bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fungsi Pancasila sebagai Perekat Persatuan Bangsa dengan Efektivitas Kegiatan Belajar di Luar Kelas
Authors: Rachmadi Rachmadi
Published: July 2021

Salah satu metode pembelajaran yang lebih memberdayakan siswa dan sesuai dengan K13 adalah metode pembelajaran dengan outing class dengan memanfaatkan halaman sekolah sebagai lokasi pembelajaran. Metode ini mempunyai beberapa keunggulan, yaitu mendorong siswa untuk belajar lebih aktif dan ikut berperan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, menerapkan konsep belajar sambil berekreasi (learning by doing and refreshing), dapat menghilangkan rasa jenuh selama belajar di dalam kelas dan dapat mengembangkan kehidupan demokrasi dalam dunia pendidikan. Adapun masalah yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai efektivitas kegiatan belajar dengan outing class (belajar di luar kelas) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar PKN Materi mengenal fungsi pancasila sebagai perekat persatuan bangsa siswa Kelas V  di SD Negeri Ajung  01  Kecamatan Kalisat  Semester Ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2019-2020  pada pembelajaran PKN. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa Kelas V  dalam proses pembelajaran PKN  Penelitian tindakan ini menggunakan 3 (tiga) siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu merencanakan, melakukan tindakan, mengamati dan merefleksi. Keempat fase tersebut merupakan suatu siklus yang digambarkan dengan sebuah spiral penelitian tindakan kelas. Dari hasil penelitian, analisa data dan pengujian hipotesis yang telah penulis laksanakan terhadap siswa Kelas V  SD Negeri Ajung 01 Kecamatan Kalisat, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa Pembelajaran PKN  luar kelas di luar kelas atau halaman sekolah pada pembelajaran PKN  mampu  meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa materi mengenal fungsi pancasila sebagai perekat persatuan bangsa.
Pemanfaatan E-Commerce untuk Optimalisasi Penjualan dan Pemasaran Produk Shopsock Berbasis Web
Authors: Sintiasari Elisa Mei , Setiawati Donna , Sanjaya Wisnu
Published: July 2021

Shopsock is one type of business in the field of shoe sales, so far the sale of shopsock products has been carried out by interacting with direct consumers and the marketing is not optimal. To optimize product sales and marketing, in this study an online sales website (e-commerce) was built to display information on products sold in shopsock stores and customers can easily make purchases. This website was built using the waterfall method, object modeling using UML, open source programming tools based on PHP, MySQL database and the result achieved is an e-commerce website to expand market prey for promotion and make it easier for consumers to buy shopsock products
ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF MANAGEMENT IN ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION OF SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF CULTURE
Authors:   Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, OGBOU HE ", SULDIKOVA I. V. ,   Smolensk State Institute of Arts"
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the features of advanced training in the context of distance learning, which has become a mandatory criterion for the implementation of programs of additional professional education. The author of this article relies on the concept of "interaction", with the help of which the basic principles of communication in the conditions of online and offline Internet communication, on which distance learning is based, are characterized. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the transformation of the range of educational services, taking into account the unresolved needs of the educational market and based on the principle of modularity. The purpose of the study is to systematize the capabilities of online educational sites and platforms in the issue of additional professional education for specialists in the field of culture. The article presents the results of research carried out within the framework of systematization of materials and data on the most popular educational sites. Taken as a basis for the development of categorization and modularity of courses on skills and needs. As an example, a comparative analysis of the main characteristics of educational domes-tic and foreign platforms is given, which makes it possible to rely on innovative research in various fields of science. In the course of the study, the problems of introducing distance technologies into the additional profes-sional education of specialists in the field of culture were identified. The features of the combination of full-time and distance learning are described. An overview of the possibilities of educational online platforms and platforms in the issue of additional professional education is given. It is concluded that it is necessary to update the methods of training and retraining of specialists on the basis of distance technologies.
MODERN APPROACHES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES TO USE FLEXIBLE PRODUCTION METHODS
Authors:   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Finance and Credit, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia, TITOVA O. V.
Published: July 2021

The article shows that the success of a production system depends on the ability to effectively change its internal structure in connection with any change in demand or technology. Investing in a new production system as well as modifying an existing system requires informed decisions. Moreover, in a competitive envi-ronment, one of the key decisions that a manufacturing enterprise must make is the selection of appropriate manufacturing systems. The main feature of a flexible manufacturing system, which helps differentiate it from conventional manufacturing systems, is its ability to respond effectively to changes in product type through different flexibilities. Flexible manufacturing systems are well used in the manufacturing world as well as in all industries. Basic information about this technology is very important, because a flexible production system is involved in almost everything that is needed in the modern world.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ESTIMATING THE EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATIVE PROJECTS
Authors:   postgraduate student of the Department of Information Technologies of Entrepreneurship, Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, MOLCHANOVA R. V.
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the implementation of innovative projects, involving a comprehensive assessment, reflecting the integral efficiency of the most significant indicators. The features of innovative projects in large innovation and production clusters, projects that are strategic in nature and affect the activities of the enter-prise in the long term are considered. The principles of analyzing the effectiveness of the projects under study when choosing methods for assessing the effectiveness of innovative projects and the need to discount cash flows are presented. The heterogeneity of the assessment of the effectiveness of an innovative project at various stages of the project life cycle, efficiency in general, the effectiveness of participation in the project, social efficiency and budgetary efficiency are noted. It is summarized that the inflows and outflows used in assessing the budgetary efficiency of innovative projects vary significantly when moving from one level of budget efficiency research to another.
Les échantillonneurs intégratifs passifs, des outils pertinents
pour améliorer la surveillance réglementaire de la qualité
chimique des milieux aquatiques ?
Authors: MATHON B. , DABRIN A. , ALLAN I. , LARDY-FONTAN S. , TOGOLA A. , GHESTEM J.-P. , TIXIER C. , GONZALEZ J.-L. , ALASONATI E. , FERREOL M. , DHERRET L. , YARI A. , RICHARD L. , MOREIRA A. , EON M. , DELEST B. , POLLONO C. , MUNSCHY C. , NOEL-CHERY E. , EL MOSSAOUI M. , STAUB P.-F. , MAZZELLA N. , MIEGE C.
Published: July 2021

Dans le contexte de la directive cadre sur l’eau (DCE), nous avons mis en place une
démonstration à l’échelle nationale afin d’identifier les atouts et les limites des échantillonneurs intégratifs
passifs (EIP) pour la surveillance chimique réglementaire des eaux. Ainsi des déploiements de diffusive
gradient in thin films (DGT), de polar organic chemical integrative samplers (Pocis) et de membranes silicone
(SR) ont été réalisés sur 20 sites (une campagne), mais aussi en continu pendant un an sur trois sites (26
campagnes). En parallèle et pour comparaison, des prélèvements ponctuels d’eau ont été réalisés pour
chaque campagne (lors des déploiements et récupérations des EIP). La pertinence mais aussi les limites de
ces outils sont discutées au regard des aspects pratiques et des informations générées sur l’état de la
contamination chimique des eaux. Les résultats confirment l’intérêt du recours à une surveillance chimique
par EIP et démontrent leur applicabilité dans un contexte de réseaux de contrôle réglementaires. Hormis pour
certains paramètres pour lesquels il existe des problèmes de contamination des outils, les EIP permettent un
abaissement des limites de quantification et, principalement pour les Pocis et les SR, une fréquence de
quantification augmentée, qui se traduit par la détection de davantage de molécules, et par des incertitudes
diminuées sur les concentrations moyennes annuelles (MA). Enfin, l’évaluation de l’état chimique
(comparaison des MA avec les normes de qualité environnementale (NQE)) à partir des MA déterminées par
EIP est en cohérence avec celle déterminée à partir d’un échantillonnage ponctuel. Elle permet même dans
certains cas de mieux qualifier un état alors que l’échantillonnage ponctuel ne le permet pas.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN, PENDAMPINGAN DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK DALAM MELAKSANAKAN HEMODIALISIS
Authors: Isnaeni  , Elfira Sri Futriani  , Chusnul
Published: July 2021

Pendahuluan: WHO menyebutkan jumlah penderita gagal ginjal pada tahun 2013 telah meningkat 50%. Di Amerika Serikat, prevalensi gagal ginjal meningkat 50% di tahun 2014. Data menunjukkan bahwa setiap tahun 200.000 orang Amerika menjalani hemodialisis karena gangguan ginjal kronis. Di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 penderita gagal ginjal kronik tercatat 24.141 pasien. Penyebab gagal ginjal dikarenakan hipertensi (37%), dibetes mellitus (27%), kelainan bawaan (10%), gangguan penyumbatan saluran kemih (7%), Asam Urat (1%), Penyakit Lupus (1%) dan penyebab lain lain-lain (18%). Dari studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan di RS Medistra Jakarta dengan 10 pasien di dapatkan data bahwa 50% tampak didampangi oleh keluarga dan 50% datang sendiri dan tidak di dampingi oleh keluarga. Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah dengan memberikan peningkatan pengetahuan kepada pasien gagal ginjal kronik untuk melakukan hemodialisis Hasil: Hasil kegiatan penyuluhan didapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan kepada pasien gagal ginjal kronik Kesimpulan: Implikasi dari hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah perlu dilakukanya penyuluhan terkait dengan pentinya melakukan hemodialisis secara rutin.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN REMAJA PUTRI TENTANG MENARCHE DI SD PONDOK MELATI
Authors: Elfira Sri Futriani  , Ita Herawati  , Lili Farlikhatun
Published: July 2021

Pendahuluan: Data dunia sebesar 76,3% dari penduduk remaja didunia menyatakan bahwa populasi remaja putri sebagian besar mengalami stress saat menarche Data lain menunjukan sebanyak 54% remaja putri mengalami rasa cemas saat menarche tidak bisa melakukan aktivitas seperti biasanya dengan teman sebaya. Rata-rata usia menarche di Indonesia adalah 13 tahun, dengan kejadian lebih awal pada usia kurang dari 9 tahun atau lebih lambat sampai usia 17 tahun.. Menarche yang terlalu dini atau terlambat , bisa berakibat pada keadaan psikis remaja tersebut. Remaja yang akan mengalami menarche membutuhkan kesiapan mental yang baik.

Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah pendidikan kesehatan.

Hasil: Menunjukkan sebagian besar mempunyai pengetahuan cukup (56,7 %) sebelum dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan . Sesudah dilaksanakan pendidikan kesehatan sebagian besar mempunyai pengetahuan baik (53,3 %). Dapat di ketahui rata-rata nilai sebelum dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan (56,8%) dan sesudah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan (78,1%). Ini menunjukkan terjadi kenaikan sebesar 21,3 %.

Kesimpulan: Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja secara signifikan, hal  ini  juga  dipengaruhi oleh penyuluh, ketertiban dan rasa ingin tahu sasaran dan proses pelaksanaan.
PENYULUHAN DUKUNGAN KESEHATAN JIWA DAN PSIKOSOSIAL (DKJPS) COVID-19 PADA MASYARAKAT KATEGORI “ORANG SEHAT” DI BEKASI SELATAN
Authors: Asep Rusman  , Kusnanto  , Mahyar Suara
Published: July 2021

Pendahuluan: Mewabahnya virus corona (COVID-19) saat ini, menjadi ancaman dan tantangan besar bagi seluruh negara di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah namun belum menunjukkan penurunan jumlah kasus. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah baru (stressor) bagi masyarakat salah satunya adalah masalah psikologis. Beredarnya informasi yang tidak adekuat (hoax), kesulitan berinteraksi sosial, masalah ekonomi, ketidakpastian akan berakhirnya masa pandemi dan lainnya membuat masyarakat menjadi mudah khawatir, panik, khawatir, cemas, gelisah, stres, tertekan, takut dan berbagai masalah psikologis lainnya

Metode: Metode yang digunakan dengan empat tahap yaitu tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap evaluasi, dan tahap lanjutan

Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan yang sangat signifikan tentang pengetahuan dan kemampuan melakukan relaksasi akibat covid-19 pada seluruh peserta penyuluhan

Kesimpulan: Seluruh peserta penyuluhan mampu memahami pengertian, tujuan, manfaat dari kegiatan penkes dan mampu mengaplikasikan cara mengatasi ansietas dan mempertahankan edukasi tersebut pada tindakan sehari-hari sehingga terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap yang signifikan
The Unit Acquisition Number of Binomial Random Graphs
Authors: Georgiou Konstantinos , Kundu Somnath , Prałat Paweł
Published: July 2021

Let $G$ be a graph in which each vertex initially has weight 1. In each step, the unit weight from a vertex $u$ to a neighbouring vertex $v$ can be moved, provided that the weight on $v$ is at least as large as the weight on $u$. The unit acquisition number of $G$, denoted by $a_u(G)$, is the minimum cardinality of the set of vertices with positive weight at the end of the process (over all acquisition protocols). In this paper, we investigate the Erdős-Rényi random graph process $(\mathcal{G}(n,m))_{m =0}^{N}$, where $N = {n \choose 2}$. We show that asymptotically almost surely $a_u(\mathcal{G}(n,m)) = 1$ right at the time step the random graph process creates a connected graph. Since trivially $a_u(\mathcal{G}(n,m)) \ge 2$ if the graphs is disconnected, the result holds in the strongest possible sense.
EXEMPTION FROM CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF ORGANIZED CRIMINAL ASSOCIATIONS
Authors: Obolensky Y. B.
Published: July 2021

The work is devoted to the analysis of the issue of exemption from criminal liability for the activities of stable criminal associations, namely: terrorist community, terrorist organization, illegal armed formation, criminal community (criminal organization). The expediency of establishing the conditions for exemption from criminal liability for committing a crime under Art. 209 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
SOME ASPECTS OF ACTIVITIES TO COUNTER THE SPREAD OF EXTREMIST IDEAS ON THE INTERNET
Authors: Roditeleva Y.N. , Tsareva E.S.
Published: July 2021

This article reflects the main techniques for countering extremist ideas on the Internet. The main directions for countering extremist ideas, as well as strategies that need to be applied in order to counter extremist activities at a more effective level, are noted. The characteristic features of preventive measures and combating the manifestation of extremist ideas in society and the Internet are studied. One of the methods that is capable of exerting a counteracting influence on extremist ideas in modern society is considered — legislation. This method is the main element of the fight against extremist activity, since one of the main principles of countering it is the rule of law, which determines the framework within which bodies countering extremism can carry out their activities. Counteraction and fight against extremist activity in the global network is carried out by state authorities and local self-government bodies, the list of duties, which includes monitoring and analysis of the Internet on an ongoing basis. This analysis necessitates the creation of new approaches to the process of social management in all state and public spheres, in particular the formation of a stable and adequate system of state security.
TIME OF COMMISSION OF THE TAX CRIME
Authors: Tsukanov A. N .
Published: July 2021

The question of determining the time of committing a tax crime is quite complex both in theory and in practice. Dispositions of articles on evasion of taxes, fees and insurance premiums indicate a mandatory feature of the objective side – the failure to submit mandatory documents; the doctrine and law enforcement practice are guided by the fact that it is criminal to fail to pay mandatory payments, and not the fact of an unsubstantiated declaration (other mandatory documents), therefore, the time of committing a tax crime is the failure to receive funds to the budget.
The situation is complicated by the fact that the doctrine of criminal law lacks a unified approach to under-standing whether to consider tax crimes as continuing or c ongoing. In the article the resolution of this question: if the taxpayer submits a false Declaration within three years, his act should be regarded as the offense continued in the case of non-Declaration of the actions of the taxpayer should be regarded as a continuing offence, which starts with the date of the first unpaid and ends as a result of restraint by law enforcement or the occurrence of other events that prevent the further continuation.
CERTAIN ASPECTS OF THE DEFENDER’S PARTICIPATION IN THE JUDICIAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: Anisimova G. Y. , Soshina N. V.
Published: July 2021

The article deals with certain issues of the participation of the defender in the judicial investigation. The authors point out that the defender is one of the main subjects of the criminal process, designed to protect the rights and legitimate interests of suspects and accused of committing a crime. The text of the article analyzes the norms of the current legislation, the resolution of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and judicial practice. The authors analyze the debatable aspects of the defender’s participation in the judicial investigation of their interpretation, on the basis of which they put forward proposals for improving the criminal legislation. The article notes the need to further improve the mechanism of judicial protection in the framework of criminal proceedings, an important element of which is the institution of judicial investigation.
THE RIGHT-SUPPORTING FUNCTION OF THE INVESTIGATOR: THE CONCEPT AND DIRECTIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Asanov R. S.
Published: July 2021

Аs one of the functions of the investigator, legal support activities gained priority after the adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, but at the conceptual level in the modern science of criminal procedure has not been studied, and at the normative level in a systematic form is not presented. The traditional interpre-tation of this function of the investigator, proposed by Professor A.M. Larin back in 1986, does not fully reflect the essence of the work of the preliminary investigation body in this direction, and therefore, it is supplemented with the missing element. On the basis of a single criterion, the author also identifies five areas of implementation of the investigator’s legal support function, which allows us to get a clear idea of its content.
ON THE CURRENT STATE OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE FIELD OF MILITARY ACCOUNTING
Authors: Borenstein A.L.
Published: July 2021

One of the key tasks facing the state in any historical period is the task of ensuring the country’s defense. The security of the population, first of all, depends on its timely, proper and high-quality execution, in connection with which the obligation to undergo military service is enshrined at the constitutional level in the overwhelming majority of states. The Russian Federation is not an exception either, which not only prescribes military service in its main law, but also provides for measures of legal responsibility for non-compliance. In recent years, the sphere of administrative and legal regulation of military registration has undergone significant legislative changes, which indicates the presence of a number of problems and difficulties in it, determines the relevance of the chosen topic and requires its careful study.
LEGAL REGULATION OF RESTRICTIONS ON FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT DURING THE SPREAD OF COVID-19
Authors: Kazantseva E. V.
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the norms of international and national legislation regulating the procedure for re-stricting the right of a person (a citizen of the Russian Federation and a foreign citizen) to freedom of movement and the grounds for such restriction. It is concluded that the restriction of human rights to freedom of movement is a consequence of the protection of the highest human value «the right to protect human health». Based on the study of legal acts of constituent entities of the Russian Federation with different names, such as «the emergency», «On the restriction of the right to freedom of movement and the introduction of high alert» and so on, taken to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV), the author points out the shortcomings of the highest officials of subjects of the Russian Federation in the preparation and adoption of legal acts, which restricted the right of citizens to freedom of movement on the territory of the Russian Federation.
HISTORY TEACHES: SOME ASPECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF THE LEGAL REGIMES OF WAR AND SIEVE IN THE PERIOD OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1941-1945
Authors: Deryugin A.A. , Nikonov D.A.
Published: July 2021

The article attempts to give a short but objective assessment of the activities of Soviet state bodies during the Great Patriotic War on the formation and development of the legal basis for the functioning of the military organization of the state and its further restructuring in a military manner to ensure victory over the enemy. The relevance of the study is determined by the urgent need to study the emergency legislation that regulates, with the outbreak of hostilities or during a threatened period, relations in the field of organizing the armed defense of the state, since war is inherently one of the most dangerous emergencies for society. From the standpoint of the principle of historicism, the article reveals the legal structure of such legal phenomena of wartime as martial law and siege regimes. The specific historical reasons for the establishment of these extraordinary legal regimes, their content and characteristics are briefly shown. Based on historical sources, the article substantiates the conclusion that the purpose of introducing the regimes under consideration is to ensure the protection of the constitutional order and the security of citizens by creating conditions for repelling or preventing aggression, as well as for eliminating the consequences of armed confrontation. With the help of the legal regimes of martial law and the state of siege, which acted as constituent elements of the mechanism for ensuring the military security of the state, during the Great Patriotic War, the protection of the country’s territorial integrity was ensured, its sovereignty was preserved, and a complete military victory over the enemy was achieved. In conclusion, the authors formulate some conclusions and recommendations aimed at improving the modern Russian emergency military legislation.
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT: MATTERS OF SUBJECT JURISDICTION
Authors: Rublev A.G.
Published: July 2021

The International Criminal Court is the result of a long historical process, during which society sought to punish those responsible for serious crimes against humanity, based on the practice of the Nuremberg Court and other special courts. It is proposed to envisage amending the statute of the ICC in order to clarify and expand its jurisdiction.
SOME ISSUES OF SYSTEMATIC LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTICE IN RESOLVING DISPUTES ON THE DIVISION OF PROPERTY IN COMMON OWNERSHIP AND ALLOCATION OF SHARES FROM COMMON PROPERTY
Authors: Ablyatipova N. A. , Kunitsa E. V.
Published: July 2021

In this article, based on the analysis of the current civil legislation, judicial practice and scientific literature, some problems of the division of property in common share ownership and the separation of a share from common property are investigated. Individual cases of implementation of Article 252 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation are analyzed on the example of decisions of the Central District Court of Simferopol, sepa-rate features of the procedure for consideration and conditions for satisfying claims are highlighted. The authors considered the issue of the need to clarify the provisions on the division of property and propose specifying the cases of the need to file a claim for the division of property, delimiting this institution from the allocation of a share.
ON THE STUDY OF THE AREA OF THE LEGAL REGULATION SYSTEM
Authors: Anohin A.N.
Published: July 2021

Here is researched the problems of the legal regulation system. Particular attention is paid on the study of the functional aspects of this system, embodied in the space of its possible states. The space of possible states of the system of legal regulation is considered as one of the types of legal space. The parametric characteristics of this space are the following: the structure of the establishment, the structure of the organization, the structure of the functioning of the system. The boundaries of the entities of the possible states are determined by the purpose of the legal regulation system and by the requirements for the system as well (coercive relations). The study shall be based on the emphasis on two levels of legal regulation: the system of constitutional and legal regulation (rights emanating from the people as the subject of constituent power) and the system of state and legal regulation.
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT CORRELATION OF ABUSE OF A RIGHT AND OBLIGATIONS FROM INJURY
Authors: Nekrasova E. V.
Published: July 2021

Abuse of law is an interesting and controversial category in the doctrine of civil law. The article notes that the history of this category originates in the law of ancient Rome, where the issues of abuse of law were considered by Roman lawyers in relation to specific cases. The grounds for classifying the abuse of a rights on various grounds are indicated. The article deals with the correlation between the categories of «abuse of a right» and obligations from injury, analyze the grounds of tort responsibility and responsibility for abuse of a right in various forms was carried out (actions bypassing the law with an illegal purpose, as well as other deliberately unfair exercise of civil rights). It was revealed that these categories are not identical and the rules on non-contractual liability in case of abuse of law begin to work in a subsidiary regime
TYPES OF ECONOMIC (ENTREPRENEURIAL) RELATIONS IN THE OIL AND ENERGY SECTOR
Authors: Gusyakov V. Yu.
Published: July 2021

The article describes the economic (entrepreneurial) relations in the oil industry. The features of such relations are revealed. The definition of the oil industry as an industry is proposed. Taking into account the specifics of economic relations in the oil industry, it is proposed to distinguish a group of relations in the field of search, evaluation, development of oil fields, as well as relations in the field of sales of oil and petroleum products. It is advisable to regulate the selected groups of relations in different laws, taking into account the specifics.
INTERACTION OF THE POLICE AND OTHER ENTITIES OF LAW ENFORCEMENT IN PUBLIC PLACES (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA)
Authors: Zabroda D.G. , Tihij I.V.
Published: July 2021

The article considers theoretical, legal and applied aspects of interaction between the police and other law enforcement entities in public places.
The interaction of law enforcement entities is intended to mean the activities of the police, law enforcement and other State bodies, local self-government bodies and the public, regulated mainly by administrative and legal norms, aimed at ensuring law enforcement in public places, carried out through the most rational combination of forces, means and powers at their disposal.
The legal basis for joint law enforcement activities of the police and other law enforcement entities in public places in the Republic of Crimea has been revealed.
The forms of joint activities of the police and other actors in this area are described, examples of the nor-mative consolidation of their powers are given. In particular, with the units of the Federal Service of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, local authorities and public groups of law enforcement.
A number of problems have been identified that reduce the effectiveness of interaction between the police and other law enforcement actors in public places and proposed ways to solve them.
UNMENTIONED METHODS PROVIDING OF EXECUTION OF OBLIGATIONS (PART ІІ)
Authors: Bakhrieva Z. R. , Murtazaeva A. A.
Published: July 2021

This study is a continuation of the previous work of the authors on the issue of legal qualifications and the application in practice of unnamed methods for ensuring the fulfillment of obligations. The features of the application of insurance, state (municipal) guarantee as ways to ensure ways of ensuring performance of obli-gations are analyzed. It is alleged that the legislator uses these institutions for ensure purposes. The conclusion is made that they are characterized by the functions and features of the ensure mechanisms, but, despite the similarity with other legal structures, they will be considered as independent ways of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations.
FACTORS OF EMERGING STATEHOOD IN THE SOUTH-WEST ASIA IN NEOLITHIC – CHALCOLITHIC
Authors: Koshman V.A.
Published: July 2021

It is stated that the process of initial statehood formation occurred in the North Mesopotamia. Also some statements around ascension of sedentariness and pastoralism are revised in the article. Author highlights key problems of population estimations in ancient times of the South-West Asia. New data in the article corrects population estimations by degree. One of the leading themes in the paper is the role of highly mobile part of population in functioning of interregional trade. It is emphasized that Uruk phenomenon is highly overestimated and lacks hard evidence. Author presents new approach of understanding the statehood origin. It is made on the basis of material data and careful review of archaeologic interpretations.
LEGAL FORMS OF COOPERATION OF THE COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC MUTUAL ASSISTANCE WITH NON-MEMBER COUNTRIES
Authors: Koshkin A. S.
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of the need for legal regulation of COMECON cooperation with countries outside the organization. The main forms of COMECON cooperation, its structural elements and their interdepartmental relations with non-member countries of the Union are studied.
The role of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) and its direct participation in the legal regulation of the economic integration of the socialist countries, as well as in the creation of a comprehensive program that allows coordinating and developing relations with other countries in the field of maritime transport, scientific cooperation and industry, were noted. The main purpose of the work is to analyze the legal framework governing the relationship of COMECON with countries that are not part of it. To achieve this goal, the main COMECON regulations in this area, as well as bilateral and multilateral agreements, were analyzed.
CONFESSIONAL JUDICIAL SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE XIX CENTURY: HISTORY AND MODERN PROBLEMS
Authors: Tur V.G.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to modern trends to expand the influence of religious organizations, the emergence of modern confessional courts and the experience of the Russian Empire XIX century. In resolving the problem of combining state and confessional judicial systems. Considering the question, the author relies on the materials of the Tauride province.
During the period of the Russian Empire, a confessional judicial system was built into the general-amperk state system. Religious Orthodox courts and their bodies — consistory were mainly engaged in intracerer cases and in relation to the parishioners only issues of marriage-family relations, morality, which coincided, as a rule with national legislation and were a means of moral influence on the laity. Regarding the priests and monastishes, punishments of church were applied. Church punishments could be applied as an additional religious political measure to the laity, convicted criminal courts for crimes. As for the confessional courts of communities of foreign confessions, which, by analogy, also considered the cases of family-marriage, inheritance and intrafefessionual, they played an important role in resolving relations between the state and ethno-confessional groups, primarily on the inquiry of the state, such as the Tauride province . The functioning of confessional courts in the Crimea made it possible to remove the stress in the event of a non-compliance of Russian legislation with ancient religious customs, which often manifested at the household level.
Further detailed study of archival documents of the end of the XVIII — XIX centuries. will allow: to study various systems, structure and functions of confessional courts in the Russian Empire of the XIX century; explore the sources of religious and secular law, which relied on the confessional courts of the Russian Empire; Install the jurisdiction of confessional courts and the circle of persons to them..
Sur les pas de la déesse Artémis
Authors: Knoepfler Denis
Published: July 2021

Pendant plus de deux siècles, les archéologues ont recherché un sanctuaire perdu d’Artémis, que les archives anciennes décrivaient comme un lieu de culte et des réunions publiques et politiques. Denis Knoepfler a participé à cette quête tout au long de sa carrière, jusqu’à ce qu’elle soit finalement récompensée en 2017 lorsque le site a été identifié.
THE HISTORY OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL ORIGIN OF THE UZBEK PEOPLE
Authors:   Researcher Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, Davlatova Khakima , Dilfuza Davurboyeva Dilfuza Davurboyeva ,   Researcher Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, Lapasova Maftuna ,   Researcher Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Jizzakh, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2021

This article discusses the ethnographic history of the Uzbek people. The same picture is observed in the composition of the Uyghur ethnic group. For example, not only modern Uyghurs, but also Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Kirghiz, etc. were formed from the Uyghur ethnic group. The same can be said about written records. Evaluation of the role of each of these disciplines as a source of ethnogenetic and ethno-historical information, the need for complexity, synthesis of developments in various sciences have been repeatedly discussed.
USING INTERDISCIPLINARY CONNECTIONS IN TEACHING ELEMENTARY CHEMISTRY
Authors:   Associate Professor, Kokand State Pedagogical Institute Named After Mukimiy, Uzbekistan, Jumanov Akhmadjon Mirzayevich , Khaydarov Rakhmonjon ,   Undergraduate Student,Kokand State Pedagogical Institute Named After Mukimiy,Uzbekistan
Published: July 2021

The article uses interdisciplinary communication in teaching elementary chemistry in the course "Chemistry" in secondary schools. Materials on pedagogical research and their results.
SPECIFIC PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPROVING THE CONTENT OF PHYSICS EDUCATION ON THE BASIS OF SOLVING NON-STANDARD PROBLEMS
Authors:   Doctor Of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Department Of General Physics, Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Mahmudov Yusup Ganievich , Raimov Gayrat Fayzullaevich ,   Senior Lecturer, Department Of Theoretical Physics, Termez State University, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2021

This article logically and consistently describes the specific psychological features of improving the content of physics education on the basis of solving non-standard problems.
RELEVANCE OF THE PROBLEM OF PREPARING TEACHING AID IN CHINESE FOR CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AGE
Authors:   Student, Department Of Chinese Philology Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan, Akhmadova Karima Shavkat Kizi
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the importance of teaching a foreign language to children of preschool age, and also analyzes a study on this issue. Particular attention is paid to the relevance and importance of the introduction of the Chinese language into the educational process in preschool institutions, the idea of creating a textbook in Chinese for Uzbek-speaking groups is put forward.
On the application of 3d metals for C–H activation toward bioactive compounds: The key step for the synthesis of silver bullets
Authors: Carvalho Renato L , de Miranda Amanda S , Nunes Mateus P , Gomes Roberto S , Jardim Guilherme A M , Júnior Eufrânio N da Silva
Published: July 2021

Several valuable biologically active molecules can be obtained through C–H activation processes. However, the use of expensive and not readily accessible catalysts complicates the process of pharmacological application of these compounds. A plausible way to overcome this issue is developing and using cheaper, more accessible, and equally effective catalysts. First-row transition (3d) metals have shown to be important catalysts in this matter. This review summarizes the use of 3d metal catalysts in C–H activation processes to obtain potentially (or proved) biologically active compounds.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Kalium terhadap Kualitas Dua Varietas Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Authors: Garfannsa Marchel Putra , Sudiarso Sudiarso , Suminarti Nur Edy
Published: July 2021

Indonesia, yang merupakan negara tropis, ubi jalar dapat tumbuh di hampir semua pulau di Indonesia. Ubi jalar memiliki berbagai varietas. Tanaman ubi jalar dikenal sangat responsif terhadap potasium. Diharapkan melalui penelitian ini akan diperoleh informasi tentang proporsi pupuk kalium yang tepat dalam setiap varietas yang diuji sehingga produktivitas tanaman ubi jalar dapat ditingkatkan. Eksperimen menggunakan Split Plot Design diulang tiga kali. Petak utama adalah Varietas (V), seperti Variasi Gunung Kawi dan Varietas Cilembu. Sub plot adalah Dosis KCl (K) yang terdiri dari 5 jenis seperti, K0 = 0 kg ha-1, K1 = 78 kg ha-1, K2 = 137 kg ha-1, K3 = 196 kg ha-1 dan K4 = 225 kg ha-1. Hasil observasi dianalisis dengan uji varians (uji F) pada level 5% dan 1%. Jika ada perbedaan yang signifikan, akan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ pada level 5% dengan korelasi dan uji regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa pemberian pupuk kalium dapat mempengaruhi kualitas dari tanaman ubi jalar kedua varietas. Pemberian kalium 225 kg ha-1  mampu meningkatkan kadar serat umbi sebesar 35% namun berdampak pada pengurangan kandungan klorofil sebesar 14%.
Effect of Different Edible Coatings on Postharvest Quality of Mandarin Orange (Citrus reticulata Blanco)
Authors: D.C. Barsha , Singh Monika , Khanal Prakash , Pandey Madan , Pathak Rukmagat
Published: July 2021

Although Nepal produces a large amount of mandarin it faces huge postharvest losses due to improper postharvest practices. Treating fruits with different edible coatings can minimize postharvest losses. The experiment was carried out in the horticulture lab of Prithu Technical College, Dang, Nepal to evaluate the effects of different edible coating materials on the postharvest quality of mandarin. The experiment was laid in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications and seven treatments  in each replication. Mandarins were coated with different edible coating materials i.e. paraffin wax (100%, 75% and 50%), mustard oil, Aloe vera, turmeric paste and control (non-coated). After coating with different edible materials, mandarins were kept at ambient room conditions (18±2℃ and 52.41±14.35%). The lowest physiological loss in weight at 7, 14and 21 days was recorded in mandarin coated with 75% paraffin wax which was 3.10%, 4.83% and 10.33%, respectively. The highest titratable acidity (0.68%), juice content (46.33%) and marketable fruit percentage (81.73%) were recorded in 75% paraffin wax. The highest total soluble solid (14.00 ˚Brix) was recorded in control. Based on the result obtained from our research, it is suggested to use 75% paraffin wax for the storage of mandarin at ambient room conditions (18±2℃ and 52.41±14.35% RH) as it gives a high percentage of marketable fruits and juice content and also minimizes the physiological loss in weight.
Inventarisasi Zingiberaceae yang Bernilai Ekonomi (Etnomedisin, Etnokosmetik dan Etnofood) di Kabupaten Kolaka Utara, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Alang Hasria
Published: July 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai Zingiberaceae yang bernilai ekonomi di Kabupaten Kolaka Utara Sulawesi Tenggara. Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa Zingiberaceae dapat digunakan sebagai bumbu masakan dan obat tradisional. Namun survey dan inventarisasi jenis Zingiberaceae sebagai salah satu kearifan lokal yang memiliki nilai ekonomi di daerah tersebut belum pernah dilakukan, sehingga diperlukan upaya guna mendokumentasikan pemanfaatan family Zingiberaceae yang bernilai ekonomi di kabupaten tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginventarisasi family Zingiberaceae di Kabupaten Kolaka Utara yang memiliki nilai ekonomi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Participatory Rural Appraisal. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan ditabulasi dalam tabel. Hasil penelitian ditemukan ada sembilan jenis dari family Zingiberaceae yang ditemukan di Kabupaten Kolaka Utara dan bernilai ekonomi  diantaranya kecombrang, lengkuas, kencur, Jahe, bangle, lempuyang, temulawak, kunyit dan Kecombrang hutan (manis). Tanaman tersebut memiliki nilai ekonomi sebagai bahan obat-obatan (medis), kecantikan (kosmetik) dan bahan pangan (makanan).
Overspecification of small cardinalities in reference production
Authors: Zevakhina Natalia , Pasalskaya Elena
Published: July 2021

This paper presents experimental evidence for overspecification of small cardinalities in refer-ence production. The idea is that when presented with a small set of unique objects (2, 3 or 4), the speaker includes a small cardinality while describing given objects, although it is overin-formative for the hearer (e.g., 'three stars'). On the contrary, when presented with a large set of unique objects, the speaker does not include cardinality in their description – so she produces a bare plural (e.g. 'stars'). The effect of overspecifying small cardinalities resembles the effect of overspecifying color in reference production which has been extensively studied in recent years (cf. Rubio-Fernandez 2016, Tarenskeen et al. 2015). When slides are flashed on the screen one by one, highlighted objects are still overspecified. We argue that one of the main reasons lies in subitizing effect, which is a human capacity to instantaneously grasp small cardinalities.
Superlative-modified numerals and negation: A multiply negotiable cost
Authors: Mihoc Teodora , Davidson Kathryn
Published: July 2021

Comparative-modified numerals (CMNs) and superlative-modified numerals (SMNs) are reported to exhibit a polarity sensitivity contrast: unlike CMNs, the use of SMNs is said to be sensitive to embedding under negation. This contrast is however neither well studied nor well understood, such that the existing views in the literature disagree vastly on both the basic facts and related expectations. In this paper we investigate this contrast in three offline experiments. We show that there is strong empirical support for this reported contrast under negation, but none of the existing analyses of the contrast can capture it in full, though we do seem to require insights from each.
Shadow playing with Romanian 5-year-olds. Epistemic adverbs are a kind of magic!
Authors: Bleotu Adina Camelia , Benz Anton , Gotzner Nicole
Published: July 2021

The current paper employs a novel Shadow Play Paradigm to investigate the semantic knowledge and pragmatic ability of Romanian 5-year-olds with respect to the epistemic adverbs poate â€˜maybeâ€™ and sigur â€˜certainlyâ€™. The paradigm is an improved version of the Hidden Object Paradigm, where, instead of merely looking at an inaccessible entity, participants can now infer the presence of the entity on the basis of evidence (a shadow, as well as a specific sound). We argue that Romanian children as young as 5 are able to derive implicatures with epistemic adverbs at an almost adult-like level. However, they exhibit the tendency to accept overly strong statements (i.e., statements where a certainty adverb is wrongly used instead of a possibility adverb) as optimal to a much higher degree than adults. This can be explained as a cognitive/communicative strategy to reduce multiple alternatives to a single one in cases of uncertainty.
(Not) acquiring meaning in a second language: Are input deficits key?
Authors: Malt Barbara C. , Yang Xingjian , Joseph Jessica
Published: July 2021

Word meanings are not always parallel across languages, and second language (L2) learners often use words in non-native ways. Is the learning problem inherent in maintaining conflicting word-to-meaning mappings within an integrated lexical network, or is it due to insufficient attention to and input for acquiring L2 mappings? To help discriminate between these possibilities, we gave English speakers repeated exposures to 40 brief videos of actions, labeled with five novel words that cross-cut English labeling patterns. Half the participants were told only to learn the labels for the actions. The other half were told to figure out their meanings, which might differ from English. The Figure Out Meanings group made test choices faster and were also slightly more likely to produce definitions capturing the intended meanings. However, both groups performed well above chance in generalizing the novel words. High levels of choice performance for both groups point to insufficient input, rather than inherent properties of lexical networks, as the critical limiting factor in more typical L2 learning contexts. Speed and definition performance hint at some advantage to explicit attention in sorting out L1-L2 differences.
Intention and Attention in Image-Text Presentations: A Coherence Approach
Authors: Torres Ilana , Slusarczyk Kathryn , Alikhani Malihe , Stone Matthew
Published: July 2021

In image-text presentations from online discourse, pronouns can refer to entities depicted in images, even if these entities are not otherwise referred to in a text caption. While visual salience may be enough to allow a writer to use a pronoun to refer to a prominent entity in the image, coherence theory suggests that pronoun use is more restricted. Specifically, language users may need an appropriate coherence relation between text and imagery to license and resolve pronouns. To explore this hypothesis and better understand the relationship between image context and text interpretation, we annotated an image-text data set with coherence relations and pronoun information. We find that pronoun use reflects a complex interaction between the content of the pronoun, the grammar of the text, and the relation of text and image.