bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcutaneous Administration of Dengue Vaccines
Authors: Andreata-Santos Robert , Alves Rúbens Prince dos Santos , Pereira Sara Araujo , Pereira Lennon Ramos , Freitas Carla Longo de , Pereira Samuel Santos , Venceslau-Carvalho Alexia Adrianne , Castro-Amarante Maria Fernanda , Favaro Marianna Teixeira Pinho , Mathias-Santos Camila , Amorim Jaime Henrique , Ferreira Luís Carlos de Souza
Published: May 2020

In the present study, we evaluated the immunological responses induced by dengue vaccines under experimental conditions after delivery via a transcutaneous (TC) route. Vaccines against type 2 Dengue virus particles (DENV2 New Guinea C (NGC) strain) combined with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) heat-labile toxin (LT) were administered to BALB/c mice in a three-dose immunization regimen via the TC route. As a control for the parenteral administration route, other mouse groups were immunized with the same vaccine formulation via the intradermic (ID) route. Our results showed that mice vaccinated either via the TC or ID routes developed similar protective immunity, as measured after lethal challenges with the DENV2 NGC strain. Notably, the vaccine delivered through the TC route induced lower serum antibody (IgG) responses with regard to ID-immunized mice, particularly after the third dose. The protective immunity elicited in TC-immunized mice was attributed to different antigen-specific antibody properties, such as epitope specificity and IgG subclass responses, and cellular immune responses, as determined by cytokine secretion profiles. Altogether, the results of the present study demonstrate the immunogenicity and protective properties of a dengue vaccine delivered through the TC route and offer perspectives for future clinical applications.
Evaluating Impacts of Irrigation and Drought on River, Groundwater and a Terminal Wetland in the Zayanderud Basin, Iran
Authors: Abou Zaki Nizar , Torabi Haghighi Ali , Rossi Pekka M. , Tourian Mohammad J. , Bakhshaee Alireza , Kløve Bjørn
Published: May 2020

The Zayanderud Basin is an important agricultural area in central Iran. In the Basin, irrigation consumes more than 90 percent of the water used, which threatens both the downstream historical city of Isfahan and the Gavkhuni Wetland reserve—the final recipient of the river water. To analyze impacts of land use changes and the occurrence of metrological and hydrological drought, we used groundwater data from 30 wells, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the streamflow drought index (SDI). Changes in the wetland were analyzed using normalized difference water index (NDWI) values and water mass depletion in the Basin was also assessed with gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE)-derived data. The results show that in 45 out of studied 50 years, the climate can be considered as normal in respect to mean precipitation amount, but hydrological droughts exist in more than half of the recorded years. The hydrological drought occurrence increased after the 1970s when large irrigation schemes were introduced. In recent decades, the flow rate reached zero in the downstream part of the Zayanderud River. NDWI values confirmed the severe drying of the Gavkhuni Wetland on several occasions, when compared to in situ data. The water mass depletion rate in the Basin is estimated to be 30 (±5) mm annually; groundwater exploitation has reached an average of 365 Mm3 annually, with a constant annual drop of 1 to 2.5 meters in the groundwater level annually. The results demonstrate the connection between groundwater and surface water resources management and highlight that groundwater depletion and the repeated occurrence of the Zayanderud River hydrological drought are directly related to human activities. The results can be used to assess sustainability of water management in the Basin.
Treatment of Textile Wastewater by CAS, MBR, and MBBR: A Comparative Study from Technical, Economic, and Environmental Perspectives
Authors: Yang Xuefei , López-Grimau Víctor , Vilaseca Mercedes , Crespi Martí
Published: May 2020

In this study, three different biological methods—a conventional activated sludge (CAS) system, membrane bioreactor (MBR), and moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)—were investigated to treat textile wastewater from a local industry. The results showed that technically, MBR was the most efficient technology, of which the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and color removal efficiency were 91%, 99.4%, and 80%, respectively, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.3 days. MBBR, on the other hand, had a similar COD removal performance compared with CAS (82% vs. 83%) with halved HRT (1 day vs. 2 days) and 73% of TSS removed, while CAS had 66%. Economically, MBBR was a more attractive option for an industrial-scale plant since it saved 68.4% of the capital expenditures (CAPEX) and had the same operational expenditures (OPEX) as MBR. The MBBR system also had lower environmental impacts compared with CAS and MBR processes in the life cycle assessment (LCA) study, since it reduced the consumption of electricity and decolorizing agent with respect to CAS. According to the results of economic and LCA analyses, the water treated by the MBBR system was reused to make new dyeings because water reuse in the textile industry, which is a large water consumer, could achieve environmental and economic benefits. The quality of new dyed fabrics was within the acceptable limits of the textile industry.
COVID-19: a time to focus on nurses, hand hygiene and infection prevention and control
Authors: Lotfinejad Nasim , Peters Alexandra , Pittet Didier
Published: May 2020

With the global concern of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19), infection prevention and control (IPC) is increasingly perceived as a major contributor to achieve a highly effective response to the outbreak and to prevent or limit transmission in healthcare settings. Improving health results is highly reliant on well-trained nurses especially during unexpected infectious disease outbreaks. The World Health Organization (WHO) promotes hand hygiene, which is the cornerstone of infection prevention, through its annual global campaign on 5 May every year. The 2020 campaign targets nurses and midwives with the overall theme “Nurses and Midwives: CLEAN CARE is in YOUR HANDS”.
Investigation of the economic impact of surgical site infection development in cardiovascular surgeries on the prospective payment system in Japan
Authors: Ohno Minoru , Shimada Yosuke , Satoh Masaya , Endoh Daisuke , Amano Atsushi , Hori Satoshi
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic burden of surgical site infections (SSIs) that are included in the category of clean operation in the field of cardiovascular surgery.

In total, 2,583 patients who underwent cardiac surgeries at Juntendo University Hospital in Japan between April 2008 and March 2018 were investigated. Among them, 9 SSI cases were individually matched to non-SSI cases based on a combination of age group (in 5-year increments), gender, timing of hospitalization (in 2-year intervals), National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) Risk Index, main disease category, and length of stay (LOS) prior to surgery (with the difference of ≤2 days). SSI and non-SSI cases were compared in terms of median LOS and piecework reference cost (PRC).

The median LOS was 30 days for SSI cases and 19 days for non-SSI cases (p
Transição política e formação de um partido estadual de oposição
Authors: Aramis Richter Gomes Sandro
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo é analisada a composição social e o desempenho eleitoral da União Republicana, um partido que existiu no Estado do Paraná entre os anos de 1890 e 1895. O objetivo deste artigo é produzir um conhecimento sobre a acomodação das antigas elites provinciais no contexto da vida política da Primeira República. Nesse âmbito, é evidenciado que a citada agremiação foi um refúgio para membros do Partido Liberal que não conseguiram relevantes posições no partido situacionista do estado.
Crise da religião e crítica à modernidade
Authors: Durão Rodrigues da Cunha Marcelo
Published: May 2020

Este artigo tem o objetivo de produzir uma interpretação do legado intelectual de Jacob Burckhardt à luz de debates historiográficos recentes que tratam da relação entre a história e a crise da teologia protestante de língua alemã ao longo do Oitocentos. Para tanto, buscarei sustentar a hipótese de que a teoria burckhardtiana da história — com sua ênfase estética nos ideais de formação e de contemplação — pode, em grande medida, ser lida como a mais bem acabada de suas respostas à crise surgida a partir desse contato entre a crença religiosa e a ciência histórica no século XIX.
Universidad y derechas en la historia reciente uruguaya
Authors: Dip Nicolás
Published: May 2020

Reseña del libro La educación superior entre el reclamo localista y la ofensiva derechista. El movimiento pro-Universidad del Norte de Salto (1968-1973) de María Eugenia Jung Garibaldi.
Cuerpos de frontera, cuerpos de encrucijada. Entrevista a Iki Yos Piña Narváez
Authors: De  Lima Grecco Gabriela , Martín Gutiérrez Sara
Published: May 2020

Entrevista con Iki Yos Piña Narváez
Link performance evaluation of Uplink Precoded Multiuser MIMO-NOMA system for 5G Communication Networks
Authors: KR Kishore , Kumar Pagadala Dinesh
Published: May 2020

Non orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is a promising candidate for future radio access. Due to the characteristic property of NOMA to multiplex users in time, frequency and power domains, it can achieve capacity gains superior to OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access). However, being a multi-carrier modulation scheme, NOMA suffers from high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) in addition to the interference at the receiver terminal due to its non-orthogonal nature. In this paper we analyses the link level performance of 2x2 MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) NOMA uplink system with Hadamard Transform Precoding (HTP) over Rayleigh fading channel model. The HTP NOMA enhances the PAPR performance by 3dB over the non precoded NOMA
Hay bioética más allá de la autonomía
Authors: Gómez Ibañez Janett Melita
Published: May 2020

En la base del contexto actual de uso de dispositivos móviles por parte de adolescentes, surge la necesidad de establecer los criterios teóricos y prácticos para promover la comunicación familiar partiendo de esta realidad. Desde un estudio cuanti - cualitativo, descriptivo e interpretativo, se ha identificado teorías que apoyan la inserción de estos dispositivos, así como las que califican su uso como objetos de conflicto e intrusión familiar. De este modo, se logró clasificar su utilidad y funcionalidad así como el abuso y dependencia. Se concluyó que, en la etapa temprana adolescente existe una moderada extensión de uso que se incrementa progresivamente con la edad, y la necesidad del diseño de propuestas que orienten a las familias acerca de las ventajas y riesgos que el uso de estos dispositivos generan.
Justillos y jubones roncaleses
Authors: Riezu Boj José Ignacio
Published: May 2020

Roncal women’s clothing, is made. 81 pieces have been studied from the village of Roncal. Their patterns and manufacturing materials are studied. The «franjas», one of the most characteristic components of these clothes, are described and classified according to the method of preparation in embroided, carved and with gallons. We show a series of examples that denote the high level of quality achieved in the development of these pieces, especially in those developed by the «realce» embroidery technique. Finally, we try to refute the established idea that the Roncal «jubón» is an exclusive garment of the married woman.

RESUMEN
En este trabajo se realiza una descripción detallada de los justillos y jubones que forman parte de la indumentaria femenina roncalesa. Para ello se han estudiado 81 piezas entre justillos y jubones de la villa de Roncal. Se estudia su patronaje y materiales de fabricación. Se hace una descripción y clasificación pormenorizada de las franjas, uno de los componentes más característicos de estas prendas. Las franjas son clasificadas según el método de confección en bordadas, labradas y de galones. Se muestra una serie de ejemplos que denotan el alto grado de calidad alcanzado en la elaboración de estas piezas, sobre todo en las desarrolladas mediante la técnica del bordado de realce. Por último, se intenta rebatir la idea establecida de que el jubón roncalés es una prenda exclusiva de la mujer casada.
La imagen del crismón en las estelas discoidales
Authors: Colomo Castro Koldo
Published: May 2020

RESUMEN
La relación del crismón con el arte funerario tiene una dilatada trayectoria en el tiempo. En este artículo se catalogan y estudian nueve estelas discoidales de cronología medieval que presentan la imagen del crismón en su iconografía y se ofrece información sobre sus características materiales, geográficas, cronológicas e ideológicas.

LABURPENA
Aspalditik dator krismoiaren harremana hil artearekin. Artikulu honetan krismoia duten bederatzi hilarri diskodun katalogatu eta aztertu dira, guztiak erdi arokoak, eta haien ezaugarri material, geografiko, kronologiko eta ideologikoen inguruan hainbat datu ematen dira.

ABSTRACT
The relation of the chrismon in the funeral art presents a dilated trajectory in the time. In this article nine discoidal stelae of full chronology and medieval bass are cataloged and studied. They present the image of the chrismon in their iconography and offer information about its material, geographical, chronological and ideological characteristics.
Ondare ez-materiala iparraldeko mugan: nafar Pirinioen kasua
Authors: Larraia Medina Aritz
Published: May 2020

LABURPENA
xx. mendeko azken aldian, euskarak gainbehera sakon batean sartu zen Nafarroako ipar-ekialdean eta inon baino nabariagoa izan zen Erronkariko Ibaxan. 1980-1990 hamarkadetan erronkariko uskararen azken hiztunak hiltzen ziren bitartean, bi komunitate hauen arteko harremana gainbeheran sartu zen. Landa-lan honetan, mugaren bi aldeetako biztanleei egindako elkarrizketei esker, egungo egoera zein den aztertuko da. Komunitate hauek gordetako ondare materiala eta ez-materiala aintzat hartuko dira. Honekin batera, etorkizunerako erronkak aztertu egingo ditugu herri hauek betidanik izan duten lotura galdu ez dadin eta mugaz gaindiko harremanak sustatzeko proiektu desberdinak planteatuz.

RESUMEN
A finales del siglo xx el uskara experimentó un serio declive que concluyó con la desaparición de sus últimos hablantes en las décadas ochenta y noventa del siglo pasado. Mientras estas personas conocedoras de la lengua vernácula del lugar morían, las relaciones con el otro lado de la muga comenzaron a debilitarse. En este trabajo de campo, mediante una metodología cualitativa basada en las entrevistas realizadas a personas
de ambos lados de la muga, se analiza cuál es el estado actual de dichas relaciones. El patrimonio inmaterial y material guardado por estas personas será tenido en cuenta. Asimismo, se analizarán los retos y oportunidades de estas comunidades para el futuro de sus relaciones.

ABSTRACT
At the end of the 20th century, «uskara» experienced a serious decline which ended with the disappearance of the last Basque speakers in the 1980-90’s. While these people, the last true speakers of the vernacular language, died, relations with the other side of the border began to weaken. In this paper through a qualitative methodology based on interviews done with people from both sides of the border, we analyze what the current state of the mentioned relations is like. In addition, opportunities and challenges faced by these communities will be analyzed to assess their posible future relations. The material and intangible cultural heritage maintained by these persons will be taken into account.
Analisis Proses Bisnis pada Dinas Perdagangan Kota XYZ dengan Menggunakan Business Process Management Lifecycle
Authors: Saputra Hendy Maulana Jaya , Marviainyda Deya Elisda , Larasatu Riska Ayu , Addaffa Muhammad Zabarij Almasz , Atrinawati Lovinta Happy
Published: May 2020

The XYZ City Trade Office is a government organization that is engaged in regulating the stability of staple food through trade activities in XYZ City. This study aims to identify the existing business processes at the XYZ City Trade Office, in addition to being identified, this study will also conduct an analysis and improvement and redesign of the business processes currently being implemented by the XYZ City Trade Office. The steps taken to identify business processes are by conducting interviews related to the duties and functions of each entity and the Office to stakeholders in the XYZ City Trade Office. The methodology used to identify, describe, analyze and redesign business processes is the Business Process Life Cycle (BPM Lifecycle). The identification results are 36 business processes, and 3 of them are export business processes, import business processes, and processes Business Can Send and Evaluate. In all three business processes further evaluation and analysis are carried out. The analysis and evaluation is to first describe the business process in the form of business process modeling notation (BPMN) using bizagi modeller, then measure the quality of business processes, and analyze weaknesses, and compare with the duties and functions of the Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia, so that improvements to the process for the third the business process. Improvements for the Export and Import business processes are by adding oversight processes at the shipping stage, and business process improvements Conducting Shipment and Evaluation is by removing the activities of Giving Delivery News.

 

Keywords: Business Process, BPMN, BPM Lifecycle, Bizagi Modeller
Modigliani Meets Minsky: Inequality, Debt, and Financial Fragility in America, 1950-2016
Authors: Bartscher Alina K. , Kuhn Moritz , Schularick Moritz , Steins Ulrike I.
Published: May 2020

This paper studies the secular increase in U.S. household debt and its relation to growing income inequality and financial fragility. We exploit a new household-level dataset that covers the joint distributions of debt, income, and wealth in the United States over the past seven decades. The data show that increased borrowing by middle-class families with low income growth played a central role in rising indebtedness. Debt-to-income ratios have risen most dramatically for households between the 50th and 90th percentiles of the income distribution. While their income growth was low, middle-class families borrowed against the sizable housing wealth gains from rising home prices. Home equity borrowing accounts for about half of the increase in U.S. household debt between the 1970s and 2007. The resulting debt increase made balance sheets more sensitive to income and house price fluctuations and turned the American middle class into the epicenter of growing financial fragility.
A TRANSDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE OF THE CURRENT CRISIS SITUATION IN THE WORLD
Authors: Nuno Martins Paulo
Published: May 2020

This short communication aims to be a contribution on the transdisciplinary perspective of the relationship between spirituality and the current global crisis situation due to Covid-19.
KEYWORDS: Current global crisis situation, Covid-19 combat modes, Indian spirituality, A transdisciplinary perspective of the current crisis situation.
Pengaruh e-Wom pada Bisnis Online ( Studi pada Mahasiswa UBP Karawang)
Authors: Citra Savitri  , Laras Ratu Khalida
Published: May 2020

Perubahan teknologi yang terus meningkat memberikan pengaruh terhadap perilaku konsumen. Peran serta media sosial dan pengaruh keluarga memberikan kekuatan dalam menimbulkan niat untuk melakukan pembelian. Tujuan penelitian ini secara empiris untuk melihat pengaruh media sosial dan Family Influence terhadap eWOM pada mahasiswa UBP Karawang yang sering melakukan pembelian secara online pada Market Place Shopee. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif verifikatif dengan analisis data menggunakan Path Analysis dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui angket dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa media sosial, Family Influence, eWOM memiliki kriteria baik dan memiliki hubungan cukup kuat antara media sosial dengan Family Influence. Sedangkan secara  simultan media sosial dan Family Influence memiliki kontribusi pengaruh yang lemah. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan sumbangan bagi penelitian selanjutnya untuk meningkatkan pembelian secara online melalui media sosial dan family influence.

Kata Kunci : Media Sosial, Family Influence, e-Wom.
PENGARUH CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT TERHADAP LOYALITAS NASABAH BANK “X” DI BANDUNG
Authors: Jaelani Evan
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengenai pengaruh Customer Relationship Management (CRM) yang terdiri dari sumberdaya manusia, proses dan teknologi terhadap loyalitas nasabah Bank “X” di Bandung. Teknik penarikan sampel yang digunakan adalah dengan metode accidental sampling. Data diperoleh dari 61 nasabah. Pengolahan data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa CRM yang terdiri dari sumberdaya manusia, proses, dan teknologi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas nasabah. Sedangkan secara parsial hanya teknologi yang memiliki pengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap loyalitas nasabah, sedangkan sumberdaya manusia dan proses memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas nasabah. Serta besarnya nilai koefisien determinasi adalah 92,6%, sisanya 7,4% dijelaskan oleh variabel-variabel lain yang tidak diteliti yang mungkin mempengaruhi loyalitas nasabah.

Kata Kunci : CRM, sumberdaya manusia, proses, teknologi, dan loyalitas.
“Der Fluß des Geschehens”: Time and Experience in Hermann Hesse’s Demian and Siddhartha
Authors: Hughes Jon
Published: May 2020

The idea of “experience”, and the implications thereof for our development as human beings, was of central importance to the literary imagination of Hermann Hesse. This essay will explore the reasons for this, and provide a reading of two of Hesse’s most remarkable
texts, Demian. Die Geschichte von Emil Sinclairs Jugend (1919) and Siddhartha. Eine indische Dichtung (1923), in the context both of contemporary discourses and intellectual trends and of the philosophical framework that underpins the texts. It will argue that a paradoxical but
fruitful understanding of experience lies at the heart of the works, and of Siddhartha in particular. They present a case for the essential value of experience, which provides the structure to a chronological narrative and is the means through which we perceive the world, and at the
same time make a philosophical case for its ultimate irrelevance.
Heile Bergwelt? Der Raum Alpen als locus anti-utopia in Arthur Schnitzlers Das weite Land und Thomas Manns Der Zauberberg
Authors: Geist Kathrin
Published: May 2020

,,Die Berge werden zum Prüfstein unserer Kultur, ihres Zustandes und ihrer Ziele.“
Cold War Compassion: The Politics of Pity in Tom Stoppard’s Neutral Ground and Heiner Müller’s Philoktet
Authors: Wiggins Ellwood
Published: May 2020

At the same time on opposite sides of the Iron Curtain, two avant-garde playwrights decided to remake a 2400-year-old tragedy. Heiner Müller (1929-1996) and Tom Stoppard (1937-) are widely regarded as two of the most innovative dramatists of East Germany and Great Britain and respectively.
In 1965, Stoppard submitted a script for a spy thriller to Granada TV and Müller published his first play since being banned from the East German Writers’ Association in 1961. Though unbeknownst to each other and writing for drastically different purposes, media, and audiences,
they both lit upon Sophocles’ Philoctetes as the appropriate vehicle for their work. Sympathy has been recognized as central to tragedy since Aristotle’s Poetics, and Philoctetes is the ultimate drama of compassion. The story of the wounded Philoctetes is an
Ur-scene for pity in the same way that Ajax’s slaughter of the sheep in his madness is a primal scene for indignation, or Orpheus’ descent to the underworld, for grief. In finding their way to Philoctetes, Stoppard and Müller grapple with a fundamental problem of theatrical
art.
Correlation of Random Urine Protein Creatinine (P-C) Ratio with 24-Hour Protein Urine in Lupus Nephritis Patients
Authors: Aini Y H , Tjandrawati A , Suraya N , Hamijoyo Laniyati
Published: May 2020

Background : Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease involving multiple organs including kidney and known as lupus nephritis (LN). Lupus nephritis has a poor prognosis after a 10-years onset, more than 25% will be ended by end stage renal disease. There are glomerular and tubulointerstitial tissue damages due to immune complex deposits in LN which is activating inflamation cascade and causing disfunction of glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption resulting proteinuria. In LN, proteinuria is used to diagnose, to assess the disease activity and to monitor the therapy. The gold standard of proteinuria is 24-hour urine protein examination, but the process ofcollecting in 24 hour urine is difficult, then the result is less accurate and reliable. Another alternative parameter is spot urine protein/creatinine ratio. Several studies have found a positive correlation between spot urine protein/creatinine ratio and 24-hour urine protein levels, but in LN, the results are various.Objective: The aim of this study was analyzing the correlation between spot urine protein/creatinine ratio and 24-hour urine protein in lupus nephritis.Methods: The study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia in October 2014 to December 2014. The subjects were 45 patients with lupus nephritis based on the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. The study analyzedcorrelation through cross-sectional model. Results: The results of Spearman correlation test analysis showed a significantly strong positive correlation between spot urine protein/creatinine ratio and 24-hour urine protein levels in lupus nephritis (rs =0.96; p <0.001). Based on the degree of proteinuria there was a strong positive correlation between spot urine protein/creatinine ratio and 24-hour urine protein levels in lupus nephritis significantly on the degree of protein <1 g/24-h (rs = 0.91; p <0.001) and at 1–3.5 g/24-h (rs = 0.73; p<0.05).Conclusion : There is a significant strong positive correlation between spot urine protein/creatinine ratio and the 24-hour urine protein levels in lupus nephritis, so it is recommended to use spot urine protein/creatinine ratio, as an alternative quantitative examination in lupus nephritis.Keywords: lupus nephritis, 24-hour urine protein, spot urine protein/creatinine ratio
Validity and reliability fatigue severity scale in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in Indonesia
Authors: Rifa’i A , Kalim Handono , Handono Kusworini , Wahono Cesarius Singgih
Published: May 2020

Background: Fatigue is one symptom of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), which has an important effect on the quality of life. Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS)is one parameter fatigue symptom in SLE. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliabilitybetween FSS with duration of ilness and disease activity of SLE patients in Indonesia.Methods: FSS performed on 40 patients with SLE. FSS original English version has been converted-translated into Indonesian version by a team of RheumatologyImmunology Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University. Reliability determined by Cronbach’s Alpha values (>0.6). Validity was determined by the value of Corrected Item-Total Correlation which each item was a valid question if below value of Cronbach’s Alpha.Results: The reliability value was determined by Cronbach’s Alpha values (>0.6) in which the SLE patients in this study had a Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.946. Value of Corrected Item-Total Correlation overall under Cronbach’s Alpha value (range = 0.684-0.859) which indicates that each item was a valid question. There were correlation between the FSS Indonesian version with disease duration (p = 0.000) as well as the value of r = 0.581, with SLEDAI (p = 0.000) with a value of r = 0.833. Conclusion: FSS in Indonesian version has a good reliability and validity and can be used by clinicians andother researchers to assess the condition of fatigue in SLE patients in Indonesia.Keywords: validity, reliability, fatigue, fatigue severity scale, systemic lupus erythematosus
Correlation between osteoarthritis grading in femoropatella joint and patella malalignment with pain and disability using WOMAC score
Authors: Kiswati S , Suntoko Bantar , Sukmaningtyas H
Published: May 2020

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) in femoropatella often causes pain and disabilities in the lower extremities. In 2011 found a significance association between knee pain with osteophytes in femoropatella joints compared with osteophytes in femorotibia joints. Niu J et al. found knee joint with lateral patellar malalignment and lateral patellar tilt had increased prevalence of femoropatella OA, similar study in Caucasian and African Americans patients found an association between patellar malalignment with severe knee pain and diseaseprogressivity. In this study, researchers correlate grading OA genu with pain and disability using WOMAC scores and malalignment correlate with pain and disability with WOMAC scores without assessing the progression of the disease. In this study, using cross-sectional at one time whereas previous studies using multi-center cohort were evaluated 3 to 5 years later to assess the progression of the disease. Objective of this study is to establish a correlation between OA grading in femoropatella joint and patellar malalignmentwith pain and disability using WOMAC Score.Method: Observational analytic study with crosssectional and consecutive sampling was performed in this study. In the WOMAC correlation with KellgrenLawrence grading on the WOMAC OA genu and grading narrowing between joints using the Rank Spearmanwhile the different test WOMAC with malalignment using T test Results: WOMAC OA genu of the grading (AP/LAT/Skyline) r = 0.488; p = 0.003, WOMAC OA genu of the grading (AP/LAT) r = 0.452 ; p = 0.006, WOMAC OA genu of the grading (AP/Skyline) r = 0.362 ; p = 0.033, WOMAC towards narrowing between joints gradingfemoropatella r = 0.370 ; p = 0.026, no differences between patellar malalignment with WOMAC score, with malalignment (p = 0.711) without malalignment(p = 0.751).Conclusion: In AP/LAT/Skyline, AP/LAT, AP/Skyline position and grading narrowing femoropatella joint space was found a significant positive correlation between OA knee’s grading and WOMAC score. No differences in T test between patella malalignment with pain and disability using WOMAC score.Keywords: femoropatella osteoarthritis, patellar malalignment, WOMAC score.
Do we need to perform bilateral hip bone mineral density examination?
Authors: Widjanarko Annisa Layalia
Published: May 2020

Background: Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement is one of the method for making osteoporosis diagnosis. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the measurement of BMD conducted at antero-posterior lumbar vertebrae, unilateral hip (femur), and radius. However, there was a concern about osteoporosis under diagnosis if the measurement is only conducted at unilateral hip. Some studies found significant differences of BMD between both femur and evidence of the importance to examine both femur in making the diagnosis of osteoporosis. This study aims to determine anydifference between right and left femur BMD measurement and to investigate the bone status result with measurement of BMD of bilateral femur in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from June to November 2015. Patients who received dual-femur BMD testing using General Electrics (GE) Lunar Prodigy dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the DXA Facility in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital,Bandung between January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2014 were included. Statistical analysis performed to assess the difference and the correlation between theBMD of two femurs (g/cm2). T-scores of the subject were implemented into bone status according to WHO Diagnostic Criteria for Osteoporosis.Results: From sixty-one patients included in this study, there were difference bone status resulted from BMD of the femoral neck, Ward’s triangle, trochanter, andtotal hip area between right and left femur, although no statistically significance were found. There was a positive correlation between BMD of right and left femurat all areas of femur. There were 16 subjects (26.1%) showed combination level of bone status (normal, osteopenia, or osteoporosis in one femur).Conclusion: BMD results in each area of the right and left femurs are different.Therefore, performing bilateral hip BMD examination as a routine measurement for makingdiagnosis of osteoporosis is important.Keywords: Bone Mineral Density, Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry, Femur, Osteoporosis
Grande propriedade e desenvolvimento agrário
Authors: Miller Simon , Caniello Márcio
Published: May 2020

Sem resumo
Reflexões em torno do mamonismo
Authors: Macdonald José Brendan
Published: May 2020

Sem resumo.
Lukács e Heller
Authors: Lessa Sérgio
Published: May 2020

Sem resumo.
PERANCANGAN PROGRAM APLIKASI PEMESANAN TIKET SEPAK BOLA BERBASIS DESKTOP MENGGUNAKAN VISUAL STUDIO 2010
Authors: Ramady Givy
Published: May 2020

Dalam era globalisasi ini informasi sangatlah penting dan juga sangatlah dibutuhkan oleh setiap orang. Karena teknologi informasi telah menjadi sumber kunci utama dan juga sangatlah berperan penting bagi kemajuan bangsa.  Salah satunya dalam masalah administrasi dalam penjualan tiket di sebuah tempat usaha. Kondisi saat ini pengolahan tiket di stadion sepak bola ini masih bersifat manual. Maka dari itu kita bisa memanfaatkan sentuhan teknologi dalam bentuk administrasi pada loket pemesanan tiket masuk ke stadion sepak bola serta bisa menyimpan data para pengunjung yang datang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan model waterfall karena merupakan metode pengembangan yang terstruktur dan dalam laporan akhir ini dapat dilakukan secara sistematis dan terarah. Program aplikasi tiket sepak bola berbasis desktop dibuat dengan menggunakan microsoft visual studio 2010 dengan VB NET sebagai bahasa pemrograman aplikasi serta MySQL sebagai database digunakan untuk menyimpan dan mengolah data. Dari hasil pengujian, aplikasi yang dibuat dapat bekerja  secara optimal tanpa mengalami kendala.
Caracterización de pacientes diabéticos en hemodiálisis en la región de Atacama. Chile
Authors: González-Vargas Alejandra , Cabezas-Zalazar Belén , Canto-Núñez Abigail
Published: May 2020

Introducción: La diabetes es una de las principales causas de enfermedad renal crónica en Chile y el mundo, por lo que es fundamental la prevención del avance de la nefropatía diabética para evitar la evolución de la enfermedad renal crónica. Objetivo: Determinar las características de pacientes diabéticos que iniciaron tratamiento renal sustitutivo con hemodiálisis debido a una nefropatía diabética. Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, con pacientes diabéticos y en hemodiálisis, mediante aplicación del test de Morisky Green y un instrumento de valoración sociodemográfico. Los sujetos fueron seleccionados mediante muestreo intencionado, tras su consentimiento informado. Resultados: Los sujetos estudiados en su mayoría fueron mujeres, con diabetes tipo 2 en edad adulta, de un estrato económico bajo, escolaridad básica y media, y pertenecientes al Sistema de Salud Público. Gran parte indicó que tenía 5 o más años con diabetes al momento de ingresar a diálisis. 71,4% de ellos no tuvo derivación a Nefrólogo y 57,1% refirió no haber sido adherente a su tratamiento, previo ingreso a diálisis. Conclusiones: El perfil del paciente diabético que inicia HD de nuestro estudio, son en su mayoría mujeres de edad media, con diagnóstico previo de DM2 sobre la DM1, y con más de 20 años con el diagnóstico de DM. En cuanto al perfil socioeconómico predominan los pacientes con bajos ingresos económicos y ninguna formación o estudios básicos. Por último destacar que presentaron mejor adherencia al tratamiento los hombres respecto a las mujeres.
The Essential Role of Language in Survey Research
Authors: Gabel Tim
Published: May 2020

Language users, such as survey respondents and interviewers, must speak the same language literally and figuratively to interact with each other. As diversity grows in the United States and globally, interviewers and respondents may speak a different language or speak the same language differently that reflects their own cultural norms of communication. This book discusses the role of language in survey research when comparisons across groups, cultures, and countries are of interest. Language use in surveys is dynamic, including words, symbols (e.g., arrows), and even emojis. The entire survey life cycle is carried out through language. Researchers write or translate questions and instructions that will address research questions and then pretest them using various techniques, including qualitative inquiry that focuses on context beyond just “the numbers.” Human or virtual data collectors use persuasive messages to communicate with survey respondents and encourage their survey participation. Respondents must comprehend and interpret survey questions and instructions to provide a response. All of these survey processes and products contribute to data quality, and the role of language is essential.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ РЕКРЕАЦИОННО-ОЗДОРОВИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРАКТИК В ПРОЦЕССЕ КУЛЬТУРНО-ДОСУГОВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Kamalova Gulnur
Published: May 2020

В рамках реализации музыкально-образовательных программ (лекториев) в музеях и галереях г. Казани с целью развития музыкально-эстетической культуры личности на основе общепринятого мнения о целительном свойстве искусства автором статьи были разработаны и внедрены рекреационно-оздоровительные практики, способствующие удовлетворению интересов и потребностей посетителей. Анализ методической литературы в области культурно-досуговой деятельности, музыкального искусства выявил наиболее успешные формы, методы, приемы, способствующие достижению цели работы. Обзор российского и зарубежного опыта по исследуемой теме способствовал определению музея как культурно-досугового учреждения, обладающего наибольшими возможностями в реализации рекреационно-оздоровительных практик с разными возрастными группами. Материалы исследования могут быть широко использованы педагогическими работниками, методистами, студентами учреждений, реализующих образовательные программы в социально-культурной и культурно-досуговой сфере, по музыкальному искусству, медицине.

While implementing musical-educational programs (lecture courses) in museums and galleries of Kazan, the author elaborated and introduced recreational and health-improving practices promoting satisfaction of the interests and needs of the public. The programs were implemented with a view of developing musical-esthetic culture of a personality and based on the conception of the healing properties of art. The analysis of methodological literature in the sphere of cultural-leisure activity and musical art revealed the most efficient forms, methods and techniques, enabling to achieve the work objective. The review of foreign practices in the researched sphere contributed to defining a museum as a cultural-leisure establishment characterised by opportunities for implementation of recreational and health-improving practices at various age groups. The research materials can be of interest for educators, methodologists, and students of educational establishments providing programs in social and cultural, cultural and leisure, musical art, and medicine spferes.
Vascular Reactivity during Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Patients at Punjab Institute of Cardiology and Shalamar Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Rafique Muhammad Usman , Rubnawaz Qandeel , Khan Ammar Hameed , Akhtar Muhammad Shoaib
Published: May 2020

Background: The operative treatment of cardiac diseases remains associated with systemic inflammation and a suboptimal outcome in many patients. These inflammatory changes are manifested by systemic hypotension, myocardial failure, increased vascular permeability and consequent dysfunction of organs such as the lungs, gut and brain. In general terms, sympathetic innervations of the small arteries and arterioles allows vasoconstriction, thereby increasing resistance to blood flow, whereas innervations of the large arteries and veins decreases the volume in these vessels, resulting in the redistribution of blood volume. This study was conducted to determine the effect of vasodilator drugs on duration of vasodilatation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods: We evaluated prospectively the effect of vasodilator medications before CABG surgery on hemodynamic variables and use of vasoactive drugs. We studied 30 patients with good left ventricular function allocated randomly to continue vasodilator drugs before cardiac surgery. Arterial pressure, Cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance and use of vasoactive drugs were recorded during anaesthesia, perioperative and in the early postoperative period.Results: Patients who using vasodilator drugs before cardiac surgery had not significant relationship between vasodilator drugs and vessels reactivity (vasoconstriction & vasodilatation). However, these patients required more vasodilator drugs to control hypertension after CPB and in the early postoperative period.Conclusion: There was no difference in hypotension at the onset of CPB or in the use of vasodilator drugs before cardiac surgery. We conclude that vasodilator drugs before cardiac surgery did not have sufficient effect to be recommended routinely.
Prevalence of Common Infectious Diseases in Paediatric Age Group Admitted in Children’s Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Rashid Muhammad , Bano Iqbal , Hanif Asif
Published: May 2020

Background: Infectious diseases are common causes of presenting in emergency having severe signs and symptoms. Having significant mortality and morbidity are on the rise in Pakistan. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of infectious diseases in paediatric population.Methodology: We studied 200 consecutive patients from 1 month to 12 years of age presenting with infectious diseases. Their detailed history was then taken including symptoms at presentation and the type of infection was assessed with the help of history and laboratory investigations. Following are the common infectious diseases including pneumonia, meningitis, enteric fever, malaria, measles, tuberculosis, acute watery diarrhoea.Results: Frequency wise infectious diseases are pneumonia (63.5%), meningitis (20%), acute watery diarrhoea (8.5%), enteric fever (4%), malaria (2%), tuberculosis (2%), and no measles case found. Infectious diseases are more common in rural areas than urban areas and success after treatment is more (49.5) than death (2%) but a bad impact is that (48.5%) patient went without treatment.Conclusion: This data is taken in winter season that is why Pneumonia is most common infectious disease, second most common infectious disease is meningitis, and others are acute watery diarrhoea, enteric fever, malaria and tuberculosis in our patients. The awareness of risk factors amongst the public is low. Thus, there is an urgent need to create more and more awareness about the preventive aspects and healthier life style behaviour in our community.
Life Quality of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea patients after Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Therapy
Authors: Rao Hamna
Published: May 2020

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea is an emerging sleeping disorder affecting much population around the world due to obesity and other medical conditions. My literature review will explain the current status of OSA worldwide and what betterments are being made in this area of advancement to provide better health and life quality.
Association of Hyperuricemia with Coronary Artery Disease in Gulab Devi Chest Hospital
Authors: Rasheed Aqsa , Kaleem Majid
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground: Coronary artery disease is the most common and life threatening cardiac emergency presenting to a hospital. Having significant mortality and morbidity are on the rise in Pakistan. The objective of the study is to examine the association of elevated level of serum uric acid with ischemic heart disease among adult population, to guide planning for primary and secondary prevention of this disease in community.Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study studied 110 consecutive patients from 20-80 years of age presenting with IHD (Myocardial infarction, unstable angina). All the subjects who were approached to participate in the study, gave their consent. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire followed by laboratory tests.Results: Association of serum uric acid were lined up as gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, menopause, dyslipidemia, family history and obesity. In this study, out of 110 patients 35 (32%) were females and 74 (68%) were males. Minimum Age of patients in this study was 30 years and maximum age was 70 years This study revealed that chest pain was the most occurring symptom which was observed in 39 patients which are 35.45% of the total patients and the second most occurring symptom was Dyspnea which was observed in 32 patients which 29.09% of the total patients. The study reveals that the major risk factor observed in CAD patients is ‘HTN’ which was found in 81 patients which are 73.64% of the total patients. However, ‘Smoking’ and ‘DM’ are proximate in occurrence and were found in 59 (53.64%) and 56 (50.91%) patients respectively. The study revealed that hyperuricemia was more in males that was 34(22.67) than in females.Conclusion: This study concluded that there was no significant association between hyperuricemia with ischemic heart disease.
The Comparison between the Outcomes of Streptokinase and Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tariq Zarnab , Kaleem Majid
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground: To compare between the outcomes of streptokinase and primary PCI in acute myocardial infarction. The inappropriate treatment, misdiagnosis, contraindications of procedures can result in complications of procedures and increased mortality of patients. The present study aimed to compare between the outcomes of streptokinase and primary percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction patients to minimize the death rates in MI patients.Methodology: The descriptive study was conducted at Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. All the samples were collected from cardiac department. A Performa was designed for recording the risk factors, ST elevation, clinical findings and lab results of the patients.Results: In this cross-sectional study of 100 patients, the mean age was 51.02+ 10.956. Male gender was predominant. There were more chances (67.00%) of acute LVF in streptokinase and less chances (21.00%) in primary PCI. According to this study, there was more chances (67.00%) of cardiogenic shock in streptokinase and less chances (21.00%) in primary PCI. In this study, there were equal chances of stroke in streptokinase and primary PCI. In this study there were more chances (28.00%) of bleeding from any site in streptokinase and less chances (0%) in primary PCI. According to results there were chances (24.00%) of renal failure in streptokinase and less chances (0%) in primary PCI. There were more chances (9.43%) of rescue PCI in streptokinase and less chances in primary PCI. In this study, there were more chances of arrhythmias (26.41%) in streptokinase patients and less chances in primary PCI. In this study, there were also more chances of death (1.92%) in streptokinase and less chance in primary PCI. So according to my study primary PCI was better than streptokinase with less complications.Conclusion: Primary PCI was better than streptokinase to cure the myocardial infarction and better to minimize the complications after procedure.