bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The early outcome of primary anterior sagittal approach for low anorectal malformations in female patients
Authors: Zamir Naima , Rasool Naima
Published: February 2020

Objective: To document our experience of the primary anterior sagittal anorectoplasty (ASARP) in female patients with lower and wide fistula in term of the early post operative outcome.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in one surgical unit of the National Institute of Child Health Karachi, from January 2010 to April 2018. The study included female patients with diagnosis of imperforate anus with wide Vestibular or Perineal fistula with minimal or no straining during defecation and no excoriation of perineum. All patients underwent primary ASARP. Data regarding the age of the patients, site of fistula, the difficulties in dissection, post operative complications, stoma and re-do ASARP needed, were documented. Wound assessment was done during hospital stay, at two weeks and then at three months after surgery. Outcome was documented in terms of complications of surgery and cosmetic appearance of perineum. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 20.

Results: A total of 70 patients underwent primary surgery, 48(68.57%) females had perineal fistula while 22(31.42%) had vestibular fistula. Age ranges between three months to 276 months with median of 6±39.73 months. No major injury to the rectal or vaginal wall occurred during surgical procedure. In early post-operative period, 12(17.14%) patients had wound infection with or without various extent of disruption. A total of seven (10.11%) patients underwent stoma formation, six (8.57%) patients because of wound disruption with in a week of primary surgery and in one patient due to severe anal stenosis and retraction of anal segment within three month follow up. Median hospital stay was 5±1.52 days. In 38(54.28%) paients complete wound healing occurred with no per or post operative complications. In 25(35.71%) patients, minor complications were noted and treated accordingly and results were labelled satisfactory with acceptable perineal appearance.

Conclusion: The single stage procedure can be a good choice for both vestibular and perineal fisula. In majority of cases wound heals completely with minimal or no scaring and give good cosmetic results.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1503

How to cite this:Zamir N, Rasool N. The early outcome of primary anterior sagittal approach for low anorectal malformations in female patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):456-460. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1503

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Nuclear form factors and closure approximation in the study of the (μ-,e-) conversion in nuclei
Authors: Kosmas T. S. , Vergados J. D.
Published: February 2020

The methods of studying the exotic (μ-,e-) conversion in nuclei are discussed. For the coherent process the dependence of the rate on the nuclear parameters is obtained by using shell model nuclear form factors. For the noncoher­ent processes the relevant matrix elements are calculated in the framework of the closure approximation. Finally the fraction of the transition rate of the coherent process throughout the periodic table is calculated.
Diversity of left-right symmetry breaking strategy in animals
Authors: Hamada Hiroshi , Tam Patrick
Published: February 2020

Left-right (L-R) asymmetry of visceral organs in animals is established during embryonic development via a stepwise process. While some steps are conserved, different strategies are employed among animals for initiating the breaking of body symmetry. In zebrafish (teleost), Xenopus (amphibian), and mice (mammal), symmetry breaking is elicited by directional fluid flow at the L-R organizer, which is generated by motile cilia and sensed by mechanoresponsive cells. In contrast, birds and reptiles do not rely on the cilia-driven fluid flow. Invertebrates such as Drosophila and snails employ another distinct mechanism, where the symmetry breaking process is underpinned by cellular chirality acquired downstream of the molecular interaction of myosin and actin. Here, we highlight the convergent entry point of actomyosin interaction and planar cell polarity to the diverse L-R symmetry breaking mechanisms among animals.
Case Report: Combined nonsurgical and surgical therapy of dens invaginatus of a microdontic maxillary lateral incisor
Authors: Koyess Edmond
Published: February 2020

This report describes the management of an uncommon case of dens invaginatus of a microdontic upper lateral incisor, with an extended apical lesion. Dens invaginatus is a developmental abnormality of a tooth where enamel and dentin fold into the pulpal space. This abnormal anatomy, and the separation of two distinct root canal spaces, complicates conventional treatment, making the apical portion inaccessible to instrumentation and impeding disinfection of the canal space. The coexistence of dens invaginatus affecting a microdontic tooth is a rare anomaly found in the literature. This case report describes a young female patient with dens invaginatus affecting a microdontic maxillary lateral incisor, combined with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis. The conventional treatment was completed first to disinfect the coronal portion of the accessible pulpal space. At a subsequent appointment, it was completed by a surgical approach to cleanse and seal the apical part of the root canal space. The tooth was then restored, and the orthodontic treatment was initiated. One-year follow-up demonstrated a complete healing of the apical lesion.
The Trend of Reduced Chinese Investments in the Belt and Road Initiative: Spending Contentions and Preparations for an Upcoming Financial Crisis
Authors: Spellmann Samuel , Cunha Leite Alexandre César
Published: February 2020

Este artículo busca establecer explicaciones para el cambio en el patrón de inversiones presentado en el flujo de inversión directa no financiera (IED) de China en la Nueva Ruta de la Seda (NRS). En primer lugar, la reducción de las inversiones en nrs se verifica a través del análisis del Statistical Bulletin of China’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment entre los años 2013 y 2016. Después, al tratar de explicar la reducción del flujo de ied no financiera de China a nrs, este artículo analiza dos hipótesis. Primero, retrata las medidas actuales de control del gasto público de China, que abordan el crecimiento del exceso de capacidad del país, mientras discute las similitudes entre la economía china y la crisis japonesa de principios de la década de 1990. Posteriormente, contempla la posibilidad de que los preparativos realizados por las autoridades chinas se contrarresten por la inestabilidad anticipada de los mercados mundiales. La confluencia de estos factores ayuda a explicar la reducción del flujo no financiero de ied a nrs, que contrasta con la tendencia contemporánea hacia la inversión china en el mundo durante el mismo período.
Detecting chronic liver disease: are liver function tests the solution?
Authors: Thiagarajan Prarthana , Chalmers Jane , Guha Indra N , James Martin W
Published: February 2020

By 2020, chronic liver disease will have eclipsed ischaemic heart disease as the leading cause of working life years lost in the UK. As mortality from chronic liver disease continues to rise, the landscape of aetiology has shifted from infectious to non-communicable causes. In parallel with the growing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is estimated to affect 25% of the UK adult population. Simultaneously, escalating alcohol consumption has fuelled public health and economic concerns regarding its widespread impact on working-age adults. Given that chronic liver disease remains clinically silent until its advanced stages, there is an urgent unmet need to identify affected individuals earlier in the disease process, enabling targeted intervention strategies which may improve prognosis. Robust epidemiological data have shown that liver fibrosis is the strongest predictor of clinically meaningful outcomes, including decompensation, liver cancer and overall mortality. Detecting fibrosis among at-risk individuals, in a manner that is reproducible, non-invasive, safe and cost effective, has become a major challenge of our time. This article addresses the pitfalls of the standard panel of liver function tests, discusses other non-invasive biomarkers and reviews imaging technologies which may revolutionise community-based diagnosis and stratification of chronic liver disease.
Attitudes toward Computer, Computer Anxiety and Gender as determinants of Pre-service Science, Technology and Mathematics Teachers’ Computer Self-efficacy
Authors: Awofala Adeneye Olarewaju , Olabiyi Oladiran Stephen , Awofala Awoyemi Abayomi , Arigbabu Abayomi A , Fatade Alfred O , Udeani Uchenna Nkiruka
Published: February 2020

The study investigated attitudes towards computer and computer anxiety as determinants of computer self-efficacy among 2100 pre-service science, technology and mathematics (STM) teachers from the University of Lagos of Nigeria using the quantitative research method within the blueprint of the descriptive survey design. Data collected were analysed using the descriptive statistics of percentages, mean, and standard deviation and inferential statistics of independent samples t-test, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Finding revealed significant correlations between computer attitudes, computer anxiety and computer self-efficacy. Gender differences in attitude toward computer, computer self-efficacy and computer anxiety among pre-service STM teachers were significant. Affective component, perceived control component, and perceived usefulness component, behavioural intention component, gender, and computer anxiety made statistically significant contributions to the variance in pre-service STM teachers’ computer self-efficacy. The study recommended among others that academic institutions should pay more attention to this computer anxiety and adopt proper ways of reducing the computer anxiety, so that positive e-learning experiences can be created for pre-service STM teachers.
Application of holographic interferometry in the analysis of stress states in a crack root area
Authors: Frankovský Peter , Brodnianská Zuzana , Bocko Jozef , Trebuňová Marianna , Kostka Ján , Kicko Michal , Čarák Peter
Published: February 2020

This paper deals with the visualization and analysis of interaction of
a cutting wedge disintegrator with plastic at low loads. For
exploratory research, a contactless optical holographic interferometry
method was used, allowing a comprehensive picture of the stress state
when opening microcracks. An experimental model was set up for the
purposes of the research. The structure of the model as well as its
geometric parameters had to comply with the applied optical method.
The method of holographic interferometry enabled us to record even the
initial stages of the crack. Pictures of holographic interferograms
allowed us to observe stress fields on the cutting wedge as well as on
the loaded body in the form of interference fringes. In order to
record the interferograms, we used the method of two exposures so that
we gained double-exposure interferograms, which represent the state of
the object during the second exposure. The first exposure was caused
by superposition of object-related and reference wave after the object
was subjected to a load; the second exposure occurred after the load
was removed. We used quantitative analysis to determine stress
intensity coefficients from holographic interferograms as followed by
the calculation of stresses with respect to axes

x

and

y

. The analysis was done for loading
forces 1.57 N and 3.14 N. As the load applied to the cutting material
was increasing, the density of interference fringes was increasing,
too.
Hybrid calibration procedure for fringe projection profilometry based on stereo vision and polynomial fitting
Authors: Vargas Raúl , Marrugo Andres G. , Zhang Song , Romero Lenny A.
Published: February 2020

The key to accurate 3D shape measurement in fringe projection profilometry (FPP) is the proper calibration of the measurement system. Current calibration techniques rely on phase-coordinate mapping (PCM) or back-projection stereo vision (SV) methods. PCM methods are cumbersome to implement as they require precise positioning of the calibration target relative to the FPP system, but they produce highly accurate measurements within the calibration volume. SV methods generally do not achieve the same accuracy level. However, the calibration is more flexible in that the calibration target can be arbitrarily positioned. In this work, we propose a hybrid calibration method that leverages the SV calibration approach using a PCM method to achieve higher accuracy. The method has the flexibility of SV methods, is robust to lens distortions, and has a simple relation between the recovered phase and the metric coordinates. Experimental results show that the proposed hybrid method outperforms the SV method in terms of accuracy and reconstruction time due to its low computational complexity.
Parameterized optical properties of InxAl1-xP alloys
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Tung , Kim Tae Jung , Park Han Gyeol , Le Van Long , Nguyen Xuan Au , Kim Young Dong
Published: February 2020

We report values of parametric-model (PM) parameters that can be used to obtain dielectric functions (refractive indices) from 1.5 to 6.0 eV for

I
n

x

A
l

1
−
x

P

alloys of arbitrary compositions

x

. Using reported pseudo-dielectric data for several In compositions, we extract their dielectric functions by multilayer calculations, then parameterize them with PM lineshapes that well describe the asymmetric nature of their critical point (CP) contributions. We follow the

E
0

fundamental bandgap as a function of

x

, and determine the composition of the indirect-to-direct crossover.
Superresolution quantitative imaging based on superoscillatory field
Authors: Yin Fan , Chen Chang , Chen Weidong , Qiao Wen , Guan Jian
Published: February 2020

The superresolution imaging of high-contrast objects is of great interest to many researchers. We propose a new method to achieve superresolution in inverse-scattering imaging of high-contrast dielectric objects. In the scheme of nonlinear inverse scattering, spatial superoscillatory incident fields are designed and applied in this research in order to retain the high-spatial-frequency components of the objects. The reconstruction results show that the proposed method resolves two objects with spacing 0.13λ. Compared with the orbital angular momentum (OAM)-carrying fields that compose a typical superoscillatory wave, the designed waveform is capable of achieving superresolution over the entire region of interest (ROI), while OAM possesses a limited superresolution area near the center of the ROI, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Digital laser for on-demand intracavity selective excitation of second harmonic higher-order modes
Authors: Bell Teboho , Kgomo Mosima , Ngcobo Sandile
Published: February 2020

In this article, we demonstrate selective excitation of second harmonic higher-order modes inside a diode end-pumped solid-state laser resonator that comprises of a nonlinear potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) crystal and a digitally addressed holographic end-mirror in a form of a reflective phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM). The emitted second harmonic higher-order modes at 532 nm are generated by an intracavity nonlinear KTP crystal that is pumped by high-order fundamental modes operating at 1064 nm. The fundamental modes are digitally controlled by displaying a computer-generated hologram in the form of a grey-scale image to the SLM screen for on-demand high-order modes. The phase matching of the fundamental mode to the generated frequency-doubled mode is achieved by controlling the phase of the digital hologram to either achieve a high or quasi-degree of orbital angular momentum conservation. We show that we can intracavity generate frequency-doubled high-order Laguerre-Gaussian modes and Hermit-Gaussian modes that are either quasi or fully reproducible in the far-field. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first laser to generate frequency-doubled on-demand higher-order modes inside the cavity at the visible (green) wavelength of 532 nm.
Individually resolved luminescence from closely stacked GaN/AlN quantum wells
Authors: Sheng Bowen , Schmidt Gordon , Bertram Frank , Veit Peter , Wang Yixin , Wang Tao , Rong Xin , Chen Zhaoying , Wang Ping , Bläsing Jürgen , Miyake Hideto , Li Hongwei , Guo Shiping , Qin Zhixin , Strittmatter André , Shen Bo , Christen Jürgen , Wang Xinqiang
Published: February 2020

Investigating closely stacked GaN/AlN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) by means of cathodoluminescence spectroscopy directly performed in a scanning transmission electron microscope, we have reached an ultimate spatial resolution of

σ

CL

=
1.8
  
nm

. The pseudomorphically grown MQWs with high interface quality emit in the deep ultraviolet spectral range. Demonstrating the capability of resolving the 10.8 nm separated, ultra-thin quantum wells, a cathodoluminescence profile was taken across individual ones. Applying a diffusion model of excitons generated by a Gaussian-broadened electron probe, the spatial resolution of cathodoluminescence down to the free exciton Bohr radius scale has been determined.
Out of bounds: The spatial politics of civility in The Square (Östlund, 2017) and Happy End (Haneke, 2017)
Authors: Ezra Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

Ruben Östlund's The Square and Michael Haneke's Happy End, both released in 2017, skirt around the edges of immigration in Europe. Both address the question of who belongs and who does not in terms of boundaries – not only the boundaries that determine where one country ends and another begins but also (and especially) those that determine who is a member of civil society. These films explore how the bounds of what is considered appropriate are breached in specific spatial contexts, questioning the meaning of 'civility' in both a social and a political sense, and prompting us to contemplate the various meanings of hospitality.
The Penning Discharge Experimental Study and Its Simulation
Authors: Mamedov N. V. , Schitov N. N. , Lobok M. G. , Kanshin I. A.
Published: February 2020

The influence of the demountable Penning ion source electrodes geometry on the discharge characteristics and extracted ion current is investigated. The extracted currents, ignition potentials and the operational pressure ranges are compared at different anode heights and its arrangement relative to the discharge cell. The use of ring and mesh anodes has allowed to visualize the discharge burning areas and their structure versus the pressure, anode potential and cell geometry. Some PIC simulations of Penning discharge are made in the Vorpal code. The good correspondence between the simulated electron density and plasma glow areas on the photos is shown. The other one-particle simulation has shown that the magnetic field nonuniformity significantly affects the ignition and combustion discharge potentials.
A.M.B.R.O.S.I.A
Authors: Goldstein Jonathan , Abdelhamid Ahmed , Barnett Mike , Burckhardt Sebastian , Chandramouli Badrish , Gehring Darren , Lebeck Niel , Meiklejohn Christopher , Minhas Umar Farooq , Newton Ryan , Peshawaria Rahee Ghosh , Zaccai Tal , Zhang Irene
Published: February 2020

When writing today's distributed programs, which frequently span both devices and cloud services, programmers are faced with complex decisions and coding tasks around coping with failure, especially when these distributed components are stateful. If their application can be cast as pure data processing, they benefit from the past 40--50 years of work from the database community, which has shown how declarative database systems can completely isolate the developer from the possibility of failure in a performant manner. Unfortunately, while there have been some attempts at bringing similar functionality into the more general distributed programming space, a compelling general-purpose system must handle non-determinism, be performant, support a variety of machine types with varying resiliency goals, and be language agnostic, allowing distributed components written in different languages to communicate. This paper introduces Ambrosia, the first system to satisfy all these requirements. We coin the term "virtual resiliency", analogous to virtual memory, for the platform feature which allows failure oblivious code to run in a failure resilient manner. We also introduce novel programming language constructs for resiliently handling non-determinism. Of further interest is the effective reapplication of much database performance optimization technology to make Ambrosia more performant than many of today's non-resilient cloud solutions.
Efficient shortest path index maintenance on dynamic road networks with theoretical guarantees
Authors: Ouyang Dian , Yuan Long , Qin Lu , Chang Lijun , Zhang Ying , Lin Xuemin
Published: February 2020

Computing the shortest path between two vertices is a fundamental problem in road networks that is applied in a wide variety of applications. To support efficient shortest path query processing, a plethora of index-based methods have been proposed in the literature, but few of them can support dynamic road networks commonly encountered in practice, as their corresponding index structures cannot be efficiently maintained when the input road network is dynamically updated. Motivated by this, we study the shortest path index maintenance problem on dynamic road networks in this paper. We adopt Contraction Hierarchies (CH) as our underlying shortest path computation method because of its outstanding overall performance in pre-processing time, space cost, and query processing time and aim to design efficient algorithms to maintain the index structure,
shortcut index
, of CH when the input road network is dynamically updated. To achieve this goal, we propose a shortcut-centric paradigm focusing on exploring a small number of shortcuts to maintain the
shortcut index.
Following this paradigm, we design an auxiliary data structure named SS-Graph and propose a shortcut weight propagation mechanism based on the SS-Graph. With them, we devise efficient algorithms to maintain the
shortcut index
in the streaming update and batch update scenarios with non-trivial theoretical guarantees. We experimentally evaluate our algorithms on real road networks and the results demonstrate that our approach achieves 2--3 orders of magnitude speedup compared to the state-of-the-art algorithm for the streaming update.
Hunting multiple bumps in graphs
Authors: Sun Yahui , Luo Jun , Lappas Theodoros , Xiao Xiaokui , Cui Bin
Published: February 2020

Bump hunting is an important approach to the extraction of insights from Euclidean datasets. Recently, it has been explored for graph datasets for the first time, and a single bump is hunted in an unweighted graph in this exploration. Here, we extend this exploration by hunting multiple bumps in a weighted graph. Given a weighted graph and a set of
query
nodes exhibiting a property of interest, our objective is to find
k
non-overlapping and connected subgraphs, i.e., bumps, in which the discrepancy between the numbers of query and non-query nodes is maximized and the sum of edge costs is minimized simultaneously.

We prove that our extended bump hunting problem can be transformed to a recently formulated Prize-Collecting Steiner Forest Problem (PCSFP). We further prove that PCSFP is NP-hard even in trees. Then, we propose a fast approximation algorithm for solving PCSFP in trees. Based on this algorithm, we improve the state-of-the-art approximation algorithm for solving PCSFP in graphs, and prove that the solutions of our improvement are always better than or equal to those of the state-of-the-art algorithm. Moreover, we adapt the existing bump hunting algorithms for solving our extended bump hunting problem.

We evaluate our methodology via real datasets, and show that 1) our improvement scales well to large graphs, while producing solutions that dominate those of the state-of-the-art algorithm; and 2) our adaptation of an existing bump hunting algorithm can also produce solutions that are better than those of the state-of-the-art algorithm in some cases.
Dynamic speculative optimizations for SQL compilation in Apache Spark
Authors: Schiavio Filippo , Bonetta Daniele , Binder Walter
Published: February 2020

Big-data systems have gained significant momentum, and Apache Spark is becoming a de-facto standard for modern data analytics. Spark relies on SQL query compilation to optimize the execution performance of analytical workloads on a variety of data sources. Despite its scalable architecture, Spark's SQL code generation suffers from significant runtime overheads related to data access and de-serialization. Such performance penalty can be significant, especially when applications operate on human-readable data formats such as CSV or JSON.

In this paper we present a new approach to query compilation that overcomes these limitations by relying on run-time profiling and dynamic code generation. Our new SQL compiler for Spark produces highly-efficient machine code, leading to speedups of up to 4.4x on the TPC-H benchmark with textual-form data formats such as CSV or JSON.
From TOM to the TIM23 complex – handing over of a precursor
Authors: Callegari Sylvie , Cruz-Zaragoza Luis Daniel , Rehling Peter
Published: February 2020

Mitochondrial precursor proteins with amino-terminal presequences are imported via the presequence pathway, utilizing the TIM23 complex for inner membrane translocation. Initially, the precursors pass the outer membrane through the TOM complex and are handed over to the TIM23 complex where they are sorted into the inner membrane or translocated into the matrix. This handover process depends on the receptor proteins at the inner membrane, Tim50 and Tim23, which are critical for efficient import. In this review, we summarize key findings that shaped the current concepts of protein translocation along the presequence import pathway, with a particular focus on the precursor handover process from TOM to the TIM23 complex. In addition, we discuss functions of the human TIM23 pathway and the recently uncovered pathogenic mutations in TIM50.
Polyphenol content and bioactivity of Achillea moschata from the Italian and Swiss Alps
Authors: Argentieri Maria Pia , Madeo Moira , Avato Pinarosa , Iriti Marcello , Vitalini Sara
Published: February 2020

Achillea moschata Wulfen, which grows in the Alps, is extensively used by local people for its medicinal properties. Two studied samples were collected, at the flowering stage, in Val Mustair (Switzerland) and Valchiavenna (Italy), respectively. The aerial parts were defatted with petroleum ether (PET) and successively extracted with dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH). High-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analyses of the methanolic extracts evidenced that flavonoids were the predominant compounds compared to phenolic acids in both samples (89.5 vs. 33.0 μg/mg DW in A. moschata Valchiavenna and 82.5 vs. 40.0 μg/mg DW in A. moschata Val Mustair). Among flavonoid derivatives, luteolin and apigenin were the predominant aglycones, free and glycosilated. The A. moschata Valchiavenna extract was characterized by apigenin as the main compound (60.4 μg/mg DW), while A. moschata Val Mustair was characterized by its derivative apigenin 7-O-glucoside (44.7 μg/mg DW). The antioxidant activity of all the obtained extracts was tested by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-picryl hydrazyl) and ABTS (2,21-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) methods, which showed their increasing scavenger capacity in relation to extract polarity (PET extract < DCM extract < MeOH extract). The extracts were also investigated against three Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus) and three Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacterial species using the disc diffusion assay. DMC and PET were the most active extracts (inhibition diameter: ≥12 mm).
Recoupling Economic and Social Prosperity
Authors: Lima de Miranda Katharina , Snower Dennis J.
Published: February 2020

This paper explores a new theoretical and empirical approach to the assessment of human well-being, relevant to current challenges of social fragmentation in the presence of globalization and technological advance. We present two indexes of well-being—solidarity (S) and agency (A)—to be considered alongside the standard indexes of material gain (G) and environmental sustainability (E). The four indexes—SAGE—form a balanced dashboard for evaluating well-being. The solidarity index covers the needs of humans as social creatures, living in societies that generate a sense of social belonging. The agency index involves people’s need to influence their fate through their own efforts. While “economic prosperity” (material gain) is conventionally measured through GDP per capita, “social prosperity” can be measured through our solidarity and agency indexes, alongside environmental sustainability that is measured through the Environmental Performance Index. The SAGE dashboard is meant to provide a “sage” approach to assessing well-being, since it aims to denote sagacity in the pursuit and satisfaction of fundamental human needs and purposes. Many of the prominent challenges of the 21st century, including the dissatisfaction of population groups who feel left behind by globalization and technological advance, may be viewed in terms of a “decoupling” of economic prosperity from social prosperity. We present a theoretical model that provides a new perspective on the welfare effects of globalization and automation. The dashboard is meant to provide an empirical basis for mobilizing action in government, business, and civil society to promote a recoupling of economic and social prosperity.
let-7-Complex MicroRNAs Regulate Broad-Z3, Which Together with Chinmo Maintains Adult Lineage Neurons in an Immature State
Authors: Wu Yen-Chi , Chawla Geetanjali , Sokol Nicholas
Published: February 2020

During Drosophila melanogaster metamorphosis, arrested immature neurons born during larval development differentiate into their functional adult form. This differentiation coincides with the downregulation of two zinc-finger transcription factors, Chronologically Inappropriate Morphogenesis (Chinmo) and the Z3 isoform of Broad (Br-Z3). Here, we show that br-Z3 is regulated by two microRNAs, let-7 and miR-125, that are activated at the larval-to-pupal transition and are known to also regulate chinmo. The br-Z3 3′UTR contains functional binding sites for both let-7 and miR-125 that confers sensitivity to both of these microRNAs, as determined by deletion analysis in reporter assays. Forced expression of let-7 and miR-125 miRNAs leads to early silencing of Br-Z3 and Chinmo and is associated with inappropriate neuronal sprouting and outgrowth. Similar phenotypes were observed by the combined but not separate depletion of br-Z3 and chinmo. Because persistent Br-Z3 was not detected in let-7-C mutants, this work suggests a model in which let-7 and miR-125 activation at the onset of metamorphosis may act as a failsafe mechanism that ensures the coordinated silencing of both br-Z3 and chinmo needed for the timely outgrowth of neurons arrested during larval development. The let-7 and miR-125 binding site sequences are conserved across Drosophila species and possibly other insects as well, suggesting that this functional relationship is evolutionarily conserved.
A gyógyszer okozta állcsontnekrózis prognózisát befolyásoló faktorok
Authors: Szentpéteri Szófia , Restár László , Németh Zsolt , Vaszilkó Mihály
Published: February 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: A gyógyszer okozta állcsontnekrózis (MRONJ)
prognózisában szerepet játszó lehetséges rizikófaktorok – az egyes faktorok
esetében kapott eltérő eredmények miatt – továbbra is kutatások tárgyát képezik.
Célkitűzés: Munkánk során a MRONJ prognózisában szerepet
játszó lehetséges rizikófaktorokat vizsgáltuk. Módszer:
Kutatásunkba a Semmelweis Egyetem Fogorvostudományi Karának Arc-, Állcsont-,
Szájsebészeti és Fogászati Klinikáján 2006 júniusa és 2013 novembere közötti
időszakban MRONJ miatt sebészi terápiával kezelt pácienseket vontuk be, minden
egyéb beválogatási kritérium nélkül. A megbetegedés prognózisát a
stádiumjavulás, a gyógyulás és a relapsusráta alapján vizsgáltuk. Az
utánkövetési idő minden beteg esetében minimum 5 év volt. Statisztikai
analízis: Eredményeink kiértékelését a Fisher-féle egzakt teszt, a
Mann–Whitney-teszt, a Kruskal–Wallis-próba és a khi-négyzet-teszt segítségével
végeztük. Szignifikáns eredménynek fogadtuk el, ha a p<0,05 volt. A
kiértékeléshez az SPSS Statistics 22.0 programot használtuk.
Eredmények: Az első találkozáskor rögzített stádium
szignifikánsan rontotta a megbetegedés prognózisát (p = 0,009). A diabetes
mellitusban szenvedő betegek relapsusrátája a cukorbetegséggel nem
rendelkezőkhöz viszonyítva szignifikánsan magasabb (p = 0,050). A relapsusráta
tekintetében az ösztrogénellenes terápiában részesült betegek és a
hormonkezelést nem kapott betegek közötti összefüggés szignifikáns (p = 0,036).
A mandibulán kialakult nekrózisok prognózisa szignifikánsan rosszabb (p =
0,003), mintha a maxillában alakultak volna ki. Vizsgálati eredményeink a nem,
az életkor, a biszfoszfonát adagolási formája, a nekrózist megelőző invazív
szájüregi beavatkozások, valamint a kemoterápiás és szteroidkezelés esetében nem
mutattak statisztikailag igazolható összefüggést a megbetegedés prognózisával.
Következtetés: A kutatásunk során vizsgált tényezők közül a
MRONJ prognózisát a diagnosztizáláskor észlelt stádium, az állcsont-lokalizáció,
a kísérő betegségként fennálló diabetes mellitus, a biszfoszfonátterápia mellett
alkalmazott ösztrogénellenes terápia befolyásolja. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(8):
283–289.
Collection Development Trip to Moscow, Tallinn, Riga, and Vilnius, May 3–23, 2013
Authors: Raber Ericka Arvidson
Published: February 2020

The author traveled to Moscow, Tallinn, Riga, and Vilnius in May 2013. The primary purpose of the trip was to acquire materials written by former participants in the University of Iowa’s (UI) International Writing Program (IWP). The UI Libraries has an approval plan for works written by IWP authors from selected countries, including those she visited, but this trip was an opportunity to locate harder to identify materials and to learn from the writers themselves about their current projects.
Frozen Tissue Nuclei Extraction (for 10xV3 snSEQ) v1
Authors: Martin Carly
Published: February 2020

Protocol for extraction of nuclei from frozen tissue in preparation for single-nuclei sequencing (droplet-based/10X). This protocol is based strongly on a similar extraction protocol from the McCarroll lab.
O uso da tecnologia como facilitadora para resolução de atividades extraclasse
Authors: Maciel Wilma Lima , Lima Conceição Maria Dias de
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: Em relação ao uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC’s) no espaço educacional, há uma longa história cultural e educativa que precisa ser pesquisada com mais atenção, interpretada, respeitada e valorizada pelos programas de formação de educadores, pelos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação, pelas agências de pesquisa, pelos formadores de política, currículos e material didático. O estudo aponta a importância de um olhar sobre o presente fenômeno educativo, considerando que a educação deve contemplar os anseios da humanidade pelo acesso à escola e por vida digna e justiça social. O procedimento metodológico compreende um estudo de caso, realizado na Escola Municipal Professora Virgília Bezerra de Lima, no município de Delmiro Gouveia – AL. A pesquisa baseou-se em um trabalho de coleta de dados, através de um questionário direcionado aos estudantes. Na busca de amarrar essas questões mais profundamente, alguns autores foram prioritários, como: LOBO NETO, (2006); entre outros. A pesquisa objetiva conhecer como está sendo desenvolvido o uso da tecnologia como instrumento para resolução de atividades extraclasse nessa escola, procurando compreender qual o papel das TIC’s na educação fundamental e analisando quais às perspectivas para a aprendizagem mediada pelas tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação. Como sugestões de novos estudos verifica-se a necessidade de um melhor aprofundamento sobre o uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação no espaço escolar, o processo avaliativo e a metodologia em atividades extraclasse.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Espaço educacional, Tecnologia da Informação e da Comunicação, estudo.
Território da comunidade travesti no centro de Teresina-PI
Authors: Araújo Thiago Emanoel Vasconcelos de , Vieira Mariana Costa
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: O debate sobre o território foi retomado com a grande importância que de fato merece e se caracteriza como objetivo de estudo da Geografia. Para a ciência geográfica o tema território vem se destacando não pelo seu significado, mas pela sua relevância com o meio de convivência para os seres humanos, além de ser relevante à identificação dos territórios das diferentes comunidades. O território não está ligado somente ao poder politico, está ligado também a poder simbólico de apropriação. A prostituição é um ato social da minoria excluída perante a sociedade, sem oportunidade. As travestis ao entardecer são vistas nas ruas do centro de Teresina para mais uma noite de trabalho, e é fácil identificar os espaços construídos pelas mesmas ao longo dos anos. Qual a importância e quais os reais motivos levaram essas profissionais a escolherem esses territórios?

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Território, Prostituição, Travestis.
Cortes de carne, um estudo de caso preliminar em Alagoas (Brasil), com nova abordagem
Authors: Lages André Maia Gomes , Santos Jonathan de França , Jesus Evelly Vitória Oliveira de , Silva Fabiano Lucas da , Dias Kennyo Douglas Pedrosa , Camilo Vitória Leandra Santos
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: Esse trabalho tem o objetivo de averiguar os cortes do boi e seus respectivos preços, fazendo uma divisão entre cortes do lado dianteiro e cortes do lado traseiro do animal. Existem diferenças significativas entre essas partes e no conjunto separado delas. O consumidor vive distante dessa realidade e não tem noção dessa diferença. O caráter do trabalho é, portanto, descritivo e informativo. O ensaio utiliza dados primários com estatística descritiva e uma amostra por conveniência, assim não probabilística.  Os resultados garantem um preço maior para os cortes de primeira e uma variância maior. Resultados explicados ao longo do texto, acima como menção aos cortes traseiros e dianteiros.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:  Bovino, Economia Agropecuária, Preços.
Geografia e educação: a música como metodologia no ensino da Geografia
Authors: Gonzaga Soraya Oliveira , Delmiro Klévia Lima , Silva Claudionor de Oliveira
Published: February 2020

O objetivo é demonstrar como a música contribui para criar estratégias de aprendizagem dos componentes curriculares, principalmente da Geografia para culminar na aprendizagem integral e significativa. Este trabalho tem caráter qualitativo, sendo realizado a partir de revisão bibliográfica, visita técnica exploratória no espaço vivido durante o Estágio Supervisionado IV e relato de experiências. Portanto, a utilização da música como ferramenta de trabalho proporciona ao professor sistematizar sua prática educacional aplicando metodologia que contemple essas orientações, compondo seus planejamentos e planos de aulas seja, na forma de “música para cantar”, “música para tocar”, “música para dançar” ou “música para encenar” dependendo do conteúdo trabalhado e do grau de entendimento dos alunos, além da apresentação de músicas como sugestão para aplicação em sala de aula, para que a resposta dos discentes seja a compreensão da realidade, do seu papel social e político na sociedade para o exercício da cidadania.
Desafios e possibilidades no processo de garantia do currículo escolar específico em escolas indígenas
Authors: Ferreira Lucidayne de Souza , Bezerra Sara Jane Cerqueira
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: A importância de manter a identidade cultural, nos dias atuais, faz aos povos indígenas se desligarem de tantas imposições sofridas desde a invasão e genocídeo no Brasil. Fortalecendo as lutas pela conquista e independência na construção de um currículo específico que irá definir a identidade da comunidade escolar, a partir dos aspectos interculturais predominantes. Nesse âmbito, é evidente que, com o sugirmento da educação em berço ocidental, saibamos da grande importância de seu papel na formação do cidadão e construção de ideologias que movem e que garantem melhorias para a humanidade. A forma como as políticas educacionais assistenciam os povos tradicionais e sua educação diferenciada, que constantemente são reivindicados, visando oportunidades e melhorias na qualidade de educação para a formação cidadã indígena, digna de reconhecimento por suas origens ancestrais. Objetivou-se com a presente pesquisa, de cunho bibliográfico, analisar o direito de se ter um currículo diferenciado na Educação Escolar Indígena, foi realizada entre os meses de junho do ano de 2016 a agosto do ano de 2017. No decorrer da pesquisa, foram realizadas vários estudos e discussões sobre a educação escolar indígena, sobre currículo e o desafio da busca por um currículo específico, abordando as dificuldades e anseios que a educação escolar indígena alagoana vem enfrentando há anos. O aporte teórico usado para refletir sobre o tema em questão foi com base em: Alagoas (2015); Brasil (1988, 1991, 1996, 1998, 2002, 2005, 2014); Bergamaschi (2012); Eyng (2010); Grupioni (2006); Lopes (2008); Malta (2013); Munari (2010) e Vilar (2017). A pesquisa traz como evidências, a necessidade de se garantir um currículo escolar específico às escolas indígenas, visando contribuir para a oferta de uma educação escolar intercultural com contextualização, promovendo um currículo propício a cultura local. Neste sentido, teve como objetivo proporcionar aos índios, suas comunidades e povos, a recuperação de suas memórias históricas e reafirmação de suas identidades étnicas e a valorização de suas línguas e ciências. Esta escola necessita desenvolver um trabalho de forma coletiva em prol da construção de um currículo específico que objetive a melhoria do ensino-aprendizagem, possibilitando aos educadores e educandos uma convivência criativa, humanizada, transformadora, solidária e cultural integrada ao contexto no qual estão inseridos, sem desrespeitar as crenças e práticas culturais dos indígenas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação Escolar Indígena. Identidade cultural. Currículo.
“Las ‘de hoy’ son mujeres ‘sin tipo’”: la identidad de la mujer obrera en la República de Weimar y la Segunda República española a través de La chica de seda Artificial (1932), de Irmgard Keun, y Tea Rooms: mujeres obreras (1934), de Luisa Carnés
Authors: Vives Martínez Mireia
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo explora la situación de la mujer obrera durante la República de Weimar y la Segunda República Española a través de las novelas La chica de seda artificial (1932), de Irmgard Keun, y Tea Rooms: mujeres obreras (1934), de Luisa Carnés. Si bien ambas repúblicas marcan un cambio en las políticas sociales y de género de ambos países, bajo la apariencia de renovación permanecen estructuras tradicionales que impiden una mejora en la situación de la mujer. A través de sus protagonistas, ambas autoras denuncian las dificultades a las que debe hacer frente la mujer trabajadora a lo largo de estos años: aun cuando Doris y Matilde desafían al modelo decimonónico de feminidad, su condición de obreras les imposibilita el acceso a nuevos modelos de identidad. Atendiendo a las condiciones económicas y políticas, así como a las normas morales de la época, estos textos resaltan el determinismo que rige la vida de estas mujeres, condenadas a trabajar dentro del nuevo orden económico sin por ello emanciparse de las estructuras patriarcales de la sociedad ni tener nuevos roles al alcance.
Conectando el modelo Flipped Learning y la teoría de las Inteligencias Múltiples a la luz de la taxonomía de Bloom/Connecting the Flipped Learning model and the Multiple Intelligences Theory considering Bloom’s taxonomy
Authors: Santiago Campión Raúl
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una propuesta teórico-práctica con objeto de analizar el impacto que un adecuado diseño e implementación del modelo de Clase Inversa /Aprendizaje Inverso (Flipped Classroom /Learning) puede tener en el desarrollo de las Inteligencias Múltiples como estrategias de aprendizaje activo y diferenciador en el aula. Para ello, se comienza por definir en qué consiste la clase inversa (también aprendizaje inverso) centrándose en los conceptos de espacio individual y espacio grupal y la importancia de un adecuado diseño metodológico para atender a la diversidad del alumnado en general y sus diferencias en cuanto a Inteligencias Múltiples en particular. En este contexto, se realiza un análisis previo sobre cuál puede ser el mejor espacio de aprendizaje en cada una de las Inteligencias Múltiples identificadas por Gardner, para concluir con una serie de recomendaciones y una propuesta práctica sobre su implementación en el aula a la luz de la taxonomía de Bloom.
Sección Colombia del American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) y proceso de recertificación voluntaria
Authors: Castañeda Jimmy
Published: February 2020

La Federación Colombiana de Asociaciones de Obstetricia y Ginecología (FECOLSOG), ha venido trabajando los últimos años en el proceso de establecer vínculos académicos y científicos con sociedades científicas y gremiales en todo el continente, que permitan fortalecer y diversificar las oportunidades académicas que requieren los ginecólogos del país, en Colombia y fuera de ella.
Acoso sexual en la comunidad estudiantil de la Universidad de Manizales (Colombia) 2008. Estudio de corte transversal
Authors: Castaño-Castrillón José Jaime , González Eliana Katherine , Guzmán July Andrea , Montoya Jhon Stiven , Murillo Juan Manuel , Páez-Cala Martha Luz , Parra Luisa María , Salazar Tania Victoria , Velásquez Yesica
Published: February 2020

Introducción: el objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar el acoso sexual, su frecuencia e imaginarios en la comunidad estudiantil de la Universidad de Manizales, Caldas (Colombia). Esta es una temática con escasas investigaciones en el ámbito universitario y con importantes implicaciones para la víctima.Metodología: este estudio de corte transversal se efectúo con 205 estudiantes de la Universidad de Manizales, muestra representativa de una población de 3.584 personas. Entre otras variables, se indagó sobre el acoso sexual antes y después de ingresar a la universidad, quién efectuó el acoso, la opinión de los estudiantes sobre qué se considera un acoso sexual, quién lo propicia y cómo debe ser castigado; así como la orientación sexual, la facultad y el semestre al que pertenecía el estudiante.Resultados: se observó una frecuencia de acoso sexual de 6,8% durante la permanencia en la universidad, la cual se presentó únicamente en los 4 primeros semestres y fue efectuada por docentes (50%) y compañeros de clase (21,4%, hombres y mujeres en la misma proporción). De manera adicional, sólo 7,1% de los casos fue denunciado y de éstos únicamente 66,7% recibió ayuda. En contraste, 47,1% de los acosados ha sido víctima de chantaje e intimidación para evitar que denuncie. Sin embargo, 23,5% de las víctimas consideran que en parte propiciaron el acoso.Conclusiones: el acoso sexual es una agresión a los derechos fundamentales y está ahora presente en la Universidad de Manizales. No osbstante, aunque no tiene una frecuencia tan alta comparado con otros estudios, sí constituye un problema en el cual se debe intervenir.