bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PANDANGAN DUNIA JAWA DALAM TAFSIR INDONESIA: MENUSANTARAKAN PENAFSIRAN KLASIK DALAM TAFSIR BERBAHASA JAWA
Authors: Ghozali Mahbub
Published: April 2024

Acculturation between tafseer and tradition in Indonesia, like an aculturation between Islam and culture. The process of acculturation is successful. The dialogue between tradition and tafseer makes both of them not deny each other. However, the study about that, just strengthening the evidence from the results of the analysis about the products of interpretation. As a result, the study about interpretation in Indonesia become a repetitive study and only focuses on interpretation products. The development of an acculturative method that has proven successful, is more essential to provide new methods for interpretation in Indonesia. On these problems, this study aims to find the concept of acculturation in interpretations in Indonesia which makes classical interpretations as a reference. This research uses qualitative methods with literature study techniques. As a tool in analyzing data, this study also uses historical analysis with the approach of al-thâbit wa al-mutaḥawwil and hermeneutics. The study found that the usage of classical interpretation is only used to find the moral ideal of a verse, which is then modified and interpreted according to the Javanese world view of the complex world. To modify this interpretation, Indonesian commentators do so by referring to three principles, namely conservative-reactionary, conservative-argumentative, conservative-reactionary
ISLAM, KEARIFAN LOKAL, KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH; MENAKAR KONSEP ISLAM NUSANTARA
Authors: Husni Zainul Muin , Rahman Iftaqur
Published: April 2024

This paper explains about Nusantara Islam from the correlation between Islam and local culture and then about its relation to dakwah communication therein. This research uses library research, while the existing data is obtained from printed and non-printed books, magazines or articles. Nusantara Islam is an Islamic understanding that was born based on the Nusantara (Indonesian) culture, which later became a characteristic of Islam in Indonesia. Apart from this understanding, Nusantara Islam is defined as a method of da'wah Islam. Da'wah in Islam Nusantara is categorized into Syu'ubiyah Qabailiyah da'wah. The dakwah communication contained in it is illustrated based on three communication functions, namely, the monitoring function, the bridging function, and the value socialization function.
LITERASI AGAMA DALAM MEMPERKUAT PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURALISME DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Kadi Titi
Published: April 2024

This paper analyze the strengthening of religious literacy in strengthening multicultural education in higher education. This is motivated by the diversity in higher education, which is then feared that there will be divisions and acts of violence if multiculturalism education is not built or implemented, considering that students are individuals who are in the adolescent phase towards adulthood with changing emotional levels. This study uses a qualitative approach with library research, where the data analysis uses content analysis. The results showed that religious literacy in this case is a concept that not only means reading, but rather a deep understanding of religion so that it can become a basis for thinking and rationing on behavior. There are several things in strengthening religious literacy, including; 1) use and procurement of supporting media, 2) increase reading interest, 3) existence of student organizations, and 4) culture of discussion.
KONSEP PERNIKAHAN DALAM ISLAM (Studi Fenomenologis Penundaan Pernikahan Di Masa Pandemi)
Authors: Widiyanto Hari
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the concept of marriage in Islam in terms of phenomenological postponement of marriage due to the COVID-19 pandemic, although the law of origin of marriage is sunnah, but when an outbreak occurs in an area, delaying marriage is a noble thing because it complies with government regulations. The purpose of this study was to determine the concept of marriage in Islam and postponement of marriage in Islam due to a pandemic. This study used qualitative methods as well. The data collection process considered the availability of data in the library (Library Research). The data analysis technique used in this study is the content analysis technique. The results of this study are that delaying marriage due to the covid 19 outbreak is a form of interception which, if it continues to be carried out, will have an impact on the spread of the virus. It is also planned to be a very noble decision, because in addition to obeying the government it also helps protect others by reducing the spread of the Covid-19 outbreak because complying with government regulations is mandatory
GERAKAN LITERASI POLITIK PEREMPUAN NAHDLATUL ULAMA DALAM MENYAMBUT PEMILIHAN UMUM 2019-2020
Authors: Syahputra Muhammad Candra
Published: April 2024

Pemilihan umum (Pemilu) is a five-year moment to elect the regional head, legislative, president and vice president as well as a democratic party in Indonesia. As a moment of political contestation in the Pemilu, in its implementasion is is often accompanied by violations committed by pairs of candidates who are contesting the election, such as money politics, politicization of SARA an so on. Nahdlatul Ulama as the largest community organization in Indonesia and even the world, plays an important role in carrying out political literacy in society, Nahdlatul Ulama women who are members of Pimpinan Wilayah Fatayat NU Lampung and Pengurus Koordinator Cabang Korps PMII Puteri Lampung Through political luteracy programs make a positive contribution in welcoming the Pemilu 2019-2020. This study uses qualitative approach, while the data sources were obtained through interviews, observations, documentation and literature related to the topic of discussion. The Nahdlatul Ulama Women’s Political Literacy Movement cooperates with the organizers of the Pemilu namely Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) and Badan Pengawas Pemilu (Bawaslu) as a stakeholder. The Nahdlatul Ulama women through these programs aim to create a dignified democracy and be able to produce leaders who bring positive changes to the region and the country.
PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MULTIKULTURAL BERWAWASAN WASATHIYAH: Penguatan Karakter wasathiyah Santri Patriot Panji Pelopor
Authors: Masykuri Masykuri , Qodriyah Khadijatul , Bz Zakiyah
Published: April 2024

This article describes wasathiyah-minded multicultural Islamic Education: strengthening the character wasathiyah sanytri Patriot panji Pelopor of Pondok Pesantren nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo dormitory. Providing education and understanding about multicultural Islamic education with wasathiyah insight as a strengthening of student character is one of the efforts for students to have multiculturalism and patterned thinking and behave moderation as santri and as citizens in general. The islamic base of wasathiyah orderedtren through the education of multicultural Islamic education is expected to be a character that is rooted in every student of mission / santri and human beings in general, and has a complete awareness in the realm of religious awareness, scientific awareness, public awareness, national and state awareness and organizational awareness. Conceptualized in the trilogy and the awareness of pondok Pesantren Nurul Jadid Probolinggo. This research uses qualitatively described method by data collection using wawanvara, dokuntasi and obsesvasi techniques. This research was carried out in the dormitory of Santri Patriot Panji Pelopor of Pondok pesantren Nurul jadid. This research also describes the process of development of balance, curriculum and scientific transformation process.
PROGAM WALI ASUH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS KONTROL DIRI SANTRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Fitriyah Lailatul , Mas'ula Wahibatul
Published: April 2024

This study presents self-control of Islamic boarding school students who experience a changing cycle starting from small behaviors such as emotions, ghasab, stealing, and even violent behavior and bullying. Foster guardians here become the foundation or role model for students in Islamic boarding schools to control or control themselves so as not to commit a violation (violation) that has become a tradition or habit of students who must exceed the limit. The research method used is a qualitative case study type. This study indicates that the relevance of foster care can be a medicine for students against deviant behavior in Islamic boarding schools. Islamic boarding school students can control themselves from anything, through the Ruhul jihad program is a lecture/motivation, sharing stories/complaints, self-muhasabah is self-introspection, spiritual education is religious education/science. The existence of this program can positively impact both physically and spiritually to take ibroh and understand the regulation of the meaning of pesantren by its provisions so that this will create students who have faith, high-quality souls and are beneficial to society.
URGENSI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BAGI PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI DALAM PANDANGAN ISLAM
Authors: Susanti Salamah Eka
Published: April 2024

Education functions to form good character because good character is the initial capital for humans to realize a prosperous life. This study aims to provide an overview or description of the importance of instilling character education at an early age, especially for teachers and parents. This type of research is bibliographic research or library research. The research method used is descriptive-analytical. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded: Character education in early childhood has four methods of character learning based on values and moral education, namely as follows: 1) learning methods for teaching values; 2) learning models based on the development of moral reasoning; 3) learning models for value analysis; 4) learning models for project citizens. In addition to these four methods, the role of a teacher or parent is vital to inform some daily behavior by the norms, ethics, or rules that have been applied.
Shalawat Nariyah in the Perspective of Hadith: A Study of the Ma'ani Al-Hadith Approach
Authors: Firmansyah Siddik , Rizki Marisa
Published: April 2024

Every Muslim who believes is encouraged to pray to the prophet known as tawassul (intermediary), shalawat nariyah contains praise and prayers to the prophet made by scholars without any teachings in the Hadith and the Koran. The purpose of this study is to see that shalawat nariyah is included in the recommendation of the Islamic religion as exemplified by the prophet or heresy?. The method of analysis used descriptive-comparative. The results showed that tawasul to the prophet and Allah's beloved creatures is allowed, while shalawat nariyah is a category of bid'ah Hashanah which is good because of the contents of shalawat nariyah are prayers and praises to the prophet. The hadith of the prophet showing praise and prayer to the prophet as an intermediary to get closer to Allah is highly recommended and sunnah practice it, with the intention of remaining Allah as a god who must be worshiped so as not to become shirk. The theoretical implications of this research provide a meeting point for shalawat nariyah in the hadith that relying on the prophet is recommended as long as it does not go outside the norms of Islam.
The Relationship of Faith and Tolerance in The Film One Amen Two Faith: Living Qur'an Perspective
Authors: Husna Rifqatul , Zayyadi Ach , Wirendri Dwiki Oktafiana
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to analyze the relationship between faith and tolerance in the film One Amen Two Faith, an example that the relationship between religion and tolerance plays a vital role in this millennial era, by using qualitative research methods that describe in-depth by watching the film by analyzing the sources which will later be analyzed by studying the living Qur'an. The results of the research on the film one amen, two faiths present the closeness of the relationship between religion and tolerance; several thoughts describe mutual respect, respect, and unity in differences, especially differences in beliefs, so that a series of things can be contemplated and learned from. This research implies the importance of implementing Islamic values in interacting with fellow human beings who have different religious, social, and cultural backgrounds to create benefits for all.
Prophetic Leadership for Cultivating Religious Moderation Rooted in Local Wisdom: Charting a Path to Tolerance and Harmony
Authors: Tarman Tarman
Published: April 2024

This research analyzes prophetic leadership in building religious moderation based on local wisdom at MTs Darud Da'wah wal Irsyad, Samarinda. Researchers use a qualitative case study approach, using interviews, observation, and documentation to collect data. Meanwhile, data analysis techniques are carried out through data display, data reduction, and conclusion. The research results show that prophetic leadership in building religious moderation based on local wisdom at MTs Darud Da'wah wal Irsyad, Samarinda, is carried out through prophetic leadership education and training, integration of local wisdom, adaptive curriculum, openness to change. The findings of this research provide implications regarding the importance of developing more structured and focused prophetic leadership education and training programs. Madrasas can design programs that hone leadership skills based on prophetic principles that have been proven effective in building religious moderation.
The Role and Strategy of Mitra Sharia Cooperatives in Promoting MSME Growth
Authors: Fidat Faizatul , Rolianah Wiwik Saidatur
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyze the role and strategy of the MUI Sharia Cooperative in developing MSMEs after partnering with it. The approach used in this study is a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. Information was obtained through direct interviews with informants who act as Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) actors. The research results reveal that the MUI Sharia Cooperative implements an MSME development strategy focusing on products by implementing simple conditions and buying and selling prices that comply with Islamic law. The distribution strategy is carried out by visiting members and grouping them in one area to make it easier for members to access transactions. The promotional strategy is carried out by creating brochures and banners as selling points and attractions. The development of MSMEs after joining the MUI Sharia Cooperative has increased because the more the business develops, the greater the income generated. The role of the MUI Sharia Cooperative in developing MSMEs is realized in providing financing to business actors by demonstrating good quality service performance.
Out-of-pocket expenses and rationing of insulin and diabetes supplies: findings from the 2022 T1International cross-sectional web-based survey
Authors: Souris Katherine Janine , Pfiester Elizabeth , Thieffry Axel , Chen Yanbing , Braune Katarina , Kapil Bhargava Mridula , Samra Ravjot , Gómez Pilar , O'Donnell Shane
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Continue investigating Out-of-Pocket Expenses (OoPEs) and rationing of insulin and diabetes supplies, including impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods

A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in English and advertised by T1International’s global network of patient advocates from May through September 2022. Participants provided monthly OoPEs and rationing frequency for insulin and supplies, impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, and open-ended comments.

Results

In the seven most represented countries, mean monthly OoPEs were highest in the United States, followed by Panama, Canada, and India, and were much lower in the United Kingdom, Germany, and Sweden. OoPEs were highest for participants with partial healthcare coverage, followed by those with no healthcare coverage. The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted access and/or affordability of insulin and/or supplies for over half of participants. Globally, 19.5% reported insulin rationing and 36.6% reported rationing glucose testing supplies. Qualitative analysis of open-ended responses identified themes such as ‘mental health impacts’ and ‘limits to life choices.’

Discussion

High OoPEs lead to rationing of insulin and supplies for many people with T1D globally. Healthcare systems improvements and price reductions of insulin and supplies are needed to ensure adequate, equitable access for all.
Knockdown of Sec16 causes early lethality and defective deposition of the protein Rp30 in the eggshell of the vector Rhodnius prolixus
Authors: Rios Thamara , Bomfim Larissa , Pereira Jéssica , Miranda Kildare , Majerowicz David , Pane Attilio , Ramos Isabela
Published: April 2024

In nearly every species of insect, embryonic development takes place outside of the mother’s body and is entirely dependent on the elements that the mother had previously stored within the eggs. It is well known that the follicle cells (FCs) synthesize the eggshell (chorion) components during the process of choriogenesis, the final step of oogenesis before fertilization. These cells have developed a specialization in the massive production of chorion proteins, which are essential for the protection and survival of the embryo. Here, we investigate the function of Sec16, a protein crucial for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to Golgi traffic, in the oocyte development in the insect Rhodnius prolixus. We discovered that Sec16 is strongly expressed in vitellogenic females’ ovaries, particularly in the choriogenic oocyte and it is mainly associated with the FCs. Silencing of Sec16 by RNAi caused a sharp decline in oviposition rates, F1 viability, and longevity in adult females. In the FCs, genes involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR), the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy were massively upregulated, whereas the mRNAs of Rp30 and Rp45—which code for the two major chorion proteins - were downregulated as a result of Sec16 silencing, indicating general proteostasis disturbance. As a result, the outer surface ultrastructure of Sec16-silenced chorions was altered, with decreased thickness, dityrosine crosslinking, sulfur signals, and lower amounts of the chorion protein Rp30. These findings collectively demonstrate the critical role Sec16 plays in the proper functioning of the FCs, which impacts the synthesis and deposition of particular components of the chorion as well as the overall reproduction of this vector.
Modulation of Campylobacter jejuni adhesion to biotic model surfaces by fungal lectins and protease inhibitors
Authors: Jug Blaž , Šikić Pogačar Maja , Sterniša Meta , Tumpej Tadeja , Karničar Katarina , Turk Dušan , Langerholc Tomaž , Sabotič Jerica , Klančnik Anja
Published: April 2024

Campylobacter jejuni, a Gram-negative bacterium, is one of the most common causes of foodborne illness worldwide. Its adhesion mechanism is mediated by several bacterial factors, including flagellum, protein adhesins, lipooligosaccharides, proteases, and host factors, such as surface glycans on epithelial cells and mucins. Fungal lectins, specialized carbohydrate-binding proteins, can bind to specific glycans on host and bacterial cells and thus influence pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of fungal lectins and protease inhibitors on the adhesion of C. jejuni to model biotic surfaces (mucin, fibronectin, and collagen) and Caco-2 cells as well as the invasion of Caco-2 cells. The lectins Marasmius oreades agglutinin (MOA) and Laccaria bicolor tectonin 2 (Tec2) showed remarkable efficacy in all experiments. In addition, different pre-incubations of lectins with C. jejuni or Caco-2 cells significantly inhibited the ability of C. jejuni to adhere to and invade Caco-2 cells, but to varying degrees. Pre-incubation of Caco-2 cells with selected lectins reduced the number of invasive C. jejuni cells the most, while simultaneous incubation showed the greatest reduction in adherent C. jejuni cells. These results suggest that fungal lectins are a promising tool for the prevention and treatment of C. jejuni infections. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of fungi as a rich reservoir for novel anti-adhesive agents.
Does energy transition policy enhance urban green innovation capabilities?–a quasi-natural experiment based on China’s new energy demonstration city policy
Authors: Jiang Yan , Fan Min , Fan Yaojun
Published: April 2024

As the importance of global climate change and sustainable development issues increases, the enhancement of urban green innovation capabilities is particularly crucial since cities are the main source of energy consumption and carbon emissions. This study focuses on China’s New Energy Demonstration City policy to explore how it influences urban green innovation capabilities. By employing a quasi-natural experimental method, combined with data from 282 Chinese cities from 2007 to 2021, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of the New Energy Demonstration City policy on urban green innovation capabilities. It was found that the policy significantly improves the cities’ green innovation capabilities, and this conclusion remains valid after robustness checks. The study also reveals that technological investment and public environmental awareness are two critical mechanisms through which the New Energy Demonstration City policy affects urban green innovation capabilities. Furthermore, this policy has been found to significantly enhance the green innovation capabilities of neighboring cities through spatial spillover effects. The study also examines the interaction between the national-level Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zone policy and the New Energy Demonstration City policy, discovering that the pilot policy of the national-level Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zone has to some extent promoted the effectiveness of the New Energy Demonstration City policy in driving urban green transformation. This research provides a new perspective for understanding the dynamics of urban green innovation and points the way for future research and policymaking.
Transcription of NOD1 and NOD2 and their interaction with CARD9 and RIPK2 in IFN signaling in a perciform fish, the Chinese perch, Siniperca chuatsi
Authors: Peng Xue Yun , Wang Kai Lun , Li Li , Li Bo , Wu Xiang Yang , Zhang Zhi Wei , Li Nan , Liu Lan Hao , Nie P. , Chen Shan Nan
Published: April 2024

NOD1 and NOD2 as two representative members of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family play important roles in antimicrobial immunity. However, transcription mechanism of nod1 and nod2 and their signal circle are less understood in teleost fish. In this study, with the cloning of card9 and ripk2 in Chinese perch, the interaction between NOD1, NOD2, and CARD9 and RIPK2 were revealed through coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays. The overexpression of NOD1, NOD2, RIPK2 and CARD9 induced significantly the promoter activity of NF-κB, IFNh and IFNc. Furthermore, it was found that nod1 and nod2 were induced by poly(I:C), type I IFNs, RLR and even NOD1/NOD2 themselves through the ISRE site of their proximal promoters. It is thus indicated that nod1 and nod2 can be classified also as ISGs due to the presence of ISRE in their proximal promoter, and their expression can be mechanistically controlled through PRR pathway as well as through IFN signaling in antiviral immune response.
Representations of Chagas disease among Bolivian immigrants in the city of São Paulo
Authors: Silveira Cássio , Forsyth Colin , Junior Nivaldo Carneiro , Goldberg Alejandro , da Silva Lia Maria Britto , da Silva Rubens Antonio , Shikanai-Yasuda Maria Aparecida
Published: April 2024

Background

Transnational immigrants are particularly impacted by neglected diseases, which take a heavy biological, social, and emotional toll in these marginalized communities. Chagas disease has transformed from an exclusively rural to an increasingly urban phenomenon encompassing non-endemic areas in Latin America.

Methods

Through semi-structured interviews, we investigated representations of Chagas disease in Bolivian immigrants in São Paulo, Brazil. Between August and September 2015, 27 adult migrants were interviewed, 11 of them with Chagas disease. We explored problems of access to health services and essential knowledge about the disease, as well as related conceptions and health practices.

Results

Participants constructed social representations of Chagas through interactions with family and social networks, drawing on earlier experiences in Bolivia. Diagnosis often provoked fear, and participants faced barriers to care based on language differences and uncertainties about the disease and treatment options. Healthcare personnel played an important role in alleviating concerns and facilitating access to information.

Discussion

The complex intersection of migration and neglected diseases creates challenges for local and national health programs, requiring innovative responses incorporating the perspectives and needs of the often vulnerable affected communities.
Strongly asymmetric interactions and control regimes in the Barents Sea: a topological food web analysis
Authors: Jordán Ferenc , Capelli Greta , Primicerio Raul , Bodini Antonio
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Increasing temperature of the global ocean alters the spatial behavior of a number of species. From the northern Atlantic Ocean, species may shift their area towards the poles. This results in the atlantification of the Barents Sea, raising questions about possible changes in species composition, community structure and community control.

Methods

We address the question whether possible changes in community control can be detected and quantified based on simple network analytical measures applied to the food web. Based on unweighted (binary) and undirected (symmetric) data, we quantify the strength of direct and indirect interactions in the network, represent the most asymmetric effects in the asymmetry graph composed of directed and weighted links and study the overlap among trophic niches of organisms.

Results and discussion

We support earlier findings suggesting that the ecosystem can possibly be characterized by wasp-waist control. This would mean that focusing management efforts on intermediate trophic levels is of high importance, providing indirect benefit for organisms also at lower and higher trophic levels.
Presenting clinical and imaging features of patients with clinically amyopathic interstitial lung disease associated with myositis-specific autoantibodies
Authors: Tzilas Vasilios , Tzouvelekis Argyrios , Sotiropoulou Vasilina , Panopoulos Stylianos , Bouros Evangelos , Avdoula Eleni , Ryu Jay H. , Bouros Demosthenes
Published: April 2024

Background

Lung involvement in the context of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies has significant impact on outcome; early and accurate diagnosis is important but can be difficult to achieve. In particular, patients without clinically evident muscle involvement pose a significant diagnostic challenge.

Methods

A computer-assisted search was conducted to identify patients with amyopathic interstitial lung disease associated with the presence of myositis-specific autoantibodies. Medical records and chest imaging studies were reviewed to identify clinical and radiologic features at presentation.

Results

Of the 35 patients with amyopathic interstitial lung disease associated with myositis-specific autoantibodies, the median age was 65 years (range 43–78) and 20 were women (57%). Of the patients, 34% had previously visited the rheumatology department. Presenting symptoms consisted of dyspnea (94%), cough (43%), and arthritis (23%). Raynaud phenomenon, “mechanic hands,” Gottron papules, and inspiratory crackles were present in 23, 31, 9, and 74% of patients, respectively. After a detailed history, none of the patients reported muscle weakness, while four (11%) exhibited increased CK levels; of these four, two had a concomitant increase in aldolase levels. Median FVC was 79% predicted (range: 49–135) and median DLco was 50% predicted (range: 17–103). HRCT pattern was suggestive of an alternative to UIP pattern in 31/33 (94%) patients; the most common imaging patterns were NSIP (49%) and NSIP/OP (39%).

Conclusion

In patients with NSIP and NSIP/OP pattern, the presence of amyopathic interstitial lung disease associated with myositis-specific autoantibodies should be considered even in the absence of clinical evident myositis.
Benzyl isothiocyanate ameliorates cognitive function in mice of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Xiaoyu Chang , Hongzhen Zhou , Nan Peng , Tengwei Gao , Yanan Gong , Yan Guo , Haiyan La , Li Ma , Haiya Wu , Yujun Wen , Rui Zhang
Published: April 2024

Objective

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a prevalent refractory partial epilepsy seen in clinical practice, with most cases originating from the hippocampus and being characterized by impaired learning and memory. Oxidative stress plays a direct role in the development of epilepsy and neurodegeneration while promoting cognitive dysfunction. Previous research indicates that benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) has antioxidative stress properties and contributes to neuroprotection. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of BITC on a lithium-pilocarpine-induced temporal lobe epileptic mice model.

Methods

We conducted Intellicage learning tests, Morris water maze, open field test, and step-down-type passive avoidance tests, respectively. In addition, body weight and brain-to-body ratio were calculated. Nissl staining, real-time quantitative PCR detection of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1(NQO1) were performed. Content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were determined.

Results

Our results demonstrate that BITC enhances cognitive function and motor ability in mice, as determined by Intellicage learning tests, Morris water maze, open field test, and step-down-type passive avoidance tests, respectively. Epilepsy leads to the loss of neurons in the CA3 region, while BITC treatment plays a positive role in neuroprotection, especially in the cortex. In comparison to the control group, the EP group exhibited decreased transcription levels of HO-1 and NQO1, alongside reduced GSH-Px activity, while MDA content was elevated. Conversely, the BITC treatment group, when compared to the EP group, showed enhanced transcription levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1, along with increased GSH-Px activity, and a decrease in MDA content.

Conclusion

In summary, our study provides evidence that BITC can improve cognitive impairments in pilocarpine-induced epileptic mice, demonstrating significant antioxidant effects and neuroprotective properties. This highlights its potential as a phytochemical for managing the sequelae of epilepsy.
Multimodal imaging of optic nerve head abnormalities in high myopia
Authors: Hu Ruihan , Wu Qiuyan , Yi Zuohuizi , Chen Changzheng
Published: April 2024

Highly myopic optic nerve head (ONH) abnormalities encompass a series of complications resulting from the stretching of papillary and peripapillary structures during significant axial elongation. The morphological changes in the ONH typically initiate with disk tilting or rotation, progressing to PHOMS and PPA. Tissue defects in each layer manifest as focal lamina cribrosa defects (FLDs), peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitations (PICCs), and acquired pits of the optic nerve (APON). Anterior vitreous/vascular traction and posterior scleral protrusion may lead to prelaminar schisis as well as paravascular cysts and holes, which can potentially develop into retinoschisis. Traditional color fundus photography (CFP) is often insufficient for visualizing most of these lesions, yet their description and quantification benefit significantly from the advancements in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA), complemented by fundus autofluorescence (FAF), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and three-dimensional imaging. The effective diagnosis and classification of ONH abnormalities heavily rely on a comprehensive understanding of their multimodal imaging features, as outlined in this review. These findings provide valuable insights into optic neuropathy in high myopia, establishing a solid foundation for future endeavors in disease monitoring and treatment guidance.
Case report: Cerebrospinal fluid neutrophilic pleocytosis upon intrathecal triamcinolone injection
Authors: Tsaktanis Thanos , Stritzelberger Jenny , To Vi Tuong Daniel , Uhl Martin , Schwab Stefan , Heuss Dieter , Rothhammer Veit
Published: April 2024

Intrathecal corticosteroids, initially employed in the 1950s, faced declining use due to complications like arachnoiditis and aseptic meningitis. Triamcinolone, which is nowadays used as intrathecally applied glucocorticoid formulation, has been shown to beneficially influence spasticity without demonstrable influence on disease activity or progression. We here present the case of a patient with recurrent episodes of aseptic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neutrophilic pleocytosis over a year following intrathecal triamcinolone treatment. CSF analyses revealed a post-injection CSF cytokine profile resembling cytokine release reaction rather than drug hypersensitivity. This case thus highlights a potential side effect of intrathecal triamcinolone injection with yet unclear clinical relevance, underscores the need for further assessment of clinical benefits of intrathecal triamcinolone, and emphasizes potential short and long-term side effects associated with extended intrathecal triamcinolone use.
Circ_0003945: an emerging biomarker and therapeutic target for human diseases
Authors: Zhang Xiaofei , Ma Li , Wan Li , Wang Haoran , Wang Zhaoxia
Published: April 2024

Due to the rapid development of RNA sequencing techniques, a circular non-coding RNA (ncRNA) known as circular RNAs (circRNAs) has gradually come into focus. As a distinguished member of the circRNA family, circ_0003945 has garnered attention for its aberrant expression and biochemical functions in human diseases. Subsequent studies have revealed that circ_0003945 could regulate tumor cells proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and radio resistance through the molecular mechanism of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) during tumorigenesis. The expression of circ_0003945 is frequently associated with some clinical parameters and implies a poorer prognosis in the majority of cancers. In non-malignant conditions, circ_0003945 also holds considerable importance in diseases pathogenesis. This review aims to recapitulate molecular mechanism of circ_0003945 and elucidates its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target in neoplasms and other diseases.
LGR6 is a prognostic biomarker for less differentiated tumors in lymph nodes of colon cancer patients
Authors: Eltorky Hagar , AbdelMageed Manar , Ismail Hager , Zahran Faten , Guirgis Adel , Olsson Lina , Lindmark Gudrun , Hammarström Marie-Louise , Hammarström Sten , Sitohy Basel
Published: April 2024

Introduction

The aim was to investigate whether the stem cell marker LGR6 has prognostic value in colon cancer, alone or in combination with the prognostic biomarkers CEA and CXCL16.

Methods

LGR6 mRNA levels were determined in 370 half lymph nodes of 121 colon cancer patients. Ability to predict relapse after curative surgery was estimated by Kaplan-Meier survival model and Cox regression analyses.

Results

Patients with high LGR6 levels [LGR6(+)] had a decreased mean survival time of 11 months at 5-year follow-up and 47 months at 12-year follow-up, respectively, with hazard ratios of 3.2 and 2.8. LGR6 mRNA analysis added prognostic value to CEA and CXCL16 mRNA analysis. In the poor prognosis groups CEA(+) and CXCL16(+), further division was achieved by LGR6 analysis. LGR6(+) patients had a very poor prognosis. LGR6 also identified a small number of CEA(-), TNM stage I patients who relapsed suggesting stem cell origin of these tumors. LGR6 and LGR5 levels correlated strongly in lymph nodes of stage I and IV patients but not in stage II patients, suggesting that these stem cell markers are differentially regulated.

Conclusion

This study highlights LGR6 as a useful prognostic biomarker independently and in combination with CEA, CXCL16 or LGR5 identifying different risk groups.
Role and mechanism of NCAPD3 in promoting malignant behaviors in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Su-Yun , Luo Qiong , Xiao Li-Rong , Yang Fan , Zhu Jian , Chen Xiang-Qi , Yang Sheng
Published: April 2024

Background:

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the major malignancies threatening human lives and health. Non-SMC condensin II complex subunit D3 (NCAPD3) plays a crucial role in the occurrence of many diseases. However, its role in GC remains unexplored.

Materials and Methods:

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, clinical samples, and cell lines were used to analyze NCAPD3 expression in GC. NCAPD3 was overexpressed and inhibited by lentiviral vectors and the CRISPR/Cas9 system, respectively. The biological functions of NCAPD3 were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Gene microarray, Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) were performed to establish the potential mechanisms.

Results:

NCAPD3 was highly expressed in GC and was associated with a poor prognosis. NCAPD3 upregulation significantly promoted the malignant biological behaviors of gastric cancer cell, while NCAPD3 inhibition exerted a opposite effect. NCAPD3 loss can directly inhibit CCND1 and ESR1 expression to downregulate the expression of downstream targets CDK6 and IRS1 and inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Moreover, NCAPD3 loss activates IRF7 and DDIT3 to regulate apoptosis in gastric cancer cells.

Conclusion:

Our study revealed that NCAPD3 silencing attenuates malignant phenotypes of GC and that it is a potential target for GC treatment.
A driving method for gray scale multiplication of electrowetting display based on hybrid modulation
Authors: Mei Ting , Lin Zhixian , Xie Ziyu , Lin Shanling , Cai Bipeng , Chen Mingzhen , Guo Tailiang
Published: April 2024

In order to solve the problem of low gray level due to the few driving chips developed based on the photoelectric characteristics of electrowetting display, a driving method based on modulation is proposed to double the gray level of electrowetting display. In this method, the driving waveform based on pulse amplitude modulation and pulse width modulation hybrid modulation is designed, and the gray level–luminance curve of the electrowetting display is measured and analyzed. On this basis, the luminance nonlinear correction is carried out, and the improvement of 64 Gy levels to 127 Gy levels is realized by the principle of human visual persistence phenomenon. The experimental results show that the proposed driving scheme can break through the limitation of the driving chip and realize the multiplication of gray levels, in which 96% gray levels increase steadily with an average luminance difference of 0.07, and at the same time enhance the contrast and improve the display effect.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Angelica dahurica and its implications on evolutionary analysis of complex mitochondrial genome architecture in Apiaceae
Authors: Li Yuan-Yuan , Liu You-Yan , Zeng Xu , Wu Ping , Li Qing-Miao , Guo Shun-Xing , Hao Zhi-Gang
Published: April 2024

Angelica dahurica is a kind of Chinese traditional herbs with economic and ornament value, widely distributed in China. Despite its significance, there have been limited comprehensive investigations on the genome of A. dahurica, particularly regarding mitochondrial genomes. To investigate the conversion between mitochondrial genome and chloroplast genome, a complete and circular mitochondrial genome was assembled using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long reads. The mitochondrial genome of A. dahurica had a length of 228,315 base pairs (bp) with 45.06% GC content. The mitochondrial genome encodes 56 genes, including 34 protein-coding genes, 19 tRNA genes and 3 rRNA genes. Moreover, we discovered that 9 homologous large fragments between chloroplast genome and mitochondrial genome based on sequence similarity. This is the first report for A. dahurica mitochondrial genome, which could provide an insight for communication between plastid genome, and also give a reference genome for medicinal plants within the Angelica family.
Aphid alarm pheromone mimicry in transgenic Chrysanthemum morifolium: insights into the potential of (E)-β-farnesene for aphid resistance
Authors: Li Jinjin , Hu Hao , Ren Shengjing , Yu Lu , Luo Yuanyuan , Li Jiawen , Zeng Tuo , Wang Manqun , Wang Caiyun
Published: April 2024

(E)-β-Farnesene (EBF) serves as the primary component of the alarm pheromone used by most aphid pest species. Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) exhibits tissue-specific regulation of EBF accumulation and release, effectively mimicking the aphid alarm signal, deterring aphid attacks while attracting aphid predators. However, cultivated chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), a popular and economically significant flower, is highly vulnerable to aphid infestations. In this study, we investigated the high expression of the pyrethrum EBF synthase (TcEbFS) gene promoter in the flower head and stem, particularly in the parenchyma cells. Subsequently, we introduced the TcEbFS gene, under the control of its native promoter, into cultivated chrysanthemum. This genetic modification led to increased EBF accumulation in the flower stem and young flower bud, which are the most susceptible tissues to aphid attacks. Analysis revealed that aphids feeding on transgenic chrysanthemum exhibited prolonged probing times and extended salivation durations during the phloem phase, indicating that EBF in the cortex cells hindered their host-location behavior. Interestingly, the heightened emission of EBF was only observed in transgenic chrysanthemum flowers after mechanical damage. Furthermore, we explored the potential of this transgenic chrysanthemum for aphid resistance by comparing the spatial distribution and storage of terpene volatiles in different organs and tissues of pyrethrum and chrysanthemum. This study provides valuable insights into future trials aiming for a more accurate replication of alarm pheromone release in plants. It highlights the complexities of utilizing EBF for aphid resistance in cultivated chrysanthemum and calls for further investigations to enhance our understanding of this defense mechanism.
Contrasting patterns of 5S rDNA repeats in European and Asian ecotypes of greater duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza (Lemnaceae)
Authors: Chen Guimin , Stepanenko Anton , Borisjuk Nikolai
Published: April 2024

Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) contains highly conserved, specifically organized sequences encoding ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) separated by variable non-transcribed intergenic spacers (NTSs) and is abundant in eukaryotic genomes. These characteristics make the rDNA an informative molecular target to study genome organization, molecular evolution, and phylogenetics. In this study, we characterized the 5S rDNA repeats in the greater duckweed Spiroldela polyrhiza, a species known for its small size, rapid growth, highly conserved genome organization, and low mutation rate. Sequence analysis of at least 12 individually cloned PCR fragments containing the 5S rDNA units for each of six ecotypes that originated from Europe (Ukraine) and Asia (China) revealed two distinct types of 5S rDNA repeats containing NTSs of different lengths and nucleotide compositions. The shorter 5S rDNA repeat units had a highly homogeneous 400-bp NTS, with few ecotype- or region-specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The longer 5S rDNA units had NTSs of 1056–1084 bp with characteristic intra- and inter-genomic variants due to specific SNPs and insertions/deletions of 4–15-bp DNA elements. We also detected significant variability in the ratio of short/long 5S rDNA variants between ecotypes of S. polyrhiza. The contrasting dynamics of the two types of 5S rDNA units, combined with the unusually low repeat copy number (for plants) in S. polyrhiza (46–220 copies per genome), shows that this species could serve as an excellent model for examining the mechanisms of concerted evolution and functional significance of rDNA variability.
Physiological and developmental disturbances caused by Botryosphaeria dieback in the annual stems of grapevine
Authors: Moret Florian , Jacquens Lucile , Larignon Philippe , Clément Gilles , Coppin Cindy , Noirot Elodie , Courty Pierre-Emmanuel , Fontaine Florence , Adrian Marielle , Trouvelot Sophie
Published: April 2024

Botryosphaeria dieback is a grapevine trunk disease caused by fungi of the Botryosphaeriaceae family, which attacks more specifically the woody tissues. The infection leads to different symptoms including a severe form with a leaf drop as well as premature plant death. Botryosphaeria dieback causes major economic losses, since no effective treatment is yet available. A better understanding is necessary to find solutions to fight this disease. In this study, our objective was to characterize the “leaf drop” form by (1) looking for the presence of pathogens in the basal internodes of stems, (2) quantifying blocked vessels by tylosis and/or gummosis, and (3) describing the impact of the disease on vine physiology (gene expression and metabolome) and development (establishment and functioning of the cambium and phellogen) at the level of xylem and phloem of basal stem internodes. Our study has shown that Botryosphaeriaceae were present in both phloem and xylem of the basal internodes of the annual stem, with xylem vessels obturated. We have also clearly demonstrated that gene expression and metabolite profiles were strongly modified in both xylem and phloem of diseased plants. Differences in stems between healthy (control, C) and diseased (D) plants were low at flowering (vines not yet symptomatic), higher at the onset of symptom expression and still present, although less marked, at full disease expression. qRT-PCR analysis showed in both phloem and xylem an overexpression of genes involved in plant defense, and a repression of genes related to meristematic activity (i.e. vascular cambium and phellogen). Metabolomic analysis showed specific fingerprints in stems of healthy and diseased plants from the onset of symptom expression, with an increase of the level of phytoalexins and mannitol, and a decrease of 1-kestose one. At the structural level, many alterations were observed in internodes, even before the onset of symptoms: a classical obstruction of xylem vessels and, for the first time, a disorganization of the secondary phloem with an obstruction of the sieve plates by callose. The disease modifies the development of both secondary phloem (liber) and phellogen. Altogether, this study combining different approaches allowed to highlight deep vine dysfunction in the internodes at the base of stems, that may explain vine decline due to Botryosphaeria dieback.