bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lactobacillus bulgaricus Sebagai Probiotik Guna Peningkatan Kualitas Ampas Tahu Untuk Pakan Cacing Tanah
Authors: Purkan Purkan
Published: December 2017

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas protease dari probiotik Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan pengaruh probiotik Lactobacillus bulgaricus dalam fermentasi pakan ampas tahu untuk meningkatkan produktivitas cacing tanah. Metode yang digunakan untuk penentuan aktivitas protease dalam hidrolisis substrat kasein adalah metode Bradford. Dari hasil penelitian, probiotik Lactobacillus bulgaricus mengeluarkan protease selama 18 jam pertumbuhan, dengan aktivitas protease sebesar 131,04 U/mL. Probiotik Lactobacillus bulgaricus OD 0,6 dapat menghidrolisis protein ampas tahu sebesar 1,48 µg/mL dalam 12 jam fermentasi. Produktivitas cacing tanah mengalami peningkatan berat cacing tanah karena adanya pengaruh probiotik Lactobacillus bulgaricus pada pakan ampas tahu yang ditunjukkan dengan persen kenaikan berat cacing tanah sebesar 32,13%.Kata kunci: Probiotik, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Enzim protease, Cacing tanah
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI SENYAWA KOMPLEKS Zn(II)-EDTA SEBAGAI SENAYAWA ANTIALGA PADA COOLING WATER INDUSTRI
Authors: Setyawati Harsasi
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTA research on the synthesis and characterization of complex compounds of Zn (II)-EDTA as antialgae compound is applied to the cooling water industry. This research aims to determine the activity of complex compounds of Zn (II)-EDTA against algae that live in the water cooling water. The activity antialgae assay of comple compound of Zn(II)-EDTA with luminescence method and dry cell weight method. Complex compound of Zn (II)-EDTA made with mole ratio of ZnCl2: Na2EDTA is 1:1. Complex compound of Zn (II)-EDTA analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and FTIR spectrophotometer. The results of UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis showed that the complex compounds of Zn (II)-EDTA has a maximum wavelength at 752 nm. While the results of FTIR analysis showed  Zn-O vibration absorption at wave number 478.35 cm-1 and Zn-N vibration absorption at wave number 516.92 cm-1. In the activity antialgae assay of complex compound of Zn (II)-EDTA made with a concentration of 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm. The test results showed that the activity of complex compounds of Zn (II) -EDTA can kill green algae and brown algae. Of the four concentrations of complex compounds of Zn (II)-EDTA, green algae and brown algae can be killed optimally at a concentration of 50 ppm.Keywords: complex Zn(II)-EDTA, cooling water, antialgae, green algae, brown                   algae
Relative Weighted Feature Space for Dimensionality Reduction and Classification of Hyperspectral Images
Authors: Ahmadi Seyyed Ali , Mehrshad Nasser , Razavi Seyyed Mohammad
Published: December 2017

Containing hundreds of spectral bands (features), hyperspectral images (HSIs) have high ability in discrimination of land cover classes. Traditional HSIs data processing methods consider the same importance for all bands in the original feature space (OFS), while different spectral bands play different roles in identification of samples of different classes. In order to explore the relative importance of each feature, we learn a weighting matrix and obtain the relative weighted feature space (RWFS) as an enriched feature space for HSIs data analysis in this paper. To overcome the difficulty of limited labeled samples which is common case in HSIs data analysis, we extend our method to semisupervised framework. To transfer available knowledge to unlabeled samples, we employ graph based clustering where low rank representation (LRR) is used to define the similarity function for graph. After construction the RWFS, any arbitrary dimension reduction method and classification algorithm can be employed in RWFS. The experimental results on two well-known HSIs data set show that some dimension reduction algorithms have better performance in the new weighted feature space.
Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated with Early Growth Trajectory in Preterm Infants
Authors: Alexandre-Gouabau Marie-Cécile , Moyon Thomas , Cariou Véronique , Antignac Jean-Philippe , Qannari El Mostafa , Croyal Mikaël , Molamine Mohamed , Guitton Yann , David-Sochard Agnès , Billard Hélène , Legrand Arnaud , Boscher Cécile , Darmaun Dominique , Rozé Jean-Christophe , Boquien Clair-Yves
Published: December 2017

Human milk is recommended for feeding preterm infant. Yet the potential impact of specific breast-milk lipid components on the initial growth rate of very-preterm infants has received scant attention. The current pilot study aims to determine whether breast-milk lipidome had any impact on the early growth pattern of preterm infants fed their own mother’s milk. A prospective monocentric observational birth cohort was established, enrolling 147 preterm infants, who received their own mother’s breast-milk throughout hospital stay. Among that cohort, infants who experienced slow (n=15) or fast (n=11) growth were selected, based on the change in their weight Z-score between birth and hospital discharge (-1.54± 0.42 and -0.48± 0.19 Z-score, respectively). Liquid chromatography-high resolution-mass spectrometry was used to obtain lipidomic signatures in breast-milk. Multivariate analyses made it possible to identify breast-milk lipid species that allowed clear-cut discrimination between the 2 infants’ groups. Validation of the selected biomarkers was performed by means of various multidimensional statistical techniques, false-discovery rate and ROC curve computation. Breast-milk associated with fast growth contained more medium chain-saturated fatty acid and -sphingomyelin, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA)-containing phosphethanolamine, and less oleic acid-containing triglyceride and DGLA-oxylipin. Their predictive ability of preterm early-growth rate was validated in presence of confounding clinical factors. 
Macroscale Mechanical and Microscale Structural Changes in Chinese Wufeng Shale With Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Fracturing
Authors: Liu Qing-You , Tao Lei , Zhu Hai-Yan , Lei Zheng-Dong , Jiang Shu , McLennan John David
Published: December 2017

Waterless fracturing for shale-gas exploitation using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is both effective and environmentally friendly, and has become an extensive research topic. Previous researchers have focused on the chemical and physical properties and microstructure of sandstone, carbonate, and shale caprock, rather than on the properties of shale-gas formations. The macroscale mechanical properties and microscale fracture characteristics of Wufeng Shale exposed to scCO2 (at greater than 31.8°C and 7.29 MPa) are still not well-understood. To study the macroscale and microscale changes of shale subjected to scCO2, we obtained Chinese Wufeng Shale crops (Upper Ordovician Formation) from Yibin, Sichuan Basin, China. The shale samples were divided into two groups. The first group was exposed to scCO2, and the second group was exposed to nitrogen (N2). Scanning-electron-microscope (SEM) and X-ray-diffraction (XRD) images were taken to study the original microstructure and mineral content of the shale. To study the macroscale mechanical changes of Wufeng Shale immersed in scCO2 or N2 for 10 hours, triaxial tests with controlled coring angles were conducted. SEM and XRD images were taken after the triaxial tests. In the SEM images, tight bedding planes and undamaged minerals (with sharp edges and smooth surfaces) were found in N2-treated samples both before and after testing, indicating that exposure to N2 did not affect the microstructures. However, the SEM images for the microstructure scCO2-treated samples before and after testing were quite different. The bedding planes were damaged, which left some connected microfractures and corrosion holes, and some mineral types were broken into small particles and left with uneven mineral surfaces. This shows that scCO2 can change rock microstructures and make some minerals (e.g., calcite) fracture more easily. The complex microscale fractures and the decrease in strength for scCO2-treated shale aid the seepage and gathering of gas, enhancing shale-gas recovery. Knowledge of the multiscale physical and chemical changes of shale exposed to scCO2 is not only essential for scCO2 fracturing, but it is also important for scCO2 jets used to break rock and for the geological storage of CO2.
Avaliação de diferentes procedimentos de acabamento e polimento sobre a rugosidade de superfície de resina composta submetida à escovação com dentifrício
Authors: Reis Bruna de Oliveira , Brogin Fabiana Ferres , Catelan Anderson , Briso André Luiz Fraga , Santos Paulo Henrique dos
Published: December 2017

Introdução: As resinas compostas são os materiais restauradores que mais evoluíram na Odontologia Estética. Em condições normais, o desgaste dos materiais é proveniente da mastigação e do atrito dos abrasivos contidos nos cremes dentais durante a escovação. Este processo abrasivo pode também comprometer o acabamento do compósito, aumentando também a sua rugosidade. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de diferentes procedimentos de acabamento e polimento sobre a rugosidade de superfície de diferentes resinas compostas, submetidas a ciclos de escovação mecânica. Materiais e Métodos: Quarenta corpos-de-prova foram preparados para cada resina composta (Filtek Supreme XT-3M/Espe e Esthet-X - Dentsply) e submetidos ao polimento (Sof-Lex – 3M/Espe, PoGo – Dentsply e Biscover LV - Bisco e controle). Para a análise inicial da rugosidade de superfície foi empregado rugosímetro SJ 401 (Mitutoyo). Após a leitura inicial, os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos a 30000 ciclos de escovação utilizando o dentifrício Colgate Máxima Proteção Anticárie (Colgate-Palmolive), seguida de nova leitura da rugosidade. Amostras representativas de cada grupo foram metalizadas e levadas à microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Resultados: Houve diferença estatisticamente significante de rugosidade (p<0,05) tanto entre as resinas compostas quanto entre as técnicas de acabamento e polimento. A resina Esthet-X apresentou os maiores valores iniciais de rugosidade, sendo que após a escovação não houve diferença com a Filtek Supreme XT. Conclusão: dentre as técnicas de acabamento e polimento, o selamento com Biscover LV possibilitou os menores valores de rugosidade de superfície para ambas as resinas.Descritores: Propriedades de Superfície; Resinas Compostas; Escovação Dentária.
Decreased Electron Transfer between Cr(VI) and AH2DS in the Presence of Goethite
Authors: Tomaszewski Elizabeth J. , Ginder‐Vogel Matthew
Published: December 2017

9,10‐Anthraquinone‐2,6‐disulfonic acid (AQDS) is commonly used as a model species to examine the influence of quinones on different biogeochemical cycles. The reduced form of this quinone, AH2DS, can donate electrons to the toxic metal species Cr(VI), leading to the precipitation of less soluble Cr(III) phases. Due to the environmental abundance of Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides, such as goethite (α‐FeOOH), it is important to study the role of these mineral phases on the electron transfer reaction between AH2DS and Cr(VI). In this study, this electron transfer reaction is examined in the presence and absence of goethite at three different ratios of AH2DS/Cr(VI). Ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy is used to qualitatively assess the oxidation state of AQDS during reactions with goethite. Iron K‐edge and Cr K‐edge X‐ray absorption spectroscopy are used to examine the role of goethite in electron transfer and identify Cr(III) phases that form. Goethite inhibits the extent of Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III), most notably at the highest ratio of AH2DS/Cr(VI) investigated. Production of semiquinone radical species may limit electron transfer and decrease the yields of Fe(II) and Cr(III), both in the presence and absence of goethite. Understanding abiotic electron transfer reactions that occur in systems with multiple redox active species is important to determine the contribution of abiotic redox reactions to Fe biogeochemical cycling in natural soils.

Core Ideas

Goethite inhibits the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in the presence of AH2DS.

Semiquinone radical production probably leads to a decrease in reducing equivalents.

X‐ray absorption spectroscopy shows no FexCrx(OH)3 phases form in Cr(VI) reduction.
Isolation of Mutations Conferring Increased Glyphosate Resistance in Spring Wheat
Authors: Aramrak Attawan , Lawrence Nevin C. , Demacon Victor L. , Carter Arron H. , Kidwell Kimberlee K. , Burke Ian C. , Steber Camille M.
Published: December 2017

A mutation breeding approach was used to explore the feasibility of isolating glyphosate‐resistant (GR) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines. Although transgenic GR wheat cultivars were developed, they were never introduced due to lack of consumer acceptance and concern over management of volunteer wheat in rotation. Large‐scale screening experiments recovered ethyl methanesulfonate mutants able to resist 360 to 480 g acid equivalent (ae) ha−1 glyphosate in four spring wheat cultivars, ‘Hollis’, ‘Louise’, ‘Macon’, and ‘Tara2002’, indicating that it is possible to recover resistance in a wide range of genetic backgrounds (glyphosate is typically applied at 840 g ae ha−1 in transgenic crops). Glyphosate rates of 420 to 530 g ae ha−1 were sufficient to kill the susceptible wild‐type parents. Seven GR mutants were characterized: GRH9‐5, GRH9‐8, GRL1, GRL33, GRL65, GRM14, and GRT20. Glyphosate resistance was examined at the whole‐plant level in dose–response experiments. Three mutant lines—GRL33, GRH9‐5, and GRT20—exhibited resistance based on a significant increase in the dose required to retard growth compared with the corresponding susceptible wild type. According to F2 segregation analysis, GRL1, GRL65, and GRT20 segregated as a single dominant gene, whereas GRL33, GRH9‐5, and GRH9‐8 appeared to be either a single semidominant or polygenic trait. Although GRL1 was associated with an amino acid substitution (L239F) in TaEPSPS‐7D1, no nucleotide changes were observed in the coding regions of wheat 5‐enolpyruvylshikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene in GRL33 and GRH9‐8. Results suggest that glyphosate resistance can result from multiple genetic mechanisms in wheat.
A Simple Enrichment Correction Factor for Improving Erosion Estimation by Rare Earth Oxide Tracers
Authors: Zhang X.C. (John) , Liu G. , Zheng F.L.
Published: December 2017

Core Ideas

Rare‐earth element oxide tracers are preferably bound to silt and clay particles.

Rare‐earth element tracers are conservative during erosion and transport in each size class.

A simple correction factor reduced erosion estimation error to greater than 4.5%.

The correction method does not require rare‐earth element measurement in different classes.

The rare‐earth element technique is capable of producing high‐quality erosion data.

Spatially distributed soil erosion data are needed to better understand soil erosion processes and validate distributed erosion models. Rare‐earth element (REE) oxides have been extensively tested and used to trace soil movement at plot or small watershed scales to generate spatial erosion data. However, a general concern regarding the accuracy of the technique arose due to selective binding of REE to fine soil particles and their preferential transport during soil erosion by water. Our objective was to develop a simple enrichment correction factor to improve the accuracy of the technique without the need for measuring REE for multiple size classes. A coarse Lithic Ustipsamment soil (2% clay, 20% silt), deliberately tagged with eight REE oxides, was packed into eight zones in a physical model of a small watershed to trace erosion from each zone. Three 30‐min rains were simulated at 1, 1.5, and 2 mm min−1, and runoff was collected every 2 min. Sediment was separated into nine size classes, and REE oxides in each class were extracted and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Both REE and the silt + clay fraction (<0.05 mm) were enriched in the sediment, resulting in a consistent overestimation of soil loss. An enrichment correction factor, based on enrichment of the <0.05‐mm fraction, effectively corrected the overestimation and reduced the event mean estimation errors from 18 to 40% to <4.5%. The correction circumvents the need for measuring REE for multiple size classes, which is costly and time consuming. Moreover, this study found that REE tracers were conservative within each size class during erosion, and this scientifically underpins the use of an enrichment correction factor and erosion tracing by multiple size classes. The correction factor should be further tested with different soils.
Hydro‐sedimentary Dynamics of a Drained Agricultural Headwater Catchment: A Nested Monitoring Approach
Authors: Grangeon T. , Manière L. , Foucher A. , Vandromme R. , Cerdan O. , Evrard O. , Pene-Galland I. , Salvador-Blanes S.
Published: December 2017

Core Ideas

Discharge and sediment concentrations were measured in a drained catchment.

The impact of tile drainage at the catchment scale was analyzed with a nested approach.

The major part of sediment fluxes occurred during winter floods.

Sediment transfer in the tile drain was episodic although significant.

Soil erosion and sediment transfer are extensive in lowland agricultural catchments. In these environments, high‐frequency datasets of both water discharge and suspended sediment concentrations are often lacking. In particular, the impact of tile drainage networks on sediment fluxes in these catchments is poorly understood. Our research quantified sediment fluxes between 2013 and 2016 at five nested stations including a tile drain outlet across a small (25‐km2) agricultural catchment (located in the Loire River basin, France) representative of lowland cultivated environments of the middle part of this basin. Sediment fluxes varied from 1 to 38 t km−2 yr−1 across the monitored subcatchments. Most of sediment fluxes (79 ± 9%) were measured during flood events (n = 44), mostly occurring in winter (75%) and spring (20%). Seasonality controlled most of the variations of sediment fluxes. Sediment transfers in tile drains occurred episodically. Flows were measured during 11.4% of the monitoring time. A mean time lag of 80 min was recorded between the peak discharge at the drain outlet and the downstream river station. At the event scale, sediment fluxes exported from the tile drain varied between 1.1 × 10−4 and 2.5 t km−2 and remained of the same order of magnitude as those measured at the downstream river station, although the latter were on average 53% lower. Results suggest significant storage of sediment material in the river channel and its export during the most intense flood events. Our research emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring of water and sediment transfers in agricultural catchments equipped with tile drains.
Transport Time Scales in Soil Erosion Modeling
Authors: Lisle I.G. , Sander G.C. , Parlange J.-Y. , Rose C.W. , Hogarth W.L. , Braddock R.D. , Stagnitti F. , Lockington D.A. , Jomaa S. , Cheraghi M. , Barry D.A.
Published: December 2017

Core Ideas

Erosion timescales inherent in the Hairsine–Rose soil erosion are exposed.

Both fast and slow timescales are isolated and can be estimated a priori.

The maximum sediment settling rate controls the possible range of timescales.

In practice, the full range of erosion timescales are not seen in flume experiments.

Unlike sediment transport in rivers, erosion of agricultural soil must overcome its cohesive strength to move soil particles into suspension. Soil particle size variability also leads to fall velocities covering many orders of magnitude, and hence to different suspended travel distances in overland flow. Consequently, there is a large range of inherent timescales involved in transport of eroded soil. For conditions where there is a constant rainfall rate and detachment is the dominant erosion mechanism, we use the Hairsine–Rose (HR) model to analyze these timescales, to determine their magnitude (bounds) and to provide simple approximations for them. We show that each particle size produces both fast and slow timescales. The fast timescale controls the rapid adjustment away from experimental initial conditions—this happens so quickly that it cannot be measured in practice. The slow timescales control the subsequent transition to steady state and are so large that true steady state is rarely achieved in laboratory experiments. Both the fastest and slowest timescales are governed by the largest particle size class. Physically, these correspond to the rate of vertical movement between suspension and the soil bed and the time to achieve steady state, respectively. For typical distributions of size classes, we also find that there is often a single dominant timescale that governs the growth in the total mass of sediment in the non‐cohesive deposited layer. This finding allows a considerable simplification of the HR model, leading to analytical expressions for the evolution of suspended and deposited layer concentrations.
Penggunaan Media Sosial dengan Pendekatan Model AIDA bagi Usaha Kecil dan Menengah
Authors: Syastra Muhammad Taufik , Adam Steffi
Published: December 2017

Small Medium Enterprise (SMEs) have a strategic role in the development of a country. Every SME needs to improve its competitive advantage. One way to improve the competitive advantage is to utilize social media in running the business. The research aims to This study aims to implement the use of social media with reference to the AIDA Model for SMEs.  The fresearch focuses on social media facebook. SMEs are given training in using social media. Training participants as respondents from this research are 20 SMEs. The data analysis technique used is Miles and Hubermann. Results from this study indicate that the AIDA model can be used as an approach in using social media facebook. A total of 20 SMEs have been trained to use social media facebook based on AIDA model
Penilaian Implementasi e-Government di PUSTEKOM Kemendikbud berbasis metode PEGI
Authors: Rahayu Puji
Published: December 2017

According to the Survey UN (United Nations) in 2014, e-government and innovation can provide major opportunities to transform the public administration becomes a tool of sustainable development, provide services more transparent and more accountable. Formerly, the development of government services can be done with a variety of channels, either through online services, big data, social media, mobile applications, or cloud computing, have expanded our perception of e-government services. The research aims to assess the level of achievement of e-Government implementation in the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. Assessment is measured by the Indonesian e-Government Rating framework. The data in this research are obtained by qualitative approach and descriptive data analysis. The finding of this research that the implementation of  e-Government in Ministry of Education and Culture in the category of "Very Good". Based on such an assessment, given the recommendation:  assemblying policies Governance of ICT, aligning the ICT Master Plan by principle of ICT Governance, fulfilling documents related to human Resources of ICT and the application documents, the standardization of domain labeling and e-education, completing information systems/ technogy of management and organizational design, assemblying the development plan of e-education content, and development plans of information system and information technology.
Implementasi Fuzzy ELECTRE Untuk Penilaian Kerusakan Akibat Bencana Alam
Authors: Pinem Agusta Praba Ristadi
Published: December 2017

Indonesia is prone to geology natural disasters, such as the earthquake and tsunami. The research aims to develop decision support system that can be used for assessment of damage caused by natural disaster after disaster. The method used in this system is method of fuzzy   ELECTRE and ECLAC. Fuzzy ELECTRE method used to determine the priority of the affected area, while ECLAC method used to calculate the natural disasters damage. Fuzzy method used in the process of assessing the weight and classification process. Variables used in this research is the sector that were damaged. Integration of fuzzy and ELECTRE methods applied in the prioritization of areas affected by natural disasters. The result of this research is classification of disaster area with rank based on weighting. Output visualized decision-making system in the form of dashboards in the form of mapping the area affected by the disaster. The variable rate of interest was made as a decision maker in the form of mapping that indicates the priority areas most severely affected by natural disasters. The process of calculation, analysis and ranking built in one integrated system. Combination mapping and decision support system produce information to support decision making. Ranking information similar with priority in BNPB documents with 0.96 coefficient Rank Spearman correlation (ρ).
Male Urogenital Disorders and Metabolic Syndrome: Possible Links, Characteristics and Potential Treatment Strategies
Authors: Oztekin Cetin Volkan , Kaya-Sezginer Ecem , Yilmaz-Oral Didem , Gur Serap
Published: December 2017

Background:

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), as a cluster of metabolic derangements which are major
risk factors for vascular disease is one of the most important threats to public health. Although the epidemiological
and limited amount of basic science and clinical evidence link MetS to several male urogenital disorders, a
holistic approach aiming to define common mechanistic pathways and new possible therapeutic targets are lacking.

Objective:

The current review has focused on providing scientific evidence on the role of MetS and its components
on male urogenital disorders and the definition of new therapeutic targets.

Method:

In this review, current clinical and basic science literature were assessed examining the role of MetS in
etiology and pathogenesis of male urogenital disorders and performed through PubMed from 2000 to May 2017.

Results and Conclusion:

MetS shows an important association with common male urogenital disorders such as
benign prostatic enlargement, lower urinary tract symptoms, erectile dysfunction, infertility and renal disease.
MetS affects male urogenital system mainly through endocrine and vascular mechanisms. Obesity, hypogonadism,
obesity-induced androgen deficiency, hyperinsulinemia and inflammation are the mechanisms commonly
involved and may act as potential targets for MetS-male urogenital system interrelations. Future studies are
needed to evaluate the therapeutic approaches for intervention in MetS-male urogenital disease relations.
The Relationship between the Level of Spiritual and Self-Esteem on Depression towards Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mustika I Wayan , Candra I Wayan , SC NLP Yunianti
Published: December 2017

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was a non-communicable disease, which became the third cause of death after stroke and hypertension with a number of cases continue to increase. Objective: The research objective was to analyze the relationship between the spiritual level, self-esteem, and depression in patients with diabetes mellitus. The present research was design/drafting correlational studies. Methods: The model approach towards the subject of research conducted by cross-sectional. The research was conducted at the health center IV South Denpasar for five months. The study population was patients with DM and patients at high risk who went to the health center IV South Denpasar. The samples which selected which met the inclusion criteria and exclusion amounted to 41 people. Results: Based on the results of the analysis was obtained that there was a significant negative relationship between the spiritual level to the level of depression shown by the p-value = 0.018 (p <0.05). The hypothesis thereby was accepted. Conclusion: the low spiritual level would be followed by the high rate of depression. Conversely, the high spiritual level would be followed by low levels of depression. It was similar to the analysis of self-esteem and depression. An existence of the negative relationship between self-esteem and depression similar with some of the opinions, that depression was influenced by a section of code namely low self-esteem. It was shown with the p-value = 0.008 (p <0.05). The patients which have high self-esteem mastering the feeling to respect himself, therefore, it could bring up the positive attitude in the patient, as well as could foster confidence.
Effectiveness of a Text Messaging�Based Intervention Targeting Alcohol Consumption Among University Students: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Thomas Kristin , Müssener Ulrika , Linderoth Catharina , Karlsson Nadine , Bendtsen Preben , Bendtsen Marcus
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND

Excessive drinking among university students is a global challenge, leading to significant health risks. However, heavy drinking among students is widely accepted and socially normalized. Mobile phone interventions have attempted to reach students who engage in excessive drinking. A growing number of studies suggest that text message–based interventions could potentially reach many students and, if effective, such an intervention might help reduce heavy drinking in the student community.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of a behavior change theory–based 6-week text message intervention among university students.

METHODS

This study was a two-arm, randomized controlled trial with an intervention group receiving a 6-week text message intervention and a control group that was referred to treatment as usual at the local student health care center. Outcome measures were collected at baseline and at 3 months after the initial invitation to participate in the intervention. The primary outcome was total weekly alcohol consumption. Secondary outcomes were frequency of heavy episodic drinking, highest estimated blood alcohol concentration, and number of negative consequences attributable to excessive drinking.

RESULTS

A total of 896 students were randomized to either the intervention or control group. The primary outcome analysis included 92.0% of the participants in the intervention group and 90.1% of the control group. At follow-up, total weekly alcohol consumption decreased in both groups, but no significant between-group difference was seen. Data on the secondary outcomes included 49.1% of the participants in the intervention group and 41.3% of the control group. No significant between-group difference was seen for any of the secondary outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

The present study was under-powered, which could partly explain the lack of significance. However, the intervention, although theory-based, needs to be re-assessed and refined to better support the target group. Apart from establishing which content forms an effective intervention, the optimal length of an alcohol intervention targeting students also needs to be addressed in future studies.

CLINICALTRIAL

International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number ISRCTN95054707; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN95054707 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/70Ax4vXhd)
Special Economic Zone at the Crossroads: The Case of Batam
Authors: Aritenang Adiwan F.
Published: December 2017

The establishment and development of Batam are very much related to Indonesia’s development itself. Considering its strategic location, since the 1970s, the Indonesian government has planned and developed Batam to catch economy spillovers from Singapore. The decentralization induces new development paths through critical juncture restructure the institutional setting in the Batam government and innovation of ICT by the Batam Indonesia Free Zone Authority (BIFZA leaders. These new paths introduce new development trajectories for Batam that has relied on manufacturing and infrastructure for its economic development. The paper analyses the impact of the political economy shift on Batam’s economic growth. Using historical institutionalism, the paper argues that the city exhibit urban economy resilience as, despite national politico-economy turbulence, the city creates new opportunities for alternative economic growth channels. The innovation, knowledge accumulation and strong informal ties allow the ICT sector to emerge as the driver of economic growth, adding to the manufacturing sector. This shows the importance of technology adaptation to avoid institutional lock-in and path dependence for local development.
Consumer Responsibility for Food Safety
Authors: Janjic Jelena , Ciric Jelena , Boskovic Marija , Sarcevic Danijela , Popovic Milka , Z. Baltic Milan
Published: December 2017

Nowadays, food safety and quality have a key role in maintaining the health of consumer, as the ultimate link in the food chain. Foodborne diseases can be a problem for every individual, but are particularly important to children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Although food hygiene experts widely accept many cases of foodborne disease occur as a result of improper food handling and preparation by consumers, the consumers themselves are still not aware of this fact. Correct personal hygiene measures are a well known step facilitating reductions in the risk of these diseases. However, actual implementation of personal hygiene and sanitation behaviors at home remains insufficient. The aim of many studies is to assess consumers’ knowledge of food security and to determine whether that knowledge is applied in practice. Such information can be of great help to professionals who deal with education of consumers about food safety, should help promote the principle among consumers that they themselves have a critical role in reducing the risk of foodborne disease.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN FASILITAS LIKUIDITAS PEMBIAYAAN PERUMAHAN (FLPP) TERHADAP ANGKA BACKLOG
Authors: Mangeswuri, S.E., M.Si Dewi Restu
Published: December 2017

Fasilitas Likuiditas Pembiayaan Perumahan (FLPP) merupakan program pemerintah yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan pembiayaan perumahan yang murah dan terjangkau bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah (MBR). Pengenaan bunga/marjin yang jauh lebih rendah dari suku bunga pasar serta masa tenor yang jauh lebih panjang ini diharapkan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan akan rumah khususnya bagi MBR. Berdasarkan data sensus penduduk tahun 2010 yang dilakukan oleh badan statistik, diperoleh angka backlog sebesar 13,5 juta. Backlog sendiri memiliki arti pemahaman yang berbeda antara BPS dengan Kementerian PUPR. Menurut BPS, backlog adalah kekurangan pasokan perumahan berdasarkan status kepemilikan. Sedangkan menurut Kementerian PUPR, backlog perumahan merupakan ketidaklayakan huni bagi masyarakat. Sedangkan pada tulisan ini, penulis mengacu pada pengertian backlog BPS, yang juga dijadikan dasar oleh Kementerian PUPR dalam program FLPP ini. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai program FLPP yang telah berjalan sampai dengan sekarang, serta mendapatkan informasi apakah alternatif kebijakan lain yang mampu memperbaiki kualitas FLPP terkait dengan pengurangan angka backlog. Dari hasil analisa kinerja FLPP sampai dengan sekarang ini didapatkan kenyataan bahwa FLPP telah terealisasi sesuai dengan perencanaan yang telah dianggarkan, hanya saja program yang berasal dari pos Pembiayaan APBN ini masih belum mampu atau bisa dikatakan jauh dari menutupi angka backlog yang ada. Alternatif kebijakan selain FLPP yang telah ditawarkan oleh pemerintah ada 2 (dua) yaitu Subsidi Selisih Bunga dan Bantuan Uang Muka. Berdasarkan perbandingan antara pagu anggaran dan jumlah unit rumah yang hendak dicapai, maka program Subsidi Selisih Bunga merupakan alternatif terbaik.
TATA KELOLA MINERAL FUND DALAM MENUNJANG PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH BERKELANJUTAN : (STUDI KASUS KABUPATEN BOMBANA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA)
Authors: Alwi La Ode , Dharmawan Arya Hadi , Fauzi Akhmad , Hutagaol M. Parulian
Published: December 2017

Pengelolaan pertambangan pada suatu daerah sejatinya dapat memberikan kesejahteraan masyarakat khususnya pada daerah penghasil tambang itu sendiri. Namun yang terjadi justru daerah penghasil tambang terjebak dalam sindrom resource curse dan ducth desease. Pendapatan daerah dari minera fund merupakan instrumen cash transfer yang cenderung gagal mensejahterakan masyarakat yang disebabkan adanya bias sasaran, bias program dan bias koordinasi. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) menformulasikan model tata kelola kelembagaan mineral fund; 2) menentukan alternatif terbaik dalam pengelolaan dan perencanaan pemanfaatan mineral fund. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dalam format world cafe. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa (i) indikator kunci dalam tata kelola kelembagaan mineral fund dalam menunjang pembangunan daerah berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Bombana adalah adanya Badan Pengelola minera fund, ketersediaan regulasi, perencanaan program yang tepat sasaran, pengawasan biaya produksi dan pengawasan pada tingkat produksi, dengan lembaga pengelolaa adalah Institusi Multi Pihak; (ii) Alternatif terbaik pemanfaatan mineral fund yang menunjang pembangunan daerah berkelanjutan, yakni (a) aspek sosial, yakni peningkatan sarana kesehatan, pendidikan dan ibadah, peningkatan peran masyarakat adat dalam pengambilan keputusan, kualitas SDM yang tinggi, pemberdayaan masyarakat serta peningkatan peran masyarakat dalam pengelolaan lingkungan; (b) aspek ekonomi, yakni pengembangan lembaga ekonomi dan keuangan, diversifikasi ekonomi perdesaan, pembangunan investasi primer, peningkatan iklim investasi dan pengembangan produk lokal, dan (c) aspek ekologi/lingkungan, yakni penanganan pencemaran, proteksi dan keselamatan ekologi dan manusia, penanganan munculnya bencana alam dan penanganan lahan akhir sebagai sektor primer.
HARMONISASI KEBIJAKAN HULU-HILIR DALAM PENGEMBANGAN BUDIDAYA DAN INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN KAKAO NASIONAL
Authors: Mulyono Daru
Published: December 2017

Produktivitas kakao di Indonesia tergolong rendah dimana pada tahun 2013 produksi biji kakao hanya mencapai 414 kg/ha/tahun jauh dibawah rata-rata ideal yang mencapai 2.000 kg/ha/tahun. Demikian pula dalam industri pengolahan kakao yang mengalami kesulitan karena kekurangan pasokan bahan baku biji kakao sehingga belum berkembang optimal. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih jelas dalam upaya pengembangan agribisnis kakao nasional yang dilakukan melalui harmonisasi dan sinkronisasi kebijakan hulu-hilir dalam pengembangan budidaya dan industri pengolahan kakao. Kajian ini merupakan kajian deskriptif analitik dengan analisis data dilakukan melalui: (a) penelaahan dokumen-dokumen kebijakan yang terkait dengan pengembangan kakao, dan (b) perumusan konsep untuk meningkatkan produksi kakao dan mengembangkan industri pengolahan kakao dalam negeri. Untuk menunjang upaya pengembangan agribisnis kakao tersebut pemerintah telah melaksanakan program peningkatan produksi kakao melalui Gernas Kakao dan untuk pengembangan industri pengolahan kakao pemerintah telah pula menerapkan kebijakan pengenaan Bea Keluar (BK) ekspor biji kakao melalui Peraturan Menteri Keuangan (PMK) No. 67/PMK.011/2010 untuk menjamin pasokan bahan baku biji kakao. Hasil dilaksanakannya program Gernas Kakao dan diberlakukannya BK tersebut menunjukkan bahwa volume ekspor kakao dalam bentuk biji terus menurun dan sebaliknya volume ekspor produk olahan kakao terus meningkat. Dampak kebijakan tersebut akan semakin nyata dalam pengembangan agribisnis kakao bila dilakukan melalui perumusan kebijakan yang harmonis dan sinergis antara aspek budidaya kakao (sektor hulu) dan industri pengolahan kakao (sektor hilir).
PUBLIC GOODS BUKANKAH UNTUK RAKYAT?
Authors: Andhika Lesmana Rian
Published: December 2017

Public goods no longer were defined theoretically, public goods should be enjoyed by the public for free. This research article would like to give an overview of the management of public goods not only provided by the Government but the private sector also can perform its functions to produce public goods. The phenomenon occurs, the public good has been privatized, the game monopoly and cartels a threat and could increase poverty. The specific purpose of this research focuses on the management of public goods reviewed from the aspect of public policy which comes from a variety of scientific literature. The method in this research article systematic reviews technique, trying to identify all the written evidence exists regarding research themes. The results of this study revealed that the management of public goods cannot be fully enjoyed by the public for free, the practice of cheating took advantage of being a homework assignment for the government to act gives strict sanctions, reducing the privatization of public goods by the private sector.
EDUCATION CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS IN DEBATE LEARNING SMA NEGERI 1 KARANGANYAR
Authors: Gunawan Boby , Setiawan Budhi , Rohmadi Muhammad
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this study is to know what character values can be instilled through debate learning. Debate learning is a new basic competence that high school students have to study in this 2013 revision of the 2016 curriculum. In 2016, SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar became the 1st champion in high school debate competition in Karanganyar regency. The management of debate learning in SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar has become a benchmark for other schools in implementing debate learning. In addition to the teaching materials and methods used, the main thing in learning this curriculum is about character education for students. This research is qualitative research with case study method. Technique of taking data in this research is by using technique of record and record from result of observation done in class X SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar. The result obtained from this research is the discovery of 13 character values, namely: 1) honest; 2) discipline; 3) hard work; 4) curiosity; 5) nationalism; 6) appreciate achievement; 7) communicative; 8) love of peace; 9) reading; 10) environmental care; 11) responsibility; 12) manners; And 13) confident.Keywords: character education, debate learning, 2013 revision curriculum IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DEBAT KURIKULUM 2013 PADA SMA NEGERI 1 KARANGANYARAbstrakPembelajaran debat merupakan kompetensi dasar baru yang harus dipelajari siswa SMA pada edisi kurikulum 2013 revisi 2016 ini. SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar merupakan SMA pedoman bagi sekolah-sekolah lain di lingkungan Kabupaten Karanganyar karena terlihat dari input dan output siswa yang baik. Pada tahun 2016 kemarin SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar menjadi juara 1 dalam lomba debat tingkat SMA se-kabupaten Karanganyar. Pengelolaan pembelajaran debat yang ada di SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar menjadi tolok ukur bagi sekolah lain dalam menerapkan pembelajaran debat. Selain materi dan metode ajar yang digunakan, hal utama dalam pembelajaran kurikulum ini adalah mengenai pendidikan karakter untuk siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apa saja nilai-nilai karakter yang dapat ditanamkan melalui pembelajaran debat. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Teknik pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik rekam dan catat dari hasil observasi yang dilakukan di kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini berupa ditemukannya 13 nilai karakter, yakni: 1) jujur; 2) disiplin; 3) kerja keras; 4) rasa ingin tahu; 5) nasionalisme; 6) menghargai prestasi; 7) komunikatif; 8) cinta damai; 9) gemar membaca; 10) peduli lingkungan; 11) tanggung jawab; 12) sopan santun; dan 13) percaya diri.Kata kunci: pendidikan karakter, pembelajaran debat, kurikulum 2013 revisi
Daya Gabung dan Heterosis Galur Jagung (Zea mays L.) pada Karakter Hasil dan Komponen Hasil
Authors: Setyowidianto Eko Purnomo , Basuki Nur , Damanhuri Dan
Published: December 2017

Corn productivity can be improved using hybrid varieties. Evaluation of inbreds and hybrids were required to obtain information of general combining ability and specific combining ability. The objective of this research was to find out inbred combining ability and hybrids heterosis from crosses of 10 inbreds (5 inbreds from PT. Agri Makmur Pertiwi and 5 introduced inbreds) based on yield and yield components character. Diallel mating design using method 2 model 1 of Griffing model and the testing were conducted from January to August 2012. The tests using a randomized block design with three replications. PWM-1 (PT. Agri Makmur Pertiwi group) and PWI-5 (introduced group) have GCA better than other inbreds on grain yield, ear length, ear diameter, number of seed rows, shelling percentage and 1,000 seeds weight. Hybrids PWM-5 x PWM-1, PWI-5 x PWM-1 and PWI-5 x PWM-5 have a positive SCA values and also inbred parent have a positive GCA value. Intercrosses of introduced group had the high heterosis for all characters. PWI-4 x PWI-2 had highest SCA and heterobeltiosis for ear diameter and 1,000 seeds weight, and for number of seed rows was PWI-5 x PWI-2.

Keywords: diallel cross, heterobeltiosis
Seleksi dan Karakter Sekunder Jagung Inbrida Toleran Cekaman Kekeringan
Authors: Badaruddin Muhammad Farid , Efendi Roy , Nur Amin , Azrai Dan Muhammad
Published: December 2017

The availability of drought-tolerant maize inbred materials are useful to develop a hybrid or synthetic drought tolerant maize varieties. This research was aimed to select drought tolerant and determine secondary traits for selection of inbred maize. Selection of 31 maize inbred lines was conducted in nested experimental design in which the replicate was nested into the drought stress selection condition and normal irrigation. Drought stress treatment was applied during flowering to milk phase. In the normal irrigation condition the water was supplied every 10 days. The results showed that the medium tolerant to tolerant to drought stress inbred lines were 1044-30, DTPYC9-F46-3-9-1-1-B, CML161 / NEI9008, DTPYC9-F46-1-2-1-2- B, and Mr14. The yield declined of tolerant/medium tolerant inbred lines of about 17.0-38.3% was lower than sensitive inbred lines of about 42.8-70.7% under stress condition. The tolerant/medium tolerant inbred lines can be used for developing drought tolerant or synthetic varieties. The secondary traits effective for selection of drought tolerant inbred lines were shelling percentage, leaf chlorophyll, leaf rolling scores, number of tassel, the female flowering dates, and anthesis silking interval (ASI). The traits were more effected by genetic factors than the environmental factors and correlated to yield under drought stress conditions.

Keywords: anthesis silking interval, environmental condition, inbred lines, tassel number, yield
DA CABEÇA AOS PÉS: RACISMO E SEXISMO NO AMBIENTE ORGANIZACIONAL
Authors: Lage Mariana Luísa da Costa , Souza Eloisio Moulin de
Published: December 2017

Existe forte influência de atributos corporais na construção de características de raça e gênero. Neste sentido, o cabelo crespo é considerado um símbolo da identidade negra e da resistência levando-se em consideração a existência de uma hegemonia branca que inferioriza e desqualifica o cabelo afro. Nesse artigo se procurou analisar como é percebido aspectos corporais atribuídos a mulheres negras, tendo como foco principal o cabelo crespo das mulheres negras no ambiente organizacional. Pautado por uma pesquisa qualitativa, o estudo utilizou como técnica de produção de dados entrevistas semiestruturadas que, após serem gravadas e transcritas, foram analisadas utilizando-se a análise de conteúdo categorial temática, pela qual encontrou-se as seguintes categorias: a) Negritude, cabelo e família; b) Por meio dos fios: o racismo no cotidiano organizacional das mulheres negras; e c) Para além dos fios: a hipersexualização da mulher negra e o assédio moral. Os resultados apontam para um racismo e sexismo vivido por estas mulheres que vai além dos fios.