bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yeni Medyada Suç Haberleri ve Gündelik Hayatta Dolaylı Mağduriyet
Authors: USTA BAKİ Bahar , BOYACIOĞLU Aslıhan
Published: May 2023

İletişim teknolojilerinin yüksek hız kazandığı Toplum 4.0’dan, Toplum 5.0’a doğru gidilen süreçte geleneksel olandan farklı bir biçimde yeni medya; suç, suçluluk ve suç mağdurları bağlamında farklı bir niteliğe bürünmüştür. Suç ve şiddet olaylarını yoğun bir şekilde kullanan yeni medyanın; suçun yaygınlaştırılmasında, erişiminde/kolaylaştırılmasında ve yeniden üretimindeki etkisi göz ardı edilemez boyutlardadır. Yeni medya aracılığıyla suça ilişkin içeriklerin bireyin gündelik hayatını her zaman olduğundan daha fazla etkilemesi, sıradanlaştırılmasını ya da kanıksanmasını beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu durumun olağan sonucu, farklı bağlamlarda ya da türlerde yeni mağduriyetlerin ortaya çıkması olarak nitelendirilebilir. Suç içeriklerinin yeniden üretimi ve dolaşımı sürecinde birey, doğrudan suça maruz kalmasa bile suça maruz kalacağı korkusu ile dolaylı olarak mağdur deneyimi yaşamaktadır. Buradan hareketle çalışmanın konusu gündelik hayatta medya etkisiyle ortaya çıkan dolaylı mağduriyetlerdir. İlk aşamada, medyada dolaşıma giren suç içeriklerinin suç korkusu yaratarak gündelik hayata nüfuz etme süreci tartışılmaktadır. Medya ve suç korkusu ilişkisi sağ gerçekçi yaklaşım çerçevesinden ele alınmaktadır. Suç ve şiddet içerikli haberlerin yarattığı etki, sembolik etkileşimci perspektifin ahlaki panik teorisiyle değerlendirilmektedir. İkinci aşama ise, söz konusu haberlerin analizidir. Suç ve şiddet içerikli haberlere nitel araştırma tekniği olan içerik analizi uygulanmıştır. Haberlerin seçiminde ise olasılıklı olmayan örneklem türlerinden biri olan amaçlı örneklem kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, medya haberlerinde yer alan suç ve şiddete dair bilginin gündelik hayata nüfuz ettiği, fail/mağdur profilini genelleştirerek dolaylı bir deneyime yol açtığı sonucuna ulaşıldığı söylenebilmektedir. Buradan hareketle mağduriyet olgusunun anlam ve kapsamının tartışılması ve yeniden değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmektedir.
Explosive Yield Estimation Using Regional Seismic Moment Tensors
Authors: Ford Sean R. , Pasyanos Michael E. , Chiang Andrea
Published: May 2023

We use the Pasyanos and Chiang (2022) data set to calculate the seismic moment M0 for each explosion and use the measured explosive yield W to validate the W∼M0 relationship in Denny and Johnson (1991; hereafter, DJ91). The M0 is corrected by transforming to a potency tensor and applying more appropriate near-source geophysical parameter values in the moment estimate. The mean residual between observed and predicted yield is near zero; however, the standard deviation of the residuals results in an F-value (a 95% confidence factor) of about 5. We re-estimate the coefficients in the DJ91 model and find similar values and only a slight improvement in the F-value. Next, we embark on a similar model selection process as DJ91, allowing for non-cube-root yield scaling and other plausible near-source elastic moduli. As was found by DJ91, the yield dependence is not significantly different from unity, and a cube root assumption is valid. Therefore, we yield scale the seismic moment and test the significance of all plausible explanatory variables. Isotropic moment performs better in the response variable than total moment. The preference for isotropic moment could be due to its relationship to volume change, which would be more directly affected by explosive yield. Surprisingly, we find that the overburden pressure, which is a function of depth, is not a significant parameter in the model. We hypothesize that this is due to the competing depth effects on source asymmetry and the incorporation of depth in the Green’s functions used to calculate the seismic moment tensors. Importantly, this emphasizes that only seismic moment tensor-derived moments should be used in these models. After removing insignificant model parameters, we are left with a simple model to predict explosive yield W^ in kt from isotropic moment MI in N·m, W^=κ−1.4132 100.035626GPMI, in which κ and GP are the near-source bulk modulus and gas porosity in Pa and %, respectively. The F-value for this model is approximately 3.
Correlation between NARX Score and Food Addictive Behavioral Patterns in Chronic Pain Patients
Authors: Margolin Leon
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research study is to show a relationship between food addiction patterns to different types of food in chronic pain patients and the effectiveness of NARX score (overdose risk score) in predicting high risk factors in such patients. We implemented a cross sectional study design and used an eight-question survey that addressed addictive behavior and food choice relative to chocolate, cheese, meat and other foods. For the 110 respondents, the average NARX score was 383.5 and the median was 380; the high was 740 and the low was 80. The results of the 818 answers received (some of the respondents did not answer all eight questions) showed a strong correlation between food addictive behavioral patterns in chronic pain patients and high risk factors in chronic pain patients as manifested and measured by the NARX score. The three foods that were reported most frequently were chocolate, cheese and meat (this result correlates with previous research findings). Interestingly, meat was associated with the highest NARX score (the highest risk) chronic pain patients. Other foods reported with high frequency were coffee, sodas and sweets, underscoring the role of sugar in chronic pain syndromes. The objective of this study is to show possible role of dietary factors and food addiction in the development of addictive behaviors and possibly in the development of the opioid epidemic.We advocate further clinical studies.
IN THE AFTERMATH OF A FORGOTTEN POTTERY TRADITION: THE QUARTER OF ÇÖMLEKÇİ IN TRABZON
Authors: TAKAOĞLU Turan
Published: May 2023

The study of Ottoman pottery centres has lately become a growing field of interest within Ottoman archaeology. Two types of pottery centers could be identified for the Ottoman era, one producing for intra- and interregional markets and the other only for intra-regional trade and consumption. The Çömlekçi Quarter in Trabzon is one of the most common examples of the latter. However, our archaeological information on the potters’ workshops at Çömlekçi is completely lacking. This work examines the aspects of pottery production that once flourished in the Quarter of Çömlekçi in the light of Ottoman written sources and the narratives of Western travellers who visited the city during the 19th century. Available historiographical records help us to shed light on several aspects of pottery making at the Çömlekçi workshops, including the scale of production, the types of pots, how the pots were used, the architectural features of a potter’s workshop, the identity of potters, and the distribution of finished products.
YOK OLMAYA YÜZ TUTMUŞ DOĞU KARADENİZ ÇÖMLEKÇİLİĞİNE GÜNÜMÜZDEN BİR ÖRNEK: ÜNYE
Authors: BEDER Samet
Published: May 2023

Yirminci yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren Anadolu çömlekçilik üretimi kap kacak kullanımına yönelik plastik ve benzeri seri üretim malzemelerin yaygınlaşması sebebiyle büyük bir gerilemeye girmiştir. Bu gerileme sonucunda Avanos gibi geleneksel formları terk edip modern yeni formlar ve süslemeler üreten gelişim gösteren merkezler üretimi günümüze dek arttırırken Ünye gibi geleneksel üretime bağlı kalan merkezler icra ettikleri çömlekçilik mesleğinin kaçınılmaz son olan yok olma yoluna girmesiyle karşı karşıya kalmışlardır. Yok olmaya yüz tutan geleneksel Ünye çömlekçiliğinde kullanılan ve yalnızca Ünye’de bulunan açık sarı renkli bu toprak diğer bölgeler ile kıyaslandığında karşımıza çıkan ilk farklılıktır. Bununla birlikte fırınlama aşamasında da yine farklı bölgelerdeki benzer çömlekçilik faaliyetleri incelendiğinde diğerlerinden ayrışan sıra dışı fırınlama yöntemi de yalnızca Ünye Çömlekçiliğine özgüdür. Bu çalışmada görüşmeler yaptığımız ve atölyesini incelediğimiz Ünyeli Çömlek ustası Salih Karayiğit de yok olmaya yüz tutmuş bu faaliyetin son ustalarından biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Geleneksel Ünye çömlekçiliğinin Anadolu’daki çömlek faaliyetlerden farkları, benzerlikleri Salih Karayiğit’in kendisinden ve bölgede bu işi yapan eski ustalardan aldığımız bilgiler ışığında değerlendirerek sorunları incelenmiştir.
Pulmonary rehabilitation care: Current perspective
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Kant Surya
Published: May 2023

Pulmonary rehabilitation is a program that helps individuals with chronic respiratory diseases improve their physical function, quality of life, and overall well-being. The program typically involves a combination of exercise, education, and support to help patients manage their symptoms and improve their respiratory health.

Exercise is a crucial component of pulmonary rehabilitation and can help improve cardiovascular health, increase lung function, and reduce shortness of breath. Aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and flexibility exercise are all important types of exercise used in pulmonary rehabilitation, with patients gradually increasing the intensity and duration of their workouts over time.

Breathing techniques are another essential component of pulmonary rehabilitation and can help patients manage their symptoms and improve their overall respiratory function. Techniques such as diaphragmatic breathing, pursed-lip breathing, and controlled coughing can help improve oxygenation, reduce shortness of breath, and improve overall respiratory function.

In addition to exercise and breathing techniques, pulmonary rehabilitation programs may also include education and support to help patients better manage their condition. This may include education on medication management, nutrition, stress management, and other topics relevant to respiratory health.

Overall, pulmonary rehabilitation is a comprehensive program that can help individuals with chronic respiratory diseases improve their physical function, reduce symptoms, and improve their overall quality of life. By incorporating exercise, breathing techniques, education, and support, pulmonary rehabilitation can help patients better manage their condition and achieve optimal respiratory health.
Cryptogenic organising pneumonia- Atypical presentation
Authors: Babu Vemuri Mahesh , Upadhya Pratap , C Sivaselvi , Vijayarengan Naren Chandra , Toi Pampa  CH
Published: May 2023

Organizing pneumonia is an interstitial lung disease that affects the distal bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole, alveolar ducts, and walls. To diagnose cryptogenic organising pneumonia, other aetiologies, such as inflammatory infections, connective tissue disease, drug responses, pulmonary infarction, and organ transplantation need to be ruled out. Radiological and histological progress in this disease will help to understand the disease in a better way. Early diagnosis of organizing pneumonia is important because of a good prognosis if it is treated earlier. But atypical clinical and radiological presentation will lead to difficulty in diagnosis and delay in treatment. Here we report two atypical presentations of organizing pneumonia cases to highlight the importance of upfront aggressive multimodality diagnostic approaches to rule out rare causes of cavitating lesions.
Clinical & etiological profile of new onset unprovoked seizure in children aged 2 months to 18 years
Authors: Jain Bhupesh , Sankhala Ravikant
Published: May 2023

Seizure is defined as abnormal paroxysmal neuronal discharge, which is clinically manifested by motor, sensory, autonomic or behavioral disturbances. Seizures are common in pediatrics age group and occur in 10% of children. Less than 1/3of seizures in children are caused by epilepsy. The objective of the study was to determine the clinical and etiological profile of new onset unprovoked seizure in children aged between 2 month to 18 years.

A hospital based prospective single centre study at RNT Medical College, Udaipur. 111 patients admitted in Balchikitsalya with new onset unprovoked seizures during one year.

Out of 111 patients with new onset unprovoked seizures, majority of patients were between 1-5 years of age with male predominance. In which most common diagnosis was seizure disorder in 78 pts (70.2%) [Generalised 76 pts (97.4%) > Focal 2 pts (2.6%)] followed by 13.5% hypocalcemic seizure, 8.1% hypoglycemic seizure. Other diagnosis was tuberous sclerosis (2.7%), white matter changes (1.8%), adrenoleukodystrophy (0.9%), arachnoid cyst (0.9%), tuberculoma (0.9%) and HIE changes (0.9%). EEG abnormality was seen in 46% of patients. Hyponatremia (36%) was significantly associated with abnormal EEG changes. MRI was done in 38.7% of the patients, out of which, abnormality was seen in only 8.6% of the children.

Seizure is mainly diagnosed clinically and EEG can be normal in many patients. First episode of unprovoked seizure was common in age group of 1-5 years. EEG and Neuroimaging is useful for better diagnosis, treatment can be started on clinical diagnosis.
Lower urinary tract dysfunction in cases of anorectal malformations
Authors: Saxena Gaurav
Published: May 2023

Association of genitourinary anomalies in patients with ano-rectal malformations (ARM) is well known and its incidence is reported to be 30 -50%. Many of these anomalies either have less number of functioning renal units or have conditions with risk of continuous damage to renal units, increasing the risk of developing End stage renal disease (ESRD) in adolescence or adulthood. Although frequently described as associated malformations but few of these entities like Vesico ureteric reflux (VUR) could be the result of lower urinary tract dysfunctions.

: To study incidence and spectrum of Lower urinary tract dysfunction in toilet trained patients of ARM.

To find whether LUTD is the cause of worsening of VUR/HUN/ renal functions in patients with ARM.

2 years (October 2018 to 30 September 2020)

: Department of Paediatric surgery, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Geeta Colony Delhi

Prospective observational study.

: Forty-two patients of ARM, meeting all inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study.

All the following criteria were checked for enrolment of patient in the study. 1. Patients of all categories of anorectal malformations who were toilet trained; 2. Age more than 4 years; 3. Completed set of investigations planned for diagnosis of LUTD. 4. Consented to participate in the study and for follow up as and when required.

Central cause of neurological deficits.

A total of 125 patients who underwent PSARP during our study period. However only 42 patients met the inclusion criteria and got their work up completed for urological problems.

1.LUTD and renal failure can be seen even in absence of spinal malformations in patients with ARM; 2. Severity of LUTD in absence of neurological involvement changes with time; 3. Thorough history and clinical evaluation may provide important clues in suspecting presence of occult LUTD.
Bilateral renal cell lymphoma: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Negi Preety , Pruthi Harnoor Singh , Patel Suresh , Srivastava Himanshu , Kaur Manjeet , Das Ajit Kumar
Published: May 2023

Primary renal cell lymphoma is a rare type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, with B-cell lymphoma being the most common subtype. Imaging and preoperative biopsy are fruitful ways to diagnose renal cell lymphoma. We report a rare case of primary renal cell lymphoma with bilateral renal involvement in a 52-year-old woman based on imaging findings, histopathology, and immunohistochemical markers. The patient is being treated with Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, prednisolone, and intrathecal methotrexate. Furthermore, the present study also reviewed 22 cases of bilateral PRL that have been reported in this century to date. With this case report, we focus the spotlight on the fact that, though rare, the diagnosis of primary renal cell lymphoma still needs to be in the differential diagnosis of renal masses.
Development of information and communication technologies in the field of information and economic security of the United States, 2020-2022
Authors: Kukharenko Alexandra
Published: May 2023

The author of the article considers the changes and processes in the field of information and communication technologies in the United States of America that occurred in the period 2020-2022, analyzes the level of their formation and development, identifies the threats to information and economic security, which become the reason of the widespread development of communications and information technologies.
The US Congress 118th: a Gender Portrait
Authors: Shvedova Nadezhda
Published: May 2023

Senator Patty Murray of Washington was solemnly sworn in by Vice President Kamala Harris in the Old Senate Hall on Capitol Hill in Washington on January 3, 2023, in front of Murray's husband, Rob Murray. She became the first woman to temporarily become President of the Senate. The episode is like a historical symbol of the conquest of heights of power by American women in the first quarter of the 21st century: a duet of American women perform a "routine" action in the procedure for transferring power.
The American press, not without reason, interprets the results of the election of women to various levels during the 2022 midterm elections as “new records”. 
The 118th US Congress (2022-2024) has a record number of women. The point of view that it was the issue of abortion that helped "limit the losses of the Democrats" in the last election cycle was widely accepted among specialists. The Supreme Court's dismissal of Roe v. Wade has placed abortion at the center of the election debate, along with the economy, inflation and immigration. The election took place amid a global financial downturn and a notable rise in the cost of living in the United States. In addition, they are the first since the June 2022 Supreme Court ruling overturned the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision.
The Democrats retained control of the Senate. The Republican Party won a majority in the House of Representatives. In thinking about expanding the political power and representation of American women, it is necessary to consider the barriers to women's retention in office and how to remove those barriers, recognizing the full range of diversity among them—and, in particular, the diversity of their political experiences and opportunities—in political institutions.
The gubernatorial level of power demonstrates the same trend. Nearly a quarter of all US governors are women. Moreover, there are twice as many women democrats among them. In total, 12 American women occupy this level of office: 8 of them are Democrats, 4 - Republicans.
Roots of disputes over hermeneutics
Authors: Scholz Gunther
Published: May 2023

The article investigates reasons and preconditions for current difficulties in hermeneutics, caused by confusion of interpretation different concepts. The work considers three trends that affected the transformation of the interpretation notion in the 19th century: 1) the author role reduction followed by the interpreter role augmentation, 2) interpretation applicability expansion from the text to the world as a whole, resulting in the hermeneutics subject diffusion, 3) substitution of the text traditional hermeneutics by hermeneutic philosophies. Hard and soft interpretations are distinguished that base formation of hermeneutics different types.
Creativity: The impact of psychological capital and curiosity from the employee’s perspective in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Manik Ester , Sidharta Iwan , Zulfikar Vicky Achmad , Rahman Robbi Saepul , Fitria Bulan Tati , Resawati Retno , Nurdiansyah Haris
Published: May 2023

Creativity is a determining factor of organizational success. To engage employees with a high level of creativity, it is necessary to encourage excellent psychological capital and employee curiosity. This study examines the effect of psychological capital on employee creativity, mediated by curiosity. Research on creativity is closely related to curiosity as well as psychological capital; however, there is still a research gap. Therefore, our research focuses on the relationship between these variables. It employed a survey to gather data from 222 employees in seven retail store branches in Bandung, Indonesia. To evaluate the hypothesis proposed by the authors, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used. The results indicated that psychological capital had an effect on employee creativity that was mediated by curiosity. The study results suggest that organizations can empower employees by increasing psychological capital and employee curiosity.
The effect of body mass index on the morbidity and outcomes of COVID-19 in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rezaeimanesh Nasim , Abbasi Naghmeh , Sahraian Mohammad Ali , Azimi Amirreza , Razeghi-Jahromi Soodeh , Moghadasi Abdorreza Naser
Published: May 2023

Background: It seems that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at a higher risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) implications due to being subjected to immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive treatments. Besides, obesity as a risk factor may lead to more adverse consequences. The relationship between obesity and COVID-19 morbidity and outcomes in Iranian patients with MS still remains unclear.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Patients with MS were asked to complete an online questionnaire in the Google Form format. Demographic information, clinical information including MS disease-related factors, COVID-19-related factors, and anthropometric information were recorded. Totally, 492 patients filled the questionnaire during two weeks in November 2021, by the response rate of 21.6%. Body mass index (BMI) was categorized based on the standard classification of the World Health Organization (WHO). The logistic regression was used to examine the risk of morbidity and chi-square test/one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to determine the difference regarding severity and symptoms among groups.
Results: In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of COVID-19 morbidity in class II obese participants was significantly 5.41 times higher than that in the normal BMI group [OR: 5.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-29.09]. COVID-19 severity was significantly different among BMI groups (P = 0.024). Respiratory symptoms (P = 0.05) as well as gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (P < 0.01) of COVID-19 were more prevalent among class I and class II obese patients compared with overweight, normal weight, and underweight groups. groups reported COVID-19 morbidity without any symptoms (P = 0.04).
Conclusion: The results of the current study support the view that obesity could play a key role in susceptibility to COVID-19 morbidity and severity of the symptoms in patients with MS. The findings recommended that neurologists pay more attention to patients' BMI during this pandemic.
Oral Rehabilitation of a Patient with Papillon Lefèvre Syndrome Using Fixed Full-Arch Hybrid Prostheses Supported by Four Axially Loaded Implants – A Case Report with Four-Year Follow-up
Authors: Pawan Kumar Sharma , Karthikeyan Vasudevan , Murugesan Krishnan , Muthukumar Balasubramaniam , Raja Krishna Kumar , Jagdish Sivanesan Karthikeyan
Published: May 2023

This report details the successful prosthetic rehabilitation of a 25-year-old male patient with Papillon Lefèvre Syndrome (PLS) using an implant-supported hybrid prosthesis. Six implants were placed in the maxilla, and four were placed in the mandibular arch. All implants were inserted axially (non-tilted) and were planned to be loaded after a healing period of 6 months. One implant failed due to graft loss during the healing phase, which was removed and the remaining implants were restored with a hybrid prosthesis after 6 months, using the delayed loading protocol. The patient was followed-up for four years and all the remaining implants successfully integrated and remained fully functional during this period. The prosthesis significantly improved the functional, aesthetic, and psychological well-being of the patient. This case report is the first of its kind to use only four axially placed implants for rehabilitation of a PLS patient with a successful four-year follow-up.
Factors Associated with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Patients with Surgically Treated Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: Fallah Yousef , Rezaei Mohsen , Shayan-Moghadam Ramin , Baghbani Salar , Zafarmandi Sahar , Mahmoudi Ehsan
Published: May 2023

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is an important common complication after surgical treatment for distal radius fracture. Recognition of the related factors is important to reduce the burden of the problem. Herein, the contributing factors for CRPS after distal radius fracture surgery are studied.
Methods: In this cross-sectional comparative study, 250 patients admitted to the orthopedics ward in Sina Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from 2017 to 2020, were enrolled. The contributing factors for CRPS after distal radius fracture surgery were determined in them.
Results: The CRPS was seen in 17 cases (6.8%). 9 percent of male and 1.9 percent of female patients were diagnosed with CRPS. This showed a significant difference in the Fisher test (P = 0.028). The mean pain severity by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was higher in CRPS cases, that showed a significant difference by the Mann-Whitney test (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it may be concluded that CRPS was seen in seven percent of patients under surgery for distal radius fracture and was related to the male gender and higher pain severity.
The Effect of Stretching, Foam Rolling, and FIFA 11+ Warm-ups on Performance and Pain in Athletes with Knee Pain
Authors: Azizan Samira , Sheikhhoseini Rahman , Piri Hashem , Zamankhanpour Mina
Published: May 2023

Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is the most prevalent disease of the knee. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of various warm-up methods on several performance measures and pain intensity in athletes with and without PFPS.
Methods: This clinical trial study included 18 to 24-year-old professional female athletes with or without PFPS. Both groups performed warm-up protocols, including general stretching, foam rolling, and Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 11+ warm-up exercises in three test sessions simultaneously. The data collection procedure was implemented on three separate days in one week. Pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) to measure the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) and Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) were examined before and after each session.
Results: No significant difference was observed between the effect of different warm-ups in groups with and without PFPS regarding the use of the SSC (P = 0.185), while there were significant differences in the effect of various warm-up protocols on LESS (P < 0.001) and pain scores (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Using the foam roller as a warm-up method can decrease the pain intensity in athletes with PFPS but may increase their LESS score. In addition, there was no difference in the effect of various warm-up methods on the SSC between athletes with and without PFPS. Finally, it seems that foam rolling should be used with more caution as a part of warming up in athletes with PFPS.
The Efficiency of Locking Compression Plates versus Dynamic Compression Plates in the Treatment of Low Distal Fibula Fracture: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mehrvar Amir , Minator Sajjadi Mohammadreza , Okhovatpour Mohammad Ali , Sarlak Shahab , Ahmadi Ahmadreza , Zandi Reza
Published: May 2023

Background: Uncertainties remain as to which type of plate [locking compression plate (LCP) or dynamic compression plate (DCP)] is more efficient and cost-effective in fixing and stabilizing the fractures. We aimed to compare the clinical utility of the two types of plates including LCPs and 3.5-mm DCPs in the treatment of low distal fibula fracture (distal lateral malleolus fractures).
Methods: This randomized single-blinded clinical trial was performed on 54 patients with distal fibula fractures who were candidates for surgical treatment using compression plate fixation. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups scheduled for treatment with fixation of LCPs or with 3.5-mm T-plates (DCPs). The patients were finally followed-up for two years to assess the clinical outcome of the procedures.
Results: No difference was revealed between the two groups in the prevalence of postoperative infection, nonunion, wound dehiscence, skin reactions, and local surgical pain. The mean functional score [Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS)] in the DCP and LCP groups was 85.33 ± 4.92 and 84.85 ± 5.12, respectively, indicating no difference between the groups (P = 0.726).
Conclusion: In the treatment of low distal fibula fractures, the use of LCPs and 3.5mm DCPs can similarly result in improving functional status with minimal postoperative complications. Due to the similarity of the consequences of using both plates and the fact that the DCP type is more cost-effective and available in remote and deprived areas, this type seems to be preferred.
Evaluation of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients with Bronchitis Diagnosis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Taner Neda , Eskitoğlu Müferiye , Şirin Betül
Published: May 2023

Background: Acute bronchitis is one of the most common infectious diseases in children and a major cause of hospital admissions. Treatment of acute bronchitis is usually symptomatic, analgesics and antipyretics are often used. The simultaneous intake of drugs brings pharmacological interactions with it. These interactions are important for the success of the treatment. The aim of our investigation is to determine the prevalence and severity of possible drug interactions; draw attention to drug interactions in children and adolescents.
 
Methods:  This study was conducted on 99 patients, 48 ​​males and 51 females, with bronchitis hospitalized between 2019 and 2021 in Rize, Turkey. Patient records were retrospectively evaluated, and drug interactions were determined using database Medscape data by clinical pharmacists. Data was analyzed by SPSS 15.0v. statistical program p<0.05 was considered significant. The severity of the interactions was assessed as an alternative to serious use, close monitoring and minor interactions.
Results: In this study, it was found that the mean age of the patients was 5.17 ± 2.31 years. A total of 69 drug-drug interactions were identified, most of which (63.6%) were identified on the ‘Close Monitor', and the interaction rate at the 'Serious Use Alternative' level was found to be 16.2%. There was no interaction in some patients in this study; but some patients experienced up to 4 interactions.
Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should be more cautious about polypharmacy and more aware of the rational use of drugs. By raising awareness of drug interactions among healthcare professionals, drug interactions can be minimized.
De virreinato a nación : quiebra colonial y Estado sin Hacienda en el Perú
Authors: de Haro Dionisio
Published: May 2023

En el período comprendido entre 1821 y 1825 se inició en el Perú el proceso de transformación consistente en la transición de un sistema hacendístico colonial a otro moderno1 . La última década virreinal puso en evidencia los desajustes de una Hacienda Real incapaz de cumplir con sus objetivos tradicionales y asentada sobre una economía con importantes límites en el crecimiento económico. Con la guerra de independencia se abrió un tiempo de aprendizaje y reformas con el objetivo de dotar al nuevo Estado de una Hacienda Pública con suficiencia recaudatoria y acorde con las prácticas económicas modernas. Sin embargo, el Protectorado optó por un desarme fiscal desnortado y la permanencia de elementos sustanciales del viejo sistema colonial. Entonces, la puesta en marcha de iniciativas singulares, como fue el caso del papel moneda, chocaron con políticas de naturaleza incompatible. El sistema hacendístico de la naciente República deambuló, falto de centralidad y privatizado en un alto grado, al borde de la quiebra hasta el final de la guerra. El análisis cuantitativo, basado en los Libros Mayores de la Caja Matriz del Estado de Lima durante la etapa de 1821 a 1824, develó una dinámica fiscal que dio lugar a un Estado frágil y extraordinariamente dependiente de los empréstitos internacionales. Asimismo, la gestión de la Hacienda Pública por parte de los primeros gobiernos del Perú independiente supuso un aprendizaje con altos costes, y hubo que esperar a 1824 para articular iniciativas que rompiesen con la atonía fiscal. En 1825 todo quedaba por hacer y fueron los proyectos de 1826 los que abrieron, con renovados bríos, un nuevo tiempo de reformas.
Historias galonadas : la genealogía de reducción, paisaje y población en los valles de Zaña y Chamán, Perú
Authors: Van Valkenburgh Parker
Published: May 2023

En el estudio en que se basa este artículo, sobre el proceso reduccional en los valles de Zaña y Chamán en el Perú, una lectura dualística nos llevaría a un callejón sin salida. Los restos arqueológicos demuestran que, a partir de 1650, todas las reducciones en esta zona habían sido abandonadas y gran número de personajes indígenas vivían fuera de los asentamientos reducidos, sugiriendo que el movimiento llegó a ser un completo fracaso. Pero al mismo tiempo, sugieren que aún después del abandono de las reducciones, varios elementos centrales del discurso reduccional se habían arraigado no solamente en el diseño de los sitios y la imaginación del espacio urbano, sino también en las subjetividades de las comunidades indígenas. Después de abandonar los asientos establecidos durante las reformas toledanas en los 1570, los grupos indígenas de Zaña no se fragmentaron sino que mantuvieron sus contornos básicos de filiación y reconstruyeron sus ciudades de acuerdo a las normas toledanas, en planos cuadriculados, centradas en plazas flanqueadas por iglesias y oficinas de administración cívica. Más notablemente, quizás, también incorporaron elementos centrales de la justificación de la reducción en sus intentos de negociar las ubicaciones y el carácter de sus asentamientos y su modo de vivir. Dentro de esta historia larga, el poder toma una forma foucaultiana, expresándose no como el control que una entidad ejerce sobre otra(s) sino como una sustancia capilar que fluye a través de todas las acciones sociales, tanto de los dominantes como de los subalternos, tomando diversas formas materiales y borrando las distinciones entre sujetos y objetos4 . Desde este punto de vista, la reducción se puede entender mejor, no como un movimiento social, sino como discurso universalista que asumió una diversidad de formas materiales en distintas áreas del imperio.
Metodología y contexto
Authors: Rivera Holguín Miryam
Published: May 2023

Se usó una metodología de carácter cualitativo. Esta propuesta de investigación se propuso plantear un espacio social buscando entender la experiencia de las personas participantes1 . El grupo se convierte en un espacio de reflexión que constituirá una subjetividad colectiva (González Rey, 2006), un proceso gradual que va implicando sentidos que se relacionan al tema de investigación. Se planteó conocer cómo el contexto social es interpretado y entendido por las personas en su propio mundo cultural y natural. Esta investigación considera una epistemología desde la perspectiva del construccionismo social, entendida como un proceso activo en el cual el sujeto en interacción con el entorno sociocultural genera conocimiento.
Encuentros y desencuentros de la justicia comunal con la justicia de paz y la justicia letrada-profesional
Authors: Peña Jumpa Antonio
Published: May 2023

En el mundo rural de Ayacucho, la justicia comunal —presentada desde la experiencia de los estudiantes y docentes universitarios en los capítulos precedentes—, se complementa con la justicia de paz no letrada y la justicia letrada o profesional. La justicia de paz es aquella cercana a las comunidades o población rural porque normalmente labora en el mundo rural de ellas, pero también es cercana a la justicia letrada o profesional porque es designada y supervisada por esta. Esta última, la justicia letrada o profesional, en cambio, es la que corresponde a la labor de los magistrados abogados, integrados por jueces y fiscales, quienes normalmente desempeñan su labor en la ciudad o en espacios urbanos, con muy poca relación con el mundo rural.
La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y la política anticorrupción de los Estados
Authors: García-Sayán Diego
Published: May 2023

Como en nuestras sociedades hay muchos temas complejos que desarrollan el fenómeno de corrupción, me concentraré en los enfoques que considero más importantes. Primero, recapitulemos. Si tratamos de recordar y reflexionar qué cosa ha sido o es la corrupción en el Perú, inmediatamente el imaginario trae a la mente los vladivideos —lo más visible de la corrupción pública—. Y es que ver a un dueño de un medio de comunicación o a un parlamentario a punto de convertirse en tránsfuga con una cantidad exorbitante de miles de dólares desarrolla en la opinión pública una imagen muy viva de la corrupción; todo ello opuesto a conceptos públicos que son esenciales para enfrentarla, como la transparencia y el acceso a la información. Es decir, una negociación oculta, hecha a espaldas de la información de la sociedad, y, por supuesto, de la legalidad, es un elemento que circunscribe los actos de corrupción. Estas reflexiones nos remiten a algo que me suscita una interrogante acerca del sinnúmero de referencias a la corrupción que hay en internet, tanto en castellano y en inglés; y, como consecuencia de ello, también sobre la cantidad enorme de definiciones de la corrupción, que pueden ir en un sentido o en otro, pero que, en su gran mayoría, se refieren, esencialmente, al problema del poder que tiene que ver con la función pública, con el uso y abuso de esta función para el beneficio del funcionario o funcionaria o del ciudadano que se quiere beneficiar. Es decir, se trata de una acción extralegal por parte de alguien que ocupa una posición de poder y que beneficia ilegalmente a intereses particulares. De manera que en la prevención y en el enfrentamiento a la corrupción la clave es cómo se organiza y orienta el poder. Sin entrar en particularidades, quería, con este comentario —aunque Miriam Spittler y César San Martín ya han hecho algunas alusiones directas al tema de las violaciones de los derechos humanos y la corrupción—, referirme, específicamente, a las decisiones y la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (Corte IDH) en lo que pueda ser pertinente para este macrotema de la corrupción.
De nuevo sobre la invención del 98
Authors: Mainer José Carlos
Published: May 2023

Tres han sido, a mi juicio, las discusiones que en la segunda mitad de los años sesenta han forjado la madurez de la historia de la literatura española: la ampliación del canon de la literatura medieval con la apreciación de sus factores más escolares y cultos (lo que supuso explícitamente la polémica contra Menéndez Pidal y su legado neotradicionalista); la determinación de las fuentes, la evolución y el significado de la literatura picaresca (iniciados por Fernando Lázaro Carreter, Francisco Rico y Edmond Cros); y, por lo que ahora nos concierne, la redefinición unitaria de la literatura de fin de siglo. Resulta imposible arrebatar a Ricardo Gullón el patronazgo de este episodio. De modo gozosamente inevitable, esta misma ponencia ha tomado como referente el título de un breve pero demoledor artículo suyo de 1969, «La invención del 98», fértil inicio de la cruzada contra una noción que ya le parecía entonces.
El fin del imperio español y la generación del 98 : nuevas aproximaciones
Authors: Blanco Alda
Published: May 2023

En 1992 España conmemoró el llamado «descubrimiento» del «nuevo mundo», el «encuentro» del que surgió el primer imperio colonial de la época moderna. Aunque le era imposible a España celebrar abiertamente el aniversario de una fecha que simbolizaba para el continente americano la casi total liquidación de las culturas indígenas, el genocidio de millones de personas y la esclavización de grandes sectores de la población, cuyo fin era el de extraer las ricas materias primas americanas, el quinto centenario de 1492 fue, sin embargo, marcado por dos eventos que ostentaron la precaria riqueza española: la Expo de Sevilla y los Juegos Olímpicos en Barcelona. Sería impreciso proponer que estos dos espectáculos de gran brío y alcance llevaron a la bancarrota al estado español y a las dos comunidades autónomas que los subvencionaron -Andalucía y Catalunya-, pero sí se podría afirmar que gravemente afectaron la frágil economía del país en un momento en el cual todos los esfuerzos gubernamentales estaban puestos en la rápida integración de España a la Comunidad Europea como país de primera fila, es decir, a la altura de Alemania, Francia e Inglaterra.
La generación del 98 : la pintura y el paisaje social
Authors: Barriga Tello Martha
Published: May 2023

«Generación del 98», como en la mayor parte de las generaciones, fue una denominación establecida retrospectivamente, que no fue asumida por sus miembros, como hubiese sido de desear para un estudio analítico coherente. Más de una característica en común debe indagar la crítica para justificar la calificación y más de una contradicción puede encontrarse en el intento. Para Pío Baroja todo no pasaba de ser un «accidente histórico», insistiendo en que no existía tal Generación del 98.
Generación del 98 y Modernismo : interinfluencias
Authors: Cáceres Cuadros Tito
Published: May 2023

El primer problema que encara la crítica en el estudio de ambos movimientos o tendencias es el mismo de todas las escuelas literarias: ¿cómo se originan? A esto, hay que añadir el dilema sobre sus componentes, sobre sus características, su proyección, así como el de las influencias. Una de las tareas titánicas de los estudiosos de ambos movimientos es deslindar los acuerdos y desacuerdos, las concordancias y discordancias, los acercamientos y . alejamientos practicados entre todos los integrantes e incluso su participación misma. Si empezamos por la Generación del 98, leeremos, que fue Don Luis Contreras, «el Patriarca, el organizador de las huestes del 98» quien fundó la «Revista Nueva», en donde colaboraron todos los que habían de formar la Generación, casi modelo (o por antonomasia), sobre las que se ha fundado otras dentro y fuera de España. El núcleo generacional destaca la participación de «Los Tres», es decir, Azorín (José Martínez Ruiz), Ramiro de Maeztu y Pío Baraja; pero es Baraja, precisamente, quien da las primeras muestras de disensión, cuando escribe. «Yo no creo que haya habido ni que haya una generación de 1898, si la hay yo no pertenezco a ella ... No me ha parecido nunca uno de los aciertos de Azorín, el bautizador y casi inventor de esa generación, el de asociar los nombres de unos cuantos escritores a una fecha de derrota del país, en la cual no tuvieron la menor parte ... La verdadera gente de 1898 fueron los políticos ... Nosotros, no».
Unamuno y la intelectualidad protestante en el Perú : el caso de John A. Mackay (1916-1925)
Authors: Fonseca Ariza Juan
Published: May 2023

Miguel de Unamuno, una de las figuras más señeras de la Generación del 98, tuvo una notable influencia en Hispanoamérica a través de su impronta en numerosos intelectuales hispanoamericanos. Su presencia se evidenció en su relación con una notable cantidad de personajes de diversas procedencias y tendencias, así como en la impresión que sus obras causaron en muchos más. En el Perú, algunos ya han trabajado la fluida relación entre Unamuno y autores como Ricardo Palma (Palma 1949)1 y Riva-Agüero. 2 Además, es conocida su impronta en los modernistas (Clemente Palma, Chocano, López Albújar), en la generación del Novecientos y en la Generación del Centenario. En la década del veinte, algunos artículos de las revistas Amauta y el Mercurio Peruano muestran la presencia de Unamuno. Los escritos de Edwin Elmore, César Falcón, Mariátegui, Belaúnde, entre otros, evidencian ello (Pacheco 1993: 176-184). Sin embargo, existen personajes, dentro de ese periodo, que no han sido debidamente estudiados. Uno de ellos es John A. Mackay, intelectual escocés que radicó en el Perú entre 1916 y 1925 y que formó parte activa dentro de la intelectualidad de la época. Fue, además, uno de los principales representantes del movimiento protestante en el Perú. El propósito de esta ponencia es hacer un primer acercamiento a la influencia de Unamuno en este personaje. En ese sentido, observaremos a Unamuno desde la perspectiva de Mackay analizando la actitud de este hacia aquel y cómo ello se expresó en su pensamiento y su acción, lo cual nos permitirá conocer, además, las primeras manifestaciones de pluralismo religioso en el Perú, luego de la promulgación de la tolerancia de cultos en 1915.
Impresiones sobre Unamuno, Azorín, Pío Baroja y el Perú
Authors: Zavaleta Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2023

Les ruego permitirme que, en este largo pero telegráfico título de la ponencia, pueda intercalar unos párrafos y vincular a la generación del 98 con la de los jóvenes escritores peruanos de los años cincuenta. Verán que no es descabellado hacerlo. Y empezaré por leer el brevísimo poema «España eterna» de Washington Delgado, a fin de mantener en la sala, ojalá, un ambiente poético y de claro homenaje.
Brewers lost in wild yeast nomenclature
Authors: Kyselová Lucie , Hanzalíková Katarína , Matoulková Dagmar , Kubizniaková Petra
Published: May 2023

In recent decades many changes have been adopted in the fungal nomenclature, including the names of yeasts, to achieve a more natural and uniform systematics. The use of one correct name is essential for communication, the search for new knowledge, research studies or business purposes not only in the brewing branch. Nevertheless, how can such rapid progress be followed? The paper attempted to briefly explain the reasons for immense changes that have occurred in the taxonomic and nomenclatural system mainly as a result of modern molecular findings. The process of reclassification is demonstrated on a group of selected contaminants currently detected in Czech beers or breweries. This article presents several online databases that document the ongoing changes and make it easy for experts from various fields to find valid names.
Evaluation of variability of the content of alpha and beta acids in Czech bittering hop varieties (Humulus lupulus L.)
Authors: Nesvadba Vladimír , Straková Lenka , Fritschová Gabriela , Olšovská Jana , Charvátová Jitka , Trnková Sabina
Published: May 2023

Czech bitter varieties were evaluated between 2010 and 2022. Hop varieties displayed an average content of alpha acids between 10.24% w/w (Agnus) and 13.73% w/w (Gaia). Variability below 15%, proved good stability of alpha acids content in all tested bittering hops. All varieties showed a decrease in the content of alpha acids over a period of 13 years of hop cultivation. The highest content of beta acids was determined in Gaia (7.30% w/w). In contrast, the lowest content of beta acids was found in Rubín (3.73% w/w). The new bitter genotypes Uran and 5304 had an average alpha acid content of 11.56% w/w and 10.82% w/w, respectively. Uran showed an average beta acid content of 5.47% w/w and for the genotype 5304 it was 3.61% w/w. In terms of the alpha/beta acids ratio, the hop varieties can be divided into three groups. The first group included the varieties with an alpha/beta acids ratio below 2, i.e. Vital, Boomerang and Gaia. While Agnus and Uran displayed an alpha/beta ratio slightly above 2. The highest alpha/beta ratio above 3 was found in Rubín and the 5303 genotype.