bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kecerdasan Emosional dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis pada Materi Bangun Datar di Kelas Tinggi Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nurhayati Lala , Maula Luthfi Hamdani , Nurasiah Iis
Published: November 2021

Peserta didik memiliki rasa ketakutan dan kesulitan dalam pembelajaran matematika. Hal ini terjadi karena abstraksi pembelajaran matematika sulit dipecahkan dan metode mengajar yang tidak tepat. Pembelajaran matematika yang membutuhkan pikiran dan analisis yang tinggi seharusnya dimulai dari pemberian motivasi agar peserta didik menjadi rileks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kecerdasan emosional dan kemampuan berpikir kritis pada materi bangun datar di kelas tinggi  sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian asosiatif dengan desain korelasional dan teknik survei untuk mengetahui hubungan sebab-akibat antarvariable tanpa adanya tindakan dari peneliti. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas IV dengan jumlah 171 populasi. Dengan teknik pemilihan sampel purposive sampling maka sampel yang diperoleh berjumlah 64 sampel. Berdasarkan analisis data kuantitatif deskrptif, maka diperoleh hasil nilai Sig F Change <0,001 < 0,05 maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif  dengan hasil 0,411 > daripada 0,246,  sehingga koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,411 yang berkategori derajat hubungan sedang. Hal tersebut dapat dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata  skor yang menunjukkan kategori baik yaitu kecerdasan emosional 73,1 dengan persentase 86,00%, sedangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis 73,0 dengan persentase 91,00%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kecerdasan emosional berhubungan dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Untuk meningkatakan kemampuan berpikir kritis, siswa harus mampu mengontrol emosi dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran.
Peran Orang Tua dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Hamida Siti , Putra Elpri Darta
Published: November 2021

Pandemi covid-19 memberikan dampak terhadap Pendidikan, yaitu salah satunya rendahnya motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas IV Sekolah Dasar, dengan subjek 3 siswa dan 3 orang tua siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran orang tua dalam motivasi belajar siswa adalah sebagai berikut. Subjek pertama, orang tua memiliki peran yang tinggi dalam motivasi belajar siswa. Subjek memiliki motivasi belajar yang tinggi. Subjek kedua, orang tua memiliki peran memotivasi belajar siswa yang rata-rata. Subjek memiliki motivasi belajar yang rata-rata. Subjek ketiga, peran orang tua dalam memotivasi belajar siswa cukup rendah.Subjek memiliki motivasi belajar yang cukup rendah. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa orang tua memiliki peran penting untuk mengembangkan kemampuan anak-anaknya. Orang tua adalah yang pertama dan pendidik utama dalam lingkungan keluarga. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya yang maksimal agar anak terdidik dalam segala aspek dan meningkatkan peran orang tua sebagai pendidik dalam keluarga. Keterlibatan orang tua dalam pendidikan anaknya memotivasi mereka dengan cepat. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak terhadap peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa.
Model Daycare Berbasis Attachment di Perkantoran
Authors: Lina Roza , Mahyuddin Nenny
Published: November 2021

Berbagai kondisi orangtua yang mempunyai anak usia dini terutama yang berumur 0-2 tahun yang bekerja di kantor dalam mengasuh, merawat begitu juga dengan pemberian ASI berdampak terhadap attachment (kelekatan). Tujuan dari pengembangan ini menghasilkan buku panduan daycare perkantoran berbasis attachment yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Adapun partisipan adalah pegawai yang mempunyai anak usia dini (0 - 6 tahun) sebanyak 16 orang dan pejabat di lingkungan perkantoran sebanyak 4 orang. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan yang menggunakan model 4-D terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan, dan penyebaran dengan metode pengumpulan data yaitu melalui observasi, wawancara, menyebarkan instrumen dan dokumentasi. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa angket untuk uji validitas, praktikalitas, dan efektifitas. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skala Likert dan rumus persen. Berdasarkan hasil uji validitas buku panduan model daycare di perkantoran berbasis attachment oleh para ahli diperoleh rata-rata 87% berada pada kategori sangat valid, hasil uji praktikalitas respon pejabat dan pegawai yang mempunyai anak usia dini diperoleh rata-rata persentase 88 % pada kategori sangat praktis, dan hasil uji efektifitas respon pejabat (4 orang) dan pegawai yang mempunyai anak usia dini (16 orang) adalah 88 % serta 91 % di tempat penyebaran pada kategori sangat efektif. Dari penilaian hasil buku panduan diketahui dapat meningkatkan attachment orangtua dan anak. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa buku panduan model daycare di perkantoran berbasis attachment valid, praktis dan efektif serta dapat meningkatkan attachment antara orangtua dan anak.
Bermain Kognitif Matematika Anak Melalui Pemanfaatan Barang Bekas pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Suzana Suzana , Karim Abdul , Amanah Amanah , Munajim Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Pembelajaran selama pandemic covid 19 dilakukan secara jarak jauhakan tetapi sebagian guru melakukan bimbingan terhadap siswa secarabergantian dikarenakan kendala koneksi internet yang kurang baik danterlebih mobilitas orang tua siswa yang sebagian sibuk. Karena kendalatersebut, permasalahan yang ada adalah belum adanya peralatan yangcocok dalam rangka meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak. Olehkarena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasisejauhmana hasil upaya kemampuan kognitif matematika anak melaluipermainan membuat alat transportasi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenispenelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dengan model KurtLewin. Penelitian PTK dilaksanakan dalam2 siklus penelitian, dengantahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksipada setiap siklusnya. Subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini yaknianak kelompok B1 di TK. Pengumpulan data dilakukan denganmenggunakan metode observasi yang kemudian dianalisismenggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu data yangdiperoleh dalam bentuk presentase. Hasil analisis penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pada tahap prasiklus kemampuan kognitifmatematika anak hanya mencapai 32,1% kemudian meningkat padasiklus I menjadi 66%, dan meningkatkan kembali pada siklus II menjadi92,2%. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwaterdapat peningkatan kemampuan kognitif matematika ana di setiapsiklusnya, sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kemampuankognitif matematika anak yang terkendala dengan koneksi internet dankesibukan orang tua dapat ditingkatkan m
Kemampuan Guru PAUD dalam Mengelola Pembelajaran pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Putri Ari Sintya Inneke
Published: November 2021

Dalam Pembelajaran daring pada masa pandemi covid-19 guru dihadapi oleh suatu kendala atas perubahan dunia pendidikan khususnya pada pendidikan anak usia dini, sehingga dari kendala tersebut guru dituntut untuk memiliki kemampuan dalam mengelola pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengukur kemampuan guru dalam mengelola pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring pada masa pandemi covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei deskriptif dengan subjek yang diteliti adalah guru PAUD. Dalam pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Proportional Random Sampling dengan cara perhitungan statistik yaitu dengan menggunakan Rumus Slovin sehingga diperoleh sampel sebesar 179. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode non-tes dengan menggunakan angket yang disebar melalui link google form. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa didapatkan kendala pembelajaran daring yang dihadapi oleh guru PAUD berada pada tingkat kategori Sangat Tinggi sebesar 95.53%, dan solusi yang digunakan oleh guru PAUD dalam mengatasi kendala tersebut juga berada pada tingkat kategori Sangat Tinggi sebesar 97.20%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa suatu kendala dalam pembelajaran daring diperlukan kemampuan guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran yang dapat dilihat dari pemberian solusi dalam mengatasi kendala pembelajaran daring.
Pemanfaatan Buku Cerita Bergambar Digital Berbasis Audio Visual terhadap Stimulasi Kemampuan Empati Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Sumiati Ni Ketut , Tirtayani Luh Ayu
Published: November 2021

Mengingat masih rendahnya kemampuan empati pada anak, sedangkan guru belum dapat memberikan stimulus melalui media pembelajaran yang lebih efektif serta bervariasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan validitas buku cerita bergambar digital berbasis audio visual dalam upaya untuk menstimulasi kemampuan empati anak kelompok B. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Subjek penelitian ini ada tiga yaitu ahli isi materi, ahli desain pembelajaran, ahli media pembelajaran, dan tiga orang anak kelompok B. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu metode observasi, wawancara dan angket. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa angket. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan proses pengembangan aplikasi buku cerita bergambar digital berbasis audio visual melalui tahap analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, dan evaluasi. Hasil uji validitas aplikasi buku cerita bergambar anak oleh ahli desain pembelajaran memperoleh persentase skor 85% dengan kualifikasi baik. Hasil uji validitas aplikasi buku cerita bergambar anak oleh ahli media pembelajaran memperoleh persentase skor 85% dengan kualifikasi baik. Hasil uji validitas aplikasi buku cerita bergambar anak oleh ahli materi memperoleh persentase skor 85% dengan kualifikasi baik. Hasil uji validitas aplikasi buku cerita bergambar anak oleh subjek uji coba perorangan memperoleh persentase skor 97% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kosakata Anak Usia Dini Melalui Media Wayang Papercraft
Authors: Lestariningsih Mirawati Dina , Parmiti Desak Putu
Published: November 2021

Rendahnya kosakata pada anak usia dini, yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya media pembelajaran yang dapat memfasilitasi siswa dalam belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengembangkan media wayang papercraft unuk meningkatkan kemampuan kosakata pada anak usia dini. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Subjek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 4 orang ahli. Teknik yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data pada penelitian ini yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan anget. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu kuesioner. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data yaitu analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu hasil penilaian yang dilakukan oleh ahli materi pembelajaran terhadap media yang dikembangkan dalam kategori valid dan ahli media pembelajaran juga mendapatkan kategori valid. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa media wayang papercraft yang telah dikembangkan layak dan dapat untuk diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran. Implikasi penelitian ini yaitu media yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan oleh guru sebagai fasilitas belajar siswa sehingga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kosakata pada siswa usia dini.
Media Video Animasi Guna Meningkatkan Sikap Tanggung Jawab Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Irawan Desi Cahyani , Rafiq Ahmad , Utami Fitria Budi
Published: November 2021

Kurangnya sikap tanggung jawab anak disebabkan karena tontonan yang kurang baik dan kurang mendidik yang ditiru anak sehingga anak mudah meniru perilaku buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan media video animasi terhadap sikap tanggung jawab anak usia dini. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survey deskriptif. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 25 orang tua murid yang memiliki anak usia dini dan mendapatkan stimulasi media video animasi dari 3 guru di Sekolah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengisi angket, melakukan observasi dan wawancara. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes yang telah divalidasi dengan analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik. Sebelum uji hipotesis dilakukan terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hasil yang signifikan dalam proses pembelajaran media video animasi terhadap peningkatan sikap tanggung jawab anak usia dini, dengan hasil analisis Rhitung sebesar = 2,238 > Rtabel = 2,238 pada taraf signifikan = 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa media video animasi tentang tanggung jawab dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran dan efektif untuk meningkatkan sikap tanggung jawab anak usia dini. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan agar dapat memahami dan memberikan pembelajaran yang tepat kepada anak agar perkembangan kemampuan sikap tanggung jawab anak dapat berkembang lebih baik lagi dan anak dapat dengan mudah menghadapi tantangan teknologi di level pendidikan selanjutnya.
Surface Texture and Visual Appearance of Packaging Steel
Authors:   , Jones Stephen
Published: November 2021

Growth in markets for which visual appearance is a critical function and increasing scrutiny given by their customers to the visual appearance of their product create a strong motivation for manufacturers of packaging steel to develop their knowledge about the visual appearance of their product. Understanding and controlling the visual appearance of their product would enable manufacturers of packaging steel to meet the demands of their customers and maintain an advantage over their competitors.The surface texture of packaging steel influences the functional behaviour of the final coated product. The work presented in this thesis investigates the relationship between the surface texture and the visual appearance of packaging steel. Multi-scale analyses of un-coated and tinplate packaging steel are performed to determine the func-tional bandwidths of surface texture. Models are developed which enable multi-scale simulations of surface texture. This enables a description of the relationship between packaging steel surface texture and visual appearance from the manufacturing process through to the surface function. This information is then utilised to design novel sur-face textures that give enhanced control over packaging steel visual appearance.
Deserción escolar en estudiantes universitarios: estudio de caso del área económico-administrativa
Authors: Otero Escobar Alma D.
Published: November 2021

La deserción escolar se reconoce como uno de los principales problemas que enfrentan las instituciones de educación superior en México. Por eso, el objetivo principal de esta investigación fue identificar las causas que generan el abandono y la deserción de estudiantes universitarios del área económico-administrativa con el propósito de proponer estrategias que permitan atender este problema. Para ello, se entrevistó a 532 estudiantes de una universidad mexicana que cursaban las carreras de Administración, Contaduría, Sistemas Computacionales Administrativos y Gestión de Negocios. La metodología consideró un enfoque mixto, transversal y descriptivo. Se aplicó como instrumento la Encuesta para Medir la Deserción Escolar en Instituciones de Educación Superior, que considera ocho categorías: a) datos generales del estudiante, b) datos académicos, c) salud y bienestar, d) datos sociofamiliares, e) aspectos económicos y laborales, f) datos de infraestructura, equipamiento, normatividad escolar y trato al usuario, g) influencia del entorno y h) otros motivos no especificados. Con base en los resultados recabados, se puede afirmar que los factores que aumentan el riesgo de abandono son la dependencia económica de los estudiantes, el difícil acceso a las tecnologías y a una conexión más estable de internet, así como la escasa capacidad didáctica de los docentes para enseñar los contenidos. En cambio, no representan una amenaza latente ciertas variables como la infraestructura escolar, el mobiliario y los equipos disponibles. Por eso, se recomienda diseñar y aplicar estrategias de atención en los siguientes ámbitos: en cuanto al ámbito académico, se deben promover actividades que optimicen los procesos derivados de la planeación docente, la impartición de clases, el respeto por los estudiantes y la evaluación acorde de los cursos. En los ámbitos económico y laboral, se debe promover la vinculación de los estudiantes con empresas que puedan aportar un incentivo económico. Por último, en el ámbito socioemocional, se recomienda la inclusión de apoyo socioafectivo para los estudiantes, ya que muchos señalaron que sus asuntos familiares podían influir en su permanencia o en su abandono escolar.
Adsorption Dynamics of Agricultural Waste Activated Carbon in Water Quality Improvement
Authors: Igbemi Igbemi Arthur , Nwaogazie Ify L. , Akaranta Onyewuchi , Abu G. O.
Published: November 2021

This study investigated the removal of Lead and Cadmium ions from aqueous solution using activated carbons from agricultural wastes. Activated carbons prepared by chemical activation using Phosphoric acid were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The influence of contact time, initial concentration and adsorbent dose which governed the efficiency of the process was ascertained through batch adsorption studies. Adsorption isotherms were determined by correlating with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the kinetic studies were correlated with pseudo first order and pseudo second order equations. The results showed that the amount of Lead and Cadmium adsorbed decreased as the adsorbent dose increased while the adsorption capacity increased with increased in contact time and initial concentration. Activated carbons prepared from Coconut shell and palm kernel (shell and cake) competed favorably with the commercial activated carbon in percentage removal of the metal ions as all the activated carbons had over 90 % removal within 60 minutes when 1g of adsorbent was used. The equilibrium data fitted best into Freundlich isotherms for both metal ions. The rate of adsorption could be described by pseudo second order for all the adsorbents except Coconut shell activated carbon in the adsorption of Lead while intra-particle diffusion was the limiting step for Cadmium adsorption. Therefore, the agricultural by-products can be used as effective, low-cost, and environmentally friendly adsorbents for domestic water treatment in many parts of the world.
Investigation into the Application of Cissus Populnea as Drilling Fluid Additive (Viscosifier) for Water Based Mud
Authors: Sulaiman A. D. I. , Adamu M. B. , Hassan Usman , Aliyu S. M.
Published: November 2021

Progress in drilling engineering demands more sophistication from the drilling mud in order to enhance the usage of drilling fluids, hence numerous additives were introduced, and a simple fluid became a complicated mixture of liquid, solid and chemicals. Some of the challenges with the existing drilling fluid additives has to do with compatibility, degradability, safety, cost, and environmental friendliness. Studies have been carried out on the economic benefits of Cissus Populnea which includes in areas of food, medicine, shelter, and transport but much attention has been paid to its applications in the Oil and Gas industry. This study investigates the rheological properties of Cissus Populnea for application as drilling fluid additive (viscosifier) in Water Based Drilling Mud. Fresh roots, stems and leaves of cissus populnea were sourced from Bayara, Bauchi State. Some liquid exudates of cissus populnea were collected and stored for analysis while some of the samples were dried and grinded in to powdered form. Exudate of the samples were characterized by FTIR, XRD and XRF. Drilling mud was formulated with the samples cisssus populnea and bentonite at different temperatures. The rheology of the formulated drilling mud was investigated and compared with that formulated using bentonite and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Results from X-ray Fluorescence analysis show that the chemical composition of Cissus populnea stem and root are similar when comparing their major components (In2O3 and CaO), while that of leaf has its major components to be In2O3 and Cl. Therefore, in this research work, experiments were conducted with only stem and leaf since stem and roots have common features. From the results of FTIR spectra, the stem of cissus populnea has an OH peak wavelength of 3487.42 cm-1 while that of leave is 3340.82 cm-1. The diffractogram of the stem of cissus populnea was observed at 2q = 22.67o which is very close to that of CMC (2θ = 20.31o) while the intense peaks of leaf were observed at around 28.65o. Viscosity of cissus populnea was investigated and found to be decreasing with the increase in temperature for stem exudate. While for leaf exudate, the viscosity was rather increasing with the increase in temperature at temperatures below 35 oC and then continue to decrease with the increase in temperature. The outcome of this research has confirmed the applicability of cissus populnea for drilling fluid additives, viscosifier.
Fractographic Analysis of GTAW Robotic Welded Joints Fractured under Stress in Experimental HSLA Cr-Ni Steel
Authors: Orión Leyva L. , Graciela Rosel P. , Hugo Gámez-C.
Published: November 2021

The welding current (A), arc voltage (V) preheating (°C), travel speed (mm·min-1) and net heat input (Qnet) were evaluated, on the strength and morphology of the fracture in experimental HSLA Cr-Ni steel welded joints, with commercial (ERS70S-6) filler metal and robotic GTAW technique. The samples were characterized by uniaxial stress tests, stereoscopy and Digital Image Processing (DIP). The results showed that the resistance to fracture of the experimental steel was exceeded by 18.39% by applying Qnet 0.520 (kJ·mm-1) and the combination of: 200 A, 12.7 V, 25 °C and 180 mm min-1, which influenced the ductile fracture morphology and topology. While the low Qnet (0.200-0.208 kJ·mm-1) favors instantaneous deformation of the welded joints with fracture in the weld bead as the major defect.
Elemental Analysis Using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Mohammed Abdul Moiz
Published: November 2021

The resonance radiation study is a powerful means in obtaining valuable information concerning the behavior of individual atoms and molecules. Various quantitative techniques are available in order to determine the amount of analyte and analysis of trace elements in the sample. Some technique uses the principle, when the number of atoms in the path of light increases, the amount of light absorption increases. While other techniques use dissociation of chemical compound free atoms by supplying enough thermal energy. In this paper, an attempt is made to compare various analytical methods with their merits and demerits and the reasons for popularity of atomic absorption spectroscopy among researchers. Elemental analysis using atomic absorption spectroscopy of various elements that are found in nature particularly in foods and environment is also presented.
The Impact of Non-Performing Loans, Return on Assets, Return on Equity, and Loan to Deposit Ratios on Minimum Capital Adequacy Requirement Based on Commercial Banks for Business Activities (BUKU) I 2015-2020
Authors: Rahadian Rano , Permana Dudi
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of The Impact of Non-Performing Loans, Return on Assets, Return on Equity, and Loan to Deposit Ratios on Minimum Capital Adequacy Requirement Based on Commercial Banks for Business Activities (BUKU) I 2015-2020. The data of this research is obtained from financial reports published by each bank in 2015 to 2020 period. This research uses panel data processed using EViews software version 9.0. The results show that NPL negatively and insignificantly affects CAR. ROA gives positive and insignificant impacts toward CAR, while ROE causes negative and insignificant effects on CAR. In addition, there is positive and significant impacts on CAR caused by LDR.
The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic and Social Distancing on Banks’ Asset Quality: An International Evidence
Authors: Alber Nader , Dabour Mohamed
Published: November 2021

This paper aims at testing the significance of each of Covid-19 pandemic and social distancing on banks’ asset quality, using a sample of 30 banks representing 10 countries according to GMM technique. Data have been collected from the World Health Organization during 2020. The research covers 10 countries (Egypt; Saudi Arabia; Indonesia; Germany; France; Russia; India; Mexico; South Korea and Nigeria) where 3 banks have been investigated from each country.

Results indicate that banks’ asset quality measured by Average change of nonperforming loans ratio seems to be sensitive to Covid-19 spread, measured by Average cases of COVID-19. Besides, findings support the effect of social distancing, measured by each of average staying at residential and average social distancing for retail-recreation. It’s important to pinpoint that results do not support the effect of each of average deaths of Covid-19 and average social distancing for workplaces, residential, grocery pharmacy, parks and transit stations.
The Role of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance: A Perspective of Employee Empowerment
Authors: Magasi Chacha
Published: November 2021

Critical literature review revealed that individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation factors of transformational leadership are the heart of employee empowerment. This study is important because there was little and discrete information on how individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation empower the performance of banking sector employees in the Dar es Salaam city. The study, therefore, examined the role of transformational leadership on employee performance based on employee empowerment perspective. A sample of 325 banking sector employees was surveyed using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Multiple linear regressions were employed to find the relationship between individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation with the performance of banking sector employees. A Statistical Package for Social Sciences was employed as an analytical tool for quantitative data. An in-depth interview was conducted to twelve employees who were selected by using the purposive sampling technique from twelve different banks. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data from in-depth interview to supplement the quantitative findings. The study revealed that individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation had a positive relationship with the performance of banking sector employees. That relationship was enhanced by effectively empowering employees and also fostering an environment that encourages learning, creativity and innovation. The study recommends that leaders in any bank’s section have to empower employees and foster the learning, creativity and innovation environment as the preconditions for enhanced employees’ performance. However, the study was done in the Dar es Salaam city and therefore limiting the generalisation of the results due to contextual differences in sub-Saharan countries. The study contributes to knowledge that individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation factors of transformational leadership are the heart of employee empowerment.
Prediction of Cryptocurrency Price Index Using Artificial Neural Networks: A Survey of the Literature
Authors: Charandabi Sina E. , Kamyar Kamyar
Published: November 2021

This paper initially presents a brief overview of the cryptocurrency and its history. We discuss the novel nature of literature attempting to create hybrid artificial neural network models to predict prices of cryptocurrency. For the remaining majority of the paper, we present the details of various hybrid artificial neural networks that have successfully been implemented to predict cryptocurrency prices in the form of a survey. Comparison of methods and results follow in the results section.
What Factors Affect Stocks’ Abnormal Return during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Indrayono Yohanes
Published: November 2021

This study identifies Indonesian investors’ reactions to the drop in stock prices on the Indonesia Stock Exchange market, during the early months of the COVID-19 crisis, before and after the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that its global spread constitutes a pandemic. It also explores variables that influence stock returns on this market during the financial crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a regression analysis of 70 firms, listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange to examine the pandemic’s influence on trading volume, market capitalization, profitability, and book value for the period December 31, 2019, to April 30, 2020. The results show that stock returns were lower in the early period of the financial crisis caused by the pandemic. Firms’ trading volumes, profitability and book values positively affected stock returns and their market capitalization negatively affected stock returns during the study period. This study contributes useful insights to the finance literature and stock-market participants in terms of dealing with stock markets during financial crises. This study recommends that in any crisis investors should begin buying stocks or increasing their stock purchases to achieve abnormal returns by choosing stocks that perform well in terms of firm profitability and book value by looking a number of financial factors.
The Effects of Experiential Marketing and Social Media Marketing on Repurchase Intention with Brand Trust as Variable Mediation for Wearing Klamby Hijab Fashion Products
Authors: Khoirunnisa Anis , Astini Rina
Published: November 2021

The development and advancement of internet technology have been largely viewed as a very lucrative business opportunity by some. Hijab fashion products are one of the businesses that are currently thriving in their use of social media. In Indonesia, the growth of Wearing Klamby products is beginning, and there is an interesting phenomenon where the brand's products always sell out quickly when a new product series is launched. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the factors influencing repurchase intention and brand trust for Wearing Klamby hijab fashion products. The research is quantitative in nature and includes cross-sectional research. The population for this study consisted of all customers of Wearing Klamby fashion who had made at least two purchases of Wearing Klamby products. The probability sampling method combined with a simple random sampling technique will be used in this study to obtain 155 respondents. The findings of this study indicate that experiential marketing, social media marketing, and brand trust all have a positive and significant effect on repurchase intention. Experiential marketing and social media marketing have a positive and significant effect on brand trust to a lesser extent. In this study, brand trust as a mediating variable had a positive and significant effect on repurchase intention.
Anticipation & Advancement of DTH Service in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Israt Moriom , Quadir Sabrina , Islam Sanjida
Published: November 2021

DTH (Direct-To-Home) TV is one of the important inventions which created a revolution in the television industry by the grace of modern technology and achieving popularity day by day. The objective of the study was to analyze the advancement and to find the anticipation and impact of DTH service in Bangladesh. Primary and secondary data both were used in this research paper. The conducting period of this research was from April - August of 2021 surveying a questionnaire of 560 participants in both urban and rural areas of 8 divisions in Bangladesh. To analyze data and present the result simple statistical tools; pie-chart, bar diagram and tables were used. The findings revealed most of the users use DTH TV for its clear picture quality, payment through mobile banking & the promotional benefits of numerous HD channels. DTH providers should enhance their features and the level services with the updated technology.
Oral Candidiasis and Nutritional Status in Hospitalized Aged Patients: A Cross-sectional Study in Cuenca-Ecuador
Authors: Piedra-Bravo Yadira Lucía , Encalada Torres Lorena Esperanza , Piedra Bravo Johanna Alexandra , Bravo-Calderón Diego Mauricio
Published: November 2021

Background: Oral candidiasis (OC) is an opportunistic fungal disease related to various local and systemic factors. Hospitalized aged patients are considered susceptible hosts with several adverse clinical outcomes, including OC and undernutrition.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral candidiasis among hospitalized aged patients who attended on the inpatient units of Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital and Jose Carrasco Arteaga Hospital of Cuenca-Ecuador. And also, to evaluate the association between OC and nutritional status in hospitalized aged patients.

Methods and materials: This study was performed with two hundred and twenty subjects; convenience sampling was applied for seven months. Demographic data were collected by a questionnaire. OC diagnosis was accomplished by oral examination; clinical lesions suggestive were analyzed with swabbed culture tests. OC was diagnosed when patients exhibited oral suggestive lesions synchronously with positive culture results. Nutritional assessment was performed with Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) system. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM_SPSS-20 software; associations were analyzed using Chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test, and multiple logistic regression. For all tests, ???? ≤ 0.05 was considered as a statistically significant result.

Results: Out of 220 hospitalized aged patients, 62 (28.1%) were diagnosed with oral candidiasis. The mean age was 78.3±7.8 years The Demographic/clinical variables (sex, age, residence area, education, use of dental prostheses) indicated no correlation with oral candidiasis. Nutritional variables (hypoalbuminemia and severe undernutrition were significantly correlated with oral candidiasis (p=0.009; p=0.007).

Conclusions: 28.1 % of the hospitalized aged patients had oral candidiasis. Hypoalbuminemia and severe undernutrition are risk factors associated with oral candidiasis.
The Impact of COVID 19 on Oral Surgery Post-Operative Patient Complications and Communications Within the Oral Surgery Department at the Eastman Dental Hospital
Authors: Patel Shree , Koshal Sonita , Mudhar Onkar
Published: November 2021

Introduction: A rise in post-operative complications (POCs) was observed following the second national lockdown due to the ongoing Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This prompted our Oral Surgery Department to investigate this to understand why this increase had occurred.

Aim: To evaluate the rise in POCs at The Eastman Dental Hospital Oral Surgery Department during and after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Materials and methods: A two cycle audit to assess the effect of the restrictions and ease imposed by lockdown on the number of POCs reported within the department.

Results: A spike in POCs was observed during the second lockdown. Following the ease of these restrictions, POCs reduced by half.

Discussion: As lockdown eased, the number of patient’s contacting the department following surgical procedures significantly reduced. Did the pandemic cause patients to become more observant with regards to their post-operative site?

Conclusions: COVID-19 has had a lasting effect amongst our society and healthcare professionals are seeing not only the physical detriment but also the mental effects on our patients. We must ask if the increase in our POCs be caused by underlying “health anxiety” amongst members of the general public and if so, how can it be overcome?
Surgical and Nonsurgical Techniques in Orthodontics
Authors: Joshi V.
Published: November 2021

Orthognathic surgery can be extremely useful in management of patients with complex malocclusions. It can benefit the patients by treating the esthetic and functional deformities. The collaboration between orthodontists and oral surgeons is crucial in obtaining optimal results for such complicated cases. The timing of the treatment and the age of the patient at the time of treatment play an important role in determining the type of treatment. This review discusses the different types of malocclusions in which the patient can be treated with conventional mechanics if presented during growing period and surgical management if presented after the growth is completed. Furthermore, the review describes the recent introduction of mini-screws and the non-surgical methods that can be used to treat complex malocclusions for adult patients.
Interference Management for the Coexistence of DTTV and LTE Systems within the Proposed Digital Dividend Band in Nigeria
Authors: Bakare B. I. , Idigo V. E. , Nnebe S. U.
Published: November 2021

This paper seeks to present the Interference Management for the Coexistence of DTTV and LTE Systems within the proposed digital dividend band in Nigeria. The study focused on LTE Down-link (DL) signal from the nearest cell site interfering with the Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTV) fixed outdoor receiving antenna in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The qualitative signal analysis of the DTTV systems is essential as DTTV system cannot start to operate in the newly formed frequency band without the evaluation of the possible harmful influence of the coexisting systems. This research work investigated the Compatibility of the two systems and the Probability of interference of Channel 17 (490MHz) and Channel 51 (693MHz) when DTTV and LTE systems coexist within the proposed Digital Dividend band. A test-bed approach method was adopted for the generation of the required simulation data. Star Time transmitting Station in Port Harcourt and Smile LTE 4G Communication LTE Base Station (eNBs) Network also in Port Harcourt were adopted as the Victim Link Transmitter (VLT) and Interfering Link Transmitter (ILT) respectively. Data was obtained, analyzed, and evaluated. It was observed from the simulation result that the probability of interference is a function of the separation distance between ILT and VLR. The Compatibility analysis result shows that the resulting C/I is above the protection criteria (19dB), that is there’s a minimal rate of interference. Hence, the interference issue can be managed when the two systems coexist in700MHz band. It was also established that DTTV channel 51 suffers more interference when compared with DTTV channel 17 for the same separation distance. The study recommended the minimum protection distance approach (Interference Avoidance method) as the interference management techniques when DTTV and LTE systems coexist in the proposed digital dividend (700MHz) band in Nigeria.
Comparative Analysis of Marketing Efficiencies of Paddy and Locally Milled Rice (Oryza sativaL.) Marketers in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
Authors: Aiyedun E. A. , Ebukiba E. S. , Otitoju M. A. , Ogbole E. O. , Luka A.
Published: November 2021

paddy and locally milled rice marketers in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. It specifically examined the marketing efficiencies and factors influencing marketing efficiencies of paddy and locally milled rice marketers in the study area. Primary data were collected using well-structured pre-tested questionnaires while a multistage sampling technique was adopted to obtain responses from respondents. Descriptive (mean, frequency and percentages) and inferential statistics (shepherd’s index and multiple regression analysis) were used to analyze the data. In using shepherd’s index, the results revealed 78% and 77% marketing efficiencies for paddy and locally milled rice respectively while the multiple regression analysis revealed sex, household size, availability of storage facility and contract marketing arrangement were significant to marketing efficiency of paddy rice; while membership of a market association, cost of purchasing rice, selling price of rice, availability of storage facility and contract arrangement were significant to marketing efficiency of locally milled rice. The study concludes that paddy rice marketers are more efficient in the study area and therefore recommends the initiation of more contract arrangements between investors and marketers in the area, while marketers should be encouraged to join marketing associations to take advantage of the endless benefits to be gained. It also recommends the formulation of policies that favour inclusivity of youths and women in the trade.
Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seeds Phytochemicals, Bioactive Compounds, and Applications: A Review
Authors: Nyingi Joseph Wambua , Mburu Monica
Published: November 2021

With the increased global public health awareness, there is an increase in ultimatum calls for functional foodstuff with various health impacts. The utilisation of therapeutic foodstuff to avert illnesses like obesity, diabetes, and heart disease is obtaining motion among people. Chia seeds are dietary and medicinal species used as a herb in the ancient period by Aztec and Mayan communities. Chia is receiving scientific attention in the present time and is a non-conventional seed that has been recognised as a novel food. It is a customary food in Southern and Central America. It contains large amounts of phytochemicals and proteins, making it more consumed worldwide for its numerous health benefits to sustain healthy serum fat levels. These seeds contain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids with anti-inflammatory effects, promote cognitive performance, and lower cholesterol levels. Caffeic acid found in the seeds has antioxidant compounds that protect the body from free radicals, cancer and contains anti-ageing properties. Fibres are present in high concentrations, are connected with lowering inflammation, controls bowel movement, and reduces cholesterol levels. Chia seeds contain the nutritional value that aid in disease control, such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer, obesity, and heart disease. The presence of omega-6 and omega-3 present in chia seed and active compounds makes the chia seed contain crucial health benefits. Nevertheless, the efficacy and safety of natural food require validation by numerous scientific research and studies. Nowadays, most species are utilised worldwide for their nutritional characteristics and beneficial impacts on human health. The review summarises the recent information on chia seed, emphasising the phytochemicals, bioactivities, and applications.
Factors Associated with the Current State of Food Safety Knowledge and Practices among the ‘Doi’ Workers in Bogura, Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kayshar M. S. , Arifin M. S. , Rana M. M. , Akter S. S. , Hossain M. N. , Jubayer M. F.
Published: November 2021

'Doi,' or yogurt, is a traditional dairy product in Bangladesh. Bogura's 'Doi' is the most popular of all 'Doi' items throughout the country. The state of food safety in the 'Doi' business is of great concern because this product is consumed by a vast number of people. The current study aims to evaluate the food safety knowledge and practice of the ‘Doi’ workers in Bogura as well as the associated factors. In this cross-sectional study, 150 people participated voluntarily and answered a structured questionnaire. The final result showed that the current state of their food safety knowledge (4.7±2.9; scale=15) and practices (21.5±6.2; scale=60) was not satisfactory. It was also observed that level of education, job hours, and training experience all had a substantial impact on knowledge and practices. Participants with a high level of food safety knowledge had 5.5 times more desired food safety practices than their peers. Therefore, the current findings emphasize the need of food safety trainings, certification, and employing educated personnel in the 'Doi' sectors.
Space Radiation of Solar Storm: A Meeting Report in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Jyh-Woei
Published: November 2021

Solar storm was an effect when Sun was active. Solar flares flame released a large amount of energy and caused a large-scale explosion. A large amount of coronal matter was ejected into space by plasma composed of electrons and protons. Their shock waves or magnetic clouds and the earth Magnetic storms generated by the interaction of magnetic fields caused disturbances and squeezing of the earth’s magnetosphere. A solar flare was a phenomenon of solar storm. It had huge eruptions of electromagnetic radiation. The sudden electromagnetic energy traveled with the speed of light. Large solar flare might affect the effects of reliability of electronic components in satellites and could cause economic losses by soft error and could affect human health through the space radiation, especially causing cancer.
Ilex paraguariensisA. St.-Hil. (Yerba Mate) Differently Regulates the Lipid Mobilization and, Irisin and Lactate Levels in Sedentary and Chronic Swimming Mice
Authors: de Souza V. L. , Stutz E. T. G. , De S. F. Pehrson M. E. , Coelho G. C. , Netto C. C. , de Maria C. A. B.
Published: November 2021

Healthy mice were submitted or not to daily chronic swimming and/or daily yerba mate (YM) infusion intake and had their bloods analyzed after four weeks. We hypothesized that daily intake of YM may act differently on lipid mobilization and, on the creatine, lactate and irisin levels in sedentary mice and those submitted to chronic exercise. The groups were (n=48): YM-non-treated control (NTC), YM-non-treated swimming control (NSC), non-roasted YM (NRY), roasted YM (RY), swimming plus non-roasted YM (SNRY), swimming plus roasted YM (SRY). No significant (P>0.05) difference was observed concerning creatine phosphoskinase (CPK) value. Lactate level decreased significantly (P<0.05) for SNRY and SRY, suggesting accelerated lipid mobilization and glycogen sparing potential. There was significant (P<0.05) body weight loss in all, except for NTC. Higher weight loss in NRY, RY, SNR and SRY indicated greater lipid mobilization. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and irisin had significantly (P<0.05) higher values for RY. This is first report that deals with the effect of YM consumption on serum irisin level. Major amounts of caffeic acid derivatives, slightly increased caffeine and less amount of rutin may be responsible by accelerated lipoperoxidation in sedentary healthy mices chronically treated with roasted YM. Chronically consumed YM plus swimming aid in healthy weight loss. Sedentary lifestyle plus roasted YM chronic consumption may cause accelerated lipid mobilization and increased TBARS production via irisin overexpression leading to an increase in lipoperoxidation.