bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of silver nanocrystals reduced from the functional molecules enriched Spirulina – A potent antibiotic against human and marine pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: Selvaraju Raja , Gopakumar Anjali , Jaganathan Anitha , Davis Ephsy , Kesavan Sahana , Kuppusamy Mohan
Published: September 2022

Organic reduction of nanomaterials is an inexpensive and ecologically feasible method. The major challenge of this method is its optimization to improve efficiency. The reduction of metal ions with the conjugation, involves either through extraction from natural materials like plants, algae, fungus, and bacteria or by the action of micro-organisms (intracellular synthesis of these particles). The present investigation deals with the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) reduced by Spirulina platensis. The reduced nanoparticle synthesized by the microorganism was materialized to inhibit the pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from the aquaculture system of Tamil Nadu. The highest percentage of distribution of V. parahaemolyticus was recorded in the farm water collected from shrimp farms of Nagapattinam than in the Cuddalore district. The presence of secondary metabolites in qualitative estimation and GCMS revealed the presence of 32 compounds in both acetone and methanol extract. The essential fatty acids eicosane was found to have antibiotic potency against shrimp infected with pathogenic bacteria. The synthesized Spirulina SNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, EDAX, XRD, TEM and SEM. The analysis revealed a spherical structure without any agglomerates whose reduction absorption was at 200–450 nm. The good diffusion method showed inhibition of human and marine pathogen V. parahaemolyticus, exhibiting an inhibitory zone at 15.30 ± 2.21 and 15.19 ± 2.48 mm respectively. Thus, the Spirulina-mediated silver nanoparticles are found to be a simple, economical, and eco-friendly biomaterial to be a potent antibiotic against the pathogenic bacteria found in shrimps.
Classification of elderly pain severity from automated video clip facial action units analysis: A study from a Thai data repository
Authors: Gomutbutra Patama , Kittisares Adisak , Sanguansri Atigorn , Choosri Noppon , Sawaddirak Passakorn , Fakfum Puriwat , Soralamb Sompob , Lettrakarnnon Peerasak
Published: September 2022

Data from 255 Thais with chronic pain were collected at Chiang
Mai Medical School Hospital. After the patients self-rated their
level of pain, a smartphone camera was used to capture faces for 10
s at a one-meter distance. For those unable to self-rate, a video
recording was taken immediately after the move that causes the
pain. The trained assistant rated each video clip for the pain
assessment in advanced dementia (PAINAD). The pain was classified
into three levels: mild, moderate, and severe. OpenFace© was used
to convert the video clips into 18 facial action units (FAUs). Five
classification models were used, including logistic regression,
multilayer perception, naïve Bayes, decision tree, k-nearest
neighbors (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM). Out of the
models that only used FAU described in the literature (FAU 4, 6, 7,
9, 10, 25, 26, 27, and 45), multilayer perception is the most
accurate, at 50%. The SVM model using FAU 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12,
20, 25, 45, and gender had the best accuracy of 58% among the
machine learning selection features. Our open-source experiment for
automatically analyzing video clips for FAUs is not robust for
classifying pain in the elderly. The consensus method to transform
facial recognition algorithm values comparable to the human
ratings, and international good practice for reciprocal sharing of
data may improve the accuracy and feasibility of the machine
learning’s facial pain rater.
Diagnostic Dilemma-Parasitic Ovarian Fibroma with Degeneration: A Case Report
Authors: Singh Sweta , Sahu Pooja , Selvan Advika Thamarai , Naik Suprava
Published: September 2022

Ovarian fibroma is a rare entity and a diagnostic dilemma due to its solid nature and ultrasound findings being similar to uterine fibroid. Ovarian fibroma being parasitic is extremely rare. We report the case of a 35-year-old multiparous woman who presented with a ‘wandering’ abdominal mass of 6 months duration. Clinical examination revealed a 16 weeks size solid, firm, well defined mass in the right lumbar and iliac regions, separate from the uterus on bimanual examination, suggestive of pedunculated subserous fibroid uterus. Ultrasound abdomen with color Doppler evaluation was suggestive of a non-uterine origin of the tumor, probably gastrointestinal stromal tumor. In view of the diagnostic dilemma, MRI was done which showed that the lesion had features characteristic of ovarian fibroma, however bilateral ovaries were normally visualised. Exploratory laparotomy was performed. There was a solid parasitic tumor adherent to the bladder peritoneum and attached to the right ovary by a thin band, which was excised. Histopathology confirmed ovarian fibroma. To conclude, parasitic ovarian fibroma is rare and a careful clinical approach with imaging and surgery helps in solving this diagnostic dilemma.
Public Health Supply Chain Performance of tracer drugs across Primary Health Care Units, Gamo zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Aynoshe Adio , Fenta Teferi Gedif , Gebregeorgise Dawit Teshome
Published: September 2022

Background
Health supply chain performance is a key to strengthening the health system. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the public health supply chain performance of tracer drugs across primary health care units in the Gamo zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia.
Method
A convergent parallel mixed-method was adopted. Quantitative data were collected from 46 primary health care units between April 01 and May 30, 2021. A stratified simple random sampling method was employed. Logistics records and reports, service registers, physical observation, and interviews of key informants were sources of data. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency, and percentages were used to present a result. Qualitative data concerning public health supply chain challenges were collected from key informants by using a semi-structured interview guide. It was analyzed manually using an inductive thematic approach and the result was narrated.
Results
The study revealed that the public health supply chain performance of tracer drugs across primary health care units in the Gamo zone was low. Inventory management KPIs, LMIS report KPIs, and storage condition KPIs were below the national standard. Means of availability (64.8%±14.8%), stocked according to plan (16.5%±9.5%), inventory accuracy rate (65%±17.2%), and stock out rate (64.9%±9.8%) of tracer drugs deviate from ideal. Likewise, the means of LMIS report accuracy rate (64%± 13.6%) and LMIS report completeness (80%±15) are below the standard. Only 81% of assessed primary health care units adhere to good pharmaceutical storage practices. In general, public health supply chain performance of tracer drugs decreases down the levels of primary healthcare units. LMIS reported quality; pharmaceutical distribution; storage condition; low access to public transportation; lack of supply chain workforce training and motivation; low dedicated budgeting and finance for logistics activity; and low support from management were reported as prevailing challenges.
Conclusion
Inventory management, LMIS reporting, and storage practices are areas where gaps in public health program supply chain performance are identified. It leads to wastage and interruption of essential medicines, which affects the quality of healthcare delivery at each level of the primary healthcare units.
Multiple Attribute Trigonometric Decision-making and
its Application to the Selection of Engineers
Authors: Palanikumar M. , Arulmozhi K. , Jana Chiranjibe , Pal Madhumangal
Published: September 2022

It is concerned with a new method for solving multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) problems under sine trigonometric Pythagorean neutrosophic normal interval-valued set (shortly, ST-PyNSNIVS). The ST-PyNSNIVS is a generalization of the Pythagorean neutrosophic interval-valued set (shortly, PyNSIVS), the Pythagorean neutrosophic set (shortly, PyNSS), and the interval-valued neutrosophic set (shortly, IVNSS). In this paper, a new concept of sine trigonometric Pythagorean neutrosophic normal interval-valued weighted averaging (shortly, ST-PyNSNIVWA), sine trigonometric Pythagorean neutrosophic normal interval-valued weighted geometric (shortly, ST-PyNSNIVWG), sine trigonometric generalised Pythagorean neutrosophic normal interval-valued weighted averaging (shortly, ST-GPyNSNIVWA) and sine trigonometric generalized Pythagorean neutrosophic normal interval-valued weighted geometric (shortly, ST-GPyNSNIVWG). Under the operators ST-PyNSNIVWA, ST-PyNSNIVWG, ST-GPyNSNIVWA, and ST-GPyNSNIVWG, we also acquired an algorithm and a owchart that interact with the MADM technique. For the suggested models, which are future expansions of real-life instances, we addressed new sorts of two distances, such as euclidean and hamming distances. The PyNSNIV set technique was used to examine the sine trigonometric aggregation operations. They are more practical and straightforward, and the finest option may be reached in a short period of time. As a result, the defined models conclusions are more exact and closely dependent on Σ. We also compare some of the current models to the suggested models, demonstrating the validity and usefulness of the investigated models. Finally, some enthralling and intriguing findings from the study.
The Impact of Landslides, Fatal Landslides and their Triggers in Pakistan (2003-2019)
Authors: Shabbir Waqas , Omer Talha , Pilz Juergen
Published: September 2022

The actual impact of landslides in Pakistan is highly underestimated and has not been addressed to its full extent. This study focuses on the impact which landslides had in the last 17 years, with focus on mortality, gender of deceased, main triggers (landslides and fatal landslides) and regional identification of the hot spots in Pakistan. Our study identified 1089 landslides (including rockfalls, rockslides, mudslides, mudflows, debris flows) out of which 180 landslides were fatal and claimed lives of 1072 people. We found that rain (rainfall and heavy rainfall) related landslides were deadliest over the entire study period. The main trigger of landslides in Pakistan is heavy rainfall which comprises over 50% of the triggers for the landslide and combined with normal rainfall this rate climbs to over 63%. The second main reason for landslide occurrence is spontaneous (due to rock instability, erosion, climate change and other geological elements) with landslides accounting for 22.3% of all the landslides. Landslides caused by rain related events amounted to 41.67% of the fatalities whereas spontaneous landslides caused 29.44% of the deaths and the human induced events accounted for 25.5% of the fatalities. The fatal landslides accounted for 19.53% deaths of the children. Our study also found that more than 48% of the deadly landslides occurred between the months of January to April whereas the least fatal landslides occurred in the month of June which accounted for only 3% of all the fatal landslides in Pakistan.
The feasibility of reducing the thresholds for biopsy in ACR TIRADS and AI TIRADS
Authors: Fu Chao , Cui Yiyang , Li Jing , Wang Yan , Si Caifeng , Cui Kefei
Published: September 2022

At present, there is still controversy over whether to perform fine needle aspiration (FNA) on sub-centimeter thyroid nodules with high suspicion of malignancy. Our aim was to estimate the feasibility of reducing the original thresholds for biopsy in American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TIRADS) and Artificial Intelligence TIRADS (AI TIRADS). A total of 3201 thyroid nodules with definitive histology obtained were included. Ultrasound categories were assigned according to each TIRADS. We lowered the original FNA thresholds of TR3-TR5 in ACR and AI TIRADS and estimated whether the decreased FNA thresholds could be accepted and used to modified ACR and AI TIRADS. Then, we estimated and compared the diagnostic performance between modified TIRADS and original TRADS to determine if the decreased thresholds could be an effective strategy. 1474 (46.0%) thyroid nodules were diagnosed as malignant after thyroidectomy. Modified ACR TIRADS had higher sensitivity and lower specificity, unnecessary biopsy rate, missed malignancy rate compared with original ACR TIRADS (all P< 0.05). Similar trends were seen in modified AI TIRADS versus original AI TIRADS (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, biopsy of all nodules with TR5 in both ACR TIRADS and AI TIRADS might be an effective strategy, regardless of the nodules dimension. This paper contributes to the contradictory concerning whether perform FNA for the nodules smaller than 10 mm.
Flood Damage Assessment Using Machine-learning Methods
Authors: Anisha A , Malavika K , Erfana K , Dheeraj Kanram , Subahan Abdul , Raj A K Shinsha , Mangalathu Sujith , Davis Robin
Published: September 2022

The flood depth-damage function is commonly used to estimate the damage in structures caused by floods. Although depth-damage functions are convenient to use for flood damage assessment due to its simplicity, they ignore the other flood damage influencing parameters such as the duration of the flood, age of the structure, floor area, type of wall and roof materials, etc. A machine learning-based approach is proposed in this study for the flood damage modelling incorporating all the relevant flood damage parameters. Data from the devastating 2018 flood in Kerala, India’s southernmost state, is gathered, and the collected data is utilised to investigate the applicability of the recently developed Machine learning (ML) classification algorithms, namely Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Ada Boost, XG Boost, Light GBM, Cat Boost, and Support Vector Machine to model the flood damage incorporating all the influencing parameters. The Random Forest model is obtained as the best performing algorithm for flood damage prediction, with an accuracy of 84% for test data set. Further, a SHAP (SHapely Additive exPlanations) analysis is used to estimate the order of significance of the input variables and also to explain the reason for the prediction of flood damage state by the best performing machine learning model.
Bilinear Backlund, Lax Pairs, Lump waves and Soliton interaction of (2+1)-dimensional non-autonomous Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation
Authors: Roy Subrata , Raut Santanu , Kairi Rishi Raj , Chatterjee Prasanta
Published: September 2022

This article describes the the characteristic of integrability via Painleve analysis of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation under the influence of an external force along with a damping. Introducing the Hirota's approach multi-soliton solution of the said equation is acquired in excited systems. Utilizing the obtained solutions, the interaction of solitary wave is observed with special care. It has been observed that Interactive autonomous solitons appear to remain in their original shape after collision. However, the non-autonomous soliton change their shape and directions after collision. The background from which the solitons rises, also significantly changes due to the action of external forces. Further, lump type soliton and some complicated mixed soliton are derived from the bilinear form of the said equation with the appropriate choice of polynomial functions. On the basis of the obtained mixed soliton, the interaction of the strip soliton and lump wave are graphically described. During the investigation of the interaction, fusion type situation is appeared. Finally, from the analytical results of the relevant motions, it is also confirmed that the velocity, maximum altitude and interacting natures of the wave quantities are all influenced by the damping and forcing terms. The interacting natures of the wave quantities are entirely investigated also from numerical understanding.
The impact of childhood burns on academic performance: A matched population-based cohort study
Authors: Halim Nicole , Holland Andrew J. A. , McMaugh Anne , Cameron Cate M. , Lystad Reidar P. , Badgery-Parker Tim , Mitchell Rebecca J.
Published: September 2022

Background: Burn injuries can have a detrimental impact on a young person’s health and social development, which may affect their academic performance. This study aimed to compare academic performance and high school completion of young people hospitalised for a burn compared to young people not hospitalised for an injury.
Methods: A population-based matched case-comparison cohort study of young people aged ≤18 years hospitalised for a burn during 2005-2018 in New South Wales, Australia using linked health and education records. Generalised linear mixed modelling examined risk of performance below the national minimum standard (NMS) on school assessments and generalised linear regression examined risk of not completing high school for young people hospitalised after a burn compared to matched peers.
Results: Young people hospitalised with a burn were below the NMS for reading (ARR: 1.14; 95%CI 1.02-1.49) but not for numeracy (ARR: 1.15; 95%CI 0.94-1.42) when compared to matched peers. Females hospitalised for a burn had a 72% higher risk of poorer literacy compared to their peers (ARR: 1.72; 95%CI 1.33-2.23). Young people hospitalised with a burn had at least twice the risk of not completing Year 10 (ARR: 3.86; 95% CI 1.68-8.86), Year 11 (ARR: 2.45; 95%CI 1.89-3.18), and Year 12 (ARR: 2.09; 95%CI 1.63-2.67) compared to matched counterparts.
Conclusions: Young people hospitalised with a burn displayed poorer academic performance for literacy compared to matched peers and are likely to leave school earlier. Identifying unmet learning support needs of young burn survivors should be investigated.
Glassy Hybrid Network with Excellent Toughness and Self-Healing Ability at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Li Weihang , Wang Hao , Chen Yiwen , Peng Yan , Liu Hui , Wu Haitao , Hou Yujia , Yuan Zhaoyang , Huang Yue , Ye Bang-Jiao , Zhang Hongjun , Wu Jinrong
Published: September 2022

We developed a tough and healable polymeric glass (THG) through tailoring amine-carboxylate salt bridges between a hyperbranched polymer and a high-molecular-weight linear copolymer. The high density of salt bridges leads to high yield strength (up to 43.9 MPa) and Young's modulus (1.1 GPa) of THG. Meanwhile, the large free volume of the hyperbranched polymer and the molecular entanglements of the linear copolymer enable outstanding toughness (up to 86.3 MJ/m3), outperforming most commercial glassy polymers. More interestingly, THG can readily heal mechanical damage at ambient temperature below its glass transition temperature due to the reversible crosslinking and secondary relaxations of the network. Therefore, this approach enables the development of glassy polymers with combination of high strength, excellent toughness and self-healing ability in glassy state.
Machine Learning-based Colorectal Cancer Prediction using Global Dietary Data
Authors: Rahman Hanif Abdul , Ottom Mohammad Ashraf , Dinov Ivo
Published: September 2022

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Active screening for CRC yields detection in increasingly younger cohorts. However, current machine learning algorithms that are trained using older adults and smaller datasets, may not perform well in practice for large populations. Aim To evaluate machine learning algorithms using large datasets accounting for both younger and older adults from multiple regions and diverse sociodemographic. Methods Dietary-related colorectal cancer data was derived for Canada, India, Italy, South Korea, Mexico, Sweden, and United States from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Global Dietary database, and other publicly accessible institutional sites. Nine supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms were evaluated. Results 109,342 data points were used, of which 7,326 had positive CRC labels. Both supervised and unsupervised models performed well in predicting CRC and non-CRC labels. An artificial neural network (ANN) was found to be the optimal algorithm with CRC misclassification of 1% and non-CRC misclassification of 3%. Conclusions ANN models trained on large heterogeneous datasets may be applicable for both younger and older adults. Such models represent effective clinical decision support systems assisting healthcare providers in dietary-related, non-invasive screening that can be applied in large populations. Using optimal algorithms coupled with high compliance to cancer screening is expected to significantly improve early diagnoses and boost the success rate of timely and appropriate cancer interventions.
OCRL is a novel prognostic biomarker and its association with immunoregulation in breast cancer
Authors: Chen Li-jie , Zhu Fan-shuang , Xu Wang-jin , Fang Hong-yan , Wang Lin-yi , Ma Zhao-sheng , Cao Feilin
Published: September 2022

Background: OCRL (Oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe Protein) was originally well-known as the Lowe’s protein. However, the expression, significance and regulation mechanisms of OCRL in any cancers were not clear.
Methods: The bioinformation of breast cancer (BC) patients was required from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), and the expression was validated via IHC (immuno-histochemical analysis), qPCR and western blot. The UALCAN database was used to explore the promoter methylation level of OCRL and its role in gene silencing and survival. The prognostic roles of various clinicopathologic characteristics, including the OCRL, were evaluated by univariate and multivariate regression analysis. OCRL-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their functions were explored by LinkedOmics database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) and immunomodulatory roles were further analyzed with STRING and TISIDB database.
Results: Compared with normal and paracancerous samples, the up-regulated expression of OCRL was identified in BC samples. The OCRL was co-expressed with a variety of unfavorable survival-related genes, which also was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Thus, the prognosis of BC patients with overexpressed OCRL was notably more unfavorable from TCGA database. Also, the hypomethylation of OCRL at certain sites was associated with gene silencing and poor survival. Moreover, the overexpression level of OCRL was negatively associated with the infiltration of the most immune cells and the expression of various immune biomarkers in BC. Finally, a OCRL expression-based nomogram integrating independent prognostic factors was constructed to predict at one-, five-, and ten-year the overall survival (OS).
Conclusion: OCRL was a promising prognostic predictor and potential immune inhibition modulator.
Effects of water gradient change on nutrient resorption in the desert steppe of Northern China
Authors: Bai Liu , Wang Zhongwu , Wang Jing , Li Zhiguo , Ren Haiyan , Sun Hailian , Zhang Guogang , Han Guodong
Published: September 2022

Background: Plant growth is often water limited in drylands, and it has been proposed that alleviation of this resource stress by future increases in reactive precipitation may affect internal plant nutrient cycling, thus influencing grassland ecosystem productivity.
Methods: A 4-year field experiment was performed to examine the effects of water reduction and addition on nutrient concentrations in soil and plants. We studied five dominant plants in Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Inner Mongolia, and through a simulated precipitation experiment, measured the changes in plant leaf nitrogen (N) concentration, nitrogen resorption efficiency (NRE) and phosphorus resorption efficiency (PRE) natural precipitation, 50% water reduction, 50%water addition and 100% water addition. The effects of different water treatments on nutrient resorption efficiency and its influencing factors were analyzed.
Results: Compared with natural precipitation, 100% water addition significantly increased soil moisture and significantly decreased soil available nitrogen. The aboveground biomass of the grassland ecosystem was significantly increased, and the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in green and senescent leaves were reduced, thus reducing NRE and PRE. NRE was significantly negatively correlated with N concentration in senescent leaves, and PRE was significantly negatively correlated with phosphorus concentration in senescent leaves.
Conclusions: Water addition dilutes the nutrient concentration of plant leaves by increasing aboveground biomass, resulting in the reduction of plant nutrient resorption efficiency. Dominant plants are resistant to nutrient poor habitats in the desert steppe of northern China.
CCL20 and CD8A as diagnostic biomarkers for HBV infection-induced hepatic fibrosis development, including immune infiltration in HBV-LF
Authors: Song Jingru , Liu Lu , Wang Zheng , Xie Dong , Azami Nisma Lena Bahaji , Lu Lu , Huang Yanping , Zhang Qin , Sun Mingyu
Published: September 2022

Background

Histologically, hepatic fibrosis still occures progressively in chronic hepatitis B patients, even if HBV-DNA is negative or undetectable. The diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis is beneficial to control the development of it or promote the reversal. Liver biopsy is a traumatic diagnosis, which is the gold standard of diagnosis at present. The diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis badly needs diagnostic biomarkers. We emphasize that a good clinical biomarker for patients should be simple to test and minimally invasive, highly disease, specific,and highly sensitive. Early detection of HBV-LF development is crucial in the prevention, treatment, and prognosis prediction of HBV-LF. In this bioinformatic study, we analyzed the relationship between HBV-LF and immune infiltration and identified key genes to uncover new therapeutic targets.

Objectives

To find potential biomarkers for hepatic fibrosis in the development of chronic hepatic B patients.

Materials and Methods

Two sets of data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were obtained including CHB/ healthy control and CHB/HBV-LF, which were selected for differential expression analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also generated, and key genes and important gene modules involved in the occurrence and development of HBV-LF were identified. These key genes were then analyzed by functional enrichment analysis, module analysis, and survival analysis. Furthermore, the relationship between these two diseases and immune infiltration was explored.

Results

Among the identified genes, 150 were individually associated with CHB and healthy control in the differential gene expression (DGE) analysis. while 14 with CHB and HBV-LF. It was also analyzed in the Robust rank aggregation (RRA) data sets, 34 differential genes were further identified by Cytohubba. Among 34 differential genes, two core genes were determined : CCL20 and CD8A.

Conclusion

CCL20 and CD8A were found to be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HBV-LF. It is instructive for research on the progression of LF in HBV patients, suppression of chronic inflammation, and development of molecularly targeted-therapy for HBV-LF.
Losing the maternal effect gene Nlrp2 alters the ovulated mouse oocytes transcriptome and impacts histone demethylase KDM1B expression
Authors: Anvar Zahra , Chakchouk Imen , Sharif Momal , Mahadevan Sangeetha , Nasiotis Eleni Theodora , Su Li , Liu Zhandong , Wan Ying-Wooi , Veyver Ignatia B.
Published: September 2022

The subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) is a multiprotein complex in oocytes and preimplantation embryos that is encoded by maternal effect genes. The SCMC is essential for zygote-to-embryo transition, early embryogenesis, and critical zygotic cellular processes like spindle positioning and symmetric division. Maternal deletion of Nlrp2, which encodes an SCMC protein, results in increased early embryonic loss and abnormal DNA methylation in embryos. We performed RNA sequencing on pools of oocytes that we isolated and collected from cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) after inducing ovarian stimulation in wild-type and Nlrp2-null female mice. Using a mouse reference genome-based analysis, we found 231 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Nlrp2-null compared to WT oocytes (123 up- and 108 downregulated; adjusted p < 0.05). The DEGs we identified were enriched for processes involved in neurogenesis, gland morphogenesis, and protein metabolism and for post-translationally methylated proteins. When we compared our RNA sequencing results to an oocyte-specific reference transcriptome that contains many previously unannotated transcripts, we found 228 DEGs, including genes not identified with the first analysis. Intriguingly, 68% and 56% of DEGs from the first and second analyses, respectively, overlap with oocyte-specific hyper- and hypomethylated domains. Thus, the differentially expressed transcripts in the oocytes of mice lacking NLRP2 are enriched for genes that overlap with oocyte-specific methylated domains. This is consistent with the known functional link between transcription and methylation in oocytes.
Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle Using Parallel-Series Compensation Circuit
Authors: Modi Vikram , Kumar Praveen , Choudhary Amit Kumar
Published: September 2022

Resonant wireless power transfer is a method of transferring power without having a wire connecting between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. Both sides have a power electronics converter. A single phase full bridge inverter is cascaded to a resonant wireless power transfer circuit on the transmitting side, which is fed through the grid and connected to a power factor correction rectifier to increase power factor or compensate reactive power in order to reduce the amount of input VA needed. A resonant wireless power transfer works on the resonance where maximum power is transferred through wireless to receiving side. Resonant WPT circuit has four different topologies based on the connection of capacitance either connected in series or in parallel among them parallel series connection is used here. A resonant power transfer circuit is used where high power charging is required, and it can transfer power for long-distance as compared to inductive power transfer. The efficiency of Resonant WPT depends on the quality factor of the transmitting and receiving side and also depends on the effective coupling factor of the coil.
Parameterized Complexities of Dominating and Independent Set Reconfiguration
Authors: Bodlaender Hans Leo , Groenland Carla , Swennenhuis Céline M. F.
Published: September 2022

We settle the parameterized complexities of several variants of independent set reconfiguration and dominating set reconfiguration, parameterized by the number of tokens. We show that both problems are XL-complete when there is no limit on the number of moves, XNL-complete when a maximum length l for the sequence is given in binary in the input, and XNLP-complete when l is given in unary. The problems were known to be W[1]- and W[2]-hard respectively when l is also a parameter. We complete the picture by showing membership in those classes. Moreover, we show that for all the variants that we consider, token sliding and token jumping are equivalent under pl-reductions. We introduce partitioned variants of token jumping and token sliding, and give pl-reductions between the four variants that have precise control over the number of tokens and the length of the reconfiguration sequence.
Surface quality and cylindricity of ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted centerless grinding of micro-rod YAG single crystals
Authors: Hu Yuxiu , Li Chen , Wang Xin , Geng Yanquan , Xiao Guijian , Zhang Feihu
Published: September 2022

Micro-rod YAG single crystals are the most commonly used laser crystals for laser gain mediums with a high power. However, brittle fracture and crack damages are easy to occur in the grinding process of micro-rod brittle crystals due to their large length-to-diameter ratio, high brittleness and high hardness. In this work, the modal, frequency and harmonic response of the transducer under ultrasonic elliptical vibration are analyzed by using finite element simulation. Then, the mechanical structure of ultrasonic elliptical vibration system was designed and optimized based on the ultrasonic elliptical vibration theory and finite element simulation. To verify the reliability of the transducer, ultrasonic vibration experiments were are carried out to measure the resonance frequency, amplitude and impedance characteristics of the transducer. The vibration synthesis experiments under different phase differences and different voltages were performed to verify the rationality of the structural design of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration system. An experimental platform of ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted centerless grinding was developed, and UEVCG tests of micro-rod YAG crystals were performed. The influences of voltage, phase difference and pallet angle on surface roughness, PV value and cylindricity of the micro-rod YAG crystals were systematically analyzed. The ultrasonic elliptical vibration parameters were optimized based on the range analysis results of the orthogonal test. The results indicated that ultrasonic elliptical vibration effectively improved the surface quality and cylindricity of the micro-rod YAG crystals compared with traditional grinding. This work will not only enhance the understanding of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration principle, but also provide a technical support for precision and high-efficiency machining of micro-rod brittle materials.
Indoor air quality study among the households of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Authors: Galsuren Jargalsaikhan , Gombojav Enkhjargal , Boldbaatar Buyantushig , Munkhtur Nansalmaa , Namnan Bayarjargal , Shagdar Urantsetseg , Vanya Delgermaa , Lkhagvatseren Urangua , Dambadarjaa Davaalkham
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted to compare whether the indoor air pollutants had changed in 2020 compared to 2019 in accordance with the raw coal use ban. A total 295 households and 10 family health centers were recruited from 6 districts of Sukhbaatar, Bayangol, Chingeltei, Songinokhairkhan, Khan-Uul and Bayanzurkh districts of the Ulaanbaatar city. The average 24-hour concentration of fine particles is 102.7 µg/m3 in total households, which is 2.1 times higher than the Mongolian air quality standard. The average concentration of PM2.5 which was measured in 2019, when the raw coal usage was available, is decreased by 40 percent (from 176.1 µg/m3 to 105.7 µg/m3) compared to the year of 2020 when improved fuel usage was introduced. Particulate matter pollution varied significantly by dwelling and heating types. The concentration of indoor PM2.5 was relatively high (128.4-150.2 µg/m3) in gers and houses with traditional stoves, whereas it was low (81.2–86.3 µg/m3) in gers and houses with improved stoves. PM2.5 concentrations varied diurnally in gers, houses and apartments with peak concentrations from 07:00 to 11:00 in the morning (68–96 µg/m3) and from 18:00 to 20:00 in the evening (71-85.5 µg/m3). PM2.5 concentrations varied by district, with relatively low concentrations in Khan-Uul and Sukhbaatar districts (87.9 µg/m3) as compared to households in Songinokhairkhan and Bayanzurkh districts (108.1 µg/m3). The average 24-hour concentration of carbon monoxide was 17.6 ± 9.2 mg/m3 in gers and houses, which is 2.5 times higher than the WHO recommended level with higher concentrations in houses than in gers. Compared to the winter of 2019 (176.1 µg/m3), the mean concentration of PM2.5 was measured as 105.7 µg/m3 (40% lower) in gers/houses who used refined/improved "Good" fuel in Jan-Feb of 2020. Thus, indoor PM2.5 concentration in gers and houses had decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in winter when improved fuels usage was introduced.
Identification and Analysis of Hub Transcriptional Factors Related to Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Yao Jia , Zhao Qiang , Bai Jinjia , Wang Han , Yao Ruoyu , He Jinfan , Zhang Xin , Zhou Xiaoshuang
Published: September 2022

Background Acetaminophen-induced liver injury
(AILI) is one of the most common causes of acute liver failure, and
its pathogenesis remains unclear and there is a lack of effective
early diagnostic markers.

Material and Methods Based on bioinformatics ,
GEO databases and TF databases，we identify and analyze the hub TFs
in AILI and further evaluate the value of these TFs in the early
diagnosis of AILI.

Results A total of 97 AILI-related
differentially expressed transcriptional factors (DETFs) were
obtained, which were mainly enriched in the transcriptional
activity, rhythmic process, cell fate commitment, liver
development, and hepaticobiliary system development. Ten hub TFs
(MYC, TP53, CEBPB, FOXM1, E2F1, EGR2, FOSL1, JUND, E2F7 and E2F8)
were obtained from the PPI networks. In the early stage of AILI,
the expressions of MYC, TP53, CEBPB, E2F1, JUND, and E2F7
significantly changed compared with the control group (all
P<0.05), and these hub TFs had high sensitivity and
specificity(all AUC ≥0.9); in contrast, the expressions of FOXM1,
EGR2, FOSL1 and E2F8 were not significantly different from those in
the control group (all P＞0.05), and these hub TFs had
certain sensitivity and specificity(all 0.67
≤AUC≤0.79).

Conclusions Ten hub TFs (MYC, TP53, CEBPB,
FOXM1, E2F1, EGR2, FOSL1, JUND, E2F7 and E2F8) are closely related
to AILI, among which MYC, TP53, CEBPB, E2F1, JUND, and E2F7 have
better diagnostic performance for AILI in its early stages. These
findings further understand the pathogenesis of AILI and provide
new diagnostic markers for the early diagnosis of AILI.
A technical guide to TRITEX, a computational pipeline for chromosome-scale sequence assembly of plant genomes
Authors: Marone Marina Püpke , Singh Harmeet Chawla , Pozniak Curtis J , Mascher Martin
Published: September 2022

Background
As complete and accurate genome sequences are becoming easier to obtain, more researchers wish to get one or more of them to support their research endeavors. Reliable and well-documented sequence assembly workflows find use in reference or pan-genome projects.
Results
We describe modifications to the TRITEX genome assembly workflow motivated by the rise of fast and easy long-read contig assembly of inbred plant genomes and the routine deployment of the toolchains in pan-genome projects. New features include the use as surrogates of or complements to dense genetic maps and the introduction of user-editable tables to make the curation of contig placements easier and more intuitive.
Conclusion
Even maximally contiguous sequence assemblies of the telomere-to-telomere sort, and to a yet greater extent, the fragmented kind require validation, correction, and comparison to reference standards. As pan-genomics is burgeoning, these tasks are bound to become more widespread and TRITEX is one tool to get them done. This technical guide is supported by a step-by-step computational tutorial accessible under https://tritexassembly.bitbucket.io/. The TRITEX source code is hosted under this URL: https://bitbucket.org/tritexassembly.
Higher lactate clearance is needed in septic patients with more serious delayed resuscitation: a retrospective cohort study based on MIMIV-IV database
Authors: Liu Taotao , Wang Mei , Yan Xiaoyu , Shi Zhan , Chang Zhigang
Published: September 2022

Background: For patients with delayed resuscitation, the relationship between the lactate clearance (LC) at different periods after the peak lactate level (LACpeak) and mortality is unclear.
Purpose: To explore how higher lactate clearance is suitable for septic patients with different delayed resuscitation times.
Methods: The study retrospectively screened patients with sepsis admitted, from 2008 to 2019, to the ICU within 24 h and who were recorded in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Patients with an initial lactate concentration of 2±0.5 mmol/L and an LACpeak ≥2 mmol/L within 24 hours were included. The baseline data and 28-day mortality were collected. The LACpeak within 24 hours and the following lactate concentrations (LACnext) at 3±1 h, 6±2 h, and 11±3 h were recorded. The LC was calculated. The patients were assigned to the delayed resuscitation group and the nondelayed resuscitation group according to whether the time from the initial lactate level to LACpeak was more than 6 hours. The mortality of the groups whose LC was higher than 10%, 20%, and 30% or not within 3, 6, and 11 hours, respectively, was compared, and survival curves were drawn.
Results: 53,150 medical records were retrospectively screened, and 688 patients with sepsis were enrolled, including 337 patients with delayed resuscitation. The mortality of the delayed resuscitation group was higher than that of the nondelayed resuscitation group [80 (23.74%) vs. 49 (13.96%), P=0.001]. In the delayed resuscitation group, the mortality of the patients with a 6-hour LC greater than 20% was lower than that of the patients with a 6-hour LC less than 20% [17 (19.8%) vs. 16 (36.4%), P=0.040]. Significant differences in mortality appeared between the nonsurvivors and survivors when the 11-hour LC reached 30% [4 (12.9%) vs. 29 (29.3%), P=0.033] but not 20% [10 (23.8%) vs. 23 (26.1%), P=0.855].
Conclusions: When the time to peak lactate level exceeds 6 hours as sepsis resuscitation is delayed, mortality can be reduced if the LC reaches 20%, not 10%, in the following 6 hours. LC was needed to reach 30% to reduce mortality if the subsequent resuscitation persisted over 11 hours.
Blockchain Based Secured Vehicle Insurance Framework using Hyperledger Composer
Authors: Hombalimath Archana , Mangla Neha
Published: September 2022

The manual settlement of traditional vehicle insurance policies is atroublesome operation. The settlement procedure is difficult due to anumber of factors, including concealed requirements from the insurer orcharges of fraud by the insured. Additionally, this method takes a longperiod, which makes it incredibly ineffective. The use of blockchain technologyand smart contracts in the vehicle insurance industry has thepotential to completely alter this situation. Any transaction or modificationto a block is made following the decentralized validator entity,not a specific individual. The smart contract is a special feature that isrecorded on the blockchain and is activated when certain requirementsare met. This study proposes a framework for using blockchain-basedsmart contracts for vehicle insurance contracts. A private hyperledgernetwork is used to host this blockchain and intelligent contract-basedinfrastructure. The JavaScript programming language is used to createsmart contracts. To verify the transactions, the system employsthe Proof of Authority consensus mechanism. This framework canaddress all the safety and confidence problems associated with traditionalinsurance policies through the deployment of blockchain technology.
Delayed gastric emptying in robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Mao Shih-Hao , Shyr Bor-Shiuan , Chen Shih-Chin , Wang Shin-E , Shyr Yi-Ming , Shyr Bor-Uei
Published: September 2022

The study of robotic pancreaticouodenectomy (RPD) focusing on delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is seldom reported. This study explored the incidence of DGE in RPD with extracorporeal hand-sewn gastrojejunostomy involving downward positioning of the stomach. Patients with periampullary lesions undergoing RPD or open pancreaticouodenectomy (OPD) were included for comparison. A variety of clinical factors were evaluated for the risk of developing DGE. There were 409 (68.2%) RPD and 191 (31.8%) OPD in this study. DGE occurred in 7.7% of patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy, with 4.4% in RPD and 14.7% in OPD, p < 0.001. Nausea/vomiting (12.6% vs. 6.3%) and jaundice (9.9% vs. 5.2%) were significant preoperative risk factors for DGE, while malignancy (8.7% vs. 2.2%) and lymph node involvement (9.8% vs. 5.6%) were significant pathological risk factors. Intraoperative blood loss > 200 c.c. was the other factor related to DGE (11.2% vs. 4.4% in those with blood loss ≤ 200 c.c.). None of the postoperative complications was significantly associated with DGE. Hospital stay was significantly longer in the group with DGE (median, 37 vs. 20 days in the group without DGE). After multivariate analysis by binary logistic regression, compared with OPD, RPD was the only independent factor associated with a lower incidence of DGE. RPD with extracorporeal hand-sewn antecolic, antiperistaltic, and inframesocolic gastrojejunostomy via a small umbilical wound involving careful downward positioning of the stomach was associated with a low incidence of DGE and presented as the most powerful independent predictor of this condition.
Impact of silvopastoral system on the soil physicochemical properties in China: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Junwen , Qin Xinyi , Tan Youquan , Yang Yuhan , Ping Xiaoyan
Published: September 2022

Silvopastoral system has been proposed as a sustainable management system with both ecological and economic benefits compared with open pasture. However, little research compared the ecological impact of silvopastoral system compared with pure forest. Therefore, this study focused on the ecological benefits of silvopastoral system on the soil physicochemical properties under different construction modes and construction periods in China based on meta-analysis. From 29 references we extracted a total of 492 paired data that were used for the meta-analysis. Results showed that silvopastoral system could improve soil physical properties by decreasing soil bulk density and soil pH value. However, no consensus conclusion could be found on soil water content except significant increase in surface soil water content in southern China. Silvopastoral system significantly improved the top-soil nutrient contents. Construction of silvopastoral system significantly increased soil available nitrogen contents of all three soil depths and soil available phosphorus content of 0-40cm soil depth. However, no significant effect could be found for soil available potassium content. Silvopastoral system significantly improved soil organic matter content for all three soil depths. Sub-group analysis showed that 2–3 years after construction of silvopastoral system maximally improved soil available nitrogen and phosphorus contents, while soil available potassium content decreased with the construction period. Our results showed that short-term period construction of silvopastoral systems are effective practices to increase soil nutrient content especially in the temperate climate zone. However, we still need long-term monitoring experiments to verify the long-term ecological effect of silvopastoral system.