bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials
Authors: García-Martínez Jesús-María , Collar Emilia P.
Published: December 2020

According to the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), a hybrid material is that composed of an intimate mixture of inorganic components, organic components, or both types of components which usually interpenetrate on scales of less than 1 μm [...]
Quantitative Analysis of Blended Asian Lacquers Using ToF–SIMS, Py–GC/MS and HPLC
Authors: Yu Hye Hyun , Lim Jung-Ah , Ham Seung Wook , Lee Kang-Bong , Lee Yeonhee
Published: December 2020

Asian lacquer is a special polymeric material tapped from lacquer trees. The tree’s sap is a complex mixture of compounds, such as catechol lipids, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, enzymes, and water. Researchers have not yet quantitatively analyzed blended lacquers. We evaluated the compositions of Japanese and Vietnamese lacquers, and blends of the two, using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF–SIMS), pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). ToF–SIMS provided quantitative results for blended lacquers; provided structural information on polymeric lacquer films; and indicated the presence of dimers of urushiol–urushiol, urushiol–laccol, and laccol–laccol derivatives. We used Py–GC/MS and HPLC to obtain linear calibration curves. The specific peak intensity was a linear function of the ratio of Japanese to Vietnamese lacquer in the blends. For an unknown mixture, all three techniques gave essentially the same results. These quantitative methods will be useful for improving the physical properties of polymeric lacquer films, and evaluating the lacquer quality in industry and historic conservation.
Characterization and Biodegradability of Rice Husk-Filled Polymer Composites
Authors: Yap Saw Yin , Sreekantan Srimala , Hassan Mohd , Sudesh Kumar , Ong Ming Thong
Published: December 2020

The fabrication of affordable biodegradable plastics remains a challenging issue for both the scientific community and industries as mechanical properties and biodegradability improve at the expense of the high cost of the material. Hence, the present work deals with fabrication and characterization of biodegradable polymer with 40% rice husk waste filler and 60% polymer-containing mixture of polybutylene succinate (PBS) and poly butylenes adipate-Co-terephthalate (PBAT) to achieve good mechanical properties, 92% biodegradation in six months, and competitive pricing. The challenge in incorporating high amounts of hydrophilic nature filler material into hydrophobic PBS/PBAT was addressed by adding plasticizers such as glycerol and calcium stearate. The compatibilizers such as maleic anhydride (MA) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was used to improve the miscibility between hydrophobic PBS/PBAT and hydrophilic filler material. The component with the formulation of 24:36:40 (PBS/PBAT/TPRH) possessed the tensile strength of 14.27 MPa, modulus of 200.43 MPa, and elongation at break of 12.99%, which was suitable for the production of molded products such as a tray, lunch box, and straw. The obtained composite polymer achieved 92% mass loss after six months of soil burial test confirming its biodegradability.
The Growth of 3T3 Fibroblasts on PHB, PLA and PHB/PLA Blend Films at Different Stages of Their Biodegradation In Vitro
Authors: Zhuikov Vsevolod , Akoulina Elizaveta , Chesnokova Dariana , Wenhao You , Makhina Tatiana , Demyanova Irina , Zhuikova Yuliya , Voinova Vera , Belishev Nikita , Surmenev Roman , Surmeneva Maria , Bonartseva Garina , Shaitan Konstantin , Bonartsev Anton
Published: December 2020

Over the past century there was a significant development and extensive application of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers for their biomedical applications. This research investigates the dynamic change in properties of biodegradable polymers: poly(3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly-l-lactide (PLA), and their 50:50 blend (PHB/PLA)) during their hydrolytic non-enzymatic (in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), at pH = 7.4, 37 °C) and enzymatic degradation (in PBS supplemented with 0.25 mg/mL pancreatic lipase). 3T3 fibroblast proliferation on the polymer films experiencing different degradation durations was also studied. Enzymatic degradation significantly accelerated the degradation rate of polymers compared to non-enzymatic hydrolytic degradation, whereas the seeding of 3T3 cells on the polymer films accelerated only the PLA molecular weight loss. Surprisingly, the immiscible nature of PHB/PLA blend (showed by differential scanning calorimetry) led to a slower and more uniform enzymatic degradation in comparison with pure polymers, PHB and PLA, which displayed a two-stage degradation process. PHB/PLA blend also displayed relatively stable cell viability on films upon exposure to degradation of different durations, which was associated with the uneven distribution of cells on polymer films. Thus, the obtained data are of great benefit for designing biodegradable scaffolds based on polymer blends for tissue engineering.
Solubility Data of Potential Salts in the MgO-CaO-SO2-H2O-O2 System for Process Modeling
Authors: Weiß Barbara D. , Harasek Michael
Published: December 2020

This review studies unwanted precipitation reactions, which can occur in SO2 absorption processes using a magnesium hydroxide slurry. Solubility data of potential salts in the MgO-CaO-SO2-H2O system are evaluated. The reviewed data can serve as a reliable basis for process modeling of this system used to support the optimization of the SO2 absorption process. This study includes the solubility data of MgSO3, MgSO4, Mg(OH)2, CaSO3, CaSO4, and Ca(OH)2 as potential salts. The solubility is strongly dependent on the state of the precipitated salts. Therefore, this review includes studies on the stability of different forms of the salts under different conditions. The solubility data in water over temperature serve as a base for modeling the precipitation in such system. Furthermore, influencing factors such as pH value, SO2 content and the co-existence of other salts are included and available data on such dependencies are reviewed. Literature data evaluated by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) are revisited and additional and newer studies are supplemented to obtain a solid base of accurate experimental values. For temperatures higher than 100 °C the available data are scarce. For a temperature range from 0 to 100 °C, the reviewed investigations and data provide a good base to evaluate and adapt process models for processes in order to map precipitations issues accurately.
Integrating FMEA and the Kano Model to Improve the Service Quality of Logistics Centers
Authors: Tang Ling-Lang , Chen Shun-Hsing , Lin Chia-Chen
Published: December 2020

This study uses the logistics center of a large organic retail store in Taiwan to analyze service blueprint and workflow, identifying the potential points of failure and thus serving as a basis for quality improvement. The failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) model is an effective problem prevention methodology that can easily interface with many engineering and reliability methods. The utilized method integrates the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) and the Kano model to explore the possible occurrence of failures in the internal workflow and services of the studied logistics center. A two-stage survey was conducted. In the first stage, an investigation was conducted by 20 logistics experts on the FMEA’s key service failures. In the second stage, a questionnaire was filled out by 220 store staff to summarize the logistics service quality factors found in the Kano model. The results show that the degree of attention and satisfaction in the priority improvement items when there were service failures vary among the opinions of different internal employees and customers. The participants jointly believed that the items that need improvement are “Damaged incoming goods” and “A shortfall in the quantities of delivered goods”.
Modeling and Flowsheet Simulation of Vibrated Fluidized Bed Dryers
Authors: Lehmann Soeren E. , Buchholz Moritz , Jongsma Alfred , Innings Fredrik , Heinrich Stefan
Published: December 2020

Drying in fluidized beds is an important step in the production of powdered materials. Especially in the food and pharmaceutical industry, fluidized bed dryers are often vibrated to improve the drying process. In the current work, a continuous fluidized bed drying model is implemented in the novel, open-source flowsheet simulation framework Dyssol. The new model accounts for the hydrodynamic characteristics of all Geldart groups as well as the impact of mechanical vibration on the drying process. Distributed particle properties are considered by the model. Comprehensive validation of the model was conducted for a wide range of process parameters, different materials, dryer geometries and dimensions as well as the impact of vibration. Particle properties are predicted accurately and represent the broad experimental data well. A sensitivity analysis of the model confirmed grid independence and the validity of underlying model assumptions.
Identification of Penicillium verrucosum, Penicillium commune, and Penicillium crustosum Isolated from Chicken Eggs
Authors: Demjanová Soňa , Jevinová Pavlina , Pipová Monika , Regecová Ivana
Published: December 2020

Penicillium species belong to main causative agents of food spoilage leading to significant economic losses and potential health risk for consumers. These fungi have been isolated from various food matrices, including table eggs. In this study, both conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Polymerase Chain Reaction-Internal Transcribed Spacer-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-ITS-RFLP) methods were used for species identification of Penicillium (P.) spp. isolated from the eggshells of moldy chicken eggs. Seven restriction endonucleases (Bsp1286I, XmaI, HaeIII, HinfI, MseI, SfcI, Hpy188I) were applied to create ribosomal restriction patterns of amplified ITS regions. To identify P. verrucosum, P. commune, and P. crustosum with the help of conventional PCR assay, species-specific primer pairs VERF/VERR, COMF/COMR, and CRUF/CRUR were designed on the base of 5.8 subunit-Internal Transcribed Spacer (5.8S-ITS) region. Altogether, 121 strains of microscopic filamentous fungi were isolated by traditional culture mycological examination. After morphological evaluation of both macroscopic and microscopic features, 96 strains were classified in Penicillium spp. Two molecular methods used have confirmed eight isolates as P. verrucosum, 42 isolates as P. commune, and 19 isolates as P. crustosum. Both PCR-ITS-RFLP and conventional PCR assays appear to be suitable alternatives for rapid identification of the above mentioned Penicillium species.
Reversible Bonding of Thermoplastic Elastomers for Cell Patterning Applications
Authors: Moon Byeong-Ui , Morton Keith , Li Kebin , Miville-Godin Caroline , Veres Teodor
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we present a simple, versatile method that creates patterns for cell migration studies using thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). The TPE material used here can be robustly, but reversibly, bonded to a variety of plastic substrates, allowing patterning of cultured cells in a microenvironment. We first examine the bonding strength of TPE to glass and polystyrene substrates and com-pare it to thermoset silicone-based PDMS under various conditions and demonstrate that the TPE can be strongly and reversibly bonded on commercially available polystyrene culture plates. In cell migration studies, cell patterns are templated around TPE features cored from a thin TPE film. We show that the significance of fibroblast cell growth with fetal bovine serum (FBS)-cell culture media compared to the cells cultured without FBS, analyzed over two days of cell culture. This simple approach allows us to generate cell patterns without harsh manipulations like scratch assays and to avoid damaging the cells. We also confirm that the TPE material is non-toxic to cell growth and supports a high viability of fibroblasts and breast cancer cells. We anticipate this TPE-based patterning approach can be further utilized for many other cell patterning applications such as in cell-to-cell communication studies.
Monitoring Hybrid Rice Phenology at Initial Heading Stage Based on Low-Altitude Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Ma Yi , Jiang Qi , Wu Xianting , Zhu Renshan , Gong Yan , Peng Yi , Duan Bo , Fang Shenghui
Published: December 2020

Accurate monitoring of hybrid rice phenology (RP) is crucial for breeding rice cultivars and controlling fertilizing amount. The aim of this study is to monitor the exact date of hybrid rice initial heading stage (IHSDAS) based on low-altitude remote sensing data and analyze the influence factors of RP. In this study, six field experiments were conducted in Ezhou city and Lingshui city from 2016 to 2019, which involved different rice cultivars and nitrogen rates. Three low-altitude remote sensing platforms were used to collect rice canopy reflectance. Firstly, we compared the performance of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and red edge chlorophyll index (CIred edge) for monitoring RP. Secondly, double logistic function (DLF), asymmetric gauss function (AGF), and symmetric gauss function (SGF) were used to fit time-series CIred edge for acquiring phenological curves (PC), the feature: maximum curvature (MC) of PC was extracted to monitor IHSDAS. Finally, we analyzed the influence of rice cultivars, N rates, and air temperature on RP. The results indicated that CIred edge was more appropriate than NDVI for monitoring RP without saturation problem. Compared with DLF and AGF, SGF could fit CIred edge without over fitting problem. MC of SGF_CIred edge from all three platforms showed good performance in monitoring IHSDAS with good robustness, R2 varied between 0.82 and 0.95, RMSE ranged from 2.31 to 3.81. In addition, the results demonstrated that high air temperature might cause a decrease of IHSDAS, and the growth process of rice was delayed when more nitrogen fertilizer was applied before IHSDAS. This study illustrated that low-altitude remote sensing technology could be used for monitoring field-scale hybrid rice IHSDAS accurately.
Acoustic Emission and K-S Metric Entropy as Methods for Determining Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials
Authors: Kyzioł Lesław , Panasiuk Katarzyna , Hajdukiewicz Grzegorz , Dudzik Krzysztof
Published: December 2020

Due to the unique properties of polymer composites, these materials are used in many industries, including shipbuilding (hulls of boats, yachts, motorboats, cutters, ship and cooling doors, pontoons and floats, torpedo tubes and missiles, protective shields, antenna masts, radar shields, and antennas, etc.). Modern measurement methods and tools allow to determine the properties of the composite material, already during its design. The article presents the use of the method of acoustic emission and Kolmogorov-Sinai (K-S) metric entropy to determine the mechanical properties of composites. The tested materials were polyester-glass laminate without additives and with a 10% content of polyester-glass waste. The changes taking place in the composite material during loading were visualized using a piezoelectric sensor used in the acoustic emission method. Thanks to the analysis of the RMS parameter (root mean square of the acoustic emission signal), it is possible to determine the range of stresses at which significant changes occur in the material in terms of its use as a construction material. In the K-S entropy method, an important measuring tool is the extensometer, namely the displacement sensor built into it. The results obtained during the static tensile test with the use of an extensometer allow them to be used to calculate the K-S metric entropy. Many materials, including composite materials, do not have a yield point. In principle, there are no methods for determining the transition of a material from elastic to plastic phase. The authors showed that, with the use of a modern testing machine and very high-quality instrumentation to record measurement data using the Kolmogorov-Sinai (K-S) metric entropy method and the acoustic emission (AE) method, it is possible to determine the material transition from elastic to plastic phase. Determining the yield strength of composite materials is extremely important information when designing a structure.
How Does Consumers’ Care for Origin Shape Their Behavioural Gap for Environmentally Friendly Products?
Authors: Trentinaglia De Daverio Maria Teresa , Mancuso Teresina , Peri Massimo , Baldi Lucia
Published: December 2020

Climate change is threatening worldwide crop yields and varieties, and the desertification of Southern Europe and Mediterranean areas is endangering the cultivation of tomato, not only one of the most important cultivated crops, but also one of the main pillars of the global food industry. To minimize its environmental impact, current research efforts in Europe are selecting resilient tomato genotypes with reduced use of water and fertilizers. Still, its commercial acceptance depends on consumers’ reaction in terms of interests, attitudes, and willingness to buy and pay for this hypothetical resilient tomato. In our setting, a behavioural gap exists whenever despite an interest for the product, and regardless of a positive attitude towards it, consumers are not willing to pay a premium price for this tomato. This paper focuses on Italians, among the largest tomato consumers across the world, and for whom origin emerges as a relevant consumption driver. We carried out a web-survey, totalling 932 responses. We ran three different ordinal regressions, one for each level of involvement in the purchasing process, identifying the factors affecting consumers’ interest, attitude, and behaviour towards this hypothetical tomato. We prove the existence of a behavioural gap for Italian tomato consumers and observe that this gap widens as consumers’ preferences for origin increase. Hence, policies developing environmentally sustainable products should not forget how consumer preferences for non-strictly environmental attributes might ultimately affect their propensity to buy and pay.
An Empirical Investigation of the Longitudinal Effect of Online Consumer Reviews on Hotel Accommodation Performance
Authors: Tseng Timmy H. , Chang Shao-Hsun , Wang Yu-Min , Wang Yi-Shun , Lin Shin-jeng
Published: December 2020

This study empirically investigates the effects of online consumer reviews on hotel accommodation performance in an e-commerce context. Online consumer reviews include two types: online consumer satisfaction and electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). eWOM was also regarded as the proxy of consumer loyalty. Hotel-level online consumer reviews from three well-known online travel agencies (i.e., Agoda.com, Expedia.com, and Trip.com) and financial data from 88 hotels were combined and analyzed using the Hayes’ PROCESS Macro. Based on the service-profit chain (SPC) framework, the two forms of online consumer reviews, satisfaction, and eWOM, were hypothesized to have positive effects on performance. The hypothetic effects were assessed in terms of the concurrent model and three lagged models. The results indicate that satisfaction has a positive effect on eWOM. However, to our great surprise, the two forms of online consumer reviews did not directly affect hotel accommodation performance across the concurrent model and the three lagged models. Additionally, online consumer satisfaction did not influence hotel accommodation performance via eWOM. The results have several important theoretical and practical implications for online consumer relationship management in the hospitality and tourism industry. The results of this study can further clarify the relationships among online consumer satisfaction and eWOM (customer loyalty), and performance.
Research on the Influence of Energy Utilization and Economic Development on Human Well-Being in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Meng Mengmeng , Fan Weiguo , Lu Jianchang , Dong Xiaobin , Wei Hejie
Published: December 2020

Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a typical resource-rich but economically backward region in western China, and it is of great urgency to improve human well-being. Combined with previous scholars’ research and the characteristics of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, this paper constructs an index system of human well-being including four dimensions: income and consumption, means of production, means of subsistence, and resource acquisition ability. Then, it uses generalized matrix method estimations to measure the influence of energy utilization and economic development on human well-being and makes a regression analysis on the influence of energy utilization and economic development on human well-being in various provinces in this region. It is found that per capita GDP and coke utilization promote the well-being of all dimensions, while the urban registered unemployment rate only promotes the well-being of means of subsistence. The utilization of gasoline and natural gas promotes income and consumption and inhibits the means of subsistence and resource acquisition ability, but they have opposite effects on means of production. The impacts of energy utilization and economic development in different provinces on human well-being are different. This study is of great significance to the related research aiming at improving people’s livelihood and promoting regional development.
The Analysis of Critical Success Factors for In-Town Check-In in Taiwan
Authors: Yang Cheng-Hua , Chen Huei-Ju , Lin Li-Chu , Morrison Alastair M.
Published: December 2020

The Taoyuan International Airport in Taiwan encountered service capacity bottlenecks for insufficient facilities before COV-19 break. In order to increase the service capacity efficiency on check-in, security checks, and customs clearance, the Ministry of Transportation and Communications R.O.C. (MOTC), Taiwan, rerouted the airport traffic flow by implementing the in-town check-in (ITCI) concept to decrease crowding in the airport waiting hall. This research examined the structure of critical success factors (CSFs) for ITCIs, deriving three hierarchies of three dimensions, eight criteria, and 18 evaluation indexes from the previous literature, expert interviews, and analysis results from Analytic Network Process (ANP) via Super Decisions software. The three CSF dimensions were: first-level hierarchy “advantageous environments,” followed by “marketing” and “service value,” which is a second-level hierarchy. The study concluded that the third level item of “transferred vehicles system and management” can play an important key role in ITCTs and “users’ usage preference” has a high correlation to ITCT management strategy. Those findings are expected to be a valuable reference as operating guidelines for Taoyuan Airport MRT Company and management strategy for airport companies.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Air Pollution Control Policies Based on Historical Evaluation and Deep Learning Forecast: A Case Study of Chengdu-Chongqing Region in China
Authors: Gao Hao , Yang Weixin , Wang Jiawei , Zheng Xiaoyun
Published: December 2020

Air pollution is a common problem for many countries around the world in the process of industrialization as well as a challenge to sustainable development. This paper has selected Chengdu-Chongqing region of China as the research object, which suffers from severe air pollution and has been actively involved in air pollution control in recent years to achieve sustainable development. Based on the historical data of 16 cities in this region from January 2015 to November 2019 on six major air pollutants, this paper has first conducted evaluation on the monthly air quality of these cities within the research period by using Principal Component Analysis and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution. Based on that, this paper has adopted the Long Short-Term Memory neural network model in deep learning to forecast the monthly air quality of various cities from December 2019 to November 2020. The aims of this paper are to enrich existing literature on air pollution control, and provide a novel scientific tool for design and formulation of air pollution control policies by innovatively integrating commonly used evaluation models and deep learning forecast methods. According to the research results, in terms of historical evaluation, the air quality of cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing region was generally moving in the same trend in the research period, with distinct characteristics of cyclicity and convergence. Year- on-year speaking, the effectiveness of air pollution control in various cities has shown a visible improvement trend. For example, Ya’an’s lowest air quality evaluation score has improved from 0.3494 in 2015 to 0.4504 in 2019; Zigong’s lowest air quality score has also risen from 0.4160 in 2015 to 0.6429 in 2019. Based on the above historical evaluation and deep learning forecast results, this paper has proposed relevant policy recommendations for air pollution control in the Chengdu-Chongqing region.
Automatic Malicious Code Classification System through Static Analysis Using Machine Learning
Authors: Kim Sungjoong , Yeom Seongkyu , Oh Haengrok , Shin Dongil , Shin Dongkyoo
Published: December 2020

The development of information and communication technology (ICT) is making daily life more convenient by allowing access to information at anytime and anywhere and by improving the efficiency of organizations. Unfortunately, malicious code is also proliferating and becoming increasingly complex and sophisticated. In fact, even novices can now easily create it using hacking tools, which is causing it to increase and spread exponentially. It has become difficult for humans to respond to such a surge. As a result, many studies have pursued methods to automatically analyze and classify malicious code. There are currently two methods for analyzing it: a dynamic analysis method that executes the program directly and confirms the execution result, and a static analysis method that analyzes the program without executing it. This paper proposes a static analysis automation technique for malicious code that uses machine learning. This classification system was designed by combining a method for classifying malicious code using a portable executable (PE) structure and a method for classifying it using a PE structure. The system has 98.77% accuracy when classifying normal and malicious files. The proposed system can be used to classify various types of malware from PE files to shell code.
Changes in the Population Size of Calbindin D-28k-Immunoreactive Enteric Neurons in the Porcine Caecum under the Influence of Bisphenol A: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Gonkowski Ignacy , Gonkowski Slawomir , Dzika Ewa , Wojtkiewicz Joanna
Published: December 2020

Calbindin D-28k (CB) is a calcium-binding protein widely distributed in living organisms that may act as a calcium buffer and sensory protein. CB is present in the enteric nervous system (ENS) situated in the gastrointestinal tract, which controls the majority of activities of the stomach and intestine. The influence of various doses of bisphenol A (BPA)—a chemical compound widely used in plastics production—on the number and distribution of CB-positive enteric neuronal cells in the porcine caecum was investigated with an immunofluorescence technique. The obtained results showed that low dosages of BPA resulted in an increase in the number of CB-positive neuronal cells in the myenteric (MP) and inner submucous (ISP) plexuses, whereas it did not alter the number of such neuronal cells in the outer submucous plexus (OSP). High dosages of BPA caused the increase in the amount of CB-positive perikarya in all the above-mentioned kinds of the caecal neuronal plexuses. These observations strongly suggest that CB in the ENS participates in the processes connected with the toxic activity of BPA. Most likely, the changes noted in this experiment result from the adaptive and protective properties of CB.
Regression Models for Soil Water Storage Estimation Using the ESA CCI Satellite Soil Moisture Product: A Case Study in Northeast Portugal
Authors: de Figueiredo Tomás , Royer Ana Caroline , Fonseca Felícia , de Araújo Schütz Fabiana Costa , Hernández Zulimar
Published: December 2020

The European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Soil Moisture (ESA CCI SM) product provides soil moisture estimates from radar satellite data with a daily temporal resolution. Despite validation exercises with ground data that have been performed since the product’s launch, SM has not yet been consistently related to soil water storage, which is a key step for its application for prediction purposes. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between soil water storage (S), which was obtained from soil water balance computations with ground meteorological data, and soil moisture, which was obtained from radar data, as affected by soil water storage capacity (Smax). As a case study, a 14-year monthly series of soil water storage, produced via soil water balance computations using ground meteorological data from northeast Portugal and Smax from 25 mm to 150 mm, were matched with the corresponding monthly averaged SM product. Linear (I) and logistic (II) regression models relating S with SM were compared. Model performance (r2 in the 0.8–0.9 range) varied non-monotonically with Smax, with it being the highest at an Smax of 50 mm. The logistic model (II) performed better than the linear model (I) in the lower range of Smax. Improvements in model performance obtained with segregation of the data series in two subsets, representing soil water recharge and depletion phases throughout the year, outlined the hysteresis in the relationship between S and SM.
Development and Validation of a Web-Based Prediction Model for AKI after Surgery
Authors: Woo Sang H. , Zavodnick Jillian , Ackermann Lily , Maarouf Omar H. , Zhang Jingjing , Cowan Scott W.
Published: December 2020

Background

AKI after surgery is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a risk prediction tool for the occurrence of postoperative AKI requiring RRT (AKI-dialysis).

Methods

This retrospective cohort study had 2,299,502 surgical patients over 2015–2017 from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database (ACS NSQIP). Eleven predictors were selected for the predictive model: age, history of congestive heart failure, diabetes, ascites, emergency surgery, hypertension requiring medication, preoperative serum creatinine, hematocrit, sodium, preoperative sepsis, and surgery type. The predictive model was trained using 2015–2016 data (n=1,487,724) and further tested using 2017 data (n=811,778). A risk model was developed using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

AKI-dialysis occurred in 0.3% (n=6853) of patients. The unadjusted 30-day postoperative mortality rate associated with AKI-dialysis was 37.5%. The AKI risk prediction model had high area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC; training cohort: 0.89, test cohort: 0.90) for postoperative AKI-dialysis.

Conclusions

This model provides a clinically useful bedside predictive tool for postoperative AKI requiring dialysis.
Jean Paul, lector de Goethe: La edad del pavo como Bildungsroman de transición
Authors: Lenga Jésica
Published: December 2020

La edad del pavo (1805), de Jean Paul, puede ser leída como una respuesta al Wilhelm Meister (1795/1796), como la obra de un lector irreverente que oscila entre el homenaje y la parodia. Escrita diez años después de la publicación del Meister, en la novela de Jean Paul se preservan elementos propios de la literatura ilustrada, que reenvían al lector a modelos literarios del pasado, pero estos se mezclan con procedimientos transgresores, que esbozan una nueva forma, muy cercana a las proyecciones schlegelianas acerca de lo que debía ser la novela romántica. El resultado de esta indeterminación es una obra que esboza una estética de la transición, que se verifica también en una serie de motivos literarios ligados al concepto de lo In between. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar estas imágenes de lo In between para considerar el particular modo en el que Jean Paul se posiciona entre medio de dos grandes tendencias literarias: Ilustración y Romanticismo.
A figuração da mulher negra e a crítica do naturalismo em Machado de Assis: Arminda, Sabina e Mariana
Authors: Cotrim Ana
Published: December 2020

Este artigo examina três textos curtos de Machado de Assis em que são figuradas mulheres negras (mestiças)1 escravizadas: o conto “Pai contra mãe” (Relíquias da Casa Velha, 1906); o poema narrativo “Sabina” (Americanas, 1875); e o conto “Mariana” (Jornal das Famílias, 1871). Tem a intenção de mostrar que, nesses contos, Machado subverte e desvenda o estereótipo social e literário das mulheres negras em geral e das “mulatas” em particular, bem como argumentar que essa subversão significa uma crítica ao naturalismo que caracteriza essas figuras estereotípicas e compõe a consciência fetichizada do homem branco proprietário.
Authors: Syuhud Moh Abdus , Karyadi Karyadi , Basri Muhammad Hasan , Indarto Bachtera
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Gravitational Water Vortex Power Plant is a type of green technology that is included in the category of micro-hydro power plants. Basin is one component that is very influential on the speed of vortex flow. Vortex basin is a tube used to see vortex phenomena that occur in liquid fluids, with the occurrence of vortex phenomena in a basin that uses a water pump to drain liquid vortex into fluid. The purpose of this design is to design a cylindrical basin with a diameter of 50 cm that determines the working system of the GWVPP tool so that it can be used to observe water flow, torque, turbine power, and electrical power. This cylindrical basin tool is designed with proven data collection in 1 day for 5 hours, producing the highest discharge of 0.82 l / s, the highest torque of 0.000024 Nm, turbine power of 0,00081 watts, and electrical power of 0.87 watts in turbine testing the L 4 blade model, while the highest discharge is 0.90 l / s, the highest torque is 0.000036 Nm, the turbine power is 0.00096 watts, and the electrical power is 1.95 watts in the turbine testing the S 4 blade model.
Authors: Mukhtar M. Nushron Ali , Pratama Erik Januar , Hermawan Andi Mayo
Published: December 2020

The development of a wind turbine drive transmission gearbox is carried out to maximize the energy output of the vertical savonius wind turbine (TASV) using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method to analyze the structure of the materials used. From the calculation of the gearbox gear, it is obtained a gear with a 4 mm module with a spurs gear type so that the dimensions of gear 1 = Ø 296 mm, gear 2 = Ø 104 mm, gear 3 = Ø 276 mm, gear 4 = Ø 76 mm, gear 5 = Ø 212 mm, gear 6 = Ø 56 mm, so that the gearbox output has a ratio of 1:50 and requires an initial torque of 179.33 Nm / 18.30 kg which is loaded on the gear contact body on the during the initial lap. The gearbox has easy and lightweight instructions that make it easier for users to disassemble it in case of damage. The gearbox type is made using the straight type (Spurs).
PENGARUH TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM (Studi pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2015-2017)
Authors: Yani Ahmad , Santosa Intan Zulinda
Published: December 2020

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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE USED METHODS OF FOREST RESTORATION OF GREEN ZONES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Stroganova K. , Shanin I.
Published: December 2020

The article examines the advantages and disadvantages of methods for restoring forest areas lost due to forest fires, illegal logging. The most relevant methods of reforestation measures for the reproduction of green zones in Russia have been identified, taking into account the reasons for the negative impact and the relationship of tree and shrub plantations with the nature of recreation. A comparative analysis of the methods of reforestation used in the formation and reconstruction of forestry areas is presented. The study determined that the most effective method for restoring forest areas is artificial reforestation. Today, most of the forest area is restored using traditional methods, including natural methods. It should be noted that regular forest fires have a detrimental effect on forestry and the country's ecology as a whole; here it is necessary to use the most effective methods aimed at accelerating the renewal of forest resources. The use of the artificial method of reforestation allows the use of seedlings both with an open root system and with a closed one, which are more resistant to various pests and diseases.
MANAGING INNOVATION WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Aksenov Aleksey
Published: December 2020

Artificial intelligence is changing companies and how they manage innovation. Rapid technological development and the replacement of human labor with artificial intelligence can force management to rethink the entire innovation process of the company. Using the ideas of the Carnegie School and the behavioral theory of the firm, the implications for innovation management of artificial intelligence technologies and artificial intelligence systems based on machine learning were considered. A diagram is presented showing the extent to which artificial intelligence can replace humans. It is shown what aspects should be taken into account when transforming into a digital organization of innovations. It is noted that artificial intelligence plays a constructive role where the time-tested advantages of innovation management resources are suppressed, impossible due to digitization. The clear potential of artificial intelligence lies in creating a more systematic approach by integrating artificial intelligence into organizations seeking to innovate. The results of the study point to areas in which artificial intelligence systems can already be fruitfully applied in organizational innovation, namely, in cases where the development of new innovations is primarily constrained by the limitations of information processing. Artificial intelligence systems that rely on anomaly detection, for example, can be useful when firms grapple with processing constraints in search of new opportunities.
APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE TAX SYSTEM
Authors: Zemcov M.
Published: December 2020

This article provides an analysis of the implementation of automation in tax authorities. In the course of the research work, it was proved that the introduction of advanced information technologies had a beneficial effect on the work of the tax authorities. The article lists the benefits of applying automation, both for tax officials and taxpayers. Also, the reason for the creation of the informatization department and its role in the tax inspection are given. The basis for the introduction of information technology in the Russian Federation was given. A description of the impact of highly developed automation activities on tax officials is given. The basis for the application of accounting and tax reporting was given, as well as the advantage of their application in electronic form. Listed are the databases in which the activities of state bodies and their purposes are carried out. The function of the database, which is responsible for accounting for alcohol and tobacco products, is disclosed. The main tasks are identified, the solution of which is carried out in the course of the implementation of the tax system automation program. Revealed the validity of the introduction of the latest information systems and listed their tasks. The article describes the basic principles of automation used in the applied software complexes of the Federal Tax Service of Russia. The reason for the differentiation of technical means and their main functions are revealed.
REGIONAL SUPPORT MEASURES THAT HELP OVERCOME UNEMPLOYMENT
Authors: Zinoveva Irina , Cherednichenko A.
Published: December 2020

This work is devoted to considering the level of unemployment in the regional labor market. According to the RIA Rating Agency, a comparative analysis of the unemployment rate in the regions of the Central Chechen Republic for 2018-2019 was carried out, data on the unemployment rate in the Voronezh region for 2015-2019 are given. the results of which revealed a decrease in the unemployment rate over the past five years by 0.9 points. Since high unemployment can lead to serious consequences (exacerbation of the criminal situation in the region, increased crime, which in turn will lead to lower living standards, etc.), measures have been proposed to reduce unemployment in the region, such as: regional regulations governing the creation of additional jobs in sectors of the economy, support for small businesses, development of the affordable housing market, increase in wages, etc. Unemployment, being a rather dangerous phenomenon, requires an employment policy aimed at addressing the primary tasks and mitigating the consequences, as well as at preventing and preventing the growth of unemployment in the future. As a result, it was concluded that it is necessary to improve the regional labor market and approach to organizing and shaping the effective functioning of the employment system and social protection of the population.
Mandado de Segurança Coletivo no Pensamento de J. J. Calmon de Passos
Authors: Jobim Marco Felix
Published: December 2020

O artigo tem a intenção de expor o pensamento de J. J. Calmon de Passos naquilo que pensava sobre a ação constitucional do mandado de segurança coletivo. Para tanto, será estudada sua obra específica sobre o tema, imergindo em suas ideias e as resgatando para demonstrar sua contemporaneidade às novas gerações de processualistas.
Machine Learning Methods in E-mail Spam Classification
Authors: Świtalski Piotr , Kopówka Mateusz
Published: December 2020

Increasing number of unwanted e-mails has influence on users’ security in the Internet. Today spam e-mails can store potential malicious messages which e.g. can redirect user to fake sites. These messages recently appeared in social media. Filtering of this content is important due to minimize financial and branding costs. Traditional methods of spam filtering cannot be sufficient for present threats. We required new methods for constructing more dependable and robust antispam filters. Machine learning recently becomes very popular technique in classification methods. It has been successfully used in spam classification. In this paper we present some methods of machine learning for spam detecting. We would also like to introduce ways to solve the spam classification problem. We show that these methods can be useful in classification of malicious messages. We also compared developed methods and presented results in the experimental section.
Database security: combining neural networks and classification approach
Authors: Skaruz Jarosław
Published: December 2020

In the paper we present a new approach based on application of neural networks to detect SQL attacks. SQL attacks are those attacks that take the advantage of using SQL statements to be performed. The problem of detection of this class of attacks is transformed to time series prediction problem. SQL queries are used as a source of events in a protected environment. To differentiate between normal SQL queries and those sent by an attacker, we divide SQL statements into tokens and pass them to our detection system, which predicts the next token, taking into account previously seen tokens. In the learning phase tokens are passed to a recurrent neural network (RNN) trained by backpropagation through time (BPTT) algorithm. Then, two coefficients of the rule are evaluated. The rule is used to interpret RNN output. In the testing phase RNN with the rule is examined against attacks and legal data to find out how evaluated rule affects efficiency of detecting attacks. All experiments were conducted on Jordan network. Experimental results show the relationship between the rule and a length of SQL queries.
An Assessment of Carbon Footprint in Medium-density Fiberboard (MDF) Manufacturing: A Case Study of Wood Based Panel Production In Turkey
Authors: ERDİL Mehtap , YILGÖR Nural
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, carbon footprint (CF) is became an important topic closely related to the ecological production of goods and services. Energy use and subsequent emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in all human facilities affect the world’s climate in the form of global warming in recent decades. The dominant greenhouse gas arising from human activities is carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon footprint is CO2 and other GHGs that are released per unit product for a specific period. The main purpose of this study is the determination of most important critic processes about that contribute to the cf problem during medium-density fiberboard (MDF) production with Pareto analysis method. MDF is a kind of composite panel product which is typically containing of cellulosic fibers with the combination of synthetic resins and additives becoming under heat and pressure. For this purpose, a wood-based panel company is selected to examine cf for its each process. As a conclusion this study makes an important contribution to the panel based industry to see the emission problems with the help of Pareto analysis and help to perform an environmental oriented production for the future. Moreover, two scenarios are built up to decrease of total carbon footprint in the selected plant. So, the analysis results are supported with two scenarios. Also, this study shall provide a general view and perception for the importance of the carbon footprint in the wood panel based industrial sector.
Geriye Dönüş Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: BULUT Meryem , DİNÇMEN Sevgi
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırma, çeşitli nedenlerle Çamlıdere’den, Ankara’ya emekli olduktan sonra tekrar Çamlıdere’ye göç edenleri kapsamaktadır. Araştırmaya tümüyle göç edenlerin yanı sıra ikili (Ankara ve Çamlıdere) yaşam döngüsünü sürdüren insanlar da dahil edilmiştir. Görüşmeler Şubat-Haziran 2020 tarihlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada nitel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Görüşmelerde kişilerin geçmiş anılarına, başkalarının hikâyeleri ve yorumları da eklenmiştir.Görüşmelerden elde edilen bulgulara göre kentin güvenlik tehdidinden kaçmak, kentin sosyal yalıtılmışlık duygusundan kurtulmak gibi değişen nedenlerle doğdukları yere geri dönmüşlerdir. Dingin bir hayat sürmek, doğayla iç içe olmak, bağ-bahçe işleriyle huzur bulmak, komşuluk ilişkileri, samimi ve güvendiği insan ilişkilerine duyulan ihtiyaçlarda geriye göç kararını almalarını kolaylaştırmış görünmektedir. Çamlıdere hem doğdukları yer, hem de Ankara’ya ulaşımının yakın olması nedeniyle tercih edildiği dile getirilmiştir. Çünkü ikili yaşam sürdürenler için gidiş-gelişlere, sağlık sorunu yaşayanlara da sağlık merkezlerine ulaşım olanağı kolaylıkla sağlanmaktadır.
Sistem Monitoring Prestasi Akademik Siswa Pada Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 5 Pagar Alam
Authors: Syaputra Asep
Published: December 2020

The process of monitoring academic activity of SMA N 5 Pagar Alam City is still manual, because the data storage is still scattered in each field of teachers, sometimes the data entered in Microsoft Excel is not very accurate. From this problem, then a system of monitoring the processing of academic achievement data to determine the academic achievement of each student, where achievement data in the form of scores and activities of extracurricular activities will be easier to process, and the creation of reporting will be easier. This research uses waterfall methods and UML design, the devices used to build these systems using PHP and MySQL programming as databases. The system can be applied as a monitoring of students' academic performance so that academic data can be stored properly. The result of this study is the system of monitoring the academic achievement of high school students N 5 Pagar Alam City, with this system the school and parents are more effective in controlling and assessing activities related to the academic achievement of students.