bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un paciente con fiebre Q en el medio rural
Authors: Martín Baeza Ana María , Oviedo Esteban Myriam , Jiménez Blanco Sonia
Published: February 2023

La fiebre Q es una zoonosis poco conocida de distribución global, con una incidencia de 3 casos por cada 100.000 habitantes/año.

La principal fuente de contagio son las ovejas, bovinos y caprinos por inhalación de aerosoles de vísceras o materiales contaminados: estiércol, orina, lana, ropa.

Un diagnóstico precoz es fundamental para una intervención eficaz, evitando complicaciones crónicas, aquí el papel del médico de atención primaria es clave para lograr este objetivo.

Palabras clave: fiebre Q, zoonosis, fiebre de origen desconocido.
No todo dolor torácico es isquémico: neumotórax a tensión masivo
Authors: Mantecón Domínguez María de la Almudena , Sierra Santos Lucía , Ramos Díaz Celia
Published: February 2023

Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 60 años a la que, a tenor de un episodio de dolor torácico opresivo, de predominio en hemitórax izquierdo, se le hizo un electrocardiograma en el que se vio infradesnivelación del segmento ST. Aunque la clínica y el trazado en el electrocardiograma eran sugestivos de cardiopatía isquémica como primera sospecha diagnóstica, la causa del cuadro fue un neumotórax espontáneo izquierdo a tensión masivo. A pesar de que es una manifestación infrecuente, conocer qué patologías pueden provocar este tipo de alteraciones es importante para las médicas y médicos de Atención Primaria a fin de abordar correctamente situaciones de carácter emergente.

Palabras clave: neumotórax, electrocardiografía, cardiopatía isquémica, hipoxia.
Las competencias digitales: un análisis correlacional en los docentes del nivel de básica primaria
Authors: Losada Cárdenas Miguel Ángel , Peña Estrada Claudia Cintya
Published: February 2023

La tecnología educativa se ha convertido en un factor esencial para el desarrollo de estrategias pedagógicas y el fortalecimiento de la calidad educativa en las organizaciones escolares. Esta permite la formación integral de individuos competentes para afrontar las necesidades de la nueva sociedad de la información y la comunicación, garantiza el diseño de procesos académicos en modalidades virtuales para que el alumnado utilice los recursos digitales. El objetivo del presente estudio fue contrastar las competencias digitales docentes del marco competencial DigCompEdu con las variables de edad, niveles de estudios académicos y régimen de vinculación docente. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo con un diseño no experimental de un corte descriptivo y correlacional, con un muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia, integrado por 32 educadores en el nivel de básica primaria. Se puede concluir la influencia de la edad, el grado académico y el régimen de vinculación laboral en los niveles de competencias digitales de los educadores. Además, se afirma la importancia de adelantar procesos de cualificación en habilidades digitales, pensados bajo el reconocimiento de las características y necesidades de los docentes, alcanzando un impacto directo en la resignificación de las prácticas educativas mediadas por tecnologías de información y comunicación.
Malaysia's Chicken Shortage, A Solution Proposal Through Consumerism Advocacy
Authors: Syafuddin Tan Mohd Zulhemi , Bakar Ahmad Naqiyuddin , Ahmad Yarina
Published: February 2023

This study intended to observe Malaysia's chronic shortage of poultry eggs and meat, especially chicken, from September 2021 to July 2022. The pattern observed could answer the role every Malaysian can play through consumerism amid the current chicken crisis. A case interview is done by using McKinsey Case Interview Format. The corresponding author is currently a practitioner in the Policy and Strategic Planning Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MAFS), Putrajaya. Data were obtained primarily through discussion with the two (2) senior officials of MAFS from their observation in several government strategic meetings. The scope of the study is limited to chicken eggs and meat. Poultry egg and meat undeniably are Malaysia's most sought source of protein as it is cheap and easily accessible. The shortage of poultry meat and egg supply caused social unrest. Malaysia's poultry egg self-sufficiency ratio is more than 100%, and almost 100% for poultry meat. However, Malaysia's per capita consumption is among the world's highest at 22.2 and 52.0 kg/person/year. If Malaysians diversify their protein intake and unintentionally create a more reasonable demand, despite all the disruptions to production, our current poultry supply should still be enough for everyone. This study suggested that Malaysians consume chicken more than they should chew and should be advocated to practice a healthier lifestyle. In guidelines by the Ministry of Health, i.e., 'Malaysia Healthy Plate: Quarter, Quarter, Half' and 'Malaysia Diet Guideline and Food Pyramid 2020', Malaysians were urged to eat more fiber, such as fruits or vegetables, and eat less protein, especially meat.
Sustainability in the Western Australian cattle industry: implications for Malaysia
Authors: Batt Peter J , Mcalpine Graham , Chamhuri Norshamliza
Published: February 2023

Beef plays an important role in the Malaysian diet. However, Malaysia currently has a low self-sufficiency ratio for red meat, with imports of frozen Indian buffalo meat accounting for almost 80 percent of the market. Australia is the second largest beef supplier to Malaysia, with a market share of approximately 12 percent. Most Australian imports are utilised by the modern retail chains and middle to upper tier foodservice suppliers, where Australian beef is the meat of choice for most middle to high-income families. However, beef production in Western Australia faces numerous political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental challenges. This paper discusses the various constraints and outlines some of the actions that Western Australian beef producers are undertaking to meet community expectations and thereby assure the supply of both live cattle and chilled beef to consumers in Malaysia.
Operational Monitoring of Open-Ocean Carbon Dioxide Removal Deployments: Detection, Attribution, and Determination of Side Effects
Authors:   University of Tasmania, Boyd Philip , Claustre Hervé , Legendre Louis , Gattuso Jean-Pierre , Le Traon Pierre-Yves
Published: February 2023

Human activities are causing a sustained increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The resulting harmful effects on Earth’s climate require decarbonizing the economy and, given the slow pace and inherent limitations of decarbonization of some industries such as aviation, also the active removal and safe sequestration of CO2 away from the atmosphere (i.e., carbon dioxide removal or CDR; NASEM, 2022). Limiting global warming to 1.5°C—a target that may already have been exceeded—would require CDR on the order of 100–1000 Gt CO2 over the twenty-first century (IPCC, 2018).
Integration of Acupuncture into UK Healthcare - A NICE Perspective: Why is Acupuncture Now Recommended for Chronic Pain but not for Back Pain or Osteoarthritis
Authors: Cummings Mike
Published: February 2023

In April 2021, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) published a guideline on chronic pain (NG193) with a recommendation to consider a single course of acupuncture treatment in patients with chronic primary pain. This positive recommendation came after the NICE guideline on low back pain and sciatica (NG59) announced in November 2016, that acupuncture treatment did not work for back pain, having previously recommended it in 2009 (CG88). This article attempts to explain this apparent contradiction in recommendations by tracing the history of acupuncture debates in the NICE guidelines over the last 2 decades.
Clinical Research on Pharmacopuncture in Korea: A Scoping Review
Authors: Kim Me-riong , Lee Seong Min , Lee Yoon Jae , Ha In-Hyuk
Published: February 2023

This scoping review was performed as an update on the effects and safety of pharmacopuncture clinical research for the treatment of multiple indications in Korea. Nine electronic databases were searched to identify comparative clinical studies and clinical practice guidelines on Korean pharmacopuncture from inception to December 31, 2022. In vivo and in vitro studies, and case reports were excluded. There were 226 studies identified, including randomized controlled trials, retrospective comparison observational studies, and single-subject crossover designs, of which 17 focused on clinical safety profiles. Most studies pertained to rehabilitation medicine, especially for musculoskeletal (n = 129) and nervous system disorders (n = 35). The evidence supported treatment of neoplasms, obesity, and stroke sequelae. Adverse events of pharmacopuncture were mostly mild and temporary, and occurred more frequently with bee venom compared with herb-derived solutions. Thirty-five clinical practice guidelines including recommendations on pharmacopuncture were included. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first scoping review of clinical pharmacopuncture use in Korea, and our findings support its use in clinical practice and research. Considering the diverse clinical applications of pharmacopuncture, additional pragmatic trials are required to further strengthen the evidence base and develop standard research methodology in Korean medicine.
Proposal of a Case Reporting Draft Guideline for Pharmacopuncture: Literature Review of Pharmacopuncture Case Reports
Authors: Jeong Soohyun , Son Chaeyeon , Kim Hyunjin , Yang Gapsik , Chu Hongmin , Leem Jungtae
Published: February 2023

Pharmacopuncture is a popular treatment that combines the advantages of both herbal medicine and acupuncture. However, pharmacopuncture care reporting guidelines have not yet been developed. This study aimed to propose a reporting guideline draft for pharmacopuncture case reports. Pharmacopuncture case reports were retrieved from 4 databases (KCI, RISS, ScienceON, OASIS) to analyze the items reported and their fidelity. We analyzed 5 existing reporting guidelines related to Korean medicine case reporting to identify the items to be included in the extension of pharmacopuncture reporting guidelines. From 3,684 studies, 29 case reports were included and 4 items were identified as not reported in enough detail: “direction and depth of pharmacopuncture” (89.5%); “method of manufacturing the syringe needle” (82.8%); “posture of the patient during the therapy” (75.9%); and “pharmacopuncture recipe” (69.5%). As a result of analyzing moxibustion and acupuncture clinical trial reporting guidelines, it was determined that detailed reporting guidelines on the type of pharmacopuncture, manufacturing method, and treatment method were required and we propose that a pharmacopuncture reporting guideline draft should include these details. Further investigations are warranted using the Delphi technique to reach agreement with clinical practitioners and clinical research experts.
An Observational Study on the Anatomical Characteristics of Acupoint CV23 (Lianquan) with Ultrasonography
Authors: Chu Hongmin , Park Seongjun , Kim Jaehyo , Ha Wonbae , Yang Seung Bum , Kang Kyungho , Kim Jongho , Leem Jungtae , Lee Sanghun
Published: February 2023

Background: Acupoint CV23 is one of the most commonly used acupoints for the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia and tongue pain. However, care must be taken during the procedure to consider the position of glands and blood vessels in the subcutaneous space of the acupoint. Needling depths to the geniohyoid muscle reportedly range from 0.4 to 3.3 cm. Using ultrasound imaging, we aimed to observe the anatomical characteristics around acupoint CV23 to derive a safe needling depth.Methods: Ultrasound images of acupoint CV23 accessed from the Standard Ultrasound Image of Acupoint database were retrospectively analyzed for 30 participants aged in their 20s and 30s (15 male, 15 female), and the depth from the skin to the geniohyoid muscle was measured. Correlations between the needling depth and anthropometric factors (such as neck circumference) were analyzed.Results: The average needling depth to the geniohyoid muscle was 1.59 ± 0.49 cm (male; 1.43 ± 0.52 cm, female, 1.75 ± 0.42 cm, p = 0.03). The geniohyoid muscle, anterior digastric muscles, and genioglossus muscle were observed in the subcutaneous area of acupoint CV23, and a risk of sublingual gland damage needs to be considered for oblique insertion of the acupuncture needle. No statistically significant correlations between the needling depth and anthropometric factors were observed.Conclusion: Acupoint CV23 has a relatively shallow needling depth, and considering the presence of blood vessels and glands in the sublingual space, visualizing the surrounding anatomical structures using ultrasound was helpful to ensure safe needling practice.
A Protocol for the Overview of Systematic Reviews of Aromatherapy for Management of Health
Authors: Kil Ki Jung , Lee Myeong Soo
Published: February 2023

Background: Aromatherapy has been reported to have a positive effect on various health conditions. While these studies show positive results, many of them have limited evidence. The aim of this study was to develop a protocol to evaluate all systematic reviews (SRs) that have evaluated the efficacy of aromatherapy (for any health condition) as a therapeutic treatment (protocol registration number INPLASY202280089).Methods: We will include aromatherapy through different therapeutic application methods such as inhalation, massage, and bathing. Seven international databases (including PubMed, AMED, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library), and three Korean medical databases (Korean Studies Information, Research Information Service System, KoreaMed), will be searched. The SR process, including study selection, data extraction, and assessment, will be performed by two independent reviewers. Methodological assessment will be performed using AMSTAR-2.Discussion: The benefits of aromatherapy for health management are evaluated to provide useful information to patients and therapists and inform decisions on further studies on this topic.
A Study Protocol for a Multicenter, Pragmatic, Randomized Controlled, Parallel-Grouped Pilot Clinical Trial: Effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Versus Pharmacological Treatments for Non-Acute Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Zhao Hui Yan , Jun Purumea , Lee Chaewon , Ha In-Hyuk , Han Chang-Hyun
Published: February 2023

Background: This study was the development of a protocol for the comparison between the efficacy of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment approaches for lumbar disc herniation in a pragmatic environment to obtain real-world based study data.Methods: The protocol sets out a two-armed, parallel, multicenter pragmatic, randomized-controlled trial (RCT) which will be conducted in four spine specialist hospitals in Korea to determine cost-efficiency.Results: The study will enroll 36 participants and allocate patients into either the non-pharmacological treatment group or the pharmacological treatment group in a 1:2 ratio. Patients must have evidence of disc-related disease diagnosed using MRI, as well as having lower back pain or radiating leg pain (numeric rating scale score ≥ 5). The treatment will last for 8 weeks with a 26-week follow-up. The primary outcome will be measured using the Oswestry Disability Index score from Week 9. Secondary outcomes related to lower back pain and radiating leg pain will be measured using the scores from the numeric rating scale, the visual analogue scale, the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 5 Level Version), the 12-item Short Form Survey, and the patient global impression of change.Conclusion: This is the first protocol for a pragmatic RCT evaluating the efficacy, safety, and cost-efficiency of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment strategies in a clinical setting. Following the basis of this protocol, RCTs may play an important role in establishing guidelines for treating radiating leg pain and lower back pain and provide effective information to clinicians in practical settings.
Use of Metaverse Technology in Education Domain
Authors: RAHMAN Khandaker Raiyan , SHİTOL Sholaiman Khan , ISLAM Md Sohidul , IFTEKHAR Kh. Tanveer , SAHA Pranto
Published: February 2023

Metaverse is the digital mirror of the physical world where users are connected as individual avatars. The purpose of the virtual surface where it should gather and mirror actual-time global statistics and also inquire for immersion is to link the physical and digital worlds. Users’ physical inputs may be used to train artificial intelligence (AI) systems to provide client users with highly customized offerings. This technology offers an appropriate answer in the sphere of education and training by using its process. By using Metaverse extended reality, education sector will be changed drastically. This study outlined the required principles and approaches for transforming the education sector utilizing the Metaverse. Qualitative method has been used for analyzing. In addition, ten key techniques based on Metaverse’s quality education standards have been outlined. This research will impact the whole education sector by visualizing contents, virtual campus, 3D simulation, and remote quality education which is accessible for all including underdeveloped countries. Additionally, the anticipated developments in the education industry have been highlighted. Finally, a model of classroom has been proposed using Mozilla Hubs platform, which can be used for group discussion, seminar, thesis meeting, presentation and many more which will bring changes to education system eventually. The main purpose of our research is to improve education sector using Metaverse by engaging more students from developing and under-developing countries, as well as providing more facilities and quality education.
Evaluation and Comparison of the Effects of Mature Silkworm (Bombyx mori) and Silkworm Pupae Extracts on Schwann Cell Proliferation and Axon Growth: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Khosropanah Mohammad Hossein , Majidi Zolbin Masoumeh , Kajbafzadeh Abdol-Mohammad , Amani Leili , Harririan Ismaeil , Azimzadeh Ashkan , Nejatian Touraj , Alizadeh Vaghsloo Mahdi , Hassannejad Zahra
Published: February 2023

Background: Silkworm products were first used by physicians more than 8500 years ago, in the early Neolithic period. In Persian medicine, silkworm extract has several uses for treating and preventing neurological, cardiac, and liver diseases. Mature silkworms (Bombyx mori) and their pupae contain a variety of growth factors and proteins that can be used in many repair processes, including nerve regeneration. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of mature silkworm (Bombyx mori), and silkworm pupae extract on Schwann cell proliferation and axon growth. Methods: Silkworm (Bombyx mori) and silkworm pupae extracts were prepared. Then, the concentration and type of amino acids and proteins in the extracts were evaluated by Bradford assay, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). Also, the regenerative potential of extracts for improving Schwann cell proliferation and axon growth was examined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, electron microscopy, and NeuroFilament-200 (NF-200) immunostaining. Results: According to the results of the Bradford test, the total protein content of pupae extract was almost twice that of mature worm extract. Also, SDS-PAGE analysis revealed numerous proteins and growth factors, such as bombyrin and laminin, in extracts that are involved in the repair of the nervous system. In accordance with Bradford's results, the evaluation of extracts using LC-MS/MS revealed that the number of amino acids in pupae extract was higher than in mature silkworm extract. It was found that the proliferation of Schwann cells at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL in both extracts was higher than the concentrations of 0.01 and 0.05 mg/mL. When using both extracts on dorsal root ganglion (DRGs), an increase in length and number was observed in axons. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrated that extracts obtained from silkworms, especially pupae, can play an effective role in Schwann cell proliferation and axonal growth, which can be strong evidence for nerve regeneration, and, consequently, repairing peripheral nerve damage.
Trace element composition in olivine from the 2022 Meradalir eruption of the Fagradalsfjall Fires, SW-Iceland (Short Communication)
Authors: Krmíček Lukáš , Troll Valentin R. , Vašinová Galiová Michaela , Thordarson Thor , Brabec Marek
Published: February 2023

This study focuses on determining the trace element composition in olivine from olivine tholeiitic basalts sampled in Iceland during the 2022 Meradalir eruption of the 2021-ongoing Fagradalsfjall Fires. The chemistry of Meradalir olivine is characteristic for a volcanic origin where olivine crystals represent the product of crystallisation. Olivine from the Meradalir basalt magma falls within the field characteristic for the melting of a dominantly peridotitic mantle source. However, the data show that the 2022 Meradalir olivine crystalized from a compositionally more evolved magma than olivine from the preceding 2021 Geldingadalir eruption of the Fagradalsfjall Fires.
Dose dumping pevných perorálních lékových forem s modifikovaným uvolňováním
Authors: Bílik Tomáš , Pavelková Miroslava , Kubová Kateřina , Vysloužil Jakub
Published: February 2023

The presented review article is a compilation of several foreign reviews and experimental papers, as well as several authority guidelines, which deal with the phenomenon of dose dumping of solid dosage forms with modified drug release. The aim of the publication is to present this often-neglected issue to a wider domestic audience. The work deals with two basic types of dose dumping, i.e., alcohol-induced dose dumping and food-induced dose dumping. It contains basic factors affecting this phenomenon as well as possible formulation solutions that can be used to eliminate it. Last but not least, the current requirements of the authorities are also mentioned, especially for testing newly introduced products with the presumed potential risk of dose dumping.
Pediatric Lung Abscess: A Case Report
Authors: Melissa Adriani Tjahyadi  , Basaria Lidya Sinurat  , Hosea Gerry Leesander  , Nadya Angelica  , Rini Riantie
Published: February 2023

Lung abscess is an infection that destroys the lung parenchyma, resulting in cavity formation and central necrosis, with purulent material. Lung abscess are much less common in children, with estimated incidence at 0.7 per 100,000 admissions per year, than in adults
Perceptions of general dental practitioners in Northern Ireland on the clinical management of patients taking direct oral anticoagulants
Authors: Kelly Niamh , Hill Stuart , O’Carolan Donncha , Nic Iomhair Aoife , McKenna Gerry , Cleary Gerry , Burnett Kathryn
Published: February 2023

##Statement of the problem

Despite guidance advocating the management of patients taking direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in primary dental care settings, evidence from clinical audit in Northern Ireland suggested that a high proportion of patients were being referred to secondary and tertiary care settings for dental procedures with a bleeding risk.

##Purpose of the study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of general dental practitioners (GDPs) working in the health service in Northern Ireland on the clinical management of patients taking DOACs in primary dental care.

##Materials and methods: A questionnaire was distributed to the 1,167 registered GDPs in Northern Ireland, assessing perceptions of the clinical management of DOAC patients in primary dental care. The data obtained was analysed using SPSS statistical software. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis.

##Results

A total of 344 questionnaires were analysed. Some 83% (285) of responding GDPs were aware of the Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme (SDCEP) guidance. Some 98% (337) believed that patients taking DOAC medication could potentially be managed in primary care but that additional training was required. Some 80% (275) of GDPs had referred patients to secondary care. Procedures presenting a low risk of postoperative bleeding complications accounted for 12% (41) of referrals.

##Conclusions

A lack of GDP confidence and experience in the management of DOAC patients are motivating factors in referral to secondary care settings for treatment. Some 12% of the referrals analysed were potentially inappropriate, given the low risk of associated postoperative bleeding complications. Additional training and support for GDPs, as well as enhanced awareness of the SDCEP guidance, is essential.
Dentists’ attitudes towards the phase-down of dental amalgam in Ireland
Authors: Callanan Aileen , Harding Máiréad , Lynch Christopher D. , Burke Francis M. , Hayes Martina
Published: February 2023

##Aim

This study aimed to explore the attitudes of dentists in Ireland towards the phase-down of dental amalgam in relation to the Minamata Convention on Mercury.

##Methods

A cross-sectional survey design was adopted using a quantitative 53-question survey piloted and distributed to dentists working in general dental practice.

##Results

The study had a response rate of 11.8% (n=285). The study found a high level of awareness regarding recommended guidelines concerning the Minamata Convention on Mercury, with 96% of participants reporting that they were aware of the recommendations. Over half of the participants (61%) reported that they felt the phase-down was a good idea.

##Conclusions

Training and remuneration were identified as the main barriers to a total phase-out of dental amalgam in Ireland in the future.
The semantic inflation of “trauma” in psychology
Authors: Baes Naomi , Vylomova Ekaterina , Zyphur Michael , Haslam Nick
Published: February 2023

Trauma is an increasingly prominent concept in psychology and society at large. According to the theory of concept creep, it is one of several harm-related concepts that have undergone semantic inflation in recent decades, expanding to encompass new kinds of phenomena (horizontal expansion) and less severe phenomena (vertical expansion). Previous research has demonstrated that "trauma" has come to be used in a widening range of semantic contexts, implying horizontal expansion, but has not investigated vertical expansion. The present study developed a methodology for evaluating vertical expansion and implemented it using an English-language corpus of 825,628 scientific psychology article abstracts from 1970 to 2017. Findings indicate that "trauma" has come to be used in less severe contexts, and this trend may be linked to its rising frequency of use. These findings support the predictions of the concept creep theory and provide a new method for investigating the language dynamics of harm-related concepts.
Democratization of Serbian society through the prism of property tax
Authors: Cvjetković-Ivetić Cvjetana , Milošević Goran , Milašinović Srđan
Published: February 2023

The process of fiscal decentralization, typical of contemporary societies, in addition to the fiscal effect, also has a political effect. Namely, because bearers of political power need to get closer to citizens, fiscal decentralization is often seen Milanovic as part of the democratization process in a society. Within that process, property tax is gaining more and more importance. In that respect, Serbia is no exception. The aim of the paper is to determine whether property tax in Serbia has the characteristics of an instrument for achieving fiscal decentralization. Moreover, the authors will also determine how the property tax, as a significant source of revenues for local authorities, contributes to the development of democracy in Serbian society at the local level.
Women farmers' empowerment in South-eastern Serbia: A case study
Authors: Ilić-Krstić Ivana , Miltojević Vesna
Published: February 2023

Women's empowerment in agriculture is discussed on the basis of two indicators: control over production resources and decision-making about agricultural production. The aim of this study is to determine the degree of empowerment of women farmers in South-eastern Serbia. The initial assumption is that the degree of empowerment of women farmers in this part of Serbia is low. The empirical study, conducted using a specially designed questionnaire, encompassed 132 women farmers in the Municipality of Svrljig. The results indicate a low degree of empowerment among women who participate in agricultural production, because a low percentage of the women own agricultural resources and make independent decisions about agricultural production. Such results are significant, as they emphasise the need for further examination of the degree of empowerment and calculation of women farmers' empowerment index, as well as the need for taking specific measures at the local, regional, and national levels.
Compradors as part of TCC: The case of Serbia
Authors: Antonić Slobodan
Published: February 2023

In the first part of the article, the theoretical framework is given, and the economic and political reasons are presented as to why Serbia can be considered an "informal", "structural" or "postmodern" colony. The standard method is explained of extracting surplus from the (semi)periphery countries of the world capitalist system and, in this respect, the example of Serbia is used to shows what one of the key comprador functions is. The second part of the article provides an overview of the viewpoints of social scientists in Serbia who applied the concept of the comprador bourgeoisie (or comprador elite) as part of the global class structure to contemporary Serbian society. Some conceptual dilemmas are also considered, as well as the possibility of further theoretical and empirical research of this issue in Serbian sociology.
The Impact of Parents' Role on the Motivation and Achievement of Gifted Children with Special Needs: A Review
Authors: Marwan Alatawi
Published: February 2023

Background: Some unusual children experience prolonged distracted stress or risk factors that prevent them from maximizing their potential without specific treatment or support. Therefore, it appears that studying parental motivation and its impact on gifted children is very important.

Objectives: The primary goal of this paper is to determine the impact of parental involvement on the development and motivation—of gifted children with special needs education (double exceptional). The paper also indicates the impact of parental involvement on children's educational outcomes.

Results: The findings of this paper indicate that parental involvement significantly influences the motivation of children with special needs in terms of their achievement in the arts and how much they affect the academic achievement of double-exceptional students related to various aspects of science and life.

Conclusion: As we found that parents are the initiators of double-differentiation in their children, future studies could explore knowledge and awareness of double-differentiation in parents. But our study reading how parents came to know their children twice unusually is essential as a first step in assessing parental thinking.
A Digital Diagnosis Tool for Children with Dyslexia against Similar Criteria DSM-5
Authors: Bazuhair Narjees Abdulghaffar , Bazuhair Naseem Abdulghaffar
Published: February 2023

Background: we stand on the fact that what makes diagnosing dyslexia difficult is that students with dyslexia are of very normal or even extraordinary intelligence. It is important to prepare a tool that enables the initial diagnosis of this disorder, and in the light of its results, a report is formulated on the degree of injury of the person being tested.

Aims: The aim is to develop a reliable and validated tool for children with dyslexia.

Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select children aged 4-8 years as the study population. Inclusion criteria were (1) age between 4 and 8 years; (2) be able to speak; and (3) Keep attending kindergarten and school. Children's parents and teachers were given full information about the study, and all signed an informed written consent form. Ninety children were included in this study. Word spelling Test, Letter rapid automatized naming Test, Recognition of a first sound test, Deletion of a first sound test, Blending test, and Segmentation test was developed and used.

Findings: The content validity of all tests was measured. The correlation coefficients between each subscale and the total scale ranged from 0.54 to 0.58.

Conclusion: This tool is expected to assist teachers in identifying, accurately assessing, and formulating a learning program that fits the abilities and needs of the children.
On the regularity of small symbolic powers of edge ideals of graphs
Authors: Seyed Fakhari S. A.
Published: February 2023

Assume that $G$ is a graph with edge ideal $I(G)$ and let $I(G)^{(s)}$ denote the $s$-th symbolic power of $I(G)$. It is proved that for every integer $s\geq 1$, $$ \mathrm{reg} (I(G)^{(s+1)})\leq \max \bigl \{\mathrm{reg} (I(G))$$ $$+2s, \mathrm{reg} \bigl (I(G)^{(s+1)}+I(G)^s\bigr )\bigr \}. $$ As a consequence, we conclude that $\mathrm{reg} (I(G)^{(2)})\leq \mathrm{reg} (I(G))+2$, and $\mathrm{reg} (I(G)^{(3)})\leq \mathrm{reg} (I(G))+4$. Moreover, it is shown that if for some integer $k\geq 1$, the graph $G$ has no odd cycle of length at most $2k-1$, then $\mathrm{reg} (I(G)^{(s)})\leq 2s+\mathrm{reg} (I(G))-2$, for every integer $s\leq k+1$. Finally, it is proven that $\mathrm{reg} (I(G)^{(s)})=2s$, for $s\in \{2, 3, 4\}$, provided that the complementary graph $\overline {G}$ is chordal.
Bochdalek hernia presenting gastrointestinal symptoms in late childhood: a case report
Authors: Jeong Sang Seok
Published: February 2023

Most cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) can be diagnosed based on symptoms of severe respiratory failure during the neonatal period or fetal ultrasonography. However, some rare cases are diagnosed in late childhood or adolescence. In this case report, I describe an 11-year-old male patient diagnosed with late-onset CDH presenting with acute abdominal pain. The patient had recently experienced anorexia, nausea, and vomiting after eating. However, he reported no abdominal pain or past history of trauma. The abdomen was generally convex. All laboratory data were within normal limits. A chest X-ray revealed elevation of the left diaphragm. Chest computed tomography showed a defect in the left diaphragm. Based on the above radiologic findings, emergency surgery was performed after the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia. A surgical incision was performed in the left subcostal area. Finally, late-presenting Bochdalek hernia was diagnosed. The operation was completed and no specific findings on chest X-ray were found after surgery. The patient was discharged on the fourth day after surgery. In conclusion, CDH in late childhood or adolescence is rare and has various clinical manifestations. To avoid complications such as strangulation and bowel perforation, emergency surgery may be required. Thus, it is necessary to suspect CDH in children with recurrent gastrointestinal or respiratory symptoms, based on which an accurate diagnosis can be made and successful surgical treatment can be performed.
Radiology in Mexico: Country Report
Authors: Virk Jas , Holmes David
Published: February 2023

Objective: The state of radiology varies among countries. The purpose of this country report is to analyze the state of radiology in Mexico, how it has changed over the past several years, and how it compares to other countries.Materials and Methods: A review was completed using the University at Buffalo (UB) catalog and database search, as well as a general Google search for articles regarding radiology in Mexico.Results: While the state of radiology has improved over the past several years, the system in Mexico still lacks an adequate number of medical imaging units and an adequate number of radiologists. Both of these factors have contributed to the stagnant state of radiology in Mexico.Conclusion: There are many factors contributing to the state of radiology in Mexico, including a high poverty percentage and low expenditure on healthcare. It is important to increase the number of medical imaging units throughout the country and replace the current aging scanners to help all patients.
Night Drawing
Authors: Meng Chantal
Published: February 2023

Night Drawing is an action that challenges perceptual habits—an embodied experience at the limits of the visible. Dealing with light at night is an urgent issue for a variety of social and cultural reasons and concerns the wider context of anthropogenic climate change. This paper deals with lighting conditions in the urban night on one hand and forms of cognition through drawing on the other. When it comes to artificial light at night, the foremost concerns include safety, light pollution, and the loss of darkness. However, the fact that darkness is also caused by and understood through artificial light is rarely discussed. Night Drawing aims to renegotiate long-standing assumptions about the benefits of urban nighttime lighting. This approach offers a challenge to the brighter the better idea and re-writes the appearance of nocturnal land/cityscapes. Night Drawing is a critical, innovative approach, a practice as a method to pay further attention to the representational power of the light at night. It aims at a technique of seeing in a new way—a re-examination and a new conception of urban darkness.
Listening at Night
Authors: Dittrich Josh
Published: February 2023

Drawing on ethnographic research with undergraduate students on their listening and sleeping practices, this essay develops a concept of “so(m)niferous media” to describe how listeners/sleepers use audio media to (re)mediate their experience of the night. The essay outlines key theoretical and practical affinities between sleeping and listening, taking a sociocultural approach to sleep informed by critical work in sound and media studies. Sleeping is reconceived as a sonically mediated, non-conscious experience of listening that participates ambivalently in the 24/7 logic of commodification outlined by Jonathan Crary and others. One unexpected finding of the ethnographic work is that many sleepers deliberately avoid obvious sound media products for sleeping (e.g., sleep playlists and podcasts, noise machines, “nature” sounds, binaural beats, etc) and seek out attention-grabbing social media content instead. Rather than lull themselves to sleep, listeners seem to want to engage their attention fully, while paradoxically shutting it down at the same time. So(m)niferous media thus seem to work directly on the attention of the listener, not the acoustic ambience of the sleeping space.
From Airplanes to Rockets ‒ Friedrich Zander and Early Aviation in Riga
Authors: Sollinger Günther , Zigmunde Alīda
Published: February 2023

This study is dedicated to the memory of Friedrich Zander (1887‒1933), an internationally well-known graduate of the Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), presently Riga Technical University (RTU). The study focuses on Zander’s family background and student years at the RPI, on first steps taken towards his intense involvement in rocketry and spaceflight later in life. Zander’s professional efforts, his ideas, calculations and practical suggestions have made significant contributions to the space sciences. In addition to noticing previous research, the study is based on material found in the collections of archives, libraries and museums. Part of the documents used are published for the first time.
Latvijas reģionu konkurētspējas novērtēšana
Authors: Judrupa Ilze , Šenfelde Maija
Published: February 2023

Zinātniskajā monogrāfijā “Latvijas reģionu konkurētspējas novērtēšana” aplūkotas problēmas, kas saistītas ar reģionu konkurētspējas novērtēšanu, lai veicinātu reģionālās politikas un pamatotu reģionu attīstības stratēģiju izstrādi. Monogrāfijas zinātniskā novitāte ir Reģiona konkurētspējas indeksa izstrāde, kurš ir piemērots reģionu konkurētspējas novērtēšanai Latvijā. Zinātniskā monogrāfija būs noderīga studentiem, pasniedzējiem un pētniekiem, reģionālās attīstības speciālistiem un lēmumu pieņēmējiem, jebkuram interesentam par reģionālās konkurētspējas novērtēšanas jautājumiem.
Functional hierarchy among different Rab27 effectors involved in secretory granule exocytosis
Authors: Zhao Kunli , Matsunaga Kohichi , Mizuno Kouichi , Wang Hao , Okunishi Katsuhide , Izumi Tetsuro
Published: February 2023

The Rab27 effectors are known to play versatile roles in regulated exocytosis. In pancreatic beta cells, exophilin-8 anchors granules in the peripheral actin cortex, whereas granuphilin and melanophilin mediate granule fusion with and without stable docking to the plasma membrane, respectively. However, it is unknown whether these coexisting effectors function in parallel or in sequence to support the whole insulin secretory process. Here, we investigate their functional relationships by comparing the exocytic phenotypes in mouse beta cells simultaneously lacking two effectors with those lacking just one of them. Analyses of prefusion profiles by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy suggest that melanophilin exclusively functions downstream of exophilin-8 to mobilize granules for fusion from the actin network to the plasma membrane after stimulation. The two effectors are physically linked via the exocyst complex. Downregulation of the exocyst component affects granule exocytosis only in the presence of exophilin-8. The exocyst and exophilin-8 also promote fusion of granules residing beneath the plasma membrane prior to stimulation, although they differentially act on freely diffusible granules and those stably docked to the plasma membrane by granuphilin, respectively. This is the first study to diagram the multiple intracellular pathways of granule exocytosis and the functional hierarchy among different Rab27 effectors within the same cell.
Directed differentiation of human iPSCs to functional ovarian granulosa-like cells via transcription factor overexpression
Authors: Pierson Smela Merrick D , Kramme Christian C , Fortuna Patrick RJ , Adams Jessica L , Su Rui , Dong Edward , Kobayashi Mutsumi , Brixi Garyk , Kavirayuni Venkata Srikar , Tysinger Emma , Kohman Richie E , Shioda Toshi , Chatterjee Pranam , Church George M
Published: February 2023

An in vitro model of human ovarian follicles would greatly benefit the study of female reproduction. Ovarian development requires the combination of germ cells and several types of somatic cells. Among these, granulosa cells play a key role in follicle formation and support for oogenesis. Whereas efficient protocols exist for generating human primordial germ cell-like cells (hPGCLCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), a method of generating granulosa cells has been elusive. Here, we report that simultaneous overexpression of two transcription factors (TFs) can direct the differentiation of hiPSCs to granulosa-like cells. We elucidate the regulatory effects of several granulosa-related TFs and establish that overexpression of NR5A1 and either RUNX1 or RUNX2 is sufficient to generate granulosa-like cells. Our granulosa-like cells have transcriptomes similar to human fetal ovarian cells and recapitulate key ovarian phenotypes including follicle formation and steroidogenesis. When aggregated with hPGCLCs, our cells form ovary-like organoids (ovaroids) and support hPGCLC development from the premigratory to the gonadal stage as measured by induction of DAZL expression. This model system will provide unique opportunities for studying human ovarian biology and may enable the development of therapies for female reproductive health.
Cryo-plasma FIB/SEM volume imaging of biological specimens
Authors: Dumoux Maud , Glen Thomas , Smith Jake LR , Ho Elaine ML , Perdigão Luis MA , Pennington Avery , Klumpe Sven , Yee Neville BY , Farmer David Andrew , Lai Pui YA , Bowles William , Kelley Ron , Plitzko Jürgen M , Wu Liang , Basham Mark , Clare Daniel K , Siebert C Alistair , Darrow Michele C , Naismith James H , Grange Michael
Published: February 2023

Serial focussed ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) enables imaging and assessment of subcellular structures on the mesoscale (10 nm to 10 µm). When applied to vitrified samples, serial FIB/SEM is also a means to target specific structures in cells and tissues while maintaining constituents’ hydration shells for in situ structural biology downstream. However, the application of serial FIB/SEM imaging of non-stained cryogenic biological samples is limited due to low contrast, curtaining, and charging artefacts. We address these challenges using a cryogenic plasma FIB/SEM. We evaluated the choice of plasma ion source and imaging regimes to produce high-quality SEM images of a range of different biological samples. Using an automated workflow we produced three-dimensional volumes of bacteria, human cells, and tissue, and calculated estimates for their resolution, typically achieving 20–50 nm. Additionally, a tag-free localisation tool for regions of interest is needed to drive the application of in situ structural biology towards tissue. The combination of serial FIB/SEM with plasma-based ion sources promises a framework for targeting specific features in bulk-frozen samples (>100 µm) to produce lamellae for cryogenic electron tomography.
Nanopublication-based semantic publishing and reviewing: a field study with formalization papers
Authors: Bucur Cristina-Iulia , Kuhn Tobias , Ceolin Davide , van Ossenbruggen Jacco
Published: February 2023

With the rapidly increasing amount of scientific literature, it is getting continuously more difficult for researchers in different disciplines to keep up-to-date with the recent findings in their field of study. Processing scientific articles in an automated fashion has been proposed as a solution to this problem, but the accuracy of such processing remains very poor for extraction tasks beyond the most basic ones (like locating and identifying entities and simple classification based on predefined categories). Few approaches have tried to change how we publish scientific results in the first place, such as by making articles machine-interpretable by expressing them with formal semantics from the start. In the work presented here, we propose a first step in this direction by setting out to demonstrate that we can formally publish high-level scientific claims in formal logic, and publish the results in a special issue of an existing journal. We use the concept and technology of nanopublications for this endeavor, and represent not just the submissions and final papers in this RDF-based format, but also the whole process in between, including reviews, responses, and decisions. We do this by performing a field study with what we call formalization papers, which contribute a novel formalization of a previously published claim. We received 15 submissions from 18 authors, who then went through the whole publication process leading to the publication of their contributions in the special issue. Our evaluation shows the technical and practical feasibility of our approach. The participating authors mostly showed high levels of interest and confidence, and mostly experienced the process as not very difficult, despite the technical nature of the current user interfaces. We believe that these results indicate that it is possible to publish scientific results from different fields with machine-interpretable semantics from the start, which in turn opens countless possibilities to radically improve in the future the effectiveness and efficiency of the scientific endeavor as a whole.