
Air Quality Impacts of Smoke from Hazard Reduction Burns and Domestic Wood Heating in Western Sydney
Authors: Desservettaz Maximilien , Phillips Frances , Naylor Travis , Price Owen , Samson Stephanie , Kirkwood John , Paton-Walsh Clare
Published: September 2019

Air quality was measured in Auburn, a western suburb of Sydney, Australia, for approximately eighteen months during 2016 and 2017. A long open-path infrared spectrometer sampled path-averaged concentrations of several gaseous species, while other pollutants such as PM 2.5 and PM 10 were sampled by a mobile air quality station. The measurement site was impacted by a number of indoor wood-heating smoke events during cold winter nights as well as some major smoke events from hazard reduction burning in the spring of 2017. In this paper we compare the atmospheric composition during these different smoke pollution events and assess the relative overall impact on air quality from domestic wood-heaters and prescribed forest fires during the campaign. No significant differences in the composition of smoke from these two sources were identified in this study. Despite the hazard reduction burning events causing worse peak pollution levels, we find that the overall exposure to air toxins was greater from domestic wood-heaters due to their higher frequency and total duration. Our results suggest that policy-makers should place a greater focus on reducing wood-smoke pollution in Sydney and on communicating the issue to the public.
Modeling Climate Change Impacts on Rice Growth and Yield under Global Warming of 1.5 and 2.0 °C in the Pearl River Delta, China
Authors: Guo Yahui , Wu Wenxiang , Du Mingzhu , Liu Xiaoxuan , Wang Jingzhe , Bryant Christopher Robin
Published: September 2019

In this study, the potential climate change impacts on rice growth and rice yield under 1.5 and 2.0 °C warming scenarios, respectively, are simulated using the Ceres-Rice Model based on high-quality, agricultural, experimental, meteorological and soil data, and the incorporation of future climate data generated by four Global Climate Models (GCMs) in the Pearl River Delta, China. The climatic data is extracted from four Global Climate Models (GCMs) namely: The Community Atmosphere Model 4 (CAM4), The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts-Hamburg 6 (ECHAM6), Model for Interdisciplinary Research On Climate 5 (MIROC5) and the Norwegian Earth System Model 1 (NorESM1). The modeling results show that climate change has major negative impacts on both rice growth and rice yields at all study sites. More specifically, the average of flowering durations decreases by 2.8 days (3.9 days), and the maturity date decreases by 11.0 days (14.7 days) under the 1.5 °C and (2.0 °C) warming scenarios, respectively. The yield for early mature rice and late mature rice are reduced by 292.5 kg/ha (558.9 kg/ha) and 151.8 kg/ha (380.0 kg/ha) under the 1.5 °C (2.0 °C) warming scenarios, respectively. Adjusting the planting dates of eight days later and 15 days earlier for early mature rice and late mature rice are simulated to be adaptively effective, respectively. The simulated optimum fertilizer amount is about 240 kg/ha, with different industrial fertilizer and organic matter being applied.