bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Based on Disturbance Observer for Placement Pressure Control System
Authors: Hong Qi , Shi Yaoyao , Chen Zhen
Published: June 2020

In the process of composite placement, irregularity and asymmetry pressure fluctuation will affect the density and evenness of composite products, which lead to the inconsistency of interfacial strength and fiber volume fraction. The dynamic performance of placement pressure systems will be affected by external disturbance, mechanism friction and measurement noise. In this paper, an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) strategy based on disturbance observer (DOB) is proposed. The disturbance observer is introduced to estimate the equivalent disturbance torque, and the estimation error is compensated by the switching term of sliding mode control. The adaptive method is used to ensure that the switching gain is not overestimated, and then the Lyapunov function is used to verify the stability of the closed-loop control system. The experimental results and simulation analysis show that ASMC-DOB has high control accuracy and good robustness. At the same time, the designed algorithm can effectively reduce the void content of composite products.
Live Visualization of Hemagglutinin Dynamics during Infection by Using a Novel Reporter Influenza A Virus
Authors: dos Anjos Borges Luiz Gustavo , Pisanelli Giuseppe , Khatun Oyahida , García-Sastre Adolfo , Tripathi Shashank
Published: June 2020

Live visualization of influenza A virus (IAV) structural proteins during viral infection in cells is highly sought objective to study different aspects of the viral replication cycle. To achieve this, we engineered an IAV to express a Tetra Cysteine tag (TC tag) from hemagglutinin (HA), which allows intracellular labeling of the engineered HA protein with biarsenic dyes and subsequent fluorescence detection. Using such constructs, we rescued a recombinant IAV with TC tag inserted in HA, in A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1) background (HA-TC). This recombinant HA-TC tag reporter IAV was replication-competent; however, as compared to wild type PR8 IAV, it was attenuated in multicycle replication. We confirmed expression of TC tag and biarsenical labeling of HA by immunofluorescence assay in cells infected with an HA-TC tag reporter IAV. Further, we used this reporter virus to visualize HA expression and translocation in IAV infected cells by live confocal imaging. We also tested the utility of the HA-TC IAV in testing chemical inhibitors of the HA translocation. Overall, HA-TC IAV is a versatile tool that will be useful for studying viral life cycle events, virus-host interactions, and anti-viral testing.
Localization of Tobacco Yellow Dwarf Virus Replication Using the In Plant Activation (INPACT) Expression Platform
Authors: Kato Maiko , Harding Robert , Dale James , Dugdale Benjamin
Published: June 2020

Geminiviruses and their diseases are a considerable economic threat to a vast number of crops worldwide. Investigating how and where these viruses replicate and accumulate in their hosts may lead to novel molecular resistance strategies. In this study, we used the Rep-inducible In Plant Activation (INPACT) expression platform, based on the genome of tobacco yellow dwarf virus (TYDV), to determine where this model mastrevirus replicates in its host tobacco. By developing an infectious clone of TYDV and optimizing its delivery by agroinfiltration, we first established an efficient artificial infection process. When delivered into transgenic tobacco plants containing a TYDV-based INPACT cassette encoding the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter, we showed the virus activates GUS expression. Histology revealed that reporter gene expression was limited to phloem-associated cell types suggesting TYDV replication has a restricted tissue tropism.
How to Demonstrate Freedom from African Swine Fever in Wild Boar—Estonia as an Example
Authors: Schulz Katja , Staubach Christoph , Blome Sandra , Nurmoja Imbi , Viltrop Arvo , Conraths Franz J. , Kristian Maarja , Sauter-Louis Carola
Published: June 2020

Estonia has been combatting African swine fever (ASF) for six years now. Since October 2017, the disease has only been detected in the wild boar population, but trade restrictions had to remain in place due to international regulations. Yet, the epidemiological course of the disease has changed within the last few years. The prevalence of ASF virus (ASFV)-positive wild boar decreased steadily towards 0%. In February 2019, the last ASFV-positive wild boar was detected. Since then, positive wild boar samples have exclusively been positive for ASFV-specific antibodies, suggesting the possible absence of circulating ASFV in the Estonian wild boar population. However, as the role of seropositive animals is controversially discussed and the presence of antibody-carriers is regarded as an indication of virus circulation at EU and OIE level, Estonia remains under trade restrictions. To make the disease status of a country reliable for trading partners and to facilitate the process of declaration of disease freedom, we suggest to monitor the prevalence of seropositive wild boar in absence of ASFV-positive animals. The possibility to include ASF in the list of diseases, for which an official pathway for recognition of disease status is defined by the OIE should be evaluated.
Towards Sustainable River Management of the Dutch Rhine River
Authors: Havinga Hendrik
Published: June 2020

Two thousand years of human interventions has heavily modified the Dutch Rhine river. Situated in a densely populated and developed delta, the river and its infrastructure fulfil important societal functions: safety against flooding, inland waterways, nature, freshwater supply, and agriculture. Programs to improve individual functions increasingly lead to conflicts with other functions and therefore call for an integrated approach. This paper reviews the history of the Dutch Rhine and documents the sectoral improvement programs in recent decades, explaining adverse effects such as the large-scale bed degradation at rates of up to 4 cm per year. The lessons from the past are used to propose avenues for future integrated and sustainable river training and river management, arguing that mitigating adverse effects while maintaining societal functions requires a combination of recurrent sediment management measures and extensive structural measures that may change the layout of the river system.
Modelling the Effects of Changes in Forest Cover and Climate on Hydrology of Headwater Catchments in South-Central Chile
Authors: Barrientos Guillermo , Herrero Albert , Iroumé Andrés , Mardones Oscar , Batalla Ramon J.
Published: June 2020

This study analyses the changes in the runoff of forested experimental catchments in south-central Chile, to determine to what extent observed trends can be attributed to effects of intensive forestry and/or climate change. For this, we applied the distributed TETIS® model to eight catchments (7.1−413.6 ha) representative of the land uses and forestry activities in this geographical area. Rainfall and runoff data collected between 2008 and 2015 were used for modelling calibration and validation. Simulation of three land uses (current cover, partial harvest and native forest) and 25 combinations of climatic scenarios (percentage increases or decreases of up to 20% of rainfall and evapotranspiration relative to the no-change scenario applied to input series) were used in each calibration. We found that changes in land use and climate had contrasting effects on runoff. Smaller catchments affected by the driest climatic scenarios experienced higher runoff when the forest cover was lower than under full forest cover (plantations or native forests). In contrast, larger catchments under all climatic scenarios yielded higher runoff below the full forest cover than under partial harvest and native forest. This suggests that runoff can be influenced, to a great extent, by rainfall decrease and evapotranspiration increase, with the model predicting up to a 60% decrease in runoff yield for the dry’s climatic scenario. This study proves to be relevant to inform ongoing discussions related to forest management in Chile, and is intended to minimize the impact of forest cover on runoff yield under uncertain climatic scenarios.
Salinity Management in the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia
Authors: Hart Barry , Walker Glen , Katupitiya Asitha , Doolan Jane
Published: June 2020

The southern Murray–Darling Basin (MDB) is particularly vulnerable to salinity problems. Much of the Basin’s landscape and underlying groundwater is naturally saline with groundwater not being suitable for human or irrigation use. Since European settlement in the early 1800s, two actions—the clearance of deep-rooted native vegetation for dryland agriculture and the development of irrigation systems on the Riverine Plains and Mallee region—have resulted in more water now entering the groundwater systems, resulting in mobilization of the salt to the land surface and to rivers. While salinity has been a known issue since the 1960s, it was only in the mid-1980s that was recognized as one of the most significant environmental and economic challenges facing the MDB. Concerted and cooperative action since 1988 by the Commonwealth and Basin state governments under a salinity management approach implemented over the past 30 years has resulted in salinity now being largely under control, but still requiring on-going active management into the future. The approach has involved the development of three consecutive salinity strategies governing actions from 1988 to 2000, from 2001 to 2015, and the most recent from 2016 to 2030. The basis of the approach and all three strategies is an innovative, world-leading salinity management framework consisting of: An agreed salinity target; joint works and measures to reduce salt entering the rivers; and an agreed accountability and governance system consisting of a system of salinity credits to offset debits, a robust and agreed method to quantify the credits and debits, and a salinity register to keep track of credits and debits. This paper first provides background to the salinity issue in the MDB, then reviews the three salinity management strategies, the various actions that have been implemented through these strategies to control salinity, and the role of the recent Basin Plan in salinity management. We then discuss the future of salinity in the MDB given that climate change is forecast to lead to a hotter, drier and more variable climate (particularly more frequent droughts), and that increased salt loads to the River Murray are predicted to come from the lower reaches of the Mallee region. Finally, we identify the key success factors of the program.
Psikolojik Güçlendirme İle Benimsenmiş Ulusal Kültürel Değerler Arasındaki İlişki: İstanbul İlinde Bir Alan Araştırması
Authors: BIYIKBEYİ Tuba , TAŞLIYAN Mustafa
Published: June 2020

Psikolojik güçlendirme anlam, yetenek, otonom ve etki olmak üzere dört boyuttan meydana gelen ve çalışanlara işi sahiplendirme felsefesine dayanan bir kavramdır. Anlam, bireyin kendi işine biçtiği değer; yetenek bireyin o işi yapabilmek için kendi kapasitesine olan inancı; otonom, bireyin yaptığı işte özerk davranabilmesi, kullanacağı yöntem ve teknikleri kendinin seçebilme hissi; etki ise bireyin yaptığı işin genel sonucu etkilediği ve varlığının, bulunduğu işletme için bir önem arz ettiğini hissetmesi olarak açıklanabilmektedir. Benimsenmiş ulusal kültürel değerlerin temel olarak dört alt boyutta toplanan bileşenleri, bireycilik- toplulukçuluk, güç mesafesi, belirsizlikten kaçınma ve erillik-dişilik şeklindedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı İstanbul ilinde bulunan banka çağrı merkezi çalışanlarının psikolojik güçlendirme algıları ile benimsenmiş ulusal kültürel değerleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Bu amaçla üç kamu bankasından 359 çalışana anket uygulanarak veri toplanmıştır. Veriler, frekans, korelasyon, Kruskal Wallis ve çapraz tablo analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, yetenek seviyesi arttıkça, çalışanların güç mesafesi aralıklarında azalma, belirsizlikten kaçınma seviyelerinde artma, toplulukçuluk anlayışına yatkınlık görülmüştür. Otonom düzeyi arttıkça çalışanların toplulukçuluk eğilimde artış; etki düzeyi arttıkça, belirsizlikten kaçınma eğilimlerinde azalış, güç mesafelerinde artış; yeteneklerinde artış ve daha toplulukçu kültürü benimseme eğiliminde oldukları görülmüştür.
Taşınmaz Bir Kültür Varlığının Yeniden İşlevlendirilmesine Yönelik Sistematik Analiz
Authors: MÜEZZİNOĞLU Menşure Kübra , NORASLI Mehmet , SUNGUR Mine
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışma ile yapıldığı dönemde, yolcuların gecelik konaklamak için uğrak yeri olan fakat ilerleyen zamanlarda eski önemini yitirerek kullanım dışı kalması sebebiyle; yapısal bozulmalar, kötü kullanım ve neredeyse yok olma tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya kalmış olan Konya ilinde bulunan Dibi Delik Han ele alınmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında; özgün kullanımını yitiren tarihi yapının, SWOT analiz yöntemiyle mekânsal analizi yapılarak yeniden işlevlendirilmesine yönelik değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda yapılan mekânsal analiz ile; işlevsel ve fiziksel olarak han yapısının mevcut durumunun sonradan yüklenen işlev için ne kadar uygun olduğu sorusuna cevaplar aranmıştır. Bu yöntem aracılığıyla incelenen yapıda, yapıya yüklenecek olan fonksiyonun; çevresel, mimari ve teknik yönden, güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini ortaya koyarak, fırsatları ve tehditleri analiz edilerek tanımlanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda yeniden işlevlendirme önerilerinin sistematik bir değerlendirilmesi yapılmış olup işlevsel öneriler üzerinden seçim ölçütleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; alternatif işlevlerin avantaj ve dezavantajları gerekçeleri ile ortaya konularak, yeniden işlevlendirmenin tarihi değeri kaybolmuş yapının varlığını sürdürmesi için doğru bir karar olmakla birlikte, yapının mimari özgünlüğünün de bozulmaması gerektiği unutulmamalıdır.
PENGARUH DER DAN RISIKO SISTEMATIS TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PERUSAHAAN FARMASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Mufid Muhammad Nur
Published: June 2020

Abstrak            Riset ini merupakan penelitian empiris terhadap factor yang mempengaruhi return saham. Objek penelitian ini adalah perusahaan farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dengan periode laporan keuangan tahun 2014-20017. Return saham dihitung dari persentase perubahan harga saham penutupan setiap akhir tahun. Faktor yang diduga mempengaruhi return saham pada penelitian ini adalah rasio hutang (debt to equity ratio) dan tingkat risiko yang diukur dengan beta saham berdasarkan teori capital assest pricing model (CAPM). Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik purposive sampling dimana jumlah sampel yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah 8 sampel. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Metode pengujian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis regresi berganda dengan program SPSS dan uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa rasio hutang (DER) tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap return saham , sedangkan risiko sistematis (BETA) memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham.Kata kunci: return saham, debt to equity ratio, risiko sistematis Abstract               This research is an empirical study of the factors that influence stock returns. The object of this research is companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with the financial reporting period of 2014-20017. Returns shares of high-price securities at the end of each year. The factors that influence returns are the debt to equity ratio and the level that uses the capital capital price model (CAPM). The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique where the number of samples obtained in this study were 8 samples. The data used in this research is secondary data. The method used in this study is the method of multiple regression analysis with the SPSS program and the classic assumption test. The results showed that the debt ratio (DER) had no effect on stock returns, while systematic risk (BETA) had a significant effect on stock returns. Keywords: stock returns, debt to equity ratio, systematic risk
Distância e desejo nas fotografias de Alvin Baltrop e Miguel Ángel Rojas
Authors: Ferraz Vidal Junior Icaro
Published: June 2020

O artigo propõe algumas reflexões acerca do erotismo, a partir do conceito de Georges Bataille (1987) e de fotografias produzidas ao longo da década de 1970 por Alvin Baltrop (1948-2004) em Nova York e por Miguel Ángel Rojas (1946-) em Bogotá. Ambos os artistas registraram encontros casuais entre homens gays e/ou bissexuais em espaços urbanos caracterizados pela prática de cruising. Suas poéticas, a partir das diferentes distâncias que instauram e da inscrição, mais ou menos evidente, da medialidade fotográfica nas imagens, não somente ajudam a vislumbrar as articulações entre o estético e o erótico, mas apontam para uma sublimação do erotismo subjacente ao distanciamento analítico, formulado e defendido em diversos âmbitos da cultura ocidental moderna.
Triangulação Metodológica:
Authors: Bueno Thaísa , Alves Marcelli
Published: June 2020

A proposta deste artigo é apresentar uma revisão teórica sobre a pesquisa de métodos mistos, com o objetivo de lançar luz para o modelo e, possivelmente, instigar sua prática. Autores como Niglas (2004), Bryman (2006), Wooley (2008), Paranhos et al (2016), entre outros, destacam que a triangulação metodológica é um desejo de pesquisadores nas áreas das humanidades e ciências sociais, embora ainda exista muita dificuldade na sua aplicação. Neste sentido, este artigo tenta reunir determinados conceitos e particularidades deste método, a partir de autores que têm se dedicado a esmiuçar a triangulação como um tipo de pesquisa que vai além de puramente incluir etapas variadas de levantamento de dados na investigação: Teddlie, Tashakkori (2006), Small (2011) Oliveira (2015), Creswell (2014), entre outros.  A proposta é compilar conceitos e modos de aplicação para servir a um estudo introdutório ao tema.
(Des)Aventuras do Índice nas Teorias da Fotografia
Authors: Picado José Benjamim
Published: June 2020

O artigo explora aspectos da incorporação da categoria semiótica do “índice” nas teorias clássicas da fotografia, no modo como sua aplicação parece ferir a ortodoxia de sua adoção, no sistema filosófico de Charles S. Peirce: reduzida aos modos de significação que implicam uma relação contiguidade factual entre signos e realidade, sua incorporação às teorias da fotografia resultou em uma espécie de álibi conceitual para estatuir a exclusividade da fotografia na “família das imagens”. Em resposta, pretendemos restituir a questão da indexicalidade ao alcance mais extenso das categorias semióticas em Peirce, assim como aos princípios que regulam sua dependência com respeito a outras categorias, no sistema lógico de sua composição nas teorias peirceanas – não deixando de examinar os modos como tudo isto repercute na aplicação desta categoria às teorias da fotografia.
ORAL HISTORY AS A METHOD OF PRESERVATION MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (SOME OF THE RESULTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL PROJECT)
Authors: ANUFRIEVA Evgeniya V. , DULINA Nadezhda V. , ZHARKYNBAYEVA Roza S.
Published: June 2020

The article reviews some of the results of the international project "Front / rear: gender aspects of the Second world / great Patriotic war in the history of Kazakhstan and Russia", implemented by historians and sociologists in Kazakhstan and Russia from 2018 to the present. The article shows the possibilities of applying the gender approach and the method of oral history to study the events of the great Patriotic war. Attention is drawn to such forms of work as interviewing contemporaries of the great Patriotic war in Kazakhstan and Russia, cooperation with public and scientific organizations, as well as interest in the project materials at the international level.
GPIC: Quantifying Group Performance in Individual Competitions
Authors: Pham Duy Nghia
Published: June 2020

In competitions whose prizes are only awarded to individuals, comparing the performance of groups of participants could be problematic. The probability-based GPIC index quantifies group performance considering both the quantity and quality of prizes received.
EFFECT OF SOIL SAPROTROPHIC FUNGI CHAETOMIUM СOCHLIODES PALLISER ON THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY OF BUCKWHEAT
Authors: Kyslynska A.S.
Published: June 2020

The effect of soil saprotrophic fungi Chaetomium cochliodes Palliser 3250 on buckwheatphotosynthetic activity has been studied. It was established that pre-sowing treatment of buckwheatseeds with the mold promotes the acceleration of the formation of the plants leaf surface and theprolongation of the duration of the active functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus. An increasein the content of chlorophylls (a + b) in the buckwheat leaves during the flowering and ripeningphases has also been noted. Three-year field studies showed a significant increase in buckwheatyield (22.0%) under the action of fungal symbiont.
骨折合并糖尿病老年手术患者的护理干预对并发症的影响
Authors: 郑 娜丽
Published: June 2020

目的：评价分析护理干预对骨折合并糖尿病老年手术患者的并发症影响。方法:对照组采用常规护理法，观察组进行护理干预，观察比较两组的血糖变化以及并发症的发生率。结果：观察组的护理满意度为 97.14%，比对照组的 70%高，干预前血糖水平差异在统计学上无意义（P＞0.05），干预后观察组的空腹血糖水平和餐后 2h 血糖水平分别为 （5.6依0.7）mg/dL、（6.5依1.6）mg/dL，比对照组的（7.3依0.9）mg/dL、（8.2依1.6）mg/dL 低，两组的血糖波动为（3.2依0.8）mg/dL 和（5.1依1.2）mg/dL，观察组的术后血糖波动范围明显低于对照组，观察组的并发症发生率为 5.71%，比对照组的 28.57%低，差异比较在统计学上具有意义（P＜0.05）。结论：与常规护理比较起来，护理干预可以降低骨折合并糖尿病老年手术患者的并发症发生率和血糖水平，值得临床推广应用。
老年心血管内科护理管理风险及其防范
Authors: 张 茜
Published: June 2020

目的：分析心血管内科老年患者的护理风险及其防范措施。方法：从我院心血管内科 2018 年 9 月到 2019 年 7 月收治的老年患者中选取 80 例患者作为研究对象，对比患者实施护理风险管理前后的穿刺并发症、意外事件、操作不规范和护理纠纷发生率。结果：通过实施护理风险管理，患者的穿刺并发症、意外事件、操作不规范和护理纠纷发生率显著下降。结论：医护人员针对心血管内科老年患者进行护理风险管理，有利于患者早日康复，降低了护理风险。
血浆 EGFR 基因检测在肺腺癌中的应用及与预后相关性的初步探讨
Authors: 郑 晓娟 , 鄢 丽敏 , 赵 猛 , 冯 丽萍 , 张 志勇
Published: June 2020

目的：分析血浆检测肺腺癌患者表皮生长因子受体 （epidermal growth factorreceptor，EGFR）基因突变的精确性以及监测耐药基因 T790M 的变化情况，探讨肺腺癌患者EGFR 基因突变情况和预后的相关性。方法：收集 2016 年 1 月至 2017 年 11 月于唐山市工人医院接受表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂 （epidermal growthfactor receptor-tyrosinekinaseinhibitor，EGFR-TKI）治疗的肺腺癌患者 59 例，观察肺腺癌患者血浆 EGFR 的基因突变情况。结果：血浆中可以高频率检测到 T790M 突变，并且 T790M 突变患者的无进展生存期较短，预后较差。结论：继发性 T790M 突变患者比未突变患者 PFS 短，T790M 突变可能导致 PFS 缩短。
针刺与 TDP 理疗结合拔罐治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床应用效果观察
Authors: 王 少河
Published: June 2020

目的：探究在慢性盆腔炎疾病治疗中采取针刺与 TDP 理疗结合拔罐治疗的效果。方法：选取 2018 年 12 月到 2019 年 11 月我院收治的 100 例慢性盆腔炎患者作为研究对象，采取随机分组的方法分为对照组（50 例）和观察组（50 例），分别使用常规微波照射治疗以及针刺与 TDP 理疗结合拔罐治疗，对比两组患者的治疗效果。结果：观察组患者治疗的效率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：针刺与 TDP 理疗结合拔罐治疗可以极大地提高治疗效果。
讨论风险管理模式在心内科护理管理中的应用效果
Authors: 王 婷婷
Published: June 2020

目的：讨论风险管理模式在心内科护理管理中的应用效果。方法：将半年内心内科收治的 50 例患者随机分成两组，即常规管理组和风险管理组，每组 25 例患者。比较两组患者护理风险事件的发生率和对护理工作的评分。结果：风险管理组患者的护理风险事件的发生率为 4%，相对常规管理组的 20%较低，且对于护理工作的评分也较高。结论：风险管理模式在心内科护理管理中的应用效果较好。
中西医结合护理干预对糖尿病患者血糖控制效果的影响
Authors: 郑 珍珍
Published: June 2020

在进行护理干预之后，观察组当中的患者在生活方式及血糖控制方面和对照组相比明显比较好（P＜0.05），相应的满意程度、住院的具体时间及费用等都存在差异，具备统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：采用中西医结合的护理干预可以非常有效地对糖尿病患者的血糖进行控制，更好地促进了患者的康复。
Effects of Feature Selection and Normalization on Network Intrusion Detection
Authors: Umar Mubarak Albarka , Chen Zhanfang , Shuaib Khaled , Liu Yan
Published: June 2020

The rapid rise of cyberattacks and the gradual failing of traditional
defense systems and approaches led to the use of Machine Learning (ML)
techniques aiming to build more efficient and reliable Intrusion
Detection Systems (IDSs). However, the advent of larger IDS datasets
brought about negative impacts on the performance and computational time
of ML-based IDSs. To overcome such issues, many researchers utilized
data preprocessing techniques such as feature selection and
normalization. While most of these researchers reported the success of
these preprocessing techniques on a shallow level, very few studies are
performed on their effects on a wider scale. Furthermore, the
performance of an IDS model is subject to not only the preprocessing
techniques used but also the dataset and the ML algorithm used, which
most of the existing studies on preprocessing techniques give little
emphasis on. Thus, this study provides an in-depth analysis of the
effects of feature selection and normalization on various IDS models
built using four separate IDS datasets and five different ML algorithms.
Wrapper-based decision tree and min-max are used in feature selection
and normalization respectively. The models are evaluated and compared
using popular evaluation metrics in IDS. The study found normalization
to be more important than feature selection in improving performance and
computational time of models on both datasets, while feature selection
on UNSW-NB15 failed to reduce models computational time, and in the case
of models built using NSL-KDD, it decreases their performance. The study
also reveals that, compared to the UNSW-NB15 dataset, the NSL-KDD
dataset is less complex and unsuitable for building reliable modern-day
IDS models. Furthermore, the best performance on both datasets is
achieved by Random Forest with accuracy of 99.75% and 98.51% on
NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 respectively.
Level of Learning Assessed through Written Examinations in Social Science Courses in Tertiary Education: A Study from Bangladesh
Authors: Mawa Bentul , Haque M. Mojammel , Haque M. Mojammel , Mozahar Ali M.
Published: June 2020

This paper examines students’ cognitive learning outcomes assessed through semester final written examinations in Social Science Courses intertiary level education. The study used a content analysis method to analyze 125-semester final written exam papers (tests) of 52 courses of B.Sc.Ag Econ. (Hons) degree program of Bangladesh Agricultural University. The study revealed that written exam papers mostly cover ‘remember'and ‘understanding' (18% and 60%) level of learning while ‘apply-analyze-evaluate and create' levels cover only 22 percent. Year-wise change inlower-order learning assessed (remember) showed a slightly decreasing trend while others showed an increasing trend to adjust that change.Level-wise (L1 to L4) increasing trend in order was observed only for ‘understanding' while all others showed no definite change pattern. Thestudy concludes that the assessment occurs mainly at lower order learning, and it does not progress with the level of studies (L1 to L4). Theexisting written exam strategy is not suitable to assess higher-order learning to satisfy ‘critical thinking and decision making' outcome so thatstudents become better equipped for the existing job market and the rapid changing world. The program requires changing its assessmentstrategy to ensure higher-order learning.Journal of Teacher Education and Research (2019). DOI: 10.36268/JTER/1413
A Study on the Effects of Young Aged and Middle Aged Adults on the Usages of Smart Phone
Authors: Kumar Harish , Rathi Shivangi
Published: June 2020

Aims: This paper aims at exploring the purpose and frequency to use their smartphones and to see their reactions about the importance ofusing a smartphone.Method: Survey technique was applied to collect the data. A sample of 100 young aged adults and 100 middle-aged adults from Delhi andDelhi NCR region was selected to study the habit pattern of the mobile phone users.Findings: The study revealed that there is a big difference in the usage of the smartphone by young aged adults and middle-aged adults.Young aged adults use their smartphone mainly to browse over the internet, using online applications and to entertain themselves for morethan 5 hours of a day. On the other hand, middle-aged adults use their smartphone mainly to contact with the people and use watts app for2–3 hours of the day. It was found that most of the positives sides like tech-friendly, socializing, getting information from the internet, etc. andnegatives like bad effect on the health, misuse of personal information through hacking by using a smartphone is affecting young aged adultsbut middle-aged adults are less affected by smart phone’s positives and negatives also.Keywords: Information and communication technology, Middle-aged adults, Young-aged adults.Journal of Teacher Education and Research (2019). DOI: 10.36268/JTER/1414
Exploring the Association Between Design of Training and
Trainer Demographics
Authors: Bamrara Atul , Kathait Jagmohan S.
Published: June 2020

Trainings are the basic component of job enrichment and effective trainings program can surely result in improved output at workplace. The
present study is an attempt to highlight the design and development process of the training programs run by District Institute of Education and
Training to improve the learning level of elementary level teachers in various districts of Uttarakhand. The respondents have been surveyed to
express their views on five levels of ADDIE Model. Further, an association has been explored between the demographics of trainers and design
and development process of the training programs.
PROBIOTICS, PSYCHOBIOTICS, AND METABIOTICS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Oleskin Alexander , Shenderov Shenderov
Published: June 2020

A large number of recent works deal with the microbiota of the human organism. Of paramount importance is the microbiota of the gut, especially of its densely populated distal part the colon. In the literature, the gut is considered the largest digestive, immune, and endocrine organ. The functioning of the microbiota involves the production of numerous low molecular weight compounds that represent biochemical effectors, co-factors, or signals. An important role is performed by neurochemicals. In order to ameliorate the human organisms microbial ecology, various drug preparations, biologically active additives, and functional food products are used. Currently popular preparations include selected strains of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, bacilli, and other live microorganisms (probiotics) and biologically active substances (metabiotics) that result from the metabolic activities of symbiotic microorganisms. Probiotics include a subgroup denoted as psychobiotics that, when applied in adequate amounts, ameliorate the health of patients with psychiatric problems.
Application of pulse magnetotherapy in integrated treatment of patients with gonartrosis
Authors: Gerasimenko Marina Yu. Gerasimenko
Published: June 2020

Arthrosis is the most common joint disease in adults worldwide. Its incidence increases with age. In this study, the effectiveness of complex treatment was studied in 50 patients with an established diagnosis of stage I - III knee osteoarthrosis. All patients are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Running along a pulsed magnetic field in the area of ​​the affected joint. The obtained clinical effects indicate the advisability of including magnetotherapy procedures in the treatment complex.
Glycemic variability in patients with diabetes mellitus and different stages of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Volkova A. R. , Mozgunova V. S. , Chernaya M. E. , Sobenin A. O. , Lagoyko V. M. , Lukichev B. G.
Published: June 2020

The relevance of the study of glycemic variability in patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy is due to disability of the able-bodied population and high mortality against the background of the almost irreversible progression of diabetic nephropathy. The article highlights modern ideas about the influence of various factors on the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy and its course. The article is devoted to a review of current recommendations on diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy; the etiopathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy was described in detail. The role of the kidneys in glucose homeostasis, renal gluconeogenesis, and glucose reabsorption by the kidneys in healthy and in pathology is described. Detailed expositions of glycemic variability parameters, their changes in patients with diabetes mellitus depending on the stage of diabetic kidney damage are presented. The role of the kidneys in maintaining energy homeostasis, impaired glucose homeostasis in conditions of chronic kidney disease is described. We analyzed different options for insulin therapy, their advantages, and disadvantages in patients with diabetes mellitus with diabetic nephropathy. The presented material is extremely relevant for the development and implementation in the clinical practice of glycemic control methods to optimize treatment tactics, prevent the formation of microvascular complications, and early disability of patients with diabetes mellitus.
Apelin/APJ signal system and glomerular filtration rate in various variants of bronchial asthma
Authors: Mineev V. N. , Kuzmina A. A. , Lalaeva T. M.
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION. We have previously postulated the similarity of molecular pathogenetic mechanisms in bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Understanding these mechanisms in such a comorbidity pathology is of interest to the clinicians. In recent years, the attention of BA pathogenesis researchers has attracted low-investigated adipokine – apelin. On the other hand, apelin is considered as a renoprotective adipokine that can prevent the progression of CKD. THE AIM of the study is to identify the relationship between apelin/APJ signaling system and glomerular filtration rate in different BA variants. PATIENTS AND METHODS. The 12 of practically healthy persons and 36 bronchial asthma patients were examined. Levels of apelin-12, apelin-36, and APJ receptor of apelines on peripheral blood lymphocytes were determined, as well as levels of TNF-α, IL-6 IL-4 by immunoenzyme method according to standard protocol. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by CKD-EPI was calculated. RESULTS. With the help of factor analysis, it was revealed that the glomerular filtration rate in bronchial asthma is associated with the level of apelin-36. A high level of glomerular filtration rate corresponds to a high level of apelin-36. In bronchial asthma, the negative association of pro-inflammatory adipokines TNF-α and IL-6 with the glomerular filtration rate was revealed. On the other hand, the IL-4 was found to be directly related to the glomerular filtration rate according to the factorial analysis. CONCLUSION. The obtained data suggest a possible renoprotective effect of apelin-36 in bronchial asthma.
Indicators of neurodynamics and attention in patients with the end stage kidney disease. Influence of hemodialysis procedures
Authors: Smakotina S. A. , Bohanov Y. A. , Fomina N. V.
Published: June 2020

THE AIM. Compare cognitive performance in patients with CKD not receiving HD and patients on HD. PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study included patients of young and middle age (from 18 to 60 years) (n = 40) who have stage 5 of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 40 patients on hemodialysis of comparable age (from 18 to 58 years) who make up the comparison group. The exclusion criteria for both groups were: a history of diseases of the central nervous system; brain injury; episodes of cerebral circulation of varying severity; coronary heart disease; chronic heart failure; pregnancy; alcohol abuse; refusal to participate in the study. Cognitive impairments were assessed using the Status PF software package. RESULTS. All patients were examined with software package Status PF. They demonstrated light cognitive dysfunctions in neurodynamics, memory, and attention indices. The differences in indices were statistically significant with the experimental group. CONCLUSION. In patients of young and middle age with 5 stages of CKD, the use of modern software complex Status PF allows us to diagnose mild cognitive impairment. After dialysis, patients showed greater response time and psychomotor slowdown. The average exposure level of SHER in the group without HD was 359.4 ± 48.84 msec, in the group of HD – 381.1 ± 63.34 msec (p = 0.04). The average exposure to CHER in patients before the procedure was 515.57 ± 83.89 ms, after HD, this figure was lower – 498.87 ± 80.8 (p = 0.036).
Assessment of the quality of life of patients on hemodialysis: focus on the northern region
Authors: Vishnyak D. A. , Malashenko S. M.
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION. The registration of late-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased significantly worldwide in recent years. At the same time, the quality of life of patients has become important. AIM: to determine the features of the quality of life of patients on hemodialysis program, living in the North (on the example of the city of Surgut). PATIENTS AND METHODS. The annual prospective study included 64 patients aged 33 to 68 years treated with hemodialysis for at least 3 months. The quality of life was determined using the Sydney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SF) questionnaire. RESULTS. Patients on hemodialysis also have low rates of renal-specific scales, as well as additional scales: “General perception of health”. A sharp decrease in the quality of life in patients with dialysis experience of up to 1 year and more than 10 years was revealed. Clusters of the leading scales of the KDQOL-SF questionnaire, determining the quality of life of patients on hemodialysis in Surgut, were identified.  CONCLUSION. In patients with programmed hemodialysis, living in the Northern latitudes, there is a comparable with the General data decrease in the General quality of life. In patients of all groups, regardless of gender, age and dialysis experience, the decline in quality of life is mainly due to the physical component. The high level of «Support for dialysis staff» and «Feeling of social support» in patients of Surgut, regardless of the length of dialysis therapy, were determined by the level of economic development of the region.
Clinical and functional peculiarities at patients with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and overlap of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Trofimov V. I. , Baranov D. Z.
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: a comparative analysis of laboratory and instrumental tests at patients with bronchial obstructive diseases seems very actual due to the wide prevalence of these diseases. THE AIM: to evaluate characteristics of spirometry as well as allergic (total IgE, sputum eosinophils) and infectious (blood and sputum leucocytes, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen) inflammation markers at patients with bronchial obstructive diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 104 case histories of patients with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and overlap were analyzed including age, duration of smoking (pack-years), laboratory (clinical blood test, biochemical blood test, general sputum analysis, sputum culture) and instrumental (spirometry, body plethysmography, echocardiography) tests. Data were processed statistically with non-parametric methods. RESULTS: COPD patients were older than other groups’ patients, had the highest pack-years index. ACO patients were marked with maximal TLC and Raw, minimal FEV1, FEF25-75, FEV1/FVC. Patients with COPD had the highest inflammation markers (leucocyte count, CRP, fibrinogen). CONCLUSION: high active inflammation may cause severe lower airways possibility disorders at patients with COPD. Data related to a possible role of K. pneumoniaе in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic inflammation in lower airways are of significant interest. Patients with ACO occupy an intermediate position between asthma and COPD patients based on clinical and functional features.
Modern pharmacological approaches to primary treatment nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Zverev Ya. F. , Rykunova A. Ya.
Published: June 2020

The review is devoted to the consideration of the most common drugs currently used in the treatment of primary nephrotic syndrome. Mechanisms of pharmacological activity of glucocorticosteroids, ACTH, calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine A and tacrolimus, alkylating compounds cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil, mycophenolate mofetil, levamisole, abatacept, rituximab and a number of other recently created monoclonal antibodies. An attempt is made to separate the immune and non-immune mechanisms of action of the most common drugs, concerning both the impact on the immunogenetics of the noted diseases and the direct impact on the podocytes that provide permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier and the development of proteinuria. It is shown that the immune mechanisms of corticosteroids are caused by interaction with glucocorticoid receptors of lymphocytes, and nonimmune – with stimulation of the same receptors in podocytes. It was found that the activation of adrenocorticotropic hormone melanocortin receptors contributes to the beneficial effect of the drug in nephrotic syndrome. It is discussed that the immune mechanism of calcineurin inhibitors is provided by the suppression of tissue and humoral immunity, and the non-immune mechanism is largely due to the preservation of the activity of podocyte proteins such as synaptopodin and cofilin. Evidence is presented to show that the beneficial effect of rituximab in glomerulopathies is related to the interaction of the drug with the protein SMPDL-3b in lymphocytes and podocytes. The mechanisms of action of mycophenolate mofetil, inhibiting the activity of the enzyme inosine 5-monophosphate dehydrogenase, which causes the suppression of the synthesis of guanosine nucleotides in both lymphocytes and glomerular mesangium cells, are considered. It is emphasized that the effect of levamisole in nephrotic syndrome is probably associated with the normalization of the ratio of cytokines produced by various T-helpers, as well as with an increase in the expression and activity of glucocorticoid receptors. The mechanisms of pharmacological activity of a number of monoclonal antibodies, as well as galactose, the beneficial effect of which may be provided by binding to the supposed permeability factor produced by lymphocytes, are considered.
Sátira e alienação na construção do narrador não confiável em Goethe e Machado de Assis
Authors: Corrêa Ana Laura Dos Reis
Published: June 2020

A partir da leitura de Os sofrimentos do jovem Werther, com base nos artigos de György Lukács e Miguel Vedda sobre esse romance de Goethe, e considerando o conjunto da obra de maturidade de Machado de Assis, quando o narrador assume a condução da narrativa guiando-a no ritmo frívolo e volúvel do capricho de classe, pretende-se investigar, neste texto, de que maneira a composição satírica de um narrador não confiável estabelece conexões entre esses dois escritores que deram forma sensível à alienação de uma “consciência infeliz”.
Comparative Analysis of Linear and Nonlinear Control of Wave Energy Converter for a Force Control Application
Authors: Parwal Arvind , Fregelius Martin , Almeida Pedro , Svensson Olle , Temiz Irina , Oliveira Janaina G. , Boström Cecilia , Leijon Mats
Published: June 2020

The aim of wave energy converters (WECs) is to harvest the energy from the ocean waves and convert into electricity. Optimizing the generator output is a vital point of research. A WEC behaves as a nonlinear system in real ocean waves and a control that approximates the behaviour of the system is required. In order to predict the behaviour of WEC, a controller is implemented with an aim to track the referenced trajectory for a force control application of the WEC. A neural model is implemented for the system identification and control of the nonlinear process with a neural nonlinear autoregressive moving average exogenous (NARMAX) model. The neural model updates the weights to reduce the error by using the Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation algorithm for a single-input-single-output (SISO) nonlinear system. The performance of the system under the proposed scheme is compared to the same system under a PI-controller scheme, where the PI gains have been tuned accordingly, to verify the control capacity of the proposed controller. The results show a good tracking of dq (direct-quadrature) axes currents by regulating the stator currents, and hence a force control is achieved at different positions of the translator. The dynamic performance of the control is verified in a time domain analysis for the displacement of the translator.
IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA ACADEMIA DA SAÚDE NO SEMIÁRIDO BRASILEIRO: LIMITES E DESAFIOS PARA A GESTÃO
Authors: De Alcântara Patrícia Pereira Tavares , Carmo Taciane Raquel Gomes do , Torres Geanne Maria Costa , Figueiredo Inês Dolores Teles , Cândido José Auricélio Bernardo , Pinto Antonio Germane Alves
Published: June 2020

Este estudo objetivou analisar os limites e os desafios vivenciados pelos gestores na implantação do Programa Academia da Saúde (PAS), na Macrorregião Cariri, no semiárido brasileiro, no Estado do Ceará. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, cuja amostra é composta por 28 municípios da Macrorregional de Saúde Cariri, realizado no período de outubro de 2015 a agosto de 2016. A coleta de dados ocorreu com a aplicação de um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas, submetidas a Análise de Conteúdo temática. Pelos resultados, emergiram duas categorias temáticas: Facilidades na implantação dos polos do PAS e Dificuldades na implantação dos polos do PAS. Percebe-se o caráter potencializador do dispositivo do cuidado integral, tanto de forma individualizada quanto coletiva, tendo como foco a promoção da saúde. No entanto, verifica-se o déficit no investimento em recursos financeiros, humanos e materiais como um fator dificultador. Conclui-se que entraves operacionais nos processos deliberatórios regimentais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e, ainda, a frágil participação social, surgem como limitadores da expansão do dispositivo.
NECESSIDADES DE CONFORTO DE TRANSPLANTADOS CARDÍACOS
Authors: Barros Lia Bezerra Furtado , Farias Maria Sinara , Teixeira Anne Kayline Soares , Silva Lúcia De Fátima da
Published: June 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as necessidades de conforto, com base na Teoria do Conforto de Katharine Kolcaba, considerando os contextos físico, sociocultural, ambiental e psicoespiritual em transplantados cardíacos. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado com 33 transplantados em acompanhamento no ambulatório da unidade de transplante e insuficiência cardíaca de um hospital de referência em cardiologia em Fortaleza-CE, em abril e maio de 2015. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Quanto às necessidades de conforto, foram identificadas as seguintes temáticas: a) ansiedade relacionada à atual condição de saúde e seus riscos; b) dificuldades na adaptação ao novo estilo de vida; c) alteração do autoconceito após o transplante cardíaco; e d) alterações na dinâmica familiar e nas relações sociais. Os transplantados cardíacos passam por esforço adaptativo para enfrentar as inúmeras mudanças que sua nova condição de saúde requer. E, ao lidar com esse esforço, seu estado de conforto físico, sociocultural, ambiental e psicoespiritual pode ser diretamente afetado.
PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NA ÁREA DA SAÚDE SOBRE SÍFILIS GESTACIONAL: REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Gomes Natália Da Silva , Prates Lisie Alende , Perez Rhayanna De Vargas , Fialho Camila Xavier , Da Silva Mari Luci Chalme , Gonzalez Pâmela Da Rosa
Published: June 2020

Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura da área da saúde sobre sífilis gestacional. A revisão narrativa foi desenvolvida na base de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e na Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), com os descritores “sífilis”, “sorodiagnóstico de sífilis”, “gestantes” e “gravidez”. Dentre os 34 artigos analisados, verificou-se que tratavam de assistência, prevalência, prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento da sífilis gestacional. Os achados permitem identificar um déficit na qualidade da assistência prestada à gestante portadora de sífilis. Identificou-se a importância da adesão ao tratamento e da inserção dos parceiros sexuais nesse seguimento, tendo em vista sua relevância para a prevenção das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST). Ao mesmo tempo, esta revisão permitiu apontar um caminho para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas e ações assistenciais direcionadas à prevenção da sífilis no período gestacional.