bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platinum single atoms on tin oxide ultrathin films for extremely sensitive gas detection
Authors: Xu Yongshan , Zheng Wei , Liu Xianghong , Zhang Liqiang , Zheng Lingli , Yang Chen , Pinna Nicola , Zhang Jun
Published: April 2020

Single atom Pt significantly improves the sensing performances of ultrathin SnO2 films for detection of triethylamine.
On the formation of superoxide radicals on colloidal ATiO3 (A = Sr and Ba) nanocrystal surfaces
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad , Nelson Ruby J. , Kittilstved Kevin R.
Published: April 2020

Superoxide defect formation on the surfaces of ATiO3 nanocrystals depends on the presence of lactate ions and oxygen during synthesis.
Pyridine tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl chlorides: spontaneous addition to alkynes and alkenes in the presence or absence of photo-irradiation
Authors: Niina Kiyoteru , Tanagawa Kazuhiro , Sumii Yuji , Saito Norimichi , Shibata Norio
Published: April 2020

A radical addition reaction of Py-SF4Cl to alkynes and alkenes provide pyridine-SF4-alkenes and pyridine-SF4-alkanes under blue LED light irradiation or absence of light irradiation in CPME or without solvent.
Folding of fluorinated oligoarylenes into non-alternant PAHs with various topological shapes
Authors: Akhmetov Vladimir , Förtsch Andreas , Feofanov Mikhail , Troyanov Sergey , Amsharov Konstantin
Published: April 2020

An unprecedented [6]helicene's cavity closure indicating the possibility of introducing seven-membered rings via alumina-mediated C–F activation is shown.
A highly responsive methanol sensor based on graphene oxide/polyindole composites
Authors: Phasuksom Katesara , Prissanaroon-Ouajai Walaiporn , Sirivat Anuvat
Published: April 2020

The methanol response depended on the hydrophilicity of the composite materials; GO/dPIn demonstrated the highest oxygen content and the highest hydrophilicity, thus inducing high methanol adsorption into the inner layer of the composite.
Strategic design to create HER2-targeting proteins with target-binding peptides immobilized on a fibronectin type III domain scaffold
Authors: Yimchuen Wanaporn , Kadonosono Tetsuya , Ota Yumi , Sato Shinichi , Kitazawa Maika , Shiozawa Tadashi , Kuchimaru Takahiro , Taki Masumi , Ito Yuji , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Kizaka-Kondoh Shinae
Published: April 2020

A HER2-binding protein, HBP-FLAP, developed by peptide immobilization specifically binds to HER2 and has improved resistance to proteases.
Adverse effects of a hybrid nanofluid in a wavy non-uniform annulus with convective boundary conditions
Authors: Sadaf Hina , Abdelsalam Sara I.
Published: April 2020

The presented investigation theoretically studies the physical characteristics of a two-dimensional incompressible hybrid nanofluid in a non-uniform annulus where the boundaries are flexible.
Enhancing cellular morphological changes and ablation of cancer cells via the interaction of drug co-loaded magnetic nanosystems in weak rotating magnetic fields
Authors: Wu Tingting , Zhang Qian , Hu Huiping , Yang Fang , Li Ke , Zhang Yu , Shi Chen
Published: April 2020

Tetrandrine and Fe3O4 nanoparticle co-loaded PLGA nanosystems produce rotational movement and promote tetrandrine release, causing a dual apoptotic effect to tumors.
Positive effects of concomitant heavy metals and their reduzates on hexavalent chromium removal in microbial fuel cells
Authors: Wu Xiayuan , Li Chunrui , Lv Zuopeng , Zhou Xiaowei , Chen Zixuan , Jia Honghua , Zhou Jun , Yong Xiaoyu , Wei Ping , Li Yan
Published: April 2020

The cooperative cathode modification by BioAu from Au(iii) and in situ Cu(ii) co-reduction enhanced Cr(vi) removal and bioelectricity generation in MFCs.
A nickel nanoparticle engineered CoFe2O4@GO–Kryptofix 22 composite: a green and retrievable catalytic system for the synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepines in water
Authors: Mozafari Roya , Ghadermazi Mohammad
Published: April 2020

In this study, a competent and efficient methodology for the synthesis of benzodiazepine over magnetically retrievable novel CoFe2O4@GO–K 22 anchored Ni is reported.
Water-soluble gold nanoparticles: recyclable catalysts for the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds in water
Authors: Monti Gustavo A. , Correa N. Mariano , Falcone R. Darío , Silbestri Gustavo F. , Moyano Fernando
Published: April 2020

A structure/catalytic activity study of water-soluble gold nanoparticles, stabilized by zwitterionic ligands derived from imidazolium salts, in the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds in pure water, as well as their recyclability, was performed.
Enhancement of floatability of low-rank coal using oxidized paraffin soap
Authors: Li Shulei , Gao Lihui , Wang Junchao , Rong Guoqiang , Cao Yijun
Published: April 2020

Flotation of low-rank coal has suffered poor flotation efficiency with hydrocarbon oils unless at an even high dosage. The both addition of OPS and DO achieved better floatability of low-rank coal than that of OPS and DO as collector solely.
Investigating partitioning of freeversusmacrocycle bound guest into a model POPC lipid bilayer
Authors: Kumari Harshita , Eisenhart Andrew , Pajoubpong Jinnipha , Heinrich Frank , Beck Thomas L.
Published: April 2020

We report on the permeation of free and macrocycle-bound avobenzone across a POPC lipid bilayer through combined neutron reflectometry experiments and molecular dynamics simulations.
A thiophene bridged naphthalimide–porphyrin complex with enhanced activity and stability in photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Bodedla Govardhana Babu , Tang Geliang , Zhao Jianzhang , Zhu Xunjin
Published: April 2020

More efficient intramolecular energy transfer in the naphthalimide–porphyrin complex, ZnT(p-NI)TP, is accomplished by an electron rich coplanar thiophene π-linkage compared to the analogous porphyrin ZnT(p-NI)PP bearing a less coplanar phenylene π-linker.
Catalytic mechanism for selective hydrogen production based on formate decomposition with polyvinylpyrrolidone-dispersed platinum nanoparticles
Authors: Minami Yusuke , Amao Yutaka
Published: April 2020

To clarify the HCOOH decomposition into H2 and CO2 mechanism with Pt-PVP, a pH or HCOO− concentration dependence of H2 production rate with Pt-PVP, IR spectra was studied and the possible catalytic mechanism of H2 production was proposed.
Impact of the Li substructure on the diffusion pathways in alpha and beta Li3PS4: an in situ high temperature neutron diffraction study
Authors: Kaup Kavish , Zhou Laidong , Huq Ashfia , Nazar Linda F.
Published: April 2020

An in situ variable-temperature neutron diffraction study of Li3PS4 reveals the structure and Li-ion diffusion pathways (via MEM and BVEL calculations) of the high temperature fast-ion conductor, α-Li3PS4, (Ea = 0.22 eV), and compares them to those of other polymorphs and the Si-substituted phase.
Design and development of HMS@ZIF-8/fluorinated polybenzoxazole composite films with excellent low-k performance, mechanical properties and thermal stability
Authors: Zhou Xudong , Liu Xiaoyun , Cui Zhongkai , Gu Jinlou , Lin Shaoliang , Zhuang Qixin
Published: April 2020

A new-type of hollow silica@ZIF-8 (HMS@ZIF-8) particle was successfully designed, fabricated and introduced into the fluorinated polybenzoxazole (6FPBO) matrix to prepare the HMS@ZIF-8/6FPBO composite film.
A study on the effect of a pyridine secondary acceptor on the emission properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters
Authors: Yoon Sung Joon , Lee Ho Jung , Lee Kyung Hyung , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: April 2020

A new molecular design of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters having a pyridine derived secondary acceptor was developed.
A novel hybrid organic–inorganic silsesquioxane and cobalt(ii) tetrasulphophthalocyanine material as an efficient electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of the anti-hypertensive nifedipine and its metabolite
Authors: Winiarski João Paulo , de Barros Marilia Reginato , Wecker Giovana Schmitt , Nagurniak Glaucio Régis , Parreira Renato Luis Tamme , Affeldt Ricardo Ferreira , Peralta Rosely Aparecida , Jost Cristiane Luisa
Published: April 2020

A novel electrochemical sensor was applied to determination of anti-hypertensive nifedipine through reduction in the presence of its main metabolite.
Atomic layer deposition of Ru thin films using (2,4-dimethyloxopentadienyl)(ethylcyclopentadienyl)Ru and the effect of ammonia treatment during the deposition
Authors: Kwon Dae Seon , An Cheol Hyun , Kim Sang Hyeon , Kim Dong Gun , Lim Junil , Jeon Woojin , Hwang Cheol Seong
Published: April 2020

Ruthenium thin films were grown through atomic layer deposition using (2,4-dimethyloxopentadienyl)(ethylcyclopentadienyl)Ru [Rudense®] and oxygen at temperatures ranging from 250 °C to 270 °C and chamber pressures ranging from 0.5 Torr to 2.5 Torr.
Data‐driven virtual power plant bidding package model and its application to virtual VCG auction‐based real‐time power market
Authors: Xinhe Chen , Wei Pei , Wei Deng , Hao Xiao
Published: April 2020

Energy storage and virtual power plant technologies have been developed and become important technical means to enhance power system stability and reduce real‐time dispatching costs. In this study, the dispatching capability and dispatching cost characteristics of the virtual power plants are analysed firstly in detail, as well as the dispatching difficulties under the traditional market modes. Hence, virtual power plant real‐time bidding package model and virtual auction‐based real‐time power market mechanism are proposed. Data‐driven virtual power plant real‐time packing method and bidding package model integrated virtual Vickrey–Clarke–Groves auction model are put forward. Finally, the feasibility and validity of the proposed mechanism and method are verified by case studies and result in analyses of the IEEE‐30 bus test system with multiple virtual power plants, providing a scientific foundation and a practical solution to the real‐time power market.
Winter regime of temperature and snow accumulation as a factor of ground freezing depth variations
Authors: Frolov Denis
Published: April 2020

The observations of ground freezing depth in the conditions of bare soil and under natural cover have been carried out at the sites of meteorological observatory of Lomonosov Moscow State University since the observatory’s foundation in 1954. For estimation of role of snow cover in variations of ground freezing depth the calculations of ground freezing depth were conducted using the meteorological data on air temperature and snow thickness for winter seasons of 2011/12-2018/19. The calculating scheme for ground freezing is constructed on the basis of three layer media heat conductivity problem (snow cover, frozen and thawed ground) with phase transition on the boundary of frozen and unfrozen ground. Heat balance equation includes phase transition energy, inflow of heat from unfrozen ground and outflow to frozen ground, snow cover and atmosphere. The heat flux is calculated on the basis of Fourier law as a product of heat conductivity and temperature gradient. It is supposed, that the temperature changes in each media linearly. The comparison of calculated and observed values of ground freezing indicates good correspondence.
Seasonal dynamics of nutrients and organic matter in urban stream
Authors: Erina Oxana , Sokolov Dmitriy , Tereshina Maria , Vasil’chuk Jessica , Kasimov Nikolay
Published: April 2020

The study presents the results of water quality evaluation in the Setun River watershed, located entirely within the limits of the Moscow City. Multiple point and non-point sources of pollution cause the nutrient and organic matter content of the river and its tributaries to significantly differ from the natural background. Maximum nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were observed at the upper reaches of the river during the summer low flow due to the landfill impact. Because of the extreme nutrient pollution at the river’s upper course, subsequent water inflow, even from significantly polluted tributaries, has a diluting effect, and the nutrient concentration decreases downstream. The effect of urbanization on the organic matter content is reflected in elevated COD and BOD values that exceed the national environmental guidelines. Seasonal dynamics of organic matter content includes increased organic matter during snowmelt and its relatively low content during summer.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as markers of environmental and hydrological processes (identification problems and research experience)
Authors: Khaustov Aleksandr , Redina Margarita , Nemirovskaya Inna
Published: April 2020

The efficiency of the study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as markers of many environmental and hydrological processes is disclosed. On the example of the interaction between sea and river water the flows of substances and problems of their detection in media, as well as the laws of fractionation during phase transitions at geochemical barriers (GCB) are presented. The authors have collected an extensive database for almost all types of natural environments. Own research was conducted at specialized water testing sites (springs, a mud volcano, brine of a lake, the Northern Dvina River, water of Black and White Seas, water bodies of the Moscow Region and Albena region (Bulgaria), etc. This allowed substantiating the optimal markers and creating effective methods for identifying a complex of hydrological processes.
River runoff variability at watercourses of the Ural river basin
Authors: Fatkhutdinova Regina , Gareeva Diana
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to spatial and temporal variabilities of the river runoff on the example of the river Ural within the territory of the Russian Federation. The author points out the necessity of investigating fluctuations in the water resources of a transboundary river for the purposes of long-term water management planning. Using the coefficient of variation and asymmetry, the annual runoff variability is analyzed.
Multi-orbital physics of edge-magnetism in a Hubbard model of transition-metal dichalcogenide nanoribbons: Comparing Mean Field Theory and Determinant Quantum Monte Carlo
Authors: Brito Francisco , Castro Eduardo V. , Lopes João M.V.P.
Published: April 2020

We study the emergence of edge-magnetism in zigzag nanoribbons from electron-electron interactions in a minimal 3-band tight-binding descrip¬tion of transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers with an intra-orbital Hub¬bard term. We explain the influence of each orbital in the magnetic ordering, comparing the results of Mean Field Theory and determinant Quantum Monte Carlo. We focus on a gapped edge-antiferromagnetic phase appearing at three-quarter edge-filling for realistic values of the interaction.
Electronic Properties of Twisted Bilayer Graphene in the Presence of a Magnetic Field
Authors: Martins Quintela M.F.C. , Guerra J.C.C. , João S.M.
Published: April 2020

In AA-stacked twisted bilayer graphene, the lower energy bands become completely flat when the twist angle passes through certain specific values: the so-called “magic angles”. The Dirac peak appears at zero energy due to the flattening of these bands when the twist angle is sufficiently small [1-3]. When a constant perpendicular magnetic field is applied, Landau levels start appearing as expected [5]. We used the Kernel Polynomial Method (KPM) [6] as implemented in KITE [7] to study the optical and electronic properties of these systems. The aim of this work is to analyze how the features of these quantities change with the twist angle in the presence of an uniform magnetic field.
Simulation of the temperature profile of BaCaZrTiO3 thin films during laser annealing
Authors: Rebelo Tiago , Alves João , Almeida Bernardo
Published: April 2020

The laser annealing of a Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (BCZT) thin film on a metglas substrate was simulated in order to understand how the annealing parameters (energy and fluence of the laser, pulse duration, etc) influence the optimization of the crystallinity of the film. Using a 1D heat diffusion equation combined with a finite difference method, the variation of the temperature with the depth relative to the film’s surface and on annealing time was studied. The laser intensity, BCZT’s reflectivity and the temperature dependence of the ther¬mal conductivity and specific heat of the BCZT were considered. No structural phase changes were detected in both the BCZT and the metglas for the values of laser fluence studied, but for 80 mJ/cm2 the maximum temperature approached near the BCZT’s melting temperature. It was observed that since the film’s ther¬mal conductivity decreases with increasing fluence, lower fluences allow for a better distribution of the laser’s energy throughout the crystal lattice, increasing the crystallinity. It was further observed that between consecutive pulses the film’s temperature stabilizes at room temperature.
Effects of meshing density of 1D structural members with non-uniform cross-section along the length on the calculation of eigenfrequencies
Authors: Rubint Jakub
Published: April 2020

Density of division in finite element method does not affect only the accuracy of calculation, but also the necessary calculation time. This is directly influenced by the power of the used hardware, the efficiency of the algorithm used to assemble global stiffness and mass matrices and finally, by the method used to find eigenvalues of matrices for determination of eigenfrequencies. In engineering practice, when commercially available software is used, it is necessary to look for the optimum between the accuracy of the calculation and the length of the calculation. This paper deals with solution of eigenfrequencies of 1D elements with nonuniform cross section using Python 3.7.4 with libraries "numpy 1.18.1" for finding eigenvalues of matrices and "scipy 1.4.1" for finding solution for system of nonlinear equations.
Passage of a vehicle over a standard obstacle
Authors: Stachová Darina
Published: April 2020

Traffic safety depends on vehicle quality, traffic density and road conditions. Motion of a vehicle on a road or bridge body is therefore interesting from many points of view for various experts. We draw our attention to the unevenness of the road, specifically to the road profile with the so-called standard obstacle. In the article we present several alternatives for the mathematical model of such a road and also the mathematical model of the trajectory of the vehicle while traversing this standard obstacle. The shape of the obstacle meets the requirement of continuous one-point contact of the tire with the road; it does not contain singular points, and thus provides conditions for safer driving, especially when transporting persons in critical condition, or shocks-sensitive or hazardous materials.
Influence of alkali-activated materials placement during curing on their dynamic parameters
Authors: Plšková Iveta , Matysík Michal , Topolář Libor , Bílek Vlastimil
Published: April 2020

The production of Portland cement has a considerable environmental impact. Its replacement with alkali-activated binders can contribute to reducing the environmental burden of building production. The paper presents partial results from our experimental research carried out on test specimens made of alkali-activated slag mortar (activated by sodium carbonate). The specimens of dimensions 40×40×160 mm differed in the manner of placement after 28 days of curing in water. The samples were tested by non-destructive methods at different ages. We observed the effect of sample storage on ultrasonic pulse velocity, dominant frequency shifts and dynamic modulus of elasticity as well as changes of these parameters over time.
Numerical simulation of a wind excited quasi-periodic regime of a stochastic van der Pol-type equation
Authors: Fischer Cyril , Náprstek Jiří
Published: April 2020

The contribution regards a mathematical single-degree-of-freedom model of a slender structure vibrating in an air flow. Based on an experimental investigation, movement of such structures can be expressed by van der PolDuffing-type equations. Several particular configuration parameter settings for a white and non-white Gaussian random excitation together with deterministic harmonic forcing are considered and numerically analysed. The results support recently published analytic formulas.
Influence of near standing cylindrical structures on wind pressure distribution on the multispan roofs of halls
Authors: Veghova Ivana , Hubova Olga
Published: April 2020

This article deals with experimental investigation of a wind pressure distribution on multispan roofs of halls. The wind pressure distribution on the structures is an important parameter in terms of wind load calculation. For multispan roofs it is possible to find these values in Eurocode 1991-1-4, but without an influence of surrounding structures. The series of parametric wind tunnel studies was carried out in BLWT to investigate the effects of in-line standing cylinders near the hall. Measurements were made in turbulent wind flow for two reference wind speeds and varying wind directions. The experimentally obtained cpe values were compared with the conservative values in EN 1991-1-4 for multispan roofs.
Performance analysis of a horizontal axis wind turbine
Authors: Rozehnal Dalibor , Hnidka Jakub
Published: April 2020

This paper presents a performance analysis of a horizontal axis wind turbine with an atypical design. The performance analysis was performed by a measurement in a low-speed wind tunnel. The atypical design of the horizontal axis wind turbine mimics the design of a radial turbine. The wind turbine was, however, simplified by “removing” the conventional stationary parts of the radial turbine, such as portion of the case or guide vanes. The paper describes the measurement test bed and compares the performance of this atypical wind turbine with more conventional designs.
Application of levitation melting to the separation of oxide inclusions from nitrides and carbides in Ni-based superalloy
Authors: Gao Xiaoyong , Zhang Lin , Qu Xuanhui , Luan Yifeng , Chen Xiaowei
Published: April 2020

Oxides are usually surrounded by nitrides and carbides in superalloys, which contain high Ti and Nb contents. This makes it difficult to precisely characterize oxide size and composition. Separation of oxides from nitrides and carbides in FGH96 superalloy was carried out by levitation melting to accurately characterize oxides. Manual and automated scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy observations as well as X-ray diffraction were used to characterize inclusions. In the billet, nearly all oxides were surrounded by nitrides and carbides. After levitation melting, however, the majority of oxides were separated, agglomerated and floated to the top surface. The separation efficiency of oxides from nitrides is approximately 85.5%. Oxides were determined as MgO-Al2O3 spinel with the size of 1∼10 µm. Finally, in situ confocal laser scanning microscopy clarified the separation mechanism.
Un hommage à Claudine Friedberg : ethnoscience, taxonomies et interdisciplinarité
Authors: Roué Marie
Published: April 2020

Une journée en hommage à Claudine Friedberg, qui s’est éteinte le 27 juillet 2018, a été organisée le 16 novembre 2018 au Muséum national d’histoire naturelle. Elle a réuni sa famille, ses amis, ses collègues et ses anciens doctorants qui venaient de France, mais aussi d’Angleterre, d’Indonésie, du Portugal. Cette journée en l’honneur de cette grande chercheuse en ethnoscience fut aussi un colloque scientifique de qualité, faisant écho aux riches discussions et échanges que nous avons eus avec elle pendant des décennies. Née dans les années 1950, l’ethnoscience, nommée aussi « new ethnography », décrit et analyse l’étendue des systèmes de savoirs des peuples autochtones. Si cette discipline a perduré, c’est parce qu’elle a évolué et su explorer de nombreuses pistes fécondes. Son centre d’intérêt initial dans le domaine de l’anthropologie cognitive, en relation avec la linguistique, la philosophie et les sciences naturelles, était les dénominations et classifications autochtones des objets naturels (ethnobotanique, ethnozoologie, ethnomédecine, analysées et comparées aux taxonomies scientifiques). Aujourd’hui, elle se déploie aussi, sous diverses appellations, telles que celles des savoirs locaux ou autochtones, dans le cadre de grandes conventions internationales et dans celui de la défense de la biodiversité et de la gestion traditionnelle des peuples autochtones et des communautés locales.
Recovery countermeasure features that may preclude MCDA based decisions
Authors: Andersson K.G.
Published: April 2020

Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) with stakeholder participation has been suggested as a way to reach mutually acceptable and robust decisions regarding methods and strategies for recovery of inhabited land areas and food production systems severely contaminated by an airborne radioactive plume from a severe nuclear power plant accident. The paper describes a new approach to help ensuring that important issues are not overlooked when decisions are based on MCDA.
Intradurale intramedulläre Tumoren: Epidemiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Wostrack Maria , Meyer Bernhard
Published: April 2020

Intramedulläre Tumoren sind ausgesprochen selten. Die häufigsten Entitäten sind Ependymome (überwiegend im Erwachsenenalter), Astrozytome (überwiegend im Kindesalter) und Hämangioblastome. Die Mehrheit sind gutartige oder niedriggradige langsam wachsende Neoplasien mit entsprechend langsam progredienter Klinik, die sich oft zuerst als ein unspezifisches Schmerzsyndrom und später als eine zunehmende Myelopathie zeigt. Die Ausnahme sind infiltrativ wachsende höhergradige Gliome, die eine rasch progrediente Verschlechterung bis hin zum akuten Querschnitt verursachen. Die Therapie intramedullärer Ependymome, pilozytischer WHO I Astrozytome und Hämangioblastome fokussiert sich in erster Linie auf die Komplettresektion des Tumors. Bei den beiden letztgenannten Entitäten ist damit meistens ein kuratives Ergebnis erreicht. Auch WHO I und II Ependymome zeigen nach einer chirurgischen Komplettresektion eine ausgesprochen benigne Prognose mit einem progressionsfreien 5-Jahres-Überleben von > 70 % und einem 5-Jahres-Gesamtüberleben von fast 90 %. Diffus wachsende astrozytäre Tumore können dagegen i. d. R. nicht komplett reseziert werden: hier ist das Ziel die Sicherung der Histologie und allenfalls Tumordebulking mit dem Ziel einer Syrinxdekompression und einer Stabilisierung der neurologischen Situation vor der geplanten adjuvanten Radiochemotherapie. Auch die Prognose dieser Entitäten ist deutlich schlechter: das mediane Gesamtüberleben der Patienten mit höhergradigen spinalen Gliomen beträgt lediglich 13 Monate.
Intradurale, extramedulläre Tumore: Epidemiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Onken Julia , Senger Carolin , Radke Josefine , Vajkoczy Peter
Published: April 2020

Intradurale, extramedulläre (IDEM) Tumore treten mit einer Inzidenz von 0,97/100 000 Personen pro Jahr auf. Die Kontrastmittel-gestützte Magnetresonanztomografie stellt den Goldstandard in der präoperativen Diagnostik und Nachsorge dar. Das klinische Beschwerdebild der Patienten richtet sich nach der Lokalisation des Befundes. Einschränkungen der Sensorik, Motorik, Propriozeption und des Vegetativum sind häufige Symptome ebenso wie Schmerzen. Schwannome, Meningeome und myxopapilläre Ependymome gehören zu den häufigsten, benignen IDEM-Tumorentitäten. Maligne IDEM-Tumore sind weitaus seltener. Differenzialdiagnostisch kann es sich hierbei um Abtropfmetastasen eines Hirntumors, eine Meningeosis carcinomatosa oder um einen malignen peripheren Nervenscheidentumor handeln. Die mikrochirurgische Resektion stellt die Therapie der Wahl dar bei der Behandlung benigner Läsionen. Mit einer vollständigen Resektion des Tumors kann eine sehr gute lokale Kontrolle erzielt werden. Im Fall von Resttumorgewebe oder einem Rezidiv kann eine stereotaktische Bestrahlung notwendig bzw. sinnvoll sein. Eine Systemtherapie spielt bei der Behandlung von IDEM-Tumoren eine nachrangige Rolle. Bei malignen Prozessen richtet sich das therapeutische Vorgehen nach der zugrundeliegenden Erkrankung. Anforderungen an die genannten Therapieverfahren sind es zum Funktionserhalt beizutragen, Symptome zu lindern und eine größtmögliche Tumorkontrolle zu erzielen.
Vorsorge für Ihre Beziehung
Authors: Lummer Birgit
Published: April 2020

Ein jährlicher Beziehungscheck ist eine wertvolle Möglichkeit den aktuellen Stand Ihrer Partnerschaft auf vertrauensvolle Art und Weise mit professioneller Hilfe zu besprechen.
Lustbremse Arzneimittel
Authors: Wendland Matthias
Published: April 2020

Arzneimittel greifen häufiger und stärker in die Sexualität ein als allgemein vermutet, unter anderem durch Störungen von Libido, Erektion, Ejakulation und Fertilität. Mittel wie Betablocker, Fibrate, Antiallergika, die Pille, Immunsuppressiva und allen voran Antidepressiva verursachen je nach Wirkstoff erektile Dysfunktion, Unlust oder Unfruchtbarkeit und sollten in der Anamnese erfragt werden. Im Vordergrund stehen Veränderungen des Testosteron-, Dopamin-, Serotonin- und Acetylcholin-Stoffwechsels, aber auch Durchblutungsstörungen durch Blockierung der Alpha-1- und Beta-2-Rezeptoren.
Die Hamburger Parkinson-Tagesklinik: Ein neues Behandlungskonzept an der Grenze zwischen stationärer und ambulanter Versorgung
Authors: Fründt Odette , Veliqi Ermir , Schönwald Beate , Sychla Polina , Gerloff Christian , Buhmann Carsten
Published: April 2020

Hintergrund Für Patienten mit komplexem Parkinson-Syndrom (PS), die einer durchgreifenden Umstellung von Medikation, Pumpeneinstellung oder Tiefer Hirnstimulation bedürfen, ist die ambulante Behandlung oft aufgrund limitierter zeitlicher und / oder fachlicher Ressourcen nicht ausreichend, die stationäre Versorgung bei fehlender Alltagsbelastung im Klinikalltag jedoch ebenfalls nicht adäquat. Das Modell der Hamburger Parkinson-Tagesklinik (PTK) wurde entwickelt und etabliert, um diese Versorgungslücke zu schließen.

Methode Hier beschreiben wir das neue und umfassende, individuelle und interdisziplinäre Behandlungskonzept der PTK. Die Veränderungen von motorischen und nichtmotorischen Symptomen nach drei Wochen und fünf Behandlungstagen in der PTK werden anhand objektiver Skalen präsentiert, und die subjektive Bewertung der Behandlung verschiedener Einzelaspekte (Konzept, Therapeuten, individueller Nutzen etc.) wird durch die Patienten dargestellt.

Ergebnisse Von den 334 Patienten mit PS (im Alter von 36 bis 87 Jahren mit Hoehn- und Yahr-Werten zwischen 1,0 und 4,5), die innerhalb eines Zeitraums von 32 Monaten in der PTK behandelt und evaluiert wurden, erhielten 309 Patienten die Diagnose eines idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms (IPS). Die Behandlung in der PTK führte zu einer Verbesserung der Motorik (MDS-UPDRS III; p < 0,05) und aller untersuchten nichtmotorischen Scores (BDI-II, MoCA, PDNMS, PDSS-2, KPPS, QUIP, PDQ-39; p < 0,05) und erzielte somit eine Verbesserung von Akinesie, Tremor, Dyskinesie, Kognition, Schlaf, Schmerzen, Impulskontrollstörungen und Lebensqualität. Auf einer 6-Punkte-Likert-Skala mit Schulnoten von 1 („sehr gut“) bis 6 („ungenügend“) bewerteten die Patienten ihre Behandlung in der PTK als positiv mit Noten von 1,3 bis 2,4 („sehr gut“ bis „gut“) je Kategorie sowie mit einer Gesamtnote von 1,5 („gut“).

Schlussfolgerungen Patienten mit fortgeschrittenem und / oder komplexem Parkinson-Syndrom profitieren vom Konzept der PTK, das eine Lücke zwischen stationärer und ambulanter Versorgung schließt.
Influenza – Krankheitslast und Impfprävention bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Rose Markus A.
Published: April 2020

Influenza-ähnliche Atemwegsinfektionen sind eine weltweite bevölkerungsmedizinische Herausforderung. Die Vielfalt viraler Erreger lässt sich nicht klinisch unterscheiden, aber die Grippeschutzimpfung ist ein wichtiges Präventionsinstrument. Neben dem akut febrilen Krankheitsbild mit Myalgie, Zephalgie und Atembeschwerden müssen nicht-respiratorische Komplikationen (Influenza-assoziierte Myopathie, ZNS- oder kardiale Beteiligung) berücksichtigt werden. Aufgrund ständiger viral-genetischer Veränderungen und fehlendem Langzeitschutz bedarf es alljährlich neuer Influenzavakzine mit wissenschaftlichen und logistischen Herausforderungen. Die von Jahr zu Jahr unterschiedliche Schutzwirkung und teils auch Verträglichkeit jeweiliger Grippeimpfstoffe machen Impfkampagnen anspruchsvoll. Diese Übersicht stellt Krankheitslast, Wirksamkeit und Anwendungssicherheit zugelassener Influenzavakzine dar. Individuen mit allergischer Hühnerei-Sensibilisierung können unter Praxisbedingungen ohne zusätzliche Vorsichtsmaßnahmen grippegeimpft werden. Zukünftige Vakzine werden durch rekombinante oder Zellkultur-basierte Herstellungsverfahren besser verfügbar und möglicherweise noch wirksamer sein.
The importance of colonoscopy bowel preparation for the detection of colorectal lesions and colorectal cancer prevention
Authors: Sharma Prateek , Burke Carol A. , Johnson David A. , Cash Brooks D.
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims Colonoscopy for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has reduced CRC incidence and mortality and improved prognosis. Optimal bowel preparation and high-quality endoscopic technique facilitate early CRC detection.

This review provides a narrative on the clinical importance of bowel preparation for colonoscopy and highlights available bowel preparations.

Methods A PubMed search was conducted through June 2019 to identify studies evaluating clinical outcomes, efficacy, safety, and tolerability associated with bowel preparation for CRC screening-related colonoscopy.

Results Selecting the optimal bowel preparation regimen is based on considerations of efficacy, safety, and tolerability, in conjunction with individual patient characteristics and preferences. Available bowel preparations include high-volume (4 L) and low-volume (2 L and 1 L), polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions, sodium sulfate, sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide plus anhydrous citric acid, sodium phosphate tablets, and the over-the-counter preparations magnesium citrate and PEG-3350. These preparations may be administered as a single dose on the same day or evening before, or as two doses administered the same day or evening before/morning of colonoscopy. Ingesting at least half the bowel preparation on the day of colonoscopy (split-dosing) is associated with higher adequate bowel preparation quality versus evening-before dosing (odds ratio [OR], 2.5; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.9−3.4).

Conclusions High-quality bowel preparation is integral for optimal CRC screening/surveillance by colonoscopy. Over the last 30 years, patients and providers have gained more options for bowel preparation, including low-volume agents with enhanced tolerability and cleansing quality that are equivalent to 4 L preparations. Split-dosing is preferred for achieving a high-quality preparation.
Multicenter randomized trial of endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation without sphincterotomy versus endoscopic sphincterotomy for removal of bile duct stones: MARVELOUS trial
Authors: Kogure Hirofumi , Kawahata Shuhei , Mukai Tsuyoshi , Doi Shinpei , Iwashita Takuji , Ban Tesshin , Ito Yukiko , Kawakami Hiroshi , Hayashi Tsuyoshi , Sasahira Naoki , Kubota Kensuke , Togawa Osamu , Kato Hironari , Okabe Yoshinobu , Matsubara Saburo , Yagioka Hiroshi , Saito Tomotaka , Nakai Yousuke , Isayama Hiroyuki
Published: April 2020

Background Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation (EPLBD) has been increasingly used for the management of large common bile duct (CBD) stones. Although EPLBD is often preceded by endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST), EPLBD alone without EST has been increasingly reported as an alternative to EST for large CBD stones.

Methods This multicenter randomized trial was conducted at 19 Japanese institutions to compare the efficacy and safety of EPLBD alone versus EST for the removal of large (≥ 10 mm) CBD stones. The primary end point was complete stone removal in a single session. The secondary end points included: overall complete stone removal, lithotripsy use, procedure time, adverse events, and cost.

Results 171 patients with large CBD stones were included in the analysis. The rate of single-session complete stone removal was significantly higher in the EPLBD-alone group than in the EST group (90.7 % vs. 78.8 %; P = 0.04). Lithotripsy use was significantly less frequent in the EPLBD group than in the EST group (30.2 % vs. 48.2 %; P = 0.02). The rates of early adverse events were comparable between the two groups: rates of overall adverse events were 9.3 % vs. 9.4 % and of pancreatitis were 4.7 % vs. 5.9 % in the EPLBD and EST groups, respectively. The procedure costs were $1442 vs. $1661 in the EPLBD and EST groups, respectively (P = 0.12).

Conclusion EPLBD without EST for the endoscopic treatment of large CBD stones achieved a significantly higher rate of complete stone removal in a single session compared with EST, without increasing adverse events.
Performance of the microINR Point-of-Care System: A Multicenter Clinical Trial
Authors: Refaai Majed A. , Shah Vinay , Fernando Ronald
Published: April 2020

Introduction There are limited publications about the microINR point-of-care (POC) system (iLine Microsystems). The current microINR POC system was compared with the ACL TOP 500 laboratory analyzer (Instrumentation Laboratory) and with the CoaguChek XS POC system (Roche Diagnostics).

Methods This study was performed at three United States medical centers. Sixty-eight nonanticoagulated normal donors and 245 warfarin anticoagulated patients were included. Testing was performed in duplicate using capillary blood samples for the POC systems and venous blood samples for the laboratory testing. Accuracy and imprecision were assessed.

Results Comparing microINR to ACL revealed a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.973, a slope of 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97–1.03), and an intercept of 0.08 (95% CI, 0.04–0.15). When compared with the CoaguChek XS, r was 0.977 with a slope of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.89–0.94) and an intercept of 0.15 (95% CI, 0.08–0.19). Predicted bias values at international normalized ratio (INR) 2.0, 3.5, and 4.5 were ≤ 5% against both references. Agreement with ACL was 97, 95, and 100% for the INR ranges of < 2.0 ± 0.40, 2.0 to 4.5 ± 20%, and ≥ 4.5 ± 25%, respectively. Agreement for the combined INR ranges was 96% against ACL and > 96% against the CoaguChek XS. The coefficient of variation of the microINR was 5.03% for INR < 2.0 and 4.68% for the therapeutic INR range 2.0 to 3.5.

Conclusion The microINR results demonstrate adequate imprecision and accuracy to both ACL and CoaguChek XS. This indicates that monitoring INR by this microINR POC system is reliable and acceptable for the management of warfarin therapy.
Cost Implications of Varying the Surgical Setting and Anesthesia Type for De Quervain Release Surgery
Authors: Stephens Andrew R. , Yu Ziji , Presson Angela P. , Tyser Andrew R. , Kazmers Nikolas H.
Published: April 2020

Background First extensor compartment release is a common surgical procedure that represents a financial burden to the health care system.

Questions/Purposes Study questions included (1) whether surgical encounter costs differ based upon surgical setting (operating room [OR] vs. procedure room [PR]) or (2) based upon anesthesia choice (local only, Bier's block [BB], monitored anesthesia care [MAC], or general [GA]) for De Quervain release (DQR).

Patients and Methods Consecutive adult patients undergoing isolated unilateral DQR at a single academic medical center were identified retrospectively by Current Procedural Terminology code (25000). Using our institution's information technology value tools, we calculated total direct costs for each surgical encounter. Costs were adjusted to January 2016 dollars using the Consumer Price Index, normalized using each participant's surgical encounter cost divided by the median cost in the PR group, then compared across each group using Kruskal–Wallis and Nemenyi's post hoc pair-wise tests. Multivariable gamma regression analysis with a log link was performed to identify factors associated with surgical costs. QuickDASH (disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and the hand) scores were compared using a t-test at final follow-up.

Results Among 58 included patients, 29% (17/58) were treated in the PR and 71% (41/58) in the OR. Compared with local only in the PR, all other groups were significantly more costly. Multivariable gamma regression indicated that use of OR/BB, OR/MAC, or OR/GA independently led to 211, 222, and 357% greater surgical costs as compared with the PR with local only while controlling for provider and patient age. Furthermore, QuickDASH scores were similar between PR and OR groups at final follow-up.

Conclusion Performing DQR in the PR setting under local only anesthesia yields greater value than the OR, as patient-reported outcomes are similar despite significantly lower surgical costs. Level of Evidence This is a Level III, cost analysis study.
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Acute Fulminant Myocarditis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Rodriguez-Coronado Jesus Andres , Saldivar-Martinez Jesus Arturo , Gomez-Gutierrez Rene Daniel , Quezada-Valenzuela Guillermo , Contreras-Cepeda Maria Veronica , Sanchez-Cortes Ramon Gerardo , Paz-Gonzalez Miguel A. , Castillo-Treviño Mario Alberto , Villarreal Enrique G.
Published: April 2020

Fulminant myocarditis is a life-threatening fast progressive condition. We present a 7-year-old female patient admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocarditis with a rapidly progressive cardiac dysfunction despite conventional vasoactive and inotropic treatment. The patient presented with ventricular fibrillation and subsequent cardiac arrest. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed during 105 minutes before extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation was performed. Effective hemodynamic function was obtained, and ECMO was weaned after 7 days, without neurological complications. There are not established extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR) treatment criteria, and some international guidelines consider up to 100 minutes of “low flow” phase as a time limit to start the support. Some mortality risk factors for ECMO treatment mortality are female gender, renal failure, and arrhythmias. Pre-ECMO good prognostic factors are high levels of pH and blood lactate.
The Use of Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis Parameters in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Children
Authors: Uğur Cüneyt , Madenci Hasan , Kurku Hüseyin , Neşelioğlu Salim
Published: April 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the role of thiol/disulfide homeostasis (TDH) parameters which are new oxidative stress markers for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) in children with abdominal pain complaints.

Methods A total of 40 patients with AA and 45 patients with abdominal pain were included in this study. Two groups were compared in terms of age, gender, white blood cell count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein (CRP), appendix diameter, and TDH parameters (native and total thiol levels, native thiol/total thiol ratio [antioxidant parameters] and disulfide level, disulfide/native thiol ratio, and disulfide/total thiol ratio [oxidant parameters]).

Results Compared with the abdominal pain group, it was found that disulfide level, disulfide/native thiol, and disulfide/total thiol ratios (p < 0.001 for all) in patients with AA were significantly higher and their native thiol level (p = 0.02) and native thiol/total thiol ratio (p < 0.001) were significantly lower. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of total thiol level. There was no significant difference between the perforated and nonperforated groups in patients with AA in terms of TDH parameters. In addition, the CRP level was higher in the perforated group than the nonperforated group.

Conclusion To our knowledge, the present study is a first in the literature in which TDH parameters were used in children with AA compared with the abdominal pain group. We thought that these parameters may be useful as new biomarkers supporting AA diagnosis in children.
Glutaric Aciduria Type 1: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Sanju Sidaraddi , Tullu Milind S. , Seshadri Nithya , Agrawal Mukesh
Published: April 2020

An 8-month-old male infant patient was referred to our institution (from elsewhere) with a history of fever, convulsions, dystonic posturing, altered sensorium, and loss of motor and mental milestones since past 1 month. Upon admission to our institution, a neuroimaging (magnetic resonance imaging of the brain) revealed frontoparietal atrophy, “bat-wing appearance,” and basal ganglia changes. Carnitine and acylcarnitine profile revealed low total carnitine, very low free carnitine, and low free/acylcarnitine ratio, with normal levels of plasma amino acids. Urine gas chromatography mass spectrometry showed an elevated level of ketones (3-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetate) and glutaric acid with the presence of 3-hydroxyglutaric acid, suggestive of glutaric aciduria type 1. Diet modification and pharmacotherapy with riboflavin and carnitine arrested the neurological deterioration in the patient.
Electron correlation effects and magneto-optical properties of yttrium iron garnet
Authors: Nakashima Hiroki , Pradipto Abdul-Muizz , Akiyama Toru , Ito Tomonori , Nakamura Kohji
Published: April 2020

The electronic structure, magnetic, optical and magneto-optical properties of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) were investigated by using first-principles calculations with Hubbard energy correction for the treatment of the strong electron correlation. The effective on-site Coulomb interaction parameters Ueff for YIG were determined from the constrained density functional theory within a linear response theory. Our results find a hybridization between the O-2p and Fe-3d orbitals. We also observe the crucial role of the electron correlation of the Fe-3d orbitals according to the magneto-optical properties of YIG.
An adapted particle swarm optimization algorithm as a model for exploring premyofibril formation
Authors: Sherman William , Grosberg Anna
Published: April 2020

While the fundamental steps outlining myofibril formation share a similar scheme for different cell and species types, various granular details involved in the development of a functional contractile muscle are not well understood. Many studies of myofibrillogenesis focus on the protein interactions that are involved in myofibril maturation with the assumption that there is a fully formed premyofibril at the start of the process. However, there is little known regarding how the premyofibril is initially constructed. Fortunately, the protein α-actinin, which has been consistently identified throughout the maturation process, is found in premyofibrils as punctate aggregates known as z-bodies. We propose a theoretical model based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm that can explore how these α-actinin clusters form into the patterns observed experimentally. Our algorithm can produce different pattern configurations by manipulating specific parameters that can be related to α-actinin mobility and binding affinity. These patterns, which vary experimentally according to species and muscle cell type, speak to the versatility of α-actinin and demonstrate how its behavior may be altered through interactions with various regulatory, signaling, and metabolic proteins. The results of our simulations invite speculation that premyofibrils can be influenced toward developing different patterns by altering the behavior of individual α-actinin molecules, which may be linked to key differences present in different cell types.
Machine learning modeling of lattice constants for half-Heusler alloys
Authors: Zhang Yun , Xu Xiaojie
Published: April 2020

The Gaussian process regression model is developed as a machine learning tool to find statistical correlations among lattice constants, a0, of half-Heusler compounds, ionic radii, and Pauling electronegativity of their alloying elements. Nearly 140 half-Heusler samples, containing alloying elements of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Rh, Ti, V, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, P, As, and Sb, are explored for this purpose. The modeling approach demonstrates a high degree of accuracy and stability, contributing to efficient and low-cost estimations of lattice constants of half-Heusler compounds.