bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Olive trees in the world. Past and present with future perspectives
Authors: Chacon-Ortiz Andrés , Maia Luciano Carlos da , Oliveira Antônio Costa de , Perruolo Gustavo , Pegoraro Camila
Published: September 2024

The cultivation of the olive tree is of great economic importance worldwide. For the 2022-2023 harvest, were produced around 3,010,000 Mg of olive oil and 2,955,500 Mg of table olives of selected varieties, managing to establish itself in approximately 56 countries with different environments. In most of the cultivated areas only monovarietals were used, but mixtures of varieties have been recommended, which act as pollinators, avoiding reproduction problems. Furthermore, global warming also affects production efficiency and the quality of derived products. The olive grove underwent important changes due to genetic improvement. However, despite modern molecular tools, most of the work continues to be based on agronomic classical methods such as crossing and selection in progeny, delaying the development of new varieties. Models with high resolution climate projections are being used, allowing predicting the future evolution of the olive tree. Unfortunately, Brazil produces only 0.2% of its internal consumption and therefore has become the world's second largest importer after the United States to cover the growing demand. Based on this information, this review aims to discuss the adjustments in olive growing, which has been gaining more and more areas dedicated to its cultivation in Brazil.
The veterinary medicinal products market supply gap: A practical insight based on the Regulation (EU) 2019/6
Authors: Nogueira Rafaela , Baptista Catarina Jota , Gonçalves Lio , Coelho Ana Claúdia , Faustino-Rocha Ana I. , Regueiro Purriños Marta , Gonzalo-Orden José M. , Oliveira Paula A.
Published: September 2024

The Regulation (EU) 2019/6 establishes that the veterinary prescriptions should follow a cascade, according to their availability of the market. In sum, the veterinarian is authorized to use a medicine for human use only if there is no product available for the same or other therapeutic indication, in the same or another animal species. This study aims to analyse the application of Regulation (EU) 2019/6 in the pharmacological prescription at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of León. A total of 121 clinical cases, 89 dogs (73.55%) and 32 cats (26.45%) were included. Results revealed that 95 medicines were prescribed, 51 (53.68 %) as veterinary medicines and 44 (46.32 %) as human medicines. From the human medicines, 22 (50.00%) did not have a veterinary alternative in the market; four (9.00%) presented a veterinary medicine in the appropriate formulation for the species; 10 (23.00%) had no alternative in the desired formulation; and 8 (18.00%) had no alternatives for the target species. This study suggested that the cascade was not strictly followed, and several reasons may justify it, such as the lack of veterinary products, different formulations, and differences in costs. An effective, safe and sustainable use of the therapeutic option available can only be accomplished with a rational use of the prescription cascade and a correct use of the Regulation (EU) 2019/6.
Protocolo de recolecta y tinción para el estudio taxonómico de los policládidos (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida)
Authors: Ramos Sánchez Mariela
Published: September 2024

The taxonomic study of polyclads (order Polycladida) dates back to the 19th century. The traditional taxonomy of these organisms requires a combination of the external and internal morphology of the body and the hermaphroditic reproductive system, where the histological techni que is an indispensable tool that plays a key role in this process. This protocol covers the collection processes up to the preparation of the specimens for histological analysis,adapting and improving techniques previously established by other authors for clear and precise visualization of the anatomical structures. Specimens are collected manually using fine paintbrush, photographed dorsally and ventrally, fixed in 10% frozen formalin neutralized with sodium borate and preserved in 70° ethanol. For taxonomic classification, complete mounts of the organisms and sagittal sections of the hermaphroditic reproductive system are used; a five-step histological protocol including hydration, staining, dehydration/differentiation, cleaning/transparency, and slide mounting is performed for each. This standardized technique complements morphological and taxonomic studies of the taxon.
Anidación de aves y mamíferos arborícolas en el campus de la Universidad del Mar, Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca
Authors: Morales Franco Juan Carlos , García Grajales Jesús
Published: September 2024

Some faunistic species require certain characteristics of vegetation for the preparation of their nests and depending on their availabi- lity, nesting will occur more or less frequently. Some sites such as the Puerto Escondido campus of the Universidad del Mar (UMAR) represent an urban space of special interest because it maintains a green island character as surrounded by urban expansion offering potential for nesting fauna species. The aim was to learn about the nesting of birds and arboreal mammals present at the UMAR Puerto Escondido campus. From March to June 2024, we conducted systematic weekly walks in search of evidence of nests or the beginning of its construction. For each nest we recorded its location by using a GPS and the height in which they were observed, as well as the tree where they were built. A total of 104 nests were registered, 55 nests (52.8%) belonged to Sciurus aureogaster and the nests of Columbina inca and Pitangus sulphuratus were registered at a lower frequency. 60.3% (n=58) of the nests were recorded in heights below 10 m, 28% (n=27) were recorded in heights between 11 and 15 m, and the rest (11.7%, n=19) were found in heights higher than 16 m. Acacia cornigera was the tree species that presented the largest number of nests (n=21) recorded. The information resented in this work brings to the knowledge of the use of resources by faunastic species of interest, mainly because of the contribution to nesting behavior in anthropized environments.
Cuidados de enfermería en el adulto mayor con hiperplasia prostática benigna y alcoholismo en la costa Oaxaqueña
Authors: Gabriel Martínez Alondra , García Ordaz Rosalía , López López Marco Antonio , Juárez Ruíz Alondra , Martínez Reyes Janet
Published: September 2024

A clinical case diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), reflects the increasing prevalence of this condition in relation to age. Urinary flow obstruction due to prostatic enlargement results in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), significantly impacting the quality of life of men over 45 years of age. The patient, due to his age is in a risk group, so a nursing care plan (PLACE) was designed to promote his autonomy and well-being, based on Virginia Henderson's 14 needs and using taxonomies of diagnoses, outcomes and nursing interventions to address the patient's needs. As a result of these interventions, an improvement in the user's health status was observed, demonstrating the effectiveness of the patient-centered nursing care process (NCP) and their ability to manage their condition autonomously resident of the Oaxaqueña Coast.
Für trans*Menschen geht es um alles
Authors: Mangold Anna Katharina , Markwald Nick
Published: September 2024

Rechte Kräfte in den USA, Polen und Ungarn führen in Echtzeit vor, was trans*Menschen auch in Deutschland drohen könnte, wenn die AfD an die Regierung käme. In Ungarn ist es inzwischen unmöglich, den rechtlichen Geschlechtseintrag oder vergeschlechtlichte Vornamen im Laufe des Lebens zu ändern, also irgendeine Veränderung der staatlich erfassten Informationen über das eigene Geschlecht zu bewirken. Im US-Bundesstaat Idaho wurde dieses Jahr ein Gesetz verabschiedet, das rechtlich definiert, dass es bei Menschen ausschließlich die beiden Geschlechter Männer und Frauen gäbe und dieses Geschlecht bereits vor oder bei der Geburt erkennbar sei. Diesem Drehbuch will auch die AfD folgen, wenn sie an die Macht käme.
A Develop Strategies Management of Private Tennis in Xi’an City, China
Authors: Yun Sangni , Maharkan Pattarapol , Watchayakarn Kiattiwat
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: Developing strategies for managing private tennis programs is critical for maximizing player potential and maintaining a sustainable competitive advantage. It entails tailoring training, facilities, and resources to individual and organizational objectives, resulting in long-term success in the sport. Thus, this paper aims: (1) What are the problems of development strategies management of private tennis clubs? And (2) to develop management strategies for private tennis clubs.
Methodology: This research is a survey and interview research. The population used in this research was 21 professionals who are former or current presidents of the Chinese Tennis Association national team coaches and tennis players. Samples mean the l9 experts selected for Purposive selection by determining the characteristics of the sample sampling were as follows: 7 tennis professors and 12 tennis club officers (8 female and 11 male) using Delphi techniques—data analysis using statistics indicator median and interquartile range, and POLC.
Results: The tennis club management development platform model effectively develops private tennis clubs in Xi’an City with an average mean of 4.64 on a 5-point Likert scale for agreement. The platform includes: (1) Planning to build a model for private tennis club development strategies management can plan the creation of many forms in the presentation. There are elements of building a platform in the planning that can be used differently. Therefore, it depends on creating a model for managing private tennis club development strategies. (2) Management builds a model for private tennis club development strategies management can be as ranged in many ways and can be organized in many forms, the organization must be ready in all aspects, such as people, places, model tools, and model platform. In modern times, owners are interested in an organization that forms a platform for developing an organization model style. (3) Implementing the practice of creating a model for private tennis club development strategies management can be achieved according to the principles of development strategies management according to the steps of private tennis club development strategies management according to the established guidelines. (4) Controlling the creation of a model for private tennis club development strategies management can control the use of planning at every stage whether it’s an evaluation form measure and control the way to use the model in the right way.
Conclusion: The study found that the tennis club management development platform is extremely effective in improving private tennis clubs in Xi'an City, with strong agreement among participants. The platform's success can be attributed to its comprehensive approach, which includes planning, management, implementation, and control. These elements all contribute to the effective development of private tennis club strategies.
Detection of Network Security Traffic Anomalies Based on Machine Learning KNN Method
Authors: Zhao Fanyi , Zhang Mingxuan , Zhou Shiji , Lou Qi
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses the application and advantages of machine learning in anomaly detection of network security traffic. By summarizing the existing methods and techniques of network anomaly detection, this paper focuses on the progress of clustering, classification, statistics, and information theory in research. In particular, innovations in data preprocessing, feature selection, and algorithm design, such as experimental validation based on an improved KNN algorithm, demonstrate the potential of machine learning in improving detection accuracy and efficiency. In the future, as the amount of data increases and algorithms are further optimized, these technologies are expected to drive further development in cybersecurity and address the challenges of increasingly complex cyber threats.
Uncertainty Tolerance in Physiotherapists
Authors: Infante Guedes Aday , Etopa Bitata María del Pilar , Quintana Montesdeoca María del Pino
Published: September 2024

Although uncertainty is common in the field of physiotherapy, little research has been conducted on the topic of uncertainty tolerance (UT). This study builds on previous research that explored UT in novice physiotherapists and identified their educational needs in relation to UT using the self-developed "Tolerance to Uncertainty in Physiotherapy" (TUP) questionnaire. The present work aims to explore UT in experienced physiotherapists, identify their educational needs regarding uncertainty management, and compare them with novice physiotherapists. A cross-sectional quantitative observational study was conducted involving 40 physiotherapists with an average work experience of 11.9 (7.52) years participated. The results show that the evaluated physiotherapists had a medium-high UT with 51 points (5.99) on the TUP scale. Years of experience could not be confirmed as a good predictor of UT, although a trend towards improved UT was observed (r= -0.075, p-value = 0.645). Experienced physiotherapists were less nervous or anxious about unknown diagnoses and had less difficulty switching off mentally. However, they were in agreement with novice physiotherapists in terms of requesting more diagnostic tests or more frequent appointments. Implementing educational programmes to improve UT during the training period and in experienced professionals is essential.

Aunque la incertidumbre es común en el campo de la fisioterapia, se han realizado pocas investigaciones sobre el tema de la tolerancia a la incertidumbre (TI). Este estudio se basa en una investigación previa que exploró la UT en fisioterapeutas noveles e identificó sus necesidades educativas en relación con la TI utilizando el cuestionario autodesarrollado "Tolerancia a la incertidumbre en fisioterapia" (TIF). El presente trabajo pretende explorar la TI en fisioterapeutas experimentados, identificar sus necesidades educativas en relación con la gestión de la incertidumbre y compararlas con las de los fisioterapeutas noveles. Se realizó un estudio observacional cuantitativo transversal en el que participaron 40 fisioterapeutas con una experiencia laboral media de 11,9 (7,52) años. Los resultados muestran que los fisioterapeutas evaluados tenían un TI medio-alto con 51 puntos (5,99) en la escala TIF. Los años de experiencia no pudieron confirmarse como un buen predictor del TI, aunque se observó una tendencia a la mejora del TI (r= -0,075, p-valor = 0,645). Los fisioterapeutas con experiencia se mostraron menos nerviosos o ansiosos ante diagnósticos desconocidos y tuvieron menos dificultades para desconectar mentalmente. Sin embargo, coincidían con los fisioterapeutas noveles en cuanto a solicitar más pruebas diagnósticas o citas más frecuentes. Es esencial poner en marcha programas educativos para mejorar la TI durante el periodo de formación y en profesionales con experiencia.
Pembuatan Skema Bangunan Dan Skema Jaringan Irigasi (Studi Kasus D. I. Karangkrebet, Ngemplak, Sleman)
Authors: Purwanto Agung , Linansera Melvin Paul
Published: September 2024

Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sleman melakukan kegiatan rehabilitasi bendung dan saluran dari tahun 2018 sampai 2021, secara otomatis berpengaruh terhadap skema bangunan dan skema jaringan irigasi daerah irigasi Karangkrebet. Berdasarkan survei lapangan ditemukan masalah yaitu gambar skema bangunan dan skema jaringan yang ada, sudah tidak sesuai dengan kondisi lapangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat skema bangunan irigasi dengan menampilkan jumlah bangunan, nama bangunan, dan jarak tiap bangunan yang ada dalam saluran irigasi, dan membuat skema jaringan irigasi dengan menampilkan jumlah kebutuhan air, luasan sawah, debit dan jarak antar setiap bangunan sadap. Dari hasil penelitian diambil kesimpulan yaitu daerah irigasi Karangkrebet memiliki saluran sepanjang 705 m yang terdiri dari saluran primer sepanjang 28 m dan saluran sekunder sepanjang 677 m. Pada saluran primer terdapat 3 (tiga) bangunan irigasi baru berupa corongan yang berpengaruh terhadap penambahan luas sawah potensial dari 25,22 ha menjadi 32,5 ha atau meningkat sebesar 7,28 ha. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhan air sawah (NFR) sebesar 1,10 l/dt/ha dan kebutuhan air pengambilan (DR) terbesar sebesar 39,83 l/dt/ha.
The Main Scientific Approaches to Understanding the Effectiveness of Public Authority in Russian Constitutional Law
Authors: Ulyanov Alexander
Published: September 2024

In the light of current scientific research, the problem of the effectiveness of public power remains one of the least studied areas in constitutional law. The purpose of the study is to determine the main scientific and methodological approaches and features of cognition of the public power effectiveness in the domestic constitutional and legal doctrine. Based on the formal legal, substantive, substantive, historical, dynamic, systemic and other methodological approaches to the subject of research, it was possible to expand the limits of scientific knowledge about effectiveness in law. The effectiveness of public power in the study is considered as a constitutional principle, a constitutional goal, a value attitude, a legal ideal in the modern Russian paradigm of public power; the degree of achievement of the goals and objectives of the state, their correlation with the socially significant results of the activities of public administration; the totality of power-public actions to be evaluated. As a result of the formal legal analysis of the constitutional and legal structure of Part 3 of Article 132 of the Russian Constitution, the constitutional principle of the effectiveness of public power is derived, which at the same time is a constitutional goal, which is to achieve the most significant socially useful result that meets the interests of the population living in the relevant territory. On the basis of a systematic approach, the constitutional and legal essence of the effectiveness of public power is revealed; the systemic interrelations of this principle with other constitutional principles of the organization and functioning of a unified system of public power in the Russian Federation are established.
The Mysteries of Legal Influence on Processes in the World Around
Authors: Tikhomirov Yuri A.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of regulation and management as mechanisms of cognition. The problematic aspects of decision-making related to the underestimation of the increased role of interaction of traditional legal regulators with the norms of ethics, morality, religion and technological standards, the complex dynamics of social structures, the correlation of decisions at different levels of government are revealed. The evolutionary theories of development and the method of extrapolation in law are critically comprehended. The influence of political factors on the regulation of social processes is indicated. Special attention is paid to the analysis of international legal decisions, their specificity at the present stage of history is shown, and in particular, the phenomenon of regionalization of the procedure for making and implementing international decisions under the pressure of national economic interests of individual countries is considered. The importance of legal science for overcoming these problems is emphasized and the corresponding vectors of the development of legal thought are formulated. As an independent direction for the development of balanced decisions and targeted legal impact, legal forecasting is considered, which makes it possible to strengthen variable thinking, select regulatory options, assessing their consequences. As an integral part of it, it is proposed to develop such a scientific direction as riskology, which is close in essence to legal conflictology. The problems of decision-making and the effectiveness of legal influence are revealed using the characteristics of a legal person, which assumes, firstly, a correct understanding of the role of law in the state and society, secondly, his justified legitimate decisions and actions, and thirdly, an objective legal assessment of his actions and their consequences. The importance of continuing to develop the subject of legal awareness is shown. The integrated approach proposed by the author will allow us to build a sequence of possible actions and avoid functional errors that reduce the potential of legal decisions.
Withdrawal from a Limited Liability Company
Authors: Filippova Sophia
Published: September 2024

According significant change in Article 26 of the Federal Law “On Limited Liability Companies”, there is a need to comprehend the new legal possibilities provided for the provisions of charter on withdrawal from the company, and to understand how the new provisions relate to the doctrine approaches to the legal nature of withdrawal from a limited liability company. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legal nature of withdrawal from a limited liability company. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to identify whether the constitutional right of freedom of association restricts the existence of limited liability companies whose charters do not provide for the right to withdraw from the company; compare the right to withdraw from the company with the unilateral renunciation of the contract and the protection of civil rights and to identify the differences of these legal phenomena; to analyze the legal possibilities provided by the law for regulating withdrawal from the company by the company's charter, to determine their compliance with the legal structure of withdrawal from the company. Formal-logical and dogmatic methods were used in the research process. The structural and functional method made it possible to determine the purpose of options for regulating the right to withdraw from a company. Methods of teleological interpretation and system analysis were used to identify the purpose of the institution of withdrawal from society. Conclusion: the existence of other legal possibilities for termination of participation in a company (alienation of a share by making a transaction) leads to the fact that the existence of the right to exit does not restrict the freedom of participation in the association. The authors express a critical attitude to the consideration of the right to leave company as a way to protect the rights of company members, believing that it is possible to protect a equitable right only if it is violated or a threat of violation is created. In order to exercise the right to withdraw from a company, a violation of equitable right is not required as a condition.
Artificial Intelligence and Criminal Law: Is Palingenesis Acceptable in the Context of Digitalization?
Authors: Khiluta Vadim
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the problem of the possibility of recognizing artificial intelligence as a subject of criminal responsibility. The vectors of the criminal law development are determined and modern doctrinal approaches and trends are analyzed in detail in relation to a positive or negative answer to the question of whether artificial intelligence can be a subject of criminal responsibility, the reasons for the transformation of criminal law and possible consequences are substantiated. Research objectives: to determine the directions of development of criminal law in the period of modernization of public relations and the possibility of recognizing artificial intelligence as a subject of criminal responsibility; to identify a category of persons who may potentially be subjects of criminal responsibility for intentional or careless illegal acts committed by artificial intelligence. Research objectives: to determine the essence of artificial intelligence on the basis of existing approaches in order to solve the question of the possibility of granting it a legal status and prospects for criminal prosecution. The study used traditional methods of socio-legal and formal dogmatic analysis: documentary, comparative legal, analytical, systemic, and logical. According to the results of the study, it is proposed to apply the existing rules for the qualification of illegal acts in the case of crimes committed by artificial intelligence, i. e. to bring only individuals to criminal responsibility. In the case of establishing signs of careless forms of guilt in the actions of creators, developers, users of artificial intelligence systems, traditional approaches to assessing the establishment of negligent forms of guilt should be revised. The legislative indication in the existing concept of the negligent form of guilt to the normative element characterizing the fact that the culprit should have and could have foreseen the possibility of socially dangerous consequences defines negligence as an evaluative concept that goes beyond formal psychological signs. This indicates that in reality today the guilty person is being punished not for the consequences, but for the actions that caused them.
Prosecutor in the Stages of Criminal Process in the Russian Empire before the Judicial Reform of 1864 (Legal Status, Activity and Reform Doctrine)
Authors: Gorbachev Vasily
Published: September 2024

To understand the nature of the changes that occur as a result of any reform, i t is important to analyze the pre-reform orders. In this regard, when studying the transformations of the Prosecutorʼs Office of the Russian Empire, which were an integral part of the judicial reform of 1864, it is relevant to study the functions of the prosecutor’s office in the pre-reform period, especially in the criminal process, in which the greatest changes occurred later during the reform. The purpose of the article is to characterize not only the legal status, but also the actual role of the prosecutor in criminal process in the Russian Empire during the period immediately preceding the judicial reform of 1864, as well as to identify the tendencies of doctrinal transformation of the role of the prosecutor’s office in criminal proceedings. The research is based on the historical-legal method. Formal-legal and hermeneutic methods were used to clarify the legal status of prosecutors. And structural-functional, praxeological and statistical methods were used to characterize the practical activities of the prosecutorʼs office. The article describes the legal status of prosecutors in the pre-reform period and shows that in court they performed only a supervisory function. The forms of prosecutorial supervision over the order of proceedings in the courts and the Senate, as well as the legality of their decisions, are considered. The results of the practical activities of the prosecutorʼs office are determined. The changes of pre-reform doctrinal views on the role of the prosecutor in the criminal process are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn about the limitations of the prosecutorsʼ powers in the pre-reform period, about the formalism of their participation in the consideration of cases in court, about their passivity at the stage of reviewing judicial decisions and about the liberal transformation of the government doctrine of reforming the powers of the prosecutorʼs office in the criminal process. The previously dominant conservative view was overcome in the early 1860s, and the liberal approach became predominant, which assigned to the prosecutor’s office the function of accusation that had previously been absent from it. It was this approach that was the basis of judicial reform.
Child-Rearing as a Nationally Significant Activity: Legal Aspects
Authors: Volkova Natalia
Published: September 2024

The constitutional reform of 2020 outlined new vectors of child-rearing policy, on the one hand, giving this social institution a clearer content, and, on the other hand, changing its position in the scale of state priorities. This predetermined the modification of educational legislation, its development in line with constitutional novels, as well as the emergence in the legal field of new institutional elements that reflect child-rearing policy. There was another change in the child-rearing component of the educational paradigm, which radically revised the role of the state in matters of child-rearing and returned it the status of a state-significant activity. In the article, using general scientific, historical, formal-legal, comparative-legal research methods, constitutional novels on child-rearing issues are considered through the prism of value and moral guidelines; a retrospective analysis of the development of this social institution in the system of the Russian state and law is carried out; the current state of the legal regulation of child-rearing issues, as well as the prospects for their legislative unification, are studied. The author’s vision of the boundaries of the legal impact on child-rearing relations is proposed; the role of the family in shaping the worldview and behavioral matrix of the child is emphasized. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the challenges facing the child-rearing system at the present time, and the possibilities of law in resisting them.
Fakes and Trash Streams as a Threat to Information Security
Authors: Tereshhenko Lyudmila
Published: September 2024

The article examines new relations for Russian practice related to the introduction of a new concept of “fake news” into the legal field, the spread of fake news, the demonstration of trash streams and emerging problems of information security of the state, society, and the individual. The state's attention to the problem of deliberate dissemination of false information has increased many times due to the widespread use of the Internet by various segments of the population, where the flow of false information continues to increase many times. In fact, there is an information war; special technologies are used to influence the psyche of a person who finds it difficult to understand the events taking place, to distinguish lies from the truth. At the same time, fake news can concern a wide variety of aspects — from politics and specific actions of certain individuals to predictions about the future of humanity and individual peoples. The article shows the three most popular topics for fakes. These are topics related to a special military operation; healthcare; politics and state security. The reasons for the unreliability of information may be different (incorrect choice of research methodology, insufficient empirical base in scientific and/ or sociological research, deliberate falsification of facts, deliberate dissemination of false information, etc. ). Cases of particular interest and importance for law are cases when the creation and dissemination of false information is intentional and has a negative impact on information security as an individual, and society as a whole. Fake information is not the only threat to information security in Internet. From a means of communication and a source of knowledge, the Internet is turning into a means of manipulating public consciousness, a means of influencing individual groups of people and, above all, children and adolescents who lack life experience. And if false information is a centuries—old phenomenon, then trash streams are products of the Internet. The article analyzes this phenomenon and a number of reasons for its popularity, in particular, the gradual formation of an emphasis on violence, since it was violence that allowed increasing the number of viewers and, accordingly, donations. To date, the current legislation does not know the concept of “trash streams”, respectively; there is no special legal regulation of trash streams, as well as their prohibition. So far, they, as an independent social phenomenon, are outside the legal field. But trash streams, under certain circumstances, can be partially regulated by both legal and non-legal means.
Development of the Russian Federation as a Social State in the Context of the 30th Anniversary of the Constitution of the Russian Federation
Authors: Klishas Andrey
Published: September 2024

The article examines the issues of the formation of Russia as a social state. Attention is drawn to the special importance of the state social function at the current stage of the historical and political development of the country in connection with the growing external pressure on Russia. Giving examples of two main models of the social state, the author examines the specifics of its modern domestic model, which is the result of the merger of paternalistic and liberal models. The significant role of the norms of the Russian Constitution in the formation of conditions for the development of domestic socially oriented legislation, as well as the development of Russia as a social state, is emphasized. The role of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation as a national judicial body providing social justice — a guarantee of social stability is noted. Based on the results of the study of the speeches of the Russian President, the conclusion is formulated about the constant orientation of national policy towards compliance with the constitutional principle of the social state. The data on the state of individual institutions of the social sphere, as well as the goals of their qualitative improvement are presented. Attention is paid to the constitutional amendments adopted by the results of the all-Russian vote in 2020, which expanded the range of guarantees and obligations of the state to the person. It is noted that the level of constitutional guarantee of rights and freedoms of a social orientation is conditioned by the specifics of the development of domestic constitutionalism in the XX century. Conclusion: it is necessary to improve the social policy of the state in order to maintain the state of social justice and successfully confront any challenges and external threats.
Environmental Protection Law-Making: General Characteristics and Main Development Trends
Authors: Khludeneva Natalia I.
Published: September 2024

Environmental protection law-making is a dynamically developing type of sectoral law-making at the national level, which plays a significant role in the process of cognition and legal transformation of interaction between society and nature. It reflects the changing natural and related social, economic and other legally significant realities of the life of Russian society, on the one hand, fixing the achieved level of development of social relationships in the environmental sphere, and on the other — stimulating their modernization in the conditions of solving the problems of transition to sustainable development. Research objectives: to consider the current state of law-making activity in the field of environmental protection in Russia; to identify the main problems of environmental protection law-making at the national level; to show the trends of environmental protection law-making in our country. Research methods: formal-legal, system-structural, methods of legal modeling and intersectoral analysis. Conclusions: 1) the state of legal regulation of environmental protection in modern Russia cannot be considered impeccable, and the quality of law-making activity is high; 2) the key factors constraining the effectiveness of environmental protection law-making are: lack of social consensus on the ratio of environmental and other socially significant interests protected by law; dynamism and low potential for environmental self-regulation; inconsistency in the implementation of state environmental policy; weak scientific security of environmental protection law-making activities; ecological and legal nihilism; 3) the main issue of environmental protection law-making is the choice of an appropriate measure of legal regulation in order to establish environmental law and order and the method of its legal consolidation; 4) the content of the key trends of environmental protection law-making in Russia the principles of environmental protection and environmental goals of sustainable development are predetermined for many decades to come; 5) one of the most stable modern trends in environmental protection lawmaking is the greening of legislation and differentiation of mandatory requirements.
Formation of the Theory of Interpretation of Law in the Works of A. S. Pigolkin: Retrospective Analysis of Modern Interpretation
Authors: Pushkina Anastasia
Published: September 2024

Albert S. Pigolkin devoted his life to legal science, having worked at the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation for almost 50 years, 30 years of which he remained the permanent head of one of the leading departments of the Institute — the Department of the theory of lawmaking and systematization of legislation. The works of A. S. Pigolkin on lawmaking, sources of law, typology of normative acts, as well as interpretation of law have received the greatest fame. Despite the ongoing evolution of the theory of law-making and interpretation of law, the ideas formulated by the scientist are still a source of knowledge and give impetus to the further development of modern doctrine.
Young Generation’s Investment Motivation: Insights from a Self-Determination Theory Perspective
Authors: Mahmudatus Sholihah  , Wahyudin
Published: September 2024

This study aims to understand investment motivation among students in Makassar using the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) framework. Data were collected from students through an online questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. The findings indicate that students' investment motivation is influenced by several key factors, including autonomous motivation, competence, social relatedness, intrinsic motivation, and commitment. The results highlight that students have a strong desire to independently manage their investment activities, feel confident in their ability to understand and engage in investment, and benefit from the support of peers, family, and community. Intrinsic motivation plays a significant role, reflecting personal satisfaction and interest in investment, while high levels of commitment suggest a strong dedication to maintaining their investment activities. Overall, the study reveals that students in Makassar exhibit a high level of investment motivation, driven by the need for autonomy, competence, and social connections. The research underscores the importance of financial literacy and social support in shaping students' investment motivation. Educational institutions and financial organizations are encouraged to collaborate in enhancing financial literacy and providing educational programs that support students' investment motivation.
Investment Choices in the Young Generation: A Behavioral Economics Approach Using Prospect Theory
Authors: Maria Reski  , Andi Amrullah
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the psychological and behavioral factors that influence investment decisions among students of the Faculty of Economics and Business at UNM using the Prospect Theory approach. This research is descriptive and utilizes a quantitative methodology, with the population consisting of students from the Faculty of Economics and Business at UNM. Data were collected using a questionnaire designed based on the principles of Prospect Theory in behavioral economics. The data analysis was conducted using statistical techniques, including descriptive statistical tests, to identify the factors influencing students' investment decisions. The findings reveal that students' financial decision-making behavior is significantly influenced by various psychological factors. The research indicates that students tend to be consistent in their financial decision-making processes, demonstrating a notable influence of behavioral biases. Additionally, the study highlights that common behavioral biases, such as risk aversion and loss aversion, are prevalent among students when making investment decisions. These results emphasize the importance of understanding the psychological aspects of investment choices, suggesting that educational initiatives should focus on improving students' awareness of these biases to foster more informed and rational investment behavior.
Understanding Investment Motivation in the Young Generation Using Self-Determination Theory
Authors: Enzel D. S. Situmorang  , Muh. Fadil Nugraha
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the investment motivation of students using the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) framework. SDT emphasizes three basic psychological needs that influence motivation: competence, relatedness, and autonomy. Data were collected through a survey involving students from various disciplines at Universitas Negeri Makassar (UNM). The findings reveal that fulfilling the need for competence through investment training programs and seminars, fostering relatedness through investment communities and discussion groups, and supporting autonomy in investment decision-making significantly enhance students' investment motivation. The conclusion of this study highlights the importance of institutional support in the form of education, community building, and the provision of investment platforms that empower students to make independent decisions. These findings have practical implications for universities and other educational institutions, suggesting the need for effective strategies to boost financial literacy and encourage investment participation among students. By addressing these psychological needs, educational institutions can play a pivotal role in shaping the investment behaviors of the young generation.
Pilihan Politik Masyarakat Melayu Pesisir Pantai di Kecamatan Tanjung Tiram Kabupaten Batu Bara Tahun 2019
Authors: Doni Muhammad Rahma
Published: September 2024

Political choices are preferences, actions, and individual information processing to make political decisions. Although it is often assumed that political institutions play a major role in public policy making, individuals also have the ability to influence political institutions. Community participation in politics is when an individual or a group of people actively engage in political life, including in the election of national leaders, and directly or indirectly influence government policies, public policy. This research uses a qualitative method (Field Research) that is descriptive by using primary data sources, conducting interviews with the coastal Malay community of Tanjung Tiram, community leaders, Malay Youth, Head of the Batu Bara KPU, and Religious Leaders, regarding the political choices of the Tanjung Tiram coastal community in Batu Bara Regency, the political insights of the coastal Malay community, and the cultural impact of Malay culture on the political choices of the community.
Pertanggungjawaban Notaris terhadap Akta Otentik yang Dibuat Dihadapannya
Authors: Suparman Maman , Sudirman Dodi
Published: September 2024

Notaries in carrying out their duties and responsibilities are required to always apply the principle of caution, this is intended so that notaries can provide the best service to the public, and also notaries who do not apply the principle of caution can be subject to sanctions. The large number of notaries makes the competition among notaries increasingly tight and sometimes makes notaries less careful in carrying out their profession. Therefore, the emergence of this journal as an effort to discuss the main issue, namely how the accountability of a Notary towards authentic deeds made by or in front of them. The type of research used in this study is normative juridical, which is a research method by examining and analyzing secondary data. The research results show that authentic deeds as products of Notaries have very strong legal force as evidence in court, therefore the preparation of authentic deeds must be accountable if there are errors in their writing. Thus, the making of authentic deeds must be accountable.
Tinjauan Sosiologi Hukum terhadap Penyelesaian Talak di Bawah Tangan
Authors: Islam Ahmad Fikrul , Arifin Zaenal
Published: September 2024

This research is motivated by the findings of researchers in the field regarding the existence of secret divorce processes in Wakan Village, Jerowaru District, East Lombok Regency. In Wakan Village, there are many controversies surrounding the secret divorce settlement. In this study, the researcher aims to understand the process of secret divorce settlement among the community in Wakan Village and the impacts that arise from such secret divorces from a socio-legal perspective. The researcher utilized qualitative research in this study, collecting both primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques involved three stages: observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis conducted by the researcher is qualitative descriptive interpretation of the findings presented deductively (general). Subsequently, in the final conclusion, the researcher draws inductive (specific) and systematic conclusions.
 Keywords: Sociology of Law, Settlement of Divorce Under the Hand
Wewenang Dewan Perwakilan Daerah dalam Memperkuat Otonomi Daerah Menurut Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Authors: Hadi Wuryandanu  , Zaenal Arifin
Published: September 2024

In the Indonesian government system, the DPD is a representation of the people, a state institution that is constitutionally given the authority and task of representing regional interests at the national level. The DPD not only proposes policies related to regional autonomy, but also ensures continued development and political stability in Indonesia. However, in practice, the DPD's role is limited by structural constraints and dependence on its partners, especially the DPR and the central government. The DPD relies heavily on the DPR to make decisions, which reduces its effectiveness. This limitation shows that the position of the DPD is not equal to that of the DPR. As a constitutional institution, it is important for the DPD to be given a more substantial role in policy making to ensure better representation for the regions. The main issue discussed is how the authority of the Regional Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia (DPD-RI) is in strengthening regional autonomy and how DPD-RI as regional representatives can have equal rights and authority to the DPR-RI in fighting for regional interests. This research method uses a type of normative legal research that uses secondary data through literature searches. The conclusion drawn is that DPD-RI has limitations in supporting regional autonomy. Article 22D of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia as a result of the amendment actually weakens its position. The increase in authority is expected to strengthen its role as a balancer in the Indonesian political system.
Hybrid block formulae whose eigenvalues of Jacobian matrices are close to the imaginary axis of the complex plane
Authors: Kona James , Muka Kingsley
Published: September 2024

Methods for integrating stiff initial value problems are required to be A-stable. Of great interest are A-stable methods whose Jacobian matrices have their eigenvalues close to the imaginary axis of the complex plane. This class of A-stable methods are very rare. This paper is on the development of a new family of A-stable hybrid block method whose Jacobian matrices possess eigenvalues on the imaginary of the complex plane via interpolation and collocation techniques. The family of methods developed herein are A-stable for order p ≤ 18. Numerical solutions generated by the new method are compared with existing methods in the literature. The numerical results show that the new class of methods are more efficient and accurate.