bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A OBSOLESCÊNCIA PROGRAMADA E O CONSUMO EXAGERADO: UMA ABORDAGEM PSICOLÓGICA
Authors: Santos Rosiane Rodrigues dos , Brasil Deilton Ribeiro
Published: April 2023

O Código de Direito do Consumidor é um dos mais importantes ramos do Direito, pois, visa salvaguardar a parte considerada hipossuficiente na relação de consumo. Pela sua natureza, o Direito do Consumidor é uma matéria de conteúdo coletivo e indisponível, ou seja, atua para proteger o direito individual, mas, também, a coletividade. Por ser indisponível, não se pode retirar ou suprimir direitos, devendo ser obedecidas as regras estabelecidas. Entretanto, existem questões de fato que podem permanecer invisível aos olhos do consumidor, mas, mesmo assim, é considerado uma prática abusiva e que causa danos. É o que ocorre com a prática da obsolescência programa, que tem como significado levar o consumidor a consumir cada vez mais determinado produto, pois, o fabricante passa a abordar aspectos psicológicos, e, até mesmo, provocando intencionalmente a pouca durabilidade dos produtos. É neste sentido que este trabalho irá desenvolver, tendo como hipótese levantada a seguinte pergunta: como ocorre a obsolescência programada voltada ao aspecto psicológico dos consumidores? Para responder esta pergunta, serão apontados os seguintes objetivos específicos: como é realizada a proteção integral do consumidor; como é detectável a prática de obsolescência programada; e quais aos danos no psicológico do consumidor. Ao final, será concluído que a obsolescência programada existe e é uma prática abusiva praticada pelo fabricante. O método utilizado é o dedutivo e como procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa bibliográfica, com enfoque em doutrinas, consultas a obras, documentos jurídicos, publicações pela internet e em revistas científicas e eletrônicas. A pesquisa é a documental com base nos Códigos e Leis, além de jurisprudência referente ao tema.
Lipid Profile in Early and Late Stage among Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome-Related Chronic Kidney Disease in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia in 2016−2019
Authors: Mahardika Haya Hanif , Widiasta Ahmedz , Rusmil Viramitha Kusnandi
Published: April 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem in children with an increased prevalence globally. CKD is strongly associated with Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) and dyslipidemia, which become a progressive factor of CKD. This study aimed to describe the lipid profile of children with CKD and NS in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: An observational-retrospective study was conducted with a cross-sectional design involving 150 medical records of children aged 1−18 years who were diagnosed with CKD with NS. Lipid profile data, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL, were collected from 2016−2019 using the total sampling method. Subjects with incomplete lipid profile data were excluded from the study.Results: Among the fifty-two children that were eligible and fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 88.5% were diagnosed with stage 1 CKD, and 32.7% were aged between 6−11 years and boys were predominant (67.3%). Lipid profile changes were found in the LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol serum levels between CKD stage I and II–V.Conclusions: Lipid profile of CKD pediatric patients with NS in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2016−2019 showed hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. Most subjects were in stage I of CKD and Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome, and comparison between stages of CKD and types of nephrotic syndrome is lacking. A prospective analytical study would be more reliable in proofing its significance.
Theoretical analysis of bond characteristics between steel bars and ultra-high-performance concrete
Authors: Hu Aoxiang , Du Jing
Published: April 2023

In order to investigate the bond and anchorage characteristics of steel bars embedded in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), Tepfers’ (1979) thick-walled cylinder theory and elastic mechanics theory were used to establish a theoretical calculation model of bond strength between deformed steel bars and UHPC under the conditions of splitting failure and pullout failure, respectively. The proposed calculation model was verified with a large number of test data from the literature and experiments conducted by the authors. Finally, the anchorage length of deformed steel bars in UHPC was calculated by the centre point method, the check point method and the design specification of normal concrete structure; recommended values of anchorage length are given based on anchorage reliability theory. The research results can provide design basis for design engineers, and are also a useful guideline for the popularisation and application of UHPC materials.
Modelling for determining the thermal conductivity of porous solid materials
Authors: Bicer Ayse , Devecioglu Atilla Gencer
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to develop a simple algebraic equation to calculate the effective thermal conductivities of porous solid materials, particularly concrete with porous aggregates. The components of the equation consisted of material porosity and density, and thermal conductivity coefficients of the matrix and pore gas. The equation was applied to ten samples of organic sediment stones, volcanic rocks and porous aggregates, including concrete with expanded clay, expanded polystyrene and pumice aggregates. The thermal conductivity coefficients given by the equation were higher than those measured experimentally (6.62–16.89%). The proposed equation was also compared with six algebraic equations. The results suggest that the proposed algebraic equation can be used to calculate the thermal conductivity coefficients of solid materials containing complex geometrical pores. The newly produced porous samples can be used as light concrete in building.
Ekonomizer, yoğuşmalı ekonomizer ve hava ön ısıtıcı tasarımları ile atık ısı geri kazanımının enerji ve ekonomik değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TERHAN Meryem , ÖZAĞDAŞ Emre , OMAR Muhammed Arslan
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, Kafkas Üniversitesi, bölgesel ısıtma sistemindeki kazanlardan çıkan baca gazlarının atık ısı kaybının yapılan yanma analizine göre yaklaşık % 6-8 arasında ve bu kayıp ısının yıllık giderinin 58.658,79 $ olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Enerji verimliliği ve ülke ekonomisi açısından bu kayıp enerjinin mümkün olduğunca geri kazanılarak yakıt ve enerji tasarrufu elde edilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Hava fazlalık katsayısı, baca gazı sıcaklığı, kazan kapasitesi ve yakıt tüketimi gibi değişkenlerin atık baca gazı enerjisinin ısı geri kazanımına olan etkileri detaylıca incelenmiştir. Bu kayıp enerjiden mahal ısıtmasında, sıcak su eldesinde ve kazan yakma havasının ısıtılmasında yararlanılması gibi birkaç ısı geri kazanım yöntemi sunulmuş, bu yöntemlerin uygulanabilirliği termodinamik ve ekonomik açıdan araştırılmıştır. Konukevi binasının sıcak su ihtiyacının karşılanması için incelenen 2. yöntemin 20 yıllık ekonomik ömrü boyunca sağlayacağı enerji tasarrufu 122.820,83 $ olup yöntemler arasında en yüksek tasarruf gelirine sahiptir. Ayrıca, bu yöntemle baca gazı kaybının yaklaşık %50’sini geri kazanmak mümkündür. Buna karşılık kazan yakma havasının atık ısıyla ısıtılması yöntemi, geri ödeme süresinin sadece 1 yıl olması ve ekstra kazı ve boru maliyetlerinin olmaması sebebiyle uygulanması en kolay ve en ekonomik yöntemdir.
İnsansı robot ile bazı Türkçe işaret dili ifadelerinin gerçekleştirilmesi
Authors: GÜL Mehmet
Published: April 2023

Dünya genelinde 466 milyon Türkiye’de ise yaklaşık 1.5 milyon işitme ve konuşma engelli bireyin kendi aralarında ve diğer bireyler ile iletişimlerini sağlamak için kullandıkları dil işaret dilidir. El, yüz ve vücut mimikleri ile gerçekleştirilen bu dil, ülkeden ülkeye ve konuşulduğu ülkelerde ise bölgeden bölgeye değişiklik gösterebilen dinamik bir dildir. Bireyin daha küçük yaşta işaret dili öğrenmesi, bireyin hem bilişsel ve entelektüel gelişimi hem de akademik gelişimi açısından önemli olması bu dilin önemini gözler önüne sermektedir. Bu nedenle işaret dili öğrenimi konusunda teknolojinin kullanılmasına dönük geliştirilen bir dizi çalışma bulunmaktadır. Geliştirilen insansı robotların işaret dili öğreniminde başarılı bir şekilde icra edildiği kanıtlandı. Ülkemizde işaret dili öğrenimi üzerine geliştirilen herhangi bir insansı robotun bulunmaması ve bu alanda yapılan güncel çalışmaların literatürde yer edinmesi üzerine Türkçe İşaret Dili ifadelerini gerçekleştiren insansı robot çalışması yapıldı. Çalışma kapsamında insansı robotun geliştirme aşamaları detaylı bir şekilde tartışılmaktadır.
Hava araçlarında kablolamada kablo düzeninin, kablolar arası uzaklığın ve ortam sıcaklığının kablo akım taşıma kapasitesine etkisinin sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile çoklu fiziksel analizi
Authors: YILDIZ Burhan Mert , KALENDERLİ Özcan , ALTAY Özkan
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, hava araçlarında kullanılan yüksek gerilimli güç kablolarının döşeme koşullarının belirlenmesi amacıyla akım taşıma kapasitelerini etkileyen baskın etkenlerden olan ısıl davranışı sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla kablonun ve döşendiği ortamın sıcaklığı ile akım taşıma kapasitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi gözlemlemek için elektrik-ısıl çoklu fiziksel analiz modeli oluşturulmuştur. Analizlerde SAE AS22759/1 standartına uygun bir damarlı, 2 AWG (39,19 mm2) kesitli kablolar göz önüne alınmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında hem ortam sıcaklığının hem de kablolar arası uzaklığın kablonun akım taşıma kapasitesine etkisi incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, kablolar arasındaki uzaklığın azalmasının kablonun akım taşıma kapasitesinin azalmasına; ortam sıcaklığının azalmasının da kablonun akım taşıma kapasitesinin artmasına neden olduğu görülmüştür.
Filtre modelli öznitelik seçim algoritmalarının EEG tabanlı beyin bilgisayar arayüzü sistemindeki karşılaştırmalı sınıflandırma performansları
Authors: BULUT Cem , BALLI Tuğçe , YETKİN Emrullah Fatih
Published: April 2023

Beyin bilgisayar arayüzleri (BBA), beyin elektriksel aktivitelerini kontrol komutlarına çevirerek bilgisayar veya nöroprostetik kol gibi yardımcı teknolojilerin kullanılmasını sağlayan sistemlerdir. Bu çalışmada filtre tabanlı öznitelik seçim yöntemlerinin farklı sınıflandırma algoritmaları ile birlikte kullanılmasının BBA sistemlerine getirebileceği kazanımlar araştırılmıştır. Bu çerçevede nöroprostetik bir cihazın kontrolü için tasarlanan BBA sisteminden elde edilmiş EEG kayıtları analiz edilmiştir. EEG kayıtlarının analizi için delta (1.0-4 Hz), teta (4-8 Hz), alfa (8-12 Hz), beta (12-25 Hz), yüksek-beta (25-30Hz) ve gama (30-50 Hz) frekans bantlarından ve delta (1-4 Hz), teta (4-8 Hz), alfa1 (8-10 Hz), alfa2 (10-12 Hz), beta1 (12-15 Hz), beta2 (15-18 Hz), beta3 (18-25 Hz), gama1 (30-35 Hz), gama2 (35-40 Hz), gama3 (40-50 Hz) alt frekans bantlarından bant gücü öznitelikleri çıkarılmıştır. Elde edilen iki veri seti öznitelik seçimi uygulamadan ve öznitelik seçimi uygulayarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Çalışmada toplam 10 adet filtre tabanlı öznitelik seçimi yöntemi ile birlikte, doğrusal ayırt eden analizi, rassal ormanlar, karar ağaçları ve destek vektör makinaları sınıflandırma algoritmaları kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda EEG kayıtlarının sınıflandırılması için öznitelik seçme algoritmalarının uygulanmasının daha yüksek başarımlı sonuçlar verdiği ve bu çalışmada ele alınan öznitelik seçme yöntemlerinden, özdeğer merkeziyetine göre öznitelik seçimi (Ecfs) ve sonsuz öznitelik seçimi (Inffs) yöntemlerinin filtre tabanlı yaklaşımlar arasında en iyi sonuçları verdiği gözlenmiştir.
NASC-seq2 Protocol v1
Authors: Hendriks Gert-Jan
Published: April 2023

Insights into transcriptional bursting kinetics and regulation have emerged from real-time nascent RNA imaging and analyses of static RNA counts over cells. Here, we developed sensitive single-cell profiling of newly transcribed (or new) RNA in cells (NASC-seq2) that can easily be applied to tens of thousands of single cells to help shed new light on bursting dynamics and coordination.
PotatoMASH library construction v2
Authors: de la O Leyva Perez Maria , Vexler Lea , Milbourne Dan
Published: April 2023

We have developed PotatoMASH (Potato Multi-Allele Scanning Haplotags), a novel low cost, genome-scanning marker platform. We designed a panel of 339 multi-allelic regions placed at 1 Mb intervals throughout the euchromatic portion of the genome. These regions were assayed using a multiplex amplicon sequencing approach, which allows to genotype hundreds of plants at a cost of €5/sample. This protocol describes the library construction part of the method. PotatoMASH libraries are made to be sequenced in Illumina sequencing platforms.
Modellbasierte PLT-Sicherheitsfunktionen datenbasiert überwachen
Authors: Langlitz Philipp , Lenhart Felix , Roser Martin
Published: April 2023

In komplexen und modellbasierten PLT-Sicherheitsfunktionen werden unsicherheitsbehaftete Prozessmesswerte zur Berechnung von nicht direkt  beobachtbaren Abschaltwerten verwendet, was bei  Nutzung der sicherheitstechnischen  Messgenauigkeitsangaben der Hersteller und üblichen  Fehlerfortpflanzungsmethoden zu hohen  Sicherheitsabschlägen führt. Dieser Beitrag skizziert einen Ansatz zur datenbasierten Überwachung und  Anomalieerkennung für reproduzierbare, chemische  Batchprozesse. was die Nutzung von geringeren  Sicherheitsabschlägen auf Basis der Messwiederholbarkeit  rechtfertigen, und sich somit äußerst positiv auf die  Betreibbarkeit von komplexen und modellbasierten PLT-Sicherheitsfunktionen auswirken würde. Das Potenzial dieses Verfahrens zur Erhöhung des Diagnosegrads und  Erkennung unbekannter Anomalien im Produktionsprozess wird anhand von historischen Prozessdaten aufgezeigt und  diskutiert.
Software in Cyberphysischen Produktionssystemen
Authors: Feichtinger Kevin , Meixner Kristof , Rinker Felix , Koren István , Eichelberger Holger , Heinemann Tonja , Holtmann Jörg , Konersmann Marco , Michael Judith , Neumann Eva-Maria , Pfeiffer Jérôme , Rabiser Rick , Riebisch Matthias , Schmid Klaus
Published: April 2023

Um den effektiven und effizienten Betrieb von  Cyberphysischen Produktionssystemen (CPPSen)  sicherzustellen, spielt Software eine zunehmend wichtige  Rolle. Die enormen Fortschritte bei  Softwareentwicklungsmethoden, welche in den letzten  Jahren erzielt wurden, scheinen jedoch die aktuellen  Herausforderungen der Industrie nicht zu erfüllen, weil  diese die Industrie nicht oder nur langsam erreichen. In  diesem Beitrag werden die Herausforderungen für die  Softwareentwicklung in CPPSen aus Sicht von neun  Industrievertretern aus acht europäischen Unternehmen  unterschiedlicher Größe diskutiert. Um den digitalen Transformationsprozess für eine zukunftsfähige Produktion zu begleiten, wurden aus den beschriebenen  Herausforderungen Perspektiven für die Forschung  erarbeitet. Die Umsetzung dieser Ziele ist vor dem  Hintergrund von ökonomischen, sozialen und Nachhaltigkeitsanforderungen notwendig.
CONTINUOUS INTENTION TO USE ONLINE LEARNING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC BASED ON THREE DIFEERENT THEORITICAL MODELS (TAM, SVT, TOE)
Authors: MASADEH Shaden , ABUMALLOH Rabab , LABANI Noha
Published: April 2023

The novel COVID-19 pandemic has impacted educational systems in almost all countries worldwide. Traditional classes have been canceled or shifted to online mode through the affected countries. Resuming traditional face-to-face instruction might be delayed. This unexpectedly fast and mandatory shifting to online education, along with the significant challenges that face learners and instructors, has led to uncertainty regarding its future. This study aims to inspect students’ continuous intention (CI) towards online education during COVID-19, by incorporating different constructs from three theoretical models: first, conservation values( Security(SEC), Conformity(CON)) of Schwartz Value Theory(SVT), organizational support factors (Training(TR), Top management support(TS)) in Technology-Organizational-Environmental (TOE) , and the Technology acceptance model(TAM ) main factors (perceived usefulness(PU), perceived ease of use(PEU)). To achieve the research goal, a research model was developed referring to previous strong literature. The data was gathered from 310 students from Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal university (IAU) in Saudi Arabia, and analyzed with Structural Equation Modelling SEM-PLS. Findings show that TAM factors (PU, PEU), conservation values factors (SEC, CON), and organizational support factors (TR, TS) are important determinants for online learning adoption during COVID19 pandemic . The study provides directions for designers and developers to establish a more effective online learning environment, which is more suited for the new digitized generation during unexpected conditions.
THE EXTENT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF BLENDED LEARNING IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE EDUCATION VIS-A-VIS STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: MUTYA Romel C. , MASUHAY Apreyll-rose L.
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the extent of implementation of blended learning in senior high school (SHS) science education as to the content, communication, technology, pedagogy, and assessment vis-à-vis students’ academic achievement. In this analytical research design, data were gathered from 182 students and 12 science teachers using stratified random sampling. Gathered data were systematically treated and analyzed utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency, percentage count, mean, standard deviation, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation. Findings revealed the extent of implementation of blended learning in SHS science education as moderately implemented as perceived by the students and teachers. As to the students’ profiles, there was a significant relationship between technology and the parent’s monthly income. There was no significant difference in the extent of implementation of blended learning across all variables as perceived by the teachers. After implementing blended learning, the student’s academic achievement in science was outstanding, and this put forward a significant relationship between content and assessment in their academic achievement. The study concluded that several things should be considered in implementing blended learning in the new normal education. Students’ and teachers’ involvement in the implementation is essential for improving the modality and the school administrators may consider undertaking specific plans and activities such as the need for teachers to attend training, seminars, and workshops related to blended learning implementation.
CONDUCTING REMOTE ELECTRONIC EXAMINATIONS IN DISTANCE HIGHER EDUCATION: STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS
Authors: VORVILAS George , LIAPIS Alexandros , KOROVESIS Alkis , AGGELOPOULOU Dimitra , KAROUSOS Nikos , EFSTATHOPOULOS Efstathios
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic forced Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs) to adopt alternative approaches in delivering their learning activities including examinations. Regarding the latter, remote electronic examinations were selected as a one-way solution due to physical presence restriction measures imposed by governments around the world. This paper presents the evaluation of the remote examinations conducted by the Anonymized Open University [AOU]. The evaluation sought to inform decision making about the future of remote examinations at that distance learning organization. A sample of 9.276 students participated voluntarily and filled out a questionnaire. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis was employed. Results revealed that students were satisfied with the remote electronic examination process and they expressed their desire to be examined remotely again. Avoiding travelling and saving money were the main benefits mentioned by students. Issues were reported regarding the examination topics and the examination time. Students suggested the provision of more examination time and improvements in the university procedures and infrastructures that support remote examinations.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mezhonov Evgeny M. , Safiullina Zemfira M. , Vyalkina Yulia A. , Shalaev Sergey V.
Published: April 2023

Background. Epidemiological studies show that mortality among patients with heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction remains high. In recent clinical studies, inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 are showing promise in reducing cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic heart failure who need effective drug treatment.
Aim. We aimed to analyze published randomized controlled clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors, added to standard therapy, in a group of patients with chronic heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction over 40%.
Materials and methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the scientific literature were performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A literature search of the PubMed database for the period from January 2021 to December 2022 was performed. The search keywords included the following MeSH terms: heart failure preserved ejection fraction or HFpEF and empagliflozin or dapagliflozin or SGLT2. The search did not use filters for language or type of study. All statistical analyses were performed using the RevMan version 5.4 (Copenhagen, the Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014).
Results. The initial search retrieved 481 publications. After further screening and exclusions for non-compliance with the inclusion criteria, two clinical studies were included. There were 12 251 patients in total, 6128 received sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors, 6123 received placebo. Patients treated with these drugs were 20% less likely to have a combined endpoint (odds ratio [OR] 0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.720.87; p 0.001). This was primarily due to a 26% decrease in the frequency of hospitalization for acute decompensation of heart failure (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.660.83; p 0.001). There was a trend toward decreased mortality from cardiovascular causes (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.771.01; p=0.06), while no effect was observed on all-cause mortality (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.871.06; p=0.38).
Conclusions. The meta-analysis shows the potential of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors to reduce hospitalization for acute decompensation of heart failure in patients with a moderately reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.
SFRP5 as a new cardiovascular biological marker: a literature review
Authors: Alieva Amina M. , Teplova Natalia V. , Baykova Irina E. , Voronkova Kira V. , Shnakhova Lidiya M. , Makeeva Lyudmila M. , Kotikova Irina A. , Nikitin Igor G.
Published: April 2023

Research into new biological markers may help early diagnosis and effective therapy for cardiology patients. The use of biomarkers to evaluate patients has made a major impact in oncology, but is still in its infancy in the cardiology field. Studies on secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) have revealed its potential use as a marker of cardiovascular pathology. Preclinical studies have highlighted the important role this protein plays in many biological processes. It reduces the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts and suppresses the Wnt5A/JNK signaling pathway thus reducing the severity of oxidative stress and inflammation. It normalizes nitric oxide production and has several other effects. However, recent clinical studies of SFRP5 have produced conflicting data. Nevertheless, this protein shows promise as a marker for several metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Preliminary data also suggest SFRP5 may be a therapeutic target. Further study of SFRP5 and its role in cardiovascular pathology is necessary, and will create new diagnostic and prognostic possibilities for this biological marker.
Features of the Foveal Avascular Zone in Children with Active Retinopathy of Prematurity According to Optical Coherence Tomography in Angio Mode
Authors: Trifanenkova I. G. , Tereshchenko A. V. , Erokhina E. V.
Published: April 2023

The purpose — to study the features of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in children with active retinopathy of prematurity according to the data of optical coherence tomography in angio-mode.

Patients and methods. OCT-A was performed on 37 premature infants (37 eyes) with active ROP: at stages 1–2 — in 14 eyes (8 — with a favorable current type, 6 — with an unfavorable current), at stage 3 — in 16 eyes (6 — with a favorable type, 10 — with unfavorable), with aggressive posterior ROP — in 7 eyes (4 — at the stage of early clinical manifestations, 3 — at the stage of manifestation). Patients with stages 1 and 2 of active ROP were combined into one group due to similar findings. The control was the data of OCT-A performed on 10 premature infants without signs of ROP.

Results. At 1–2 stages with a favorable type in children with a somatic state of moderate severity in the FAZ area, statistically significant differences in comparison with the control parameters were not determined. In children with a severe condition, FAZ was significantly expanded, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in the density of capillaries in the fovea. With an unfavorable type, a significant decrease in the size of the FAZ was noted, as well as a slight decrease in the density of the capillaries of the superficial plexus in the fovea. At stage 3 with a favorable type, an expansion of the FAZ, a decrease in the density of capillaries in the fovea in the superficial and deep plexus were recorded, and the values of the density of capillaries in the parafovea were slightly increased. At 3 stages with an unfavorable course in children born at a gestational age of 29–32 weeks, the FAZ was expanded. In children born at a gestational age of 25–28 weeks, a significant decrease in the size of the FAZ was recorded in comparison with children with a long gestation period, as well as those with a favorable course of stage 3. At the stage of early clinical manifestations of the posterior aggressive ROP, the FAZ was absent; vessels grew into it, which formed shunts and zones of intraretinal neovascularization in the form of “tangles”. At the stage of manifestation of the posterior aggressive ROP, a gross violation of the architectonics of the microvasculature was determined. As at the stage of early clinical manifestations, FAZ was absent; shunt vessels grew into it.

Conclusion. The OCT method in angio-mode has showed high information content in studying the features of the foveal avascular zone in children with various forms, stages and types of active ROP. The characteristics of FAZ with an unfavorable type of the disease are of the greatest value for clinical practice. Their identification at the early stages of the pathological process will make it possible to timely determine the correct tactics and carry out the necessary treatment.
Psychological Domain of Elderly Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Fabikantov O. L. , Lev I. V. , Agarkov N. M. , Nikolashin S. I. , Titov A. A.
Published: April 2023

The continuing increase in the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among various segments of the population and, especially in older age, combined with a change in the psychological state of such patients. However, the study of the holistic psychological (cognitivedepressive) domain in elderly patients with various stages of diabetic retinopathy, comparable in cardiovascular pathology, which is an independent risk factor for both diabetic retinopathy and cognitive impairment, depression not carried out.

Purpose: to assess the psychological domain in patients 60–74 years old suffering from diabetic retinopathy standardized for concomitant cardiovascular pathology. In the Tambov branch of the Tambov branch of S.N. Fedorov NMRC “MNTK “Eye Microsurgery” in 2019–2020, cognitive impairment and depression were studied in 68 patients with non-proliferative, 62 patients with preproliferative and 70 elderly patients with proliferative stage on the Mini-Mental-State-Examination and Center for Epidemiologic Studies — Depression scale, respectively. The diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy established based on the results of a comprehensive ophthalmological examination. The control consisted of 59 patients with the absence of diabetic retinopathy. Patients with non-proliferative stage had mild (21.5 ± 0.3 points), and with preproliferative (17.9 ± 0.4 points) and proliferative stage (16.2 ± 0.3 points) moderate cognitive impairment. The association of cognitive impairment found with preproliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The level of depression in the non–proliferative stage was 22.4 ± 0.4 points, in the preproliferative stage — 24.8 ± 0.3 points and in the proliferative stage — 26.9 ± 0.5 points versus 19.2 ± 0.3 points in the control with a significant difference in all cases. The values of the relative risk of diabetic retinopathy stages were 1,337, 2,408 and 2,796, respectively. The revealed deterioration of the cognitive-depressive domain in elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy is important for improving compliance, the effectiveness of treatment of diabetic retinopathy and the psychological continuum.
Bacterial Keratitis. Part 1. Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Clinic, Current Aspects of Diagnosis
Authors: Shilovskikh O. V. , Ponomarev V. O. , Kazaykin V. N. , Tkachenko K. A. , Demchenko N. S.
Published: April 2023

Bacterial keratitis is an urgent problem in ophthalmology, representing a threatening condition for the anatomy and function of the eyeball. The disease is widespread and varies significantly depending on the geographical region, even within the same country. The BC clinic is well-known, has been studied in sufficient detail, but in real practice it often causes significant difficulties in diagnosis, since it largely resembles a keratitis clinic of another etiology. A significant role in the differential diagnosis of these diseases is played by laboratory tests, which are not always available and easy to perform and implement. The results of the bacteriological analysis have a delayed period, which may be critical for determining the correct treatment tactics, but, nevertheless, the information that can be obtained about the microbe and its sensitivity to ABP makes it possible to better cope with the infectious process. The development and introduction of new laboratory research methods into modern clinical practice is very relevant, could simplify and speed up the diagnosis of the disease, and with it increase the effectiveness of its treatment.
Surgical Rehabilitation of a Posttraumatic Iris Cyst, Cataract and Astigmatism Patient
Authors: Onishchenko A. L. , Potehin V. K. , Vershinina N. A.
Published: April 2023

Injuries cause serious disturbance of the form and function of the organ of vision due to the damage and accompanying or remote complications and therefore have a high proportion to the structure of low vision, blindness and disability. One of the complications of penetrating wounds of the eye is iris cysts. Iris cyst can increase and cause pupillary block, secondary glaucoma, uveitis, corneal dystrophy, and therefore it requires surgical intervention. The goal of surgical treatment of an iris cyst is to ensure complete removal of the cyst.

Objective: to estimate the clinical and functional results of treatment in a posttraumatic iris cyst, posterior subcapsular cataract and myopic astigmatism patient.

Patient and methods. Patient B., 49 years old with posttraumatic retention iris cyst, posterior subcapsular cataract, compound myopic high astigmatism was examined. To determine the tactics of surgical treatment of the patient, a complex of General ophthalmology was performed (visometry, IOP measurement, autorefractometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy), as well as special (B-scanning, optical coherence tomography of the retina) research methods. The follow-up period was 1 year.

Results and discussion. To improve visual functions and prevent the development of secondary glaucoma, the patient was offered surgery — excision of the iris cyst and cataract phacoemulsification with toric intraocular lens. Simultaneous carrying out of two stages of the operation reduced the risks of postoperative complications and shorten the rehabilitation period.

Conclusion. Positive optical and therapeutic effects were achieved as a result of the surgical treatment 44 years after an open eye injury: the eye is calm, the iris cyst is not detected, visual acuity has increased. The postoperative period showed the saving the stable and high visual and functional result with no recurrence of the iris cyst.
“White without Pressure” Associated with Other Degenerations: Features of Vitreoretinal Interface on OCT Scans (Clinical Case)
Authors: Shaimova V. A. , Dmukh T. S. , Trubilin V. N. , Islamova G. R. , Shaimov T. B. , Shklyarov E. B.
Published: April 2023

“White without pressure” warrants special attention from ophthalmologists due to the lack of consensus on its etiopathogenesis and associated risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. “White without pressure” appears in various quadrants of the fundus as an area white to gray in color. It is more common in persons with high myopia.The paper presents a clinical case of a 19-year-old male with an association between “white without pressure”, “dark without pressure”, vitreoretinal tuft and symptomatic floaters in the left eye. OCT scanning (SOLIX) was employed to assess the vitreoretinal interface. OCT revealed the intraretinal location of “white without pressure” and “dark without pressure” degenerations without vitreoretinal traction. “White without pressure” degeneration is hyperreflective at the level of the outer retina in the photoreceptor ellipsoid and myoid zones, and “dark without pressure” is hyporeflective at this level. Vitreoretinal tuft is a vitreoretinal degeneration located at the level of the inner limiting membrane. It was detected as a hyperreflective site with vitreoretinal adhesion leading to traction and thickening of the corresponding retinal area. The combination of the three degenerations poses a risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment due to the presence of the vitreoretinal tuft.
Predictability of the Refractive Effect after Laser Correction. Determining Factors. Review
Authors: Eskina E. N. , Belogurova A. V. , Parshina V. A. , Movsesian M. Kh.
Published: April 2023

Currently, refractive surgery using modern laser systems for the correction of various types of ametropia is one of the most widespread and performed operations worldwide. It is important to obtain refractive results comparable to those expected, both for the patient and for the surgeon himself. However, in some cases, there may be a deviation of the refractive result from the planned one, and in the late period after the operation, a regression of the refractive effect is detected, which, ultimately, may cause patient dissatisfaction. In order to avoid these situations, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the risk factors that can lead to these phenomena, and, accordingly, take them into account during planning a surgical intervention.Currently, risk factors for regression and factors that can affect the deviation of the refractive result are divided into 2 groups and are actively studied by both Russian and foreign researchers.Given the relevance of the problem of accurate planning and achieving stable refractive results, various nomograms have been actively developed and implemented recently. The purpose of nomograms is to compensate the influence of various factors by introducing adjustments that can be applied at the planning of the operation. Nomograms are considered reliable and effective tools to increase the predictability of refractive surgery, but, for the most part, are the result of the work of a refractive surgeon. The purpose of this review is to analyze the world literature to determine the risk factors for regression and factors affecting the deviation of the refractive result from the planned one, as well as to analyze the existing nomograms designed to improve the planning and prediction of the results of laser refractive surgery.
Laser Iridotomy for Pupillary Block in Children with Endogenous Uveitis
Authors: Arestova N. N. , Katargina L. A. , Denisova E. V. , Kruglova T. B. , Egiyan N. S.
Published: April 2023

Objective. Development of a differential approach to laser iridotomy in children with endogenous uveitis considering iris characteristics and the reaction of children’s eyes to different laser types.

Patients and methods. Thirty-six laser iridotomies were conducted in 36 children aged 8–16 years with pupillary block. Nidek YAG laser was used in YAG (1064 nm) and SLT (532 nm) modes.

Results. The frequency of hemorrhagic complications during surgery decreased to 19.4 % since 2009. The frequency of exudative reactions and proliferative syndrome with closure of laser coloboms in 1-6 months after surgery decreased to 33.3 % (25.7 % and 40.9 % respectively).

Conclusion. We recommended the patented differential approach for effective nontraumatic laser iridotomy in children with endogenous uveitis. In a thin iris single-stage YAG laser perforation should be performed in maximum bombe and multiple perforation in cases of multi-chamber bombe. In a dense thick iris or in cases of former iridotomy closure two-stage approach should be performed. First, circular coagulation should be done in the form of a ring or spot at the site of the planned coloboma. Second, YAG-laser perforation should be done in 10–14 days. The iris vessels topography, reflexogenic zones, and the peculiarities of the iris reactions to the lasers in children with endogenous uveitis should be considered when choosing a place for a coloboma. The use of thermal coagulating lasers should be limited, especially on thin irises. Active anti-inflammatory therapy and eye monitoring are necessary after laser surgery. The differential approach is safe, effective, and can be recommended for implementation in the practice of pediatric ophthalmology.
Combined Treatment of Post-Thrombotic Macular Edema with Navigation Laser Coagulation and Intravitreal Administration of Angiogenesis Inhibitors
Authors: Krylova I. A. , Fabrikantov O. L.
Published: April 2023

At present about 16.4 million people in the world suffer from retinal venous occlusions (RVO). The pathophysiology of RVO includes changes in the vascular wall, blood flow, blood clotting. The key role in the pathogenesis of this group of diseases is played by ischemia and retinal hypoxia, leading to neovascularization. Macular edema (ME) is the most common complication of retinal vein occlusions. Optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCTA) is considered as an informative and highly sensitive method for diagnosing macular edema (ME) and ischemic zones in RVO. Intravitreal administration of glucocorticosteroids and/or angiogenesis inhibitors is the priority treatment method for macular edema in RVO. The combination of antiangiogenic therapy and laser treatment is promising. The navigation treatment technology is implemented under the conditions of the Navilas 577 system. The Navilas 577 laser navigation system is a laser coagulator with a tracking system and a fundus camera. The possibility of planning the operation, superimposing the results of OCTA on a fundus image makes the treatment faster, more accurate, and minimizes damage to healthy tissues.

Purpose: to evaluate the results of target topographically oriented threshold laser coagulation in the treatment of post-thrombotic ME using theNavilas 577 laser navigation system following intravitreal administration of angiogenesis inhibitors.

Materials and methods. There was performed a prospective study of the results of navigation laser treatment on the Navilas 577 device after intravitreal injections of angiogenesis inhibitors in 14 patients (14 eyes), aged 51 to 83 years, with macular edema up to 390 μm due to the branch central retinal vein occlusion. Laser treatment was performed within 2 weeks to 1 month following the last injection of angiogenesis inhibitors. The zones of ischemia in the macula were determined according to OCT-A data, imported into the Navilas 577 navigation system and superimposed on a color fundus image. Then the treatment was planned — the position of the future coagulates was marked.

Results. In 3 months, there was a decrease in the height of edema from 366.5 (323;390) to 280 (270;300) μm, an increase in light sensitivity in the central retinal zone from 17 to 21.2 dB and an increase in visual acuity from 0.4 (0.3;0.5) to 0.5 (0.45;0.6).

Conclusion. The combination of navigation retinal laser coagulation and angiogenesis inhibitors in the treatment of low post-thrombotic edema (less than 390 μm) gives good results; therefore, it can be justified and advisable in real clinical practice.
The factors affecting tourism mobile apps usage
Authors:   Faculty of Business, Department of Tourism Management, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Şeker Ferhat , Kadirhan Gökhan ,   School of Tourism and Hotel Management, Department of Tourism Management, Şırnak University, Erdem Ahmet ,   School of Tourism and Hotel Management, Department of Tourism Management, Harran University
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the key factors affecting the behaviour of using tourism mobile apps. Contrary to previous studies, the present paper highlights the key factors by evaluating the perceived advantages and technological self-efficacy together. So as to evaluate overall measurement quality and test the hypothesised relationships, a two-step approach was applied. In the first step, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to test the validity of the measurement scales. Then, the dataset was analysed using the PLS-SEM method to test the proposed hypotheses. Data were collected from 213 adult participants through an online survey. The study revealed that time-saving is a key determinant of tourism mobile apps usage with the highest beta coefficient (0.335, p<0.01). The effects of convenience (0.293) and technological self-efficacy (0.201) were also significant and positive. However, the perceived financial advantage does not have a significant effect on the behaviour of tourism mobile apps usage. Given the growing value and market potential of mobile applications, this research provides crucial empirical evidence for application developers and tourism researchers about the use of mobile applications for the tourism industry.
The outcome of loop electrosurgical excision procedure following treatment of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia 2 and 3
Authors: M. Rokeya Satter  , M. Tozammel Hoque  , M. Mozammel Hoque  , M. Saidur Rahman
Published: April 2023

Background: In Bangladesh, loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is an ongoing program of government health service for the management of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 and 3. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of loop electrosurgical excision procedure following treatment of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia 2 and 3.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in outpatient department (OPD), gynaecology and obstetrics department, Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh during the period from July 2011 to June 2012. In total 75 patients, underwent LEEP following treatment of CIN 2 and 3 were selected for this study as study subjects. Data analysis was done by using statistical package for social science (SPSS) 16 version.
Results: In this study, majority of the participants were from 30-39 years’ age group which was 57%. Besides this 23%, 19% and 1% patients were from <30, 40-49 and ≥50 age groups respectively. The mean parity of the patients was 3.68 with standard deviation of ±1.31 and range was 1 to 7. In analyzing the parity of the participants, we observed that, in 47% and 24% patients the party were 2 and 3 respectively which were noticeable. Besides these in 11%, 8%, 7%, 1% and 3% cases the parity were found as 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7 respectively. In analyzing the histopathology among patients, we found, 76% cases were with CIN-1 whereas the rest 24% cases were with CIN-2.
Conclusions: Cervical cancer is the most common malignancy and a major cause of cancer death among Bangladeshi women. This may be due to lack of awareness, scarce of screening facility, poverty and illiteracy. The LEEP procedure has many advantages including high success rate, low cost and ease of use.
Physiological quality in maize seeds using conventional methods and NIR spectroscopy
Authors: Molina Alvarez Richard Alcides , Catia Pereira Uchoa Sandra , Castanheira Guimarães Gabriel , Augusto Schurt Daniel , Da Silva Maia Sonicley , Vieria de Sousa Natalia , Beatríz Quevedo Andino Hilda
Published: April 2023

Maize is one of the most important cereals, and stands out for its wide genetic diversity, adaptation to the most diverse climate conditions, and being, both directly and indirectly, the most basic food source of man. Globally, production is dependent on seed quality. Known methodologies for evaluating seed quality require improvement in developing technologies capable of achieving, in less time, results for the targets under evaluation. The aim of this study, therefore, was to compare conventional vigour testing with the ability of NIR technology to classify the physiological quality of maize seeds, cv. DKB-290-HS. For the experiment, which was conducted in a completely randomised design (CRD), six Batches of 200 seeds were used, with four replications. Conventional methods of evaluating seed vigour were used in the study. For the evaluation using the near-infrared (NIR) method, the seeds were placed with the embryo facing the source of electromagnetic waves. The resulting spectra were analysed by the Pirouette software using the PLS-DA method. The conventional methods for vigour, and the NIR technique both efficiently detected the levels of physiological quality. NIR also revealed the differences between Batches, classifying the physiological quality of maize seeds, cv. DKB-290-HS, into different levels quickly and efficiently.
Evaluation of flow, Ph and solubility of a new calcium silicate-based sealer: A comparative in-vitro study
Authors: Choudhary Ashish , Kaul Rudra , Malik Azhar , Sharma Aditi , Gupta Ajay
Published: April 2023

The physical properties of sealers were evaluated for flow, setting time, radiopacity, dimensional stability, PH change, and solubility. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare a new calcium silicate-based sealer (Ceraseal) with 2 well established root canal sealers (MTA Fillapex & AH Plus) based on their flow, alkalinity and solubility.

Three already established root canal sealers (MTA Fillapex, Ceraseal & AH Plus) were assessed for flow, alkalinity and solubility among 40 samples. For flow evaluation and pH evaluation 15 samples each were used, and for solubility test 10 samples were used. Statistical analysis was performed using t test and Tukey parametric tests after evaluating the normality of data. The significance level was set at 5%.

AH plus showed maximum flow among all the sealers followed by MTA fillapex and Ceraseal. It was found that maximum pH was seen among ceraseal root canal sealer at 72 hours. When MTA Fillapex and ceraseal were compared the results were not significant statistically, except at 72 hours. The maximum solubility was seen among ceraseal sealer followed by MTA Fillapex and AH Plus. The results were significant statistically.

Ceraseal had acceptable flow and an alkaline pH while also having a greater solubility, which may be a sign of its bioactivity given the limits of this in vitro investigation.