bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recording and Extraction of Mosquito Flight Tones
Authors: Georgiades Marcos , Albert Joerg T.
Published: October 2022

Despite the artificial conditions, flight tone recordings taken from tethered mosquitoes can provide valuable information on the acoustic signals produced by male and female mosquitoes. Although auditory responsiveness appears to be largely (and possibly exclusively) restricted to males, the flight tones of both sexes have sensory-ecological relevance, as it is the mixing of the two tones that produces audibility in males and thereby facilitates reproduction. This protocol describes how to record wing flapping from mounted mosquitoes and how to estimate wingbeat frequencies from those recordings.
Drivers of mentoring practices in construction related firms: Nigerian quantity surveying firms' perspective
Authors: Otasowie Osamudiamen Kenneth , Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The paper assessed the required drivers of mentoring practices in construction-related firms: a perspective of the quantity surveying (QS) firms in Nigeria with a view to providing possible drivers for effective mentoring relationships in the respective construction firms.

Design/methodology/approach

Survey design was used to assess the level of knowledge, mentoring concept adoption and the required drivers of mentoring relationships in construction-related firms. QS firms in Abuja, Nigeria were sampled through the use of semi-structured questionnaires. A total of 149 questionnaires were administered to principal partners, partners, senior quantity surveyors and quantity surveyors in QS firms in Abuja through personal delivery. A total of 142 of them were returned and found suitable for analysis, representing 95.30% effective response rate. Percentage, mean, Kruskal–Wallis and factor analyses were utilized for the analysis of the data.

Findings

The study revealed an appreciable knowledge of mentoring concept but not so much with the adoption in the respective firms. This connotes that there is a problem with the adoption of mentoring concept in construction-related firms despite knowledge of the concept. Also revealed by the study, are the required drivers of mentoring practices in construction-related firms.

Practical implications

The findings show the required drivers of mentoring practices in construction-related firms and the recommendations to further the adoption and implementation of these drivers to ensure mentoring practices thrive in construction-related firms in the country.

Originality/value

This paper reveals the required drivers of mentoring practices in Nigerian construction-related firms and provides ways through which the drivers can be implemented in the construction firms.
Eco-friendly and controlled anti-pilling finishing of wool fabric by thiourea dioxide-mediated surface micro-dissolution
Authors: Zhang Ning , Zhang Nan , Zhang Jinfang , Wang Qiang , Zhou Man , Wang Ping , Yu Yuanyuan
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Wool, mainly composed of keratin, is a relatively high-grade clothing material. Although woollen textile has the advantages of high wearing comfort and excellent warmth retention property as we have known, its inherent disadvantage of easy pilling has easy puzzled people for a long time. Most of the existing technologies for pilling resistance are not eco-friendly or severely damaged the internal structure of wool.

Design/methodology/approach

In this work, a controlled and effective surface treatment method was proposed to controllable micro-dissolution the scale layers of wool with minor damage to its internal structure, thereby improving the anti-pilling property of wool. Thiourea dioxide (TD) is used as a dissolving agent to swell and dissolve wool surface flakes. After TD treatment, the morphology changes of wool fibers were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and methylene blue staining. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the structural changes of TD wool. At the same time, the anti-pilling properties and wettability of wool fabrics were tested.

Findings

The results show that the wool scale layer is destroyed after TD treatment, which reduces the friction between fibers and improves the anti-pilling performance of wool fabrics. The methylene blue-stained images further demonstrate that low concentrations of TD can damage the superficial scale layer of wool without significant loss of strength.

Originality/value

This method is simple, eco-friendly and economical, and opens up a new direction for the surface treatment of wool fabrics.
Open innovation pathway to firm performance: the role of dynamic marketing capability in Malaysian entrepreneurial firms
Authors: Mostafiz Md Imtiaz , Ahmed Farhad Uddin , Hughes Paul
Published: October 2022

Purpose

This study investigates how firms build strong dynamic marketing capability (DMC) from open innovation (OI) to enhance the performance of entrepreneurial firms. Moreover, this study unfolds DMC's mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying inbound and outbound OI and performance relationships, respectively.

Design/methodology/approach

To test the research model and hypotheses, this study drew a sample of 251 firms operating in Malaysia using the time-lagged survey method. Structural equation modelling was used in this study to investigate the model relationships.

Findings

The findings of this study reveal the positive interplay between inbound OI (knowledge acquisition) and DMC. The outbound OI (knowledge exploitation) in this study is found to mediate the relationship between inbound OI and firm performance. In addition, while the DMC has a mediating effect in the relationship between inbound OI and firm performance, such a capability reinforces the positive relationship between outbound OI and performance.

Originality/value

This study provides a noble insight into the complex interplay between OI and entrepreneurial firms' performance by developing and testing an integrated framework underpinned by a knowledge-based view and dynamic capability theory. The findings highlight the significance of taking an interdisciplinary and integrated approach to better understand the determinants of entrepreneurial firms' performance in an emerging country context.
Competing through international accreditation: cost-benefit analysis and process of AACSB for a business school in Japan
Authors: Ito Hiroshi
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The current article aims to answer the following research questions: (1) What types of business schools should pursue the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB)? and (2) What types of strategic leadership would be necessary for that?

Design/methodology/approach

A case study approach with archival research and interviews is employed.

Findings

The findings suggest that regional, teaching-oriented business schools at the graduate level with dominance-transformative leaders should consider acquiring AACSB accreditation due to its potential benefits, the most pronounced being an increase in the number of graduate students. Other advantages include improvements in the quality of schools' strategic planning, faculty qualifications, intellectual research contributions and assurance of learning, as well as branding.

Research limitations/implications

Given its qualitative nature as a single case study with a small sample size, the findings may not be statistically generalizable. Future research could employ multiple case studies to examine several accredited schools, utilizing larger sample sizes to obtain more detailed results about the AACSB acquisition process, as well as the potential benefits and costs of AACSB.

Originality/value

Few studies have examined the processes and impacts of acquiring AACSB accreditation, or the associated barriers in the context of an individual, international accreditation-seeking business school, in particular those that are small and regional. Likewise, few studies have addressed management leadership issues in acquiring AACSB accreditation. Our research addressed these research gaps by describing the processes, impacts and issues associated with acquiring AACSB from the perspective of a regional, teaching-oriented institute. Further, the study helped identify kinds of leadership appropriate for the acquisition of AACSB.
The coordination of technology development for complex products and systems innovations
Authors: França José Adalberto , Lakemond Nicolette , Holmberg Gunnar
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore earlier stages of complex products and systems (CoPS) innovations, investigating how technology development can be coordinated.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper uses a case study methodology, adopting an abductive logic, characterized by a nonlinear and iterative process of systematic confrontations between theoretical framework, empirical fieldwork and case analysis. Specifically, the authors study the Swedish aerospace network, which distinctly represents the CoPS characteristics of intense technology development with long-term goals and project-based activities with universities, research institutes, small medium enterprises and leading firms.

Findings

By adding the network perspective in the CoPS literature, the authors found that technology development can be coordinated within the technological and the business dimensions and according to different strategic nets. Also, the authors found that strategic nets co-evolve when their related projects are connected and advance in maturity, and their actors change their network position.

Originality/value

Current research on CoPS often recognizes that the survival and growth of a firm depend on its ability to coordinate innovative projects that are usually implemented during technology development. The findings contribute to this literature by showing how such projects can be implemented through agenda construction and the simultaneous coordination of strategic nets, leading to the synchronization of resources and activities. As such, this study’s framework offers a novel and integrative view of how the short-run and long-run strategies of leading firms can be aligned, and how other actors can contribute to the direction of the innovation path.
The impact of religion and modernity on luxury consumption in an Arabian Gulf community: does self-construal matter?
Authors: Ebaidalla Ebaidalla M. , Malkawi Asma
Published: October 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the simultaneous impact of religion and modernity on attitude toward luxury consumption in Qatar, with emphasis on the mediating effect of self-construal. The authors propose the idea that self-construal is a significant mediator through which religion and modernity influence attitude toward luxury consumption.

Design/methodology/approach

The data for this study are sourced from a survey of 190 Qatari respondents. The conceptual model is estimated using both the covariance-based and the partial least squares structural equation modeling techniques for the purpose of robustness check.

Findings

The results indicate that religion has a positive and significant association with both independent and interdependent self-construal. The impact of modernity on independent self-construal is positive and significant, while its effect on interdependent self-construal is not significant, implying that modernity has no impact on individuals’ interdependence in the Gulf communities. Moreover, the results reveal that self-construal significantly mediates the effect of both religiosity and modernity on luxury consumption attitude, as expected.

Originality/value

The originality of this article lies in investigating the impact of religion and modernity on attitude toward luxury consumption through the self-construal paradigm. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study examining the simultaneous impact of religion and modernity in a Muslim community, from a self-construal perspective. Second, unlike the prior studies, this paper addresses the issue of non-normality in the data using the maximum likelihood robust estimator.
Design of radio frequency power amplifier for 2.45 GHz IoT application using 0.18 µm CMOS technology
Authors: Rhaffor Nuha , Ang Wei Keat , Packeer Mohamed Mohamed Fauzi , Rajendran Jagadheswaran , Mohd Noh Norlaili , Mustaffa Mohd Tafir , Hairi Mohd Hendra
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to show that due to the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) industry in recent years, the demand for the higher integration of wireless communication systems with a higher data rate of transmission capacity and lower power consumption has increased tremendously. The radio frequency power amplifier (PA) design is getting more challenging and crucial. A PA for a 2.45 GHz IoT application using 0.18 µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology is presented in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach

The design consists of two stages, the driver and output stage, where both use a single-stage common source transistor configuration. In view of performance, the PA can deliver more than 20 dB gain from 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz.

Findings

The maximum output power achieved by PA is 13.28 dBm. As the PA design is targeted for Bluetooth low energy (BLE) transmitter use, a minimum of 10 dBm output power should be achieved by PA to transmit the signal in BLE standard. The PA exhibits a constant output third-order interception point of 18 dBm before PA becomes saturated after 10 dBm output power. The PA shows a peak power added efficiency of 17.82% at the 13.24 dBm output power.

Originality/value

The PA design exhibits good linearity up to 10 dBm out the PA design exhibits good linearity up to 10 dBm output power without sacrificing efficiency. At the operating frequency of 2.45 GHz, the PA exhibits a stability k-factor, the value of more than 1; thus, the PA design is considered unconditional stable. Besides, the PA shows the s-parameters performance of –7.91 dB for S11, –11.07 dB for S22 and 21.5 dB for S21.
Religiosity and accountants' ethical decision-making in a religious country with a high level of corruption
Authors: Liyanapathirana Nirupika , Akroyd Chris
Published: October 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to understand how accountants in Sri Lanka perceive the effect of religiosity on ethical decision-making. Sri Lanka is a highly religious country, but it also has a high level of corruption, so understanding ethical decision-making in this context is important for the accounting profession.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 40 accountants in Sri Lanka with decision-making roles. Virtue ethics theory and content analysis were used to analyse the interview data and categorise accountants' responses into themes using an interpretive methodology.

Findings

This paper identifies three ways in which religiosity can influence accountants’ ethical decision-making. Firstly, through a faith in the beliefs of their religion; secondly, through awareness of religious prescriptions and virtues; and thirdly, through a commitment towards religious practices and rituals. However, the findings show that religiosity does not always influence the ethical decision-making of accountants because of pervasive corruption, which is a cultural norm in contemporary Sri Lanka. Thus, it is evident that there is an interrelationship between religious and cultural environments which can influence ethical decision-making.

Originality/value

While the religiosity of accountants can support ethical decision-making, the findings of this paper show that the cultural norm of corruption can mediate this connection as the evidence shows that accountants with a strong religious background, irrespective of their religion, may still act unethically when corruption is a cultural norm.
The economic and environmental effects of an optimal emission reduction subsidy policy in the presence of business cycles
Authors: Ramezani Fariba , Arjomandi Amir , Harvie Charles
Published: October 2022

Purpose

As a by-product of the production process, emissions can follow output fluctuations. Hence, disregarding the relationship between economic fluctuations and emissions could result in undesirable environmental outcomes. This study aims to investigate the environmental and economic effects of abatement subsidies on overall emissions during business cycles in Australia.

Design/methodology/approach

A real business cycle (RBC) model is devised and parameterised in this paper. RBC models have been recently introduced to environmental policy analysis, and this study contributes to the literature by investigating the effects of a potential subsidy policy in an RBC framework. The model is also calibrated and provides solutions for the Australian economy.

Findings

The authors find that under a steady-state situation, supporting abatement can result in reducing emissions by 6.45% while it imposes welfare costs to the economy (by 0.61%). Simulation results show that an optimal abatement policy should be pro-cyclical, with the abatement subsidy increasing during expansions and decreasing during recessions. As well, in a subsidy policy setting, emissions would react pro-cyclically, i.e. emissions increase (decrease) when the gross domestic product increases (decreases). The abatement reaction by firms, however, is different, because when a positive productivity shock occurs, firms reduce abatement and allocate resources to production. Nonetheless, as time passes, the increased subsidy provides a strong enough incentive to allocate resources to abatement and, subsequently, abatement increases.

Originality/value

This paper investigates how an emission reduction subsidy should be adapted to macroeconomic fluctuations so that it can limit variations in emissions.
Phosphotransferase system sugars immediately induce mutations of Cra in an Escherichia coli ptsH mutant
Authors: Min Huitae , Seok Yeong‐Jae
Published: October 2022

Most bacteria use the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) to catalyse coupled transport and phosphorylation of sugars. The PTS consists of several sugar‐specific components (enzyme IIs) and two general components: enzyme I, encoded by ptsI, and HPr, encoded by ptsH, which are common to most PTS carbohydrates. Although both enzyme I and HPr are believed to be required to utilize these PTS sugars, an E. coli ptsH mutant has been reported to exhibit a leaky growth phenotype on these sugars. Here, we show that this phenomenon occurs because the ptsH mutant undergoes adaptive mutations in the presence of PTS sugars within a few generation times. The ptsH mutant cells once exposed to a PTS sugar showed a growth rate similar to that of the wild‐type strain when transferred to fresh medium supplemented with the same PTS sugar, suggesting the acquisition of additional genetic variations. Genome sequencing revealed that the PTS sugar‐adapted variants harboured loss‐of‐function mutations in cra, which increased expression of the fruBKA operon. Our results suggest that the presence of a PTS sugar can exert a strong selective pressure when a general PTS component is defective.
Evaluating economic benefits of the revitalization vouchers: The case of Taiwan's Triple Stimulus Vouchers
Authors: Hua Chia‐Cheng , Yang Hao‐Yen , Peng Su‐Ling
Published: October 2022

This article takes Taiwan’s Triple Stimulus Vouchers (TSVs) launched in the second half of 2020 as an example to evaluate the economic benefits of revitalization vouchers during the COVID‐19 period. We apply scenario settings and input–output tables to evaluate the policy benefits. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The issuance of TSVs will induce consumers to use revitalized triple vouchers. As the epidemic is under control domestically and border control continues that ruled out non‐citizen consumptions,  issuing the TSVs during summer vacations generates positive economic benefits. (2) Using promotional activities TSVs are indeed helpful to boost consumer confidence. (3) According to estimates, the benefit of TSVs to real GDP is between NT$45.062 and 83.727 billion; the economic growth rate increases by 0.1173–0.2156%. (4) TSVs have a significant impact on the service industry. The department stores benefited a lot from the TSV policy, and supermarkets and hypermarkets saw rising revenues. Merchants, small shops, and even hawkers in the streets or traditional markets also felt the strength of economic recovery from the retail consumption growth of TSVs, which also brings economic benefits expected by the policy.
E‐commerce and supply chain resilience during COVID‐19: Evidence from agricultural input e‐stores in China
Authors: Guo Jianxin , Jin Songqing , Zhao Jichun , Li Yuhua
Published: October 2022

COVID‐19 has caused major disruptions to agricultural supply chains around the world. Researchers and policy‐makers are interested in identifying means to reduce the disruptive effects caused by the pandemic. We investigate the impacts of COVID‐19 on the operation of e‐commerce stores (in short, e‐stores) specialising in agricultural inputs. The difference‐in‐differences method (DID) is employed to estimate the causal relationship between COVID‐19 and online sales of agricultural inputs using data from 54,244 agricultural input e‐stores registered in 118 prefecture‐level cities across 15 provinces and hosted on two major Chinese e‐commerce platforms. The results show that COVID‐19 led to a substantial growth in monthly sales of agricultural input e‐stores, and this growth of online sales varied across store scales and by types of agricultural inputs. In particular, e‐stores selling seeds and seedlings experienced a larger growth in sales than stores selling agricultural machinery and implements, and the mid‐ and larger‐scaled e‐stores experienced more growth of sales than micro‐ and small‐scaled e‐stores. Further analysis reveals that the growth of online sales of agricultural inputs was driven mainly by an increase in the quantity of customer orders (QCO). The findings of this paper underscore the importance of e‐commerce in ensuring the resilience of the agricultural supply chain during the pandemic period.
The transcriptomic signature of responses to larval crowding in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Morimoto Juliano , Wenzel Marius , Derous Davina , Henry Youn , Colinet Herve
Published: October 2022

Intraspecific competition at the larval stage is an important ecological factor affecting life‐history, adaptation and evolutionary trajectory in holometabolous insects. However, the molecular pathways underpinning these ecological processes are poorly characterized. We reared Drosophila melanogaster at three egg densities (5, 60, and 300 eggs/mL) and sequenced the transcriptomes of pooled third‐instar larvae. We also examined emergence time, egg‐to‐adult viability, adult mass, and adult sex‐ratio at each density. Medium crowding had minor detrimental effects on adult phenotypes compared to low density and yielded 24 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including several chitinase enzymes. In contrast, high crowding had substantial detrimental effects on adult phenotypes and yielded 2107 DEGs. Among these, upregulated gene sets were enriched in sugar, steroid and amino acid metabolism as well as DNA replication pathways, whereas downregulated gene sets were enriched in ABC transporters, taurine, Toll/Imd signaling, and P450 xenobiotics metabolism pathways. Overall, our findings show that larval crowding has a large consistent effect on several molecular pathways (i.e., core responses) with few pathways displaying density‐specific regulation (i.e., idiosyncratic responses). This provides important insights into how holometabolous insects respond to intraspecific competition during development.
What do they think of me? Professional diversity, meta‐stereotype negativity, suspicion, and counterproductive work behaviour
Authors: Mitchell Rebecca , Gu Jun , Boyle Brendan
Published: October 2022

Relatively little is known about the role of diversity in counterproductive work behaviour (CWB). Drawing on social categorisation theory, we develop and investigate a model of professional diversity on interpersonal CWB through the mediating role of suspicion and examine the role of perceived status differences as an important moderator of this indirect effect. Data from a sample of 63 United States healthcare teams (study 1) and 190 working professionals (study 2) suggest that professional diversity is positively predictive of suspicion within teams and highlights the explanatory role of meta‐stereotype negativity. Further, we find that suspicion may mediate the relationship between diversity and CWB, and that perceived status differences between professions moderate the impact of suspicion, and the indirect effect of diversity, on CWB. These results highlight the importance for human resource management leaders to understand the potentially dysfunctional impact of team diversity and the levers available to lessen these negative consequences.
A Community within a Community: Collectivism, Social Cohesion and Building a Healthy Black Childhood
Authors: Banwo Bodunrin O.
Published: October 2022

This article features in‐depth interviews and ethnographic vignettes that explore collectivism, social cohesion, and Black educational leadership as a strategy to infuse liberatory practices in the educational process. The article examines how the social foundation of African‐centered ethos of collectivism can shift how marginalized students approach and experience learning and socialization inside mainstream K‐12 educational systems. Additionally, this article introduces a new theoretical concept entitled Ethno‐Cultural Responsiveness. This theory explains how sub‐culture groups socialize new members into their particular ideological and sub‐cultural communities. This research demonstrates how African‐centered leaders shape their schools through an ideological inquiry designed to challenge what they perceive as the cultural negation of African histories and understandings. Moreover, the leaders featured in this article use their public‐facing political project (an African‐centered institution) grounded in the politics of Black Nationalism and Pan Africanism to design and shape their institutional cultures to be responsive to people racialized in western counties as Black.
Single‐use, co‐use, and polysubstance use of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis in sexual minority and heterosexual females
Authors: Ehlke Sarah J. , Kendzor Darla E. , Smith Michael A. , Sifat Munjireen S. , Boozary Laili K. , Cohn Amy M.
Published: October 2022

Background and Objective

Alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use are more prevalent in sexual minority females than heterosexual females, and their use is associated with adverse consequences. Identifying disparities in substance use patterns by sexual identity may inform interventions targeting this vulnerable group. This study examined differences between heterosexual and sexual minority females on patterns of past 30‐day tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use.

Methods

N = 3020 females (18.8% sexual minority) completed an online survey (September 2020–October 2021) that queried about past 30‐day tobacco/nicotine (cigarettes, e‐cigarettes, large cigar/LCCs, and other products), alcohol, and cannabis use. Participants were classified into one of eight patterns: no use, tobacco/nicotine‐only, alcohol‐only, cannabis‐only, alcohol and tobacco/nicotine, tobacco/nicotine and cannabis, alcohol and cannabis, and polysubstance use. A multinomial logistic regression model examined the association between sexual identity and each substance use group, controlling for demographics.

Results

Across both groups, no substance use was the most common pattern. Polysubstance use was the most common substance use pattern among sexual minority females. In adjusted regression models, sexual minority females were more likely to report cannabis‐only (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.58), tobacco/nicotine and cannabis co‐use (AOR = 1.74), alcohol and cannabis co‐use (AOR = 2.50), and polysubstance use (AOR = 2.60), compared to heterosexual females. [Correction added on 23 November 2022, after first online publication: In the preceding paragraph, the AOR and CI values were corrected.]

Discussion and Conclusions

Substance use patterns that involve cannabis are more common among sexual minority females.

Scientific Significance

This study extends prior research by using a large sample of females to examine differences based on sexual identity in patterns of tobacco/nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis use beyond single substance use and considers co‐use and polysubstance use.
Corporate Philanthropy and Analyst Forecast Accuracy: Evidence from China
Authors: Tang Jing , Huang Chenghao
Published: October 2022

Based on the perspective of market attention, this study investigates financial analysts' performance in the presence of corporate philanthropy in China. We find that the involvement of corporate philanthropy is associated with lower analyst forecast error. Additionally, our results show that the favorable effect of philanthropy on analyst forecast accuracy is stronger for firms with higher and easier information exposure in the face of engaging in corporate philanthropy. Collectively, our findings have important implications for academics and practitioners in understanding the function of corporate philanthropy in financial markets.
Exogenous hormone use and the risk of surgically treated cataract: Evidence from 91 760 female participants in the 45 and Up Study
Authors: Zhang Jiaqing , Shang Xianwen , Liu Zhenzhen , Tan Xuhua , He Mingguang , Han Xiaotong , Luo Lixia
Published: October 2022

Purpose

To investigate the association between exogenous hormone use and the risk of cataract surgery among working‐aged Australian women.

Methods

A total of 91 760 female participants aged 45–65 years and without prior history of cataract surgery were prospectively enrolled between January 2006 and December 2009 in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. A baseline self‐reported questionnaire was used to collect information on participant demographic, socio‐economic, lifestyle characteristics, medical history as well as the use of hormonal contraception and hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Cataract surgery for these participants during 2006–2019 was determined according to the Medicare Benefits Schedule database. Cox regression was used to assess the association between exogenous hormone use and incident cataract surgery during the follow‐up.

Results

During a mean follow‐up of 11.3 years, 10 444 participants underwent cataract surgery with a corresponding incidence of 11.4% (10 444/91 760). Compared with never users, ever and current users of HRT had a 22% and 14% increased risk of cataract surgery, respectively. A dose–response with longer HRT use resulting in a larger increase in cataract surgery risk was observed (p for trend <0.001). Among participants never used HRT, hormonal contraception had a protective effect against incident cataract surgery (hazards ratio: 0.87; 95% confidence interval: 0.80–0.94).

Conclusions

Use of HRT significantly increased the risk of cataract surgery, and hormonal contraception use had a protective effect on cataract surgery among HRT non‐users. Further studies assessing the effect of different hormone types and doses are needed.
Guidelines for conducting partnered research in applied psychology: An illustration from disability research in employment contexts
Authors: Fisher Sandra L. , Bonaccio Silvia , Jetha Arif , Winkler Monica , Birch Gary E. , Gignac Monique A. M.
Published: October 2022

The partnered research method, used routinely in other fields, offers great potential to improve the quality and practical use of applied psychology research. Partnered research integrates the perspectives of researchers, knowledge users, people who have lived experience with the attributes being studied, and other stakeholders in all elements of the research process, from the creation and generation of research questions to the methods used, the data analyzed, and the dissemination, application, and implementation of research results. We explain the concept of partnered research and provide a step‐by‐step roadmap for applied psychology scholars interested in conducting partnered research. In doing so, we also address common challenges with this method and provide advice on how to overcome them. We embed our description of the partnered research approach primarily in the context of research on disabilities and work but also offer examples drawn from other areas of applied psychology.
Blame it on her ‘baby brain’? Investigating the contents of social stereotypes about pregnant women's warmth and competence
Authors: Pownall Madeleine , Conner Mark , Hutter Russell R. C.
Published: October 2022

The Stereotype Content Model proposes that social stereotypes broadly exist along two dimensions: warmth and competence. This framework has been used to investigate the contents of stereotypes of gendered groups in a range of contexts. However, it has not been extensively applied to perceptions of pregnant women. This is important, given how pregnant women are typically framed by society to have ‘baby brain’ or reduced competence. Therefore, we investigated the contents of social stereotypes of pregnant women. In Study 1, participants (N = 590) rated a target group (pregnant women) and thirteen other comparison groups on perceptions of warmth (compassion, empathy and comfort) and competence (mathematics ability, logic and memory). Pregnant women were generally stereotyped to have low competence and high warmth, relative to other groups. Study 2 (N = 54) then descriptively investigated the wider contents of stereotypes related to pregnant women, new mothers, men and women using a trait generation task. Generated traits were coded within the dimensions of warmth and competence. This showed, again, that pregnant women were assigned traits related to warmth and poor competence. Taken together, these studies confirmed that perceptions of low competence and ‘baby brain’ in pregnancy is broadly held by a non‐pregnant sample.
A new goodness‐of‐fit measure for probit models: Surrogate R2
Authors: Liu Dungang , Zhu Xiaorui , Greenwell Brandon , Lin Zewei
Published: October 2022

Probit models are used extensively for inferential purposes in the social sciences as discrete data are prevalent in a vast body of social studies. Among many accompanying model inference problems, a critical question remains unsettled: how to develop a goodness‐of‐fit measure that resembles the ordinary least square (OLS) R2 used for linear models. Such a measure has long been sought to achieve ‘comparability’ of different empirical models across multiple samples addressing similar social questions. To this end, we propose a novel R2 measure for probit models using the notion of surrogacy – simulating a continuous variable as a surrogate of the original discrete response (Liu & Zhang, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 113, 845 and 2018). The proposed R2 is the proportion of the variance of the surrogate response explained by explanatory variables through a linear model, and we call it a surrogate R2. This paper shows both theoretically and numerically that the surrogate R2 approximates the OLS R2 based on the latent continuous variable, preserves the interpretation of explained variation, and maintains monotonicity between nested models. As no other pseudo R2, McKelvey and Zavoina's and McFadden's included, can meet all the three criteria simultaneously, our measure fills this crucial void in probit model inference.
Pandemic effects in the Solow growth model
Authors: Carmona Julio , León Ángel
Published: October 2022

We show how diseases can affect economic growth in a Solow growth model, with population growth and no technical progress, but modified to include a saving rate that depends on the individual health status. We successively insert this model into the SIS (susceptible–infected–susceptible) and SIR (susceptible–infected–recovered) models of disease spreading. In these two models, the spread of the infection proceeds according to the so‐called basic reproductive number. This number determines in which of the two possible equilibria, the disease‐free or the pandemic equilibrium, the economy ends. We show that output per capita is always lower in the pandemic steady state, which implies a contraction in the economy's production possibilities frontier.
The natural product argentatin C attenuates postoperative pain via inhibition of voltage‐gated sodium and T‐type voltage‐gated calcium channels
Authors: Duran Paz , Loya‐López Santiago , Ran Dongzhi , Tang Cheng , Calderon‐Rivera Aida , Gomez Kimberly , Stratton Harrison J. , Huang Sun , Xu Ya‐ming , Wijeratne E. M. Kithsiri , Perez‐Miller Samantha , Shan Zhiming , Cai Song , Gabrielsen Anna T. , Dorame Angie , Masterson Kyleigh A. , Alsbiei Omar , Madura Cynthia L. , Luo Guoqin , Moutal Aubin , Streicher John , Zamponi Gerald W. , Gunatilaka A. A. Leslie , Khanna Rajesh
Published: October 2022

Background and Purpose

Postoperative pain occurs in as many as 70% of surgeries performed worldwide. Postoperative pain management still relies on opioids despite their negative consequences, resulting in a public health crisis. Therefore, it is important to develop alternative therapies to treat chronic pain. Natural products derived from medicinal plants are potential sources of novel biologically active compounds for development of safe analgesics. In this study, we screened a library of natural products to identify small molecules that target the activity of voltage‐gated sodium and calcium channels that have important roles in nociceptive sensory processing.

Experimental Approach

Fractions derived from the Native American medicinal plant, Parthenium incanum, were assessed using depolarization‐evoked calcium influx in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Further separation of these fractions yielded a cycloartane‐type triterpene identified as argentatin C, which was additionally evaluated using whole‐cell voltage and current‐clamp electrophysiology, and behavioural analysis in a mouse model of postsurgical pain.

Key Results

Argentatin C blocked the activity of both voltage‐gated sodium and low‐voltage‐activated (LVA) calcium channels in calcium imaging assays. Docking analysis predicted that argentatin C may bind to NaV1.7–1.9 and CaV3.1–3.3 channels. Furthermore, argentatin C decreased Na+ and T‐type Ca2+ currents as well as excitability in rat and macaque DRG neurons, and reversed mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of postsurgical pain.

Conclusion and Implications

These results suggest that the dual effect of argentatin C on voltage‐gated sodium and calcium channels supports its potential as a novel treatment for painful conditions.
Trans migrations: Seeking refuge in “safe haven” Toronto
Authors: Jacob Tai , Oswin Natalie
Published: October 2022

Trans and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people who make refugee claims in Canada negotiate a complex nexus of identity, belonging, and citizenship. Drawing on insights from TGNC refugees, immigration lawyers, and frontline workers, in this paper we examine the ways the state controls the trans body through the refugee claims process and in the process of integration into life in Canada, while also highlighting trans refugee methods of survival and resistance. What emerges is an understanding of the ways that refugees navigate the tension between gender, sexuality, and homecoming as both intimately felt and geopolitically managed. We convey TGNC refugee narratives to demonstrate how they both confirm and expand upon the existing literature on Canadian LGBTQ+ refugees. TGNC refugees' experiences at the Immigration and Refugee Board confirm insights from existing LGBTQ+ refugee studies. However, TGNC refugees' day‐to‐day lives differ significantly from LGB refugee lives as recounted in the literature. In TGNC refugees' attempts to access gender‐affirming documentation, healthcare, housing, and income, they confront distinct systems of transgender exceptionalism, border imperialism, and racial and heteropatriarchal capitalism that limit their access to basic necessities and impact how they build home both conceptually and materially.
Editorial: Suicide prevention in youth
Authors: Berk Michele S.
Published: October 2022

Reducing deaths by suicide in youth is an urgent public health goal and effective treatment approaches remain limited. This editorial reviews new research published in this issue of Child and Adolescent Mental health that may inform youth suicide prevention efforts, including an open trial of a new, family‐focused group intervention for youth with suicidal ideation and findings showing that life problems associated with presentation to the emergency department for self‐harm vary by age and gender. The need for multi‐component treatments that have the flexibility to target a range of life problems/risk factors and to include families in treatment is discussed, along with the need to find a way to make such interventions scalable. Finally, this editorial addresses this issue’s debate by discussing the role of mindfulness in dialectical behavior therapy for suicidal youth and the need to carefully monitor and further examine the effectiveness and safety of mindfulness with this patient population.
Expanding allelic and phenotypic spectrum of ZC4H2‐related disorder: A novel hypomorphic variant and high prevalence of tethered cord
Authors: Wongkittichote Parith , Choi Tae‐Ik , Kim Oc‐Hee , Riley Kacie , Koeberl Dwight , Narayanan Vinodh , Ramsey Keri , Balak Chris , Schwartz Charles E. , Cueto‐Gonzalez Anna Maria , Casadesus Francina Munell , Kim Cheol‐Hee , Shinawi Marwan S.
Published: October 2022

ZC4H2 (MIM# 300897) is a nuclear factor involved in various cellular processes including proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, ventral spinal patterning and osteogenic and myogenic processes. Pathogenic variants in ZC4H2 have been associated with Wieacker‐Wolff syndrome (MIM# 314580), an X‐linked neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by arthrogryposis, development delay, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, poor growth, skeletal abnormalities, and dysmorphic features. Zebrafish zc4h2 null mutants recapitulated the human phenotype, showed complete loss of vsx2 expression in brain, and exhibited abnormal swimming and balance problems. Here we report 7 new patients (four males and three females) with ZC4H2‐related disorder from six unrelated families. Four of the 6 ZC4H2 variants are novel: three missense variants, designated as c.142T>A (p.Tyr48Asn), c.558G>A (p.Met186Ile) and c.602C>T (p.Pro201Leu), and a nonsense variant, c.618C>A (p.Cys206*). Two variants were previously reported : a nonsense variant c.199C>T (p.Arg67*) and a splice site variant (c.225+5G>A). Five patients were on the severe spectrum of clinical findings, two of whom had early death. The male patient harboring the p.Met186Ile variant and the female patient that carries the p.Pro201Leu variant have a relatively mild phenotype. Of note, 4/7 patients had a tethered cord that required a surgical repair. We also demonstrate and discuss previously under‐recognized phenotypic features including sleep apnea, arrhythmia, hypoglycemia, and unexpected early death. To study the effect of the missense variants, we performed microinjection of human ZC4H2 wild‐type or variant mRNAs into zc4h2 null mutant zebrafish embryos. The p.Met186Ile mRNA variant was able to partially rescue vsx2 expression while p.Tyr48Asn and p.Pro201Leu mRNA variants were not. However, swimming and balance problems could not be rescued by any of these variants. These results suggest that the p.Met186Ile is a hypomorphic allele. Our work expands the genotypes and phenotypes associated with ZC4H2‐related disorder and demonstrates that the zebrafish system is a reliable method to determine the pathogenicity of ZC4H2 variants.
Robust surgical scheduling for nonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) under surgical duration uncertainty
Authors: Wang Jian‐Jun , Dai Zongli , Chang Jasmine , Shi Jim (Junmin) , Liu Haiguan
Published: October 2022

Nonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) refers to the practice and administration of anesthesia or sedation outside the operating room (OR), which has been increasingly implemented in practice. The novelty of NORA is to separate the anesthesia preoperative stage from an OR for the sake of saving OR time and improving its efficiency. In this article, we study the scheduling problem for NORA considering both anesthetic rooms (ARs) and operating rooms (ORs) based on ambiguous information about surgical durations. Our goal is to devise a robust and efficient scheduling mechanism for NORA. To address this problem, we develop a two‐stage mixed‐integer Robust Optimization (RO) model that minimizes the total costs, including the sum of operating costs of opened ORs and ARs, delay cost of surgeries, and overtime cost of ORs. Decisions include the number of ARs and ORs to open, the allocation of patients to ARs and ORs, the sequence of surgeries, and the planned starting time for each surgery. Accordingly, a heuristic algorithm, so‐called column‐and‐constraint generation (C&CG), is developed that renders a desirable performance. Some salient properties of the problem are also discussed. In addition, by leveraging practical data in conjunction with data reported in the extant research, the computational efficacy of the proposed algorithm is verified under various sets of parameters. Our numerical experiments reveal that (1) the implementation of NORA can reduce the OR overtime cost and the waiting time of patients; (2) our proposed Robust Optimization (RO) model possesses stronger robustness and computational efficiency than the distributionally robust model (DRO); and (3) while considering surgical duration uncertainty, the developed scheduling approach outperforms the corresponding deterministic setting in terms of decreasing the total cost and alleviating the surgery delay. Generally, the proposed approach is more adaptive to take the advantage of the surgical duration uncertainty to enhance its efficacy.
A novel agonist for the HGF receptor MET promotes differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into hepatocyte‐like cells
Authors: Tauran Yannick , Lereau‐Bernier Myriam , Segard Bertrand David , Danoy Mathieu , Kimura Keiichi , Shinohara Marie , Brioude Arnaud , Sakai Yasuyuki , de Jonge Hugo , Melnyk Oleg , Vicogne Jérôme , Leclerc Eric
Published: October 2022

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is the natural ligand of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase. This ligand–receptor couple is essential for the maturation process of hepatocytes. Previously, the rational design of a synthetic protein based on the assembly of two K1 domains from HGF led to the production of a potent and stable MET receptor agonist. In this study, we compared the effects of K1K1 with HGF during the differentiation of hepatocyte progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). In vitro, K1K1, in the range of 20 to 200 nM, successfully substituted for HGF and efficiently activated ERK downstream signaling. Analysis of the levels of hepatocyte markers showed typical liver mRNA and protein expression (HNF4α, albumin, alpha‐fetoprotein, CYP3A4) and phenotypes. Although full maturation was not achieved, the results suggest that K1K1 is an attractive candidate MET agonist suitable for replacing complex and expensive HGF treatments to induce hepatic differentiation of hiPSCs.