bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Value of International Research Networks: An Evaluation of the International Cancer Screening Network of the US National Cancer Institute
Authors: Vogel Amanda L. , Puricelli Perin Douglas M. , Lu Ya-Ling , Taplin Stephen H.
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE

International research networks have the potential to accelerate scientific progress via knowledge sharing and collaboration. In 2018, the US National Cancer Institute evaluated the International Cancer Screening Network (ICSN), in operation since 1988.

METHODS

ICSN hosts a biennial scientific meeting and scientific working groups. A survey was fielded to 665 ICSN participants, and a bibliometric analysis was conducted for ICSN publications.

RESULTS

A total of 243 individuals completed the survey (36.5%). They reported that participating in the ICSN helped advance their knowledge of cancer screening research (75.7%), policy development (56%), and implementation (47.7%). Approximately three-quarters agreed that ICSN facilitated knowledge sharing and networking among researchers and implementers (79.9%) and those working on different continents (74.0%) and cancer sites (73.7%). More than half reported that participating helped them form new collaborations in screening implementation (58.0%) or research (57.6%). Most agreed that ICSN helped to advance screening research and evaluation (75.4%), effective screening practices (71.2%), and screening policies (60.9%). Many reported that participating informed advances in their own research (68.7%) and screening implementation (50.2%) and policies (49.4%) in their settings. Approximately two-thirds agreed that ICSN helped advance career development among current experts (66.6%) and train the next generation (62.2%). Half (51.4%) reported that participating advanced their own careers. The 20 ICSN publications included 75 coauthors. They were cited in 589 publications with more than 2,000 coauthors.

CONCLUSION

Findings provide evidence of the influence of ICSN on international knowledge dissemination, collaboration, and advances in cancer screening research, implementation, and policies and highlight the potential value of longstanding international research networks.
A small bioactive glycoside inhibits epsilon toxin and prevents cell death
Authors: Shivappagowdar Abhishek , Pati Soumya , Narayana Chintam , Ayana Rajagopal , Kaushik Himani , Sah Raj , Garg Swati , Khanna Ashish , Kumari Jyoti , Garg Lalit , Sagar Ram , Singh Shailja
Published: October 2019

Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (Etx) is categorized as the third most lethal bioterrorism agent by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), with no therapeutic counter measures available for humans. Here, we have developed a high-affinity inhibitory compound by synthesizing and evaluating the structure activity relationship (SAR) of a library of diverse glycosides (numbered 1-12). SAR of glycoside-Etx heptamers revealed exceptionally strong H-bond interactions of glycoside-4 with a druggable pocket in the oligomerization and β-hairpin region of Etx. Analysis of its structure suggested that glycoside-4 might self-aggregate to form a robust micelle-like supra-molecular complex due to its linear side-chain architecture, which was authenticated by fluorescence spectroscopy. Further, this micelle hinders the Etx monomer-monomer interaction required for oligomerization, validated by both surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and immunoblotting. This phenomenon in turn leads to blockage of pore formation. Downstream evaluation revealed that glycoside-4 effectively blocked cell death of Etx-treated cultured primary cells and maintained cellular homeostasis via disrupting oligomerization, blocking pore formation, restoring calcium homeostasis, stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane and impairing high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm. Furthermore, a single dosage of glycoside-4 protected the Etx-challenged mice and restored normal function to multiple organs. This work reports for the first time a potent, nontoxic glycoside with strong ability to occlude toxin lethality, representing it as a bio-arm therapeutic against Etx-based biological threat.
An open invitation to join the Pediatric Proton/Photon Consortium Registry to standardize data collection in pediatric radiation oncology
Authors: Lawell Miranda P. , Indelicato Daniel J , Paulino Arnold C , Hartsell William , Laack Nadia N. , Ermoian Ralph P. , Perentesis John P. , Vatner Ralph , Perkins Stephanie , Mangona Victor S. , Hill-Kayser Christine E. , Wolden Suzanne L. , Kwok Young , Chang John Han-Chih , Wilkinson J. Ben , MacEwan Iain , Chang Andrew L. , Eaton Bree R. , Ladra Matthew M. , Gallotto Sara L. , Weyman Elizabeth A. , Bajaj Benjamin V.M. , Baliga Sujith , Yeap Beow Y. , Berrington de Gonzalez Amy , Yock Torunn I.
Published: October 2019

Objective:

The Pediatric Proton/Photon Consortium Registry (PPCR) is a comprehensive data registry composed of pediatric patients treated with radiation. It was established to expedite outcomes-based research. The attributes which allow the PPCR to be a successful collaboration are reviewed.

Methods and materials:

Current eligibility criteria are radiotherapy patients < 22 years treated at one of the 15 US participating institutions. Detailed health and treatment data are collected about the disease presentation and treatment exposures, and annually thereafter, in REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture). DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) imaging and radiation plans are collected through MIM/MIMcloud. An optional patient-reported quality-of-life (PedsQL) study is administered at 10 sites.

Results:

Accrual started October 2012 with 2,775 participants enrolled as of 25 July 2019. Most patients, 62.0%, were treated for central nervous system (CNS) tumors, the most common of which are medulloblastoma (n = 349), ependymoma (n = 309), and glial/astrocytoma tumors (n = 279). The most common non-CNS diagnoses are rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 284), Ewing’s sarcoma (n = 153), and neuroblastoma (n = 130). While the majority of participants are US residents, 18.7% come from 36 other countries. Over 685 patients participate in the PedsQL study.

Conclusions:

The PPCR is a valuable research platform capable of answering countless research questions that will ultimately improve patient care. Centers outside of the USA are invited to participate directly or may engage with the PPCR to align data collection strategies to facilitate large-scale international research.

Advances in knowledge:

For investigators looking to carry out research in a large pediatric oncology cohort or interested in registry work, this paper provides an updated overview of the PPCR.
Incidental non-complicated posterior rectus sheath hernia
Authors: Connell Peter , Hennebry James , Alsanjari Senan , Chakravartty Riddhika , Sabala Mona
Published: October 2019

Posterior rectus sheath hernia is a truly rare finding, with only 11 documented cases since the first report in 1937. A posterior rectus sheath hernia is herniation of bowel and/or omentum through the posterior portion of the rectus sheath, but not through any other structure. This can only occur medial to the spigelian fascia, differentiating it from a spigelian hernia. Previous missed cases have led to complications such as bowel incarceration, obstruction or even strangulation and have required surgical intervention. In this case report, we describe an incidental finding of a non-complicated posterior rectus sheath hernia in an 83-year-old male. Annotated cross-sectional imaging provides anatomical context that is not widely available in the existing literature. Due to its rarity and potential complications, it is also important to report this case in order to enhance the evidence base for posterior rectus sheath hernia and to familiarize this uncommon condition to radiologists, clinicians and surgeons.
Full time occlusion VS part time occlusion in treatment of monocular amblyopia
Authors: Mehboob Mohammad Asim , Muhammad Shoaib , Farooq Muhammad Asad
Published: October 2019

Objective: To compare improvement in Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) by Full Time Occlusion (FTO) or Part Time Occlusion (PTO) technique in children with monocular amblyopia.

Methods: This randomized control trial was conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Gujranwala from April 2018 to June 2019. A total of 52 children, diagnosed with non-pathological ametropic amblyopia were randomly divided in two groups. Both underwent cycloplegic refraction and assessment of BCVA. Group A underwent FTO for eight weeks with patch removal only during sleep. Group B underwent PTO for eight weeks with patching done for six hours a day, out of which 1-2 hours were utilized in near work. Final BCVA was checked at eight weeks, and compared between two groups.

Results: Mean age of study population was 11.06±3.30 years. Mean BCVA before amblyopia treatment was 0.70±0.20 logMAR, and mean BCVA after eight weeks of amblyopia treatment in both groups was 0.29±0.18 logMAR. Difference in BCVA between both groups was statistically significant (p= 0.023). Mean improvement in lines on Snellen’s Visual acuity chart was 1.92±1.35 lines. In our study, 92% of children in FTO group and 66.6% of children in PTO group achieved BCVA of 6/12 or better.

Conclusions: Full time occlusion in children with monocular amblyopia results in greater improvement in BCVA as compared to part time occlusion of six hours per day.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1287

How to cite this:Mehboob MA, Muhammad S, Farooq MA. Full time occlusion VS part time occlusion in treatment of monocular amblyopia. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1647-1651. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1287

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Proceedings of International Conference on “Prescription for Wellness: Working Across Boundaries” held at Lahore Pakistan (August 2-3, 2019)
Authors: Jawaid Shaukat Ali , Imran Nazish
Published: October 2019

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1655

How to cite this:Jawaid SA, Imran N. Proceedings of International Conference on “Prescription for Wellness: Working Across Boundaries” held at Lahore Pakistan (August 2-3, 2019). Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1749-1763. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1655
Comparison of Intralesional Meglumine Antimonite along withoral Itraconazole to Intralesional Meglumine Antimonitein the treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Bashir Uzma , Tahir Moizza , Anwar Muhammad Irfan , Manzoor Faisal
Published: October 2019

Background & Objective: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in developing countries like Pakistan. Pentavalent antimonials are still drug of choice, despite being toxic and intolerable for patients. Second line treatments have been extensively studied but the results of their efficacy are conflicting. This, to our knowledge, will be the first study in this regard. Our objective was to  determine if combination of oral itraconazole with intralesional (IL) meglumine antimoniate (MA) reduces the duration of treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis, as compared to intralesional MA alone.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial (single blinded) was carried out from August 2017 till December 2017 on 69 patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria. They were assigned to Group-A or B by lottery method. Group-A patients received IL MA once a week while Group-B received oral itraconazole 200mg, once daily, for six weeks along with similar regimen of IL MA as Group-A. The patients were assessed every three weeks by the blinded assessor till clinical cure was achieved. A follow up visit, two months after clinical cure was done to look for relapse of the disease.

Results: Thirty patients in Group-A and 35 patients in Group-B completed the study. At 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks the patients were assessed for: no, partial or complete response and results of the two groups were compared for statistical significance. The p-values of 0.20, 0.57 and 0.11 at 3, 6 and 9 weeks, respectively, depict that there was no significant difference at any step of assessment between the two groups in terms of healing. The p values of each t test was >0.05 refuting the hypothesis.

Conclusion: Combination of oral itraconazole with intralesional MA offered no benefit over intralesional MA alone in the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis in terms of duration of therapy. 

Abbreviations Used: IL = Intralesional,  MA = Meglumine Antimoniate, LD = Leishmania Donovan, CL = Cutaneous leishmaniasis, CMH = Combined Military Hospital.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.363

How to cite this:Bashir U, Tahir M, Anwar MI, Manzoor F. Comparison of Intralesional Meglumine Antimonite along with oral Itraconazole to Intralesional Meglumine Antimonite in the treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1669-1673.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.363

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Serum Lipoprotein (a) levels in acute coronary syndrome; Comparison of younger and elderly patients with healthy controls
Authors: Hanif Sadaf , Akhtar Bilqees , Afzal Muhammad Naeem
Published: October 2019

Objective: To compare and see the association of serum Lipoprotein (a) levels in younger and older patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome compared to healthy controls

Methods: This case control study was conducted in department of cardiology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore from January to December 2015. Total 180 subjects (90 cases and 90 healthy controls, subdivided in 45 young and old in each group ≤/>45 years of age) were included in the study by non-probability purposive sampling. Patients presenting with acute coronary event and angiographically proven coronary vascular disease were considered cases while those with normal coronaries served as controls. Lp(a) was measured after ten hours fasting. Lp(a) >30 nmol/l) were considered as high. Data were entered and analyzed in SPSS 17. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the mean lipoprotein (a) in cases and controls.

Results: The mean age of cases and controls was 48.02 ± 10.90 & 45.89±10.09 years respectively. Lipid profile was similar in both cases and controls except triglycerides that were higher in controls (p=0.024). The mean lipoprotein (a) in cases was 47.03 ± 45.47 and in controls was 29.69±23.10 (p-value 0.001). Mean Lp(a) level was significantly high in cases vs controls in young subjects, (50.15±55.62 vs 25.75±15.84, p= 0.006), while in old ones, difference was not statistically significant (43.92±32.69 vs 33.64±28.22, p= 0.114). The frequency of desirable, borderline high, high, and very high Lp(a) levels in cases was 23(25.6%), 12(13.3%), 27(30.0%) and 28(31.1%), while in controls, it was 26(28.9%), 31(34.4%), 17(18.9%) and 16(17.8%), (p-value 0.003). Chi-Square test showed significant association of high Lp(a) with coronary artery disease in younger cases vs controls (P=0.004) with OR 3.65 but not in older (p-value 0.358).

Conclusion: Serum lipoprotein(a) is strongly associated with coronary vascular disease especially in patients younger than 45 years of age despite comparable LDL and HDL between cases and controls, making Lp(a) likely independent risk factor for coronary vascular disease.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.377

How to cite this:Hanif S, Akhtar B, Afzal MN. Serum Lipoprotein (a) levels in acute coronary syndrome; Comparison of younger and elderly patients with healthy controls. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1718-1723. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.377

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Practice to preach self-regulation: Use of metacognitive strategies by medical teachers in their learning practices
Authors: Mohammad Shabana Ali , Yasmeen Raheela
Published: October 2019

Objective: To explore use of metacognitive skills by medical teachers in relation to Zimmerman’s model of self-regulation.

Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted at Riphah International University from February 2017 to August 2017. A semi structured interview of ten medical teachers was planned to uncover the lived experiences of selected teachers to demonstrate how these teachers use metacognitive strategies in different phases of learning. Data was collected by asking five open ended questions after expert validation. Data was analyzed by using N-Vivo software.

Results: Total eight themes were extracted. For prediction and planning three themes, brainstorming, making concept map and sufficient time required were isolated while teachers selected learning objectives and level of students for resource selection while for motivation theme selected was previous experience. Two themes, self- questioning to improve the learning and extra effort required to meet the timeline were isolated for monitoring and reflection during and after learning for evaluation of learning process.

Conclusion: During forethought phase, medical teachers predict their learning process through learning objectives and plan after brainstorming to make a concept map and use suitable learning resources. During learning, they monitor learning process through self-questioning and put extra-effort to meet the deadlines. During and after learning, teachers reflect on their performance.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.550

How to cite this:Ali S, Yasmeen R. Practice to preach self-regulation: Use of metacognitive strategies by medical teachers in their learning practices. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1642-1646. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.550

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of Body Mass Index on respiratory parameters: A cross-sectional analytical Study
Authors: Bhatti Urooj , Laghari Zulfiqar Ali , Manzoor Syed Binafsha
Published: October 2019

Objective: To assess association of Body mass index (BMI) on respiratory parameters by performing spirometry in apparently healthy adults living in the district Jamshoro and Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Physiology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, Pakistan from January to September 2015. A total of 180 underweight, normal, overweight and obese participants, aged between 18 to 40 years were included in the study. BMI was calculated by measuring weight and height by BMI scale (RGZ-160) in standing position. Pulmonary parameters were determined by spirometry on Power lab (AD instruments). Pulmonary parameters were compared between subjects in different categories of BMI.

Results: Mean age of participants was 21.83±5.88 years and the mean BMI was 25.10±6.55 kg/m2. The study results revealed that except for FVC, which was not statistically significant (p=0.45) all other respiratory parameters were significantly different (p≤0.05) in all BMI categories. Mean FEV1/FVC ratio (93.1 vs. 90.3, 86.4 and 86.6 respectively) was highest among underweight as compared to overweight, obese and normal weight individuals. The mean VT was 1.22 vs. 0.90, 1.01 and 0.84 respectively, IRV was 1.04 vs. 1.18, 1.23 and 1.20 respectively, IC was 2.26 vs. 2.08, 2.25 and 2.05 respectively, VC was 2.63 vs. 2.42, 2.54 and 2.54 respectively, TLC was 2.98 vs. 3.03 vs. 3.18 and 3.17 respectively among underweight, overweight, obese and normal weight participants.

Conclusion: We found a significant association between body mass index and pulmonary function parameters. Obesity causes detrimental effects on respiratory system.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.746

How to cite this:Bhatti U, Laghari ZA, Syed BM. Effect of Body Mass Index on respiratory parameters: A cross-sectional analytical Study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1724-1729. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.746

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A treatment profile of Neonatal hyper-bilirubinemia in a tertiary health care hospital
Authors: Rithanya S. , Sheela D.
Published: October 2019

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, normally seen in 60% of term babies and 80% of preterm babies during the first week of life. Physiological jaundice appears between 30-72 hours after birth and eventually disappears on 10th day of life. Various reasons and risk factors are associated with jaundice. Eventhough, hyperbilirubinemia is not life threatening condition, the lack of timely treatment to newborns may lead to increased complications and death. The study was carried to identify the incidence, various aetiologies and treatment to hyperbilirubemic neonates. After obtaining, prior approval from ethical committee the study was initiated. The details of neonates admitted in neonatal wards during the year of 2017-2018 were collected from the Medical record department in a tertiary care hospital. The total number of live births in 2017-2018 was 1748 and 74 neonates were identified and treated for hyperbilirubinemia. The present study showed the incidence to be more in female babies than male babies. The female babies were about 55% and male babies were 44% . The preterm babies were 21% and term babies were 78%. The mode of delivery through LSCS was 56% and normal vaginal delivery was 43%. Hyperbilirubinemia seen in Multiparous was around 64% and in primiparous was around 35%. Majority of the newborns were in normal weights and physiological jaundice was the most common type of jaundice seen in newborns. Though, the recent techniques like Hour –Specific nanograms are available, the study indicates the necessity in educating mothers before delivery itself and introducing preventive steps, like pre-discharge assessment to reduce readmission and severity in newborns. The study finds a definite scope for further research and a need for easy techniques to early detection and treatment for the babies.
An Investigation for Enhancing Registration Performance with Brain Atlas by Novel Image Inpainting Technique using Dice and Jaccard Score on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Tissue
Authors: Faisal Fahim , Nishat Mirza Muntasir
Published: October 2019

This paper presents a novel approach of investigating registration performance of different Multiple Sclerosis (MS) affected brain tissues with brain atlas by image inpainting technique. MS is an immune-mediated disorder that develops from an interaction of the individual's genetics and unidentified environmental causes. In order to carry out medical diagnosis in proper time image registration plays a vital role. In this work, different MS lesions are introduced in healthy brain tissue in order to analyse and characterize according to their characteristics (T1 weighted image, T2 weighted image) because MS lesions create a strong bias in image registration process. Thus, image inpainting technique appears to be a handy tool to reduce the bias efficiently. It is evident that the proposed inpainting algorithm performs satisfactorily with a view to reducing the bias in the registration step. The overall performance of the technique is evaluated by utilizing Dice and Jaccard scores. MATLAB and FSL software are used to perform the simulation.
Antifungal Resistant in Non-Albicans Candida Species are Emerging as a Threat to Antenatal Women with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Authors: Hrishi Das Kanishka , Mangayarkarasi V. , Sen Maitrayee
Published: October 2019

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is caused by Candida species. It has been associated with impact on economic cost. Currently, Non-albicans Candida species are more resistant to azoles and get converted from harmless to pathogenic state due to several virulence factors. Monitoring of the antifungal susceptibility pattern is important to know the resistant pattern of Candida species. Thus the objective of this research was to the identification of Candida in species level and to evaluate the antifungal resistance pattern in Candida species isolated from the vaginal discharge of antenatal women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. This prospective study was done in SRM MCH & RC, Chennai, India, from March 2017 and December 2018. An aggregate of 342 vaginal swabs were gathered from antenatal women of symptomatic and asymptomatic VVC. Antifungal susceptibility test was done by the disk diffusion method as per the CLSI guidelines. A total of 112 Candida species were isolated from 342 high vaginal swabs. Out of 112 Candida isolates, 65 (58%) were Non-albicans Candida (NAC) and 47 (42%) were C. albicans. In this study, 103/112(91.6%) of Candida isolates had the highest sensitivity to voriconazole and 26/112(23.2%) of Candida isolates had the highest resistance to miconazole. NAC species are emerging as potential threats to cause infection and posing a therapeutic challenge. Early empirical antifungal therapy and further research to improve diagnostic, prevention and therapeutic strategies are necessary to reduce the considerable morbidity and mortality.
Incidence and Management of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody Interference in Monoclonal Gammopathy Monitoring
Authors: Liu Li , Wertz William J , Kondisko Anthony , Shurin Michael R , Wheeler Sarah E
Published: October 2019

Background

The treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) has been revolutionized by the introduction of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (tmAbs). Daratumumab, a human IgG1/κ tmAb against CD38 on plasma cells, has improved overall survival in refractory MM and was recently approved as a frontline therapy for MM. Work on tmAb interference with serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) during MM monitoring has failed to provide information for laboratories on incidence of interference and effective methods of managing the interference at a practicable level. We aimed to evaluate daratumumab and elotuzumab interference in a large academic hospital setting and implement immediate solutions.

Methods

We identified and chart reviewed all cases of possible daratumumab interference by electrophoretic pattern (120 of 1317 total cases over 3 months). We retrospectively reviewed SPE cases in our laboratory to assess clinical implications of tmAb interference before the laboratory was aware of tmAb treatment. We supplemented samples with daratumumab and elotuzumab to determine the limits of detection and run free light chain analysis.

Results

Approximately 9% (120 of 1317) of tested cases have an SPE and/or immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) pattern consistent with daratumumab, but only approximately 47% (56) of these cases were associated with daratumumab therapy. Presence of daratumumab led to physician misinterpretation of SPE/IFE results. Limits of daratumumab detection varied with total serum gammaglobulin concentrations, but serum free light chain analysis was unaffected.

Conclusions

Clinical laboratories currently rely on interference identification by electrophoretic pattern, which may be insufficient and is inefficient. Critical tools in preventing misinterpretation efficiently include physician education, pharmacy notifications, separate order codes, and interpretive comments.
Bienestar Espiritual de los Estudiantes de Enfermería
Authors: Fajardo Ramos Elizabeth
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Determinar el bienestar espiritual (BE) de estudiantes de enfermería en  una universidad pública del departamento del Tolima, Colombia.Método: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio, transversal. Muestreo a conveniencia constituido por 264 estudiantes de enfermería  de una  institución de educación superior de la ciudad de Ibagué- Tolima, a los cuales se les aplicó el instrumento SHALOM-3, para medir el bienestar espiritual (disonancia y armonía) en los dominios personal, trascendental, ambiental y comunal.  Resultados: La muestra fue constituida por mujeres  en un 63.6% (168),  solteros 90% (238)  y el 65% (172) con edades entre 16 y 21 años, de religión católica 66,5% (175),  con altos porcentajes en los niveles de armonía entre los dominios, utilizaron estrategias que fomentan el bienestar espiritual como la familia, estar feliz, tiempo para relajarse, la música y la espiritualidad en la vida.Conclusión Estos hallazgos podrían utilizarse para sentar las bases de un mayor apoyo en el fomento del bienestar espiritual de  los estudiantes de enfermería en aspectos en los cuales presentaron disonancia.
Relações interpessoais no trabalho da equipe de enfermagem
Authors: Da Silva Mariana Pereira , De medeiros Soraya maria , Sousa Yanna Gomes De Sousa , Araujo Marilia souto de , Silva Filipe André dos Santos
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: analisar as relações interpessoais estabelecidas pela equipe de enfermagem de um hospital. Método: pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva realizada em um hospital localizado na capital do Rio Grande do Norte. Participaram do estudo dezesseis profissionais de enfermagem, cujos dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e, em seguida, tratados por análise temática. Resultados: emergiu a categoria relacionamento interpessoal na visão da equipe de enfermagem a qual foi possível perceber a fragilidade nas relações interpessoais, na unidade do estudo. Conclusão: evidenciam-se a relevância na elaboração de estratégias que sejam facilitadoras do desenvolvimento de relações interpessoais dos profissionais de enfermagem no processo de trabalho.
Indización y estudio de la Gaceta Médico-Quirúrgica Jerezana (1871-1872)
Authors: Herrera-Rodríguez Francisco
Published: October 2019

En este artículo se estudian 12 números de la Gaceta Médico-Quirúrgica Jerezana, correspondientes a los años 1871 y 1872, publicada en Jerez de la Frontera por su fundador y director “Francisco Revueltas Carrillo Montel” (1839-1887). En esta revista se ofrecen historias clínicas de los Departamentos de Cirugía y Medicina del Hospital de Santa Isabel de Jerez, así como de la experiencia clínica privada de algunos autores, entre los que destaca el cirujano de El Puerto de Santa María Federico Rubio y Galí (1827-1902). Se aprecia en la revista la labor docente de carácter práctico realizada en esos años en el referido hospital, con algunos alumnos de la Facultad de Medicina de Cádiz, que publicaron sus experiencias clínicas en la Gaceta; aunque también sabemos que se formaron practicante y matronas en este hospital. La revista ofrece información estadística sobre el hospital, el hospicio, la casa de expósitos y el estado sanitario de la ciudad. Realizamos en nuestro trabajo un índice cronológico de los 12 números de la revista en el que se incluyen a los autores, los artículos y noticias publicadas.
Representaciones sociales del rol de la enfermera chilena en salud mental y psiquiatría 1960-1975: Una mirada histórica
Authors: Quiroz Reyes Jeannette Andrea , Rivas Rivero Edith
Published: October 2019

Introducción: la profesionalización de la enfermería psiquiátrica parte el año 1928 con la inclusión de la asignatura “Cuidados de enfermos mentales y nerviosos” en el currículum de la carrera de enfermería de la Universidad de Chile.Objetivo: develar las representaciones sociales respecto del rol profesional de las enfermeras en el Hospital Psiquiátrico en la década del 60Material y método: investigación cualitativa desde el paradigma constructivista, de tipo descriptivo, metodología histórica de revisión documental e historia oral. Las unidades de estudio fueron a) las enfermeras que trabajaron en el Hospital Psiquiátrico en la década del 60 y b) la revisión de documentos primarios. La recolección de datos consistió en entrevistas semiestructuradas y documentos históricos. El análisis se realizó por medio del método comparativo constante y se apoyó en el programa Atlas. Ti. Se aplicaron los criterios de rigor metodológico y los 7 principios éticos de Ezequiel Emanuel, proyecto con aprobación del Comité de Ética Científico.Resultados: Emergió 1 núcleo temático: la representación social. Como subcategorías: *Ideario Valórico en elección y desarrollo de carrera profesional; *Profesionalismo y determinantes sociales; *Cuidado Integral como respuesta social.Discusión:  Destaca el rol asistencial, delegación de procedimientos médicos.Conclusión: la enfermería profesional psiquiátrica se inicia en la década de los 60.
Análisis del proceso de divorcio como transición de salud según la teoría de las transiciones de Alaf Meleis.
Authors: Larrosa Domínguez Mireia , Tejada Musté Raquel , López Estela Sandra , Vives Relats Carmen
Published: October 2019

El objetivo general de nuestro estudio es analizar las transiciones producidas durante un proceso de divorcio, mediante la Teoría de las transiciones de Alaf Ibraim Meleis. Como objetivos específicos planteamos la identificación de los elementos que caracterizan la vivencia de la transición del divorcio y si esta vivencia es o no saludable para la persona.Realizamos un estudio de caso fenomenológico cualitativo en una persona que vivía un proceso de divorcio. Para recolectar los datos se utilizó una conversación en clima de confianza iniciada con la pregunta: “¿Estás viviendo un periodo de cambios?”. Se favoreció la libre narración y la expresión de inquietudes y sentimientos. El procesamiento de datos se realiza mediante análisis de contenido de la conversación transcrita, identificando la naturaleza, condiciones e indicadores de la transición de divorcio.Los profesionales de enfermería podemos y debemos realizar intervenciones dirigidas a proporcionar seguridad, autoestima y confianza en la persona inmersa en un proceso de divorcio. Se concluye que la teoría de las transiciones ofrece una perspectiva holística de la persona que experimenta una transición en su vida. De este modo, la teoría guía a la enfermera a promover en las personas respuestas saludables a la transición.
Laju Pertumbuhan Ikan Kerapu Bebek Cromileptes altivelis yang Dipelihara dalam Keramba Jaring Apung
Authors: Dody Safar , La Rae Dinawanti
Published: October 2019

Growth Rate of Humpback Grouper Cromileptes altivelis Cultured in Floating Net Cages. Humpback Grouper Cromileptes altivelis fish farming has good opportunities in the future, although still experiencing problems in its cultivation. One of the parameters that needs to be considered is the stocking density associated with the cage area. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate stocking density to generate optimum growth of Humpback Grouper cultivated in floating net cages. The study was conducted using the experimental method with 3 treatments and 3 replications. There were 9 cages used with the size of 1 x 1 x 1.5 m3 and a mesh size of 0.5 inches. The study was conducted in the waters of Banda Neira, Maluku, with the condition of the waters during the experiment, such as salinity which ranged from 33.2 to 34.6‰, water temperature ranged from 25 to 31°C, pH ranged from 7 to7.5, current speed 0.32–3.97cm/s, and water clarity was 14.29 to 20 m. The feed was trash fish given twice a day, in the morning and afternoon as much as 10% of total body weight of fish. After 4 months of cultivation, the absolute growth was best demonstrated by the treatment with stocking density of 25 fish/cage, which was 18.22 g, while the lowest (13.25 g) was shown by the treatment with stocking density of 75 fish/cage. The specific growth rate in the treatment of 25 fish/cage reached 1.34%/day, while the treatment of 50 fish/cage and 75 fish/cage reached 1.18%/day and 0.97%/day respectively.
Fluks CO2 di Perairan Pesisir Pulau Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Afdal Afdal
Published: October 2019

CO2 Flux in the Coastal Waters of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Coastal and marine areas play an important role in climate regulation by absorbing CO2 and exchanging carbon with various carbon storing compartments as the atmosphere, land and biota. This study aims to determine the exchange of CO2 between the sea surface to the atmosphere in the coastal waters of the island of Lombok and its components sink and source, and to know the parameters that influence the process. Field observation was carried out during April, 2012 in Sekotong Bay (10 Stations) and Kodek Bay (6 Stations).The partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in sea surface level, was calculated using ABIOTIC model of the ocean carbon cycle model intercomparison project phase-2 (OCMIP-2). The results showed that generally Kodek Bay waters and outside of Sekotong Bay act as a sink of CO2 from the atmosphere, while inside of Sekotong Bay act as source of CO2 to the atmosphere.CO2 flux in Sekotong bay waters and Kodek bay waters each ranging between -0.61 to 0.52 and -0.80 to -1.84 mmol.m-2.d-1 with an average of 0.05 ± 0.40 and -1.29 ± 0.40 mmol.m-2.d-1. Kodek Bay act as CO2 sink because influence by water mass from Lombok Strait that have high concentrations of nutrient and chlorophyll. The existence of seagrass and coral reefs that support small islands in the Kodek bay helped reduce elevated pCO2 water column and strengthen the absorption of CO2 in these waters. Sekotong bay inside, acts as a release of CO2, because the waters of the Sekotong bay tend to be closed, so that the residence time of water masses becomes longer resulting in enrichment of DIC and pCO2.
Moluska di Pulau Kabaena, Muna, dan Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Cappenberg Hendrik
Published: October 2019

Molluscs in Kabaena, Muna, and Buton Islands, Southeast Sulawesi. Kabaena, Muna, and Buton islands in Southeast Sulawesi waters have quite wide reef flats and rich in marine life, including molluscs. To determine the condition of mollusc communities in these waters, a study was conducted in May 2006 in five locations, namely Kabaena Island (2 stations), Muna Island (1 station), and the Buton Island (2 stations). The method used was transect squares starting from the beachfront perpendicular to the direction of the sea (the edge). From this study, 74 species of molluscs were obtained that consisted of 49 species of the class Gastropoda and 25 species of the class Bivalvia. Polinices tumidus, Engina alveolata, Vexillum sp., and Morula margariticola of the class Gastropoda and Gafrarium tumidum, Tellina sp.1, and Barbatia decussata of the class Bivalvia were molluscs that had a relatively large distribution. The highest mollusc density was found in Kalimbungu Bay (19.2 individuals/m2) and the lowest was in Lakeba (3.5 individuals/m2). Haelicus variegatus was a species that dominated the sand substrate in Kalimbungu Bay. The molluscs found in this study were common species in tropical waters. The value of species diversity index (H') ranged from 1.54 to 2.88. This value indicated the diversity of mollusc species was of moderate condition. Evenness index (J') ranged from 0.56 to 0.92 and dominance index (C) ranged from 0.08 to 0.40. Both values showed that the mollusc community in each study site was in a pretty good condition
Status Trofik Ikan Karang dan Hubungan Ikan Herbivora dengan Rekrutmen Karang di Perairan Pulau Pari, Teluk Jakarta
Authors: Wibowo Kunto , Abrar Muhammad , Siringoringo Rikoh Manogar
Published: October 2019

Trophic Status of Reef Fishes and Correlation between Herbivorous Fishes and Coral Recruitment in Pari Island Waters, Jakarta Bay. Species diversity and abundance of reef fishes is one of the indicators about the health of the reef ecosystem. Based on its trophic status, herbivorous fishes become an important group to control algae populations which are spatially coral competitors. This study aimed to determine the condition of reef fish species diversity in Pari Island waters and the relation between herbivorous fishes and coral recruitment. The study was conducted at five stations of coral reef ecosystems in Pari Island and surrounding areas in March 2014. Reef fish data collection was done by underwater observation using belt transects along 70 m length and 5 m width. Coral recruitment was recorded using transects of 1 x 1 m2, repeated 9 times. As many as 121 species of reef fishes belonging to 25 genera and 20 families were recorded. Pomacentridae, Labridae, and Chaetodontidae were three families with the highest species diversity. The abundance of herbivorous fishes varied among stations, from 4 to 52 individuals in each transect. Coral recruitment in Pari Island waters were low, i.e. 3.22 colonies/m2. However, the regression results indicated that the abundance of herbivorous fishes was positively correlated with the density of young corals. Herbivorous fish abundance and density of young corals in Pari Island waters have yet to show the maximum potential for reef recovery after damage. The low coral recruitment in the ecosystem of Pari Island waters was also caused by sedimentation, temperature, flow patterns, and salinity.
Environmental Condition and Trophic Status of Lake Rawa Pening in Central Java
Authors: Sulastri - , Henny Cynthia , Handoko Unggul
Published: October 2019

Due to continuous problems of eutrophication, Lake Rawa Pening has been included into the 15 priority lakes in Indonesia to be saved from damage. This study aimed to clarify the current environmental conditions and trophic status of Lake Rawa Pening as a basis to control the eutrophication. Sediment loads, water quality, and nutrient concentrations were measured in the tributaries of lake inflow, within the lake, and at the point of lake outflow. The study was conducted in May, June, July, and August 2013. Water transparency, temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen were measured in situ. Nitrogen, nitrate, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, TSS, and chlorophyll-a parameters were analyzed using standard method procedures. The Trophic State Index was used to determine the trophic state level. Hydroclimatological conditions showed that seasonally, fluctuation of water volume and discharge of lake followed the pattern of rainfall fluctuation. The sediment loads and nutrient concentration in the tributary inflow were more abundant than those in the lake  and  lake outflow. The results indicated that Lake Rawa Pening acts as sediment and nutrient sinks. Spatially and temporally, Lake Rawa Pening showed high variation of water quality. High concentration of nutrients observed during the wet and dry seasons indicated that the nutrients in the lake originated not only from external but also from internal sources. The overall results show that Lake Rawa Pening is a eutrophic lake, in which phosphorus seems to play a major role in causing eutrophication and massive growth of water hyacinth.
Analisis Pertumbuhan Bibit Bakau Rhizophora stylosa Griff. di Kawasan Rehabilitasi Mangrove Tanjung Pasir, Tangerang
Authors: Sastro Pramudji , Dharmawan I Wayan Eka
Published: October 2019

Growth Analysis of Rhizophora stylosa Griff. Seedlings in Mangrove Rehabilitation Area of Tanjung Pasir, Tangerang. Mangrove rehabilitation is urgently needed as an effort to preserve coastal plant ecosystems which are decreasing in Indonesia. It requires the preparation of good seedlings to support the rehabilitation efforts. The seedling of Rhizophora stylosa is suitable for being able to well adapt to the wide range of salinity and illumination. Research on the growth of R. stylosa seedlings was conducted in degraded mangrove areas in the coastal region of Tanjung Pasir, Tangerang, from August to November 2005. This research analyzes the growth patterns R. stylosa seedlings in two habitat types, i.e. the pond dikes and the green belts. A total of 100 seedlings were planted in each habitat with a spacing of 0.5 m. Seedling growth parameters such as the percentage of survival, height and diameter of the stem, and number of leaves were measured monthly. Twoway ANOVA analysis was conducted to determine the overall differences in the parameters between locations and time of observation, as well as its interaction. The results showed the percentage of survival of seedlings planted in the green belts was higher than in the pond dikes (p <0.05), while the growth of the height and diameter of the seedlings planted in the pond dikes was higher than those planted in the green belts. The number of leaves of seedlings planted in both habitats was not significantly different. The regression equation between seedling height (X) and stem diameter (Y) showed a high correlation (p <0.01) in the green belts, which is Y = 0,018X + 0.746 (R = 0.606). A strong correlation was found between stem height (X) and the number of leaves (Y) for the seedlings planted in the pond dikes by the regression equation Y = 0,156X - 2.968 (R = 0.501).
Validasi Potensi Tsunami Berdasarkan Estimasi Durasi Patahan dan Pemodelan Tsunami di Wilayah Barat Sumatra (Studi Kasus: Gempa Bumi Nias 2005 dan Mentawai 2010)
Authors: Khoiridah Sayyidatul , Ibad Moh Ikhyatul , Setyonegoro Wiko
Published: October 2019

Validation of Potential Tsunami Based on Rupture Duration Estimation and Tsunami Modeling in the West Sumatran Region (Case Study: Nias 2005 and Mentawai 2010 Earthquakes). This research was conducted in the earthquake areas in the West Sumatra to determine the characteristics of tsunami generation through estimation of rupture duration and modeling of tsunamis. The case studies were carried out at two incidents: earthquake in Nias on March 28, 2005 and in Mentawai on October 25, 2010. The purpose of this study was to estimate the characteristics of potential earthquaketriggering tsunamis in the western region of Sumatra based on the duration of rupture, which was then validated by a tsunami modeling. A method for validation was carried out by analyzing a potency of a tsunami based on the earthquake source (source modeling), the propagation of the tsunami wave (ocean modeling), and the height of the tsunami (run-up tsunami). The results showed the duration of the earthquakes in Nias rupture (2005) and Mentawai rupture (2010) were more than 50 seconds, thus, both earthquakes promoted tsunami. The results of tsunami propagation revealed that the tsunami had spread to some areas near the source of the Nias earthquake after 58 minutes and 20 seconds. The area affected by the Nias tsunami included the Salaut island, a section at northwestern Simeulue, a section at southwestern Simeulue, Babi island, Bangkuru island, Tuangku island, Singkil, Sarangbaung, Asu island, southwestern Lagundri Nias, and Northwestern Batu island. The highest tsunami hit Babi island with the magnitude of 13.80 m. Moreover, the tsunami affected the wider areas in Mentawai including the beaches of Batimonga, Ghobi, Tumale, Pasangan, Sabeugunggung, Malacopa, and Asahan with the highest value of run-up on Malacopa beach was 8.17 m.