bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The guarantees of origin as a market-based energy transition mechanism in Poland
Authors: Petryk Agnieszka , Adamik Piotr
Published: September 2023

A transition from generating electricity from conventional sources to generating it from renewables is one of drivers leading us towards a circular economy. Electricity is a specific product and regardless of where and how it is produced, it takes the same form. A novel aspect of the research is the examination of correlations and relationships between guarantees of origin. The research objective is to analyse the market for the guarantees of origin in the volatile price environment that we had late 2021 and early 2022. Therefore, we analysed demand for the guarantees in January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2022 and the correlation between the price of electricity and guarantees of origin. It was based on the secondary data analysis method and the use of Pearson’s correlation coefficient and a linear regression function. The authors of the study made a hypothesis that the trading volume would increase during the study period and that there would be a positive correlation between the price of energy and the guarantees of origin. A key finding of the study revealed a steady increase in the purchase of guarantees despite the rise in prices. The buying of the guarantees is not a top-down requirement, but rather a bottom-up action, which indicates growing social expectations towards enterprises to consume energy from renewable sources.
Use of a jumbo plate in dogs greater than 50 kg following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy does not prevent increase in tibial plateau angle through convalescence
Authors: MacCormick Mathew R. A. , Daye Robert M.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the use of a locking 3.5/4.0-mm jumbo tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) plate in maintaining the postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA) in giant-breed dogs weighing > 50 kg and to report the associated complications.

ANIMALS

Canine patients weighing > 50 kg that underwent TPLO stabilized with a locking 3.5/4.0-mm jumbo TPLO plate between January 2017 and May 2022.

METHODS

Retrospective case series retrieving postoperative outcomes from the medical records. Healing scores and TPAs were calculated using postoperative and recheck radiographs. Owner-perceived outcomes were obtained via questionnaire.

RESULTS

24 stifles in 22 dogs were included. Postoperative complications were recorded in 11 of 24 cases (45.8%) inclusive of 1 minor, 1 catastrophic, and 9 major complications. A statistically significant increase in TPA over the convalescent period was found. Grade 4 healing was present in 18 of 24 (75%) stifles, while the remainder were scored as grade 3.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The use of a locking 3.5/4.0-mm jumbo TPLO plate did not prevent a statistically significant increase in TPA through convalescence. This procedure displayed an unacceptably high complication rate when compared with contemporary literature of TPLO. Despite a high complication rate in this patient population, most complications were successfully managed with medical and/or surgical treatment, and high mean and median healing scores were achieved at the radiographic recheck. Additionally, owner-perceived long-term outcomes were excellent.
Mandibular Canine Index: A Tool for Sex Estimation in Forensic Cases
Authors:   Department Of Forensic Science, Faculty Of Science, SGT University, Saini Vineeta
Published: September 2023

Due of its robustness and tolerance to peri and postmortem damage, teeth are widely used in sex estimation.
The Association between Homocysteine Level and Balance Disorder among US Adults Varied In Different Sex Groups: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Department Of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Li Gongbo
Published: September 2023

High levels of homocysteine?Hcy? are associated with the occurrence of nervous system disorders.
Examing the Role of the Judiciary in National Security
Authors:   Department Of Commercial Law, University, Otor EDepartment Of Commercial Law, University Ibu
Published: September 2023

National security issues are in the front burner with the contemporary situation that we find ourselves.
Efectos la terapia de solución de problemas del autocuidado de cuidadores primarios informales de pacientes en cuidados paliativos
Authors: Rangel-Domínguez Nancy , Robles-García Rebeca , Sánchez-Sosa Juan José
Published: September 2023

Asumir y efectuar los cuidados de los pacientes con padecimientos crónicos que ya no pueden responder a intervenciones curativas −es decir, en cuidados paliativos−, representa una carga emocional y conductual excesiva para quienes otorgan esos cuidados, lo que tiene diversas implicaciones cognitivas y efectos muy dañinos en su salud. En los países en vías de desarrollo, tal responsabilidad suele recaer en sus familiares, quienes no reciben retribución económica alguna y que se exponen a todos los estresores generados por tal situación, con graves efectos negativos en su adaptación psicológica y salud física. El presente estudio da cuenta de una intervención cognitivo-conductual en cuidadoras de pacientes en cuidados paliativos de un hospital público de Ciudad de México. Los resultados revelaron mejorías de modestas a considerables en varias conductas de autocuidado de las participantes. Los principales hallazgos se discuten en el contexto de las necesidades institucionales no cubiertas, de las recomendaciones para el diseño y administración de las intervenciones, y de las precauciones metodológicas que deben tomarse en cuenta en estudios futuros.
Atención psicológica de personas con diabetes mellitus: una revisión narrativa de las guías de práctica clínica mexicanas
Authors: Mora-Romo José Fernando , Bazán-Riverón Georgina Eugenia
Published: September 2023

La diabetes mellitus es un conjunto de trastornos metabólicos ocasionados por la insuficiente acción de la insulina en el metabolismo de la glucosa en la sangre. Desde hace años, la tasa de defunciones debidas a esta enfermedad ha aumentado no obstante la implementación de diversas guías de práctica clínica en el sistema de salud mexicano. Las repercusiones físicas de la enfermedad pueden llegar a ser tan graves que es necesaria la atención de un equipo multidisciplinario de salud para atenderlas. Así, el objetivo de esta revisión narrativa es presentar las aportaciones de la psicología de la salud para abordar la prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento, rehabilitación y cirugía de esta enfermedad sobre la base de las recomendaciones de las guías de práctica clínica. Tras identificar veintiún guías, se efectuó una búsqueda de la literatura en algunas bases de datos, como MEDLINE, EBSCO, Google Scholar, SCiELO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane y Conricyt, en las que se identificaron treinta y tres estudios relevantes. La literatura describe cómo la inclusión del personal de psicología en los equipos multidisciplinarios mejora la atención para la salud de personas con diabetes mellitus en los diferentes ámbitos presentados. Mediante literatura basada en la evidencia, se discute la importancia de la inclusión del personal de psicología en el sistema de salud para facilitar el funcionamiento físico, social y emocional de las personas diabéticas, así como para prevenir las complicaciones de la enfermedad.
Análisis comparativo de la eficacia de dos terapias psicológicas para remitir la depresión en mujeres con fibromialgia
Authors: Peña-Muñante Gonzalo Sebastián
Published: September 2023

Introducción. La fibromialgia es una enfermedad reumática crónica cuya principal característica es un dolor agudo y persistente en la mayor parte del cuerpo. Se ha demostrado que los síntomas de depresión en pacientes con fibromialgia puede empeorar el curso de la enfermedad y acentuar el dolor. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar el efecto de dos terapias psicológicas para reducir la sintomatología depresiva en 27 mujeres con fibromialgia. Método. Las participantes fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a la terapia de compasión basada en los estilos de apego (ABCT) o a la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT). Se administró a las participantes la DASS-D, una escala que mide depresión en tres momentos temporales: antes, después y a los tres meses de concluido el tratamiento. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de varianza con medidas repetidas mediante el programa SPSS. Resultados. La reducción de la depresión después del tratamiento fue significativamente mayor en el grupo ABCT que en el grupo ACT, manteniéndose este efecto a los tres meses de seguimiento. Discusión y conclusiones. Al parecer, la ABCT es un tratamiento más eficaz que la ACT para reducir los síntomas depresivos en pacientes con fibromialgia.
Estrés laboral, burnout y factores asociados a su aparición en técnicos en urgencias médicas
Authors: Porras-Parral Francisco Emmanuel , Guzmán-Benavente María del Rocío , Barragán-Ledesma Laura Ernestina , Quintanar-Escorza Martha Angélica , Linares-Olivas Oliverio Leonel , Garza-Barragán Lauren Soed
Published: September 2023

Se define al estrés laboral como las reacciones emocionales, fisiológicas y conductuales ante las exigencias profesionales, condición que puede generar la aparición del síndrome de burnout, un estado de agotamiento físico, mental y cognitivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los niveles de ambas condiciones e identificar los factores asociados en una población de 29 técnicos en urgencias médicas, a los que se les aplicaron un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos, la Escala de Estrés Laboral de la OIT-OMS y el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS). De las variables analizadas, se identificó la calidad de sueño como la que mayor influencia tuvo sobre el componente de cansancio emocional. La exposición a un exceso de horas laborales y a condiciones de vida ligadas a la profesión (lesiones físicas, riesgo biológico, accidentes, riesgos psicosociales) pueden ser algunas de las causas del estrés laboral y el síndrome de burnout, lo que hace necesario generar programas e intervenciones para atender los determinantes laborales, sociales y personales y prevenir tales problemas en la vida de los citados técnicos.
Carga de trabajo, síndrome de burnout y síntomas psicosomáticos en trabajadoras de atención a usuarios
Authors: Martínez-Mejía Emmanuel , Fonseca-Castro Magdalena , Cortes-Hernández Ana Laura , Uribe-Prado Jesús Felipe
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la relación entre la carga de trabajo y el síndrome de desgaste ocupacional (burnout), así como las manifestaciones psicosomáticas en trabajadoras para la atención de usuarios de un organismo público de Ciudad de México. Dicho estudio fue de tipo no experimental, con diseño de dos grupos extremos: 45 participantes con alta carga de trabajo y 48 con carga de trabajo baja. La comparación paramétrica arrojó diferencias significativas en el nivel de burnout entre los grupos; además, se encontraron seis manifestaciones psicosomáticas superiores al promedio en el primero de estos grupos. Se concluye que una alta carga de trabajo está relacionada con el desarrollo del referido síndrome y de manifestaciones psicosomáticas en trabajadoras que atienden a usuarios.
Comparación de características adictivas a los videojuegos entre hombres y mujeres estudiantes mexicanos
Authors: Arellanez Hernández Jorge Luis , Romero Pedraza Enrique , Beltrán Guerra León Felipe , Lima Zárate Fernando Iván
Published: September 2023

Los videojuegos se consideran hoy día como un pasatiempo que en ciertos casos puede generar problemas de comportamiento. Con el objetivo de explorar diferencias en el posible comportamiento adictivo a los videojuegos en estudiantes mexicanos, se diseñó un estudio no experimental, transversal, ex post facto. A través de un muestreo no probabilístico, por cuotas, se obtuvo la participación de 520 estudiantes de escuelas públicas del estado de Veracruz (México), a razón de 130 por cada nivel escolar: primaria, secundaria, bachillerato y universidad, a quienes se les aplicó la versión corta de la Escala de Adicción al Videojuego para Adolescentes (GASA, por sus siglas en inglés). Las niñas de primaria presentaron un porcentaje significativamente mayor de síntomas relacionados con la conducta adictiva a los videojuegos, en comparación con sus pares varones. En contraparte, los estudiantes varones de secundaria, bachillerato y universidad registraron porcentajes significativamente más altos de adicción que sus pares mujeres. Este hallazgo permite hipotetizar que el uso de los videojuegos está matizado por la construcción propia de la identidad y otros aspectos relacionados con el tránsito de la adolescencia a la juventud.
Efecto de un programa de grupo de encuentro sobre el estrés y la ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios migrantes
Authors: Cabrera-Díaz Esperanza , Reyes-Gaspar Pedro León , Charry-Méndez Sergio
Published: September 2023

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto que ejerce en los grados de estrés y ansiedad un programa de grupos de encuentro en estudiantes universitarios migrantes de Enfermería y Medicina. Materiales y métodos. El presente reporte trata de una investigación cuantitativa, con un diseño cuasiexperimental pretest-postest y dos grupos: experimental y control. La muestra estuvo constituida por treinta alumnos de primer semestre de los referidos programas. Se emplearon el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck y la Escala de Estrés Percibido. Los datos se procesaron mediante los programas Excel y SPSS, v. 22. Se llevaron a cabo las pruebas estadísticas U de Man-Whitney, Wilcoxon y G de Hedges. Resultados. Se pudo evidenciar una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en los grados de ansiedad y estrés después de la intervención del grupo de encuentro (postest) entre el grupo experimental (estudiantes migrantes del grupo de encuentro) y el grupo control (estudiantes migrantes que no participaron en el grupo de encuentro). Discusión. Los resultados de la presente investigación aportan datos sobre la eficacia de los grupos de encuentro para disminuir los grados de estrés y ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios migrantes.
Penggunaan mikroorganisme lokal (MOL) bekicot terhadap kelayakan usaha ayam kampung super
Authors: Falih Dhia Khairon , Prasetyo Anang Febri , Suryadi Ujang , Siswanto Dharwin , Asrianto Noor
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the value of Return Cost Ratio, Benefit Cost Ratio, and Break Event Point of Super Village Chicken rearing, which was substituted with MOL from Snail at several levels. The research location is at Radja Unggul Ranch which is in the Jember State Polytechnic environment. Data collection method using interviews with farmers at Radja Unggul Ranch who maintain super free-range chickens. The data taken include fixed costs, variable costs, income, and length of maintenance. Data obtained were then analyzed by R/C Ratio, B/C Ratio, and BEP. The results of the study using the MOL from Snails in the maintenance of Kampung Super chickens showed that the R/C value > 1, the B/C value > 0, while the lowest BEP value in the feed treatment was Treatment 3 (P3) with a MOL of 15 ml/kg. The results of these calculations show that using MOL Snail substitute feed to maintain Super Kampung Chicken is profitable for farmers.
Pengaruh penggunaan rempah-rempah terhadap kualitas pupuk organik cair
Authors: Purwasih Rita , Mukminah Nurul
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to determine the best treatment and the chemical content of liquid organic fertilizer with the addition of spices. The levels treatment were treatment 1 (P1): 1.5 liter cow urin+75 ml molasses+100 ml EM4+50 grams of spices each; treatment 2 (P2): 1.5 liters of cow urin+75 ml molasses+100 ml EM4+75 grams of spices each; treatment 3 (P3): 1.5 liter cow urin+75 ml molasses+100 ml EM4+100 grams of spices each, with 3 replications each. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Parameters observed were pH on day 0 to day 10, C-Organic nutrient content, total N, C/N ratio, P2O5 and K2O. The results of this research P3 was a liquid organic fertilizer with the best quality because it has the lowest C/N ratio. Liquid organic fertilizer from cow urine with the addition of spices has a C-Organic content at P1 2.99%; P2 2.76%; and P3 2.74%, total N at P1 0.17%; P2 0.18%; and P3 1.74%, C/N ratio at P1 18; P2 15; and P3 4, P2O5 at P1 0.04%; P2 0.02%; and P3 0.03%, and K2O at P1 0.77%; P2 0.83%; and P3 0.86%.
Penambahan feed additive tepung daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) untuk mitigasi amonia terhadap kualitas karkas dan lemak abdominal ayam broiler
Authors: Amin Rizqi Fadhilah , Hertamawati Rosa Tri , Muhammad Nur , Syahniar Theo Mahiseta , Mahanani Retno Sari , Farlinda Sustin , Rahmasari Reikha
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the addition of feed additive (Moring oleifera) leaf flour to mitigation ammonia on carcass quality and abdominal fat of broiler chickens. This research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications and each experimental used 10 broilers. The treatments used were P0 (feed control without the addition of Moringa leaf flour), P1 (feed with the addition of 3 g/kg Moringa leaf flour, P2 (formulation ration with the addition of 6 g/kg Moringa leaf flour) P3 (formulation ration with the addition of 9 g/kg Moringa leaf flour) given at the finisher phase (age 15-35). Parameters were amonia levels, body weight, carcass weight, percentage of the carcass, and percentage of abdominal fat. The results of this study showed that the addition of Moringa leaf flour feed additive to a level (9 g/kg) had a significant effect (P<0.05) on reducing ammonia levels and did not have a significant effect on (P>0.05) on body weight, body weight, and body weight. carcass, percentage of the carcass, and percentage of abdominal fat. However, adding moringa leaf flour can decrease ammonia levels without unaffected body weight, body weight, and body weight. carcass, percentage of the carcass, and percentage of abdominal.
Evaluating the Individual Criminal Responsibility of Gukurahundi Perpetrators under International Law
Authors: Malunga Siphosami
Published: September 2023

The aim of this article is to evaluate whether individual criminal responsibility (ICR) is attributable to perpetrators of the Gukurahundi atrocities committed in Matabeleland and Midlands, Zimbabwe, between 1983 and 1987. The criminal liability of Gukurahundi perpetrators is evaluated against the legal requirements garnered from conventions, jurisprudence of international criminal tribunals and the work of leading scholars. Firstly, the article provides an overview and historical development of the concept of ICR under international law. Second, it examines the theories of criminality under international law. Third, it analyses the forms and modalities of ICR including relevant specific crimes. Fourth, it evaluates the individual and superior responsibility of Gukurahundi perpetrators. A crucial feature of international criminal law is the legal obligation to investigate, prosecute and punish perpetrators of international crimes. The article therefore explores the different ways in which ICR could be attributed to perpetrators of the Gukurahundi international crimes. The author sets out to advance knowledge and understanding of possible mechanisms to hold perpetrators of the Gukurahundi atrocities criminally accountable under international law.
A Hybrid System for Financial Counselling in Fintech Lending Application
Authors: Barrientos Rojas David Josué , Cruz Marie Chantelle , Oliveira João Fausto Lorenzato de
Published: September 2023

In a world where high connectivity, portability, and speed have become usual demands in every service, traditional banking has been constantly challenged into evolving and finding better solutions through technology. At this point is where fintechs have gained a huge market portion, setting the pace for the future in banking.In this research project, the case of a specific fintech is considered: Justa, a Brazilian business intended to facilitate common banking services to traders, such as debit and credit transactions, loans, and accounts management. For this project a computational intelligence-based system is developed to attempt to predict accurately the possibility of a client of Justa succeeding at achieving a goal set at the very beginning of the partnership. This, based on their declared characteristics and stored information of past clients.The system was elaborated from a classification approach, considering the widely known benefits of hybrid systems. Various models were tested using parameter selection in preprocessed data, four of them were then picked to participate in a voting ensemble to make predictions: MLP, KNN, Decision Tree, and Naïve Bayes. Results for the hybrid classification system were by objective metrics: 0.609 accuracy, 0.845 recall, 0.577 precision, and 0.676; which indicate an improvement over the ones obtained in each individual model and align with Justa’s interests since reflect a system that is best at predicting true positives.Overall, the proposed system achieved satisfactory results with the given data and its limitations. However, it is considered a successful approach.
THE ROLE OF THE GUT MICROBIOME IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLORECTAL CANCER AND THE OCCURENCE OF THE ANASTOMOTIC LEAK IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD
Authors:   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Nohtseu V. S. , Karavai A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Patsiupa E. O. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Shapavalava S. N. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus
Published: September 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common disease with a high mortality rate. CRC is the third most common disease in the world in men and the second most common disease in women, according to the World Health Organization. There is currently an increased interest in studying the relationship between the gut microbiome and the development of CRC. Changes in the gut microbiome in patients with CRC suggest a possible role of host-microbe interactions in the onset and development of this malignancy and, at the same time, open possibilities for new ways of preventing, diagnosing and treating this disease. This review aims to consider certain aspects of the influence of the gut microbiome on the development of CRC and some related diseases.
BLOOD BIOMARKERS AS PREDICTORS OF ISCHEMIC STROKE: A NEW LOOK AT KNOWN MOLECULES
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Yakubova L. V. , Molostova A. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The number of strokes and deaths from stroke is increasing every year in the world, with ischemic stroke (IS) accounting for about 80% of cases. The purpose of this review is to analyze the results of studies evaluating the significance of measuring various biomarkers in predicting the risk of developing IS. To date, studies are actively exploring the prospects of a number of inflammatory (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, pro-inflammatory cytokines, etc.), hemodynamic, cardiac, and metabolic biomarkers that can be used to improve the accuracy of IS risk stratification. Currently, it is difficult to isolate the screening biomarker that is the most diagnostically significant for assessing the risk of stroke. Thus, according to a number of studies and meta-analyses, highly sensitive C-reactive protein is a diagnostically significant biomarker of IS. The role of highly sensitive troponin I and natriuretic peptide in diagnosing the risk of IS requires further study. Evaluation of triglyceride-glucose index, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A1, asymmetric dimethylarginine, uric acid seems promising. However, their possible role in the reclassification of asymptomatic patients in addition to the existing scales based on traditional risk factors remains to be elucidated
ACUTE PURULENT BILATERAL PYELONEPHRITIS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Nechiporenko A. N. , Vasilevich D. M. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Yutsevich G. V. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Nechiporenko N. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: September 2023

Background. Acute purulent bilateral pyelonephritis is the most severe form of acute pyelonephritis. The disease is often accompanied with oligo- or anuria and is complicated by urosepsis. Purpose of the study. To analyze information content of diagnostic methods and immediate results of treatment of patients with acute bilateral pyelonephritis in the phase of purulent inflammation. Material and methods. 44 patients with acute bilateral pyelonephritis were observed. The purulent process in both kidneys was diagnosed by ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Urosepsis was laboratory confirmed in 34 patients. All patients were operated on both sides. Organ-preserving surgeries were performed in 43 cases, and both kidneys were removed in one patient. Histological examination of fragments of the kidney parenchyma confirmed the purulent process in 41 patients. After surgery all patients received targeted antibacterial and detoxification therapy. Results. After operations 5 patients died due to the progression of multiple organ failure. After surgery two patients required hemodialysis due to the development of anuria. 37 patients were discharged from the clinic in a satisfactory condition. 1 year after the operation 19 were diagnosed with chronic renal failure stage III. Conclusions. 1. CT with contrast enhancement is the best method for detecting foci of purulent destruction in the renal parenchyma. 2. Acute purulent bilateral pyelonephritis in 77.3% is complicated by urosepsis which requires intensive complex treatment: surgical debridement of purulent foci in both kidneys followed by long-term targeted antibacterial and detoxication therapy. 3. The prognosis for acute purulent bilateral pyelonephritis is always uncertain for life and poor for recovery.
Non-covalent Functionalized Schottky Interface at Ti3C2Tx/n-Si Van der Waals Heterojunction
Authors: Ros Costals Eloi , Francesc Cappela Xavier , Tom Thomas , Giraldo Sergio , Placidi Marcel , Voz Cristobal , Puigdollers Joaquim , Saucedo Edgardo , Tiwari Kunal Jogendra , Jehl Li Kao Zacharie
Published: September 2023

Low dimensional 2D materials such as graphene and carbon nano tubes have attracted significant attention from the solid-state device community and are considered as a potential candidate electrode to make functional contact with the Silicon (Si) and other industry compatible semiconductors. In this work we envisioned to utilize one such interesting 2D material Ti3C2Tx belonging to a rapidly emerging family of transition metal carbides/nitrides also known as MXene´s to fabricate the classical yet interesting Schottky junctions by simple drop casting of aqueous conducting colloidal solution of Ti3C2Tx on c-Si. Precisely, we anticipate to tune the work function of the Ti3C2Tx as well as the built-in potential of these Ti3C2Tx/c-Si Van der Waals heterojunction through inserting ultrathin interlayer of cationic polyelectrolytes/organic dipoles with a defined dipole moment value. In order to accomplish the interface engineering inclusion poly(ethylene)amine (PEI 0.1%), third generation poly(amido-)amine (PAMAM G3)), were tested between the Ti3C2TX and c-Si substrates. Charge transport properties of the fabricated Schottky devices with the structure of Ti3C2TX/organic dipole (O.D.) /c-Si were evaluated through systematic analysis of the current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) results. I-V measurements under dark conditions revealed that Schottky diodes fabricated with the (PEI 0.1%) and PAMAM G3 interlayers exhibited lowest reverse saturation current density (J0) value and improved built in potential (Vbi) value as compared to the devices with only 2D-Ti3C2Tx as contact. We report reduction in the work function value of Ti3C2Tx from 5.8 eV to 4.2 eV for Ti3C2Tx/PEI (0.1%) and 3.3 eV for Ti3C2Tx/PAMAM G3 heterostructures. On the basis of the inferences drawn from the surface analysis we ascribe this reduction in work function value to the formation of interfacial dipoles at the Ti3C2Tx/O.D. interface. Importantly this study highlights an innovative method to tune the work function of the Ti3C2Tx MXene inclusion of organic dipoles as interlayers.
PhotoCat: An Artificial Intelligence-Driven Synthesis Planning Platform for Photocatalysis
Authors: Xu Jiangcheng , Su An , Huang Panyi , Yu Wenbo , Du Kui , Fan Zhidan , Sun Bin , Zhong Zhicheng , Jin Can , Su Weike
Published: September 2023

Photocatalysis is becoming increasingly important in modern chemistry for efficient multicomponent one-pot synthesis. However, predicting the results of photocatalytic reactions using artificial intelligence remains challenging, mostly due to the insufficient number of photocatalytic reactions and the incomplete information on reaction conditions in existing reaction databases. In this study, we curated the Photocatalysis Database (PhotoCatDB), which consists of 6,523 photocatalytic reactions (of which 6,175 are multicomponent) containing reaction condition information such as photocatalysts, bases or acids, additives, and solvents. Before adding reaction conditions to the training data, the attention-based deep learning model PhotoCat pre-trained on USPTO and fine-tuned on PhotoCatDB had a Top-1 accuracy of 78.16%, which was 77.70% higher than the same model trained only on the USPTO database and 14.53% higher than the model fine-tuned by the photocatalytic reactions from Reaxys. After adding reaction conditions to the training data, the Top-1 accuracy of PhotoCat was further increased to 82.25%. In addition, the interpretability of the model was reflected in its attention weights, which can infer the model’s understanding of photocatalytic chemistry. Furthermore, five previously unreported photocatalytic reactions predicted by PhotoCat were successfully validated by wet-lab experiments, demonstrating the potential of the model in identifying and verifying novel photocatalysis reactions of real-world significance.
Modern Small States: Approaches to Operationalization, Classifications and Levels of Complex Analysis
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia (MGIMO University), Barabash B. A.
Published: September 2023

The relevance of the topic is attributed to the diversity of sovereign polities due to the relatively recent increase in the number of states, many of which possess an objectively small size, and changing role of small states that occupied a peripheral position within the bipolar system of international relations, and now are receiving more opportunities in a globalizing world that help them solve the problem of limited resources in world politics. At the same time, the category of small states is not unanimously agreed upon, despite its frequent use in public and scientific discourse by researchers. The aim of this article is to systematize approaches to the conceptualization and operationalization of small states based on absolute, relative, quantitative and qualitative criteria and to analyze their applicability at various levels from global to dyadic ones. The article also seeks to establish the number of small states based on the index of the size of the state developed by the Russian researcher A. V. Travish, taking into account the ratio between states in terms of their population, territory and GDP. Although this approach does not allow delineating the boundaries of qualitatively different subcategories of small states due to their large number, the author concludes that the selection of cases for thicker research should begin with a primary quantitative analysis. Finally, an attempt has been made to classify small states based on geographical and analytical criteria, taking into account the aforementioned index of the size of the state.
“Plunging into the Ontology of Prison Dungeons”: Social and Political Ideas of N. M. Yadrintsev about Places of Detention and Exiled Settlers on the Pages of the Prerevolutionary Publications “Delo” and “Nedelya”
Authors:   Altai State University, Golovinov A. V. , Golovinova Yu. V. ,   Altai State Pedagogical University
Published: September 2023

The publication is devoted to the reconstruction of social and political ideas of N. M. Yadrintsev in the field of problems of penitentiary policy. The authors emphasize the current political journalism of the ideologist of the Siberian regionalism, presented in the pre-revolutionary publications Delo and Nedelya. The purpose of the study is to show that it was on the pages of these central publications that the Siberian intellectual for the first time in his ideological and political heritage multilaterally reflected on exile as a punishment and widely discussed the “prison issue”. The article establishes that the founder of Siberian democratic regionalism consistently and systematically outlined a set of problematic issues and pain points of the state penitentiary policy of pre-revolutionary Russia already at an early stage of his ideological and political work. It is also shown that, within the framework of cooperation with democratic St. Petersburg publications, N. M. Yadrintsev shared with the reader his own observations and thoughts about the correctional and colonization significance of exile. Trying to substantiate the thesis of the inexpediency of exile to Siberia, the educator on the pages of the "Case" gave a detailed analysis of the historical sketch of Russian exile. Also, the ideologist of regionalism emphasized that solitary confinement, especially long-term one, only coarsens the criminal.
The Attitude of Siberian Students to the Content of Foreign Radio Stations at the End of the Soviet Period in Line with Political Culture
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Zulyar R. Yu. , Zulyar Yu. A. ,   Irkutsk State University, Serebryakov E. A. ,   Irkutsk Region State Archive
Published: September 2023

The modern development of the world political process demonstrates an already halfforgotten state of acute and uncompromising ideological confrontation. The current ideological discourse is neither a continuation nor a repetition of the ideological confrontation of the 20th century. Today, at the epicenter of the struggle are civilizational paradigms that give rise to mental wars. Based on the fact that current events are the result of yesterday's processes, the study of the forms and methods of the ideological struggle between the USSR and the collective West can be useful in solving today's problems. The article is a modern interpretation of the results of a large-scale sociological study of the mentality of Irkutsk students, carried out in 1985 by the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences as part of the project “Young Intelligentsia of Russia”. In Irkutsk, the survey covered 1145 respondents, the general population consisted of students from seven universities, and the data collection method was a questionnaire survey at the place of study. From the totality of the data obtained, the article considers one aspect – the attitude of students to foreign radio stations in comparison with domestic media, i.e. pre-communication installation. Of course, the Internet and social networks are a fundamentally different channel for the formation of opinions than radio broadcasting, but the perception of information by a person, especially young people, is similar. Channels of communication in the process of development of civilization are constantly being improved, but the principles of perception of information by the human body have remained unchanged.
Public Administration and Public Service 2040: Global Trends
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Martynova S. E.
Published: September 2023

Determination of the transformational characteristics of public administration and public service, including the competence of a public servant. The research methodology includes the analysis of scientific publications, conference proceedings; reports of foreign expert and research organizations; state development strategies until 2040. Overcoming the institutional framework, introducing innovations and experimentation, increasing the validity of decisions and meeting public needs are identified as the main transformational characteristics of public administration. The leading transformational characteristic of the public service is the transition to a talent management model. The professional “portrait” of a public servant highlights the abilities, skills and personal qualities that are necessary to implement the tasks of public administration in the future. The results can be in demand when developing innovative educational products, determining the prospective development of managerial personnel reserves, and developing strategic documents for the development of the public service.
Spatial Distribution of Human Capital’s Environmental Parameters
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Shestakova M. N. , Gruzdeva E. E. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kovbas E. S. ,   Linköpings University
Published: September 2023

The article examines the environmental parameters of human capital development by means of spatial statistical analysis. A number of indicators chosen by the authors reflect “resource availability” and “anthropogenic load” and is included in the set of parameters for the development of human capital. The UN member states world map was taken as the coordinate system for the analysis. In this system, the basic law of geography on the “neighborhood factor” was tested. At the same time, the “neighborhood factor” was tested in two kinds of spaces: physical (geometric neighborhood matrix) and geopolitical (geopolitical neighborhood matrix) ones. Both matrices were developed by the Center for Spatial Analysis of International Relations of the Institute for International Studies team, MGIMO University. The authors used multivariate analysis (in this paper, the analysis of the geographic average and multidimensional scaling) to test the hypothesis that in the modern world, physical space and, accordingly, physical neighborhood are not as important as geopolitical space based on ideological neighborhood. However, the study showed that despite the fact that the role of physical space is weakening, it still prevails over geopolitical, at least in such highly geographically determined indicators as the environmental components of human capital.
Toward the Question of Defining the Concept of “Party System”
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Shpagin S. A.
Published: September 2023

The article carries out a theoretical analysis of the categories “party system” and “relevant parties” in order to clarify the boundaries of these concepts. The contradictory traditional approach to the interpretation of these categories and the limited possibility of its application for the study of new and one-party political systems are shown. The application of a wide version of the definition of the party system, which includes the interaction of parties with citizens and institutions of power, as well as the prospect of recognizing all electoral parties as relevant, is justified.
Effectiveness of application of daily medicine boxes to compliance with anti-tuberculosis drug consumption in Indonesian tuberculosis patients
Authors: Falah Miftahul , Lismayanti Lilis , Sari Nina Pamela , Setiawan Asep , Restiana Nia , Sasyari Usman , Handayani Hani , Rosnawanty Rosy , Nuraeni Neni , Gunawan Indra , Meilani Kiki , Sansuwito Tukimin Bin , Said Faridah Mohd , Elengoe Asita , Munirah Munirah
Published: September 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases and is a major cause of poor health, thus becoming one of the leading causes of death in the world. In 2021 the World Health Organization (WHO) said that, 9.9 million people experienced TB disease worldwide. It is also estimated that every year there are 13,110 cases of people who die from TB disease. The number of TB cases in Indonesia is estimated at 845,000 cases in 2020 with 393,323 TB cases notified. According to data from the Tasikmalaya City Health Office in 2020, there were 1.045 cases of TB sufferers in Tasikmalaya City. TB disease can be cured by taking treatment for 6 months. Adherence to treatment is one way to prevent failure in TB treatment. The daily medicine box is one solution to improve patient compliance with anti-TB treatment. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of daily medication use on adherence to anti-TB medication in TB patients at the Tamansari Public Health Center, Tasikmalaya City. This study uses a quantitative approach with the research method of Pre-Experimental Design, one group with pre-test & post-test. The sample was 16 respondents in this study, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test used in this research. Results: The results showed that the pretest-posttest had an effect of the daily medicine box on adherence to taking anti-TB drugs in TB patients with p-value 0.000 <0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between before and after being given treatment. this study recommended that TB patients apply the daily medicine box as a tool to improve adherence to taking drugs so as to reduce failure in TB treatment.
EFECTO IN VITRO DE LA INFUSIÓN Y ACEITE ESENCIAL DE Caesalpinia Espinosa (TARA) SOBRE Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Macedo Valdivia Sonia , Cano Araujo Delia , Quispe Eduardo Bonet Antonela , Machaca Huancollo Kely Yudan , Loayza Mamani Whiney Darlin , Padilla Caceres Tania Carola
Published: September 2023

La Caesalpinia spinosa (Tara) es una planta muy utilizada en la medicina popular que se caracteriza por contener grandes cantidades de taninos en sus vainas, poseyendo actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana; en cavidad bucal los Streptococcus mutans son los principales microorganismos relacionados a la caries dental y se encuentran en la placa que se deposita en la superficie de los dientes. Los resultados in vitro del efecto inhibidor   de la Caesalpinia spinosa fueron obtenidos mediante la prueba de difusión con discos de papel filtro por el método de Kirby Bauer, embebidos con infusión a diferentes concentraciones de 50 %, 75 % y 100 %, y con aceite esencial al 100 %, el control positivo fue la clorhexidina al 0,12 % y el negativo agua destilada. Los resultados mostraron que la infusión de Caesalpinia spinosa en concentraciones de 50 %, 75 % y 100 % tienen efecto inhibitorio sobre las cepas de Streptococcus mutans con un promedio de 14,20 mm, 16,57 mm y 17,11 mm respectivamente a las 24 horas; el aceite esencial al 100 % de Caesalpinia spinosa tiene efecto inhibitorio mayor comparado con la infusión con un promedio de 18,09 mm también a las 24 horas, disminuyendo el efecto de ambos a las 48 horas. Se concluye que la infusión de Caesalpinia spinosa tiene efecto inhibitorio sobre cepas de Streptococcus mutans, y a mayor concentración mayor efectividad. El efecto inhibitorio del aceite esencial de Caesalpinia spinosa es mayor, pero en ambos es mejor a las 24 horas que a las 48 horas.
СПЕЦИФІКА МІЖНАРОДНИХ КОНФЛІКТІВ У КОНТЕКСТІ ЇХ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ
Authors: Чухрай Наталія
Published: September 2023

У статті з’ясовано еволюцію та сучасний зміст поняття «міжнародний конфлікт». Визначено його види, особливості, які впливають на потенційні способи врегулювання. Зауважено щодо того факту, що мирні методи врегулювання міжнародних конфліктів, започатковані ще звичаєвим правом, знаходять широке втілення в сучасному міжнародному праві. У сучасному міжнародному праві передбачено такі механізми залагоджування конфліктів, як міжнародні переговори, надання добрих послуг, посередництво.
Однак, усвідомлюючи всі деструктивні наслідки збройного розв’язання конфліктів, багато держав сучасного світу вдаються саме до такого способу вирішення різноманітних претензій. Збройні міжнародні конфлікти, своєю чергою, теж підлягають правовому регулюванню. Миротворчі процеси під час збройних конфліктів є дуже складними, багатовимірними та часто малоефективними. До миротворчих заходів відносять роззброєння, демобілізацію й реінтеграцію учасників конфлікту; переговори про припинення вогню; підписання мирних угод; багатосторонні миротворчі та стабілізаційні операції. Міжнародне право виділяє також такі форми припинення воєнних дій, як перемир’я й капітуляція, які також передбачають підписання мирних договорів.
Звернуто увагу на те, що більшість правових норм, що регулюють збройні конфлікти, містяться в міжнародних договорах: Женевських конвенціях, Гаазьких конвенціях, низці договорів, підписаних під егідою ООН тощо. Ними визначено категорії учасників і неучасників збройних конфліктів, військові та цивільні об’єкти, заборонені методи й засоби ведення війни, дозволені та заборонені види озброєння, визначаються воєнні злочини тощо. Однак держави, що обирають шлях війни, часто нехтують нормами міжнародного права, тому найчастіше ці норми застосовуються post factum, лише для притягнення до відповідальності держави-агресора чи окремих воєнних злочинців. Тому зроблено висновок, що на сьогодні залишаються без відповіді питання забезпечення світової безпеки, недопущення або припинення війни. Такий висновок підтверджують події в Україні.
Tuberculosis en un Distrito de Salud de Ecuador: situación epidemiológica y control de la enfermedad. Años 2017 y 2018
Authors: Pereira Olmos Hugo , Morales-Tonato Gladys , Arguello Efraín , Cruz-Mariño Alexandro , Quishpe-Narváez Erika , Ruffino-Netto Antonio
Published: September 2023

Introducción: La tuberculosis es la novena causa de muerte en el mundo y la primera de las enfermedades infecciosas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir la situación epidemiológica de la tuberculosis y el alcance de la respuesta de la estrategia de control en un distrito de salud de la serranía del Ecuador.
Materiales y Métodos: estudio descriptivo, con información secundaria de la base de registros de personas con tuberculosis del Distrito de Salud 17D06 Chilibulo – Lloa; los datos de identificación personal se mantuvieron bajo estricto carácter anónimo y confidencial.
Resultados: En el 2017 y 2018 hubo 39 y 44 casos de tuberculosis; el 61% fue de sexo masculino; el 71,8% fueron mayores a 35 años; la tasa de mortalidad fue de 0.02 y 0.97 por cada 100.000 habitantes. La  captación fue del 15,5% en el 2017 y 17,9% en el 2018. Las brechas en captación del sintomático respiratorio, diagnóstico de tuberculosis con baciloscopía positiva y su total estuvieron por encima del 80% en ambos años. De los pacientes que iniciaron tratamiento, el 87,2 % terminaron el mismo en el 2017 y el 31,8% en el 2018.
Discusión: La tasa de éxito en el tratamiento en el 2017 es similar a la meta planteada a nivel nacional (87%), algo inferior en el 2018. Los logros en captación también difieren al resto del país (30%),
Conclusión: El distrito de salud realiza un adecuado seguimiento en el tratamiento de personas con tuberculosis, pero falla en la captación de sintomáticos respiratorios.