bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instrument-Dependent or Instrument-Independent Indications and Prevalence of Chromosomal Abnormalities by Amniocentesis in China: An Analysis of 4146 Cases of Amniocentesis
Authors: Zhang Hongbin
Published: July 2018

Â Objective: There is a high incidence of birth defects in China, and prenatal diagnosis is an important method of intervention. This study aimsÂ to describe the clinical indications and cytogenetic results of amniocentesis cases in central China.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed cases at the Maternal and Child Care Service Centre in Henan Province from January 2012 to December 2014. A total of 4497 at-risk mothers (risk factors: advanced maternal age, history of intrauterine fetal death or aborted fetuses, chromosomal abnormality in one of the parents, high-risk maternal serum screening results, and abnormal ultrasonographic findings in the first or second trimester) were recruited for amniocentesisÂ (AS). The subjects included were between 11â€“14 and 18â€“22 weeks of gestation. All cases were divided into two groups based on instrument-independent or instrument-dependent indications.Â Results: A total of 4146 cases were analyzed. Of these, chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 232 cases (5.6%), and autosomal aneuploidy, including trisomy 21 and trisomy 18, was found to be the most common (55.7%) chromosomal abnormality. The mean age of 29.94 years was not expected as all mothers older than 35 years old were routinely offered amniocentesis at the time of the study. Amniocentesis was carried out in 1711 cases because of instrument-independent indications, and 285 of these cases were diagnosed with chromosomal abnormality.Â In 2376 cases, amniocentesis was conducted because of instrument-dependent indications, and 176 of these were diagnosed with chromosomal abnormality. Thus, 5.6% of the cases were diagnosed with chromosomal abnormalities, and autosomal aneuploidy, including trisomy 21 and trisomy 18, were the most common chromosomal abnormalities detected in the present study. Conclusion: Our result indicated the significance of instrument-independent indications in the screening of chromosomal abnormalities, especially in developing areas. Birth defects may be reduced by paying more attention to the patientsâ€™ history of medication.
Response of Skirted Foundations Resting on Dry Medium Dense Sand
Authors: Haider Lujain , Mekkiyah Haider M.
Published: July 2018

Experimental model tests were carried out to study the response of skirted foundation resting on dry sand.  The experiments were performed in a large soil container (1000  1000 mm in cross section and 800 mm in height).  Skirts with three different lengths (L) varied from 0.5D to 1.5D was attached to the edge of shallow circular foundations having three different diameters (D=60, 90 and 120 mm). Different parameters have been studied; these parameters involve skirt length, foundation size and skirt conditions. Skirts with open end and closed end were used. The relative density was kept constant and equals to 60%. The case of foundation without skirt (L=0) was initially tested and set as a reference for comparison purpose. From the results of experimental tests, it was found that the skirt modifies the load-settlement behaviour, increasing the load carrying capacity and reducing the foundation settlement. The results also indicate that load carrying capacity of skirted foundation increases with increase skirt length as well as foundation size. The results show that using skirt with closed end brought a considerable increase in load carrying capacity than that of open end.
A Game Theory Approach for Conjunctive Use Optimization Model Based on Virtual Water Concept
Authors: Sedghamiz Abbas , Heidarpour Manouchehr , Nikoo Mohammad Reza , Eslamian Saeed
Published: July 2018

In this study to allocate the agricultural and environmental water, considering virtual water concept, a multi-objective optimization model based on NSGA-II is developed. The objectives consist of equity maximization, agricultural benefit maximization for each region, maximization of green water utilization and finally minimization of environmental shortage. Then a cooperative game (Grand Coalition) model is presented by forming all possible coalitions. By the game model including Nucleolus, Proportional Nucleolus, Normal Nucleolus and Shapley methods, the benefit is reallocated based on all Pareto optimal solutions obtained from multi-objective optimization model. Then using two famous fallback bargaining methods, Unanimity and q-Approval, preferable alternative (solution) for each of the cooperative games is determined. Finally, based on the obtained benefit for each selected alternatives, the two most beneficial alternatives are chosen. The proposed methodology applied for water allocation of Minoo-Dasht, Azad-Shahr and Gonbad-Kavoos cities in Golestan province, Iran for a 3-year period as a case study. Also, eight crops including Wheat, Alfalfa, Barley, Bean, Rice, Corn, Soya, and Cotton are selected based on local experts’ recommendations. The models’ results indicated no significant difference between the grand coalition model and the multi-objective optimization model in terms of the average cultivation area (a relative change of 2.1%), while lower agricultural water allocation occurred for the grand coalition model (about 10.35 percent average) compared with the multi-objective optimization model. It is also observed that more agricultural benefit gained by the grand coalition model (32 percent average). Finally, it is found that Wheat and Corn hold the most rates of import and export, respectively, and Rice was the crop which has the least shortage of production to supply food demand.
Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Sites)
Authors: Carvalho-Resende Tales
Published: July 2018

Ramsar Sites are wetlands considered to be of international importance. The international convention which forms the basis for their identification is commonly referred to as the "Ramsar Convention" after the city in Iran where the convention was signed in 1971. The Convention is an intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources.

There are currently over 2,200 Ramsar Sites around the world. They cover over 2.1 million square kilometres, an area larger than Mexico.

For more information, visit: www.ramsar.org

Biodiversity
Surface water
Environmental Water Stress in Transboundary River Basins
Authors: Carvalho-Resende Tales
Published: July 2018

The Environmental Water Stress in Transboundary River Basins indicator focuses on the water quantity aspect and considers hydrological alterations from monthly dynamics of the natural flow regime due to anthropogenic water uses and dam operations.

For more information, visit: http://twap-rivers.org/

Basin
Stress
Surface water
Transboundary
Total available amount per day of potable water and reclaimed water (2016)
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: July 2018

Amount is expressed in cubic meters.

Drinking water
Megacities
Supply
Use/Reuse
Ocotepeque-Citala Aquifer
Authors: Carvalho-Resende Tales
Published: July 2018

The Ocotepeque-Citala Aquifer is a small alluvial transboundary aquifer shared by Honduras and El Salvador. It is located in a mountainous valley and is characterised by strong links between groundwater and surface water, in this specific case the transboundary Río Lempa.

Groundwater
Transboundary
Area equipped for irrigation and actually irrigated
Authors: Carvalho-Resende Tales
Published: July 2018

Area actually irrigted, as a percentage of area equipped for irrigation. The statistics with a reference year closest to year 2005 were selected for this version 5 of the Global Map of Irrigation Areas.

For mor information, visit: http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/irrigationmap/index10.stm

Agriculture
Irrigation
Total water delivered to households in 2014
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: July 2018

Data is given in m³/capita/year.

The full data are available online. For more information, visit: www.waterstatistics.org

Drinking water
Supply
Determination of the chemical components, antioxidant and antifungal activities of essential oil and plant extract of Salvia candidissima Vahl.
Authors: BAYAR Yusuf , GENC Nusret
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical components, antioxidant and antifungal activities of the essential oil and plant methanolic extract of Salvia candidissima Vahl. plant, which is one of the sage species. By using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method, it was determined that there are 54 components in the essential oil of S. candidissima. These identified components were found to constitute 99.98% of the essential oil. The main components of the essential oil were determined as Spathulenol (12.75%), Caryophyllene oxide (8.67%), Ledene oxide (6.98%) and o-Cymene (6.03%). A antifungal activity of the essential oil against Rhizoctonia solani and Aternaria solani was found. As a result of the study, it was determined that the mycelial growth of A. solani was inhibited by 57.92% as a result of application of 10 μL petri-1 essential oil, while that of R. solani was inhibited by 51.87%. As a result of the antioxidant study conducted with plant extract, the values of Free Radical Scavenging DPPH (lC50 22.96 ± 0.45), Iron Reduction Power (FRAP 1.20 ± 0.16 mmol TE g-1 extract), Copper Reduction Power (CUPRAC 3.30 ± 0.12 mmol TE g-1 extract) and Free Cation Radical Scavenging TEAC (lC50 9.25 ± 0.40 (µg ml-1)) were determined. The Total Phenolic (TP) and Total Flavonoid (TF) contents were found as 83.53 ± 5.92 mg GAE g-1 extract and 59.02 ± 3.59 mg QE g-1 extract, respectively. These results showed that the essential oil and plant methanolic extract of S.candidissima has a significant antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi and strong antioxidant activity.
Pamela Brown's The Swish of the Curtain
Authors: McMaster Juliet
Published: July 2018

Pamela Brown published her novel The Swish of the Curtain in 1941 when she was only sixteen, and it has had remarkable staying power, outlasting the many books she published as an adult, and achieving adaptation on radio and television. The novel has also given its name to a chain of drama programs for children across England. Brown’s well-told tale of a group of stage-struck teenagers who luck into a theatre and proceed to stage successful productions has some autobiographical elements, as she draws on her own stage activities with her friends in Colchester (fictionalised as “Fenchester”). But, interestingly, she made the progress of her characters a model for herself, and proceeded to carve out a similar path towards Drama School, a career on stage, and authorship.
In Search of the Authorial Self
Authors: Alexander Christine
Published: July 2018

Branwell Bronte’s childhood is a remarkable story of imaginative excess and misdirected creativity. His early experiments with miniature magazines and miniscule script suggest the limited world of the child, yet the paracosmic world he and his sisters created is one of vast proportion, with grandiose ideas that both empower and hinder the development of the young writer.

          Only a year younger than his sister Charlotte, Branwell was both partner and often leader in the creation of events in the prolific writing project associated with their invented world of Glass Town and Angria. This creative enterprise facilitated Branwell’s experimentation as editor, journalist, historian, poet and novelist, but it also enabled him to mask in bravado and hyperbole (and to avoid addressing) his lack of confidence and helped to legitimise, to himself at least, a false view of his position in the world.

          This article finds an explanation for Branwell’s eccentric behaviour and increasing inability to distinguish himself from his creation, Northangerland, in a consideration of the paracosm and, in particular, of the developmental problems associated with the idea of “being in a world of one’s own” that can develop from long involvement in an imaginative world (Cohen and MacKeith 1). Evidence suggests that Branwell found it hard to cope with ordinary life and the expectations placed upon him as an only boy. Nevertheless, Branwell’s early magazines, poetry and histories also suggest a playful, agile young mind stimulated by stories he has read, by classical legends of discovery, by war and politics, by the reading of newspapers and magazines—a mind keen to engage with the world despite his youth. Thus Glass Town and Angria also allowed Branwell to exercise power and channel his creative agency.
Óbices No Combate Ao Crime De Lavagem De Dinheiro
Authors: Almeida Marcio José De Magalhães , Bijos Leila
Published: July 2018

Ao conjunto de problemas que chamam a atenção da comunidade internacional, há uma ponderação de interesses ilegítimos, que traduzem enormes prejuízos quando se trata de “enriquecimento ilícito”, em que o Estado é a parte lesada, como o crime de lavagem de dinheiro, no Brasil. É preciso desenvolver regras aplicáveis para a recuperação de ilícitos, apesar de se evidenciar óbices de origem jurídica, política, econômica, psicossocial, militar, tecnológica e científica, e internacional. Salienta-se que se a luta contra os ilícitos e desvios evidentes de capitais for eficiente e eficaz, este delito sofrerá significativa redução. O crime de lavagem de dinheiro é complexo, o papel da atividade de inteligência desenvolve regras aplicáveis, sobressai-se como produção de conhecimentos úteis para a tomada de decisões relativas às medidas contra tal delito. Por ser um crime de grande complexidade, a atividade de inteligência de Estado deve trabalhar no contexto de um sistema de inteligência integrado, com o objetivo de produzir conhecimentos que explorem aspectos que dificultam o combate à lavagem de dinheiro. Ressalte-se a importância de uma eficiente cooperação internacional com os países signatários de acordos internacionais referentes à luta contra o crime de lavagem de dinheiro e outros crimes com ele relacionados. Dá-se ênfase à questão de que a atividade de inteligência não somente deve priorizar o aspecto econômico, na produção de conhecimentos que subsidiam a tomada de decisão sobre as medidas adequadas para o combate à lavagem de dinheiro. Procura-se, através de uma pesquisa empírica, demonstrar que as dificuldades no combate à lavanderia de capitais são amplas e têm origens diversificadas. Análises jurisprudenciais revelam que a atividade de inteligência prioriza o fator econômico na produção de conhecimentos, mas, trabalha com outros fatores que comprometem os resultados, e afligem significativamente, a luta contra esse delito em diferentes países do mundo contemporâneo.
A Parassubordinação E O Poder Diretivo Do Empregador No Contrato Individual De Trabalho
Authors: Bonome José Roberto , Roriz da Costa Joy Wildes
Published: July 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma reflexão acerca dos requisitos legais da existência da relação de emprego, analisando o grau de importância da subordinação e suas nuances práticas, além de discutir a respeito do poder diretivo do empregador diante da parassubordinação, como forma de dependência jurídica, surgida em face das inovações tecnológicas e consequentemente as novas relações de trabalho.
Áreas para producción de semilla de trigo en Valles Altos Centrales de México
Authors: Acuayte-Valdés Erik , Sandoval-Islas Sergio , Carballo-Carballo Aquiles , Villaseñor-Mir Eduardo , Leyva-Mir Santos Gerardo , Vargas-Hernández Mateo
Published: July 2018

La zonificación agro-ecológica permitió definir localidades con aptitud para el establecimiento del cultivo de trigo, así como las áreas que presentan condiciones no favorables para el desarrollo de la enfermedad tizón de la espiga por Fusarium sp. (TEF) la cual ocasiona reducción del peso en los granos y contaminación por micotoxinas, entre las que se encuentra el deoxinivalenol (DON). En general, la producción agrícola es determinada por las combinaciones de clima y suelo. Para el trigo se consideró como temperatura optima 15 a 23 °C, precipitación 750 a 900 mm, y altitud 4 500 msnm, TEF depende principalmente de la interacción de los factores climáticos y genotipo. Los umbrales climáticos considerados fueron los reportados para intensificar el índice relativo de la enfermedad: temperatura mínima mayor de 11 ºC, temperatura media mayor de 16.5 ºC, oscilación térmica menor a 13.4 ºC y precipitación pluvial mayor de 30 mm. Se delimitaron geográfica y cuantitativamente áreas potenciales considerando los criterios que definen lugares y superficies climáticamente aptas para el cultivo del trigo de temporal (mayo a octubre) y no aptas para la TEF haciendo una discriminación de las zonas urbanas y de otro uso que no sea el agrícola, por lo tanto el mapa generado se puede utilizar como herramienta de planeación para el establecimiento del cultivo del trigo, extensión de áreas y renovación de plantaciones para la producción de semilla en los Valles Altos Centrales de México.
P-Ca, AG4/7 y 6-BAP en la fisiología y nutrición de tomate en invernadero
Authors: Ramírez Homero , López-Fabian Abdiel , Peña-Cervantes Edmundo , Zavala-Ramírez María Guadalupe , Zermeño-Gónzalez Alejandro
Published: July 2018

El tomate es un cultivo de importancia mundial por su aportación en mano de obra, economía y calidad alimenticia. Estas características obligan a una continua búsqueda de tecnologías que contribuyan a mejorar el rendimiento y calidad del fruto. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de biorreguladores en parámetros foliares, contenido de nutrientes, rendimiento y calidad del fruto en tomate saladette híbrido “Raptor-F1” en la UAAAN, Saltillo, Coahuila, durante abril-agosto de 2015, bajo condiciones de invernadero. Cuando las plantas mostraron primordios florales se realizó una primera aplicación foliar con atomizador manual a punto de rocío de los tratamientos: control (agua), P-Ca (50 mg L-1), AG4/7 (50 mg L-1), AG4/7 (100 mg L-1), 6-BAP (50 mg L-1), 6-BAP (100 mg L-1), AG4/7 (50 mg L-1)+6-BAP (50 mg L-1) y AG4/7 (100 mg L-1)+6-BAP (100 mg L-1) y 15 días después, se realizó una segunda aplicación de las mismas dosis. Se estableció un diseño estadístico completamente al azar con diez repeticiones por tratamiento. Los resultados fueron analizados usando la prueba DMS (p≤ 0.05). P-Ca y 6-BAP a 50 mg L-1 no modificaron los parámetros foliares y rendimiento por planta; sin embargo, aumentaron el nivel de potasio en hojas y de nitrógeno y calcio en frutos. 6-BAP a 50 mg L-1 incrementó la materia fresca y seca, mientras que al combinarse con las giberelinas AG4/7 a 100 mg L-1 aumentaron el contenido de vitamina C y licopeno en frutos. Se concluye que las concentraciones individuales o combinadas de P-Ca, AG4/7 y 6-BAP, favorecen la calidad del tomate saladette híbrido “Raptor-F1” en invernadero.
Seguro para pequeños productores de maíz en el estado de Puebla
Authors: Ayvar Vargas Ma. del Rocío , Pérez Zamorano Abel , Portillo Vázquez Marcos
Published: July 2018

Para el pequeño productor agrícola del estado de Puebla, con hasta cinco hectáreas de superficie para la producción, no están a su alcance los sistemas de aseguramiento ofrecidos por el sector privado, ni los de seguros catastróficos ofrecidos por el gobierno. Entre las causas resalta la ausencia de una cultura de administración del riesgo y la falta de acercamiento a los servicios financieros formales. El presente estudio expone la propuesta de un esquema de aseguramiento agrícola y personal, bajo criterios de sencillez, ofrece al pequeño agricultor una alternativa asequible, que basa sus cifras financieras en los resultados de una regresión lineal calculada con datos de los rendimientos históricos de la región, por un periodo técnicamente viable, capaz de mostrar la tendencia y proyección a futuro en toneladas por hectárea. El costo de la prima de aseguramiento se obtiene aplicando el precio del producto en cuestión al promedio de las variaciones con respecto a su línea de tendencia, y el monto asegurado se obtiene valuando al mismo precio, el rendimiento estimado del ciclo inmediato posterior. Con este modelo se asegura que en el mediano plazo el productor reciba cada dos años un monto equivalente a la mitad de lo que paga por el seguro o bien, un fondo acumulado a su alcance para pensión o indemnización en etapas de desocupación.
Vegetales pulverizados para el manejo de Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky en almacenamiento
Authors: Gómez Herrera Hortencia Analy , González Mejía Omar , González Cortázar José Carlos
Published: July 2018

La pérdida de granos almacenados es un problema para los agricultores. Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, es la principal plaga en maíz almacenado. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar las propiedades bioinsecticidas de vegetales pulverizados reconocidos por productores de la Nueva y el Rosario, Copainalá, Chiapas, México, de septiembre 2015 a abril 2016. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar, con 25 tratamientos, un testigo absoluto y uno químico (fosfuro de aluminio) con tres repeticiones. En laboratorio se evaluaron cinco especies vegetales como pulverizados. R. communis L. al 4% genero la mortalidad mayor (53.3%). C. ambrosioides L. al 1% y R. communis L. al 3 y 5% con índice de repelencia (0.95) fueron los mejores. En maíz almacenado se evaluó el mejor tratamiento de la prueba en laboratorio; para mortalidad no se presentó diferencias significativas entre tratamientos. El porcentaje de maíz germinado no se ve afectado por la aplicación de pulverizados. R. comunis L. presentó resultados estadísticamente similares en grano dañado que el fosfuro de aluminio. La pérdida de peso del grano fue de 0.97 kg. Se puede concluir que el pulverizado de higuerilla tiene efectos de mortalidad al 4% y repelencia al 3 y 5% en condiciones de laboratorio. Mientras que en condiciones de almacenamiento no existieron diferencias lo cual pudo deberse a la perdida de efectividad de los metabolitos activos de higuerilla, el poder germinativo de las semillas de maíz no se ve afectado por la aplicación del pulverizado de R. communis L.
Establecimiento in vitro de dos cultivares liberados de frutillas: fresa y frambuesa
Authors: Ruíz Anchondo Teresita , Adriano Martínez Julio , Carrillo Castillo Teresa , Parra Quezada Rafael Ángel , Ojeda Barrios Dámaris Leopoldina , Hernández Rodríguez Adriana
Published: July 2018

El desarrollo de protocolos para la producción de plantas sanas in vitro es importante para satisfacer la demanda creciente de frutillas en el norte de México como una alternativa a los frutales tradicionales como nogal y manzano. Se evaluaron técnicas de establecimiento in vitro de fresa y frambuesa, a partir de explantes meristematicos, ápices y entrenudos. Se utilizó un método de desinfección convemcional, donde se utilizaron agentes desinfectantes como solución etanólica al 70%, luego se sumergieron en solución solución comercial al 3% de hipoclorito de sodio: agua (1:6), durante 15 min. Por último, en solución de timerosal® al 0.05% por 15 min. Se evaluaron ápices en el caso de fresa ápices, y de meristemos y entrenudos en el de frambuesa. Para el establecimiento se utilizaron sales Murashige y Skoog adicionados con citocinina 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP), ácido giberélico (GA) e ácido indolbutírico (AIB) en diferentes concentraciones para el caso de fresa. En frambuesa, se utilizaron sales de MS adicionadas con BAP, tidiazuron (TDZ), GA y AIB. Se evaluaron en ambos, los porcentajes de establecimiento, necrosis y contaminación. La siembra de ápices en el caso de fresa y su sistema de desinfección, permitió su establecimiento in vitro, las variables se analizaron mediante pruebas no paramétricas mostraron que el mejor tratamiento, fue TT1 con 70% de efectividad. Para frambuesa, el caso de entrenudos fue mejor durante el establecimiento que en el caso de meristemos, y el mejor tratamiento fue el TT4, con BAP + GA sin auxinas, con 57% de efectividad.
Indicadores económicos en el uso de semilla de maíz de calidad normal y proteica (QPM) en Veracruz
Authors: Hernández Salgado José Hilario , Jaramillo Albuja José Gabriel , Espinosa Calderón Alejandro , Peña Olvera Benjamín Valeriano , Díaz Ruiz Ramón
Published: July 2018

El maíz es una de los cultivos más sobresalientes de la República Mexicana, debido a que constituye parte importante en la dieta del mexicano, además de tener una connotación social y cultural fuerte en el país; sin embargo, los rendimientos de este cereal son bajos debido entre otros factores a que el uso de semilla mejorada, es escaso en el estado de Veracruz se ha estimado que el uso de semilla mejorada es 22% con un rendimiento promedio de 2.2 t ha-1. Este trabajo analiza el impacto de productividad y estima precios máximos de semilla de maíz que los agricultores estarían dispuestos a pagar por híbridos de maíz que fueron evaluados en las localidades de Tlachiconal y Campo Experimental Cotaxtla en el estado de Veracruz bajo condiciones de temporal, durante el ciclo primavera verano 2010. Los genotipos utilizados fueron: H-520, H-564C, H-561, H-565, H-518, HEA1-17, (LPSC7F64-2-6-2-2-BBB/CML495)CML494, (CLG2312/CML495)CML494, (CML269/CML264)CML494. Con base, en a los indicadores económicos que se analizaron en este trabajo, se concluyó que el uso de semilla certificada podría incrementarse siempre y cuando los materiales de maíz que se estén evaluando presenten altos rendimientos y a pesar de que el costo de la semilla sería muy elevado, estos se verían justificados y preferidos por altos índices de productividad de los nuevos materiales de maíz, lo que respondería a las expectativas de los productores de maíz.
Evaluación in vitro de la actividad antifungica del extracto de Heliopsis longipes en cepas de Sclerotium cepivorum y Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Delgado Ortiz Juan Carlos , Ochoa Fuentes Yisa María , Beltrán Beache Mariana , Cerna Chávez Ernesto
Published: July 2018

La pudrición blanca y la pudrición blanda causadas por Sclerotium cepivorum y Sclerotinia sclerotiorum son la principal causa de pérdidas en cultivos de ajo y lechuga, dificultándose su control debido a la producción de esclerocios. Una alternativa amigable con el medio ambiente para el control de enfermedades, es el uso de extractos de plantas; como Heliopsis longipes, la cual tiene la capacidad de producir alcamidas como la afinina, las cuales son responsable de su efecto como insecticida y bactericida, cabe mencionar que este compuesto se encuentra en mayor proporción en las raíces de la planta. Por lo cual la recolecta del material biológico se realizó en Guanajuato en el año de 2013, del cual se aisló el hongo y en el cual se evaluó la actividad antifúngica del extracto y se verifico la viabilidad de los esclerocios de Sclerotium cepivorum y Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, mediante la técnica de medio envenenado. Lográndose obtener porcentajes de inhibición superiores a 75% para las cepas de Sclerotium cepivorum, mientras que para Sclerotinia sclerotiorum inferiores a 40%. Además de mostrar reducción estadísticamente significativa en la producción de esclerocios y solo afectar el vigor de crecimiento en una de las cepas evaluadas. Por lo cual el extracto mostró ser efectivo en el control en los parámetros evaluados.
Guía metodológica para la implementación de políticas de control de acceso utilizando la plataforma de Cisco Network Admission Control (CNAC) en la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga – UNAB
Authors: Ramírez A. Alexa M. , Hernández José G.
Published: July 2018

La presente investigación tiene como fin mostrar la importancia que tiene hoy en día la implementación de soluciones de control de acceso en las organizaciones las cuales son usadas con el fin de controlar de manera eficiente el acceso de cada uno de los dispositivos que intentan conectarse a las redes corporativas y de esta manera proteger sus datos y reputación. En este documento se mencionan conceptos de seguridad, control de acceso y control de acceso a redes, haciendo énfasis en la solución propietaria de Cisco la cual lleva por nombre Cisco Network Assett Collector y sobre la cual se diseñó una propuesta de implementación de una guía metodológica para la implementación de políticas de control de acceso en la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga – UNAB.  Esta guía está dividida en ocho fases, las cuales permiten conocer y comprender la solución de Cisco, los requerimientos técnicos en cuanto a software y hardware relacionados y finalmente las políticas generales que se deben considerar al momento de implementar CNAC.
Normas ISO y marcos de referencia para gobernanza de las TIC. Revision general
Authors: Vecino P. Hugo
Published: July 2018

Actualmente existen diferentes normas, modelos y marcos de referencia en el tema de la gobernanza de las TIC, de manera general puede decirse que estos pretenden mostrar un camino a las empresas para que puedan alinear la misión corporativa con el uso adecuado, eficiente y eficaz de la tecnología, claramente en busca de conceptos como calidad, seguridad, disminución del riesgo, continuidad del servicio entre otros. En este artículo se hace una revisión de las principales normas internacionalmente reconocidas y asociadas al tema de la gobernanza de las TIC, con la intención de aproximar al lector interesado en este tópico, especialmente directores de TI o Chief information officer (CIO). También está dirigido a investigadores en el área, para que tengan una visión general de la normatividad vigente ya que estas buenas prácticas han sido validadas en su mayoría por más de 150 países.
Isolates of Cryptococcus Neoformans from Non-HIV and Non-Transplant Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Xi Yun , Zhao Peng , Tao Ling , Huang Jing , Chen Youming , Fu Yongmei , Sun Hengbiao , You Xu , Xiao Gang
Published: July 2018

A retrospective cross-sectional study for patients with confirmed Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis (CM) in non-HIV-infected and non-transplant hosts in two class-A tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou, China is reported. 181 CM patients were enrolled during the study period, 48% (87/181) of which died. Underlying diseases were risk factor associated with higher mortality, among which diabetes mellitus ranked first for the incidence of CM. The mortality was not related to antifungal drug susceptibility. All strains were considered susceptible to amphotericin B, although interpretative breakpoints for amphotericin B have not yet been established. According to the CLSI guidelines, most of the strains in our study were susceptible to voriconazole, fluconazole, fluorocytosine and dose-dependently susceptible to itraconazle.
Reflections on Perfecting Teaching Quality Monitoring System in Secondary Medical Vocational Colleges
Authors: Wei Yunhong
Published: July 2018

Teaching quality is an important component which constitutes secondary and higher medical colleges, at the same time teaching quality monitoring system is the key content of teaching quality. In the current, teaching quality system of many Chinese schools is comparatively inadequate and the construction of quality assessment is comparatively backward and unsystematic. This research made further exploration into the above question with effective scheme found question, among which finding effective scheme is the main method to guarantee the improvement and soundness of teaching quality monitoring system.
Hadis Metodolojisine Göre Hz. Ömer’in Müslüman Olmasıyla İlgili Rivayetlerin Sıhhat Değeri
Authors: İSTEMİ Fuat
Published: July 2018

Müslümanların ikinci halifesi Hz. Ömer’in Müslüman

oluşuyla ilgili birbirleriyle çelişen rivayetlerin Hadis ve Tarih

(Siyer/Meğazi) kaynaklarımızda yer aldığını görmekteyiz. Bu rivayetlerin

birinde Hz. Ömer, Resulullah’ı (a.s.) öldürmek üzere öfkeli bir şekilde evinden

çıkmış, fakat kız kardeşi ve eniştesinin Müslüman olduğunu öğrenince yolunu

değiştirerek onların evine yönelmiş ve dinlediği Kur’an’dan etkilenerek

Müslüman olmuştur. İkinci rivayette ise Hz. Ömer içki içmek amacıyla dışarı

çıkmış fakat içki bulamadığı için tavaf etmek amacıyla Kabe’ye gelmiştir.

Kabe’de Hz. Peygamber’in namaz kıldığını görünce, gizlice onu dinlemiş ve Hz.

Peygamber’in okuduğu Kur’an’dan etkilenerek Müslüman olmuştur. Üçüncü rivayette

ise Hz. Ömer Resulullah’a eziyet etmek amacıyla onu takip etmiş ve Hz.

Peygamber’in namaza durmasının ardından Hz. Peygamber’in okuduğu ayetleri

dinlemiş ve okuduğu ayetlerden etkilenerek Müslüman olmuştur. Hz. Ömer’in

Müslüman olmasına dair nakledilen bu rivayetlerden birincisi şöhret kazanmış ve

geçmişten günümüze kadar yazılan siyer kitaplarının hemen hemen tamamında yer

almıştır. Diğer rivayetler ise zamanla önemini kaybetmiş ve özellikle de son

yıllarda yazılan eserlerde neredeyse hiç yer almamıştır. Hz. Ömer’in nasıl

Müslüman olduğunu tespit etmek amacıyla bu rivayetlerden hangisinin sahih

olduğunu, hadis usulü açısından inceledik. Yaptığımız araştırma neticesinde bu

rivayetlerin daha çok siyer kitaplarında yer aldığını hadis kitaplarından ise

Kütüb-i Sitte’de yer almayıp daha tâli kaynaklarda yer aldığını müşahede ettik.

Üç rivayeti de hadis usulüne göre incelediğimizde meşhur olan birinci rivayetin

isnad açısından diğer iki rivayetten daha sahih olduğu sonucuna ulaştık.
Türk Tefekkür Tarihini Temellendirmede Yeni Bir Yorum Denemesi
Authors: TÜLÜCE Hüseyin âdem
Published: July 2018

Her medeniyetin kendine özgü bir felsefe yapma

biçimi vardır. Düşünmenin meseleleri aynı olsa bile ifade etme ve dile getirme

şekilleri farklıdır. Bu yönüyle düşünmenin evrensel yönü genel çerçevede aynı

konulardır. Fakat bu aynı olma durumu bütünü kapsamaz. Öte yandan düşünmenin

yerel yönü bizim düşüncelerimizi belli bir sistematik ve kavramsal yapı içinde

dile getirmemizi sağlar. İşte bu noktada özgün bir felsefi tefekkür

evrensellikle yerellik arasında durur. Evrensellik, konu bağlamında öne

çıkarken yerellik ifade bağlamında öne çıkar. Burada anlam, evrensel boyutu

imlerken anlamın dile gelmesi yerel boyutu imler. Bu çerçevede biz nazar ve

mükaşefe kavramlarını yerellik ve evrensellik bağlamında ele aldık. Bunun

mümkün olup olmadığını Prof. Dr. Süleyman Dönmez, Prof. Dr. Teoman Duralı,

Prof. Dr. Yalçın Koç’un ve Prof. Dr. İhsan Fazlıoğlu’nun düşünceleri

çerçevesinde tartıştık. Bu çerçevede “nazar ve mükaşefe” kavramları üzerinde

durduk. Çalışmamızda Prof. Dr. Süleyman Dönmez’in düşünce yolunda tin, ruh,

mana, iç anlamında yorumlanan “nous”, kavram ve düşünce öncesi durumu ifade

etmek için kullanmıştır. “Logos” kavramı ise dış, akıl, düşünce sistematiği

anlamında ele alınmıştır. Gerek “nous” gerekse logos kavramı hem Süleyman

Dönmez’ in hem de Yalçın Koç’ un eserlerinde farklı şekillerde ele alınsa da

aynı anlamda kullanılan kavramlardır. Üzerinde durduğumuz “nazar ve mükaşefe”

kavramlarını temel olarak Sühreverdi’nin işrak felsefesinden alsak ta İslam

düşünce geleneği içerisinde felsefede, kelamda ve tasavvufta sıkça kullanılan

kavramlardır. “Nazar”, çalışmamız bağlamında bilgiye ulaşmada rasyonel aklı

temsil ederken “mükaşefe” ise bilgiye ulaşmada sezgiyi merkeze alır. Öte yandan

makalemizde İhsan Fazlıoğlu’nun “gerçeklik küresi” terkibini, tarihi

müktesebatı okuma konusunda değerlendirdik. “Gerçeklik küresinin” ne olduğunu

ve fizik ilimlerin bu gerçeklik küresi ile olan bağını ortaya koymaya çalıştık.

Teoman Duralı’nın rasyonel akla dayalı “logos” felsefesi ile Yalçın Koç’ un

gönle dayalı “nous” anlayışını karşılaştırdık. Süleyman Dönmez’in “keşfi inşa”

yönteminin ne olduğunu ve yeni bir yöntem olarak durduğu yeri ifade etmeye

gayret gösterdik. Tüm bunlarla birlikte “nous” ve “logos” kavramlarının Batı

felsefe tarihi içinde hangi anlamda kullanıldığına, anlam kaymasına uğrayıp

uğramadığına değindik.
XIX. Yüzyıl Şâirlerinden İsmâil Sâdık Kemâl’in Âsâr-ı Kemâl’de Yer Alan Manzum Hilyesi
Authors: KARAKUŞ Yasin
Published: July 2018

İslamiyet, Türklerin hayatlarının her alanında

olduğu gibi edebî hayatlarının şekillenmesinde de kendini göstermiş ve dinî

konuların ele alındığı çok çeşitli edebî türün ortaya çıkmasında etkili

olmuştur. Bu edebî türlerden biri de Hz. Muhammed’in sûret ve sîretini konu

edinen hilye türüdür. Klâsik edebiyatımızda, Hz. Muhammed’in fizîkî ve ruhî

portresini ele alan hilye türünün manzum şekilleri on altıncı yüzyılda görülmeye

başlanmış ve bu alanda pek çok örnek ortaya konmuştur. Türk kültüründe hilyeye

büyük önem verilmiş, hilyeyi ezberleyenin hem dünyada hem ahirette büyük

mükâfatlara nâil olacağı ve huzura erişeceği ifade edilmiştir. Hilye, evde veya

işyerinde bulundurulursa o mekânın çeşitli kötülüklerden korunacağına, yanında

taşıyanların kaza ve musibetlere uğramayacağına inanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada,

XIX. asırda yaşamış, dinî-tasavvufî eserler vermiş bir şâir olan İsmâil Sâdık

Kemâl b. Muhammed Vecîhî Paşa’ya ait olan Âsâr-ı Kemâl’deki manzum hilye

incelenmiştir. Müellifin hayatı, edebî kişiliği ve eserlerine kısaca

değinilmiş, özellikle çalışmamızın konusu olan hilyenin yer aldığı Âsâr-ı Kemâl

hakkında da bilgi verilmiştir. Hilye türü ve bu türün edebiyatımızdaki yeri hakkında

kısaca bilgi verildikten sonra eserin, şekil ve muhteva yönünden incelenmesi

yapılmış ve eserin transkribe edilmiş metni çalışmanın sonunda verilmiştir.

Ayrıca bu çalışma ile önceki çalışmalarda sehven mensur eserler listesinde adı

geçen eserin manzum olduğu bilim dünyasına duyurulmuştur.
PENINGKATAN PROFESIONALISME GURU BAHASA MELALUI SUPERVISI PENGAJARAN KEPALA SEKOLAH
Authors: Fathurrahman Fathurrahman
Published: July 2018

Pengajaran bahasa indonesia di sekolah dimaksudkan untuk membimbing peserta didik dalam menghasilkan kecerdasan berbahasa, yaitu kemampuan dalam mengggunaan kata dan kalimat yang baik dan benar dalam berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi dengan masyarakat sekitar. Untuk memenuhi tercapainya tujuan sekolah dalam pengajaran bahasa diperlukan guru profesional yang mampu mendidik dan membimbing peserta didik dalam melakukan proses internalisasi nilai kebahasaan, memilih pendekatan dan metode pengajaran yang sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. Kehadiran guru profesional tidak dapat dilepaskan dari peran dan fungsi kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor yang memberikan bantuan profesional kepada guru untuk selalu berkembang. Penelitian ini mengkaji pelaksanaan kegiatan supervisi pengajaran yang dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah SMP Negeri 2 Lamongan tahun 2017 kaitannya dengan upaya peningkatan profesionalisme guru bahasa Indonesia. Metode Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengambilan data melalui teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi sedangkan untuk analisis data menggunakan model analisis induksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya peningkatan profesionalisme guru yang dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah melalui; Pertama dengan supervisi pengajaran meliputi: Observasi kelas, fasilitasi MGMP sekolah dan MGMP kabupaten, penilaian kinerja, mengikutkan pelatihan dan workshop, dan melaksanakan pengembangan keprofesionalan berkelanjutan. Kedua, dengan menyelenggarakan program literasi, peningkatan kapasitas perpustakaan, mendirikan Reading Corner, Bulan Bahas dengan berbagai lomba kebahasaan, menerbitkan majalah sekolah, dan membuat Daring Amanah (jurnal harian anak yang berisi catatan kegiatan literasi, mengarang, mengaji Al-Qur’an, menyanyikan lagu-lagu kebangsaan, dan doa awal masuk sekolah).
STUDY OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF PROFESSION AND ACADEMIC SUCCESS OF STUDENTS SPECIALIZING IN “PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION” BY MEANS OF THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Fomina Tat'yana Petrovna , Karlova Margarita Yur'evna
Published: July 2018

The problems of education quality are constantly attracting attention, since it plays a huge role in the development of human society. Despite a wide range of works on improving the quality of training specialists at the current stage of the higher education reform, it can be noted that the problem of studying the factors affecting the academic success of university students is not fully understood. The article discusses the results of a questionnaire survey of the students specializing in “Pedagogical Education” on the choice of the profession of the teacher of mathematics and training at the university. Their analysis is carried out by statistical methods.
GENERAL THEORY OF PROBLEMS SOLUTION IN RELATION TO DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY
Authors: Vlasov Vladimir Vasil'evich , Khryashchev Valentin Gennad'evich , Goryachkina Aleksandra Yur'evna
Published: July 2018

One of the drawbacks of the domestic educational system is the inadequate ability of the graduates of educational institutions to apply the obtained knowledge in the solution of practical problems. The general theory of problems solution can help them in overcoming it, and at the same time it is the basis of a new science - the science of ratiology. This theory is concerned with the precise formulation of problems and the schematic methods of their solution invariantly to subject domains. Due to it, the apparatus of this theory (R-methodology of problems solution) can be applied in any of them. An example of using R-methodology for the solution of rather specific problems of descriptive geometry is considered in the article. The good scientific basis, modern nature and subject invariance of R-methodology allow using it as a unified tool for teaching to solve a wide variety of problems in educational institutions of different levels and directions. At the same time, a number of interesting possibilities of the modernization of the entire educational process appear: the formation and wide use of local and integral databases, an emphasis on students’ independent work with them, decrease in the part of insufficiently effective forms of teaching and so on.
TECHNICAL DRAWING IN THE COURSE OF ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Authors: Prokof'eva Ilona Vladimirovna , Demidov Sergei Gennad'evich
Published: July 2018

The article deals with the use of technical drawing in teaching one of the main sections of engineering graphics - projective drawing. The complexity of studying this section is often associated with inadequate awareness of the geometric statement of the problem, which requires its materialized explanation. The basic tools of technical drawing can help in this field; one can master them directly solving projection problems. An example of the organization of classes on studying the means of technical drawing used in Bauman Moscow State Technical University is given.
Convective processes in high resolution models: Impact of the lead time of the simulation
Authors: Lavin-Gullon Alvaro , Fernandez Jesus , Cardoso Rita M. , Goergen Klaus , Knist Sebastian , Lorenz Torge , Milovac Josipa , Soares Pedro M. M. , Sobolowski Stefan , Truhetz Heimo , Warrach-Sagi Kirsten
Published: July 2018

Most heavy precipitation events occurring in the world are associated with convective processes. As these phenomena produce severe economic and societal impacts, it is crucial to get to know their behaviour and their evolution in a future climate. For this reason, the international project CORDEX (Coordinated Regional climate Downscaling Experiment) proposed the Flagship Pilot Study on Convective phenomena at high resolution over Europe and the Mediterranean, focused on the study of convection in Europe. In this initiative, multi-model and multi-physics results and uncertainties of regional climate models (RCMs) are explored by means of ensembles of simulations. In this work, we additionally explore the role of internal variability to explain the differences found in the results by different model configurations.
WUJUDKAN KETAHANAN ENERGI NASIONAL MELALUI PENGOLAHAN RUMPUT LAUT SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Authors: Erna S.P
Published: July 2018

Kebutuhan energi nasional setiap tahun mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan sehingga pengembangan sumber energi terbarukan menjadi suatu keharusan. Rumput laut memiliki prospek yang cerah sebagai sumber bioethanol dikarenakan 2/3 dari luas wilayah Indonesia merupakan lautan dan trend produksi rumput laut nasional menunjukkan kenaikan yang tinggi. Selain itu, budidaya rumput laut tidak akan mengurangi luas lahan untuk budidaya tanaman pangan. Pengolahan rumput laut cukup sederhana dan dapat dilakukan dalam skala besar yang terdiri dari proses hidrolisis pati menjadi glukosa, proses fermentasi, dan pemurnian dengan distilasi.
Merokok & Bahayanya
Authors: Sodik Muhammad Ali
Published: July 2018

Alhamdulillahirobbil ‘alamin, puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Allah Swt., Tuhan yang berhak memberikan hidayah kepada siapa-siapa yang dikehendaki, semoga kita senantiasa dalam petunjuk-Nya. Sholawat serta salam teruntuk Nabi AgungMuhammad saw., Nabi yang senantiasa kita harapkan syafa’atnya besok di yaumul qiyamah, semoga kita dikumpulkan di surga bersamanya, amin ya robbal ‘alamin ...Buku kecil yang sedang Anda baca ini merupakan hasilpenelitian dari saudara M. Ali Sodik, M.A dengan judul asliPerilaku Merokok Anggota Keluarga dan Persepsi Ibu Rumah Tangga tentang Bahaya Merokok. Sebagaimana kita tahu bahwa merokok merupakan perkara yang tidak meyehatkan dikarenakan banyaknya kandungan zat-zat yang berbahaya yang terdapat dalam asap rokok. Dari sinilah pentingnya memberikan peringatan-peringatan tentang bahaya merokok agar banyak dari sahabat atau saudara kita meninggalkan perkara tersebut. Dari sinilah kami dari Tim Redaksi mencoba menerbitkan buku ini dengan harapan dapat memberikan wawasan lebih luas kepada pembaca sekalian mengenai bahaya merokok dari perspektif lain.
The Development of Encyclopedia as Chemistry Learning Source for Senior High School Students
Authors: Irwanto
Published: July 2018

This research aimed to develop The Better Energy Encyclopedia for Indonesia (BEEI) as a chemistry learning source for senior high school students and to determine the quality of the encyclopedia according to assessment of five chemistry teachers as reviewer based on quality criteria (standard) of non-text books include content/material, presentation, language and images, and graphics expediency. This research used model of procedural development including of five stages, they are planning, organizing, implementation, product assessment, and data analysis. The developed encyclopedia contains 15 chapters of renewable energy and non-renewable energy. The initial product was reviewed by three peer reviewers, a media expert, and a teaching materials expert. The final product was assessed by five reviewers of senior high school teachers from different school. Assesment was done by using research instrument sheet consisting 34 items statements. The result of this development research was the Better Energy Encyclopedia for Indonesia. This product obtained an average final score ( ̅ ) of 149.20. According to the assessment result by five reviewers, this final product quality of encyclopedia obtained the excellent category. Thus, the Better Energy Encyclopedia for Indonesia is worthy of being used as a chemistry learning source for senior high school students.
Windows Based System Security with Additional Security Process: A Study Approach
Authors: Rahim Robbi
Published: July 2018

This is Pre-Print version of article to be send and published in IOP Journal of Physcis Conference Series
The Influence of the Dividend Payout Ratio (Dpr) and the Current Ratio (Cr) Against the Growth of Share Prices in the Service Sector Companies the Period 2011 – 215, in Indonesia
Authors: Dama Hais
Published: July 2018

- The title, the influence of the Dividend PayoutRatio and Curren Ratio against the establishment of theshare price on the service sector company perikde 20122– 2015. This research aims to find out if the CurrentRatio and Dividend Payout Ratio effect on the growth ofservice sector Companies stock prices listed on theIndonesia stock exchange. This research data obtainedby downloading annual report through the officialwebsite so that the data in this study is secondary data.The research method used is the method of quantitativedeskriftif by using the application's e-viws of doing dataprocessing, source data taken from Bursa EfefkIndonesia through the website. Research results showthat the positive influence and significant dividendpayout ratio against share price growth as evidenced bythe value of the t-count is greater than the t-table. Whilethe Current ratio of influential negatife against thegrowth of the share price. The simultaneous influence ofthe dividend payout ratio and curren ratio together moreinfluenced positively and significantly to the growth ofprices of shares with a value of determination of 75.05%.