bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants With Neonatal Hypoglycemia
Authors: Goode Rachel H. , Rettiganti Mallikarjuna , Li Jingyun , Lyle Robert E. , Whiteside-Mansell Leanne , Barrett Kathleen W. , Casey Patrick H.
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Neonatal hypoglycemia has been associated with abnormalities on brain imaging and a spectrum of developmental delays, although historical and recent studies show conflicting results. We compared the cognitive, academic, and behavioral outcomes of preterm infants with neonatal hypoglycemia with those of normoglycemic controls at 3 to 18 years of age.

METHODS:

A secondary analysis of data from the Infant Health and Development Program, a national, multisite, randomized controlled longitudinal intervention study of long-term health and developmental outcomes in preterm infants. Of the 985 infants enrolled in the Infant Health and Development Program, 745 infants had glucose levels recorded. Infants were stratified into 4 groups by glucose level. By using standardized cognitive, academic, and behavioral assessments performed at 3, 8, and 18 years of age, we compared groups after adjusting for intervention status, birth weight, gestational age, sex, severity of neonatal course, race, maternal education, and maternal preconception weight.

RESULTS:

No significant differences were observed in cognitive or academic skills between the control and effected groups at any age. Participants with more severe neonatal hypoglycemia reported fewer problem behaviors at age 18 than those without hypoglycemia.

CONCLUSIONS:

No significant differences in intellectual or academic achievement were found between preterm infants with and without hypoglycemia. A statistical difference was found in behavior at age 18, with hypoglycemic children showing fewer problematic behaviors than normoglycemic children. This difference was not clinically meaningful. Using extended outcomes, our results are consistent with previous studies that found no significant neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in preterm-born children.
Teoria da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica: uma ferramenta de combate e punição a atos corruptivos prevista pela nova Lei Anticorrupção Brasileira – Lei 12.846/2013
Authors: Hubner Bruna Henrique , Leal Rogério Gesta
Published: November 2016

No seguinte estudo buscou-se, sem a intenção de esgotar o assunto, analisar a teoria da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, seu histórico, previsão legal e formas de aplicação, tendo em vista sua previsão expressa na Lei n.º 12.846/2013 – Lei Anticorrupção Brasileira. Ademais, far-se-á uma breve análise das teorias correlatas a da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica: teoria maior, teoria menor, teoria objetiva e teoria subjetiva. O método de abordagem utilizado foi o hipotético-dedutivo e como técnica de pesquisa, a bibliográfica. A escolha legislativa em prever a teoria da desconsideração foi feliz, pois ela pode coibir atos corruptivos na seara empresarial, bem como efetivar a aplicação das sanções prevista pela Lei Anticorrupção.
Exílio: aproximações entre uma educação popular e clandestina
Authors: Schulz Ângela Cristine , Oliveira Lucas Romeira de , Silveira Éder Da Silva , Moretti Cheron Zanini
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo resulta do trabalho cooperativo entre os projetos Educação Clandestina e Traição: uma história da educação dos comunistas no Brasil da Guerra Fria e Educação Popular e Pesquisa Ação-Participante: respostas descoloniais no contexto de transmodernidade na América Latina, durante o ano de 2015. Tratamos aqui, das reflexões resultantes da análise das obras escritas pelo educador brasileiro Paulo Freire, durante o tempo em que permaneceu em exílio, no Chile. Sob o prisma desta experiência, expressa em Educação como prática da Liberdade e Pedagogia do Oprimido, buscamos compreender como ocorreu a aproximação de educação popular e clandestina vivenciada no movimento de alfabetização que ficou conhecido como os Círculos de Cultura, planejados e executados por Freire e outros educadores, em várias regiões do Brasil, entre meados dos anos de 1950 e início da década de 1960.
Aproveitamento de torta do tabaco gerado na produção de biodiesel para a obtenção de bioplástico
Authors: Riça Larissa Brixner , Moraes Leonardo Bastos , Souza Diego De , Schneider Rosana De Cássia de Souza , Müller Maria Viviane Gomes
Published: November 2016

O poli 3-hidroxibutirato – P(3HB) – é o principal polímero da classe dos poli hidroxialcanoatos (PHAs), polímeros biodegradáveis sintetizados por microrganismos a partir de diversos substratos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi a produção de P(3HB) a partir do resíduo da extração do óleo da semente de tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) como substrato alternativo e de baixo custo para triagem de microrganismos produtores de P(3HB). O resíduo foi avaliado quanto a sua composição e beneficiado através de hidrólise. O hidrolisado foi utilizado em ensaio de fermentação com cepas bacterianas isoladas da Estação de Tratamento de Efluentes (ETE) da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC). Para visualização de inclusões lipofílicas nas células, indicadoras de acúmulo de P(3HB), utilizou-se coloração de Sudan Black. A extração do polímero do interior das células foi realizada utilizando-se clorofórmio e hipoclorito de sódio e o produto extraído foi analisado em espectrofotômetro. De 25 isolados, a cepa E10 foi a que apresentou melhor resultado frente à coloração de Sudan Black. A análise do produto obtido sugere que a E10 produziu PHAs utilizando o resíduo de tabaco, demonstrando seu potencial como substrato de baixo custo para crescimento microbiano e obtenção de biopolímeros.
O Agronegócio da Água
Authors: Oliveira Tamara Esteves de , Freitas David Santos de , Camfield Luis Henrique Ramos , Dill Matheus Dhein
Published: November 2016

A produção agrícola é uma das atividades que mais demanda água sendo necessária uma visão estratégica dos recursos hídricos, de forma que se mantenha a produtividade, sem comprometer a sustentabilidade hídrica desses sistemas. As novas tecnologias e a gestão de recursos naturais surgem para evitar desperdícios e adequar sua utilização. Frente a esta problemática, este artigo busca esclarecer os conceitos referentes à água e seu agronegócio, propondo uma visão ampla da questão e tentando aproximá-la do agronegócio brasileiro. Assim, é possível observar que em todos os produtos comercializados, desde alimentos, peças de vestuário e aparelhos eletrônicos, existe um consumo de água que não é demonstrado ao consumidor na embalagem, omitindo o verdadeiro impacto hídrico daquele produto. A pegada hídrica e terminologias, como a água virtual, são ferramentas que contribuem para amenizar problemas de escassez de água em diferentes regiões do mundo por meio do comércio internacional. Devido à característica cíclica da água, esse recurso sofre uma redução de sua disponibilidade utilizável frente a uma população crescente que carece de uma gestão adequada. Caso não sejam aprofundadas e aplicadas as ferramentas aqui dispostas pode não ser possível manter as condições de bem-estar e segurança que a sociedade tem almejado.
Responsabilidade Social e Ambiental: Análise dos Impactos Ambientais de Transporte dos Relatórios Anuais e de Sustentabilidade das Empresas Brasileiras
Authors: Vogt Mara , Degenhart Larissa , Rosa Fabricia Silva da , Hein Nelson
Published: November 2016

Este estudo objetiva analisar a responsabilidade social e ambiental das empresas brasileiras sobre os impactos ambientais de transporte evidenciados nos Relatórios de Sustentabilidade e Relatórios Anuais. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa por meio de análise documental. A população da pesquisa compreende as 100 empresas pertencentes ao Índice Brasil 100 e a amostra do estudo foi composta por 97 destas empresas. Foram verificados critérios e subcritérios com diferentes escalas sobre o aspecto transporte nos Relatórios Anuais e de Sustentabilidade no período de 2010 a 2013. Calculou-se o peso da informação por meio da entropia e após aplicou-se o método Displaced Ideal - DI para a elaboração dos rankings. A partir dos resultados, constatou-se que, no que tange ao ranking, as empresas que evidenciaram ao menos uma informação nos anos analisados sobre o aspecto transporte foram: Copel, CPFL Energia, Eletropaulo, Fibria, Natura, P. Açúcar e Petrobras. Conclui-se que, mesmo que as empresas analisadas apresentaram um aumento gradativo na divulgação de informações ambientais em seus relatórios de um ano para o outro, estas devem se preocupar e divulgar mais informações relacionadas ao aspecto transporte. Além disso, conclui-se que as empresas devem divulgar mais informações em relação aos critérios de avaliação dos impactos e sobre a redução de impactos no que tange às metas. Deste modo, é importante que as empresas divulguem suas informações ambientais sobre o aspecto transporte, com vistas a melhorar sua transparência e responsabilidade social e ambiental perante a sociedade.
Padrões de Distribuição e Ocorrência do Ictioplâncton no Médio Rio Xingu, Bacia Amazônica, Brasil
Authors: Zacardi Diego Maia , Ponte Silvana Cristina Silva da
Published: November 2016

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a abundância e distribuição do ictioplâncton na região da ‘Volta Grande do Xingu’, Pará, Brasil. As coletas foram realizadas em 04 campanhas durante as fases do ciclo hidrológico local, distribuídas em 16 estações de amostragens. Foram capturados 95 ovos e 398 larvas de peixes, classificadas em 25 táxons, pertencentes a 05 ordens, 16 famílias, 19 gêneros e 18 espécies, dentre as quais 09 são utilizadas como fonte de renda, alimento e subsistência da população local. A maior captura de ovos e larvas foi observada no período noturno, especialmente em locais próximos a bancos de areia, boca de lagos e ao longo dos tributários. Os dados evidenciaram um padrão sazonal, em que a elevada abundância do ictioplâncton esteve relacionada ao pulso de inundação e a pluviosidade local, as demais variáveis (T°, pH, OD e condutividade) também influenciaram de forma diferentemente a distribuição do ictioplâncton. Os resultados revelaram que a área estudada é utilizada como área de desova, criação e dispersão de ovos e larvas de uma variedade de espécies de peixes, evidenciando a necessidade de sua preservação.
Consumo da Carne Suína no Brasil: Aspectos Simbólicos como Determinantes dos Comportamentos
Authors: Marçal Danilo Alves , Abreu Rodrigo Caetano de , Cheung Thelma Lucchese , Kiefer Charles
Published: November 2016

O Brasil é o quarto maior produtor e exportador mundial de carne suína. Entretanto, a ingestão per capita nacional é baixa quando comparada ao volume anual consumido em outros países. Levando-se em consideração os aspectos nutricionais positivos da ingestão dessa proteína em detrimento daquelas que são mais consumidas, bem como o destaque da eficiência brasileira em todos os elos dessa cadeia produtiva, interessou-se nesta revisão de literatura por identificar as diferentes motivações alegadas pelos consumidores quanto à sua inclusão ou rejeição na dieta. Considerando os aspectos simbólicos ligados à incorporação da “carne de porco”, justificados nos artigos pesquisados, concluiu-se necessário que campanhas promocionais sejam pensadas com o objetivo de esclarecer a população quanto às atuais e modernas técnicas de produção, à qualidade nutricional da carne suína, à condição sanitária e à facilidade do seu preparo. Faz-se importante que o comensal perceba a carne suína de modo diferente. Tal percepção será resultado da informação fornecida ao consumidor por meio dos rótulos e campanhas publicitárias.
Contemporary Challenges of Democratisation and Development in Africa
Authors: Olayode Kehinde
Published: November 2016

The end of the cold war and the triumph of liberalism after the collapse of the Soviet Union had a reverberating effect on the wave of democratisation that swept through most parts of the developing world, including Africa. In spite of the euphoria of the third wave of democratisation, the economic condition in Africa looks grim. Africa’s traditional importance as a supplier of raw materials has diminished with competition from synthetic substitute and suppliers in Asia, Latin America and the former Soviet Republics. Also, in the current wave of massive capital movements to the ‘emerging markets’, Africa remains marginal. The paper argues that while democracy is usually seen as a ‘harbinger of development’, it is also recognised that the enthronement of democracy becomes more improbable in a harsh economic environment. This is to say that while democracy enhances development, it is in itself distressed by acute poverty, which threatens the very survival of individuals. While transitions towards democracy do not guarantee rapid economic development and improved human right situations, democracy should however create a window of opportunity where groups struggling for development and human rights would have better possibilities than before for realising their demands. Concluding, any efforts by Western donor countries or the IMF and the World Bank to impose political conditionality to encourage democratisation in Africa will result in mere window dressing. There is also the possibility of unstable democracies arising from a conflict between those who want to complete the democratisation process and those who want to halt it for failing to deliver the much-desired goods. The paper is a review of dynamism of contemporary democratic movements amidst different challenges in Africa. It is undertaken exploring different perspectives through desk review, theoretical interrogations and analysis of relevant data.
An Analysis of Long Run Determinants on Domestic Private Investment in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Diabate Nahousse
Published: November 2016

This study aims to model the long run determinants of domestic private investment in Côte d'Ivoire. Advanced econometric technique of Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach is employed. Data from our study covers the period from 1970 to 2012. The results indicate that public investment, foreign direct investment, trade are the major determinants of short run and long run domestic private investment in Côte d'Ivoire while the real GDP growth rate and the interest rate are statistically insignificant. Thus, efforts should be geared to the development of necessary public investments in infrastructure such as supply constant electricity, good highways and elimination of the negative effects of external shocks engendered by the investment uncertainty and the deterioration of terms of trade.
The Impact of Forestry on The Economy of The State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Akhter Nasim , Akram Sabahat , Khilji Bashir Ahmed , Hussain Shahid
Published: November 2016

In this paper a study was carried out to assess the contribution and impact of forestry resource on the economy of the State of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, as 42% of the total area is covered by forests. To conduct the study both secondary and primary data was used. Secondary data was collected from different public sector concerned departments. Primary data was collected through a comprehensive questionnaire from 212 selected respondents by using convenience sampling of 3 Forest Divisions which were 16% of total targeted population. Multiple Regression Model was applied by using last twenty years secondary data of ten sectors of the economy. The value indicates goodness of fit of the model. The results show that forestry resources are an important contributor to the state’s National Income. The study recommends concerted efforts and integrated policy making to conserve the fragile eco system of mountainous areas like AJK. The primary and secondary data reveals that 16000 people are availing job opportunities through forestry resource.
Ordenamiento Territorial Como Propuesta De Desarrollo Económico Local Estudio De Caso: Propuesta De Plan De Desarrollo Y De Ordenamiento Territorial Para El Cantón Alausí, Componente Económico Productivo
Authors: Bernal Catalina Margarita Verdugo , Riera Ángela Paulina Rivera , Sampedro Otto Fernando Balseca , Nuñez Edwin Fernando Viteri , Layedra Jaime Robert Guevara , Moyota Paulina Beatriz Díaz , Guerra Juan Hugo Rodríguez
Published: November 2016

An economic development and land use planning proposal for Alausí County, Chimborazo was created as part of this research. The research started with an analysis of the current situation in the productive area of the county. With the help of participative workshops, it was possible to identify principal problems and opportunities; these topics helped in the definition of development strategies. Alausí is a rural area with 76% employment. Most are engaged in farming activities on sandy loam soils with slopes ranging from 15 to 45 degrees. Despite the ruggedness, 39% of the area is appropriate for farming activities, in which the principal products are barley, corn, potato, and fresh milk. Access to technology is a principal barrier to economic growth and profitability in production. It is recommended that the municipality of Alausí implement various projects identified by this research in order to capitalize on the productive area of the county and to improve quality of life.
Under-reporting of Adverse Events in the Biomedical Literature
Authors: Kostoff Ronald N.
Published: November 2016

Purpose

To address the under-reporting of research results, with emphasis on the under-reporting/distorted reporting of adverse events in the biomedical research literature.

Design/methodology/approach

A four-step approach is used: (1) To identify the characteristics of literature that make it adequate to support policy; (2) to show how each of these characteristics becomes degraded to make inadequate literature; (3) to identify incentives to prevent inadequate literature; and (4) to show policy implications of inadequate literature.

Findings

This review has provided reasons for, and examples of, adverse health effects of myriad substances (1) being under-reported in the premiere biomedical literature, or (2) entering this literature in distorted form. Since there is no way to gauge the extent of this under/distorted-reporting, the quality and credibility of the ‘premiere’ biomedical literature is unknown. Therefore, any types of meta-analyses or scientometric analyses of this literature will have unknown quality and credibility. The most sophisticated scientometric analysis cannot compensate for a highly flawed database.

Research limitations

The main limitation is in identifying examples of under-reporting. There are many incentives for under-reporting and few dis-incentives.

Practical implications

Almost all research publications, addressing causes of disease, treatments for disease, diagnoses for disease, scientometrics of disease and health issues, and other aspects of healthcare, build upon previous healthcare-related research published. Many researchers will not have laboratories or other capabilities to replicate or validate the published research, and depend almost completely on the integrity of this literature. If the literature is distorted, then future research can be misguided, and health policy recommendations can be ineffective or worse.

Originality/value

This review has examined a much wider range of technical and non-technical causes for under-reporting of adverse events in the biomedical literature than previous studies.
Application of optimization methods for improved electrical metrology
Authors: Cundeva-Blajer Marija
Published: November 2016

In electrical quantities metrology numerous examples of stochastic processes exist and a need for optimal solutions is posed. Here stochastic genetic algorithm optimization is used for solving two typical metrological problems: 1) minimization of the metrological parameters (final accuracy) in the design process of instruments and 2) predicting metrological reference standard’s time-drift, i.e. re-calibration interval. The first case is the optimal metrological design of a combined instrument transformer and the second case is the analysis of resistance standard time-drift.
Technology Update: Magnetic Resonance-While-Drilling System Improves Understanding of Complex Reservoirs
Authors: Kuptsov Kirill , Griffiths Roger , Maggs David
Published: November 2016

Technology Update

Reservoirs consisting of heterogeneous carbonates and shaly sands pose formation evaluation challenges for conventional logging-while-drilling (LWD) measurements. Widely used resistivity, density, neutron porosity, and sonic measurements are all sensitive to both the formation matrix and the fluids, which may create ambiguities in the evaluation of reservoir fluids.

The Schlumberger proVision Plus magnetic resonance-while-drilling (MRWD) technology offers enhanced evaluation capabilities. By manipulating the hydrogen atoms in the fluids, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods provide a focused measurement of fluid properties and their interactions with the surrounding matrix at a fundamental level. The technology provides a more complete, real-time assessment of producibility in complex reservoirs.

Evolution of the Technology

The industry has used NMR technology for formation evaluation for more than 25 years, during which significant technical and operational developments have greatly enhanced its capabilities and applications. In porous media, NMR techniques reveal pore and fluid properties by exciting the nuclear states of hydrogen-containing molecules in the formation fluids and measuring the relaxation times for the induced excited energy states.

The relaxation time for a molecule near a pore wall surface tends to be much faster than that for a molecule in the bulk fluid volume. A distribution of all the relaxation times, known as a T2 distribution, can be used to derive both irreducible and producible fluid volumes, and an improved estimation of permeability. These measurements are also important for identifying bypassed pay zones and estimating production rates.

The first NMR tools were deployed on wireline after the hole had been drilled, which added rig time and cost to the operation and did not allow for real-time changes to the wellbore’s trajectory. Schlumberger shifted the service from wireline to a while-drilling application in 2002. This early work focused on redesigning the sensor array to make it more robust and capable of withstanding dynamic drilling environments.

The design effort culminated with the introduction of the company’s latest MRWD system in 2012. Its new sensor makes reliable measurements under rapidly changing downhole temperatures and pressures and withstands the vibrations and drillstring shocks that are common during drilling.

Further design enhancements allow the tool to be placed anywhere within the bottomhole assembly (BHA). A sleeve stabilizer minimizes tool motion without affecting the steerability of the BHA. Powered by a downhole electrical turbine, the tool does not need to be tripped to replace batteries.
Deployment of a Remote Acoustic Monitoring System for Pipeline-Asset Integrity
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: November 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 171763, “Field Deployment of an Innovative Acoustic Monitoring System for Remote Real-Time Pipeline-Asset Integrity,” by R. Schiavon, Tecnomare; G. Bernasconi, Politecnico di Milano; G. Giunta and G.P. Borghi, Eni; and N. Okere, NAOC, prepared for the 2014 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, 10–13 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Since 2007, an operator in Nigeria has registered a significant increase of oil-spill events caused by sabotage and oil-theft activities. The risks for personnel safety and environmental protection were such that it was decided to investigate new detection and monitoring systems. The technology presented here allows detecting and locating leaks taking place at a distance from the sensor of up to 35 km.

Introduction

The technology of this system is based upon discrete vibroacoustic sensing. This technology takes advantage of the fact that any acoustic signal reaching, or generated upon, the pipeline will introduce vibroacoustic waves within the pipeline body and the transported-fluid medium (crude oil, brine, and natural gas). In addition to the general noise of the fluid flow within the pipeline, these acoustic waves are transported along the conduit for long distances. Especially within the fluid, the sound propagation is expected to travel several kilometers, depending on the density of the medium and the pipe diameter. In the pipe body, because of the variability of the boundary conditions, the calculation of the sound propagation is complex, but mathematical analyses proved the existence of modal solutions that are allowed to travel several kilometers. Moreover, for high- density fluids (i.e., crude oil or brine), the acoustic waves can be measured across the pipe shell.

Vibroacoustic monitoring implies the recording of the low-frequency elastic waves traveling along the pipe body by use of accelerometers and geophones, and of the pressure wave traveling into the fluid by use of hydrophones. When the sensors are placed on both sides of a source point, cross-correlation techniques enable the localization of the origin point. If only one recording point is available, it is possible to take advantage of the different propagation velocity of the acoustic waves in the pipe shell and in the inner fluid.
Water Management: Lessons Learned and Considerations for a Shale Play in Argentina
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: November 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 174118, “Water Management: What We Have Learned and What We Need To Consider for Developing a Shale Play in Argentina,” by J.C. Bonapace, SPE, Halliburton, and F.G. Alric, A. Angeloni, and L. Zangari, Total E&P, prepared for the 2015 SPE Latin American and Caribbean Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability Conference, BogotÁ, Colombia, 7–8 July. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Recently, exploration and development of shale plays in Argentina, such as the Vaca Muerta, have begun. To achieve commercial production, this type of reservoir must be stimulated by hydraulic fracturing using large volumes of water. This paper discusses aspects of water logistics necessary during the well-completion phase, fracture-treatment designs applied in Vaca Muerta, and laboratory studies performed on flowback and produced water to help evaluate the potential for water reuse.

Introduction

Well stimulation using hydraulic fracturing has been used widely for producing oil and gas reservoirs in Argentina since the 1960s. This stimulation technique has been applied in the five hydrocarbon-producing basins shown in Fig. 1, as well as in a variety of formations and types of reservoirs, such as conventional, tight, and, more recently, shale.

The majority of shale exploration and development has been in the Vaca Muerta formation, but work has also been assessed in other formations, such as Los Molles, Cacheuta, D-129, and Agrio. Experience gained related to water management in these shale plays during the completion of more than 40 wells (more than 200 hydraulic fractures) by different operators is presented in the paper. Furthermore, laboratory studies were conducted on treated and untreated flowback water, and assessment of its use as fracturing-fluid water is presented.

Water Sources and Stimulation

Given the economic potential of the Vaca Muerta play, the focus lies on this reservoir. The primary sources of water in the Neuquén basin used to develop these hydrocarbon resources are rivers (Neuquén, Limay, and Colorado), lakes, reservoirs (Cerro Colorado and Pellegrini), or groundwater sources, such as wells with low salinity. These types of wells for water supply need a permit from the regulatory authority, and produced water is not suitable for human consumption or farming.
Improved Tight Oil Productivity Through Integrated Technology Deployment on a Multipad Horizontal-Well Trial in Central China
Authors: Liu Hai , Liu Peiwu , Huang Yongjie , Xiao Xufeng , Liu Xiaojing , Tang Meirong
Published: November 2016

Activity in the Ordos Basin, China, has mostly occurred in the low-permeability, clay-rich Chang 7 sandstone, and has used multifractured horizontal wells as the preferred completion technique. To improve further the production potential and to increase operational efficiency, a dual-well pad site was engineered to try a pad-drilling approach and to evaluate different completion techniques, use integrated work flows, and accelerate the development cycle.

The pilot project involved two pads with two horizontal wells each, with the intention to compare the local multistage stimulation practice of using a tubing-conveyed completion method to a wireline-conveyed plug-and-perforation technique. The current tubing-conveyed completion practice affects the completion efficiency of the well from the standpoints of surface efficiency, engineering work flow, post-fracturing performance, and subsequent commercial performance. The wells completed with the plug-and-perforation technique were completed in a shorter period of time; simultaneous operations enabled flowback water from the first well to be recycled and reused on pumping operations on the second well, further improving the project performance, and first-year cumulative production was 20% higher compared with surrounding offsets.

Three vertical wells were placed between the parallel horizontal wells to enable real-time fracturing monitoring and to improve subsurface understanding. To have a more-precise microseismic mapping result, the closest vertical well was selected as the monitoring well.

The study demonstrates the importance of an integrated approach that accounts for well design, engineering work flow, technology used during the execution, and subsequent evaluation while improving overall productivity. Both the efficiency and the production result were breakthroughs in this area.
The Effect of Technological Operations on Induction Logging-While-Drilling
Authors: Bocharov Oleg , Makarov Alexander , Mosin Anton , Seryakov Alexander
Published: November 2016

The presented study demonstrates the effect of different technological activities of drilling through a reservoir interval on induction logging while drilling and near wellbore resistivity. The drilling operations include drilling with different penetration rates, shutdowns for drill-pipe addition, back reaming and so on. To estimate this effect, numerical modeling has been applied for simulation of mud filtrate invasion followed by electromagnetic modeling of induction tool signals.

When modeling the invaded zone, the developed algorithm takes into account the drilling mode and mudcake formation. The computed near wellbore distributions of invasion zone parameters such as water saturation and salinity are then used to determine the resistivity distribution in the near wellbore area. The obtained geoelectric model of the well and the invaded zone makes it possible to compute the induction signals measured while drilling. It has been shown that neglecting features of the drilling operation may lead to improper interpretation of logging measurements.
Equilibrium and kinetics study on removal of arsenate ions from aqueous solution by CTAB/TiO2 and starch/CTAB/TiO2 nanoparticles: a comparative study
Authors: Gogoi Pankaj , Dutta Debasish , Maji Tarun Kr.
Published: November 2016

We present a comparative study on the efficacy of TiO2 nanoparticles for arsenate ion removal after modification with CTAB (N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethyl ammonium bromide) followed by coating with starch biopolymer. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The removal efficiency was studied as a function of contact time, material dose and initial As(V) concentration. CTAB-modified TiO2 showed the highest arsenate ion removal rate (∼99% from 400 μg/L). Starch-coated CTAB-modified TiO2 was found to be best for regeneration. For a targeted solution of 400 μg/L, a material dose of 2 g/L was found to be sufficient to reduce the As(V) concentration below 10 μg/L. Equilibrium was established within 90 minutes of treatment. The sorption pattern followed a Langmuir monolayer pattern, and the maximum sorption capacity was found to be 1.024 mg/g and 1.423 mg/g after starch coating and after CTAB modification, respectively. The sorption mechanisms were governed by pseudo second order kinetics.
Temporary Henna Tattooing: a Case of Contact Dermatitis
Authors: Goodie Peyton E. , Burkhart Craig G.
Published: November 2016

A case of a temporary henna tattoo is presented in which red henna containing p-phenylenediamine (PPD) caused a severe adverse reaction. The eruption began three days after its application and patient experienced itching and mild pain at the tattoo site along with an erythematous, papular lesion. The topic is discussed with pictures of this eruption.
Empty Air: Ezra Pound's World War Two Radio Broadcasts
Authors: Van Ert Gibran
Published: November 2016

This essay draws on biographical material and radio transcripts to tell the story of Ezra Pound's collaboration with Italy during the Second World War. It pulls together the numerous and inaccessible broadcasts to provide an overview of the central themes— and important omissions—of the American poet's foray into broad casting. Pound's collaboration, it is argued, was more an expression of his own personality than an act of Italian psychological warfare. The essay highlights a curious chapter in the history of propaganda, contributes to the study of anti-Semitism, and provides for literary scholars an insight into the later thought of one of the most important figures in modern literature.
The French Revolution and the Discourse of Change in Restoration France and Post-1815 England
Authors: Robitaille Mathieu
Published: November 2016

The conception of revolution was changed drastically by the French Revolution of 1789 from its original use in astronomy to imply a return to a previous state of being. Henceforth, revolution came to signify a drastic rupture with past practices. For French and English liberals in post-Napoleonic Europe, the word revolution also became loaded with negative connotations associated with the French Revolution’s radical turn from 1792 to 1794, and the fear of popular violence. My paper examines and compares how the stigma associated with the French Revolution influenced the discourse of change in France and England, and how the fear of revolutionary violence influenced the actions of both governments.
"Measures are being taken to eliminate the consequences of the accident": Ideology and the Soviet Response to the Chornobyl Accident
Authors: Espinaco-Virseda Angeles
Published: November 2016

Although Soviet ideology has been identified as a factor leading to the Chornbyl disaster, there has previously been no discussion of its role in the official response to the accident or to its aftermath. Yet, as seen in the Soviet media, this nuclear catastrophe triggered an ideological crisis which authorities struggled to respond to within a traditional dialectical framework. Paradoxically, their appeal to ideology in the management of this crisis contributed to growing disillusionment with the Soviet state and a reconsideration of Communism, leading, ultimately, to the collapse of the USSR.
Text as Discourse: The Chinese in Canada in Historiographical Perspective
Authors: Scot Samantha J
Published: November 2016

As a historiographical analysis, this essay seeks to understand the idea of historical layering through the topic of Chinese immigration to Canada. It considers the following four works: In the Sea of Sterile Mountains: The Chinese in British Columbia (1974) by James Morton, White Canada Forever: Popular Attitudes and Public Policy Toward Orientals in British Columbia (1978) by W Peter Ward, From China to Canada: A History of the Chinese Communities in Canada (1982) by Harry Con et al., and The Concubine's Children (1994) by Denise Chong. It does so in an effort to compare and contrast their approaches with regard to consensus and specialist histories, top-down and bottom-up approaches, as well as passive and active historical representations.
Sir Lewis Namier: an Eastern European's Historical Outline
Authors: Baker Mark
Published: November 2016

Sir Lewis Namier is well known for the method of historical research that he developed. His emphasis on intense primary source research, attention to political structures, and concentration on the motivation of the individual historical actors have been incorporated, in varying degrees, into the methodology of most historians. Yet, an examination of his essays on Eastern Europe suggests differences and similarities between Namier's historical work on Eastern Europe and his work in other areas. An explanation of these differences suggests that the historian who atomized eighteenth-century British history also had the ability to synthesize those "atoms" into a broad historical outline. This important and often overlooked aspect of this most enigmatic of historians is brought out clearly in his work on Eastern Europe.
"We'll fight for nature-light, truth-light and sunlight, against a world in swaddling clothes." Reconsidering the Aesthetic Dress Movement and Dress Reform in Nineteenth Century America
Authors: Curtis Jennifer
Published: November 2016

When Amelia Bloomer publicly donned pants in 1848 it marked the beginning of a well documented fight for female dress reform in America. Bloomer’s subsequent abandonment of the reform costume several years later led both her contemporaries and modern day scholars to view the movement as a failure. Yet beneath the highly publicized "Bloomer Movement" lay a complex web of individuals, communities, and organizations who sought to challenge and reform female dress. In this paper I examine the notion of equality in female and male fashion in nineteenth century America, and challenge the Bloomerian notion that equated the appropriation of masculine attire with female empowerment. Through an examination of the late nineteenth century aesthetic dress movement I will indicate that though a celebration of “feminine” clothing the aesthetes made a lasting contribution to dress reform and female empowerment.
The Sleeping Habits of Matter and Spirit: Samuel Clarke and Anthony Collins on the Immortality of the Soul
Authors: Wigelsworth Jeff
Published: November 2016

In 1706, Samuel Clarke, Newtonian and theologian, engaged in a debate with Anthony Collins, deist and country gentleman, over the nature of the soul and matter. Both men were responding to the work of Henry Dodwell, who earlier that year suggested that the soul was a substance naturally mortal, which was given immortality by God alone. While historians have long noted this debate, the underlying assumptions and intellectual debts of both Clarke and Collins have not been fully explored. Clarke's arguments clearly revealed his Newtonianism and, what is more, it is now evident that he shared Newton's conception of the soul. Collins followed a deist interpretation of both the soul and matter, a view first proposed by the deist John Toland. This article brings these assumptions to light and in so doing, demonstrates that Clarke was even more Newtonian than was previously thought and that deists shared more of a worldview than the denial of revelation.
Soviet Use of Corruption Purges as a Control Mechanism: The Uzbekistan Case
Authors: Staples John
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT: In a series of purges between 1982 and 1988, the Soviet government sacked many of the Uzbekistan Communist Party's elite and replaced them with people of unquestionable loyalty to the Kremlin. These purges, which were justified by charges of widespread corruption in the Uzbek Party, have been widely interpreted as indicating a profound change in the policies of the Soviet government, initiated by Yuri Andropov and continued by Mikhail Gorbachev. This essay argues that purges of the type carried out in Uzbekistan were a standard feature of the Kremlin's policy under Brezhnev, and that the first symptom of the Uzbekistan purges manifested themselves well before 1982. The purges should be seen, therefore, as evidence of continuity between the nationalities policies of Brezhnev and his successors, rather than evidence of a changed policy.
“It Depends on Where You Look”: The Unusual Presentation of Scurvy and Smallpox Among Klondike Gold Rushers as Revealed Through Qualitative Data Sources
Authors: Highet Megan J
Published: November 2016

Health in the context of frontier boomtown communities represents an underdeveloped topic of research both within the social sciences and beyond. Studies of such historic communities offer insight into the human condition in past populations. They provide valuable observations with far-reaching modern-day applications, as many of the issues faced by the Klondike Gold Rushers are similarly experienced by those residing in single-industry and resource communities experiencing fast change in the remote wilderness. These communities present a unique biosocial context for the experience of disease and disorders, as is evident in the case of both scurvy and smallpox when they erupted in the Klondike gold fields. Yet, for various reasons, these diseases remained invisible when quantitative data sources only were used. The important implications that these sicknesses held for the health status of the gold rushers would thus have been undetected had analysis focused solely upon the customary morbidity and mortality data sources, resulting in a distorted view of the human condition in the context of this celebrated event in Canadian history. Only when qualitative materials are also explored does the full picture of the health in this historic population come into focus, while also revealing much more about life in this particular time and place than simply what illnesses the Klondikers suffered and died from.
A History of Neglect: Negotiating the Role of Safety in the Manhattan Project, 1939-1945
Authors: Zwicker Katherine
Published: November 2016

This paper examines the role of safety within the Manhattan Project, the Allied effort to build an atomic bomb during World War II. As an integral component of the American national defense strategy, the atomic bomb project was afforded tremendous resources and incorporated the expertise of the country's top scientists, engineers, government officials, and military personnel. As a result, considerable Scientific and technological achievement was realized The Manhattan Project marked an important point in the ascendancy of science and technology throughout the twentieth century. However, the largely political and military goals of the project had consequences. Insufficient knowledge was gained regarding radiation hazards as a result of a preoccupation with speedy and secretive nuclear weapons development and the difficulty scientists had conducting health-related research. This paper argues that safety concerns were secondary to speed and secrecy in the search for the world's first atomic bomb.
The Mexican Imperial Dream: The Role of the State, the Civilian and Institutions of Tenochtitlan
Authors: Sidders Hodgins Lindsay C
Published: November 2016

The Mexica in the Central Valley of Mexico witnessed the development, expansion and collapse of their empire in the space of only two hundred years. Although the Empire’s collapse was swift and thorough, suggesting a weak structure in the first place, the sophisticated political and ideological development and the whirlwind expansion of the Mexican state, suggests just the opposite. The imperial leadership at Tenochtitlan accomplished the loose organization of city-states that was empire by the coercive and manipulative ideological domination of its civilian populations. The state ideology or value system of the elite was a unique product of the political environment of Central Mexico and the predominance of violent confrontation in that environment.
Ikeda Daisaku Compared to Cho Yonggi: Insight into Post-War Japanese and Korean History
Authors: Gold Brian
Published: November 2016

Ikeda Daisaku, as the third leader of Japan's largest so-called 'New Religion,' has received much journalistic and scholarly attention since his taking over leadership in 1960 of Soka Gakkai. None of these treatments, however, has looked at Ikeda in a rigorously comparative fashion. This essay will make an explicit comparison of Ikeda's career with: Cho Yonggi, the South Korean Pentecostal Christian minister who founded the world's largest church, the Yoido Full Gospel Church. The comparison will be made to highlight unique features of Ikeda, Soka Gakkai, and Komeito, Soka Gakkai's affiliated political party which presently forms part of the ruling coalition of the Japanese government. It will be argued, however, that this comparison tells us more about modern (and post-war) Japan than about Ikeda, especially the continuing marginal social standing of 'New Religions' and the cost of being a charismatic leader in a society dominated by 'groupism '.
Conflicting Worldviews in the Classroom: The 'Holdeman' Mennonite School Trial 1978
Authors: Pemberton-Pigott Andrew
Published: November 2016

Many historians and sociologists have noted that the classroom often becomes the battleground for conflicting social values. The 1978 Regina vs Wiebe trial in Alberta was a clear example of stress caused by changing values in a pluralistic society. Regina vs Wiebe reveals a struggle between three contrasting worldviews: Mennonite traditionalism, Mennonite modernism, and state secular humanism. The result forced provincial approval of independent schools on the grounds of religious freedom. This study outlines the legal, religious, and philosophical themes of the trial and uncovers underlying denominational tensions.
The Immoral Moral Scientist. John Maynard Keynes
Authors: Paulovicova Nina
Published: November 2016

This paper undertakes to examine one aspect of the worldview of John Maynard Keynes - his alleged anti-Semitism. Keynes’ anti-Semitic utterances long attracted the attention of his biographers: some suspected anti-Semitism to be a permanent feature of Keynes’ worldview, others refuted such claims and underlined the element of reproduction of anti-Semitic clichés that already permeated Keynes own milieu. The aim of this article is to reveal multiple layers that moulded the nature of Keynes’ anti-Semitism within the context of his own socio-political milieu. When put in a dialogue with his political gestures, Keynes’ problematic utterances become to be seen in a different light.
The Place of Enchantment - British Occultism and the Culture of the Modern
Authors: Wagar Samuel
Published: November 2016

The Place of Enchantment - British Occultism and the Culture of the Modern. By Alex Owen. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004. Pp. 257. $37.50.
A Victim of Circumstance: The Timber Bill of 1772 and the East India Company
Authors: Snyder Michael R
Published: November 2016

In 1771 a bill was brought before the British Parliament to limit the tonnage o f East India Company ships. The Admiralty claimed that construction of the large trading vessels consumed vital and dwindling supplies of English oak required by the Royal Navy. After convening for a year, the Committee organized to investigate the "timber" bill reported that the Company was not solely responsible for the shortage of timber. However, by 1772 the Company was in serious financial difficulty. In the face of mounting pressure for government control of the Company, the timber bill became another vehicle in t he debate of whether the Crown or the Company should control India. Although passed, the timber bill had less to do with the merits of preserving vital oak for the Royal Navy than it did with efforts to limit the powers of the East India Company.