bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the treatment of Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Wishner Carolina , Taylor Colleen , Williams Monica , Kuneman Derian
Published: September 2020

Abstract

 

Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects millions of people around the world and is associated with significant morbidity and premature mortality. It is a chronic, life-long illness that affects virtually every tissue in the body, worsens over time, with varying degrees of morbidity in everyone with the disease. 

Before hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCST), the mainstay of the management of SCD included early identification of the disease through newborn screening, infection prophylaxis with vaccinations and antibiotics, management of pain crises, blood transfusions, and hydroxyurea.   These treatments although beneficial, do not cure SCD, stop the progressive end-organ damage associated with this disease, and are lifelong.   Hematopoietic stem cell transplant is one of two treatment options that offer a cure for SCD and stops the progressive end-organ damage.

The purpose of this article is to examine traditional treatments (best medical practice) and HCST for SCD and their associated complications.  The role of HCST in the treatment of sickle cell disease, as well as recent research on HSCT as a cure for SCD, risk factors, patient selection, limitations, and future use of this treatment option, are also reviewed.  Major issues surrounding the use of HCST for treating SCD include the optimal age for transplantation, disease severity, donor source, and the conditioning regimen before transplantation. The future of HCST including gene therapy is also discussed.
FACTORS DETERMINING THE EMPLOYMENT OF DISABLED PERSONS WITH SIGNIFICANT HEALTH PROBLEMS
Authors: Starobina E. M , Vladimirova O. N , Davydov A. T , Razumovsky M. I , Kozhushko L. A
Published: September 2020

Disabled people with significant impairments of body functions, make up more than 10% in the structure of the total disability prevalence rates across the regions of Russia. Some of them may be included in the labor force with the considerable help of others in specially created circumstances, such as educational or medical-industrial workshops. The purpose of research is the study of the complex of biopsychosocial factors determining the labor activities of disabled persons of various ages with significant health problems. There were observed 128 people. There were investigated the peculiarities of employment of persons with disabilities working in the medical-industrial workshops in St. Petersburg and the Leningradskaya region. There was used the method of expert and rehabilitation diagnostics, aimed at the study of the functioning of persons with disabilities with the help of processes of health domains and health-related domains systematized according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). There were revealed specific features of the functioning, activity and participation as well as affecting on them environment factors specific to working activity of «severe» psychiatric and ophthalmic disabled, as well as cases with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, capable of working in educational and medical-industrial workshops with the considerable help of other persons. In the course of the study there was determined the pronouncement of persistent disorders of mental and sensory functions and disorders of the musculoskeletal system, when people with such disabilities can be sent to the medical and educational-production workshops institutions of different departmental subordination.There were pointed out the barriers disrupting «severe» people with disabilities be employed, as well as to facilitate career and personal factors that providing a more effective integration of disabled people into the work. Involvement in the feasible work of the «severe» cases with disabilities prevent their discrimination, promote social and economic effectiveness of rehabilitation
HISTORICAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND FORMATION OF SERVICE OF MEDICO-SOCIAL EXAMINATION IN RUSSIA
Authors: Puzin S. N , Dmitrieva N. V , Shevchenko S. B , Osadchuk M. A , Suvorov V. G
Published: September 2020

The principles of the social protection of the population in Russia began to take shape in the late 10th century, along with the adoption, in 988, of Christianity in Russia. The modern history of institutions of medico-social examination began on 27 April 1918 when the people’s Commissariat of public scorn was transformed into the Commissariat of social security, and began the formation of the medical labor commissions of the predecessors of the modern institutions of medico-social examination. Thus, the system of medico-social expertise of the Russian Federation in 2017 has reached the age of 99. As the formation and development of the social insurance, social welfare and health care and improved system of medical-social expertise, strengthen its scientific base. Currently, medical-social examination has formed in a special branch of scientific knowledge and practical activities. The way of the development, passed by the medical-social examination starting from the medical-labor expertise, creation, formation and development of the medical-social examination on the entire territory of Russia can be divided into a number of stages determined by peculiarities of its political and socio-economic status.
UNRESOLVED ISSUES IN THE PROVISION OF MEDICAL-SOCIAL ASSISTANCE TO DISABLED ELDERLY PERSONS
Authors: Horkova O. V , Karasaeva Lyudmila A.
Published: September 2020

The legislative provision of social services and rehabilitation of the disabled elderly was studied. There were determined special legislative, methodological and technical problems lying in the imperfection of the model of medical-social and rehabilitation services. Organizational problems of interagency cooperation authorities and institutions in the implementation of rehabilitation and social services to disabled elderly persons were revealed. Main directions of the improvement of the system of medical-social assistance and rehabilitation are proposed.
MEDICO-SOCIAL CHARACTERISTIC OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN UFA
Authors: Ivanova Elena V. , Bakhtiyarova K. Z , Safronova E. V
Published: September 2020

The analysis of the structure and dynamics of total disability due to multiple sclerosis in the city of Ufa from 2010 to 2016 years. 256(48,5%) patients including 72% out of them of working age have the persistent disability. The majority of persons with disabilities (57%) have secondary-progressive course of the disease. The average age of persons with disabilities due to multiple sclerosis accounted of 47.3 ± 11.6 years, the average score on the EDSS of persons with disabilities was 5.3 ± 1.3 points, the average duration of the disease before the appearance of signs of persistent disability accounts of 9.8 ± 8.2 years. Economic losses due to disability from multiple sclerosis in Ufa amounted to 3 543 493 849,15 RUB.
THE ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY DISABILITY OWING TO A DIABETES MELLITUS IN MOSCOW IN DYNAMICS FOR 2013-2016
Authors: Zapariy Natalia S. , From A. Yu , Sidorova E. M , Kosheleva O. V
Published: September 2020

Age features, structure of the severity and the dynamics of primary disability owing to diabetes mellitus in Moscow for the last 4 years are studied. The comparison with indices in Central Federal District and the Russian Federation was carried out.
RESULTS OF AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF PRIMARY DISABILITY DUE TO MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE ADULT POPULATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Puzin S. N , Shurgaya M. A , Pogosyan G. E , Chludeeva T. A , Idrisova L. S
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of the analysis of the long-term dynamics of indicators of primary disability due to malignant neoplasms of the adult population in the Russian Federation. The study volume was 1919677 people aged 18 years and older. An increase in the share of newly recognized disabled people (VPI) in the structure of the total number of VPI as a result of all diseases from 17.6% in 2008 to 32.4% in 2017 (an average of 24.2% per year) was found. In the structure of the primary disability due to ZNO, elderly and middle age IDDs prevail. The level of primary disability among the middle-aged population is decreasing, while among the young and elderly age segments, is increasing. The structure of primary disability due to ZNO by severity is characterized by the predominance of VPI II and I groups of disability with a lower proportion of VPI III group. It has been established that in the Russian Federation there is a regional differentiation of subjects according to the level of disability due to EIT, which allows us to identify regions with an unfavorable situation and the need to optimize measures for primary and secondary medical and social prevention and rehabilitation.
FACTORS DETERMINING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF PATIENTSWITH SPINAL CORD INJURY
Authors: Buliubash Irina D. , Groznova E. V
Published: September 2020

Achieving psychological well-being is one of the perspective tasks of psychological rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury. The aim of the study is the focusing of psychological factors making the greatest contribution to psychological well-being of the patients. Psychodiagnostic methods were used for the study, the indicators of which characterized psychological well-being, life hardiness, emotional status, and social environment. 50 patients undergoing in-patient rehabilitation were examined. Identified using correlation analysis of the ratio indicate the need for inclusion in the recovery process of psycho-diagnostic measures the diagnosis of the degree of life hardiness (stress resistance), emotional state, social networks and quality of communication, as well as on the diagnosis of motivational states. Understanding the factors that predict psychological well-being of patients with spinal cord injury is an important aspect of their psychological rehabilitation, since they can become foci that determine the intervention of the therapist.
THE INFORMATIVENESS IN SPHERE OF PROFESSIONAL HEALTH RISKS IN WORKERS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Germanov I. A , Lebedeva-Nesevria N. A , Barg A. O
Published: September 2020

The data of sample sociological survey of workers of three large enterprises of chemical industry of the Permskii kraii in 2014-2015 was used to analyze features of perception of information concerning occupational risk factors encountered by workers in the process of labor activity and evaluation of the level of awareness about risks was given. It is proved that actual systems informing about risks of health damage as a result of labor activity at enterprises are mostly formal. It is established that most of workers are unaware about results of special evaluation of labor conditions. More than a half of those who are aware can't name class and sub-class of labor conditions at one's working place. The higher level of awareness about risks of health damage is typical for those workers who suffer of diseases related to their occupation. The most popular source of information concerning health risks is medical workers of feldsher and nurse post or medical sanitary unit. The mentioned source is not effective by virtue of specific terminology and unsystematic implementation of information activities. The system of informing about health risks in conditions of enterprise can be effective only under condition of interaction of all participants of informing process responsible for dissemination of information about risks, systematic education, advanced training of specialists of industrial labor protection, development of common strategy of informing about risks following the scheme "development-implementation-control-adjustment or new development-implementation".
THE OBJECTIFICATION OF STRATEGIES OF PALLIATIVE CARE OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASES IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL MODEL
Authors: Krom I. L , Erugina M. V , Shmerkevitch A. B , Vodolagin A. V , Dorogaikin D. L
Published: September 2020

The prevention of medicalization and objectification of strategies of palliative care of patients with chronic diseases are one of important tasks of development of regional model of palliative care. The strategies of palliative care are considered in the context of quality of life of patients with diseases of blood circulation system. The indicator of quality of life determined according the WHO questionnaire "Life Quality-100" is a multifactorial criterion of evaluation of condition of patients in case of diseases of blood circulation system. The results of study proved that disease results in alterations of indices of quality of life in "physical" sphere and "level of independence» sphere determine tendencies in rehabilitation direction of palliative care in case of diseases of blood circulation system at non-terminal stage. The evaluation of indicator of quality of life permits to objectify strategies of palliative care of this category of patients.
Prognostic modelling of blood hemodynamic response to regional and general anesthesia
Authors: Egorov Mikhail G. , Lebedinskii K. M
Published: September 2020

Prognosis of systemic circulation response to the inducation of general anaesthesia and central neuraxial block is discussed in the review. Modern approaches to preoperative cardiovascular risk assessment, while accurately predicting overall risk level, doesn't help anaesthesiologist to choose anaesthesia methods in exact patient. The authors analyzing novel approach, based on non-invasive monitoring assessment of hemodynamic response to the stimuli, physiologically similar to those challenging patient's condition during the surgery and anaesthesia. In addition to the previously introduced prognostic model of hemodynamic response to central neuraxial block based on nitroglycerine test, esmolol test as a model of response to myocardiodepressive action of general anaesthesia induction is proposed.
Child and regional anesthesia - What for? Where? And how?
Authors: Zabolotskiy Dmitriy V. , Koryachkin V. A
Published: September 2020

Regional anesthesia is experiencing a renaissance, which is certainly due to the possibility of an effective blockade of nociceptive impulsion from the surgery area, minimum pharmacological load during combined anesthesia, appropriate perioperative anesthesia and implementation of the equipment defining neuronal structure in routine practice. However, for the safe use of these techniques in pediatric practice, it is necessary to know the age-related anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child, the pharmacokinetics of local anesthetics and principles of their use. These issues are the focus of this review of the literature.
Prevention of chronic the postthoractomy pain syndrome in cancer surgery
Authors: Khoronenko Viktoria E. , Abuzyarova G. R , Malanova A. S
Published: September 2020

The review is concerned the actual problem - the prevention of chronic postthoracotomy pain syndrome in cancer surgery. The analysis of modern investigations and trends dedicated this problem is presented. The advantages and controversies of each method of perioperative management of patients with malignant pulmonary neoplasms underwent lung resections via thoracotomy approach are reported. The authors also present their original method, which reduces two times the incidence of chronic postthoracotomy pain syndrome.
Neuraxial anesthesia in obstetric patients with intracranial hypertension: ten questions and answers
Authors: Shifman Efim M. , Arustamyan R. R , Lubnin A. U , Kulikov A. V
Published: September 2020

This review covers the actual problem - the use of neuraxial anesthesia in obstetrics in women with intracranial hypertension of various etiologies. Neuraxial anesthesia in pregnant patients with intracranial pathology is possible, but this requires an individual approach, a joint discussion of anesthesiologists, obstetricians, neonatologists and neurologists. An assessment of the likelihood of increased intracranial pressure and related potential adverse effects.
THE OLD TECHNIQUE OF COMBINED SPINAL-EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA AND NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Ovechkin Alexei M. , Sokologorskiy S. V
Published: September 2020

The article contains brief information about the history of combined spinalepidural anesthesia (CSEA), the main areas of its application and the main techniques for its implementation with analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, there is provided the information on the emergence of a new set for CSEA implementation on Russian market that allows to improve the efficiency and safety of this technique.
Evaluation of central (neuraxial) blocks effectiveness in patients with obesity and reducing of coronary flow reserve at abdominal delivery
Authors: Semenihin A. A , Matlubov Mansur Muratovich , Kim O. V
Published: September 2020

The study was conducted to determine the most efficient and safe option of regional anesthesia applied abdominal delivery in obese patients (BMI - 35-39,9 kg/m2) and reduced coronary flow reserve. The study included 63 women. Depending on the anesthesia all the patients were divided into 3 groups. 1st group consisted of 21 women operated under spinal anesthesia, 2nd similar number of patients operated on epidural anesthesia, 3rd - 21 women operated on a balanced epidural anesthesia reduce the concentration of the local anesthetic combined with fentanylum and preventive analgesia. At the same time on the stages of anesthesia and surgery was studied central and peripheral hemodynamics, functional state of the sympathetic-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary system. It was found that the most efficient and safe way of pain relief in patients with obesity and reduced coronary flow reserve is reduced concentrations of epidural bupivacaine hydrochloride combined with fentanylum and preventive analgesia.
The influence of different perioperative analgesia modes on postoperative nausea and vomiting in day-case surgery patients
Authors: Karelov Alexei Y. , Borobov Yu. M
Published: September 2020

The influence of perioperative analgesia modes on the prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in day-case surgery patients is investigated in the article. The study involved 100 cases of unilateral phlebectomy under propofol and nitrous oxide anaesthesia, randomized by 4 groups with different perioperative analgesia modes of 25 patients each. In the first group fentanyl IV infusion was provided during surgery, in the second group it was amplified with ketoprofen 100 mg IV. In the third group sodium adenosintriphosphate IV infusion was provided for the whole surgery time, whereas the patients in the fourth group received 100 mg ketoprofen IV before it. Analgesic efficacy of all the four modes was equal, while ketoprofen administration aggravated and prolonged postoperative nausea and vomiting without influence on PONV morbidity.
Avaliando a Fertilidade do Solo com Imagens Digitais
Authors: Morais Pedro A. de O. , Souza Diego M. de , Madari Beata E. , Oliveira Anselmo E. de
Published: September 2020

Imagens digitais de 177 amostras de solo de três regiões do Brasil foram utilizadaspara desenvolver uma metodologia de análise dos parâmetros de fertilidade do solo:carbono orgânico total e textura. As imagens, obtidas com um scanner de mesa, foramcorrelacionadas com os parâmetros experimentais de fertilidade por meio de calibraçãomultivariada. LSSVMR apresentou os melhores resultados para estimar os teores de areia,argila e carbono orgânico. Em seguida, a classificação textural das amostras com imagensdigitais apresentou 90,6% de concordância com o método convencional. A metodologiaproposta por imagens digitais, além de determinar os parâmetros de fertilidade de formasimultânea e em poucos minutos, dispensa o uso de reagentes químicos. A aplicação dessemétodo de química verde minimiza o risco de acidentes, preserva a amostra para análisesfuturas e abre caminho para implementação on line de análises de solo.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN SABUN HERBAL DAN GERAKAN CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN DI SMA ORA ET LABORA TANGERANG SELATAN, BANTEN [TRAINING ON MAKING HERBAL SOAP AND WASHING HANDS WITH SOAP AT ORA ET LABORA HIGH SCHOOL, SOUTH TANGERANG, BANTEN]
Authors: Rosa Dela , Novia Jessica , Pranasti Ernestine Arianditha , Setiawan Benny , Megawaty Febbyasi
Published: September 2020

This community service was held for students at Ora et Labora Senior High School in Tangerang, who needed education in using and making organic soap, especialy soap that does not pollute the environment and is also good for washing hands. This activity was completed by holding a training and doing an experiment to make soap using extracts of Nathopanax scultellarium and Piper betel leaves which contain secondary metaboliites compounds with anti-bacterial and antioxidant activities. The aim of this training was to introduce the students to soap ingridients and daily-life applications of medicinal natural products. The soap made is herbal soap with natural anti-bacterial and antioxidant properties. This herbal soap is also easily degradble by natural microbes, so it is safer for environment. The training to make soap can increase student's knowledge at Ora et Labora Senior High School about soap with extras of natural ingredients, the use of soal as an easy way to live a healthy life through the washing-hands-with-soap initiative, and the awarness about the importance of preserving the environment. 

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: 

PkM ini dilaksanakan bagi siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas Ora et Labora yang memerlukan edukasi pemilihan/penggunaan dan pembuatan sabun yang ramah lingkungan untuk digunakan dalam kegiatan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS). Kegiatan dilakukan dalam bentuk pelatihan dan praktek membuat sabun menggunakan ekstrak daun mangkokan dan daun sirih yang banyak mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri and antioksidan. Dalam pelatihan ini, muridmurid dapat mengenal bahan-bahan pembuatan sabun serta mengenal penggunaan bahan alam berkhasiat obat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Sabun yang dibuat adalah sabun herbal yang berkhasiat antioksidan dan antimikroba alami. Sabun herbal ini juga mudah didegradasi oleh mikroba alami sehingga lebih aman bagi lingkungan. Pelatihan pembuatan sabun herbal dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa menengah atas Ora et Labora tentang sabun dari ekstrak bahan alam, penggunaannya melalui gerakan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS) sebagai cara mudah hidup sehat, dan pentingnya menjaga kelestarian lingkungan.
PENATAAN PERMUKIMAN NELAYAN BERBASIS EKOKULTUR DI KELURAHAN BAROMBONG KOTA MAKASSAR [ECOCULTURE DEVELOPMENT OF A FISHERMEN SETTLEMENT IN BAROMBONG VILLAGE, MAKASSAR]
Authors: Asmuliany Andi , Amalia Andi Annisa , Mutmainnah Mutmainnah
Published: September 2020

The locus of community service activities is a residential corridor node by exploring the communal space of fishermen in the Biringkassi Barombong Village. The concept of ecoculture is a concept that combines ecological aspects, namely the fishermen's environmental ecosystem and the culture of the community, namely Bugis Makassar in managing fishermen settlements towards livable and sustainable livelihood. The method used in this community service is the Regional Arrangement Method with a participatory ecocultural approach. making mockups of existing areas, FGD identification of communal spaces, drafting of concepts, agreement on the arrangement of communal spots, and activities of structuring communal spots. The structuring of the Biringkassi Barombong Fishermen Village is a result of the community's contribution in increasing the environmental assets of the settlements owned by the fishing community through he adoption of the Bugis Makassar ornament and the setting of the shared area and the use of natural colors as a symbol of closeness to the sea.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Lokus kegiatan pengabdian adalah node koridor permukiman dengan mengeksplorasi ruang komunal nelayan Kampung Biringkassi Barombong. Konsep ekokultur merupakan konsep yang mengkombinasikan aspek ekologi yaitu ekosistem lingkungan nelayan dan budaya masyarakat yaitu Bugis Makassar dalam menata permukiman nelayan menuju layak huni dan sustainable livelihood. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah Metode Penataan Kawasan dengan pendekatan partisipatif yang ekokultur. pembuatan maket eksisting kawasan, FGD identifikasi ruang komunal, penyusunan konsep, penyepakatan spot komunal penataan, dan kegiatan aksi penataan spot komunal. Penataan Kampung Nelayan Biringkassi Barombong merupakan hasil kontribusi masyarakat dalam peningkatan aset-aset lingkungan permukiman yang dimiliki oleh komunitas nelayan melalui adopsi ornamen Bugis Makassar dan setting area yang digunakan secara bersama dan penggunaan warna alami sebagai simbol kedekatan dengan laut. 

 
Lessons of application of bibliometric systems
Authors: Kessenikh Alexandr V.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to comprehending the facts of citing scientific publications on the author’s own experience. The connection of citation with the quality, importance and originality of the study is not in doubt. Nevertheless, some reasons for the appearance of citations are considered, including erroneous ones, and doubt is expressed in the unambiguous scientometric value of quoting factors in known cases. The unique role of each of the co-authors of the publication is emphasized. The problem of not widely citing many works on the history of science is discussed. A case of actually formal co-authorship and an example of an error in citing a work are indicated. A summary of the content of one of the non-cited articles of the author and comments on the reasons for the lack of links to it is given. A brief history of the creation and publication of the most cited articles of the author is considered. This includes colleagues who suggested the idea of a theoretical explanation of the observed effect, ensured its verification, and authors of subsequent articles who discussed the publication in detail and ensured its relatively wide citation. Most of the colleagues mentioned were not formally co-authors of the articles. Shows portraits of the prominent scientists, referring to the work of the author, or to stimulate their appearance and publication
A prototype for dynamic knee extension: construction, force characterization and electromiographic responses
Authors: Kalva-Filho Carlos Augusto , Barbieri Ricardo Augusto , De Andrade Vitor Luiz , Gobbi Ronaldo Bucken , Pereira Gabriel Luches , Barbieri Fabio Augusto , Papoti Marcelo
Published: September 2020

Background: In the dynamic knee extension (DKE), a metal bar is positioned parallel to bicycle frame, replacing the pedal of a cycle ergometer, which allow consecutives extensions instead of pedaling movement. Considering the fixed ratchet of cycle ergometer, the knee joint returns to its initial position passively, isolating the quadriceps group during the exercise. Thus, DKE can be used to investigate the role of the anterior thigh muscles for the locomotion or balance, for example. However, the DKE ergometer is not commercially available. Aim: to describe the construction of a prototype ergometer for DKE and characterize the force signal and electromyography responses. Methods: Six participants underwent a progressive effort to exhaustion. The electromyography signal of Vastus Lateralis and Biceps Femoris were monitored. The last 10 extensions of each stage were used for analyzes. Results: the force signal has three phases: I: knee extension moment; II: crank draws the metal rod back; III: rapid compression of the load cell by the leg. In addition, Vastus Lateralis activation was higher than Biceps Femoris in all stages (p<0.02). Interpretation: These results demonstrated that is possible to construct an ergometer for DKE, which increase the possibilities of research in motor behavior.
Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary somatosensory cortex evokes motor potentials in healthy humans’ flexor carpi radialis muscle - A pilot study
Authors: Négyesi János , Mori Takayuki , Ataka Kouta , Izumi Shinichi , Hortobágyi Tibor , Nagatomi Ryoichi
Published: September 2020

Background: Although previous studies targeted S1 by TMS to investigate its effect on the corticospinal pathway, there is no evidence if such stimuli produced by TMS would distinctly be restricted to it and not reach M1 interneurons adjacent to S1.Aim: We hypothesized that S1 vs. M1 stimulation-induced MEPs would be similar but smaller and less variable due to the focality of the magnetic pulse, considering that even if TMS is neuronavigated, the magnetic field is not selective enough and reaches M1 interneurons.Method: Healthy volunteers (n = 8, 2 females, age: 29.9 ± 5.49y) received single-pulse TMS over each hemisphere at each intensity of 90, 100, 110, and 120% of rMT in a randomized order. MEPs from the contralateral FCR were recorded.Results: We found no interhemispheric differences, but larger peak-to-peak amplitudes and variability of MEPs after M1 as compared to S1 stimulation. However, latency and waveforms of MEPs did not differ between S1 vs. M1 stimulation supporting the idea that TMS over S1 is not selective enough and can excite M1 interneurons thus producing MEPs on the contralateral FCR.Interpretation: Future studies should carefully consider these results when targeting S1 with TMS even if using a neuronavigation system.
Rap
Authors: Santos Daniela Vieira dos
Published: September 2020

O pesquisador José Ramos Tinhorão anunciara em 2004 que a canção havia acabado! O rap e a música eletrônica sinalizariam esse fim. A assertiva possibilitou o desenrolar de uma série de debates sobre o status da canção popular brasileira que adentrara o século XXI. Chico Buarque de Hollanda, por exemplo, também apontou para mudanças neste campo, admitindo que o rap seria a “negação da canção” tal qualele havia conhecido e, talvez, um sinal de que a “canção já era, passou”. Cada qual à sua maneira, seja na perspectiva de crítica, seja no diagnóstico de que algo tem mudado no plano da canção, estes comentários evidenciam que não há como desconsiderar o impacto trazido pelo rap dentre as expressões musicais contemporâneas.
A APLIKASI PEMANDU PENCARIAN RUANGAN IT TELKOM PURWOKERTO MENGGUNAKAN METODE GREEDY
Authors: Utama Nova Setia Putra
Published: September 2020

Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto (ITTP) yang berlokasi di Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia merupakanperguruan tinggi yang unggul ditingkat nasional dalam mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan berbasis teknologi informasiyang berfokus pada bidang digital. ITTP memiliki beberapa gedung diantaranya 1 Gedung DC, 1 Gedung IOT, 1 GedungTT dan 1 Gedung Rektorat, 2 Kantin, 1 Lab Industri, 3 Parkiran. Serta terbatasnya media informasi yang berada disuatubangunan gedung, biasanya sistem layanan informasi pada umumnya berbentuk pos-pos yang dijaga oleh petugas namunpetugas tidak selalu berjaga pada pos, karena petugas pada waktu tertentu berpatroli di area gedung kampus. Sehinggasering kali menyulitkan pengunjung yang baru pertama kali datang ke gedung ITTP untuk mencari sebuah lokasi ruangandan rute untuk menuju lokasi ruangan. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan Algoritma Greedy, yaitu algoritma yangmemecahkan suatu masalah, langkah demi langkah dan merupakan salah satu metode dalam masalah optimasi yang dapatditerapkan pada aplikasi pemandu pencarian ruangan. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan menghasilkan sebuah aplikasipemandu pencarian ruangan yang dapat digunakan oleh pengunjung.Kata kunci: Algoritma Greedy, Lokasi, Pengguna IT Telkom Purwokerto
Measuring Air Quality for Advocacy in Africa (MA3): Feasibility and Practicality of Longitudinal Ambient PM2.5 Measurement Using Low-Cost Sensors
Authors: Awokola Babatunde I. , Okello Gabriel , Mortimer Kevin J. , Jewell Christopher P. , Erhart Annette , Semple Sean
Published: September 2020

Urban cities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are faced with ambient air pollution. This is an important public health problem with models and limited monitoring data indicating high concentrations of pollutants such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Going through most global air quality index maps, however, information about ambient pollution from SSA is scarce. We evaluated the feasibility and practicality of longitudinal measurements of ambient PM2.5 using low-cost air quality sensors (Purple Air-II-SD) across thirteen locations in seven countries in SSA. Devices were used to gather data over a 30-day period with the aim of assessing the efficiency of its data recovery rate and identifying challenges experienced by users in each location. The median data recovery rate was 94% (range: 72% to 100%). The mean 24-hour concentration measured across all sites was 38 µg/m3 with the highest PM2.5 period average concentration of 91 µg/m3 measured in Kampala, Uganda and lowest concentrations of 15 µg/m3 measured in Faraja, The Gambia. Kampala-Uganda and Nnewi-Nigeria recorded the longest periods with concentrations>250µg/m3. Power outages, SD memory card issues, internet connectivity problems and device safety concerns were important challenges experienced when using Purple Air-II-SD sensors. Despite some operational challenges, this study demonstrated that it is reasonably practicable and feasible to establish a network of low-cost devices to provide data on local PM2.5 concentrations in SSA countries. Such data are crucially needed to raise public-, societal and policymaker awareness about air pollution across SSA.
SOCIAL CRITICISM IN RHYME DILEMA MELAYU PATANI
Authors: -Mae Fateenee Sa , Hasyim Nafron , Imron Ali , Sabardila Atiqa , Markhamah Markhamah
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study are: (1) identify social criticism the author delivers in Kumpulan Sajak Dilema Melayu Patani, and (2) study the relevance of the result as literature teaching material for Senior High School. This is a descriptive qualitative research using library technique for data collection. This research uses soft data in the form of words, phrase, clause and sentences located in the poetry by Phaosan Jehwae which contains social criticism. Data was analyzed using dialectic method. The researchers classify the result of this into social criticism and learning material relevance. The social criticism includes social condition which leads to criticism towards government, economic problems due to assets taken, which lead to poor condition, cultural problems due to changing era, and lack of faith due to foreign cultures. This poetry is found to be relevant as literature learning material, because (a) the language is appropriate with Senior High School students, (b) the content is psychologically appropriate with Senior High School spirits, and (c) socially, these poetries depict oppressed society appropriate with Senior High School students’ desire in fighting for the people. In conclusion, the poetry is relevant as literature learning material and the social criticism helps in that aspect.

Keywords: Potry, Social Critism, Literature Learning Material.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini ada dua, yakni (1) menemukan kritik sosial yang ingin disampai pengarang, dan (2) relevansi hasil penelitian sebagai bahan ajar  dalam pembelajaran sastra di SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini mengguna teknik pustaka. Data penelitian ini berupa data lunak yang berwujud kata-kata, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat yang termuat dalam Kumpulan Sajak Dileme Melayu Patani karya Phaosan Jehwae yang memuat kritik sosial. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode dialektik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, peneliti menyimpulkan dua hal, (1) Kondisi sosial terjadi karena rakyat tidak senang hati terhadap pemerintah yang tidak adil, sehingga menimbul berbagai konflik, masalah ekonomi terjadi karena harta negara dirampas rakyak dalam keadaan miskin, masalah budaya terjadi karena zaman berubah dan kekurangan iman mudah dipengaruhi budaya-budaya asing. (2) Penelitian ini relevan dengan pembelajaran sastra, karena (a) bahasanya sesuai dengan kemampuan siswa SMA,  (b) isinya secara psikologis sesuai dengan semangat juang siswa SMA, dan (c) secara sosial puisi-puisi ini menggambarkan keadaan masyarakat yang sedang tertindas yang sesuai dengan keinginan remaja seusia SMA untuk berjuang demi masyarakat.

Kata kunci: Kritik Sosial, Kumpulan Sajak Dilema Melayu Patani, Sosiologi Sastra, Bahan Ajar Sastra.

 
Produção de pacus e tambacus em tanques-rede na região Sul do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Leonardo A.F. , Lattanzi G.R. , Bueno G.W. , Baccarin A.E. , Reis Neto R.V.
Published: September 2020

Foram avaliadas as condições físicas e químicas da agua de uma represa rural utilizada para piscicultura em tanques rede, em Pariquera-Acu, SP. Neste local foram instalados 12 tanques rede de 4 m3, estocados com 300 pacus e 300 tambacus sendo 12,5 kg/m3, durante o período de 180 dias. Para determinar a qualidade da agua da represa, foram analisados cinco pontos de coleta mensalmente: abastecimento, área de criação, dividida em três pontos (10 cm, 70 cm e 150 cm de profundidade) e efluente. As medias das variáveis analisadas (± desvio padrão) foram: oxigênio dissolvido, 8,97 ± 2,46 mg L-1; temperatura máxima e mínima da agua 27,20 ± 2,08 e 21,38 ± 1,34 ºC, pH 6,45 ± 0,74, transparência da agua 96,67 ± 0,70 cm, alcalinidade total 19,26 ± 9,40 mg CaCO3 L-1, condutividade elétrica 49,38 ± 3,60 μS cm-1, nitrogênio amoniacal total 0,002 ± 0,004 mg L-1, fosforo total dissolvido 0,01 ± 0,01 mg L-1, e índice de estado trófico (IET) calculado foi de 49,3 ± 7,3. Concluímos que a criação de pacu e de tambacu em tanque rede não comprometeu a qualidade da água do reservatório rural. Entretanto as boas práticas de manejo zootécnico e o monitoramento ambiental devem ser realizados para o desenvolvimento de uma aquicultura sustentável.
Determinação dos valores energéticos e da composição química do resíduo seco de fecularia para frangos de corte
Authors: Broch J. , Da Silva I.M. , Pires Filho I.C. , Souza C. , Wachholz L. , Eyng C. , Nunes R.V.
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar os valores energéticos e a composição química do resíduo seco de fecularia (RSF) para frangos de corte. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em um esquema fatorial 2x5, constituídos de dois sexos e cinco níveis de inclusão do RSF (0; 10; 20; 30 e 40%), totalizando dez tratamentos e quatro repetições, com quatro aves por unidade experimental. O período experimental teve duração de dez dias, sendo cinco dias de adaptação e cinco de coleta de excretas. As amostras de excretas, rações e RSF foram secas em estufas de circulação forçada de ar a 55ºC. A composição bromatológica para o RSF foi de 89,86% de MS, 0,98% de PB, 3519 kcal kg-1 de EB, 0,19% de EE, 27% de FDN, 19,5% de FDA, 0,33% de cálcio, 0,43% de fósforo, 0,46% de potássio, 0,12% de magnésio, na matéria natural. Os valores médios de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA), EMA corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn), coeficiente da EMA (CMA) e coeficiente da EMAn (CMAn) do RSF, na matéria natural, foram de 1598 kcal kg-1, 1605 kcal kg-1, 45,42% e 45,61%, respectivamente. De acordo com as equações o valor de EMAn encontrado pode variar de 1789 kcal kg-1 a 1808 kcal kg-1.
Pathogens isolated in respiratory tract samples of recently hospitalized patients: Implications for primary care physicians
Authors: Henig Oryan , Benaim Anat Reiner , Neuberger Ami
Published: September 2020

Background. Little is known about the etiology of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections (CA-LRTI), and treatment is largely empirical. We aimed to provide clinicians with microbiologic data of the more severe cases, i.e. those that result in hospital admission.Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Haifa, Israel. Consecutive respiratory tract samples obtained from admitted patients older than 12 years between 2014 and 2020 were included. Pathogen distribution and drug susceptibility were described, and factors associated with 14 day mortality rates were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression with a stepwise model reduction.Results. A total of 1,395; 2,212; and 2,760 samples were included in the community-acquired LRTI with no healthcare exposure, community-acquired LRTI with recent healthcare exposure, and LRTI diagnosed 48 hours to 7 days within hospital admission LRTI groups, respectively. Gram negative bacteria were the most common bacteria isolated. Streptococcus pneumoniae was over represented in patients admitted to the intensive care unit in the first two study groups (accounting for 20% and 10.1% of patients admitted to the ICU versus 12.6% and 6.4% of patients in the entire cohort, p < 0.001). Streptococcus pneumoniae was susceptible to penicillin in around 50% of cases; to erythromycin in 65% of cases; and to fluoroquinolones and 3rd generation cephalosporins in more than 95% of cases. Twenty-five percent of other typical community pathogens were resistant to ampicillin. Susceptibility of Gram negative bacteria to penicillins with and without a β-lactamase inhibitor and to second generation cephalosporins was lower than 50%. In the multivariable analysis, factors that were associated with increased mortality in the entire cohort were: age, admission to an ICU or surgical department, healthcare-associated infections, and infections with gram negative bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Stenotrophomonas or Acinetobacter baummannii. Conclusions. Our data shows that gram negative bacteria are the most common pathogens causing LRTI. Typical community acquired pathogens are proportionally more common in younger patients, although the vast majority occur in elderly patients. The susceptibility pattern of these pathogens suggests that for high-risk patients the choice of oral antibiotics is limited.
Ultrafast Screening of COVID-19 by Machine Learning Analysis of Exhaled NO
Authors: Yang Li , Zhou Wei , Ma Jing , Sun Lei , Zhai Dong , Ren Guo-Qiang , Yu Tie , Deng Wei-Qiao
Published: September 2020

A new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has caused the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Current diagnostic methods, including nucleic acid detection, antibody detection, antigen detection and chest computed tomography (CT) imaging, usually take hours, and identification of the disease costs hundreds of dollars. Therefore, an ultrafast and economical detection method is urgently required to control the epidemic spread. Here, we report a rapid and low-cost method for rapidly preliminary screening COVID-19 suspects from healthy people. We established a machine learning (ML) model based on the fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) concentration, age, sex and body size of 34 COVID-19 patients and 70 healthy subjects. Then, the model was applied to 45 independent subjects, including 12 mild and asymptomatic COVID-19 patients, 10 patients with other diseases, and 23 healthy subjects. The patients with diseases affecting the FeNO including COVID-19, asthma, hypertension and etc were screened out as suspects with the rate of 94.1%. Only one healthy subject was misclassified. This noninvasive and comfortable detection procedure takes in two minutes and costs less than a dollar, which simultaneously improves the detection efficiency and reduces expenses by multiple orders of magnitude. This work may provide a direction for the control of the rapid spread of COVID-19.
Repeated Intrathecal Administration of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride Induces Apoptosis Via Up-Regulating of Fas/FasL Expression in the Rat Spinal Cord
Authors: Zhang Fuyu , Zeng Lian , Luo Zhao , Sang Ming , Sun Xiaodong , Luo Huiyu
Published: September 2020

Background: Ropivacaine hydrochloride (RH) is a local anesthetic and frequently used for perioperative anesthesia and analgesia; but it has potential neurotoxicity, especially when intrathecally used repeatedly for a long time, although the exact mechanism is unclear.Methods: In this study, the expression of Factor associated suicide receptor (Fas) and its ligand (FasL) in the spinal cord cells was detected in rats receiving repeated intrathecal injection of RH. The paw mechanical withdraw threshold (MWT) was measured before and 3 days after intrathecal cannulation and 24 h after intrathecal administration. Rats received intrathecal injection of 0.5%, 1%, 2% RH at 0.12 ml/kg or saline of equal volume alone. Intrathecal injection was done 8 times with an interval of 1.5h in 12 h. The spinal cord was collected for pathological examination; TUNEL staining was used to assess the apoptosis in the spinal cord and the expression of Fas, FasL, caspase-3, and caspase-8 was detected by qPCR and Western blotting.Results: 1% and 2% RH groups significantly increased the MWT (P<0.05) and more vacuoles or edema was observed in the spinal cord after RH treatment. The apoptosis rates and expression of Fas, FasL, caspase-3, and caspase-8 increased in the RH groups (P<0.05).Conclusions: Repeated intrathecal administration of RH may cause damage to the spinal cord and induce apoptosis in the spinal cord via up-regulating Fas/FasL expression.
Genotype-dependent Response to a Low-energy, Moderate Fiber Diet on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Patients who are Obese and Overweight with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: nazary-vanani ali , Yekaninejad Mir Saeed , Moradi Masoumeh , Clark Cain C. T. , Koohdani Fariba
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveBrain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plays a key role in the pathway of the hypothalamus by reducing appetite, controlling body weight and maintaining energy balance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a low-energy, moderate fiber diet on BDNF in obese and overweight type 2 diabetic patients with the APOA-II polymorphism.ResultsSerum BDNF levels increased significantly in the total participants following the low-energy, moderate fiber diet intervention (from 177.54 ± 141.54 pg/ml to 253.79 ± 206.34 pg/ml, p value = 0.025). However, the increase of serum BDNF levels did not signifcanty differ between gentyipc sub-types.
4R Tau Modulates Cocaine-Associated Memory Through Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis
Authors: Li Hongchun , Xu Wei , Wang Denian , Fang Qiyao , Wang Liang , Wan Xuemei , Zhang Jiamei , Hu Yiming , Li Huifang , Zhang Jie , Yang Zhen , Liu Chunqi , Liu Xiaocong , Wang Yonghai , Liu Bin , Zhao Ying , Bu Qian , Wang Hongbo , Tian Jingwei , Zhao Yinglan , Cen Xiaobo
Published: September 2020

Background: Drug memory that generally develops with drug-paired contextual stimuli and drug administration is critical for the development, persistence and relapse of drug addiction. Previous studies have suggested that adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) plays a role in cocaine memory formation; however, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood.Methods: Conditioned place preference (CPP), self-administration and locomotor activity were used to investigate the role of Tau in cocaine-associated memory formation. Virus-mediated gene transfer, western blot, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry analysis, Tau-interacting proteomics, co-immunoprecipitation, and mutation of 4R Tau were performed. Results: Hippocampal expression of Tau was significantly decreased during the cocaine-associated memory formation. Genetic overexpression of four microtubule-binding repeats Tau (4R Tau) in the hippocampus disrupted cocaine memory by suppressing AHN. Furthermore, 4R Tau directly interacted with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-p85 and impaired its nuclear translocation and PI3K-AKT signaling, processes required for hippocampal neuron proliferation. Conclusions: 4R Tau modulates cocaine memory formation by disrupting AHN, suggesting a novel mechanism underlying cocaine memory formation and provide a new strategy for the treatment of cocaine addiction.