bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Emprises of Gaia Hypothesis as Shown on the Film Maleficent
Authors: Fadiyah Lina , Wulandari Livia , Pujimahanani Cahyaningsih , Pasopati Rommel Utungga
Published: March 2024

Maleficent (2014) is a Disney film that tells the story of a kind fairy named Maleficent. One day, several armies from the human kingdom invaded the forest and threatened the harmony of the land. Due to betrayal and loss of wings, Maleficent begins to build a kingdom of darkness to protect the fairy kingdom namely the Moors. The film indicates further ideas of relations between human and nature as also supported by Gaia Hypothesis. Then, how is Gaia Hypothesis represented on the Film Maleficent? By using a qualitative method, this paper describes the state of the kingdom in the fairy realm after humans tried to destroy it. Supported by the proposed Gaia Hypothesis by James Lovelock related to the relationship between women and nature, the ethics of caring, the idea of mother earth, and the idea of healing the earth. The results of this study concluded that there are still many people who want to destroy nature for their own sake. While there are other creatures that live there, guarding nature with all human’s might and empowered from this analysis can awaken human beings in the future to always keep nature alive for all creatures on earth.
Gynocriticism As Bolstered On Margaret Atwood's Giving Birth
Authors: Hamidah Galuh Fadhelah Aulia , Rengganis Dewi Ayu , Budianto Suhartawan , Pasopati Rommel Utungga
Published: March 2024

Margaret Atwood is a female author who is known from her works that discuss intertwinement of women's relationships with the world. Giving Birth is one of her short stories published in 1977 that focused on an unnamed female narrator’s story that tells Jeanie’s experience who are preparing and finally undergoing the process of giving birth. Through this short story, the researchers indicated matter of gynocriticism by Elaine Showalter that describes women as writers. It also included matter of soul and psychoanalytic approach. Through qualitative method, this research underlines how giving birth is specific experience felt only by women from the existence of the womb. Pregnancy is the best experience of woman that could define herself as the main author of the future adventure of her baby. In conclusion, underlining gynocriticism in Giving Birth indicated true matters of identity of women beings. Then, the criticism also shows how those shape differences between male and female kind of literature.
Peran Pemerintah Dalam Menanggulangi Kerusakan Infrastruktur Jalan Di Desa Bah Tobu Kecamatan Dolok Batu Nanggar Kabupaten Simalungun
Authors: Lestari Cindy Ayu , Ummah Khoiratul , Pratiwi Nurul Azmy , Ivanna Julia
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to see how the Government's Role in Overcoming Damage to Road Infrastructure in Bah Tobu Village, Dolok Batu Nanggar District, Simalungun Regency. The research method used is descriptive research using qualitative methods. The results of this study are that the inhibiting factor in the construction of road infrastructure in Simalungun Regency is the limited budget or available funds, while the development that will be carried out is quite large and extensive with limited budgets available, so the development is not smooth. And also the lack of attention from the Simalungun government and sustainable road maintenance. With road damage such as being able to hamper travel and can cause traffic accidents, it is hoped that the regional government or related agencies will immediately follow up on this matter.
Strategi Sekolah Dalam Menerapkan Pendidikan Multikultural (studi Kasusdi SMPN 35 Medan)
Authors: Kudadiri Agnes Jessie , Siregar Graccia Veronica , Juliandi Juliandi , Simanjuntak Laurenty , Pratiwi Nurul Azmy
Published: March 2024

Multicultural education must be approached with a learning strategy and a good curriculum directing a learning and process based on National Education. System low no. 2o know 2003, national education based on pancasila and the Das Constitution Republic of Indonesia 1945 rooted in Religius values, Indonesian national culture sometimes it really hasn’t been noticed, especially for dap school students developing and educational process for the formation of healthy, harmonious, mutually beneficial interactions respect towards a prosperus, peaceful, advanced and dignified Indonesian society therefore, we conducted a direct survey of SMPN 35 Medan the school there has implemented multicultural Education.
Pentingnya Literasi Informasi dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Informasi Palsu (Hoaks)
Authors: Rusdiyanti Sabily , Hutagalung Begung , Afandi Ruly , Firmansyah Sheva Maulana , Radianto Denny Oktavina
Published: March 2024

In the era of digitally connected information, the challenge of false information or hoaxes is increasingly challenging. False information can cause significant harm, including public confusion, wrong decisions, and even potential harm. Therefore, it is important to develop strong information literacy in dealing with this challenge. This study aims to highlight the importance of information literacy in dealing with hoaxes. Information literacy includes individual abilities to access, evaluate, understand, and use information critically. With good information literacy, individuals can distinguish between accurate and reliable information and false or biased information. In dealing with hoaxes, information literacy provides significant benefits. First, individuals are equipped with the ability to identify hoaxes through traits such as untrusted sources or use of emotional language. Second, they can verify information by checking facts and using reliable sources. Third, information literacy helps in developing a skeptical attitude towards information, so that individuals do not immediately receive information without critical consideration. Finally, information literacy allows for a better understanding of the context of information, including the motives behind spreading hoaxes and the interests involved. Increasing information literacy is important in overcoming the challenge of false information. Education and training that focuses on information literacy needs to be introduced in the education curriculum and also carried out outside the school environment. Through a better understanding of information literacy, individuals can develop higher digital intelligence, make smarter decisions, and contribute to a more informational and democratic society. In order to build a society that is critical of false information, collaboration between educational institutions, the government, the media industry and the wider community is needed. By combining these efforts, we can fight false information and maintain information integrity in an era full of hoaxes.
Analisis Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Maxim Dalam Meningkatkan Competitive Advantage Di Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Salpitri Riska Indah , Sari Sapta , Indria Indria
Published: March 2024

This research purpose is to find out communication strategy which used by Maxim company in increasing Competitive Advantage in Bengkulu City. This research used theory from Saban Elchdar (2013) in Sudaryono (2016:274) which involves some components such as competitive pricing, good quality, product innovation and time to market. This research is qualitative research with case study research because the researcher want to observe the information about what can be learned or pulled from related case. Data are collected by using direct observation by doing deep interview and documentation. The result of this research shows that competitive pricing, Maxim has decided basic pricing from all features so the users of Maxim application satisfied with cheap price compared with competitor. The quality of Maxim product keeps developing by increasing the comfort feeling from the users or drivers. Product innovation shows that Maxim has launched some product innovation which can be used to support and help the application user carrying their daily needs. Time to Market in conducting of promotion strategy has run very well online and offline.
Peran Sektor Pertanian Terhadap Perekonomian di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota
Authors: Suryani Nova , Adevia Juli
Published: March 2024

Berdasarkan data BPS 2023 Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota merupakan Kabupaten dengan luas lahan pertanian terbesar keenam di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran sektor pertanian dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis Tipologi Klassen, Location Quotient (LQ), dan Shift Share Analysis. Hasil analisis menggunakan Tipologi Klassen menyimpulkan bahwa sektor pertanian di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota termasuk dalam kuadran II yaitu sektor yang maju tapi tertekan, sehingga diperlukan perbenahan dari semua pihak, baik pemerintah daerah maupun masyarakat. Analisis Location Quotient menunjukkan bahwa sektor pertanian di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota telah menjadi sektor basis, yang berarti produksi sektor pertanian sudah mampu memenuhi kebutuhan lokal dan menghasilkan surplus yang dapat dijual ke wilayah lain. Analisis Shift Share menunjukkan bahwa sektor pertanian di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota mengalami pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat jika dibandingkan dengan pertumbuhan sektor pertanian di Provinsi Sumatera Barat.
An Analysis Of English Teacher’s Classroom Assessment At School (A Case Study At Smpn 1 Blangpidie)
Authors: Misra Misra , Moetia Meristika
Published: March 2024

This study aims to explore and describe the assessment process and how English teachers apply the three aspects of assessment according to the Ministry of Education and Culture. It was a descriptive qualitative method. The sample consisted of five English teachers at SMPN 1 Blangpidie. The techniques of data collection were observation, interviews, and documentation. The technique of analyzing data researcher used three steps, there are: 1) data reduction; 2) data presentation, and 3) drawing conclusions and verification. The results showed that the assessment process carried out by the English teachers at SMPN 1 Blangpidie run well. The assessment of three aspects of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor has also been successfully carried out during face learning. Meanwhile, based on the result of interview with the teachers, the most of them used formative assessment as reward given to the students’ and this assessment can increase student motivation skill. However, there are several obstacles in the class assessment process such as there are still students who did cheating while assessment run but it could be calculated the amount of students did not only a few and to face this case the teachers give them motivation do not do it again in the next assessment.
THE EFFECT OF INFLUENCERS ON PURCHASE DECISIONS IN XINONABOBA KAPUAS, BENGKULU CITY
Authors: Sahputra Chandra , Octaviani Vethy , Yanto Yanto
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the influence of influencers on purchasing decisions at Xinonaboba Kapuas, Bengkulu City. This research uses quantitative research methods. Data collection techniques were carried out using a questionnaire. The number of respondents in this study were 93 consumers who shopped at Xinonaboba Kapuas, Bengkulu City and the data analysis technique used simple linear regression techniques and hypothesis testing. The results showed that the regression value Y = 14.904 + 0.386X ¬ with a positive regression direction, meaning that if the influencer increases, the purchase decision at Xinonaboba Kapuas Bengkulu City will also increase. Influencers have a significant influence on purchasing decisions of Xinonaboba Kapuas, Bengkulu City, because a significant value of 0.000 is less than 0.05. This means that the more influencers increase, the purchasing decision of Xinonaboba Kapuas, Bengkulu City will also increase.
The Role Of English Consonants In Language Development : Acquisition And Articulation
Authors: Wiranda Arya , Lestari Tiara Dwi , Lubis Yani
Published: March 2024

This article examines the crucial role of English consonants in the language development of individuals, focusing on their acquisition and articulation processes. It explores how children acquire and master consonants in the English language, highlighting the significant milestones in their articulation development. The acquisition of English consonants plays a pivotal role in the overall language development of children. It involves the gradual learning of phonetic distinctions and the ability to produce and perceive consonant sounds accurately. This article discusses the various stages of consonant acquisition, starting from early babbling to the development of a more sophisticated consonant inventory. Articulation, the physical production of speech sounds, is a key component of consonant acquisition. The article emphasizes the importance of clear articulation for effective communication. It delves into the challenges that learners may encounter during the articulation process, such as difficulty in producing specific consonant sounds or mastering complex sound combinations. Furthermore, the article highlights the connection between consonant acquisition and vocabulary development. Adequate mastery of consonants enables learners to pronounce words correctly, enhancing their overall language proficiency and communication skills. Understanding the role of English consonants in language development is crucial for educators, parents, and speech-language pathologists. By gaining insights into the acquisition and articulation of consonant sounds, stakeholders can provide appropriate guidance and support to facilitate language learning and address any potential difficulties that learners may encounter. Overall, this article emphasizes the significance of English consonants in language development, emphasizing their role in acquisition, articulation, and vocabulary expansion.
Students’ Perception Of Presentation Activities In Learning English Phonology
Authors: Anggini Nurasiah , Putri Tiara , Lubis Yani
Published: March 2024

This research aimed to find out the advantages of presentation activities in learning english phonology. Descriptive qualitative method was used in this research. Data were collected using an interview to gauge the students’ perception of presentation activities in learning english phonology. The population of this research was ten students from TBI 1 in Islamic State University of North Sumatera. The research finding shown that the students had a highly positive and positive attitude about the use of presentations in English phonology lessons. The students believed the presenting activities were educational and helpful in developing their English pronunciation and vocabulary. It could be concluded that the use of presentation activities in learning english phonology gave some advantages to the students at TBI 1.
Community Perceptions on Motor Vehicle Loss Services by Central Bengkulu District Police
Authors: Komala Melati Putri , Sari Sapta , Risdiyanto Bayu
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out the society perception on motor vehicle loss services at Police Department of Center of Bengkulu. Data are obtained by implementing several data collection techniques such as observation, interview, documentation and literature review. Data then analyzed by using perception pattern theory by Bitner according to 3 main elements such as stimuli, organism and response. The result of the research shows that 1) Central of Bengkulu police station has become good information source, it gives good information about report. Society think that the officer has served people when they want to make a call by giving detail information so society can understand the steps and administrative steps in making a report. 3) society perception is different, some people said that the loss report service has good while the other said the service is slow. It can be found from the data from investigation of motor vehicle loss, from 2022-2023, from 5 loss motorcycles, only 1 which can be found. Because of that reason, it can affect society’s perception. From the writer’s observation, the process is slow because it needs to passed through of several investigation. The problem from police department is because there is no CCTV at the loss area and the vehicle has no equipment. When the motorcycle is found, the police department is not giving it back to its owner but has to complete the council process to find out the stealer network at the center of Bengkulu.
Motif Pengguna Aplikasi Tempo Di Kalangan Ibu Rumah Tangga
Authors: Ramayanti Atina Ramayanti , Narti Sri , Yanto Yanto
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out the users’ motive in using Tempo application among housewives. This research is descriptive qualitative research, data are collected by using observation, interview and documentation. In selecting the informant, the researcher uses purposive sample technique means that people who become informants are Tempo application users with criteria decided by researcher. There are 5 housewives as informants at Pasar tais of Seluma Regency. the focus which conducted by researcher is to find out the motive used by users by using Rachmat motive theory. The theory consists of cognitive and affective motives. According to the result of research, cognitive motive of the users in using the application is to obtain the information about how to do wedding make-up, dressed with other culture and knowledge about the lates artists’ make up, also the information about model dressing and wedding dress. In affective motive, the happy feeling because the users can feel the latest wedding model, obtain new experiences and expect for praise and happy if the content is viral and expect to get positive feedback from people.
ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF LISTENERS OF RADIO DEHASEN 88.5 FM (Descriptive Study of Dehasen University Students Bengkulu)
Authors: Octaviani Vethy , Dinero Rio
Published: March 2024

Radio listeners are increasingly selective in choosing radio broadcast programs, so that the number of radio listeners is decreasing, plus the presence of other media causes a lack of listener interest in listening to radio. This is a problem for radio station managers such as Radio Dehasen 88.5 FM which is under the auspices of Dehasen University Bengkulu. The purpose of this study was to find out how much the level of listener satisfaction on Radio Dehasen 88.5 FM, especially among students at Dehasen University Bengkulu. This study uses the Uses and Gratification Theory which focuses on the use of media (uses) to get satisfaction (gratification). This research is a quantitative research with the method used is survey. The sample in this study amounted to 98 people. From the results of this study it can be seen that the intensity of listening to the radio by listeners of Dehasen 88.5 FM Radio is as much as 30.4% listening to the radio for 10-45 minutes, 53.6% listening for 46-90 minutes, 8.9% listening for 91-135 minutes, and 7.1% listened for 135-180. The Uses and Gratification theory shows that the main problem is not how the media changes audience attitudes and behavior, but how the media fulfills the personal and social needs of audiences. This study wants to know whether listening to the radio can fulfill listener satisfaction, namely information satisfaction, personal identity satisfaction, social interaction satisfaction, and entertainment satisfaction. These indicators are used to measure listener satisfaction in listening to the radio. Based on the average results of the research, the listener satisfaction level of Dehasen 88.5 FM Radio is in the Fairly Satisfied category with a percentage score of 49.324%. With these findings, it is hoped that it can provide input for the managers of Dehasen 88.5 FM Radio to further improve the quality of radio delivery that is tailored to listeners' interests and what things can satisfy these listeners so that Dehasen 88.5 FM Radio can continue to exist in the future and be able to compete with other radio stations.
The Impact of the Zakat Calculator Application on Zakat and Waqf Management Study Program Students
Authors: Harpepen Andi , Yuniara Yuyun , Safitri Mitra Ningsih , Yanto Muhammad Pebri
Published: March 2024

Regarding the zakat calculator application using a programming language that can be used for smartphones/mobile phones with a simple program appearance according to the type of zakat you want to calculate so that it can be used by students. This application makes it easier for people, especially students, to carry out zakat calculation activities according to their types. From the system that has been implemented, the results of calculating zakat according to its type will be easier because the system used is a practical system in the form of a smartphone/cell phone application that can be easily accessed and the results can be accepted by the community, especially students. The zakat calculator application is an application that is applied to an Android smartphone which can help Muslims in calculating zakat that must be issued according to the regulations of Allah and His Messenger which can be used anytime, anywhere, and by anyone, besides that this application is also equipped with a menu feature in which there is an explanation of the history of zakat, zakat law, types of zakat, and mustahik zakat. This application uses the formula for calculating zakat assets and professional zakat which is applied to a coding program that will calculate the amount of zakat assets and professional zakat that must be issued by Muslims. This zakat calculation application can help Muslims in calculating zakat assets and professional zakat that must be issued and with the zakat alarm feature it can be used as a reference for reminders in paying zakat in a timely manner.
The Construction of A Strategic Issue: Issue Selling as A Narrative Process
Authors: Vacquier Romain , Garreau Lionel , Dameron Stéphanie
Published: March 2024

For the past 30 years, the issue-selling movement has uncovered the vast repertoire of actions by which ‘sellers’ persuade a decision-maker that an issue is strategic. While these works have a rational and teleological conception of this phenomenon, implying that the strategic scope of the issue is given ex ante, other research in strategy shows that such scope is a social and discursive construction based on interactions between various actors. This article proposes a model of issue selling as an emergent narrative process. Based on a qualitative survey of 42 middle managers, using semistructured interviews, we show this process starts with a phase of incremental elaboration, in which the seller informally shares narrative fragments with a network of actors, followed by a phase of interpretation, in which the seller formally presents his or her narrative to a decision-maker, coherently articulating previously collected narrative fragments. We also show that the passage between these two phases is allowed by what we call the ‘strategic construction’ of the narrative. These results help to show that issue selling is a less solitary and rational process than previous work suggests.
Socio-Professional Trajectories of Refugees in France: An Identity Work Perspective
Authors: Taghavi Shiva , Zannad Hédia , Mandalaki Emmanouela
Published: March 2024

This qualitative study investigates refugees’ socio-professional trajectories in France. Our findings suggest that refugees follow different socio-professional paths shaped by identity work and acculturation mechanisms as they go about integrating in the French context. We identify three socio-professional trajectories: ‘adjusting’, ‘enhancing’, and ‘detaching’. This study contributes, firstly, to research on refugees’ socio-professional adjustment and vocational adaptation, and secondly, to the literature on identity work. It does so by offering novel insights into the processes of repairing, reorienting, and reconstructing cultural and professional identities in the context of refugees’ relocation to host countries, in this case, France.
Revitalizing Higher Education: An in-Depth Analysis of Tetfund Intervention Policy and its Impact on Staff Development in Kogi State
Authors: John Alabi Olatunji , Patrick Okeme Ukwumonu , Ifahtimehin Olayemi Olufemi
Published: March 2024

This study examines the impact of Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund) intervention on staff development in three tertiary institutions in Kogi State: Prince Abubakar Audu University (PAAU) Anyigba, Kogi State Polytechnic, and Federal College of Education Okene. Focused on the challenges of inadequate education financing in Africa, particularly Nigeria, the study aims to (1) review the TETFund Intervention Policy and (2) assess its effects on staff development in Nigerian universities. Utilizing a survey research design, data were collected from 1,098 respondents through structured questionnaires and interviews. The analysis, employing descriptive and inferential statistics, highlights the positive impact of TETFund intervention on infrastructure, staff training, and institutional development. The findings underscore the need for sustained funding with rigorous monitoring for Nigerian tertiary institutions.
"Exploring the Implementation of Curriculum Audit in Colegio De Santa Rita De San Carlos, Inc.: Basis for a Learning Transition Program Towards the Matatag Curriculum"
Authors: S. Ygay Melissa
Published: March 2024

This study investigated the implementation of curriculum audit at Colegio de Santa Rita de San Carlos, Inc. (CSRC) to develop a learning transition program for the new Matatag Curriculum. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach with qualitative, quantitative, and integration/triangulation phases, the research involved 21 teachers in focus groups and 382 students in a survey. The analysis unearthed key practices, assessed their impact on student learning outcomes, and formulated a comprehensive Learning Transition Program encompassing various aspects like teacher development, curriculum enhancement, student support, stakeholder engagement, curriculum articulation, program evaluation, and sustainability. These findings offer a valuable assessment of CSRC's learning environment and highlight the institution's dedication to continuous improvement. The program aims to foster a dynamic learning environment focused on enhancing student experiences and academic achievement through collaboration between teachers and students.
Searching for Giant Exoplanets around M-dwarf Stars (GEMS) I: Survey Motivation
Authors: Kanodia Shubham , Cañas Caleb I. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Ford Eric B. , Helled Ravit , Anderson Dana E. , Boss Alan , Cochran William D. , Delamer Megan , Han Te , Libby-Roberts Jessica E. , Lin Andrea S. J. , Müller Simon , Robertson Paul , Stefánsson Gumundur , Teske Johanna
Published: March 2024

Recent discoveries of transiting giant exoplanets around M-dwarf stars (GEMS), aided by the all-sky coverage of TESS, are starting to stretch theories of planet formation through the core-accretion scenario. Recent upper limits on their occurrence suggest that they decrease with lower stellar masses, with fewer GEMS around lower-mass stars compared to solar-type. In this paper, we discuss existing GEMS both through confirmed planets, as well as protoplanetary disk observations, and a combination of tests to reconcile these with theoretical predictions. We then introduce the Searching for GEMS survey, where we utilize multidimensional nonparameteric statistics to simulate hypothetical survey scenarios to predict the required sample size of transiting GEMS with mass measurements to robustly compare their bulk-density with canonical hot Jupiters orbiting FGK stars. Our Monte Carlo simulations predict that a robust comparison requires about 40 transiting GEMS (compared to the existing sample of ∼15) with 5σ mass measurements. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of existing occurrence estimates for GEMS and provide a brief description of our planned systematic search to improve the occurrence rate estimates for GEMS.
In This Day and Age: An Empirical Gyrochronology Relation for Partially and Fully Convective Single Field Stars
Authors: Lu Yuxi(Lucy) , Angus Ruth , Foreman-Mackey Daniel , Hattori Soichiro
Published: March 2024

Gyrochronology, the field of age dating stars using mainly their rotation periods and masses, is ideal for inferring the ages of individual main-sequence stars. However, due to the lack of physical understanding of the complex magnetic fields in stars, gyrochronology relies heavily on empirical calibrations that require consistent and reliable stellar age measurements across a wide range of periods and masses. In this paper, we obtain a sample of consistent ages using the gyro-kinematic age-dating method, a technique to calculate the kinematics ages of stars. Using a Gaussian process model conditioned on ages from this sample (∼1–14 Gyr) and known clusters (0.67–3.8 Gyr), we calibrate the first empirical gyrochronology relation that is capable of inferring ages for single, main-sequence stars between 0.67 and 14 Gyr. Cross-validating and testing results suggest our model can infer cluster and asteroseismic ages with an average uncertainty of just over 1 Gyr, and the inferred ages for wide binaries agree within 0.83 Gyr. With this model, we obtain gyrochronology ages for ∼100,000 stars within 1.5 kpc of the Sun with period measurements from Kepler and Zwicky Transient Facility and 384 unique planet host stars. A simple code is provided to infer gyrochronology ages of stars with temperature and period measurements.
Lyα at Cosmic Dawn with a Simulated Roman Grism Deep Field
Authors: Wold Isak G. B. , Malhotra Sangeeta , Rhoads James E. , Tilvi Vithal , Gabrielpillai Austen
Published: March 2024

The slitless grism on the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will enable deep near-infrared spectroscopy over a wide field of view. We demonstrate Roman's capability to detect Lyα galaxies at z > 7 using a multiple position angle (PA) observational strategy. We simulate Roman grism data using a realistic foreground scene from the COSMOS field. We also input fake Lyα galaxies spanning redshift z = 7.5–10.5 and a line-flux range of interest. We show how a novel data-cube search technique—CUBGRISM—originally developed for the Galaxy Evolution Explorer can be applied to Roman grism data to produce a Lyα flux-limited sample without the need for continuum detections. We investigate the impact of altering the number of independent PAs and exposure time. A deep Roman grism survey with 25 PAs and a total exposure time of 70 hr can achieve Lyα line depths comparable to the deepest z = 7 narrowband surveys (L
Lyα
≳ 1043 erg s−1). Assuming a null result, where the opacity of the intergalactic medium (IGM) remains unchanged from z ∼ 7, this level of sensitivity will detect ∼400 deg−2 Lyα emitters from z = 7.25 to 8.75. A decline from this expected number density is the signature of an increasing neutral hydrogen fraction and the onset of reionization. Our simulations indicate that a deep Roman grism survey has the ability to measure the timing and magnitude of this decline, allowing us to infer the ionization state of the IGM and helping us to distinguish between models of reionization.
BST1047+1156: A (Failing) Ultradiffuse Tidal Dwarf in the Leo I Group
Authors: Mihos J. Christopher , Durrell Patrick R. , Watkins Aaron E. , McGaugh Stacy S. , Feldmeier John
Published: March 2024

We use deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging to study the resolved stellar populations in BST1047+1156, a gas-rich, ultradiffuse dwarf galaxy found in the intragroup environment of the Leo I galaxy group. While our imaging reaches approximately two magnitudes below the tip of the red giant branch at the Leo I distance of 11 Mpc, we find no evidence for an old red giant sequence that would signal an extended star formation history for the object. Instead, we clearly detect the red and blue helium-burning sequences of its stellar populations, as well as the fainter blue main sequence, all indicative of a recent burst of star formation having taken place over the past 50–250 Myr. Comparing to isochrones for young metal-poor stellar populations, we infer this post-starburst population to be moderately metal-poor, with metallicity [M/H] in the range −1 to −1.5. The combination of a young, moderately metal-poor post starburst population and no old stars motivates a scenario in which BST1047 was recently formed during a weak burst of star formation in gas that was tidally stripped from the outskirts of the neighboring massive spiral M96. BST1047's extremely diffuse nature, lack of ongoing star formation, and disturbed H i morphology all argue that it is a transitory object, a “failing tidal dwarf” in the process of being disrupted by interactions within the Leo I group. Finally, in the environment surrounding BST1047, our imaging also reveals the old, metal-poor ([M/H] = − 1.3 ± 0.2) stellar halo of M96 at a projected radius of 50 kpc.
Second Harmonic Electromagnetic Wave Emissions from a Turbulent Plasma with Random Density Fluctuations
Authors: Krafft C. , Volokitin A. S.
Published: March 2024

In the solar wind, electromagnetic waves at the harmonic plasma frequency 2ω

p
can be generated as a result of coalescence between forward- and backward-propagating Langmuir waves. A new approach to calculate their radiation efficiency in plasmas with external background density fluctuations is developed. The evolution of Langmuir wave turbulence is studied by solving numerically the Zakharov equations in a two-dimensional randomly inhomogeneous plasma. Then, the dynamics of the nonlinear electric currents modulated at frequencies close to 2ω

p
are calculated, as well as their radiation into harmonic electromagnetic waves. In the frame of this non-self-consistent approach where all transformations of Langmuir waves on density inhomogeneities are taken into account, the electromagnetic wave radiation rate (emissivity) is determined numerically as well as analytically, providing in both cases similar results. Moreover, scaling laws of the harmonic wave emissivity as a function of the ratio of the light velocity to the electron plasma thermal velocity are found. It is also shown how the emissivity depends on the average level of density fluctuations and on the isotropic/anisotropic character of the Langmuir waves’ and density fluctuations’ spectra.
Velocity Acoustic Oscillations on Cosmic Dawn 21 cm Power Spectrum as a Probe of Small-scale Density Fluctuations
Authors: Zhang Xin , Lin Hengjie , Zhang Meng , Yue Bin , Gong Yan , Xu Yidong , Chen Xuelei
Published: March 2024

We investigate the feasibility of using the velocity acoustic oscillations (VAO) features on the Cosmic Dawn 21 cm power spectrum to probe small-scale density fluctuations. In the standard cold dark matter (CDM) model, Population III stars form in minihalos and affect the 21 cm signal through Lyα and X-ray radiation. Such a process is modulated by the relative motion between dark matter and baryons, generating the VAO wiggles on the 21 cm power spectrum. In the fuzzy or warm dark matter models for which the number of minihalos is reduced, the VAO wiggles are weaker or even fully invisible. We investigate the wiggle features in the CDM with different astrophysical models and in different dark matter models. We find that (1) in the CDM model the relative streaming velocities can generate the VAO wiggles for broad ranges of parameters f
*, ζ

X
, and f
esc,LW
ζ
LW, though for different parameters the wiggles would appear at different redshifts and have different amplitudes. (2) For the axion model with m
a ≲ 10−19 eV, the VAO wiggles are negligible. In the mixed model, the VAO signal is sensitive to the axion fraction. For example, the wiggles almost disappear when f
a ≳ 10% for m
a = 10−21 eV. Therefore, the VAO signal can be an effective indicator for small-scale density fluctuations and a useful probe of the nature of dark matter. The Square Kilometre Array-low with ∼2000 hr observation time has the ability to detect the VAO signal and constrain dark matter models.
Preliminary Discussion on the Current Sheet
Authors: Ding Tao , Zhang Jun , Fang Yuan , Ma Zhiying
Published: March 2024

The current sheet is a characteristic structure of magnetic energy dissipation during the magnetic reconnection process. So far, the width and depth of the current sheet are still indefinite. Here we investigate 64 current sheets observed by four telescopes from 1999 to 2022, and all of them have been well identified in the previous literature. In each current sheet, three width values are obtained at the quartering points. Based on these investigated cases, we obtain 192 values, which are in a wide range from hundreds to tens of thousands of kilometers. By calculating the pixel width (PW: the ratio of the current sheet width to the pixel resolution of corresponding observed data) of these current sheets, we find that more than 80% of the PW values concentrate on 2–4 pixels, indicating that the widths of the current sheets are dependent strongly on the instrument resolutions and all the sheets have no observable three-dimensional information. To interpret this result, we suggest that there are two probabilities. One is that the width of the current sheet is smaller than the instrument resolution, and the other is that the detected current sheet is only a small segment of the real one. Furthermore, there is another possible scenario. The so-called current sheet is just an emission-enhanced region.
The ALCHEMI Atlas: Principal Component Analysis Reveals Starburst Evolution in NGC 253
Authors: Harada Nanase , Meier David S. , Martín Sergio , Muller Sebastien , Sakamoto Kazushi , Saito Toshiki , Gorski Mark D. , Henkel Christian , Tanaka Kunihiko , Mangum Jeffrey G. , Aalto Susanne , Aladro Rebeca , Bouvier Mathilde , Colzi Laura , Emig Kimberly L. , Herrero-Illana Rubén , Huang Ko-Yun , Kohno Kotaro , König Sabine , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Nishimura Yuri , Takano Shuro , Rivilla Víctor M. , Viti Serena , Watanabe Yoshimasa , van der Werf Paul P. , Yoshimura Yuki
Published: March 2024

Molecular lines are powerful diagnostics of the physical and chemical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM). These ISM properties, which affect future star formation, are expected to differ in starburst galaxies from those of more quiescent galaxies. We investigate the ISM properties in the central molecular zone of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253 using the ultrawide millimeter spectral scan survey from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Large Program ALCHEMI. We present an atlas of velocity-integrated images at a 1.″6 resolution of 148 unblended transitions from 44 species, including the first extragalactic detection of HCNH+ and the first interferometric images of C3H+, NO, and HCS+. We conduct a principal component analysis (PCA) on these images to extract correlated chemical species and to identify key groups of diagnostic transitions. To the best of our knowledge, our data set is currently the largest astronomical set of molecular lines to which PCA has been applied. The PCA can categorize transitions coming from different physical components in NGC 253 such as (i) young starburst tracers characterized by high-excitation transitions of HC3N and complex organic molecules versus tracers of on-going star formation (radio recombination lines) and high-excitation transitions of CCH and CN tracing photodissociation regions, (ii) tracers of cloud-collision-induced shocks (low-excitation transitions of CH3OH, HNCO, HOCO+, and OCS) versus shocks from star formation-induced outflows (high-excitation transitions of SiO), as well as (iii) outflows showing emission from HOC+, CCH, H3O+, CO isotopologues, HCN, HCO+, CS, and CN. Our findings show these intensities vary with galactic dynamics, star formation activities, and stellar feedback.
Physiological role of genes involved in taurine biosynthesis in fishes and in silico approach to determine transcription factors in their promoters’ zone
Authors: Martínez-Burguete Talhia , Peña-Marín Emyr Saul , Martínez-García Rafael , Llera-Herrera Raúl Antonio , Alvarez-González Carlos Alfonso
Published: March 2024

Taurine, an amino sulfonic acid that is sometimes referred to as an amino acid, is endogenously synthesized by the action of the key genes/enzymes: cysteine dioxygenase (cdo), cysteine sulfonate decarboxylase (csad), glutamate decarboxylase (gad), and 2-amino ethanethiol dioxygenase (ado). The taurine transporter (taut) also distributes this taurine formation across the plasma. These genes have been identified as important in different physiological processes such as reproduction, digestion, olfactory, visual, circulatory, and muscular systems. Thus, a literature review of these genes in fish has been described in the present work. Moreover, there is null information regarding the study of regulatory elements such as transcription factors (TFs) in taurine biosynthesis and transportation genes of fishes. In this interest and taking advantage of the availability of different sequence databases, bioinformatics can be applied as a first approach for an in silico identification of the putative TFs and transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) that might play an important role in regulating these genes. The results showed that some are commonly shared, whereas TFs and TFBs vary among fish species. Hence, binding sites for homeobox protein BarH-like 1 (BARX1), brain-specific homeobox protein homolog (BSX), helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF), homeobox protein Hox-A7 (HOXA7), homeobox protein Hox-B3 (HOXB3), homeobox protein Hox-B6 (HOXB6), homeobox protein Meis1 (MEIS1), homeobox protein Meis3 (MEIS3), nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATC1), and homeobox protein Nkx-6.2 (NKX6-2) were commonly found in the promoter regions of genes involved in taurine transportation and biosynthesis. Additionally, our results suggested that the frequency of HOXB3, a transcription factor involved in development, has repetitive TFBS sites in the promoter region of all species analyzed in the present study. Although bioinformatics gives us an approach to determine putative TFs and TFBS, further work is needed to verify how the found regulatory elements play a key role in taurine biosynthesis and transportation.
Channel catfish, a species with potential deposition of human-beneficial fatty acids
Authors: Parra-Bracamonte Gaspar Manuel , Perales-Torres Adriana L. , Magaña-Monforte Juan G. , Lara-Rivera Ana L. , Segura-Correa José C. , García-Ruiz Yonatan
Published: March 2024

Fatty acids from fish are of great interest for human consumption, and the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) is one of the most important aquaculture species in Mexico and perhaps in other countries with similar resource endowments. Channel catfish occupy a trophic level that theoretically and potentially allows the retention and de novo biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids (FAs), essential for human nutrition and health. Here, we present an overview of the main features of FAs, their reported average levels and extreme values in channel catfish assessments, and their correlations. The importance of FAs for human consumption and some implications for future research are discussed.
The first record of Ripiphoridae (Coleoptera, Cucujiformia, Tenebrionoidea) family in Georgia
Authors: Iskandarova Tukazban , Japarashvili Shota , Bulbulashvili Natalia , Seropian Armen
Published: March 2024

The Ripiphoridae family is reported from Georgia for the first time, based on the collected specimens of Macrosiagon bimaculata (Fabricius, 1787), Ptilophorus dufouri (Latreille, 1817), and Ripiphorus subdipterus (Bosc d'Antic, 1792). Collection data, along with photographs of the preserved specimens, are provided.
Variation in root traits and phenotypic plasticity between native and introduced populations of the invasive plant Chromolaena odorata
Authors: Li Yang-Ping , Li Wei-Tao , Niu Yan-Fen , Feng Yu-Long
Published: March 2024

Understanding intraspecific trait variations, particularly for invasive species that occupy large geographic areas with different resource conditions, can enhance our understanding of plant responses to changes in environmental resources. However, most related studies have focused on aboveground traits, while variations in root traits and responses to changes in resources during biological invasion have not been clarified. To fill this knowledge gap, we compared the root traits of Chromolaena odorata from 10 introduced populations in Southeast Asia and 12 native populations in North and Central America under different soil nutrients. The introduced populations of the invader exhibited greater resource-acquisitive root traits, characterized by reduced fine root diameter but increased proportions of absorbing root length and specific root length, compared to the native populations. Although nutrient addition significantly affected root traits, the introduced populations showed greater phenotypic plasticity in four traits (root / shoot ratio, specific root length, absorbing root length proportion, and branching intensity) than the native populations. Different root trait syndromes were observed between the introduced and native populations. These results indicate that after introduction, C. odorata may shift towards a more soil resource-acquisitive strategy and thus respond more positively to increased soils nutrients, thereby showing better performance in high-resource environments. This study provides a better understanding of how species respond to environment changes and reveals the factors underlying exotic plant invasion success.
« N’ourler ni les manches ni l’histoire » : le nouvel Islam public en Turquie au masculin et les « objets-clipses » comme garants de la foi
Authors: Félix Sousbois Ozan
Published: March 2024

Porteurs de nombreuses significations, les objets se présentent parfois comme des marqueurs de confrontations idéologiques. Une autre de leurs caractéristiques tient dans leur puissance théâtrale et décorative dans la mise-en-scène des catégories du genre. L’arrivée de l’AKP au pouvoir en 2002, sa mutation idéologique au cours des années 2000 et les multiples tentatives du président actuel d’être le porte-parole du monde musulman dans tout le Proche-Orient semblent avoir joué un rôle dans l’ouverture de l’espace public à la présence islamique, non seulement en Turquie mais également en Europe. Cette visibilité a contribué à définir les contours d’un Islam public valorisant de façon combinée l’individualisme et la contemporanéité face à la tradition. Avec son identité néo-libérale, l’AKP a « connecté » d’un côté les milieux islamo-conservateurs aux dynamiques globales et de l’autre, il a mobilisé ses positions anti-occidentales pour mettre en avant sa posture conservatrice et populiste. Ainsi, l’histoire de l’Islam public en Turquie peut-elle être aussi lue comme un positionnement systématiquement frontal avec la modernisation à l’occidentale. Le « moderne » du kémalisme est, dans ce contexte, flouté, voire estompé, derrière le « moderne » conservateur de l’AKP, toujours à la recherche de sa légitimité socio-culturelle. Moins visible que le sujet conservateur féminin, l’homme a également transformé son image lors de cette période de mutation, transformation toutefois dissimulée par les dynamiques masculinistes et cosmopolites de l’espace urbain turc. Il est devenu dépendant des objets culturels utilisés pour marquer et stabiliser son schéma corporel « conservateur ». Définie comme « fonction-clipse », cette tactique ne le « protège » pas seulement de l’image d’homme hyper-occidentalisé, mais le distingue également d’un Islam traditionnel en lui permettant d’exister en tant qu’acteur politique contemporain et différencié.
Mixed-Effects Methods for Search and Matching Research
Authors: M. Abowd John , L. McKinney Kevin
Published: March 2024

Nous étudions les méthodes à effets mixtes pour l’estimation d’équations contenant des effets individuels et d’entreprise. En économie, ces modèles sont généralement estimés à l’aide de méthodes à effets fixes. Les améliorations récentes de ces méthodes à effets fixes incluent des corrections du biais dans l’estimation de la matrice de covariance des effets individuels et d’entreprise, que nous considérons également.