bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SNOWTRAN: A Fast UV-VNIR-SWIR Radiative Transfer Model for Polar Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Applications
Authors: Kokhanovsky Alexander , Brell Maximillian , Segl Karl , Chabriallat Sabine
Published: January 2024

In this work, we develop a software suite for studies of atmosphere – underlying SNOW- spaceborne optical receiver light TRANsmission calculations (SNOWTRAN) with applications for the solution of forward and inverse radiative transfer problems in polar regions. Assuming that aerosol load is extremely low, the proposed theory does not require the numerical procedures for the solution of the radiative transfer equation and is based on analytical equations for the spectral nadir reflectance and simple approximations for local optical properties of atmosphere and snow. The model developed is validated using EnMAP and PRISMA spaceborne imaging spectroscopy data close to the Concordia research station in Antarctica. A new fast technique for the determination of the snow grain size and assessment of the snowpack vertical inhomogeneity is then proposed and further demonstrated on EnMAP imagery over the Aviator Glacier and in the vicinity of the Concordia research station in Antarctica. The results revealed a large increase in precipitable water vapor at the Concordia research station in February 2023 linked to warming event, and a 4 times larger grain size at Aviator Glacier compared to Dome C.
Choosing Companions: Pet Adoption Preferences in Portugal – a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Afonso Paulo , Quintas Hélder , Cardoso Luís , Coelho Ana Cláudia
Published: January 2024

In the wake of Portugal's pivotal shift to animal welfare legislation in 2018, where the no-kill policy for population control came into effect, animal shelters have emerged as critical sanctuaries for stray or unwanted animals. Recognising the critical role that adopter preferences play in the successful placement of shelter animals and the pressing need for shelters to expedite adoptions to liberate valuable space to accommodate more animals in need of refuge, this study seeks to investigate the intricate matrix of factors guiding adopters' choices. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with a convenience sample of the Portuguese population to assess their preferences and opinions about pet adoption. An online questionnaire was completed by 415 participants from February to October 2021. Among participants selecting attributes for pet adoption, the top preferences were behaviour (52.8%), size (49.6%), vaccination and deworming status (44.3%), and age (36.1%). Conversely, breed (7.2%), sex (6.3%), and animal colour (5.1%) were the least prioritised. Combinations were established based on the most selected attributes. Certain participant characteristics, such as education level and pet ownership history, exhibited distinct preferences in animal attributes. Portuguese people show a marked preference for shelter adoption, prioritising behaviour, size, and health over breed and colour. This insight allows shelters to allocate resources effectively. While promising, the trend towards shelter adoption needs adaptive strategies to align with evolving adopter preferences.
Simulating Water Vapor Removal in Glycol Gas Dehydration Mechanisms: A Comprehensive Analysis of Natural Gas and Dry Nitrogen
Authors: Scientific library. Johnson  Global , SUNDAY UME CYRIL , ANDREW NWOSI HEZEKIAH
Published: January 2024

Among other fossil fuels, natural gas is a major energy source. It is generally created saturated with water vapor. Dehydration of natural gas is vital in the gas business to remove water vapor from the gas supply, which may cause hydrate development in pipes. Gas dehydration employs Tri ethylene glycol (TEG) to remove water vapor from natural gas flow. The wet gas is dehydrated with lean glycol in an absorber, and the rich glycol is recovered and reused. This work investigates the use of dry natural gas instead of nitrogen in the glycol dehydration re-generator, and compares the results using HYSYS modeling and simulation. The two techniques were compared for capital and utility expenses, while maintaining the identical glycol purity criteria. The wet gas from the stripping mechanisms may also be utilized to run steam pumps and compressors or recycled. The model is based on the real mechanism flow diagram. Finally, the findings of this model might be used to design a new heat and material balance for the plant.
Long Downhill Braking and Energy Recovery of Pure Electric Commercial Vehicles
Authors: Cai Weisheng , Liu Chengye
Published: January 2024

The thermal degradation of brakes has a significant impact on the stability of pure electric commercial vehicles during long downhill braking. Based on road slope and using fuzzy control method, design strategies for motor regenerative braking force and friction braking force distribution, with the aim of reducing friction braking force, improving braking stability, and recovering braking energy. By establishing driving conditions on roads with different slopes and using numerical analysis methods to verify the proposed control strategy. the results show that under the 6% constant slope driving condition, the vehicle maintains a constant speed of 30km/h downhill driving, and the braking energy recovery rate reaches 50.93%; Under the condition of 3% -6% gradient driving, the vehicle speed fluctuates slightly, but it can still be maintained at a constant speed of 30km/h for downhill driving through the adjustment of the motor's reverse drag characteristic, with a braking energy recovery rate of 49.97%; During the process of driving downhill at a constant speed, the frictional braking force does not participate in braking; The braking energy recovery rate is determined by the slope and braking deceleration.
Spatio-Temporal Dual Kriging with Adaptive Coefficient Drift Function
Authors: Kongsanun Chalida , Chutsagulprom Nawinda , Moonchai Sompop
Published: January 2024

Research on spatio-temporal geostatistical modelling remains a critical challenge in numerous scientific and engineering disciplines. This work introduces a novel extension of the dual kriging the spatio-temporal dual kriging (ST-DK) whose drift functions with fixed and adaptive coefficients are established. The approach appears to be effective in modelling complex spatio-temporal dynamics, particularly when relevant auxiliary variables exert substantial influence on the target variable. To illustrate its performance, we compare the ST-DK model with the classical spatio-temporal regression kriging (ST-RK) method for estimating temperature and air pressure data across Thailand in 2018. Our findings demonstrate that both ST-DK and ST-RK models, when utilizing adaptive coefficients,
outperform their constant coefficient counterparts. Furthermore, the ST-DK method consistently exhibits superior performance compared to the ST-RK model.
Phytoene Desaturase (Pds) Gene-Derived Markers Identify “A” and “B” Genomes in Banana (Musa spp.)
Authors: Nascimento Fernanda dos Santos , Mascarenhas Marcelly Santana , Boaventura Samantha Costa , Souza Carla Catharina Hora , Ramos Andresa Priscila de Souza , Rocha Anelita de Jesus , Soares Julianna Matos da Silva , Diniz Leandro Eugenio Cardamone , De Oliveira Mendes Tiago Antônio , Ferreira Claudia Fortes , Amorim Edson Perito
Published: January 2024

Phytoene desaturase (PDS) is a plant enzyme involved in carotenoid biosynthesis. The PDS gene has been used as a selective marker for genome editing in several plant species, including banana (Musa spp.). Its knockout promotes dwarfism and albinism, characteristics that are easily recognizable and highly favorable. In Musa spp., the A genome increases fruit production and quality, whereas the B genome is associated with tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to identify a molecular marker in the PDS gene to easily discriminate the A and B genomes of banana. A 2166 bp fragment for the ‘PDSMa’ marker was identified as polymorphic for the A genome (identification accuracy of 99.33%), whereas ~332 and ~225 bp fragments were detected for the ‘PDSMb’ primer with 100% accuracy using MedCalc software. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use the PDS gene to determine doses of the A genome and identify the B genome in Musa spp., which will aid in evaluating the genomic constitution of banana hybrids and accessions at the seedling stage, and accelerating their classification in crop genetic improvement programs.
A Modified Tridecapeptide Probe for Imaging Cell Junction
Authors: Jingrui Li , Wu Yuhan , Liu Chunyu , Zhang Shu , Su Xin , Xie Songbo , Yang Fengtang
Published: January 2024

Cell junction that is usually associated with dynamic cytoskeletons is essential for a wide range of cellular activities such as cell migration, cell communication, barrier function and signal transduction. Real-time observation of cell junction facilitates understanding of the mechanisms by which cell junction regulate relevant cellular activities. In this study, we examined the binding capacity of a modified tridecapeptide from Cx43 to cell junction protein ZO-1 and sought to create a fluorescent peptide that could be used to label cell junction. To introduce the fluorescent peptide into the cells, a cell-penetrating peptide was linked to the modified tridecapeptide and synthesized. The binding of the modified tridecapeptide was tested using pull down and immunoprecipitation assay. The ability of the peptide to label cell junction was assessed by adding it to fixed or cultured Caco-2 cells. Testing assay revealed that the Cx43-derived peptide can bind to ZO-1. Besides, the peptide was able to label cell junction of fixed cell, although no obvious cell junction labeling was observed clearly in living cells, probably due to the inadequate affinity. These results indicate that a peptide-based strategy for labeling cell junction may be feasible, and efforts to improve its affinity are warranted in the future.
Progress in Predicting Ames Test Outcomes from Chemical Structures: An In-depth Re-evaluation of Models from the 1st and 2nd Ames/QSAR International Challenge Projects
Authors: Uesawa Yoshihiro
Published: January 2024

The Ames/quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) International Challenge Projects held during 2014–2017 and 2020–2022, evaluated the performance of various predictive models. Despite the significant insights gained, the rules allowing participants to select prediction targets introduced ambiguity in model performance evaluation. This reanalysis identified the highest-performing prediction model, assuming a 100% coverage rate (COV) for all prediction target compounds and an estimated performance variation due to changes in COV. All models from both projects were evaluated using balance accuracy (BA), Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), F1 Score (F1), and the first principal component (PC1). After normalizing the COV, a correlation analysis with these indicators was conducted, and the evaluation index for all prediction models in terms of the COV was estimated. In total, 109 models, the highest estimated BA (76.9) at 100% COV was MMI-VOTE1, reported by Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU). The best models for MCC, F1, and PC1 were all MMI-STK1, also reported by MPU. All models reported by MPU ranked in the top four. MMI-STK1 was estimated to have F1 scores of 59.2, 61.5, and 63.1 at COV levels of 90%, 60%, and 30%, respectively. These findings highlight the current state and potential of the Ames prediction technology.
Hyper- and Hypopigmentation in a Subject with Fitzpatrick VI Skin Phototype: A new Treatment Option
Authors: Veronese Sheila , Aggarwal Rajeev , Giovanelli Tiziana , Sbarbati Andrea
Published: January 2024

Background: Laser therapies can cause hyper- and hypopigmentation of the skin. There is little evidence in the literature of effective treatments for these types of problems in Fitzpatrick IV-VI skin phototypes. The main aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the effects of a new therapy combining the application of electromagnetic fields and vacuum on a subject with Fitzpatrick VI skin phototype, presenting an extensive, laser-induced facial dyschromia. The secondary aim is to test the effectiveness of a free imaging software for assessing skin pigmentation. Methods: The level of improvement after the therapy was evaluated, with a 5-point Likert scale, one month after the end of the treatment by both the subject, and the doctor who performed the treatment, and by two blinded dermatologists. With the free software, a three-dimensional reconstruction of the area treated and the evaluation of colour distribution were performed. Results: Both the subject and the doctors involved in the study positively evaluated the effects of the treatment. The image analysis highlighted the homogenization of the skin colour in the treated area. Conclusions: The combination of electromagnetic fields and vacuum for dyschromia treatments appears promising. The new method of assessing melanin levels resulted particularly efficient.
Integrated Application of Geospatial Technologies and UAS-Based Thermal Photogrammetry for Mapping and Assessment of the Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity for Effective Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development of the Urban Areas
Authors: Dimitrov Stelioan Slavkov , Iliev Martin Borisov , Borisova Bilyana Bogomilova , Semerdzhieva Lidiya Nikolaeva , Petrov Stefan Stefanov
Published: January 2024

The urban heat island (UHI) and its intensity is one of the phenomena that are of determining importance for the comfort of living in cities and their sustainable development in the face of deepening climate change. The study is objectively difficult due to the large dynamics like land cover and the considerable diversity of land use patterns in urban areas. Various approaches and methods are used in research practice, based both on ground measurements and in the use of remote methods and satellite information. However, most of these approaches provide information with problematic spatial and temporal resolution, making them difficult to apply for sustainable urban planning purposes, which require adequate information provision. This paper presents the results of the application of thermal photogrammetry based on the use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS), combined with geographic information systems (GIS), in the study of surface urban heat island intensity (SUHI), at the local level for the largest housing complex in Bulgaria - Lyulin district of the capital of Sofia city. The studies were carried out during a heat wave in July 2023. A difference of 16.5oC was found between locations with SUHI occurrence and suburban areas. The information benefits of locally addressed data and their direct applicability are discussed to support decision-making processes in the planning and management of urban areas, including their climate adaptation and sustainable development.
Enhancing Privacy in the Internet of Vehicles via Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography
Authors: Routis George , Dagas Panagiotis , Roussaki Ioanna
Published: January 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technological paradigm that has gained significant momentum that last decade and, among others, enables the development of intelligent and interoperable device networks. In this respect, it has triggered the creation and evolution of VANETs (Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks), which are initially implemented in order to guarantee the safety of the drivers and the avoidance of traffic accidents. The drawback is that this fast evolution flags serious concerns as far as the privacy of users is concerned, while the population of attackers or entities that try to eavesdrop and intercept information has significantly increased. This imposes a serious risk for drivers moving across a Smart City. The research presented in this paper aims to evaluate privacy protection mechanisms in VANET environments, based on their efficiency and security level ensured, considering the fact that VANETs provide limited resources to users/drivers. Moreover, the usage of the elliptic curve cryptography in reduced resources environments is discussed. Finally, this paper compares the performance of three cryptographic algorithms, i.e., Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography genus 2 (HECC-2) and HECC genus 3 (HECC-3), employed for an efficient authentication and safe message transmission mechanism in VANETs, targeting to extract conclusions related to the implementation of each cryptographic scheme in this specific application area.
Towards an ELSA Curriculum for Data Scientists
Authors: Christoforaki Maria , Beyan Oya Deniz
Published: January 2024

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in a growing number of domains in the latest years has put into focus Ethical Legal and Societal Aspects (ELSA) of these technologies and the relevant challenges they pose.
In this paper, we propose an ELSA Curriculum for Data Scientists aiming to raise awareness about ELSA challenges in their work, provide them with a common language with the relevant domain experts to cooperate to find appropriate solutions, and finally, incorporate ELSA in the data science workflow and not be seen as an impediment or a superfluous artifact, rather than an integral part of the Data Science Project Lifecycle.
The proposed curriculum uses the CRISP-DM model as a backbone to define a vertical partition, expressed in modules corresponding to the CRISP-DM phases. The horizontal partition includes knowledge units belonging to three strands that run through the phases, namely Ethical and Societal, Legal, and Technical Rendering Knowledge Units (KUs). In addition to the detailed description of the aforementioned KUs, we also discuss the implementation, issues such as duration, form, and evaluation of participants, as well as the variance of the knowledge level and needs of the target audience.
A Bibliographic Exploration: Tackling Heavy Metal Contamination
Authors: Ding Yuanzhao
Published: January 2024

Heavy metal pollution poses a significant threat to global populations, particularly impacting human health. Developing countries, characterized by chemical engineering and mining industrial activities, often contribute to diverse heavy metal contaminants. Consumption of water contaminated with heavy metals, prevalent in such regions, can lead to severe health risks, including gastric cancer. Addressing the urgent issue of heavy metal pollution, this paper employs a bibliographic approach to explore the latest literature on heavy metal pollution. The study discusses recent research findings and potential methods for the treatment and mitigation of heavy metal pollution, emphasizing the pressing need for effective solutions to safeguard public health.
Working Conditions and Quality of Life in Healthcare: Mediating Roles of Burnout and Engagement, Moderated by Resilience and Self-Efficacy.
Authors: León Rubio José María , León-Pérez José M. , Ruiz-Zorrilla Blanco Paula , Cantero Sánchez Francisco Javier , Fernández-Canseco Ángela , Villar Navarro José Ignacio
Published: January 2024

This study addresses the influence of working conditions on Work-Related Quality of Life (WRQOL) among Spanish healthcare professionals. The research seeks to elucidate the mediating roles of job engagement and burnout, and the moderating effects of resilience and self-efficacy, in this relationship. Methods: The study included 374 healthcare workers from Spain, encompassing physicians, nurses, and nursing assistants. It employed a methodological approach using validated instruments to assess psychosocial risks, work-life quality, job engagement, burnout, and resilience. Data were gathered through self-reported questionnaires. Results: Key findings indicate a negative association between working conditions and WRQOL. Job engagement and burnout significantly mediated this relationship, accounting for 19% to 33% of the variance in WRQOL. Notably, lack of support emerged as a strong negative factor for work-related quality of life. Additionally, resilience moderated the relationship between lack of support and burnout. Conclusions: The study concludes that improving working conditions could increase WRQOL. Interventions aimed at enhancing engagement and addressing burnout may be effective. The moderating role of resilience suggests that strategies to enhance resilience could also be beneficial. These findings hold significant implications for policy formulation and human resources planning in healthcare, emphasizing the need for enhanced workplace support and the development of resilience among health workers.
Development of Murine Anterior Interbody and Posterolateral Spinal Fusion Techniques
Authors: Morse Kyle W. , Sun Jun , Hu Lingling , Bok Seoyeon , Debnath Shawon , Cung Michelle , Yallowitz Alisha R. , Meyers Kathleen N. , Iyer Sravisht , Greenblatt Matthew B.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Multiple animal models have previously been utilized to investigate anterior fusion techniques, but a mouse model has yet to be developed. The purpose of this study was to develop murine anterior interbody and posterolateral fusion techniques.

Methods:

Mice underwent either anterior interbody or posterolateral spinal fusion. A protocol was developed for both procedures, including a description of the relevant anatomy. Samples were subjected to micro-computed tomography to assess fusion success and underwent biomechanical testing with use of 4-point bending. Lastly, samples were fixed and embedded for histologic evaluation.

Results:

Surgical techniques for anterior interbody and posterolateral fusion were developed. The fusion rate was 83.3% in the anterior interbody model and 100% in the posterolateral model. Compared with a control, the posterolateral model exhibited a greater elastic modulus. Histologic analysis demonstrated endochondral ossification between bridging segments, further confirming the fusion efficacy in both models.

Conclusions:

The murine anterior interbody and posterolateral fusion models are efficacious and provide an ideal platform for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms mediating spinal fusion.

Clinical Relevance:

Given the extensive genetic tools available in murine disease models, use of fusion models such as ours can enable determination of the underlying genetic pathways involved in spinal fusion.
Gender Trends in Authorship in 6 Major Orthopaedic Journals
Authors: Grant Caitlin , Stauffer Taylor P. , Seyler Thorsten M. , Wu Christine J. , Hinton Zoe W.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Historically, orthopaedic surgery has had low female representation, with <6% of practicing surgeons identifying as female. Although prior literature has illustrated gender disparities in first and last authorship as well as changes in gender representation over time, less attention has been paid to middle authorship. We hypothesized that trends in female authorship would reflect increasing female participation in orthopaedic surgery and orthopaedic subspecialties coinciding with an overall increase in female authorship.

Methods:

Bibliometric information from articles published between 2011 and 2021 in 6 orthopaedic journals was extracted with use of the Web of Science. Collected data included author order, author names, affiliation, and corresponding author address. A gender was assigned with the use of Genderize.io, which is validated software, on the basis of author first name. Statistical analysis was performed with use of an analysis of variance for each journal, and linear regression was performed to determine trends, controlling for year.

Results:

Among all included orthopaedic journals, female middle authorship increased by 5 percentage points, female first authorship increased by 4 percentage points, and female last authorship increased by 1 percentage point. Over the study period, the highest rate of female middle authorship (28%) was seen in the Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, whereas the lowest rate (16%) was seen in The Journal of Arthroplasty. We found that the 5 highest-producing female last authors were, on average, cited significantly less per publication than their male counterparts in all but 2 journals.

Conclusions:

Gender gaps exist within orthopaedic surgery as well as within its body of literature. Although this study highlights areas of growth, it also promotes further inquiry into research productivity and the availability of opportunity within orthopaedic surgery as a whole. The increase in female middle authorship overall and in each journal demonstrates momentum for future growth for women in the field of orthopaedic surgery.
Cianobacterias planctónicas en la zona de ingreso del río Nare al embalse El Peñol-Guatapé
Authors: Cadavid González Sara , Leite Sant’Anna Célia , Ramírez John Jairo
Published: January 2024

Dada la gran importancia ecológica y sanitaria de las cianobacterias y la escasez de información sobre estos organismos en los cuerpos de agua dulce colombianos, se realizó esta investigación con el fin de conocer la composición florística de las cianobacterias planctónicas en la descarga del río Nare en el embalse El Peñol-Guatapé e identificar las especies potencialmente formadoras de floraciones y potencialmente tóxicas. La cuenca del embalse El Peñol-Guatapé (Antioquia) presenta un alto nivel de intervención antrópica que ha ocasionado la eutrofización del sistema. Este fenómeno se ha intensificado en los últimos años, durante los cuales se ha incrementado la frecuencia y la densidad de las floraciones de cianobacterias. Durante la investigación. se realizaron 14 campañas de muestreo entre agosto de 2014 y marzo de 2015. Las muestras fueron colectadas con red de plancton (de 25 mm de tamaño de poro) y preservadas con solución de Transeau. En el proceso, fueron identificados 14 taxones, principalmente de los géneros Microcystis (Lemmermann) y Pseudanabaena (Lauterborn), conocidos por su potencial tóxico. Las características limnológicas del sistema revelan aguas verdosas de baja transparencia y bajas concentraciones de fósforo y nitrógeno inorgánico disuelto.
Chiropterofauna (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from the Altamiro de Moura Pacheco State Park, Goiás, Brazil
Authors: Santos de Carvalho Erica , Almeida Pena Simone , Rodrigues Alexandre Rafaela Jemely , Dias-Silva Karina , Pereira Bastos Rogério , Oprea Monik , Brito Daniel , Conceição da Silva Jessica , Bernardi Vieira Thiago
Published: January 2024

The Brazilian Cerrado is undergoing important changes. It is estimated that 70% of its natural area has converted to human use. The loss and fragmentation of natural habitats is considered the main cause of species loss in ecosystems. However, the lack of knowledge of biodiversity makes it difficult to design effective conservation measures. This article presents a list and an estimate of the richness of bats in the Parque Estadual Altamiro de Moura Pacheco (PEAMP) in Goiás. All collected bats belong to the Phyllostomidae family, with Carollia perspicillata (67%) and Artibeus planirostris (18%) representing 86% of the captured individuals.
“Tan lejos de mi tierra...”: Nota sobre un modelo homérico de Garcilaso
Authors: BÉHAR Roland
Published: January 2024

Este breve ensayo quiere arrojar alguna luz sobre los posibles ecos homéricos de la cláusula final del soneto XVI de Garcilaso de la Vega, “Para la sepultura de don Hernando de Guzmán”. Analizando distintos pasajes de la Ilíada y de la Odisea, sus traducciones del s. XV y algunos epitafios poéticos compuestos en torno a Janus Láscaris, se muestra que el soneto de Garcilaso recupera una fórmula poética de larga tradición, aprovechándola para lograr un efecto final lleno de resonancias antiguas.
Historia, prensa y literatura de un crimen pasional: el caso de la Reina de Tardajos (Soria, 1816-1846)
Authors: Gonzalo García Rosario Consuelo
Published: January 2024

La documentación consultada me permite reconstruir con bastante detalle la historia real de un crimen pasional ocurrido a mediados del siglo XIX en Tardajos de Duero, un pueblecito de la provincia de Soria (España), por el que una mujer y su amante fueron llevados al patíbulo y ajusticiados por garrote vil. Los archivos eclesiásticos custodian los libros que revelan datos muy interesantes sobre la vida personal dela asesina y el ritual de su ejecución. Este crimen tuvo eco en la prensa nacional y reabrió el debateacerca de la pena de muerte en España. Además, rápidamente se convirtió en leyenda a través de laliteratura de cordel y alcanzó un gran impacto en la memoria colectiva, como había sucedido, en siglos anteriores, con otros crímenes pasionales, famosos y atroces, de los que aquí se hará breve mención.
Variantes de autor en un poema de Fernando de Herrera: Elegía a la muerte de don Pedro de Zúñiga
Authors: Montero Delgado Juan
Published: January 2024

Estudiamos en este trabajo un caso dentro del complejo problema textual herreriano, el de la elegía a la muerte de don Pedro de Zúñiga, fallecido seguramente h. 1570-1571. Del poema nos han llegado dos testimonios íntegros, uno en un manuscrito de 1578 y otro impreso en la edición póstuma de los Versos de Herrera por Francisco Pacheco (1619), además del testimonio parcial (tres versos), pero muy útil, que se recoge en las Anotaciones a Garcilaso (1580). El análisis de las variantes demuestra que la versión P es el resultado de una intensa y coherente reescritura del poema, marcada por la intensificación cultista. Esto nos lleva a concluir que su autor es el propio Herrera, en algún momento entre 1582 (Algunas obras) y 1597 (fecha de su muerte). Resulta verosímil que P represente la redacción final del texto, pero no puede demostrarse.
Fernán Caballero: escritura y contradicción | Mercedes Comellas Aguirrezábal (ed. y coord.), Sevilla, Consejería de Cultura y Patrimonio Histórico, Junta de Andalucía, 2022, 191 pp.
Authors: Lora Márquez Claudia
Published: January 2024

Reseña a Fernán Caballero: escritura y contradicción | Mercedes Comellas Aguirrezábal (ed. y coord.), Sevilla, Consejería de Cultura y Patrimonio Histórico. Junta de Andalucía, 2022, 191 pp.
La declaración del Cántico espiritual sanjuanista: algunas notas sobre el idiógrafo de Sanlúcar de Barrameda
Authors: Tanganelli Paolo
Published: January 2024

La tradición del comentario del Cántico espiritual está formada por tres familias de manuscritos: CA, CA’ y CB. Todos los códices son apógrafos con la excepción del ms. S (Sanlúcar de Barrameda) que transmite el texto de la rama CA con correcciones y glosas autógrafas.

Elia detectó en CB una sospechosa contaminación de ejemplares que prueba el carácter apócrifo de dicha versión: CB sigue un testimonio de CA’ en la parte inicial y luego pasa ex abrupto al ms. S (o tal vez, caso de haber existido, a una copia de dicho idiógrafo).

Este estudio demuestra que, dentro de CB (en la explicación de la primera canción), hubo asimismo una contaminación de lecciones, y que desde el principio el redactor de la “versión alargada” tuvo que trabajar con al menos un par de manuscritos.

Además, se ahonda en la técnica de revisión que empleó el místico, con vistas a la representación ecdótica del último estadio de elaboración del idiógrafo: distinción entre añadidos y glosas, variantes alternativas, casos complejos de reescritura.
Razones históricas de la filología de autor aplicada a los textos del Renacimiento italiano
Authors: Albonico Simone
Published: January 2024

Reconsiderando la tradición de la llamada filología de autor, este artículo trata, por un lado, de la definición de dicha disciplina antes de la crítica de las variantes de Contini (sobre todo durante el siglo XIX), y por otro del interés no estrictamente lingüístico-estilístico –ni siquiera solo literario– del que proceden algunas de las grandes empresas editoriales dentro de este ámbito. Tras un rápido repaso a ediciones significativas de textos y casos renacentistas de diferente envergadura, se examina finalmente el ensayo Come lavorava l’Ariosto de Gianfranco Contini, con el objetivo de verificar y reevaluar las variantes allí analizadas y su categorización.
Preliminary permafrost predictions within the Chena River watershed, Alaska, using landscape characteristics
Authors: Alter Ross , Pradhan Nawa Raj , Wagner Anna
Published: January 2024

This Technical Note presents a method to create permafrost predictions in the Chena River watershed near Fairbanks, Alaska, using landscape characteristics. We produced probabilities for near-surface permafrost in the Chena River watershed using a published algorithm applied in a nearby region. The methodology presented serves as a proof of concept for developing permafrost maps using similar data in other cold regions.
Intraoperative Anesthetic Management of Bilateral Intraventricular Hemorrhage Secondary to Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm Rupture in Hypertensive Patient
Authors:   Junior resident, Department of Anesthesiology, Devraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India., Harini D. , Kiran N. ,   Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Devraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India., B. Sinchana ,   Senior Resident, Department of Anesthesiology, Devraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India., Madhusudhana Ravi ,   Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Devraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Primary (IVH) is non traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage confined to the ventricular system which is relatively infrequent, but is more commonly caused by hypertensive (52%) hemorrhagic stroke, followed by trauma (15%), intraventricular arteriovenous malformation (7.5%), coagulopathy (7.5%), diabetic vasculopathy (7.5%), anterior communicating artery aneurysms (3%), and undetectable cause. Clipping of ruptured anterior communicating artery with hypertension possess anesthetic challenges in managing intra-operatively, and when it comes for an ideal neuroprotective agent, barbiturates induced anesthesia was planned. Case Report: A 70 years old male came to our hospital with history of sudden loss of consciousness and a known case of systemic hypertension for 3 years and was on irregular medications, intubated in emergency medicine department in view of low GCS which was difficult intubation. CT brain Angiogram was done and diagnosed as ruptured Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm and underwent Aneurysmal clipping of anterior communicating artery aneurysm under general anesthesia. Emergency medications were kept ready. Intensive neuro monitoring, invasive blood pressure monitoring and to decrease the intraoperative intracranial pressure, to preserve autoregulation of cerebral blood flow, barbiturates induced anesthesia were planned (thiopentone as an induction agent and maintained with inhalational anesthetic agent). Patient was shifted to ICU for observation and extubated on next day uneventfully. Conclusion: We present a successful anesthetic management of hypertensive patient with ruptured anterior communicating artery who underwent clipping of aneurysm. A detailed pre-anesthetic evaluation and proper planning is utmost important to encounter the risk of ischemic injury to brain while clipping of ruptured aneurysmal vessel.
To Determine the Efficacy of Prophylactic use of Ephedrine and Mephentermine in Caesarean Section to Manage Hypotension under Subarachnoid Block
Authors:   Associate professor, Department of Anesthesia, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560060 India., G Asha , S Geethanjali ,   Associate professor, Department of Anesthesia, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560060 India., S Amith ,   Associate professor, Department of Anesthesia, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560060 India., ... Yoganarasimha ,   Professor, Department of Anesthesia, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560060 India.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Anaesthesia to a parturient is not only unique but also requires highest degree of care because the anesthesiologist has to look after two individuals, the mother and foetus. Hypotension during subarachnoid block for caesarean delivery can have detrimental effects on both mother and foetus. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of Ephedrine and Mephentermine prophylactically in managing the hypotension for caesarean section under sub arachanoid block and their undesirable side effects. Materials and Methods: Patients were divided randomly into 2 groups (E group and M group) of 30 each. Patients were premedicatated with inj. Pantaprazole 40mg and inj. Metoclopramide 10 mg and pre loaded with ringer’s lactate at 10ml/kg infusion in the morning of the day of surgery. Baseline pulse rate, blood pressure, and SpO2 were recorded. Subarachnoid block was performed in sitting position, under aseptic conditions with a hyperbaric Bupivacaine 0.5%, 2cc (10mg) using 25 gauge Quincke’s needle. Group E received Ephedrine 3mg and Group M received Mephentramine 3mg prophylacticaly immediately after subarachnoid block.Blood pressure and pulse rate were measured every minute until the delivery, then every 5 minutes till the end of surgery. APGAR score were noted to assess the fetal outcome. Patient were monitored for 2 hours in the post operative recovery room soon after surgery for any untoward complications. Results: Mephentermine significantly increases the systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and reduces the heart rate compared to Ephedrine. Conclusion: Maintenance of SBP between ‘hypotension value’ and baseline value by carefully titrating the vasopressor results in a satisfactory fetal outcome. Both ephedrine and mephentermine are equally efficacious for the management of maternal hypotension in terms of frequency of usage and result in a similar neonatal outcome. Our results suggest that Mephentermine increases the systolic blood pressure and decreases heart rate compared to Ephedrine and therefore more potent for management of hypotension before delivery of the baby during spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing elective Caesarean section.
A Comparative Study of Tramadol vs Butorphanol as an Adjuvant with Local Anaesthetic in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Upper Limb Surgeries
Authors:   Assistant professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhuj 370001, Gujarat, India., Shaikh Iramnaaz , Fumakiya Pooja ,   Assistant professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhuj 370001, Gujarat, India., Asodariya Nidhi ,   3rd Year Resident, Department of Anaesthesiology, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhuj 370001, Gujarat, India.
Published: January 2024

Brachial plexus block is a versatile and reliable regional anaesthesia technique. It is a block of roots, divisions and cords first performed by Halsted in 1884. It provides a useful alternative to general anaesthesia for upper limb surgery by being safe, decreasing the cost of anaesthetic agents, decrease operation theatre pollution and prolonged post-operative pain relief. Objectives: To study comparative effect of adding tramadol and butorphanol as an adjuvant with local anaesthetic (bupivacaine + xyloadrenaline ) in supraclavicular brachial plexus block in upper limb surgeries. Methods and Material: 60 patients were divided into two groups: Group A: inj. bupivacaine 0.5% (15ml)+inj xyloadrenaline (15ml) +inj tramadol(100mg) 2ml+inj ns 3 ml. Group B: inj. bupivacaine 0.5% (15ml)+inj xyloadrenaline (15)ml +inj butorphanol (1mg)1ml + inj ns 4ml. Assessment of onset of sensory and motor blockade, surgical procedure and duration of surgery. Perioperative complications were recorded and managed accordingly. Results: The onset of sensory block was rapid with Tramadol (4.2 min) as compared to Butorphanol (18.83min). The onset of motor blockade was faster with Tramadol (7.7min) as compared to Butorphanol (24.13min). Tramadol has longer duration of sensory (634.66 min) and motor (458.33 min) blockade as compared with butorphanol group (282.03min) and (350.16min) respectively (p<0.05). Duration of surgery and VAS Score was also similar in both groups and statistically not significant. Conclusion: Tramadol greatly reduce the onset time for sensory and motor block as well prolong the sensory and motor block,while Butorphanol has minimal effect on onset and duration of block but it provide post op analgesia.
Comparitive Study of Epidural Fentanyl and Bupivacaine with Epidural Clonidine and Bupivacaine for Postoperative Pain Relief in Lower Abdominal and Lower Limb Surgeries: RCT
Authors:   Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chromepet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600044, India., Selvamani S , Sathyasuba M ,   Assistant professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chromepet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600044, India., Dey Dipro ,   Junior Resident, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chromepet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600044, India.
Published: January 2024

Postoperative pain and discomfort are the major concerns in all patients undergoing any surgery. Delay of discharge is mainly due postoperative pain. So, postoperative pain relief becomes very important. Epidural anal gesiaisone of many recent evidence-base dregimens for postoperative pain relief after surgeries particularly surgeries of abdomen. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy, onset and duration of epidural analgesia of Bupivacaine - Clonidinecombination Vs. Bupivacaine-Fentanyl combination for post-operative analgesia in lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries. Materials and Methods: 50 patients belonging to ASA 1 and 2 were assigned into two groups (25 each). Group F received epidural Fentanyl with 0. 25% Bupivacaine and Group C received epidural Clonidine with 0.25% Bupivacaine. Results: With regard to anxiolysis, increased sedative property with easy arousal, longer and better quality analgesia and patient comfort, epidural clonidine and Bupivacaine combination was found to be superior to epidural Fentanyl and Bupivacaine. Various parameters like HR, Blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic), SPo2, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Ram say Sedation Score (RSS) were observed for 24 hours post operatively. It was follow edup at 15 minutes, 30 min, 120 min, 240 min, 360 min, 480 min, 600 min, 720 min, 840 min, 960 min, 1080 min, 1200 min, 1320 min and 1440 min. Incidencesof side effects were also noted. Conclusion: Clonidine has proved to be very efficient compared to Fentanyl in postoperative analgesia.
A Randomized Double Blinded Comparative Study on Efficacy of Intraoperative Dexmedetomedine versus Tramadol Intravenous Infusion in Prevention of Postoperative Shivering Following Spinal Anaesthesia
Authors:   Resident, Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, G Kuppuswamy Naidu Memorial Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641037, India., Kalkutiginahal Shweta , C Preethi Goutham ,   Senior Resident, Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Bangalore Medical college, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560002, India.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Shivering is a frequent complication reported in 30 to 40% of patients undergoing surgery under regional anaesthesia. It increases oxygen consumption, hypercarbia and minute ventilation. It induces arterial hypoxemia, lactic acidosis, increased intra-ocular pressure, and interferes with patient monitoring and comfort. Most of the studies done in the past have been in the treatment of shivering rather than prevention. This study compared intravenous dexmedetomidine versus intravenous tramadol for prevention of shivering in patients who received spinal anaesthesia for various surgical procedures. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to study and compare the efficacy of intravenous infusion of low dose dexmedetomidine (0.25mcg/kg) vs Tramadol (0.5mg/kg) in the prevention of postoperative shivering. Primary objective was prevention of shivering and Secondary objectives were sedation, hemodynamic changes and nausea and vomiting. Materials and Methods: Prospective randomised double blinded comparative study was done on patients scheduled for elective surgery during June 2018-March 2019 in GKNM Hospital, Coimbatore. Patients were included as per criteria. Informed and written consent was obtained and randomized by computer. Group D received IV Dexmedetomidine of 0.25mcg/Kg dose and Group T received IV Tramadol of 0.5mg/kg. Data was collected and analyzed. Patients were evaluated post operatively by the investigator who was blinded to the group assigned. Results: The mean age of the total population was 39.55 ± 11.73 years with male predominance in tramadol group. Dexmedetomedine was more effective in preventing shivering, 16 patients (40%) of group D had shivering compared to 24 patients (60%) of tramadol group. This difference though was not statistically significant, numerically showed that dexmedetomedine was better in prevention of shivering. The tramadol group had early onset of shivering in comparison to Dexmedetomedine group (p<0.05). Dexmedetomedine group had higher grades of sedation and incidence of nausea and vomiting was higher in tramadol group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomedine even at a lower dose is comparatively a more effective drug for prevention of shivering with fewer side effects than tramadol in patients undergoing surgery under spinal anaesthesia.
A Randomized Prospective Study to Compare Use of I-GELTM and LMA ProsealTM in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Anesthesiology, Rajiv Gandhi Super Specialty Hospital, Dilshad Garden, New Delhi 110093, India., Mathur Spriha , Rao Manjula Sudhakar ,   Senior Resident, Department of Anesthesiology, Father Muller Medical College, Kankanady, Mangalore 575002, Karnataka, India., Arora Ravindra Kumar ,   Senior Consultant, Department of Anesthesiology, MAX Super Specialty Hospital, Vaishali, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201012, India.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: With the availability of supraglottic devices in providing effective seal even in conditions of raised airway pressures, use of these devices in laparoscopic surgeries has become popular. Of the various supraglottic devices being used in laparoscopic surgery LMA ProSealTM and i-gelTM airway are commonly used with efficacy. The aim of this study was to compare the use of i-gelTM and LMA ProSealTM in patients undergoing Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methodology: This was a prospective randomized, hospital based study conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Adult inpatients of either gender posted for elective laparoscopic surgery were recruited in the study. A total of 100 patients were included out of which 50 each were randomly allocated to either i-gelTM group (Group I) or LMA ProSealTM group (Group P). After randomization, the chosen supraglottic airway device (i-gel/Proseal LMA) was inserted. Airway insertion attempts, time to successful ventilation, Gastric tube placement, Airway sealing quality, Numbers of attempts required for correct placement and complications were recorded and the data was assessed. Results: Demographic data were comparable in the two groups. The Ventilation time was found to be significantly faster with PLMA as compared to i-gel. I-gel and Proseal showed no significant differences in the airway and gastric tube insertion attempts, ventilation success rate, airway sealing pressures, SpO2, EtCO 2, airway sealing quality score and intra abdominal pressures. Conclusion: Both i-gel and Proseal both provide adequate ventilation in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries. Complications such as airway injury and bleeding with Proseal LMA are significantly more as compared to i-gel.