bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tunable Luminescence of Sb3+ Doped 0D Cs4PbCl6 Nanocrystals from Three Distinct Emission Centers
Authors: Zhang Anran , Jin Jiance , Xia Zhiguo
Published: July 2022

Metal halide nanocrystals (NCs) with multiple emission centers are high‐potential luminescent materials used in versatile optoelectronic applications. However, technical challenges hinder the achievement of tunable emission bands in single‐component NCs. In this study, by elaborately using 0D Cs4PbCl6 to design Cs4PbCl6:Sb3+ NCs, multiple photoluminescence excited at specific energies without energy transfer occurred owing to the isolated and distinct centers in the 0D frame. The three emission centers at 368, 450 and 570 nm can be assigned to the 3P1 → 1S0 transition of Pb2+ ions, D‐state emission of Pb2+ ions, and 3P1 → 1S0 transition of Sb3+ ions, respectively. The emission colors of Cs4PbCl6:Sb3+ NCs can be easily tuned from ultraviolet to yellow by precisely modulating the excitation wavelength, and white‐light emission at 360 nm excitation with a color coordinate of (0.3026, 0.3264) is obtained owing to the simultaneous activation of Sb3+ ions and the D‐state. This study not only demonstrates a feasible scheme for designing multiple‐emitting metal halide NCs but also provides guidance for expansion of their applications in flexible optoelectronic devices.
A Single‐Dose Qβ VLP Vaccine against S100A9 Protein Reduces Atherosclerosis in a Preclinical Model
Authors: Ortega‐Rivera Oscar A. , Shin Matthew D. , Moreno‐Gonzalez Miguel A. , Pokorski Jonathan K. , Steinmetz Nicole F.
Published: July 2022

The standard therapy for cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the administration of statins to reduce plasma cholesterol levels, but this requires lifelong treatment. A CVD vaccine candidate that targets the pro‐inflammatory mediator calprotectin by eliciting antibodies against the S100A9 protein is developed. The vaccine, based on bacteriophage Qβ virus‐like particles (VLPs) displaying S100A9 peptide epitopes, is formulated as a slow‐release PLGA:VLP implant by hot–melt extrusion. The single‐dose implant elicits S100A9‐specific antibody titers comparable to a three‐dose injection schedule with soluble VLPs. In an animal model of CVD (ApoE−/− mice fed on a high‐fat diet), the implant reduces serum levels of calprotectin, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and MCP‐1, resulting in less severe aortic lesions. This novel implant is therefore able to attenuate atherosclerosis over a sustained period and offers a novel and promising strategy to replace the repetitive administration of statins for the treatment of CVD.
Triple Conductive Wiring by Electron Doping, Chelation Coating and Electrochemical Conversion in Fluffy Nb2O5 Anodes for Fast‐Charging Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zheng Yongjian , Qiu Wujie , Wang Lei , Liu Jianjun , Chen Shuangqiang , Li Chilin
Published: July 2022

High‐rate anode material is the kernel of developing fast‐charging lithium ion batteries (LIBs). T–Nb2O5, well‐known for its “room and pillar” structure and bulk pseudocapacitive effect, is expected to enable the fast lithium (de)intercalation. But this property is still limited by the low electronic conductivity or insufficient wiring manner. Herein, a strategy of triple conductive wiring through electron doping, chelation coating, and electrochemical conversion inside the microsized porous spheres consisting of dendrite‐like T–Nb2O5 primary particles is proposed to achieve the fast‐charging and durable anodes for LIBs. The penetrative implanting of conformal carbon coating (derivative from polydopamine chelate) and NbO domains (induced by excess discharging) reinforces the global supply of electronically conductive wires, apart from those from Co/Mn heteroatom or O vacancy doping. The polydopamine etching on T–Nb2O5 spheres promotes their evolution into fluffy morphology with better electrolyte infiltration. The synergic electron and ion wiring at different scales endow the modified T–Nb2O5 anode with ultralong cycling life (143 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 8500 cycles) and high‐rate performance (144.1 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1). The permeation of multiple electron wires also enables a high mass loading of T–Nb2O5 (4.5 mg cm−2) with a high areal capacity of 0.668 mAh cm−2 even after 150 cycles.
The Effect of the Charge Transfer Transition of the Tetravalent Terbium on the Photostability of Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Lan Linfeng , Li Xiao , Ding Chunchun , Chen Siting , Su Huimin , Huang Bo , Chen Baozhong , Zhou Hongkun , Peng Junbiao
Published: July 2022

The development of the next‐generation display technologies requires thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with high mobility and good negative‐bias‐illumination stress (NBIS) stability. Here, a tetravalent‐terbium‐doped indium oxide (Tb:In2O3) semiconductor is reported, which can effectively improve the NBIS stability of the TFT while ensuring high mobility. The TFT with Tb:In2O3 channel layer exhibited remarkable performance with a saturation mobility of 45.0 cm2 V–1 s–1 (with average mobility of 38.6 cm2 V–1 s–1), a turn‐on voltage (Von) of −1.1 V, and an on‐off current ratio of 108. In addition, the Tb:In2O3 TFT showed greatly improved NBIS stability with Von shift (ΔVon) of −3.9 V (with average ΔVon of 4.0 V) under 3600 s stress with −20 V gate voltage and white light illumination (compared to ΔVon of −11.7 V for the pure In2O3 TFT). Comprehensive studies reveal that the effective improvement of NBIS stability after Tb4+ doping is mainly attributed to the wide‐band absorption of the incident blue light by the Tb4f 7—O2p6 to Tb4f 8—O2p5 charge transfer (CT) transition that has smaller overall lattice expansion/contraction and shorter relaxation time compared to VO ionization.
Temporal Pattern Coding in Ionic Memristor‐Based Spiking Neurons for Adaptive Tactile Perception
Authors: Xie Zhuolin , Zhu Xiaojian , Wang Wei , Guo Zhecheng , Zhang Yuejun , Liu Huiyuan , Sun Cui , Tang Minghua , Gao Shuang , Li Run‐Wei
Published: July 2022

Biological neurons encode signals through firing voltage spike trains having unique temporal patterns, enabling efficient information representation and processing. Realization of these rich neuronal firing characteristics in a single electronic device, without circuitry and software assistance, promise compact and functional neuromorphic hardware for advanced artificial intelligence applications. Here, a Pt/Co3O4‐x/ITO‐based ionic memristor is reported that can faithfully produce voltage spike trains exhibiting diverse temporal patterns of biological neurons, under electric current stimulation. The spiking behaviors stem from the redistribution of ions in the device, governed by the current induced electric field and Joule heating effects. Tonic, phasic, burst, and adaptive firing patterns of neurons are demonstrated. Particularly, the adaptive firing characteristics allow the memristor to reduce the response to invariant current stimulation and to respond to current changes with enhanced sensitivity, implementing neuronal adaptive coding function. Integrating such memristors with pressure sensors yields an artificial tactile sensory system that can adaptively perceive small pressure variations in the presence of strong static pressure backgrounds, enabling accurate identification of touched objects in ever‐changing environments. This work opens up an avenue toward advanced neuromorphic hardware for smart neural prosthetics and bionic robotics applications.
Insights into the Origins of Minority Carrier Traps in Solution‐Processed Organic Semiconductors and Their Effects on Transistor Photostability
Authors: Ruan Xiaobin , Cheng Shuiling , Deng Wei , Tan Yuan , Lu Zhengjun , Shi Jialin , Zhang Xiujuan , Jie Jiansheng
Published: July 2022

Minority carrier traps in the bandgap of organic semiconductors (OSCs) are pervasive and of vital importance in determining the performance and stability of the optoelectronic device. Understanding their origins is one critical issue at both the fundamental and applied levels. However, relevant research has rarely been performed due to the lack of an effective strategy for quantitatively assessing the minority carrier traps buried in OSCs. Here, organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) operated under strong and long‐term light illumination can be used as a model device to assess the amount of minority carrier traps in solution‐processed OSCs, are proposed. Based on the experimental results and theoretical calculations, first identified hydrated impurities (water and oxygen) in the residual organic solvents primarily contribute to formation of minority carrier traps within the OSC bandgap, giving rise to photo‐induced electrical instability of OFETs. To address this problem, a molecular additive strategy is developed to improve the OFET photostability by releasing trapped electrons from the levels of minority carrier traps. This work not only elucidates the significant role of water and oxygen in the residual organic solvents in forming minority carrier traps but also provides guidelines for improving OFET photostability for practical applications.
Cover crop effects on μCT‐measured geometrical pore characteristics
Authors: Rankoth Lalith Mahendra , Udawatta Ranjith P. , Gantzer Clark J. , Anderson Stephen H.
Published: July 2022

Cover crops (CC) could improve soil physical, chemical, and biological properties; however, the micrometer scale quantification of geometric pore characteristics in CC soil is limited in the literature. The objective of this study was to differentiate geometrical pore characteristics between CC and no CC (NCC) by computed tomography (CT). The study design consisted of winter CC and summer corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation with no‐till management. The sample cores were collected after 7 yr of mixed species CC establishment. Six 0‐to‐65‐mm‐long soil cores (28‐mm diam.) were imaged at 29‐μm resolution, and three‐dimensional volumes were analyzed using Fiji‐ImageJ2 software. Slice thickness was 29 μm, and the minimum achievable voxel size was 90 nm. Images within the top and bottom 7.25 mm were removed, and two depths within a core were analyzed for soil pore parameters. The total pore volume was significantly greater (P < .05) in CC compared with NCC, with 8.4 and 2.5 times greater values in CC at 7.25–27.25 and 37.25–57.25 mm, respectively. The total (individual + branched) and the individual pore count were significantly greater (P < .05) in CC compared with NCC for both depths. The porosity of CC soil at 7.25‐to‐27.25‐mm depth was 10 times greater than that of NCC. The branched pore count was not significantly different between two treatments. Overall, the micrometer scale determination of geometrical pore network characteristics showed added benefits of CC use compared with NCC; thus, the use of CC can be beneficial in improving soil pore networks.
BRD4 degradation blocks expression of MYC and multiple forms of stem cell resistance in Ph+ chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Peter Barbara , Eisenwort Gregor , Sadovnik Irina , Bauer Karin , Willmann Michael , Rülicke Thomas , Berger Daniela , Stefanzl Gabriele , Greiner Georg , Hoermann Gregor , Keller Alexandra , Wolf Dominik , Čulen Martin , Winter Georg E. , Hoffmann Thomas , Schiefer Ana‐Iris , Sperr Wolfgang R. , Zuber Johannes , Mayer Jiří , Valent Peter
Published: July 2022

In most patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) clonal cells can be kept under control by BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). However, overt resistance or intolerance against these TKI may occur. We identified the epigenetic reader BRD4 and its downstream‐effector MYC as growth regulators and therapeutic targets in CML cells. BRD4 and MYC were found to be expressed in primary CML cells, CD34+/CD38− leukemic stem cells (LSC), and in the CML cell lines KU812, K562, KCL22, and KCL22T315I. The BRD4‐targeting drug JQ1 was found to suppress proliferation in KU812 cells and primary leukemic cells in the majority of patients with chronic phase CML. In the blast phase of CML, JQ1 was less effective. However, the BRD4 degrader dBET6 was found to block proliferation and/or survival of primary CML cells in all patients tested, including blast phase CML and CML cells exhibiting the T315I variant of BCR::ABL1. Moreover, dBET6 was found to block MYC expression and to synergize with BCR::ABL1 TKI in inhibiting the proliferation in the JQ1‐resistant cell line K562. Furthermore, BRD4 degradation was found to overcome osteoblast‐induced TKI resistance of CML LSC in a co‐culture system and to block interferon‐gamma‐induced upregulation of the checkpoint antigen PD‐L1 in LSC. Finally, dBET6 was found to suppress the in vitro survival of CML LSC and their engraftment in NSG mice. Together, targeting of BRD4 and MYC through BET degradation sensitizes CML cells against BCR::ABL1 TKI and is a potent approach to overcome multiple forms of drug resistance in CML LSC.
Topochemical, Single‐Crystal‐to‐Single‐Crystal [2+2] Photocycloadditions Driven by Chalcogen‐Bonding Interactions
Authors: Alfuth Jan , Jeannin Olivier , Fourmigué Marc
Published: July 2022

The face‐to‐face association of (E)‐1,2‐di(4‐pyridyl)ethylene (bpen) molecules into rectangular motifs stabilized for the first time by chalcogen bonding (ChB) interactions is shown to provide photoreactive systems leading to cyclobutane formation through single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal [2+2] photodimerizations. The chelating chalcogen bond donors are based on original aromatic, ortho‐substituted bis(selenocyanato)benzene derivatives 1–3, prepared from ortho‐diboronic acid bis(pinacol) ester precursors and SeO2 and malononitrile in 75–90 % yield. The very short intramolecular Se⋅⋅⋅Se distance in 1–3 (3.22–3.24 Å), a consequence of a strong intramolecular ChB interaction, expands to 3.52–3.54 Å in the chalcogen‐bonded adducts with bpen, a distance (<4 Å) well adapted to the face‐to‐face association of the bpen molecules into the reactive position toward photochemical dimerization.
Anode‐Free Lithium–Sulfur Cells Enabled by Rationally Tuning Lithium Polysulfide Molecules
Authors: Ren Yuxun , Bhargav Amruth , Shin Woochul , Sul Hyunki , Manthiram Arumugam
Published: July 2022

The two major barriers of practical lithium–sulfur batteries are the poor reversibility of lithium‐metal anode and sluggish kinetics of sulfur cathode. Here, we report a simple yet cogent, molecular tailoring approach for lithium polysulfides, enabling a synergistic enhancement of anode reversibility and cathode kinetics. We show that SnI4coordinates with lithium polysulfides to form soluble complexes, resulting in a Li2SnS3‐rich anode interphase layer. As Li2SnS3is stable against parasitic reactions and has a lower ionic resistance over cycling, the Li plating/stripping efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the formation of soluble complexes between SnI4and lithium polysulfides play a non‐negligible role in suppressing the clustering behavior of lithium polysulfide molecules, resulting in a significant enhancement in sulfur conversion kinetics under lean electrolyte conditions. The synergistic improvement is validated in anode‐free, lean‐electrolyte pouch cells with a Li2S cathode that displays capacity retention of 78 % after 100 cycles.
The insecure skin‐ego: Conspiracy theories as a source of containment in a pandemic
Authors: Mohammadpour‐Yazdi Ahmad‐Reza , Dabbagh Hossein
Published: July 2022

In analyzing the psychological reactions to the recent COVID‐19 pandemic, we have tried to show that the existing societal protective skin that gives unity to people by creating a secure containment was too thin and fragile to cope with an annihilation situation such as the pandemic. This healthy and protective societal skin acts continuously as a maternal environment, providing physical and mental security. As a modest contribution, we provide psychoanalytic, social, cultural, and political analyses of the conspiracy theories and infodemics in the mid‐COVID‐19 era. We extend Anzieu's theory of skin‐ego from a maternal‐centered conceptualization to one based on a wider range of caregivers, including politicians, health care professionals, scientists, and researchers—who act as the suppliers of containment. During the pandemic, the common protective skin showed initial flexibility as it tried to regenerate a secure common skin with the help of the health care system and other state organizations responsible for managing the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, the common protective skin is under continuous attack by various politicians around the world, like the hyper‐masculine figure of Donald Trump who attacked this common skin, increasing the insecurity and helplessness of people. Like hermit crabs, thin‐skinned people with insecure skin‐egos sought refuge inside the shell of Trump's safer and thicker skin. A shell of conspiracy theories and infodemics provided by crustacean Trump functioned as a thick, protective skin. To illustrate our ideas, we present events and reactions from the pandemic and also cite two illustrative examples—the story of Noah's Ark and the children's classic, The Three Little Pigs.
Silica‐based Nanoparticles for Enzyme Immobilization and Delivery
Authors: Zhao Liang , Zhang Yue , Yang Yannan , Yu Chengzhong
Published: July 2022

Enzymes play an indispensable role in biosystems, catalyzing a variety of chemical and biochemical reactions with exceptionally high efficiency and selectivity. These features render them uniquely positioned in developing novel catalytic systems and therapeutics. However, their practical application is largely hindered by the vulnerability, low reusability and the inability to overcome the biological barriers of enzymes. Silica‐based nanoparticles (SNPs) are a classic family of nanomaterials with tunable physicochemical properties, making them ideal candidates to address the intrinsic shortcomings of natural enzymes. SNPs not only improve the activity and durability of enzymes, but also provide precise spatiotemporal control over their intracellular as well as systemic biodistributions for boosting the catalytic outcome. Herein, the recent progress in SNPs for enzyme immobilization and delivery is summarized. The therapeutic applications, including cancer therapy and bacterial inhibition, are particularly highlighted. Our perspectives in this field, including current challenges and possible future research directions are also provided.
A novel clinical tool to predict cancer‐specific survival in patients with primary pelvic sarcomas: A large population‐based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Chao , Su Qiang , Ding Zichuan , Zeng Weinan , Zhou Zongke
Published: July 2022

Background

Primary osseous sarcoma of the pelvis is rare and has a particularly sinister outcome. This study aims to identify independent prognostic factors of cancer‐specific survival (CSS) in patients with primary pelvic sarcoma (PS) and develop a nomogram to predict 3‐, 5‐, and 10‐year probability of CSS in these patients.

Methods

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify 416 patients with primary PS, who were divided into two groups: a training cohort and a validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to screen independent prognostic factors in patients with primary PS. Based on these independent prognostic factors, a prognostic nomogram was developed to predict 3‐, 5‐, and 10‐year probability of CSS. The nomogram's predictive performance and clinical value were evaluated using the calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Finally, a mortality risk stratification system was developed.

Results

Tumor size, tumor stage, histological type, surgery, and chemotherapy were identified as independent prognostic factors for the CSS of primary PS patients. Based on these factors, a nomogram was created to predict the 3‐, 5‐, and 10‐year probability of CSS in these patients. The calibration curve, ROC, and DCA indicated that the nomogram performed well and was appropriate for clinical use, with 3‐, 5‐, and 10‐year areas under ROC curve all higher than 0.800. Furthermore, the nomogram‐based mortality risk stratification system could effectively divide these patients into three risk subgroups.

Conclusions

The nomogram constructed in this study could accurately predict 3‐, 5‐, and 10‐year probability of CSS in patients with primary PS. Clinicians can use the nomogram to categorize these patients into risk subgroups and provide personalized treatment plans.
Isolation of Some Phenolic Compounds from Plantago subulata L. and Determination of Their Antidiabetic, Anticholinesterase, Antiepileptic and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Özaslan Muhammet Serhat , Sağlamtaş Rüya , Demir Yeliz , Genç Yasin , Saraçoğlu İclal , Gülçin İlhami
Published: July 2022

In the current study, some phenolic compounds, including acteoside, isoacteoside, echinacoside, and arenarioside purified and characterized from Plantago subulata. These compounds were tested for its antioxidant potential, including Fe3+ and Cu2+ reductive ability and Fe2+ chelating effects. The inhibitory effects of isolated phenolic compounds were tested towards human carbonic anhydrase I and II isoenzymes (hCA I and hCA II), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) acetylcholinesterase (AChE), aldose reductase (AR) and α‐glycosidase (α‐gly). Ki values were found these compounds in range of 0.24±0.05–1.38±0.34 μM against hCA I, 0.194±0.018–1.03±0.06 μM against hCA II, 0.043±0.01–0.154±0.02 μM against AChE, 3.92±1.08–11.93±4.45 μM against BChE, 0.082±0.0008–1.68±0.42 μM against AR, and 6.93±2.74–17.17±6.70 μM against α‐glycosidase. As a result, isolated compounds displayed inhibition effects against studied all metabolic enzymes. They are promising candidates for treating disorders like Alzheimer's disease, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, leukemia, and epilepsy.
How to talk to your pregnant teen: Advice from the AAP
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: July 2022

The American Academy of Pediatrics (SSP) says it's important to help pregnant teens know what their options are. You may assume your daughter won't have sex, won't get pregnant, and doesn't need any advice. In fact, each year more than a half‐million U.S. girls in their teens or younger become pregnant. These girls have life‐changing and emotional decisions to face, and what they need, according to the AAP, is “straightforward information and judgement‐free guidance and support.” Pediatricians and parents can be their guideposts.
Transformation of Platinum Single‐Atom Catalysts to Single‐Atom Alloys on Supported Nickel: TEM and XAS Spectroscopic Investigation
Authors: Kim Sunkyu , Sasmaz Erdem
Published: July 2022

The well‐dispersed Pt atoms on Ni have shown excellent coke resistance during methane reforming. In this work, we performed detailed characterization experiments using aberration‐corrected high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy (AC‐HAADF‐STEM), and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to elucidate the formation of different Pt structures with respect to Pt/Ni atomic ratios. The Pt−Ni single‐atom alloys (SAAs) in Pt/Ni‐CeO2@SiO2 yolk‐shell nanotube structures are synthesized by reducing Pt single atoms supported on the NiO surface as single‐atom catalysts (SACs). Pt−Ni SAAs show Pt−Ni contribution in the first shell with the coordination number of 5 without any Pt−Pt and Pt−O interactions, implying Pt atoms are isolated on the outermost layer of Ni species. However, Pt clusters can be detected at Pt/Ni atomic ratios higher than 0.008. The well‐dispersed Pt single atoms on Ni show high activity while maintaining their structure in dry reforming of methane condition at 773 K, verifying the excellent stability of the Pt−Ni SAA morphology.
Economic outcomes for transitioning to organic forage production
Authors: Kubesch Jonathan O. C. , Nave R. L. G. , Griffith A. P. , Cui S. , Bates G. E.
Published: July 2022

Research on the use of forages to transition cropland to organic production is limited. Our objective was to determine the cost of transitioning from conventional to organic production using perennial and annual forage systems. The study was conducted at the Middle Tennessee AgResearch and Education Center, in Spring Hill, TN. Five forage treatments were compared: tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.] monoculture, bermudagrass [Cynodon dactlyon (L.) Pers.] monoculture, tall fescue and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) mixture, bermudagrass and alfalfa mixture, and an annual rotation of a cool‐season mixture, including winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and winter pea (Pisum sativum L.), and a warm‐season mixture of sorghum–sudangrass [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench × S.orghum sudanese (Piper) Stapf] and cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Perennial forages were established in 2017 and 2018 following orchard removal and a fallow period. Regular production measurements began in 2019 when the plots achieved full organic certification status. Tall fescue had the lowest cost for the overall transition period. However, on a cost per unit of dry matter (DM) forage mass and on a cost per unit of crude protein (CP) basis, all treatments were similar, with a range between US$0.02 and $0.03 lb–1 for DM forage mass and between $0.15 and $0.20 lb–1 for CP, except for the more costly bermudagrass monoculture that was $0.06 lb–1 DM forage mass and $0.40 lb–1 CP. Given the lack of a premium during the transition period, tall fescue was the most cost‐effective transition forage.
Ethylene‐Coordinative Chain‐Transfer Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly (CCTPISA)
Authors: Baulu Nicolas , Langlais Marvin , Dugas Pierre‐Yves , Thuilliez Julien , Jean‐Baptiste‐dit‐Dominique François , Lansalot Muriel , Boisson Christophe , D'Agosto Franck
Published: July 2022

Block copolymers based on ethylene (E) and butadiene (B) were prepared using the ansa‐bis(fluorenyl) complex {Me2Si(C13H8)2Nd(BH4)2Li(THF)}2 in combination with (n‐Bu)(n‐Oct)Mg (BOMAG) as a chain‐transfer agent. The diblock copolymers incorporating a soft poly(ethylene‐co‐butadiene) segment, called ethylene butadiene rubber (EBR), and a hard polyethylene (PE) one were obtained by simply adjusting the different feeds of monomers during the polymerization. The soluble EBR block was formed first by feeding the catalytic system dissolved in toluene at 70 °C with a mixture of ethylene and butadiene (E/B molar ratio 80 : 20). Then the feeding was stopped leading to the consumption of a large part of the residual monomers. The reactor was finally fed with ethylene to form the PE block. By varying the molar mass of the latter, it is shown that the resulting soft‐b‐hard block copolymers can self‐assemble simultaneously to the growth of the PE block in agreement with a polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) mechanism. The self‐assembly is discussed considering the reaction conditions, the crystallization of the PE block, and the polymerization mechanism involved.
Prior antihistamine agent successfully impaired cutaneous adverse reactions to COVID‐19 vaccine
Authors: Nanamori Hikaru , Sawada Yu , Sato Sayaka , Hara Reiko , Minokawa Yoko , Sugino Hitomi , Saito‐Sasaki Natsuko , Yamamoto Kayo , Okada Etsuko , Nakamura Motonobu
Published: July 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine is positively changing the health crises of this pandemic and is currently essential to overcome the COVID‐19 pandemic. The vaccine shows high efficacy against the infection and impairs the severity of symptoms. However, this vaccination is associated with concerns, such as vaccine‐associated adverse reactions, which are currently highlighted issues for clinicians. We experienced two cases of mild cutaneous adverse reaction following COVID‐19 vaccine administration, which was successfully controlled by prior administration of the antihistamine agent fexofenadine 3 days before COVID‐19 vaccination for 7 days.
Separation of Cesium Using Magnetic Copper Hexacyanoferrate/Biochar/Fe3O4
Authors: Xu Li , Tao Qinqin , Dai Ying
Published: July 2022

In this study, a novel cesium scavenger, magnetic copper hexacyanoferrate (III)/pomelo peel biochar (CuHCF‐MPC), is prepared. CuHCF‐MPC exhibits remarkable Cs+ adsorption properties including rapid kinetics, stability over a wide pH range (pH ≈3–10), high cesium adsorption capacity (145.65 mg g−1 at pH 7), high removal efficiency (>90%) and high Kd value (49 000 mL g−1) even in the presence of competitive cations (K+, Na+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) at high concentration. The kinetic behavior of cesium adsorption onto CuHCF‐MPC can be elucidated with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The adsorption is classified as an endothermic and spontaneous process as proved by ΔH < 0, ΔG < 0. The positive results suggest CuHCF‐MPC is an economic, environment‐friendly, and promising task‐specific adsorbent of cesium.
Soft tissue sarcoma incidences and clinical characteristics are significantly different in France and Taiwan
Authors: Chen Tom Wei‐Wu , Chiang Ruru Chun‐Ju , Le Cesne Alex , Hsieh Yu‐Chun , Italiano Antoine , Yang Ya‐Wen , Penel Nicolas , Lee Wen‐Chung , Bompas Emmanuelle , Valentin Thibaud , Anract Philippe , Firmin Nelly , Duffaud Florence , Cheng Ann‐Lii , Ducimetiere Francoise , Chan K. Arnold , Blay Jean‐Yves
Published: July 2022

Background

The incidence of different soft tissue sarcoma (STS) histotypes among ethnic and geographic populations has not been comprehensively investigated.

Methods

Data from 2013 to 2016 were obtained from national cancer registry databases in France and Taiwan. Liposarcoma (LPS), leiomyosarcoma (LMS), angiosarcoma (AS), synovial sarcoma (SS), and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) were selected as index STSs to estimate the age‐standardized incidence rates (ASRs) and other clinical features between patients.

Results

In total, 9398 patients (7148 from France and 2250 from Taiwan) were included. The ASRs of AS (5.4 vs. 2.8) and MPNST (2.0 vs. 1.0) were significantly higher in Taiwan; France had significantly higher ASRs for LPS (12.0 vs. 10.0), LMS (9.7 vs. 7.6), and SS (1.7 vs. 1.2). Patients in Taiwan with LMS or LPS were younger than their French counterparts. With regard to the distribution according to primary anatomic site, French patients had higher odds for extremity and truncal LMS (odds ratio [OR], 2.84; p < .001), AS (OR, 2.67; p < .001), MPNST (OR, 1.55; p = .027), and LPS (OR, 1.38; p < .001) and for breast AS (OR, 10.58; p < .001). Taiwanese patients had higher odds for liver AS (OR, 10.72; p < .001) and uterine LMS (OR, 3.21; p < .001). SS age and distribution according to primary anatomic site did not differ significantly between the French and Taiwanese populations.

Conclusions

Significant differences in the incidence and clinical characteristics of index STS suggested that geographic (environmental) and ethnicity factors likely play a vital role in the pathogenesis of STS.
Preventive strategies for breast cancer–related lymphedema: Working toward optimal patient selection
Authors: Hyland Colby J. , Manrique Oscar J. , Weiss Anna , Broyles Justin M.
Published: July 2022

Complicated, high‐resource surgeries are being developed and performed to prevent breast cancer–related lymphedema. Determining risk factors for lymphedema development is critical to optimize patient selection for such procedures.
Risk factors for breast cancer–related lymphedema in patients undergoing 3 years of prospective surveillance with intervention
Authors: Koelmeyer Louise A. , Gaitatzis Katrina , Dietrich Mary S. , Shah Chirag S. , Boyages John , McLaughlin Sarah A. , Taback Bret , Stolldorf Deonni P. , Elder Elisabeth , Hughes T. Michael , French James R. , Ngui Nicholas , Hsu Jeremy M. , Moore Andrew , Ridner Sheila H.
Published: July 2022

Background

To evaluate risk factors (treatment‐related, comorbidities, and lifestyle) for breast cancer–related lymphedema (BCRL) within the context of a Prospective Surveillance and Early Intervention (PSEI) model of care for subclinical BCRL.

Methods

The parent randomized clinical trial assigned patients newly diagnosed with breast cancer to PSEI with either bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) or tape measurement (TM). Surgical, systemic and radiation treatments, comorbidities, and lifestyle factors were recorded. Detection of subclinical BCRL (change from baseline of either BIS L‐Dex ≥6.5 or tape volume ≥ 5% and < 10%) triggered an intervention with compression therapy. Volume change from baseline ≥10% indicated progression to chronic lymphedema and need for complex decongestive physiotherapy. In this secondary analysis, multinomial logistic regressions including main and interaction effects of the study group and risk factors were used to test for factor associations with outcomes (no lymphedema, subclinical lymphedema, progression to chronic lymphedema after intervention, progression to chronic lymphedema without intervention). Post hoc tests of significant interaction effects were conducted using Bonferroni‐corrected alphas of .008; otherwise, an alpha of .05 was used for statistical significance.

Results

The sample (n = 918; TM = 457; BIS = 461) was female with a median age of 58.4 years. Factors associated with BCRL risk included axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) (p < .001), taxane‐based chemotherapy (p < .001), regional nodal irradiation (RNI) (p ≤ .001), body mass index >30 (p = .002), and rurality (p = .037). Mastectomy, age, hypertension, diabetes, seroma, smoking, and air travel were not associated with BCRL risk.

Conclusions

Within the context of 3 years of PSEI for subclinical lymphedema, variables of ALND, taxane‐based chemotherapy, RNI, body mass index >30, and rurality increased risk.
Adaptive group‐aware topic model for venue recommendation
Authors: Li RuiChang , Meng Xiangwu , Zhang Yujie
Published: July 2022

Venue recommendation plays a vital role in helping the user discovers interesting locations. However, most of the existing studies have never considered the case of multiple people visiting a venue together, such as inviting friends to dinner, so they ignore the influence of group preference on making decisions. Furthermore, the participants' influence on the inviter's decision is also affected by participation time, venue category, and visiting sequence. In this article, we propose an adaptive group‐aware topic model (AGATM) to provide TOP‐K venue recommendations. The model considers the individual's personalized preferences and group preferences at different times to provide venue recommendations by simulating the process of making decisions for venues. We conduct extensive experiments on two real datasets to evaluate the performance of our proposed method. The experimental results show that our model outperforms existing benchmark algorithms.
Structural Regulation of Oxygen Vacancy‐Rich K0.5Mn2O4Cathode by Carbon Hybridization for Enhanced Zinc‐Ion Energy Storage
Authors: Wang Shuting , Yuan Guanghui , Yang Jiangpeng , Bai Jintao , Wang Gang , Yan Junfeng
Published: July 2022

High‐voltage manganese‐based materials are considered as promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs). Herein, oxygen vacancy‐rich K0.5Mn2O4sheets were anchored uniformly onto honeycomb‐like interconnected carbon nanoflakes (CNF@K0.5Mn2O4) for AZIB cathode applications. In the composite, the CNFs provided excellent intergranular electron transport capability, while the oxygen vacancies enhanced the electron transport efficiency inside crystals, and the embedded K ions expanded the interlayer spacing and stabilized the layered crystal structure. A reversible specific capacity of 241 mAh g−1could be maintained by the composite at 0.5 A g−1for 400 cycles. A combination of ex‐situ analytical methods and density functional theory calculations was carried out to elucidate the electrochemical mechanism of reversible zinc storage. In addition, flexible quasi‐solid‐state batteries of Zn//CNF@K0.5Mn2O4were constructed by substituting the traditional aqueous electrolyte for a quasi‐solid‐state gel electrolyte, which worked efficiently and exhibited high bending durability.
Retracted: A novel spectrum‐aware clustering algorithm based on golden ratio optimization and fuzzy clustering for cognitive radio networks
Authors: M Ponnrajakumari , K Vimala Devi , M Subramaniam
Published: July 2022

M P, K VD, M S. A novel spectrum‐aware clustering algorithm based on golden ratio optimization and fuzzy clustering for cognitive radio networks, International Journal of Communication Systems 2020, (https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.4625). The above article published online on 15 October 2020 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the Editor and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. Following publication, it has come to our attention that the people named as the Guest Editors of the Special Issue were being impersonated by a fraudulent entity and the articles were not reviewed in line with the journal's peer review standards. The Editor has determined that the articles do not meet the required scholarly standards of the journal, and therefore has taken the decision to retract the article. We did not find any evidence of misconduct by the authors. The authors have been informed of the decision to retract.
Weak population genetic structure in Eurasian spruce bark beetle over large regional scales in Sweden
Authors: Ellerstrand Simon Jacobsen , Choudhury Shruti , Svensson Kajsa , Andersson Martin N. , Kirkeby Carsten , Powell Daniel , Schlyter Fredrik , Jönsson Anna Maria , Brydegaard Mikkel , Hansson Bengt , Runemark Anna
Published: July 2022

The Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, is a major pest, capable of killing spruce forests during large population outbreaks. Recorded dispersal distances of individual beetles are typically within hundreds of meters or a few kilometers. However, the connectivity between populations at larger distances and longer time spans and how this is affected by the habitat is less studied, despite its importance for understanding at which distances local outbreaks may spread. Previous population genetic studies in I. typographus typically used low resolution markers. Here, we use genome‐wide data to assess population structure and connectivity of I. typographus in Sweden. We used 152 individuals from 19 population samples, distributed over 830 km from Strömsund (63° 46′ 8″ N) in the north to Nyteboda (56° 8′ 50″ N) in the south, to capture processes at a large regional scale, and a transect sampling design adjacent to a recent outbreak to capture processes at a smaller scale (76 km). Using restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) markers capturing 1409–1997 SNPs throughout the genome, we document a weak genetic structure over the large scale, potentially indicative of high connectivity with extensive gene flow. No differentiation was detected at the smaller scale. We find indications of isolation‐by‐distance both for relative (FST) and absolute divergence (Dxy). The two northernmost populations are most differentiated from the remaining populations, and diverge in parallel to the southern populations for a set of outlier loci. In conclusion, the population structure of I. typographus in Sweden is weak, suggesting a high capacity to disperse and establish outbreak populations in new territories.
Seasonal and annual dynamics of western Canadian boreal forest plant communities: A legacy data set spanning four decades
Authors: Hesketh Amelia V. , Loesberg Jenna A. , Bledsoe Ellen K. , Karst Justine , Macdonald S. Ellen
Published: July 2022

As boreal forests rapidly warm due to anthropogenic climate change, long‐term baseline community data are needed to effectively characterize the corresponding ecological changes that are occurring in these forests. The combined seasonal dynamics (SEADYN) and annual dynamics (ANNDYN) data set, which documents the vegetative changes in boreal forests during the snow‐free period, is one such source of baseline community data. These data were collected by George H. La Roi and colleagues in Alberta, Canada from 1980 to 2015 within permanent sampling plots established in the Hondo‐Slave Lake area (eight stands; 1980–2015) in central Alberta and the Athabasca Oil Sands (AOS) region (17 stands; 1981–1984) near Fort McMurray in northeastern Alberta. Various data were collected, with temporal and spatial coverage differing by data set. These data sets include, but are not limited to, cover of each identified vascular plant and bryoid (moss, liverwort, and lichen) species; forest mensuration; forest litter production; and soil temperature and moisture. Notably, permanent sampling plots were set up as a grid, which will facilitate analyses of spatial relations. These data can be used to analyze long‐term changes in seasonal dynamics and succession within boreal forest communities and serve as a baseline for comparison with future forest conditions in unmanaged, managed, and reclaimed forests. Data are released under a CC‐BY license; please cite this data paper when using the data for analyses.
Efficacy and safety of intravenous OPC‐61815 compared with oral tolvaptan in patients with congestive heart failure
Authors: Sato Naoki , Uno Shingo , Kurita Yuka , Kim Seongryul ,   the OPTION‐HF Investigators
Published: July 2022

Aims

This multicentre, randomized, controlled, double‐blind, parallel‐group Phase III study was conducted to confirm the non‐inferiority of OPC‐61815 (tolvaptan sodium phosphate) intravenous injections to oral tolvaptan tablets in patients with congestive heart failure and volume overload despite receiving diuretics other than vasopressin antagonists.

Methods and results

Congestive heart failure patients with volume overload despite receiving diuretics other than vasopressin antagonists were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive OPC‐61815 (16‐mg injection; n = 149) or oral tolvaptan (15‐mg tablet; n = 145) once daily for 5 days. Most patients were male; the mean age and weight were 74.7 years and 62.1 kg, respectively; other demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between groups. In this study, the primary endpoint was the change in body weight from baseline to the day after the last dose. Secondary endpoints included improvement from baseline in congestive findings and New York Heart Association classification. The change in body weight was −1.67 kg [95% confidence interval (CI): −1.93, −1.41] and −1.36 kg (95% CI: −1.62, −1.10) in the OPC‐61815 group and tolvaptan group, respectively; the difference in the least squares mean between the groups was −0.31 kg (95% CI: −0.68, 0.06). Given the upper CI did not exceed the pre‐specified limit of 0.48, this confirmed the non‐inferiority of injectable OPC‐61815 to oral tolvaptan. Daily urine volume and daily fluid intake increased, and daily fluid balance was negative throughout the treatment period; changes were similar for both groups. All evaluated congestive symptoms and New York Heart Association classifications showed improvement and safety findings were similar between the groups. The incidence of hyperkalaemia was higher in the OPC‐61815 group, and the incidence of thirst and dry mouth was higher in the tolvaptan group. Most treatment‐emergent adverse events were mild to moderate; one serious treatment‐emergent adverse event of hyperkalaemia in the OPC‐61815 group was considered treatment related.

Conclusions

OPC‐61815 (16‐mg injection) was confirmed as non‐inferior to oral tolvaptan (15‐mg tablet) in patients with congestive heart failure and inadequate response to diuretics; no new safety concerns were observed.
Biomarker‐driven prognostic models in chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the EMPEROR–Preserved trial
Authors: Pocock Stuart J. , Ferreira João Pedro , Packer Milton , Zannad Faiez , Filippatos Gerasimos , Kondo Toru , McMurray John J.V. , Solomon Scott D. , Januzzi James L. , Iwata Tomoko , Salsali Afshin , Butler Javed , Anker Stefan D.
Published: July 2022

Aims

Biomarker‐driven prognostic models incorporating N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs‐cTnT) in heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are lacking. We aimed to generate a biomarker‐driven prognostic tool for patients with chronic HFpEF enrolled in EMPEROR‐Preserved.

Methods and results

Multivariable Cox regression models were created for (i) the primary composite outcome of HF hospitalization or cardiovascular death, (ii) all‐cause death, (iii) cardiovascular death, and (iv) HF hospitalization. PARAGON‐HF was used as a validation cohort. NT‐proBNP and hs‐cTnT were the dominant predictors of the primary outcome, and in addition, a shorter time since last hospitalization, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), insulin‐treated diabetes, low haemoglobin, and a longer time since HF diagnosis were key predictors (eight variables, all p < 0.001). The consequent primary outcome risk score discriminated well (c‐statistic = 0.75) with patients in the top 10th of risk having an event rate >22× higher than those in the bottom 10th. A model for HF hospitalization alone had even better discrimination (c = 0.79). Empagliflozin reduced the risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for HF in patients across all risk levels. NT‐proBNP and hs‐cTnT were also the dominant predictors of all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality followed by history of COPD, low albumin, older age, left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%, NYHA class III or IV and insulin‐treated diabetes (eight variables, all p < 0.001). The mortality risk model had similar discrimination for all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality (c‐statistic = 0.72 for both). External validation provided c‐statistics of 0.71, 0.71, 0.72, and 0.72 for the primary outcome, HF hospitalization alone, all‐cause death, and cardiovascular death, respectively.

Conclusions

The combination of NT‐proBNP and hs‐cTnT along with a few readily available clinical variables provides effective risk discrimination both for morbidity and mortality in patients with HFpEF. A predictive tool‐kit facilitates the ready implementation of these risk models in routine clinical practice.
One‐cycle controlled standalone solar water pumping system
Authors: Nisha R. , Gnana Sheela K.
Published: July 2022

This paper addresses with the development of an effective standalone solar photovoltaic (PV)‐fed brushless DC (BLDC) motor water pumping system with battery storage. The system guarantees continuous water supply in all operating environments. Boost converter is selected as the DC‐DC converter linking the PV array and voltage source inverter. Maximum power point tracking is achieved through perturb and observe algorithm. The bidirectional buck‐boost converter is intended for the transfer of power between the battery and solar panels. Charging and discharging control of battery is achieved through one‐cycle control of bidirectional converter which provides quick response and zero steady‐state error. The BLDC motor works with electronic commutation providing smooth and fundamental frequency operation of the voltage source inverter. Simple battery management system using digital integrated circuits for controlling the power transfer amidst the solar panel and the load enhances the system efficiency. The performance of the proposed system is checked for various operating modes like normal conditions, discharging conditions and charging conditions of the battery, and is validated through simulation results. Comparison with existing topologies proves the efficacy of the system under all operating conditions.