bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional salience but not valence impacts anterior cingulate cortex conflict processing
Authors: Duggirala Suvarnalata Xanthate , Belyk Michel , Schwartze Michael , Kanske Philipp , Kotz Sonja A.
Published: July 2022

Stimuli that evoke emotions are salient, draw attentional resources, and facilitate situationally appropriate behavior in complex or conflicting environments. However, negative and positive emotions may motivate different response strategies. For example, a threatening stimulus might evoke avoidant behavior, whereas a positive stimulus may prompt approaching behavior. Therefore, emotional stimuli might either elicit differential behavioral responses when a conflict arises or simply mark salience. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate valence-specific emotion effects on attentional control in conflict processing by employing an adapted flanker task with neutral, negative, and positive stimuli. Slower responses were observed for incongruent than congruent trials. Neural activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was associated with conflict processing regardless of emotional stimulus quality. These findings confirm that both negative and positive emotional stimuli mark salience in both low (congruent) and high (incongruent) conflict scenarios. Regardless of the conflict level, emotional stimuli deployed greater attentional resources in goal directed behavior.
Direct measurement of surface photovoltage by AC bias Kelvin probe force microscopy
Authors: Miyazaki Masato , Sugawara Yasuhiro , Li Yan Jun
Published: July 2022

Surface photovoltage (SPV) measurements are a crucial way of investigating optoelectronic and photocatalytic semiconductors. The local SPV is generally measured consecutively by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) in darkness and under illumination, in which thermal drift degrades spatial and energy resolutions. In this study, we propose the method of AC bias Kelvin probe force microscopy (AC-KPFM), which controls the AC bias to nullify the modulated signal. We succeeded in directly measuring the local SPV by AC-KPFM with higher resolution, thanks to the exclusion of the thermal drift. We found that AC-KPFM can achieve a SPV response faster by about one to eight orders of magnitude than classical KPFM. Moreover, AC-KPFM is applicable in both amplitude modulation and frequency modulation mode. Thus, it contributes to advancing SPV measurements in various environments, such as vacuum, air, and liquids. This method can be utilized for direct measurements of changes in surface potential induced by modulated external disturbances.
A Reconstruction of Oral Literature Rabab Pasisia Kaba Gadih Basanai in Efforts to Establish the Moral Value of Children
Authors: Fendi Hasri , Taufiq M. Aries , Putri Rahmi Eka , Agustina  , Thahar Harris Efendi
Published: July 2022

It is interesting to study Kaba Gadih Basanai for several reasons, namely (1) kaba is increasingly disappearing from the lives of Minangkabau society; (2) young generations who are able to deliver this kaba are getting fewer; and (3) this kaba contains very positive moral values for education in Indonesia. This study aimed to reconstruct the moral values contained in Kaba Gadih Basanai, so that this study would facilitate the reader to understand Kaba Gadih Basanai. The findings obtained from this story are the moral values which include (1) friendly, (2) humble, (3) sociable, (4) respect for parents, (5) knowing reciprocity, (6) high sense of brotherhood, (7) loyal, (8) selfless, (9) the habit of gambling. Thus, it can be concluded that kaba is laden with teachings that are worthy of imitation even though we live in a sophisticated world. However, there are also negative moral teachings that must be avoided
Level of Physical Security in Private Kindergarten
Authors: Muhamad Ahmad Adha , Haron Azrul
Published: July 2022

This study is aimed at investigating the level of physical safety in private kindergartens. There are three main constructs that are studied: the security of the location and structure of the building, the safety of the classroom and the safety of the kitchen and dining room in the kindergarten. The questionnaire underwent expert verification and instrument reliability using Alpha Cronbach's alpha of .962. Questionnaires were distributed to kindergarten teachers in Bukit Beruntung, Hulu Selangor as a sample of the study. The researchers collected 103 data according to the sample requirements of Krejice and Morgan sampling tables. The data collected by the researchers are quantitative by using survey studies. Therefore, the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 23.0 was used to analyze the respondents' data obtained through the questionnaire form. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Descriptive analysis was used to look at the security of the location and structure of the building, the safety of the classroom and the safety of the kitchen and dining room in the kindergarten. The findings show that the security level of the location and structure of the building is at a moderate level with values (Min = 2.83, SP = .370), while that of classroom security is at a moderate level with values (Min = 2.95, SP = .215), and for the safety of the kitchen and dining room, it was at a moderate level with values (Min = 2.94, SP = .235). It is hoped that this study will have a great impact on kindergarten children, kindergarten teachers and kindergartens in the Hulu Selangor district. As such, all parties need to play a proactive role and work more closely together so that the safety of the private kindergarten is improved, and the safety of the children is taken care of.
The Use of Social Media by Higher Education Lectures in a Language Teaching Course during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Panah Ebrahim , Yunus Melor Md , Radzali Nur Faridatul Jamalia , Norshahidi Raba’iyah , Baharudin Nurhusna
Published: July 2022

The objective of the current study was to explore the use of social media by higher education lectures in a language learning course. This study involved 85 lecturers from across Malaysia who were purposefully selected. This mixed method study used a survey with closed-ended and open-ended questions to collect data. The survey data was analyzed through descriptive statistics using SPSS 23, while the qualitative data was analyzed through content analysis and emergent coding. The findings show that they use social media for formal academic communication, using different types of social media platforms (Google Meet, Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube, Telegram, etc.), where they are used for different purposes including social media usage (teaching and learning, student support, building community & connection). The findings of the study have implications for language learning in particular and education in general in view of the pandemic global crisis.
Acupuncture therapy for subacute and chronic cough in adults: a systematic review and meta analysis
Authors:   Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yuan Yu , Wang Linjia , Chen Yuan , Zhou Mengdi , Hu Bingyu , Zhao Ling
Published: July 2022

Review question / Objective: The effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of subacute and chronic cough. Eligibility criteria: In the literature, the intervention measures of the treatment group were acupuncture or acupuncture combined with other therapies agent, while the control group was placebo or oral non-acupuncture therapy such as western medicine and Chinese medicine; In the same study, when the treatment group was acupuncture combined with other treatment methods, the intervention measures adopted by the control group, except no acupuncture intervention, must be the same as the experimental group .We excluded trials comparing one acupuncture therapy with another, or trials comparing the use of other non- acupuncture related therapy in this review, and trials where acupuncture therapy were not the main intervention were excluded. No limitations were imposed concerning the duration of the application, dosage, or the form of the acupuncture therapy used. We included trials that allowed concurrent use of other medications such as analgesics, antitussives, antipyretics, or mucolytics if they allowed equal access to such medication.
Pharmacological evaluation of analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic activities of amaranthus spinosus stem.
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad-244102, Uttar Pradesh, India, Shivam A
Published: July 2022

The herbal medicines have stood the test of time for their safety, efficacy, lesser side effects, cultured and traditional acceptability. Natural plant-based product are promising for the drug discovery and they still continue to play a significant role in future drug development programs. Practitioners of herbal medicine generally use unpurified plant extracts containing several different constituents. The extracts of the plant (Stem) was evaluated for the different pharmacological activities. The need for safer and effective analgesic (Acetic Acid Induced Writhing Test, Eddy’s Hot Plate, Tail Flick Test) anti-inflammatory (Rat hind paw edema test) and antipyretic agents and the lack of enough scientific data to support the claims made in ancient literature prompted the present study. Key words: Analgesic, Anti-pyretic and Anti-inflammatory, Plant Amaranthus spinosus
Fault Diagnosis in Railway Track using Efficient Net based CNN
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, MBM University, Jodhpur, India 342011, Mordia Ravikant , Verma Arvind Kumar ,   Department of Production & Industrial Engineering, MBM University, Jodhpur, India 342011
Published: July 2022

Railway transportation is the most cost-effective and convenient means of passenger travel in India. The cress cross tracks are almost present in every part of India. Keeping in mind the security of people also the free running railway without any problem, we have to focus in the safety part of this system [1]. In India, the railway network accounts for over 80% of all transportation. Approximately 60% of accidents occur at crossings of railway tracks because of a railway track fracture, resulting in the loss of valuable life and economic damage. As a result, new technology is required for both fault detection and object detection in railway tracks. This technology must be resilient, efficient, and steady [2]. This paper presents a vision based method to find some common defects in railways. Some images have been collected of railway track and image processing method is used to preprocess these images and to detect the features related to defective parts. An EfficientNet based CNN model is developed to detect the defects which uses global average pooling, adam as optimizer, softmax as activation function and categorical_crossentropy as loss function. This research result consists of a classification report as defective and non-defective parts or image with accuracy of 91 percentages over 30 epochs. Keywords: Rail Track Images, Defects, Defect Detection Method, CNN and Defect Classification.
Konya ekolojik koşullarında hibrit kavun çeşit adaylarının verim ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Arı Banu Çiçek , Kayak Necibe , Kal Ünal , Issı Neslihan , Türkmen Önder , Dal Yeşim , Kurtar Ertan Sait , Seymen Musa
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Çalışmada Türkiye’de en çok Altınbaş kavun yetiştirme bölgelerinden biri olan Konya'da 85 adet melez kavun çeşidi adayının bazı verim ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Bu çalışma 2021 yılı Mayıs-Ağustos ayları arasında Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi araştırma ve uygulama arazisinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede bitkisel materyal olarak Antalya’da farklı sebze türlerinde Ar-Ge çalışmaları yürüten Selko-Tarım şirketi tarafından geniş bir genetik havuzun içinden üstün özellikler gösteren genotiplerde yapılan melezlemeler sonucunda elde edilen 85 adet altınbaş kavun çeşit adayı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda bitki başına verim ile meyve sayısı ve meyve boyu arasında verimi doğrudan etkileyen pozitif bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca meyve sayısındaki artış meyve ağırlığında azalmaya neden olurken, bu iki özellik arasında negatif yüksek korelasyon bulunmuştur.Genel Yorum: PCA sonucunda 6 bileşende çalışma %75.94 gibi yüksek bir oranda açıklanmıştır. PC3 ve PC4 bileşenlerinin pozitif kesişim noktasında yer alan 73, 61, 35, 27, 23, 18 ve 30 numaralı hibrit kavun çeşidi adaylarının verim ve meyve kalitesi açısından üstün özellikler gösterdiği ve gelecek vaat eden genotipler olduğu belirlendi.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Çalışma ile Konya ekolojik koşullarında 85 melez kavun çeşidi adayının bazı verim ve kalite özellikleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Effect of soil biostimulant application for the growth and quality of beet seedlings
Authors: Bettoni Marcelle , Castro Cabral Duelen Carolay , Kızıldeniz Tefide
Published: July 2022

Aims: The goal of this investigation was to examine how different dosages of Viva BR® biostimulant affected the yield and quality of beet seedlings of Early Wonder Tall Top variety.Methods and Results: The experiment was carried out at intervals of 7 days, the first being at 7 days after sowing (DAS) until 28 DAS, totaling 5 applications (0 (control), 7, 14, 21 and 28 DAS) in the greenhouse of the Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná/Brazil, in a completely randomized design.Conclusions: It is concluded that the application via soil of the Viva BR® biostimulant had a positive impact on the growth of beet seedlings.Significance and Impact of the Study: In warm climates, Beta vulgaris L. (beet) of the Chenopodiaceae family predominates and its cultivated intensively in Brazil's Southeast and South regions. The seedling cultivation phase identifies the crops early establishment in the field in order to ensure stand consistency and appropriate ultimate productivity. Among the diverse techniques treated to achieve increases in this stage is the application of substances with biostimulating impacts, which result from the combination of two or more bioregulators with other compounds that might boost plant growth and development. As a result, substances having a biostimulating impact emerge as a reasonable solution for improving seedling growth. The maximum efficiency for the biometric variables at the dose of 6.2 mL L-1 while for the qualitative variables it was 5.0 mL L-1.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Nelayan di Nusa Tenggara Timur Untuk Mendukung Industri Pariwisata Super Premium International Labuan Bajo di Era New Normal Life
Authors: Boimau Pither , Bani Aplonia , Nubatonis Jidon , Astawa Nengah Dasi
Published: July 2022

Sistem yang digunakan dalam pengukuran tingkat kepuasan mitra Pengabdian Masyarakat ini menggunakan sistem survey yang dilakukan pihak dosen dan mitra pengabdian. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel total yaitu diambil dari seluruh populasi pengabdian yang menjadi sasaran pengabdian masyarakat. Dalam survey ini, instrumen yang digunakan adalah berupa pengamatan dan kuesioner yang diisi oleh seluruh mitra pengabdian. Analisis tingkat kepuasan dilakukan dengan metode pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan membuat tabel frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sangat bermanfaat terhadap pemecahan masalah ekonomi dan perlu adanya tindak lanjut dari institusi terhadap masyarakat nelayan sebagai masyarakat binaan.
Desa Wisata Sebagai Penguatan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Bumdes) Menuju Jombang Berkarakter dan Berdaya Saing
Authors: Yanti Dwi Ermayanti Susilo , Chasanah Ina Nikmatul
Published: July 2022

Desa wisata merupakan aset kepariwisataan pada potensi pedesaan yang diberdayakan dan dikembangkan dengan segala keunikan dan daya tariknya untuk menarik kunjungan wisatawan ke lokasi desa tersebut. Pengembangan Desa Wisata dilatar belakangi oleh beberapa tujuan salah satunya yakni setiap desa harus memiliki produk unggulan sehingga kebutuhan akan konsep destinasi wisata yang berbeda antara desa satu dengan desa lainnya akan terwujud. Desa Pulosari hanya memiliki satu wisata yang masih aktif yaitu Candi Arimbi. Pihak BUMDes Sari Artha Pulosari  Bareng saat ini sedang memikirkan bagaimana cara melakukan pemasaran untuk pengembangan wisata yang ada di Desa Pulosari dengan metode pemberian pelatihan yang sederhana guna mengenalkan cara  promosi yang baik dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan desa wisata. Pelatihan tersebut dilaksanakan dan ditujukan untuk pemuda karang taruna di Desa Pulosari. Pelatihan ini berupa pembuatan desain promosi sehingga akan mengakomodasi kebutuhan pemuda karang taruna dalam meningkatkan promosi desa Wisata sehingga dapat menjadi solusi mengatasi permasalah di desa tersebut.
Efecto de la combinación de procesos de secado en la calidad del café natural obtenido vía seca
Authors: Osorio Valentina , Pabón Jenny , Shuler Joel , Fernández-Alduenda Mario Roberto
Published: July 2022

En Colombia, el proceso de poscosecha más frecuente es el denominado beneficio por vía húmeda, que da origen a cafés suaves lavados. Actualmente existe una tendencia emergente en la búsqueda de perfiles sensoriales diferenciados y esto ha incrementado el interés en cafés procesados por vía seca que dan como resultado los cafés naturales. Con el fin de conocer el efecto del cambio en el orden del tipo de secado de cafés naturales, se evaluaron cuatro tratamientos: secado solar 100%; secado mecánico 100%; secado al sol con disminución del porcentaje inicial de humedad al 40% y finalizando con secado mecánico, y café secado mecánico con disminución del porcentaje inicial de humedad al 40% finalizando con secado solar. Para cada uno de los tratamientos se realizó la evaluación sensorial con el protocolo SCA (Specialty Coffee Association) y la determinación de la composición química mediante la técnica de espectroscopia infrarrojo cercano NIRS. El tiempo promedio del secado solar 100% fue de 14 días, para el secado mecánico 8 días y, para los tratamientos asociados a combinaciones y cambios, estuvo en 12 días. No hubo diferencias entre tratamientos para el puntaje total SCA, se obtuvo un puntaje promedio de 82,90 con máximo de 84,92 puntos. El atributo fragancia/ aroma fue diferente a favor del secado mecánico con un valor promedio de 8,01 y el contenido del ácido graso palmítico fue de 40,11% para el tratamiento de secado 100% solar con respecto al secado mecánico de 38,69%.
Binary Natal Kicks in the Galactic Center: X-Ray Binaries, Hypervelocity Stars, and Gravitational Waves
Authors: Hoang Bao-Minh , Naoz Smadar , Sloneker Melodie
Published: July 2022

Theoretical and observational studies suggest that stellar binaries exist in large numbers in galactic nuclei like our own Galactic Center. Neutron stars (NSs), and debatedly, black holes and white dwarfs, receive natal kicks at birth. In this work, we study the effect of two successive natal kicks on a population of stellar binaries orbiting the massive black hole (MBH) in our Galactic Center. These natal kicks can significantly alter the binary orbit in a variety of ways, and also the orbit of the binary around the MBH. We found a variety of dynamical outcomes resulting from these kicks, including a steeper cusp of single NSs relative to the initial binary distribution. Furthermore, hypervelocity star and binary candidates, including hypervelocity X-ray binaries, are a common outcome of natal kicks. In addition, we show that the population of X-ray binaries in the Galactic Center can be used as a diagnostic for the BH natal kick distribution. Finally, we estimate the rate of gravitational wave events triggered by natal kicks, including binary mergers and EMRIs.
Le marxisme hétérodoxe d’Henri Lefebvre vu d’Outre-Rhin
Authors: Iofrida Manlio , Buis Bénédicte
Published: July 2022

Il s’agit d’une tentative de reconstruire l’itinéraire complexe d'Henri Lefebvre, en soulignant la continuité de sa pensée par rapport à sa formation aixoise avec Maurice Blondel. Le concept-clé de vie quotidienne est examiné du point de vue de son rapport avec le marxisme et la pensée de Lukács, Nietzsche et Heidegger, ainsi que de ses liens avec la tradition, si particulière, du marxisme français ; ses limites sont soulignées, particulièrement sous l’angle de son opérativité aujourd’hui, à l’époque de la crise écologique.
« Le matriarcat primitif n’est plus ce qu’il n’a jamais été »
Authors: Darmangeat Christophe
Published: July 2022

À l’occasion de la troisième édition du livre Le communisme primitif n’est plus ce qu’il était. Aux origines de l’oppression des femmes , le texte qui suit et qui en constitue une préface inédite revient sur divers débats récents à propos de la préhistoire des rapports sociaux entre les sexes.
Management of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Without Arthropathy
Authors: Campbell Richard E. , Lee Donghoon , Day Louis M. , Dixit Anant , Freedman Kevin B. , Tjoumakaris Fotios P.
Published: July 2022

Arthroplasty is not an optimal treatment for massive rotator cuff tears in patients who are active and without glenohumeral arthritis. Several surgical techniques have been developed for these patients, including arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with single-/double-row repair (with or without interval slides, margin convergence, graft augmentation), graft bridging, superior capsular reconstruction, tuberoplasty, and tendon transfers. Complete, tension-free, anatomic repair is ideal; however, tendon atrophy and retraction associated with massive tears often complicate repairs. All surgical treatments significantly increase patient-reported functional outcomes 1 year after intervention, with many treatments demonstrating improved mid-term and long-term outcomes. [
Orthopedics
. 2023;46(1):e1–e12.]
Medial Elbow Pain Syndrome: Current Treatment Strategies
Authors: Prabhakar Gautham , Kanawade Vaibhav , Ghali Abdullah N. , Dutta Anil K. , Brady Christina I. , Morrey Bernard F.
Published: July 2022

Medial elbow pain is a common presentation that can be a challenge to appropriately treat for the orthopedic surgeon. Causes include medial epicondylitis, ulnar neuritis, ulnar collateral ligament injury, flexor pronator strain, or snapping medial triceps. A good outcome is typically achieved with adequate treatment of tendon degeneration at the common flexor tendon origin. Mainstay treatment is nonoperative modalities such as stretching, rest, activity modification, therapy, and injections. If nonoperative management fails, intermediate interventions such as extracorporeal shockwave therapy, platelet-rich plasma injections, prolotherapy, and ultrasound-guided percutaneous tenotomy can be attempted. Surgical treatments are dictated based on the severity of the pathology, involvement of soft tissues, and concomitant pathology. Medial elbow complaints can be multifactorial and require a broad differential diagnosis. [
Orthopedics
. 2023;46(2):e81–e88.]
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis: A Review of the Noninfectious Inflammatory Bone Disease and Lessons for More Timely Diagnosis
Authors: Krout Jeffrey C. , Rees Andrew B. , Goldin Amanda N. , Moran Cullen P. , Graham Thomas B. , Lawrenz Joshua M. , Halpern Jennifer L. , Schwartz Herbert S. , Holt Ginger E.
Published: July 2022

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an idiopathic autoinflammatory disease of the bone that typically occurs in children and adolescents. CRMO is characterized by recurrent periods of exacerbation and remission of symptomatic, osteolytic/sclerotic sterile bone lesions and is often a diagnosis of exclusion. Treatment consists of multimodal anti-inflammatory medication management by rheumatology and rarely involves surgery. This review summarizes the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of this disease and highlights the role of the orthopedic surgeon. With increased familiarity with CRMO, clinicians will be able to diagnose and treat the condition in a more timely manner. [
Orthopedics
. 2023;46(3):e149–e155.]
Journal Discipline Plays a Significant Role in Academic Attention But Not in Social Media Attention in the Peripheral Nerve Literature
Authors: Huddleston Hailey P. , Kurtzman Joey S. , Rahimzadeh Jason , Koehler Steven M.
Published: July 2022

Evaluating the impact of articles can be performed through bibliometric analysis or social media impact using the Altmetric Attention Score (AAS). The purpose of this study was to report on the social media impact of peripheral nerve studies; how article demographic factors, such as journal specialty (hand, orthopedics, plastic surgery), affect AAS; and how AAS correlates with bibliometrics, namely citation number. While orthopedic journals received the highest academic attention, there was no significant difference in social media attention between journal groups. These findings suggest AAS may be useful to authors in deciding which journal in which to pursue publication. [
Orthopedics
. 2023;46(3):e143–e148.]
Intelligence-based optimized cognitive radio routing for medical data transmission using IoT
Authors: Kumar B Naresh , Singh Jai Sukh Paul
Published: July 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is considered an effective wireless communication, where the main challenge is to manage energy efficiency, especially in cognitive networks. The data communication protocol is a broadly used approach in a wireless network based IoT. Cognitive Radio (CR) networks are mainly concentrated on battery-powered devices for highly utilizing the data regarding the spectrum and routing allocation, dynamic spectrum access, and spectrum sharing. Data aggregation and clustering are the best solutions for enhancing the energy efficiency of the network. Most researchers have focused on solving the problems related to Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks (CRSNs) in terms of Spectrum allocation, Quality of Service (QoS) optimization, delay reduction, and so on. However, a very small amount of research work has focused on energy restriction problems by using the switching and channel sensing mechanism. As this energy validation is highly challenging due to dependencies on various factors like scheduling priority to the registered users, the data loss rate of unlicensed channels, and the possibilities of accessing licensed channels. Many IoT-based models involve energy-constrained devices and data aggregation along with certain optimization approaches for improving utilization. In this paper, the cognitive radio framework is developed for medical data transmission over the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) network. The energy-efficient cluster-based data transmission is done through cluster head selection using the hybrid optimization algorithm named Spreading Rate-based Coronavirus Herding-Grey Wolf Optimization (SR-CHGWO). The network lifetime is improved with a cognitive- routing based on IoT framework to enhance the efficiency of the data transmission through the multi-objective function. This multi-objective function is derived using constraints like energy, throughput, data rate, node power, and outage probability delay of the proposed framework. The simulation experiments show that the developed framework enhances the energy efficiency using the proposed algorithm when compared to the conventional techniques.
A novel finite difference based numerical approach for Modified Atangana- Baleanu Caputo derivative
Authors: Chawla Reetika , Deswal Komal , Kumar Devendra , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a new approach is presented to investigate the time-fractional advection-dispersion equation that is extensively used to study transport processes. The present modified fractional derivative operator based on Atangana-Baleanu's definition of a derivative in the Caputo sense involves singular and non-local kernels. A numerical approximation of this new modified fractional operator is provided and applied to an advection-dispersion equation. Through Fourier analysis, it has been proved that the proposed scheme is unconditionally stable. Numerical examples are solved that validate the theoretical results presented in this paper and ensure the proficiency of the numerical scheme.
Towards a systematic approach for argumentation, recommendation, and explanation in clinical decision support
Authors: Xiao Liang , Zhou Hao , Fox John
Published: July 2022

In clinical decision support, argumentation plays a key role while alternative reasons may be available to explain a given set of signs and symptoms, or alternative plans to treat a diagnosed disease. In literature, this key notion usually has closed boundary across approaches and lacks of openness and interoperability in Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs) been built. In this paper, we propose a systematic approach for the representation of argumentation, their interpretation towards recommendation, and finally explanation in clinical decision support. A generic argumentation and recommendation scheme lays the foundation of the approach. On the basis of this, argumentation rules are represented using Resource Description Framework (RDF) for clinical guidelines, a rule engine developed for their interpretation, and recommendation rules represented using Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). A pair of proof knowledge graphs are made available in an integrated clinical decision environment to explain the argumentation and recommendation rationale, so that decision makers are informed of not just what are recommended but also why. A case study of triple assessment, a common procedure in the National Health Service of UK for women suspected of breast cancer, is used to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. In conducting hypothesis testing, we evaluate the metrics of accuracy, variation, adherence, time, satisfaction, confidence, learning, and integration of the prototype CDSS developed for the case study in comparison with a conventional CDSS and also human clinicians without CDSS. The results are presented and discussed.
A new statistical approach for modeling the bladder cancer and leukemia patients data sets: Case studies in the medical sector
Authors: El-Morshedy Mahmoud , Ahmad Zubair , tag-Eldin Elsayed , Almaspoor Zahra , Eliwa Mohamed S. , Iqbal Zahoor
Published: July 2022

Statistical methods are frequently used in numerous healthcare and other related sectors. One of the possible applications of the statistical methods is to provide the best description of the data sets in the healthcare sector. Keeping in view the applicability of statistical methods in the medical sector, numerous models have been introduced. In this paper, we also introduce a novel statistical method called, a new modified-$ G $ family of distributions. Several mathematical properties of the new modified-$ G $ family are derived. Based on the new modified-$ G $ method, a new updated version of the Weibull model called, a new modified-Weibull distribution is introduced. Furthermore, the estimators of the parameters of the new modified-$ G $ distributions are also obtained. Finally, the applicability of the new modified-Weibull distribution is illustrated by analyzing two medical sets. Using certain analytical tools, it is observed that the new modified-Weibull distribution is the best choice to deal with the medical data sets.
Viscoelastic Measurements of Clay Suspensions and their Relationship to Strength of Unfired Clay Bricks with Almond Husk Additive
Authors: Noureddine Othmane , Manssouri Imad , Cherkaoui Khalid , Sahbi Hassane , Limami Houssame , Erba Silvia , Khaldoun Asmae
Published: July 2022

Engineered unfired clay bricks are an ecological alternative to overcome conventional construction materials’ inconvenience. This work investigates the rheological behavior of organo-silica suspensions, made from almond husk waste and illite clay, in relation to the compressive strength of unfired clay bricks incorporating the same waste. Selected proportions by weight of almond husk are 2, 5, 10, and 20 wt.%. Results from the compressive strength test show an improvement, of 8.98% in bricks with 2 wt.% waste content compared to the control sample, thanks to an increase in friction and the fiber bridging mechanism. Then, a progressively decrease in strength is recorded with the addition of waste. The decrease in strength is reported to be the creation of pores in the matrix, and loss of cohesion. It is found that the storage modulus, on a logarithmic scale, follows inversely the same trend of the compressive strength in previously prepared bricks. The results from the strength test and rheological test are linearly correlated. Strong coefficients of determination are found; R2=0.9809 (with 40 wt.% water content) and R2=0.9206 (with 50 wt.% water content). The findings from this study demonstrate the possibility of assessment and prediction of unfired bricks’ strength using rheometry.
A Novel Train Roof-Top Wind Energy Conversion System
Authors: Kebede Asegid Belay , Worku Getachew Biru , Maru Abreham Tibeb
Published: July 2022

Cities all around the globe are ramping up efforts to transform their infrastructure in order to achieve a carbon-neutral and sustainable future, resulting in fast electrification of transportation networks. The need for power in this industry is rising, notably in light rail transit. Application of train rooftops wind energy conversion has the potential to power light rail transits with renewable energy. This research paper presents a way to generate electrical energy by utilizing strong wind pressure from light rail trains that channels the induced wind towards the turbine. The current invention's main aim is to establish a method and system for producing energy utilizing winds that can be conveniently available in the operation of trains. Here the wind energy is independent of the variations in the direction and speeds in which seasonal winds move, which do not have the appropriate wind force or force at all times or places for operating the wind turbines. Vertical axis wind turbines are selected due to their advantage for the application under consideration. SOLIDWORKS and MATLAB simulation software were used for the design of the Train Roof-Tops Wind Energy Conversion System (TRT-WECS). The former was used to perform computational fluid dynamics (CFD) on the both normal train as well as the train having a turbine installed on the top, and a comparison has been made in terms of various parameters that affect the performance of the newly designed TRT-WECS. A mathematical model comprising mechanical and electric components has been developed by using MATLAB. Finally, the study found out that this special TRT-WECS design installed in each train provides an annual energy output of 4.9 MWh.
In silico Approach for the Identification of Mirror Repeats in Selected Operon Genes of Escherichia coli strain K-12 Substrain MG1655
Authors: Yadav Sandeep , Yadav Usha , Sharma Dinesh Chandra
Published: July 2022

Background:

The repeating elements in the genes or genomes of living organisms are associated with a variety of functions at the molecular level. Mirror repeats (MRs) are unique type of repeat sequences among them, which are found to be linked with H-DNA formation and they have also associated with several neurological disorders with many other functional roles are also being reported.

Methods:

The manual bioinformatics-based approach is used to identify the MRs in the genome. The applied approach FASTA-parallel complement-BLAST is used by following some simple steps to identify MRs. This methodology is initiated by the downloading of a sequence of interest in FASTA format followed by development of the parallel complement and final step of BLAST analysis. By using this approach, the present study identifies MRs in lac, trp, and ara operon genes of Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (NC_000913.3).

Results:

Present investigation identified the frequent distribution MRs in all the analyzed operon genes. These identified MRs vary in their length or size. In case of lac, trp, and ara operon, maximum number of MRs reported in lacZ (61), trpE (40), and araE (41) genes, respectively.

Conclusion:

The frequent existence of MRs (shorter as well as larger length) in analyzed genes gives a hint about their significant roles in the genes or genomes of all bacterial species. These may be useful to study the evolutionary history of living world. These types of studies will be exploring new trends and tools of molecular biology research as well as development of new concept for MR identification.
Histopathological Characterization of Carcinoma Breast with BRCA1/2 Sequence Variation in a Tertiary Care Center in Kerala, South India
Authors: Issac Reeba Mary , Saldanha Prema , Mathai Jessy Mangalathu , Mathews Jency , Mathews Rebecca , Kumari Bindu , Chacko Tiju
Published: July 2022

Background:

Hereditary breast cancers constitute around 5%–10% of all breast cancers. The most commonly mutated genes in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome are the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. There has not been any research into the histopathological features of BRCA1/2 mutations in breast cancer in Kerala. The goal of this work was to use next-generation sequencing to look into the range of BRCA1/2 genetic variants and to discover characteristic histopathologic features associated with BRCA1/2 sequence variations.

Methods:

Fifty female patients diagnosed with carcinoma breast were screened for BRCA1/2 variants by next-generation sequencing. Patients were selected irrespective of age or family history of breast or ovarian cancer. The histopathological features of BRCA1/2 associated breast cancer cases were also studied.

Results:

We identified sequence variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in 6 women (6/50, 12%). The sequence variants included two deleterious mutations and five variants of uncertain significance. It was observed that most of the patients with BRCA1/2 sequence variants presented with aggressive tumor characteristics. Statistical significance was noted in BRCA1/2 carriers with tumors of higher histologic grade (P = 0.048).

Conclusion:

Morphological and immunohistochemical features of BRCA1/2-associated breast cancer may be valuable to predict mutation carrier status for appropriate therapeutic decision-making.
Expression Analysis of Genes and MicroRNAs Involved in Recurrent Implantation Failure
Authors: Habibi Bahareh , Novin Marefat Ghaffari , Salehpour Saghar , Novin Mahsa Ghaffari , Yeganeh Samira Mohammadi , Nazarian Hamid
Published: July 2022

Background:

Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is defined as three or more failed in vitro fertilization attempts and is due to several factors such as oocyte and embryo quality.

Methods:

Fifty-one RIF patients and 19 controls were selected based on the inclusion criteria. EFNB2, CAMK1D, AREG, and PTGS2 as well as miR-34, miR-145, miR-204-5p, and miR-26-5p were selected since the microRNAs (miRNAs) targeted the genes based on bioinformatic predictions and literature review. Total RNA was extracted from cumulus cells (CCs) and follicular fluid (FF) of the oocytes. We performed real-time polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the expression of the genes and the miRNAs in CC and FF of pregnant and nonpregnant RIF patients. The expression of CAMK1D, AREG, miR-34-5p, and miR-26-5p was higher in CC than FF.

Results:

The expression of CAMK1D, PTGS2, and miR-26-5p in CC of the pregnant group was higher than FF. The expression of EFNB2, PTGS2, miR-145, and miR-204-5p was lower in the CC, and the expression of EFNB2, AREG, miR-34-5p, mR-145, and miR-204-5p was lower in the FF of the pregnant group. The expression of CAMK1D, AREG, PTGS2, miR-34-5p, and miR-26-5p was higher in the CC and FF of the high quality (HQ) embryos than non-HQ (NHQ) embryos. The expression of EFNB2, miR-145, and miR-204-5p was higher in the CC and FF of the NHQ embryos. The difference was statistically significant for EFNB2 in CC and FF as well as miR-145 in CC. The level of progesterone and prostaglandin E2 in the FF of the pregnant group was higher than their level in the nonpregnant group.

Conclusion:

CAMK1D expression and overexpression of miR-34-5p and miR-26-5p could be considered as markers of successful pregnancy. In addition, the results show that normal FF treatment of RIF patients may result in the production of high-quality embryos.
Deviation from standard cancer treatment during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Authors: Noronha Vanita , Shah Darshit , Mokal Smruti , Kapoor Akhil , Patil Vijay M. , Menon Nandini , Chopade Sunil , Shah Srushti , Nawale Kavita , Banavali Shripad D. , Prabhash Kumar
Published: July 2022

Background:

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, established best practices in cancer care were modified to diminish the risk of COVID-19 infection among patients and health-care workers.

Objective:

We aimed to study the modifications in cancer-directed therapy during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study of patients with cancers of the head and neck, thoracic, urologic, and central nervous systems who visited the medical oncology department of the Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India, between April 22, 2020 and June 01, 2020, was conducted. Data were prospectively collected in an online pro forma and supplemented from the electronic medical records.

Results:

Of a total of 514 patients, 363 (71%) were men. The most common malignancy was lung cancer in 234 patients (46%). Cancer-directed therapy was modified in 83 patients (16%). Deviations consisted of modification of the chemotherapy regimen (48%), temporary discontinuation of chemotherapy in 37%, and interim chemotherapy to delay surgery in 5%. Changes in the chemotherapy regimen included a shift to a less intensive regimen in 45%, changing from intravenous to oral in 40%, and less frequent dosing of immunotherapy in 7%. Considering missed appointments as a deviation from planned cancer therapy, 68% of patients had a deviation in the standard planned cancer care.

Conclusions:

Almost two-thirds of the patients could not reach the hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in India. Of those who could reach the hospital, one of out every six patients with cancer had a change in their cancer-directed treatment, half of which consisted of a modification in the standard chemotherapy regimens. The effects of these therapy deviations are likely to be long-lasting. (Clinical Trials Registry-India, CTRI/2020/07/026533)
Efficacy and safety of induction weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin in esophageal cancer
Authors: Goli Vasu Babu , Menon Nandini , Patil Vijay , Noronha Vanita , Prabhash Kumar
Published: July 2022

Background:

Induction therapy, both neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy, has improved outcomes in localized and locally advanced esophageal cancer. However, there is a lack of clear evidence regarding the optimal systemic therapy regimen for compromised individuals including those with significant comorbidities, poor performance status, and advanced age.

Objectives:

Our primary objective was to assess the overall survival of patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer who received paclitaxel and carboplatin once-a-week as induction chemotherapy. The secondary endpoints were the progression-free survival, objective response rate, surgical resectability rate, and toxicity.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective observational study conducted in the Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India, in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer who were planned for radical intent therapy (surgery or chemoradiotherapy) and who received induction chemotherapy with once-a-week paclitaxel and carboplatin between November 2012 and December 2019. We retrospectively assessed the efficacy and toxicity of the once-a-week paclitaxel and carboplatin induction chemotherapy regimen. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, and the requirement for written informed consent was waived.

Results:

We included 141 patients in the study. Histology was squamous in 123 patients (87%). The disease was considered resectable in 44 (32.5%), borderline resectable in 65 (48.1%), and unresectable in 26 (19.2%) patients. Indications for the once-a-week induction chemotherapy regimen included age ≥70 years (89, 63%), renal dysfunction (40, 28%), comorbidities (17, 12%), poor performance status (27, 19%), and other (25, 17%). Median number of chemotherapy cycles was 6 (IQR, 5–9). Chemotherapy consisted of intravenous paclitaxel 80 mg/m 2and carboplatin area under the curve (AUC) 2 once-a-week for 6–8 weeks. The objective response rate was 61%. Radical intent therapy was delivered to 81 patients (57%); surgical resection rate was 35%. The R0 resection rate was 95% and the pathological complete response rate was 10.8%. The median progression-free and overall survival were 15 (95% CI, 11–26) months and 20 (95% CI, 12–29) months, respectively. Thirty patients (21%) developed grade 3/4 toxicities (predominantly hematological) and 8 patients (6%) developed febrile neutropenia.

Conclusion:

Once-a-week paclitaxel and carboplatin is an active induction chemotherapy regimen with low toxicities. It can be delivered relatively easily in compromised patients; comparison of this regimen with standard induction regimen is warranted.
Dealing powerfully with statistical power
Authors: Darling H. S.
Published: July 2022

Evidence-based medicine demands that the research methodology should be robust, reliable, and reproducible. Statistical power is the probability of detecting an effect that really exists in a population. It is critical to incorporate power at the designing stage of a study. A sufficiently powered study ensures reliable results and avoids wastage of resources. It is essential for a clinician to be aware of the role and interpretation of statistical power while reading the research articles. We performed a medical literature database search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Google, followed by abstract screening and then full paper study selection to gather the desired information and prepare this review on power. This review aims to provide the basic know-how about the practical aspects of statistical power for a clinician.
Synoptic reporting in head and neck cancers— Head and Neck Cancer Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (HN-CIRADS)
Authors: Mahajan Abhishek , Agarwal Ujjwal , Gupta Anurag , Shukla Shreya , Ashtekar Renuka , Shah Pritesh , Sable Nilesh , Ankathi Suman Kumar , Ahuja Ankita , Noronha Vanita , Prabhash Kumar , Menon Nandini , Patil Vijay , Vaish Richa , D' CRUZ Anil K
Published: July 2022

Although CT and MRI are crucial imaging modalities for the preoperative staging and surgical planning of head and neck tumors, the quality of reports, as well as adequate imaging methodology, are equally critical. The content and quality of the report, and proper communication of these findings to the treating physicians are the important determinants of optimal patient care. Synoptic reporting is a method of presenting specified data pieces in a predetermined format. When compared to random reporting, synoptic reporting gives standardized information in less time. It enables more comprehensive reports and ensures that no details are overlooked. By highlighting the crucial imaging results and altering overall management, it ensures improved surgical planning.