bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physio-Chemical Properties and Hydraulic Characteristics of Reconstruction Soil Filling with Fly Ash
Authors: Chen Xiao Yang , Yan Jia Ping , Yang Xiu Fang
Published: October 2011

Abstract. Efficient full use of fly ash is still an important issue which has been troubled by the developing countries like China, and a large area subsidence as a result of coal mining also give rise to serious damage for agricultural soils. The agricultural soil profile reconstruction is great significance with fly ash as a substrate because of combining the two problems. In this paper, the feasibility of soil reconstruction is discussed through studying the physio-chemical properties and hydraulic characteristics of fly ash. The results show that the physio-chemical properties of fly ash layer in reconstruction soil profile tend to healthy development with rehabilitation time increasing. Though fly ash layer has a higher water content and poor ability of water vertical upward movement compared to surface soil, but the parameters values are basically appropriate to crop production and not evidently decreasing yields. As for potential groundwater pollution due to solute downward transport of reconstruction soil, we will start further research and draw up solution.
Tenebrio Small-Scale Ecological Farming Feasibility Study
Authors: Wang Hai Chao , Liao Hong Yan , Chen Hong Ling
Published: October 2011

Highest types of animal and plant nutrients Tenebrio first. In this paper, the development prospects of Tenebrio breeding, breeding advantage, farming techniques, market potential and project economic and ecological benefits in areas such as comprehensive analysis. The results showed that: Tenebrio farming is a small investment, quick, easy breeding, no pollution, good economic returns, eco-efficient, farmers can get rich quick good project.
Impact of Different Land Use on Topsoil Organic Carbon Density in Anhui Province
Authors: Xu Xin Wang , Pan Gen Xing , Hou Peng Cheng
Published: October 2011

Abstract：Carbon storage and sequestration is considered to be an important issue in study of terrestrial C cycling and global climatic change．Regional C pool estimate is a fundamental data for describing C pool dynamics under human activities．This paper deals with a provincial baseline topsoil C pool estimate by using the soil series data collected from the 2nd national soil survey．The total topsoil SOC density is(31.64±16.39)C／hm2 ，with (36.36±18.75)C／hm2 from the forest soils，(17.58±6.07)C／hm2 from dryland soils and(27.7±6.72)C／hm2 from the plow layer of paddy soil and(14.11±6.44)C／hm2 from plow layer．The estimated total topsoil SOC pool is 0.28Pg，with 0.14Pg in the forest soils，0.05Pg in the dryland soils and 0.09Pg in paddy soils．The SOC density and pool was found reflecting the impacts by land use patterns．The SOC storage was found related to the clay content and N enrichment in soils．
Experimental Study and Application of the Different Waste Rock Compaction Characteristics Filled in Roadside of Gob-Side Entry Retaining
Authors: Cheng Yun Hai , Guo Xin Shan , Jiang Fu Xing , Fu Zhi Liang
Published: October 2011

Stress-strain relationship of waste body under different side pressures, water contents and particle fractions are investigated in this paper. The bearing features of waste filled body of entry retaining besides gob-side entry retaining are: (1) filling waste gob-side entry retaining requires adequate horizontal restraint; (2) gangue water content has little effect on filling body intensity and waste in natural water content state can be used to fill in gob-side entry retaining; (3) stress and -strain relationship of waste body (grain size ranges from 0 to 10mm) is nonlinear. The bearing capacity can meet the requirement of beside gob-side entry retaining support. Based on above experimental results, the industrial roadway retained experiment is successful. The research results provide theory design basis for wide application.
The Study of Biological Activity in Artemisia Plant Extracts
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Zhi Ying , Ma Wei , Han Xiao Bing , Ma Ling
Published: October 2011

We adopt the soakage extracting method and ultrasonic extracting method to extract insecticidal and antimicrobial active ingredients from Artemisia sieversiana, Artemisia annua and Artemisia scoparia. The result show that the best solvent for extraction is 95% ethanol solution for these three species of Artemisia, the best extraction method is ultrasonic extracting method. The lethal concentrations in the contact toxicity of the three species of Artemisia extracts to the 3rd instar larvae of Lymantria dispar were 6.0392, 7.6075 and 11.2561mg/ml. It also has antibacterial effect on Fusarium sporotrichioides, Cytospora chrysosperma, Guignardia laricina and Bipolaris maydis. And the inhibition ratio of growth of the four kinds of pathogenic fungal hyphae is over 50%, when the solution concentration is ≥ 40mg/ml.
Effects of Management Measures on Soil Properties of Pinus koraiensis Plantations
Authors: Wang Shu Li , Fan Ning Ning
Published: October 2011

The effects of four management measures (A: All broad-leaved trees and shrubs were cut, B: All broad-leaved trees were cut, C: All shrubs were cut, D: Partial upper broad-leaved trees were cut uniform.) of Pinus koraiensis plantations on the soil properties were studied in National Natural Reserve located in Lesser Xingan Mountains. Litter mass, soil organic matter mass, soil physical properties, soil chemical properties and microbial characteristics were affected significantly by management activities in the Pinus koraiensis plantations no matter what kind of management measures. The rate of undecomposed layer was bigger than 50% in measure A and measure B, and smaller than 50% in measure C and measure D. The lowest surface soil bulk density was in measure C and D. Soil organic matter mass of measure C and D was bigger than that of measure A and B. In the upper soil layer, the nutrient of measure C and D was higher than that of measure A and B. The totoal number of bacterium, fungi and actinomycetes was the bigger in measure C and D, and the smaller in measure A and B. The rusults of the soil properties under different management measures seems to confirm that increasing the degree of close-to-nature forest management could be conductive to improve the soil quality of Pinus koraiensis plantation.
The Influence of Chlorophenoxy Herbicides MCPA on Creeping Bentgrass Physiological Index
Authors: Gao Yang Fan , Shi Ming Wang , Wang Jian Hua
Published: October 2011

In this article, we studied to different concentrations of MCPA to creeping bentgrass Growth. Through the creeping bentgrass in four different periods of chlorophyll content, MDA and soluble sugar content determination. This test result showed:With the MCPA concentration increases, creeping bentgrass decline of chlorophyll content in the same period of growth, MDA and soluble sugar content increased. MCPA used after the early pair of creeping bentgrass growth is large, to put off with MCPA handle time, to affect to creeping bentgrass growth is gradually decreased.
Effects of Exogenous Nitric Oxide on the Photosynthesis of Taxus chinensis var. Mairei Seedings
Authors: Li De Wen , Li Mei Lan , Wei Xiao Xue
Published: October 2011

In the study, the gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll contents of the leaves of Taxus chinensis var. mairei exposed to exogenous nitric oxide (NO) were determined. The seedlings were treated with sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, at 5 different concentrations ranging from 0 mM to 1 mM. The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions in laboratory. The result showed that the 1 mM SNP increased the net photosynthetic rate (PN) of Taxus chinensis var. mairei slightly; however, other SNP treatments decreased PN. The water use efficiency (WUE) was increased by exogenous NO, while the stomata conductance (Gs) and the transpiration rate (E) were decreased. The concentrations of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and total chlorophyll exhibited 0.1 mM> 0.01 mM> 1 mM > 0 mM > 0.5 mM after 10 days of SNP treatments. The experiment proved that at suitable concentrations of exogenous NO signals increased the photosynthesis, and suggested that the SNP treatment might promote the growth of the Taxus chinensis var. mairei seedlings.
Effect of Herbicides on the Photosynthetic Rate and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Solidago canadensis L.
Authors: Yang Liu Qing , Liao Fei Yong , Zhao Kun
Published: October 2011

Solidago canadensis L. was treated with metsulfuron-methyl, fluroxypyr and iso-propyl glyphosate. The photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured. The results showed that after treated 13 days later, the intrinsic conversion efficiency of light energy decreased, treatment A1B3 had the largest decline, which was 81.6 % of the control, the changes of treatments treated with iso-propyl glyphosate were not obvious; the photochemical quenching parameter of all treatments decreased, treatment A2B2 had the largest decline, which was 42.6 % of control; the photosynthetic electron transport rate decreased obviously, treatment A1B2，A1B3 and A2B2 had the largest decline, which was 20.0 % of control; the net photosynthetic rate decreased greatly, treatment A2B2 and A2B3 drooped more than others, which were 11.3% and 17.8% of control respectively. After treated 50 days later, the plants treated with metsulfuron-methyl and fluroxypyr were dead, whose net photosynthetic rates were zero. The net photosynthetic rates of the plants treated with iso-propyl glyphosate decreased to varying degrees, but plants were alive. Result shows that metsulfuron-methyl and fluroxypyr could be used to kill the Solidago canadensis L., the plants would be dead after treated 50 days later.
Evaluation of Drinking Water Biostability by a Biofilm Annular Reactor
Authors: Wang Meng Hui , Chen Lu , Jia Rui Bao , Lian Xu , Li Li
Published: October 2011

A biofilm based method was used to measure the biological regrowth potential of water by a biofilm annular reactor. The tested water was taken from the city distribution system at the lower reaches of Yellow River. Bacterial growth data, including biofilm and suspended bacteria in water, were collected during the month-long study and compared with turbidity and the traditional biodegradable organic material measuring method, namely, assimilable organic carbon (AOC) method. The change trends of biofilm biomass, heterotrophic plate counting of suspended bacteria (HPCs), turbidity and AOC were discussed and the correlation between these indicators were analyzed in this study. Results of this study indicated that comprehensively quantitative biostability factors should take into account both biodegradable organic material and biofilm formation capability of tested water.
Current Status and Development Trends of Fiber-Recycling in Japan
Authors: Lv Li Hua , Su Xing Gen , Yu Yong Ling
Published: October 2011

Fibers are used for a large variety of applications. Textiles, nonwovens as well as fiber reinforced composite materials are commonly used in daily life and in technical applications. However, the increase of fiber can not suffice the demand of people. And fiber shortages have became a key problem. To face these challenges, recycling is considered as an effective way to fiber wastes. As a problem in environment, resource and constructing recycling society, fiber-recycling has been highly concerned in present Japanese society. This job has been actively pushed forward, whether in the government or in research institutes or in civilian organizations. This article studies current status and development trends of fiber-recycling in Japan in different angles. It provides reference not only on constructing full cycling model but also on further promoting the field of fiber-recycling research.
Effect of the Pheromone Releasing Measure against the Banana Weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) in China
Authors: Lu Hui , Ma Qing Fen , Zhong Yi Hai
Published: October 2011

The banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus, is the most important pest of banana in the world. The effect of the pheromone releasing measure, a kind of ecological control method, was investigated over 2 years in Nanbao Farm, Lingao county, Hainan, China. The pheromone used was Cosmolure+, a commercially available C. sordidus aggregation pheromone. There were 3 treatments, including 0, 5 and 10 pheromone traps/ha. Pheromone lures were changed monthly at which time the traps were moved to a different location within the stand. There were no significant differences in mean catches of C. sordidus per trap in the most of the investigation period except September 2009. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in plant damage between the pheromone treatment of 5 traps/ha and 10 traps/ha. The results also showed that the relationship between the mean number of weevils caught per month and average rainfall was not significant. Possible reasons for the 5 traps/ha efficacy in this study are discussed.
Dynamic Analysis of Land Use / Cover Change in Dangshan County
Authors: Fang Gang , Yang Juan , Su Hai Min
Published: October 2011

The paper,mainly using 3 scenery TM remote sensing images of Landsat satellite and 1 scenery ETM+ remote sensing image, carried out monitoring and analyzing of the land use / cover change of Dangshan County, including Dangshan County from 1987 to 2009 a total of 23 years of land use / cover change features, land-use conversion relations between types, and discussed the main reason for change. This provided the theory and basis for the Dangshan County urban environment change research, the urban planning, and the urbanized prospect forecast. Conclusions: With the rapid economic development of Dangshan County, and the level of urbanization constantly improved, Dangshan County land use had changed greatly, from 1987 to 2009, construction land and cultivated land had always been dominant position in the 23 years, the stability type area was 367.38 km2, accounted for 30.79%, the changed area accounted for 69.21%, the changed area ratio to 3.01% per year, the comprehensive land-use dynamic degree was 1.50%.
Study on the Wetland Change in Northeast China Based on RS and GIS Technology
Authors: Cui Han Wen , Jiang Qi Gang
Published: October 2011

Based on the RS and GIS technology, the remote sensing imageries MSS in 1975, ETM in 2000 and CBERS-2 in 2007 have been used as main data source in this paper. Wetland current distribution, spatiotemporal change principle and transition matrix have been analyzed in order to realize the wetland change situation in Northeast China during the 30 years. The results show that the wetland area in Northeast China, on the whole, is decreased first and then increased. The dramatic change happened in mire and constructed wetland. Mire is decreased first and then increased, but the whole is still decreased. While, constructed wetland is increased continuously. Constructed wetland increased owing to the transition from mire and non-wetland. The level of the transition from mire to constructed wetland is lower. In Northeast China, human activities have a great impact on wetland change than nature factors.
Monitoring Water Resource in Taiyuan, China Using HJ-1B Imagery
Authors: Wang Yan Chao , Zhang Ji Long , Wang Zhi Bin , Yang Jian Sheng
Published: October 2011

Remote sensing technology can be used to quickly extract macro information of the study area, and its advantages in monitoring water resources have become increasingly evident. In this study, Fenhe 2nd reservoir and Jinyang Lake in Taiyuan，Shanxi Province were examined using the remote sensing data obtained from HJ-1B on May 6, 2010. Water area of Fenhe 2nd reservoir was extracted using NDWI and improved segmentation threshold. The distribution of eutrophication and phytoplankton in Jinyang Lake were analyzed using NDPI and a profile map of phytoplankton was produced. Results show that spatial and spectral resolution of HJ-1B can meet the requirements of water resources monitoring well, which are conducive for further promotion and application of HJ-1B remote sensing data.
Research on Key Technologies of River Rapid Survey by ADCP
Authors: Zhang Pan , Sun Wei Ying , Tian Zhi Zong , Zhang Bao Sen
Published: October 2011

ADCP is convenient for field measurements , But the work of data extraction is heavy , and the flow field distribution map and topographic contour map can’t get from the system software directly , so the rapid extraction of measurement data and mapping technology are two key technologies in river rapid survey by ADCP. This paper studies these two issues , proposed solutions, applied these technologies to the measurement of Nanguotou Permeable Pile Groynes on the Yellow River, and achieved satisfactory results.
Study on Cultivated Land Resources Use Efficiency in Henan
Authors: Zhou Zhi Min
Published: October 2011

Based on the background of construct the national grain strategy project of Henan province core and construct Zhongyuan Economic Zone, considering the Henan province's cultivated land resources use efficiency and food security, using multiple linear regression model to analyze the cultivated land resources’s use efficiency between 1999-2008 of Henan province, drew this decade, cultivated area remain basically stable, cultivated land utilization overall efficiency is high, and established the food production, even in successive years grain output reached a high yield, population density, urbanization rate, per capita GDP, multiple crop index, per hectare fertilizer rate is the greatly influenced factors of influence cultivated land resource utilization efficiency. Finally, proposed to improve the cultivated land resource utilization efficiency of Henan province and rational utilization of cultivated land resources countermeasures.
Sedimentary and Reservoir Characteristics of Fan Delta of Nan1 Formation in Beizhong Oilfield, Hailar Basin
Authors: Wang Ya Ning , Bao Zhi Dong , Peng Shi Mi , Li Xiao Rui
Published: October 2011

Abstract. Beizhong Oilfield is one of the hydrocarbon enrichment zones in Hailar Basin, whose key layer Nan1 Formation mainly develops fan delta sedimentary type. On the basis of fine stratitraphic framework, this paper firstly analysized the petrologic characteristics of fan delta, and through observing and describing of coring wells, combined with the features of logging and sesmic facies, then identified and illustrated the main sedimentary microfacies characteristics of fan delta front of Nan1 Formation in study area. Based on the above, the sedimentary model of fan delta in study area was established. Finally, the reservoir characteristics of fan delta was analysized and summarized from the study of reservoir space type, sandstone patterns and superimposed styles.
Hydrocarbon Generation Process Investigation of Permian and the Low Triassic Source Rocks on Lower Yangzte Region
Authors: Huang Yan Ran , Zhang Zhi Huan , Liu Ji Yong
Published: October 2011

On Lower Yangtze region source rocks of Permian and the Lower Triassic activation energy distribution suggests that source rocks experienced some hydrocarbon generation reaction, generally high activation energy mainly because of high maturity, the weighted average activation energy has good positive correlation with maturity. The time of hydrocarbon generation in Huang Qiao area is short, and it’s speed is fast; the time in Ju Rong area is longer, characteristics is prone to early and multi-period; source rocks in Chao Hu region been uplifted to surface, the thermal evolution is lowest of all, and the time is longest. Source rocks secondary hydrocarbon generation exists in many area in Lower Yangtze region, the degree of hydrocarbon generation is mainly depend on sedimentary burial history.
Evaluation and Classification of the Siegenian Formation Reservoir in Devonian, X Block, Algeria
Authors: Zhang Chun Ming
Published: October 2011

Based on the identification of rock slice and cast thin sections, the observation of scanning electron microscopy, the technology of high pressure Hg injection and X-ray diffraction analysis of clay minerals, the Siegenian Formation reservoir in Devonian, X block, was evaluated and classified. The reservoir is a tight sandstone reservoir with relatively poor porosity and low permeability and it is divided into three types: mesopore-ultra low permeability reservoir (type I), low-middle porosity-ultra low permeability reservoir (type II) and low porosity-ultra low permeability reservoir (type III). The type II is the main reservoir in this area. The conclusions are useful for the petroleum exploration in future.
Health Evaluation Investigation for Rural Area Space Pattern in the Water-Net Area
Authors: Yang Kai Jian , Huang Yao Zhi
Published: October 2011

This article analyses the impact of urbanization, industrialization, modernization of agriculture on the rural area space pattern in the water-net area of Yangtze River delta; points out the importance of taking protection measures; concludes the basic types of the rural area space pattern in the water-net area; tries to diagnose the degree of health development in the rural areas by constructing spatial pattern of rural health evaluation index system in order to facilitate guiding the planning and construction of the rural area.
Preliminary Evaluation on Physical Properties of Coal Reservoirs in Boli Basin, Northeastern Heilongjiang Province, China
Authors: Zhao Yu Ji , Li Jun Qian , Cai Yi Dong , Liu Da Meng , Yao Yan Bin
Published: October 2011

The Boli basin has coalbed methane (CBM) resource of 57×108m3at a coal-bearing area of about 7200km2. Although the basin has huge CBM development potential, the study on the characteristics of coal reservoirs is still deficient. In the paper, the physical properties (including coal petrography, rank, quality, porosity and permeability) of the coals were studied by: (1) measuring vitrinite reflectance, coal maceral composition and coal quality; (2) quantitatively counting microfractures; (3) porosity and permeability tests; and (4) low-temperature N2isotherm adsorption/desorption and mercury porosimetry analyses. Results show that: (1) coal maceral composition is dominated by vitrinite (77.0-95.1 %); (2) the maximum vitrinite reflectance of coals ranges from 0.48 to 1.76 % Ro, max; (3) coal is composed of high carbon content (63.43-85.14%), low hydrogen content (3.23-4.56%), extremely low moisture content (0.18-1.18%) and widely varied ash yield (7.54 to 29.23%); (4) Coal pores are dominated by micropores (40.6-69.3%), and the pores with a diameter of 0-10nm are dominant (59.6-80.9%); (5) coal permeability values vary from 0.04 to 3.92mD with an average of 1.98mD. In addition, according to the mercury porosimetry analysis, pore-fractures size distribution was summarized as four types: Types Ⅰ and Ⅲ are favorable for developing CBM and represent good pore-fracture structures.
Adsorption of 4-Chlorophenol onto Hypercrosslinked Resins
Authors: Tang Shu He , Wang Jing Ping , Sun Yu Feng , Dai Nan Nan
Published: October 2011

Two kinds of hypercrosslinked resin ZH-01 and ZH-03 were prepared in this study. Experimental investigations were conducted to study the adsorption characteristics of 4-chlorophenol on the hypercrosslinked resins by method of static adsorption. The equilibrium adsorption data was fitted to Freundlich adsorption isotherm model to evaluate the related parameters. The results showed that the changes of enthalpy, free energy, entropy indicate an exothermic, spontaneous and disorder decreasing process happened in the adsorption. It was also shown that, respecting to the adsorption capacity, the adsorbents prepared here are better than the Amberlite XAD-4 for removing the 4-chlorophenol in aqueous solutions.
Transfer Zone Characteristics in No. II Fault Zone and its Control on Petroleum, TaZhong Area
Authors: Zhang Yu Hang , Li Xing Yan , Yan Zhi Feng
Published: October 2011

According to interpreted cautiously with 2D and 3D seismic profiles, the typical transfer zone was identified in No.Ⅱ fault zone of TaZhong area, near the TaZhong 46 well of central uplift belt in Tarim basin. Discussed the transfer zone characteristic on the basis of seismic interpretation, it’s clearly triangle transfer zone and caused by strike-slip affection. Using structural analysis method, it is indicated that the transfer zone composed by thrusting-detachment faults. According to structural evolution analysis, the transfer zone had been affecting constantly by transpression during the caledonian-late hercynian, Analyzing geologic setting and regional geology characteristic, TaZhong No.Ⅱ fault zone are sinistral transpression strike-slip fault. Analysis the control action of transfer zone’s for trap, reservoir, hydrocarbon migration and sedimentary, the Transfer zone have the advantage target for oil and gas exploration.
Simulation of Operation Scheme of Su Cuo Buried Oil Pipeline
Authors: Wei Li Xin , Zhang Lu Ying , Wang Yu
Published: October 2011

Aim at the actual operating condition of Su Cuo buried oil pipeline, the simulation model of this pipeline operation was built by the simulation software of TLNET to simulate the running states of pipeline in different operating conditions. With the target of saving energy and reducing consumption, the operating parameters of this pipeline with different throughput and different seasons were optimized, and the optimization results can be used to guide the pipeline operation.
Theoretical Study of the Mechanism of the 1CBr2 + 3O2 Reaction
Authors: Shi Cong Yun , Zhang Jiao , Liu Xing Zhong
Published: October 2011

A detailed theoretical study was done in order to clarify the reaction mechanisms of the singlet dibromocarbene (1CBr2) with 3O2 on the singlet potential energy surface (PES). All the geometries of reactants, intermediates, transition states and products were obtained at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. Intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) calculations at the same level were carried out to confirm the connections between transition states and intermediates. It is found that the initial adduct Br2COO (Cs) is formed via a barrierless association in the 1CBr2 + 3O2 reaction, and then some isomerizations and breakages of bonds take place, generating P1 (BrCO + BrO), P2 (CO + Br2O), P3 (CO2 + Br2) and P4 (CO2 + 2Br). P3 (CO2 + Br2) is the most competitive channel kinetically and thermodynamically. P4 (CO2 + 2Br) is the least favorable one kinetically.
Research on if Nasturtium officinale Can Be Used on Eutrophicated Waterbody Restoration at Low Temperature
Authors: Song Guan Ling , Wang Qun Hui , Hou Wen Hua , Gao Yuan , Wu Hao
Published: October 2011

Nasturtium officinale exposed to low temperature at 10-12°C was investigated to study the possible application of eutrophicated waterbody resoration in winter of some parts of China. The fresh weight, soluble protein and photosynthetic pigments as well as antioxidant enzymes and biomass changes were measured to study the effect of low temperature on the growth of this plant. The results demonstrated that the soluble protein of Nasturtium officinale at low temperature increased compared with that of plant that grown in optimum temperature, so this plant can synthesize higher level protein to resist low temperature stress. The biomass of Nasturtium officinale also increased at such low temperatures. SOD and POD activity increased to resist oxidative stress when the plant was exposed to low temperature of 10-12°C. CAT activity and MDA content of Nasturtium officinale did not change much at such low temperature. Only photosynthetic pigments decreased in low temperature compared with that of plant grown in optimum temperature.The plant did not suffer from seriously oxidative damage at such low temperature condition, so the plant is suitable for using in the wading eutrophicated natural waterbody restoratin in winter of some part of China.
Study on the Preparation and Photocatalytic Property of N, Fe, Zn Nano-TiO2 Loaded on Active Carbon
Authors: Hou Chen Tao , He Xia , Wang Ying , Nie Wen Jie
Published: October 2011

In the paper, tetranbutyl titanate was loaded on granular active carbon using sol-gel dip-coating technique to form anatase nano-TiO2 photocatalyst with an average diameter of 16nm doped with N, Fe, Zn ions. The morphology and crystal structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV–Vis spectrophotometer, respectively. The results show that the prepared photocatalyst demonstrates outstanding photodegradation efficiency and light response zone has transferred from ultraviolet light zone to UV-visible zone. Moreover, considering methylene blue (MB) as target degradation pollutant, under visible light irradiation, the photodegradation rate reached beyond 100% after 1h.
Simultaneous Removal of SO2 and NOx from Flue Gas on NiMgAlO Catalyst in the Presence of O2
Authors: Yu Mo Xin , Zheng Ming Dong , He Xiao Jun , Li Xue Hui , Wang Le Fu
Published: October 2011

NiMgAlO catalysts were prepared by two methods: coprecipition and impregnation. They were used to simultaneously adsorb SO2 and NO with O2 in a fixed bed at atmospheric pressure. Typically the molar composition of the feed gas was 1% SO2, 0.2% NO and O2 with ultra-high purity Ar as the diluent. The results showed the catalysts were excellent materials for the simultaneous oxidation adsorption of SO2 and NOx. The two kinds of catalysts were compared for the SO2 and NOx adsorption capacity. The NiMgAlO catalyst prepared by coprecipition had better adsorption than impregnation. When NiMgAlO catalysts with 10 wt-% Ni content were calcined at 550°C, adsorption capacity was the largest at 120°C adsorption temperature: 1.392 mmol SO2 and 0.213 mmol NOx were adsorbed on 1 g catalyst prepared by the coprecipition method. The causes are seen by the XRD, surface area and porous size analysis.
Sorption and pH Effect on Selected Antibiotics in Soils
Authors: Wu Yang , Chen Dong Hui , Huang Man Hong
Published: October 2011

This study was to investigate sorption behavior of selected antibiotics in soils. The pH effect on sorption was also studied. Results showed organic matter was an important factor in the sorption of sulfamethoxazole and sulfapyridine to soil, while trimethoprim could be easily sorbed on different types of soils, and displayed a higher sorption potential than sulfamethoxazole and sulfapyridine. The extent of sulfamethoxazole sorption on selected soils was highest at low pH and decreased with increasing pH. An increase in pH was found to have no significant affect on the sorption of sulfapyradine, while sorption was found to have increased initially and decreased beyond a certain pH value for trimethoprim.
Study on Kinetics and Thermodynamic in Bamboo Charcoal Adsorb Ammonia Nitrogen in Wastewater
Authors: Wei Wen Hui , Liang Mei Na , Zhu Zong Qiang , Qin Hong Dong , Zhu Yi Nian
Published: October 2011

The Kinetics and thermodynamic was studied in ammonia nitrogen adsorption experiment using bamboo charcoal. The results showed that the dynamical data fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The positive value of ΔH° (42.065 kJ/mol) and the apparent activation energy of the reaction of adsorption (20.67 kJ/mol) indicated that adsorption apparent rate constant increased with increasing temperature.
An Improved Non-Formaldehyde Tissue Preservative
Authors: Shi Kai Qi , Shao Shuang Xi , Yin Wei Gang
Published: October 2011

Formalin (formaldehyde solution) is generally used as embalming fluid and tissue fixation agent because of its low price, antiseptic sterilization ability and good application effect and so on. However, the intense excitant odor of the formaldehyde and its volatile cause great harm for human health and working environment. In order to solve the problems caused by formaldehyde, an improved non-formaldehyde tissue preservative is invented. The preservative is a blend of acid, buffer solution and cross-linking agent, which act as mildew preventive, stabilizer and fixative respectively. The improved preservative is characterized and applied on animal and body tissue fixation and preservation. The results show that the improved preservative is a more desirable tissue preservative than formaldehyde not only due to its good mildew proof, low volatile and odor, but also the same preservation and fixation effects as formaldehyde. It will be considered as a real environmental friendly preservative in near future.
Study on the Adsorption of Livestock Wastewater by Bentonite Coated Chitosan
Authors: Shao Hong , Zhang Di
Published: October 2011

The bentonite coated chitosan which was prepared of natural bentonite used as raw material and chitosan used as modifying agent applied in the treatment of livestock wastewater. The optimal preparation conditions were obtained and the removal rate of the ammonia nitrogen and COD were 73.09% and 88.94% respectively which raw concentration were 27520mg/L and 2060mg/L by orthogonal experiment. Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation could describe the adsorption process accurately.
Influence of Carbonization Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Woodooceramics
Authors: Zhou Wei Hong , Yu Yun Shui , Xiong Xue Liang
Published: October 2011

Microstructures of woodceramics were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The effect of carbonization temperature on carbon yield ratio，volume shrinkage ratio and volume electrical resistivity of woodceramics were investigated. The results show that carbonization temperature has a significant effect on the microstructure of woodceramics. The volume shrinkage ratio increases, and the carbon yield ratio and the volume electrical resistivity decrease, as the carbonization temperature increases.
Physiological Response to Zinc Pollution of Rape (Brassica chinensis l) in Paddy Soil Ecosystem
Authors: Yang Hong Fei , Zhang Jie , Li Jian Long
Published: October 2011

The effects of Zn on chlorophyll content and scavenging system of activated oxygen in leaves of rape were evaluated by cultivation experiments. The results showed that external symptoms, physiological and biochemical index and SOD activity were impacted by Zn treatments. The activity of SOD and contents of chlorophyll increased firstly in lower concentration of Zn (200 mg·kg-1), while the velocity of O2•- production and the cell membrane permeability had no marked change, and the balance of proSubscript texttective enzyme system was hold. Those may be regarded as a protecting function of plants. However, with the increase of concentration of Zn, negative effect had existed, the fronds were shorter and smaller, content of leaf pigments and the activity of SOD decreased drastically. The sensibility order of pigments to Zn stress was similarly Chlorophyll a> Chlorophyll a+b >Chlorophyll b. The velocity of O2•- production was increased sharply, the membrane penetration and electric conductivity were increased. Furthermore, the activate oxygen metabolism system of rape (Brassica Chinensis L) was destroyed. The results indicated that Zn stress affected scavenging system of activate oxygen and resulted in the balance of protective enzyme system was broken. The results also suggested that the tolerance limit of rape (Brassica Chinensis L) to zinc was 1000 mg·kg-1.
A Single-Step Synthesis of Rutile TiO2 Dendrite Crystal with Sonication
Authors: Wang Xi Kui , Guo Wei Lin , Wang Chen
Published: October 2011

A single-step sonochemical method to directly prepare rutile nanocrystal TiO2 has been developed. TiO2 nanaoparticles were synthesized by the hydrolysis of TiCl4 in the presence of water and ethanol under ultrasonic irradiationat 70 °C for 3 h. The crystalline forms and crystallite sizes of the produts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis. The TEM images showed the morphology of as-prapared TiO2 was pinnate in shape and the average sizes were ca. 4/12 nm (W/L). The columnar particles were linked together each other at the certain principle, forming the shape like dendrite crystal. The formation mechanism of the dendrite crystal nanocrystalline TiO2 was also discussed.
Effects of MgO and Calcining Temperature on the Structure of Aluminum Titanate Synthesized from Industrial Waste
Authors: Liu Hai Xiao , Zhang Guo Dong , Luo Xu Dong
Published: October 2011

Aluminum titanate has been synthesized by using industrial waste from ferroalloy plant, and titanium white as the main raw materials. The influence of MgO addition and calcining temperature on crystalline structure, micro-morphology and properties of synthesized Aluminum titanate are discussed. The synthesized product was characterized by XRD and SEM, and the crystallinity, cell parameters of crystalline phase are calculated by X' Pert plus software. The experimental result show the crystalline phase Through the research of effect of different concentration of MgO and different of calcining temperature on the crystalline structure of aluminum titanate prepared from industrial waste from ferroalloy plant, the optical concentration of MgO is 1%, and the optical calcining temperature is 1500°C.The grains of main crystalline phase aluminum titanate grow completely with typical orthorhombic feature, the average grain size of No.2 specimen in the micro structures is 10~20um.
Studies on the Preparation and Properties of Sheet Ni-Doped ZnO
Authors: Cao Ling , An Dai Zong , Wang Yan Xin , He Shan Shan , Dong Chuang Ju
Published: October 2011

ZnO is a direct wide band-gap Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductor material. For decades, ZnO has gained more and more attention as a wide band semiconductor. This paper introduced a modified homogeneous precipitation method to prepare sheet Ni-doped ZnO crystal. The preparation process was studied and the mechanism of this method was discussed. The properties of the sheet Ni-doped ZnO crystal and the effects of growth parameters on the quality of sheet Ni-doped ZnO crystal were studied using XTJ30-micro image manipulation system, thermal analysis system, X-ray diffraction. etc.
Biomorphic Ceramics Based on Biological Structures
Authors: Wang Qing , Zhang Ya Hui
Published: October 2011

Biomorphic ceramics is a novel inorganic materials with hierarchical structures derived from natural biological structures. In this paper, the properties of biomorphic materials are described. The preparation technologies of converting biological structures into biomorphic ceramics are summarized. At last the application and prospects of the ceramics in this field also are analyzed.
A Novel Magnetically Separable Photocatalyst Silver Vanadate@ SiO2/Fe3O4
Authors: Nie Long Hui , Meng Ya Peng , Yang Bo Rui , Xiao Zheng Qiang , Fang Lei , Li Shuai Hua
Published: October 2011

A magnetically separable photocatalyst silver vanadates@SiO2/Fe3O4 was prepared by hydrothermal process. The prepared sample was composed of mixed phases of a–Ag3VO4 and Ag4V2O4, and the main phase was a–Ag3VO4. The bandgap of the synthesized sample was 2.2 eV. In the degradation of methyl orange (MO) solution under the visible light (l>420 nm), the silver vanadates@SiO2/Fe3O4 showed high photocatalytic activity in two-cycle photocatalytic test.
Photodegradation of 2-Naphthalenesulfonate in Aqueous Catalyzed by N-Doped TiO2 under Irradiation of Simulated Solarlight
Authors: Liu Guo Qing , Chen Le , Wang Yu Ping , Peng Pan Ying
Published: October 2011

N/TiO2 photocatalyst was synthesized by modified sol–gel method and characterized by XRD, XPS and DRS. The photoactivity of N/TiO2 were evaluated by the degradation of 2-naphthalenesulfonate (2-NS) under different light sources. The results showed that nitrogen doping may cause band gap narrowing of TiO2, and therefore increase the photocatalytivity of N/TiO2 under visible-light. The average particle size of the N/TiO2 synthesized is about 10 nm, and the N/TiO2 contains 100% anatase phase of TiO2. The dopant is found mainly to be NOx and the doping concentration in NT is 1.30%. The NT shows very high efficiency for the catalysis of the degradation of 2-NS. The degradation efficiency of 2-NS using NT under visible light for 5 h is 47.29%, much higher than 2.5% of the pure TiO2.
Effect of Micro-Organism on the Process of Water Storage and Controlled-Release Film’Degradation
Authors: Han Gui Quan , Han Zhao Xiang , Zhang Dong En , Cui Chong , Zhang Zeng Zhi
Published: October 2011

Water Storage and Controlled-release Film (WSCF) is a new kind of polymer composite with the function of releasing water slowly in a given period. Micro-organism culture was carried out to study the process of film’s degradation. The results showed that the degradation rate of WSCF added with fungi suspension was increased by 0.6% more than that of WSCF without fungi suspension. The degradation rate of WSCF added with soil suspension was increased by about 1% more than the film without soil suspension. Compared different culture mediums, the order of degradation rates of WSCF was: bacteria medium > actinomyces medium > fungi medium. The degradation rate of WSCF with field soil suspension was the highest one. The degradation rate of WSCF was higher than ordinary plastic film, increased by 3-5%. The results of tests under liquid culture indicated that mixed bacterium were helpful to the degradation of WSCF, the degradation rate of WSCF under liquid culture was higher than that of soil culture, increased by about 2%.
Research on Influence Factors of Bamboo Charcoal Adsorb Ammonia Nitrogen in Wastewater
Authors: Li Zong Ning , Zhu Zong Qiang , Liang Mei Na , Qin Hong Dong , Zhu Yi Nian
Published: October 2011

The influences of adsorption temperature, adsorption time, dosing quantity, adsorption environment pH value, initial concentration and bamboo charcoal type on adsorption of bamboo charcoal adsorb ammonia nitrogen in wastewater are studied. The result shows that the maximum adsorption values are 1.1715 mg/g and 0.9115 mg/g respectively at 25°C and 40°C. Bamboo charcoal can easily absorb ammonia nitrogen at low temperature condition. 180 min is a suitable adsorption time. Increasing bamboo charcoal dosing quantity is helpful to improve efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen removal in wastewater, but the adsorption capacity is declining as bamboo charcoal dosing quantity increasing. Solution pH value has a great impact on the adsorbed amount, the adsorbed effect in alkaline solution is much better than in acid one’s. The adsorption ability of the moderate temperature bamboo charcoal is higher than the high temperature one’s.
The Removal of Phosphorus in Wastewater by Modified 4A Zeolite
Authors: Zhang Yong Yin , Wang Li Ping , Du Er Deng , Chen Yi Zhong
Published: October 2011

A kind of 4A zeolite, which was modified by magnesium chloride and aluminum chloride, was used to treatment phosphorus wastewater. The effect of several parameters on phosphorus removal was also investigated, including zeolite dosage, pH, phosphorus concentration and the adsorption time. The results showed that, under the conditions of pH 7, the amount of modified 4A zeolite 0.05g, reaction time 15min, room temperature, the removal efficiency of phosphorus with initial concentration 2mg/L reached 98%. The SEM analysis explained that crystalline structure of 4A zeolite has changed after modification, thus resulted in the improvement of adsorption capacity. What’s more, the phosphorus removal mechanism was also discussed.
Preparation of Ag/AgCl/TiO2-XCX Plasmonic Photo-Catalyst with Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Nie Long Hui , Hu Bin , Jiang Jiu Xin
Published: October 2011

A new visible-light-driven plasmonic photocatalyst Ag/AgCl/TiO2-XCX was prepared by a two-step synthesis process. The bandgap of the synthesized sample was 2.87 eV. In the degradation of methyl orange (MO) solution under the visible light (l>420 nm), the Ag/AgCl/TiO2-X CX shows higher photocatalytic activity than TiO2-X C X . The apparent ratio constant (kapp) value of Ag/AgCl/TiO2-XCX was about 9.7 times that TiO2-XCX.
Preparation of Polyaniline–ZnO Photocatalyst and its Photocatalytic Property
Authors: Ma Hong Chao , Zhang Yang , Fu Ying Huan , Yu Chun Ling , Song Yu , Ma Chun , Dong Xiao Li
Published: October 2011

ZnO nanoparticles were modified by polyaniline (PANI) using ‘in situ’ chemical oxidative polymerization method. The morphology, structure, and light absorption properties of PANI-ZnO composites were examined by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV–vis spectra. UV–vis spectra reveal that PANI-ZnO composites showed stronger absorption than neat ZnO under the whole range of visible light. New characteristic peaks were found in PANI-ZnO composites according to the X-ray diffraction patterns after hybridization of PANI and ZnO, which indicating that there was a strong interaction between PANI and ZnO nanoparticles. The resulting PANI-ZnO composites exhibit significantly higher photocatalytic activity than that of neat ZnO for degradation of anthraquinone dye (reactive brilliant blue KN-R) aqueous solution under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm).
Preparation of Polyaniline Supported TiO2 Photocatalyst and its Photocatalytic Property
Authors: Yu Chun Ling , Wu Rui Xue , Fu Ying Huan , Dong Xiao Li , Ma Hong Chao
Published: October 2011

A polyaniline supported titanium dioxide photocatalyst was prepared by an impregnation-hydrothermal process and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy. It was found that the TiO2 nanoparticles were well dispersed on the surface of the polyaniline and the photocatalyst has a stronger absorption compared with that of pure TiO2 over the whole of the visible spectrum. The photocatalyst exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO2 for the photodegradation of solutions of the anthraquinone dye, reactive brilliant blue KN-R, under visible light irradiation.
Microstructures, Growth Mechanism of ZnS Nanomatrials Farbicated by Physical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Gong Jiang Feng , Lan Chang Yong , Zhang Bo , Zhu Wei Hua , Liu Ming Yi
Published: October 2011

In this paper, one-dimensional ZnS nanostructures were fabricated in a conventional tube furnace by physical vapor deposition method using commercial ZnS powder as the starting materials. The morphologies, microstructures of the products were characterized. The results revealed that the products showed different morphology in different deposition temperature area. The growth mechanisms of the products were also discussed. The nanowires and triangular nanosheets formed via a vapor-liquid-solid process, while the nanobelts formed via a vapor-solid process. The key factors which influenced the morphologies of the products were discussed.
Methanol Sensing Properties of Electrospun SnO2 -ZnO Nanofibers
Authors: Wei Shao Hong , Zhou Mei Hua , Du Wei Ping
Published: October 2011

Pure ZnO and SnO2-ZnO nanofibers were synthesized by electrospinning method and characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structure and methanol sensing properties of these fibers were investigated. The results indicate that the 20 wt% SnO2-ZnO sensor exhibits considerable sensitivity, rapid response, and good selectivity against methanol at 200 °C due to the special 1D fibers properties and the promoting effect of SnO2/ZnO heterojunction structure. The methanol sensing mechanism of SnO2 -ZnO nanofibers were also discussed.
The Effect of Water Sources and Treatment Technics on the Urban Water Supply
Authors: Li Song Hu , Li Jie , Dai Dong Sheng
Published: October 2011

The water quality and treatment process of two water plants in Jinan city were studied to evaluate the safety of urban water supply. The water qualities of two water plants were studied investigating the total numbers of colony, turbidity, oxygen consumption, free chlorine, pH, and water temperature. The correlation of the two water plants was all below 0.5 and the max of dissolved oxygen in the raw water of two water plants were 12.46mg/l, 12.31mg/l respectively. These result showed that water quality mainly depend on the raw water and treatment process.