bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of palliative care needs in hemodialysis patients: An update
Authors: Liem Ylian Serina , Eidemak Inge , Larsen Sille , Sjøgren Per , Molsted Stig , Sørensen Jonas , Laursen Louise , Kurita Geana Paula
Published: July 2021

Objective

End-stage kidney disease and hemodialysis (HD) treatment are associated with a high symptom burden in many patients. This study aimed at updating patient-reported outcomes concerning quality of life, fatigue, anxiety, and depression in HD patients treated in a single center in order to assess the need for palliative care provision.

Method

A cross-sectional design, in which a sample of patients treated at a single HD department (Rigshospitalet, Denmark) between January and June 2019, was analyzed using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form, the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. In addition, we compared the results with previously published data from the same department (2000) and with an age- and sex-matched sample from the Danish general population (1997/2014). Chi-square and t-tests were used for comparisons.

Results

Screened patients = 242, included = 141, analyzed = 131 (70.2% male, mean age = 61.3 years). HD patients reported low scores for quality of life, high scores for fatigue, and approximately 30% had anxiety/depression. Regarding quality of life, they had significantly lower scores on general health (P ≤ 0.000), vitality (P = 0.009), social functioning (P = 0.001), mental health (P = 0.007), and mental component (P = 0.005) compared with former data of HD patients. Moreover, they reported significantly poorer quality of life and worse fatigue compared with the general Danish population.

Significance of results

In the patients undergoing HD, quality of life was poor and worsened when compared with former HD patients’ data. Additionally, fatigue, depression, and anxiety in HD patients were prevalent. A clear need for palliative care provision was observed.
Ethno-Religious Identification and Support for Interreligious Violence: A Study of Muslim and Christian Students in Indonesia and the Philippines
Authors: Kanas Agnieszka , Scheepers Peer , Sterkens Carl
Published: July 2021

This study examines mechanisms and conditions under which ethnoreligious identification is related to support for out-group violence. It uses unique survey data collected among religious minorities and majorities in conflict and non-conflict regions in Indonesia and the Philippines. We find that strong ethno-religious identification is positively related to support for out-group violence. This relationship is fully mediated by the perception of out-group threat, suggesting that ethno-religious identification facilitates the perception of out-group threat, which, in turn, is positively related to support of violence. While the experience of communal violence increases support for interreligious violence, it does not influence the relationship between perceived group threat and support for violence. Interestingly, there is some evidence that the negative influence of intergroup contact on violence support is weaker for those who experienced communal violence.
Design of wideband multi-layer quadrature hybrid couplers with butterfly shaped resonators
Authors: Yayan Meliksah , Yapici Alparslan Cagri
Published: July 2021

In this paper, a wideband quadrature hybrid coupler is presented. The proposed structure has a multi-layer microstrip topology. In this topology, there are three substrate layers including prepreg material and four conductive layers. In order to achieve equal power division between through and coupled arms of the directional coupler while maintaining a 90° phase shift, aperture coupling between the resonators located at both top and bottom layers is utilized. So as to avoid any unwanted effects of prepreg material in such multilayer topology, via shielding around resonators are inserted. In this study, coupling from input ports to output ports is accomplished by the shielded butterfly shaped slot etched to the ground layer of top and bottom layers. The proposed design operates within 3–12 GHz. The acquired phase imbalance between the coupled ports is <±2.5°. The results of the manufactured quadrature hybrid coupler agree well with the simulated results.
Gravel Parameterization Schemes and its Regional Assessment on Tibetan Plateau Using RegCM4
Authors: Liu Yigang , Lyu Shihua , Ma Cuili , Xu Yue , Luo Jiangxin
Published: July 2021

In this study, the impact of gravel was taken into account in the regional climate model version 4.7, which was driven by the ERA‐Interim with a resolution of 1.5 km in this numerical experiment. The gravel parameterization schemes and the original soil hydrothermal parameterization schemes were used in the regional soil hydrothermal simulations on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), respectively. The performance of the two schemes in simulating the soil moisture (SM) was assessed. Moreover, three areas were selected in terms of the distribution of gravel content on the TP to investigate the differences in the internal mechanism of the model between the two schemes. The performance of the gravel schemes in simulating SM is generally improved compared with that of the original schemes. The simulation effect is superior in the southeastern TP. Except for the southeastern TP, the performance in simulating the temporal variations of SM below the soil depth of 1.0 m still needs to be improved. The fractional saturated area (fsat) and the fraction of the inundated area (fh2osfc) are two pivotal variables that control the important component of the hydrologic process. There may be a threshold for the increase of fh2osfc, when the increase of fh2osfc is lower than this value, the main effect of increasing fh2osfc is to reduce the surface moisture that is, divided into the input of soil. However, when the increase of fh2osfc is higher than this value, the main effect of increasing fh2osfc is to increase the bottom drainage from the surface water store. The increasing gravel content will induce the decreasing mineral soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, which leads to SM increases, the opposite is true.
Ensemble Skill Gains Obtained From the Multi‐Physics Versus Multi‐Model Approaches for Continental‐Scale Hydrological Simulations
Authors: Fei Wenli , Zheng Hui , Xu Zhongfeng , Wu Wen‐Ying , Lin Peirong , Tian Ye , Guo Mengyao , She Dunxian , Li Lingcheng , Li Kai , Yang Zong‐Liang
Published: July 2021

Multi‐physics ensembles have emerged as a promising approach to hydrological simulations. As multi‐physics ensembles are constructed by perturbing the model physics, the ensemble members share a substantial portion of the same physics and hence are not independent of each other. It is unknown whether and to what extent this nonindependence affects the skill gain of the ensemble method, especially compared with the multi‐model ensemble approach. This study compares a multi‐physics ensemble configured from the Noah land surface model with multi‐parameterization options (Noah‐MP) with the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) multi‐model ensemble. The two ensembles are evaluated in terms of the annual cycle and interannual anomaly at 12 River Forecast Centers over the conterminous United States. The ensemble skill gain is measured by the difference between the performance of the ensemble mean and the average of the ensemble members' performance, and the inter‐member independence is measured by error correlations. Results show that, due to the improved model physics, the Noah‐MP configurations outperform, on average, the NLDAS models, especially in the snow‐dominated areas. The Noah‐MP ensemble almost always obtains an outstanding member that performs the best among the two ensembles, reflecting its dense sampling of the feasible model physics space. However, these two performance superiorities do not lead to a superiority of the ensemble mean. The Noah‐MP ensemble has a lower ensemble skill gain, which corresponds to the lower inter‐member independence. These results highlight the importance of inter‐member independence, particularly when most hydrological ensemble methods have overlooked it.
The Long‐Term Response of Alternate Bars to the Hydrological Regime
Authors: Carlin Mattia , Redolfi Marco , Tubino Marco
Published: July 2021

Migrating bars are large‐scale, alternate bedforms that often develop in channelized river reaches, as a consequence of an intrinsic instability of the erodible channel bed. Their behavior under steady flow conditions has been widely investigated by means of theoretical, experimental, and numerical models, which revealed that bar formation occurs when the width‐to‐depth ratio of the channel exceeds a critical threshold value. Conversely, no much information is available about the long‐term, average characteristics of alternate bars in the case of a complex flow regime, which makes the width‐to‐depth ratio highly variable in time. Starting from the state‐of‐the‐art theoretical models of bar dynamics, we propose a novel methodology to determine the long‐term bar response to the hydrological river regime and the associated “bar‐forming” discharge that, if applied steadily, would produce the same morphological response. We derive a generalized criterion to define whether bars are expected to form and to estimate the long‐term bar topography, depending on flow probability density function and channel characteristics (width, slope and sediment size). Our procedure differs from the classical methods to define formative discharge, inasmuch as it accounts for the specific and reversible response of bar topography to the different flow stages that compose the hydrological regime. Application to four different gravel bed reaches in the Alpine region shows the capability of the procedure to interpret remarkably different riverbed morphologies and to provide a reasonable prediction of the observed bar height, thus suggesting its potential to analyze long‐term morphological trajectories following hydrological alterations and river restoration projects.
Nicoll Receives 2020 Atmospheric and Space Electricity Early Career Award
Authors:   AGU
Published: July 2021

Keri Nicoll received the 2020 Atmospheric and Space Electricity Early Career Award at AGU’s virtual Fall Meeting 2020. The award recognizes “significant contributions to atmospheric and space electricity science from honorees within 10 years of receiving their Ph.D. degree.”
Anderson Receives 2020 G. K. Gilbert Award in Surface Processes
Authors:   AGU
Published: July 2021

Suzanne P. Anderson received the 2020 G. K. Gilbert Award in Surface Processes at AGU’s virtual Fall Meeting 2020. The award recognizes “sustained and outstanding contributions to the field of Earth and planetary surface processes from a mid-career or senior scientist.”
Non‐Chained, Non‐Interacting, Stable Single‐Domain Magnetite Octahedra in Deep‐Sea Red Clay: A New Type of Magnetofossil?
Authors: Usui Yoichi , Yamazaki Toshitsugu
Published: July 2021

Magnetic detection and classification of magnetofossils have been proposed as potential tools for paleoenvironmental studies. Magnetosomes in bacterial species living in different environmental conditions exhibit different grain morphologies and chain configurations, which determine their magnetic properties. Recently, abundant magnetofossils have been reported from unfossiliferous pelagic red clay. However, little is known about their geometry and magnetic properties. Here we report very low coercivity biogenic magnetite in red clay from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 777 in the northern Mariana Basin. Analyzed sediment showed non‐interacting, stable single‐domain‐like magnetic behaviors. Acquisition of isothermal remanence was decomposed into five components, and a component with mean coercivity below 10 mT accounted for around 25 % of the remanence in some samples. Based on comparisons with semi‐quantitative transmission electron microscopy observations of magnetic extracts, this component appears to be carried by octahedral grains with size and shape very similar to biogenic magnetite in red clay from other sites. Micromagnetic calculations indicated that isolated maghemite octahedra may be responsible for the observed low coercivity component. Based on these results, we conclude that the low coercivity component represents non‐chained biogenic magnetite that has been oxidized to maghemite. The crystal morphology, geological setting, and lithology do not suggest unusual environmental conditions for ODP Site 777, so the relative amount of chained versus non‐chained grains may represent subtle environmental differences. We suggest that non‐chained magnetofossils may be widespread in deep‐sea sediments. Some methods could overlook the presence of non‐chained magnetite, affecting the identification and quantification of magnetofossils.
Tumour-derived exosomal lncRNA-SOX2OT promotes bone metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by targeting the miRNA-194-5p/RAC1 signalling axis in osteoclasts
Authors: Ni Jianjiao , Zhang Xiaofei , Li Juan , Zheng Zhiqin , Zhang Junhua , Zhao Weixin , Liu Liang
Published: July 2021

Bone is a frequent metastatic site of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and bone metastasis (BoM) presents significant challenges for patient survival and quality of life. Osteolytic BoM is characterised by aberrant differentiation and malfunction of osteoclasts through modulation of the TGF-β/pTHrP/RANKL signalling pathway, but its upstream regulatory mechanism is unclear. In this study, we found that lncRNA-SOX2OT was highly accumulated in exosomes derived from the peripheral blood of NSCLC patients with BoM and that patients with higher expression of exosomal lncRNA-SOX2OT had significantly shorter overall survival. Additionally, exosomal lncRNA-SOX2OT derived from NSCLC cells promoted cell invasion and migration in vitro, as well as BoM in vivo. Mechanistically, we discovered that NSCLC cell-derived exosomal lncRNA-SOX2OT modulated osteoclast differentiation and stimulated BoM by targeting the miRNA-194-5p/RAC1 signalling axis and TGF-β/pTHrP/RANKL signalling pathway in osteoclasts. In conclusion, exosomal lncRNA-SOX2OT plays a crucial role in promoting BoM and may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and treatment target in metastatic NSCLC.
Profiling the small non-coding RNA transcriptome of the human placenta
Authors: Martinez Victor D. , Cohn David E. , Telkar Nikita , Minatel Brenda C. , Pewarchuk Michelle E. , Marshall Erin A. , Price E. Magda , Robinson Wendy P. , Lam Wan L.
Published: July 2021

Proper functioning of the human placenta is critical for maternal and fetal health. While microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to impact placental gene expression, the effects of other small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) on the placental transcriptome are not well-established, and are emerging topics in the study of environmental influence on fetal development and reproductive health. Here, we assembled a cohort of 30 placental chorionic villi samples of varying gestational ages (M ± SD = 23.7 ± 11.3 weeks) to delineate the human placental sncRNA transcriptome through small RNA sequence analysis. We observed expression of 1544 sncRNAs, which include 48 miRNAs previously unannotated in humans. Additionally, 18,003 miRNA variants (isomiRs) were identified from the 654 observed miRNA species. This characterization of the term and pre-term placental sncRNA transcriptomes provides data fundamental to future investigations of their regulatory functions in the human placenta, and the baseline expression pattern needed for identifying changes in response to environmental factors, or under disease conditions.
A ‘dynamic adder model’ for cell size homeostasis in Dictyostelium cells
Authors: Tanaka Masahito , Kitanishi-Yumura Toshiko , Yumura Shigehiko
Published: July 2021

After a cell divides into two daughter cells, the total cell surface area of the daughter cells should increase to the original size to maintain cell size homeostasis in a single cell cycle. Previously, three models have been proposed to explain the regulation of cell size homeostasis: sizer, timer, and adder models. Here, we precisely measured the total cell surface area of Dictyostelium cells in a whole cell cycle by using the agar-overlay method, which eliminated the influence of surface membrane reservoirs, such as microvilli and membrane wrinkles. The total cell surface area exponentially increased during interphase, slightly decreased at metaphase, and then increased by approximately 20% during cytokinesis. From the analysis of the added surface area, we concluded that the cell size was regulated by the adder or near-adder model in interphase. This adder model is not caused by a simple cell membrane addition, but is more dynamic due to the rapid cell membrane turnover. We propose a ‘dynamic adder model’ to explain cell size homeostasis in interphase.
Comparison of choroidal thickness measurements between spectral domain optical coherence tomography and swept source optical coherence tomography in children
Authors: Lee Chun On , Zhang Xiujuan , Yuan Nan , Tang Shumin , Chen Li Jia , Cheung Carol Y. , Yam Jason C.
Published: July 2021

Choroidal thickness is associated with many ocular conditions, interchangeability among different generations of optical coherence tomography is therefore important for both research purpose and clinical application. Hence, we compared choroidal thickness measurements between spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in healthy paediatric eyes. A total of 114 children from the population-based Hong Kong Children Eye Study with mean age of 7.38 ± 0.82 years were included. Choroidal thickness of the right eye was measured by both devices. The central foveal choroidal thickness (CFCT) measured by SD-OCT and SS-OCT was 273.24 ± 54.29 μm and 251.84 ± 47.12 μm respectively. Inter-device correlation coefficient was 0.840 (95% CI 0.616–0.918). However, choroidal thickness obtained by SD-OCT was significantly thicker than that measured by SS-OCT with a mean difference of 21.40 ± 33.13 μm (P < 0.001). Bland–Altman limit of agreement on the relative difference scale for SD-OCT/SS-OCT was 86.33 μm. Validated conversion equation for translating SD-OCT CFCT measurement into SS-OCT was SS-OCT = 35.261 + 0.810 × SD-OCT. In conclusion, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) shows an acceptable agreement between SD-OCT and SS-OCT, however, there was a significant inter-device difference of choroidal thickness measurements in normal children eyes. Therefore, the measurements are not interchangeable.
Enhanced laser-driven proton acceleration via improved fast electron heating in a controlled pre-plasma
Authors: Gizzi Leonida A. , Boella Elisabetta , Labate Luca , Baffigi Federica , Bilbao Pablo J. , Brandi Fernando , Cristoforetti Gabriele , Fazzi Alberto , Fulgentini Lorenzo , Giove Dario , Koester Petra , Palla Daniele , Tomassini Paolo
Published: July 2021

The interaction of ultraintense laser pulses with solids is largely affected by the plasma gradient at the vacuum–solid interface, which modifies the absorption and ultimately, controls the energy distribution function of heated electrons. A micrometer scale-length plasma has been predicted to yield a significant enhancement of the energy and weight of the fast electron population and to play a major role in laser-driven proton acceleration with thin foils. We report on recent experimental results on proton acceleration from laser interaction with foil targets at ultra-relativistic intensities. We show a threefold increase of the proton cut-off energy when a micrometer scale-length pre-plasma is introduced by irradiation with a low energy femtosecond pre-pulse. Our realistic numerical simulations agree with the observed gain of the proton cut-off energy and confirm the role of stochastic heating of fast electrons in the enhancement of the accelerating sheath field.
Optimal distribution of piezoelectric patches for active vibration reduction of a thick plate using singular value decomposition approach
Authors: Nadi Azin , Mahzoon Mojtaba , Azadi Yazdi Ehsan
Published: July 2021

This paper uses the singular value decomposition approach to find the optimal distribution of a set of piezoelectric actuators and sensors in order to suppress the vibrations of a thick plate. The dynamic model of the system is derived using Mindlin plate theory and consequently, the finite difference method is employed to divide the thick plate to a finite number of nodes with appropriate horizontal and vertical distances. To compute the control force of piezoelectric actuators, the singular value decomposition approach for the column control matrix is supposed as the fitness function of an optimization problem. Through a genetic algorithm, the optimized solution is obtained. The results of numerical simulations indicate the optimal location achieved by the proposed method outperforms the previous results in suppressing the vibrations of a thick plate.
Validation and factor analysis of the parental bonding instrument in Japanese pregnant women
Authors: Sato Maya , Okada Takashi , Morikawa Mako , Nakamura Yukako , Yamauchi Aya , Ando Masahiko , Ozaki Norio
Published: July 2021

The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) evaluates parental attitudes derived from an individual’s childhood experiences with their parents. The factor structure of the PBI differs depending on variables such as psychosocial factors including culture, race, sex, and psychological and social conditions of participants. Although previous studies of the relationships between perinatal depression and parenting experiences have used the factor structures of the PBI from the general population, it is unclear whether the same factor structures are appropriate in the highly variable perinatal period. In this study, complete responses to the PBI and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were received from 932 primiparas at 25 weeks of gestation and at 1 month postpartum. An exploratory factor analysis was performed on half of the responses, and it was confirmed that the three factors were care, interference, and autonomy. Confirmatory factor analysis of the remaining half of the answers showed comprehensible fitness. Each factor showed a high degree of internal consistency, and each factor of the PBI correlated with the EPDS, indicating construct validity. The reliability and validity of the PBI in perinatal Japanese women were confirmed, and it was found that the PBI had a three-factor structure.
Blood group AB increases risk for surgical necrotizing enterocolitis and focal intestinal perforation in preterm infants with very low birth weight
Authors: Martynov I. , Göpel W. , Rausch T. K. , Härtel C. , Franke A. , Franz A. R. , Viemann D. , Thome U. H. , Lacher M. , Ackermann B. W.
Published: July 2021

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and focal intestinal perforation (FIP) are two of the most common emergencies of the gastrointestinal tract in preterm infants with very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight < 1500 g). Identification of risk factors among these children is crucial for earlier diagnosis and prompt intervention. In this study, we investigated a relationship between ABO blood groups and the risk for surgical NEC/FIP. We genotyped the ABO locus (rs8176746 and rs8176719) in VLBW infants enrolled in a prospective, population-based cohort study of the German Neonatal Network (GNN). Of the 10,257 VLBW infants, 441 (4.3%) had surgical NEC/FIP. In univariate analyses, the blood group AB was more prevalent in VLBW infants with surgical NEC/FIP compared to non-AB blood groups (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.07–2.13, p = 0.017; absolute risk difference 2.01%, 95% CI 0.06–3.96%). The association between blood group AB and surgical NEC/FIP was observed in a multivariable logistic regression model (OR of 1.58, 95% CI 1.10–2.26, p = 0.013) as well. In summary, our study suggests that the risk of surgical NEC and FIP is higher in patients with blood group AB and lower in those having non-AB blood groups.
Membrane vesicles of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus JB-1 contain immunomodulatory lipoteichoic acid and are endocytosed by intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Champagne-Jorgensen Kevin , Mian M. Firoz , McVey Neufeld Karen-Anne , Stanisz Andrew M. , Bienenstock John
Published: July 2021

Intestinal bacteria have diverse and complex influence on their host. Evidence is accumulating that this may be mediated in part by bacterial extracellular membrane vesicles (MV), nanometer-sized particles important for intercellular communication. Little is known about the composition of MV from gram-positive beneficial bacteria nor how they interact with intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). Here we demonstrate that MV from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus JB-1 are endocytosed in a likely clathrin-dependent manner by both mouse and human IEC in vitro and by mouse IEC in vivo. We further show that JB-1 MV contain lipoteichoic acid (LTA) that activates Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and induces immunoregulatory interleukin-10 expression by dendritic cells in an internalization-dependent manner. By contrast, neither LTA nor TLR2 appear to be required for JB-1 MV endocytosis by IEC. These results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which bacterial MV can influence host physiology and suggest one potential route for beneficial influence of certain bacteria and probiotics.
Management of indeterminate hepatic nodules and evaluation of factors predicting their malignant potential in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: D’Silva Mizelle , Cho Jai Young , Han Ho-Seong , Yerlan Taupyk , Yoon Yoo-Seok , Lee Hae Won , Lee Jun Suh , Lee Boram , Kim Moonhwan
Published: July 2021

Some liver nodules remain indeterminate despite hepatocyte-specific contrast MRI in patients with colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). Our objective was to study the natural course and evaluate possible treatment strategies for indeterminate nodules. We retrospectively evaluated patients in whom MRI revealed ‘indeterminate’ or ‘equivocal’ nodules between January 2008 and October 2018. Patients were followed up until October 2019 or until death (median, 18 months; (1–130 months)). The incidence of patients with indeterminate nodules on MRI was 15.4% (60 of 389). The sensitivity and specificity of intraoperative ultrasound for detecting indeterminate nodules were 73.68% and 93.75%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 96.6%. Over half of the patients followed up had benign nodules (58.8%). By comparing characteristics of patients with benign or malignant nodules in the follow up group, the ratio of positive lymph nodes to total number of lymph nodes resected (pLNR) was significantly greater in patients with malignant nodules (P = 0.006). Intraoperative ultrasound could be considered as an adjunct to MRI in patients with indeterminate nodules owing to its high positive predictive value. The pLNR could be used to help select which patients can undergo conservative therapy, at least in metachronous CRLM.
Patterning of interconnected human brain spheroids
Authors: Kim Jae Jung , Jorfi Mehdi , Tanzi Rudolph E. , Kim Doo Yeon , Doyle Patrick S. , Irimia Daniel
Published: July 2021

Brain spheroids connected through channels at the bottom of microwells facilitate replication of pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease in vitro.
In situ construction of 3D TiO2 photoelectrode with multilevel facet heterojunctions towards the efficient removal of bisphenol A
Authors: Hu Yiqiong , Gu Xiaotong , Zhao Guohua , Zhang Ya-nan
Published: July 2021

A rutile TiO2 photoelectrode with a 3D configuration and multilevel facet heterojunction {110}/{101}/{111} for the effective and stable oxidation of bisphenol A.
Rapid simultaneous removal of cationic dyes and Cr(vi) by boron cluster polyaniline with a target site
Authors: Li Xue , Zhao Xue , Li Xiaohua , Jia Xiuxiu , Chang Fengqin , Zhang Haibo , Hu Guangzhi
Published: July 2021

The stable physicochemical properties of PA/B12 obtained by an ion exchange technique combined with polyaniline (PA) and closo-[B12H12]2− (B12) can realize rapid kinetic adsorption and complete removal of Cr(vi) and cationic dye pollutants at low concentrations.
Gating the conductance of extended metal atom chains: a computational analysis of Ru3(dpa)4(NCS)2 and [Ru3(npa)4(NCS)2]
Authors: Spivak Mariano , de Graaf Coen , Arcisauskaite Vaida , López Xavier
Published: July 2021

The conductance of EMACs is tuned with the presence of electropositive/-negative atoms acting as gate electrodes by DFT calculations.
Thermoplastic silicone elastomers from divanillin crosslinkers in a catalyst-free process
Authors: Bui Robert , Brook Michael A.
Published: July 2021

Silicone elastomers are typically thermosets that are difficult to recycle or repurpose.
A round robin test for total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis using preselected and well characterized samples
Authors: Unterumsberger Rainer , Beckhoff Burkhard , Gross Armin , Stosnach Hagen , Nowak Sascha , Stenzel Yannick P. , Krämer Markus , von Bohlen Alex
Published: July 2021

A TXRF round robin test using preselected micro- and nanoscaled samples has been performed and shows excellent results, demonstrating the strength and reliability of the TXRF method when decoupled from unfavorable sample preparations.
A computational scheme for evaluating the phosphorescence quantum efficiency: applied to blue-emitting tetradentate Pt(ii) complexes
Authors: Wang Yu , Peng Qian , Shuai Zhigang
Published: July 2021

Phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) are leading candidates for displays or lighting technologies.
Electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma-related biomarkers
Authors: Shi Xianhua , Chen Linxi , Chen Siyi , Sun Duanping
Published: July 2021

Recent progress in electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of HCC-related biomarkers, including cancer cells, proteins, cell-derived exosomes, and nucleic acids, is reviewed.
A search for transiting companions in the J1407 (V1400 Cen) system
Authors: Barmentloo S. , Dik C. , Kenworthy M. A. , Mamajek E. E. , Hambsch F.-J. , Reichart D. E. , Rodriguez J. E. , van Dam D. M.
Published: July 2021

Context. In 2007, the young star 1SWASP J140747.93-394 542.6 (V1400 Cen) underwent a complex series of deep eclipses over 56 days. This was attributed to the transit of a ring system filling a large fraction of the Hill sphere of an unseen substellar companion. Subsequent photometric monitoring has not found any other deep transits from this candidate ring system, but if there are more substellar companions and if they are coplanar with the potential ring system, there is a chance that they will transit the star as well. This young star is active, and the light curves show a 5% modulation in amplitude with a dominant rotation period of 3.2 days due to starspots rotating into and out of view.

Aims. We model and remove the rotational modulation of the J1407 light curve and search for additional transit signatures of substellar companions orbiting around J1407.

Methods. We combine the photometry of J1407 from several observatories, spanning a 19 yr baseline. We remove the rotational modulation by modeling the variability as a periodic signal, whose periodicity changes slowly with time over several years due to the activity cycle of the star. A transit least squares (TLS) analysis is used to search for any periodic transiting signals within the cleaned light curve.

Results. We identify an activity cycle of J1407 with a period of 5.4 yr. A TLS search does not find any plausible periodic eclipses in the light curve, from 1.2% amplitude at 5 days up to 1.9% at 20 days. This sensitivity is confirmed by injecting artificial transits into the light curve and determining the recovery fraction as a function of transit depth and orbital period.

Conclusions. J1407 is confirmed as a young active star with an activity cycle consistent with a rapidly rotating solar mass star. With the rotational modulation removed, the TLS analysis reaches down to planetary mass radii for young exoplanets, ruling out transiting companions with radii larger than about 1 RJup.
Boundary controllability of a system modelling a partially immersed obstacle
Authors: Vergara-Hermosilla G. , Leugering G. , Wang Y.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we address the problem of boundary controllability for the one-dimensional nonlinear shallow water system, describing the free surface flow of water as well as the flow under a fixed gate structure. The system of differential equations considered can be interpreted as a simplified model of a particular type of wave energy device converter called oscillating water column. The physical requirements naturally lead to the problem of exact controllability in a prescribed region. In particular, we use the concept of nodal profile controllability in which at a given point (the node) time-dependent profiles for the states are required to be reachable by boundary controls. By rewriting the system into a hyperbolic system with nonlocal boundary conditions, we at first establish the semi-global classical solutions of the system, then get the local controllability and nodal profile using a constructive method. In addition, based on this constructive process, we provide an algorithmic concept to calculate the required boundary control function for generating a solution for solving these control problem.
Determination of the ball mills performance, taking into account the particle size of the finished product
Authors: Sharapov Rashid
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the issue of determining the newly formed specific surface of the cement clinker taking into account the lateral surface of the seal area. When developing this technique, the assumption that the newly formed particles have a shape close to spherical, has been made. The obtained ratio determines the work that considers the formation of thecement clinker material new surface, depending on the size of the original and newly formed material. An arithmetic expression is given, defined as the minimum amount of energy that must be introduced into the deformation zone for the destruction of a cement clinker particle to occur. The presented technique is specified taking into account the fact that defects are introduced into the crushed material particle. Taking into account the fact that the grinding ball makes an impact in one cycle of its movement, the value of the newly formed surface of the material in the ball mill is determined in one hour of its operation.
Stress-strain state of concrete filled steel tubular columns of annular cross-section taking into account physical nonlinearity
Authors: Khashkhozhev Kazbek , Chepurnenko Anton , Polyakova Tatyana , Grigoryan Marina , Yazyev Batyr
Published: July 2021

The article presents the derivation of the resolving equations for calculating concrete filled steel tubular columns with an annular cross-section under central compression, taking into account physical nonlinearity. The solution is performed numerically by the finite difference method. The deformation theory of plasticity of concrete by G.A. Geniev is used as the law of deformation
Estimation of the industrial building reinforced concrete beams’ residual life under corrosive media influence
Authors: Gritsenko Boris , Pshenichkina Valeria , Glukhov Anton , Sidorova Natalia
Published: July 2021

The dominant factor determining chemical industry objects’ durability is the corrosive wear of the stretched reinforcement and the compressed zone of concrete. The article presents a methodology and results of a numerical assessment of the residual life of the reinforced concrete frame beams of an industrial building operating in an aggressive environment. According to the full-scale engineering survey results, the most damaged frame structures - the beams of the intermediate floors were identified. The period of concrete protective layer complete neutralization, the degree of corrosion damage to the working reinforcement, the compressed concrete neutralized layer depth, the change in its strength characteristics with depth and the degree of its heterogeneity were determined by the field measurements using the standard and non-standard methods of non-destructive testing. A linear law of the accumulation of corrosion damage to concrete in the compressed zone and the rate of corrosion damage in the working reinforcement after the concrete protective properties’ exhaustion is adopted. A normative design apparatus is used for the first group of limiting states in relation to the most loaded section. For an adequate assessment and prediction of the residual resource, the main emphasis is on experimental and diagnostic methods.
The use of piles with an adjustable operation mode to restraint the shaft sinking systems’ supporting structures
Authors: Prokopov Albert , Prokopova Marina , Medvedev Andrey
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the problem of ensuring the stability of grillages and pile foundations used to hold shaft sinking systems during the construction of vertical subway shafts. The features of such foundations’ operation in the process of shaft sinking are investigated, in contrast to similar structures that receive pressure from a building under construction. The importance of taking into account the mutual influence of shaft sinking and pile foundations of the shaft sinking systems’ supporting structures is shown. The design of bored piles and the technological scheme of mortar injection are proposed, which provide a change in the operating mode of pile foundations and regulation of its bearing capacity.
General case of reinforced concrete rod elements calculation using the diagram method
Authors: Radaykin Oleg , Sabitov Linar , Akhtyamova Leysan , Arakcheev Timur
Published: July 2021

In ВС 63.13330 the general calculation case for the diagram method is oblique off-center compression, which takes into account only three components of internal force factors in the cross section: the longitudinal force - Nz– and two bending moments relative to the corresponding axes – Mxand My. The other three components-the QX and Qy transfer forces and the MZ torque – are left out of consideration. In addition, for this case, the search in the available literature, including the founders of the diagram method, for the output of calculation formulas, was not successful – in all sources they are given in ready-made form without evidence. This article is intended to try filling in these gaps. For this purpose, based on the expressions for rod displacements that are generally accepted in mechanics, in particular on the Mora integral of displacements, the resolving expressions of the diagram method are obtained in the most general form.
Scientific and methodological support for tower structures creation and improvement
Authors: Sabitov Linar , Mayilyan Levon , Timerbaev Nail , Akhtyamova Leysan , Zaripov Marsel
Published: July 2021

In accordance with the decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 899 of July 7, 2011, a list of critical technologies has been approved in our country, among which there are “technologies for creating energy-saving systems for the transportation, distribution and energy use” [1]. First of all, we are talking here about electrical energy, and in the composition of these systems it is possible to distinguish not only the electrical part, but also the component associated with the construction infrastructure organization. For the economy development in the technological area under consideration, appropriate scientific and methodological support is necessary, personnel who have mastered this support, then the formation of new or the use of the existing relevant organizational structures in the ministries of construction and energy, in the design business and in production, and ultimately all of the above-mentioned follows consolidate at the laws and standards’ level. The place of the authors’ research in this development strategy is the development of scientific and methodological support for the creation of tower structures for energy sector. The intermediate result of these studies is the monograph [2]. The topic was further developed in the articles [3–16].
Algorithm for parametric optimization of a trapezoidal wooden truss on metal tooth plates
Authors: Zhurtov Artur , Hezhev Tolya , Kardangushev Artur , Nastuyev Muslim , Osmanov Ismail
Published: July 2021

The article presents the research results on of a trapezoidal wooden truss with ascending braces on metal tooth plates parametric optimization. A deterministic algorithm has been developed and a program has been compiled that allows you to find the optimal parameters of the truss from the condition of minimizing the volume of wood, for given initial conditions. The optimal parameters for a truss with a span of 24 meters at a given value of the external load are revealed, diagrams of the dependence of the objective function on the varied parameters are drawn.
Numerical methodology for determining the soil mass surface slump, caused by the tunnel construction with the geodetic monitoring results comparison
Authors: Kositsyn Sergei , Akulich Vladimir
Published: July 2021

The work is aimed at determining the construction effect of a running tunnel on the stress-strain state change of the surrounding soil massif, in particular, on the development of a sediment basin on the Earth’s surface. The soil massif is defined by an elastoplastic material according to the Drucker - Prager model. The paper proposes two numerical methods for solving the problem: with and without the use of contact elements for modeling the construction gap between the tunnel shell and the soil mass caused by the tunnel boring mechanized complex operation. The proposed methods were applied in the construction of Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line tunnels of the Moscow subway. A comparative analysis of the results obtained with geodetic monitoring of the Earth’s surface slump in the construction influence zone has been carried out.
Harmony and disharmony as the architectural appearance features of the city
Authors: Mayatskaya Irina , Yazyev Batyr , Yazyeva Svetlana
Published: July 2021

Architecture in the world obeys the laws of symmetry and asymmetry, harmony and disharmony, and, of course, the principles of the golden section. The use of digital technology and innovation allows modern architects to design the structures that have a harmonious style and harmoniously fit into the environment. It is necessary to widely introduce the three-dimensional modeling methods into practice for more effective modern cities’ architectural appearance creation.
Construction of a high-rise unique residential building in the context of the old airport territory renovation in Rostov-on-Don
Authors: Sheina Svetlana , Maximenko Yurii , Danilenko Aleksandr , Belash Vladimir
Published: July 2021

The article examines the specifics of the abandoned industrial areas renovation in modern conditions. The examples of such territories’ renovation in the world and Russian practice and the methods of its implementation in the conditions of urban development on the old airport territory example in Rostov-on-Don are studied. The methodology for the territorial pre-investment assessment for the unique high-rise residential building construction has been developed. The option of constructing a unique high-rise residential building in the selected area is considered.
Actual problems of the design documentation development for capital repairs or reconstruction of capital structural facilities
Authors: Muradyan Viktor , Efimenko Ekaterina
Published: July 2021

The article discusses some urgent problems that designers face when developing design documentation for overhaul or reconstruction of capital structural facilities using the example of the object “The pool overhaul at the address: Rostov-on-Don”.
Cartographic attribution of medieval Alan cities according to medieval written sources and archaeological research materials
Authors: Treyman Julia
Published: July 2021

This article is devoted to the study of the medieval Alania settlements in the X-XII centuries, mentioned in medieval written sources. The issue of territorial localization of the Alanian cities described in medieval texts is highlighted. A hypothesis according to which Alania was a union of four independent regions with cultural and political centers in the X-XII centuries is described. The first region (western region) occupied the territory of mountains and foothills in the gorges of the rivers Kuban, Teberda, Aksauta, Marukha, Maly Zelenchuk, Bolshoy Zelenchuk, Kyafar, Urup, Bolshaya Laba. The cultural and political center of the region was located on the territory of the Nizhne-Arkhyz settlement. The second area was located on the territory of the foothills in the valleys of the river. Kuma and R. Podkumka. This area is formed by a complex of settlements headed by the Rim-mountain settlement. The third region, headed by the Verkhne-Dzhulat settlement, existed on the river Tereke. The fourth region, formed by a complex of settlements headed by the Alkhan-Kalinsky settlement, was located on the river Sunzhe. The capital city of Maas, mentioned by the Arab traveler Al-Masudi, most likely existed on the territory of the western pro-Byzantine region of Alania in the area of the present Nizhne-Arkhyz settlement.
The problem of architectural complexes’ restoration in modern conditions
Authors: Mayatskaya Irina , Yazyeva Svetlana
Published: July 2021

Laser scanning is a modern method of obtaining spatial data. It is possible to get an exact three-dimensional digital copy of the scanned object using this method. It is necessary to preserve the monuments of architecture, restore the complexes of unique structures. This direction in architecture which allows restoring and preserving buildings of architectural heritage is relevant. The use of digital technology and innovation is making the recovery process more efficient. It is necessary to widely introduce three-dimensional modeling methods into practice.
The role of Soviet modernism objects in the formation of Rostov-on-Don silhouette along the Don River embankment
Authors: Ivanova-Ilyicheva Anna , Sidorenko Nadezhda
Published: July 2021

The active use of the landscape features in urban areas for the architectural environment formation has become a topical method of urban planning in the USSR. Developed in the late 1960s the new master plans for the large cities in the country primarily emphasized the existing natural features. Rostov-on-Don was no exception. Here, the main principle of urban planning in the early 1970s began to focus on the urban development disclosure in the direction of the Don River, which continued the tradition of the general plan of the 1930s and the post-war reconstruction concept. It was planned to demolish the dilapidated and warehouse buildings that had built up the slope descending from the city to the river, as well as to preserve the valuable historical sites and create the new structures in the form of modernism. The article analyzes the principles of the formation of silhouette buildings in Rostov-on-Don from the central embankment side. In the course of field studies and photographs, a panorama of the central embankment of the 1970-1980s city was compiled, the planning of the panorama, spatial landmarks and axes were revealed. The objects of modernism participating in the silhouette creation are analyzed as well as their role is determined depending on their location relative to the river (on the embankment, on the slope, in the central building). Unrealized structures of the 1970s, revealing the general principles of building spatial landmarks, have been studied.
Practical quality monitoring of bituminous binders used at federal highways construction
Authors: Chernov Sergey , Eremenko Evgeny , Shiryaev Nikita
Published: July 2021

The work is devoted to the applied bitumen binders’ quality practical monitoring results at construction sites, repair and reconstruction of highways in the Russian Federation at all the production and technological stages, from their manufacture by the supplier, including transportation and storage, and ending with their use in the production of asphalt concrete mixtures. The quality control of bituminous binders was carried out according to the modern methods of Russia and abroad