bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chrome-free tanning agent based on epoxy-modified dialdehyde starch towards sustainable leather making
Authors: Hao Dongyu , Wang Xuechuan , Liu Xinhua , Su Rongrong , Duan Zhengjun , Dang Xugang
Published: November 2021

As a biomass tanning agent, epoxy-modified dialdehyde starch can significantly improve the comprehensive properties of finished leather, and is expected to be a novel sustainable chrome-free tanning agent replace traditional tanning agent.
Enabled cellulose nanopaper with outstanding water stability and wet strength via activated residual lignin as a reinforcement
Authors: Wang Jinlong , Chen Wei , Dong Tengteng , Wang Haiqi , Si Shurun , Li Xusheng
Published: November 2021

A RL-CNP with excellent wet strength and water stability was developed by using activated residual lignin as a reinforcement.
Microwave-assisted methacrylation of chitosan for 3D printable hydrogels in tissue engineering
Authors: Zanon Michael , Chiappone Annalisa , Garino Nadia , Canta Marta , Frascella Francesca , Hakkarainen Minna , Pirri Candido Fabrizio , Sangermano Marco
Published: November 2021

The microwave-assisted methacrylation of chitosan is studied. The control of the process parameters allows tuning the methacrylation degree and thus the hydrogel properties after photocuring. The resulting chitosan is 3D printable and biocompatible.
Organic microporous crystals driven by pure C–H⋯π interactions with vapor-induced crystal-to-crystal transformations
Authors: Tian Yu , Yang Jie , Gao Mingxue , Liu Zhenjiang , Zhao Meiting , Fang Manman , Li Zhen
Published: November 2021

Pure organic extrinsically porous molecular crystals (EPMCs) PBO-1 constructed via pure C–H⋯π bonds have vapor-induced crystal-to-crystal transformation capabilities, which allows them to realize the adsorption and desorption of toluene.
Tailoring the capacitive performance of ZnCo2O4 by doping of Ni2+ and fabrication of asymmetric supercapacitor
Authors: Sandhiya M. , Kaviarasan G. , Santhoshkumar S. , Sathish M.
Published: November 2021

The specific capacity of ZnCo2O4 tailored effectively by doping with Ni2+
Transition metal phosphide of nickel and cobalt-modified Zn0.5Cd0.5S for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with visible light irradiation
Authors: Hu Linying , Xu Jing , Yang Shun , Tan Zhongyi , Wang Lijuan , Zhao Sheng
Published: November 2021

Three transition metal phosphating compounds (NiCoP, Ni2P and Co2P) were loaded on Zn0.5Cd0.5S respectively. Among them, the Zn0.5Cd0.5S/NiCoP composite photocatalyst has the best hydrogen evolution activity.
Mind the gap! tailoring sol–gel ceramic mesoporous coatings on labile metal–organic frameworks through kinetic control
Authors: Bindini Elisa , Lüdtke Tanja , Otaegui Dorleta , Möller Marco , Haddad Ryma , Boissière Cédric , Moya Sergio E.
Published: November 2021

Kinetic control allows for the synthesis of mesoporous silica shells on top of labile ZIF-8 cores without compromising MOF stability.
Highly sensitive non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide monitoring platform based on nanoporous gold via a modified solid-phase reaction method
Authors: Yang Zhipeng , Li Jun , Liu Panmei , Zhang An , Wang Jing , Huang Yuan , Wang Jiangyong , Wang Zumin
Published: November 2021

Ge/Au/Ge triple-layered precursor was proposed to prepare nanoporous gold (NPG) with much smaller grain sizes and nanopores as an electrochemical sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of hydrogen peroxide.
Synthesis of a plasmonic AgCl and oxygen-rich Bi24O31Cl10 composite heterogeneous catalyst for enhanced degradation of tetracycline and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid
Authors: Adenuga Dorcas , Skosana Sifiso , Tichapondwa Shepherd , Chirwa Evans
Published: November 2021

Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid using AgCl/Bi24O31Cl10 photocatalyst in visible light.
One-pot synthesis of new alkyl 1-naphthoates bearing quinoline, pyranone and cyclohexenone moieties via metal-free sequential addition/oxidation reactions
Authors: Mousavi Seyedeh Hekmat , Mohammadizadeh Mohammad Reza , Poorsadeghi Samira , Arimitsu Satoru , Mohammadsaleh Fatemeh , Kojya Genta , Gima Shinichi
Published: November 2021

Various new alkyl 1-naphthoates bearing quinoline, pyranone and cyclohexenone moieties were successfully synthesized by a one-pot sequential addition/oxidation process.
Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels loaded with chemoattractant and anticancer drug – new formulation for attracting and tackling glioma cells
Authors: Kasapidou Paraskevi M. , de Montullé Emmanuel Laillet , Dembélé Kleouforo-Paul , Mutel Alexandre , Desrues Laurence , Gubala Vladimir , Castel Hélène
Published: November 2021

Original translational strategy to tackle glioblastoma cells using chemoattracting therapeutic HA-based hydrogels.
Dually cross-linked single network poly(ionic liquid)/ionic liquid ionogels for a flexible strain-humidity bimodal sensor
Authors: Xie Fengjin , Gao Xinpei , Yu Yang , Lu Fei , Zheng Liqiang
Published: November 2021

The DCSN PIL/IL ionogel showed excellent temperature resistance, fatigue resistance, adhesion and transparency, and exhibited satisfactory response to humidity and strain.
Pickering emulsions stabilized by metal–organic frameworks, graphitic carbon nitride and graphene oxide
Authors: Zhang Fanyu , Sha Yufei , Cheng Xiuyan , Zhang Jianling
Published: November 2021

Here we review the recent studies on Pickering emulsions stabilized by metal–organic framework, graphitic carbon nitride and graphene oxide, which have been applied in different fields such as material synthesis and catalysis.
Redistributing Zn ion flux by bifunctional graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for dendrite-free zinc metal anodes
Authors: Wu Lisha , Zhang Ying , Shang Ping , Dong Yanfeng , Wu Zhong-Shuai
Published: November 2021

g-C3N4nanosheets are fabricated and assembled on glass fibre separators as bifunctional Zn ion distributors for dendrite-free Zn anodes, endowing the Zn//MnO2batteries with enhanced performance.
Engineering non-covalently assembled protein nanoparticles for long-acting gouty arthritis therapy
Authors: Zhang Jinrui , Sun Yao , Qu Qian , Li Bo , Zhang Lili , Gu Rui , Zuo Jianlin , Wei Wei , Ma Chao , Liu Lei , Liu Kai , Li Jingjing , Zhang Hongjie
Published: November 2021

A new nanoprotein biologic was prepared via noncovalent assembly of an engineered IL-1Ra chimera protein for long-acting gouty arthritis therapy.
A novel hypocrellin-based assembly for sonodynamic therapy against glioblastoma
Authors: Zhang Chuangli , Wu Jiasheng , Liu Weimin , Zheng Xiuli , Zhang Wenjun , Lee Chun-Sing , Wang Pengfei
Published: November 2021

A cysteamine and tryptophan-modified hypocrellin derivative was synthesized and a novel hypocrellin-based assembly was prepared. This assembly could be used as an effective sonosensitizer for sonodynamic therapy against glioblastoma.
Effect of sodium doping on crystal growth and band matching of the heterojunction in flexible CZTS solar cells
Authors: Zhao Qichen , Shen Honglie , Gao Kai , Xu Yajun , Wang Xuewen , Li Yufang
Published: November 2021

Flexible Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells were doped with sodium using a novel method, which effectively facilitated carrier collection in a heterojunction and demonstrated favorable bending stability.
Piezoelectricity of (K,Na)(Nb,Sb)O3–SrZrO3(Bi,Ag)ZrO3piezoceramics and their application in planar-type actuators
Authors: Go Su-Hwan , Eum Jae-Min , Kim Dae-Su , Chae Seok-Jun , Kim Sun-Woo , Kim Eun-Ji , Chae Yeon-Gyeong , Woo Jong-Un , Nahm Sahn
Published: November 2021

The KNNS–0.01SZ–0.03BAZ piezoceramic exhibited a larged33of 650 pC/N because of the presence of a TE–O–R multi-structure and nanodomains. A planar-type KNNS–0.01SZ–0.03BAZ thick-film actuator showed excellent actuating properties.
Low nonradiative energy losses within 0.2 eV in efficient non-fullerene all-small-molecule organic solar cells
Authors: Huang Ziyun , Shi Yanan , Chang Yilin , Yang Chen , Lv Min , Shen Yifan , Liu Yanan , Zhang Jianqi , Lu Kun , Wei Zhixiang
Published: November 2021

All-small-molecule organic solar cells with high photovoltaic performance and low non-radiative energy losses ≤ 0.2 eV.
Photochromic supramolecular photonic crystals based on host–guest interactions
Authors: Sun Yongqi , Long Yue , Cai Huaqiang , Hou Kai , Li Xingchao , Zhang Xuesen , Li Jinshan , Song Kai
Published: November 2021

A photochromic supramolecular photonic crystal based on host–guest interactions without an additional photothermal agent is reported, and the colour variation trend is in correspondence with the colour of the incoming light.
Writing and erasing O-GlcNAc from target proteins in cells
Authors: Ge Yun , Woo Christina M.
Published: November 2021

O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a widespread reversible modification on nucleocytoplasmic proteins that plays an important role in many biochemical processes and is highly relevant to numerous human diseases. The O-GlcNAc modification has diverse functional impacts on individual proteins and glycosites, and methods for editing this modification on substrates are essential to decipher these functions. Herein, we review recent progress in developing methods for O-GlcNAc regulation, with a focus on methods for editing O-GlcNAc with protein- and site-selectivity in cells. The applications, advantages, and limitations of currently available strategies for writing and erasing O-GlcNAc and future directions are also discussed. These emerging approaches to manipulate O-GlcNAc on a target protein in cells will greatly accelerate the development of functional studies and enable therapeutic interventions in the O-GlcNAc field.
Vena cava presents endothelial dysfunction prior to thoracic aorta in heart failure: the pivotal role of nNOS uncoupling/oxidative stress
Authors: Dardi Patrizia , Perazza Laís Rossi , Couto Gisele Kruger , Campos Gianne Paul , Capettini Luciano dos Santos Aggum , Rossoni Luciana Venturini
Published: November 2021

Arterial endothelial dysfunction has been extensively studied in heart failure (HF). However, little is known about the adjustments shown by the venous system in this condition. Considering that inferior vena cava (VC) tone could influence cardiac performance and HF prognosis, the aim of the present study was to assess the VC and thoracic aorta (TA) endothelial function of HF-post-myocardial infarction (MI) rats, comparing both endothelial responses and signaling pathways developed. Vascular reactivity of TA and VC from HF post-MI and sham operated (SO) rats was assessed with a wire myograph, 4 weeks after coronary artery occlusion surgery. Nitric oxide (NO), H2O2 production and oxidative stress were evaluated in situ with fluorescent probes, while protein expression and dimer/monomer ratio was assessed by Western blot. VC from HF rats presented endothelial dysfunction, while TA exhibited higher acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasodilation when compared with vessels from SO rats. TA exhibited increased ACh-induced NO production due to a higher coupling of endothelial and neuronal NO synthases isoforms (eNOS, nNOS), and enhanced expression of antioxidant enzymes. These adjustments, however, were absent in VC of HF post-MI rats, which exhibited uncoupled nNOS, oxidative stress and higher H2O2 bioavailability. Altogether, the present study suggests a differential regulation of endothelial function between VC and TA of HF post-MI rats, most likely due to nNOS uncoupling and compromised antioxidant defense.
Friction behaviour between a laparoscopic grasper and the large intestine during minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Guo Yan , Cai Chengmo , Li Wei
Published: November 2021

Slippage is a common phenomenon between laparoscopic graspers and tissues during minimally invasive surgery, which may lead to inefficient surgical operations, prolonged operation time, and increased patient suffering. The stability factors related to the friction behaviour between laparoscopic graspers and the large intestine, including bio‐surface liquids, pulling angle, and surface profile of graspers, were studied. The friction behaviour at the large intestine–grasper interface was tested using a UMT‐II tribometer under the conditions of clamping force of 1–4 N, sliding displacement of 15 mm, and sliding velocity of 2 mm/s to simulate the grasping and pulling operations of soft tissue. The results showed that the bio‐surface liquid (serum) of the large intestine significantly decreased the friction coefficient, thus reducing the grasping efficiency. A pulling angle of 15° could generate the peak frictional force and enhance the grasping stability. The frictional force increased with the ratio of the profile surface area of the grasper. These results demonstrate that the grasping stability can be improved by changing either the bio‐surface liquid condition or the pulling angle. In addition, a grasper with a larger profile surface area can also prevent slippage due to its significant influence on the pressure distribution and actual contact area for tissue retention.
Optimal starting frequency of three‐phase induction motor
Authors: Chen Haixu , Bi Chao
Published: November 2021

In its applications, the starting performance of a 3‐phase induction motor (IM) is very important. The starting torque of the motor should be as high as possible within the safe current range of the motor driver. In the study, the optimal frequency for motor starting is derived from the frequency characteristic of the IM. Through the analysis of the characteristics, the optimal frequency point can be found, which is able to generate the maximum torque per unit drive current. Both theoretical analysis and experiments show that the IM with the optimal starting frequency can generate the maximum torque for a given current. The traditional methods, such as soft‐start, can reduce the starting current, but at the expense of lowering starting torque. This starting technology can solve the problem caused by traditional methods, improve the starting performance of the motor system significantly, and lower the requirement for the current redundancy of the motor driver effectively.
Optimizing energy consumption patterns of smart home based on Sine Cosine Algorithm
Authors: Youssef Heba , Kamel Salah , Hassan Mohamed H. , Khan Baseem
Published: November 2021

This paper presents a new application of the sine cosine algorithm (SCA) to obtain optimal home energy management systems (HEMS) that use the load shifting strategy of demand side management (DSM) to optimize the energy consumption patterns of a smart home. It aims to manage the load demand in an efficient way to decrease electricity bills and peak to average ratio (PAR) while maintaining user comfort through coordination among home devices. In order to meet the load demand of electricity consumers, this study schedules the load on a day‐ahead and real‐time basis. The main objective of the paper is to help balance the load through ON‐peak hours and OFF‐peak hours. Three price signals, namely: real‐time pricing (RTP), time of use (TOU), and critical peak pricing (CPP), are used to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The results show that the electricity bill and PAR are minimized by up to 40% and 50%, respectively. The scheduling using coordination between devices in real‐time does not significantly impact the cost of electricity and the peak to average ratio.
Analysis for magnetic field disturbance of hybrid DC circuit breaker during breaking
Authors: Wu Sihang , Shen Hong , Qi Lei , Zhang Bei , Cui Xiang , Zhang Xiangyu , Wei Xiaoguang , Chen Longlong
Published: November 2021

The high current of hybrid DC circuit breaker (HCB) in the process of breaking generates strong transient magnetic field (MF), which may interfere with the normal operation of driver control units (DCUs). Therefore, the analysis for transient MF disturbance is of great significance. Due to the large space scale of HCB, with the large number of power electronic devices, the numerical calculation method has the disadvantages of large consumption of resources and slow calculation speed in solving the transient MF inside the HCB. In this study, the current generation mechanism of a 500 kV HCB is analysed, and the equivalent current path is obtained by considering the skin effect. Combined with the temporal and spatial distribution of transient current, the multi‐process transient equivalent model of transient MF calculation is established, and the model has the advantages of high precision and high speed. Then, the breaking experiment of HCB is carried out, and the transient MF near the DCU is measured. The experiment results verify the validity of the model. Furthermore, the disturbance of transient MF at the DCU of the transfer branch during breaking 25 kA current is analysed.
Comprehensive local control design for eliminating line resistance effect on power sharing degradation in DC microgrids
Authors: Li Fulong , Lin Zhengyu , Xu Haoge , Wang Fei
Published: November 2021

In droop‐controlled DC microgrids, parasitic resistances of long conductive lines introduce additional terms for the power calculation and impact the power sharing accuracy. This paper proposed a comprehensive local control design for enhancing power sharing accuracy and restoring DC bus voltage while increasing stability performance in DC microgrids. A passive controller is used in the primary control to ensure the sufficient bandwidth of controller in case of frequent operation modes alteration and voltage deviation in the DC microgrid. A concept of Virtual Negative Line Resistance (VNLR) is used in the secondary control layer to compensate the real line resistance such that line resistance no longer degrades power sharing accuracy. The common DC bus voltage needs to be monitored in the proposed secondary controller. Simultaneously, the common DC bus voltage can be restored as the designed value. The monitored DC bus voltage signal is filtered by a designed low‐pass filter such that mid‐high frequency dynamics can be decoupled between secondary controls and primary controls. Then the entire local control scheme relaxes three Degrees of Freedom (DoF) which can be used for upper layer controls. Finally, the proposed control method has been experimentally validated in a 50 V DC microgrid laboratory testing system.
Parametric Wald test for target detection with distributed MIMO radar in partially mixing homogeneous and non‐homogeneous environments
Authors: Zhu Lingxiao , Wen Gongjian , Liang Yuanyuan , Luo Dengsanlang , Song Haibo
Published: November 2021

This study focusses on the target detection problem in the distributed multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) radar. The observation environment is assumed to be partially homogeneous in one transmitter‐receiver path and simultaneously non‐homogeneous for different paths. By characterising the disturbance signals with a series of auto‐regressive (AR) processes, two parametric detectors based on the Wald test are developed. The first one utilises an iterative scheme to estimate the unknown parameters that were involved in the derivation, and the second one obtains these estimations sequentially. One of the most attractive features of the two distributed MIMO radar detectors is that they can be used in the presence/absence of the training data. More specifically, they can take advantage of the training data to boost the detection performances effectively even if the training data are very limited. The simulation results of several scenarios demonstrate the remarkable detection performances of authors’ proposed methods compared with that of the competitors. Furthermore, the amplitude estimation performances of the two detectors are evaluated via the corresponding Cramér–Rao bound (CRB).
PPDTS: Predicting potential drug–target interactions based on network similarity
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Yongqing , Zhang Yu , Liu Dong , Zhang Hongjun , Wang Xianfang
Published: November 2021

Identification of drug–target interactions (DTIs) has great practical importance in the drug discovery process for known diseases. However, only a small proportion of DTIs in these databases has been verified experimentally, and the computational methods for predicting the interactions remain challenging. As a result, some effective computational models have become increasingly popular for predicting DTIs. In this work, the authors predict potential DTIs from the local structure of drug–target associations' network, which is different from the traditional global network similarity methods based on structure and ligand. A novel method called PPDTS is proposed to predict DTIs. First, according to the DTIs’ network local structure, the known DTIs are converted into a binary network. Second, the Resource Allocation algorithm is used to obtain a drug–drug similarity network and a target–target similarity network. Third, a Collaborative Filtering algorithm is used with the known drug–target topology information to obtain similarity scores. Fourth, the linear combination of drug–target similarity model and the target–drug similarity model are innovatively proposed to obtain the final prediction results. Finally, the experimental performance of PPDTS has proved to be higher than that of the previously mentioned four popular network‐based similarity methods, which is validated in different experimental datasets. Some of the predicted results can be supported in UniProt and DrugBank databases.
Neptune’s ring arcs from VLT/SPHERE-IRDIS near-infrared observations
Authors: Souami D. , Renner S. , Sicardy B. , Langlois M. , Carry B. , Delorme P. , Golaszewska P.
Published: November 2021

Context. Neptune’s incomplete ring arcs have been stable since their discovery in 1984 by stellar occultation. Although these structures should be destroyed within a few months through differential Keplerian motion, imaging data over the past couple of decades have shown that these structures remain stable.

Aims. We present the first SPHERE near-infrared observations of Neptune’s ring arcs taken at 2.2 μm (broadband Ks) with the IRDIS camera at the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in August 2016.

Methods. The images were aligned using the ephemerides of the satellite Proteus and were suitably co-added to enhance ring and satellite signals.

Results. We analyse high-angular-resolution near-infrared images of Neptune’s ring arcs obtained in 2016 at the ESO VLT-UT3 with the adaptive-optics-fed camera SPHERE-IRDIS. We derive accurate mean motion values for the arcs and the nearby satellite Galatea. The trailing arcs Fraternité and Égalité have been stable since they were last observed in 2007. Furthermore, we confirm the fading away of the leading arcs Courage and Liberté. Finally, we confirm the mismatch between the arcs’ position and the 42:43 inclined and eccentric corotation resonances with Galatea, thus demonstrating that no 42:43 corotation model works to explain the azimuthal confinement of the arcs’ materiel.
Dual-frequency single-pulse study of PSR B0950+08
Authors: Bilous A. V. , Grießmeier J. M. , Pennucci T. , Wu Z. , Bondonneau L. , Kondratiev V. , van Leeuwen J. , Maan Y. , Connor L. , Oostrum L. C. , Petroff E. , Verbiest J. P. W. , Vohl D. , McKee J. W. , Shaifullah G. , Theureau G. , Ulyanov O. M. , Cecconi B. , Coolen A. H. , Corbel S. , Damstra S. , Dénes H. , Girard J. N. , Hut B. , Ivashina M. , Konovalenko O. O. , Kutkin A. , Loose G. M. , Mulder H. , Ruiter M. , Smits R. , Tokarsky P. L. , Vermaas N. J. , Zakharenko V. V. , Zarka P. , Ziemke J.
Published: November 2021

PSR B0950+08 is a bright nonrecycled pulsar whose single-pulse fluence variability is reportedly large. Based on observations at two widely separated frequencies, 55 MHz (NenuFAR) and 1.4 GHz (Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope), we review the properties of these single pulses. We conclude that they are more similar to ordinary pulses of radio emission than to a special kind of short and bright giant pulses, observed from only a handful of pulsars. We argue that a temporal variation of the properties of the interstellar medium along the line of sight to this nearby pulsar, namely the fluctuating size of the decorrelation bandwidth of diffractive scintillation makes an important contribution to the observed single-pulse fluence variability. We further present interesting structures in the low-frequency single-pulse spectra that resemble the “sad trombones” seen in fast radio bursts (FRBs); although for PSR B0950+08 the upward frequency drift is also routinely present. We explain these spectral features with radius-to-frequency mapping, similar to the model developed by Wang et al. (2019, ApJ, 876, L15) for FRBs. Finally, we speculate that μs-scale fluence variability of the general pulsar population remains poorly known, and that its further study may bring important clues about the nature of FRBs.
Microplastic Abundance in Telebralia at Mangrove Forest Pulau Panjang, Serang-Banten
Authors: Siahaan Christina Putri , Patria Mufti Petala
Published: November 2021

This research investigated the abundance and the type of microplastic pollution in Telebralia collected at mangrove forest in Pulau Panjang. In total of 60 Telebralia consist of 30 Telebralia palustris and 30 Telebralia sulcata were collected. The soft tissue was extracted with HNO3 65% for 24 hour and mixed with NaCl solution. Samples were observed under binocular microscope and further microplastic analysis was done. Microplastic pollutions were detected in all of 60 species of Telebralia. Most of the microplastic pollutions were fiber. Overall, the average of microplastic abundance in Telebralia at mangrove forest Pulau Panjang was 2117 particles/individual. The number of suspected microplastics found in Terebralia ranged from 1240 to 3420 particles/individual. Telebralia palustris has more microplastic abundance than Telebralia sulcata. This research confirms that microplastic pollutions have infiltrated the marine ecosystem especially mangrove forest. Thus, microplastic pollutions and its effect needs further research.
Piracy Anticipation System Design on Ships
Authors: Uperiati Alena , Pramana Rozeff , Irma Septiana L.
Published: November 2021

One of the factors that caused the hijacking of ships was the lack of a security system in sailing. The purpose of this study is to design a piracy anticipation system on a ship to provide early warning to ship officers and design a shooting system, determine the distance to objects detected by sensors and design a system of sending information to the BAKAMLA (Sea Safety Agency) team in case of piracy. This research device uses four ultrasonic sensors to detect and determine the distance to objects that enter the ship’s area. The sensor reading distance is 2 cm to 50 cm. The ship’s area monitoring system uses a camera and a Raspberry Pi to improve the surveillance of ship personnel in monitoring the situation around the ship. The system installed on this ship displays video streaming and detects objects using ultrasonic sensors to determine the distance of the detected object and capture it. Video streaming, distance, and photos of detected objects can be seen on the website by opening a particular site for this monitoring system. The website is equipped with admin_name and passwords and photos of objects can be downloaded on the website. This device is equipped with a buzzer to provide early warning to the ship officers. When an object is detected. The active buzzer and SIM used will send information about piracy to the BAKAMLA team.
Utilization of Shrimp Shell Waste as Alternative Raw for Mariculture
Authors: Yulianto Tri , Putri Dwi Septiani , Miranti Shavika , Putra Wiwin Kusuma Atmaja
Published: November 2021

Feed is still one of the problems in aquaculture because it takes about 70% of operational costs. High prices is caused by imported raw materials for feed production. One possible effort to overcome this problem is to find alternative local raw materials to replace imported fish meal. The purpose of this study was to examine the proximate content of shrimp shell wastes from processing shrimp crackers (Paneus sp.) to be used as shrimp flour. Samples were colledted three times in a month, at the beginning, middle and end of the month. The waste of the heads, shells and tails of the shrimp were turned into flour for laboratory testing through proximate analysis. The data were tabulated using the Microsoft Excel softwareand then analyzed descriptively by comparing the nutrient content of shrimp waste flour with the feed requirements of mariculture. The results showed that shrimp shell flour contained protein, fat, carbohydrates and ash content of around 27.4%, 2.07%, 14.84% and 47.27%. while the resulting randemen ranged from 81.75%. Therefore, shrimp shell flour can be used as an alternative raw material for preparing marine fish feed.
Correlation of Water Quality with Microplastic Exposure Prevalence in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Aryani Desy , Khalifa Muta Ali , Herjayanto Muhammad , Pratama Ginanjar , Rahmawati Ani , Putra Risandi Dwirama , Munandar Erik
Published: November 2021

The highly use of polyethylene plastics in Indonesia has negative impact toward freshwater aquaculture systems. Omnivorous fish is one of the freshwater biota that exposed by microplastics. This study aims to determine the effect of microplastics to water quality and the prevalence of microplastic exposure in tilapia. The experimental design is conducted using a microplastic exposure (polyethylene scrub) with concentration of 0.01 g/L (P1), 0.1 g/L (P2), and 1 g/L (P3). Each treatment is repeated 3 times. The organ groups observed are the gastrointestinal, liver, gills, and gonads. The stages of the research including fish raising, microplastic extraction, water quality measuring parameter, and counting the amount of microplastics. The result obtained for water quality parameter is temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen still within safe fish farming limit. Microplastics at high concentration in water can cause a decrease in the total value of ammonia and do not affect the value of water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Microplastics are found in the digestive organs, liver, gills, and gonads. The digestive tract of tilapia is the organ with the most microplastics after 14 days of exposure. It is concluded that microplastic is harmful for the life of tilapia because it can absorb to the liver and gonads.
Manifestation And Endoparacitic Intensity On Gonggong Conch (Laevistrombus turturella)
Authors: Muzahar Muzahar , Zahra Aminatul , Wulandari Rika
Published: November 2021

Habitat the gonggong conch (Laevistrombus turturella) also known as Dog conch is a species from the Gastropod class that can be found in shallow waters with muddy sand substrate. In Kepulauan Riau Province, these animals are hunted by fishermen to sell to consumers since gonggong conch is a favourite culinary in this province. The availability of conch in the market has only relied on natural catches. The high consumption and natural fluctuations have decreased the conch population. To maintain the sustainability of the dog conch, it is necessary to carry out the cultivation activities. The cultivation begins with the selection of quality broodstock. The gonggong conch of natural origin needs to be determined before cultivation, in order to prevent the entry of disease in the cultivation system i.e. parasites. This study includes the determination, prevalence and infection intensity of endoparasites in conch from Madong Bay, Tanjungpinang. The results showed that the total length of the conch shells ranged from 55.5 to 79.5 mm with an average length of 67.72 mm and a frequency mode of 64.6 mm. The sex ratio between male and female conch is 1:1.1 (not ideal) n=30. Two kinds of parasites were found in the digestive tract of gonggong conchs are conoidacid oocysts and trematode sporocysts. The number of endoparasites, prevalence and intensity in wild caught has high numbers involving conoidacid oocysts (prev=100%; I=48.23 ind/conch) and trematode sporocysts (prev=100%; I= 135.33 ind/conch). It was concluded that the level of endoparasites infection in the dog conch from the Madong Bay was categorized as moderate-to-severe.
Teaching English as a Second Language in Vietnam: Transitioning from the Traditional Learning Approach to the Blended Learning Approach
Authors: Thi Thao Nguyen Ho , Sivapalan Subarna , Hung Hiep Pham , Van Anh Pham Thi , Thi Mai Lan Nguyen
Published: November 2021

Although blended learning (BL) has been utilized in English language teaching globally for the past few decades, it is a new phenomenon in the Vietnamese context. Little research has been done to simultaneously investigate how students and lecturers perceive blended learning implementation for English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching and learning in Vietnam, particularly within the higher education context. This study thus aims to investigate lecturers’ and students’ perspectives on BL implementation in an English Fundamentals course at a polytechnic in Hanoi, Vietnam. Data was collected via an online survey of 1500 non-English majors in the Fall 2019 semester and via interviews with 5 full-time EFL lecturers. The findings revealed that lecturers and students had positive perceptions of BL. For lecturers, the implementation of BL impacted their teaching approach and shifted the teaching of grammar and vocabulary from face-to-face to self-studying grammar and vocabulary using online lessons, devoting more in-class time to practicing speaking. Students meanwhile revealed that BL helped them develop self-autonomy of learning.
Investigating the Syntactic Structures of Patient Information Leaflets
Authors: Ibrahim Hadil Kanaan , Idrus Hairuzila BT
Published: November 2021

The majority of the Malaysian people consider the Patient Information Leaflets (PILs) of their medications difficult to read and understand because of their linguistic complexity. Clear and comprehensive PILs will help the users/readers gain the benefits of these PILs. Poor and complex PILs will cause lack of adherence to the medications being used. The current study aims first, to investigate the use of command, passive voice and negation currently used in the Malaysian PILs, their frequent occurrence and their effect on readers’ comprehension. A total of 10 leaflets of the most common disease in Malaysia, which is diabetes, were tested. The analysis was done first, by applying statistical descriptive analysis to show the frequency and percentage of each syntactic structures. Second, a comprehension questionnaire was carried out with 210 participants to evaluate the reading comprehension of the users/readers based on two texts. The original text which consists of sentences taken from the PILs and the revised text, which consists of the revised sentences of the original ones. Based on the results, command scored the highest mean value than passive and negation. Additionally, the results of conducting the comprehension questionnaire showed that most of the participants chose the revised text for command, passive and negation, respectively. These results revealed that most of the participants consider the revised text easier to read and understand than the original text. In conclusion, the linguistic complexity of the PILs will prevent users/readers from utilizing the benefits of the medical information provided by these PILs.
Orang Asli Socio-Development Index Instrument in Malaysia
Authors: Zulkipli Syaaibah , Nuri Al-Amin Endut Mohd , Ridhuan Tony Lim Abdullah Mohd
Published: November 2021

Orang Asli is among the marginalized communities in Malaysia which perceived to have a very low performance in various social indicators. Though of numerous efforts of transformational and development programs initiated by the government, there are no specific measurement tool or instrument to evaluate the performance these initiatives as to verify the effectiveness of government policies. This paper aims to propose an index instrument to assess the socio-development of Orang Asli in Malaysia. The development of this index will employ Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) to determine the indicators and sub-indicators of the index, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the weightage of each indicators and sub-indicators. The proposed Orang Asli socio-development index is expected to be the base of government strategies and action plan to provide a better living quality to Orang Asli community in Malaysia.
The Transformation from STEM to STREAM Education at Engineering and Technology Institutions of Higher Education
Authors: Thi Thao Nguyen Ho , Sivapalan Subarna , Hung Hiep Pham
Published: November 2021

The scope of STEM based academic programs such as engineering and technology education should be widened to include Science, Technology, Reading, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STREAM) to enable future STEM graduates to be able to respond to the rapid changes of IR 4.0 and be ready for STEM based professions of the 21st century. A STREAM based curriculum for STEM focused programs will promote 21st century skills including collaboration, communication, creativity and critical thinking. STREAM has been gaining much popularity globally, given its ability to provide opportunities for learners to develop 21st century skills and the 4Cs necessary to strive in the future workplace. In this paper, we provide a succinct review of current debates surrounding this issue, drawing upon examples from across the globe, in Malaysia and Vietnam.
Reflective practices for quality education in Malaysia: A mixed method approach
Authors: Choy S. Chee , Sau-Ching Yim Joanne , Singh Sedhu Daljeet , Boheran Nudin Azlinda
Published: November 2021

Teachers in Malaysia are expected to possess the necessary reflective skills to help them analyse and think through classroom situations that require diplomacy and sound judgement. This study examined the contributions of lifelong learning skills, self-assessment ability, self-belief, teaching awareness and reflective thinking in explaining the differences in teaching practices among Malaysian pre service teachers (PSTs). A mixed-methods approach was used to provide pragmatic knowledge that can be applied to further develop reflective thinking practices among PSTs. The sample of this study were 387 PSTs enrolled in Bachelor level programmes from which 11 of them volunteered to participate in the interviews. The quantitative data showed lifelong learning skills, self-belief, and teaching awareness had a significant relationship with reflective thinking. From the qualitative data analysis, PSTs were generally focused on the immediate challenge of becoming better teachers and were open to further education in time. Similarly, the results of the qualitative thread showed the PSTs were able to manage their planning, monitoring of students and evaluation of themselves and their relation to students, suggesting metacognitive awareness, a good indicator of established reflective thinking processes. Future studies will need to consider how this will influence how reflective thinking is carried out when they are practicing teachers.
A Review of Problem and Approaches to the University Students in Malaysia Toward Using Wearable Fitness Technology
Authors: Tan Siong Hui , Hew Soon Hin , Neo Tse Kian
Published: November 2021

Wearable fitness technology (WFT) is a device worn physically on the human wrist to track body activity through the calculation of one's heart rate and calories burned from the number of footsteps walked. Users of WFT utilise the device for the monitoring of body fitness. As WFT devices are popularly owned, the adoptive behaviour needed further understanding. Therefore, the attempt to extend the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) with additional determinants retrieved from aesthetics appeal would further examine the use of WFT. A recent study of Malaysian University students found that the general prevalence of university students' obesity is higher than in other Asia countries. This study focuses on investigating Malaysian university students' adoptive behaviour and factors contributing to sustained use of WFT. The use of UTAUT2 with aesthetics appeal perceived the outcome of students' physical health as the significant result in relation to adoptive behaviour and sustained use of WFT. Problem confronting by the country of university students’ obesity must be addressed meticulously. Shaping the future of healthy lifestyle and self-care advocacy is essential through the assistant of technology.
Exploring Innovative Marketing Opportunities for Halal Entrepreneurs in Hospitality and Tourism Industry
Authors: Battour Mohamed , Salaheldeen Mohamed , Mady Khalid
Published: November 2021

Innovation is essential for long-term competitiveness of firms. The lack of innovation can reduce the competitiveness of firms in the hospitality and tourism industry. Therefore, Halal entrepreneurs in the Halal travel market must prepare for a future led by innovation and technology and to build scalable, digitally enabled business models. There are many innovative opportunities that can be translated into Halal tourism product/services for Muslim and non-Muslim travellers. Some aspects of Halal travel may also satisfy the demands of the non-Muslim market. The paper discusses seven innovative opportunities that could be exploited by Halal entrepreneurs in the hospitality and tourism market. The findings are useful for entrepreneurs to develop Halal products and services for Muslim and non-Muslim travellers.
Nystagmus: Diagnosis, Topographic Anatomical Localization and Therapy
Authors: Strupp Michael Leo , Straumann Dominik , Helmchen Christoph
Published: November 2021

Nystagmus is defined as rhythmic, most often involuntary eye movements. It normally consists of a slow (pathological) drift of the eyes, followed by a fast central compensatory movement back to the primary position (refixation saccade). The direction, however, is reported according to the fast phase. The cardinal symptoms are, on the one hand, blurred vision, jumping images (oscillopsia), reduced visual acuity and, sometimes, double vision; many of these symptoms depend on the eye position. On the other hand, depending on the etiology, patients may suffer from the following symptoms: 1. permanent dizziness, postural imbalance, and gait disorder (typical of downbeat and upbeat nystagmus); 2. if the onset of symptoms is acute, the patient may experience spinning vertigo with a tendency to fall to one side (due to ischemia in the area of the brainstem or cerebellum with central fixation nystagmus or as acute unilateral vestibulopathy with spontaneous peripheral vestibular
nystagmus); or 3. positional vertigo. There are two major categories: the first is spontaneous nystagmus, i.e., nystagmus which occurs in the primary position as upbeat or downbeat nystagmus; and the second includes various types of nystagmus which are induced or modified by certain factors. Examples are gaze-evoked nystagmus, head-shaking nystagmus, positional nystagmus, and hyperventilation-induced nystagmus. In addition, there are disorders similar to nystagmus, such as ocular flutter or opsoclonus. The most common central types of spontaneous nystagmus are downbeat and upbeat, infantile, pure torsional, pendular fixation, periodic alternating, and seesaw nystagmus. Many types of nystagmus allow a precise neuroanatomical localization: for instance, downbeat nystagmus, which is most often caused by a bilateral floccular lesion or dysfunction, or upbeat nystagmus, which is caused by a lesion in the midbrain or medulla. Examples of drug treatment are the use of
4-aminopyridine for downbeat and upbeat nystagmus, memantine or gabapentin for pendular fixation nystagmus, or baclofen for periodic alternating nystagmus. In this article we are focusing on nystagmus. In a second article we will focus on central ocular motor disorders, such as saccade or gaze palsy, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, and gaze-holding deficits. Therefore, these types of eye movements will not be described here in detail.
Geschichte der Dialyse
Authors: Brunner Jürgen
Published: November 2021

Der Holländer Willem Kolff (1911– 2009) konstruierte eine Trommelniere (Abb. 1). Er wickelte einen Zellophanschlauch, der kostengünstig als Wursthaut zu beziehen war, um eine drehbare Holztrommel.
Entwicklung der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit bei
Kindern während der coronabedingten Einschränkungen im
Frühjahr/Sommer 2020
Authors: Fehr Ulrich , Strobl Helmut
Published: November 2021

Ziel der Studie Ziel der Studie ist die Untersuchung der Entwicklung der
körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit von Kindern während der
coronabedingt eingeschränkten Bewegungsmöglichkeiten im
Frühjahr/Sommer 2020.

Methodik Die körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit von 131
Grundschulkindern der 2. Jahrgangsstufe wurde unmittelbar vor den
Schulschließungen am 16. März 2020 und nach dem Ende der
Sommerferien in Rheinland-Pfalz (Ende August) über den Deutschen
Motoriktest erhoben. Die Entwicklung im Beobachtungszeitraum wurde mittels
Varianzanalyse mit Messwiederholung analysiert.

Ergebnisse Unter Berücksichtigung der entwicklungsbedingt zu
erwartenden Veränderung wurde für die Gesamtstichprobe insgesamt
ein signifikanter Anstieg der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit
sowie des BMI nachgewiesen. In den Dimensionen Schnelligkeit und Ausdauer
entwickelten sich die Kinder schlechter als altersgemäß zu
erwarten. Der Anteil an übergewichtigen Kindern stieg von 17,7 auf
23,8% an.

Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse schränken die vielfach formulierte
Befürchtung ein, die Corona-bedingten Einschränkungen im
Frühjahr/Sommer 2020 könnten negative Auswirkungen auf
die körperliche Entwicklung von Kindern haben. Die im kurzen
Beobachtungszeitraum diagnostizierten Entwicklungen bei BMI und Ausdauer sind
nach Ansicht der Autoren aber durchaus als Warnsignal zu verstehen.
Hygiene im Rettungsdienst: Wird die Wischdesinfektion der kontaminationsgefährdeten Flächen im Rettungswagen bedarfsgerecht durchgeführt?
Authors: Karl Claudia , Hüfner Andreas , Pemmerl Sylvia
Published: November 2021

Kontaminationen durch Schmierinfektionen stellen im Rettungsdienst sowohl eine Gefahr für die Patienten als auch für das Rettungsfachpersonal dar. Im Rahmen des vom Bundesministerium für
Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) finanzierten Projekts „HyFi-RTW“ (Nachhaltige Hygiene-Funktionen im Rettungswagen/-dienst) sollte hier zunächst untersucht werden, welche Oberflächen im
Rettungswagen (RTW) besonders häufig berührt werden und damit kontaminationsanfällig sind. Zudem sollte auch gezielt das Rettungsfachpersonal von RTWs dazu befragt werden, welche Areale bei
zeitkritischen Aufbereitungen vorrangig desinfiziert werden. Ziel war es, aus dem Vergleich beider Analysen eine Einschätzung zu gewinnen, welche Oberflächen im RTW ein besonderes
Kontaminationsrisiko tragen. Im Juli und August 2020 wurde an der Malteser Rettungswache Regensburg eine Fragebogenerhebung beim dort tätigen Rettungsfachpersonal durchgeführt und hier
sowohl nach häufig berührten als auch priorisiert wischdesinfizierten Oberflächen im RTW gefragt. Parallel erfolgte eine Bewertung der häufig berührten Flächen durch begleitende Beobachtung
während der Einsätze. Es zeigte sich eine Diskrepanz zwischen den objektiv und subjektiv ermittelten häufigsten Kontaktflächen im RTW und der Häufigkeit der tatsächlich im Alltag durch das
Rettungsfachpersonal wischdesinfizierten Flächen. Die daraus resultierende Gefahr, Schmierinfektionen an Patienten oder auch an das Rettungsfachpersonal weiterzugeben, muss im Rahmen von
Folgeprojekten, z. B. in einer Einsatzerprobung von antimikrobiellen und antiviralen Oberflächenbeschichtungen im RTW, weiter untersucht werden, um mittelfristig Lösungen hierfür zu
finden.