bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
School of Hilla of Biography of the Hadith Narrator )Scholars of Hadith( OR / The People of Hilla and Their Efforts in Researching the )Biography of the Hadith Narrator (Scholars of Hadith )Second Part / The final(
Authors: Mohammed Baqir Malikan
Published: April 2024

In the first part, it had been discussed the Hilla scholars of biography of the hadith narrators (Scholars of Hadith), their books and part of the most important books.In this second part which is the last part, it will discuss a study of two books; (Kholasat Al-Aqwal / The Summary of Sayings) for Al-Alamah Al- Hilli; and (Al-Rijaal / The (Hadith) Narrators) for Ibin Dawood.
what it was examined of the heritage productions of Hilla scholars
Authors: Qassim Rahim Hassan
Published: April 2024

This project shows us some of the intellectual characteristics of the scholars of the city of Hilla, which benefited the other cities with the production of their scholars for more than three centuries of time or more, and shows the favorite of this city in the conservation of the science of religion, and thus reveal a history of glory, to add a new and important phase to the history of this ancient city, and show what was hidden for the past, because of the injustice and arbitrariness suffered by its people and their heritage which is so valuable . It is important to prove the richness of the intellectual output of the scholars of Hilla, especially after the catastrophe of Baghdad in (656 hijri ) by the Mongolian armies, which led to the migration of many of its scientists to the city of Hilla, which was safe, and as a
The Phenomena of Supporting the Quran Inferences by the Sayings of the Exegetists according to Al-Alama (Scholar) Al-Hilli (Died / 726 Hijri) in his Book (Muntaha Al-Talib)
Authors: Ameer Jabar Kadhum Al-Mola
Published: April 2024

The Quran inference according to Al-Alama (Scholar) Al-Hilli (Died / 726 Hijri) in his comparative fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) book (Outside the Sect) – Muntaha Al-Talib fi Tahqiq al-Mathhab (Utmost Demand in Achieving the Doctrine) who was very keen to support it with the sayings of exegetists which represents a phenomena. Based on that, I have chosen it to be the subject of the study in order to bring out this phenomena and understand its dimensions at Al-Alama Al-Hilli in his aforementioned book. I have called it (The Phenomena of Supporting the Quran Inferences by the Sayings of the Exegetist according to Al-Alama (Scholar) Al-Hilli (Died / 726 Hijri) in his Book (The Utmost Demand)). It is worth mentioning that the center point of the research is (Quran Evidence), due to the fact that it is the center of the exegetists’ explanations, and he (Al-Alama Al-Hilli) looked over the other evidences used to be inferred to like the narrations, narrators consensus, mind, and Islamic practical rules of jurisprudence (Usual Al-Amalya).
The Inferences of Ibn Batriq al-Hilly on the Famous Exegetic Methods of the Exegesis of Ibn Abbas
Authors: Ali Muhsin Badi
Published: April 2024

Stressing the textual criticism of hadiths and documenting them relying on solid evidence related to their original sources is a characteristic of the studies that are carried out by the twelver-shia scholars of all time. This study confirms this fact by presenting a part of it through the heritage of the famous scholar from the Hawza of Hilla, Yahya bin Hassan known as Ibn Batriq al-Hilly. The Inferences of Ibn Batriq on the Famous Exegesis of Ibn Abbas through well-known references is the best sample in which the intended purpose is achieved. The person who is familiar with the remaining of scientific heritage of Ibn Batriq finds a firm commitment and keenness to document his references when quoting from Ibn Abbas' exegesis through main resources in a way that deserves to perused and studies in a special method.
Features s from life's Abdul Hussain Al-Hilli and his Intellectual role
Authors: Wissam Abbas Al-Sabe
Published: April 2024

This research is about some parts of the life of the (Islamic) jurist, textual criticizer and judge, Shaikh Abdul Hussein al-Hilly (1882-1956(. The research concentrates on the first part of his life before his emigration to Bahrain in 1935, after being elected to the position of a distinguished judge in the Islamic courts. This part is of great importance not only in terms of its length of time (53 years), but also because it is the main stage that has shaped his character and formed the beginning of his journey in the social and political paths after his emigration from Iraq.
what it was examined of the heritage productions of Hilla scholars Second Section
Authors: Qassim Rahim Hassan
Published: April 2024

We have published in the previous issue the first part of our research where we began with the letter 'A' and ended with the letter 'T'. We adopted a scientific approach in our presentation of the books compiled by the scholars of the scientific Hawza of Hilla city. We explained the criteria that we adopted in selecting the books and their authors. We mentioned the books and the papers that were textually criticized and printed and we left many books that we could not have copies of, because our approach is to describe the scientifically textually criticized copies that we have between our hands and we left the lithographic copies.In this issue, we added the second part of the research which begins with the letter 'J' and ends with the letter 'K'. Allah willing, we will follow it with a third section as well as more others until we complete all the textually criticized heritage of Hilla
Answers to Al-Nasriyat Questions By the Islamic Greatest Jurist (Faqeeh) Fakhir Al-Mohaqiqeen Shaikh Abi Talib Mohammed bin Al-Hasan bin Al-Motahar Al-Hilli (Born 682 hijri – died 771 hijri)
Authors: Hameed Romoh Al-Hilli
Published: April 2024

Fakhir Al-Mohaqiqeen had a high scientific status in his era, for being the prominent one of his father’s students Al-Alama (scholar) Al-Hilli. His father (Allah bless his soul) continuously showed his liking to his son’s scientific achievements, and maturity,; and he always talked about and praised him. The best evidence of his scientific competence is that his father asked him to tackle the task of finishing his own books, this had put him in the spotlight of the inquirers of the common people besides the scholars. He wrote distinctive Fiqh (jurisprudential) and doctrinal summaries like (Paper on Guiding the Inquirers to the Essentials of Religion) and (Paper on Pilgrimage of Tamattu` and its Duties) and others to fulfill the common people's needs for religious information which is made suitable for their mindset. Many questions were directed to him seeking variable Fiqh verdicts / religious advisory opinions (Fatwa). He used to answer them based on what the correct Fiqh rules required which he obtained from its pure main source represented by the narrations of the Imam of Ahlol-Bait (Progeny of Prophet Mohammed peace be upon them). Based on that, most of his scientific heritage was in the form of answers to questions presented by his students.
Right now, between our hands is one of the most important questions and their answers (Fatwa) known as Al-Nasriyat. The answers were written by the Grand Ascetic Sayyed (Nasir Al-Deen Hamza bin Hamza bin Mohammed Al-Alway Al-Husaini). It was honored by the approval of Fakhir Al-Mohaqiqeen himself to be a verdict (Fatwa) for all Muslims.
Exploring the doctrinal method for investigators in how to rely on the biography of the messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
Authors: Mansor Dadaei Najad
Published: April 2024

The biography of the messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)in additionto make use of them in various fields such as ethics and history ، has alsobenefited from them in science of jurisprudence and reliable in the jurisprudentialdeductions.The balance of considering the reports including in the biography of juristsand rules of their way of relying on the biography reports is a subjectthat investigators have said little about To coincide with the study of thecases of the adoption Al- Hille investigator(dead in 676 AH) on the biographyof the messenger of Allah(peace be upon him) This article seeks toclarify his doctrinal approach in taking advantage of the laws of Islam andconsidered ، It will extract cases of dependence on the biography of theprophet and make it the subject of systematic analysis Al- Hilli investigatorin his study of discerning to the decision of the history of the messenger ofAllah(peace be upon him) evaluation investigator considered reliable andrely on only some of this because of what was considered by doubts in theissuance of novels and the balance of significance and was considering whatwas put forward that the biography of the prophet so that it is difficult forhim to accept much of what was known Its approach in a few accepted bybiography reports is worthy of analysis but evolution from this side.Keywords: Jurisprudence curriculum biography of the prophet ،
Sheikh Salim ibn Badran Alias Ma'eenul Deen al-Mazini al-Hilly al-Masri Died before 657AH One of the Most Prominent Students of Mohammed ibn Adris al-Hilly His Life and Heritage
Authors: Sheikh Salim ibn Badran
Published: April 2024

A scientific and intellectual renaissance happened in Hilla since it was officially stated a city by the Prince Saiful Dola Sadaqa ibn Mansour ibn Dabis ibn Ali ibn Mazeed al-Assadi (495AH.).The assemblies of Hilla city contained jurists, hadith researchers, exegetes, wise people, and poets. Therefore, many scientists, from far and near cities, headed toward Hilla.Many scholars became well-known in Hilla and among them is the biographee sheikh Ma'eenul Deen Abu al-Hassan Salim ibn Badran ibn Salim ibn Ali al-Mazini al-Masri. He was one of the students of sheikh ibn Adris al-Hilly (d. 598AH) and he is the reporter of Sayyid ibn Zahra al-Hilly (d. 585AH).
Sheik Hassan Musabih Al_Hilli (died 1317AH) An objecive and artistic study in his manuscript collection
Authors: Asst. Prof. Abbas Hani al-Charakh
Published: April 2024

Sheikh Hassan Musabeh (died 1317 AH) was a great Hilli poet, who has a large manuscript poetry collection, and no one had research his coetry deeply. We have tried in this research to study his poetry objectively and technically, by referring to his collection, which we stood on both versions of the manuscripts, as well as a number of published and manuscript sources. The research was based on an introduction, two studies, and a conclusion, the introduction Presented the research methodology and it’s aim, The introduction introducing the poet and poetic Collection , and we talked in the first study about the topics of his poetry on which it was based, it was traditional to follow the example of the ancients, as old poets with slight change from this tradition represented in Al Takhmis, /Al Muashah , and Al Ruwda, mostly in 'ahl albayt (ealayhm alsalam/Peace be upon them), and the last study was artistic study, and we discussed the poetry language and its eloquence of his poetry, then the internal and the external rhythm (the music) and the interior, and mistakes his poetry included mistakes of language and weights.
Message in the interpretation of the words of the Almighty (They ask you about the spirit , say the spirit of the Lord) is attributed to Sheikh Najib al-Din Yahya bin Ahmed bin Yahya Saeed Al-Hilli (died 690 AH)
Authors: By: Saeed Shayan
Published: April 2024

Message in the interpretation of the words of the Almighty (They ask you about the spirit , say the spirit of the Lord) is attributed to Sheikh Najib al-Din Yahya bin Ahmed bin Yahya Saeed Al-Hilli (died 690 AH)
Sheikh Abbas al-Ithari His Life and efforts to copy Books
Authors: Asst. Prof. Abbas Hani al-Charakh
Published: April 2024

This research is about the poet Abbas ibn Ali al-Ithari al-Hilly (d. 1318 AH). It includes two topics: the first topic is his life، where he was born in Hilla and grew up and his travel to Baghdad، and then his return to his city and his death. The last topic dealt with an important unknown issue which is his job in copying books. The researcher، for the first time، counted in detail 29 books that al-Ithari have copied in various topics like Ja'afaris jurisprudence، al-hanbali، mantik، literature and history mentioned where these books are in libraries، after checking the catalogs and authenticating sources.And praise be to Allah، Lord of the Worlds
The intellectual renewal of Al_ Hilla scholars
Authors: Dr. Ibrahim Mezher Al-Mousawi
Published: April 2024

The research dealt with three Al_ Hilla scholars who had a profound impact on renewal and lack of stagnation in religious, mental and social issues. Sheikh Ibn Idris opened the door of diligence and broke the stalemate on issues of Sheikh Tusi, and made the way with difficulty from what was put before him by the opponents, and he dissented from the ordinary by presenting ideas and theories; Then came Al_Muhaqqiq Al_Hilli , who contributed to revising the curricula of jurisprudence, rearranging its chapters, and he relied on the process of deriving judgments from its detailed sources. Al_Muhaqqiq Al_Hilli was also distinguished as the first to be brilliant in the method of investigating jurisprudence , Al_Allamah Al_Hilli emerged at the beginning of his youth among the leading scholars and jurists, as the leadership of the Shiite Imamate came to an end in his era, and his classifications helped to decline danger of sectarian intolerance and contributed to the reporting of the doctrine of Ul_ Al-Bayt (PBUH).
Book (Muktalif al- shiites)by Al- Allamah Al-Hilli A study in the curriculum
Authors: Sheikh Maher Al-Hajjaj
Published: April 2024

The book “Muktalif Shi'a” is one of the compilations decorated by the pen of Al-Alamah Al-Hilli (d.726 AH), in which the comparative jurisprudence was presented on its own level among the Imami jurists themselves, showing this by extrapolating The controversial issues over the course of four centuries, and it was a link between the later generations and the later generations, the forerunners of these prominent jurists.The scholar has been exposed to the opinions of several layers of the leaders of the Imamate, starting with the father of al-Saduq and ending with Al Muhaqqiq Al-Hilli , that is, beginning with the jurists of minor backbiting, and ending with his teachers and sheikhs, and this is not an easy matter, but rather a mighty work, and an effort that comes only from the One.In this research, I tried to shed light on the origins of this difference, whose roots extended to the beginning of the fifth century or shortly before, so it was organized into two chapters that included a group of different studies, preceded by an introduction, followed by a summary of its fruits and results.
Re-Reading the Abrogation of the Qur'an In the Light of the Value System of the Qur’anic Discourse Analytical Study According to Ibn al-Mutawaj al-Bahrani (T/ 820 AH)
Authors: أ‌.د. حكمت عبيد الخفاجيّ  , م. عبير جبَّار كَاظِم المُـلَّا
Published: April 2024

Research hypothesis: The research starts from a major assumption that the Qur’anic discourse is a (Value) discourse, which can be employed (the Value system); to re-read (the abrogation) – alleged- in the Qur'an.The implication of this matter is that the Qur’anic discourse is copious of values, and in other words, the sum of its letters represents a set of values, which put them forward in a special way; and the punishment was inflicted against those who violate them, in order to achieve human, intellectual, societal and mental security. If we contemplate the humanitarian values in the verses allegedly abrogated, we would find in that the Qur’an set a letter to handle the punishment against those who violated those values, but it excluded those of them who repented. The ruling remained in effect against those who did not repent, and it was removed from those of them who repented. This is a specification, or a reduction of the circle of the ruling, not abrogation as it is claimed, or it was a term for the forerunners, and perhaps those who came after them followed their path; but it is not from the act of abrogation.
The Pride of Investigators in the Most Important Biographies
Authors: مساعد د. محمد مناضل عباس
Published: April 2024

This research focuses on the study of the character of Al-Sheikh Pride of Investigators, a religious figure who was somewhat vague in mentioning his biography in the books of biographies, and did not give rise to what the first characters bore, even though he gained the lead of Al-Hilli estate at that time, we found no scientific traces, and a clear biography, as his father has.Therefore, this research aimed to highlight this long-standing ambiguity of his social life, and to mention something of it, and what was said about it in the books of biographies, and made it into two parts: the first was about the pride of investigators' life, his scientific trips, and his death. The other set out the most important descriptions of this religious figure provided by the owners of the biographies.
Ali bin Yahya Al-Khayat Al-Hilli (died after 609 AH) His life and Effects
Authors: سعيد شايان
Published: April 2024

Sheikh Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Yahya al-Khayyat al-Hilli (died after 609 AH), one of the eminent Shiite scholars and the eminent certified sheikhs. Despite its occurrence in a series of grounds that ended with the narrations of a group of hadith scholars and jurists, nothing was translated for him in the books of translations and Rejalat in a manner befitting his position, and many evidences indicate the reliance of the Sada and sheikhs on him, such as Sayyid Ibn Tawus & Sheikh Ibn Nama Al-Hilli . Reading flattery words and praising on indicates how they trust him.In this research, we have attempted to comprehend all things related to this Sheikh, and to clarify his role in preserving the great Islamic heritage.
Definition of a Legible Copy Ali al-Sayyid Hussein al-Abzar al-Husseini al-Hilli (1050 AH)
Authors: وحيد الشَّوَندي
Published: April 2024

In this research, we present an introduction and description of a legible copy of “al-Tahdheeb” by Sheikh al-Tusi (D. 460 AH), whose reading began by Sheikh Mahmoud bin Shaheen Ali Sayyid Hussein al-Abzar al-Husseini al-Hilli, the author of “Zibdat Al'aqwal fi Khulasat Alrijal” - one of the students of Sheikh Bahai - in the morning of Monday, 12 Rabi’ al-Akhir in 1048 AH, and Sayyid al-Hilli wrote several communiqués against it and authorizing al-Sheikh Mahmoud al-Madhur on Thursday morning, 23 Safar, 1050 AH. It also referred to the confined Fourth Sultan Murad al-Ottomani (D. 1049 AH). There is usefulness at the beginning of the consensus, written in 1218 A.H., quoting Aluswl al-Alasly book of Fayd al-Kashani (D.1091 A.H.
Uncovering the Confusion about the Impurity of Abominations Najib al-Din Yahya bin Ahmed bin Yahya bin al-Hassan bin Saeed al-Hudhali (d. 689 or 690 AH)
Authors: مهدي جواد دلیري
Published: April 2024

The frequent coexistence of people and their interaction with others in social matters requires the statement of the provisions of such coexistence and interaction. In this important letter, Sheikh Yahya bin Saeed al-Hilli (T690H) inferred the impurity of the people of the book(Ahl al-Kitab), So he quoted as evidence that they are polytheists and that every polytheist is najis. He also inferred by the consensus of the Imamiyyah. Furthermore, he also pointed this brief letter to various linguistic, oral, exegetical and theological researches.
Exception Rule from Negating Affirmation and Affirming Negation A Comparative Study
Authors: م.م. دعاء سامي رشيد المياحي
Published: April 2024

This research aims to know the exception between negation and affirmation according to al-Alama al-Hilli and the fundamentalists from the Imamiyyah and al-Jumhor، and the reason for the disagreement on this issue and the presentation of the opinions of the fundamentalists concerning it. This research is also exposed to the significance of the legislative exception when the exception falls in the context of negation or affirmation، from a fundamentalist point of view، accompanied by the grammarians looked in general، and as the dispute with the fundamentalists is also with the grammarian. The approach that has been used is the descriptive one in this research، as the opinions of the fundamentalists were presented in this issue with the weighting of some of them through the evidence. The research has reached valuable results، including the al-Alama al-Hilli and the Imami fundamentalists and those who agreed with them see the exception from the negation as affirmation and the affirmation as the negation، and that the exception signifies the opposing ruling، and the research recommends dealing with this topic by comparing the opinions of the fundamentalists and grammarians.
Grammatical Efforts of Sayid Muhammad Reda Al-Araji Al-Hilli in his Book (Tahdhib Al-Farayid fi Sharh Al-Fawayid)
Authors: أ.م.د. قاسم رحيم حسن السلطاني
Published: April 2024

When studying a book of one of the great grammarians ، most university academic students intend to learn about his grammatical doctrine and curriculum، especially if he has special scientific opinions.And Al-Sayid Muhammad Reda Al-Araji is an immersed scholar، who was not mentioned in scientific encyclopedias of the grammar lesson، although he had special critical opinions that were not highlighted. Therefore، it was necessary to know his grammatical doctrine and to clarify his position on the evidence of the grammatical industry by looking at his grammatical effects and balancing them with what the grammatical schools and the prevailing doctrines went to.
The Status of Sahib Al-Zaman's Shrine in Hilla For Shiite Scholars
Authors: د. إبراهيم نوئي
Published: April 2024

Hilla is one of the important cities in Iraq، which was founded at the end of the fifth century AH. In this city there is a shrine attributed to the Imam Sahib al-Easr and al-Zaman، which received the interest of Shiites in general and great scholars.This research attempts، in the writings of the great Imami scholars، to prove that they did not exaggerate about this Shrine، and they dealt with it from a position of superiority and respect، they did not allow a deviation towards the shrine، and they also intended to show a brilliant image in the minds of Shiite، so that it is in line with other Shiite teachings and is a center for promoting this shrine as a place for communicating Shiite knowledge.
عالمُ الذَّرِّ في فِكرِ العَلَّامة الحلِّيّ دراسةٌ تفسيريةٌ كلاميةٌ تحليليةٌ
Authors: أ.م د. سيد حسين كريم ‌پور  , د. محسن نورائي  , ترجمة: محمد جواد خزعل
Published: April 2024

يُعَدُّ عالم الذر من أوسع القضايا التي بحثها الخبراء في العلوم الإسلامية المختلفة. والعَلَّامة الحلِّيّ  من العلماء الذين طرحوا رأيهم فيه، وکان رأیه التفسیري يتباين مع فكره الكلامي؛ فهو في مقام تفسير الآية: ﴿ألست بربكم﴾ اعتقَدَ ببطلان نظرية عالم الذَّرّ، على الرغم من أنّه في البحث الكلامي استند إلى روايات الذر في إثبات عقيدة الشيعة في الإمامة.ويهدف هذ البحث إلى بيان نظرية العَلَّامة الحلِّيّ في عالم الذر، وتسجيل نقاط القوة والضعف فيها، وبيان علل الاختلاف فيها، والاهتمام برؤيته ونهجه.وكشف هذا البحث عن وجود نزعة عقلية لدى العلامة في تفسيره للآية، ورأى أنّ المخاطب خصوص المكلفين والعقلاء، وسعى العلَّامةُ - في مقام المواجهة الكلامية مع أهل السنة - إلى قبول روايات الذَّرّ التي تُشير إلى فضائل أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب× انطلاقًا من قاعدة الإِلزام، والاستعانة بها لإثبات أصلِ الإِمامة.
المحاكمةُ الرجاليةُ بين العلمين: ابن داود الحلي والعلامة الحلي
Authors: محمد باقر ملكيان
Published: April 2024

نقل ابن داود في (رجاله) بعضَ کلمات العلامة الحليّ في کتاب (خلاصة الأقوال)، واعترضَ عليهِ في بعض منقولاته. وحيث إنّهما من أعلام الطائفة وإنّ کتابيهما من مصادرنا الرجالية، فكان لابدَّ من معرفة بهذه الاعتراضات، وعليه كان هذا البحث.
An Investigation into the Beliefs of Primary School Teachers in Bhutan on Written Corrective Feedback
Authors: Lhamo Sonam , Patchara Boonteerarak
Published: April 2024

For ESL students in English language classrooms, writing poses a challenge, where studentscommit numerous errors, however effective corrective feedback from teachers can aidimprovement. Consequently, teachers must recognize their viewpoints on the best methods forproviding written feedback. In light of this, this study intended to ascertain the opinions ofBhutanese primary school teachers, specifically those who teach students in grades PP to VI,regarding written corrective feedback (WCF). The interaction hypothesis, which serves as thetheoretical basis for this study, contends that classroom interaction, essential to languageacquisition includes teachers’ corrective feedback. A questionnaire was distributed to tenEnglish teachers to get more insight into their perspectives on WCF. The Likert Scale wasemployed to measure teacher’s responses to the closed-ended questionnaire. The resultsdemonstrated that nearly everyone had favorable opinions about written corrective feedback onstudents' work. The results implied that to give teachers and students more knowledge andawareness of WCF, they should both have the chance to participate in training related tofeedback. Hence, language teachers would be able to provide students with a suitable WCF tohelp students enhance their writing skills.
SKALA WAKTU DAN SUMBER DAYA
Authors: Sari Cindy Fatika
Published: April 2024

This article describes the time and resource scales in the implementation of public relations activities. This research uses a qualitative approach method. The purpose of making this article is to find out about the time scale, the form of resources needed by PR and long-term plans in the implementation of activities. The results of this study show that there are two main things that need to be considered, namely effectiveness and efficiency and the need for appropriate techniques.
Pengolahan Limbah Ampas Kopi Sebagai Media Tanam Dalam Penggunaan Pupuk Organik Di Desa Pabedilan Wetan Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Noorhayati Sutisno Aliet , Azizah Dewiantika , Novianawanti Noor , Nurdiyanti Dewi
Published: April 2024

Peningkatan pemanfaatan biji kopi sejauh ini tidak berbanding lurus dengan dampaknya terhadap lingkungan. Manfaat biji kopi bagi kesehatan seyogyanya harus sejalan dengan bagaimana limbah kopi juga bernilai dalam penguatan ekonomi masyarakat. Diperlukan langkah edukasi bagi café-café kopi selaku produsen limbah. Sebagai insan perguruan tinggi sudah seharusnya memediasi kesenjangan ini. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan pada café QQ selaku prosen limbah kopi untuk dimanfaatkan oleh kelompok tani (POKTAN) Mrengkel I Kecamatan Pabedilan Kabupaten Cirebon. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan mengedukasi masyarakat bagaimana limbah kopi yang dihasilkan secara rutin oleh pihak café QQ sebanyak 4-5 kg dalam sepekan mampu terserap pemanfaatannya oleh poktan Mrengkel I Kecamatan Pabedilan Kabupaten Cirebon sebagai pihak yang membutuhkan limbah kopi sebagai alternatif pupuk organik. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan selama 4 bulan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan limbah dengan dimulai teknik pemilahan di pihak produsen limbah kopi selama 4 bulan berlanjut pada langkah fermentasian limbah yang berhasil terkumpul dalam sebuah bejana khusus kemudian diakhiri limbah diserahkan kepada masyarakat tani berikut buku penggunaan ampas kopi untuk digunakan sebagai alternatif pupuk organik sedikitnya berhasil mengedukasi sekaligus memediasi satu pihak kepada piuhak lainnya. Dengan begitu kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang kami laksanakan sejatinya adalah bentuk pendesiminasian hasil penelitian kami dalam mengedukasi masyarakat sekaligus mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknology.
Some convergence results for split common and fixed point problems in Hilbert space
Authors: Mohammed L. B. , Kilicman Adem , Auwalu Abba
Published: April 2024

In this survey article, we present an introduction of split feasibility problems, multisets split feasibility problems and split common fixed point problems. Parallel and cyclic algorithms for solving the split common fixed point problems for finite family of strictly pseudocontractive mappings in Hilbert spaces are presented, weak and strong convergence theorems are being proved. Application of the split common fixed point problems and some numerical examples are also presented.
Sufficient conditions from countably Lipschitz to be strongly generalized absolutely continuous
Authors: Indrati Christiana Rini
Published: April 2024

The CL-integral is an integral that is defined by using countably Lipschitz condition. The CL-integral is more general than the Lebesgue integral, but it is more specific than Denjoy integral in the wide sense. The Denjoy integral in the wide sense is more general than the Henstock-Kurzweil integral. In this paper, it will be given some conditions such that a CL-integrable function is Henctock-Kurzweil-integrable on [a, b].
PERBAIKAN METODE DEGENERASI MORFOLOGI GRAFIT BULAT FCD 400 MENGGUNAKAN LADEL SANDWICH
Authors: Syamsudin Arif , Mukti Haikal Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Morfologi grafit dan bentuk matrik mikrostruktur material mempunyai pengaruh besar terhadap sifat mekanik dan sifat fisik. Degenerasi morfologi grafit kadang masih tidak seperti yang diharapkan, begitu juga susunan matrik mikrostrukturnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memperbaiki degenerasi grafit dalam pembuatan FCD dari menggunakan metode ladel biasa ke metode ladel sandwich. Peleburan pembuatan cairan FCD dilakukan dengan tanur induksi furnace kapasitas 250kg. sebelum penuangan dilakukan proses mg treatment menggunakan 2 ladel yaitu ladel penuangan type biasa dan ladel penuangan type sandwich, Penuangan dilakukan pada temperature antara 1450 – 1470 0C dan pada sekitar detik ke 16 s/d ke 20 setelah perlakuan mg treatment. Benda cor dalam bentuk Y blok dicetak dengan pasir CO2 proses. Degenerasi grafit dari bentuk serpihan menjadi bulat dengan metode ladel sandwich lebih baik dari metode ladel biasa. Hasil uji kuat Tarik meningkat dari 310.2 N/mm2 menjadi 429.59 N/mm2 dan elongasi bertambah dari 8.51% menjadi 18.82 % kekerasan meningkat dari 139.6 HB menjadi 176HB.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PROSES INOKULASI TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKRO DAN KEKERASAN PRODUK COR DENGAN MATERIAL FC 250
Authors: Sabtun Ismi Khasanah  , Zikri Niamillah Muhammad , Aditya Mardani Danis , Suparni Suparni
Published: April 2024

The inoculation process in metal casting is needed to make grey cast iron or nodular cast iron. Inoculation aims to increase the number of freezing nuclei and promotes the formation of a homogeneous microstructure. This research aims to determine the effect of the inoculation addition process on the microstructure and hardness of PP products with FC-250 material. The changes made include changes to the inoculation process and changes to the chemical composition of the induction furnace. Changes in the inoculation process include changing the inoculation process which was initially only carried out on ladles with an inoculation material weight of 0.5 kg to 2 processes, namely on ladles with an additional weight of 0.8 kg of inoculation material and an inoculation process on crucible (kowi) with an additional material weight of 0.4 kg. The results of the metallography test after the additional inoculation process showed that the pearlite and ferrite graphite spread evenly and fell into Type-A graphite. The hardness test results show that the effect of adding inoculation changes the level of hardness so that it complies with ASTM 40 specifications/standards, namely 180 – 302 HB. The hardness value after the addition of the inoculation process was 190 HB.
Grace Overflowing – Reflections on Paul’s Theology of Reconciliation
Authors: Marshall Christopher
Published: April 2024

In my book Beyond Retribution: A New Testament Vision for Justice, Crime, and Punishment (Eerdmans, 2001), I draw attention to the prominent role that forgiveness plays in the teaching of Jesus, and connect it to the practice of restorative justice as a contemporary institutional application. In this essay, I focus on Paul’s great theology of reconciliation. Like forgiveness, it too has a clear socio-political dimension, and one that has similarly been eclipsed by the doctrinal tradition’s tendency to individualize and spiritualize its meaning. I look at Paul as exemplary peacemaker, and make four observations. Firstly, for Paul, reconciliation is discovered, not manufactured, secondly, it is a divine initiative, thirdly it is a response to faith and finally it is a commitment to peacemaking.
The Necessity and Possibility of Lament
Authors: Marijke Hoek Marijke
Published: April 2024

Lamenting is critical in times of crisis. Lament psalms give voice to our suffering and disorientation and are vital dialogues to restore our sense of agency and hope. Far from being merely a private expression, or a part of a communal liturgy, lament is a powerful public critique that shapes our discipleship and citizenship, thus forming a core dynamic of renewal. Creational desolation, injustice and economic deprivation are rooted in a poverty of relationship and poor stewardship. In our supplication to God, we express our yearnings for His intervention in interrupting the present and reconfiguring the future. It demands a deeper listening, a genuine mourning and a desire to be reshaped and redirected in our un-knowing. Thus, lamenting constitutes the beginning of new realities as it calls for a redesigning through divine intervention. It is at the core of our vocation and collective citizenship as we aim for an emerging future with a greater measure of human and creational flourishing. Biblical and contemporary examples exemplify the powerful nature of a politics of lament.
The centrality of the poor to the work of the kingdom of God in the 21st century West
Authors: Mitchell Roger Haydon
Published: April 2024

This paper centres around three foci: incarnational hermeneutics, the social impact of spiritual renewal and the cultivation of emerging new political space. Firstly, the implications of an incarnational or ‘Jesus’ hermeneutic for reinstating the poor as the primary focus for theology is considered. This emphasises the centrality of the poor as a defining characteristic of the Jesus narrative and includes accounting for the displacement of Jesus’ focus on the poor throughout the history of the church. Secondly, a personal and historical genealogy of the last three generations of spiritual renewal is evaluated as testimony to the reinstatement of the poor as primary agents of the gospel. Thirdly, an attempt is made, drawing on the work of contemporary political theologians, to explain and delineate the new post-secular political space in the western world with reference to the inroads of Islamic extremism, Trump’s populism and the UK’s Brexit. Conceiving this space as a fulfilment of the consequences of empire, the poor are presented as a current political category. Finally, the role of the ecclesia as servants with the poor in cultivating the emerging space is configured as an expression of the politics of love. The paper draws on the findings of my own research into the subsumption of transcendence by sovereignty in Church, Gospel and Empire: How the Politics of Sovereignty Impregnated the West (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock, 2011) and the experience of The Poverty Truth Commission, http://www.faithincommunityscotland.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Poverty-Truth-Commission-8_opt.pdf and particularly the Morecambe Bay Poverty Truth Commission.
Eksistensi Variasi Akad Kerjasama Penggarapan Sawah di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah
Authors: Khairanor  , Anwar Hafidzi  , M. Hanafiah
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Collaboration in cultivating rice fields in Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency carried out by the community (rice field owners and farmers) has three types of contracts that can be options for application, although they are different but have the same goal, the contracts are divided into three, namely bakarun, basewa and basanda. The visible difference is in the way the results are distributed, the bakarun is divided by percentage, namely the results are divided by 3 first, then the rice field owner gets 1/3 and the farmer gets 2/3. As for the basewa, the distribution of results for the rice field owner has been determined at the beginning of the agreement as a fee for renting the rice field, while the basanda contract has the same distribution as the basewa system, but in the basanda contract there is a previous debts and receivables agreement. The author is interested in discussing this because the people of Upper Banjar have very natural/natural habits in carrying out cultural customs which are wrapped in a socio-economic dimension, the social is cooperation while the economic is agriculture. This encourages the author to elevate this habit into the realm of Sharia Economic Law. This research is to find out a description of the cooperation agreement for cultivating rice fields using the bakun, sewa and sanda system, which is then reviewed in basic terms from the perspective of Sharia Economic Law.
 
Keywords: Hulu Sungai Tengah, Cooperation Agreement, Existence
 
ABSTRAK
Kerjasama penggarapan sawah di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah yang dilakukan masyarakat (para pemilik sawah dan petani) ada tiga macam akad yang dapat menjadi opsi untuk di aplikasikan, meskipun berbeda namun satu tujuan yang sama, akad itu terbagi tiga, yakni bakarun, basewa dan basanda. Perbedaan yang nampak adalah pada cara pembagian hasilnya, bakarun dibagi dengan cara persentase yakni hasilnya dibagi 3 terlebih dahulu kemudian pemilik sawah dapat 1/3 dan petani mendapat 2/3. Adapun basewa pembagian hasil untuk pemilik sawah sudah ditentukan diawal kesepakan sebagai biaya sewa sawah, sedangkan akad basanda pembagiannya sama dengan sistem basewa namun terhadap akad basanda terdapat akad utang-piutang sebelumnya. Penulis tertarik membahas hal ini karena pada masyarakat Banjar bagian Hulu tersebut memiliki kebiasaan yang sangat natural/alami dalam melangsungkan adat budaya yang dibungkus dengan dimensi sosial ekonomi, sosialnya adalah kerjasama sedangkan ekonominya adalah pertanian. Hal ini mendorong penulis untuk mengangkat kebiasaan tersebut ke dalam ranah Hukum Ekonomi Syariah. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui deskripsi tentang akad kerjasama penggarapan sawah dengan sistem bakarun, sewa dan sanda, yang kemudian ditinjau secara dasar dengan perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah.
 
Kata Kunci: Hulu Sungai Tengah, Akad Kerjasama, Eksistensi
Melihat Praktik Kerja Sama Usaha Cappucino Cincau A**** dan Analisis Penerapan Akad Syirkahnya
Authors: Magfur Achmad , Hafidzi Anwar , M. Hanafiah
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Fresh, cold, sweet and portable drinks have become a trend among young people. Among them is Cappuccino Cincau, which was popular in the 2010s. But many disappeared and did not grow, as if following the seasons that passed before a year came together. But there is one that has survived until now, which is the object of the author's research, namely A**** Cappuccino Cincau. In total, there are already 21 outlets spread throughout South Kalimantan. Then how can this business grow sustainably? It turns out that one of them is the shirkah undertaken by the 3 owners, who even continue to maintain the clarity of the contract with the employees, and invite them to innovate, until they are financed through a new shirkah.
 
Keywords: Shirkah, Islamic Economy, Banjarese Society.
 
Abstrak: Minuman segar, dingin, manis, dan mudah dibawa, telah menjadi tren di kalangan kawula muda. Di antaranya adalah Cappucino Cincau yang sempat marak di tahun 2010an. Namun banyak yang hilang tidak tumbuh berkembang, seperti mengikuti musim yang berlalu sebelum satu tahun menyatu. Tetapi ada salah satu yang bertahan hingga kini, yang menjadi objek penelitian penulis, yakni Cappucino Cincau A****. Total sudah ada 21 outlet tersebar se-Kalsel. Lalu bagaimana usaha ini bisa tumbuh lestari? Ternyata di antaranya adalah jalinan syirkah yang dijalani 3 pemiliknya, yang bahkan terus memelihara kejelasan akad dengan para karyawan, dan mengajak mereka berinovasi, hingga dimodali lewat jalinan syirkah yang baru.
The Influence of Digital Payment in Shaping The Consumption Behavior of Generation Z in Banjarmasin
Authors: Putri Indira Ulfa Cahyani
Published: April 2024

This research aims to explore and describe the phenomenon of using digital payments and how this shapes consumption behavior among Generation Z in Banjarmasin City. Qualitative descriptive methods were used to describe this phenomenon, through interviews with 10 informants, each represented by 2 Generation Z in each sub-district in Banjarmasin City. The results of this research show that the use of digital payments not only has a practical impact in terms of ease of transactions, but also influences the mindset and consumption behavior of Generation Z by paying attention to factors such as security, comfort, time efficiency, as well as the ability to control impulse purchases, purchases irrationally, and wastefully. Overall, the use of digital payments is not only a means of transactions, but also forms a more modern and up-to-date consumption behavior pattern for Generation Z in Banjarmasin City.
Modus Operandi Izin Poligami Dalam Putusan Nomor: 0182/Pdt.G/2015/Pa.Mtw Di Pengadilan Agama Muara Teweh
Authors: Qamaruddin  , Nur Wakhidah  , Rasyid Rizani  , Muhammad Yusman
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article aims to explore the causes of the modus operandi of polygamy permits in the Muara Teweh Religious Court in Decision Number 0182/Pdt.G/2015/PA.Mtw. This research is a sociological legal research with legislative, case, and fiqh approaches. The results prove that the modus operandi in Decision Number 0182/Pdt.G/2015/PA.Mtw was revealed after the decision obtained permanent legal force. Field findings show that the first wife experienced coercion, pressure and threats from the applicant to grant permission for polygamy. However, these facts were not revealed during the trial. The first wife's responses at the hearing appeared to agree to her husband remarrying, supported by witnesses who corroborated the petitioner's arguments. This decision then resulted in a divorce with the first wife several months after the verdict. When viewed from the normative side of the law, in addition to law containing legal certainty and expediency, justice should also be an integral part. In addition, based on contemporary maqashid, the law must protect the institution of family. The involvement of the first wife ensures that the legal process reflects justice and protects individual rights in the context of marriage.
Keywords: Religious court decisions, Polygamy permission, Modus operandi
 
Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi penyebab terjadinya modus operandi izin poligami di Pengadilan Agama Muara Teweh dalam Putusan Nomor 0182/Pdt.G/2015/PA.Mtw. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum sosiologis dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan fikih. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa modus operandi dalam Putusan Nomor 0182/Pdt.G/2015/PA.Mtw terungkap setelah putusan tersebut memperoleh kekuatan hukum tetap. Temuan lapangan menunjukan bahwa istri pertama mengalami paksaan, tekanan dan ancaman dari pemohon agar mau memberikan izin poligami. Namun, fakta tersebut tidak terungkap selama persidangan. Jawaban istri pertama pada sidang  tampak menyetujui suaminya untuk menikah lagi, didukung oleh saksi-saksi yang menguatkan dalil permohonan pemohon. Putusan ini kemudian berakibat pada perceraian dengan istri pertama setelah beberapa bulan putusan tersebut. Apabila dilihat dari sisi normatif hukum, selain hukum mengandung kepastian hukum dan kemanfaatan, maka keadilan seharusnya juga menjadi bagian integral. Selain itu berdasarkan maqashid kontemporer, hukum harus melindungi institusi keluarga. Keterlibatan istri pertama  memastikan bahwa proses hukum mencerminkan keadilan serta melindungi hak-hak individu dalam konteks pernikahan.
Kata Kunci: Putusan pengadilan agama, Izin poligami, Modus operandi
On Interaction Between the Geisha from “He Gu” and Lyricists of Scholar-official in the Southern Song Dynasty
Authors: DONG Xiping , SONG Meng
Published: April 2024

With the decline of the Music Bureau, the performance spaces of “He Gu” geisha were no longer confined to traditional public places of entertainment (Goulan Wasi), such as the city streets and alleys, Instead, they increasingly appeared at banquets and social occasions attended by scholars and officials. There was an increase in interaction between scholars and officials and “He Gu” geisha, with scholars and officials providing various lyrics for the “He Gu” geisha to sing based on their needs, and the latter also seeking lyrics from the former for various reasons, which generally prospered the overall performance of lyrics. “He Gu” geisha’s performance field was expanded from the marketplace to the scholar-official world, and inadvertently gained a relatively higher level of taste into their performance. The works produced by the interaction between scholar-officials and “He Gu”geisha also constituted a source of the latter’s performance content. The two-way interaction played a unique role in the creation and style of lyrics, and was a significant force in the development of the history of southern Song dynasty lyric poetry.
Climate Change and Urban Climate in the Western Balkans
Authors: Savić Stevan , Trbić Goran , Milošević Dragan , Popov Tatjana
Published: April 2024

Global climate change is a process that inevitably affects the European continent, and thus the countries of the Western Balkans, i.e. Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is located in Southeast Europe. Increasingly intense and long-lasting heat waves (especially during the summer period), the occurrence of intense cold waves in winter, intense short-term precipitation periods, as well as long-term dry periods are the consequences of climate change characteristic of the Western Balkans, and thus Bosnia and Herzegovina. Such temperature and precipitation extremes have become more frequent in the last twenty‒thirty years, as evidenced by the annual air temperatures in all Western Balkan countries, i.e. it is clear that most of the last few years are the warmest years since the beginning of the 20th century. Due to such extreme weather events, it is clear that urban areas in the Western Balkans are under stronger, primarily thermal pressure, due to the already modified micro and local climate due to the characteristics of surface geometry. As a result, even higher temperatures and a significantly higher number of tropical nights occur during the heat waves, and have a direct threat to the health of the population and the economy in urban areas. This study analyzed 49 publications that directly or indirectly analyze, primarily thermal values and indices, in urban areas in the Western Balkans, in Banja Luka, Novi Sad, Belgrade, Tirana and Skopje. The results clearly show higher thermal pressure in urban areas, when it comes to temperatures and indices of thermal comfort, and maximum differences in relation to the natural environment occur in the most urbanized and industrial parts of the city. Also, analyzes of thermal risk on the quality and mortality of the population in urban areas show that increased mortality is in the category of residents over 65 years of age.