bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Etika Bisnis Islam Pada E-Commerce Bebaya Mart Kota Samarinda Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Karham Nurhikmatul , Tikawati Tikawati , Syarif Ahmad
Published: July 2023

The background of this research is to find out how the implementation of e-commerce at Bebaya Mart and how to review Islamic business ethics on the implementation or implementation of e-commerce at Bebaya Mart is appropriate or not. Bebaya Mart is a Samarinda City Government marketplace application that sells various kinds of Samarinda City MSME products. The purpose of this study is to find out how the implementation of e-commerce at Bebaya Mart and how to review Islamic business ethics on the implementation or implementation at Bebaya Mart.

This research method is a qualitative research with the type of field research (field research) which produces descriptive data. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observations and documentation to 10 informants, namely the admin of the Bebaya Mart application, the seller who joined the Bebaya Mart, and the user of the Bebaya Mart application. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data exposure, and drawing conclusions. To check the validity of the data using the triangulation method.

Based on the results of research in the field, it is known that the implementation of e-commerce at Bebaya Mart is in accordance with the four components needed in online transactions. A review of Islamic business ethics on the application or implementation of e-commerce at Bebaya Mart shows that the ethical values of Islamic business in tauhid are mostly implemented because two out of four sellers still make a profit solely on the grounds of survival alone. However, products are sold halal, sellers never commit fraudulent acts to consumers. Bebaya Mart admins do not get any profit from sellers and buyers. The equilibrium has implemented it starting in terms of price, product quality, until sellers treat consumers equally. Free will has implemented it, namely the admin of Bebaya Mart pays attention to the rights of sellers and buyers, sellers give consumer freedom rights. The responsibility is mostly implemented because there is no rating system in the Bebaya Mart application. The seller is responsible for all the information he provides such as product quality to delivery of goods. The seller is also responsible if the buyer or consumer submits a compound. And truth, honesty has not implemented the value of truth, honesty because there are several image posts displayed are still being edited, there is one seller who has not displayed product specifications, and the Bebaya Mart application has not socialized the scales or dosages.

Keywords: Implementation, E-commerce, and Islamic Business Ethics
Pengaruh Motivisi dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa UINSI Menjadi Nasabah Bank Sampah Syariah di UINSI Samarinda
Authors: Shabirin Akhmad , Parno Parno , Komariah Kokom
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The increasing population makes the volume of waste production also increase and varies. The amount of waste generated will have a negative impact on the environment and the economy. Therefore, the waste must be managed properly so that is becomes useful goods and has economic value. An organization that plays a role in waste management is a sharia waste bank, but in reality someone’s interest in becoming a waste bank customer does not just appear. One of them is influenced by motivation, the more motivated a person is, the greather his interest in something. Next is the quality or service, the better the service provided, the more interested someone is in something. This type of research is quantitative with a causal associative approach. The population this study were active students of UINSI Samarinda from 2018 to 2022. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis techniques are ordinal to interval data transformation (MSI), instrument test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing. Based on the results of the results of the t test it is known that motivation (X1) does not affect the interest, while the quality of service (X2) affects the interest. Simultaneously, motivation (X1) and service quality (X2) affect the interest. The coefficient of determination shows that 58.3% of the interest variables are influenced by motivation and quality, while the influence by other variables.

Keywords: Motivation, Service Quality, Interest
The Constitutional Court Decision and Islamic Philanthropy Movements: Analysis of Zakat Organizations Legality in Samarinda
Authors: Iswanto Bambang , Hadinatha Miftah Faried
Published: July 2023

As the capital of East Kalimantan province, Samarinda city government has adequate access to ensure the Legality of zakat management organizations in its jurisdiction. However, many community-based zakat agencies still carry out their activities without state license. Otherwise, the Constitutional Court Decision Number 86/ PUU-X/2012 obliges these zakat agencies to get the Ministry of Religious Affairs permit based on the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) recommendation, in this case, the BAZNAS of Samarinda. This article focuses first on the legal implication of the Court’s decision which confirms the constitutionality of the zakat agencies' licensing requirement in Indonesian Zakat Law. Second, it probes the Samarinda community-based zakat agencies' stance on unlicensed activities and factors affecting their compliance with the Court's decision. Using socio-legal method, this article finds that the Court has established a norm that every zakat management organization must obtain the state's license as long as they operate within the jurisdiction of BAZNAS. Hence, it is considered illegal when community-based zakat agencies in Samarinda manage zakat unlicensed because every corner of the city is arguably within reach of BAZNAS Samarinda operation. Nevertheless, the Court's ruling is not observed by the society in Samarinda because they build their own social construction in implementing the Islamic teaching of zakat. Their stance is mainly influenced by religious motives instead of legal compliance, as well as the hereditary obedience to religious figures. Although many zakat agencies are not licensed, the society always feels benefited and facilitated by their work of collecting and distributing zakat in their region.

Keywords: Amil zakat, legality, Constitutional Court, Samarinda
LA INCORPORACIÓN Y EL CONSENTIMIENTO DE LA CLÁUSULA ATRIBUTIVA DE COMPETENCIA JUDICIAL POR MEDIOS ELECTRÓNICOS EN UN CONTRATO DE ADHESIÓN ENTRE EMPRESARIOS SEGÚN EL CONVENIO DE LUGANO II
Authors: Albiez Dohrmann Klaus Jochen
Published: July 2023

Se comenta en este artículo la STJUE de 24 de noviembre de 2022 (as. C-358/21). Esta resolución judicial examina los requisitos del artículo 23.2 del Convenio de Lugano II que se tienen que dar para la validez de una cláusula atributiva de competencia judicial que se inserta en un contrato comercial a cuyas condiciones generales se remite mediante un hipervínculo en una página web.
Diversity of bacterial symbionts associated with the tropical plant bug Monalonion velezangeli (Hemiptera: Miridae) revealed by high-throughput 16SrRNA sequencing.
Authors: Navarro-Escalante Lucio , Benavides Pablo , Acevedo Flor Edith
Published: July 2023

Insects and microbes have developed complex symbiotic relationships that
evolutively and ecologically play beneficial roles for both, the symbiont and the host. In most
Hemiptera insects, bacterial symbionts offer mainly nutritional, defense and reproductive roles
and have promoted the adaptive radiation of several hemipteran phytophagous lineages. The
tropical plant bug Monalonion velezangeli (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a polyphagous herbivore
considered an important insect pest for several economically-relevant tropical crops; however,
information about the composition of its bacterial microbiota was missing. In this study, we
describe the diversity and structure of the bacterial microbiota in the nymph and adult life stages
of M. velezangeli using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene
amplicons (meta-barcoding). We found that both insect life stages share a similar microbiota in
terms of bacterial diversity and community structure. The intracellular symbiont Wolbachia
(~92%) dominated the overall microbiome composition in these life stages, and along with
bacteria genera Romboutsia, Ignavibacterium, Clostridium, Allobaculum, Paracoccus,
Methylobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Collinsella, Rothia, Sphingomonas and other 4
undetermined genera, were found as members of the core microbiota. Based on PCR screening
and DNA sequencing of wsp gene, Wolbachia infection was confirmed in almost 80% of
samples, represented by two different isolates or strains within the supergroup B. This data
opens new questions and avenues to better understand the contribution of symbiotic bacteria in
the biological performance of this insect pest and provide bases to explore other insect control
methods.
Macroecological perspectives on the competition between the native and invasive bumblebees in Southern South America under climate change
Authors: Montalva Jose , Hoagland Bruce , Arbetman Marina , Morales Carolina , Aizen Marcelo , Vilela Bruno , Silva Daniel Paiva
Published: July 2023

A handful ~206 known bumble bee species (Bombus) have been transported worldwide and introduced in non-native regions for crop pollination, leading to long-lasting biological invasions. The introductions and invasions of European B. terrestris and, previously, of B. ruderatus in southernSouth America have been associated with sharp population declines of the giant Patagonian bumblebee, B. dahlbomii. We gathered a comprehensive database of occurrence records for B. dahlbomii, B. ruderatus, and B. terrestris from museums and citizen science sources. Multivariate bioclimatic niche analyses and species distribution models were used to determine the extent of climatic niche overlap between invasive and native species and the potential effects of current and future climatic scenarios on the distribution of these bumblebees. We found extensive pairwise niche overlap between the three bumble bee species, B. terrestris vs. B. ruderatus (67%), B. terrestris vs. B. dahlbomii (61%), and B. ruderatus vs. B. dahlbomii (46%). Compared to its historical records, the current distribution of B. dahlbomii is narrowing and is expected to shrink even more under the most climatically pessimistic future scenario, while that of B. terrestris shows an extensive, still expanding distribution. However, the models show that in the case of a climatic pessimistic future scenario, B. terrestris will also slow down its expansion on the continent. Finally, we discuss the consequences of the large niche overlap between the introduced bumble bee species and endangered B. dahlbomii and the effect of climate change on these three species of bumble bees in South America.
Architectural design and robustness optimization of adaptive hydraulic engine mount
Authors: Hu Jinfang , Li Yangyang , Jiang Ping , Zhao Linfeng
Published: July 2023

In order to reduce the cost of semi-active hydraulic engine mount, obtain good vibration isolation effect and broaden its application range, an adaptive hydraulic engine mount with variable cross-sectional area of inertial channel was first designed on the basis of existing hydraulic engine mounts, and its low frequency and high frequency approximate linear models were established respectively, and its dynamic characteristics were analyzed. And then, according to its structural characteristics, the robust optimization design of the engine mount parameters is carried out, and the working principle and practical use of the adaptive hydraulic engine mount are also analyzed. Finally, the experimental test system is built, and the vibration isolation effect of the engine mount is tested and compared. The experimental results show that the designed adaptive hydraulic engine mount can achieve different dynamic characteristics by choosing the size and cross-sectional area of the inertial channel rationally under different working conditions and has good vibration isolation effect.
Prevalence of Prediabetes and Risk of CVD Mortality in Individuals with Prediabetes Alone or Plus Hypertension in Northeast China: Insight from a Population Based Cohort study
Authors: Yue Ling , Ma Mingxi , Tian Yuanmeng , Jing Li , Sun Qun , Shi Lei , Sun Jixu , Wang Weizhong , Li Guangxiao , Xing Liying , Liu Shuang
Published: July 2023

Background
To evaluate the current prevalence of prediabetes in northeast China, and further to determine the association between prediabetes alone or coexistent with hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mortality.
Methods
In the prospective study, 15557 participants without diabetes among aged ≥ 40 years in northeast China, were followed for a median of 3.3 years. Following American Diabetes Association, prediabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) range of 5.6–6.9 mmol/L or HBA1C range of 5.7–6.4% in people without diabetes .
Results
The prevalence of prediabetes were 44.3% among population aged ≥ 40 years in northeast China. Prediabetes alone did not promote risk of CVD mortality. However, when the subgroups were stratified by hypertension, the CVD mortality risk in prediabetes plus hypertension subjects increased significantly compared with population without prediabetes and hypertension. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios for CVD mortality in prediabetes subgroups plus hypertension were 3.33 for those diagnosed by FPG 5.6-6.0 mmol/L and 3.92 for diagnosis by FPG 6.1-6.9mmol/L, and increased to 4.16 for diagnosis by HbA1c 5.7–6.4% alone compared with the reference group. Moreover, the percentage of hypertension in prediabetes subjects was high (60.4%), but the awareness, treatment and control rates were far from satisfactory (45.3%, 35.1% and 4.8%, respectively).
Conclusions
The prevalence of prediabetes remains high in northeast China, and the CVD mortality was elevated significantly in prediabetes coexistent with hypertension. Considering the high percentage and low control rate of hypertension in prediabetes, strategies focus on HbA1c screening, FPG lowering and blood pressure management should be emphasized in northeast China.
Atomic Insights into the Unidirectional Alignment and Orientation-Pinning Behavior of h-BN Nucleation on Ir(111)
Authors: pan jinliang , Hu Kui , Sun Luye , Wu Yangfan , Ma Sumei , Qiu Xiaohui , Zhang Yanning , Wu TongWei , Ma Chao , Zheng Yi , Liu Mengxi
Published: July 2023

The epitaxial growth of wafer-scale single-crystalline two-dimensional materials requires precise control over the crystallographic orientation and morphology of clusters formed during the initial stages of nucleation. However, there is limited knowledge about the critical nucleus and its growth mechanism for h-BN on high-symmetry surfaces of transition metals. In this study, we provide atomic insights into h-BN nucleation on Ir(111) using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM), corraborated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The atomic-resolved structural characterization reveals that the smallest h-BN cluster, exhibiting a non-1:1 stoichiometric ratio of boron and nitrogen atoms, maintains a triangular shape with zigzag-type edges. Through AFM force spectroscopy, individual B and N atoms within the cluster, as well as the N-termination edge, are clearly identified. The achievement of elemental sensitivity at the atomic scale is attributed to the chemical reactivity of the metallic tip. The local registry of h-BN nuclei that align with the prevailing crystalline orientation is consistently identified as NtopBhcp. Despite DFT calculations indicating the energetically favorable NtopBfcc configuration for larger h-BN clusters, the alignment of the nuclei with respect to the underlying substrate remains unchanged throughout the growth of the clusters. This orientation pinning behavior, which impeding the rotational alignment of nuclei following the formation of initial clusters during the early stages of nucleation, presents a valuable avenue for exploring the large-scale growth of binary and ternary materials.
Hospitalization and Readmission After Single Level Fall: A Population-Based Sample
Authors: Cook Alan , Swindall Rebecca , Spencer Katherine , Wadle Carly , Cage S. Andrew , Mohiuddin Musharaf , Desai Yagnesh , Norwood Scott
Published: July 2023

Background
Single level falls (SLFs) in the older U.S. population is a leading cause of hospital admission and rates are increasing. Unscheduled hospital readmission is regarded as a quality-of-care indication and a preventable burden on healthcare systems. We aimed to characterize the predictors of 30-day readmission following admission for SLF injuries among patients 65 years and older.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Readmission Database from 2018 to 2019. Included patients were 65 and older, admitted emergently following a SLF with a primary injury diagnosis. Hierarchical logit regression was used to model factors associated with readmission within 30 days of discharge.
Results
Of 1,338,905 trauma patients, 65 years of age or older, 61.3% had a single-level fall as the mechanism of injury. Among fallers, the average age was 81.1 years and 68.5% were female. SLF patients underwent more major therapeutic procedures (56.3% vs. 48.2%), spent over 2 million days in the hospital and incurred total charges of over $28 billion annually. Over 11% of SLF patients were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Transfer to short-term hospital, brain and vascular injuries were independent predictors of 30-day readmission in multivariable analysis, (OR 2.45, 1.25, and 1.41, respectively). Palliative care consultation was protective, (OR 0.41). The subsequent hospitalizations among those 30-day readmissions were primarily emergent (92.9%), consumed 260,876 hospital days and a total of $2.75 billion annually.
Conclusions
SLFs exact costs to patients, health systems, and society. Transfer to short-term hospitals at discharge, along with brain and vascular injuries were strong predictors of 30-day readmission and warrant mitigation strategy development with consideration of expanded palliative care consultation.
Small Intestinal Polyp Burden in Pediatric Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
Authors: Jeremy Stewart , Nathan Fleishman , Vincent Staggs , Mike Thomson , Nicole Stoecklein , Lawson Caitlin , Washburn Michael , Umar Shahid , Attard Thomas
Published: July 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Responding to the real problem of sustainable resuscitation competency with real assessment. Mixed-methods evaluation of an authentic assessment program
Authors: Thompson James , Verrall Claire , Bogaardt Hans , Thirumanickam Abi , Marley Charles , Boyle Malcolm
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The sustainability of resuscitation skills is a widespread concern, with a rapid decay in competence following training reported in many health disciplines. Meanwhile, training programs continue to be disconnected with real-world expectations, and teaching and assessment designs remain in conflict with the evidence for sustainable learning. This study aimed to evaluate a programmatic assessment pedagogy employing entrustable professional activities (EPAs) and the principles of authentic and sustainable assessment.
Methods: We conducted a prospective mixed-methods sequential explanatory study to understand and address the sustainable learning challenges faced by final-year undergraduate paramedic students. We introduced a program of five authentic assessment episodes based on actual resuscitation cases, each integrating contextual elements that featured in these real-life events. The student-tutor consensus assessment (STCA) tool was configured to encapsulate an entrustable professional activities (EPA) framework. Each test produced dual results: a student-led grading component and an assessor score based on the level of trust they attributed the student to work unsupervised and meet with the expectations of the workplace. Students and assessors were surveyed about their experiences with the assessment methodologies and asked to evaluate the program using the Ottawa Good Assessment Criteria.
Results: Eighty-four students participated in five test events, generating both assessor-only and student-led STCA results. There was a reported mean score increase of 9% across the five tests and an 18% reduction in borderline or below scores. No statistical significance was observed among the scores from eight assessors across 420 unique tests. The mean student consensus remained above 91% in all 420 tests. Both student and assessor participant groups expressed broad agreement that the Ottawa criteria were well-represented in the design, and they shared their preference for the authentic methodology over traditional approaches.
Conclusion: In addition to confirming local sustainability issues, this study has highlighted the validity and reliability concerns that exist with conventional resuscitation training designs. We have successfully demonstrated an alternative pedagogy which responds to these concerns, and which embodies the principles of sustainable learning, quality in assessment practice, and the real-world expectations of professionals.
Identification of a Combined Immune- and Metabolism- Related Prognostic Signature for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xia Zhinan , Dong Yu , Xu Shenhao , Liu Bing , Liao Jiahao , Guo Wei , Wang Shuwen , Cui Zhiming , Wang Xingyuan , Zheng Yichun , Zhang Cheng
Published: July 2023

A typically observed form of malignancy within the urological system is clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) which is the major histological subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that develops from the proximal convoluted tubules. Despite ongoing efforts to develop effective treatments for ccRCC, it remains a significant challenge in the field of oncology, and further studies are required to fully understand this complex disease. Tumor biology has recently shown increasing interest in immune evasion and metabolic reprogramming, which are crucial to tumor initiation and progression. Despite this, an all-inclusive analysis of genes linked to combined metabolism and immunity in ccRCC is not yet available. This study establishes a prognostic signature that relates to the tumor microenvironment (TME) by utilizing nine immune- and metabolism-related genes (IMRGs). The findings of the study revealed that the IMRGs-based prognostic signature excelled over previously published signatures that relied solely on either immune- or metabolism-related genes to predict ccRCC outcomes, thus underscoring its robustness and reliability. Furthermore, a predictive tool in the form of a nomogram was developed, utilizing both the IMRGs prognostic signature and a range of clinical parameters. The differences observed in immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, and immunophenoscore (IPS) between the high- and low-risk groups classified by our model were significantly notable. It can be concluded that the IMRGs signature holds immense potential for accurately predicting prognostic risks, evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy, and facilitating personalized treatment regimens for patients with ccRCC.
Automatic Placement of Simulated Dental Implants Within CBCT Images in Optimum Positions: A Deep Learning Model
Authors: Alotaibi Shahd , Alsomali Mona , Alghamdi Shatha , Alfadda Sara , Alturaiki Isra , Al-Ekrish Asma’a , Altwaijry Najwa
Published: July 2023

The increasing use of three-dimensional scans in dentistry motivates the use of artificial intelligence systems in several clinical scopes. One of these scopes is implant dentistry, which is a complex process with multiple criteria of success. The dentist analyzes cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and formulates a detailed implant treatment plan by specifying the length, diameter, position, and angulation of implants while considering the prosthodontic treatment plan, bone morphology, and position of adjacent vital anatomical structures. A supervised deep learning model was built to determine the optimum implant position, angulation, diameter, and length as dictated by prosthetic and anatomical requirements. The main goal of building this model was to facilitate the planning procedure and reduce the planning time of implant treatment, especially in multiple implant cases. This study had two phases; the first was detecting and placing a bounding box around the fiducial markers and adjacent bone within the CBCT images by training YOLOv3 model. The second phase trained six deep regression models to extract the apical and occlusal coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the implants; each model predicted one target value. In addition, two deep classification models were developed for predicting the implants’ intra-osseous length and intra-osseous diameter. After testing these models, YOLOv3 in the first phase showed 46.78\% average precision; in the regression model, the mean absolute error ranged from 11.931 to 15.954, and the classification of the intra-osseous diameter showed 76\% accuracy, and the intra-osseous length showed 59\% accuracy. A subjective assessment by an expert prosthodontist found the results to be promising regarding selection of implant size, and mesiodistal placement of the implants. However, angulation and vertical and bucco-lingual position of the implants was unacceptable. Thus, further investigations and model training are required to improve the accuracy of the output.
Perceptions and attitudes toward kidney supportive care among Elderly dialysis patients and medical staff in China：A Qualitative Study
Authors: Li Xue , Luo Jinkai
Published: July 2023

Purpose: kidney supportive care is an newly developing palliative care strategy in the field of kidney disease .To measure the cognition and attitude of dialysis doctors, nurses and elderly patients towards supportive care for patients with end-stage renal disease in China, and to provide support for the implementation of this strategy.
Methods: With a phenomenological method, this qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to interview 18 elderly dialysis patients and 10 medical staff in two Class ⅲ Grade A hospitals, and Colaizzi's method was used to conduct coding analysis of the interview results.
Results : We conducted separate interviews with patients and nurses to refine different themes for different groups.For elderly dialysis patients, three themes emerged：（1）Lack of awareness of access to kidney supportive care（2）Hard to accept the kidney supportive care（3）Willing to use the kidney supportive care.For dialysis medical staff , two themes were analyzed：（1）Kidney supportive care has potential clinical value、（2）Practical promotion and application are faced with multiple difficulties.
Conclusions: Our findings provide a comprehensive perspective to measure the recognition of kidney supportive care among patients and medical workers in China.Under the influence of traditional Chinese culture, there are many difficulties in the promotion and application of kidney supportive care in our country.Although the dialysis physicians and nurses expressed the support for kidney supportive care, the patients' Perceptions of this treatment mode was insufficient at present, and it should be further developed based on the actual medical conditions .
Infant diarrheal disease impedes maturation of the microbiome and is linked to a diverse set of novel yet to be cultured Campylobacter species.
Authors: Messaoudi Ilhem , Rhoades Nicholas , Cinco Isaac , Hendrickson Sara , Prongay Kamm , Haertel Andrew , Flores Gilberto , Slifka Mark
Published: July 2023

Diarrheal diseases remain one of the leading causes of death for children under 5 globally, disproportionately impacting those living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Campylobacter spp. is a zoonotic pathogen found in many animal species and is one of the leading causes of food-borne infection in humans, and yet to be cultured Campylobactercontribute to the total burden in diarrheal disease in LMIC children thus hampering interventions. We performed microbiome profiling and metagenomic genome assembly on samples collected from over 100 infant rhesus macaques longitudinally and during cases of clinical diarrhea within the first year of life. Acute diarrhea was associated with taxonomic and functional shifts of the infant gut microbiome and resulted in a chronic state of microbiome immaturity well beyond the resolution of symptoms. One of the major drivers of these changes was the increased relative abundance of Campylobacter which we investigated further using metagenomic assembled genomes (MAGs). We constructed 36 CampylobacterMAGs, many of which fell within 4 yet to be cultured species. Finally, we used the uncultured Campylobacter MAGs assembled from infant macaques with publicly available human metagenomes to show that these uncultured species are also found in human fecal samples from LMIC. These data highlight the importance unculturable Campylobacter spp. as an important target for reducing disease burden in LMIC children.
Inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling using BKM120 reduced the proliferation and migration potentials of colorectal cancer cells and enhanced Cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity
Authors: Khameneh Sepideh Chodary , Sari Soyar , Razi Sara , Yousefi Amir-Mohammad , Bashash Davood
Published: July 2023

Background: Although extensive efforts have been made to improve the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, the prognosis for these patients remains poor. A wide range of anti-cancer agents has been applied to ameliorate the clinical management of CRC patients; however, drug resistance develops in nearly all patients. Based on the prominent role of PI3K/AKT signaling in the development of CRC and current interest in the application of PI3K inhibitors, we aimed to disclose the exact mechanism underlying the efficacy of BKM120, a well-known pan-class I PI3K inhibitor, in CRC-derived SW480 cells.
Materials and Methods: The effects of BKM120 on SW480 cells were studied using MTT assay, cell cycle assay, Annexin V/PI apoptosis tests, and scratch assay. In the next step, qRT-PCR was used to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the PI3K inhibitor could suppress the survival of SW480 cells.
Result: The results of the MTT assay showed that BKM120 could decrease the metabolic activity of SW480 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Investigating the exact mechanism of BKM120 showed that this PI3K inhibitor induces its anti-survival effects through a G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-mediated cell death.
Moreover, the scratch assay demonstrated that PI3K inhibition led to the inhibition of cancer invasion and inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling remarkably sensitized SW480 cells to Cisplatin.
Conclusion: Based on our results, inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling can be a promising approach, either as a single modality or in combination with Cisplatin. However, further clinical studies should be performed to improve our understanding.
BRAF D594A mutation defines a unique biological and immuno-modulatory subgroup associated with functional CD8+ T cell infiltration in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Wenjing , Zhao Chenyi , Li Wenhui , Gong Yang , Ma Kaili , Lu Yujie , Liu Xiaowei , Zhang Lianjun , Guo Feng
Published: July 2023

Background BRAF non-V600 mutation occupies a relatively small but critical subset in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, little is known about the biological functions and impacts of BRAF class III mutation in CRC. Here, we aim to explore how D594A mutation impacts on biological behaviors and immune related signatures in murine CRC cells.
Methods BRAF V600E (class I), G469V (class II) and D594A (class III) mutant cell lines were established based on MC38 cells. The biological behaviors of cells were evaluated in respect of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell migration and invasion by the methods of colony-forming assay, CCK-8 assay, Annexin V/PI staning and transwell assay. The concentration of soluble cytokines were detected by ELISA. The membrane expression of immuno-modulatory molecules and the pattern of tumor infiltrating lymphocyte were evaluated by flow cytometry. The molecular mechanism was explored by RNA sequencing. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was used for the detection of CD8α in tumor tissues. qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to assess the mRNA and protein expression. Anti-PD-L1 treatment and cytokines neutralization experiments were conducted in in vivo models.
Results D594A mutant cells displayed lower grade malignancy characteristics than V600E (class I) and G469V (class II) mutant cells. Meanwhile, D594A mutation led to evident immuno-modulatory features including upregulation of MHC Class I and PD-L1. In vivo experiments displayed that the frequency of infiltrated CD8+ T cells was significantly high within D594A mutant tumors, which may provide potential response to anti-PD-L1 therapy. RNA sequencing analysis showed that D594A mutation led to enhanced expression of ATF3 and THBS1, which thus facilitated CXCL9 and CXCL10 production upon IFN-γ treatment. In addition, CXCL9 or CXCL10 neutralization reduced the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into THBS1-overexpressing tumors.
Conclusion D594A mutant CRC exhibited lower aggressiveness and immune-activated phenotype. ATF3-THBS1-CXCL9/CXCL10 axis mediated functional CD8+ T cells infiltration into the microenvironment of D594A mutant CRC. Our present study is helpful to define this mutation in CRC and provide important insights in designing effective immunotherapeutic strategies in clinic.
Accuracy of Pancreatic Stone Protein for diagnosis of sepsis in children admitted to pediatric intensive care or high-dependency care: a pilot study
Authors: Bottari Gabriella , Caruso Mariangela , Paionni Emanuel , De Luca Maia , Romani Lorenza , Pisani Mara , Grandin Annalisa , Gargiullo Livia , Zampini Giorgio , Gagliardi Chiara , Fegatelli Danilo Alunni , Vestri Annarita , Lancella Laura , Porzio Ottavia , Muda Andrea Onetti , Villani Alberto , Atti Marta Ciofi Degli , Raponi Massimiliano , Cecchetti Corrado
Published: July 2023

Background
Pancreatic Stone Protein (PSP) is one of the most promising diagnostic and prognostic marker. The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of PSP, compared to C-Reactive Protein (CRP), and Procalcitonin (PCT) for diagnosis of sepsis in pediatric patients. Furthermore, we explored the correlation of PSP levels with sepsis severity and organ failure measured with PELOD-2 score.
Methods
40 pediatric patients were enrolled following admission to pediatric intensive care, high dependency care or pediatric ward. Blood levels of PSP were measured in Emergency Department (nanofluidic point-of-care immunoassay; abioSCOPE, Abionic SA, Switzerland) on day 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 from the onset of the clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis or SIRS. Inclusion criteria were: 1) patient age (1 month to 18 years old), 2) signs and symptoms of SIRS, irrespective of association with organ dysfunction. Exclusion criteria were: 1) hemato-oncological diseases and/or immunodeficiencies, 2) pancreatic diseases.
Results
Septic patients showed higher PSP levels than patients with systemic inflammation of no infectious etiology. The optimal cut off in diagnosis of sepsis for PSP at day 1 was 167 ng/ml resulted in a sensitivity 59% (95% IC 36% − 79%) and a specificity 83% (95% IC 58%-96%) with an AUC of 0.636 for PSP in comparison AUC of 0.722 for PCT and 0.503 for C-RP. ROC analysis for outcome (survival versus no survival) has showed AUC 0.814 for PSP; AUC 0.814 for PCT; AUC of 0.657 for C-RP.
Conclusions
PSP could distinguish sepsis cases versus systemic inflammation of no infective etiology; however, our results need to be confirmed in larger pediatric population.
Synthesis of 6,6-Dimethyl-3-azabicyclo [3.1.0]hexane via Ru (II)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclopropanation
Authors: Li Yu , Ma Yujie , Cheng Shihao , Dong Chenhu , Zhong Xueer , Xu Jun , Zhao Yu
Published: July 2023

6,6-Dimethyl-3-azabicyclo [3.1.0]hexane (6,6-DMABH) is a fundamental building block in numerous antiviral drugs, including boceprevir and pf-07321332. To enable more efficient synthesis of 6,6-DMABH, we developed an innovative approach that utilizes the intramolecular cyclopropanation of alpha-diazoacetates via Ru (II) catalysis and Gabriel synthesis. Our method enabled the synthesis of 6,6-DMABH from 3-methyl-2-butenol in seven distinct steps, yielding a total of 28%.
Scientificly Based Irrigation Procedure of Cotton and Winter Wheat in Different Soil and Hydrogeological Conditions of the Kashadarya Region of Uzbekistan
Authors: Khamidov Mukhammadkhon , Matyakubov Bakhtiyar Sh. , Gadaev Nodir N. , Isabaev Kasymbek , Juraev Umid A.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to analyze the monitoring data of irrigated land in the agrometeorological conditions of Kashkadarya region and CropWat 8.0. is to estimate and compare actual daily evapotranspiration (ETo) and seasonal irrigation rates of cotton and spring wheat using the model. These studies were conducted in experimental fields located in the main agricultural production zone of Kashkadarya. At the time of global climate change, and in order to prevent the decrease in the yield and quality of agricultural crops due to the lack of irrigation water compared to the crop demand, taking into account the water demand of cotton and winter wheat grown in Kashkadarya region, using the weather station data, the seasonal irrigation standard FAO methodology using the CropWat 8.0 program, the mechanical composition of the soil, the depth and mineralization of seepage water, and the values of the plant coefficient for the stages of cotton development were determined. In addition, scientifically based irrigation methods of water-saving irrigation technology of cotton and winter wheat were developed for the conditions of the Kashkadarya region according to the generally accepted hydromodule regions. Based on the developed software, the seasonal irrigation norms of cotton and winter wheat were 3500–6900 (cotton) and 2000–3400 (winter wheat) m3/ha in hydromodule regions. These values were compared with the results obtained from field experiments. The results of the study showed that the ETo values calculated by the method based on the CropWat model compared with the values obtained from field experiments, the difference was ± 8–10%.
Proof of concept for a biologic closure device in a rodent model with evaluation of the animals’ overall burden
Authors: Weidemann Friederike , Strauß Sarah , Schlottmann Frederik , Fedchenko Mykola , Reifenrath Janin , Dorothea Daentzer
Published: July 2023

Disk herniation is a common disease in the population. In case of relevant neurologic deficits and/or pain syndrome a surgical approach is necessary. Therefore, an incision has to be made in the outer ring of the disk to remove all parts of the prolapse. To date, a reliable closure device is missing and a recurrent herniation after a pain free interval is a postoperative problem well-known in spine surgeons. The current study works on proof of concept and is the first which discusses cocoon silk as a possible closure material in intervertebral disk defects in a rat model. In addition, the burden of each animal due to the surgical procedure has been evaluated by Von Frey-filament testing and stress evaluation. The rats represented no or only minor stress response. In the filament testing the animals showed low-grade reactions in general as well. In the histological examination, inflammatory tissue response was detected directly to the silk, predominantly associated with macrophage. In some areas, cell death was visible. These reactions might be associated with remaining particles of the egg, not the silk itself. Further investigations would be necessary to overcome this problem.
Identification and analysis of transcription factor encoding CBF1/ DREB1B gene in Viola tricolor L
Authors: nezami Elyas , deljou Ali
Published: July 2023

Transcription factors belonging to the CBF/ DREB1 (C-repeat binding factor/ Dehydration-Responsive Element Binding Protein B) gene family along with 3 other independent regulatory systems in plants (MYB, MYC and bZIP) play a significant role in activation of genes responding to environmental stresses including cold, heat, salinity and drought. In this study, in order to identify one of the genes of CBF family called CBF1 / DREB1B in the genome of Viola tricolor L., plants were subjected to temperature treatment at 4°C for 2 hours. Total RNA was extracted from viola leaves and used for cDNA synthesis. The presence of the gene in the V. tricolor genome was confirmed via PCR on cDNA, followed by sequencing of the resulting PCR fragments. The 573-nucleotide sequence identified, considering the significant conservation reported in the gene and protein sequence of the CBF gene family, as expected, revealed a high degree of sequence homology and conservation to the CBFs identified in taxonomically close and even far species with V. tricolor. The structure and phylogenetic status of the V. tricolor CBF1 was analyzed based on the identified region and the evolutionarily closest plant species were determined according to the nucleotide and protein sequence of this gene.
Leveraging Generative AI to Prioritize Drug Repurposing Candidates: Validating Identified Candidates for Alzheimer's Disease in Real-World Clinical Datasets
Authors: Wei Wei-Qi , Yan Chao , Grabowska Monika , Dickson Alyson , Li Bingshan , Wen Zhexing , Roden Dan , Stein C. , Embí Peter , Peterson Josh , Feng QiPing , Malin Bradley
Published: July 2023

Drug repurposing represents an attractive alternative to the costly and time-consuming process of new drug development, particularly for serious, widespread conditions with limited effective treatments, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Emerging generative artificial intelligence (GAI) technologies like ChatGPT offer the promise of expediting the review and summary of scientific knowledge. To examine the feasibility of using GAI for identifying drug repurposing candidates, we iteratively tasked ChatGPT with proposing the twenty most promising drugs for repurposing in AD, and tested the top ten for risk of incident AD in exposed and unexposed individuals over age 65 in two large clinical datasets: 1) Vanderbilt University Medical Center and 2) the All of Us Research Program. Among the candidates suggested by ChatGPT, metformin, simvastatin, and losartan were associated with lower AD risk in meta-analysis. These findings suggest GAI technologies can assimilate scientific insights from an extensive Internet-based search space, helping to prioritize drug repurposing candidates and facilitate the treatment of diseases.
Exploring the Capture and Desorption of CO2 on Graphene Oxide Foams Supported by Computational Calculations
Authors: Hoyos B. E. Arango , Franco-Osorio H. , Gómez E. K. Valencia , Sánchez J. Guerrero , Palominos A. P. Del Canto , Benavides F. A. Larraín , Barragán J. J. Prías
Published: July 2023

In the last decade, the highest levels of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere have been recorded, with carbon dioxide (CO2) being one of the GHGs that most concerns mankind due to the rate at which it is generated on the planet. Given its long time of permanence in the atmosphere (between 100 to 150 years); this has deployed research in the scientific field focused on the absorption and desorption of CO2 in the atmosphere. This work presents the study of CO2 adsorption employing materials based on graphene oxide (GO), such as GO foams with different oxidation percentages (3.00%, 5.25%, and 9.00%) in their structure, obtained via an environmentally friendly method. The characterization of CO2 adsorption was carried out in a closed system, within which were placed the GO foams and other CO2 adsorbent materials (zeolite and silica gel). Through a controlled chemical reaction, production of CO2 was conducted to obtain CO2 concentration curves inside the system and calculate from these the efficiency, yield, and effectiveness of CO2 adsorption of the materials under study. The results obtained suggest that GO foams are a promising material for carbon capture and the future development of a new clean technology, given their highest CO2 adsorption efficiency and yield.
The Median Isn’t the Message: Elucidating Soil Nutrient Hot Spots
Authors: Barnes Morgan , Johnson Dale W. , Hart Stephen C.
Published: July 2023

Soil nutrient distribution is heterogeneous in space and time, potentially altering nutrient acquisition by trees and microorganisms. Ecologists have distinguished “hot spots” (HSs) as areas with enhanced and sustained rates of nutrient fluxes relative to the surrounding soil matrix. We evaluated the spatial and temporal patterns in nutrient flux HSs in two mixed-conifer forest soils by repeatedly sampling the soil solution at the same spatial locations (horizontally and vertically) over multiple seasons and years using ion exchange resins incubated in situ. The climate of these forests is Mediterranean, with intense fall rains occurring following summers with little precipitation, and highly variable winter snowfall. Hot spots formed most often for NO3- and Na+. Although nutrient HSs often occurred in the same spatial location multiple times, HSs persisted more often for NO3-, NH4+, and PO43- and were more transient for Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. Sampling year (annual precipitation ranged from 701 to 1216 mm) impacted the occurrence of HSs for most nutrients, but season was only significant for PO43-, NH4+, NO3-, and Na+, with HSs forming more often after fall rains than spring snowmelt. The frequency of HSs significantly decreased with soil depth for all nutrients, forming most commonly immediately below the surficial organic horizon. Although HSs accounted for less than 17% of the sampling volume, they were responsible for 56-88% of PO43-, NH4+, and NO3- fluxes. Our results suggest that macronutrient HSs have a disproportional contribution to soil biogeochemical structure, with implications for vegetation nutrient acquisition strategies and biogeochemical models.