bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasmall Monodisperse NiO Nanocrystals as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for the A3-Coupling Reaction Toward Propargylamines
Authors: Moradian Mohsen , Nazarabi Masoomeh
Published: September 2021

Ultrasmall monodisperse NiO nanoparticles (7–9 nm) were synthesized through thermal decomposition of Ni-oleylamine complexes. Various measurement techniques involving Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering technique (DLS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were employed to characterize the synthesized catalyst. Propargylamine derivatives were synthesized with aldehydes, terminal alkynes and primary amines through a one-pot A3-coupling reaction by using a 3 mol% amount of the NiO nanocrystals at 80 °C under solvent-free conditions with good to excellent yields. The structures of the products were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The catalyst presents many advantages including being environmentally friendly, easy to recover, reusable, stable, and applicable to a wide variety of substrates, as well as having cost-effective preparation.
Combined Application of MMT K10 Supported Copper Oxide Nanoparticles for Complete Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solution and their Antibacterial Potential
Authors: Gupta Mahesh Kumar , Tandon Praveen Kumar , Afroz Mubashra , Agrahari Saumya
Published: September 2021

Montmorillonite K10 (MMT K10) supported copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were synthesized by incorporating CuONPs onto the surface of MMT K10 by reducing the metal precursor with the help of hydrazine hydrate. Effects of various factors on the efficiency of composite to remove hexavalent chromium were studied to find out the optimum conditions for maximum removal. Under optimum conditions 15 mg of the synthesized nanocomposite was found capable to almost completely remove (99.9%) hexavalent chromium in 30 min from a 10 ppm aqueous chromium solution and that too in a wide range of pH from 2.88 to 5.56. The synthesized MMT K10 supported CuONPs were characterized by UV, SEM-EDX, FTIR and XRD studies. The average particle size of supported CuONPs was found to be 22.9 nm. Antibacterial potential of the prepared composite was also studied for one Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25323) and one Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). The prepared nanocomposite was found to have excellent bactericidal potential and its statistical analysis was performed using t-test which indicates both bacterial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus show different zone of inhibition for different concentrations.
Variability of Omega-3/6 Fatty Acid Obtained Through Extraction-Transesterification Processes from Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Authors: Ruiz-Domínguez Mari Carmen , Toledo Constanza , Órdenes Daniel , Vílchez Carlos , Ardiles Paula , Palma Jenifer , Cerezal Pedro
Published: September 2021

The effect of direct transesterification methods on the omega-3/6 composition of extracts from Phaeodactylum tricornutum was studied. The aim of this work was to identify an extraction method which allowed to obtain the most suitable profile of fatty acids in terms of its potential benefits to health, particularly if further used in the food industry. Seven methods using acids, alkalis, and heterogeneous-catalysts, (namely methods from 1 to 7, abbreviated as M1-M7) were performed to determine α-linolenic (ALA), linoleic (LA), docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids. The composition of fatty acids was in all cases characterized by the major abundance of palmitic (23.95–34.08%), palmitoleic (30.94–35.56%), oleic acids (3.00–7.41%), and EPA (0.5–6.45%). Unsaturated fatty acids extraction yield was higher with a two-step transesterification process (M6, 63.65%). The total fatty acid methyl ester content (FAME) obtained with acid-transesterification (M1) reached about 21% wt, and 60% w/w total lipids. ALA higher relative content (ALA/LA ratio) was obtained when a lipid pre-extraction step was performed prior to acid-catalysis (M4). The transesterification method based on alkali-catalyst (M3, KOH catalyst) led to obtain higher DHA relative contents (DHA/EPA ratio up to 0.11), although its FAME content was 3.75-fold lower than that obtained with acid-transesterification (M1). Overall, this study shows that direct transesterification with alkali-catalyst (M3) improves the determination of PUFA content from the diatom through a more efficient transesterification-based extraction process, and thus allow to assess the value of the biomass more accurately for application in the food industry.
Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Bioactive Compounds by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction from Artichoke Wastes
Authors: Turker Izzet , Isleroglu Hilal
Published: September 2021

In this study, bioactive compounds were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and classical extraction processes using distilled water as solvent from artichoke leaves which are considered as agricultural wastes. Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content values of the obtained bioactive extracts were determined, and extraction yields and times were evaluated to compare the extraction processes. Also, the optimum extraction conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (extraction time and ultrasonic power) which provide the highest extraction yield were determined using D-optimal design by ‘desirability’ function approach. According to the results, bioactive extracts having high antioxidant capacity were obtained at shorter times and higher extraction yields were achieved by ultrasonic-assisted extraction process than classical extraction. The highest extraction yield was estimated as 98.46% with an application of 20.05 minutes of extraction time and 65.02% of ultrasonic amplitude for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process.
Marker Compounds Adsorbed on Dust Particles (PM10) Sampled According to Standard EN 12341 in the Outdoor Air Near the Cement Plant
Authors: Vončina Ernest
Published: September 2021

Compounds adsorbed onto PM10 in the air near the cement plant were determined. Several side reactions that occur in the hot flue gas stream at the same time as the actual main reactions are also possible. This leads to the formation of traces of organic nitrogen compounds. For the GC/MS determination of polar organic compounds silylation as a derivatization method was used. Organic compounds detected are derivatives of sugars, sugar alcohols, and mono-, di- and tri-carboxylic acids. The composition is characteristic for pollution of the urbane atmosphere. Nitrogen organic compounds formed during the urea thermolytic process in hot cement kiln gases represent parabanic acid, 5-hydroxyhydantoin, 4,5-dihydroxyhydantoin, 5-oxoproline, and cyanuric acid. The inorganic part of aerosols detected includes oxyanions of sulfamic acid, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, and vanadate(V) with ammonium as a cation. Chemical compositions of particles are crucial to assess the health impacts since the biological responses to aerosols are not always linked with major constituents but rather with toxicologically potent minor components.
Analytical Modeling of Thermodynamic and Transport Anomalies of Water
Authors: Urbic Tomaz
Published: September 2021

The structures and properties of biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and membranes depend on water. Water is also very important in industry. Overall, water is an unusual substance with more than 70 anomalous properties. The understanding of water is advancing significantly due to the theoretical and computational modeling. There are different kinds of models, models with fine-scale properties and increasing structural detail with increasing computational expense, and simple models, which focus on global properties of water like thermodynamics, phase diagram and are less computationally expensive. Simplified models give a better understanding of water in ways that complement more complex models. Here, we review analytical modelling of properties of water on different levels, the two- and three-dimensional Mercedes– Benz (MB) models of water and experimental water.
The Role of Innovation Infrastructure Development Institutions in Ensuring Legal Protection and Commercialization of the Results of Intellectual Activity
Authors: Egorova M. A.
Published: September 2021

The forms of commercialization of innovations, due to their uniqueness, are quite diverse. The monetary method of maintaining competition is outdated. In this regard, legal instruments, institutional environment and institutions for the development of innovations—technoparks, technopolises, business incubators, scientific and technological centers—are being increasingly used. Such catalysts of knowledge and innovation consolidate the interests of the State, business and society. The paper examines the innovation infrastructure in the context of law, identifies the problems of commercialization of rights to the results of intellectual activity (RIA). The author carries out a sistematic analysis of the Russian regulatory framework for innovation, commercialization of innovation and RIA, and the legal framework for the activities of innovation development institutions. It is substantiated that the protection of the results of intellectual activity and the legislative consolidation of a set of measures for the protection of intellectual property represent the most important backbone elements of the national innovation system. When analyzing the legal framework for the creation of technology parks, business incubators and innovative scientific and technological centers, their significant participation in the commercialization of RIA was revealed. However, legal support for participants in innovative activities, entrepreneurs for state registration and protection of rights to RIA is carried out insufficiently and fragmentarily. The author examines the foreign experience of technoparks’ activities, their types and legal regulation.
The Anticompetitive Concerted Actions Design in Russian Antimonopoly Legislation: Theoretical Aspects and Practice of Applying the Rules
Authors: Istomin V. G.
Published: September 2021

The Russian antimonopoly legislation establishes prohibitions in relation to various types of anticompetitive behavior of economic entities, including concerted actions that the legislator considers as a separate violation of antimonopoly legislation. Despite the existence and application of norms regarding the prohibition of concerted actions, there is no unity among scholars and practitioners in understanding both the very need for a prohibition of concerted actions in the legislation, and the essential features of this offense. Serious theoretical and practical problems also arise in the delimitation of concerted actions and another kind of anticompetitive behavior, namely: agreements that restrict competition. The paper concludes that the literal meaning of the term “concerted actions” does not correspond to the content of the normative regulation of this prohibited behavior, since concerted actions as a legal category represents a part of the more general concept of “agreement." There is also a lack of uniformity in differentiating competition-restricting agreements and concerted actions. The author argues that it is necessary to correct the name of such an offense as concerted actions and some of its signs, while generally maintaining the corresponding prohibition in the antimonopoly legislation.
Foreign Experience in the Legal Regulation of Direct Consumer Genetic Testing
Authors: Logacheva M. D. , Pushkarev V. S.
Published: September 2021

Genomics methods and the results of genomic research are widely used in many areas of human activity. However, the rapid development of technologies leads to the fact that legal regulation does not take into account all their opportunities and risks. Thus, in recent years, the so-called direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DCGT), a type of genetic testing performed at the initiative of the consumer and for his personal purposes, has become widespread. The range of issues that the tests touch on is very wide: from the origin and family ties determination to recommendations for choosing an occupation and hobbies. In Russia, this industry is currently rapidly developing. At the same time, there is no legal regulation of the industry. The paper examines the foreign experience of DCGT services regulation. The authors show significant influence of the concept of "genetic exclusivity" on the legislation regulating this industry. However, the integrity of approaches to the regulation and the depth of consideration of controversial issues vary greatly. For the United States—the leader in both the number of companies providing DCGT services and the number of their clients—a self-regulation strategy remains the most characteristic one (at least until recently). Countries such as France, Germany, and Israel have adopted the tough stance against DCGTs, effectively prohibiting genetic testing without prescription. This is preconditioned by both the objective shortcomings of genetic tests and the originality of the historical past and social structure of these countries. We believe that the optimal way for Russia is self-regulation with the provision of the broadest and most objective information about the possibilities and limitations of DCGT on the part of professional communities (geneticists, bioethics specialists).
Legal Certainty as the Basis of Criminal Proceedings: From Theory to Legislation Improvement
Authors: Usachev A. A.
Published: September 2021

The paper is devoted to an important problem of legal certainty in the Russian criminal procedural law and the criminal procedural activity regulated by it in modern conditions. These are characterized, among other things, by the development of digital technologies, in the context of improving the legal (procedural) and organizational aspects of pre-trial and judicial proceedings. The author conducts an analysis of the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, which considers the principle of legal certainty as inherent in the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and as one of the fundamental manifestations of the rule of law. The author studies legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation showing that legal uncertainty leads to arbitrariness; the principle of legal certainty is generally recognized and general legal; the need to ensure the operation of the analyzed principle in the Russian legal system follows from the international obligations of the Russian Federation. It is emphasized that both legal norms and law enforcement practice must meet the principle of legal certainty. Given the legal nature of criminal proceedings, objectively characterized by the possibility of restricting the rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities, the widespread use of measures of state coercion, the author, in order to increase the efficiency of the activities of the participants in criminal proceedings endowed with powers of authority and the guarantee of the rights and legitimate interests of other participants in criminal proceedings, proposes to make additions to Art. 1 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation as the first step towards solving the problems of legal certainty of pre-trial and judicial proceedings in criminal proceedings.
Visa Refusals to Foreign Scientists Participants in Megascience Experiments, other Scientific Events and the Right to Appeal: New in the ECJ Practice
Authors: Chetverikov A. O.
Published: September 2021

The paper analyzes the provisions of the legislation and the latest court practice of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) regulating the procedure for refusing to issue Schengen visas and other migration permits necessary for foreign scientists to participate in experiments using unique European mega-science facilities, as well as in other scientific events in the EU. The first section "Visa refusal and the right to appeal it in the EU: Historical and comparative legal aspects" examines the formation and initial content of the EU rules on the rationale and appeal of the refusal of Schengen visas, starting with the Schengen agreements of the 1980s and before the adoption of the 2009 EU Visa Code. The second section "Right to appeal against refusal of Schengen and equivalent visas" is devoted to the rules of the 2009 EU Visa Code regarding visas for short-term stays (up to 90 days within a period of 180 days), amended and supplemented by the 2017 EU Court of Justice prejudicial decision as in the case of "El Hassani" regarding the recognition of foreigners’ right to judicial appeal against a visa refusal and, in a broader context, "the right to a fair and adequate consideration of their application" for a visa. The subject of the third, final section "The right to appeal the refusal of visas for long-term stay and residence permits" are the provisions of the latest ECJ court practice (judgment in the case of "M.A." of 10.03.2021), which made it possible to challenge in the courts of the EU Member States refusals to issue even those migration permits that are issued in accordance with national law.
Moot Courts as one of the Legal Education Development Trends in the 21st Century
Authors: Zasemkova O. F.
Published: September 2021

The paper attempts to comprehend the place and role of moot courts in modern legal education. To achieve this goal, the concept and types of moot courts are considered. The author analyses the order of their organization and conduct as a business game in the course of studying an academic discipline (module) and as a competition (competition) among students of higher educational institutions. The main stages of preparing the team for participation in the modeling process are characterized. The author argues an opinion that there are significant advantages of using moot courts in legal education, and supports it with, apart from other things, the results of the author’s survey of students of Kutafin Moscow State University (MSAL) having taken part in different moot court competitions. The author also identifies some difficulties in the preparation of teams. The author concludes that moot courts have an important role in the training of highly qualified specialists to make them ready to solve complex legal issues and possess all the knowledge and skills necessary for this.
Analisis Miskonsepsi Materi Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia Tema 4 pada Siswa Kelas V SD
Authors: Izza Mar’atul , Sukamti Sukamti , Winahyu Sri Estu
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This study aims to describe the material misconceptions about the human circulatory system in fifth grade students at SD Negeri 1 Sumberpasir. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection through essay tests and interviews. The research subjects were fifth grade students. The results showed that there were still many students who had misconceptions about the concept of the human circulatory organ, the process of human blood circulation, human blood circulation disorders and how to maintain the health of the circulatory organ.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan miskonsepsi materi sistem peredaran darah manusia pada siswa kelas V di SD Negeri 1 Sumberpasir. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui tes esai dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas V. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masih banyak siswa yang mengalami miskonsepsi pada konsep organ peredaran darah manusia, proses peredaran darah manusia, gangguan peredaran darah manusia dan cara memelihara kesehatan organ peredaran darah.
Perbandingan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Penggunaan Media Poster Berbasis Ppt Interaktif dan Media Video Animasi pada Muatan IPS Kelas IV di SD
Authors: Maysella Yesita Galatia , Imam Syaiful , Cholifah Puri Selfi
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the learning outcomes between students using PowerPoint-based poster learning media with animated video media in social studies subject class IV material "cultural diversity" at SDN Bunulrejo 02 Malang. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a population of all fourth grade students at SDN Bunulrejo 02 Malang. The sample in this study used a purposive sampling technique with 28 students in class IV A as the control class using PowerPoint-based poster media, while in class IV C, 28 students as an experimental class using animated video media. Data collection techniques in this study used the results of pre-test and posttest, interviews and documentation. The results of the study using the t-test obtained tcount is 6.474 and ttable is 2.005, so that the data with tcount greater than ttable, where Ha is acceptable, and it is concluded that there is a significant comparison of student learning outcomes between the use of poster-based learning media and video learning media. animation on social studies learning material about cultural diversity.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan guna melihat adanya perbandingan hasil belajar antara siswa yang menggunakan media pembelajaran poster berbasis powerpoint dengan media video animasi pada mata pelajaran IPS kelas IV materi “keragaman budaya” di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Bunulrejo 02 Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimental dengan populasi seluruh peserta didik kelas IV SDN Bunulrejo 02 Malang. Sampel dalam penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kelas IV A sebanyak 28 peserta didik sebagai kelas kontrol yang menggunakan media poster berbasis powerpoint adapun kelas IV C sebanyak 28 peserta didik sebagai kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan media video animasi. Teknik dalam pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan hasil tes pre-test dan posttest, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji-t diperoleh thitung adalah 6,474 dan ttabel adalah 2,005, sehingga data tersebut dengan thitung lebih dari ttabel di mana Ha dapat diterima, dan disimpulkan adanya perbandingan hasil belajar peserta didik yang signifikan antara menggunakan media pembelajaran poster berbasis powerpoint dengan media pembelajaran video animasi pada pembelajaran IPS materi keragaman budaya.
Factores asociados al desempeño académico universitario: tendencias geográficas, temporales y temáticas
Authors: Gallo Oscar , Adoumieh Nour , Lugo Jiménez Abdul , Martínez Vargas Rafael Pastor
Published: September 2021

The aim of this literature review was to identify the factors that influence university academic performance. The methodology consisted of carrying out a systematic review of the literature in Web of Science (including Scielo) and Scopus, with the help of the Citavi 6 bibliographic manager and the MaxQDA 2020 qualitative data analysis software. The search yielded 1491 articles including the categories academic performance, academic achievement, university students. Of the 1491, one third were excluded based on socioeconomic, cultural and educational criteria. It was concluded that academic performance is a complex phenomenon associated with psychological and pedagogical factors; however, in recent years there has been a rise in discourses and arguments from psychology and administration to the detriment of analyses of social and economic factors.
Expectativas de formación avanzada en el campo académico de la gestión pedagógica: una configuración desde las voces de los directivos docentes
Authors: Sánchez Buitrago Jorge Oswaldo , Gómez Perez Carlos Sader , Evilla Cortina Luis Alberto
Published: September 2021

This article seeks to reveal the main expectations regarding advanced training that educational managers have in the field of pedagogical management. This information arises from the voices of the rectors, in an attempt to configure training scenarios in this academic field. The research is qualitative in nature, without discriminating statistical data. It is framed in the Critical Theory of the sciences with a comprehensive-transforming intentionality. A methodological trajectory framed in the perspective of multi-methodical complementarity is privileged, allowing the use of research techniques such as the focal dialogue meeting, the in-depth interview and the questionnaire. Participating social actors are represented in 139 rectors of the department of Magdalena (Colombia). From the results it can be read that among the rectors there is great interest in continuing their postgraduate training studies and a professional qualification at the master’s and doctorate levels. The greatest dream or aspiration in the performance of teaching directors is aimed at improving educational quality. In addition, it has the expectation for an advanced training program in the field of pedagogical management that reconciles the pedagogy - management binomial; a program contextualized and adapted to the needs and requirements of the Territory; to strengthen the management and leadership practices of the teaching directors; to think from an intercultural perspective, to be humanistic and to emphasize planning and innovative methodologies of pedagogical management.
The historical characteristics of the source domains in Chinese LIFE metaphor
Authors: Tie Yi
Published: September 2021

This research investigates the diachronic variation of the source domains in Chinese LIFE metaphor. Close examination of data from historical corpora has revealed that the source domain types evolve gradual diversified changes based on the social material and cultural life. Specifically, the results show that (1) harsh living environment and farming understanding account for Chinese ancestors’ preference for crops as the source domain in their life metaphors, (2) the territory extension and duplicate metaphysics together give reasons why the Tang Chinese favor transportation as well as natural phenomenon as the source domains in their life metaphors, (3) the increasing material enrichment and cultural diversification of modern times provide experiential motivation of the gamut of source domain types in Mandarin life metaphors. Thus, a conclusion can be reached that metaphor variation reflects social material level and intellectual level throughout the ages.
“Fu” and “Zhou”—A preliminary study on “language worship” and its symbolization
Authors: Yuan Xinyu , Li Hongbo
Published: September 2021

The article aims to, based on the study of “Spells” (or “Fuzhou”, 符咒, including the magic figures and incantations), find out the relationship of “Fu” (符, talisman1), “Zhou” (咒, incantations)” and “language worship” (including written language and oral language). There is an in-depth probe into “language worship”, and the clarification of the term “Fu” and “Fushu” (the use of Fu), “Zhou” and “Zhoushu” (the use of Zhou), no matter in a narrow sense or a broad one. In addition, the differentiation of language, “language worship” and “Spells” has been achieved via symbols and their symbolization. The final conclusion of such study shows that language worship is the process of language symbolization, and spells, in essence, is the symbol of language.
A cognitive-functional approach to utterance pairs: A critical review of dialogic construction grammar
Authors: Li Yujing
Published: September 2021

The combination of construction grammar and dialogic syntax in cognitive linguistics facilitates a novel cognitive-functional approach to investigating dialogues, which highlights the engagement of interlocutors and aims to examine the cognitive motivation and mechanism underlying the resonances and temporary constructions in utterance pairs. Nevertheless, studies on dialogic construction grammar are scarce and unsystematic, some of which concern theoretical explanation instead of practical application with sufficient data. As a result, it is demanding to testify its explanatory force in diverse types of utterance pairs in natural language. Basically grounded on the monograph Dialogic Construction Grammar: A Theoretical Framework and Its Application, this review sorts out the development of dialogic construction grammar, and manages to presents how the Event domain-based Schema-Instance model is constructed to explore the cognitive mechanism of common types of utterance pairs, particulary, wh-question and answer pairs, namely wh-dialogues, with the intention to  explain how dialogic construction grammar theory is applied to investigate the cognitive-functional properties of common utterance pairs in linguistic communication, at the same time pointing out the future work that might be done in the studies on construction grammar.
Usefulness of the Nasal Allergen Provocation Test in the Diagnosis of Shellfish Allergy
Authors: Gelis S , Rueda M , Pascal M , Fernández-Caldas E , Fernández EA , Araujo-Sánchez G , Bartra J , Valero A
Published: September 2021

Background: Shellfish allergy is a major cause of food allergy and anaphylaxis worldwide. Several allergenic proteins have been described in the last few years, but the only diagnostic tool that still enables discrimination between allergic and nonallergic sensitized persons is the oral food challenge (OFC). Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the nasal allergen provocation test (NAPT) as a diagnostic tool in shellfish allergy. Methods: Forty-five patients with confirmed sensitization to shrimp by a positive skin prick test (SPT) result with a commercial shrimp extract were recruited and classified as sensitized-allergic or sensitized-nonallergic based on current tolerance to shrimp intake, the result of an OFC with a freeze-dried cooked shrimp mixture extract, or a recent history of anaphylaxis induced by shrimp ingestion. These patients and 10 controls not sensitized to shrimp underwent NAPT with a freeze-dried cooked shrimp mixture extract. The response was evaluated using acoustic rhinometry and a visual analog scale. Results: Significant differences (P=.001) were found between the sensitized-allergic group (18/20 positive NAPT, 90%) and both the sensitized-nonallergic group (2/18 positive NAPT, 11.1%) and controls (0/10 positive NAPT). NAPT enables differentiation between allergic and nonallergic persons with a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 89%, positive predictive value of 90%, and negative predictive value of 89%. Conclusions: Our results indicate that NAPT makes it possible to differentiate between sensitized symptomatic patients and sensitized tolerant patients and could be a valuable diagnostic tool when assessing shrimp allergy.
Treatment and Outcome in Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2: A Literature Review
Authors: Zhang B , Xu N , Chen J , Zhang S , Huang X , Shen M , Zeng X
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is a rare disease with varying phenotypes and disease outcomes. We evaluated the treatment of DADA2 and explored the factors associated with disease outcome. Methods: A systemic literature review of DADA2 was conducted. Cases were included if they had documented detailed genotypes, phenotypes, treatment protocols, and outcomes. Patients were categorized as having uncontrolled and controlled disease. Factors associated with disease outcome were analyzed using logistic regression models. Results: The study population comprised 242 DADA2 patients with data on treatment protocols and responses, of whom 17 required no treatment. Tumor necrosis factor a inhibitors (TNFi) were effective in 78.6% (103/131). Hematological abnormalities and increased acute phase reactants are independently associated with the effectiveness of TNFi (OR, 0.21 [95%CI, 0.07-0.661; P=.007] and 9.62 [95%CI, 2.31-40.00; P=.002, respectively). Among the 225 patients requiring active treatment, 157 (69.8%) had controlled disease and 68 (30.2%) uncontrolled disease. Neither age of disease onset nor genotype was associated with disease outcome. Increased acute phase reactant values, constitutional symptoms, neurological symptoms, and treatment with TNFi were independently associated with disease control, while recurrent infections and severe vascular events were the main causes of mortality (10/21 and 6/21, respectively). Conclusion: In patients requiring treatment, symptoms of systemic inflammation and vasculitis and treatment with TNFi are associated with disease control. Recurrent infections and severe vascular events should be treated intensively, as they are the main causes of death. Hematological abnormalities should be monitored, as they decrease the effectiveness of TNFi.
Gender Diversity on the Board of Director and Firm Performance: Agency Theory Perspective
Authors: Hindasah Lela , Harsono Mugi
Published: September 2021

Research aims: This paper provides a literature review on the influence of board of directors' gender diversity on financial and non-financial performance.Design/Methodology/Approach: This research used the content analysis identified from previous studies based on the proxies employed. The article selection process was carried out from reputable international journals published in 2017-2020, resulting in 50 articles discussing board gender diversity and performance.Research findings: This study's results are a conceptual model and future research developments. Research related to female directors and performance has been much carried out. Hence, future research suggests correlating female directors based on monitoring characteristics, human capital board, and demographics. The influence of gender diversity on non-financial performance is also rarely studied.Theoretical contribution/Originality: Identification of gender diversity attributes associated with financial and non-financial performancePractitioner/Policy implication: This study provides valuable information for policymakers or regulators to refine future corporate governance policies and increase understanding of the relationship between corporate governance practices and company performance as measured by financial and non-financial performance.Research limitation/Implication: This study is based on only 50 articles in the last four years.
A polêmica e o ethos discursivo sob uma perspectiva linguístico-discursiva
Authors: Paré Glück Eduardo , Vier Sabrina
Published: September 2021

A polêmica está presente em debates e discussões na Internet, especialmente quando a questão é política. Compreender como um texto de cunho político-social envolvendo um tópico polêmico e de destaque é desenvolvido se faz mister nos dias atuais. Assim, objetivou-se verificar a natureza polêmica e o ethos discursivo do enunciador de um artigo de opinião publicado na Folha de São Paulo. Maingueneau (2002; 2008), para tratar do ethos discursivo, e Amossy (2008; 2017a), a fim de verificar as marcas da polêmica discursiva, são os referenciais basilares. Os resultados evidenciam um texto de natureza polêmica que carrega um ethos discursivo que se releva enunciativamente por meio da ironia, da negação e do manejo do outro. Conclui-se que, embora a Folha de São Paulo se caracterize como um jornal apartidário, é possível revelar o ethos discursivo do enunciador, bem como a natureza polêmica, a partir de marcas linguístico-discursivas contidas no texto.
Inference of Mulla Sadra's Ethical Views in the Four Realms of Meta-Ethics
Authors: Seif-Farshad Mehran , Kheire Yousef , Amin Madayen Seyyed Mohammad
Published: September 2021

Meta-ethics is an important and fundamental part of ethical philosophy. Normative ethics discusses the ethical criterion and definition of happiness and obligation; but Meta-ethics deals with its background. In other words, it puts ethical propositions into philosophical questions in terms of meaning, cognition, and truth. In the intellectual system of transcendent wisdom, metaphysical issues and sheer philosophy are studied in order to help human beings to develop and transcend. In fact, human ethics and transcendence along with theology are two main goals of transcendent wisdom. In this regard, it is important to understand Mulla Sadra's views on meta-ethics as well as to discover and deduce it among Mulla Sadra's philosophical views. While defining meta-ethics, explaining its domains and asking main questions about each of these domains, the method of comparative study is used in this paper in order to provide the most appropriate and consistent possible answers to questions in the realm of meta-ethics - based on Mulla Sadra's views on the originality of existence Substantial motion and Union of Intelligent and Intelligible and so on.
The Role of Competition in the Development of Small Industrial Zones
Authors: Shodmonqulov Kamoliddin Murodillayevich
Published: September 2021

This article examines the role and importance of competition in the development of small industrial zones from a scientific and theoretical point of view, in which the important aspects of the development of economic zones through investment are discussed in detail.
Financial Technology: Development of Innovative Fintech Start-Ups and Its Application in Banking System of Uzbekistan
Authors: Allayarov Shamsiddin Amanullaevich , Ravshanova Maktuba
Published: September 2021

In the context of globalization, labor migration, trade and capital movements, tourism, foreign investment, IT are affected by the economic growth rates of countries. Periodic disclosure of reforms in the new Uzbekistan, the beginning of socio-economic relations provided opportunities for modernization, technical and technological re-equipment of the industrial sector. In particular, the need for financial technology in commercial banks is important to conduct research in this area. The influence of fintech is beginning to be felt in the banking sector and capital markets. This article surveys its development and its impact on efficiency, banking market structure, strategies of incumbents and entrants, and financial stability.
Generalization of the Fourier problem of temperature waves in half-space
Authors: Afanasyev Anatoly M. , Bakhracheva Yulia S.
Published: September 2021

The problem of asymptotic fluctuations of temperature and moisture content in a half-space whose boundary is blown by an air flow with a temperature varying according to the harmonic law is solved by the method of complex amplitudes. The material filling the half-space consists of a solid base (capillary-porous body) and water. The well-known Fourier solution for temperature fluctuations in half-space in the absence of moisture and under the boundary conditions of heat exchange ofthefirst kind is generalized to the case of a wet material under the boundary conditions of Newton for temperature and Dalton for moisture content. The results of the work can be used in geocryology to model seasonal changes in the thermophysical state offrozen rocks and soils, in the theory of building structures to study the thermal regime of indoor premises with fluctuations in ambient temperature, in the theory of drying by electromagnetic radiation to study the processes of heat and mass transfer inoscillating modes.
Calculated estimation of electromagnetic compatibility of radio-electronic means of space systems and complexes
Authors: Krivobokov Yevgeny E.
Published: September 2021

This article presents the methods of complex computational and analytical assessment of ensuring electromagnetic compatibility of technical means (electrical, electronic and radio-electronic means of launch vehicles and spacecraft). These methods allow us to conduct a comprehensive computational and analytical assessment of the electromagnetic compatibility of the technical means of rocket and space technology, which in its essence allows us to assess the mutual influence of the technical means of rocket and space technology already at the design stage of rocket and space technology objects. The analysis of the results of the assessment of the electromagnetic compatibility of the technical means of rocket and space technology allows us to develop organizational and technical measures aimed at ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility of the technical means of rocket and space technology at all stages of the life cycle of objects of rocket and space technology. To assess the electromagnetic compatibility of the technical means of rocket and space technology, an integrated approach was chosen due to the large dimension of the initial data and the variety of possible variants of interference penetration.
Reflection of waves from a mobile elastic layer in a multimode waveguide
Authors: Ustinova Elena S. , Volovach Vladimir I. , Antipova Tatyana A. , Adishirin-Zade Kaira A.
Published: September 2021

Waveguide structures are used to transmit energy and information signals in a wide range of wavelengths and, in terms of wave-guiding physical properties, usually have mutual (identical) properties in forward and backward directions. The asymmetry of the structure and external influences can often cause non-reciprocity of structures for waves, propagating in mutually opposite directions (this property, although limited, is already used in the so-called nonreciprocal devices of microwave, EHF and optical ranges such as ferrite valves, circulators, phase shifters). At the same time, the nonreciprocal properties of wave-guiding structures, independent of their physical nature, were not considered. It is found, that the motion of the medium filling the acoustic waveguide leads to nonreciprocity of its parameters in the forward and backward directions. The degree of nonreciprocity is proportional to the velocity of the medium. The velocity of the medium also affects the propagation velocity of acoustic waves and leads to a change in the critical frequencies or critical wavelengths of the waveguide modes. As the velocity of the medium increases, the number of modes for which the propagation condition is satisfied increases as well.
This study aims to further promote the understanding of the antecedents of the acceptance and use of digital wellness technologies among elderly people through a follow-up to our two prior studies, one which examines the potential longer-term temporal changes in the use intention of digital wellness technologies and its antecedents in the case of the young elderly segment and physical activity logger applications. We base this examination theoretically on UTAUT2 and empirically on survey data that is collected from 92 Finnish young elderly users of a physical activity logger application in three subsequent time points and analysed with partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). We find that the initial strong decline in the scores of the antecedent constructs and use intention becomes weaker as the construct scores stabilise over time, whereas especially the effects of perA Follow-Up on the Changes in the Use Intention of Digital Wellness Technologies and Its Antecedents Over Time: The Use of Physical Activity Logger Applications Among Young Elderly in Finland
Authors:   Institute for Advanced Management Systems Research, Turku, Finland, Makkonen Markus , Kari Tuomas ,   Institute for Advanced Management Systems Research, Turku, Finland, Frank Lauri ,   University of Jyvaskyla, Faculty of Information Technology, Jyvaskyla, Finland
Published: September 2021

This study aims to further promote the understanding of the antecedents of the acceptance and use of digital wellness technologies among elderly people through a follow-up to our two prior studies, one which examines the potential longer-term temporal changes in the use intention of digital wellness technologies and its antecedents in the case of the young elderly segment and physical activity logger applications. We base this examination theoretically on UTAUT2 and empirically on survey data that is collected from 92 Finnish young elderly users of a physical activity logger application in three subsequent time points and analysed with partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). We find that the initial strong decline in the scores of the antecedent constructs and use intention becomes weaker as the construct scores stabilise over time, whereas especially the effects of performance expectancy and effort expectancy on use intention remain relatively unstable.
Social Robots for Reducing Mathematics Hiatuses in Primary Education, an Exploratory Field Study
Authors:   HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Institute for ICT, Digital Ethics, the Netherlands, Smakman Matthijs , Smit Koen ,   HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Institute for ICT, Digital Ethics, the Netherlands, Lan Eline ,   HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Institute for ICT, the Netherlands, Fermin Thomas ,   HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Institute for ICT, the Netherlands, van Lagen Job ,   HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Institute for ICT, the Netherlands, Maas Julia ,   HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Institute for ICT, the Netherlands, van Vliet David ,   HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Institute for ICT, the Netherlands, Leewis Sam ,   HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Institute for ICT, Digital Ethics, the Netherlands
Published: September 2021

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 schools have gone into lockdown and teachers have had to teach pupils online from home. When pupils go back to school, standard, contemporary learning methods do not seem to be enough to reduce incurred hiatuses. Social robots are slowly becoming an integral component of our society and have great potential as educational technology. This study explores how social robots in classrooms can contribute to reducing mathematics-related hiatuses in Dutch primary education (pupils from four till twelve years old). A social robot as a tutor is evaluated by means of a field study with children (n = 43) to compare a class working with the robot, to a class working without the robot. Multiple factors on learning effect are taken into account by using a survey. Our results demonstrate that a robot can take the role of a tutor and practice with pupils. The results are of interest to researchers in the field of human-robot interaction as well as to educational institutes who wish to understand the implications of adopting robots in education.
A framework for the use of reliability methods in deep urban excavations analysis
Authors: Arabaninezhad Arefeh , Fakher Ali
Published: September 2021

Deep excavations in urban areas impose deformation to adjacent structures; hence the reliability of deformation analysis for the real deep excavation projects is very important to be assessed. In this study a framework is presented for the use of reliability methods in deformation analysis of deep urban excavations. The suggested framework is applied for 5 real deep excavation projects implemented during last 10 years. All studied cases were recognized as projects of high importance in urban areas, and were monitored during the excavation process. A non-probabilistic reliability analysis procedure, Random set method, in combination with finite element numerical modeling is applied to obtain the probability of unsatisfactory performance for each case. The reliability analysis results are confirmed by field observations and measurements. Typical results for the probability of analytical deformations exceeding the acceptable values along with the site observations and measured displacements for 5 real deep excavation projects show that the reliability analysis could be a beneficial tool for designer. It is concluded that applying the suggested framework in the design stage of deep excavation projects may lead to design more appropriate systems compared to common deterministic design methods.