bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Covering a reduced spherical body by a disk
Authors: Musielak M.
Published: October 2020

UDC 514
In this paper, the following theorems are proved: (1) every spherical convex body of constant width may be covered by a disk of radius (2) every reduced spherical convex body of thickness may be covered by a disk of radius
W. WUNDT AS THE FOUNDER OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Позняков В.П.
Published: October 2020

Представлена оценка вклада, который внес В. Вундт в становление социальной психологии, а также значения его трудов для дальнейшего развития этой психологической отрасли. В своем капитальном труде «Психология народов» и других публикациях, посвященных этой теме, Вундт сформулировал целый ряд теоретических и методологических проблем, актуальных для современного состояния социальной психологии и перспектив ее развития. К их числу относятся постановка психосоциальной проблемы, вопроса о соотношении социальных и собственно психологических явлений, вопроса о соотношении индивидуальной и коллективной (общественной) психологии. Вундт провозгласил междисциплинарность знаний об объектах и явлениях материальной и духовной культуры, которые являются носителями и выразителями общественной психологии, а также необходимость синтеза методов и понятий исторической науки, этнографии и культурологии, языкознания, социологии и психологии. Он один из первых сформулировал представления об этнической (кросскультурной) специфике социально-психологических явлений, их исторической обусловленности. Это позволяет с полным правом охарактеризовать его как одного из основоположников социальной психологии.

The article presents an assessment of the contribution that Wundt made to the formation of social psychology, as well as the significance of his works for the further development of this psychological branch. In his major work "Psychology of peoples" and other publications on this topic, Wundt formulated several theoretical and methodological problems relevant to the current state of social psychology and its development prospects. These include the formulation of a psychosocial problem, the question of the relationship between social and psychological phenomena proper, and the question of the relationship between individual and collective (social) psychology. Wundt proclaimed the interdisciplinarity of knowledge about objects and phenomena of material and spiritual culture, which are the carriers and exponents of social psychology. Necessity of synthesis of methods and concepts of historical science, Ethnography and cultural studies, linguistics, sociology and psychology. Wundt was one of the first to formulate ideas about the ethnic (cross-cultural) specifics of socio-psychological phenomena and their historical conditionality. This makes it possible to characterize him as one of the founders of social psychology.
Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics
Authors: Burckhardt Daniel , Dalle Cort Giulia , Queiroz Dalva Luiz de
Published: October 2020

The Neotropical species of the predominantly north temperate genusAphalaraare reviewed. Four species are recorded here from this region, two of which are described as new.Aphalara ritterisp. nov.occurs in southern Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina) and represents the first and only species reported from South America. A second new species,Aphalara ortegaesp. nov., is described from Mexico and Puerto Rico. Another two species,Aphalara persicariaCaldwell, 1937 andA. similaCaldwell, 1937, have been previously reported from Mexico and the USA, and one of them also from Cuba. The two new species are both associated withPersicaria hydropiperoidesandP. punctata(Polygonaceae) on which the immatures induce leaf roll galls. The two new species are morphologically similar toA. persicaria, to which they are probably closely related. A key is provided for the adults and immatures of the Neotropical species ofAphalara.
Le modèle biopsychosocial et le nouvel humanisme médical
Authors: Bolton Derek , Tinland Julia , Giroux Élodie , Ferry-Danini Juliette
Published: October 2020

Plusieurs aspects du modèle biopsychosocial promeuvent une approche humaniste en médecine. Cependant, Engel a explicitement rejeté un humanisme médical qui s’opposerait à la science. En adoptant une approche fondée sur la science des systèmes pour étudier les êtres humains, la santé et la maladie, Engel défend une approche scientifique pour améliorer la qualité des soins cliniques, ou autrement dit, une approche qui se prête à un examen scientifique de cette question.
Case Study: Blended Learning Approach in Pool Lifeguard Training
Authors: Jackson Shaun David
Published: October 2020

The Pool Lifeguard Skill Set (SISSS00111), recognised across Australia, is targeted at those that wish to be professionally certified as a Pool Lifeguard in Australia. Incorporating risk management, supervision, communication, aquatic rescue and emergency care training, the audience covers a broad demographic in city and regional locations. The course has traditionally been taught through pre-course workbooks, reference to a manual, and face-to-face training sessions. While this traditional approach has been effective, Royal Life Saving wished to offer a more engaging and memorable pre-course delivery method.  The goal was to enable students to arrive at the face-to-face training with a stronger, more embedded knowledge of key concepts and principles and allow for more face-to-face training time to be devoted to becoming proficient in the role’s important practical skills, such as aquatic rescue, first aid and advanced CPR.  Hence, a project to develop an e-learning blended delivery solution was undertaken.  The intention was that the online component of the course be completed prior to the face-to-face training and that it should augment the lifeguarding manual.  It was also important that it is highly learner-centred, requiring learners to interact with the screens in order to access the key content and that it is a visually pleasing product with a quality aesthetic design.
Disruptions of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Ganiyu Idris Olayiwola , Oyedele Ola Olusegun , Derera Evelyn
Published: October 2020

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has resulted in the disruption of the world of work whereby technological innovation such as artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics. These disruptions may be creative in that as some jobs are lost due to the development of artificial intelligence, new ones are created. This chapter explored the impact of disruptive technological innovations on the future of work. The skill gaps brought about by the emergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution was also explored in this chapter.
Reskilling and Upskilling to Develop Global Relevance in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Oladele Kehinde Oladapo , Lisoyi Eniola Olutunde , Abe Isaac Idowu
Published: October 2020

The chapter identifies factors that influence readiness, acceptance and skill acquisition that are relevant in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and to expose the reader to the advantages the 4IR offers. To harness and embrace changes cum strategies that can be adopted to equip individuals across generations with the core skills needed in the workplace. A systematic literature review approach will be adopted to expand on the variables of the activated classroom model, which can create a teaching and learning environment that empower learners with needed creativity and an innovative mindset to better position them for the fourth industrial revolution. This chapter will highlight issues in conventional teaching and learning methods, how they limit creativity in learners and how the activated classroom model solves these issues. It is imperative to focus on teaching and learning methods, as the world is a constantly changing global village and will require individuals to learn, unlearn and relearn concepts to acquire new skills to stay relevant.
Gender Disparity in Educational Achievement in India
Authors: Gudimetla Satya Sekhar Venkata
Published: October 2020

The primary objective of this chapter is to focus on progress of literacy achievement in India and factors influencing literacy rate are identified with regression models. A gender disparity index is prepared to analyse trends in differentials among male-female literacy achievement. India is now facing the challenge of achieving universalization of primary education to achieve status of a ‘literate country'. It is known fact that literacy and primary education are interdependent. A literate country will be a progressive-oriented country. It is observed that educational backwardness is due to various reasons like unsatisfactory progress of policy implementation, high level of illiteracy and dropout rates. Literacy rate is the best possible barometer to judge the level of educational awakening in a state, leading to a minimum capacity for self-learning. The empirical evidence substantiates the factors influencing educational achievement.
Factors Affecting the Motivation and Productivity at the Workplace
Authors: Maqsood Zeeshan , Sardar Iqra , Kumar Bezon
Published: October 2020

This chapter mainly explores the significant factors influencing the motivation and productivity of female university teachers in the workplace. This chapter uses primary data and several methods in achieving the objectives. This chapter finds that all the factors considered in the study have a significant impact on the motivation and productivity of female university teachers. The analysis also reveals that almost all the factors of motivation, work environment, and productivity have a relationship with one another. More specifically, this chapter finds that female teachers get motivation and increase their productivity when they are satisfied with their basic needs, job safety, work environment gets support from their families, get self-determination and get supportive behavior from the supervisor. Therefore, this chapter calls for policymakers to take proper initiatives in increasing female university teachers' motivation and productivity by considering the above factors.
Moral Psychology and Artificial Agents (Part One)
Authors: Laakasuo Michael , Sundvall Jukka R. I. , Berg Anton , Drosinou Marianna , Herzon Volo , Kunnari Anton , Koverola Mika , Repo Marko , Saikkonen Teemu , Palomäki Jussi
Published: October 2020

This is the first of two chapters introducing the moral psychology of robots and transhumanism. Evolved moral cognition and the human conceptual system has naturally embedded difficulties in coping with the new moral challenges brought on by emerging future technologies. The reviewed literature outlines our contemporary understanding based on evolutionary psychology of humans as cognitive organisms. The authors then give a skeletal outline of moral psychology. These fields together suggest that there are many innate and cultural mechanisms which influence how we understand technology and have blind spots in recognizing the moral issues related to them. They discuss human tool use and cognitive categories and show how tools have shaped our evolution. The first part closes by introducing a new concept: the new ontological category (NOC i.e. robots and AI), which did not exist in our evolution. They explain how the NOC is fundamentally confounding for our moral cognitive machinery. In part two, they apply the background provided here on recent empirical studies in the moral psychology of robotics and transhumanism.
Moral Psychology and Artificial Agents (Part Two)
Authors: Laakasuo Michael , Sundvall Jukka R. I. , Berg Anton , Drosinou Marianna , Herzon Volo , Kunnari Anton , Koverola Mika , Repo Marko , Saikkonen Teemu , Palomäki Jussi
Published: October 2020

Part 1 concluded by introducing the concept of the new ontological category – explaining how our cognitive machinery does not have natural and intuitive understanding of robots and AIs, unlike we have for animals, tools, and plants. Here the authors review findings in the moral psychology of robotics and transhumanism. They show that many peculiarities arise from the interaction of human cognition with robots, AIs, and human enhancement technologies. Robots are treated similarly, but not completely, like humans. Some such peculiarities are explained by mind perception mechanisms. On the other hand, it seems that transhumanistic technologies like brain implants and mind uploading are condemned, and the condemnation is motivated by our innate sexual disgust sensitivity mechanisms.
Responsive Tectonics
Authors: Koş Fitnat Cimşit , Gasseloğlu Mehmet Ali
Published: October 2020

This chapter aims to relentlessly zoom in and out to integrate the relationship between the environment and the human across the frameworks of the organizational, morphological, and social spatial encounters for producing responsive micro-tectonics in design studios. These alternative tectonic prototypes set out to explore the techniques (models and methods) with which to re-think and re-design the brief of space making. It is substantial to introduce architecture to first year students not as a static phenomenon but as a discipline of responsive space making. The fact that students who experience such a first class will not approach the space as a purely physical and static phenomenon carries serious potential. This process tries to occupy a context to have the moments where the codes can flip, so people have an escape hatch, a choice about material, scale, pattern, and other unexpected dialogues.
Exploring Futuring and Predictive Analytics for Developing Organizational Strategy
Authors: Starns Victor Alan
Published: October 2020

The study addresses the type of leadership styles that promote Innovation, transformational, and adaptive leadership—in this study of futuring, discussing the evolving role of the futurist within the organization. The discussion of the history of futurists within the organization for the public and private sectors looks at the part of the futurist to determine the relevance of today compared to 20 years ago. Also, it looks at how the futurist can utilize the futurist's techniques in their organization. The study of predictive analytics addresses the use of predictive analytics with examples of companies that use predictive analytics, and the reasons they use predictive analytics—examining predictive analytics to determine if they are driving more informed business decisions. The article explores the relationship between big data and predictive analytics and if big data is responsible for the popularity of predictive analytics.
Country of Origin and Consumer Perceptions
Authors: Mandal Pratap Chandra
Published: October 2020

Different products and brands come from different countries. Consumer perceptions and country images are developed because of country of origin. Country of origin affects global brands. Consumer perceptions about global brands are related to stereotyping, ethnocentrism, industrialization, technological developments, and fads. Consumer perceptions create influences on brand choices and acceptance of brands. Consumer perceptions about country of origin should be improved. Companies adopt a number of strategies and initiatives to overcome and improve country-of-origin perceptions. A proper understanding of consumer perceptions about country of origin is required for managers to realize consumer preferences about global brands and the connections between consumer perceptions and country of origin. All these will allow companies to establish their products and brands in foreign markets, sell their brands, and achieve business excellence.
A Probabilistic Deep Learning Approach for Twitter Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Abdelkader Mostefai
Published: October 2020

In recent years, increasing attention is being paid to sentiment analysis on microblogging platforms such as Twitter. Sentiment analysis refers to the task of detecting whether a textual item (e.g., a tweet) contains an opinion about a topic. This paper proposes a probabilistic deep learning approach for sentiments analysis. The deep learning model used is a convolutional neural network (CNN). The main contribution of this approach is a new probabilistic representation of the text to be fed as input to the CNN. This representation is a matrix that stores for each word composing the message the probability that it belongs to a positive class and the probability that it belongs to a negative class. The proposed approach is evaluated on four well-known datasets HCR, OMD, STS-gold, and a dataset provided by the SemEval-2017 Workshop. The results of the experiments show that the proposed approach competes with the state-of-the-art sentiment analyzers and has the potential to detect sentiments from textual data in an effective manner.
Turkish Digital Children's Rights Scale
Authors: Nawaila Muhammad Bello , Kanbul Sezer
Published: October 2020

In order to reduce children's online risks as well as promote online opportunities, provide digital literacy, mediation, and internet safe use, it is imperative to acquire a better understanding of digital children's rights. In order to address this problem and to provide a representative voice for the millions of Turkish speaking children, the authors developed T-GKOS, a reliable and validated digital children's rights scale in Turkish adopted from GKOS (the English version). The Turkish digital child right scale (T-GKOS) was designed, tested, and validated with numerous factors regarding digital children's rights. Two hundred seventy-seven Turkish-Cypriot children answered the question on digital children's rights. it was noted that mediation plays a better role than digital literacy when it comes to children risk and online security while gender does not play a vital role.
The Effect of Scaffolding-Assisted Group Investigation Learning and Self-Efficacy on Social Problem-Solving Ability
Authors: Wiwik Wiwik
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of group investigation learning assisted by scaffolding and self-efficacy on social problem-solving skills. The experimental design used in this study was a quasi-factorial design experiment pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design with a 2x2 factorial version. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA. The research subjects involved 67 students of class 9 SMP Negeri 36 Surabaya. Learning applies two different treatments, the investigation group learning strategy assisted by scaffolding which is applied to 9A students and group investigation learning strategies without scaffolding applied to students in 9B. There are two findings in this research: (1) The group of students who learned by the investigation group learning strategy assisted by scaffolding was better than without scaffolding. (2) The group of students who have high self-efficacy gets better social problem-solving learning outcomes. The originality of this research is the learning of scaffolding-assisted group investigation to improve social problem-solving skills.
Deep Learning-Based Models for Porosity Measurement in Thermal Barrier Coating Images
Authors: Lu Yongjin , Chen Wei-Bang , Wang Xiaoliang , Ailsworth Zanyah , Tsui Melissa , Al-Ghaib Huda , Zimmerman Ben
Published: October 2020

This work trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to identify microstructure characteristics and then provide a measurement of porosity in the topcoat layer (TCL) of thermal barrier coatings using digital images captured by an inverted optical microscope. Porosity in a coating is related to thermal compensation and the longevity of the parts protected by the coating. The approach employs pixel-wise classification and transfer learning accompanied by data augmentation to expedite the training process and increase classification accuracy. The authors evaluate CNN-based models globally on the entire TCL of 159 high resolution raw images of three types (Type A, B, C) that are generated from three different types of powders and exhibit different physical and visual properties. The experimental results show that the CNN-based models outperform adaptive local thresholding-based porosity measurement (ALTPM) approach that this paper proposed in the previous work by 7.76%, 10.82%, and 12.10% respectively for Type A, Type B, and Type C images in terms of the average classification accuracy.
PACTO NACIONAL PELA ALFABETIZAÇÃO NA IDADE CERTA: UM DESTAQUE À EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA NO PNAIC
Authors: Barreto Lucia Cristina Dalago , Shimazaki Elsa Midori
Published: October 2020

Este artigo discute o caderno intitulado “A alfabetização de crianças com deficiência: uma proposta inclusiva”, destinado aos professores alfabetizadores cursistas do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa (PNAIC). Realizamos uma análise qualitativa, utilizando como aporte teórico os pressupostos da perspectiva Histórico Cultural, e quantitativa, por meio dos dados da entrevista realizada junto a 10 municípios, dentre 174, capacitados por uma Universidade Estadual do Paraná. Destacamos a importância do programa quanto às discussões relacionadas à alfabetização dos alunos inclusos nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental e, ao mesmo tempo, indicamos uma revisão teórica e aprofundamento dos conteúdos como possibilidade de melhoria para os próximos cursos.
INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE E ESPAÇOS DIALÓGICOS NA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Nacinovic Rafaela do Carmo Pacheco , Rodrigues Maria Goretti Andrade
Published: October 2020

A educação especial teve seu início profundamente marcado pelo campo da saúde e do modelo biomédico de deficiência. Apesar do avanço das políticas públicas no sentido de uma concepção biopsicossocial, a hegemonia do campo biológico ainda perdura, provocando uma captura desses modos de existência através de explicações unilaterais. A proposta desse artigo é analisar, a partir do prisma da interdisciplinaridade na educação inclusiva, as possibilidades de articulação dialógica para a superação da hegemonia da medicina sobre a educação especial. São analisados dois conceitos previstos na organização da educação inclusiva: a intersetorialidade nas ações e o caráter transversal da educação especial. A cartografia é trazida como viés metodológico enquanto criador de espaços comuns. Apresentamos um relato de experiência que traz a intersetorialidade como princípio dinamizador do diálogo entre os atores implicados na educação do aluno. A partir da interdisciplinaridade abrem-se espaços comuns na escola, e a partir da intersetorialidade amplia-se o contato entre saúde e educação, chamando à cena outros profissionais, a família e a comunidade. Essa conjuntura favorece o diálogo entre os saberes e a superação dessa hierarquia biomédica ao criar condições para que outras disciplinas contribuam com a educação especial.
A INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE NAS SALAS DE RECURSOS MULTIFUNCIONAIS: UMA INTEGRAÇÃO EM BUSCA DA PROMOÇÃO DO ALUNO COM NECESSIDADES ESPECIAIS NO ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO
Authors: Mansur Georgia Santana da Silva , Fitaroni Márcia de Oliveira Lima , Gomes Geórgia Regina Rodrigues
Published: October 2020

O presente estudo, desenvolvido através de pesquisa bibliográfica, possui o desígnio de apresentar a relevância da interdisciplinaridade junto às salas de recursos multifuncionais, tencionando a promoção no processo de ensino aprendizagem dos alunos com necessidades especiais. Neste contexto a interdisciplinaridade é apresentada como uma proposta para a promoção do processo de ensino aprendizagem dos alunos com necessidades especiais, no atendimento educacional especializado no âmbito das salas de recursos multifuncionais, junto a equipes multiprofissionais. A metodologia utilizada foi a qualitativa, de caráter bibliográfico, tendo como aporte teórico autores como: Fazenda (1994, 2011, 2015), Freire (2011), Pereira (2008), Salgado e Souza (2017), Gil (2007), Demo (2017), entre outras leituras. Pode-se dizer que a atuação interdisciplinar nas salas de recursos multiprofissionais proporciona uma gama de olhares diferenciados sobre uma mesma conjuntura, o que possibilita a construção de subsídios para promoção destes alunos no processo de ensino aprendizagem, sendo também subsídio ao docente especialista desta sala de recursos multifuncionais, que por muitas vezes se vê sozinho neste processo.
Configurações, sujeitos e apropriações:
Authors: Cechella Philippi Carolina
Published: October 2020

Resenha de: VIDAL, Diana Gonçalves; RABELO, Rafaela Silva (orgs). Movimento Internacional da Educação Nova. Belo Horizonte: Fino Traço, 2020.
Privatização das creches em São Paulo e seus efeitos sobre a qualidade da oferta
Authors: Franco Dalva , Domiciano Cassia Alessandra , Adrião Theresa
Published: October 2020

Este texto apresenta resultados de pesquisa de doutoramento com foco nas implicações da expansão da oferta de creche conveniada (zero a três anos) no município de São Paulo para a qualidade do atendimento a esta etapa de escolaridade. O período de análise compreende os anos 2002 a 2012 que corresponde à transferência das creches da assistência social para educação. Com base nos insumos que compõem o Custo Aluno Qualidade Inicial (CAQi): estrutura e funcionamento; trabalhadores e trabalhadoras; gestão democrática e acesso e permanência, comparamos a qualidade das creches públicas com as conveniadas o que nos fez concluir a superioridade das primeiras em relação às segundas, reafirmando o que diferentes teóricos da área já indicaram. Para análise levantaram-se documentos oficiais que regulam a educação pública e conveniada, dados de oferta e os insumos previstos no CAQi, informações estas dispostas nos sites da prefeitura e na Secretaria Municipal de Educação
Low-Temperature Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using the HDDR Process for Electrochemical Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Benitez Jara F.G. , Cruz P. D. V. , Barbosa Lusinete Pereira , Casini J.C.S. , Sakata S. K. , Peruzzi A.J. , Faria R.N.
Published: October 2020

In the present work, attempts of reducing a graphene oxide powder using a low temperature hydrogenation disproportionation desorption and the recombination process (L-HDDR) has been carried out. A lower processing temperature in large scale production is significant when costs are concerned. Graphite oxide was prepared using a modified Hummers’ method dispersed in ethanol and exfoliated using ultrasonication to produce Graphene Oxide (GO). Investigations have been carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results of L-HDDR processing graphene oxide powder, using unmixed hydrogen at 400°C and relatively low pressures (<2 bars) have been reported. X-ray diffraction patterns showed a reduction of graphene oxide with the L-HDDR process. The results showed that both processes, the L-HDDR as well as the standard HDDR, may be applied to the reduction of graphene oxide in order to produce supercapacitor materials. The advantage of employing the L-HDDR process is a relatively low temperature reducing the cost of treatment, what is a very important factor for producing a large amount of material. Thus, the L-HDDR process has been considered a promising alternative method of reducing graphene oxide with efficiency, with the possibility of large scale production.
Waste of Civil Construction for Use in Mortar and Production of Structural Concrete
Authors: dos Santos Jheison Lopes , Cerqueira Niander Aguiar , de Azevedo Afonso Rangel Garcez , Costa Alan Marinho , Marvila M.T. , Cecchin Daiane , Gomes Marcio Zago , Monteiro Sergio Neves
Published: October 2020

Civil construction is a sector of extreme impact on the Brazilian economy, both in terms of jobs as well as consumption of raw material and waste generation. Civil construction waste (CCW) represents a large part of the total mass of municipal solid waste in a medium and large city. An alternative to diminish these released wastes is to reuse them. In this work, a study was carried out using CCW both to produce concrete with sand substitution and as a small aggregate for use in mortar. The compression strength of structural concrete and mortar, with total and partial replacement of sand, was analyzed. In addition, the consistency of mortar with the replacing was also studied. The results of the compression test indicate superior quality for concretes (75wt% CCW) and mortar with CCW incorporation. The required amount of water for good workability in the modified mortar is 310 g, against 270 g for the reference mortar.
Evaluation of the Influence of Pre-Alloyed Powder Fe65Nb on the Production of Metal Matrices by Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Silva A.C.G. , Oliveira Hellen C.P. , Leal Thales Eduardo , Assis Paulo Santos
Published: October 2020

The objective of this paper is to study Fe65Nb-Cu metal matrices, thus varying the content of the pre-alloyed Fe65Nb powder from 10% to 100%. Therefore, powders of Fe65Nb and Cu were used, innovating in the chemical composition of the commonly used matrices. The objective is to evaluate the substitution of Co (toxic element, commonly used) by Nb (98.2% of reserves are Brazilian). For the sintering of the samples it was used hot pressing technique. The parameters were set at: 850°C / 35MPa / 3min. The sintered bodies underwent SEM/EDS analysis and density and porosity measurements were performed. From the results it is possible to say that the compositions of (10% and 30% Fe65Nb) presented the best physical and mechanical properties. The relative density decreases for the compositions with 40%, 50% and 60% Fe65Nb is justified by the presence of fragile particles in metal matrices, since they require more energy in order to efficiently transport matter (diffusion) in a solid state.
Inhibitory Action of Persian Pyrifoliabark Extract against Corrosion of SAE 1020 Carbon Steel in Sodium Chloride Medium
Authors: Vieira C. , Borges D. , Oliszeski D.C.S. , Larsson L.F.G. , Banczek E.P.
Published: October 2020

Carbon steel is one of the most commonly used alloys in industrial applications due to its physicochemical properties and low cost. However, the use of this metal material may become limited due to its vulnerability to corrosion. Thus, it is necessary to use methods that inhibit corrosion. Organic compounds with heteroatoms possess the characteristic of inhibiting corrosion by forming a protective film. The corrosion protection of SAE 1020 carbon steel, promoted by the aqueous extract of Persea pyrifolia (PP) bark, was evaluated in this work at extract concentrations of 5% and 10% v/v, in order to replace an inhibitor of synthetic origin with an ecologically benign inhibitor. Plant extracts are generally inexpensive and can be obtained through simple extraction processes. The objective of this work was to study the use of PP peel extract as a carbon steel corrosion inhibitor (SAE 1020). The electrochemical response was determined by measurements including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and anodic potentiodynamic polarization (PPA) in a 0.5 M sodium chloride medium. The samples were characterized by optical microscopy to evaluate the type of corrosion.
Laser Welding Influence on Corrosion Rate of Galvanized Sheets of DP600 Automobilistic Alloy
Authors: Mazur Viviane Teleginski , Nascimento Sílvia Rosa , Oliveira Marilei de Fátima , Braz Willer Cézar , de Castro Correard Gilson Carlos , Lima Milton Sergio Fernandes , Mazur Maurício Marlon
Published: October 2020

Corrosion rate behavior of laser welded dual-phase galvanized steel, DP 600, has been assessed in comparison with the material without the laser weld, in 3.5% NaCl solution. Three combinations of both scanning speed and laser power parameters were selected, maintaining the thermal input of 30 J mm-1, calculated as the ratio between the laser beam power [W] and the scanning speed [mm s-1]. The corrosion studies included measurements of open circuit potential, micro and macro polarization, showing higher corrosion rates as scanning speed decreased. Optical microscopy showed the formation of a grain size refined morphology in the heat affected zone and fusion zone. A mechanism has been proposed to explain the corrosion behavior as a function of the laser parameters, which dictated the galvanized coating vaporization.
Influence of Roughness on Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel SAE 1020 and DOMEX® 700 MC Steel
Authors: Takahashi Yuji de Araújo , Banczek Everson do Prado , Teleginski Mazur Viviane , do Nascimento Rosa Sílvia
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the relationship between corrosion resistance and roughness in the samples of carbon steel SAE 1020 and DOMEX® 700 MC steel. Surfaces with different roughnesses were compared. The metal alloys were analyzed via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), anodic potentiodynamic polarization (APP), roughness tester and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that the samples exhibited different behavior with respect to corrosion resistance, according to the surface conditions and materials that were tested. The lowest roughness values represented the best results in the electrochemical tests. The samples of carbon steel with lower maximum depth of valleys (Rv) showed the best protection properties compared to other samples.
LaFeO3 Modified RuO2 for Enhancing Electrochemical Performances
Authors: Li Shuai , Zhang Zhi Gang , Chen Xin Yuan , Jiang Xiao Yu
Published: October 2020

LaFeO3nanoparticles-modified RuO2and RuO2samples were fabricated by a thermal decomposition and was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and cyclic voltammetry tests. XRD results reveal that the RuO2and RuO2-LaFeO3samples are mainly a rutile structure. Compared with the RuO2sample, the RuO2-LaFeO3sample has smaller crystalline grain size. Cyclic voltammetry analysis shows the voltammetric behaviour and the characteristic potentials of the RuO2and the RuO2-LaFeO3samples are similar in 1.0 M KOH solution. Voltammetric charge analysis reveals that the RuO2-LaFeO3sample has higher concentrated of surface active species and larger exposed surface area than the RuO2sample. Capacitive measurement results show the Double-layer capacitance (Cdl) and the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) values of the RuO2-LaFeO3sample are approximately 2 times larger than those of the RuO2sample, indicating that the electrochemical active surface area increase when integrating of RuO2with LaFeO3nanoparticles.
Microhabitat selection of the Western green lizard Lacerta bilineata
Authors: Luppi Massimiliano , Gentilli Augusto , Bogliani Giuseppe
Published: October 2020

We examined the characteristics of microhabitats selected by Western green lizards, Lacerta bilineata. Model selection was carried out with the Information-theoretic approach that focuses on the estimation of effect size and measures of its precision. Our results show that the Western green lizard selects positively sites with good shrub cover, necessary as shelter, while it avoids areas with bare soil where there are no refuges. Additionally, lizards showed a positive selection of rocks (located exclusively in artificial riverbanks) that represent a suitable habitat for thermoregulation and sheltering. The results of our work, and particularly the negative effects of bare soil and the positive effects of shrub cover, confirm the need to restore the network of hedgerows and other linear elements in cultivated landscapes in order to create suitable areas for L. bilineata.
Barriers to research productivity among gastroenterologists and hepatologists in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlSardi Mais , AlAskar Dimah , Alsahafi Majid , AlAmeel Turki , Al Sulais Eman
Published: October 2020

Background:

Clinical research is essential for the advancement of medical knowledge and evidence-based medical practice. In this study, we aimed to identify barriers that limit research productivity among gastroenterologists in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

We conducted a national online survey targeting gastroenterologists in Saudi Arabia. Participants were asked about the patterns of their practice, their prior research activities, and potential barriers to research productivity. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine the association between different factors and research productivity.

Results:

A total of 85 gastroenterologists completed the survey. Respondents were predominantly male physicians (90.6%) and 40% of them belonged to the age group of 40-49 years. About 85.9% had at least one prior research participation of any type. Around 67.1% of the respondents had been a primary investigator at least once in the last 5 years, while only 23.5% had been a primary investigator at a minimum average rate of once a year. Multiple barriers to research productivity were identified: insufficient research time (78.8%), lack of funding and compensation (77.6%), lack of a statistician (68.2%), insufficient research training (64.7%), lack of connection (60%), lack of technical support (57.6%), and lack of interest (31%). On univariate analysis, insufficient research time and lack of funding and compensation were significantly associated with no research participation (P <0.01 and 0.03, respectively). On multivariate analysis, lack of funding and compensation was independently associated with no research participation (adjusted OR 15.32;95% C.I 2.66, 121.58, P < 0.01).

Conclusions:

Barriers to research productivity are highly prevalent among gastroenterologists in Saudi Arabia. Insufficient research time and lack of funding and compensation are the most common. Interventions are needed to promote research activities.
Antimicrobial compounds from the Kenyan Ganoderma adspersum (Schulz.) Donk species
Authors: Mayaka Regina Kemunto , Njue Alice Wanjiku , Langat Moses Kiprotich , Cheplogoi Peter Kiplagat , Omolo Josiah Ouma
Published: October 2020

The emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogens has continuously increased, leading to a growing worldwide health threat due to infectious diseases. And therefore in our search for antibacterial and antifungal compounds from the polypore Ganoderma adspersum, the dried, ground fruiting bodies of G. adspersum were extracted with methanol and solvent removed in a rotary evaporator. The extract was suspended in distilled water, then partitioned using ethyl acetate solvent to obtain an ethyl acetate extract. The extract was fractionated and purified using column chromatographic method and further purification on sephadex LH20. The chemical structures were determined on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data from 1H and 13C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, 1H-1H COSY, and NOESY experiments. Antimicrobial activity against clinically important bacterial and fungal strains was assessed and zones of inhibition were recorded. Compound (1), ergosta-7,22-dien-3-one weakly inhibited the growth of Gram positive bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia and a fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Compounds ergosta-7,22-dien-3-ol (2) and ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol (3) also inhibited gram positive Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria.Keywords: Polypores, steroid compounds, antimicrobial activity.
FACTORS AFFECTING DISPOSITION EFFECT IN EQUITY INVESTMENT: A SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Kajol K. , Biswas Prasita , Singh Ranjit , Moid Sana , Das Amit Kumar
Published: October 2020

The study aims at identifying the factors influencing the disposition effect acting on equity investors and further identifying the relationship between the influencing factors. The study aims at conducting a complete analysis of the influencing factors along with measuring their impact on disposition effect using Social Network Analysis (SNA).The factors affecting disposition effect on investors were identified through the literature review. Experts’ opinions were sought for determining the relationship among the factors and finally, the importance of those factors was analyzed using Social Network Analysis (SNA). It was found that social trust, investor emotion are the two most important factors affecting the other factors of disposition effect and consequently disposition effect finally. Besides, mental accounting; regret aversion, trading intensity, trading volume, and portfolio performance strongly influence the effect of disposition on investors because of their higher in-degree and out-degree. Therefore, the policymakers need to impart training to the investors to understand the mechanism of the stock market so that they can evaluate their standing in the stock market which, in the long run, will be reflected in their investment behavior.
Physical Enclavement and Livelihoods of Peasants in Menchum Valley, North West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Aye Adela Azie , Aristide Yemmafouo
Published: October 2020

This work seeks to evaluate, the links between the physical effects of enclavement and the development of the rural sector in Menchum Valley of the North West Region of Cameroon. It postulates the deterrent effect of physical enclavement on the livelihood of the people. Data collected from the field between 2017 and 2019 using the survey method (quantitative and qualitative methods 96 questionnaires administered, 6 focus groups, and 530 sample size), was treated using SPSS and Excel. The findings brought out 3 basic issues which are: enclavement naturally affects the inputs and output in the area, it discourages peasants’ agricultural sales as the main source of livelihood and inaccessibility induced by physical enclavement[1] principally in the rainy season makes movement in and out of the area difficult and renders the people poor due to the fact that there are few buyers and many sellers thus supply greater than demand and prices are low. A total of 80% of the respondents think that the Menchum Falls (nature’s gift to the Valley) can be a very strong force in disenclaving Menchum Valley and improving on their quality of live of the people if a dam to harness electricity is constructed on it.
Gastric Diverticulum in Computed Tomography
Authors: SÖNMEZ TOPCU Feyza , KOC Umit
Published: October 2020

Gastric diverticula (GD) are the outpouchings of the stomach wall. They are the least common diverticula of the gastrointestinal system (GIS). They are usually asymptomatic and are diagnosed accidentally by upper gastrointestinal contrast radiographic studies or endoscopy. Identification is important as they can cause serious complications such as bleeding or perforation. We herein present a case of asymptomatic congenital gastric diverticulum which was seen in computed tomography and proved with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
Regulation Implementation Effectiveness of Outdoors Users in Town Square of Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Melati Harum Bunga
Published: October 2020

Bandung Square in Indonesia is a public outdoors that has many visitors from various regions. One of the parts that make up Bandung town square is sign boards as a symbol of written rules that all square visitors must obey. The background of this research is that Bandung town square is equipped with a lot of sign boards with different rules in every corner. Besides, civil service police units and public protection officers also take part in guarding around Bandung town square, so the researcher want to know more about the implementation of the rules contained in the Bandung town square because the researcher still found several violations. This study aims to determine the regulation implementation effectiveness of outdoors users in town square of Bandung. The advantages of this goal are as a reflection for social institutions in maintaining public regulation and as a reminder to town square visitors to be more obedient to the rules that applied to maintain comfort. This type of research is a qualitative research conducted using descriptive methods. Research data were collected using interviews with instruments in the form of questions about the subject matter. The data collected was described using qualitative-descriptive analysis. Based on data findings in the field, it shows that the implementation of the regulation in Bandung town square is quite effective, because there are still some violations found and their social institutions are still less firm and conducive in carrying out social control there. So, public order still has not been achieved according to the expected goals.
Lived Experiences of the Left-Handed: A Case of Solusi University, Zimbabwe
Authors: Dumizulu Manungo Rodgers
Published: October 2020

This study purposed to explore the lived-experiences of students and workers at Solusi University, Zimbabwe. Questionnaires were administered amongst 24 participants to gather information, which was interpreted through structured and unstructured themes. The highlighted themes, which have implications on the public and private sectors, included heredity, strength in particular areas, discrimination and suppression as well as the impact of family, religion and culture. Key findings of this study revealed that there is still intolerance of the left-handers using the left-hand for chores, such as cooking, eating and writing. Another finding, which provided more questions than answers, was whether or not handedness is hereditary due to mixed results. In addition, this study found out that the left-handers faced equipment challenges at home and educational institutions. Another finding, which might need further investigation pertained the psychological effects of forced suppression of the use of the left-hand. Recommendations of this study include a need for the use of the international day of the left-handed for awareness and mobilization to support the left handed. In addition, national and institutional policy formulators and implementers should make deliberate efforts towards facilitating for user-friendly equipment and items for the left-handers.
Developing of The Web Sharing as a Media of Cathartic Stress for Students in School: an Initial Assessments by Prospective Users
Authors: Firdaus Maylia , Hotifah Yuliati , Flurentin Elia
Published: October 2020

This is an initial study tried to develop student sharing websites and integrated by guidelines that have justified their acceptability by authorities and potential users of the device. The research adapted from Borg and Gall's research and development stages. The results of the initial assessment by prospective users (counselors and students) indicate that the web student sharing site and this guidebook reach the acceptance criteria on aspects of accuracy, usability, and attractiveness. However, several features related to improving the website peripherals are the main aspects that are considered for promoting the conclusion of this study in the future. The web student sharing sites as academic stress catharsis media for high school students is fit to be checked more extensively.