bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Citizenship in Late Medieval Champagne: The Towns of Châlons, Reims, and Troyes, 1417–circa 1435
Authors: Lurie Guy
Published: July 2015

This article uses the registers of the municipal deliberations of Châlons, Reims, and Troyes to analyze citizenship in Champagne in the years 1417–circa 1435. People in these towns practiced citizenship and conceived of citizenship in at least three levels: town citizenship, Champagne citizenship, and French citizenship. Champagne and the towns at times decided their own courses of action, navigating the turbulent waters of the Armagnac-Burgundian conflict and the Franco-English conflict. These conflicts, and Champagne's position(s) in relation to them, allowed and emphasized active and self-conscious civic practices and ideologies in these three towns. These civic practices and ideologies existed not only at the obvious town level and at the traditional Champenois level but also at the greater French level. Such practices and ideologies were highly developed well before the second half of the fifteenth century, when some recent scholarship finds them in other towns in France.

Cet article utilise les registres des délibérations municipales de Châlons, Reims et Troyes pour analyser la citoyenneté en Champagne pendant les années 1417–35. Les habitants de ces villes pratiquaient la citoyenneté qu'il concevaient sur au moins trois niveaux : la citoyenneté municipale, la citoyenneté champenoise, et la citoyenneté française. La Champagne et les villes décidaient parfois de leur propre ligne de conduite, naviguant dans les eaux tumultueuses du conflit entre Armagnacs et Bourguignons et du conflit franco-anglais. Ces conflits, et les positions parfois multiples de la Champagne à leur égard, délibérées des pratiques civiques et des idéologies actives et autorisaient et accentuaient dans ces villes. Ces pratiques civiques et idéologies existaient non seulement au niveau superficiel de la ville, ou au niveau traditionnel champenois, mais aussi au niveau supérieur français. Ces pratiques et idéologies ont été fortement développées bien avant la seconde moitié du quinzième siècle, période durant laquelle une récente étude les a retrouvées dans d'autres villes françaises.
Discounted Life: Social Time in Relationless Japan
Authors: Allison Anne
Published: July 2015

The essay takes on recent news stories of “missing elderly” (elderly whose deaths go unrecorded) and “lonely death” (bodies discovered days or weeks after someone has died all alone) to consider how life, death, and the bonds/debts of social relationality are getting recalibrated in postcrisis Japan. In what has become a trend toward singular living and solitary existence—sometimes called Japan's “relationless society” (muen shakai)—those without human or economic capital are put at risk. The precarity of living/dying without a safety net of others is one sociological fact examined in this essay. But I also consider another: the emergence of new practices for postmortem care/memorial that relieve social intimates (notably family) of the responsibilities of tending to the dead. In an era where privatization and “self-responsibility” now extend to death, how does sociality get played out in an everyday limited to the present?
Living between Infrastructures: Commuter Networks, Broadcast TV, and Mobile Phones
Authors: Lamarre Thomas
Published: July 2015

This essay explores the relations between mobile phones (keitai), broadcast television, and the commuter train network in contemporary Tokyo. In contrast to accounts that emphasize synergy or seamless integration of these infrastructures, this essay looks at them in terms of polarized tendencies associated with specific infrastructures—vertical hierarchical integration with broadcast television, and horizontal heterarchical differentiation with the commuter network and mobile phones. The basic goal is twofold: to consider the lived experience of these two infrastructural tendencies (mobilism and broadcast) and to consider the intensive life that arises between them. Considering subjectivity not only in terms of “molar formations” (codes and ideologies) but also in terms of “molecular practices” (lived rhythms and daily activities) invites a tentative thesis about what is happening in the molecular experiences arising between infrastructures in Tokyo: not the destruction of everyday life but its ongoing transformation into anti-production.
Scalloped and Yorkie are required for cell cycle re-entry of quiescent cells after tissue damage
Authors: Meserve Joy H. , Duronio Robert J.
Published: July 2015

Regeneration of damaged tissues typically requires a population of active stem cells. How damaged tissue is regenerated in quiescent tissues lacking a stem cell population is less well understood. We used a genetic screen in the developing Drosophila melanogaster eye to investigate the mechanisms that trigger quiescent cells to re-enter the cell cycle and proliferate in response to tissue damage. We discovered that Hippo signaling regulates compensatory proliferation after extensive cell death in the developing eye. Scalloped and Yorkie, transcriptional effectors of the Hippo pathway, drive Cyclin E expression to induce cell cycle re-entry in cells that normally remain quiescent in the absence of damage. Ajuba, an upstream regulator of Hippo signaling that functions as a sensor of epithelial integrity, is also required for cell cycle re-entry. Thus, in addition to its well-established role in modulating proliferation during periods of tissue growth, Hippo signaling maintains homeostasis by regulating quiescent cell populations affected by tissue damage.
Correlation between General Physical Working Capacity and High- Precision Operations’ Visual Fatigue among Men and Women
Authors: Шардакова  , Shardakova E. , Ямпольская  , Yampolskaya E. , Матюхин  , Matyukhin V. , Елизарова  , Elizarova Valentina
Published: July 2015

Researches prove that precision operations staff demonstrates visual fatigue during the shift depending not only on visual

load, but on the level of general physical capacity. It is established that given the low level of physical capacity women

show greater visual analyzer changes than men during the shift. On-shift activities to increase the physical training level

are necessary to maintain work capacity.
Wet Air Cleaning of Inorganic Gases and Dust With Brush Gun
Authors: Губин  , Gubin A. , Суханов  , Sukhanov P. , Гавриленков  , Gavrilenkov A. , Бредихин  , Bredikhin P.
Published: July 2015

Brush type sprayer was applied to increase the efficiency of catching dust and inorganic gases. Molasses solution in various concentrations was used as an absorbent. Evaluation of capturing the model gas mixture components was carried out. The general scheme of air-purification unit is proposed.
Stochastic Target Games and Dynamic Programming via Regularized Viscosity Solutions
Authors: Bouchard Bruno , Nutz Marcel
Published: July 2015

We study a class of stochastic target games where one player tries to find a strategy such that the state process almost surely reaches a given target, no matter which action is chosen by the opponent. Our main result is a geometric dynamic programming principle, which allows us to characterize the value function as the viscosity solution of a nonlinear partial differential equation. Because abstract measurable selection arguments cannot be used in this context, the main obstacle is the construction of measurable almost optimal strategies. We propose a novel approach where smooth supersolutions are used to define almost-optimal strategies of Markovian type, similarly as in verification arguments for classical solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations. The smooth supersolutions are constructed by an extension of Krylov’s method of shaken coefficients. We apply our results to a problem of option pricing under model uncertainty with different interest rates for borrowing and lending.
Reconceptualizing Family Adaptation to Developmental Delay
Authors: Pedersen Anita L. , Crnic Keith A. , Baker Bruce L. , Blacher Jan
Published: July 2015

This study explores accurate conceptualization of the adaptation construct in families of children with developmental delay aged 3 to 8 years. Parents’ self-reported measures of adaptation and observed dyadic relationship variables were examined. Confirmatory factor analysis and longitudinal growth modeling were used to evaluate the nature of adaptational processes. Results indicate that adaptational processes vary across adaptation index, child developmental level, and parent gender. Adaptation indices did not load onto a single construct at any time point. Several adaptational processes remained stable across time, although others showed linear or quadratic change. The findings of the current study indicate that it is time for a change in how adaptation is conceived for families of children with developmental delay.
Relationship the level of internet addiction with personality traits of high school students
Lise öğrencilerinin internet bağımlılık düzeyinin kişilik özellikleriyle ilişkisi
Authors: Taş İbrahim , Ayas Tuncay
Published: July 2015

Internet that adds the differences to the lives of the people from day it entered into the life of mankind and will continue to add these differences in the next years, causes the emergence of some negative effects when it is used except its intended purpose. Internet addiction is regarded as one of these drawbacks. This study examines the relationship between internet addiction and personality traits of high school students. Participants consist of 927 students (female= 440, 47.5%; male= 487, 52.5%) from various high schools in the provincial center of İstanbul.  The ages of the students vary from 14 to 18 and the majority of them are 16 years old. The results of this study, which is realized to analyze the relationship between internet addiction and personal traits, indicate that personality traits such as extraversion and openness were negatively low level related to internet addiction whereas conscientiousness was positively low level associated. When the variables of personality traits are considered as whole, it can be observed that a low level and positive significant relationship (R= .22, p< .01) reveals between internet addiction and personality traits.

 

Özet

İnternet insanoğlunun hayatına girdiği günden itibaren insanların hayatına farklılıklar katmış ve bundan sonraki süreçte de katmaya devam edecek gibi görünmektedir. Ancak internetin amacı dışında kullanılması bireyin günlük hayatını olumsuz şekilde etkileyen bazı aksaklıkların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu olumsuzluklardan biri de internet bağımlılığı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu araştırmada lise öğrencilerinin internet bağımlılık düzeyinin kişilik özellikleriyle olan ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları İstanbul il merkezinde yer alan farklı liselerde öğrenim gören 927 öğrenciden oluşmuştur. Katılımcıların 440’ı (%47.5) bayan, 487’si (%52.5) erkektir. Öğrenciler 14 ile 18 yaşları arasında ve çoğunluğu 16 yaşındadır. İnternet bağımlılık düzeyinin kişilik özellikleriyle ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada internet bağımlılık düzeyinin kişilik özelliklerine göre farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. İnternet bağımlılık düzeyinin dışadönüklük kişilik özelliğiyle düşük düzeyde negatif ilişkili, özdenetim kişilik özelliği ile düşük düzeyde pozitif ilişkili ve yeniliğe açıklık kişilik özelliği ile düşük düzeyde negatif ilişkili olduğu görülmektedir. Kişilik özellikleri değişkenleri birlikte ele alındığında internet bağımlılığı ile pozitif, düşük düzeyde ve anlamlı ilişkili olduğu görülmektedir (R= .22, p< .01).
Intense Pulsed Light Sintering of Inkjet Printed Silver Nanoparticle Ink: Influence of Flashing Parameters and Substrate
Authors: Weise Dana , Mitra Kalyan Yoti , Sowade Enrico , Baumann Reinhard R.
Published: July 2015

Inkjet printing of various nanoparticle inks, made from silver or copper nanoparticles, and its transformation into solid functional patterns is of high interest in the field of printed electronics. Liquid materials can be deposited as defined patterns in selected areas with micrometer precision. To convert these printed liquid films, consisting of solvents, additives and nanoparticles, into solid functional patterns a post-treatment is required. To this date, many investigations report on various sintering techniques to achieve e.g. high conductivity from the printed conductive materials.

Direct thermal sintering (via furnace or hotplate) requires high temperatures, which makes it not suitable for sensitive polymeric substrates. The novel method of intense pulsed light (IPL) sintering opens the window of opportunity to convert liquid or dried metal layers into solid functional layers within milliseconds without damaging the thermally fragile polymeric substrate.

In this work we present and analyze the application of the IPL sintering on inkjet printed silver patterns on various flexible substrates, like Poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN), Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), Polyimide (PI) foils and paper.

A high dependency of the electrical and structural performance of the printed silver layers on the base substrate was observed when flashing with the IPL technique. Flashing parameters were varied and the resulting sheet resistance is presented.

With the analytical comparison of optical and electrical results, the flashing settings could be adapted to achieve highly conductive inkjet printed silver patterns on flexible substrates, when compared to other thermal sintering techniques. Furthermore the first integration of this post treatment methodology into semi-industrial roll-2-roll processing was successfully performed and will be demonstrated.
Growth and characterization of Titanium Niobium Oxide (TiNb2O7) thin films
Authors: Daramalla Venkateswarlu , Krupanidhi S.B.
Published: July 2015

Comprehensive studies were done on the growth and characterization of TiNb2O7 (TNO) complex oxide thin films by pulsed laser deposition for the first time. The TNO thin films were successfully grown on Pt(200)/TiO2/SiO2/Si(100) substrates. The structure, surface morphology and chemical properties of as-grown thin films were studied as function of deposition temperature, pressure and laser fluence. The GIXRD and HRTEM analyses revealed that the as-grown TNO films were in the monoclinic crystal structure and independent of laser fluence. The HAADF STEM elemental mapping confirms the uniform composition of Ti, Nb and O in TNO thin films. The atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning microscopy shows that, the surface morphology and microstructure of TNO films varied significantly with respect to experimental conditions. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy quantitative results indicated that the binding energies of Ti and Nb elements shifted towards right with increasing oxygen partial pressure. The effects of oxygen partial pressure and laser fluence on as-grown TNO films were studied.
Thermoelectric Properties of ZnO Thin Films Grown by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Kucukgok Bahadir , Hussain Babar , Zhou Chuanle , Ferguson Ian T. , Lu Na
Published: July 2015

Thermoelectric (TE) materials have gained renewed interests in last decades for both power generation and energy conservation from waste-heat harvesting. Research in the discovery of best TE materials such as, bulk materials, complex structures, and low dimensional play crucial role to achieve high efficiency TE materials. Wide bandgap materials like ZnO can be promising candidate for high efficiency TE power generation owing to its low-cost, nontoxicity, and stability at high temperatures. In this paper, room temperature TE properties of thin film ZnO grown by metal organic vapor deposition (MOCVD) are reported. TE properties of thin film GaN are also studied as reference to that of thin film ZnO. Moreover, high resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD), room temperature photoluminescence (PL) with deep ultraviolet (DUV) spectroscopy (excitation at 248nm), hall effect, and thermal gradient methods have been employed to investigate the effect of structural, optical, electrical, and thermal properties of the samples, respectively. The effect of doping concentrations and structural defects on Seebeck coefficients of thin film ZnO are systematically studied and discussed in this work.
Human-Facade-Interaction: Constructing Augmented Reality Simulations for Co-Optimizing Dynamic Building Skin Performance
Authors: Krietemeyer Bess , Andow Brandon C. , Dyson Anna H.
Published: July 2015

Architectural design research in next-generation building systems is transforming dynamic building envelope performance towards systems that not only meet the energy demands of buildings but also respond to occupant preferences for aesthetics, comfort and control. Although research provides tremendous potential for future systems, existing tools and methods of evaluation primarily focus on energy efficiency and continue to postpone human factors issues. In order to assess the architectural opportunities of nano- and micro-material innovations for building facades, new simulation methods are needed to predict and program their multifunctional performance capabilities, particularly in relationship to human interaction. This paper describes the construction of augmented reality simulations and preliminary experimental results of co-optimizing advanced building skin performance according to multiuser interaction and bioclimatic response. The strengths and limitations of the augmented reality simulations in relation to environmental performance and human interaction are presented. A discussion of ongoing work focuses on the integration of multiuser interactions and virtual reality techniques coupled with whole-building energy modeling methods.
Nanostructured Antireflection Coatings for Optical Detection and Sensing Applications
Authors: Pethuraja Gopal G. , Welser Roger E. , Zeller John W. , Puri Yash R. , Sood Ashok K. , Efstathiadis Harry , Haldar Pradeep , Dhar Nibir K. , Wijewarnasuriya Priyalal
Published: July 2015

Optical components such as lenses, glass windows, and prisms are subject to Fresnel reflection due to the mismatch between the refractive indices of the air and glass. An optical interface layer, i.e., antireflection (AR) layer, is needed to eliminate this unwanted reflection at the air/glass interface. Nanostructured broadband and wide-angle AR structures have been developed using a scalable self-assembly process. Ultra-high performance of the nanostructured AR coatings has been demonstrated on various substrates such as quartz, sapphire, polymer, and other materials typically employed in optical lenses. AR coatings on polycarbonate lead to optical transmittance enhancement from approximately 90% to almost 100% for the entire visible, and part of the near-infrared (NIR), band. The AR coatings have also been demonstrated on curved surfaces. AR coatings on n-BK7 lenses enable ultra-high light transmittance for the entire visible, and most of the NIR, spectrum. Nanostructured oxide layers with step-graded index profiles, deposited onto the optical elements of an optical system, can significantly increase sensitivity, and hence improve the overall performance of the system.
EVALUACIÓN DE FACTORES DE RIESGO CON INFLUENCIA EN LOS RETORNOS DE LOS ACTIVOS DE LA CANASTA COLCAP EN COLOMBIA, 2009-2012
Authors: Carmona MUñoz Diana Milena , Vera Leyton Marcos
Published: July 2015

La investigación tiene como propósito evaluar los potenciales factores de riesgo con influencia en los retornos de los activos en el mercado accionario colombiano bajo el desarrollo del modelo de tres factores de Fama & French, el cual postula que el retorno esperado de las carteras es explicado por la sensibilidad de factores como  el mercado, un factor tamaño y la relación ratio libro/bolsa. El desarrollo de la investigación se lleva a cabo través de  un tipo de metodología cuantitativa no experimental de corte transversal utilizando un modelo multifactorial de variables microeconómicas (modelo Fama & French), a través del cual se toman las acciones que cotizan en el mercado local representadas a través de índices COLCAP en los periodos 2009-2012. La conclusión principal se fundamenta en que son los factores mercado y tamaño de las empresas (SMB), los más influyentes en el comportamiento de los retornos de los activos.
ANALISIS DEL COMPORTAMIENTO ESTRATÉGICO Y EL DESEMPEÑO ORGANIZACIONAL EN LAS PYME DEL CENTRO DE TAMAULIPAS EN MÉXICO
Authors: Sánchez Tovar Yesenia , Zerón Felix Mariana , Mendoza Cavazos Guillermo
Published: July 2015

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el comportamiento estratégico adoptado por las PyMEs del centro de Tamaulipas en México basado en la tipología de estrategia definida por Miles y Snow (1978). Así mismo se analiza si existen diferencias entre el tipo de estrategia adoptada y el desempeño organizacional de las empresas. Para ello se aplicó el cuestionario propuesto por Aragón (1996) a 84 empresas PyME mexicanas examinándose las dimensiones que conforman la estrategia empresarial y a través de un análisis por conglomerados se clasificaron las empresas obteniéndose que el 28.5% adoptan un comportamiento estratégico reactivo frente a un 22.6% de empresas que adoptan un comportamiento explorador,  un 21.4% y 27.5% de empresas con comportamiento analizador y defensivo respectivamente. Los resultados denotan que no existen diferencias significativas entre el comportamiento estratégico y el desempeño empresarial medido por las variables financieras ROI, ROA y Margen de Utilidad.
COOPERACIÓN E INTEGRACIÓN EN LA GESTIÓN DE LA CADENA DE SUMINISTROS EN PYMES DEL CALZADO EN LA CIUDAD DE BOGOTÁ
Authors: Álvarez Marín Nelson , Trujillo Trujillo John
Published: July 2015

El artículo sintetiza los resultados de la investigación Grados de cooperación e integración en la gestión de la cadena de suministros para las Pymes del calzado en El Restrepo en Bogotá. El objetivo se centró en estudiar las intensidades de la integración y la cooperación productivo/empresarial asociadas a la fabricación y comercialización de calzado. Se desagrega el documento en la problematización; seguido de los asuntos de articulación entre método/metodología; el análisis de los resultados y las conclusiones. Se asumió un método cuantitativo/cualitativo, a partir de abordar las Pymes desde los planos racional económico, socio-psico-cultural y sistémico-complejo. Para ello se adoptó un enfoque teórico desde la propuesta de los sistemas sociales y de la teoría empresarial de cadena de suministro y de gestión de la cadena de suministro. Se determinó como resultado del trabajo la existencia de una débil cadena de integración en la aglomeración, lo que conlleva bajos niveles de competitividad para afrontar los cambios del mercado en un contexto de globalización económica.
Briefing: Retaining blind access in town streets and shared spaces
Authors: Bates David M.
Published: July 2015

This briefing paper is intended to provide information and guidance to planners, highway engineers and other practitioners on the design criteria that determine whether or not a streetscape area will be accessible to blind people. In this document ‘blind’ refers to people who have very little or no sight, who should not be confused with people who are visually impaired, who will have some degree of useful vision.
Dental Caries Status, Socio-Economic, Behavioral and Biological Variables among 12-Year-Old Palestinian School Children
Authors: Sgan-Cohen HD , Bajali M , Eskander L , Steinberg D , Zini A
Published: July 2015

There are currently inadequate data regarding the prevalence of dental caries and its associated variables, among Palestinian children. Aim: To determine the current prevalence of dental caries and related variables, among Palestinian children in East Jerusalem. Study design: A stratified sample of 286 East Jerusalem Palestinian children was selected, employing randomly chosen sixth grade clusters from three pre-selected socio-economic school groups. Dental caries was recorded according to WHO recommendations. Salivary flow, pH, buffer capacity and microbial parameters, were recorded according to previously employed methodologies. Results: The mean level of caries experience, by DMFT, was 1.98 ± 2.05. This level was higher than those found among Israeli children, but lower than several other Middle Eastern countries. In uni-variate analysis, significant associations were revealed between caries and school categories, which indicated lower, middle and higher socio-economic position(SEP), mothers’ employment, home densities, dental visits, tooth brushing, Streptococci mutans (SM), Lactobacilli (LB), and saliva pH. Conclusion: According to a linear logistic regression model, children learning in lower SEP schools, with higher SM levels and more acidic saliva, had a higher chance of experiencing dental caries. These findings should be considered in the planning of services and dental health care programs for Palestinian children.
Hark what discord follows
Authors: Linklater Ian
Published: July 2015

"Richard II" is the first play in the second Tetralogy or group of plays broadly about the history of England from 1399 to 1415. It is followed by the two parts of Henry IV and climaxes in the so-called English Epic play Henry V. The first Tetralogy, obviously written before, comprises the three parts of Henry VI and culminates in "Richard III" and deals with the period of the Wars of the Roses from 1420 to the accession of Henry Tudor in 1485, which final date marks the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty.
Virginia Woolf's To the lighthouse: the concept of androgyny
Authors: Gazolla Ana Lúcia Almeida
Published: July 2015

The purpose of this paper is to present, in the novel To the Lighthouse, the development of one of Coleridge's concepts: “The truth is a great mind must be androgynous”.
Feminist epistemology Piercy’s Woman on the edge of time
Authors: Maciunas Billie
Published: July 2015

Sandra Harding's view of science as a social activity leads her to propose critical interpretation as a mode of knowledge-seeking particularly useful for theorizing "the effects on the natural sciences of gender symbolism, gender structure, and individual gender." I have chosen Piercy's novel, Woman on the Edge of Time, with a view toward discovering how a contemporary American feminist writer envisions a non-gendered society. Specifically, I will examine some of the ways in which Piercy's imaginary culture relates to Harding's discussion of feminist epistemologies that are emerging as a response to sexist, classist and racist policies in science. A visão de Sandra Harding da ciência como uma atividade social, leva-a a propor uma interpretação crítica como um modo de conhecimento particularmente útil para teorizar "os efeitos nas ciências naturais de simbolismo de gênero, estrutura de gênero, e gênero individual." Escolhi o romance de Piercy, Woman on the Edge of Time, com o objetivo de descobrir como a escritora feminista contemporânea vê uma sociedade isenta de gênero. Especificamente, examinei algumas formas em que a cultura imaginária de Piercy relaciona-se com a discussão das epistemologias feministas de Harding, que estão emergindo como uma resposta a políticas sexistas, classistas e racistas.
Second language teaching: a semiotic approach
Authors: Bopry Jeanette
Published: July 2015

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of semiotics to the instruction of language, particularly foreign or second language. The first section of this paper will deal primarily with what semiotics is an its implications for education. The second section will consider criteria suggested by semiotics by which methods of language instruction can be evaluated and discuss applications to the classroom. The final section will deal with teacher training suggested by a semiotic approach to language instruction. In this approach, semiotic criteria would be used primarily as an evaluative tool to determine whether methods and techniques are viable. This is an approach to language instruction; there is no prescriptive semiotic curriculum. Este artigo discute a aplicação da semiótica ao ensino de língua, especialmente língua estrangeira ou segunda língua. A primeira parte lidará com o conceito de semiótica e suas implicações para a educação. A segunda parte analisará critérios sugeridos pela semiótica através dos quais se possa avaliar métodos de ensino, bem como suas aplicações em sala de aula. A parte final apresentará possíveis aplicações da abordagem semiótica de ensino de língua no treinamento de professores. Nessa abordagem, critérios semióticos seriam utilizados como instrumento para avaliar a viabilidade de métodos e técnicas. Trata-se de uma abordagem de ensino de língua; não há, em termos semióticos, um currículo prescritivo.
The bear in the bush
Authors: Resende Aimara Da Cunha
Published: July 2015

This study discusses the different use of duplication in the structuring of ideological stances in A Midsummer Night’s Dream. Linear duplication reinforced by classical motives and techniques forms the delimitation characteristic of Renaissance art while voicing the ideals of the status quo. On the other band, not seldom simultaneously, a complex play of mirrors brings about the effusion and blurred contours of Baroque art and ironically destroys the established artistic and social ideals of the time, introducing doubt and a sense of relativity. Este estudo discute o uso diferenciado da duplicação no processo de construção de Sonho de uma Noite de Verão. A duplicação linear, reforçada por motivos e técnicas clássicas, forma a delimitação característica da arte renascentista enquanto expressa os ideais do status quo. Por outro lado, e não raro, um complexo jogo de espelhos leva à efusão e aos contornos indistintos da arte barroca, destruindo ironicamente os ideais artísticos e sociais vigentes, introduzindo a dúvida e a relatividade.
Huck and 'Sivilization'
Authors: Burns Thomas LaBorie
Published: July 2015

Mark Twain s major novel has been read as an opposition between life on the Shore and life on the River. This paper expands on that opposition to discuss a set of categories (home, family, education, wealth, companions, national mode, and ethics) in relation to the contexts of Nature and Civilization. O principal romance de Twain tem sido interpretado como uma oposição entre a vida na terra e a vida no rio. Este trabalho usa esta oposição básica para apresentar um conjunto de categorias (lar, família, educação, riqueza, companheiros, modo nacional e ética) em relação aos contextos da Natureza e Civilização.
Fausto: redenção ou salvação? O tratamento do tema em quatro obras: Volksbuch, Marlowe, Lessing e Goethe
Authors: Fuhr Gerhard
Published: July 2015

O espírito fáustico alimenta a fantasia do homem, sobretudo na transição da Idade Média para a época moderna; ou seja, o fenômeno do conjurador ou aliado do demônio tem inspirado o homem desde o inicio da época cristã. O ponto em comum desta tradição é:
Leonard Woof, novelist
Authors: Oliveira Solange Ribeiro de
Published: July 2015

It would perhaps be fair to say that we have most of us got into the habit of thinking of Leonard Woolf as no more than Virginia Woolf’s husband, the man who sheltered her from the more prosaic and dangerous aspects of the business of living, gave her everything (not to get much in return, some would argue), and thus made possible the unhindered flourishing of their literary genius.
An error analysis of the translation of English complex NPs
Authors: Campos Ciomara Ferreira
Published: July 2015

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The quest for the human: characterization in T. H. White's The Once and Future King and The Book of Merlyn
Authors: Valle Maria Luiza Cyrino
Published: July 2015

This work is an analysis of characterization in T. H. White's version of the Arthurian Legend , a tetralogy entitled The Once and Futune King and a fifth novel, The Book of Merlyn, which waspublished posthumously. The first part of this study presents an outline of the legend up to and including Sir Thomas Malory's text, which is the basic source for T. H. White's Arthurian series. The second part deals with the novels which constitute the tetralogy: The Sword in the Stone, The Queen of Air and Darkess, The Ill-made Knight and The Candy in the Wind,and also with The Book of Merlyn. More emphasis is given to The Sword in the Stone, the first novel of the tetralogy , which narrates the boyhood of King Arthur under the guidance of Merlyn, since it is White's original contribution to the legend and for its bearing on the other novels. Characterization is discussed as it becomes a thematic vehicle for White's contemporary preoccupation with the search for identity. Tne quest for the human is at the same time a theme andthe basis of the process of characterization used by T. H. White.
Allen Ginsberg: through the gates into freedom
Authors: Carvalhaes Augusta Maria Vono
Published: July 2015

The aim of this work is to analyse the roots of tradition in contemporary American poetry. With that purpose we have used Allen Ginsberg's poetical production, especially his poem "Howl," to represent the result of William Brake's and Walt Whitman's revolutionary plea to the poets of future generations. The gate symbol we use in the text represents the opening up to the "poets to come" leading to a higher degree in the freedomof expression in poetry.
Descensus ad inferos: the myth of the hero's descent to the underworld
Authors: Burns Thomas Laborie
Published: July 2015

This study examines the widespread myth of the hero in the underworld in diverse contexts. In the first part of the paper,after, a brief examination of the myth in Greek mythology, severalancient literary texts in which the underworld descent occurs are analysed. Recurrent motifs and imagery are examined in theirpoetic and psycho-social meanings. The second part of the paperconcentrates on the underworld descent as an episode in Homer'sOdyssey and Joyce's Ulisses. The comparison of the descent in these two episodes focuses on both thematic considerations, to relate theepisode to other underworld descents, and narrative questions, torelate the episode to the work of which it forms a part. Ancientand modern approaches to myth and its uses are summarized in theconclusion and an appendix discusses the underworld descent in20th century literature.
Sobre a passiva em alemão
Authors: Mendes Eliana Amarante de Mendonça
Published: July 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho é a análise da passiva processual (passiva werden) do alemão, de acordo com a teoria transformacional "standard", como esboçada em Chomsky (1965) - Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Apresenta-se, primeiramente, o tratamento tradicional da passiva em alemão. Em seguida é feita a caracterização dos três tipos de passiva, de acordo com os dados observados na estrutura superficial. É então feita a análise transformacional desses três tipos, concluindo que a análise dada em Chomsky (1965) só é adequada para o tipo I (passiva de verbos transitivos diretos) e que a proposta de Chomsky (1970) dá conta, não só do tipo I, mas também do II (passiva de verbos transitivos indiretos) e, aparentemente, do tipo III (passiva de verbos intransitivos absolutos). Finalmente, são aventadas duas hipóteses quanto a este último tipo de estrutura: a hipótese I, segundo a qual estas estruturas são realmente passivas, resultantes da aplicação de somente uma das operações envolvidas no processo de passivização; a hipótese II, segundo a qual estas são estruturas ativas, possivelmente com sujeito indeterminado, sem significado passivo. Conclui-se pela validade da hipótese II e, consequentemente, pela existência em alemão de somente dois tipos de passiva, processo sintático em que estão envolvidas duas operações, a saber, Posposição do Agente e Inserção de werden-en.
Metáfora em psicolinguística: debate
Authors: Pontes Eunice
Published: July 2015

Quero agradecer ao professor Harris ter-me fornecido o texto de seu trabalho com antecedência, de modo que eu pude refletir sobre ele.
Orwell: between fact and fiction
Authors: Aguiar Cleusa Vieira de
Published: July 2015

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Über Schelme und Lügner in den Humoristischen Erzälungen von Siegfriend Lenz
Authors: Kux Hedwig
Published: July 2015

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Willian Golding and the Nobel Prize
Authors: Oliveira Solange Ribeiro de
Published: July 2015

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Willian Golding's 'Pincher Martin'
Authors: Burns Thomas Laborie
Published: July 2015

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"Das ist gut Deutsch geredet!": observações sobre o estilo
Authors: Kux Hedwig
Published: July 2015

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Política e filosofia de extensão da Faculdade de Letras: o Laboratório de Tradução
Authors: Vieira Else Ribeiro Pires
Published: July 2015

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Kafka na colônia penal
Authors: Casa Nova Vera Lúcia
Published: July 2015

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Paul Celan: a realidade não é, precisa ser conquistada
Authors: Benn-Ibler Veronika
Published: July 2015

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Tragedy and elements in Murder in the Cathedral
Authors: Tolentino Magda Velloso Fernandes de
Published: July 2015

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A reading of What Maisie Knew
Authors: Mello Maria da Conceição Magalhães Vaz de
Published: July 2015

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Tragic elements in Death of a Salesman in the light of Oedipus the King
Authors: Lage Maria Helena Lott
Published: July 2015

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The new matter of Britain: T.H. Whit's The Sword in the Stone
Authors: Valle Maria Luiza Cyrino
Published: July 2015

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Depoimento sobre a tradução de The Piggle
Authors: Martins Rosa De Lima Sá
Published: July 2015

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The elegy as a separate genre in English Literature: Milton's "Lycidas" and Dylan Thomas' "Fern Hill"
Authors: Diniz Thaïs Flores Nogueira
Published: July 2015

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Irony and reversal in Macbeth: the question of ambiguity
Authors: Gazolla Ana Lúcia Almeida
Published: July 2015

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Migration and quest: a study of the journey motif in Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath
Authors: Lima Sandra Giffone Pellizzaro
Published: July 2015

This work is an analysis of the journey motif in John Steinbeck's novel The Grapes of Wrath. In the first part, the process of migration is discussed in its general causes and characteristics, as well as in its symbolic relation to man's archetypal quest for the discovery of himself. The second part deals with the characters, their individual stories, and the family's struggle for survival. The third part focuses on the symbolic texture of the novel, in special the Biblical associations, the myth of Edenic possibilities, and the main images which appear in the text. The fourth part deals with the reversal of the American Dream, represented by the failure of the Joads' search. The journey is then seen in its twofold role: as a motif which gives structural cohesion to the plot, and as a vehicle for the projection of the theme of the quest.
The savagery of words: linguistic domination and identity in Christopher Hampton's Savages
Authors: Gazolla Ana Lúcia Almeida
Published: July 2015

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The intentional fallacy: a challenge to literary criticism
Authors: Vilela Lúcia Helena De Azevedo
Published: July 2015

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Hester Prynne and Isabel Archer: two women seeking freedom to be themselves
Authors: Lage Maria Helena Lott
Published: July 2015

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James Joyce's Home
Authors: Gilberti Miriam Rodrigues
Published: July 2015

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The poet as a "liberating god" in 19th century American literature
Authors: Renaux Sigrid
Published: July 2015

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J. G. Ballard's Parable of Civilization
Authors: Burns Thomas LaBorie
Published: July 2015

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Reflexões sobre relações entre nações, interrelação língua/cultura e ensino de línguas estrangeiras
Authors: Bastos Herzila Maria De Lima
Published: July 2015

Este artigo se propõe a ser uma base de questionamentos e não uma pesquisa concluída sobre o assunto aventado no títuIo. Primeiramente, discute-se a relação de dependência e de falta de confiança em termos culturais que marcam os países de terceiro mundo em relação aos países desenvolvidos. Em seguida, aborda-se a questão da interrelação língua/cultura, em forma de questionamento. Até que ponto uma língua expressa uma cultura? O que acontece quando se ensina uma língua estrangeira a uma pessoa? Num terceiro momento, remete todos os pontos considera dos no trabalho ã postura do professor face a eles. Qual a posição do docente frente a essas questões? Existe uma postura? Uma série de perguntas são levantadas. Finalmente, a autora expressa sua opinião. This paper aims at being a moment of questioning rather than a research about the topic expressed in the title. At first, the writer deals with the feelings of dependence and lack of self-confidence in cultural terms that mark the relationship between underdeveloped and developed countries. Then, she questions the interrelation between culture and language. To what extent does a language express the culture of the people that speaks it? What really happens when a foreign language is taught to a person? As a third step, the writer deals with all the topics mentioned previously but now the teacher is considered, i.e., the questioning now is: what is the attitude of the teacher in relation to each one of these topics? Several questions are raised. Finally, the writer expresses her opinion.
The mirror in the mirror in the mirror
Authors: Jeha Júlio César
Published: July 2015

This is an analysis of the mise en abyme effect in E.A. Poe's "The fall of the house of Usher." The paper starts with the identification of the Nietzschean concepts of the Apollinian and Dionysian facets of art, relates them to Gnostic forces of attraction and repulsion, and then compares them to elements of Poe's philosophy of composition. The paper goes on to point out a pre-Formalist notion of arrangement in Poe, and eventually focuses on the mirroring effect which is central to the tale. André Gide'8 comments on mise en abyme, and Lucien Dallenbach's study of Gide's concept, are submitted to close scrutiny. This examination shows that both the French writer and the systematizer of his ideas were wrong when they dismissed "The fall of the house of Usher" as an imperfect example of mise en abyme.Esta é uma análise do efeito de mise en abyme no conto "The fall of the house of Usher," de E.A. Poe. O artigo começa com a identificação dos conceitos nietzscheanos das facetas apolínea e dionisíaca da arte, relaciona-as às forças gnósticas de atração e repulsão, e então compara-as a elementos da filosofia de composição de Poe. O artigo releva uma noção de arranjo pré-formalista em Poe, e termina por focalizar o efeito de espelho que é central no conto. Os comentários de André Gide sobre mise en abyme e o estudo de Lucien Dallenbach sobre o conceito de Gide são submetidos a um exame cuidadoso. Tal exame mostra que ambos o escritor francês e o sistematizador de suas idéias estavam errados ao rejeitarem "The fall of the house of Usher" como um exemplo imperfeito de mise en abyme.
A pesquisa do óbvio na ficção de Vladimir Nabokov
Authors: Almeida Leila F. P.
Published: July 2015

O presente artigo coordenou aspectos biográficos que são discutidos como interferentes na compreensão da obra de ficção de Vladimir Nabokov, assim como procurou analisar os elementos estruturais que a compõem. This is a survey on the biographical aspects that are discussed as concerning to the understanding of Vladimir Nabakov’s prose fiction, as well as an analysis of the structural items that compose it.
Truth: the double edged weapon, based on Lillian Hellman's play Toys in the attic
Authors: Ferreira Maria José
Published: July 2015

The following article is divided into three parts: a summary of Toys in the attic, some consideratlons on the title of the above mentioned play, and an analysis of the theme «Truth» as related to the play. Its conclusion emphasizes the ambiguity of the term «Truth», pointing out the difference between «reality» and one's «aprehension of reality», between «knowledge» and «Interpretation of knowledge». O artigo seguinte está dividido em três partes: um resumo de Toys in the attic, algumas considerações sobre o título dessa peça, e uma análise do tema «Verdade» no que diz respeito à peça. A conclusão enfatiza a ambigüidade do termo «Verdade», chamando a atenção para a diferença entre «realidade» e «apreensão da realidade», entre «conhecimento» e «interpretação do conhecimento».
An analysis of translation errors made by Brazilian students
Authors: Mello Maria da Conceição Magalhães Vaz de
Published: July 2015

This paper presents an analysis of the errors which occurred in translations from Portuguese into English written by Brazilian students. This topic has been chosen because there are few studies of errors made by Brazilian students In the process of learning English and also because many language teachers still consider interference from the mother tongue the only source of errors in foreign language learning. Errors due to interference from the foreign language itself have often been disregarded. In order to explain the causes of the errors five categories were established: errors due to LI interference, errors due to L2 interference, errors due to LI and/or L2 interference, errors due to communication strategies and errors of Indeterminate origin. Errors due to communication strategies were classified according to three different types, proposed by Tarone (1977). The first is topic avoidance, the second is paraphrase and the third is conscious transfer. Errors of indeterminate origin are unsystematic and cannot be assigned to any of the other four categories. My claim In this paper is that since the speech of children learning their first language contains many errors, foreign language learners should be allowed to make errors. By making errors learners provide the teacher with information about what they haven't learned. Este artigo apresenta uma analise dos erros que ocorreram em versões do português para o inglês feitas por alunos brasileiros. Este tópico foi escolhido porque ha poucos estudos sobre erros feitos por alunos brasileiros durante o processo de aprendizagem do inglês e também porque muitos professores de línguas ainda consideram a interferência da língua materna como a única fonte de erros na aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira. Erros de interferência da própria língua estrangeira freqüentemente não são considerados. Para explicar as causas dos erros cinco categorias foram estabelecidas: erros de interferência da LI, erros de interferência da L2, erros de interferência da LI e/ou da L2, erros de estratégias de comunicação e erros de origem indeterminada. Os erros de estratégia de comunicação foram classificados de acordo com três tipos diferentes sugeridos por Tarone (1977). O primeiro é abstenção de tópico, o segundo, paráfrase e o terceiro, transferência consciente. Erros de origem indeterminada não são sistemáticos e não podem ser classificados de acordo com nenhuma das outras quatro categorias. Um dos objetivos deste trabalho é provar que, do mesmo modo que a fala de crianças aprendendo sua língua materna apresenta muitos erros, alunos aprendendo uma língua estrangeira também deveriam poder fazer erros. Ê através dos erros de seus alunos que o professor consegue informação sobre aquilo que eles ainda não aprenderam.
New Yorker's idiolect contrasted to the dialect of New York City
Authors: Russo Neuza Gonçalves
Published: July 2015

The aim of this paper is to make a comparison between the dialect of a New Yorker and the dialect of New York City. Such a comparison includes solely pronunciation and vocabulary because regional variation occurs mainly in these two levels and relatively little in grammatical forms and syntactical structure. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma comparação entre o idioleto de um nova-iorquino e o dialeto de Nova Iorque. Esta comparação inclui apenas pronúncia e vocabulário porque variações regionais ocorrem principalmente nestes dois níveis, havendo relativamente poucas variações nas formas gramaticais e nas estruturas sintáticas.