bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracellular Interactors of the IGF System: Impact on Cancer Hallmarks and Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Mancarella Caterina , Morrione Andrea , Scotlandi Katia
Published: May 2024

Dysregulation of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system determines the onset of various pathological conditions, including cancer. Accordingly, therapeutic strategies have been developed to block this system in tumor cells, but the results of clinical trials have been disappointing. After decades of research in the field, it is safe to say that one of the major reasons underlying the poor efficacy of anti-IGF-targeting agents is derived from an underestimation of the molecular complexity of this axis. Genetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional and functional interactors interfere with the activity of canonical components of this axis, supporting the need for combinatorial approaches to effectively block this system. In addition, cancer cells interface with a multiplicity of factors from the extracellular compartment, which strongly affect cell destiny. In this review, we will cover novel extracellular mechanisms contributing to IGF system dysregulation and the implications of such dangerous liaisons for cancer hallmarks and responses to known and new anti-IGF drugs. A deeper understanding of both the intracellular and extracellular microenvironments might provide new impetus to better decipher the complexity of the IGF axis in cancer and provide new clues for designing novel therapeutic approaches.
Pathogenesis of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis/Macrophage Activation Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Gioia Chiara , Paroli Marino , Izzo Raffaella , Di Sanzo Lorenzo , Rossi Elisabetta , Pignatelli Pasquale , Accapezzato Daniele
Published: May 2024

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening condition characterized by the uncontrolled activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, NK cells, and macrophages, resulting in an overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. A primary and a secondary form are distinguished depending on whether or not it is associated with hematologic, infectious, or immune-mediated disease. Clinical manifestations include fever, splenomegaly, neurological changes, coagulopathy, hepatic dysfunction, cytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperferritinemia, and hemophagocytosis. In adults, therapy, although aggressive, is often unsuccessful. We report the case of a 41-year-old man with no apparent history of previous disease and an acute onset characterized by fever, fatigue, and weight loss. The man was from Burkina Faso and had made trips to his home country in the previous five months. On admission, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, increased creatinine and transaminases, LDH, and CRP with a normal ESR were found. The patient also presented with hypertriglyceridemia and hyperferritinemia. An infectious or autoimmune etiology was ruled out. A total body CT scan showed bilateral pleural effusion and hilar mesenterial, abdominal, and paratracheal lymphadenopathy. Lymphoproliferative disease with HLH complication was therefore suspected. High doses of glucocorticoids were then administered. A cytologic analysis of the pleural effusion showed anaplastic lymphoma cells and bone marrow aspirate showed hemophagocytosis. An Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) DNA load of more than 90000 copies/mL was found. Bone marrow biopsy showed a marrow localization of peripheral T lymphoma. The course was rapidly progressive until the patient died. HLH is a rare but usually fatal complication in adults of hematologic, autoimmune, and malignant diseases. Very early diagnosis and treatment are critical but not always sufficient to save patients.
Inflammation, Autoimmunity, and Infection in Fibromyalgia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Paroli Marino , Gioia Chiara , Accapezzato Daniele , Caccavale Rosalba
Published: May 2024

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic disease characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain of unknown etiology. The condition is commonly associated with other symptoms, including fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment, and depression. For this reason, FM is also referred to as FM syndrome. The nature of the pain is defined as nociplastic according to the latest international classification and is characterized by altered nervous sensitization both centrally and peripherally. Psychosocial conditions have traditionally been considered critical in the genesis of FM. However, recent studies in animal models and humans have provided new evidence in favor of an inflammatory and/or autoimmune pathogenesis. In support of this hypothesis are epidemiological data of an increased female prevalence, similar to that of autoimmune diseases, and the frequent association with immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. In addition, the observation of an increased incidence of this condition during long COVID revived the hypothesis of an infectious pathogenesis. This narrative review will, therefore, discuss the evidence supporting the immune-mediated pathogenesis of FM in light of the most current data available in the literature.
Reliablity and Security for Fog Computing Systems
Authors: Shiriaev Egor , Ermakova Tatiana , Bezuglova Ekaterina , Lapina Maria A. , Babenko Mikhail
Published: May 2024

Fog computing (FC) is a distributed architecture in which computing resources and services are placed on edge devices closer to data sources. This enables more efficient data processing, shorter latency times, and better performance. Fog computing was shown to be a promising solution for addressing the new computing requirements. However, there are still many challenges to overcome to utilize this new computing paradigm, in particular, reliability and security. Following this need, a systematic literature review was conducted to create a list of requirements. As a result, the following four key requirements were formulated: (1) low latency and response times; (2) scalability and resource management; (3) fault tolerance and redundancy; and (4) privacy and security. Low delay and response can be achieved through edge caching, edge real-time analyses and decision making, and mobile edge computing. Scalability and resource management can be enabled by edge federation, virtualization and containerization, and edge resource discovery and orchestration. Fault tolerance and redundancy can be enabled by backup and recovery mechanisms, data replication strategies, and disaster recovery plans, with a residual number system (RNS) being a promising solution. Data security and data privacy are manifested in strong authentication and authorization mechanisms, access control and authorization management, with fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) and the secret sharing system (SSS) being of particular interest.
Monitoring Variability in Melt Pool Spatiotemporal Dynamics (VIMPS): Towards Proactive Humping Detection in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Abubakr , Hassan Mahmoud , Lee Chi-Guhn , Sadek Ahmad
Published: May 2024

Humping is a common defect in direct energy deposition processes that reduces the geometric integrity of printed products. The available literature on humping detection is deemed reactive, as they focus on detecting late-stage melt pool spatial abnormalities. Therefore, this work introduces a novel, proactive indicator designed to detect early-stage spatiotemporal abnormalities. Specifically, the proposed indicator monitors the variability of instantaneous melt pool solidification-front speed (VIMPS). The solidification front dynamics quantify the intensity of cyclic melt pool elongation induced by early-stage humping. VIMPS tracks the solidification front dynamics based on the variance in the melt pool infrared radiations. Qualitative and quantitive analysis of the collected infrared data confirms VIMPS’s utility in reflecting the intricate humping-induced dynamics and defects. Experimental results proved VIMPS’ proactivity. By capturing early spatiotemporal abnormalities, VIMPS predicted humping by up to 10 s before any significant geometric defects. In contrast, current spatial abnormality-based methods failed to detect humping until 20 s after significant geometric defects had occurred. VIMPS’ proactive detection capabilities enable effective direct energy deposition control, boosting the process’s productivity and quality.
Influence of Carbon Source on the Buffer Layer for 4H-SiC Homoepitaxial Growth
Authors: Yang Shangyu , Guo Ning , Zhao Siqi , Li Yunkai , Wei Moyu , Zhang Yang , Liu Xingfang
Published: May 2024

In this study, we systematically explore the impact of C/Si ratio, pre-carbonization time, H2 etching time, and growth pressure on the buffer layer and subsequent epitaxial layer of 6-inch 4H-SiC wafers. Our findings indicate that the buffer layer’s C/Si ratio and growth pressure significantly influence the overall quality of the epitaxial wafer. Specifically, an optimal C/Si ratio of 0.5 and a growth pressure of 70 Torr yield higher-quality epitaxial layers. Additionally, the pre-carbonization time and H2 etching time primarily affect the uniformity and surface quality of the epitaxial wafer, with a pre-carbonization time of 3 s and an H2 etching time of 3 min found to enhance the surface quality of the epitaxial layer.
A Novel Method for Preparing Lightweight and High-Strength Ceramisite Coarse Aggregates from Solid Waste Materials
Authors: Xiong Xin , Wu Zhi , Jiang Pengcheng , Lai Min , Cheng Guanghai
Published: May 2024

A novel method is introduced in this study for producing ceramisite coarse aggregates that are both lightweight and possess high strength. The process involves utilizing fly ash as the primary material, along with coal ash floating beads (CAFBs) that have high softening temperature and a spherical hollow structure serving as the template for forming pores. This study examined the impact of varying particle size and quantity of floating beads on the composition and characteristics of ceramisite aggregates. Results showed that the high softening temperature of floating beads provided stability to the spherical cavity structure throughout the sintering process. Furthermore, the pore structure could be effectively tailored by manipulating the size and quantity of the floating beads in the manufacturing procedure. The obtained ceramisite aggregates feature a compact outer shell and a cellular inner core with uniformly distributed pores that are isolated from each other and mostly spherical in form. They achieve a low density ranging from 723 to 855 kg/m3, a high cylinder compressive strength between 8.7 and 13.5 MPa, and minimal water absorption rates of 3.00 to 4.09%. The performance metrics of these coarse aggregates significantly exceeded the parameters specified in GB/T 17431.1-2010 standards.
Fenton-like Degradation of Methylene Blue on Attapulgite Clay Composite by Loading of Iron–Oxide: Eco-Friendly Preparation and Its Catalytic Activity
Authors: Karim Naveed , Kyawoo Tin , Jiang Chao , Ahmed Saeed , Tian Weiliang , Li Huiyu , Feng Yongjun
Published: May 2024

The continuous discharge of organic dyes into freshwater resources poses a long-term hazard to aquatic life. The advanced oxidation Fenton process is a combo of adsorption and degradation of pollutants to detoxify toxic effluents, such as anti-bacterial drugs, antibiotics, and organic dyes. In this work, an activated attapulgite clay-loaded iron-oxide (A-ATP@Fe3O4) was produced using a two-step reaction, in which attapulgite serves as an enrichment matrix and Fe3O4 functions as the active degrading component. The maximum adsorption capacity (qt) was determined by assessing the effect of temperature, pH H2O2, and adsorbent. The results showed that the A-ATP@Fe3O4 achieves the highest removal rate of 99.6% under optimum conditions: 40 °C, pH = 3, H2O2 25 mM, and 0.1 g dosage of the composite. The dye removal procedure achieved adsorption and degradation equilibrium in 120 and 30 min, respectively, by following the same processes as the advanced oxidation approach. Catalytic activity, kinetics, and specified surface characteristics suggest that A-ATP@Fe3O4 is one of the most promising candidates for advanced oxidation-enrooted removal of organic dyes.
Marine Cytotoxin Santacruzamate A Derivatives as Potent HDAC1-3 Inhibitors and Their Synergistic Anti-Leukemia Effects with Venetoclax
Authors: Hao Wanting , Wang Leyan , Xu Tongqiang , Jia Geng , Jiang Yuqi , Qin Chong , Li Xiaoyang
Published: May 2024

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by infiltration of the blood and bone marrow, exhibiting a low remission rate and high recurrence rate. Current research has demonstrated that class I HDAC inhibitors can downregulate anti-apoptotic proteins, leading to apoptosis of AML cells. In the present investigation, we conducted structural modifications of marine cytotoxin Santacruzamate A (SCA), a compound known for its inhibitory activity towards HDACs, resulting in the development of a novel series of potent class I HDACs hydrazide inhibitors. Representative hydrazide-based compound 25c exhibited concentration-dependent induction of apoptosis in AML cells as a single agent. Moreover, 25c exhibited a synergistic anti-AML effect when combined with Venetoclax, a clinical Bcl-2 inhibitor employed in AML therapy. This combination resulted in a more pronounced downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL, along with a significant upregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein cleaved-caspase3 and the DNA double-strand break biomarker γ-H2AX compared to monotherapy. These results highlighted the potential of 25c as a promising lead compound for AML treatment, particularly when used in combination with Venetoclax.
Fucoidan from Lessonia trabeculata Induces Apoptosis through Caspase Dependent and Caspase-Independent Activation in 4T1 Breast Adenocarcinoma In Vitro
Authors: Cruz Riquelme Raisa Teresa , Colona-Vallejos Erasmo Honorio , Alzamora-Gonzales Libertad , Condori Macuri Rosa María
Published: May 2024

Experiments conducted on triple-negative breast cancer have shown that fucoidan from Lessonia trabeculata (FLt) exhibits cytotoxic and antitumor properties. However, further research is necessary to gain a complete understanding of its bioactivity and level of cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic effect of FLt was determined by the 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was analyzed using annexin V and caspase 3/7 staining kit and DNA fragmentation. In addition, transcriptional expression of antiapoptotic (Bcl-2 and XIAP) and proapoptotic (caspase 8, caspase 9, and AIF) genes were analyzed in TNBC 4T1 cells. After 72 h of culture, the IC50 for FLt was 561 μg/mL, while doxorubicin (Dox) had an IC50 of 0.04 μg/mL. In addition, assays for FLt + Dox were performed. Annexin V and caspase 3/7 revealed that FLt induces early and late-stage apoptosis. DNA fragmentation results support necrotic death of 4T1 cells. Similarly, transcripts that prevent cell death were decreased, while transcripts that promote cell death were increased. This study showed that FLt induces apoptosis by both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent mechanisms. These findings suggest that FLt may have potential applications in breast cancer treatment. Further research will provide more information to elucidate the mechanism of action of FLt.
Sudden Vision Loss as the First Sign of Sepsis—Bilateral Endogenous Endophthalmitis of Uncommon Capnocytophaga canimorsus Etiology
Authors: Łątkowska Małgorzata , Gajdzis Małgorzata , Turno-Kręcicka Anna , Kręcicka Julia , Mimier-Janczak Małgorzata , Górczyńska Izabela , Kaczmarek Radosław
Published: May 2024

We present a case of bilateral endogenous endophthalmitis with an extremely rare etiology of Capnocytophaga canimorsus. A 42-year-old asplenic patient with bilateral deterioration of visual acuity presented to the Emergency Department. The sudden deterioration of visual acuity, which prompted the patient to visit the ophthalmologist, was the first sign of the onset of sepsis. The physicians’ attention, in addition to poor visual acuity and intense inflammation on ophthalmologic examination, was drawn to the reported flu-like symptoms. They were accompanied by high C-reactive protein results and abnormalities in echocardiography. A blood culture isolated the bacterium Capnocytophaga canimorsus. Immunocompromised patients are particularly susceptible to C. canimorsus infection. Endophthalmitis of this etiology has a very aggressive course, both ophthalmic and systemic. Therefore, quick diagnosis and initiation of adequate therapy are crucial.
Comparison of Coagulation-Integrated Sand Filtration and Ultrafiltration for Seawater Reverse Osmosis Pretreatment
Authors: Li Qingao , Xie Lixin , Xu Shichang , Zhang Wen
Published: May 2024

The removal of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from seawater before the reverse osmosis (RO) processes is crucial for alleviating organic fouling of RO membranes. However, research is still insufficiently developed in the comparison of the effectiveness of integrating coagulation with ultrafiltration (UF) or sand filtration (SF) in the pretreatment stage of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) for the removal of DOM. In this study, we investigated the effect of pretreatment technologies on RO fouling caused by DOM in seawater, including the integration of coagulation and sand filtration (C-S pretreatment) and the integration of coagulation and ultrafiltration (C-U pretreatment). Both integrated pretreatments achieved comparable DOM removal rates (70.2% for C-U and 69.6% for C-S), and C-S exhibited enhanced removal of UV-absorbing compounds. Although C-U was more proficient in reducing the silt density index (below 2) compared to C-S (above 3) and improved the elimination of humic acid-like organics, it left a higher proportion of tyrosine-protein-like organics, soluble microbial by-product-like organics, and finer organics in the effluent, leading to the formation of a dense cake layer on RO membrane and a higher flux decline. Therefore, suitable technologies should be selected according to specific water conditions to efficiently mitigate RO membrane fouling.
Highly Responsive and Self-Powered Photodetector Based on PtSe2/MoS2 Heterostructure
Authors: Li Haoran , Yang Zhibin
Published: May 2024

In recent years, 2D materials and their heterostructures have started to offer an ideal platform for high-performance photodetection devices. In this work, a highly responsive, self-powered photodetector based on PtSe2/MoS2 van der Waals heterostructure is demonstrated. The device achieves a noteworthy wide band spectral response from visible (405 nm) range to the near infrared region (980 nm). The remarkable photoresponsivity and external quantum efficiency up to 4.52 A/W, and 1880% are achieved, respectively, at 405 nm illumination with fast response time of 20 ms. In addition, the photodetector exhibits a decent photoresponsivity of 33.4 mA/W at zero bias, revealing the photodetector works well in the self-driven mode. Our work suggests that a PtSe2/MoS2 heterostructure could be a potential candidate for the high-performance photodetection applications.
Simplification of Dietary Treatment in Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy: Impact of C8 and C10 Fatty Acids on Sirtuins of Neuronal Cells In Vitro
Authors: Rühling Miriam Rebekka , Hartmann Hans , Das Anibh Martin
Published: May 2024

Pharmacotherapy is the therapeutic mainstay in epilepsy; however, in about 30% of patients, epileptic seizures are drug-resistant. A ketogenic diet (KD) is an alternative therapeutic option. The mechanisms underlying the anti-seizure effect of a KD are not fully understood. Epileptic seizures lead to an increased energy demand of neurons. An improvement in energy provisions may have a protective effect. C8 and C10 fatty acids have been previously shown to activate mitochondrial function in vitro. This could involve sirtuins (SIRTs) as regulatory elements of energy metabolism. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ß-hydroxybutyrate (ßHB), C8 fatty acids, C10 fatty acids, or a combination of C8 and C10 (250/250 µM) fatty acids, which all increase under a KD, could up-regulate SIRT1, -3, -4, and -5 in HT22 hippocampal murine neurons in vitro. Cells were incubated for 1 week in the presence of these metabolites. The sirtuins were measured at the enzyme (fluorometrically), protein (Western blot), and gene expression (PCR) levels. In hippocampal cells, the C8, C10, and C8 and C10 incubations led to increases in the sirtuin levels, which were not inferior to a ßHB incubation as the ‘gold standard’. This may indicate that both C8 and C10 fatty acids are important for the antiepileptic effect of a KD. A KD may be replaced by nutritional supplements of C8 and C10 fatty acids, which could facilitate the diet.
Boosting Prefrontal Brain Responsiveness by Interoceptive Attentiveness during Synchronized Breathing, Motor, and Cognitive Task
Authors: Angioletti Laura , Balconi Michela
Published: May 2024

Background: this study explored the prefrontal cortex (PFC) hemodynamic variations produced by the association of an Interoceptive Attentiveness (IA) condition with a simple breath, motor, and cognitive synchronization task. Methods: 18 healthy individuals performed different synchronization activities (breath, motor, and cognitive) under both IA and control conditions, while levels of oxygenated (O2Hb) and deoxygenated hemoglobin were measured using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). Results: findings revealed higher O2Hb levels in the prefrontal brain region during the experimental condition (IA) in contrast to the control condition. Notably, this difference was particularly evident during the cognitive task as opposed to the other tasks (breath and motor). In contrast, no significant differences were found for the PFC lateralization effect. Conclusions: This evidence holds potential for rehabilitation professionals suggesting that the combination of deliberate attention to the breath and a cognitive synchronization task (such as a vocal exercise executed simultaneously) could boost PFC responsiveness.
The Cognitive Reserve May Influence Fatigue after Rehabilitation in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Secondary Analysis of the RAGTIME Trial
Authors: Balzeri Ambra , Lamberti Nicola , Baroni Andrea , Basaglia Nino , Bergonzoni Antonella , Stablum Franca , Manfredini Fabio , Straudi Sofia
Published: May 2024

Cognitive reserve (CR) seems to be an ability to adapt cognitive processes in response to brain disease and may influence rehabilitation outcomes. This is a secondary analysis of the “Robot-Assisted Gait Training versus conventional therapy on mobility in severely disabled progressive MultiplE sclerosis patients” (RAGTIME) trial to investigate the influence of CR on the outcomes after gait rehabilitation in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). We included 53 PwMS and severe gait disability (EDSS 6–7). The participants were randomized into two groups to receive either robot-assisted gait training or overground walking (three times/week over four weeks). CR was evaluated by the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq), which encompasses three sections (CRI Education, CRI Working Activity, and CRI Leisure Time). We stratified the patients using the 115 cut-off CRIq total score of at least a medium-high CR. The outcome measures were Timed 25-Foot Walk, 6 min walking test, Berg Balance Scale, Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale—29, Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale—12, Patient Health Questionnaire—9, and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). After gait rehabilitation, the FSS was significantly improved in those patients with higher CR compared with the others (F = 4.757, p = 0.015). In our study, CR did not affect the gait, balance, disability perception, and depression. Conversely, it positively influenced the fatigue after gait rehabilitation.
Will AI Become a Threat to Higher Education Sustainability? A Study of Students’ Views
Authors: Okulich-Kazarin Valery , Artyukhov Artem , Skowron Łukasz , Artyukhova Nadiia , Wołowiec Tomasz
Published: May 2024

Universities started to use artificial intelligence (AI) tools to improve the quality of higher education services. However, the rapid adoption of AI tools in higher education (HE) may lead to sustainability issues. On the one hand, there are prerequisites for using AI tools to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4). On the other hand, as consumers of educational services (stakeholders), students have their own opinions about using AI in the educational process. The purpose of this study was to explore students’ opinions on the use of artificial intelligence tools in higher education. The authors analyzed student responses to the question: “Do you think AI threatens higher education in the next five years?” The authors formulated this question based on the definition of “a safe learning environment”, which is associated with a “safe” learning environment (SDG 4.3). The authors made use of a literature review, a bibliometric analysis of 5000 sources, a survey of 1104 students from eight universities in Eastern Europe through cloud technologies to host a special electronic questionnaire, statistical processing of questionnaires, and testing of statistical hypotheses. The authors formulated and tested two pairs of competing statistical hypotheses. Finally, the authors obtained three new scientific facts based on the respondents’ answers. New scientific facts were obtained using a standard level of statistical hypothesis testing (α = 0.05). The main scientific fact is that 10.17% to 35.42% of students think that Artificial Intelligence threatens higher education. According to student opinions, AI may hurt the sustainability of higher education (SDG 4.3). The authors are confident that new scientific facts help conceptualize and promote didactic theory and practice. The study results are needed to predict, plan, and implement organizational, pedagogical, and methodological measures aimed at SDG 4.3 through a “safe” learning environment while further expanding the use of AI in higher education.
Mit Nachhaltigkeit gegen den Fachkräftemangel
Authors: Loeppke Yannick , Zöller Jan , Semrau Thorsten
Published: May 2024

Die Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive der EU fordert von Unternehmen eine Transformation in Richtung ökologischer Nachhaltigkeit. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird untersucht, ob eine Nachhaltigkeitsorientierung im Unternehmen und ihre Verankerung in zentralen Elementen des Personalmanagements auch ein Instrument zum Gewinnen und Binden von Fachkräften sein kann. Die Frage lautet: Inwiefern beeinflussen HR-Systeme und das Verhalten der Führungskräfte, die auf ökologische Nachhaltigkeit ausgerichtet sind, die Empfehlungsbereitschaft der Mitarbeitenden? Anhand einer Onlinebefragung unter 342 Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmern wird diese Beziehung mit statistischen Methoden analysiert. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass HRSysteme und Führungskräfte mit Fokus auf ökologische Nachhaltigkeit die Empfehlungsbereitschaft der Mitarbeitenden steigern. Der Beitrag schlägt außerdem Maßnahmen zur Gestaltung von HRSystemen und Führung vor.
Kritisches Organisationsdesign
Authors: Meisinger Norman
Published: May 2024

Akteure, Organisationen und selbst ihre Produkte gleichen sich einander über vertikale und horizontale Konvergenzprozesse an. Als Konsequenz weisen Unternehmen hinter all ihren Innovations- und Alleinstellungsbemühungen ein nahezu identisches Grundgerüst auf, das nach einem vereinheitlichten Bauplan konstruiert ist. Unternehmen mit einem kritischen Organisationsdesign zeigen jedoch, dass es sich dabei um eine bloße Mainstream-Erscheinung handelt und auch Alternativen tragfähig sind.
Nachhaltig scheitern
Authors: Kords Udo
Published: May 2024

Einerseits wird unglaublich viel über Nachhaltigkeit gesprochen. Auf der anderen Seite bleiben die erzielten Verbesserungen hinter dem, was notwendig wäre, deutlich zurück. Grunde dafür können eine fehlende Handlungsbereitschaft und Problemignoranz sein. Vielfach hat es auch mit dem Verständnis von Nachhaltigkeit zu tun, das beeinflusst, wie den multiplen ökologischen Herausforderungen begegnet wird. Nachhaltigkeit ist komplex und der Raum für Missverständnisse entsprechend groß. Das richtige Grundverständnis ist ausschlaggebend für eine problemadäquate Vorgehensweise und letztendlich für den Erfolg einer Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, einige Missverständnisse zu benennen und Unternehmen einen Impuls zu geben, ihre Handlungsansätze und die Überzeugungen, die dahinterstehen, kritisch zu prüfen.
Experiment »Gegenwartskasse«
Authors: Mölleney Matthias , Sachs Sybille , Röösli Franz , Wüthrich Hans A.
Published: May 2024

Die »Gegenwartskasse« ist ein innovatives Konzept, das es Mitarbeitenden ermöglicht, berufsbegleitend sinnvolle persönliche und firmenbezogene Projekte zu planen und umzusetzen. Bei dieser Initiative verschwimmt die Grenze zwischen Arbeits- und Lebenszeit. Das Konzept basiert auf der Erkenntnis, dass Menschen von Natur aus nach Sinn streben und ihre Fähigkeiten für einen Beitrag zur Gesellschaft einsetzen möchten. Die Teilnahme an der Gegenwartskasse ist freiwillig und ermöglicht es Organisationen, sinnstiftende Initiativen zu fördern und zur gesellschaftlichen Transformation beizutragen. Die Gegenwartskasse fördert auch die Reflexion über den Unternehmenszweck und hat positive Auswirkungen auf das Corporate Branding und das Employer Branding. Das Konzept wird derzeit als Prototyp getestet, mit dem Ziel, es auf weitere Unternehmen auszuweiten und eine breitere Diskussion und Einführung in Organisationen anzustoßen.
Low Prevalence of Anti-HBc Antibody and Lack of HBV DNA Among HBsAg-Negative Blood Donors in Iran: A Cross-sectional Study and Review of Literature
Authors: Hedayati-Moghaddam Mohammad Reza , Tehranian Farahnaz , Mosavat Arman , Miri Rahele , Ahmadi Ghezeldasht Sanaz
Published: May 2024

Background: Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) refers to the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the serum or liver of individuals who tested negative for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). This study aimed to determine seropositivity for antibodies against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) and the frequency of OBI among the HBsAg non-reactive blood donors in Mashhad, northeastern Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, serum samples of HBsAg-negative blood donors were examined for anti-HBc during June and August 2018. Anti-HBc-positive samples were tested for antibodies against HBsAg (anti-HBs), and those with negative results were classified as isolated anti-HBc cases. The presence of HBV DNA in the C, S, and X gene regions was assessed by a qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method in all HBsAg-negative samples. OBI subjects were detected by the presence of at least one HBV genomic region. Results: Of 540 HBsAg-negative donors, 29 (5.4%; 95% confidence interval: 3.6–7.6%) showed seroreactivity for anti-HBc, of whom 18 individuals were also seropositive for anti-HBs. All donors showed negative results for all three HBV genes regardless of their serum anti-HBc status. Conclusion: Based on our findings, we suggest routine screening of Iranian blood donation volunteers for serum anti-HBc and anti-HBs but not HBV DNA.
Dermoscopic Visualization of Actinic Keratosis in Routine Dermato-Oncology Practice
Authors: Нестеренко А.В. , Полянская А.Г.
Published: May 2024

Актинический кератоз является наиболее распространенной патологией кожи, характеризуется развитием различной степени выраженности атипии кератиноцитов с риском трансформации в плоскоклеточный рак. В настоящее время с целью проведения дифференциальной диагностики широко используется клинический визуальный осмотр или выполнение биопсии с целью морфологической верификации. На основании литературных данных в статье рассматриваются аспекты и преимущества метода неинвазивного дермоскопического исследования актинического кератоза, который прост в использовании, позволяет с прецизионной точностью проводить дифференциальную диагностику и может активно использоваться врачами-онкологами и дерматовенерологами в ежедневной практике на амбулаторно-поликлиническом уровне.

Actinic keratosis is the most prevalence skin lesion, characterized by the variable degree of keratinocyte atypia with the high risk of transformation into squamous cell carcinoma. Currently, clinical and histopathological examination is widely used for differential diagnosis. Based on the literature overview, the article presents the aspects and advantages of noninvasive dermoscopy examination method of actinic keratosis, which is easy to use, allows for precision differential diagnosis and can be actively used by oncologists and dermatovenerologists in daily practice in outpatient service.
Correction of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Psoriasis
Authors: Рахматов А.Б. , Медетова Ж.С.
Published: May 2024

При лечении 109 пациентов с различными формами псориаза был использован инъекционный метотрексат в дозе 15 мг в неделю в течение 8 недель, что позволило получить терапевтический эффект у 89 (81,7%) пациентов и улучшить показатели липидного обмена.

In the treatment of 109 patients with various forms of psoriasis, injectable methotrexate was used at a dose of 15 mg per week for 8 weeks, which allowed therapeutic effects in 89 (81.7%) patients and normalized lipid metabolism parameters.
Practical Aspects of Telogen Effluvium
Authors: Музыченко А.П.
Published: May 2024

Телогеновое выпадение волос является одной из самых распространенных причин алопеций. В основе патогенеза – множественные изменения в цикле развития волос. Телогеновая алопеция может проявляться острым или хроническим выпадением волос, у 34,2% пациентов сопровождаясь триходинией. В этой статье обсуждаются диагностические подходы и эффективные варианты лечения телогеновой алопеции.

Telogen effluvium is one of the most common causes of alopecia. Multiple alterations in the hair cycle have been proposed as the underlying mechanism. Telogen effluvium can present as acute or chronic hair fall with symptoms such as trichodynia in 34.2% of patients. In this article we discuss diagnostic approaches, and effective treatment options available for telogen effluvium.
PENGARUH CARA PEMBERIAN Trichoderma harzianum DAN DOSIS YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa. L)
Authors: Ruslan Muh , Muhanniah Muhanniah , Hasanuddin Fenny
Published: May 2024

Pemanfaatan T. harzianum menguntungkan, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dalam membantu pertumbuhan tanaman merupakan peluang yang sangat besar dalam melestarikan kesuburan dan produktivtas tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh cara pemberian T. harzianum pada pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah dan mengetahui pengaruh dosis T. harzianum pada pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2023 yang berlokasi di desa Bulo, kecamatan Panca Rijang, kabupaten Sidrap, adapun perlakuan dari penelitian ini yaitu c1 pemberian T. harzianum dengan cara penyemprotan, c2 pemberian T. harzianum dengan cara penyiraman, k0 tanpa T. harzianum (control), k125 gram T. Harzianum, k2 30gram T. harzianum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian T. harzianum dengan cara penyemprotan memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap panjang daun, jumlah daun, dan bobot umbi dan pemberian T. harzianum dengan dosis 30 gram memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap panjang daun, jumlah daun, dan bobot umbi
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPUASAN KELOMPOK TANI TERHADAP PENYULUH PERTANIAN DI KECAMATAN MARITENGNGAE
Authors: Hasanuddin Fenny , Salfiana Salfiana , Tang Jusman , Jaya Asri , Hidayat Arnur , Putra Heriansyah Dwi , Rusdianto Rusdianto
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan kelompok tani di Kecamatan Maritengngae terhadap penyuluh pertanian. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai bahan evaluasi kinerja penyuluh pertanian terhadap petani di Kecamatan Maritengngae dan untuk menambah wawasan pengetahuan individu dalam meningkatkan hasil usaha pertanian. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juni 2023 di Kecamatan Maritengngae, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus (case study),  dengan menggunakan metode simple random sampling (acak). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam  penelitian ini adalah observation participant dan wawancara mendalam (in depth interview) kepada  responden yang telah ditentukan, selain itu jenis data yang dikumpulkan yaitu data primer. Selanjutnya pengolahan dan analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu secara deskriptif  kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, bahwa didapatkan hasil tujuan : tingkat kepuasan kelompok tani di Kecamatan Maritengngae terhadap penyuluh pertanian sangat memuaskan dengan rata-rata penilaian petani dari hasil penelitian yaitu di atas 4,20 yang dikategorikan sangat puas. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja penyuluh pertanian sangat membantu petani dalam meningkatkan hasil pertaniannya
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS USAHA SELADA HIDROPONIK (Studi Kasus CV. SENAYAN HIDROPONIK KABUPATEN SIDENRENG RAPPANG)
Authors: Ainun Nurul , Padapi Astrini , Wulandary Ayu
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas profitabilitas budidaya tanaman selada dengan cara sistem Hidroponik pada CV. Senayan Hidroponik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Panreng, Kecamatan Baranti, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, berlangsung pada bulan Maret - April 2023. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Data kuantitaif merupakan data berupa angka-anggka berupa laporan keuangan (neraca dan laba rugi) dan rasio-rasio keuangan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menjelaskan kinerja keuangan CV. Senayan Hidroponik menggunakan rasio Profitabilitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh total biaya produksi CV. Senayan Hidroponik adalah sebesar Rp. 11.565.000. Penerimaan CV. Senayan Hidroponik adalah Rp 28.800.000, Return on Assests (ROA) yaitu 27%, Profit Margin = 16,9 %. Return on Equity (ROE) : 27%.
KINERJA DAN SALURAN PEMASARAN BERAS DI KECAMATAN SEBATIK BARAT PULAU SEBATIK
Authors: CW Dewi Elviana Cahyaning , MS Etty Wahyuni , Kusnandar Hasan Fahmi
Published: May 2024

Beras adalah makanan pokok yang penting bagi hampir seluruh masyarakat Indonesia. Perdagangan membentuk saluran distribusi beras dari petani ke konsumen. Struktur pasar yang terbentuk akan menentukan sistem penetapan harga komoditi yang dipengaruhi lembaga yang terlibat dan posisi lembaga tersebut pada pasar. Salah satu sentra pengembangan sektor pertanian di Pulau Sebatik adalah Kecamatan Sebatik Barat. Kecamatan Sebatik Barat merupakan wilayah pengembangan usahatani padi. Padi merupakan jenis komoditi yang baru dikembangkan oleh petani di Desa Binalawan, yang sebelumnya didominasi komoditi kelapa sawit dan kakao. Petani padi di Kecamatan Sebatik Barat umumnya bersifat subsisten dan menerima harga pasar. Keterbatasan pengetahuan kelayakan usahatani dan informasi pasar menjadi kelemahan yang memperlemah posisi tawar petani. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji struktur, perilaku, dan kinerja pemasaran beras di Kecamatan Sebatik Barat. Metode peneltian yang digunakan adalah sensus. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku pasar membentuk dua saluran pemasaran yaitu Saluran 1(petani – pedagang pengecer – konsumen akhir) Saluran 2(petani – pedagang pengepul – pedagang pengecer – konsumen akhir).  Secara umum, tingkat efisiensi pemasaran beras pada setiap saluran pemasaran yang terbentuk di Kecamatan Sebatik Barat termasuk dalam kategori efisien.
A DFT/TD-DFT Study on Pyridine-Anchored Schiff Base Molecules for DSSC Applications
Authors: Ayaz Melike , Erdoğdu Yusuf
Published: May 2024

The primary objective of this research is to examine the Schiff bases produced from pyridine-anchored molecules, with a specific focus on their potential utilization in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The electrical, spectroscopic, and photovoltaic properties of dyes incorporating a pyridine anchor were calculated utilizing DFT and TD-DFT methodologies. The geometries, electronic characteristics, and photovoltaic properties of the dyes under investigation were evaluated using DFT-B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) quantum chemical simulations. The excitation energies and UV-Vis spectra of the dyes have been computed utilizing the TD-DFT-B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) methodology and the conductor-like polarizable continuum model (C-PCM). The electron injection and dye regeneration processes are contingent upon the energy levels of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of these dyes. The investigation focused mainly on four fundamental components exhibiting robust interconnections and equivalent significance: light-harvesting efficiency (LHE), electron injection free energy (ΔGinject), and reorganization energy. The determined HOMO energy levels are observed to be lower than the redox potential, indicating that the suggested dyes possess the capability to acquire electrons from redox and successfully undergo dye regeneration. Furthermore, the LUMO of the dyes exhibits a more significant negative energy level in comparison to the conduction band of TiO2. Thus, it demonstrates that the transfer of electric charge from the LUMO level to TiO2 is thermodynamically favorable. The more considerable negative ΔGinject value obtained by calculation suggests that Dye-1 may have a higher ability to inject charge.
Resonanz in Familienzentren durch eine alltagsorientierte partizipative Ausrichtung ermöglichen!
Authors: Kägi Sylvia
Published: May 2024

Die Autorin richtet ihren Blick auf das Feld der Familienzentren und reflektiert den möglichen Stellenwert von Resonanz für die Realisierung einer alltagsorientierten und partizipativen Ausrichtung der Bildungs- und Entwicklungsprozesse in diesen Einrichtungen. (DIPF/Orig.)
Assessment of Basic Services and Handling of Infectious and Highly Infectious
Waste in Health Facilities
Authors: Khakimova Malika M. , Tursunov Rustam A.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Safe handling and disposal of medical waste are important aspects of ensuring epidemiological safety of medical activities.
Objective: To analyze performance of republican health facilities in rendering basic services for hazardous infectious and highly infectious waste management.
Materials and methods: This work is a part of a study of basic water, sanitation, and hygiene services rendered. The materials covered information about medical waste handling and management in 350 health facilities in terms of epidemiological safety. Data were collected from November 2020 to January 2021 using a checklist.
Results: In most healthcare facilities (56 %), medical wastes, both infectious and highly infectious, are properly separated into three containers: emergency, infectious, and non-infectious wastes. The most common problems observed were related to labeling or color, and compatibility, with the type of waste in the bins. Health facilities still use open burning or other forms of hazardous disposal (24 %). The process of disposal of hazardous and infectious wastes in healthcare facilities shows that safe waste handling is not ensured by the management. Provision of basic waste management services in the coverage areas is at a low level (in the Districts of Republican Subordination/Dushanbe – 35.8 %, in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region, Sughd and Khatlon Regions – 11.1 %, 43.3 %, and 36.4 %, respectively), which requires making urgent decisions and establishing procedures for the safe disposal of sharps and infectious wastes.
Conclusion: The study results revealed significant shortcomings and unsafe practices, as well as deviations from the basic level that ensures epidemiological safety in health facilities and protects health of patients and medical personnel.
DISCURSIVIDADES CONSTITUTIVAS DA FORMAÇÃO E DA IDENTIDADE DO PROFESSOR NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Da Cunha Reedijk Carolina , Fernandes Caixeta Geovane , Angélica Santana Monaliza
Published: May 2024

Este texto tem o objetivo de apresentar a incidência do discurso neoliberal na Educação e na formação de professores com o intuito de problematizar discursividades que constituem e fundamentam a formação e a identidade do professor na contemporaneidade. Por meio de uma perspectiva discursiva, evidencia-se que há uma tendência à naturalização de discursividades que, caso não sejam problematizadas, passam a ser consideradas verdades.
Instituto Federal em Extensão e Ação: Divulgação Científica para Combater Notícias Falsas Sobre a Covid-19
Authors: Araujo Brandão Raiane , Da Silva Souza Rafaelle , Barros Miranda Styves , De Araújo Rodrigues Laura
Published: May 2024

A Covid-19 gerou crise mundial na saúde pública e na economia, mas muitas universidades se engajaram para minimizar impactos negativos na sociedade. O projeto ‘Checker News’, do IFBA campus Seabra, propôs ação emergencial par a enfrentamento da pandemia. A ação envolve esforços colaborativos de extensionistas para assessorar e instruir a sociedade a combater a disseminação em massa de Fake News (Notícias Falsas). A iniciativa prossegue com objetivo de analisar a relevância da divulgação científica como mecanismo para minorar as consequências deletérias da veiculação de notícias falsas em época da pandemia do coronavírus. A pesquisa de caráter descritivo avaliou um perfil do Instagram cadastrado na área de Educação. A amostra foi estabelecida entre os meses de junho e julho, e foi observado aspectos fornecidos pela rede social: descoberta, interações, visitas ao perfil, cliques no site, seguidores, número de postagens, curtidas, salvos, compartilhamento, alcance. Os dados são analisados na perspectiva de compreender o impacto das ações do projeto. Este artigo descreve que a divulgação científica é necessária para o combate às Fake News sobre a covid-19 e a sociedade tem interesse por conteúdo produzido para esses fins, mas é preciso maiores incentivos para que os mesmos compreendam a importância da ciência. As ações não se encerram na divulgação, mas exigem responsabilidade social e cívica durante e após a pandemia e, portanto, o acesso ao conteúdo com rigor científico é fundamental.
New Horizons For Last Mile Delivery After The Coronavirus Novel
Authors: Rossi Croce Paulo , De Assis Rangel João José , Pereira Marcilio Nogueira Geísa
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 outbreak infected millions of people around the globe, forcing the people stay home. The new daily life became indoor shopping and the retailers had to adapt to this new reality, causing a high demand for the logistics. This paper presents the willingness of a post-pandemic medium-sized city consumers to adopt new modalities of delivery: reception boxes, delivery drones and crowdsourcing logistics. Through a survey with closed questions applied online to 401 people, the results indicated that younger people tend to buy more online than older ones. People with a higher education level also buys more online. It was possible to affirm that the popular opinion was positive towards experimenting these innovations and the presented results corroborates with the related research.