bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disease Progression-Dependent Effects of TREM2 Deficiency in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Jay Taylor R. , Hirsch Anna M. , Broihier Margaret L. , Miller Crystal M. , Neilson Lee E. , Ransohoff Richard M. , Lamb Bruce T. , Landreth Gary E.
Published: December 2016

Neuroinflammation is an important contributor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, as underscored by the recent identification of immune-related genetic risk factors for AD, including coding variants in the geneTREM2(triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2). Understanding TREM2 function promises to provide important insights into how neuroinflammation contributes to AD pathology. However, studies so far have produced seemingly conflicting results, with reports that amyloid pathology can be both decreased and increased in TREM2-deficient AD mouse models. In this study, we unify these previous findings by demonstrating that TREM2 deficiency ameliorates amyloid pathology early, but exacerbates it late in disease progression in the APPPS1–21 mouse model of AD. We also demonstrate that TREM2 deficiency decreases plaque-associated myeloid cell accumulation by reducing cell proliferation, specifically late in pathology. In addition, TREM2 deficiency reduces myeloid cell internalization of amyloid throughout pathology, but decreases inflammation-related gene transcript levels selectively late in disease progression. Together, these results suggest that TREM2 plays distinct functional roles at different stages in AD pathology.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and there are currently no effective treatments that modify disease progression. However, the recent identification of genetic risk factors for AD promises to provide new insight into AD biology and possible new therapeutic targets. Among these risk factors, variants in the geneTREM2(triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) confer greatly elevated risk for developing the disease. We demonstrate that TREM2 deficiency has opposing effects on AD-related pathologies at early and late stages of disease progression, unifying previous work in the field. In addition, we examine how TREM2 affects the function of the brain immune cell populations in which it is expressed throughout disease progression to understand possible mechanisms underlying its differential impacts on pathology.
Differential Vulnerability of CA1 versus CA3 Pyramidal Neurons After Ischemia: Possible Relationship to Sources of Zn2+Accumulation and Its Entry into and Prolonged Effects on Mitochondria
Authors: Medvedeva Yuliya V. , Ji Sung G. , Yin Hong Z. , Weiss John H.
Published: December 2016

Excitotoxic mechanisms contribute to the degeneration of hippocampal pyramidal neurons after recurrent seizures and brain ischemia. However, susceptibility differs, with CA1 neurons degenerating preferentially after global ischemia and CA3 neurons after limbic seizures. Whereas most studies address contributions of excitotoxic Ca2+entry, it is apparent that Zn2+also contributes, reflecting accumulation in neurons either after synaptic release and entry through postsynaptic channels or upon mobilization from intracellular Zn2+-binding proteins such as metallothionein-III (MT-III). Using mouse hippocampal slices to study acute oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-triggered neurodegeneration, we found evidence for early contributions of excitotoxic Ca2+and Zn2+accumulation in both CA1 and CA3, as indicated by the ability of Zn2+chelators or Ca2+entry blockers to delay pyramidal neuronal death in both regions. However, using knock-out animals (of MT-III and vesicular Zn2+transporter, ZnT3) and channel blockers revealed substantial differences in relevant Zn2+sources, with critical contributions of presynaptic release and its permeation through Ca2+- (and Zn2+)-permeable AMPA channels in CA3 and Zn2+mobilization from MT-III predominating in CA1. To assess the consequences of the intracellular Zn2+accumulation, we used OGD exposures slightly shorter than those causing acute neuronal death; under these conditions, cytosolic Zn2+rises persisted for 10–30 min after OGD, followed by recovery over ∼40–60 min. Furthermore, the recovery appeared to be accompanied by mitochondrial Zn2+accumulation (via the mitochondrial Ca2+uniporter MCU) in CA1 but not in CA3 neurons and was markedly diminished in MT-III knock-outs, suggesting that it depended upon Zn2+mobilization from this protein.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe basis for the differential vulnerabilities of CA1 versus CA3 pyramidal neurons is unclear. The present study of events during and after acute oxygen glucose deprivation highlights a possible important difference, with rapid synaptic entry of Ca2+and Zn2+contributing more in CA3, but with delayed and long-lasting accumulation of Zn2+within mitochondria occurring in CA1 but not CA3 pyramidal neurons. These data may be consistent with observations of prominent mitochondrial dysfunction as a critical early event in the delayed degeneration of CA1 neurons after ischemia and support a hypothesis that mitochondrial Zn2+accumulation in the early reperfusion period may be a critical and targetable upstream event in the injury cascade.
Impaired liver regeneration in aged mice can be rescued by silencing Hippo core kinases MST1 and MST2
Authors: Loforese Giulio , Malinka Thomas , Keogh Adrian , Baier Felix , Simillion Cedric , Montani Matteo , Halazonetis Thanos D , Candinas Daniel , Stroka Deborah
Published: December 2016

The liver has an intrinsic capacity to regenerate in response to injury or surgical resection. Nevertheless, circumstances in which hepatocytes are unresponsive to proliferative signals result in impaired regeneration and hepatic failure. As the Hippo pathway has a canonical role in the maintenance of liver size, we investigated whether it could serve as a therapeutic target to support regeneration. Using a standard two‐thirds partial hepatectomy (PH) model in young and aged mice, we demonstrate that the Hippo pathway is modulated across the phases of liver regeneration. The activity of the core kinases MST1 and LATS1 increased during the early hypertrophic phase and returned to steady state levels in the proliferative phase, coinciding with activation of YAP1 target genes and hepatocyte proliferation. Moreover, following PH in aged mice, we demonstrate that Hippo signaling is anomalous in non‐regenerating livers. We provide pre‐clinical evidence that silencing the Hippo core kinases MST1 and MST2 with siRNA provokes hepatocyte proliferation in quiescent livers and rescues liver regeneration in aged mice following PH. Our data suggest that targeting the Hippo core kinases MST1/2 has therapeutic potential to improve regeneration in non‐regenerative disorders.
Exploiting native forces to capture chromosome conformation in mammalian cell nuclei
Authors: Brant Lilija , Georgomanolis Theodore , Nikolic Milos , Brackley Chris A , Kolovos Petros , van Ijcken Wilfred , Grosveld Frank G , Marenduzzo Davide , Papantonis Argyris
Published: December 2016

Mammalian interphase chromosomes fold into a multitude of loops to fit the confines of cell nuclei, and looping is tightly linked to regulated function. Chromosome conformation capture (3C) technology has significantly advanced our understanding of this structure‐to‐function relationship. However, all 3C‐based methods rely on chemical cross‐linking to stabilize spatial interactions. This step remains a “black box” as regards the biases it may introduce, and some discrepancies between microscopy and 3C studies have now been reported. To address these concerns, we developed “i3C”, a novel approach for capturing spatial interactions without a need for cross‐linking. We apply i3C to intact nuclei of living cells and exploit native forces that stabilize chromatin folding. Using different cell types and loci, computational modeling, and a methylation‐based orthogonal validation method, “TALE‐iD”, we show that native interactions resemble cross‐linked ones, but display improved signal‐to‐noise ratios and are more focal on regulatory elements and CTCF sites, while strictly abiding to topologically associating domain restrictions.
Kajian Yuridis terhadap Kedudukan Dana Asuransi dari Sudut Pandang Perjanjian Perkawinan.
Authors: Permana Sugiri
Published: December 2016

The Judicial Assessment of the Insurance Fund Status in the Perspective of Marriage Covenant. Ideally, if a legal case comes from the same sources of law, the solution must also be the same although examined by different courts. This case happened on the assessment of the insurance fund. In one hand, the religious courts assessed the insurance fund as heritage while the public court considered the insurance fund as absolute rights of individuals. This article examines the legal differences using treaty law approach. To enrich this analysis, the author presents several court decisions concerning the insurance fund.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i2.4448
Kesehatan dan Perobatan dalam Tradisi Islam: Kajian Kitab Shahih Al-Bukhârî.
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: December 2016

Health and Medicine Treatment in Islamic Tradition: a Study on Sahîh al-Bukhârî. The main objective of medical treatment in Islam is to maintain health rather than curing the disease. This article specifically discusses the views of Imam Bukhari on health coverage and medicine treatment in Islam as stated in his book, Sahih al- Bukhari. Sahih al-Bukhari is one of the most important and authentic collection books of Hadith. The description of health and medicine in Saheeh al-Bukhari discussed in the chapter of al-Tibb. The Hadiths collected in the book are more associated with the prevention treatment (preventive medicine) rather than the healing treatment (therapeutic medicine).DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i2.4452
Kecenderungan Masyarakat Memilih Lembaga Penyelesaian Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah.
Authors: Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Nasution Hotnidah
Published: December 2016

The People’s Choice in The Completion of Sharia Economic Dispute. Background research is the fact that lack of sharia economic cases filed and decided by the institution of litigation and non-litigation. This research is exploratory research that uses a qualitative approach to explore facts sharia law in an economic context. Data in the form of a questionnaire/questionnaire is processed only to describe the percentage of sharia economic community propensity choose dispute resolution institutions. This description is preliminary data that drove researchers to explore the points required questions in the interview. Mismatch between quantitative data processed by the facts on the ground shows that people choose a wide selection of sharia economy in resolving disputes.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i2.4457
Arboreal Eudicotyledons, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Cysneiros Vinícius Costa , Pereira-Moura Maria Verônica Leite , Paula Eduardo De Paiva , Braz Denise Monte
Published: December 2016

The Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro) Botanical Garden (JB/UFRRJ) has a green area occupied mostly by sparsely planted arboreal species, in addition to a small area of regenerating forest and plantations. In consideration of the Brazilian federal rules for botanical gardens, the collection of the Arboretum was studied systematically: collection of complete samples, herborization and identification of the species by accepted botanical methods. The occurrence of native species from different Brazilian phytogeographic domains and common names were verified. A total of 125 species of arboreal Eudicotyledons, belonging to 30 families were registered, of which Fabaceae, Bignoniaceae, Malvaceae, Myrtaceae and Anacardiaceae were the richest ones. Species in danger of extinction and others with biological, ecological or economic value are represented, demonstrating the importance of the area to flora conservation.
Reptilia, Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae, Ecpleopus gaudichaudi Duméril and Bibron, 1839: Distribution extension in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Kunz Tobias Saraiva , Ghizoni-Jr Ivo Rohling , Graipel Maurício Eduardo
Published: December 2016

A new record of the Gymnophtalmid lizard Ecpleopus gaudichaudi is presented for the state of Santa Catarina, extending its distribution about 50 km southeastward. We also briefly discuss the species nomenclature.
Amphibia, Anura, Brachycephalidae, Brachycephalus hermogenesi (Giaretta and Sawaya, 1998): new species record in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil and geographic distribution map
Authors: Oliveira Adriele Karlokoski Cunha de , Oliveira Igor Soares de , Hartmann Marília Teresinha , Silva Nelson Rodrigues da , Toledo Luís Felipe
Published: December 2016

Currently, the distribution of Brachycephalus hermogenesi (Giaretta and Sawaya, 1998) ranges from the state of Rio de Janeiro to the state of São Paulo. Herein, we report for the first time the occurrence of B. hermogenesi in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil.
Reptilia, Murray catchment, New South Wales, south-eastern Australia
Authors: Michael Damian R. , Lindenmayer David B. , Crane Mason , MacGregor Christopher , Montague-Drake Rebecca , McBurney Lachlan
Published: December 2016

Two large-scale, long-term biodiversity monitoring programs examining vertebrate responses to habitat fragmentation and landscape change in agricultural landscapes are taking place in the Murray Catchment Management Area of New South Wales, south-eastern Australia. Field surveys involve counting reptiles under a range of management conditions and across a broad range of vegetation types in two bioregions, the South-western Slopes of New South Wales and the Riverina. We list reptiles recorded during surveys conducted between 2002 and 2009. We include additional species recorded between 1997 and 2009 from a conservation reserve. Thirty-nine species from nine families were recorded. The list will be useful for workers interested in reptile zoogeographical distributions and habitat associations as well as those interested in the biodiversity value of remnant vegetation and tree plantings in fragmented agricultural landscapes.
Reptilia, Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae, Heterodactylus imbricatus Spix, 1825: Filling gaps in the state of Minas Gerais
Authors: Novelli Iara Alves , Lucasa Priscila Da Silva , Santos Rodrigo Costa
Published: December 2016

Heterodactylus imbricatus occurs in southeastern of Brazil in areas of high altitude Atlantic rainforest. We collect one adult female and one adult male of this species in Reserva Biológica Unilavras - Boqueirão, in municipality of Ingaí (MG). The habitat encompasses riparian forest associated with Cerrado biome.
Reptilia, Testudines, Geoemydidae, Rhinoclemmys punctularia (Daudin, 1802): new geographical distribution and first record for the state of Tocantins, Brazil
Authors: Dornas Túlio , Malvasio Adriana , Pinheiro Renato T.
Published: December 2016

We present new records of the Spot-legged Turtle (Rhinoclemmys punctularia) for the states of Pará and Tocantins, Brazil. These records increase the known geographical distribution of R. punctularia ca. 500 km southward, reaching the southeastern extreme of the Amazon biome. The Tocantins records are from Amazon rainforests habitats as in most of the known range of the species. These new findings highlight the importance of future investigations in order to better understand the distribution of R. punctularia in the South Amazon Basin and ecotones areas.
Reptilia, Squamata, Teiidae, Dracaena paraguayensis Amaral, 1950: in Paraguay, Dracaena sí, Crocodilurus no
Authors: Scott Norman J. , Cacciali Pier
Published: December 2016

An old published record for “Crocodilurus” in Paraguay was almost certainly based on Dracaena paraguayensis Amaral, 1950. Thus, D. paraguayensis occurs from the Brazilian Pantanal south along the Paraguay River as far as Fuerte Olimpo, and Crocodilurus lacertinus (Daudin, 1802) remains restricted to the Amazon and Orinoco river drainages.
Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae, Phyllodytes punctatus Caramaschi and Peixoto, 2004: distribution extension and first record out of the type locality
Authors: Caldas Francis Luiz Santos , De-Carvalho Crizanto Brito , Gomes Fabíola Fonseca Almeida , Freitas Evellyn Borges de , Santos Rafael Alves dos , Silva Bruno Duarte da , Santana Daniel Oliveira , Faria Renato Gomes
Published: December 2016

This article provides a new record of Phyllodytes punctatus in Parque Nacional Serra de Itabaiana, municipality of Areia Branca, Sergipe, northeast Brazil. This point is the first record after the description of the species.
Aves, Bosque Oriental de Bogotá Protective Forest Reserve, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Authors: Peraza Camilo A.
Published: December 2016

Baseline information is a priority for conservation plans of protected areas, especially when they are of great importance for the maintenance of biodiversity. However, many nature reserves are lacking this information. Here I present a characterization of the avifauna studied along the La Agüadora - San Rafael trail in the Bosque Oriental de Bogotá Protective Forest Reserve. I recorded 67 species after 18 visits done to the study area. The species accumulation curve indicates that the survey was not sufficient, but noteworthy records for Elanus leucurus (Vieillot, 1818), Megascops albogularis (Cassin, 1848), Ciccaba albitaris (Bonaparte, 1850), Caprimulgus longirostris (Sclater, 1866), Synallaxis subpudica Sclater, 1874, Catamenia inornata Berlepsch, 1885 and Atlapetes pallidinucha (Boissoneau, 1840) were obtained. Information provided can be useful for future management plans especially when considering spatial heterogeneity as a key base concept.
Reptilia, Testudines, Geoemydidae, Rhinoclemmys punctularia (Daudin, 1801): distribution extension
Authors: Silva Marcélia Basto da , Resende Izabela Maria De Castro , Paranhos Janete Diane Nogueira , Barreto Larissa
Published: December 2016

We report the first record of Rhinoclemmys punctularia (Daudin, 1801) for Maranhão state, northeast Brazil. This record extends the geographical distribution of the species in ca. 689 km to the east from Vila Nova Vida (Maranhão).
Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Tropidodryas striaticeps (Cope, 1869): latitudinal and altitudinal extension and geographic distribution map
Authors: Guedes Thaís Barreto , Marquesassi Otavio A. V.
Published: December 2016

We report here the northernmost record of Tropidodryas striaticeps (Cope, 1869) extending the species distribution northwards from the previously known localities. We also provide data about altitudinal distribution of T. striaticeps, extending its occurrence to altitudes lower than 150 m a.s.l. In addition, this is the first confirmed record of T. striaticeps for the Caatinga ecorregion and the fourth one for the state of Bahia. An updated distribution map is also provided.
Gastropoda, Neogastropoda, Buccinidae, Cantharus tranquebaricus (Gmelin, 1791): first record from Pondicherry mangroves, southeast coast of India
Authors: Satheeshkumar Palanisamy , Khan Anisa B.
Published: December 2016

Cantharus tranquebaricus (Gmelin, 1791) is reported for the first time in Pondicherry mangroves, southeast coast of India. Three adult specimens have been found in the Thengaithittu lagoon during post monsoon season of 2009. It is a characteristic species of molluscan fauna of the Bay of Bengal and the descriptions of the shell are provided.
Amphibia, Anura, Strabomantidae, Pristimantis palmeri Boulenger, 1912: distribution extension for the Central Cordillera, Colombia
Authors: Bolívar-G. Wilmar , Giraldo Alan , Mendez Javier
Published: December 2016

We report a new locality record for Pristimantis palmeri, an endemic species to Colombia associated to forest and weeds in open areas of Choco, Risaralda, Quindío, Valle del Cauca, and Cauca (900 – 2,400 m.a.s.l.). This report expands its geographical distribution in 177 km toward south and suggests the existence of a discontinuous distribution in the western slope of the Central Cordillera of Colombia.
Redes Informales e Instituciones Democráticas en América Latina
Authors: Mascareño Aldo , Silva Artur Stamford da , Loewe Daniel , Rodríguez Darío
Published: December 2016

RESUMEN El artículo propone tres tipos de relación entre instituciones procedimentales basadas en derechos fundamentales y redes informales en América Latina: una relación de integración que inicialmente apoya los objetivos institucionales pero que los debilita en el largo plazo; una relación de superposición que interviene y utiliza parasitariamente las instituciones procedimentales; y una relación de desacoplamiento que supone un desplazamiento de instituciones procedimentales de los espacios sociales controlados por redes informales. Metodológicamente, ilustramos este argumento con casos extraídos de la literatura y reinterpretados a la luz de las propuestas conceptuales presentes en el artículo. La conclusión central es que las redes informales generan una fuerte motivación para la acción contraria al tipo de orden social que promueven los derechos fundamentales.
Divisão Sexual do Trabalho e Democracia
Authors: Biroli Flávia
Published: December 2016

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as conexões entre a divisão sexual do trabalho, aqui entendida como um fator fundamental na produção do gênero, e os limites das democracias contemporâneas. A análise se apoia em extensa literatura sobre o tema, acompanhada de aporte empírico que permite situar a discussão no contexto brasileiro. É orientada por dois axiomas e uma hipótese, aos quais correspondem as três principais seções do artigo: (A1) a divisão sexual do trabalho está na base das hierarquias de gênero nas sociedades contemporâneas; (A2) essas hierarquias assumem formas diferenciadas segundo a posição de classe e raça das mulheres; (H) as assimetrias assim constituídas, entre as quais se destacam o acesso desigual a tempo livre e a renda, limitam a participação política das mulheres. O reconhecimento do impacto da divisão sexual do trabalho se faz em uma concepção ampliada da política, que leva em conta as relações de poder no cotidiano. A análise destaca como essas relações incidem no acesso ao sistema político. Procura, com isso, colaborar para a construção de modelos teóricos que incorporem essa dimensão fundamental das relações de gênero, a divisão sexual do trabalho, à análise crítica dos limites da democracia.
Activismo y Prácticas Digitales en la Construcción de una Esfera LGTB en España
Authors: Grau Begonya Enguix
Published: December 2016

RESUMEN A partir de una interrogación antropológica sobre las “comunidades” y la construcción de una “esfera pública”, este artículo aborda las estrategias digitales que sirven para dar forma a lo que podría denominarse como la esfera LGTB española. Consideramos el activismo LGTB como el principal productor de discurso social legitimado y por ello hemos analizado las páginas web de siete colectivos LGTB y otros recursos digitales para examinar la articulación de prácticas digitales y no digitales, que se basan en un conocimiento compartido que evoca las identidades colectivas y retroalimenta el activismo. Tras combinar trabajo de campo antropológico sobre el activismo y etnografías digitales de entornos virtuales, consideramos que a pesar del uso intensivo de los recursos digitales, la esfera LGTB sigue dependiendo en gran medida de las redes sociales tradicionales. Como consecuencia, ponemos en duda la utilidad de la conceptualización de las relaciones digitales y no digitales como separadas y distintas y discutimos esa imbricación como una característica del activismo contemporáneo.
Cooperação e Coordenação na Implementação de Políticas Públicas: O Caso da Saúde
Authors: Menicucci Telma , Marques Alisson Maciel de Faria
Published: December 2016

RESUMO O artigo compara o grau de implementação da regionalização da assistência à saúde no Brasil a partir de um estudo em profundidade em amostra de estados. Considera-se que a gestão de políticas sociais em contexto federativo coloca a necessidade de combinar autonomia e cooperação dos entes federados, levando ao clássico problema da ação coletiva. Embora as regras institucionais definidas nacionalmente favoreçam a cooperação, elas não são capazes de explicar as variações entre as unidades da federação. Para interpretar essas diferenças foi construído um modelo de regressão com a identificação de fatores explicativos de dois níveis: no municipal foram considerados fatores estruturais (recursos que afetam a capacidade de prestação de serviços de saúde) e, no segundo nível, considerou-se a atuação do estado como coordenador e indutor da cooperação. Tanto os fatores estruturais quanto a atuação do nível estadual têm efeitos importantes sobre a regionalização e os incentivos federais não têm sido capazes de garantir a adesão completa dos entes federados e nem de eliminar os entraves estruturais.
As Organizações Sociais de Saúde e o Desempenho do SUS: Um Estudo sobre a Atenção Básica em São Paulo
Authors: Coelho Vera Schattan P. , Greve Jane
Published: December 2016

RESUMO O artigo parte do debate sobre ganhos que podem advir do uso de contratos e do envolvimento de organizações não estatais na prestação de serviços públicos enfocando a experiência de contratação de organizações sociais de saúde na prestação de serviços públicos nesta área. Discute-se o que leva políticos e gestores públicos a contratarem essas organizações, como são geridos os contratos celebrados, avaliando-se, ainda, seu impacto na atenção à saúde oferecida pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Para tanto partiu-se de duas abordagens, uma qualitativa e outra quantitativa, tendo-se analisado o envolvimento destas organizações na prestação de serviços de atenção básica no estado de São Paulo. O estudo qualitativo cobriu 4 municípios de porte médio, enquanto o estudo quantitativo avaliou o uso dos contratos nos 645 municípios do Estado. Os resultados mostram que: 1) Os municípios vêm recorrendo crescentemente aos contratos com organizações sociais de saúde; 2) Políticos e gestores filiados a partidos de diferentes matizes ideológicos têm aderido a esse tipo contratação; 3) Há indicações, preliminares e não conclusivas, que a adoção desses contratos tem contribuído para um aumento no número de consultas oferecidas aos usuários do SUS, bem como para a redução na internação por causas sensíveis à atenção básica.
Burnout Syndrome prevalence of on-call surgeons in a trauma reference hospital and its correlation with weekly workload: cross-sectional study
Authors: NOVAIS RODRIGO NOBRE DE , ROCHA LOUISE MATOS , ELOI RAISSA JARDELINO , SANTOS LUCIANO MENEZES DOS , RIBEIRO MARINA VIEGAS MOURA REZENDE , RAMOS FERNANDO WAGNER DA SILVA , LIMA FERNANDO JOSÉ CAMELLO DE , SOUSA-RODRIGUES CÉLIO FERNANDO DE , BARBOSA FABIANO TIMBÓ
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) for surgeons working in referral hospital for trauma in Maceio and to evaluate the possible correlation between BS and weekly workload. Methods: cross-sectional study with 43 on-call surgeons at Professor Osvaldo Brandão Vilela General State Hospital, Maceió, between July and December, 2015. A self-administered form was used to evaluate BS through the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and socio-demographic characteristics among participants. Spearman's S test was used to compare BS and weekly workload. Significant level was 5%. Results: among the surgeons studied, 95.35% were male and the mean age was 43.9 ± 8.95 years. The mean weekly workload on call in trauma was 33.90 ± 16.82 hours. The frequency of high scores in at least one of the three dimensions of MBI was 46.5%. Professional achievement was correlated with weekly workload (P = 0.020). Conclusion: the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among on-call surgeons in referral hospital for trauma was 46.5%. In this sample there was correlation between weekly workload and the Burnout Syndrome.
Modified technique for preparation of venous circulation resin casts in the cirrhotic liver
Authors: VASCONCELOS FILHO JOSÉ OLÍMPIO MAIA DE , BATISTA LAÉCIO LEITÃO , PITTA GUILHERME BENJAMIN BRANDÃO , LACERDA CLÁUDIO MOURA
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT This study describes two major adaptations for the preparation of resin casts in human cirrhotic liver, harvested at the time of transplantation. The first is the way of fixing the catheter in the ostia of the hepatic and portal veins through a cerclage, so as to prevent displacement of the catheter and / or leakage of the resin during its injection. The second is the extension of corrosion time in the NaOH solution, averaging 6.8 days, with daily replacement the solution until complete removal of parenchymal tissue. We applied the method in 14 cirrhotic livers, with good filling and coloring of the portal and hepatic vein territories, using different colors. This allows an anatomical study of these vessels, able to complement the knowledge of the histopathology in research work, and the planning of therapeutic procedures, such as the Trans-Jugular Intrahepatic Port-Systemic Shunt (TIPS).
Comparative study of abdominal cavity temporary closure techniques for damage control
Authors: RIBEIRO JR MARCELO A. F. , BARROS EMILY ALVES , CARVALHO SABRINA MARQUES DE , NASCIMENTO VINICIUS PEREIRA , CRUVINEL NETO JOSÉ , FONSECA ALEXANDRE ZANCHENKO
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT The damage control surgery, with emphasis on laparostomy, usually results in shrinkage of the aponeurosis and loss of the ability to close the abdominal wall, leading to the formation of ventral incisional hernias. Currently, various techniques offer greater chances of closing the abdominal cavity with less tension. Thus, this study aims to evaluate three temporary closure techniques of the abdominal cavity: the Vacuum-Assisted Closure Therapy - VAC, the Bogotá Bag and the Vacuum-pack. We conducted a systematic review of the literature, selecting 28 articles published in the last 20 years. The techniques of the bag Bogotá and Vacuum-pack had the advantage of easy access to the material in most centers and low cost, contrary to VAC, which, besides presenting high cost, is not available in most hospitals. On the other hand, the VAC technique was more effective in reducing stress at the edges of lesions, removing stagnant fluids and waste, in addition to acting at the cellular level by increasing proliferation and cell division rates, and showed the highest rates of primary closure of the abdominal cavity.
Gabapentin Differentially Modulate c-Fos Expression in Hypothalamus and Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus in Surgical Molar Extraction
Authors: Kazi Jamil Ahsan , Ibrahim Ban Kahtan
Published: December 2016

Abstract The study on the efficacy of oral analgesics reported that no single class of drug is effective in post-surgical dental pain. Pain following removal of third molar is most commonly used and widely accepted acute pain model for assessing the analgesic effect of drugs in humans. Reports demonstrated that analgesic efficacy in the human dental model is highly predictive. The high incidence of false-negative findings in analgesic investigations hinders the process of molecular discovery. Molecular mechanism of post-surgical pain is not known. More importantly, the animal model for postoperative dental pain is not well established. In an attempt to discover an effective post-surgical dental pain blocker with acceptable side effects, it is essential to elucidate the molecular mechanism of post-operative dental pain. The present study investigated mandibular molars extraction in rat as an animal model for the post-operative dental pain in central nervous system. Using c-Fos immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that pre administration of GBP (150 mg/kg. i.p) significantly (p< 0.01) neutralized the surgical molar extraction induced c-Fos expression bilaterally in rat hypothalamus. Present results indicate that pain after surgical molar extraction might follow novel neural pathways therefore difficult to treat with existing anti-nociceptive drugs.
Pulp Chamber Heating: An In Vitro Study Evaluating Different Light Sources and Resin Composite Layers
Authors: Andreatta Lígia Maria Lima , Furuse Adilson Yoshio , Prakki Anuradha , Bombonatti Juliana Fraga Soares , Mondelli Rafael Francisco Lia
Published: December 2016

Abstract The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the temperature variation inside the pulp chamber during light-activation of the adhesive and resin composite layers with different light sources. Cavities measuring 8x10 mm were prepared on the buccal surface of bovine incisors, leaving a remaining dentin thickness of 1 mm. Specimens were placed in a 37±1 °C water bath to standardize the temperature. The temperature in the pulp chamber was measured every 10 s during 40 s of light activation of the adhesive system (SBMP-3M/ESPE) and in the three consecutive 1-mm-thick layers of resin composite (Z250-3M/ESPE). Three light source devices were evaluated: Elipar 2500 (QTH), LD Max (LED low irradiance) and VALO (LED high irradiance). The results were submitted to one-way ANOVA with repeated measures and Tukey's test, both with p<0.001. The exothermic reaction warming was observed in the Z250 increments, but not in the SBMP. The high irradiance LED showed a higher temperature average (42.7±1.56 °C), followed by the quartz-tungsten-halogen light (40.6±0.67 °C) and the lower irradiance LED (37.8±0.12 °C). Higher temperature increases were observed with the adhesive and the first resin composite increment light-activation, regardless of the employed light source. From the second increment of Z250, the restorative material acted as a dispersive structure of heat, reducing temperature increases. Regardless the light source and restorative step, the temperature increased with the irradiation time. It may be concluded that the light source, irradiation time and resin composite thickness interfered in the temperature variation inside the pulp chamber.
Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm Influences on the Antimicrobial Properties of Glass Ionomer Cements
Authors: Fúcio Suzana B. P. , Paula Andréia B. de , Sardi Janaina C. O. , Duque Cristiane , Correr-Sobrinho Lourenço , Puppin-Rontani Regina M.
Published: December 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and biofilm inhibition properties of glass ionomer restorative cements. Ketac Nano, Vitremer, Ketac Molar Easymix and Fuji IX were analyzed using the following tests: a) agar plate diffusion test to evaluate the inhibitory activity of cements against S. mutans (n=8); b) S. mutans adherence test by counting colony-forming units after 2 h of material/bacteria exposure (n=10); c) biofilm wet weight after seven days of bacterial accumulation on material disks, with growth medium renewed every 48 h (n=10); d) pH and fluoride measurements from the medium aspired at 48 h intervals during the 7-day biofilm development (n=10). Data from the a, b and c tests were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests and the fluoride-release and pH data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (a=5%). Vitremer followed by Ketac Nano showed the greatest inhibitory zone against S. mutans than the conventional ionomers. Vitremer also showed higher pH values than Ketac Nano and Fuji IX in the first 48 h and released higher fluoride amount than Ketac Nano e Ketac Molar Easymix throughout the experimental period. The chemical composition of restorative glass ionomer materials influenced the antibacterial properties. The resin modified glass ionomer (Vitremer) was more effective for inhibition of S. mutans and allowed greater neutralization of the pH in the first 48 h. However, the type of glass ionomer (resin modified or conventional) did not influence the weight and adherence of the biofilm and fluoride release.
Effects of Contamination by Hemostatic Agents and Use of Cleaning Agent on Etch-and-Rinse Dentin Bond Strength
Authors: Pucci César Rogério , Araújo Rodrigo Maximo de , Lacerda Ana Julia Farias de , Souza Mirella Anjos de , Huhtala Maria Filomena Rocha Lima , Feitosa Fernanda Alves
Published: December 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of contamination by hemostatic agents and rinsing with chlorhexidine on bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Ninety-six bovine teeth were sectioned to expose a flat dentin surface area. A standardized cavity with 2.0 mm in thickness, superficial diameter of 4.0 mm and bottom diameter of 3.0 mm was prepared with a diamond bur in each dentin specimen. The teeth were divided into four groups according to the hemostatic employed: G1: control; G2: use of ViscoStat, Ultradent; G3: Hemosthasegel, FGM; and G4: Hemostop, Dentsply. The groups were divided into two subgroups according to the cleaning protocol method (n=12): A: without any further cleaning; and B: cleaning with chlorhexidine at 0.2%. All cavities were filled using a dentin adhesive and a resin composite, following the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 h, the specimens were aged by thermal and mechanical cycling. The bond strength was determined by the push out bond test (MPa), Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were detected among all groups treated with hemostatic agents and the control group. The post-hoc test showed that cleaning the cavity with chlorhexidine significantly improves the bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Our results suggested that the use of chlorhexidine can reestablish the bond strength between dentin and resin composite when a hemostatic agent was applied.
Cytotoxicity Profile of Endodontic Sealers Provided by 3D Cell Culture Experimental Model
Authors: Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal , Carvalho Nancy Kudsi de , Ronconi Carina Taboada , De-Deus Gustavo , Zuolo Mario Luis , Zaia Alexandre Augusto
Published: December 2016

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of five endodontic sealers (AH Plus, Endomethasone N, EndoSequence BC, MTA Fillapex and Pulp Canal Sealer EWT) using a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model. A conventional bi-dimensional (2D) cell culture model was used as reference technique for comparison. Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts were cultured in conventional bi-dimensional cell culture and in rat-tail collagen type I three-dimensional cell culture models. Then, both cell cultures were incubated with elutes of freshly mixed endodontic sealers for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by the methyl-thiazol-diphenyltetrazolium assay (MTT). Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the Tukey test at a significance level of p<0.05. All tested sealers exhibited cytotoxic effects; however, cytotoxic effect was culture model- and sealer-dependent. Sealers showed higher cytotoxicity in 2D than in 3D cell culture model (p<0.05). In both conditions, EndoSequence BC showed the lowest cytotoxicity (p<0.05). MTA Fillapex was much more cytotoxic than the other tested endodontic sealers (p<0.05), with the exception of AH Plus in the 2D cell culture model (p>0.05). Endomethasone N and Pulp Canal Sealer EWT showed lower cytotoxic effects than AH Plus in 2D cell culture model (p<0.05); however no statistical differences was observed among these sealers in 3D cell culture model. It may be concluded that cytotoxicity was higher in 2D cell culture compared to 3D cell culture. EndoSequence BC sealer exhibited the highest cytocompatibility and MTA Fillapex the lowest cytocompatibility.
Does Cryopreservation Affect the Biological Properties of Stem Cells from Dental Tissues? A Systematic Review
Authors: Conde Marcus Cristian Muniz , Chisini Luiz Alexandre , Grazioli Guillermo , Francia Alejandro , Carvalho Rodrigo Varella de , Alcázar Jose Carlos Bernedo , Tarquinio Sandra Beatriz Chavez , Demarco Flávio Fernando
Published: December 2016

Abstract This systematic review evaluated if different cryopreservation protocols could affect biological properties (Cell survival rate (CSR), proliferation, differentiation, maintenance of stem cell markers) of stem cells obtained from dental tissues (DSC) post-thaw. An electronic search was carried out within PubMed and ISI Web Science by using specific keyword. Two independent reviewers read the titles and abstracts of all reports respecting predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data were extracted considering the biological properties of previously cryopreserved DSCs and previously cryopreserved dental tissues. DSCs cryopreserved as soon as possible after their isolation presents a CSR quite similar to the non-cryopreserved DSC. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) [10%] showed good results related to cell recovery post-thaw to cryopreserve cells and tissues for periods of up to 2 years. The cryopreservation of DSC in a mechanical freezer (-80°C) allows the recovery of stem cells post-thaw. The facilities producing magnetic field (MF), demand a lower concentration of cryoprotectant, but their use is not dispensable. It is possible to isolate and cryopreserve dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) from healthy and diseased vital teeth. Cryopreservation of dental tissues for late DSC isolation, combined with MF dispensability, could be valuable to reduce costs and improve the logistics to develop teeth banks.
The Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration and Heat on the Bonding to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic
Authors: Sundfeld Daniel , Correr-Sobrinho Lourenço , Pini Núbia Inocêncya Pavesi , Costa Ana Rosa , Sundfeld Renato Herman , Pfeifer Carmem Silvia , Martins Luis Roberto Marcondes
Published: December 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration and previous heat treatment (PHT) on the surface morphology and micro-shear bond strength (mSBS) of a lithium disilicate glass ceramic (EMX) to resin cement. One hundred four EMX specimens were randomly assigned to two groups (n=52) according to the HF concentration: 5% and 10%. A new random distribution was made according to the PHTs (n=13): control (no PHT); previously heated HF (70 °C); previously heated EMX surface (85 °C); the combination of heated HF + heated EMX surface. The etching time was set at 20 s. All EMX blocks were silanated and received a thin layer of an unfilled resin. Five resin cement cylinders were made on each EMX surface using Tygon tubes as matrices, and then stored for 24 h at 37 °C. One random etched EMX sample from each group was analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (a=0.05). For the control groups, 5% HF showed statistically lower mSBS values when compared to 10% HF (p<0.05). PHT increased the mSBS values for 5% HF, yielding statistically similar results to non-PHT 10% HF (p<0.05). FE-SEM images showed increased glassy matrix removal when PHT was applied to HF 5%, but not to the same degree as for 10% HF. PHT has the potential to improve the bond strength of 5% HF concentration on lithium disilicate glass ceramic.
Effect of Acid Etching, Silane and Thermal Cycling on the Bond Strength of Metallic Brackets to Ceramic
Authors: Matos Natália Regina Santos de , Costa Ana Rosa , Valdrighi Heloísa Cristina , Correr Américo Bortolazzo , Vedovello Silvia Amélia , Santamaria Jr Milton , Correr-Sobrinho Lourenço
Published: December 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silanes, thermal cycling and acid etching on the shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic brackets to feldspathic ceramic. Feldspathic ceramic cylinders (Groups 1, 2, 5 and 6) were etched for 60 s with 10% hydrofluoric acid and Groups 3, 4, 7 and 8, without acid etching. Two layers of silane Clearfil Ceramic Primer (CCP, Groups 1 to 4) and two layers of RelyX Ceramic Primer (RCP, groups 5 to 8) were applied and dried for 60 s. Brackets were bonded to the cylinders with Transbond XT and light-activated for 40 s with Bluephase G2. All specimens were stored in deionized water at 37 °C for 24 h, and the specimens of groups 1, 3, 5 and 7 were submitted to 7,000 thermal cycles (5 °C/55 °C). After storage, the SBS test was performed at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data were subjected to three-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (α=0.05). The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was evaluated at 8x magnification. The SBS of CCP was significantly greater than of RCP (p<0.05), with or without thermal cycling. Thermal cycling significantly reduced the SBS (p<0.05). The groups submitted to acid etching showed significantly higher SBS than those without acid etching (p<0.05). In conclusion, thermal cycling reduced SBS for all groups. The best ceramic surface treatment for bracket bonding was achieved by acid etching and CCP silane. The ARI results showed predominance of score 0 for all groups.
Salivary Immunoglobulins in Individuals with Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Authors: Fernandes Karin Sá , Lima Michella Bezerra , Martins Cíntia de Paula , dos-Santos Maria Cristina , Nunes Fabio Daumas , Kokron Cristina Maria , Gallottini Marina
Published: December 2016

Abstract Oral manifestations of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) are rare, have rarely been studied and have given controversial results. There are few data about IgA, IgG, and IgM antibody salivary levels in the literature, and there are few papers about the clinical impact of antibody deficiencies and CVID on the oral health of such patients. The aim of this study was to measure serum and salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in CVID participants and controls, and to associate immunoglobulin levels with caries and periodontal disease. This was a case-control study involving 51 CVID individuals and 50 healthy controls. All participants underwent examination for dental caries and periodontal disease. Blood and whole saliva samples were collected on the same day of the oral examination. Serum IgA, IgM, and IgG levels were measured by turbidimetry and salivary IgA, IgM, and IgG titers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Incidences of caries and gingivitis were significantly higher in the CVID group than in the control group (p<0.05). Salivary and blood IgA and IgM titers were significantly reduced in the CVID group, but there was no association of salivary immunoglobulin levels with periodontal disease or with caries incidence (p>0.05 for both). Although CVID was associated with increased susceptibility to caries and gingivitis, it was not associated with low salivary levels of IgA and IgM.
Histologic and Tomographic Findings of Bone Block Allografts in a 4 Years Follow-up: A Case Series
Authors: Deluiz Daniel , Oliveira Luciano Santos , Fletcher Paul , Pires Fábio Ramôa , Tinoco Justine Monnerat , Tinoco Eduardo Muniz Barretto
Published: December 2016

Abstract The aim of this paper is to report histologic and tomographic findings of fresh frozen bone block allografts bearing dental implants in functional occlusion in a long-term follow-up. Four patients with implants functionally loaded for 4 years on augmented ridges requiring additional mucogingival surgery or implant placement were included in this case series. Cone-beam tomography scans were compared volumetrically between the baseline (first implant placement) and current images. Biopsies of the grafts were retrieved and sent to histological analysis. Volumetric reduction of the grafts varied from 2.1 to 7.7%. Histological evaluation demonstrated well-incorporated grafts with different degrees of remodeling. While data presented in this report are from a small sample size and do not allow definitive conclusions, the biopsies of the grafted sites were very similar to the host's native bone. Remodeling of the cortical portion of the allografts seems to take longer than the cancellous portion. The presence of unincorporated graft remains did not impair the implant success or the health of the surrounding tissues. This is the first time histologic and tomographic long term data of bone allograft have been made available in dentistry.