bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tổng quan các vấn đề pháp lý liên quan đến hiến tặng tinh trùng
Authors: Linh Nguyễn Thị Huyền , Chương Lê Hoài , Liên Nguyễn Thị Phương
Published: April 2021

Khi công nghệ hỗ trợ sinh sản trở nên phổ biến, các cân nhắc về pháp lý xung quanh việc sử dụng kỹ thuật này ngày càng trở nên quan trọng. Các vấn đề pháp lý về hiến tặng tinh trùng đã được thảo luận rộng rãi trong y văn. Các quy định luật pháp đối với việc hiến tặng tinh trùng được áp dụng từ các cơ quan chính phủ và phi chính phủ khác nhau. Việc áp dụng hiến tặng tinh trùng cần cân nhắc vấn đề đạo đức và các vấn đề pháp lý ảnh hưởng đến việc hiến tặng tinh trùng. Đối với bất kỳ người hiến cần xem xét giới hạn số lượng con sinh ra, xét nghiệm tinh dịch đồ, xét nghiệm các yếu tố bệnh tật, yêu cầu về độ tuổi, ẩn danh hay không ẩn danh, chi trả hay không chi trả cho người hiến tặng. Tại Việt Nam, chính sách ẩn danh, không chi trả chi phí, vẫn nên duy trì thực hiện. Số lượng con sinh ra cần được đánh giá lại và nên giới hạn tuổi tối đa của người hiến tặng.
Thực trạng suy dinh dưỡng thể thấp còi và một số yếu tố liên quan ở học sinh một trường Trung học phổ thông tại Hải Phòng năm 2019
Authors: Tuấn Anh Lê Trần , Thắm Nguyễn Thị , Dương Nguyễn Đức , Hùng Nguyễn Quang
Published: April 2021

Suy dinh dưỡng trẻ em là tình trạng bệnh lý mang tính cộng đồng ở nhiều nước đang phát triển, trong đó có Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện trên 1.381 học sinh học trường Trung học phổ thông Lê Quý Đôn, quận Hải An, thành phố Hải Phòng năm 2019 nhằm mô tả thực trạng và một số yếu tố liên quan đến suy dinh dưỡng thể thấp còi của học sinh. Đánh giá tình trạng dinh dưỡng bằng phương pháp nhân trắc học thông qua việc đo chiều cao và cân nặng của học sinh. Các thông tin khác được thu thập bằng bộ câu hỏi thiết kế sẵn. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng thể thấp còi ở học sinh là 6,4%, trong đó suy dinh dưỡng nặng là 0,6%, suy dinh dưỡng vừa là 5,8%. Tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng thấp còi ở học sinh nam cao hơn không có ý nghĩa thống kê so với học sinh nữ (6,6% và 6,1%). Nhà trường nên tăng cường công tác truyền thông đến học sinh, đặc biệt lưu ý đến các học sinh đang có chỉ số dinh dưỡng thấp để họ biết thường xuyên tự theo dõi cân nặng của bản thân, từ đó có hướng điều chỉnh kịp thời.
Một số yếu tố liên quan đến quản lý điều trị tăng huyết áp tại phòng khám Nội, Khoa khám bệnh, Trung tâm Y tế huyện Nam Sách, tỉnh Hải Dương năm 2018 - 2019
Authors: Hùng Nguyễn Quang , Thanh Trần Thị , Hà Trần Thị Thúy , Khuê Phạm Minh
Published: April 2021

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang nhằm mô tả một số yếu tố liên quan đến công tác quản lý điều trị bệnh tăng huyết áp (THA) tại Trung tâm y tế Nam Sách năm 2018 - 2019. Kết quả điều tra 510 bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp đến khám tại Trung tâm y tế Nam Sách từ tháng 10/2018 đến tháng 9/2019 cho thấy, các yếu tố liên quan bao gồm: Giới (nam); những bệnh nhân trong gia đình có người mắc bệnh tăng huyết áp; những bệnh nhân không đo huyết áp thường xuyên quản lý bệnh THA kém hơn so với nhóm còn lại (p<0,05). Các yếu tố tuổi, trình độ học vấn, nghề nghiệp, tiền sử gia đình, BMI, điều kiện kinh tế và tình trạng sống chung của bệnh nhân không thấy liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê đến tình trạng quản lý bệnh (p>0,05). Các khókhăn trong việc quản lý bệnh tăng huyết áp tại trung tâm y tế chủ yếu do tâm lý chủ quan của bệnh nhân.
Thực trạng chất lượng giấc ngủ của sinh viên Y đa khoa trường Đại học Y Dược Hải Phòng năm 2020
Authors: Thuận Hoàng Thị , Thanh Nguyễn Thị Phương , Hùng Nguyễn Quang , Linh Nguyễn Thị Thùy
Published: April 2021

Sinh viên y khoa được coi là đối tượng đặc biệt dễ gặp các vấn đề liên quan đến giấc ngủ do áp lực trong học tập cũng như đặc thù của sinh viên y khi đi trực tại các bệnh viện. Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục tiêu là mô tả thực trạng chất lượng giấc ngủ ở sinh viên y đa khoa trường Đại học Y Dược Hải Phòng năm 2020. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 407 sinh viên đa khoa trường Đại Học Y Dược Hải Phòng năm 2020 cho thấy có 44,5% sinh viên có chất lượng giấc ngủ kém. Tỉ lệ chất lượng giấc ngủ kém cao nhất là ở sinh viên Y3 (63,1%). Tỉ lệ chất lượng giấc ngủ kém thấp nhất ở các khối sinh viên Y2 (36,7%) và Y1 (38,7%). Thời gian ngủ trung bình môi đêm của sinh viên là 6,2 giờ. Thời gian ngủ trung bình thấp nhất ở khối sinh viên năm 3 là 6,2 giờ. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy nhà trường cần quan tâm hơn đến chế độ học tập, nghỉ ngơi của sinh viên y các khối, đặc biệt sinh viên năm thứ 3, giúp cải thiện chất lượng ngủ của sinh viên Y
Thực trạng kiến thức, thái độ, thực hành về sức khoẻ sinh sản của học sinh trường Trung học phổ thông chuyên Trân Phu, Hải Phòng năm 2019
Authors: Lê Hoàng Thị Hoa , Thơm Vũ Thị , Thắm Nguyễn Thị , Hùng Nguyễn Quang , Hưng Nguyễn Khánh , Đức Cáp Minh
Published: April 2021

Sức khỏe sinh sản đang là một vấn đề sức khỏe của cộng đồng trên toàn thế giới, đặc biệt là sức khỏe sinh sản trên đối tượng vị thành niên. Nghiên cứu cắt ngang nhằm mô tả thực trạng kiến thức, thái độ và hành vi về sức khỏe sinh sản trên 423 học sinh tại trường trung học phổ thông chuyên Trần Phú, Hải Phòng năm 2019. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy kiến thức, thái độ và thực hành về sức khỏe sinh sản của học sinh còn thấp (53,2% có kiến thức đạt; 52,2% có thái độ đạt; 69,3% có thực hành đạt). Học sinh nữ có kiến thức cao hơn so với học sinh nam về kiến thức nhận biết dậy thì (95,3% và 85,2%), vệ sinh cơ quan sinh dục (80,5% và 69,7%), các biện pháp tránh thai (83,9% và 69,2%). 27,0% học sinh không đồng ý thủ dâm là có hại cho sức khỏe, và 74,7% học sinh cho rằng mong muốn quan hệ tình dục là bình thường kể cả khi chưa cưới. Như vậy, cần có kế hoạch truyền thông để nâng cao sức khỏe sinh sản cho lứa tuổi vị thành niên.
Thực trạng tai nạn thương tích của học sinh trường trung học cơ sở Lê Ích Mộc, xã Thủy Sơn, huyện Thủy Nguyên, Hải Phòng năm 2019
Authors: Giang Hoàng Thị , Phương Nguyễn Quỳnh , Chính Nguyễn Quang , Thắm Nguyễn Thị
Published: April 2021

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 1020 học sinh trường Trung học cơ sở Lê Ích Mộc, xã Thủy Sơn, Thủy Nguyên, Hải Phòng, 2019 nhằm mô tả thực trạng tai nạn thương tích của học sinh tại địa bàn này. Kết quả cho thấy tỉ lệ học sinh bị tai nạn thương tích trong năm 2019 (từ 1/1/2019 đến 31/12/2019) là 20,3%, trong đó tỉ lệ ở học sinh nam là 22,9% và ở học sinh nữ là 17,4%. Nguyên nhân chủ yếu gây tai nạn thương tích là ngã (36,2%), tai nạn giao thông (30,2%) và do vật sắc nhọn (8,7%). Địa điểm hay xảy ra tai nạn là nhà (42,7%) và trên đường đi học (42,2%). Thời điểm thường xảy ra tai nạn là từ tháng 5 đến tháng 8 và trong khung giờ từ 17-19 giờ. Vị trí tổn thương thường gặp là chi dưới (47,4%) và chi trên (30,6%). Cần có sự phối hợp chặt chẽ giữa gia đình, nhà trường và cộng đồng trong việc tăng cường các hoạt động truyền thông về phòng chống tai nạn thương tích cho học sinh.
Sử dụng kháng sinh ở bệnh nhân có mẫu đờm cấy vi khuẩn dương tính tại Bệnh viện đa khoa Quốc tế Hải Phòng năm 2019
Authors: Phương Nguyễn Thị Thu , Dung Dương Thị , Hùng Nguyễn Quang , Hồi Nguyễn Thanh
Published: April 2021

Nghiên cứu hồi cứu dữ liệu từ bệnh án nhằm mục đích mô tả tình hình sử dụng kháng sinh ở bệnh nhân có mẫu bệnh phẩm đờm cấy vi khuẩn dương tính và tính hợp lý trong sử dụng kháng sinh tại bệnh viện đa khoa Quốc tế Hải Phòng trong năm 2019. Kết quả cho thấy: Trong tổng số 104 bệnh án, căn nguyên K. pneumoniae chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (18,3%). Tỷ lệ nhạy cảm của K. pneumoniae với các kháng sinh nhóm carbapenem, cephalosporin và aminoglycosid cao, trên 70%. Kháng sinh được sử dụng trong điều trị gồm 5 nhóm, nhóm beta–lactam được sử dụng nhiều nhất (53,9%), trong đó ceftazidim có số lượt chỉ định cao nhất, chiếm 34,3%. Phác đồ kháng sinh sử dụng đơn thuần chủ yếu là ceftazidim (83,7%), phác đồ phối hợp được sử dụng nhiều nhất là ceftazidim + ciproﬂoxacin (55,7%). Liều kháng sinh được dùng thích hợp chiếm 93,2%, liều dùng không thích hợp chiếm tỷ lệ ít (6,8%). Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân có phác đồ sau cấy phù hợp về phổ kháng khuẩn cao (91,3%), tỷ lệ không phù hợp thấp (8,7%). Việc sử dụng kháng sinh không hợp lý về phổ kháng khuẩn và liều dùng dẫn đến hiệu quả điều trị không đổi hoặc làm nặng hơn gấp 16,5 lần so với nhóm sử dụng kháng sinh hợp lý.
Implemetasi Kebijakan Pelayanan Kartu Tanda Penduduk (E-KTP) di Kantor Camat Raba Kota Bima
Authors: Irfadat Taufik , Haeril Haeril
Published: April 2021

Secara otonom sejak 2012, Kecamatan Raba telah memiliki 11 (sebelas) Kelurahan sebagai bagian dari wilayah Kota Bima.  Sejak digulirkannya program Nasional Penerapan Kartu Tanda Penduduk Elektronik (e-KTP), Kecamatan Raba telah memberikan pelayanan pembuatan, perekaman dan mendokumentasikan program Nasional Penerapan Kartu Tanda Penduduk Elektronik (e-KTP) diwilayah Kota Bima, namun penerapan e-KTP tersebut belum maksimal yang disebabkan karena keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana dengan jumlah penduduk yang ada, selain itu kemampuan pegawai masih kurang dalam mengoperasikan perangkat teknologi perekaman KTP, oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan dan keramahan pegawai Kantor Camat Raba Kota Bima dalam pelaksanaan pelayanan Kartu Tanda Penduduk (e-KTP). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuisioner, observasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Data hasil penelitian yang diperoleh di lapalangan kemudian di analisis dengan teknik analisis kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Kebijakan pelayanan Kartu Tanda Penduduk elektronik (e-KTP) di Kantor Camat Raba Kota Bima bahwa sebagian besar responden menyatakan “sangat baik” sebanyak 18%, kemudian responden yang menyatakan “baik” sebanyak 30% serta responden menilai yang menyatakan “kurang baik” sebanyak 20% dan responden mengatakan yang menyatakan tidak baik sebanyak 10%.
Patologi Birokrasi Dalam Pelayanan Pengurusan Paspor di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas 1 Kota Makassar
Authors: Fitra Ramadani Eka , Karim Musliha , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin
Published: April 2021

Banyaknya pengaduan masyarakat berupa pelayanan yang berlarut-larut, mempersulit, diskriminasi pelayanan dan lamanya waktu penyelesaian pelayanan di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas 1 Kota Makassar menunjukkan adanya patologi birokrasi yang terjadi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui patologi yang terdapat dalam pelayanan pengurusan paspor di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas 1 Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif  kualitatif. Tipe penelitian adalah fenomenologis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dan studi lapangan (observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi). Teknik penentuan informan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian patologi birokrasi dalam pelayanan pengurusan paspor di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas 1 Kota Makassar, menunjukkan masih adanya perilaku negatif dalam hal ini patologi birokrasi dalam memberikan pelayanan seperti, penyalahgunaan wewenang, yang terdiri pemanfaatan kekuasan dan jabatan, dan memperlambat proses penyelesaian. Diskriminasi, seperti perbandingan promordialisme, satu almamater, status sosial, dan status kekeluargaan. Upaya untuk mengurangi terjadinya patologi birokrasi yang terdiri dari: pendisiplinan pegawai, yaitu kehadiran yang tepat waktu, dan menjunjung etos kerja serta peningkatan pengawasan, seperti sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang memadai, dan penerapan budaya organisasi yang optimal.
COVID-19 and Telework: An International Comparison
Authors: Ono Hiroshi , Mori Takeshi
Published: April 2021

This paper uses identical surveys conducted in July 2020 in eight countries – U.S., U.K., Germany, Italy, Sweden, China, South Korea, and Japan – and examines teleworking within and across these eight countries. We seek to answer the following questions: (1) Which demographic and socioeconomic groups are more likely to telework? (2) Is there any association between telework and other work-related experiences such as life satisfaction and perceived productivity at work? Across countries, we observe that teleworking was higher in countries that imposed strict lockdowns, such as China, and lower in countries that had soft lockdowns, such as Japan. Within each country, there are notable differences in teleworking between low- and high-income persons, and between those employed in small versus large firms. We also find that people who used telework before COVID-19 report higher life satisfaction compared to those who started using telework for the first time after the COVID-19 outbreak.
Characterizing Online Media on COVID-19 during the Early Months of the Pandemic
Authors: Dambanemuya Henry , Lin Haomin , Horvát Ágnes
Published: April 2021

The 2019 coronavirus disease had wide-ranging effects on public health throughout the world. Vital in managing its spread was effective communication about public health guidelines such as social distancing and sheltering in place. Our study provides a descriptive analysis of online information sharing about coronavirus-related topics in 5.2 million English-language news articles, blog posts, and discussion forum entries shared in 197 countries during the early months of the pandemic. We illustrate potential approaches to analyze the data while emphasizing how often-overlooked dimensions of the online media environment play a crucial role in the observed information-sharing patterns. In particular, we show how the following three dimensions matter: (1) online media posts’ geographic location in relation to local exposure to the virus; (2) the platforms and types of media chosen for discussing various topics; and (3) temporal variations in information-sharing patterns. Our descriptive analyses of the multimedia data suggest that studies that overlook these crucial aspects of online media may arrive at misleading conclusions about the observed information-sharing patterns. This could impact the success of potential communication strategies devised based on data from online media. Our work has broad implications for the study and design of computational approaches for characterizing large-scale information dissemination during pandemics and beyond.
Voz, enunciación e instancia creadora en la poesía de Ada Salas o el poder absoluto de la palabra
Authors: Rodríguez Lázaro Nuria
Published: April 2021

La poesía de Ada Salas se sitúa en un entredós. En su obra no encontraremos al hombre «normal», asequible, cotidiano, contemporáneo, ese yo ficticio de la poesía de la experiencia que vive en un espacio urbano y contemporáneo, pero tampoco se tratará de la poesía-verdad defendida por Gamoneda; el autor, la autora, no decide casi nada y su voluntad parece estar sometida a los despóticos designios de la palabra poética; palabra convertida en una diosa, en una suerte de nueva religión, lo que explica el misticismo que podemos observar en todos los libros de nuestra poeta. Esta nueva religión tiene un precio, a la manera de un sacrificio: en efecto cada libro de Ada Salas parece engendrarse en el dolor, o eso es al menos lo que podemos deducir del ritmo pausado con que los poemarios van apareciendo, contrariamente al ritmo frenético con que muchos de sus coetáneos publican, silencio o experiencia. Para Ada Salas la experiencia de la escritura poética conlleva sufrimiento, dolor, imposición de ese ente o instancia superior que se impone a ella, que se impone a su mano, la palabra poética.
Leading Change in Difficult Times: The Role of Effective Leadership in Confronting Educational Challenges of Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Ibeawuchi Ngozi , Nwagbara Uzoechi , Alhassan Yahaya , Brown Carlton
Published: April 2021

This paper is based on understanding how effective leadership can be instrumental in confronting (potential) organisational challenges posed by the coronavirus pandemic in organisations with specific focus on educational institutions in order to effectively lead change in these uncertain times. As well-known all organisations including educational institutions are currently bedevilled by the COVID-19 (coronavirus) challenges, which constitute obstacle to effective educational leadership. In rising above these challenges and in contrast with the managerially oriented educational management, this paper argues that effective leadership can engender effective change management as well as aid educational institutions to rise above this quandary, which will ultimately lead to better student outcomes and organisational success. The methodology adopted here is based on secondary sources and consequently this paper conceptually makes some contributions to the field of educational management, leadership and change management, which would guide policymakers, academics, institutions and governments in these uncertain times. The present paper concludes by demonstrating how effective leadership aids our understanding of how to effectively confront the evils of the coronavirus pandemic in the educational context.
Investor Protection and Agency Theory in Corporate Governance in Pakistan
Authors: Imtiaz Ahmed Khan  , Altaf Hussain Abro  , Farooque Ahmed Leghari
Published: April 2021

The paper discusses the minority shareholders’ protection under the quantumof agency cost in corporate governance in Pakistan. The agency theory statesthat in most of the cases, the controlling shareholders and the topmanagement are normally involved in expropriating the funds of the company.This phenomenon increases the agency cost. The agency cost is directlyproportional to the cost of functioning of the company. In other words, theagency cost is inversely proportional to the profit of the company. Accordingto the agency theory, if the agency cost is decreased, the profit for investorincreases. The Pakistani corporate sector is dominated by the businessfamilies, the state and an opportunity to get the private benefits at the cost ofother stakeholders. There are the different mechanisms as discussed andapplied around the world to minimize the agency cost so as to make companyfinancially strong and better profit for the investors. In Pakistan, the agencycost is very high. Hence, there is a need to revamp the corporate governancemechanism to reduce the agency cost in order to provide a better protection tominority shareholders in a particular in the context of the global trend keepingin the view of the nature of corporate structure in Pakistan.
The long-standing relationship between paramagnetic NMR and iron–sulfur proteins: the mitoNEET example. An old method for new stories or the other way around?
Authors: Camponeschi Francesca , Gallo Angelo , Piccioli Mario , Banci Lucia
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy and iron–sulfur (Fe–S) proteins have maintained a synergic relationship for decades. Indeed, the hyperfine shifts with their temperature dependencies and the relaxation rates of nuclei of cluster-bound residues have been extensively used as a fingerprint of the type and of the oxidation state of the Fe–S cluster within the protein frame. The identification of NMR signals from residues surrounding the metal cofactor is crucial for understanding the structure–function relationship in Fe–S proteins, but it is generally impaired in standard NMR experiments by
paramagnetic relaxation enhancement due to the presence of the paramagnetic
cluster(s). On the other hand, the availability of systems of different sizes and stabilities has, over the years, stimulated NMR spectroscopists to exploit
iron–sulfur proteins as paradigmatic cases to develop experiments, models, and protocols. Here, the cluster-binding properties of human mitoNEET have been investigated by 1D and 2D 1H diamagnetic and paramagnetic NMR, in its oxidized and reduced states. The NMR spectra of
both oxidation states of mitoNEET appeared to be significantly different
from those reported for previously investigated [Fe2S2]2+/+
proteins. The protocol we have developed in this work conjugates
spectroscopic information arising from “classical” paramagnetic NMR with
an extended mapping of the signals of residues around the cluster which can
be taken, even before the sequence-specific assignment is accomplished, as a fingerprint of the protein region constituting the functional site of the protein. We show how the combined use of 1D NOE experiments, 13C direct-detected experiments, and double- and triple-resonance experiments tailored using R1- and/or R2-based filters significantly reduces the “blind” sphere of the
protein around the paramagnetic cluster. This approach provided a detailed
description of the unique electronic properties of mitoNEET, which are
responsible for its biological function. Indeed, the NMR properties
suggested that the specific electronic structure of the cluster possibly
drives the functional properties of different [Fe2S2] proteins.
A data efficient machine learning model for autonomous operational avalanche forecasting
Authors: Chawla Manesh , Singh Amreek
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Snow avalanches pose serious hazard to people and property in snow bound mountains. Snow mass sliding downslope can gain sufficient momentum to destroy buildings, uproot trees and kill people. Forecasting and in turn avoiding exposure to avalanches is a much practiced measure to mitigate hazard world over. However, sufficient snow stability data for accurate forecasting is generally difficult to collect. Hence forecasters infer snow stability largely through intuitive reasoning based upon their knowledge of local weather, terrain and sparsely available snowpack observations. Machine learning models may add more objectivity to this intuitive inference process. In this paper we propose a data efficient machine learning classifier using the technique of Random Forest. The model can be trained with significantly lesser training data compared to other avalanche forecasting models and it generates useful outputs to minimise and quantify uncertainty. Besides, the model generates intricate reasoning descriptions which are difficult to observe manually. Furthermore, the model data requirement can be met through automatic systems. The proposed model advances the field by being inexpensive and convenient for operational use due to its data efficiency and ability to describe its decisions besides the potential of lending autonomy to the process.
Composite development and stratigraphy of the Onepoto maar lake sediment sequence (Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand)
Authors: Läuchli Benjamin , Augustinus Paul Christian , Peti Leonie , Hopkins Jenni Louise
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The accurate and precise reconstruction of Quaternary
climate as well as the events that punctuate it is an important driver of the study
of lake sediment archives. However, until recently lake sediment-based
palaeoclimate reconstructions have largely concentrated on Northern
Hemisphere lake sequences due to a scarcity of continuous and
high-resolution lake sediment sequences from the Southern Hemisphere,
especially from the southern mid-latitudes. In this context, the deep maar
lakes of the Auckland Volcanic Field of northern New Zealand are significant
as several contain continuous and well-laminated sediment sequences. Onepoto
Basin potentially contains the longest temporal lake sediment record from
the Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF), spanning from Marine Isotope Stage 6e (MIS 6e) to the early Holocene when lacustrine
sedimentation was terminated by marine breach of the south-western crater
tuff ring associated with post-glacial sea-level rise. The Onepoto record
consists of two new, overlapping cores spanning ca. 73 m combined with
archive material in a complete composite stratigraphy. Tephrochronology and
14C dating provide the fundamental chronological framework for the core,
with magnetic relative palaeo-intensity variability downcore, and meteoric
10Be influx into the palaeolake to refine the chronology. The µ-XRF (micro X-ray fluorescence)
downcore variability for the entirety of the lake sediment sequence has
been established with measurement of a range of proxies for climate
currently underway. This work will produce the first continuous record of
the last 200 kyr of palaeoclimate from northern New Zealand to date.
Tools for pressure core sub-coring and pore-scale micro-CT (computed tomography) scans
Authors: Seol Yongkoo , Lei Liang , Jarvis Karl , Hill Daniel , Choi Jeong-Hoon , Park Taehyung , Gai Xuerui , Wunderlich Greg , Grey Bill , McArdle Chris
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The pore habits of gas hydrate in natural sediment
matrices provide essential clues for understanding physical (mechanical,
thermal, hydraulic, and electrical) properties of hydrate-bearing sediments,
yet there are no tools that can directly visualize the pore habits of
natural gas hydrate other than indirect interpretation based on core-scale
or field-scale observations. A significant challenge is to obtain a
mini-core from pressure cores retrieved from natural reservoirs for
high-resolution micro-CT (computed tomography) scans while maintaining pressure and temperature conditions required for stability of gas hydrate
during all operational steps including manipulation, cutting, transferring,
sub-coring and CT scanning. We present a new set of tools for pore-scale micro-CT imaging of natural hydrate-bearing sediments while maintaining
pressure and temperature control. The tests with laboratory-prepared cores and pressure cores successfully demonstrate the capability of this set of
tools to subsample a mini-core from pressure cores, transfer the mini-core
to an X-ray transparent core holder, and conduct micro-CT scans.
Successfully obtained CT images prove the functionality of this set of
tools.
Compreendendo o jornalismo construtivo
Authors: Lucian Guilherme Lucian , Ângela Teixeira de Moraes Ângela Teixeira de Moraes
Published: April 2021

Neste trabalho são observadas as características preliminares do jornalismo construtivo, as quais parecem sugerir a configuração de um novo ethos orientador ao exercício da profissão. De início são postas em relevo suas singularidades e variações evocativas explícitas para afinal compor um quadro de referência conceitual que sirva de norte às teorizações pretendidas. São então analisadas vinte e uma matérias publicadas entre janeiro e dezembro de 2019 pelo portal Muda Tudo, com o propósito de trazer à luz (para então classificar) os sentidos tecidos nas regularidades de suas evocações. Espera-se, com isso, que sejam evidenciados os traços de uma tendência epistemológica em processo.
Escavações de audiovisualidades em narrativas site-specific
Authors: Lopes Tiago , Fischer Gustavo
Published: April 2021

Propõe uma discussão a respeito das audiovisualidades – tomadas enquanto qualidades audiovisuais que se atualizam em formatos diversos em nossa tecnocultura  – presentes em duas narrativas as quais foram projetadas para serem acessadas e acionadas em conexão com determinadas localidades (site-specific): os projetos artísticos 34N118W (2003) e A Machine to See With (2010). Metodologicamente, apoia-se na perspectiva da arqueologia da mídia enquanto visada que propõe a realização de escavações materiais – no sentido da descrição e resgate de imagens e documentos sobre os observáveis e memoriais – para autenticação de devires tecnoculturais que podem ser percebidos nessas obras. Nesse movimento, são propostas quatro camadas de audiovisualidades narrativas: caminhantes, urbanas, locativas e guiadas. Em articulação, estas camadas dão a ver estéticas de conectividades híbridas que seguem sustentando lógicas de desafio ao estatuto das imagens técnicas.
Identificación de residuos de contaminantes químicos en tomate para determinar su grado de toxicidad
Authors: Adolfo Valentín Trigo , Guerrero Angela María , Condori Luis
Published: April 2021

Se realizó un análisis experimental de la residualidad de plaguicidas en cultivos de tomate. Las muestras fueron analizadas a través de cromatografía líquida de ultra eficiencia siguiendo estándares internacionales. Se identificó cierto grado de residualidad del plaguicida Chlorpirifos de 0,06 mg/kg en promedio y pequeñas cantidades de Cu, Cd, Zn, Mn y Cr, y se las relacionó con los Límites Máximos de Residuos (LMRs) establecidos por la Unión Europea y el Codex Alimentarius. Con la presente investigación se puede demostrar que las aplicaciones sin seguir las recomendaciones técnicas para garantizar la inocuidad alimentaria mantienen la residualidad de los plaguicidas y metales pesados por mayor tiempo en el tomate tipo pera; no obstante, esto depende de las variaciones climáticas que influyen directamente en el tiempo de residualidad
Fetal Neurobehavioral Development: The Role of Maternal Psychosocial, Pathological, and Pharmacological Stress
Authors: Fenster Trenten , Rao Mauna , Mamzhi Yakov , Tsou Jr Harry
Published: April 2021

Maternal-fetal stressors during the gestational period, such as psychosocial stress, disease burden, and medication use, have been shown to significantly affect the neurological and biological development of the fetus. To our knowledge, no previous study in the literature has synthesized the role of these various stressors in neurodevelopment into a single concise review article. Maternal psychosocial stress has been shown to raise levels of stress hormones, such as corticotropin-releasing hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone, which in turn signal the release of glucocorticoids (eg, cortisol) along with catecholamines in the mother and fetus. These cascades could potentially have significant effects on fetal neurodevelopment. Further, this article highlights that certain maternal infectious disease states, such as influenza and Toxoplasma gondii, are associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorders among offspring, including schizophrenia and neurocognitive delay. Investigators have also found that antibodies from autoimmune disease have direct neurotoxic effects on neural cell receptors, manifesting in future cognitive performance deficits. Additionally, we note that the effects of opioid analgesics on fetal neurodevelopment are not well elucidated but some existing literature has found increased rates of neural tube defects and delays in central nervous system development. In summary, there is a need for increased prenatal screening for a wide breadth of maternal stressors to mitigate negative effects on fetal neurodevelopment.
Hoya Saxa: An Interview with Dean Stephen Ray Mitchell
Authors: Chervu Nikhil , Saxon David
Published: April 2021

I recently sat down with Stephen Ray Mitchell, MD, MBA, MACP, FAAP, FACR, the Joseph Butenas Professor of Medical Education and Dean of medical education at Georgetown University School of Medicine. In October 2019, it was announced that Dr. Mitchell’s tenure as Dean of medical education, which began in May 2002, would end on June 30, 2020. In addition to his numerous accomplishments and improvements to the School of Medicine, he is a beloved teacher, friend, and colleague to students, faculty, and staff alike. I was privileged enough to talk to him about his voyage to medicine, time as Dean, and plans for the future.
We Need More Doctors
Authors: Rock Mitchell
Published: April 2021

As Covid-19 strains our healthcare system, it also highlights the growing problem of a physician shortage in the U.S. This article seeks to understand why we are failing to produce enough doctors to meet a growing demand, and to explore how we can combat this issue by increasing funding for residency programs and easing restrictions on foreign-trained physicians.
Interview: The Importance of Investigation: An Interview With Jack Sava, MD
Authors: Chervu Nikhil
Published: April 2021

An interview with Jack Sava, MD, general surgery residency program director and chief of trauma surgery at MedStar Washington Hospital Center.
A Comparison of Stem Cell Therapies for Parkinson Disease
Authors: Hwang Simon , Gill Sunydip , Pathak Seema , Subramanian Samyuth
Published: April 2021

Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Current treatment options for patients with PD include levodopa and deep-brain stimulation. These treatments, although at times effective, are not a panacea for individuals with PD because they only alleviate symptoms. Recently, many different stem cell techniques have emerged that show promise at effectively curing PD, including neural stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Although these techniques show potential, they are limited by the lack of in vivo human testing and clinical trials in animal models of PD. An analysis of these 3 novel stem cell techniques shows that induced pluripotent stem cell treatment has the most promising future as the source of a cure for PD owing to its functionality in drug screening and modeling as well as its usefulness in cell replacement therapy. While still in the preliminary stages of research, stem cells provide a potential curative solution with minimal risks and deficiencies.
THE DIVERSITY OF BIRDS AND ATTRACTIVE BIRDS AS AVITOURISM OBJECTS IN GUNUNG BROMO UNIVERSITY FOREST, KARANGANYAR, CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Aditya Aditya , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto , Sunarto Sunarto , Masyithoh Galuh , Nayasilana Ike Nurjuita
Published: April 2021

The Gunung Bromo University Forest is a former tourism area which must be revitalized, one of them is to be an avitourism object. However, the information of birds diversity is still lacking. The research aimed to determine bird diversity and attractive birds as avitourism object in Gunung Bromo University Forest. The bird observation was con-ducted using the encounter rates method in six line transects. The quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis was used to describe bird diversity and attractive birds as avitourism objects. The research resulted 44 species of birds belong to 26 families were found in the area. The diversity of birds belongs to moderate category with Shannon-Wiener Index of 2.75. The relative abundance of birds were categorized into one species of abundant, seven species of common, eight species of frequent, and 28 species of uncommon. Attractive birds in Gunung Bromo University Forest as avitourism object were three species of raptor, six species of endemic birds, five species of high conservation value birds, and other attractive birds such as colorful birds and songbirds. The bird community in Gunung Bromo University Forest has the potential as an object of avitourism with some opportunities and obstacles.
Uncommon Schools: Citizen-Centric Institutions of Higher Education and the Development of Democratic Professionals
Authors: Dzur Albert W.
Published: April 2021

What does it mean, today, to extend university knowledge to the general public, to empower citizens and communities through higher education? Academics face daunting public skepticism about the overweening power of the educated professional. Conventional ideas of academic professionalism are rooted in a more trusting era in which a “social trustee” model achieved prominence in medicine, law, governance, and education. This way of being a professional embodies a commitment to public service, and it is not intended to disempower, yet it has unintentionally marginalized by furthering epistemic, legal, and normative distinctions between professional and lay citizen knowledge and capability. These distinctions are built into training, institutional practice, and professional self-understandings, all of which can foster social distance and lay skepticism. However, a different, “democratic professionalism,” model is emerging in a number of fields to forge more horizontal linkages with lay people. Such linkages have historical precedent and were evident in nineteenth-century lyceum practices that illustrate the ways that knowledge can be co-produced rather than steered by academic institutions. To be a citizen-centric institution, the university must encourage the education of democratic professionals in a range of fields and use in-reach, action research, and other collaborative methods to involve lay citizens more substantively in knowledge production.
Microwave and convective air on drying of araucaria angustifolia seeds
Authors:   Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Reis Naiara Nobre dos , Taira Joyce Yumi ,   Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Quast Leda Battestin ,   Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Quast Ernesto ,   Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Marsaioli Junior Antonio ,   Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Garais Bruna da Silva ,   Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul
Published: April 2021

Microwave drying has shorter processing times compared with convection drying, which results in high-quality products and reduced energy consumption. The objective of this study is to evaluate the drying process of Araucaria angustifolia seeds using hot air at atmospheric pressure by applying microwaves (300 W and 500 W), and comparing them with the conventional drying process using hot air (80 °C). The drying time using hot air with microwaves at 500 W and 300 W was reduced by 83.33% and 73.89%, respectively, compared with conventional drying. The drying process occurred in the transient regime, with the predominance of a period of decreasing drying rate. The internal temperature of Araucaria seeds increased with the exposure time to the drying process, whereas the moisture content decreased. This tendency was greater for seeds subjected to electromagnetic fields, especially those exposed to higher power. The total phenolic compounds (TPCs) were lower by microwave drying when compared with conventional drying. The TPC loss was influenced by the internal temperature of the seed. Alternative methods to promote the increased retention of phenolic compounds during the drying process include decreasing the microwave power before the end of drying, combining traditional microwave-associated drying methods, and controlling the applied microwave power.
Perception and Interest of English Language Learners (ELL) toward Collaborative Teaching; Evaluation towards Group Activities
Authors: Abulhassan Abdulbagi Babiker Ali , Hamid Fatima Ibrahim Eltayeb
Published: April 2021

This study focuses on evaluating the perceptions of Saudi ELLs enrolled in secondary classes, with an emphasis on group activities. A total of 424 ELLs were enrolled in this study on the basis of purposive sampling technique from eight public schools in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia during the time period of January 2020 to May 2020. A close-ended questionnaire comprising 23 items was distributed online to collect data regarding perceptions of participants towards collaborative teaching and group activities. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test and One-Way ANOVA were used as statistical tools to analyze the data through SPSS version 25.0. Collaborative teaching techniques and group activities were preferred by ELLs with respect to gender differences and grade-level differences, respectively. It was concluded that students studying in different classes preferred group activities in comparison with collaborative teaching techniques.
A Novel Framework for Facilitating Emergency Remote Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Almutairi Faisal M. , Ali Naser G. H. , Ghuloum Husain F.
Published: April 2021

In today’s educational landscape educators and administrators are confronted with unprecedented challenges as they have to hastily move education online. Emergency remote teaching is a response to this crisis. However, the research about the efficacy of remote teaching is scarce because of COVID-19 which is a rapidly evolving situation and also because of a lack of clarity about what constitutes instruction during an emergency. Moreover, the actual practices for emergency remote teaching are unclear in the context of Kuwait. This study aims to investigate how educators are implementing emergency remote instruction in order to reshape education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait where traditional instructional approaches and practices are dominant. Using a case study research design, the researchers delve into educators’ perspectives by collecting qualitative data from interviews. The results indicate that educators used multiple pedagogical approaches to enhance student participation and learning. It also revealed the problematic aspects of remote or distance education. Finally, the results were used to construct and present a Novel Remote Learning Framework, which is an empirically- grounded, theoretically-informed conceptualization of emergency remote instruction which is expected to reshape instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Avaliação e fatores associados à incapacidade funcional de idosos residentes em Instituições de longa permanência
Authors: Rebêlo Felipe Lima , Peixoto Carina Vasconcelos Gama , Lima Joaquim Silva , Silva Clara Maria De Araujo , Santos Alynne Iasmin Batista
Published: April 2021

Introdução: O envelhecimento cursa com alterações funcionais que predispõe o idoso à perda funcional, que associada ao processo de institucionalização é potencializada. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de incapacidade funcional de idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência em Maceió (AL). Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com os idosos residentes nas nove instituições da cidade de Maceió. Foram coletados dados socioeconômicos e demográficos e realizada a avaliação da capacidade funcional através do índice de Katz. Resultados: A amostra final foi de 270 indivíduos. A média de idade foi de 78,9 anos, com predomínio do sexo feminino e baixo nível de escolaridade. A análise estatística evidenciou associação significativa entre uso de bengala/muleta (p 0,01), síndrome do imobilismo (p 0,01), menor frequência de visitas (p 0,01) e menor circunferência da panturrilha (p 0,01). Conclusão: Este estudo permite concluir que há um alto déficit funcional, diminuição da circunferência da panturrilha, apresentar imobilismo, receber menos visitas e usar bengala/muleta mostraram associação direta com maiores déficits.
Modelo para a caracterização do processo de inovação em design
Authors: Bernardo Alberthy Alysson Coelho , Medeiros Wellington Gomes de
Published: April 2021

Objective of the study: The value of design needs to be constantly reaffirmed due to its nature with eminently qualitative elements – unlike innovation, which has a quantitative origin. This article aims to explore the relationship between design and innovation and their common points.Methodology/approach: The study has a qualitative character, with an exploratory and descriptive investigation, based on a surveying of the main terms and concepts about design an innovation, both printed and digital publications.Originality/Relevance: From the main points of conceptual convergence, the text proposes an approximation between innovation and design based on a model consisting of the following criteria: application context; structure and organization of the company to generate innovation; dimensions that drive innovation; degree of novelty; and results generated.Main results: With the proposed model for the characterization of the design innovation process, the research concluded that, although historically they appeared at different times, design and innovation are complementary disciplines with contiguous objectives.Theoretical/methodological contributions: This work not only contributes to the discussion about a closer approximation between the two areas, indicating mutual benefits, but it also demonstrates that the proposed model can favor the understanding of the value of design.Social/management contributions: The model described in this article can help innovation agents, companies and all stakeholders who aimed to restructure existing products or design new products based on innovation criteria.
Specificity of the teacher's work in the common room
Authors: Kaczor Agnieszka
Published: April 2021

This article presents a description of the specificity of a teacher's work in the common room based on the factors determining its essence, noticed in the literature on the subject. Due to the adopted interpretative perspective, the common room has been characterized as a place that by definition plays an important role in the process of supporting a child's development, and this process is supported by the specificity of the teacher's work in the common room. The concept of Jerzy Nikitorowicz was used to analyse the common room. Referring to the "borderlines" identified by him, it was specified what the work of the teacher in the common room looks like in the perspective of factors important for analysing the common room in the context of each borderline. It allowed to obtain a new perspective of the described place.
Potential Application of Nanoporous Materials in Biomedical Field
Authors: Prasad Mishra Saraswati , Dutta Shweta , Kumar Sahu Anil , Mishra Koushlesh , Kashyap Pankaj
Published: April 2021

Nanoporous materials are the substances having pores of size 100 nanometers in a frame work organic or inorganic substance. These substances are used in medical devices such as bioartificial organ and biosensing. Nanoporous material has also importance in the field of diagnostics. This chapter basically explains about the nanoporous material in detail along with its types. The methods of fabrication of these nanoporous material area also explained. The chapter also deals with the characterization of the materials. Moreover present application of nanoporous material such as in the field of biomedicals along with the future prospects is explained in the present chapter.
Metabolic Network Modeling for Rational Drug Design against Candida albicans
Authors: Verma Rashi , Pradhan Dibyabhaba , Singh Harpreet , Kumar Jain Arun , Ahmad Khan Luqman
Published: April 2021

The growing evidences of Candida albicans (C. albicans) infections are slowly becoming a threat to public health. Moreover, prevalence of antifungal resistant strains of C. albicans has emphasized the need for identification of potent targets for rational drug designing. In this aspect, traditional methods for target identification with validation have been found to be expensive and time-consuming. To overcome the concern, genome scale metabolic model construction provides a promising platform that allows novel target identification in combination with subtractive genome analysis. Thus, the chapter details current advancement in model construction, target identification and validation. In brief, it elucidates the overall strategies of C. albicans metabolome draft preparation, gap filling, curation of model, simulation followed by model validation, target identification and host pathogen interaction analysis. Finally, several examples of successful metabolic model construction and their utility in rational drug designing also have been discussed.
Promising Detoxification Approaches to Mitigate Aflatoxins in Foods and Feeds
Authors: Pandey Vishakha
Published: April 2021

Aflatoxins are a group of naturally occurring carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by certain Aspergillus species in nuts, grains, oilseeds and vegetables. Ingestion of aflatoxin contaminated food and feed has extremely negative health implications in humans and livestocks. Additionally, exporting countries face the trade barrier due to strict regulations in international market to maintain food quality. This led to huge economic losses to global exporters. Therefore, there is an urgent need for development of effective methods for detoxification of aflatoxins from food and feed to ensure food security. Till date, numerous methods for detoxification of aflatoxins from foods have been employed. Physical, chemical and biological treatment are the novel promising approaches for partial/complete detoxification of aflatoxins from the foodstuffs. In this chapter, we will address the efficacy and shortcomings of each methods in with respect to economic importance, human health and food security.