bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molluscicide toxicosis in dogs
Authors: Bates Nicola
Published: May 2022

Slug and snails are important garden pests and intermediate hosts of lungworm, and various products are available for their control. Metaldehyde has long been used in molluscicide products and poisoning in dogs is common, having rapid-onset and prolonged seizure activity. However, these products are to be banned for outdoor use in the UK in spring 2022. This should eventually reduce the incidence of metaldehyde poisoning in pets. Methiocarb, a carbamate pesticide, was also used in slug baits but was banned in 2015. Cases still occasionally occur, characterised by rapid-onset gastrointestinal, respiratory and neurological signs. Ferric phosphate is now commonly found in slug and snail control products. Ingestion generally causes gastrointestinal signs only, because the iron in ferric phosphate has low oral bioavailability. Pets may also be exposed to slug deterrent products, which often contain diatomaceous earth or wool pellets. These generally have low toxicity for dogs. However, diatomaceous earth can cause skin irritation or severe respiratory signs if inhaled, and wool pellets may cause gastrointestinal signs. Management of dogs with mollusicide toxicosis is supportive, based on clinical signs.
Managing allergic rhinitis in children and young people
Authors: Marsh Viv
Published: May 2022

Allergic rhinitis affects many children and young people in the UK causing significant symptoms and a reduction in quality of life. Viv Marsh looks at the role the practice nurse can play in the effective management of this condition

Allergic rhinitis is a common disease in children and young people that places considerable burden on the lives of children and their families. Allergic rhinitis is strongly linked with asthma in children and young people. Practice nurses are ideally placed to help children to gain control of and manage their symptoms. Effective management combines both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches.
Feasibility of adopting Minimum Education Standards for general practice nursing
Authors: de Silva Debra , Crossman Sue , Rogers Gill
Published: May 2022

Education for general practice nurses varies by provider. Sue Crossman et al look at the feasibility of using minimum standards to determine whether courses are fit for purpose

Courses that prepare nurses to work in general practice vary widely in quality, content and appropriateness. In 2021, nurses, employers, education providers and commissioners in London tested whether it would be feasible to use co-developed ‘minimum standards’ to check whether education for general practice nurses is fit for purpose. We interviewed and surveyed 30 stakeholders who took part in facilitated discussions to compare five courses against the standards. The simple standards helped nurses, employers and commissioners make decisions about which courses to select and encouraged providers to tailor their programmes to better meet the needs of general practice. The standards can be applied during annual course reviews to consider whether courses cover all the key competencies general practice nurses need to provide the best patient care and take their place at the heart of primary care.
Changing mindsets to see the benefits of hosting students
Authors: Vintis Joanna
Published: May 2022

Joanna Vintis highlights how her practice has implemented hosting multiple students at the same time and the benefits this brings
The Emergence and Development of Hygienic Masks in Colonial Korea
Authors: HYUN Jaehwan
Published: May 2022

This paper examines the social life of masks in colonial Korea with a focus on their use in hygienic practices. It argues that masks first appeared in the disease control scene in late 1919 when the Governor-General of Korea belatedly introduced preventative measures against the Spanish Influenza pandemic. Since then, the central and regional hygiene authorities had begun to encourage colonial Koreans to wear masks whenever respiratory disease epidemics transpired. Simultaneously, Korean doctors and news reporters framed mask-wearing as something needed for family hygiene, particularly for trans-seasonal child health care, and advised colonial Korean women to manage and wear masks. This paper also reveals that the primary type of masks used in colonial society was black-colored Japanese respirators. Its design was the main point of contention in the debates on the effectiveness of masks against disease infection. Finally, it also highlights that the wide support of using masks by medical doctors and authorities was not based on scientific evidence but on empirical rules they developed through the pandemic and epidemics. The mask-usage practice would be challenged only when South Korean doctors reframed it as a “Japanese custom not grounded on science” at the height of postcolonial nationalism and the raised concern about the artifact’s usefulness during the Hong Kong Influenza pandemic of 1968.
Health Security Ideas of Major Political Groups and the US Military Government during the Liberation Period (1945-1948) in Korea
Authors: JEON Ye-mok , SHIN Young-jeon
Published: May 2022

The liberation period in Korea was when creative imagination and various debates existed about plans for political, economic, and social systems. Among them was the debate over the national health security underlying the social safety net. Although the US influenced the Korean health security after liberation, major political groups on the Korean peninsula also expressed various opinions. However, previous studies have shown little interest in national health security, which operates the public health and medical care systems. To overcome these limitations, this study focuses on the ideas on national health security presented by major political groups, analyzing the reply proposal of “Jŏnpyŏng” and the health care proposal of the US military government, which has not been reviewed before. The opinions of major political groups including the right-wing Im-hyŏp and left-wing Min-chŏn diverged on national health security issue regarding insurance coverage, measures to secure financial resources, items of insurance benefits, and measures to stabilize the supply and demand of medical personnel. The claims of the US military government can be understood by “Labor Problems and Policies in Korea (Korean Subcommittee),” “Korean Labor Report (Stewart Meacham),” and “Proposed Political Platform Provisional Korean Democratic Government (Sub-commission #2).” The major political groups and the US military government agreed on the need for social protection against death, old age, disability, disease, injury, and unemployment. All of them claimed national health security, in which the roles of the private sector and the government were mixed, should be gradually introduced. The major political groups, in particular, proposed to (1) set workers as beneficiaries of insurance, (2) share financial resources jointly among the state, employers, and workers, and (3) promote the expansion of the number of doctors and medical institutions and prefer cooperative operations of the hospitals established in small administrative units. This paper argues that the ideas on national health security during the liberation period did not completely deviate from the global trend immediately after World War II when countries tried to expand the number of people covered by national health security and strengthen its coverage. Although these ideas were not fully reflected in the Constitution of 1948, it is significant in that the Constitution codified for the first time the state’s responsibility for those who have no ability for living due to their health conditions.
Beyond the medical encounter: can the free association narrative interview method extend psychosocial understandings of non-epileptic attack disorder?
Authors: Peacock Marian , Dickson Jon M. , Bissell Paul , Grunewald Richard , Reuber Markus
Published: May 2022

This exploratory interdisciplinary study was devised to explore how using the free association narrative interview (FANI) method might extend understanding of non-epileptic attack disorder (NEAD) within a psychosocial framework. NEAD is the medical definition of what can be described as embodied events that resemble epilepsy, but which are not associated with the abnormal electrical discharges in the brain found in epilepsy. They are the most frequent ‘functional’ disorder or medically unexplained symptom (MUS) seen by neurologists.

While NEAD is associated with trauma, distress and negative life events, a significant minority of patients report no trauma history. The FANI method, we argue, produced narratives which shed light on events that patients have not acknowledged as traumatic, but which might be considered as such, and we explore what aspects of the method may facilitate this process. Previous work has highlighted that a diagnosis of NEAD is often experienced as deeply troubling and contentious to both give and to receive. We thus reflect on the need for patients to feel a sense of legitimacy and how the challenges of living with a NEAD diagnosis are negotiated.

Drawing on the work of Benjamin (2004) on ‘thirdness’, we suggest that the FANI method can allow the research interview to become a space that facilitates novel ways of engaging around NEAD. We conclude that the method may be a powerful tool for studying NEAD, and that further studies should be undertaken using this approach since it may have broader utility in understanding the landscape of functional neurological disorders.
Data quality and response distributions in a mixed-mode survey
Authors: Ofstedal Mary Beth , Kézdi Gábor , Couper Mick P.
Published: May 2022

Longitudinal surveys traditionally conducted by interviewers are facing increasing pressures to explore alternatives such as sequential mixed-mode designs, which start with a cheaper self-administered mode (online) then follow up using more expensive methods such as telephone or face-to-face interviewing. Using a designed experiment conducted as part of the 2018 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in the US, we compare a sequential mixed-mode design (web then telephone) with the standard telephone-only protocol. Using an intent-to-treat analysis, we focus on response quality and response distributions for several domains key to HRS: physical and psychological health, financial status, expectations and family composition.

Respondents assigned to the sequential mixed-mode (web) had slightly higher missing data rates and more focal responses than those assigned to telephone-only. However, we find no evidence of differential quality in verifying and updating roster information. We find slightly lower rates of asset ownership reported by those assigned to the web mode. Conditional on ownership, we find no detectable mode effects on the value of assets. We find more negative (pessimistic) expectations for those assigned to the web mode. We find little evidence of poorer health reported by those assigned to the web mode.

We find that effects of mode assignment on measurement are present, but for most indicators the effects are small. Finding ways to remediate the differences in item-missing data and focal values should help reduce mode effects in mixed-mode surveys or those transitioning from interviewer- to self-administration.
Ultralow Doppler frequency extraction for the self-mixing dual-frequency laser velocimetry
Authors: Chen Junbao , Wang Xinmeng , Wu Yubao , Yang Yitao , Qiu Mingyue , Wang Ming , Li Yuzhi
Published: May 2022

In self-mixing dual-frequency laser Doppler velocimetry, the
self-mixing Doppler frequency shift of the optical frequency
difference is a linear function of the velocity of an external dynamic
object; however, it is always ultralow for signal processing.
Therefore, an ultralow frequency extraction method based on artificial
neural networks (NNs) is presented because NNs can accurately create a
fitting function for a Doppler signal and extend the signal to the DC
value, increasing the signal length and sampling points without
yielding unnecessary influences on the Doppler frequency. We precisely
measured Doppler frequencies in the frequency domain with a low
sampling rate and calculated the velocities for a target with
longitudinal movements. Compared to time-domain extraction,
frequency-domain extraction can reflect the complete information of
the original Doppler signal. This feature potentially contributes to
the signal processing of velocimetry in practical engineering
applications.
Polarimetric characterization of segmented mirrors
Authors: Pastor Yabar A. , Asensio Ramos A. , Manso Sainz R. , Collados M.
Published: May 2022

We study the impact of the loss of axial symmetry around the optical axis on the polarimetric properties of a telescope with a segmented primary mirror when each segment is present in a different aging stage. The different oxidation stage of each segment as it is substituted in time leads to nonnegligible cross-talk terms. This effect is wavelength dependent, and it is mainly determined by the properties of the reflecting material. For an aluminum coating, the worst polarimetric behavior due to oxidation is found for the blue part of the visible. Contrarily, dust—as modeled in this work—does not significantly change the polarimetric behavior of the optical system. Depending on the telescope, there might be segment substitution sequences that strongly attenuate this instrumental polarization.
Quantitative comparison of spinning disk geometries for PAINT based super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Sirinakis George , Allgeyer Edward S. , Cheng Jinmei , St Johnston Daniel
Published: May 2022

PAINT methods that use DNA- or protein- based exchangeable probes have become popular for super-resolution imaging and have been combined with spinning disk confocal microscopy for imaging thicker samples. However, the widely available spinning disks used for routine biological imaging are not optimized for PAINT-based applications and may compromise resolution and imaging speed. Here, we use Drosophila egg chambers in the presence of the actin-binding peptide Lifeact to study the performance of four different spinning disk geometries. We find that disk geometries with higher light collection efficiency perform better for PAINT-based super-resolution imaging due to increased photon numbers and, subsequently, detection of more blinking events.
Deporte y deportistas en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Hinojosa Arago Daniela
Published: May 2022

La contingencia global producida por la COVID-19 ha trastocado los diferentes espacios, sectores y actividades económicas, políticas y sociales; el deporte no es la excepción. Desde la suspensión de las competencias y eventos masivos; la transmisión de «nuevos» contenidos mediáticos; el aplazamiento de los juegos olímpicos; hasta la readaptación de espacios y rutinas de entrenamiento por parte de los y las deportistas, han sido algunos de los cambios que se han suscitado de forma emergente.
A pesar de que estamos ante un fenómeno mundial, es importante considerar que las afectaciones para hombres y para mujeres no han sido las mismas. En el caso mexicano, los efectos de la pandemia en deportistas mujeres se reflejaron en la incertidumbre sobre el mantenimiento de sus salarios; la falta de recursos para su entrenamiento y en la restricción de espacios e instalaciones deportivas. Aunado a todo ello, en el escenario doméstico, estas han concatenado las actividades deportivas con tareas del hogar y el cuidado de los otros. Tal situación nos invita a reflexionar sobre las desigualdades estructurales en los deportes en términos de género, así como la configuración social del espacio (público y privado) y la división sexual del mismo.
Partiendo de este contexto nos preguntamos ¿cuáles fueron los cambios a los que las deportistas se enfrentaron a partir del aislamiento y la restricción del uso de canchas, gimnasios, piscinas, salones y campos de entrenamiento?, ¿cómo la pandemia modificó las formas de vida y la formación deportiva de las mujeres?, ¿cómo las mujeres deportistas hacen del espacio doméstico un espacio de resistencia?, ¿cómo el confinamiento pudo afactar de forma diferenciada a deportistas mujeres que a hombres? Para dar respuesta a estos cuestionamientos, el texto pretende analizar los efectos del confinamiento y de la «nueva normalidad» en la práctica del deporte desde la perspectiva de género, para identificar las relaciones de poder, subjetivación y desigualdad evidenciadas por la pandemia. Como aporte empírico se rescatan los testimonios de deportistas de disciplinas como fútbol y tiro deportivo, así como de representantes de los medios masivos de comunicación y especialistas en deporte.
militarización del sistema deportivo de alto rendimiento
Authors: Plaza Diana
Published: May 2022

El presente texto parte de la constatación en la última cita olímpica de Tokio2020 del éxito de los sistemas de alto rendimiento vinculados o encuadrados dentro de las Fuerzas Armadas y los Cuerpos Policiales de los Estados. Si bien históricamente se conoce la vinculación de la práctica deportiva con los ejercicios para la guerra, así como la implementación de sistemas deportivos al interior de mencionadas instituciones más allá de la necesaria condición física de sus miembros. En la modernidad y muy especialmente con el avance de la competitividad internacional en el seno de los Juegos Olímpicos, vemos cómo esa histórica relación se afianza, caso claro del Atleta de Estado de la URSS y de Italia, para ser en la actualidad una clara tendencia en los países que experimentan dificultades para hacer sostenible la práctica deportiva de alto rendimiento, considerada como un factor esencial del desarrollo deportivo nacional, así como clave en su labor de representación internacional. En este sentido, este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar la tendencia hacia la militarización de los sistemas deportivos en el ámbito Iberoamericano, para lo que partirá con una aproximación histórica al concepto de Atleta de Estado y la relación del deporte de alto rendimiento con las estructuras militares. Seguidamente se centrará en trabajar el proceso de militarización de los sistemas deportivos a través de la visión jurídica de las relaciones de especial sujeción, para finalizar analizando la tendencia y sus variantes a través del análisis de los programas deportivos de una parte de los países de Iberoamérica como España, Brasil, México, República Dominicana y Colombia.
Europeanization of the Rule of Law in Western Balkans
Authors: Pustina Lorik
Published: May 2022

This research examines the Europeanization process of the rule of law
sector in Kosovo. As a unique example with limited statehood, not recognized
by 5 EU member states, the study focuses on the transformative powers of
European Union through its conditionality mechanism, with heavy presence on
the role of EU Rule of Law Mission – EULEX in the country, its ambiguous
executive mandate and the reasons of failure on reforming the rule of law
sector in Kosovo. As basis for the research the Europeanization definition
by Radaelli and the External Incentives Model by Schimmelfennig and
Sedelmeier were used, in order to scrutinize the approach and argue on the
contrary effects that this model has produced in Kosovo, both in results on
the ground but also the increased skepticism towards the EU. This study is
focused in analysing the institutional and normative framework in the rule
of law sector, sponsored but also heavily influenced by the EU through EULEX
vis-à-vis the results that are produced. It also looks at the political
effects of the EU conditionality closely linked to the Pristina-Belgrade
dialogue process in conjunction with the “carrot” and “stick” policy of the
EU. The research concludes that the model of Europeanization and the
uniformed transformative powers cannot be applied in a complex political
context such as Kosovo, which leads to the recommendation that the EU needs
to change its systemic approach in its relationship with Kosovo and other
countries alike. The recommendation of rethinking the current approach used
by theoreticians as well as the EU, should in the future fill in the gap for
more precise studies on the topic, but also provide a venue for a better
institutional approach that would contribute to better results.
A beruházó és az állam közötti vitarendezési (ISDS) eljárás és annak
aktuális kritikái
Authors: Hajdu Gábor
Published: May 2022

The doctoral dissertation concerns itself with the so-called
Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) system, examining two research
questions: how well-founded are the criticisms levelled against the ISDS
system, and what alternatives can be found instead of ISDS. Over the course
of the dissertation, the author examines the historical background of ISDS,
before moving onto its characteristics both from a general and a specific
viewpoint. Afterwards, the author categorizes and identifies the various
criticisms facing ISDS, paying special attention to the so-called regulatory
chill. The author examines and critically evaluates seventeen ISDS cases.
Finally, the dissertation concludes with a statistical analysis of ISDS and
an in-depth overview of the most feasible alternative to ISDS, the
Investment Court System. In its conclusions, the author uses the accumulated
theoretical and practical information to answer the two research questions.
Analysis of Genetic and Environmental Factors in the prevalence of OCD
Authors: Asif Shaikh Afsah , Imran Maryam , Ashraf Aqsa , Jahangir Laiba
Published: May 2022

Objective:

To investigate the causative effect of age, stress, genetics, affected quality of life and other psychological disorders in the onset or prevalence of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and to conduct an in-depth analysis of the relationship between the condition and the variables causing it.

Method:

An online survey was conducted by a questionnaire comprising of 20 questions, both males and females were asked to fill in the survey and our target age group ranged between 10-40 years of age. Statistical and graphical data was obtained. SPSS 21 was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

Altogether 152 people responded to the survey, out of which 22.7% claimed that they suffer from Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Similarly, out of all the respondents who claimed to be positive for OCD, 85% were females. The variables undertaken for study were the role of age, stress, genetics, affected quality of life and psychological disorders on OCD. Comorbidity of high level of OCD symptoms and high level of stress, genetic/family history and prevalence of other psychological disorders was seen 82.6%, 15.5% and 25.8% respectively.

Conclusion:

Significant prevalence and comorbidity exist between OCD symptoms and various genetic and environmental causative factors, and more studies addressing various population are needed.
BILATERAL RELATIONS AND THE CHALLENGES OF MULTINATIONAL JOINT TASK FORCE IN WEST AFRICA
Authors: Sowale Adetayo , Orogun Olanike
Published: May 2022

The study examines issues and challenges of security community with a particular focus on the Multinational Joint Task Forces (MJTF) in combating Boko Haram insurgency in West Africa. The choice to examine these armed forces against Boko Haram is significant for a number of reasons. One, the threat of Boko Haram insurgency in West Africa emanates from the inherited irregular and poorly delineated colonial borders. Two, armed forces are deployed to safeguard the territorial integrity and national borders of the affected countries against external aggression. Third, issues of Boko Haram insurgency prominently features in the bilateral relations of Nigeria and its neighbouring states. Fourth, the government of Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, and Chad established MNJTF as a form of collective security architecture against Boko Haram insurgency. Despite the establishment of MJTF, Boko Haram continues to wreck devastations in the Northeast Nigeria and other neighbouring states. Utilising secondary sources of data, the study concludes defective bilateral relations of Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBCs) countries adversely affect the functionality of MNJTF. It is therefore recommended that Lake Chad Basin Countries (LCBCs) need to correct problematic bilateral relations in order to successfully combat Boko haram menace in the West Africasub-region.
How do Japanese Banks Differ Based on Liquidity Creation?
Authors: Do Rosario Arafate , Maeda Yuji
Published: May 2022

This paper compares Japanese banks in terms of liquidity creation (LC). For this intent, three groups of banks were created using K-means clustering on a panel data of 1,254 observation-years, spanning from 2002 to 2020. The results showed that although large banks hold more than half of total banks' assets, in 2009 they were overtaken by medium banks in terms of LC. The random-effect regression model shows that bank size and the proportion of lending activity are the only variables that affect simultaneously (and positively) all groups of banks. Furthermore, medium and small banks are more efficient at creating liquidity with the assets at hand and respond positively to expansionary monetary policy. Therefore, the paper argues that medium banks should be incentivized to increase the size of their assets as by doing so more liquidity would be flowing to the market thus spurring the economic growth.
Caribe Brasil: una relación en debate
Authors: Cabrera Olga
Published: May 2022

La falta de vínculos entre los estudios de Brasil y el Caribe está enmarcada en la permanencia de los paradigmas nacionales y las relaciones entre los estados. Algunos conceptos comprensivos han sido utilizados para relacionar estos complejos espacios empíricos. Algunos enfatizan los procesos culturales, middle pasaje o cross cultural y la poética de la relación; otros proyectan relacionar el espacio, superando la visión geopolítica reducida al Mar Caribe, colocando el énfasis en el protagonismo de los afro-descendientes. En esa dirección podemos localizar las propuestas de Atlántico Negro y Conexiones AfroAtlánticas las cuales consideran la inclusión del Brasil.
La caribeñidad como proyecto: identidad e integración en el siglo veintiuno
Authors: Pantojas García Emilio
Published: May 2022

¿Es posible hablar de una identidad nacional-regional caribeña? Partiendo de este interrogante, Emilio Pantojas analiza las posibilidades de integración del caribe en el siglo XXI. A lo largo del artículo, el autor explica por qué a pesar de la existencia de un "ethos caribeño" que tiene su expresión en la cultura, la estética y la narrativa, ésta "caribeñidad" no se traduce a los aspectos políticos y económicos como la conformación de una federación de Estados del Caribe o en un comunidad de naciones como la europea, debido a que los intereses políticos y económicos de las naciones –insulares cada vez son más distantes los unos de los otros.
La geopolítica del antillanismo en el Caribe del siglo XIX
Authors: Gaztambide Géigel Antonio
Published: May 2022

En el texto, el autor explora las ideas de Ramón Emeterio Betances, Eugenio Hostos y José Martí sobre la configuración ideológica, geohistorica, política e identitaria de un proyecto de unidad antillanista y latinoamericanista que abogaba por la integración, solidaridad y novedad de estos pueblos. Antonio Gaztambide explica en su escrito como Betances, Hostos y Martí intentaron construir una confederación de repúblicas antillanas, no solo como muro de contención a las pretensiones imperialistas de Europa y Estados Unidos, también afirma que este proyecto confederativo y republicano fue gestado para proteger las independencias de los pueblos antillanos y facilitar la de Cuba y Puerto Rico.
La Independencia y la redefinición del concepto de Indianidad alrededor de Santa Marta, Colombia, 1750 – 1850.
Authors: Saether Steinar A.
Published: May 2022

Este artículo explora el cambiante significado de la indianidad durante la era de la independencia. Enfocando el análisis en seis aldeas alrededor de la ciudad de Santa Marta el autor discute porque sus habitantes eran calificados como indígenas en el periodo colonial Tardío, porque apoyaron la causa realista durante la independencia y como se ceso de llamarlos indígenas en tan solo unas pocas décadas después del establecimiento del gobierno republicano. Aun cuando algunos estudios desde la perspectiva de la subalternidad han enfatizado la resistencia indígena contra los estados liberales latinoamericanos nacidos a principios del siglo XIX, en este ensayo se arguye como algunas comunidades indígenas optaron por su inclusión en la república como ciudadanos no-indígenas.
Cuerpos Enclaustrados: Construcción del cuerpo femenino en el Caribe colombiano 1610-1660
Authors: Buitrago Leal Roxana
Published: May 2022

Es un paper que trata el tema de la construcción del cuerpo de la mujer del caribe colombiano, tomando en cuenta la variable del género a través de la religión. Esta temática la enmarcó en el periodo de la Inquisición en Cartagena de Indias. Básicamente, encuentro que la relación de la mujer con su cuerpo (visible en expresiones físicas) es violenta. Esto, dada la forma en que los modelos de cuerpos femeninos europeos, los de las monjas (ya que fueron ellas las encargadas de la educación y formación) fueron impuestos a realidades raciales completamente diferentes. Más aún, que es allí en esa riña confusa, causada por los arrogantes modelos católicos (que marcan una hegemonía), donde yace la violenta relación de las mujeres con su cuerpo. He encontrado que estas manifestaciones visibles sobre los cuerpos de las mujeres hace 400 años repercuten hoy con la misma violencia simbólica.
Right to Informational Privacy in India: Shift from Property Right to Property Rule
Authors: Maheshwari Khushi
Published: May 2022

In today’s technological landscape, marked by continuous flow of data, it is difficult to think of data in terms of property rights, based on ownership. This is because data principals are almost always excluded from this ownership right and associated gains. With a specific focus on the Indian context, this paper analyses the framing of right to informational privacy and the issues associated with the same. It then goes on to suggest, the framing of this right using the option theory of legal entitlements instead of as a property right. The paper acknowledges the limitations of this theory, however emphasises that this theory is crucial to engage in a discourse which signifies a shift from associating data with property rights. It also has practical utility to arrive at more economically efficient models which take into consideration the data principal’s right as well as the need for technological innovation.
Actualización en el diagnóstico bioquímico de la enfermedad de Wilson
Authors: Martínez-Morillo Eduardo , Bauça Josep Miquel
Published: May 2022

La enfermedad de Wilson (EW) es un trastorno hereditario del metabolismo del cobre causado por mutaciones en el gen ATP7B, en el que se produce la acumulación de este elemento en el hígado y otros órganos y tejidos de los pacientes afectados, provocando principalmente manifestaciones hepáticas y neuropsiquiátricas. Se revisan el rendimiento diagnóstico y las limitaciones de las principales pruebas bioquímicas utilizadas en esta enfermedad infradiagnosticada. Además, se incluyen recomendaciones y se proponen comentarios estandarizados que podrían acompañar a los resultados en el informe de laboratorio. A pesar de no disponer aún de una prueba bioquímica rápida, sencilla y fiable que permita un diagnóstico inequívoco de la EW, la combinación de ceruloplasmina sérica y cobre urinario permite una orientación diagnóstica certera. El cobre sérico total debe ser utilizado con precaución dado su bajo valor predictivo negativo y no se recomienda el uso del cobre no unido a ceruloplasmina calculado. Sin embargo, el cobre intercambiable relativo medido presenta una sensibilidad y especificidad muy elevadas, pudiendo convertirse en un futuro en la prueba de referencia para el diagnóstico bioquímico de la EW. El desarrollo de nuevos métodos abre la puerta a la incorporación de la EW a los programas de cribado neonatal.
10 Jahre berufsbegleitendes Studium „Informationsmanagement“ an der Hochschule Hannover: eine Zwischenbilanz
Authors: Wittich Anke
Published: May 2022

Für Fachangestellte für Medien- und Informationsdienste (FaMIs) ist berufsbegleitendes Studieren eine erfolgreiche Maßnahme zur Höherqualifizierung. Bibliotheken können ihrerseits im Rahmen der Personalentwicklung mit der Unterstützung von studierenden Mitarbeitenden dem Fachkräftemangel entgegenwirken. Der Beitrag stellt die Personalentwicklungsmaßnahme am Beispiel des Bachelor-Studiengangs „Informationsmanagement – berufsbegleitend“ der Hochschule Hannover vor. Es werden Informationen aus der Beratungspraxis dargelegt und die mögliche Unterstützung durch die entsendenden Bibliotheken aufgezeigt.
How the Leader-Team Age Dissimilarity and Leader Power Shape the Entrepreneurial Ventures’ R&D Intensity: Empirical Evidence from China
Authors: Zheng Yaoyi , Su Yi
Published: May 2022

Contemplating the directionality of age difference between the leaders and their team, the leader-team age dissimilarity can be divided into two categories: leader-team norm-consistent age dissimilarity and leader-team norm-inconsistent age dissimilarity. Previous studies have remained lacking to investigate these two types of age differences and their interactions relationship with leaders’ power under China’s cultural context. This study integrates the theoretical framework of social normative theory and power distance theory, and analyzes the impact of leader-team norm-consistent age dissimilarity and leader-team norm-inconsistent age dissimilarity, and their interaction with leader power on entrepreneurial firms’ research and development (R&D) intensity. Panel data on the entrepreneurial firms of the China’s Growth Enterprise Market is adopted, and panel random-effects tobit regression is used for empirical test. The results indicate that leader-team norm-consistent age dissimilarity is negatively associated with R&D intensity of entrepreneurial firms, whereas there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between leader-team norm-inconsistent age dissimilarity and entrepreneurial firms’ R&D intensity. The aforementioned relationship is stronger when leader power is high as opposed to when it is low. The execution of robustness checks authenticates the veracity of the empirical results.
Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles prepared using seeds of Sisymbrium irio and evaluation of their antifungal and cytotoxic activities
Authors: Rizwana Humaira , Bokahri Najat A. , Alfarhan Ahmed , Aldehaish Horiah A. , Alsaggabi Noura S.
Published: May 2022

Recent studies have shown that green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their application in the control of phytopathogenic fungi is a burgeoning field. Sisymbrium irio (Si) (London rocket) is a well-known weed that grows abundantly in Saudi Arabia from February to May. The present study is concerned with the rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the aqueous seed extract of Si) in the presence of sunlight. The biosynthesized Si-AgNPs were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis, dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (FTIR). The UV-Vis spectrum revealed a prominent surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band (∼439 nm) characteristic of AgNPs. As revealed by TEM analysis, the Si-AgNPs were predominantly spheroidal in shape and measured between 4 and 51 nm, while the Z average of nanoparticles was 94.81 nm as revealed by the DLS spectrum. The FTIR spectrum displayed peaks related to important functional groups (amines, phenols, carboxylic acids, flavonoids, aromatic compounds, and esters) that aid in the reduction, encapsulation, and stability of AgNPs. The Si-AgNPs were further investigated against a panel of potent fungal phytopathogens that included Alternaria alternata, A. brassicae, Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, and Trichoderma harzianum. The cytotoxic activity of the biosynthesized nanoparticles against human cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) was also tested. Si-AgNPs at 80 µg·mL−1 demonstrated a marked reduction in mycelial growth and spore germination. Similarly, Si-AgNPs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxic activity against the HeLa cell line, with an IC50 value of 21.83 ± 0.76 µg·mL−1. The results of the present study demonstrate the robust cytotoxic and antifungal activities of Si-AgNPs. Based on the findings, Si-AgNPs can be exploited to design formulations that can effectively act as anticancer agents, controlling the proliferation of cancer cells while also combating fungal phytopathogens. However, future research to understand their toxicity mechanisms is needed.
Sound change in Aboriginal Australia: word-initial engma deletion in Kunwok
Authors: Marley Alexandra Helen
Published: May 2022

This paper examines word-initial engma deletion in Bininj Kunwok. Loss of initial consonants is a well-documented historical process in many Australian languages (Blevins, Juliette. 2001. Where have all the onsets gone? Initial consonant loss in Australian Aboriginal languages. In Jane Simpson, David Nash, Mary Laughren, Peter Austin & Barry Alpher (eds.), Forty years on: Ken Hale and Australian languages, 481–492. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics), but there has been no systematic analysis of initial consonant loss as a synchronic variable (Fletcher, Janet & Andrew Butcher 2014. Sound patterns of Australian languages. In Harold Koch & Rachel Nordlinger (eds.), The languages and linguistics of Australia, 91–138. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton). In the case of Kunwok, word-initial velar nasal deletion (e.g. nganabbarru ∼ anabbarru ‘buffalo’) has been described as having regional distribution and is a prominent feature of speakers from the western and southern peripheries of the dialect chain, but variable in speakers from the central region (Evans, Nicholas. 2003. Bininj Kunwok: A pan-dialectal grammar of Mayali, Kunwinjku and Kune. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics). This study tests the distribution of the word-initial engma for both linguistic conditioning and sociolinguistic factors, and arrives at three conclusions. First, that preceding environment is a contributing factor. Second, that morphological class is a categorical conditioning factor. And third, that the phenomenon is spreading and there is evidence of language change in progress. This paper also takes into consideration community perspectives, noting that the sound change in progress is accompanied by a change in perceptions.
Topologically driven Rabi-oscillating interference dislocation
Authors: Rahmani Amir , Colas David , Voronova Nina , Jamshidi-Ghaleh Kazem , Dominici Lorenzo , Laussy Fabrice P.
Published: May 2022

Quantum vortices are the quantized version of classical vortices. Their center is a phase singularity or vortex core around which the flow of particles as a whole circulates and is typical in superfluids, condensates and optical fields. However, the exploration of the motion of the phase singularities in coherently-coupled systems is still underway. We theoretically analyze the propagation of an interference dislocation in the regime of strong coupling between light and matter, with strong mass imbalance, corresponding to the case of microcavity exciton–polaritons. To this end, we utilize combinations of vortex and tightly focused Gaussian beams, which are introduced through resonant pulsed pumping. We show that a dislocation originates from self-interference fringes, due to the non-parabolic dispersion of polaritons combined with moving Rabi-oscillating vortices. The morphology of singularities is analyzed in the Poincaré space for the pseudospin associated to the polariton states. The resulting beam carries orbital angular momentum with decaying oscillations due to the loss of spatial overlap between the normal modes of the polariton system.
Berlin 1938: Aus den Lehrjahren des Elemér Pólay
Authors: Jakab Éva
Published: May 2022

The study by the Hungarian Romanist Elemér Pólay on the ‘Ns legal concept and Roman law’ is to be regarded as a valuable source of contemporary and scientific history. The author offers a good overview of Nazi legislation that objectively informs Hungarian readers then and now, but he takes a critical look at some of the results of this legislation as well. Pólay demonstrates the endangered situation of Roman law: he courageously fights for the importance of the discipline to which he has felt called since his youth. His arguments in the context of his stay in Berlin and his contacts with Paul Koschaker also deserve international interest. If one compares Koschaker’s ‘Krise des römischen Rechts‘ (‘Crisis of Roman Law’) with Pólay’s ‘Ns Legal Concept and Roman Law’, striking parallels, but also differences, can be identified. Pólay makes arguments that can also be found in Koschaker’s writing. These indirect allusions show that Pólay was integrated in Koschaker’s seminary, knew his opinion, and internalized it. However, Pólay also sharply criticized Nazi legal figures. It is likely that Pólay was encouraged by him to put these thoughts on paper and that he witnessed relevant critical debates in Koschaker's environment. In Pólay's lines, Koschaker's convictions as a private individual should be echoed, although Koschaker, as a Berlin professor, did not dare to advocate these theses in public.
Magyar magánjogászok tudományos írásai Németországban (1920–1944)
Authors: Herger Csabáné
Published: May 2022

The study of the scientific relations between Hungarian and German private law jurists between 1920 and 1944 is still a current research issue, the comprehensive presentation of which has not been undertaken by either the German or the Hungarian legal historians. This research task cannot be completely performed by the author of this study either. The research question is that among the Hungarian private jurists, who published his scientific results in German journals, in the columns of the Zeitschrift der Akademie für Deutsches Recht and in the Zeitschrift für osteuropäisches Recht, and on what topics and in what way was it approached. The study covers private law in the broad sense, so in addition to general private law, it also covers writings on family law, commercial law and civil procedure law. When evaluating these questions, the role of the given author in Hungarian scientific public life is also a research aspect.
Private Law Publications in Hungary between 1920–1944 with Special Regard to the Influence of German Law and the Restriction of Rights
Authors: Krausz Bernadett
Published: May 2022

The study analyses the reaction of Hungarian private law jurists to the right restrictions and deprivations of the Horthy era concerning Civil law, whether they welcomed or criticized them and more importantly, if they spoke about them at all publicly. I examined the legal papers that were published in the subject period in Hungary, namely the Jogtudományi Közlöny (Journal of Jurisprudence), Polgári Jog (Civil Law) and Magyar Jogi Szemle (Hungarian Law Review) in order to seek answers.
Schriften über Bildung und Kulturpolitik in der Monatsschrift für Deutsch-Ungarischen Kulturaustausch der Ungarisch-Deutschen Gesellschaft in Budapest (1940–1944)
Authors: Niklai Patrícia Dominika
Published: May 2022

Between 1940 and 1944 (and even earlier, in the 1930‘s), the Hungarian cultural and educational policy focused on Christian national ideology and Hungarian cultural superiority. Hungarian writers also highlighted this ideology in addition to emphasizing the importance and benefits of the bond with Germany. These manifested and mingled in a pro-German spirit based on the current political alliances. In the following this will be examined through the writings of Hungarian authors, who considered that the bond between the Hungarians and the Germans has different natural historical roots. In this article several writings were selected about education and cultural policy from the monthly journal for German-Hungarian cultural exchange of the Hungarian-German Society in Budapest. On this basis, an overview of the spirit of the age will be given here using the writings of Hungarian authors published in German. Other periodicals of that era were also researched – such as the Journal of Eastern European Law, Journal of the Academy of German Law, Hungarian Yearbooks between 1933–1943 – but they also do not contain so many writings on the topics of education and cultural policy, which is why the monthly journal for German-Hungarian cultural exchange was chosen as the title and focus point of this study.
A spanyol jogszokáskutatás első időszaka: Serrano, Unamuno Espejo gyűjtései
Authors: Matla Gabriella
Published: May 2022

The study provides an insight into the early period of Spanish legal custom research, highlighting the effect of Joaquín Costa’s legal custom program on collectors, whose careers were not determined by legal interest, but whose collections further enriched research and facilitated the incorporation of legal custom research into modern Spanish jurisprudence and history of law.
Fegyverek a középkori igazságszolgáltatásban
Authors: Siska Péter
Published: May 2022

This essay presents the weapons in the medieval justice of Hungary. Since they were usually used as symbols as well in the discussed period, it is necessary to involve the cultural history of law. As it will be shown, the weapons were present in all parts of the criminal justice in those days, such as in judicial simbols, criminal devices, means of proof and executors of the sentences.
Judicial Independence in Pakistan
Authors: ZULFIQAR Rida
Published: May 2022

Independent judiciary is the justification of a balanced and disinterested and judiciously equitable civilization. Independence suggests that professionals in law can unobstructed deliver legal judgments whether involving powerful diplomats, executive characters, or average residents. Therefore, guaranteeing resolutions are built on vitality slightly than is the outcome of governmental tensions or is promoting some bulk. Founded with freedom, the judiciary system works as a defense of public equities and independence. In Pakistan, however, the Constitution designates an individualistic and non-interrupted judiciary but political authorities, from multiple years, have been doubled upon guaranteeing that the lawmakers or law implementers/ judges constantly survive in an environment of anxiety and address partial and advantageous determinations under the leadership and intentional power of the outside officials. This paper settles that an unconventional or independent judicial system may not denote the clarification to all the dilemmas of Pakistan but is the numerous significant paces towards resolving the obstacles covered by the country machinations. These hurdles have great impact on country’s overall judicial performance which turns it not a democratic state and throw critical observation over dependent proclaims of judicial system, where jury could not perform and execute rule of law individually. Furthermore, the historical events from 1947 to 1956 stand the revolution in constitutional corner of the state but unfortunately severe contamination in legislative system and interpretation of external bodies in organizational independency of law, upgraded nepotism and corruptions like threats in current infrastructure of administration.