bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chitinase A, a tightly regulated virulence factor of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, is actively secreted by a Type 10 Secretion System
Authors: Krone Lena , Faass Larissa , Hauke Martina , Josenhans Christine , Geiger Tobias
Published: April 2023

As a facultative intracellular pathogen, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the leading causes of food-borne diseases in humans. With the ingestion of fecal contaminated food or water, S. Typhimurium reaches the intestine. Here, the pathogen efficiently invades intestinal epithelial cells of the mucosal epithelium by the use of multiple virulence factors. Recently, chitinases have been described as emerging virulence factors of S. Typhimurium that contribute to the attachment and invasion of the intestinal epithelium, prevent immune activation, and modulate the host glycome. Here we find that the deletion of chiA leads to diminished adhesion and invasion of polarized intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) compared to wild-type S. Typhimurium. Interestingly, no apparent impact on interaction was detected when using non-polarized IEC or HeLa epithelial cells. In concordance, we demonstrate that chiA gene and ChiA protein expression was solely induced when bacteria gain contact with polarized IEC. The induction of chiA transcripts needs the specific activity of transcriptional regulator ChiR, which is co-localized with chiA in the chitinase operon. Moreover, we established that after chiA is induced, a major portion of the bacterial population expresses chiA, analyzed by flow cytometry. Once expressed, we found ChiA in the bacterial supernatants using Western blot analyses. ChiA secretion was completely abolished when accessory genes within the chitinase operon encoding for a holin and a peptidoglycan hydrolase were deleted. Holins, peptidoglycan hydrolases, and large extracellular enzymes in close proximity have been described as components of the bacterial holin/peptidoglycan hydrolase-dependent protein secretion system or Type 10 Secretion System. Overall, our results confirm that chitinase A is an important virulence factor, tightly regulated by ChiR, that promotes adhesion and invasion upon contact with polarized IEC and is likely secreted by a Type 10 Secretion System (T10SS).
Agricultural waste-based magnetic biochar produced via hydrothermal route for petroleum spills adsorption
Authors: Ariyanti Dessy , Widiasa I Nyoman , Widiyanti Marissa , Lesdantina Dina , Gao Wei
Published: April 2023

Oil spills are one of the marine pollution events triggered by the results of tanker operations (air ballast), ship repairs and maintenance (docking), mid-ocean loading and unloading terminals, air bilge (drainage of water, oil, and engine-processed lubricants), ship scrapping, and the most common accidents/collisions of tankers. The impacts vary from the death of marine organisms, especially fish, changes in reproduction and behavior of organisms, plankton contamination, fish migration, as well as ecosystem damage, and economic loss. Bio-based absorbents such as biochar can be an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical sorbents that works to adsorb oil spills faster. In this study, the effectiveness of magnetic biochar in oil spill removal was investigated. It also includes the synthesisation of magnetic biochar from agricultural waste (bagasse, rice husks, and sawdust) using the hydrothermal method at a temperature of 200°C. Hydrothermal carbonization is considered a cost-effective method for biochar production because the process can be carried out at low temperatures around 180°- 250°C. Biochar characterization was carried out with a Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) were used to analyse the surface area and pore size distribution. Based on the results of the SEM-EDX analysis, only biochar was made from rice husk and sugarcane bagasse which contained Fe elements, as a result of the FeCl3.6H2O reaction. This condition is also proven by the presence of the FeO on both samples based on FTIR. The three synthesized biochar are amorphous and categorized as mesopores due to pore size around 15 to 16 nm, which can absorb petroleum spills with a percentage of 81% for sugarcane bagasse-based biochar, 84% for rice husk-based biochar, and 70% for sawdust-based biochar. Biochar from rice husk has excellent adsorption effectiveness with an adsorption capacity of 0.21 g/g in 60 min due to its large functional group area and the excellent attachment of magnetic compound into the biochar surface to form magnetic biochar.
Seasonal Monitoring of Ocean Parameter Over Green Mussel Cultivation area in West Part of Cirebon Seawater
Authors: Badriana Mochamad Riam , Nur Ashadi Arifin , Hidayatullah Arsy Ilham , Prastyo Abi Widyananto , Bernawis Lamona Imudyati , Jeon Chungkyun , Radjawane Ivonne Milichristi , Park Hansan
Published: April 2023

West part of Cirebon in the past suffered an extraordinary event due to poisonous food found in green mussel. It is necessary to monitor current water quality over this region since this area still used for green mussel cultivation area. In-situ measurement and laboratory analysis were done to monitor the condition of seawater around Gunungjati as part of green mussel cultivation area in Cirebon regency. Several points had been measured through CTD Valeport Midas+ in prior to measure physical (temperature, salinity, pH, chlorophyll-a, turbidity) and chemical seawater (dissolved oxygen, Nitrate, Orthophosphate, Hg, Pb, Cd concentration) characteristics, meanwhile water sample had been brought to laboratory to be checked its heavy metal concentration. Additionally, past study and data related to green poison event in Cirebon was taken account into observation and analysis. Seasonal result show slightly different value though vertical distribution data where temperature (30.1°–32.3°C), salinity (26.9–32.0 psu), and pH (7.5–8.7) are high in December but lower in July, meanwhile, chlorophyll-a (0.2–20.9 mg.L-1), dissolved oxygen (0.2–7.8 mg.L-1), and turbidity (1.3–20.1 NTU) are increasing in October. Nitrate and orthophosphate concentration find in water sample is 0.097–0.537 mg.L-1 and <0.01–0.32 mg.L-1, respectively. Parameters of Cd (<0.001 mg.L-1), Hg (<0.00014 mg.L-1), and Pb (<0.001 mg.L-1) are still below the threshold. The condition of seawater of west part of Cirebon or at cultivation area is still in moderate condition based on the national standard. Although, turbidity and dissolved oxygen is still above the standard quality.
Finite element method on topology optimization applied to laminate composite of fuselage structure
Authors: Aribowo Agus , Adhynugraha Muhammad Ilham , Megawanto Fadli Cahya , Hidayat Arif , Muttaqie Teguh , Wandono Fajar Ari , Nurrohmad Abian , Chairunnisa  , Saraswati Sherly Octavia , Wiranto Ilham Bagus , Al Fikri Iqbal Reza , Saputra Muhammad Dito
Published: April 2023

This research applies a numerical study of topology optimization of laminate composite structures by using a finite element method (FEM). In this methodology, the plies orientation is excluded from the optimization. The geometry-based optimization from frames of a MALE UAV fuselage structure is presented. The minimum strain energy with an optimization constraint of 20% of weight reduction is used in the objective function. Before the primary analysis, benchmark studies of topology optimization without considering orientations from previously published literature are performed. The convergence studies were taken to acquire the appropriate mesh size in the FEM technique, which utilized a four-noded shell element. The finite element analysis and optimization results showed that the structural design of the newly framed composite fuselage MALE UAV meets the structural strength requirements specified in the airworthiness standard STANAG 4671.
The Influence of Top Management’s Strategic Planning Capacity and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Corporate Entrepreneurship
Authors: Hung Kuo-Ting , Banerjee Somnath , Nordstrom Onnolee , Tangpong Chanchai , Li Yue , Li Jin
Published: April 2023

This study examines whether, and how, top management influences middle management’s support of corporate entrepreneurship activities. Specifically, the study explores the influence of top management characteristics, i.e. strategic planning capacity and entrepreneurial orientation, on manager’s decision to support innovation adoption. We report on the findings from a vignette study. Research participants included a group of 259 experienced business professionals: 148 from the United States and 111 from China. The results suggest that the alignment of strategic planning capacity and entrepreneurial orientation influences middle management’s support for corporate entrepreneurship in both cultural settings.
Youth, Quechua and neoliberalism in contemporary Perú
Authors: Zavala Virginia
Published: April 2023

Framed within a critical and ethnographic approach to language policy, my study addresses the phenomenon of language commodification and the construction of neoliberal subjectivities in contemporary Perú. Specifically, I address a project of Quechua teaching in the city of Lima called Quechua para Todos, or Quechua for All, promoted by young Quechua activists developing interventions to change historically established imaginaries. Taking this project as a starting point, I analyze what is behind the extremely high demand these Quechua courses are having among youth in the capital city, where Quechua has been historically silenced. My argument is that a significant group of the young students from the courses have begun to integrate the Quechua language to the figure of the entrepreneurial subject for whom both personal and national branding is central. While speaking Quechua has historically indexed ‘indianness’ linked to backwardness, rurality, ancestrality and ignorance, it is now being associated with other linguistic and non-linguistic signs (such as being a professional and knowing English) to enregister a multicultural citizenship within a context of neoliberal economic growth and state policies of cultural branding. Although the demand to study Quechua in Lima is shifting the meanings and values of Quechua, at least within a domain of speakers, it may also be erasing ongoing processes of racialization of indigenous peoples in Peruvian society and fundamental gaps in access to education and economic resources.
Protected Interests under the Principles of European Tort Law (Art 2:102 PETL) – Preserving the Past for Shaping the Future
Authors: Infantino Marta
Published: April 2023

The paper examines gaps and potential amendments of art 2:102 of the Principles of European Tort Law (PETL) on the scope of protected interests in tort law, also in light of Prof Bénédict Winiger’s teachings on the history of tort law. To this end, the paper starts by highlighting the many strengths of art 2:102 PETL, focusing in particular on its ability to capture continental European identity and its inherent flexibility, making it resistant to time and compatible with multiple interpretations. It then delves into what may be undertaken to further strengthen art 2:102 PETL. Rather than modifying the provision, the paper suggests that what is most needed is further empirical research about the real world of European tort laws and a more transparent discussion about the functions that tort laws do, and could, perform.
Spin–orbit interactions in plasmonic crystals probed by site-selective cathodoluminescence spectroscopy
Authors: Taleb Masoud , Samadi Mohsen , Davoodi Fatemeh , Black Maximilian , Buhl Janek , Lüder Hannes , Gerken Martina , Talebi Nahid
Published: April 2023

The study of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) of light is crucial to explore the light–matter interactions in sub-wavelength structures. By designing a plasmonic lattice with chiral configuration that provides parallel angular momentum and spin components, one can trigger the strength of the SOC phenomena in photonic or plasmonic crystals. Herein, we explore the SOC in a plasmonic crystal, both theoretically and experimentally. Cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy combined with the numerically calculated photonic band structure reveals an energy band splitting that is ascribed to the peculiar spin–orbit interaction of light in the proposed plasmonic crystal. Moreover, we exploit angle-resolved CL and dark-field polarimetry to demonstrate circular-polarization-dependent scattering of surface plasmon waves interacting with the plasmonic crystal. This further confirms that the scattering direction of a given polarization is determined by the transverse spin angular momentum inherently carried by the SP wave, which is in turn locked to the direction of SP propagation. We further propose an interaction Hamiltonian based on axion electrodynamics that underpins the degeneracy breaking of the surface plasmons due to the spin–orbit interaction of light. Our study gives insight into the design of novel plasmonic devices with polarization-dependent directionality of the Bloch plasmons. We expect spin–orbit interactions in plasmonics will find much more scientific interests and potential applications with the continuous development of nanofabrication methodologies and uncovering new aspects of spin–orbit interactions.
Synthesis and structural analysis of d-fructofuranosylated compounds for the analysis of GH172 difructose dianhydride I synthase/hydrolase
Authors: Ishiwata Akihiro , Kashima Toma , Kaieda Machika , Tanaka Katsunori , Fujita Kiyotaka , Fushinobu Shinya , Ito Yukishige
Published: April 2023

d-Arabinofuranosidases (Arafases) degrade the arabinan in the cell wall of acid-fast bacteria like Mycobacterium. Synthetic arabinan fragment probes could be used to investigate the function of d-Arafases, whose synthetic studies had been reported previously. The homologue of one of the arabinan-degrading enzymes, exo-α-d-Arafase, was identified as BBDE_2040 from Bifidobacterium dentium. BBDE_2040, which is a homologue of α-d-Arafase, was also observed to hydrolyze α-d-fructofuranosides (Fruf), whose linkage is found in food. In this paper, we present synthetic studies and structural analysis of the α-d-Araf and α-d-Fruf derivatives as substrates and products of the enzymatic reaction for a thorough examination of BBDE_2040. The results indicated that BBDE_2040 is a glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 172 difructose dianhydride I synthase/hydrolase and an anomer-retaining GH.
Chemistry of 2,2′-(diamino)azobenzene ligand: a brief review
Authors: Mandal Paritosh , Pratihar Jahar L.
Published: April 2023

In the last few decades, transition metal complexes incorporating various azo ligands have drawn much attention. A different group of researchers designed various multidentate azo ligands and explored the coordinating behavior with transition metals of such azo ligands. Transition metal chelates have a wide range of applications in synthetic chemistry. The ligand backbone containing both azo (–N=N–) and azomethine (–CH=N–) or imine (C=N–) groups have gained remarkable impetus for research in organometallic chemistry. The transition metal chelates incorporating azo-azomethine ligands are plentiful owing to their variant features with multiple coordination sites of the polydentate ligands. The versatile geometry of metal chelates and their potential applications in various fields of life has bestowed a high platform in coordination chemistry. The current review covers the synthetic strategies and coordination behavior of a potential azo ligand named 2,2′-bis(diamino)azobenzene and its related ligands with metal complexes of d-block elements. We have also scrutinized the applications of these ligands in synthetic chemistry and the azo-imine character of ligands in metal complexes.
Diminished Neuronal ESCRT-0 Function Exacerbates AMPA Receptor Derangement and Accelerates Prion-Induced Neurodegeneration
Authors: Lawrence Jessica A. , Aguilar-Calvo Patricia , Ojeda-Juárez Daniel , Khuu Helen , Soldau Katrin , Pizzo Donald P. , Wang Jin , Malik Adela , Shay Timothy F. , Sullivan Erin E. , Aulston Brent , Song Seung Min , Callender Julia A. , Sanchez Henry , Geschwind Michael D. , Roy Subhojit , Rissman Robert A. , Trejo JoAnn , Tanaka Nobuyuki , Wu Chengbiao , Chen Xu , Patrick Gentry N. , Sigurdson Christina J.
Published: April 2023

Endolysosomal defects in neurons are central to the pathogenesis of prion and other neurodegenerative disorders. In prion disease, prion oligomers traffic through the multivesicular body (MVB) and are routed for degradation in lysosomes or for release in exosomes, yet how prions impact proteostatic pathways is unclear. We found that prion-affected human and mouse brain showed a marked reduction in Hrs and STAM1 (ESCRT-0), which route ubiquitinated membrane proteins from early endosomes into MVBs. To determine how the reduction in ESCRT-0 impacts prion conversion and cellular toxicityin vivo, we prion-challenged conditional knockout mice (male and female) havingHrsdeleted from neurons, astrocytes, or microglia. The neuronal, but not astrocytic or microglial, Hrs-depleted mice showed a shortened survival and an acceleration in synaptic derangements, including an accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, deregulation of phosphorylated AMPA and metabotropic glutamate receptors, and profoundly altered synaptic structure, all of which occurred later in the prion-infected control mice. Finally, we found that neuronal Hrs (nHrs) depletion increased surface levels of the cellular prion protein, PrPC, which may contribute to the rapidly advancing disease through neurotoxic signaling. Taken together, the reduced Hrs in the prion-affected brain hampers ubiquitinated protein clearance at the synapse, exacerbates postsynaptic glutamate receptor deregulation, and accelerates neurodegeneration.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPrion diseases are rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorders characterized by prion aggregate spread through the central nervous system. Early disease features include ubiquitinated protein accumulation and synapse loss. Here, we investigate how prion aggregates alter ubiquitinated protein clearance pathways (ESCRT) in mouse and human prion-infected brain, discovering a marked reduction in Hrs. Using a prion-infection mouse model with neuronal Hrs (nHrs) depleted, we show that low neuronal Hrs is detrimental and markedly shortens survival time while accelerating synaptic derangements, including ubiquitinated protein accumulation, indicating that Hrs loss exacerbates prion disease progression. Additionally, Hrs depletion increases the surface distribution of prion protein (PrPC), linked to aggregate-induced neurotoxic signaling, suggesting that Hrs loss in prion disease accelerates disease through enhancing PrPC-mediated neurotoxic signaling.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PEMOTONG UBI-UBIAN OTOMATIS DENGAN PENDORONG PUTARAN ULIR DAN PEGAS BERTENAGA MOTOR LISTRIK
Authors: Fachrezi Nauval Wildan , Bahatmaka Aldias , Fajar Dwi , Shidiq Muhammad Haris
Published: April 2023

Cassava is a food ingredient that has a high carbohydrate content. Cassava farming products are widely available in Klaten Regency. Cassava is used to make raw materials for processed food which are relatively easy to process. However, it is a pity that the processing of these sweet potatoes is still done manually, especially in the process of cutting the sweet potatoes. So we need an innovation that can facilitate the community in the processing of sweet potatoes. Based on the problems faced by cassava chip manufacturers in Klaten, an alternative solution was developed by modifying and automating a semi-automatic cassava chip making machine with a push spring. With the design of this machine, it is hoped that it can help the production of cassava chips because if the cutting is done with a machine, the time needed is shorter and the shape is more consistent.
PERANCANGAN TURBIN ANGIN SAVONIUS UNTUK SISTEM PENERANGAN DENGAN STRIP LED PADA JEMBATAN
Authors: Adi Widodo , Anis Samsudin , Nauval Wildan , Zuhri Ahmad , Wiraardi Profit , Nur Fatta Muhammad Affa
Published: April 2023

Today the availability of energy sources in the future is a global problem that continues to be the concern of all countries in the world. Electrical energy is one of the most basic needs in a country, especially in Indonesia. In addition to the problem of the need for electrical energy, lighting in the bridge area is also still a polemic to this day. Based on the studies that have been carried out, it is necessary to maximize the utilization of renewable energy sources, one of which is wind energy as a supplier of electrical energy by applying the concept of a wind power plant (PLTB). Based on the problems that have been described, a creative and innovative idea was initiated to help lighting on bridges in an effort to reduce the number of traffic accidents with the design title Savonius wind turbines for lighting systems with LED strips on bridges.
DESAIN ALAT PEMASANGAN DAN PENCOPOT VALVE SPRING SEDERHANA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKANAN DARI IMPACT DRIVER
Authors: Rosandi Anwar , Anis Samsudin , Yudha Damai , Wijaya Tonny Laksamana , Kuncoro Adhihanto
Published: April 2023

The purpose of designing this tool is to create an alternative tool to install and remove the Valve Spring that is simpler and easier to use and more efficient, create a tool concept to install and remove the Valve Spring that is simpler and more effective which can then be used by the engineering tool manufacturing industry to create new tools, as well as to be able to help technicians as tool users by simplifying work and saving work time.
Effect of calcium hypochlorite on surface sterilization and seedling growth of Vietnamese coconut varieties
Authors: Phuong Quynh Tran , Lan Xuan Hoang Thi , Ai My Tran , Thanh Thao Nguyen , Phuong Thao Nguyen , Thien Quang Nguyen
Published: April 2023

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) or 'the tree of life' is one of the most important palm crops due to its versatility. Reduction in coconut productivity due to natural calamity and disease threats has raised the urgent need to develop in vitro techniques that can overcome the obstacles of the traditional breeding method. Embryo culture is one of the earliest in vitro culture techniques applied to practical problems and so far has proved itself to be of great value to breeders. However, contamination is one of the most serious problems that reduces the efficiency in in vitro culture techniques. Thus, appropriate surface sterilization treatments are highly important to in vitro culture establishment. The present study was performed to evaluate the sterilization effect of calcium hypochlorite by comparing with sodium hypochlorite. This study also examined the effects of calcium hypochlorite concentrations on plantlets morphogenesis. The findings revealed that amongst the tested treatments, 0.5% (w/v) calcium hypochlorite was the most effective treatment with the lowest rate of contamination. This treatment also significantly improved shoot and root elongation in comparison with calcium hypochlorite at higher concentrations (3% and 6%, w/v). Thus, this concentration was found to be optimal for surface sterilization of two coconut cultivars - Aromatic and Xiem Red Dwarf. Besides that, the results obtained from this study indicated that 70% (v/v) ethanol was not critical in surface sterilization protocol of coconut embryo culture. This research has provided an improved approach for surface sterilization which was previously dependent on sodium hypochlorite and ethanol.
Molecular assessment of pitviper populations (genus trimeresurus) in Laos and Vietnam reveals new country record and overlooked diversity
Authors: Thi Hanh Ngo , Quang Truong Nguyen , Minh Hanh Nguyen Vu , Quang Vinh Luu , Phimphasone Vilay , Van Nghia Ha , Ziegler Thomas , Le Minh Duc
Published: April 2023

Vietnam is home to at least ten species of the genus Trimeresurus (Asian green pitvipers) and at minimum five members are found in Laos. The number has been increasing in recent years because of new species descriptions, e.g., Trimeresurus guoi, and new records of recently discovered taxa, such as T. cardamomensis. However, the genus has still been poorly studied in Laos and Vietnam as many areas in the two countries have not been sufficiently surveyed. In addition, the taxonomic status of several populations in the two countries has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we sequenced 18 new samples of the Asian green pitvipers collected from various sites in Vietnam and from Khammouane province in Laos. Our analyses based on a short fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene confirm the occurrence of T. stejnegeri in Laos and thus increase the species richness in the country to at least six, but more study needs to be undertaken to better understand the diversity of the species group. Two other populations from Khammouane province potentially constitute cryptic species, although further investigation is warranted. In Vietnam, T. albolabris is broadly distributed and divided into two clades with unknown taxonomic status. Moreover, T. gumprechti is discovered in two new localities from the Northeastern provinces of Bac Giang and Cao Bang. It is apparent that this species might represent a species complex, which requires more detailed taxonomic treatment.
Prevalence and whole-genome analysis of multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolated from chicken carcasses in Hanoi
Authors: Nguyen Trung Thanh , Le Hoa Vinh , Ta Yen Thi , Pham Da Xuan , Nguyen Nam Trung
Published: April 2023

Salmonella enterica is one of the most dangerous food-borne pathogens posing a significant global concern especially to travelers returning from developing countries. Given that chicken is the main reservoir for Salmonella, the emergence and spread of multi-drug resistant Salmonella from chicken have not been fully described in Vietnam. The present study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistances of Salmonella from chicken carcasses. Among 104 raw chickens collected from 5 districts in Hanoi city, 65 samples were contaminated with Salmonella of which the highest contamination rate was found in Thanh Xuan. A total of 63/65 (96.9%) of Salmonella isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 61/65 (93.9%) of the isolates were found to be multidrug resistant. Whole-genome sequencing was employed to analyze 4 strains with high (12_S2 and 61_S18) and low (19_S4 and 8_S1) antimicrobial resistance patterns. Genomic analysis indicated the presence of 27 genes conferring antibiotic resistance. Genotypes were highly correlated to observed phenotypes in 4 strains. Importantly, extended-spectrum β-lactamase blaCTX-M-55 and colistin resistance mcr-3 were reported in isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. This is the first report showing the prevalence and genome sequences of Salmonella from chicken carcasses collected in Hanoi, Vietnam. The results represented herein provided the basis to understand the dynamics of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella in Vietnam and to spot antimicrobial resistance determinants for early diagnosis.
Isolation of rice endophytic bacterial strain VY81 and study on its bioactive compound antagonizing the phytopathogen Dickeya zeae
Authors: Duy Toi Nguyen , Ngoc Mai Dinh Thi , Hieu Thu Nguyen Thi , Tien Dat Nguyen , Nhu Thao Nguyen Kim , Thuy Hang Dinh
Published: April 2023

The bacterial communities performing endophytic lifestyle have been proven to possess a number of characteristics useful to host plants and thus are considered as “plant probiotics”. Many probiotic bacteria were reported for antagonism against different plant pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. The use of endophytic bacteria as biocontrol agents would have great potentials, allowing reducing the use of agrochemicals and thus support a sustainable agriculture. 

       In this study, endophytic bacteria isolated from rice plants of IR4625 cultivar from Long An province, Vietnam were used for screening strains that have antagonistic activity against Dickeya zeae (Dz), the bacterium causing foot rot disease. The rice plants had foot rot disease symptoms, i.e. dark-brown foot with odor smell typical for bacterial infection. Strain VY81 was isolated from a surface sterilized rice stem sample adjacent to the foot rot area. The crude extract of strain VY81 showed significant antagonistic activity against Dz, with the inhibition zone of 14,25 mm ± 1,06 in diameter. Strain VY81 produced the compound antagonizing Dz at maximal level after 48 h cultivated in TSB medium. The activity was found mainly in the culture broth, just a small part was found intracellularly. The bioactive compound antagonizing D. zeae produced by strain VY81 was purified by HPLC and analyzed by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The compound was identified as a quinoline alkaloid, the chemical formula is C17H21ON with chemical name 2-(2-heptenyl)-3-methyl-4(1H)-quinolone. Comparative analyses of the 16S rDNA gene sequence revealed that strain VY81 belonged to the genus Burkholderia, most closely related to Burkholderia cepacia (99,77% sequence homology). The 16S rDNA sequence of strain VY81 was deposited at GenBank under accession number MW056196. Strain VY81 and its quinolone compound would have application potential for development of biocontrol product against the foot rot disease caused by Dickeya zeae.
Den undervisade läroplanen
Authors: Sundberg Daniel
Published: April 2023

I denna artikel riktas fokus mot vilka läroplansversioner som erbjuds i undervisningen i olika skolkontexter, i skolor (n = 4) med högre respektive lägre måluppfyllelse (75:e respektive 25:e percentilen). Genom lärar- och elevintervjuer (n = 37), rektorsintervjuer (n = 4) samt lokala läroplansdokument (n = 35) i fyra skolor under ett läsår undersöks läroplansmönster i den omsatta läroplanen (jfr eng. ’the enacted curriculum’) i skilda skol- och klassrumskontexter. Utifrån ett läroplansteoretiskt perspektiv studeras olika aspekter av samstämmighet mellan läroplanens mål, innehåll och kunskapskrav i undervisningen. Utifrån tre nivåer av läroplanskoherens identifieras sex olika aspekter av läroplansmönster, nämligen vertikal, substantiell, konceptuell, horisontell, longitudinell och kontextuell koherens som resultat. Vidare visar undersökningen att läroplansmönster i hög- respektive lågpresterande undervisningskontexter skiljer sig åt avseende dessa delaspekter av koherens, det vill säga hur det omsatta lokala läroplansarbetet hänger samman i skolans planerade, genomförda och utvärderade undervisning. Avslutningsvis diskuteras två olika läroplansversioner, en mål- och processorienterad samt en aktivitets- och resultatorienterad, av hur en standards-baserad läroplan, såsom den svenska, översätts och omsätts givet olika lokala förutsättningar.
Att vara lämpad eller olämpad till en arbetsintegrerad lärarutbildning
Authors: Sjöberg Lena
Published: April 2023

De senaste åren har intentionerna om att både öka antalet lärare, och lärarstudenter, samt att rätt kvalificerade lärarstudenter och lärare finns i lärarutbildning och skola tydligt skrivits fram politiskt. Två reformer som tydligt uttrycker dessa intentioner är möjligheten till lämplighetsprövning vid antagning av lärarstudenter för samtliga lärosäten (SFS 2020:881) och det politiska initiativet om att utveckla fler arbetsintegrerade lärarutbildningar (Regeringen, 2019, 2020). Denna studie tar sin utgångpunkt i dels dessa politiska intentioner och reformer, dels ett vidare policyanalytiskt förhållningssätt till konstruktioner av lärarkunskap och studerar en urvals- och antagningspraktik relaterat till en arbetsintegrerad lärarutbildning, där företrädare för lärarutbildning och skolhuvudmän bedömer studenters kompetenser för att både antas till lärarutbildningen och därefter anställas som projektanställd lärare. Det empiriska materialet består av de bedömningssamtal som sker efter intervjuerna med de sökande till den arbetsintegrerade lärarutbildningen. Resultatet av studien visar en samstämmig bild av vad som konstrueras som lämplig lärarkompetens och vad som krävs av den sökande för att antas till en arbetsintegrerad lärarutbildning. Denna lämplighetskonstruktion har stor konsistens med historiska diskurser om lärarkompetens. Resultatet visar också en ekonomisk rationalitet beträffande vem som bedöms som lämplig respektive olämplig till denna typ av utbildning och varför vissa personer väljs ut och andra inte. Artikeln problematiserar slutligen de implikationer som dessa praktiker kan få, både ur ett individ- och ett samhällsperspektiv, och relaterat till reformintentionerna.
Dynamics of the Image of the Steppe in E. P. Rostopchina’s Creative Work
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Popova Maria Yu. , Ermolenko Svetlana I. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2023

The dynamics of the steppe chronotope in the work of E. P. Rostopchina has not been the subject of analysis previously. Meanwhile, the study of this space-time continuum makes it possible to clarify the idea of the creative evolution of the writer which is a controversial issue in literary studies. Based on the ideas about the chronotope and, more particularly, the steppe chronotope set forth in the works of Russian literary critics (M. M. Bakhtin, Yu. M. Lotman, V. N. Toporov), the authors of the article prove that the image of the steppe in E. P. Rostopchina’s works is dynamic. During the Anna period of her creative work, the steppe is “lifeless”, “sad”, “silent”, an alien and boundless desert, in which a person full of physical and spiritual strength is uncomfortable and lonely. During the St Petersburg period, the image of the steppe appears as a habitable space that has become a saving “cell” for sensitive and exalted souls tired of the meaningless whirlwind of secular life. Finally, in the late Moscow period, a symbolic national image of the steppe emerges, which is associated with the eternal Russian world: Russia’s heroic past, its difficult present, and the future stretching infinitely. Relying on the traditional interpretations of the steppe existing in Russian literature (A. S. Pushkin, N. V. Gogol, P. A. Vyazemsky, etc.), E. P. Rostopchina brings her own semantic nuances to this image. The consideration of the chronotope of the steppe in its dynamics makes it possible to conclude what contribution E. P. Rostopchina made to the formation of the “steppe text” as a specifically national one for Russian literature.
Cobalt availability in the soil plant and animal food chain: a study under a peri-urban environment
Authors: Khan Z. I. , Liu W. , Mubeen I. , Alrefaei A. F. , Alharbi S. N. , Muhammad F. G. , Ejaz A. , Ahmad K. , Nadeem M. , Shoukat J. , Ashfaq A. , Mahpara S. , Siddique K. , Ashraf M. A. , Memona H. , Batool A. I. , Munir M. , Malik I. S. , Noorka I. R. , Ugulu I.
Published: April 2023

Abstract Cobalt metal is considered as an essential trace element for the animals. Present investigation was undertaken in the peri-urban area to analyze the cobalt availability in animal food chain by using different indices. Cow, buffalo and sheep samples along with forage and soil samples were collected from the three different sites of District Jhang and analyzed through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Cobalt values differed in soil samples as 0.315-0.535 mg/kg, forages as 0.127-0.333 mg/kg and animal samples as 0.364-0.504 mg/kg. Analyzed cobalt concentration in soil, forage and animal samples was found to be deficient in concentration with respect to standard limits. Soil showed the minimum cobalt level in Z. mays while maximum concentration was examined in the forage C. decidua samples. All indices examined in this study has values lesser than 1, representing the safer limits of the cobalt concentration in these samples. Enrichment factor (0.071-0.161 mg/kg) showed the highly deficient amount of cobalt enrichment in this area. Bio-concentration factor (0.392-0.883) and pollution load index (0.035-0.059 mg/kg) values were also lesser than 1 explains that plant and soil samples are not contaminated with cobalt metal. The daily intake and health risk index ranged from 0.00019-0.00064 mg/kg/day and 0.0044-0.0150 mg/kg/day respectively. Among the animals, cobalt availability was maximum (0.0150 mg/kg/day) in the buffaloes that grazed on the C. decidua fodder. Results of this study concluded that cobalt containing fertilizers must be applied on the soil and forages. Animal feed derived from the cobalt containing supplements are supplied to the animals, to fulfill the nutritional requirements of livestock.
Prevalence of breastfeeding among indigenous peoples of the Triple Frontier: Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay
Authors: Pereira Bianca da Silva Alcantara , Zilly Adriana , Monteiro Juliana Cristina dos Santos , Barbosa Nayara Gonçalves , Gomes-Sponholz Flávia Azevedo
Published: April 2023

Abstract Objectives: to verify the prevalence of breastfeeding and the children’s nutritional status of indigenous origin up to two years of age in the triple frontier region: Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay. Methods: data from the Sistema de Vigilância Nutricional e Alimentar Indígena (Indigenous Food and Nutrition Surveillance System) were analyzed, being a cross-sectional and descriptive study. The survey was carried out in 2018, with data referring to 2017. Registrations of indigenous children of both sexes,aged zero to two years old were included. Data were extracted from the indigenous children’s follow-up map. The prevalence of breastfeeding and complementary feeding was evaluated. Results: the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in children under six months of age was 93.4% and complementary breastfeeding was 6.5%. The prevalence of complementary breastfeeding after six months was 71.6% and exclusive breastfeeding after six months was 28.3%. Regarding social benefits, 30.3% of the families accumulated two types of social benefits. Conclusions: the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was high and surpassed the national prevalence in the first semester of life, there was no early weaning.
Prevalência do aleitamento materno entre povos Indígenas da Tríplice Fronteira: Brasil, Argentina e Paraguai
Authors: Pereira Bianca da Silva Alcantara , Zilly Adriana , Monteiro Juliana Cristina dos Santos , Barbosa Nayara Gonçalves , Gomes-Sponholz Flávia Azevedo
Published: April 2023

Resumo Objetivos: verificar a prevalência do aleitamento materno e estado nutricional de crianças de origem indígena até dois anos de idade na região de tríplice fronteira: Brasil, Argentina e Paraguai. Métodos: foram analisados dados do Sistema de Vigilância Nutricional e Alimentar Indígena, sendo um estudo transversal e descritivo. A pesquisa foi realizada em 2018, com dados referentes à 2017. Foram incluídos registros de crianças indígenas de zero a dois anos de idade, de ambos os sexos. Os dados foram extraídos do mapa de acompanhamento de crianças indígenas. Foi avaliada a prevalência do aleitamento materno e alimentação complementar. Resultados: a prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo em menores de seis meses foi de 93,4% e do aleitamento materno complementado foi de 6,5%. A prevalência do aleitamento materno complementado após seis meses foi de 71,6% e do aleitamento materno exclusivo após seis meses foi de 28,3%. Com relação à classificação de peso para a idade, 80,5% dos registros mostraram crianças com peso adequado para a idade. Em relação aos benefícios sociais, 30,3% das famílias acumulavam dois tipos de benefícios sociais. Conclusões: a prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo foi alta e superam prevalência nacional no primeiro semestre de vida, não houve desmame precoce.
Um Tributo ao Patriarcado
Authors: Silva Janaína Lima Penalva da , Tavares Francisco Mata Machado , Okado Lucas Toshiaki Archangelo
Published: April 2023

Resumo: A partir de um diálogo entre a teoria crítica da tributação e a nova sociologia fiscal, neste artigo, identifica-se um tipo peculiar de discriminação de gênero que tem lugar na legislação tributária brasileira. A interpretação de dados sobre o imposto de renda incidente em pensões alimentícias no Brasil, em cotejo com as normas de imposição e exoneração fiscal referentes ao tema, sugere a plausibilidade da hipótese de que o Estado renuncia à arrecadação de receitas, comprometendo até mesmo a agenda de austeridade permanente que define o regime fiscal do país, com o único efeito de impor às mulheres o dever de pagar mais impostos do que homens e de promover um arranjo familiar em que é vantajoso economicamente para o homem divorciar-se e eximir-se ou reduzir o cuidado diário com os filhos, enquanto se estimula fiscalmente a manutenção das mulheres em união matrimonial com os pais de suas filhas e filhos.
PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTING THIRST MANAGEMENT IN SURGICAL BURNED PATIENTS, BASED ON KNOWLEDGE TRANSLATION
Authors: Garcia Aline Korki Arrabal , Conchon Marilia Ferrari , Pierotti Isadora , Fonseca Ligia Fahl
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the path taken to implement the Thirst Management Model using the Knowledge Translation Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality intervention in a Burn unit. Method: an experience report on the implementation, which took place in two stages: Preparation; and Implementation/Change, both requiring a sequence of steps. Results: the implementation was performed in four cycles of the PDSA improvement tool. All had the same indicator collected, with increasing goals to be attained. Considering the barriers identified, multiple combined Knowledge Translation strategies were used, namely: posters; theoretical and practical training sessions, individual or in group; videos; dynamics; music; logo development for implementation visibility; audit and feedback; and didactic and illustrated clinical protocols. Conclusion: the report of the entire implementation process using the Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality intervention, pointing out its weaknesses and strengths, proves to be useful, necessary and innovative. This study may assist in future evidence-based implementations that choose to use multifaceted interventions.
Abertura Financeira e a Incidência da Crise Financeira Global de 2008-2009: uma abordagem Bayesiana
Authors: Oliveira Júnior Marcos Santos de , Damasceno Aderbal Oliveira
Published: April 2023

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma investigação econométrica sobre o papel da abertura financeira na incidência da crise financeira global de 2008-2009. A análise empírica será realizada para uma amostra de 72 países com dados que abrangem o período 1990-2009. A metodologia econométrica utilizada é o bayesian model averaging (BMA). O trabalho contribui para a literatura em duas dimensões: i) utiliza-se o bayesian model averaging para lidar com o problema de incerteza com relação ao conjunto de variáveis explanatórias em modelos de incidência da crise financeira global de 2008-2009; ii) ademais, utiliza-se um amplo conjunto de índices de abertura financeira (de jure e de facto) e um amplo conjunto de medidas de incidência da crise financeira global de 2008-2009. Os resultados sugerem: i) não há evidências de que o nível de abertura financeira dos países no período anterior à crise é um determinante robusto da incidência da crise financeira global de 2008-2009; ii) há evidências de que a crise financeira global de 2008-2009 incidiu de forma mais severa em países com maior PIB per capita, maior participação da produção de manufaturas no PIB, maior crescimento do crédito e maior taxa de inflação, no período anterior à crise.
A Bibliometrical Analysis of Thorstein Veblen's writings and ideas
Authors: Almeida Felipe , Paula Luís Gustavo de
Published: April 2023

Abstract Thorstein Veblen’s work was a cornerstone in American economics during the late 19th and early 20th century. Veblen is usually characterized as a founding father of American Institutionalism, which competed with Neoclassical Economics in the mainstreaming process of American economics during the first half of the 20th century. Given the huge Veblen’s writings impact on economics, it is possible to find mainstream economics papers that mention Veblen’s contribution – hence, they would be not an exclusivity of the heterodox approach. The goal of our study is to investigate how papers published by heterodox and mainstream journals deal with Veblen’s writings. Our investigation is based on a bibliometric analysis to identify Veblen’s economics ideas as referenced in papers published by top heterodox and mainstream journals. Bibliometry is also applied in our paper to build indicators and analyze patterns.
Fatores socioeconômicos e comportamentais associados a desigualdade na obesidade de homens e mulheres no Brasil
Authors: Silva Lucas Adriano , Rodrigues Cristiana Tristão , Braga Marcelo José
Published: April 2023

Resumo O objetivo do referente trabalho é o de analisar a obesidade, realizando uma abordagem acerca da desigualdade socioeconômica associada a essa morbidade, dado que a obesidade não é apenas uma doença, constituindo-se também como um fenômeno social e econômico. O artigo investiga os fatores que fazem homens e mulheres adultos terem probabilidades distintas de serem obesos no Brasil. Inicialmente, são identificados os indivíduos obesos, a partir da medida de Massa Gorda Relativa (RFM). Em seguida, estima-se o modelo Probit, com a posterior aplicação da decomposição de Fairlie. Os coeficientes obtidos, em geral, exibem os sinais esperados e são estatisticamente significativos. Os principais resultados apontam que as mulheres possuem maiores chances de serem obesas, com a renda, estado civil, atividade física no lazer, consumo de feijão, bebida alcoólica e cigarro sendo variáveis que apresentam maior relação com a desigualdade de gênero na obesidade.
Podcasts as an integral part of free open access medical education
Authors: Fernandes Carol Anne da Silva , Vieira Larissa Xavier Santiago da Silva , Silva Francisco Theogenes Macêdo , Kubrusly Marcos , Augusto Kristopherson Lustosa
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Introduction: Podcasts are audio broadcasts distributed over the internet that can be consumed through various platforms. From students to independent clinicians, the profile of medical podcast users is varied and a richer understanding of this user is essential for effective podcast development. Objective: To review the current literature on the use of podcasts as a health education tool and to understand the stages involved in preparing a medical podcast. Methods: The study is a narrative review developed through research in databases carried out at Unichristus University, in the city of Fortaleza-CE. An analysis of articles on podcasts or data on the prevalence of use, production or results of the use of podcasts for health education purposes was performed. A screening was performed by reading the abstracts and titles of 165 articles found in the Medline database, using the keywords ‘Podcasts’ and ‘medical education’, which resulted in 23 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results: Based on the content found in the literature, the review was divided into seven categories: formats, episode duration, activities carried out while listening to a podcast, learning assessment, suggestions, developing a medical podcast and the podcast as a complementary teaching tool. Conclusion: the podcast is considered a promising medium of communication as a complementary tool to the traditional teaching methods, and educators should focus on developing evaluation processes for this technology, refining evidence-based guidelines for creating new podcasts.
Education of the Body in 16th Century Fencing Treaties
Authors: Alves Tabea Epp Kuster , Silva Marcelo Moraes e
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The transformations resulting from the civilizing process of customs can be seen in different social spaces, including the historical trajectory of sports. In this sense, this article explores the processes of body education in 16th- century fencing treaties. During this period, the military sword fight became a more regulated confrontation, activating new bodily pedagogies. The analysis presented here indicates that the approximation of the royal court, the formation of cities, the increase in sensibility, and the emergence of firearms played an important role in the modification of fencing techniques and weapons and, consequently, in the entire process of educating the body.