bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organsational Climate and Employees Productivity Among Non-Academic Staff in Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Edo State, South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Ugbomhe Ugbomhe O. , Simon Adomokhai S.
Published: February 2022

This study examined the relationship between organizational climate and employees’ productivity in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, South-South, Nigeria. The study adopted the correlational research design. The area of the study is Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Edo State. The institution is located along express Way, KM 70 Benin Auchi Road, Benin City. The population of the study was made up of all the 1,432 non-teaching staff in all the units which the non-teaching staff function in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State. The purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting 8 units/department of the non-teaching staff while the simple random sampling technique was adopted in selecting a sample size of 300 non teaching staff from units/department in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State. These included Verification unit, Audit, Bursary, Post-Graduate Studies, Admission Unit, Information Communication Technology (ICT) Unit, Exams and Records and Senate Services Unit. Both primary and secondary data were the main sources of data used in this study. The study used panel secondary data to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses. The secondary data were obtained using questionnaire. An adapted questionnaire titled “Organizational Climate and Employees Productivity Questionnaire” (OCEPQ) was used to elicit responses from the respondents. The method which was adopted in the analysis of data for this study is the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) statistical toolusing SPSS version 20. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between job autonomy, job involvement, concern for employee welfare, organizational facilities and employees’ productivity in Ambrose Alli university, Ekpoma, Edo State. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that the university management should ensure that employees are given a reasonable and commendable job autonomy in their various unit as this would enhance their level of job productivity.
Low BHLHE40 expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of basic helix-loop-helix family member e40, BHLHE40, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. BHLHE40 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that BHLHE40 primary tumor expression was correlated with overall survival in human breast cancer. Low BHLHE40 expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
Episodic memory differences in individuals with restrictive eating patterns
Authors: Kindel Morgan , Walker Jessica
Published: February 2022

Recent research has identified a relationship between episodic memory and appetite, suggesting that poor episodic memory results in overconsumption. Despite support for this relationship in healthy and overweight populations, there have been no studies, to our knowledge, that have investigated a role for episodic memory in populations that under eat (restrictive eaters). Moreover, previous studies in this area have not examined the cognitive and environmental factors that could influence episodic memory strength and therefore serve as a mediator for eating behavior. Here, we investigated the effect of both pre-existing and experimentally induced restrictive mindsets on episodic memory for food and non-food items. Pre-existing restrictive eaters showed a memory bias for food-related items over non-food related items. This bias was amplified when a restrictive mindset was also experimentally induced. These findings may provide insight into how exposure to diet and weight-related information in restrictive eaters influences maladaptive eating.
Social associations and alcohol consumption in an Australian community sample: An egocentric social network analysis
Authors: Russell Alex M T , Monds Lauren Ann , Hing Nerilee , jeremy.kroll  , Russell Alex M , Thorne Hannah Briony
Published: February 2022

Objective This study examined how social associations from a person’s social network may be associated with their own alcohol consumption.Method Alcohol consumption behaviour was examined amongst the social networks of 784 survey respondents (54% female, mean age = 35.3 years), using egocentric social network analysis. Participants (egos) were recruited via a panel aggregator and completed an online survey about the frequency of their alcohol consumption and that of the 20 most influential people in their lives (alters). The survey also explored who these alters were (family, friends, work colleagues) and the interrelationships amongst these alters. Results Egos who consumed alcohol, or consumed alcohol more frequently, were surrounded by more alters who also drank alcohol, and felt closer (had stronger ties) to these alters. These relationships remained statistically significant when controlling for demographic and other variables. The social networks of those who consumed alcohol more frequently were more densely intertwined. Conclusions Alcohol may serve to initiate social connections and be a “social glue” that reinforces relationships. These strong social associations present a potential barrier to individuals who wish to reduce their alcohol consumption because they have few close social connections who do not drink alcohol (or who do so infrequently), and their highly interconnected social networks make it difficult to socialise only with those who do not drink frequently.
Examining Selective Migration as Attitudinal Fit versus Gay Migration
Authors: Esposito Emily , Calanchini Jimmy
Published: February 2022

Gay migration is a popular culture notion that lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people move from places that are not gay-friendly to places that are gay-friendly. Such migration may reflect person-environment fit, and it may be comparable to other types of person-environment fit that may rely on attitudes. The present research examines psychological mechanisms underlying LGB and straight people’s migration in search of fit, based on sexual orientation, sexuality attitudes, and contextual cues to gay friendliness. In Study 1, we leveraged a very large, ecologically valid internet sample to examine real-world migration, and in Study 2, we experimentally manipulated gay culture to examine desire to migrate. Both studies provide evidence for person-environment fit moderated by sexual orientation: LGB people largely migrated to gay-friendly places regardless of their own sexuality attitudes, whereas straight people migrated to places that matched their sexuality attitudes. We discuss the implications of these findings for LGB people’s health and well-being, demonstrating the importance of fostering gay culture as it relates to fit and belonging among LGB people.
Factor Score Estimation in Multi-Method Measurement Designs With Planned Missing Data
Authors: Lawes Mario , Eid Michael
Published: February 2022

Multi-method measurement designs with planned missing data (MMM-PMD) aim at combining cheap proxy methods (e.g., self-reports) with an expensive gold standard method (e.g., biomarker) in order to improve the cost-efficiency of research designs. This article presents a comprehensive simulation study investigating whether accurate factor scores with trustworthy confidence or credible intervals for the gold standard method can be obtained in MMM-PMD designs. The results indicate that the Bartlett-FIML, regression-FIML and fully Bayesian estimator perform equally well in terms of recovering the true rank-order and absolute level of the factor scores for subjects with complete data. However, for subjects with planned missing data the estimated factor scores are considerably biased and cannot be computed with the Bartlett-FIML estimator. The confidence or credible intervals for the estimated factor scores are trustworthy for complete cases. For subjects with planned missing data, the coverage rates vary considerably across conditions. Thus, the present study illustrates that individual scores from MMM-PMD designs should not be used for consequential individual decisions. Still, factor scores from MMM-PMD designs might be useful when used for secondary analyses that rely on group-level statistics like computing propensity scores for matching purposes or for factor score regression. The simulation results underline that multiple reliable proxy methods that are highly correlated with the gold standard method but are not highly correlated with each other should be administered to maximize the accuracy of the estimated factor scores as well as the trustworthiness of the corresponding confidence or credible intervals.
Left-truncated effects and overestimated meta-analytic means (comment on Mertens et al. "The effectiveness of nudging")
Authors: Bakdash Jonathan Z , Marusich Laura Ranee
Published: February 2022

Here, we reanalyze the data made available by Mertens et al. finding evidence nudges have more limited, than general, effectiveness. We show effects are clearly left-truncated, likely due to substantial publication bias; consistent with another reanalysis by Szaszi et al. We also demonstrate that most of the pooled effects as reported in Mertens et al. are overestimated and hence unrepresentative.
How do university students cope? An exploration of the Health Theory of Coping in a US sample
Authors: Stallman Helen M , Lipson Sarah K , Zhou Sasha , Eisenberg Daniel
Published: February 2022

Objective: Despite the increasing prevalence of psychological distress in university and college students, little is known about their use of coping strategies. This study explored healthy and unhealthy coping strategies in this population. Participants: A representative sample of 509 students at a large public university in the US. Methods: This study analyzed survey data from a special version of the Healthy Minds Study.Results: The most frequently used healthy strategies were distraction, deep breathing, relaxation and social activity. The most frequently used unhealthy coping strategies were spending time alone and eating. Students who used more unhealthy coping and fewer healthy strategies were more likely to have clinical levels of depression and anxiety symptoms. Relatively few students with clinical symptoms used professional support as a coping strategy. Conclusions: The results suggest that population-level monitoring and coping interventions may be promising avenues to improve university student wellbeing.
Interpreting evidence and the brain in legal domain: Do the stereotypes come in?
Authors: Sinha Chetan
Published: February 2022

Does evidence have anything to do with stereotypes? Why do people speak lies and indulge in deception? The purpose of telling the truth is contingent on knowing the truth, and that truth has value in the collective sense. The brain is positioned as that authentic source that has been predicted by some to develop the legal decision-making system. This scientific knowledge may surpass the rationality and intuition of judges. In one way, it is a boon, and in another way, it is shaping the whole framework of our knowledge system, where knowledge from brain studies reify our understanding of human actions and thinking
Social context of the brain and law: Is consciousness social?
Authors: Sinha Chetan
Published: February 2022

How does the sense of agency emerge? Does the sense of self and agency emerge from the brain or embedded in the social activities of the person and meaning making with the social objects? This chapter discuss how we become conscious and aware and what is the role of the brain when the person is not conscious of his/her action. Consciousness in the wider philosophical framework was dealt in an asocial and individual framework. The understanding of consciousness also requires one’s understanding of social context and group processes. The current race to objectify the brain is a new phrenology unless viewed critically through the societal lens. Brain has its dignity and objectification of the brain reduces humans into mechanistic entities. Law has a greater role to demystify itself from neuroscience and keep a balance taking into account precedents. This chapter ventures into how consciousness is constructed in a social arena and the way neuroscience can be included in the reformative law is the main agenda
Shape, perspective, and what is and is not perceived: Comment on Morales, Bax, and Firestone (2020)
Authors: Burge Johannes , Burge Tyler
Published: February 2022

Psychology and philosophy have long reflected on the role of perspective in vision. Since the dawn of modern vision science—roughly, since Helmholtz in the late 1800s—scientific explanations in vision have focused on understanding the computations that transform the sensed retinal image into percepts of the three-dimensional environment. The standard view in the science is that distal properties—viewpoint-independent properties of the environment (object shape) and viewpoint-dependent relational properties (3D orientation relative to the viewer)–are perceptually represented and that properties of the proximal stimulus (in vision, the retinal image) are not. This view is woven into the nature of scientific explanation in perceptual psychology, and has guided impressive advances over the past 150 years. A recently published article suggests that in shape-perception, the standard view must be revised. It argues, on the basis of new empirical data, that a new entity—perspectival shape—should be introduced into scientific explanations of shape perception. Specifically, the article’s centrally advertised claim is that, in addition to distal shape, perspectival shape is perceived. We argue that this claim rests on a series of mistakes. Problems in experimental design entail that the article provides no empirical support for any claims regarding either perspective or the perception of shape. There are further problems in scientific reasoning and conceptual development. Detailing these criticisms and explaining how science treats these issues is meant to clarify method and theory, and to improve exchanges between the science and philosophy of perception.
A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis of the Acoustic Features of Infant-Directed Speech
Authors: Cox Christopher , Bergmann Christina , Fowler Emma , Keren-Portnoy Tamar , Roepstorff Andreas , Bryant Gregory A. , Fusaroli Riccardo
Published: February 2022

When speaking to infants, adults often produce speech that differs systematically from that directed to other adults. In order to quantify the acoustic implementation of this speech style across a wide variety of languages and cultures, we extracted results from empirical studies on the acoustic features of infant-directed speech (IDS). We analyzed data from 87 unique studies (669 effect sizes) on the following five acoustic parameters that have been systematically examined in the literature: i) fundamental frequency (fo), ii) fo variability, iii) vowel space area, iv) articulation rate, and v) vowel duration. Moderator analyses were conducted in hierarchical Bayesian robust regression models in order to examine how these features change with infant age and differ across languages, experimental tasks and recording environments. The moderator analyses indicated that fo, articulation rate, and vowel duration became more similar to adult-directed speech (ADS) over time, whereas fo variability and vowel space area exhibited stability throughout development. These results point the way for future research to disentangle different accounts of the functions and learnability of IDS by conducting theory-driven comparisons among different languages and using computational models to formulate testable predictions.
Safety profile of synthetic versus natural Psoralen
Authors:   Dr. JRK’s Research and Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., No. 18 & 19 Perumal Koil Street, Kunrathur, Chennai- 600069, Tamil Nadu, India, Aruna V , Amruthavalli GV ,   Dr. JRK’s Research and Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., No. 18 & 19 Perumal Koil Street, Kunrathur, Chennai- 600069, Tamil Nadu, India, Gayathri R ,   Dr. JRK’s Research and Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., No. 18 & 19 Perumal Koil Street, Kunrathur, Chennai- 600069, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: February 2022

Psoralen is used widely in the treatment of various skin diseases such as Psoriasis, Vitiligo etc. The Psoralen used for the above purpose is in oral dosage form and the topical dosage form is likely to reduce the severe side effects of oral Psoralen. However the phototoxic effect of Psoralen in topical form limit the medical fraternity from accepting it when compared to oral Psoralen. The safety profile of synthetic Psoralen versus natural Psoralen was done and natural Psoralen was found to be non-genotoxic and exerted least toxicity to keratinocytes and melanocytes when the cells were exposerd to UV exposure. The present study clearly conclude that natural Psoralen is extremely safe over synthetic Psoralen and the topical dosage form can bring down the side effects and enhance the treatment success. Details are discussed in the paper.
Mindful Wandering: Nature and Global Travel through the Eyes of a Farmgirl Scientist
Authors: Romsdahl Rebecca J.
Published: February 2022

Mindful Wandering is an inspiring blend of memoir, travelogue, and environmental manifesto. As a translational ecologist, Rebecca Romsdahl is trained to ask critical questions about how we can improve our human relationships with the natural world for a sustainable, resilient future. As a farmgirl, she learned how to observe nature and life through the changing seasons. In this collection of essays spanning two decades, Romsdahl weaves these ideas together as she travels our changing world. From a Minnesota farm to the mountains of Peru and the edge of the Sahara Desert, she explores strategies for sustainability and resilience, and advocates that we (especially those of us privileged enough to travel) must expand our mindful considerations to include all the other inhabitants of this beautiful Earth. Romsdahl practices, and preaches, mindful wandering to reduce her impacts on the natural environment, and to encourage us all to be better global citizens. She implores us, through the eyes of a farmgirl scientist, to ask soul-searching questions: How do we reconnect with the local, seasonal rhythms of life, while learning how to care about the whole Earth as our home? Rebecca J. Romsdahl, PhD, is a translational ecologist, educator, writer, and professor in the Department of Earth System Science & Policy at the University of North Dakota. Her research and teaching examine links between social, ecological, and policy factors when scientists, stakeholders, and decision makers work together to solve environmental problems.
Exploring the Canadian Judiciary’s Experiences with and Perceptions ofGladue
Authors: Dickson Jane , Smith Kory
Published: February 2022

Section 718.2(e) of the Criminal Code of Canada requires judicial consideration of Indigenous social context evidence in any setting in which an Indigenous person is facing a possible loss of liberty. This research explored how lower courts in Canada access this information, the quality and sufficiency of the information received, and whether and how this information assists in crafting appropriate sentences for Indigenous offenders. Our study found that, despite their limitations, Gladue reports are the most satisfactory means by which social context evidence is received. Explanations for this finding are discussed, as are the policy implications of the research for current approaches to Gladue and the realization of its remedial goals.
Editorial
Authors: Romero José Pacheco
Published: February 2022

Resumen
Clasificación de cesárea según el sistema de Robson en una IPS privada de Cali, 2017
Authors: Mosquera Agudelo José Luis , Martínez Buitrago Diana Milena , Guevara Chaux Claudia Lorena , Navas Jojoa María de los Ángeles , Erazo Barahona María Isabel , Felipe Paz Fernando , Figueredo Satizábal María Fernanda , Gaviria Criollo Camilo Andrés
Published: February 2022

Objetivo. Caracterizar las cesáreas según el sistema de clasificación de Robson en una IPS privada de alta complejidad, en el periodo comprendido entre el 1 de enero y el 31 de diciembre de 2017. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y de corte transversal realizado en una IPS privada de la ciudad de Cali. Se incluyó en el estudio gestantes ingresadas para atención del parto en el 2017, se construyó una base de datos en Microsoft Excel 2010, con las variables definidas en la clasificación de Robson y se calculó la tasa de cesáreas, el tamaño relativo de cada grupo y la contribución relativa de cada grupo a la tasa general de cesáreas, así como se analiza las causas de las cesáreas. Se presentan los resultados en tablas. Resultados. La tasa de cesáreas general fue del 35,4 %. Los grupos de mayor contribución al porcentaje total de cesáreas fueron los grupos 2, 1 y 10, con 20,4%, 3,9 % y 3,3 %, respectivamente. El antecedente de cesárea previa fue la causa principal. Conclusiones. Utilizando la clasificación de Robson se logra concluir que es posible reducir la tasa de cesáreas en un 14 % interviniendo el antecedente de cesárea previa.
El enigma del coronavirus – El avance de la variante ómicron – La deltacron
Authors: Romero José Pacheco
Published: February 2022

La variante ómicron ha seguido avanzando por el mundo a una velocidad varias veces más rápida que las variantes anteriores, con más infecciones, pero menos hospitalizaciones por casos graves y muertes que la variante delta. Pero, ahora surge la duda de lo que pueda ocurrir con la nueva variante con un fondo genético similar a la variante delta, pero junto con 10 mutaciones de la ómicron, la denominada deltacron
Muerte materna en Perú
Authors: Gutiérrez Miguel
Published: February 2022

Editorial
Mortalidad materna y perinatal en municipios y corregimientos de Frontera Terrestre. Colombia 1998 – 2016
Authors: Ríos Erika , Gómez Rubén , Lopera Mónica
Published: February 2022

La mortalidad materna y perinatal representan un asunto prioritario de salud pública cuyo control reviste especial dificultad en zonas de frontera.  Objetivos. Describir el comportamiento de la mortalidad materna y perinatal en los territorios fronterizos de Colombia, entre 1998 y 2016 y establecer su asociación con factores sociodemográficos, geográficos y de atención sanitaria. Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo, basado en registros oficiales. Se calcularon las razones de mortalidad materna (RMM) y perinatal (RMP) para el período 1998-2016, identificando los puntos de inflexión mediante análisis de Joinpoint. Así mismo, se realizaron análisis bivariados y multivariados. Resultados. De los 54 municipios y 12 corregimientos de frontera, pertenecientes a 12 Departamentos, se obtuvieron 687 registros de mortalidad materna y 12,786 de mortalidad perinatal. Las razones observadas fueron 88 x 100,000 NV para la RMM y 16 x 1,000 NV para la RMP. La tendencia de estos tipos de mortalidad fue descendente, Los valores más altos de mortalidad perinatal se asociaron significativamente con la edad materna de 35 a 54 años, atención por régimen subsidiado, nivel educativo bajo, mujeres sin pareja, y embarazos múltiples. Conclusión. La mortalidad materna y perinatal registrada en los municipios fronterizos está por encima del promedio nacional.
Projeto Itinerante Amigos do Solo
Authors: Nicolette Sodré Oliveira Alexandre , Dalmo de Oliveira Marques Jean , Moura de Araújo Marques Elizalane , Severino Botelho Juvenal
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho descreve a experiência de um projeto extensionista desenvolvido de forma itinerante em instituições públicas municipais de educação, apresentando as principais contribuições para a popularização de conhecimentos sobre solos da região amazônica, tendo por objetivo geral fortalecer os conhecimentos sobre os solos da região Amazônica, sensibilizando alunos e comunidade sobre a importância do uso e ocupação sustentável do solo. As ações foram desenvolvidas com estudantes do ensino fundamental e consistiram na realização de leituras e produção textual; jogos, desenhos e atividades lúdicas; utilização de recursos tecnológicos no laboratório de informática; aulas em áreas verdes das escolas e, socialização das aprendizagens construídas. De maneira geral, os resultados indicam que o projeto contribuiu para difundir conhecimentos científicos básicos sobre solos, possibilitando aos estudantes reconhecer a importância de sua conservação.
IFAM Campus Avançado de Manacapuru e a 3ª Idade
Authors: Teixeira Lima Fábio , Brandão da Silva Ana Caroliny , Xaiane Sampaio Bastos Ingrid , de Melo D’ Almeida Luana
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho relata as atividades desenvolvidas com o grupo de idosos, através do projeto de extensão do IFAM/Campus Avançado Manacapuru em parceria com o Centro de Convivência do Idoso no Conjunto Ataliba. O objetivo do projeto é desenvolver a coordenação motora e estimular os movimentos de articulações, para relaxar o corpo e a mente. O projeto teve inicio com 08 idosos e foi concluído com um quantitativo 35 idosos, superando todas as expectativas iniciais. A metodologia das atividades físicas é elaborada, através de planejamento entre coordenador, bolsista, colaboradores e idosos, com avaliação do condicionamento físico e a presença da fisioterapeuta e médica do centro. A base teórica é composta por autores, como FOUCAULT (2013 e 2000), LARROSA (2016) e FREIRE (2014), que apresentam propostas sociais, culturais e educacionais.
الخيال العلمي والتفكير في المستقبل عربيًا وعالميًا
Authors: الرمضاني مازن
Published: February 2022

تنطلق هذه الدراسة من إشكالية مفادها أنه على الرغم من أن الخيال العلمي ودراسات المستقبلات يتميزان بقدرٍ عالٍ من الدراية لاستشراف المشاهد البديلة للمستقبل، فإنّ هذه الدراية لم تؤدِّ إلى دعم تكاملهما المنهجي. وتُحاج بأنه مثلما تستطيع دراسات المستقبلات دعم الخيال العلمي بمقارباتها المنهجية ترصينًا علميًا له، فإن الخيال العلمي يستطيع أيضًا رفد دراسات المستقبلات بما يدعمها. تتطلع هذه الدراسة إلى بلورة رؤيةٍ بشأن إشكاليتين متداخلتين لهما علاقة بتسمية الخيال العلمي في حدّ ذاتها؛ تتناول الأولى إشكالية العلاقة بين الخيال والخيال العلمي، في حين تنصرف الثانية إلى إشكالية العلاقة بين العلم والخيال العلمي. وأخيرًا، تربط الدراسة موضوعة الخيال العلمي بالسياقات العربية، وبمستقبل العلوم والتكنولوجيا فيها، ولا سيما في ضوء المستجدات والتحديات التي أتت بها جائحة فيروس كورونا المستجد (كوفيد-19).
تاريخ العلوم مدخلًا لنهضة العلوم العربية
Authors: أبطوي محمد
Published: February 2022

يُعدّ تاريخ العلوم رافعةً أساسية لنشر الثقافة العلمية في الأوساط التربوية والثقافية وفي وسائل الإعلام، ومن شأن تكثيف حضوره في برامج التدريس في التعليم العالي أن يؤدّي دورًا حاسمًا في استحضار البعد التاريخي للمعارف العلمية والنهوض بالعلوم العربية في المستقبل. لهذه الاعتبارات، نخصّص هذه الدراسة لبسط القول في مضمون هذا الموضوع ووظيفته ومنافعه المتنوعة، ونؤرخ لنشأته واشتداد عوده مُؤسَّسِيًّا ومِهنيَّا، وبشروط الإمكان التي بفضلها نما وتمكّن. وسعيًا إلى تطعيم الثقافة العربية المعاصرة بثقافة العلم، نختم بالتنبيه إلى ضرورة العناية بتقليد العلم العربي الكلاسيكي، واستئناف بحوث المدرسة العربية في تاريخ العلوم، سعيًا إلى وضع تاريخية المعرفة العلمية في خدمة البحث العلمي، بوصفه بوابةً للنهوض بالإنتاج العلمي بالعربية في المستقبل.
من الإدمان الرقمي إلى الرفاهة الرقمية: رقمنة المستقبل وتحدياتها عربيًا
Authors: علي ريان , آل ثاني دينا , سليمان المنصوري ريم , سيميلوغلو دنيز
Published: February 2022

أصبحت التكنولوجيا ذات كفاءة عالية من حيث السرعة والقدرة الحسابية، وكذلك قدرتها على جذب انتباه المستخدمين وإبقائهم مرتبطين بتجارب الحياة الرقمية. ويمكن أن يُظهر الاستخدام المفرط والمهووس للتكنولوجيا، في بعض الحالات، أعراضًا مشابهة لتلك الموجودة في الإدمان السلوكي. تبحث هذه الدراسة في مؤشرات السلوك والاستخدام الشائعة التي تعتبر مهمة لتحديد الإدمان الرقمي، والنُهج التي تلقت أدلة نجاح أوّلية في مكافحته، وتشرح مفهوم "الرفاهة الرقمية" الذي نشأ مؤخرًا، والذي يدل على العلاقة الصحيّة والإيجابية بالتكنولوجيا، وكيف يمكن أن تُقلل تصاميم التكنولوجيا المستقبلية من الإدمان الرقمي وتُعزّز الرفاهة الرقمية؛ مع الأخذ في الاعتبار التغيرات الحياتية الأخيرة المتعلقة بجائحة فيروس كورونا المستجد (كوفيد-19)، والتي أثّرت في علاقتنا بالتكنولوجيا واستخدامنا لها.
مستقبل الطب وعلم الوراثة والجينوميّات: الرهانات والمخاطر
Authors: القرقوري فاطمة
Published: February 2022

تبحث هذه الدراسة في طرائق توظيف التكنولوجيات الحديثة في مجال الطبّ الحيوي والخوض في رهاناتها ومخاطرها المستقبلية، وتعرض للجدل القائم بين فوائد مواكبة الاختراعات التكنولوجية في المجال الطبي بالنسبة إلى حياة الإنسان من جهة، ومخاطر توظيفها السلبي من جهة أخرى. ومن ثمّ، تحدّد أولًا ملامح الثورة البيوتكنولوجية، انطلاقًا من دراسة بحوث الجينوم البشري، وعلم الوراثة، مفهومًا وتاريخًا ومقاصدَ. ثم تدرس مساهمة هذه البحوث العلمية والاكتشافات الطبية في خلق أشكال جديدة للحياة ومواجهة تحديات المستقبل. وأخيرًا، نبحث في هذه الدراسة سلبيات استخدام التقنيات العلاجية الحديثة ومخاطرها الأخلاقية والاجتماعية، وسُبل ترشيد التعامل معها، حتى تكون قادرةً على التكامل مع ثورة العلوم المعاصرة من أجل كسب رهان المستقبل.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Financial Behavior
Authors: Gunawan Ade , Koto Murviana , Yusnandar Willy , Jufrizen Jufrizen
Published: February 2022

The spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia has caused disruption in all sectors, including the economic sector. One of the economic sectors currently in the spotlight is the declining per capita income, while consumption must continue to run to meet daily life. The study aims to identify the financial behavior of Muhammadiyah people in Medan before and after the Covid-19 pandemic, especially in the aspects of consumption, cash flow management, saving, investment, and credit management. In addition, it measures whether there are differences in the financial behavior of Muhammadiyah people in Medan before and after the covid-19 pandemic, so that it can be a reference for what form of financial behavior should be. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic is certainly a force majeure situation that can occur anytime and anywhere. Even though there are still many other force majeure events that can occur. It is a quantitative approach, with a statistically correlated parametric test (t test), if the data is not normal, then the Wilcoxon test is carried out. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there were significant differences between the financial behavior of Muhammadiyah people in Medan before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Heteroptera of the Kuril Islands: material collected by the International Expedition 1994-1999 and updated checklist
Authors: Kerzhner I.M. , Kanyukova E.V. , Marusik Yu.M. , Urbain B.K. , Nakamura M. , Lelej A.S.
Published: February 2022

A faunal list of Heteroptera collected in the Kuril Islands by the American participants of the International Expedition in 1994-1999 and by the Russian participants in 1996-1997 is given. Of the 121 species reported, seven are new to the fauna of the archipelago and many are recorded for the first time from particular islands, especially from Northern and Middle Kurils and smaller islands of the Habomai group. An updated list of Heteroptera of the Kuril Islands (236 species) is given. The distribution of species in the archipelago is briefly discussed.
Lacanyen Psikanalizde Eyleme Dökme: Bir Vaka Örneği
Authors: CAN Demet , UÇAR ÖZSOY Selin , GENÇÖZ Faruk
Published: February 2022

Psikanalitik literatürde eylem, öznenin sorumluluğunu aldığı etik bir kavram olarak ele alınmaktadır. Eylemin etik oluşu bilinçli amaçlara ek olarak bilinçdışı niyetleri de içermesi ile ilgilidir. Freud ve Lacan, bir eylemin bilinç düzeyinde ne kadar başarısız olursa bilinçdışının o derecede başarılı olduğunu savunmaktadır. Başka bir deyişle, sakarlıklar ve sürçmeler gibi günlük hayatta başarısız olarak görülebilecek eylemler, bilinçdışı amaçları gerçekleştirdiğinden ötürü başarılı sayılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte Freud, analizde gerçekleşen başarısız eylemleri ve sürçmeleri, eyleme dökme (acting out/agieren) kavramından ayırmaktadır. Freud eyleme dökmeyi hastanın unuttuğu ve bastırdığı nosyonları eyleme dökerek ifade etmesi olarak tanımlamaktadır. Lacan ise eyleme dökmenin salt bir hatırlama sonucunda ortaya çıkmasından ziyade Başka ile kurulan ilişki bağlamında ortaya çıktığını savunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Lacan “Kaygı” seminerinde, eyleme dökme ve eyleme geçiş arasında da ayrım yapmaktadır. Lacan her ikisinin de öznenin kaygı ile baş etmesi bağlamında ortaya çıkan eylemler olduğunu belirtmektedir. Ancak, eyleme dökme öznenin Başka’ya yönelttiği bir mesajı ve bu mesajın sergilenmesini içerirken; eyleme geçiş ise öznenin gerçekleştirdiği eylemle dil aracılığıyla var olduğu simgesel düzenden çıkarak beden ile var olduğu gerçek düzene geçiş yapmasını içermektedir. Bu makalede, eyleme dökme ve eyleme geçiş kavramları Lacanyen teori bağlamında ele alınmış ve A. Hanım vakası üzerinden tartışılmıştır.
The Impact of the Level of Fear Experienced During the COVID-19 Epidemic on Risk Aversion and Work Interaction Avoidance Behaviors: An Application on Health Professionals
Authors: YALMAN Fuat , SANCAR Tekin
Published: February 2022

The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the level of fear experienced during the COVID-19 epidemic on risk aversion and work interaction avoidance behaviors. Healthcare workers have always been the group with the highest risk of contracting virus, as they put their lives at risk in all pandemics to fight epidemics on the front lines. Hospital-based cross-sectional research design was used in the study. The universe of the research consisted of all healthcare professionals of two different public hospitals providing secondary care in Ankara. Convenience sampling method was employed. The data were collected by the researchers using the online questionnaire technique. The total number of questionnaire package that were evaluated and used in the analysis of the data is 326. SPSS and AMOS package programs were used in the analysis of the data. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, ANOVA test and structural equation modeling were applied to the data. The findings obtained with the structural equation analysis showed that the construct validity of the model was confirmed. It has been determined that the direct causal effect of the COVID-19 fear level of health professionals on risk avoidance behaviors is positive and 0.29 units, while the direct causal effect on the work interaction avoidance behaviors is positive and 0.17 units. In addition, a significant relationship was found between female gender and risk avoidance behavior. The level of fear experienced among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 epidemic seem to increase their tendency to show risk avoidance and work interaction avoidance behaviors.
COVID-19 Stresörlerine Maruziyet ve Stres Tepkisi Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: ATAK Zuhal Beyza , YALÇINKAYA ALKAR Özden
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışma ile COVID-19 pandemi sürecine ilişkin stresörleri, bireylerin bu stresörlere maruziyetlerini ve stresörlere ait stres düzeylerini değerlendirmek amacıyla Park ve arkadaşları (2020) tarafından geliştirilen COVID-19 Stresörlerine Maruziyet ve Stres Tepkisi Ölçeğinin (CSÖ) Türkçe uyarlama ve geçerlik-güvenirlik çalışmasının yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Ölçek, COVID-19 pandemi sürecine ilişkin 23 stresör maddesinden ve enfekte olma, aktiviteler ve kaynaklarla ilişkili stres alanları olmak üzere üç alt faktörden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın örneklemini yaşları 19-60 aralığında değişen 154 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Ölçeğin geçerlik analizleri için açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri kullanılmıştır. Aynı zamanda ölçüt bağlantılı geçerlik analizi için COVID-19 Pandemisi Toplum Ölçeği alt boyutları (pandemi duyarlılığı, pandemiden korunma ve pandemide sosyal güven) ve COVID-19’a ilişkin risk algısı değişkeni kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucu, orijinalinde üç alt faktör ve 23 maddeden oluşan CSÖ Türkçe formunda 20 madde ve enfekte olma, aktiviteler ve finansal ve finansal olmayan kaynaklar ile ilişkili stresörler olmak üzere üç faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Ölçek, COVID-19 Pandemisi Toplum Ölçeği pandemi duyarlılığı ve pandemiden korunma alt boyutlarıyla pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir ve bulgular ölçeğin geçerliğini destekler niteliktedir. Ölçeğin güvenirlik analizi için iç tutarlılık katsayısı, madde-toplam korelasyon değerleri, test yarılama yoluyla elde edilen güvenirlik katsayısı ve test-tekrar test güvenirlik katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular, söz konusu uyarlanan ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğunu göstermektedir. Ölçeğin Türkçe formu, COVID-19 pandemi sürecine ilişkin stresörleri ele alarak Türkiye’de bireylerin ölçekte yer alan her bir stresöre ait maruziyetlerini ve stres düzeylerini değerlendirmede özgün bir katkı sağlayacaktır.
Noninvasive electrical stimulation as an adjunct to fusion procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Matur Abhijith V. , Plummer Zachary J. , Mejia-Munne Juan C. , Tabbosha Monir , Virojanapa Justin N. , Nasser Rani , Cheng Joseph S.
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

Noninvasive electrical stimulation represents a distinct group of devices used to augment fusion rates. However, data regarding outcomes of noninvasive electrical stimulation have come from a small number of studies. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine outcomes of noninvasive electrical stimulation used as an adjunct to fusion procedures to improve rates of successful fusion.

METHODS

PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Clinical Trials database were searched according to search strategy and PRISMA guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses of fusion rates with the three main modalities of noninvasive electrical stimulation, capacitively coupled stimulation (CCS), pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs), and combined magnetic fields (CMFs), were conducted using R version 4.1.0 (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing). Both retrospective studies and clinical trials were included. Animal studies were excluded. Risk-of-bias analysis was performed with the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) and Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tools.

RESULTS

Searches of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Clinical Trials database identified 8 articles with 1216 participants meeting criteria from 213 initial results. There was a high overall risk of bias identified for the majority of randomized studies. No meta-analysis could be performed for CCS as only 1 study was identified. Meta-analysis of 6 studies of fusion rates in PEMF did not find any difference between treatment and control groups (OR 1.89, 95% CI 0.36–9.80, p = 0.449). Meta-analysis of 2 studies of CMF found no difference in fusion rates between control and treatment groups (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.07–11.93, p = 0.939). Subgroup analysis of PEMF was limited given the small number of studies and patients, although significantly increased fusion rates were seen in some subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS

This meta-analysis of clinical outcomes and fusion rates in noninvasive electrical stimulation compared to no stimulation did not identify any increases in fusion rates for any modality. A high degree of heterogeneity between studies was noted. Although subgroup analysis identified significant differences in fusion rates in certain groups, these findings were based on a small number of studies and further research is needed. This analysis does not support routine use of these devices to augment fusion rates, although the data are limited by a high risk of bias and a small number of available studies.
Clinical outcomes following resection of paraspinal ganglioneuromas: a case series of 15 patients
Authors: Goldberg Jacob L. , Hussain Ibrahim , Carnevale Joseph A. , Giantini-Larsen Alexandra , Barzilai Ori , Bilsky Mark H.
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

Paraspinal ganglioneuromas are rare tumors that arise from neural crest tissue and can cause morbidity via compression of adjacent organs and neurovascular structures. The authors investigated a case series of these tumors treated at their institution to determine clinical outcomes following resection.

METHODS

A retrospective review of a prospectively collected cohort of consecutive, pathology-confirmed, surgically treated paraspinal ganglioneuromas from 2001 to 2019 was performed at a tertiary cancer center.

RESULTS

Fifteen cases of paraspinal ganglioneuroma were identified: 47% were female and the median age at the time of surgery was 30 years (range 10–67 years). Resected tumors included 9 thoracic, 1 lumbar, and 5 sacral, with an average maximum tumor dimension of 6.8 cm (range 1–13.5 cm). Two patients had treated neuroblastomas that matured into ganglioneuromas. One patient had a secretory tumor causing systemic symptoms. Surgical approaches were anterior (n = 11), posterior (n = 2), or combined (n = 2). Seven (47%) and 5 (33%) patients underwent gross-total resection (GTR) or subtotal resection with minimal residual tumor, respectively. The complication rate was 20%, with no permanent neurological deficits or deaths. No patient had evidence of tumor recurrence or progression after a median follow-up of 68 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Surgical approaches and extent of resection for paraspinal ganglioneuromas must be heavily weighed against the advantages of aggressive debulking and decompression given the complication risk of these procedures. GTR can be curative, but even patients without complete tumor removal can show evidence of excellent long-term local control and clinical outcomes.
Creatures of the Clearings: Deforestation, Grass-Cutting Ants and Multispecies Landscape Change in Postcolonial Brazil
Authors: Cabral Diogo De Carvalho
Published: February 2022

Without denying its striking destructiveness, deforestation can be seen as a socio-ecological process through which humans negotiate their place-making with the earth and its nonhuman inhabitants. In this article I combine qualitative and geospatial methods to document and analyse how forest clearing drove the range expansion of
Atta
ants in southeast Brazil over the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. First, I outline the main deforestation drivers and dynamics, focusing on the connections between clearing practices and Atta habitat formation. Then, using Historical GIS methods, I examine the regional process of 'savannisation' and how it fuelled the expansion of two grass-cutting species. Imported African grasses such as
Melinis minutiflora
played a key role in the historical assemblage that both produced and was produced by the savannised landscapes. I conclude by highlighting the multispecies agential character of the Anthropocene as a product not only of human doings but of what humans enable other living beings to do (or prevent them from doing).
Where Is the Nomadic Family? Rigid Laws and Flexible Tundra Life in North-East Siberia
Authors: Rockhill Elena Khlinovskaya , Sidorova Lena , Vitebsky Piers
Published: February 2022

We start from a puzzle: in remote Arctic regions of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), why are many reindeer-herding families excluded from official 'nomadic family' benefits? The Republic's Nomadic Family Law is supposed to support indigenous minorities leading a 'traditional' lifestyle, but it often fails. We identify three models of family structure at work, each matching the fluidity of the physical environment and productive process more or less realistically. While our fieldwork reveals a highly flexible and all-embracing indigenous understanding of relatedness, analysis of the urban officials' laws show them to be based on unexamined concepts of 'family' rooted in Russian terminology and based on narrow ideas of the nuclear family rather than on the complementary distribution of labour across a shared space. We suggest that legal initiatives should include a wider ethnographic basis to provide a better understanding of emic concepts, while also consulting the local people most directly affected.
Kazakh Variations for Herders and Animals in the Mongolian Altai: Methodological Contributions to the Study of Nomadic Pastoralism
Authors: Marchina Charlotte , Zazzo Antoine , Lazzerini Nicolas , Coulon Aurélie , Lepetz Sébastien , Bayarkhuu Noost , Turbat Tsagaan , Noûs Camille
Published: February 2022

Kazakh herders of the Mongolian Altai practice a form of nomadism characterised by high altitudinal amplitude and more frequent movements than in other regions of Mongolia. This paper proposes a local scale study of nomadic practices using an original multidisciplinary methodological approach combining anthropological surveys and several years' GPS data tracking of five herder families' herds. The dialogue between geo-localised and qualitative data over several consecutive years makes it possible to better understand the environmental, economic, social and individual factors that determine nomadic routes and calendars. It also highlights the ways in which herders cope with interannual variations. In particular, this new methodology reveals the importance of temporary herd separations and re-evaluates the frequency of nomadic movements, which might have been underestimated by the classical anthropological approach.
The effect of proprioception training on knee kinematics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A randomized control trial
Authors: Jiang Lisi , Zhang Lei , Huang Wenhan , Zeng Qing , Huang Guozhi
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Proprioception is essential for the normal movement of knee joints. How proprioception training affects the postoperative knee functional recovery after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of proprioception training on the knee joint kinematics of patients after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). METHODS: The randomized controlled study was performed at the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital between December 2019 and April 2021. Forty-five patients who underwent ACLR were randomly divided into a proprioception group (n= 23) and a control group (n= 22). The patients were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group according to whether the final digits of their ID numbers were odd or even. All patients followed a common postoperative rehabilitation program. The outcome measures included the patients Lysholm scores, hop distances, and knee kinematics during unanticipated jump-cut maneuvering measured at different follow-up times. Knee joint kinematics were described as the positional and orientational changes of the femur relative to the tibia. RESULTS: After surgery, the proprioception group did not exhibit significantly higher hop distances than the control group at the 6-month (114.8 ± 19.0 vs. 105.9 ± 20.7 cm, p= 0.137, 95% CI: -3.13 to 22.03 cm) and 1-year follow-ups (143.1 ± 19.3 vs. 133.9 ± 26.2 cm, p= 0.216, 95% CI: -5.57 to 23.87 cm). For knee joint kinematics, the members of the proprioception training group exhibited significantly reduced knee abduction (valgus) angles and external rotation and significantly increased knee flexion compared to those in the common training group. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that proprioceptive rehabilitation training enhances knee joint functional performance and shows altered knee joint kinematics in ACL-reconstructed populations during unanticipated jump-cut maneuvering compared with the common rehabilitation training.