bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of eHealth and health coaching in postnatal diabetes prevention, in women with history of gestational diabetes
Authors: Bolou Angeliki  , Gourounti Kleanthi
Published: March 2024

This literature review explores the role of eHealth and health coaching in assisting prevention of type 2 diabetes in women with history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The integration of electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health (mHealth) technologies, including telemedicine, smartphone apps, and mixed-method approaches, has emerged as a crucial strategy in healthcare delivery. These technologies address postnatal barriers such as lack of support, time constraints, and childcare issues, enhancing accessibility to diabetes prevention interventions. The review presents evidence from various studies, including randomized controlled trials and ongoing research projects, indicating positive impacts on engagement, adherence, and follow-up rates when utilizing remote interventions through smartphone apps and health coaching. Notably, the use of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic has further underscored the potential benefits of delivering care remotely. The focus on postnatal diabetes prevention in women with a history of GDM is particularly pertinent, given the increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The inclusion of partners and families in interventions, highlights a holistic approach to promoting a healthy lifestyle. While the results are promising, the review acknowledges the inconclusive nature of current evidence, emphasizing the need for further research to establish the long-term efficacy and acceptance of these interventions. Continued efforts to refine these strategies and expand research will contribute to a better understanding of their impact, ultimately paving the way for targeted and effective diabetes prevention in this high-risk population of women with a history of GDM.
Iron deficiency anemia in hospitalized children
Authors: Elda Skenderi  , Gjeorgjina Kuli-Lito  , Alberta Shkembi  , Admir Sulovari  , Besmira Bogdani  , Irisa Duka  , Anxhela Ruci
Published: March 2024

Iron is an abundant element on earth. It is used by nearly all forms of life from micro-organisms to humans for their developmental and survival as it is part of many enzymes involved in biological processes such as DNA synthesis, oxygen transport, and cellular energy production. Anemia is the most widely recognized manifestation of iron deficiency. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia, based on age, in 200 hospitalized children 0-14 years old. Hemoglobin <12g/dL was found in 54.5% of children, 69% of the children 0-2years old had Hb<12g/dL, 51% of the children 2-6years old had Hb<12g/dL, and 19% of the children 6-14years old had Hb<12g/dL. In conclusion iron deficiency anemia is prevalent in hospitalized children, infants are the group mostly affected. Iron deficiency anemia is a major health concern as it increases risk of child morbidity, impairs cognitive and physical developmental in children and reduces school performance. It is an easily treated medical condition with excellent outcome, so a meticulous clinical attention and evaluation should be kept for children of any age.
Hubungan Hasil Belajar Mikrobiologi Terhadap Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Pada Mahasiswa Tadris Biologi Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci
Authors: Viola Viola Amelia Syafitri
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian jenis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis data korelasi product moment yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui bahwa apakah ada hubungan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar mikrobiologi terhadap perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa tadris biologi angkatan 2019. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling, yaitu jumlah sampel sama dengan populasi, sehingga yang menjadi sampel penelitian adalah mahasiwa semester 5 sebanyak 75 mahasiswa yang terdiri dari angkatan 2019 mahasiswa tadris biologi. Teknik pengumulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan skala sikap, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, dapat diketahui bahwa: 1) Hasil belajar mahasiswa tadris biologi semester 3 adalah 83, maka termasuk dalam interval 80 – 86, sehingga hasil belajar mahasiswa dikategorikan cukup baik. 2) Perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat mahasiswa tadris biologi semester 5 mempunyai rata – rata 85, terletak pada interval 81 – 89 termasuk kategori cukup baik, dan 3) Dari hasil perhitungan korelasi pada angkatan 2019 diperoleh rxy = 0,740 dengan taraf signifikansi sebesar 5%, didapatkan nilai rhitung lebih besar dari rtabel ( 0,740 > 0,233) terletak pada interval koefisien 0,60 – 0,799 yang berarti mempunyai tingkat hubungan yang kuat, dan nilai signifikansi diperoleh nilai sig. (2-tailed) = 0,000 < 0,05 maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan  analisis data terbukti bahwa adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar dengan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat mahasiswa tadris biologi Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Gallery Walk berbantuan Crossword Puzzle terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif dan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XII MIPA pada Materi Evolusi di SMAIT Ihsanul Fikri
Authors: Nurfaizah Shinta
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh masih belum maksimalnya hasil belajar kognitif dan motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas XII SMAIT Ihsanul Fikri dalam mempelajari materi Evolusi. Selain itu model pembelajaran yang digunakan masih kurang bisa mengoptimalkan hasil belajar kognitif dan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Gallery Walk berbantuan Crossword Puzzle terhadap hasil belajar kognitif dan motivasi belajar peserta didik pada materi Evolusi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode quasy experiment tipe the nonequivalent control group design melalui tes tertulis dan skala motivasi belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai signifikansi hasil belajar kognitif sebesar 0,001 yang berarti terdapat pengaruh model belajar terhadap hasil belajar kognitif. Sementara nilai signifikansi motivasi belajar sebesar 0.000 yang berarti terdapat pengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Gallery Walk berbantuan Crossword Puzzle terhadap hasil belajar kognitif dan motivasi belajar pada peserta didik.
Pengembangan LKPD Biologi Berbasis Edutainment untuk Siswa Kelas XI SMA/MA
Authors: Latifah
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui validitas dan praktikalitas dari Desain LKPD Biologi Berbasis Edutainment pada Materi Sistem Koordinasi pada Manusia untuk Kelas XI SMA/MA. Jenis penelitian adalah R&D, dengan model pengembangan berupa ADDIE yang diterapkan hingga tahap development. Analisis yang dilakukan berupa analisis kurikulum, analisis karakteristik peserta didik, serta analisis materi dan bahan ajar. Produk didesain dengan aplikasi Canva Setup 1.67.0 pada personal computer. Validitas produk dinilai dari tiga aspek yaitu aspek bahasa dengan persentase 100% (sangat valid), aspek materi dengan persentase 97,91% (sangat valid) dan aspek desain dengan persentase 93,75% (sangat valid). Kepraktisan produk dinilai melalui respon guru dan peserta didik. Persentase praktikalitas menurut guru sebesar 94,11% (sangat praktis). Sedangkan, persentase menurut peserta didik dalam uji coba kelompok kecil sebesar 83,92% (praktis) dan dalam uji coba kelompok besar yaitu 85,88% (sangat praktis). Berdasarkan data tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Desain LKPD Biologi Berbasis Edutainment pada Materi Sistem Koordinasi pada Manusia untuk Kelas XI SMA/MA yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat valid dan sangat praktis untuk digunakan.
Kata Kunci: LKPD, edutainment, validitas, dan praktikalitas.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Portofolio Pengaruhnya Terhadap Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa
Authors: Leli Leli Sri Dunia Hartini
Published: March 2024

Berdasarkan observasi, Siswa sering mendapat nilai rendah dikarenakan guru memberi tugas kepada siswa dengan cara yang tidak diminati siswa, misalnya mengerjakan LKS dengan tanpa dikoreksi kembali sehingga hal itu mengakibatkan pengetahuan siswa menjadi minim. Hasil ujian MID semester siswa masih dibawah rata-rata yaitu 50, dan terbukti KKM pada sekolah itu masih rendah yaitu 60. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen, Desain penelitian yaitu posttest only control design. Kelas XI IPA II sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI IPA I sebagai kelas kontrol. Dari analisis data uji “t” didapat hasil taraf signifikansi ttabel 5% = 2,006 dan 1% = 2,65, t0 =3,20 didapat hasil thitung≥ ttabel yang berarti bahwa adanya selisih signifikansi mean. Pada uji Effect Size untuk mengetahui pengaruh  model pembelajaran berbasis portofolio terhadap hasil belajar didapat hasil dengan persentasi 79% dalam kategori berpengaruh tinggi. Hasil dari perhitungan korelasi phi dengan taraf signifikansi 5% didapat hasil rhitung≥ rtabel 0,326≥0,242 artinya Ha diterima. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunaan model pembelajaran berbasis portofolio terhadap hasil belajar biologi.

Kata Kunci      : Pembelajaran berbasis portofolio, Metode Kuantitatif, Biologi, Hasil Belajar
Penggunaan Alat Peraga Manipulatif Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa di Kelas VII Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Zuhriah Zuhriah
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang : penggunaan alat peraga manipulatif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di kelas VII madrasah Tsanawiyah Nurunnajah batang hari. tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang terdapat dalam kelas. Penelitian ini merupakan desain pelaksanaan dua siklus, dimana setiap pelaksanaan siklus meliputi planning (perencanaan), action (tindakan), observation (pengamatan), dan reflectio (refleksi). Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa di madrasah tsanawiyah nurunnajah Batanghari dengan jumlah  siswa 22 orang siswa. Hasil penelitian dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut: sebelum tindakan hasil belajar siswa  dengan nilai rata-rata kelas 51, dengan 22% siswa yang tuntas  dan 77% siswa yang tidak tuntas, kemudian pada siklus I hasil belajar siswa adalah dengan nilai rata-rata 55, dengan 28% siswa yang tuntas dan 72% siswa yang tidak tuntas, pada siklus II nilai rata-rata siswa 72 dengan 86% siswa yang tuntas dan 13% siswa yang tidak tuntas, dengan demikian penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penggunaan alat peraga manipulatif dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) di kelas VII di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Nurunnajah Batanghari.

Kata kunci: Alat peraga manipulatif , Hasil Belajar dan Siswa.
Un oratorio e una cappella in Ticino
Authors: Navone Nicola
Published: March 2024

This text presents the oratory of San Bartolomeo (1991-1996), built in Porta (Brissago) following the design by Raffaele Cavadini, and the chapel realised in Val Malvaglia (2017-2019) by Martino Pedrozzi. Since it is not possible here to fill the gap in critical studies on the sacred architecture in Ticino since the second half of the 20th century – except for two well-known works by Mario Botta: the church of San Giovanni Battista in Mogno, Val Lavizzara (1986-1996) and the chapel of Santa Maria degli Angeli on Monte Tamaro (1990-1996) –, we have chosen to focus on these two works because of the consistency of their design strategy and the quality of their results. But if the Brissago oratory was created in the mould of the experiences developed in Ticino since the 1960s (although it in part has an original perspective), the chapel in Val Malvaglia, conceived by an architect from the next generation, introduces a new approach, manifesting the liveliness of the architectural research in contemporary Ticino.
Alpine iconodulia
Authors: Tempestini Matteo
Published: March 2024

At the end of the Eighties the global recognition of Alpine architecture coincided with a profound shift in architectural media, particularly journalism. Photographic images played an increasing role in the reproduction of architecture in journals. In this overview, the important position of some sacred works is discussed, as they competed for the covers of renowned magazines, ultimately becoming icons of the new Alpine architecture. The article analyses the reasons behind this success by studying three emblematic cases in the Central Alps: the Chapels Sogn Benedetg by Peter Zumthor, St. Nepomuk by Christian Kerez in the Graubünden, and the Salgenreute Chapel by Bernardo Bader in Vorarlberg.
Connecting Water
Environmental Views in Premodern Arabic Writings
Authors: Borroni Massimiliano
Published: March 2024

This book investigates how selected writers from the Abbasid-era Islamic world viewed water as a crucial element within their worldview. By examining water’s role across diverse authors, Connecting Waters offers new insights into the various approaches to water and its importance in the natural environment, as described in Arabic sources from the Abbasid period. The study focuses on the significant works of Thabit ibn Qurra, whose research on seawater salinity and the role of mountains in precipitation phenomena laid the groundwork for future scholars in the field of hydrology. Through comprehensive analysis of these works and their reception by authors who either cited or concurred with Thabit ibn Qurra’s theories on the water cycle, the book explores a wide range of subjects, from theology to natural sciences and the sea’s role in sustaining global environmental equilibrium. By examining the consistency and diversity of Islamic views on water and the environment, the book seeks to challenge cultural stereotypes and offer novel insights into the Arabic literature of the premodern Islamic world. In light of current environmental challenges, this examination of water-related knowledge within the Islamic tradition could contribute to ongoing discussions about environmental ethics and the complex relationships between humans, societies, and the natural environment.
NERICA-8 brown rice: its pasting properties, nutrients and bioactive compounds as affected by milling, germination temperature and germination time
Authors: Ukpong Ekpeno S. , Okpalanma Emeka F. , Onyeka Uloma E.
Published: March 2024

Effects of milling, germination temperature and time on pasting properties, nutrients and bioactive compounds of NERICA-8 brown rice (UBR) were investigated. Germinated brown rice (GBR) samples were obtained by germinating UBR at 30℃ and 40℃ for 12 and 36 h. Pasting properties, bioactive compounds and nutrients of GBR, UBR and milled rice (UMR) were analyzed and compared. Results showed that setback, trough, final and peak viscosities of UBR reduced significantly (p<0.05) in GBR while breakdown viscosity increased. Antioxidant activity (1.20 µg.ml-1), γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) (1.85 mg.100g-1), protein (10.99%), total dietary fiber (8.20%), vitamins and minerals (mg.100g-1) including iron (4.65), zinc (1.70), calcium (106.00), vitamin B2 (1.66), vitamin E (1.38) contents of UBR increased in GBR up to 355.83%, 329.73%, 28.03%, 9.63%, 113.98%, 17.65%, 74.53%, 110.24%, and 41.30%, respectively at 36 h germination. Milling reduced the levels of these compounds. Total starch, total carbohydrate and amylose contents of GBR decreased as germination time increased. Proteins, amino acids and magnesium were significantly (p<0.05) increased at germination temperature of 30℃ than 40℃ while dietary fiber, vitamin E and GABA were higher at 40℃. Germination time of 36 h and temperature of 40℃ were recommended due to optimum contents of the bioactive compounds.
Radio frequency food processing. Current status and perspectives – a review
Authors: Dragoev Stefan Georgiev , Kolev Nikolay Delchev , Vlahova-Vangelova Desislava Borislavova , Balev Desislav Kostadinov
Published: March 2024

The present review provides a critical overview of the current status and prospects for the development and application of radio frequency food processing. The mechanism of action of radio frequency treatment, the dielectric properties of foods, the mechanisms for inactivating microorganisms and endogenous enzyme systems, the sensory and physicochemical changes occurring in radio frequency treated foods, as well as the application of radio frequency treatment in the food industry are discussed. Radio frequency processing technology has been found to have some advantages over conventional heat exchange systems in terms of time savings, higher profitability and better efficiency. In the available literature, the conducting of additional studies regarding the package violation and its permeability and integrity during radio frequency processing were discussed. Radio frequency heating has been shown to effectively eliminate pathogens and preserve better, physicochemical and sensory properties of food products compared to conventional heating due to shorter processing time. It is concluded that radio frequency energy heating is suitable for processing packaged foods that remain safe and stable during storage. For these reasons, it is concluded that radio frequency food processing has a very bright future.
Evaluation of the physico-chemical properties of cassava, cocoyam, sweet potato starches and glucose syrups produced from the hydrolysis of the starches with sorghum malt enzyme extract
Authors: Okpalanma Emeka Felix , Ukpong Ekpeno Sunday , Ezegbe Clement Chinedum , Nwagbo Comfort Chinenye , Chude C. Onuora Charles
Published: March 2024

Some physicochemical properties of starches from cocoyam, cassava and sweet potato were compared for suitability in glucose syrup production. Glucose syrups were produced from the starch slurry using 30 g of sorghum malt per 250 g starch weight. Malts were produced from Nigerian sorghum varieties; SFF- Sorghum ‘Farafara’ and SFD-Sorghum ‘Farindawa’ (Sorghumbicolor L. Moench). The grains were steeped for 24 h with 8 h air rest and germinated for 96 h. Results showed that malted SFD and SFF-sorghum grains recorded diastatic powers (61.45 and 52.32 DU.g-1), α-amylase (38.19 and 43.3 DU.g-1) and β-amylase (14.13 and 18.15 DU.g-1) activities, respectively. Cocoyam starch contained highest amylose (28.20%) when compared with sweet potato starch (22.50%) and cassava starch (20.40%). Solubility and swelling power of cassava, sweet potato and cocoyam starches were 17.2, 16.5 and 15.3 g.g-1 and 9.6, 6.2 and 7.6% at 90℃, respectively. Cocoyam starch showed the highest transition temperatures (69.5, 73.6, 82.3℃) and gelatinization enthalpy (17.3 J.g-1) than sweet potato (67.4, 71.3, 78.4℃, 12.3 J.g-1) and cassava (61.3, 65.5, 75.6℃, 13.4 J.g-1) starches. Dextrose equivalent for cassava, sweet potato and cocoyam glucose syrups were 40, 36, 30. Cassava starch glucose syrup obtained from SFD-malt hydrolysis met most of the Standard Organization of Nigeria set specifications.
Effect of substitution of whole wheat flour with sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and Mucuna utilis flours on the nutritional, physical and sensory qualities of cookies
Authors: Attaugwu Roseline Nwabugo , Ukpong Ekpeno Sunday , Anyadioha Josephat Ikechukwu , Agbi Mary Isi
Published: March 2024

Composite flours were made from blends of whole wheat (WWF), sweet potato (SPF), and Mucuna utilis (MUF) flours, the 100% WWF served as control. These flours were used to bake cookies. The flours and the cookies were analyzed for functional and proximate composition while in addition to these, physical and sensory tests were conducted on the cookies. Results of the study showed that the protein and fat contents of the flours and cookies increased as the quantity of MUF increased but decreased with an increase in SPF. In the flours, the ash content of the control (2.38%) decreased to 1.76-2.14% in the composite flours. Ash content decreased with the addition of MUF but increased with the addition of SPF. The carbohydrate content of the composite flour cookies ranged 48.57-62.26% while the energy value ranged 376.91-392.11 kcal.100 g-1. Except for the cookie baked with 50% WWF and 50% SPF, whose mouth-feel did not differ significantly (p<0.05) from that of the control, the remaining cookies scored higher than that of the control. Cookie baked with 60% WWF, 10% SPF, and 30% MUF had optimum protein (21.84%), diameter (5.30 cm), spread ratio (6.90), and sensory qualities that were comparable to that of the control.
NİZAMÜLMÜLK’ÜN İKTİSADİ GÖRÜŞLERİNİN KAPİTALİZM VE SOSYALİZM İLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Dilek Serkan , Fidan Murat
Published: March 2024

Nizamülmülk, Selçuklu Devleti devrinde 29 yıl vezirlik yapmış ve Devletin hem idarî hem iktisadî yapısına önemli katkılar sağlamıştır. Nizamülmülk’ün siyasetname isimli eseri aslında Melikşah’a devlet idaresinin nasıl yapılması gerektiğini anlattığı yani siyaset bilimi ile alakalı bir eserdir, ancak içerisinde iktisadî meseleler de yer almaktadır. Batılı kaynaklar iktisat biliminin Adam Smith’in “Ulusların Zenginliği” isimli eseriyle başladığını iddia etseler de doğuda İbni Haldun, İbni Teymiyye, İmam Gazali gibi çok sayıda bilim adamının Adam Smith’in sahip olduğu görüşleri çok daha önceleri ileri sürdüğü görülmektedir. Literatürde Doğulu bilim adamlarının iktisadî görüşleri yeterince yer almamaktadır. Selçuklu Devletinin devlet yönetiminde önemli söz sahibi olmasına ve kendisinden sonra gelen Selçuklu ve Osmanlı Devlet yöneticilerini etkilemesine rağmen Nizamülmülk’ün iktisadî görüşleri kendinden önceki Türk-İslam düşünür ve bilim adamalarında olduğu gibi literatürde yeterince tartışılmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Nizamülmülk’ün iktisadî görüşlerinin Kapitalizm, Sosyalizm ve İslam ekonomisi ile karşılaştırılarak tartışılmasıdır. Bunu yaparken Nizamülmülk’ün Siyasetname eseri ve literatürde ilgili eserlerin taraması yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Nizamülmülk’ün iktisadî görüşlerinin İbni Haldun gibi Müslüman bilim adamlarının iktisadî görüşlerine, İslam ekonomik görüşüne benzerliklerinin çok olduğu görülmüştür. Nizamülmülk’ün iktisadî görüşleri Kapitalizm ve Sosyalizmden farklılaşmaktadır, ancak Kapitalizm ile benzer bazı noktalar içerdiği görülmüştür.
The Effect of Shopee E-Commerce on the Consumptive Behavior of Students of the Department of Social Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University
Authors: Musdalipa Musdalipa , Ellyawati Noor , Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: March 2024

The emergence of E-commerce Shopee can cause changes in student consumption behavior. The massive promos offered by E-commerce Shopee will encourage students to shop and tend to behave consumptively. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of Shopee E-commerce on student consumptive behavior.  This type of research uses quantitative research methods with a population of 258 students majoring in social science education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University, and a sample size of 72 students where the sample is obtained by using the Slovin formula. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires to respondents. This study uses classical assumption test data analysis techniques in the form of normality tests, heteroscedasticity tests, simple linear regression tests and coefficient of determination tests, and uses the t test to test hypotheses. The results showed that Shopee E-commerce had a significant effect on the consumptive behavior of students majoring in social science education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University. This can be seen from the results of the t test, where t_hitung is greater than t_table (2.072> 1.994), with a significant level smaller than 0.05 (0.042 <0.05). Based on statistical data testing through the analysis of the coefficient of determination, it can be seen that the coefficient of determination (R^2) is 0.058 or 5.8%, which means that variable X (Shopee E-commerce) affects variable Y (consumptive behavior) 5.8%. Another 94.2% is influenced by other variables not explained in this study. Based on the research results it can be concluded: E-commerce Shopee affects the consumptive behavior of students of the Social Science Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University.
ДЕРЖАВНА ПОЛІТИКА ЩОДО ІНДИВІДУАЛІЗАЦІЇ НАВЧАННЯ У ЗАКЛАДАХ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Шелестова Людмила , Кизенко Василь
Published: March 2024

В системі освіти України індивідуалізація навчання стала одним із ключових аспектів, спрямованих на забезпечення якісної освіти та розвитку кожного учня. Цей підхід визнає і враховує унікальність кожної дитини, її потреби, інтереси, здібності та особливості. Перехід від «суб’єкт-об’єктної» до «суб’єкт-суб’єктної» парадигми – перетворення учня з пасивного об’єкта педагогічних впливів на активного учасника освітнього процесу – є однією з проблем сучасної освіти. Державна політика щодо індивідуалізації навчання відображається у нормативних документах, які надають основні принципи та вказівки для впровадження цього підходу в закладах загальної середньої освіти.  Закон України «Про освіту» встановлює загальні принципи освіти в Україні, зокрема і принципи індивідуалізації навчання. Згідно з цим законом, освітній процес має бути спрямований на задоволення потреб та інтересів кожного учня, розвиток його здібностей та формування особистості. Закон України «Про повну загальну освіту»  засвідчує, що освітній процес у закладах освіти спрямовується на виявлення та розвиток здібностей та обдарувань особистості, її індивідуальних здібностей, досягнення результатів навчання, прогресу в розвитку, зокрема формування і застосування відповідних компетентностей, визначених державними стандартами. Концепція розвитку загальної середньої освіти «Нова українська школа» передбачає перехід до нових підходів до навчання, які базуються на принципах індивідуалізації та диференціації. Зокрема, вона підкреслює необхідність створення умов для індивідуалізованого підходу до кожного учня, щоб кожен мав можливість розвиватися відповідно до своїх потреб та здібностей. Забезпечення права осіб на здобуття повної загальної середньої освіти в загальноосвітніх навчальних закладах та питання організації індивідуальної форми навчання визначається Положенням МОН України про індивідуальну форму здобуття повної загальної середньої освіти.
Relations between the Living and the Dead in Dante’s Comedy
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences, Toporova Anna
Published: March 2024

The depiction of the afterworld in Dante's Divine Comedy has a number of distinctive features - the striving for universality; the close connection between the afterworld and the earthly world; and a personalistic approach - that are best expressed in the special relations between the living and the dead. Our analysis of these relations leads to the following conclusions: 1. The boundary between the world of the living and the world of the dead is not insurmountable. 2. The relations between the living and the dead in the afterworld represent a continuation of their earthly relations yet on a new ontological level. 3. The relations between the living and the dead are important for both of them, while human ties are preserved in eternity.
Can we just play? Internal validity of assessing physiological state with a semi-standardised kicking drill in professional Australian Football.
Authors: Soley Adriano Arguedas , Shushan Tzlil , Murphy Andrew , Poulos Nicholas , Lovell Ric , Norris Dean
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To examine associations between exercise heart rate (HRex) during a continuous-fixed submaximal fitness test (CF-SMFT) and an intermittent-variable protocol (semi-standardised kicking drill, SSD) in Australian Football (AF) athletes, controlling for external intensities, within-session scheduling, and environmental conditions. Methods: Forty-four professional AF athletes (22.8±8.0 years) were monitored over 10 sessions involving a 3-minute CF-SMFT (12 kmh-1) as the first activity, and a SSD administered 35.7±8.0 minutes after the CF-SMFT. Initial HR (HRi) and HRex were collected, with external intensities measured as average velocity (mmin-1) and average acceleration-deceleration (ms-2). Environmental conditions were sampled. A penalised hierarchical linear mixed model was tuned for a Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) minima using a 10-fold cross-validation, with out-of-sample of prediction accuracy assessed via Root-Mean-Squared Error (RMSE). Results: SSD average acceleration-deceleration, HRi, temperature and ground hardness were significant moderators in the tuned model. When model covariates were held constant, a 1%-point change in SSD HRex associated with a 0.4%-point change in CF-SMFT HRex (95%CI: 0.3 to 0.5). The tuned model predicted CF-SMFT HRex with an average RMSE of 2.64±0.57 over the 10-fold cross-validation, with 74% and 86% of out-of-sample predictions falling within 2.7 and 3.7%-points respectively, from observed values; representing the lower and upper limits for detecting meaningful changes in HRex according to the documented typical error. Conclusions: Our findings support the use of a SSD to monitor physiological state in AF athletes, despite varied scheduling within-session. Model predictions of CF-SMFT HRex from SSD HRex closely aligned with observed values, considering measurement imprecision.
Cross-sectional analysis of self-promotional language in texts of grant proposals across gender
Authors: Heyard Rachel , Lim Sandar Felicity , Jorstad Anne
Published: March 2024

To investigate whether the use of positive, self-promotional language in grant proposals is associated with the gender of the applicant, we used a cross-sectional analysis on 8,150 grant proposals submitted to the Swiss National Science Foundation in life sciences disciplines across three different funding schemes, targeting applicants at different career stages. Multivariate, logistic, and negative binomial regressions were used to model the count and binary presence of positive words in grant proposal title and abstracts.We found no evidence of an association between the use of self-promotional language and gender in grant proposals from life sciences disciplines. In the Projects funding scheme, funding bottom-up research, male applicants have used on average slightly more positive words in their proposals than their female peers, but the estimates (Rate Ratio 1.057; 95% CI 0.982 - 1.139) show no evidence of an effect. Similarly, no evidence of gender differences was found in proposals from the Careers funding schemes (Rate Ratio 1.087, 95% CI 0.973 - 1.214) which target early career researchers, and in a pilot scheme (Rate Ratio 1.089, 95% CI 0.911 - 1.302), a double-blind funding scheme supporting unconventional research. It is encouraging that we found no evidence indicating a difference in the use of positive words between male and female grant applicants. Although many factors influence how peer reviewers perceive the content of grant proposals, language usage undoubtedly plays an important role. We urge other funding agencies to conduct similar studies to identify if language usage contributes to biases in grant evaluation.
Day-to-Day Spillover and Long-term Transmission of Interparental Conflict to Adolescent-Mother Conflict: The Role of Mood
Authors: Mastrotheodoros Stefanos , Van Lissa Caspar J. , Dekovic Maja , Branje Susan
Published: March 2024

Conflicts may drift from one family dyad to another. Short-term spillover as well as long?term transmission processes suggest that interparental conflict will cause parent-adolescent conflict, and vice versa, as well as that negative mood of parents and adolescents may be one of the transferring mechanisms. This multi-informant daily diary study is among the first to test the day-to-day, and year-to-year cross-lagged effects between interparental conflict and later parent?child conflict at the level of individual families (as compared to between-family studies). Also, this study investigated the mediating role of negative mood. Data came from 443 Dutch adolescents (M = 13.02, 44.5% girls), and their mothers. A total of 75 daily diaries regarding conflict and negative mood were completed across 15 weeks spread over 5 years. Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Models were applied to investigate long-term year-to-year transmission, and Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling was used to investigate short-term day-to-day spillover. Overall, we found neither short-term spillover, nor long-term transmission, as the reciprocal cross-lagged effects between interparental conflict and adolescent-mother conflict were non-significant. Even though we found direct and reciprocal cross-lagged effects between negative mood and both interparental and adolescent-mother conflict on both the day?to-day, and year-to-year timescales, both the direct and the indirect effects between interparental and adolescent-mother conflict were non-significant.
A Unified Framework for Understanding and Intervening on False News Sharing
Authors: Gollwitzer Anton , Tump Alan Novaes , Martel Cameron , Deffner Dominik , Sultan Mubashir , Kurvers Ralf , Hertwig Ralph
Published: March 2024

False news can manipulate public opinion and undermine the credibility of legitimate newssources. Although many studies have examined the sharing of false news, there has been nocomprehensive, comparative, and computational investigation of the interventions that can reducethis harmful behavior. To do so, we introduce and apply the Dynamic Semi-Integrative Approach(DSIA). DSIA involves testing multiple interventions, individual- and item-level effect modifiers,and computational choice modeling (drift–diffusion modeling) in a single framework. By applyingDSIA to false news, we find that warning labels and media literacy interventions are particularlyeffective at increasing news sharing quality, followed by a social norm intervention. Accuracyprompts were least effective. Intervention effects were consistent across individual- and item-levelcharacteristics, such as age, analytical thinking, and the political-lean of news items, suggestingwide applicability. The interventions operated via different decision-making processes, suggestingthat each intervention engages distinct mental processes to attenuate false news sharing. Bydeveloping and applying DSIA, we provide a uniquely detailed insight into false newsinterventions, and establish DSIA as a promising, scalable approach for future experimentalresearch and theory development.
The Nature of ROC Practices in Eyewitness Memory Research
Authors: Riesthuis Paul , Otgaar Henry
Published: March 2024

Eyewitness memory research has reformed police practices and policy and is sometimes relied upon in legal proceedings. Due to the practical implications derived from this research, it is imperative to evaluate how practical recommendations are postulated. To assess the practical relevance of research, effect sizes and its interpretation play a pivotal role. In this study, we examined how the frequently used effect size Area Under the Curve (AUC) obtained via Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are used and interpreted in eyewitness memory research. Via a systematic literature search, we identified 157 eyewitness memory related articles that conducted ROC curve analyses resulting in 1580 AUC values. Approximately 90% of the studies relied on statistical significance to interpret the AUC values. This practice can be problematic as the sample sizes in many studies were rather large which can lead to statistically significant effects that are trivial. Also, more than half of the studies did not report 95% CIs for their AUC values. Finally, power analyses were frequently not conducted and if they were they were, they were oftentimes not reproducible. To improve the practical inferences of eyewitness memory research, we highlight the need of establishing a smallest effect size of interest, focusing on 95% CIs, and conducting reproducible power analyses.
Opening Pandora’s Box: Person-Sensitive Conceptualization and Measurement in Psychological Science
Authors: Nilsson Artur
Published: March 2024

Although distinctions between the study of persons, populations, and mechanisms are helpful for illuminating mismatches between research assumptions, problems, and methods, it may be difficult to construe these as entirely discrete branches of psychological science. I suggest that it is more appropriate to view person-levelness (or person-sensitivity) as an ideal we should actively aspire toward, within the constraints placed by other goals such as generalizability and feasibility, when pursuing knowledge about individuals. It is an ideal that we can never hope to perfectly realize—the degree to which it is realized will always be a matter of degree, and there is therefore no clear line of demarcation between the person level and other branches of psychology. This ideal can nonetheless stimulate more person-sensitive conceptualizations, measurements, and analyses.
Defining “ethical mathematical practice” through engagement with discipline-adjacent practice standards and the mathematical community
Authors: Tractenberg Rochelle E. , Piercey Victor , Buell Catherine
Published: March 2024

Preprint of manuscript in press (2024), Journal of Science & Engineering Ethics. Peer reviewed manuscript based on 2022 White Paper, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2209.09311. This project explored what constitutes “ethical practice of mathematics”. Thematic analysis of ethical practice standards from mathematics-adjacent disciplines (statistics and computing), were combined with two organizational codes of conduct and community input resulting in over 100 items. These analyses identified 29 of the 52 items in the 2018 American Statistical Association Ethical Guidelines for Statistical Practice, and 15 of the 24 additional (unique) items from the 2018 Association of Computing Machinery Code of Ethics for inclusion. Three of the 29 items synthesized from the 2019 American Mathematical Society Code of Ethics, and zero of the Mathematical Association of America Code of Ethics, were identified as reflective of “ethical mathematical practice” beyond items already identified from the other two codes. The community contributed six unique items. Item stems were standardized to, “The ethical mathematics practitioner…”. Invitations to complete the 30-minute online survey were shared nationally (US) via Mathematics organization listservs and other widespread emails and announcements. We received 142 individual responses to the national survey, 75% of whom endorsed 41/52 items, with 90-100% endorsing 20/52 items on the survey. Items from different sources were endorsed at both high and low rates. These results suggest that the community perceives a much wider range of behaviors by mathematicians to be subject to ethical practice standards than had been previously included in professional organization codes. The results provide evidence against the argument that mathematics practitioners engaged in "pure" or "theoretical" work have minimal, small, or no ethical obligations.
Avian Diversity and Seasonal Abundance in Banpale Forest, Kaski District, Nepal
Authors: Baral Milan , Neupane Anisha , Ghimire Manshanta , Bhusal Krishna Prasad
Published: March 2024

Baseline information on bird diversity is essential for biodiversity monitoring and conservation as birds are often considered a key indicator of ecosystem health and ecological balance. Studies from other countries suggest that green patches, like university campuses, play a vital role in local bird conservation in urbanized regions. In the Kaski district of Nepal, the study of bird diversity is limited to the larger lakes of the Pokhara valley. Banpale Forest, one of the few green patches in the Pokhara valley, is considered a hotspot for birdwatching; however, no proper studies have been conducted to explore the bird diversity. This study examines the species diversity and seasonal abundance of birds in the Banpale Forest of the Institute of Forestry, Pokhara. Two trails built by villagers and students for walking were used as transects for the study. A total of 2,975 bird individuals of 125 species were counted in the survey conducted from June 2018 to May 2019, with 12 field visits along a 2.17km trail. Passeriformes (54.03%) and Accipitridae (13.71%) were the dominant order and family respectively among the recorded species. Species diversity (H’) was higher in the winter season (H’=3.99), with species richness of 13.26 and species evenness of 0.88. Insectivores (n=54) were the dominant foraging guilds among the recorded species. The high avifaunal diversity and conservation value index of Banpale Forest indicate the need for conservation planning in the region.
Status of springs in the mid-hills of Khotang district Nepal, (A case study from Diktel Rupakot Majhuwagadhi and Halesi Tuwachung Municipality)
Authors: Wagle Binaya , Manjan Shiv Kumar , Gupta Sunil Kumar
Published: March 2024

The study was conducted in Buipa (ward no.14) of Diktel Rupakot Majhuwagadhi municipality and Durchim (ward no.5) of Halesi Tuwachung municipality in Khotang district, Nepal. A total of 45 springs were mapped. The study showed 62.2% of the springs to be open springs, and the rest were modified into concrete structures. Seventy-seven percent of the springs were found to be drying up. The study showed 20% of the springs had dried up already and 17.7% were on the verge of drying. Most of the springs found were depression springs. At Durchim of Halesi Tuwachung, 16 out of 18 springs had discharge rates less than 0.05 l/s. Twelve of these had dried already. Thirty-seven per cent of the springs were located farther than 1km, of which 6.67% were also in a drying condition and more than 51% were farther than 500m. People used springs on various occasions and local festivals. Forty per cent of springs were drying due to landslides and road construction. In the Koshi basin, 78% of annual rainfall occurred during the monsoon and only 2.8% during the dry period. Springs are fully monsoon-dependent and slight fluctuation in the rainfall patterns could greatly affect the discharge in the springs
Understanding the relationship between community forest user group and local government in changing federal context of Nepal
Authors: Acharya Keshav Raj , Dahal Krishna Prasad , Bhusal Prabin , Adhikari Bikash , Dahal Binita , Pandit Prabin , Gyawali Achut Raj
Published: March 2024

After the promulgation of a constitution of a federal democratic republican state in 2015, the federal government of Nepal has been restructured into an enlarged system of local government, resulting in a new interface between community forestry and the local government. We examined the community forest governance relationship with local government in the new federal system. This study is the outcome of policy reviews, interviews with stakeholders (n=120), and field observations in four different community forest user groups (CFUGs) within two provinces in Nepal, i.e., Bagmati and Gandaki.This study found that increasing interest from local government in resource management for environmental services, particularly for ecotourism infrastructure development, has increased positive collaboration between local government and CFUGs. However, controversial legal provisions and the organizational structure of forestry offices were found to be major barriers to better collaboration. More than 80% of the forest stakeholders favoured the increased role of local government in monitoring CFUGs; however, most forestry officials were reluctant to involve local government in forest-related activities. Benefit sharing with the local government has already been started in CFUGs; however, multiple tax provisions by local, provincial, and federal governments on CFUG funds have created conflicts among the stakeholders.
Współmacierzyństwo, rodzicielstwo neutralne płciowo i wielorodzicielstwo, czyli o nowych wyzwaniach dla polskiego prawa kolizyjnego w sferze filiacji
Authors: Twardoch Paulina , Kozioł Agata
Published: March 2024

W artykule przedstawiono nowe postaci rodzicielstwa, przyjęte w obcych systemach prawnych, nie tylko z perspektywy regulacji merytorycznych, lecz również w odniesieniu do perspektywy kolizyjnoprawnej. W początkowych uwagach Autorki wyjaśniły, z jakich przyczyn prawidłowa jest kwalifikacja nowych rozwiązań prawnych do zakresu norm kolizyjnych o pochodzeniu dziecka, a nie o adopcji. W kolejnej części artykułu przedstawiono różne rozwiązania prawne dotyczące filiacji przewidziane w obcych systemach prawnych, a następnie poddano je analizie kolizyjnoprawnej. Autorki wyjaśniły, które z norm kolizyjnych (zarówno wśród polskich norm ustawowych, jak i norm pochodzących z dwustronnych umów międzynarodowych) powinny być stosowane w celu ustalenia prawa właściwego dla każdej z omawianych regulacji oraz określiły, jaki jest zakres właściwego prawa. Poddane analizie obce instytucje to: współmacierzyństwo (zarówno powstające ex lege, jak i wskutek uznania przez współmatkę), rodzicielstwo powstające na podstawie konstrukcji prawnych neutralnych płciowo oraz wielorodzicielstwo (wynikające z umowy albo z orzeczenia sądowego). Wreszcie, Autorki poddały ocenie zakres ingerencji polskiej klauzuli porządku publicznego przeciwko skutkom stosowania obcego prawa regulującego postaci rodzicielstwa nieznane polskiemu systemowi prawnemu. Artykuł zamykają uwagi końcowe
Incoterms 2020 — sukces czy zagrożenie dewaluacji?
Authors: Daszkiewicz Zuzanna
Published: March 2024

Proces ujednolicania prawa stanowi jedno z większych wyzwań międzynarodowego prawa prywatnego. Sam proces ma długą historię, która jednak nie zaowocowała konkretnymi wnioskami na temat skutecznych mechanizmów przeprowadzania procesu unifikacji. Publikacja Incoterms 2020 dała asumpt do rozważań nad przyczynami sukcesu niektórych inicjatyw unifikacji prawa prywatnego międzynarodowego i niepowodzenia innych. Istnieje szereg instrumentów prawnych służących ujednolicaniu prawa. W artykule skupiono się przede wszystkim na aktach podobnych do Incoterms, które nie pochodzą od władzy ustawodawczej. Wśród nich można wymienić standardowe klauzule umowne i zbiory zasad, a także konwencje. Artykuł omawia różne projekty i próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytanie, jakie cechy powinien mieć taki instrument, aby stał się powszechny. Analiza prowadzona jest z uwzględnieniem norm prawa kolizyjnego i materialnego oraz ich relacji do Incoterms 2020. Wreszcie, artykuł porusza również praktykę orzeczniczą związaną z Incoterms i ich znaczenie dla międzynarodowego postępowania cywilnego czy prawa podatkowego.
Wynaleźć wyspę. Podwójna lektura książki „Czerwony śnieg na Etnie" Jarosława Mikołajewskiego i Pawła Smoleńskiego
Authors: Jochemczyk Mariusz , Piotrowiak Miłosz
Published: March 2024

Autorzy artykułu podążają w ślad za Jarosławem Mikołajewskim i Pawłem Smoleńskim, którzy w swojej książce Czerwony śnieg na Etnie zmierzyli się z sycylijskim wyzwaniem. Włoska wyspa jawi się im jako szczególny skrawek świata, gdzie wszelkie procesy społeczne, kulturowe i polityczne przebiegają w unikatowy, endemiczny sposób. Tekst podzielono na trzy części: część wstępną, stanowiącą próbę odkrycia motywacji i inspiracji twórczej autorskiego duetu; część drugą – właściwą – podejmującą wielopoziomowe rozważania nad sycylijskim poczuciem wolności; część finałową, która odsłania ucieczkowe zamysły Mikołajewskiego i Smoleńskiego, by na bocznych torach ich twórczych zainteresowań odbudować utracone pasje i chęć życia. Osobną nić interpretacyjną stanowi namysł nad podwójnością aktu lektury i pisania, zarówno w naprzemiennym tasowaniu własnych fragmentów przez autorów książki, jak i w autotematycznej refleksji autorów artykułu.