bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The gut–eye axis: from brain neurodegenerative diseases to age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Jin Qianzi , Wang Suyu , Yao Yujia , Jiang Qin , Li Keran
Published: October 2024

Age-related macular degeneration is a serious neurodegenerative disease of the retina that significantly impacts vision. Unfortunately, the specific pathogenesis remains unclear, and effective early treatment options are consequently lacking. The microbiome is defined as a large ecosystem of microorganisms living within and coexisting with a host. The intestinal microbiome undergoes dynamic changes owing to age, diet, genetics, and other factors. Such dysregulation of the intestinal flora can disrupt the microecological balance, resulting in immunological and metabolic dysfunction in the host, and affecting the development of many diseases. In recent decades, significant evidence has indicated that the intestinal flora also influences systems outside of the digestive tract, including the brain. Indeed, several studies have demonstrated the critical role of the gut–brain axis in the development of brain neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Similarly, the role of the “gut–eye axis” has been confirmed to play a role in the pathogenesis of many ocular disorders. Moreover, age-related macular degeneration and many brain neurodegenerative diseases have been shown to share several risk factors and to exhibit comparable etiologies. As such, the intestinal flora may play an important role in age-related macular degeneration. Given the above context, the present review aims to clarify the gut–brain and gut–eye connections, assess the effect of intestinal flora and metabolites on age-related macular degeneration, and identify potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies. Currently, direct research on the role of intestinal flora in age-related macular degeneration is still relatively limited, while studies focusing solely on intestinal flora are insufficient to fully elucidate its functional role in age-related macular degeneration. Organ-on-a-chip technology has shown promise in clarifying the gut–eye interactions, while integrating analysis of the intestinal flora with research on metabolites through metabolomics and other techniques is crucial for understanding their potential mechanisms.
PI3K/AKT signaling and neuroprotection in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives
Authors: Liu Tianlong , Li Xiaolin , Zhou Xiaowei , Chen Wei , Wen Aidong , Liu Minna , Ding Yi
Published: October 2024

It has been reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. As a result, the development of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway has attracted increasing attention from researchers. This article reviews the pathological mechanisms and advancements in research related to the signaling pathways in ischemic stroke, with a focus on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The key findings include the following: (1) The complex pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke can be categorized into five major types: excitatory amino acid toxicity, Ca2+ overload, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. (2) The PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling pathway is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of ischemic stroke, which primarily involves the NF-κB, NRF2, BCL-2, mTOR, and endothelial NOS signaling pathways. (3) Natural products, including flavonoids, quinones, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, phenols, terpenoids, and iridoids, show great potential as candidate substances for the development of innovative anti-stroke medications. (4) Recently, novel therapeutic techniques, such as electroacupuncture and mesenchymal stem cell therapy, have demonstrated the potential to improve stroke outcomes by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, providing new possibilities for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke. Future investigations should focus on the direct regulatory mechanisms of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and their clinical translation to develop innovative treatment strategies for ischemic stroke.
Exploring the role of N-acetyltransferases in diseases: a focus on N-acetyltransferase 9 in neurodegeneration
Authors: Deshpande Prajakta , Chimata Anuradha Venkatakrishnan , Singh Amit
Published: October 2024

Acetyltransferases, required to transfer an acetyl group on protein are highly conserved proteins that play a crucial role in development and disease. Protein acetylation is a common post-translational modification pivotal to basic cellular processes. Close to 80%–90% of proteins are acetylated during translation, which is an irreversible process that affects protein structure, function, life, and localization. In this review, we have discussed the various N-acetyltransferases present in humans, their function, and how they might play a role in diseases. Furthermore, we have focused on N-acetyltransferase 9 and its role in microtubule stability. We have shed light on how N-acetyltransferase 9 and acetylation of proteins can potentially play a role in neurodegenerative diseases. We have specifically discussed the N-acetyltransferase 9-acetylation independent function and regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling and microtubule stability during development and neurodegeneration.
Expression and purification of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain in Escherichia coli for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes
Authors: Ghaderi Hajarossadat , Shoari Alireza , Salehi Shima , Eskafi Ayda Hassanzadeh , Habibi-Anbouhi Mahdi , Cohan Reza Ahangari , Moazzami Reza , Behdani Mahdi
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose:

SARS-CoV-2 causes a severe respiratory disease known as COVID-19 and is responsible for a global viral pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) is located on the spike protein, which identifies and binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. The RBD is an important target for developing virus-neutralizing antibodies, vaccines, and inhibitors.

Experimental approach:

In this study, recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RBD was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and purified and its binding activity was determined. Purification was conducted using the Ni-NTA column. ELISA. flow cytometry assays were set to evaluate the binding ability of recombinant RBD to different anti-RBD antibodies and native ACE2 receptors on HEK293A cells, respectively.

Findings/Results:

The SDS-PAGE analysis revealed the corresponding band at 27 kDa in the culture after induction with 0.7 mM IPTG, while the corresponding band was not observed in the culture without IPTG induction. ELISA results showed that antibodies produced in the human sera could bind to the recombinant RBD protein and the commercial anti-RBD antibody. Also, flow cytometry analysis revealed that the recombinant RBD could bind to human ACE2 on the surface of HEK293A cells.

Conclusion and implication:

Our outcomes displayed that the recombinant RBD expressed in the E. coli strain has biological activity and can be used as an antigen for the development of diagnosis kits and vaccines as well as a tool for screening drugs against SASR-CoV-2.
Perioperative and frailty outcomes after total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tan Boon Hian , Poon Kein Boon
Published: October 2024

Background:

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure with an increasing demand, especially among the elderly. Frailty is known to be associated with adverse perioperative outcomes in the older population. In this article, we aimed to understand the associations of preoperative frailty status and comorbid conditions in relation to their clinical and healthcare outcomes after TKA, and to describe the perioperative factors leading to improvement in a patient’s frailty status after TKA.

Methods:

This is a retrospective cohort study, and the outcomes were assessed over 2 years. Frailty is defined by the Clinical Frailty Score.

Results:

A total of 96 patient records were assessed, of which 13 (13.5%) patients were robust and 83 (86.5%) patients were prefrail or frail. Two years after TKA, the number of robust patients increased to 58 (61.7%) patients, showing a reversal of frailty in 48.2% of patients.

Conclusion:

Total knee arthroplasty in prefrail and frail patients is a safe procedure that leads to improvement of frailty status, with an increase in the proportion of patients becoming robust within 2 years after the operation.
Stability of the composite wave of two planar viscous shock waves for the compressible Navier–Stokes system
Authors: Wang Teng
Published: October 2024

We are concerned with the nonlinear stability of the composite wave consisting of two planar viscous shock waves to the three-dimensional compressible Navier–Stokes system. It is shown that if the shock strengths are suitably small but not necessarily of the same order of magnitude, and the initial perturbations are suitably small without the zero-mass conditions, then there exists a unique, globally strong solution in time to the compressible Navier–Stokes system, which asymptotically approaches the corresponding composite wave up to time-dependent shifts in

L^{\infty}

norm. The proof employs the weighted relative entropy method, an

L^{2}

-contraction technique with time-dependent shifts to the shocks developed by Kang and Vasseur [J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 23 (2021), 585–638; Invent. Math. 224 (2021), 55–146]. We perform the stability analysis within the original

H^{2}

-perturbation framework instead of using the anti-derivative technique. Compared with the previous work of the author and Wang [J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) (2023), DOI 10.4171/JEMS/1486] for the single shock case, a major difficulty is the construction of shifts to ensure that the two shock waves are well separated.
Steel, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Bars, Wire, Forgings, Mechanical Tubing, Rings, and Stock for Forging and Rings 17Cr - 12Ni - 2.5Mo (0.030 Max C) (316L), Solution Heat Treated
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: October 2024

This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant steel in the form of bars, wire, forgings, mechanical tubing, flash-welded rings, and stock for forging or flash-welded rings.
Multi-sensor Fusion-based Vehicle Localization
Authors: Guo Ge , Liu Jiageng , Liu Guangheng
Published: October 2024

Multi-sensor fusion (MSF) is believed to be a promising tool for vehicular
localization in urban environments. Due to the differences in principles and
performance of various onboard vehicle sensors, MSF inevitably suffers from
heterogeneous sources and vulnerability to cyber-attacks. Therefore, an
essential requirement of MSF is the capability of providing a consumer-grade
solution that operates in real-time, is accurate, and immune to abnormal
conditions with guaranteed performance and quality of service for location-based
applications. In other words, an MSF algorithm depends heavily on data
synchronization, cost, an accurate process model, a priori knowledge of
covariance matrices, integrity assessments, and security against
cyber-attacks.

Multi-sensor Fusion-based Vehicle Localization addresses trending
technologies in MSF-based vehicle localization and outlines some insights into
the unsettled issues and their potential solutions. The discussions and outlook
are presented as a collection of key topics, including multi-sensor measurement
data processing, sensory selection, filtering, integrity assessment, and
cybersecurity.

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Electrical Charging Systems for Off-Road Work Machines
Authors:   CTTC C2, Electrical Components and Systems
Published: October 2024

This SAE Standard describes alternator physical, performance, and application requirements for heavy-duty electrical charging systems for off-road work machines, including those defined in SAE J1116.
Prilagodljiva delovna okolja in njihova vloga v izobraževanju odraslih
Authors: Radovan Marko
Published: October 2024

Na podlagi podatkov iz ankete o aktivnem in neaktivnem prebivalstvu za leto 2021 smo analizirali, kako vrsta zaposlitve, velikost podjetja in delovni pogoji vplivajo na udeležbo v izobraževanju odraslih, in ugotovili, da se posamezniki, ki so zaposleni za polni delovni čas, in tisti, ki so zaposleni za določen delovni čas, pogosteje vključujejo v izobraževanje kot tisti s pogodbami za nedoločen čas ali zaposlitvami za krajši delovni čas. Tudi prilagodljiv delovni čas in možnost dela na daljavo pomembno povečujeta udeležbo v izobraževanju, medtem ko rezultati kažejo, da ima lahko izmensko delo negativen vpliv. Vendar je treba opozoriti, da imajo prožne oblike dela lahko tudi negativne posledice, kot so povečan občutek osamljenosti, pojav neravnovesja med delom in zasebnim življenjem ter izzivi pri ohranjanju stalne angažiranosti pri delu. S tega vidika priporočamo izvajanje ciljnih politik in ukrepov za spodbujanje udeležbe v izobraževanju v različnih delovnih okoljih in gospodarskih sektorjih. Pomembno je, da pri uvajanju prožnih delovnih ureditev upoštevamo tudi morebitne negativne posledice, da ne bi slučajno škodovali zdravju in dobremu počutju zaposlenih.
A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E SUA CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA A EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Costa Denise Lopes , Loures Débora Alves Morra , Gomes Lucas Ferreira , Moreira Maria da Fé Silva , Picanço Rosana de Jesus dos Santos
Published: October 2024

Por meio de todo desenvolvimento que abarca a Tecnologia até hoje, compreende-se que o aparecimento das ferramentas tecnológicas colaborou claramente tanto para a melhora dos relacionamentos dentre os sujeitos, quanto para sua vivência no meio educacional, especialmente quando se fala de Ensino a Distância - EAD, momento em que se dá ênfase ao contato virtual e, com isso, á IA – Inteligência Artificial. Nesse panorama, cita-se como um bom exemplo de aplicação bem-sucedida da IA, no campo da EAD, a disposição de avaliação de atividades dos alunos em cursos em EAD, por meio de IA, como também a disposição de material didático a ser consultado pelos alunos durante seus estudos. Com isso, compreende-se que o avanço tecnológico, junto ao surgimento da Inteligência Artificial, tem transformado de maneira bem significativa a vida social e estudantil de cada sujeito perante a sociedade, diligenciando uma relação individualizada em seu espaço social, educacional, ou mesmo profissional. Compreende-se, pois, ser importante salientar que a melhora tecnológica, por meio do bom emprego da IA, tem um espaço capital no meio educacional, pois carrega diversas benfeitorias que são claramente adequadas para que se consiga influenciar significativamente o processo que abarca o ensino e a aprendizagem, sendo confessadamente um instrumento motivacional, para que os alunos passem a querer alargar as suas potencialidades.  Pensando nisso, para abordar tal temática, fez-se uma pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico, buscando-se, com isso, colher material teórico, relacionado a temática aqui abordada.
A CRIAÇÃO DA BNCC E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NOS CURRÍCULOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Costa Clidson Monteiro da , Godoy Daniela Rodrigues de , Queiroz Davi Cipriano de , Silva Monyque Kely Pinto Ribeiro Candido da , Santos Vanessa Aparecida Barbosa da Costa
Published: October 2024

O trabalho investiga a influência do contexto político na elaboração da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), destacando a limitada participação de educadores e as contradições do documento. O objetivo é analisar como fatores políticos e a pressão de grupos empresariais do setor educacional impactaram a criação e a implementação da BNCC. A pesquisa, baseada em uma abordagem qualitativa e revisão bibliográfica, revela que a BNCC foi desenvolvida em meio a uma crise política, com uma participação insuficiente de professores, o que comprometeu sua legitimidade. Os resultados indicam que a BNCC, embora busque padronizar currículos, não atende às diversidades regionais do Brasil, refletindo a imposição de um modelo educacional que favorece interesses do setor privado. Além disso, destaca-se a falta de infraestrutura nas escolas para garantir a execução adequada da BNCC. As implicações da pesquisa ressaltam a necessidade de revisões futuras que considerem as especificidades regionais e as demandas dos educadores, promovendo um debate mais amplo sobre a influência de interesses privados na formulação de políticas públicas educacionais. A BNCC tem potencial para ser um marco na educação brasileira, mas é crucial que seu desenvolvimento seja mais inclusivo e atento às realidades locais.
INTEGRAÇÃO DE MÍDIAS DIGITAIS NO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Alves Luciene , Vilalva Ester Aparecida de Mei Mello , Picão Fábio Fornazieri , Linhares José Rogério , Barpi Odinei
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho de revisão de bibliografia explora a integração das mídias digitais no ensino, destacando sua crescente importância no cenário educacional atual. A digitalização da sociedade e a proliferação de dispositivos eletrônicos transformaram a maneira como os alunos aprendem e interagem com informações. Nesse contexto, os educadores têm reconhecido a necessidade de adaptar suas estratégias pedagógicas para aproveitar os benefícios das mídias digitais. Um dos principais aspectos abordados neste estudo são as estratégias pedagógicas que os professores podem adotar para integrar as mídias digitais de maneira eficaz. Isso inclui a criação de planos de aula que incorporam elementos interativos, como vídeos educacionais, jogos digitais e plataformas de aprendizado online. Além disso, os educadores estão adaptando materiais de ensino tradicionais para formatos digitais, tornando o acesso ao conteúdo mais flexível e dinâmico. Experiências bem-sucedidas são discutidas para ilustrar como o uso estratégico das mídias digitais pode resultar em um aprendizado mais envolvente e eficiente. Essas experiências demonstram como as mídias digitais podem estimular a criatividade dos alunos, promover a colaboração e oferecer recursos personalizados de aprendizado. No entanto, também são abordados os desafios associados ao uso de mídias digitais, como a necessidade de acessibilidade e a capacitação adequada dos professores. Finalmente, o trabalho enfatiza que, quando implementadas de forma adequada, as mídias digitais têm o potencial de revolucionar o ensino da língua portuguesa, tornando-o mais relevante e eficaz para as gerações modernas de estudantes.
MÉTODOS NA EDUCAÇÃO PARA CRIANÇAS COM DISLEXIA
Authors: Gomes Paola Cristina Paixão Aleixo , Silva Cibele Elias da , Pires Demisa Francisca , Figueiredo Suzamary Almira de , Santos Uilma Honorato dos
Published: October 2024

Neste presente artigo o maior objetivo foi conhecer meios que potencializem o ensino, apontando métodos didáticos atuais que visem o desempenho de crianças disléxicas. Levamos em consideração a realidade educativa que ainda não corresponde eficazmente ao desafio de trabalhar com estas crianças, implicando diretamente no futuro dos alunos disléxicos. Discutimos sobre a importância do reconhecimento precoce de tais dificuldades, o conhecimento e desenvolvimento de competências profissionais para a intervenção eficaz. Conforme análise dos dados obtidos através da revisão de literatura, percebemos que os principais métodos didáticos que visam o aprimoramento das habilidades de crianças disléxicas são: Método multissensorial, Método Fônico, Método silábico, Método da palavra, Método da frase, Método do parágrafo, Método de conto, Método analítico-sintético ou eclético, Programa VAC (Programa visual, auditivo, cenestésico), Técnica ou traçado, Procedimentos baseados na cor, Método gestual, Procedimento de Mundell, Sequência de Fredericks, Técnicas de Lazanov, Programa de Luggas-Briggs, Estratégia configuracional, Estratégias psicolinguísticas, Método neurológico. No entanto, é importante que o profissional antes da escolha do método conheça em qual área reside a dificuldade (motora, fonética, lateralidade, memória e raciocínio lógico) para melhor planejar as metas a serem alcançadas e escolher os recursos dos quais lançará mão durante o processo de desenvolvimento. Estes métodos devem ser vistos como princípios conceituais para a realização de atividades, adaptando-os conforme as necessidades. Além disto, deve-se levar em consideração a disponibilidade de recursos materiais para este tipo de exercício.
O COORDENADOR ESCOLAR E O ESPAÇO DA MUDANÇA
Authors: Malta Daniela Paula de Lima Nunes , Souza Átila de , Fagundes Eliene Andrade , Camargo Neuza Maria Guimarães Franco , Botelho Sandra de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

O acompanhamento e o monitoramento pedagógicos do Coordenador Escolar dos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental em tempo integral num educandário do Programa de Educação Integral, situada no alto sertão pernambucano, é o mote deste relato de experiência. Mudanças significativas têm ocorrido na atuação desses profissionais, tanto em decorrência de mudanças relacionadas ao desenho de gestão pedagógica quanto conjugada através do conhecimento, da prática e do engajamento dentro escolas, mudanças na legislação, quanto para atender às exigências da implementação de políticas públicas. O relato foi guiado pelo objetivo de descrever ações interventivas vivenciadas durante o período de fevereiro a setembro de 2024 com vistas para construção de aprendizagens significativas, fortalecimentos dos vínculos escolares e a construção da identidade de pertencimento na prática do processo de organização do trabalho pedagógico na EREFEM Methódio de Godoy Lima no Município de Serra Talhada-PE. Nossos aportes teóricos foram Imbernón (2010), Placco et al (2010) dentre outros. Metodologicamente, a experiência está pautada na pesquisa-ação e pela concepção de educação humanizadora proposta por Freire na qual todos os seus indivíduos tenham oportunidade de desenvolver todo o seu potencial humano. Com base nos resultados, concluímos que, dado o programa de ensino em tempo integral da escola, há necessidade de consolidar o papel do Educador de Apoio eixo articulador das ações de aprendizagens visíveis e resultados mensuráveis através de uma pauta para além do cotidiano complexo e desafiador, que ora se ergue frente ao cenário paradigmático da escola pública que prima por qualidade, equidade, cidade e justiça climática no século XXI.
EDUCAÇÃO E EMPODERAMENTO
Authors: Santos Ana Maria Viana Guerra dos , Batista Moésia da Cunha , Almeida Simone Nunes Matias de , Oliveira Ismael Dos Santos , Lima Juliano Ferreira de
Published: October 2024

Examinando como diversas inovações tecnológicas estão promovendo a inclusão e a equidade na educação, este estudo explora o papel essencial das tecnologias acessíveis no fortalecimento do processo educacional. Através de uma análise abrangente, abordamos a evolução das tecnologias no ambiente escolar, desde recursos básicos como leitores de tela e e-mail até plataformas de aprendizagem flexíveis e realidade virtual. Esta análise revela que, quando integradas de maneira eficaz, as tecnologias acessíveis criam oportunidades inéditas para superar barreiras de aprendizagem, personalizar o ensino e promover a autonomia dos estudantes. No entanto, também identificamos desafios importantes, como a necessidade de capacitação contínua dos educadores e a garantia de que essas tecnologias sejam usadas de forma equitativa. O estudo ressalta a importância de uma abordagem holística que alie o uso de tecnologias acessíveis aos princípios do Design Universal para Aprendizagem (DUA), enfatizando a participação ativa dos alunos no desenvolvimento e implementação dessas soluções. Ao olhar para o futuro, propomos estratégias para a criação de ambientes educacionais mais inclusivos e adaptáveis, explorando o potencial de tecnologias emergentes, como a inteligência artificial e as interfaces cérebro-computador. Concluímos que, embora as tecnologias acessíveis possam melhorar significativamente os resultados educacionais, sua implementação deve ser feita com cautela e adaptada ao contexto, sustentada por políticas progressistas e por um compromisso contínuo com a igualdade.
OTROS ESTABLECIMIENTOS DE ALOJAMIENTO TURÍSTICO
Authors: Bombillar Sáenz Francisco Miguel
Published: October 2024

SUMARIO: 1. PREMISA DE PARTIDA. 2. EL RÉGIMEN DE LOS ESTABLECIMIENTOS NO HOTELEROS. 2.1. Apartamentos turísticos. 2.2. Viviendas con fines turísticos. 2.3. Campamentos de turismo. 3. INMUEBLES DE USO TURÍSTICO EN RÉGIMEN DE APROVECHAMIENTO POR TURNO. 4. BALNEARIOS. 5. ESTABLECIMIENTOS ESPECÍFICOS DE MEDIO RURAL. 5.1. Casas rurales. 5.2. Viviendas turísticas de alojamiento rural. 5.3. Establecimientos hoteleros y apartamentos turísticos rurales. 5.4. Complejos turísticos rurales y villas rurales. 5.5. Campamentos de turismo rural. 5.6. Mesones rurales. BIBLIOGRAFÍA
Dârulfünûn dan 1933 Üniversite Reformuna: Alman Bilim Adamlarının Göçü ve Uluslararası Akademik Etkileşim
Authors: süslü rıdvan
Published: October 2024

Çalışmanın ana eksenini Osmanlı yükseköğreniminin temelini oluşturan Dârulfünûn’un kuruluşu, işleyişi ve ardından modernleşmenin kaçınılmaz bir sonucu olarak nitelendirebileceğimiz 1933 Üniversite Reform çalışmaları oluşturmaktadır. Özellikle, Osmanlı Devleti’nin son döneminden başlamak üzere, toplumda örgün eğitim faaliyetlerinin merkezini tesis eden Dârulfünûn, tarihsel olarak yükseköğrenim çalışmalarının ateşleyicisidir. Şöyle ki eğitim çalışmalarının bir kopuş değil, tersine süreklilik arz eden topyekûn bir serüven olduğunu düşünürsek 1933 üniversite reformunu da Dârulfünûn’dan bağımsız düşünmemiz imkânsız görünmektedir. Çalışmanın temel amacı; İstanbul Üniversitesi’nin bu zaman diliminde; yapısal ve akademik açıdan yaşadığı gelişmeleri anlamak ve bu gelişmelerin üniversitenin bilimsel ve eğitimsel alanlardaki konumuna etkisini değerlendirmektir. Bu dönemde öne çıkan Alman bilim insanlarının; özellikle tıp, fen, edebiyat ve hukuk fakültelerinde kurulan enstitülerdeki çalışmaları ve bu enstitülerdeki yabancı bilim adamlarının katkıları incelenmiştir. Ayrıca makalede üniversitenin bu dönemdeki reformları, ders kitaplarının çeşitliliği ve kalitesi üzerindeki etkileri, bilimsel terimlerin Türkçeleştirilmesi ve bilimsel kaynakların zenginleştirilmesi gibi konular ele alınmıştır. Dârulfünûn’un tarihsel yapısı ile şekillenecek olan çalışma, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti kurulduktan sonra yükseköğrenim reformunun ana mekanizmasını oluşturan 1933 üniversite reformunun irdelenmesi ile son bulacaktır. Böylece geleneksel eğitim kurumlarının modernleşme ile birlikte değişim ve dönüşümü ortaya çıkarılmış olacaktır. Çalışma esnasında; Başbakanlık Cumhuriyet Arşivi, TBMM Zabıt Cerideleri, Resmi Gazete, Süreli Yayınlar ve telif eserlerden yararlanılmıştır.
The Current Issues of Economic Relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the People s Republic of China: The Realities of the Present Time
Authors: Gafarova Katana
Published: October 2024

This article examines the state and prospects of relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the People's Republic of China. While studying the issues of cooperation between the two countries, the author notes that in 1992 the People's Republic of China officially established diplomatic relations with the Republic of Azerbaijan, then the Republic of Azerbaijan a year later, that is, in 1993, decided to open an embassy in Beijing, the capital of the People's Republic of China. The author particularly examines the economic aspects of international cooperation between the two countries and emphasizes the special role of China’s “One Belt, One Road” initiative and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, in which the Republic of Azerbaijan has become a dialogue partner. Analysing the state of economic aspects of international cooperation between the two countries, the author identifies some cases that negatively affect the development of relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the People's Republic of China. The author mainly attributes the diversification of export products, the problem for Chinese enterprises in the energy sector of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the trade imbalance between the two countries, and so on to these problems. The author, examining statistical data, comes to the conclusion that there is a stable trade surplus of China over Azerbaijan. The author notes that constant efforts by both countries are needed to improve trade and, in general, economic relations in order to prevent obstacles that negatively affect these relations. According to the author, these problems need to be solved by both countries jointly, coordinating their actions in advance. Therefore, we believe that the basis of international relations between the two countries in the economic sphere, including politics and culture, is the friendly and proactive attitude of the Republic of Azerbaijan towards the People's Republic of China. The development and strengthening of these relations will contribute to a new wave of economic and trade growth between the two countries in the future.
Navigating the Evolving Landscape of Distance Education: Pivotal Challenges Faced by the Educators and Strategic Solutions
Authors: deniz şenol , Özkutlu Meltem Vardal
Published: October 2024

This research study seeks to investigate the challenges encountered by the educators within the scope of distance education, particularly in response to the rapidly evolving educational and instructional technologies of the 21st century. Employing qualitative methodologies, specifically a comprehensive literature review and document analysis as a research method, the research identifies the critical issues the educators face in distance learning environments. The findings of this research indicate that prominent challenges include difficulties in classroom management, the diminished leadership role of the educators, and insufficient communication between the educators and students. In addition, the integration of information and communication technologies (ICT), coupled with the students’ reluctance to engage in lessons, decreased motivation, and challenges in fostering socialization and participation, emerges as significant concerns. Further, the issues such as a lack of educator-student eye contact, an over-dependence on technology among the students, and problems related to the Internet connectivity and infrastructure are also highlighted. The study also reveals secondary, yet important, challenges regarding the online course software and the inadequacy of the course materials in distance education. Based on these findings, this research aims to elucidate the obstacles faced by the educators in distance education environments, offering a comprehensive set of solutions and recommendations. This research article ultimately seeks to contribute to the ongoing academic discourse on distance education, providing valuable insights for future pedagogical strategies and technological implementations.
İşgüzar Kommunikasiyada Güvənin Böyük Rolu
Authors: Novruzəliyeva Sevda
Published: October 2024

Bu elmi işdə güvən anlayışının insan həyatında, o sıradan işgüzar kommunikasiyada roluna işıq
salınır, ingiliscə və rusca sitatlar, onların filoloji tərcümələri ilə birlikdə. Filosof, şair, yazar, mistik,
biznesmen, prezident olmaqla dünyada tanınan insanların sitatları dəqiq incələnir, onlara fərdi
yanaşma sərgilənir, qarşıya qoyulan məsələnin mahiyyəti açıqlanır, bir kimsənin rəyindən və
fikirlərindən istifadə etmədən. Belə etməsəydik, məqalədə yeni fikir, yeni yanaşma, fərdi özəllik olmazdı.
Məqalə müəllifinin işgüzar kommunikasiya, linqvistika, komperativ tərcümə ilə bağlı açıqlamaları
çağdaş və yenilikçi prizmalardan təqdim olunur.
The World s Leading Transport and Transit Hub: Azerbaijan-Türkiye-Georgia
Authors: Səfərova Çinarə
Published: October 2024

In the new world order established after the collapse of the USSR at the end of the 20th century, mutual and beneficial cooperation between states located in close geographical proximity came to the fore. In this regard, the South Caucasus, as one of the most sensitive geopolitical regions of the world with rich resources, stands out. New formats of cooperation began to emerge in the Caucasus. Principally, high-level strategic relations have been established between Türkiye, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Cooperation between the countries was expanded for the most part in the field of transport. Obviously, the creation of the Azerbaijan-Georgia-Türkiye triangle was caused by historical and cultural ties, geographic neighborhood, being part of a single transit corridor, favorable conditions and political will. The territory of Georgia was especially stand in need of the general infrastructure transport projects implementation in the region. Due to the fact that Georgia is a transit country, that ensures the transition between Europe and Asia. Furthermore, the aggressive policy of Armenia, another South Caucasus country, made Georgia a country of convenience. All the same, the establishment of a railway connection between the three countries has formed a favorable ground for Central Asian republics, which have great transport potential, to Türkiye and other European countries. Currently, cooperation relations between the three states in both bilateral and multilateral formats are to be remained unaltered. In terms of transport and transit issues, the region will gain a more significant position with the implementation of projects between Türkiye , Georgia, and Azerbaijan.
Hüseyin Nihal Atsız ın Ruh Adam Romanının Kutsal Çam Ağacı Miti ve Bunun Tenasüh İnancı Bakımından İncelenmesi
Authors: Taytan Esma Nur
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada Hüseyin Nihal Atsız’ın Ruh Adam romanından hareketle eski Türklerde var olan ve totem mitlerinden olan ağaç miti konusuna değinilmiştir. Araştırmada mitlerin, tanrılar ve tanrıçalarla; olağanüstü ve doğaüstü olaylarla ilgili olduğu belirtilmiştir. Ruh Adam romanında yer alan çam ağacının eski Türklerde kutsal olarak görüldüğü tespit edilerek; bu ağacın ölümsüzlük ve yeniden doğuşu simgelediğine ulaşılmıştır. Romanın başında yer alan Uygur masalındaki çam ağacının axis mundi yani yerin merkezi görevini üstlendiği belirtilmiştir. Ötüken’de geçen bu masaldaki çam ağacının; göğü, yeri ve cehennemi birbirine bağladığına ulaşılmış olup aynı zamanda kutsallık atfedilen bu çam ağacının, Yüzbaşı Burkay’ın tenasüh yaşamasına sebep olduğu belirtilmiştir. Romanda yer alan tenasüh inancının, eski Türklerde var olan Şamanizm ve Budizm dinine dayandığı tespit edilmiştir. Romanda 20. yüzyılda yaşayan Selim Pusat’ın tenasüh yaşamasındaki en büyük etkenin, iki bin yıl önce Mete Han döneminde Börü Kayı olarak sevdiği kıza ok atmamasıyla yaptığı emre itaatsizlik ve bu sebeple idam edildiği belirtilmiştir. Börü Kayı’nın tekrar Yüzbaşı Burkay olarak dirildiğinde ise yasak aşka düşüp eşine ihanetiyle lanetlenmesinin tenasühün bir döngü halini almasına sebep olduğu açıkça belirtilmiştir. Yüzbaşı Burkay öldüğünde ise Burkay’ın, Selim Pusat olarak dünyaya geldiği, ruhunda ve mizacında bir değişim yaşanmadığı için de aynı hataları tekrar ettiği görülmüştür. Çalışmada yine nefsine yenik düşen Selim Pusat’ın Tanrı tarafından cezalandırılarak; lanetinin devam ettiği, Selim Pusat’ın romanın sonunda yok olarak içinde bulunduğu tenasüh döngüsünün son bulduğu da belirtilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler
Reflective portfolios: a learning and self-assessment tool
Authors: Santos Alice Rodrigues dos
Published: October 2024

Recent studies have emphasized the growing relevance of portfolios in higher education, particularly as a tool that fosters reflective and formative assessment practices. This article presents a qualitative study conducted with a group of Education students, exploring the portfolio as the primary assessment method. The research investigates the conditions under which portfolios can serve as effective tools for both self and peer assessment, using reflective cognition (metacognition) to enhance learning. Classroom observations were combined with open-ended questionnaires, and data analysis was conducted using webQDA software to ensure rigor and objectivity in interpreting the findings. The study reveals that the use of portfolios not only fostered student agency and autonomy but also strengthened self-responsibility and promoted deeper engagement with the learning process. Furthermore, portfolios facilitated a more dynamic, transparent, and collaborative relationship between students and instructors, offering a structured yet flexible approach to assessment. By aligning with competency-based curricula, the portfolio enables a more personalized and meaningful evaluation of students' development, shifting away from traditional, static assessment models. This study contributes to the advancement of assessment practices in higher education, advocating for portfolios as a critical tool in promoting cognitive development, reflexive thinking, and an integrated approach to learning and assessment.
The Influence of Sharia Financial Literacy and The Use of Digital Finance On Financial Inclusion with Financial Behavior as an Intervening Variable in Halal Food MSMEs in Palembang City
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia, Nurfitri Yessy , Lidyah Rika ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia, Azwari Peny Cahaya ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of Sharia Financial Literacy and the Use of Digital Finance on Financial Inclusion with Financial Behavior as an Intervening Variable in Halal Food MSMEs in Palembang City. This research uses a quantitative approach method. The population in this research is Halal Food Business Actors in Palembang City with a sample size of 121 respondents. The data collection technique uses primary in the form of distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique in this research uses Outer Model Analysis, Inner Model Analysis, Bootstrapping, Path Coefficient. The results of this research show that: (1) Sharia Financial Literacy has a significant positive effect on Financial Inclusion, (2) Use of Digital Finance does not have a significant positive effect on Financial Inclusion, (3) Sharia Financial Literacy has a significant positive effect on Financial Behavior (4) Use of Finance Digital has a significant positive effect on Financial Inclusion 5) Financial Inclusion has a significant positive effect on Financial Behavior, (6) Financial Behavior is able to mediate Sharia Financial Literacy on Financial Inclusion as shown by the Indirect Effect calculation, (7) Financial Behavior is able to mediate the Use of Digital Finance on Financial Inclusion as shown Indirect Effect calculation.
Efforts to Improve Legal Protection for Consumers in Electronic Transactions
Authors:   Master of Law Program, Faculty of Law, Diponegoro University, Auliya Fahmi Ilham , Yunanto Yunanto ,   Master of Law Program, Faculty of Law, Diponegoro University
Published: October 2024

The field of business law is evolving rapidly, driven by technological advancements. As technology progresses, the law must also adapt to keep pace with the changing times. In Indonesia, the concept of online sales and purchase transactions (e-commerce) has begun to emerge, potentially leading to legal challenges. Consumer protection in Indonesia is governed by Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection. This article will provide a brief discussion on consumer protection in e-commerce transactions and explore how Indonesia's legal framework regulates relevant consumer protection laws to address issues between consumers and businesses.
Legal Protection of Savings and Loan Cooperative Members' Funds Related to Payment Delays and Bankruptcy in Economic Development
Authors:   Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Triadi Irwan , Yanuarsyah Dimas ,   Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
Published: October 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the legal protection of KSP members' funds, then analyzed using the theory of legal protection with an economic approach. The scope of the research includes that cooperative members' funds are only covered by the KSP management. Summary of the problem in the research, currently there are many cases of KSP failing to pay cooperative members, due to irregularities carried out by KSP Management, to the point where KSP is declared bankrupt. However, the provisions of the law regarding cooperatives do not yet regulate the protection of KSP members' funds. The findings from this research are the amendment of Law Number 25 of 1992 to Law Number 17 of 2012 and the Decree of the Minister of Cooperatives (Kepmenkop) Number 351/Kep/XII/1998, these three regulations do not yet regulate the protection of KSP members' funds. Then, this research uses a type of juridical-normative research and is supported by literature study, and from the results of this research it is found that the protection of KSP members' funds is only handled by the KSP management and is not regulated in the provisions of the Cooperative Law and there is no guarantee institution for KSP members' funds such as banks, namely, Deposit Insurance Corporation (LPS). Therefore, it is necessary to establish legal provisions that regulate the protection of KSP members' funds and establish a deposit insurance agency to guarantee members' funds, apart from being paid by the KSP management, in order to provide legal certainty and guarantee the protection of KSP members' savings funds.
Rural Economic Development Strategy through Village Tourism Development with the Exploitation of Local Potential (Empirical Study in Kebon Ayu Village, West Lombok)
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mataram, . Hailuddin , Suryatni Mukmin ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mataram, Irwan M. ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mataram
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine and analyze the appropriate strategies developed by stakeholders in building and developing rural tourism areas, especially Kebon Ayu Village as one of the mainstay tourist villages in West Lombok. The development of rural areas is important to create community welfare as well as to play the role of residents to take responsibility for maintaining the preservation of the surrounding natural environment. The research approach used is a qualitative descriptive approach based on field observation with the support of secondary data. The collected data is then analyzed using a SWOT analysis approach by systematically identifying various internal and external factors to formulate the desired development strategy. The logic built is how to maximize strengths and opportunities but at the same time minimize weaknesses and threats. The results of the study show that the tourist attraction of Kebon Ayu Village has enough potential to be developed because of the support of the beautiful rural nature and the surrounding hills that surround it. It has a natural rural atmosphere, supporting agro-tourism and culinary tourism potential, with an attractive green expanse of hills, a strategic position as a buffer for the district capital (Gerung) and its safe and comfortable environment. But on the other hand, several things need to be improved, such as the arrangement of the residential environment, waste handling, and concern for tourist facilities such as garbage cans, ATMs, toilets, mini markets, prayer rooms, and others. Supporting facilities and infrastructure need to receive attention so that they are more organized, such as the construction of environmental roads, street lighting, waterways, folk craft coaching, water game spots, outbound, and camping grounds. If all of these things can be overcome properly, then the Kebon Ayu Village tourist attraction will have its own attraction and become a mainstay tourist destination that can compete with other village tourist attractions.
Cardiac Auscultation: A Practical Method for Instruction and Learning
Authors:   Clinical Professor Emeritus, Indiana University School of Medicine, USA, Tavel Morton E
Published: October 2024

In response to the worldwide deficiency in the use of standard acoustic stethoscopes for the analysis of cardiac disorders, we have developed a cost-free platform for learning and teaching of cardiac auscultation by combining graphic images with actual patient recordings.
The Concept of Dissimilation in the Study of Inter-ethnic Marriages within Homogeneous Meskhetian Turkish, Azerbaijani Marriages in Turkestan
Authors: Abdinassir Nazira
Published: October 2024

While analyzing the preservation of cultural heritage is more straightforward in homogenous households, inter-ethnic marriages present a captivating lens through which to examine cultural integration, social identity, and the preservation of tradition within diverse societies. This study explores the dynamics of inter-ethnic and homogeneous marriages among Meskhetian Turks and Azerbaijanis in Kazakhstan, applying the theoretical framework of dissimilation theory. By drawing on fieldwork conducted in 2024 which involved 45 interviews from two research villages, Turki Poselkasy and Kentau, located in the Turkestan province in the southern part of Kazakhstan, the research investigates the historical context and contemporary realities faced by these communities. In doing so, it highlights differences in culture, language, ​​and social norms that can influence the formation of both mixed and homogeneous marriages among minority groups in the region. The theoretical background of the study is grounded in dissimilation theory, which posits that individuals in inter-ethnic marriages tend to distance themselves from their own ethnic groups to establish new identities within the context of their relationships. Through interviews and surveys conducted across diverse settlements, the study explores social identities and groups as well as concepts of cultural and social differences including gender dynamics, to uncover the intricate mechanisms of dissimilation.
Strategic Capabilities and Competitive Advantage of Microfinance Institutions in Rwanda: A Case of Duterimbere-IMF Plc
Authors: Ishimwe Regine , Akims Malgit
Published: October 2024

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that Duterimbere Microfinance Institution should continue to refine its marketing strategies and enhance its technological capabilities to stay ahead of competitors. Duterimbere Microfinance institution should continue refining its marketing strategies and investing in technological advancement that enhances operational efficiency, customer satisfaction, and data-driven decision-making to stay ahead of competitors. Technical capabilities like digital platforms, mobile banking, and online marketing tools should also be leveraged to support the efforts in marketing.