bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations of Young Adult Intelligence, Education, Height, and Body Mass Index with Subsequent Risk of Parkinson’s Disease and Survival: A Danish Cohort Study
Authors: Osler Merete , Okholm Gunhild Tidemann , Villumsen Marie , Rozing Maarten Pieter , Jørgensen Terese Sara Høj
Published: February 2022

Background:

The underlying disease mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are still unknown and knowledge about risk and prognostic factors is sparse.

Objective:

To examine the association between intelligence, education, body height, and body mass index (BMI) in young adulthood and risk of PD and subsequent survival.

Methods:

In total, 656,751 men born 1939–1959 with information from conscription examinations around age 19 years were followed for PD and mortality from 1977–2018 in Danish registries. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to conduct the analyses.

Results:

During follow-up, 5,264 (0.8%) men were diagnosed with PD. Higher intelligence, education, and body height conferred a higher hazard of PD, independent of age at disease onset. BMI above compared to below the mean (22.8 kg/m2) was associated with slightly higher hazard of late-onset PD (>60 years). During follow-up, 2,125 (40.5%) men with PD died, corresponding to a 2.55 (95% confidence interval:2.44–2.66) times higher mortality compared to men without PD. Intelligence was inversely associated with mortality in men with and without PD. Higher education and body height were also inversely associated with mortality in men without PD, whereas the estimates were less pronounced and imprecisely estimated for men with PD. Having an obese BMI was associated with higher mortality in men with PD.

Conclusion:

Intelligence, education, and body height in young adulthood are positively associated with risk of PD later in life among men. BMI above the mean only confer a higher risk for late-onset PD. For men diagnosed with PD, high intelligence is the only early life indicator associated with better survival, whereas obese BMI predicts poorer survival.
Beyond the garden: The complexity of “global and individual living” at the heart of the international commitment towards a healthy, more resilient and fairer society
Authors: Dimasi Luca
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: The right to fully enjoy the highest possible state of health is certainly nothing new in the agenda of the world’s governments, and yet today it becomes a top priority not just in the restructuring of the health care system, but also in the promotion of multi-sector policies aimed at fostering and safeguarding the potential of every individual to achieve what could be defined, in general terms, as “common good”. OBJECTIVE: The current paper aimed at singling out the most useful strategies to promoting and achieving a healthy, more resilient and fairer society. METHODS : Starting from principles 1 and 14 of the Declaration of Rome, the aim was to analyse and develop the concepts of resilience and health, questioning their possible future variations against the background of the current health emergency and the increasingly radical widespread use of new technologies as universally-applied and cross-sectional tools for human progress. RESULTS: The “health for all” objective can only be achieved if we act on three key aspects: 1. Adding life to years; 2. Adding life to life; 3. Adding years to life. CONCLUSIONS: Each individual should raise their health awareness as a key resource to leading a fulfilling existence and to developing the required qualities to fully tap into health possibilities – whether integral or residual – to tackle life.
Life style, dietary patterns and physical activity in different obesity phenotypes of 2–18 year old children in Tabriz, Iran
Authors: Taghizadeh Shahnaz , Suksatan Wanich , Shalaby Mohammed Nader , Abbasalizad-Farhangi Mahdieh , Hojati Ali
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the eating habits, physical activity, and body size perception by obesity status among 2–18 year old children in Iran. METHODS: This cross sectional study included 250 children and adolescents aged between 2 and 18. Participants’ anthropometric measurements were measured, adherence of Mediterranean Diet was evaluated by a questionnaire, the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents (KIDMED), body satisfaction, and perception of body size. RESULTS: Mean age of subjects was 9.07±4.80 years, and 52.4% were girls. The KIDMED index score was 16.3% low, 54.3% moderate and 29.4% good. 72.7% of parents with overweight children and 36.4% with obese children, were perceived that their child was normal, and compared with 58.3% of overweight and 7.7% of obese participants perceived normal body size. There were no significant differences between physical activity in any weight status (p > 0.05) and between boys and girls in the KIDMED index and any of foods intake. There was a significant difference in mean differences of KIDMED index in boys in the four obesity statuses (P = 0.04), as well as in food consumption (P = 0.04), except for pulses in boys and girls. CONCLUSION: The percentage of obesity in boys is more compared to girls, the lowest KIDMED index score is for boys in the obesity group. Therefore, adopting healthier dietary habits and lifestyle in childhood is especially important for boys and also for girls. Registration number: IR.TBZMED.REC.1400.880
Dietary intake of animal and plant proteins and risk of all cause and cause-specific mortality: The Epic-Italy cohort
Authors: Fontana Luigi , Sieri Sabina , Ricceri Fulvio , Agnoli Claudia , Pala Valeria , Masala Giovanna , Saieva Calogero , Catalano Alberto , Macciotta Alessandra , Tumino Rosario , Panico Salvatore , De Magistris Maria Santucci , Krogh Vittorio
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND:

To examine the associations of animal and plant protein intake with all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality risk in middle-aged Italian men and women with substantially lower animal protein intake than North Americans.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

Food consumption was assessed by validated Epic semiquantitative FFQs. Multivariable Cox models stratified by center, age, and sex, and adjusted for confounders, estimated associations of animal and plant protein consumption with mortality for all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. After a median follow-up of 15.2 years, 2,449 deaths were identified in 45,009 participants. No significant association between intake of total, animal or plant protein and mortality was found in the fully adjusted models. Substitution of plant protein for animal protein was inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24–0.92) only in people with at least 1 unhealthy lifestyle risk factor and poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Participants in the highest quintile group of animal protein intake had higher glucose, total and LDL cholesterol levels than those in the lowest quintile. In contrast, higher plant protein intake was negatively associated with fasting insulin and cholesterol, despite higher BMI, physical inactivity and starch consumption.

CONCLUSIONS:

Replacing plant protein for animal protein was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality among individuals with unhealthy lifestyle risk factors. High animal but not plant protein intake is associated with impaired fasting glucose and hypercholesterolemia, despite lower calorie and carbohydrate intake, suggesting that protein source plays crucial roles in modulating cardiometabolic health independently of body weight.
Color-map virtual touch tissue imaging (CMV) combined with BI-RADS for the diagnosis of breast lesions
Authors: Lian Kai-Mei , Lin Teng
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the importance of color-map virtual touch tissue imaging (CMV) in assisting Breast Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (BI-RADS) in diagnosing malignant breast lesions. METHODS: A dataset included 134 patients and 146 breast lesions was assembled. All patients underwent biopsy or surgical excision of breast lesions, and pathological results were obtained. All patients with breast lesions also underwent conventional ultrasound (US) and CMV. Each lesion was assigned a CMV score based on the color pattern of the lesion and surrounding breast tissue and a BI-RADS classification rating based on US characteristics. We compared the diagnostic performance of using BI-RADS and CMV separately and their combination. RESULTS: BI-RADS (odds ratio [OR]: 3.665; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.147, 6.258) and CMV (OR: 6.616; 95% CI: 2.272, 19.270) were independent predictors of breast malignancy (all P < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for either CMV or BI-RADS alone was inferior to that of the combination (0.877 vs. 0.962; 0.938 vs. 0.962; all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The performance of BI-RADS in diagnosing breast lesions is significantly improved by combining CMV. Therefore, we recommend CMV as an adjunct to BI-RADS.
Discriminación en el condicionamiento del sobresalto potenciado por el miedo en humanos
Authors: Pinto Jorge A. , Becerra Sebastián A.
Published: February 2022

In a fear-potentiated startle experiment, participants were trained in a discrimination task where image A was paired with an electrical pulse, while another image, B, presented itself (i.e., A+ B-). In a test, the startle response, measured as an eyeblink, was evaluated by presenting an air-puff or white noise in the presence or absence of images A and B. The results show a greater eyeblink to the air-puff in the presence of A than in the presence of B, and in the absence of any stimulus, only in those participants who perceived the electrical pulse as highly painful. In conclusion, these findings suggest that conditioned fear is linearly related to the intensity of the electrical pulse.
Does being ethical make you happier?
Authors: Gama Fábio Júnior Clemente , Quinet de Andrade Bastos Suzana , Assis Tiana de Paula
Published: February 2022

This paper proposes a contemporary assessment of Aristotle’s discussion of ethics and happiness for 11 large cultural groups. Our study adopts the division of cultural regions proposed by Fellmann et al. (1997) and World Value Survey’s subjective well-being and virtues data of 60.000 individuals for 55 countries between 2010 to 2014. The binary response model (probit) has life satisfaction as the dependent variable and as explanatory variables a group of ethical virtues. Such ethical virtues explore the perception that individuals have on issues related to humanitarianism, race, religion, and tax behavior; while intellectual virtues look at art, music, and education. Our results show that jointly (globally), countries presenting the virtues proposed by Aristotle is positively correlated with happiness. Additionally, our regional estimates suggest that cultural factors may influence which ethical values and behaviors are relevant to our level of life satisfaction in each macroregion.
The reinstatement of operant behavior is reduced by the retrieval-extinction paradigm
Authors: Mason Tere A. , Bernal-Gamboa Rodolfo , Nieto Javier
Published: February 2022

An experiment with rats was conducted in order to analyze the impact of the retrieval-extinction paradigm on the reinstatement of operant behaviors. In the first phase of the experiment, subjects were trained to press a lever for food. Then, in Phase 2, the Extinction Group received the typical extinction procedure, whereas the Retrieval Group was exposed to the retrieval-extinction paradigm (i.e., a brief extinction session, followed by a retention interval, and then a longer extinction session). Finally, all rats were tested twice. The first test was carried out immediately after the last extinction session, while the second test took place after a single session of re-exposure to the food. We found lower levels of reinstatement in the Retrieval Group.
Emancipación teórica de la práctica contable, como técnica para el cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible - ODS
Authors: Amézquita Medina Claudia E.
Published: February 2022

Se pretende una conciliación paradigmática como mecanismo regulador entre las intersubjetividades que se generan a partir de la aplicación de normas internacionales de información financiera, que permitan garantizar informes de alta calidad ética, aplicando métodos científicos que den fe pública del bien común y de la sostenibilidad de la vida en un planeta sano, libre de corrupción. El método empleado para el desarrollo subyace al análisis etnográfico que ha de realizarse sobre un número indeterminado de prácticas empresariales, donde se ponen a prueba los prototipos de los registros contables, para dar cumplimiento a los ODS.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN ZAT GIZI NUGGET IKAN KURISI (Nemipterus Nematophorus) SUBTITUSI BUAH LAMUN (Enhalus Acoroides) UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI MASALAH GIZI PADA MASYARAKAT PULAU
Authors: A. Ibrahim Irviani , Bujawati Emmi , Mirnawati Mirnawati
Published: February 2022

Background: Nugget is a popular food and fancied by community in various age groups, including school-age children and It is one of the most favorite and trendy foods. The raw materials used in nuggets in this study are Kurisi fish (Nemipterus nematophorus) and seagrass (Enhalus acoroides). The study is aimed at determining the nutrient contents (carbohydrate, protein, fat, calcium, Fe, and Phenol) and organoleptic test on kurisi fish nugget (Nemipterus nematophorus) substitute product of seagrass (Enhalus acoroides).Method: The design type of the research is complete randomized design as it is applied to experiments conducted in a homogeneous environment and the research approach used is an experimental approach using true-experimental design. Methods used for the treatment of kurisi fish (Nemipterus nematophorus) and seagrass (Enhalus acoroides) by comparing the experimental group 1:0 (100 gr kurisi fish), 3:1 (75 gr of fish and 25 gr seagrass), 1:1 (50 gr fish and 50 gr seagrass), and 1:3 (25 gr fish and 75 gr seagrass).Result: The results reveal that 4 different concentration treatments are conducted by adding the seagrass (Enhalus acoroides) i.e. 1: 0:1: 1:3: 1 and 1:3 with 3 repetitions. The results of carbohydrate are 32.35%, protein 13.74%, fat 14.04%, calcium 33.03 ug/g, Fe 35.24 ug/g and Phenol 2699.47 ug/g. The most favorable organoleptic test and good quality is 1:0 treatment. Keywords: Nugget, Kurisi Fish (Nemipterus nematophorus), Seagrass (Enhalus acoroides), Nutrition
Market Hog Project Financial Considerations
Authors: Schortinghouse Alyssa , Estevez Brian , Carr Chad , Simmons Nicholas
Published: February 2022

The aim of this new 6-page document is to introduce the financial considerations for a market hog project, to maximize profits for the project and to demystify the unexpected expenses that are often incurred. Secondarily, this document is designed to serve as a guide in creating a market hog project budget. The audience for this document includes youth interested in or participating in a market hog project, their families, and other interested parties. Written by Alyssa Schortinghouse, Brian Estevez, Chad Carr, and Nick Simmons, and published by the UF/IFAS Florida 4-H Youth Development Program.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/4h426
Types of Swine Diets
Authors: Brendemuhl Joel , Myer Bob
Published: February 2022

Revised! AS-44, a 5-page fact sheet by Joel Brendemuhl and Bob Myer, provides an overview of the particular nutrient requirements of various classes of swine. Published by the UF Department of Animal Science, September 2009. Reviewed August 2012.
Estimación de costos para la producción de guayaba rosada (Psidium guajava L.) en el sur de Florida
Authors: Evans Edward , Ballen Fredy H. , Crane Jonathan H. , Blare Trent , Contreras Victor , Singh Aditya
Published: February 2022

Guava is planted thorugh the Tropics and SubTropics and has adapted to a variety of climatic conditions. Florida is the primary producer of guava in the United States. This crop is valued at $3.2 million at the packing house. The growing interest in alternative tropical crops in the last few years has led to increasing interest in this crop. This publication estimates the costs and returns from an established guava orchard in south Florida. We estimate that an established pink guava orchard will have a net return of $9065 per acre per year or $1.13 per pound of fruit sold.
Healthy Living: Are You At Risk for Diabetes?
Authors: Wittkowsky Paulina , Bobroff Linda B.
Published: February 2022

Revised! FCS8573 is a 1-page fact sheet by Paulina Wittkowsky and Linda B. Bobroff. Published by the UF Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, January 2011, with a minor revision in November 2012.
A biztonságtudatosítás lehetőségei a 21. századi platformok fényében
Authors: Dobák Imre , Babos Sándor
Published: February 2022

A biztonsági ágazat szereplői napjainkra már széles körben alkalmazzák a biztonságtudatosítás, internet világához és a  digitális platformokhoz illesztett megoldásait, amelyek  folyamatos fejlődésen mennek keresztül. Számos kutatás  ismertette az IKT-eszközök és az e-learning-megoldások  meghatározó szerepét, amelyek mellett azonban számos  területen (különösen a biztonsági területeken) a közvetlen,  személyes megoldások továbbra is kiemelt jelentőséggel  bírnak. Ennek okai között jelennek meg, hogy az IKT-környezet már önmagában is a biztonságtudatosítás és az  információbiztonság vizsgálati területeként jelenik meg  (gondoljunk csak az online oktatással párhuzamosan  felerősödő, kibertérből érkező veszélyekre, kihívásokra). A  tanulmány a biztonságtudatosítási programok belső  tartalmától, irányultságától függetlenül kívánja áttekinteni  és tipizálni a napjainkban látható megoldásokat, előtérbe  helyezve a 21. századi digitális platformok még  hatékonyabb alkalmazásának kérdéskörét, valamint a  fiatalabb generációkat is megszólító megoldások fejlődését.  A hagyományos biztonságtudatosítási  módszerek mellett a kibertérben való aktív részvétel (interakció), a speciális csoportok megszólításának  lehetősége, valamint a programok tervezésekor figyelembe  veendő módszertani szempontok feltárása  olyan területek, amelyek kutatásra érdemesek.
Histological structure and histochemical composition of the digestive tract of salema porgy, Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Teleostei: Sparidae)
Authors: Ozretić Judita , Kević Nives , Restović Ivana , Bočina Ivana
Published: February 2022

The histological structure and histochemical characteristics of the digestive tract of five specimens of salema porgy (Sarpa salpa, L.) were analysed using haematoxylin-eosin, Alcian blue/PAS and orcein-Giemsa staining techniques. The digestive system of salema porgy consists of esophagus, stomach and intestines with associated organs such as liver, pancreas and gallbladder. The wall of esophagus, stomach, intestines and gallbladder has four distinctive layers: the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscular and outer layer, serosa or adventitia. The mucosa consists of two different layers: epithelium and lamina propria. Mucosa of the upper part of the digestive system is layered by single squamous epithelium, while those of lower part of the digestive system is layered by single columnar epithelium. The submucosa is a layer made of connective tissue and blood vessels. In most parts of the digestive system the muscular layer consists of two parts: circular and longitudinal.
The exception is the muscular layer of the stomach fundus which has three layers: inner, medium and outer. The outermost layer in the esophagus is adventitia made of connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves. In the stomach, intestines and the gallbladder this layer is replaced by serosa. Histochemical analysis has shown that mucosal cells in all parts of the digestive tube contain acid mucopolysaccharides (MPS). The liver consists of hepatocytes separated by sinusoidal capillaries.
The pancreatic tissue is scattered along the liver parenchyma and along the wall of pyloric caeca. The present study is the first record on digestive system histology of salema porgy showing that it is congruent to its feeding habits.
Wittgenstein’s Turn from Models to Modeling
Authors: Krkač Kristijan , Lukin Josip
Published: February 2022

We present a solution to the difference between Wittgenstein’s use of model in TLP and modeling in PI, RFM and OC by means of analysis of the difference in word choices and concept descriptions of the phenomena in his remarks. The method we used is conceptual analysis of Wittgenstein’s
treatments of scientific models and modeling. Additionally, textual analysis and textual comparison are used in the study of his major remarks on the subject. Given the discovered difference between model and modeling and the continuity of dependence of both concepts on the concept of picture, with the difference between picture and picturing implied, we suggest that Wittgenstein tried to incorporate his old concept of model into the new concept of modeling. The explicated difference and incorporation contribute to the clarification of the issues of Wittgenstein’s indirect and direct influence on philosophy of science (especially on Toulmin, Hanson, Kuhn and Feyerabend).
From the Projection of Human Organs to the Projection of an Artificial Man
Authors: Greguric Ivana , Džinić Ivo
Published: February 2022

Based on the thesis of Ernst Kapp about the projection of organs during the initial creation of tools, the current article tries to show that this thesis still has its implications today. Indeed, if Kapp claims that the man created tools by observing his organs and their functionality, then it should also be stated that today, from a technical point of view, the man has reached the position of projecting technically sophisticated tools for the replacement of human organs. There is an increasing tendency of human organ replacement aiding, and in many ways facilitating, human life, but also conscious and coordinated cyborgization and robotics with the aim of accelerating and improving that same life to the level of challenging a new stage of its evolution. Thus, the current framework of the philosophy of technology emerges, which was mainly initiated by Kapp's thesis.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PENEMUAN DAN TATALAKSANA PNEUMONIA PADA PROGRAM INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT DI PUSKESMAS CIAMPEA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Khodijah Siti , Syari Wirda , Raharyanti Fenny
Published: February 2022

Pada tahun 2017 pneumonia menjadi penyebab kematian terbanyak kedua di Indonesia dan pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 16% kematian anak disebabkan karena pneumonia. Penemuan pneumonia secara dini menjadi salah satu cara untuk menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat pneumonia. Diketahui Kabupaten Bogor pada tingkat provinsi Jawa Barat menempati posisi ke empat cakupan penemuan pneumonia terendah sebanyak 27,14% dan pada tahun 2020 diketahui cakupan penemuan pneumonia di Puskesmas Ciampea belum mencapai target. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis implementasi penemuan dan tatalaksana pneumonia pada program pengendalian ISPA di Puskesmas Ciampea. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan Rapid Assessment Procedure dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yang terdiri dari informan kunci, informan inti dan informan pendukung serta menggunakan instrumen penelitian yaitu wawancara mendalam terstruktur, observasi dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sumber daya manusia yang menangani pneumonia belum mendapatkan pelatihan tatalaksana pneumonia. Proses implementasi kegiatan penemuan kasus pneumonia sudah dilakukan dengan baik dan untuk proses tatalaksana pneumonia tahapan yang sudah dilakukan dengan baik yaitu menilai anak batuk atau kesukaran bernapas, mengklasifikasi pneumonia dan tindakan, menentukan  pengobatan dan rujukan, memberi tindak lajut, pencatatan dan pelaporan, serta pemantauan. Sedangkan tahapan yang belum dijalankan dengan baik yaitu memberi konseling kepada ibu dan evaluasi yang belum dijalankan. Capaian cakupan penemuan pneumonia di Puskesmas Ciampea masih belum memenuhi target cakupan yaitu 34,05% dari target 90%. Disarankan untuk pihak Puskesmas menjalin kerja sama dengan tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama bukan hanya dengan kader semata serta mengoptimalkan kerja sama dengan jejaring di wilayah kerjanya.
An Empirical Taxonomy of Common Curb Zoning Configurations in Seattle
Authors: Dowling Chase P. , Maxner Thomas , Ranjbari Andisheh
Published: February 2022

This work applies an unsupervised clustering algorithm to blockface zoning data to identify typical curb configurations in a city. Data is obtained via the city of Seattle’s (Washington, USA) open data portal. To compare the distribution of blockfaces of varying length, all blockfaces are normalized where each zone type is presented as a percentage of the total blockface length in an order-preserving format. Common zone sequences are identified via k-modes clustering, where an optimal choice of k is cross-validated, quantifying the number of curb configurations to represent the majority of Seattle’s blockfaces. All documented code and data are open source and available at https://github.com/pnnl/curbclustering.
The Impact of Brand Equity of Korean Barbeque Restaurants on Purchase Decision among Generation-Z in Metro Manila
Authors: Caldito Rogemar , Candano Daniel Kyle , Diaz Kim Beatrice
Published: February 2022

Brand equity is crucial in boosting the success of a company or any organization. This study aims to look at how the brand equity of Samgyupsal restaurants affects purchasing decisions among generation Z in Metro Manila. The study was conducted due to the fact that the Korean BBQ industry has been growing and has taken over the Philippine Market. Furthermore, to evaluate what are the underlying reasons that influence customers to willfully buy a certain brand over the other. The study adopted a quantitative type of research and consisted of 200 respondents coming from Metro Manila. A random sampling technique was utilized in choosing the respondents, and a survey questionnaire was used as the instrument. Before administering the survey, a pilot test was conducted to test the instrument's validity and reliability, which returned an alpha value of 0.817. Structural Equation Modelling was utilized to establish the statistical significance of the variables. With the topic being centred around Korean BBQ restaurants and various factors related to purchasing decisions, the research will be of great significance to Korean restaurant operators, marketers, and future researchers. The study findings indicate that Brand equity, perceived quality, and customer satisfaction have a considerable impact on Generation-Z purchasing decisions in Metro Manila. As a result of the study's findings, the researchers have made the following recommendations: (1) Identify their gaps to deliver quality goods and services. (2) Strengthening their competitive analysis. A strong brand is one that can adapt to changing market conditions. (3) In order to succeed, Korean barbeque restaurants must understand the market and its role within it. (4) and lastly, To determine whether or not their customers are satisfied, Korean barbecue restaurants should pay closer attention to their customers' feedback and suggestions.
До обґрунтування переліку небезпечних високотоксичних хімічних речовин, які підлягають особливому контролю щодо обігу, зберігання, використання та утилізації. Частина ІІІ (дипіридилові гербіциди паракват і дикват)
Authors: Проданчук М.Г. , Балан Г.М. , Кравчук О.П. , Жмінько П.Г. , Максимчук І.М. , Чермних Н.П.
Published: February 2022

Мета. Виділити групу високотоксичних хімічних речовин, які за останні десятиліття найчастіше використовуються в умисних кримінальних та суїцидальних інцидентах, диверсійних і терористичних актах, обіг, зберігання, використання та утилізацію яких потрібно особливо прискіпливо контролювати правоохоронним органам. У даній частині статті йдеться про дипіридилові гербіциди паракват і дикват. Матеріали та методи. Аналітичний огляд наукових публікацій виконаний з використанням реферативних баз даних наукових бібліотек PubMed, Medline і текстових баз даних наукових видавництв Elsevier, PubMed, Central, BMJ group та інших VIP-баз даних. Застосовано методи системного, порівняльного та контент-аналізу. Результати та висновки. Аналітичний огляд літературних даних та досліджень, проведених у ДП «Науковий центр превентивної токсикології, харчової та хімічної безпеки імені академіка Л.І. Медведя МОЗ України», продемонстрував, що високотоксичні дипіридилові гербіциди паракват і дикват можуть становити значну загрозу життю і здоров’ю людини. Останнім часом, зокрема понад чверть сторіччя, вони стали справжньою зброєю в руках злочинців, кримінальних елементів і терористів у всьому світі. Не можна замовчувати й суїцидальні інциденти, які також мають місце поряд з умисними кримінальними, терористичними та диверсійними актами. На основі аналізу токсичності, клінічних та морфологічних проявів інтоксикації за дії цих хімічних речовин, враховуючи різні шляхи надходження до організму, обґрунтовано необхідність внесення їх до Переліку особливо небезпечних хімічних речовин, обіг яких, зберігання, використання та утилізація потребують більш жорсткого контролю з боку правоохоронних органів. Ключові слова: дипіридилові гербіциди, паракват, дикват, ризик для здоров’я, гострі отруєння.
To the issue of studying plant protection products active substances behavior inside the surface and ground water in Ukraine according to the European Union (EU) regulations
Authors: Chmil V.D. , Petrashenko H.I.
Published: February 2022

Purpose. To consider the study of the fate and behavior of active substances of plant protection products (AS PPP) in surface and groundwater in EU countries, the quality of surface and groundwater associated with the use of PPP in Ukraine and proposals for improving domestic monitoring of environmental and chemical status of surface and groundwater in Ukraine according to the EU regulations.

Materials and Methods. The presence of AS PPP in water in Ukraine is regulated by various legislative acts, including the Law on Drinking Water and Drinking Water Supply, the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on Approval of State Sanitary Norms and Rules “Hygienic Requirements for Drinking Water for Human Consumption”, the Water Code of Ukraine, Ministers of Ukraine “Procedure for state water monitoring”, the Law of Ukraine “On ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population” and others. Most of these documents take into account the safety criteria and quality indicators of drinking, surface and groundwater established in the EU. The Water Code of Ukraine and the Procedure for State Water Monitoring also take into account the main provisions of the EU Water Framework Directive in the field of protection of surface and groundwater from pollution by hazardous substances, including PPP. However, it should be noted that these documents use terms that are not in the EU documents and which misinterpret the terms and concepts that have become entrenched in world environmental science, in particular in the field of protection of surface and groundwater from contamination by hazardous chemicals. The use of such terms undoubtedly complicates the intended use of Ukrainian documents.

Conclusions. Proposals have been formulated on the inappropriateness of using in the legislative acts of Ukraine in the field of water policy some concepts and terms that does not meet EU requirements and have expired and are not used in Ukraine according to the Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine №94-r from 20.01.2016.

When state registration in Ukraine of PPP of foreign production, which have passed the necessary tests in EU countries, in the dossier for the formulation registered and submitted by the Applicant, the values of predicted concentrations of DR PPE in soil, surface and groundwater and air must be given. characterize the risk to humans and non-target organisms.

Key Words: active substances of plant protection products, surface waters, groundwater, environmental quality standards, predicted ecological concentrations of active substances of plant protection products, monitoring of ecological and chemical condition of surface and groundwater.
Konseling Pranikah Dalam Meredukasi Budaya Pernikahan Dini
Authors: Angraini Dita , Nelisma Yuliana , Silvianetri Silvianetri , Fajri Efa Yuli
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pernikahan dini banyak terjadi di berbagai penjuru dunia dengan berbagai latar belakang. Masalah pernikahan usia dini ini merupakan kegagalan dalam perlindungan hak anak. Dengan demikian diharapkan semua pihak termasuk dokter anak, akan meningkatkan kepedulian dalam menghentikan praktek pernikahan dini, Konseling pranikah bertujuan untuk membantu pasangan yang ingin menikah untuk memeriksa masalah-masalah yang belum terselesaikan di antara mereka, memperjelas nilai-nilai pribadi masing-masing, dan menyampaikan harapan yang ingin dicapai dalam hubungan pasangan demi meningkatkan peluang untuk sukses dalam hidup pernikahan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan library research  (Studi Pustaka). Peneliti telah meneliti subjek pencarian literatur. Peneliti juga mengunakan penelusuran literatur dari buku dan jurnal untuk menggali data, baik secara digital maupun manual. Literatur yang dibahas berkaitan dengan konseling pranikah dalam meredukasi budaya pernikahan dini.
Manajemen Pemberdayaan Bidang Ekonomi di Masjid Baitul Atieq
Authors: Hardianto Miksi , Rachmat Agus Zainal , Jasma Suardi
Published: February 2022

Program ekonomi dan sosial pengurus masjid Baitul Atieq memberikan manfaat terhadap pemberdayaan ekonomi jamaah terutama saat pandemi covid-19 saat ini. Maka penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tentang peranan manajemen Masjid Baitul Atieq dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi jamaah. Peneliti ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskrisptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang di gunakan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik validasi menggunakan trianggulasi. Yakni trianggulasi waktu, trianggulasi subjek, dan trianggulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengurus masjid Baitul Atieq telah memberikan kemudahan dan pemberdayaan ekonomi kepada jamaah berupa peminjaman modal uang 2 juta untuk 10 orang dan memberikan bibit  ikan lele supaya jamaah bisa mengembangkan ternak ikan lele di rumah masing-masing.
Effectiveness of Carbon Electrode Electrolysis Effluent Treatment System in Textile Dyeing
Authors: Rahman Mustafijur
Published: February 2022

The electrolysis process is an easy alternative for the treatment of textile dyehouse wastewater. To study the effectiveness of the carbon electrode electrolysis method in dyehouse effluent treatment is the main objective of this research. In most cases, the metal electrode used in the electrolysis system becomes decayed and needs to be replaced after a certain time. In this study, an inert carbon electrode has been chosen to treat the cotton dyehouse wastewater that can function longer than a metal electrode. Hence, the process is named as Carbon Electrode Electrolysis (CEE) method. In this method, a combined effect of electro-coagulation and electro-reduction has occurred. Electro-coagulation happens by direct charge supplied from a carbon electrode and then neutralizing negative effluent charges using positive charge. The color chromophore becomes broken down by a reduction in the cathode. Through electrolysis of sodium chloride in the effluent, sodium hypochlorite is produced, which later oxidizes organic compounds and reduces BOD. The effects of different treatment parameters of the CEE method like salt concentration and operating time have been studied and found that higher salt concentration and around 65 minutes operating time is effective. The results are analyzed based on four criteria: Color change, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). Results show that the CEE method minimizes effluents’ color and reduces BOD and COD within the acceptable limits of the Department of Environment (DoE), Bangladesh. Moreover, the CEE Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) needs less space than the other existing biological and chemical ETP. However, this method is failed to remove TDS from wastewater.
Catulle Mendès: écrivain du monstre, écrivain monstrueux
Authors: d'Ableiges Evrard
Published: February 2022

Auteur prolixe et maître imitateur, Catulle Mendès peut être considéré comme l’archétype du créateur décadent qui pallie un manque d’originalité par la virtuosité, le gigantisme et le maniérisme spectaculaires (Vladimir Jankélévitch). C’est en ce sens que convergent les critiques de l’époque, qu’elles soient favorables ou défavorables. Notre article étudie cette rhétorique du monstre littéraire et de l’écrivain monstrueux qui se trouve également déployée dans l’œuvre romanesque de Mendès, à travers les figures d’artiste impuissant et de créateur à succès. Si la tératogonie mendésienne révèle les faiblesses et les facilités de l’écrivain en mal d’inspiration, elle signale également une réflexion d’une grande sagacité sur l’essence, le pouvoir et les finalités de la création artistique.
The Existence of the Religious Court in Handling Divorce Cases on the Reason of Domestic Violence
Authors: Sumanto Dedi , Samsudin Titin , Amirudin Fikri Hi. Asnawi
Published: February 2022

Domestic violence results in any action against a person in the household, which results in physical, sexual, psychological misery or suffering, and or neglect of the household, including threats to commit acts, coercion, or deprivation of liberty unlawfully within the household. The problem that arises is the legal perspective on domestic violence and the existence and role of the Religious Court in handling divorce cases on the grounds of domestic violence. This writing uses a normative juridical research method with a case approach. The legal materials used consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, then analyzed and drawn qualitative conclusions. The results of this study are in a review of Law Number 23 of 2004. Whatever its nature is, hitting the wife is one type of domestic violence prohibited by the PKDRT law. However, in essence, the law on domestic violence does not conflict with Islamic teachings because the law is made to protect the benefit of the community, namely protecting every member of the family or household from further acts of violence. The Religious Court has played an active role in applying the law in handling divorce cases on the grounds of domestic violence by applying the provisions of Article 39 paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 and the reasons for divorce in Article 19 of Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975.
Deep Feature Mining via the Attention-Based Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory Graph Convolutional Neural Network for Human Motor Imagery Recognition
Authors: Hou Yimin , Jia Shuyue , Lun Xiangmin , Zhang Shu , Chen Tao , Wang Fang , Lv Jinglei
Published: February 2022

Recognition accuracy and response time are both critically essential ahead of building the practical electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain–computer interface (BCI). However, recent approaches have compromised either the classification accuracy or the responding time. This paper presents a novel deep learning approach designed toward both remarkably accurate and responsive motor imagery (MI) recognition based on scalp EEG. Bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) with the attention mechanism is employed, and the graph convolutional neural network (GCN) promotes the decoding performance by cooperating with the topological structure of features, which are estimated from the overall data. Particularly, this method is trained and tested on the short EEG recording with only 0.4 s in length, and the result has shown effective and efficient prediction based on individual and groupwise training, with 98.81% and 94.64% accuracy, respectively, which outperformed all the state-of-the-art studies. The introduced deep feature mining approach can precisely recognize human motion intents from raw and almost-instant EEG signals, which paves the road to translate the EEG-based MI recognition to practical BCI systems.
Nanocellulose-Based Biomedical Scaffolds in Future Bioeconomy: A Techno-Legal Assessment of the State-of-the-Art
Authors: Mishra Pawan Kumar , Pavelek Ondrej , Rasticova Martina , Mishra Harshita , Ekielski Adam
Published: February 2022

Nanocellulose is a broader term used for nano-scaled cellulosic crystal and/or fibrils of plant or animal origin. Where bacterial nanocellulose was immediately accepted in biomedicine due to its “cleaner” nature, the plant-based nanocellulose has seen several roadblocks. This manuscript assesses the technological aspects (chemistry of cellulose, nanocellulose producing methods, its purity, and biological properties including toxicity and suggested applications in final drug formulation) along with legal aspects in REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals) regulation by the European Union, EMA (European Medicine Agency). The botanical biomass processing methods leading to the nanoscale impurity (lignin and others) on nanocellulose surface, along with surface modification with harsh acid treatments are found to be two major sources of “impurity” in botanical biomass derived nanocellulose. The status of nanocellulose under the light of REACH regulation along with EMA has been covered. The provided information can be directly used by material and biomedical scientists while developing new nanocellulose production strategies as well as formulation design for European markets.
Chemical Modification of Hyaluronan and Their Biomedical Applications
Authors: Hintze Vera , Schnabelrauch Matthias , Rother Sandra
Published: February 2022

Hyaluronan, the extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan, is an important structural component of many tissues playing a critical role in a variety of biological contexts. This makes hyaluronan, which can be biotechnologically produced in large scale, an attractive starting polymer for chemical modifications. This review provides a broad overview of different synthesis strategies used for modulating the biological as well as material properties of this polysaccharide. We discuss current advances and challenges of derivatization reactions targeting the primary and secondary hydroxyl groups or carboxylic acid groups and the N-acetyl groups after deamidation. In addition, we give examples for approaches using hyaluronan as biomedical polymer matrix and consequences of chemical modifications on the interaction of hyaluronan with cells via receptor-mediated signaling. Collectively, hyaluronan derivatives play a significant role in biomedical research and applications indicating the great promise for future innovative therapies.
Methodology Establishment and Application of VITEK Mass Spectrometry to Detect Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Lin Haoyun , Hu Zhen , Wu Jinsong , Lu Yuemei , Chen Jine , Wu Wenyuan
Published: February 2022

The ability of VITEK mass spectrometry (MS) in detection of bacterial resistance is currently under exploration and evaluation. In this study, we developed and validated a VITEK MS method to rapidly test carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP). Solvents, antibiotic concentrations, crystal conditions and times, centrifugation speeds, and other factors were optimized to design a rapid sample pretreatment process for CPKP detection by VITEK MS. The related parameters of the mass spectrum were adjusted on the instrument to establish an CPKP detection mode. 133 clinically isolated strains of CPKP in the microbiology laboratory at the Shenzhen People’s Hospital from 2004 to 2017 were selected for accuracy evaluation. The fresh suspected strains from the microbiology laboratory in 2020 were used to complete the clinical verification. Two antibiotics, meropenem (MEM) and imipenem (IPM), were used as substrates. These two substrates were incubated with suspected CPKP, and the results were obtained by VITEK MS detection. Using this method, different types of CPKP showed different detection results and all the CPKP strains producing KPC-2 and IMP-4 carbapenemase were detected by VITEK MS. Thus, VITEK MS can be used for rapid detection of CPKP, especially for some common types of CPKP. This method provides high accuracy and speed of detection. Combined with its cost advantages, it can be intensely valuable in clinical microbiology laboratories after the standard operating procedures are determined.
Revisiting the Effect of Pharmaceuticals on Transmission Stage Formation in the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Thommen Basil T. , Passecker Armin , Buser Tamara , Hitz Eva , Voss Till S. , Brancucci Nicolas M. B.
Published: February 2022

Malaria parasites rely on specialized stages, called gametocytes, to ensure human-to-human transmission. The formation of these sexual precursor cells is initiated by commitment of blood stage parasites to the sexual differentiation pathway. Plasmodium falciparum, the most virulent of six parasite species infecting humans, employs nutrient sensing to control the rate at which sexual commitment is initiated, and the presence of stress-inducing factors, including antimalarial drugs, has been linked to increased gametocyte production in vitro and in vivo. These observations suggest that therapeutic interventions may promote gametocytogenesis and malaria transmission. Here, we engineered a P. falciparum reporter line to quantify sexual commitment rates after exposure to antimalarials and other pharmaceuticals commonly prescribed in malaria-endemic regions. Our data reveal that some of the tested drugs indeed have the capacity to elevate sexual commitment rates in vitro. Importantly, however, these effects are only observed at drug concentrations that inhibit parasite survival and only rarely result in a net increase of gametocyte production. Using a drug-resistant parasite reporter line, we further show that the gametocytogenesis-promoting effect of drugs is linked to general stress responses rather than to compound-specific activities. Altogether, we did not observe evidence for mechanistic links between the regulation of sexual commitment and the activity of commonly used pharmaceuticals in vitro. Our data hence does not support scenarios in which currently applied therapeutic interventions would promote the spread of drug-resistant parasites or malaria transmission in general.
Solution Structure of the Cutibacterium acnes-Specific Protein RoxP and Insights Into Its Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Stødkilde Kristian , Nielsen Jakob Toudahl , Petersen Steen Vang , Paetzold Bernhard , Brüggemann Holger , Mulder Frans A. A. , Andersen Christian Brix Folsted
Published: February 2022

Cutibacterium acnes is a predominant bacterium on human skin and is generally regarded as commensal. Recently, the abundantly secreted protein produced by C. acnes, RoxP, was shown to alleviate radical-induced cell damage, presumably via antioxidant activity, which could potentially be harnessed to fortify skin barrier function. The aim of this study was to determine the structure of RoxP and elucidate the mechanisms behind its antioxidative effect. Here, we present the solution structure of RoxP revealing a compact immunoglobulin-like domain containing a long flexible loop which, in concert with the core domain, forms a positively charged groove that could function as a binding site for cofactors or substrates. Although RoxP shares structural features with cell-adhesion proteins, we show that it does not appear to be responsible for adhesion of C. acnes bacteria to human keratinocytes. We identify two tyrosine-containing stretches located in the flexible loop of RoxP, which appear to be responsible for the antioxidant activity of RoxP.