bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto de corta de saneamiento sobre el crecimiento radial del bosque de Pinus hartwegii
Authors: Rojas-García Fabiola , Gómez-Guerrero Armando , Endara-Agramont Ángel Rolando , Gutiérrez García Genaro , Reyes Hernández Valentín José , Ángeles Pérez Gregorio , De Jong Bernardus H.J.
Published: November 2022

Los bosques de Pinus hartwegii son susceptibles al ataque de plagas forestales, por ello las intervenciones de saneamiento en los rodales de esta especie deben ser analizadas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos de las cortas de saneamiento sobre el crecimiento radial del arbolado residual, en rodales de P. hartwegii del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Nevado de Toluca. Se establecieron diez sitios de medición de árboles remanentes y tocones en rodales intervenidos durante 2016 (1000 m2) en las exposiciones Oeste y Este del volcán. Se consideró el período de los años 2013-2015 como previo al saneamiento, y 2016-2018 como posterior al saneamiento. Se analizaron el patrón de distribución y la estructura horizontal y vertical. Se calcularon dos índices de densidad y dos índices de competencia. Se colectaron núcleos de madera en todos los individuos y se midieron las anchuras de los anillos de crecimiento mediante técnicas dendrocronológicas. Se estandarizó el crecimiento mediante series de incremento en área basal (IAB). El crecimiento de los árboles remanentes ubicados en la periferia de los tocones fue significativamente diferente entre las exposiciones. El IAB aumentó 37.3% después del saneamiento en la exposición Oeste, mientras que en la exposición Este el IAB aumentó 61.6%. Los árboles remanentes ubicados entre los 2.5 m y 5 m con respecto al tocón tuvieron mayores IAB en ambas exposiciones. Los bosques de Pinus hartwegii responden de manera favorable a las cortas de saneamiento con un aumento estadísticamente significativo en el IAB.
Comparing People’s Experience of Therapy for Complex Trauma Across Three Modalities: Face-to-Face, Mixed, and Online
Authors: Maloney Emma , Dowling Clodagh , Deehan Tara , O' Reilly Gary
Published: November 2022

To compare client response to a 3-stage phased intervention for complex trauma, comparing (1) those who received face-to-face intervention with (2) those who received a hybrid of face-to-face moving mid-therapy to online intervention with (3) those who received online only. Comparing quantitative and qualitative outcome data from 3 consecutive groups (N=22) who participated in a 3-stage phased intervention for complex trauma (1) face-to-face intervention (n=7); (2) a mix of face-to-face and online intervention (n=6); (3) online only (n=9). Analysis of quantitative data indicated a reduction in trauma symptoms across all modes of delivery. Reliable change indices suggested that face-to-face intervention facilitated the greatest change. In response to questions, participants spoke about (1) having a positive experience of the intervention, (2) advice to future group members, (3) constructive feedback, and (4) the experience of engaging online. Responses indicated that the experience of all groups were broadly similar. Participants reported strong group connections and an increased understanding of trauma. Minor differences, specific to the practicalities of each group, were found in the constructive feedback offered. Comments regarding the online experience highlighted the accessibility of the modality and indicated a sense of diminished group cohesion. Overall, participants reported a preference for face-to-face engagement. The majority of participants benefitted from the intervention regardless of modality. However, there is tentative evidence that the online format was the delivery mode associated with poorer-performing clients. In the future, online engagement and client preference should be considered carefully.
Home Care in the Daily Lives of Older People: Protocol for an Ethnographic Two-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Harnett Tove , Jönson Håkan , Fäldtman Alexander
Published: November 2022

Background

Research on eldercare has been dominated by a provider-oriented perspective, concerned with the conditions and views of care providers. There are striking differences compared with the field of disability studies, where help is framed as part of a larger project of having a daily life and being included in society. Pilot interviews indicate that older people develop active strategies to make care work. These include practical preparations, emotional activities such as showing an interest in staff members’ lives, or rhetorical skills in asking for help.

Objective

The aim of this project is to develop empirical and theoretical knowledge of eldercare as a relational practice, accomplished by older people in their daily lives. This perspective will also offer an alternative to ongoing attempts to reduce the user perspective to an issue about older people acting as customers in a market.

Methods

The project will map, investigate, and follow up on care use from the perspective of care users. The project has an ethnographic 2-year longitudinal approach. Data consist of interviews and participant observations with 35 persons (home care users and cohabitating partners) and a diary study with additional 10 care users. Inclusion criteria are people 65 years or older with home care provided by needs assessors. It is preferred that they have had home care between 6 months and 2 years in order to follow a progression in roles, identities, and strategies within home care use.

Results

Between May and October 2022, 25 interviews with home care users were conducted. Data collection with follow-up interviews and observations, analysis, and reporting of findings will be completed by December 2024.

Conclusions

By studying care use in the context of older people’s lives the project will add important knowledge about the strategies and adjustments older people apply to make care arrangements work. A user-oriented perspective will further the understanding of how power relations play out in home care over time in relation to the formal rights, categorical belongings, and established norm systems that place the user in superior or subordinate positions.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/42160
LA INTERSEXUALIDAD Y LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS EN AMÉRICA LATINA: ESTADO DE SITUACIÓN 2007-2021
Authors: Aguirre Arauz Patricio Fernando
Published: November 2022

Este artículo parte de un examen de la producción académica sobre el tema entre 2007 a 2021, e identifica coincidencias, limitaciones y desafíos para abordar los derechos humanos de la intersexualidad en América Latina. Lo intersexual interpela esencialismos y perspectivas sobre sexo y género, y los límites de lo que se define como “humano”, lo cual deviene en desafíos para los estados y los organismos de derechos humanos. Concluye con los problemas actuales de derechos, relacionados con la falta de políticas públicas, la ausencia de mecanismos de protección y la necesidad de incluir el enfoque psicosocial para abordar la vulneración de derechos y la reparación integral.
Comentarios y respuestas
Authors: Zirión Quijano Antonio
Published: November 2022

En este texto comento diversos asuntos de los ensayos que los colegas José Lasaga, Pedro Stepanenko y Josué Cisneros escribieron acerca de mi libro El sentido de la filosofía. Estudios sobre José Gaos y respondo a las preguntas que formularon en ellos. Con estos comentarios y respuestas preciso o aclaro algunas cuestiones relativas a los puntos de vista que se expresan en el libro y, en particular, a las interpretaciones que se encuentran en él sobre el papel de la fenomenología y de la metafísica en el pensamiento y la obra de José Gaos. También trato otros asuntos más personales que tienen que ver con mi manera de valorar la posición filosófica de Gaos y mi forma de asumir la labor editorial de sus Obras completas comparada con la de Fernando Salmerón, el primer editor de las mismas.
Tourism students' perception of blended learning and their engagement and satisfaction with the course
Authors: Zhang Qian
Published: November 2022

I explored the relationship between students' perception of blended learning and their engagement and satisfaction with the course. I used structural equation modeling to analyze the survey responses of 270 tourism management students from two universities in China. The findings indicated
that emotional engagement and perceived usefulness influenced students' satisfaction with blended learning. Perceived usefulness had a stronger direct influence on cognitive engagement in student blended learning than did perceived interaction, whereas neither perceived playfulness nor ease
of use had a significant influence on cognitive engagement. Emotional engagement significantly affected course satisfaction but cognitive engagement had a nonsignificant influence on course satisfaction. Finally, perceived usefulness affected satisfaction indirectly through emotional engagement.
The implications of the findings for teaching practice are discussed and limitations and future research directions are suggested.
Workplace fun and work engagement: Workplace guanxi as a mediator
Authors: Zhang Yaowen , Tang Wensi
Published: November 2022

We investigated the relationship between workplace fun and work engagement as well as the mediating role of workplace guanxi. Participants were 272 Master of Business Administration students at a Chinese university who were working in various enterprises. The results of structural equation
modeling revealed that workplace fun was positively related to work engagement and that this direct relationship was mediated by workplace guanxi. Our study is the first to empirically test the role of workplace guanxi as a mediator of the workplace fun–work engagement link. Implications
of the findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Real estate markets: universalities, particularities and singularities
Authors: Lacerda Norma , Tourinho Helena Lúcia Zagury
Published: November 2022

Based on the idea that the real estate market is an abstraction, since it refers to a wide spectrum of market modalities, the question posed in this paper is: Which determinations are common to all real estate markets? Which are similar and defining for each group or market type and which are specific to each locally-, historically- and spatially-determined market? In view of these questions, this essay, based on the dialectical method, explores and applies the concepts of singularity, particularity and universality in the analyses of real estate markets, thereby explaining correlations and interdependencies between these dimensions. In addition, it also applies the singular-particular-universal triad to an analysis of the real estate market in the central area of Recife.
RISING POVERTY AND INEQUALITY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE WORLD ECONOMY: TRENDS AND CONSEQUENCES
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Maliy V.I. , Gusev V.V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: November 2022

Theoretical approaches to the study of the phenomenon of poverty are analyzed. Modern problems of economic development of the state and the world economy, deepening the problems of poverty in the world, are considered. Possible ways of solving the problems of poverty in the Russian Federation are identified.
YOUTH DESTRUCTIVE SUBCULTURES AS A FACTOR IN FORMING POLITICAL EXTREMISM IN MODERN RUSSIA
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Knyazkova E.V.
Published: November 2022

The possibility of influencing the development and reproduction of extremist manifestations of such a phenomenon as destructive youth subcultures is analyzed. The necessity of adjusting the ideological and political content of the state youth policy of the Russian Federation in order to create effective ideological and regulatory barriers to counter political extremism in the youth environment, is argued.
INNOVATIONS FOCUSED ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF “SMART CITIES”: KEY ISSUES AND AREAS OF CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Matrizaev B.J.
Published: November 2022

The relationship between various concepts of innovation focused on the sustainable development of “smart cities” is studied. The importance of a systematic multidimensional view of innovation for the sustainable development of cities is analyzed. The conclusion is made that the possibilities of cities in terms of developing innovations focused on sustainable development are not limited by existing approaches.
FORMS AND MECHANISMS OF MANIPULATING LEGAL GOALS AND INSTRUMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF REALIZATION OF LAW
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Kulikov M.A.
Published: November 2022

The nature, concept, as well as forms and mechanisms of manipulating legal goals and instruments in the process of realization of law are analyzed. Specific features of this form of lawful behavior, interdependence of manipulation of legal goals and instruments in the process of compliance, performance, use and application of law, as well as its results and consequences are demonstrated by specific examples. The thesis about the immanence of the manipulation of legal goals and instruments to the process of legal regulation is argued.
WORK RECORD BOOK AND THE INSTITUTION OF COMBINED EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   Saratov State Academy of Law, Ivanov A.A. , Kondrashov Yu.A. ,   Saratov State Academy of Law
Published: November 2022

Topical issues related to the role of work record book and combined jobs in the modern conditions of digitalization of various spheres of public life are considered. In the course of the analysis of the norms of Article 66.1 and Chapter 44 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the potential practical opportunity for employees to carry out their labor activities with several employers on a fulltime basis is revealed. A reasonable conclusion is made about a possible revision of the norms of combined employment.
Internal auditor’s role in ESG disclosure and assurance: An analysis of practical insights
Authors: Eulerich Marc , Bonrath Annika , Lopez Kasper Vanessa Isabell
Published: November 2022

Using survey data of 107 internal auditors, we provide empirical evidence about internal auditor’s role in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure and assurance. So far, academics and practitioners have not agreed on the responsibilities of internal auditing in ESG matters. Our regression results give evidence for organizations’ and internal audit functions’ (IAFs) ESG maturity being associated with ESG reporting, while IAFs’ involvement in ESG shows a significant association with assurance of ESG reports. Our results support the notion that the environmental pillar is perceived as the core element of sustainability bearing the highest risk, therefore propelling the need for assurance. The imbalance between assurance and consulting activities on part of IAFs stresses the potential to position the IAF as a value-adding entity in a complementary relation towards external auditors. We further elaborate on IAFs’ non-involvement in ESG and demonstrate the respective lack of awareness on part of stakeholders. Our research provides valuable initial insights for internal audit practitioners in the field of ESG and implications for future research
HARRAN ÖRENYERİ KAZILARI SERAMİK ÖRNEKLERİNDE ARKEOMETRİK ANALİZLER
Authors: ÖLÇER Sevcan , AKYOL Ali Akın
Published: November 2022

Anadolu’da seramik buluntular kazılar sonucu açığa çıkan en yoğun arkeolojik malzeme grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Seramiklerin veya daha geniş bir ifadeyle pişmiş toprak eserlerin yüzyıllarca toprak altında sağlam bir şekilde kalması arkeoloji, sanat tarihi ve arkeometri alanında çalışan araştırmacılar için önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Harran Örenyeri Kazıları’nın Ortaçağ dönemine ait seramik buluntularından etütlük olarak seçilmiş sırsız ve sırlı toplamda 15 örnek arkeometrik yöntemler kullanılarak incelenmiş ve arkeolojik yönden tanımlanmıştır. Uygulanan analizlerin seramik arkeometrisindeki özellikleri ve sonuçları üzerinde durularak Harran’nın yerel seramik teknolojisi ve ithal seramikleri hakkında değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Kodlanıp numaralandırıldıktan sonra fotoğraf olarak belgelenen örneklerin renk değerleri CIE L*a*b* renk sistemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin petrografik özellikleri ince kesit optik mikroskop analiziyle, kimyasal özellikleri PED-XRF ve SEM-EDX analizleri ile belirlenmiştir. İnce kesit optik mikroskop analizi ile seramikler; matriks/agrega içeriği, agrega türü/dağılımı/boyutu, gözenekliliği ve matriks kil yapısının özelliklerine göre gruplandırılmıştır. Örneklerin agrega içeriğini sedimanter (kiltaşları ve silttaşları), metamorfik (fillit) ve volkanik (aplit) kayaçların ayrışmasını yansıtan agregaların (mineral ve kayaçlar) oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Seramiklerin kil yapısı, gözeneklilik oranı ve karbonatlı kayaç ve mineral içeriği göz önünde bulundurularak 800-950°C arasında değişen pişirime uğradığı anlaşılmıştır. Petrografik ve kimyasal analizlerin ışığında seramik örneklerin en az 3 farklı hammadde içeriğine sahip olduğu ya da atölye üretimini yansıttığı anlaşılmıştır.
Medication changes implemented during medication reviews and factors related to overprescribing: post-hoc analyses of a randomized clinical trial in geriatric outpatients with polypharmacy
Authors: Kornholt Jonatan , Feizi Shafika , Hansen Alexandra , Laursen Jannie , Johansson Karl , Reuther Lene , Petersen Tonny , Pressel Eckart , Christensen Mikkel
Published: November 2022

Aims: To describe the medication changes implemented during
physician-led medication reviews that resulted in improved
health-related quality of life; and to explore factors that could
identify patients with overprescription.

Methods: Post-hoc analyses of data from a pragmatic,
non-blinded, randomized clinical trial investigating a medication review
intervention (NCT03911934) in 408 geriatric outpatients taking
≥9 medicines.

Results: The most frequent medicine change in the medication
review group (n=196) was discontinuation (26% of the medicines) due to
lack of indication (72% of the discontinuations). After 13 months, 82%
of the discontinued medicines were persistently discontinued. The
medicines most often discontinued in the medication review group
compared with usual care included: metoclopramide (11/5=73%
discontinued vs 1/12=8% in usual care), acetylsalicylic acid
(20/48=42% vs 2/47=4%), simvastatin (18/48=38% vs 2/58=3%),
zopiclone (23/59=39% vs 4/54=7%), quinine (9/14=64% vs 6/16=38%),
citalopram (4/18=22% vs 0/20=0%), and tramadol (18/37=49% vs
8/30=27%). Factors associated with the number of overprescribed
medicines included: number of prescribed medicines (8% increase per
medicine), Drug Burden Index (15% increase per 1 increase), and patient
motivation for medicine changes (26% less if not motivated).
Prescriptions of metoclopramide, iron preparations, antidepressants
other than SSRIs, NSAIDs, or drugs for urinary incontinence were
associated with a higher number of overprescribed medicines.

Conclusion: Medication reviews can be used to persistently
discontinue overprescribed medicines in older polypharmacy patients.
Motivation for having their medicine changed, treatment with a higher
number of medicines, and a higher burden of sedative and anticholinergic
drugs characterized patients most likely to benefit from physician-led
medication reviews.
Utilization of a cell-penetrating peptide-adaptor for delivery of human papillomavirus protein E2 into cervical cancer cells to arrest cell growth and promote cell death
Authors: LeCher Julia , Didier Hope , Dickson Robert , Slaughter Lauren , Bejarano J. , Ho Steven , Nowak Scott , Chrestensen Carol , McMurry Jonathan
Published: November 2022

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of nearly
all forms of cervical cancer, which can arise upon viral integration
into the host genome and concurrent loss of viral regulatory gene E2.
Gene-based delivery approaches show that E2 reintroduction reduces
proliferative capacity and promotes apoptosis in vitro. This work
explored if our calcium-dependent protein-based delivery system, TAT-CaM
could deliver functional E2 protein directly into cervical cancer cells
to limit proliferative capacity and induce cell death. Methods: TAT-CaM
and the HPV16 E2 protein containing a CaM-binding sequence (CBS-E2) were
expressed and purified from E. coli. Calcium-dependent binding kinetics
were verified by Biolayer Interferometry. Equimolar TaT-CaM:CBS-E2
constructs were delivered into the HPV16+ SiHa cell line and uptake
verified by confocal microscopy. Proliferative capacity was measured by
MTS assay and cell death was measured by release of lactate
dehydrogenase. As a control for specificity to HPV+ cells, human
microvascular cells (HMECs) were used. Results: TAT-CaM bound CBS-E2
with high affinity in the presence of calcium and rapidly disassociated
in its absence. After introduction by TAT-CaM, E2 was detected in
cellular interiors by orthogonal projects taken at the depth of the
nucleus. In dividing cells, E2 relocalized to regions associated with
the mitotic spindle. Cells receiving a single daily dose of CBS-E2 for 4
days showed a significant reduction in metabolic activity at low doses
and cell death at high doses compared to controls. This phenotype was
retained for 7 days with no further treatments. When subcultured at day
12, treated cells regained their proliferative capacity. Conclusions:
Using the TAT-CaM platform, bioactive E2 protein was delivered into
living cervical cancer cells, inducing senescence and cell death in a
time- and dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that this nucleic
acid and virus-free delivery method could be harnessed to develop novel,
effective protein therapeutics.
Análise de custo-efetividade do teste de cadeias leves livres (Freelite®) para o diagnóstico de gamopatia monoclonal
Authors: Salgado Riveros Bruno , Caporal Fernando , Maria Soares Elyara , Facco Fulvio
Published: November 2022

Os protocolos de diagnóstico atuais para gamopatia monoclonal (GM) dependem da eletroforese de proteínas do soro (EFPS) como a única avaliação inicial para a proteína monoclonal, ainda que limitada no que diz respeito à sua sensibilidade. A associação do teste de cadeia leve livre no soro (CLL, Freelite®) resulta na diminuição do número de resultados falso-negativos. Buscamos avaliar a eficiência de CLLs para o diagnóstico de GM no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e na Sistema de Saúde Suplementar (SSS). Os dados de um estudo publicado em pacientes com suspeita de GM (n = 652) foi usado para a árvore de decisão. O modelo foi desenvolvido para distinguir qual protocolo de diagnóstico fornece o valor mais alto para cada unidade monetária investida. Foram testados o protocolo padrão (PP) (EFPS como auxílio na via de diagnóstico), e dois comparadores, PP + CLLs (PP1) e PP + CLLs + IFS (PP2). Os resultados foram interpretados como a quantidade de moeda (BRL) gasta para cada diagnóstico correto incremental de GM. A simulação probabilística indicou um ICER médio de R$ 1.192 e R$ 1.470 para a PP1 e PP2, respectivamente, no SUS. Para SSS, os respectivos ICER foram BRL 3620 e 4193. Considerando um limiar superior a R$ 1.500 (SUS) e $ 4.000 (SSS), PP1 é a estratégia mais provável que seja custo-benefício. A adição do teste de CLLs melhora a eficiência dos recursos financeiros atribuídos ao diagnóstico de GM, no que diz respeito às abordagens adotadas tanto no SUS quanto no SSS.
Implantação de serviço de irradiação de sangue pelo SUS no estado da Bahia
Authors: Sampaio Ferreira Nilza , Pereira de Lima David Juceni
Published: November 2022

A irradiação de sangue é a profilaxia indicada à Doença Enxerto Contra Hospedeiro Associada à Transfusão DECH/AT, síndrome rara e geralmente fatal caracterizada por febre, eritema cutâneo, náuseas, vômitos, diarréia, hepatite e pancitopenia. Pode ocorrer em pacientes com imunossupressão severa e em pacientes imunocompetentes após a transfusão de hemocomponente celular de doador homozigoto para proteínas HLA, às quais o receptor é heterozigoto. Este trabalho tem como objetivo esclarecer a viabilidade técnico-operacional da implantação de um serviço de irradiação de sangue pelo SUS no Estado da Bahia, sem oneração aos cofres públicos. A pesquisa é classificada como exploratória e descritiva. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de revisão de literatura e formulário de pesquisa encaminhado através de e-mail aos hemocentros da rede pública nacional que realizam transfusão sanguínea.Este estudo teve comoresultado a elucidação dos principais fatores, parâmetros, riscos envolvidos e a respectiva importância dos mesmos para a sociedade, considerando que a avaliação da viabilidade operacional sugere superioridade em relação à viabilidade econômica. Portanto, os dados obtidos demonstraram viabilidade econômica-operacional o que corrobora com a necessidade de implantação do serviço de irradiação de sangue em um hemocentro do SUS no Estado da Bahia.
Uso da metodologia Lean Six Sigma na melhoria do acesso a medicamentos biológicos para tratamento da artrite reumatoide
Authors: Assunção Costa Lindemberg , De Moura Santos Pablo , Ribeiro Pinto Charleston
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: propor fluxo otimizado do processo de acesso a medicamentos biológicos utilizando a metodologia Lean Six Sigma. Método: Estudo de corte transversal conduzido no Centro de Infusão, em Salvador, Bahia. Foram analisados os processos administrativos de solicitação de medicamentos biológicos para tratamento da artrite reumatoide no ano de 2016. Para análise do processo atual e proposição de um processo otimizado foi utilizado o método Lean Six Sigma seguindo a aplicação da metodologia DMAIC por meio das ferramentas Project Charter, SIPOC, PMAP, VSM e FMEA. Resultados: Foram incluídos 63 processos. O procedimento possui três etapas críticas. Os tempos médios encontrados foram de 30, 11 e 73 dias, respectivamente, sendo o tempo médio entre a solicitação do medicamento biológico pelo usuário e a dispensação foi de 84,3 dias. As etapas 1 e 3 são consideradas demoradas, especialmente a última. As principais causas para a demora estão na orientação insuficiente e inadequada do paciente, e na não entrega da documentação completa. As especificações do processo não estão sendo atendidas havendo grande variabilidade. Cerca de 54% dos dados estão fora das especificações, demonstrando a ineficiência do processo e que é necessário gerenciar as causas especiais com o intuito de visando reduzir a variabilidade e aprimorar o processo de acesso a esses medicamentos. Conclusão: O processo de acesso a medicamentos biológicos no Centro de Infusão é demorado e pode ser melhorado. Causas como o desconhecimento por parte do paciente, do endereço do local de infusão do medicamento podem ser corrigidas. A metodologia Lean Six Sigma demonstrou boa aplicabilidade para melhorar o processo de acesso a medicamentos.
3HP comparado ao 9H no tratamento da ILTB: Uma Revisão Sistemática e Meta-Análise
Authors: Mulinari Eduardo , Da Silva Pereira Daniel , Castano Silva Thales Brendon , Viera de Melo Junior Edison , Araújo de Oliveira Gustavo Laine
Published: November 2022

O tratamento da infecção latente por Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ILTB) é uma prioridade estratégica para eliminar a tuberculose em países com alta incidência, como o Brasil. Esquemas mais curtos têm sido recomendados para estimular a adesão e a conclusão do tratamento pelos pacientes. Esta revisão examina as evidências da eficácia e segurança da combinação de rifapentina com isoniazida por três meses (3HP) em comparação com isoniazida isolada por nove meses (9H) no tratamento da ILTB. Uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise foi conduzida seguindo as diretrizes de redação do checklist PRISMA. Buscas estruturadas nas plataformas Medline (PUBMED), EMBASE, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Scopus e Web of Science foram realizadas em agosto de 2020. Foram encontradas 586 publicações e incluídos sete estudos completos na análise. Os resultados mostram que o 3HP foi superior ao 9H no desfecho de conclusão do tratamento, com significância estatística (OR = 2,92; IC95% = 2,07-4,12). Menos casos de tuberculose ativa ocorreram em pacientes tratados com 3HP, porém o risco relativo não evidenciou diferença estatisticamente significativa (RR = 0,47; IC95% = 0,2-1,12). As taxas de hepatotoxicidade clinicamente relevante variaram de 0% a 1,5% no 3HP e entre 1,2% a 5,3% no 9H. Não houve mortalidade atribuída aos medicamentos. Os resultados dessa revisão indicam que o regime 3HP é tão seguro e eficaz quanto o 9H e promove taxas de conclusão de tratamento significativamente mais altas. A adoção do 3HP no tratamento da ILTB pode contribuir nos esforços do país em eliminar a tuberculose como um problema de saúde pública.
Indicadores de qualidade do tratamento da artrite reumatoide no Brasil
Authors: Andrade Amaral Bruno , Feijó Azevedo Valderilio , Galvão Oliveira Márcio , Evangelista do Vale Ademir
Published: November 2022

A Artrite Reumatoide (AR) é uma condição crônica, autoimune, inflamatória e sistêmica de etiologia desconhecida. A manutenção da AR sob controle requer um tratamento específico com difícil manejo clínico, sendo imperativo a racionalização do uso das tecnologias e a qualificação da assistência prestada aos pacientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver e realizar a validação de conteúdo de indicadores de qualidade para o tratamento da AR no Brasil, baseados nas recomendações do Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes terapêuticas (PCDT). Trata-se de uma pesquisa metodológica, realizada em duas fases, desenvolvimento e validação, com reumatologistas. Os indicadores de qualidade foram elaborados com base PCDT para AR no Brasil, e validados via método Delphi. A análise de dados incluiu o cálculo dos escores médios atribuídos a cada indicador e o intervalo de confiança foi de 95%. Foram criados 28 indicadores, tendo a primeira fase da validação (1ª rodada) consenso em 33% (9/27) dos indicadores de qualidade. Ao final, 61% (17/28) dos indicadores de qualidade foram validados. Pode-se concluir que a técnica de consenso Delphi mostrou acordo entre os participantes e se faz uma ferramenta importante no processo de validação e desenvolvimento de indicadores para AR, portanto, deve ser uma informação difundida entre os profissionais de saúde.
Caracterización de restaurantes consumidores de leña en el Meta, Cundinamarca y Casanare
Authors: Molina-Romero Adriana M. , Moreno-Barragán Jessica , Castañeda-Garzón Sandra L. , Arguelles-Cardenas Jorge H.
Published: November 2022

La caracterización de los consumidores de leña en los asaderos de los departamentos del Meta, Cundinamarca y Casanare tiene como objetivo detectar las variables relevantes de la demanda y su conducta en el mercado. Para eso se realizaron 97 entrevistas semiestructuradas a propietarios y administradores de restaurantes que utilizan leña bajo un muestreo aleatorio simple. Con los datos obtenidos se realizó análisis de correspondencias múltiples y análisis de conglomerados, donde se encontraron seis tipologías de asaderos, que permitieron identificar los mayores consumidores de leña al año (grupo 1), losconsumidores mayormente de yopo (grupo 4), los que consumen gran parte de eucalipto (grupo 5), los que conocen la procedencia de la leña (grupo 1 y 6), los que emplean la leña para elaboración de subproducto (grupo 2 y 4), los que requieren incurrir en costos de transporte para la leña (grupo 6) y los que compran todos los días (grupo 3 y 5), entre otros aspectos. Dicha información contribuye tanto a los consumidores en las fuentes de acceso a la madera como a los productores en las características deseables por el mercado. De igual manera, sirve como insumo para la toma de decisiones acordes a las limitaciones y oportunidades que se presenten.
Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin by Baseline Insulin Regimen and Dose: Post Hoc Analyses From DECLARE-TIMI 58
Authors: Pollack Rena , Raz Itamar , Wiviott Stephen D. , Goodrich Erica L. , Murphy Sabina A. , Yanuv Ilan , Rozenberg Aliza , Mosenzon Ofri , Langkilde Anna Maria , Gause-Nilsson Ingrid A.M. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Leiter Lawrence A. , McGuire Darren K. , Wilding John P.H. , Sabatine Marc S. , Cahn Avivit
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE

The cardiorenal benefits of adding sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor therapy for patients on insulin, particularly those on intensive regimens that include short-acting (SA) insulin, have not been explored.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In Dapagliflozin Effect on Cardiovascular Events trial (DECLARE-TIMI 58), 17,160 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to dapagliflozin or placebo for a median follow-up of 4.2 years. Cardiovascular (CV), renal, metabolic, and safety outcomes with dapagliflozin versus placebo by insulin dose and regimen were studied with Cox regression models.

RESULTS

The study included 7,013 insulin users at baseline, with 4,650 (66.3%) patients on regimens including SA insulin. Insulin doses varied, with 2,443 (34.8%) patients receiving <0.5 IU/kg, 2,795 (39.9%) 0.5 to ≤1 IU/kg, and 1,339 (19.1%) >1 IU/kg. Dapagliflozin reduced CV death/hospitalization for heart failure among overall insulin users (hazard ratio [HR] 0.82 [95% CI 0.69–0.97]) and consistently in patients on insulin regimens with or without SA insulin (0.83 [0.67–1.03] and 0.78 [0.57–1.07], respectively, Pinteraction = 0.75). No heterogeneity was observed by insulin dose (Pinteraction = 0.43). The HR for major adverse CV events with dapagliflozin among insulin users (0.84 [0.74–0.97]) was similar irrespective of regimen or dose (Pinteraction = 0.75 and 0.07). Dapagliflozin reduced the rate of adverse renal outcomes overall and consistently across subgroups of insulin users. Decreases in HbA1c, weight, and systolic blood pressure with dapagliflozin were seen regardless of insulin dose or regimen. The known safety profile of dapagliflozin was unchanged in patients on intensive insulin regimens.

CONCLUSIONS

The benefits and safety of dapagliflozin were maintained in high-risk patients receiving high-dose or intensive insulin regimens including SA insulin.
Incident Early- and Later-Onset Type 2 Diabetes and Risk of Early- and Later-Onset Cancer: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Yin , Song Mingyang , Cao Yin , Eliassen A. Heather , Wolpin Brian M. , Stampfer Meir J. , Willett Walter C. , Wu Kana , Ng Kimmie , Hu Frank B. , Giovannucci Edward L.
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE

We evaluated prospectively the association between incident early-onset (diagnosed before 40 years of age) and later-onset type 2 diabetes and early-onset (diagnosed before 50 years of age) and later-onset cancer risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We prospectively followed 228,073 eligible participants in the Nurses’ Health Studies for up to 38 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI were estimated using Cox models.

RESULTS

We documented 18,290 type 2 diabetes, 6,520 early-onset cancer, and 36,907 later-onset cancer cases during follow-up. In fully adjusted analyses, early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risk of early-onset total cancer (HR [95% CI] 1.47 [1.06–2.04]), diabetes-related cancer (2.11 [1.38–3.23]), and obesity-related cancer (1.75 [1.08–2.82]), and the risk elevations were restricted to those with a BMI at 18 years of age of ≥21 kg/m2 (total cancer: 1.75 [1.20–2.56]; diabetes-related cancer: 2.43 [1.50–3.94]; and obesity-related cancer: 1.84 [1.05–3.22]). Early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with higher risk of later-onset diabetes-related and obesity-related cancer specifically among individuals with higher BMI at 18 years of age. Later-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with a higher risk of later-onset total cancer (1.15 [1.11–1.20]), diabetes-related cancer (1.17 [1.12–1.22]), and obesity-related cancer (1.18 [1.13–1.24]). In analyses based on refined timing, the HRs attenuated substantially with aging.

CONCLUSIONS

Incident early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risk of early-onset total cancer and diabetes- and obesity-related cancer, especially in those with higher BMI at 18 years of age. The impact of early-onset type 2 diabetes on cancer risk may be inherently stronger than that of later-onset type 2 diabetes.
Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin by Baseline Insulin Regimen and Dose: Post Hoc Analyses from DECLARE-TIMI 58
Authors: Pollack Rena , Raz Itamar , Wiviott Stephen D. , Goodrich Erica L. , Murphy Sabina A. , Yanuv Ilan , Rozenberg Aliza , Mosenzon Ofri , Langkilde Anna Maria , Gause-Nilsson Ingrid A.M. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Leiter Lawrence A. , McGuire Darren K. , Wilding John P.H. , Sabatine Marc S. , Cahn Avivit
Published: November 2022

  

Objective: The cardiorenal benefits of adding SGLT2 inhibitors to patients on insulin, particularly those on intensive regimens which include short acting (SA) insulin have not been explored.

Research design and methods: The DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial randomized 17,160 patients with type 2 diabetes to dapagliflozin or placebo for a median follow-up of 4.2 years. Cardiovascular, renal, metabolic and safety outcomes with dapagliflozin vs. placebo by insulin dose and regimen were studied by Cox regression models.

Results: The study included 7,013 insulin users at baseline, with 4,650 (66.3%) patients on regimens including SA insulin. Insulin doses varied with 2,443 (34.8%) patients receiving <0.5 IU/kg, 2,795 (39.9%) 0.5-≤1 IU/kg and 1,339 (19.1%) >1 IU/kg. Dapagliflozin reduced cardiovascular death/hospitalization for heart failure among overall insulin users (HR [95% CI] 0.82[0.69-0.97]), and consistently in patients on insulin regimens with or without SA insulin (HR 0.83[0.67-1.03] and 0.78[0.57-1.07] respectively, Pinteraction= 0.75). No heterogeneity was observed by insulin dose (Pinteraction = 0.43). The HR for major adverse cardiovascular events with dapagliflozin among insulin users (HR 0.84[0.74-0.97]) was similar irrespective of regimen or dose (Pinteraction 0.75 and 0.07, respectively). Dapagliflozin reduced the rate of adverse renal outcomes overall, and consistently across subgroups of insulin users. Decreases in HbA1c, weight and systolic blood pressure with dapagliflozin were seen regardless of insulin dose or regimen. The known safety profile of dapagliflozin was unchanged in patients on intensive insulin regimens. 

Conclusions: The benefits and safety of dapagliflozin were maintained in high-risk patients receiving high-dose or intensive insulin regimens including SA insulin.
Qualitative Analysis of Factors Supporting Child Labour Trafficking in Nigeria: Public Perceptions and Cultural Relativism
Authors:   Ekiti State University, Nigeria, Omotoso Femi , Oladeji Olayide ,   Nigerian Army College of Education, Nigeria, Alokan Babatunde ,   Ekiti State University, Nigeria
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to establish how socio-cultural and economic factors support the endemicity of child labour trafficking in Nigeria. The research was conducted among rural and urban households and stakeholders in southern Nigeria. A field survey was conducted in Ekiti, Edo, Kwara, Lagos, and Osun States. The study utilised cultural relativism and the margin of appreciation theories. The qualitative research approach used in-depth interviews, focus groups, and personal observation methods to collect data. Researchers interviewed 70 participants, including parents/guardians, stakeholders (government officials and private agency representatives), traffickers, trafficked children, and their employers. Societal context, especially the perception of child rights, plays an essential role in creating conditions in which child labour trafficking flourishes and constrains global efforts to eliminate the problem. Specifically, findings revealed that poverty, banditry/terrorism, religious practices, socialisation, fostering, cheap labour/urbanization, and materialism are key socio-economic factors contributing to the incidences of child labour trafficking in Nigeria. The paper concludes that international child labour trafficking continues because conditions within states maintain enabling environments for child rights violations. Consequently, understanding socio-cultural and economic contexts within states is essential to develop policies and practices that help curb or minimise the harm of international child labour trafficking.
Taide purkaa ihmistieteiden rakentamaa rajaa
Authors: Tuomivaara Salla
Published: November 2022

Tapamme ymmärtää ihmistä ja yhteiskuntaa ovat pitkään perustuneet ihmisen ja eläimen väliseen dualismiin, huolimatta siitä, että luonnontieteellisen ymmärryksen kasvun myötä näkemys ihmisen kuulumisesta eläinkuntaan on hyväksytty. Yhteiskuntatieteillä ja erityisesti sosiologialla on ollut keskeinen rooli sen kertomuksen tuottamisessa, jossa ihmisen ja muiden eläinten välille yhä rakennetaan laadullinen ero. Voiko-tutkimushanke asetti tieteentekijöistä ja taiteilijoista koostuvan ryhmän tarkastelemaan eläinten kertomisen tapoja. Tässä artikkelissa analysoidaan, miten Outimaija Hakalan, Matilda Aaltosen ja Pipsa Longan tekemä taide haastaa perinteisiä, erityisesti sosiologian piirissä tuotettuja käsityksiä ihmisen ja muiden eläinten välisestä erosta ja erillisyydestä. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan sitä, miten nämä tanssi-, teatteri- ja kuvataiteen muodot ovat astuneet ihmisen ja eläimen välille rakennetun dualistisen rajan yli ja pyrkineet lähestymään toislajisten eläinten kokemusmaailmoja ja näitä eläimiä merkityksellisinä toimijoina.
Pengaruh Pendapatan, Jumlah Penduduk dan Luas Wilayah Terhadap Pengeluaran Pemerintah Daerah di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Susanti Delta , Adry Melti Roza , Triani Mike
Published: November 2022

This research purpose to analysis the effect of (1) income, (2) the population, (3) the area of expenditure of local government in West Sumatra. This type of research includes descriptive and inductive. This study uses BPS data 2010-2016 with data analysis method using panel regression (Pooled Analysis) and classical assumption test with stages (1) Multicollinearity test, (2) Heteroscedasticitytest. The results of this study indicate that negative income has a significant effect on government spending. Negative population is not significant to local government spending. And then, the last variable the size of the area has a significant negative effect on the expenditure of the local government in accordance with the research of Nazara and Nurkholis.
Analisis Fluktuasi Cadangan Devisa: studi kasus Indonesia, Vietnam, dan Malaysia
Authors: Rangkuty Dewi Mahrani , Rusiadi Rusiadi , Ramadhani Kiki
Published: November 2022

This study aims to analyze of fluctuations in foreign exchange reserves in three developing countries using time series data for the period 2000-2018 with the Research Method Of Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The results showed that foreign exchange reserves were the leading indicator in three developing countries (Indonesia, Vietnam, and Malaysia) but were unstable in the short run.  In the long and short term, significant variables affect fluctuations in foreign exchange reserves in three developing countries, namely exports and foreign debt. It is recommended to the Government to increase exports rather than imports to increase gold reserves which can later increase output towards economic growth.
Kemajuan Teknologi dan Kecepatan Perputaran Uang: Studi Kasus Indonesia
Authors: Huljannah Mutia , Satria Doni
Published: November 2022

Technological developments and financial innovations, especially in the payment system, have encouraged banks around the world to carry out a number of innovations that have resulted in a new paperless based financial system. The finding that the payment system innovation affects the circulation of money and the stability of the monetary condition of a country, makes this risk possible in Indonesia. By using the error correction model, this study can provide information on the short run dynamic relationship and the impact of payment system innovation represented by non cash payment instruments such as credit cards, debit cards, e-money and payment transaction settlement processes (national clearing system and real time gross settlement) on the velocity of money in Indonesia in the period 2016M1 to 2020M6. The results of the research findings state that the impact generated by the rapid velocity of payment system innovation on the velocity of money circulation is not temporary, this is evidenced by the effect of payment system innovation on the velocity of money circulation which continues over a long period of time.
Pengaruh Transfer Pemerintah Pusat terhadap Tax Effort Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Devianti Army , Putri Dewi Zaini
Published: November 2022

This study aims to estimate and explain the effect of government transfers on District/City Tax Effort in West Sumatra Province during the period 2012-2019. This type of research is quantitative research using secondary data with Panel Regression analysis model to analyze the effect of government transfers in the form of general allocation funds, profit sharing funds and special allocation funds on Tax Effort . The estimation results show that the General Allocation Fund, Revenue Sharing Fund and Special Allocation Fund have an effect on the growth of Regency/City Tax Effort in West Sumatra Province.
Pengaruh Hubungan Dagang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi: Studi Kasus Indonesia dengan China
Authors: L Siti Nuraysiah , Anis Ali
Published: November 2022

This study examines the impact of trade relation between Indonesia with China on Indonesian economic growth by using dependen variabel as net-eksport, exchange rate, and money supply start from the periode 1990 to 2019. The result analiysis by using Multiple Linear Regression obtained that: (1) Net-eksport has a negative and significant effect on Indenesian economic growth with significance of 0.0394; (2) Indonesian exchange rate against the US$ has negative and significant effect on Indonesian economic growth with significance of 0.0240; (3) Indonesian money supplay has positive and not significant effect on Indonesian economic growth with significance of 0.2576; (4) Based on the resaults of the test simultaneous effect independent variabel on dependent variabel then the result is, simultaniously varibel net-ekspor, kurs and money supply has significant on Indonesian economic growth as 46%.
Persepsi Bank pada Pelaksanaan Restrukturisasi Kredit di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Siagian Bekman , Swasthika Endang , Widiputra Harya D , Taurusianingsih Dyah N
Published: November 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a direct or indirect impact on banking. This study aims to investigate the conditions and perceptions of the banking industry in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic and credit restructuring policies in Indonesia. This study is the result of a survey of 35 Perbanas member banks representing all bank groups based on their core capital. The results of the descriptive analysis found that the banking industry was quite strong, responded well to the shocks that occurred, and had strong optimism about the banking recovery. This condition is considered to support Indonesia's financial stability.