bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personality, Internet Addiction, and Other Technological Addictions
Authors: Hussain Zaheer , Pontes Halley M.
Published: May 2019

There has been a significant shift from the view that addictions are disorders involving compulsive drug usage to a view that non-substance related behaviors may now be considered addictions. There is evidence to suggest that people are showing signs of addiction to non-substance-related behaviors. Research into technological addictions, such as internet addiction, smartphone addiction and social networking addiction has exponentially increased over the last decade. Understanding how technological addictions relate to personality and key individual differences is important. This chapter provides renewed empirical and conceptual insights into technological addictions and how they may be related to different personality types and key individual differences. The complex nature of personality and technological addictions is discussed together with areas for future research.
Simulation of Electrical Heating of Materials in Metallic Capacity of Cylindrical Form
Authors: Pivnyak Gennadiy , Dreshpak Natalia , Vypanasenko Stanislav , Meshcheryakov Leonid , Zaika Liudmyla , Potempa Michał
Published: May 2019

Electrical and thermal processes, occurring while heating materials in metallic capacities of cylindrical form, are examined. The peculiarities of those processes are defined, and it is shown that their essence is in the way of distributing the sources of heat, while using different methods of electrical heating, in the change of properties of the heated material under varying temperature and in the course of the process in time. Mathematical model to calculate the thermal process, taking place in the heated material, taking into consideration the changes of its thermal parameters, as well as the character of the controlling electrical actions, is developed. On the basis of differential equation of the process of heating and boundary conditions, difference equations are formed, which allow to solve the task by numerical method. The solution is carried out by the method of passing. Analytical dependences to determine the coefficient of the method of passing, and temperature in the random point of the heated material are obtained. It is proposed to carry out the correction of the thermal parameters of the heated material while calculating the coefficients in the process f the “direct” course of the method of passing. The values of temperature of the material, obtained in the period of the preceding “reverse” course of passing, are taken into consideration with that. The opportunity to concentrate the sources of heat both in the internal and external covers of the installation is realized. The change of intensity of their action in time is possible, and that allows to reproduce a wide range of the controlling actions. Algorithm for task solution on the electronic computer is developed. The example for calculating the thermal process of concrete heating in winter time is considered.
Application of Markov chains to Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in São Francisco River Basin
Authors: Santos Esdras Adriano Barbosa dos , Stosic Tatijana , Barreto Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho , Campos Laélia , Silva Antonio Samuel Alves da
Published: May 2019

This work evaluated dry and rainy conditions in the subregions of the São Francisco River Basin (BHSF) using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Markov chains. Each subregion of the BHSF has specific physical and climatic characteristics. The data was obtained from the National Water Agency (ANA), collected by four pluviometric stations (representative of each subregion), covering 46 years of data, from 1970 to 2015. The SPI was calculated for the time scales of six and twelve months and transition probabilities were obtained using the Markov chain. Transition matrices showed that, at both scales, if the climate conditions were severe drought or rainy, switching to another class would be unlikely in the short term.  Correlating this information with the probabilities of the stationary distribution, it was possible to find the regions that are most likely to be under rainy or dry weather in the future. The recurrence times calculated for the stations that belong to the semi-arid region were smaller when compared to the value of the return period of the representative station of Upper São Francisco that has higher levels of precipitation, confirming the predisposition of the semi-arid region to present greater chances of future periods of drought.
Sobolev’s Inequality for Riesz Potentials of Functions in Musielak–Orlicz–Morrey Spaces Over Non-doubling Metric Measure Spaces
Authors: Ohno Takao , Shimomura Tetsu
Published: May 2019

Our aim in this paper is to establish a generalization of Sobolev’s inequality for Riesz potentials$I_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}(\,\cdot \,),\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}f$of order$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}(\,\cdot \,)$with$f\in L^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7},\unicode[STIX]{x1D705},\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}}(X)$over bounded non-doubling metric measure spaces. As a corollary we obtain Sobolev’s inequality for double phase functionals with variable exponents.
Forest certification, state regulation and community empowerment: complementarity in seeking a viable solution to forest degradation in Indonesia?
Authors: Alam Shawkat , Herawati Tuti , Hidayat Herman , Wyatt Stephen
Published: May 2019

For developing countries like Indonesia, the advantages enjoyed by developed countries – of political stability and highly regulated systems of land tenure and ownership – are elusive, leading to a situation in which state intervention in forest governance is met with resistance and faces significant hurdles. Recognizing the challenges facing implementation of Indonesia's current systems of certification, and the failure thus far of government efforts to stem illegal forestry activity, this article examines the influence of certification on sustainable forest management (SFM) in Indonesia. In particular, the question of how certification requirements interact with both the domestic regulatory framework and expectations for community participation and engagement is considered. The article begins by reviewing Indonesian efforts to implement SFM, as well as the basis of certification systems; before examining Indonesian experience with forest certification, drawing both upon previously published studies and field research by the authors. Finally, the article considers complementarity in government, private and community initiatives in SFM and how regulatory reform in support of a more participatory approach could contribute to achieving these goals. The development of the Indonesian voluntary forestry certification process shows that both certification schemes and government regulation provide advantages and disadvantages in improving the sustainability of forest management and in controlling illegal activities. An increased role for communities, small-scale producers and traditional forest users appears important in the Indonesian context, providing additional options and capacity for sustainable forest management.
Communicating with 4-H Stakeholders: Examining Social Media Use in Rural and Urban Programs
Authors: Beattie Peyton N. , Lamm Dr. Alexa J. , Bunch Dr. JC , Lundy Dr. Lisa K.
Published: May 2019

Traditionally, 4-H agents have been communicating with stakeholders through newsletters; either in print or online. 4-H agents have used social media as an additional tool to communicate with their stakeholders since its introduction. Social media communication can help maintain or increase stakeholder involvement in the 4-H program because a large percentage of the population is active on social media. Using Uses and Gratifications Theory and Diffusion of Innovations Theory as frameworks, this study sought to determine how Florida 4-H agents engaged with their stakeholder audiences using social media, and vice versa. The uses and gratifications motivations for engaging in media were used to understand what motivations were used to engage their audience and what type of posts (according to motivation) stakeholders were engaged in most. The diffusion of innovations innovation-decision process helped to understand the audiences’ decision to engage in posts dependent upon the motivation used. The results of this study concluded the selected 4-H programs differed in the content that they posted but the 4-H stakeholders did not differ in how they engaged in their respective programs posts.
The AquiFR hydrometeorological modelling platform as a tool for
improving groundwater resource monitoring over France:
evaluation over a 60 year period
Authors: Vergnes Jean-Pierre , Roux Nicolas , Habets Florence , Ackerer Philippe , Amraoui Nadia , Besson François , Caballero Yvan , Courtois Quentin , de Dreuzy Jean-Raynald , Etchevers Pierre , Gallois Nicolas , Leroux Delphine J. , Longuevergnes Laurent , Le Moigne Patrick , Morel Thierry , Munier Simon , Regimbeau Fabienne , Thiéry Dominique , Viennot Pascal
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The new AquiFR hydometeorological modelling platform was developed to provide short to long-term forecasts for groundwater resource management in France. The present study aims to describe and assess this new tool over a long-term period of 60 years. This platform gathers in a single numerical tool different hydrogeological models covering much of the French metropolitan area. Eleven aquifer systems are simulated through spatially distributed models using either the MARTHE groundwater modelling software or the EauDyssée hydrogeological platform. Twenty-three karstic systems are simulated by lumped models using the EROS software. AquiFR computes the groundwater level, the groundwater surface water exchanges, and the river flows at multiple river gauging stations. A simulation covering a 60 year period from 1958 to 2018 is achieved in order to evaluate the performance of this platform. The 8 km resolution SAFRAN meteorological reanalysis provides the atmospheric variables needed by the SURFEX land surface model in order tocompute surface runoff that are used by all the hydrogeological models. The assessment is based on a wide range of selected piezometers as well as gauging stations corresponding to simulated rivers and outlets of karstic systems. For the simulated piezometric heads, 40 % and 60 % of the absolute biases are lower than 2 m and 4 m respectively. The Standardized Piezometric Level Index (SPLI) was computed to assess the ability of AquiFR to identify extreme events such as groundwater flooding or droughts in long-term simulations over a set of piezometers used for groundwater resource management. 55 % of the Nash-Sutcliff scores calculated between the observed and simulated SPLI time series are greater than 0.5. Further work will focus on the use of this platform for short-term to seasonal forecasts in an operational mode and for climate change impact assessment.
Anatomy of the magmatic plumbing system of Los Humeros Caldera (Mexico): implications for geothermal systems
Authors: Lucci Federico , Carrasco-Núñez Gerardo , Rossetti Federico , Theye Thomas , White John C. , Urbani stefano , Azizi Hossein , Asahara Yoshihiro , Giordano Guido
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Understanding the anatomy of magma plumbing systems of active volcanoes is essential not only for unraveling magma dynamics and eruptive behaviors, but also to define the geometry, depth and temperature of the heat sources for geothermal exploration. The Pleistocene-Holocene Los Humeros volcanic complex is part of the Eastern Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Central Mexico) and it represents one of the most important exploited geothermal fields in Mexico with ca. 90 MW of produced electricity. A field-based petrologic and thermobarometric study of lavas erupted during the Holocene (post-Caldera stage) has been performed with the aim to decipher the anatomy of the magmatic plumbing system existing beneath the caldera. New petrographical, whole rock major element data and mineral chemistry were integrated within a suite of inverse thermobarometric models. Compared with previous studies where a single voluminous melt-controlled magma chamber (or "Standard Model") at shallow depths was proposed, our results support a more complex and realistic scenario characterized by a heterogeneous multilayered system comprising a deep (ca. 30 km) basaltic reservoir feeding progressively shallower and smaller distinct stagnation layers, pockets and batches up to very shallow conditions (1 kbar, ca. 3 km). Evolution of melts in the feeding system is mainly controlled by differentiation processes via fractional crystallization, as recorded by polybaric crystallization of clinopyroxenes and orthopyroxenes. Moreover, this study attempts to emphasize the importance to integrate field-petrography, texture observations and mineral chemistry of primary minerals to unravel the pre-eruptive dynamics and therefore the anatomy of the plumbing system beneath an active volcanic complex, which notwithstanding the numerous existing works is still far to be well understood. A better knowledge of the heat source feeding geothermal systems is very important to improve geothermal exploration strategies.
Time-lapse monitoring of root water uptake using electrical resistivity tomography and Mise-à-la-Masse: a vineyard infiltration experiment
Authors: Mary Benjamin , Peruzzo Luca , Boaga Jacopo , Cenni Nicola , Schmutz Myriam , Wu Yuxin , Hubbard Susan S. , Cassiani Giorgio
Published: May 2019

Abstract. This paper presents a time-lapse application of electrical methods (Electrical Resistivity Tomography – ERT – and Mise-à-la-Masse – MALM) for monitoring plant roots and their activity (root water uptake) during a controlled infiltration experiment. The use of non-invasive geophysical monitoring is of increasing interest as these techniques provide time-lapse imaging of processes that otherwise can only be measured at few specific spatial locations. The experiment here described was conducted in a vineyard in Bordeaux (France) and was focused on the behaviour of two neighbouring grapevines. The joint application of ERT and MALM has several advantages. While ERT in time-lapse mode is sensitive to changes in soil electrical resistivity and thus to the factors controlling it (mainly soil water content, in this context), MALM uses DC current injected in a tree stem to image where the plant-root system is in effective electrical contact with the soil at locations that are likely to be the same where root water uptake (RWU) takes place. Thus ERT and MALM provide complementary information about the root structure and activity. The experiment shows that the region of likely electrical current sources produced by MALM does not change significantly during the infiltration study time in spite of the strong changes of electrical resistivity caused by changes in soil water content. This fact, together with the evidence that current injection in the soil produces totally different patterns, corroborates the idea that this application of MALM highlights the active root density in the soil. When considering the electrical resistivity changes (as measured by ERT) inside the stationary volume of active roots delineated by MALM, the overall tendency is towards a resistivity increase, which can be linked to a decrease in soil water content caused by root water uptake. On the contrary, when considering the soil volume outside the MALM-derived root water uptake region, the electrical resistivity tends to decrease as an effect of soil water content increase caused by the infiltration. The results are particularly promising, and the method can be applied to a variety of scales including the laboratory scale where direct evidence of roots structure and root water uptake can help corroborate the approach. Once fully validated, the joint use of MALM and ERT can be used as a valuable tool to study the activity of roots under a wide variety of field conditions.
Mapeando master classes em instrumento musical: um olhar quantitativo sobre as relações entre professor, aluno e performance nesse formato de ensino
Authors: Zorzal Ricieri Carlini , Coimbra Daniela Da Costa
Published: May 2019

Este artigo objetiva mapear as relações de tempo estabelecidas entre professor, aluno e suas respectivas performances em um contexto de master class. Para tanto, o conceito de master class é inicialmente discutido e um breve panorama de pesquisas na área é apresentado. Em termos metodológicos, adota-se uma amostra de 130 master classes de violão, as quais foram gravadas em festivais de música sediados no Brasil e em Portugal. Essas master classes são analisadas conforme os seguintes parâmetros: 1) duração média; 2) relação entre a duração da obra executada pelo aluno e a duração da master class; 3) relação entre fala do professor, fala do aluno, performance do professor e performance do aluno; e 4) o momento em que a obra executada pelo aluno ocorre em uma master class. Os resultados indicam que: 1) a duração média de uma master class é de pouco mais de meia hora, mas é passível de grande variabilidade; 2) a duração da obra executada pelo aluno exerce apenas moderada influência na duração final de uma master class; 3) as master classes são dominadas pela fala do professor e pela performance do aluno; e 4) há um recorrente, porém curto, intervalo de tempo que precede a performance do aluno e que parece haver indícios que esse momento é de extrema importância para efetividade da aula. Por fim, esses resultados são discutidos em termos de futuras pesquisas de cunho qualitativo.
Paisagem sonora como conceito: tudo ou nada?
Authors: Aragão Thaís Amorim
Published: May 2019

Neste artigo, serão discutidos questionamentos que vêm emergindo nos últimos anos sobre paisagem sonora e sobre como ela vem sendo usada academicamente. O objetivo é compor um quadro crítico para uma melhor compreensão do que implica evocar essa ideia em pesquisas sobre som nos dias de hoje, cinquenta anos depois do surgimento do World Soundscape Project na Simon Fraser University. Esse quadro pode nos ajudar a articular de maneira mais adequada a ideia de paisagem sonora ou eventualmente reavaliar a necessidade de convocá-la, em favor do rigor em sua adoção como conceito e na condução de análises em que ela é tomada como parâmetro.
Local Government Administration in Nigeria: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Adeyemi Oluwatobi O.
Published: May 2019

Local government administration in Nigeria is as old as history and its dated back pre-colonial era. It had been part of system of government among ethnic groups in Nigeria particularly the Yoruba in the West, Hausa/Fulani in the North and the Igbo in the East. Each ethnic group operating it as it suits their cultural value. Under colonial administration, it was known as indirect rule system. It was an attempt to govern the people through their chief. At independence and thereafter, the system has since been restructured and reorganized depending on the regime and the nature of government in power. These changes have made it to pass through series of uncertainties and with peculiar characteristics. The paper, therefore, examines the historical development of local government in Nigerian state. The research methodology is carried out through the use of secondary data. However, the paper founds out that, the current state of Local Government in Nigeria is characterised by unbridled interference of the State Government and therefore recommends that, there is need to review the Constitution to make Local Government autonomous especially on the issues of fiscal power, functions and responsibilities.
Detecting Creative Accounting in Businesses in Financial Distress
Authors: Arnis Nikolaos , Karamanis Konstantinos , Kolias Georgios
Published: May 2019

This paper investigates whether the management of firms in financial distress applies creative accounting techniques in order to fine-tune the elements of their financial statements. For this purpose, the financial statements of 385 Greek bankrupt firms of the trade and manufacturing sectors for the period 2003 to 2014 were analyzed. The sample was divided into two sub periods; in the period before the financial crisis, that is from 2003 to 2008, and the period 2009 to 2014 during which the Greek economy was in crisis and recession. By applying factor analysis, five financial ratios were selected, which formed the independent variables in a Discriminant Analysis (MDA) and Logit models in order to find those firms  which, while they were bankrupt they were classified in the last period of their operation as healthy (type I error).By selecting these firms  (common to both models), their accounting data for the last two years before they went bankrupt have been investigated in order to determine whether they have been affected by the application of creative accounting methods. The results showed that the management of some of the selected firms applied creative accounting techniques during the last year of operation before their bankruptcy, which led to the manipulation and falsification of the published financial statements during the period before the financial crisis. However, this is not the case for the period 2009 to 2014, because the economic crisis affects the behavior of managers in applying creative accounting, which is owing to the changes in market rules.
Decentralisatie, schaalvergroting en lokale democratie
Authors: Boogers Marcel , Reussing Rik
Published: May 2019

Decentralization, scaling-up and local democracy

In this article in the series on the local democratic audit, the authors discuss the relationship between decentralization, scaling-up and local democracy. Decentralizations and scaling-up operations have changed the face of local government in the Netherlands considerably in recent decades. What have the consequences for the functioning of local democracy been? Although decentralizations aim to increase democratic control of government tasks, decentralizations appear to have weakened local democracy in two ways. First of all, they have led to a substantial scaling-up of the local government, through municipal amalgamations and especially through the formation of regional partnerships. Regionalization in particular has had all kinds of negative consequences for the functioning of local democracy. Decentralization policy itself has also weakened the steering and controlling role of the city council – certainly in the short term – while decentralization presupposes that the city council has a strong role in coordinating decentralized policy with local wishes and circumstances. We can speak of a ‘double decentralization paradox’ that entails both bottlenecks and opportunities. From the legislator’s side, therefore, an integral vision for the organization of domestic governance is needed.
Van transitie naar transformatie van de jeugdhulp
Authors: Boerma Nanko , Bröcking Bert
Published: May 2019

From transition to transformation of youth aid. Does the transaction cost theory offer starting points for better quality, less implementation costs and lower administrative costs?

In the implementation of the Dutch Youth Act, since the so-called ‘transition’ of 2015 under the responsibility of the municipalities, there are three major problems: the municipalities are short of money, the implementation of youth aid is accompanied by high administrative burdens and there are serious quality concerns, especially where different care providers must work together for one client. This article deals with the possibilities of the economic transaction cost theory for realizing improvements through organizing more effective collaboration between municipalities and healthcare providers. Transactions are a ‘forgotten’ cost source. There are three sources of transaction costs: limited rationality, opportunistic behavior and ‘asset specificity.’ In this article the authors analyze twelve problems documented in the literature on youth care from this perspective. This creates a framework from which municipalities can tackle these problems in order to improve the quality of youth care, to keep costs under control and to reduce the administrative burden. In a number of sectors and large projects ‘linking zones’ appear to be a way to increase the trust between players in a chain, so that transaction costs fall. Where poor cooperation between chain partners in youth care is a major cause of the problems, municipalities can make significant gains by establishing linking zones with care providers contracted by them. This article outlines the method in a linking zone.
Een wolf onder de wolven. Ethiek en Ethische Commissies in criminologisch onderzoek naar ‘the powerful’
Authors: Faria Rita , Eski Yarin
Published: May 2019

A wolf among wolves: Ethics committees in criminological research on the powerful

For quite some years now, crimes of ‘the powerful’ have been studied by criminologists. While researching crimes of ‘the powerful’, researchers aim to maintain and safeguard their integrity and ethics. However, there seems to be a friction between, on the one hand, ethics of the researchers themselves and on the other hand, ethics (policies) of universities. Obviously, not only do they have to justify their actions and decisions to themselves and ‘science’ as a whole, they must justify their research to ethics committees (EC’s) of universities. It could result in complex and difficult situations when researchers suspect that EC’s themselves may be instruments and products of the powerful groups they are studying. In that case, EC’s might undermine ethics and research integrity themselves. What do certain EC- ‘conditions’ look like for research ethics and to which extent do they have to be adjusted or reconsidered when criminologists are researching ‘the powerful’? The key question that will be answered in this contribution is as follows: how can criminologist (re)act ethically responsibly when confronted with (un)ethical committees? To answer this and other relevant questions, after reviewing literature, we reflect on a biographical study of a legal arms trader. We then elaborate on the ‘ethics creep’ (Haggerty, 2004) that seems to haunt social sciences nowadays.
Real hypersurfaces of an almost hyperbolic Hermitian manifold
Authors: Shukla Sushil
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the present paper is to study real hyper surfaces of an almost hyperbolic Hermitian manifold.
On operator defined by double Zeta functions
Authors: Ibrahim Rabha , Darus Maslina
Published: May 2019

The aim of this paper is introducing an operator defined by generalized double zeta function involving the Riemann, Hurwitz, Hurwitz-Lerch and Barnes double zeta functions for analytic functions in the unit disc. Certain new subclasses of A using this operator are suggested. Some interesting properties of these classes are studied.
An interior inverse problem for the impulsive Dirac operator
Authors: Özkan Sinan , Amirov Rauf Kh.
Published: May 2019

In this study, an inverse problem for Dirac differential operators with discontinuities is studied. It is shown that the potential function can be uniquely determined by a set of values of eigenfunctions at some internal point and one spectrum.
DNA Quality and Quantity Analysis of Camellia sinensis Through Processing from Fresh Leaves to a Green Tea Extract
Authors: Faller Adam C. , Ragupathy Subramanyam , Shanmughanandhan Dhivya , Zhang Yanjun , Lu Zhengfei , Chang Peter , Swanson Gary , Newmaster Steven G.
Published: May 2019

Background: Although there has been some success using DNA barcoding to authenticate raw natural health product (NHP) botanical ingredients, there are many gaps in our understanding of DNA degradation, which may explain low PCR and sequencing success in processed NHPs. Objective:
In this study, we measured multiple DNA variables after each step in the processing of a green tea extract in order to document DNA quality and quantity. Methods: We sampled plant material after each step of green tea extract processing: five steps at a Chinese tea farm (n =
10) and five at an NHP processing facility (n = 3). We hypothesized that processing treatments degrade and remove DNA from NHPs, reflected by decreasing quantities of extractable genomic DNA (gDNA), an increasing proportion of small DNA fragments in genomic extracts, and decreasing
quantitative PCR (QPCR) efficiency [higher cycle threshold (Ct) values]. DNA from end-production green tea extract was sequenced in order to try to validate material as the botanical of interest. Results: We saw a 41.1% decrease in mean extractable gDNA through farm processing
(P < 0.01) and a 99.7% decrease through facility processing (P < 0.05). There was a 26.3% decrease in mean DNA fragment size through farm processing (P < 0.001) and an 82.0% decrease through facility processing (P < 0.05). QPCR efficiency was reduced
through processing, marked by significant increases in Ct values with 100 base pair (bp) and 200 bp PCR targets (P < 0.05), and an inability to amplify 300 bp targets when using DNA template from end-production green tea extract. Conclusions: Although there was
significant degradation and removal of DNA through processing, sufficiently intact DNA was able to be recovered from highly processed green tea extract for further sequencing and identification. Highlights: This work addresses a key gap in the understanding of DNA degradation through
processing and provides useful information to consider when designing molecular diagnostic techniques for NHP identification.
Performance Evaluation of LC-MS Methods for Multimycotoxin Determination
Authors: Pascale Michelangelo , De Girolamo Annalisa , Lippolis Vincenzo , Stroka Joerg , Mol Hans G.J. , Lattanzio Veronica M.T.
Published: May 2019

The co-occurrence of regulated mycotoxins in foods and feeds, together with modified (“masked”) and emerging mycotoxins, has been increasingly reported worldwide in recent years. Therefore, sensitive, accurate, and validated methods for the simultaneous determination of
these hazardous contaminants in different matrices are highly demanded to fulfil regulatory requirements and to carry out reliable surveillance programs. In these last years, LC-MS methodologies for multimycotoxin screening and/or quantification are being routinely used in control laboratories.
However, to date, only one European Standard for multimycotoxin determination is based on LC-MS (EN 16877:2016). The need for standardized LC-MS methods for multimycotoxin determination has been highlighted by regulatory authorities and scientific advisory bodies, including the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration and the European Commission. The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) has issued calls for tender for the development of standardized LC-MS methods for mycotoxins in food and animal feeding stuffs. As deliverables, some LC-MS based methods for multimycotoxin determination
are currently under approval as European Standards. In addition, the European Commission has recently established specific criteria with which screening methods for mycotoxins, including LC-MS methods, have to comply for use for regulatory purposes. Validation procedures by single-laboratory
and collaborative trials have been defined. This paper provides insights and advances on guidelines and tools for performance evaluation of LC-MS methods intended for quantitative determination and for semiquantitative screening of multimycotoxins. In particular, performance criteria set in
the European Union and the United States are critically overviewed, and expectations, needs, and future challenges relevant to LC-MS methods for multimycotoxin determination are also discussed.
The impact of networking behaviours and individual social capital related to work on perceived career satisfaction and its prospects: The case of Poland
Authors: Fryczyńska Marzena , Ivanova Alena
Published: May 2019

Social networks are an important variable which explain career issues such as career satisfaction, success, development and employment. However, research is often conducted separately from different theoretical perspective, i.e. social capital, social network analysis or networking, such that the comparison of findings across studies is difficult. The major question posed by our research concerns how employees' networking behaviours (behavioural perspective) and the individual social capital related to work (resource-based) influence the quality of careers. The discussion draws upon a survey carried out among employees (N=373) with a usage of American and Dutch research tools adapted to Polish conditions. Explanatory factor analysis followed to appoint adequate networking behaviours. Descriptive statistical and correlation analyses were then performed between variables in order to test the formulated hypotheses. The results of the study show that networking behaviour is a good predictor of career satisfaction and prospects, while individual social capital related to work is only related to career prospects. The influence of individual social capital related to work on career prospects is weaker than the influence of networking behaviours on career prospects. Thus, the behavioural perspective provides more explanations of career issues than the resources perspective. This paper contributes to the prior literature on individual social capital, networking behaviours and career issues by explaining how two different perspectives of social network influence career satisfaction and prospects. The value of the research is the usage of independent variables representing two different theoretical perspectives to test their impact on dependent variables i.e. career satisfaction and career prospects. The paper concludes with implications for further research and provides some hints for employees and organisations focused on successful work and career.
Texto y contexto. El Museo Nacional de Artes Decorativas como fuente en la investigación histórico-educativa
Authors: Villalba Salvador María
Published: May 2019

Este artículo estudia las correspondencias y paralelismos que existen en el contexto de creación del Museo Nacional de Artes Decorativas, antes Museo Nacional de Artes Industriales (MNAD), en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, con el Museo Pedagógico Nacional y los principios de la Institución Libre de Enseñanza. Señala las conexiones y semejanzas en cuanto a principios y actuaciones en los comienzos y en la misión de las dos instituciones, así como los referentes en el contexto europeo y español. Desde la constancia de numerosas coincidencias en planteamientos, modos de proceder y elementos coincidentes en las colecciones, se propone finalmente una vía de trabajo que ponga en valor la colección del MNAD y las piezas custodiadas en instituciones relacionadas con las artes aplicadas —bien sean museos o casas museo—, y las de los museos pedagógicos, para el aprendizaje y la enseñanza de la Historia el Arte y de la Historia de la Educación en España. Contemplar con la perspectiva del paso del tiempo el paralelismo entre los dos museos, produce una foto significativa de una parte de los intereses educativos y sociales del primer tercio del siglo XX en España.
Entrevista a Bernardo Riego Amézaga
Authors: Sureda García Bernat , Comas Rubí Francisca
Published: May 2019

Bernardo Riego Amézaga es profesor de la Universidad de Cantabria. Doctor en Historia Contemporánea, se ha especializado en historia de las imágenes, tema sobre el que ha publicado libros y artículos científicos de referencia. Su formación académica, sus inicios como investigador y docente, su experiencia en el mundo de la comunicación o su paso por la política son informaciones que aparecen en esta entrevista, entrelazadas con sus vivencias personales e irremediablemente unidas a cuestiones sobre las que Bernardo Riego reflexiona, y que abarcan desde aspectos metodológicos relacionados con la interpretación histórica de las imágenes hasta problemáticas actuales que afectan a la investigación y la docencia universitaria
Guidelines Insights: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Version 1.2019
Authors: Brown Patrick A. , Wieduwilt Matthew , Logan Aaron , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Wang Eunice S. , Fathi Amir , Cassaday Ryan D. , Litzow Mark , Advani Anjali , Aoun Patricia , Bhatnagar Bhavana , Boyer Michael W. , Bryan Teresa , Burke Patrick W. , Coccia Peter F. , Coutre Steven E. , Jain Nitin , Kirby Suzanne , Liu Arthur , Massaro Stephanie , Mattison Ryan J. , Oluwole Olalekan , Papadantonakis Nikolaos , Park Jae , Rubnitz Jeffrey E. , Uy Geoffrey L. , Gregory Kristina M. , Ogba Ndiya , Shah Bijal
Published: May 2019

Survival outcomes for older adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are poor and optimal management is challenging due to higher-risk leukemia genetics, comorbidities, and lower tolerance to intensive therapy. A critical understanding of these factors guides the selection of frontline therapies and subsequent treatment strategies. In addition, there have been recent developments in minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) testing and blinatumomab use in the context of MRD-positive disease after therapy. These NCCN Guidelines Insights discuss recent updates to the NCCN Guidelines for ALL regarding upfront therapy in older adults and MRD monitoring/testing in response to ALL treatment.
Current Status of MRI and PET in the NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mason Brandon R. , Eastham James A. , Davis Brian J. , Mynderse Lance A. , Pugh Thomas J. , Lee Richard J. , Ippolito Joseph E.
Published: May 2019

Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a significant source of morbidity and mortality for men in the United States, with approximately 1 in 9 being diagnosed with PCa in their lifetime. The role of imaging in the evaluation of men with PCa has evolved and currently plays a central role in diagnosis, treatment planning, and evaluation of recurrence. Appropriate use of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and MRI-guided transrectal ultrasound (MR-TRUS) biopsy increases the detection of clinically significant PCa while decreasing the detection of clinically insignificant PCa. This process may help patients with clinically insignificant PCa avoid the adverse effects of unnecessary therapy. In the setting of a known PCa, patients with low-grade disease can be observed using active surveillance, which often includes a combination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, serial mpMRI, and, if indicated, follow-up systematic and targeted TRUS-guided tissue sampling. mpMRI can provide important information in the posttreatment setting, but PET/CT is creating a paradigm shift in imaging standards for patients with locally recurrent and metastatic PCa. This article examines the strengths and limitations of mpMRI for initial PCa diagnosis, active surveillance, recurrent disease evaluation, and image-guided biopsies, and the use of PET/CT imaging in men with recurrent PCa. The goal of this review is to provide a rational basis for current NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for PCa as they pertain to the use of these advanced imaging modalities.
Documenting torture and ill-treatment of children and adolescents: Current practices and challenges
Authors: Mukamel Maya , Cohen Keren
Published: May 2019

If we are to work effectively towards achieving the WHO 2030 target to end torture and ill-treatment of children or to support litigation, advocacy, representation and care for children and young people who have survived such experiences, we must have the right tools to do so. Children and young people are fundamentally different from adults and the guidelines require a different framework to reflect this.
Effect of Compensation Package on Staff Intention to Quit in Technical University: A Structural Equation Approach
Authors: Agyapong Daniel , Asiamah Michael , Cudjoe Elorm Akusika
Published: May 2019

The paper analyses the compensation-intention to quit relationship in one of the technical universities in Ghana. Employing a descriptive survey design, data on the variables are collected using one hundred self-administered valid questionnaires. Data collected were analysed by means of structural equation modelling. The results show there is no significant relationship between intentions to quit and salary, incentives, allowance and fringe benefits. However, there was an inverse relationship between the dependent variable and the predictors. The result implies managers of such institutions do not focus only on monetary, but non-monetary rewards packages drawing their compensation plan. This study provides avenues for reviewing compensation packages of technical universities in order to motivate its employees to help prevent high labour turnover. The paper is among the few that employs the structural equation modelling in its analysis.
Improved differential evolutionary algorithm for nonlinear identification of a novel vibration‐assisted swing cutting system
Authors: Lu Mingming , Wang Hao , Zhao Dongpo , Lin Jieqiong , Gu Yan , Yi Allen
Published: May 2019

Vibration‐assisted swing cutting (VASC) is a new precision machining technology. VASC not only inherits the characteristics of EVC intermittent cutting but also alleviates the problem of EVC residual height. However, system identification is key if you want to achieve precise control. In order to solve this problem, a new improved differential evolutionary (IDE) algorithm is proposed to identify and optimize the Hammerstein‐Wiener model parameter in VASC system. IDE algorithm is applied to transform the identification problem of the model into the optimization problem in the parameter space, and the optimal solution of the parameter of the model in the parameter space is obtained. Meanwhile, the IDE algorithm and the conventional five differential evolutionary algorithms perform performance comparison tests on six different test functions. The test results show that the IDE algorithm is strengthening the global search capability, accelerate the convergence rate to the global optimal solution, and indicate that the IDE algorithm can be effectively applied to the parameter optimization of Hammerstein‐winner model. Based on the input and output data collected from the experiment, the accuracy of the identification model can be up to 98%, which prove the superiority of the proposed IDE algorithm for system identification.
Beyond Seashells: Bioinspired 2D Photonic and Photoelectronic Devices
Authors: Sun Ziqi , Liao Ting , Li Wenxian , Qiao Yanxin , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken)
Published: May 2019

The discovery of novel materials that possess extraordinary optical properties are of special interest, as they inspire systems for next‐generation solar energy harvesting and conversion devices. Learning from nature has inspired the development of many photonic nanomaterials with fascinating structural colors. 2D photonic nanostructures, inspired by the attractive optical properties found on the inner surfaces of seashells, are fabricated in a facile and scalable way. The shells generate shining clusters for preying on phototactic creatures through interaction with incident solar light in water. By alternately depositing graphene and 2D ultrathin TiO2 nanosheets to form 2D–2D heterostructures and homostructures, seashell‐inspired nanomaterials with well‐controlled parameters are successfully achieved. They exhibit exceptional interlayer charge transfer properties and ultrafast in‐plane electron mobility and present fascinating nacre‐mimicking optical properties and significantly enhanced light‐response behavior when acting as photoelectrodes. A window into the fabrication of novel 2D photonic structures and devices is opened, paving the way for the design of high‐performance solar‐energy harvesting and conversion devices.
Electrolyte‐Gated Synaptic Transistor with Oxygen Ions
Authors: Huang He‐Yi , Ge Chen , Zhang Qing‐Hua , Liu Chang‐Xiang , Du Jian‐Yu , Li Jian‐Kun , Wang Can , Gu Lin , Yang Guo‐Zhen , Jin Kui‐Juan
Published: May 2019

Artificial synaptic devices are the essential hardware of neuromorphic computing systems, which can simultaneously perform signal processing and information storage between two neighboring artificial neurons. Emerging electrolyte‐gated transistors have attracted much attention for efficient synaptic emulation by using an addition gate terminal. Here, an electrolyte‐gated synaptic device based on the SrCoOx (SCO) films is proposed. It is demonstrated that the reversible modulation of SCO phase transforms the brownmillerite SrCoO2.5 and perovskite SrCoO3−δ
, through controlling the insertion and extraction of oxygen ions with electrolyte gating. Nonvolatile multilevel conduction states can be realized in the SCO films following this route. The synaptic functions such as the long‐term potentiation and depression of synaptic weight, spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity, as well as spiking logic operations in the device are successfully mimicked. These results provide an alternative avenue for future neuromorphic devices via electrolyte‐gated transistors with oxygen ions.
Design Principles of Ionic Liquids for Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: Tanner Eden E. L. , Curreri Alexander M. , Balkaran Joel P. R. , Selig‐Wober Nadia C. , Yang Andrew B. , Kendig Carter , Fluhr Matthias P. , Kim Nicole , Mitragotri Samir
Published: May 2019

Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents have shown great promise in drug delivery applications. Choline‐based ILs, in particular choline and geranic acid (CAGE), have been used to enhance the transdermal delivery of several small and large molecules. However, detailed studies outlining the design principles of ILs for transdermal drug delivery are still lacking. Using two model drugs of differing hydrophilicities, acarbose and ruxolitinib and 16 ILs, the dependence of skin penetration on the chemical properties of ILs is examined. First, the impact of ion stoichiometry on skin penetration of drugs is assessed using CAGE, which evidences that a molar ratio of 1:2 of choline to geranic acid yields the highest delivery. Subsequently, variants of CAGE are prepared using anions with structural similarity to geranic acid and cations with structural similarity to choline at a ratio of 1:2. Mechanistic studies reveal that the potency of ILs in enhancing transdermal drug delivery correlates inversely with the inter‐ionic interactions as determined by 2D NMR spectroscopy. Using this understanding, a new IL is designed, and it provides the highest delivery of ruxolitinib of all ILs tested here. Overall, these studies provide a generalized framework for optimizing ILs for enhancing skin permeability.
Spore‐Based Water‐Resistant Water‐Responsive Actuators with High Power Density
Authors: Cakmak Onur , El Tinay Hassan O. , Chen Xi , Sahin Ozgur
Published: May 2019

Active materials and surfaces that are less intrusive and more compatible with humans and their environment are critical for robotic applications. Humidity‐ and water‐responsive materials are emerging as versatile alternatives to commonly used actuators in robotic systems, due to ease of actuation with humidity gradients and pervasiveness of water in the environment. However, these materials exhibit relatively low work densities and slow responses, and they are degraded when placed in direct contact with water. Recent work has shown that as a humidity‐responsive material, Bacillus spores exhibit high work density actuation. Here, spore‐based actuators containing water‐resistant UV‐curable adhesives are reported. These adhesives improve the work and power density of spore‐based actuators, allow patterning of actuators with lithographic approaches and, importantly, provide water resistance to the resulting actuators. As a result, it is possible to demonstrate spore‐based actuators driven directly with liquid water, which increase the actuation speed and power by nearly 100‐fold. These developments might facilitate broader use of humidity‐ and water‐driven actuators in robotics and related applications.