bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amlodipine and the Successful Management of Post-Electroconvulsive Therapy Agitation
Authors: Shahriari Ali , Khooshideh Maryam , Sheikh Mahdi
Published: February 2016

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective nonpharmacologic treatment for the management of depression and some other psychiatric disorders. Post-ECT agitation occurs in up to 12% of ECT treatments and is characterized by motor restlessness, irritability, disorientation, and panic-like behaviors. The severity of post-ECT agitation ranges from mild and self-limited to serious and severe forms requiring prompt medical intervention to protect the patient and the medical staff. In severe agitation medical management may be necessary which consists of using sedative agents, either benzodiazepines or propofol. The side-effects of these sedative agents, especially in the elderly population, necessitate finding ways that could help the prevention of the occurrence of agitation after ECT treatments. We report a 68-year-old female with major depression who was referred for ECT. She experienced severe post-ECT agitation requiring medical intervention after all ECT treatments. Administering of oral amlodipine (5 mg) one hour before ECT treatment successfully prevented the occurrence of post-ECT agitation in this patient. We briefly discuss the possible underlying mechanisms and pathophysiology of amlodipine in the prevention of post-ECT agitation.
An Algorithm for Retrieving Precipitable Water Vapor over Land Based on Passive Microwave Satellite Data
Authors: Zhou Fang-Cheng , Song Xiaoning , Leng Pei , Wu Hua , Tang Bo-Hui
Published: February 2016

Precipitable water vapor (PWV) is one of the most variable components of the atmosphere in both space and time. In this study, a passive microwave-based retrieval algorithm for PWV over land without land surface temperature (LST) data was developed. To build the algorithm, two assumptions exist: (1) land surface emissivities (LSE) at two adjacent frequencies are equal and (2) there are simple parameterizations that relate transmittance, atmospheric effective radiating temperature, and PWV. Error analyses were performed using radiosonde sounding observations from Zhangye, China, and CE318 measurements of Dalanzadgad (43°34′37′′N, 104°25′8′′E) and Singapore (1°17′52′′N, 103°46′48′′E) sites from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), respectively. In Zhangye, the algorithm had a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 4.39 mm and a bias of 0.36 mm on cloud-free days, while on cloudy days there was an RMSE of 4.84 mm and a bias of 0.52 mm because of the effect of liquid water in clouds. The validations in Dalanzadgad and Singapore sites showed that the retrieval algorithm had an RMSE of 4.73 mm and a bias of 0.84 mm and the bigger errors appeared when the water vapor was very dry or very moist.
Pathogenesis and Diagnostic Approaches of Avian Infectious Bronchitis
Authors: Bande Faruku , Arshad Siti Suri , Omar Abdul Rahman , Bejo Mohd Hair , Abubakar Muhammad Salisu , Abba Yusuf
Published: February 2016

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is one of the major economically important poultry diseases distributed worldwide. It is caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and affects both galliform and nongalliform birds. Its economic impact includes decreased egg production and poor egg quality in layers, stunted growth, poor carcass weight, and mortality in broiler chickens. Although primarily affecting the respiratory tract, IBV demonstrates a wide range of tissues tropism, including the renal and reproductive systems. Thus, disease outcome may be influenced by the organ or tissue involved as well as pathotypes or strain of the infecting virus. Knowledge on the epidemiology of the prevalent IBV strains in a particular region is therefore important to guide control and preventions. Meanwhile previous diagnostic methods such as serology and virus isolations are less sensitive and time consuming, respectively; current methods, such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), and sequencing, offer highly sensitive, rapid, and accurate diagnostic results, thus enabling the genotyping of new viral strains within the shortest possible time. This review discusses aspects on pathogenesis and diagnostic methods for IBV infection.
Anti‐Inflammatory Therapy Modulates Nrf2‐Keap1 in Kidney from Rats with Diabetes
Authors: Arellano-Buendía Abraham Said , Tostado-González Montserrat , García-Arroyo Fernando Enrique , Cristóbal-García Magdalena , Loredo-Mendoza María Lilia , Tapia Edilia , Sánchez-Lozada Laura-Gabriela , Osorio-Alonso Horacio
Published: February 2016

This study addressed the relationship of proinflammatory cytokines and Nrf2‐Keap1 system in diabetic nephropathy. The experimental groups were control, diabetic, and diabetic treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). The renal function, proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines, oxidative stress, morphology, and nephrin expression were assessed. Diabetic group showed impaired renal function in association with oxidative stress and decreased Nrf2 nuclear translocation. These results were associated with increased mesangial matrix index, interstitial fibrosis, and increased nephrin expression in cortex and urine excretion. Additionally, interleukin‐1β, IL‐6, and transforming growth factor‐β1 were increased in plasma and kidney. MMF treatment conserved renal function, prevented renal structural alterations, and partially prevented the proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines overexpression. Despite that MMF treatment induced nephrin overexpression in renal tissue, preventing its urinary loss. MMF salutary effects were associated with a partial prevention of oxidative stress, increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and conservation of antioxidant enzymes in renal tissue. In conclusion, our results confirm that inflammation is a key factor in the progression of diabetic nephropathy and suggest that treatment with MMF protects the kidney by an antioxidant mechanism, possibly regulated at least in part by the Nrf2/Keap1 system, in addition to its well‐known anti‐inflammatory effects.
Spatial Combination Modeling Framework of Saturation-Excess and Infiltration-Excess Runoff for Semihumid Watersheds
Authors: Huang Pengnian , Li Zhijia , Yao Cheng , Li Qiaoling , Yan Meichun
Published: February 2016

There exist two types of direct runoff generation mechanisms in semihumid watersheds: saturation-excess mechanism and infiltration-excess mechanism. It has always been a difficult problem for event hydrological simulation to distinguish the two types of runoff processes. Based on the concept of dominant runoff processes, combined with GIS and RS techniques, this paper proposed an event-based spatial combination modeling framework and built two spatial combination models (SCMs) accordingly. The CN parameter and topographic index, both of which are widely used in hydrological researches, are adopted by the SCM to divide the entire watershed into infiltration-excess dominated (IED) areas and saturation-excess dominated (SED) areas. Dongwan watershed was taken as an example to test the performances of infiltration-excess model, saturation-excess model, and SCM, respectively. The results of parameter optimization showed that the parameter values and state variables of SCM are much more realistic than those of infiltration-excess model and saturation-excess model. The more accurate the divisions of infiltration-excess and saturation-excess dominated areas, the more realistic the SCM parameter values. The simulation results showed that the performance of SCM was improved in both calibration and validation periods. The framework is useful for flood forecasting in semihumid watersheds.
The Characteristics Variation of Hepatic Progenitors after TGF‐β1‐Induced Transition and EGF‐Induced Reversion
Authors: Wang Ping , Cong Min , Liu Tianhui , Yang Aiting , Sun Guangyong , Zhang Dong , Huang Jian , Sun Shujie , Mao Jia , Ma Hong , Jia Jidong , You Hong
Published: February 2016

Profibrogenesis cytokine, transforming growth factor‐ (TGF‐) β1, induces hepatic progenitors experiencing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) to matrix synthesis cells, even tumor initiating cells. Our previous data found that epidermal growth factor (EGF) blocks and reverses TGF‐β1‐induced transition. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristic changes of hepatic progenitors after TGF‐β1‐induced transition and EGF‐induced reversion. Hepatic oval cells, rat hepatic progenitors, were isolated from rats fed a choline‐deficient diet supplemented with ethionine. TGF‐β1‐containing medium was used for inducing EMT, while EGF‐containing medium was used for reversing EMT. During TGF‐β1‐induced transition and EGF‐induced reversion, hepatic oval cells sustained their progenitor cell marker expression, including α‐fetoprotein, albumin, and cytokeratin‐19. The proliferation ability and differentiation potential of these cells were suppressed by TGF‐β1, while EGF resumed these capacities to the level similar to the control cells. RNA microarray analysis showed that most of the genes with significant changes after TGF‐β1 incubation were recovered by EGF. Signal pathway analysis revealed that TGF‐β1 impaired the pathways of cell cycle and cytochrome P450 detoxification, and EGF reverted TGF‐β1 effects through activating MAPK and PI3K‐Akt pathway. EGF reverses the characteristics impaired by TGF‐β1 in hepatic oval cells, serving as a protective cytokine to hepatic progenitors.
Modeling and Characteristics Analysis for a Buck-Boost Converter in Pseudo-Continuous Conduction Mode Based on Fractional Calculus
Authors: Yang Ningning , Wu Chaojun , Jia Rong , Liu Chongxin
Published: February 2016

In recent days, fractional calculus (FC) has been accepted as a novel modeling tool that can extend the descriptive power of the traditional calculus. Fractional-order descriptiveness can increase the flexibility and degrees of freedom of the model by means of fractional parameters. Based on the fact that real capacitors and inductors are “intrinsic” fractional order, fractional calculus is introduced into the modeling process to establish a fractional-order state-space averaging model of the Buck-Boost converter in pseudo-continuous conduction mode (PCCM). Orders of the model are considered as extra parameters, and these parameters have significant influences on the performance of the model. The inductor current, the inductor current ripple, the amplitude of the output voltage, and the transfer functions of the fractional-order model are all related to orders. The contrast simulation experiments are conducted to investigate the performance of integer-order and fractional-order Buck-Boost converters in PCCM. Results of numerical and circuit simulations demonstrate that the proposed theoretical analysis is effective; the fractional-order model of the Buck-Boost converter in PCCM has certain theoretical and practical significance for modeling and performance analysis of other electrical or electronic equipment.
An Evaluation of Root Phytochemicals Derived from Althea officinalis (Marshmallow) and Astragalus membranaceus as Potential Natural Components of UV Protecting Dermatological Formulations
Authors: Curnow Alison , Owen Sara J.
Published: February 2016

As lifetime exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation has risen, the deleterious effects have also become more apparent. Numerous sunscreen and skincare products have therefore been developed to help reduce the occurrence of sunburn, photoageing, and skin carcinogenesis. This has stimulated research into identifying new natural sources of effective skin protecting compounds. Alkaline single‐cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) was employed to assess aqueous extracts derived from soil or hydroponically glasshouse‐grown roots of Althea officinalis (Marshmallow) and Astragalus membranaceus, compared with commercial, field‐grown roots. Hydroponically grown root extracts from both plant species were found to significantly reduce UVA‐induced DNA damage in cultured human lung and skin fibroblasts, although initial Astragalus experimentation detected some genotoxic effects, indicating that Althea root extracts may be better suited as potential constituents of dermatological formulations. Glasshouse‐grown soil and hydroponic Althea root extracts afforded lung fibroblasts with statistically significant protection against UVA irradiation for a greater period of time than the commercial field‐grown roots. No significant reduction in DNA damage was observed when total ultraviolet irradiation (including UVB) was employed (data not shown), indicating that the extracted phytochemicals predominantly protected against indirect UVA‐induced oxidative stress. Althea phytochemical root extracts may therefore be useful components in dermatological formulations.
Taurine Transporter Gene Expression in Mononuclear Blood Cells of Type 1 Diabetes Patients
Authors: Napoli Zaleida , Seghieri Giuseppe , Bianchi Loria , Anichini Roberto , De Bellis Alessandra , Campesi Ilaria , Carru Ciriaco , Occhioni Stefano , Zinellu Angelo , Franconi Flavia
Published: February 2016

Background. Taurine transporter gene expression (RNA-TauT) has a role in retinal cell function and is modulatedin vitroandin vivoby hyperglycemia and/or oxidative stress. This study was aimed at testing whether RNA-TauT gene expression is modified in blood mononuclear peripheral cells (MPCs) of type 1 diabetic patients, is related to plasma markers of oxidative stress or endothelial dysfunction, or, finally, is related to presence of retinopathy.Methods. RNA-TauT was measured in MPCs by real-time PCR-analysis in 35 type 1 diabetic patients and in 33 age- and sex-matched controls, additionally measuring plasma and cell taurine and markers of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction.Results. RNA-TauT, expressed as2-ΔΔCt, was significantly higher in MPCs of type 1 diabetic patients than in controls [median (interquartile range): 1.32(0.31) versus 1.00(0.15);P=0.01]. In diabetic patients RNA-TauT was related to HbA1c (r=0.42;P=0.01) and inversely to plasma homocysteine (r=-0.39;P=0.02) being additionally significantly higher in MPCs of patients without retinopathy [(n=22); 1.36(0.34)] compared to those with retinopathy [(n=13); 1.16(0.20)], independently from HbA1c or diabetes duration.Conclusions. RNA-TauT gene expression is significantly upregulated in MPCs of type 1 diabetes patients and is related to HbA1c levels and inversely to plasma homocysteine. Finally, in diabetes patients, RNA-TauT upregulation seems to be blunted in patients with retinopathy independently of their metabolic control or longer diabetes duration.
Unusual Presentation of Unilateral Isolated Probable Lyme Optic Neuritis
Authors: Burakgazi Ahmet Z. , Henderson Carl S.
Published: February 2016

Optic neuritis (ON) is one of the most common manifestations of central nervous system involvement caused by various etiologies. Lyme ON is an exceedingly rare ocular manifestation of Lyme disease (LD) and only a few cases have been published in the literature. Lyme ON is very rare but should be included in the differential diagnosis in unexplained cases, particularly in Lyme endemic areas. Careful and detailed examination and investigation are warranted to make the diagnosis. We report this case to increase awareness of clinicians to include Lyme disease in differential diagnosis of ON for unexplained cases of ON. Herein we present a unique case with a unilateral ON caused by LD along with pre- and posttreatment findings and literature review.
Analysis and Identification of Aptamer-Compound Interactions with a Maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy and Nearest Neighbor Algorithm
Authors: Wang ShaoPeng , Zhang Yu-Hang , Lu Jing , Cui Weiren , Hu Jerry , Cai Yu-Dong
Published: February 2016

The development of biochemistry and molecular biology has revealed an increasingly important role of compounds in several biological processes. Like the aptamer-protein interaction, aptamer-compound interaction attracts increasing attention. However, it is time-consuming to select proper aptamers against compounds using traditional methods, such as exponential enrichment. Thus, there is an urgent need to design effective computational methods for searching effective aptamers against compounds. This study attempted to extract important features for aptamer-compound interactions using feature selection methods, such as Maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy, as well as incremental feature selection. Each aptamer-compound pair was represented by properties derived from the aptamer and compound, including frequencies of single nucleotides and dinucleotides for the aptamer, as well as the constitutional, electrostatic, quantum-chemical, and space conformational descriptors of the compounds. As a result, some important features were obtained. To confirm the importance of the obtained features, we further discussed the associations between them and aptamer-compound interactions. Simultaneously, an optimal prediction model based on the nearest neighbor algorithm was built to identify aptamer-compound interactions, which has the potential to be a useful tool for the identification of novel aptamer-compound interactions. The program is available upon the request.
CH4Separation from Coal Bed Methane by Hydrate in the SDS and THF Solution
Authors: Zhao Jianzhong , Zhao Yangsheng , Liang Weiguo
Published: February 2016

Hydrate-based separation experiments on simulate coal bed methane gas have been conducted in THF solution and SDS solution. In this work, a novel hydrate-based gas separation process was used to enhance CH4separation from a 65.7% CH4/20.2% N2/O2gas mixture in the presence of 300 ppm SDS and 19% THF solution. The characteristics of the CH4separation efficiency, fluctuation of temperature, and pressure were studied at different promoter solution. It was found that hydrate formation was induced by promoter in the solution and occurred immediately as the experiments were started. THF performed better than SDS for CH4separation from the CH4/N2/O2gas mixture. In particular, the separation coefficients of CH4and N2were compared in two solutions. The gas mixture S.Fr. or CH4recovery is increased from 1.056 to 1.259 while SF of N2is decreased from 1.183 to 0.634 in THF solution.
G0S2 Suppresses Oncogenic Transformation by Repressing a MYC-Regulated Transcriptional Program
Authors: Yim Christina Y. , Sekula David J. , Hever-Jardine Mary P. , Liu Xi , Warzecha Joshua M. , Tam Janice , Freemantle Sarah J. , Dmitrovsky Ethan , Spinella Michael J.
Published: February 2016

Methylation-mediated silencing of G0–G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) has been detected in a variety of solid tumors, whereas G0S2 induction is associated with remissions in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, implying that G0S2 may possess tumor suppressor activity. In this study, we clearly demonstrate that G0S2 opposes oncogene-induced transformation using G0s2-null immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF). G0s2-null MEFs were readily transformed with HRAS or EGFR treatment compared with wild-type MEFs. Importantly, restoration of G0S2 reversed HRAS-driven transformation. G0S2 is known to regulate fat metabolism by attenuating adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), but repression of oncogene-induced transformation by G0S2 was independent of ATGL inhibition. Gene expression analysis revealed an upregulation of gene signatures associated with transformation, proliferation, and MYC targets in G0s2-null MEFs. RNAi-mediated ablation and pharmacologic inhibition of MYC abrogated oncogene-induced transformation of G0s2-null MEFs. Furthermore, we found that G0S2 was highly expressed in normal breast tissues compared with malignant tissue. Intriguingly, high levels of G0S2 were also associated with a decrease in breast cancer recurrence rates, especially in estrogen receptor–positive subtypes, and overexpression of G0S2 repressed the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro. Taken together, these findings indicate that G0S2 functions as a tumor suppressor in part by opposing MYC activity, prompting further investigation of the mechanisms by which G0S2 silencing mediates MYC-induced oncogenesis in other malignancies. Cancer Res; 76(5); 1204–13. ©2016 AACR.
Pharmacological Inhibition of the Histone Lysine Demethylase KDM1A Suppresses the Growth of Multiple Acute Myeloid Leukemia Subtypes
Authors: McGrath John P. , Williamson Kaylyn E. , Balasubramanian Srividya , Odate Shobu , Arora Shilpi , Hatton Charlie , Edwards Thomas M. , O'Brien Thomas , Magnuson Steven , Stokoe David , Daniels Danette L. , Bryant Barbara M. , Trojer Patrick
Published: February 2016

Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (KDM1A) is a transcriptional coregulator that can function in both the activation and repression of gene expression, depending upon context. KDM1A plays an important role in hematopoiesis and was identified as a dependency factor in leukemia stem cell populations. Therefore, we investigated the consequences of inhibiting KDM1A in a panel of cell lines representing all acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) subtypes using selective, reversible and irreversible KDM1A small-molecule inhibitors. Cell models of AML, CML, and T-ALL were potently affected by KDM1A inhibition, and cells bearing RUNX1-RUNX1T1 (AML1-ETO) translocations were especially among the most sensitive. RNAi-mediated silencing of KDM1A also effectively suppressed growth of RUNX1-RUNX1T1–containing cell lines. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of KDM1A resulted in complete abrogation of tumor growth in an AML xenograft model harboring RUNX1–RUNX1T1 translocations. We unexpectedly found that KDM1A-targeting compounds not only inhibited the catalytic activity of the enzyme, but evicted KDM1A from target genes. Accordingly, compound-mediated KDM1A eviction was associated with elevated levels of local histone H3 lysine 4 dimethylation, and increased target gene expression, which was further accompanied by cellular differentiation and induction of cell death. Finally, our finding that KDM1A inhibitors effectively synergize with multiple conventional as well as candidate anti-AML agents affords a framework for potential future clinical application. Cancer Res; 76(7); 1975–88. ©2016 AACR.
Antagonizing the Hedgehog Pathway with Vismodegib Impairs Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Growth In Vivo by Affecting Stroma
Authors: Meerang Mayura , Bérard Karima , Felley-Bosco Emanuela , Lauk Olivia , Vrugt Bart , Boss Andreas , Kenkel David , Broggini-Tenzer Angela , Stahel Rolf A. , Arni Stephan , Weder Walter , Opitz Isabelle
Published: February 2016

An autocrine-driven upregulation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway has been described in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), in which the ligand, desert Hh (DHH), was produced from tumor cells. However, our investigation revealed that the Hh pathway is activated in both tumor and stroma of MPM tumor specimens and an orthotopic immunocompetent rat MPM model. This was demonstrated by positive immunohistochemical staining of Glioma-associated oncogene 1 (GLI1) and Patched1 (PTCH1) in both tumor and stromal fractions. DHH was predominantly expressed in the tumor fractions. To further investigate the role of the Hh pathway in MPM stroma, we antagonized Hh signaling in the rat model of MPM using a Hh antagonist, vismodegib, (100 mg/kg orally). Daily treatment with vismodegib efficiently downregulated Hh target genes Gli1, Hedgehog Interacting Protein (Hhip), and Ptch1, and caused a significant reduction of tumor volume and tumor growth delay. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that vismodegib treatment primarily downregulated GLI1 and HHIP in the stromal compartment along with a reduced expression of previously described fibroblast Hh-responsive genes such as Fibronectin (Fn1) and Vegfa. Primary cells isolated from the rat model cultured in 3% O2 continued to express Dhh but did not respond to vismodegib in vitro. However, culture supernatant from these cells stimulated Gli1, Ptch1, and Fn1 expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, which was suppressed by vismodegib. Our study provides new evidence regarding the role of Hh signaling in MPM stroma in the maintenance of tumor growth, emphasizing Hh signaling as a treatment target for MPM. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(5); 1095–105. ©2016 AACR.
KLF4 Suppresses Tumor Formation in Genetic and Pharmacological Mouse Models of Colonic Tumorigenesis
Authors: Ghaleb Amr M. , Elkarim Enas A. , Bialkowska Agnieszka B. , Yang Vincent W.
Published: February 2016

The zinc finger transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is frequently downregulated in colorectal cancer. Previous studies showed that KLF4 is a tumor suppressor in the intestinal tract and plays an important role in DNA damage-repair mechanisms. Here, the in vivo effects of Klf4 deletion were examined from the mouse intestinal epithelium (Klf4ΔIS) in a genetic or pharmacological setting of colonic tumorigenesis: ApcMin/+ mutation or carcinogen treatment with azoxymethane (AOM), respectively. Klf4ΔIS/ApcMin/+ mice developed significantly more colonic adenomas with 100% penetrance as compared with ApcMin/+ mice with intact Klf4 (Klf4fl/fl/ApcMin/+). The colonic epithelium of Klf4ΔIS/ApcMin/+ mice showed increased mTOR pathway activity, together with dysregulated epigenetic mechanism as indicated by altered expression of HDAC1 and p300. Colonic adenomas from both genotypes stained positive for γH2AX, indicating DNA double-strand breaks. In Klf4ΔIS/ApcMin/+ mice, this was associated with reduced nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair and homologous recombination repair (HRR) mechanisms as indicated by reduced Ku70 and Rad51 staining, respectively. In a separate model, following treatment with AOM, Klf4ΔIS mice developed significantly more colonic tumors than Klf4fl/fl mice, with more Klf4ΔIS mice harboring K-Ras mutations than Klf4fl/fl mice. Compared with AOM-treated Klf4fl/fl mice, adenomas of treated Klf4ΔIS mice had suppressed NHEJ and HRR mechanisms, as indicated by reduced Ku70 and Rad51 staining. This study highlights the important role of KLF4 in suppressing the development of colonic neoplasia under different tumor-promoting conditions.

Implications: The study demonstrates that KLF4 plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of colorectal neoplasia. Mol Cancer Res; 14(4); 385–96. ©2016 AACR.
Occlusal Caries Management: Preferences among Dentists in Norway
Authors: Kopperud Simen E. , Tveit Anne B. , Opdam Niek J.M. , Espelid Ivar
Published: February 2016

The aim was to measure variations in the threshold for operative treatment of occlusal caries in permanent teeth and the use of dental materials, compared with results from a similar study conducted in Norway in 1995. In 2009, a precoded questionnaire was sent electronically to 3,654 dentists with E-mail addresses in the member register of the Norwegian Dental Association. The questions were related to caries, treatment strategies and choice of dental materials. Replies were obtained from 61.3% respondents after two reminders. Restorative treatment of occlusal lesions confined to enamel was proposed by 12% of the dentists, compared with 18% in 1995 (p < 0.01). Older dentists more often than younger dentists would operatively treat enamel lesions (p < 0.01). Most dentists preferred to drill only the carious part of the fissure rather than the whole fissure both in 2009 (78.8%) and 1995 (68.3%; p < 0.01). In 2009, 91.9% preferred composite as the restorative material of choice, compared to only 39.1% in 1995. Logistic regression analyses identified higher age of the dentist as the only variable significantly associated with higher risk of restoring occlusal enamel lesions operatively. The authors conclude that especially young dentists appear to be more reluctant to remove tooth substance in 2009 compared with 1995. Composite is the dominating material of choice in 2009 and seems to have substituted the use of most other filling materials in occlusal restorations in permanent teeth.
Cytologic and Histologic Features of Pleomorphic Undifferentiated Sarcoma Arising in a Hybrid Hemosiderotic Fibrolipomatous Tumor and Pleomorphic Hyalinizing Angiectatic Tumor: Report of an Unusual Case with a Literature Review
Authors: Morency Elizabeth , Laskin William , Lin Xiaoqi
Published: February 2016

Background: Pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor (PHAT) and hemosiderotic fibrolipomatous tumor (HFLT) are low-grade neoplasms that share clinicopathologic features and recurring translocation t(1;10)(p22;q24) involving the TGFBR3 and MGEA5 genes. Coexistence of these tumors with a high-grade sarcoma is exceedingly rare and the cytologic features have not been widely described in the literature. Case: A 55-year-old female presented with a soft tissue tumor on the dorsum of the foot. Cytologic smears and corresponding core biopsies were composed of a population of markedly pleomorphic spindle cells seen singly and in loose clusters within a myxofibrous matrix and infiltrating fat, with coarse chromatin, prominent nucleoli, irregular nuclear contours and delicate to vacuolated cytoplasm. Intracytoplasmic hemosiderin granules and rare intranuclear cytoplasmic pseudoinclusions were identified. The histologic features of the excisional biopsy mirrored those of the cytologic preparations, but also demonstrated cellular foci of higher-grade sarcoma composed of markedly pleomorphic tumor cells with large vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli, exhibiting a mitotic index of 12 mitotic figures per 10 high-powered fields. Conclusion: While HFLT/PHAT generally can be managed by wide local excision, it is important to be aware of their capacity to harbor higher-grade lesions with metastatic potential which may require more radical surgical excision.
Tonic-Clonic Seizure following Cytoreductive Surgery with Intraperitoneal Oxaliplatin: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Tsukamoto Jessica Sayuri , Belotto de Oliveira Marcos , D'Alpino Peixoto Renata
Published: February 2016

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy (HIPEC) is believed to improve outcomes in well-selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. However, morbidity and mortality rates associated with this procedure are substantial. Here, we describe the case of a previously healthy young man who underwent CRS with hyperthermic IP oxaliplatin and developed one episode of tonic-clonic seizure on the second postoperative day.
Detecting breaks on the long memory: a case about the brazilian unemployment
Authors: Lima Robson Oliveira , Oliveira Jailson Conceição Teixeira de , Silva Murilo Massaru da
Published: February 2016

Este estudo analisou o comportamento dinâmico da taxa de desemprego brasileiro focando no nível de persistência da série. Sendo assim, foram utilizados num primeiro momento modelos de integração fracionária e testes de mudança de persistência da série. Os primeiros resultados exibiram um comportamento não estacionário da série. Contudo, sabendo que o negligenciamento de quebra estrutural pode levar a viés na estimativa do parâmetro fracionário, novas estimativas foram realizadas com os resultados indicando que a taxa de desemprego possui dois diferentes níveis de persistência. No primeiro, a série é não estacionária, enquanto que no segundo, não estacionária, mas com reversão à média.
Nonlinearities in Phillips curve: A semi-parametric approach
Authors: Tristão Tiago Santana , Torrent Hudson Da Silva
Published: February 2016

A relação entre inflação e atividade econômica é um dos principais interesses dos macroeconomistas. Geralmente, o trade-off entre inflação e produto é considerado linear. Mas isso é correto? Caso não seja, qual é a forma da relação não-linear? Para responder a essas perguntas, estimouse a relação inflação-produto semi-parametricamente. Um estimador não paramétrico é utilizado a fim de guiar a escolha de um modelo paramé- trico não linear. A forma funcional encontrada é considerada uma curva de Phillips Novo-Keynesiana Híbrida, estimada via GMM. Aplicou-se a abordagem para o Brasil usando dados de 2002 a 2012. As estimações sugerem uma relação cúbica entre a inflação corrente e o hiato do produto.
Diagnóstico diferencial das mortes por asfixia
Authors: Souza Daniele Zago
Published: February 2016

As mortes por asfixia podem ser causadas por enforcamento, estrangulamento, esganadura, afogamento, sufocação, soterramento ou exposição a atmosferas deficientes em oxigênio. O presente trabalho visa fazer uma revisão dos principais achados perinecroscópicos, necroscópicos, bioquímicos e toxicológicos verificados em casos de morte por asfixia, ressaltando os parâmetros que podem auxiliar no diagnóstico diferencial destes tipos de mortes. Entre os elementos individualizadores dos tipos de asfixia estão lesões cutâneas no pescoço da vítima, nos casos de enforcamento, estrangulamento e esganadura; ferimentos no nariz e boca na sufocação por oclusão dos orifícios respiratórios; fraturas nas costelas, nos casos de sufocação por compressão torácica; corpos estranhos obstruindo as vias respiratórias, nas asfixias aspirativas ou por soterramento; e presença de gases suspeitos nas amostras de sangue e tecidos coletadas do cadáver, somada à atmosfera local compatível, quando o ar é deslocado por gases inertes.
Tendências da vulnerabilidade às infecções pelo HIV e HCV entre internos da FEBEM avaliados em diferentes períodos - 1994 a 1995 e 2000 a 2001
Authors: Strazza Leila , Massad Eduardo , Carvalho Heráclito B.
Published: February 2016

Este estudo faz uma abordagem da condição do menor infrator, internos da FEBEM (Fundação Estadual para o Bem Estar do Menor de São Paulo) e sua situação de risco sob diferentes prismas. Apóia-se em dois estudos homogêneos desenvolvidos em momentos diferentes, onde avaliam a vulnerabilidade do menor infrator à infecção pelo HIV e HCV, nos períodos de 1994 a 1995 e 2000 a 2001.
Autonomia: uma abordagem interdisciplinar
Authors: Sá Luiza Vieira , Oliveira Reinaldo Ayer de
Published: February 2016

A partir do pressuposto de que ser humano não nasce autônomo, mas torna-se autônomo, através de um processo de desenvolvimento bio-psico-social, surge a necessidade de se analisar a autonomia sob o enfoque das ciências sociais, de modo a congregar conceitos e possibilitar a compreensão do todo. Esse texto pretende demonstrar que no seu processo de desenvolvimento biológico, psicológico e social, o ser humano é influenciado por diversas variáveis, que irão, de certa forma, determinar o “grau” de autonomia que ele possui. Essas variáveis não contaminam a sua autonomia, ao contrário, fazem parte dela. Mas, existem outros fatores sócio-econômicos e culturais que influenciam o processo de escolha e tomada de decisão. Estes fatores sim reduzem a autonomia do indivíduo.
Comportamentos apoiadores de supervisores como moderadores do estresse de operadores de teleatendimento
Authors: Garcia Ana Maria , Glina Débora Miriam Raab
Published: February 2016

O Call Center ou central de teleatendimento constitui-se num conjunto de atividades que exige a integração do trabalho das pessoas com dispositivos e equipamentos de alta tecnologia, informática e telecomunicação. Os comportamentos apoiadores dos supervisores envolvem o reconhecimento do valor dos subordinados e a sensibilidade às percepções e reações destes, traduzindo-se em atitudes de apoio e de respeito. Objetivo: identificar que comportamentos dos supervisores funcionavam como moderadores ou protetores em relação ao estresse dos operadores. Metodologia: realizou-se um estudo de caso, com entrevistas semi-estruturadas, aplicação de Inventario de Sintomas de Estresse de Lipp (ISSL), encontro de grupo focal e aplicação de Questionário de Comportamentos Apoiadores. Resultados e discussão: Há, na central: 1 gerente, 4 supervisores e 82 operadores. Dentre eles, 42 apresentaram sintomas de estresse, sendo 3 dos cargos de chefia e 39 operadores. Os comportamentos apoiadores dos supervisores foram considerados em três categorias: apoio ao trabalho, a forma de tratamento e motivação. Os comportamentos apoiadores mais valorizados por todos os operadores foram: transparência no feedback (apoio ao trabalho), disponibilidade de ouvir, tratar com educação, cordialidade e respeito (forma de tratamento), encorajar no desenvolvimento do trabalho e criar um bom clima de trabalho (motivação). Constatou-se que o supervisor que apresenta o maior número de comportamentos apoiadores apresenta o menor número de sintomas de estresse e tem o menor número de subordinados com sintomas de estresse.
Questões éticas referentes à avaliação de risco e ao tratamento de autores de ofensas sexuais no Brasil
Authors: Boer Douglas P. , Baltieri Danilo A. , Andrade Arthur Guerra de
Published: February 2016

Neste artigo discutimos questões éticas associadas ao uso de testes estatísticos desenvolvidos em outros países ou em populações únicas para avaliar autores de abuso sexual no Brasil, que são diferentes das amostras utilizadas no desenvolvimento dos testes. Esta prática é problemática por poder resultar no prolongamento da detenção ou na prematura liberação de um indivíduo perigoso. Outras medidas, tais como diretrizes clínicas estruturadas, podem prover uma solução a curto prazo para o julgamento profissional realizado sem diretrizes, amplamente aplicado, e para a falta de testes baseados e validados na população. Na medida em que medições correntes podem indicar alguma idéia a respeito da necessidade de tratamento, o Brasil está ficando atrasado no que se refere à aplicação do “estado da arte” ao tratamento de autores de abuso sexual, tanto farmacologicamente e psicologicamente. Nós discutimos como estas questões se relacionam e sugerimos alguns meios para solucioná-las.
Uso de álcool por vítimas de morte violenta no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Sinagawa Daniele Mayumi , Godoy Carla Daniele De , Ponce Julio De Carvalho , Andreuccetti Gabriel , Carvalho Débora Gonçalves de , Muñoz Daniel Romero , Leyton Vilma
Published: February 2016

As mortes por causas externas representam um importante fator na perda de anos de vida e atingem principalmente as faixas etárias economicamente ativas da população. Entre os jovens no Brasil, 72% das mortes devemse a causas externas. Sabe-se que muitas delas estão associadas a um consumo nocivo de bebidas alcoólicas. Objetivando dimensionar a atual influência do consumo de álcool na ocorrência de mortes por causas externas, o presente estudo é composto pelo levantamento de dados de 12.926 casos de vítimas fatais de causas externas, necropsiadas entre janeiro e dezembro de 2006 nos postos médico-legais do Estado de São Paulo. Os dados obtidos indicaram uma prevalência de 36,9% de vítimas com resultados positivos para a presença de etanol, com prevalência maior nos acidentes de trânsito (44%). Homens consistentemente apresentaram prevalência e média de alcoolemia maior para todas as causas analisadas. Os resultados do estudo indicam uma preocupante porcentagem de mortes por causa externas associadas ao consumo de álcool no Estado de São Paulo.
Exercício profissional e atividade ilícita em odontologia no Brasil
Authors: Silva Ricardo Henrique Alves da , Sales-Peres Arsenio
Published: February 2016

A atividade ilícita profissional ainda constitui uma preocupação na área odontológica, sendo observada de diversas formas na sociedade. O presente trabalho justifica-se por propiciar à classe odontológica e aos profissionais do Direito, bem como à comunidade em geral, uma melhor visão deste problema, permitindo um melhor posicionamento das autoridades pertinentes. Desta maneira, o estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura abordando os aspectos referentes ao exercício profissional e à atividade ilícita em Odontologia, permeada pela análise das legislações e regulamentações pertinentes.
O impacto do atendimento às vítimas de acidentes de motocicleta na rotina do Pronto Socorro do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo
Authors: Zerbini Talita , Ferreira Mariana Da Silva , Leyton Vilma , Muñoz Daniel Romero
Published: February 2016

Sendo São Paulo uma cidade conhecida pelo seu trânsito caótico e engarrafamentos recordes, noticiados quase diariamente por todos os veículos de comunicação brasileiros, não poderiam deixar de ser registradas centenas de acidentes de trânsito por dia na cidade. Segundo a Associação Brasileira dos Fabricantes de Motocicletas, Ciclomotores, Motonetas, Bicicletas e Similares (ABRACICLO), as vendas de motocicletas nos primeiros nove meses do ano de 2007 foram 27,3% maiores do que as do mesmo período de 2006. Hoje esse mercado é ainda maior e com expectativa de crescimento. Devido à representatividade dos acidentes de trânsito na cidade de São Paulo, analisamos a evolução de todas as vítimas de acidentes de trânsito envolvendo motocicletas (194 pacientes) atendidas no Pronto Socorro do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), no período de 01 de fevereiro de 2006 a 30 de junho de 2007 e identificamos a visão dos médicos responsáveis pelo atendimento do Pronto Socorro da Cirurgia em relação às repercussões geradas pelos acidentes de moto na rotina da sala de emergência.
Contribuição da análise do seio maxilar para a identificação humana
Authors: Musse Jamilly De Oliveira , Marques Jeidson Antônio Morais , Oliveira Rogério Nogueira de
Published: February 2016

Os seios maxilares fornecem subsídios importantes para a identificação forense. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a possibilidade de investigação do sexo e de identificação humana pelos seios maxilares
e propor três métodos de identificação. A amostra contou com 656 radiografias panorâmicas de 328 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, divididos em grupo controle e experimental, segundo a ausência ou presença de perda dentária. Três métodos foram empregados: dois manuais e um computadorizado. Nas técnicas manuais, calculou-se a altura e largura dos seios, em folhas de acetato e avaliou-se a morfologia destes por quadrantes. Na computadorizada, foi calculada a área, perímetro e fator de forma, através do programa IMAGELAB 2000®. Em seguida, realizou-se a análise estatística e comparativa dos dados. A morfologia e as mensurações dos seios podem ser utilizadas para estimativa do sexo e identificação humana individual. A análise dos seios maxilares associada a outras evidências é passível de ser empregada nos Institutos Médico-Legais, podendo contribuir nos casos de identificação humana.
Trânsito como fator estressor para os trabalhadores
Authors: Zerbini Talita , Ridolfi Adriana De Almeida Campos , Silva Ana Cláudia Camargo Gonçalves da , Rocha Lys Esther
Published: February 2016

Contexto: Segundo dados do IBGE (2007), São Paulo tem cerca de 5 milhões de veículos e os
congestionamentos de trânsito constituem fatos corriqueiros. O stress afeta o motorista em três níveis diferentes: afetivo, cognitivo e físico. Objetivo: Verificar se os indivíduos que necessitam de maior atenção no trânsito (motoristas) ficam mais estressados do que aqueles que enfrentam o trânsito passivamente como passageiros. Metodologia: Estudo Observacional Transversal com 39 (3,9%) dos trabalhadores ativos de uma Empresa de Sistemas Automotivos da Grande São Paulo com 1000 funcionários. Os dados foram colhidos por meio de dois questionários, sendo o primeiro relacionado a questões gerais sobre o trânsito e o segundo, a aplicação da LSS (lista de sintomas de stress). Resultados e discussão: A maioria dos funcionários é do sexo feminino, tem idade superior a 30 anos e ganha entre R$ 415,0 e R$1.245,0 por mês. A maioria utiliza apenas um meio de transporte para se deslocar para o trabalho, o ônibus fretado. Dentre os entrevistados, os que utilizavam este meio eram os que despendiam menor tempo total no deslocamento para o trabalho. A maioria dos funcionários da área administrativa, de maior faixa salarial, atribuiu uma nota superior a 5 (em escala de 0 a 10) ao stress causado pelo trânsito, em contraste aos da área de produção. Conclusão: Na amostra estudada o tempo de deslocamento para o trabalho depende primordialmente do tipo de transporte utilizado pelo trabalhador, sendo o carro o principal responsável pelo maior stress dos funcionários.
Morte por envenenamento através da administração da insulina: uma revisão
Authors: Biancalana Marcos Moraes , Zerbini Talita
Published: February 2016

A hipoglicemia como causa de morte criminosa é rara e de diagnóstico difícil. O objetivo desta
revisão é alertar os envolvidos na investigação criminal para identificar a possibilidade de a hipoglicemia ser provocada de forma criminosa bem como discutir os procedimentos periciais relacionados a ela. A presente revisão encontrou 69 casos da literatura mundial, sendo a maioria dos criminosos parentes próximos, com alguma noção sobre a utilização de insulina, e a maioria das vitimas sobreviveram quando descobertas e responderam ao tratamento. As vítimas, na sua maioria, eram crianças, idosos ou enfermos. Hipoglicemia é o primeiro indício do uso homicida da insulina em indivíduos vivos e requer a demonstração da concentração da insulina plasmática maior que 1000 pmol/L e níveis indetectáveis de peptídeo C plasmático para estabelecer o diagnóstico. Medidas de glicose plasmática são de pouco valor quando a vitima é encontrada morta. Imunoensaios disponíveis para uso clínico para detectar e mensurar insulina e peptídeo C podem ter erros analíticos e não podem ser considerados confiáveis, a menos que precauções especiais, incluindo separação por gel de filtração ou cromatografia líquida de alta pressão, sejam adotadas previamente à análise. Se forem identificadas marcas de injeção, o médico legista deve remover uma área de tecido adjacente e encaminhar para análise imunohistológica. O legista também deve solicitar dosagem de sulfoniluréia por espectrometria de massa em amostras de sangue e urina para afastar a possibilidade do emprego deste agente, que pode mascarar o quadro laboratorial.
Jurisprudência na cobrança de honorários profissionais em odontologia nos estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais
Authors: Motta Márcia Vieira da , Muñoz Daniel Romero , Fontana-Rosa Julio Cesar , Piacsek Monica Vieira da Motta , Silva Moacyr Da , Paula Fernando Jorge De
Published: February 2016

A cobrança em odontologia tem sofrido alterações ao longo dos anos, e hoje coexistem diversos tipos de contraprestação para a atividade laborativa, como salários, proventos, soldos, gratificações e honorários. Os autores fizeram levantamento das jurisprudências de cobrança de honorários envolvendo cirurgiões dentistas nos tribunais de São Paulo e Minas Gerais, via
Internet , e avaliaram os principais aspectos considerados pelo órgão julgador na decisão da lide. As jurisprudências abrangeram, em sua maioria, casos de reabilitação oral, implantes e ortodontia. A documentação odontológica mostrou-se fundamental para a proposição das ações pelos profissionais, sendo que a falta de indicação de participação do paciente nos registros imprimiram fragilidade na alegação do profissional em juízo. O tempo para prescrição das ações desta natureza sofreu alteração com a vigência do novo Código Civil, sendo hoje de 5 anos. Ainda foi observado o entendimento da reabilitação protética como uma atividade com finalidade estética e não reabilitadora funcional, limitada por fatores biológicos. Falhas básicas como a celebração de contratos com menores e falta de orientação quanto a orçamentos multidisciplinares também foram encontradas.