bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Yer” in Anlamının Araştırıcısı Olarak Sokak İsimleri: İzmit/Akçakoca Tarihi Bölge Örneği
Authors: MERT Zeynep Gamze , ERTÜRK Filiz
Published: January 2021

Yer isimleri kentsel ortamda yerin ekonomik, politik güçleri ile sosyal ortamını ve çevresel özelliklerini yansıtmasından dolayı yerin anlamını keşfetmek için önemli bir araştırma alanıdır. İsimlerinin gündelik hayatın içinde yer alması nedeniyle, sokağı anlamak, bölgeyi, kenti, ülkeyi anlamanın ilk adımını oluşturmaktadır. Literatürde, sokak isimleri aracılığıyla yerin anlamını araştıran herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışma; bir yol haritası ile sokak isimle-rini yerin anlamının araştırıcısı olarak tanımlamayı amaçlamıştır. Yol haritası üç aşamadan oluşmaktadır; göstergelerinin elde edilmesi, sokak isimleri bilgi kartlarının oluşturulması, yerin anlamını tanımlama. Anlam analiz yaklaşımlarından (göstergebilim) semiyolojik ve (yorumbilim) hermeneutik yaklaşımlar, tüm aşamalarda izlenmiştir. İlk olarak, 5N1K yöntemi ile sokak isimlerinin göstergeleri elde edilmiş; ikinci olarak, gösterge ve yorumları içeren sokak isimleri bilgi kartları tasarlanmış ve oluşturulmuş ve son olarak, bilgi kartlarını bir araya getirerek üretilen göstergeler aracılığıyla yerin anlamı tanımlanmıştır. Bu makale, İzmit/Akçakoca tarihi bölgede çalışma yaparak, sokak isimlerinin geçmişten günümüze o yerin anlamının işareti ve araştırıcısı olduğunu, bir yol haritası aracılığıyla yerin anlamı hakkında önemli bilgi ürettiğini göstermiştir.
Validation of the Social Media Disorder Scale in Adolescents: Findings from a Large-Scale Nationally Representative Sample
Authors: Boer Maartje , stevens gonneke , Finkenauer Catrin , Ina H.M. Koning , Eijnden Regina van den
Published: January 2021

Large-scale validation research on instruments measuring problematic social media use (SMU) is scarce. Using a nationally representative sample of 6,626 Dutch adolescents aged 12 to 16, the present study examined the psychometric properties of the nine-item Social Media Disorder-scale. The structural validity was solid, because one underlying factor was identified, with adequate factor loadings. The internal consistency was good, but the test information was most reliable at moderate to high scores on the scale’s continuum. The factor structure was measurement invariant across different subpopulations. Three subgroups were identified, distinguished by low, medium, and high probabilities of endorsing the criteria. Higher levels of problematic SMU were associated with higher probabilities of mental, school, and sleep problems, confirming adequate criterion validity. Girls, lower educated adolescents, 15-year-olds, and non-Western adolescents were most likely to report problematic SMU. Given its good psychometric properties, the scale is suitable for research on problematic SMU among adolescents.
The plant-based-diet and obesity : The process and literature survey
Authors: Sanghvi Roshni , Gordon Anna
Published: January 2021

There are an increasingly rising number of people who adopt a plant-based diet. The desire for weightcontrol and other health benefits are driving factors behind this dietary preference. The aim of this studywas twofold: first, it reviews intervention studies evaluating the impact on body mass index and weight byvarious plant-based diets. Most of them were randomized controlled trials of overweight, type 2 diabetesmellitus and/or cardiovascular disease participants compared a low-fat vegan diet to an omnivore diet.Second, this study reviews two major dietary process that may lead to reduced-body fat. Interventionaltrials have consistently demonstrated that consumption of plant-based diets reduces body fat in overweightand obese subjects, even when controlling for energy intake. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underlying thiseffect have not been well-defined. Our review indicates that in some patient groups, plant-based diets canenhance weight condition. In certain studies, due to fat consumption limits accompanied by decreasedenergy intake, the results of the various treatments vary depending on the particular plant-based dietsstudied. Future research should seek to include a representative population of the sample and apply dietswithout dietary limitations to the study.
Blusukan, Komunikasi Politik Indonesia di Era Jokowi: Kajian Literatur Awal
Authors: Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: January 2021

Kajian awal, terkait dengan Blusukan. Terma yang menjadi asosiasi dalam aktivitas politik era Jokowi.
Masalah Lingkungan Alam dan Sosial
Authors: Fitriani Isna
Published: January 2021

Seperti yang kita tahu, bahwa flora dan fauna langka memang hampir terancam punah. Banyak penyebab yang mengakibatkan hewan dan tumbuhan menjadi langka salah satunya adalah karena faktor manusia dan alam itu sendiri. Seperti pertumbuhan bunga raflesia yang sekarang sudah sangat jarang sekali kita temui. Masalah kesehatan merupakan hal yang penting untuk dijaga. Apalagi kalau misalkan tinggal di lingkungan yang tidak sehat maka perlu untuk dijaga. masalah kesehatan yang sering kita temui di Indonesia adalah gaya hidup yang tidak sehat, masalah kebersihan kadang manusia kurang memperhatikan kebersihan lingkungan sekitarnya bahkan untuk dirinya sendiri.
Beliefs About Fish And Chickens & Their Relation To Animal-Positive Behaviors
Authors: Faunalytics
Published: January 2021

Small-bodied animals like chickens and fish are killed in massive numbers. This Faunalytics study looks at the general public's beliefs about these animals, and what those beliefs mean for advocacy.
PENGARUH PEMBATASAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Norkhalifah Syahrida
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk memenuhi tugas yang diberikan pada mata kuliah filsafat umum sekaligus untuk memaparkan informasi tentang pengaruh pembatasan interaksi sosial di masa pandemi covid 19 pada anak usia dini. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kajian literatur. Data yang dikumpulkan diambil dari beberapa sumber seperti jurnal. Kesimpulan yang didapat dari pengumpulan data pada artikel ini adalah pembatasan interaksi sosial sangatlah memiliki dampak bagi anak usia dini, karena anak membutuhkan interaksi sosial untuk bisa membangun karakternya dan interaksi sosial merupakan salah satu hal yang memiliki peran penting dalam proses perkembangan sosial maupun moral pada anak.
Is Trump a Symptom or a Cause? Economic, Political and Ideological Foundations of the COVID-19 Outbreak in the United States (First Draft)
Authors: Cui Zhihan , Wu Sherry Jueyu , Liu Lu , Ding Yu , Talhelm Thomas , English Alexander Scott , Wu Eileen , Molden Daniel C.
Published: January 2021

The US is amongst the worst-performing countries at combating COVID-19. And within the US, red (Republican) states have significantly higher cases per capita than blue (Democratic) states. We use cross-country, state, and county-level data to provide a comprehensive analysis of economic, political, and psychological factors contributing to these differences. An inferior social safety net and American conservatism systematically correlate with the realization and effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing and mask wearing from April to September. Economic inequality and weak social safety nets drive the economically vulnerable to work outside their homes, increasing mobility and reducing social distancing during early stages of the pandemic. Conservative ideology, anti-intellectualism, and evangelicalism drive people to politicize social distancing and mask wearing. Both factors predict a premature reopening in many states, and have a strong correlation with the drifting of COVID-19 epicenters to red states over the course of 2020. These factors have more explanatory power than partisanship in the first half year of the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States. However, from October on, closer to the presidential elections, partisanship is a better predictor of anti-COVID measures and explains well the regional variances of confirmed cases across states and counties. This indicates that partisanship is not the solely important factor in determining COVID-19 response and outcome, but its impact is likely to have been magnified as time goes by.
Framing mental health questions using context better predicts disability than does frequency
Authors: Krishnakumar Anirudh , Scopel Hoffmann Mauricio , Schoeller Felix , Clucas Jonathan Charles , Son Jake , Müller-Naendrup Lena , Salum Giovanni , Milham Michael , Lindner Ariel , Klein Arno
Published: January 2021

Most mental health questionnaires only probe behavior and emotion over one domain (e.g., frequency) by using an adverbial phrase such as 'How often...?'. This single-domain approach to behavior sampling may limit the scope of psychiatric evidence that these instruments can capture. We investigated whether adding domains such as intensity, duration, ability and context to mental health survey instruments garner responses that better characterize or measure relevant symptoms or behaviors, testing its association with relevant outcomes. We tested whether our multidomain instrument could be associated with hospitalization, self-harm, education, and disability. 1,504 participants took an augmented version of the SWAN questionnaire (‘SWAN+’), where 4 domains were added to the ability domain already present (frequency, duration, intensity, and context). First, we used structural equation models and the tri-factor modelling to analyze if the latent construct of domains was independently associated with the outcomes. Our results suggest that adding domains such as frequency and context could help characterize disability beyond the domain originally probed by the SWAN questionnaire. Different domains had different predictive effects across outcomes measured in the study. We also complemented results from the tri-factor modelling with a more classical approach, by performing regressions on the summed scores on each domain and the entire scale, adjusted by age and gender. Second, analyses were performed to identify the best predictor domain within each question to predict disability. Significant results were found for the ability and context domains on practically all questions (p<0.001), revealing that they are important for almost all questions, whereas frequency is predictive for only a subset of them. This confirmed the results of the tri-factor analysis demonstrating the clinical utility of our findings. It also indicated that context is more predictive than frequency, that ability and context should be uniformly applied, and that the ubiquitous frequency phrasing is not uniformly as informative in our study.Overall, our results suggest that the ‘multidomain’ approach to questionnaires may improve inferences about mental health and predictions of functional outcomes. Framing questions using appropriate and relevant domains seems critical to measure psychopathology adequately, as opposed to asking solely about the frequency or recurrence of any given symptom.
Correlates of Creativity: An Association Between Creativity, Personality, and Intelligence
Authors: Sadana Divya , Gupta Rajnish Kumar , Jain Sanjeev , Kumaran S Senthil , Rajeswaran Jamuna
Published: January 2021

The present study aimed to explore the association between creativity, intelligence, and personality. Sixty dextral healthy volunteers in the age range of 20-40 years were recruited for the study and administered tests for fluid intelligence (Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices), personality (Big Five NEO-FFI), and divergent thinking (Wallach & Kogan Creativity Test). Findings revealed that intelligence and openness to experience were significantly and positively correlated with fluency, flexibility, and originality dimensions of creativity. The multiple regression analysis suggested openness and fluid intelligence as significant predictors for creativity which entails that individuals who are more open to new experiences continue integrating new and diverse information to their subsisting repertoire of experiences, when intelligently assimilated with contextual and emotional stimuli could provide more varied and novel responses to divergent thinking tasks.
The rise of income and the demise of class and social status? A systematic review of measures of socio-economic position in stratification research
Authors: Barone Carlo , Hertel Florian R. , Smallenbroek Oscar
Published: January 2021

How we measure social position is vital to our ability to account for different aspects – imagined or real – of the stratification order. This research note surveys applied research and quantifies differences in the way researchers study stratification. It analyses all research articles published from 2015-2019 in the five most-cited sociological journals and ISA RC28's official publication. We focus on empirical articles with a substantive focus on occupation-based stratification. Empirically, we observe a dominance of income as a measure for social position. Social class is a close second trailed by status, prestige, and desegregated occupational measures. Among social class measures, researchers prefer EGP-like schemas and apply them as a paradigmatic "one-size-fits-all" measure in diverse fields of application.
Professional Rights of the teachers in private Schools in Nepal
Authors: Chatkuli Shyam Bahadur
Published: January 2021

The teachers of self-financed schools in Nepal have professional rights or not’ is the subject of the study. All the rules, regulations, and acts including the constitution should be professional or occupational friendly for a developing country. The teaching profession in private schools like Nepal is a very significant job because of producing manpower without devouring government budget. The teachers must have the rights to enjoying professional rights. Recently private schools teachers are in the condition of dissatisfaction of their job and demanding to implement social security fund. Until and unless working people can’t enjoy the professional rights, a country cannot be the democratic socialist country because of exploitation. It remains as a feudal society as it was in the ancient times where owners remain as masters and teachers remain as slaves. To produce self-respect citizens from private schools, all the teachers of self-financed schools must enjoy professional right because they work with brains, not with registers and machines. The investigation of this study is the teachers and their professional rights in all types of private and institutional self-financed schools in Nepal. Both the qualitative and quantitative i.e. mixed method has been applied. This study has explored that teachers from private schools are prohibited from enjoying professional rights.
PROBLEMATICS AND AFFILMATION OF KAHARINGAN RELIGION IDENTITY DURING INTEGRATION INTO HINDU DHARMA
Authors: Etika Tiwi -
Published: January 2021

This article is the result of a research on the Kaharingan problematic issues of religious identity after being integrated into Hindu Dharma. During the â€˜New Orderâ€™ (President Soeharto's government) Kaharingan religion was not included in one of the religions served by the state. The issue of state recognition and the ease of obtaining civil services for Kaharingan adherents are strong reasons for Kaharingan religious leaders to integrate Kaharingan as part of Hinduism. The research raises the issues: (1) how is the process of integrating Kaharingan religion into Hindu Dharma? (2) what are the implications of such integration? and, (3) how is the existence of Kaharingan religious identity as the original â€˜Dayak tribe religionâ€™ after integration into Hindu Dharma in the future? This study aims to portray the existence of Kaharingan religion during integration into Hindu Dharma. This type of research is qualitative-descriptive with the method of collecting data through observation and interviews with religious leaders and administrators of religious institutions namely the Hindu Kaharingan Grand Council (MB-AHK), as well as an analysis of documents related to the object of research. Theories used in this research are integration theory, identity theory and locality theory. The integration process has implications for various fields, ranging from education, social, religious, economic, political upto cultural identity. The future challenges of Kaharingan are: internal conflict, a dilemma of distortion from third parties and stigmatization as one of the Hindu Dharma sects.
The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice
Authors: Ismail Soraya , Syed Ahamed Pakeer Oothuman , Maung Khin Maung
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Globally, snakebite cases are estimated to be around 5 million annually affecting mainly the poorer countries like Africa and Asia, and in 2009 WHO has categorized it as a ‘neglected tropical disease’. Currently the standard treatment for snake envenomation  is the anti-snake venom therapy, which is expensive, poor supply and species specific. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of using Tamarindus indica seed extract (TSE) to inhibit the in-vitro and in-vivo effects of snake venom of three snakes; namely Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli. Methods: Methanolic extract of TSE was used.  In-vitro enzymatic inhibition study i.e phospholipase A2, proteolytic and phosphomonoesterase were studied.  In-vivo acute subcutaneous (SC) toxicity of TSE in ICR mice was conducted. Study on the SC TSE inhibition of lethality was also conducted. Results: Findings from enzymatic inhibition studies showed that, TSE was able to significantly reduce (p<0.05) all three enzymatic activities. SDS-PAGE experiment showed disruption of protein bands when venom reacted with TSE. No signs of toxicity were observed over 4 weeks when mice were exposed to SC TSE 60mg/20g except for superficial skin ulcers.  Histological examination of the liver, both kidneys and skin showed no changes when compared to the control group.  TSE was able to increase the mice survival rate. Conclusions: The study shows that SC TSE was safe to be injected up to 60mg/20g and has the potential to delay the effects of venoms from O. hannah, N. kaouthia and D. russelli.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand Stimulates Migration And Proliferation Of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Baharom Madia Baizura , Md. Azahri Nor Saadah , Kaderi Mohd. Ariffin , Mamat Suhana
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis (TRAIL) has the ability to inhibit angiogenesis through programmed cell death, in the same time able to promote pro-angiogenic activity. It seems that TRAIL has an opposite effects make its role in ischemic disease and its function in a normal cell is still unclear. This study determines the effect of TRAIL in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs). Materials and Methods: In this study, 6 wells in vitro Scratch Assay were conducted for migration and Cellltiter 96® Aqueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay (MTS) was performed for proliferation. In both assays, cells were serum arrested for 24, 48 and 72 hours, following stimulation with different concentration (1ng/ml, 20ng/ml, 50ng/ml and 100ng/ml) and different volume (20µL and 100µL) of TRAIL. PDGF-BB was used as positive control. Results of PDGFBB and TRAIL were compared with untreated VSMC. Results: It Is demonstrated that 100µL of 50ng/ml TRAIL-induced VSMC shows significant (p < 0.05) higher migration rate percentage compared to untreated cells, included 100µL of 20ng/ml PDGF-BB after 48 hours. However, in proliferation assay, the lowest concentration of TRAIL (1ng/ml, 20µL) shows significantly higher proliferation rate compared to untreated cells after 24 hours (p < 0.05) meanwhile PDGF-BB (1ng/ml, 20µL) indicates significant higher proliferation after 48 hours. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that TRAIL promotes the VSMC migration and proliferation in vitro. This indicates that migration and proliferation of VSMC upon vascular injury from media to intima not only involves PDGF-BB, but also TRAIL. Therefore, TRAIL contributes to intimal thickening that can lead to the obstruction of the blood vessels and it is a hallmark of atherosclerosis.
Ethical Issues on using Invertebrates in Environmental and Biomedical Practices – A Case Study on Living Fossil Horseshoe Crab
Authors: B Akbar John , Sheikh Hassan I. , Shogar Ibrahim , A.H Abdurrezak , B.Y Kamaruzzaman, , K.C.A Jalal, , Razali Ailin
Published: January 2021

Increasing utilization of living animals in ecological and biomedical research has drawn serious concerns in terms of animal welfare and ethical practices in animal handling. Significant attention has been given to animals of higher taxonomical hierarchy especially vertebrates such as fishes, rodents, reptiles and mammals, while ethical framework on invertebrate handling and welfare is less addressed (except for cephalopods). The definition of ‘Animal’ itself by any international consortia or Animal Research Act (ARA) does not include invertebrates as an animal entity. This is due to the lack of standard ethical framework to understand the pain and other physiological stress experienced by the invertebrate test animal. One such example would be the living fossil ‘horseshoe crab’ which is extensively bled to obtain its blue blood that is used for endotoxin quantification in biological samples. The biomedical bleeding itself leads to 15-30% post bleeding mortality of crabs, while pain and stress caused by the bleeding practice is not studied. Hence, this paper discusses the technicality of establishing standard framework for invertebrate handling. The paper also highlights the shari’ah (Islamic law) principles on scientific experimentations on animal subjects, particularly the norms related to the adoption of invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practice. Comprehensive review of ethical regulations in animal experiments, especially invertebrates, would be beneficial for revising and improving existing animal ethical practices.
Colonic Perforation in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Case Report
Authors: AAziz Mohd Fahmi , Mahno NE , CM Siti Kamariah , MZ Mohd Nazli
Published: January 2021

We aim to report a rare case of colonic perforation post percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and its conservative management. We report a 63-year-old Malay, thalassemia carrier male who underwent an uncomplicated left PCNL for a left renal stone. On second postoperative day, clinically evidence of subcutaneous emphysema. Serial CXR imaging confirmed presence of air under diaphragm. Small colonic perforation was diagnosed which subsequently developed localized collection retroperitoenally. He was successfully treated with non-operative management including intravenous antibiotic, surgical drainage and good nutrional has successfully support healed the collection. Serial CT renal protocol showed a healed retroperitoneal collection and patient made a good clinical recovery. PCNL has promising stone clearance rate. However, it carries complications. A rare yet important complication; colonic perforation is a serious complication that if detected earlier, good clinical recovery can be achieved conservatively.
Trauma to a Hepatoblastoma: A Case Report
Authors: Muhamad Zaki Mohd Latiff Iqramie , Sukiman Hamzah , Arasappan Mohanaprakash KR , Ahmad Ariff Iskandar
Published: January 2021

We are reporting a case of previously undiagnosed hepatoblastoma in a healthy child, who presented acutely in a post-traumatic setting. We reported a 7-year-old boy, with no previous medical history, presented with gradual worsening abdominal pain following an episode of trivial trauma to the abdomen two weeks prior. He was anaemic at presentation, and had a distended abdomen with a tender enlarged liver. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed a grossly enlarged left lobe of the liver, within which was an organized hematoma. Serum alphafetoprotein (α-FP) was raised significantly. The liver injury was managed conservatively and the child recovered well. He is set to undergo staging scans and further workup, in anticipation of subsequent systemic therapy. Though exceedingly unlikely in older children, the diagnosis of hepatoblastoma should be entertained in those with an enlarged liver with a clinical presentation masquerading as a ‘straightforward’ liver injury.
Developing a Framework to Improve the Training of Medical Practitioners in Doctor-Patient Communication Toward Enhancing Societal Well Being
Authors: Ariffin Adlina , Mat Zin Nora , Abd Manaf Aini Maznina , Mahmud Murni
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Doctor-patient communication is a crucial, unique yet complex relationship in clinical practice due to its therapeutic qualities. With the current emphasis on patient-centred care and patient autonomy, medical practitioners are not only expected to possess clinical and biomedical knowledge but also the skills to develop a therapeutic doctor-patient relationship. Nevertheless, this expectation proves to be an uphill battle to physicians as evidenced from patient complaints which among others include lack of appropriate non-verbal behaviours, absence of paralinguistic elements, lack of trust and empathy. Moreover, unsatisfactory doctorpatient communication has been identified as one of the major elements in litigation cases in the medical field. One fundamental factor which leads to this predicament is the ineffective training of communication skills at the medical schools. Hence, this project aspires to develop a training model on doctor-patient communication skills based on patient-centred approach. The model will give more emphasis on the linguistics and psychosocial aspects of communication. Materials and method: Utilising both qualitative and quantitative approaches i.e. survey, observation, interview, psychological profiling, persona analysis and document analysis, the project aims to identify 1) the key communicative features and 2) the key clinical and psychosocial features to be incorporated in the model. It will then operationalise these features to conceptualise an expert assistance system which shall be used in the training of future physicians. The study will be conducted at the IIUM Kulliyyah of Medicine and it will involve medical students at the undergraduate level. Conclusion: The findings from this proposed research are significant in improvising and enhancing the current training on communication skills provided at the medical schools. With a more ‘humane’ approach to training, indirectly, it will increase the effectiveness in the delivery of health care and achieve sustainability in good health and well-being (SDG3) of the nation.
Oral Health Related Quality of Life Among Adult Patients Attending Periodontal Clinic in Kuliyyah of Dentistry IIUM Kuantan
Authors: Husain Juzaily binti , Mohd Farah Natasha , Said Abdul Hadi , Yaacob Munirah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: There was lack of local study assessing the oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) of patients with periodontal diseases. Hence, this study aims to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors in adult patients who were diagnosed with gingivitis and periodontitis. Material and method: This was a cross sectional study conducted from May to December 2018 among 100 participants attended Periodontal Clinic, Kulliyyah of Dentistry of International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) using purposive sampling methods. Clinical parameters of participants were recorded by a single examiner then followed by a selfadministered questionnaire using the validated short version of Oral Health Impact Profile(S-OHIP) (Malay) to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors. The OHRQOL of participants were reported using mean and standard deviation. The factors associated with OHRQOL were determined using independent t-test and Spearman correlation test. Results: The mean score for S-OHIP was 14.73 ± 9.24. Participants with periodontitis have higher S-OHIP score compared to those with gingivitis. There were significant association between OHRQOL and underlying diabetes mellitus, self-perceived oral health status and self-perceived oral health satisfaction with p value < 0.05. This shows that those with underlying diabetes mellitus have higher S-OHIP score indicated poorer OHRQOL. Meanwhile, those who perceived they have either good or very good oral hygiene and satisfied with their oral health have lower S-OHIP score indicated better OHRQOL. Conclusion: This study found that periodontal diseases have significant association with the OHRQOL. Therefore, reinforcement of oral health education by the dentists is crucial.
Psoriasis - A Report of Disease Mimicry
Authors: Shalihin Mohd Shaiful Ehsan , Abd Rahman Mohd Aizuddin
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic, noncontagious, multifactorial inflammatory skin condition that has several subtypes. Therefore, prior to actual diagnosis, it may mimics other similar illnesses. In acute condition, it typically presents with erythroderma macules associated with pain and itchiness rather than  hypopigmented and numbness lesions that supposedly occurs in post-treatment or post-acute phase, rather than as initial presentation. Case report: We report a case of 18-year-old girl, who presented with nonspecific localized hypopigmented rash over her forehead and scalp associated with numbness for three weeks duration. She had no itchiness or rashes elsewhere. She had no history of atopy or recent exposure to new cosmetics. She had no joint pain or hair loss. She had no recent contact with anyone with similar lesion. No significant similar history among family members. Clinically, there is reduced in both soft touch and pin-prick sensation over affected areas. We refer this case to dermatologist with possibility of leprosy in view of her reduced sensation over the lesion. To our surprise, the skin biopsy revealed supportive points towards psoriasis. She responds well towards coal tar and topical corticosteroids-the first line treatment of psoriasis. Her numbness has also resolved. This case highlights that psoriasis do presents with localized numbness in which its diagnosis should be take into consideration before confining the disease towards leprosy only.
Pilgrims' Health Screening Profile from a FELDA Settlement in Pekan, Pahang
Authors: Kamaruzaman Nor Azam
Published: January 2021

Introduction:  Good physical health or  istitha’ah  is one of the  shariah  requisite to perform hajj pilgrimage. Hence, passing the health screening is mandatory for the pilgrim to-be in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to describe the pilgrims’ health screening profile from a FELDA settlement in Pekan, Pahang. Materials and method: All 26 candidates from Chini’s FELDA cluster who were selected for hajj pilgrimage in 2017 underwent health screening at a nearby health clinic. Data from this health screening were analysed descriptively using SPSS software version 23.0. Results: Candidates consists of 11 men and 15 women aged between 48 to 86 years with the mean age of 61. Result showed that both sexes have comparable mean age and body mass index. Most of the candidates (88.5%) have at least 1 chronic medical problem (excluding overweight) while 54% have at least 2 or more medical problems. Women have higher prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) conditions namely obesity, hypertension, and diabetes (40%, 60%, and 40%) compared to men (27%, 45% and 36% respectively). This figure is higher than 2015 national figure for age specific: 50 years group (obesity 36.6%, hypertension 49.3%, diabetes 27%). In addition, 20% of the women also have anaemia while none in men. Conclusion: Majority of the candidates in this group are elderly and have at least two chronic medical problems. Women have higher prevalence of NCD and anaemia than men. Thus, based on the findings, early and focused pilgrims’ health screening especially among elderly female is essential and appropriate action should be taken in order to reduce risk for morbidity and mortality during hajj pilgrimage.
Comparison of Immediate Effects Oon Usage of Dual Polymer Artificial Tears on Changes in Tear Film Characteristics
Authors: Che Arif Fatin Amalina , Hilmi Mohd Radzi , Mohd Kamal Khairidzan , Ithnin Mohd Hafidz
Published: January 2021

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of artificial tears (AT) instillation on tear film quality and quantity utilising two dual polymer artificial tears; Systane Hydration preservative (SH) and non-preservative (SHUD) in 60 minutes observation period compared to normal saline.  Materials and methods:  One hundred eyes of 50 participants involved in this prospective, double-masked randomised study. Viscosity and pH of both AT were evaluated using Rheometer and digital pH-meter respectively prior to tear film characteristics assessment. Tear break-up time (TBUT) and tear meniscus height (TMH) were measured at baseline, 5, 15 and 60 minutes after instillation. Tear ferning pattern (TFP) were compared between baseline and 60 minutes after instillation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effects of both AT instillation. Independent T-test was employed to compare between the two groups (SH vs SHUD) for each specific time-interval. P-value of 0.05 was set as the level of significance. Results: The viscosity of SH and SHUD was 0.0267Pa.s and 0.03273Pa.s respectively with pH of 7.85 for SH and 7.74 for SHUD. Both AT showed significant increment in TBUT between baseline and 15 minutes (SH: 5.82 ± 1.063,  p = 0.01; SHUD: 6.02 ± 0.979,  p<0.001), and 60 minutes (SH: 6.22 ± 0.616, p<0.001; SHUD: 6.34 ± 0.658, p<0.001). SHUD demonstrated significant increment in TMH at every measurement taken (0.1996 ± 0.02449,  p<0.001 at 5min, 0.2038 ± 0.02276,  p<0.001 at 15min and 0.2068 ± 0.02094, p<0.001 at 60min). Likewise, in SH group, significant increment in TMH at 15 minutes (0.1994 ± 0.02325,  p < 0.001) and 60 minutes (0.2012±0.02379,  p<0.001) were noted. With regards to TFP, both groups revealed improvement in TF grading (both,  p<0.001) at 60 minutes. No significant improvement was noted in control group. Conclusion:  Both SH and SHUD improved tear film characteristics at 60 minutes following instillation. However, SHUD is more effective as faster improvements were noted in all intended parameters.
Can Doctors Be App Developers? Our Experience As Medical Educators
Authors: Liang Goh Kian , Noor Rahin Mohd Shahidan , Abdul Razak Ardilla Hanim , Awang Mohd Shukrimi
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Smartphone and mobile apps have become an indispensable companion in our modern-day living and working environment. In the medical field, web browsers and medical apps have transformed the medical practice as the most current knowledge, best practices, medical references, and calculators are available instantaneously at our fingertips. However, these functionality and usage are limited by the creativity and imagination of the app developers. To overcome these limitations, doctors should think out-of-the-box and educate themselves to be appdevelopers to create functional and useful apps in their field. Our aim was to create medical apps from ground-up independently without formal software development training. Material and method:  Hybrid app technology is a popular method for creating apps for newbies due to the familiarity with web browsers. We explore the IonicÂ© Framework which is a free and open-source front-end with good resources and documentation. This programming technology assumes that everyone has experience with web browsers and the modern browsers essentially run on three technology stacks which are Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), JavaScript and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). The HTML is a standard markup language for web browser while JavaScript is a scripting language for running commands and functions. The CSS is used for describing how HTML elements should be displayed. Results: We successfully published three apps on the Apple AppStore and Google Play, namely, OrthoBoard©, OpList and OOLH. Based on our experience of designing, coding, testing and deploying the apps, it is not impossible for medical doctors to achieve this goal and utilizing the app-development skills as an armamentarium for teaching, learning, and medical practice tools. Conclusions: App development is an essential skill especially for medical educators to leverage the technological advancement in their teaching and learning as well as medical practice in tandem with our nations’ aspiration towards Education 4.0.
Kim był patriota w języku propagandy PRL? Analiza użyć leksemu patriota i jego derywatów w tekstach „Trybuny Ludu” z 1985
Authors: Kłosińska Katarzyna
Published: January 2021

Pierwsza część tekstu stanowi krótkie omówienie pojęcia patriotyzmu – ukazuje jez różnych perspektyw poznawczych. W zasadniczej części zaprezentowana jest semantyczno-pragmatyczna analiza użyć leksemów patriota, patriotyzm, patriotyczny, patriotyczniew tekstach „Trybuny Ludu” z 1985 r. Jako metodę badawczą przyjęto analizę fasetową(aspektową), polegającą na wyodrębnieniu kategorii cech przypisywanych desygnatowii ukazaniu ich charakterystyki w obrębie każdej kategorii. Celem analizy było wydobyciekonceptualnego wariantu znaczenia leksemu patriota. Starano się przy tym wskazaćna jego uwarunkowania wynikające z wymogów propagandy PRL (konieczność wypełnieniarytuału oraz perswazja przy nikłej wartości informacyjnej).
An Analytical study of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi’s Intellectual Development and Composition of Risale-i Nur (a Thematic Qur’ānic Exegesis)
Authors: Majeed Dr. Shumaila
Published: January 2021

The current study analyses Bediuzzaman Said Nursi’s life and contributions. It presents a short description of his early life, education and dissatisfaction with the then prevailing education systems. This is followed by an analysis of his intellectual development due to rapidly changing circumstances. The paper also presents an insight into Nursi’s representative work ‘Risale-i Nur’ through an analysis of its structure and methodology. This is significant because his intellectual development, due to changes in his circumstances, played an instrumental role in determining the style, method and objectives of Risale. Hence, the study of his intellectual development is imperative to understand the objectives of Risale. The findings of the paper revealed that Nursi’s approach to reform the Muslim society was not stagnant. In the ‘Old Said’ phase, he attempted to neutralize the decline in Muslim community through sociopolitical reforms. The ‘New Said’ phase was marked by his efforts to strengthen belief, encounter anti-religious ideologies and detachment from politics. In the ‘Third Said’ phase, he again took interest in sociopolitical matters but it was limited to the theoretical realm with no practical involvement. The study also found that the structure of Risale, its treatment of subjects and its methodology are its distinguishing features. It consists of the elements well-suited to the needs of the time to save Islamic belief against the onslaught of atheistic ideologies. The current research was conducted using the qualitative approach. It is beneficial for academia in understanding the intellectual development of this great 20th century Turkish Muslim scholar.
Perceptions of Bankers towards Issues of Islamic Banking in Pakistan
Authors: Rozeen Shaukat  , Dr. Muhammad Asif Naveed
Published: January 2021

This study intended to investigate the current issues in the regulation of Islamic banking from the perspective of Islamic bankers in Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey of 165 bankers, recruited through stratified convenient sampling procedure, working at different Islamic banks in Lahore was conducted using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were applied using SPSS for data analysis. The results indicated that a large majority of the survey participants had postgraduate level of education, experience from 6-15 years, and belonged to either middle management or senior management. These participants perceived that limited role of policy institutions, gap in theory and practice, poor perception of people about Islamic banking, lack of short-term and long-term avenues, regulators’ preference of Shariah auditing rather than Shariah supervision, lack of financial services availability/branch networks, limited product offerings, non-availability of IB courts to resolve disputes, non-availability of research centres for Islamic banking, lack of trained staff, shortage of training opportunities and inadequacy of the curriculum for Islamic banking were the key issues faced by Islamic banking in Pakistan. However, the least issues that Islamic bankers faced were related to IB institutional and regulatory structures. The results generated evidence based pragmatic insights for policymakers and regulators in making strategic decisions for the development and growth of Islamic banking in Pakistan. This research makes a worthy contribution to the existing literature as no such study has addressed particularly the regulatory issues of Islamic banking in Pakistan.
A Comparative Study of the Personality Formulates of Ghazali and Freud
Authors: Hanna-e-Kalbi  , Dr. Tahira Basharat
Published: January 2021

This research is a comparative study of the types of nafs and the types of personality described by Ghazali and Freud, respectively. Types of personality described by Ghazali are al-nafs al-ammara, al-nafs al-lawwama and al-nafs al-mutma'inna. The types of personality according to Freud are id, ego and super-ego. Other faculties that help in training or shaping the types of nafs are rooh (soul), qalb (heart), and aql (mind). They also play a vital role in the functioning of id, ego and super-ego.

This article defines the above mentioned types of personality presented by both Ghazali and Freud. It also discusses their functions encompassing their differences and similarities and strives to find out if they complement each other. It was found that there is much similarity in both types of personality formulates. Id and nafs ammarah are the same, while nafs lawwama was found to be comprising both ego and super-ego. However, the concept of nafs mutma’innah is found only in Islamic theology.

Thematic and comparative study methods of qualitative research were used in this research. This is a literature based study. Ghazali’s study is based on the Qur’an and Sunnah. Hence, Ihya’ ‘Uloom-id-Deen and The Ego and The ID remain the major sources of this study.
The school class of the third millennium: The citizen– consumer and the “proximity student”
Authors: Chiappa Paolo del
Published: January 2021

Agenda 2030, with its objective 4 (Quality Education) transversal to all the others (17 in total), formally underline that through this objective we can develop a real Global Citizenship Education and Development Education and in practice a New Society. We are in the ﬁeld of Fundamental Rights, so new constitutional spaces and channels are favouring and the scientiﬁc evidence shows that they will favour more in the medium and long term, an effective collaboration between actors in the design of GCE and DE.
Leches a base de plantas: Almendras
Authors: Torna Elena , Rivero-Mendoza Daniela , Dahl Wendy J.
Published: January 2021

La leche de almendras, una alternativa a la leche de origen vegetal, se produce a partir de almendras y agua. La leche de almendras tiene su origen en la región mediterránea y se consume desde hace muchos años. En los Estados Unidos, hay varias marcas comercializadas de leche de almendras. Esta publicación describe el perfil de nutrientes y los posibles beneficios y riesgos para la salud de la leche de almendras.

This new 3-page publication of the UF/IFAS Food Science and Human Nutrition Department is the Spanish version of FSHN20-48/FS410. Written by Elena Torna, Daniela Rivero Mendoza, and Wendy J. Dahl.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs423
Analisis Variasi Konsentrasi Asam Sulfat sebagai Aktivasi Arang Aktif Berbahan Batang Tembakau (Nicotiana Tabacum)
Authors: Amirudin Mohammad , Novita Elida , Tasliman Tasliman
Published: January 2021

Pemanfaatan tembakau selama ini terfokus pada daun tembakau. Bagian lain dari tembakau seperti batang tembakau belum banyak dimanfaatkan. Batang tembakau memiliki kandungan selulosa, lignin, hemiselulosa, dan total organik karbon relatif tinggi yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai arang aktif. Aktivasi secara kimia menggunakan asam sulfat karena memiliki dampak positif terhadap daya jerap arang aktif. Riset ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemberian konsentrasi asam sulfat terhadap pembuatan arang aktif berbahan batang tembakau. Riset ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan membandingkan penambahan konsentrasi H2SO4 6%, 8%, 10% pada pembuatan arang aktif batang daun tembakau dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali pada setiap perlakuan. Analisis data dengan metode analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut Tukey pada taraf α ≤ 0, 05. Hasil riset memperlihatkan bahwa konsentrasi H2SO4 pada pembuatan arang aktif batang tembakau berpengaruh pada variabel kandungan air, kandungan abu, kandungan zat terbang, kandungan karbon murni, serta energi serap iodium. Perlakuan terbaik dalam pembuatan arang aktif dari batang daun tembakau adalah dengan penambahan konsentrasi H2SO4 10%. Nilai kandungan air, kadar abu, kadar zat terbang, kandungan karbon terikat, dan daya serap iodium secara berurutan yaitu 0, 040%; 0, 035%; 0, 877%; 99, 088%; dan 99,405 miligram/gram.
PERKEMBANGAN NILAI AGAMA DAN MORAL (STTPA TERCAPAI)
Authors: Nurjanah Siti
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan nilai agama dan moral anak usia dini dalam mencapai STPPA dan untuk mengetahui apasaja yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan nilai agama dan moral anak usia dini dalam mencapai STPPA. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analitik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara kemudian subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswi Taman Kanak-Kanak ‘Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Sapen Yogyakarta  dengan nama Siti Aisyah Khaira. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perkembangan nilai agama dan moral subjek sudah tercapai sesuai dengan standar tingkat pencapaian perkembangan anak.
THE KATSIR AND AL-MARAGHI MUQARAN TAFSIR Q.S. AL-ISRA ’: 1
Authors: - Nasokah
Published: January 2021

Tafsir Muqaran is the interpretation of the Qur'an that compares the interpretation of some verses. Lafadz muqarran comes from the Arabic word: (المقارنة) which means comparison. • The al-muqarran interpretation method that the writer intended here is as known to al-Farmawi as a method of interpretation of the Qur'an by introducing verses of the Qur'an 'written by a number of muqirirs, wherein a mufasir compiled a number of verses of the Qur'an, then writes and examines the interpretation of a number of verses about the verse through their tafsir books. Are they interprets from the generation of salaf or khalaf, whether they are interpreted bi al-matsur, or tafsir bi ra'yi. • • In this case the writer will compare between Ibn Katsir's interpretation and al-Maraghi about Q.S. al-Isra ': 1. From the tafsir method of al-muqarran here the writer wishes to examine and try to make a comparison of the direction and tendency between tafsir ibn katir and maraghi and try to analyze what is their background, so their tendency can be clearly seen whether it is only inclined with the aspects of i'rab and balaghah, stories and events that are irrational without aqli and naqli arguments, or a tendency to one of the schools or they are affected by ideas of natural science or other scientific theories.