bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classical and quantum tensor product expanders
Authors: Hastings M.B. , Harrow A.W.
Published: March 2021

We introduce the concept of quantum tensor product expanders. These generalize the concept of quantum expanders, which are quantum maps that are efficient randomizers and use only a small number of Kraus operators. Quantum tensor product expanders act on several copies of a given system, where the Kraus operators are tensor products of the Kraus operator on a single system. We begin with the classical case, and show that a classical two-copy expander can be used to produce a quantum expander. We then discuss the quantum case and give applications to the Solovay-Kitaev problem. We give probabilistic constructions in both classical and quantum cases, giving tight bounds on the expectation value of the largest nontrivial eigenvalue in the quantum case.
Topological cluster state quantum computing
Authors: Fowler A.G. , Goyal K.
Published: March 2021

The quantum computing scheme described by Raussendorf et. al (2007), when viewed as a cluster state computation, features a 3-D cluster state, novel adjustable strength error correction capable of correcting general errors through the correction of Z errors only, a threshold error rate approaching 1% and low overhead arbitrarily long-range logical gates. In this work, we review the scheme in detail framing the discussion solely in terms of the required 3-D cluster state and its stabilizers.
SLOCC classification for nine families of four-qubits
Authors: Li D.-F. , Li X.-R. , Huang H.-T. , Li X.-X.
Published: March 2021

In 2000, D\"{u}r, Vidal and Cirac indicated that there are infinitely many SLOCC classes for four qubits. Later, Verstraete, Dehaene, and Verschelde proposed nine families of states corresponding to nine different ways of entangling four qubits. And then in 2007 Lamata et al. reported that there are eight true SLOCC entanglement classes of four qubits up to permutations of the qubits. In this paper, we investigate SLOCC classification of the nine families proposed by Verstraete, Dehaene and Verschelde, and distinguish 49 true SLOCC entanglement classes from them.
Tobacco Production Practice of Smallholder in Bilate, Wolaita and Hawassa tobacco farms, Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Daniel , Tadesse Mekonnen
Published: March 2021

This study was conducted tobacco growing farmers’ house hold in the Wolaita ,Bilatte and Hawassa tobacco farms in Southern Nations, Nationalities and peoples’ Regional state, Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to investigate socioeconomic and technical factors that affect tobacco production smallholder tobacco producers at southern Ethiopia. In conducting the research, data relevant to the study were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Prior to interviewed back ground information and secondary data were collected from extension section of each tobacco development farm. Two peasant associations (PAs) were selected totally 30 sample farmers were randomly selected from each district based on tobacco production potential. Surveys were used to measured like area of plots with tobacco plants, household farming practiced at present and in the past, other crop species planted before, labor source, farm size and input. The findings from this study point to several recommendations for research, extension, and policy makers. The study recommended technologies to mitigate farmer’s labor shortage, regularly revised price of green tobacco price policies, good relation with local administrator and training of smallholder tobacco producers that would increase number of tobacco producers.
Panorama de los perfiles demográficos, laborales y profesionales de los periodistas en México: Reporte de Investigación
Authors: Márquez-Ramírez Mireya , Hughes Sallie
Published: March 2021

La misión del periodismo en la construcción de una sociedad democrática depende del cumplimiento de condiciones favorables para su ejercicio tanto en el terreno laboral, como en el profesional y particularmente en el sociopolítico. Si bien históricamente el periodismo mexicano ha enfrentado condiciones adversas de instrumentalización política, cooptación, censura y libertad de expresión restringida, son innumerables los episodios en los que diversos medios y periodistas han desvelado la injusticia, la ineficiencia o la corrupción, llamado a cuentas a los poderosos, documentado la violación sistemática de los derechos humanos, o acompañado a las víctimas de diversas formas de violencia. Al tiempo, desde otros lugares del debate, se han cuestionado las relaciones de complicidad y connivencia con el poder, los estándares éticos, las afiliaciones políticas, los estándares profesionales y el compromiso social de muchos otros periodistas y medios.
Covid-19 Salgınının Türkiye Elektrik Profili Üzerindeki Erken Dönem Etkileri
Authors: FİRİK Büşra , IRMAK Erdal
Published: March 2021

Covid-19, ilk olarak Aralık 2019’da Çin’de görülen bir virüs olmakla birlikte yayılımı ve şiddeti nedeniyle 11 Mart 2020’de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından küresel salgın olarak tanımlanmıştır. Aynı tarihte Türkiye’de de ilk vakanın görülmesiyle alınan yerinde ve zamanında önlemler sayesinde salgın eğrisindeki yükselişin önlenmesinde büyük bir başarı sağlanmıştır. Sokağa çıkma kısıtlamaları, bazı işyerlerinin geçici olarak faaliyetlerinin durdurulması, tüm seviyelerde eğitime ara verilmesi ve uzaktan eğitime geçiş, kamuda ve özel sektörde dönüşümlü veya esnek çalışma düzenine geçmesi gibi tedbirlerin elektrik üretim ve tüketim profilinde de etkileri olmuştur. Günlük, haftalık, aylık ve mevsimlik bazda arz-talep oranları değişmiştir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, Covid-19 salgın sürecinin Türkiye elektrik enerjisi profilindeki etkileri, önceki yıllarla karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Sokağa çıkma kısıtlamalarının olduğu günler, resmi tatil günleri, mesai günleri, ramazan ayı ve bayramı, meteorolojik değişimler, yıllık büyüme ve gelişim oranı gibi parametreler özellikle göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Sunulan bu çalışmanın içerdiği detaylı teknik analizler ve değerlendirmeler ile literatüre katkı sağlayacağı ve okuyuculara faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
The Effect of Chronic Alcohol Intoxication on the Daily Rhythm of Some Micromorphometric Parameters of Rat Hepatocytes
Authors: Kirillov Y.A. , Kozlova M.A. , Makartseva L.A. , Areshidze D.A. , Kucher S.A. , Chernov I.A. , Shtemplevskaya E.V.
Published: March 2021

The effect of chronic alcohol intoxication on the daily rhythm of micromorphometric parameters characterizing the morphological and functional state of the liver is studied on 80 male Wistar rats of 6 months age, divided into 2 equal groups. The first group served as control; rats of the second group (experiment) were kept under similar conditions but got as a drink a 15% ethanol solution ad libitum instead of water. After three weeks of the experiment, animals were euthanized consistently at four-time points during the day. The pathomorphological study of the liver was carried out, the daily dynamics of the nucleus and cell (by area and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (NCR)), ploidy of mononuclear hepatocytes, and the proportion of binuclear hepatocytes were measured. The reliability of circadian rhythm (CR) was determined by cosinor analysis. The study indicates complex changes in the organization of rhythmostasis in the experiment. The chrono-destructive effect of experimental alcohol intoxication on the CR of the cell and NCR, as well as the chronomodulating effect to the CR of the nucleus are established. The effect of ethanol on the CR of ploidy and the number of binuclear hepatocytes, as well as on the nature of their variation at the studied time points is established. An increase in the ploidy of hepatocytes and an in the number of binuclear cells is revealed, which indicates the beginning of the deployment of adaptive-compensatory reactions in the organ.
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Avian Influenza H9 in Backyard Poultry Populations of Two Agroecological Zones of Pakistan
Authors: Hasni Muhammad Sajid
Published: March 2021

Avian influenza subtype H9 is epizootic in backyard poultry population of Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two districts of Pakistan from two different agro-ecological zones selected as strata to estimate H9 seroprevalence, virus prevalence and to identify risk factors associated with H9 seroprevalence in backyard poultry. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling method was applied to collect samples (n=420) from two strata (agroecological zone). A total of 210 birds were selected as elementary units from 30 clusters (7x30) in each district from each stratum. Blood and oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from each bird. Sera samples were tested by Hemagglutination Inhibition Test (HI) to detect anti-H9 antibodies and swabs samples were tested by RT-PCR for H9. Overall seroprevalence of H9 in two strata was 57.88% (95% CI 34.88-80.87%), while virus prevalence was calculated to be 3.33%. Four factors were identified to be significantly associated (P<0.05) with H9 seroprevalence in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. The odds for H9 seropositivity were 9.43 times higher in flocks with fighting cockerel compared to those having no fighting cockerel (95% CI 4.68 -18.96). Existence of any pond, canal or any other water body near home premises also enhanced likelihood of H9 seroprevalence (OR: 10.04; 95% CI 3.27- 30.83). Backyard chicken raised with other bird species (like ducks, pigeons, or captive wild birds) had higher chances of H9 seropositivity than chicken raised alone (OR 4.12, 95% CI 1.35-12.56). Visit of any farm vehicle to the village had odds ratio of 20.96 (95% CI 5.74-76.51). Future surveillance is recommended to check the level of disease throughout the country
Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Thiram-induced Tibial Dyschondroplasia
Authors: Liu Bingxian
Published: March 2021

Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (thiram) is an important dithiocarbamate bactericide; it has been widely used for the control of various diseases in fruits, vegetables, seeds and food grains. However, it also causes environmental pollution problems and poses a threat to human health to a certain extent. Thiram induces tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) by causing oxidative stress and antioxidants imbalance in tibial growth plate in poultry. TD is a skeletal abnormality in fastgrowing poultry birds. It has been considered an economically important disease in poultry that affects poultry industry by carcass loss at meat processing plant due to decrease in disease resistance, production performance, and carcass quality and induces breast cysts and osteomyelitis worldwide. Oxidative stress is developed due to the imbalance of free radical oxygen, which disrupts the equilibrium state of oxidant and antioxidant tending to oxidation. This review is based on the current research, mainly to explore the relationship and mechanism between tibial dyschondroplasia and oxidative stress induced by thiram, which provides a new theoretical foundation for the further research of the related mechanism.
Exploration of the Exogenous Male Yak Introduction Breeding Model and its Effects on Tibetan Small-Sized Family Farms
Authors: Wang-Dui Basang
Published: March 2021

A total of three family farms including Village No. 9 in Nima township, Nerong Naqu County (NQA); Village No. 11 in Nima township, Nerong Naqu County (NQB); and Yare township, Gegi County, Ali District (GJ) from three ecology yak populations (EYP) were selected for this study to identify the most optimized mode of exogenous male adult yak introduction (EMI) within EYP for solving the inbreeding problem caused by the small-scale yak husbandry system. Exogenous adult male yaks from the same EYP with different proportions (100% to NQA, 50% to NQB, and 0% to GJ) were introduced, and 10 microsatellites were used to detect the genetic diversity of these populations before (in 2017) and after (in 2019) the introduction of exogenous adult male yaks (EMI). Results showed that the divergence between the observed and the expected heterozygosity of the NQA and NQB populations was reduced in 2019, while the number of markers significantly deviating from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05) and FIS (inbreeding coefficient) within populations decreased compared with that in 2017. In contrast, the FIS of GJ population without EMI continued to increase (from 0.011 to 0.033) over the years 2017 to 2019. Moreover, genetic differences between the populations (Pairwise Fixation index, FST) showed that EMI increased the genetic divergence between populations. Overall, this study shows that the introduction of exogenous male adult yaks not only effectively reduces the degree of population deviation from equilibrium but also decreases the inbreeding level within the population within a few generations. This study also provides a valuable management model for stable yak production on small sized family farms
Traumatic Lumbosacral Joint Dislocation in 3 Dogs: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment and Short-term Follow-up
Authors: G Della Valle
Published: March 2021

Traumatic lumbosacral joint dislocation (TLSJD) without L7 vertebral body fracture is a rare injury in dogs. This report describes clinical presentation, therapy and outcome in 3 dogs. Three crossbreed dogs with non-ambulatory paraparesis and lumbar pain were referred. Radiographs confirmed TLSJD and dorso-ventral displacement (DVD) was measured pre and postoperatively. Case 1 was treated by percutaneous transilial pinning. Cases 2 and 3 were treated by internal fixation with pins and PMMA. Within 72h after surgery all dogs were able to stand and walk, and faecal incontinence resolved. To the author’s knowledge this is the first description of a case series of TLSJD in the dog. The biomechanics of TLSJD in animals have not been investigated. It is likely that a single trauma severely hyper-extends L7-S1 causing disruption of the supra and inter-spinous ligaments with simultaneous shear and compression forces that cause ventral slipping of the sacrum. Pins and PMMA compared to percutaneous transilial pinning, provided more strength and stability. In conclusion, TLSJD requires appropriate surgical reduction and stabilization to allow fibrous healing of the L7-S1 junction, resulting in satisfactory neurological recovery
Bilateral Panophthalmia as a Late Sequel of Leishmaniasis in Dogs
Authors: M. Ali Khaled
Published: March 2021

Fifteen dogs were presented with complete blindness that progressed over 2-4 months. Diagnosis was confirmed that dogs had leishmaniasis through direct observation of the amastigotes within the blood cells, PCR testing and phylogenetic analysis. Gross pathologic and histopathologic examinations were performed for two dogs that were severely debilitated and humanely euthanized. Systemic involvement including decreased appetite (n=8), generalized weight loss (n=4), generalized lymphadenopathy (n=3), icterus (n=3), polyuria and polydepsia (n=2), lethargy (n=5) and four dogs were presented without any systemic involvement. All dogs had bilateral panophthalmia (n=30 eyes) manifested by cataract, anterior uveitis, posterior uveitis, retinal detachment, peri-ocular alopecia, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratoconjunctivitis and glaucoma. Detailed ultrasonographic ocular lesions were described; histopathological examination confirmed the ongoing changes within the eye. Leishmaniasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dogs with bilateral ocular involvement especially those not responding to symptomatic medicinal therapy.
Coding Environment and Exploration Curriculum for Max-Min Optimizations with an Evolution Strategy
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Kang Hanbyeol , Lee Misook , Cho Hanhyuk
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop a curriculum of school mathematics and artificial intelligence regarding max-min problems. We also developed a coding environment for a designed curriculum that can be accessed and utilized at codingmath.org without any additional installation. The curriculum uses an evolution strategy-based gradient descent method founded on a school probability and statistics curriculum with an experiment using dice; this curriculum is designed to work when the function is not differentiable and is ultimately linked to a calculus-based gradient descent method. The coding environment, in which even middle school students can visualize the min-max problem of f(x,y), uses a three-dimensional function graph with minimal coding inputs and explores the gradient descent process using a two-dimensional Python animation. This study, which is an attempt to combine mathematical problem solving and computational thinking in the context of max-min problems, further discusses ideas regarding the ways to integrate AI and coding in mathematics education.
Promoting In-service Teacher’s Mathematical Modeling Teaching Competencies by Implementing and Modifying Mathematical Modeling Tasks
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Jung Hye-Yun , Lee Kyeong-Hwa
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate how teachers demonstrate ‘mathematical modeling teaching competencies’ (MMTCs) by implementing and modifying mathematical modeling tasks, as well as to suggest how teacher education should support teachers for teaching mathematical modeling. A teacher with three years of teaching experience participated in this study. Data sources include transcripts, student worksheets, interviews and the researcher’s field notes. The findings indicate that the participant edited tasks to improve the realism and complexity of mathematical modeling tasks. The edits included simplifying and specifying; the participant also decomposed tasks into multiple subtasks. Through iterative implementations and modifications, the participant improved his MMTCs in four dimensions -- diagnostic, theoretical, task, and instructional dimensions were promoted in relays and cyclically. The implementation and modification of the task contributed to connecting theoretical knowledge and practical competencies to mathematical modeling. The study recommends the following areas of need in order to develop teachers’ MMTCs: combining theoretical and practical experiences, improving teachers’ diagnostic competencies, and creating teacher-researcher communities.
An Analysis of Teachers’ Pedagogical Design Capacity for Multicultural Mathematics Education
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Song Ryoonjin , Ju Mi-Kyung
Published: March 2021

This research aims to investigate the teachers’ pedagogical design capacity for multicultural mathematics education. For the purpose, we collected teaching plans developed by inservice teachers who registered in a multicultural mathematics teacher education course of graduate level. The analysis focused on how the teachers reorganized mathematical contents and adapted instructional strategies in order to achieve the instructional goals. The analysis shows that the teachers applied the ‘Principle of Equity’ most frequently compared to other principles of multicultural mathematics education. This means that it is necessary to provide teacher education programs to enhance teachers’ understanding of ethnomathematics and to develop PCK to reorganize curricula contents by integrating ethnomathematics. Second, it was observed that the teachers experienced difficulty in adapting the levels of multicultural mathematics education coherently.
This suggests that when teachers tried to design lessons from a new perspective, they often turned back to teacher-centered teaching practices that they had been used to. Third, in the teaching plans adapting the ‘Principle of Transformation’, although Level 4 appeared most frequently, mathematical contents and social issues were placed separately without being integrated. Although the course helped the teachers recognize the relationship between mathematics and human practice, the teachers might keep their previous beliefs about mathematics as academic knowledge separated from human life. Thus, this limitation may persist without a change of the teachers’ beliefs regarding the cultural origin of mathematics. Based on the results, we draw implications for the future development of multicultural mathematics teacher education.
Impact of COVID -19 on Pilot Proficiency – A Risk Analysis
Authors: Rajee Olaganathan  , Roli Angelo H Amihan
Published: March 2021

Pilot proficiency is essential in the aviation industry to maintain a safety record for successfully operating airlines. The current COVID-19 scenario has made it practically difficult for pilots to achieve the federal requirements stated in Title 14 CFR 121.439 (a) and 14 CFR 61.57 (a) (1). It has placed a burden on pilots to maintain their currency and proficiency related to cost and lack of aircraft access due to furloughs and lay-offs. The purpose of the first part of this study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on global air traffic based on the data collected from the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS). The second part of this research study aims to assess the pilot’s proficiency before and after COVID-19 was officially declared as pandemic to identify any threats to aviation safety based on the incident reports submitted in the Aviation Safety Reporting System. The findings show that the highest reduction in flight operations was observed during May 2020 with -70.67 % compared with May 2019 at the global level. Middle East region witnessed a -57.35 % reduction in flight operations. Based on the number of flights operated in the year 2020, the Asia-Pacific region was the most affected region with 4,913,303 fewer flights than in the year 2019. For the U.S. domestic air traffic, a severe impact occurred in May 2020 with a -70.88 % reduction and 532,834 fewer flights than in May 2019 which was similar to the global air traffic trend. The number of incident reports filed by pilots regarding proficiency-related to COVID-19 issues in the ASRS data analysis increased by 1000% during this pandemic period. The results and recommendations of this research study will provide valuable information to the aviation industry that can aid in developing mitigation measures to decrease future aviation accidents related to pilot proficiency.
Animal Welfare in China
Authors: Li Peter
Published: March 2021

In Animal Welfare in China, Peter Li explores the key animal welfare challenges facing China now, including animal agriculture, bear farming, and the trade and consumption of exotic wildlife, dog meat, and other controversial products. He considers how Chinese policymakers have approached these issues and speaks with activists from China’s growing animal rights movement.
Fallen Among Reformers
Authors: Lee Janet
Published: March 2021

‘Fallen Among Reformers’ focuses on Stella Miles Franklin’s New Woman protest literature written during her time in Chicago with the National Women’s Trade Union League (1906-1915). This time away from literary pursuits enriched Franklin’s literary productivity and provided a feminist social justice ethics, which shaped her writing. Close readings of Franklin’s (mostly unpublished) short stories, plays, and novels contextualises them in the personal politics of her everyday life and historicises them in the socio-economic and literary realities of early twentieth-century Australia and United States: themes embedded in broader cultural patterns of socialism, pacifism, and feminism.
Dingo Bold
Authors: Lennox Rowena
Published: March 2021

Dingo Bold is a thought-provoking exploration of the relationship between people and dingoes. At its heart is Rowena Lennox's encounter with a dingo on the beach on K’gari (Fraser Island), a young male she nicknames Bold. Struck by this experience, and by the intense, often polarised opinions expressed in public conversations about dingo conservation and control, she sets out to understand the complex relationship between humans and dingoes. Weaving together ecological data, interviews with people connected personally and professionally with K’gari’s dingoes, and Lennox's expansive reading of literary, historical and scientific accounts, Dingo Bold considers what we know about the history of relations between dingoes and humans, and what preconceptions shape our attitudes today. Do we see dingoes as native wildlife or feral dogs? Wild or domesticated animals? A tourist attraction or a threat? And how do our answers to these questions shape our interactions with them?
Hubungan Jumlah Kelahiran Anak (Litter Size) terhadap Bobot Lahir, Mortalitas Selama Menyusu dan Bobot Sapih Anakan Kelinci Lokal
Authors: Hakim Muhammad Arif Rahman , Susanto Edy , Aspriati Dyah Wahyuning
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan jumlah anak (Litter Size) terhadap bobot lahir, mortalitas selama menyusu dan bobot sapih anakan kelinci lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang nyata antara Litter size (r = -0,005) terhadap bobot lahir pada anakan kelinci lokal dengan korelasi determinasi 2,631 dan persamaan regresi Y-8,121 + X-0,035 dan  berkorelasi nyata terhadap bobot sapih(r = -0,030) pada anakan kelinci local dengan korelasi determinasi -0,0009 dan persamaan regresi Y 1.112,90 + X -10,94. Namun tidak terdapat hubungan yang nyata antara litter size  (r = 0,142) terhadap mortalitas selama menyusu pada anakan kelinci lokal. Dengan korelasi determinasi -0,020 dan persamaan regresi 0,91 + 0,155.
NILAI PERILAKU YANG BENAR DALAM BUKU TEKS BAHASA INGGRIS KELAS X SMA
Authors: Napitupulu Jelita Farni
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi tetang nilai humanistik perilaku yang benar yang ditinjau dari monolog, dialog, dan latihan dalam buu teks pelajaran bahasa Inggris SMA. Buku yang digunakan adalah buku teks bahasa Inggris SMA kelas X penerbit Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis isi.Data dikumpulkan melalui tahapan pembacaan buku teks secara seksama, mengidentifikasi, pengkodean, dan pengklasifikasian. Prosedur analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis isi oleh Philip Marying. Analisis dan interpretasi data menunjukkan bahwa: 1) nilai perilaku yang benar yang mendominasi ditinjau dari teks latihan adalah nilai kemampuan beretika dengan indikator pola aturan. 2) Nilai perilaku yang benar yang mendominasi ditinjau dari teks dialog adalah nilai kemampuan sosial dengan indikator hubungan baik. 3)Nilai perilaku yang benar yang mendominasi ditinjau dari teks monolog adalah nilai dalam kemampuan beretika dengan indikator ketekunan.Hasil temuan mengarah pada rekomendasi untuk menjadikan penelitian ini sebagai model pengembangan kajian dalam buku teks pelajaran berbasis nilai-nilai humanistik sehingga dapat melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan objek kajian yang lain dalam buku teks. Hal ini juga direkomendasikan kepada para pendidik dan siswa untuk menggali nilai-nilai humanistik dalam buku teks yang relevan agar berimplikasi pada pengembangan pendidikan karakter.Â Kata Kunci: Buku Teks Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris, Nilai Humanistik, Nilai Perilaku Benar
THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND ATTITUDE ON BEHAVIORAL INTENTION IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL CARRIER’S SERVICE FAILURE
Authors:   Taibah University, College of Business Administration, 42353 Medina, Saudi Arabia, AL-GHARAIBEH Owais B. , ARIFFIN Ahmad Azmi M. ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM-Graduate School of Business, 43600 UKM Bangi, Malaysia
Published: March 2021

Studies on the service failures involving a national carrier are still very limited. This present study strives to investigate the relationship between brand attitudes and behavioral intentions in the context of national carrier’s service failures as well as the moderating effect of causal attribution on the above main relationship. Data were collected from 419 airline passengers using the purposive sampling technique. Path analysis was used to analyze the data. The effect of brand attitude on behavioral intention is found to be positive significantly. The results also showed that out of the two dimensions of causal attribution, only stability moderates the relationship between brand attitudes on behavioral intention.
How do we learn music? Collecting feedback from Kastamonu University music students
Authors:   Music Education Department, Faculty of Education, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey, Kabataş Mustafa
Published: March 2021

The study studied how students studying music at Kastamonu University learn about music and whether they receive additional help in 2020. The first study detailed in this article focused on identifying student perceptions and how they learned music, and aimed to come up with suggestions on how to better meet the needs of music students. To do this, we conducted two focus group interviews with music graduate (N = 6) and undergraduate (N = 4) students. Participants said that the timing of the study should better reflect their work and that the studies should be more disciplinary and better designed for graduate students. They also felt that they did not get enough critical feedback and there was a lack of standardization in the training and concert work. However, the participants also felt that the teachers were helpful, the programming contributed well to their work and the support increased their confidence. Two unexpected findings were that students generally access some form of programming offered by the school rather than take advantage of the diverse offerings, and students have misconceptions about the possibilities the school offers and how to use them. It is hoped that this study will help inform other student academic support services about focus group research for the purpose of collecting music program evaluation and student feedback.
ANALYSIS OF PRESS HEADLINES FROM KROSNOCITY.PL AND KROSNO24.PL WEB PORTALS IN KROSNO
Authors:   Rzeszów University, Smerecka Honorata
Published: March 2021

The analysis of press headlines from the krosnocity.pl and krosno24.pl news portals in Krosno allowed to distinguish features and ways of creating headlines in the local press: from schematic constructions to metaphors, word games, hyperbolization of events and quoting statements. During the linguistic research, several key functions of local Internet portals also emerged: it is primarily to inform about the most important events from the region, but also to support the development of the city, promote local products and businesses, take care of the good name and the interests of its inhabitants and make their achievements and passions known.
TESTIMONIAL IN (NEW) MEDIA
Authors:   Rzeszów University, Majchrowska Justyna
Published: March 2021

The linguistic research of (the new) media so far has mainly focused on the analysis of content from broadcasters – people publishing on the Internet in order to convince the potential recipients to enter the website, read articles, explore the website as well as return after leaving it – in exchange for the material or financial benefit. Several years of observation of a variety of text types existing in the media shows that not only texts from broadcasters make it possible to notice and maintain this attention of recipients. Nowadays, similarly as in marketing and advertising, in the media (but not only there) the essential and productive content comes from the recipient. The subject of this quantitative and qualitative linguistic analysis is the title testimonial as a rapidly growing persuasive (promotional) trend in (new) media and a response to the challenges of the modern society.
SOCIAL NETWORKS AND BLOGS AS TOOLS PR-CAMPAIGN IMPLEMENTATIONS
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Hotsur Oksana
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the ways in which social networks and the blogosphere influence the formation and implementation of a PR campaign. Examples from the political sphere (election campaigns, initiatives), business (TV brands, traditional and online media) have revealed the opportunities that Facebook, Telegram, Twitter, YouTube and blogs promote in promoting advertising, ideas, campaigns, thoughts, or products. Author blogs created on special websites or online media may not be as much of a tool in PR as an additional tool on social media. It is noted that choosing a blog as the main tool of PR campaign has both positive and negative points. Social networks intervene in the sphere of human life, become a means of communication, promotion, branding. The effectiveness of social networks has been evidenced by such historically significant events as Brexit, the Arab Spring, and the Revolution of Dignity. Special attention was paid to the 2019 presidential election. Based on the analysis of individual PR campaigns, the reasons for successful and unsuccessful campaigns from the point of view of network communication, which provide unlimited multimedia and interactive tools for PR, are highlighted. In fact, these concepts significantly affect the effectiveness of the implementation of PR-campaign, its final effectiveness, which is determined by the achievement of goals. Attention is drawn to the culture of communication during the PR campaign, as well as the concepts of “trolls”, “trolling”, “bots”, “botoin industry”. The social communication component of these concepts is unconditional. Choosing a blog as the main tool of a marketing campaign has both positive and negative aspects. Only a person with great creative potential can run and create a blog. In addition, it takes a long time. In fact, these two points are losing compared to other internet marketing tools. Further research is interesting in two respects. First, a comparison of the dynamics of the effectiveness of PR-campaign tools in Ukraine in 2020 and in the past, in particular, at the dawn of state independence. Secondly, to investigate how/or the concept of PR-campaigns in social networks and blogs is constantly changing.
FILM PRODUCTION IN POLAND. STAGES: FROM AN IDEA TO THE SCREEN
Authors:   Rzeszów University, Bożek Małgorzata
Published: March 2021

The Polish film system is characterized by a variety of forms. Michał Zabłocki, the author of the comprehensive study of the «Organization of the production of feature film in Poland», isolates two models of world cinema: a producer and a producer – director. The first one features the dominant role of the producer, which means the person who is responsible for the work of all the film departments – direction, cinematography, production management, scenography and costume design. The second one, the model which is still the most popular in Poland, assumes close cooperation between the producer and the director.
«INTELLECTUAL DARK WEB» AND PECULIARITIES OF PUBLIC DEBATE IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Melnyk Andriy
Published: March 2021

The article focuses on the «Intellectual Dark Web», an informal group of scholars, publicists, and activists who openly opposed the identity politics, political correctness, and the dominance of leftist ideas in American intellectual life. The author examines the reasons for the emergence of this group, names the main representatives and finds that the existence of «dark intellectuals» is the evidence of important problems in US public discourse. The term «Intellectual Dark Web» was coined by businessman Eric Weinstein to describe those who openly opposed restrictions on freedom of speech by the state or certain groups on the grounds of avoiding discrimination and hate speech. Extensive discussion of the phenomenon of «dark intellectuals» began after the publication of Barry Weiss’s article «Meet the renegades from the «Intellectual Dark Web» in The New York Times in 2018. The author writes of «dark intellectuals» as an informal group of «rebellious thinkers, academic apostates, and media personalities» who felt isolated from traditional channels of communication and therefore built their own alternative platforms to discuss awkward topics that were often taboo in the mainstream media. One of the most prominent members of this group, Canadian clinical psychologist Jordan Peterson, publicly opposed the C-16 Act in September 2016, which the Canadian government aimed to implement initiatives that would prevent discrimination against transgender people. Peterson called it a direct interference with the right to freedom of speech and the introduction of state censorship. Other members of the group had a similar experience that their views were not accepted in the scientific or media sphere. The existence of the «Intellectual Dark Web» indicates the problem of political polarization and the reduction of the ability to find a compromise in the American intellectual sphere and in American society as a whole.
MEDIA DISCOURSE AROUND THE FIGURE OF ORIANA FALLACHI AND HER JOURNALISM DURING 2017–2020
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Melnyk Olesia
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the media discourse around the figure of Oriana Fallachi and her journalistic work during 2017-2020. The actual media image of the figure of Fallachi is highlighted, examples of positive and negative statements are given. It is substantiated why her journalism should be researched in various ways, taking into account other aspects of her work that are not related to Islamophobia. The subject of the study is critical texts in modern foreign media dedicated to the author’s work. The objective of the study is to outline the media discourse around the figure of Oriana Fallaci and her journalism during 2017-2020. The methodology. The following methods have been used in the process of scientific research: historical, comparative, systems analysis, content synthesis, and others. The main results. In total, we have analyzed eight materials in foreign publications, published over the past 3 years, as well as the two most famous biographies of Oriana Fallaci. Some of the most recent reviewed texts have been published in the last few months, reflecting the interest in the author’s journalism, her writing, and reporting. Therefore, we see the need for further tracking and analysis of this body of texts. Conclusions. Critics of Fallaci express polar views that are not all negative. Authors re­commend quite cautiously her texts for reading, emphasizing their positive aspects. Both Fallaci’s biographies are also not entirely complementary: some aspects of her work are glorified, others are condemned. We managed to find general tendencies in the criticism of Oriana Fallaci’s journalism. These include accusations of xenophobia and Islamophobia, uncompromisingness, lack of political correctness, and moral value. The authors emphasize, at the same time, the openness and directness that bribe the reader, patriotism and honesty, strength of spirit and firmness of position. Significance of the research. The analysis of the latest criticism reveals what kind of media image Fallachi’s figure has today, and gives the possibility to research it for demonization and one-sided coverage. This is important not only for thorough research of the author’s work but also for understanding how the modern world perceives journalism, which is contrary to the generally accepted principles of political correctness, journalistic ethics, and humanity.
UKRAINIAN JOURNALISM IN GREAT BRITAIN
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Zhytaryuk Maryan
Published: March 2021

Professor M. Zhytaryuk’s review is about a book scientific novelty – a monograph by Professor M. Tymoshyk «Ukrainian journalism in the diaspora: Great Britain. Monograph. K.: Our culture and science, 2020. 500 p. – il., Them. pok., resume English, German, Polish.». Well-known scientist and journalism critic, Professor M. S. Tymoshyk, wrote a thorough work, which, in terms of content, is a combination of a monograph, a textbook and a scientific essay. This book can be useful for both students and practicing journalists or anyone interested in the history of the Ukrainian diaspora, Ukrainian journalism and Ukrainian culture. The author dedicated his work to Stepan Yarmus from Winnipeg, Canada – archpriest, journalist, editor, professor. As the epigraph to the book were taken the words of Ivan Bagryany: «Our press, born under the sword of Damocles of repatriation», not only survived and survived to this day, but also showed a brilliant ability to grow and develop. It was shown that beggars that had come to the West without money at heart can and know how to act so organized. It was also an example of how a modern «enbolshevist» and «denationalized» by the occupier man person is capable of a combined mass action».
Online Student Support: A Framework for Embedding Support Interventions into the Online Learning Cycle
Authors: Rotar Olga
Published: March 2021

Support is one of the vital elements of online students’ success. Although many support strategies have been documented in the past, less is known at what stages of the learning cycle suggested interventions can be best embedded into the online learning curriculum. This paper aims to address this gap. First, it offers a systematic review of the empirical research on effective support interventions, as well as analyses recommendations for student support retrieved from the research on online student attrition and retention. Secondly, by utilizing an Inclusive Student Services Process Model, this paper indicates areas where considered strategies can be embedded into the online learning cycle. The analysis suggests that support strategies and services offered at different stages of students learning cycle and embrace all the aspects of the university experience, including administrative and pastoral, hold a great potential for ensuring online student success. Yet, there is a need for the development of the criteria of quality and effectiveness of existing support interventions.
Strengthening the Foundations: An Introduction to the Role of Conceptual Metaphor Theory in Art Therapy
Authors: Thomley Amelia , Safron Adam
Published: March 2021

This paper offers an introduction to conceptual metaphor theory (CMT), rooted in the cognitive linguistics field of study, and its application to art therapy theory and practice. Utilizing comics as a form of further elaboration and explanation, this manuscript is divided into four main sections: 1) an overview of current theories of conceptual metaphor, 2) a review of metaphor in art therapy, 3) an introduction to metaphor in comics, and 4) a discussion of how CMT applies to art therapy practice. Additionally, the appendix includes an encapsulation of these ideas in the form of a comic. CMT proposes that metaphor is one of the main ways that humans are able to have abstract thought, and argues that metaphors often 1) work from the concrete to the abstract, 2) are based in bodily experience, and 3) build on each other over time, forming interconnected conceptual systems. Simultaneously, the field of art therapy utilizes metaphor in the understanding of both the process and product of art-making. The authors put forth that the work being done in cognitive linguistics can enhance and support the work being done in art therapy, and that CMT will further our understanding of art therapy pedagogy and practice.
Social Network Communication: Emojis and EFL learners’ Writing Issues
Authors: Algaraady Jeehaan , Mahyoob Mohammad
Published: March 2021

This study aims to find out the impacts of using emojis by EFL learners on their writing skills and highlight the learners’ attitudes towards this new communication phenomenon. It discusses the different uses of emojis in social media apps, investigates the reasons for the rise of using emojis in everyday social interaction, and to which extent the occurrence of this pictographic script can substitute the written language. A qualitative and quantitative analysis has been applied in this investigation where a survey-based questionnaire was distributed among 143 EFL learners in Taibah University in Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA (analysis of variables) are used to analyze the obtained data. The results show that the p-value of the study variables is equal to one which is much bigger than alpha and there is no big difference between the variables’ estimation in the participants’ responses, i.e. the emojis’ use in texting affects the use of the language. Moreover, the findings display that the use of emojis and short forms (contractions and acronyms) in text messages form a real threat to the standard and non-standard languages. The outcomes of this study make it clear this new sort of communication may replace mainly languages where social media users found that emojis best represent their feelings and thoughts. This research concluded that the use of emojis has an important role in interpersonal communications, however, standard writing skills would be negatively affected using these newly emerged communication tools. The consequences of these impacts are aptly evidenced in the form of spelling, structural errors, and weakness of expressions in EFL learners’ language learning.
Analisis Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor dalam upaya Meningkatkan Penerimaan Pajak Daerah pada Kantor Bersama Samsat Jakarta Timur Tahun 2015-2018
Authors: Avidaniar Bintary Abharina
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the compliance of motor vehicle taxpayers and to find out the obstacles, stimulus, and strategies that are carried out in increasing local tax revenues in East Jakarta’s One Roof System (Samsat). The research method is a Qualitative approach with descriptive research type. The results of the study on Compliance in East Jakarta Samsat are fairly good, this is supported by indicators from research such as good registration because taxpayers have followed and know the procedures well, the reports carried out by East Jakarta samsat are in accordance with the specified schedule, Payment of taxpayers in Samsat is fairly good with increasing taxpayers obeying each year in 2018 the highest percentage of compliant taxpayers reaching 60% with taxpayers totaling 1,296,666 but arrears in tax payable in East Jakarta are quite high in 2017 the amount of arrears from Taxes Motorized vehicles reached Rp. 90,568,276,707, - however, the realization of motor vehicle tax revenues has reached its target each year. Obstacles to the existence of taxpayers are not compliant because Taxpayers' awareness is still lacking due to busyness causing negligence and forgetting to carry out tax obligations and online payment processes are constrained by the lack of understanding of taxpayers about E-Samsat, while other obstacles are due to Taxpayer Data which is not appropriate, taxpayers who postpone payment of tax fines are waiting for the elimination of administrative fines so that the efforts made by East Jakarta Samsat provide strict sanctions to taxpayers who do not pay motor vehicle tax, provide taxpayers in paying taxes, and carry out programs elimination of administrative fines
Manfaat dan Dampak Digitalisasi Logistik di Era Industri 4.0
Authors: Raza Erwin , Sabaruddin La Ode , Komala Aziza Leila
Published: March 2021

All the time, innovative and new technologies continue to be developed. This forces anyone involved in the logistics industry to adapt so as not to be left behind and experience adverse effects. With the 4.0 industrial revolution, now many companies are starting to implement digitalization in their logistics activities. There are five main technologies that must be considered in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution, namely Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Wearable Technology (WT), Advanced Robotic (AR) and 3D Printing (3DP). This research was conducted to explore the benefits and impacts of digitizing the logistics process in the Industrial 4.0 era by examining it from various sources. The results showed that the use of technology for digitizing logistics provided many benefits both for individuals and for corporate organizations. The stakeholders are expected to be able to work together adequately to ensure the technology present in the Industrial 4.0 era provides the benefits that are expected.