bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 2-year intercomparison of continuous-wave focusing wind lidar and tall mast wind measurements at Cabauw
Authors: Knoop Steven , Bosveld Fred C. , de Haij Marijn J. , Apituley Arnoud
Published: March 2021

Abstract. A 2-year measurement campaign of the ZephIR 300 vertical profiling
continuous-wave (CW) focusing wind lidar has been carried out by the Royal
Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) at the Cabauw site. We focus on
the (height-dependent) data availability of the wind lidar under various
meteorological conditions and the data quality through a comparison with in
situ wind measurements at several levels in the 213 m tall
meteorological mast. We find an overall availability of quality-controlled
wind lidar data of 97 % to 98 %, where the missing part is
mainly due to precipitation events exceeding
1 mm h−1 or fog or
low clouds below 100 m. The mean bias in the horizontal wind speed is
within 0.1 m s−1 with a high correlation between the mast and wind
lidar measurements, although under some specific conditions (very high wind
speed, fog or low clouds) larger deviations are observed. The mean bias in the
wind direction is within 2∘, which is of the same order as the
combined uncertainty in the alignment of the wind lidars and the mast wind
vanes. The well-known 180∘ error in the wind direction output for this
type of instrument occurs about 9 % of the time. A correction scheme
based on data of an auxiliary wind vane at a height of 10 m is
applied, leading to a reduction of the 180∘ error below
2 %. This scheme can be applied in real-time applications in the situation that a
nearby freely exposed mast with wind direction measurements at a single
height is available.
How are oxygen budgets influenced by dissolved iron and
growth of oxygenic phototrophs in an iron-rich spring system?
Initial results from the Espan Spring in Fürth, Germany
Authors: Köhler Inga , Martinez Raul E. , Piatka David , Herrmann Achim J. , Gallo Arianna , Gehringer Michelle M. , Barth Johannes A. C.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. At present most knowledge on the impact of iron on 18O / 16O ratios (i.e. δ18O) of dissolved oxygen (DO) under circum-neutral conditions stems from experiments carried out under controlled laboratory conditions. These showed that iron oxidation leads to an increase in δ18ODO values. Here we present the first study on effects of elevated Fe(II) concentrations on the δ18ODO in a natural, iron-rich circum-neutral watercourse. Our results show that iron oxidation was the major factor dominating the oxygen isotopes in the first 85 meters of the system in the cold season (December/February) and for the first 15 meters during the warm season (May). This trend existed despite a constant oxygen supply from the atmosphere. Further along the course of a spring and associated small stream system, the δ18ODO decreased towards values known for atmospheric equilibration. This may be due to reduced iron oxidation, increased atmospheric exchange and photosynthetic DO production. The presence of oxygenic phototrophic mats suggested their involvement in the observed decrease in δ18ODO values. In the cold season, the δ18ODO values stabilized around atmospheric equilibrium at +24.6 ‰, whereas in the warm season values decreased to +21.8 ‰. This suggests stronger influences by oxygenic photosynthesis. About 145 meters downstream of the spring, the δ18ODO increased again in the warm season until it reached the atmos-pheric equilibrium value of +24.6 ‰. This trend can be explained by a respiratory consumption of DO combined with a decrease in photosynthetic activity. Our study shows that dissolved Fe(II) can exert strong effects on the δ18ODO of a natural circum-neutral spring system even though a constant supply of atmospheric oxygen occurs. In the presence of active photosynthesis, with active supply of oxygen to the system, direct effects of Fe oxidation on the δ18ODO value becomes masked. However, critical Fe(II) concentrations may indirectly control DO budgets by enhancing photosynthesis, particularly if cyanobacteria are involved.
Wind, waves, and surface currents in the Southern Ocean: observations from the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition
Authors: Derkani Marzieh H. , Alberello Alberto , Nelli Filippo , Bennetts Luke G. , Hessner Katrin G. , MacHutchon Keith , Reichert Konny , Aouf Lotfi , Khan Salman , Toffoli Alessandro
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The Southern Ocean has a profound impact on the Earth's climate system. Its strong winds, intense currents, and fierce waves are critical components of the air–sea interface and contribute to absorbing, storing, and releasing heat, moisture, gases, and momentum. Owing to its remoteness and harsh environment, this region is significantly undersampled, hampering the validation of prediction models and large-scale observations from satellite sensors. Here, an unprecedented data set of simultaneous observations of winds, surface currents, and ocean waves is presented, to address the scarcity of in situ observations in the region – https://doi.org/10.26179/5ed0a30aaf764 (Alberello et al., 2020c) and https://doi.org/10.26179/5e9d038c396f2 (Derkani et al., 2020). Records were acquired underway during the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition (ACE), which went around the Southern Ocean from December 2016 to March 2017 (Austral summer). Observations were obtained with the wave and surface current monitoring system WaMoS-II, which scanned the ocean surface around the vessel using marine radars. Measurements were assessed for quality control and compared against available satellite observations. The data set is the most extensive and comprehensive collection of observations of surface processes for the Southern Ocean and is intended to underpin improvements of wave prediction models around Antarctica and research of air–sea interaction processes, including gas exchange and dynamics of sea spray aerosol particles. The data set has further potentials to support theoretical and numerical research on lower atmosphere, air–sea interface, and upper-ocean processes.
Description and Evaluation of a Secondary Organic Aerosol and
New Particle Formation Scheme within TM5-MP v1.1
Authors: Bergman Tommi , Makkonen Risto , Schrödner Roland , Swietlicki Erik , Phillips Vaughan T. J. , Le Sager Philippe , van Noije Twan
Published: March 2021

Abstract. We have implemented and evaluated a secondary organic aerosol scheme within the chemistry transport model TM5-MP in this work. In earlier versions of TM5-MP the secondary organic aerosol was emitted as Aitken sized particle mass emulating the condensation. In the current scheme we simulate the formation of SOA from oxidation of isoprene and monoterpenes by ozone and hydroxyl radicals which produce semi-volatile organic compounds and extremely low-volatility compounds. Subsequently, SVOC and ELVOC can condense on particles. Furthermore, we have introduced a new particle formation mechanism depending on the concentration of ELVOCs. For evaluation purposes, we have simulated the year 2010 with the old and new scheme, where we see an increase in simulated production of SOA from 39.9 Tg y−1 with the old scheme to 52.5 Tg y−1 with the new scheme. For more detailed analysis, the particle mass and number concentrations and their influence on the simulated aerosol optical depth are compared to observations. Phenomenologically, the new particle formation scheme implemented here is able to reproduce the occurrence of observed particle formation events. However, the concentrations of formed particles are clearly lower as is the subsequent growth to larger sizes. Compared to the old scheme, the new scheme is increasing the number concentrations across the observation stations while still underestimating the observations. The total aerosol mass concentrations in the US show a much better seasonal cycle and removal of a clear overestimation of concentrations. In Europe the mass concentrations are lowered leading to a larger underestimation of observations. Aerosol optical depth is generally slightly increased except in the northern high latitudes. This brings the simulated annual global mean AOD closer to observational estimate. However, as the increase is rather uniform, biases tend to be reduced only in regions where the model underestimates the AOD. Furthermore, the correlation against satellite retrievals and ground-based sun-photometer observations are improved. Although the process based approach to SOA formation causes reduction in model performance in some areas, overall the new scheme improves the simulated aerosol fields.
Late to post-Variscan differential uplift and basement segmentation
along the SW Bohemian Massif, Central Europe
Authors: Eberts Andreas , Fazlikhani Hamed , Bauer Wolfgang , Stollhofen Harald , de Wall Helga , Gabriel Gerald
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The exposed Variscan basement in Central Europe is well-known for its complex structural and lithological architecture resulting from multiple deformation phases. We study the southwestern margin of the Bohemian Massif, which is characterized by major and long-lived shear zones, such as the Pfahl and Danube shear zones, extending over > 100 km and initiated during Variscan tectonics. We integrate Bouguer gravity anomaly and LiDAR topographic data analyses and combine our results with available data and observations from low-temperature thermochronology, metamorphic grades, and granite intrusion depths to detect patterns of basement block segmentation and differential uplift. Three NW-SE striking basement blocks are bordered by the Runding, Pfahl, and Danube shear zones from the northeast to the southwest. Basement block boundaries are indicated by abrupt changes in measured gravity patterns and metamorphic grades. By applying high-pass filters to gravity data in combination with lineament analysis, we identified a new NNW-SSE striking tectonic structure (Cham Fault), which further segments known basement blocks. Basement blocks that are segmented by the Cham Fault differ in the abundance and spatial distribution of exposed late Variscan granites and are further characterized by variations of apparent thermochronological age data. Based on our observations and analyses, a differential uplift and tectonic tilt model is proposed to explain the juxtaposition of different crustal levels exposed at the surface. Block segmentation along the NW-SE striking Pfahl and Runding shear zones most likely occurred prior, during, and after late-orogenic granite emplacement at ca. 320 ± 10 Ma, as some of the granites are cross-cut by the shear zones while others utilized these structures during magma ascent and emplacement. In contrast, activity and block segmentation along the Cham Fault occurred after granite emplacement as the fault sharply truncates the granite inventory. Our study provides evidence for intense and continuous fault activity during late and early post-orogenic times and highlights the importance of tectonic structures in the juxtaposition of different crustal levels and the creation of complex lithological patterns in orogenic terrains.
PROCESSO COMO PROCEDIMENTO EM CONTRADITÓRIO: UM CONCEITO DE TEORIA GERAL DO PROCESSO OU DE PROCESSO DEMOCRÁTICO?
Authors: Oliveira Andrey , Santana Gabriel
Published: March 2021

Debate-se, conceitual e criticamente, a definição de processo como procedimento em contraditório, elaborada pelo processualista Elio Fazzalari. Tal análise far-se-á pela ótica da Teoria Geral do Processo. Deste modo, buscar-se-á compreender se, de fato, é possível encaixar a definição em questão em uma teoria que se pretende universal ou se sua pertinência se daria apenas em um âmbito de processos democráticos e válidos, tendo em vista que procedimentos em que não se exerce o contraditório seriam, segundo o referido conceito, situações de invalidade ou inexistência do processo. Para que o trabalho deixe o mínimo de dúvidas, buscar-se-á definir os conceitos com a máxima clareza possível, visto que se está lidando com palavras com um grau de ambiguidade extremamente alto, em especial no que tange aos vocábulos “procedimento”, “contraditório” e “processo”, sendo apresentadas as posições doutrinárias majoritárias que tratam sobre o tema.
Effect of fear on two predator-one prey model in deterministic and fluctuating environment
Authors: Mukherjee Debasis
Published: March 2021

Recent ecological studies on predator-prey interactions has concentrated on determining the impacts of antipredator behavior due to fear of predators. These studies are mainly confined into one predator-one prey system. But in case of multiple predator attack on single prey species, fear mechanism is still unknown. The combined impact of multiple predator often cannot be anticipated from their independent effects. So coexistence of multiple predators and prey’s fitness becomes an important issue from an ecological point of view. Based on the above observations, we proposed and analyzed a model consisting of two competing predator sharing a common prey where prey’s reproduction rate is affected due to fear generated by the predators. We first study the boundedness, uniform persistence, stability and Hopf bifurcation of the deterministic model. Thereafter, we have investigated the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution, boundedness, asymptotic stability of the stochastic model.  Numerical examples are provided to support our obtained  results.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS BERITA MELALUI STRATEGI THINK TALK WRITE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FOTO PERISTIWA
Authors: - ZAIDAR -
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini mengkaji peningkatan kemampuan menulis teks berita melalui strategi Think Talk Write (TTW) dengan menggunakan foto peristiwa pada peserta didik Kelas XI OTKP SMK Negeri 1 Muara Bungo. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemampuan peserta didik Kelas XI OTKP SMK Negeri 1 Muara Bungo dalam menulis teks berita melalui strategi TTW dengan menggunakan foto peristiwa. Subjek penelitian ini 30 peserta didik. Objek penelitiannya adalah proses pembelajaran menulis teks berita melalui strategi TTW dengan menggunakan foto peristiwa.

Prosedur penelitian tindakan kelas ini berbentuk siklus, siklus I terdiri atas dua kali pertemuan (3 jam pelajaran), sedangkan siklus II terdiri atas satu kali pertemuan (2 jam pelajaran). Tiap siklus terdapat empat langkah utama yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes dan nontes. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik kualitatif dan kuantitatif.

Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan menulis teks berita pada peserta didik Kelas XI OTKP SMK Negeri 1 Muara Bungo dapat ditingkatkan melalui strategi TTW dengan menggunakan foto peristiwa, penerapan strategi TTW dengan menggunakan foto peristiwa dapat meningkatkan pengembangan unsur 5W+1H menjadi teks berita yang menarik. Berdasarkan hasil tulisan peserta didik, kemampuan menulis teks berita meningkat dari siklus I sampai siklus II. Pada pra-siklus, 20% peserta didik tuntas dengan nilai rata-rata kelas 59,17. Pada siklus I, nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 6,43 dan ketuntasan peserta didik 63%. Pada siklus II, nilai rata-rata kelas meningkat menjadi 81,9 dan ketuntasan peserta didik 93%.
Hegemonía, ecología y problemática ambiental
Authors: Di Pasquo Federico , Del Castillo Dañiela , Busan Tomas , Rodríguez Esteban , Klier Gabriela
Published: March 2021

Sostenemos que en el contexto internacional de la problemática ambiental se presenta una concepción hegemónica de naturaleza, dada por la noción de ecosistema. En primer lugar, mostramos el modo en que esta concepción ecológica de naturaleza satura el contexto de la crisis ambiental, deviniendo en un medio obligado para los diferentes actores involucrados. En segundo lugar, destacamos tres características que le son asignadas a esta unidad de estudio ecológica y que explican, parcialmente, su carácter hegemónico: el ecosistema es considerado como una unidad sin dimensión espacio-temporal definida; el ecosistema es considerado como una unidad que permite incorporar a la especie humana y el ecosistema es considerado como una unidad que es anterior a la experiencia de sus investigadores e investigadoras. Finalmente, sugerimos tres consecuencias no deseadas de esta concepción hegemónica para las problemáticas ambientales.
“Criar capacidades” para a sensibilidade e a humanização em meio à pandemia de covid-19: reflexões a partir de Nussbaum e Agamben
Authors: Carlesso Marcelino Patricia , Favero Altair Alberto
Published: March 2021

O artigo tem como escopo refletir sobre a necessidade de “criar capacidades” para a sensibilidade e a humanização como antídoto para enfrentar a pandemia da Covid-19. Num cenário marcado por sentimentos de medo, desamparo, angústia, fragilidade, ignorância, cegueira moral e insensibilidade diante da morte, torna-se urgente e imprescindível criar espaços para experiências formativas que possibilitem solidariedade, acolhimento, empatia, vida compartilhada, sentimento de pertencimento, justiça social e cidadania. O ensaio constitui-se num estudo qualitativo, caracterizado como bibliográfico e ancorado no método dedutivo-analítico, tendo como base as contribuições de Martha Nussbaum e Giorgio Agamben; propõe a ideia de“criar capacidades” como uma tarefa intransferível da educação para cultivar a sensibilidade humana diante de um cenário avassalador proporcionado pela pandemia.
التعليم عن بعد في المغرب واستراتيجية وزارة التربية الوطنية
Authors:   جامعة محمد الأول، المملكة المغربية, ريوش الحسين
Published: March 2021

أصبح التعليم عن بعد ضرورة ملحة للتخفيف من التحديات والإكراهات المالية المتزايدة بهدف تحقيق تنمية متوازنة في المجتمع. لكن نجاح التعليم عن بعد رهين بتكوين هيئة تربوية وإدارية فعالة وبتوفير الإمكانيات اللوجستيكية الضرورية لذلك. لقد أماطت تجربة التعليم عن بعد في المغرب، في ظل جائحة كورونا، اللثام عن العيوب الكثيرة التي تعتري المنظومة التربوية المغربية. كما كشفت هذه التجربة عن الدور الفعال للمدرسة العمومية المغربية بقيادة أطرها التربوية والإدارية. ويبقى الرهان الأكبر هو إيجاد بيداغوجيات جديدة في التعليم عن بعد يمكنها من إكساب المتعلمين خبرات ومؤهلات ومهارات تؤهلهم لولوج سوق الشغل بنجاح. ورغم أن الوثائق التربوية والبرامج الإصلاحية نصت على التعليم عن بعد منذ فترة ليست بالقصيرة. فإن الإكراهات البشرية والمالية واللوجستيكية أخرت انطلاقته إلى أن وجد المغرب نفسه ملزما بذلك بداية من مارس 2020 ـ فعل جائحة كورونا ـ لإنقاذ الموسم الدراسي. ولذلك فإن جائحة كوفيد 19 عجلت بتدشين هذا المشروع الثقيل. وإذا كان التعليم عن بعد يوفر فرصا بديلة للمتعلمين تمكن من تجويد قدراتهم التعلمية بصورة أفضل من عملية التعليم التقليدية. فإن هذا لا ينفي عنه الكثير من العيوب والسلبيات التي تلزم وزارة التربية الوطنية أخذها بعين الاعتبار لإنجاح استراتيجيتها. إن نجاح التعليم عن بعد في المغرب، وفي غيره من دول العالم الثالث، رهين بتكوين هيئة تربوية وإدارية فعالة وقادرة على تمرير القدرات والكفايات التي يراهن عليها البرنامج بكل مرونة انطلاقا من مكان الإلقاء.
Welcome to the inaugural Issue of Pakistan BioMedical Journal
Authors: Mehboob Riffat
Published: March 2021

Firstly, I would like to welcome all the readers, authors, editorial team and management of PakistanBiomedical Journal (PBMJ) to this new journal in Biomedical Sciences. It is an international peerreviewed, open-access journal that merges the basic and clinical research for the better outcome in terms of diagnosis and therapeutics. This approach will update and upgrade the existing knowledge among the researchers and clinicians, regarding the patient care and practice as well as understanding of underlying mechanisms of diseases. The ultimate beneficiary is patient and community as a whole. PBMJ is led by an outstanding Editorial Board comprising of national and international members with multidisciplinary research background. Our goal is to promote the basic and clinical research, health and disease perspectives. We receive original studies, review articles, case reports, systemetic reviews on medical, biomedical, basic and therapeutic research. We welcome scientific contributions from all over the world.It is the need and demand of the recent world scenario to focus on biomedical research. In thecurrent world, basic and medical science cannot be considered as two separate and independent entities.There should be coherent efforts to unveil the basic understandings of pathologies at physiological,cellular and molecular level. Furthermore, the therapeutic strategies should also be explored on regional and global levels, by keeping in mind the different genetic makeups and considering the individual identities. It leads to the field of ‘personalized medicine’. There are many other recent therapeutic regimens such as regenerative medicine, exosomes, gene silencing and gene editing technologies.The world has also advanced in diagnostic modalities. Much focus has been emphasized onrapidness, accuracy and cost-effectiveness of these techniques. Imaging, scanning, histopathological,biochemical and hematological techniques have been much advanced than before. World has beenchanging rapidly in medical profession. Hence, it is important to be aware of these advancementsworldwide and also to share the health related researches at local level. We hope this new journal will be a good addition in this perspective of sharing the recent knowledge, advancements and create awareness among masses.
Human Papilloma Virus Related Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma-an updated review
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet
Published: March 2021

Human papilloma virus (HPV) related head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) has varying etiology, genetic as well as environmental factors involved and differential clinicicopathological features. HNSCC came in the limelight recently due to increased incidence rate and insucient diagnostic methods. This review will comprehensively focus on the characteristics of HPV associated HNSCC. It will provide an updated review of our understanding of HPV role in Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) known to date. Curruntly, three vaccines are available (Gardasil, Gardasil 9 and Cervarix). These vaccines prevent infections with HPV types 16 and 18 HPV-16 is most common type associated with HNSCC. HPV related HNSCC has better prognosis, does not mutate but inactivatestumor suppressor genes and therefore has comparatively better treatment options. However, there is still a need to improve our methods of sampling, HPV molecular assay and type of specimen to be used.
Immunological memory as the fundamentals of vaccines
Authors: Haider Fatima , Sultan Amir , Khan Hassan Ahmed
Published: March 2021

The immune system also called as the defense system involves many different cells that workas soldiers in an individual. These immune cells provide protection against various pathogens.For better protection of an individual the immune systems has the ability to memorize orremember the pathogen. This ability is known as immunological memory. With the help ofimmunological memory the immune memory cells remember the antigen and are prepared ifthere is an encounter with the antigen in future. The immunological memory can be developedagainst certain strains with the help of different types of vaccines. Such types of vaccinesthat are currently being used to save lives are, Live attenuated vaccines, Toxoid vaccines,Subunit vaccines, Glyco-conjugated vaccines, and Killed/Inactivated vaccines. These vaccineshow different efficiency. Hence, the immunological memory generated after a singlevaccination may wear off with time. Multiple numbers of shots are required for thedevelopment of long term memory. All these types of vaccines vary from each other in theirmanufacturing and also in their mechanism of providing long term immunological memory.They show many pros and cons but their advantages are greater than their disadvantages.Thus, are preferred to be used for the betterment of mankind.
Novel Bioactive Compound Production by Microbial Biota: Potential Antimicrobials
Authors: Hayee Sara
Published: March 2021

Man is always trying to make his life easier and accomplished. He has faced mass destruction in historydue to epidemics like small pox, malaria and plague. In order to combat diseases, exploration of man ledhim to search for causative agents and their control. A time reached when it was found that microbes arethemselves a source of potent metabolites which have proved to be effective as drugs and medicinesshowing great antibiotic activity. It is necessary to find out new sources for potential new antimicrobialcompounds. Several hundred important compounds have been isolated which have antibiotic activitiesand diverse chemical nature. But these compounds should have minimum toxicity to be useful clinically.Because of the increasing resistance of pathogens, there was a never ending desire and need to searchfor more. Bioactive Compounds have been extracted from microbes which are produced as secondarymetabolites. Day by day, new compounds are being discovered giving a hope of golden future of drugindustry. The current article emphasizes the importance and need to search for new bioactive compoundsto overcome infections caused by multiple drug resistant (MDR) and biofilm forming pathogensirrespective of the previously present knowledge.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT SEAWATER AUTOMATIC ON-LINE MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON BIG DATA
Authors: LI L. Y. , YANG J. , LEI Y. , XIONG K. H. , CHEN W. H. , LIN K. F. , CHEN Y. T. , YU Y. Y. , CHEN T. T. , LI X. C. , YAN S.
Published: March 2021

Based on large data analysis method and automatic detection technology, this paper designs a test system, which can realize intelligent online monitoring of seawater. Based on the theory of large data, the data preprocessing method of large data is applied by relying on the information transmitted by integrated sensors. Using data cleaning, data integration, data conversion and data reduction technology, a large number of data collected by marine monitoring devices are processed accurately. An automatic seawater monitoring system is designed on a software platform. Finally, combined with the experimental data of a certain sea area, the test results are analyzed, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed seawater online monitoring system. It has achieved the effect of seawater environmental analysis and early warning.
ENTERPRISE CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT BASED ON BIG DATA MINING
Authors: LI X. T. , FENG F.
Published: March 2021

Based on the customer relationship management in the context of big data, focusing on B2C e-commerce companies, this paper constructs a customer classification index system, uses a factor analysis and Bagging model to study the sales data of an e-commerce business, and demonstrates the specific operation of customer relationship management under the background of big data. This paper finds that through the classification of past consumer behavior data, managers can distinguish between potential, core, and lost customers. The bagging model can predict the type of customer and guide the administrator to perform differentiated customer relationship management.
THE PREDICTIVE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND NUMERICAL EXAMPLE STUDY FOR THE PRINCIPAL COMPONENT TWO-PARAMETERS ESTIMATOR
Authors: LI R. , LI F. , HUANG J. W.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, detailed comparisons are given between those estimators that can be derived from the principal component two-parameter estimator such as the ordinary least squares estimator, the principal components regression estimator, the ridge regression estimator, the Liu estimator, the r-k estimator and the r-d estimator by the prediction mean square error criterion. In addition, conditions for the superiority of the principal component two-parameter estimator over the others are obtained. Furthermore, a numerical example study is conducted to compare these estimators under the prediction mean squared error criterion.
MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING ALGORITHM AND COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DIRECT DRIVE DOUBLY FED INDUCTION GENERATOR
Authors: LAN Y. , DAI S. T. , TAO M. , YAN X. F.
Published: March 2021

On the basis of the preliminary understanding and analysis of the dynamic performance of the permanent magnet doubly fed wind generator, a mathematical model is established by the method of mechanism modeling. The simulation model of the whole wind turbine is built under the Simulink running environment, and the system is designed by computer aided method. In this paper, the maximum power tracking algorithm is mainly studied. Based on the basic method of maximum wind energy capture, two simulation models of the maximum power tracking algorithm are built, including the tip speed ratio method and the power signal feedback method. Finally, the correctness of the wind turbine model is verified by the analysis of the simulation results. Under the condition of lower wind speed, two kinds of wind energy capture methods are compared and simulated, which can better reflect the performance of the maximum power tracking control algorithm.
SCENARIO ANALYSIS OF LOW CARBON ENTERPRISES IN SICHUAN PROVINCE BASED ON NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING HIERARCHICAL DYNAMIC MODEL
Authors: LUO K. K. , ZHANG L. M.
Published: March 2021

Low carbon economy has gradually become a hot topic in all walks of life. In order to analyze the development trend of low-carbon enterprises in Sichuan Province, this paper first uses the principle of system dynamics, combined with economics and mathematical statistics. And all of that has been realized according to the method of cognitive calculation, comprehensive analysis and processing of data, adopting a large-scale sampling survey, screening samples, and using natural language processing model. It deals with an analysis of the results to meet the development needs of low carbon enterprises in Sichuan province. Aiming to analyze the development capability of low carbon enterprises in Sichuan Province, the computer simulation model of Vensim PLE, a special simulation software for system dynamics, was established. In order to analyze the development trend of Sichuan low-carbon enterprises more effectively, this paper also uses the AHP method of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to evaluate the development ability of Sichuan low-carbon enterprises. By comparing the simulation results, the good application prospect of system dynamics in scenario analysis of low carbon enterprises is verified.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF CONTAINER MAINTENANCE OF THE OPTIMAL LOGISTICS NODEXES OF THE BELT AND ROAD RAILWAY SYSTEM BASED ON THE FP_GROWTH ALGORITHM
Authors: YIN H. Y.
Published: March 2021

Concerning the limit of logistics node expansion in the current the Belt and Road Railway System to macroscopic and qualitative description, this paper analyzes the problem of the optimal logistics node selection of The Belt and Road Railway System. This paper puts forward the Belt and Road Railway System logistics node center site Container Maintenance model based on the principal component and the FP_growth network, analyzes the optimal railway system logistics node center location, and adopts expansion of the practical the Belt and Road Railway System as an example to conduct simulation analysis of the model algorithm. Results suggest that the model algorithm put forward in this paper can efficiently confirm the optimal railway system logistics node center location, match logistics nodes for practical demands in accordance with the hierarchical structure of logistics nodes and find the optimal logistics center, distribution center and freight transfer center. This paper summarizes researches about expansion of logistics nodes of The Belt and Road Railway System, and successfully analyzes the expansion of the optimal logistics nodes of The Belt and Road Railway System through the hierarchical structure of the practical logistics nodes of The Belt and Road Railway System and combining cluster results of the FP growth network and the comprehensive rating obtained through the principal component. The simulation analysis results of this paper can efficiently find out the optimal railway system logistics node center location, and provide a new analysis perspective for the academic study on the center Container Maintenance for the expansion of relevant logistics nodes of The Belt and Road Railway System.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTIMEDIA FILE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF BIG DATA BASED ON COLLABORATIVE RECOMMENDATION ALGORITH
Authors: YAO F. G.
Published: March 2021

With the rapid expansion of the market scope of e-commerce, people's choice of shopping channels is not limited to physical stores, and purchases through e-commerce platforms, but the differences in user group behaviors make the content pushed by e-commerce platforms not suitable for every user. In order to further improve the efficiency and practicability of Internet users using e-commerce platform and save users' search time for content of interest, this paper designs a personalized recommendation system belonging to users and conducts empirical research. The empirical results show that the collaborative recommendation algorithm is used for data hypothesis and model calculation simulation test. This paper designs the multimedia file management system to meet the user's needs.
APPLICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING IN INTELLIGENT KNOWLEDGE SEARCH ALGORITHM
Authors: LI H. M. , ZHANG Q. P. , ZHENG Z. L.
Published: March 2021

With the rapid development of Internet technology, the scale of knowledge and data production continues to expand. Such huge data has brought convenience to our lives and has brought challenges to our research. In order to obtain Internet data quickly and accurately, this paper uses machine learning algorithms to build a multidimensional knowledge search model. The model adds a real-time learning mechanism to acquire various knowledge, so that the system has intelligent features such as self-learning and selfadaptation. Through the comparative analysis of traditional knowledge search algorithms, the results show that the intelligent knowledge search algorithm based on machine learning has obvious advantages in efficiency and accuracy, which greatly shortens the search time of users.
EFFECT OF EMULSION STABILITY AND SPRAY DRYING CONDITIONS ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENCAPSULATED POWDERS
Authors: SALIMI A. , MAGHSOUDLOU Y. , JAFARI S. M.
Published: March 2021

In this investigation, four biopolymers were mixed with Maltodextrin (MDX) and used as emulsion stabilizers and wall materials to encapsulate lycopene natural pigment. These biopolymers were whey protein concentrate (WPC), soy protein concentrate (SPC), Gelatin (GEL) and Arabic Gum (AG). Some parameters such as droplet size, viscosity and creaming index of emulsions were investigated and then, to produce lycopene microcapsules, emulsions were transferred to spray dryer to be dried. Inlet air temperature (150 and 200 °C) and pressure of nozzle (1 and 2 bar) were considered as drying variables. Results showed that WPC emulsions had the smallest droplet size and lowest viscosity among other samples. The highest Encapsulation Efficiency (EE) belonged to WPC emulsions which were dried at 150 °C and 2 bar, also these samples had the highest bulk density. Results showed that samples which were atomized by using 2bar pressure at nozzle during spray drying, needed a significant longer time to be rehydrated (P<0.05).
REMOVAL OF THE REACTIVE REMAZOL BLACK B AND REMAZOL RED FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY ADSORPTION ONTO TREATED RESIDUE FROM THE ALUMINUM INDUSTRY
Authors: SILVA T. C. , FRAGA T. J.M. , CARVALHO M. , SILVA V. L. , DA MOTTA M. A.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the use of a clay residue as an adsorbent of the Remazol Black B (RB) and Remazol Red RB133 (RR) is studied. The residue is generated in a large amount on the Alluminum industry, especially the Arconic Alumínio S/A, Itapissuma, Pernambuco State. The thermally treated residue behavior was studied by performing a kinetic and equilibrium experiments. The variables evaluated in all experiments were the adsorption capacity (q) and adsorption efficiency (%). Adsorption experiments were performed at environmental conditions, with 50 mL of dye solution, with controlled steering speed, solution pH and adsorbent amount. In the kinetic studies was verified that for RB and RR, the system achieves the equilibrium state after 5 min. In the equilibrium, both reactive dyes obtained their maximum adsorption capacity (qm) with 1.0g of adsorbent and pH 4.0 and 6.5; with qm 0.98 mg·g-1 and 6.88 mg·g-1 for the RB and RR, respectively.
ESTIMATION OF TEA LEAVES MASS TRANSFER PARAMETERS UNDERGOING MICROWAVE HEAT TREATMENT
Authors: DEMIRHAN E. , SERT G. , HARMANLI S. H. , ÖZBEK B.
Published: March 2021

In the present study, tea leaves (Camellia sinensis) were dried in the domestic microwave oven in order to determine the effect of microwave output power and sample amount on moisture ratio, drying time and effective moisture diffusivity. Five different microwave output power (180-900 W) and five different sample amount (20-100 g) values were used in the drying experiments. The drying data were fitted to some empirical and semi empirical models in order to determine the kinetic parameters. Among of the models proposed, the Page model gave a better fit for all drying conditions applied. The effective moisture diffusivity values were calculated by using the method of slopes at various microwave output powers and sample amounts. Moreover, the activation energy was calculated using an exponential expression based on Arrhenius equation.
CONVERGENCE TUNING OF SOLAR POWER FOR ENHANCED ENERGY HARVESTING
Authors: LAHA S. K. , SADHU P. K. , GANGULY A. , NASKAR A. K.
Published: March 2021

There is a crucial need for sustainable progress in the field of energy saving in rational time. This paper shows the effect of solar energy in photovoltaic with a Fresnel convex Lens. With the use of this Lens it has been studied that there is unbelievable improvement in various parameters of photovoltaic nature. With the use of the Fresnel lens the concentration of the system has been enhanced in commendable time. In order to diminish the losses from reflection, proper photon management has been implemented. This paper describes an approach in scheming of concentrator module. Small size sub-module ,each of which 2×2 cm2 aperture and 15cm focusing distance are united in a fully hermetic module which is resistance to the environmental effects. Fresnel’s Lens has a composite construction and comprise of a silicate glass and a thin refractive profile made of transparent silicon. These advances concern the two main mechanisms of the system, the optics and the cell, as well as their mixing inside a complete module. The projected system can help in reducing the dependency by fossils fuel in the environment.
Чей феминизм? Феминистские движения в России и «западная» культурная гегемония
Authors: Соловей Ваня
Published: March 2021

Всем известно, что феминизм – это «западное» изобретение, а если в России и есть феминизм, то это просто калька с «Запада». Такие представления встречаются на каждом шагу в господствующих дискурсах, а иногда и внутри российских феминистских сообществ. Действительно ли российские феминизмы обречены вечно «догонять» «западные»? В этом эссе речь идет о культурной гегемонии «Запада» в отношении феминизма и о разных способах критически взаимодействовать с ней, о том, почему феминистская «матчасть» опирается на «западные» теории и на что еще она может опираться.
Utopic Dreaming on the Borderlands: An Anzaldúan Reading of Yuri Herrera's Signs Preceding the End of the World
Authors: Barrera Cordelia E.
Published: March 2021

The work of Gloria Anzaldúa has not typically been read in concert with utopian studies. Much of her writing, however, offers a rich resource for utopian critique. This is a significant omission given that much of Latin@ speculative fiction has been deemed inherently utopic. Latin@futurism is a field of inquiry by which to focus on the utopian as a broader category of visionary, speculative forms. Anzaldúa draws on techniques of defamiliarization to usher a change of consciousness in the reader, exemplified by her theories of conocimiento, el cenote, and nepantla. This article discusses Anzaldúa's theory of el cenote as a powerful heterotopic space of renewal and transformation in Yuri Herrera's novel Signs Preceding the End of the World. Anzaldúa's theories of conocimiento and nepantla flesh out culminating aspects of borderlands dreaming in the novel that connect to a discourse of apocalypse and its relationship to historical renewal and social justice.
A Critical Survey of Chilean Utopian Narrative (1829–1934)
Authors: Saldías Gabriel A. , Navarrete Carolina A.
Published: March 2021

This article aims to propose a critical and exploratory survey of utopian narratives published in Chile from 1829 to 1934 employing a qualitative and diachronic approach. The fundamental objective of this study is to make evident the thematic tendencies, formal recurrences, influences, and key differences in utopian works of fiction written over a century of Chilean history, connecting these with the overall development of Chilean society, in such a way as to express how the utopian narratives of this period reflect, critique, or rebel against the hegemonic social projects present in the country. Last, this article also seeks to approach these works from the distinctive point of view of the field of utopian studies, thus establishing the relevance of its theoretical framework in the analysis of Chilean fiction.
Finite Difference Solution to a Nonlinear Time-Fractional Logistic Model
Authors: Yang Yuanyuan , Li Gongsheng
Published: March 2021

We set forth a time-fractional logistic model and give an implicit finite difference scheme for solving of the model. The L^2 stability and convergence of the scheme are proved with the aids of discrete Gronwall inequality, and numerical examples are presented to support the theoretical analysis.
Hot Incremental Forming of Biocomposites Developed from Linen Fibres and a Thermoplastic Matrix
Authors: Torres Sandino , Ortega Roberto , Acosta Pablo , Calderón Edisson
Published: March 2021

The use of biodegradable materials has a growing field of application due to environmental concerns, however, scientific research on incremental forming using biomaterials is scarce. Thus, this study focuses on the single point incremental forming (SPIF) process applied to a composite sheet that combines a biodegradable thermoplastic matrix (Solanyl) reinforced with natural fibres (flax). The influence of the process parameters on the final geometry is determined, evaluating the effect of the following factors: step depth, wall angle and temperature reached during the process. Additionally, a heated aqueous medium is incorporated which facilitates the formability of the composite sheets. This method is especially useful for materials that have poor formability at room temperature. The benefits of using controlled heat include the reduction of formation forces applied to the plate, improved accuracy due to the reduction of elastic recovery, and the manipulation of the samples remarkably close to the glass transition temperatures. Through this experimental study with the variables analysed, a maximum shaping depth of 310 mm is obtained. These results confirm that the single point shaping used with bioplastic materials is possible and has positive outcomes for incremental forming.
Reduction of Stresses and Mass of an Engine Rubber Mount Subject to Mechanical Vibrations
Authors: Dávalos Omar , Caldiño-Herrera Uzziel , Cornejo-Monroy Delfino , Tenango-Pirin Oscar , Garcia Juan Carlos , Basurto-Pensado M. A.
Published: March 2021

A rubber engine mount (EM) is a mechanical coupling between the engine and the chassis, and its main function is to diminish, in the chassis, the amplitude of vibrations caused for the engine operation. Such vibrations cause discomfort for vehicle passengers and reduce the EM lifetime. To increase the comfort of vehicle passengers and the lifetime of the EM, this paper presents an EM optimization by means of reducing three main criteria: the EM mass, the displacements transmitted to the chassis, and the mechanical stress in the EM rubber core. For carrying out the EM optimization, the optimum global determination by linking and interchanging kindred evaluators (GODLIKE), assisted by artificial neural networks (ANN) and finite element method (FEM), was used. Because of the optimization process, a reduction greater than 10 % was achieved in the three criteria in comparison with a baseline design. The frequency responses were compared and showed that although the optimization was carried out for the range of 5 Hz to 30 Hz the trend of reduced responses continues beyond this range. These results increased the comfort of vehicle passengers and the lifetime of the EM; in addition, the reduction of mass diminishes its production costs.
Lost in modelling and simulation?
Authors: Sugano Kiyohiko
Published: March 2021

Over the past few decades, physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling (PBPK) has been anticipated to be a powerful tool to improve the productivity of drug discovery and development. However, recently, multiple systematic evaluation studies independently suggested that the predictive power of current oral absorption (OA) PBPK models needs significant improvement. There is some disagreement between the industry and regulators about the credibility of OA PBPK modelling. Recently, the editorial board of AMDET&DMPK has announced the policy for the articles related to PBPK modelling (Modelling and simulation ethics). In this feature article, the background of this policy is explained: (1) Requirements for scientific writing of PBPK modelling, (2) Scientific literacy for PBPK modelling, and (3) Middle-out approaches. PBPK models are a useful tool if used correctly. This article will hopefully help advance the science of OA PBPK models.
Assessment of heat stress in a hot environment using the WBGTeff index according to the standard PN-EN ISO 7243:2018-01
Authors: Młynarczyk Magdalena , kONARSKA Maria
Published: March 2021

The assessment of maximum allowable heat load of a body in a hot environment is determined using the WBGT index. The name of the WBGT index is derived from the measurement of two parameters: natural wet-bulb temperature and black globe temperature. WBGT as an indicator used to assess the heat load (until 2017) was related to the metabolic heat production and placed in the form of tables in the Polish edition of Standard No.PN-EN 27243:2005 (and PN-EN 27243:2005P). In 2017, this standard was replaced by Standard No. EN ISO 7243:2017, and in January 2018, the Polish translation of Standard No. PN-EN ISO 7243:2018-01 was approved. This article describes the methodology of conducting WBGT research according to Standard No. PN-EN ISO 7243:2018-01. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.