bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel nonequilibrium steady states in multiple emulsions
Authors: Tiribocchi A. , Montessori A. , Aime S. , Milani M. , Lauricella M. , Succi S. , Weitz D.
Published: January 2020

We numerically investigate the rheological response of a noncoalescing multiple emulsion under a symmetric shear flow. We find that the dynamics significantly depends on the magnitude of the shear rate and on the number of the encapsulated droplets, two key parameters whose control is fundamental to accurately select the resulting nonequilibrium steady states. The double emulsion, for instance, attains a static steady state in which the external droplet stretches under flow and achieves an elliptical shape (closely resembling the one observed in a sheared isolated fluid droplet), while the internal one remains essentially unaffected. Novel nonequilibrium steady states arise in a multiple emulsion. Under low/moderate shear rates, for instance, the encapsulated droplets display a nontrivial planetarylike motion that considerably affects the shape of the external droplet. Some features of this dynamic behavior are partially captured by the Taylor deformation parameter and the stress tensor. Besides a theoretical interest on its own, our results can potentially stimulate further experiments, as most of the predictions could be tested in the lab by monitoring droplets’ shapes and position over time.
Fractional-order electric double-layer capacitors with tunable low-frequency impedance phase angle and energy storage capabilities
Authors: Allagui Anis , Alnaqbi Halima , Elwakil Ahmed S. , Said Zafar , Hachicha Ahmed A. , Wang Chunlei , Abdelkareem Mohammad A.
Published: January 2020

In this study, we report the electrical response of two sets of solid-state fractional-order electrochemical capacitors for which the low-frequency impedance phase angle can be tuned from −69° to −7°. The configuration makes use of a gel electrolyte in which carbonaceous additives (graphite or reduced graphene oxide) are dispersed at different proportions. Such a disordered electrolyte structure results in subdiffusive charge transport and thus a frequency dispersive capacitive-resistive behavior typical of a constant phase element, which can be useful for both frequency applications and energy storage purposes.
Transforming high-dimensional potential energy surfaces into a canonical polyadic decomposition using Monte Carlo methods
Authors: Schröder Markus
Published: January 2020

A Monte Carlo method is proposed for transforming high-dimensional potential energy surfaces evaluated on discrete grid points into a sum-of-products form, more precisely into a Canonical Polyadic Decomposition form. To this end, a modified existing ansatz based on the alternating least squares method is used, in which numerically exact integrals are replaced with Monte Carlo integrals. This largely reduces the numerical cost by avoiding the evaluation of the potential on all grid points and allows the treatment of surfaces with many degrees of freedom. Calculations on the 15D potential of the protonated water dimer (Zundel cation) in a sum-of-products form are presented and compared to the results obtained in a previous work [M. Schröder and H.-D. Meyer, J. Chem. Phys. 147, 064105 (2017)], where a sum-of-products form of the potential was obtained in the Tucker format.
Bioderivatization as a concept for renewable production of chemicals that are toxic or poorly soluble in the liquid phase
Authors: Sattayawat Pachara , Yunus Ian Sofian , Jones Patrik R.
Published: January 2020

Significance

Microorganisms can be rationally engineered to convert CO
2
and H
2
O into chemicals, replacing those made from fossil fuels today. Sometimes such chemicals are poorly soluble in water or negatively affect the growth of the microorganism, resulting in cost-inefficient manufacturing. In nature, this problem is often solved by converting incompatible chemicals into those more compatible with the host and/or environment. Inspired by this, we propose a similar strategy for engineered biotechnology, whereby biochemical conversion inside the microorganism is followed by chemical reversal once outside. The principle was demonstrated with 1-octanol by implementing two different conversion methods in two different species, showing enhanced bioproduction in most cases. The approach may stimulate commercialization of sustainable and renewable production of chemicals.
Designing cyclic competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) analogs with pan-group quorum-sensing inhibition activity in
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Yang Yifang , Lin Jingjun , Harrington Anthony , Cornilescu Gabriel , Lau Gee W. , Tal-Gan Yftah
Published: January 2020

Streptococcus pneumoniae
is an opportunistic human pathogen that utilizes the competence regulon, a quorum-sensing circuitry, to acquire antibiotic resistance genes and initiate its attack on the human host. Interception of the competence regulon can therefore be utilized to study
S. pneumoniae
cell−cell communication and behavioral changes, as well as attenuate
S. pneumoniae
infectivity. Herein we report the design and synthesis of cyclic dominant negative competence-stimulating peptide (dnCSP) analogs capable of intercepting the competence regulon in both
S. pneumoniae
specificity groups with activities at the low nanomolar range. Structural analysis of lead analogs provided important insights as to the molecular mechanism that drives CSP receptor binding and revealed that the pan-group cyclic CSPs exhibit a chimeric hydrophobic patch conformation that resembles the hydrophobic patches required for both ComD1 and ComD2 binding. Moreover, the lead cyclic dnCSP, CSP1-E1A-cyc(Dap6E10), was found to possess superior pharmacological properties, including improved resistance to enzymatic degradation, while remaining nontoxic. Lastly, CSP1-E1A-cyc(Dap6E10) was capable of attenuating mouse mortality during acute pneumonia caused by both group 1 and group 2
S. pneumoniae
strains. This cyclic pan-group dnCSP is therefore a promising drug lead scaffold against
S. pneumoniae
infections that could be administered individually or utilized in combination therapy to augment the effects of current antimicrobial agents.
A unified machine-learning protocol for asymmetric catalysis as a proof of concept demonstration using asymmetric hydrogenation
Authors: Singh Sukriti , Pareek Monika , Changotra Avtar , Banerjee Sayan , Bhaskararao Bangaru , Balamurugan P. , Sunoj Raghavan B.
Published: January 2020

Design of asymmetric catalysts generally involves time- and resource-intensive heuristic endeavors. In view of the steady increase in interest toward efficient catalytic asymmetric reactions and the rapid growth in the field of machine learning (ML) in recent years, we envisaged dovetailing these two important domains. We selected a set of quantum chemically derived molecular descriptors from five different asymmetric binaphthyl-derived catalyst families with the propensity to impact the enantioselectivity of asymmetric hydrogenation of alkenes and imines. The predictive power of the random forest (RF) built using the molecular parameters of a set of 368 substrate–catalyst combinations is found to be impressive, with a root-mean-square error (rmse) in the predicted enantiomeric excess (%
ee
) of about 8.4 ± 1.8 compared to the experimentally known values. The accuracy of RF is found to be superior to other ML methods such as convolutional neural network, decision tree, and eXtreme gradient boosting as well as stepwise linear regression. The proposed method is expected to provide a leap forward in the design of catalysts for asymmetric transformations.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of precipitation-hardened cast high-entropy superalloys
Authors: Zhang Lu , Huo Xiaofeng , Jin Xi , Li Bangsheng
Published: January 2020

Recent studies indicated that precipitation-hardened high-entropy alloys (HEAs) possess outstanding properties. It is difficult to obtain substantial precipitated particles for HEAs at the as-cast condition. In this paper, cast precipitation-hardened high-entropy superalloys (HESAs) Ni48− xCo18Cr10.5Fe9.3Al9.7Ti4.5Mo x (at.-%, x = 1, 2, 3) were designed and prepared. All HESAs possess a high-entropy matrix and a fine γ′ particles structure. HESAs have higher ultimate tensile strength and elongation at room temperature than conventional Ni-based superalloys and close yield strength. All HESAs possess high compressive strength at elevated temperature. At 850 °C, the strengths of all alloys are higher than 800 MPa. Solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening were discussed. Precipitation strengthening has the greatest contribution to yield strength.
Effects of Al content on the high-temperature mechanical properties of Al-TRIP steel
Authors: Cui Heng , Chen Dayu , Zhang KaiTian
Published: January 2020

As-cast transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steels with two different aluminium contents (2.80 and 6.75 wt-%) were subjected to investigate the effect of aluminium content on the tensile strength and hot ductility. As the Al content increases from 2.80 to 6.75 wt-%, the third brittle zone of the steel is shifted from 950–750°C to 800–750°C. The 6.75 wt-% Al-TRIP steel is a typical δ-TRIP steel that contains 44.5 wt-% δ-ferrite compared with no δ-ferrite in the 2.80 wt-% Al-TRIP steel. The solidification behaviour of these two types of TRIP steel was compared by calculating equilibrium phase diagrams. The 6.75 wt-% Al-TRIP steel was found to have better ductility than the 2.80 wt-% Al-TRIP steel below 1100°C.
Neuronal Epac1 mediates retinal neurodegeneration in mouse models of ocular hypertension
Authors: Liu Wei , Ha Yonju , Xia Fan , Zhu Shuang , Li Yi , Shi Shuizhen , Mei Fang C. , Merkley Kevin , Vizzeri Gianmarco , Motamedi Massoud , Cheng Xiaodong , Liu Hua , Zhang Wenbo
Published: January 2020

Progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) leads to irreversible visual deficits in glaucoma. Here, we found that the level of cyclic AMP and the activity and expression of its mediator Epac1 were increased in retinas of two mouse models of ocular hypertension. Genetic depletion of Epac1 significantly attenuated ocular hypertension–induced detrimental effects in the retina, including vascular inflammation, neuronal apoptosis and necroptosis, thinning of ganglion cell complex layer, RGC loss, and retinal neuronal dysfunction. With bone marrow transplantation and various Epac1 conditional knockout mice, we further demonstrated that Epac1 in retinal neuronal cells (especially RGCs) was responsible for their death. Consistently, pharmacologic inhibition of Epac activity prevented RGC loss. Moreover, in vitro study on primary RGCs showed that Epac1 activation was sufficient to induce RGC death, which was mechanistically mediated by CaMKII activation. Taken together, these findings indicate that neuronal Epac1 plays a critical role in retinal neurodegeneration and suggest that Epac1 could be considered a target for neuroprotection in glaucoma.
Dynamics of human monocytes and airway macrophages during healthy aging and after transplant
Authors: Byrne Adam J. , Powell Joseph E. , O’Sullivan Brendan J. , Ogger Patricia P. , Hoffland Ashley , Cook James , Bonner Katie L. , Hewitt Richard J. , Wolf Simone , Ghai Poonam , Walker Simone A. , Lukowski Samuel W. , Molyneaux Philip L. , Saglani Sejal , Chambers Daniel C. , Maher Toby M. , Lloyd Clare M.
Published: January 2020

The ontogeny of airway macrophages (AMs) in human lung and their contribution to disease are poorly mapped out. In mice, aging is associated with an increasing proportion of peripherally, as opposed to perinatally derived AMs. We sought to understand AM ontogeny in human lung during healthy aging and after transplant. We characterized monocyte/macrophage populations from the peripheral blood and airways of healthy volunteers across infancy/childhood (2–12 yr), maturity (20–50 yr), and older adulthood (>50 yr). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on airway inflammatory cells isolated from sex-mismatched lung transplant recipients. During healthy aging, the proportions of blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) classical monocytes peak in adulthood and decline in older adults. scRNA-seq of BAL cells from lung transplant recipients indicates that after transplant, the majority of AMs are recipient derived. These data show that during aging, the peripheral monocyte phenotype is consistent with that found in the airways and, furthermore, that the majority of human AMs after transplant are derived from circulating monocytes.
Dynamics analysis of chaotic maps: From perspective on parameter estimation by meta-heuristic algorithm*
Authors: Peng Yue-Xi , Sun Ke-Hui , He Shao-Bo
Published: January 2020

Chaotic encryption is one of hot topics in cryptography, which has received increasing attention. Among many encryption methods, chaotic map is employed as an important source of pseudo-random numbers (PRNS). Although the randomness and the butterfly effect of chaotic map make the generated sequence look very confused, its essence is still the deterministic behavior generated by a set of deterministic parameters. Therefore, the unceasing improved parameter estimation technology becomes one of potential threats for chaotic encryption, enhancing the attacking effect of the deciphering methods. In this paper, for better analyzing the cryptography, we focus on investigating the condition of chaotic maps to resist parameter estimation. An improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm is introduced as the estimation method. Furthermore, a new piecewise principle is proposed for increasing estimation precision. Detailed experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the new estimation principle, and some new requirements are summarized for a secure chaotic encryption system.
Geometric phase of an open double-quantum-dot system detected by a quantum point contact*
Authors: Du Qian , Lan Kang , Zhang Yan-Hui , Jiang Lu-Jing
Published: January 2020

We study theoretically the geometric phase of a double-quantum-dot (DQD) system measured by a quantum point contact (QPC) in the pure dephasing and dissipative environments, respectively. The results show that in these two environments, the coupling strength between the quantum dots has an enhanced impact on the geometric phase during a quasiperiod. This is due to the fact that the expansion of the width of the tunneling channel connecting the two quantum dots accelerates the oscillations of the electron between the quantum dots and makes the length of the evolution path longer. In addition, there is a notable near-zero region in the geometric phase because the stronger coupling between the system and the QPC freezes the electron in one quantum dot and the solid angle enclosed by the evolution path is approximately zero, which is associated with the quantum Zeno effect. For the pure dephasing environment, the geometric phase is suppressed as the dephasing rate increases which is caused only by the phase damping of the system. In the dissipative environment, the geometric phase is reduced with the increase of the relaxation rate which results from both the energy dissipation and phase damping of the system. Our results are helpful for using the geometric phase to construct the fault-tolerant quantum devices based on quantum dot systems in quantum information.
Role of remote Coulomb scattering on the hole mobility at cryogenic temperatures in SOI p-MOSFETs*
Authors: Zhang Xian-Le , Chang Peng-Ying , Du Gang , Liu Xiao-Yan
Published: January 2020

The impacts of remote Coulomb scattering (RCS) on hole mobility in ultra-thin body silicon-on-insulator (UTB SOI) p-MOSFETs at cryogenic temperatures are investigated. The physical models including phonon scattering, surface roughness scattering, and remote Coulomb scatterings are considered, and the results are verified by the experimental results at different temperatures for both bulk (from 300 K to 30 K) and UTB SOI (300 K and 25 K) p-MOSFETs. The impacts of the interfacial trap charges at both front and bottom interfaces on the hole mobility are mainly evaluated for the UTB SOI p-MOSFETs at liquid helium temperature (4.2 K). The results reveal that as the temperature decreases, the RCS due to the interfacial trap charges plays an important role in the hole mobility.
An Yb-fiber frequency comb phase-locked to microwave standard and optical reference*
Authors: Wang Hui-Bo , Han Hai-Nian , Zhang Zi-Yue , Shao Xiao-Dong , Zhu Jiang-Feng , Wei Zhi-Yi
Published: January 2020

We present a fully stabilized Yb-fiber frequency comb locked to a microwave standard and an optical reference separately. The carrier-envelope offset frequency is generated by a standard f –2f interferometer with 40 dB signal-to-noise ratio. The offset frequency and the repetition rate are stabilized simultaneously to the radio frequency reference for more than 30 hours, and the fractional Allan deviation of the comb is the same as the microwave standard of 10−12 at 1 s. Alternatively, the comb is locked to an ultra-stable optical reference at 972 nm using an intracavity electro-optic modulator, exhibiting a residual integrated phase noise of 458 mrad (1 Hz–10 MHz) and an in-loop tracking stability of 1.77 × 10−18 at 1 s, which is significantly raised by six orders comparing to the case locked to the microwave frequency standard.
The effectiveness of the student worksheet with PhET simulation used scaffolding question prompt
Authors: Mahtari S , Wati M , Hartini S , Misbah M , Dewantara D
Published: January 2020

This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of student worksheets with PhET simulation using scaffolding question prompt based on student learning outcomes. The experimental design used was one group pretest-posttest design. The samples of the research were 54 students of Elementary School Teacher Education Department who take the Natural Sciences Study 2. The effectiveness of the student worksheet is viewed from the results of student cognitive learning, using learning outcomes tests. The technique of analyzing data used N-gain. Based on the results of the study obtained an increase in learning outcomes reached 0.48, which was categorized in the medium category. The conclusion is that student worksheets with PhET simulation used scaffolding question prompts are effective in improving student learning outcomes.
Scaffolding process based on students diagnostic difficulties in proving group problems by using mathematics mapping
Authors: Warli  , Cintamulya I , Rahayu P
Published: January 2020

This study aims to describe the scaffolding process based on the diagnostic difficulties of students in proving group problems using mathematics mapping. To achieve that goal, an exploratory qualitative study was conducted, with the subject of research being Mathematics Education Students at Universitas PRGI Ronggolawe Tuban. The scaffolding process refers to the level of scaffolding developed by [19], namely explaining, reviewing and restructuring, and developing conceptual thinking. The diagnostic difficulties in proving group problems are reviewed based on the first step of the proof, the path of proof, related concepts, arguments, key expressions, and proof languages. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that: 1) Difficulties found in the initial stages of proof, and the flow of proof, scaffolding provided is explaining, reviewing, and restructuring; 2) Difficulties in related concepts and proof arguments, the scaffolding provided is explaining, reviewing, restructuring, developing conceptual thinking, and making connections; 3) Difficulties in key expressions, the scaffolding provided is reviewing, restructuring; 4) Difficulties in the language of proof, the scaffolding can be given by using a review.
Computer support collaborative learning-retrosynthetic analysis model to improve students’ problem solving ability
Authors: Syahmani  , Leny  , Iriani Rilia
Published: January 2020

Problems encountered are too difficult for students to understand organic chemistry, including stereochemistry, organic reaction synthesis. So, we need a way to overcome this problem in order to increase the quality of learning processes through the implementation of the multimodel Computer Support Collaboration Learning-Retrosynthetic Analysis (multimodel CSCL-RA) in organic chemistry. This study is action research with descriptive qualitative approach with students of Organic Chemistry III in Chemical Education Program, ULM. Thirty pair dyads of students participated in a problem task. The instrument of research was in the form of problem-solving ability and cognition test instrument, observation sheet of teacher and student activity. Data were analyzed using percentage of students’ problem-solving ability and achievement. The results showed that the implementation of CSCL-RA multimodel in organic chemistry increased the quality of learning with indicators of increasing students’ problem-solving abilities and learning outcomes. The implication for future research could provide further: (1) students’ interactions in CSCL, (2) CSCL with metacognitive training in problem-solving.
Effect of scientific critical thinking model to train critical thinking skills and student self efficacy
Authors: Rusmansyah  , Yuanita L , Ibrahim M , Isnawati  , Rizkiana F , Kusuma A E
Published: January 2020

The Scientific Critical Thinking (SCT) model is a learning model developed to train critical thinking skills and student self-efficacy. This study aims to analyze the effect of the SCT model in improving critical thinking skills and the self-efficacy of Primary School Teacher Study Program students. This study used quasi-experimental research with the design of one group pre-test and post-test. The research subjects were one hundred and eight students of the Primary School Teacher Study Program from three classes of the Lambung Mangkurat University. Data was collected through tests of Critical Thinking Skills, questionnaires about student self-efficacy, and in-depth interviews. The collected data was analyzed using paired t-test / Wilcoxon test and n-gain. The results of the research on class D, class E, and class F indicate that the sig value is obtained. (2-tailed) critical thinking skills are 0.00 (p = <0.05) and n-gain is class D 0.77, class E 0.77 and class F 0.77 show that it is important in high criteria. In addition, sig is obtained. (2-tailed) student’s self-efficacy is 0.00 (p = <0.05) and n-gain is class D 0.77, class E 0.81 and class F 0.79; shows significant results in high criteria. It was concluded that the SCT model was effective. This study implies that the SCT model can be used as an alternative to training students’ critical thinking skills and self-efficacy.
Biochemical activities of new isatin derivative against WiDr colon cancer
Authors: Prayitno B , Santoso M
Published: January 2020

One of the harmful cancer and the major contributors to deaths is colon cancer. Isatin and its derivatives are widely studied for pharmacological activity. Some isatin compounds with pyrrole, halogen, and hydroxyl substituents have anticancer bioactivity. In the present work, a new isatin derivative, 5-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-(1H-pyrrole-2-yl)indolin-2-one, has been successfully synthesized with a yield of 66%. The aim of this study is to test the compound cytotoxicity against WiDr colon cancer cells. The cell viability was determined through MTT assay using the ELISA reader instruments. Bioactivity test revealed that 5-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-(1H-pyrrole-2-yl) indolin-2-one was cytotoxic against WiDr colon cancer cells IC50 for 410 μg/ml.
Critical Thinking Ability after Project-Based Learning: A Comparative Study on Students Who Have Different Cognitive Styles
Authors: Cintamulya I , Warli  , Mawartiningsih L
Published: January 2020

This research aims to compare critical thinking skills between students who have different cognitive styles namely reflective and impulsive. The research design used was a Pre-Experiment One-Shot Case Study, where a group of students was given project-based learning treatment in plant development subjects, this study did not use a group of control. The student’s cognitive style was measured using the MFFT (Matching Familiar Figure Test) instrument that is carried out before the project-based learning is implemented. Furthermore, students’ critical thinking skills are measured by using a critical thinking skills test conducted at the end of the project-based learning process. The test resulted in students’ critical thinking skills between those who have reflective cognitive styles and those who are impulsive. The data analysis results showed that there were differences in critical thinking ability between students who have reflective cognitive styles and those who were impulsive. Students’ reflective abilities in terms of critical thinking are better than impulsive. Information about differences in the ability of reflective and impulsive students to think critically is important for educators as a consideration in choosing a suitable learning model.
Identification of atmospheric dynamic condition during heavy rainfall in Banjarnegara Indonesia using WRF-ARW model: case 18 June 2016
Authors: Putri A R , Kristianto A
Published: January 2020

The Atmospheric dynamic condition during heavy rainfall on 18 June 2016 in Banjarnegara was examined using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. This study calculated hourly atmospheric instability indices and three kind of atmospheric dynamic parameters such as vorticity, vertical velocity, and divergence. Vorticity described cyclonic movements for the cloud growth, vertical velocity described the speed of lift force, and divergence described the existence of air mass encounter in the atmosphere. The final (FNL) data and suitable schemes are applied for the nested domains (27 km, 9 km, 3 km) in model. The result ofinstabilityindices is the convection was occured 1 hour before heavy rain. The result of vorticity is -0.25 × 10−3/s; 0.9 m/s in vertical velocity; and -0.5 × 10−3/s in divergence. From the study, it was also found that the process of cloud development has been seen for 30 minutes to 1 hour before the heavy rain.
The effectiveness of tabingga briquettes and corncob briquettes as biocoal
Authors: Amalinda F , Muliawan A , Rismawati N
Published: January 2020

Energy needs and consumption are increasing in line with the increasing human population and increasing community economy. The energy needs and consumption are focused on the use of fuel oil. To minimize the worst possibility of the impact of the use of fossil fuels, one of them is through the development of renewable energy sources. Alternative energy can be generated from appropriate technology by utilizing biomass waste such as tabingga and corncobs which are by products and discharges that have not been much studied for their benefits. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of tabingga briquettes and corncob briquettes as alternative fuels. This research is an experimental research. The research was carried out from May to August 2019. The objects in this study were the biocoal tabingga and the corncobs biocoal with adhesive variations of 10 grams, 20 grams and 30 grams. The briquette is then printed with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 7 cm. The results of this study indicate that tabingga briquettes can produce heat temperatures until 89 °C. While corncob briquettes can produce heat temperature until 83 °C.
The formation of an icosahedral structure with simulation of hydrogen adsorption on silica gel
Authors: Muliawan A , Yani A , Amalinda F
Published: January 2020

Hydrogen is one of the energy of the future that continues to be carried out research because it is environmentally friendly. Hydrogen distribution and storage processes that require large costs. Silica gel is a solid chemical that is widely used as an adsorbent. This research aims to study the Icosahedral Structure of hydrogen adsorption on silica gel. Experimental research is constrained by costs, so it needs to be supported by other methods such as molecular dynamics simulations. The results of the study show that increasing the temperature and pore size will reduce the amount of hydrogen absorbed.
Investments and investment activity as drivers of regional vegetable growing development
Authors: Zaporozhtseva L A , Tkacheva Y V , Masik A V
Published: January 2020

The article presents proposals for the development of investment activity in agriculture in relation to its most vulnerable sectors. It is scientifically proven that investment activities should be carried out continuously, that is, permanently reproduced. In turn, the permanent process of reproduction of forms of capital, the transformation of investments into capital gains and their full recovery have their own specifics in agriculture. The authors investigated the approaches to the organization of investment activity in the works of Russian and foreign economists, identified its regional characteristics for the Voronezh region. It is proposed to consider the vegetable growing industry as the driver of agricultural development of the region on the basis of the organization of investment activity. A brief description of the vegetable industry of the Voronezh region, identified and systematized general, sectoral and organizational and economic features of the functioning of vegetable enterprises, which have a direct impact on the reproduction of investment activity. The investment climate of the region, potential sources and programs of financing are studied and the possibility of development of regional vegetable growing is concluded.
Studies of the ozonation process when drying grain
Authors: Baskakov I V , Orobinsky V I , Gulevsky V A , Gievsky A M , Chernyshov A V
Published: January 2020

The article presents the main results of studies on the influence of ozone concentration in the ozone-air mixture acting as a drying agent on the efficiency of the efficiency of grain dryers of various types. The positive effect of gas on shortening the duration of the process, increasing the speed of drying, reducing energy costs, increasing the productivity of grain dryers, has been revealed. An analysis based on the results of research conducted by leading scientists in this field and our own experiments made it possible to determine the feasibility of preliminary ozonization of a wet grain heap in metal buffer storage silos before feeding it to a grain dryer. In general, the advantages of using ozone during the drying of grain material before the traditional method are revealed. Agricultural producers are recommended to equip buffer silos for temporary storage of grain with an ozonization system, which, according to preliminary studies, will reduce the moisture content of the heap by one pass through the mine dryer by up to 8.3%. At the moment, the percentage of moisture removed for one drying cycle does not exceed 6%.
Features of using modern multicomponent liquid fertilizers in white mustard agrocoenosis
Authors: Vinogradov D V , Vysotskaya E A , Naumtseva K V , Lupova E I
Published: January 2020

This article presents the use of modern multicomponent liquid fertilizers in the white mustard agrocoenosis under the conditions of the Nonchernozem zone of the Russian Federation. A brief review of statistical parameters of oilseed cultivation in Russia is proposed. Under the conditions of field experiments, the features of growth and development of white mustard under the influence of multicomponent liquid fertilizers are investigated and presented. Oilseed production in the region has recently increased significantly. Such promising oilseeds as white mustard, soybean, oilseed flax, rape and others have become common. In 2018, the area under oilseeds in Ryazan region was 121.1 thousand hectares (+ 25.7 thousand hectares compared to 2017). Oilseeds processing is also gradually developing. The prospects for the use of mustard in the region are analyzed and pointed out. Currently, the production of mustard grain in Ryazan region has decreased from 18.6 to 13.1 thousand hectares, which indicates an underestimation of this crop importance.

On the basis of investigations, the necessity of using foliar dressings with multicomponent liquid fertilizers in two phases of vegetation was revealed. A positive impact on the growth and development of white mustard plants in the budding phase and obtaining the greatest yield of white mustard seeds have been noted. The maximum number of seeds was obtained with variety Lucius - 13.9 centners per hectare and with Azotovit + Phosphatovit + RauAktiv it was 16.5 centners/hectare.
Role of allelopathic activity of plants in the regulation of infestation of agrophytocenoses
Authors: Nesmeyanova M A , Trofimova T A , Dedov A V
Published: January 2020

The study and practical use of the characteristics of allelopathic relations in agrocoenosis acquires importance in the process of regulation of the number of weed plants. In 2010-2018 the Department of Agriculture of Voronezh State Agricultural University conducted studies on establishing the dependence of weed infestation of sunflower on using different methods of biologization: stubble sideration (oil radish) and sunflower cultivation in combined sowing with legumes, (alfalfa purple, yellow melilot, Hungarian sainfoin, spring vetch). The allelopathic interconnections of cultivated plants in the process of growth in interspecific agrophytocenosis were studied, as well as their effect on the weed component, and allelopathic activity of oil radish against weed plants was established. The results obtained in the course of the study showed a significant increase of allelopathic activity of sunflower when cultivated in combined sowing with legumes, which was demonstrated in a decrease of germination of such weed plants as cleavers, wild buckwheat, yellow foxtail (by 10-50 abs.%) and reduction of total weed infestation (by 18-26%). At the same time, there was no negative allelopathic effect of cultivated plants on each other. The use of stubble sideration of oil radish in the barley-sunflower crop rotation link also leads to the reduction of weed infestation (by 26-38%): high allelopathic activity of cruciferous crop provides a decrease of laboratory germination of certain weed species by 43-100%. The obtained results can be used in the development of activities directed to the reduction of weed infestation using biological methods.
The study of physalis varieties for pickling purposes
Authors: Popov I A , Anosova M V , Zhukov A M , Shchedrin D S , Manzhesov V I
Published: January 2020

Physalis is a rare vegetable crop. Its fruits have high palatability and are characterized by a rich biochemical composition. They contain sugars, organic acids, macro-and microelements, ascorbic acid and other vitamins. The fruits of physalis contain pectin, which has a beneficial effect on the human body, removing radionuclides and salts of heavy metals. Three varieties of physalis were studied. The main selection criteria were taste, yield, chemical composition and suitability for growing in the Central Chernozem region. According to the results, the Korolek variety retains high organoleptic and nutritional properties after pickling.
Sowing qualities and yield properties of Sudanese grass depending on fractionation
Authors: Kriukova T I
Published: January 2020

Research have been conducted on the development of recommendations for the obtaining and preparation of seeds of Sudanese grass for sowing, because in modern conditions increased demands are made on the quality of the sowing material. In the problem of realizing the genetic potential of a variety, an important role is given to the quality of the seed material. Therefore, all agrotechnical measures should be aimed at preserving and increasing the viability of seeds during their origin, growth, development and storage, that is, a special technology for growing seed should be developed and applied. Only with high seed quality the potential of the variety can be realized. The dependence of the yield of green mass of Sudan grass on the fraction of seeds and the seeding rate was revealed. In years with different weather conditions, seeds with the highest specific gravity had the best germination ability. On these options, the highest yield of fodder mass of Sudanese grass was noted. It was found that using the CAD separator, it is possible to select biologically valuable seeds of Sudanese grass, formed in the middle part of the panicle, remove lightweight impurity, improve the quality of seed and significantly increase the yield of green mass by 13%.
Study of soil separation at a potato chain with a cross rotating agitator
Authors: Kostenko M Y , Ruzimurodov A A , Byshov D N , Golakhov A A , Yakutin N N
Published: January 2020

The goal of the research was the theoretical justification and practical implementation of the device for improving the separation of potato impurities with the help of a transverse rotary agitator of a potato digger. The proposed technical solution is simple to construct, and when used, the technological process of soil separation is improved, not only on light soils, but also on heavy waterlogged soils.
Agroecological testing of rapeseed varieties in rice crop rotation in Kalmykia
Authors: Nidzhlyaeva I A , Ochirova E N , Ubushaeva S V , Sangadzhieva O S , Ovadykova Zh V
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the effects of nitrogen nutrition on the production of spring rape varieties and row spacing on the linear growth of plants aimed at improving the rice yield. The experimental studies were carried out on the fields of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Harada” in the Oktyabrsk District of the Republic of Kalmykia located in the zone of the Sarpin irrigation system. The resource-saving technologies that can increase the yield without irrigation using residual moisture reserves are of great importance. Intermediate crops can accelerate the soil cultivation on rice fields and increase the rice yield. When spring rape is sown, the soil acquires an increased ability to restore the structure of the soil layer. The green mass is digestible and contains a small amount of fiber. With a high level of moisture, it can give several yields of green mass. With intensive growth of rapeseed after mowing crops, it can be used for grazing. Over the years of research, the yield of green mass varied from 14.8 to 22.9 t/ha. It was revealed that for Vizit variety, an increase in the row spacing from 15 to 30 cm does not reduce the yield of green mass, and with an increase from 30 to 60 cm, the yield decreases by 22 … 28%. For Ratnik variety, the best row spacing was 45 cm. An increase or decrease in row spacing reduces the green mass yield by 8 … 12%. The influence of nitrogen nutrition and sowing density on the production process and green mass yield was identified.
Inorganic sorbent application in the food industry
Authors: Pegina A N , Lobacheva N N , Kutsova A E , Alekhina A V , Kosenko I S
Published: January 2020

Data on the effect of inorganic aluminum-containing sorbent obtained from the etching product of aluminum tape, reprecipitated and treated with a surfactant on the quality indicators of saturation juices, are presented. Diffusion juice purification was carried out with the introduction of a sorbent for predefection. Studies have shown that the addition of a small amount of aluminum-containing sorbent (0.10 … 0.20%) can increase the purity of saturation juice II by 2.71%, and the cleaning efficiency by 18.22% compared to the typical scheme. There is a decrease in the color of the purified juice by 8.89 conv. units.
Quality of colostrum in dairy and dual purpose cow breeds depending on the duration of calving cycle periods
Authors: Karamayev S V , Bakayeva L N , Karamayeva A S , Soboleva N V
Published: January 2020

Correlation of quality of colostrum in dairy and dual-purpose cow breeds and duration of calving cycle periods has been examined. It was established that the highest content of immunoglobulins in colostrum of cows of the Bestuzhev and the Russian Black Pied breeds was noticed with the duration of a service period of up to 60 days, in colostrum of cows of the Holstein and the Ayrshire breeds – 61-80 days. Furthermore, the content of immunoglobulins raises by 26.0% for the Bestuzhev breed, by 27.7% for the Russian Black Pied breed, by 16.7% for the Holstein breed and by 17.5% for the Ayrshire breed with the extension of gestation period from 270 to 290 days. A trend towards reduction of content of immunoglobulins with the extension of lactation period was noted. The highest content of immunoglobulins was in colostrum of cows of the Bestuzhev breed (102.7 g/l) that excelled their herdmates of the Russian Black Pied breed by 51.5%, of the Holstein breed - by 71.7% and of the Ayrshire breed – by 11.9%. Colostrum of cows without dry period was considered unsuitable for feeding calves, regardless of the breed. The highest content of immunoglobulins in the first yield colostrum was typical of cows of the Russian Black Pied, the Holstein and the Ayrshire breeds with the duration of the dry period of 61-70 days, and for the Bestuzhev breed – with the duration of the dry period of 51-60 days.
Optimization of nest microclimate of bee families during winter period
Authors: Vorobeva S L , Kokonov S I , Vasileva M I , Kolbina L M
Published: January 2020

In modern conditions, the improvement of technological methods in bee-farming significantly affects the production of bee-farming products. The concordance of technological operations of keeping bee families to climatic conditions of a particular region largely determines the production activity effectiveness of a beekeeper. Temperature differences in winter negatively affect the condition of bee families; humidity and excess condensate are accumulated in hives. The use of “zeolite” desiccant in winter allows improving microclimate inside the hive, contributing to more intensive development of bee families in spring and increasing marketable honey productivity due to its unique highly porous structure. Field studies were conducted during 2014-2016. Four groups of bee families were selected using the pair-analogue method in the course of the research: control group (without desiccant) and ex-perimental groups № 1, № 2, № 3 where in winter, the desiccant was placed at the hive bottom in the amount of 100, 150, 200 g, respectively.
Correction of the immunological status of the newborn calves with Interferon
Authors: Slobodyanik V I , Cheskidova LV , Melnikova N V , Stepanov V A
Published: January 2020

The newborn calves have a number of physiological features that make them especially vulnerable to infectious diseases. Therefore, along with serums and vaccines that provide specific immunity, immunomodulators are used to correct the immunological status of animals after giving colostrum. The article presents the data on the study of indices of nonspecific resistance of calves after birth and their correction with interferon alfa-2b. It was found that in the group of calves that were introduced interferon, there was an increase in the number of lymphocytes (T lymphocytes - by 11.9% (P <0.05), B lymphocytes - by 28.2% (P <0.03), and also the phagocytic activity of leukocytes - by 13.5 % (P <0.00001), with a decrease in leukocytes by 12.6% (P <0.01), which was the evidence of the corrective effect of the preparation on the cell-mediated immunity. An increase in serum bactericidal activity (SBA) by 19.4 % (P <0.00001), serum lysozyme activity (SLA) - by 46.3% (P <0.00001), serum complementary activity (SCA) - by 35.3% (P <0.04), as well as immune globulins (γ- globulins - by 1.62 times (P <0.002), total immunoglobulins - by 21.8% (P <0.0005), immunoglobulins G - 23.0 % (P <0.04), which characterized the enhancement of nonspecific humoral immunity, was registered in the blood of calves of the experimental group compared to the control one. Thus, the application of the interferon contributed to the activation of nonspecific humoral and cell-mediated immunity of the newborn calves.
Technological aspects of the use of complete granular all-mashes in the diet of rabbits
Authors: Kurchaeva E E , Vostroilov A V , Aristov A V , Vysotskaya E A , Maksimov I V
Published: January 2020

To improve the nutritional value and digestibility in recipes of all-mashes the following feed additive was introduced: a paste of green mass of amaranth in doses of 10.0 and 15.0% and complex “Enzymesporin” - “Fungistat-GIC” (EF) at doses of 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg of all-mash, respectively. The studies of the effectiveness of complete granular all-mash were carried out on the livestock of young rabbits of the Soviet chinchilla breed at the age of 45 days, selected on the principle of groups - analogues and divided into 3 groups. The study was conducted in vivarium conditions of the VSAU in 2018. The control group of rabbits received a basic ration consisting of fodder PZK-92-60-18, rabbits of the experimental group received feed with the addition of the paste of green mass of amaranth and “Enzymesporin” - “Fungistat-GIC” (EF). Meat quality assessment was carried out at the age of 105 days after control slaughter in the amount of 3 heads from each group. It is established that rabbits of experimental groups digest nutrients of al-mashes better in comparison with control peers that further had positive influence on indicators of their meat productivity. The introduction of feed additives used in the al-mashes allowed increasing its digestibility by 8.5-10.0%, and also contributed to a higher transformation of feed nutrients into the protein component of muscle tissue.
Efficiency of application of the probiotic “Enzymsporin” and grass flour of Jerusalem artichoke to increase the productivity of rabbits
Authors: Kurchaeva E E , Vostroilov AV , Vysotskaya E A , Artemov E S , Maksimov I V
Published: January 2020

To assess the effectiveness of probiotic preparation “Enzymsporin” together with grass meal, green mass of Jerusalem artichoke, when fattening young rabbits, matched 180 rabbits (males) of “Hypharm” French breeding in conditions of the industrial complex of LLC “Lipetsk rabbit” which at the age of 45 days were divided into 3 groups on the principle of the groups – analogues. Fattening was carried out until the age of 105 days. Rabbits of the 1st group (control) received all-mash without additives. The rabbits in group 2 and group 3 were fed with the probiotic preparation “Enzymsporin” in a dosage of 0.6 g/kg of all-mash (rabbits of the 2nd group) and 1.0 g/kg of all-mash (rabbits of the 3rd group) together with grass meal, green mass of Jerusalem artichoke in a dose of 15.0% by weight of all-mash. At the age of 105 days, the rabbits of the 1st group (control) were characterized by live weight, which was less than the mass of animals of the 1st experimental group by 189.0 g, or by 5.95 %, the 2nd experimental group - by 367.0 g, or 11.55 %. Thus, the preparation “Enzymsporin” together with grass meal, green mass of the Jerusalem artichoke is a promising product from a number of probiotics used in animal nutrition and allows improving the productivity and meat quality of rabbits.