bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TÁC HẠI CỦA KHÓI THUỐC LÁ VỚI HỆ HÔ HẤP
Authors: Ngọc Sỹ Đinh
Published: December 2021

Mặc dù phổi là bộ phận của cơ thể được bảo vệ bởi hệ thống miễn dịch chung và bởi cơ chế tự bảo vệ tại phổi, nhưng vẫn bị tác động của các chất độc hại có trong khói thuốc lá và từ môi trường. Tác hại của khói thuốc lá tới nhiều bộ phận của cơ thể và gây nhiều bệnh lý nguy hiểm đến tính mạng. Ngay tại phổi, 2 bệnh hay gặp có liên quan đến thuốc lá là ung thư phổi và bệnh phổi tắc nghẽn mạn tính. Đây là 2 bệnh trong nhóm nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây tử vong trên toàn thế giới.
Where’s the Love? Recentering Indigenous and Feminist Ethics of Care for Engaged Climate Research
Authors: Haverkamp Jamie
Published: December 2021

Across a range of environmental change and crisis-driven research fields, including conservation, climate change and sustainability studies, the rhetoric of participatory and engaged research has become somewhat of a normative and mainstream mantra. Aligning with cautionary tales of participatory approaches, this article suggests that, all too often, ‘engaged’ research is taken up uncritically and without care, often by pragmatist, post-positivist and neoliberal action-oriented researchers, for whom the radical and relational practice of PAR is paradigmatically (ontologically, epistemologically and/or axiologically) incommensurable. Resisting depoliticised and rationalist interpretations of participatory methodologies, I strive in this article to hold space for the political, relational and ethical dimensions of collaboration and engagement.

Drawing on four years of collaborative ethnographic climate research in the Peruvian Andes with campesinos of Quilcayhuanca, I argue that resituating Participatory Action Research (PAR) within a feminist and indigenous ethics of care more fully aligns with the radical participatory praxis for culturally appropriate transformation and the liberation of oppressed groups. Thus, I do not abandon the participatory methodology altogether, rather this article provides a hopeful reworking of the participatory methodology and, specifically, participatory and community-based adaptation (CBA) practices, in terms of a feminist and indigenous praxis of love-care-response. In so doing, I strive to reclaim the more radical feminist and Indigenous elements – the affective, relational and political origins of collaborative knowledge production – and rethink research in the rupture of climate crises, relationally. The ethico-political frictions and tensions inherent in engaged climate scholarship are drawn into sharp relief, and deep reflection on the responsibility researchers take on when asking questions in spaces and times of ecological loss, trauma and grief is offered.
Guest Editorial: Power in Engaged Scholarship: Dimensions and Dynamics of Knowledge Co-Creation
Authors: Post Margaret A. , Ruelle Morgan
Published: December 2021

Collaboratively engaged research is shaped by dynamic power relationships among individuals, institutions and communities. Where some disciplines have explored the theoretical and methodological implications of power relations, the engagement movement writ large has suffered from a lack of explicit conceptual models and in-depth analyses of the role of power in the process of knowledge co-creation. Over the last 30 years, considerable attention has been paid to how resources and expertise within academic institutions can be brought to bear on the intractable social and economic problems of local communities. A necessary, yet under-theorised aspect of these dynamics is the extent to which the positionality and interpersonal relationships between actors impact the outcomes and durability of these processes. In this introductory article, we describe our effort to cultivate a conversation about power in engaged research. We organised an Author Collective for scholars and practitioners with a wide range of perspectives to expand our theoretical understanding of power’s role in university- community engagement. By reflecting on identities, approaches and experiences, the authors in this issue explore power as a vehicle for understanding the impact of positionality and interpersonal relationships on the process and outcomes of collaborative research.
Vietnamese Learners’ Reactions to Content and Language Integrated Learning Programs at a public university
Authors: Nguyen Phuong-Bao-Tran
Published: December 2021

One of the important goals of Vietnamese tertiary education is the acquisition of CLIL (Content-and-language integrated Learning) skills. In order to be successful on the national and international labor market, tertiary education students need to acquire both English as an international language skills and discipline-specific knowledge and skills at high functional levels. This paper reports study results using a quantitative method in which data were collected from a questionnaire from students in CLIL programs at a public university in Vietnam. The findings will provide additional relevant research evidence on student perceptions of CLIL instruction practices in Vietnam which could contribute to the sustainability and future development of dual-focused programs.
Investigating Difficulties of Self-Study in Reading Skills of English Language Students of the High-Quality Training Program at Can Tho University
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Bao , Nguyen Huan Buu , Pham Xuan Hong Thi , Nguyen Ngoc Nhu , Truong Ngoc Yen Nhi
Published: December 2021

Research has indicated that self-study is a constructivist learning approach that promotes student engagement within tertiary education. However, teaching at higher education institutions is largely based on traditional lecture mode and thus, students are likely become passive in their learning process. Moreover, little research has been conducted to look into this constructivist approach perceived by students in English as a foreign language (EFL) classes. These paper therefore examines the difficulties of self-study in reading comprehension classes in high quality program at a university in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Data collected in this study included questionnaire and interview. The participants in this study were 75 juniors in English languages and culture studies. The findings from this study indicate that student-related factors such as time, learning environment, and subject-specific vocabulary could hinder them from reading learning. Pedagogical implications and recommendations for students and teachers are provided.
EFL Teachers' Perceptions of the Significance of “Four Cs” and Their Suggestions to Enhance “Four Cs” for High School EFL Students in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Vuong Thi Huyen
Published: December 2021

The 21st century learning and innovation skills, known as “Four Cs” (4Cs) for a short term have long been highly appreciated for their incontrovertibly enormous benefits for the learners’ future success in the process of perceiving knowledge and the accumulation of these four important skills of the 21stcentury. There have been numerous studies about “four Cs” worldwide so far, but little research on this topic has been conducted in Vietnam. This research aims at investigating high school EFL teachers’ perceptions about the significance of “Four Cs” for high school students, exploring their proposals which aim at developing these four skills for high school students. The official participants in the study were 50 high school EFL teachers teaching English from various high schools in An Giang Province. Among those participants, 9 EFL high school teachers took part in semi-structured interviews related to the theme. With a descriptive approach and a method of qualitative research, structured questionnaire and semi-structured interviews which were employed were regarded as two main research instruments. In general, the findings of this study revealed that EFL teachers in high schools in An Giang Province had been highly aware of the important role of “Four Cs” for high school students, and the findings also explored their recommendations to enhance “Four Cs” for high school students in An Giang Province in Vietnam. From the findings, the study suggested some implications to boost “Four Cs” for EFL students. Finally, the limitations and the suggestions for further research were also discussed.
Green Growth, Food Safety and Environnement Quality: Theoretical Study in Developing Countrys
Authors: NAFTI Sawssen
Published: December 2021

This paper examines the relationship between green growth, food safety and environnement protection. Our analysis is based on a theoretical study aimed to know if the green economy is an effective solution to the problem of poverty and under-nourishment and protective of the environment in developing countrys or it is just a component of any strategy for growth economy. In this way, green economic theories encompass a wide range of ideas all dealing with the interconnected relationship between people and the environment. Our theorical study shows that green economy have an important role to reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities, also is a good solution to reduce poverty, under-nourishment and assure food safety, if political orders is made.
Đánh giá tính an toàn và tính sinh miễn dịch của dự tuyển vắc xin Covid-19 do Vabiotech phát triển trên chuột đất vàng Syrian
Authors: Đạt Đỗ Tuấn , Mai Lê Thị Quỳnh , Hằng Nguyễn Lê Khánh , Thiên Đỗ Thuận , Trọng Mạc Văn , Tuyết Lê Thị Thanh
Published: December 2021

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá tính an toàn và tính sinh miễn dịch của dự tuyển vắc xin phòng ngừa Covid-19 (COVINVAX) do VABIOTECH sản xuất trên 8 chuột đất vàng Syrian. Chuột khỏe mạnh sau tiêm vắc xin, không có biểu hiện bệnh lý, tạo đáp ứng miễn dịch tốt sau khi tiêm bắp hai liều vắc xin, đã phát triển cả kháng thể trung hòa được xác định bằng kỹ thuật PRNT50 với GMT PRNT50 ngày 35 ở 2 nhóm chuột tiêm vắc xin 5 mcg và 10mcg lần lượt là: 100,8; 320, cả kháng thể dịch thể (IgG/IgM kháng protein S của virút SARS-CoV-2) với GMT ngày 35 ở 2 nhóm lần lượt là: 22,8; 84,6 và tạo đáp ứng miễn dịch tế bào ưu thế với Th1 với IgG2/IgG3 là 2015,9 so với IgG1 là 315,5 đại điện cho Th2. Đáp ứng miễn dịch cao nhất ở các nhóm chuột tiêm bắp hai mũi vắc xin liều 10 mcg. Do đó, vắc xin COVINVAX đạt yêu cầu về tính an toàn và tính sinh miễn dịch trên chuột đất vàng Syrian, là cơ sở để phát triển nghiên cứu thử thách cũng như các nghiên cứu trên mô hình động vật lớn  và thử nghiệm lâm sàng trên người.
Thực trạng ô nhiễm vi sinh vật trong khăn ướt dùng một lần ở các nhà hàng, quán ăn tại thành phố Nha Trang năm 2019
Authors: Thắm Dương Thị Hồng , Quốc Hồ Văn , Vinh Lý Thế , Hòa Nguyễn Tất , Hùng Đỗ Thái
Published: December 2021

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang năm 2019 trên 150 mẫu khăn ướt dùng 1 lần làm từ vải không dệt, được lấy từ 150 nhà hàng, quán ăn trên địa bàn thành phố Nha Trang nhằm  mô tả thực trạng mức độ ô nhiễm vi sinh vật đếm được, các vi khuẩn gây bệnh Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus và nấm Candida albicans. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy 68% (102/150) nhà hàng quán ăn có mẫu khăn ướt dùng 1 lần đạt tiêu chuẩn khăn ướt dùng cho các đối tượng khác theo TCVN 11528:2016. Tổng số vi sinh vật đếm được trung bình là 5,6 × 106 ± 3,7 × 107 CFU/g (XTB ± SD), thấp nhất là < 10 CFU/g, cao nhất là 3,5 × 108 CFU/g. Có 20,3% (12/59) nhà hàng, quán ăn có mẫu khăn ướt bị nhiễm vi sinh vật phân lập được P. aeruginosa, với số lượng trung bình là: 3,6 × 106 ± 2,0×107 CFU/g, cao nhất là 1,4 × 108 CFU/g và thấp nhất là < 10 CFU/g. Không phát hiện thấy S. aureus và C. albicans trong các mẫu khăn ướt thu thập được. Nghiên cứu này cho thấy có gần 40% nhà hàng, quán ăn có mẫu khăn ướt bị ô nhiễm ít nhất 1 tác nhân vi sinh vật, do vậy các nhà hàng, quán ăn cần lựa chọn các cơ sở cung cấp khăn ướt có chất lượng tốt.
Đánh giá tính ổn định hàng năm của vắc xin sởi và vắc xin phối hợp sởi - rubella sản xuất tại POLYVAC từ năm 2015 đến năm 2019
Authors: Thư Phạm Anh , Thược Phạm Thị , Nguyệt Nguyễn Thị , Sơn Trần Văn , Hường Vũ Thị , Hương Ngô Thị Thanh , Dương Nguyễn Thị , Hiền Nguyễn Đăng , Hường Nguyễn Thúy , Hường Ngô Thu
Published: December 2021

Áp dụng theo quy định của WHO, tính ổn định hàng năm của vắc xin sởi, vắc xin phối hợp sởi-rubella được tiến hành từ năm 2015 tại POLYVAC trên các lô sản xuất đầu tiên của năm với mục đích đánh giá tính ổn định về chất lượng và quy trình sản xuất của vắc xin do POLYVAC sản xuất. Các thử nghiệm về hiệu giá; độ ẩm tồn dư; cảm quan và pH được thực hiện trên hai loại vắc xin MVVAC và MRVAC bảo quản ở nhiệt độ 2-8 0C. Các số liệu được thu thập và đánh giá ở các thời điểm 0 năm, 1 năm, 2 năm kể từ ngày sản xuất. Kết quả cho thấy, các lô thử nghiệm đều cho kết quả nằm trong khoảng tiêu chuẩn ở tất cả các thử nghiệm và các thời điểm thực hiện.
Thực trạng thiếu vitamin A và một số yếu tố liên quan ở phụ nữ tuổi sinh đẻ tại một tỉnh miền núi phía Bắc, năm 2018
Authors: Phương Hoàng Văn , Tú Nguyễn Song , Trường Nguyễn Hồng , Quân Hoàng Long
Published: December 2021

Vitamin A là một chất dinh dưỡng cần thiết cho sự tăng trưởng và phát triển của con người. Nghiên cứu cắt ngang này nhằm mô tả thực trạng thiếu vitamin A và một số yếu tố liên quan được tiến hành trên 809 phụ nữ 15- 35 tuổi tại tỉnh Sơn La, năm 2018. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ thiếu vitamin A tiền lâm sàng (VAD – TLS) là 4,2%. Tuy nhiên tỷ lệ VAD-TLS và nguy cơ VAD – TLS là 38,8%, cùng với nồng độ retinol huyết thanh trung bình là 1,19 ± 0,38mmol/L, thấp hơn so với các nghiên cứu gần đây đã cho thấy những nguy cơ tiềm ẩn của thiếu vitamin A; Nồng độ retinol huyết thanh liên quan tuyến tính với phần trăm mỡ cơ thể, chỉ số khối cơ thể (BMI), hàm lượng kẽm và ferritin huyết thanh. Hồi qui đa biến logistic cho thấy cân nặng thấp (trọng lượng < 45kg), tình trạng thiếu máu, thiếu kẽm và dân tộc Thái được dự đoán là yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng VAD-TLS và nguy cơ VAD - TLS. Như vậy thiếu vitamin A ở phụ nữ tuổi sinh đẻ là không đáng kể về ý nghĩa sức khỏe cộng đồng; tuy nhiên vẫn cần tiếp tục tăng cường giáo dục truyền thông, giải quyết các vấn đề thiếu máu và thiếu vi chất dinh dưỡng góp phần ổn định tình trạng vitamin A ở phụ nữ tuổi sinh đẻ.
Nghiên cứu chế tạo bộ mẫu chuẩn độ nhạy phân tích cho kiểm định chất lượng sinh phẩm phát hiện HBsAg ở Việt Nam
Authors: Thiển Đoàn Hữu , Dung Bùi Thu , Thủy Phạm Thị Hồng , Hường Vũ Thị Thu
Published: December 2021

Theo Tổ chức Y tế thế giới, sinh phẩm phát hiện HBsAg  sử dụng trong chẩn đoán người nhiễm HBV cần bảo đảm độ nhạy phân tích ≤ 4IU/ml. Chúng tôi đã xây dựng thành công bộ mẫu độ nhạy phân tích HBsAg từ 3 mẫu huyết tương dương tính với HBsAg mang 3 kiểu gen phổ biến ở Việt Nam là kiểu gen B, kiểu gen C và tái tổ hợp B + C. Các kiểu gen này tương ứng với các típ huyết thanh adw và adr của vi rút viêm gan B. Bộ mẫu gồm 18 thành viên với dải nồng độ HBsAg từ 0,1-10U/ml. Bộ mẫu được đánh giá độ ổn định ở nhiệt độ 40C trong 21 ngày cho kết quả là không khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê, từ đó có thể dự đoán độ ổn định của bộ mẫu chuẩn là ít nhất 1 năm ở nhiệt độ tối thiểu từ -400C. Sử dụng bộ mẫu độ nhạy phân tích để khảo sát mức độ nhạy của 06 kit chẩn đoán HBsAg khác nhau, cho thấy các kit PCR, điện hóa phát quang và ELISA có thể phát hiện được 100% các mẫu thành viên, trong khi test nhanh chỉ phát hiện được 16,7% trong 18 mẫu thành viên. Bộ mẫu độ nhạy phân tích là một trong những công cụ tốt cho kiểm định chất lượng và đánh giá so sánh các kit chẩn đoán HBsAg ở Việt Nam.
Hiệu quả bổ sung gạo tăng cường sắt, kẽm lên chỉ số nhân trắc của phụ nữ tuổi sinh đẻ tại Vũ Thư, Thái Bình năm 2016
Authors: Nga Trần Việt , Tuyên Lê Danh , Thúy Phạm Vân , Nga Trần Thúy , Nhung Ninh Thị
Published: December 2021

Nghiên cứu can thiệp cộng đồng có đối chứng, nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả sử dụng gạo bổ sung sắt, kẽm trên nhóm đối tượng phụ nữ tuổi sinh đẻ tuổi từ 20 - 49 (BMI > 16,0 (kg/cm2) đến BMI < 25 (kg/cm2)), tại huyện Vũ Thư tỉnh Thái Bình, phân loại chỉ số nhân trắc theo WHO (1994). 350 phụ nữ tuổi sinh đẻ tham gia can thiệp, chọn ngẫu nhiên theo tuổi ở 2 nhóm đảm bảo tính tương đồng về nhân trắc. Nhóm can thiệp ăn gạo tăng cường 4mg sắt/1g và 2 mg kẽm/1g hàng ngày, nhóm chứng ăn gạo bình thường, liên tục trong 12 tháng. Kết quả: Cân nặng, BMI trung bình sau 12 tháng tại nhóm can thiệp cải thiện tốt hơn nhóm chứng. Hiệu quả can thiệp là 44,0%. Cụ thể sau 12 tháng tại nhóm can thiệp giảm 77,3% đối tượng và nhóm chứng giảm 33,3% đối tượng không thiếu năng lượng trường diễn (NLTD). Sự khác biệt cân nặng BMI trung bình và tỉ lệ  thiếu NLTD của hai nhóm sau 12 tháng can thiệp có ý nghĩa thống kê (p < 0,05).
Results of theoretical studies of the adaptation of the solar power complex of the south of the Tyumen region
Authors:   State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Zherebtsov Boris , Basumatorova Ekaterina
Published: December 2021

Theoretical provisions of the adaptation of the solar energy complex for effective use in the climate of the south of the Tyumen region. In particular, the climate in the south of the Tyumen region has been studied, its main features are described, and the main difficulties in using this system in the region have been deduced. Methods for calculating the parameters of the power complex are presented, structural changes in the design of the heat exchanger are provided, taking into account the operating conditions, a technical solution has been developed for the design of the structure of the power complex in order to minimize the negative effects of the external environment, a method is given for testing the effectiveness of the proposed solutions, the heat transfer fluids used in system, taking into account the specifics of a particular project. Keywords: ADAPTATION, SOLAR ENERGY COMPLEX, CALCULATION, RESULTS, RESEARCH, ANALYSIS, HEAT EXCHANGE, HEAT, STEAM, TEMPERATURE, POWER, CYCLE, AREA
CENGİZ AYTMATOV’UN “İLK ÖĞRETMEN” ADLI HİKÂYESİ ÜZERİNE EĞİTİM BAĞLAMINDA BİR OKUMA DENEMESİ
Authors: YILMAZ Enser , İLASLAN Seher
Published: December 2021

Gelenekle bağlarını koruyan bir gelecek anlayışı ile insanlığın temel meselelerini kaleme alan Cengiz Aytmatov, eserlerinde vücuda getirdiği üslup ve muhteva ile 20. yüzyılın büyük romancılarından olmayı başarmış bir yazardır. Kendi deyişi ile eserlerinde “tipik insan”ı portreleme çabasında olan yazar, eserlerinin olay örgüsünü geçmiş ve tarihi miras kaynaklarıyla besler. Kırgızca ve Rusça kaleme aldığı eserlerini destan, masal, türkü gibi halk kültürü motifleri ile zenginleştirirken; halkın içine düştüğü zorluk ve acıların yol açtığı sorunlara çözüm odaklı yaklaşmayı da ihmal etmez. Yani Aytmatov’un eserleri destanlardan, masallardan beslendiğinde dahi yaşamın gerçekleri ile bağlarını sımsıkı korur. Eserleri vasıtası ile insanlara zorluklarla mücadele etme gücü, umudu ve inancı aşılamaya çalışan Aytmatov, 1961’de yayımlanan İlk Öğretmen adlı hikâyesinde de bu izleği ön plana çıkarır. Ebeveynler ve öğretmenler çocuklara karşı önemli sorumlulukları olan kişilerdir. Çocukların hayal ve yeteneklerine saygı duyularak onlara sunulan eğitim olanakları iyi yetişmelerindeki en önemli etmenlerdendir. İçerdiği tarihi, politik, sosyolojik, ekonomik ve eğitsel olgular bakımından çok yönlü ele alınıp irdelenebilecek bir muhtevaya sahip olan İlk Öğretmen adlı hikâye bu çalışmada, eğitim ve öğretmenin birey ve toplum yaşamındaki önemine yaptığı tematik vurgular bağlamında ele alınarak; öğretmenlik mesleğinin insan yaşamındaki rolü ve önemi üzerinde durulacaktır.
ŞAH İSMAİL HATÂÎ’NİN DİVAN’INA BİYOGRAFİK BİR BAKIŞ: DİVÂN’DAKİ “GÉNE ‘EZM ÉYLEDİ KÖŊLÜM GÉDER OL ŞĀH-I E‘LĀYA” GAZELİNİN ÇALDIRAN SAVAŞI ÜZERİNDEN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ATEŞ Elife
Published: December 2021

Safevi Devleti’nin kurucusu ve yöneticisi de olan Şah İsmail, Hatâî mahlasıyla hece ve aruz vezninde yazdığı şiirleri ve mesnevileri sebebiyle Divan ve Halk edebiyatımızın önemli şairlerindendir. Tarihte daha çok edebiyatçı kişiliği ile mi yoksa siyasetçi kişiliğiyle mi yer aldığı sorusuna cevap bulmak oldukça zordur. Zira Osmanlı padişahları ile olan münasebeti ve yaptığı savaşlar tarihe yön veren önemli siyasi olaylar olarak kaydedilmişken, söylediği nefesler hala Anadolu’da canlılığını korumaktadır. Şairin hayatında bir dönüm noktası olan hadise ise hiç şüphesiz Çaldıran Savaşı’dır. Daha önce hiç yenilgi tatmamış şah, bu savaşla ağır bir hezimete uğramıştır. Bir şairin içtimai hayatının şiirine yansımaması düşünülemez. Şah İsmail’in bu çalkantılı dini-politik hayatı da şiirine yansımıştır. Öyle ki Divan’ı incelendiğinde Divan’da yer alan şiirleri Çaldıran Savaşı öncesindeki şiirler ve Çaldıran Savaşı sonrasındaki şiirler olarak tasnif etmek mümkündür. Şairin “Géne ‘ezm éyledi köŋlüm géder ol şāh-ı e‘lāya” şiiri Divan’da Çaldıran Savaşı’nın şair üzerindeki etkisini tasvir ettiği düşünülen en kuvvetli şiirdir. Bu sebeple, çalışmada Şah İsmail Hatâî’nin Divan’ı biyografik bir yaklaşımla okunmuş ve şairin “Géne ‘ezm éyledi köŋlüm géder ol şāh-ı e‘lāya” şiiri Divan’dan seçilmiş diğer şiirlerle birlikte Çaldıran Savaşı’nın şair üzerindeki psikolojik etkisini tasvir etmesi açısından ele alınmıştır.
MİTOLOJİK İNANÇLARDA VE ANLATILARDA YER ALAN BALIK MOTİFİ VE BALIK MOTİFİNİN GÜNÜMÜZ EFSANELERİNE YANSIMASI
Authors: KAPLAN Haktan
Published: December 2021

Mitolojilerde çeşitli hayvanların birtakım özel güçleri olduğuna inanılır. Bu hayvanlardan biri de balıktır. Balık, hemen hemen tüm milletlerin mitolojik inançlarında, anlatmalarında kısaca hayatlarının her noktasında önemli bir işlev sahibi olmuştur. Kimi zaman bereket getirdiğine inanılmış kimi zaman birlik ve beraberliği güçlendiren bir olgu olmuş kimi zaman da tanrının yer yüzüne indiğinde donuna girdiği bir hayvan olmuştur.

Beşeriyetin kadim inançlarında balığa duyulan saygı, semavi dinlerin inmesiyle önemini kaybetmemiş gerek İslamiyet gerekse Hıristiyanlık kisvesi altında önemini devam ettirmiştir. Hz. İsa’nın son akşam yemeğinde masada bulunan yemeklerden birinin balık olması, Hz. İbrahim’in ateşe atıldığı yerdeki odunların balığa dönüşmesi, Kıbrıs savaşında savaşan askerlerin Anadolu’nun çeşitli göllerinde bulunan balıklardan oluştuğuna inanılması bu önemin bir göstergesidir.

Çalışmamızda çeşitli kadim inançlarda ve mitolojilerde balık motifi incelenecektir. Bununla birlikte balık motifinin günümüzde efsanelerine yansıması ve balığa dönüşme motifi ele alınacaktır.
PAT BARKER’IN KIZLARIN SUSKUNLUĞU ESERİNDE TARİHSEL KURGU
Authors: BÖLÜKMEŞE Engin , ÖZDEMİR Halil
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma, tarihsel kurguya dayanan iki önemli eserin edebi olarak karşılaştırılmasını ele almaktadır. Nitekim gerçek savaş deneyimlerine dayanarak ün kazanan İngiliz Roman yazarı Pat Barker’ın Kızların Suskunluğu adlı eserinde İlyada destanında konuşulmamış kadınların, çocukların hikâyelerine epik yapıyı bozarak gerçekçi ve canlı bir şekilde yer verilmiştir. Eserinde Romantizme karşı durarak gerçekçi bir yaklaşımla metinlerarasılıktan faydalanarak savaşın geride bıraktıklarına dair bir kadın gözüyle tecavüz, kölelik, ölüm, gözyaşı, yıkım ve hayatta kalma mücadelesi gibi konulara değinmiştir. İlyada destanında yer alan kurgulara farklı bir bakış açısıyla yeni bir tarihsel kurgu geliştirmiştir. Yıkıma uğramış ve paramparça olmuş hayat hikâyelerini toplama ve bir araya getirmeye dönük tasvirlere yer vererek, erkek gözü ve kalemiyle yazılmış mitoloji ve destansı kahramanlıkların tam aksine bir kurguyla betimlemiştir. Bu çalışmada savaş deneyimlerinin arka planını anlatan Kızların Suskunluğu adlı eser, Pat Barker’ın tarihsel kurguyu oluşturma biçimi ve yöntemi çerçevesinde analiz edilecektir. Bu doğrultuda ilgili çalışma, yazarın eserini kaleme alırken tarihsel kurgu kurallarını uygulamadığına dair bilgiler iletmektedir.
ÂŞIK-SEVGİLİ TASVİRLERİNE İLİŞKİN KARŞITLIKLARIN GAZELLERDEKİ YANSIMALARI
Authors: GİDER Mahmut , ÇİFTÇİ Soner
Published: December 2021

Klasik Türk şiirinde duygu ve hayaller estetize edilerek ele alındığı için anlam, üslup kadar önemsenir. Bu şiirin anlam dünyasını belirleyen mihver duygu aşktır. Özellikle gazel nazım şekli ile yazılan şiirlerde âşık ve sevgili tasviri yapılırken ilgili kavramlar, derin tedailer yansıtacak şekilde teşbih ve tasavvurlara konu edilir.

Klasik Türk şiiriyle alakalı yapılan okumalarda âşık ve sevgiliye dair teşbih ve tasavvurların paradoksal yaklaşımlarla ele alınması, dikkate şayeste bir durum olarak değerlendirilmiş ve bu durum çalışmanın hazırlanma gerekçesini oluşturmuştur. Çalışma hazırlanırken klasik Türk şiiriyle özdeşleşen nazım şekillerinden gazel ile iktifa edilmiştir. Bu sınırlandırmanın temelinde, gazelin ana temasının aşk olması ve âşık-sevgili tasvirlerinin gazellerdeki yansımalarının daha belirgin olması düşüncesi etkili olmuştur. Âşık ve sevgili tasviri yapılırken şiir geleneğinin oluşturduğu sınırlılıklar hasebiyle sevgilinin umumiyetle yüceltildiği, âşığın ise değersizleştirildiği görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda sevgili; hekim, Müslüman, avcı, sultan, Süleyman vb. olarak tasavvur edilirken, bu kavramlara mukabil olarak âşık; hasta, kâfir, av, dilenci, karınca olarak tasavvur edilmiştir. Âşık ve/ya sevgili doğrudan karşıt kavramlarla (köle-hür, dert-derman) tasvir edilmenin yanı sıra metnin bağlamına göre, anlam itibariyle karşıt hâle gelen vasıflarla (hasta-hekim, ipek-şal) da tasvir edilmiştir. Tematik olan bu çalışmanın anlama dayalı edebî sanatlardan “tezat sanatı”na dair birçok örneği ihtiva etmesi, alana katkısını arttırmaktadır. Çalışma tanzim edilirken âşık ve sevgiliyi doğrudan karşılayan karşıt kavramlar ile onlara ait hâl ve unsurları karşılayan karşıt kavramlar alfabetik sıraya göre kategorize edilerek şerh edilmiştir.
Osztálystruktúra és jövedelemegyenlőtlenség: az erőforrás-integrációs modell empirikus összehasonlító tesztje
Authors: Vastagh Zoltán
Published: December 2021

Az írás célja, hogy megvizsgálja, mennyiben járulhat hozzá egy viszonylag új társadalomszerkezeti modell a jövedelmi egyenlőtlenségek okainak teljesebb megértéséhez, illetve a magyar társadalom jövedelmi egyenlőtlenségeinek leírásához. Ennek érdekében több közismert társadalmi rétegződés-, illetve struktúramodellel történő összevetésben kerül vizsgálatra a jövedelmekkel való statisztikai összefüggés, reflektálva a különböző elméleti modellek érvényességének, illetve általánosíthatóságának problémájára is. Az eredmények alapján amellett érvelek, hogy a mai magyar társadalom jövedelmi egyenlőtlenségeinek megértéséhez nem kielégítőek azok az elméleti modellek, amelyek kizárólag piaci viszonyok között értelmezhető társadalmi kategóriákat konceptualizálnak.
Trianon és a holokauszt emlékezetpolitikai jellegzetességeinek elemzése természetesnyelv-feldolgozás használatával
Authors: Árpád Knap , Diána Bartha , Ildikó Barna
Published: December 2021

2020-ban volt a trianoni békeszerződés 100. és a második világháborús haláltáborok felszabadításának a 75. évfordulója. Ez a két történelmi esemény központi szerepet foglal el a nemzeti emlékezetben, ezáltal a mai napig identitásformáló erővel bír és a legmegosztóbb témák közé tartozik, elválasztva egymástól az ideológiai és politikai oldalakat. Kutatásunkban egy több tízezer cikkből álló, magyar nyelvű, online sajtóból gyűjtött, politikai oldalak mentén bontott szövegkorpuszt vizsgáltunk a kvantitatív természetesnyelv-feldolgozási eszközök körébe tartozó topikmodellezés, illetve kvalitatív szövegelemzés segítségével. Az elkülönített topikokban a heroizálás, áldozatiság, bűnösség és hatálytalanítás fogalmainak előfordulását és jellegzetességeit elemeztük, bemutatva, hogy az egyes politikai oldalak milyen narratívában tárgyalják a két témát. Az elemzésünk kvalitatív részét összevetettük a magyar emlékezetpolitikát tárgyaló cikkek fő értelmezési keretével, bemutatva a hagyományosan is megjelenő passzív áldozati szerep aktuális jelenlétét, az áldozatok és hősök szerepének összemosását, a Trianon és a holokauszt kapcsán megjelenő, tabusítottnak számító narratívákat, valamint a felelősségvállalás hiányát. A „hősök” szerepében leggyakrabban a világháborús katonák, valamint a külhoni magyarok jelennek meg. Az áldozati narratíva szinte elválaszthatatlanul összekapcsolódik a hősökről kialakult képpel: a külhoni magyarok egyszerre jelennek meg mindkét szerepben, a passzív áldozati szerep pedig a magyar nép egészére jellemző. A hatálytalanítás hiányát aktuálpolitikai példán szemléltetjük. A bűnösséggel kapcsolatban a szélsőjobboldal kivételével nem találunk egységes narratívát. Összességében Trianon egy passzív áldozati szereppel kapcsolódott össze az elemzett cikkekben, míg a holokauszt kapcsán az egyes politikai oldalak narratívája még formálódik.
Azonos elhívás, eltérő esélyek. A lelkésznők helyzetének szakirodalmi áttekintése
Authors: Emőke Török , Emese Biró
Published: December 2021

Tanulmányunk áttekintést nyújt a nők lelkészi szerepvállalásához kapcsolódó szakirodalom jellemző megközelítéseiről és problémafelvetéseiről, valamint legfontosabb kutatási eredményeiről, bemutatva azokat a fontosabb nemzetközi tudományos diskurzusokat, amelyekben elhelyezhetőek a magyarországi protestáns lelkésznők helyzetével kapcsolatos vizsgálódások. Tanulmányunk fókuszában az áll, hogyan jelennek meg a szakirodalomban a nemi alapú egyenlőtlenségek az egyházakban, és ezek mennyiben működnek másképp vagy éppen hasonlóan a világi pályákon tapasztaltakhoz. Áttekintjük azt is, hogy a kutatások szerint milyen mechanizmusok akadályozzák vagy éppen támogatják a lelkésznők hivatásbeli és családi szerepeinek összeegyeztetését és a munka-magánélet egyensúly megteremtését, és ezek hogyan befolyásolják a nők lelkészi szerepvállalását, illetve okoznak-e férfi kollégáikhoz képest hátrányokat a lelkészi pályán. Kitérünk továbbá arra, hogyan működnek a nők az egyházi pályán, hogyan változik ezzel összefüggésben maga a lelkészi szerep, és mindez hogyan hat a nők és a férfiak helyzetére az egyházban.
YouTube As a Source of Information on ‘Manual Blood Pressure Measurement’
Authors: Yılmaz Mehmet Fatih , Kalkan Sedat
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The aim of the study is to evaluate the quality and reliability of videos on manual blood pressure measurement on YouTube.

Patients and Methods: In January 2021, the first 100 videos found as a result of a search with the keywords ‘manual blood pressure measurement’ on YouTube were watched and evaluated. Based on the exclusion criteria, 75 videos were included in the study. Duplicate videos, irrelevant videos, and videos in languages other than English were excluded from the study. Each video was scored according to the questions prepared based on the guidelines. The GQS score and the ‘reliability’ score were used to assess the quality of the videos.

Results: According to the checklist prepared based on the hypertension consensus report, the mean score of the videos was 8.33 ± 2.1. When the videos were evaluated according to their sources, the average score of the videos of the health sites was 9 ± 2.5, the average score of the videos of the individual healthcare professionals was 8.66 ± 1.8, the average score of the videos of unidentified individuals was 7.54 ± 2.1.

Conclusion: Manual blood pressure measurement videos on YouTube have little educational value. Videos of health websites should be preferred for education.
The Puzzle of Dutch Welfare Solidarity and the Politics of Old Age Pension Reform (1945-1975)
Authors: Oude Nijhuis Dennie
Published: December 2021

During the first three decades of the post-war period, the Netherlands developed a system of welfare provision that by most standards belonged to the most equitable and solidaristic in the world. It did so under the patronage of Christian democratic governments, which are generally viewed as being predisposed to rejecting solidaristic welfare reform. The purpose of this article is to explain why the Dutch Christian democrats came to adopt such a solidaristic welfare stance during the formative post-war period of welfare state expansion. Rather than attributing this stance to electoral or strategic considerations, this article focuses on the formative role of the Christian democratic labour union movement in persuading these parties to gradually adopt a more solidaristic welfare stance.In de eerste drie decennia van de naoorlogse periode ontwikkelde Nederland een stelsel van sociale voorzieningen dat naar de meeste maatstaven tot het meest rechtvaardige en solidaristische ter wereld behoorde. Dit stelsel kwam tot stand met steun van christendemocratische regeringen, waarvan over het algemeen wordt aangenomen dat zij geneigd zijn solidaristische welzijnshervormingen af te wijzen. Het doel van dit artikel is om te verklaren waarom de Nederlandse christendemocraten een solidaristische welvaartskoers zijn gaan varen in de naoorlogse periode, een tijdvak dat gekenmerkt werd door uitbreiding van de verzorgingsstaat. In plaats van deze houding toe te schrijven aan electorale of strategische overwegingen, richt dit artikel zich op de christendemocratische vakbeweging. Deze speelde een invloedrijke rol in het overreden van christendemocratische partijen om geleidelijk een meer solidaristische welvaartshouding aan te nemen.
Spillovers Between Institutional Interactions Index, Market Risk and Return: Case of Turkey (2007-2020)
Authors: DURSUN Serap , UZUNOĞLU Sadi , ÖZDURAK Caner
Published: December 2021

One of the key components of political stability is relations with institutions, which refers to the relationships between the government and higher judicial organ, government and presidency, government and military bureaucracy, government civil bureaucracy and independent economic institutions, and relations with international institutions. The importance of institutions for economic development and stability has been thoroughly discussed by both the old and new schools of institutional economics, who developed theses against the Classical and Neo-Classical paradigms. In the study, we utilized VAR-VECH-TARCH models to understand spillover effects between our newly introduced Institutional Interaction Index (II), markets returns (BIST 100, FX), and risks (CDS). The Institutional Interaction Index, the novelty of this paper, was obtained from data published daily by S. Bilişim. According to the results especially in the long-term spillover exists between all variables. The results from this study support institutionalist approaches. As the relations with institutions deteriorate, BIST100 and FX rate volatilities, that is, instability, increases due to the increase in market risks.
Homeopathic use of modern drugs: therapeutic application of the organism paradoxical reaction or rebound effect
Authors: Teixeira Marcus Zulian
Published: December 2021

When Samuel Hahnemann systematized homeopathy and the effects of drugs on the state of human health, he described the primary action of drugs and the following secondary and opposite reaction of the organism. Seeking to apply this secondary action or vital reaction of the organism as therapeutic method, he postulated the principle of similitude, i.e. the prescription to ill individuals of drugs that cause similar symptoms in the healthy (similia similibus curentur). In modern pharmacology, secondary action (vital reaction) of drugs is known as rebound effect or paradoxical reaction of the organism. It has been observed after discontinuation of several classes of palliative (enantiopathic) drugs, namely those that act according to the principle of contraries (contraria contrariis curentur). Although in this case it is associated with severe and fatal iatrogenic events, rebound effect might awaken a healing reaction when the very same drug is employed according to the principle of similitude. The validity of the principle of similitude is proved by scientific evidence on rebound effect, whereas conventional drugs primary (therapeutic, adverse and side) effects might be equated to pathogenetic manifestations and thus be homeopathically applied. For this purpose a homeopathic materia medica and repertory comprising 1,251 modern drugs was elaborated using the monographs described in The United States Pharmacopeia Dispensing Information as source (www.newhomeopathicmedicines.com). Thus, the therapeutic range of homeopathy is broadened through the addition of hundreds of new medicines that might be employed in every kind of disease including countless modern clinical syndromes.
Natrum mur 200c promotes seed germination and increases total protein, chlorophyll, rubisco and sugar in early seedlings of cowpea under salt stress
Authors: Mondal Sandhimita , Sukul Nirman Chandra , Sukul (nee Chunari) Soma
Published: December 2021

Background: High level of salinity deteriorates seed germination, growth and yield of crops in cultivated lands all over the world. There is no effective remedy to mitigate this global problem. Homeopathy offers a remedy like Natrum mur which at ultra high dilution ameliorates diseases of patients having strong desire for salt consumption. The purpose of the present study is to see whether potentized Natrum mur could alleviate salt stress in germinating seeds of cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.

Methods: Water-soaked seeds were kept over moist filter paper in covered petridishes which were divided into 5 groups: (1) unstressed and untreated control in sterile distilled water, (2) in 100mM sodium chloride solution, (3) seeds pretreated with Natrum mur 200c and then kept in sterile distilled water, (4) seeds pretreated with Natrum mur 200c and then transferred to 100mM NaCl solution and (5) seeds pretreated with 90% ethanol. Both Natrum mur 200 c and its diluent medium 90% ethanol were diluted with distilled water 1:100 before use for treatment.

Results: Natrum mur 200c increased the rate of seed germination, seed water content and growth of seedlings. The drug also enhanced chlorophyll, soluble and insoluble sugar, rubisco and total protein content as compared to the untreated salt stressed group. Treatment with Natrum mur 200c increased salt tolerance in the seedlings as compared to the untreated salt stressed group. All the data were analyzed by ANOVA and the significance level was not less than 1%.

Conclusion: Natrum mur 200c reversed the effects of salt stress in germinated seeds thereby providing evidence for HahnemannÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢s similia principle in plants. Potentized Natrum mur could be safely used with profit on plants grown on brackish soil.
OPTIMIZING BUS LINES USING GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
Authors: Bulut B. , Gunay M. , Ozgun K. , Ledet J. W.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Due to increasing human population, the need for quality public transportation has also increased. This study takes stop density, stop layout, and passenger population of those stops into consideration to offer a better regulated public transportation network design that can satisfy the increased demand. In this study, the boarding data is provided by the public transportation department of the city of Antalya, Turkey. Remaining required data was automatically generated using web services and stored in a PostgreSQL database hosted on a cloud server. After visualizing inputs such as bus routes, stop layout, and passenger density on Google Maps and KeplerGL, with the use of the K-Means algorithm, data was clustered to find ”hot” (i.e. attraction) areas on a macro scale. A novel means of connecting hot spots suggested by the outcome of the Genetic Algorithm was developed. To compare the effectiveness of the proposed approach with the existing network, current bus stops were mapped to the new domain. It was observed that a more efficient system was achieved by higher route efficiency and lower transfer counts.
COMPARISON OF SEGMENTATION METHODS USED FOR BONE FRACTURE IMAGES
Authors: Bütüner S. , Şehirli E.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The usage of computers and software in the biomedical field has been increasing and applications for doctors, clinicians, scientists and other users have been developed in the recent times. Manual, semi-automatic and fully automatic applications developed for bone fracture detection are one of the important studies in this field. Image segmentation, which is one of the image preprocessing steps in bone fracture detection, is an important step to obtain successful results with high accuracy. In this study, Otsu thresholding method, active contour method, k-means method, fuzzy c-mean method, Niblack thresholding method and max min thresholding range (MMTR) method are used on bone images obtained by Karabük University Training and Research Hospital. When any filters are not applied on images to remove noises, the most successful method is obtained by K-means method based on specificity and accuracy as 89,55% and 83,31% respectively. Niblack thresholding method has the highest sensitivity result as 92,45%.
ADAPTATION OF REMOTE PRACTICAL WORKS WITH SMART ELECTRONIC PLATFORM BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: El Gourari A. , Raoufi M. , Skouri M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Distance learning is part of the educational process and has received little attention in current scientific research. However, this type of learning is fundamental in scientific and technical disciplines. It can meet real needs and complement or compensate for classes by a range of advantages such as ensuring the mobility and overcrowding of students and teachers and maintaining a healthy atmosphere within the faculty, saving time and effort. We will have the opportunity to work with many students simultaneously, develop their skills and improve their ability to work in several ways. This paper aims to adapt the remote practical work with an intelligent electronic platform using artificial intelligence techniques for the success and continuation of the educational process. Additionally, we will measure how students interact with an intelligent platform that we have created. This platform has been developed with a software background of LabVIEW, PHP, HTML, CSS, Python, and some artificial intelligence algorithms capable of managing and controlling remote practical work done by students.
MODELING AND ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF LAND USE IN THE WESTERN RIF REGION, MOROCCO, ON WATER QUALITY
Authors: Fattah G. , Ghrissi F. , Mabrouki J. , Al-Jadabi N.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The Western Rif is a rural area characterized by rock extraction and agriculture. As a result, the surface of the land in the region is exposed to different sources of contamination which alters the quality of the soil. Leaching of the soil and runoff to surface water may impact the quality of surface water used by local people. A mapping of the land use by GIS of an area located at the level of the western Rif was carried out then an analysis of the interactions between the uses of the land; the practices, the quality of the surface layer of the soil and the quality of the water were made. Thanks to the processing of satellite images and to samples on the ground and assays of the physic-chemical parameters of soils and water (T °, pH, MES, turbidity, Nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus, nitrogen, etc.). The results of these analyzes revealed that these activities lead to an alteration in the quality of the surface layer of the soil, its characterization of which changes depending on the land use. Surface water is endowed with the components identified in the soil. This reveals that land use has generally negative physical and chemical impacts on surface waters.
AI_COVID: AUTOMATIC DIAGNOSIS OF COVID-19 USING FRONTAL CHEST X-RAY IMAGE
Authors: Allaouzi I. , Benamrou B. , Allaouzi A. , Ouardouz M. , Ben Ahmed M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. With the continued growth of confirmed cases of COVID-19, a highly infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2, there is an urgent need to find ways to help clinicians fight the virus by reducing the workload and speeding up the diagnosis of COVID-19. In this work, we propose an artificial intelligence solution “AI_COVID” which can help radiologists to know if the lungs are infected with the virus in just a few seconds.AI_COVID is based on a pre-trained DenseNet-121 model that detects subtle changes in the lungs and an SVM classifier that decides whether these changes are caused by COVID-19 or other diseases. AI_COVID is trained on thousands of frontal chest x-rays of people who have contracted COVID-19, healthy people, and people with viral or bacterial pneumonia. The experimental study is tested on 781 chest x-rays from two publicly available chest x-ray datasets COVID-19 radiography database and COVIDx Dataset. The performance results showed that our proposed model (DenseNet-121 + SVM) demonstrated high performance and yielded excellent results compared to the current methods in the literature, with a total accuracy of 99.74% and 98.85% for binary classification (COVID-19 vs. No COVID-19) and multi-class classification (COVID-19 vs. Normal vs. Pneumonia), respectively.
Rethinking and Reinventing Intercultural Education in Post-Secondary Institutions: A Critical, Anti-Colonial Approach
Authors: Karsgaard Carrie
Published: December 2021

Critical and anti-colonial scholarship helps us imagine how intercultural education might begin to address the power imbalances inherent to issues of culture and epistemology. This paper reflexively dialogues anti-colonial theory with my own experiments of practically implementing these theories within the Intercultural Program (IP), an extracurricular program at a Canadian postsecondary institution, to demonstrate possibilities for shaping intercultural education towards ethical ends. Through curriculum, programming, and community-building that is cocreated with students, the IP aspires to shape intercultural education towards social justice and equity, opening spaces for engagement with nondominant epistemologies, and promoting the critical thinking necessary for evaluating the historical, economic, political, social, and ethical implications of students’ own and others’ positions. At the same time, the IP provides a helpful site for exploring the challenges of doing critical work in an internationalizing institution, and the need, perhaps, to move intercultural education away from internationalization within higher education.
Editorial
Authors: Beck Kumari , Lemaire Eva , Teng Elaine
Published: December 2021

Editorial in English and French.
Is the library for “every body”? Examining fatphobia in library spaces through online library furniture catalogues
Authors: Chabot Roger
Published: December 2021

Despite Library and Information Science’s engagement with other matters of social justice, nearly no scholarly attention has been paid to fat issues within the library. Through the critical lens of the author’s own experiences as a fat Library and Information Science scholar, a critical discourse analysis of online library furniture catalogues reveals the exclusionary ways in which they perpetuate fatphobic body size standards. Given that library spaces are often considered a cornerstone of modern democratic societies, and that librarianship claims to champion ideals such as universal access to information, the exclusion of fat bodies in library spaces is problematic.
Does culture need explaining?
Authors: Meyrick Julian
Published: December 2021

This keynote paper focuses on the relationship between the idea of culture and the different ways it is talked about in the contemporary world. The media, the Academy, the creative professions and public policy all provide different discursive regimes in which key terms describe and evaluate artworks and cultural experiences. Words are shared but their context of use is not. We think (as critics, academics, artists and policy-makers) we are talking about the same thing, equal participants in ‘the rhetorical economy’. But in reality we occupy radically different subject positions. Referencing Matthew Arnold’s Culture andAnarchy, the paper teases out the implications of functional cultural provision for one area in particular: the ‘fit’ between the categories of government policy and the idiosyncratic processes of creative practice. Can the state define culture save as a general figure? Can it measure artistic value in any but an aggregate way? What are the implications for the language of cultural reporting, and the relationship between the artist and the state, with the ‘cultural industries’ now representing 3.6% of Australia’s GDP?