bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChAd155-RSV vaccine is immunogenic and efficacious against bovine RSV infection-induced disease in young calves
Authors: de Jong Rineke , Stockhofe-Zurwieden Norbert , Bonsing Judith , Wang Kai-fen , Vandepaer Sarah , Bouzya Badiaa , Toussaint Jean-François , Dieussaert Ilse , Song Haifeng , Steff Ann-Muriel
Published: October 2021

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes a substantial lower respiratory-tract disease burden in infants, and is a global priority for vaccine development. We evaluated the immunogenicity, safety and efficacy of a chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAd)-based vaccine candidate, ChAd155-RSV, in a bovine RSV (bRSV) challenge model. This model closely reproduces the pathogenesis/clinical manifestations of severe pediatric RSV disease. In seronegative calves, ChAd155-RSV elicited robust neutralizing antibody responses against human RSV. Two doses protected calves from clinical symptoms/lung pathological changes, and reduced nasal/lung virus loads after both a short (4-week) and a long (16-week) interval between the last immunization and a subsequent bRSV challenge. The one-dose regimen also conferred near-complete or significant protection after the short-term or long-term intervals before challenge, respectively. Importantly, immunized calves presented no clinical signs of enhanced respiratory disease. Collectively, the data supported the development of ChAd155-RSV as an RSV vaccine candidate for infants.
Are Patients with Cardiovascular Disease at Higher Risk for Postoperative Complications following Total Hip or Total Knee Replacements? A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Orland Mark , Siva Nandini Rajaram , Barragan Diego , Sood Anshum , Gonzalez Mark H
Published: October 2021

Background: Cardiovascular disease affects 121.5 million Americans, or 48% of the adult US population and is the leading cause of death in the United States. The demand for total joint replacement is expected to increase due to an aging population and advances in technology. Given the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and the expected increase in total joint replacement procedures, we sought to examine whether cardiovascular disease was associated with increased postoperative complications in patients undergoing total hip and knee replacements.Methods:CPT codes were used to investigate the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database for patients who underwent total hip or knee replacements from 2010 to 2017. Patients were classified as having cardiovascular disease as per the American Health Association guidelines. Patient samples with all possible covariates were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. A patient sample size of 119,076 for total hip and 189,297 for total knee replacement was analyzed.Results: Patients with cardiovascular disease were found to have a statistically significant increased risk for the following postoperative complications: sepsis, wound complications, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, myocardial infarction, unplanned intubation, and cardiac arrest. Conclusions: Patients with cardiovascular disease undergoing a total hip or knee replacement have increased risk for wound, infectious and cardiovascular-associated postoperative complications. This finding necessitates the need for more frequent and sooner postoperative visits, a stringent cardiovascular preoperative evaluation, and patient education on the increased postoperative risks of joint replacements to lower the incidence of complications.
MiR-425-5p Regulates Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Production and Affects Blood Glucose Levels in High-fat Diet-fed Mice
Authors: Wei Lirui , Zhao Xuenan , Guo Feng , Huang Fengjiao , Zhao Yanyan , Wu Lina , Liu Yanling , Ma Xiaojun , Chen Linlin , Li Jing , Ji Linlin , Xiao Ya , Ding Chengzhi , Wang Jiao
Published: October 2021

BackgroundIn modern society, obesity has become a global problem with resulting in metabolic disorders and poses high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been taken as an effective drug for the therapy of T2DM and obesity. In the present study, the regulatory roles and molecular mechanisms of miR-425-5p in GLP-1 secretion in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice were explored. MethodsOral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were performed to assess glucose metabolism and GLP-1 and LPS levels. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to detect the expression of LPS, GLP-1, GLP-1 receptors, miR-425-5p, phosphatase and tensin homology (PTEN), proglucagon, p65 and β-catenin. Western blot was performed to determine the expression of proglucagon, p65, β-catenin and PTEN. ResultsThe results showed that plasma GLP-1 level was negatively correlated with plasma LPS level in HFD-fed mice, and miR-425-5p expression and LPS level were up-regulated in the ileal fluid compared with control groups. LPS injection boosted miR-425-5p expression in ileum. MiR-425-5p ameliorated glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice by increasing GLP-1 secretion. Furthermore, p65 protein level in the cytoplasmic and nuclear in the ileum of HFD-fed mice was increased compared with the control group. MiR-425-5p agomir elevated nuclear β-catenin protein level, but reduced PTEN protein level in HFD-fed mice compared with HFD-fed mice treated with the miR-425-5p antagomir. ConclusionsOur results suggest that miR-425-5p promotes GLP-1 secretion and improves glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice.
Association between Long noncoding RNA rs944289 and rs7990916 polymorphisms and the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population
Authors: Wang Yan , Qiu Zhiyuan , Tian Guangyu , Zhu Qianqian , Zhang Zhao , Qin Rong , Peng Yong , Tang Weifeng , Zhang Sheng , Xi Yan
Published: October 2021

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play vital roles in the tumorigenesis of many cancers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the lncRNA also play vital roles in tumorigenesis. We explored lncRNA rs944289 and rs7990916 polymorphisms and analyzed the relationship between these lncRNA polymorphisms with the colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a Chinese population. We recruited 1,003 CRC patients from the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University and the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from October 2014 to August 2017. Genomic DNA was extracted using a DNA Kit from lymphocytes of peripheral blood and the genotyping was performed with a SNPscan method. We found that the rs944289 TT homozygote was associated with the decreased CRC risk. However, there was no statistically significant association between lncRNA rs7990916 polymorphism and the CRC risk. LncRNA rs944289 TT decreased the CRC risk in the subgroup of female by logistic regression, male, age≥61, without alcohol intake, smoking and BMI≥24. The subgroup analysis revealed that lncRNA rs7990916 was not associated with the CRC risk except for age<61. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the lncRNA rs944289 TT homozygote was associated with the increased risk of rectum cancer (TT vs. CC+CT: adjusted OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.10-1.66, P=0.041) or colon cancer. In summary, we proved that the lncRNA rs944289 might be significantly related to the decreased CRC risk in the Chinese Han populations and lncRNA rs7990916 was not associated with the CRC risk except for patients of age<61. In the future, studies with larger samples should be conducted to validate our results.
Biochemical And Genetic Characteristics of Patients With Primary Carnitine Deficiency Identified Through Newborn Screening
Authors: Lin Yiming , Lin Bangbang , Chen Yanru , Zheng Zhenzhu , Fu Qingliu , Lin Weihua , Zhang Weifeng
Published: October 2021

Background: Primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of the carnitine transportation that leads to impaired fatty acid oxidation. Large-scale studies on newborn screening (NBS) for PCD are limited. This study aimed to investigate the biochemical and genetic characteristics of patients with PCD detected by NBS.Results: A total of 548,247 newborns were screened for PCD between January 2014 and June 2021, 1714 newborns had low free carnitine (C0) levels were called back and forty-nine patients were diagnosed with PCD. The latest incidence rate in Quanzhou, China was estimated to be 1 in 11,189 newborns. NBS results showed that all patients had varying degrees of decreased C0 levels, while seven patients exhibited normal C0 levels during recall review. All patients harbored biallelic pathogenic variants in the SLC22A5 gene. Nineteen distinct SLC22A5 variants were detected in the 49 patients, most of the detected variants were clustered in exons 1, 4, and 7. The top eight variants together had an allele frequency of 86.73%. The most common variant was c.760C>T (p.R254*) with an allele frequency of 31.63%, followed by c.51C>G (p.F17L) (17.35%) and c.1400C>G (p.S467C) (16.33%). The C0 level of patients with N/N genotype was significantly lower than that of M/M group. The C0 level of patients with genotypes of R254*/R254* and R254*/F17L were far lower than patients with genotype of R254*/S467C.Conclusions: This study presented more than 500,000 NBS data with the latest incidence of 1:11,189 in Quanzhou area. The SLC22A5 variant spectrum in the selected southern Chinese population was updated. Patients with null variants were associated with low C0 levels. It is necessary to combine genetic testing to improve screening efficiency due to PCD patients may have normal C0 levels during NBS and recall review.
Long Non-coding RNA ADAMTS9-AS2 Suppresses Biological Functions of Ovarian Cancer Cells Through Recruiting DNMTl and Up-regulating SEPT6
Authors: Wang Juan , Ding Hongmei , Zhou Jinhua , Shen Fangrong , Li Yan , Chen Youguo
Published: October 2021

Objective: The mechanism of long non-coding RNA ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 9 antisense RNA 2 (ADAMTS9-AS2) has been insufficiently explored in ovarian cancer (OC). Here, the action of ADAMTS9-AS2 in OC with the involvement of DNA methyhransferase l (DNMT1) and septin 6 (SEPT6) was explored. Methods: Epithelial OC tissue and ovarian epithelial tissue specimens were collected to test ADAMTS9-AS2, DNMT1 and SEPT6 expression. An appropriate cell line was screened out and transfected with highly expressed ADAMTS9-AS2 or SEPT6 or lowly expressed DNMT1 to detect their roles in biological functions of OC cells. Tumorigenesis of OC cells in nude mice was projected to validate cell experiment results. The interactions between ADAMTS9-AS2 with DNMT1/SEPT6 were tested. Results: Elevated DNMT1 and reduced ADAMTS9-AS2 and SEPT6 were detected in OC. ADAMTS9-AS2 bound to both DNMT1 and SEPT6. Restoring ADAMTS9-AS2 or SEPT6 or depleting DNMT1 diminished OC cell viability, invasion and migration, arrested cell cycle and accelerated apoptosis in vitro, and repressed tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion: Collectively, ADAMTS9-AS2 fights against OC through recruiting DNMT1 and up-regulating SEPT6.
Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of the Effect of Alveolar Cleft Bone Graft on the Maxillofacial Biomechanical Stabilities of Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Tian Tao , Huang Han-yao , Wang Wei , Shi Bing , Zheng Qian , Li Cheng-hao
Published: October 2021

Background: The objective was to clarify the effect of alveolar cleft bone graft on maxillofacial biomechanical stabilities, the key areas when bone grafting and in which should be supplemented with bone graft once bone resorption occurred in UCCLP (Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate).Methods: Maxillofacial CAD (Computer Aided Design) models of non-bone graft and full maxilla cleft, full alveolar cleft bone graft, bone graft in other sites of the alveolar cleft were acquired by processing the UCCLP maxillofacial CT data in three-dimensional modeling softwares. The maxillofacial bone equivalent (EQV) stresses and bone suture EQV strains under occlusal states were obtained in the finite element analysis software.Results: Under corresponding occlusal states, the EQV stresses of maxilla, pterygoid process of sphenoid bone on the corresponding side and anterior alveolar arch on the non-cleft side were higher than other maxillofacial bones, the EQV strains of nasomaxillary, zygomaticomaxillary and pterygomaxillary suture on the corresponding side were higher than other maxillofacial bone sutures. The mean EQV strains of nasal raphe, the maximum EQV stresses of posterior alveolar arch on the non-cleft side, the mean and maximum EQV strains of nasomaxillary suture on the non-cleft side in full alveolar cleft bone graft model were all significantly lower than those in non-bone graft model. The mean EQV stresses of bilateral anterior alveolar arches, the maximum EQV stresses of maxilla and its alveolar arch on the cleft side in the model with bone graft in lower 1/3 of the alveolar cleft were significantly higher than those in full alveolar cleft bone graft model.Conclusions: For UCCLP, bilateral maxillae, pterygoid processes of sphenoid bones and nasomaxillary, zygomaticomaxillary, pterygomaxillary sutures, anterior alveolar arch on the non-cleft side are the main occlusal load bearing structures before and after alveolar cleft bone graft. Alveolar cleft bone graft mainly affects biomechanical stabilities of nasal raphe and posterior alveolar arch, nasomaxillary suture on the non-cleft side. The areas near nasal floor and in the middle of the alveolar cleft are the key sites when bone grafting, and should be supplemented with bone graft when the bone resorbed in these areas.
Screening of Antibacterial Compounds With Novel Structure From The FDA Approved Drugs Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Li Wen-Xing , Tong Xin , Yang Peng-Peng , Zheng Yang , Liang Ji-Hao , Li Gong-Hua , Guan Dao-Gang , Dai Shao-Xing
Published: October 2021

Background: Due to the lack of new antibiotics in recent years, bacterial resistance has increasingly become a serious problem globally. The aim of this study is to construct an antibacterial compound predictor using machine learning methods to screen potential antibacterial drugs.Methods: Active and inactive antibacterial compounds were acquired from the ChEMBL and PubChem database, which were used to construct benchmark datasets. The antibacterial compound predictor is constructed using the support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and multi-layer perception (MLP) methods. We predicted the antibacterial activity of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs in the DrugBank database and screened novel antibacterial drugs through structural similarity analysis.Results: In the initial screen process, the results suggested that the benchmark dataset based on FP2 molecular fingerprints, along with the SVM, RF, and MLP methods showed excellent prediction performance (mean AUC > 0.9 for all models). Using the combination of these three models, a total of 957 potential antibacterial drugs were predicted. Most of the predicted drugs showed low structural similarities compared with the FDA approved antibacterial drugs. We finally screened 9 predicted antibacterial drugs with novel structures including 2 anti-tumor drugs (cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide), 2 ophthalmic drugs (apraclonidine and echothiophate) and 5 anesthetics (desflurane, enflurane, isoflurane, methoxyflurane, and sevoflurane).Conclusions: This study provides a new insight for predicting antibacterial compounds with novel structures by using FDA approved drugs. The predicted compounds with novel structures are worthy of further experimental verification in the future.
CrossFit® Open Performance is Affected by the Nature of Past Competition Experiences
Authors: Mangine Gerald T , McDougle Jacob M.
Published: October 2021

Purpose: To examine the relationships between past competition performances and 2020 CrossFit® Open (CFO) performance. Methods: A random selection from the top one thousand athletes (n = 220, 28.5 ± 4.4 years, 178 ± 7 cm, 87.5 ± 10.2 kg) were selected for this study. Overall and weekly performances (including ranks and scores) of the 2020 CFO, as well as overall ranks from previous CFO, regional, and Games™ competitions, were recorded from their publicly available online profile. The highest, lowest, average, and standard deviation (SD) of past rankings, as well as participation statistics (i.e., years since first appearance, total and consecutive appearances, and participation rate), were calculated for each competition stage. Relationships were then assessed between 2020 CFO performance and all past competition experience variables by calculating Kendall’s tau (τ) correlation coefficients and Bayes factors (BF10). Results: Overall and weekly ranking of the 2020 CFO was extremely favored (p < 0.001, BF10 > 100) to be related to the athlete’s highest previous CFO rank (τ = 0.26 – 0.39) and individual regional appearances (τ = –0.26 to –0.34), as well as individual Games™ appearances (overall and for weeks 1, 3, and 4; τ = –0.20 to –0.22, p < 0.001, BF10 > 100). Evidence for all other significant relationships ranged from moderate to very strong (p < 0.05, BF10 = 3 – 100) and varied among specific 2020 CFO workouts. Few associations were noted for team competition experience, and these were generally limited to Games™ appearances (τ = –0.12 to –0.18, p < 0.05, BF10 = 3.3 – 100). Conclusions: Although specific relationships were found between 2020 CFO performance and individual appearances at regional and Games™ competitions, the most consistent relationships were seen with participation and ranking in past CFO competitions.
A Pediatric BCI Program for Children With Severe Neurological Disabilities: Thematic Analysis of Family Perspectives
Authors: Jadavji Zeanna , Zewdie Ephrem , McDonough Meghan , Kelly Dion , Kinney-Lang Eli , Kirton Adam
Published: October 2021

Background: Children with severe physical disabilities and no expressive communication have few options for interaction and engagement with the world around them. There is a need for new technologies and programs dedicated to this population and brain computer interface (BCI) can provide new opportunities for independence. We established a novel, family-centered, clinical BCI program for cognitively capable children with severe disability. Here, we aimed to understand the potential impact on participants from the perspective of families to help guide program development and future modifications. Methods: Children in the program were aged 6-16 years with severe physical (non-ambulatory, minimal hand use) and communication disabilities and estimated grade 1 cognitive capacity. Parents and caregivers of participants were invited to complete semi-structured interviews to discuss their impressions and opinions of the program. Children were invited to complete a simpler “yes”/ “no” questionnaire about their experience and interests. Thematic analysis was performed according to established methods. Results: Seven parents/caregivers and 4 children from 6 families with nearly 300 hours of experience with the BCI program participated. Thematic analysis revealed that despite limited initial BCI knowledge, the program elicited positive emotional responses including feelings of enhanced independence, inclusion, and recognition for parents and children. Families were interested in contributing to BCI development to enhance their child’s future. Conclusions: Clinical BCI programs may have positive impacts on children with disabilities and their families. Continuous engagement of parents and children is imperative to create programs and technologies that will meet the needs of this population. Trial registration: The current study was approved by the University of Calgary Research Ethics Board, study ID:REB15-2567.
Construction of Web-GIS in San'in region for integrating geophysical survey data with geotechnical information
Authors: Nishimura Isamu , Noguchi Tatsuya , Kagawa Takao
Published: October 2021

Constructing a database of information on geotechnical information, such as geophysical survey results and borehole data, and sharing it among researchers and practitioners will be useful for the development of subsurface research and the prevention of disasters such as earthquakes and landslides. In earthquake disaster prevention, geotechnical information is particularly important for strong ground motion prediction. The geotechnical information includes analysis results based on geophysical surveys and seismic observations, and borehole data. These databases can be displayed on a map using GIS, and the existing analysis results can be checked sequentially. This will allow us to consider new observation plans and to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the analysis of the subsurface structure model. In this study, a database of geotechnical information was constructed for the San-in region. The database of geotechnical information includes the results of microtremor and gravity survey, analysis of ground structure by seismic observation, and borehole data in Tottori and Shimane prefectures. In addition, we constructed a system to display the constructed database on a map in a web browser (Web-GIS). For the base system of the GIS, Leaflet, a Java Script library, was used to display the prepared database of geotechnical information using the GSI tiled map as the base map. The developed database and GIS system will be used to researchers and the public in the future.
Identification of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis in patients with diarrhea: a study targeting 16S rRNA, gyrB and nanH genes
Authors: Amiri Rosa , Norouzbabaei Zahra , Kalali Naeemeh , Ghourchian Sedighe , Yaseri Mehdi , Abdollahi Alireza , Douraghi Masoumeh
Published: October 2021

Background We aimed to identify the enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) and bft subtypes among patients with diarrhea. In addition, we assessed whether DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB) and neuraminidase (nanH) genes are useful determinants for identification of B. fragilis compared to 16S rDNA sequencing as a reference method. Results A total of 111 Gram-negative anaerobic coccobacilii were isolated from 530 fecal specimens using BBE agar. Of the 111 isolates, 100 (90.09%) were assumed to be a member of Bacteroides fragilis group as they yielded an amplicon through PCR using the group-specific primers (Bfra-F/g-Bfra-R). However, only 28 isolates out of 100 were definitively identified as species of Bacteroides using16S rRNA gene sequencing; of which 15 isolates were B. fragilis and the remaining 13 isolates were identified as B. thetaiotaomicron (n=6), Parabacteroides distasonis (n=3), B. vulgatus (Phocaeicola vulgatus) (n=1), B. ovatus (n=1), B. congonensis (n=1) and B. nordii (n=1). Among the 15 isolates of B. fragilis, 4 were found to be ETBF. Compared to the reference method, the specificity and accuracy of the PCR targeting gyrB gene (64.7% and 65%) was higher than of nanH (36.4% and 46%, respectively.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that more than one-fourth of B. fragilis isolates harbored bft gene and less than 1% of patients with diarrhea harbored ETBF. The slight agreement between the PCR assays -already used for identification of B. fragilis which targeting gyrB or nanH - and 16S rRNA gene sequencing as the reference method was noted.
Brain Response To A Knee Proprioception Task Among Persons With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction And Controls
Authors: Strong Andrew , Grip Helena , Boraxbekk Carl-Johan , Selling Jonas , Häger Charlotte K.
Published: October 2021

Knee proprioception deficits and neuroplasticity have been indicated following injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Evidence is however scarce regarding brain response to knee proprioception tasks and the impact of ACL injury. Twenty-one persons with unilateral ACL reconstruction (mean 23 months post-surgery) of either the right (n = 10) or left (n = 11) knee, as well as 19 controls (CTRL) matched for sex, age, height, weight and current activity level, performed a knee joint position sense (JPS) test during simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Integrated motion capture recorded knee kinematics. Recruited brain regions included somatosensory cortices, prefrontal cortex and insula. Neither brain response nor JPS errors differed between groups, but across groups significant correlations revealed that greater errors were associated with greater ipsilateral response in the anterior cingulate (r = 0.476, P = 0.009), supramarginal gyrus (r = 0.395, P = 0.034) and insula (r = 0.474, P = 0.008). This is the first study to capture brain response using fMRI in relation to quantifiable knee JPS. Activated brain regions have previously been associated with sensorimotor processes, body schema and interoception. Our innovative paradigm can help to guide future research investigating brain response to lower limb proprioception.
Association of Serum Uric Acid with Lung Function in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007-2012: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Luo Wen , Wang Wanyu , Yao Xiangyang , Shi Yonghong , Lu Fang , Wu Dinghui , Lin Yihua
Published: October 2021

Background

Evidence regarding the relationship between serum uric acid and lung function was controversial. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate whether serum uric acid was independently related to lung function in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2007-2012) after adjusting for other covariates.
Methods

The present study was a cross-sectional study. The total participants from NHANES (2007-2012) were 30442. After exclusion of subjects, 9474 subjects remained for the final analysis. The target independent variable and the dependent variable were serum uric acid measured at baseline and lung function respectively. Covariates involved in this study included age, sex, race, income-poverty ratio, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, creatinine, total protein, FeNO, calcium, alcohol drinking, smoke, phosphorus and total bilirubin.
Results

The average age of 9626 selected participants was 37.12 ± 16.03 years old, and about 49.19% of them were male. Result of fully adjusted linear regression showed serum uric acid was negatively associated with FEV1, FEV and PEF after adjusting confounders (Odds ratio (OR)= for FEV1 [-21.28 (-32.26, -10.30)], for FVC [-26.79 (-40.56, -13.01)] and for PEF [-72.19 (-101.93, -42.46)]). FEV1 and PEF were found a non-linear relationship with serum uric acid and the inflection points was 6.5mg/dl and 7.3 mg/dl respectively. The effect sizes and the confidence intervals in FEV1 and PEF of the left and right sides of inflection point were -11.50 (-25.55, 2.54) and -48.07 (-74.49, -21.66), -38.17 (-71.91, -4.43) and -311.11 (-427.28, -194.94) respectively.
Conclusions

We find serum uric acid was negatively associated with FEV1, FVC and PEF in a general population. Besides, there is a threshold effect on the independent association between serum uric acid and FEV1 and PEF. Those results are only found in the general population. Further epidemiologic studies will still be required to confirm this reverse association between serum uric acid and lung function.
Vibration and Noise Analysis of Acetoxime Modified Tio2 Coating Over Steel Alloy
Authors: Saini Ajay , Singh Dalip , Sonewane Shubham , Yadav Ashu
Published: October 2021

In this research work, conventional gun spray method is used to coat oximemodifiedtitanium(IV) isopropoxide on steel to find out damping behaviour of coating. The most conventional method is modal analysis is used to measure vibration and noise damping of bare and titania coated samples. Test results revealed that a thin coating has improved the vibration and noise damping when compare with bare sample. SEM, EDX and AFM analysis were carried out to study morphology, coating thickness and composition of coating on the sample surface.
Gesture Recognition Via Learning Deep Spatio-Temporal Features In Wi-Fi Sensing
Authors: Xie Jianxiao , Ye Wei , Xu Kai
Published: October 2021

Internet of Things (IoT) expects to incorporate massive machine-type (MCT) devices, such as vehicles, sensors, and wearable devices, which brings a large number of application tasks that need to be processed. Additionally, data collected from various devices needs to be executed and processed in a timely, reliable, and efficient manner. Gesture recognition has enabled IoT applications such as human-computer interaction and virtual reality. In this work, we propose a cross-domain device-free gesture recognition (DFGR) model, that exploits 3D-CNN to obtain spatiotemporal features in Wi-Fi sensing. To adapt the sensing data to the 3D model, we carry out 3D data segment and supplement in addition to signal denoising and time-frequency transformation. We demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art method in the application of DFGR even cross 3 domain factors simultaneously, and is easy to converge and convenient for training with a less complicated hierarchical structure.
Process Knowledge Graph Modeling Techniques and Application Methods for Ship Heterogeneous Models
Authors: Liu Jinfeng , Dong Jianwei , Jing Xuwen , Cao Xuwu , Du Chenxiao , Li Lei
Published: October 2021

In the process design and reuse of marine component products, there are a lot of heterogeneous models, causing the problem that the process knowledge and process design experience contained in them are difficult to express and reuse. Therefore, a process knowledge representation model for ship heterogeneous model is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the multi-element process knowledge graph is constructed, and the heterogeneous ship model is described in a unified way. Then, the multi-strategy ontology mapping method is applied, and the semantic expression between the process knowledge graph and the entity model is realized. Finally, by obtaining implicit semantics based on case-based reasoning and checking the similarity of the matching results, the case knowledge reuse is achieved, to achieve rapid design of the process. This method provides reliable technical support for the design of ship component assembly and welding process, greatly shortens the design cycle, and improves the working efficiency. In addition, a case study of the test model is carried out to verify the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.
Controlling of Lattice Strains for Crack-Free and Strong Ferroelectric Barium Titanate Films by Post-Thermal Treatment
Authors: Kim Bogyu , Jeon Young-Uk , Lee Chulwoo , Kim Hyebi , Kim Young-Hwan , Kim In Soo , Lee Byeong-Hyeon , Han Jae-Hoon , Ahn Dae-Hwan , Kim Soo Jin , Kim Young Duck , Han Il Ki , Lee Kwanil , Kim Jongbum , Kang JoonHyun
Published: October 2021

In this study, we experimentally demonstrate the fabrication of ultra-smooth and crystalline barium titanate (BTO) films on magnesium oxide (MgO) substrates by engineering the lattice strain and the crystal structure via thermal treatment. We first grow crack-free BTO thin films at oxygen-depleted condition, and enhance the ferroelectric characteristics by post-annealing at high temperature. The roughened surface due to recrystallization during post-annealing is controlled by chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) to retain the ultra-smooth surface morphology. Oxygen-depleted deposition allows a highly strained BTO film to grow on a MgO substrate with an ultra-smooth surface, and post-annealing relaxes the strain, resulting in the enhancement of the ferroelectricity. From Raman spectroscopy, reciprocal space map (RSM), and capacitance–voltage (C–V) curve measurements, we observe that the ferroelectricity of the BTO film strongly depends on the lattice strain relaxation and the phase transition from a-axis to c-axis oriented crystal structure.
Substance Use Workforce Training Needs during Intersecting Epidemics: An Analysis of Events Offered by a Regional Training Center from 2017-2020
Authors: Scott Kelli , Salas Mika D.H. , Bayles Denise , Sanchez Raymond , Martin Rosemarie A , Becker Sara J
Published: October 2021

Background: Intersecting opioid overdose, COVID-19, and systemic racism epidemics havebrought unprecedented challenges to the addiction treatment and recovery workforce. From 2017-2020, the New England Addiction Technology Transfer Center (ATTC) collected data in real-time on the training and technical assistance (TA) requested and attended by the front-line workforce. This article synthesizes practice-based evidence on the types of TA requests, topics of TA, attendance numbers, and socio-demographics of TA attendees over a 3-year period spanning an unprecedented public health syndemic. Methods: We assessed TA events hosted by the New England ATTC using SAMHSA’s Performance Accountability and Reporting System post-event survey data from 2017-2020. Events were coded by common themes to identify the most frequently requested training types/topics and most frequently attended training events. We also evaluated change in training topics and attendee demographics over the three-year timeline.Results: A total of 258 ATTC events reaching 10,143 participants were analyzed. The number of TA events and attendance numbers surged in the 2019-2020 fiscal year as TA events shifted to fully virtual during the COVID-19 pandemic. The absolute number of opioid-related events increased, but the relative proportion remained stable over time. The relative proportions of events and attendance rates focused on evidence-based practice and health equity both increased over the 3-year period, with the largest increase after the onset of the pandemic and the murder of George Floyd. As events shifted to virtual, events were attended by providers with a broader range of educational backgrounds. Conclusions: Results of the current analysis indicate that the demand for TA increased during the pandemic, with a prioritization of TA focused on evidence-based practice and health equity. The practice-based evidence generated from the New England ATTC may help other training and TA centers to anticipate and nimbly respond to the needs of the workforce in the face of the intersecting epidemics.
Virtue and Care Ethics & Humanism in Medical Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Doukas David J. , Ozar David T. , Darragh Martina , de Groot Janet M. , Carter Brian S. , Stout Nathan
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE:This scoping review explores how virtue and care ethics are incorporated into health professions education and how these factors may relate to the development of humanistic patient care.METHOD:Our team identified citations in the literature emphasizing virtue ethics and care ethics (in PubMed, NLM Catalog, WorldCat, EthicsShare, EthxWeb, Globethics.net, Philosopher’s Index, and ProQuest Central) lending themselves to constructs of humanism curricula. Our exclusion criteria consisted of non-English articles, those not addressing virtue and care ethics and humanism in medical pedagogy, and those not addressing aspects of character in health ethics. We examined in a stepwise fashion whether citations: 1) Contained definitions of virtue and care ethics; 2) Implemented virtue and care ethics in health care curricula; and 3) Evidenced patient-directed caregiver humanism.RESULTS: 811 citations were identified, 88 intensively reviewed, and the final 25 analyzed in-depth. We identified multiple key themes with relevant metaphors associated with virtue/care ethics, curricula, and humanism education.CONCLUSIONS:This research sought to better understand how virtue and care ethics can potentially promote humanism and identified themes that facilitate and impede this mission.
Knowledge and Perceptions of Medical Students After Using Kahoot! Towards General Pharmacology Practical Sessions at King Abdulaziz University
Authors: Kamel Fatemah Omar Abdullah , AlShawwa Lana Adey Fareed
Published: October 2021

Background College students often do not study effectively or devote enough time to study and may experience a lot of stress which negatively affects their learning. Game-based Electronic learning (GbEl) has been shown to greatly motivate students, encourage learning and improve academic performance. Kahoot! is one such electronic tool, but its effectiveness in the medical education sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has never been evaluated. MethodsThis study aimed to determine the effect of the interactive software, Kahoot!, on the participation and academic performance of 274 medical students in their general pharmacology practical sessions at the faculty of medicine at King Abdulaziz University (KAU). The pharmacology sessions were divided into two groups: control and Kahoot! and after each session, students took ‘pre’ and ‘post-tests’ to assess the effect on learning. On the final day of the course, students were given a questionnaire to determine their attitudes and perceptions toward the learning process using Kahoot!. ResultsThe results showed that Kahoot! was an effective, enjoyable, and interactive formative tool that increased student engagement, motivation, and improved academic achievement. Teachers involved in the study agreed on the advantages of using Kahoot! largely out-weighed disadvantages.
Machine Learning Tools For off-Target Early Safety Assessment of Small Molecules In Drug Discovery (Single Task Neural Networks Vs Automated Machine Learning)
Authors: Naga Doha , Muster Wolfgang , Musvasva Eunice , Ecker Gerhard F.
Published: October 2021

Unpredicted drug safety issues constitute the majority of failures in the pharmaceutical industry according to several studies[1-3]. Some of these preclinical safety issues could be attributed to the non-selective binding of compounds to targets other than their intended therapeutic target, causing undesired adverse events. Consequently, pharmaceutical companies including Roche, routinely run in-vitro safety screens to detect off-target activities prior to preclinical and clinical studies.Hereby we present a machine learning framework aiming at the prediction of our in-house 50 off-target panel[4] activities for ~ 4000 compounds, directly from their structure. This framework is intended to guide chemists in the drug design process prior to synthesis and accelerate drug discovery. It incorporates different ML approaches such as deep learning and automated machine learning. Outcomes from different methods are compared in terms of efficiency and efficacy. The most important challenges and factors impacting model construction and performance in addition to suggestions on how to overcome such challenges are also discussed.
Novel Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles：An Efficient Theranostic Platform for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Targeted Therapy of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Yao Shu , Li Li , Liu Chang , Wang Ziying , Liu Hong , Su Xuantao , Lu Zaijun , Liu Zhiping , Qiao Xu , Song Li , Chu Ran , Meng Jinyu , Pan Xiyu , song Kun , Kong Beihua
Published: October 2021

Background: The high incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer pose a serious threat to women's health. Traditional chemotherapy has inevitable drawbacks of nonspecific tumor targeting, high toxicity, and poor therapeutic efficiency. In order to overcome these shortcomings, a novel multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles drug delivery system with tumor targeting and magnetic resonance imaging was developed to achieve precise diagnosis and targeted tumor killing effects.Methods: Transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scatting and ultraviolet methods were used to characterize the nanoparticles in vitro. Cell function tests were performed by scratch, transwell and flow cytometry assays. MTT was used to detect the toxicity of the nanoparticles. The motion trajectory, drug release and uptake studies were carried out in vitro. The in vivo pharmacokinetic and drug distribution studies were verified by high performance liquid chromatography methods. Attenuation of the MRI signal by the nanoparticles and their enhanced antitumor efficiency were examined in vivo in mouse cervical cancer models. Sequencing and proteomics were used to detect the key antitumor molecules of the nanoparticles.Results: Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles coated with ferric oxide nanoparticles and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX-Fe3O4-PEG-PLA-NPs) was prepared successfully. No toxicity was detected of PEG-PLA-NP, however, the tumor killing effect was enhanced under the alternating magnetic field significantly. The drug-release study showed that the cumulative release rates of NP groups were much less than free DOX group, while the drug release rate increased under acidic condition. In addition, DOX-Fe3O4-PEG-PLA-NPs showed improved internalized into carcinoma cells under magnetic field significantly. In vivo studies demonstrated that the combined therapy under an alternating magnetic field displayed improved therapeutic effect when compared with individual therapies as documented by the delayed tumor growth, inhibition of metastasis, and prolonged survival. The in vitro and in vivo MRI results showed that the multifunctional magnetic nanomaterial had a better MRI signal reduction effect and a higher T2 relaxation rate.Conclusions: We developed an cervical cancer targeting nano-carrier drug delivery system successfully, which showed perfect excellent T2 contrast magnetic resonance imaging, chemotherapy-sensitizing, tumor targeting , and anti-tumor effect, thus have the potential to be a new theranostic strategy for ovarian cancer patients.
Drug Related Problems and Complications of Bacterial Meningitis Admitted to Pediatrics Ward in Developing Country
Authors: Kebede bezie , abebe abinet
Published: October 2021

Background: Bacterial meningitis is considered a medical emergency and it is a life-threatening infection that requires immediate treatment. However, even with an early diagnostic approach and adequate treatment with effective antibiotics, death and different complications may occur.Objective: This study aimed to assess drug related problems and its association on bacterial meningitis related complication.Method: A prospective hospital-based observational study was conducted at the pediatric ward of Hiwot Fana Specialized teaching hospital, Harar. This study was conducted longitudinally for consecutive one year from December 30/2019-Juanuary 1/2021 admitted to pediatrics ward. All pediatrics admitted with the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. To identify independent predictors of bacterial meningitis related complication, binary logistic regression model were used using STATA, version 14.2. Stastical significance was declared at p<0.05Result: After 1 year follow up, 384 children were included in this study with a response rate of 98.1%. Males(55.73%) outnumbered. The mean age and cerebrospinal fluid protein were 5.01±0.19 and 60.5±4.53 respectively. Nearly half of the child had co-morbidity in addition to admission diagnosis, meningitis. Two hundred twenty four(58.33%) patients exposed to at least one type of drug related problem. One hundred twenty one (31.51%) children were developed bacterial meningitis related complications. Drug related problem(AOR=6.26, 95%CI: 3.58-10.93), cerebrospinal fluid protein(AOR=9.38, 95%CI: 9.81.9-96), age(AOR=0.01, 95%CI: 0.13-0.19), duration of illness(AOR=) and co-morbidity(AOR=13.18, 95%CI: 1.81-5.6) were absolutely associated with the occurrence of complication. Conclusion: Drug related problem and associated complications were substantial among children admitted with meningitis. This study identified significant association between drug related problem and complication. Health professional shall prevent drug related problem to prevent associated complication.
Foot Function Determination: Agreement Between Tests?
Authors: Dodelin Damien , Tourny Claire , L’Hermette Maxime
Published: October 2021

Background:

Foot pronation is generally linked to musculoskeletal injuries, especially in relation to joint deviation caused by pronation during dynamic activities. However, no consensus appeared in the methodological way to determine foot function, and several tests propose to identify foot pronation under different conditions, from static testing to running. The aim of this study was to determine the level of agreement between different foot function classification measures.
Methods:

One hundred and six subjects completed 5-foot function tests at standing position, walking and running. Foot Posture Index (FPI) was undertaken to determine foot function during static posture. The Center of Pressure Excursion Index (CPEI) and 3 Foot Balance tests (FBs) were realized during walking and running trials to assess pronation during dynamic activities. Agreement between the measures was determined using the Cohen’s Kappa coefficient (K) between 2 measures and the Fleiss Kappa (FK) between 3 or more measures.
Results:

Overall agreement between the measures reported a fair agreement (Kf = 0.2). Static and walking foot tests determination agreement was moderate (K = 0.5), while agreement between FPI and FBs tests were fair (K < 0.4). Fair results were also reported between walking and running tests (K < 0.4). The concordance between running tests classification was fair (Kf = 0.2).
Conclusions:

The lack of agreement between tests confirms the need for a consensus on an appropriate measurement of the foot function. Static foot tests are mainly used to determine foot function during dynamic activities. However, the lack of agreement between tests could question the relevance of the static foot function assessments. The FPI reported a moderate agreement with the walking classification test, but it should be accompanied by a dynamic test in order to limit the risk of misinterpretation.
Early-Term Hemodynamic Performance And Clinical Results of 19-mm st. Jude Medical Regent Valve In Patients With Small Aortic Annulus Undergoing Dual Valve Replacement: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wei Dong , Zhang Shijie , Cheng Xianfeng , Huang Junjie , Cheng Shanghao , Yun Yan , Zhao Diming , Li Jinzhang , Wu Zezhong , Liu Yanwu , Shen Hechen , Ma Huibo , Zhang Haizhou , Wang Zhengjun , Zou Chengwei , Ma Xiaochun
Published: October 2021

Background: The prosthesis selection in patients with small aortic annulus undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR) has always been a challenge, especially in dual valve replacement (DVR, combined aortic and mitral valve replacement). The present study aimed to analyze early-term hemodynamic parameters of 19-mm St. Jude Medical Regent ( SJMR19 ) valve in patients with small aortic annulus undergoing DVR. Methods: Between January 2015 to December 2020, 54 patients with small aortic annulus who underwent DVR were divided into two groups: SJMR19 valve group (n=30) and 21-mm mechanical (M21) valve group (n=24). The perioperative and early-term hemodynamic data were collected and analyzed. Results: A significant difference in terms of maximum transaortic flow velocity (Vav max), maximum transaortic pressure gradient (PGav max), left ventricular mass index (LVMi) and left ventricular mass (LVM) was observed postoperatively in both groups. The postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly higher while the LVM and LVMi was evidently decreased in the SJMR19 group, compared with the M21 group. In order to confirm the influencing factors on postoperative LVEF, a multiple linear regression analysis model was established by including all candidate variables and the implanted valve type was identified in the multivariate analysis as an independent predictor for postoperative LVEF. Conclusions: The postoperative cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters was improved both in the SJMR19 and M21 groups. The postoperative LVEF, LVM and LVMi were better in the SJMR19 group compared with those of the M21 group. And the implanted valve type might possess the predictive value of postoperative LVEF in patients with small aortic annulus undergoing DVR.