bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Web use remains highly regional even in the age of global platform monopolies
Authors: Ng Yee Man Margaret , Taneja Harsh
Published: January 2023

The Internet, since its inception, has been imagined as a technology that enables information to overcome barriers of language and geography. As a handful of social media platforms now dominate globally, removing most barriers of distribution; this has created unprecedented opportunities for content to gain worldwide traction, regardless of its country of origin. Yet historically with few exceptions, people generally consume content that is from or for their region. Has the Internet or social media really altered this trait? Analyzing the extent of similarities between a hundred countries’ web use patterns simultaneously across their most popular websites, and country specific trends from YouTube and Twitter respectively, we find that countries which share borders or where people speak the same languages have the most similar web use patterns. Global social media usage on both YouTube and Twitter is even more heterogeneous and driven to a larger extent by language and geography than global website traffic. Neither does high prevalence of English language speakers in the two countries, nor does one of them being the United States contributes substantially to web use similarity. Global web use remains highly regional. The technical affordances of the Internet alone are thus insufficient to render a cosmopolitan world.
Advertising expenditures on child-targeted food and beverage products in two policy environments in Canada in 2016 and 2019
Authors: Potvin Kent Monique , Pauzé Elise , Remedios Lauren , Wu David , Soares Guimaraes Julia , Pinto Adena , Bagnato Mariangela , Pritchard Meghan , L’Abbé Mary , Mulligan Christine , Vergeer Laura , Weippert Madyson
Published: January 2023

Background

The food industry advertises unhealthy foods intended for children which in turn fosters poor diets. This study characterized advertising expenditures on child-targeted products in Canada and compared these expenditures between Quebec, where commercial advertising to children under 13 is restricted, and the rest of Canada, where food advertising to children is self-regulated.

Methods

Advertising expenditures data for 2016 and 2019 for 57 select food categories and five media channels were licensed from Numerator. Products and brands targeted to children were identified based on their nature and the advertising techniques used to promote them. Advertising expenditures were classified as healthy/unhealthy using Health Canada’s nutrient profile model. Expenditures per child capita aged 2–12 years were calculated and expenditures from 2016 were adjusted for inflation. Advertising expenditures were described by media, food category, year, and geographic region.

Results

Overall, $57.2 million CAD was spent advertising child-targeted products in Canada in 2019. Television accounted for 77% of expenditures followed by digital media (18%), and the food categories with the highest expenditures were candy/chocolate (30%) and restaurants (16%). The totality of expenditures (99.9%-100%) in both Quebec and the rest of Canada in 2016 and 2019 were considered ‘unhealthy’. Across all media channels (excluding digital), advertising expenditures were 9% lower in 2019 versus 2016. Advertising expenditures per capita were 32% lower in Quebec ($9.40/capita) compared to the rest of the country ($13.91/capita).

Conclusion

In Canada, millions are spent promoting child-targeted products considered inappropriate for advertising to children. While per capita advertising expenditures for these products are lower in Quebec compared to the rest of Canada, they remain high, suggesting that Quebec’s commercial advertising restrictions directed to children are likely not sufficiently protecting them from unhealthy food advertising.
From Empire-wide integration to regional localization: A synthetic and quantitative study of heterogeneous amphora data in Roman Germania reveals centuries-long change in regional patterns of production and consumption
Authors: Franconi Tyler , Brughmans Tom , Borisova Ekaterina , Paulsen Laura
Published: January 2023

We present novel insights into trade in amphorae-borne products over a 550-year period in Germania along the frontier of the Roman Empire, derived through probabilistic aoristic methods to study temporal changes in archaeological materials. Our data analysis reveals highly detailed differential patterns of consumption and production within the German market. We show how connections to far-flung regions such as the Eastern Mediterranean or the Iberian Peninsula wax and wane through time, and how the local German producers start to compete with these imported products. These chronological patterns provide important insight into a regional market within the larger Roman economy and provide an important case study in changing economic connections over a long period, demonstrating in a transparent and reproducible way a geographical and chronological pulsation in market activity that was otherwise unknown and undemonstrated.
Association between sense of coherence and depression in patients with chronic pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aguilar-Latorre Alejandra , Asensio-Martínez Ángela , Oliván-Blázquez Bárbara , Álvarez-Bueno Celia , Cavero-Redondo Iván , Lionis Christos , Symvoulakis Emmanouil K. , Magallón-Botaya Rosa
Published: January 2023

Background

Chronic pain is a common complaint having distressing consequences for those that suffer from it. Pain and depression concur within the context of comorbidity, and both share underlying stress conditions. Sense of coherence (SOC) is a factor that determines how well an individual manages stress and stays healthy. Its relationship with depression has been frequently reported in the literature. Our objective was to assess the amount of evidence available regarding the association between SOC and depression in patients suffering from chronic pain.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. Searches were conducted between November 01 and December 31, 2020 in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, Psicodoc, ScienceDirect and Dialnet. There were no restrictions regarding the date of publication of the study. Evidence related to the relationship between SOC and depression in patients with chronic pain was summarized and compared.

Results

A total of 163 articles were identified. We included 9 papers in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The pooled correlation coefficient was -0.55 (95%: -0.70; -0.41) and was not modified after removing any study. The heterogeneity across the studies was considerable (I2 = 94.8%; p < 0.001). The random‐effects meta‐regression models for the association between SOC and depression showed that age (p = 0.148) and percentage of women (p = 0.307) were not related to heterogeneity across studies. No publication bias was detected (p = 0.720).

Conclusions

At first glance, the included studies give the impression that SOC is an important factor in depression levels of patients with chronic pain. Most of the included studies revealed a moderate association between SOC and depressive symptoms.
Assessing the medical resources in COVID-19 based on evolutionary game
Authors: Guo Keyu , Lu Yikang , Geng Yini , Lu Jun , Shi Lei
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 has brought a great challenge to the medical system. A key scientific question is how to make a balance between home quarantine and staying in the hospital. To this end, we propose a game-based susceptible-exposed-asymptomatic -symptomatic- hospitalized-recovery-dead model to reveal such a situation. In this new framework, time-varying cure rate and mortality are employed and a parameter m is introduced to regulate the probability that individuals are willing to go to the hospital. Through extensive simulations, we find that (1) for low transmission rates (β < 0.2), the high value of m (the willingness to stay in the hospital) indicates the full use of medical resources, and thus the pandemic can be easily contained; (2) for high transmission rates (β > 0.2), large values of m lead to breakdown of the healthcare system, which will further increase the cumulative number of confirmed cases and death cases. Finally, we conduct the empirical analysis using the data from Japan and other typical countries to illustrate the proposed model and to test how our model explains reality.
A conserved karyotype? Chromosomal rearrangements in Charadrius collaris detected by BAC-FISH
Authors: Ferreira Paulo Victor de Moraes , Ribas Talita Fernanda Augusto , Griffin Darren K. , Correa Luyann André Rodrigues , Pinheiro Melquizedec Luiz Silva , Kiazim Lucas G. , O’Connor Rebecca E. , Nagamachi Cleusa Yoshiko , Pieczarka Julio Cesar
Published: January 2023

Charadriidae comprise 142 valid species and the most recent checklist for the occurrence of this family in Brazil describes 11 species. There are few chromosomal studies in Charadriidae, most of them using a conventional approach. In Charadrius, only five species had their karyotypes described by classical cytogenetics, of which four have 2n = 76 (C. hiaticula, C. dubius, C. vociferou and C. collaris) and one 2n = 78 (C. alexandrinus alexandrinus). Among these species, only Charadrius collaris had the karyotype studied by chromosome painting, which allowed the identification of chromosomal homeologies with the karyotypes of Gallus gallus (GGA) and Burhinus oedicnemus (BOE). According to the literature, studies performed with BAC-FISH using probes from Gallus gallus and Taeniopygia guttata (TGU) libraries have shown interactions between macro and microchromosomes and micro inversions in chromosomes previously considered conserved. Other studies have shown the fusion of several microchromosomes, forming new macrochromosomes, leading to a decrease in the 2n of some species. The present study aims to deepen the chromosomal information in Charadrius collaris through the application of BAC-FISH with probes from the GGA and TGU libraries, in order to investigate possible rearrangements within the apparently conserved karyotype of this species, and thus better clarify the evolutionary history of the species. Charadrius collaris presented 2n = 76 and fundamental number (FN) equal to 94. Comparative mapping of BAC probes from GGA and TGU in Charadrius collaris revealed hybridization signals from 26 macrochromosome probes. Probes from microchromosomes 9 to 28 of GGA were also used and revealed 31 hybridization signals. The karyotype is well conserved, but it contains a paracentric and a pericentric inversion on the CCO1 chromosome, a paracentric and a pericentric inversion on the CCO4 and the separation of GGA4 into CCO4 and CCO8, demonstrating that the BAC-FISH approach allows for greater data resolution. More studies are needed to improve the understanding of chromosomal evolution within the order Charadriiformes and thus clarify whether these characteristics demonstrated here are specific traits for Charadrius collaris or if other species share these characteristics.
Knowledge of human papillomavirus vaccination: A multi-institution, cross-sectional study of allopathic and osteopathic medical students
Authors: Bunting Samuel R. , Morris Samantha , Chael Julia , Feinstein Brian A. , Hazra Aniruddha , Garber Sarah S.
Published: January 2023

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a well-established and successful tool for preventing HPV-related cancers. However, vaccine uptake remains low, influenced by patient hesitancy around safety concerns and little opportunity to discuss the vaccine with trusted healthcare providers. We conducted a national, cross-sectional study of allopathic and osteopathic medical students regarding knowledge of HPV vaccination guidelines March-April 2021. Analysis sought to identify gaps in knowledge as well as demographic and academic correlates of knowledge. A total of 718 students participated (response rate = 50.8%). While 92.8% of participants identified the connection between HPV and cervical cancer, lower percentages associated HPV with vaginal/vulvar (67.7%), anal (63.3%), and penile (53.9%) cancers. Low percentages of participants correctly identified age of HPV vaccine eligibility (33.3%) and how many doses are needed for full protection (48.1%). This study identifies specific knowledge gaps in medical students’ training on HPV-related cancers and HPV vaccination guidelines. Through addressing these gaps, we may improve HPV vaccine uptake and decrease the incidence of HPV-related cancers.
Compliance to contact lens wear and care among Jordanian adults
Authors: Gammoh Yazan , Asfour Wafa
Published: January 2023

Objective

To evaluate compliance to contact lens (CL) wear and care routines among adults in Jordan.

Design

A cross-sectional study using a questionnaire administered by an interviewer was conducted among adults in Jordan between the months of May and July of the year 2022.

Participants

Adult (≥ 18 years) contact lens wearers attending work establishments, universities and shopping centers in the cities of Amman, Aqaba and Irbid in Jordan.

Main outcomes and measures

Compliance to CL wear and care in addition to CL hygiene habits were evaluated.

Results

A total of 834 (600 women) participants were included in the study with an age range of 18 to 55 years (average; 25.49 ± 7.75). Soft spherical CLs for myopia correction were worn by 45.6% of the sample, followed by cosmetic CLs (CCL) (43%). Highest compliance rate (99%) was calculated for not sharing CL with others and the lowest rate (24%) was for cleaning the CL case, with an average compliance rate of 72.25% for the sample with all habits surveyed. Medium compliance rates were related to following instructions of CL solution use including avoiding using expired solution or avoiding topping off. Risk factors for non-compliant behaviors included CCL wear, purchasing CL from beauty centers and being 25 years of age or younger.

Conclusions and relevance

This study which was performed in a non-clinical setting showed that women and young adults comprise the majority of CL wearers in Jordan. Participants were compliant with most CL wear and care behaviors except for cleaning the CL case and attending aftercare visits. Many CL wearers also reported purchasing lenses from beauty centers and online without consulting CL practitioners. There is a need for patient education regarding the hygiene of the CL case, and the necessity for consulting the CL practitioner for the appropriate type of CL including proper wear and care regimen.
Signs of identity in the Plutarchian Lives of Aristides, Themistocles and Cimon
Authors: Gómez Pilar
Published: January 2023

This paper deals with three pairs of Plutarch’s Parallel Lives, whose Greek protagonists played a central role in the Hellenic triumph over the Persians: Aristides, Themistocles, and Cimon. We will analyze the Lives of these three Greeks who contributed decisively to cementing the Athenian identity, in relation to their lineage, education, character, virtues and death, in contrast to the Romans placed in parallel with them (Marcus Cato, Camillus and Lucullus), in order to observe if in these aspects there are differentiating traits between Greeks and Romans.
Iconicidad diagramática y cláusulas yuxtapuestas secuenciales en español
Authors: Conti Jiménez Carmen
Published: January 2023

Este artículo estudia las cláusulas yuxtapuestas secuenciales en el español europeo escrito. Estas cláusulas, que se unen las unas a las otras secuencialmente mediante pausa fónica (coma o punto y coma en la escritura), han recibido escasa atención en la bibliografía especializada, pese a aparecer citadas a menudo como casos prototípicos de yuxtaposición. Este artículo se propone caracterizar con cierto detalle estas estructuras y dar impulso a posibles estudios posteriores en torno a la yuxtaposición. Los objetivos que se pretenden alcanzar son los siguientes: ofrecer una muestra de ejemplos coherente y representativa que permita caracterizar las estructuras objeto de estudio; clasificar los ejemplos y analizarlos desde el punto de vista semántico, prosódico, gramatical y pragmático; y, por último, explicar el comportamiento de estas estructuras dentro del concepto de iconicidad sintáctica y, más concretamente, dentro de los que se han denominado enunciados diagramáticos. Para ello, este artículo se organiza en distintas secciones. Una vez presentado el objeto de estudio en la introducción (§ 1), se procede a resumir el tratamiento que han recibido las cláusulas yuxtapuestas secuenciales en gramática del español y en estudios especializados sobre yuxtaposición (§ 2). A continuación, se presentan los criterios aplicados a la recopilación de la muestra y se ofrece una clasificación de los ejemplos recopilados en los siguientes tipos de estructuras (§ 3): de adición (§ 3.1), de contraste (§ 3.2), de tiempo (§ 3.3), de contraposición (§ 3.4), de causa (§ 3.5), de consecuencia (§ 3.6) y de antecedencia-explicación (§ 3.7). Para cada uno de los tipos propuestos, se describen además algunas de sus propiedades gramaticales, prosódicas y pragmáticas en sus correspondientes secciones. En la sección 4, se intenta explicar el hecho de que las estructuras secuenciales admitan solo ciertas interpretaciones semánticas entre cláusulas y presenten rasgos prosódicos, gramaticales y pragmáticos bastante fijos. Todo parece apuntar a que las propiedades de estas estructuras reflejan su naturaleza diagramática, como se ha señalado en distintos trabajos para estructuras similares del inglés (§ 4.1). Se intentará demostrar, en concreto, que en las estructuras objeto de estudio, al igual que en los enunciados diagramáticos de otras lenguas, el orden lineal de las cláusulas se puede correlacionar (i) con el orden de los eventos denotados (iconicidad extralingüística); (ii) con el orden de las cláusulas de otras estructuras complejas de la lengua (iconicidad intralingüística); o (iii) con ambos tipos de órdenes (§ 4.2). Por último, se presentarán las conclusiones y se ofrecerán algunas posibles líneas de investigación futuras en torno a la yuxtaposición en español (§ 5).
Reseña del libro: Casado Velarde, Manuel (2021). Curso de semántica léxica del español
Authors: Prieto García-Seco David
Published: January 2023

Reseña del libro: Casado Velarde, Manuel (2021). Curso de semántica léxica del español. Pamplona: EUNSA (261 páginas, ISBN: 978-84-313-3572-4).
Noun canonicity in heritage speakers and monolingual speakers of Spanish
Authors: Mayans Damaris
Published: January 2023

The present investigation examines the role of Spanish noun gender-correlated endings when accessing gender agreement in two different linguistic populations: Spanish-English bilingual heritage speakers and monolingual speakers of Spanish. This study analyzed data from 34 monolingual speakers of Spanish from the Dominican Republic and 44 heritage speakers of Spanish born in the United States who completed a picture naming task in Experiment 1 (determiner-noun agreement) and a picture description task in Experiment 2 (noun-adjective agreement). Results found that canonicity, particularly overt gender marking cues, seemed to have a facilitatory effect for monolingual speakers as seen by significantly faster naming times with transparent nouns on both experiments RTs analysis. However, within the heritage speaker group, no canonicity effects were found on either experiments RTs analyses indicating a difference between the monolingual and bilingual group. There was, however, an effect of noun canonicity in the accuracy rates of both experiments in the monolingual and bilingual group, specifically, a facilitatory effect of transparency, consonant with other studies with heritage speakers and/or monolingual speakers of Spanish (Hur, Lopez and Sanchez 2020; Montrul, Davidson, De La Fuente and Foote 2014; Montrul, De La Fuente, Davidson and Foote 2013; Alarcón 2011; Montrul, Foote and Perpiñán 2008). The main effects of canonicity and frequency found in Experiment 1 monolingual’s RTs analysis and the interaction between frequency and canonicity found in Experiment 2 strongly suggest that canonicity along with noun frequency (noun lexico-syntactic information) have a facilitatory effect in the gender agreement process. Therefore, these results corroborate the predictions of the Two-Route Hypothesis proposed by Gollan and Frost (2001) and psycholinguistic studies that have found a lexico-syntactic route and word-form route to gender access (Caffarra, Jansen and Barber 2014). Findings in the present study contribute to the understanding of different processing mechanisms in two adult populations and to our knowledge of the overall role of predictive nominal endings in gender agreement processes in both monolingual and heritage speakers of Spanish.
Reseña del libro: Valero Fernández, P. (dir.ª) (2022). Guía para la clase de español con fines específicos: ciencias de la salud
Authors: Kim HeeSoo
Published: January 2023

Reseña del libro: Valero Fernández, P. (dir.ª) (2022). Guía para la clase de español con fines específicos: ciencias de la salud. Jaén: Eris Ediciones. 217 páginas.
Alternancia argumental/predicativa en la estructura de constituyentes de los SSPP(con) en español
Authors: Cabezas Holgado Emilio , Cano Cambronero María Ángeles
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer una descripción gramatical exhaustiva para un conjunto de construcciones formadas por un verbo y un SP subcategorizado encabezado por la preposición con (e.g. discutir con). Concretamente, nuestra propuesta se centra en estudiar y describir de un modo más preciso los diferentes SSPP (con) que acompañan a verbos, según puedan considerarse Argumentos o Predicados y, más excepcionalmente, Adjuntos. Para ello empleamos una metodología descriptivista que permita incorporar herramientas teóricas de corte formal al análisis de dichas construcciones, más especialmente la posibilidad de configurar cláusulas reducidas a partir del contraste SP (con/sin). Los resultados de esta descripción y su correspondiente análisis tienen su reflejo en una clasificación de expresiones encabezadas por la preposición con que toma como base caracterizadora las particularidades léxico-sintácticas de los núcleos verbales a los que se asocian. En este sentido, hemos querido discriminar el estatus sintáctico de los distintos SSPP (con) en función de su naturaleza subcategorizada o no seleccionada, distinción que pondrá el foco en aquellas que constituyen un argumento regido o expresan ´estado`/´situación`. Así, también formarán parte de este paradigma clasificatorio verbos que seleccionan régimen alterno (a partir de SSPP (con) y CD/CI) y otros que alternan sintagmas preposicionales encabezados por a/con. Finalmente, han sido incluidos usos que presentan alternancia verbal y adjetival, lo que permite establecer interesantes contrastes en relación con la selección argumental que ejercen verbos y adjetivos como simpatizar/simpático sobre SSPP (con). Del mismo modo, verbos terminativos y verbos no subcategorizadores de régimen ofrecen asociaciones gramaticales opuestas respecto de la aparición de sintagmas encabezados por con. En definitiva, con este estudio pretendemos ofrecer una clasificación léxico-sintáctica de verbos que se combinan con SSPP (con) que tenga en cuenta no solo el significado conceptual del verbo, sino también su Estructura Argumental, su comportamiento sintáctico y el estatus léxico-sintáctico del SP, así como las posibles alternancias preposicionales.
Poderes locales en el rural gallego durante la transición democrática
Authors: Antelo Alvite Xurxo
Published: January 2023

El mundo rural gallego vivió durante la transición la aparición de nuevas instituciones democráticas tras cuarenta años de dictadura, algunas pilotadas por la élite procedente del régimen y otras en las que la sociedad civil dejó su sello. Los poderes locales, además de un terreno de disputa entre lo viejo y lo nuevo en un sentido político, vivieron también las transformaciones socioeconómicas que, al igual que el resto del Estado, sufría la Galicia de la época. En el seno de los partidos políticos, los sindicatos agrícolas, las cooperativas y otras instituciones del mundo rural se sitúan grandes claves sobre la llegada de la democracia a los pueblos, que a menudo han sido relegadas a un segundo plano.
catecismo en la encrucijada
Authors: Perrupato Sebastián Domingo
Published: January 2023

Probablemente pocos fenómenos en la historia hayan suscitado tanta atención como la llamada Guerra de Independencia española. La historiografía sobre el tema es muy abundante y reúne estudios que han hecho de la historia de la cultura política su campo predilecto de curiosidad. En esta perspectiva, los catecismos políticos han sido objeto de atención en reiteradas ocasiones. Sin embargo, el tema se presenta como un interesante campo de desarrollo que todavía tiene mucho por explotar. El presente artículo se propone analizar los catecismos políticos que se publicaron en la Monarquía en el periodo que va entre 1808 y 1814. Planteamos que los mismos se transformaron durante este tiempo de crisis monárquica en efectivos instrumentos de adoctrinamiento político al consolidarse como dispositivos didácticos por excelencia en el paso de un catecismo civil a un catecismo político. En el marco de la historia de la cultura política, el texto aborda el análisis de diferentes catecismos políticos publicados en el contexto de la Guerra de Independencia.
«La alegría del músculo». Las mujeres y la cultura deportiva en la España de los locos veinte a través de la prensa
Authors: Fernández Jiménez M.ª Antonia
Published: January 2023

Antes de que los totalitarismos de los años treinta convirtiesen el cuerpo humano en trasunto del alma colectiva de la nación, la década de los veinte se presentó como un tiempo en el que los individuos se dispusieron a disfrutar de los placeres que su propio cuerpo les proporcionaba como manera de resarcirse del horror vivido durante la Primera Guerra Mundial. De esta manera, el goce individual, y por extensión el colectivo, fue una forma de proyectarse en el futuro para poder olvidar el trauma del inmediato pasado. La modernidad del periodo quedó patente en muchos aspectos de la vida, uno de ellos sería el del ocio, concepto amplio y novedoso llamado a tener un gran porvenir. El deporte, que se había empezado a extender con fuerza en el mundo occidental, ofreció la posibilidad de llenar el tiempo libre que las obligaciones diarias dejaban. Muchos hombres, y cada vez más mujeres, popularizaron la actividad física hasta conseguir que fuese uno de los principales exponentes de los nuevos tiempos. Aunque España había sido un país neutral durante toda la contienda, en muchos sentidos participó de las transformaciones experimentadas por el mundo occidental durante aquella década. La prensa de la época recogería con nitidez la firme voluntad de aquellos hombres y mujeres de superar la tragedia vivida. Esta generación de posguerra necesitaba un bálsamo que les permitiera afrontar el futuro con la salud física y mental recuperada. Fue entonces cuando cayeron en la cuenta de que el deporte podía proporcionarles lo que buscaban, esto es, salud, divertimento y superación de retos con optimismo y desenfado. No es de extrañar, por tanto, que a lo largo de la década aumentase la popularidad de los deportes conocidos y que se incorporasen otros que vinieron a satisfacer la creciente demanda existente. Era tanta la gente que se acercaba al mundo del deporte como jugador o como público que en poco tiempo alcanzó la categoría de fenómeno social. El aumento de la afición vino acompañado de un incremento del número de publicaciones especializadas en la materia, que, como es fácil de imaginar, no pararon de multiplicar sus ventas. Pero era tal la información deportiva que el nuevo fenómeno generaba que el resto de la prensa se vio obligada a reservarle un espacio en sus páginas, por pequeño que éste fuese.
común y la violencia política en la AmazonÍa brasileña
Authors: Benítez Trinidad Carlos , Barca Stefania , Milanez Felipe
Published: January 2023

Este artículo ofrece una reflexión sobre la lucha por el común surgido del diálogo entre el movimiento extractivista y el indígena en el Brasil de los años ochenta, constituyendo la llamada Aliança dos Povos da Floresta. El objetivo es evaluar el significado histórico de esta experiencia de activismo ambiental, laboral e indígena, como parte integrante de la ecología política del común. Una de las características fundamentales del capitalismo es la degradación ambiental y la aniquilación del común, entendido este como una relación no mercantilizada entre trabajo y naturaleza, a partir de modos de producción autónomos, de subsistencia y ecosuficientes. Esta relación trabajo/naturaleza está normalizada en Brasil en áreas indígenas, quilombolas y donde predomina la agricultura de subsistencia. En dialogo con estas prácticas ancestrales, en los 1970, los seringueiros rompieron con los dueños de los medios de producción para comenzar su propia relación autónoma con el bosque. Esto fue un acto de commoning insurgente, aboliendo la propiedad privada y el trabajo asalariado, organizándose comunalmente en «reservas extractivistas» (Resex). Dado que parte fundamental de la ecología política del común comprende toda la violencia desplegada en su contra, concluimos que la defensa de los derechos humanos tiene que estar ligada a los derechos de la naturaleza y que la experiencia de la Aliança es un ejemplo de las posibilidades de convergencia entre organizaciones laborales, indígenas y ambientales teniendo como objetivo el común.
What Every Gastroenterologist Should Know About Gastrointestinal NETs
Authors: Yang Julie , Kim Michelle Kang
Published: January 2023

Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors are increasingly common. Practitioners should examine these lesions carefully found on routine endoscopy. Obtaining accurate neuroendocrine tumors stage and grade is critical to patient assessment and management, and assistance from advanced endoscopists may be needed.
Serie de casos : Características del Carcinoma de Células de Merkel en pacientes del Centro de Cáncer de Piel del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires - Argentina. 2004-2018
Authors: Valdivieso Aguirre Juan Pablo , Solis Ramirez Mercedes , Luna Amalia , Ferrario Damián , Mazzuoccolo Luis
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Merkel cell carcinoma is described as a malignant and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor, which represents less than 1% of non-melanoma skin tumors. It is a rare type of skin cancer that is associated with a poor prognosis and a high rate of recurrence. Despite significant advances, its pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Early diagnosis and proper management are essential to improve the survival rate. Although it affects both genders, it has male predominance. It is presented as hard, bright, reddish, and asymptomatic tumors with a certain predilection for head, neck and limbs. The treatment is surgical and in some cases, it requires adjuvant radiation therapy. An early diagnosis and appropriate handling are essential to improve the survival rate. METHODS: We conducted an observational, descriptive study ⸻case series⸻, which included 10 patients diagnosed with MCC, from the dermatology service of the Skin Cancer Center of Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, from January 2004 to August 2018. RESULTS: Over the course of 15 years, ten patients, 5 men and 5 women, were clinically and histopathologicallly diagnosed with Merkel Cell Carcinoma, with mean age of presentation of 83 years (range: 74-95 years). There was a high frequency (70%) of immunological alterations due to autoimmune diseases, renal-transplanted patients, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The therapeutic option was conventional surgery, with a margin of 3 cm, in six patients and Mohs micrographic surgery in four patients. Three patients developed local recurrence, who received adjuvant radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: The mean age of presentation was 83 years of age; there was no predominance according to sex. Most cases were localized in head and neck. Most of the patients had a concomitant immunological alteration. Most cases were resolved by conventional surgery. Recurrence rate was lower than expected (30%).
Timoma, un tumor maligno poco frecuente con resolución quirúrgica mediante videotoracoscopia. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Aguirre Vintimilla Marcos Andrés , Torres Jerves Jorge Andrés , Quito Becerra Alonso Xavier , Freire Ochoa Jennifer Andrea
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Thymomas are rare epithelial tumors which originate from the thymic gland, with an incidence of 0.13 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in one year, more commonly seen between 40 and 60 years of age. These tumors do not present specific clinical signs and 30% to 60% of the patientsare asymptomatic; in most cases, the tumors are found incidentally by CT-scans. The primary treatment involves surgery. There are few reports in Ecuador, thus it is important to publish this clinical case for the knowledge of the medical community. CASE REPORT: 62-year-old male patient, with a history of osteoarthritis and smoking. He came with a four-month history of chest pain, productive cough that progressed later to haemoptysis and significant unquantified weight loss. The chest CT scan reported a mass located in the right anterior and middle mediastinum, causing mass effect on the heart and great vessels; also, there were small pretracheal mediastinal adenopathies. EVOLUTION: After the diagnosis of a mediastinal mass, highly suggestive of a tumor dependent on the thymus, we decided surgical approach by video-assisted thoracoscopy. Incomplete R1 resection (focally in contact with the resection limit) was achieved, with a positive biopsy for thymoma, type AB (WHO classification), stage IIB (modified Masaoka classification). Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered, presenting complete remission of the disease, with no recurrence during 2-year follow up. CONCLUSION:Thymomas are rare malignant tumors; its first-line treatment involves radical surgery in Masaoka stages I, II and III. Video-assisted thoracoscopy thymectomy is a less invasive procedure and reduces complications, improving postoperative life quality; however, the possible need to add adjuvant radiotherapy in cases of incomplete resection with this technique should be taken into consideration.
Scholars and Literati at the University of Pavia (1361–1800)
Authors: Vitale Mara
Published: January 2023

This note summarizes our research into the group of scholars and literati who were at the University of Pavia until 1800, or were connected with it.
DIFFERENTIATION IN THE ECONOMIC SPACE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AT THE LEVEL OF MACRO-REGIONS
Authors: Shatalova Olga
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the research problem of highly uneven spatial localization of economic activity in Russia. The purpose of the study has been to assess the economic inequality of regions on the scale of federal districts and to assess intergroup differences (between federal districts). Such a goal seems relevant in the context of the state regional policy and the need to reduce the level of interregional differences within the respective macro-regions. The research has been carried out on the basis of the method of measuring inequality in the form of the Theil index and the structural decomposition of this indicator. The article contains the results of a numerical assessment of the Theil index and its structural analysis in a longterm retrospective dynamics – from 1990 to 2020. The choice of the duration of the studied retrospective is explained by the fact that during this period there were significant socio-economic and political transformations that affected, among other things, the economy of Russian regions. Structural analysis of interregional differences has been carried out in the context of macro-regions. The results of the research have shown a high level of intragroup and intergroup inequality at the level of macro-regions and led to the conclusion that it is necessary to develop certain provisions of the state regional policy.
PROBLEM ASPECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF CONTROLLING IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AT ENTERPRISES
Authors: Necheuhina Nadezhda , Mustafina Olga
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the issues of a promising scientific direction of Theory and Management, which is controlling in the system of accounting and analytical support at enterprises. Controlling is a new direction in economic science, and this is the reason for the relevance of the results of the presented research. The purpose of the study is to form a new scientific view, which is put into the theoretical foundations of controlling in the system of accounting and analytical management support. To achieve the goal, the following tasks have been implemented: 1) the genesis of the development of scientific views on controlling in foreign and Russian science has been investigated; 2) the provisions that are the basic foundations of controlling functions in the system of accounting and analytical support of management are highlighted; 3) the author's interpretation of the concept of controlling is formulated, and the constituent elements of controlling in the system of accounting and analytical support of management at enterprises are determined. In the course of working on the research-stated questions, the following empirical methods have been used: studying of various sources of information; analysis of the information obtained, as well as theoretical research methods (modeling).
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF E-COMMERCE
Authors: Khudyakova Tatyana , Shmidt Svetlana
Published: January 2023

Information technologies are intensively spreading across all spheres of our life. Development of the society is currently not possible without the use of these technologies. The usual business formats are being replaced by new, modern formats that are developing with consideration to the requirements of the digital economy. These processes have also affected the retail industry. Recently, the field of e-commerce has been developing rapidly, due to a number of objective factors. Among these the following factors can be mentioned: the degree of the society informatization and the prerequisites caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Certainly, in order to increase the competitiveness of this industry, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the interrelationships of its pace of development and the factors that caused this development. To this end, the study analyzes the dynamics of e-commerce development in Russia, and also identifies the factors that have the maximum impact on the intensity of e-commerce development. Finding the solution to this problem involves the use of correlation and statistical analysis. The results obtained can be used to stimulate the further development of e-commerce in the Russian Federation, which is extremely important at the present stage of the digital economy formation.
STRESS SITUATIONS AND LOGISTICS FORECASTS FOR BUSINESS
Authors: Mochalina Ekaterina , Ivankova Galina
Published: January 2023

Forecasting methods are widely used in logistics. The values of predictive estimates of the development of the analyzed processes or phenomena are the basis for decision-making in operational, tactical, and strategic planning (from assessing the likelihood of a shortage of products in a warehouse to choosing a company development strategy). The accuracy and reliability of the forecast guarantee the effectiveness of the task’s implementation. Our work is a study of the impact of stressful situations on the building logistics forecasts for business, focusing on the issue of safety stock optimization. This paper seems to the authors to be very relevant in the context of the current economic situation in the Russian Federation. The authors have reviewed and tested a widely used linear regression model on real data of a big Russian company. Its extreme inefficiency for use in a stressful situation is shown. Accordingly, the authors have developed and introduced their own forecasting model (also tested). Further development in this direction implies the use of time series analysis to improve/correct the results obtained.
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF INFORMATION-MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OF AN ORGANIZATION, SOURCES OF OCCURRENCE, METHODS OF ASSESSMENT
Authors: Sturov Alexander , Kuvshinov Mikhail
Published: January 2023

Information-management systems of an enterprise’s resource planning, such as ERP, CRM, SCM and so on, are an integral element in the management structure of a modern organization. Developers of such software products conduct continuous improvement of software functionality, introduce various elements of analysis, elements of artificial intelligence, and unify the information exchange system of software products of various developers. In order to improve business results and acquire the economic advantage over competitors, organizations have to consider the possibility of updating or replacing the operated information management systems. However, the analysis of the results of such investment projects conducted by various independent experts reveals many negative results of implementation. The article is devoted to the study of possible problems of assessing the economic efficiency of informationmanagement systems and the study of methods of their effective implementation. The methodological basis of the study is grounded in the analysis of various theories of assessing the economic efficiency of information-management systems in the scientific research of the most famous authors. The main sources and mechanisms of the occurrence of economic efficiency arising during the implementation of projects are considered. An approach to calculating economic efficiency based on the analysis of information support of the organization is proposed. The results of the study can be used at the decision-making stage on the implementation or modernization of information-management systems, as well as to improve functional abilities and increase the economic efficiency of existing systems.
Enhanced SOFC Cathode Performance Through Surface Modification of NdBa0.5Sr0.5Co2O5+δ Nanoparticles
Authors: Subardi Adi
Published: January 2023

The cathode materials fabrication with outstanding performance and stability at intermediate temperatures of 600–800℃ is required for the prospective mass production of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Infiltration is a potential method because it has proven successful in fabrication and cell performance enhancement. This study mainly focuses on the electrical conductivity and long-term reliability of cathode symmetric cells NdBa0.5Sr0.5Co2O5+δ (NBSC) fabricated by traditional solid-state reaction techniques. The electrical conductivity value of the cathode is in the range of 174–278 S.cm-1. Impedance analysis showed that the infiltration of 0.5M SDC on the NBSC cathode surface dramatically reduced the polarization resistance (Rp) between layers (cathode-electrolyte) from 3.32 Ω.cm2 to 1.82 Ω.cm2 at 600℃ or decreased by 45 % compared to NBSC cathode without 0.5M SDC infiltration. The enhanced stability of NBSC cathode specimens with 0.5M SDC infiltration (NBSC+0.5 M SDC) under SOFC operating conditions proves that samples with infiltration extend their lifetime. Compared to the NBSC cathode, the NBSC+0.5 M SDC cathode has better long-term stability with a lower RP value of 2.35 Ω.cm2. In the OPP range of 0.214-0.0027 atm at 800℃, the relatively tiny Rp value of the symmetrical cell is between 0.030 Ω.cm2 and 0.039 Ω.cm2, below the 0.15 Ω.cm2 suitable performance limit for solid oxide fuel cells.
Synthesis of Magnetic Chitosan Composite Beads as an Adsorbent for Removal of Organic Matter from Peat Water
Authors: Ambiya Uul Warosatul , Nurlina Nurlina , Gusrizal Gusrizal
Published: January 2023

Groundwater in peatlands has the potential to be utilized as a water source, but its high organic matter content presents challenges. This study aimed to improve the quality of peat water through the adsorption of organic matter using chitosan magnetic beads composite adsorbent. Magnetic chitosan beads (KMB) composite was synthesized by mixing chitosan, acetic acid, and a mixture of Fe2+/Fe3+ solution with a mole ratio of 1:2. This mixture was then dropped into a sodium hydroxide solution. In addition to KMB, magnetic composite beads containing glutaraldehyde crosslinking agent (KMBG) were also synthesized. The results of composites analysis using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer showed typical Fe-O absorption bands at 582 cm-1 and 578 cm-1 for KMB and KMBG. The typical C=N absorption band for glutaraldehyde in KMBG appeared at 1631 cm-1. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the characteristic peaks of Fe3O4 for KMB and KMBG at 2θ = 30.2°, 35.5°, 43.2°, 57.0°, and 62.8° with an amorphous structure. The adsorption of organic matter was performed by varying the pH (2, 3, 4, and 5) of peat water and the mass of the adsorbent (50, 70, 100, 200, and 300 mg). The optimum adsorption occurred at pH 2 with an absorbent mass of 0.1 g KMB and 0.07 g KMBG. Applying KMB on peat water reduces turbidity, color, and absorbance at a wavelength of 254 nm (Aλ=254), which is better than using KMBG. These three parameters’ efficiency percentages were 44%, 78%, and 74% for KMB and 17%, 30%, and 59% for KMBG.
Abiotic stress tolerance in mangroves with a special reference to salinity
Authors: Acharya Srinivas , Pradhan Madhusmita , Mahalik Gyanranjan , Babu Ram , Parida Sangeeta , Mohapatra Pradipta Kumar
Published: January 2023

Since mangroves are found near extremely transitional ecosystems, they face a lot of physico-chemical perturbations. As mangroves possess a unique ecotone, they experience many abiotic stressors viz. salinity, metal, oil, humidity temperature, nutrient and a wide range of biotic interactions. Amongst all, salinity is the most important factor affecting mangrove physiology and biochemistry, and thereby regulating the organic matter contribution to the consumers underneath. Exploitation by human, being a dominant biotic interference, is above the rate at which natural replacement of mangrove vegetation occur. Mal-nutrition is a limiting factor in growth and reproduction of many mangroves whereas nutrient replenishment reduces the phytotoxicity of heavy metals. Different environmental pollutants including heavy metals, recalcitrant, cosmetics, petroleum oil and endocrine disrupters have reported impact on various mangroves and associated biota. Stress tolerance in mangroves involves various mechanism including morphological and anatomical features, osmoregulation, water use efficiency, salt secretion, salt exclusion and salt accumulation and molecular regulations. Various aspects of salt tolerance strategies of mangroves related to their growth, biochemical anatomy and physiology were reported by many researchers.