bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some problems of translating philosophical texts
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kuranbek A.
Published: March 2024

Despite the fact that there are many different nations and languages, it is possible to speak about the uniformity of human beginnings in the world since the beginning of time. Not just similar to each other, but common both in external form and content are the configurations of human cognition, understanding of the world and their place in it, their relationships with each other, universal values. Nevertheless, the people living in each continent or climatic zone have their own unique customs and traditions, ways of thinking and language, depending on their way of life, economy, religious beliefs, economy and culture. Translation work is the most unique form of creative activity of the human mind, aimed at gathering and uniting this seemingly unrelated diversity, establishing contact and the possibility of communication between cultures. Based on the established system of views and concepts in literary studies and linguistics, cultural studies and philosophy, the article presents a detailed analysis of the level of study of translation as an urgent problem of science, art and philosophy, as well as provides an overview of the history, theory and practice of translation, its place in world culture. The experience of translating scientific literature and philosophical texts from world languages into Russian and Kazakh languages is analyzed, its connection with actual problems of modern society is studied, including the influence of translation on the implementation of synthesis and intercultural dialogue, on the development of science and philosophy. The paper evaluates the originality of the philosophical approach to the phenomenon of translation.
Improving pension savings investing: The case of Russia
Authors: Abramov Alexander E. , Chernova Maria I.
Published: March 2024

Many countries seek to improve their pension systems by introducing corporate and individual savings plans to address the challenges of demography, social security, and economy. However, the establishing of a long-term, reliable savings system encounters multiple impediments. The retrospective analysis of Russian pension reforms offers some recommendations on solving the typical problems faced by reformers. Thus, in 2002 the Russian pension system was implemented by a mandatory savings pillar, which 20 years later the Ministry of Finance substituted by voluntary savings­. As this period appeared shorter than the average life span, this measure proved ­ineffective in increasing pension payouts for future retirees. The frequent regulatory changes and the shrinking workforce coverage as the state prioritized the welfare of the current pension recipients also infringed upon the interests of future retirees. Pension savings investments were further affected by the economic policy aimed at the minimal return requirements which resulted in a more conservative asset allocation strategy and inefficient active management in non-state pension funds. The study demonstrates that policy actions to overcome these impediments and to raise the replacement rates for future retirees should include (a) steady regulations within a pension savings system of no shorter than 40 years; (b) the savings pillar covering no less than 80% of the workforce; and (c) the asset allocation strategy involving a bigger share of equity, longer time horizon and clear benchmarks. These recommendations can be applied to emerging market economies concerned with improving and reforming their pension systems.
ДИДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЯ ПАРАДИГМИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗАКЛАДОМ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Лебедєв М.К.
Published: March 2024

Статтю присвячено вивченню процесів цифровізації діяльності закладів вищої освіти. Зазначено, що широке впровадження інноваційних технологій, розповсюдження комп'ютерно-опосередкованої комунікації, інтеграція цифрових систем зумовила необхідність в синергії фахових знань та цифрової освіченості. У статті виокремлені основні виклики, з якими стикається ЗВО у створенні єдиного цифрового простору та застосуванні відповідних управлінських інструментів. Розглянуто використання сучасних захищених інформаційних систем у реаліях управління ЗВО. Ідентифіковано кібербезпеку як один з пріоритетних елементів балансу приватності та доступності даних. Проаналізовано перспективи використання цифрових каналів комунікації в репутаційному менеджменті університету. Визначено, що цифровізація управлінських процесів є засобом збереження актуальних позицій та підвищення конкурентоспроможності традиційного університету.
ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА НАПРЯМИ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ТРУДОВОЇ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ МОЛОДІ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Серікова О.М.
Published: March 2024

Стаття присвячена аналізу проблем інтеграції молоді до зайнятості. Досліджено особливості ринку праці України, які вплинули на зміну характеру соціально-трудових відносин та можливості молоді реалізувати свій трудовий потенціал. Наголошується на проблемі відчуження молоді, що формує соціальні та економічні ризики для українського суспільства. Наведено цілі та шляхи удосконалення інтеграції молоді до ринку праці, які охоплюють реформування шкільної, професійної та вищої освіти, діяльності територіальних центрів зайнятості, соціальної політики. Політика молодіжної зайнятості відіграє важливу роль для подальшого соціально-економічного розвитку країни. Освітня політика невіддільна від молодіжної політики зайнятості, тому реформи мають відбуватися комплексно з урахуванням процесів на ринку праці, в системі соціально-трудових відносин та в системі освіти.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ СИСТЕМ ФІСКАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В УМОВАХ УКРАЇНСЬКО-КИТАЙСЬКОЇ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ СПІВПРАЦІ
Authors: Шу Чжан , Яструбський М.Я.
Published: March 2024

Фіскальна політика держави є визначальною у процесі державотворення. Водночас притаманною властивістю фіскальної політики є її динамічність. Особливо це стає актуальним у XXI столітті, коли на перший план виходить формування інформаційного суспільства з характерними для нього властивостями і характеристиками. У таких умовах формування фіскальної політики відбувається в умовах глобалізації, взаємопереплетення національних економік і їх сегментарності у світовій економічній системі. Виникає потреба узгодженості національної фіскальної політики з країнами партнерами по торгово-економічній співпраці, а також враховуючи вимоги економічних спільнот й об’єднань планетарного масштабу. Торгово-економічна співпраця Китаю і України, її масштабність спонукає до узгодженості фіскальної політики обох країн з метою вироблення взаємовигідних засад розвитку відносин в економічній і політичній площині. Враховуючи суттєвість пливу політичного чиннику на фіскальну політику його включено як складову у процесі моделювання фіскальної політики.
РИЗИКИ ГОСПОДАРСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ АГРАРНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ТА ЇХ НЕЙТРАЛІЗАЦІЯ В УМОВАХ АКТИВНИХ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ
Authors: Гривківська О.В. , Гейжа Є.О.
Published: March 2024

У представленій роботі досліджується проблематика, пов'язана з ризиками, які виникають на аграрних підприємствах під час воєнного конфлікту. Автори розглядають основні ризики, що впливають на діяльність аграрних підприємств. Обґрунтовано, що військові дії в Україні провокують ризики аграрного сектору економіки, наслідки яких можуть бути непередбачуваними. Представлено алгоритм нейтралізації ризиків, що передбачає реалізацію низки заходів: ідентифікація ризиків, оцінка ризиків, розробка стратегії мінімізації ризиків, впровадження стратегії мінімізації ризиків, моніторинг та оновлення стратегій. заходи, які можуть бути прийняті підприємствами для зниження негативних наслідків військових дій на території України. Розкрито ризик зниження обсягів виробництва аграрної продукції, що формується під впливом таких акторів, як пошкодження інфраструктури, втрата доступу до земельних ділянок, нестача робочої сили, недоступність до сировини. Узагальнено ризики діяльності аграрних підприємств в умовах воєнних дій на території України: ризик зниження виробництва, ризик погіршення умов зберігання та транспортування; ризик зниження попиту на аграрну продукцію; ризик зміни обстановки на ринках. Розкрито механізми, які допомагають нейтралізувати ці ризики: механізм диверсифікації виробництва; використання страхових полісів; механізм посилення безпеки діяльності; механізм розвитку альтернативних ринків збуту; механізм державної підтримки діяльності аграрних підприємств. Обґрунтовано, що важливо мати ретельний аналіз ризиків та розробити план дій для кожного можливого сценарію їх мінімізації/ліквідації, що дозволить більш ефективно реагувати на небажані події і забезпечити стабільність господарської діяльності підприємства.
METHODS OF SUPPORTING ACCEPTANCE OF ECONOMICLY BASED DECISIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE QUALITY SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Filatova Tetiana , Ivchenko Iryna ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: March 2024

The aim is to influence the level of preparedness in both IT specialties and economic fields closely tied to IT technologies within higher or secondary educational institutions to meet the needs and requirements of diverse companies. Collaborative efforts between businesses and education can effectively tackle the challenge of cultivating high-quality potential personnel and enhancing students' readiness by establishing a standardized set of business demands.When outlining the requirements for IT specialties, crucial vectors encompass not only work experience and skills but also business qualities and the ability to collaborate in a work collective, aligning with company values. To precisely define the competencies of future employees, we advocate for the Delphi method as one of the best approaches. This method involves expert judgment and comprises multiple rounds of anonymous surveys within an expert group to reach a consensus.By fostering interactions between companies and educational institutions in the study, surveys can collect statistics and utilize educational plans that align with organizational interests. Proposed competencies by experts may convey similar semantic meanings but be articulated with different terminology. Additionally, merging similar competencies into more comprehensive ones is feasible. In the era of rapid IT development, addressing this issue can be accomplished through existing text analysis and comparison techniques in databases. Consequently, the unification of competencies can be established during the learning process.
BEHAVIOURAL ASPECTS OF INVESTMENT DECISIONS
Authors:   State Tax University, Davydenko Nadiia , Buriak Alina ,   State Tax University, Kliuchka Olha ,   State Tax University
Published: March 2024

Behavioural finance theory suggests that patterns of overconfidence, overreaction and overregulation are common to many investors, and that such groups can be large enough to prevent a company's share price from reflecting economic indicators. Modern empirical studies show that investment decisions are influenced by a number of subjective factors. These subjective factors are behavioural biases. They provide a number of new approaches to explaining investment activity. The article studies the influence of behavioural factors on the investment decisions of managers, especially on the investment decisions of corporate relations subjects. It was found that knowing the main reasons for irrational actions of corporate relations subjects, it is possible to predict and control such situations and, as a result, to avoid negative consequences of irrational behaviour.
PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Hovda Dmytro , Rusyn-Hrynyk Roman ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Salo Bohdan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: March 2024

In the modern retail sector, there is a constant development of information systems aimed at meeting customer needs and increasing business efficiency. Recent trends include widespread use of mobile applications, which streamline the purchasing process by providing customers with convenient tools for browsing inventory, placing orders, and making payments directly through smartphones. This responds to the growing demand for mobile shopping among consumers. Overall, information systems in the retail sector continue to evolve, adapting to changes in technologies and consumer demand, allowing businesses to remain competitive and successful in the market. The article argues that the formation and development of information systems in retail entrepreneurship are driven by nine key principles. These principles include automation of business processes, integration and interaction, analytics and reporting, information security, mobility, continuous development, collaboration with suppliers and customers, trend monitoring, and user support. It is demonstrated that understanding the relationships between these principles plays a crucial role in successful planning, development, and implementation of information systems in retail enterprises. Possessing this information enables achieving an optimal level of coordination, efficiency, and security in managing information resources, enhancing competitiveness, and customer service quality. Such an approach is critically important in the modern business environment, where information technologies play a decisive role in the success of enterprises. Understanding the relationships between principles helps companies implement innovations aimed at improving information systems to effectively respond to changes in the business and market requirements. This deep insight promotes productivity growth, risk reduction, and competitiveness enhancement. Therefore, understanding and mastering information about the relationships between the principles of formation and development of information systems are crucial for achieving a successful information strategy in retail enterprises.
COMPREHENSIVE MECHANISM FOR STIMULATING TOURIST ATTRACTIVENESS OF VINNYTSIA OBLAST
Authors:   Vinnytsia Institute of Trade and Economics of State University of Trade and Economics, Antoniuk Kateryna
Published: March 2024

The article examines the mechanism of forming a strategy for stimulating tourist attraction by forming its purpose, goals and objectives, as well as the results of its implementation. An example of one of these strategies is the program of smart tourism specialization of the Vinnytsia region as an example of a complex mechanism for stimulating the tourist attractiveness of this region. It is noted that this mechanism is a model that should be based on a SWOT analysis of the tourism industry of the Vinnytsia region, the specifics of the tourism industry in the region, the specification of expected results taking into account promising strategic decisions, as well as the formation of a specific strategy for the smart specialization of tourism in the region. The work also developed a methodical model for the formation of a smart tourism specialization program in the Vinnytsia region. The expected results from the implementation of this mechanism and the indicators of these results are defined. Also, during the formation of a complex mechanism for stimulating the tourist attractiveness of the Vinnytsia region, attention was paid to the logical division of the region's territories, namely, an analysis of the regions of the region was carried out and their tourist specialization was determined, which made it possible to make a more thorough analysis of the territories and tourist destinations, which in turn will make it possible to more accurately form strategic tourism goals to attract potential investors. The result of such a proposal is a map of the specialization of districts of Vinnytsia region by types of tourism based on available tourist resources. The importance and effectiveness of using the specified mechanism for stimulating the tourist attractiveness of the Vinnytsia region is confirmed by the determination of regional development priorities on the basis of smart specialization, which is mentioned in the new cycle of strategic planning in the field of regional development until 2027. It is noted that the implementation of the mechanism of increasing the tourist attractiveness of the Vinnytsia region through the implementation of smart specialization requires the comprehensiveness of all sectors of the economy and representatives of the state and business.
ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES – UNREALISHED POTENTIAL FOR STRATEGIC COOPERATION AND PLAN FOR UKRAINIAN RENOVATION
Authors:   SE “Derjzovnishinform”, Yemets Vadym
Published: March 2024

The article examines the state of development of economic ties between Ukraine and Scandinavian countries in such areas as: trade, investment activity, security, humanitarian and financial support of Ukraine, cooperation in other areas. Ukraine imports a fairly wide range of goods from the Scandinavian countries (from land transport, pharmaceutical products, electronics to food and paper), investment activity is quite moderate, the most important thing for Ukraine is the support from the Scandinavian countries in terms of financial support for humanitarian and military projects. projects in the field of energy. The second chapter offers possible directions for deepening cooperation between Ukraine and the Scandinavian countries for reconstruction in the post-war period. In our opinion, the formation of a new economic landscape in Ukraine, in the logic of state leadership (according to the Scandinavian principle), requires the development of a long-term Program for the development of the real sector of the economy (drawn up with the involvement of specialists from the countries of the Northern European Union), which should become a key guiding document for the development of the production activities of state and private enterprises in the post-war period. The following are the components that could become a support for the development of the economy of Ukraine, subject to the involvement of experience, technologies, finances and equipment received from the countries of the Northern European Union: development of the energy sector; development of elements of the closed cycle economy; development of agriculture, forestry and marine industry; infrastructure development; development of human capital. Taking into account the significant level of lag behind Ukraine from developed countries, in practically all spheres of the economy, the countries of the Northern European Union have the potential to provide a powerful scientific and resource base to provide not only consulting support on the formation of a socially-oriented advanced economic model, but also on issues related to economic development, subject to the preservation of the environment and the need to adapt to climate change.
WAYS TO SOLVE LOGISTICAL PROBLEMS OF THE BLACK SEA REGION OF UKRAINE AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE RUSSIAN BLOCKADE OF BLACK SEA PORTS
Authors:   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Chumak Andriy
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of logistical problems caused for Ukraine and the world by the Russian blockade of the Black Sea and sea routes of the Black Sea region. The author describes in detail the negative consequences of the blockade (a sharp reduction in the export of Ukrainian grain, an increase in world food prices, the threat of a food crisis in the countries of Africa and Asia, economic losses for Ukraine), explores ways to solve this problem, for example, the organization of one's own grain corridor with the help of increasing military presence in certain parts of the Black Sea, as well as the use of alternative ways of transporting products through river ports, railways and roads, compares the economic feasibility and general capabilities of Ukraine and its allies in providing cargo transportation, calculates the total effect of simultaneous use as the Ukrainian "grain corridor" itself, as well as a set of possible alternative modes of transportation. The article reveals the main problems of using alternative methods of transportation of export products of Ukraine, as well as possible ways to solve these problems. The author emphasizes the significant economic losses that Ukraine received from the blockade of the Black Sea by the Russians, primarily because the export of food from our country is a rather important source of filling the state treasury with foreign currency, which makes it possible to restrain possible, large inflation in wartime conditions, and to reduce currency interventions by the National Bank of Ukraine. The author also describes in detail the military maneuvers used by the representatives of the armed forces of Ukraine to reduce the presence of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation in the western part of the water area, such as: the sinking of the cruiser "Moskva", the return to the world of control of gas and oil production facilities, as well as the liberation of the island "Zmiiny". It was emphasized that the illegal Russian blockade of the Black Sea is a serious challenge for Ukraine and the world. Overcoming it will require joint efforts and coordination of actions at the international level.
THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES ON THE CHOICE OF A MODEL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETITIVE POTENTIAL OF TOURISM INDUSTRY ENTITIES
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Ierko Iryna
Published: March 2024

The article elucidates the impact of transformational processes on the choice of a model for the development of the competitive potential of tourism industry entities. The classification of transformational processes is described with an emphasis on their economic content, direction, main tasks, reasons, and scale. The study highlights the main stages (phases) of transformational processes. They are: turbulence (caused by the appearance of a "transformer" and accompanied by the instability of the development of the tourism industry); fluctuation (causes a deviation in the development of the competitive potential of tourism industry subjects (imbalance); bifurcation (appearance of a deep crisis in the development of the competitive potential of the tourism industry entities); deformation ("appearance" of first signs of a new model for the development of the competitive potential of tourism industry entities); transformation (emergence of a new model of development of the competitive potential of tourism industry entities). The article offers an overview of the research papers by Ukrainian and foreign scientists regarding the experience of applying models of economic transformation in countries in the post-war period with a focus on two main models of transformation: the gradualist model and the "shock therapy" model. The “gradualist” model is built on gradual transformational changes, involving the experience of the "old" model and its elements. In this model, the state plays an important role in regulating the processes of transformation of the competitive potential of the entities of the tourism industry. The model of “shock therapy” is a more radical method of transformational changes and involves in-depth intensive changes that fully destroy the "stereotypes of the old model". In Ukraine, the most acceptable model of transformation of the competitive potential of the tourism industry subjects is the "shock therapy" model. The implementation of such a model will ensure a transformational breakthrough in the economy and the development of the competitive potential of tourism industry entities, in particular. This will create the basis for intensifying the reproduction of competitive advantages and safe sustainable development of the tourism industry as a whole. The result of transformational changes will be leadership in the international arena of providing tourist services and high efficiency of all economic processes in the postwar period.
METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC RISK OF HIGH-RISK OBJECTS
Authors:   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Lesniak Oleksandr
Published: March 2024

Based on a thorough analysis of the leading Ukrainian and foreign approaches, the authors of the article consider the concept of ecological and economic risk in the system of building ecological and economic security of an enterprise that is an operator of a potentially hazardous object or objects. The article examines the main methods of assessing environmental and economic risk, namely, the statistical method, the method of expert assessments, the method of using analogues, the method of cost-effectiveness, the economic and mathematical method, the fault-tree and event-tree method etc. Particular attention is paid to the division of approaches to assessing environmental and economic risk into qualitative and quantitative ones. The author highlights the advantages and disadvantages of using these methods and draws attention to the widespread approach of integrated use of these methods with the generalised use of the analytical approach, and builds an algorithm for such an assessment. The author generalises the mathematical apparatus for determining the level of risk with regard to environmental and economic aspects and adjusts these approaches depending on the existing legislative norms, primarily with regard to the risks of losses due to regulatory and excessive pollution. The author proposes an integrated approach to the use of the concept of environmental and economic risk in the process of assessing a more sincere concept – the level of environmental and economic security of an enterprise, in particular, within the framework of developing plans for localisation and elimination of accidents and their consequences and formation of the State Electronic Register of High Risk Objects. In particular, it emphasises the importance of taking into account environmental and economic risks when developing the analytical part of the plans for localisation and elimination of accidents and their consequences, which contains an analysis of hazards, possible accidents and their consequences. Such plans are required by the Law of Ukraine "On High Risk Facilities" for Category 1 and 2 high risk facilities.
Acute Pericoronitis of Lower Third Molar: A Case Report
Authors: Frinces Sharon Sesita , Andriani Ika
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Pericoronitis is defined as an inflammation of the soft tissue around the crown of impacted tooth or partially erupted tooth. The main cause of pericoronitis is the limited space around third mandibular tooth and the overlying gingival flap. Case report: A 23-year-old patient came to RSGM UMY of operator’s motivation to treat her lower left tooth. Initially patient felt her gums were swollen and painful in the past 3-year. Objective examination showed an operculum covering distolingual and distobuccal side of 38 teeth with operculum probing depth 3,5 mm, Bleeding on Probing (-), palpation (-), Oral health Index 0.83 and Plaque index 11.3%. Treatment planning for this patient was initial therapy on the first visit. The second visit was operculectomy. The third visit was weekly control. Results: Two weeks after operculectomy procedure showed a post operculectomy area with a wound that had entered the healing phase (remodelling) with operculum probing depth 3,5 mm, Bleeding on Probing (-), palpation (-), Oral health Index 0.83 and Plaque index 10.3%. Conclusion: Surgical approach such as operculectomy is done and known as the golden standard to treat pericoronitis.  Operculectomy is known as the most favourable treatment as it is simple, easy to perform, less time consuming, and believed as the most effective method for treating pericoronitis. The goal of operculectomy is to enforce a minimal or no post-operative complications and proper wound healing.
Combination of Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF) in Advanced Periodontitis Stage Treatment
Authors: Harsas Nadhia Anindhita , Tadjoedin Fatimah Maria , Sulijaya Benso , Hutomo Dimas Ilham , Purba Melinda Rabekka , Sasri Cahyaning Wulan
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The treatment of advanced periodontitis has been a challenge for clinicians. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate that contains various growth factorss and cytokines that promote tissue regeneration. The use of PRF in combination with other regenerative materials and techniques has been shown to be effective in the treatment of intrabony defects. This case series aims to evaluate the efficacy of PRF combinations in the regenerative treatment of patients with advanced periodontitis. Case report: Two patients diagnosed with advanced periodontitis (stage III/IV grade C) were selected for this study. After the completion of periodontal initial therapy, there were still pockets with a probing depth ≥ 5 mm (5–10 mm). Therefore, surgical interventions were planned. The first case used the combination of PRF with bone graft and guided tissue regeneration (GTR), while open flap debridement (OFD) with the addition of PRF and bone graft to create sticky bone was done in the second case. Three to five months of follow-up showed favorable outcomes, as evidenced by reductions in probing depth (PD), gains in clinical attachment level, and filling of bone defects, as well as improvements in patient comfort and rapid wound healing. Conclusion: The combination of PRF with grafting material and/or GTR has been shown to be a beneficial therapeutic approach for periodontal regenerative therapy. Platelet-rich fibrin in periodontal surgery may accelerate the tissue healing process.
Technological transformation in journalism: Journalists’ techno-cultural experiences from actor-network perspective
Authors: Şendur Atabek Gülseren
Published: March 2024

Objective: Technological transformations have profoundly changed the journalism professions. These transformational processes have been experienced by journalists in a techno-cultural environment where their personal and collective memories were shaped. This study employs oral history as the data collection technique in order to explore the details of this techno-cultural change from the actor-network theory (ANT) perspective. Research methods: A sample of 28 senior Turkish journalists were interviewed about their experiences on the technological transformations in their professional life. The transcribed text from these narrations were qualitatively analyzed by NVivo. Results: Journalists agreed that their work was more satisfactory during their past career, and they had faced some difficulties in new forms of technical practices. They also remembered how they were able to tackle some unexpected technical problems by introducing creative inventions. They generally acknowledged the negative effects of technology on the job cuts. Cognitive value: Interviewees’ narrations display the details of the change in journalism professions.
EVALUASI PROSES PEMBELAJARAN PJOK DI SMK AGRIBISNIS KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Lahia Ilham , Perdima Feby Elra , Sumantri Ajis
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the implementation of evaluation in the learning of Physical Education, Sports, and Health at Agribusiness Vocational Schools in Bengkulu City. This research is a descriptive research. The method used is a survey with data collection techniques using a questionnaire in the form of a closed questionnaire. The subjects in this study were PJOK students at SMKN Agribusiness Bengkulu City. Data analysis techniques using quantitative descriptive analysis as outlined in the form of percentages. The results showed that the implementation of the PJOK evaluation at the Agribusiness Vocational School of Bengkulu City based on the assessment aspect factors in PJOK learning was in the category of "very poor" at 0% (0 teachers), "poor" at 33.33% (8 teachers), "adequate" at 25.00% (6 teachers), "good" at 25.00% (7 teachers), and "very good" at 16.67% (4 teachers). The conclusion of the research evaluation of physical education learning is in the Less category.
Фиброармированные бетоны для трубопроводов бесканальной прокладки
Authors: ПУХАРЕНКО Юрий Владимирович , ПАНТЕЛЕЕВ Дмитрий Андреевич , ЖАВОРОНКОВ Михаил Ильич
Published: March 2024

Рассмотрен разработанный авторами статьи способ устройства тепло- и гидроизоляции трубопроводов бесканальной прокладки. Предлагается конструкция, состоящая из трубы-водовода, теплоизоляционного слоя из фибропенобетона пониженной средней плотности, а также наружного гидроизоляционного слоя из плотного тонкозернистого фибробетона дополнительно армированного сеткой из тонкой стальной проволоки. Проведенные исследования показали способность данной конструкции обеспечивать требуемые эксплуатационные гидро- и теплотехнические характеристики, долговечность и ремонтопригодность трубопроводов бесканальной прокладки. Кроме того, разработанный способ изоляции может быть сравнительно просто реализован (как вручную, так и с применением средств механизации) в процессе прокладки трубопровода с применением местных недорогих и недефицитных материалов, в том числе в условиях пониженной температуры при проведении строительных работ в Арктической зоне Российской Федерации.
Effect of Grain Size on High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of IN792 Superalloy
Authors: Bang Ji-Ye , Lee Dong-Hyun , Lee Soo Yeol
Published: March 2024

It is known that Ni-based superalloys possess superior mechanical properties in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. One of the drawbacks of these alloys is their tendency to oxidize at high temperatures. Improving their oxidation properties and obtaining a fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanism of their oxidation behavior are critical for high temperature applications. In this work, we manufactured IN792 Ni-based alloys with two different grain sizes to examine the effect of grain size on oxidation behavior at 850oC and 980oC. The oxidation rate became faster as the grain size became finer, and at 850oC, the oxide layer was composed of external oxides (TiO2/NiO, Ni-Co-Cr-O, Cr2O3), internal oxides (TiTaO4, non-oxidized layer, Al2O3) and a precipitate-free zone (PFZ). At 980oC, this structure became unstable due to the diffusion of Ni, and in particular, a lot of exfoliation of external oxides occurred in the coarse grain. Regardless of the structure of the oxide layers, the thickness of the PFZ increased significantly in the fine grains with a low  fraction. Compared to the hardness of external Cr-rich oxides of ~500 HV, the hardnesses of the internal oxides consisting of Al-rich and Ni-Al-O were approximately 1000 HV and 1500 HV, respectively. Therefore, the most vulnerable position is expected to be the interfacial boundary between the external oxide and internal oxide, and this resulted in the ease of exfoliation of the external oxide in this location, by exposing the Ni-Al-O oxide to the surface in the coarse grain at 980oC. The current work can be a useful method in the design of Ni-based superalloys by controlling the grain size of the components.
Rice Stripe Virus Infection Facilitates the Reproductive Potential of Laodelphax striatellus
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Yu Youxin , Xu Meiqi , Liao Jingyan , Shao Chenjia , Fu Liran , Qian Mingshi , Xu Gang , Yang Guoqing
Published: March 2024

The rice stripe virus (RSV) is transmitted by the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus in a persistent and circulative–propagative manner. During the last few decades, RSV has caused serious disease outbreaks in rice fields in China. The results of long-term coevolution have led to complex and diverse relationships between viruses and vector insects, and understanding these interactions is critical for the management of diseases and vector organisms. In this study, three groups of comparative experiments were performed to investigate the effects of RSV infection on the reproductive parameters, vitellogenin (Vg), and Vg receptor (VgR) expressions of L. striatellus. The results showed that RSV infection promoted the fecundity, hatchability, and Vg and VgR expressions of L. striatellus but had no effect on the preoviposition period and oviposition period. Furthermore, the RNA interference of the nucleocapsid protein (CP) gene and the injection of the CP antibody in RSV-viruliferous L. striatellus reduced the fecundity, hatchability, and Vg and VgR expressions, further strengthening the hypothesis that RSV may manipulate the reproductive behavior of insect vectors to promote its own transmission. The results of this study can further reveal the interaction mechanism of virus–vector insects in reproduction and virus transmission, and provide new insights for the control of insect-borne viruses.
Increased Soil Soluble Nitrogen Stocks and Decreased Nitrogen Leaching Loss in Rice Paddy Soil by Replacing Nitrogen Fertilizer with Chinese Milk Vetch
Authors: Yang Jing , Guo Wenqi , Zhao Chengsen , Zhou Biqing , Yang Wenhao , Xing Shihe , Ding Fenghua
Published: March 2024

Reducing soil nitrogen leaching losses and improving nitrogen-use efficiency with effective fertilization management strategies are extremely important for sustainable agricultural development. A 2-year field study was executed with the same nitrogen input in a subtropical rice production system in Southeast China, using chemical fertilizers as a control (CK), to study the influences of different application amounts of Chinese milk vetch (CMV), i.e., 15,000 kg hm−2 (CL), 30,000 kg hm−2 (CM), and 45,000 kg hm−2 (CH), on soil soluble nitrogen stock and leaching risks in a clay paddy field. The results showed that the soil stocks of soluble inorganic nitrogen (SIN) and soluble organic nitrogen (SON) in a 0–60 cm soil profile under different application amounts of CMV significantly increased by 12.43–36.03% and 19.43–71.75% compared with CK, respectively, which was more favorable to soil SON accumulation. In the 2-year experiment, the total dissolved nitrogen leaching loss was 23.51–61.88 kg hm−2 under different application rates of CMV, of which 50.08–62.69% was leached by dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), and 37.31–49.92% was leached by dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). CMV application improved soil properties (pH, SOM, and urease/protease), increased SIN and SON stocks, and decreased surface water DIN and DON concentrations, thereby reducing DIN and DON leaching. The leachings of DIN and DON in different application rates of CMV were reduced by 11.37–66.23% and 13.39–52.07% compared with the CK treatment, respectively. Conclusively, nitrogen leaching loss in paddy fields was severe, and the DIN and DON leaching loss in CMV treatments were lower than those in the control under the same nitrogen input. Thus, replacing nitrogen fertilizer with CMV under the same nitrogen input could reduce the risk of nitrogen nonpoint pollution in clay paddy fields.
Oral Curcumin–Thioketal–Inulin Conjugate Micelles against Radiation–Induced Enteritis
Authors: Shen Jintao , Jiao Wencheng , Yuan Bochuan , Xie Hua , Chen Ziyuan , Wei Meng , Sun Yingbao , Wu Yanping , Zhang Feng , Li Zhangyu , Jin Xu , Du Lina , Jin Yiguang
Published: March 2024

Radiation–induced enteritis is an unavoidable complication associated with pelvic tumor radiotherapy, significantly influencing the prognosis of cancer patients. The limited availability of commercial gastrointestinal radioprotectors in clinical settings poses a substantial challenge in preventing radiation enteritis. Despite the inherent radioprotective characteristics of Cur in vitro, its poor solubility in water, instability, and low bioavailability lead to inferior therapeutic effects in vivo. Herein, we developed novel ROS-responsive micelles (CTI) from inulin and curcumin, aimed at mitigating radiation enteritis. CTI micelles had excellent solubility and stability. Importantly, CTI improved the cytotoxicity and bioavailability of curcumin, thereby showing enhanced effectiveness in neutralizing ROS induced by radiation, safeguarding against DNA damage, and reducing radiation-induced cellular mortality. Moreover, in a radiation enteritis mice model, CTI not only alleviated severe radiation-induced intestinal injury but also improved redox-related indicators and reduced inflammatory cytokine expression. Furthermore, CTI effectively increased gut microbiota abundance and maintained gut homeostasis. In conclusion, CTI could be a promising candidate for the clinical management of radiation enteritis. Our study provides a new perspective for radioprotection using natural antioxidants.
Enhancing Coastal Risk Recognition: Assessing UAVs for Monitoring Accuracy and Implementation in a Digital Twin Framework
Authors: Yuan Rui , Zhang Hezhenjia , Xu Ruiyang , Zhang Liyuan
Published: March 2024

This paper addresses the intricate challenges of coastal management, particularly in rapidly forming tidal flats, emphasizing the need for innovative monitoring strategies. The dynamic coastal topography, exemplified by a newly formed tidal flat in Shanghai, underscores the urgency of advancements in coastal risk recognition. By utilizing a digital twin framework integrated with state-of-the-art unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), we systematically evaluate three configurations and identify the optimal setup incorporating real-time kinematics (RTK) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR). This UAV configuration excels in efficiently mapping the 3D coastal terrain. It has an error of less than 0.1 m when mapping mudflats at an altitude of 100 m. The integration of UAV data with a precise numerical ocean model forms the foundation of our dynamic risk assessment framework. The results showcase the transformative potential of the digital twin framework, providing unparalleled accuracy and efficiency in coastal risk recognition. Visualization through Unity Engine or Unreal Engine enhances accessibility, fostering community engagement and awareness. By predicting and simulating potential risks in real-time, this study offers a forward-thinking strategy for mitigating coastal dangers. This research not only contributes a comprehensive strategy for coastal risk management but also sets a precedent for the integration of cutting-edge technologies in safeguarding coastal ecosystems. The findings are significant in paving the way for a more resilient and sustainable approach to coastal management, addressing the evolving environmental pressures on our coastlines.
Morphology Characteristics of the Liquid–Vapour Interface in Porous Media
Authors: Zhang Yu , Dong Yi
Published: March 2024

The evolution of the liquid–vapour interface plays a crucial role in multiphase flow, heat and mass transfer, and fluid phase change in porous media. A thorough investigation of the interface under varying degrees of saturation is necessary and crucial to fully understanding the key mechanism of soil water evaporation. The pore voids and fluids are characterized using X-ray microtomography and image processing. Salt solutions usually replace pure water for better contrast and image development. Machine learning algorithms were employed to identify and extract the different phase and their interface accurately. Then, variations in the geometrical and topological features of the interface at varying saturation during evaporation were analysed to quantitatively describe the connectivity of the liquid phase and the morphological change in the liquid–vapour interface. Topological analysis reveals that normalized Euler characteristic numbers quantify the complementary connectivity of liquid and vapour phase. The curvatures of the liquid–vapour interface of the samples under various saturations classify the liquid–air interface curvature of samples under various saturations for quantitatively describing the migration progress and quantity distribution of typical interface along with drying.
Identification of Black Spot Resistance in Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) Germplasm Resources
Authors: Zhang Quan , Branca Ferdinando , Li Ning , Liu Ning , Ding Yunhua
Published: March 2024

Black spot disease, caused by Alternaria alternata, results in enormous losses in broccoli production. The current measures to prevent black spot disease mainly rely on seed disinfection and chemical control, but excellent disease-resistance resources are relatively scarce. In this study, we screened primers for black spot disease identification and conducted black spot disease resistance identification of 173 lines, including 70 hybrid lines and 103 inbred lines. Based on the phenotype, we have set five grades to present different symptoms of illness: high disease resistance, disease resistance, disease tolerance, susceptibility, and high susceptibility (the disease resistance gradually weakens). According to our phenotypic evaluations, 3, 55, 65, 45, and 5 lines were classified into high disease resistance, disease resistance, disease tolerance, susceptible, and high susceptibility, respectively. By comparing the proportion of resistant lines between hybrid and inbred lines, we noticed that the frequency of hybrid varieties with high disease resistance and disease resistance (28.57%) was lower than that in inbred lines (36.89%), indicating that the resistance resources have not yet been effectively utilized in hybrid broccoli breeding. Therefore, our results identified the resistance resources to black spot disease in broccoli, which lays the foundation for the exploration of disease resistance genes as well as the analysis of disease resistance mechanisms in the future.
The Effects of Concussions on Static Postural Stability
Authors: Kirkham Mandy , Kodithuwakku Arachchige Sachini N. K. , Driscoll Leanza , Smith Brennan , Brewer Paul , Hanaki Saori
Published: March 2024

Concussions among the athletic population are extremely common, which could lead to postural instabilities. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of concussions on postural stability in young healthy adults. The static postural stability of thirty volunteers (age 21.63 ± 2.50 years; height 1.70 ± 0.14 m; weight 75.00 ± 15.58 kg; 17 with a history of concussions) was assessed using a force platform during three tests: baseline stability test, clinical test of sensory interaction and balance test, and unilateral stability test. Postural sway variables during each test were statistically analyzed using an independent t-test between the concussion group (CONC) and no concussion (NO CONC) groups. Two secondary analyses were performed with the CONC group: individuals who had one concussion (ONCE) vs. who had multiple concussions (MULTIPLE) and individuals who had their last concussion in 2023–2018 (RECENT) and in 2017–2011 (OLD). The CONC, MULTIPLE, and RECENT groups demonstrated greater postural sway than the NO CONC, SINGLE, and OLD groups. Concussions cause postural decrements in young healthy adults compared to their counterparts with no history of concussions. The results of the study exhibit that concussions could lead to imbalances, which is decisive in athletes’ performance and injury risk during play.