bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal Awareness of The Muslim Community Regarding Debt Agreements With Bank Tungul
Authors: Afifah Nur , Tarmidzi Tarmidzi
Published: December 2023

Lending and borrowing agreements that contain high interest often occur in the general public, especially Muslims today. One of them is the loan agreement with Bank Tungul, which incidentally contains high interest. In addition to debts under Islamic law, it is clear that the law is unlawful because there is an element of usury in it, as emphasized in QS. Al-Baqarah verse 275. However, in society, such practices are still practiced and considered normal by the Muslim community. The research method used is empirical juridical research with a sociological approach. The purpose of this study was to analyze the legal awareness of the people in the debt agreement made with Bank Tungul and to find out the factors that influence the community in carrying out debts and receivables with Bank Tungul. The results of the study show that the legal awareness of the people of Kebumen Village in the loan agreement with Bank Tungul is low. The community does not yet have extensive knowledge and understanding of the prohibition of usury, especially in debt transactions, so their attitudes and behavior when making loans do not consider the loan's interest. The factors influencing the people carrying out debts and receivables with Bank Tungul include educational, religious, social, and economic factors and the ease of transactions. This research can be a reference in increasing legal awareness related to the problems arising from debts that contain usury.
Implementation of Halal Practices in Providing Supplementary Food in Kindergartens, Indonesia
Authors: Utami Fitria Budi , Lestari Maya , Gumilar Yogi , Marohom Jalaloden Bansil , Viña Nerissa G. Dela
Published: December 2023

The provision of supplementary food is outlined in the guidelines for the development of the health of students in kindergarten, as stated in the Minister of Health Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 66 of 2014. In this context, the provision of supplementary food constitutes nutritional education in the form of communal meals once a week. This activity is also utilized by kindergarten teachers as a means of implementing halal practices among early childhood learners. The aim of this research is twofold: 1) to describe the implementation of halal and healthy supplementary food activities in kindergartens; 2) to delineate the roles of class teachers and school principals in planning and executing the provision of halal and healthy supplementary food in kindergartens. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach. The research subjects include the implementation of halal practices in supplementary food provision, with participants comprising school principals, class teachers, parents, and children. The data analysis model employed in this research is the Miles and Huberman model. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document analysis. The findings of the study reveal that the implementation of halal practices in supplementary food provision in three schools in Tangerang is relatively successful. Both teachers and school principals meticulously plan the sourcing, production, and use of halal-certified food items. Additionally, teachers provide explanations to the students about the nature of the food they are about to consume, emphasizing its halal and healthy attributes. However, it is important to note the limited involvement of parents in these activities. Their support is crucial not only for ensuring the nutritional quality but also the halal status of the supplementary food provided.
Introducing Halal Snacks to Children: A Phenomenological Study in Indonesian Kindergartens
Authors: Gumilar Yogi , Lestari Maya , Utami Fitria Budi , Larsari Vahid Norouzi , Marohom Jalaloden Bansil , Viña Nerissa G. Dela
Published: December 2023

This study examines how kindergarten teachers in Tangerang, Indonesia, introduce the concept of halal snacks to young children within the country's diverse cultural and religious background. Halal food holds great importance in Indonesia, both due to religious beliefs and public health policies, making it a complex subject to teach in early childhood education. Using a phenomenological approach, the research explores teachers' experiences in teaching young children about halal snacks. The findings reveal the challenges faced by these teachers and the opportunities they seize to simplify the concept for their students. Teachers actively engage with children, using examples and practical demonstrations to convey the importance of halal food. They also navigate cultural and religious factors, which significantly influence policies and practices within kindergartens. This study highlights the crucial role of teachers in shaping children's understanding of halal snacks during early education. It not only uncovers the challenges but also provides practical solutions, emphasizing the importance of incorporating halal values into children's learning experiences.
Healthy and Halal Food’s Contribution to Children After The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Intansari Ilfi , Wulandari Sisca , Sugara Ujang , Rahman Nor Aida Abdul
Published: December 2023

This research aimed to Educate children about healthy and halal food in their growth and development, provide experience to children about healthy and halal food practices, and analyze the improvement of children's post-service knowledge about healthy and halal food. The data analysis used quantitative and qualitative descriptive techniques. The researchers used quantitative analysis to observe the difference between pre-test and post-test, and these differences were subsequently explained. Qualitative analysis was used by researchers on observational data. The results of these observations were then described. Through the research process, this study found that children received education about healthy food and halal in the growth and development of children, as evidenced by the observations during the activities of children listening to explanations submitted by researchers. Furthermore, Children enthusiastically worked on questions and answers, as observed through their eagerness to answer questions from researchers, and they enthusiastically worked on practical activities, as evidenced by the results of observations that they enthusiastically searched and pasted pictures and words. Halal food contributes to children's growth and development. This study initiative distinguished itself by placing a unique emphasis on providing knowledge to children regarding the complexities and advantages of nutritious and halal food for optimal growth in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. It aimed to fill a crucial gap in children's education. This study had its limitations as it was conducted only at one elementary school.
Halal Food and Inclusivity in Children’s Literature: A Case Study of Halal Exploration from Cultural and Religious Perspectives in Kindergartens in Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Maya , Gumilar Yogi , Utami Fitria Budi , Bashir Shahid
Published: December 2023

Halal food holds profound cultural and religious significance in Indonesian society. In the Early Childhood Education (ECE) context, understanding halal food becomes pivotal in ensuring genuine inclusivity for all children. This paper examines how halal food is integrated into children's literature in kindergarten and how the integration impacts the inclusivity of children from diverse cultural and religious backgrounds. This paper adopts a case study approach to comprehend how cultural and religious perspectives influence the understanding and implementation of halal food in children's literature in kindergarten. The findings provide deep insights into how halal food can serve as a crucial tool in promoting inclusivity in kindergarten while respecting Indonesia's cultural and religious diversity. This paper also offers practical recommendations for educators and policymakers in the field of ECE to ensure that halal food and inclusive children's literature become integral components of children's learning experiences in kindergarten. This paper explores the importance of halal food within the context of inclusivity in ECE settings, specifically in Indonesian kindergarten through children's literature. This paper contributes to enhancing a more inclusive education system aligned with Indonesia's cultural and religious values.
Deradicalization of Islamists: Theory and Practices (International and Russian Experience)
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Nefliasheva Naima
Published: December 2023

The article is based on the materials of the international scientific conference held by the Center for Civilizational and Regional Studies of the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Deradicalization of Islamists: Theory and Practices (International and Russian Experience)”. The conference was attended by both representatives of the academic circles from Russia, Kazakhstan and the United States, and practitioners, psychologists and social workers who are directly involved in the programs of deradicalization of Islamists in their countries. The conference discussed the main directions and theoretical approaches of deradicalization, as well as specific programs and practices of the deradicalization of Islamists. Special attention was paid to the possibilities of applying international experience in the Russian Federation. The conference was interdisciplinary. According to the participants of the conference, the programs adopted in different countries have their own regional specifics, but each program somehow includes work with convicts or those who are at risk: sessions with respected and authoritative religious figures and imams; work with psychologists; involvement in the process of deradicalization of the inner circle, parents, friends and family; vocational education and obtaining a profession, as well as integration into the process of peaceful life after the convicts were released after imprisonment. Deradicalization programs should be comprehensive in nature, including not only forceful methods, but also a set of measures for training, education and social rehabilitation. Despite different approaches to the main definitions of deradicalization, the participants of the discussion demonstrated unanimity in assessing the relevance of the topic and its prospects. The paper contains an introduction and the short theses of the conference participants. At the end of the work, a conclusion is given, which summarizes the main results of the conference.
Social Responsibility of Business as a Potential of Russian-African Relations (Empirical Research Experience in the Countries of the African Continent)
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Kharitonova Elena
Published: December 2023

The image of Russia and the credibility of its policies are closely linked to the image of its business. The positive or negative perception of Russia as a whole largely depends on how Russian companies do business in Africa. The article presents a study of the social perceptions of Africans of the social responsibility of businesses operating in African countries. A comparative analysis of the representations of the «African side» and the «Russian side» is demonstrated. The empirical basis of the study was the data collected by the author. The results obtained demonstrate significant differences in the perceptions of social responsibility of business among African and Russian respondents. In some cases, diametrically opposite results were obtained. The data indicate that there is a problem area at the level of social perceptions – a potential basis for a lack of understanding or even a conflict between the Russian and the African sides. The author concludes that the ideas of the «correct» models of social responsibility of business among Africans are connected with their value system, with the understanding of «social justice». Knowledge of preferred and rejected business social responsibility models among African partners can be a competitive advantage in establishing Russian-African business relations. It can be assumed that information about the «problem areas» will help to avoid communication errors and «traps» associated with ignorance, misunderstanding and disregard of the social perceptions of African partners. The author suggests that knowledge of the social perceptions, needs, moods, «requests» of the African side is an important condition for building effective business communications and can contribute to the realization of the potential of the Russian-African partnership.
African Strategies: a Comparison of Present-Day Approaches Employed by External Actors Toward the Continent
Authors: Panin Nikita
Published: December 2023

The article explores the conceptual approaches adopted by China, the U.S. and some European nations, notably Germany and France, as the basis for their African policies. The analysis offers a comprehensive comparison, accounting for the main ideas on Africa as contained in the new edition of Russia’s Foreign Policy Concept. Arguably, the strategies contain divergent visions of the geographic scope as well as the conceptual framework for engaging Africa. Besides, the approaches differ when assessing the role other actors have to play in Africa, ranging from open competition up to a certain readiness for partnerships in specific issue areas. For each case, the author discusses its own specifics.
Decision-Making for Local Government Finance Management in Tanzania: The Case of Bukombe District, Geita Region
Authors: Mtasigazya Paul
Published: December 2023

This study explored the factors associated with ineffective decision-making processes in local government authorities’ (LGAs) Finance Management in Tanzania, the case of Bukombe District. This study was guided by two objectives: i) To examine the institutional decision-making processes which contribute to ineffective governance of public finance in LGAs and ii) To explore the extent local government staff has knowledge on the factors associated with effective decision-making in management of public finances in LGAs. This study used a case study research design while data were collected through interviews and documentary review. A sample size of 80 respondents was selected through purposive sampling and data were analyzed using content analysis. The study findings indicate that public officials were not aware and knowledgeable in financial decision-making processes and did not comprehend the laws governing management of public finances. Thus, the study concludes that LGAs’ and central government’s decision-making processes fuel ineffective management of public finances in local government authorities. Therefore, this study recommends that the central government should put in place serious measures to support local governments in their efforts to ensure participation in decision-making process by hiring qualified staff with financial management skills.
Application of Improved Frog Leaping Algorithm in Multi objective Optimization of Engineering Project Management
Authors:   School of Civil Engineering, Hebei Polytechnic Institute, Shijiazhuang, China, Wang Yongxian , Ma Junxia ,   School of Civil Engineering, Hebei Polytechnic Institute, Shijiazhuang, China, Zhang Yanrong ,   Shijiazhuang Construction Group Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang, China
Published: December 2023

The development of information has promoted the development of various industries, and the development of industries will inevitably lead to intensified competition, including the construction industry. To enhance the competitiveness of construction enterprises in the industry, a multi-objective optimization model for construction project management has been proposed. At the same time, carbon emission was included as one of the optimization objectives in the experiment. This can also align the construction industry with the concept of modern green development. A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy was proposed to improve the hybrid frog leaping algorithm, and the improved hybrid frog leaping algorithm was used to solve multi-objective optimization problems. The improved hybrid frog leaping algorithm performed better in solving multi-objective optimization problems. The improved hybrid frog leaping algorithm found a total of 132 Pareto solution sets, while the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy only found 23 Pareto solution sets. And the solution set of the improved hybrid frog leaping algorithm is closer to the optimal position. The optimized duration and cost of the improved hybrid frog leaping algorithm are lower, with an optimal duration of 135 days and a minimum cost of $20,000. A multi-objective optimization model for engineering project management incorporating carbon emissions was successfully constructed in the study, and the multi-objective optimization problem was solved.
Characterizing the Momentary Association Between Loneliness, Depression, and Social Interactions: Insights from an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Kuczynski Adam M. , Piccirillo Marilyn , Dora Jonas , Kuehn Kevin Scott , Halvorson Max Andrew , King Kevin Michael , Kanter Jonathan
Published: December 2023

Evidence suggests that loneliness causes people to feel more depressed. It is unknown, however, why this association occurs and whether momentary versus chronic experiences of loneliness are implicated. Theoretical accounts suggest that momentary feelings of loneliness produce two competing motivations: social reaffiliation and social withdrawal. Social affiliation is protective against depression; social withdrawal, in contrast, is a risk factor. Thus, engaging in frequent and high-quality interactions following experiences of loneliness may protect against subsequent depression. We tested this hypothesis using a random-interval experience sampling design (5x/day, 14 days; Nobs = 6,568) with a racially/ethnically diverse sample of adults with elevated depression symptoms (N = 102). Momentary loneliness was associated with depressed mood at the same time point and ~2.5 and ~5 hours later. Frequency and quality of social interaction did not moderate these associations. Findings suggest that momentary feelings of loneliness may be an important target for clinical intervention.
Detecting Adolescent Depression Through Passive Monitoring of Linguistic Markers in Smartphone Communication
Authors: Funkhouser Carter J.
Published: December 2023

Background: Cross-sectional studies have identified linguistic correlates of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in smartphone communication. However, it is unclear whether monitoring these linguistic characteristics can detect when an individual is experiencing MDD, which would facilitate timely intervention. Methods: Approximately, 1.2 million messages typed into smartphone social communication apps (e.g., texting, social media) were passively collected from 90 adolescents with a range of depression severity over a 12-month period. Sentiment (i.e., positive versus negative valence of text), proportions of first-person singular pronouns (e.g., ‘I’), and proportions of absolutist words (e.g., ‘all’) were computed for each message and converted to weekly aggregates temporally aligned with weekly MDD statuses obtained from retrospective interviews. Idiographic, multilevel logistic regression models tested whether within-person deviations in these linguistic features were associated with the probability of concurrently meeting threshold for MDD.Results: Using more first-person singular pronouns in smartphone communication relative to one’s own average was associated with higher odds of meeting threshold for MDD in the concurrent week (OR=1.29; p=.007). Sentiment (OR=1.07; p=.54) and use of absolutist words (OR=0.99; p=.90) were not related to weekly MDD. Conclusions: Passively monitoring use of first-person singular pronouns in adolescents’ smartphone communication may help detect MDD, providing novel opportunities for early intervention.
Impact of Digital Marketing on Start-Ups and Small Businesses
Authors: A Sreenivasan Potti , singh Manjinder , Mamta
Published: December 2023

This study delves into the profound influence of digital marketing on startups and small businesses, employing a methodology centered around multiple case studies to extract comprehensive insights. It seeks to fill a significant void in existing literature by concentrating on the distinctive challenges and opportunities confronted by smaller entities in the swiftly evolving digital landscape. Through an iterative case selection process that involved three retail startups and four small-scale businesses, the research identifies crucial antecedents and consequences crucial for formulating effective digital marketing strategies. The data collection process involved semi-structured, in-depth interviews with senior management or founders of the chosen companies, utilizing a comprehensive discussion guide. These interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using advanced data mining and visualization software, NVIVO. Key findings underscore the transformative impact of digital marketing in facilitating precise audience targeting at minimal cost, emphasizing the strategic integration of cost efficiency and audience precision. The study emphasizes the significance of aligning digital platform choices with specific business objectives and strategically targeting early adopters to expedite innovation diffusion.
Fulfilling Potential? Fulfilling Potential? ESA and the fate of the work-related activity group
Authors: Hale Catherine
Published: December 2023

In 2008 the UK Government introduced conditionality and sanctions to a group of incapacity benefit claimants placed in the ‘work-related activity group’ (WRAG) of the new Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) benefit. A survey of 500 WRAG participants explored their experiences of this policy, delivered by both private contractors, (the ‘Work Programme’), and the State provider, (Jobcentre Plus), including job outcomes, and psychosocial impacts. Results: No meaningful difference was observed between types of provision. Only 8% of respondents achieved a job outcome. Generic work preparation activities did not address health or structural exclusion from the labour market. Providers failed to make reasonable adjustments to enable participation in compulsory activities. The administration of conditionality caused significant anxiety and distress. WRAG participants were left fearful, demoralised, and less optimistic about job aspirations than before. Conclusion: the rationale for ESA, i.e. ending ‘welfare dependency’, is flawed. Evidence-based programmes of employment support should be offered instead to those in the WRAG, on a voluntary basis.
El Uso del Arco y la Flecha en el Sur de la Cuenca de Pozuelos (Jujuy), Durante los Períodos Formativo y Tardío (ca. 1000 AC - 1535 DC).
Authors: Silvestri sebastian
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo analizaremos algunas problemáticas relacionadas al uso del arco y la flecha en el sur de la cuenca de Pozuelos (Jujuy, Argentina). El conjunto “arco y flecha” se enmarca dentro de los denominados “sistemas de armas”, un complejo en el cual se articulan tecnologías, técnicas corporales, conocimientos aprendidos y habilidades adquiridas (sensu Churchill 1993). El estudio de estos sistemas involucra, por lo tanto, la comprensión de sus componentes no como un fenómeno aislado, sino interrelacionado con otros materiales y con los diferentes espacios sociales y ambientales en los que éstos se insertan. La información disponible sobre estos sistemas es abundante en grupos cazadores-recolectores y agro-pastoriles tempranos, pero para los momentos más tardíos de la historia prehispánica del NOA, ésta es bastante escasa.
Analisis Isi Lambung Ikan Alu Alu (Sphyraena spp) dari Perairan Sibolga
Authors: Tarigan Netta Emagiana Br , Windarti Windarti , Mulyani Isma
Published: December 2023

Ikan Alu Alu (Sphyraena spp) dapat ditemukan di perairan Sibolga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis makanan yang ada di dalam perut ikan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan  Mei s/d Juli 2022. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di perairan Sibolga, Sumatera Utara dan analisis isi lambung dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi Perairan Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Riau. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dan pengamatan isi lambung ikan alu alu menggunakan metode gravimetrik. Kandungan lambung dianalisis sebagai dasar perhitungan Index of Prepoderence (IP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makanan utama S.putnamae dan S.obtusata memiliki kesamaan. Pada ikan ini makanan utamanya adalah ikan (IP 82%), makanan pelengkap adalah krustasea (IP 5%), dan makanan tidak teridentifikasi (IP 13%).  Makanan utama S.obtusata adalah ikan (IP 70%), makanan pelengkapnya krustasea (IP 11%), dan makanan tidak teridentifikasi (IP 19%). Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, Sphyraena spp dapat dikategorikan sebagai karnivora.
Identifikasi Kualitas Air Budidaya Ikan Kuwe Charanx sp di Teluk Talengen Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe
Authors: Manurung Usy Nora , Tomasoa Aprelia Martina , Wijanarko Wijanarko , Mauru Serli , Paluru Yakobus , Batti Steviani , Puspa Yuyun Yunita , Manurung Melani , Makalirang Jelia Janica
Published: December 2023

Teluk Talengen merupakan perairan laut yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat sekitar untuk kegiatan budidaya air ikan laut, oleh karena itu penelitian identifikasi kualitas air ini menjadi penting dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kelayakan kualitas air pada keramba jaring apung budidaya ikan kuwe (Charanx sp) di Teluk Talengen Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe. Parameter yang diteliti adalah parameter fisika dan kimia air. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-Juni 2022 di keramba jaring apung Teluk Talengen. Metode yang digunakan, yaitu deskriptif dan pengamatan secara insitu dengan menguji sampel secara langsung di keramba jaring apung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada kualitas air fisika, seperti suhu 28- 30°C, kedalaman 3.3- 5.6 m, kecerahan 3.3-4.5 m, kecepatan arus 01:10,21 - 02:40,13 cm/s, substrat lumpur berpasir. Parameter kimia air, seperti salinitas 28-35 ppt, pH 6.8 - 8.2, nitrit 0.0-0.5 mg/L, ammonia 0.0- 0.25 mg/L, phosfat 0.0 -0.5 mg/L. Secara umum, disimpulkan bahwa kulitas air di keramba jaring apung Teluk Talengen layak atau sesuai untuk dilakukan lokasi budidaya menggunakan sistem keramba jaring apung
THE CONCEPT OF AT-TARIQ ILA ALLAH (THE PATH TO ALLAH) ACCORDING TO SHEIKH ZAKARIYYA AL-ANSARI IN THE AL-FUTUHAT AL-ILAHIYYAH MANUSCRIPT.
Authors: Syibromalisi Arif , Akbar Ali , Kholis Nurman , Firmanto Alfan , Kurniawan Cecep Soleh
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
This article examines an Arabic manuscript, al-Fut???t al-Il?hiyyah, authored by an esteemed Egyptian scholar, Sheikh Zakariyy? al-An??r?. This text encapsulates a summary (mukhta?ar) of Sufi knowledge. The primary aim of this research is to overview of the content of al-Fut???t al-Il?hiyyah and dissect the teachings of Sufism embedded within the text. The research utilizes philology and Sufism theories. Philology aids in the accurate translation of the text, preserving the integrity of the original content while making it accessible to the intended audience. On the other hand, Sufism theories provide a framework to unearth the profound meanings and teachings that the text holds within its narrative. The findings from this analysis reveal that Sheikh Zakariyy? al-An??r?'s work, al-Fut???t al-Il?hiyyah, is characterized by its emphasis on practical or ethical Sufism. The pivotal concept highlighted throughout the text is the “path to Allah” or Maq?m?t. This includes a spectrum of concepts such as Taubat (Repentance), Zuhud (Asceticism), Tawakkal (Reliance on God), 'Uzlah (Seclusion), Zikr (Habitual Remembrance), Tawajjuh il? All?h bi al-Kulliyyah (Total Focus on Allah), ?abr (Patience), Mur?qabah (Spiritual Supervision), and Ri?? (Contentment). Overall, this research underscores the depth and richness of Sufi teachings within al-Fut???t al-Il?hiyyah, and the significant role of such texts in preserving and disseminating these teachings.
Keywords: al-Fut???t, al-Il?hiyyah, Maq?m?t, Zakariyy? al-An??r?
 
ABSTRAK
Artikel ini mengkaji teks al-Fut???t al-Il?hiyyah (FI) karya seorang ulama Mesir bernama Syaikh Zakariyy? al-An??r? yang berisi ringkasan (mukhtasar) ilmu tasawuf. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyajikan tinjauan isi teks al-Fut???t al-Il?hiyyah dan analisis ajaran tasawuf pada teks. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, digunakan teori filologi dan tasawuf. Hasil penelitian ini adalah teks FI karangan Zakariyy? al-An??r? ini mempuyai corak tasawuf amali atau akhlaki, dengan konsep “jalan menuju Allah” nya atau dikenal dengan Maq?m?t, yang meliputi Taubat, Zuhud, Tawakkal, ‘Uzlah (mengasingkan diri), Membiasakan Zikir, Tawajjuh il? All?h bi al-Kulliyyah (totalitas menghadap Allah), Sabar, Mur?qabah (pengawasan Allah), dan Ri??.
Kata kunci: al-Fut???t, al-Il?hiyyah, Maq?m?t, Zakariyy? al-An??r?
Callus formation in tobacco plants Nicotiana tabacum L. varieties Virginia 202 and Jubilee new 142
Authors: Khakimova L.R. , Vershinina Z.R.
Published: December 2023

Nicotiana tabacum L. is a plant of the Solanaceae family, which is an industrial cultivated species that can be used as biofactories for the production of drugs, vaccines or valuable small metabolites; tobacco plants also have a unique ability for rapid and efficient callusogenesis. Because of this, it can be used as a model plant cell system. Two varieties of smoking tobacco Virginia 202 and Yubileiny new 142 were considered, in which the efficiency of callusogenesis was studied under standard conditions on a medium with the addition of 1 mg/l 6-BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) and 0.1 mg/l NAA (naphthylacetic acid) with using regeneration through the callus stage. As a result, the variety Virginia 202 showed a high potential for callus formation, in addition, it adapted well in laboratory conditions after growth in vitro and produced mature seeds. This makes it possible to expand the range of varieties used with high callus formation efficiency for studying models with introduced genetic changes.
PCR enhancers. I. General information
Authors: Sakhabutdinova A.R. , Chemeris D.A. , Chemeris A.V. , Garafutdinov R.R.
Published: December 2023

PCR is the most popular method for nucleic acids amplification, which characterized by high specificity and sensitivity. PCR is widely used in research and in practice. However, when nucleotide sequences, called “difficult” templates, are amplified, false-negative results can be obtained for samples containing a target in the reaction mixture. The same result can be caused by impurities that are co-extracted with nucleic acids and inhibit DNA polymerase. To eliminate this, substances called PCR enhancers are added to the reaction mixture, which can stabilize the DNA polymerase and/or, on the contrary, destabilize hydrogen bonds in GC-rich regions. The use of proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, polyhydric alcohols, amides, sulfones, sulfoxides, nonionic detergents, zwitterionic compounds, various nanoparticles, as well as analogues of dGTP and dCTP, which form two hydrogen bonds instead of three when paired with complementary nucleobases, is described.
Aerodynamic Study of Chord Length Effect in Low Speed Wind Turbine Using 6 DoF CFD Method
Authors: Susanto Sabina Aisyah , Wicaksono Hangga , Firmansyah Hilmi Iman , Fakhruddin Mukhammad
Published: December 2023

The dependencies on fossil energy as a basic energy source has many negative impacts, therefore alternative energy is needed to overcome the problem, one of which is the alternative green energy wind turbines. However, wind turbines in Indonesia are difficult to implement because the wind speed in Indonesia is low, which is around 4-8 m/s, therefore it is necessary to do research to improve the ability of wind turbines applied in Indonesia. The analysis method using the 6 DoF CFD method and the experimental carried out using the wind tunnel. The blade used in this study is a custom combination airfoil with the chord lengths of 0.1 m, 0.15 m and 0.2 m. The results shows that, at wind speed of 8 m/s the blade with a chord length of 0.2 m has the greatest pressure of 47 Pa and rotational speed per minute of 76.1 rpm, this variation can be applied to low rpm generators. Whereas blades with a chord length of 0.1 m and a twist angle of 15o have a pressure of 47 Pa, and rotational speed of 97.24 rpm per minute, this variation can be applied to high rpm generators.
Analysis of The Influence of Additional Percentage of Catalyst on The Electrolysis Process on Hydrogen Volume and Flame Profile
Authors: Akbar Mohammad Julio , Soebiyakto Gatot , Farid Akhmad , Hermawan Dadang
Published: December 2023

Utilization of new and renewable energy is an important point for Indonesia for development, science and technology. On the other hand, the use of fossil fuels is very limited so the alternative fuel solutions are vegetable oil (BBN) and methane gas and others, even in the future the substitute for these fuels will use electricity. The material used in this research is stainless steel. The independent variable tested was the catalyst percentage of NaCl, NaOH and NaHCO3 of 40%. The dependent variables are the volume of hydrogen and flame characteristics. The control variable uses a voltage of 12 volts using water and distilled water as solvents with a volume of 1000 ml. The data collection procedure starts with 12 Volt DC current energy which will produce electrical energy from the cathode pole and anode pole. The electrolysis process will occur causing the catalyst and solution to undergo a chemical process, namely the separation/decomposition of H2O, the catalyst and solution producing hydrogen bubbles which are stored in a tube. The data is then analyzed empirically and using Image-J software or similar to determine the characteristics of the flame. The analysis of the experimental data above can be compared with previous research, namely producing the highest volume of hydrogen at a percentage of 16% of 367 mL and the lowest volume of hydrogen at a percentage of 8% of 198 mL. The highest flame temperature at a percentage of 16% is 54.7 C and the lowest temperature at a percentage of 8% is 31.7C with the highest flame height at a percentage of 16% being 5.72cm and a flame width of 2.98cm and the flame brightness level (Red Green Blue) is highest at a catalyst percentage of 16% at 16 RGB and the flame brightness level (Red Green Blue) is lowest at a percentage of 8% at 2 RGB.
Electrolysis Process of Acid Acetic and Sugar Water Solution as an Alternative Fuel
Authors: Soebiyakto Gatot , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Hermawan Dadang , Arrahim Muhammad Ghazali
Published: December 2023

One alternative energy that can be developed is hydrogen. To obtain hydrogen gas by decomposing water compounds (H2O) into hydrogen hydrogen oxygen gas (HHO) through electrolysis. The solution used in this electrolysis process uses sodium chloride (NaCl) with electric current energy. In this research, a dry cell type HHO generator was used, the electrode used was a type 304 stainless steel plate with a catalyst percentage (NaCl) of 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% and 16%. The aim of this research is to determine the hydrogen content in a solution of vinegar and sugar water which can be used as an alternative fuel. This research produced the highest hydrogen volume at a percentage of 16% of 367 mL at the highest temperature of 547 C, the lowest 317 C and the lowest hydrogen volume of 198 mL. The highest flame height is 5.72 cm and flame width is 2.98 cm and the highest flame brightness level (Red Green Blue) is 16 RGB and the lowest brightness level is 2 RGB.
Analysis of Queuing Systems at McDonald's Outlets in Malang with an Arena Simulation Approach
Authors: Rahayu P , Sukram Sukram , Nugrowibowo S
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze the queuing system at McDonald's outlets in Malang City using the Arena simulation approach. The novelty of this research is from the object of research, namely McDonald's in Malang City, which has never been studied before. This research uses quantitative research methods. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation and document study. The data source used in this research is primary data. The population of this study is one of McDonald's drive thru facilities in Malang City. In this study, the sample selection used nonprobability sampling techniques. The data that has been collected is used as input in the Arena simulation to model the queuing system at McDonald's outlets. This research is limited to McDonald's outlets on MT Haryono street, no 115 Malang City, so the results only apply to McDonald's outlets in this area. This research is also limited to a certain period of time according to the research period of August 24, 2023 at 12:00-15:00. The results showed that the average queue duration in the system reached 7.2 minutes. Therefore, the recommendation from the researcher is to increase the number of cashiers, and increase the work efficiency of cashiers during lunch or evening hours to reduce the average queue time. Based on the simulation results, with the addition of one cashier, the average queue time can be reduced by 3.2 minutes, namely to 4 minutes.
Сучасне сакральне мистецтво: переосмислення традиції. Огляд міжнародної наукової конференції "Współczesna sztuka sakralna. Historia i recepcja tradycji" / "Сучасне сакральне мистецтво. Історії та рецепція традиції"
Authors: ЛЕВИЦЬКА Мар’яна
Published: December 2023

The review highlights the topics and issues of the International scientific conference held on December 6, 2021 in the online format between Warsaw and Lviv. The initiators of the conference were researchers of icon painting and practicing artists, participants of the plein airs in Nowy Sącz (Poland), interested in analytical rethinking of the modern religious art. The speakers focused on the history and prospects of the development of sacred art in Ukraine and Poland at the present stage. The conference demonstrated the importance of studying the historical sources of religious art and rethinking the mediums of ancient sacred art in order to actualize them.
Українські витинанки кінця ХІХ–початку ХХІ ст.: проблеми вивчення, еволюція стилістики
Authors: КОСИЦЬКА Зінаїда
Published: December 2023

A retrospective review of the development of paper home decorations – paper cuttings – is submitted in the article. They have been taking a bright place in folk art of Ukraine from the late 19th century till nowadays. Earlier the peasants have made various decorations out of paper for own homes mainly before great holidays, ornamenting icon corner, stove, windows, walls, ceiling, shelves, etc. with traditional compositions. Ukrainian scholars started studying home paper decor in the late 19th century. They continue research is continued nowadays. The activation and decline of the paper cuttings development have depended on historical conditions, social trends, and also the activities of separate craftsmen and researchers during all periods. The paper cuttings have acquired an equal appreciation with the articles of other kinds of the Visual Arts in the artistic space of Ukraine during the last decades owing to the works of professional artists. At present Ukrainian paper cuttings are well-known not only among the compatriots but they are popular and estimated worldwide.
ОПЫТ ТРАВМЫ В ФИЛЬМЕ АСТЕНИЧЕСКИЙ СИНДРОМ КИРЫ МУРАТОВОЙ
Authors: Wąsala Piotr
Published: December 2023

The article aims to analyse the first part of Kira Muratova’s film The Asthenic Syndrome in the context of the experience of trauma caused by the death of a loved one. The author interprets the self-destructive behaviours of the main character – Natasha, and her affective gestures and reactions to the existing Soviet reality. The strong influence of a traumatised woman has been mentioned, who aims at breaking social and cultural conventions associated with the status of a widow by her environment. This research analyses the relationship between an individual experience of trauma and the influence of a transformation of society during the Perestroika period on the atrophy of empathy and human bonds. The starting point of the interpretation is the director’s biography, her experience, motivations and changing approach to the film medium. The analysis clarifies the reasons behind The Asthenic Syndrome being often perceived by critics as a diagnosis of society in a transitional period and a universal story about human weaknesses and helplessness when facing inevitable changes.
РЕЛІГІЙНІ СЮЖЕТИ В МАЛОДОСЛІДЖЕНІЙ ГРАФІЦІ ГАЛИЧИНИ
Authors: Izhevskiy Artur
Published: December 2023

Religious themes in the little-researched graphics of Galicia (late handwriting book, noble album, Galician satire) have considerable artistic value. In terms of style, they reflect the influences of the late Baroque and Romanticism, the decorative plane of creativity of the educated clergy and folk primitivism. The noble album among the elite and the Galician satire among the people popularized the moral and spiritual aspects of religion outside the churches. A late handwritten book containing records and synods with original graphics (irmologia) was a little-known but spiritually and aesthetically important part of the temple. In this respect, the role of the artist himself is interesting. When it comes to handwritten books from the beginning of the 19th century, the figure of the church deacon Ivan Jugasiewicz-Sklarski is outstanding. Editions of satirical magazines on religious topics were originally decorated by E. Turbacki. From the times of communism in Poland and Western Ukraine, it is worth highlighting the little-known authors of Christmas postcards and handwritten prayers, as well as the Lemko artist Nikifor Epifaniusz Drovniak. Local patriotism is also present in their work, apart from deep spirituality and religiosity.
КАК СОЗДАЕТСЯ „КАЧЕСТВЕННОЕ ВРЕМЯ” В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МАССОВОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ
Authors: Dzhydzhora Yevgen
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the phenomenon of “quality time” in the modern mass culture at the beginning of the 21st century. One of the most notable trends is the use of interactivity in creating cinematic works and computer games. Interactive storytelling allows the spectator/player to choose options for the development of the action and thus independently build the plot of the game film. Such involvement in creating a work of mass culture is an exciting new way to occupy the recipient’s time qualitatively. The variability and artistic potential of interactive cinema are discussed based on the example of one of the most popular computer games of recent years – “Detroit: Become Human” (2018) from the French studio “Quantic Dream”.
HASZTAG #ROSJA JAKO STEREOTYP WROGA
Authors: Klimkiewicz Aleksandra
Published: December 2023

This article discusses hashtags, which – being a type of free social nomination – reflect and identify the sense of ethnic stereotypes. The aim of the analysis is two-directional and concerns, firstly, tags as the route of the social transition of stereotype knowledge in the communicative space of the service wykop.pl. Secondly, the analysis shows changes in the established enemy image in the index #rosja. As context and statistical analysis show, the tag #rosja is a focal category, which grasps additional operators establishing the stereotype of Russia and Russians as enemy/enemies and filling it in with actual senses and concepts.
МОТИВИ МЕДІЙНОГО НАРАТИВУ «ЖІНКА-ЗАРОБІТЧАНКА» В УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ, ПОЛЬСЬКОМУ ТА ІТАЛІЙСЬКОМУ КІНО
Authors: Rosinska Olena
Published: December 2023

Lately, the image of a woman-wage earner, a migrant from another country, has become a particular symbol of the economic disadvantage of some countries and a symbol of the search for a better life in a foreign land. In the Ukrainian cultural context, the image of a wage earner in literature is classic: starting with oral folk art and fiction and ending with film images of the modern period. Instead, our study proposes to change slightly the aspect of view to the problem and to analyse it through the prism of gender and national stereotypes, highlighting the critical narratives of the history of migration and employment of women, not only Ukrainian but also Polish. This will remove some of the connotations of cross-national insults or under-appreciation and open up areas for further exploration of such narratives in film content. Stereotyped images broadcast in film material through rigid narratives are even more important for research because, on the one hand, they reflect specific structures of collective ordinary consciousness. On the other hand, they form them. It is, in particular, about the processes of the transgression of stable consciousness concepts through mass media. While analysing film images, we can trace certain constructs of narratives related to a migrant woman trying to earn money in another country. First of all, she appears as rightless, unadapted to another culture, the one who can apply for unskilled work (usually due to the language barrier and other factors), and under challenging conditions, her country is poor and does not give her opportunities; also women earn for family, that suits men completely, so there is an emphasis on the inability of some people at the expense of others, on gender stigmatisation.
Evaluation of children with dysfagia
Authors: GARİP Sevinç
Published: December 2023

Purpose: Difficulty in swallowing; It is a symptom that occurs as a result of mechanical inhibition of the transfer of ingested food from the mouth to the stomach. It can be due to acute and chronic diseases. It is presented because of the limited number of studies comparing the characteristics of both types of oropharyngeal and esophageal dysphagia in healthy and chronically ill children in the pediatric population.

Materials and Methods: 201 pediatric patients admitted with dysphagia between May 2019 and November 2020 were included. They were grouped according to the types of dysphagia.

Results: Group-1 consisted of 80 pediatric patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia, while group-2 consisted of 121 pediatric patients with esophageal dysphagia. 51.7% of the patients were female, mean age was 9.4 years. While all patients in Group-2 had solid food dysphagia, Group-1 had 27% liquid and 53% solid-liquid dysphagia. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube for 50 pediatric patients who could not be fed safely; A nasogastric feeding tube was placed in 4 children. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed in 72.6% of the patients, and esophageal pathology was detected in 55.4%.

Conclusions: Although the incidence of dysphagia is high in children with chronic diseases, it should not be forgotten that it can also be seen in healthy children and may be associated with treatable
Processamento de segundas línguas e a Teoria Linguística em Línguas Românicas
Authors: Gomes Juliana Novo , Flores Cristina , Barbosa Maria Pilar Pereira
Published: December 2023

Apresentação à Revista Linguística v.18 n.3