bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Aquaculture System based on Wireless Monitoring and its Testing
Authors: Xu Lijia , Wang Nan , Feng Yu , Bao Dan-ni , Jorshin K.
Published: October 2014

Aiming at the Chinese aquaculture’s status quo that the automation degree is low and the management is backward, this paper designed a set of wireless aquaculture monitoring system that can not only monitor the pond’s parameters of temperature, level, dissolved oxygen and pH value etc. in real time, but also monitor the fish condition through wireless camera in real time. This system consists of three parts of information acquisition module, control module and wireless communication module. The testing result shows that the independently designed feeding device can realize automatic feeding with the feeding area up to 24m2. This system can realize 24h monitoring of fish growth condition through image capture, accurate detection of residual amount of feed and wireless control of water temperature, level, water quality and feeding device and monitoring distance is up to 1000m. This system avoids low efficiency of artificial culture and untimely control to water quality and fish diseases and it has features of easy operation, accurate control and high economic benefit, so its applicability is wide.
Quality Control for RNA-Seq (QuaCRS): An Integrated Quality Control Pipeline
Authors: Kroll Karl W. , Mokaram Nima E. , Pelletier Alexander R. , Frankhouser David E. , Westphal Maximillian S. , Stump Paige A. , Stump Cameron L. , Bundschuh Ralf , Blachly James S. , Yan Pearlly
Published: October 2014

QuaCRS ( Quality Control for RNA- Seq) is an integrated, simplified quality control (QC) system for RNA-seq data that allows easy execution of several open-source QC tools, aggregation of their output, and the ability to quickly identify quality issues by performing meta-analyses on QC metrics across large numbers of samples in different studies. It comprises two main sections. First is the QC Pack wrapper, which executes three QC tools: FastQC, RNA-SeQC, and selected functions from RSeQC. Combining these three tools into one wrapper provides increased ease of use and provides a much more complete view of sample data quality than any individual tool. Second is the QC database, which displays the resulting metrics in a user-friendly web interface. It was designed to allow users with less computational experience to easily generate and view QC information for their data, to investigate individual samples and aggregate reports of sample groups, and to sort and search samples based on quality. The structure of the QuaCRS database is designed to enable expansion with additional tools and metrics in the future. The source code for not-for-profit use and a fully functional sample user interface with mock data are available at http://bioserv.mps.ohio-state.edu/QuaCRS/ .
Network-based Prediction of Cancer under Genetic Storm
Authors: Ay Ahmet , Gong Dihong , Kahveci Tamer
Published: October 2014

Classification of cancer patients using traditional methods is a challenging task in the medical practice. Owing to rapid advances in microarray technologies, currently expression levels of thousands of genes from individual cancer patients can be measured. The classification of cancer patients by supervised statistical learning algorithms using the gene expression datasets provides an alternative to the traditional methods. Here we present a new network-based supervised classification technique, namely the NBC method. We compare NBC to five traditional classification techniques (support vector machines (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (kNN), naïve Bayes (NB), C4.5, and random forest (RF)) using 50–300 genes selected by five feature selection methods. Our results on five large cancer datasets demonstrate that NBC method outperforms traditional classification techniques. Our analysis suggests that using symmetrical uncertainty (SU) feature selection method with NBC method provides the most accurate classification strategy. Finally, in-depth analysis of the correlation-based co-expression networks chosen by our network-based classifier in different cancer classes shows that there are drastic changes in the network models of different cancer types.
Master Regulators, Regulatory Networks, and Pathways of Glioblastoma Subtypes
Authors: Bozdag Serdar , Li Aiguo , Baysan Mehmet , Fine Howard A.
Published: October 2014

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor. GBM samples are classified into subtypes based on their transcriptomic and epigenetic profiles. Despite numerous studies to better characterize GBM biology, a comprehensive study to identify GBM subtype-specific master regulators, gene regulatory networks, and pathways is missing. Here, we used FastMEDUSA to compute master regulators and gene regulatory networks for each GBM subtype. We also ran Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis on GBM expression dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project to compute GBM- and GBM subtype-specific pathways. Our analysis was able to recover some of the known master regulators and pathways in GBM as well as some putative novel regulators and pathways, which will aide in our understanding of the unique biology of GBM subtypes.
Blow-Up Profiles for a Semilinear Chemotaxis System Arising in Biology
Authors: Wang Rong-Nian , Wang Tao , Zhou Yong
Published: October 2014

We consider the semilinear coupled system of parabolic-elliptic partial differential equations arising in chemotaxis involving forcing source of exponential growth type and homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. The local existence and uniqueness of nonnegative classical solutions are proved. Also, a lower bound for the blow-up time if the solution blows up in finite time is derived. Moreover, the exponential decay of the associated energies are also studied. The results we obtained here essentially extend some existing results in this area.
Viscoelastic Fluid Model with Nonhomogeneous Boundary Conditions
Authors: Skonieczna Joanna
Published: October 2014

We deal with a viscoelastic fluid model in a rectangle domain with nontrivial velocity at the inflow and outflow area and slip boundary condition at the rest of the boundary. For this model we investigate the existence of local in time solutions. Then we present 2D simulations and we discuss the possibility of the derivation of 1D model by limit passage with the height of the rectangle to zero. Moreover, we present few 1D models that we support by simulations.
Characteristics of the raindrop distributions in RICO shallow cumulus
Authors: Geoffroy O. , Siebesma A. P. , Burnet F.
Published: October 2014

Abstract. The physical properties of rain spectra are generally modeled using an analytical distribution. It is common for the gamma distribution and, to a lesser extent, the lognormal distribution to be used. The majority of studies in the literature focusing on the characterization of raindrop distribution are based on deep convective cloud observations, mostly at ground level. This study focuses on shallow-cumulus rain distributions throughout the depth of the cloud layer and subcloud layer using airborne in situ measurements made with both the Particle Measuring Systems (PMS) Optical Array Probe 260X (OAP-260-X) and the PMS two-Dimensional Precipitation (2DP) instruments during the Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO) field experiment. Sampled spectra analyzed on the scale of large-eddy simulation resolution (100 m) are found to be relatively broad, with values of the shape parameter – υ for the gamma law and σg for the lognormal law – on the order of 1–3 and 1.5–2, respectively. The dependence of the shape parameters on the main rain variables (number concentration, water content, mean volume diameter, sedimentation fluxes and radar reflectivity) is examined, and a parameterization of the shape parameters υ and σg as a function of a power law of the rainwater content and raindrop number concentration is proposed.
Study of satellite retrieved aerosol optical depth spatial resolution effect on particulate matter concentration prediction
Authors: Strandgren J. , Mei L. , Vountas M. , Burrows J. P. , Lyapustin A. , Wang Y.
Published: October 2014

Abstract. The Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) spatial resolution effect is investigated for the linear correlation between satellite retrieved AOD and ground level particulate matter concentrations (PM2.5). The Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) algorithm was developed for the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for obtaining AOD with a high spatial resolution of 1 km and provides a good dataset for the study of the AOD spatial resolution effect on the particulate matter concentration prediction. 946 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ground monitoring stations across the contiguous US have been used to investigate the linear correlation between AOD and PM2.5 using AOD at different spatial resolutions (1, 3 and 10 km) and for different spatial scales (urban scale, meso-scale and continental scale). The main conclusions are: (1) for both urban, meso- and continental scale the correlation between PM2.5 and AOD increased significantly with increasing spatial resolution of the AOD, (2) the correlation between AOD and PM2.5 decreased significantly as the scale of study region increased for the eastern part of the US while vice versa for the western part of the US, (3) the correlation between PM2.5 and AOD is much more stable and better over the eastern part of the US compared to western part due to the surface characteristics and atmospheric conditions like the fine mode fraction.
Magnetic clouds' structure in the magnetosheath as observed by Cluster and Geotail: four case studies
Authors: Turc L. , Fontaine D. , Savoini P. , Kilpua E. K. J.
Published: October 2014

Abstract. Magnetic clouds (MCs) are large-scale magnetic flux ropes ejected from the Sun into the interplanetary space. They play a central role in solar–terrestrial relations as they can efficiently drive magnetic activity in the near-Earth environment. Their impact on the Earth's magnetosphere is often attributed to the presence of southward magnetic fields inside the MC, as observed in the upstream solar wind. However, when they arrive in the vicinity of the Earth, MCs first encounter the bow shock, which is expected to modify their properties, including their magnetic field strength and direction. If these changes are significant, they can in turn affect the interaction of the MC with the magnetosphere. In this paper, we use data from the Cluster and Geotail spacecraft inside the magnetosheath and from the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) upstream of the Earth's environment to investigate the impact of the bow shock's crossing on the magnetic structure of MCs. Through four example MCs, we show that the evolution of the MC's structure from the solar wind to the magnetosheath differs largely from one event to another. The smooth rotation of the MC can either be preserved inside the magnetosheath, be modified, i.e. the magnetic field still rotates slowly but at different angles, or even disappear. The alteration of the magnetic field orientation across the bow shock can vary with time during the MC's passage and with the location inside the magnetosheath. We examine the conditions encountered at the bow shock from direct observations, when Cluster or Geotail cross it, or indirectly by applying a magnetosheath model. We obtain a good agreement between the observed and modelled magnetic field direction and shock configuration, which varies from quasi-perpendicular to quasi-parallel in our study. We find that the variations in the angle between the magnetic fields in the solar wind and in the magnetosheath are anti-correlated with the variations in the shock obliquity. When the shock is in a quasi-parallel regime, the magnetic field direction varies significantly from the solar wind to the magnetosheath. In such cases, the magnetic field reaching the magnetopause cannot be approximated by the upstream magnetic field. Therefore, it is important to take into account the conditions at the bow shock when estimating the impact of an MC with the Earth's environment because these conditions are crucial in determining the magnetosheath magnetic field, which then interacts with the magnetosphere.
Impact of change in erosion rate and landscape steepness on hillslope and fluvial sediments grain size in the Feather River Basin (Sierra Nevada, California)
Authors: Attal M. , Mudd S. M. , Hurst M. D. , Weinman B. , Yoo K. , Naylor M.
Published: October 2014

Abstract. The characteristics of the sediment transported by rivers (e.g., sediment flux, grain size distribution – GSD –) dictate whether rivers aggrade or erode their substrate. They also condition the architecture and properties of sedimentary successions in basins. In this study, we investigate the relationship between landscape steepness and the grain size of hillslope and fluvial sediments. The study area is located within the Feather River Basin in Northern California, and studied basins are underlain exclusively by tonalite lithology. Erosion rates in the study area vary over an order of magnitude, from > 250 mm ka−1 in the Feather River canyon to < 15 mm ka−1 on an adjacent low relief plateau. We find that the coarseness of hillslope sediment increases with increasing hillslope steepness and erosion rates. We hypothesize that, in our soil samples, the measured ten-fold increase in D50 and doubling of the amount of fragments larger than 1 mm when slope increases from 0.38 to 0.83 m m−1 is due to a decrease in the residence time of rock fragments, causing particles to be exposed for shorter periods of time to processes that can reduce grain size. For slopes in excess of 0.7 m m−1, landslides and scree cones supply much coarser sediment to rivers, with D50 and D84 more than one order of magnitude larger than in soils. In the tributary basins of the Feather River, a prominent break in slope developed in response to the rapid incision of the Feather River. Downstream of the break in slope, fluvial sediment grain size increases, due to an increase in flow competence (mostly driven by channel steepening) but also by a change in sediment source and in sediment dynamics: on the plateau upstream of the break in slope, rivers transport easily mobilised fine-grained sediment derived exclusively from soils. Downstream of the break in slope, mass wasting processes supply a wide range of grain sizes that rivers entrain selectively, depending on the competence of their flow. Our results also suggest that in this study site, hillslopes respond rapidly to an increase in the rate of base-level lowering compared to rivers.
A test of an optimal stomatal conductance scheme within the CABLE Land Surface Model
Authors: De Kauwe M. G. , Kala J. , Lin Y.-S. , Pitman A. J. , Medlyn B. E. , Duursma R. A. , Abramowitz G. , Wang Y.-P. , Miralles D. G.
Published: October 2014

Abstract. Stomatal conductance (gs) affects the fluxes of carbon, energy and water between the vegetated land surface and the atmosphere. We test an implementation of an optimal stomatal conductance model within the Community Atmosphere Biosphere Land Exchange (CABLE) land surface model (LSM). In common with many LSMs, CABLE does not differentiate between gs model parameters in relation to plant functional type (PFT), but instead only in relation to photosynthetic pathway. We therefore constrained the key model parameter "g1" which represents a plants water use strategy by PFT based on a global synthesis of stomatal behaviour. As proof of concept, we also demonstrate that the g1 parameter can be estimated using two long-term average (1960–1990) bioclimatic variables: (i) temperature and (ii) an indirect estimate of annual plant water availability. The new stomatal models in conjunction with PFT parameterisations resulted in a large reduction in annual fluxes of transpiration (~ 30% compared to the standard CABLE simulations) across evergreen needleleaf, tundra and C4 grass regions. Differences in other regions of the globe were typically small. Model performance when compared to upscaled data products was not degraded, though the new stomatal conductance scheme did not noticeably change existing model-data biases. We conclude that optimisation theory can yield a simple and tractable approach to predicting stomatal conductance in LSMs.
Global sensitivity analysis, probabilistic calibration, and predictive assessment for the Data Assimilation Linked Ecosystem Carbon model
Authors: Safta C. , Ricciuto D. , Sargsyan K. , Debusschere B. , Najm H. N. , Williams M. , Thornton P.
Published: October 2014

Abstract. In this paper we propose a probabilistic framework for an uncertainty quantification study of a carbon cycle model. A Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) study indicates the parameters and parameter couplings that are important at different times of the year for Quantities of Interest obtained with the Data Assimilation Linked Ecosystem Carbon (DALEC) model. We then employ a Bayesian approach to calibrate the parameters of DALEC using net ecosystem exchange observations at the Harvard Forest site. The calibration exercise is guided by GSA and by Fisher information matrix results that quantify the amount of information carried by the experimental data about specific model parameters. The calibration results are employed in the second part of the paper to assess the predictive skill of the model via posterior predictive checks. These checks show a better performance for the non-steady state model during the growing season compared to the one employing steady state assumptions. Overall, this study leads to a 40% improvement in the predictive skill of DALEC and highlights the importance of considering correlations in the model parameters as informed by the data.
Global trends in extreme precipitation: climate models vs. observations
Authors: Asadieh B. , Krakauer N. Y.
Published: October 2014

Abstract. Precipitation events are expected to become substantially more intense under global warming, but few global comparisons of observations and climate model simulations are available to constrain predictions of future changes in precipitation extremes. We present a systematic global-scale comparison of changes in historical (1901–2010) annual-maximum daily precipitation between station observations (compiled in HadEX2) and the suite of global climate models contributing to the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP5). We use both parametric and non-parametric methods to quantify the strength of trends in extreme precipitation in observations and models, taking care to spatially and temporally sample them in comparable ways. We find that both observations and models show generally increasing trends in extreme precipitation since 1901 with largest changes in deep tropics, although annual-maximum daily precipitation has increased faster in the observations than in most of the CMIP5 models. Global average of observational annual-maximum daily precipitation has increased about 5.73 mm over the last 110 years or 8.5% in relative terms and has increased by approximately 10% per K of global warming since 1901, which is larger than the average of climate models with 8.3% K−1. The average rate of increase in extreme precipitation per K of warming in models and observations is higher than the rate of increase in atmospheric water vapor content per K of warming expected from the Clausius–Clapeyron equation. We expect our findings to help inform assessments of precipitation-related hazards such as flooding, droughts and storms.
Assessment of atmospheric trace element concentrations by lichen-bag near an oil/gas pre-treatment plant in the Agri Valley (southern Italy)
Authors: Caggiano R. , Trippetta S. , Sabia S.
Published: October 2014

Abstract. The atmospheric concentrations of 17 trace elements (Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Ti and Zn) were measured by means of the "lichen-bag" technique in the Agri Valley (southern Italy). The lichen samples were collected from an unpolluted site located in Rifreddo forest (southern Italy). The bags were exposed to ambient air for 6 and 12 months. The exposed-to-control (EC) ratio values highlighted that the used lichen species were suitable for biomonitoring investigations. The results showed that the concentrations of almost all the examined trace elements increased with respect to the control after 6–12 month exposures. Furthermore, Ca, Al, Fe, K, Mg and S were the most abundant trace elements both in the 6 and 12 month-exposed samples. Moreover, principal component analysis (PCA) results highlighted that the major sources of the measured atmospheric trace elements were related both to anthropogenic contributions due to traffic, combustion processes, agricultural practices, construction and quarrying activities, and to natural contributions mainly represented by the re-suspension of local soil and road dusts. In addition, the contribution both of secondary atmospheric reactions involving Centro Olio Val d'Agri (COVA) plant emissions and the African dust long-range transport were also identified.
Review of Masculinity and Gender in Greek Cinema
Authors: Basea Erato
Published: October 2014

This is a historical-sociological study based on the premise that cinema is a social institution that is ‘interactively changing along with the society in which it is produced and viewed’. As such, the representation of masculinity in the Greek films produced in this transitory period ‘becomes obscured, uncertain and problematic’.
Review of Guillermo del Toro: Film as Alchemic Art
Authors: Pettigrew Ian
Published: October 2014

This is the first book length scholarly consideration of del Toro’s work and it will certainly not be the last as del Toro continues to prove himself as one of the most interesting and rewarding filmmakers working today. McDonald and Clark’s book lays a solid foundation for whatever work may follow in this impressive and comprehensive reading of del Toro’s cinema.
Review of Devised and Directed by Mike Leigh
Authors: Bute Swati Jaywantrao
Published: October 2014

Devised and Directed by Mike Leigh is a compilation of sixteen articles that are clubbed into four themes. The book gives a candid review of Leigh’s creative work. This book is written in an effective style, which develops reader’s interest and motivates them to watch some of his remarkable films to know more about his story telling and film making techniques.
Books Received
Authors: Akser Murat
Published: October 2014

In 2014 we have received a variety of books onc inema and media from these publishers: Bloomsbury Academic, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Continuum, Edinburgh University Press, Focal Press, Intellect, Paradigm, Peter Lang, Routledge, University of California Press, Wayne State University Press.
It Is a Man's World: Romantic Relief In The Hollywood Blockbuster
Authors: Kartal Esma
Published: October 2014

The Hollywood action blockbuster has been known to benefit from conventions that assure its success at the box-office. Since these films are often identified with male genres, they feature male protagonists, causing them to mostly appeal to male audiences. Nevertheless, to attract female spectators as well, blockbusters incorporate female characters and what I like to call “romantic relief” into their narrative. Moments of romantic relief allow both the characters in the film and the audience to forget about the main action of the film briefly. These, however, fail to change the storyline in any significant way. This article largely focuses on romantic relief and its manifestation in such films as Avatar, Armageddon, Transformers and The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug.
Pan-American Highways: American Tourism to Mexico and 1950s Hollywood film
Authors: Fuller Stephanie
Published: October 2014

This article examines American films from the early 1950s which feature journeys to Mexico.  Movies such as Where Danger Lives (John Farrow, 1950), Gun Crazy (Joseph H. Lewis, 1950), Out of the Past (Jacques Tourneur, 1947) and Wetbacks (Hank McCune, 1954) present journeys to Mexico as escapes from American life in which romanticised freedom is closely connected to mobility and automobiles.  The article explores the connection between the films’ cinematic vistas of Mexican landscapes and American tourism to Mexico in this period.  Through their journeys to and across the border, these films call the wider relationship between the US and Mexico into question as national identities are constructed through travel, landscape and touristic encounters.
Towards a Singular Cinematic Pedagogy: Gilles Deleuze and Manoel de Oliveira
Authors: Viegas Susana
Published: October 2014

This paper aims to approach cinema, philosophy, and pedagogy from a double perspective: from the work of the Portuguese filmmaker, Manoel de Oliveira, and from the philosophical praxis of Gilles Deleuze. When Oliveira saw the public lecture that Deleuze gave in 1987 at La Fémis, he felt challenged by the philosopher's words and wrote him a letter in 1991. Furthermore, Deleuze referred to Oliveira’s films as one of the “greatest pedagogies”. Cinema was then seen as a new cartography to the philosophical plane contributing to a mutually reciprocal movement between cinema and philosophy. In this sense, the encounters between cinema and philosophy as well as the connection between cinematic images and philosophical concepts, will be the theme of this essay.
Proverbial Fools and Rival Wisdom:
Authors: Schieberle Misty
Published: October 2014

This essay investigates Lydgate's Order of Fools, specifically his allusion to Marcolf and use of proverbs, which resembles Marcolf's own deployment of concrete, rustic images in contrast to Solomon's abstract sententiousness. By denigrating Marcolf at the poem's outset, Lydgate disassociates his proverbs from Marcolf's churlish character to validate their underlying wisdom. Although the poem has typically been read as satirizing foolish peasant behaviors, I argue that Lydgate instead foregrounds commonplace proverbs as essential advice for the work's aristocratic audience. As a result, the poem offers a contrast to Lydgate's frequently sententious style and emphasizes the necessity of modifying a ruler's perspective with proverbs derived from everyday activities.
Money Walks | The Economic Role of the Street in the City of London 1947–1993
Authors: Thomas Amy
Published: October 2014

Prior to the deregulation of the Thatcher years, the City of London (London’s financial district) was largely self-regulated, operating via what Michael Moran refers to as ‘an explicit ideology of cooperative regulation’, institutionalized within a system of market-specific, club-like bodies, such as the Stock Exchange and Lloyds insurance market. Supervised and operated via its members, the components of each institution were tied together through a mode of exchange that prized face-to-face contact, reputation and trust, epitomised by the Stock Exchange motto Dictum Meum Pactum (‘My word is my bond’). The latter was made concrete via messenger-operated payment and clearing systems, organised around the hours of trade, provoking the need for proximity between institutions and specific architectural arrangements and resulting in an urban agglomeration of banks and other institutions in the immediate vicinity of the Bank of England.The advent of digital technology entailed a decline in the economic significance of pedestrian activity in the City. The shift from manual, paper operations to onscreen transactions made redundant the kinetic network of brokers and messengers that once formed the circulatory system for banking and finance. This paper considers the way in which such shifts ultimately reconfigured the nature of the street as public space and argues that, as fundamental parts of the financial transaction were removed from the City’s thoroughfares, the street would no longer be an extension of the workplace, but a space of leisure. Exploring concepts such as ‘transaction’, ‘regulation’ and ‘exchange’ as social processes with material consequences, this paper attempts to chart the historical link between the street and economic activity, through analysis of the City’s myriad pedestrian ways and changing attitudes to planning public space in the fifty years following the Second World War.
Telling Stories / Empty Words Build Empty Homes
Authors: Roberts David
Published: October 2014

This article places two texts on the pursuit of public housing in parallel. Empty Words Build Empty Homes is the script of a site-specific play that was performed with a small cast of residents at the soon-to-be demolished Haggerston West Estate in Hackney, East London on 22 September 2012. It takes architecture as storyteller, drawing on the physical structure of the estate’s last standing block to determine narrative and express the position of those who have conceived, perceived and represented it. Telling Stories is a short commentary that promotes and problematises the act and ethics of sharing research publicly by critically reflecting on the production of the script and play.
Mapping or Choreographing?: Redefining Musical Notation
Authors: Masing Elo
Published: October 2014

This paper deals with aspects of musical notation in my compositional practice that cast the physicality of instrumental performance as one of the basic principles of compositional work. Choice of notation system relates directly to the process of musical creation; it defines the creative concerns to be dealt with in a particular composition. The composer has to determine the nature of information to be transmitted and the mode of communication to be applied in each case. Whether it is traditional notation or an alternative system that is found most suitable in the end, the composer today needs to be aware of the myriad possibilities available. It follows then that certain processes in composition centred on physicality can be seen as charting the instrument in different terms, choreographing the movements of the performer or mapping out new thought processes for him. However, defining the function of notation in this context is a more complex issue than simply deciding in favour of transmitting one or another kind of information.
Drawing Sound as Landscape
Authors: Buck David
Published: October 2014

This essay discusses the relationship between music notation, sound, and landscape. I explore how the notation of musical sounds might lead to new methods for drawing auditory landscapes. There are three components to the research: an analysis of the score of English composer Michael Finnissy’s composition Green Meadows (1977); a reference to ethnomusicology to explore how the notation of sound-as-music might allow us to draw sound-as-landscape; and a notation to investigate the composition of a landscape through sound. In conclusion, I question how auditory landscapes might be composed, and suggest ways in which both drawing and sound might be considered landscape.
The BHEF National Higher Education and Workforce Initiative
Authors: Fitzgerald Brian K. , Barkanic Steve , Cardenas-Navia Isabel , Elzey Karen , Hughes Debbie , Kashiri Erica , Troyan Danielle
Published: October 2014

Partnerships between higher education and business have long been an important part of the academic landscape, but often they are based on shorter-term transactional objectives rather than on longer-term strategic goals. BHEF's National Higher Education and Workforce Initiative brings together business and academia at the institutional, regional and national levels to create sustainable new opportunities for undergraduates to learn about emerging fields such as data science and analytics, cybersecurity, energy, risk management, and social and mobile technologies through direct engagement with the companies working in these areas. These partnerships are built on a base of evidence, strategic business engagement and design principles that aim to align needs with existing and enhanced capacity.
Franchising Effects on the Lodging Industry: Optimal Franchising Proportion in Terms of Profitability and Intangible Value
Authors: Moon Joonho , Sharma Amit
Published: October 2014

Franchising in the hospitality industry, particularly in the lodging business, has been an extensively studied topic. Yet the answers to critical questions have eluded researchers and practitioners: is franchising in the lodging industry profitable and a value-creating strategy? Moreover, what is the optimal proportion of franchising to attain certain financial outcomes? This study evaluates franchising in the lodging industry, and poses two key financial questions. Are franchised lodging firms more profitable and value-generating than non-franchised operations? And what is the optimal proportion of franchised and non-franchised units for a lodging firm to maximize its financial performance and value creation? The results of the two-way, random-effect regression model suggest that franchised lodging firms are more profitable than non-franchised firms. The study also finds that franchised firms create more intangible value than non-franchised firms. In addition, the authors identify optimal proportions of franchised and non-franchised properties that allow lodging firms to maximize profitability and intangible value. The results provide a critical perspective on the discussion of whether or not lodging firms should franchise and, if so, to what extent.
Cambio demográfico reciente y vivienda en España: ¿hacia un nuevo sistema residencial?
Authors: Módenes Cabrerizo Juan Antonio , López Colás Julían
Published: October 2014

Este artículo aborda la relación entre población y vivienda en el marcointerpretativo propio de la demografía. El objetivo principal es confirmar larápida evolución reciente del sistema residencial español, y explorarcómo lo hará en el futuro próximo. Para ello, se argumenta la necesidadde analizar los sistemas residenciales en perspectiva dinámica, se analizala situación de España en el contexto internacional y se abordaempíricamente la dinámica y el cambio del sistema residencial español.En el análisis empírico, se resalta la importancia de tener en cuenta lasdimensiones temporales, sobre todo la edad. Se confirma un nuevoperíodo de necesidad prácticamente nula de primera vivienda, que puedeser agravada por la crisis actual y sus efectos en la formación familiar.Además, se identifica un importante repunte del alquiler como opción deacceso a la vivienda entre los jóvenes, cuestionando la propiedad comoel elemento dominante del sistema residencial español futuro.
Tensiones sociales en la representación fotográfica del periodo 1870-1930
Authors: Romero Tenorio José
Published: October 2014

En Italia, antes del éxodo rural de los años cincuenta, hubo un éxodosimbólico en sentido contrario. El capital simbólico de la culturamoderna penetró en el mundo rural. La sociedad tiene sus válvulas quedosifican la presión, anunciando y preparando los cambios sociales.Este artículo analiza una de esas válvulas, la fotografía de familia definales del siglo xix y principios del xx. A través de singulares retratos,veremos ese papel de dispatcher entre la realidad psíquica, la realidadsocial y la realidad material que jugaba la fotografía en los intersticiosde la sociedad: empalme de emociones, aparejador entre el mundorural y el mundo urbano, ritual de pasaje que canaliza las pulsiones,medida de lo que se considera lícito o no en la sociedad.
Los sesgos de género en las encuestas oficiales sobre economía doméstica
Authors: Dema Moreno Sandra , Diaz Martínez Capitolina
Published: October 2014

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar en qué medida las encuestasoficiales sobre economía doméstica permiten conocer las dinámicaseconómicas que se generan en el interior de los hogares y, en particular,las similitudes y diferencias en los ingresos y gastos de mujeres yhombres dentro de los diferentes tipos de hogares. Presentamos losresultados de una investigación en la que se revisaron los documentosmetodológicos y los cuestionarios utilizados para la recogida de datosde la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida (ECV) y de la Encuesta dePresupuestos Familiares (EPF), las dos principales encuestas españolassobre economía doméstica. El estudio revela los sesgos teóricos ymetodológicos que subyacen al diseño de ambas encuestas al seranalizadas desde la perspectiva de género, así como los vacíos deinformación y las limitaciones de las mismas y de los análisisestadísticos que se pueden llevar a cabo a partir de sus datos.
¿Por qué vivimos más? Descomposición por causa de la esperanza de vida española 1980 a 2009
Authors: García González Juan Manuel
Published: October 2014

Este trabajo describe y explica de forma interdisciplinar las tendenciasrecientes de la esperanza de vida al nacimiento en España. Se utilizandos metodologías: regresión lineal segmentada y descomposición de laesperanza de vida. El estudio consta de tres partes. Primero, sedescriben los factores demográficos que se encuentran tras el aumentode más de 40 años en la esperanza de vida al nacimiento de 1910 a2009. Segundo, se analiza el efecto que el cambio de la mortalidad, porcausa de muerte, en mayores de 65 años ha tenido en esa esperanzade vida en 1980-2009. Y tercero, se aportan las causas socioepidemiológicasque hay detrás de dicho incremento. Se concluye queese aumento se debe principalmente a la reducción de la mortalidad enlas edades avanzadas y a la disminución de la mortalidad porenfermedades cardiovasculares.
Stability versus Sustainability: Energy Policy in the Gulf Monarchies
Authors: Krane Jim
Published: October 2014

Over the past half-century, production from vast reserves of hydrocarbons has transformed the once destitute Persian Gulf monarchies into developed states with comfortable lifestyles. However, longstanding policies that stimulate energy demand in these states are diverting an ever-larger share of resource production into domestic markets, threatening the region’s chief export and biggest contributor to GDP. Five of these six sheikhdoms must soon choose between maintaining energy subsidies and sustaining exports. Rising domestic demand for natural gas, once considered nearly free, has already forced some states to shift to higher-cost resources, including imports. For now, governments have absorbed these costs and insulated consumers from higher prices. This practice only intensifies the pressure on exportable resources. As hydrocarbon production reaches a plateau, domestic consumption will gradually displace exports. Politically difficult reforms that moderate consumption can therefore extend the longevity of exports, and perhaps, the regimes themselves.
Literatuurbespreking: Rapport koude uitsluiting en reactie staatssecretaris
Authors: Verhagen Evelien
Published: October 2014

Literatuurbespreking: Rapport koude uitsluiting en reactie staatssecretaris

Het NILG heeft in opdracht van het WODC onderzocht of het wenselijk is om een aanvullende wettelijke regeling te treffen voor het stelsel ‘koude uitsluiting’. In deze literatuurbespreking vindt u een bespreking van dit rapport, evenals de reactie (dd. 26 september 2011) van de staatssecretaris op dit rapport.

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The NILG (Netherlands Institute for Law and Governance) was commissioned by the WODC (the Dutch abbreviation for Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Documentatiecentrum, in English: Research and Documentation Centre) to investigate the necessity to provide an additional legal regulation of the total separation of property (contractual regime allowing spouses or registered partners to exclude any community of assets). In this review the author discusses the above-mentioned report and the response of the State Secretary (dated September 26th, 2011).
Overeenkomsten voorafgaand aan echtscheiding door onderlinge toestemming: een analyse van de socio-juridische context
Authors: Hemelsoen Ruben
Published: October 2014

Overeenkomsten voorafgaand aan echtscheiding door onderlinge toestemming: een analyse van de socio-juridische context

Deze studie beoogt empirische inzichten te verschaffen in de socio-juridische context van Vlaamse echtscheidingsovereenkomsten. Meer specifiek: er is empirisch onderzoek verricht naar de determinanten van echtscheidingsakkoorden (ex ante context), alsook naar de effecten die deze regelingen sorteren (ex post context). Door toepassing van de sociaalwetenschappelijke methodologie binnen het familierecht voorziet deze empirische analyse in brede kwantitatieve gegevens die als basis kunnen dienen voor toekomstige beleidsmatige beslissingen. Daarnaast kunnen de empirische bevindingen bijdragen tot de optimalisatie van de redactie van echtscheidingsovereenkomsten.

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This research aims to provide empirical insights into the socio-legal context of mutual consent divorce agreements. More specifically, this empirical-legal study investigates the determinants of divorce arrangements (i.e. the ex ante context) as well as the effects of these arrangements (i.e. the ex post context). By using statistical techniques of the social sciences (i.e. regression analysis), this empirical analysis provides in broad quantitative data that serve as a basis for future policy decisions. This article concludes that this empirical findings contribute to the optimization of divorce agreement drafting.
Duo-moederschap in Nederland vanuit juridisch en ontwikkelingspsychologisch perspectief
Authors: Vonk Machteld , Bos Henny
Published: October 2014

Duo-moederschap in Nederland vanuit juridisch en ontwikkelingspsychologisch perspectief

In dit artikel wordt aandacht besteed aan duo-moederschap in Nederland vanuit een ontwikkelingspsychologisch/pedagogisch en een juridisch perspectief. Allereerst wordt aandacht besteed aan de huidige juridische situatie en de ontwikkelingen die zich recent daarin hebben voorgedaan. Uit deze bespreking rijst een aantal vragen met betrekking tot de relatie tussen de duo-moeders, het kind en de (on)bekende donor, die vervolgens vanuit ontwikkelingspsychologisch perspectief worden besproken. In het laatste deel van het artikel wordt aandacht besteed aan de voorgestelde wetgeving met betrekking tot de positie van het kind in een gezin met twee moeders, waarbij aan de hand van de ontwikkelingspsychologische bevindingen wordt gekeken naar de kwaliteit van het voorstel.

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This article focuses upon dual motherhood in the Netherlands from a psychological development/educational and legal perspective. Firstly, attention is paid to the current legal situation and the developments which have recently occurred in this regard. From this, a number of questions arise concerning the relationship between dual mothers, the child and the (un)known donor, which will be discussed from a psychological development perspective. The last part of the article focuses upon the proposed legislation with regard to position of the child in a family with two mothers, examining the quality of the proposal on the basis of the findings concerning psychological development.
Van rechtswege beperking van handelingsonbekwaamheid en bewind over vermogen en de rechtvaardiging daarvan
Authors: ter Haar Hans
Published: October 2014

Van rechtswege beperking van handelingsonbekwaamheid en bewind over vermogen en de rechtvaardiging daarvan

In deze bijdrage wordt op experimentele wijze gezocht naar een antwoord op de vraag wat de rechtvaardiging is van de beperking van de handelingsbekwaamheid van de minderjarige en het het bewind over zijn vermogen. Bij wijze van experiment wordt een fictieve regeling in het leven geroepen, het zogenaamde tachtigplusbewind. Op grond van deze regeling wordt eenieder die de tachtigjarige leeftijd passeert van rechtswege beperkt in zijn handelingsbekwaamheid en verliest hij het bewind over zijn vermogen. Vervolgens wordt de vraag gesteld waarom een dergelijk tachtigplusbewind niet wenselijk is en de bescherminsgmaatregelen die minderjarigen treffen wel. Deze bijdrage is een onderdeel van een breder dissertatieonderzoek met als titel 'Minderjarigen en (de zorg voor hun) vermogen.'

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This contribution seeks, in an experimental manner, to find an answer to the question of what is the justification for restriction on the capacity of the minor and the administration of their assets. By way of experimentation, a fictitious arrangement is created, the so-called ‘eighty-plus-fiduciary-administration’. Under this scheme, anyone who is over the age of eighty will have their legal capacity limited, and lose control of their assets. The question then arises as to why this eighty plus rule is not desirable whilst the protective rules for minors are widely accepted. This contribution is part of a wider dissertation research entitled ‘Minors and (the care of) their assets’.
Contractualisation of Family Law in Continental Europe
Authors: Swennen Frederik
Published: October 2014

Contractualisation of Family Law in Continental Europe

In this paper, I will firstly illustrate the broader context of the contractualisation of family law by drawing upon the oscillations in family regulation between private and public regulators, in the light of the so-called family law exceptionalism. I consider the contractualisation of family law to be the ordering of the family by families and individuals through the use of legally binding private instruments. I will elaborate upon the substantive and jurisdictional contractualisation of family law in Sections 2 and 3 of this paper respectively. The deliberately 'impressionist' presentation of Section 1-3 leads onto the conclusion which proposes that States benevolently tolerate substantive contractualisation through a lower standard of judicial review, and that, whilst they actively stimulate jurisdictional contractualisation of the content of family relations, the formation and dissolution of family relations still appear to fall within the State's exclusive domain (Section 4).

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In deze bijdrage situeer ik eerst de 21ste eeuwse contractualisering van het familierecht in de historische pendelbeweging tussen publieke en private regulering van familieleven. Die leidde in de 19de en 20ste eeuw tot de aanneming van een bijzondere, niet-contractuele, aard van het familierecht (sectie 1). Ik beschouw als contractualisering van het familierecht: de regulering van familieleven door de familie en door individuen, door middel van juridisch bindende privaatrechtelijke instrumenten. Ik zal ingaan op de inhoudelijke en jurisdictionele contractualisering van het familierecht in respectievelijk de secties 2 en 3 van deze bijdrage. De bewust 'impressionistische' uiteenzetting in secties 1-3 leidt naar de conclusie dat Staten enerzijds een welwillende houding aannemen ten opzichte van inhoudelijke contractualisering, doordat een lagere norm van rechterlijke toetsing wordt gehanteerd. Anderzijds stimuleren zij actief de jurisdictionele contractualisering van de inhoud van familierelaties. Het aangaan en de beëindiging van familierelaties blijven daarentegen het exclusieve domein van de Staat (sectie 4).