bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of strong intersite Coulomb interaction on the topological properties of a superconducting nanowire
Authors: Shustin M.S.  , Aksenov S.V.
Published: January 2023

For superconducting nanowire with the pairing of extended s-type symmetry, Rashba spin-orbit interaction in a magnetic field, the influence of strong intersite charge correlations on single-particle Majorana excitations is analyzed. This problem is investigated on the basis of the density matrix renormalization group numerical method. It is shown that with an increase in the repulsion intensity of electrons located at the neighboring sites, two subbands emerge in the lower Hubbard band of the open system. Based on calculations of the Majorana polarization and degeneracy of the entanglement spectrum, it was found that a topologically nontrivial phase with one edge state survives at the edge of each of the subbands where the concentration of electrons or holes is minimal. Keywords: superconducting nanowires, Majorana zero modes, strong electron correlations.
In situ TEM study of phase transformations in nonstoichiometric Ni-=SUB=-46-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-41-=/SUB=-In-=SUB=-13-=/SUB=- Heusler alloy
Authors: Kuznetsov D. D.  , Kuznetsova E. I.  , Mashirov A. V.  , Loshachenko A. S.  , Danilov D. V.  , Shandryuk G. A.  , Shavrov V. G.  , Koledov V. V.
Published: January 2023

This paper presents a study of the metamagnetostructural transition of the martensitic type in the Ni46Mn41In13 alloy with magnetic shape memory and inverse magnetocaloric effect. The characteristic temperatures of the direct transition starting M_s=253 K and its finishing M_f=164 K, as well as the reverse temperatures A_s=203 K and A_f=236 K, respectively, were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The characteristic peculiarities of the transition: a decrease of the Ms and the presence of a residual austenite phase, as well as pre-martensitic states, were studied using transmission electron microscopy. The estimated the thickness of alloy was 50 nm, when martensitic transition suppressed. Keywords: martensitic transformation, metamagnetostructural transformation, premartensitic states.
The influence of the PZT buffer layer on electrophysical properties of MDM structures with the BST film
Authors: Afanasiev M. S.  , Belorusov D.A.  , Kiselev D. A.  , Sivov A. A.  , Chucheva G. V.
Published: January 2023

Films of the composition Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 (BST) were synthesized by the method of high-frequency (HF) sputtering on the buffer layer of a ferroelectric film of the composition PbZrxTi1-xO3 (PZT). Comparative results of electrophysical properties of three different metal--dielectric--metal (MDM)-structures are presented: Pt/BST/Ni, Pt/PZT/Ni, and Pt/PZT-BST/Ni. Keywords: metal--dielectric--metal structures, ferroelectric films of composition Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3, a buffer layer, electrophysical properties.
Negative dynamic dielectric permittivity of a ceramic multiferroic LuFe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- with oxygen nonstoichiometry under the combined influence of temperature and electric field
Authors: Gadjiev G. M.  , Gamzatov A G.  , Aliev R A.  , Abakarova N S.  , Markelova M N.  , Kaul’ A R.
Published: January 2023

The temperature dependences (100-380 K) of the dielectric constant and conductivity of a ceramic multiferroic LuFe2O4 with oxygen nonstoichiometry, measured at alternating current (1, 10, 100 kHz, 1 MHz) and in a static electric field (0-7.1 V/mm), are presented. The regularity of the sign inversion of the dynamic permittivity caused by the appearance of solid-state inductance in the samples is discussed. Keywords: negative permittivity, solid-state inductance, multiferroic.
Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of maltodextrin-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Maslova S. A.  , Bazhukova I. N.  , Myshkina A. V.  , Baksheev E. O.  , Pronina M. O.  , Mashkovtsev M. A.  , Farlenkov A. S.
Published: January 2023

The study on physicochemical properties of maltodextrin-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles was carried out. The surface structure and properties of CeO2 nanoparticles were investigated. The ability of CeO2 nanoparticles to perform the functions of catalase and peroxidase enzymes, as well as to inactivate hydroxyl radicals was shown. Keywords: nanoparticles, cerium oxide, catalytic activity, antioxidant activity.
Magnetoresistance and quantum oscillations in the WTe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- semimetal
Authors: Pirozerski A. L.  , Charnaya E. V.  , Lee M. K.  , Chang L.-J.  , Naumov S. V.  , Domozhirova A. N.  , Marchenkov V. V.
Published: January 2023

The discovery of extreme magnetoresistance (XMR) in non-magnetic materials attracted attention to the WTe2 semimetal. We have carried out studies of magnetoresistance in a tungsten ditelluride single crystal in the magnetic field range up to 14 T. Magnetoresistance increased with increasing field following a near quadratic law without saturation. The Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations were observed. Four fundamental frequencies were found in the oscillations spectrum, which correspond to two electron and two hole pockets caused by strong spin-orbit coupling. Keywords: WTe2 semimetal, magnetoresistance, Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, oscillations spectrum.
Influence of giant magnetostriction on the dynamic yield strength under high strain rate deformation
Authors: Malashenko V.V.
Published: January 2023

The high-strain rate deformation of crystals with giant magnetostriction is theoretically analyzed. It is shown that giant magnetostriction has a significant effect on the dynamic yield stress of crystals. Keywords: high-strain rate deformation, dynamic yield stress, giant magnetostriction, dislocations.
Direct and inverse magnetoelectric effect in orthorhombic single crystals of Dy-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Ho-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-MnO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Freydman A.L.  , Horoshiy I. N.  , Kolkov M. I.  , Terent’ev K. Yu.
Published: January 2023

In this work, the magnetoelectric response in a series of Dy1-xHoxMnO3 crystals with substitution x from 0 to 0.4 was investigated. The measurement results showed that, as x increases, a decrease in both the polarization Pa and the magnitude of the susceptibility of the inverse magnetoelectric effect αba is observed. In addition, the field Hb increases, at which the P_c-> Pa transition is observed, and the temperature range of the existence of the magnetoelectric response decreases. Thus, an increase in the substitution x suppresses the magnetoelectric effect in this series of compounds. The measurement results also indirectly indicate the prolongation of the Pa state and, consequently, of the magnetic state with a cycloid lying in the ab-plane by an external electric field Ea. The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Government of Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund of Science to the research project No.20-42-243008. Keywords: multiferroics, magnetoelectric effect, phase transition, ferroelectricity.
The mechanism of the anomalous behavior of the plastic flow of materials with high crystal relief caused by the dynamic impurity subsystem
Authors: Petuhov B. V.
Published: January 2023

A model of dynamic interaction of dislocations with an impurity subsystem of crystals with a high potential relief of the crystal lattice (Peierls barriers) is developed. Such materials include metals with body-centered cubic structure, semiconductors, ceramics, and many others. It is shown that the modification of impurity migration barriers near the dislocation core significantly affects the segregation of impurities on the moving dislocation. The presence of a substantially nonequilibrium initial stage of segregation kinetics leading to anomalies of dislocation dynamics and yield strength of materials is substantiated. Keywords: dislocation dynamics, segregation of impurities in the dislocation core, synergetics of dislocation and impurity subsystems, stable and unstable regimes, plastic flow anomalies.
Tunneling current between structural elements of thin graphene/nanotube films
Authors: Glukhova O. E.  , Slepchenkov M. M.  , Kolesnichenko P. A.
Published: January 2023

Based on the constructed atomistic models of graphene/nanotube films with different numbers of nanotubes in supercells, we carried out in silico studies of the regularities of the nonuniform density distribution, which determine the presence of an island structure in such films. As a result of quantum molecular dynamics modeling, it is found that thin tubes of subnanometer diameter are enveloped in graphene sheets, which makes them energetically stable and stable. We also studied tunneling contacts between individual film fragments that are not covalently bound, in particular, between graphene sheets with different topologies of contacting zigzag and armchair edges, depending on the distance between them, and between tubes of different chiralities, including (6,3), (4,4), (6,5), (12,6) and (16,0). It is found that the tunnel contacts of tubes with a semiconductor type of conductivity are characterized by the presence of voltage intervals with a negative differential resistance in the I-V characteristic. Such voltage intervals are not observed at all for tubes with a metallic character of conductivity. The new knowledge obtained is important for assessing the electrical conductivity of such films, two-thirds of which are semiconductor tubes. Keywords: graphene, nanotubes, tunnel contacts.
Spectroscopy of the yttrium scandate doped by thulium ions
Authors: Dobretsova E. A.  , Alimov O. K.  , Rusanov S. Ya.  , Kashin V. V.  , Voronov V. V.  , Guryev D. A.  , Kutovoi S. A.  , Vlasov V. I.  , Tsvetkov V. B.
Published: January 2023

The thulium-doped yttrium scandate crystal fiber has been obtained by the laser-heated pedestal growth method. The crystal belongs to the bixbyite type, has a cubic structure and crystallizes in the Ia3 space group. The lattice parameters (a=10.224(1) Angstrem) have been determined using the powder X-ray diffraction. Spectral-kinetic measurements have allowed to detect two symmetrically independent optical centers of Tm3+ ions in the crystal fiber. Keywords: bixbyite, optical center, rare-earth ion, laser-heated pedestal growth.
Specialized mass spectrometer for determining the isotopic composition of lithium by ERIAD (electrospray with in source atomization)
Authors: Dyachenko A. A.  , Blashenkov N. M.  , Berdnikov A. S.  , Gall L. N.  , Samsonova N. S.  , Semenov A. A.  , Gall N. R.
Published: January 2023

A specialized isotope mass spectrometer for determining the isotopic ratio of lithium by ERIAD (electrospray with atomization in an ion source) is described. The device uses a Mattuha-Herzog-type mass analyzer with double focusing to use ion beams with a large spread in energy and simultaneous registration of signals of both lithium isotopes (6Li and 7Li), and a two-channel receiver based on a doublet of microchannel plates. The gas-dynamic interface is built according to the Kontorowitz-Gray scheme; from the gas-dynamic point of view, it is "long", that is, the distance between the nozzle and the skimmer is 4 times the size of the "Mach barrel" at the operating pressure (200 Pa). The device is desktop, its weight does not exceed 20 kg. The measurement time is 1000 s, sample replacement time is 100 s, measurement accuracy is ~ 0.1%. Keywords: mass spectrometry, electrospray, ion source, isotopes of lithium.
Properties of coatings obtained from a mechanically treated boron-containing mixture of powders by cold spray method
Authors: Chesnokov A.E.  , Smirnov A.V.  , Kosarev V. F.  , Klinkov S. V.  , Shikalov V. S.
Published: January 2023

For composite coatings obtained by cold spraying from powder mixtures of compositions Al + 50 wt.% B and Al + 50 wt.% B4C prepared in a V-shaped mixer and by mechanical processing in a planetary mill, a comparison of effect of these methods for preparing mixtures on the boron (boron carbide) content in the coating was carried out. It is shown that, regardless of the method of preparation, the boron and/or boron carbide contents in the coating have close values, which is confirmed by the results of X-ray phase analysis and visual processing of images of the coating structure. Keywords: cold spray, composite material, high-energy planetary mill, aluminum, boron carbide, X-ray phase analysis.
Spreading rate of a toroidal air bubble in water
Authors: Nikulin V. V.  , Chashnikov E. A.
Published: January 2023

The rise of a toroidal bubble in water obtained by injecting a pulsed jet of air into the water through a nozzle vertically upwards has been experimentally investigated. It was found that, despite the decrease in the cross-section of the toroidal bubble during the ascent, its radius grows linearly depending on the distance traveled, as in the case of self-similar vortex rings. The coefficient of expansion of the bubble at different volumes of injected air is determined. A comparison was made with toroidal bubbles obtained when balloons burst under water. A qualitative explanation of the observed differences is given. Keywords: vortex ring, toroidal bubble.
Characteristic function of a self-similar random process
Authors: Koverda V. P.  , Skokov V. N.
Published: January 2023

A stochastic differential equation is proposed for a characteristic function whose inverse function describes a self-similar random process with a power-law behavior of power spectra in a wide frequency range and a power-law amplitude distribution function. Gaussian "tails" for the characteristic distribution make it possible to evaluate its stability according to the formulas of classical statistics using the maximum of the Gibbs-Shannon entropy and, therefore, the stability of a random process given by an inverse function. Keywords: self-similar random processes, stochastic equations, power spectrum, 1/f-noise, maximum entropy.
The ion-solid interaction potential determination from the backscattered particles spectra
Authors: Babenko P. Yu.  , Zinoviev A. N.  , Mikhailov V. S.  , Tensin D.S.  , Shergin A. P.
Published: January 2023

The values of the atomic particle-solid potential were obtained for the first time from experimental data on the energy spectra and angular dependences of backscattered particles. The proposed procedure for determining the potential has never been applied previously. It is shown that the obtained data do not depend on the potential approximation used. The ion-solid interaction potential differs markedly from the potential describing collisions in the gas phase. The screening constant increases by 10-15%. The increase in screening is due to an increase in the density of the electron gas in the region between the incident particle and scattering center. Keywords: interatomic interaction potential, energy spectra, scattering of atomic particles on the surface.
Features of silicon carbide synthesis by cold implantation of carbon recoil atoms
Authors: Zinenko V. I.  , Agafonov Yu. A.  , Saraikin V. V.  , Eremenko V. G.  , Sedlovets D. M.  , Irzhak D. V.
Published: January 2023

The Auger electron spectroscopy method confirmed a high concentration of carbon atoms (~ 85 at.%) introduced into silicon by cold implantation of recoil atoms. Carbon atoms are concentrated in a thin (~ 5 nm) near-surface region of silicon. Annealing of such a structure did not reveal a noticeable diffusion of carbon, which prevents obtaining a layer of SiC with a thickness of more than a few nm. This problem was solved by using radiation-enhanced diffusion. This made it possible to control the distribution profiles of carbon atoms in a wide range. Annealing at 1150oC allowed obtaining layers of amorphous-crystalline SiC with a thickness of 50-150 nm. Higher annealing temperatures are required to obtain a single-crystal SiC film. Keywords: cold implantation, radiation-enhanced diffusion, silicon carbide, recoil atom, thin films.
The effect of photoinduced local space charge on the effective rate of photogeneration of carriers in a longitudinal photoresistor
Authors: Kholodnov V. A.
Published: January 2023

It is theoretically shown that the effective carrier photogeneration rate in a longitudinal photoresistor, which directly initiates the conversion of radiation into electric current, can be positive, zero, or negative, and significantly exceeds in absolute value the true carrier photogeneration rate. The effects are due to photoinduced local space charge. Keywords: photoinduced charge, absorption coefficient.
Experimental method for controlling the overheating of superconducting films under the action of a pulsed current
Authors: Vasyutin M. A.  , Kuz’michev N. D.  , Shilkin D.A.
Published: January 2023

Using time sweeps of the current through a sample of a superconducting film, the effect of the current sweep rate on the process of heat propagation from current contacts is investigated. The samples used were NbN films with temperatures below and above the temperature of transition to the superconducting state. A method for determining the critical heating of key zones of the sample is proposed. The propagation velocities of the resistive front and normal domain in a superconductor are estimated at different temperatures. Keywords: niobium nitride films, time sweep of the current, resistive front, normal domain.
Period of droplet quasi-Bessel beam generated with the round-tip axicon
Authors: Mylnikov V. Yu.  , Chistyakov D. V.  , Abdulrazak S. H.  , Deryagin N. G.  , Zadiranov Yu. M.  , Losev S. N.  , Dudelev V. V.  , Sokolovskii G. S.
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate the experimental study of the axial intensity distribution of a quasi-Bessel beam with a droplet structure of the central core, formed by an axicon with the round-tip, and the results of the theoretical calculations. We show that the period of droplet quasi-Bessel beam is determined by the shape of the surface rounding and the angle at the top of the axicon lens and depends on the distance to it. The analysis of this dependence makes it possible to restore the shape of the round-tip of the axicon without 3D scanning. Keywords: bessel beams, axicon, droplet beams.
Effective Dielectric Permeability of a Composite with Matrix Ellipsoidal Inclusions
Authors: Ponomarenko V. I.  , Lagunov I.M.
Published: January 2023

A composite material based on ellipsoidal inclusions distributed in a bonding medium is considered. A formula is obtained for calculating the effective dielectric constant of such a material, taking into account the presence of a layer of a binder on the inclusions, which prevents their direct contact. It is shown that the calculated values of the effective dielectric constant correspond to the experimental values for a composite based on sections of conductive fibers. Keywords: composite material, radar absorbing structure, diffraction of electromagnetic waves.
Measurement of radio transparency of polycrystalline CVD-diamond in millimeter-wave range by free-space method
Authors: Gnatyuk D. L.  , Zuev A. V.  , Krapukhin D. V.  , Maltsev P. P.  , Sovyk D. N.  , Ralchenko V. G.
Published: January 2023

Radio transparency of polycrystalline CVD-diamond disks with diameter up to 75 mm in millimeter-wave range was measured by free-space method. The structure of the disks was characterized by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Dielectric loss tangent of the samples in the frequency range of 50-67 GHz was found to be in the range of 7.5· 10-3-8· 10-2, increasing with frequency. The transmission loss due to the radiation absorption is about 1%. Keywords: millimeter-waves, polycrystalline diamond, radio transparency.
Fourier spectra of amplitude variations of the superposition of signals from navigation satellites near surfaces with different properties
Authors: Kuzmin E. V.  , Sorokin A. V.
Published: January 2023

The experimentally recorded amplitude-time dependences of the interference superposition of signals from navigation satellites and their copies reflected by the boundaries of the "atmosphere-water" and "atmosphere-land" media are presented. Fourier spectra of these dependences are obtained. It was found that for different electrophysical properties of reflecting surfaces, noticeable features of the spectra appear. Keywords: GNSS reflectometry, surface, interference, amplitude-time dependence, Fourier spectrum.
Experimental study of an tunable acoustic phase-shifter
Authors: Nevzorov A.A.  , Perchenko S.V.  , Stankevich D.A.
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of a numerical and experimental study of an acoustic phase-shifter based on a chain of rectangular Helmholtz resonators. Phase regulation of the transmitted acoustic wave is made by simultaneously changing the resonators volumes with the stepper motor. As a result of the experiment it was found that the developed acoustic phase-shifter allows to manipulate the wave phase within the range of 0-2π in the frequency range of 2000-2500 Hz. The transmittance factor is not less than 0.7. The phase-shifter can be used as a unit cell of tunable acoustic metasurface. Keywords: acoustics, wave control, phase-shifter, metasurface.
Study of nitrogen ion implantation through Si3N4 layer for GaN on Si power HEMTs isolation process
Authors: Egorkin V. I.  , Obolenskiy S. V.  , Zemlyakov V. E.  , Zaytsev A. A.  , Garmash V. I.
Published: January 2023

This letter reports a nitrogen ion implantation through silicon nitride passivation layer deposited on AlGaN/GaN on Si heterojunction structure. Employment of Si3N4 layer simplify HEMT fabrication process and helps to obtain high resistivity isolation due to the shift of implanted ions distribution towards the surface of semiconductor. This isolation process in combination with C-doped heterostructure buffer layer results in increased up to 650 V breakdown voltage. Keywords: ion implantation, breakdown voltage, GaN, power transistor.
Analysis of internal optical loss of 1.3 μm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser based on n-=SUP=-++-=/SUP=--InGaAs/p-=SUP=-++-=/SUP=--InGaAs/p-=SUP=-++-=/SUP=--InAlGaAs tunnel junction
Authors: Blokhin S.A.  , Bobrov M. A.  , Blokhin A.A.  , Maleev N.A.  , Kuzmenkov A.G.  , Vasyl’ev A. P.  , Rochas S. S.  , Babichev A. V.  , Novikov I. I.  , Karachinsky L. Ya.  , Gladyshev A. G.  , Denisov D. V.  , Voropaev K. O.  , Egorov А. Yu.  , Ustinov V. M.
Published: January 2023

The analysis of internal optical loss and internal quantum efficiency in 1.3 μm-range InAlGaAsP/AlGaAs a composite n+-InGaAs/p+-InGaAs/p+-InAlGaAs tunnel junction obtained in the frame of molecular-beam epitaxy and wafer fusion technology. The level of internal optical losses in the lasers under study was varied by depositing a dielectric layer on the surface of the output mirror. It is shown that it is possible in principle to achieve low internal optical loss of less than 0.08% and 0.14% per one pass (round-trip) at temperatures of 20oC and 90oC, respectively. Keywords: vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, wafer fusion, tunnel junction, superlattice, internal optical loss.
Study of the critical angle of channeling of active metal ions through thin aluminum films
Authors: Isakhanov Z. A.  , Umirzakov B. E.  , Nasriddinov S. S.  , Мuhtarov Z. E.  , Yorkulov R. M.
Published: January 2023

The spatial distributions of ions (K+, Na+) passed through thin polycrystalline and single-crystalline Al films with the thickness from 180 to 600 Angstrem and critical channeling angles have been studied. The ion energies have been varied within the range E0=10-30 keV. It has been shown that an increase in the energy of the primary ion beam leads to a decrease in the width of the maxima of the angular distribution, which is associated with a decrease in the critical channeling angle psicr. It has been found that the value psicr does not exceed 4-50 for axial channeling and 9-100 for planar channeling Keywords: critical angle, passage of ions, angular distribution, channeling, spatial distribution.
Experimental study of heat transfer in thin-film perovskite-based structures using a low-coherent tandem interferometry
Authors: Travkin V. V.  , Koptyaev A. I.  , Pakhomov G. L.  , Volkov P. V.  , Semikov D. A.  , Luk’yanov A. Yu.
Published: January 2023

The heat transfer in an archetypal system solar cell/environment was analyzed, in which the solar cell was a thin-film multilayer structure with a hybrid lead-iodide perovskite photoabsorber. The temperature field was mathematically modeled and heat maps of the cell at various irradiation intensities were calculated. It was found that the heating by a diffuse insolation does not exceed the threshold critical for the stability of the perovskite phase owing to dissipation into the environment, with the temperature maximum close to half of the overall thickness of the structure. Keywords: perovskite, thin film, heat transfer, solar cells, diffuse insolation.
Investigation of the noise characteristics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with a rhomboidal oxide current aperture for use in a Cs-based compact atomic magnetometer
Authors: Bobrov M. A.  , Blokhin S. A.  , Maleev N. A.  , Kuzmenkov A. G.  , Blokhin A. A.  , Vasilyev A. P.  , Kulagina M. M.  , Pazgalev A. S.  , Novikov I. I.  , Karachinsky L. Ya.  , Ustinov V. M.
Published: January 2023

The possibility of using vertical-emitting lasers with intracavity contacts (IC-VCSEL) and a rhomboidal oxide current aperture for creating a non-zero magnetic field optically pumped atomic magnetometers (OPM) with a 133Cs vapor cell for magnetoencephalographic (MEG) systems were demonstrated. Relative intensity noise (RIN) and polarization resolved RIN of the IC-VCSEL in the 895 nm range with different mirror losses (linewidth) in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 100 kHz were experimentally investigated. Lasers with low mirror loss (narrow linewidth) have polarization resolved RIN comparable to amplitude noise. For IC-VCSEL with an output optical power of 0.8 mW and a linewidth of 55 MHz, the noise level measured is 148 dB/Hz in 1 Hz bandwidth at 40 kHz frequency. The ultimate sensitivity of OPM based on two-beam MZ-scheme with studied VCSELs was estimated as ~ 11 fT/sqrt(Hz)sqrt. Keywords: vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), magnetoencephalographic (MEG) systems, optically pumped atomic magnetometers (OPAM), relative intensity noise (RIN), polarization-resolved RIN.
Temperature response features of ferroelectric ceramics in electrocaloric effect study
Authors: Sotnikova G. Yu.  , Gavrilov G. A.  , Kapralov A.A.  , Passet R. S.  , Smirnova E. P.
Published: January 2023

Temperature response of a material to an external electric field is the main method for electrocaloric effect study in ferroelectrics. In this work, for 0.65PbFe2/3W1/3O3-0.35PbTiO3 solid solution as a model object, it is shown that with an increase in the electric field strength, current filamentation effect can occur. It leads to formation of local regions of increased conductivity in the sample. The associated thermal effect have short characteristic times, due to the small volume of the filament. They are comparable to the times of the electrocaloric response of the material, and can lead to significant errors in the detection of the electrocaloric effect. Keywords: electrocaloric effect, temperature response, ferroelectric ceramics, current filamentation effect.
Electron temperature measurements at the Globus-M2 tokamak using multi-laser Thomson scattering
Authors: Kurskiev G. S.  , Zhiltsov N. S.  , Koval A. N.  , Kornev A. F.  , Makarov A. M.  , Mukhin E. E.  , Petrov Yu. V.  , Sakharov N. V.  , Solovey V. A.  , Tkachenko E. E.  , Tolstyakov S. Yu  , Chernakov P. V.
Published: January 2023

Diagnostics of the plasma electron component by the method of Thomson scattering Te(R,t) of laser radiation makes it possible to reliably measure the spatial distributions of the electron temperature and density. One of the obstacles to the implementation of TS diagnostics in thermonuclear reactors is the distortion of the spectral characteristics of the optical system due to radiation-induced absorption and contamination of optical elements with erosion products of the first wall. As a consequence, the reliability of measurements by the TS method will decrease over time. The paper describes the method of multi-laser Thomson scattering, which will solve this problem. The results of the first experiments on the Globus-M2 tokamak are also presented. Keywords: plasma diagnostic, tokamak, thomson scattering, laser diagnostic, spectroscopy.
Heterostructures of quantum-cascade lasers with nonselective overgrowth by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy
Authors: Babichev A. V.  , Gladyshev A. G.  , Denisov D. V.  , Dudelev V. V.  , Mikhailov D. A.  , Slipchenko S. O.  , Lyutetskii A. V.  , Karachinsky L. Ya.  , Novikov I. I.  , Andreev A. Yu.  , Yarotskaya I. V.  , Podgaetskii K. A.  , Marmalyuk A. A.  , Padalitsa A. A.  , Ladugin M. A.  , Pikhtin N. A.  , Sokolovskii G. S.  , Egorov A. Yu.
Published: January 2023

The possibility of fabrication of 4.6 μm spectral range quantum-cascade laser heterostructures by molecular-beam epitaxy technique with non-selective overgrowth by the metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy is shown. The active region of the laser was formed on the basis of a heteropair of In0.67Ga0.33As/In0.36Al0.64As solid alloys. The waveguide claddings are formed by indium phosphide. The results of surface defects inspection and X-ray diffraction analysis of quantum-cascade laser heterostructures allow to conclude that the structural quality of the heterostructures is high and the estimated value of the root mean square surface roughness does not exceed 0.7 nm. Lasers with four cleaved facets exhibit lasing at room temperature with a relatively low threshold current density of the order of 1 kA/cm2. Keywords: superlattices, quantum-cascade laser, epitaxy, indium phosphide.
دعوى الغير في منازعات إنهاءالعقود الادارية (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: Ismael Ali Youns , Muhammad Jamila Awmar
Published: January 2023

-    ليس بالضرورة أن يقتصر أثر العقد الاداري أطرافه وحسب، فقد يرتب اثاراً تمتد الى الغير، ويعد ذلك استثناءً من قاعدة نسبية آثار العقد، ومفهوم الغير في العقود الادارية يختلف تبعاً للمرحلة التي يمر بها العقد، فالغير في مرحلة تكوين العقد يختلف عن الغير في مرحلة تنفيذ العقد، وكذلك يختلف مفهوم الغير من عقد لاخر، وإذا كان للغير الأجنبي، ذي المصلحة، الحق في اللجوء الى القضاء والطعن بالقرارات القابلة للانفصال عن العقد، فقد حدث تطوراً في إتجاه القضاء الفرنسي والمصري فيما يتعلق بطعون الغير أمام قاضي العقد نفسه، حيث جرى قبول لجوء الغير الى لطعن في صحة العقد وطلب إنهائه عن طريق دعوى القضاء الكامل اذا كان له مصلحة مباشرة ومحددة بشكل كافي، وقاضي العقد يملك سلطة تقديرية في إستجابة طلب الغير بإنهاء العقد الاداري من عدمه مع الأخذ في الحسبان عدم الإضرار بالمصلحة العامة. وهذا عكس ما يجري العمل به في العراق، حيث لا يملك الغير الا اللجوء الى قاضي الالغاء للطعن في القرارات القابلة للانفصال.
Acceptability of a Health Care App With 3 User Interfaces for Older Adults and Their Caregivers: Design and Evaluation Study
Authors: Kim Joo Chan , Saguna Saguna , Åhlund Christer
Published: January 2023

Background

The older population needs solutions for independent living and reducing the burden on caregivers while maintaining the quality and dignity of life.

Objective

The aim of this study was to design, develop, and evaluate an older adult health care app that supports trained caregivers (ie, formal caregivers) and relatives (ie, informal caregivers). We aimed to identify the factors that affect user acceptance of interfaces depending on the user’s role.

Methods

We designed and developed an app with 3 user interfaces that enable remote sensing of an older adult’s daily activities and behaviors. We conducted user evaluations (N=25) with older adults and their formal and informal caregivers to obtain an overall impression of the health care monitoring app in terms of user experience and usability. In our design study, the participants had firsthand experience with our app, followed by a questionnaire and individual interview to express their opinions on the app. Through the interview, we also identified their views on each user interface and interaction modality to identify the relationship between the user’s role and their acceptance of a particular interface. The questionnaire answers were statistically analyzed, and we coded the interview answers based on keywords related to a participant’s experience, for example, ease of use and usefulness.

Results

We obtained overall positive results in the user evaluation of our app regarding key aspects such as efficiency, perspicuity, dependability, stimulation, and novelty, with an average between 1.74 (SD 1.02) and 2.18 (SD 0.93) on a scale of −3.0 to 3.0. The overall impression of our app was favorable, and we identified that “simple” and “intuitive” were the main factors affecting older adults’ and caregivers’ preference for the user interface and interaction modality. We also identified a positive user acceptance of the use of augmented reality by 91% (10/11) of the older adults to share information with their formal and informal caregivers.

Conclusions

To address the need for a study to evaluate the user experience and user acceptance by older adults as well as both formal and informal caregivers regarding the user interfaces with multimodal interaction in the context of health monitoring, we designed, developed, and conducted user evaluations with the target user groups. Our results through this design study show important implications for designing future health monitoring apps with multiple interaction modalities and intuitive user interfaces in the older adult health care domain.
Increasing the Knowledge of Mental Health of Young Adults through Video-Assisted Education: A Pilot Study in Surabaya
Authors: Izzah Safira Nur , Maulana Rakha Achmad , Setyanto Dimas , Wiradhika Ludy Diana , D'Arqom Annette
Published: January 2023

Background: Young adults (<25 years old), a 49% proportion of the Indonesian population, is one crucial component that might determine the future of the nation and achieve Indonesia Emas or Golden Indonesia in 2045. Anxiety is one of the effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic, as one out of five Indonesian people could have suffered from anxiety, especially young adult women. This activity would like to measure the effectiveness of video-assisted learning regarding mental health education during the Pandemic among young adults. Methods: Video regarding mental health during the COVID-19 Pandemic was given to 35 young adults (18-25 years old) in Surabaya City using the zoom application. The pre-test and post-test consist of 10 questions and given before and after the video. The data was further analyzed descriptively and analytically using GARPH PRISM 5.00. Result: Increasing knowledge after video-assisted learning was observed, as there was an increasing number of respondents who had good knowledge regarding mental health during the COVID-19 Pandemic, from 22.9% to 45.7%. The data were further analyzed using a paired t-test to find the mean difference between the pre-test and post-test knowledge scores, both mean±SD (64.28±14.80 and 73.42±19.70, p<0.001, respectively). The effect of respondents’ backgrounds on the score was analyzed using a two-way ANOVA test. There was a significant difference between knowledge and their field of study (p<0.05), but not for the age, sex, and visiting online supporting group website. Conclusion: The video-assisted education effectively increased knowledge regarding mental health during the COVID-19 Pandemic among young adults in Surabaya. However, broader respondents are necessary before large implementation in the community.
Examination of Physical Changes and Counselling Premenopausal Women In Cilayung Village, Jatinangor District
Authors: Nirmala Sefita Aryuti , Fauziyyah Nadia Khansa , Gondodiputro Sharon
Published: January 2023

Perimenopause is the period always starts with an irregular menstrual cycle to the last menstrual period. The World Health Organization estimates that by 2030, 1.2 billion women worldwide will reach menopause. In Indonesia, in 2025, there will be around 60 million menopausal women. Cilayung Village is one of the villages in the Jatinangor district which is 4 KM from district center and the campus area. Although not far from the district center, Cilayung Village does not care about the changes that have occurred. Information given by village midwives on perimenopausal women showed that, in a month there could be 2 to 5 women found to be in their perimenopausal period. Also there were no health data about perimenopausal women. The methods of this community service were carried out in stages: 1) analysis of the situation of perimenopausal women, 2) problem identification, 3) determining work goals, 4) problem solving planning, 5) close social interaction, 6) implementation of activities, and 7) evaluation. Village midwives and cadres assited with the activities mentioned above. A total of 106 perimenopausal women participated, and they were examined to physical changes, and there were collected as data. The data collected showed vasomotor instability or hot flashes (at least 54.70%), not experiencing vaginal dryness (90.60%), low osteoporosis or OSTA status (45.30%), and cholesterol status (the most common was 78.30%). Health promotion and counselling were given, and a presentation followed by a Q and A session on perimenopausal women was also organized.
Visual Acuity Improvement of Cataract Patients After Cataract Surgery at Sumbawa Hospital in 2018
Authors: Takarai Siska , Jayanegara I Wayan Gede , Triningrat Anak Agung Mas Putrawati , Suryathi Ni Made Ari , Handayani Ariesanti Tri , Djelantik Anak Agung Ayu Sukartini , Doniho Angelo , Casey Anthea , Faustine Giovani
Published: January 2023

A cataract is the most common cause of vision impairment and blindness worldwide. The Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness survey held in 2014 - 2016 showed that the prevalence of blindness in West Nusa Tenggara was the second highest in Indonesia. This prevalence was expected to be higher in rural areas due to cultural barriers, patient education, and accessibility to eye-care facilities. This study aims to evaluate visual acuity improvement after cataract surgery and observe the sight restoration rate. The participants of this study were cataract patients who underwent surgery at Sumbawa Hospital West Nusa Tenggara between 27 - 30 August 2018 in a social service program held by the Sanglah General Hospital team. Surgery was not performed on patients who did not desire surgery, in cases where the surgery would not improve visual function, and on patients who were known to be medically unfit for safe surgical intervention. Demographic data and visual acuity at admission and postoperative day one were recorded and analyzed. The output of this program was qualitatively measured by analyzing the SRR. A total of 86 patients were included in this study. Visual acuity postoperative day one showed improvement, and the blindness percentage dropped to 51.16%. The sight restoration rate observed in this study was 58.14%. Although the benefits of cost-effective cataract surgery are straightforward, challenges to executing the procedure remain high, such as unaffordability surgery costs and accessibility to eye-care facilities and infrastructures. Equitable growth in other fields can automatically increase healthcare services in rural areas and encourage healthcare workers to spread evenly.
Educating SMAN 97 Jakarta Teachers About the Consumption of Herbs and Vitamin C During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hikmah Febrial , Hasanah Nur , Dewantoro Agung , Karditiawati Anggraini , Mahendra Dony , Rahmadhani Novita , Yunisa Melda
Published: January 2023

Self-medication, with both herbs and vitamin C, is the community’s choice in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Herbs are believed to have many properties that have been tested historically and empirically. Meanwhile, vitamin C has been shown to be clearly able to boost the body’s immune system. Teachers, as the vanguard in educating the education of the nation’s successors, have a very large role in the progress of the Indonesian nation. Teacher health is essential in shaping a dynamic learning process, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this Community Service activity is to provide education related to knowledge and understanding of the consumption of herbs and vitamin C to prevent the occurrence of adverse drug reactions, especially in teachers of SMAN 97 Jakarta who self-study herbal herbs and vitamin C during the COVID-19 pandemic. This method of Community Service activities is carried out through interactive webinars online. A pretest and posttest will measure the participant’s knowledge before and after counselling. The results obtained in the implementation of community service activities, namely the knowledge and understanding of SMAN 97 Jakarta teachers on the consumption of herbs and vitamin C during the COVID-19 pandemic, increased by an average of 25 points after exposure to the material.
Village Driven Development Approach in Fish Waste MSMEs Empowerment Program in Kalanganyar Village, Sedati District, Sidoarjo Regency
Authors: Kristianto Kristianto , Zuwanita Cyntya Sri
Published: January 2023

Aquatic resources and marine products are the most significant economic potential in Kalanganyar Village. Therefore, the government and associated parties must have grave concerns about development in this area, such as local economic development with MSMEs. The village government’s position as a more democratic actor in development and crucial services for the community can also be strengthened by community empowerment, which is implemented with a village-driven development model. In this study, Pertamina DPPU Juanda’s empowerment program is based on the village-driven development strategy and uses the participatory rural appraisal (PRA) method to create MSMEs in Kalanganyar Village, is discussed. Two novel items were produced as a result of the community empowerment program, and each interest group participated actively.
История монастыря Ганден
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Zhabon Yumzhana Zh.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The article summarizes the history of one of the three largest monasteries of the Tibetan Geluk school — Ganden Monastery. The latter tradition of Tibetan Buddhism occupies an exceptional place in the history of Mongolic spiritual cultures. Therefore, the interest in Ganden monastery is determined not only by that it had been founded by Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), the patriarch of the Geluk and a greatest Buddhist figure in Tibet, but also by the enormous religious, cultural and political impacts this sect has had on the development and dissemination of Buddhism among Mongolian-speaking peoples. Goals. The article seeks to investigate the history of Ganden Monastery in the context of its basic organizational structure, material culture (relics, shrines), paradigm of scholastic training (texts, educational process), and specific Buddhist rituals. Materials and methods. The work examines original Tibetan texts, analyzes historical sources and special scientific literature. Results. The article shows that the central principles of scholastic training and regulations laid down by Lama Tsongkhapa, as well as the organizational structure of the monastery, have remained virtually unchanged since its foundation in 1409. The phenomenon of Tibetan monasteries is multifaceted, and in order to better understand and appreciate the role they have played over centuries in spiritual life of many peoples it is necessary to achieve a complete understanding — in their own terms — of history, educational system, and organizational structure of the monastery.
Административно-территориальное устройство Калмыцкой степи Астраханской губернии в XIX – начале XX вв.: историографический и источниковедческий обзор
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin Str., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Gunaev Evgeniy A.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The article provides data on the territory of Kalmyk Steppe and its uluses in relation to the uyezd system of Astrakhan Governorate, outlines features of the former’s administrative structure in relation to the territorial component of public management, and examines historiography of the research issue. Materials. The paper investigates statistical digests, geographical reference books on the territorial composition of Astrakhan Governorate, including Kalmyk Steppe, its area, and ulus structure. Special attention is paid to certain legislative provisions of the Russian Empire concerning the governance of Astra­khan Kalmyks and the ulus administrative system. The work also introduces scholars’ opinions on the status of Kalmyk Steppe as part of Astrakhan Governorate, evolution of administrative governance in the 19th to early 20th centuries. Results. The question of how Kalmyk Steppe used to be classified in statistical and reference publications of the Russian Empire requires further investigation. In some cases, Kalmyk Steppe is designated as part of Astrakhan Governorate to be accompanied by a note that it is incorporated into uyezds of the province, and an indication of its total area. In other cases, there is no mention of the territory at all. This may have resulted from the administrative reforms in Kalmyk Steppe and, in general, changed approaches to Astrakhan Kalmyk people’s governance during the identified period. Nikolay Palmov’s viewpoint that the early 19th-century decrees had allotted the lands to the Kalmyk people to be fully owned by and thus constitute legitimate property of the latter is worth noticing in terms of scholarly research. The official position reflected in government documents and expressed in writings of Russian officials of the examined period states that the lands had been allotted for use and distributed by each ulus individually, i.e. never formed a single whole. So, even if one takes into account that the Kalmyks were governed by a special administrative department which was under the jurisdiction of the country’s ministerial system, there is practically no mention of the uyezd level in administrative/territorial structure of the Governorate, nor there are any essential prescriptions regarding correlation between the latter and the ulus system. This also remains understudied in Russian historiography.
Поэтика образа главной героини повести Е. Ган «Утбалла»
Authors:   Samara National Research University (34, Moskovskoe Shosse St., 443086 Samara, Russian Federation), Chetyrova Lyubov B. , Sakharov Alexey S.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The article examines poetics of the protagonist’s image in Yelena Hahn’s Utballa which was highly appreciated by V. Belinsky. The literary work remains understudied, which makes it relevant enough to be approached with interdisciplinary analytical strategies that combine both literary and philosophical components. Goals. The paper attempts an analysis of the protagonist’s image from a perspective of gendered Orientalism with due account of genre specifics. Materials and methods. The study analyzes the text of the novel describing the life drama of a half-blood girl in Russian and Kalmyk cultural environments. The fact that the author’s farther A. Fadeev had served as Chief Supervisor of the Kalmyk People — and his views on colonization may have influenced the former — proves essential in our analysis that rests on modality poetics and gendered Orientalism. Results. The insights into poetical specifics of Utballa conclude that genre narratives of realism and romanticism play a key plot-forming function in the novel. A combination of romantic and realistic narrative logics yields a unique plot of certain interest to be examined from a perspective of gendered Orientalism. The drama of the protagonist’s life is explained by that having been incorporated into European epistemic philosophical frames she tends to view from the latter positions — the Kalmyks and culture she belongs to by birth but refuses to accept. As a result, the girl finds herself in a situation of two-worldness where none of the worlds is perfect enough. Describing the tragic fate of Utballa, the author thus addresses the question of woman’s place in patriarchal society.