bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A gépjárművezetés pszichológiája
Authors: Juhász Anikó
Published: March 2023

Aim: The monograph provides an answer to why accidents occur and how to increase the effectiveness of accident prevention work.Methodology: Using literature summaries, statistical analyses, scientific studies and research, the author explores the factors that play an important role in driving.Findings: The most recent problems in traffic psychology: visual processing disorders and attention-related errors; mobile phone distractions; the negative effects of fatigue, drugs and alcohol; risky driving behaviour of young drivers, the future of autonomous driving.Value: As far as the subject of the book is concerned, it is a really important and suppletory work, it reveals the topics comprehensively. The description of psychological methods is supplemented by the author’s own insights, drawing conclusions chapter by chapter. It also includes useful information for accident investigators, criminologists, police officers, and criminal justice professionals.
The Effect of Trauma Mechanism on the Frequency of Accompanying Vertebral Fracture in Cases with Thoracic Trauma
Authors: ÖZTOK TEKTEN Beliz , YAKŞİ Osman
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Thoracic traumas are the third most common trauma among all trauma cases after head-neck and extremity traumas. The most common causes are motor vehicle accidents, falls from height, gunshot wounds, and stab wounds. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the mechanism of trauma and its effect on the frequency of accompanying vertebral fracture in patients who applied to the emergency department of a university hospital due to thoracic trauma.

Material – Method: Our study was planned retrospectively. The information of the patients who applied to the emergency department of our hospital between 01.01.2017 and 01.01.2021 due to thoracic trauma was examined. Demographic characteristics of the patients, mechanism of trauma, trauma-related thoracic injuries and accompanying vertebral fractures were evaluated.

Results: The data of 515 patients exposed to thoracic trauma were analyzed. The median age of the patients included in the study was 52 and 72.4% (n: 373) were male. 96.3% (n: 496) of the patients presented because of blunt trauma. The most common trauma mechanisms were in-vehicle traffic accident (46.6% n:240) and falling from height (30.9% n:159).

Pneumothorax was found in 34.7% (n: 179) of the patients, hemothorax in 40.2% (n: 207), and costal fracture in 81.9% (n: 422). The frequency of concomitant vertebral fracture was 33.98% (n: 175). Vertebral fractures were most commonly detected in the lumbar region (53.1%) and were most common in patients admitted after a non-vehicle traffic accident. A significant difference was found between the mechanism of trauma and accompanying vertebral fracture; vertebral fracture was seen in 53.8% (n:28) of the patients who applied after a non-vehicle traffic accident. (p=0.004)

Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that the trauma mechanism may increase the frequency of accompanying vertebral fracture in patients admitted to the emergency department after blunt trauma and evaluated for thoracic trauma.
camino del Perú hacia una política exterior oceánica
Authors: Arzubiaga Scheuch Augusto
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo abordará el punto de vista del autor relativo a la necesidad del Perú de elaborar una política exterior oceánica, la cual, es acorde a los intereses del Estado. El camino para elaborar dicha política ha sido pavimentado por las actuaciones del Estado peruano a lo largo de su historia, destacando su participación en la generación de la “tesis de las doscientas millas marinas” y en la adopción del texto de “Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar” (CONVEMAR). A pesar de que el Perú no es Parte de dicho tratado, no ha dejado de participar en los foros relativos a la temática marítima ni en los nuevos desarrollos sobre la gobernanza de los océanos, sin embargo, para elaborar una política exterior oceánica, es vital que el Perú se adhiera a dicho tratado.
crimen de agresión contra Ucrania
Authors: Hernández Campos Augusto
Published: March 2023

El crimen de agresión, sucesor del crimen contra la paz del Estatuto del Tribunal Internacional de Nüremberg, constituye el mas grave de los crímenes internacionales. El cometimiento del crimen de agresión representa una amenaza ipso facto contra la paz internacional. El Tribunal de Nüremberg calificó a la guerra de agresión en su sentencia: “Iniciar una guerra de agresión, por lo tanto, no es sólo un crimen internacional; es el crimen internacional supremo que sólo difiere de otros crímenes de guerra en que contiene en sí mismo el mal acumulado del todo.” El crimen de agresión es así una violación gravísima de la Carta de la ONU y sus principios fundamentales. Tomando el caso de la invasión rusa contra Ucrania examinaremos como aquí se ha configurado el crimen de agresión conforme con la expresión mas actualizada y reciente del Derecho Penal Internacional que es el Estatuto de Roma de la Corte Penal Internacional
mediación noruega en la crisis interna venezolana como un único procedimiento del 2019 a la actualidad
Authors: Antialón Conde Alexander
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo explora algunos aspectos teóricos y procedimentales de la mediación noruega en la crisis interna venezolana. Asimismo, intenta demostrar que no se trata de una mediación del 2019 y otra del 2021, sino que consiste en una sola mediación con una suspensión, una interrupción y una reanudación. Esta mediación (término jurídico) o facilitación (término político) se viene llevando a cabo hasta la fecha, con sede en México y con los Países Bajos y Rusia como países acompañantes.
INDECOPI como protagonista activo de la protección de la propiedad intelectual y su relación con los tratados internacionales suscritos por el Perú en materia de PI.
Authors: Palacin Gutiérrez Julián Fernando
Published: March 2023

El presente año el INDECOPI cumple 30 años desde su creación, a través de los cuales ha reafirmado la voluntad de apoyar la proliferación de un sistema internacional de propiedad intelectual junto a los planteamientos de la OMPI. En este sentido, expondremos cómo el progresivo fortalecimiento del INDECOPI se inscribe dentro de esta corriente internacional, a través de la adhesión a diversos tratados internacionales, simplificando y ampliando aquellos mecanismos necesarios para un desarrollo equilibrado, accesible y contribuyente al desarrollo económico.
Examining the Rotation Period Distribution of the 40 Myr Tucana–Horologium Association with TESS
Authors: Popinchalk Mark , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Curtis Jason L. , Gagné Jonathan , Bardalez Gagliuffi Daniella C. , Vos Johanna M. , Ayala Andrew , Gonzales Lisseth , Kiman Rocio
Published: March 2023

The Tucana–Horologium association (Tuc-Hor) is a 40 Myr old moving group in the southern sky. In this work, we measure the rotation periods of 313 Tuc-Hor objects with TESS light curves derived from TESS full-frame images and membership lists driven by Gaia EDR3 kinematics and known youth indicators. We recover a period for 81.4% of the sample and report 255 rotation periods for Tuc-Hor objects. From these objects we identify 11 candidate binaries based on multiple periodic signals or outlier Gaia DR2 and EDR3 renormalized unit weight error values. We also identify three new complex rotators (rapidly rotating M dwarf objects with intricate light-curve morphology) within our sample. Along with the six previously known complex rotators that belong to Tuc-Hor, we compare their light-curve morphology between TESS Cycle 1 and Cycle 3 and find that they change substantially. Furthermore, we provide context for the entire Tuc-Hor rotation sample by describing the rotation period distributions alongside other youth indicators such as Hα and Li equivalent width, as well as near-ultraviolet and X-ray flux. We find that measuring rotation periods with TESS is a fast and effective means to confirm members in young moving groups.
The First Flight of the Marshall Grazing Incidence X-Ray Spectrometer (MaGIXS)
Authors: Savage Sabrina L. , Winebarger Amy R. , Kobayashi Ken , Athiray P. S. , Beabout Dyana , Golub Leon , Walsh Robert W. , Beabout Brent , Bradshaw Stephen , Bruccoleri Alexander R. , Champey Patrick R. , Cheimets Peter , Cirtain Jonathan , DeLuca Edward E. , Del Zanna Giulio , Dudík Jaroslav , Guillory Anthony , Haight Harlan , Heilmann Ralf K. , Hertz Edward , Hogue William , Kegley Jeffery , Kolodziejczak Jeffery , Madsen Chad , Mason Helen , McKenzie David E. , Ranganathan Jagan , Reeves Katharine K. , Robertson Bryan , Schattenburg Mark L. , Scholvin Jorg , Siler Richard , Testa Paola , Vigil Genevieve D. , Warren Harry P. , Watkinson Benjamin , Weddendorf Bruce , Wright Ernest
Published: March 2023

The Marshall Grazing Incidence X-ray Spectrometer (MaGIXS) sounding rocket experiment launched on 2021 July 30 from the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico. MaGIXS is a unique solar observing telescope developed to capture X-ray spectral images of coronal active regions in the 6–24 Å wavelength range. Its novel design takes advantage of recent technological advances related to fabricating and optimizing X-ray optical systems, as well as breakthroughs in inversion methodologies necessary to create spectrally pure maps from overlapping spectral images. MaGIXS is the first instrument of its kind to provide spatially resolved soft X-ray spectra across a wide field of view. The plasma diagnostics available in this spectral regime make this instrument a powerful tool for probing solar coronal heating. This paper presents details from the first MaGIXS flight, the captured observations, the data processing and inversion techniques, and the first science results.
Unified Picture of the Local Interstellar Magnetic Field from Voyager and IBEX
Authors: Rankin J. S. , McComas D. J. , Zirnstein E. J. , Burlaga L. F. , Heerikhuisen J.
Published: March 2023

Prior to the Voyagers’ heliopause crossings, models and the community expected the magnetic field to show major rotations across the boundary. Surprisingly, the field showed no significant change in direction from the heliospheric Parker Spiral at either Voyager location. Meanwhile, a major result from the IBEX mission is the derived magnitude and direction of the interstellar field far from the Sun (∼1000 au) beyond the influence of the heliosphere. Using a self-consistent model fit to IBEX ribbon data, Zirnstein et al. reported that this “pristine” local interstellar magnetic field has a magnitude of 0.293 nT and direction of 227° in ecliptic longitude and 34.°6 in ecliptic latitude. These values differ by 27% (51%) and 44° (12°) from what Voyager 1 (2) currently observes (as of ∼2022.75). While differences are to be expected as the field undrapes away from the heliosphere, the global structure of the draping across hundreds of astronimcal units has not been reconciled. This leads to several questions: How are these distinct sets of observations reconcilable? What is the interstellar magnetic field’s large-scale structure? How far out would a future mission need to go to sample the unperturbed field? Here, we show that if realistic errors are included for the difficult-to-calibrate radial field component, the measured transverse field is consistent with that predicted by IBEX, allowing us to answer these questions through a unified picture of the behavior of the local interstellar magnetic field from its draping around the heliopause to its unfolding into the pristine interstellar medium.
JWST Insight into a Lensed HST-dark Galaxy and Its Quiescent Companion at z = 2.58
Authors: Kokorev Vasily , Jin Shuowen , Magdis Georgios E. , Caputi Karina I. , Valentino Francesco , Dayal Pratika , Trebitsch Maxime , Brammer Gabriel , Fujimoto Seiji , Bauer Franz , Iani Edoardo , Kohno Kotaro , Sesé David Blánquez , Gómez-Guijarro Carlos , Rinaldi Pierluigi , Navarro-Carrera Rafael
Published: March 2023

Using the novel James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam observations in the A2744 field, we present a first spatially resolved overview of a Hubble Space Telescope (HST)-dark galaxy, spectroscopically confirmed at z = 2.58 with magnification μ ≈ 1.9. While being largely invisible at ∼1 μm with NIRCam, except for sparse clumpy substructures, the object is well detected and resolved in the long-wavelength bands with a spiral shape clearly visible in F277W. By combining ancillary Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and Herschel data, we infer that this object is an edge-on dusty spiral with an intrinsic stellar mass log (M
*/M
⊙) ∼ 11.3 and a dust-obscured star formation rate ∼300 M
⊙ yr−1. A massive quiescent galaxy (log (M
*/M
⊙) ∼ 10.8) with tidal features lies 2.″0 away (r ∼ 9 kpc), at a consistent redshift as inferred by JWST photometry, indicating a potential major merger. The dusty spiral lies on the main sequence of star formation, and shows high dust attenuation in the optical (3 < A

V
< 4.5). In the far-infrared, its integrated dust spectral energy distribution is optically thick up to λ
0 ∼ 500 μm, further supporting the extremely dusty nature. Spatially resolved analysis of the HST-dark galaxy reveals a largely uniform A

V
∼ 4 area spanning ∼57 kpc2, which spatially matches to the ALMA 1 mm continuum emission. Accounting for the surface brightness dimming and the depths of current JWST surveys, unlensed analogs of the HST-dark galaxy at z > 4 would be only detectable in F356W and F444W in an UNCOVER-like survey, and become totally JWST-dark at z ∼ 6. This suggests that detecting highly attenuated galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization might be a challenging task for JWST.
On the Gamma-Ray Emission of the Andromeda Galaxy M31
Authors: Xing Yi , Wang Zhongxiang , Zheng Dong , Li Jie
Published: March 2023

Using the γ-ray data obtained with the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi) for ∼14 yr, we examine the high-energy emission emanating from the center of the Andromeda galaxy M31. Different from previously reported results, which show a seemingly extended source, we instead find two individual point sources, one consistent with being at the center and one 0.°4 southeast of the center. The emission of the former is well described using a log-parabola model, similar to those of previous studies, and that of the latter can be fitted with a power law. We discuss the possible origins for the two sources. M31's central source, now consistent with being a point source, necessitates a revisit of its previously discussed originations with this new property taken into consideration, in particular those cosmic rays or dark matter scenarios involving extended source distributions. The SE source appears to have a projected distance of ∼6 kpc from M31's center, and the investigation is required as to whether it is a source locally associated with M31, or is instead a background extragalactic one.
Forecasting of garlic price based on DA-RNN using attention weight of temporal fusion transformers
Authors: Choi Eunjae , Park Yoosang , Choi Jongsun , Choi Jaeyoung , Mesicek Libor
Published: March 2023

Garlic is a major condiment vegetable grown in South Korea. The price of garlic has a great impact on Korean society and the economy, which requires price stabilization through preemptive supply and demand management. Therefore, the government attempts to keep the price adjusted according to the predicted production cost. However, classic statistical models or well-known deep learning models have lower forecast accuracy when the number of input factors increases. The aforementioned issue could make analysis approaches and their implementation difficult, and the government would confront failure in proper supply and demand management. To solve this problem, we propose a new hybrid deep-learning approach that employs well-known attention models. Recent attention models have achieved outstanding performance in time-series dataset forecasting. However, when input datasets contain dozens or hundreds of variables, the forecasting performance cannot be guaranteed because the prediction accuracy decreases. In this study, a novel approach utilizing attention weights for forecasting prices is introduced. Experience shows that forecasting accuracy can be improved using the proposed model, which deals with different variables related to garlic prices, such as atmospheric conditions, logistics processes, and environmental circumstances. The proposed approach and its model contribute to forecasting outputs for different research domains by using a variety of attention weight models.
Synthetic Control as Online Linear Regression
Authors: Chen Jiafeng
Published: March 2023

This paper notes a simple connection between synthetic control and online learning. Specifically, we recognize synthetic control as an instance of
Follow‐The‐Leader (FTL). Standard results in online convex optimization then imply that, even when outcomes are chosen by an adversary, synthetic control predictions of counterfactual outcomes for the treated unit perform almost as well as an oracle weighted average of control units' outcomes. Synthetic control on differenced data performs almost as well as oracle weighted difference‐in‐differences, potentially making it an attractive choice in practice. We argue that this observation further supports the use of synthetic control estimators in comparative case studies.
How Teen Wolf’s transmasculine fans use online fandom to build community and representation
Authors: Page Ari
Published: March 2023

When media are unable or unwilling to provide accurate trans representation, trans fans use online fan communities to create their own representation and invent entire worlds that transgressively diverge from the source. The transmasculine fans of Teen Wolf are exemplary of this phenomenon, revealing that the foundational work within the show offers a rich (though unsanctioned) basis for trans connection through lycanthropy, transformation, and queer masculinity. This article looks at the possibilities for projecting trans experiences onto fictionalized bodies in a way that is celebratory, euphoric, and reparative.
VideoDL: Video-Based Digital Learning Framework Using AI Question Generation and Answer Assessment
Authors: Forkan Abdur Rahim Mohammad , Kang Yong-Bin , Jayaraman Prem Prakash , Du Hung , Thomson Steven , Kollias Elizabeth , Wieland Natalie
Published: March 2023

Assessing learners’ understanding and competency in video-based digital learning is time-consuming and very difficult for educators, as it requires the generation of accurate and valid questions from pre-recorded learning videos. This paper demonstrates VideoDL, a video-based learning framework powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) that supports automatic question generation and answer assessment from videos. VideoDL comprises of various AI algorithms, and an interactive web-based user interface (UI) developed using the principles of human-centred design. Our empirical evaluation using real-world videos from multiple domains demonstrates the effectiveness of VideoDL.
Concepts of Experiential Learning in Digital Collaboration
Authors: Knoblauch Christoph
Published: March 2023

Reflecting on the manifold interrelations of experience and education, this paper focuses on concepts of experiential learning in digital collaboration in the higher education sector. Therefore, evaluation findings from a digital project-based course in the higher education sector are discussed with a primary focus on students’ experiences in collaborative digital settings. It thereby discusses the results of a qualitative study that concentrates on the students’ experiences within the course and the collaborative projects. The study uses digital qualitative interviews for the evaluation research. By doing so, the study investigates and reflects the quality of students’ experiences and their possible influences on learning. It also discusses the question of how these experiences can be constructively implemented to improve future digital or blended-learning scenarios in the higher education sector. On that basis, possible implications for concepts of experiential learning in digital collaboration are discussed.
Anomalous entropic effects in physical systems associated with collective consciousness
Authors: Radin Dean
Published: March 2023

Beginning in 1998, a network of electronic random number generators located around the world has continuously recorded samples of truly random bits. The resulting data were used to explore a hypothesis that predicts the emergence of anomalous structure in randomness correlated with events that attract widespread human attention. A formal experiment testing this hypothesis from 1998 to 2015 found a highly significant deviation from chance expectation. However, the duration of the selected events comprised less than 5% of all data available through 2022, so the present analysis examined the full database to see if emergence of nonrandom structure was limited to those events, or if it was reflective of a persistent, if subtle, relationship between collective mind and matter. Two analytical methods were used to study emergent structure in time-series data: Multiscale entropy and a novel deconvolution technique. Both methods provided evidence consistent with the hypothesis, suggesting that some aspect of collective consciousness appears to be anomalously associated with aspects of the physical world.
Advancing Sustainable Development Through Teacher Professional Development
Authors: Miller Foster Melanie J. , Foster Daniel D.
Published: March 2023

Teachers are at the heart of education systems because they directly interact with and influence learners in communities around the world. Teachers should be supported through dynamic professional development to engage them as critical partners in sustainable development. Professional development should exhibit the research-based characteristics of a strong content focus, active learning, collaboration, and sufficient duration. Connecting to teacher professional identities and supporting the development of teacher efficacy can help inspire teachers to become change agents in their communities. Communities of practice are one example of professional development practice that bring these elements together. Teacher professional development is an important component of the transformation, but teacher professional development needs to be supported by the educational system to fully realize the potential for impact.
The Engineering Curriculum of Higher Education in Indonesia Revisited
Authors: Supraba Intan , Surjono  , Hasiholan Budi , Perdana Indra , Laory Irwanda , Georgoulas Angelos , Koumpouros Yiannis , Kremmyda Georgia
Published: March 2023

Over the years humanitarian issues have increased in many parts of the world including Indonesia. Such issues drive the need to evaluate Indonesia's engineering higher education curriculum. Aiming to provide a constructive contribution to inherent humanitarian aspects in the engineering education curriculum, this study revisits the teaching and learning programs in each curriculum of three public universities in Indonesia (i.e., ITB, UB, and UGM). The survey was conducted on 112 respondents from higher education providers and quality assurance agency and 43 respondents from the industry. Results show that about half of postgraduate and a quarter of undergraduate programmes have already run humanitarian engineering programs. According to the industry, undergraduates have better average scores in creativity and leadership, while postgraduates have higher average scores in other parameters such as analytical skills, experience in real-life applications, practical skills, and teamwork skills.
Artificial Intelligence in Teleradiology
Authors: Lobo Manuel Duarte
Published: March 2023

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been progressively merging into the daily practice of many healthcare professionals. Radiology is a branch of medicine that can benefit from these new technological advancements, as it is a data-rich medical specialty and is well-placed to embrace AI. Specifically, radiologists are in a distinctive position to support the AI revolution because of their direct access to a significant amount of data. In turn, these AI tools can improve pathology detection by radiologists, thereby resulting in better, more accurate, and sooner diagnostics. The chapter aims to provide some new insights into AI concepts, tools, and their application in medical imaging. Several technologies are becoming more available in all imaging modalities, as the COVID-19 pandemic forced a rapid transition to a new era of digital health. In conclusion, the next generation of AI-based diagnostic imaging systems will surely have a serious impact on daily educational and healthcare institutions for the next generation.
Dental Education in the Information Age
Authors: Rao Gururajaprasad Kaggal Lakshmana , Mokhtar Norehan
Published: March 2023

An autonomous smart learning environment (ASLE) is a new educational paradigm that utilizes artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to provide personalized, adaptive, and self-directed learning experiences. Although the clinical aspects of dentistry have experienced technological advancements, the development and implementation of ASLE in dental education are scarce. The goal of this chapter is to investigate the potential of ASLE as a teaching and learning tool in dentistry education and how it can be used to improve the learning experience and outcomes for dental students. Furthermore, it will highlight the current pedagogical approaches used in dental and oral medicine as well as the processes that can be incorporated to strengthen the current training needs of Generation Z learners. Overall, this chapter will provide insights into the potential of ASLE to enhance the quality of education in dentistry, inform the development of future ASLE-based dental education programs, and introduce dental education in the information age.
Building a Conversational Chatbot Using Machine Learning
Authors: Solanki Ram Kumar , Rajawat Anand Singh , Gadekar Amit R. , Patil Manoj Eknath
Published: March 2023

The healthcare industry is facing numerous challenges in providing efficient and effective care to patients, including increased demand, limited resources, and a growing shortage of healthcare providers. To address these challenges, many healthcare organizations are turning to technology, specifically artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), to improve patient care and outcomes. In response, the development of smart chatbots has emerged as a promising solution in the healthcare field. This chapter focuses on the design and implementation of a smart chatbot using AI and ML for healthcare applications. The main goal of the chatbot is to provide a more convenient and accessible method of delivering healthcare information and services to patients. This chapter will also explore the various components and algorithms used in the design of the chatbot, as well as its potential impact on the healthcare industry. Overall, this chapter demonstrates the value of AI and ML in healthcare and encourages further exploration and development of chatbots for healthcare applications.
Motivating Factors for Hotel Employees
Authors: Bentalha Badr
Published: March 2023

Faced with a changing environment, technological developments, and increased global competition, companies are progressively focusing on key success factors that generate an inimitable competitive advantage. Among these factors, human resources were and still are a primary resource. The motivation of human resources provokes the desire for accomplishment, which translates into a personality disposition that pushes the individual to strive for performance. This motivation is essential in service companies and especially in the hotel industry. The purpose of the research is to identify the factors that affect the motivation of employees in hotel companies and the importance of these factors for the employees. The study is based on a fuzzy research method. Based on a literature review, the authors synthesized the indicators related to motivation in hotels. Of the various motivational factors analyzed, training, development, and remuneration are the strongest.
Host Blood Transcriptional Signatures as Candidate Biomarkers for Predicting Progression to Active Tuberculosis
Authors: Kim Chang Ho , Choi Gahye , Lee Jaehee
Published: March 2023

A recent understanding of the dynamic continuous spectrum of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection has led to the recognition of incipient tuberculosis, which refers to the latent infection state that has begun to progress to active tuberculosis. The importance of early detection of these individuals with a high-risk of progression to active tuberculosis is emphasized to efficiently implement targeted tuberculosis preventive therapy. However, the tuberculin skin test or interferon-γ release assay, which is currently used for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection, does not aid in the prediction of the risk of progression to active tuberculosis. Thus, a novel test is urgently needed. Recently, simultaneous and systematic analysis of differentially expressed genes using a high-throughput platform has enabled the discovery of key genes that may serve potential biomarkers for the diagnosis or prognosis of diseases. This host transcriptional investigation has been extended to the field of tuberculosis, providing promising results. The present review focuses on recent progress and challenges in the field of blood transcriptional signatures to predict progression to active tuberculosis.
The Design and Implementation of a Novel Mental Health Literacy Educational Intervention Program in Gaelic Footballers
Authors: O’Keeffe Sinéad , Ní Chéilleachair Niamh , O’Hagan Anna Donnla , Campbell Mark , O’Connor Siobhán
Published: March 2023

Context

Lack of education, stigma, and negative self-attitudes are key barriers to help-seeking in Gaelic footballers. With the prevalence of mental health issues in Gaelic footballers and the increased risk of experiencing mental health challenges after injury, mental health literacy (MHL) interventions are necessary.

Objectives

To design and implement a novel MHL educational intervention program in Gaelic footballers.

Design

Controlled laboratory study.

Setting

Online.

Patients or Other Participants

Elite and subelite Gaelic footballers divided into intervention (n = 70; age = 25.1 ± 4.5 years) and control (n = 75; age = 24.4 ± 6.0 years) groups. In the intervention group, 85 participants were recruited, but 15 dropped out after completing baseline measures.

Interventions

A novel educational intervention program, “GAA [Gaelic Athletic Association] and Mental Health—Injury and a Healthy Mind,” was designed to address the key components of MHL and was underpinned by the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Help-Seeking Model. The intervention was implemented online via a brief 25-minute presentation.

Main Outcome Measures

Measures of stigma, help-seeking attitudes, and MHL were completed by the intervention group at baseline, immediately after viewing the MHL program, and at 1 week and 1 month after the intervention. The control group completed the measures at similar time points.

Results

Stigma decreased, and attitudes toward help-seeking and MHL increased in the intervention group from baseline to after the intervention (P < .05), with significant differences sustained at 1-week and 1-month follow-ups. Our results showed differences in stigma, attitudes, and MHL between groups across time points. Intervention participants provided positive feedback, and the program was appraised as informative.

Conclusions

Remote online delivery of a novel MHL educational program can effectively decrease mental health stigma, improve attitudes toward help-seeking, and increase the recognition and knowledge of mental health issues. Gaelic footballers with improved MHL may be better equipped to manage their mental health and cope with stressors, leading to improved mental health outcomes and overall mental well-being.
Safety considerations with the current ambulatory trends: more complicated procedures and more complicated patients
Authors: Young Steven , Osman Brian , Shapiro Fred E.
Published: March 2023

In the last quarter of a century, the backdrop of appropriate ambulatory and office-based surgeries has changed dramatically. Procedures that were traditionally done in hospitals or patients being admitted after surgery are migrating to the outpatient setting and being discharged on the same day, respectively, at a remarkable rate. In the face of this exponential growth, anesthesiologists are constantly being challenged to maintain patient safety by understanding the appropriate patient selection, procedure, and surgical location. Recently published literature supports the trend of higher, more medically complex patients, and more complicated procedures shifting towards the outpatient arena. Several reasons that may account for this include cost incentives, advancement in anesthesia techniques, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols, and increased patient satisfaction. Anesthesiologists must understand that there is a lack of standardized state regulations regarding ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) and office-based surgery (OBS) centers. Current and recently graduated anesthesiologists should be aware of the safety concerns related to the various non-hospital-based locations, the sustained growth and demand for anesthesia in the office, and the expansion of mobile anesthesia practices in the US in order to keep up and practice safely with the professional trends. Continuing procedural ambulatory shifts will require ongoing outcomes research, likely prospective in nature, on these novel outpatient procedures, in order to develop risk stratification and prediction models for the selection of the proper patient, procedure, and surgery location.
Anesthetic management for non-cardiac surgery in patients with left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Min Jeong-Jin , Cho Yang Hyun , Lee Sangmin M. , Lee Jong-Hwan
Published: March 2023

With the growing number of patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation and improved survival in this population, more patients with LVADs are presenting for various types of non-cardiac surgery. Therefore, anesthesiologists need to understand the physiology and adequately prepare for the perioperative management of this unique patient population. This review addresses perioperative considerations and intraoperative management for the safe and successful management of patients with an LVAD undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Understanding the basic physiology of preload dependency and afterload sensitivity in these patients is essential. The main considerations include a collaborative preoperative multidisciplinary approach, perioperative care aimed at optimizing the intravascular volume and right ventricular function, and maintaining the afterload within recommended ranges for optimal LVAD function.
A Narrative Review on Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease: Physical Activity Thresholds for Optimizing Health Outcomes
Authors: Franklin Barry A. , Eijsvogels Thijs M. H.
Published: March 2023

The favorable risk factor profiles and superb cardiac performance of elite long-distance runners, as well as the anti-aging effects of exercise, have likely contributed to the escalating number of adults worldwide who have embraced the notion that “more exercise is invariably better.≵ Nevertheless, vigorous-to-high-intensity physical activity (PA), particularly when unaccustomed, appears to be a trigger for acute cardiac events in individuals with known or occult atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or structural cardiovascular abnormalities, most notably, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Although regular endurance exercise and moderate-to-vigorous PA provide established cardioprotective benefits, high-volume, high-intensity exercise training regimens appear to induce maladaptive cardiac remodeling in some individuals. These potential adverse cardiac adaptations include accelerated coronary artery calcification (CAC), elevated cardiac biomarker release, myocardial fibrosis, and atrial fibrillation (AF), which may be described by a reverse J-shaped curve. However, the risk for acute cardiovascular events is lower in fit/active persons compared to their unfit/inactive counterparts with the same CAC scores. Similarly, the risk of AF is the highest in habitually sedentary older adults, decreases with light-to-moderate intensity regular PA but increases with high-volume, high-intensity exercise regimens (i.e., reverse J-shaped curve). This review examines these relations and more, with specific reference to the World Health Organization exercise intensity and duration recommendations for optimal health, as well as the thresholds for other research-based exercise metrics, including steps/day and the concept of metabolic equivalents-minutes/week. The primary beneficiaries of exercise training programs and long-term goal training intensities, based on age, sex, and “good≵ fitness, are also discussed. In summary, the benefits of regular moderate-to-vigorous PA and the associated improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness far outweigh the risks for most individuals.
Sudden Hair “Felting” during Styling Procedure
Authors: Attia Enas A. S.
Published: March 2023

Acute scalp hair “felting” is a rare acquired condition that presents with sudden severe twisting, entangling, and matting of scalp hair into a stiff tightly packed mass, in otherwise healthy individuals. In such conditions, the mechanism of hair matting is almost like the process of “felting” in wool and textile industry, where adjacent fibers are compacted together in a warm liquid medium. Herein, a case of acute hair “felting” during styling practice is discussed with the possible predisposing factors, prophylaxis, and treatment.
Impact of Acid (”Progressive Brush”) and Alkaline Straightening on the Hair Fiber
Authors: Velasco Maria Valéria Robles , de Sá-Dias Tânia Cristina , Dario Michelli Ferrera , Bedin Valcinir , Fileto Marjory Bernardes , de Oliveira Andressa Costa , Pinto Claudinéia Aparecida Sales de Oliveira , Baby André Rolim
Published: March 2023

Background:

Glyoxylic acid has emerged as a safe alternative to formol (formaldehyde) use as a hair straightener/relaxer. However, the possible damage to the hair fiber after its application is low known and/or published in the literature.

Aims:

This work aims to characterize hair locks treated with glyoxylic acid compared to traditional alkaline straighteners such as sodium and guanidine hydroxide and ammonium thioglycolate.

Materials and Methods:

The morphology of the hair cuticles was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Protein loss was assessed by the Lowry method modified by Peterson and as mechanical properties that were expressed in terms of tensile strength.

Results:

All products (sodium and guanidine hydroxides and ammonium thioglycolate) caused protein loss of about 2.5 μg/g, except glyoxylic acid that caused the worst damage (3.5 μg/g), in relation to the untreated (virgin) hair (1.12 μg/g), indicating that the chemical treatments can cause hair damage in both cuticles and cortex. The force to break the fibers treated with traditional straighteners based on sodium hydroxide, guanidine hydroxide, and ammonium thioglycolate was statistically the same.

Conclusion:

The treatment with glyoxylic acid showed rupture tensile statistically equivalent to the alkaline straighteners. The mechanism of action of glyoxylic acid does not appear to be based on breaking and rearrangement of disulfide bridges, but altered them, that influenced the hair strength. However, it is also essential to consider other factors relevant: technical application technique, reaction time, and interval of reapplication of the product, as this can change the pattern of the results obtained.
Psoriasiform Drug Eruption to Finasteride
Authors: Muddebihal Aishwarya , Khurana Ananta , Kulhari Anita , Ahuja Arvind
Published: March 2023

Finasteride, a 5-α reductase inhibitor, is generally well tolerated on long-term use and cutaneous adverse events have rarely been observed with the drug. We present the case of a 25-year-old male who developed an extensive psoriasiform eruption within a week of starting finasteride 1 mg for androgenetic alopecia.
The Association between the Number of Follicular Stelae and Severity and Treatment Response of Alopecia Areata Cases
Authors: Gencebay Güllü , Aşkın Özge , Aydın Övgü , Serdaroğlu Server
Published: March 2023

Background:

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by peribulbar lymphocytic infiltration, follicular miniaturization, catagen/telogen follicles, and increased follicular stelae (streamers) in skin biopsies.

Objectives:

Our aim was to assess the number of follicular stelae of patients with AA and to evaluate their association with clinical type and severity and treatment response of AA.

Materials and Methods:

Histopathologic features including number of follicular stelae were recorded in skin biopsies taken from lesions of AA in 142 patients who attended our dermatology clinic from 2011 to 2017.

Results:

There was a statistically significant correlation between the patient age and the number of follicular stelae (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between the severity of disease and the number of follicular stelae (P = 0.005). AA subtypes (0%–25% scalp hair loss) had a significantly lower number of follicular stelae than 75%–100% scalp hair loss and alopecia universalis (7.92 ± 4.21 vs. 13.23 ± 7.28). There was no statistically significant correlation between the treatment response and the number of follicular stelae (P = 0.75).

Conclusion:

Our results showed that number of follicular stelae varied among AA clinical types and correlated with severity. This study was the first to evaluate the correlation between the number of follicular stelae and severity of AA.
Hair Aging and Hair Disorders in Elderly Patients
Authors: Villani Alessia , Ferrillo Maria , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Ocampo-Garza Sonia Sofía , Scalvenzi Massimiliano , Ruggiero Angelo
Published: March 2023

Hair loss in elderly patients is a common complaint. It can be related to different conditions that affect patients’ quality of life and represents a challenge for dermatologists. It affects both men and women during the aging process with an estimated percentage of balding after 65 years of age of 53% and 37%, respectively. Androgenetic alopecia, frontal fibrosing alopecia, senile alopecia, and erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp are the hair diseases most frequently described in this age group. The objective of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about alopecia affecting elderly patients, differentiating between chronological hair aging signs and pathological changes, to help clinicians, offer an adequate management of these disorders to their patients.
Neurosurgical management of patients with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome
Authors: Rock Mitchell B. , Zhao David Y. , Felbaum Daniel R. , Sandhu Faheem A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a connective tissue disorder that has been linked to several neurological problems including Chiari malformations, atlantoaxial instability (AAI), craniocervical instability (CCI), and tethered cord syndrome. However, neurosurgical management strategies for this unique population have not been well-explored to date. The purpose of this study is to explore cases of EDS patients who required neurosurgical intervention to better characterize the neurological conditions they face and to better understand how neurosurgeons should approach the management of these patients.

Methods:

A retrospective review was done on all patients with a diagnosis of EDS who underwent a neurosurgical operation with the senior author (FAS) between January 2014 and December 2020. Demographic, clinical, operative, and outcome data were collected, with additional radiographic data collected on patients chosen as case illustrations.

Results:

Sixty-seven patients were identified who met the criteria for this study. The patients experienced a wide array of preoperative diagnoses, with Chiari malformation, AAI, CCI, and tethered cord syndrome representing the majority. The patients underwent a heterogeneous group of operations with the majority including a combination of the following procedures– suboccipital craniectomy, occipitocervical fusion, cervical fusion, odontoidectomy, and tethered cord release. The vast majority of patients experienced subjective symptomatic relief from their series of procedures.

Conclusions:

EDS patients are prone to instability, especially in the occipital-cervical region, which may predispose these patients to require a higher rate of revision procedures and may require modifications in neurosurgical management that should be further explored.
Ozone disc nucleolysis in the management of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc
Authors: Ghatge Sharad Balasaheb , Shah Rohit Pannalal , Surya Nirmal , Sankhala Suresh , Unadkat Chetan Jagjivandas , Khan Gulam M. , Modi Dhaval B.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Various minimally invasive surgeries were proposed for the management of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. However, to choose optimal treatment modality to maximize patient benefit is a clinical challenge for the treatment givers.

Objective:

The objective was to study the role of ozone disc nucleolysis in the management of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc by retrospective analysis.

Methodology:

We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients of lumbar disc herniation treated by ozone disc nucleolysis during May 2007–May 2021. There were total of 2089 patients with 58% of males and 42% of females. The age ranged from 18 to 88 years. Outcome was measured on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) along with modified MacNab method.

Results:

The mean baseline VAS score was 7.73, which became 3.07 at 1 month, 1.44 at 3 months, 1.42 at 6 months, and 1.36 at 1 year. Similarly, the mean ODI index was 35.92 at baseline, which improved to 9.17 at 1 month, 6.14 at 3 months, 6.10 at 6 months, and 6.09 at 1 year. VAS score and ODI analysis was found to be statistically significant with P < 0.05. Modified MacNab criterion showed successful treatment outcome in 85.6% with excellent recovery in 1161 (55.58%), good recovery in 423 (20.25%), and fair recovery in 204 (9.77%). Mediocre or no recovery was seen in the remaining 301 patients amounting to a 14.40% failure rate.

Conclusion:

This retrospective analysis confirms that ozone disc nucleolysis is an optimally effective and least invasive treatment option for herniated lumbar intervertebral disc with a significant reduction in disability.
A rare case of “Brown tumor” of the axis with parathyroid adenoma and tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Srikantha Umesh , Hari Akshay , Lokanath Yadhu K , Mahesh D. M.
Published: March 2023

“Brown tumors (BTs)” of the spine are benign rare lesions, seen in about 5%–13% of all patients with chronic hyperparathyroidism (HPT). They are not true neoplasms and are also known as osteitis fibrosa cystica or occasionally osteoclastoma. Radiological presentations are often misleading and may mimic other common lesions such as metastasis. A strong clinical suspicion is therefore necessary, especially in the background of chronic kidney disease with HPT and parathyroid adenoma. Surgical spinal fixation in case of instability due to pathological fracture may be required along with excision of the parathyroid adenoma being the treatment of choice, that maybe usually curative and carries a good prognosis. We would like to report one such rare case of BT involving the axis, or C2 vertebra, presenting with neck pain and weakness that was treated surgically. Only a few cases of spinal BTs have been reported so far in the literature. Involvement of cervical vertebrae and in particular C2 is rarer still with the one in this report only being the fourth such case.