bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suggest Recommendation for Library Users Using Graphs
Authors: Crișan Gheorghe-Cătălin
Published: March 2020

The aim of this paper is to prove the usefulness of graphs in solving an ever-present problem for library users: finding books they like and they are looking for. Graphs are known as an important tool in solving conditioned optimization problems. We propose a graph-based system of recommendation which can be easy used in a library for assisting and helping users in finding in real time the books they like. The main advantage of the proposed graph-based approach lies in the ease with which new data or even new entities from different sources are added to the graph without disturbing the entire system. The system uses the similarity scores in order to find the similarity between objects and to get the best recommendation for a user’s request. In the end, we will compare the results from used formulas..
Understanding Romanian Texts by Using Gamification Methods
Authors: Berghia Ștefania-Eliza , Pahomi Bogdan , Volovici Daniel
Published: March 2020

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the field of natural language processing. Determining which syntactic function is right for a specific word is an important task in this field, being useful for a variety of applications like understanding texts, automatic translation and question-answering applications and even in e-learning systems. In the Romanian language, this is an even harder task because of the complexity of the grammar. The present paper falls within the field of “Natural Language Processing”, but it also blends with other concepts such as “Gamification”, “Social Choice Theory” and “Wisdom of the Crowd”. There are two main purposes for developing the application in this paper:

a) For students to have at their disposal some support through which they can deepen their knowledge about the syntactic functions of the parts of speech, a knowledge that they have accumulated during the teaching hours at school

b) For collecting data about how the students make their choices, how do they know which grammar role is correct for a specific word, these data being primordial for replicating the learning process
The productivity growth slowdown in advanced economies: causes and policy recommendations
Authors: Wroński Marcin
Published: March 2020

The growth of total factor productivity (TFP) in advanced economies has slowed significantly after the 1970s. The global financial crisis (GFC) has resulted in the second productivity growth slowdown. This paper, on the basis of a broad literature review, identifies the structural forces and legacies of the financial crisis, explaining the productivity growth slowdown and providing possible policy solutions. The mismeasurement hypothesis is also discussed. The slowing pace of innovations, population aging, slowing human capital accumulation, limits of structural transformation, capital misallocation, and firm-level factors are identified as structural forces slowing TFP growth. Lack of capital deepening, financial frictions, and slowdown of international trade are the most important legacies of GFC affecting productivity growth.
Sharing economy and the city
Authors: Rutkowska-Gurak Anna , Adamska Agata
Published: March 2020

Sharing economy is a very broad term, covering various areas and forms of human activity. It includes activities of individuals, social groups, and enterprises, as well as local and state authorities, which aim to enable, facilitate, or even organize the sharing of resources. Sharing economy has an increasing importance and is accompanied by large-scale changes of revolutionary character embodied in innovative thinking. In this paper, a multidimensional assessment of the sharing economy from the perspective of various groups of stakeholders is undertaken. In order to analyze this phenomenon in more depth, the analyzed field of sharing economy has been narrowed subjectively (to the sphere of operations of for-profit corporations from this sector) and territorially (to the area of cities, as special places attracting sharing economy start-ups). The analysis has found that although the idea of sharing creates new opportunities, it also causes new challenges for cities’ functioning and development, especially when considering the influence of large sharing economy companies on other stakeholders. The findings also show that not only does sharing economy have an uneven impact on the functioning of different cities but it also has heterogeneous consequences for different groups of stakeholders in the same city.
From better schools to better nourishment: evidence from a school-building program in India
Authors: Chatterjee Somdeep
Published: March 2020

This is a short paper analyzing the potential effects of a targeted school-building program on health indicators. The Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV) program in India intended to build residential schools for girls from historically disadvantaged sections of the society, providing a unique multifaceted policy setting with tenets of gender equality, affirmative action, and infrastructure reform in education. Exploiting the potentially exogenous cross-sectional variations generated by the institutional features of implementation of this intervention, I run triple-difference regressions to find that the program led to increases in body mass index (BMI) among the underweight. There seems to be a positive correlation between KGBV exposure and probability of being in the “healthy” band of BMI indicators.
A New Auto Adaptive Fuzzy Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Dziwiński Piotr , Bartczuk Łukasz , Paszkowski Józef
Published: March 2020

The social learning mechanism used in the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm allows this method to converge quickly. However, it can lead to catching the swarm in the local optimum. The solution to this issue may be the use of genetic operators whose random nature allows them to leave this point. The degree of use of these operators can be controlled using a neuro-fuzzy system. Previous studies have shown that the form of fuzzy rules should be adapted to the fitness landscape of the problem. This may suggest that in the case of complex optimization problems, the use of different systems at different stages of the algorithm will allow to achieve better results. In this paper, we introduce an auto adaptation mechanism that allows to change the form of fuzzy rules when solving the optimization problem. The proposed mechanism has been tested on benchmark functions widely adapted in the literature. The results verify the effectiveness and efficiency of this solution.
Scoring Model in Operational Research on Cultural-Tourism: A Case Study in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
Authors: Ramamoorty Thavamalar , Abdullah Noraini , Zenian Suzelawati
Published: March 2020

The predominant culture of Sabah consists of a motley of cultures, each of which has been brought in by the different ethnic groups from their indigenous cultures. The total population of Sabah consists of more than thirty different ethnicities and races, and the number of languages and dialects go over eighty. Hence the cultural tourism in Sabah would have varied criteria that can be looked into. The aim of this paper is to use the scoring model in operational research to rank these decision criteria according to highest scores. The preferability of tourist visiting these hot spots is done by ranking their preferability based on a weightage. Highly scored attraction factors would attract more tourists to visit cultural spots in Kota Kinabalu. Therefore, these would help operational managers in the tourism industry to focus on promoting and marketing this sector.
The Logic and Normative Force of Dual-Character Generics: Towards a Theoretical Model for the Study of Normatively Shifted Predications
Authors: Kowalewska-Buraczewska Aleksandra
Published: March 2020

This paper investigates the relationship between generic statements and the expression, transmission and persistence of social norms. The author presents the concept of normativity and its importance in the decision-making process in the context of social reality and social norms that comprise it (Bicchieri, 2006, 2016; Bicchieri et al., 2018). The paper analyses the idea of “what is normal” (Haslanger, 2014) to show how social norms are triggered by particular generic constructions relating to “social kinds”, represented by noun phrases denoting “dual character concepts” (Knobe et al., 2013; Prasada et al., 2013; Leslie, 2015). DCCs are shown as effectively serving their persuasive and explanatory function due to their polysemous nature (Leslie, 2015) rather than to different pragmatics (Leslie, forthcoming). Special focus is placed on gender terms as particularly salient social kinds; this salience can be explained by a culturally pivotal role of social constructs of manhood and womanhood and by linguistic potential of generics in the development of social beliefs and legitimizing norm-driven behaviours.
Inconsistencies in Temporal Metaphors: Is Time a Phenomenon of the Third Kind?
Authors: Waliński Jacek Tadeusz
Published: March 2020

This paper discusses the problem of inconsistencies in the metaphorical conceptualizations of time that involve motion within the framework of conceptual metaphor theory (CMT). It demonstrates that the TIME AS A PURSUER metaphor contrasts with the reverse variant TIME AS AN OBJECT OF PURSUIT, just as the MOVING TIME metaphor contrasts with the MOVING OBSERVER variant. Such metaphorical conceptualizations of time functioning as pairs of minimally differing variants based on Figure-Ground reversal are, strictly speaking, inconsistent with one another. Looking at these inconsistencies from a wider perspective suggests that time may belong to a separate category of conceptual phenomena. This paper puts forward a proposal to approach time from the perspective of “phenomena of the third kind”, which according to Keller’s thesis include conceptual establishments resulting from human cognition, but not of human design.
ACORDOS REGIONAIS DE LIVRE COMÉRCIO E O MERCADO DE ARROZ NO BRASIL
Authors: Alvim Augusto M. , Waquil Paulo D.
Published: March 2020

Este estudo identifica os efeitos dos novos acordos regionais de livre comérciosobre os produtores de arroz, no Brasil e nas demais regiões relevantes no mercadomundial. Para analisar os efeitos dos acordos comerciais, como, por exemplo, da ALCA,do MERCOSUL-UE e do MERCOSUL-CAN, desenvolve-se um modelo de alocaçãoespacial e temporal utilizando-se um Problema de Complementaridade Mista (PCM).Em termos gerais, os maiores ganhos para os produtores brasileiros de arroz ocorreramcom o acordo MERCOSUL-UE, quando a produção brasileira foi estimulada peloredirecionamento das exportações argentinas e uruguaias para a UE. No entanto, emvirtude das dificuldades nas negociações de livre comércio junto à UE, a segunda melhoropção, MERCOSUL-CAN, apresentou-se como alternativa de ganhos intermediários,mas com maior facilidade de implementação.
ASPECTOS INSTITUCIONAIS E ORGANIZACIONAIS DA AGROINDÚSTRIA DE DOCES DE PÊSSEGO DE PELOTAS – RS.
Authors: M. Begnis Heron S. , Zerbielli Jerusa
Published: March 2020

A produção de doces de frutas é uma tradicional atividade do agronegóciogaúcho e, especialmente, do município de Pelotas. Contudo, a abertura comercial brasileira,que se processou no início dos anos noventa, influenciou negativamente estesegmento, especialmente no que se refere ao pêssego. Houve, portanto, modificação noambiente macroeconômico, o que desencadeou a necessidade de reavaliação das transaçõesentre os agentes envolvidos no agronegócio de doces de pêssego de Pelotas, pois,mais que um problema tecnológico, a capacidade de organização de um sistemaagroindustrial envolve os arranjos contratuais que nele se estabelecem. Por sua vez,essas relações contratuais que acabam por influenciar a eficiência alocativa do sistemadependem não só das características dos ativos envolvidos e do comportamento dosagentes, mas também dos ambientes institucional, organizacional e tecnológico. Assim,o objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar esses ambientes e identificar a presença de custosde transação nas relações contratuais estabelecidas no agronegócio do pêssego de Pelotas.Nesse sentido, a análise situa-se no enfoque da Nova Economia Institucional e naEconomia dos Custos de Transação, que representa uma linha de pesquisa que coloca atransação no centro da análise da eficiência alocativa dos sistemas econômicos.
O BRASIL NA ALCA: AVALIAÇÃO DOS EFEITOS DE DUAS PROPOSTAS DE ADESÃO
Authors: Lirio Viviani Silva , Campos Antônio Carvalho
Published: March 2020

Neste estudo, buscou-se quantificar e avaliar os efeitos da adesão do Brasilà Área de Livre Comércio das Américas (ALCA) sobre indicadores selecionados, tomando-se por base dois cenários analíticos: um que sustenta a adesão individual dospaíses ao acordo, e outro que prevê a adesão em bloco dos países membros do Mercosul.Para isso, foi construído um modelo de equilíbrio geral, nos moldes do MathematicalProgramming System for General Equilibrium - MPSGE, que permitiu, a partir dassimulações realizadas, atingir os objetivos da pesquisa. Os resultados encontradosindicam que, para o Brasil, a adesão em bloco mostra-se mais satisfatória, com efeitossobre renda e consumo bem mais expressivos do que no cenário que prevê a adesãoindividual. Os efeitos sobre o investimento mostraram-se praticamente equivalentes, ea receita governamental foi substancialmente maior no segundo cenário. Assim, osresultados mostram que a opção pela adesão conjunta, fundamento da proposta brasileira,sustenta-se não apenas no discurso da sobrevivência do Mercado Comum do Sul- Mercosul, mas também em perspectivas mais favoráveis à economia nacional.
ANÁLISE DO DESEMPENHO COMPETITIVO DAS AGROINDÚSTRIAS DE POLPA DE FRUTAS DO ESTADO DO PARÁ.
Authors: De Santana Antônio Cordeiro
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho objetivou determinar e analisar os principais indicadores dedesempenho competitivo das agroindústrias de polpa de frutas do arranjo produtivolocal de frutas das mesorregiões metropolitana de Belém e nordeste paraense. O desempenhocompetitivo foi avaliado por meio de indicadores ex-ante e ex-post dos modelosde organização industrial. Os resultados mostraram que as empresas estão operandocom objetivos múltiplos, e a maior parte delas está obtendo significantes indicadores deaumento na capacidade produtiva, margem de lucro, parcela de mercado e emprego. Porfim, conclui-se que as empresas do aglomerado de frutas são competitivas nos mercadoslocal, nacional e internacional do mix de polpa, composto de frutas da Amazônia e dedemais frutas tropicais.
UMA ANÁLISE DA INOVAÇÃO NA AGROINDÚSTRIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Da Conceição Júnia Cristina P. R. , Almeida Mansueto
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho objetivou identificar as características das empresas do setor dealimentos e bebidas, no que se refere às inovações tecnológicas. Do ponto de vista doscondicionantes microeconômicos à inovação, os resultados indicam que o tamanho dafirma, a escolaridade do trabalhador e os esforços em P&D apresentam impacto positivona probabilidade de a firma inovar. Além disso, os resultados encontrados apontampara o fato de que a inovação feita pelas firmas é condição necessária para o atendimentodo mercado consumidor interno, seja no segmento do mercado mais exigente em qualidade,seja no de menor poder aquisitivo. Assim, o consumidor interno acaba por desempenharpapel fundamental na indução de inovações tecnológicas neste setor, pelo menosno período analisado de 1998 a 2000.
Decision Tree Method Using for Fetal State Classification from Cardiotography Data
Authors: Arif Md Zannatul , Ahmed Rahate , Sadia Umma Habiba , Tultul Mst Shanta Islam , Chakma Rocky
Published: March 2020

The motive of the investigation is analyzing the categorization of fetal state code from the Cardiographic data set based on decision tree method. Cardiotocography is one of the important tools for monitoring heart rate, and this technique is widely used worldwide. Cardiotocography is applied for diagnosing pregnancy and checking fetal heart rate state condition until before delivery. This classification is necessary to predict fetal heart rate situation which is belonging. In this paper, we are using three input attributes of training data set quoted by LB, AC, and FM to categorize as normal, suspect or pathological where NSPF variable is used as a response variable. After drawing necessary analysis into three variables we get the 19 nodes of classification tree and also we have measured every single node according to statistic, criterion, weights, and values. The Cardiotocography Dataset applied in this study is received from UCI Machine Learning Repository. The dataset contains 2126 observation instances with 22 attributes. In this experiment, the highest accuracy is 98.7%. Overall, the experimental results proved the viability of Classification and Regression Trees and its potential for further predictions.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Validasi Metode MPM untuk Penentuan Kandungan Antioksidan dalam Sampel Herbal serta Perbandingannya dengan Metode PM, FRAP dan DPPH
Authors: Yefrida Yefrida , Suyani Hamzar , Aziz Hermansyah , Efdi Mai
Published: March 2020

The Modified Phenanthroline Method (MPM) has been validated for determination of antioxidant content in herb samples. Validation was done using Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) and percentage of recovery. The RSD and percentage of recovery for herb samples are 3.13% and 98.6%, respectively. Based on these values, MPM method is valid for determining antioxidant content in herb samples. T test shows no significant differences of antioxidant content using any of these methods, MPM, PM, FRAP or DPPH, at a 95% confidence level. MPM method shows a very strong correlation with PM and FRAP method.Â  While with DPPH and TPC shows is strong.
Adsorpsi Asam Humat pada Zeolit Alam yang Dimodifikasi dengan TiO2
Authors: Septiani Upita , Tasari Fiska Julian , Zilfa Zilfa
Published: March 2020

This research modified natural zeolite with TiO2 synthesized by the sol-gel process which was applied as a humic acid adsorbent. The purpose of this study was to coat natural zeolites with TiO2 to increase the adsorption capacity of natural zeolites as humic acid adsorbents. The natural zeolite powders were obtained from Kabupaten Solok, West Sumatra, based on X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis, the ratio of silica/alumina (Si/Al) was 4.35, indicating that natural zeolite was clinoptilolite zeolite. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed natural zeolite has a rough surface with closed pores while zeolite coated with TiO2 (zeolite/TiO2) has a homogeneous, smooth surface with open pore. The results of the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that the level of TiO2 was 7.1%, this result showed that TiO2 has been coated on the surface of the zeolite. Natural zeolite and zeolite/TiO2 were applied as humic acid adsorbents. Maximum adsorption capacity of natural zeolites and zeolites/TiO2 were 0.2787 mg/g and 1.199 mg/g, respectively.
Kualitas Minyak Blend Kelapa Kopra dan Minyak Kelapa Sawit ditinjau dari Kadar Air, Kadar Asam Lemak Bebas dan Bilangan Peroksida
Authors: Febliza Asyti , Okatariani Oktariani , Putri Aisyah Meisya
Published: March 2020

This research examined the quality of edible oil from Crude Coconut Oil (CCO) and Palm Coconut Oil (PCO) and their blends with CCO : PCO proportional was about 40:60 and 60:40, respectively. The quality of these samples was based on water proportion, free fatty acid (FFA) and peroxide value (PV) contained. This study was conducted to improve the quality of edible oil. SNI 3741-2013 was used as method of this research, which the result compared with the SNI standard for edible oil. Results of this research for water proportion in oil samples PCO, CCO, CCO (40) : PCO (60) and CCO (60):PCOÂ  (40)Â  inÂ  orderÂ  wereÂ  0.000122; 0.010905; 0.001878; 0.030996. The FFA proportions for them were 0.02; 0.01; 0.02; 0.02 and PV values were 7.10; 3.00; 6.10; 5.10, respectively. From this result, we can conclude that all samples had good quality for water proportion and FFA, except for peroxide value (PV) mark which had the higher mark compared to the SNI standard. We also concluded that CCO became the best quality of edible oil compared to others.Â
Risk-Sharing Agreements in Pharmaceutical Markets
Authors: Antoñanzas Fernando , Juárez-Castelló Carmelo , Rodríguez-Ibeas Roberto
Published: March 2020

In this article, we model the relationship between a health authority and a pharmaceutical firm when the real efficacy of the drug manufactured by the firm is uncertain. The ex-ante information on the efficacy of the new drug is provided by the outcomes of a clinical trial. We focus on two types of contracts. On the one hand, the health authority can set a unit price regardless of the ex-post real effectiveness of the drug (traditional contract, i.e. no risk sharing). Alternatively, the health authority can make the payments contingent upon the observed ex-post effectiveness (risksharing contract). The optimal contract depends on the trade-off between the monitoring costs, the marginal production cost and the health cost derived from treatment failure. When the efficacy of the drug in the clinical trial is relatively high, a traditional contract is optimal for relatively low marginal costs. When the efficacy in the clinical trial is relatively low, the health authority always prefers to condition the payments upon the effectiveness outcomes.
Análisis de sectores clave de la economía española a partir de la Matriz de Contabilidad Social de España 2007*
Authors: Cansino Muñoz-Repiso José Manuel , Cardenete Flores Manuel Alejandro , Ordóñez Ríos Manuel , Román Collado Rocío
Published: March 2020

Social Accounting Matrices are important databases that provide relevant information about the economic and social structure of an area for a period of time. This information allows researchers to develop an integral analysis of the productive structure of that area. This article presents the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for the Spanish economy for 2007 at basic prices. From SAM for Spain the key sectors of the Spanish economy are identified across three different methodologies: the methodology developed by Rasmussen, the hypothetical extraction method and, finally, using the technique of the Multiplier Product Matrix. The key sectors analysis using these three different methodologies lead to conclusions that, in some cases, are very different. In addition, the results improve when labor income, capital income, private and consumption are included as endogenous accounts in the model.
Student’s attitude towards campaign communication (on the example of 2018 Russian presidential election
Authors: Budko Diana Anatol'evna , Luk'yanova Galina Vladimirovna
Published: March 2020

The subject of this research is the attitude of student youth towards particular instruments of campaign communication. Among most commonly used techniques of influencing the citizens’ electoral behavior are the political advertising, mass media materials, debates, announcements of the leaders of public opinion. However, the factors important for making electoral decisions differ one age group to another. In this context, of special interest is the student youth that is more perceptive to modern methods of communication via mobile apps and other Internet technologies. The presented results are based on the data of focus groups studying in Saint Petersburg State University, acquired in the course of research “The factors of formation of absenteeism of student youth in the Russian megalopolis (on the example Saint Petersburg)” conducted in 2018 with technical support of the Resource Center of Sociological and Internet surveys of Saint Petersburg State University. The authors determine the following specificities of political communication prevalent in daily practices of student youth: distrust in such classical methods of campaign communication as debates; more trust in the online mass media rather than traditional; ambivalent stance of media leaders of public opinion; significance of the institution of family in formation of political views and decision-making. The impact of social networks creates a request for a renewed format of communication among students. The information must be easy accessible, appear as the first ling in search request, and presented in a form of standard post with a vivid visual component.
Existence as belonging:
Authors: Grassi Martín
Published: March 2020

O existencialismo é normalmente considerado uma filosofia da auto-afirmação. Entretanto, a filosofia existencial de Gabriel Marcel enfatiza o pertencimento (participation) e a comunidade como os conceitos fulcrais para compreender a existência humana. A existência humana pertence ao mundo, a outros seres semelhantes, ao Ser em si mesmo e ao Transcendente. Ao enfatizar o pertencimento, Marcel oferece uma nova e radical perspectiva sobre a liberdade e a metafísica, pois o ser não pode senão ser acolhido, e a dinâmica inteira da liberdade é sobre responder ao chamado do Outro. Esse tipo particular de existencialismo, portanto, pode desempenhar hoje um papel proeminente no debate filosófico, principalmente por evitar a oposição dialética entre o Eu e o Outro. A filosofia de Marcel oferece algumas percepções centrais sobre o significado da palavra “com” e, portanto, questiona a nossa compreensão da comunidade e do ser-com.
The Populist Tendency in Shi’a Islam
Authors: Al-Neimat Amal Abdullah , Al-Hatimi Ali Miqdadi
Published: March 2020

تتناول هذه الدِّراسة مسالة الشُّعُوْبيَّة : مفهومها وحقيقتها، ومدى تأثيرهافي الإسلام الشِّيعي قديماً وحديثًا. وممَّا تقرَّر في النَّتائج أنَّ الشُّعُوْبيَّة متأصِّلة في الإسلام الشِّيعي ؛ بل أصبحت  من ركائز فقه  الشِّيعة و تعاملهم مع نصوص الشَّريعة ومع الأخر. فكان الشَّيعة علي مدى التَّاريخ أداة للشُّعوبيَّة وخنجراً مسموماً في خاصرة الأمَّتين العربيَّة والإسلاميَّة وهم ماضون في  عدائهم للدِّين والأمَّة والواقع يشهد بممارساتهم في إيران والعراق واليمن والشَّام وعيونهم تتوق إلى كلِّ الدُّول العربيَّة والإسلاميَّة لزرع الفتن وخلق القلاقل أملا ًفي إعادة أمجاد الدَّولة الفارسيَّة من خلال تصدير الإسلام الشِّيعي الإمامي ...
هذا وقد اتبع الباحثان المنهج الوصفي ؛وذلك من خلال عرض المفاهيم المتعلِّقة بالدِّراسة، والمنهج الاستقرائي ؛من خلال تتبُّع ماذكره العلماء والمفكِّرون حول هذه المسألة وخصوصاً المصادر والمراجع الشِّيعيَّة ،إضافةً إلى المنهج الاستنتاجي...
Cone-beam computed tomography-based quantitative analysis of the thickness of mandibular alveolar bone in adult females with different vertical facial patterns
Authors: Sakaguchi-Kuma Tomomi , Ishida Yuji , Oishi Shuji , Kurabayashi Tohru , Ono Takashi
Published: March 2020

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to investigate the relationship between the thicknesses of the mandibular alveolar bone in the incisor, canine, premolar, and molar areas in adult female patients with different vertical skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:

CBCT images of 50 adult female patients before orthodontic treatment were analyzed. Based on the mandibular plane angle, they were divided into three groups: Low, average, and high-angle. The thicknesses of the alveolar and cancellous bones of the mandible were measured at the apices of the incisor, canine, first premolar, and first molar on both sides.

Results:

The thicknesses of the alveolar and cancellous bones were significantly larger in the low-angle group than in the high-angle group in all areas. At the incisal and canine areas, the thicknesses of the alveolar and cancellous bones were significantly larger in the average angle group than in the high-angle group. In the canine and first premolar areas, the thickness of the alveolar bone was larger in the low-angle group than in the average angle group.

Conclusions:

Vertical facial pattern is a significant factor in the width of the mandibular alveolar bone, especially in the incisor and canine areas. For planning labiobuccal movement in mandibular canines and incisors, information about the mandibular morphology is thought to be important, particularly in high-angle cases.
Synthesis, Identification and Biological Activity of New Heterocyclic Compounds from Reaction of New Schiff-Bases with Phathalic Anhydride
Authors: Dawood Alya A. , Mmohammed Shireen R. , Mahmoud Mohammed
Published: March 2020

Series of new Schiff bases and their derivatives (Oxazepine) have been synthesized during two steps. The first step synthesis of imines derivatives (1-10) by the condensation reaction of 1, 7-diaminohepatane and 1,8-diaminooctane with different substituted aromatic aldehydes by using glacial acetic acid as catalyst. The second step includes reaction of the prepared Schiff bases derivatives with phathalic anhydride in dry benzene to obtain   seven-membered heterocyclic ring derivatives (11-15).  The biological activities of some prepared compounds were also studied against different kinds of bacteria. The new derivatives were confirmed by suing a range of experimental techniques including 1HNMR, 13C NMR, IR and Mass spectra.
A Studying the Possibility of Estimating Soil Organic Carbon of Soils Under PINUS BRUTIA and QUERCUS AEGILOPS L. Trees in Sarke-Duhok By Using ASD FieldSpec 3 Spectroradiometer
Authors: Gravi Kamiran A.M. , Ibrahim Salah Matii
Published: March 2020

Visible and Near-infrared (VNIRS) spectroscopy is a very fast non-destructive and environmentally friendly analytical technique. It has been suggested as an alternative to conventional methods for assessing and monitoring soil quality. Accurate VNIRS prediction of soil organic carbon (SOC) has been reported by many researchers in different world regions. Sixteen surface soil samples (0-30cm depth) from Sarke - Duhok were collected, eight samples under Zawita Pine (Pinus brutia) and the other eight-under oak (Quercus aegilops L.) trees. Soil colour was measured in the field and soil samples were air-dried and sieved by using a 2.0 mm sieve and analyzed in the laboratory to estimate the PH, EC, CaCo3, texture, and SOC according to Walkley and Black methods. Laboratory reflectance spectra were acquired for each sample from 350 to 2500 nm by using the Analytical Spectral Device (ASD) FieldSpec 3spectroradiometer for each of the different spectrum bands (410, 570, 660, 849, 1543 and 2187nm). Results showed that the reflectivity values of soil under both Oak and Pine trees in the IR region (849, 1543, 2187nm) were almost more than that at the visible portion (410,570, 660nm). Also, the determination coefficient (R2) results indicated that the bands 570, 1543 and 2187nm showed significant relationships between soil reflectivity and SOC% under Oak trees, R2 was 58.2 %, 89.9%, and 93.9% respectively. While under the Pine tree, the only band that showed a significant relationship was band 1543nm, its R2 was 58.3%. From the current results, as the main objectives, it is obvious that the ASD FieldSpec 3 spectroradiometer is quite an efficient and un-destructive tool that can be used for SOC estimation under Oak & pine trees especially at the IR spectrum (band 1543nm). The relationship between the variables was moderately strong; R2 was 89.88 and 58.3 alternatively. The standard error was low (0.0399, 0.0185), which indicates that the predicted values are close to the real values. Besides that, under Oak trees results indicated that there was a high R2 between the variables at bands 570 & 2187 nm, the R2 values were 58.21 and 93.92, alternatively.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ABU BOILER TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) DI LAHAN GAMBUT
Authors: Hartati Yeni , Nelvia Nelvia
Published: March 2020

The aim of research to study the effect of Boiler ash origin palm oil mills (PKS) and the pulp on growth and yield of onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) on peatland. Research conducted at the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Rimbo Panjang village, Kampar District, Riau Province from August to November 2015. The study using the split-plot design (Split Plot Design), as the main plot, Boiler ash consists of two levels (plant origin MCC and pulp), and the subplot is boiler ash doses (0, 3, 6, and 9 tons/ha). Parameters measured were plant height, tuber number, the weight of tuber per hill, and tuber yield per m2. The results showed that plant height increased markedly in the application of 3 tons/ha ash from two sources, the number of tubers per clump sample increased markedly on the application of 6 tons/ha ash from PKS, as well as tuber weight per hill and tuber yield per m2 tends to increase with the application 3-9 tonnes/ha, the increase is greater with higher doses of ash from both sources.
SIFAT FISIK TANAH PADA BERBAGAI JARAK DARI SALURAN APLIKASI LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Silalahi Friska Anggreani , Nelvia Nelvia
Published: March 2020

This research aimed to study the effect of the application of waste of palm oil factory liquid on the soil physical characteristic of palm oil plantations. The application of waste of palm oil factory liquid done on a tract the application of which is called by the land application (LA) and LA have been made over 8 years. The research conducted inland of palm oil plantation Batubara Regency, North Sumatra Province from August to November 2015. The method used in this research was survey method. Determination of the sampling and research location was done deliberately by the purpose of the research (purposive sampling). Soil samples for analysis of soil physical characteristic were taken from distance 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 meters from canal application of palm oil factory liquid waste or land application (LA) with 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm depth each other taken from 5 points, included two on the right and left upper of LA and two on the right and left downstream of LA, and without LA used as a control. The results showed that the application of waste of palm oil factory liquid to decreases bulk density and increase the total pore space, water content, permeability and C-organic of soil of oil palm plantations compared to control at a distance 1 meter from LA and decreased with the farther the distance LA (5 m) and deeper (0-30cm), but will not affect particles density.
UJI PEMBERIAN PUPUK NPK MUTIARA DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR NASA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN MELON (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Ayu Jusri , Sabli Edy , Sulhaswardi Sulhaswardi
Published: March 2020

The study aimed to determine the effect of NPK Mutiara fertilizer and liquid Nasa organic fertilizer as well as each of the main factors on the growth and yield of melon plants (Cucumis melo L). The experimental design used was factorial 4 x 4 in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor was the administration of NPK Mutiara fertilizer consisting of 4 levels, namely: 0, 5, 10, and 15 grams/plant, and the second factor Nasa liquid organic fertilizer consisted of 4 levels, namely: 0, 3, 6, and 9 cc/plant. so that 16 combinations of treatments were obtained. Each combination of treatments consisted of 3 replications so that 48 units of the plot were obtained. Data from the observations were analyzed statistically (variance analysis) and BNJ advanced tests at the level of 5%. The parameters observed were flowering age, harvest age, stem diameter, fruit weight per fruit, the thickness of fruit flesh, and taste test. Research shows that the interaction of NPK Mutiara fertilizer and Nasa liquid organic fertilizer does not significantly affect all parameters, but singly NPK Mutiara fertilizer and liquid Nasa organic fertilizer give an influence on the parameters of observation. The main influence of NPK Mutiara fertilizer influences all observation parameters, namely flowering age, harvest age, stem diameter, widest leaf area, fruit circumference, fruit weight per fruit, production per plot, and thickness of fruit flesh. The best treatment is the administration of Pearl 5K NPK/plant (K1). While the main factors for the provision of liquid organic fertilizer Nasa affect the parameters of flowering age, harvest age, and widest leaf area. The best treatment is the administration of 6 ml/l water (N2) liquid organic fertilizer.
KEBUTUHAN MESIN PERTANIAN DAN TENAGA UNTUK MEKANISASI USAHATANI PADI SKALA KECIL DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR, PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Paman Ujang , Khairizal Khairizal , Wahyudy Hajry Arief
Published: March 2020

Farm machinery is one of the important power sources to carry out farm operations today. The availability of farm power in adequate number is prerequisites for providing enough power in perform rice farming operation. This paper attempts to evaluate the farm machinery and power requirement for performing operations of small-scale rice farming in Kampar Regency, Riau Province. Data were obtained from field survey in 15 districts from 21 districts of Kampar Regency. Village surveys were chose for each selected district which are rice production center and farm machines have been used in working rice farm operations. Samples were purposively selected and consisted of 30 farmers, 5 extension staffs and 20 machine operators. They were interviewed to collect field data on September 2015 by using questionnaires. The results show that the number of farm machinery was not sufficient to fulfill requirement and provide enough power for farm operations. From farm machinery available, it provided power about 0.61 hp.ha-1, while minimum power required for efficient rice farming is about 0.8 hp.ha-1. The results suggest that the number and type of farm machinery must be increased with financial support and involve private sectors.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEDALAMAN JANGKAUAN (DEPTH OF OUTREACH) LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO (LKM) UED-SP DI KECAMATAN KUNTO DARUSSALAM KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU
Authors: Rifai Ahmad , Nitami Dita Putri , Yulida Roza
Published: March 2020

This research aims to (1) identify the range performance of Micro Financial Institutions (MFI) UED-SP in Kunto Darussalam sub-district Rokan Hulu district (2) Analyze factors affecting depth of outreach UED-SP MFI in Kunto Darussalam sub-district Rokan Hulu district. The type of data used in this research is secondary data derived from financial report of UED-SP MFI in Kunto Darussalam sub-district, Report of the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Scientific journals and other institutions that support this research. The data analysis method used is descriptive statistical analysis and quantitative analysis by using analysis tool Econometrica data panel, where this research use software Eviews series 9. Through the Chow test and Hausman test, the panel data regression model used is fixed effect model (FEM). The result of data analysis shows that together (F-statistic test) the estimation result shows that the six independent variables ( Age of UED-SP MFI (AGE), return on asset (ROA), average values loan (AVL), capital asset ratio (CAR),amount of woman borrowers (POWB) and amount of trade sector borrowers (TRADE) ) have a significant effect on the variable average outstanding loan (AOL). Partially (t-statistic test), from the six independent variables used in this study, only two independent variables (age UED-SP MFI (AGE) and amount of trade sector borrowers (TRADE)) which has a significant effect on depth of outreach. Coefficient of determination test results (R2) Shows the value of R2 is equal to 0,9552 which means 95,52% depth of outreach variation can be explained by variation of age of UED-SP MFI (AGE), return on assets (ROA), average values loan (AVL), capital asset ratio (CAR), amount of woman borrowers (POWB), and amount of trade sector borrowers (TRADE). While the rest of 4,48 percent can be explained by other variables that are not included in the model.
PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN KOTORAN TERNAK SEBAGAI MEDIA KULTUR TERHADAP PERTAMBAHAN POPULASI CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus)
Authors: Putra Satria Edi , Johan Iskandar , Hasby Muhammad
Published: March 2020

This research aims to determine the effect of mixing cattle dung as a culture medium to the growing population of earthworms. The research was conducted for 42 days starting from 18 October to 28 November 2017 at the fish farming school hall of Agriculture Faculty of Islamic University Riau Pekanbaru. The worm tree used in this study was as many as 960 tail or 80 tail for each container. Worms are maintained for 42 days with different mixtures of medium, i,e, 100% P1 dung treatment, P2 cow-dung treatment 50% + 50% buffalo dung, 50% cow dung + 50% goat dung, 50% cow dung + 50% chicken droppings. The research design was Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The result of this research showed that the increase of population of earthworm with the mixing of cattle dung as culture media which conducted for 42 days is the best treatment of P2 as much as 4266 head/container, then the second one used was in treatment 3 as much as 1855 head/container, and the lowest increase of the population was at treatment P1 as much as 403 head/container, and followed by treatment P4 as much as 575 head/ container.
PERKEMBANGAN EKSPOR KARET ALAM INDONESIA
Authors: Wahyudy Hajry Arief , Khairizal Khairizal , Heriyanto Heriyanto
Published: March 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan ekspor karet alam Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data Time Series dari tahun 1996-2016 yang diperoleh dari berbagai sumber seperti International Trade Statistic, FAO, United Nation Commodity Trade Statistic dan BPS. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan volume ekspor karet alam Indonesia semakin meningkat, meskipun berfluktuasi namun tetap tumbuh positif sebesar 3.34 persen. Peningkatan ini berdampak terhadap peningkatan nilai ekspornya, bahkan peningkatannya lebih besar dibandingkan peningkatan volume. Selama 21 tahun terakhir nilai ekspor karet alam Indonesia tumbuh sebesar 9.95 persen.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN TUMPANGSARI CABAI DENGAN BAWANG MERAH MELALUI PENGATURAN JARAK TANAM DAN PEMUPUKAN NPK PADA TANAH GAMBUT
Authors: Baharuddin Raisa , Sutriana Selvia
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

 

The increased productivity of peatlands can be done by applying an intercropping system. The commodities that can be intercropped are chili and shallots. This research aims to determine the planting distance and dosage of NPK fertilization on production in intercropping of chili and shallot on peat soil. This research was conducted from August to December 2018 at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, and Islamic University of Riau. Research experiments used a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor of the spacing consisted of 4 levels, J1 (50 x 50 cm), J2 (60 x 50 cm), J3 (70 x 50 cm). The second factor of NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer dosage were N0 (0 kg. ha-1), N1 (250 kg. ha-1), N2 (500 kg. ha-1), N3 (750 kg. ha-1). Shallot was planted 2 weeks before planting chili with a spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm. The results indicated that the best planting distance and dosage of NPK on intercropping chili pepper and shallots in peatland was  50 x 50 cm and NPK 500 kg/ha for growth and production of shallots. The best planting distance and dosage of NPK on intercropping chili pepper and shallots in peatland was  50 x 50 cm and NPK 750 kg/ha for the production of chili pepper.
INOVASI DAERAH DARI PERSEPEKTIF REGULASI, KONSEPTUAL, DAN EMPIR (Tinjauan terhadap pasal Pasal 386 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah)
Authors: Febrian Ranggi Ade
Published: March 2020

In Act No. 23 of 2014 there is a chapter that specifically regulates regional innovation. Mentioned that in the framework of improving the performance of Regional Government, Local Government can innovate. Innovation is all form of renewal in the implementation of Regional Government. Initiatives of innovation can come from regional heads, members of parliament, civil state apparatus, regional apparatus, and community members. This regulation becomes a door for the region to make innovations become increasingly clear. Article 386 of the Regional Government Law expressly states, in the framework of improving the performance of local government administration, local government can innovate. Conceptually Rogers (1961) explains that innovation is an idea, practice, or object that is considered new by the individual one unit of other adoption. The variables affecting the innovation diffusion stage include (1) innovation attributes, (2) types of innovation decisions, (3) communication channels, (4) social system conditions, and (5) the role of change agents. West Java Province serve as an example of a region that successfully implemented local innovation. There are three categories of innovation, namely Governance Governance Innovation, Public Service Innovation, and Sectoral Product Innovation. Governance Innovation Governance, aimed at improving Government performance, apparatus professionalism, and expansion of public participation. While Public Service Innovation is designed to build a quality society and competitive. The Sector Product Innovation is designed to build a robust and equitable economy. This success led to the Governor of West Java awarded as Head of Innovative Region 2017. If West Java Province can apply successful regional innovation, why other regions are still afraid to apply it.
POLA KOMUNIKASI KOMISI PENANGGULANGAN AIDS (KPA) KOTA PEKANBARU DALAM MENSOSIALISASIKAN BAHAYA HIV DAN AIDS KEPADA PENJAJA SEX DAN GAY
Authors: Trijupitasari Rannyta , Riauan Muhd Ar. Imam
Published: March 2020

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pola komunikasi penanggulangan AIDS (KPA) Kota Pekanbaru dalam mensosialisaikan bahaya virus HIV dan AIDS. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data digunakan adalah observasi,wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 2 orang informan utama dari Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS (KPA), 2 orang informan gay dan 1 orang informan penjaja sex. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pola komunikasi yang dilakukan Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS (KPA) Kota Pekanbaru dalam mensosialisasikan HIV dan AIDS kepada penjaja sex dan gay ialah dengan cara memberikan penyuluhan kepada penjaja sex dan gay yang bekerja sama dengan instansi atau pun lembaga-lembaga LSM lainnya dengan tujuan bagaimana untuk memutuskan rantai HIV dan AIDS. Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS (KPA) juga memiliki relawan untuk menyampaikan bahaya virus HIV dan AIDS kepada kelompok yang beresiko tinggi, teman sebaya dan kelompok masyarakat.
Kegunaan Whatapps Sebagai Media Iinformasi dan Media Pembelajaran Pada Mahasiswa Ilmu Komunikasi STISIP Persada Bunda
Authors: Sari Sartika
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuam untuk mengetahui kegunaan media dalam dunia pembelajaran selain utnuk berkomunikasi dan penyampaian pesan dalam dunia perkuliahan. Maraknya kecanggihan teknologi menempatkan posisi pemakai agar dapat bijak dalam penggunaannya. Sistim pembelajaran ini dapat di tuangkan dalam e-blended learning yang merupakan kajian perpaduan teknologi dan komunikasi yang menarik untuk ditelusuri berdasarkan fungsi media sebagai pembelajaran tersebut. Penggunaan yang tepat dan positif merupakan keputusan yang bijak dalam penggunaan serta pemanfaatan teknologi. Adanya kemajuan bidang teknologi memudahkan dalam pembelajaran, penyaluran pesan melalui media yang tepat dan cepat mulai digemari berbanding terbalik dengan masa terdahulu dimana saat ini semua dapat terakses dengan mudah dan cepat sehingga pemanfaatan yang tepat sangat terasa bermanfaat terutama dalam dunia perkuliahan.