bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Homochiral Multifunctional Metal-Organic Framework with Rod-Shaped Secondary Building Units
Authors: Cai Kun , Zhao Nian , Zhang Ning , Sun Fu-Xing , Zhao Qing , Zhu Guang-Shan
Published: April 2017

A new homochiral multifunctional metal-organic framework, [Zn2(CTBA)2·H2O] (JUC-112), was synthesized under solvothermal conditions, through the design of chiral ligand 4-(3-carboxy-2,2,3-trimethylcyclopentanecarboxamido) benzoic acid (H2CTBA) based on camphoric acid as building block. The crystal structure of the new material is a 2-dimensional (2D) chiral layer packed with infinite rod-shaped secondary building units (SBUs). The homochiral framework was identified by circular dichroism (CD) spectrum. Thermogravimetric measurement indicates its high thermal stability up to 450 °C. In addition, JUC-112 exhibits the capability of separating water from alcohols, second-order nonlinear optical effect, and photoluminescence.
Increased Expression of Cullin 3 in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Knockdown Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion
Authors: Zeng Ruifang , Tan Guolin , Li Wei , Ma Yanhong
Published: April 2017

This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of cullin 3 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), as well as to explore the regulatory mechanism of cullin 3 underlying the growth and metastasis of NPC cells. Our findings showed that the expression levels of cullin
3 were significantly increased in both NPC tissues and cell lines. A strong positive correlation was found between cullin 3 expression and the Ki-67-based proliferation index in NPC tissues. Moreover, cullin 3 overexpression was correlated with local relapse and distant metastasis in NPC patients.
In vitro experiments showed that knockdown of cullin 3 caused a significant reduction in the proliferation of NPC cells, probably by inducing cell cycle arrest. In addition, downregulation of cullin 3 inhibited colony formation and the migratory and invasive capacities of NPC cells. The expression
levels of PCNA and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were also meditated by cullin 3 in NPC cells. Based on these findings, we demonstrated that cullin 3 plays a promoting role in the malignant progression of NPC and suggest that the cullin 3-based ubiquitin proteasome pathway may be used as a promising therapeutic target for NPC.
Unusual positional effects on flower sex in an andromonoecious tree: Resource competition, architectural constraints, or inhibition by the apical flower?
Authors: Granado‐Yela Carlos , Balaguer Luis , Cayuela Luis , Méndez Marcos
Published: April 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Two, nonmutually exclusive, mechanisms—competition for resources and architectural constraints—have been proposed to explain the proximal to distal decline in flower size, mass, and/or femaleness in indeterminate, elongate inflorescences. Whether these mechanisms also explain unusual positional effects such as distal to proximal declines of floral performance in determinate inflorescences, is understudied.

METHODS:

We tested the relative influence of these mechanisms in the andromonoecious wild olive tree, where hermaphroditic flowers occur mainly on apical and the most proximal positions in determinate inflorescences. We experimentally increased the availability of resources for the inflorescences by removing half of the inflorescences per twig or reduced resource availability by removing leaves. We also removed the apical flower to test its inhibitory effect on subapical flowers.

KEY RESULTS:

The apical flower had the highest probability of being hermaphroditic. Further down, however, the probability of finding a hermaphroditic flower decreased from the base to the tip of the inflorescences. An experimental increase of resources increased the probability of finding hermaphroditic flowers at each position, and vice versa. Removal of the apical flower increased the probability of producing hermaphroditic flowers in proximal positions but not in subapical positions.

CONCLUSIONS:

These results indicate an interaction between resource competition and architectural constraints in influencing the arrangement of the hermaphroditic and male flowers within the inflorescences of the wild olive tree. Subapical flowers did not seem to be hormonally suppressed by apical flowers. The study of these unusual positional effects is needed for a general understanding about the functional implications of inflorescence architecture.
Steel beam–column joint with discontinuous vertical reinforcing bars
Authors: HU Ju-Yun , HONG Won-Kee
Published: April 2017

The authors have previously proposed steel beam–column connections for precast concrete frames. The steel–concrete composite frames combined the advantages of the fast assembly of steel and the low cost of concrete structures. However, when not enough space is available at column–beam joints, steel sections from beams cannot be connected with column brackets. To address this issue, this paper explores the strategy of disconnecting some vertical reinforcing bars at the joints by connecting vertical steel reinforcements to steel plates placed above and below column steels, to provide a load transfer path. Loads from re-bars are transferred to steel plates, column steels, and back to steel plates and re-bars below the column steels. This strategy provided space for beam–column joints of composite frames. Extensive experiments were performed to verify load transfer from re-bars to steel plates above joints and from the steel plates to re-bars below the joint. The flexural load-bearing capacity of a column with a total of 24 vertical re-bars was compared to that of columns with discontinuous re-bars at the joints; the number of discontinuous re-bars at the joint used in the column specimens tested was 0 (0.0%), 4 (16.7%), 12 (50.0%), and 20 (83.3%).
Young Stellar Objects in the Massive Star-forming Regions W51 and W43
Authors: Saral G. , Hora J. L. , Audard M. , Koenig X. P. , Martínez-Galarza J. R. , Motte F. , Nguyen-Luong Q. , Saygac A. T. , Smith H. A.
Published: April 2017

We present the results of our investigation of the star-forming complexes W51 and W43, two of the brightest in the first Galactic quadrant. In order to determine the young stellar object (YSO) populations in W51 and W43 we used color–magnitude relations based on Spitzer mid-infrared and 2MASS/UKIDSS near-infrared data. We identified 302 Class I YSOs and 1178 Class II/transition disk candidates in W51, and 917 Class I YSOs and 5187 Class II/transition disk candidates in W43. We also identified tens of groups of YSOs in both regions using the Minimal Spanning Tree (MST) method. We found similar cluster densities in both regions, even though Spitzer was not able to probe the densest part of W43. By using the Class II/I ratios, we traced the relative ages within the regions and, based on the morphology of the clusters, we argue that several sites of star formation are independent of one another in terms of their ages and physical conditions. We used spectral energy distribution-fitting to identify the massive YSO (MYSO) candidates since they play a vital role in the star formation process, and then examined them to see if they are related to any massive star formation tracers such as UCH ii regions, masers, or dense fragments. We identified 17 MYSO candidates in W51, and 14 in W43, respectively, and found that groups of YSOs hosting MYSO candidates are positionally associated with H ii regions in W51, though we do not see any MYSO candidates associated with previously identified massive dense fragments in W43.
Vers un marché transatlantique de la santé ou les enjeux de la coopération réglementaire du projet de Partenariat transatlantique de commerce et d’investissement (TTIP) dans le domaine pharmaceutique
Authors: Jourdain-Fortier Clotilde
Published: April 2017

Le projet de partenariat transatlantique de commerce et d’investissement, dit TTIP, couvre divers secteurs industriels, dont celui des produits pharmaceutiques et des dispositifs médicaux. L’objectif de ce projet est ainsi, en matière de santé, de nature économique, marchande : il s’agit, pour les négociateurs, de créer un marché transatlantique de la santé, entendons un espace géographique au sein duquel les produits de santé pourront circuler plus facilement qu’ailleurs, en raison notamment d’un abaissement des barrières non tarifaires aux échanges extrêmement nombreuses en ce secteur. En d’autres termes, le projet tend vers la création d’un marché qui se rapprocherait d’un marché intérieur transatlantique. Et pour réduire, voire supprimer, les barrières non tarifaires, le projet envisage principalement de développer la coopération réglementaire entre les États-Unis et l’Europe qui seule permettra de supprimer les doublons, les complications sur un plan administratif, et donc de faciliter les échanges. Mais il faut alors s’interroger sur le domaine de cette coopération réglementaire, sur ses modalités et limites, pour déterminer ses conséquences potentielles sur l’autonomie réglementaire des États en matière de protection de la santé publique. L’une des questions est ainsi de savoir si cette coopération réglementaire est pensée et organisée en faveur des intérêts privés des laboratoires pharmaceutiques seuls, ou si elle prend en considération d’autres considérations, notamment non commerciales, favorables aux intérêts des citoyens et des consommateurs, et jusqu’alors non traités ou peu au plan multilatéral.
L’après-13 Novembre
Authors: Audoin-Rouzeau Stéphane
Published: April 2017

Cet article propose l’hypothèse que l’après-13 Novembre a permis, pour une période de temps assez brève, l’émergence en France d’une « culture de guerre » dans des formes souvent proches de celles dont on peut observer la formation en 1914-1918. Au titre des correspondances possibles : la formation d’une « Union sacrée » autour du président de la République, la mobilisation intensive des symboles nationaux, le processus d’héroïsation des victimes, des sauveteurs et des forces de l’ordre, la stigmatisation violente d’un « ennemi » rabattu du côté de la barbarie. L’article s’interroge enfin sur différentes possibilités d’interprétation d’un tel phénomène, entre mobilisation des références historiques, manifestation d’un puissant patriotisme défensif et rejeu du « mythe de l’unité ».
Quand l’actualité entre en résonance avec un objet de recherche
Authors: Vincent Marie-Bénédicte
Published: April 2017

L’article montre les échos nés entre l’actualité récente provoquée par les attentats de 2015-2016 en France et les politiques et débats qui les ont suivis (loi sur l’état d’urgence, assignations à résidence des individus jugés dangereux, mesures d’internement administratif, etc.) et un chantier de recherche personnel consacré à l’histoire de la dénazification de l’Allemagne après 1945, en particulier les mesures d’internement des cadres du régime nazi décrétées par les puissances d’occupation. L’article ne compare pas à proprement parler ces deux situations, mais met en évidence un certain nombre d’analogies et de résonances, en faisant le détour par l’expérience et la mémoire de la guerre d’Algérie qui pèsent dans le cas français en matière d’internement. À partir d’une structure triangulaire (actualité, guerre d’Algérie, Libération), l’article s’interroge en définitive sur les effets que provoque inévitablement le présent dans les questionnements des chercheurs.
The Perspectives of Medical Errors in the Health Care Industry
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: April 2017

This chapter presents the overview of medical errors; drug prescription errors and prescribing; the overview of medical error disclosure; medical errors and telemedicine; medical errors and medical education; the overview of nursing medication errors; and the aspects of medical errors in the health care industry. Reducing medical errors, increasing patient safety, and improving the quality of health care are the major goals in the health care industry. Medical errors are caused by mistakes in drug prescription, dosing, and medical administration in inpatient and outpatient settings. Heath care-related guidelines, institutional safety practices, and modern health care technologies must be applied in hospitals, clinics, and medical offices to reduce the occurrence of medical errors. The chapter argues that understanding the perspectives of medical errors has the potential to enhance health care performance and reach strategic goals in the health care industry.
Active and Healthy Aging
Authors: Özmete Emine
Published: April 2017

This study aims to investigate the difficulties experienced by elderly persons in accessing healthcare services and their satisfaction with issues as regards the healthcare system. In this study, qualitative research was carried out to assess the difficulties regarding the healthcare delivery system and satisfaction with the healthcare services. This qualitative research was performed through in-depth interviews with 6 men and 4 women aged 65+ years, in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey. It was discovered that elderly persons required the support of others to access a doctor, a health institution or hospital and the care and support of others for the regular intake of their drugs with increasing age. They were satisfied with the current family physician program. The most significant challenges experienced by elderly persons regarding the healthcare delivery system included crowded hospitals, difficulty walking, the unavailability of wheel chairs, and inadequate assistance from support staff.
Knowledge in Action
Authors: Barrett Theresa J.
Published: April 2017

This chapter will explore the possibilities and the challenges presented by technology in the area of patient education. Beginning with an overview of the use of the medical record in patient care, the chapter will move on to discuss the evolution of electronic health records (EHR) and the emergence of health information technology in the education of patients. Emerging technologies, the primary care physician's role in creating tailored education plans for their patients, as well as the importance of self-directness in learning both for the physician and the patient will also be discussed. The chapter will conclude with an overview of information and health literacy and how these impact shared-decision making and patient activation (the ability to be engaged in one's own health care). The overall goal of the chapter is to present how physicians and patients can use technology in order to facilitate better patient care and improve patient outcomes.
Literacy and Decision Making on Health Issues among Married Women in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Babalola Adejoke Clara
Published: April 2017

It has been observed that women lag behind in participating in decision making in Nigeria as the number of women in key positions is nothing to write home about. The study is set to determine the level of women participation in health related decision making and investigate the effect of literacy on women's participation in health related decision making. A random sampling method was used to select three states; and from the three states three Local Government Areas (LGAs) and from the 3 (LGAs) 64 to 68 eligible respondents were selected by purposive sampling technique, making a total number of 600 respondents. Questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents.
A Review of Trust Management for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Singh Sarbjeet
Published: April 2017

Establishing trust in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) is a challenging task. Trust management consists of various activities like prediction of trust, computation of trust, propagation of trust, aggregation of trust etc. Trust prediction can be done based on past behavior of node, internal parameters of the node, or it can be induction-based or neural-network based. Trust computation can be centralized or distributed. Trust propagation can be social networks based, small world phenomenon based, web of trust based, distributed hash table based. Trust aggregation can be weighted average based, probability based, sequential, conditional-sequential, parallel or subjective logic based. This work presents the review of various activities pertaining to trust management to enable researchers, academicians and practitioners to identify and address trust related issues in a better way.
Sensing and Performance Issues with Reconfigurable Wireless Transceiver
Authors: Mukherjee Amrit , Sahoo Sagaika , Datta Amlan
Published: April 2017

With the wide applications of wireless communication, it becomes an important factor to keep the pace of the spectrum usage for all the new applications. To improve efficiently the spectrum usage in variety of applications, where the primary users are not active all the time, we can introduce the secondary users to exploit the radio frequency spectrum by not creating any interference to the Primary Users (PU). Unlike the pre-assigned spectrum allocation policy that has been adopted by various wireless technologies, in Cognitive Radio (CR), the whole spectrum is divided into many bands and corresponding channels where spectrum holes exist. The main challenge is thus to sense these holes and accommodate the secondary unlicensed users. In this chapter, proposing the Quantized data fusion sensing which is one of the type of cooperative sensing scheme used for unused spectrum sensing and acknowledgement to secondary signals. Simulation results with error rates are improved by the activity of PU and have been presented.
Infrastructural Development
Authors: Adhikary Maniklal , Khatun Melisha
Published: April 2017

Development of infrastructure industries is essential to enhance the growth of a developing country. The present chapter attempts to examine the impact of infrastructure on Gross Domestic Product and Per Capita Gross Domestic Product of six SAARC countries from the period 1990-91 to 2013-14. The model is mis-specified whenever we have used the restricted panel data model. We have derived the results by employing the unrestricted panel data model. Impact of road, internet users and total electricity production on the level of GDP as well as on the level of PCGDP is highest for India among the all SAARC countries. India has also the highest rate of growth of GDP over the entire period. Rate of growth of PCGDP is highest for Sri Lanka followed by India.
The Impact of Infrastructure on Growth and Development
Authors: Osei-Hwedie Bertha Z. , Kurantin Napoleon
Published: April 2017

Infrastructure development is considered a key factor in promoting economic growth and attracting foreign investors for sustainable production and productivity. Conversely, inadequate levels of infrastructure constrain economic growth, a situation developing countries find themselves in. This requires the government to invest in infrastructure supplemented by external financing. This chapter, therefore, discusses how levels of infrastructure development affect economic growth in Ghana, since 1986 to date. The focus is on road transport infrastructure and its impact on economic growth under successive Ghanaian governments. Using the Cobb-Douglas production function and Vector Auto-regression (VAR) approach our analysis shows a positive relationship between infrastructure development and economic growth. This explains governments' improved allocation and expenditure on infrastructure development and maintenance in the 2000s. Ghana governments' attempts to plan and prioritize development of infrastructure, roads in particular, and create a culture of maintenance are targeted at raising the country's competitiveness and attractiveness to foster growth of all sectors of the economy.
Endogenous Growth and R&D Infrastructure
Authors: Das Koushik
Published: April 2017

This chapter attempts to capture the effects of R&D led endogenous growth in an open economy Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) framework which is based on R&D based social accounting Matrix (SAM). Effects of physical and R&D led knowledge capital accumulation have been studied through simulation experiments. It is reported that increase of public expenditure in R&D promotes growth and expands sectoral outputs at the cost of fiscal deficit. Moderate increase of direct tax in the form of education can finance public expenditure on R&D without much reduction of real domestic income of the households.
Trade Liberalization, Infrastructure Development, and FDI in India and China
Authors: Bhattacharyya Rajib
Published: April 2017

The two largest economies in Emerging Asia, China and India, are considered to be the ‘power houses' of global economy. China and India adopted the policy of ‘opening up to the outside world' respectively in 1978 and 1991. Trade openness and infrastructure development has been acknowledged as crucial pre-conditions for attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). China's path of development was guided by the so called fast growing nations, which laid substantial emphasis on building strong infrastructural base at great speed. But India, on the other hand did not adopt the strategy of building infrastructure base prior to the growth of demand, like the one which has been followed by most successful Asian countries achieving rapid infrastructure development. So early opening up and improved infrastructure has attracted more FDI in China than in India. So the present study seeks to examine the relationship between trade liberalization, infrastructure development and FDI inflows in India and China using secondary time series data in a comparative analytical framework.
Modeling Associations
Authors: Peterson James K.
Published: April 2017

In this work, the authors develop signaling models based on ideas from homology and discuss how to design a model of signal space which decomposes the incoming signals into classes of progressively higher levels of associative meaning. The tools needed are illustrated with a simple approach using standard linear algebra processing but this is just a simple point of departure into a more complex and potentially more useful signal processing toolbox involving computational homology. These ideas then lead to models of grammar for signals in terms of cascaded barcode signal representations.
Machine Learning Methods as a Test Bed for EEG Analysis in BCI Paradigms
Authors: Mohanchandra Kusuma , Saha Snehanshu
Published: April 2017

Machine learning techniques, is a crucial tool to build analytical models in EEG data analysis. These models are an excellent choice for analyzing the high variability in EEG signals. The advancement in EEG-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) demands advanced processing tools and algorithms for exploration of EEG signals. In the context of the EEG-based BCI for speech communication, few classification and clustering techniques is presented in this book chapter. A broad perspective of the techniques and implementation of the weighted k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), Support vector machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT) and Random Forest (RF) is explained and their usage in EEG signal analysis is mentioned. We suggest that these machine learning techniques provides not only potentially valuable control mechanism for BCI but also a deeper understanding of neuropathological mechanisms underlying the brain in ways that are not possible by conventional linear analysis.
Machine Learning Approaches for Supernovae Classification
Authors: Agrawal Surbhi , Bora Kakoli , Routh Swati
Published: April 2017

In this chapter, authors have discussed few machine learning techniques and their application to perform the supernovae classification. Supernovae has various types, mainly categorized into two important types. Here, focus is given on the classification of Type-Ia supernova. Astronomers use Type-Ia supernovae as “standard candles” to measure distances in the Universe. Classification of supernovae is mainly a matter of concern for the astronomers in the absence of spectra. Through the application of different machine learning techniques on the data set authors have tried to check how well classification of supernovae can be performed using these techniques. Data set used is available at Riess et al. (2007) (astro-ph/0611572).
Referees
Authors: Education Acta Scientiarum
Published: April 2017

Referees for Volume 39, n. 1 of the Acta Scientiarium. Education, 2017
A política educacional no contexto das relações federativas
Authors: Assis Waneide Ferreira dos Santos , Silva Celeida Maria Souza e
Published: April 2017

Pretendemos evidenciar, por meio de uma contextualização histórica, as inúmeras mudanças ocasionadas nas políticas públicas e, em especial na política educacional, após o advento da Constituição Federal de 1988. Essas mudanças foram motivadas fundamentalmente pelo ‘novo federalismo’ ali proposto que elevou os municípios à condição de ente federado, bem como pelo processo de descentralização, representado pela municipalização das políticas sociais. O processo de descentralização ocorreu em atendimento ao clamor da sociedade brasileira nos anos de 1980 em prol da democratização das políticas sociais, maior participação da sociedade civil e a eficiência na gestão pública. Utilizaremos como ‘pano de fundo’ para a nossa reflexão a Constituição Federal de 1988 e a instituição do Sistema Federativo do Brasil, que trouxe grandes inovações, porém, inúmeros desafios à implantação e execução das políticas educacionais.
Letramento: o alcance político de uma questão
Authors: Pereira Anderson De Carvalho
Published: April 2017

Recentemente tem se consolidado uma rede de sentidos sobre letramento, em queo sentido dominante sobre o termo remete ao modelo autônomo de escrita, de herança individualista e cognitivista. Por meio de uma discussão teórica com base em uma perspectiva discursiva, que resgata aspectos sócio-históricos cruciais no tratamento da questão, o artigo mostra que essa consolidação converge para uma posição política. Por isso trata-se de trilhar um caminho em detrimento do outro, o que é analisado aqui ao se problematizar modos de esse sentido dominante prevalecer em materialidades discursivas, como livros didáticose materiais disponibilizados por programas governamentais, como o Proletramento. Os resultados apontam para um ‘mal-entendido’ acerca de letramento que caracteriza um modo de se inscrever um embate discursivo de valor político.
Numerical Study of Double Diffusive Convection within the Annular Region of Two Concentric Vertical Cylinders
Authors: Medebber Mohamed Amine , Retiel Nourddine
Published: April 2017

This article reports a numerical study of double-diffusive convection within the annular region of two concentric vertical cylinders. The outer vertical wall is maintained at lower uniform temperature and concentration, while the inner vertical wall is maintained at higher uniform temperature and concentration. The top and bottom horizontal walls are adiabatic and impermeable to mass transfer. The resulting governing equations are solved using a finite volume method. The coupling between the continuity and momentum equations is solved using the SIMPLER algorithm. The compilations have been obtained for Prandtl numbers (Pr) equal to 7.0, and Lewis number (Le) equal to 100. The thermal Rayleigh number (RaT) and height ratio (X) are, respectively, varied in the range 103≤RaT≤106 and 0.0≤X≤1.0. The influence of physical and geometrical parameters on the streamlines, isotherms, isoconcentrations, average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers has been numerically investigated in detail.
Synergistic effect of certain insecticides combined with Bacillus thuringiensis on mosquito larvae
Authors: Narkhede C.P. , Patil C.D. , Suryawanshi R.K. , Koli S.H. , Mohite B.V. , Patil S.V.
Published: April 2017

For effective vector control it is essential to formulate new preparations having multiple action against the vector pest. Developing combined formulation of biopesticide and chemical pesticide is one of the novel concept to fight against the vectors with new weapons; however, compatibility of biopesticide i.e. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and chemical pesticide is a real hurdle. In this investigation, local isolate Bacillus thuringiensis SV2 (BtSV2) was tested for its compatibility with various available mosquito larvicides. Temephos was most compatible with BtSV2 than with other tested pesticides. These two compatible agents were tested for larvicidal potential. Our study revealed that the synergistic effect of both agents reduces LC50 value by 30.68 and 22.36% against the Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi, respectively. The larvicidal potential increased when compared to individual pesticides. It was also observed a biochemical change in larvae after the TBT (Temephos + Bacillus thuringiensis) combination treatment; it involves decreased level of alpha esterase, acetylcholine esterase and protein while level of beta esterase and acid phosphatase was unchanged and alkaline phosphatase activity was increased. Increased potential of combined formulation may be due to altered physiological condition.
Additions to the vascular flora of Abruzzo and surrounding. IV contribution
Authors: Conti Fabio , Paolucci Marco , Bartolucci Fabrizio , Di Carlo Francesco , Manzi Aurelio , Paris Pasqualino , Santucci Bruno
Published: April 2017

In this paper new floristic records for 22 units are reported for Central Italy, mainly for Abruzzo. In particular 14 taxa are native and 8 aliens, 16 are new or confirmed to Abruzzo, 1 is new to Marche. In addition new distribution data for 4 rare or interesting in Abruzzo and 1 in Lazio regions have been recorded. Some of these species are particularly interesting from a phytogeographical or conservational point of view as they are very rare in Central Italy (Antirrhinum siculum, Convolvulus pentapetaloides and Vicia melanops).
Ethnic reasoning in social identity of Hebrews: A social-scientific study
Authors: Kissi Seth , Van Eck Ernest
Published: April 2017

Ethnicity reasoning offers one way of looking at social identity in the letter to the Hebrews. The context of socio-economic abuse and hardships of the audience creates a situation in which ethnicity in social identity becomes an important issue for the author of Hebrews to address. This article is a social-scientific study which explores how the author establishes the ethnic identity of the audience as people of God. While this ethnic identity indicates the more privileged position the readers occupy in relation to the benefits of God accessible to them, it also provides the author with the appropriate social institutions and scripts by which his demand for appropriate response to God and the Christian group becomes appreciable and compelling. The article involves the definition of social-scientific criticism, ethnicity and social identity, and discusses the social context of the letter to the Hebrews. It then explains how some social scripts within specific ethnic institutions give meaning to the demands the author makes from his readers.
Minimising negative externalities cost using 0-1 mixed integer linear programming model in e-commerce environment
Authors: Tetteh Akyene , Dsane-Nsor Sarah
Published: April 2017

Background: Although the Internet boosts business profitability, without certain activities like efficient transportation, scheduling, products ordered via the Internet may reach their destination very late. The environmental problems (vehicle part disposal, carbon monoxide [CO], nitrogen oxide [NOx] and hydrocarbons [HC]) associated with transportation are mostly not accounted for by industries.Objectives: The main objective of this article is to minimising negative externalities cost in e-commerce environments.Method: The 0-1 mixed integer linear programming (0-1 MILP) model was used to model the problem statement. The result was further analysed using the externality percentage impact factor (EPIF).Results: The simulation results suggest that (1) The mode of ordering refined petroleum products does not impact on the cost of distribution, (2) an increase in private cost is directly proportional to the externality cost, (3) externality cost is largely controlled by the government and number of vehicles used in the distribution and this is in no way influenced by the mode of request (i.e. Internet or otherwise) and (4) externality cost may be reduce by using more ecofriendly fuel system.
Evaluation of plant-produced Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep
Authors: Mokoena Tinyiko , Chakauya Ereck , Crampton Michael , Weyers Boet , Tselanyane Malefa , Tsekoa Tsepo , Chikwamba Rachel
Published: April 2017

Enterotoxaemia (pulpy kidney) is a common bacterial disease of sheep caused by Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin. It has mortality rates of up to 30% in non-vaccinated animals. Current vaccines from whole cell cultures are expensive to manufacture and can induce local inflammatory responses in sheep. They usually have reduced immunogenicity because of the difficulty of standardising the inactivation step in vaccine manufacturing. In the current study, we evaluated the safety and potency of a recombinant plant-made epsilon toxoid protein (r-Etox) as an affordable and safer alternative vaccine for developing countries. Results of injection site reactions, rectal temperature and toxin neutralisation test in single and prime– boost inoculations of mice, guinea pigs and sheep suggest that the product is not toxic to animals and could protect sheep against enterotoxaemia.
Long-Term Outcomes of In Situ Fusion for Treating Dysplastic Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Inage Kazuhide , Orita Sumihisa , Yamauchi Kazuyo , Suzuki Miyako , Sakuma Yoshihiro , Kubota Go , Oikawa Yasuhiro , Sainoh Takeshi , Sato Jun , Fujimoto Kazuki , Shiga Yasuhiro , Abe Koki , Kanamoto Hirohito , Inoue Masahiro , Kinoshita Hideyuki , Norimoto Masaki , Umimura Tomotaka , Takahashi Kazuhisa , Ohtori Seiji
Published: April 2017

Study Design

Retrospective, observational, single-center study.

Purpose

To investigate the long-term outcomes of in situ fusion procedures for treating dysplastic spondylolisthesis.

Overview of Literature

In situ fusion performed in patients with dysplastic spondylolisthesis avoids the development of nerve complications.

Methods

In total, 12 of 28 patients who underwent in situ fusion for treating dysplastic spondylolisthesis at Chiba University Hospital from 1974 to 2004 were followed up in August 2013. Surgical complications were evaluated. Low back pain and leg pain were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Vertebral alignment, including the lumbosacral angle and lumbar lordosis angle measurement on radiographic images (profile view in the neutral standing position), was evaluated during preoperative, postoperative, and final examinations.

Results

The mean follow-up duration, patient age at the final examination, and patient age at operation were 20.0±7.2, 42.3±13.3, and 22.3±11.4 years, respectively. No complications were reported. Mean VAS scores for low back pain and leg pain were significantly lower at the final examination than at the preoperative examination (p<0.05). At the preoperative, postoperative, and final examinations, the mean lumbosacral angle was 32.3°±14.2°, 33.7°±11.8°, and 36.5°±16.4°, while the mean lumbar lordosis angle was 51.0°±14.8°, 48.6°±18.8°, and 49.6°±15.5°, respectively. No significant differences were noted among these values across the different time periods (p<0.05).

Conclusions

In situ fusion performed in patients with dysplastic spondylolisthesis avoids the development of nerve complications such as nerve paralysis that may occur after repositioning operation and maintains appropriate long-term sagittal alignment, even 20 years after operation.
A simple approach to overcome the problems arising from the Keynesian stability condition
Authors: Franke Reiner
Published: April 2017

The Keynesian stability condition is a necessary assumption for the IS equilibrium concept to make economic sense. With reasonable values for the saving parameter(s), however, it typically implies excessively strong multiplier effects. This is more than a cosmetic issue, not least because any simulation study of an otherwise ambitious model will thus be fraught with severe problems along some of its dimensions. The present paper demonstrates that by introducing proportional tax rates on production, corporate income and personal income, the multipliers will be considerably dampened. Within an elementary Kaleckian framework, it also advances a fairly satisfactory numerical calibration.
Amalgamation of South Africa’s rural municipalities: is it a good idea?
Authors: Ncube Mkhululi , Monnakgotla Jabulile
Published: April 2017

The majority of South African municipalities facing the challenges of unemployment, poverty and weak infrastructure are in rural areas. To fulfil their mandate, they depend significantly on financial transfers.  This is something that the government is focused on minimising as evidenced by the recent Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs proposal of amalgamating many municipalities to make them self-reliant and functional.  This paper asks the question: ‘will amalgamations of rural municipalities correct for financial viability and functionality’? Using case studies of amalgamated municipalities, the paper observes that amalgamations will not make all rural municipalities self-sufficient and functional.
Provincial–regional ANC politics in the Northern Cape: corruption or everyday informal practices?
Authors: Nzo Thina
Published: April 2017

Research over the last decade on local government in South Africa has highlighted that some municipal councils under the political leadership of the Africa National Congress (ANC) have shown weak political leadership, coupled with strong patronage systems, rent-seeking and corruption which have had an impact on the institutional functionality of municipalities in South Africa. Although patronage politics have been predominantly used to analyse the dynamics of post-apartheid local government ANC politics and councillor representation, this prevents us from understanding the representational focus of ANC councillors in decision-making processes. This paper offers an ethnographic insight into experiences of ANC councillors and the political complexities involved in council decision-making. Using ethnographic research, this paper will analyse how a political decision by the ANC provincial party, which was supported by the ANC regional party at local level – to erect a statue of Nelson Mandela in one of the municipalities in the Northern Cape – generated tensions amongst ANC councillors who strongly viewed their primary role as promoters of better ‘service delivery’ rather than approving the allocation of scarce municipal resources for erecting a statue. The paper reveals how the dominant presence of ANC sub-regional structures at local level contribute to the complex interaction of both ANC party political and municipal organisational rules and norms that influence and shape councillors’ choices in decision-making.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM APLICATIVO ANDROID PARA A HIDRÁULICA DE CANAIS
Authors: Alves Braga Pedro Henrique , Martins de Menezes Filho Frederico Carlos , Mendonça Freire Guilherme
Published: April 2017

RESUMO: O presente artigo aborda o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para sistema Android destinado a estudantes e profissionais que lidam com a hidráulica de canais ou condutos livres, constituindo também uma ferramenta didática para o ensino da referida disciplina nos cursos de Engenharia. O aplicativo abrange o dimensionamento de canais retangulares e trapezoidais pela determinação da profundidade normal; a determinação do diâmetro de seções circulares verificando as restrições de velocidade (v) e da relação altura d'água e diâmetro (h/d); a verificação da capacidade hidráulica de seções retangulares e trapezoidais pela determinação da vazão e o cálculo da profundidade crítica. O desenvolvimento do aplicativo deu-se pela utilização da IDE (Integrated Development Environment) Android Studio. Para o dimensionamento e determinação das profundidades normal e crítica para canais retangulares e trapezoidais, dispôs-se do método de Newton-Raphson criando estruturas de repetição a partir da fórmula de Manning, permitindo a resolução de cálculos de maneira rápida. Já para o dimensionamento das seções circulares dispôs-se das equações propostas por Saatçi (1990) e Menezes Filho e Costa (2012). Os resultados obtidos com o aplicativo quando comparados às metodologias de tentativa e erro ou sistemática iterativa ou gráfica foram satisfatórios para diversos exemplos coletados na literatura, configurando-se assim uma ferramenta didática importante para o ensino da hidráulica de canais.
ANÁLISE NÃO-LINEAR DE ARCOS UTILIZANDO O ELEMENTO DE VIGA UNIFICADO BERNOULLI-TIMOSHENKO E A FORMULAÇÃO CO-ROTACIONAL
Authors: Oliveira Gabriel Costa , Matias Silva William Taylor
Published: April 2017

RESUMO: Neste trabalho é descrita a formulação co-rotacional de um elemento de viga unificado, que engloba as teorias de Euler-Bernoulli e de Timoshenko e que não apresenta bloqueio por cisalhamento. A cinemática co-rotacional se baseia na separação do movimento de um sólido em uma parte deformacional, e a outra, em movimento de corpo rígido. O movimento deformacional do elemento é descrito por três modos naturais de deformação relacionados aos esforços axial, de flexão pura e de flexão simples, respectivamente. Os esforços internos gerados pelos modos de deformação naturais são autoequilibrados, o que permite obter uma matriz de rigidez tangente consistente. Descreve-se de forma detalhada a obtenção das matrizes de rigidez geométrica e material. Por meio de alguns exemplos numéricos é demonstrada a habilidade do elemento de viga unificado em lidar com grandes translações e rotações de corpo-rígido.

ABSTRACT: This present paper describes the co-rotational formulation for unified beams, that combine the Euler-Bernoulli and the Timoshenko theories, witch don’t have problems with shear locking. The co-rotational cinematic is based on the separation of the montion in deformational and rigid body components. The deformation movement of the element is described by three natural modes of deformation related to the axial efforts, pure bending and simple bending. The internal forces generated by the natural deformation modulus are self-equilibrated which allows to obtain a consistent tangent stiffness matrix. Development of the geometric and the material stiffness matrix is described in details. Throughout some numerical examples present the ability of the co-rotational formulation for uniﬁed beams to handle with large translations and rotations of rigid body.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O BRINQUEDO NA SOCIEDADE DO CAPITAL
Authors: Gonçalves Carlos Augusto , Aparecida de Oliveira Eva
Published: April 2017

Este texto consiste em uma análise do Brinquedo como um produto que se tornou mercadoria. Partindo desta observação, pergunto sobre os resultados das relações culturais produzidas por meio da interação do sujeito com o brinquedo mercadoria. Para tanto, foram usados os textos de Walter Benjamin (2004, 2012, 2013) como principal aporte teórico. O texto consiste em três momentos: (a) apresenta uma discussão que tem como tese central expor a relação dos sujeitos com o brinquedo mercadoria; (b) demonstra os resultados desta relação, que culmina na perda da criatividade do sujeito e; (c) aponta a cultura popular como um viés possível de resgatar o brinquedo e suas potencialidades perdidas na sua transformação massiva em capital.
The Poetry of Estrangement or Utopia Suviniana
Authors: Đergović-Joksimović Zorica
Published: April 2017

The aim of this article is to provide an overview of utopian poems (written and published in both English and Croatian/Serbo-Croatian) by the distinguished utopian scholar Darko Suvin, addressing burning issues of the present historical moment. Suvin's utopian poetry is of two types, pastoral/Morrisian ones based upon various Chinese and Japanese cultural models and “utopia in retrospect,” based on the historical ex-Yugoslavia model. However, both types advocate a classless society and investigate the necessity of revolution.
Gender and classifiers in concurrent systems: Refining the typology of nominal classification
Authors: Fedden Sebastian , Corbett Greville G.
Published: April 2017

Some languages have both gender and classifiers, contrary to what was once believed possible. We use these interesting languages as a unique window onto nominal classification. They provide the impetus for a new typology, based on the degree of orthogonality of the semantic systems and the degree of difference of the forms realizing them. This nine-way typology integrates traditional gender, traditional classifiers and – importantly – the many recently attested phenomena lying between. Besides progress specifically in understanding nominal classification, our approach provides clarity on the wider theoretical issue of single versus concurrent featural systems.
Comparison of perceived genetic-genomic knowledge of nurse educators and graduate degree nursing students
Authors: Sharoff Leighsa
Published: April 2017

Objective and rationale: Comparison of self-perceived genetic-genomic knowledge of nurse educators and graduate degree nursing students enrolled at a large diverse urban university in the US. Comfort level in performing genetic-genomic related tasks and its perceived relevance to nursing also explored. Practicing clinicians are expected to have Genetics and Genomics (G-G) knowledge to provide care to a client and their family with a genetic condition and faculty expected to be able to educate these practitioners.Methods: Two groups of participants asked to complete identical survey instrument, Genetics/Genomics Literacy Assessment (GGLA). Data was collected from September 2014-December 2015. Deans/Directors from university’s nursing programs (N = 17) sent introductory email with survey link and asked to forward to their faculty. APRN/DNP students at one of the university’s graduate programs sent email with survey link.Results: Fifty-three nurse educators and thirty-six graduate degree nursing students completed survey. Comparison of categorical data revealed nurse educators perceived G-G knowledge correlated to graduate degree students. Majority of participants demonstrated significantly lower correct percentages (< 55%) correct] to survey questions. Majority of participants (> 75%) attitude agree it is important for nurses to know this content and be able to teach this material. However, majority (> 75%) were not comfortable with teaching or explaining this material.Conclusions: Nurse educators need to be knowledgeable in order to educate their students who are expected to practice at advanced efficiency. A prepared nursing workforce is crucial for the translation of G-G integration into personalized precision healthcare.
Presença de e-books nos acervos de bibliotecas universitárias
Authors: Fenerick Gabriele Maris Pereira , Silva Marcia Regina , Damian Ieda Pelógia Martins
Published: April 2017

Introdução: A configuração atual da biblioteca tem se modificado. O principal ponto de mudança relaciona-se a desmaterialização dos seus acervos, ou seja, a constituição de acervos digitais. Embora a presença de obras digitais nesses ambientes informacionais seja cada vez mais comum, ainda há muitas questões a serem discutidas em relação à aquisição e acesso a esses recursos.Objetivo: Analisar a presença de e-books nos acervos de bibliotecas universitárias nacionais e internacionais com intuito de levantar aspectos relacionados à aquisição e acesso a essas obras.Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que compreende revisão de literatura, análise dos sites de bibliotecas universitárias nacionais e internacionais, aplicação de questionários, enviados por e-mail, a bibliotecários responsáveis pelas bibliotecas das instituições pesquisadas.Conclusões: Os resultados demonstram fragilidades na forma de gestão e divulgação do acervo digital, tal problemática, impacta diretamente no desenvolvimento de coleções digitais, no acesso e apropriação de informações. Com usuários cada vez mais autossuficientes, é importante que os mesmos sejam envolvidos no processo de tomada de decisões relacionadas à seleção de e-books, bem como tenham conhecimento das obras que compõem o acervo das bibliotecas.