bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence feasibility in veterinary medicine: A systematic review
Authors: Bouchemla Fayssal , Akchurin Sergey Vladimirovich , Akchurina Irina Vladimirovna , Dyulger Georgiy Petrovitch , Latynina Evgenia Sergeevna , Grecheneva Anastasia Vladimirovna
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim: In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly necessary in the life sciences, particularly medicine and healthcare. This study aimed to systematically review the literature and critically analyze multiple databases on the use of AI in veterinary medicine to assess its challenges. We aim to foster an understanding of the effects that can be approached and applied for professional awareness.

Materials and Methods: This study used multiple electronic databases with information on applied AI in veterinary medicine based on the current guidelines outlined in PRISMA and Cochrane for systematic review. The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Elsevier were thoroughly screened through March 22, 2023. The study design was carefully chosen to emphasize evidence quality and population heterogeneity.

Results: A total of 385 of the 883 citations initially obtained were thoroughly reviewed. There were four main areas that AI addressed; the first was diagnostic issues, the second was education, animal production, and epidemiology, the third was animal health and welfare, pathology, and microbiology, and the last was all other categories. The quality assessment of the included studies found that they varied in their relative quality and risk of bias. However, AI aftereffect-linked algorithms have raised criticism of their generated conclusions.

Conclusion: Quality assessment noted areas of AI outperformance, but there was criticism of its performance as well. It is recommended that the extent of AI in veterinary medicine should be increased, but it should not take over the profession. The concept of ambient clinical intelligence is adaptive, sensitive, and responsive to the digital environment and may be attractive to veterinary professionals as a means of lowering the fear of automating veterinary medicine. Future studies should focus on an AI model with flexible data input, which can be expanded by clinicians/users to maximize their interaction with good algorithms and reduce any errors generated by the process.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, Cochrane study, criterion, extracted data, heterogeneity, systematic review.
Influence of age and seasonality on boar seminal plasma steroids quantification: A preliminary study
Authors: Aniballi Camilla , Elmi Alberto , Govoni Nadia , Bulla Tiziana , Canelli Elena , Casalini Antonio , Bacci Maria Laura , Ventrella Domenico
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim: Seasonal changes, especially temperature and photoperiod, are well-known determining factors of swine reproductive capacity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of age and seasonal variations on boar seminal plasma steroids (dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA], cortisol [CORT], and testosterone [TEST]) over 1 year.

Materials and Methods: Four commercial hybrid adult boars (Large White × Duroc), aged between 12 and 44 months, were repeatedly evaluated at the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences of the University of Bologna. Daily temperature and light hours relating to the collection date were considered for each observation within the four astronomical seasons: Winter, spring, summer, and autumn. Hormones were quantified using radioimmunoassay. The association between seasonal factors and hormone concentrations was evaluated using linear regression models. Univariate models were estimated for each hormone to assess the influence of the independent variables; two multivariate models were assessed to evaluate the effect of temperature and daylight hours, including boar and season factors.

Results: Age significantly affected all analyzed hormones (CORT p < 0.0001; DHEA p < 0.0001; and TEST p < 0.0001). The highest average levels were found for each hormone during summertime, suggesting a positive correlation between steroid concentrations with temperature and light hours.

Conclusion: The results of this study support the hypothesis that the increase in external temperature and light hours is somehow associated with higher levels of steroid concentrations in the seminal plasma of in-housed boars. These findings may help further investigate seasonal fluctuations in reproductive outcomes, which are well-known for porcine species.

Keywords: boar, ejaculate, reproduction, seasonal parameters, steroids, swine.
Transformer-Based Language Models as Psycholinguistic Subjects: Focusing on Understanding Metaphor
Authors:   The Society Of Modern Grammar, Chung Wonil
Published: October 2023

Metaphor is a fundamental aspect of human language and cognition, playing a crucial role in communication, comprehension, and creative expression. In light of the recent advancements demonstrated by prominent language models, a pivotal question arises: Can these expansive language models effectively discern metaphorical knowledge? The primary objective involves comparing the surprisal values estimated from neural network language models like autoregressive and bidirectional language models to the reaction times of human when exposed to both metaphorical and literal sentences. Our secondary objective involves assessing the AI's comprehension of metaphors by utilizing the sensicality ratings generated by sophisticated ChatGPT. To achieve this, we used psycholinguistic methods, and adopted the experimental materials from Lai, Currana, and Menna (2009). We found the surprisal values estimated from the autoregressive language model demonstrate metaphor processing that closely resembles that of native speakers. Furthermore, ChatGPT's processing of conventional metaphorical sentences closely resembles its approach to literal sentences, mirroring the convergence observed in native speakers' ERP response to conventional metaphorical sentences and their alignment with that of literal sentences.
Analysis of product-service system logistics strategies in e-commerce
Authors: Souza Nicollas Luiz Schweitzer de , Flores Maurício Randolfo , Cauchick-Miguel Paulo Augusto , Frazzon Enzo Morosini
Published: October 2023

Goal: The main objective of this work is identifying product-service system logistics strategies present in e-commerce. In addition, this research aims to address two main research questions: (i) What are the product-service logistics strategies in e-commerce and how are the strategies applied? and (ii) What are the future research opportunities from the literature?
Design / Methodology / Approach: This paper performs a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method. Using this method, we established criteria for inclusion and exclusion of papers as well as better filters that, after applied during the literature review, we reached the final papers that will be included in the analysis.
Results: The main opportunity for applying PSS in e-commerce is related to the migration of logistics services to platforms, in which asset sharing between partners is a potential implementation being tested by start-ups and technological companies. Concerning the results related to the association of PSS and e-commerce, this is still a lack in the literature since many papers are more theoretical and fail to assess the benefits of practical adoption.
Limitations of the investigation: Research limitations of this research are according to the structure of the systematic literature review methodology.
Practical implications: The results may provide guidance for e-commerce retailers that choose to implement PSS strategies associated with logistics in their sales channels.
Originality / Value: This paper originality deals with the study of PSS strategies in e-commerce, since the combination of these approaches is still a research gap. Findings point out that e-commerce is still focused on physical products and the adoption of PSS strategies is not a common topic addressed in this context.
Environmental Characteristic of Phyllophorus sp. (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea, Phyllophoridae) Habitat in the Madura Strait, Indonesia
Authors: Widianingsih Widianingsih , Hartati Retno , Endrawati Hadi
Published: October 2023

Information on the environmental characteristics of many sea cucumber habitat is limited, despite these species exhibiting rapid exploitation and may lead to depletion. The present study combined a survey on many seawaters and sediment characteristics of habitat valuable aspidochirote holothurian, Sea Ball Cucumber, Phyllophorus sp. to compare with location with no sea cucumber in Madura Strait, Indonesia. Data from detailed surveys were used to compare both locations with measures of physical and chemical seawater parameters including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, phosphate, nitrate, ammonia, chlorophyll-a, total suspended solids, light transparency, and depth of water. The comparison was also carried out on physical and chemical parameters of surface sediment, i.e. phosphate, nitrate, ammonia, chlorophyll-a, grain size, total organic matter, and carbon-organic content. The data then were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-Non Parametric Test with SPSS v. 16.  The result revealed that there were significant differences between sediment characteristics of Sea Ball Cucumber habitat and no Sea Ball cucumber location, but not for seawater. Seawater parameter value in Madura Strait showed in the range required for its life. This analyzes proved the importance of sediment characteristics for Phyllophorus sp. As benthic deposit feeders, they did not only utilize substrate underneath the body for its habitat but also primarily to supply their natural food.
Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Kadmium (Cd) pada Gastropoda Conus spp. di Hamparan Lamun Perairan Pesisir Manokwari, Propinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Karubuy Randy Imanuel Sandy , Manan Jemmy , Manangkalangi Emmanuel , Sembel Luky , Saleky Dandi
Published: October 2023

Manokwari coastal waters are one of the coastal areas that experience very rapid development of development activities from year to year. This condition allows the input of waste such as heavy metal cadmium (Cd) into the waters of Manokwari. This research was conducted in the coastal area of Manokwari (BLK Beach, Lemon Island, and Tanjung Manggewa) for three months (February-April 2020). The purpose of this study was to describe the concentration of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) in Gastropod Conus on the Manokwari Coast and to determine the relationship between heavy metal content of cadmium (Cd) in Conus with shell size, wet weight, and dry weight. Data analysis includes Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), linear regression, and descriptive analysis. Based on the research results obtained, the average content of cadmium in Conus in Manokwari waters is 0.06-0.22 mg/kg. The heavy metal content in Conus is still below the specified threshold so it is still fit for consumption. The relationship between the heavy metal content of Cd in Conus with shell length, wet weight, and dry weight are positive with the regression equation successively y = -0.065 + 0.002x, y = 0.054 + 0.005x, and y = 0.061 + 0.014x which shows that the content Heavy metal Cd in Conus is influenced by shell length, wet weight, and dry weight.  Perairan pesisir Manokwari merupakan salah satu wilayah pesisir yang mengalami perkembangan kegiatan pembangunan yang sangat pesat dari tahun ke tahun. Kondisi ini memungkinkan adanya masukan limbah seperti logam berat kadmium (Cd) ke perairan Manokwari. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah pesisir Manokwari (Pantai BLK, Pulau Lemon, dan Tanjjung Manggewa) selama tiga bulan (Februari-April 2020). Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan konsentrasi logam berat kadmium (Cd) pada Gastropoda Conus di Pesisir Manokwari serta mengetahui hubungan kandungan logam berat kadmium (Cd) dalam Conus dengan ukuran cangkang, berat basah, dan berat kering. Analisis data meliputi Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA), regresi linear, dan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan, kandungan rata-rata kadmium pada Conus di perairan Manokwari yaitu sebesar 0,06-0,22 mg/kg. Kandungan logam berat dalam Conus masih dibawah ambang yang ditentukan sehingga masih layak untuk dikonsumsi. Hubungan antara kandungan logam berat Cd dalam Conus dengan panjang cangkang, berat basah dan berat kering adalah positif dengan persamaan regresi berturut-turut y = -0,065 + 0,002x, y = 0,054 + 0,005x dan y = 0,061 + 0,014x yang menunjukan bahwa kandungan logam berat Cd dalam Conus dipengaruhi oleh panjang cangkang, berat basah dan berat kering.
Pemanfaatan Citra Satelit Aqua-MODIS untuk Pemantauan Dinamika Spasio-Temporal Produktivitas Primer Bersih di Perairan Laut Jawa
Authors: Anugrah Alfandy Putra , Hidayah Zainul , As-Syakur Abdurrahman , Rachman Herlambang Aulia
Published: October 2023

The Java Sea is an area with the highest rate of exploitation of fishery resources in Indonesia. As much as 32% of the total national fishery production or 2.2 million tons has come from catches in the Java Sea, even though the area of these waters only covers 7% of the total area of national waters. Fisheries productivity is related to the net primary productivity value resulting from the activity of phytoplankton or chlorophyll-a. Net primary productivity (NPP) is influenced by the presence of nutrients, light, chlorophyll-a, Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) and sea surface temperature (SST). The purpose of this research is to analyze the distribution value of net primary productivity in the Java Sea by utilizing Aqua-MODIS satellite imagery using the Vertically Generalized Production Model (VGPM) method with a range of 2017-2021. The results showed that the waters of the Java Sea have quite high fertility and are classified as Eutrophic because the general monthly average from 2017-2021 has an NPP value of >750 mgC/m2/day. The value of primary productivity follows the seasonal pattern, will be high in the east moonson season and decrease in the west monsoon season. Laut Jawa merupakan wilayah dengan laju eksploitasi sumberdaya perikanan tertinggi di Indonesia. Sebanyak 32% dari total produksi perikanan nasional atau sebesar 2,2 juta ton berasal dari hasil tangkapan di Laut Jawa meskipun luas wilayah perairan ini hanya mencakup 7% dari total luas wilayah perairan nasional. Produktivitas perikanan tangkap berhubungan dengan nilai produktivitas primer bersih hasil dari aktivitas fitoplankton atau klorofil-a. Produktivitas primer bersih di suatu perairan dipengaruhi oleh adanya unsur hara, cahaya, klorofil-a, Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) dan suhu permukaan laut (SPL). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis nilai distribusi produktivitas primer bersih di Laut Jawa dengan memanfaatkan citra satelit Aqua-MODIS menggunakan metode Vertically Generalized Production Model (VGPM) dengan rentang tahun 2017-2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perairan Laut Jawa memiliki kesuburan yang cukup tinggi dan tergolong Eutrofik karena rata-rata bulanan secara umum mulai dari tahun 2017-2021 memiliki nilai NPP >750 mgC/m2/hari. Nilai produktivitas primer mengikuti pola musim, akan tinggi pada musim timur (kemarau) dan menurun pada musim barat (penghujan).
Kelimpahan dan Karakteristik Mikroplastik di Perairan Kolam Labuh dan Sungai Blangor Kecamatan Palang, Tuban
Authors: Sidiqi Fawaz Muhammad , Yulianto Bambang , Suprijanto Jusup
Published: October 2023

Microplastic contamination has been identified in Indonesian water bodies, raising environmental concerns. This study investigates microplastic abundance and characteristics in water and sediment of Palang Waters (Kolam Labuh and Sungai Blangor) in Tuban. Seawater and river samples were collected using a 75 µm mesh plankton net. Microplastics were quantified under microscopy, and polymer analysis utilized Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Seawater showed an abundance of 40,000 ± 11,357.82 particles/m3, with 48.75% fragments, 44.58% fibers, and 6.67% granules. River microplastic abundance was 13,333.33 ± 5,033.23 particles/m3, comprising 82.5% fibers, 10% fragments, and 7.5% granules. Sediment's average microplastic abundance was 226.67 ± 83.27 particles/m3, including 53% fibers, 29% fragments, and 18% granules. Statistical analysis highlighted significant differences in microplastic abundance among seawater, river water, and sediment (P-Value = 0.001). Notable differences existed between seawater and river water (P-value = 0.009), and seawater and sediment (P-value 0.001), but not between river water and sediment (P-value = 0.143). Polymer analysis revealed polymers such as Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polyethylene (PE), and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE). This research offers insights into microplastic presence, aiding in understanding aquatic pollution.  Kontaminasi mikroplastik telah terjadi di beberapa perairan Indonesia. Mikroplastik memiliki ukuran ≤5 mm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan karakteristik mikroplastik pada air dan sedimen di Perairan Kolam Labuh dan Sungai Blangor, Kecamatan Palang, Tuban. Sampel air laut dan sungai diambil menggunakan plankton net dengan ukuran mesh 75 µm. Kelimpahan dan bentuk mikroplastik dihitung dan diamati menggunakan mikroskop, dan analisis polimer menggunakan uji Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air laut sebanyak 40.000 ± 11.357,82 partikel/m3, bentuk fragmen sebanyak 48,75 %, kemudian fiber sebanyak 44,58 % dan granules sebanyak 6,67% pada air laut. Sedangkan di Sungai didapatkan kelimpahan mikroplastik sebanyak 13.333,33 ± 5.033,23 partikel/m3, bentuk fiber sebanyak 82,5 %,fragmen 10 % dan fiber 7,5 %. Kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik pada sedimen ialah 226,67 ± 83,27 , bentuk fiber sebanyak 53%, fragmen 29% dan granules 18%. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air laut, sungai dan sedimen (P-Value = 0,001). Perbedaan kelimpahan mikroplastik terjadi antara air laut dengan air sungai (P-value = 0,009) dan antara air laut dengan sedimen (P-value 0,001), sedangkan antara air sungai dan sedimen tidak terjadi perbedaan (P-value = 0,143). Hasil analisis polimer menunjukkan jenis polimer yang ditemukan meliputi Polivinil Klorida (PVC), Polyethylene (PE) dan High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE).
Psych verbs: the behavior of ObjExp verbs in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Cançado Márcia , Amaral Luana , Meirelles Letícia , Foltran Maria José
Published: October 2023

Psychological verbs, especially Object Experiencer verbs, are widely discussed in the linguistic literature because of their peculiar syntactic and semantic properties. Two main issues regarding Object-Experiencer verbs are often raised: their aspectual nature and an alternation process (with the experiencer in subject position). This article analyzes Brazilian Portuguese Object Experiencer verbs, focusing on these issues. Based on a study of 170 verbs, we claim that Object Experiencer verbs constitute a verb class whose members describe a complex stage-level state in which a stimulus state activates (in a causative relation) a mental state in an experiencer. In addition, we argue that Object-Experiencer verbs appear in an inverse form: the experiencer as subject, and the stimulus as oblique. We claim that such an inverse form does not result from the causative alternation. In the inverse structure, different from an inchoative form of a change-of-state verb, both arguments are strongly preferable, and the verbs still denote a stative situation. We also provide a representation for the event structure of those verbs, using predicate decomposition, that is associated with their syntactic properties.
R&D strategy study of customized furniture with film-laminated wood-based panels based on an analytic hierarchy process/quality function deployment integration approach
Authors: Chen Yushu , Sun Wenwen
Published: October 2023

Various methods exist for surface decoration of wood-based panels, with decorative plastic film emerging as a primary choice due to its environmental friendliness, design versatility, and ease of processing. To leverage the benefits of film-laminated wood-based panels, this study explored a research and development (R&D) strategy for customized kitchen cabinets made from these panels by the integration of the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approaches. AHP was employed to construct a hierarchical model of user requirements. Utilizing QFD, user requirements were translated into technical characteristics, and their degree of importance were determined, which facilitated a precise understanding of the technical priority. Study findings indicated that user requirements for film-laminated wood-based panels prioritized practicality, safety, appearance, and durability. The AHP-QFD model employed mathematical methods to establish a connection between the user and technical levels, so as to excavate the focus and direction of the process flow from the preparation of the material to the design and manufacture of the product, and to provide a reference for the future application of similar environmentally friendly materials.
Determination of the dispersion hardening ability of a new die steel with controlled austenitic transformation
Authors:   National University ", Grabovskiy V.Ya. ,   Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic",   , Zaporizhia, Ukraine, Lysytsia O.V. ,   National University "Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic", Zaporizhia, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The chemical composition of the stamping steel for high operating temperatures (above 700 °C) with controlled austenitic transformation during operation (CATO) was adjusted to implement its hardening by the dispersion hardening (aging) mechanism. The base steel was chosen as 3Х3Н8М7Ф, in which quenching and subsequent aging did not lead to such hardening. It was taken into account that in order to implement dispersion hardening, CATO steels should have a predominantly austenitic (rather than martensitic) structure in the hardened state, which was not provided for the base steel. As a result of changes in the content of Mn, Ni and C in the base steel, it was determined that the required conditions are met by CATO steel of grade 4Х3Н3Г6М7Ф (95 % austenite after quenching with a predominantly ferrite base in the annealed state). The experiments have established the ability of this steel to harden with ageing. Strength growth was determined by high-temperature tensile tests immediately after aging (without intermediate cooling of samples to room temperature), which is a feature of testing steels with CATO. The highest strength growth (compared to the quenched state) is provided by heat treatment in the following mode: quenching 1150 °C, 2 hours, oil and subsequent aging 725 °C, 2 hours (at a test temperature of 750 °C, s0,2 increases to 674 MPa, sВ to 697 MPa). This hardening is due to the release of dispersed particles of the Laves phase of Fe2Mo and carbide of type VC during aging. In the aged state, the steel retains its austenitic structure at high temperatures, and when cooled below 200 °C, it undergoes a γ → α transformation according to martensitic kinetics and acquires a hardness of 49 HRC. The achieved high-temperature (700...900 °C) strength characteristics of 4Х3Н3Г6М7Ф steel are twice as high as those of the high-temperature die steel 5Х3В3МФС (DI23) and are not inferior to the heat-resistant alloy ХН35ВТЮ (EI787). This makes it possible to effectively use it instead of commercially available heat-resistant martensitic die steels at operating temperatures above 700 °C. Keywords: die steels CATO, alloying, quenching, austenitic structure, dispersion hardening, high-temperature strength.
Complex modification of AlSi9Cu3(Fe) alloy by using cobalt, vanadium and molybdenum
Authors:   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Voron M. M. , Polyvoda S. L. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Yasynska O. O. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

Aluminum casting alloys of the Al-Si and Al-Si-Cu systems are among the most widely used materials for machine building. Their wide use is associated with low cost, high manufacturability, excellent ability for multiple recycling and sufficient level of mechanical properties. Increasing of Al-Si-Cu alloys mechanical characteristics always remains as a relevant task, which is often solved by several components modification. Presented work is dedicated to investigation of Co, V and Mo complex influence on the structural phase state and mechanical properties of the widely used AlSi9Cu3(Fe) alloy. All modifying additives were added in the amount of 0.1-0.2 wt. %. At the same time, their total content did not exceed 0.5 wt. %. It is shown that the complex modification of AlSi9Cu3(Fe) with cobalt and vanadium contributes to a significant grain refinement and increasing strength of the alloy by more than 20% while maintaining plasticity. At the same time, cobalt mainly performs the function of a modifier of eutectic components, and vanadium plays the role of a grain refiner. Simultaneous modification of the alloy with vanadium and molybdenum ensures refining of all structural components and strength elevating. Both components perform the function of nucleation. The simultaneous addition of cobalt and molybdenum shows the effect of cobalt on eutectic components. Molybdenum actually does not have a nucleating effect and is mainly goes to iron-containing phases. As a result, average mechanical properties can be observed. Triple modification makes it possible to obtain maximum refining of all structural-phase components and increase the strength of the alloy. The highest microhardness of such alloys indicates potentially high level of mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. Keywords: cast aluminum alloys, modification, AlSi9Cu3(Fe), structure, phase composition, mechanical properties.
Environmental aspects of foundry aluminum slag processing
Authors:   Production enterprise ", Dovbenko V.V. ,   UKRKABEL",   , Ukraine
Published: October 2023

Data on the influence of the aluminum slag processing process on the state of the atmospheric environment are presented. Calculations of the dispersion of pollutants (PO) in the surface layer of atmospheric air were carried out, which showed the absence of exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) for carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxin, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and dust. Analysis of emissions was carried out for extreme conditions of equipment operation. It was established that under such technological conditions, the maximum concentration of pollutants is: NO2 ≤ values of 0.2 MPC, and the rest of the pollutants do not exceed - 0.05 MPC. To identify the actual concentrations of hazardous substances at the border of the sanitary protection zone (SZZ), laboratory tests were performed at a distance of 300 m from the emission source. It was established that emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere from the industrial site on the territory of the enterprise and on the border of the calculated sanitary protection zone are less than the MPC of the atmospheric air of populated areas and will not have a significant harmful effect on the environment, provided that the sanitary and technological requirements for operation are met. The level of the content of harmful impurities in the air does not exceed the hygienic standards outside the sanitary protection zone, which are established for the atmospheric air of populated areas. Keywords: ecology, pollutants, maximum permissible concentration, aluminum slag.
The structure of castings of cast composites of the Cu-V system obtained by electron beam casting
Authors:   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Likhatskyi R. F. , Matviets Ye. O. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

Keywords: Cu-V alloys, new electrotechnical materials, electron beam casting technology, as-cast composite materials, microstructure. Keywords: Cu-V alloys, new electrotechnical materials, electron beam casting technology, as-cast composite materials, microstructure.
Intenzív kognitív viselkedésterápiás csoport pánikbetegség kezelésére
Authors: Perczel-Forintos Dóra , Kovács Illés Áron , Elek Lívia Priyanka
Published: October 2023

Bevezetés: A pánikbetegség az egyik leggyakrabban előforduló
szorongásos zavar, prevalenciája folyamatosan növekszik a COVID–19-pandémia óta.
Az egyre nagyobb számban kezelésre szoruló páciensek hatalmas terhet jelentenek
az egészségügyi ellátórendszer számára, ami felhívja a figyelmet az alacsony
intenzitású, rövid és hatékony pszichológiai intervenciók fontosságára a
mentális zavarok ellátásában, különösen az alapellátás területén. A nemzetközi
irányelvek szerint a pánikbetegség kezelésének bizonyítottan hatékony módja a
kognitív viselkedésterápia, amely a pánikbetegség kognitív modelljén alapul.
Eszerint azoknál a személyeknél alakul ki pánikroham, akik a normális
stresszreakció tüneteit katasztrofizálják, azaz súlyos testi betegség jelének
tartják, és erre heves szorongással reagálnak. Célkitűzés:
Salkovskis és Clark (1986) alapján kidolgoztuk egy 5 alkalmas, intenzív kognitív
viselkedésterápiás csoport tematikáját pánikbetegek részére.
Módszer: A rövid, csoportos kognitív viselkedésterápia
hatékonyságát kérdőívek (Spielberger Állapotszorongás Kérdőív, Beck Depresszió
Kérdőív), valamint egy szubjektív skála használatával mértük fel. Az eredmények
értékeléséhez páros mintás t-próbát alkalmaztunk.
Eredmények: Eredményeink szerint a szorongás és a hangulati
panaszok intenzitása (t(36) = 5,497, p<0,0001; Z = –4,871, p<0,0001),
valamint a pánikrohamok szubjektív gyakorisága (Z = –5,190, p<0,0001) is
nagyfokú szignifikáns csökkenést mutatott a csoport előtt mért értékekhez
képest. Megbeszélés és következtetés: Klinikai vizsgálatunk az
alacsony intenzitású pszichológiai intervenciók eredményességére hívja fel a
figyelmet, bizonyítottan hatékony protokollt kínálva az alapellátásban dolgozó
szakemberek számára. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(42): 1665–1672.
EMBRACING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS CRITICALLY TO EXPLORE LIFE PURPOSES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION
Authors: Mambu Joseph Ernest
Published: October 2023

English language teacher education is not only about making students who learn to teach English focus on language teaching, learning, and use but also about how teacher educators can delve into the life purposes of themselves, their students, and their students’ learners. The role of a language teacher educator is hence pivotal in orchestrating learning materials and activities that allow students to explore life purposes at individual, community, and international levels. As a scholar interested in critical language teacher education, one of my life purposes is to nurture my students’ criticality. To illustrate how my student performed criticality over time, in a case study, I explored my dialogue on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a learning material with one focal student in my Critical Pedagogy & Literacy class from January to April 2019 and beyond, even after she graduated. Criticality was demonstrated when she problematized oppressive words and actions and envisioned social transformation as she learned (to teach) English. A narrative analysis of the data also suggests that the student’s life purpose (e.g., to empower her fellow Papuan people) aligns with that of her instructor and her Papuan English language learners. Implications for critical language teacher education are discussed.
INDIVIDUALIZED GUIDANCE TO EMPOWER AN L2 LEARNER WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN ACADEMIC ESSAY WRITING
Authors: Subekti Adaninggar Septi , Lestariningsih Fransisca Endang
Published: October 2023

The present study was conducted to see the extent to which intensive online individualized guidance sessions could help a second/foreign language (L2) learner of English with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at an undergraduate level to write an academic essay in the education field with citations and references. The sessions, 30 minutes each, were conducted 14 times in total during the second semester of the 2020/2021 academic year. Teaching journal detailing the participant’s learning dynamic in each session, the participant’s ongoing writing progress, and the recorded videos of the sessions were used to assess this learner participant’s learning progress. The study found that through the individualized guidance sessions, the learner participant could write a 326-word academic essay with citations using three journal articles in the Indonesian language as the references. It also found that as the participant became more familiar with the pattern of the sessions and the expectation of what to do in each session, he could do his task faster and more confidently. Based on the findings, several pedagogical implications and possible research contributions are stated along with suggested directions for future studies in the field of autism in the L2 learning context.
Showing, Not Saying, Negation and Falsehood: Establishing Kimhi’s Two-Way Logical Capacities with Wittgenstein’s Samples
Authors: Raysmith Thomas Henry
Published: October 2023

Recently, Irad Kimhi has argued that negation and falsehood can be made intelligible by understanding assertions/judgements as acts of two-way logical capacities. These are capacities that are, at the same time, for (1) positive and negative assertions/judgements and (2) positive and negative facts. Kimhi’s account of negation and falsehood, however, faces severe problems. I argue that these problems can be resolved, and that a new understanding of cases of negation and falsehood can be achieved, by regarding two-way logical capacities for assertion/judgement and facts as established and undergirded by what Ludwig Wittgenstein calls “samples”. The standard metre sample, for instance, establishes and undergirds the capacity for asserting that something, x, is one metre long (meaning: x is like the standard metre in length). At the same time, it establishes and undergirds the capacity for the fact that x is one metre long (when x is like the standard metre in length). As I explain, invoking samples means we cannot say, as Kimhi wants to, what assertion/judgement, negation, and facts, in general, are but can only show what they are, one case at a time. This, however, is a boon not a disadvantage.
Optimising the Production Process of Bacterial Nanocellulose: Impact on Growth and Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Folmann Lima Nicole , Maciel Giselle Maria , de Andrade Arruda Fernandes Isabela , Windson Isidoro Haminiuk Charles
Published: October 2023

Research background. Research into bacterial cellulose production has been growing rapidly in recent years, as it has a potential use in various applications, such as in the medical and food industries. Previous studies have focused on optimising the production process through various methods, such as using different carbon sources and manipulating environmental conditions. However, further research is still needed to optimise the production process and understand the underlying mechanisms of bacterial cellulose synthesis.
Experimental approach. We used Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken experimental designs to analyse the effect of different factors on bacterial cellulose production. The fermentation kinetics of the optimised medium was analysed, and the produced cellulose was characterised. This approach was used because it allows the identification of significant factors influencing bacterial cellulose growth, the optimisation of the culture medium and the characterisation of the produced cellulose.
Results and conclusions. The results showed that higher sucrose concentrations, higher kombucha volume fractions and a smaller size of the symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast were the most important factors for the improvement of bacterial cellulose production, while the other factors had no relevant influence. The optimised medium showed an increase in the concentrations of total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids as well as significant antioxidant activity. The produced pure bacterial cellulose had a high water absorption capacity as well as high crystallinity and thermal stability.
Novelty and scientific contribution. The study makes an important scientific contribution by optimising the culture medium to produce bacterial cellulose more productively and efficiently. The optimised medium can be used for the production of a kombucha-like beverage with a high content of bioactive compounds and for the production of bacterial cellulose with high crystallinity and thermal stability. Additionally, the study highlights the potential of bacterial cellulose as a highly water-absorbent material with applications in areas such as packaging and biomedical engineering.
The Impact of Nutrition on the Onset, Course of the Disease and Quality of Life of Patients with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Authors: Prpić Tin , Peček Prpić Melita , Mendeš Tihana , Šestak Anamarija , Včeva Andrijana
Published: October 2023

Research background. The role of dietary habits of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is comparatively underexplored. The aim of the study is to examine dietary habits, onset and course of the disease as well as the quality of life of patients with LPR.
Experimental approach. The results of the modified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ-m) and laryngopharyngeal reflux health-related quality of life (LPR-HRQL) questionnaires were compared between subjects with and without LPR. There were a total of 100 subjects with LPR and 65 subjects in the control group. The group of subjects with LPR was further randomly divided into two subgroups; the first subgroup was treated with esomeprazole at a dose of 20 mg twice daily combined with the instructions for dietary and general lifestyle changes, and the other with pantoprazole at a dose of 20 mg twice daily combined with the instructions for dietary and general lifestyle changes. Participants were instructed to fill out FFQ-m and LPR-HRQL questionnaires immediately after the initial examination and then after control examinations 30 and 60 days after the initial examination.
Results and conclusions. Patients with LPR consume more food with high reflux potential, drink more carbonated drinks and juices and have a worse quality of life than the control group (p<0.001). Taking proton pump inhibitors at a dose of 20 mg twice daily in combination with a change in dietary habits such as substituting acidic, spicy, fermented, sweet, fried foods and other foods with a high reflux potential as well as carbonated drinks and juices with the food with a low reflux potential and water significantly reduced the symptoms of LPR and increased the quality of life of the patients (p<0.001).
Novelty and scientific contribution. This is the first study showing the correlation between dietary habits and the quality of life of patients with LPR. The contribution of this research is an objective assessment of the follow-up of patients with LPR that could be used in their regular assessment.
Leveraging artificial intelligence to identify high-risk patients for postoperative sore throat: An observational study
Authors: Zhou Qiangqiang , Liu Xiaoya , Yun Huifang , Zhao Yahong , Shu Kun , Chen Yong , Chen Song
Published: October 2023

Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a prevalent complication after general anesthesia and targeting high-risk patients helps in its prevention. This study developed and validated a machine learning model to predict POST. A total number of 834 patients who underwent general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation were included in this study. Data from a cohort of 685 patients was used for model development and validation, while a cohort of 149 patients served for external validation. The prediction performance of random forest (RF), neural network (NN), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) models was compared using comprehensive performance metrics. The Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) methods elucidated the best-performing model. POST incidences across training, validation, and testing cohorts were 41.7%, 38.4%, and 36.2%, respectively. Five predictors were age, sex, endotracheal tube cuff pressure, endotracheal tube insertion depth, and the time interval between extubation and the first drinking of water after extubation. After incorporating these variables, the NN model demonstrated superior generalization capabilities in predicting POST when compared to the XGBoost and RF models in external validation, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.81 (95% CI 0.74–0.89) and a precision–recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.77 (95% CI 0.66–0.86). The model also showed good calibration and clinical usage values. The NN model outperforms the XGBoost and RF models in predicting POST, with potential applications in the healthcare industry for reducing the incidence of this common postoperative complication.
Protocol to Capture, Annotate, and Grade produce items using the AI enabled Grader App v1
Authors: Sharma Anjali
Published: October 2023

This protocol describes steps to capture, annotate, and label produce items as good or bad using the Grader App. The grader app is part of a larger system of systems conceived, designed, and developed by Anjali Sharma at SDG Labs, to reduce food waste using AI and robotics. The grader app is designed to leverage the power of citizen sourcing and AI to create an open image data set of good and bad produce items. The purpose of creating this open image data set is to help in training machine vision algorithms that can accurately differentiate between good and bad produce items. In this protocol I outline the steps following which, any citizen scientist can capture, annotate, and/or label good and bad produce items.
Effect of different roller end-flange constructions on the fatigue life of the cylindrical roller bearings: A novel flange deformation formula
Authors: Bayrak Ramazan , Sagirli Ahmet
Published: October 2023

This paper performs the fatigue life analysis of the radial Cylindrical Roller Bearings (CRBs) with consideration of various roller end-flange shapes such as toroidal-toroidal, spherical-toroidal, and spherical-conical. A novel formula for each flange contact deformation in cylindrical roller bearing with different roller end-flange geometry including toroidal geometry is developed. Inner ring misalignment angle and radial deflection results obtained from the present study are verified with numerical and experimental results from the literature. The results approach to that of literature when the flange is changed from toroidal geometry to conical geometry. Using formulas developed in the present study, the effect of various roller end-flange geometries on the bearing life is investigated for different external loadings. It is observed that the bearing life increases when the roller end and flange are changed to toroidal geometry.
LİSE 11 VE 12. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN MÜZİK DERSİNE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARININ İNCELENMESİ VE METAFORİK ANALİZİ
Authors: YAZICI Tarkan , BARAN Sadettin
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada; Mersin ili Toroslar ilçesinde bulunan Toroslar Anadolu Lisesi 11 ve 12. sınıf öğrencilerinin müzik dersine yönelik tutumlarının farklı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi ve “müzik dersi” kavramına yönelik düşüncelerinin metaforlar aracılığı ile belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada, karma yöntem desenlerinden yakınsak paralel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri “Metafor”, Varış & Cesur (2012) tarafından geliştirilen “Ortaöğretim Düzeyi Müzik Dersine İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği” ve “Kişisel bilgi formu” ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel veri sonuçları incelendiğinde; 11 ve 12. sınıf öğrencilerinin müzik dersi kavramına yönelik 103 adet olumlu, 31 adet olumsuz olmak üzere toplam 134 adet metafor ürettikleri tespit edilmiştir. Kız öğrencilerin 50 adet olumlu, 9 adet olumsuz, erkek öğrencilerin ise 53 adet olumlu 22 adet olumsuz metafor ürettikleri saptanmıştır. Kız öğrencilerin müzik dersi kavramına yönelik olumlu metafor oranlarının 0,85 olduğu, erkek öğrencilerin ise 0,71 olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuç, 11 ve 12. sınıf kız öğrencilerinin müzik dersine yönelik tutumlarının erkek öğrencilere oranla daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. 11 ve 12. sınıf kız ve erkek öğrencilerinin 0,77 olumlu metafor oranıyla müzik dersine yönelik tutumlarının orta düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel veri sonuçları incelendiğinde; öğrencilerin müzik dersine yönelik tutum ortalamalarının 56,36 olduğu ve öğrencilerin müzik dersine yönelik tutumlarının orta düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan öğrencilerin cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, anne ve baba eğitim durumu değişkenlerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
SINIF ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ DÖRT İŞLEM PROBLEMLERİNE YÖNELİK ÖYKÜLEYİCİ METİN YAZMA BECERİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: AKBABA ESER Rabia Sena , KUBANÇ Yasemin
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının dört işlem problemlerine yönelik öyküleyici metin yazma becerilerini incelemektir. Araştırmanın verileri, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi tekniğine göre toplanmıştır ve verilerin analiz edilmesinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını bir devlet üniversitesinde Sınıf Öğretmenliği bölümünde öğrenim gören 30 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. 3.sınıf öğrencilerine yazdırılan toplam 30 öyküleyici metin, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen ve dört ana başlığa (biçim, dil ve anlatım, öyküleyici metin unsurları ve problem durumu) sahip “Dört işlem problemlerine yönelik öyküleyici metin değerlendirme formu”na göre değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öyküleyici metnin boyutlarına kısmen hâkim olan sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının ayrıntılandırma, yazım-noktalama gibi hususlarda eksik olduğu, öyküleyici metin unsurlarını yeterli düzeyde kullanamadıkları ve bu becerilerini geliştirmeleri gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Problem durumuna ilişkin de dört işleme yönelik kazanımlara genel olarak vakıf olan öğretmen adaylarının yazdıkları metinlerdeki verilenlerin, çarpma işlemine yönelik yazılan metinler dışında çoğunlukla açık bir şekilde ifade edildiği görülmektedir.