bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Late-career international migration and reproductive work. A comparison between Peruvian and Ukrainian women in the Southern Europe
Authors: Vianello Francesca Alice , Escrivá Angeles
Published: June 2016

Research on the relationship between reproductive work and women´s life trajectories including the experience of labour migration has mainly focused on the case of relatively young mothers who leave behind, or later re-join, their children. While it is true that most women migrate at a younger age, there are a significant number of cases of men and women who move abroad for labour purposes at a more advanced stage, undertaking a late-career migration. This is still an under-estimated and under-researched sub-field that uncovers a varied range of issues, including the global organization of reproductive work and the employment of migrant women as domestic workers late in their lives. By pooling the findings of two qualitative studies, this article focuses on Peruvian and Ukrainian women who seek employment in Spain and Italy when they are well into their forties, or older. A commonality the two groups of women share is that, independently of their level of education and professional experience, more often than not they end up as domestic and care workers. The article initially discusses the reasons for late-career female migration, taking into consideration the structural and personal determinants that have affected Peruvian and Ukrainian women’s careers in their countries of origin and settlement. After this, the focus is set on the characteristics of domestic employment at later life, on the impact on their current lives, including the transnational family organization, and on future labour and retirement prospects. Apart from an evaluation of objective working and living conditions, we discuss women’s personal impressions of being domestic workers in the context of their occupational experiences and family commitments. In this regard, women report varying levels of personal and professional satisfaction, as well as different patterns of continuity-discontinuity in their work and family lives, and of optimism towards the future. Divergences could be, to some extent, explained by the effect of migrants´ transnational social practices and policies of states.
Migrant domestic workers, vulnerability and the law: immigration and employment laws in Cyprus and Spain
Authors: Pavlou Vera
Published: June 2016

The intersection of gender, welfare and immigration regimes has been one of the main focus of a rich scholarship on paid domestic work in Europe. This article brings into the discussion the nexus of employment and immigration law regimes to reflect on the role of legal regulation in structuring and reducing the vulnerability of domestic workers. I analyse this nexus by looking at the cases of Cyprus and Spain, two states falling under the cluster of Southern Mediterranean welfare regimes, that share certain characteristics in terms of immigration regimes, but have substantially different employment law regulation models. The first part sketches the debate on the employment law regulation of domestic work. The second part starts by giving an overview of the immigration regimes of Cyprus and Spain in relation to migrant domestic workers and then proceeds to analyse the two countries’ models and substance of employment law regulation in domestic work. The comparison of these two divergent approaches informs the debate on how the legal regulation of domestic work should be best structured. In Spain there have been recent dynamic legislative changes in the employment law regulation of domestic work. The final part of the article traces these changes and reflects on why such processes have not taken place in Cyprus.
Migrant women’s employment in paid reproductive work through the crisis: the case of Italy (2007-2012)
Authors: Di Bartolomeo Anna , Marchetti Sabrina
Published: June 2016

Paid reproductive work, especially in the case of cleaning and home-care for elderly people, is an important sector for foreign women in Italy. For this reason, since the beginning of the current economic crisis, scholars have wondered about the impact of the recession on migrant domestic workers. They have looked particularly at possible competition with Italian women entering the sector for lack of better alternatives. Our paper takes this discussion a step further by assessing the overall changes affecting migrant women in the Italian labour market, 2007-2012. We will look at how their position has been transformed, by taking both an ethnic perspective, in relation to Italian women, and a gender perspective, in relation to migrant men. By way of a conclusion, the argument will be made that there is a substantial lack of competition between Italian and foreign women in the care and domestic sector due to differences in their earnings, hours of work and activities.
Reseña/Review (Beilin, Katarzyna Olga, "In search of an alternative biopolitics: anti-bullfighting, animality, and the environment in contemporary Spain", Comlumbus: State University Press, 308 págs. 2015)
Authors: Prádanos Luis
Published: June 2016

Reseña/Review (Beilin, Katarzyna Olga, "In search of an alternative biopolitics: anti-bullfighting, animality, and the environment in contemporary Spain", Comlumbus: State University Press, 308 págs. 2015)
Colectivos sociales y ciborgs: hacia una lectura feminista de los drones
Authors: Suárez Marcela
Published: June 2016

Este artículo analiza el papel de los drones en la emergencia de nuevas formas de participación política e impugnación del poder por parte de colectivos sociales. El artículo plantea una lectura feminista de los drones como ciborgs (humanos-máquinas) para explorar las agencias distribuidas entre actores humanos y no humanos con el propósito de visibilizar las relaciones de poder y analizar la configuración de contra-realidades. Se presentan ocho casos de colectivos sociales que, con la ayuda de un dron, disputan el poder de gobiernos, empresas transnacionales además de desempeñar innovadoras intervenciones públicas.
El luminoso homenaje de Goya a las mujeres
Authors: Varela Julia
Published: June 2016

En los frescos que pintó Goya en la ermita de San Antonio de la Florida el artista aragonés no sólo creó nuevos mundos expresivos, sino que, enfrentándose a los cánones misóginos de la iglesia católica, rindió un homenaje a las mujeres que todavía en la actualidad sigue impresionándonos.
Reseña/Review (López-Pellisa, T., "Patologías de la realidad virtual. Cibercultra y ciencia ficción", Madrid/México D. F.: Fondo de Cultura Económica. ISBN: 9788437507316, 279 pgs., 2015)
Authors: Carrera Garrido Miguel
Published: June 2016

Reseña/Review (López-Pellisa, T., "Patologías de la realidad virtual. Cibercultra y ciencia ficción", Madrid/México D. F.: Fondo de Cultura Económica. ISBN: 9788437507316, 279 pgs., 2015)
Soldiers, Readers, and the Reception of Victor Hugo's Les Misérables in Civil War America
Authors: Steinroetter Vanessa
Published: June 2016

This article examines the literary reception of Victor Hugo's Les Misérables in Civil War America and the literary and cultural factors contributing to its remarkable popularity. After its 1862 publication in France, Les Misérables was quickly translated into English and appeared in two American editions. While previous scholarship has noted the novel's status as a bestseller of the war, this article is the first to draw on an archive of handwritten and printed sources, including fictional and nonfictional texts, to examine the reasons Hugo's novel resonated so strongly with Civil War American readers. This article argues that soldiers used references to the novel in their autobiographical writing to create a lens through which to view and comment on their wartime experiences, while novelists such as John Esten Cooke drew on Hugo's message of struggle for freedom in their own cause. Additional reasons for the novel's warm reception among American soldiers lie in its themes of fighting and suffering, potential for empathetic identification with characters and scenes, and widespread availability at a time of considerable disruptions to the literary marketplace.
Bernard Shaw Adjusted for Inflation: Evolution of Wealth
Authors: Rodríguez Martín Gustavo A.
Published: June 2016

The importance of money in Shaw's plays needs no introduction, as many of his plays pivot around economic elements. The concrete expression of such elements, however, poses difficulties for many modern audiences/readers who, for example, do not know how the pound sterling was divided before decimalization. Another difficulty arising from the phraseology of money in Shaw's plays is the fact that inflation is not accounted for. At the same time, Shaw's prolific and long-lasting playwriting career, together with his personal ascent from a “downstart” to a wealthy, world-class author, create other economic discrepancies between how (much) money is represented in his dramatic canon over different periods—no wonder, given that Shaw produced plays through both world wars, the Belle Époque, and the Great Depression, events that brought about remarkable fluctuations in inflation alone. These two caveats parallel the two main purposes of this article. The first one is to provide a general, chronological guide to the value of money in Shaw's plays when contrasted with present-day terms; the second is to analyze how historical and personal changes shaped the author's concept of money and wealth, as expressed in the representation of both in dramatic form.
Shaw's Staging of Capitalism: When “Money Is Not Made in the Light”
Authors: Zorn Christa
Published: June 2016

Although Heartbreak House is not the first play that comes to mind when talking about Shaw's economic criticism, one cannot fail to notice that beneath its multilayered symbolism, this play also tells the story of modern (finance) capitalism at a particular moment in history. Read intertextually with The Intelligent Woman's Guide to Socialism, Capitalism and Sovietism (1928), expanded in 1937 to include Fascism, Heartbreak House reveals not only the pervasive, dehumanizing influence of finance capitalism on society and politics, but also its inherent contradictions, which require unpaid debt, fictitious capital, and profitable bankruptcies. In the play, Boss Mangan, a faceless technocrat who destroys competitors by speculation and ruthless business tactics, epitomizes the capitalist financier and the abstract (power behind him, i.e., the modern corporation). He is completely separated from the actual production process, which is run by a new managerial class, represented by Mazzini Dunn, who—ideologically blinded—believes to be in control. In the real (and figurative) explosion at the end of Heartbreak House, Shaw exposes the inherent contradictions and paradoxes of the modern capitalist system. Economically speaking, the blow up is a boon for the system: while the “two practical men of business” (Boss Mangan and his double, the Burglar) are killed, capitalism prevails.
Análisis sobre los cuerpos de agentes municipales y su rol en la seguridad pública
Authors: Hernández-Anzora Marlon , Murcia Walter
Published: June 2016

En buena parte de los estudios relacionados con seguridad pública en el país predominan los análisis desde un nivel macro, con un acento centralista y con énfasis en las políticas y medidas que se implementan desde el Ejecutivo. Es por ello que el presente artículo se enfoca en la dimensión local de las políticas de seguridad pública, retomando la importancia de las municipalidades en la gestión e implementación de éstas, principalmente en un momento en que la presencia territorial del Estado está siendo contestada por agrupaciones criminales. En tal sentido, se analiza el rol estratégico que los Cuerpos de Agentes Municipales (CAM) podrían tener en los esfuerzos de prevención de la violencia y el crimen, así como en los de recuperación de la presencia estatal en el territorio, planteando las imprecisiones y los impedimentos jurídicos, así como los políticos, que aún no permiten que éstos tengan una función más determinante en la seguridad y el desarrollo local.
Recompas, recontras, revueltos y rearmados. Posguerra y conflictos por la tierra en Nicaragua 1990-2008
Authors: Fiorentini Cañedo Natalia
Published: June 2016

La experiencia de los grupos desmovilizados de excombatientes durante la posguerra en Nicaragua a partir de 1990. Sus luchas, acciones e ideología, tanto de quienes tomaron las armas como forma de presión política, como de quienes iniciaron una lucha civil en el conflictivo periodo de posguerra. De cómo la lucha por la tierra fue la reivindicación principal de los desmovilizados.
Decreto No. 321 Disposiciones especiales transitorias y extraordinarias en los centros penitenciarios, granjas penitenciarias, centros intermedios y centros temporales de reclusión
Authors: Editor El
Published: June 2016

Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 6(1) 2016: 308-314
Estado de la justicia y de la seguridad pública en Costa Rica. Aproximación comparativa con El Salvador
Authors: Sánchez Romero Cecilia
Published: June 2016

Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 6(1) 2016: 326-340
Impacts of Monetary Policy and Information Shock on Stock Market: Case Study in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Trung Thanh , Do Thi Linh , Nguyen Van Duy
Published: June 2016

Evaluation of the impact of monetary policy on Vietnam stock market plays an important role for economists as well as stock investors. Stock price index not only gets impacts from the macroeconomic factors such as oil price, gold prices…but also be very sensitive to the changes in monetary policy. For each different markets, stock index are also different from each other. Hence, this artical is conducted to evaluate the impacts of monetary policy on Vietnam Stock Index (VNIDEX) in the period of the time from 2006 to 2015. The author uses GJR - GARCH model and ARDL research with time-serie data by statistical methods and quantitative analysis to evaluate the above impact related to lag and shocks in the market. The result shows that the monetary policy including interests, exchange rate and required reserve ratio has a negative impact on stock price in long term. Besides, both bad or good market shock cause changes of stock price at stable level.
Stock Selection Based on Fundamental Analysis Approach by Grey Relational Analysis: A Case of Turkey
Authors: Bayramoglu Mehmet Fatih , Hamzacebi Coskun
Published: June 2016

Determining financial assets for investment is a significant problem for investors. Especially, since it is riskier in comparison with other financial assets, selecting common stock is not only important for investors but also, it is a complicated decision-making process, because, although they agree to accept a risk, common stock investors tend to keep the risk they undertake at a given level. With this purpose, investors prefer to conduct various analysis and predictions to decide which common stocks they will invest. In this study, by using micro and macro variables, which have been determined with a fundamental analysis approach, a common stock selection is conducted for nine different corporations doing activities in ten lines of business in Borsa Istanbul. In the study, Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), which is developed in the framework of Grey System Theory, is used as a mathematical model. Therefore, a conclusion is obtained about which parameters are more important in selecting a common stock, and the efficiency of GRA Method is tested.
The Determinants of Corporate Liquidity in Real Estate Industry: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Trinh Truong Hong , Thuy Mai Phan Thi
Published: June 2016

This paper investigates the impact of firm size, profitability, cash flows, investment opportunities, leverage and capital expenditure on cash holding level and cash conversion cycle for 54 listed real estate companies in Vietnam stock exchange during 2010-2014. The empirical result highlights two most important variables that affect the cash holdings–profitability and capital expenditure that have strong influence on the corporate liquidity of these real estate companies. The study also indicates that policies on cash holdings and working capital investment have been affected under financially constrained conditions. The study result provides speculative motive of cash holdings as well as the emphasis of financial constraints on the adjustment of working capital investment in the real estate industry.
A Review of the Relationship between Corporate Financial Performance and the Level of Related Party Transactions among Listed Companies on Tehran Stock Exchange
Authors: Basalighe Ali , Khansalar Ehsan
Published: June 2016

The main objective of the investors to invest in stocks is to earn a profit and this is achieved by firm performance improvement. So the investors analyze various kinds of financial performance data for the different kinds of business models to determine whether some models perform better than others.
The present study aims to collect the evidences of the relationship between firm economic performance and the level of related party transactions on Tehran Stock Exchange. So far, empirical evidences are not provided to reveal a clear picture of the reasons behind the related party transactions in Iran. In the case of opportunistic behavior in transactions, it is expected that the level of related party transactions has a relationship with economic performance variables. The research data have been collected over 1387-1393 for companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange and to test the hypotheses, multivariate regression analysis of panel data is used. The results indicate that at a 95% confidence level, the economic value added (EVA), refined economic value added (Reva) and the market value added (MVA) variables have a significant relationship with the level of related party transactions.
Modeling and Analyzing the Mean and Volatility Relationship between Electricity Price Returns and Fuel Market Returns
Authors: Wei Ching-Chun
Published: June 2016

This paper has two objectives. First, we apply the symmetric and asymmetric VAR(1)-BEKK-MGARCH(1.1), VAR(1)-CCC-MGARCH(1,1), VAR(1)-DCC-MGARCH, VAR(1)-VARMA-CCC-MGARCH and VAR(1)- VARMA-DCC-MGARCH models to explore the return and volatility interactions among electricity and other fuel price markets(oil, natural gas, and coal). Second, this paper investigates the importance of not only volatility spillover among energy markets, but also the asymmetric effects of negative and positive shockson the conditional variance of modeling one energy market’s volatility upon the returns of future prices within and across other energy markets. The empirical results display that these models do capture the dynamic structure of the return interactions and volatility spillovers and exhibit statistical significance for own past mean and volatility short-and long-run persistence effects, while there are just a few cross-market effects for each model.
A Review on a Straight Bevel Gear Made from Composite
Authors: AL-Qrimli Haidar F. , Khalid Karam S. , Abdelrhman Ahmed M. , Mohammed A Roaad K. , Hadi Husam M.
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this work is to present a clear fundamental thought for designing and investigating straight bevel gear made of composite material. Composite materials have the advantage of being light, producing low noises, and extra loading capacities. Due to these properties, it is highly preferable over conventional materials. A comparison between different types of material used in a gear structure will be shown. The outcome shows that a new form of cheap material may be useful for designing a new type of lighter and stiffer gear, designed for robotic arm applications or any power transmission application.
Zelfrijdende auto’s, aansprakelijkheid en verzekering; over nieuwe technologie en oude discussies
Authors: van Wees K.A.P.C.
Published: June 2016

Zelfrijdende auto’s, aansprakelijkheid en verzekering; over nieuwe technologie en oude discussies

De opkomst van de (deels) zelfrijdende auto dwingt om na te denken over alternatieven voor ons huidige stelsel van aansprakelijkheid. Een van die alternatieven is een directe schadeverzekering, ook wel verkeersverzekering genoemd. Het Verbond van Verzekeraars onderzoekt momenteel de mogelijkheden. Het denken over een verkeersverzekering kent een lange geschiedenis. Reeds lang geleden is uitgebreid nagedacht over de voors en tegens. Dat de ontwikkeling van de zelfrijdende auto aanleiding vormt om de discussie nieuw leven in te blazen en opnieuw de balans op te maken, is een goede zaak. Aan een stelsel van verkeersverzekering kunnen vanuit slachtofferperspectief in potentie belangrijke voordelen verbonden zijn.
Aansprakelijkheid van de (letselschade)advocaat voor informatieverzuimen: het bewijs van de zorgplichtschending en de (ontbrekende) eigen schuld van de cliënt
Authors: Giesen I.
Published: June 2016

Aansprakelijkheid van de (letselschade)advocaat voor informatieverzuimen: het bewijs van de zorgplichtschending en de (ontbrekende) eigen schuld van de cliënt

De beroepsbeoefenaar – en dus ook de letselschadeadvocaat – die een informatieverplichting schendt, zal enigszins op zijn aansprakelijkheidsrechtelijke tellen moeten passen als het om het bewijs van die zorgplichtschending en het (bewijs van het) causaal verband gaat. Maar daar is die advocaat nog redelijk ‘beschermd’. Geraakt een cliënt voorbij die hindernissen, dan is het echter snel afgelopen: eigen schuld als verweer mag niet meer in beeld komen, althans mag slechts een marginale rol spelen, zo wordt betoogd.
Risico, relativiteit, redelijkheid
Authors: Stam J.K. , Verweij-Hoogendijk J.H.G.
Published: June 2016

Risico, relativiteit, redelijkheid

Op 29 januari 2016 gaf de Hoge Raad antwoord op drie prejudiciële vragen met betrekking tot de analoge toepassing van het Hangmat-arrest, waarin aansprakelijkheid jegens medebezitters op grond van artikel 6:174 BW is aangenomen, ten aanzien van artikel 6:179 en 6:181 BW. De regel uit het Hangmat-arrest blijkt niet te gelden in de onderlinge verhouding tussen medebezitters van een dier en niet in de onderlinge verhouding tussen bedrijfsmatige medegebruikers van een dier. De derde vraag ten aanzien van de verdeling van de schade behoefde volgens de Hoge Raad geen beantwoording.
Evaluation of response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to temperature and light stress
Authors: Shaban Nidal Tabit , Tzvetkova Nikolina , Cherkez Redjep , Parvanova Petya
Published: June 2016

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of irrigation water temperature and shading on the rate of photosynthesis and transpiration in four varieties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) – green foliage (‘Salakis’ and ‘Estony’) and red foliage (‘Lollo Rossa’ and ‘Nika’). During the production of seedlings in the greenhouse, two irrigation water temperature regimes (12 and 20°C) were applied. After transplanting in the field plants were grown under three lighting systems (100, 70, and 50% of lighting in the open). The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration were measured at the end of the greenhouse period and 14 days after shading in the field using a Li 6400 infrared gas analyzer. In most varieties, cooling of the irrigation water was not found to have an effect on the rate of photosynthesis. Plants of all the varieties responded to the decrease in irrigation water temperature and to strong shading by reducing transpiration and increasing the water use efficiency. The ‘Salakis’ and ‘Estony’ plants have shown the best adaptability to the changing conditions and therefore they could be used successfully in the practice of extending vegetative growth.
Corylus and Alnus pollen concentration in air of Lviv (Western Ukraine)
Authors: Kalinovych Nataliya , Voloshchuk Kateryna , Vorobets Nataliya
Published: June 2016

Corylus and Alnus trees are common throughout Western Ukraine. They are important producers of allergenic airborne pollen in the environment of Lviv city. The objective of this study was to examine the dynamics of the Corylus and Alnus air pollen concentration in Lviv with reference to changes in weather conditions. Pollen data (2011–2015) were obtained by the gravimetric method for a site located at the center of Lviv city. The total annual Corylus pollen sums varied from 281 to 724, while the Alnus sums were several times more abundant and varied from 656 to 2505. There were 43 days of difference in start dates of the Corylus pollen season. The start dates for the Alnus pollen season showed a 30-day difference over the 5 years. The season duration differed by 17 days for Corylus and 31 days for Alnus. There is some evidence of synchronous patterns for Corylus and Alnus pollen seasons in Lviv. A trend was observed towards earlier starts of seasons that corresponded to a gradual increase in the average February temperature over 2011–2015.
Asymbiotic seed germination and multiplication of an endangered orchid – Paphiopedilum venustum (Wall. ex Sims.)
Authors: Kaur Saranjeet , Bhutani Kamlesh Kumar
Published: June 2016

The present study was intended to facilitate ex situ conservation of Paphiopedilum venustum, a highly floriferous endangered terrestrial orchid species. A protocol was established for in vitro propagation and shoot multiplication. The cultures were initiated through asymbiotic seed germination technique, using undehisced and dehisced capsules. Four defined asymbiotic orchid seed germination media (terrestrial orchid medium, modified terrestrial orchid medium, Malmgren modified terrestrial orchid medium, Knudson C medium) were evaluated for their effectiveness in achieving maximum seed germination and early seedling development. The effect of darkness and 12-h photoperiod was also tested. Optimum seed germination, i.e., 82.7% was achieved on modified terrestrial orchid medium under a 12-h photoperiod using seeds from undehisced capsules. Shoot multiplication was accomplished using organic [peptone (1.0, 2.0 g L−1)] and inorganic [banana homogenate (10, 20, 30 g L−1) and potato powder (5.0, 10 g L−1)] growth supplements. Peptone at 1.0 g L−1 was the most effective in multiplying the shoots. Plantlets were acclimatized in the greenhouse with 80% survival frequency.
The New Criteria for Alzheimer’s Disease - Implications for Geriatricians*
Authors: Molin Pierre , Rockwood Kenneth
Published: June 2016

Two new sets of criteria for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are now in play, including one set released in 2014, and a proposal for a “new lexicon” for how to describe the disease spectrum. A 2012 Canadian consensus conference said that to then, none of the new criteria or terminology would change primary care practice; that is still likely to be so. For dementia consultants, however, the new criteria pose challenges and offer opportunities.In general, the new criteria see an expanded role for biomarkers. Even so, the evidence base for this remains incomplete. Our understanding of the neuropathological criteria for dementia changed as the evidence base included more community cases. This is likely to inform the experience with biomarkers. At present, each of the criteria specifies an exclusive research role. Still, wider uptake is likely, especially in the United States.Geriatricians should be aware of the fundamental change in the terminology now being employed: AD diagnosis no longer obliges a diagnosis of dementia. Until more data emerge—something to which geriatricians can contribute— there is reason to be cautious in the adoption of the new criteria, as they are likely to be least applicable to older adults.
Les nouveaux critères de la Maladie d’Alzheimer – Perspective gériatrique*
Authors: Molin Pierre , Rockwood Kenneth
Published: June 2016

Deux nouvelles séries de critères pour le diagnostic de la maladie d’Alzheimer sont maintenant en vigueur, incluant une série publiée en 2014. Un « nouveau lexique » conceptualisant la maladie a également été proposé. En 2012, la Conférence consensuelle canadienne affirmait que, pour l’instant, ni les nouveaux critères ni la nouvelle terminologie ne modifiaient la pratique en première ligne. Néanmoins, pour les consultants spécialisés en démence, l’avènement de ces critères ouvre la porte à de nombreux défis et occasions.En général, les nouveaux critères accordent une place grandissante aux biomarqueurs. Toutefois, les évidences qui sous-tendent leur utilisation demeurent incomplètes. L’étude de sujets provenant de la communauté ayant raffiné notre compréhension des critères neuropathologiques des démences, il est probable que notre expérience avec les biomarqueurs en bénéficierait également. Pour l’instant, ces critères sont réservés à la recherche. Cependant, leur adoption à plus large échelle est pressentie, particulièrement aux États-Unis.Les gériatres canadiens doivent être conscients de la terminologie maintenant utilisée et du changement fondamental qui en découle : un diagnostic de maladie d’Alzheimer ne requiert plus un diagnostic de démence. Dans l’attente de nouvelles données – auxquelles les gériatres peuvent contribuer – il y a lieu de faire preuve de prudence dans l’adoption des nouveaux critères, car ils sont susceptibles de moins bien s’appliquer aux personnes âgées.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO ANATÔMICA, COMPOSIÇÃO MINERAL E ATIVIDADE CITOTÓXICA DE Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd (PORTULACACEAE)
Authors: Brasileiro Beatriz Gonçalves , Barbosa Joseane Bessa , Jamal Claudia Masrouh , Coelho Olívia Gonçalves Leão , Ronchi Rikeller , Pizziolo Virgínia Ramos
Published: June 2016

This study aimed to assess chemical compositions and anatomy of Talinum triangulare extract and its cytotoxic activity in order to improve the knowledge of the specie. Leaves and stem fragments were fixed, sectioned and stained following the usual techniques in anatomy. The phytochemical screening was performed according to classical tests for secondary metabolites detection. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using as model the lethality of Artemia salina larvae. The studied leaf is amphistomatic and presents uniseriate epidermis covered by thin cuticle. The mesophyll is dorsiventral and the midrib consists of collateral vascular bundle. In the apical portion, the stem has vascular bundles delimiting the medular and cortical regions. A stratum of angular collenchyma is found beneath the epidermis. In the basal portion, the stem has about four layers of angular collenchyma and voluminous parenchyma cells internally delimiting the cortex. The phytochemical screening detects the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenes and steroids. The mineral composition showed that the major element found was nitrogen, followed by potassium and magnesium, and the leaves are iron rich. The ethanolic extract did not show toxicity in the larvae of A. salina, with LD50> 1000 ppm, which proves the safe use of this specie in popular therapy.
OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS ON TIME SCALES DESCRIBED BY VOLTERRA INTEGRAL EQUATIONS ON TIME SCALES
Authors: Santos Iguer
Published: June 2016

In this work we consider two class of optimal control problems on time scales described by Volterra integral equations on time scales. We have established the existence of solutions for these two class of optimal control problems.
AVALIAÇÃO DE ABRIGOS ALTERNATIVOS PARA TERMO-HIGROMETROS EM FUNÇÃO DO CUSTO, MANUSEIO E ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA DO DESEMPENHO
Authors: Valin Júnior Marcos De Oliveira , Ribeiro Karyn Ferreira Antunes , Botelho Victor André , Neves Geraldo Aparecido Rodrigues , Santos Flávia Maria de Moura , Noqueira Marta Cristina de Jesus Albuquerque
Published: June 2016

The standardization of data collection instruments is critical to the quality of the microclimate studies. Due to financial constraints and specific needs many sensors, shelters and alternative systems the standards are developed, based on experience and creativity of researchers. The objective of this study is to provide subsidy to the urban climate studies, checking the influence of different types of alternative shelters thermo-hygrometers at fixed points, and were built five types of shelters and evaluated for performance, ease of implementation, materials and tools used, and the costs involved. Based on the performance of alternative shelters analyzed, it has the shelter of the vertical type and the ice cream pot does not demonstrate efficient to collect data at fixed points, especially if used during the day. It can also conclude that not only material used is linked to the performance, but also on its architecture.
LOGÍSTICA REVERSA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM EMPRESAS DO SETOR MADEIREIRO NA FRONTEIRA OESTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL – RS
Authors: Ochôa Caroline Dutra , Lhamby Andressa Rocha
Published: June 2016

Reverse logistics makes possible the return of waste from the timber industry to the production cycle. Waste management of the raw material wood is a necessity for most municipalities in the western border of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), may by his absence or inadequacy promote environmental degradation through the natural resource waste. This paper seeks to expand knowledge on the state of reverse logistics of the timber industry products in two municipalities of the western border of Rio Grande do Sul. With respect to methodology, we used a case study, characterized by descriptive and exploratory nature. The data collection techniques were through questionnaires answered by the managers of companies in the cities of Bagé and Sao Gabriel. The main results were analyzed companies have total ignorance of Law No. 12,305 which established the National Policy on Solid Waste and the main use of such wood waste, wood shavings and sawdust are like. The study shows that the greatest difficulty is the lack of responsible and / or owners of companies with respect to the reverse logistics. Reverse logistics is able to make a revaluation of post-consumer waste, increasing business competitiveness and reducing the amount of waste.
Who does the work? Partner perceptions of the initiation and maintenance of romantic relationships
Authors: Sprecher Susan , Regan Pamela , Orbuch Terri
Published: June 2016

The contributions and effort that partners perceive each other to have made to the initiation and maintenance of their relationship may have significant individual and interpersonal consequences. Yet relatively little empirical research has explored such perceptions. The primary goal of the present investigation was to examine how both members of a sample of heterosexual romantic couples (N = 96 couples) perceived the balance of work in regard to both the initiation and the maintenance of their relationship. A second goal was to examine gender differences and similarities in perceptions of relationship work. A third goal was to explore relational outcomes (i.e., satisfaction and commitment) associated with these perceptions, and whether the link between perceptions and relationship outcomes differs as a function of partner gender. As expected, most participants (approximately 70%) perceived balance (equal sharing) in the work of maintaining the relationship. However, a majority (approximately 64%) perceived the work of relationship initiation as imbalanced (i.e., one partner contributing more than the other). Perceptions of balance versus imbalance in the work of relationship maintenance (but not initiation) were associated with satisfaction and commitment to the relationship. Interestingly, the pattern of association was different for men and women. The findings are discussed in terms of equity theory, as well as other theoretical frameworks.
Loving unconditionally: Demographic correlates of the Agapic love style
Authors: Regan Pamela C.
Published: June 2016

Although passionate or erotic love continues to receive the most attention from relationship scholars, there is a growing interest in a variety of love variously referred to as altruistic, compassionate, self-giving, or agapic love. Because this type of unconditional, other-oriented love appears to have important implications for the interpersonal dynamics and overall quality of close romantic relationships, there has been increased interest in delineating its correlates and possible causal antecedents. The goal of the present empirical investigation was to explore three potential demographic correlates of unconditional or agapic love – age, gender, and ethnicity. A large, multi-ethnic community sample of adult men and women (N = 697) individually completed the 7-item Agapic subscale of the Love Attitudes Scale (Hendrick & Hendrick, 1990). Although age was not associated with agapic love scores, a significant overall gender difference was obtained such that men scored higher than women. Ethnic differences also were found. Specifically, African American participants reported lower levels of agapic love than did Latino/a, Asian/Pacific Islander, and non-Hispanic White participants.
Predictors of love attitudes: The contribution of cultural orientation, gender attachment style, relationship length and age in participants from the UK and Hong Kong
Authors: Smith Rebecca , Klases Antonia
Published: June 2016

The aim of this research was to explore whether a model including psychological predictors at the individual, interpersonal and cultural level could predict romantic attitudes. Attachment style, cultural orientation, gender, and relationship length were tested as predictors for each of the six love styles conceptualized by Lee (1977). Adults from Britain (N = 56) and Hong Kong (N = 52) who were in a romantic relationship completed four self-report measures; a demographic questionnaire, The Individualism and Collectivism Scale (IC-S), The Experiences in Close Relationship Scale-Short Form (ECR-S) and The Love Attitude Scale short form (LAS). The model successfully predicted each love style and in one case (Mania) accounted for 52% of the variance in this love style. Each love attitude had a different profile, and no one predictor dominated any one style which supports Lee’s original idea that the styles are qualitatively different.
In the Name of the Name: RDF literals, ER attributes and the potential to rethink the structures and visualizations of catalogs
Authors: Peponakis Manolis
Published: July 2016

The aim of this study is to contribute to the field of machine-processable bibliographic data that is suitable for the Semantic Web. We examine the Entity Relationship (ER) model, which has been selected by IFLA as a “conceptual framework” in order to model the FR family (FRBR, FRAD and RDA), and the problems ER causes as we move towards the Semantic Web. Subsequently, while maintaining the semantics of the aforementioned standards but rejecting the ER as a conceptual framework for bibliographic data, this paper builds on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) potential and documents how both the RDF and Linked Data’s rationale can affect the way we model bibliographic data.

In this way, a new approach to bibliographic data emerges where the distinction between description and authorities is obsolete. Instead, the integration of the authorities with descriptive information becomes fundamental so that a network of correlations can be established between the entities and the names by which the entities are known. Naming is a vital issue for human cultures because names are not random sequences of characters or sounds which stand just as identifiers for the entities - they also have socio-cultural meanings and interpretations. Thus, instead of describing indivisible resources, we could describe entities that appear in a variety of names on various resources. In this study, a method is proposed to connect the names with the entities they represent and, in this way, to document the provenance of these names by connecting specific resources with specific names.
Use of natural and homeopathic remedies in children ailments
Authors: Buskin Stephen , Riveros Huckstadt Maria Pilar , Salatino Silvia
Published: June 2016

In recent decades the use of CAM (Complementary and Alternative Medicine) has increased significantly, not only among adults but also in the pediatric population.  Perceived efficacy of homeopathic or natural treatments, fear of drug adverse effects, dissatisfaction with conventional medicine, and the need for more personal attention are the main reasons given by parents who treat their children with homeopathy.In the present paper the use of natural and homeopathic remedies  for the treatment of children ailments are considered. In particular we focus on minor disorders of early childhood with a major impact on the well-being of the whole family, namely infant colic, teething, upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and tonsillopharyngitis. The results of recent studies on homeopathic products for the treatment of these disorders are be presented and discussed.
Effects of unbalanced carrier injection on the performance characteristics of InGaN light-emitting diodes
Authors: Han Dong-Pyo , Shim Jong-In , Shin Dong-Soo , Kim Kyu-Sang
Published: June 2016

Two kinds of InGaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) having different electron concentrations in the n-GaN injection layer are investigated in order to understand the effects of unbalanced carrier injection on LED performance characteristics. Electrical and optical characteristics such as capacitance–voltage, current–voltage, external quantum efficiency, and electroluminescence spectrum are compared and analyzed. It is shown that the unbalanced carrier distribution in multiple quantum wells affects the forward operating voltage since a large disparity of injection rate between electrons and holes can induce a small effective active volume, thus leading to the severe overflow of electrons to the p-(Al)GaN layer in the LED devices.
Numerical study of carbon nanotubes under circularly polarized irradiation
Authors: Liu Feng , Nakajima Yudai , Wakabayashi Katsunori
Published: June 2016

We numerically study the energy band structures and the corresponding wavefunctions of carbon nanotubes under circularly polarized irradiation perpendicular to the tube axis on the basis of the Floquet–Bloch theory. We focus on two typical irradiation frequencies, ħΩ ≪ γ and ħΩ ∼ γ, where γ ≈ 3 eV is the hopping energy of graphene. Circularly polarized irradiation is found to open gaps for metallic zigzag nanotubes near the Fermi energy and shift the degenerate points of armchair nanotubes in the energy spectra away from the K and K′ points. Furthermore, high-frequency irradiation localizes the wavefunctions on either side of the nanotubes; in particular, the localized wavefunctions have different valley indices on each side of the nanotubes.
Characterization of GaSb photodiode for gamma-ray detection
Authors: Juang Bor-Chau , Prout David L. , Liang Baolai , Chatziioannou Arion F. , Huffaker Diana L.
Published: June 2016

We extract the carrier mobility-lifetime products for epitaxially grown GaSb and demonstrate the spectral response to gamma rays of a GaSb p–i–n photodiode with a 2-µm-thick absorption region. Under exposure from 55Fe and 241Am radioactive sources at 140 K, the photodiode exhibits full width at half maximum energy resolutions of 1.238 ± 0.028 and 1.789 ± 0.057 keV at 5.89 and 59.5 keV, respectively. We observe good linearity of the GaSb photodiode across a range of photon energies. The electronic noise and charge trapping noise are measured and shown to be the main components limiting the measured energy resolutions.
Pteridine levels and head weights are correlated with age and colony task in the honey bee,Apis mellifera
Authors: Rinkevich Frank D. , Margotta Joseph W. , Pittman Jean M. , Ottea James A. , Healy Kristen B.
Published: June 2016

Background.The age of an insect strongly influences many aspects of behavior and reproduction. The interaction of age and behavior is epitomized in the temporal polyethism of honey bees in which young adult bees perform nurse and maintenance duties within the colony, while older bees forage for nectar and pollen. Task transition is dynamic and driven by colony needs. However, an abundance of precocious foragers or overage nurses may have detrimental effects on the colony. Additionally, honey bee age affects insecticide sensitivity. Therefore, determining the age of a set of individual honey bees would be an important measurement of colony health. Pteridines are purine-based pigment molecules found in many insect body parts. Pteridine levels correlate well with age, and wild caught insects may be accurately aged by measuring pteridine levels. The relationship between pteridines and age varies with a number of internal and external factors among many species. Thus far, no studies have investigated the relationship of pteridines with age in honey bees.

Methods.We established single-cohort colonies to obtain age-matched nurse and forager bees. Bees of known ages were also sampled from colonies with normal demographics. Nurses and foragers were collected every 3–5 days for up to 42 days. Heads were removed and weighed before pteridines were purified and analyzed using previously established fluorometric methods.

Results.Our analysis showed that pteridine levels significantly increased with age in a linear manner in both single cohort colonies and colonies with normal demography. Pteridine levels were higher in foragers than nurses of the same age in bees from single cohort colonies. Head weight significantly increased with age until approximately 28-days of age and then declined for both nurse and forager bees in single cohort colonies. A similar pattern of head weight in bees from colonies with normal demography was observed but head weight was highest in 8-day old nurse bees and there was no relationship of head weight with age of foragers.

Discussion.Although the relationship between pteridine levels and age was significant, variation in the data yielded a +4-day range in age estimation. This allows an unambiguous method to determine whether a bee may be a young nurse or old forager in colonies with altered demographics as in the case of single cohort colonies. Pteridine levels in bees do not correlate with age as well as in other insects. However, most studies used insects reared under tightly controlled laboratory conditions, while we used free-living bees. The dynamics of head weight change with age is likely to be due to growth and atrophy of the hypopharyngeal glands. Taken together, these methods represent a useful tool for assessing the age of an insect. Future studies utilizing these methods will provide a more holistic view of colony health.
Transient Elastography for Spleen Stiffness Measurement in Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Chien Cheng-Hung , Lin Yi-Lan , Chien Rong-Nan , Hu Ching-Chih , Yen Cho-Li , Lee Tsung-Shih , Hsieh Po-Jen , Lin Chih-Lang
Published: July 2016

Objectives

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the relationship between spleen stiffness measured by transient elastography and the degree of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods

A total of 67 patients with liver cirrhosis were prospectively enrolled in the study. All patients underwent single‐day hematologic and biochemical tests, sonography, and transient elastography of the liver and spleen. Thrombocytopenia was categorized as mild (platelet count, 75,000–150,000/μL), moderate (50,000–75,000/μL), and severe (<50,000/μL).

Results

The degree of thrombocytopenia was significantly correlated with spleen stiffness (P = .001) and spleen size (P = .002) but not with liver stiffness (P = .086). In patients without splenomegaly, spleen stiffness values were significantly higher in patients with thrombocytopenia than in those without thrombocytopenia (P = .035). In patients with splenomegaly, spleen stiffness values were significantly higher in patients with moderate to severe thrombocytopenia than in those with a normal platelet count or mild thrombocytopenia (P = .007). Compared to liver stiffness, spleen stiffness showed a better and statistically significant correlation with platelet count and spleen size in patients with cirrhosis.

Conclusions

The degree of thrombocytopenia was directly correlated with spleen stiffness, irrespective of the presence of splenomegaly. The clinical phenomenon of unexpected thrombocytopenia may be explained by a subtle or irreversible change in spleen stiffness.