bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILIZING GOOGLE CLASSROOM FOR ENGLISH INSTRUCTION: POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS IN A HIGH SCHOOL SETTING
Authors: Verlinsti Vania Tamala  , Luh Putu Artini  , Ni Luh Putu Eka Sulistia Dewi
Published: June 2024

The integration of digital platforms in education has become increasingly prevalent, particularly in response to the need for remote learning solutions. This study aims to explore the structure of teaching and learning activities using Google Classroom in learning English and to find out the impacts of using Google Classroom in Learning English. The subjects of this study were 30 students of science class XI at Senior High School 3 of West Seram, Maluku, Indonesia. This study employed qualitative research. The data was collected through documentation and in-depth interview. The result of this study revealed that teaching and learning activities using Google Classroom run for approximately one semester. The students and teacher utilized Google Classroom to discuss the materials and submit the assignment through the platform’s features. This study also presented the positive and negative impacts of using Google Classroom in Learning English. The positive impacts are increased student participation, ease of assignment submission, the flexibility to learn from anywhere at any time, saving time and energy to learn, and even improvements in reading, writing, and listening skills in English. Conversely, the negative impacts are the students feeling frustrated and restless, tendencies towards procrastination, and instances of plagiarism.
ANALYZING THE STUDENTS' CREATIVE CHARACTER IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Dhita Fransisca  , Aswadi Jaya  , Mega Prasrihamni
Published: June 2024

The aim of this research is to find out how the Pancasila student profile is implemented in forming the creative character of class IV students at SDN 54 Prabumulih. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The instruments used in this research were a list of interview questions and observations. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Pancasila student profile in forming the creative character of class IV students at SDN 54 Prabumulih is categorized as very good, it can be seen that the students in the class have very good creative character when learning takes place, students are able to express many ideas such as when working on something. project by making a product and producing a work in the form of a piggy bank, where the students proposed their idea by only putting a hole in the bottom of the piggy bank so that the piggy bank doesn't look like a piggy bank when displayed, then the students also asked a lot about things that were new or that hadn't been done yet. they understand, and students are able to come up with new expressions or solve a problem in a way that the teacher had not thought of.
ANALYSIS OF HUMOR LANGUAGE TECHNIQUES FROM MALE AND FEMALE PARTICIPANTS IN THE KOMPAS TV STAND UP COMEDY COMPETITION
Authors: Rini Indah Sulistyowati  , Ganda Januarta  , Sofyan Danu Setyadi
Published: June 2024

Stand Up Comedy Kompas TV is the first single comedy competition event pioneered by Indonesian celebrities, namely Pandji Pragiwaksono, Raditya Dika, Indro Warkop, and Indra Yudhistira, one of the producers and directors of comedy programs at Kompas TV. Not just any comic can appear in this competition (show). The selected comics are the result of selection by the judges so that they can be categorized as the best finalists who of course have undoubted abilities. Stand Up Comedy Kompas TV has broadcast 10 seasons. Uniquely, male participants dominate over female participants. This certainly didn't happen accidentally. Several relevant studies have not raised gender issues in the humorous language techniques of Stand Up Comedy. The aim of this research is to describe the differences in humorous language techniques of male and female participants in the Kompas TV Stand Up Comedy competition. By combining the theories of Berger (1998) and Wijana (2001) with the pragmatic matching method, it is hoped that differences in the humor techniques of male and female participants in the competition can be found. The results showed that the humorous language techniques of male participants that were not used by female participants were (1) infantilism, (2) sexual allusion, (3) repetition, (4) repartee, (5) narcissism, (6) homonyms, ( 7) taboo words, (8) paradoxical figures of speech, (9) exchange of speaking styles, (10) greeting words, and (11) mispronunciations. The female participants' humorous language techniques that were not used by male participants during the audition were (1) role playing, (3) ridicule, (3) roasting, (4) changing words, (5) collocations, and (6) clarification. . From the findings of the use of absurd stories by comic artists, it can be said that the male participants' ability to tell stories outside of logic seems to dominate with the use of this technique by 5 out of 10 male participants in auditioning for SUCI. The language technique of self-deprecation seems to be dominantly used by female comics compared to other humorous language techniques because of the 8 female participants, there are 4 comics who use it.
THE INFLUENCES OF SCANNING STRATEGY AND READING INTEREST TOWARDS THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION ON LABEL TEXTS OF PGRI JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 OF PALEMBANG
Authors: Desprayoga  , Baginda  , Mulyadi
Published: June 2024

The writer used a strategy calls scanning strategy to solve students’ problems in reading comprehension. Scanning Strategy and reading interest give a significant influence on the students’ reading comprehension achievement especially for students who havea low reading interest. The teacher of English should be more creative to choose the technique for students.The main problem of this study was formulated as follows: ‘Was there any significant difference in reading comprehension achievement between the eighth grade students who had high reading interest taught by using scanning strategy and those who were taught by using conventional technique at Junior High School PGRI 1 of Palembang, was there any significant difference in reading comprehension achievement between the eighth grade students who had low reading interest taught by using scanning strategy and those who were taught by using conventional technique at Junior High School PGRI 1 of Palembang, was there any significant difference in reading comprehension achievement between the eighth grade students taught by using scanning strategy who had high and low reading interest at Junior High School PGRI 1 of Palembang, was there any significant difference in reading comprehension achievement between the eight grade students taught by using conventional technique who had high and low reading interest at Junior High School PGRI 1 of Palembang and were there any interaction effects of scanning strategy and students’ reading interest towards the eighth grade students’ reading comprehension achievement at Junior High School PGRI 1 of Palembang. This study used experimental research. method. The subjects of this study were eighth grade students of PGRI Junior High School 1 of Palembang. While the object of this research is the used 2 x 2 (two by two) factorial designs because there were two factors (Scanning Strategy and reading Interest) and two levels (low and High Reading Interest).
Development of the Wind Direction Indicator Display as a Learning Media for Visual Landing Aid Systems
Authors: Soleh Asep Muhamad , Sukahir Sukahir , Widiarto Hendro , Kusumastuti Mayang Enggar , Nugroho Fachregi , Alddi Muhammad Dimas Bara
Published: June 2024

In this study, we designed a wind direction indicator display as a learning medium to help cadets understand how the equipment works. Wind direction indicators are used as a navigation tool for pilots to determine landing direction on airport runways. This study was conducted at the Palembang Aviation Polytechnic using mixed methods, namely research and development and quantitative. The object of the research is cadets of the airport engineering technology study program.  Determining whether there are differences in the results or not, by using paired t test. The study results show that the cadets are very enthusiastic in learning and developing these tools, as well as increasing their knowledge and competence in the field of visual landing aids at airports. With this learning media, cadets can better understand how it works. By increasing the competency of cadets, it is hoped that it can support aviation safety in Indonesia.
BIG DATA IN THE CONTEXT OF INFORMATION EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Boyarinov Dmitry
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the problem of using big data when learning within the information educational environment, in particular, for obtaining and processing big data to create individual learning paths. The conclusion is made about the formation of big data sources within the existing digital educational platforms and education management systems, the analysis of which allows one to solve a wide range of problems that arise in the design, organization, implementation, and monitoring of the educational process in modern conditions.
DEVELOPMENT AND HISTORY OF THE COPYING METHOD IN TEACHING FINE ARTS
Authors: Novozhilov Ilya , Zubrilin Konstantin
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the history of copying as one of the most ancient tools for teaching drawing. Copying has been accompanying a human being since the appearance of the first drawings. The paper considers features of copying as a method of teaching pictorial arts from ancient times to the present day.
VISUAL NOVEL AS A COMPONENT OF A VIRTUAL INTERACTIVE ENVIRONMENT IN TEACHING RFL
Authors: Kuznetsova Veronika
Published: June 2024

The article provides an analysis of modern research on the use of visual novels in foreign language education. The potential of using visual novels in the implementation of interactive reading and solving a problem-communicative task through its creative comprehension has been revealed. The advantages of visual novels over traditional educational texts in creating a virtual language environment, in reducing the emotional filter in students and in influencing their emotive sphere are described. The data of the study of the integration of the visual novel into the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language to Chinese students (level B1) are presented. The results of the tasks performed by foreign students after completing the visual novel instead of the traditional educational text allow us to assert the effectiveness of this technology not only in foreign, but also in domestic linguodidactics.
ANALISIS PENGARUH MODAL MANUSIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KABUPATEN/ KOTA DI SUMATERA UTARA SELAMA MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Reavindo Quarthano
Published: June 2024

Provinsi Sumatera Utara selama masa pandemi COVID-19 menghasilkan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) Atas Dasar Harga Konstan (ADHK) yang tetap mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis pengaruh modal manusia yang diproksi melalui rata-rata lama sekolah (RLS) dan umur harapan hidup (UHH) terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi yang diukur melalui PDRB ADHK Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Data panel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda data panel dengan menggunakan software Eviews 13. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama masa pandemi COVID-19 modal manusia yang diproksi melalui rata-rata lama sekolah (RLS) dan umur harapan hidup (UHH) secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi yang diukur melalui PDRB ADHK Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Demikian pula secara parsial, pengaruh dari kedua variabel tersebut positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi yang diukur melalui PDRB ADHK Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Rata-rata Lama Sekolah memiliki pengaruh yang positif sebesar 0.3261 yang berarti bahwa setiap kenaikan 1 persen rata-rata lama sekolah maka akan menaikkan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebesar 0,3261 persen. Umur Harapan Hidup memiliki pengaruh yang positif sebesar 8,2693 yang berarti bahwa setiap kenaikan 1 persen umur harapan hidup maka akan menaikkan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebesar 8,2693 persen. variabel-variabel bebas pada penelitian dapat menjelaskan variabel terikat sebesar 82,10 persen.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI, KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR ENERGI 2020-2022
Authors: Bennany Salma , Susilo Dwi Ermayanti
Published: June 2024

Indonesia telah berkomitmen dalam mengurangi penggunaan energi fosil dan menggantinya ke Energi Baru Terbarukakn (EBT). Target bauran energi pada tahun 2025 dapat tercapai dengan asumsi Indonesia telah menggunakan energi terbarukan berupa bioenergi dan bioethanol, namun penggunaan bioethanol hingga saat ini belum terealisasi. Target bauran energi di tahun 2025 dapat tercapai hanya untuk sektor listrik saja, karena bauran energi primer pada sektor ini sudah mencapai 15-20%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur profitabilitas, keputusan investasi, kebijakan dividen dan struktur modal terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan sektor energi periode 2020-2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dengan perusahaan sektor energi periode 2020-2022 sebanyak 71 perusahaan sebagai populasi. Sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, maka diperoleh 21 perusahaan kemudian diukur dengan Analisa Regresi Linier Berganda. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa profitabilitas, keputusan investasi dan kebijakan dividen berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Sedangkan struktur modal tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan.
LOYALITAS PELANGGAN SEPATU VANS PADA KOMUNITAS SKATEBOARD DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Ferdiani Indri , Haqi Shidqi Sabilul
Published: June 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui loyalitas pelanggan sepatu vans pada komunitas skateboard di Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan memperoleh data melalui observasi, wawancara dan kuesioner. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu anggota komunitas skateboard di Kota Bandung. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 235 orang. Teknis analisis data menggunakan aplikasi statistik berupa software SPSS 24. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen. Nilai signifikan untuk variabel gaya hidup adalah 0,003 dimana 0,003 < 0,05 artinya hipotesis pertama (H1) diterima, maka kesimpulannya adalah gaya hidup mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Nilai signifikan untuk variabel kelompok referensi adalah 0,000 dimana 0,000 < 0,05 artinya hipotesis kedua (H2) diterima, maka kesimpulannya adalah kelompok referensi mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Nilai signifikan untuk variabel kepercayaan merek adalah 0,000 dimana 0,000 < 0,05 artinya hipotesis ketiga (H3) diterima, maka kesimpulannya adalah kepercayaan merek mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Kemudian hasil uji simultan nilai signifikansinya adalah 0,005 artinya variabel gaya hidup, kelompok referensi dan kepercayaan merek secara simultan mempengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan.
The Attractive Ability Of Types Of Attractants Against Aedes sp. Mosquito Eggs Using Ovitrap
Authors: Hari Prayogo Dhofa Noor , Isnawati Isnawati , Noraida Noraida , Irfai Muhammad
Published: June 2024

An attractant is a substance that attracts insects (mosquitoes) either chemically or visually. To prevent the spread of dengue, various methods have been employed, one of which is using ovitraps containing attractants. This study aimed to determine the number of Aedes sp. mosquito eggs based on different attractants. The research was experimental with a one-shot case study design, comparing various attractants and their effectiveness in attracting Aedes sp. mosquito eggs. The findings showed that the type of attractant significantly affected the presence of mosquito eggs, with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), allowing further analysis using a post hoc test. The post hoc test revealed significant differences between no attractant and shrimp paste water immersion, no attractant and shrimp head immersion, and no attractant and a brown sugar and yeast mixture. Significant differences were also found between shrimp paste soaked water and brown sugar and yeast mixtures and between shrimp head attractants and brown sugar and yeast mixtures. Shrimp head immersion attractant had a p-value of 0.199 (>0.05), indicating no significant difference compared to other attractants. Among the various attractants tested, shrimp paste soaking water and shrimp head soaking water were the most effective. It is recommended that communities use ovitraps with shrimp paste soaking solution to reduce the Aedes sp. mosquito population around homes, as these materials are relatively easy to obtain and ovitraps can be made using repurposed plastic cups.
Effectiveness of Papaya Seed Solution and Avocado Seed As Larvicide of Mosquitoes Aedes sp.
Authors: Safitri Laila , Irfa'i Muhammad , A. Syarifudin , Arifin Arifin
Published: June 2024

Mosquito Aedes sp. is a species of mosquito in tropical and subtropical regions that are vectors for transmitting the dengue virus to man through the bite; with that, there is a need for existence, effort prevention, and a control-friendly alternative environment using larvicide vegetables that are solution seed fruit papaya (Carica papaya L.) and seeds fruit avocado (Persea americana). The study aims to determine the effectiveness of seed fruit papaya (Carica papaya L.) and seed fruit avocado (Persea americana) on the larval mortality of Aedes sp. Type study This is a post-test-only group design. The population is the third instar larva of Aedes sp. The sample used 1,200 larvae of Aedes sp. on each solution of seed fruit papaya and seed fruit avocado, with variations of 6 doses that are 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%. Concentration variation of mosquito larvicide from papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) and avocado seeds (Persea americana), with the highest concentration of 10% resulting in the death of mosquito larvae as high as 72% and 88%, respectively. The effective concentration at Lc50 found is 6% for papaya seed solution (Carica papaya L.) and 4% for avocado seed solution (Persea americana).
Effect of Silica Sand Filter Media Size Variation Towards Turbiding Reduction of Clean Water in PT. XYZ
Authors: Fitri Rahma Izzatul , Hanurawaty Neneng Yetty , Djuhriah Naomi
Published: June 2024

Turbidity is a condition in which the water contains many suspended particles of material that can cause health problems such as itchy skin, red and itchy eyes, and digestive disorders. Based on the initial inspection results, the turbidity value exceeds quality standard Permenkes No. 32/2017, which is 45.2 NTU. The high turbidity value causes the turbid water to need special treatment, one of which is by filtration with silica sand slices as filter media. This study is experimental research using a pre-posttest without a control design. This research aims to determine the effect of turbidity reduction on the variation of silica sand filter media (5–6 mesh), 7–10 mesh, and 11–18 mesh with a height of 60 cm. The population of this research is clean water at PT. XYZ, with as many as 36 samples used in this research. The results of effective and efficient turbidity reduction are on silica sand media measuring 5–6 mesh, with an average percentage of turbidity reduction of 80.49%. The conclusion of this study is the effect of silica sand filter media size variation on turbidity drop of clean water in PT. XYZ. It is recommended for the industry to apply clean water treatment with the filtration method using 5–6 mesh silica sand media, and further researchers are expected to conduct a test regarding the lifetime of the silica sand media that will be used.
Regional ist besser? Komplexität der Ernährungssysteme und Grenzen der Komplexitätsreduktion
Authors: Herfurth Paul , Boduch Andrina , Bartsch Silke
Published: June 2024

Da die Herkunft unserer Nahrung intransparent und eine steigende Nachfrage nach regionalen Lebensmitteln zu beobachten ist, kann Regionalität als ein Gegentrend zur Globalisierung angenommen werden. Ziele des Beitrages sind verbreitete Zuschreibungen wie „regionale Produktion ist nachhaltiger“ zu hinterfragen und am Beispiel der Kartoffel die Komplexität der Versorgungskette aufzuzeigen, um daraus Schlussfolgerungen für die Ernährungs- und Verbraucherbildung (EVB) zu ziehen.
Verbindliche Verankerung des Faches Alltagskultur, Ernährung, Soziales (AES) für alle Schülerinnen und Schüler der Sekundarstufe I
Authors: Lührmann Petra , Schneider Katja , Häußler Angela , Bender Ute
Published: June 2024

Ausgehend von Gesprächen rund um die Jahrestagung des Verbandes Haushalt in Bildung und Forschung e.V. 2023 in Freiburg hat die Landesfachschaft Alltagskultur und Gesundheit der Pädagogischen Hochschule in Baden-Württemberg ein Positionspapier zur Stärkung des Faches Alltagskultur, Ernährung, Soziales formuliert. Das Positionspapier wird inzwischen von diversen Vereinen und Verbänden mit unterstützt, z.B. von der Sektion Baden-Württemberg der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährung e.V. (DGE-BW e.V.), dem Verband Haushalt in Bildung und Forschung e.V. (HaBiFo e.V.) oder dem Landesschülerbeirat in Baden-Württemberg (LSBR).
Der Geschlechtervertrag im Gesellschaftsvertrag
Authors: Möller Daniela
Published: June 2024

In diesem Beitrag soll zum einen der implizite Geschlechtervertrag in den klassischen Vertragstheorien dargelegt werden. Zum anderen soll die daran anschließende Debatte zu der Frage nachgezeichnet werden, inwiefern Vertragstheorien aus feministischer Perspektive reformierbar erscheinen. Dazu werden die grundlegenden kontraktualistischen Annahmen zunächst erläutert, um davon ausgehend die verschiedenen geschlechtertheoretischen Bezugnahmen darlegen zu können.
Politische Theorie und Geschlechterverhältnisse
Authors: Martinsen Franziska
Published: June 2024

Die politiktheoretische Bedeutung von Geschlechterverhältnissen und die Vergeschlechtlichung politischer Theorien werden immer noch zu wenig berücksichtigt. Die Politische Theorie ist ein politikwissenschaftliches Forschungsfeld, in dem weibliche* und non-binäre Autor*innen sowie queer_feministische und intersektionale Theoreme in einschlägigen Lexika und Überblicksdarstellungen nach wie vor marginalisiert werden, obwohl gerade sie wichtige Erkenntnisse über die Zusammenhänge und Machtasymmetrien in Geschlechter-, Gesellschafts- und Wissensordnungen liefern und das (Selbst-)Missverständnis einer vermeintlich genderneutralen Politikwissenschaft aufdecken.
Rechte Dynamiken (auch) in der Wissenschaft. Überlegungen zu den Herausforderungen bei der Identifikation problematischer Ablehnungskonstruktionen in wissenschaftlichen Texten
Authors: Sehmer Julian , Simon Stephanie , Besche Julia
Published: June 2024

Im vorliegenden Beitrag diskutieren wir anhand der Recherche zum rechten „Meta-Projekt“ als Revitalisierung einer „Konservativen Revolution“, wie rechte Akteur*innen über die Inszenierung von Wissenschaft neue Legitimationsgrundlagen für Ideologien der Ungleichwertigkeit konstruieren und daher eine Identifikation rechter Dynamiken auch in wissenschaftsnahen Kontexten notwendig ist. Anhand der rekonstruktiven Analyse solcher (pseudo)wissenschaftlicher Artikulationen von rechts gehen wir der Frage nach, wieso sich diese rekonstruktive Identifikation rechter Dynamiken und kultureller Brücken in der Wissenschaft sowohl begrifflich als auch forschungsmethod(olog)isch herausfordernd gestaltet.
Does agile improve value creation in government?
Authors: Neumann Oliver , Kirklies Pascale-Catherine , Hadorn Susanne
Published: June 2024

While extensive literature exists on agile practices in private sectors, its application and outcomes in the public sector remain relatively unexplored. In light of recent theoretical debates on how using agile may improve the functioning and results of government organizations, we empirically investigate the outcomes of agile adoption on value creation in public administrations. Drawing on a theoretical framework on value creation in public service delivery, we conduct a comparative qualitative case study involving 19 agile initiatives across the three German government levels. Our findings reveal that agile leads to numerous positive outcomes at both individual (e.g., employee well-being, human-centric leadership, skill development) and organizational levels (e.g., cross-functional collaboration, increased efficiency and transparency). This study contributes to substantiating theoretical claims about agile benefits in government, offering in-depth qualitative insights and theory development.
Associations of Plasma Tau with Amyloid and Tau PET: Results from the Community-Based Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Ramos-Cejudo Jaime , Scott Matthew R. , Tanner Jeremy A. , Pase Matthew P. , McGrath Emer R. , Ghosh Saptaparni , Osorio Ricardo S. , Thibault Emma , El Fakhri Georges , Johnson Keith A. , Beiser Alexa , Seshadri Sudha
Published: June 2024

Background: Associations of plasma total tau levels with future risk of AD have been described. Objective: To examine the extent to which plasma tau reflects underlying AD brain pathology in cognitively healthy individuals. Methods: We examined cross-sectional associations of plasma total tau with 11C-Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB)-PET and 18F-Flortaucipir (FTP)-PET in middle-aged participants at the community-based Framingham Heart Study. Results: Our final sample included 425 participants (mean age 57.6± 9.9, 50% F). Plasma total tau levels were positively associated with amyloid-β deposition in the precuneus region (β±SE, 0.11±0.05; p = 0.025). A positive association between plasma total tau and tau PET in the rhinal cortex was suggested in participants with higher amyloid-PET burden and in APOE ɛ4 carriers. Conclusions: Our study highlights that plasma total tau is a marker of amyloid deposition as early as in middle-age.
Baseline Frontoparietal Gray Matter Volume Predicts Executive Function Performance in Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment at 24-Month Follow-Up
Authors: Lee Ann J. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Stark Jessica H. , Hayes Scott M.
Published: June 2024

Background: Executive dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been associated with gray matter atrophy. Prior studies have yielded limited insight into associations between gray matter volume and executive function in early and late amnestic MCI (aMCI). Objective: To examine the relative importance of predictors of executive function at 24 months and relationships between baseline regional gray matter volume and executive function performance at 24-month follow-up in non-demented older adults. Methods: 147 participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (mean age = 70.6 years) completed brain magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological testing and were classified as cognitively normal (n = 49), early aMCI (n = 60), or late aMCI (n = 38). Analyses explored the importance of demographic, APOE ɛ4, biomarker (p-tau/Aβ42, t-tau/Aβ42), and gray matter regions-of-interest (ROI) variables to 24-month executive function, whether ROIs predicted executive function, and whether relationships varied by baseline diagnostic status. Results: Across all participants, baseline anterior cingulate cortex and superior parietal lobule volumes were the strongest predictors of 24-month executive function performance. In early aMCI, anterior cingulate cortex volume was the strongest predictor and demonstrated a significant interaction such that lower volume related to worse 24-month executive function in early aMCI. Educational attainment and inferior frontal gyrus volume were the strongest predictors of 24-month executive function performance for cognitively normal and late aMCI groups, respectively. Conclusions: Baseline frontoparietal gray matter regions were significant predictors of executive function performance in the context of aMCI and may identify those at risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Anterior cingulate cortex volume may predict executive function performance in early aMCI.
Thermally stressed state of asphalt concrete layer on a metal base
Authors: Gaidaichuk Viktor , Shevchuk Liudmyla
Published: June 2024

The results of a finite element study of the thermally stressed and deformed states of a fragment of a two-layer bridge structure, consisting of a bearing metal orthotropic slab with a layer of asphalt concrete applied on it, are presented. It is believed that the materials of the layers are characterized by different thermomechanical parameters, which determine the inhomogeneity of the stress and strain fields. An analogue of these phenomena can be the effect of transformation in electric thermal relays of thermal action on a bimetallic plate with different coefficients of thermal linear expansion into its mechanical displacements, which are used to actuate the switch and switches.
Using the method of computer modeling, it was found that these factors lead to the concentration of stresses and strains and changes in the stress-strain state in all elements of the bridge structure end are not taken into account in the modern practice of designing and operating bridges, as well as are one of the reasons for the premature destruction of asphalt concrete pavements. To eliminate these shortcomings, on the basis of finite element algorithms, a theoretical analysis of the thermally stressed state of a metal bridge slab with an asphalt concrete pavement at various ratios of their thicknesses is carried out. It is shown that an increase in the thickness of the upper layer can lead to an increase in shear and normal tensile stresses initiated in it. Therefore, when designing bridge structures, these features should be additionally taken into account.
High-precision modelling of deformation of sandwich structures under bilateral symmetric and oblique-symmetric loading
Authors: Gurtovyi Oleksii , Pyskunov Serhii
Published: June 2024

The analysis and assessment of the stress-strain state (STS) of multilayer plates with orthotropic layers under the action of stationary transverse and tangential loads is an urgent task. It includes calculations on the strength and deformability of various homogeneous and multi-layered plates with layers of constant thickness but arbitrary structure according to the thickness of the plate. Combining materials with isotropic and transversely isotropic physical characteristics into a multilayer package allows you to create multifunctional structures. The SSS of such structures, due to their structural heterogeneity and relatively low transverse stiffness of the individual layers, is significantly associated with the influence of transverse shear deformations and transverse compression deformations. Therefore, the problem of refined modeling of SSS plates, which would take into account these types of deformations, is urgent. Based on the decomposition of the SSS plate into flexural and unflexural components, it is proposed to optimize the design scheme of deformation of a rectangular multilayer plate. This significantly simplifies its modeling. For unflexural and exclusively flexural SSS, a two-dimensional, high-degree iterative approximation, but three-dimensional models of deformation of multilayer rectangular plate on a rigid foundation with isotropic, transverse-isotropic and orthotropic layers are constructed in an elastic formulation. That models takes full account deformation of transverse shear and transverse compression at transverse and the tangential loading of a plate. The model is continuous, that is, the number of equations and the order of differentiation of the calculation system of equations does not depend on the number of layers in the slab. This order of differentiation and the number of calculation equations can depend only on the order of iterative approximation of the model. A way of precise satisfaction of all defining correlations of the layers of material under keeping the conditions of their contact is found, while in the known continual models the dependence between the cross normal stress and cross deformation is only integral.The results of the analytical solution of the problem of deformation of a rectangular plate under boundary conditions of the Navier type under the action of transverse and tangential loads are given. By solving the test problems of the deformation of two-layer plates with transversally isotropic layers and three-layer plates with orthotropic layers and comparing the solutions with the exact three-dimensional solutions of these problems obtained by known methods, an assessment of the accuracy of the proposed refined models is given. The limits of admissible parameters of elastic characteristics of transversely isotropic and  orthotropic plates for application of the offered models are established.
Optimization of a vibro-impact damper design using MATLAB tools
Authors: Lizunov Petro , Pogorelova Olha , Postnikova Tetiana
Published: June 2024

The paper studies the dynamics of a vibro-impact system consisting of a main (primary) structure and a vibro-impact damper coupled to it. A vibro-impact damper is a vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink (VI NES). The optimal damper design should provide the best vibration mitigation for the primary structure. The optimization procedures for finding the optimal NES design are carried out using standard MATLAB tools. We used different MATLAB programs, namely surf program, which graphically shows the ranges of parameter pairs to be optimized; fminsearch and fminconprograms, which search for local minima of the objective function. It is shown that the optimization procedure itself is ambiguous and contains a sufficient amount of arbitrariness. Its result is also ambiguous. It is due to the presence of the many possible sets of damper parameters that can provide maximum mitigation of the main structure vibrations. We do not use the genetic algorithm gabecause it selects random intermediate results and yields randomly selected parameter sets from the optimal parameters manifold. Setting the objective function and its parameters plays a crucial role in the optimization process. We have chosen the maximum total energy of the primary structure as the objective function. Each resulting variant of the damper parameter set should be carefully tested and analyzed. We compared the five obtained optimal designs for dampers with two different masses. When analyzing them, we observed different motion modes, namely periodic modes of different periodicity with different number of impacts per cycle, with different ratio of bodies motion periods: 1:1 resonance with resonance capture and 2:1 resonance; amulti-periodic mode with many impacts per cycle, which turned out to be an amplitude-modulated mode – Amplitude Modulated Signal . The final decision on the optimal damper design may be made taking into account various engineering considerations regarding its mass and other parameters. It should be based on the options obtained as a result of the optimization procedure.
Stress state analysis of a cylindrical tank with water of an under water sports palace
Authors: Chovniuk Yurii , Pryimachenko Oleksii , Hasanova Saida , Cherednichenko Petro , Shudra Nataliia
Published: June 2024

The paper analyzes the stress state of a cylindrical tank, which is one of the main structural elements of a sports facility - an underwater sports palace. In the calculation of the cylindrical shell of the tank of constant thickness, the moment theory was used. The reservoir is, in fact, a swimming pool for conducting training sessions on underwater swimming in fins, diving, diving, is considered fixed in its base and filled with liquid (water of a special composition, homogeneous in depth, with a given specific gravity). It is known that integration of the calculation equations of the moment theory (of circular cylindrical shells), namely: a) differential equations of equilibrium; b) equations of deformations; c) equations of forces attributed to the unit length of the coordinate line (tangential forces, bending moments), is a complex mathematical problem associated with solving a system of partial differential equations with variable coefficients. Only the calculation of the curve of a cylindrical shell ultimately leads to a system of differential equations with constant coefficients. Under the assumption of significant depth of the tank compared to the thickness of its walls and the value of the radius of the cylinder base (which allows us to consider it as infinitely long), displacements and forces (tangential and transverse), bending moments are analytically found. The locations of the cylinder surface points, in which the indicated forces and moments acquire maximum values, have been determined; sketches of their diagrams, determining the character of change of these physical quantities (parameters) along the height of the tank, have been given.
The results obtained in the work can be further used to clarify and improve engineering methods of calculation of structural elements of sports facilities of this type, both at the stages of their design and in the modes of real operation in order to prevent situations associated with the loss of their strength and stability.
Definition of the stress-strain state of a glued laminated timber beam reinforced with composite strips using experimental method
Authors: Komar Mykola , Mykhailovskyi Denys
Published: June 2024

The trend in the development of the construction industry worldwide requires increasing attention to ecological aspects, which means that materials with minimal negative impact on the environment are becoming increasingly popular. At the same time, these materials must possess high strength and durability against various external influences and loads. From this perspective, constructions made of wood and its derivatives are gaining the most popularity. Such constructions, made from renewable natural resources, exhibit relatively high strength at relatively low density, thus belonging to such materials. Although wood has its drawbacks, such as susceptibility to drying, rotting, and anisotropy of properties, these drawbacks can be completely mitigated in glued laminated timber structures. Glued laminated timber beams, which are the primary structural element of many buildings and structures, are the most widespread. Therefore, the issue of significantly increasing their rigidity and strength through reinforcement with composite materials is particularly relevant.
This article proposes a methodology for determining the stress-strain state of a glued laminated timber beam reinforced with composite strips. The results include deformation parameters of the experimental model, actual elastic modules during bending, maximum longitudinal stresses at the center of the span, along the load application axis, and along the support axis. Additionally, maximum transverse and shear stresses along the load application axis and along the support axis are determined. The actual maximum load-bearing capacity of the experimental model reinforced with composite strips is established.
Natural frequencies and modes of parametric vibrations of reservoir shell with shape imperfections
Authors: Lizunov Petro , Lukianchenko Olga , Paliy Oksana , Kostina Olena
Published: June 2024

Development of software on the basis of the finite element method led to intensive creation of the numeral methods for the decision of static and dynamic problems of the thin shells. The finite element model of the thin shell has an infinite number of freedom degrees and natural frequencies, so solving the dynamics problem of the shell is difficult. If behavior of natural vibrations of the shell was researched, it is possible to talk about shell internal properties which take a great place at the forced vibrations including parametric one. It is important to take into account influence of the constant component of parametric load on natural frequencies and modes of the shell. Nowadays  forming of an effective model of parametric vibrations of the shell with shape imperfections and choice of the most dangerous imperfections model remain relevant. Influence of real and modelled  imperfections on natural frequencies and modes of reservoir shell parametric vibrations excited by axial load and on shell stability loss was investigated in this article. The finite element models of the shell was formed by software NASTRAN. The modelled shape imperfections as a lower buckling form of perfect shell under static pressure were presented. The real imperfections as the deviations of the shell wall from the vertical were obtained by theodolite surveying. The natural frequencies and modes of the imperfect shell taking into account the its previous stress state from action of the constant component of the parametric load were received by the Lanczos method. Investigations showed that the real imperfections of shell a little influenced on natural frequencies and modes of parametric vibrations. These decreased the critical loads on the first natural frequency on 0,58 % and increased on the second natural frequency shells on 0,79 %, but qualitatively changed the form of stability loss on these frequencies. Modelled imperfections had a greater but not considerable influence on natural frequencies and modes of the shell. But the modelled imperfections of the shell under constant component of parametric load considerably increased the critical load on the first and second natural frequency accordingly on 12,3 % and 5,26 % and changed the shell forms of stability loss. So the modelled imperfections of the shell in the form of the regular circular half-waves increased shell carrying capacity, but not decreased. This positive effect takes place at constructing of cylinder shells from the corrugated rolled sheets.
Lumpy Skin Disease: An Emerging Concern in Pakistan and its Impact on National Economic Loss
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Mudasser , Khalid Aisha , Rehman Mujeeb Ur , Wahab Abdul
Published: June 2024

Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), an emerging viral infection of cattle and buffalo, poses significant challenges to the livestock industry in Pakistan.  Symptoms of this disease include enlarged appearance of lumps, high fever, discharge from the eyes and nose, and loss of appetite. The incubation period of this virus in cattle is approximately 28 days, as per the report of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). This viral infection spreads through direct contact among herds. The World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) and the FAO both warn that the spread of illnesses could lead to serious economic losses. A considerable financial loss in this industry is due to the mortality rate, reduced milk and meat production rate, and increasing management and treatment expenses. Generally, the best administrative approach to treating this disease is vaccination, which is also an economically effective strategy. This review aims to provide insights into the symptoms, risk factors, control, and disease administrative strategies, economic loss associated with Lumpy Skin Disease, and the potential role of vaccination in future disease management strategies.
Pathomorphological Features of the Lesion of the Afterbirth in Extremely Premature Newborns with Intraventricular Hemorrhages
Authors: Melashenko T.V. , Chepelev A.S. , Krasnogorsaya O.L. , Galichina V.A. , Timofeev E.V.
Published: June 2024

Objective. To evaluate morphological changes of placenta in 21 dead preterm babies with extremely low body weight. Materials and Methods. We evaluated the grade of immaturity of the placenta, inflammatory changes of placenta and extraplacental membranes in premature babies who died because of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) 2-3 grades and without sonographic and pathomorphological signs of IVH. Results. We identified the signs of ascending amniotic infections in 13 (100%) children with IVH and only in 4 (50%) babies without IVH. We also found that placenta damages in babies with IVH were associated with bacterial and mixed viral-bacterial infections, and the viral agent was represented mainly by the herpetic group. Only viral pathogens (mainly of the herpetic group) were identified as etiological factors of ascending infection in children without IVH. The role of compensatory changes of the placenta observed in children without signs of IVH in prolongation of pregnancy was noted. Conclusions. The presence of viral-bacterial lesions of placenta has a more pronounced impact on premature delivery, which increases the risk of complications in premature newborns in the form of damage to the central nervous system – intraventricular hemorrhages.
Analisis Penyebab Trouble Sistem Bahan Bakar pada Unit PC300-8 di PT. Runggu Prima Jaya
Authors: Syahruddin Syahruddin , Kurniawan Dedi , Basri Basri , Azmal Azmal
Published: June 2024

Sistem bahan bakar berfungsi sebagai penyedia kebutuhan bakar bakar untuk proses pembakaran pada engine di unit alat berat. Ketika sistem bahan bakar pada excavator mengalami permasalahan, maka engine tidak dapat beroperasi secara maksimal. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan engine sulit untuk start atau bahkan tidak dapat running. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode diagram fishbone untuk menganalisis akar penyebab masalah dari persoalan yang ada. Setelah dilakukan penelitian, ditemukan adanya komponen sistem bahan bakar mengalami kebocoran pada air bleed plug dan kerusakan injektor. Injektor berfungsi untuk menginjeksikan bahan bakar dengan tekanan yang tinggi, waktu yang tepat, dan jumlah yang sesuai. Ditemukan jumlah aliran balik dari injektor menuju tangki lebih besar dibandingkan dengan yang diinjeksikan. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan gangguan pada proses pembakaran di engine, akibatnya sulit dihidupkan.
Rancang Bangun Special Service Tool Remove dan Install Valve Spring Engine Dxi11 pada Unit Renault Trucks
Authors: Akbar Syaeful , Syahruddin Syahruddin , Kartiko Irfak Juwono , Purnawarman Otto
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan special service tool yang mampu menekan keempat valve spring secara bersamaan, sehingga proses remove dan install valve spring dapat dilakukan lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan special tool sebelumnya. Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang telah dilakukan, special tool sebelumnya hanya dapat melakukan remove dan install dua buah valve spring. Selain itu metode pengoperasiannya menggunakan mekanisme tenaga mekanik sebagai penekannya, sehingga mengakibatkan keausan dan kerusakan thread pada stud bar. Metode ini juga tidak sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah ditetapkan pada General Book DXi 11. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rancang bangun special service tool yang baru telah dilakukan analisa uji kekuatan dengan menggunakan software solidworks simulation. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa masing-masing komponen aman menahan beban kerja dengan safety factor minimum 7,6. Hasil metode penekanannya yang menggunakan hydraulic system (sistem hidrolik) juga sesuai dengan prosedur yang tertera dalam General Book DXi 11. Oleh sebab itu memiliki kemampuan me-remove dan install 4 (empat) valve spring per-cylinder sekaligus dengan waktu yang lebih cepat.