bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological Type and Temperament Profile of Anglican Clergy Serving in the Episcopal Church (USA)
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , Village Andrew
Published: November 2024

The present study drew on data provided by 179 clergymen and 226 clergywomen to discuss the psychological type and temperaments profile of stipendiary parochial clergy serving in The Episcopal Church (USA) and to set this profile alongside 591 clergymen and 486 clergywomen serving in the Church of England. The data indicated a similar profile for Anglican clergy on both sides of the Atlantic, with preferences for introversion, intuition, feeling and judging. In terms of temperament, in the USA 41% of clergymen were SJ, 38% NF, 17% NT and 4% SP; 43% of clergywomen were NF, 41% SJ, 13% NT and 2% SP.
A high FBR low SAR and AMC-backed compact wearable antenna array for WBAN applications
Authors: Chu Jun , Du Chengzhu , Shu Haifeng
Published: November 2024

In this paper, a wearable antenna array based on a 9 × 3 artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) array is proposed with the characteristics of compact, low profile, low specific absorption rate (SAR), high front-to-back ratio (FBR) and high gain for wireless body area network (WBAN) bands. The proposed wearable antenna consists of a four-element array and an AMC array. The size of antenna array loaded AMC is 137.7 × 45.9 mm2. The dielectric substrate of the antenna and the AMC structure are made of 0.1 mm liquid crystal polymer material, which is flexible and low profiled. The antenna operates from 5.62 to 6 GHz after the AMC structure is loaded. The gain increases by 3.23 dB, reaching 12.03 dB at 5.8 GHz. And the FBR value is raised by 26.04 dB. The highest SAR value of the simulated antenna on the human model is 0.0496 W/kg, far less than the US federal or EU requirements. After constructing and testing the antenna, the outcomes of the tests agreed with the results of the simulation. The flexible antenna array with AMC structure has good prospect in WBAN applications.
A longitudinal birth cohort study of child maltreatment and mental disorders using linked statewide child protection and administrative health data for 83,050 Queensland residents from 1983 to 2014
Authors: Kisely Steve , Leske Stuart , Ogilvie James , Thompson Carleen , Siskind Dan , Allard Troy
Published: November 2024

Aims

Most information about the association between childhood maltreatment (CM) and subsequent psychiatric morbidity is based on retrospective self-reports. Findings from longitudinal studies using prospective reports to statutory agencies may be subject to attrition. We therefore compared the prevalence to age 30 of inpatient psychiatric diagnoses in those who experienced agency-reported CM with those of the rest of the cohort using administrative data to minimise loss to follow-up.

Methods

We used linked administrative data for two birth cohorts of all individuals born in Queensland, Australia in 1983 and 1984 (N = 83,050) and followed to age 30 years. This was the entire cohort aside from 312 people who died. Information on CM came from statewide child protection data and psychiatric diagnoses from all public and private hospital admissions in Queensland.

Results

On adjusted analyses, the 4,703 participants (5.7%) who had been notified to the statewide child protection authority had three to eight times the odds of being admitted for any of the following psychiatric diagnoses by age 30 years old: schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, bipolar affective disorders, depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD). There were similar findings for all the CM subtypes. Associations were especially strong for PTSD with between a seven – and nine-fold increase in the odds of admission.

Conclusions

This is one of the largest studies of the long-term effects of CM, covering an entire jurisdiction. All types of maltreatment are significantly related to a range of psychiatric disorders requiring hospitalisation. Early identification, intervention and providing appropriate support to individuals who have experienced CM may help mitigate the long-term consequences and reduce the risk of subsequent mental health problems.
Paraclimbing coach: a qualitative needs analysis of competencies and skills from the perspective of elite paraclimbers
Authors: Hubmann Miriam , Kiselev Nikolai , Hirt Sonja , Pauli Carole , Loosli Daniela , Stoffel Olivia , Buehler Michael , Nordström Karin
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Background: Despite the exponential growth of Paraclimbing as a sports discipline in recent years, there is a significant gap in research concerning the specific training needs of paraclimbing coaches(PC). The unique challenges posed by the athletes’ disabilities require coaches to possess specialized knowledge and competencies in both physical training and psychological support. Objective: This study aims to explore the elite paraclimbing athletes (EPCA) expectations and perceived training needs regarding their coaches to understand better how coaching can be optimized for this emerging sport. Methods: A qualitative, cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with six ( N = 6) EPCA from German-speaking countries. The interview guide was developed based on the expertise from the field and competence model by Zeuner and Hummel (2006), focusing on four domains: professional, methodological, self-expertise, and social skills. Interviews were analyzed through thematic analysis. Results: The findings reveal that while general climbing training covers many relevant aspects, it inadequately addresses the specific needs of athletes with disabilities. Key areas identified for improvement include integrating disability-specific knowledge into training programs, including mental health support strategies, and the need for better coordination with external professionals such as psychologists and medical experts. Moreover, the athletes emphasized the importance of social and professional expertise. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for specialized training programs for paraclimbing coaches incorporating disability-specific knowledge and mental health competencies. Addressing these gaps and needs is essential for supporting the development and success of para-athletes, and for ensuring that coaching in paraclimbing evolves alongside the sport’s growing demands.
High altitude adaptation, common high-altitude disorders and the effects of high altitude on mental health
Authors: Burtscher Johannes , Hüfner Katharina , Kopp Martin , Schipplick Florian , Schobersberger Wolfgang , Gatterer Hannes
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Introduction: The human brain is a highly oxygen-dependent organ. Low environmental oxygen availability (e.g., hypobaric hypoxia at altitude) is a major challenge to the brain and numerous endogenous cellular and systemic hypoxia responses therefore are in place to mitigate hypoxic stress. When the dose of the hypoxic stress surpasses the adaptive capabilities of the brain, cerebral forms of high-altitude illnesses can develop, the prevalence of which increases with the altitude. Hypoxia can also trigger psychotic symptoms. Despite that, the effects of altitude exposures on people with pre-existing mental disorders are surprisingly scarcely investigated. Methods: In this narrative review we summarize the literature on the brain’s responses to hypoxia and put them in the context of somatic high-altitude illnesses and mental consequences of altitude exposure from an interdisciplinary perspective. Results: We identify knowledge gaps with high clinical relevance related to the safety of altitude exposures, particularly for individuals with mental disorders. Conclusions: Taken together, research into the vulnerability of people with neuropsychiatric disorders and the risk of developing mental symptoms in different populations (diseased, healthy, athletes) at altitude is urgently needed to provide appropriate evidence-based counselling and treatment.
Suicides in the Bernese mountains
Authors: Schoch Elena , Mikutta Christian , Allenbach Eva , Notz Joel , Müller Thomas J. , Jackowski Christian , Schön Corinna Ariane
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Introduction: Jumping/falling from high structures is a common form of suicide. Mostly, these suicides occur on artificial structures. However, there are also natural formations which are used for committing suicide. It was the aim of this study to investigate the use of mountains and other natural rock formations for the means of suicide. Methods: The files of the investigations of mountain deaths from 2002 to 2016 commissioned by the public prosecutor’s office of the canton of Bern, Switzerland, or carried out by the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Bern itself, were evaluated retrospectively regarding the existence of suicides within alpine environment. Results: 20 cases were analyzed concerning various parameters such as method, age, gender and mental diagnoses. A mountain suicide occurred with a ratio of 1 to 69. The gender difference was more pronounced with 80% being male victims. Discussion: Suicide is rare in the mountains. Jumping/falling from heights was the most common manner of suicide. Most of those affected were male and a significant proportion had a psychiatric diagnosis.
Oil, Gas, and COVID-19
Authors: Derouin Sarah
Published: November 2024

Early in the pandemic, people living near oil and gas wells experienced higher rates of COVID-19 and related mortality compared with those with no exposure to well pollution.
Few Minerals Are Named for Women
Authors: Chapman Andrew
Published: November 2024

New research shows that that less than 3% of all minerals are named after women, and progress has stalled since 1985.
Enhanced Ocean Mixing During the Passage of Tropical Cyclone
Authors: Falor Devang , Gayen Bishakhdatta , Sengupta Debasis , Chaudhuri Dipanjan
Published: November 2024

Tropical cyclones are among the most destructive natural disasters. However, lack of detailed observations and the simplifications inherent in operational ocean models, lead to incomplete knowledge of underlying ocean processes. Using high‐fidelity large‐eddy simulations and moored observations away from the storm track, we show that mutually interacting shear and convective processes, govern the evolving state of the upper ocean. Our simulation agrees well with observed sea surface temperature and sea surface salinity. Shear driven turbulence due to surface wind stress erodes stratification, deepens the ocean mixed layer and transports freshwater into the mixed layer during rain events. Concurrently, surface buoyancy loss also aids in ocean mixing via convective entrainment. The mixing efficiency and the associated eddy diffusivity shows high spatiotemporal variability throughout the water column during cyclone passage. Thus, a better insight into the upper ocean mixing mechanisms is necessary for developing improved mixing parameterizations for tropical cyclone intensity forecasts.
Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in central nervous system diseases
Authors: Zhu Zhipeng , Song Min , Ren Jianxun , Liang Lirong , Mao Guohua , Chen Min
Published: November 2024

Copper (Cu), an indispensable micronutrient for the sustenance of living organisms, contributes significantly to a vast array of fundamental metabolic processes. The human body maintains a relatively low concentration of copper, which is mostly found in the bones, liver, and brain. Despite its low concentration, Cu plays a crucial role as an indispensable element in the progression and pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Extensive studies have been conducted in recent years on copper homeostasis and copper-induced cell death in CNS disorders, including glioma, Alzheimer’s disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, and stroke. Cuproptosis, a novel copper-induced cell death pathway distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, has been identified as potentially intricately linked to the pathogenic mechanisms underlying various CNS diseases. Therefore, a systematic review of copper homeostasis and cuproptosis and their relationship with CNS disorders could deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases. In addition, it may provide new insights and strategies for the treatment of CNS disorders.
Divergent WNT signaling and drug sensitivity profiles within hepatoblastoma tumors and organoids
Authors: Kluiver Thomas A. , Lu Yuyan , Schubert Stephanie A. , Kraaier Lianne J. , Ringnalda Femke , Lijnzaad Philip , DeMartino Jeff , Megchelenbrink Wouter L. , Amo-Addae Vicky , Eising Selma , de Faria Flavia W. , Münter Daniel , van de Wetering Marc , Kerl Kornelius , Duiker Evelien , van den Heuvel Marius C. , de Meijer Vincent E. , de Kleine Ruben H. , Molenaar Jan J. , Margaritis Thanasis , Stunnenberg Hendrik G. , de Krijger Ronald R. , Zsiros József , Clevers Hans , Peng Weng Chuan
Published: November 2024

Hepatoblastoma, the most prevalent pediatric liver cancer, almost always carries a WNT-activating CTNNB1 mutation, yet exhibits notable molecular heterogeneity. To characterize this heterogeneity and identify novel targeted therapies, we perform comprehensive analysis of hepatoblastomas and tumor-derived organoids using single-cell RNA-seq/ATAC-seq, spatial transcriptomics, and high-throughput drug profiling. We identify two distinct tumor epithelial signatures: hepatic ‘fetal’ and WNT-high ‘embryonal’, displaying divergent WNT signaling patterns. The fetal group is enriched for liver-specific WNT targets, while the embryonal group is enriched in canonical WNT target genes. Gene regulatory network analysis reveals enrichment of regulons related to hepatic functions such as bile acid, lipid and xenobiotic metabolism in the fetal subtype but not in the embryonal subtype. In addition, the dichotomous expression pattern of the transcription factors HNF4A and LEF1 allows for a clear distinction between the fetal and embryonal tumor cells. We also perform high-throughput drug screening using patient-derived tumor organoids and identify sensitivity to HDAC inhibitors. Intriguingly, embryonal and fetal tumor organoids are sensitive to FGFR and EGFR inhibitors, respectively, indicating a dependency on EGF/FGF signaling in hepatoblastoma tumorigenesis. In summary, our data uncover the molecular and drug sensitivity landscapes of hepatoblastoma and pave the way for the development of targeted therapies.
Characterizing the interactions between influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses and their implications for epidemic control
Authors: Kramer Sarah C. , Pirikahu Sarah , Casalegno Jean-Sébastien , Domenech de Cellès Matthieu
Published: November 2024

Pathogen-pathogen interactions represent a critical but little-understood feature of infectious disease dynamics. In particular, experimental evidence suggests that influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) compete with each other, such that infection with one confers temporary protection against the other. However, such interactions are challenging to study using common epidemiologic methods. Here, we use a mathematical modeling approach, in conjunction with detailed surveillance data from Hong Kong and Canada, to infer the strength and duration of the interaction between influenza and RSV. Based on our estimates, we further utilize our model to evaluate the potential conflicting effects of live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) on RSV burden. We find evidence of a moderate to strong, negative, bidirectional interaction, such that infection with either virus yields 40-100% protection against infection with the other for one to five months. Assuming that LAIV reduces RSV susceptibility in a similar manner, we predict that the impact of such a vaccine at the population level would likely depend greatly on underlying viral circulation patterns. More broadly, we highlight the utility of mathematical models as a tool to characterize pathogen-pathogen interactions.
Saturation of the compression of two interacting magnetized plasma toroids evidenced in the laboratory
Authors: Sladkov A. , Fegan C. , Yao W. , Bott A. F. A. , Chen S. N. , Ahmed H. , Filippov E. D. , Lelièvre R. , Martin P. , McIlvenny A. , Waltenspiel T. , Antici P. , Borghesi M. , Pikuz S. , Ciardi A. , d’Humières E. , Soloviev A. , Starodubtsev M. , Fuchs J.
Published: November 2024

Interactions between magnetic fields advected by matter play a fundamental role in the Universe at a diverse range of scales. A crucial role these interactions play is in making turbulent fields highly anisotropic, leading to observed ordered fields. These in turn, are important evolutionary factors for all the systems within and around. Despite scant evidence, due to the difficulty in measuring even near-Earth events, the magnetic field compression factor in these interactions, measured at very varied scales, is limited to a few. However, compressing matter in which a magnetic field is embedded, results in compression up to several thousands. Here we show, using laboratory experiments and matching three-dimensional hybrid simulations, that there is indeed a very effective saturation of the compression when two independent parallel-oriented magnetic fields regions encounter one another due to plasma advection. We found that the observed saturation is linked to a build-up of the magnetic pressure, which decelerates and redirects the inflows at their encounter point, thereby stopping further compression. Moreover, the growth of an electric field, induced by the incoming flows and the magnetic field, acts in redirecting the inflows transversely, further hampering field compression.
Two mechanisms repress cyclin B1 translation to maintain prophase arrest in mouse oocytes
Authors: Cheng Shiya , Schuh Melina
Published: November 2024

In mammals, oocytes are arrested in prophase of meiosis I for long periods of time. Prophase arrest is critical for reproduction because it allows oocytes to grow to their full size to support meiotic maturation and embryonic development. Prophase arrest requires the inhibitory phosphorylation of the mitotic kinase CDK1. Whether prophase arrest is also regulated at the translational level is unknown. Here, we show that prophase arrest is regulated by translational control of dormant cyclin B1 mRNAs. Using Trim-Away, we identify two mechanisms that maintain cyclin B1 dormancy and thus prophase arrest. First, a complex of the RNA-binding proteins DDX6, LSM14B and CPEB1 directly represses cyclin B1 translation through interacting with its 3’UTR. Second, cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPCs) indirectly repress the translation of cyclin B1 and other poly(A)-tail-less or short-tailed mRNAs by sequestering the translation machinery on long-tailed mRNAs. Together, we demonstrate how RNA-binding proteins coordinately regulate prophase arrest, and reveal an unexpected role for PABPCs in controlling mRNA dormancy.
Switchable topological polar states in epitaxial BaTiO3 nanoislands on silicon
Authors: Olaniyan Ibukun , Tikhonov Iurii , Hevelke Valentin Väinö , Wiesner Sven , Zhang Leifeng , Razumnaya Anna , Cherkashin Nikolay , Schamm-Chardon Sylvie , Lukyanchuk Igor , Kim Dong-Jik , Dubourdieu Catherine
Published: November 2024

A fascinating aspect of nanoscale ferroelectric materials is the emergence of topological polar textures, which include various complex and stable polarization configurations. The manipulation of such topological textures through external stimuli like electric fields holds promise for advanced nanoelectronics applications. There are, however, several challenges to reach potential applications, among which reliably creating and controlling these textures at the nanoscale on silicon, and with lead-free compounds. We report the realization of epitaxial BaTiO3 nanoislands on silicon, with a lateral size as small as 30-60 nm, and demonstrate stable center down-convergent polarization domains that can be reversibly switched by an electric field to center up-divergent domains. Piezoresponse force microscopy data reconstruction and phase field modeling give insight into the 3D patterns. The trapezoidal-shape nanoislands give rise to center down-convergent lateral swirling polarization component with respect to the nanoisland axis, which prevents the formation of bound charges on the side walls, therefore minimizing depolarization fields. The texture resembles a swirling vortex of liquid flowing into a narrowing funnel. Chirality emerges from the whirling polarization configurations. The ability to create and electrically manipulate chiral whirling polar textures in BaTiO3 nanostructures grown monolithically on silicon holds promise for applications in future topological nanoelectronics.
Genetic variants associated with longevity in long-living Indians
Authors: Pemmasani Sandhya Kiran , R G Shakthiraju , V Suraj , Bhattacharyya Raunaq , Patel Chetan , Gupta Anil Kumar , Acharya Anuradha
Published: November 2024

Genetic factors play a significant role in determining an individual’s longevity. The present study was aimed at identifying genetic variants associated with longevity in Indian population. Long living individuals (LLIs), aged 85+, were compared with younger controls, aged 18-49 years, using data from GenomegaDB, a genetic database of Indians living in India. An in-house developed custom chip, having variants associated with various cancers, cardiovascular, neurological, gastro-intestinal, metabolic and auto-immune disorders, was used to generate genotype data. Logistic regression analysis with sex and top three genetic principal components as covariates resulted in 9 variants to be significantly associated with longevity at a p-value threshold of 5 × 10−4. Alleles associated with slower heart rate (rs365990, MYH6), decreased risk of osteoporosis and short body height (rs2982570, ESR1), decreased risk of schizophrenia (rs1339227, RIMS1-KCNQ5) and decreased risk of anxiety and neuroticism (rs391957, HSPA5) were found to have higher frequency in LLIs. Alleles associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation (rs3903239, GORAB-PRRX1) and biliary disorders (rs2002042, ABCC2) were found to have lower frequency. The G allele of rs2802292 from FOXO3A gene, associated with longevity in Japanese, German and French centenarians, was also found to be significant in this population (P = 0.032). Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the genes involved in oxidative stress, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, glucose metabolism and energy metabolism were significantly involved in affecting the longevity. Results of our study demonstrate the genetic basis of healthy aging and longevity in the population.
Diagnostic efficacy and clinical utility of whole-exome sequencing in Czech pediatric patients with rare and undiagnosed diseases
Authors: Slaba Katerina , Pokorna Petra , Jugas Robin , Palova Hana , Prochazkova Dagmar , Aulicka Stefania , Spanelova Klara , Danhofer Pavlina , Horak Ondrej , Tuckova Jana , Kleiblova Petra , Gaillyova Renata , Hrunka Matej , Jouza Martin , Pinkova Blanka , Papez Jan , Konecna Petra , Zidkova Jana , Stourac Petr , Sterba Jaroslav , Demlova Regina , Demlova Eva , Jabandziev Petr , Slaby Ondrej
Published: November 2024

In the last decade, undiagnosed disease programs have emerged to address the significant number of individuals with suspected but undiagnosed rare genetic diseases. In our single-center study, we have launched a pilot program for pediatric patients with undiagnosed diseases in the second-largest university hospital in the Czech Republic. This study was prospectively conducted at the Department of Pediatrics at University Hospital Brno between 2020 and 2023. A total of 58 Czech patients with undiagnosed diseases were enrolled in the study. All children underwent singleton WES with targeted phenotype-driven analysis. We identified 28 variants, including 11 pathogenic, 13 likely pathogenic, and 4 VUS according to ACMG guidelines, as diagnostic of genetic diseases in 25 patients, resulting in an overall diagnostic yield of 43%. Eleven variants were novel and had not been previously reported in any public database. The overall clinical utility (actionability) enabling at least one type of change in the medical care of the patient was 76%, whereas the average number of clinical implications to individual patient care was two. Singleton WES facilitated the diagnostic process in the Czech undiagnosed pediatric population. We believe it is an effective approach to enable appropriate counseling, surveillance, and personalized clinical management.
Adaptive morphing of wing and tail for stable, resilient, and energy-efficient flight of avian-inspired drones
Authors: Jeger Simon Luis , Wüest Valentin , Toumieh Charbel , Floreano Dario
Published: November 2024

Avian-inspired drones feature morphing wing and tail surfaces, enhancing agility and adaptability in flight. Despite their large potential, realising their full capabilities remains challenging due to the lack of generalized control strategies accommodating their large degrees of freedom and cross-coupling effects between their control surfaces. Here we propose a new body-rate controller for avian-inspired drones that uses all available actuators to control the motion of the drone. The method exhibits robustness against physical perturbations, turbulent airflow, and even loss of certain actuators mid-flight. Furthermore, wing and tail morphing is leveraged to enhance energy efficiency at 8 m/s, 10 m/s, and 12 m/s using in-flight Bayesian optimization. The resulting morphing configurations yield significant gains across all three speeds of up to 11.5% compared to non-morphing configurations and display a strong resemblance to avian flight at different speeds. This research lays the groundwork for the development of autonomous avian-inspired drones that operate under diverse wind conditions, emphasizing the role of morphing in improving energy efficiency.
Comparative extraction of antioxidant proteins from whole frogs (Rana ridibunda Pollas)
Authors: Dongmulati Naziermu , Wali Ahmidin , Yang Zi , Aili Yusufujiang , Kelaimu Rexili , Gao Yanhua , Yili Abulimiti , Aisa Haji Akber
Published: November 2024

The forest frog (Rana ridibunda Pollas) is a traditional medicinal source rich in active protein compounds.
What is the potential of walnut shell-derived carbon in battery applications?
Authors: Oulbaz Lamiae , Kasbaji Meriem , Oubenali Mustapha , Moubarik Amine , Kassab Zineb , Chari Abdelwahed , Dahbi Mouad , El Achaby Mounir
Published: November 2024

The use of walnut shells for energy storage offers a sustainable, innovative approach, enhancing energy density and cost efficiency. While it presents environmental benefits, challenges remain in scalability and optimization.
Aluminium porphyrins catalyse the hydrogenation of CO2 with H2
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Gastelu Gabriela , Zábranský Martin , Kukla Jaroslav , Uranga Jorge G. , Hulla Martin
Published: November 2024

The cationic complexes reductively couple CO2 and amines to yield formamides using H2 as the reductant. The reaction is in part promoted by the counter anion and based on DFT may proceed in frustrated Lewis pair manner.
Software Defect Prediction Method Based on Clustering Ensemble Learning
Authors: Tao Hongwei , Cao Qiaoling , Chen Haoran , Li Yanting , Niu Xiaoxu , Wang Tao , Geng Zhenhao , Shang Songtao
Published: November 2024

The technique of software defect prediction aims to assess and predict potential defects in software projects and has made significant progress in recent years within software development. In previous studies, this technique largely relied on supervised learning methods, requiring a substantial amount of labeled historical defect data to train the models. However, obtaining these labeled data often demands significant time and resources. In contrast, software defect prediction based on unsupervised learning does not depend on known labeled data, eliminating the need for large‐scale data labeling, thereby saving considerable time and resources while providing a more flexible solution for ensuring software quality. This paper conducts software defect prediction using unsupervised learning methods on data from 16 projects across two public datasets (PROMISE and NASA). During the feature selection step, a chi‐squared sparse feature selection method is proposed. This feature selection strategy combines chi‐squared tests with sparse principal component analysis (SPCA). Specifically, the chi‐squared test is first used to filter out the most statistically significant features, and then the SPCA is applied to reduce the dimensionality of these significant features. In the clustering step, the dot product matrix and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) matrix are used to construct weighted adjacency matrices, and a clustering overlap method is proposed. This method integrates spectral clustering, Newman clustering, fluid clustering, and Clauset–Newman–Moore (CNM) clustering through ensemble learning. Experimental results indicate that, in the absence of labeled data, using the chi‐squared sparse method for feature selection demonstrates superior performance, and the proposed clustering overlap method outperforms or is comparable to the effectiveness of the four baseline clustering methods.
Digital twin‐based production logistics resource optimisation configuration method in smart cloud manufacturing environment
Authors: Zhang Zhongfei , Qu Ting , Zhang Kai , Zhao Kuo , Zhang Yongheng , Liu Lei , Liang Jianhua , Huang George Q.
Published: November 2024

To adapt to the dynamic, diverse, and personalised needs of customers, manufacturing enterprises face the challenge of continuously adjusting their resource structure. This has led manufacturers to shift towards a smart cloud manufacturing mode in order to build highly flexible production logistics (PL) systems. In these systems, the optimal configuring of PL resources is fundamental for daily logistics planning and vehicle scheduling control, providing necessary resources for the entire PL segment. However, traditional resource configuration methods face limitations, such as incomplete information acquisition, slow response in resource configuration, and suboptimal configuration results, leading to high subsequent operational costs and inefficient logistics transportation. These issues limit the performance of the PL system. To address these challenges, the authors propose a digital twin‐based optimisation model and method for smart cloud PL resources. The approach begins with constructing an optimisation model for the PL system considering the quality of service for a cloud resource is constructed, aiming to minimise the number of logistics vehicles and the total cost of the PL system. Additionally, a DT‐based decision framework for optimising smart cloud PL resources is proposed. Alongside a DT‐based dynamic configuration strategy for smart cloud PL resources is designed. By developing a multi‐teacher grouping teaching strategy and a cross‐learning strategy, the teaching and learning strategies of the standard teaching‐learning‐based optimisation algorithm are improved. Finally, numerical simulation experiments were conducted on the logistics transportation process of a cooperating enterprise, verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and strategies. The findings of this study provide valuable references for the management of PL resources and algorithm design in advanced manufacturing modes.
Effect of potash alum nano on the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell
Authors: Jamil Taghreed N. , Khalaf Ali J. , Neamah Hussein Narimann , Abid Abojassim Ali
Published: November 2024

With the increasing demand for renewable energy and improving the efficiency of solar cells, it has become necessary to search for materials that help enhance the efficiency of converting light energy into electricity, one of these materials is potash alum. This study aims to study the effect of using Potash alum on the efficiency of the solar cell. The results showed that adding potash alum contributed to significantly improving the efficiency of the solar cell. This study confirms that potash alum can be a pivotal element in improving the efficiency of the solar cell and increasing energy production. The original efficiency of the PV cell was 18.05%. After using potash alum, the efficiency increased to 29.54% at a concentration of 7 mol/l, with a maximum current (I_max) of 42.73 mA and a maximum voltage (V_max) of 4.402 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.753.
Evaluation of the performance of heat sinks using metal shavings
Authors: Boynazarov Bekzod , Madaminov Javlonbek , Uzbekov Mirsoli , Ergashev Ilhom , Khusanboyev Abdulqosim , Arziyev Saydullo , Makhmudov Abdulrasul
Published: November 2024

This article examines the efficiency of heat sinks of solar air collectors (SAC) using metal shavings as an absorber. The main attention is paid to the different types of metal shavings and their natural colors that are formed during metal processing. The results of experiments to determine the heating temperature of metal shavings of different colors, grouped into light and dark shades, are presented. The studies were carried out under real conditions in the heliostat section of a large solar furnace. Experimental data showed that dark shades of chips (dark blue, slate and violet) have a higher heating temperature compared to light shades (pale yellow, light yellow and white). The article also discusses methods for measuring and calculating temperature indicators of chips, including colorimetric and optical methods. The results obtained indicate a significant influence of the color of metal shavings on the thermal efficiency of the SAC. The dependences of the influence of air flow on the temperature of chips of various colors are given and conclusions are drawn about the influence of these factors on the efficiency of SAC.
Efficiency of the heat sink of a solar air collector based on metal chips
Authors: Madaminov Javlonbek , Uzbekov Mirsoli , Boynazarov Bekzod , Mukhtorov Sherzod , Khusanboyev Abdulqosim , Arziyev Saydullo , Okhunjanov Zuhriddin
Published: November 2024

I The article discusses the efficiency of heat sinks of solar air heater collectors (SAHC), based on the use of metal shavings as an absorber. Various types of metal shavings, such as drainage, chipping and fracture, and their effect on the thermal efficiency of the SAHC are studied. The results of studies of various designs of air heaters using metal shavings and their comparative advantages compared to traditional flat heat sinks are presented. The principles of operation of SAHC with various absorber configurations, including corrugated surfaces and the use of small metal shavings, are outlined, and design features for increasing the efficiency of installations are described. Calculation methods and experimental data are presented that confirm the increase in efficiency due to an increase in the contact area and improved heat transfer. The main parameters influencing the thermal efficiency of the SAHC, such as the body size, tilt angle, ambient temperature and properties of the transparent coating, are considered. Calculations and analyses have been carried out showing that optimal opening angles of metal shavings and their combination with a corrugated surface significantly improve the absorption capacity and heat transfer in the solar heating system, which helps to increase the overall efficiency of solar air heating systems.
Increasing the efficiency of solar water heating installations with flat-flat collectors: Optimization of circuit solutions and mode parameters
Authors: Ismoilov Ma’murjon , Xatamova Zumradxon , Rustamov Ilhomidin , Xolmatov Shaxobidin , Arabboyev Xurshidbek , Ibragimov Navro‘zbek
Published: November 2024

This research paper provides an increase in the energy efficiency and reliability of self-draining solar plants by optimizing their hydrodimatic operating modes. Based on this goal, the objectives of the study were to analyze the existing methods of protecting solar collectors of water heating and hot water supply systems from freezing and to identify the most promising methods. Also, the identification of the regularities of the hydrodynamics of a self-draining solar circuit. The task of increasing the efficiency of flat solar collectors in heat supply systems by optimizing their operating parameters under conditions when their weight and size characteristics and parameters of heat engineering perfection, that have been worked out well enough in world practice is studied and reached the parameters close to their limiting values. The aim of the study is to identify the features of improving the efficiency of existing flat solar collectors in heating systems by optimizing their operating parameters that affect the average temperature of the absorbing heat exchanger. It is shown that increasing the efficiency of flat solar collectors in heating systems can be achieved by two ways.
An express assessment of the technical condition of an oil-filled power transformer using a simulation model based on the vibroacoustic parameters of the transformer tank
Authors: Ismoilov Ibrokhimjon , Boynazarov Bekzod , Uzbekov Mirsoli , Yusupov Dilmurod , Zoxidov Iqboljon , Xamrakulova Xilola , Kobilov Mirodil , Nasretdinova Feruza
Published: November 2024

Oil power transformers are the main device that ensures the reliability of power distribution in the electric power network. It is the only device for connecting electric power rings of any voltage. Long-term reliable operation of oil power transformers has a direct impact on the power system and can sometimes lead to accidents. The technical condition of oil power transformers depends on the technical parameters of their main components. In this paper, the results obtained in the oil power transformer tank under operating conditions, the generation theory and the simulation model are analyzed. As a result, an express evaluation of the technical condition of oil power transformers was carried out.
Mathematical modeling of carbon dioxide transfer in a local work zone during operation of a radiant heating system
Authors: Borisov Boris , Kuznetsov Geniy , Maksimov Vyacheslav , Nagornova Tatiana , Salikhov Felix
Published: November 2024

Mathematical modeling of heat transfer and carbon dioxide diffusion processes in a closed room with a working gas infrared emitter and air exchange system was performed. The distribution of CO2 produced by burning natural gas in the emitter and generated by an additional source was taken into account. Temperature fields, flow lines and CO2 concentration values were obtained at different air flow rates. The operating parameters of the systems for creating scheduled thermal conditions and air exchange were analyzed.
Numerical prediction of bioclimatic comfort level of urban development in street spaces
Authors: Meshkova Victoria , Filimonov Sergey , Dekterev Alexander , Vetrov Andrey , Shulzhenko Polina
Published: November 2024

This publication presents the results of predicting the bioclimatic level of comfort in the conditions of urban development using numerical modelling methods. The object of the study is the development of the campus of Perm State Research University, where there is a systematic activity of pedestrians in the street spaces between the academic buildings. Prediction of the comfort level of the environment was carried out for the summer period. Bioclimatic assessment was carried out using the indicator of equivalent-effective temperature. This indicator takes into account the complex influence of temperature, air humidity and wind speed on a person. The obtained results allowed us to determine that sufficiently comfortable conditions with permissible wind-temperature load on the human body are formed on the territory under consideration.
Intensification of heat exchange with a modified coolant in phase transition heat accumulators
Authors: Vankov Yuri , Ponomarev Roman , Timershin Azat , Sharafiev Dmitriy
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of experiments on intensifying heat transfer of a paraffin heat accumulator using nanomaterials. The purpose of the work is to create a laboratory stand to test the effectiveness of a heat accumulator using a nanomodified coolant. The paper presents information about phase transition heat accumulators, a description of the laboratory bench, and the results of experiments. During the study, results were obtained that allowed us to evaluate the positive effect of the introduction of nanomodifiers on the operating cycle of a heat accumulator.
Problems and perspectives of smart grids: Intelligent supply networks and Internet of energy
Authors: Korneeva Elena , Orozalieva Akima , Krayneva Raisa
Published: November 2024

The integration of intelligent supply networks and the Internet of Energy (IoE) represents a significant transformation in energy systems. This paper examines the evolving role of smart grids, emphasizing the collaborative efforts needed among governments, industries, and research institutions to enhance energy sustainability and resilience. We analyse the impact of energy management systems in smart grids, focusing on renewable integration, demand response, energy storage, grid security, and microgrid facilitation. Findings demonstrate the importance of regulatory frameworks in shaping smart grid evolution, addressing technical, economic, and social aspects to support a sustainable energy future. This research contributes valuable insights for stakeholders in energy economics and policy, highlighting the potential for smart grids to transform energy infrastructure for increased efficiency and sustainability.
Energy efficiency of timber-frame buildings in cold climates
Authors: Mestnikov Aleksey , Egorova Anastasia
Published: November 2024

Ensuring human life in harsh cold climate conditions is one of the priority objectives for the development of the Arctic states. Among numerous building structures used in the construction of energy-efficient buildings, wood-frame panels occupy one of the leading places in the world. They have inherent positive characteristics such as versatility, manufacturability, lightness, high thermal protection qualities and relatively low cost. The main features include a high dependence of their fire resistance and energy efficiency on the choice of materials and structures. In the paper to improve energy efficiency and fire resistance of timber-frame buildings the method of two-layer thermal insulation in permanent formwork made of non-combustible glass magnesite boards with the use of heterogeneous thermal insulation materials is proposed. These include polystyrene foam with a low coefficient of thermal conductivity and non-combustible insulating foam concrete. To substantiate the increase of energy efficiency of the enclosing structures, the results of thermal calculation are given, thermograms of field inspection of the quality of thermal insulation are shown. At rational selection of materials and construction the energy efficiency of the offered multilayer wooden-frame wall (thermal resistance 5.66 (m2 × °C)/W) is increased almost two times (by 1.82) in comparison with a single-layer wall from monolithic foam concrete of similar buildings in conditions of St. Petersburg. The results of experimental research on improving the technology of obtaining heat-insulating foam concrete with improved indicators of shrinkage deformation, strength and curing processes are presented.
Estimation of Klyuchevskoy Volcano Activity in 2023 based on the SESL’09 technique
Authors: Saltykov V. A. , Shakirova A. A.
Published: November 2024

In October 2023, Klyuchevskoy volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) erupted, when the height of the ash column reached ~15 km. The eruption was preceded by seismic activity. The dynamics of seismicity in the four most seismically active volumes of the subsoil beneath Klyuchevskoy volcano in the depth range of 4 km above sea level and up to 34 km was analyzed using the “Statistical Estimate of Seismicity Level” methodology – SESL’09. The most pronounced increase in seismicity with an exit to high and extremely high levels was manifested at a depth of 5–8 km 1–3 months before the appearance of lava in the crater of the volcano. The precursor effect detected 1–3 months before the eruption was caused by the redistribution of stresses in the medium containing the feeding magmatic system, the pressure in which varies depending on the conditions of accumulation or supply of magma. After the culmination phase of the eruption, seismic activity at depths of more than 20 km reached an extremely high level. This may be related to the end of the eruption.
The aquasoils humus of the Ussuri Bay in the Sea of Japan
Authors: Nesterova Olga , Kvashnina Anastasia , Brikmans Anastasia , Bovsun Maria , Semal Viktoriia
Published: November 2024

The study investigates the main characteristics humus of aquasoils (organic carbon, type of humus, content of humic and fulvic acids, E4/E6, acid-base properties, total nitrogen) in the Ussuri Bay shelf zone of the Sea of Japan. A strong (close) relationship is observed in organic carbon with carbon of humic acids and carbon of non-hydrolysable residue. The average content of organic carbon throughout the entire water area of the Ussuri Bay was 0.91%. Most of the water area of the Ussuri Bay is represented by a humate type of humus.
Methodological recommendations for entering foreign markets for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises
Authors: Ilkevich Sergey
Published: November 2024

The focus of the article is the problem of development of recommendations for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises on the use of models, approaches and strategies for entering foreign markets in order to improve the performance and competitiveness of their core business. Based on a theoretical review and a set of interviews with a focus group of 36 representatives of Russian agricultural enterprises companies responsible for business internationalization, the study suggests a number critical parameters and aspects which can be reflected in agricultural enterprises’ strategies and approaches to entering international markets. The conducted research generally confirms the applicability of three common models of entering foreign markets for agricultural enterprises – the organic path, the joint growth path and the born global trajectory, however, the interviewed experts note a number of important aspects that are more inherent to agricultural enterprises and should be taken into account in internationalization strategies and models. The study also found that for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises, the choice between direct and indirect export strategies presents a particular dilemma, since the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of these two strategies is very contextual due to the high specificity of both the agro-industrial industry itself and the configuration of opportunities and constraints in the domestic and international markets. The author emphasizes the significance of helping small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises to understand determinants and factors of internationalization.