bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Effectiveness of Percutaneous Full-endoscopy Spine Surgery Combined With Holmium Laser in the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Guo Song , Zhu Kai , Qiang Fu , Yan Meiju , Hang Donghua
Published: December 2021

Background Oxidative stress has been considered a critical mediator in the pathogenesis of lumbar disc degeneration, which can lead to the severe lower back pain. Inhibition of the excessive oxidative stress has become a therapeutic target for controlling discogenic lower back pain. Recently, more studies have shown that holmium laser can effectively suppress oxidative stress. This work aims to study the clinical outcomes of percutaneous full-endoscopy spine surgery combined with holmium laser for treating symptomatic lumbar disc degeneration (IDD). Methods We designed and conducted a retrospective study on the patients with lumbar disc herniation who had been treated by percutaneous full-endoscopy spine surgery at Shanghai General Hospital from June 2018 to March 2020. The patients were divided into group A (holmium laser treatment group) and group B (Elliquence radiofrequency group) according to the medical record. Operation time and hospitalization time of both groups were recorded and compared. Additionally, VAS scores and ODI scores were used to evaluate the lower back pain, lower extremity radiation pain and quality of life before and 3 days, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. Results Forty-five patients were included in group A while the other 55 patients were included in group B. Operation time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B (40.60±5.59 minutes vs. 50.80±3.19 minutes). VAS scores of lower back pain and lower extremity radiation pain at postoperative 3 days, 6 months, and 12 months were significantly lower than those before surgery in both groups. The postoperative lower back pain VAS scores of group A were significantly lower than those of group B, while the postoperative lower extremity radiation pain VAS scores had no significant difference between both groups. The ODI scores of both groups at postoperative 3 days, 6 months, and 12 months were significantly lower than those before surgery. Conclusions These findings confirmed that application of holmium laser can significantly improve the clinical outcomes in percutaneous full-endoscopy spine surgery.
Segment IV Approach is Useful for Whole-Layer Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Gallbladder Polyps
Authors: Tanji Yoshiaki , Fujioka Shuichi , Shiozaki Hironori , Takano Yuki , Takahashi Naoto , Iwasaki Taizo , Yuda Masami , Kitagawa Kazuo , Hiramoto Yuki , Yoshioka Satoshi , Kaji Mutsumi , Kurita Sayumi , Odaka Makoto , Tsukamoto Yo , Shigemori Rintaro , Miyake Ryo , Imawari Yoshimi , Ito Eisaku , Nakagawa Hikaru , Baba Yuji , Ishizaki Shunta , Toya Naoki , Ikegami Toru
Published: December 2021

Background Whole-layer laparoscopic cholecystectomy (W-LC) has recently been advocated as a total biopsy for potentially malignant neoplasms of the gallbladder; however, it is not an injury-proof procedure. This study reports W-LC using the segment IV approach (technique for securing the whole-layer gallbladder at the medial origin of the cystic plate).MethodsTwenty among twenty-five patients diagnosed with potentially malignant gallbladder polyps underwent this technique.ResultsMostly, W-LC was performed successfully (median operative time 135 min) without intraoperative and postoperative complications. Pathological findings indicated that cholesteric polyps was the most common type (n=13), followed by adenomatous polyps (25%) and carcinoma in situ (5%).ConclusionsWe conclude that the segment IV approach is appropriate for performing total biopsy in patients diagnosed with potentially malignant gallbladder polyps.
Study and Optimization of Field Limiting Rings for 10kV SiC Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
Authors: Ma Hongming , Zhang Wenyuan , Wang Yan
Published: December 2021

A 10kV-level silicon carbide (SiC) insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) with field limiting rings (FLRs) is designed and simulated with Sentaurus TCAD, the detailed optimization method and comparisons are presented in this paper. Linearly varying spacing between rings is introduced to SiC IGBT and adjustment is performed on width of rings, the final structure achieves a breakdown voltage over 12kV with a termination length of 164.5 µm , which is 69.93% lower than that of conventional structure with a fixed ring spacing. Moreover, the final design can decrease the sensitivity to the interface charges, the tolerance to positive surface charges exceeds 8 × 10 11 cm − 2 , which is 3.5 times that of the conventional structure. Besides, double pulse measurements prove no degradation of conduction and switching characteristics.
A GDPase/UDPase Bifunctional Enzyme From Candida Albicans: Purification and Biochemical Characterization
Authors: Bibián-García Jaime Alberto , Ortiz-Ramírez Jorge Armando , Almanza-Villegas Lilia Maritza , Cano-Canchola Ma. del Carmen , Cuéllar-Cruz Mayra , López-Romero Everardo
Published: December 2021

The most frequently isolated human fungal pathogen is Candida albicans which is responsible for about 50% of all Candida infections. In healthy individuals, this organism resides as a part of the normal microbiota in equilibrium with the host. However, under certain conditions, particularly in immunocompromised patients, this opportunistic pathogen adheres to host cells causing serious systemic infections. Thus, much effort has been dedicated to the study of its physiology with emphasis on factors associated to pathogenicity. A representative analysis deals with the mechanisms of glycoprotein assembly as many cell surface antigens and other macromolecules that modulate the immune system fall within this chemical category. In this regard, studies of the terminal protein glycosylation stage which occurs in Golgi vesicles has led to the identification of nucleotidases that convert glycosyltransferase-generated dinucleotides into the corresponding mononucleotides, thus playing a double function: their activity prevent inhibition of further glycosyl transfer by the accumulation of dinucleotides and the resulting mononucleotides are exchanged by specific membrane transporters for equimolecular amounts of sugar donors from the cytosol. Here, using a simple protocol for protein separation we isolated a bifunctional nucleotidase from C. albicans active on GDP and UDP that was characterized in terms of its molecular mass, response to bivalent ions and other factors, substrate specificity and affinity. Results are discussed in terms of the similarities and differences of this nucleotidase with similar counterparts from other organisms thus contributing to the knowledge of a bifunctional diphosphatase not described before in C. albicans.
Evaluating COVID-19 booster vaccination strategies in a partially vaccinated population: a modeling study.
Authors: Massonnaud Clément , Roux Jonathan , Colizza Vittoria , Crépey Pascal
Published: December 2021

Background.
Several countries are implementing COVID-19 booster vaccination campaigns. The objective of this study was to model the impact of different primary and booster vaccination strategies.
Methods.
We used a compartmental model fitted to hospital admission data in France to analyze the impact of primary and booster vaccination strategies on morbidity and mortality, assuming waning of immunity and various levels of virus transmissibility during winter.
Results.
Strategies prioritizing primary vaccinations were systematically more effective than strategies prioritizing boosters. Regarding booster strategies targeting different age groups, their effectiveness varied with immunity and virus transmissibility levels. If waining of immunity affects all adults, people aged 30 to 49 years should be boosted in priority, even for low transmissibility levels.
Discussion.
Increasing the primary vaccination coverage should remain a priority. If a plateau has been reached, boosting immunity of younger adults could be the most effective strategy, especially if SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility is high.
Long-Term Case-Fatality Rate of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease in People Living with HIV
Authors: Hu Jingjing , Gu Ling , Shao Yueming , Zhang Renfang , Qi Tangkai , Sun Jianjun , Wang Zhenyan , Song Wei , Tang Yang , Wang Jiangrong , Xu Shuibao , Yang Junyang , Shen Yinzhong , Liu Li , Chen Jun , Lu Hongzhou
Published: December 2021

Background
Few data are available regarding the long-term case-fatality rate (CFR) among people living with HIV (PLWH) with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease.
Objectives
To analyze the long-term CFR in patients with NTM disease and to identify risk factors for their death.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 379 cases of microbiologically confirmed NTM disease in PLWH was conducted during January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2020 in Shanghai, China. We used Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test to compare long-term CFR in patients with disseminated NTM (DNTM) and localized NTM disease. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and stepwise Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to estimate the predictors of long-term CFR.
Results
The cohort was follow-up for a median of 26 months. The total CFR was 15.7% by one year and increased to 22.6% at 5 years after the diagnosis of NTM disease. The 5-year CFR of PLWH with DNTM was significantly higher than that of localized NTM (26.7% vs. 19.6% for DNTM and localized NTM disease, respectively). Older age (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.06, P < 0.001), comorbidity (HR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.21-3.49, P < 0.01), DNTM (HR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.17-3.68, P < 0.05), and HIV viral load (HR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12-1.55, P < 0.001) were all independent risk factors of long-term CFR. In the subgroup analysis, time to culture positivity was negatively correlated with CFR in patients with DNTM (HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82-0.98, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
NTM was associated with significantly high long-term CFR in PLWH. Further approaches to prevent NTM disease in PLWH are urgently needed.
A mechanically strong and ductile soft magnet with ultralow coercivity
Authors: Raabe Dierk , Han Liuliu , Fernando Fernando , Filho Isnaldi Souza , Peter Nicolas , Wei Ye , Gault Baptiste , Gutfleisch Oliver , Li Zhiming
Published: December 2021

Soft magnetic materials (SMMs) are indispensable components in electrified applications and sustainable energy supply, allowing permanent magnetic flux variations in response to high frequency changes of the applied magnetic field, at lowest possible energy loss1. The global trend towards electrification of transport, households and manufacturing leads to a massive increase in energy consumption due to hysteresis losses2. Therefore, minimizing coercivity, which scales the losses in SMMs, is crucial3. Yet, meeting this target alone is not enough: SMMs used for instance in vehicles and planes must withstand severe mechanical loads, i.e., the alloys need high strength and ductility4. This is a fundamental design challenge, as most methods that enhance strength introduce stress fields that can pin magnetic domains, thus increasing coercivity and hysteretic losses5. Here, we introduce a new approach to overcome this dilemma. We have designed a Fe-Co-Ni-Ta-Al multicomponent alloy with ferromagnetic matrix and paramagnetic coherent nanoparticles of well-controlled size (~91 nm) and high volume fraction (55%). They impede dislocation motion, enhancing strength and ductility. Yet, their small size, low coherency stress and small magnetostatic energy create an interaction volume below the magnetic domain wall width, leading to minimal domain wall pinning, thus maintaining the material’s soft magnetic properties. The new material exhibits an excellent combination of mechanical and magnetic properties outperforming other multicomponent alloys and conventional SMMs. It has a tensile strength of ~1336 MPa at 54% tensile elongation, an extremely low coercivity of ~78 A/m (<1 Oe) and a saturation magnetization of ~100 Am2/kg. The work opens new perspectives on developing magnetically soft and mechanically strong and ductile materials for the sustainable electrification of industry and society.
Peanut/Cotton Intercropping Increases Productivity and Economic Returns by Regulating Nutrient Accumulation and Soil Microbial Communities Under both Normal and Saline Soil Conditions
Authors: Xie Wei , Zhang Kai , Wang Xiaoying , Zou Xiaoxia , Zhang Xiaojun , Yu Xiaona , Wang Yuefu , Si Tong
Published: December 2021

Background
Intercropping has been widely adopted by farmers for it often enhances crop productivity and economic returns; however, the underpinning mechanisms from the perspective of belowground interspecific interactions are only partly understood especially when intercropping under saline soil conditions. By using permeable (100 µm) and impermeable (solid) root barriers in a multi-site field experiment, we aimed to study the impact of root-root interactions on nutrient accumulation, soil microbial communities, crop yield, and economic returns in a peanut/cotton intercropping system under non-saline, secondary-saline, and coastal saline soil conditions.
Results
The results indicate that intercropping (IC) decreased the peanut pods yield while increased the seed cotton yield, and consequently enhanced the economic returns compared with monoculture of peanut (MP) and cotton (MC). The higher accumulations of nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) were also observed in IC not only in the soil but also in vegetative tissues and reproductive organs. Bacterial community structure analysis under normal growth conditions reveals that IC dramatically altered the soil bacterial abundance composition in both peanut and cotton strips of the top soil whereas the bacterial diversity was barely affected compared with MP and MC. At blossom-needling stage, the metabolic functional features of the bacterial communities such as fatty acid biosynthesis, lipoic acid metabolism, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and biosynthesis of ansamycins were significantly enriched in MP compared with other treatments. Conversely, these metabolic functional features were dramatically depleted in MP while significantly enriched in IC at podding stage. Permeable root barrier treatments (NC-P and NC-C) counteracted the benefits of IC and the side effects were more pronounced in impermeable treatments (SC-P and SC-C).
Conclusion
Peanut/cotton intercropping increases crop yield as well as economic returns under non-saline, secondary-saline, and coastal saline soil conditions probably by modulating the soil bacterial abundance composition and accelerating nutrients accumulation.
Human Papillomavirus 16 lineage D is associated with high risk of cervical cancer in the Brazilian Northeast region
Authors: Martins Luís Felipe Leite , Moreira Miguel Ângelo Martins , Pinho Rodrigo Alves , Bertoni Neilane , Felix Shayany Pinto , Vidal João Paulo Castello Branco , Torres Leuridan Cavalcante , Souza Ariani Impieri , de Almeida Liz Maria
Published: December 2021

BackgroundLike HPV types, different lineages also appear to have different carcinogenic capabilities. Studies have shown that oncogenic HPV specific to the genotype lineage is associated with different risks for the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2 / CIN3) and cervical cancer. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity of HPV 16 genotype in cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/CIN3) and cervical cancer in women from the Northeast region of Brazil.Methods and ResultsA cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted in the Northeast region of Brazil from 2014 through 2016. In the sample, there were 196 cases of HPV-16 variant (59 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia - CIN2/CIN3 and 137 cases of cervical cancer). Difference of proportion test was used to compare groups of CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer by viral lineage (p-value <0.05) in respect to HPV-16 lineage prevalence.The percentage of lineage frequencies by histopathological diagnosis showed a borderline difference of lineage A in the CIN2/CIN3 group compared to the cervical cancer group (p = 0.053). In relation to lineage D, the proportion was higher in cancer cases (32.8%) compared to the CIN2/CIN3 group (16.9%), p-value of 0.023.ConclusionsHPV16 lineage A was the most frequent in both CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer samples, while lineage D predominated in cervical cancer, suggesting a possible association of HPV-16 lineage D with cervical cancer.
Validity of Trunk Acceleration Measurement With a Chest-worn Monitor for Assessment of Exercise Intensity
Authors: Mukaino Masahiko , Ogasawara Takayuki , Matsuura Hirotaka , Aoshima Yasushi , Suzuki Takuya , Yamaguchi Masumi , Nakashima Hiroshi , Saitoh Eiichi , Tsukada Shingo , Otaka Yohei
Published: December 2021

Background: Recent advancements in wearable technology has enabled easy measurement of daily activities, which can be applied in rehabilitation practice for the purposes such as maintaining and increasing the activity levels of the patients. A smart clothing system is one of the newly developed wearable systems that enables the measurement of physical activity such as heart rate and/or acceleration. In this study, we aimed to examine the validity of trunk acceleration measurement using a smart clothing system (‘hitoe’ system) in assessing the physical activity, which was measured using the expiratory gas analysis. Methods: Twelve healthy individuals participated in the study. The trunk acceleration was simultaneously measured using a triaxial accelerometer embedded in a smart clothing activity monitoring system (‘hitoe’ system), and the percent VO2 reserve (%VO2R) was determined by performing expiratory gas analysis during treadmill testing. Three parameters, that is, moving average (MA), moving standard deviation (MSD), and moving root mean square (RMS), were calculated using the norm of the trunk acceleration. The relationships between these accelerometer-based parameters and %VO2R from expiratory gas analysis for each individual were examined. Results: The values of MA, MSD, RMS, and %VO2R were significantly different between levels 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the Bruce protocol (P<0.01). The average coefficients of determination for individual regression for %VO2R vs. MA, %VO2R vs. MSD, and %VO2R vs. RMS were 0.89±0.05, 0.96±0.03 and 0.91±0.05, respectively. The parameters based on the trunk acceleration measurements were significantly correlated with %VO2R and activity levels. Among the parameters examined, MSD showed the best correlation with %VO2R, indicating high validity of the parameter for assessing physical activity. Conclusions: The present results support the validity of the MSD calculated from the trunk acceleration measured with a smart clothing system in assessing the exercise intensity.Trial registration: UMIN000034967Registered 21 November 2018 (retrospectively registered).
Scavenging ROS Decreases Amyloid-beta Levels via Activation of PI3K/Akt/GLUT1 pathway in N2a/APP695swe Cells
Authors: Peng Yan , Zhang Li , Zhou Fanlin , Wang Yangyang , Li Shijie , Fan Jianing , Li Xiaoju , Li Yu
Published: December 2021

Dysregulated glucose metabolism in the brain is considered to be the underlying cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Abnormal glucose metabolism in AD is associated with decreased glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and GLUT3 in the brain, but the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we reported that GLUT1 expression was decreased in N2a/APP695swe cells and GLUT3 expression was not significantly changed. Flow Cytometry analysis showed a significant increase of intracellular ROS content in N2a/APP695swe cells and GLUT1 expression was upregulated after treatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC). Cellular glucose uptake and ATP levels were reduced following decreased GLUT1 expression and increased after upregulating GLUT1. Western blot analyses showed that phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt pathway decreased in N2a/APP695swe cells. Aβ levels decreased after upregulation of GLUT1 expression and increased after downregulation of GLUT1. After NAC treatment, PI3K/Akt pathway phosphorylation levels and GLUT1 expression were upregulated, glucose uptake and ATP contents were increased, and Aβ levels were decreased. After adding PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor LY29004, GLUT1 expression was reduced and Aβ levels were increased. Besides, the increased glucose uptake and ATP contents by the Akt activator SC79 were hindered with the GLUT1 inhibitor WZB117. Aβ levels decreased after SC79 treatment and increased after WZB117 treatment. Overall, our data suggest that ROS reduced GLUT1 expression by inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway activity resulting in impaired glucose metabolism and scavenging ROS prevents Aβ via activation of PI3K/Akt/GLUT1 pathway in N2a/APP695swe cells.
Effects of Storage Conditions on the Total Content of Anthocyanins and Degradation of Phenolic Compounds During Long Storage of Pomegranate Fruit (Punica Granatum L.)
Authors: Lashkari Elham
Published: December 2021

Effects of storage temperature, elevated CO2 and reduced O2 in the package headspace, packaging material, and their interactions on the total content of anthocyanins and degradation of phenolic compounds in ‘Malase Torsh Saveh’ pomegranate were studied during long storage. The results showed that only storage temperature and its duration had significant effects on the degradation of phenolic compounds. The content of anthocyanins was affected by the single effect of storage time and its 3-way interaction effect with the storage temperature and the surrounding gas composition. Higher amounts of both total anthocyanins and browning pigments were recorded at 2 °C. The Browning index (BI) of the pomegranate extracts changed quadratically with the variations in the total anthocyanins content and linearly with the variations in the content of browning compounds. Thermal dipping treatment and its interaction with the storage time significantly affected the BI values of modified atmosphere packaged pomegranates stored at 6 °C.
Nonoperative Management for Peri-Appendiceal Abscesses after Percutaneous Drainage Without Interval Appendectomy
Authors: Park Chang Sung , Lee In A , Jung Yun Tae , Lee Jae Gil
Published: December 2021

Background: Initial non-operative management (NOM) with percutaneous drainage for peri-appendiceal abscesses has been proven to be safe and effective. However, the appropriateness of interval appendectomy after NOM is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of NOM without performing interval appendectomy.Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was performed for patients who were admitted with peri-appendiceal abscesses between January 2009 and December 2019. After percutaneous drainage for the abscesses, whether to undergo interval appendectomy was decided by the patients. Their clinical courses were reviewed thoroughly through their medical records. Telephone contact with these patients was made when necessary. Results: Twenty-seven patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 63.1 years (± 11.9 years). The median follow-up period was 25.7 months. The most common co-morbidities were cardiovascular disorders (eight patients) and underlying malignancies (eight patients). The mean size of the abscesses was 5.4 x 4.1 ㎝. Three patients consequently received surgery for the recurrence of appendicitis or peri-appendiceal abscesses. One patient received a right hemicolectomy, and another two received open appendectomies. Four patients (14.8%) died within the follow-up period due to underlying diseases.Conclusion: Initial NOM without interval appendectomy was a safe option in selected patients with peri-appendiceal abscess.
A Novel Model Concerning the Independence of Emissivity and Absorptivity for Enhancing the Sustainability of Radiant Cooling Technology
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhang Guoqiang
Published: December 2021

Radiant cooling technology is a sustainable technology for improving built environment. The past research only studied the performance (e.g., radiant heat flux) based on Kirchhoff’s law while the accuracy and its reasons were seldom analyzed. In order to study the mechanism deeply, a new model of radiant heat transfer is derived theoretically which considers emissivity and absorptivity independently. This model is validated by the experimental data then applied in a reference case for further analysis. The analyzing methods of sensitivity and relative deviation are performed to investigate the reasons for the errors. The results of sensitivity analysis show that it is about 20% − 40% more sensitive for the emissivity to the heat flux than the absorptivity. Furthermore, the deviation of the heat flux can reach up to 20% when the absorptivity is in the range from 0.4 to 0.9. This deviation is close to the estimated error range of 21.8% in the past studies. Therefore, the discussion based on the theoretical analysis, shows that the errors in past studies are highly due to the oversimplified preconditions for applying Kirchhoff’s law and they ignored the impact of surface absorption. Additionally, the validation in the previous experiments was highly coincidence, since they neglected the key independent tests of the absorptivity and radiant heat flux. Comprehensively, the new model is valuable to provide a more reliable solution for analyzing the radiant heat transfer and for the future design of an independent test of radiant heat flux.
Reference values for Ductus Venosus pulsatility index between 11 and 13 + 6 weeks of Gestation: A Single-center Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ahmadi Somayeh Haji , Adariani Alireza Rezaei , Amini Ehsan
Published: December 2021

BackgroundThe ductus venosus pulsatility index(DVPI) has been evolved as an important marker of the first trimester screening sonography. The aim of this study is to define a reference for ductus venosus pulsatility index at 11–13 +6 weeks of gestation.MethodsIn this cross sectional observational study, 415 women with singleton pregnancies and crown lump length(CRL) between 45 and 84 mm were included. Exclusion criteria were abnormal biochemical screening results, presence of fetal structural malformation or chromosomal abnormalities such as thickened nuchal fold, abnormal perinatal outcomes, and newborns with a chromosomal abnormality. Transabdominal U/S was performed in all participants by an expert radiologist in obstetric sonography. CRL, nuchal translucency(NT), and blood flow indices of ductus venosus (DV) in each fetus were measured. The collected data were analyzed by IBM SPSS software version 20. Linear regression was performed to demonstrate the association between CRL DVPI. Further, 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles of DV blood flow indices were calculated for each gestational age.ResultThe mean value of DVPI ranged from 1.05 at CRL 42mm to 1.3 at CRL 82mm. DVPI and CRL did not show any significant linear association (Regression coefficient B=0.001, R2=0.003, P=0.31)Conclusion: We defined means and ranges of DVPI, while determining the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles of DVPI for each CRL at our institution which were approximately similar to previous studies.
Multidimensional Rural Poverty In Burji And Konso Area, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Mare Yohannes , Gecho YishaK , Mada Melkamu
Published: December 2021

Ethiopia is among the poorest countries in the world and the level of poverty is more challenging in rural areas compared to urban. Currently, there are great tendencies over the world to measure poverty using Alkire and Fosters' MPI approach among different approaches of poverty assessment. This study aimed at assessing multidimensional rural poverty status household's poverty in Burji and Konso area in Southern Ethiopia. To address this objective, 368 households were selected using simple random sampling techniques. The data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Interview schedule, focused group discussion, key informant interview, and observation methods were implemented to collect primary data. Alkire & Foster Methodology with modified four dimensions and 14 indicators used to analyze multidimensional rural poverty. The study reveals as the highest three deprivations 97.8% of cooking fuel, 92.6% of the floor, and 76.1% of drinking water. The multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) of the study area was 0.419 with 76.6% of incidence and 54.7% the intensity of multidimensional rural poverty. The highest (15%) contributor to MPI was deprivation in school attendants and the highest (34%) deprivation dimension was in living Standard out of four dimensions.
Hyperactivation of the proteasome core particle in Caenorhabditis elegans protects against proteotoxic stress and extends lifespan
Authors: Anderson Raymond , Bradley Thomas , Smith David
Published: December 2021

Many age-related diseases (ARDs) including virtually all neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by the accumulation of proteins that are thought to significantly contribute to disease pathogenesis. One of the cell’s primary systems for the degradation of misfolded/damaged proteins is the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS), and its impairment is implicated in essentially all NDs. Thus, upregulating this system to combat NDs has garnered a great deal of interest in recent years. Various animal models have focused on increasing the total proteasome levels, but thus far, none have focused on intrinsic activation of the proteasome itself. With this in mind, we constructed a, first to our knowledge, animal model that endogenously expresses a hyperactive open-gate proteasome in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The gate-destabilizing mutation introduced into the nematode germline created a viable nematode population with substantially enhanced proteasomal peptidase and unstructured protein degradation activity. These CRISPR edited nematodes showed a significantly increased lifespan and substantial resistance to oxidative/proteotoxic stress with surprisingly mild consequential phenotypes. These results show that introducing a constitutively active proteasome into a multicellular organism is feasible and suggests targeting the proteasome gating mechanism as a valid approach for future ARD research efforts in mammals.
Non-tariff measures a trade barrier for developing countries’ agricultural processed products exports
Authors: Mohan Sushil
Published: December 2021

The paper analyses the trade barriers that thwart diversification efforts of developing countries into exports of value-added agricultural processed products. It examines the extent to which non-tariff measures act as market access barriers that constrain agricultural processed products exports from developing countries. The analysis shows that the prevalence of non-tariff measures (including domestic non-tariff measures) limit the ability of developing countries to increase their agricultural processed exports. This has important policy implications in terms of the emphasis that trade negotiators and policy planners should place on addressing non-tariff measures both in the domestic and foreign markets.
Yogic Science for Human Resource Management in Public Enterprises
Authors: Saxena Naresh C.
Published: December 2021

Human resources management is the process of managing people in a structured manner to help the organisation to meet its objectives. In public enterprises the objectives are multifarious and sometimes opaque; and hence human resources management is more complex. An increase in occupational stress which has an adverse effect not only on the health and wellbeing of the individual but also on the health of the organisation. In the frenetic world of today where management principles are being turned on their heads there are some principles and precepts which are constant and which can help in the development of human resources in such a way that the health of the organisation and the health of the individual is safeguarded. In this paper we will see how the techniques and practices of Yoga – a time-tested oriental science – may be helpful in the public enterprises by reducing the stress level of the employees and increasing their greedlessness and public spiritedness.
COVID-19 E A EDUCAÇÃO EM MOÇAMBIQUE: ENTRAVES, DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES DE REINVENÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Muzime Fernando Andre , Zimbico Octavio Jose
Published: December 2021

A pandemia da Covid-19 conveliu a vida pública de uma maneira profunda, colocando grandes desafios no sector da educação, fomentando novas metodologias de ensino vinculadas, principalmente, através de organizações internacionais, no caso da UNESCO. De modo a conter a rápida propagação do coronavírus, Moçambique declarou o Estado de Emergência a nível nacional. Dentre as medidas anunciadas pelo Chefe de Estado, consta a suspensão das aulas em todos os estabelecimentos públicos e privados, desde o ensino pré-escolar até o superior. Portanto, este artigo visa apurar os desafios que a educação enfrenta bem como as possibilidades da sua reinvenção no contexto da pandemia do coronavírus. Metodologicamente foi privilegiada a pesquisa bibliográfica com recurso ao método materialista histórico-dialéctico. Os resultados impõem grandes investimentos, sobretudo, de infra-estruturas, formação do capital docente em vários níveis de ensino, apropriação dos conhecimentos das TICs e, para tal, aponta-se a necessidade de um Pacto Educativo entre os diferentes extractos sociais e o Estado como alternativa de mitigação e superação da crise no sistema educacional.
PLANOS DE GESTÃO ESCOLAR: CONTRADIÇÕES E DISPUTAS NA NOVA POLÍTICA DE GOVERNANÇA DAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS ESTADUAIS DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Palú Janete , Petry Oto João
Published: December 2021

O artigo problematiza a adoção dos Planos de Gestão Escolar (PGEs), que versam sobre a nova forma de escolha do gestor e estratégia de governança das escolas públicas estaduais catarinenses, instituídos a partir de 2013, identificando as contradições e disputas que permearam sua implementação. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo explicativa, realizada a partir de estudo bibliográfico e documental; os dados foram submetidos às técnicas da Análise de Conteúdo, de Bardin (2016). Evidenciou-se que, apesar da anunciação dos PGEs como instrumentos de gestão democrática, sua origem e operacionalização estão alinhadas às reformas neoliberais, que concebem a educação como um instrumento de dominação e não de emancipação humana.
A EXPANSÃO DOS COLÉGIOS MILITARES NO RIO DE JANEIRO: UMA ANÁLISE SOB A PERSPECTIVA CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Alves Rogério Pacheco , Vicente Debora Da Silva
Published: December 2021

A criação de colégios militares no Brasil, a partir do Segundo Império, subsiste e ganhou força nos Estados da Federação. O presente trabalho pretende analisar o processo de expansão dos colégios militares no Rio de Janeiro, na perspectiva da Carta Política de 1988, em especial sob o prisma da supremacia da norma constitucional, dos princípios setoriais da educação e da igualdade. A metodologia, de abordagem qualitativa, consistirá na revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema e como resultado apresenta-se uma discussão sobre a incompatibilidade da militarização da educação com o regime democrático.
Hydrologic modeling by means of a hybrid downscaling approach: an application to the Sai Gon–Dong Nai Rivers Basin
Authors: Trinh T. , Nguyen V. T. , Do N. , Carr K. , Tran D. H. , Thang N. V. , Dang T. H.
Published: December 2021

The spatial and temporal availability and reliability of hydrological data are substantial contributions to the accuracy of watershed modeling; unfortunately, such data requirements are challenging and perhaps impossible in many regions of the world. In this study, hydrological conditions are simulated using the hydrologic model-WEHY, whose data input are obtained from a hybrid downscaling technique to provide reliable and high temporal and spatial resolution hydrological data. The hybrid downscaling technique is coupled to a hydroclimate and machine learning models; wherein the global atmospheric reanalysis data, including ERA-Interim, ERA-20C, and CFSR are used for initial and boundary conditions of dynamical downscaling utilizing the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). The machine learning model (ANN) then follows to further downscale the WRF outputs to a finer resolution over the studied watershed. An application of the combination of mentioned techniques is applied to the third-largest river basin in Vietnam, the Sai Gon–Dong Nai Rivers Basin. The validation of hybrid model is in the ‘satisfactory’ range. After the estimation of geomorphology and land cover within the watershed, WEHY's calibration and validation are performed based on observed rainfall data. The simulation results matched well with flow observation data with respect to magnitude for both the rising and recession time segments. In comparison, among the three selected reanalysis data sets, the best calibration and validation results were obtained from the CFSR data set. These results are closer to the observation data than those using only the dynamic downscaling technique in combination with the WEHY model.
Theological Themes in Origen’s First Homily on Psalm 76 (77) and Their Subsequent Reception
Authors: Nieścior Leon
Published: December 2021

The collection of Origen’s presumably last works, the 29 homilies on the Psalms, was recently discovered and published in 2015. In the homily on Psa 76:1-9, we can find threads of the theology of spirituality intertwined with more systematic speculations. The sanctifying action of the Logos comes here to the fore. God-Logos enables the Christian to sacrifice himself fully with his mind, tongue and all his senses. The Word, which has been living for ages in the womb of the Father, educates the human word, liable to agitation, to silence. Origen looks for a cure in afflictions. He finds it in the image of hands outstretched to God and in constant reminding of Him. The Psalmist ponders “the ancient days” and “the eonic years” and asks if God can reject man forever (Psa 76:6–8). In his commentary, Origen seems to refer to his speculations from much earlier years, known from the work On First Principles, in which he expressed views on the preexistence of rational beings, preceding the present world, and the multiple transformation of worlds. Are these speculative threads still present in his last work? The article tries to explain Origen’s statements and understand them properly.
Obraz nauczyciela szkół brackich w XVI-XVII – wiecznej Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Mironowicz Marcin
Published: December 2021

W końcu XVI w. nastąpił rozwój szkolnictwa brackiego. Szkoły działały w oparciu o Porządek szkolny opracowany w 1586 r. przez Greka Arseniusza. Dokument obowiązywał niezmiennie przez cały czas funkcjonowania szkół brackich. W regulaminie wpisano wymagania, jakim powinien sprostać didaskał. W artykule ukazane zostały sylwetki didaskałów w odniesieniu do wymagań statutu brackiego.
Pressupostos psicológicos e didáticos para a resolução de problemas matemáticos
Authors: Francioli Fatima Aparecida Souza , Silva Nilza Marcia Mulatti
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tomou como recorte as análises proferidas em uma pesquisa de mestrado na área de ensino e tem como objetivo apresentar os pressupostos psicológicos e didáticos referentes à resolução de problemas matemáticos. A pesquisa, de cunho teórico-metodológico, discute as dificuldades dos alunos, dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, ao resolverem problemas matemáticos. Para tanto, apoiou-se nos estudos de Vigotski e Kalmykova para as questões psicológicas e estudos de Saviani para as questões didáticas. Os resultados apontaram que a solução de problemas exige que o aluno transcenda dos procedimentos descritivos para os explicativos e, assim, tome consciência de suas ações. Além de que o professor, ao valorizar o processo de resolução, ademais da resposta correta do problema, deve propor ao aluno a explicitação do procedimento realizado, favorecendo a mobilização de suas ideias e chegando ao pensamento por conceitos.
O processo de reformulação curricular do ensino técnico integrado ao ensino médio no IFSULDEMINAS - Campus Muzambinho
Authors: De Souza Renato Aparecido , Fassbinder Aracele Garcia de Oliveira , Maria Carolina José
Published: December 2021

O texto objetiva descrever a reformulação dos Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos (PPCs) técnicos integrados ao ensino médio do IFSULDEMINAS - Campus Muzambinho. Trata-se de um relato de experiência, na perspectiva do gestor escolar, durante o primeiro semestre do ano de 2019. Cerca de 100 professores foram envolvidos neste processo. A reformulação foi estruturada em: (i) criação de Grupos de Trabalho (GTs); (ii) estabelecimento do perfil do egresso; e (iii) Construção das diretrizes curriculares com a definição dos conhecimentos necessários para atingir o perfil de formação. Como desfecho houve duas dimensões: (i) Perfil do egresso reestruturado e (ii) reestruturação da carga horária em sua totalidade. O processo de reformulação curricular foi finalizado com a construção de instrumentos normativos baseados sobretudo nas demandas de inovação e empreendedorismo, estabelecendo coerência com itinerário formativo, dando sequencialidade nas etapas formativas e ultrapassando a visão curricular como conjuntos isolados de conhecimentos e práticas desarticuladas.
Concepção sobre a investigação no ensino de ciências
Authors: De Menezes João Paulo Cunha
Published: December 2021

A literatura científica tem enfatizado a importância das experiências de investigação para os estudantes na formação inicial de professores. Tentando melhor compreender este cenário, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a percepção dos estudantes de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas em uma atividade prática no Ensino de Ciências baseado em investigação. Para alcançar este objetivo os estudantes foram acompanhados em duas disciplinas práticas durante cinco semestre. Durante o desenvolvimento das disciplinas os estudantes foram estimulados a manterem anotações sobre todo o processo. Ao final da disciplina foi solicitado um relato das atividades desenvolvidas. Estas informações foram utilizadas como material de análise neste trabalho. Os dados obtidos sugerem que as concepções dos estudantes sobre o processo de pesquisa e investigação na educação estavam relacionadas à prática e interpretação de seu próprio projeto de investigação e que a vivência do projeto modificou as concepções que os mesmos possuíam sobre a pesquisa. Este trabalho apresenta que as experiências vivenciadas na formação inicial docente instigam uma maior reflexão sobre a natureza da investigação. Desta forma, acredito que os resultados aqui apresentados podem contribuir na formação inicial destes estudantes.
Repertório de pesquisa sobre a educação rural no Paraná por meio da imprensa (1930-1961)
Authors: Ivashita Simone Burioli
Published: December 2021

O presente texto é resultado de pesquisa de pós-doutoramento e teve como objetivo geral localizar, catalogar e analisar jornais, revistas e boletins que tratam da educação rural no estado do Paraná disponibilizados na Biblioteca Nacional no período de 1930 a 1961. Para tanto, foram mapeados os artigos sobre educação rural presentes em periódicos científicos, considerando as recorrências temáticas, o que foi apresentado em forma de repertório. Como principais resultados podemos destacar que as temáticas centrais encontradas foram na formação do professor rural, em eventos destinados à temática da educação rural, na função e representação da educação rural e a permanência do homem no campo. Nos periódicos há uma relativa preocupação com o rural (ou a ausência de abordagem desta temática) ligada ao movimento político, indicando se o governante era um típico ruralista ou um defensor da industrialização.
Metodologias ativas e novas competências docentes: uma experiência de produção de textos imagéticos no meio digital
Authors: Caiado Roberta , Fonte Renata Fonseca Lima da , Barros Isabela Barbosa do Rêgo
Published: December 2021

Respaldado nas metodologias ativas de ensino, este artigo apresenta o relato de uma experiência pedagógica – produção de textos imagéticos – desenvolvida em tecnologia digital móvel, proposta para professores em formação inicial. Metodologicamente, realizamos um estudo de caso com licenciandos em Letras de uma Universidade particular localizada no estado de Pernambuco. Concluímos que os docentes em formação ampliam suas competências quando utilizam caminhos autônomos que os façam avançar em conhecimento, competências socioemocionais e em novos gestos pedagógicos.
A história e filosofia da ciência na educação básica brasileira: por um processo de construção do conhecimeno científico na escola
Authors: Maurente Viviane Maciel Machado , Molina Jorge Alberto , Luz Arisa Araujo da
Published: December 2021

As relações entre as ciências, o contexto histórico de sua produção e as concepções filosóficas vigentes em uma determinada época se tornam visíveis ao considerar a história da ciência. Pois ela mostra os vínculos entre a história em sentido amplo, quer dizer, história política, econômica, cultural e social, com as próprias ciências e com a filosofia da ciência. Esse artigo busca discutir a história e filosofia da ciência na educação básica, seus limites e possibilidades. Como a educação básica vem abordando a ciência na escola; como a formação de professores está trabalhando com futuros docentes a ciência na escola; como está colocada a história e filosofia da ciência nos currículos de formação de professores e na educação básica, como as áreas conversam e compartilham da história e filosofia da ciência quando da construção do conhecimento e de saberes. Se propõe a resgatar a história e filosofia da ciência enquanto saber histórico constituído através dos tempos, bem como a evolução da ciência a partir do olhar de epistemólogos como Kunh (1971), Popper (1994), Bachelard (1996). Traz reflexões acerca das limitações da educação em ciências na educação básica e finaliza contextualizando a importância da história e filosofia da ciência estar presente nos currículos de formação de professores e da educação básica.
Possibilidades e desafios do PIBID para o estreitamento da relação entre escola e universidade
Authors: Deimling Natalia Neves Macedo , Reali Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo temos por objetivo analisar de que maneira as orientações do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência têm sido desenvolvidas e interpretadas por diferentes sujeitos que compõem o Programa na relação entre as escolas de educação básica e a universidade. Para essa análise foram realizadas entrevistas com 18 professores (entre coordenadores, colaboradores e supervisores) e 48 estudantes bolsistas de quatro subprojetos do PIBID de uma universidade federal brasileira entre os anos de 2013 e 2014. Entre outros aspectos, os resultados mostram que o Programa favorece a aproximação entre escola e universidade e contribui para a desmistificação da concepção de superioridade de uma sobre a outra. Todavia, alguns aspectos foram apontados como limitantes, tais como o pouco apoio da universidade às atividades realizadas e a falta de formação e de apoio das redes de ensino aos supervisores para o planejamento e orientação dos estudantes bolsistas.
Quantos sujeitos devem participar da pesquisa? O sujeito reivindicativo como possibilidade na pesquisa em educação
Authors: Da Silva Otavio Henrique Ferreira , Soares Ademilson  de Sousa
Published: December 2021

Este texto tem como objetivo apresentar um importante componente a compor o método das pesquisas qualitativas em educação: o sujeito reivindicativo. Ao planejar a estrutura de uma pesquisa, os pesquisadores podem ter dúvidas quanto à definição do número adequado de sujeitos participantes. O sujeito reivindicativo na pesquisa em educação faz um movimento diferente do que tradicionalmente se faz. Ao invés do pesquisador solicitar, é o sujeito que reivindica a participação na pesquisa. É apontado que a relação pesquisador-sujeito e sujeito-pesquisador precisa de maiores aprofundamentos, e que os pesquisadores em educação precisam ter como pressuposto a possibilidade de se depararem com outros sujeitos no campo de pesquisa, que podem trazer importantes contribuições para seus estudos.