bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Efficacy of Connected Healthcare: An Empirical Examination of Patient Engagement Approaches and Their Impact on Readmission
Authors: Lekwijit Suparerk , Terwiesch Christian , Asch David A. , Volpp Kevin G.
Published: July 2023

Connected healthcare is a form of health delivery that connects patients and providers through connected health devices, allowing providers to monitor patient behavior and proactively intervene before an adverse event occurs. Unlike the costs, the benefits of connected healthcare in improving patient behavior and health outcomes are usually difficult to determine. In this study, we examine the efficacy of a connected health system that aimed to reduce readmissions through improved medication adherence. Specifically, we study 975 patients with heart disease who received electronic pill bottles that tracked medication adherence. Patients who were nonadherent received active social support that involved different types of feedback, such as text messages and calls. By integrating data on adherence, intervention, and readmission, we aim to (1) investigate the efficacy of connected healthcare in promoting medication adherence, (2) examine the relationship between medication adherence and readmission, and (3) develop a dynamic readmission risk-scoring model that considers medication adherence and use the model to better target nonadherent patients. Our findings suggest that patients are more likely to become adherent when they or their partners receive high levels of intervention that involve personalized feedback and when the intervention is escalated quickly and consistently. We also find that long-term adherence to three common heart medications is strongly associated with reduced readmission risk. Lastly, using counterfactual simulation, we apply the dynamic readmission risk-scoring model to our setting and find that, when using an intervention strategy that prioritizes high-risk patients, we obtain 10% fewer readmissions while using the same effort level from the patient support team.

This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.

Funding: The randomized, controlled trial was funded by the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation [Healthcare Innovation Award 1C1CMS331009].

Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4865 .
REINTERPRETASI MA'NA QITAL DENGAN PENDEKATAN MA'NA CUM MAGZA
Authors: Mala Faiqotul
Published: July 2023

The problem of terrorism raises concerns and unrest that never ends. Terrorism acts are still a potential threat to national security stability, so it demands the government's vigilance to prevent and overcome them. One of the factors causing the difficulty of overcoming the problem of terrorism is ideological differences and understanding of religious teachings or interpretations of qital verses that are less precise. On the other hand, differences in the method of interpreting a verse from various groups also color the pattern of people's understanding of Islam. Therefore, this article tries to reinterpret the understanding of the qital verse which has been used as a legitimacy to justify acts of terror. Of the many qital verses contained in the Qur'an, this article only focuses on the interpretation of Surah al-Baqoroh verses 190 and 191. By using the ma'na cum magza approach in interpreting and understanding these verses, it will be proven how far the theory goes. ma'na cum maghza can be an alternative interpretation methodology that leads to a relevant understanding. The theory promoted by Sahiron sets an operational step which includes linguistic analysis first, then historical analysis (historical analysis) and then develops the significance of the verse according to with the current situation.
The Prohibition of Eyelash Extensions for Women
Authors: Oktaviani Diva Rahayu , Muhid Muhid , Nurita Andris
Published: July 2023

This article delves into the understanding of the hadith regarding the use of eyelash extensions for women, focusing on the implications of this practice. In today's society, women place great importance on their appearance, which has led to a surge in the popularity of various beauty enhancements. However, considering the hadith narrated by Muslim (index number 2123), wherein the Prophet forbade women from using hair extensions, it becomes crucial to gain a deeper understanding of the permissibility of eyelash extensions, particularly for women. To address this issue, a qualitative research approach is employed in this study, utilizing library research and content analysis methods. Through a thorough examination of relevant literature and scholarly discussions, the article aims to shed light on the interpretation and application of the hadith in the context of eyelash extensions. By examining the underlying reasons behind the prohibition and exploring any potential exceptions or considerations, this research seeks to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the understanding of the hadith and its relevance to the use of eyelash extensions for women. This research highlights the need for a nuanced perspective, taking into account the evolving societal norms and personal preferences while remaining grounded in the teachings of Islam. Ultimately, this article serves as a resource for individuals seeking guidance on the permissibility of eyelash extensions, especially among Muslim women, in navigating contemporary beauty practices within the framework of Islamic principles.
Negative Communication on The Perspective of Indonesian Religion Ministry in Tafsir Tematik Departemen Agama: An Effort to Build Positive Attitudes and Words
Authors: Firmansyah Rizki
Published: July 2023

Many people miss understanding more deeply that Koran only talks about the lawful and unlawful, the reward for sin, and heaven and hell. The Koran is a holy book that presents various general descriptions of issues in human life. In the present context, the Quran can always adapt itself, its understanding is not only limited to 1500 years ago, and the sentences in it are so rich in messages. The wealth of Quranic sentences are strung together in many existing commentary books. One of the thematic studies of the Koran is about communication and information in the Koran. Overall, the Quran is the book of God's communication with his creatures, in which it contains the creator's “talk” to humans to listen, respond, and carry out orders, human understanding of this form of Quranic communication will lead to many positive actions. One thing that may be overlooked is that positive actions do not always come from positive sentences, there are passages in the Quran which in their communications present negative sentences to turn them into positive actions. This research is a qualitative study using a text analysis approach, the main source obtained in this study comes from the thematic interpretations written by the team of the Republic of Indonesia's Department of Religion. The conclusion of this study found several verses with negative nuances mentioned in the Quran so that humans remember and stay away from them.
Delayed Onset of Pediatric Morel-Lavallée Lesion: A Case Report
Authors: Remien Kailey A , Khemka Sapna , Person Allison , Mike Thomas B
Published: July 2023

Introduction: A Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) is a closed degloving injury secondary to shearing forces. MLL is a rare, easily overlooked diagnosis, especially in those without recent trauma or fracture. Patients will present with ecchymosis, edema, fluctuance, and skin hypermobility or tightness. We present a case of pediatric MLL that was initially challenging to diagnose as the inciting trauma was 2 months before her diagnosis. Case Report: A 14-year-old girl presented with 5 days of left leg bruising, swelling, and pain. Two months prior, she collided with another softball player’s cleat and developed a hairline fracture. Magnetic resonance imaging of the left lower extremity (LLE) showed a closed, soft-tissue degloving injury, and she was diagnosed with a MLL. Throughout her admission, she had improvement in her bruising but continued to have pain with ambulation that was somewhat alleviated with the use of a compression stocking. Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery and Interventional Radiology were consulted, and a conservative approach was recommended with 3 months of LLE compression. Conclusion: MLL typically occurs in patients in their 30–40 s and rarely occurs in children. Identifying MLL in children is essential as children are more susceptible to shock and multi-organ damage from blunt trauma than adults. They are also more vulnerable to fractures and deep organ injuries. In the setting of MLL, children can quickly develop hypovolemic shock due to lower blood volumes and necrosis secondary to mass effect in the dead space. MLL should be included on the differential for children with trauma or a history of a shearing injury. Keywords: Pediatrics, orthopedics, bruising, trauma.
Inference and quantile regression for the unit-exponentiated Lomax distribution
Authors: Fayomi Aisha , Hassan Amal S. , Almetwally Ehab M.
Published: July 2023

In probability theory and statistics, it is customary to employ unit distributions to explain practical variables having values between zero and one. This study suggests a brand-new distribution for modelling data on the unit interval called the unit-exponentiated Lomax (UEL) distribution. The statistical aspects of the UEL distribution are shown. The parameters corresponding to the proposed distribution are estimated using widely recognized estimation techniques, such as Bayesian, maximum product of spacing, and maximum likelihood. The effectiveness of the various estimators is assessed through a simulated scenario. Using mock jurors and food spending data sets, the UEL regression model is demonstrated as an alternative to unit-Weibull regression, beta regression, and the original linear regression models. Using Covid-19 data, the novel model outperforms certain other unit distributions according to different comparison criteria.
Eta-Reduction in Type-Theory of Acyclic Recursion
Authors: Loukanova Roussanka
Published: July 2023

We investigate the applicability of the classic eta-conversion in the type-theory of acyclic algorithms. While denotationally valid, classic eta-conversion is not algorithmically valid in the type theory of algorithms, with the exception of few limited cases. The paper shows how the restricted, algorithmic eta-rule can recover algorithmic eta-conversion in the reduction calculi of type-theory of algorithms.
Association Between Anxiety/Depression and Gastroesophageal Reflux: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zamani Mohammad , Alizadeh-Tabari Shaghayegh , Chan Walter W. , Talley Nicholas J.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:

An association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and common psychiatric conditions, most notably anxiety and depression, has been reported. However, the magnitude of this association is poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to systematically assess this issue.

METHODS:

We comprehensively searched multiple bibliographic databases (Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) from inception to May 15, 2023. We retrieved observational studies that reported the prevalence of anxiety and/or depressive symptoms diagnosed by validated questionnaires in ≥100 adults (aged 18 years or older) with GERD. We also included cohort studies that explored the risk of incident GERD in subjects with anxiety/depression vice versa scenario. Finally, we included Mendelian randomization studies that assessed the cause-and-effect relationship between anxiety/depression and GERD. The extracted data were combined using a random-effects model.

RESULTS:

In total, 36 eligible studies were included. The pooled prevalences of anxiety and depressive symptoms were 34.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 24.7–44.2;I2= 99.4%) and 24.2% (95% CI 19.9–28.5;I2= 98.8%) in subjects with GERD based on 30 studies, respectively. Both anxiety and depressive symptoms were more common in subjects with GERD compared with those in healthy controls (odds ratio = 4.46 [95% CI 1.94–10.25] and odds ratio = 2.56 [95% CI 1.11–5.87], respectively). According to 3 cohort studies, subjects with GERD were at an increased risk of developing anxiety/depression and vice versa. Finally, 3 Mendelian randomization studies showed that genetic liability to these mood disorders is linked to an increased risk of developing GERD and vice versa.

DISCUSSION:

Up to 1 in 3 subjects with GERD experience anxiety and depression. There is likely a bidirectional causal relationship between anxiety/depression and GERD.
Genetic alterations of KRAS and TP53 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with poor prognosis
Authors: Peng Jianbo , Fang Shuo , Li Meisheng , Liu Yuxin , Liang Xiaolu , Li Zuobiao , Chen Gaohui , Peng Lijiao , Chen Nianping , Liu Lei , Xu Xiaohong , Dai Wei
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate certain genetic features of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA). A total of 12 eligible ICCA patients were enrolled, and tumor tissues from the patients were subjected to next-generation sequencing of a multi-genes panel. Tumor mutation burden (TMB), mutated genes, copy number variants (CNVs), and pathway enrichment analysis were performed. The median TMB was 2.76 Mutation/Mb (range, 0–36.62 Mutation/Mb) in ICCA patients. The top two most commonly mutated genes in ICCA were KRAS (33%) and TP53 (25%). The co-mutations of KRAS and TP53 were 16.7% (2/12) in ICCA patients. Notably, patient P6 with the highest TMB did not have KRAS and TP53 mutations. Additionally, TP53 and/or KRAS alterations were significantly associated with poor progression-free survival than those with wild type (1.4 months vs 18 months). DNA damage repair and homologs recombinant repair deficiencies were significantly associated with high TMB in ICCA cases. In conclusion, we found that certain genetic mutations of TP53 and KRAS could predict poor prognosis in ICCA patients.
Vowel harmony in Rma: a diachronic perspective
Authors: Sims Nathaniel A.
Published: July 2023

This paper looks at the vowel harmony system of Ronghong Rma (Qiang). This system has previously been described in terms of synchronic vowel alternations. This paper takes a different approach to explore the diachronic element of vowel harmony. The finding is that ‘harmonization’ is epiphenomenal and that the vowel alternations are the results of regular sound changes from an earlier stage in the language. This diachronic perspective brings into focus a chain shift in the vowel system and clarifies the etymologies of forms that have undergone these changes. It also reveals the importance of uvular consonants as conditioning environments for vowel changes in Ronghong Rma.
Lung ultrasound-guided PEEP titration in COVID–19 patients treated with CPAP
Authors: Bosso Giorgio , Sansone Gennaro , Papillo Martina , Giaquinto Alessandro , Orefice Silvia , Allegorico Enrico , Serra Claudia , Minerva Valentina , Mercurio Valentina , Cannavacciuolo Francesca , Dello Vicario Ferdinando , Porta Giovanni , Pagano Antonio , Numis Fabio Giuliano
Published: July 2023

Objectives

An increasing number of COVID–19 patients were treated with continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP). To evaluate the clinical effects of personalized positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) compared to standard fixed PEEP in COVID-19 patients requiring CPAP.

Methods

This is a single center, prospective, randomized clinical study. Sixty-three COVID-19 patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure and bilateral pneumonia were randomized in two Groups: Group A received CPAP with fixed PEEP of 10 cm H2O, Group B performed the “PEEP trial”, that consists in the evaluation of best PEEP defined as the PEEP value that precedes the echographic appearance of “lung pulse” determining a PaO2/FiO2 increase. Primary outcome was composite in-hospital mortality + intubation, secondary outcome was the percentage increase of PaO2/FiO2. As safety indicator, the incidence of pneumothorax was collected.

Results

Thirty-two patients were enrolled in Group A and 31 in Group B. The two groups were comparable for clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters. The primary outcome occurred in 36 (57.1 %) patients: 23 (71.8 %) in Group A and 13 (41.9 %) in Group B (p<0.01). Mortality was higher in Group A (53.1 vs. 19.3 %, p<0.01), while intubation rate was comparable between groups. Group B showed a higher PaO2/FiO2 increase than Group A (34.9 vs. 13.1 %, p<0.01). Five cases of pneumothorax were reported in Group A, none in Group B.

Conclusions

Lung ultrasound-guided PEEP trial is associated with lower mortality in COVID-19 patients treated with CPAP. Identifying the best PEEP is useful to increase oxygenation and reduce the incidence of complications.
Nathan Meyer-Rothschild’s Reproduction of Business Masculinity in the Portrait A View from the Royal Exchange. A Historical, Bourdieusian and Visual Semiotic Exploration
Authors: Giazitzoglu Andreas , Wilson John
Published: July 2023

Business Masculinity represents a distinctly English configuration of masculinity that was hegemonic in the City of London’s banking and finance industry until recently. This work uses visual semiotic analysis, historical analysis and Bourdieusian concepts to show how Rothschild reproduced the aesthetics of Business Masculinity in the portrait A View from the Royal Exchange (1817) by using clothing and other symbolic cultural capital. To secure his trajectory, Rothschild needed to align his identity with Business Masculinity and thus Englishness – and disassociate himself from Jewish masculinity – in a culture of antisemitism, as well as deal with the repercussions arising from his alleged manipulation of information about the Battle of Waterloo (1815). In this context, the portrait played a significant part in Rothschild’s public identity-management. Shortly after the portrait’s publication, Rothschild was trusted with key information and opportunities which were conducive to his enterprise growing exponentially. It is suggested that the portrait played a hitherto underacknowledged part in Rothschild’s trajectory, by disassociating Rothschild from Jewish masculinity and associating Rothschild with Business Masculinity.
Magnetic nanoparticles in 3D-printed scaffolds for biomedical applications
Authors: Marovič Nina , Ban Irena , Maver Uroš , Maver Tina
Published: July 2023

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have recently attracted considerable attention, mainly due to their unique magnetic properties and biocompatibility. Although MNPs have been extensively studied for biomedical applications, there are still very few studies on them as part of three-dimensional (3D)-printed scaffolds. Thus, this review aims to show the potential of MNPs to modulate various properties of 3D-printed scaffolds. 3D Printing is for itself a contemporary method in biomedicine, owing to its ability to produce versatile scaffolds with complex shapes enabling a homogeneous distribution of cells or other entrapped compounds, as well as possible precise control of pore size and shape, porosity, and interconnectivity of pores that contribute to structural stability. All mentioned properties can be upgraded or complemented with the specific properties of MNPs (e.g., biocompatibility and positive effect on cell proliferation). Considering the latest related literature and a steadily increasing number of related publications, the fabrication of magnetically responsive scaffolds is among the most interesting strategies in tissue engineering. According to the literature, incorporating MNPs into scaffolds can improve their mechanical properties and significantly affect biological properties, such as cellular responses. Moreover, under the influence of an external magnetic field, MNPs significantly promoted cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation.
NASAL HOMORGANIK DALAM DIALEK MELAYU SEMENANJUNG
Authors: Bin Hasrah Mohd Tarmizi
Published: July 2023

The homorganic nasal process of Malay dialects in the Peninsula is not an isolated phenomenon because it has been studied extensively, primarily by Nik Safiah (1966, 1967). However, the existing studies at least contain two weaknesses, i.e. (i) they solely focus on certain dialects; and (ii) they do not touch on important issues that are related to historical conclusion. This article is one of the efforts to address the aforementioned weaknesses. In doing so, it presents a bird’s-eye view by focusing on the distribution of the homorganic nasal process in the Malay Peninsula before proceeding to discuss its evolution. To reach these goals, this article applied the dialectology diachronic approach using innovation and retention as analytical tools. This article comes up with a conclusion which contradicts the previous researches about the homorganic nasal rules. The findings correspond to the inability of the existing rules to explain the evolution of homorganic nasal in a number of dialects, especially the Hulu Pahang dialect. In addition, the article also finds that the homorganic nasal process gradually evolves from one dialect to another. The study also concludes that the Malay dialects in the Peninsula are formed by a chain of network, which defies the traditional Malay dialect classification using tree models.
 
Gejala nasal homorganik dalam dialek-dialek Melayu di Semenanjung bukanlah satu gejala terpencil kerana deskripsi mengenainya memang sudah kerap dilakukan, dan antara pengkaji yang paling awal melakukannya ialah Nik Safiah (1966, 1967). Walau bagaimanapun, dokumentasi dan pemerian yang sedia ada ini memperlihatkan kekurangan dari dua segi: (i) tidak menyeluruh kerana hanya terbatas pada dialek-dialek tertentu; dan, (ii) analisisnya tidak berupaya menyerlahkan hubungan sejarawi yang boleh menjadi dasar kepada penentuan hipotesis tentang asal usul gejala tersebut, dan kemungkinan kewujudan rangkaiannya, kerana terhad kepada aspek sinkronik. Makalah ini adalah satu usaha untuk menangani kedua-dua kekurangan yang dinyatakan ini. Maka, yang dibincangkan di sini ialah satu tinjauan yang bersifat umum mengenai penyebaran nasal homorganik dalam dialek-dialek Melayu yang terdapat di Semenanjung. Setelah memaparkan gejala tersebut secara deskriptif, makalah ini berusaha untuk tiba pada pemaparan mengenai perkembangan nasal homorganik, seperti yang diperlihatkan oleh dialek-dialek yang dikaji. Bagi mencapai objektif yang telah ditetapkan, makalah ini menerapkan pendekatan dialektologi diakronik yang secara khusus memberi keutamaan kepada aspek inovasi dan retensi. Makalah ini menarik satu kesimpulan penting bahawa rumus nasal homorganik yang dicadangkan oleh para pengkaji lampau gagal beroperasi dalam beberapa kes, khususnya di Hulu Pahang. Selain itu, makalah ini juga mendapati bahawa gejala nasal homorganik berupaya menyerlahkan perkembangan dialek-dialek Melayu di Semenanjung secara bertahap. Dapatan kedua ini bermaksud dialek-dialek ini membentuk satu rantaian sambung-menyambung, maka menolak pengelompokan berdasarkan rajah pohon
KEBERKESANAN PEMBELAJARAN DAN PENGAJARAN DALAM TALIAN (EPEMBELAJARAN) TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN PELAJAR DI KOLEJ KOMUNITI HULU LANGAT
Authors: Abu Hassan Siti Azura , Suzana Binti Zainol Abidin  , Zulkurnain Bin Hassan
Published: July 2023

Aspects of learning and teaching have also been affected as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, COVID-19 is seen as a transformational agent and catalyst for the comprehensive implementation of online learning (e-learning). The learning and teaching process at the school and higher education institutions continues because face-to-face learning can now be replaced by virtual learning. At Hulu Langat Community College (KKHL), online learning and teaching (e-learning) has been applied as an alternative to conventional learning methods, namely face-to-face learning in the lecture room so that learning can continue. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of online learning and teaching, a study was conducted to identify the level of effectiveness and obstacles faced by students. Questionnaire sets were distributed to 229 students who are currently following online learning and teaching at KKHL. Descriptive statistics are used to analyze relevant data to answer the research questions. The results of the study show that the level of effectiveness of using online learning is at a high level (mean 3.8046) and the obstacles faced are at a moderate level (mean 3.1405). Although the results of the study show that the level of effectiveness is high, every obstacle faced by students needs to be acted upon immediately so that the effectiveness of learning and teaching can be further improved.
 
Aspek pembelajaran dan pengajaran turut terkesan akibat daripada pandemik COVID-19. Walau bagaimanapun, COVID-19 dilihat sebagai agen transformasi dan pemangkin kepada pelaksanaan pembelajaran dalam talian (e-pembelajaran) secara komprehensif. Proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran di peringkat sekolah dan institusi pengajian tinggi tetap terus berjalan kerana pembelajaran bersemuka kini boleh digantikan dengan pembelajaran maya. Di Kolej Komuniti Hulu Langat (KKHL) pembelajaran dan pengajaran dalam talian (epembelajaran) telah diaplikasikan sebagai alternatif kepada kaedah pembelajaran secara konvensional iaitu pembelajaran bersemuka dalam bilik kuliah supaya pembelajaran dapat diteruskan. Bagi menilai keberkesanan pembelajaran dan pengajaran dalam talian satu kajian telah dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti tahap keberkesanan dan halangan yang dihadapi pelajar. Set soal selidik diedarkan kepada 229 orang pelajar yang sedang mengikuti pembelajaran dan pengajaran secara dalam talian di KKHL. Statistik deskriptif digunakan bagi menganalisa data-data yang berkaitan untuk menjawab persoalan-persoalan kajian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tahap keberkesanan penggunaan pembelajaran dalam talian berada pada tahap tinggi (min 3.8046) dan halangan yang dihadapi berada pada tahap sederhana (min 3.1405). Walaupun hasil kajian menunjukkan tahap keberkesanan adalah tinggi namun setiap halangan yang dihadapi oleh pelajar perlu diambil tindakan segera agar keberkesanan pembelajaran dan pengajaran dapat dipertingkatkan lagi.
Las fuerzas armadas del Perú y los nuevos escenarios y retos de la seguridad
Authors: Fonseca-Ortiz Tania Lucía , Bahamón-Jara Martha Lucía , Moreno-Peláez Jesús Eduardo
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo la identificación de nuevos escenarios en materia de seguridad y defensa para las fuerzas armadas en el Perú, desde la caracterización de las amenazas y los retos endógenos o exógenos a los que se enfrentan en la actualidad. La metodología empleada se basa en el análisis del reporte cuantitativo de datos desagregados elaborado por el Proyecto de Justicia Mundial (PJW) y su correlación con los datos del Banco Mundial, desde factores interrelacionados con los recursos del sector defensa. Entre los resultados, se registró que los índices de orden y seguridad del Perú se ubican en una menor adhesión al Estado de derecho y que, por su parte, la relación de los recursos del sector defensa propicia el estructuramiento básico de las fuerzas armadas para preservar la seguridad multidimensional en el país ante las amenazas desde los nuevos escenarios.
Los actores militares en comisiones de la verdad de América Latina
Authors: Botero Martínez José Leonar , Daza González Alfonso
Published: July 2023

Este artículo analiza a los actores militares en las comisiones de la verdad de los casos de Argentina, Chile, El Salvador, Guatemala, Perú y Colombia, contribuyendo a la reflexión sobre la justicia transicional en América Latina. Para tal efecto, se recurrió al estudio comparado con el fin de referenciar las violaciones a los derechos humanos atribuidas a estos actores en los informes finales y determinar los comportamientos asumidos por la institucionalidadmilitar en dichos mecanismos transicionales, creados y desarrollados luego de un periodo de dictaduras o de conflictos armados internos.
Derechos de los campesinos, censos y conflicto armado en el norte del Cauca
Authors: Llano Franco Jairo Vladimir , Velasco Cano Nicole
Published: July 2023

Este artículo busca aportar a las deliberaciones sobre los campesinos como sujetos de derecho diferenciados, que pretenden que estos sean considerados como comunidades étnicas en igual proporción que los pueblos indígenas y las comunidades negras. Esta pretensión puede realizarse, debido a que la Declaración de las Naciones Unidas sobre Derechos de los Campesinos y de Otras Personas que Trabajan en las Zonas Rurales impulsa esa posibilidad. A esto se suma que la jurisprudencia de las altas cortes y los jueces constitucionales han tendido paulatinamente a ese reconocimiento de diversidad

e identidad cultural. Así mismo, hace algún tiempo los académicos de las distintas ciencias sociales han aportado desde sus reflexiones e investigaciones a identificar el campesinado con sus respectivas cosmovisiones, lo cual es una determinación esencial para la convivencia rural
La inconmensurabilidad en la formación de procesos jurídicos: anotaciones críticas sobre las certificaciones de costumbres mercantiles en Colombia
Authors: Latorre-Iglesias Edimer Leonardo , Canizales Rodríguez Rafael Antonio , Olarte Molina María Alejandra
Published: July 2023

Los resultados de investigación obtenidos con metodologías de investigación holística, que se exponen bajo la tipología de articulo de reflexión, ahondan sobre la facticidad y la validez de los diseños metodológicos en los procesos de recopilación y certificación de las costumbres mercantiles en las cámaras de comercio en Colombia. Se propone teóricamente una revisión del nexo entre epistemología y derecho, para poder plantear requisitos de validez científica en investigaciones relacionadas con recopilación de costumbres mercantiles
Limitación de derechos en estados de excepción y emergencia sanitaria: elusión y control débil de constitucionalidad frente a la buena administración
Authors: Jiménez William-Guillermo , Meneses Quintana Orlando
Published: July 2023

La situación ocasionada por el covid-19 desató la imposición de una gran cantidad de medidas tendientes a su contención y control por parte de los gobiernos en todo el planeta. Entre las medidas adoptadas para hacer frente a la pandemia, se utilizó la declaratoria del estado de emergencia sanitaria y de los estados de excepción, durante los cuales se ha limitado el ejercicio de ciertos derechos fundamentales, como la libertad de circulación, el derecho al trabajo, el derecho a la recreación y a la educación, entre otros. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los desafíos que la pandemia ha generado para la vigencia de los derechos fundamentales y el tipo de control de constitucionalidad que se necesita para su protección. Este estudio es explicativo y exploratorio, con un método cualitativo, mediante el uso de fuentes primarias y secundarias, con técnicas de análisis documental y observación directa. Se concluye que la limitación de ciertos derechos en virtud de medidas de emergencia sanitaria, puede llegar a ser abusiva o evidentemente inconstitucional por parte del Poder Ejecutivo, al no existir la obligatoriedad de un control automático o inmediato de constitucionalidad sobre este tipo de normas que se ejercen muchas veces mediante facultades ordinarias; cosa contraria sucede con las medidas adoptadas bajo la declaratoria del estado de excepción, que presenta mayores garantías al exigirse un control automático y oportuno de la Corte Constitucional. Se proponen dos soluciones: 1) vía jurisprudencial, la Corte o Tribunal avoca el conocimiento directo de tales decretos expedidos por el presidente, basta que limiten, restrinjan o suspendan derechos humanos fundamentales; 2) por medio de una reforma constitucional sobre los estados de excepción, en donde se incluya este tipo de decretos o normas sanitarias.
Understanding Olympic Diplomacy: The Refugee Team at the 2020 Tokyo Games
Authors: Almeida William Douglas de , Rubio Katia
Published: July 2023

At the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, 29 athletes competed for the Olympic Refugee Team. It was the second time in the history of the Summer Olympic Games that athletes from different origins but living under refugee conditions competed under the same flag. This article aims to analyze the composition of the refugee team, identifying the connections between the athletes' points of origin and destination and the status of official refugee data around the world. As a result, it is observed that the Olympic refugee team plays an important role in giving visibility to this social issue, which is an expensive topic nowadays and enables high-performance athletes not to be excluded from the Olympic Games due to political problems. There is also an important political and diplomatic role played by the International Olympic Committee, allowing the presence of these athletes, but also of competitors from countries that are points of origin for refugees. However, there are still some challenges, such as the concentration of athletes currently living in Europe, facing a low number of refugees who live elsewhere, despite a large number of refugees living in other continents.
Experiencias para la investigación estudiantil en tiempos de pandemia: un aula Virtual
Authors: Castro Cisneros Reinaldo , Cisneros Garbey Susana
Published: July 2023

El aula virtual “Investigando la  cultura física” contribuye a potenciar la actividad 

científica estudiantil y el acompañamiento tutoral en la Licenciatura en Cultura Física así como en una de sus fuentes principales de ingreso dentro de la provincia Santiago de Cuba: la Escuela de Profesores de Educación Física (EPEF). Posee alta calidad ya que utiliza una interfaz de usuario ergonómica y motivante que estimula su uso continuo. Ha sido aplicada, con notables resultados, durante los cursos escolares 2018-2019 y 2019-2020 generalizándose su uso en esa carrera de la Universidad de Oriente. Asimismo, durante el período de emergencia sanitaria provocado por la COVID 19 resultó muy útil para dar continuidad a los estudios universitarios en el distanciamiento que implica a las diferentes fases preventivas asumidas por la provincia y el país.
Modification of jack pine TMP long fibers by alkaline peroxide - Part 1. Chemical characteristics of fibers and spent liquor
Authors: Han Ying , Law Kwei-Nam , Lanouette Robert
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this work was to improve the quality of jack pine TMP long fibers, particularly with respect to the strength properties, by alkaline peroxide treatment. This paper reports the chemical characteristics of the treated long fibers and the spent liquors originating from various treatments. It was observed that, in comparison with hydrogen peroxide, the alkalinity of the treatment solutions had a greater influence on most fibre characteristics and spent liquor properties.
Ethanol production from xylose and wood hydrolyzate by Mucor indicus at different aeration rates
Authors: Millatia Ria , Karimib Keikhosro , Edeboc Lars , Niklassond Claes , Taherzadeh Mohammad J.
Published: July 2023

The fungus Mucor indicus is able to produce ethanol from xylose as well as dilute-acid lignocellulosic hydrolyzates. The fungus completely assimilated 10 g/L xylose as the sole carbon and energy source within 32 to 65 h at an aeration rate of 0.1 to 1.0 vvm. The highest ethanol yield was 0.16 g/g at 0.1 vvm. Xylitol was formed intermediately with a maximum yield of 0.22 g/g at 0.5 vvm, but disappeared towards the end of experiments. During cultivation in a mixture of xylose and glucose, the fungus did not assimilate xylose as long as glucose was present in the medium. The anaerobic cultivation of the fungus in the hydrolyzate containing 20% xylose and 80% hexoses resulted in no assimilation of xylose but complete consumption of the hexoses in less than 15 h. The ethanol yield was 0.44 g/g. However, the xylose in the hydrolyzate was consumed when the media was aerated at 0.067 to 0.333 vvm. The best ethanol yield was 0.44 g/g at 0.067 vvm. The results of this study suggest that M. indicus hydrolyzate can be first fermented anaerobically for hexose assimilation and subsequently continued under oxygen-limited conditions for xylose fermentation.
Vanillin production by Phanerochaete chrysosporium grown on green coconut agro-industrial husk in solid state fermentation
Authors: Barbosa Elisabete dos Santos , Perrone Daniel , do Amaral Vendramini Ana Lúcia , Ferreira Leite Selma Gomes
Published: July 2023

Agro-industrial residues have become an important source for the production of chemical compounds using biological pathways, contributing to preservation of the environment and making the overall process economically supportable. Vanillin is a very important aromatic compound for the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the vanillin production by solid-state fermentation on green coconut residue using the basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Solid-state fermentation was carried on a support of green coconut husk treated in two different ways: sun-dried and mechanical-pressed. A Plackett-Burman experimental design was used to screen the compounds of liquid medium culture of the vanillin production. Nineteen variables were studied to optimize the culture conditions, and eleven of them were significant. The screening improved the production of vanillin from 44.4 mg/g of support to 52.5 mg/g of support in 24 hours of fermentation. Sun-dried coconut husk was found to be superior to mechanical-pressed coconut husk for production of vanillin. HPLC was used for the quantification of vanillin aroma.
Characterization of refined hemp fibers using NIR FT Raman micro spectroscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Kovur Siva Kumar , Schenzel Karla C. , Grimm Eckhard , Diepenbrock Wulf
Published: July 2023

The research was focused on the separation of single hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibre cells with low fineness from mechanically extracted fibre bundles of high fineness. The fiber bundles were treated with enzymes, namely panzym, pectinase, hemicellulase, and cellulase, along with a combination of panzym and ultrasonic treatments. Changes in the fiber structure were followed at molecular and microscopic levels by means of NIR FT Raman spectroscopy and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM). Buffer-panzym treatments of hemp fibers had a prominent effect in loosening of the fiber cells. The best of refining was achieved when the fiber bundles were treated with buffer-panzym solution in combination with ultrasonic treatment.
Evaluation of heavy metal removal by oxidised lignins in acid media from various sources
Authors: Quintana Germán C. , Rocha George J. M. , Gonçalves Adilson R. , Velásquez Jorge A.
Published: July 2023

The capacity for removal of heavy metals from liquid streams by formation of complexes with lignins oxidized by acid treatment was studied. Lignins were obtained from different sources: sulfuric acid pre-treated cane bagasse, soda pulping bagasse, eucalypt Kraft lignin, and commercial Kraft lignin. These lignins were characterized using different techniques to determine Klason lignin, carbohydrates, total acids, ashes, and their main functional groups: phenolic-OH, carbonyls, etc. The studied lignins were determined spectroscopically using FTIR. In order to increase the metal adsorption capacity, lignins were oxidized at 100°C during 2 h, using aqueous solutions of H2O2 in distilled water solvent and HCl catalyst. Some lignin adsorption isotherms were constructed before and after the oxidation process to define Cd(II) ion removal capacity.
Repurchased, Ordered, Inherited: The Origins of Woodcut Blocks in the Königsberg Printing House of Hans Daubmann and His Heirs
Authors: Jurkowlaniec Grażyna
Published: July 2023

Strategies adopted by the early modern printers vis-à-vis the acquisition and use of woodcut blocks depended on various internal and external factors. One might assume that the former—a printer’s personal ambitions and convictions concerning the role of illustrations in general—were in most part dependent on the latter (i.e., the economic, political or legal circumstances). Hans Daubmann, a printer active first in Nuremberg in 1547–54 and then in Königsberg in 1554–73, is an interesting case of a fairly consistent approach to illustrations, despite the diametrically different conditions in which each of his printing houses operated. In Nuremberg, he tried—but ultimately failed—to establish his professional position, struggling against tough competition and censorship, while, in Königsberg, he easily and almost immediately dominated the local market with support from the Duke of Prussia. In both places, Daubmann issued many illustrated works and invariably minimised the associated expenditures. He was exceptionally keen on repurchasing woodblocks from various sources, which was undoubtedly much cheaper than commissioning new items. Even when he chose to order new matrices, they usually reproduced popular models. This conservative strategy was preserved until the mid-17th century by Daubmann’s heirs and followers: Georg Osterberger, Johann Fabricius and Lorenz Segebade. They mostly reused these woodblocks, some heavily worn out, and only exceptionally developed the inherited stock of printing matrices.
Issues of the Research of The Little Traveller's Book. Polemic Discourse
Authors: Lemeškin Ilja
Published: July 2023

A polemical article reacts to the plenary part of the conference Francysk Skaryna and the Renaissance book culture. Skaryna’s Little Travel Book turns 500, held in Vilnius on 22–23 September 2022. After a review of the history of Little Traveler’s Book studies since 1971, five problems in the study of the first printed book of the GDL, touched on in S. Temchin’s plenary speech The Place of Printing of Francysk Skaryna’s “Little Traveller’s Book”: New Assumptions are discussed. In addition, two other aspects related to the study of place and time of printing: genre predetermination and application of modern methods to the study of Little Traveler’s Book are investigated.
Optimizando con búsqueda tabú en particionamiento sobre datos espaciales con múltiples objetivos
Authors: Bernabé Loranca María Beatriz , Rodríguez Flores Marco Antonio , Cerón Garnica Carmen , Martínez Guzmán Gerardo
Published: July 2023

El particionamiento sobre datos geográficos es de gran utilidad para resolver problemas relacionados con diseño territorial. Para instancias de tamaño pequeño, este problema incluso es resuelto por métodos exactos en un tiempo de respuesta aceptable. Sin embargo, para instancias de tamaño grande y debido a la naturaleza combinatoria de este problema, la complejidad computacional aumenta y el uso de métodos de aproximación se ha hecho necesario. Un caso en particular de este tipo de problemas que ha tenido nuestra atención en los últimos años es el agrupamiento por particiones para AGEBS (áreas geoestadísticas básicas). Algunos trabajos relacionados se han desarrollado para resolver la formación de grupos compactos de AGEBS, pero la incorporación de restricciones adicionales ha sido poco tratada. Un problema interesante de aplicación muy demandado, es la extensión del agrupamiento compacto para construir grupos bajo el criterio de homogeneidad y/o balanceo en el número de objetos que componen los grupos. Este problema se traduce en un problema multiobjetivo, el cual debe lidiar con dos objetivos para conseguir un compromiso entre ambos. Este trabajo presenta un modelo de programación matemática multiobjetivo y su asociada implementación para lograr el equilibrio entre compacidad y homogeneidad en la cardinalidad de objetos. La metaheurística incorporada a este problema de agrupamiento territorial multiobjetivo ha sido búsqueda tabú.
DEVELOPMENT OF HEAT EXCHANGER WITH TWO-PASS DIVERGING MICROCHANNELS FOR EVAPORATION COOLING SYSTEMS
Authors: Sung Kuan-Fu , Hsu Cheng-Hung , Yang Chien-Yuh
Published: July 2023

This study developed a two-pass diverging microchannel heat exchanger to avoid flow reversal and partial dry out of HFC-245fa flow boiling in the evaporation cooling systems. It is aimed to improve the diverging microchannel heat exchangers designed by previous studies and to effectively accommodate
diverging channels on a limited heating base surface. The test results showed that the maximum heat transfer coefficients in a diverging channel heat exchanger were as much as 20% higher than those in straight channel heat exchanger, while the maximum partial dry-out heat flux is 42% higher in diverging channel heat exchanger. There is no significant difference for the pressure drops in two
heat exchangers at low heat fluxes before it reached the partial dry-out condition. For higher flux, the
pressure drops in straight channels were higher than those in divergent channels while partial dry out.
It is concluded that the two-pass diverging channel design provided higher maximum heat transfer coefficients and higher maximum heat fluxes with lower penalties of pressure drops. It could be a good design to replace the conventional straight channel heat exchanger for evaporation cooling systems.
Vigilancia serológica de la zoonosis parasitaria en 13 regiones de la sierra del Perú: Periodo 2016-2019
Authors: Antitupa Janampa Isidro , Vargas Mayuri Nury Jakeline , Sánchez Romaní Elizabeth Luz , Mayo Alvites Jhon Vicent , Quispe Paredes William Marcelino , Estares Porras Luis Arturo , Solis-Sánchez Gilmer
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Determinar la seropositividad y características asociadas a las zoonosis parasitarias por Echinococcus granulosus, Fasciola hepatica, cisticerco de Taenia solium en la sierra peruana entre los años 2016 y 2019. Materiales y Métodos: Se analizaron los reportes de 7811 evaluados en el periodo 2016-2019 en las actividades de vigilancia epidemiológica para zoonosis realizadas por el Instituto Nacional de Salud en 13 regiones de la sierra peruana. Cada reporte comprendía de una ficha epidemiológica con información sociodemográfica, características de las costumbres y actividades, del estilo de vida, y epidemiológicas. El diagnóstico se obtuvo por presencia de anticuerpos IgG anti E. granulosus, F. hepatica y cisticerco de T. solium utilizando antígenos nativos mediante ensayo inmunoabsorbente ligado a enzimas (ELISA) y Western Blotting. Las características asociadas a la presencia de estas zoonosis se realizaron mediante prueba Chi Cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Se determinó una seropositividad de 7.9% para fasciolosis, 4.9% para equinococosis, y 2.3% para cisticercosis de T. solium; estas frecuencias fueron mayores en Cerro de Pasco para Equinococosis (24.5%), Ayacucho para cisticersosis (4.5%) y Puno para Fasciolosis (40.6%). Entre las características sociodemográficas se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa para todas las zoonosis según grupo etario, ocupación, y región de residencia, en cuanto al estilo de vida con el consumo de verduras en emolientes, y entre las características epidemiológicas con la disminución de peso. Conclusiones: La frecuencia encontrada de estas zoonosis y su distribución son indicadores de que estas enfermedades son un problema de salud importante, con características compartidas asociadas.