bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of laser therapy in patients with facial palsy
Authors: Kim Jung-Hyun , Park Yeon-Cheol , Seo Byung-Kwan , Baek Yong-Hyeon , Goo Bonhyuk , Nam Sang-Soo
Published: August 2020

Background:

Facial palsy involves paralysis of any structure affected by the facial nerve and affects facial appearance. Face palsy can result from congenital, idiopathic, neoplastic, infection-related, traumatic, malignant, diabetic, iatrogenic, and other inflammatory causes. Numerous studies have suggested that laser treatment is beneficial for managing facial palsy. The objectives of this review were to examine the effects of laser therapy in hastening recovery from long-term morbidity due to facial palsy.

Methods:

We will conduct a systematic analysis of controlled trials reviewing the efficacy of any laser therapy designed to treat facial palsy in patients. We will search multiple electronic databases, trial registries, and bibliographies and will contact authors to identify missing study details. We will use systematic review software to independently filter studies and extract available data and then will summarize characteristics of the study populations, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and quality/risk of bias. Primary outcomes will be categorized into paralysis score, physical facial disability index (PFDI), social facial disability index (SFDI), and recovery rate of supracordal/infracordal lesions. Secondary outcomes will be considered based on study findings. Planned trial subgroup analyses will determine whether the participants had a chronic condition, the type of comparator (i.e., placebo/sham vs. usual care), and study quality/risk of bias.

Results:

This review intends to establish evidence for laser therapies in improving recovery rates, particularly among patients with facial palsy.

Conclusion:

Its findings will be beneficial to clinicians and patients seeking innovative and effective ways to manage facial palsy and accompanying sequelae.
A case of one-lung ventilation using a single-lumen tube placed under fiberoptic bronchoscopic guidance in a 4-year-old child
Authors: Koo Bon Sung , Lee Seung Hyeon , Lee So Jeong , Jung Woo Hyun , Chung Yang Hoon , Lee Joon Ho , Cho Sung Hwan , Kim Sang Hyun
Published: August 2020

Rationale:

One-lung ventilation (OLV) is essential for adequate visualization and exposure of the surgical site via a videoscopic approach. Although many instruments facilitating OLV are available, the choice is limited in pediatric patients.

Patient concerns:

A 4-year-old female (weight: 18.6 kg, height: 100 cm) was admitted via our pediatric outpatient clinic because of recurrent hemoptysis, 2 weeks in duration. She had no medical or surgical history.

Diagnosis:

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a 4.5-cm-diameter mass in the left, lower lung lobe. She was diagnosed with a congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM).

Interventions:

She was scheduled for emergency lobectomy via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). To ensure successful VATS, OLV was essential. As our hospital lacked a small-diameter fiberoptic bronchoscope and a proper bronchial blocker, we decided to use single-lumen tube (SLT) with adult fiberoptic bronchoscope.

Outcomes:

We performed successful bronchoscopic-guided OLV using a SLT. We aligned the tube to the right upper lobar bronchus and Murphy eye to prevent obstruction of the right upper lobe bronchus. At the end of surgery, the endotracheal tube lumen had been narrowed by blood clots, we decided to exchange the tracheal tube. The tube was immediately exchanged. After re-intubation, the pulse oximetry (SpO2) then gradually increased.

Lessons:

Appropriate preparation and careful management should be considered to perform OLV in pediatric patients without significant complications.
Primary adult primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the bladder
Authors: Liu Bing , Qi Dian-Jun , Zhang Qing-Fu
Published: August 2020

Rationale:

A primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a rare and highly malignant tumor that often occurs in the central nervous system of children and young adults. This tumor is rarely observed in the bladder.

Patient concerns:

In this paper, we describe the case of a 64-year-old man with a PNET of the bladder. He experienced dull pain in the lower left abdomen for 5 months (without any obvious inducement), which gradually became aggravated and intolerable.

Diagnoses:

Partial cystectomy was performed, and a PNET of the bladder, which is extremely rare, was confirmed.

Interventions:

Following cystectomy, the patient's general postoperative state was poor and he could not tolerate chemotherapy. Thus, he was subjected to pelvic radiotherapy for 2 weeks.

Outcomes:

His physical condition did not improve significantly after radiotherapy; however, we still plan to continue it. If the patient's physical condition improves, chemotherapy will be considered.

Lessons:

Most cases of PNETs are intravesical or at least mainly endophytic. However, in this case, the mucosal layer was barely involved, and the tumor mainly grew out of the bladder, which is very rare. The present case provides reference for the diagnosis of PNET.
Monopolar versus bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumors
Authors: Xu Jianeng , Zheng Junbiao , Ma Yucheng
Published: August 2020

Background:

To compare the efficacy and safety of bipolar and monopolar transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) treatment.

Methods:

This protocol established in this study has been reported following the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols. Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for all randomized controlled trials comparing bipolar TURBT and monopolar TURBT in NMIBC treatment until 31st of June 2020. We will use a combination of Medical Subject Heading and free-text terms with various synonyms to search based on the eligibility criteria. Two investigators independently reviewed the included studies and extracted relevant data. The odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals of were used as effect estimate. I-square (I
2) test, substantial heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias assessment will be performed accordingly. Stata 15.0 and Review Manger 5.3 are used for meta-analysis and systematic review.

Results:

The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:

The results of this review will be widely disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. This evidence may also provide helpful evidence of the efficacy and safety of bipolar and monopolar transurethral resection of TURBT in NMIBC treatment.

PROSPERO registration number:

CRD42020151997
The efficacy of Qigong exercises for post-stroke mental disorders and sleep disorders
Authors: Dong Xing , Zhang Renyan , Guo Ying , Chen Longfang , Liu Yuan
Published: August 2020

Background:

Post-stroke mental disorders (PSMDs) and post-stroke sleep disorders (PSSDs) are quite common condition in stroke's patients. Qigong has been widely applied as a replaced and useful treatment for PSMDs and PSSDs. However, the exact effects and safety of Qigong have yet be systematically investigated. Our study focused on summary of efficacy and safety of Qigong for the treatment of advanced PSMDs and PSSDs through the systematic analysis and meta-analysis, in order to provide scientific reference for the clinical.

Methods:

The protocol followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols. Relevant randomized controlled trials were only considered. Search strategy will be performed in 4 English database including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Excerpt Medical Database, 4 Chinese Database including Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Scientific Journal Database, Wanfang Database, and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Papers in English or Chinese published from their inception to 30 June 2020. Study selection and data extraction will be performed independently by 2 investigators. The clinical outcomes including overall Hamilton depression scale, Hamilton anxiety scale, the mental health part of the MOS item short from health survey, Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Based on the Cochrane Assessment tool and Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale, a modified assessment form should be used to evaluate the methodological quality. Review Manager 5.3 was used for data analysis and risk of bias.

Results and conclusion:

We provide some more practical and targeted results examine the effect of Qigong exercises for PSMDs and PSSDs in the relative meta-analysis. We find out defects or inadequacies of Qigong in previous studies. The findings of this research will provide more evidence-based guidance in clinical practice and more rigorous study.

International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY) registration number: INPLASY202070051.
Trans-umbilical single-incision laparoscopic trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal hernioplasty of inguinal hernia by self-made glove port
Authors: Chen Qi-long , Chen Ke , Huang Di-yu , Pan Yu , Yan Jia-fei , Wang Xian-fa , Cai Xiao-yan
Published: August 2020

Laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy has been well established for the management of primary and recurrent inguinal hernias. Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) has now been accepted as a less invasive alternative to conventional laparoscopic surgery. However, commercially available access devices for SILS had disadvantages such as rigidness and crowding. This series aimed to analyze the feasibility and safety of single-incision laparoscopic trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal hernioplasty (SILS-TAPP) by applying our self-made device for managing inguinal hernia.

We collected and reviewed the medical records of patients who received SILS-TAPP using a self-made glove-port device between January 2014 and January 2016. All operations were performed by the same surgical team. The demographics and intra- and perioperative outcomes were evaluated.

SILS-TAPP was successfully performed in 105 patients (131 inguinal hernia repairs). No major intra- and postoperative morbidities were encountered, and no conversion to a conventional 3-port approach or open surgery was required. The mean operative time was 73.5 min and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 2.1 days. Three minor short-term complications were noted, which were resolved without surgical intervention. One recurrence was diagnosed during follow-up and treated using a second TAPP procedure.

SILS-TAPP was shown to be a feasible, safe procedure in patients with an inguinal hernia. A simple self-made glove-port device was proven as a practical method of SILS-TAPP.
Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of Barrett esophagus in Vietnamese patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms
Authors: Quach Duc T. , Pham Quyen T.T. , Tran Truc L.T. , Vu Nhu T.H. , Le Quang D. , Nguyen Doan T.N. , Dang Ngoc L.B. , Le Huy M. , Le Nhan Q. , Sharma Prateek , Ho Khek-Yu
Published: August 2020

The current barrier for investigation of Barrett esophagus (BE) in Asia is diagnostic standardization, which is a challenge to identify its true risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors of BE in Vietnamese patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

A cross-sectional study was conducted on consecutive outpatients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia (ESEM) which was clearly visible at least 1 cm above the gastroesophageal junction at endoscopy was taken biopsy. At least 1 biopsy per 2 cm in tongues of ESEM and 4 biopsies per 2 cm of circumferential ESEM were taken. The diagnostic criterion for BE was replacement of the normal squamous epithelial lining by columnar epithelium confirmed by histology.

A total of 1947 patients were recruited. Forty-seven out of 58 patients with ESEM were histologically confirmed BE. The prevalences of BE and hiatal hernia (HH) were 2.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7–3.1%) and 2.3% (95% CI, 1.6–2.9%), respectively. Heartburn and/or regurgitation presented in only 61.7% (95% CI, 46.4–75.5%) of patients with BE. In multivariate analysis, the only 2 factors significantly associated with BE were HH (OR 7.53; 95% CI, 3.13–18.11; P < .001) and typical reflux symptom (OR 2.07; 95% CI, 1.12–3.83; P = .020).

BE is not uncommon in Vietnamese patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. In addition, typical reflux symptoms and HH are the risk factors for BE in Vietnamese.
The impact of dysphagia on quality of life in stroke patients
Authors: Kim Doo-Young , Park Hyo-Sik , Park Si-Woon , Kim Jae-Hyung
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the quality of life in stroke patients using a swallowing quality of life (SWAL-QOL) questionnaire. The correlation between SWAL-QOL questionnaire outcome and videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS) scores in stroke patients was also determined.

This cross-sectional study was retrospectively conducted with 75 stroke patients with dysphagia symptoms. Videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) and SWAL-QOL questionnaires were performed for all patients. These patients were divided into an oral feeding group and a tube feeding group. SWAL-QOL scores were compared between the 2 groups. The severity of dysphagia was estimated by VDS scores according to the videofluoroscopic swallowing study results. The relationships between SWAL-QOL scores and VDS scores were also investigated.

The composite score was 48.82 ± 19.51 for the tube feeding group and 53.17 ± 25.42 for the oral feeding group. There were significant differences in burden and sleep subdomains of the SWAL-QOL between the 2 groups (P = .005 and P = .012, respectively). There was a significant negative correlation between the composite score of SWAL-QOL outcome and the total VDS score (r = −0.468, P = .012). The pharyngeal-phase score of the VDS had significant negative correlations with the SWAL-QOL subdomains of burden (r = −0.327, P = .013), mental health (r = −0.348, P = .008), and social functioning (r = −0.365, P = .029).

To improve the quality of life of stroke patients, dysphagia rehabilitation should focus on the pharyngeal phase of dysphagia.
Evaluation of HBV, HCV, and HIV seroprevalence in patients with plasma cell disorders
Authors: Mert Duygu , Merdin Alparslan , Çakar Merih Kizil , Dal Mehmet Sinan , Altuntaş Fevzi
Published: August 2020

Hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses are hepatotropic and lymphotropic viruses that can proliferate either in lymphocytes and monocytes or hepatocytes.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in patients with plasma cell disorders. We also aimed to compare patients with plasma cell disorders and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in terms of HBV, HCV, and HIV seropositivity.

This is a retrospective study. The patients who had patient file in the Multiple Myeloma Outpatient Unit of our hospital and were followed in our outpatient unit between January 1, 2012 and September 15, 2019, with diagnoses of either of the plasma cell disorders were included in the study. In addition, 272 CLL patients who were admitted to the Leukemia Outpatient Unit of our hospital were also enrolled in the study. The 2 disease groups were compared in terms of HBV, HCV, and HIV seropositivity.

A statistically significant relationship was found between disease groups according to hepatitis B surface antigen (P < .05). Hepatitis B positivity were found to be more common in CLL patients. There was also a statistically significant relationship between the disease groups in terms of hepatitis B e antigen positivity (P = .001).

We found that hepatitis B surface antigen positivity rate in CLL patients was higher than in patients with plasma cell disorders. Seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV was found to be very low in patients with plasma cell disorders.
The effects of sitting Tai Chi on physical and psychosocial health outcomes among individuals with impaired physical mobility
Authors: Zhao Jie , Chau Janita Pak Chun , Zang Yuli , Lo Suzanne Hoi Shan , Choi Kai Chow , Liang Surui
Published: August 2020

Background:

Impaired physical mobility, most often seen in people with neurological disorders (i.e., stroke and spinal cord injury survivors), musculoskeletal diseases or frailty, is a limitation in independent and purposeful physical movement of the body or one or more extremities. The physical restrictions result in negative consequences on an individual's physical and psychosocial functions. This proposal describes a systematic review protocol to determine the effectiveness and approaches of sitting Tai Chi intervention for individuals with impaired physical mobility. Our review would inform stakeholders’ decisions in integrating this complementary therapy into current rehabilitation services.

Methods:

Randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies that compared an intervention group receiving sitting Tai Chi with a control group among adult participants with impaired physical mobility resulting from any health condition(s) will be included. Outcomes of interest will include physical and psychosocial health outcomes. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, AMED, PsycINFO, SPORDiscus, PEDro, WanFang Data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure will be searched from their inception to January 2020. Additional searches will be performed to identify studies that are being refereed, to be published, unpublished or ongoing. Two reviewers will select the trials and extract data independently. The risk of bias of the included studies will be assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to assess evidence quality for each review outcome. Data synthesis will be performed using Review Manager 5.3. When a meta-analysis is possible, we will assess the heterogeneity across the studies by computing the I
2 statistics.

Results:

A high-quality synthesis of current evidence of sitting Tai Chi for impaired physical mobility will be stated from several aspect using subjective reports and objective measures of performance.

Conclusion:

This protocol will present the evidence of whether sitting Tai Chi is an effective intervention for impaired physical mobility.

PROSPERO registration number:

CRD 42019142681.
Application effect of lattice laser in facial rejuvenation
Authors: Yan Dan , Huang Zechun , Zhang Anli , Li Shuaihua , Xiao Yao
Published: August 2020

Background:

Various techniques have been applied in facial rejuvenation and lattice laser is the most accepted. However, the application effect of lattice laser in facial rejuvenation is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the application effect of lattice laser in facial rejuvenation.

Methods:

Randomized controlled trials of lattice laser in facial rejuvenation will be searched in PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and China biomedical literature database from inception to July 2020. And Baidu Scholar, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Google Scholar, and Chinese Clinical Trials Registry will be searched to obtain more relevant studies comprehensively. Two researchers will perform data extraction and risk of bias assessment independently. Statistical analysis will be conducted in RevMan 5.3.

Results:

This study will sum up the present evidence so far by exploring the application effect of lattice laser in facial rejuvenation.

Conclusions:

The findings of the study will provide helpful evidence for the application effect of lattice laser in facial rejuvenation, promoting clinical practice, and further scientific research.

Ethics and dissemination:

The private information from individuals will not publish. This systematic review also will not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval is not required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.

OSF registration number:

DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QF6H5
The efficacy and safety of osimertinib in treating nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Jing , Li Xuemei , Shao Yinghong , Guo Xiyun , He Jinggui
Published: August 2020

Background:

Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is the primary treatment in treating with EGFR mutant nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the third-generation EGFR-TKI, osimertinib, and summarize the risk factors associating with outcome after osimertinib treatment.

Method:

The Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Pubmed were systematically searched due to December 10, 2019. All the studies that mentioned the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), treatment response, and adverse events (AEs) of osimertinib were involved in our study. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals was used for comparing OS and PFS.

Result:

A total of 47 studies were included in the systematic review, of which 14 studies were used to compare the efficacy between osimertinib and other EGFR-TKI or chemotherapy. Patients treating with osimertinib favors a higher OS and PFS in all the patients (HR = 0.56 and 0.38, P < .001, respectively), and in subgroup analysis, compared with other treatments. Median 55% T790 mutant NSCLC patients might experience partial response, and 25% of patients remained as stable disease. The incidence of severe AE ranged from 0% to 5%, and the most common severe AE was pneumonia (3%). Patients with the T858R mutation may have a better OS than Del 19 mutation (HR = 0.55, P = .037), while patients who have a smoking history may have a higher risk of progression than never-smoker patients (HR = 1.47, P = .028).

Conclusion:

Osimertinib has an impressive antitumor activity compared with prior EGFR-TKI and chemotherapy with an acceptable response and tolerable AEs. EGFR mutation type and smoking status were the risk factors for mortality and progression in NSCLC patients.
A bibliometric analysis of income and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Ding Ye , Chen Dingwan , Ding Xufen , Wang Guan , Wan Yuehua , Shen Qing
Published: August 2020

Background:

Income is 1 of the socio-economic indicators and could directly influence the health outcomes of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The relationship between income and CVD has attracted more and more scholars’ attention in the past 20 years.

Methods:

To study the current research dynamics of this field, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to evaluate the publications from 1990 to 2018 based on the Science Citation Index Expanded database. By using the Derwent Date Analyzer software, the following aspects were explored:

Results:

The USA ranked first in this field, followed by UK and Canada in terms of number of publications. As for institutions, Harvard University took the leading place in the number of publications, as well as the h-index. Plos One had the most publications and “health” was the most frequent used keyword. The leading research area was “public environmental occupational health”.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, the elderly, the children and the puerpera were the main study population in this field and “disease prevention” was the main study direction. The most concerned health issues in this field were “obesity” and “diet”. There might be a lack of articles that explore the associations between income and CVD with a global perspective. Articles on this content are urgently warranted.
Onabotulinum toxin type A injection into the triceps unmasks elbow flexion in infant brachial plexus birth palsy
Authors: Morscher Melanie A. , Thomas Matthew D. , Sahgal Suneet , Adamczyk Mark J.
Published: August 2020

Brachial plexus birth palsy (BPBP) is a neurologic injury that can result in mild to full paralysis of the affected upper extremity. In severe cases, nerve surgery is often performed before age 1 year. Several studies report gains in elbow flexion with onabotulinum toxin type A (OBTT-A) injections to the triceps; however, its use in infants is not widely reported. The purpose of this study is to present our experience using these injections before 6 months of age to therapeutically unmask elbow flexion and diagnostically guide surgical decision making.

This is a retrospective observational cohort study. The cohort included infants with BPBP who received OBTT-A injection to the triceps before age 6 months. Indications for the injections include trace elbow flexion and palpable co-contraction of the biceps and triceps. Elbow flexion was evaluated using the Toronto Test score. Therapeutic success was defined as an increase in post-injection scores. These scores were then used diagnostically as an indication for surgery if the infant did not achieve full elbow flexion by 8 months. A treatment algorithm for OBTT-A triceps injection was developed based on all treatment options offered to infants with elbow flexion deficits seen in the clinic.

Of the 12 infants that received OBTT-A triceps injections, 10 (83%) had improved Toronto test elbow flexion scores post-injection. Gains in elbow flexion once attained were maintained. Of the 9 OBTT-A infants with at least 2 years follow-up, 4 achieved full elbow flexion without surgery; the remainder after surgery. No complications with OBTT-A injections were noted and patients were followed on average 6 years. The average age at time of injection was 4 months (range: 2–5 months). Compared to other treatments given, OBTT-A infants tended to present with more elbow flexion than the 4 infants requiring immediate surgical intervention and less elbow flexion than the 16 infants treated conservatively.

OBTT-A injection to the triceps in infants with BPBP before 6 months of age therapeutically improved elbow flexion and diagnostically guided surgical decisions when full elbow flexion was not achieved by 8 months of age with no known complications.
Repair of soft tissue and extensor tendon defects on the dorsum of the hand by transfer of dorsal foot flap and extensor digitorum brevis tendon in a 3-year-old child
Authors: Tian Heng , Song Debiao , Jin Hongjuan , Liu Quanzhe , Zhao Yongheng , Wang Xuejie , Qu Wenrui , Li Rui
Published: August 2020

Rationale:

Repair of soft tissue defects on the dorsum of the hand with accompanying tendon defects is a challenging problem in clinical practice.

Patient concerns:

Here, we describe the case of a 3-year-old boy with a 1-week old soft tissue injury with infection due to a soft tissue defect on the dorsum of his right hand, and further describe its treatment.

Diagnosis:

A diagnosis of a soft tissue defect of the dorsum with extensor tendon defects in the fore, middle, ring, and little fingers of the right hand was made.

Interventions:

The defects were repaired using a dorsal foot flap combined with the extensor digitorum brevis tendon, under spinal anesthesia, and a small dose of the sedative phenobarbital (Lumina) was administered via pump injection after the surgery.

Outcomes:

The patient was followed-up for 6 months. The shape of the dorsal hand flap recovered satisfactorily and the skin color was almost normal. Protective sensation was restored and the tendon graft functioned well in vivo. Satisfactory outcomes were achieved in the flexion and extension of each finger.

Lessons:

This case study provides evidence that for soft tissue defects on the dorsum of the hand with tendon defects, 1-stage transfer of a dorsal foot flap with the extensor digitorum brevis tendon can be effective for recovery of appearance and extensor function. In case of infant patients, postoperative use of low-dose sedation can effectively reduce the risk of vascular crisis, thus promoting survival of the flap graft, and ensuring the success of the operation.
The efficacy and safety of warming acupuncture and moxibustion on rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Shang Jingwen , Fan Wei , Dou Zhongqing , Wu Linlin , Lu Bibo , Qian Junhui
Published: August 2020

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as an autoimmune disease, can eventually lead to joint deformity and loss of function, seriously reduce the quality of life of patients and increase economic burden. As a traditional Chinese therapy, warming acupuncture and moxibustion is safe, economical, and has few side effects. At present, some studies have shown that warming acupuncture and moxibustion has a certain effect on RA, but there is no evidence of evidence-based medicine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of warming acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Method:

Randomized controlled trials of warming acupuncture and moxibustion treating RA will be searched in the databases including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, Web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), and China biomedical literature database (CBM) from inception to July, 2020. In addition, Baidu, Google Scholar, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Chinese Clinical Trials Registry will be searched to obtain the gray literature and relevant data that have not yet been published. Two qualified researchers will extract data and assess the risk of bias from included studies independently. Statistical analysis is performed in RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:

The primary outcome is symptom evaluation including morning stiffness, pain, and joint swelling. The number of joints affected by RA, Rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), anti-cyclic peptide containing citrulline (A-CCP), and adverse effects, will be evaluated as secondary outcomes.

Conclusions:

This study will compare the efficacy and safety of warming acupuncture and moxibustion with common acupuncture in the treatment of RA, providing reliable evidence for clinical application.

OSF Registration number:

DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/C8RY9.
Assessment of the risk of musculoskeletal adverse events associated with fluoroquinolone use in children
Authors: Wang Ji-gan , Cui Hai-Rong , Hu Yi-sen , Tang Hua-Bo
Published: August 2020

Background:

The use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics has been restricted in children because of their potential to cause adverse musculoskeletal events. This study was performed to systematically evaluate whether there is a difference between fluoroquinolone and non-fluoroquinolone antibiotics in terms of their associated risk of adverse musculoskeletal events in children.

Methods:

Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed databases were used to retrieve studies related to fluoroquinolone and non-fluoroquinolone-induced musculoskeletal adverse events in children. A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 11.

Results:

A total of 10 studies were included in the analysis. The combined results showed that there was no statistical difference between fluoroquinolone and non-fluoroquinolone groups in terms of musculoskeletal adverse events in children (risk ratio = 1.145, 95% confidence interval = 0.974 – 1.345, P = .101). Subgroup analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Here, the effects on the trovafloxacin and levofloxacin groups were significantly different from that of the control group. However, musculoskeletal adverse events due to either drug was not reported after long-term follow-up.

Conclusions:

The results showed that fluoroquinolone and non-fluoroquinolone antibiotics were not different in terms of their ability to cause musculoskeletal adverse events in children. For this reason, fluoroquinolone antibiotics can be used in children as appropriate.

PROSPERO registration number:

CRD42019133900
Selective dorsal neurotomy in the treatment of premature ejaculation
Authors: Li Guangsen , Chang Degui , Chen Di’ang , Zhang Peihai , You Yaodong , Huang Xiaopeng , Cai Jian
Published: August 2020

Introduction:

Premature ejaculation (PE) affects 8% to 30% of adult men worldwide. Recently, the incidence of PE is on the rise. A series of prior studies suggested that the incidence of PE is related to various biological factors as low testosterone, low serum vitamin D, diabetes, lower urinary tract symptoms, and other psychological factors. At present, the major treatments include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors antidepressants (dapoxetine, paroxetine), topical anesthetics, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, circumcision, and selective dorsal neurotomy (SDN). The previous study found that SDN is effective for PE.

Methods and analysis:

The electronic databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials. org, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Wan fang Database, China Biology Medicine Database (CBM), VIP Science Technology Periodical Database, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry will be retrieved. All the randomized controlled trials of selective dorsal penile neurotomy for patients with PE will be included. The outcome includes intravaginal ejaculation latency time and Chinese Index of Sexual Function for Premature Ejaculation-5. We will conduct this study strictly according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Results:

The present study is a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis without results, and data analysis will be carried out after the protocol. We will share our findings on June 30th of 2021.

Conclusion:

SDN can effectively prolong IELT, but its efficacy has not been assessed scientifically and systematically. To address this limitation, this study will inspect the efficacy and safety of the SDN treatment in patients with PE.

Ethics and dissemination:

Formal ethical approval is not required in this protocol. We will collect and analyze data based on published studies, and since there are no patients involved in this study, individual privacy will not be under concerns. The results of this review will be disseminated to peer-reviewed journals or submit to related conferences.

Protocol registration number:

INPLASY202070084
The efficacy and safety of fire needle therapy for COVID-19
Authors: Liu Min , Zhu Hongqiu , Xiong Qian , Zeng Zhulan , Xu Xinlei , Ye Min , Zeng Yanling , Hu Xiaodan , Zhu Ying
Published: August 2020

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a new type of coronavirus, first reported in Wuhan, China at the end of December 2019. As a result of the worldwide outbreak, the number of patients continues to increase. With multiple therapeutic interventions, more and more patients are recovering. Fire needle is used as an alternative therapy. At present, there are no relevant articles for systematic review and meta-analysis, so this study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of fire needle in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods:

The following electronic bibliographic databases will be searched to identify relevant studies from December 2019 to December 2020: MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), Wan-fang data, Chinese Biological Medicine Database (CBM), and other databases. All included articles were randomized controlled trial without any language restrictions. Two reviewers will independently conduct cations retrieval, de-duplication, filtering, quality assessment, and data analysis by the Review Manager (V.5.3). Meta-analysis, subgroup analysis and/or descriptive analysis were performed on the included data.

Discussion:

This study will investigate the application of fire needle in the treatment or prevention of COVID-19, and provide a high-quality synthesis to evaluate whether fire needle is an effective and safe intervention for COVID-19.

Systematic review registration:

PROSPERO registration number: CRD 42020193703.
Effect of drug-eluting stents on 1-year risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Yu Fa-Chang , Chang Ya-Hui , Chen I-Ming , Liu Hung-Yi , Lin Chao-Feng , Chien Li-Nien
Published: August 2020

The use of a drug-eluting stent (DES) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention is conventional. However, the effect of DES on new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) after AMI still remains unclear.

By using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, a total of 17,741 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 17,631 patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention were analyzed to investigate the risk of new-onset AF after index admission of AMI.

There were 26.5% (N = 4696) of patients with STEMI and 39.5% (N = 6967) of patients with NSTEMI received DES implantation. Upon 1-year follow-up, we observed that DES placement was associated with a reduced 1-year risk of new-onset AF in the patients with NSTEMI (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.59–0.93, P = .009) after adjustment for clinical relevant variables. This benefit was consistent with that in the patients with NSTEMI who were ≥75 years old, had a CHA2DS2-VASc score of ≥2, and did not receive intra-aortic balloon pump insertion (aHR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53–0.98, P = .039; aHR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.586–0.92, P = .006; and aHR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.56–0.90, P = .004; respectively). However, DES placement had a neutral effect on the risk of new-onset AF in the patients with STEMI.

Compared with the use of BMS, the use of DES might reduce the risk of new-onset AF in patients with NSTEMI.
Reducing the radiation dose of pediatric paranasal sinus CT using an ultralow tube voltage (70 kVp) combined with iterative reconstruction
Authors: Chi Jing , Xu Dongfeng , Yin Shengnan , Li Man , Shen Li , Ding Ning , Chen Xiaofang , Ji Yiding
Published: August 2020

Background:

As the gold standard for imaging sinus disease, the main disadvantage of computed tomography (CT) of the pediatric paranasal sinus is radiation exposure. Because of this, 1 protocol for CT should reduce radiation dose while maintaining image quality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the image quality of dose-reduced paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) using an ultralow tube voltage (70 kVp) combined with iterative reconstruction (IR) in children.

Methods:

CT scans of the paranasal sinus were performed using different protocols [70 kVp protocols with IR, Group A, n = 80; 80 kVp protocols with a filtered back projection algorithm, Group B, n = 80] in 160 pediatric patients. Then, the volume-weighted CT dose index, dose-length product, and effective dose were estimated. Image noise, the signal-to-noise ratio and the diagnostic image quality were also evaluated.

Results:

For the radiation dose, the volume-weighted CT dose index, dose-length product and effective dose values were significantly lower for the 70 kVp protocols than for the 80 kVp protocols (P < .001). Compared with the 80 kVp protocols, the 70 kVp protocols had significantly higher levels of image noise (P = .001) and a lower signal-to-noise ratio (P = .002). No significant difference in the overall subjective image quality grades was observed between these 2 groups (P = .098).

Conclusion:

The ultralow tube voltage (70 kVp) technique combined with IR enabled a significant dose reduction in CT examinations performed in the pediatric paranasal sinus while maintaining diagnostic image quality with clinically acceptable image noise.
Value of anti-p53 antibody as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chang Yue , Liu Baiqing , Niu Haiyan , Wang Zhenguo , Xia Shihai , Li Hai
Published: August 2020

Introduction:

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks sixth in the world, but its mortality is the third highest due to the lack of early diagnostic markers. Nowadays, the increase of autoantibody levels has been found in many cancers, and many studies have begun to pay attention to the detection of anti-p53 antibodies in HCC. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively and comprehensively analyze the potential diagnostic value of anti-p53 autoantibodies in HCC

Methods:

English articles up to November 2019 were collected. The overall sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Besides, the positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic curves of the overall diagnostic accuracy of anti-p53 antibody were calculated by STATA software. Finally, according to the heterogeneity of the results, the subgroup analysis, and the publication bias were performed.

Results:

A total of 16 eligible studies were incorporated into this meta-analysis, including 1323 patients with HCC and 1896 control. The pooled sensitivity was 0.28(0.17–0.41) and specificity was 0.98 (0.95–0.99). The pooled DOR was 10.44 (6.31–17.29) and the pooled NLR was 0.74 (0.63–0.86). The area under ROC curve of symmetrical ROC was 0.840.

Conclusions:

The anti-p53 antibody has a high specificity for HCC, but the low sensitivity is not perfect and would limit the clinical application. The anti-p53 antibody would help rule out HCC but not help rule in HCC for early diagnosis. Whether combined as a diagnostic panel with other biomarkers or laboratory tests may prove useful requires further study.
Visual quality observation of clear lens extraction by ultrasonic phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in a child with microspherophakia
Authors: Liu Qian , Wang Xiaogang , Zhang Suhua
Published: August 2020

Rationale:

Microspherophakia is characterized by a small, spherical crystalline lens with increased sagittal diameter. Because of the uncertainty about the outcome, as well as the complexity of the operation and development of complications, the management and timing of surgical intervention for microspherophakia are still debated. Lens extraction is effective for avoiding the risk of pupillary blockage, but the outcome after operation is controversial. The iTrace (Tracey, USA) report shows the influence of low-order aberrations (LOA) and high-order aberrations (HOA), which may be valuable in predicting postoperative outcome. Our report concerns a child with microspherophakia who underwent lens extraction via the analysis of visual quality by iTrace.

Patient concerns:

Our report is on the case of a 7-year-old girl whose parents observed she had to bring her papers and books extremely close to her face to read. On examination, the girl was bilaterally diagnosed microspherophakia with a small tremble lens. The objective refraction was −15.0 diopter of spherical power (DS)/−1.00 diopter of cylindrical power (DC) × 180 right eye (OD) and −12.5 DS/−1.50 DC × 20 left eye (OS). The HOA of OD and OS were high up to 0.926 and 0.659, respectively by iTrace. The visual quality remained terrible after correcting LOA (high myopia and astigmatism). According to iTrace report, the patient would get a good visual quality by extracting the clear lens with HOA from cornea after correcting LOA. The girl's parent opted for surgery on the left eye.

Diagnosis:

Due to the patient's symptoms, examination results, she was diagnosed with microspherophakia.

Interventions:

The patient underwent clear lens extraction by ultrasonic phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation.

Outcomes:

The first day after operation, total HOA was decreased to 0.077. Total LOA was 0.713. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) is 20/20. One week after surgery, HOA was 0.110 and LOA was 0.328. CDVA was 20/25. CDVA was still 20/25 one month after surgery. The total HOA was 0.110 and the LOA was 0.334 by iTrace.

Lessons:

ITrace not only plays an important role in analyzing potential reasons of undesirable preoperative visual quality but also can predict postoperative outcomes. All these functions are helpful for determining surgical intervention of microspherophakia cases.
Explaining Disparities in Severe Headache and Migraine Among Sexual Minority Adults in the United States, 2013–2018
Authors: Heslin Kevin C.
Published: August 2020

Previous work has not examined how the association of sexual orientation and severe headache/migraine may be explained by differences between sexual minorities and heterosexuals in sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Using data from the 2013–2018 National Health Interview Survey, regression decomposition was used to identify determinants of disparities in headache/migraine between sexual minorities collectively and heterosexuals, as well as between bisexual men and gay men, and bisexual women and lesbians. The prevalence of headache/migraine was the highest among bisexual women (36.8%), followed by lesbians (24.7%), bisexual men (22.8%), heterosexual women (19.7%), gay men (14.8%), and heterosexual men (9.8%). Across all models, the largest percentage of the disparity between sexual orientation/gender groups was attributable to age (range, 18.3%–42.2%), serious psychological distress (range, 6.6%–14.0%), and hours of regular sleep (range, 1.7%–8.2%). Although age accounted for the largest part of the disparity in headache/migraine by sexual orientation, several modifiable risk factors also played a role.
Validation of the Telephone-Based Application of the ABILHAND for Assessment of Manual Ability After Stroke
Authors: Avelino Patrick R. , Menezes Kênia K. P. , Nascimento Lucas R. , Tenório Ruani A. , Cândido Gabriela N. , Christovão Isabela S. , Teixeira-Salmela Luci F.
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose:

Telephone-based assessment may be a valuable and cost-effective approach to improve monitoring and follow-up assessments in patients and research participants. Telephone-based assessment may be of particular value during times when it is important to reduce in-person contract, such as during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate concurrent validity of the telephone-based administration of the ABILHAND for the assessment of manual ability in individuals with stroke.

Methods:

Using a cross-sectional study design, participants with stroke were invited to answer the ABILHAND questionnaire on 2 randomized occasions, face to face and by telephone, 5 to 7 days apart. The mean difference (MD) between the interviews was calculated (95% confidence interval [95% CI]) to investigate the concurrent validity. Intraclass correlation (ICC) and weighted κ coefficients were used to investigate the agreement between face-to-face and telephone-based administration.

Results:

One hundred two participants (50 men; mean age = 65 years, SD = 13 years) were included. No significant differences were observed between the mean scores obtained with face-to-face and telephone-based administration of the ABILHAND (MD = −0.06; 95% CI, −0.72 to 0.60). Very high agreement was found between face-to-face and telephone-based administration (ICC = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85 to 0.93) on the ABILHAND total scores. Most of the individual items had moderate or substantial κ agreement.

Discussion and Conclusions:

Telephone-based administration of the ABILHAND is valid for the assessment of manual ability after stroke. Clinicians and researchers may use the ABILHAND for monitoring manual ability in persons with stroke and/or screening potential research participants.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A318).