bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the complications of passive drainage and active suction drainage after pancreatectomy: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xinyang Zhou , Taoying Lei , Xuli Lan , Jionghuang Chen , Framing Zhong
Published: April 2023

Objective

This study aimed to compare the effect of passive drainage and active suction drainage on complications after pancreatectomy.

Methods

The databases were searched and covered in this study on the comparison of passive and active suction drainage after pancreatectomy from the database establishment to Feb. 2023. A meta-analysis was conducted with the RevMan5.3 software.

Results

On the whole, 1,903 cases were included in eight studies, including 994 cases in the passive drainage group, 909 in the active suction drainage group, 1,224 in the pancreaticoduodenectomy group, as well as 679 in the distal pancreatectomy group. No statistically significant difference was identified between the two groups in the incidence of total complications, the rate of abdominal hemorrhage, the rate of abdominal effusion, the death rate and the length of stay after pancreatectomy (all P > 0.05), whereas the difference in the incidence of pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy between the two groups was of statistical significance (OR = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.12−10.07, P = 0.03). No significant difference was reported in pancreatic fistula between the two groups after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Conclusion

After distal pancreatectomy, active suction drainage might down-regulate the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula.
Development of Nested PCR and Duplex Real-Time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR Assay for the Simultaneous Detection of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi
Authors: Lv Kunying , Zhang Yiwei , Yang Yixin , Liu Zheng , Deng Liang
Published: April 2023

Graphical Abstract

Schematic description of nested PCR and duplex real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay for simultaneous detection of B. caballi and T. equi in horse blood specimens.
The study of structure and effects of two new proanthocyanidins from Anogeissus pendula leaves on rumen enzyme activities
Authors: Lata Suman , Koli Pushpendra , Singh Sultan , Bhadoria B. K. , Chand Umesh , Ren Yonglin
Published: April 2023

Two novel proanthocyanidins, (2R, 3R)-(+)-Gallocatechin-(4β → 8)4-(2R, 3R)-(+)-gallocatechin (compound 1) and 3-O-galloyl-(2S, 3S)-(–)-epicatechin-(4α → 8)-[3-O-galloyl-(2S, 3S)-(–)-epicatechin (4α → 8)]2-(2S, 3S)-(–)-epicatechin (compound 2), were structurally characterized from leaves of Anogeissus pendula. The structures were determined by ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), 13C NMR, and heteronuclear multiple bond correlation. Molinspiration and Osiris property explorer applications were used to predict bioactivity and drug score. Drug scores of 0.08 and 0.05 were predicted for compounds 1 and 2, respectively. Predicted bioactivity scores were high. Due to their molecular weight, chemical structure, and conformation, the newly discovered proanthocyanidins possess an inclination to interact with proteins. Based on this premise, both compounds were subjected to in vitro testing against ruminal enzymes. They exhibited significant inhibition activities (p < 0.01) with a range of half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 14.80–17.88 mg/mL of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in both protozoa and bacteria fractions. The ruminal glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity was significantly inhibited (p < 0.01) from EC50 12.59–16.29 mg/mL, and R-cellulase inhibition was recorded with EC50 18.20–21.98 mg/mL by compounds 1 and 2, respectively. Protease activity decreased with increasing incubation time and concentration of both compounds. The novel proanthocyanidins have potential roles in improving feed conversion ratios and in drug development.
Molecular characterization of dengue virus serotype 1 infections in French travelers from Africa between 2013 and 2019
Authors: Fourié Toscane , Durand Guillaume André , Touret Franck , Piorkowski Géraldine , Dubot-Pérès Audrey , de Lamballerie Xavier , Leparc-Goffart Isabelle , Grard Gilda
Published: April 2023

Laboratory-confirmed dengue virus (DENV) infections in Africa are rarely reported. In this study, we report 18 DENV serotype 1 (DENV-1) infections, diagnosed by the French National Reference Center for Arboviruses, in patients who had histories of recent travel in Africa. Our analyses revealed two cases, one from Niger in 2018 and one from the Republic of the Congo in 2016, where dengue fever had not been previously reported, and one case from Mauritania in 2015, where DENV-1 had not been previously reported. These cases support the reported spread of DENV outside its well-established tropical and subtropical environment toward the arid deserts of the Sahel. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that a single monophyletic DENV-1 lineage is currently in circulation in West Africa, having spread from East Africa after its original importation from Asia. Our study provides an improved understanding of DENV dynamics in Africa and underlines the importance of surveillance of travel-acquired infections.
Community-Based Knowledge Translation Strategies for Maternal, Neonatal, and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Quantitative and Qualitative Data
Authors: Montoya-Sanabria Sandra Milena , Hernández-Sandoval Yesika Tatiana , Cáceres-Maldonado Sergio Augusto , Díaz-Barrero Diana Catalina , Zapata-Matheus Angélica María , Mejia-Pérez Dauris Lineth , De La Torre-Arias Amaila , Caballero-Diaz Yuldor Eduardo , González-Uribe Catalina , Domínguez-Torres María Teresa , Nguyen Hong Lien , Yepes-Nuñez Juan José
Published: April 2023

Objective: To identify and assess the effect of community-based Knowledge Translation Strategies (KTS) on maternal, neonatal, and perinatal outcomes.

Methods: We conducted systematic searches in Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycInfo, LILACS, Wholis, Web of Science, ERIC, Jstor, and Epistemonikos. We assessed the certainty of the evidence of the studies using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.

Results: We identified seven quantitative and seven qualitative studies. Quantitative findings suggest that there is a possible effect on reducing maternal mortality (RR 0.65; 95% CI, 0.48–0.87; moderate evidence certainty); neonatal mortality (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.70–0.90; moderate evidence certainty); and perinatal mortality (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.77–0.91; moderate evidence certainty) in women exposed to KTS compared to those who received conventional interventions or no intervention at all. Analysis of qualitative studies identified elements that allowed to generate benefit effects in improving maternal, neonatal, and perinatal outcomes.

Conclusion: The KTS in maternal, neonatal, and perinatal outcomes might encourage the autonomy of communities despite that the certainty of evidence was moderate.
The MUC5B Promoter Polymorphism is Not Associated With Non-ILD Chronic Respiratory Diseases or Post-transplant Outcome
Authors: Goos Tinne , Verleden Stijn E. , De Sadeleer Laurens J. , Van Herck Anke , Sacreas Annelore , Vanstapel Arno , Kaes Janne , Geudens Vincent , Aelbrecht Celine , Ruttens David , Lambrechts Diether , Vermeer Sascha , Ceulemans Laurens J. , Van Raemdonck Dirk E. , Godinas Laurent , Yserbyt Jonas , Vanaudenaerde Bart M. , Verleden Geert M. , Vos Robin , Wuyts Wim A.
Published: April 2023

The MUC5B promoter polymorphism (rs35705950) has been associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and with prolonged pre-transplant survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but no information is available regarding its prevalence in other respiratory diseases and its influence on post-transplant outcome. We included the Leuven lung transplantation cohort between 1991 and 2015 (n = 801). We assessed the minor allele frequency (MAF) of the MUC5B variant in the entire study cohort and investigated the influence of recipient MUC5B promoter polymorphism on post-transplant outcome in patients who were transplanted after 2004. MUC5B was successfully genotyped in 746 patients. The MAF was significantly higher in ILD (17.6%) compared to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/emphysema (9.3%), cystic fibrosis (CF)/bronchiectasis (BRECT) (7.5%) and pulmonary hypertension (PHT) (7.4%) (p < 0.001). No association was observed between rs35705950 and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD)/graft loss in the ILD population [CLAD: HR 1.37 95% CI (0.70–2.68); graft loss: HR 1.02 95% CI (0.55–1.89)], nor the entire study cohort [CLAD: HR 0.96 95% CI (0.69–1.34); graft loss: HR 0.97 95% CI (0.70-1.35)]. The MUC5B promoter polymorphism is a very specific predictive factor for the presence of pulmonary fibrosis as it is only associated with pulmonary fibrosis and not with other chronic respiratory diseases. While the MUC5B promoter variant is associated with better pre-transplant survival among IPF patients, recipient MUC5B promoter variant does not play a role in post-transplant outcome.
Spectroscopic and Microscopic Analysis of Humic Acid Isolated from Stabilized Leachate HSs Fractionation
Authors: Ahmed Zaber , Yusoff Mohd Suffian , Mokhtar Kamal Nurul Hana , Abdul Aziz Hamidi , Roulia Maria
Published: April 2023

Refractory humic substances (HSs), which include humic and fulvic acid as well as hydrophilic portion, are the prime pollutants of stabilized landfill leachate with a concentrated color and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Spectroscopic and microscopic analysis of humic acid remaining in stabilized leachate as a pollutant contributor were conducted in this study. Microfiltration and centrifugation processes were applied to fractionate the humic acid from the HSs of stabilized leachate. The three-stage isolation process recovered a maximum of 1412 ± 2.5 mg/L (Pulau Burung leachate), 1510 ± 1.5 mg/L (Alor Pongsu leachate) at pH 1.5 and 1371 ± 2.5 mg/L (PBLS), and 1451 ± 1.5 mg/L (APLS) of humic acid (about 42% of the total COD concentration) at pH 2.5, which eventually indicates the efficiency of the process. The spectroscopic analysis of isolated humic acid through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) significantly indicates the existence of identical elements in the recovered humic acid. The subsequent reduction (around 37%, 36%, and 39%) in ultra-violet absorbance values (UV254, UV280), COD, and color in the humic acid isolated leachate indicates the acid’s significant contribution as a toxic pollutant through aromaticity and conjugated double-bond compounds.
Groundwater Depth and Nitrogen Application Amount Jointly Regulate the Water and Residual Soil Nitrate Accumulation in Agricultural Soil Profile
Authors: Bai Fangfang , Qi Xuebin , Li Ping , Du Zhenjie , Guo Wei
Published: April 2023

Despite the known influence of groundwater conditions and nitrogen application on crop growth and the soil microenvironment, less information is available on the influence of groundwater depth and nitrogen application amount on the movement and accumulation of soil water and residual nitrate in deep soil in summer maize–winter wheat rotation systems. Therefore, a large lysimeter experiment was conducted to examine how groundwater depth and nitrogen application amount influence the transport and accumulation of soil water and nitrate in the summer maize (Zea mays L.)–winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotation system. The results showed that nitrogen reduction increased soil water storage both in the summer maize and winter wheat fields. The residual soil nitrate accumulation in the entire soil profile of summer maize and winter wheat under deeper groundwater depth treatment was higher than that of shallow groundwater depth treatment. Hence, the deeper the groundwater depth, the longer the nitrate transport path, and the nitrate that would have entered the groundwater accumulates in deep soil. The residual soil nitrate accumulation in the whole soil profile of winter wheat was 76.05–130.11 kg ha−1 higher than that of summer maize. Structural equation models (SEMs) showed that the nitrogen application amount not only exhibited a directly positive effect on the residual soil nitrate accumulation but also indirectly influenced it by regulating total soil nitrogen; groundwater depth only exhibited a directly negative effect on residual soil nitrate accumulation; and soil depth had an indirect positive effect on residual soil nitrate accumulation through the regulation of soil water storage. Together, our findings prove that groundwater depth and nitrogen application amount jointly regulate the residual soil nitrate accumulation in agricultural soil rotated with winter wheat and summer maize. Therefore, in formulating a fertilization strategy for regional agricultural green development, it is necessary to consider the fertilizer application amount rate and the groundwater depth.
Laboratory Investigation of Five Inert Dusts of Local Origin as Insecticides against the Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata [Say])
Authors: Batistič Luka , Bohinc Tanja , Horvat Aleksander , Košir Iztok Jože , Trdan Stanislav
Published: April 2023

The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) is an economically important pest on potatoes, which can cause significant damage if not controlled. Our laboratory trial was conducted to study the efficacy of five types of inert dusts (diatomaceous earth, quartz sand, Norway spruce wood ash, zeolite, and tree of heaven leaf dust) against the CPB. Efficacy was tested using three modes of application (MoA): MoA 1, in which the used inert dusts were applied to both leaves and insects; MoA 2, where just the leaves were pre-dusted; and MoA 3, where only the pests were pre-dusted. All three modes were tested on larvae (L1/L2 and L3/L4) and adults of CPB. Among the inert dusts applied to the adults, the highest efficacy was recorded for the diatomaceous earth treatment (13.3 ± 3.3%) in the first MoA and the wood ash treatment (6.7 ± 3.3%) in the second MoA after 7 days of exposure. Defoliation results for adults were most promising in the A. altissima leaf dust treatment in the first and second MoA (45.3 ± 8.2%) after 7 days of exposure. For the old larvae, wood ash was the most promising in regards to efficacy (26.7 ± 7.3%) and defoliation (app. 70.0%) after 7 days of exposure in the third MoA. For the young larvae, the most promising results at the end of the 7-day exposure period for efficacy were obtained from the treatment of diatomaceous earth (65.7 ± 22.9%). Defoliation rates for young larvae were also high, but most promising in the treatment of A. altissima leaf dust (41.0 ± 4.2%) in the second MoA. The results showed that the inert dusts were not very effective in controlling the CPB, with the exception of wood ash and diatomaceous earth, which showed some limited control. A. altissima leaf dust generated a low defoliation rate, possibly due to an antifeedant effect on the beetles.
Out-of-Plane Stability of Circular Steel Tubular Vierendeel Truss Arches Incorporating Torsional Effects of Chords
Authors: Liu Qunfeng , Feng Yun , Wang Chang , Wu Xing , Ren Xiang
Published: April 2023

Torsional stiffnesses of chords contribute considerably to the sectional torsional stiffness of steel tubular Vierendeel truss arches and hence determine their out-of-plane buckling. To obtain a more accurate stability design for the Vierendeel truss arches, torsional effects of chords on their out-of-plane stability and failure mechanisms were investigated theoretically and numerically. This paper firstly derives the theoretical formulas of the sectional torsional stiffness and the out-of-plane elastic buckling loads for the pin-ended circular steel tubular Vierendeel truss arches. It is found that incorporating the torsional stiffness of chords can remarkably enhance the sectional torsional stiffness of the Vierendeel truss arches and their out-of-plane elastic buckling loads by ~41%. Then, the out-of-plane elastic buckling loads are calculated for the pin-ended arches by the equilibrium theorem and for the fix-ended arches by the numerical fitting. In both cases, the sectional torsional stiffness and elastic buckling loads are closely dependent on the transverse-to-chord member stiffness ratio (it/ic). Furthermore, the out-of-plane inelastic buckling behaviors are investigated numerically in the end-fixed Vierendeel truss arches with large it/ic, where the ultimate bearing load in full-span radially uniform manner can be significantly enhanced by ~43% by incorporating the torsional stiffness of chords. The calculated reduction factors confirm the design curve b from GB50017-2017 or Eurocode 3 and can provide a conservative design for the out-of-plane stability of the circular steel tubular Vierendeel truss arches.
Utilizing Different Machine Learning Techniques to Examine Speeding Violations
Authors: Alomari Ahmad H. , Al-Mistarehi Bara’ W. , Alnaasan Tasneem K. , Obeidat Motasem S.
Published: April 2023

This study investigated the potential impacts on speeding violations in the United States, including the top ten states in terms of crashes: California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Several variables connected to the driver, surroundings, vehicle, road, and weather were investigated. Three different machine learning algorithms—Random Forest (RF), Classification and Regression Tree (CART), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP)—were applied to predict speeding violations. Accuracy, F-measure, Kappa statistic, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Area Under Curve (AUC), and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) were used to evaluate the algorithms’ performance. Findings showed that age, accident year, road alignment, weather, accident time, and speed limits are the most significant variables. The algorithms used showed excellent ability in analyzing and predicting speeding violations. The RF was the best method for analyzing and predicting speeding violations. Understanding how these factors affect speeding violations helps decision-makers devise ways to cut down on these violations and make the roads safer.
Multi-Objective ABC-NM Algorithm for Multi-Dimensional Combinatorial Optimization Problem
Authors: Rajeswari Muniyan , Ramalingam Rajakumar , Basheer Shakila , Babu Keerthi Samhitha , Rashid Mamoon , Saranya Ramar
Published: April 2023

This article addresses the problem of converting a single-objective combinatorial problem into a multi-objective one using the Pareto front approach. Although existing algorithms can identify the optimal solution in a multi-objective space, they fail to satisfy constraints while achieving optimal performance. To address this issue, we propose a multi-objective artificial bee colony optimization algorithm with a classical multi-objective theme called fitness sharing. This approach helps the convergence of the Pareto solution set towards a single optimal solution that satisfies multiple objectives. This article introduces multi-objective optimization with an example of a non-dominated sequencing technique and fitness sharing approach. The experimentation is carried out in MATLAB 2018a. In addition, we applied the proposed algorithm to two different real-time datasets, namely the knapsack problem and the nurse scheduling problem (NSP). The outcome of the proposed MBABC-NM algorithm is evaluated using standard performance indicators such as average distance, number of reference solutions (NRS), overall count of attained solutions (TNS), and overall non-dominated generation volume (ONGV). The results show that it outperforms other algorithms.
AI in MRI: Computational Frameworks for a Faster, Optimized, and Automated Imaging Workflow
Authors: Shimron Efrat , Perlman Or
Published: April 2023

Over the last decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has made an enormous impact on a wide range of fields, including science, engineering, informatics, finance, and transportation [...]
Controversial Properties of Amyloidogenic Proteins and Peptides: New Data in the COVID Era
Authors: Surguchov Andrei , Emamzadeh Fatemeh N. , Titova Mariya , Surguchev Alexei A.
Published: April 2023

For a long time, studies of amyloidogenic proteins and peptides (amyloidogenic PPs) have been focused basically on their harmful properties and association with diseases. A vast amount of research has investigated the structure of pathogenic amyloids forming fibrous deposits within or around cells and the mechanisms of their detrimental actions. Much less has been known about the physiologic functions and beneficial properties of amyloidogenic PPs. At the same time, amyloidogenic PPs have various useful properties. For example, they may render neurons resistant to viral infection and propagation and stimulate autophagy. We discuss here some of amyloidogenic PPs’ detrimental and beneficial properties using as examples beta-amyloid (β-amyloid), implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and α-synuclein—one of the hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently amyloidogenic PPs’ antiviral and antimicrobial properties have attracted attention because of the COVID-19 pandemic and the growing threat of other viral and bacterial-induced diseases. Importantly, several COVID-19 viral proteins, e.g., spike, nucleocapsid, and envelope proteins, may become amyloidogenic after infection and combine their harmful action with the effect of endogenous APPs. A central area of current investigations is the study of the structural properties of amyloidogenic PPs, defining their beneficial and harmful properties, and identifying triggers that transform physiologically important amyloidogenic PPs into vicious substances. These directions are of paramount importance during the current SARS-CoV-2 global health crisis.
Transcriptional Profiling of a Patient-Matched Cohort of Glioblastoma (IDH-Wildtype) for Therapeutic Target and Repurposing Drug Identification
Authors: Roddy Aideen C. , McInerney Caitríona E. , Flannery Tom , Healy Estelle G. , Stewart James P. , Spence Veronica J. , Walsh Jamie , Salto-Tellez Manuel , McArt Darragh G. , Prise Kevin M.
Published: April 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive adult brain tumor. Despite multi-modal therapies, GBM recurs, and patients have poor survival (~14 months). Resistance to therapy may originate from a subpopulation of tumor cells identified as glioma-stem cells (GSC), and new treatments are urgently needed to target these. The biology underpinning GBM recurrence was investigated using whole transcriptome profiling of patient-matched initial and recurrent GBM (recGBM). Differential expression analysis identified 147 significant probes. In total, 24 genes were validated using expression data from four public cohorts and the literature. Functional analyses revealed that transcriptional changes to recGBM were dominated by angiogenesis and immune-related processes. The role of MHC class II proteins in antigen presentation and the differentiation, proliferation, and infiltration of immune cells was enriched. These results suggest recGBM would benefit from immunotherapies. The altered gene signature was further analyzed in a connectivity mapping analysis with QUADrATiC software to identify FDA-approved repurposing drugs. Top-ranking target compounds that may be effective against GSC and GBM recurrence were rosiglitazone, nizatidine, pantoprazole, and tolmetin. Our translational bioinformatics pipeline provides an approach to identify target compounds for repurposing that may add clinical benefit in addition to standard therapies against resistant cancers such as GBM.
Physiopathology of Osteoporosis: Nursing Involvement and Management
Authors: Valenzuela-Martínez Sandra , Ramírez-Expósito María Jesús , Carrera-González María Pilar , Martínez-Martos José Manuel
Published: April 2023

Osteoporosis is a major public health problem today. We are facing an aging society where the average life expectancy continues to increase. Osteoporosis affects more than 30% of postmenopausal women due to hormonal changes that occur during this time. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is therefore of particular concern. The aim of this review is to identify the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of this disease and lay the foundation for the role nurses should play in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis. Several risk factors are associated with osteoporosis. In addition to age and sex, genetics, ethnicity, diet, or the presence of other disorders determine the development of this disease. The key factors include exercise, a balanced diet, and high levels of vitamin D. This is primarily from a solar source, and infancy is the time when future bone formation is greatest. There are now medications that can complement these preventive measures. The work of nursing staff is not only prevention, but also early detection and early treatment. In addition, imparting information and knowledge about the disease to the population is key to preventing an osteoporosis epidemic. In this study, a detailed description is provided of the biological and physiological disease, the preventive measures currently being researched, the information currently available to the population, and how health professionals address osteoporosis from a preventive perspective.
Mechanisms of Antibiotic and Biocide Resistance That Contribute to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Persistence in the Hospital Environment
Authors: Verdial Cláudia , Serrano Isa , Tavares Luís , Gil Solange , Oliveira Manuela
Published: April 2023

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for multiple hospital- and community-acquired infections, both in human and veterinary medicine. P. aeruginosa persistence in clinical settings is worrisome and is a result of its remarkable flexibility and adaptability. This species exhibits several characteristics that allow it to thrive under different environmental conditions, including the ability to colonize inert materials such as medical equipment and hospital surfaces. P. aeruginosa presents several intrinsic mechanisms of defense that allow it to survive external aggressions, but it is also able to develop strategies and evolve into multiple phenotypes to persevere, which include antimicrobial-tolerant strains, persister cells, and biofilms. Currently, these emergent pathogenic strains are a worldwide problem and a major concern. Biocides are frequently used as a complementary/combination strategy to control the dissemination of P. aeruginosa-resistant strains; however, tolerance to commonly used biocides has also already been reported, representing an impediment to the effective elimination of this important pathogen from clinical settings. This review focuses on the characteristics of P. aeruginosa responsible for its persistence in hospital environments, including those associated with its antibiotic and biocide resistance ability.
Research Progress on Biomimetic Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Glucose Sensors
Authors: Chi Lili , Zhang Chunmei , Wu Xuanyu , Qian Xianghao , Sun Hao , He Mengru , Guo Chunxian
Published: April 2023

Diabetes has become a chronic disease that necessitates timely and accurate detection. Among various detection methods, electrochemical glucose sensors have attracted much attention because of low cost, real-time detection, and simple and easy operation. Nonenzymatic biomimetic nanomaterials are the vital part in electrochemical glucose sensors. This review article summarizes the methods to enhance the glucose sensing performance of noble metal, transition metal oxides, and carbon-based materials and introduces biomimetic nanomaterials used in noninvasive glucose detection in sweat, tear, urine, and saliva. Based on these, this review provides the foundation for noninvasive determination of trace glucose for diabetic patients in the future.
Perceived Discrimination as a Critical Factor Affecting Self-Esteem, Satisfaction with Physical Appearance and Depression of Racial/Ethnic Minority Adolescents in Korea
Authors: Kim Hyemee , Han Kwanghyun , Won Seojin
Published: April 2023

The effect of perceived discrimination on adolescents’ developmental outcome has long been a topic of research, however, little is known about how it affects their depression especially among the racial/ethnic minority adolescents in Asian countries. In Korea, a country with a relatively short history of immigrant influx, discrimination has become an important social issue affecting a rapidly growing population. This study examines the impact of perceived discrimination on racial/ethnic minority adolescents in Korea, specifically focusing on its impact on depression through self-esteem and satisfaction with physical appearance. The Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study data were used for analyses, and the SPSS Process Macro program was used to test the parallel mediating effects of self-esteem and satisfaction with physical appearance. The findings show that perceived discrimination was a strong predictor of their depression. Self-esteem and satisfaction with physical appearance also had significant mediating effect. There were no distinct gender differences among paths though the male adolescents were found to have more discriminatory experiences than the female adolescents. The findings call for the development of healthy coping strategies for these adolescents to prevent the effect of perceived discrimination, not only for their mental health, but also with their self-perception including physical appearance.
Practices Driving the Adoption of Agile Project Management Methodologies in the Design Stage of Building Construction Projects
Authors: Chathuranga Sanjaya , Jayasinghe Shan , Antucheviciene Jurgita , Wickramarachchi Ruwan , Udayanga Nilan , Weerakkody W. A. S.
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study is to identify practices that would enable building construction companies to adopt agile project management methodologies during the design stage of projects that use building information modelling (BIM) solutions in the designing process. Due to the benefits of agile project management methodologies, a considerable amount of research has been conducted regarding the adoption of this methodology for building construction projects. However, waterfall project management is still more widely used in the building construction industry than agile project management is. Several recent studies claim that firms could focus on adopting agile methodologies during the design stage of a building construction project because due to the advent of BIM software solutions, the design stage can be carried out in a manner such as a software development project. Since software development industry is experiencing a widespread adoption of agile methods, if the design stage of a building construction project can be carried out such as a software development project, then there is a possibility to drive agile adoption in the design stage. Based on this information, researchers found an architectural consultancy firm that has been using a BIM solution to adopt agile project management methodologies in the design stage. The authors carried out a systematic literature review and identified 10 possible practices that might drive the adoption of agile practices. Those practices were presented to the architectural consultancy firm to identify practices that they are using to successfully adopt agile methods. The findings suggest that maintaining a backlog, running sprints, engaging a cross-functional team, continuous integration, and iterative/incremental development of the design are practices that have enabled the firm to adopt agile methods. Practical and theoretical implications were derived from the findings, and suggestions for future research and limitations of the study are discussed in the discussion. Concluding remarks are provided in final section of the paper.
Design for Random Response of Structures Subject to Rhythmic Crowd Loading
Authors: Dong Jing-Kun , Ye Mao
Published: April 2023

Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive approach for designing structures subject to rhythmic crowd loading. By considering the randomness of the load model and structural response, the design method provides a more realistic evaluation of the structure’s performance. The establishment of links between the deterministic individual loading and the random crowd loading simplifies the calculation process and makes it more practical for real-world applications. The use of reduction factors based on experimentally determined standard deviations ensures that the design method provides a lower bound for the expected response of the structure. The consideration of the involvement of an infinite number of people in the reduction factors adds an additional level of conservatism to the design, further ensuring the safety of the structure. The examples provided illustrate the effectiveness of the design method in evaluating the maximum displacements and accelerations of a floor structure subjected to rhythmic crowd loading. Overall, the paper provides a valuable contribution to the field of structural engineering by providing a practical and realistic approach for designing structures subject to rhythmic crowd loading.
The Role of Digital Marketing in Tourism Businesses: An Empirical Investigation in Greece
Authors: Velentza Anastasia , Metaxas Theodore
Published: April 2023

For the tourism industry, the COVID-19 pandemic has acted as an accelerator towards the 4th industrial revolution by creating new and innovative solutions, which have transformed management, finance, planning and opened new avenues for the introduction of innovative sales and marketing technologies. As the tourism industry in Greece faces significant challenges and opportunities posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, additional needs have arisen for tourism businesses, as confirmed in this research, to adapt faster to digital operations and strengthen digital marketing through multi-channel distribution and use of digital assistants. This study aims to investigate the use of digital marketing tools by tourism companies as well as the overall satisfaction of the companies with its use and the areas of impact of digital marketing from the COVID-19 pandemic, and then to highlight all those features that stand out from those of their competitors, as well as the creation of an appropriate marketing strategy that will ensure the flow of new customers and increased revenue. To meet this purpose, an empirical survey was conducted in tourism companies in order to provide answers to research questions. As tourism businesses have not yet made sufficient use of digital media as a strategic marketing tool, this research is the basis for further research into the use of technology and digital tools to reach customers and create a more personalized experience for them.
Fyn Phosphorylates Transglutaminase 2 (Tgm2) and Modulates Autophagy and p53 Expression in the Development of Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Uehara Ryota , Yamada Eijiro , Okada Shuichi , Bastie Claire C. , Maeshima Akito , Ikeuchi Hidekazu , Horiguchi Kazuhiko , Yamada Masanobu
Published: April 2023

Autophagy is involved in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The Fyn tyrosine kinase (Fyn) suppresses autophagy in the muscle. However, its role in kidney autophagic processes is unclear. Here, we examined the role of Fyn kinase in autophagy in proximal renal tubules both in vivo and in vitro. Phospho-proteomic analysis revealed that transglutaminase 2 (Tgm2), a protein involved in the degradation of p53 in the autophagosome, is phosphorylated on tyrosine 369 (Y369) by Fyn. Interestingly, we found that Fyn-dependent phosphorylation of Tgm2 regulates autophagy in proximal renal tubules in vitro, and that p53 expression is decreased upon autophagy in Tgm2-knockdown proximal renal tubule cell models. Using streptozocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic mice, we confirmed that Fyn regulated autophagy and mediated p53 expression via Tgm2. Taken together, these data provide a molecular basis for the role of the Fyn–Tgm2–p53 axis in the development of DKD.
Non-Oxide Ceramics for Bone Implant Application: State-of-the-Art Overview with an Emphasis on the Acetabular Cup of Hip Joint Prosthesis
Authors: Paione Consiglio M. , Baino Francesco
Published: April 2023

A rapidly developing area of ceramic science and technology involves research on the interaction between implanted biomaterials and the human body. Over the past half century, the use of bioceramics has revolutionized the surgical treatment of various diseases that primarily affect bone, thus contributing to significantly improving the quality of life of rehabilitated patients. Calcium phosphates, bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics are mostly used in tissue engineering applications where bone regeneration is the major goal, while stronger but almost inert biocompatible ceramics such as alumina and alumina/zirconia composites are preferable in joint prostheses. Over the last few years, non-oxide ceramics—primarily silicon nitride, silicon carbide and diamond-like coatings—have been proposed as new options in orthopaedics in order to overcome some tribological and biomechanical limitations of existing commercial products, yielding very promising results. This review is specifically addressed to these relatively less popular, non-oxide biomaterials for bone applications, highlighting their potential advantages and critical aspects deserving further research in the future. Special focus is also given to the use of non-oxide ceramics in the manufacturing of the acetabular cup, which is the most critical component of hip joint prostheses.
Machine Learning Applications in Renewable Energy (MLARE) Research: A Publication Trend and Bibliometric Analysis Study (2012–2021)
Authors: Ajibade Samuel-Soma M. , Bekun Festus Victor , Adedoyin Festus Fatai , Gyamfi Bright Akwasi , Adediran Anthonia Oluwatosin
Published: April 2023

This study examines the research climate on machine learning applications in renewable energy (MLARE). Therefore, the publication trends (PT) and bibliometric analysis (BA) on MLARE research published and indexed in the Elsevier Scopus database between 2012 and 2021 were examined. The PT was adopted to deduce the major stakeholders, top-cited publications, and funding organizations on MLARE, whereas BA elucidated critical insights into the research landscape, scientific developments, and technological growth. The PT revealed 1218 published documents comprising 46.9% articles, 39.7% conference papers, and 6.0% reviews on the topic. Subject area analysis revealed MLARE research spans the areas of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics among others, which indicates it is a broad, multidisciplinary, and impactful research topic. The most prolific researcher, affiliations, country, and funder are Ravinesh C. Deo, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, United States, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, respectively. The most prominent journals on the top are Applied Energy and Energies, which indicates that journal reputation and open access are critical considerations for the author’s choice of publication outlet. The high productivity of the major stakeholders in MLARE is due to collaborations and research funding support. The keyword co-occurrence analysis identified four (4) clusters or thematic areas on MLARE, which broadly describe the systems, technologies, tools/technologies, and socio-technical dynamics of MLARE research. Overall, the study showed that ML is critical to the prediction, operation, and optimization of renewable energy technologies (RET) along with the design and development of RE-related materials.
Advanced Boron Carbide Matrix Nanocomposites Obtained from Liquid-Charge: Focused Review
Authors: Chkhartishvili Levan , Mikeladze Archil , Tsagareishvili Otar , Kvatchadze Vakhtang , Tavkhelidze Valery , Mestvirishvili Zviad , Driaev Dimitri , Barbakadze Natia , Nadaraia Lili , Sarajishvili Ketevan , Jinikashvili Irma , Buzariashvili Manana , Chedia Roin
Published: April 2023

Boron carbide is known as a hard material; it possesses a unique complex of physical-mechanical properties and has diverse applications in industries. An expansion of its field of uses stems from the creation of boron carbide matrix nanocomposite materials. In view of this perspective, an effective liquid-charge synthesizing method for their components in nanopowder form has been proposed. This paper provides a focused review on advanced boron carbide matrix ceramic and metal-ceramic nanocomposites recently obtained by the authors using this method. Particular attention is paid to the characterization of boron carbide nanocomposites, including some ceramic borides, metallic alloys and also other metal-ceramic composites.
Prior Knowledge of Diagnostic Results Does Not Bias A Subject’s Interpretation of At-Home COVID-19 Antigen Tests
Authors: Lai Eric
Published: April 2023

In developing in vitro diagnostic (IVD) tests, in particular at-home/over-the-counter (OTC) tests, one of the generally accepted exclusion criteria in IVD clinical trial protocols has been that of subjects with prior knowledge of their positive status, due to potential bias. With COVID-19 antigen tests now widely available, it is common for individuals to test themselves at home with an antigen test if they have symptoms associated with COVID-19, flu, or the common cold. These subjects would be excluded from participation in COVID-19-related clinical trials (i.e., COVID-19 alone or any multiplex tests that include COVID-19). This study compiled the results of four clinical trials to assesses whether potential bias (positive or negative) exists in at-home antigen COVID-19 testing if someone has a prior diagnostic COVID-19 result. The results clearly demonstrated that knowledge of prior COVID-19 diagnostic results did not affect the accuracy of the test result interpretations nor the clinical performance of the at-home antigen test products. This is an important finding that supports the inclusion of these subjects in future COVID-19 diagnostic clinical trials and the FDA’s recommendation of serial antigen testing to improve antigen test performance.
Deep Learning Empowers Endoscopic Detection and Polyps Classification: A Multiple-Hospital Study
Authors: Shen Ming-Hung , Huang Chi-Cheng , Chen Yu-Tsung , Tsai Yi-Jian , Liou Fou-Ming , Chang Shih-Chang , Phan Nam Nhut
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed to develop an AI-based system for the detection and classification of polyps using colonoscopy images. A total of about 256,220 colonoscopy images from 5000 colorectal cancer patients were collected and processed. We used the CNN model for polyp detection and the EfficientNet-b0 model for polyp classification. Data were partitioned into training, validation and testing sets, with a 70%, 15% and 15% ratio, respectively. After the model was trained/validated/tested, to evaluate its performance rigorously, we conducted a further external validation using both prospective (n = 150) and retrospective (n = 385) approaches for data collection from 3 hospitals. The deep learning model performance with the testing set reached a state-of-the-art sensitivity and specificity of 0.9709 (95% CI: 0.9646–0.9757) and 0.9701 (95% CI: 0.9663–0.9749), respectively, for polyp detection. The polyp classification model attained an AUC of 0.9989 (95% CI: 0.9954–1.00). The external validation from 3 hospital results achieved 0.9516 (95% CI: 0.9295–0.9670) with the lesion-based sensitivity and a frame-based specificity of 0.9720 (95% CI: 0.9713–0.9726) for polyp detection. The model achieved an AUC of 0.9521 (95% CI: 0.9308–0.9734) for polyp classification. The high-performance, deep-learning-based system could be used in clinical practice to facilitate rapid, efficient and reliable decisions by physicians and endoscopists.
A CT-Based Radiomics Model for Prediction of Prognosis in Patients with Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Duan Lizhen , Zhang Longjiang , Lu Guangming , Guo Lili , Duan Shaofeng , Zhou Changsheng
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to develop a computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics model to predict the outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia. In total of 44 patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The radiomics model and subtracted radiomics model were developed to assess the prognosis of COVID-19 and compare differences between the aggravate and relief groups. Each radiomic signature consisted of 10 selected features and showed good performance in differentiating between the aggravate and relief groups. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the first model were 98.1%, 97.3%, and 97.6%, respectively (AUC = 0.99). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the second model were 100%, 97.3%, and 98.4%, respectively (AUC = 1.00). There was no significant difference between the models. The radiomics models revealed good performance for predicting the outcome of COVID-19 in the early stage. The CT-based radiomic signature can provide valuable information to identify potential severe COVID-19 patients and aid clinical decisions.
Nevus Sebaceous of Jadassohn in Adults—Can Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Detect Malignant Transformation?
Authors: Voiculescu Vlad Mihai , Celarel Ana Maria , Cozma Elena Codruta , Banciu Madalina Laura , Lupu Mihai
Published: April 2023

Nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn (NSJ) is a rare congenital lesion that affects the adnexal structures of the skin. It is typically located on the scalp and face of females and presents as a well-defined, slightly elevated, yellow lesion. It is also linked to a high risk of secondary tumors, which are more frequently benign than malignant. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique that provides a horizontal image of the skin with a resolution similar to histology. We report a case of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) developed in an NSJ with its dermoscopic, confocal, and histopathological features. A 49-year-old female presented with a well-circumscribed, 1 cm-diameter verrucous, yellowish lesion surrounded by a poorly defined, slightly erythematous, translucent plaque, located on the scalp in the temporoparietal region, which had been present since birth, grew at puberty, and changed its appearance in the last three years. Dermoscopy of the central lesion revealed yellow globules grouped into clusters, with peripheral linear and arborescent thin vessels, surrounded by several translucent nodular lesions with fine, arborizing vessels. RCM examination showed large, monomorphic cells with a hyperreflective periphery and a hyperreflective center located on the central lesion, corresponding to sebocytes, surrounded by multiple dark silhouettes lined with hyperreflective bands of thickened collagen, corresponding to tumor islands. The histopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of BCC developed on an NJS. RCM can be a useful technique for the non-invasive examination and monitoring of these lesions, taking into account their transformation risk and preventing unnecessary excisions that might have a detrimental aesthetic impact on patients.