bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural sources of trace metals from minerals in soils near smelters in the Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, and Sudbury, Ontario, areas
Authors: Rowe R , Percival J B , Hendershot W
H
Published: November 2010

This study forms part of a larger Metals in the Environment Research Network (MITE-RN) project to examine metal dynamics in soils in order to distinguish between and quantify contributions of metals from anthropogenic and natural sources. This study characterized
the mineralogy of six soil samples from the Rouyn-Noranda and Sudbury areas in order to identify minerals that can be a source of trace metals and to determine suitable mineral fractions for future weathering experiments. The silt-sized, clay-sized, and heavy mineral fractions from B/C horizons were
analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Mineralogy at all sites from both areas were comparable. The silt- and clay-sized fractions are dominated by quartz, plagioclase, and K-feldspar with minor chlorite, amphibole, and pyroxene. The heavy mineral fractions contain titanite,
zircon, hematite, and magnetite. Due to insufficient amounts of fractionated material, the whole soil will be used in the weathering experiments with sequential extraction analyses of the fractions for comparison.
Glacial geology, ice-movement chronology, and drift prospecting in the vicinity of Icebound Lakes, northern Baffin Island, Nunavut
Authors: Little E C , Holme P J , Hilchey A C , Young M
Published: November 2010

The Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office, in collaboration with the GSC and the Polar Continental Shelf Project, has begun a new geoscience initiative to evaluate the economic potential of northern Baffin Island, with the overall intent to reduce exploration risk in
this remote region of Nunavut. The 2003 field season focused on the NTS 37 G map area, centred 170 km northwest of the Barnes Ice Cap.
Specific objectives include the production of two 1:100 000-scale surficial geology maps (37 G east and 37 G west), evaluation of ice-movement chronology and glacial history of the region, and a reconnaissancescale till geochemical survey. At this preliminary stage of the research, four regional
ice-movement events and numerous local, late-deglacial flow events have been interpreted from data collected during the 2003 field season. The glacial history is complicated by overprinting from both warm- and cold-based basal thermal
regimes at various stages of the deglaciation.
Late Quaternary geological history of the continental slope, South Whale Subbasin, and implications for hydrocarbon development, southwestern Grand Banks of Newfoundland
Authors: Piper D J W , Gould K
Published: November 2010

The Quaternary geological framework and geohazards on the Southwest Grand Banks Slope are interpreted from 100 line kilometres of seismic-reflection profiles and five piston cores. Stacked tills deposited from grounded ice extend to 300 m b.s.l., with flow tills
farther seaward. Radiocarbon dates and Heinrich layers provide chronology for piston cores. Canyons were eroded during maximum ice advance. Proglacial sediments form the upper 100 m of the slope, unconformably overlying Tertiary strata on the middle slope and mass transport deposits on the lower
slope. Sediment failure has a recurrence interval of approximately 10 000 years, comparable with elsewhere on the southeastern Canadian margin.
Kilometre-scale carbonate mounds in basinal strata: implications for base-metal mineralization in the Mesoproterozoic Arctic Bay and Society Cliffs formations, Borden Basin, Nunavut
Authors: Turner E C
Published: November 2010

Huge dolostone buildups (>200 m thick, >4 km across) grew in deep water during uppermost Arctic Bay Formation shale deposition in the northwestern Milne Inlet Graben, Borden Basin (Mesoproterozoic).Mounds and coeval shale are temporally
equivalent to the lower Society Cliffs Formation in the southeastern part of the graben. Mounds protrude through the Society Cliffs basinal carbonate laminite interval into the lower Victor Bay Formation shale, both of which accumulated around the relict topography of defunct mounds. Absence of
stromatolitic fabric and an exclusively basinal location indicate that mounds are not normal Proterozoic photic-zone reefs; scattered distribution, lack of preference for particular substrate types or specific facies tracts, and mound elongation parallel to nearby syndepositional faults suggest that
mounds grew around cold seeps. Mounds may serve as landmarks for areas of long-lived
permeable faults through which early and late mineralizing fluids migrated. The geometry of buried mounds may also be critical to localizing later Nanisivik-style mineralization.
Digital summary database of permafrost and thermal conditions - Norman Wells pipeline study sites
Authors: Smith S L , Burgess M M , Riseborough D , Coultish T , Chartrand J
Published: November 2010

The Norman Wells to Zama pipeline, located in northwestern Canada, is the first buried oil pipeline in the permafrost zone in Canada. During its construction in 1984-1985, the Canadian government and Enbridge pipelines collaborated in the establishment of a
permafrost thermal monitoring program consisting of more than 20 long-term monitoring sites. This monitoring program was designed to investigate the impact of the pipeline construction and operation on permafrost and terrain conditions. Thermistor cables were installed both on and off the pipeline
right-of-way to measure temperatures to depths of 20 metres. This report provides a summary ground temperature database from 1985-2001 for the Norman Wells pipeline corridor monitoring sites in digital relational database format. Maximum seasonal thaw depth for each year, interpolated from
temperature profiles, is also provided. The ground surface settlement over time has been determined from field measurements and is presented in graphical format for each monitoring site.
Geology of eastern Prince of Wales Island and adjacent smaller islands, Nunavut
Authors: Mayr U , Brent T A , de Freitas T , Frisch T , Nowlan G S , Okulitch A V
Published: November 2010

The report area forms a narrow, north-oriented rectangle in the south-central part of the Arctic Islands. The area comprises the northeastern part of Prince ofWales Island and adjacent smaller islands. The western part of the area is underlain by very gently
dipping lower Paleozoic formations of the Arctic Platform, and the eastern part by Proterozoic sedimentary rocks and intrusions and by Archean crystalline rocks of the Boothia Uplift. A major, west-directed thrust zone separates the two areas. The Precambrian rocks comprise three assemblages: an
Archean and/or lower Proterozoic basement of granulite grade metamorphic rocks (predominantly orthogneiss), its Mesoproterozoic cover of sedimentary rocks, and two suites of mafic igneous rocks of Meso- and Neoproterozoic ages. The Cambrian to mid-Silurian succession consists of minor sandstone and
varied carbonate units. Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian rocks contain a large amount of terrigenous material in the vicinity of the Boothia Uplift, but they consist of carbonate deposits in the platform region.
The north-trending gneissic fabric of the basement controlled the overall form of the Boothia Uplift. The basement is cut by northwest-, west-, and northeast-trending faults and fractures, which influenced its subdivision into numerous small blocks that acted semi-independently of one another. As a
result, the western frontal fold and thrust belt of the Boothia Uplift, although continuous for 500 km and with consistent west-verging geometry, is remarkably heterogeneous in detail. Blocks with their own consistent geometry rarely exceed 10 km in strike length; a few are as small as 2 km
long.
Temporal relationships between plutonism, metamorphism, and gold mineralization in southwestern New Brunswick: U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints
Authors: Davis W J , Chi G , Castonguay S , McLeod M
Published: November 2010

New U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar dates from plutonic rocks and quartz veins associated with gold occurrences in southwestern New Brunswick provide timing constraints for mineralization. Plutonic rocks spatially associated with economically significant gold mineralization
are all Early Devonian, including a microgranite dyke near the Tower Hill pluton (409 ± 2.4 Ma), the Jimmy Hill granite (403 ± 2 Ma), and a
granitic dyke at the Clarence Stream main zone (395.5 ± 0.5 Ma). An auriferous pegmatite dyke at Clarence Stream has a maximum age of ~400Ma based on inherited zircon.Muscovite from quartz veins at the Clarence Stream main zone yields 40Ar/39Ar ages of 395.5 ± 3.6 Ma to 388.9 ±
3.6 Ma and provides minimum age estimates for gold mineralization. The close spatial and temporal association of gold mineralization with Devonian plutonism is consistent with a genetic link.
Surficial geology, Nechako River, British Columbia
Authors: Plouffe A , Levson V M , Mate D J
Published: November 2010

The surficial geology of the Nechako River map area (NTS 93F) depicts the distribution of unconsolidated glacial and nonglacial sediments and landforms. This A-series map was compiled, modified and generalized from previously published open files produced by
the Geological Survey of Canada and the British Columbia Geological Survey. The map shows a variety of units of glacial and non-glacial origin. From oldest to youngest, the units on the map include bedrock and till and, glaciofluvial, glaciolacustrine, colluvial, alluvial, organic, and anthropogenic
deposits. Till is the most areally extensive surficial deposit in the map area. It consists of a poorly sorted sediment directly deposited by glaciers, containing boulder- to pebble-sized clasts in a matrix of sand, silt, and clay. Glaciofluvial deposits generally consist of sand and gravel which
can represent aggregate resources, but their quality for such usage depends on the sediment sorting and the induration of the clast lithologies. Glaciolacustrine deposits are composed of well sorted fine sand, silt, and clay. These sediments were deposited in former glacial lakes that developed at
the end of the last glaciation when the drainage was blocked by decaying ice masses. Colluvial deposits represent sediments reworked by mass-wasting processes in steep terrain. Alluvial deposits
(sediments of modern streams) are present along all streams in the region but only in the larger ones are such deposits extensive enough to be mapped. Organic deposits accumulate in poorly drained depressions in sediments and bedrock. They are particularly abundant in regions underlain by
impermeable till, in valleys with underfit streams, and within low-gradient meltwater channels. Anthropogenic deposits, consisting of sediments reworked by human activities, were only mapped at the Kenney Dam site. A variety of glacial and non-glacial landforms are represented on the map. They
provide and indication of the glacial and non-glacial history of the region. More details on the surficial geology and ice-flow history of the region is provided as marginal notes on the map.
Sensitivity of permafrost to climate warming in Canada
Authors: Smith S L , Burgess M M
Published: November 2010

A major concern in climate-change impact studies in polar regions is the effect of climate warming on the permafrost environment. About half the present permafrost region in Canada contains permafrost at a temperature greater than -2C and models suggest that most
of this could ultimately disappear in response to climate warming.

Local environmental factors and ground-surface conditions will determine the response of the ground-thermal regime to increasing air temperature (thermal response), and also the impact of any permafrost thaw (physical response) that might occur. These factors have been combined to characterize and
map, at a national scale, the potential thermal and physical response of permafrost in Canada to warming. These components have been combined into a sensitivity index map.

Within a large portion of the region containing warm permafrost, the sensitivity of permafrost to climate warming is considered to be moderate to high. In these regions, the potential for substantial thaw settlement exists and consideration of its impact on buildings, utilities, roads, railways,
pipelines, and containment structures may be required.
Surficial geology, McBeth Fiord (west half), central Baffin Island, Nunavut
Authors: Dredge L
Published: November 2010

This map is part of a series depicting the surficial geology of Central Baffin Island. The mapping of Quaternary deposits, measurement of ice flow indicators, interpretation of glacial and post-glacial history, and geochemical sampling of the till in this area
are part of an integrated multi-component mapping project led by Marc St-Onge and supported by the Geological Survey of Canada, the Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office, and the Polar Continental Shelf Project. Field work related to the surficial geology component was conducted in 2001 and 2002. Field
traverses and air photo interpretation provided information on the nature and distribution of surface materials shown on the map, which was constructed using 1:60,000 scale aerial photographs compiled onto a 1:100,000 scale base.
Detrital zircon geochronology of the Paleoproterozoic Hurwitz and Kiyuk groups, western Churchill Province, Nunavut
Authors: Davis W J , Rainbird R H , Aspler L
B , Chiarenzelli J R
Published: November 2010

U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Paleoproterozoic Hurwitz Group establish depositional age limits for the upper part of the group (Watterson and Tavani formations) and document significant changes in sediment provenance through time. The lower Hurwitz Group
(sequences 1 and 2) was deposited after 2.45 Ga, but before 2.11 Ga. Detrital zircons from Sequence 1 range in age from 2.73 to 2.66 Ga, characteristic of local basement rocks of the Hearne Domain. In contrast, the upper Hurwitz Group (sequences 3 and 4) has a broad-spectrum provenance dominated by
2.4 to 1.9 Ga zircons and a significant population at ca. 2.6 Ga. A weighted mean age of the youngest detrital zircon from the Tavani Formation provides a revised maximum depositional age of 1.911 ± 0.007 Ga. The most likely source for the 2.4 to 1.9 Ga zircons is the Taltson-Thelon Orogen,
approximately 500 km to the west of the Hurwitz Basin. Zircon grains of similar age in the unconformably overlying Kiyuk Group suggest reworking and redeposition of Hurwitz Group during Trans-Hudson-related deformation.
Hydrothermal dolomitization in the Lower Silurian La Vieille Formation in northeastern New Brunswick: field evidence and implication for hydrocarbon exploration
Authors: Lavoie D
Published: November 2010

Research oriented towards the understanding of the hydrocarbon potential of the Late Ordovician toMiddle Devonian Gaspé Belt in Northern New Brunswick is being carried out under the Targeted Geoscience Initiative. Preliminary results have allowed the author
to recognize large areas with thermal maturation favourable for the preservation of hydrocarbons, and to identify stratigraphic intervals
with fair to good hydrocarbon source-rock potential. This contribution presents field observations that indicate that the Lower Silurian La Vieille Formation has undergone some early hydrothermal alteration that led to dolomitization, brecciation, leaching, and the development of porous intervals
into which hydrocarbons have migrated. Hydrothermal dolomites are host to world-class hydrocarbon reservoirs in North America. The process has been recently documented in the Gaspésie Peninsula and is now recognized in northern New Brunswick.
Basins and fold belts of Prince Patrick Island and adjacent area, Canadian Arctic Islands
Authors: Harrison J C , Brent T A
Published: November 2010

Prince Patrick and Eglinton islands have a polar desert climate and a landscape of coastal plains and dissected plateaux with limited vegetation cover. Use of a properly damped surveyor's compass is possible, however, magnetic declination changes markedly over
short distances and large temporal variations are present.

Bedrock of the report area is divisible into four major successions. These include: 1) 14 to 18 km of Proterozoic(?) and/or older bedrock above the Mohorovicic Discontinuity; 2) 10 to 14 km of thermally overmature but variably tectonized ("Franklinian") strata that range from Vendian(?) at the base
through Upper Devonian at the top; 3) less than 1 km grading to more than 7 km of thermally mature and immature, relatively undeformed Carboniferous through Lower Cretaceous strata of the Sverdrup Basin, including up to 2 km of Middle Jurassic through Upper Cretaceous strata preserved in four
peripheral basins and numerous small grabens; and 4) 70 m to more than 600 m of unconsolidated Pliocene sand, gravel, and peat, and related seismically defined Neogene strata of the Arctic Continental Terrace Wedge. The Franklinian succession is further subdivided into siliciclastic rocks of the
Devonian clastic wedge (up to 6000 m thick), subsurface Lower Devonian and older strata of the Prince Patrick Platform, and correlative seismically defined deep-water strata of Canrobert Trough.

A thrust-fold belt imaged seismically in the northeast is continuous with folds known at the surface on northwestern Melville Island, and folded Devonian strata are everywhere separated from Carboniferous and younger rocks by a profound angular unconformity. Other lower Paleozoic folds extend under
southwestern Prince Patrick Island. A Carboniferous rift system located under the Sverdrup Basin margin has developed on the eroded roots of the Paleozoic fold belt. The rift formed in the Early Carboniferous (Serpukhovian), expanded to the southwest during the later Carboniferous, and was partly
inverted during the Early Permian. Mid-Permian through early Middle Jurassic was a time of passive subsidence and progressive basin expansion toward the southwest. During Sverdrup Basin subsidence, four intracratonic basins, separated by Devonian "basement" highs, developed to the southwest between
Middle Jurassic and Late Cretaceous time. An array of northerly trending horsts and grabens also developed during this time, part of a rift system that provides a geological record of the early
development of the Arctic Ocean basin.

Potential exists for far-travelled hydrocarbons within the Permo-Carboniferous and Jurassic-Cretaceous rift systems and in stratigraphic traps on the margins of the Mesozoic basins. Subbituminous coal seams to 1.5 m occur in Lower Cretaceous strata, and deposits of manganese carbonate are widespread
in Campanian sandstone of Eglinton Island.
U-Pb ages from the northern Wecho River area, southwestern Slave Province, Northwest Territories: constraints on late Archean plutonism and metamorphism
Authors: Ootes L , Buse S , Davis W J , Cousens B
Published: November 2010

New U-Pb thermal-ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and Sensitive High Resolution Ion Micro Probe (SHRIMP) ages from four granitoid plutons place constraints on the timing of plutonism and metamorphism in the Wecho River area in the southwestern Slave Craton.
U-Pb monazite ages show that the Hickey pluton crystallized at 2600.6 ± 2.1 Ma, prior to, or early during, granulite-grade metamorphism. All zircons analyzed from the Hickey pluton are older than 2855 Ma and are interpreted as being inherited
from Mesoarchean basement. The Dauphinee pluton is an orthopyroxene-bearing tonalite and crystallized at 2590 ± 2.3 Ma during granulite-grade metamorphism. This age is within error of other orthopyroxene- bearing granites in neighbouring areas, indicative of widespread granulite-grade
metamorphism at 2590 Ma. The Armi pluton crystallized at 2600 ± 5 Ma. The crystallization age constrains upper-amphibolite- grade metamorphism in the Armi Lake supracrustal belt to younger than 2600 Ma. The Wecho pluton
crystallized at 2590 ± 8 Ma, restricting the latest pulses of magmatism in the area to before 2590 Ma.
Preliminary bedrock geochemistry and drift prospecting results from the North Baffin Project (NTS 37F, 37G, 47E), northern Baffin Island, Nunavut
Authors: Little E , Dyke A S , Young M , Utting D
J
Published: November 2010

This Open File contains summaries of bedrock and surficial geology within NTS 37G and outlines the methods for each analyses used in the processing of both bedrock and till samples. It also presents all drift prospecting (37F, G and 47E) and bedrock geochemistry
data (37G); their associated QA/QC data for each method is also presented in the corresponding appendix (where enough data was gathered to compile relevant statistics). This file was formatted for viewing either in hard copy or digital form. The Digital appendices contain MS Excel workbooks that
present the data in both printable and database friendly formats. The latter is provided to allow easy incorporation of the data into user-defined software for further analysis.
An Early Eocene age for the Quilchena fossil locality, southern British Columbia
Authors: Villeneuve M E , Mathewes R
Published: November 2010

The Quilchena fossil site is a rich repository of Eocene (Ypresian) plant, insect, and fish fossils. Although its age has long been correlated with many other 'mid-Eocene' localities in the Okanagan Highlands, the radiometric age has been variable and
inconclusive. Data presented here, using U-Pb dating of zircons from a thick tephra, combined with 40Ar-39Ar dating of sanidine crystals from the same bed, confirm the age of the Quilchena deposit as Early Eocene (51.5 ± 0.4 Ma). This age can be securely ascribed to the Quilchena fossils, since
the dated tephra was deposited within the fossil-bearing shale and mudstone sequences. The paleontological and paleoclimatic significance of this age assignment will become clearer as other fossil sites in the Okanagan Highlands are radiometrically dated with similar methods and compared with the
Quilchena locality.
Electron microprobe geochronology and chemical variation of detrital monazite from the Lower Cretaceous sandstones of the Scotian basin and the Chaswood Formation, eastern Canada
Authors: Pe-Piper G , MacKay R M
Published: November 2010

Detrital petrology of sandstones of the Lower Cretaceous Chaswood Formation onshore Nova Scotia and New Brunswick and from the Missisauga and Logan Canyon formations of the Scotian basin was studied to understand sediment dispersal patterns, syn-sedimentary
tectonic uplift, and paleogeography. Electron-microprobe geochronology on sparse detrital monazite grains complements classical petrographic work. Laboratory accuracy is conservatively estimated to be 5%. After removing grains showing Th or U mobility and single analyses that were extreme
outliers, 401 analyses of 75 monazite grains were interpreted. In the Chaswood Formation, 98 analyses from Vinegar Hill gave a unimodal distribution of 426 ±15.3 Ma. In the Elmsvale basin, the distribution of 102 analyses was bimodal, with 433±4.2 Ma and 468±7.1 Ma for the base and
448±8.9 Ma and 498±7.3 Ma for the top of the formation. Only 38 analyses from Diogenes Brook showed a trimodal distribution of 439±8.2 Ma, 480±8.6 Ma and 543±14.5 Ma. At Brierly Brook, 49 analyses gave a mean age of 495±14 Ma, with 2 outlying grains with 614±15 Ma
and 723±13.5 Ma. At Belmont, most grains were altered, but one grain gave an apparently reliable age of 527±8.9 Ma. In offshore wells from the Scotian basin, one grain from the MicMac Formation yielded an age of 1201±1.8 Ma. Five grains from the Missisauga Formation clustered around
499±10.5 Ma, with one grain 628±22.6 Ma. Five grains (40 analyses) from the Logan Canyon Formation gave an age of 504±9 Ma, two grains clustered at 1051±30 Ma and two at 1879±40 Ma. Monazite and other detrital petrographic data suggest four principal sources to the Lower
Cretaceous sands. The ancestral St Lawrence river drained a hinterland that included Taconic ophiolites and metamorphic rocks and Proterozoic rocks of the Shield, with principal coarse sediment supply from western Newfoundland, uplifted as a result of Cretaceous rifting of the North Atlantic. An
ancestral Saint John River was supplied with metamorphic detritus of Silurian age. Between these two rivers were two other river systems that lacked a Shield source and received principally Taconic metamorphic detritus, with lesser amounts of Silurian age.
Documentation of a Holocene volcanic cone in the Tuya-Teslin volcanic field, northern British Columbia
Authors: Simpson K , Edwards B , Wetherell K
Published: November 2010

A previously unnamed Holocene volcanic cone is herein informally named Gabrielse cone. Gabrielse cone is a subaerial basaltic scoria cone that is one of the few subaerial volcanic features in the Tuya-Teslin area. The cone is approximately 400 m in diameter with
a central crater approximately 30 m deep. It consists largely of unconsolidated basaltic scoria some of which show preserved fluidal shapes typical
of subaerial bombs. To the northeast the scoria cone appears to be breached and remnants of a lava flow were observed. Mineral compositions as determined by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectometer are consistent with other occurrences of alkali olivine basalts in the
area.
Gold mineralization during greenhouse gas fixation: a booklet summary of research on Au-bearing listwanite in the Atlin area, northwestern British Columbia
Authors: Hansen L D , Dipple G M , Anderson R G
Published: November 2010

Listwanite (carbonate-altered serpentinite) is commonly spatially associated with gold mineralization; it also represents a natural analogue to mineral carbonation, a type of carbon dioxide sequestration. Our studies have resulted in a better understanding of
listwanite associated lode-gold deposits and will aid in the design of industrial processes aimed at permanently and safely storing anthropogenic carbon dioxide. Mapping and sampling at Atlin, BC shows that listwanite-alteration is localized along a penetrative fracture system within the ultramafic
body and extends up to tens of metres into intact wallrock. Petrography and geochemistry indicate carbonate-alteration proceeded via a three-stage reaction sequence. Serpentinite was converted to magnesite + serpentine which was then converted to magnesite + talc and finally to magnesite + quartz.
The overall mineral transformation is the same as proposed industrial carbonation reactions and was accomplished without the alteration of non-volatile chemical species. Geochronology and stable isotopes have helped define the source of carbon dioxide and the constrained the timing and duration of
the alteration. Volume changes associated with alteration may play a role in the generation of permeability in advance of carbonation reaction fronts. ln addition, we have modeled magnetic susceptibility as a proxy for listwanite-alteration that has aided in the mapping out of the permeability
structure of these systems.
Geology of the Dubawnt Lake area, Nunavut-Northwest Territories
Authors: Peterson T D
Published: November 2010

The bedrock of the Dubawnt Lake area mainly consists of late Archean (2.6 Ga) granite to diorite plutons, which intruded schist and gneiss (greater than or equal to 2.7 Ga), all overlain by early Proterozoic (1.85-1.7 Ga) siliciclastic and volcanic rocks of the
Dubawnt Supergroup. Granitic plutons were emplaced on the east side of the area at ca. 1.83 and 1.76 Ga.
The northwest-trending, leucocratic, and dominantly granitic Snow River gneiss is the oldest map unit. It is overlain by metapsammitic and schistose rocks with minor mafic volcanic rocks (Clarke River schist) which record at least one deformation event at upper amphibolite facies that predates 2.6
Ga. Both units were intruded by diorite, granodiorite, megacrystic monzonite, and leucogranite of the Snow Island suite, dated at 2.602-2.605 Ma.
Quartzite and minor siltstone, preserved as erosional remnants in a discontinuous northeast-trending belt, were deposited on Archean basement before 1.83 Ga, and are correlated with the Aphebian Amer Group. The quartzite units contain a shallowly southeast-plunging stretching lineation, formed
during upper greenschist- to lower amphibolite-facies metamorphism, which predates the Dubawnt Supergroup.
The lowermost Dubawnt Supergroup (basal Christopher Island Formation) consists of minor immature sandstone and conglomerate, and extensive flows of felsic, potassic lavas that were erupted directly onto Archean/Aphebian basement. These were transected by narrow strike-slip and normal fault valleys
that were filled with mafic to felsic ultrapotassic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, overlain by fluvial/alluvial siliciclastic deposits of the Kunwak Formation. Ultrapotassic volcanism was probably synchronous with the emplacement of granitoid plutons of the Hudson suite (ca. 1.83 Ga) within the
Snow River gneiss domain. A felsic minette flow yielded a zircon U-Pb age of 1833 ± 3 Ga, and volcanism was probably synchronous with the emplacement of Hudson granitoid plutons within the Snow River gneiss domain.
At ca. 1.75 Ga, the eastern side of the map area was intruded by rapakivi granite (Nueltin granite). Minor rhyolite domes of the correlative Pitz Formation (middle Dubawnt Supergroup) are preserved. A period of erosion and intense chemical weathering was followed by deposition of flat-lying
conglomerate and sandstone of the Thelon Formation (upper Dubawnt Supergroup) at about 1.72 Ga; a major depocentre lay to the west, under the present Thelon basin. The youngest event recognized is the emplacement of northwest-trending diabase dykes of the Mackenzie swarm at 1.72
Ga.
Infrastructure and resources of the Northern Canadian Mainland Sedimentary Basin
Authors: Morrow D W , Jones A L , Dixon J
Published: November 2010

This report summarizes infrastructure and resource information for an area of northwestern Canada extending between 60 and 70° north latitudes and 110 and 141° west longitudes across the northern Canadian mainland sedimentary basin. Political units,
including First Nations boundaries are included along with railway, road, and trail networks, power distribution networks, as well as existing and proposed petroleum pipeline routes. Proven, or discovered, petroleum resources (1340 MMbl oil and 11.6 Tcf gas) are tabulated and illustrated, as well
as all existing and previous precious and base metal mines and uranium, coal and other non-metallic mines. The northern Canadian mainland sedimentary basin of the report area is divided into petroleum exploration regions and areas that are characterized by unique geology and physiography. The
report includes a series of formation tables that are unique to each exploration area and which include information concerning petroleum shows and source rocks in each exploration area. This report is one of a series of GSC Open File reports that are intended to be part of a geological atlas of the
northern Canadian mainland sedimentary basin.
Geology, Babiche Mountain, Yukon Territory-Northwest Territories
Authors: Fallas K M , Lane L S
Published: November 2010

This geological map is derived from regional mapping in the Babiche Mountain (NTS 95C/8) 1:50 000 scale map area, as part of the Geological Survey of Canada's Central Foreland NATMAP project. The Babiche Mountain map area is situated at the southern end of the
Franklin Mountains in a foothills physiographic setting. The geology of the area is characterized by sedimentary strata, of Late Devonian to Early Cretaceous age, exposed in a series of asymmetrical box or kink folds whose geometry is controlled largely by the competence of the Carboniferous Mattson
Formation. Structure in the area is dominated by the Babiche and Kotaneelee anticlines trending approximately north. En echelon folds at the southern end of the Kotaneelee Range link the Kotaneelee anticline with the Mount Martin anticline to the south. Minor faults with less than a few hundred
metres of displacement are also reflected in the map pattern. These faults, with northwesterly strikes, are elements of a second regional trend that creates an interference pattern by interacting with the northerly trending folds. Stratigraphic improvements from previous A-series mapping include
the recognition of Permian strata above the Mattson Formation informally known as the Tika formation, the assignment of Triassic strata to the Grayling and Toad formations, and the recognition of the Lower Cretaceous Chinkeh Formation.
Geochemistry and physical properties of till in northernmost Manitoba
Authors: Dredge L A , Pehrsson S J
Published: November 2010

Archived samples of surface tills in northernmost Manitoba have been analysed for eleven elements (As, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni, Pb, U, Zn) in order to establish regional background geochemistry. The report interprets the geographic distribution of elements and
indicates sites of interest for understanding the geology of the area or for mineral exploration. Matrix carbonate contents and clast lithologies of the till show the limits of two major ice domains and aid the interpretation of ice flow patterns. Water contents and Atterberg limits of samples
collected are also included in the report.
Nouveau regard sur l'architecture de la Plate-forme du Saint-Laurent et des Appalaches du sud du Québec par le retraitement des profils de sismique réflexion M-2001, M-2002 et M-2003
Authors: Castonguay S , Dietrich J , Shinduke R , Laliberté J
-Y
Published: November 2010

This study presents the results of the reprocessmg and geological reinterpretation of three regional seismic reflection lines acquired by the Ministère des Ressources naturelles du Québec in 1978. The three lines (M-2001, M-2002 and M-2003), which
represent 280 km of data, cross the Chambly-Fortierville syncline and provide images of the St. Lawrence Platform and the Appalachian fold and thrust belt in southern Quebec. Line M-2001, the longest profile, extends across the full width of the southern Quebec Appalachians. Data reprocessing has
improved the quality of the seismic sections by enhancing coherent reflection events and attenuating reflection noise. Time migration further improves the structural images. The seismic interpretations provide new information on subsurface geology, including the recognition of complex structural
patterns in foreland and platform units, the presence of triangle zones at the structural front, and the geometry of thrust slices of platform units and Appalachian thrust nappes. The M-2001 line also provides images of the interna! Humber zone, including back-thrust faults on the flanks of
Notre-Dame Mountains Anticlinorium and mega thrust wedges, most probably involving Grenvillian basement, within the core of the anticlinorium. The reprocessing and reinterpretation of existing seismic reflection profiles provides an efficient and economical research activity, allowing for improved
evaluations of geological models and assessments of hydrocarbon potential.
Compilation of soil and till geochemical metadata for Canada - an update
Authors: Spirito W A , Rencz A N , Kettles I M , Adcock S W , Stacey A P
Published: November 2010

In Canada systematic regional geochemical sampling of soils and tills have been undertaken since the 1960s (Brummer et al., 1987) primarily for mineral exploration but also for resource assessment and environmental research purposes. The majority of these surveys
have been conducted by federal and provincial geological agencies and the mineral exploration industry, but some have been collected by consultancies, universities and other government departments. The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) has developed a catalogue of geochemical metadata which is
available as GSC Open File 5085 and on the Natural Resources Canada Geoscience Data Repository Web site (GDR) (http://gdr.gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/geochem/). The catalogue contains metadata for just over 300 surveys, 277 of which were carried out by the GSC and the provincial geological agencies. These
geochemical data sets are potentially useful to scientists and regulators in other government agencies who are working on environmental issues.

In the catalogue each survey is given a separate html page which lists the survey type, survey year and survey location, a description of the survey, including its geographic extent, the number of samples collected (if available), the types of geochemical analyses and size fractions analyzed, other
types of analyses undertaken, publications associated with the survey and the form of the dataset (i.e. digital or paper). There is also a link on the html page to the organization responsible for collecting the data for that survey. Publications associated with the survey can be obtained from that
organization. An html page, accessible from the CD-ROM's introductory window directs the user to the appropriate page on the organization's web site. Included on the CD is a 1:7 500 000 map of Canada (~77 x 62 cm) showing the areas covered by the surveys. It can be accessed from a link in
Chapter VI of this report or by clicking on the Maps button on the introductory screen of the CD. The Maps button launches a browser-based mapping application which allows the user to search the catalogue geographically, by zooming in on the part of Canada that is of interest. The survey html page
described above is displayed by clicking on its corresponding polygon (see Chapter I - Introduction for more details).

The abbreviations used in the html pages to describe analytical procedures, etc., are explained in this chapter. This chapter also contains background information on the distribution and compositional characteristics of tills and other surficial sediments and the methodologies used for sample
collection and geochemical analysis.
Bedrock geology and economic potential of the Archean Mary River group, northern Baffin Island, Nunavut
Authors: Johns S M , Young M D
Published: November 2010

Bedrock mapping and prospecting in northern Baffin Island, including parts of NTS map areas 37 E, F, G, and H, has redefined interpretations of the stratigraphy and structure of the Archean Mary River group, surrounding gneiss, and intrusions. In the study area,
the Mary River group includes psammite and sedimentary migmatite, amphibolite, ±psammite and sedimentary migmatite, Algoma-type silicate and oxide-facies iron-formation, ±dacite, ±psammite, and quartzite, intruded by late ultramafic and gabbroic sills and dykes. Three episodes of
penetrative deformation are recognized and Archean and Proterozoic rocks underwent amphibolite- to granulite-facies regional metamorphism during the ca. 1.8 Ga Hudsonian Orogeny. The youngest regional event, defined as D3, folded metamorphic isograds and pre-D3 fabrics. New economic mineral
prospects include 20mthick magnetite beds within iron-formation, and visible gold and molybdenum in quartz veins. The area also has potential for Ni-Cu-PGE magmatic sulphide mineralization in mafic and ultramafic sills.
U-Pb geochronology of the Neoarchean Swayze sector of the southern Abitibi greenstone belt
Authors: van Breemen O , Heather K B , Ayer J A
Published: November 2010

Precise U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Swayze greenstone belt reveals a 45 Ma history of volcanism with 19 ages ranging from 2739 Ma to 2695 Ma. Seven U-Pb ages demonstrate the coeval nature of regionally extensive 2.73 Ga iron-formation, which serves as a key
stratigraphic marker correlative across major deformation zones. Age correlations are consistent with an upward-younging stratigraphic
succession without major tectonic breaks or disruption, which can be correlated with equivalent stratigraphy across the southern Abitibi greenstone belt. The youngest volcanic rocks are interlayered with greywackes for which detrital zircons from two samples establish maximum ages of deposition of
2683 ± 6 Maand 2695 ± 1 Ma. As the detrital zircon ages are mostly younger than 2704 Ma, the provenance
of these sediments is inferred to be exclusively volcanic rocks of the immediately lower pile. Detrital zircons from the youngest sedimentary rocks, sandstone of the unconformable and fault-bounded Ridout Group, provide a maximum depositional age limit of 2688 ± 2 Ma. Older detrital zircon
ages, in the 2742 to 2735 Marange, are consistent with deeper erosional excavation of source rocks and more active tectonics at the time of deposition. The oldest plutonic rocks of 2.74 Ga are coeval with the oldest volcanic rocks recorded and no geochronological evidence for pre-existing basement
has been found. Plutonism continued after cessation of extensive volcanism, including 2686 Ma to 2680 Ma syntectonic (D2) granitoids and post-tectonic granitoids as young at 2.66 Ga. Titanite ages of 2615 ± 3Ma to 2540 ± 4Ma are interpreted in terms of crystal growth from late-stage
fluids.
Remote predictive mapping of surficial materials on northern Baffin Island: developing and testing techniques using Landsat TM and digital elevation data
Authors: Brown O , Harris J R , Utting D , Little E C
Published: November 2010

Considering the vastness of Nunavut, the paucity of regional-scale surficial geology maps for the territory, the significant expense of working in a remote region, and the increasing availability of affordable, remotely sensed data, it is timely to develop and
test remote predictive mapping techniques for producing surficial geology maps. The goal of this remote predictive mapping project is to produce a surficial materials map, which will be used to expedite subsequent ground-based mapping and sampling.
This paper describes techniques used to produce a surficial materials map for an area in northern Baffin Island using remote predictive mapping techniques with LandsatTMand digital elevation data. The predictive maps produced in advance of the field work (i.e. "ground truthing") were found to be
approximately 50% accurate. To improve remote predictive mapping accuracy to at least 80%, high-resolution imagery may need to be included in the remote predictive mapping protocol.
GIS dataset of Phanerozoic geological features, Slave River, Peace River, and Lake Athabasca map areas, Northwest Territories, Alberta, and Saskatchewan
Authors: Okulitch A V , Fallas K M
Published: November 2010

The Slave River, Peace River and Lake Athabasca map-areas include the Precambrian Shield to the northeast (not compiled in this publication) and its Phanerozoic cover to the southwest. The Shield surface dips gently southwest but has been pervasively faulted,
predominantly along northeast trends, and gently warped. The major faults (Great Slave Lake Shear Zone, Virgin River Shear Zone/Snowbird Tectonic Zone, Tathlina, Rabbit Lake, Trout Lake, Boundary Lake, and Dunvegan fault zones) and uplifts (Tathlina, Peace River, and Athabasca arches) were
reactivated at various times during deposition of the cover with pronounced effects upon facies and environment. Paleozoic platformal clastic and carbonate strata were deposited initially during Early Cambrian to Late Ordovician time but are preserved at the surface only northwest of Great Slave
Lake. These were overlain unconformably by a succession of clastic, carbonate and evaporitic strata from the Late Silurian to the Jurassic. Complex facies relationships resulted from sea level changes and the development of a pronounced barrier reef at Pine Point and to the west in the subsurface
during the Middle Devonian. Major reef development and accompanying dolomitization and Pb/Zn mineralization appears to be spatially associated with reactivated basement fault zones. During the Cretaceous, orogenic events west of the map-area resulted in uplift and erosion of the Paleozoic platform
and unconformable deposition of an easterly-prograding clastic wedge. Some dolomite diagenesis and mineralization of the Devonian barrier reef may have occurred at this time. Numerous Late Cretaceous diatremes intruded the section in the Buffalo Head Hills and Birch Mountains regions. Two meteorite
impact craters (Steen River Astrobleme and Hotchkiss crater) deform Paleozoic and possibly Mesozoic strata.
Geological and geochemical data from the Canadian Arctic Islands. Part II: Rock Eval/TOC data
Authors: Obermajer M , Stewart K R , Dewing K
Published: November 2010

A total of 4716 Rock Eval analyses are given for samples from 109 oil and gas wells (or deviated legs) and 1655 outcrop samples from the Arctic Islands. Each sample is assigned to a stratigraphic unit.
Analyse de l'information améliorée offerte par les cartes géologiques publiées par le gouvernement aux fins de l'exploration minérale : intégration de considérations sur l'efficience, la productivité, l'efficacité et le
risque
Authors: Bernknopf R L , Wein A M , St-Onge M R , Lucas S B
Published: November 2010

This bulletin focuses on the value of geoscientific information and knowledge, as provided in published government bedrock geological maps, to the mineral exploration sector. An economic model is developed that uses an attribute-ranking approach to convert
geological maps into domains of mineral favourability. Information about known deposits in these (or analogous) favourability domains allow the calculation of exploration search statistics which provide input into measures of exploration efficiency, productivity, effectiveness, risk, and cost
stemming from the use of the published geological maps. Two case studies, the Flin Flon Belt (Manitoba and Saskatchewan) and the south Baffin Island area (Nunavut), demonstrate that updated, finer resolution maps provide more detailed and accurate information than old, coarser resolution maps when
used as a guide for mineral exploration. The Flin Flon Belt study illustrates that an updated, coarser resolution bedrock map enables improved mineral exploration efficiency, productivity, and effectiveness by locating 60% more targets and supporting an exploration campaign that is 44% more
efficient. Refining the map resolution provides an additional 17% reduction in search effort across all favourable domains and a 55% reduction in search effort in the most favourable domain. The south Baffin Island case study projects a 40% increase in expected targets and a 27%
reduction in search effortwhen the updated, finer resolution map is used in lieu of the old, coarser resolution map. On southern Baffin Island, the economic value of the updated map ranges from CAN$2.28 million to CAN$15.21 million, which can be compared to the CAN$1.86 million that it cost to
produce the map (a multiplier effect of up to eight).
Results of geochemical analyses of an oil sample from Mizzen L-11 well, Flemish Pass, offshore eastern Canada
Authors: Fowler M G , Obermajer M , Achal S , Milovic M
Published: November 2010

This Open File contains digital files of gas chromatography and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analyses of an oil sample from Mizzen L-11, Flemish Pass.
Reconnaissance U-Pb SHRIMP geochronology and Sm-Nd isotope analyses from the Tehery-Wager Bay gneiss domain, western Churchill Province, Nunavut
Authors: van Breemen O , Pehrsson S , Peterson T D
Published: November 2010

U-Pb SHRIMP, Sm-Nd isotopic and chemical analyses are presented for archived samples from the Tehery-Wager Bay area, a gneiss domain north of Chesterfield Inlet in Nunavut. Igneous crystallization ages of 2707 ± 8 Ma, 2699 ± 11 Ma, and 2701 ± 14 Ga
were obtained, respectively, from a tonalitic biotite-hornblende gneiss, a foliated tonalite, and a foliated granodiorite. Five inherited zircons from the latter have ages in the range 2960 to 2906 Ma. These three intrusive rocks are coeval with, and therefore not basement to, the Woodburn Lake and
Prince Albert groups. A younger age of 2584 ± 12 Ma was obtained from a foliated hornblende-biotite granodiorite, which corresponds to widespread plutonism in the Rae Province. Metamorphic zircon overgrowths from two samples yielded ages of 1865 ± 10Ma and 1863 ± 14 Ma, respectively,
which are interpreted in terms of regional metamorphism preceding the 1845 to 1795 Ma crustally derived Hudson granite intrusions.
Sm-Nd crystal separation ages (T(DM)) for twelve samples range from 3.08 to 2.53 Ga and indicate the existence Mesoarchean crust in the area. Six of the T(DM) ages are in the 2.83 to 2.72 Ga range, which also characterizes T(DM) ages in much of the western Churchill Province. The majority of the
samples feature LREE enrichment, HREE depletion, negative to slightly positive Eu/Eu* anomalies, and Nb depletion. Two samples with 2.56 Ga and 2.53 Ga T(DM) ages have compositions that differ markedly from the main population in having positive Eu/Eu* anomalies and extreme HREE
depletion.