bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GIS-BASED ANALYSIS ACCESSIBILITY TO DESTINATIONS BASED ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Authors: A. Hussein Ayah , M. Asmael Noor
Published: September 2021

Baghdad city depended on the private auto in transport and this led to great problems with increasing congestion and traffic problems. Existing public transport suffers from poor accessibility to opportunities which is considered the main existing problem. The local agency decided to construct Baghdad Elevated Train as one of the keys to solve this problem and decrease congestion. This study aims to discuss the changes that the installing of the planned train line could make, by using the Geographical Information System (GIS) to model the transportation networks (sidewalks, public transport network, and the planned elevated train) for two scenarios, first for the current public transport network and second for the long-term situation of the adding of the planned train, furthermore, to find the coverage area for each station and determine the population can be served for each station depending on the census of the zones for the year 2020. The modeled network databases were used to create the closest facility between the centroid of the 43 zones and the selected facilities (Commercial, Educational, Governmental, and Hospitals). The results revealed that the additional service of the train reduced the travel time between Al-Sadr City to four destinations selected for the mentioned facilities by the following percentages (62%, 40%, 46%, and 65%) respectively. Moreover, the population coverage stated that stations 8, 9, and 10 are the most populated.
JUTE AND COTTON COMPOSITES REINFORCED UNSATURATED POLYESTER
Authors: A. Mansor Sarraa , H. Majeed Amer
Published: September 2021

In this study, the effect of adding two different types of reinforcing natural fibers (jute and cotton) singly and in combination as a hybrid to unsaturated polyester resin was investigated. At the first discontinuous random fibers used in (5)mm length are added separately with different weight fraction as (3, 4.5, 6, and 7.5 wt.%) for both types fibers, then these fibers were mixed at (3.75 wt.% jute, 3.75 wt.% cotton) in (5)mm long. and The mechanical tests (hardness, Impact, and compression), as well as moisture absorption, are performed. The results show an increase in these properties with increasing weight fraction of fibers (jute & cotton) and reach the maximum amount at the addition of weight fraction of (7.5 wt.%) of both fibers (jute and cotton) separately. All composite specimens reinforced with jute fibers showed the highest hardness, Impact, compression, and moisture absorption among the composite specimen reinforced by cotton fibers and higher than in combination as a hybrid it was (93.1, 28.81 KJ/m2, 205 Mpa., and 1.4%) respectively.
EXTRACTION OF ZINC SULFATE THAT UTILIZES IN THE MANUFACTURING OF FOOD SUPPLEMENTS BY USAGE (ZN-C) BATTERIES WASTES
Authors: A. Ahmed Mohammed
Published: September 2021

Spent zinc-carbon (dry cell) batteries have negative environmental effects. It is necessary to save the environment from them and take back the mineral values from these batteries. Many engineering materials were contained in the spent batteries. A large amount of anode zinc (zinc casing) was occupied in spent batteries, therefore; it must be recovered on the form of a useful and essential chemical compounds that can be used in daily life. It is found from the chemical composition an anode zinc (zinc casing), it was over 99 percent perspicuous with a very small percentage of traces metals in it. Zinc sulfate was known as a significant food supplement for humans, animals and plants. It can be made by investing the selective corrosion resulted from the chemical reaction between zinc metal and diluted sulfuric acid. Thus, the zinc sulfate heptahydrate was produced. Zinc sulfate heptahydrate resulted from corrosion reactions was tested by XRD and it was found similar to standard patterns. The XRD pattern of zinc sulfate heptahydrate shows four major peaks happened at (2ϴ). The most intense peak for zinc sulfate heptahydrate happened at 27.5°. In addition, to hydrogen gas was produced as a by-product of that reaction.
Ecological assessment of the Zaporizhzya (Dniprovsky) reservoir
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Nikolenko Y. V. , Fedonenko O. V. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: September 2021

Environmental assessment of water is an integral part of monitoring water bodies. It provides information about water as a component of the aquatic ecosystem, the habitat of hydrobionts and an essential part of the natural environment, which is necessary for establishing environmental standards for water quality and adoption of measures to improve the ecological state of water bodies. Assessment of the quality of the ecological environment is an important parameter of sustainable development, necessary for the rational use of nature. Currently, the Zaporizhzhia (Dnipro) reservoir is exposed to increased anthropogenic impact, which affects water quality. The ecological state of the reservoir is deteriorating, and mass algal bloom is observed. The work aims to provide an integrated environmental assessment of water quality in different sites of the Zaporizhzhia reservoir. The study was conducted in 2019 at 5 sites along the course of the Zaporizke reservoir, which differ in hydrological and hydrochemical conditions: Samara Bay, Festivalnyi pier, Monastyrsky island, creek of the Mokra Sura river and the lower section of the reservoir (near Viyskove village), following generally accepted hydrobiological methods. The article calculates block indices and provides an environmental assessment of the water quality of the Zaporizhzhia reservoir according to the "Methodology for environmental assessment of surface water quality in the corresponding categories. The assessment of water quality by the criteria of contamination with salt composition components indicates that the water body condition is good at most of the studied points. The worst indicators were recorded in Samara Bay, where increased mineralization is observed for a long time. The trophic-saprobological block revealed to have the worst indicators and a high amplitude of index fluctuations. No significant deviations were observed in terms of the content of toxic and radiation exposure indicators throughout the entire studied water area, which makes it possible to assign water to the same class. It has been determined that the water quality of the Zaporizhzhia reservoir according to the average annual data is characterized as "good" in terms of the state and "clean, fairly clean" in terms of purity degree. However, during the study period, significant deviations from the average were observed, especially in the summer. There is a need for systematic monitoring of the reservoir, the establishment of annual dynamics, which will make it possible to determine the causes of deteriorating water quality and develop ways to address them.
Karyotypes of Pentatomoidea additional to those published by Ueshima, 1979 (Heteroptera)
Authors: Kerzhner I.M. , Kuznetsova V.G. , Rider D.A.
Published: September 2021

A list of pentatomoid karyotypes published after the monograph by Ueshima (1979) or overlooked by him is given. It includes 131 species.
A new species of Stictophaula and corrected diagnoses for subspecies of S. spinosolaminata (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: September 2021

Stictophaula mikhaili sp. n. from Java is described. The diagnoses of S. spinosolaminata disjuncta Gor. and S. s. spinosolaminata (Br.-W.) are corrected.
Record of the water mite Limnesia caucasica Tuzovskij from Karelia with description of the deutonymph (Acariformes: Limnesiidae)
Authors: Tuzovskij P.V.
Published: September 2021

The water mite Limnesia caucasica is recorded from Karelia. An illustrated description of the deutonymph is given.
Diário formativo: os estudantes de ciências sociais e seu processo de formação
Authors: De Morais Erivania , De Paiva Irene Alves de Paiva
Published: September 2021

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a formação docente a partir da alternativa metodológica “Diário formativo”, que foi desenvolvida com estudantes da licenciatura em ciências sociais da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, durante um curso de extensão, denominado de “Formação e profissão de professores em ciências sociais: perspectivas teóricas-metodológicas e os desafios da prática” realizado em 2019. Assim, elencamos como objetivos específicos: Problematizar o diário formativo como uma alternativa metodológica possível para o processo de formação e autoformação; Contextualizar os sujeitos da pesquisa; Apontar reflexões preliminares acerca da escrita dos diários formativos. Para desenvolver uma reflexão acerca dos objetivos, optamos por uma metodologia de caráter qualitativo, com revisão teórica pautado em Ardoino (1998); Barbosa (1998; 2000; 2008);  Barbosa e Hess (2010); Hess e Weigand (2006), entre outros e análise parcial dos diários formativos dos estudantes participantes da pesquisa. Para as análises, nos apoiamos numa perspectiva multirreferencial e em Bardin (2010) com análise de conteúdo, no qual, foi possível evidenciar: a relevância de construir alternativas de escrita de si; o fomento de uma formação autônoma, crítica e reflexiva; e autoformação que permita o sujeito se perceber no processo formativo e transformar suas ações na sua relação com cotidiano.
Femoral head to lower lumbar neural foramen distance as a novel radiographic parameter to predict postoperative stretch neuropraxia
Authors: Ha Alex S. , Cerpa Meghan , Mathew Justin , Park Paul , Lombardi Joseph M. , Luzzi Andrew J. , Lee Nathan J. , Dyrszka Marc D. , Sardar Zeeshan M. , Lehman Ronald A. , Lenke Lawrence G.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Lumbosacral fractional curves in adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients often have sharp coronal curves resulting in significant pain and imbalance. Postoperative stretch neuropraxia after fractional curve correction can lead to discomfort and unsatisfactory outcomes. The goal of this study was to use radiographic measures to increase understanding of the relationship between postoperative stretch neuropraxia and fractional curve correction.

METHODS

In 62 ASD patients treated from 2015 to 2018, radiographic review was performed, including measurement of the distance between the lower lumbar neural foramen (L4 and L5) in the concavity and convexity of the lumbosacral fractional curve and the ipsilateral femoral heads (FHs; L4–FH and L5–FH) in pre- and postoperative anteroposterior spine radiographs. The largest absolute preoperative to postoperative change in distance between the lower lumbar neural foramen and the ipsilateral FH (ΔL4/L5–FH) was used for analysis. Chi-square analyses, independent and paired t-tests, and logistic regression were performed to study the relationship between L4/L5–FH and stretch neuropraxia for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.

RESULTS

Of the 62 patients, 13 (21.0%) had postoperative stretch neuropraxia. Patients without postoperative stretch neuropraxia had an average ΔL4–FH distance of 16.2 mm compared to patients with stretch neuropraxia, who had an average ΔL4–FH distance of 31.5 mm (p < 0.01). Patients without postoperative neuropraxia had an average ΔL5–FH distance of 11.1 mm compared to those with stretch neuropraxia, who had an average ΔL5–FH distance of 23.0 mm (p < 0.01). Chi-square analysis showed that patients had a 4.78-fold risk of developing stretch neuropraxia with ΔL4–FH > 20 mm (95% CI 1.3–17.3) and a 5.17-fold risk of developing stretch neuropraxia with ΔL5–FH > 15 mm (95% CI 1.4–18.7). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds of developing stretch neuropraxia were 15:1 with a ΔL4–FH > 20 mm (95% CI 3–78) and 21:1 with a ΔL5–FH > 15 mm (95% CI 4–113).

CONCLUSIONS

The novel ΔL4/L5–FH distances are strongly associated with postoperative stretch neuropraxia in ASD patients. A ΔL4–FH > 20 mm and ΔL5–FH > 15 mm significantly increase the odds for patients to develop postoperative stretch neuropraxia.
Intraoperative halo-femoral traction during posterior spinal arthrodesis for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis curves between 70° and 100°: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hu Miao , Lai Aining , Zhang Zheng , Chen Jingjing , Lin Tao , Ma Jun , Wang Ce , Meng Yichen , Zhou Xuhui
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Surgical management of scoliosis curves between 70° and 100° remains controversial. The authors designed this randomized controlled trial to validate the efficacy of intraoperative halo-femoral traction (IOHFT) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), Cobb angles between 70° and 100°, and flexibility < 35%.

METHODS

The authors prospectively recruited and randomized 29 patients with severe AIS scheduled for posterior surgery into a traction group or control (nontraction) group. The primary outcome measures were operative time, blood loss, and length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes included degree of spine deformity correction, traction-related complications, and health-related quality of life.

RESULTS

In the traction group, the average preoperative Cobb angle was 83.2°, with an average 20.6% flexibility. The average postoperative Cobb angle was 16.1° and the major curve was 18.3° at the final follow-up. In the control group, the average preoperative major curve was 80.3° with 22.8% flexibility. The average postoperative Cobb angle was 16.1° and the major curve was 18.1° at the final follow-up. The operative duration was 325.7 minutes for the traction group and 385.4 minutes for the control group (p = 0.018). Compared with the control group, the traction group had a 29.5% reduction in intraoperative blood loss and a significantly lower rate of blood transfusion (13.3% vs 50.0%, p = 0.033). There were no neurological complications in either group. One patient in the traction group had a superficial infection at the traction site.

CONCLUSIONS

Use of IOHFT contributed to significant reductions in operative time and blood transfusion requirements, with no added morbidity. It is an effective and safe method to assist correction of AIS curves between 70° and 100° and flexibility < 35%.
Variations in management of A3 and A4 cervical spine fractures as designated by the AO Spine Subaxial Injury Classification System
Authors: Kweh Barry Ting Sheen , Tee Jin Wee , Muijs Sander , Oner F. Cumhur , Schnake Klaus John , Benneker Lorin Michael , Vialle Emiliano Neves , Kanziora Frank , Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan , Schroeder Gregory , Vaccaro Alexander R. , _ _
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Optimal management of A3 and A4 cervical spine fractures, as defined by the AO Spine Subaxial Injury Classification System, remains controversial. The objectives of this study were to determine whether significant management variations exist with respect to 1) fracture location across the upper, middle, and lower subaxial cervical spine and 2) geographic region, experience, or specialty.

METHODS

A survey was internationally distributed to 272 AO Spine members across six geographic regions (North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East). Participants’ management of A3 and A4 subaxial cervical fractures across cervical regions was assessed in four clinical scenarios. Key characteristics considered in the vignettes included degree of neurological deficit, pain severity, cervical spine stability, presence of comorbidities, and fitness for surgery. Respondents were also directly asked about their preferences for operative management and misalignment acceptance across the subaxial cervical spine.

RESULTS

In total, 155 (57.0%) participants completed the survey. Pooled analysis demonstrated that surgeons were more likely to offer operative intervention for both A3 (p < 0.001) and A4 (p < 0.001) fractures located at the cervicothoracic junction compared with fractures at the upper or middle subaxial cervical regions. There were no significant variations in management for junctional incomplete (p = 0.116) or complete (p = 0.342) burst fractures between geographic regions. Surgeons with more than 10 years of experience were more likely to operatively manage A3 (p < 0.001) and A4 (p < 0.001) fractures than their younger counterparts. Neurosurgeons were more likely to offer surgical stabilization of A3 (p < 0.001) and A4 (p < 0.001) fractures than their orthopedic colleagues. Clinicians from both specialties agreed regarding their preference for fixation of lower junctional A3 (p = 0.866) and A4 (p = 0.368) fractures. Overall, surgical fixation was recommended more often for A4 than A3 fractures in all four scenarios (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The subaxial cervical spine should not be considered a single unified entity. Both A3 and A4 fracture subtypes were more likely to be surgically managed at the cervicothoracic junction than the upper or middle subaxial cervical regions. The authors also determined that treatment strategies for A3 and A4 subaxial cervical spine fractures varied significantly, with the latter demonstrating a greater likelihood of operative management. These findings should be reflected in future subaxial cervical spine trauma algorithms.
ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАДАННЯ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ ПУБЛІЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ ОБ’ЄДНАНИМИ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИМИ ГРОМАДАМИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: ТИЩЕНКОВА Ірина
Published: September 2021

Усесвітній розвиток інформаційних технологій, їх широке застосування у всіх сферах життя вимагають перетворення державних процесів відповідно до сучасних умов, зокрема надання адміністративних та інших публічних послуг в електронній формі. Головна мета переведення адміністративних послуг в електронний формат – зробити державне управління більш ефективним. А це вимагає оптимізації адміністративних послуг, перегляду процесів взаємодії між органами влади, налагодження електронної взаємодії державних реєстрів тощо. На сьогодні до сфери публічних послуг віднесені послуги, що надаються органами виконавчої влади, органами місцевого самоврядування, підприємствами, установами та організаціями, які належать до сфери їх управління, і є результатом здійснення ними владних повноважень. Важлива роль у розбудові України як соціальної, правової, демократичної держави належить запровадженню реформи з децентралізації влади, яка зумовлює відповідні процеси розвитку інституту об’єднаної територіальної громади як первинного суб’єкта місцевого самоврядування. Створення об’єднаних територіальних громад стало основою для формування сприятливого життєвого середовища, необхідного для всебічного розвитку людини, її самореалізації та захисту прав. У сучасних умовах поступу інформаційного суспільства реформа будь-якої галузі передбачає широке використання інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій (далі – ІКТ) для досягнення необхідного рівня ефективності та результативності. Запровадження ефективних інформаційно-комунікаційних інновацій у діяльність об’єднаних територіальних громад є актуальним, адже надає найкращі можливості сфокусуватися на потребах громадян. Саме завдяки використанню ІКТ місцева влада поліпшує умови, необхідні для забезпечення належної реалізації громадянами своїх прав та охоронюваних законом інтересів.
ДЕЯКІ ПИТАННЯ ПРАВОВОГО СТАТУСУ УПОВНОВАЖЕНИХ ОРГАНІВ ІЗ ПИТАНЬ ФОРМУВАННЯ ДЕРЖАВНИХ РЕЄСТРІВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: ПРИШЕДЬКО Максим
Published: September 2021

У статті подано результати загальнотеоретичного дослідження особливостей правового статусу уповноважених органів державного управління, інших державних органів із питань формування державних реєстрів, безпосередніх суб’єктів формування та функціонування державних реєстрів, досліджено основні підходи до формування їх правового статусу та запропоновано напрями їх оптимізації.
ОБ’ЄКТ КРИМІНАЛЬНОГО ПРАВОПОРУШЕННЯ ЩОДО НЕЦІЛЬОВОГО ВИКОРИСТАННЯ БЮДЖЕТНИХ КОШТІВ, ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ ВИДАТКІВ БЮДЖЕТУ ЧИ НАДАННЯ КРЕДИТІВ ІЗ БЮДЖЕТУ БЕЗ УСТАНОВЛЕНИХ БЮДЖЕТНИХ ПРИЗНАЧЕНЬ АБО З ЇХ ПЕРЕВИЩЕННЯМ
Authors: ЛЕОНЕНКО Тетяна , ШИЯН Дмитро , ШИЯН Ольга
Published: September 2021

Здійснено спробу визначення об’єкта кримінального правопорушення щодо нецільового використання бюджетних коштів, здійснення видатків бюджету чи надання кредитів із бюджету без установлених бюджетних призначень або з їх перевищенням, на підставі аналізу наукових поглядів, теоретичних положень та законодавства з цієї проблеми. З урахуванням того, що кримінальні правопорушення, передбачені ст.ст. 210, 211 Кримінального кодексу України (КК), посягають на бюджетну систему України, зокрема на відносини, що виникають у процесі виконання бюджетів, а ці відносини не належать до господарських, і діяльність у цій сфері не є господарською, видається доцільним змінити чинну назву розділу VII «Кримінальні правопорушення у сфері господарської діяльності» Особливої частини КК, що містить указані статті, на таку: «Кримінальні правопорушення у сфері господарської діяльності та бюджетної системи». Основним безпосереднім об’єктом кримінального правопорушення, передбаченого ст. 210 КК, є суспільні відносини, що виникають у процесі виконання державного та місцевих бюджетів у частині використання бюджетних коштів для забезпечення завдань і функцій, що здійснюються органами державної влади, органами влади Автономної Республіки Крим, органами місцевого самоврядування протягом бюджетного періоду.
РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ РАЗВИТИЯ РЕЙДЕРСТВА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ
Authors: ХАМИТОВ Бауыржан
Published: September 2021

В умовах сучасної ринкової економіки в Казахстані кримінальні елементи активно практикують використання механізму рейдерських захоплень фірм і підприємств. Незважаючи на те що рейдерство було популярно в XX столітті, в даний час воно перетворюється, методи рейдерських захоплень удосконалюються, і деколи складно розмежувати їх і цивільно-правові спори. Сучасна практика показує, що для рейдерських захоплень широко використовується недосконале законодавство, особливо законодавчі прогалини. У статті проаналізовано виникнення рейдерства в Казахстані, його розвиток, нинішній стан, а також відображені державні заходи з протидії рейдерству на всіх його етапах.
АНАЛІЗ СТАНУ НАУКОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ОПЕРАТИВНО-РОЗШУКОВОЇ ПРОТИДІЇ КРИМІНАЛЬНИМ ПРАВОПОРУШЕННЯМ, ЩО ВЧИНЯЮТЬСЯ У ПРІОРИТЕТНИХ ГАЛУЗЯХ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: ДАРАГАН Валерій , БАЛАБАН Сергій
Published: September 2021

Проаналізовано наукові доробки вчених щодо вивчення окремих проблем оперативно-розшукової протидії кримінальним правопорушенням, що вчиняються у пріоритетних галузях економіки, зокрема: агропромисловий комплекс; житлово-комунальний комплекс; машинобудівний комплекс; транспортна інфраструктура; курортно-рекреаційна сфера і туризм; переробна промисловість. Встановлено, що на сьогодні дослідження, присвячені проблемам оперативно-розшукової протидії кримінальним правопорушенням у сфері економіки, що вчиняються на підприємствах машинобудівного комплексу та у курортно-рекреаційній сфері, зовсім не виконувалися. Дослідження, присвячені окремим проблемам оперативно-розшукової протидії кримінальним правопорушенням, що вчиняються в інших пріоритетних галузях економіки, виконувалися здебільшого до реформування підрозділів органів внутрішніх справ.
РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦІЯ ПОВНОВАЖЕНЬ ЩОДО ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ ДІЗНАННЯ У КРИМІНАЛЬНОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ
Authors: ГАРКУША Аліна , ПЕТРИЧЕНКО Євгенія
Published: September 2021

Комплексно досліджено регламентацію повноважень суб’єктів кримінального процесу, які здійснюють дізнання. У роботі розглядаються висловлені в науковій літературі підходи щодо розуміння їх сутності та місця в системі суб’єктів кримінального провадження. Розглянуто питання, пов’язане із способом визначення провадження суб’єктів уповноважених здійснювати досудове розслідування кримінальних проступків. Авторами розкрито особливості реалізації повноважень дізнавача та працівників поліції інших підрозділів органів Національної поліції України, які уповноважені здійснювати досудове розслідування кримінальних проступків.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРО ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ЕТНІЧНОЇ АВТЕНТИЧНОСТІ СУТНОСТІ ЛЮДИНИ
Authors: ПОПОВСЬКИЙ Анатолій , ХМЕЛЬ-ДУНАЙ Галина
Published: September 2021

У статті висвітлено міжетнічні зв’язки українців та литовців з погляду їхнього суспільно-історичного розвитку в плані державотворення, культурно-економічних зв’язків, ролі видатних постатей, особливості лексичних, фольклорних, етноантропонімних чинників, діяльності культурно-ділових центрів, спрямованих на збереження етнічної автентичності в сучасних умовах життєдіяльності.
On the History of Formation of Modern Taiwan Stance on the Rights to Maritime Features and Area in the South China Sea
Authors: Dikarev Andrei D.
Published: September 2021

The article highlights the history of formation of the official Taiwanese discourse on the problems of territorial affiliation and legal claims to the islands in the South China Sea. Two leading political parties of Taiwan (Guomindang and DPP) have substantial differences in their approach to the sovereignty on the features in SCS and “historical rights” to the sea. Details are given about reasons for emergence and disappearance of the concept of "historical waters" in the Taiwanese law, which allegedly should have been subject to the jurisdiction of the Republic of China. Taiwan's activities on the two features in the SCS aimed at demonstrating their "effective occupation" are highlighted. Official stance of different administrations and its changes are considered in detail. While sharing the same approach to the status of Taiping island, Guomindang and DPP disagree on affiliation of all other land features in the SCS. When considering the interpretation of the notorious "U-shaped line" by Taiwanese politicians, a conclusion is made about the actual proximity of the foreign policy stances of the PRC and the Guomindang, which are based on the idea of the common Chinese identity, revealed by significant part of the Taiwan inhabitants. As for the approach of DPP to the problem of SCS, the determining factor here is the Taiwanese identity of its supporters. This further complicates the situation: the DPP, on the one hand, proclaims sovereignty over all SCS facilities to demonstrate unity with PRC on the issue of China's territorial integrity, on the other hand — pragmatically recognizes the impossibility of actual exercising its nominal sovereignty over the disputed territories. Thus an obvious contradiction between theory and practice in the Taiwanese policy is revealed. The nuances of Taiwanese attitude to the award of the Hague Tribunal on the Philippines vs China case are elucidated. The reasons of the tribunal’s refusal to provide status of island to the biggest feature in Nansha group are determined.
Problems and Prospects for the DPRK’s Development: Forecasting Model-2021
Authors: Asmolov Konstantin
Published: September 2021

Since the 1990s, there have been many publications predicting an imminent "collapse of the North Korean regime" or a shift of the country’s political vector. However, this has not happened so far, and the DPRK’s political regime continues to exist. What leads to such chronically unrealistic forecasts for North Korea, and what are alternative options for the future of this country in the short and medium term?
Revising a number of unfulfilled predictions, the authors try to explain the reason for these failures. They are usually closely related to an ideological framework, lack of information and dependence on certain sources, which leads to an underestimation of the DPRK's capabilities and misinterpretation of data, when any event is seen as a sign of the regime’s imminent collapse. Using the theoretical approaches of G. Tallok and V.I. Lenin, the article identifies the main types of threats to the current political regime (external invasion, a coup within the elite, economic collapse, mass protests), as well as the likelihood of their implementation under the current policies of the DPRK leadership.
The authors describe several development scenarios based on an analysis of factors that can affect the situation in North Korea in the short and medium term. Maintaining the status quo stands out in the first place in terms of probability. Less likely scenarios include “sinofication” due to Beijing's growing influence on Pyongyang, military escalation leading to an armed conflict on the Korean Peninsula, political and economic crisis.
INVESTMENT ON ESG-PRINCIPLES AS A DETERMINING FACTOR OF INFLUENCE ON THE COMPETITIVENESS OF METALLURGICAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   “Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic” National University, TKACHENKO ALLA , KOLESNIK ELEONORA ,   Classic Private University
Published: September 2021

The article states that the traditional model of economic growth of metallurgy due to the export of energy-intensive products no longer works, new impulses and effective tools are needed to transform the current model of economic growth to the latest model – the model of low-carbon production. Emphasis is placed on the importance of ESG-investment in the process of transformation to a low-carbon economy and its impact on the competitiveness of enterprises. It is substantiated that the introduction of ESG-investment requires the formation of a certain regulatory environment, and accordingly to clarify the substantive component of this concept and its operationalization, bringing the concept to a form that will work with it on a practical level, operate it in solving specific analytical and forecasting tasks, verify or refute research hypotheses. The author’s definition of ESG investing is proposed as an investment aimed at minimizing ESG risks, reducing environmental pollution to levels that do not harm human health and natural ecosystems, as well as strengthening social responsibility and improving corporate governance. It is substantiated that Ukraine’s delay in ratifying international regulations on the introduction of ESG-investing and ignoring the world experience in creating a regulatory environment for investing in ESG-principles threatens metallurgical enterprises with the loss of investors and, accordingly, competitive positions in the global metal market. Using specific examples from world experience, the need to recognize the standardization of reporting on the impact of business on climate and environment, one of the priority issues in the formation of the regulatory environment of ESG-investment. An arsenal of effective measures for the formation of the regulatory environment of ESG-investment, the introduction of which in domestic practice will allow to make effective and optimal management decisions to maintain the position of domestic metallurgical enterprises in the TOP-10 leading countries in metal production.
SWOT-ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCING OF ACCOUNTING SERVICES
Authors:   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, ADASIUK ILONA , MARTYNIUK OKSANA ,   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering
Published: September 2021

The article based on SWOT-analysis of outsourcing of accounting services. Accounting services can be improved if you can work on your strengths, as well as correct the weaknesses of the company or area where you lose points. SWOT-analysis is considered as a tool of strategic management to determine the feasibility of using accounting outsourcing as a way to optimize the enterprise. SWOT consists mainly of two main parts: strengths and weaknesses, which will indicate the internal aspect, and threats and opportunities related to external factors for the company (but those that are present in the environment). In essence, we test the effectiveness of the accounting services provided by the contractors that your business provides against this background. With this analysis, the firm can understand the problems, ie where they lack work and why, because these are periods during the year when work becomes fragile. Why this happens is best analyzed because of it. A set of business goals are things that outsourcing companies need to invest because simple marketing is not enough. The analysis of advantages and disadvantages of accounting outsourcing is carried out and the necessity of SWOT-analysis of potential risks and advantages of using perspectives of accounting outsourcing is emphasized. The internal and external environment was analyzed using an extended SWOT analysis model from the standpoint of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and expected threats. Based on the results of the SWOT-analysis, a matrix has been formed that will allow predicting threats and potential opportunities at the stage of planning the use or refusal to use accounting outsourcing services.
ECONOMIC THEORIES OF COMPETITION, WHICH DETERMINE THE CONDITIONS AND FACTORS OF FORMATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, BEREZIVSKYI Yaroslav
Published: September 2021

A significant number of scientific economic theories have been identified, which substantiate the essential characteristics of the technological competitiveness of the national economy. The difference between each of the theories is due to the evolution of economic development, conditions and factors of formation, as well as directions and means (tools) to ensure the technological competitiveness of the national economy. The conditions and factors of formation of technological competitiveness of the national economy according to economic theories of competition – blue ocean, global advance of competitors, competitive advantages, cyclical development of economy, neoliberalism, structuring are allocated. In each of the theories of competition as their historical evolution, the technological competitiveness of the economy was considered in the context of access and ability to effectively use technological resources, the formation of the market of innovation and technology, implementation of state policy to stimulate innovation. Taking into account theories of competition allows to clarify the important characteristics of technological competitiveness of the national economy, which relate to determining the influence of society, state, market environment, globalization and informatization on the creation and implementation of technologies in economic processes, economic competitiveness. Analysis of the evolution of scientific views shows the high intensity of changes in the field of competition and provides a wide range of conditions and factors for the formation of technological competitiveness, the development of economic agents. Accordingly, the lack of opportunities for technological and innovative development of national producers should be regarded as the main threat to the competitiveness of the economy. These are market, infrastructural, technological, innovative, intellectual, resource and other trends, in the context of which it becomes possible to effectively use competitive opportunities.
DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN THE WORLD ECONOMY DURING COVID-19
Authors:   Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles Honchar, Belozertsev VASYL , Kharakoz LILIYA ,   Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles Honchar, Karminov Y. ,   Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles Honchar, Sokolova O. ,   Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles Honchar, Sylyma H. ,   Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles Honchar, Khudiakova H. ,   Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles Honchar
Published: September 2021

Nowadays humanity can’t live without information systems and technologies, which affect absolutely all areas of our daily life. They make a particularly significant contribution to the world economy. Information technologies allow to speed up the development of world trade on the Internet, provoke the emergence of the market of information and information services. In today’s world, information technologies and systems are becoming more diverse and multifaceted. The spheres of their activity are changing and expanding, offering new qualities and characteristics of social development. The information component has been an important element for the formation of potential competition between countries and the development of international relations for decades. Technology affects the development of the economy, but there are many factors that affect the quality of technology and their modifications. One such factor is COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemic has forced information technology to penetrate even deeper into human life. Now, with the help of IT, people not only are able to store, process, and analyze information, but also companies are capable of managing subordinates, and they in turn have the most comfortable conditions for work and achieving goals. And in general, due to pandemic systems for distance learning and delivery of any goods anywhere have been developed. After analyzing statistics, presented in this article, we can make a conclusion that over the past year, information technology has been greatly affected by the pandemic, but it has become an integral part of economic (and not only) development of countries. “Closed circle” has been created – due to the development of technology the state of the economy is improving, and together with the development of the economy more and more new technologies are needed.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD ELECTRONIC TRADE MARKET
Authors:   Sumy State University, SAHER LIUDMYLA , SYHYDA LIUBOV ,   Sumy State University, RESHETNIAK YAROSLAV ,   Sumy State University, SHEVCHENKO KATERYNA ,   Sumy State University
Published: September 2021

Nowadays e-commerce develops rapidly. Volumes of online sales grow globally. E-commerce forms a separate sector of the economy. Moreover, e-commerce is at the peak of its popularity. The article aims to analyze the development of the e-commerce market worldwide and to identify the further prospects of its development. The article analyzes the world e-commerce market. The volumes of products online-sales in the dynamics since 2014 are determined. The volumes of sales in the e-commerce market by regions of the world are studied. The largest one is the Asia-Pacific region. It accounts for 62.6% of all e-commerce sales. It is followed by the North American region (19.1% of all global e-commerce sales) and the Western Europe region (12.7% of all global e-commerce sales). It is established that global sales figures are significantly influenced by China and the United States of America. These countries rank the first and the second places responsively in the world in terms of products’ sales in the e-commerce market. Similar indicators for the European e-commerce market are analyzed. The dynamics of the growth of online shoppers in different European countries are determined. The payment methods that online shoppers use most often are highlighted. The most popular methods in many countries are debit and credit card payments. Nevertheless, German online shoppers prefer ELV payments, and online shoppers from the Netherlands choose IDEAL. The most popular categories of online products are small appliances, books, clothing and shoes, computers and accessories, tickets. People like to buy online products at lower prices and universe products. The reason is that the target audience of universe products is not limited by age, body composition, psychological complexes, and other factors that can potentially reduce interest in the products. The results of this study determine the expediency and perspective directions of world e-commerce development.
EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Authors:   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, CHERNII VLADYSLAV
Published: September 2021

The article considers the main approaches to defining the essence of the concept of "efficiency", which made it possible to formulate the author's vision of the content of this category. Public transport is an important component of public life, development of the country's economy and environmental safety of the population. The world pandemic of coronavirus demonstrated the importance and criticality of the system of public transport for each state, because exactly the restrictions of movement and filling of public transport became an insuperable problem both for citizens and for those components of business and functioning of the country. Under such conditions, the issue of public transport efficiency is particularly acute, because the transport needs of the population must be met not only under uncertainty, but also in the perspective of sustainable development and in line with market and infrastructural circumstances. That is why the research of peculiarities of estimation of efficiency of urban public transport functioning acquires a special topicality. The author has characterised the peculiarities of content and components of efficiency of public transport. The own methodology of effectiveness assessment of public transport operation is presented and the specific set of initial data of such assessment is formulated. As a result, it was possible to approbate the author's method on the data of the system of public transport in. Kiev. Using of methodology and carrying out of evaluation allowed the author to formulate the main substantiated ways of effectiveness increase of public transport and strategic vectors of further development. Analysis of quantitative characteristics of the system of public transport as an economic entity has determined that the main way of increasing its efficiency is increasing the profitability of transportation and number of passengers. As a result of analysis of the quality of public transport services, it is determined that the main directions of increasing their efficiency should be increasing the number of trips and introduction of a more convenient schedule. These are to be the main components of the strategy for further development of public transport in Kiev.
INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF REGIONS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Ivan Franko Drohobych State Pedagogical University, KYSHAKEVCYH, BOHDAN , NAKHAEVA MARYNA ,   Ivan Franko Drohobych State Pedagogical University
Published: September 2021

The article proposes a model for the integral assessment of the investment attractiveness of the regions in Ukraine, taking into account seven blocks of their socio-economic development: economic development, investment activity, financial self-sufficiency, labor market and entrepreneurship, infrastructure, socio-economic development, the effectiveness of regional investment policy. The article substantiates the need to take into account the effectiveness of regional investment policy when assessing investment attractiveness and the feasibility of differentiating such assessments depending on the type of investor and the type of investment. The authors propose to take into account such features of the investment process by using DEA-analysis and selection of appropriate weight coefficients that determine the share of each block of indicators regarding socio-economic development of regions in their overall investment attractiveness. Since the VRS assumption or BCC model in DEA analysis provides for a change in efficiency in accordance with a change in the scale of operations, to assess the effectiveness of regional investment policy, we further used the CRS assumption about the constancy of the scale of operations, since the size of investment flows in the Ukrainian economy is still relatively small. As a result, Kiev, Dnepropetrovsk and Kiev regions turned out to be the most attractive for both long-term and short-term investments. The Kherson region turned out to be the least attractive for long-term investments. In the case of short-term investments, the Sumy region showed the lowest value of the integral indicator of investment attractiveness. Some regions showed a significant difference in the value of the integral indicator of investment attractiveness for short and long-term investments, that once again emphasizes the importance of the initial stage of assessing the investment attractiveness of the region, namely, identifying the type of investor, his goals and investment period.
Multiblock copolymers type PDC – A family of multifunctional biomaterials for regenerative medicine
Authors: Ullah Imram , Wang Weiwei , Ma Nan , Lendlein Andreas
Published: September 2021

Multiblock copolymers type PDC are polyetheresterurethanes composed of poly( ɛ-caprolactone) and poly( p-dioxanone) segments. They were designed as degradadable shape-memory polymers for medical devices, which can be implanted minimally-invasively. While providing structural support in the initial phase after implantation, they are capable to modulate soft tissue regeneration while degradation. In this perspective, we elucidate cell-material interactions, compatibility both in-vitro and in-vivo and biofunctionality of PDC, which represents a promising candidate biomaterial family especially for cardiovascular applications.
Mapping the evolution of topics published by Education for Information: Interdisciplinary Journal of Information Studies
Authors: Ibekwe Fidelia , Bochi Fernanda , Martínez-Ávila Daniel
Published: September 2021

The need to map the evolution of trends in any field of activity arises when a large amount of data is available on that activity, thus making impossible a manual exploration of the data in order to understand how the field or the activity is evolving. Topic and trend mapping is a mature field with hundreds of publications on approaches, methods and tools for data collection, analysis, feature extraction and reduction, clustering and visualisation tools and algorithms. Our study aims to map the evolution of topics published by the journal Education for Information. Interdisciplinary Journal on Information Studies (EFI henceforth) which has been in existence since 1983, in order to understand how this journal has evolved and how it is positioned with regard to the field of Library and Information Science to which it belongs. Our study is part of the body of work on topic detection and text mining. Our results showed that the journal displayed a remarkable stability in its editorial policy over more than three decades. With the arrival of its third Editor in Chief in 2018, a shift towards more technologically oriented topics and to specialties from other fields are perceptible such as health information, data science and digital humanities.
Software Protection of Smart Household Appliances Against Over-Exploitation
Authors: Liber Arkadiusz
Published: September 2021

This work presents the author’s original research on engineering of algorithms to modify smart household appliance operation with a particular emphasis on ensuring the achievement of a controlled lifetime. The presented solutions are based on the programmable process of device interaction with the user, simulated damage, and simulated wear of the device. These solutions are particularly important in business processes aimed at increasing profit as a result of the quiet pressure for end users to replace household appliances more frequently.
Effort Estimation in Agile Software Development: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Farih Nour elhouda , Nafil Khalid , El Messousi Rochdi
Published: September 2021

Context: Estimating effort has always been considered an important element at the start of each software development project. The challenge of estimating the effort of software development lies in its precision. With the emergence of agile methodologies, methods for effort estimation (EE) had to adapt to this new development path. In this article, we are conducting a systematic mapping study on effort estimation in the context of agile software development. Objective: we want to identify the estimation approaches and techniques used in the context of agile development to better understand the specifics and trends relating to this mode of development. Method: we conducted a systematic mapping study by adopting the guideline explained in[1] [2]. A systematic review of the literature [3] has already been carried out for publications between 2001 and 2013. This work is an extension of this previous study. We queried 5 electronic databases. Conclusion: We retrieved 11350 paper from five electronic databases. A total of 108 papers is selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on the results, there is a general increase over the years of studies concerning effort estimation in agile software development.