bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Reservoir Operation With Demand Uncertainty and Internal Climate Variability
Authors: Upadhyay Divya , Bhatia Udit
Published: February 2024

Climate change projections, essential for water resource management, are dominated by multiple sources of uncertainty, including scenario uncertainty and Internal Climate Variability (ICV). The latter is often classified as irreducible and thereby overlooked in traditional decision-making processes on regional and local scales. Our study translates these traditionally irreducible uncertainties into actionable insights by leveraging multiple initial condition ensemble (MICE) outputs, a physically based hydrological model and a multiobjective stochastic optimisation approach. We focus on the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat, India, a multipurpose reservoir integral to flood control, hydropower generation and meeting diverse water demands under two future climate scenarios (SSP245 and SSP585). We find that for the multipurpose reservoir under consideration, despite considering a broad spectrum of outputs, which are equally plausible due to the inherent variability of the climate, the system is highly reliable for meeting the drinking water supply for the region for the next
century, although at the cost of agricultural and industrial water supply. Incorporating ICV provides a robust assessment of system attributes, including reliability, vulnerability, and resilience, particularly when these objectives are in trade-off with each other. Our study emphasizes the critical role of accounting for ICV in water resource planning. This analytical approach allows stakeholders to pinpoint specific vulnerabilities, allowing targeted planning for more adaptable and resilient water resource management strategies, including sustainable water supply and flood control.
Quantum Machine Learning and TensorNetworks as an Aid in the Clinical Diagnosis ofCoronary Artery Disease
Authors: Bopardikar Soham , Montoya Manuel , Decoodt Pierre , Lalinde-Pulido Juan G. , Sierra-Sosa Daniel
Published: February 2024

Current applications of quantum machine learning are emerging, dueto the potential benefits that quantum technologies could bring in thenear future. One of the most recent developments is tensor network-based architectures, to explore the feasibility of the application of thismethod to healthcare, in this paper tensor networks are applied to theIEEE Heart Disease (COMPREHENSIVE) dataset for supervised clas-sification of coronary artery disease diagnosis. Three quantum machinelearning models were implemented in this study: 3-qubit Q-MPS, 4 qubitQ-MERA and 4-qubit Q-TTN. These were compared to six classical ma-chine learning models: Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Support VectorMachines (SVM), Decision Tree, Random Forest, and XGBoost; achiev-ing similar or better results than those of the best classical models. Themodels were evaluated following different strategies to modify the trainingand testing conditions, applying variations to the dataset by isolating theCleveland and Hungary datasets, which are subsets of the former. Addi-tionally, the impact of the input feature space preparation is demonstratedexperimentally, showing that there exist preferred conditions where thegeneralization of the model is maximum.
Optimization of entanglement depends on the extremality and nonextremality of a black hole
Authors: Barman Subhajit , Majhi Bibhas Ranjan
Published: February 2024

We consider two Unruh-DeWitt detectors interacting with a massless, minimally coupled scalar field in a (1+1) dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom black hole spacetime. In particular, one of the detectors, corresponding to Alice, is moving along an outgoing null trajectory. While the other detector carried by Bob is static. With this set-up, we investigate the entangling condition and the measure of the entanglement, concurrence, in the nonextremal and extremal scenarios. Our observations suggest, as expected, a qualitative similarity in characteristics of the entanglement between these two scenarios. However, we find a distinct and consistent quantitative feature between the nonextremal and extremal concurrences for a broad range of black hole charges. With moderately large detector transition energy, the extremal background always accounts for the larger entanglement than the nonextremal one. In contrast, with low detector transition energy, entanglement on the nonextremal background can be greater. Therefore, by adjusting the detector transition energy, one can perceive optimum entanglement from either the extremal or the nonextremal background.
New evidence contradicts the rapid spread of invasive genes into a threatened native species
Authors: Fitzpatrick Benjamin Minault , McCartney-Melstad Evan , Johnson Jarrett , Shaffer H Bradley
Published: February 2024

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping has become the default strategy for genetic analyses of natural populations. However, because of their simplicity, SNPs can sometimes be misleading. We used a seemingly well-curated panel of diagnostic SNPs to evaluate patterns of hybridization between introduced and native tiger salamanders (Ambystoma) across California. We found evidence of three genes with non-native alleles at high frequencies in otherwise pure native populations far from the previously recognized hybrid zone. While both fascinating and important for conservation, these ‘superinvasive’ alleles also challenged our perception of salamander movement abilities. Here, we further tested our initial interpretation, first by isolating DNA from two specimens of native California tiger salamanders collected several decades before the introduction of barred tiger salamanders. Both specimens had the putative invasive SNPs, suggesting that they are not diagnostic of nonnative ancestry. We followed up with a novel genealogical analysis of DNA sequences of the loci containing the questionable SNPs, and showed that the genotypes formerly interpreted as “superinvasive” are better explained as native variants that share a SNP with the introduced species. These results indicate that the hybrid invasion, while still enormous in extent, remains limited to areas near the original introduction sites. Our study demonstrates how mistakes in DNA-based analyses of invasions can be recognized and corrected using genealogical analysis of DNA sequences (tree-based haplotype inference) rather than SNPs, which are more subject to ascertainment bias. It also demonstrates the value of revisiting previous inferences, especially when important conservation targets are at stake.
Anisotropy-free arrayed waveguide gratings on X-cut thin film lithium niobate platform of in-plane anisotropy
Authors: Liu Liu , YI JUNJIE , Guo Changjian , RUAN ZILIANG , CHEN GENGXIN , WEI HAIQIANG , LU LIWANG , GONG SHENGQI , PAN XIAOFU , SHEN XIAOWAN , GUAN XIAOWEI , Dai Daoxin , ZHONG KANGPING
Published: February 2024

Arrayed waveguide grating is a versatile and scalable integrated light dispersion device, which has been widely adopted in various applications, including, optical communications and optical sensing. Recently, thin-film lithium niobate emerges as a promising photonic integration platform, due to its ability of shrinking largely the size of typical lithium niobate based optical devices and possible integration of them on a chip. However, due to the intrinsic anisotropy of the material, to build an arrayed waveguide grating on X-cut thin-film lithium niobate has never been successful. Here, a universal strategy to design anisotropy-free dispersive components on a uniaxial in-plane anisotropic photonic integration platform is introduced for the first time. This leads to the first implementation of arrayed waveguide gratings on X-cut thin-film lithium niobate with various configurations and high-performances. The best insertion loss of 2.4dB and crosstalk of -24.1dB is obtained for the fabricated arrayed waveguide grating devices. Applications of such arrayed waveguide gratings as a wavelength router and in a wavelength-division multiplexed optical transmission system are also demonstrated.
Oxygen vacancy H2V3O8 nanowires as high-capacity cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Li Xiang , Chen Zhiwei , Li Yang , Xu Yiran , Bai Donglong , Deng Bin , Yao Wei , Xu Jianguang
Published: February 2024

H2V3O8 has been regarded as a compelling cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) owing to its elevated theoretical capacity, abundance of vanadium valence states, and advantageous layered configuration. Nonetheless, the intrinsically low conductivity and sluggish ionic reaction kinetics of H2V3O8 result in undesirable, constraining its broader implementation in AZIBs. In this study, a facile hydrothermal approach was utilized to prepare H2V3O8 nanowires with an abundance of oxygen vacancies. The combination of nanowire nanostructure and oxygen vacancies of the H2V3O8 offer improved ion diffusion kinetics and enhanced electronic conductivity, leading to a superior improved electrochemical performance. Particularly, the H2V3O8 nanowire cathodes with the optimal oxygen vacancy concentration (HVO-20) exhibit a specific capacity of 461.7 mAh g− 1 at 0.3 A g− 1 and exceptional cycle life of 198.8 mAh g− 1 after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g− 1. The investigation unveils the impact of oxygen vacancy vanadium-based oxides on the performance of AZIBs, presenting a viable strategy for advanced cathode materials in AZIBs.
Shrinking Rice Bowls: Tracing the Decline of Philippine Rice Lands
Authors: Taer Albino
Published: February 2024

Rice farming is a pillar of food security, livelihoods, and cultural heritage across the Philippines. However, available rice lands face mounting pressures. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on factors driving the decline of Philippine rice lands over the past 30 years (1993-2023). Literature was retrieved from academic databases and grey sources, screened for relevance, and analyzed following PRISMA guidelines. Results reveal both natural and anthropogenic threats to rice lands: recurrent typhoons, volcanic eruptions, landslides, and flooding periodically damage rice areas. However, human activities dominated the drivers of rice land loss and degradation. Rapid urbanization and sprawl have directly converted 30-50% of rice lands near cities over recent decades. Agricultural policies and shifting profitability spurred farmers to convert paddies to aquaculture, cash crops, and other uses. Inadequate irrigation leaves 30% of lands dry. Deforestation disrupts water supplies essential for traditional wet rice cultivation, prompting abandonment. Groundwater over-extraction causes subsidence, enhancing flood risks and infrastructure damage. Deteriorating iconic Cordillera rice terraces face erosion and landslides after abandonment. Integrated land use planning is urgently needed to safeguard sufficient rice lands and support climate-resilient, sustainable intensification. Stronger protection of agricultural zones, expansion of irrigation infrastructure, and farmers’ adaptation incentives can help secure rice farming livelihoods and long-term food self-sufficiency, given the projected pressures of urbanization and climate change across the Philippines’ rice lands.
Phase Diagrams of Binary Mixtures of Saturated Monoglycerides in Vegetable and Mineral Oil and Their Impact in the Oleogels Rheology
Authors: Charó-Alvarado Maria E. , Charó-Alonso Miriam A. , Toro-Vazquez J. F.
Published: February 2024

Phase diagrams of binary mixtures of 1-stearoyl glycerol (C18) with 1-myristoyl glycerol (C14), 1-palmitoyl glycerol (C16) or 1-monobehenin glycerol (C22) in vegetable and mineral oil were obtained using different molar fractions of the monoglycerides (MGs) keeping the MG concentration constant (8% wt/wt). We observed that, independent of the MG mixture (C18:C14, C18:C16, C18:C22) and the type of oil, the MGs developed a mixed La phase with a transition temperature practically independent of the C18 molar fraction. In contrast, the transition temperature for the sub-α phase showed a eutectic point that, for the same MG mixture, occurred in both oils at the same MG molar fraction. At the MG molar composition corresponding to the eutectic point, the difference in length between the aliphatic chains in the mixed lamella resulted in a sub-α phase with the least efficient chain packing of that developed by any other MG molar fraction. Independent of the MG mixture and the type of oil, the oleogels developed by cooling (80°C to 5°C) vegetable and mineral oil MG solutions followed by 180 min at 5°C achieved the highest elasticity (G’5°C) at the MG molar fraction composition associated with the eutectic point. Tentatively the least efficient aliphatic chains packing developed by the sub-α phase at the eutectic point, favored the incorporation and retention of higher amounts of oil. Thus, for a particular MG binary mixture, the oleogels at the eutectic point had the highest G’5°C in comparison with the G’5°C of oleogels formulated at any other MG proportion.
Effectiveness of Behavior Modification Therapy on Level of Anxiety Among Substance Addicted Patients
Authors: J Darlin Priya Jensi. , SHARMA SANTOSHI
Published: February 2024

Statement of the Problem: A study to assess the effectiveness of behavior modification therapy on level of anxiety among substance addicted patients in selected de-addiction center Meerut, U.P.
Objectives: 1. To assess the level of anxiety among substance addiction patients in experimental and control group. 2. To deliver the behavioral modification therapy in experimental group. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of behavioral modification therapy on level of anxiety among substance addiction patients in experimental group. 4. To compare the level of anxiety among substance addiction patients in experimental and control group. 5. To associate the level of anxiety and their selected variables among the substance addiction patients in experimental and control group .
Methods: A quasi experimental study was conducted on 60 substance addicted patients, 30 in experimental group and 30 in control group selected by purposive sampling technique having kept the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The tools used for this study was Standardized Hamilton Anxiety scale for assessing the level of anxiety among substance addicted patients and its demographic variables.
Results: Major findings of the study: Findings of the study reveals that the effectiveness of behavioural modification therapy is help to decrease the level of anxiety Among Experimental Group Pre-test scores shows that that majority of samples 16(53%) had mild to moderate anxiety, 08 (27%) had mild anxiety and 04 (13%) had moderate to severe anxiety and post-test data represented that majority of samples 20(66%) had mild anxiety, 06 (20%) had mild to moderate anxiety, and 02 (7%) had severe anxiety.
Conclusion: The results and findings of this study shows that Behavior modification therapy is very effective and significant to decrease the level of anxiety among substance use patients from selected rehabilitation center, Meerut.
Regulation of Spermatogenesis by Different Alternative Splicing Events of MEI1 Gene in Mongolian Horse
Authors: Song Dailing , Weng Yajuan , Terigele Baterin , Wang Guoqing , Manglai Dugarjaviin , Li Bei
Published: February 2024

The Mongolian horse has the characteristics of cold resistance, rough feeding resistance, good endurance, strong disease resistance and strong gregariousness. The normal production of sperm in male mammals is the basis of reproduction, and spermatogenesis includes a mitosis, meiosis twice and metamorphosis of sperm cells. The MEI1 gene is involved in the meiosis cycle and is required for normal meiosis chromosome association. Previous studies have shown that alternative splicing of MEI1 gene can promote spermatogenesis in Mongolian horses. In this study, the expression of MEI1 gene was determined by immunofluorescence in the third generation Mongolian horse testicular sertoli cells. Two overexpressed lentiviral vectors with MXE and SE events of MEI1 gene were constructed and successfully infected into sertoli cells. CCK-8 was used to detect the proliferation and activity of infected cells, transcripomics and metabolomics were used to screen and annotate differential genes and differential metabolites in the two sertoli cells with MXE and SE events. After 72 h of virus infection, 193 differentially expressed genes and 11360 differentially expressed metabolites were screened, 109 up-regulated genes including MEI1 and 84 down-regulated genes, 7494 up-regulated metabolites and 3866 down-regulated metabolites. Differential genes and differential metabolites were mainly enriched in several pathways related to spermatogenesis. Differential genes such as IL31RA, ATP2B3, CASQ2 were highly expressed in SE events, IL11, PRLR, CCR7 were highly expressed in MXE events. Metabolites such as folic acid and spermine were highly expressed in SE events, citric acid and glutathione were highly expressed in MXE events. This suggested that both MXE and SE events of MEI1 gene can promote the activity of spermatogenesis signaling pathway, and the gene influences spermatogenesis by regulating the expression of metabolites. In summary, MXE and SE events of MEI1 gene can promote the expression of spermatogen-related genes and metabolites, and genes affect spermatogenesis by regulating the expression of metabolites. The results of this study laid a theoretical foundation for exploring the regulatory mechanism of different alternative splicing events on spermatogenesis in Mongolian horse.
Transient composition of the thrips species (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infesting mulberry in southern India: first report of two, including the dominating invasive pest Thrips parvispinus
Authors: Ku Prakya Sreerama , Rachana Rajan Remani , Amarendra Bellapu , Sheela Nanjundaiah
Published: February 2024

Alerted by the steady upsurge of thrips infestation that led to drastic leaf-yield losses in mulberry, we investigated the composition of thrips species damaging the crop in the south Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu from 2017 to 2023. The five species recorded included three previously recognized mulberry pests — Bathrips melanicornis, Pseudodendrothrips darci and Scirtothrips dorsalis — and two newly encountered pests, viz. Thrips palmi and T. parvispinus. At Handenahalli village in Anekal taluk of Bengaluru urban district in Karnataka, where multiple thrips species simultaneously infested mulberry, the typical downward curling of leaves was ascribed to T. parvispinus. This was in contrast to the upward curling caused by the sole infestation of P. darci, the most common species infesting mulberry across the three states. Diagnostic characters of all the reported species are presented here along with the identification keys and photomicrographs. Thrips parvispinus as a new pest of mulberry warrants special attention given the economic loss caused by this highly polyphagous invasive species in chilli in southern India during the latter half of 2021. Its presence in the transient composition of mulberry-infesting thrips species points to a likely displacement of P. darci in the future with serious repercussions for the moriculture and sericulture sectors.
Efficacy of added Diffusion sequences to the enhanced Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of pre and postoperative cases of cholesteatoma
Authors: Elfeshawy Mohamed Salah , Elsamanody Ahmed Nabil
Published: February 2024

Background
We aimed to assess the efficacy of added diffusion to Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI) with contrast injection for early and accurate cholesteatoma detection by comparing the radiological findings with operative and histopathological data and in the postoperative patients to differentiate between operative bed granulation tissue from the residual/recurrent cholesteatoma.
Methods
We assessed 40 patients using HRCT and specific MRI protocol for imaging temporal bones. The patient selection was based on clinical examination and follow-up of postoperative pathologically proven cases. In view of diffusion and MRI findings, cholesteatoma was diagnosed in 28 out of 40 cases. All 40 cases had surgery, and 30 patients had been proven during the operation as cholesteatoma.
Results
The study revealed the high sensitivity and specificity of the added diffusion study to MRI with contrast in diagnosing cholesteatoma and differentiating between operative bed granulation tissue and the residual/recurrent cholesteatoma.
Conclusions
The MRI examination plays precious role in detecting cholesteatoma, in pre and postoperative conditions. A combination of diffusion sequences, T1, T2 and T1 delayed post-contrast Weighted Images (WIs) are helpful for the early detection of cholesteatoma and for discriminating operative bed granulation tissue from the residual/recurrent cholesteatoma.
Éditorial
Authors: Collin Simon , Guichon Nicolas
Published: February 2024

Ce numéro spécial s’inscrit dans le sillage du colloque RUNED 22 : perspectives critiques sur le numérique en éducation et en formation – enjeux politiques, sociaux et économiques qui fut organisé en mai 2022 à l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Cette rencontre scientifique avait pour ambition d’interroger l’état de structuration et les tendances actuelles des approches critiques du numérique en éducation et formation. Dans sa foulée, l’objectif de ce numéro spécial est de mettre en dialogue les tendances et intérêts actuels des perspectives critiques dans le domaine du numérique en éducation et formation, depuis son design jusqu’à ses usages, en interrogeant ce processus sous l’angle des enjeux politiques, sociaux et économiques qui le sous-tendent. Ce faisant, le « numérique » (mot-valise qui nécessite d’être ancré dans des traditions épistémologiques, disciplinaires et théoriques) est compris en tant que phénomène hétérogène, au croisement du technique et du social, du matériel et du symbolique, de l’individuel et du collectif, du contemporain et de l’historique.
Pola Perilaku Pengunjung terhadap Tata Ruang di Homwok “Authentic Coffee” Sutomo sebagai Respons dari Strategi Branding
Authors: Wijayanti Ananda Aprilia , Nainggolan Freddy Marihot Rotua , Panjaitan Irwin
Published: February 2024

Title: Visitor Behavior Settings Towards Spatial Layout at Homwok “Authentic Coffee” Sutomo as a Response to Branding Strategy

As a student city, Yogyakarta presents business opportunities for coffee shops to create spaces supporting student and worker activities such as reunions, studying together, or doing assignments. The large business opportunities are balanced with many competitors, so coffee shop entrepreneurs must develop their businesses creatively. One strategy that can be used is through an interior arrangement that can support target market activities. Homwok “Authentic Coffee” Sutomo is a coffee shop in the city of Yogyakarta that uses a branding strategy to give visitors an impression represented in the layout of the space and furniture. The method used in this research is direct observation using behavior mapping techniques to determine the condition of the space and its influence on visitor behavior patterns. Through this research, the author found that spatial planning, including dividing zones according to visitor activities and choosing the type of furniture, can influence visitor behavior patterns.
Fleksibilitas Ruang Berdasarkan Fungsi dan Waktu di Pasar Ngeseng
Authors: Karuniawati Ari , Nainggolan Freddy Marihot Rotua , Panjaitan Irwin
Published: February 2024

Title: Flexibility of Space Based on Function and Time in Ngeseng Market
The phenomenon of changing the function of space at the Ngeseng Traditional Market from a market to a culinary area has become an attraction. This research was conducted to determine the flexibility of space based on function and time at the selected object of observation, namely Ngeseng Klaten Traditional Market. The observation method can group users and activities on the object of observation. This research mainly focuses on users, namely visitors and sellers; in some cases, sellers also get discussion points with the hypothesis that there is a change in spatial arrangement, which influences different behavioral patterns, especially those related to time and flexibility. Classification of existing flexibility based on areas of observation, considering time and function, is a differentiating point in each analysis and discussion. Through this research, we will determine what behavioral patterns appear in the market, what spaces exist, and what time of day can influence user behavior.
Aplicação de AutoML em Técnicas de Aprendizado de Máquina para Classificação de Motoristas
Authors: Dias Francisco Érbio , Menezes Junior José Maria Pires
Published: February 2024

Um sistema inteligente de telemetria é uma ferramenta valiosa para coletar e monitorar dados em tempo real de uma variedade de dispositivos e sensores, onde a otimização de parâmetros do modelo de classificação de motoristas é um processo importante para melhorar o desempenho do sistema. Desta forma, em vez de definir manualmente esses parâmetros, a otimização busca encontrar os valores ideais automaticamente, minimizando uma métrica de desempenho. No entanto, em um sistema de telemetria a grande quantidade de dados gerados pode tornar a análise manual difícil, exigindo soluções automatizadas. Nesse contexto, o uso de técnicas de aprendizagem de máquina com AutoML (Automated Machine Learning) tem se mostrado uma opção eficiente para otimização de modelos e análise de um grande volume de dados de forma automatizada. Nesse estudo é utilizado quatro técnicas de aprendizagem de máquinas: K-NN, Redes Neurais Artificiais tipo MLP, algoritmo Random Forest e o GradientBoostingClassifier com o método validação cruzada e a técnica do k-fold, com folds igual a 10. Os resultados dos algoritmos de otimização de hiperparâmetros mostraram desempenho superior quando comparado com os resultados sem a utilização de técnicas de AutoML, tanto nas taxas de acerto como na precisão em todos os modelos de técnicas de aprendizagem de máquinas aplicados.
Quantitative forecasting of bed sediment load in river engineering: an investigation into machine learning methodologies for complex phenomena
Authors: Fuladipanah Mehdi , Azamathulla H. Md. , Kisi Ozgur , Kouhdaragh Mehdi , Mandala Vishwandham
Published: February 2024

The intricate calculation of bed sediment load (BSL), which is influenced by hydraulic, hydrological, and sedimentary factors, is vital for informed decision-making in water resource management. Machine learning models, which are gaining popularity due to their accessibility and ability to reveal complex relationships, play a significant role in tackling these challenges. The efficacy of gene expression programming (GEP) models, support vector machines (SVMs), multi-layer perceptron (MLP), and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) has been assessed through measured data of number 540 obtained from six rivers, namely Oak Creek, Nahal Yatir, Sagehen Creek, Elbow River, Jacoby River, and Goodwin Creek from 1954 to 1992. The assessment of model performance has been conducted utilizing root mean square error (RMSE), R2, Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE), and developed discrepancy ratio (DDR) as indices. Following data normalization within the range of 0–1, the data models underwent training and testing processes with a partition ratio of 80% for training and 20% for testing. Four dimensionless parameters, denoted as Fr = U/√gy, U/U*, Se, and ω = τU/γs√gyDs3, were employed as inputs in the models. The outcomes indicate that they exhibit superior performance compared to other methods, as evidenced by the following metrics in predicting BSL during the test stage: RMSE = 1.4088, NSE = 0.73054, R2 = 0.8729, and maximum QDDR(max) = 1.9564.
Exosomes: Friends or Foes in Microbial Infections?
Authors: Teymouri Samane , Pourhajibagher Maryam , Bahador Abbas
Published: February 2024

The use of new approaches is necessary to address the global issue of infections caused by
drug-resistant pathogens. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising approach that
reduces the emergence of drug resistance, and no resistance has been reported thus far. APDT involves
using a photosensitizer (PS), a light source, and oxygen. The mechanism of aPDT is that a
specific wavelength of light is directed at the PS in the presence of oxygen, which activates the PS
and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), consequently causing damage to microbial cells. However,
due to the PS's poor stability, low solubility in water, and limited bioavailability, it is necessary
to employ drug delivery platforms to enhance the effectiveness of PS in photodynamic therapy
(PDT). Exosomes are considered a desirable carrier for PS due to their specific characteristics, such
as low immunogenicity, innate stability, and high ability to penetrate cells, making them a promising
platform for drug delivery. Additionally, exosomes also possess antimicrobial properties, although in
some cases, they may enhance microbial pathogenicity. As there are limited studies on the use of
exosomes for drug delivery in microbial infections, this review aims to present significant points that
can provide accurate insights.
Yiqi Jiedu Xiaoying Decoction Improves Experimental Autoimmune
Thyroiditis in Rats by Regulating Th17/Treg Cell Balance
Authors: Zhu Hui , Mu Shumin , Liu Shiyin , Cui Yang , Ren Jianyu , Yang Enquan , Wang Lining , Cui Xiaoke , Ren Ailing
Published: February 2024

Background:

Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) is a widely used animal
model to study the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Yiqi Jiedu
Xiaoying Decoction (YJXD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula with potential immunomodulatory
effects. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of YJXD on EAT in
rats and explored its underlying mechanisms.

Methods:

Female Wistar rats were induced to develop EAT by immunization with thyroglobulin
(Tg) and taken sodium iodide water (0.05%) and then treated with YJXD or sodium selenite.
HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of thyroid tissue in EAT rats. Th17 and
Treg cell frequencies were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the expression levels of Th17- and
Treg-related cytokines and thyroid autoantibody were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). The expression of Th17- and Treg-related transcriptional factors was detected
by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results:

Our results demonstrated that treatment with YJXD significantly attenuated the severity
of EAT, as evidenced by reduced thyroid gland inflammatory infiltration and decreased serum thyroglobulin
autoantibody levels. Importantly, YJXD treatment effectively modulated the Th17/Treg
cell balance by suppressing Th17 cell differentiation and promoting Treg cell expansion. Moreover,
YJXD was also found to regulate the expression levels of Th17- and Treg-related cytokines
and transcriptional factors, further supporting its immunomodulatory effects in EAT.

Conclusion:

YJXD exerted therapeutic effects on EAT by regulating the Th17/Treg cell balance,
modulating the production of Th17- and Treg-related cytokines and the expression of
transcriptional factors.
Fast-Track Legislation Yang Benar Dan Demokratis
Authors: Fadli Mohammad , Putra Marsudi Dedi , Sholehudin Miftahus
Published: February 2024

The complexity of social issues is growing in line with the growing modern technology these days, which is disproportionate to its interrupted regulation in the law concerned. Using a comparative and conceptual approach, this article seeks to discuss under what circumstances this fast-track legislation can be implemented and how fast-track legislation should be correctly and democratically implemented. The results show that, fast-track legislation must apply under certain circumstances and be selected, thereby not applying to all bills, and the law-making stages should not be reduced. Second, fast-track legislation must take into account democratic principles in the legislation, or it must comply with procedures, participation, public access, or transparency. Such particular circumstances require simplification of particular stages, while the essence of the democratically-formed legislation must remain.
Eksistensi Kewenangan Pemerintahan Dalam Mengatasi Status Kewarganegaraan Bagi Anak Dari Perkawinan Beda Negara
Authors: Rifandhana Raditya Feda
Published: February 2024

This research examines the existence of government authority in overcoming the status of citizenship for children from marriages between different countries, as well as reviewing the existence of Law Number 12 of 2006 concerning Citizenship. This normative juridical research has the purpose of analyzing the problems using legal theory, so that the existence of a statutory approach and legal theory can have a positive impact, resulting in the existence of government in addressing the status of children born from interstate marriages, and producing an existence in citizenship laws can meet the needs of citizens.
Itikad Baik Pembeli Tanah Sebagai Jaminan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Wanprestasi Penjual (Studi Kasus Putusan No. 9/Pdt.G/2018/PN.Kln.)
Authors: Anggriani Reni , Fadilla Firdha Ikhsania
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyse how the protection of the Buyer of the land in the event of a default is carried out by the Seller. This research method is empirical normative, namely from laws and regulations and interviews of speakers related to this paper. Based on Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Civil Law and Supreme Court Circular No. 4 of 2016 concerning the Implementation of the Formulation of the Results of the Plenary Meeting of the Supreme Court Chamber in 2016, which is a guideline for the implementation of duties for the judiciary, the Formulation of the General Civil Chamber Number 4, is stated that Good faith when purchasing land is one of the legal protections for the Purchaser of the land, so it is necessary to obtain a guarantee of legal protection.
Studi Manajemen Konstruksi Proyek Pengendalian Banjir Sungai Lambidaro-Sekanak Kota Palembang
Authors: Syah Putra M. Raihan , Pitojo Tri Juwono  , Rahmah Dara Lufira
Published: February 2024

Manajemen Konstruksi adalah cara untuk mengatur dan mengelola proyek konstruksi dari awal hingga selesai. Dalam penerapannya, manajemen konstruksi dapat diterapkan pada semua jenis proyek konstruksi untuk menyelesaikan proyek konstruksi yang kompleks. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui biaya dan waktu yang dibutuhkan agar efektif dalam waktu dan biaya. Terdapat dua alternatif utama yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi kendala waktu dan biaya yaitu menambah durasi jam kerja agar pekerja lebih produktif per hari dengan jumlah alat berat dan tenaga kerja yang sama, dan mempercepat durasi kerja. Penambahan alat berat hanya dilakukan pada saat kegiatan yang dapat mempercepat jadwal proyek secara keseluruhan. Dari penelitian ini didapat penambahan jam kerja untuk mempercepat durasi sebesar 25 hari dan mengalami pengurangan biaya yaitu Rp1.976.073.466 dibandingkan dengan rencana anggaran yang dihitung di perhitungan awal sebesar Rp38.279.701.973 dengan presentase 5,1%.
Analisa Stabilitas Bendung Penggung Kecamatan Wonosegoro Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Alvianto Hanindyatama Gusti , Runi Asmaranto  , Andre Primantyo H
Published: February 2024

Bendung Penggung dimanfaatkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan irigasi maupun memenuhi kebutuhan air bagi masyarakat. Kerusakan pada bendung ini dapat menghambat peran dari Bendung. Analisia stabilitas bendung diperlukan untuk mengatasi kerusakan yang terjadi. Analisis ini dapat dilakukan dengan bantuan software Plaxis 2D Versi 2.0. Berdasarkan hasil analisis stabilitas, diketahui bendung ini tidak aman terhadap piping, sehingga diperlukan penambahan creep length sepanjang 4 meter. Di samping itu, stabilitas terhadap tahan terhadap guling, geser, dan daya dukung telah memenuhi syarat dimana Sf > 1,5. Setelah melakukan analisis stabilitas, diperlukan analisis Rancangan Anggaran Biaya (RAB).Penambahan creep length pada Bendung Penggung diperlukan biaya sebesar Rp 114,238,433.95.
Elementary Collective Effects in Systems Containing Small Fermion-Numbers
Authors: Plastino Angelo , Monteoliva Diana , Plastino Angel Ricardo
Published: February 2024

One deals with an fermions collective where we encounter elementary emerging-collective phenomena at very low temperatures. This simplicity allows for expanding our insight on collective fermion behavior. We focus on several quantifiers, including standard ones related to thermal behavior, such as the von Neumann entropy, and quantifiers of other kinds, like the quantum mixture.
Climate Change Impact Analysis on Food Availability in the Province of Kalimantan Utara, Indonesia
Authors: Harini Rika Harini , Susilo Bowo , Ariani Rina Dwi , Supriyati Supriyati
Published: February 2024

Climate change directly affects crop yields as a measure of food availability by, for example, causing harvest failure. El Niño and La Niña are two weather patterns affecting the climate of Indonesia, a country at low latitudes, and reportedly increasing its vulnerability to food insecurity. This research was designed to analyze climate change impact on food availability in the Province of Kalimantan Utara using secondary data(temperature, rainfall, and agricultural production) as the base data. It employed quantitative descriptive analysis to explain the study results expressed in maps, tables, and graphs and the regression technique to determine climate change impact on food availability. The regression analysis revealed that climate change significantly shaped the availability of rice (0.008) and vegetable commodity (0.000) but posed insignificanteffects on tubers, legumes, and fruits. Apart from climate change, food availability also depends on land management, land suitability, capital, technology, and cultivated plant variety
Spatio-temporal Evolution of Coastal Sabkhas in Arid Rapid Urban Development Area of Kuwait
Authors: Al-Hurban Adeeba , Albanai Jasem A
Published: February 2024

Sabkha is the Arabic term meaning "salt flat". It is usually used to describe coastal flat areas extending above the high tide level and which are evaporate-rich clastic sediments. In Kuwait, sabkhas exist along the southern and northern coastal areas. Previous studies did not discuss the chronological changes of the coastal sabkhas in Kuwait, especially the northern sabkhas, where the Government of the State of Kuwait plans urban expansion to the North to achieve Kuwait Vision 2035. This current study aims to detect the geomorphological, spatial, and temporal evolution of coastal sabkhas in Kuwait using remote sensing data and Geographic Information System (GIS) methods. Landsat satellite images were used to study the distribution and evolution of the sabkhas across Kuwait's coasts. The selected images from Landsat MSS 1985 (before the gulf war), Landsat ETM+ 2002 (after the war), and Landsat OLI 2022 (current form) have been classified using the IsoData unsupervised classification method that takes into account near and short infrared radiation. The classification accuracy was validated for 2022 images using the Kappa coefficient, where the value was 0.81. The results showed that sabkhas in Kuwait have changed geomorphologically; anthropogenic activities and urban expansion have certainly influenced this change to cope with socioeconomic demands.The area of the sabkhas shrank from 1,267 to 1,019 km2 (-17%). The results also showed that the southern sabkhas of Kuwait are declining significantly, from 207km2 in 1985 to 52km2 in 2022. The current study presents a methodology to study the spatio-temporal evolution of sabkhas in dry areas around the world, using spatial analysis and in the context of the rapid urban development that the world is witnessing.
Degraded Peatlands and Their Utilization Opportunities in Kepulauan Meranti Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Turmudi Turmudi , Saharjo Bambang Hero , Prasetyo Lilik Budi , Tjahjono Boedi
Published: February 2024

Degraded peatlands are caused by various factors, including land fires, water mismanagement, and mining activities. Indicators of degraded peatlands can be identified through the type of land cover observed in the field, which commonly includes shrubs and barren land (open areas of ex-mining land). Therefore, this study aimed to determine the dynamics of the existence of degraded land and its utilization opportunities using spatial, image, and time series analysis methodDepartment Forest Resources Conservation & Ecotourism, Forestry Faculty, Bogor Agricultural University Kampus IPB Darmaga PO.Box 168 Bogor-Indonesias. To conduct the analysis, various data sources were employed, including Landsat imagery, the Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) map, hotspots data, rainfall data, landforms maps, peatlands data, and soil information. The results of the study showed that between 1999 and 2019, the average area of degraded peatlands amounted to 198,084.54 hectares. Furthermore, the optimal area of degraded peatlands utilized for agriculture amounted to 7,122.45 hectares . Inventory of degraded peatland using the land cover approach can be obtained faster, cheaper, easier than the terrestrial method. Opportunities for using degraded land for agricultural purposes were also identified through the selection of plant species that exhibited adaptability to peatlands and held economic value. These selected plants, including sago, rubber, areca nut, and liberika coffee, were developed within the Meranti Islands Regency.
PENGALAMAN PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RSIA MARDI WALOEJA RAMPAL, MALANG
Authors: Elyana Dipa , Utarini Adi , Sari Betha Candra
Published: February 2024

Background: In recent years, there has been a trend away from global satisfaction measures to a more detailed measurement of the patient experience. While the measurement of service quality through patient experience is still rarely done in Indonesia. The number of hospitals in Malang city increase every year that creates fairly tough competition in hospital business. To answer that challenge, RSIA Mawar has measured the patient satisfaction index with an achievement of 82-89% with the lowest satisfaction score in outpatient services. Even so, hospital still received several negative comments written by patients in the 'suggestions and input' column on the patient satisfaction form. This indicates that the patient satisfaction survey has not described the real experience that patients receive.

Objectives: To describe the outpatient experience and formulate recommendations for improving the outpatient experience at RSIA Mardi Waloeja Rampal, Malang.

Methods: The design of this study is a retrospective case study. The research subjects were patients in outpatient services, doctors and nurses in outpatient services, and related hospital management. Quantitative data were collected by translated and modified outpatient experience questionnaire (OPEQ). Quantitative data will be processed and presented descriptively. Qualitative data were obtained by in-depth interviews with outpatients, doctors, and nurses as well as discussions with groups of hospital management. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically.

Results: Quantitative studies show that the majority of respondents agree with the statements in the outpatient experience questionnaire. Qualitative studies dig deeper informations into quantitative results and also generate recommendations for improvement. In addition to the seven dimensions of outpatient experience, it was found that the number of human resources in the hospital was also considered to influence the patient experience.

Conclusions: The dimension that has provided a good experience in outpatient services is the dimension of nurse-patient communication. The dimensions that still need improvement are the dimensions of health information and medical costs. There are several recommendations that have been formulated to improve the outpatient experience. RSIA Mawar is expected to be able to measure patient experiences and discuss it regularly.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENERIMAAN PENGGUNA REKAM MEDIS ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Muna Izzatul , Sanjaya Guardian Yoki
Published: February 2024

Background: The benefits of using electronic medical records have encouraged the government and hospitals in Indonesia to continue developing them. Many factors support and hinder the successful implementation of electronic medical records. User acceptance is a key variable in the mandatory use of electronic medical records. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology is the theory used to evaluate EMR and factors that influence user acceptance, namely intention to use RME.

Objective: This study aims to identify the influence of UTAUT indicators on the behavior intention to use outpatient electronic medical records.

Methods : This research used a descriptive case study approach with a location at PKU Muhammadiyah Wonosobo Hospital with a sample of all users of outpatient electronic medical records. The research was conducted with in-depth interviews with 10 informants and distributing questionnaires to 95 respondents who were analyzed using SmartPLS.

Results: Outpatient RME users at PKU Muhammadiyah Wonosobo Hospital accept to use and utilize the system now and in the future due to positive perceptions of performance expectations, effort expectations, and facility conditions. Obstacles are still found that hamper the acceptance of outpatient RME users including RME not yet integrated with all services in the hospital, RME feature dysfunction, interoperability interference, data access is not automatic, availability of inappropriate infrastructure, lack of availability of skilled IT human resources, lack of regulation. Performance expectation has a positive and significant effect on usage intention (t=2.381; p=0.018). Expectation of effort has a positive and significant effect on intention to use (t=2.004; p=0.046). Facility conditions have a positive and significant effect on usage intention (t=2.245; p=0.025). Social influence has an insignificant positive effect on intention to use (t=1.179; p=0.239).

Conclusion : Increasing user acceptance of EMR is done by increasing performance expectations, business expectations, and facility conditions that support implementation. User expectations for the use of RME in the future are system improvements, all user needs accommodated, and interoperability so that the system can be fully integrated.
Distribución y apuntes sobre Bassariscus sumichrasti en Honduras
Authors: Elvir-Valle Fausto Antonio , Portillo-Reyes Héctor Orlando , Marineros-Sánchez Leonel Edgardo
Published: February 2024

Se presenta la distribución y apuntes sobre Bassariscus sumichrasti en Honduras. Se describen aspectos ecológicos de su comportamiento, nombres comunes regionales y otras características inherentes a la especie. La distribución fue confirmada con base en registros de diferentes fuentes en ocho departamentos, que incluyen zonas núcleo y de amortiguamiento, en seis áreas protegidas y áreas no protegidas con cobertura arbórea. Se confirma la presencia de la especie en la parte sur del departamento de Cortés, en las regiones occidente, central, en las partes altas de la zona sur y oriente de Honduras en los bosques de pino y hoja ancha, así como en fincas de café. Con el presente análisis se describe con detalle la distribución confirmada mediante registros de B. sumichrasti para el país.