bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vinylboronic acid pinacol ester as a vinyl alcohol-precursor monomer in radical copolymerization with styrene
Authors: Makino Hiroshi , Nishikawa Tsuyoshi , Ouchi Makoto
Published: June 2021

Radical copolymerization of vinylboronic acid pinacol ester (VBpin) with styrene allowed the syntheses of vinyl alcohol–styrene copolymers, which have been inaccessible with a typical precursor monomer, vinyl acetate.
Stabilizing Na metal anode with NaF interface on spent cathode carbon from aluminum electrolysis
Authors: Xie Yangyang , Hu Junxian , Zhang Liuyun , Wang Aonan , Zheng Jingqiang , Li Huangxu , Lai Yanqing , Zhang Zhian
Published: June 2021

Spent cathode carbon with a natural NaF interface is used as a Na metal anode host to stabilize the electrochemical performance.
Heteroatom-doped carbon-based oxygen reduction electrocatalysts with tailored four-electron and two-electron selectivity
Authors: Woo Jinwoo , Lim June Sung , Kim Jae Hyung , Joo Sang Hoon
Published: June 2021

Recent advances in heteroatom-doped carbon electrocatalysts showing tailored 4e−and 2e−selectivity for oxygen reduction reaction are reviewed.
Visible light-induced one-pot synthesis of CF3/CF2-substituted cyclobutene derivatives
Authors: Hu Xiao , Ding Aishun , Xu Dawen , Guo Hao
Published: June 2021

An efficient one-pot approach for the controllable synthesis of trifluoromethyl/gem-difluoromethylene substituted cyclobutene derivatives has been developed.
Synthesis of novel six-, seven- and eight-membered aluminum-containing rings by alumole ring expansion
Authors: Drescher Regina , Ritschel Benedikt , Dewhurst Rian D. , Deißenberger Andrea , Hofmann Alexander , Braunschweig Holger
Published: June 2021

Herein we present a range of new ring expansion reactions of an alumole with heteroatom-containing unsaturated species, providing a range of novel six-, seven- and eight-membered cyclic products with high heteroatom content.
Nucleation kinetics for primary, secondary and ultrasound-induced paracetamol crystallization
Authors: Devos Cedric , Van Gerven Tom , Kuhn Simon
Published: June 2021

Investigation into the effect of different nucleation mechanisms on the nucleation rate for paracetamol crystallization in stirred microvials.
Five compounds based on [TeMo6O24]6− and [β-Mo8O26]4− anions synthesized by using different symmetrical and asymmetric N-donor ligands
Authors: Ying Jun , Sun Chenxi , Jin Liang , Tian Aixiang , Wang Xiuli
Published: June 2021

A series of POM-based compounds can be used as amperometric detectors and the compounds based on [β-Mo8O26]4− can not only detect the cation Cr(vi), but also can photocatalytically reduce Cr(vi).
Modulation effects of S vacancy and Mo edge on the adsorption and dissociation behaviors of toxic gas (H2S, SO2) molecules on the MoS2 monolayer
Authors: Huang Min , Dinesh Acharya , Wu Songtao
Published: June 2021

H2S dissociates at S vacancy, pristine Mo edge and Mo edge covered with 50% sulfur atoms. SO2 chemisorbs at S vacancy and dissociates at pristine Mo edge. MoS2 with S vacancies or Mo edges is expected to be used as toxic gas removal.
Elucidating the structure, redox properties and active entities of high-temperature thermally aged CuOx–CeO2 catalysts for CO-PROX
Authors: Qiu Zhihuan , Guo Xiaolin , Mao Jianxin , Zhou Renxian
Published: June 2021

The investigation of the Cu–Ce interaction, reactive copper entities and the redox properties of high-temperature thermal aging treated high-performance CuO–CeO2 catalysts for CO-PROX.
Methane activation on single-atom Ir-doped metal nanoparticles from first principles
Authors: Ren Yugang , Liu Xiaojing , Zhang Zhaojun , Shen Xiangjian
Published: June 2021

Via single-atom Ir doping, the activity of alloy nanoparticles for methane activation is greatly improved.
A rotational spectroscopic and ab initio study of cis- and trans-(−)-carveol: further insights into conformational dynamics in monoterpenes and monoterpenoids
Authors: Hazrah Arsh S. , Al-Jabiri Mohamad , Speelman Raiden , Jäger Wolfgang
Published: June 2021

An exploration of the conformational space of cis- and trans-(−)-carveol using broadband rotational spectroscopy and theoretical methods.
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 and N2 to synthesize urea on metal–nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts: a theoretical study
Authors: Zhang Zhijia , Guo Ling
Published: June 2021

The combination of nitrogen reduction and carbon reduction was applied to electrocatalytic synthesis of urea by DFT calculation.
Natural glycyrrhizic acid: improving stress relaxation rate and glass transition temperature simultaneously in epoxy vitrimers
Authors: Wu Jianqiao , Gao Liang , Guo Zhongkai , Zhang Hao , Zhang Baoyan , Hu Jun , Li Min-Hui
Published: June 2021

Simultaneous improvement of the stress relaxation rate and Tg was achieved using natural glycyrrhizic acid in transesterification reaction-based epoxy vitrimers.
Quantitative XPS characterization of “invisible gold” in Carlin-type gold ores through controlled acid erosion
Authors: Yang Meizhi , Wan Quan , Nie Xin , Luo Suxing , Fu Yuhong , Zeng Ping , Luo Wenqi
Published: June 2021

Quantitative XPS analysis of “invisible gold” in Carlin-type gold ores was accomplished, which revealed Au concentration, percentages of Au+ and Au0, and Au NP size. An acid etching step was demonstrated to be the key to enhancing Au signal in XPS.
In-flow electrochemical detection of chemicals in droplets with pyrolysed photoresist electrodes: application as a module for quantification of microsampled dopamine
Authors: Leroy Albert , Teixidor Joan , Bertsch Arnaud , Renaud Philippe
Published: June 2021

Electrochemical detection in droplets with pyrolysed photoresist electrodes was characterized and then performed to quantify dopamine in biological concentration range and to reliably identify steps of concentration inin vitromicrosampled droplets.
Dual dean entrainment with volume ratio modulation for efficient droplet co-encapsulation: extreme single-cell indexing
Authors: Harrington Jack , Esteban Luis Blay , Butement Jonathan , Vallejo Andres F. , Lane Simon I. R. , Sheth Bhavwanti , Jongen Maaike S. A. , Parker Rachel , Stumpf Patrick S. , Smith Rosanna C. G. , MacArthur Ben D. , Rose-Zerilli Matthew J. J. , Polak Marta E. , Underwood Tim , West Jonathan
Published: June 2021

Pirouette coupling involves Dean flow for cell and reporter bead inertial ordering for efficient co-encapsulation, achieving a throughput of 1 million cells per hour, a 2.5% multiplet rate and a 70% cell capture efficiency.
Tuning the optical bandgap and piezoresistance in iridium-based molecular semiconductors through ligand modification
Authors: Eizagirre Barker Simone , Benjamin Helen , Morrison Carole A. , Afanasjevs Sergejs , Nichol Gary S. , Moggach Stephen , Kamenev Konstantin , Robertson Neil
Published: June 2021

We study the structural, optical, conductive and piezoresistive properties of d8 iridium dicarbonyl complexes with different β-diketonate ligands.
Electrochemical oxidation of diclofenac on CNT and M/CNT modified electrodes
Authors: Ferreira M. , Güney S. , Kuźniarska-Biernacka I. , Soares O. S. G. P. , Figueiredo J. L. , Pereira M. F. R. , Neves I. C. , Fonseca A. M. , Parpot P.
Published: June 2021

Successful electrochemical oxidation of diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug considered as an emerging pollutant, was investigated on CNT, Pt/CNT and Ru/CNT modified electrodes based on Carbon Toray in aqueous media.
Facile one-pot synthesis of ketones from primary alcohols under mild conditions
Authors: Bui Tien Tan , Kim Hee-Kwon
Published: June 2021

One-pot transformation of primary alcohols to ketones was achieved by using dibromoisocyanuric acid and Fe2O3. This synthetic method provides a variety of ketones in high yield under mild reaction conditions.
Ni–NiO heterojunctions: a versatile nanocatalyst for regioselective halogenation and oxidative esterification of aromatics
Authors: Bhardwaj Nivedita , Singh Ajit Kumar , Tripathi Nancy , Goel Bharat , Indra Arindam , Jain Shreyans K.
Published: June 2021

Herein, we report a facile method for the synthesis of Ni–NiO heterojunction nanoparticles, which we utilized for the nuclear halogenation reaction of phenol and substituted phenols usingN-bromosuccinimide (NBS).
A reinforced concrete structure rGO/CNTs/Fe2O3/PEDOT:PSS paper electrode with excellent wettability and flexibility for supercapacitors
Authors: Song Jia , Sui Yan , Zhao Qi , Ye Yuncheng , Qin Chuanli , Chen Xiaoshuang , Song Kun
Published: June 2021

A paper electrode with a reinforced concrete structure using reduced rGO nanosheets, PEDOT:PSS, CNTs and Fe2O3 nanoparticles was formed by a facile and simple vacuum drying method. The assembled symmetrical supercapacitor exhibits excellent electrochemical performance.
Robust VS4@rGO nanocomposite as a high-capacity and long-life cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Kaijian , Li Xing , Zang Jinhao , Zhang Zhuangfei , Wang Ye , Lou Qing , Bai Yucheng , Fu Jiatian , Zhuang Chenfei , Zhang Ying , Zhang Leilei , Dai Shuge , Shan Chongxin
Published: June 2021

VS4@rGO nanocomposite is realized as a high-performance cathode in aqueous ZIBs and its energy storage mechanisms are further revealed.
Oxygen-vacancy-mediated LaFe1−xMnxO3−δ perovskite nanocatalysts for degradation of organic pollutants through enhanced surface ozone adsorption and metal doping effects
Authors: Wang Shengzhe , Han Peiwei , Zhao Ying , Sun Wenjing , Wang Rui , Jiang Xin , Wu Chunyan , Sun Chenglin , Wei Huangzhao
Published: June 2021

LaFe1−xMnxO3−δ perovskite nanocatalysts accelerate the decomposition of O3 to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) through enhanced surface ozone adsorption and metal doping effects, and promote the degradation of organic pollutants.
Synthesis, self-assembly and Langerin recognition studies of a resorcinarene-based glycocluster exposing a hyaluronic acid thiodisaccharide mimetic
Authors: Cristófalo Alejandro E. , Nieto Pedro M. , Thépaut Michel , Fieschi Franck , Di Chenna Pablo H. , Uhrig María Laura
Published: June 2021

A synthetic glycoresorcinarene exposing a thiodisaccharide self-assembles to form spherical micelles in water. Its interaction with Langerin was studied leading to the formation of complex aggregates consistent with a 1 : 1 stoichiometry.
Bifunctional squaramide catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral α-mercaptosilanes
Authors: Zhang Ye , Guo Jingcheng , Han Jinna , Zhou Xiangui , Cao Wei , Fu Zhenqian
Published: June 2021

Asymmetric synthesis of chiral α-mercaptosilanes has been demonstrated for the first time through a bifunctional squaramide-catalyzed nucleophilic addition of thiophenols to easily available β-silyl α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.
Base-resolution analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytidine by selective oxidation and reverse transcription arrest
Authors: Koyama Kenta , Hayashi Gosuke , Ueda Hiroki , Ota Satoshi , Nagae Genta , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Okamoto Akimitsu
Published: June 2021

A base-resolution analysis of RNA hm5C “WT-Seq” has been developed using the peroxotungstate-mediated oxidation and subsequent truncated cDNA production.
An ether-linked halogenated phenazine-quinone prodrug model for antibacterial applications
Authors: Huigens III Robert W. , Yang Hongfen , Liu Ke , Kim Young S. , Jin Shouguang
Published: June 2021

We have designed, synthesized and evaluated a new ether-linked halogenated phenazine-quinone prodrug model that demonstrates antibacterial activities against pathogenic bacteria.
Free three-dimensional carborane carbanions
Authors: Jayaweera H. D. A. Chathumal , Rahman Md. Mamdudur , Pellechia Perry J. , Smith Mark D. , Peryshkov Dmitry V.
Published: June 2021

Free three-dimensional carborane carbanions, which are inorganic siblings of deprotonated aryls with the “naked” anionic carbon atom are reported.
Discovery of benthol A and its challenging stereochemical assignment: opening up a new window for skeletal diversity of super-carbon-chain compounds
Authors: Jiang Zhong-Ping , Sun Shi-Hao , Yu Yi , Mándi Attila , Luo Jiao-Yang , Yang Mei-Hua , Kurtán Tibor , Chen Wen-Hua , Shen Li , Wu Jun
Published: June 2021

The discovery of benthol A, a marine natural product featuring thirty-five carbon stereocenters and eight scattered ether rings within a C72 backbone chain, inaugurates a new family of super-carbon-chain compounds.
Multicomponent syntheses of 5- and 6-membered aromatic heterocycles using group 4–8 transition metal catalysts
Authors: Huh Daniel N. , Cheng Yukun , Frye Connor W. , Egger Dominic T. , Tonks Ian A.
Published: June 2021

In this Perspective, we discuss recent syntheses of 5- and 6-membered aromatic heterocycles via multicomponent reactions (MCRs) catalyzed by group 4–8 transition metals, with a focus on common mechanisms and synthetic strategies across the series.
Targeting protein phosphatase PP2A for cancer therapy: development of allosteric pharmaceutical agents
Authors: Brautigan David L. , Farrington Caroline , Narla Goutham
Published: June 2021

Tumor initiation is driven by oncogenes that activate signaling networks for cell proliferation and survival involving protein phosphorylation. Protein kinases in these pathways have proven to be effective targets for pharmaceutical inhibitors that have progressed to the clinic to treat various cancers. Here, we offer a narrative about the development of small molecule modulators of the protein Ser/Thr phosphatase 2A (PP2A) to reduce the activation of cell proliferation and survival pathways. These novel drugs promote the assembly of select heterotrimeric forms of PP2A that act to limit cell proliferation. We discuss the potential for the near-term translation of this approach to the clinic for cancer and other human diseases.
Promyelocytic leukemia protein: an atherosclerosis suppressor protein?
Authors: Corbett Cali B. , St. Paul Amanda K. , Autieri Michael V.
Published: June 2021

As many as 70% of cells in atherosclerotic plaque are vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) in origin, and pathways and proteins which regulate VSMC migration, proliferation, and phenotype modulation represent novel targets for rational drug design to reduce atherosclerotic vascular disease. In this volume of Clinical Science, Karle et al. demonstrate that tumor suppressor, promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) plays an important role in regulation of VSMC phenotype and response to inflammatory stimuli (Clin Sci (2021) 135(7), 887-905; DOI: 10.1042/CS20201399). This important work demonstrates that PML, previously unrecognized as a participant in development of atherosclerosis, may represent a novel target for anti-atherosclerotic therapeutic modalities.
The MUSEHubbleUltra Deep Field Survey
Authors: Bouché Nicolas F. , Genel Shy , Pellissier Alisson , Dubois Cédric , Contini Thierry , Epinat Benoît , Pillepich Annalisa , Krajnović Davor , Nelson Dylan , Abril-Melgarejo Valentina , Richard Johan , Boogaard Leindert , Maseda Michael , Mercier Wilfried , Bacon Roland , Steinmetz Matthias , Vogelsberger Mark
Published: June 2021

We investigate the specific angular momentum (sAM)j(<r) profiles of intermediate redshift (0.4 < z < 1.4) star-forming galaxies (SFGs) in the relatively unexplored regime of low masses (down toM⋆ ∼ 108 M⊙) and small sizes (down toRe ∼ 1.5 kpc), and we characterize the sAM scaling relation (i.e., Fall relation) and its redshift evolution. We have developed a 3D methodology to constrain sAM profiles of the star-forming gas using a forward modeling approach with GAlPAK3Dthat incorporates the effects of beam smearing, yielding the intrinsic morpho-kinematic properties even with limited spatial resolution data. Using mock observations from the TNG50 simulation, we find that our 3D methodology robustly recovers the star formation rate (SFR)-weightedj̃⋆(<r) profiles down to a low effective signal-to-noise ratio of ⪆3. We applied our methodology blindly to a sample of 494 [O II]-selected SFGs in the MUSE Ultra Deep Field (UDF) 9 arcmin2mosaic data, covering the unexplored 8 < logM⋆/M⊙< 9 mass range. We find that the (SFR-weighted) sAM relation followsj̃⋆∝M⋆αwith an indexαvarying fromα = 0.3 toα = 0.5, from logM⋆/M⊙= 8 to logM⋆/M⊙= 10.5. The UDF sample supports a redshift evolutionj̃⋆∝(1+z)a, witha= −0.27−0.56+0.42which is consistent with the (1 + z)−0.5expectation from a universe in expansion. The scatter of the sAM sequence is a strong function of the dynamical state with logj|M⋆∝ 0.65−0.08+0.06× log(Vmax/σ), whereσis the velocity dispersion at 2Re. In TNG50, SFGs also form aj̃⋆−M⋆−(V/σ) plane, but it correlates more with galaxy size than with morphological parameters. Our results suggest that SFGs might experience a dynamical transformation, and lose their sAM, before their morphological transformation to becoming passive via either merging or secular evolution.
High-cadence measurements of electron pitch-angle distributions from Solar Orbiter SWA-EAS burst mode operations
Authors: Owen C. J. , Kataria D. O. , Berčič L. , Horbury T. S. , Berthomier M. , Verscharen D. , Bruno R. , Livi S. , Louarn P. , Anekallu C. , Kelly C. W. , Lewis G. R. , Watson G. , Fortunato V. , Mele G. , Nicolaou G. , Wicks R. T. , O’Brien H. , Evans V. , Angelini V.
Published: June 2021

Small-scale kinetic processes associated with turbulence, plasma instabilities, magnetic reconnection, etc., play a major role in dissipating energy and governing the large-scale evolution of the solar wind. However, a general impediment to improving the understanding of the kinetic physics of the solar wind is in the limitations on measurement cadences of particle instruments, which are usually several orders of magnitude below the equivalent cadences of field instruments. Nevertheless, knowledge of the details of the particle velocity distribution functions (VDFs) at sub-second cadence is required to make progress in this area. This is particularly true for the electron VDFs, which play a significant role in the overall energetics of the solar wind through their transmission of heat flux from the Sun. In this paper, we detail and illustrate a novel measurement scheme deployed on Solar Orbiter’s Solar Wind Analyser Electron Analyser System (SWA-EAS), which allows for 2D pitch angle distributions (PAD) to be returned over short periods (5–10 min) at a cadence of 0.125 s. This is achieved through the use of a B-field vector shared by the magnetometer (MAG) instrument to steer the SWA-EAS system to record only that part of the full SWA-EAS field-of-view needed to construct the PAD. We provide an example of early observations using this scheme to illustrate that it is working well. Given that the electrons are usually gyrotropic, these measurements provide a new tool with which to derive details of the electron VDFs at high cadence for the study of the solar wind’s kinetic processes.
The Gaia-ESO Survey: Galactic evolution of lithium from iDR6
Authors: Romano D. , Magrini L. , Randich S. , Casali G. , Bonifacio P. , Jeffries R. D. , Matteucci F. , Franciosini E. , Spina L. , Guiglion G. , Chiappini C. , Mucciarelli A. , Ventura P. , Grisoni V. , Bellazzini M. , Bensby T. , Bragaglia A. , de Laverny P. , Korn A. J. , Martell S. L. , Tautvaišienė G. , Carraro G. , Gonneau A. , Jofré P. , Pancino E. , Smiljanic R. , Vallenari A. , Fu X. , Gutiérrez Albarrán M. L. , Jiménez-Esteban F. M. , Montes D. , Damiani F. , Bergemann M. , Worley C.
Published: June 2021

Context. After more than 50 years, astronomical research still struggles to reconstruct the history of lithium enrichment in the Galaxy and to establish the relative importance of the various 7Li sources in enriching the interstellar medium (ISM) with this fragile element.

Aims. To better trace the evolution of lithium in the Milky Way discs, we exploit the unique characteristics of a sample of open clusters (OCs) and field stars for which high-precision 7Li abundances and stellar parameters are homogeneously derived by the Gaia-ESO Survey (GES).

Methods. We derive possibly un-depleted 7Li abundances for 26 OCs and star forming regions with ages from young (∼3 Myr) to old (∼4.5 Gyr), spanning a large range of galactocentric distances, 5 < RGC/kpc < 15, which allows us to reconstruct the local late Galactic evolution of lithium as well as its current abundance gradient along the disc. Field stars are added to look further back in time and to constrain 7Li evolution in other Galactic components. The data are then compared to theoretical tracks from chemical evolution models that implement different 7Li forges.

Results. Thanks to the homogeneity of the GES analysis, we can combine the maximum average 7Li abundances derived for the clusters with 7Li measurements in field stars. We find that the upper envelope of the 7Li abundances measured in field stars of nearly solar metallicities (−0.3 < [Fe/H]/dex < +0.3) traces very well the level of lithium enrichment attained by the ISM as inferred from observations of cluster stars in the same metallicity range. We confirm previous findings that the abundance of 7Li in the solar neighbourhood does not decrease at super-solar metallicity. The comparison of the data with the chemical evolution model predictions favours a scenario in which the majority of the 7Li abundance in meteorites comes from novae. Current data also seem to suggest that the nova rate flattens out at later times. This requirement might have implications for the masses of the white dwarf nova progenitors and deserves further investigation. Neutrino-induced reactions taking place in core-collapse supernovae also produce some fresh lithium. This likely makes a negligible contribution to the meteoritic abundance, but could be responsible for a mild increase in the 7Li abundance in the ISM of low-metallicity systems that would counterbalance the astration processes.
A mass reducing flow for real-valued flat chains with applications to transport networks
Authors: Downes Carol Ann
Published: June 2021

An oriented transportation network can be modeled by a 1-dimensional chain whose boundary is the difference between the demand and supply distributions, represented by weighted sums of point masses. To accommodate efficiencies of scale into the model, one uses a suitable Mα norm for transportation cost for α ∈ (0, 1]. One then finds that the minimal cost network has a branching structure since the norm favors higher multiplicity edges, representing shared transport. In this paper, we construct a continuous flow that evolves some initial such network to reduce transport cost without altering its supply and demand distributions. Instead of limiting our scope to transport networks, we construct this Mα mass reducing flow for real-valued flat chains by finding a higher dimensional real chain whose slices dictate the flow. Keeping the boundary fixed, this flow reduces the Mα mass of the initial chain and is Lipschitz continuous under the flat-α norm. To complete the paper, we apply this flow to transportation networks, showing that the flow indeed evolves branching transport networks to be more cost efficient.
The participative budget of making a city sustainable: quintuple helix approach
Authors: Petrushenko Mykola , Grunwaldt Carsten
Published: June 2021

For transition economies, urban management processes are also in transition, which also means a situational opportunity to apply an integrated approach to the implementation of innovative projects, in which economic and political, as well as social, socio-cultural and environmental directions of development can receive a positive stimulus. Purpose of the study is to analyze the structure of participatory budgeting projects on the continuum “science and education – environment”, in accordance with the methodological approach to justify the innovative development of the city (based on helix-modeling). The paper has outlined an approach to activation the principles of sustainable and inclusive development at the local level, on the example of the participatory budget of Kyiv city in Ukraine. At the methodological level, the stages of the evolution of helix-modeling to the quintuple level have been analyzed in detail, the results of which are proposed to be implemented in accelerating the transformation of the projects structure aimed at the development of economic, social and environmental aspects of citizens life, namely in the fields of education, science, culture, sports, ecology, etc. Analysis of the change in the structure of participatory budgeting in Kyiv for the period 2017-2019 allows us to talk about the optimistic transition scenario of the city and the country in whole to the real pace of achievement the Sustainable Development Goals 2030. Strengthening the current positive changes with the help of state support, as well as ensuring a sufficient responsible investment, allows at a project level to succeed in improving the sustainability of the city.
Positive psychology as a counterweight to youth economic deprivation
Authors: Hovorun Tamara , Kaur Kulpreet , Ryk Hanna , Lomak Olha , Kikinezhdi Oksana
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the topical problem of economic deprivation of young women and men and alternatives for overcoming it through the introduction of the psycho-correctional practices of positive psychology. The subject of the study is to find out the gender symmetry or its violation in the position of the subjectivity of genders in the choice of life activity strategy. The conceptual model of positive psychology and its components as the indicators of the psychological state of young women and men in personal and professional self-determination are presented. The social and psychological factors that determine the satisfaction of the youth with the choice of a job and its content, the ability to direct and adjust the requests and motivations of young women and men in searching for a more successful professional and social status have been substantiated. It has been found out that overcoming gender inequality in social and economic gender expectations, and a sense of economic deprivation of the youth is possible by internalizing the basic principles of personality self-determination through learning, and involvement in positive psychology. Egalitarian orientations concerning the importance of receiving professional education and developing adequate personality qualities are important for youth but especially for young women’s internal subjective well-being experience. Satisfaction with social environment and confidence in the coming day the most common international concepts of economic happiness for group youth psychology.
Modeling the assessment of investment projects for territorial communities in compliance with the concept of sustainable development
Authors: Polova Alyona , Maksyshko Nataliia , Vasylieva Oksana
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of evaluation and selection of investment projects aimed at the development of territorial communities (TC) and take into account the need to pursue the goals of sustainable development at the local level. In the context of decentralization reform, attracting investment funds is the leading activity of local self-government. And to ensure the transparency of management and presentation of its results to the governing bodies of TC need new scientific methods to justify the choice of one or more projects from a variety of alternative solutions. Decision-making taking into account the concept of sustainable development determines the evaluation of investment projects in terms of their effectiveness in finding a balance between social, economic and environmental components. The peculiarity of comparative analysis is taking into account the qualitative assessment, so to make optimal investment management decisions, a model is proposed, developed on the basis of fuzzy logic and implemented using tools Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. The article builds and substantiates an improved fuzzy model for evaluating investment projects for TC development. The improved model is based on a system of 15 quantitative and qualitative indicators of achieving goals in the social, economic and environmental components of the concept and allows for a “soft” assessment of the investment project. This model is used to substantiate the decisions of the TC of Zaporizhzhia region and can be used in the development of decision support systems at the level of TC for quantitative justification of decisions, conducting variant calculation.
Modeling of thermal process in the energy system “Electrical network - asynchronous motor”
Authors: Kuznetsov Vitaliy , Tryputen Mykola , Tytiuk Valerii , Rozhnenko Zhanna , Levchenko Serhii , Kuznetsov Valeriy
Published: June 2021

The paper discusses the influence of low-quality electricity on the temperature modes of operation of an asynchronous motor. In the course of experimental and analytical studies, the heat transfer coefficients and heat capacity of a particular electromechanical converter were determined. Experimental and analytical dependences of temperature changes of an asynchronous motor on time are given when it is connected to a supply voltage with different coefficients of sinusoidal distortion and negative sequence. The resulting model is tested for its adequacy to the real process and can be used as an element in the energy-economic model of an asynchronous motor to assess its uptime. This model that can be useful for simulation of thermal processes in asynchronous motors and optimising these devices for increasing the reliability.
World market of liquid biofuels: trends, policy and challenges
Authors: Hyrchenko Yevhenii , Skibina Tetiana , Us Yana , Veckalne Regina
Published: June 2021

This paper aimed at studying the current state of development of liquid biofuels’ world market. The authors considered the theoretical bases of liquid biofuels production, their types, disadvantages and advantages. The world experience of introducing stimulation mechanisms of development and their influence on the sectors’ growth is analyzed. In this study’s frame, there is outlined the world leaders in the production of liquid biofuels. The findings represent the peculiarities of state regulation in implementing mandates for creating transport fuels with bioliquids. The current state of investment in the production of liquid biofuels was investigated. The obtained results contribute to the prospects for promoting world production of liquid biofuels to achieve the Paris Agreement’s goals by 2030 under the sustainable development scenario.
Predictive control of induction motor drive
Authors: Kozakevych Ihor , Budnikov Kyrylo
Published: June 2021

The work is devoted to the study of the possibilities of using the predictive torque control system instead of the currently widely used direct torque control system. Aspects of using the system of direct torque control of an induction motor are considered and it is found that its significant disadvantage is the variable frequency of semiconductor switches. As a further development of the direct torque control system, a predictive torque control system is analyzed, which contains blocks for estimating unmeasured state variables, as well as predicting the state of a dynamic system when applying possible control signals. The systems were compared by mathematical modeling in Matlab / Simulink.
Balancing Ukraine’s energy system: challenges under high renewable energy penetration and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kurbatova Tetiana , Sotnyk Iryna , Prokopenko Olha , Sidortsov Roman , Tu Yu-xia
Published: June 2021

The paper deals with the problems of balancing the United Energy System of Ukraine caused by high renewable energy penetration and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the energy sector. The paper analyses the trends in renewable energy development, the dynamics and structure of electricity consumption and export in pre-epidemic and epidemic periods and identifies the main challenges to operational security of the United Energy System of Ukraine. The methodical approach to improve the methodology for estimation of country’s energy security level by considering the index of developing capacities for balancing the United Energy System of Ukraine is suggested. In addition, proposals have been made to reduce threats to the stable work of the United Energy System of Ukraine by putting into operation of energy storage capacities, promoting the development of мaneuvering renewable energy capacities, and implementation of other appropriate measures in this field.
Removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater by silver-loaded natural clinoptilolite
Authors: Panayotova Marinela
Published: June 2021

Presence of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), in water is an important environmental and human health problem. Natural zeolites are widely accepted as non-expensive adsorbents for sustainable remediation, however they are not effective in removing metals in anionic form. The paper presents study on use of silver (Ag) modified natural clinoptilolite to immobilize Cr(VI) ions from model and real neutral to slightly alkaline wastewater. Increasing the initial pollutant concentration increases the removed amount (80 % removal from model wastewater in 45 min at initial concentration of 30 mg Cr(VI)/L). The pseudo-second order kinetic equation best describes the Cr(VI) immobilization by the Ag-modified zeolite, which is indicative for the chemical nature of the rate-limiting step of the process. The data obtained are best fitted to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The Ag-modified clinoptilolite removes in 30 min over 80 % of Cr(VI), over 75 % of Cu(II) and over 70 % of Zn(II) that present simultaneously in an industrial wastewater. Due to its ability to remove Cr(VI) species, in combination with some heavy metal ions, some organic pollutants and exhibited antibacterial activity, silver loaded clinoptilolite seems to be a possible multifunctional reagent in the water and wastewater treatment and deserves further investigation.
Research activation energy in thermal modification of wood
Authors: Tsapko Yuriy , Bondarenko Olga , Horbachova Oleksandra , Mazurchuk Serhii , Buyskikh Nataliya
Published: June 2021

The analysis of the process of thermal modification of wood, which was modified by a controlled process of pyrolysis of wood heating (> 180 ° C) in the absence of oxygen, which causes some chemical changes in the chemical structures of cell wall components (lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose), durability. It is proved that in the process of thermal modification the decomposition of hemicelluloses and the amorphous part of cellulose occurs, and therefore the amount of substances that are the environment for the development of fungi in wood significantly decreases. In addition, lignin and the formed pseudolignin undergo a process of polymerization and redistribution of cell volume and give cell walls greater density, hardness, increase hydrophobicity (water repellency), thereby reducing their ability to absorb moisture and edema. Polymerized lignin fills the inner cavity of the cell, forming a closed porous structure with a low ability to bind water. It was found that the most effective parameter for reducing such substances is the temperature and exposure time. The results of thermogravimetric researches are given, the dependence of weight loss on temperature of researches on the basis of which activation energy is calculated is defined. The results of determining the activation energy show that for hardwood species this value exceeds more than 1.5 times compared to softwood.
Moisture as assessment criterion for coal rank and coal layers hazardous characteristics manifestation
Authors: Tarasov Vadym , Antoshchenko Mykola , Zakharova Olha , Zakharova Anastasiia , Levadnyi Oleg
Published: June 2021

For the time being, moisture effect to the useful quality of coals has been researched comprehensively in detail. Herewith, there are a lot of unsolved problems related to the safety working out of coal layers. Presence of different forms of moisture in fossil coals essentially influences the coal layers hazardous characteristics manifestation during the mining activities. The Article deals with the results of analyses of more than thousand samples of the Donets Basin coals from different deposits, to research the relationship of total moisture and organic matter components in the coal carbonizations during the metamorphic processes. The researches have allowed separation of 3 stages for the fossil coal conversions. It is noted that at the initial stage, the carbon content is about 80%, moisture proportion in carbonization is rather high—0.36; but it decreases abruptly down to 0.12, in case of the carbon content increasing up to 86.5%. And the proportion of components (hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur) total increases essentially up to 0.88. At the next stage, at 86.5÷91.5%, the components proportion in carbonization changes insignificantly. At the final stage of coal metamorphic conversions, 4-time growth of moisture proportion takes place in carbonization. It is found that moisture proportion in any form to be found in the coals shall be considered as a rank index, which is necessary to determine the coal layers hazardous characteristics.
Methodological approaches to the study of mineral resource potential of regions
Authors: Syvyj Myroslav , Mazbayev Ordenbek , Volik Olena , Panteleeva Natalia , Hanchuk Olena
Published: June 2021

The exploration industry of Ukraine is experiencing a protracted crisis. It is confirmed by the curtailment of funding for the development of country mineral resources by 60% last year which causes the closure of exploration companies. The range of problems traditionally solved by the geography of mineral resources is significantly reduced. These reasons encouraged us to consider the main methodological approaches to the study of mineral potential of specific regions. The studied approaches such as natural-geographical, economic-geographical, ecological-geographical, and complex structural-geographical lie in the domain of geographical science. The article emphasizes the urgency to develop structural and geographical course of research, which is based on the studies of mineral resources and the approaches mentioned above including geological one. The structural and geographical course of research is supposed to create real models of mineral resources of the country regions and to suggest specific measures of their structure optimization alongside prospects of their development following modern world tendencies. The research may result in the creation of a long-term concept of balanced development of the mineral complex of the region, the prevision of the use of mineral resources, the justification of resource-saving technologies. A systematic approach to such a concept will ensure the rational use of resources, the formation of new infrastructure, conditions for environmentally safe function of the economy, sustainable and balanced development of the economic complex of the region.
Bioremediation of toluene by bioaugmentation, biostimulation and natural attenuation
Authors: Yaman Cevat , Anil Ismail , Aga Omer , Yaman Ayse B. , Qureshi Aleem
Published: June 2021

Contamination in subsurface environment is a serious environmental hazard. Main sources of the contamination are petrol, diesel fuel, gasoline at oil refineries, underground storage tanks, transmission pipelines and different industries. Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs), which is a promising technology to remediate groundwater in-situ, are filled with reactive materials for the removal of the contaminants present in groundwater. In this study, groundwater contaminated with toluene is treated in reactor columns by biological processes. This study was conducted to assess the impact of bioaugmentation (BA) and biostimulation (BS) on toluene degradation efficiency. After 44 days of treatment, toluene concentrations were decreased from 5 mg/l to 4.304 mg/l by the natural attenuation treatment (Reactor 2), which represents a 13.9% removal efficiency. Toluene was reduced to 0.0239 mg/l in the biostimulation and bioaugmentation treatment (Reactor 1), which represents a toluene removal efficiency of 99.5%. This study showed that the toluene removal efficiency in the combined BA and BS process was much higher than in natural attenuation (NA) process tested.
Current Concepts of Pathogenesis and Treatment of Philadelphia Chromosome-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Zeeh Franziska C. , Meyer Sara C.
Published: June 2021

Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms are hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysregulated proliferation of mature myeloid blood cells. They can present as polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, or myelofibrosis and are characterized by constitutive activation of JAK2 signaling. They share a propensity for thrombo-hemorrhagic complications and the risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Attention has also been drawn to JAK2 mutant clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential as a possible precursor state of MPN. Insight into the pathogenesis as well as options for the treatment of MPN has increased in the last years thanks to modern sequencing technologies and functional studies. Mutational analysis provides information on the oncogenic driver mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL in the majority of MPN patients. In addition, molecular markers enable more detailed prognostication and provide guidance for therapeutic decisions. While JAK2 inhibitors represent a standard of care for MF and resistant/refractory PV, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the only therapy with a curative potential in MPN so far but is reserved to a subset of patients. Thus, novel concepts for therapy are an important need, particularly in MF. Novel JAK2 inhibitors, combination therapy approaches with ruxolitinib, as well as therapeutic approaches addressing new molecular targets are in development. Current standards and recent advantages are discussed in this review.
Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Asymptomatic Atrial Fibrillation Incidentally Detected in Primary Care Compared with Other Clinical Presentations
Authors: Wallenhorst Christopher , Martinez Carlos , Freedman Ben
Published: June 2021

Background It is uncertain whether stroke risk of asymptomatic ambulatory atrial fibrillation (AA-AF) incidentally detected in primary care is comparable with other clinical AF presentations in primary care or hospital.

Methods The stoke risk of 22,035 patients with incident nonvalvular AF from the United Kingdom primary care Clinical Practice Research Datalink with linkage to hospitalization and mortality data was compared with 23,605 controls without AF (age- and sex-matched 5:1 to 5,409 AA-AF patients). Incident AF included 5,913 with symptomatic ambulatory AF (SA-AF); 4,989 with primary and 5,724 with nonprimary hospital AF discharge diagnosis (PH-AF and non-PH-AF); and 5,409 with AA-AF. Ischemic stroke adjusted subhazard ratios (aSHRs) within 3 years of AA-AF were compared with SA-AF, PH-AF, non-PH-AF, and no AF, accounting for mortality as competing risk and adjusted for ischemic stroke risk factors.

Results There were 1,026 ischemic strokes in 49,544 person-years in patients with incident AF (crude incidence rate: 2.1 ischemic strokes/100 person-years). Ischemic stroke aSHR over 3 years showed no differences between AA-AF and SA-AF, PH-AF, and non-PH-AF groups (aSHR: 0.87–1.01 vs. AA-AF). All AF groups showed a significantly higher aSHR compared with no AF.

Conclusion Ischemic stroke risk in patients with AA-AF incidentally detected in primary care is far from benign, and not less than incident AF presenting clinically in general practice or hospital. This provides justification for identification of previously undetected AF, e.g., by opportunistic screening, and subsequent stroke prevention with thromboprophylaxis, to reduce the approximately 10% of ischemic strokes related to unrecognized AF.
Direct and Efficient Synthesis of Sulfonium Acyl Sulfonylmethylide Ylides from Acetylenic Sulfones and Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Authors: Xu Jiaxi , Fu Duo , Wang Jiayi
Published: June 2021

Bifunctionalized sulfonium ylides – sulfonium acyl sulfonylmethylides – were directly and efficiently prepared from various acetylenic sulfones and aliphatic sulfoxides under heating conditions. The current method features short reaction time, low cost, readily available starting materials, convenient operation, and purification, providing an efficient access to widely applied bifunctionalized sulfonium ylides.
Fourth-Generation Analogues of the Anticancer Peptaibol Culicinin D: Probing the Effects of Hydrophobicity and Halogenation on Cytotoxicity
Authors: Kavianinia Iman , Brimble Margaret A. , Kasim Johanes K. , Bull Matthew , Harris Paul W. R. , Smaill Jeff B. , Patterson Adam V.
Published: June 2021

Preliminary results of the effect of hydrophobicity and halogenation on the cytotoxicity of the anticancer peptaibol culicinin D are reported. Building on previous work, the synthetically challenging (2S,4S,6R)-2-amino-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-8-oxodecanoic acid and (2S,4R)-2-amino-4-methyldecanoic acid building blocks were replaced with derivatives of l-phenylalanine and 2-aminodecanoic acid, respectively. Substitution of (2S,4S,6R)-2-amino-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-8-oxodecanoic acid with l-4,4′-biphenylalanine yielded an analogue that was tenfold more potent than the natural product and was also the most hydrophobic analogue, as judged by an antiproliferative IC50 assay and logD calculations; these results suggest that the potency of culicinin D may be governed by its hydrophobicity. However, the introduction of halogenated moieties into the peptide sequence generated analogues that were similarly potent, although not necessarily hydrophobic. Thus, the parameters regulating the cytotoxicity of culicinin D, and by extension other peptaibols, are multimodal and include both halogenation and hydrophobicity.
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Feeding in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Civan Hasret Ayyildiz , Bektas Gonca , Dogan Ali Evrim , Ozdener Fatih
Published: June 2021

Aim The prevalence of congenital cerebral palsy (CP) worldwide ranges from 0.15 to 0.4%. CP causes several gastrointestinal complications that inhibit normal eating behavior. This single-center observational study aimed to determine the tolerability and benefits of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in pediatric CP patients with malnutrition.

Materials and Methods The study included 41 pediatric CP patients with malnutrition. All patient data were retrospectively obtained from Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Istanbul, Turkey. In addition to baseline measurements of weight, height, triceps skinfold thickness, 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D3, folate, iron, zinc, vitamin B12, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume, data analyzed included follow-up measurements recorded at 3 and 6 months of PEG (standard polymeric enteral supplementation as 1.0 kcal mL–1).

Results There was significant improvement in both height, weight, and triceps skinfold thickness in all patients at 3 and 6 months of PEG (p < 0.05). In terms of blood parameters, there was not significant improvement, except that the number of patients with a low hemoglobin count significantly decreased at 3 and 6 months of (p = 0.022). Moreover, the number of patients with vomiting after PEG also significantly decreased at 3 and 6 months of (p = 0.004).

Conclusion PEG significantly improves malnutrition in pediatric CP patients and does not cause any major complications. Based on these findings, we think PEG is a beneficial and cost-effective intervention with a high rate of tolerability in pediatric CP patients with malnutrition.