bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etnomedicine Melalui Penggunaan Daun Cemangi pada Masyarakat Pammana Kabupaten Wajo
Authors: Randiana Windirianti  , Rati Mardatillah  , Yasmin Putri Islamay  , Ameliah Ahmad  , Abdul Majid
Published: July 2022

Penggunaan daun cemangi oleh masyarakat Pammana kabupatenWajo sebagai tradisi turun - temurun yang dipercayai masyarakat sebagai pengobatan. Etnomedicine penggunaan daun cemangi dapat memberikan dampak sugesti yang kuat terhadap tradisi atau budaya masyarakat setempat yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan khususnya kualitas hidup masyarakat Pammana kabupaten Wajo. Tujuan: Eksplorasi etnomedicine penggunaan daun cemangi pada masyarakat Pammana kabupaten Wajo. Metode study kualitatif dengan teknik snowball samplingpada 10 partisipan melalui 1 partisipan kunci dengan teknik deep interview. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh 5 tema pada eksplorasietnomedicine penggunaan daun cemangi diantaranya:tema 1 jenis penyakit, jenis penyakit yang masyarakat obati dengan daun cemangi adalah penyakit ringan sakit kepala, sakit perut, sesak nafas, demam, dan diare kemudian tema 2 cara memperoleh daun cemangi, masyarakat pammana memperoleh daun cemangi dengan cara mengambil disekitar rumah mereka karena mayoritas masyarakat menanam daun cemangi. Tema 3 cara memperoleh, daun cemangi masyarakat mengolah daun cemangi dengan cara dicuci terlebih dahulu kemudian ditumbuk dan ditempelkan pada bagian tubuh yang sakit. Tema 4bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan, bagian daun cemangi yang digunakan masyarakat adalah bagian daun.Tema 5 manfaat daun cemangi yang di dapatkan masyarakat akibat dari penggunaan daun cemangi, dari segi ekonomi masyarakat tidak perlu lagi membeli obat karena mayoritas masyarakat menanam daun cemangi dirumah mereka, dari segi kesehatan daun cemangi memberikan kesembuhan pada sakit yang masyarakat rasakan juga memberikan efek relaksasi ketika daun cemangi telah ditempelkan pada bagian tubuh yang sakit. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, masyarakat pammana menggunakan daun cemangi untuk jenis penyakit ringan, mendapatkan daun cemangi dari halaman rumah mereka kemudian mengambil bagian daun pada daun cemangi dan diolah dengan cara dicuci terlebih dahulu lalu ditumbuk dan ditempelkan pada bagian tubuh yang sakit. Manfaat yang dirasakan masyarakat sangatlah banyak baik dari segi ekonomi maupun dari segi kesehatan.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kejadian Drop Out Imunisasi Difteri, Pertusis dan Tetanus (DPT) pada Bayi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lampisang Aceh Besar
Authors: Rafsanjani T.M. , Amni Ummayal , Hamzah Diza Fathamira , Muhammad Riski , Akbar Hairil
Published: July 2022

Upaya imunisasi DPT dianggap merupakan cara yang paling tepat untuk meningkatkan status kekebalan seseorang terhadap penyakit difteri, pertusis dan tetanus. Angka drop out imunisasi DPT pada bayi relatif tinggi yaitu mencapai 9,5% melebihi ambang batas Drop Out Rate yaitu ≤ 5% yang terdapat di Wilayah Puskesmas Lampisang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan drop out imunisasi DPT pada bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Lampisang Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki anak usia 12-18 bulan sebanyak 147 orang dan sampel sebanyak 108 responden dengan teknik proportional sampling. Uji statistik yang digunakan yaitu uji Chi-Square. Hasil Penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan drop out imunisasi DPT (p value 0,024) dan terdapat hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan drop out imunisasi DPT (p value 0,040) di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lampisang Aceh Besar. Perlu adanya peran aktif dari petugas kesehatan untuk dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang Imunisasi DPT, melakukan pendekatan kepada keluarga, serta memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat tentang efek samping dari imunisasi DPT.
Some Scientific Customary Health Practices of Hindu Brahmins of Nalbari and Barpeta Districts of Assam, India
Authors: Sharma Hiranmaya
Published: July 2022

The customary practices among various communities are a result of accumulation of knowledge of many generations over a long period of time. Many customary practices are associated with the health of human in some way. The Assamese Brahmins also practice many customary health practices, which affect the overall health of the human body in many ways. In this study, the customary health practices of Brahmins of Nalbari and Barpeta districts of Assam have been studied. Many practices related to various daily and seasonal activities are prevalent among the Assamese Brahmins. Some such practices are associated with daily activi- ties like cooking, bathing and eating. Customary practices associated with seasonal activities like festivals, Puja and Naam-Kirtan also finds an important place in their lifestyle. Modern day research has elaborated the scientific bases of many such practices followed by Assamese Brahmins. Some practices like fasting can help in keeping the body metabolism in check, leading to a healthy life. Many practices related to children, women and men helps in maintaining the childhood ailments, pregnancy and overall health of the people. The stringent customary practices, which are hard to follow in the present day world, are losing the frequency of use during the present days, leading to extinction of such practices, which evolved over long periods of time. Such customary practices can be utilized effectively for preventing present day ailments and also for cure without the use of any additional medicines or medical therapy.
Historical Perspective of Trade Relation Between the Nyishi and Tibetan
Authors: Camder Yab Rajiv , Mody Philip , Tok Kumar
Published: July 2022

Trade is one of the main sources of development of any region. It is an essential part of every human civilization. Times out of mind, the Nyishi tribe is known to have been maintaining trade relation with Tibetan counterpart. It is believed that Nincgh Yayi were the first people who had started Nyeme Pudung Rongnaam which means ‘marching toward Tibet especially for trade’. During those Nyeme Pudung, Nyishi people faced lots of hurdles during their journey to Tibet (China) to carry out trading activities. Fascinatingly, those hurdles became folk tales. Subsequently, in famous folk tales like Aachi Aachiya Rupche (Dimum Ren), Aach Yashi, Hadu Daachar etc, of Nyishi community came into existence. Further, the Nyishi and Tibetans had barter trading in which goods were exchanged for other goods. In the course of trading, Nyishi people had exported skins, testis, teeth, claw of many wild animals, Pud Ejeh etc. Likewise, Nyishis had been importing Mapu Aalu (salt), Ruar Aryu (sword), Sangte & Sangter Tasang (beads), Maji (kinds of bell), Talu (brass plate) etc from Tibetans. With this background, the paper makes an attempt to provide a historical account of economy of the Nyishi community. Also, it shall provide a historical perspective of trade relation between Nyishi and Tibetans.
Implementation and Monitoring of Rural Development Schemes-A study of select districts in Arunachal Pradesh
Authors: Yasung Millo
Published: July 2022

Arunachal Pradesh, a State in North Eastern India has approximately 80 per cent of the people residing in rural area and thus being a rural state, depends totally upon central assistance. There are various Centrally Sponsored Schemes like MGNREGA, IAY etc that are designed by the Government of India for alleviation of rural poverty and bring in development. In Arunachal Pradesh, the Department of Rural Development is the chief institution that is responsible for implementation and monitoring of these developmental schemes. But whether or not they fulfill their responsibility sincerely is questionable as is evident from the presentscenario of Arunachal Pradesh, which is not very pleasant. This research paper is descriptive in nature. Multi-staged sampling is used to collect data from three districts of Arunachal Pradesh. Both primary and secondary data is used for this paper. The paper tries to compare the opinion of three groups that comprise of the officials of the Department of Rural Development, the people’s representatives and the community regarding implementation and monitoring of various schemes in the State using One-way ANOVA technique. From the data it is found out that the opinion of the three groups vary extensively with regards to implementation and monitoring of the rural development schemes in the district. Thus it indicates that there might a lacuna with regards to implementation and monitoring process.
Հայ տոհմածին տիկնանց իշխանականդիրքը եւ հավակնություններն ըստ միջնադարյան հիշատակագրերի
Authors: Ղարիբյան Նազենի
Published: July 2022

Les inscriptions lapidaires et les colophons des manuscrits arméniens médiévaux contiennent certains renseignements concernant les femmes, qui peuvent aider à mieux comprendre leur statut social, leur position dans la famille et dans la société. L'analyse de l'ensemble de ce corpus permet de constater que dans la société médiévale arménienne, l'origine familiale, la généalogie et l'échelle sociale comptaient beaucoup plus que le genre (gender). Surtout dans le milieu aristocratique, en raison de la structure dynastique et héréditaire du système politicosocial arménien, l'appartenance de souche à telle ou telle vieille famille dynastique prévalait à tout autre position et charge; ainsi, la « noblesse de race » était une dignité inaliénable, même si les familles aient perdu, au fil des siècles, leurs titres politiques ou leurs domaines fonciers. D'après les documents en question, cette dignité aurait dû être octroyée également aux membres femelles des grandes familles, qui gardaient la notion de l'échelle aristocratique et l'exprimaient dument sur leur inscriptions memorielles en se présentant avant tout par leur nom, leur descendance et leur position et, dans certains cas, en omettant ceux de leur époux. Cette tendance devient symptomatique à l'Epoque des Royaumes (IXe - XIe siècle) et trouve son apogée à la période suivante (XIIe -XIVe ), surtout dans les régions nordest de l'Arménie où une nouvelle aristocratie dirigente étaient formée à l'issue de la campagne de libération arméno-géorgienne contre la domination seldjukide.
Հայազգի «հրեշավոր երկվորյակները» Մոսուլում. արաբական աղբյուրների վկայությունները
Authors: Դանիելյան Գագիկ
Published: July 2022

The reign of Ašot III (953-978) of Bagratid Armenia was marked by peace, political stability and economic prosperity. The king was renowned for his pious and benevolent attitude towards the poor and the disabled. For his charitable deeds, he earned the nickname “merciful” and after his death was even canonized by the Armenian Church. Ibn al-Ǧawzī’s Al-Muntazam fī tārīh al-mulūk wa-l-umam contains an interesting report of two conjoined men, sent in 352 A.H./963 A.D by the “lord of Armenia”, who most probably was Ašot III, to Nāsir al-Dawla al-Hamdānī, the governor of Mosul and al- Ğazīra. It comes clear from the further description that the historian is talking about conjoined twins. Given the high level of the medieval Arabic medicine, the Armenian authorities sent the twins to Mosul, probably hoping that it would be possible to separate them. Other accounts of conjoined twins can be found in the medieval Arabic historiography.
Մեծ Հայքի Գուգարք նահանգն ըստ Է Դարի «Աշխարհացոյց»-ի
Authors: Յակոբեան Ալեքսան
Published: July 2022

The Armenian geographical work “Ashkharhac'oyc'”, which was created for use by members of the Armenian delegation as an auxiliary material at the so-called Persian Council in Ctesiphon (616 or 618), gives a rather detailed description of the province of Gugarq (graec. Γωγαρηνή). According to this description, Gugarq consisted of 9 regions (gavars), which were separated from the Armenian country and included in the neighboring marzpanat of Iberia (Virq, Qartli) at the end of the 4th century. However, in the description of Iberia, 12 regions are listed that were torn away from Armenia. We associate this phenomenon with the main Bdešx (the Kurfyurst) function of the region of Tashir, who for this received rights over three additional regions (Bołnopor, Quishapor and Mangleac'por). A careful study of the text of “Ashxarhac'oyc'” makes it possible to clarify the localization and boundary lines of several regions of Gugark, which were previously proposed by Suren Yeremyan and Babken Harutyun-yan. This is especially true for the regions of Kangarq, Trełq, Tsobopor, Bołnopor and Quishapor. The article is accompanied by a map of Gugarq, which was compiled with the help of Ruben Tarumyan.
Electroremediation in low-hydraulic conductivity zones – current stage of knowledge and small-scale laboratory experiment
Authors:   Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Geochemistry Ilkovičova 6,  SK 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia, Čičáková Claudia , Tóth Roman ,   Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Geochemistry Ilkovičova 6,  SK 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia,   The Centre of Environmental Services, Ltd., Kutlíkova 17, SK 852 50 Bratislava, Slovakia, Horváthová Hana ,   Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Geochemistry Ilkovičova 6,  SK 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia,   The Centre of Environmental Services, Ltd., Kutlíkova 17, SK 852 50 Bratislava, Slovakia, Drábik Anton ,   The Centre of Environmental Services, Ltd., Kutlíkova 17, SK 852 50 Bratislava, Slovakia, Jurkovič Ľubomír ,   Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Geochemistry Ilkovičova 6,  SK 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia, Kravchenko Denis ,   The Centre of Environmental Services, Ltd., Kutlíkova 17, SK 852 50 Bratislava, Slovakia
Published: July 2022

Over past decades, the rapid increase of industrial activities has caused vast environmental pollution by different types of contaminants. Groundwater sources belong to the most vulnerable parts of the environment. Zones, especially aquifers with low hydraulic-conductivity (mainly clayey, silty soils with gravels) represent a considerable challenge for scientists to remediate due to their low transmissivity values. Conventional remediation methods (i.e. pump and treat) are ineffective in such conditions; therefore, new and effective methods are required. Electroremediation appears to be a suitable technique in aquifers with low-hydraulic conductivity. Although, this method has been known for decades, there is still a lack of field applications. This article summarizes the current stage of knowledge in electrokinetic remediation of contaminants (e.g. hydrocarbons, metals) in low-hydraulic conductivity aquifers and presents information from certain available field application studies. The aim was to focus on optimizing and enhancing approaches in the electroremediation method and summarily bring useful information to future researchers in their practical utilization. Furthermore, a small-scale laboratory experiment was conducted to prove the efficiency of electroremediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons in groundwater from the model locality (environmental burden), intended for large-scale pilot decontamination by this approach.
Análise de uma solução de rotas seguras para coletivos urbanos centrada no usuário
Authors: Ramos João Marcos A. M. , Almeida Vinícius G. J. , Santana Henrique S. , Silva Thais R. M. B. , Silva Fabrício A.
Published: July 2022

A mobilidade ciente de contexto tem o potencial de tornar a maneira como nos deslocamos mais eficiente, segura e sustentável. Dentre os contextos possíveis, a segurança, em termos de níveis de criminalidade das regiões, é um que tem sido utilizado visando o cálculo de rotas mais seguras. Porém, os trabalhos existentes focam em veículos particulares, e não avaliam o impacto gerado para os cidadãos como um todo. Neste trabalho, uma solução existente para o cálculo de rotas seguras é avaliada no contexto de transporte coletivo de ônibus em termos do impacto causado para os passageiros. Os resultados mostraram que, em geral, a mudança de uma rota de ônibus para se tornar mais segura aumenta o trecho viajado em poucos quilômetros para a maioria dos passageiros. Além desta análise, uma ferramenta para extração de fluxos de mobilidade escalável foi também implementada como contribuição do trabalho.
Implantação do Sistema MobiLysa em Espaços Inteligentes Programáveis
Authors: Izabel Vinícius H. , Oliveira Matheus D. de , Menines Mateus S. , Vassallo Raquel F. , Silva Leonardo A. , Carmo Alexandre P. do
Published: July 2022

O cão-guia robô Lysa foi desenvolvido para auxiliar pessoas com deficiência visual em sua locomoção alertando sobre os obstáculos no caminho. Entretanto este robô ainda não é capaz de guiar a pessoa até um local desejado. Com a premissa de cumprir este objetivo, foi criado o MobiLysa, que é um sistema que integra o processo de localização, controle e navegação da Lysa em ambientes internos, o que é feito por meio de um espaço inteligente programável baseado em visão computacional. Este artigo relata a implantação desse sistema em um espaço inteligente programável e a realização dos primeiros testes experimentais dos serviços de navegação usando um robô móvel para a prova de conceito do sistema.
ICU Management of Tetanus
Authors: Abubakar Ballah , Dunga Jacob , B. Jibrin Yusuf , Maina Hassan , G. Buma Bordiya , Maigari Ibrahim
Published: July 2022

Tetanus is a major public health concern in low socio economic countries and it carries a high mortality rate. However, the incidence of tetanus in developed nations has greatly reduced due to an excellent vaccine program. Tetanus is caused by a neurotoxin released by Clostridium tetani. C. tetani is a spore-forming bacterium that is widely distributed in soil and it is also found in the intestines and feces of animals such as horses, sheep, cattle, dogs, cats, rats and guinea pigs. The mortality is because of various complications due to muscle spasms, autonomic dysfunction, as well as due to prolonged critical care. Management of tetanus with its complications is in an intensive care unit and the goals of management include stopping further toxin production, neutralization of unbound toxin, management of the airway, control of muscle spasm, treatment of autonomic dysfunction and general supportive management. The effective method of preventing tetanus is by immunization with tetanus toxoid containing vaccines. The vaccine is cheap, effective and safe for all age groups.
Epidemiological Aspects of Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Riaz Arshia , I. Goraya Bushra , A. Chaudhry Imtiaz
Published: July 2022

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis that affects medium-to-large-sized arteries, in which the inflammatory reaction destroys the artery wall with the fragmentation of the elastic lamina. Such phenomena can result in vision loss if not treated promptly. Other nonocular symptoms noted include GCA, headache, tenderness in the temporal area of the scalp, myalgias and arthralgias, fever, weight loss, and jaw claudication. Clinical suspicion is an essential pathway to the diagnosis of this disease. Thus, immediate Westergren sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein should be obtained. A temporal artery biopsy, however, remains the most definitive diagnostic tool. The incidence of GCA remarkably increases with each decade of age among those aged 50 years or over. Additionally, there have been notable differences among patients of different ethnicities. The epidemiological characteristics of GCA have been primarily researched in populations from the United States as well as several European countries with emphasis on the Caucasian population. In more recent years, a handful of studies have emerged from non-European countries regarding the epidemiology of GCA. The results of these findings are in parallel with previous observations, which presumed GCA to be more common in European and North American populations.
Molecular Techniques for Essentially Derived Varieties
Authors: Stankovic Bratislav
Published: July 2022

The term “essentially derived varieties” (EDVs) was introduced by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) to prevent the exploitation of minor changes in relation to the initial plant variety (IV), without the holder of the IV right being able to share in the revenues. A plant variety is deemed an EDV when it is predominantly derived from the IV, or from a variety that is itself predominantly derived from the IV, while retaining the expression of the essential characteristics that result from the genotype of the IV. Molecular markers can be used to characterize plant genetic resources and to provide measures of genetic (dis)similarities between plant varieties. Genetic distance estimates based on molecular markers are a preferred approach to estimate genetic conformity between putative EDVs and their IVs. Numerous publications have shown the advantages of molecular markers, their high throughput, high map resolution, and high repeatability for determination of EDVs. They help reduce the legal uncertainty surrounding the EDV concept, thus providing a more predictable business environment that allows genetic diversity to be surveyed with ever-increasing effectiveness, improving the selection of new genotypes that are optimally able to perform in target agricultural environments.
Low-Alcohol and Nonalcoholic Wines: Production Methods, Compositional Changes, and Aroma Improvement
Authors: Ma Teng-Zhen , Eudes Sam Faisal , Zhang Bo
Published: July 2022

Nonalcoholic wine (NW) has attracted the interest of winemakers and researchers in recent years, mainly due to the increasing market share of NW (≤ 1% alcohol by volume), the health risks associated with the consumption of wine, the global trend toward healthier lifestyles, and the uncompromising cardioprotective effects of NW. NW can be produced using several methods, particularly, dealcoholization of wines, which is mainly achieved by physical dealcoholization methods. However, the dealcoholization of wine has two major drawbacks. The first drawback is legal since the laws vary according to each country. The second disadvantage is technical since it is difficult to dealcoholize a wine while maintaining its original organoleptic characteristics. Both the aromatic qualities (volatile composition) and taste (sensory characteristics) of the dealcoholized wine (DW) tend to worsen the greater the decrease in its alcoholic strength. This makes the resulting wine have a different flavor and aroma. Improvement of the aroma of DW after dealcoholization could help wine producers limit undesirable effects and increase consumer acceptance. This chapter is focused on the popular techniques used in wine dealcoholization, their impact on the phenolic composition, volatile composition, sensory characteristics, and the state-of-the-art methods of improving the aroma profile of DW.
Generation of Mud Volcanic Systems Sourced in Dehydrated Serpentospheric Mantle: A ‘Deep-to-Seep’ Model for the Zechstein Salines-Kupferschiefer Cu-Ag Deposits
Authors: B. Keith Stanley , C. Rasmussen Jan , Spieth Volker
Published: July 2022

Mud volcanism can provide a mechanism for hot hydrothermal muds and brines to ascend from dehydrated, serpentinized peridotite at the mantle-crust contact (Moho). Such mud volcanism may have occurred on a regional scale across northern Europe when high to low density brines erupted as metalliferous, hot, hydrothermal, hydrocarbon-rich mud slurries. These mud-brines were delivered to the Permo-Triassic unconformity in a shallow Zechstein sea during the Pangea breakup through a series of deep-seated conduits that connected the serpentosphere to the Zechstein unconformity. A three-stage, hot, hydrothermal, mud volcanic model can explain the Kupferschiefer-Zechstein-Rote Fäule sequence of polymetallic, hydrocarbon, and saline mineralization as a consequence of a three-stage, dehydration sequence of deep serpentospheric uppermost mantle. Dehydration products of mantle-heated serpentinite were produced in three sequential stages: (1) lizardite to antigorite, (2) antigorite to chlorite-harzburgite, and (3) chlorite-harzburgite to garnet peridotite. The dehydration of serpentine correlates to three stages of Zechstein-Kupferschiefer mineralization: (1) Weissliegend-Kupferschiefer Cu-Ag-carbonaceous shale and silica sand deposits, to (2) Zechstein saline deposits, to (3) Rote Fäule hematite-Au-REE-U cross-cutting metallization.
Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Interaction in Central Neurons
Authors: Kushnireva Liliya , Korkotian Eduard
Published: July 2022

The proteins presenilin-1/2 play a key role in the interactions between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum at synaptic contacts of central neurons. Several novel observations suggest that mutations in presenilin-1 lead to an abnormal energy state, an early sign of neurodegeneration and Alzheimer’s disease. Recent studies suggest that in the postsynaptic region, calcium stores are widely represented in the spine apparatus, which is located in a strategically important compartment - the neck of mature mushroom-shaped dendritic spines. Moreover, in the dendritic shaft area, at the base of the spines, one finds oblong mitochondrial clusters supplying the postsynaptic area and the local protein synthesis with ATP. Calcium signals, generated by the postsynaptic membranes, affect both calcium release from local stores through ryanodine channels and the uptake based on store-operated calcium entry. The entire complex of nanoscale signaling most likely determines the production of ATP. Violation of the functional relationship between mitochondria and reticular calcium depots can lead to disruption of signaling pathways that stimulate ATP production at the stages of increased activity of individual synapses. In this chapter, we will present the signaling mechanisms of interaction between mitochondria, spine clusters, and calcium nano-stores in postsynaptic area.
Pathology of Streptococcal Infections
Authors: Tsutsumi Yutaka
Published: July 2022

Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae, representative Gram-positive cocci, may cause both localized (skin and soft tissue) and systemic infections. Lobar pneumonia is a unique form of acute and severe lung infection of S. pneumoniae. Streptococcus viridans group, normal flora of the oral cavity, may lead not only to mucosal infection but also to aspiration pneumonia, infective endocarditis, and systemic infections. The severest and often lethal form of progressive and systemic infection includes fulminant streptococcal and pneumococcal infections. Autopsy is essentially important for the analysis of fulminant infections. Pathological features of varied streptococcal infections are illustrated and discussed. Immunohistochemical identification of the pathogen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections is effective and valuable in confirming the type of infected pathogens.
Applications of Fuzzy Set and Fixed Point Theory in Dynamical Systems
Authors: Kumar Sharma Praveen , Sharma Shivram , Kaushik Jitendra , Goyal Palash
Published: July 2022

This chapter shall discuss various applications of fixed-point theory and fuzzy set theory. Fixed point theory and fuzzy set theory are very useful tools that are applicable in almost all branches of mathematical analysis. There are many problems that cannot be solved by applying the concept of other existing theories but can be solved easily by using the concept of fuzzy set theory and fixed point theory. So here in this chapter, we shall introduce the fuzzy set theory and fixed point theory concerning their applications in existing branches of science, engineering, mathematics, and dynamical systems.
Heat and Mass Transfer of a Decoupling Cooling System: A Desiccant-Coated Heat Exchanger and a Dew-Point Evaporative Cooler
Authors: Jin Oh Seung , Kim Yeongmin , Yang Yong-yoo , Jung Ko Yoon
Published: July 2022

This study presents an innovative de-coupling cooling technology where latent and sensible cooling loads are handled separately by a desiccant-coated heat exchanger (DCHE)-based dehumidifier and a dew-point evaporative cooler (DEC). The DCHE first removes the moisture of humid outdoor air by adsorption process. Subsequently, the DEC sensibly cools down the dehumidified air, maintaining the humidity ratio. Their performances are investigated numerically by analyzing the heat and mass transfer. The cyclic average outlet values of DCHE are applied to the inlet conditions for DEC simulation. Comparison between the simulation results and the experimental data was carried out and showed good agreement and a similar trend with a maximum discrepancy of 8.6% for DCHE and 3.2% for DEC, respectively. Key results revealed that moisture removal capacity (MRC) and latent cooling capacity (QL) for DCHE are largely affected by varying air dry-bulb and air wet-bulb temperatures, while the almost constant COPth was observed regardless of the variation of temperatures. For the DEC, the higher dew-point effectiveness and wet-bulb effectiveness were observed at the higher dry-bulb temperature and higher humidity ratio, while the higher sensible cooling capacity was observed at the higher dry-bulb temperature and lower humidity ratio.
Organoclay Nano-Adsorbent: Preparation, Characterization and Applications
Authors: Yahya Kawthar , Hamdi Wissem , Hamdi Noureddine
Published: July 2022

Organoclay has a tremendous impact on both fundamental studies and practical applications in numerous fields. In this context, this chapter investigates the performance of Organoclay in wastewater treatment. In particular, the adsorption of various hazardous substances has been reviewed. This study aims to give an overview of the preparation methods of Organoclay. The second purpose was to discuss the removal efficiency and reliability of various pollutants by organoclay. The third goal discussed the isotherms and kinetics used for the data interpretation. This work revealed that the characteristics of Organoclay depend mainly on the type of clay used and the nature of the intercalated surfactant. Sorption efficiency was found to depend on the nature of Organoclay, type of pollutant, pH, contact time and the concentration of pollutant.
Emerging and Re-Emerging Bacterial Zoonoses: A Nigerian Perspective on Control, Prevention and Intervention
Authors: W. Taylor-Robinson Andrew , O. Omitola Olaitan
Published: July 2022

A propensity to re-emerge is a characteristic of bacterial zoonoses, diseases caused by bacteria that can be transmitted to humans from animals. Research shows that their transmission occurs in Nigeria, the most populated nation in Africa. However, due to insufficient epidemiological surveillance of bacterial zoonoses, the magnitude and burden of these infectious diseases is not fully acknowledged. They are therefore not a priority target of the national public health policy. This lesser concern is regardless of their likely role in the extensive prevalence of non-malarial undifferentiated fever in Nigeria. Several animal reservoirs and arthropod vectors of transmission have been identified for these diseases, Yet, the increase in cases of undiagnosed febrile illness emphasizes the imperative to undertake an extensive evaluation of other possible reservoirs, vectors and transmission cycles that may raise the local risk of zoonotic bacterial infections. Animal health interventions have been advanced as an economically viable and practical approach. Further, facilitating the operation of a community-based One Health program is essential to providing the comprehensive epidemiological information that is required in order to improve prioritization of bacterial zoonoses. This would generate impetus for much-needed investment in relevant public health interventions.
Topomineralogía de la Comunidad de Madrid 2
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim
Published: July 2022

Con este número, seguiremos con el tratamiento de la TOPOMINERALOGIA MADRILEÑA: o lo que es lo mismo: LOS MINERALES Y SUS YACIMIENTOS EN LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID.

Como ya mencionamos en CANTÍL 001, la TOPOMINERALOGIA MADRILEÑA, la iremos presentando en tres números sucesivos de esta publicación. Así, en el primer número (CANTIL 001), nos centraremos en dos de los antiguos Partidos Judiciales de Madrid, el de Alcalá de Henares y el de Aranjuez. En el presente (CANTIL 002) nos centraremos en los del Escorial, Getafe y Madrid. Y en el tercero (CANTIL 003) en los de Navalcarnero, San Martín de Valdeiglesias y Torrelaguna. Al final del tercero, publicaremos un índice general de las localidades citadas en la Comunidad de Madrid.

En cada caso, en la FICHA EXCEL (elaborada por Antonieta SANTACREU), daremos los siguientes daros de cada indicio:

- MUNICIPIO. A menudo indicaremos el agregado (en este caso, con el nombre del municipio, entre paréntesis)

- PARAJE (con las coordenadas UTM X e Y y a menudo la Z)

- CARACTERÍSTICAS

- Nª DEL MAPA EN QUE SE HALLA (a escala 1:50.000)

- MINERALES ENCONTRADOS

Evidentemente, podríamos ”vestir” estos datos con más detalles, pero en aras a la efectividad, nos hemos decantado por la sencillez de esta exposición de los datos otrora obtenidos y revisados a menudo en el campo, tras sucesivas investigaciones sobre el terreno.
La construcción social del espacio público en el centro histórico de Irapuato, GTO
Authors: Meneses Sánchez Carlota Laura , Cordero Domínguez José de Jesús
Published: July 2022

En el centro histórico de Irapuato, concentran en la zona central los escasos espacios públicos y las obras públicas para remozarlos, modificarlos, según el presidente municipal en turno, a través del programa de Rescate del Centro Histórico de Irapuato. Los ocho barrios que integran el centro histórico carecen de espacios públicos para el disfrute de los habitantes y los visitantes. El barrio de Santiaguito al sur de la zona central cuenta con un espacio público, con escasa vegetación y árboles, y también de actores.

Este trabajo es un avance del proyecto de investigación Los espacios públicos en las ciudades de Guanajuato. El objetivo principal es analizar La construcción social del espacio público, en las prácticas de los adultos, jóvenes, niños, y de género en los espacios públicos. Ellos son quiénes construyen el lugar, el espacio urbano, la ciudad misma.

La construcción social del espacio público, con acercamiento a la geografía humana, al constructivismo geográfico, empleando para ello la metodología cualitativa, através de la observación pasiva como herramienta donde el narrador sitúa las prácticas, los lugares, los escenarios, los comportamientos, la movilidad, la permanencia, de los más mínimos gestos de los actores que denoten la interpretación del significado de apropiación, abandono, de indiferencia y sentido de lugar en los distintos escenarios que componen los espacios públicos del centro histórico de Irapuato.

No se pretende estudiar, medir, observar la totalidad de las prácticas de los sujetos en los espacios urbanos, solo aquellas capas o niveles que se sitúan dentro de una misma escenario.
¿Una habitación por consenso?: la calle que estamos construyendo en los enclaves residenciales y lo que podemos hacer para recuperarla: el caso de Bogotá.
Authors: Bermúdez Obregón Ramón
Published: July 2022

“La calle es una habitación por consenso” (Kahn,1971), donde las edificaciones que la delimitan son las encargadas de otorgarle su propósito y carácter (Monteys, 2017). Esta ponencia parte de esta premisa para proponer una revisión de los elementos urbanos arquetípicos que aún hoy dan forma a la ciudad: la Calle, la esquina, la plaza y la manzana. Nos ocupa estudiarlas pormenorizadamente para entender sus valores y su pervivencia en la ciudad de los enclaves residenciales y buscar alternativas construibles para resolver sus evidentes falencias (Sennett,2018). Esta ponencia apunta establecer las bases del proyecto piloto CIUDAD ISLA, que se ha concentrado en demostrar la viabilidad de introducir arquitecturas consensuales para conformar bordes activos en el espacio público de la ciudad existente aprovechando los espacios libres disponibles. El caso de estudio escogido es Bogotá debido a la magnitud del fenómeno de enclaves residenciales en el tejido urbano. En 2018 la ciudad contaba con 3500 conjuntos cerrados (De la Carrera, 2014) que albergaban al 38% de los hogares urbanos (Kostenwein, 2020)

"The street is a room by consensus" (Kahn, 1971), where the buildings that delimit it are in charge of giving it its purpose and character (Monteys, 2017). This presentation starts from this premise to propose a review of the archetypal urban elements that still shape the city today: the Street, the corner, the square and the block. It is up to us to study them in detail to understand their values ​​and their survival in the city of residential enclaves and to look for constructable alternatives to solve their obvious shortcomings (Sennett, 2018). This presentation aims to establish the bases of the CIUDAD ISLA pilot project, which has focused on demonstrating the viability of introducing consensual architectures to form active borders in the public space of the existing city, taking advantage of the available free spaces. The case study chosen is Bogotá due to the magnitude of the phenomenon of residential enclaves in the urban fabric. In 2018 the city had 3,500 closed complexes (De la Carrera, 2014) that housed 38% of urban households (Kostenwein, 2020)
Conectividad entre aportes ecosistémicos y el futuro de nuestra ciudades
Authors: Córdoba Hernández Rafael , Martí Guitera Lucas
Published: July 2022

Diversos estudios recogen la necesidad de que la planificación territorial tenga como prioridad el bienestar y la salud de las personas. Para ello, los servicios ecosistémicos son indispensables pero la urbanística no está evaluando adecuadamente esta potencialidad. La convivencia del planeamiento y estas consideraciones permite identificar suelos que, teniendo un mayor aporte ecosistémico carezcan de una protección adecuada por el planeamiento, permitiendo su antropización y, por ende, haciendo menos resiliente ese territorio y a sus habitantes. Para ello se toma como caso de estudio la Comunidad de Madrid, obteniendo como resultado, una cartografía que identifica y delimita la extensión de diferentes ecosistemas mediante la integración espacial de datos cualitativos sobre la cobertura terrestre y sus características ambientales, y busca su mayor preservación, evaluando su estado analizando las principales presiones y vínculos entre sus condiciones, calidad y biodiversidad, y cómo afecta a la capacidad del ecosistema para proporcionar sus servicios.

Some studies include the need for territorial planning to prioritize people's well-being and health. Thus, ecosystem services are essential but urban planning is not adequately evaluating this potential. The coexistence of planning and these considerations allows identifying the land that, having a greater ecosystem contribution, lack adequate protection by planning. This allow their anthropization and, therefore, making that territory and its inhabitants less resilient. The Community of Madrid is taken as a study case, obtaining a cartography that identifies and delimits the different ecosystems. This is possible thanks to the spatial integration of qualitative data on land cover and its environmental characteristics. With this study seeks its greater preservation, evaluating its state by analyzing the main pressures and links between its conditions, quality, and biodiversity, and how it affects the ability of the ecosystem to provide its services.
Planeación urbana y espacio público en los sistemas de transporte: el espacio público planeado y construido en los corredores de Transmilenio en Bogotá
Authors: Tagua Rodríguez Jonathan
Published: July 2022

For Bogotá, Transmilenio changed the image of the city and the way of transportation for its inhabitants; however, neither the quantity nor the quality of public space is commensurate. In this sense, the document analyzes the urban planning guidelines for the generation of public space associated with mass transit systems, based on what is set forth in public policy documents, and how these are concretized at the local pedestrian scale through the platform booklet, which is the document that condenses the design and implementation criteria, and is in turn, the common point of the public space and mobility master plans. The document explores the correspondences and tensions between these plans that account for the disarticulation of the urban physical space and reinforce the idea of prioritizing the transportation system over the pedestrian.

 

Keywords: Public space, Urban planning, Public policies, Mass transportation.

Topic: 3. Public space and urban project in the contemporary metropolis.

Para Bogotá, Transmilenio cambió la imagen de la ciudad, y la forma de transportarse a sus habitantes; sin embargo, ni la cantidad ni la calidad del espacio público es acorde. En este sentido, se analiza las directrices de la planeación urbana para la generación del espacio público asociado a los sistemas de transporte masivo, a partir de lo expuesto en los documentos de política pública, y como estas se concretan en la escala local del peatón a través de la Cartilla de Andenes, que es el documento que condensa los criterios de diseño e implementación, y es a su vez, punto en común de los planes maestros de espacio público y movilidad. En el documento se exploran las correspondencias y tensiones entre estos planes que dan cuenta de la desarticulación del espacio físico urbano y refuerzan la idea de la priorización del sistema de transporte sobre el peatón.

 

Palabras clave: Espacio público, Planeación urbana, Políticas públicas, Transporte masivo.

Bloque temático: 3. Espacio público y proyecto urbano en la metrópolis contemporánea
La industria petroquímica y la ciudad: el desarrollo urbano de la ciudad intermedia de Barrancabermeja entre 1951 y 1989
Authors: Rueda Guzmán Giovanny Andrés
Published: July 2022

En el llamado “periodo desarrollista” el Estado colombiano fomentó el desarrollo del subsector industrial petroquímico en la ciudad intermedia de Barrancabermeja incidiendo en el crecimiento urbano de esta. Así, este artículo tiene por objetivo comprender cómo se gestionó el desarrollo urbano de esta ciudad en lo que tiene que ver con la producción de infraestructura (vías urbanas, acueducto y alcantarillado) y vivienda social; y cuál fue la incidencia de la industria petroquímica en esta entre 1951 y 1989. Mediante análisis, sistematización y revisión de documentos oficiales se encontró que la aplicación de la política de industrialización incrementó la población de esta ciudad; también se logró identificar que quienes gestionaron el desarrollo urbano de la ciudad, en lo referente a lo descrito anteriormente, fueron actores estatales multiescalares y que además, fueron estos los que lideraron los modelos de gestión que financiaron y llevaron a cabo dichos desarrollos urbanos.

In the called “developmental period”, the Colombian State promoted the development of the petrochemical industrial subsector in the intermediate city of Barrancabermeja, influencing its urban growth. Thus, this article aims to understand: how was managed the urban development of this city regarding the production of infrastructure (urban roads, aqueduct and sewerage) and social housing; and, what was the incidence of the petrochemical industry in this city between 1951 and 1989. Through analysis, systematization and review of official documents it was found that the application of the industrialization policy increased the population of this city; it was also possible to identify that, those who managed the urban development of the city, with respect to what was described above, were multiscale state actors and that, furthermore, it was these who led the management models that financed and executed those urban developments.
La articulación urbana de conjuntos cerrados: estudio de caso en la localidad de Suba en Bogotá D. C., Colombia
Authors: Arango Irene
Published: July 2022

Hoy en día más de un tercio de los hogares de Bogotá vive en conjuntos cerrados. Desde el año 2000, esta es la forma predominante de construcción de vivienda formal en la ciudad. Este nuevo patrón urbano segrega las poblaciones, privatiza la seguridad y transforma negativamente el espacio público. La proliferación del modelo de ciudad de conjuntos cerrados y centros comerciales genera, además, una desarticulación urbana que evidencia un creciente problema de planificación. En este estudio se proponen estrategias para enfrentar esta problemática, a partir de un análisis planimétrico de un área objeto de estudio en la ciudad de Bogotá. El estudio se desarrolla en la localidad de Suba, por ser esta una de las localidades con mayor aglomeración de conjuntos cerrados en la ciudad, lo que la hace un caso ideal para el análisis de la problemática y las propuestas de solución de este fenómeno urbano global.

Nowadays, more than a third of the homes in Bogotá live in gated communities, which is since the year 2000 the predominant form of construction of formal housing in the city. This new urban pattern segregates populations through enclosures, leads to the privatization of security and the transformation of public space. The proliferation of the city model of gated communities and shopping centers generates an urban disarticulation and shows an important planning issue. Therefore, guidelines and strategies for the urban articulation of the gated communities of a city part in Bogotá are proposed, which are based on a planimetrical analysis of the study area. Suba was chosen to carry out the study, because it is one of the localities with the largest agglomeration of gated communities in the city and, therefore, an ideal case study for this global urban phenomenon.
Interpretación de las raíces y consolidación de un urbanismo tecnocrático: Bogotá 1940 – 2000: urbanismo general para la ciudad y políticas de patrimonio urbano
Authors: Vejarano Alvarado María Clara
Published: July 2022

La investigación sostiene que durante las décadas de estudio desde 1940, la administración pública de Bogotá adoptó una sucesión ininterrumpida de planes de urbanismo y de conservación del patrimonio urbano, que desarrollaron diversas modalidades de una única vertiente de pensamiento, el urbanismo tecnocrático y conservador. Interesó identificar los orígenes, caracterizar, evaluar y discutir la evolución y modalidades adoptadas por esta vertiente del urbanismo en Bogotá, en dos ámbitos espaciales, el sector antiguo y la ciudad como un todo. Específicamente se propuso discutir dos tipos de relación entre estos territorios de la ciudad: el primero, en el que predomina una notable diferenciación entre el sector antiguo y el resto del área urbana, como si fueran realidades ajenas a pesar de tener vínculos esenciales; el segundo, caracterizado por relaciones de funcionalidad entre los dos ámbitos, particularmente en términos del beneficio para el mercado inmobiliario especulativo. El presente texto discute alrededor de las políticas de patrimonio y de planeación urbana durante las décadas de los años 1970 y 1980 a partir del contexto expresado.

The research maintains that during the decades of study since 1940, Bogotá’s public administration adopted an uninterrupted succession of urban planning and urban heritage conservation plans which developed various modalities of a single line of thought, a technocratic and conservative urbanism. Identifying the origins, characterizing, evaluating and discussing the evolution and modalities adopted by this current of urbanism in Bogotá, in two spatial areas, the old sector and the city as a whole, became of interest. Specifically, to discuss two types of relationship between these territories of the city was proposed: the first, in which a notable differentiation between the old sector and the rest of the urban area predominates, as if they were foreign realities despite having essential links; the second, characterized by functional relationships between the two areas, particularly in terms of the benefit for the speculative real estate market. This text discusses heritage and urban planning policies during the decades of the 1970s and 1980s, based on the expressed context.