bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
КУДА ИДЕ ТРАДИЦИОНАЛНИ ТЕАТАР - КУЛТУРА И МЕДИЈИ
Authors: Ђерић Зоран
Published: December 2017

За Пољаке, 2015. година је сва у знаку позоришта: 250година од оснивања Народног позоришта у Варшави и исто толи-ко година од јавног коришћења позоришта, 130 година од рођењаавангардног драмског писца Станислава Игнација Виткјевича(Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewiecz, 1885-1939), и 100 година од рођења Та-деуша Кантора (Tadeusz Kantor, 1915-1990). Кантор је био сликар,сценограф, аутор хепенинга, режисер, писац, теоретичар драме, глу-мац. Ипак, његово стваралаштво не може да обухвати ниједан одових конвенционалних назива. С друге стране, тешко је о Канторуговорити као о типично пољском ствараоцу. Иако је цео живот биовезан за Краков, срастао са пољском традицијом и историјом, из-лагао је и стварао по целом свету. Припада ствараоцима који су саразних крајева света почели крајем 40-их да граде уметничкеформације касније препознате као нова или друга авангарда XX ве-ка.
ОД ДРАМЕ КА ТЕКСТУ ПРЕДСТАВЕ – ИСТОРИЈСКИ ОСВРТ НА УЛОГУ ДРАМСКОГ ТЕКСТА И ПОКУШАЈ САГЛЕДАВАЊА МОГУЋИХ ПРАВАЦА АЛТЕРНАТИВНИХ ПОЗОРИШНИХ ФОРМИ
Authors: Глишић Наташа
Published: December 2017

Полазећи од Девињоове тврдње да је позориштеуметност чији се корени налазе у друштвеном животу, сва померањаи промене у друштвеном окружењу (политичком, економском,социјалном, техничко-технолошком) рефлектују се и на позориште.За разлику од извођачких пракси Истока, западно позориште одантичког периода, систематизованог у Аристотелово теоријско делоО песничкој уметности или Поетика (око 330. године п.н.е.), одређеноје доминацијом драмског текста. На преласку 20. у 21. век, западнакултура доживљава преиспитивање доминације језика, јер је створенаједна потпуно нова врста писмености – интернет која нас је увелау интерактивно поље дигиталне ере. Савремени теоретичари управопокушавају да нагласе нелитерарне аспекте драматургије, a овај радће покушати да дâ историјски преглед досадашњих театарскихпракси и наговештај онога што би могло да се деси у 21. веку, изперспективе средине друге деценије. Сагледавања перспективаПолазећи од Девињоове тврдње да је позориштеуметност чији се корени налазе у друштвеном животу, сва померањаи промене у друштвеном окружењу (политичком, економском,социјалном, техничко-технолошком) рефлектују се и на позориште.За разлику од извођачких пракси Истока, западно позориште одантичког периода, систематизованог у Аристотелово теоријско делоО песничкој уметности или Поетика (око 330. године п.н.е.), одређеноје доминацијом драмског текста. На преласку 20. у 21. век, западнакултура доживљава преиспитивање доминације језика, јер је створенаједна потпуно нова врста писмености – интернет која нас је увелау интерактивно поље дигиталне ере. Савремени теоретичари управопокушавају да нагласе нелитерарне аспекте драматургије, a овај радће покушати да дâ историјски преглед досадашњих театарскихпракси и наговештај онога што би могло да се деси у 21. веку, изперспективе средине друге деценије. Сагледавања перспектива
УПРАВНИК ИЛИ МЕФИСТО НАШЕГ ПОЗОРИШТА
Authors: Млађеновић Миливоје
Published: December 2017

У раду се разматра функција управника у позориш-ном систему Србије. Полазиште је оцена да се управничка стратегијау српском театру креће од романтизиране визије интуитивног по-зоришног генија и савремене менаџерске концепције управљањакоја подразумева строгост уређеног позоришног система. Надаљесе у раду фигура управника позоришта, која је увек на ветромети-ни унутрашњих и спољашњих удара, посматра из перспективесрпског глумца двадесетог века као најизразитијег репрезентаунутрашње опреке делатности управника, али и најефикаснији ко-ректор његовор рада. На метафоричком плану, релација глумац ‒управник посматра као однос Фауста и Мефиста. На крају рада датје кратак преглед добитника награде „Никола Петровић“ која седодељује најбољем позоришном менаџеру, јединственог признањакојим се вреднује комплексни ангажман управника позоришта.
ПОСТМОДЕРНА ПОЕТИКА ТРАНСПОЗИЦИЈЕ. КЛАСИЧНОГ У САВРЕМЕНИ ПОЗОРИШНИ ТЕКСТ И АКТАНЦИЈАЛНИ МОДЕЛ У ДРАМИ: „ХАСАНАГИНИЦА“ ЉУБОМИРА СИМОВИЋА
Authors: Грандић Александар
Published: December 2017

У овом раду разматрана је структура поступка умет-ничког обликовања Љубомира Симовића у драми: „Хасанагиница“,при чему је пуна пажња посвећена утицајима најстаријих забеле-жених облика ове народне баладе, док је на темељима театролош-ких истраживања Ан Иберсфелд и Предрага Лазаревића успостављенсхематски приказ актанцијалних модела и предочена њихова тек-стуална функција.
ДРАМА И ПОЗОРНИЦА У ТЕАТРОЛОШКИМ СТУДИЈАМА БРАНКА БРЂАНИНА
Authors: Симовић Раде
Published: December 2017

Бранко Брђанин је један од ријетких позоришних дјелатникаРепублике Српске који се досљедно и истрајно бави „судбином“ одно-са драмског текста и позорнице у контексту свјетске и домаће драме ипозоришта. Широк је дијапазон његовог истраживања: од драматурш-ких паралела и утицаја, преко театрографских истраживања, до сав-ременог конципирања репертоара, културне историје и политике на-ционалних позоришта. Доминира компаративно виђење проблема укоме се, као запретена „стајна тачка“ подразумијева будућност позо-ришног живота Републике Српске, по више основа, од односа текста ипозорнице до његове будуће продукције, културне дипломатије, ирепертоарско-управљачке политике.
Национална или народна позоришта – између традиционалних и савремених модела и образаца дјеловања
Authors: Љумовић Јанко
Published: December 2017

Посебан значај у контекстурасправа о позоришном систему,као и изазовима промјене тради-ционалних модела позоришнепродукције, имају националнаили народна позоришта која имајуи највећу одговорност у друшт-ву за развој позоришне умјетностии културе у односу на модел јавнеподршке коју имају у постојећимусловима субвенције, али и у од-носу на ресурсе којима распола-жу.
ПОЗОРИШТЕ ЈЕ, ИПАК, ИГРА!
Authors: Шукало Младен
Published: December 2017

Четири пуне деценије профе-сионалног бављења позориштем,и у око три стотине разних тек-стова (биљешки, приказа, крити-ка, расправа и студија), сталносам се питао шта је традиционал-ност како у култури уопште, та-ко и у позоришту.
ПРИВИЛЕГИЈЕ ЕЛИТИЗМА И НОВИ ПУРИТАНЦИ
Authors: Брадић Небојша
Published: December 2017

Позориште у Србији је у хао-су. Оно је јадно финансирано иудаљено од новчаних извора. Али,то не сме да се каже. „Ћутите илинећете добити ништа.“ Примећујемода уметност ионако не добијаништа. Јавне субвенције намењенепозориштима умањене су до тач-ке која угрожава опстанак. А он-да, уметнике оптужују због тогашто придају превише пажње не-достатку новца. „Пара за култу-ру има, али се оне арче!“ ‒ омиљенаје реченица надлежног министар-ства.
ПРОЈЕКТНО УПРАВЉАЊЕ ПОЗОРИШНОМ ПРОДУКЦИЈОМ
Authors: Бабић Милош
Published: December 2017

У раду се залажемо да се позоришна продукција пројектноодвија, те ћемо у прилог изнети низ предности оваквог рада, а ис-то тако саопштити резултате примењених пројектних стратегија уреализацији неколико позоришних представа.
КУЛТУРА И МЕДИЈИ
Authors: Кецман Лука
Published: December 2017

У фокусу овога рада је однос медија и културе, гледа-но кроз призму информације као основног извора сазнавања иучења. Протеривање уметности са страница штампаних медија иминималне минутаже у електронским, доводи до тога да је данасна сцени доминација субкултуре и њених рецидива. Посебна пажњаје посвећена преобликовању једнога догађаја у форму и садржај ка-кав је подобан а не потребан и истинит. Закључци се понајвише од-носе на медијски простор Републике Српске и БиХ, али се могу при-менити и на регион.
Disentangling Diagenesis From the Rock Record: An Example From the Permo‐Triassic Wordie Creek Formation, East Greenland
Authors: Roberts J. , Turchyn A. V. , Wignall P. B. , Newton R. J. , Vane C. H.
Published: December 2017

The measurement of isotope ratios in sedimentary rocks deposited over geological time can provide key insights to past environmental change over important intervals in the past. However, it is important to be aware that secondary alteration can overprint the original isotopic records. We demonstrate this principle using high‐resolution carbon, sulfur, and oxygen isotope measurements in organic carbon, pyrite, and carbonate minerals (δ13Corg, δ34Spyr, δ34SCAS, δ13Ccarb, and δ18Ocarb) and kerogen analyses (HI and OI) from the Wordie Creek Formation, East Greenland. These sediments were initially deposited across the Permo‐Triassic transition, but as we will show, the carbonate record has been altered by interaction with meteoric water significantly after initial deposition. Comparison of the better preserved organic carbon and pyrite records with a proximal Permo‐Triassic sequence reveals significant pyrite‐sulfur isotope variability across the Permo‐Triassic transition. This regional heterogeneity argues against basin‐wide euxinia and instead suggests localized changes in sulfur fractionation in response to variations in organic carbon flux. This hypothesis can be used to explain seemingly inconsistent regional trends in other sulfur isotopes across the Permo‐Triassic transition.
Current and Future Decadal Trends in the Oceanic Carbon Uptake Are Dominated by Internal Variability
Authors: Li Hongmei , Ilyina Tatiana
Published: December 2017

We investigate the internal decadal variability of the ocean carbon uptake using 100 ensemble simulations based on the Max Planck Institute Earth system model (MPI‐ESM). We find that on decadal time scales, internal variability (ensemble spread) is as large as the forced temporal variability (ensemble mean), and the largest internal variability is found in major carbon sink regions, that is, the 50–65°S band of the Southern Ocean, the North Pacific, and the North Atlantic. The MPI‐ESM ensemble produces both positive and negative 10 year trends in the ocean carbon uptake in agreement with observational estimates. Negative decadal trends are projected to occur in the future under RCP4.5 scenario. Due to the large internal variability, the Southern Ocean and the North Pacific require the most ensemble members (more than 53 and 46, respectively) to reproduce the forced decadal trends. This number increases up to 79 in future decades as CO2 emission trajectory changes.
Prediction of the Midlatitude Response to Strong Madden‐Julian Oscillation Events on S2S Time Scales
Authors: Tseng K.‐C. , Barnes E. A. , Maloney E. D.
Published: December 2017

The Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) forces strong variations in extratropical atmospheric circulations that have important implications for subseasonal‐to‐seasonal (S2S) prediction. In particular, certain MJO phases are characterized by a consistent modulation of geopotential height in the North Pacific and adjacent regions across different MJO events. Until recently, only limited research has examined the relationship between these robust MJO tropical‐extratropical teleconnections and model prediction skill. In this study, reanalysis data and numerical forecast model ensemble hindcasts are used to demonstrate that robust teleconnections in specific MJO phases and time lags are also characterized by excellent agreement in the prediction of geopotential height anomalies across model ensemble members at forecast leads of up to 3 weeks. These periods of enhanced prediction capabilities extend the possibility for skillful extratropical weather prediction beyond traditional 10–13 day limits.
The Impact of Parametric Uncertainties on Biogeochemistry in the E3SM Land Model
Authors: Ricciuto Daniel , Sargsyan Khachik , Thornton Peter
Published: December 2017

We conduct a global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM), land model (ELM) to calculate the sensitivity of five key carbon cycle outputs to 68 model parameters. This GSA is conducted by first constructing a Polynomial Chaos (PC) surrogate via new Weighted Iterative Bayesian Compressive Sensing (WIBCS) algorithm for adaptive basis growth leading to a sparse, high‐dimensional PC surrogate with 3,000 model evaluations. The PC surrogate allows efficient extraction of GSA information leading to further dimensionality reduction. The GSA is performed at 96 FLUXNET sites covering multiple plant functional types (PFTs) and climate conditions. About 20 of the model parameters are identified as sensitive with the rest being relatively insensitive across all outputs and PFTs. These sensitivities are dependent on PFT, and are relatively consistent among sites within the same PFT. The five model outputs have a majority of their highly sensitive parameters in common. A common subset of sensitive parameters is also shared among PFTs, but some parameters are specific to certain types (e.g., deciduous phenology). The relative importance of these parameters shifts significantly among PFTs and with climatic variables such as mean annual temperature.
Full Coupling Between the Atmosphere, Surface, and Subsurface for Integrated Hydrologic Simulation
Authors: Davison Jason Hamilton , Hwang Hyoun‐Tae , Sudicky Edward A. , Mallia Derek V. , Lin John C.
Published: December 2017

An ever increasing community of earth system modelers is incorporating new physical processes into numerical models. This trend is facilitated by advancements in computational resources, improvements in simulation skill, and the desire to build numerical simulators that represent the water cycle with greater fidelity. In this quest to develop a state‐of‐the‐art water cycle model, we coupled HydroGeoSphere (HGS), a 3‐D control‐volume finite element surface and variably saturated subsurface flow model that includes evapotranspiration processes, to the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model, a 3‐D finite difference nonhydrostatic mesoscale atmospheric model. The two‐way coupled model, referred to as HGS‐WRF, exchanges the actual evapotranspiration fluxes and soil saturations calculated by HGS to WRF; conversely, the potential evapotranspiration and precipitation fluxes from WRF are passed to HGS. The flexible HGS‐WRF coupling method allows for unique meshes used by each model, while maintaining mass and energy conservation between the domains. Furthermore, the HGS‐WRF coupling implements a subtime stepping algorithm to minimize computational expense. As a demonstration of HGS‐WRF's capabilities, we applied it to the California Basin and found a strong connection between the depth to the groundwater table and the latent heat fluxes across the land surface.
Biomimetic Copper Sulfide for Chemo‐Radiotherapy: Enhanced Uptake and Reduced Efflux of Nanoparticles for Tumor Cells under Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Yi Xuan , Chen Lei , Chen Jie , Maiti Debabrata , Chai Zhifang , Liu Zhuang , Yang Kai
Published: December 2017

Combined chemo‐radiotherapy is one of most widely applied treatments for clinical cancer therapy. Herein, it is found in this carefully designed study that ionizing radiation (e.g., X‐ray) can significantly increase the cell uptake of many different types of nanoparticles, and meanwhile obviously reduce their efflux. Such a phenomenon, which is not observed for small molecule drug such as doxorubicin (DOX), may be attributed to the X‐ray‐induced cell cycle change and upregulation of Caveolin‐1, a key protein in the caveolin‐dependent endocytosis pathway. Biomimetic copper sulfide nanoparticles, which are synthesized using melanin as the template and functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG), are then chosen as a platform for the combined chemo‐radiotherapy. Such CuS@Melanin‐PEG nanoparticles, while being able to load chemotherapeutics (e.g., DOX), can also act as a radiosensitizer to promote X‐ray induced cell apoptosis. In addition, although the overall tumor accumulation of CuS@Melanin‐PEG/DOX post intravenous injection is not significantly changed for tumors exposed to X‐ray, X‐ray radiation can result in obviously increased tumor cell uptake of drug‐loaded nanoparticles, subsequently leading to excellent synergistic antitumor therapeutic effect. A nanoplatform is developed with great performance in chemo‐radiotherapy, as well as uncovers a general synergistic mechanism particularly suitable for nanoparticle‐based chemo‐radiotherapy.
Mg–Al and Zn–Al Layered Double Hydroxides Promote Dynamic Expression of Marker Genes in Osteogenic Differentiation by Modulating Mitogen‐Activated Protein Kinases
Authors: Kang Ha Ram , da Costa Fernandes Célio Junior , da Silva Rodrigo Augusto , Constantino Vera Regina Leopoldo , Koh Ivan Hong Jun , Zambuzzi Willian F.
Published: December 2017

The effect of LDH samples comprised of chloride anions intercalated between positive layers of magnesium/aluminum (Mg‐Al LDH) or zinc/aluminum (Zn‐Al LDH) chemical composition on pre‐osteoblast performance is investigated. Non‐cytotoxic concentrations of both LDHs modulated pre‐osteoblast adhesion by triggering cytoskeleton rearrangement dependent on recruiting of Cofilin, which is modulated by the inhibition of the Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A), culminating in osteoblast differentiation with a significant increase of osteogenic marker genes. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) are significantly up‐modulated by both LDHs; however, Mg‐Al LDH nanomaterial promoted even more significance than both experimental controls, while the phosphorylations of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPKs)‐ extracellular signal–regulated kinases (ERK) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) significantly increased. MAPK signaling is necessary to activate Runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) gene. Concomitantly, it is also investigated whether challenged osteoblasts are able to modulate osteoclastogenesis by investigating both osteoprotegerin (OPG) and Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐ligand (RANKL) in this model; a dynamic reprogramming of both these genes is found, suggesting LDHs in modulating osteoclastogenesis. These results suggest that LDHs interfere in bone remodeling, and they can be considered as nanomaterials in graft‐based bone healing or drug‐delivery materials for bone disorders.
Convenient Monitoring System of Intracellular microRNA Expression during Adipogenesis via Mechanical Stimulus‐Induced Exocytosis of Lipovesicular miRNA Beacon
Authors: Han Seungmin , Kang Byunghoon , Jang Eunji , Ki Jisun , Kim Eunjung , Jeong Mun‐Young , Huh Yong‐Min , Son Hye‐Young , Haam Seungjoo
Published: December 2017

Noninvasive investigation of microRNAs (miRNAs) expression, which is deeply related to biological phenomena such as stem cell differentiation, in culture soup is particularly useful for monitoring of stem cell differentiation without phototoxicity of living cells, especially when cell morphologies remain unchanged during differentiation. However, real‐time detection of miRNA in culture soup is not recommended because of insufficient miRNA amounts in culture soup. In this study, a convenient method is introduced for real‐time assessing intracellular miRNA in culture soup by using lipovesicular miRNA beacon (Lipo‐mB) and mechanical stimulus‐mediated exocytosis. Pipetting‐harvest of culture soup induces exocytosis‐secretion of fluorescence signal of Lipo‐mB from cytoplasm into culture soup. To demonstrate this method, Lipo‐mB is applied for monitoring of adipogenesis by analyzing the expression levels of various intracellular miRNAs, which are related to adipogenesis regulators. The fluorescence intensity profile of the culture soup is correlated with the quantitative reverse‐transcription‐polymerase chain reaction data and absorbance of Oil Red O staining. These results demonstrate that Lipo‐mB can successfully monitor stem cell differentiation by sensing changes in miRNA expression from culture soup of living cells. Lipo‐mB can be further developed as an accurate sensing system for analyzing subtle differences in genotype, even when changes in phenotype cannot be observed.
Emerging Biotechnology Applications of Aqueous Two‐Phase Systems
Authors: Teixeira Alyne G. , Agarwal Rishima , Ko Kristin Robin , Grant‐Burt Jessica , Leung Brendan M. , Frampton John P.
Published: December 2017

Liquid–liquid phase separation between aqueous solutions containing two incompatible polymers, a polymer and a salt, or a polymer and a surfactant, has been exploited for a wide variety of biotechnology applications throughout the years. While many applications for aqueous two‐phase systems fall within the realm of separation science, the ability to partition many different materials within these systems, coupled with recent advances in materials science and liquid handling, has allowed bioengineers to imagine new applications. This progress report provides an overview of the history and key properties of aqueous two‐phase systems to lend context to how these materials have progressed to modern applications such as cellular micropatterning and bioprinting, high‐throughput 3D tissue assembly, microscale biomolecular assay development, facilitation of cell separation and microcapsule production using microfluidic devices, and synthetic biology. Future directions and present limitations and design considerations of this adaptable and promising toolkit for biomolecule and cellular manipulation are further evaluated.
Recent Progress in Developing Injectable Matrices for Enhancing Cell Delivery and Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Tong Xinming , Yang Fan
Published: December 2017

Biomaterials are key factors in regenerative medicine. Matrices used for cell delivery are especially important, as they provide support to transplanted cells that is essential for promoting cell survival, retention, and desirable phenotypes. Injectable matrices have become promising and attractive due to their minimum invasiveness and ease of use. Conventional injectable matrices mostly use hydrogel precursor solutions that form solid, cell‐laden hydrogel scaffolds in situ. However, these materials are associated with challenges in biocompatibility, shear‐induced cell death, lack of control over cellular phenotype, lack of macroporosity and remodeling, and relatively weak mechanical strength. This Progress Report provides a brief overview of recent progress in developing injectable matrices to overcome the limitations of conventional in situ hydrogels. Biocompatible chemistry and shear‐thinning hydrogels have been introduced to promote cell survival and retention. Emerging investigations of the effects of matrix properties on cellular function in 3D provide important guidelines for promoting desirable cellular phenotypes. Moreover, several novel approaches are combining injectability with macroporosity to achieve macroporous, injectable matrices for cell delivery.
Tension‐Activated Delivery of Small Molecules and Proteins from Superhydrophobic Composites
Authors: Wang Julia , Colson Yolonda L. , Grinstaff Mark W.
Published: December 2017

The fabrication and performance of mechanically responsive multilayer superhydrophobic composites are reported. The application of tensile strain triggers the release of small molecules and proteins from these composites, with different tensile strain magnitudes and coating thickness influencing agent release. These mechanoresponsive composites consist of an absorbent drug core surrounded by an electrosprayed superhydrophobic protective coating that limits drug release in the absence of tensile strain. Coating thickness and applied tensile strain control release of chemotherapeutic cisplatin and enzyme β‐galactosidase, as measured by atomic absorption and UV–vis spectrophotometry, respectively, with preserved in vitro activity. Such mechanically responsive drug delivery devices, when coupled to existing dynamic mechanical forces in the body or integrated with mechanical medical devices, such as stents, will provide local controlled dosing.
Recent Developments in Graphene‐Based Tactile Sensors and E‐Skins
Authors: Chen Shuai , Jiang Kai , Lou Zheng , Chen Di , Shen Guozhen
Published: December 2017

Human skin, the largest organ of human body, can perceive tactile sensations, temperature, humidity, and other complex environmental stimulations. To mimic the capabilities of human skin, graphene provides great potential in building wearable electronic skins (E‐skins), which hold broad applications in advanced robotics, healthcare monitoring, artificial intelligence, human–machine interfaces, etc. Herein, the recent progress in flexible tactile sensors and E‐skins based on graphene material is presented. A brief introduction of the main approaches to prepare graphene nanosheets is provided. The main developments on the functions and mechanisms of bionic functional devices in E‐skins including tactile sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors are then highlighted. The current and future applications for graphene‐based E‐skins, such as multifunctional biomimetic E‐skins, healthcare monitoring, and interactive human–machine interface, are also described. Finally, the existing challenges and future development trends for graphene‐based E‐skins are discussed.
Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing of 3D Silica‐like Microstructure from Hybrid Epoxy Cyclohexyl POSS
Authors: Fang Gan , Cao Hongzhong , Cao Liangcheng , Duan Xuanming
Published: December 2017

Given the importance of epoxy cyclohexyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (epoxy‐POSS) as a silica‐like hybrid material of optical clarity, high thermal and mechanic stability, the two‐photon initiated polymerization of epoxy‐POSS using diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate as photoacid generators for UV lithography and femtosecond laser direct writing is studied. The hybrid resist exhibits high thermal stability: decomposition temperatures are found at ≈350 and 400 °C when calcined in air and argon, respectively. The corresponding calcined products are found as silica‐like structures with chemical formulas of C1.5SiO3.5 and C5SiO3, evidenced by energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and elemental analysis. An equation regarding the two‐photon polymerized line width as functions of intensity of laser (Plaser) and scanning speed (V) is proposed in describing the effect of Gaussian light on polymerized lines. Experimental verification of the equation is given to prove a nonlinear optical process. Line width with a resolution of 250 nm is achieved on a glass substrate, while the resolution is 400 nm when fabricated on a silicon wafer. 3D structured woodpiles are fabricated and show no volumetric shrinkage upon 300 °C calcination in air environment, demonstrating a high thermal stability.
Giant Two‐Photon Absorption in Mixed Halide Perovskite CH3NH3Pb0.75Sn0.25I3 Thin Films and Application to Photodetection at Optical Communication Wavelengths
Authors: Xie Ying , Fan Jiandong , Liu Chong , Chi Shumeng , Wang Zeyan , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin , Mai Yaohua , Wang Jiyang
Published: December 2017

Photodetection in the optical communication wavelength band (OCWB) is a key technique for data processing communications. Photodetectors with integrability, ease of fabrication, low cost, and excellent detection properties are favorable for practical applications. Metal halide perovskite thin films have exhibited intriguing optoelectronic properties. However, their relatively wide intrinsic band gaps indicate that direct photodetection in the infrared OCWB seems impossible. Here, for the first time, direct infrared photodetection covering the OCWB with a metal halide perovskite is demonstrated. Associated with an Sn‐component dependent band gap, a CH3NH3Pb0.75Sn0.25I3 perovskite thin film is fabricated, whose nonlinear two‐photon absorption can expand the optical response up to 1.8 µm. Two‐photon absorption is studied and a very large absorption coefficient of 1.15 cm kW−1 is measured, a value that is respectively 5 and 106 times larger than that of CH3NH3PbI3 thin films and halide perovskite bulk crystals. Based on this favorable performance, direct photodetection at 1535 nm in the C‐band of the OCWB and at 1064 nm is characterized. The realization of direct infrared photodetection in a metal halide perovskite provides a possible alternative in advanced integrated optoelectronics and electronics.
Copper‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Defluorinative Borylation and Silylation of gem‐Difluoroalkenes
Authors: Tan Dong‐Hang , Lin E , Ji Wei‐Wei , Zeng Yao‐Fu , Fan Wen‐Xin , Li Qingjiang , Gao Hui , Wang Honggen
Published: December 2017

The copper‐catalyzed stereoselective defluorinative borylation and silylation of gem‐difluoroalkenes was developed. The protocol led to the exclusive formation of Z type monofluoroalkenyl borons and silanes in generally good efficiency with broad substrate scope. The products formed could be readily transformed to other F‐containing molecules by taking advantage of the versatile reactivities of C−B and C−Si bonds. Experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies were conducted which support an olefin insertion/syn‐planar β‐F elimination pathway.

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Highly Permeable Oligo(ethylene oxide)‐co‐poly(dimethylsiloxane) Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Separation
Authors: Hong Tao , Lai Sophia , Mahurin Shannon M. , Cao Peng‐Fei , Voylov Dmitry N. , Meyer Harry M. , Jacobs Christopher B. , Carrillo Jan‐Michael Y. , Kisliuk Alexander , Ivanov Ilia N. , Jiang De‐en , Long Brian K. , Mays Jimmy W. , Sokolov Alexei P. , Saito Tomonori
Published: December 2017

A series of cross‐linked, freestanding oligo(ethylene oxide)‐co‐(polydimethylsiloxane‐norbornene) membranes with varied composition is synthesized via in situ ring‐opening metathesis polymerization. These membranes show remarkably high CO2 permeabilities (3400 Barrer) and their separation performance approaches the Robeson upper bound. The excellent permeability of these copolymer membranes provides great potential for real‐world applications where enormous volumes of gases must be separated. The gas transport properties of these films are found to be directly proportional to oligo(ethylene oxide) content incorporation, which stems from the increased solubility selectivity change within the copolymer matrix. This work provides a systematic study of how gas separation performance in rubbery membranes can be enhanced by tuning the CO2‐philicity of their constituent monomeric subunits.
Nanofibrillated Cellulose‐Based Electrolyte and Electrode for Paper‐Based Supercapacitors
Authors: Jiao Fei , Edberg Jesper , Zhao Dan , Puzinas Skomantas , Khan Zia Ullah , Mäkie Peter , Naderi Ali , Lindström Tom , Odén Magnus , Engquist Isak , Berggren Magnus , Crispin Xavier
Published: December 2017

Solar photovoltaic technologies could fully deploy and impact the energy conversion systems in our society if mass‐produced energy‐storage solutions exist. A supercapacitor can regulate the fluctuations on the electrical grid on short time scales. Their mass‐implementation requires the use of abundant materials, biological and organic synthetic materials are attractive because of atomic element abundancy and low‐temperature synthetic processes. Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) coming from the forest industry is exploited as a three‐dimensional template to control the transport of ions in an electrolyte‐separator, with nanochannels filled of aqueous electrolyte. The nanochannels are defined by voids in the nanocomposite made of NFC and the proton transporting polymer polystyrene sulfonic acid PSSH. The ionic conductivity of NFC‐PSSH composites (0.2 S cm–1 at 100% relative humidity) exceeds sea water in a material that is solid, feel dry to the finger, but filled of nanodomains of water. A paper‐based supercapacitor made of NFC‐PSSH electrolyte‐separator sandwiched between two paper‐based electrodes is demonstrated. Although modest specific capacitance (81.3 F g–1), power density (2040 W kg–1) and energy density (1016 Wh kg–1), this is the first conceptual demonstration of a supercapacitor based on cellulose in each part of the device; which motivates the search for using paper manufacturing as mass‐production of energy‐storage devices.
Piezoelectric Performance of Cubic‐Phase BaTiO3 Nanoparticles Vertically Aligned via Electric Field
Authors: Yun Je Moon , Shin Jung Ho , Ryu Jungho , Shinde Nanasaheb M. , Kim Kwang Ho
Published: December 2017

In general, the piezoelectric generation performance of randomly dispersed particle‐polymer composite nanogenerators is low because of the disconnection between separated nanoparticles and the loss of generating energy on passing through the thick polymer insulating layer. If the nanoparticles are self‐aligned unidirectionally and closely to each other, stress‐induced charges can be generated even with a tiny stimulus with no or less energy loss due to the stress‐sensitive geometric structure and more shortened energy transfer pathways. Herein, a facile electrical orientation method is reported to obtain vertically aligned spherical cubic‐phase BaTiO3 nanoparticle arrays in a polymer matrix for the enhanced piezoelectric power generation. It is observed that the (200) diffraction plane of cubic‐phase BaTiO3 is transformed by an electric field to generate piezoelectric performance. Compared with the randomly dispersed nanoparticle composite, the vertically aligned BaTiO3 array film has excellent electrical output performance (≈3 V and 650 nA) and more than twice the transparency because of reducing light scattering by gathering BaTiO3 nanoparticles. Additionally, it is demonstrated that electric charge generated by a mechanical microloading of 4 µm denting depth using a nanoindenter equipment can pass through the polymer insulating layer in the well‐aligned composite system but not the dispersed system.
Hybrid Li/S Battery Based on Dimethyl Trisulfide and Sulfurized Poly(acrylonitrile)
Authors: Warneke Sven , Zenn Roland Krisp , Lebherz Tim , Müller Kathrin , Hintennach Andreas , Starke Ulrich , Dinnebier Robert E. , Buchmeiser Michael R.
Published: December 2017

Lithium–sulfur (Li/S) batteries are among the most promising next‐generation energy storage systems because of their high theoretical specific energy of ≈2600 Wh kg−1. However, conventional Li/S batteries require high amounts of redox‐inactive liquid electrolytes, which do not contribute to cell capacity. Thus, the practical specific energy of Li/S batteries is often relatively poor (<500 Wh kg−1) and barely competitive with Li‐ion batteries. Herein, a new hybrid Li/S battery that contains both a liquid and a solid cathode, i.e., dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) and fibrous sulfurized poly(acrylonitrile) (SPAN) as active materials is presented. These Li/DMTS/SPAN cells exhibit high capacity (formally up to 7100 mA h gsulfur of cathode−1), high areal capacity up to 4.3 mA h cm−2, high rate capability up to 8 C, and excellent cycle stability (>700 cycles). In addition, both the working and aging mechanism are elucidated by NMR, Raman, X‐ray photoelectron and electronic impedance spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, and postmortem analysis.
Revealing the Performance Enhancement of Oxygenated Carbonaceous Materials for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: Functional Groups or Specific Surface Area?
Authors: Zeng Lin , Zhao Tianshou , Wei Lei
Published: December 2017

It is widely recognized that the oxygenated carbonaceous materials improve the performance of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). However, whether the enhanced vanadium redox reactions are due to the existence of grafted oxygen‐containing functional groups (OCFGs) or the enlarged specific surface areas (SSAs) during the course of surface treatments is still under dispute. To determine which factor is indeed responsible for the enhanced redox reactions, a set amount of OCFGs is intentionally grafted on the model carbon electrode without modifying the surface area using an alkaline‐mediated hydrothermal treatment. Experimental results, using the peak potential separation and the activation energy as electroactivity descriptors in the three‐electrode cell, demonstrate that OCFGs promote the V(II)/V(III) redox reaction, while exhibiting a minute catalytic effect on the V(IV)/V(V) redox reaction. The superior electroactivity is also testified by a flow battery test, in which the energy efficiency as well as the charge/discharge capacity of VRFBs with hydrothermally treated samples is significantly higher than those of VRFBs with the pristine one. Through these experiments, it is verified that OCFGs contribute to the electroactivity promotion for carbon electrodes rather than the enhanced SSA. The findings can guide the effort to design high‐performing carbonaceous electrodes for VRFBs.
Guidance and Self‐Sorting of Active Swimmers: 3D Periodic Arrays Increase Persistence Length of Human Sperm Selecting for the Fittest
Authors: Chinnasamy Thiruppathiraja , Kingsley James L. , Inci Fatih , Turek Paul J. , Rosen Mitchell P. , Behr Barry , Tüzel Erkan , Demirci Utkan
Published: December 2017

Male infertility is a reproductive disease, and existing clinical solutions for this condition often involve long and cumbersome sperm sorting methods, including preprocessing and centrifugation‐based steps. These methods also fall short when sorting for sperm free of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and epigenetic aberrations. Although several microfluidic platforms exist, they suffer from structural complexities, i.e., pumps or chemoattractants, setting insurmountable barriers to clinical adoption. Inspired by the natural filter‐like capabilities of the female reproductive tract for sperm selection, a model‐driven design, featuring pillar arrays that efficiently and noninvasively isolate highly motile and morphologically normal sperm, with lower epigenetic global methylation, from raw semen, is presented. The Simple Periodic ARray for Trapping And isolatioN (SPARTAN) created here modulates the directional persistence of sperm, increasing the spatial separation between progressive and nonprogressive motile sperm populations within an unprecedentedly short 10 min assay time. With over 99% motility of sorted sperm, a 5‐fold improvement in morphology, 3‐fold increase in nuclear maturity, and 2–4‐fold enhancement in DNA integrity, SPARTAN offers to standardize sperm selection while eliminating operator‐to‐operator variations, centrifugation, and flow. SPARTAN can also be applied in other areas, including conservation ecology, breeding of farm animals, and design of flagellar microrobots for diagnostics.
Formation and Diffusion of Metal Impurities in Perovskite Solar Cell Material CH3NH3PbI3: Implications on Solar Cell Degradation and Choice of Electrode
Authors: Ming Wenmei , Yang Dongwen , Li Tianshu , Zhang Lijun , Du Mao‐Hua
Published: December 2017

Solar cells based on methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) have shown remarkable progress in recent years and have demonstrated efficiencies greater than 20%. However, the long‐term stability of MAPbI3‐based solar cells has yet to be achieved. Besides the well‐known chemical and thermal instabilities, significant native ion migration in lead halide perovskites leads to current–voltage hysteresis and photoinduced phase segregation. Recently, it is further revealed that, despite having excellent chemical stability, the Au electrode can cause serious solar cell degradation due to Au diffusion into MAPbI3. In addition to Au, many other metals have been used as electrodes in MAPbI3 solar cells. However, how the external metal impurities introduced by electrodes affect the long‐term stability of MAPbI3 solar cells has rarely been studied. A comprehensive study of formation energetics and diffusion dynamics of a number of noble and transition metal impurities (Au, Ag, Cu, Cr, Mo, W, Co, Ni, Pd) in MAPbI3 based on first‐principles calculations is reported herein. The results uncover important general trends of impurity formation and diffusion in MAPbI3 and provide useful guidance for identifying the optimal metal electrodes that do not introduce electrically active impurity defects in MAPbI3 while having low resistivities and suitable work functions for carrier extraction.
Elastic Sandwich‐Type rGO–VS2/S Composites with High Tap Density: Structural and Chemical Cooperativity Enabling Lithium–Sulfur Batteries with High Energy Density
Authors: Cheng Zhibin , Xiao Zhubing , Pan Hui , Wang Shiqing , Wang Ruihu
Published: December 2017

Driven by increasing demand for high‐energy‐density batteries for consumer electronics and electric vehicles, substantial progress is achieved in the development of long‐life lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Less attention is given to Li–S batteries with high volume energy density, which is crucial for applications in compact space. Here, a series of elastic sandwich‐structured cathode materials consisting of alternating VS2‐attached reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets and active sulfur layers are reported. Due to the high polarity and conductivity of VS2, a small amount of VS2 can suppress the shuttle effect of polysulfides and improve the redox kinetics of sulfur species in the whole sulfur layer. Sandwich‐structured rGO–VS2/S composites exhibit significantly improved electrochemical performance, with high discharge capacities, low polarization, and excellent cycling stability compared with their bare rGO/S counterparts. Impressively, the tap density of rGO–VS2/S with 89 wt% sulfur loading is 1.84 g cm−3, which is almost three times higher than that of rGO/S with the same sulfur content (0.63 g cm−3), and the volumetric specific capacity of the whole cell is as high as 1182.1 mA h cm−3, comparable with the state‐of‐the‐art reported for energy storage devices, demonstrating the potential for application of these composites in long‐life and high‐energy‐density Li–S batteries.
MoS2/Graphene Nanosheets from Commercial Bulky MoS2 and Graphite as Anode Materials for High Rate Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Sun Dan , Ye Delai , Liu Ping , Tang Yougen , Guo Jun , Wang Lianzhou , Wang Haiyan
Published: December 2017

Tuning heterointerfaces between hybrid phases is a very promising strategy for designing advanced energy storage materials. Herein, a low‐cost, high‐yield, and scalable two‐step approach is reported to prepare a new type of hybrid material containing MoS2/graphene nanosheets prepared from ball‐milling and exfoliation of commercial bulky MoS2 and graphite. When tested as an anode material for a sodium‐ion battery, the as‐prepared MoS2/graphene nanosheets exhibit remarkably high rate capability (284 mA h g−1 at 20 A g−1 (≈30C) and 201 mA h g−1 at 50 A g−1 (≈75C)) and excellent cycling stability (capacity retention of 95% after 250 cycles at 0.3 A g−1). Detailed experimental measurements and density functional theory calculation reveal that the functional groups in 2D MoS2/graphene heterostructures can be well tuned. The impressive rate capacity of the as‐prepared MoS2/graphene hybrids should be attributed to the heterostructures with a low degree of defects and residual oxygen containing groups in graphene, which subsequently improve the electronic conductivity of graphene and decrease the Na+ diffusion barrier at the MoS2/graphene interfaces in comparison with the acid treated one.
Occupational exposure to textile dust and lung cancer risk: Results from the ICARE Study
Authors: Ben Khedher Soumaya , Neri Monica , Guida Florence , Matrat Mireille , Cenée Sylvie , Sanchez Marie , Radoi Loredana , Menvielle Gwenn , Marrer Emilie , Luce Danièle , Stücker Isabelle ,   The Icare Study Group
Published: December 2017

Background

To investigate the association of lung cancer with occupational exposure to textile dust and specifically to cotton dust in the population‐based case‐control study ICARE.

Methods

Lifelong occupational history of 2926 cases and 3555 controls was collected using standardized questionnaires, with specific questions for textile dust exposure. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models controlling for confounding factors including smoking and asbestos exposure.

Results

An inverse association between textile dust exposure and lung cancer was found among workers exposed ≥5% of their work time (OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.58‐1.09), more pronounced for distant exposures (40+ years; up to a 56% reduced risk, statistically significant). The OR of lung cancer was significantly decreased among workers exposed to cotton fibers (OR = 0.70, 95%CI = 0.48‐0.97).

Conclusions

Our results provide some evidence of a decreased risk of lung cancer associated with exposure to textile dust, particularly cotton.
Highly Selective and Sensitive 2‐(2′‐Hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole‐Based Turn‐On Fluorescent Probes for Detecting and Imaging Bisulfite in Living Cells
Authors: Wang Shao‐Jing , Li Jin , Gao Ying , Guo Yuan
Published: December 2017

Bisulfite (HSO3−) is one of the main forms of sulfur dioxide in physiological systems. Two 2‐(2′‐hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole‐derived fluorescent probes bearing a nitroolefin moiety were designed based on the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect and excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism to afford a fluorescent turn‐on response specifically in the present of HSO3− ions. Owing to the remarkable ICT effect from hydroxy group to the nitro group, the probes exhibit extremely weak fluorescence. Upon the conjugate addition reaction with HSO3− at the nitroolefin moiety of the probes, the ICT character is weakened and the absorption spectra of the products are blueshifted. A pronounced fluorescence enhancement based on ESIPT was also observed. The two probes exhibited good sensitivity, high selectivity and an excellent anti‐interference properties of their large Stokes shifts, indicating that the probes are highly suitable for biological systems. Furthermore, they were successfully applied to the imaging of HSO3− in living cells.
The Liebeskind–Srogl Cross‐Coupling Reaction and its Synthetic Applications
Authors: Cheng Hong‐Gang , Chen Han , Liu Yue , Zhou Qianghui
Published: December 2017

The Pd‐catalyzed, CuI−carboxylate‐mediated cross‐coupling reaction of organosulfur compounds with nucleophilic organometallic reagents is known as the Liebeskind–Srogl cross‐coupling reaction. Owing to the readily available starting materials and neutral reaction conditions, it has become an attractive procedure for the formation of carbon−carbon bonds, in particular for cases in which traditional methods had failed. Since the seminal work of Liebeskind and Srogl in 2000, this reaction has received intense attention from the synthetic community. In this Focus Review, we highlight recent advances in this intriguing cross‐coupling reaction and its applications in organic synthesis.
Catalyst‐Free Regioselective Sulfenylation of Imidazoheterocycles with Sulfonyl Hydrazides in Water
Authors: Chowdhury Soumyadeep Roy , Fadikar Pulak , Ul Hoque Injamam , Maity Soumitra
Published: December 2017

A simple, efficient and catalyst‐free sulfenylation of imidazoheterocycles with sulfonyl hydrazides has been developed in water under additive free condition. This method is highly regioselective, and the corresponding thio products were obtained in good to excellent yields. Experimental studies were indicative of the formation of sufonothioate intermediates from sufonyl hydrazides as the active thiol carrier for this transformation.
Optical Bloch Oscillations of a Dual Airy Beam
Authors: Liu Junfeng , Zhang Yiqi , Zhong Hua , Zhang Jingwen , Wang Rong , Belić Milivoj R. , Zhang Yanpeng
Published: December 2017

We investigate the propagation of a dual Airy beam in Hermitian and non‐Hermitian waveguides, theoretically and numerically. Optical Bloch oscillations (OBOs) of the beam are demonstrated during propagation in both types of waveguides, and the numerical OBO period is found to be in accordance with the theoretical predictions. The two branches of the dual Airy beam do not display translational symmetry — the peaks will form in one branch only, due to the desynchronized Bragg reflection of the lobes. In the non‐Hermitian waveguides, the dual Airy beam will be damped or amplified during propagation — depending on the imaginary part of the complex potential, which may provide loss or gain to the beam. In the ‐symmetric‐like potential, the dual Airy beam may undergo amplification during propagation, but the total power will exhibit a stair‐like behavior. The non‐reciprocity is also exhibited by the dual Airy beam in such a potential. We believe that our research not only provides a new geometry for optical switches but also deepens the understanding of OBO in dual Airy beams.