bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving classification and reconstruction of imagined images from EEG signals
Authors: Shimizu Hirokatsu , Srinivasan Ramesh
Published: September 2022

Decoding brain activity related to specific tasks, such as imagining something, is important for brain computer interface (BCI) control. While decoding of brain signals, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals and electroencephalography (EEG) signals, during observing visual images and while imagining images has been previously reported, further development of methods for improving training, performance, and interpretation of brain data was the goal of this study. We applied a Sinc-EEGNet to decode brain activity during perception and imagination of visual stimuli, and added an attention module to extract the importance of each electrode or frequency band. We also reconstructed images from brain activity by using a generative adversarial network (GAN). By combining the EEG recorded during a visual task (perception) and an imagination task, we have successfully boosted the accuracy of classifying EEG data in the imagination task and improved the quality of reconstruction by GAN. Our result indicates that the brain activity evoked during the visual task is present in the imagination task and can be used for better classification of the imagined image. By using the attention module, we can derive the spatial weights in each frequency band and contrast spatial or frequency importance between tasks from our model. Imagination tasks are classified by low frequency EEG signals over temporal cortex, while perception tasks are classified by high frequency EEG signals over occipital and frontal cortex. Combining data sets in training results in a balanced model improving classification of the imagination task without significantly changing performance in the visual task. Our approach not only improves performance and interpretability but also potentially reduces the burden on training since we can improve the accuracy of classifying a relatively hard task with high variability (imagination) by combining with the data of the relatively easy task, observing visual images.
What message appeal and messenger are most persuasive for COVID-19 vaccine uptake: Results from a 5-country survey in India, Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, and Ukraine
Authors: Limaye Rupali J. , Balgobin Kristian , Michel Alexandra , Schulz Gretchen , Erchick Daniel J.
Published: September 2022

Effective strategies to encourage COVID-19 vaccination should consider how health communication can be tailored to specific contexts. Our study aimed to evaluate the influence of three specific messaging appeals from two kinds of messengers on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in diverse countries. We surveyed 953 online participants in five countries (India, Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, and Ukraine). We assessed participants’ perceptions of three messaging appeals of vaccination—COVID-19 disease health outcomes, social norms related to COVID-19 vaccination, and economic impact of COVID-19—from two messengers, healthcare providers (HCP), and peers. We examined participants’ ad preference and vaccine hesitancy using multivariable multinomial logistic regression. Participants expressed a high level of approval for all the ads. The healthcare outcome–healthcare provider ad was most preferred among participants from India, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Ukraine. Participants in Kenya reported a preference for the health outcome–peer ad. The majority of participants in each country expressed high levels of vaccine hesitancy. However, in a final logistic regression model participant characteristics were not significantly related to vaccine hesitancy. These findings suggest that appeals related to health outcomes, economic benefit, and social norms are all acceptable to diverse general populations, while specific audience segments (i.e., mothers, younger adults, etc.) may have preferences for specific appeals over others. Tailored approaches, or approaches that are developed with the target audience’s concerns and preferences in mind, will be more effective than broad-based or mass appeals.
Medication adherence and its impact on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with comorbidity: A multicenter cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Sendekie Ashenafi Kibret , Netere Adeladlew Kassie , Kasahun Asmamaw Emagn , Belachew Eyayaw Ashete
Published: September 2022

Background

Medication nonadherence in patients with chronic diseases, particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with comorbidity, has continued to be the cause of treatment failure. The current study assessed medication adherence and its impact on glycemic control in T2DM patients with comorbidity.

Methods

An institutional-based multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among T2DM patients with comorbidity at the selected hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia. Medication adherence was measured using a structured questionnaire of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS). A logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of the level of medication adherence and glycemic control. P < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval (CI) was statistically significant.

Results

A total of 403 samples were included in the final study. This study showed that more than three-fourths (76.9%) of the participants were under a low level of medication adherence. Source of medication cost coverage [AOR = 10.593, 95% CI (2.628–41.835; P = 0.003], monthly income (P < 0.00), self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) practice [AOR = 0.266, 95% CI (0.117–0.604); P = 0.002], number of medications [AOR = 0.068, 95% CI (0.004–0.813); P = 0.014] and medical conditions [AOR = 0.307, 95% CI (0.026–0.437); P = 0.018] were found to be significant predictors of medication adherence. Significantly, majority (74.7%) of participants had poor levels of glycemic control. Patients who had a high level of medication adherence [AOR = 0.003, 95% CI (0.000–0.113); P = 0.002] were found less likely to have poor glycemic control compared with patients who were low adherent to their medications.

Conclusion

The current study concluded that medication adherence was low and significantly associated with poor glycemic control. Number of medical conditions and medications were found to be associated with medication adherence. Management interventions of T2DM patients with comorbidity should focus on the improvement of medication adherence.
Epidemiology and infection control of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a German tertiary neonatal intensive and intermediate care unit: A retrospective study (2013–2020)
Authors: Böhne Carolin , Knegendorf Leonard , Schwab Frank , Ebadi Ella , Bange Franz-Christoph , Vital Marius , Schlüter Dirk , Hansen Gesine , Pirr Sabine , Peter Corinna , Bohnhorst Bettina , Baier Claas
Published: September 2022

In preterm and term infants who require intermediate or intensive care Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection can lead to significant morbidity. In this study MRSA colonization and infection were assessed in a mixed tertiary neonatal intensive and intermediate care unit in Germany over an 8-year period (2013–2020). We investigated patient-related factors, associated with nosocomial MRSA acquisition, and we discuss our infection control concept for MRSA. Of 3488 patients treated during the study period, 24 were MRSA positive patients, corresponding to 26 patient hospital stays. The incidence was 0.7 MRSA patients per 100 patients. The incidence density was 0.4 MRSA patient hospital stays per 1000 patient days. Twelve patients (50%) acquired MRSA in the hospital. One patient developed a hospital acquired MRSA bloodstream infection 9 days after birth (i.e., 0.03% of all patients on the ward during the study period). A total of 122 patients had to be screened to detect one MRSA positive patient. In a logistic regression model, the use of 3rd generation intravenous cephalosporin (cefotaxim) was associated with nosocomial MRSA acquisition compared with matched control patients who did not acquire MRSA. In sum, the burden of MRSA colonization and infection in the ward was low during the study period. A comprehensive infection control concept that included microbiologic colonization screening, prospective infection surveillance together with isolation and emphasis on basic hygiene measures is essential to handle MRSA in this specialized setting.
Craft sciences meet neuroscience
Authors: Groth Camilla , Jousmäki Veikko , Saarinen Veli-Matti , Hari Riitta
Published: September 2022

Collaboration between disciplines is necessary when research questions cannot be answered within a single discipline. Joining of forces can produce results that neither discipline could provide alone. Here we exemplify collaboration between a ceramic craft researcher and three neuroscientists working in the field of human brain imaging. In our case study of clay throwing, the researcher–practitioner’s eye gaze, muscular activity and hand acceleration were recorded online, synchronized with video and thermal-camera recordings. We describe the experimental setting and discuss, besides the possible future interests in this kind of research, also the different levels of collaborative work between disciplines. We found that the monitoring methods worked well in the naturalistic setting in a ceramic studio, providing some new perspectives into the craft practice. For neuroscientists, clay throwing – involving accurate sensorimotor hand control, haptics and eye–hand coordination – provides an attractive setup to extend previous neuroscientific and behavioural findings in strictly controlled laboratory experiments into naturalistic situations. The applied monitoring devices might allow practitioner–researchers in crafts to become aware of unconscious steps in the making process. The applied methods could also help to accumulate general craft-making knowledge and build related theory.
Crystal Growing Design method: An investigation into the growing of crystals for jewellery designs
Authors: Boons Sofie
Published: September 2022

Grown crystals are used for a range of novel innovations supporting a wide array of industries such as technology, medicine and electronics. Within the jewellery industry however, grown crystals are only used in a limited capacity and those of gemstone quality mainly as a surrogate for mined gemstones. They have remained largely underused, despite their potential sustainability credentials and the creative possibilities the incorporation of the process of crystal growth holds for jewellery designers. The bespoke growth of gemstone quality crystals could lead to highly unique jewellery designs which would result in higher consumer attachment. This in addition to the potentially more sustainable production of these stones would lead to overall more sustainable products. To address the barriers that are holding jewellery designers back from exploring the growth of crystals in their practice, and to address the knowledge gap that underpins this barrier, this article presents a practice-based exploration into the method of Crystal Growing Design for jewellery. Alongside reviewing a selection of the limited number of jewellery designers who have explored organic crystal growth, the article discusses the results of the practice-based explorations done. Three hypotheses derived from the characteristics and advantages of Growing Design were tested in three case studies and aimed to explore the design opportunities the method provides designers when (1) growing in situ either in designs or (2) around shapes or (3) when utilizing the grow-ability of the process as a feature. Because the growth of gemstone quality crystals requires more elaborate and high-cost equipment, sugar, alum and salt were experimented with as a prelude to further experimentation with the technique using gemstone grade crystals. Through utilizing an explorative Do-It-Yourself (DIY) approach, the author documents and discusses the opportunities and challenges presented by the incorporation of a crystal growth method into the jewellery design practice. The research article will additionally reflect on the DIY growth of these non-gemstone quality crystals as a meaningful learning process for jewellery designers wishing to gain a deeper understanding of crystal growth. The DIY growth of crystals can be considered a valuable tinkering process to investigate design ideas. Which is particularly relevant since the method of growing crystals holds creative potential when designing jewellery in collaboration with crystal growers, or through incorporating gemstone crystal growth processes, which are the topic of the author’s overarching Ph.D. research.
Craft as resistance: A case study of three Indigenous craft traditions
Authors: Castelblanco Pérez Stefania
Published: September 2022

In this article, I aim to explore the role that craft has played in terms of social resistance for three native peoples: the Iku and Nasa peoples in Colombia and the Sámi people in Sweden. The methodology is based on ethnography. Interviews were performed with Indigenous makers and experts with the objective to understand Indigenous craft and social processes. Inspirations, techniques and materials involved in the Indigenous craft traditions and their relation to social resistance were studied. Social resistance of a political, ecological and cultural nature manifests itself in craft practices, in terms of materiality and implicit meaning. The article includes a brief of the analysed Indigenous communities and the rationale behind the author’s wish to learn from their craft traditions. A theoretical framework based on the concepts of social resistance and craft is also included. The article finalizes with a reflection on the role of craft in terms of social, cultural, political and ecological resistance.
Party Stick: An essay
Authors: Hall-Araujo Lori
Published: September 2022

This article is a companion piece to the stop-motion animated film short Party Stick that I made and which is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=70jfc7osN80. Here I describe my creative process, methods and motivations in making the film as someone who is both an artist and scholar concerned with dress as an embodied practice. I characterize Party Stick – animated through the juxtaposition and photography of different images – as a camp parody of white-supremacist hypermasculinity. While the carnivalesque film aims to subvert hegemonic normativities, I concede that such transgressive reinscriptions are necessarily controversial, ambiguous and meant to evoke ambivalent laughter. I posit that as a camp expression, Party Stick potentially highlights the constructedness of what gets naturalized visually – which includes naturalized beauty, desirability and sexuality – and what philosopher Heather Widdows characterizes as a hegemonic aesthetic ethos rooted in western beauty ideals.
Virgilio Fanelli: vida y obra de un platero italiano en la España barroca (c. 1653-1678)
Authors: Illescas Díaz Laura
Published: September 2022

Un artista como Virgilio Fanelli, calificado por sus contemporáneos con el apelativo de «Praxíteles florentín», bien merece protagonizar un trabajo como el aquí propuesto. Según las noticias proporcionadas por Francisco de los Santos, en torno a 1646 se le adjudicó la hechura de la lámpara destinada al Real Panteón de San Lorenzo de El Escorial, satisfaciendo tal encargo en Génova; su montaje le obligó a trasladarse a la Octava Maravilla, motivo por el que entró a formar parte de la nómina de italianos al servicio de Felipe IV. No obstante, la suerte no quiso fijar en la Corte el desarrollo de su trayectoria, sino en Toledo, ciudad en la que alcanzó su cénit artístico. Y es que, la fortuna de haber crecido en Génova, una de las capitales culturales con mayor peso del Seiscientos, y aprender bajo las directrices de su padre, el afamado escultor Francesco Fanelli, le hicieron brillar con luz propia y desmarcarse de sus contemporáneos españoles. Es por ello que la presente tesis tiene como principal propósito abogar por el «redescubrimiento» de Virgilio Fanelli mediante un estudio de su trayectoria y producción artística en suelo hispano (c. 1653-1678).
Características de la violencia sexual en grupo hacia personas con discapacidad intelectual en España: un estudio jurisprudencial
Authors: De la Torre Laso Jesús , Cazorla González Cristina
Published: September 2022

Durante décadas, la violencia sexual que involucra a personas vulnerables se ha convertido en un tema de gran importancia social. Así mismo, las personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) no son ajenas a la victimización de la violencia sexual. Los estudios efectuados sobre violencia sexual hacia personas con DI se han centrado en analizar la victimización cuando el agresor es uno solo y no se tiene conocimiento de la existencia de estudios que traten la violencia sexual cometida por la actuación de varios sujetos de manera grupal. Conocer las características de este tipo de violencia sexual es crucial para poder proteger a las personas con DI y poder prevenir estos delitos. Este artículo analiza las características de los sucesos de violencia sexual cometidos en grupo mediante un análisis descriptivo de las resoluciones judiciales en los últimos años en nuestro país. Se han encontrado 18 sentencias donde aparecen 47 autores, la mayoría hombres, y 18 víctimas. Los resultados del estudio permiten evidenciar la vulnerabilidad de las personas con DI y la necesidad de investigar este tipo de sucesos para intentar prevenir su victimización.
Prevalence of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Contrast-Enhanced CT Angiography at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Gayathri Shivakumar  , Suresh M.K.  , Naveen P.V.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Multimodal Computed Tomography (CT) imaging with contrast-enhanced CT angiography (CTA) is frequently being used to guide the management of acute ischemic stroke. The administration of contrast media (CM) may lead to nephrotoxicity. However, little has been reported about the safety of intravenous CM exposure in acute stroke patients. This study aims to evaluate whether there is a significant change in renal function following contrast agent administration, determine the proportion of patients developing contrast-induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI), and analyze the risk factors associated with the same.

METHODS

We analysed 138 patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent emergency CTA at our centre, followed up on the renal parameters and prospectively evaluated them for the development of CI-AKI. The patients who developed CI-AKI were analysed for specific risk factors and categorized into risk groups based on a pre-validated risk score. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to identify independent predictors of CI-AKI.

RESULTS

CI-AKI occurred in 19 patients (13.7%). Significant (p<0.001) changes in renal parameters were observed following contrast administration irrespective of whether it satisfied the criteria for CI-AKI. Most of the patients had a low-risk score for CI-AKI. The predicted risk of CI-AKI based on the Mehran Risk Score (MRS) was similar to that observed in our study population. No patient had to be on haemodialysis. Raised baseline S.creatinine(p-value<0.03), Diabetes with microangiopathy(p-value<0.001), and systemic hypertension(p-value<0.001) were significant predictors for CI-AKI.

CONCLUSIONS

The development of renal sequelae is low in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing contrast imaging. Prompt CTA, if indicated, need not be delayed in those with no history of renal impairment or without relevant risk factors. A practical reflection of this study is to be cognizant of the renal risks that an in-patient stroke population is exposed to as Intravascular depletion, infections(urinary tract infections, pneumonia), and nephrotoxic medications.
THE IMPACT OF DROUGHT ON LIVESTOCK IN AFGOI, LOWER SHABELLE - SOMALIA
Authors: Isak Mr.Abdirashid Adam
Published: September 2022

Drought is generally an extended period of months or years in which precipitation is less than the annual average and results in severe water scarcity. For the Horn of Africa region, drought occurrence has become increasingly severe during the last decade, with rainfall totals of at least 50â€“75 % below normal encountered in most areas, amounts that are not sufficient to support crop and pasture growth for livelihood security (Nicholson 2014). The main objective of this study was to evaluate and measure the impacts of the drought on stock market, milk, fodder, and meat productivity, along with the major effects on the pastoralistâ€™s daily life. Methodology adopted in this research was quantitative approach include questionnaire and data analysis procedure, this study was employ through explanatory research design. The purpose affecting the variables involves in this study and helped to achieve all the objectives of research. The study was conducted from the livestock sales and pastoralists, afgoye district livestock market. The researcher had selected 80 respondent(s) randomly from the population. The data analyzed was performed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16. Result, The study clarified the reason related to poverty caused by drought in various households 46.3%. As well as The study indicated that responders 56.3% was agreed to provided feed supplements for livestock during drought while 3.8% of responders not agreed. Also The study proven that the (55%) of responders said the Shortage of rainfall experienced towards the end of 2016 and early 2017 resulted in degradation of grazing veld, while (1.3%) of responders said not resulted in degradation of grazing veld. Conclusion, The survey results and field observations indicated that the afgoye livestock market was seriously affected by drought particularly in dry seasons. According to responder`s understand towards the period of drought time, the study indicated the majority of people lose their jobs, particularly in the livestock sector. Recommendation, the study recommended to all shepherds to establish an alternative project to store water and fodder to benefit from it during the long drought. , also the study recommended the government, NGO`s in dealing with disaster management in Somalia are currently focused on either emergency health preparedness or post emergency relief. There is need for them to shift their mindsets from reaction and charity to anticipation and preemption.
Niveles elevados de fibrinógeno en el sujeto delgado metabólicamente obeso: un estudio transversal analítico a partir de una muestra de pobladores peruanos
Authors: Vera-Ponce Victor Juan , Zeñas-Trujillo Gianella Zulema , Torres-Malca Jenny Raquel , Cruz-Ausejo Liliana , Valladares-Garrido Mario J. , Talavera Ramirez Jesus Enrique , Vela-Ruiz Jose M , De la Cruz Vargas Jhony A.
Published: September 2022

Introducción: El fibrinógeno plasmático, es reconocido como un factor de riesgo importante para eventos cardiometabólicos a través de mecanismos como la formación de trombina, agregación plaquetaria e inflamación, todos partes de la disfunción endotelial conducentes al Síndrome Coronario Agudo. Elevados niveles pueden estar presentes en sujetos con obesidad, sin embargo, no hay información suficiente sobre si esto también es igual en los sujetos delgados metabólicamente obesos (DMO).
Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre el DMO y niveles de fibrinógeno en una muestra de pobladores peruanos.
Metodología: Estudio transversal analítico. Análisis de datos secundarios del estudio PERU MIGRANT (2007, 989 participantes). Para el diagnóstico de DMO se consideró si presentaba dos o más características de siete criterios metabólicos: circunferencia de la cintura (mediante evaluación antropométrica), triglicéridos, glucosa en ayunas, presión arterial sistólica y diastólica, colesterol-HDL, HOMA-IR, proteína C reactiva (PCR). Se consideró fibrinógeno (elevado ≥ 450 mg/dl). Para el análisis de regresión, se realizó un modelo lineal generalizado con enlace log y familia Poisson con varianza robusta. De esa forma, se obtuvo como medida de asociación las razones de prevalencia crudas (RPc) y ajustadas (RPa) por las covariables mencionadas, se consideró intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC 95%).
Resultados: De los 393 participantes seleccionados, el 46,3% fueron mujeres, la mediana de edad fue 47(37–56), 13,5% presentó niveles de fibrinógeno elevado. La prevalencia de DMO fue 32,6%. Solo hubo una relación estadísticamente significativa entre fibrinógeno y el PCR-plasmático (rho= 0,54; p<0,001). La regresión múltiple, encontró asociación entre el DMO y el nivel altos fibrinógeno plasmático (RP=1,93 IC95%: 1,44–2,57; p<0,001).
Conclusión: Existe asociación entre los niveles altos de fibrinógeno plasmático y el DMO. Estos resultados pueden servir para futuras investigaciones prospectivas, ya sea para considerarlo un factor de riesgo o como un marcador adicional para el seguimiento y diagnóstico en personas delgadas.
A pH-responsive biopolymer-based multiple emulsion prepared in a helicoidal contactor for chemotherapeutics delivery
Authors: Dluska Ewa , Markowska-Radomska Agnieszka , Skowroński Patryk
Published: September 2022

Among biopolymers, pH-responsive ones have much potential for drug delivery systems by exploiting the pH gradient between physiological and pathological states. In this paper multiple emulsions with a pH-responsive biopolymer for controlled drug delivery in brain tumor treatment were discussed. The characteristic and rheological properties of multiple emulsions, biopolymer adsorption, zeta potential, and release processes were examined. The results showed higher drug release rates in the acidic tumor microenvironment compared to the simulated conditions of normal cells.
The distribution of Kerivoula malpasi and Kerivoula picta (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Sri Lanka
Authors: Edirisinghe Gayan , J. Bandara A.P. Malsha , D. P Patterson Bruce , P. Nanayakkara Ranil , Dissanayake Duminda , Akmeemana Sameera , Sumanapala Amila , Gabadage Dinesh , Botejue Madhava
Published: September 2022

Sri Lanka is considered one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots. Although Sri Lanka has a rich diversity of bats, Kerivoula malpasi is the only bat that is endemic to Sri Lanka, where it is represented by only five records. The other known species of Kerivoula in Sri Lanka, Kerivoula picta, is more widely distributed. This study maps the current and historical distributions of the two species. Field observations made from 2016 to 2020 are presented, including 41 new locations for K. picta, which add the northernmost and easternmost records for the species in Sri Lanka. Details from museum specimens of both species are also presented in order to aid future investigations and promote the conservation of these species in the country.
Experimental Study of Rice Husk Fluidization Without a Sand Bed Material on a Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier
Authors: Sonjaya Abeth Novria , Safitri Kania , Surjosatyo Adi
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of rice husk fluidization and variation in the equivalence ratio of bubbling fluidized bed gasifiers without sand bed materials. It also aimed to improve the fluidization quality by reducing the diameter of rice husks. Therefore, the bulk density increases, whereas voidage decreases, both of which are the main parameters for improving the quality of fluidization in solid particles. Experiments were carried out at a velocity of 0.82 m/s, by varying the equivalent ratios ranging from 0.20 to 0.35, and analyzing the syngas composition, cold gas and carbon conversion efficiencies, lower heating value, and temperature distribution. An equivalence ratio of 0.30 was obtained for a bubbling fluidized gasifier with syngas compositions of 7.415%, 15.674%, 3.071%, 17.839%, and 56.031% for H2, CO, CH4, CO2, and N2, respectively. Under these conditions, we obtained cold gas and carbon conversion efficiencies and a lower heating value of 31.340%, 37.120%, and 3.881 MJ/Nm3, respectively.
Sustainability and digitalisation: Using Means-End Chain Theory to determine the key elements of the digital maturity model for research and development organisations with the aspect of sustainability
Authors: Kupilas K.J. , Rodriguez Montequin V. , Diaz Piloneta M. , Alonso Alvarez C.
Published: September 2022

Organisations are under pressure to digitally transform and become more sustainable. Thus, the convergence of digitalisation and sustainability is inevitable. There are several Digital Maturity models that help companies to develop their digital roadmaps, however, none of them have been developed for Research and Development (R&D) organisations. Additionally, none of these models include the dimension of sustainability. In this paper the authors used the Means-End Chain method to determine which are the key dimensions of the digital maturity model tailored for R&D, as well as to investigate the link between digital transformation and sustainability. The results show that although technologies are important, they cannot successfully transform the organisation on their own. They must be supported by people and culture change. The results also highlighted that sustainability is high on the agenda and cannot be ignored when progressing towards the higher level of Digital Maturity. The findings may serve as a reference for any organisation that is building or revising its digitalisation or sustainability strategies. It highlights the important dimensions that should be considered and prioritised when preparing the transformation roadmap. These dimensions are tailored for R&D but can be a good indication for any other type of organisation.
Angular acceleration compensation guidance law for passive homing missiles
Authors: Li Jixin , Liang Xiaogeng , Xia Keqiang , You Yilin
Published: September 2022

Proportional navigation guidance law (PNG) is widely used for passive homing missiles. But PNG often suffers from inaccurate tracking of target or even failure when the target is maneuvering quickly or releasing artificial decoys. In order to solve this problem, the angular acceleration compensation guidance law (AACG) is constructed by using line of sight (LOS) angular velocity and LOS angular acceleration. The stability analysis with Lyapunov stability theory shows that AACG system is asymptotically stable on a large scale under certain stability constraint conditions. AACG command is designed to be perpendicular to the LOS and optimized by gravity compensation. AACG is neither dependent on target acceleration nor the distance between the missile and the target. The numerical simulation results indicate that AACG has good guidance performance on air-to-air missiles when the target maneuvers violently or releases artificial decoys in the endgame term.
A review on graphene/rubber nanocomposites
Authors: Murugesan Arunkumar , Lakshmanan Saraswathy Jayakumari , Chandran Ramji
Published: September 2022

The numerous combinations of different rubbers as matrix materials with graphene/graphene derivatives as nanofillers, which are used to fabricate graphene/rubber nanocomposites, are illustrated in this study. The different processing methods for producing graphene/rubber nanocomposites are investigated in depth. Furthermore, based on the results of various experiments performed with the produced graphene/rubber nanocomposites, an attempt is made to establish an outline over the influence of graphene nanofillers inside the rubber matrix. To explain the composite material characteristics, different processes, and the consequence of the incorporation of graphene/graphene derivatives nanofillers, a unique approximation has been accomplished.
A new computational investigation to the new exact solutions of (3 + 1)-dimensional WKdV equations via two novel procedures arising in shallow water magnetohydrodynamics
Authors: Zhou Maojie , Akbulut Arzu , Kaplan Melike , Kaabar Mohammed K. A. , Yue Xiao-Guang
Published: September 2022

Various new exact solutions to

(

3
+
1

)

\left(3+1)

-dimensional Wazwaz–KdV equations are obtained in this work via two techniques: the modified Kudryashov procedure and modified simple equation method. The 3D plots, contour plots, and 2D plots of some obtained solutions are provided to describe the dynamic characteristics of the obtained solutions. Our employed techniques are very helpful in constructing new exact solutions to several nonlinear models encountered in ocean scientific phenomena arising in stratified flows, shallow water, plasma physics, and internal waves.
The European Union prioritises economics over health in the rollout of radiofrequency technologies
Authors: Nyberg Nils Rainer , McCredden Julie E. , Weller Steven G. , Hardell Lennart
Published: September 2022

The fifth generation of radiofrequency communication, 5G, is currently being rolled out worldwide. Since September 2017, the EU 5G Appeal has been sent six times to the EU, requesting a moratorium on the rollout of 5G. This article reviews the 5G Appeal and the EU’s subsequent replies, including the extensive cover letter sent to the EU in September 2021, requesting stricter guidelines for exposures to radiofrequency radiation (RFR). The Appeal notes the EU’s internal conflict between its approach to a wireless technology-led future, and the need to protect the health and safety of its citizens. It critiques the reliance of the EU on the current guidelines given by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), that consider only heating and no other health relevant biological effects from RFR. To counteract the ICNIRP position, the 2021 cover letter briefly presented recent research from the EU’s own expert groups, from a large collection of European and other international studies, and from previous reviews of the effects of RFR on humans and the environment. The 5G Appeal asserts that the majority of scientific evidence points to biological effects, many with the potential for harm, occurring below the ICNIRP public limits. Evidence to establish this position is drawn from studies showing changes to neurotransmitters and receptors, damage to cells, proteins, DNA, sperm, the immune system, and human health, including cancer. The 2021 Appeal goes on to warn that 5G signals are likely to additionally alter the behaviour of oxygen and water molecules at the quantum level, unfold proteins, damage skin, and cause harm to insects, birds, frogs, plants and animals. Altogether, this evidence establishes a high priority for the European Union towards (i) replacing the current flawed guidelines with protective thresholds, and (ii) placing a moratorium on 5G deployment so as to (iii) allow industry-independent scientists the time needed to propose new health-protective guidelines. This 2021 Appeal’s relevance becomes even more pressing in the context of the EU plans to roll out the sixth generation of wireless technologies, 6G, further adding to the known risks of RFR technology for humans and the environment. This all leads to an important question: Do EU decision makers have the right to ignore EU´s own directives by prioritising economic gain over human and environmental health?
The digital approach to semiotics: a systematic review
Authors: Berlanga-Fernández Inmaculada , Reyes Everardo
Published: September 2022

This article traces the presence of the concept digital semiotics in scientific literature with the aim of constituting a corpus of study that would allow to identify its goals and fields of interest. We undertook a systematic review of the term in the most important academic databases. We obtained 389 records and analyzed each of them in terms of publication date, type, content, and synthesis of contributions that develop distinct lines of investigation in digital semiotics. The results show a reduced number of first level publications that approach in detail this object of inquiry while establishing multimodal semiotics and social semiotics as the most consolidated branches. However, we found an increasing amount of gray literature that paves the way towards a deeper semiotic research tradition in the 21st century. We conclude by calling for a revision of semiotics, understood as a field of study that brings together interdisciplinary relationships and methodological solutions that interrogate the digital culture.
Socio-spatial adaptation in the food delivery system during the first stages of the Covid-19 pandemic in Guadalajara, Jalisco
Authors: Verduzco Chávez Basilio , Valenzuela Varela María Basilia
Published: September 2022

Focusing events are associated with opportunities for innovation and transformation of social practices. Socio-spatial adaptation processes induced by these events are a relevant issue due to theoretical and public policy reasons. This article analyzes the growth of food delivery services during the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic and the socio-spatial adaptation observed in Guadalajara, Jalisco. Based on evidence generated through semi-structured interviews with food deliverers in the Providencia area, the study identifies four dominant socio-spatial adaptation strategies. Workers used them to adapt to the pandemic in a context of systemic problems of social and urban inequality, social distancing policies, and increased occupational hazards, while digital platforms gained legitimacy and pushed for service diversification.
Double Encryption Algorithm for Massive Personal Biometric Authentication Images Based on Chaotic Mapping for Future Smart Cities
Authors: Ma Lei , Qu Mingfei , He Pengfei
Published: September 2022

To address the problems of low encryption security, slow encryption speed, and small key space of personal biometric authentication image, a double encryption algorithm of image based on chaotic mapping is proposed. The global block-matching strategy of sparse clustering is used to remove the image noise, and the encrypted key information in the biometric authentication image is extracted by mathematical morphology. The logistic index is used to disrupt the image information distribution, bit scrambling is used to double scramble the image, and the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA)-256 hash function is used to generate the initial value of the chaotic system to obtain the chaotic map and the random variable sequence of hyperchaotic Chen system, and the chaotic sequence is transformed into the ciphertext image matrix after exclusive OR (XOR) operation in order to realize the double encryption of personal biometric authentication image. The results show that the proposed method has large key space, high encryption accuracy, fast efficiency, and better security performance.
FORMAÇÃO E SEMIFORMAÇÃO EM THEODOR ADORNO
Authors: Santos Furtado Renan , Nazareno Ferreira Borges Carlos , Henrique Cruz da Silva Leandro
Published: September 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma discussão sobre a formação de professores em suas variadas dimensões, como a política, técnica, humana e a da formação cultural, bem como tratar sobre a perspectiva do professor formador e da formação para a pesquisa. Para isso, apoiamo-nos nas ideias de formação e semiformação apresentadas por Theodor Adorno no intuito de demonstrar as contribuições desses conceitos para o debate. Apontamos que a semiformação traz um prejuízo estrutural na formação dos professores, assim como na formação dos indivíduos em geral, haja vista que as dinâmicas que fazem essa semiformação acontecer dentro do mundo do capital priorizam fatores que não estão ligados com as dimensões principais da formação, mas, sim, ao produtivismo inerente ao sistema econômico no qual estamos inseridos.
PERCEPÇÃO DE UM GRUPO DE PROFESSORES DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA SOBRE O ENSINO DE ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL
Authors: Da Silva Oliveira Shimite Amabriane , Rogério da Silva Nilson
Published: September 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever, por meio de um grupo de professores atuantes na Educação Superior e Tecnológica, as condições de ensino de alunos com deficiência visual. Participaram da pesquisa 22 professores atuantes no curso superior de Tecnologia em Alimentos de uma faculdade localizada no interior do estado de São Paulo, onde a coleta de dados ocorreu pela utilização de um questionário composto por nove perguntas abertas. As respostas obtidas originaram categorias; dentre essas foram analisadas as respostas referentes à categoria Ensino, constituída pelas subcategorias Ingresso do aluno com deficiência visual, Metodologia de ensino e Estratégias de ensino. Para análise de cada subcategoria foi empregada a Análise de Conteúdo, proposta por Bardin. Nos resultados, foi possível identificar que os docentes não se consideram capacitados para atuar no processo inclusivo e não compreendem as competências e dificuldades do aluno com deficiência visual. Nesse sentido, o acesso à Educação Profissional e Tecnológica pelo aluno com deficiência visual requer o comprometimento da instituição e o entendimento do desenvolvimento de uma rede colaborativa de trabalho.
The upper ocean silicon cycle of the subarctic Pacific during the EXPORTS field campaign
Authors: Brzezinski Mark A. , Varela Diana E. , Jenkins Bethany D. , Buck Kristen N. , Kafrissen Sile M. , Jones Janice L.
Published: September 2022

Diatoms are major contributors to marine primary productivity and carbon export due to their rapid growth in high-nutrient environments and their heavy silica ballast. Their contributions are highly modified in high-nutrient low-chlorophyll regions due to the decoupling of upper-ocean silicon and carbon cycling caused by low iron (Fe). The Si cycle and the role of diatoms in the biological carbon pump was examined at Ocean Station Papa (OSP) in the HNLC region of the northeastern subarctic Pacific during the NASA EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) field study. Sampling occurred during the annual minimum in surface silicic acid (Si(OH)4) concentration. Biogenic silica (bSi) concentrations were low, being in the tens of nanomolar range, despite high Si(OH)4 concentrations of about 15 μM. On average, the >5.0-µm particle size fraction dominated Si dynamics, accounting for 65% of bSi stocks and 81% of Si uptake compared to the small fraction (0.6–5.0 μm). Limitation of Si uptake was detected in the small, but not the large, size fraction. Growth rate in small diatoms was limited by Fe, while their Si uptake was restricted by Si(OH)4 concentration, whereas larger diatoms were only growth-limited by Fe. About a third of bSi production was exported out of the upper 100 m. The contribution of diatoms to carbon export (9–13%) was about twice their contribution to primary productivity (3–7%). The combination of low bSi production, low diatom primary productivity and high bSi export efficiency at OSP was more similar to the dynamics in the subtropical gyres than to other high-nutrient low-chlorophyll regions.
Increases in Arctic sea ice algal habitat, 1985–2018
Authors: Lim Stephanie M. , Payne Courtney M. , van Dijken Gert L. , Arrigo Kevin R.
Published: September 2022

In the Arctic Ocean, sea ice algae are responsible for a small but seasonally important pulse of primary production. Their persistence is threatened by the rapid loss of sea ice from the Arctic Ocean due to climate change, but this threat will be at least partially offset by the replacement of multiyear ice (MYI) with first-year ice (FYI). FYI is thinner and usually features a thinner snow cover than MYI, thus transmitting more light to support ice algal growth. We combined remote sensing, reanalysis data, and modeling products with a radiative transfer model to assess how the changing physical conditions in the Arctic altered the extent and duration of the bottom ice algal habitat over a 34-year period. Habitat was defined as areas where enough light penetrates to the bottom ice to support net positive photosynthesis. The Arctic shifted from 37% FYI in 1985 to 63% in 2018, as the 2.0 × 106 km2 increase in FYI extent outpaced the 0.6 × 106 km2 decrease in overall sea ice extent above the Arctic Circle. The proliferation of younger ice corresponded with a 0.08 m decade–1 decrease in average sea ice thickness and a 0.003 m decade–1 decrease in average snow depth. The end of the ice algal season, marked by the onset of warm summer air temperatures, moved slightly earlier, by 1.4 days decade–1. Our analysis indicates that ice algal habitat extent increased by 0.4 × 106 km2 decade–1, or from 48% to 66% of total sea ice extent. The average ice algal growing season also lengthened by 2.4 days and shifted earlier in the year. Together, these trends suggest that net primary production in Arctic sea ice increased during 1985–2018. The most dramatic changes were localized in the Central Basin and the Chukchi Sea and were driven primarily by the declining snow cover and the shift from MYI to FYI. Although the Arctic recently became more favorable to ice algae, we expect that this trend will not continue indefinitely, as a limited amount of MYI remains.
Kiraya Verenin Hapis Hakkı
Authors: UYUMAZ Alper
Published: September 2022

Genel hapis hakkı taşınır rehninin bir türü olarak TMK.m.950-953’de düzen-lenmiştir. Ancak, Türk Medenî Kanununda aynı bölümde düzenlenen teslime bağlı rehinden farklı olarak, hapis hakkı iradi bir rehin türü değildir. Yani hapis hakkı, teslime bağlı rehnin aksine, kanunda belirtilen şartların oluşmasıyla, herhangi bir aynî sözleşmeye gerek kalmaksızın kendiliğinden doğar. Türk Medenî Kanununda yer alan düzenlemelerden yola çıkarak hapis hakkı, alacaklının zilyetliğinde bulu-nan borçluya ait taşınır malların ya da kıymetli evrakın iade edilmeyerek, alacağın teminatı olarak tutulması ya da para çevrilmesi yetkisini içeren bir aynî hak olarak tanımlanabilir. Alacağını elde edemeyen alacaklının eşyayı paraya çevirerek tatmin edilmesine imkân veren hapis hakkının rehin hakkına benzemesi nedeniyle aynî nitelikte olduğunu kabul etmek yerinde olacaktır. Öte yandan, kira sözleşmesinin esaslı unsurlarından olan kira bedelinin ifasında yaşanabilecek sorunları önlemek için getirilen üç aylık kira bedeline kadar güvence verme ve inceleme konusunu oluşturan hapis hakkı, kiraya verenin alacağını güvence altına alan düzenlemelerin başında gelir. Yeterince uygulaması bulunmayan kiraya verenin hapis hakkı konu-sunda uygulamada bir takım tereddütler bulunmakta, bu tereddütler de müessesenin uygulanmasının artmasını engellemektedir. Kiralayanın hapis hakkı, hukuk profes-yonelleri tarafından başvurulan bir yol olmaya başlayınca yerel ve haliyle üst yargı mercii kararları artacak; kiraya verenin hapis hakkının hem uygulama alanı geniş-leyecek hem de yasal düzenlemenin sınırları daha belirli hale gelecektir. İşte, bu müesseseye tanınırlık kazandırmak için bu çalışma kaleme alınmış, özellikle mües-sese ile ilgili tartışmalı konular irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
MALPRAKTİS DAVALARININ TAHKİME ELVERİŞLİLİĞİ: ÇİN HALK CUMHURİYETİ VE AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: YILDIZ ÜSTÜN Esra
Published: September 2022

Günümüzde tahkim birçok uyuşmazlık türünde alternatif çözüm yöntemi olarak kullanılmaktadır. Öyle ki, kamu düzenini yakından ilgilendiren iş uyuşmazlıkları ve aile hukukuna ilişkin uyuşmazlıklarda da başvurulan bir çözüm yöntemi haline gelmiştir. Bazı ülkeler tahkimin kapsamını daha da genişleterek sağlık hukuku uyuşmazlıkları için de tahkime başvuru yolunu açmıştırlar. Diğerleri ise bu konuya ilişkin tahkime oldukça temkinli yaklaşmaktadırlar. Sağlık hukuku alanında sıklıkla karşılaşılan uyuşmazlık türü malpraktis davalarıdır. Malpraktis davalarının en sık görüldüğü ve çözümü için tahkime başvurulan ülkeler Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’dir. Bu çalışma malpraktis davalarının tahkime götürüldüğü ve tahkim sürecinde ciddi sıkıntıların yaşandığı Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti ile daha problemsiz bir tahkim sürecine sahip olan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ni karşılaştıracaktır. Buna ek olarak, malpraktis uyuşmazlıklarının tahkime elverişliliği tartışılarak, tarafların eşitliği ve adaletin sağlanması için öneriler sunulacaktır.