bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of Intravenous Cannulation among Interns of a Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sharma Mona , Paudel Sushil , Shrestha Ujma , Sitaula Bikash
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Health care professionals are expected to have a basic understanding of all procedures performed on the patient. Their knowledge has direct implications on patients’ morbidity. Interns perform intravenous cannulation during their clinical rotation, their awareness about the procedure are unknown. The aim of this study was to find the knowledge of intravenous cannulation among the interns of the teaching hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a teaching hospital from November 2020 to October 2021 after clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 2611202002). A total of 151 interns were taken using the convenience sampling method. We prepared a structured questionnaire. This was distributed among interns who had completed 6 months of internship. Data entry and analysis was done using Microsoft Excel. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: Out of 151 interns, 84 (55.62%) (47.70-63.54 at 95% Confidence Interval) had knowledge about intravenous cannulation. Most of the interns 117 (77.48%) had knowledge about the appropriate place for cannulation. Awareness about serious complications of cannulation was poor; 106 (70.19%) had never heard of these terms. Handwashing was implied as important by 70 (46.36%).
Conclusions: The knowledge about intravenous cannulation among interns of teaching hospitals was poor compared to the similar study done in a similar setting.
Dominance of Carrying Angle in Right-hand among Dental Students of a Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Manandhar Bipana , Shrestha Isha , Shrestha Ritee
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Carrying angle is an acute angle formed between extended arm and forearm when palm is directed forward. This angle is formed due to the angulation of the articulating surfaces of the humerus with the forearm. The angle is greater in dominant hand than in non-dominant hand in both males and females. Thus, this study aims to measure the carrying angle and find the prevalence of dominance of the carrying angle in the right-hand among dental students.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 138 students with the age ranging from 18-23 years in a teaching hospital. Ethical clearance was taken from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 28/021) of a tertiary dental college and teaching hospital. Convenience sampling was done. Carrying angle was measured in right and left-hands of students with the help of a goniometer. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 was used for data analysis. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data.
Results: Among 138 students, the dominance of carrying angle in right-hand was found in 107 (77.53%) (70.56-84.49 at 95% Confidence Interval). Prevalence of greater value of carrying angle in right-hand was found in 71 (78.88% ) female and 36 (75%) male students.
Conclusions: The prevalence of dominance of the carrying angle in the right-hand among dental students was lower than the other studies done in similar settings.
Dermatomyositis in an Elderly with Respiratory Presentation: A Case Report
Authors: Maharjan Srijana , Giri Uma , Jha Anushree , Rijal Roshan , Bista Roshani , Tamang Lama Andi
Published: March 2022

Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic inflammatory disease that affects the skin and proximal skeletal muscles. To our best knowledge, there are very few cases of Dermatomyositis reported in Nepal and almost none with respiratory manifestation. We present to you the case of dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial lung disease of a 74 years old male patient with a three-week history of generalized weakness, weight loss, Gottron's papule, and heliotrope rash, with features of interstitial lung disease such as shortness of breath, fever, and productive cough, later confirmed by high-resolution computed tomography. We monitored his serum creatine kinase/creatine phosphokinase level for two consecutive days which showed a progressive increase (281 U/L to 290 U/L). His antinuclear antibody test was positive. He was managed with standard treatment of dermatomyositis. This report might help understand the presentation of disease in our setting which can help in early diagnosis and early initiation of treatment.
Sputum Eosinophil Level among Healthy Individuals Visiting Medicine Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Pant Subash , Shrestha Prinsa , Acharya Rajat , Gurung Pranita , Neopane Arpana
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Sputum differential is the most comprehensive, and non-invasive investigation for evaluating airway inflammation because of its reliability, reproducibility and responsiveness. The interpretation of the results of induced sputum examination depends on knowledge of normal values from a healthy population. So far, the reference values of sputum differential cells in Nepalese population are not reported. Neutrophil and eosinophil are used to assess the inflammatory response of the airway. The aim of our study was to detect the eosinophil level in the sputum of healthy individuals with normal pulmonary function.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, from November 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 after taking ethical clearance from Institutional Review Board (Reference number: 1507202106). Convenience sampling was done. Collected data was entered and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24.0. Point estimate at 95% was calculated along with mean and standard deviation for continuous data.
Results: Among 139 induced sputum samples, 7 (5.03%) had eosinophils present in their sputum (1.40 to 8.67 at 95% Confidence Interval). The age range of the participants was 18 years to 79 years with mean age of 39.5 ± 15.06. Prevalence of eosinophilia (percentage of eosinophil ≥3) was 4 (2.88%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of eosinophilia in our study was found to be similar to published literature. The results of the present study show that there is a paucity of eosinophils with predominance of neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes in induced sputum samples of healthy non-smoker adults with normal pulmonary function test.
Pengenalan Seni Musik Tradisional Melayu Jambi Kompangan dan Hadrah Untuk Menumbuhkan Kepedulian Budaya Lokal
Authors: Karmela Siti Heidi , Yanto Ferry
Published: March 2022

Perkembangan musik modern dengan berbagai aliran saat ini, telah berpengaruh pada makin berkurangnya pengetahuan dan kepedulian generasi muda terhadap musik tradisional di daerahnya. Jika dibiarkan akan makin menggerus keberadaan musik tradisional sehingga perlu kiranya upaya nyata meningkatkan kepedulian generasi muda. Begitu juga halnya dengan keberadaan musik tradisional Melayu Jambi yaitu kompangan dan hadrah yang harus tetap dijaga kelestariannya oleh Mahasiswa Sejarah Unbari. Salah satu upaya itu adalah dengan memberikan pelatihan bermain kompangan dan hadrah melalui kegiatan pengabdian, bekerjasama dengan Grup LOSBJKS sebagai mitra. Arti penting kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu agar mahasiswa sejarah Sejarah Unbari mulai mengenal dan tertarik pada seni tradisional kompangan dan hadrah untuk memunculkan kecintaan mereka terhadap salah satu budaya lokal di daerahnya. Pada akhirnya mereka dapat berperan dan berkontribusi dalam perkembangan kompangan dan hadrah dengan menjadi agen sosial memperkenalkan dan mempromosikannya dengan berbagai kreativitas, ide, inovasi yang dimiliki dan memanfaatkan kecanggihan teknologi untuk mempromosikannya. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah memperkenalkan seni musik tradisional Melayu Jambi Kompangan dan Hadrah kepada mahasiswa sejarah FKIP Unbari dan menumbuhkembangkan kesadaran mahasiswa untuk ikut perduli dan melestarikan kesenian lokal ini. Untuk mitra kerjasamanya adalah Grup Kompangan dan Hadrah LOSBJKS di Kelurahan Jelmu Kecamatan Pelayangan Kota Jambi. Untuk metodenya adalah metode demontrasi dan metode latihan yang lebih banyak melibatkan peran serta aktif bagi objek pengabdian yaitu mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Sejarah  FKIP Unbari.
Inscrição e circunscrição de sólidos geométricos por meio de materiais manipuláveis
Authors: Coelho Liliane Silva Nascimento
Published: March 2022

O produto educacional ora apresentado e intitulado “Inscrição e Circunscrição de Sólidos por meio de Materiais Manipuláveis” foi construído, experimentado e validado no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Matemática da Universidade do Estado do Pará. Este produto tem o objetivo de colaborar com o ensino de Matemática, bem como proporcionar a professores de matemática um material didático alinhado com as diretrizes curriculares vigentes e fundamento didaticamente e epistemologicamente, especialmente ao que se refere ao objeto matemático Inscrição e Circunscrição de sólidos geométricos, componente curricular do Ensino Médio.
«The real face of the reaction». Augusto Pinochet’s image in Crocodil magazine (1973—1990)
Authors: Tcherviakov Ruslan
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the formation of the image of A. Pinochet on the pages of the leading satirical publication of the USSR — the Crocodil magazine. The mass nature of the materials testifies to the nature of the campaign for the purposeful formation of Pinochet's image. At the first stage (1973 – December 1974), Pinochet appears in the sources only as one of the leaders of the junta, his leadership is not emphasized in it. Only since the end of 1974 we can talk about the formation of the propaganda image of A. Pinochet as a textbook bloody dictator. His image becomes the personification of the Chilean junta. In numerous cartoons that appeared in late 1974 — mid-1985, his internal (terror against civilians, persecution of leftist forces, neoliberal economic reforms) and external (turning the country into a raw material appendage of the United States, flirting with reactionary regimes in the "third world" countries) policies are criticized. Since the mid-1980s. The number of Crocodil materials devoted to Chile is sharply reduced, mainly reprinted drawings by foreign artists, in which the assessment of his regime as dying comes to the fore. The campaign materials are evidence of the crisis of the Soviet political caricature, which led to its disappearance as an element of Russian political culture.
Spanish public image of the EU regional policy
Authors: Belous Yulia
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the perception of European integration and the regional policy of the European Union (EU) among the citizens of modern Spain. Particular attention is paid to the comparison of periods before the COVID-19 pandemic (2019) and after it (October 2021). The purpose of this paper is to identify the opinion of Spanish society on the EU regional policy. The first part of the article presents the analytical framework of the study. The second part describes its methodology. The third part analyzes the opinion polls in Spain, conducted by Eurobarometer. According to the Eurobarometer database, on the one hand, the author notes despite the pandemic, citizens positively assess the impact of the European Union bodies on their everyday life. On the other hand, the pandemic has shown that the states are key actors in the EU decision-making process. The initiative to shape the development of the EU's regional policy still belongs to the Member States, but not to the regions and/or supranational bodies. The scientific significance of the article is that the results of Eurobarometer public opinion polls are generalized. This is the first time when this approach has been used in the study of this topic.
Gender Issue in Tunisia: from Politics to Practice
Authors: Kashina Anna
Published: March 2022

On the problem of gender equality, Tunisia remains a model for other Arab countries. Although since 2011 the issue of women's place has once again been on the agenda considering the dominance in the political scene of moderate Islamists of the Ennahda movement, heated debates between modernists and Islamists over new constitution and legislation framework brought Tunisia closer to world standards of gender equality. After the Revolution for Dignity and Freedom in Tunisia the feminist movement, which was born in the late 1930s, became more active and began declaring its activities as democratic feminism. Besides that, a new trend established itself as Islamic feminism. The analyses of statistical material revealed that most prominent achievements in concern of gender equality Tunisia gained in educational field with almost parity of male and female enrollment. On the other hand, discrimination in labour market gives cause for concern. As for political participation of women, it is still under desired level, but the dynamics is rather hopeful. The investigation of parliamentarians’ stances towards a proposed in 2017 bill requiring gender inheritance equality, shew that Tunisian society is still not ready to accept absolute gender equality because in some matters like inheritance it tends to hang upon religious norms and traditions. Thus, stereotypes and traditional perception of gender based on Islam remain a stumbling rock on the way to gender balance in society. Another corresponding problem is discrepancy in provisions of family law and undertaken international commitments dealing with narrowing gender gap. So, it’s predictable that while being in the top pf international ratings at the regional level Tunisia’s indicators measuring gender equality are rather moderate on the global scale.
Segmented terrorism in the Sahara-Sahel zone. The second stage: 2016-2021
Authors: Ponomarev Ilia V.
Published: March 2022

Several distinctive points characterize the second stage under analyses: the expansion of new armed alliances - Jamā’at Nuṣrat al Islām wal Muslimīn (JNIM) and Islamic State of the Greater Sahara (ISGS); the rise of resistance movement; the growth of inter- and intra-communal tensions.
Conflicts embraced the regions of Central Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso, populated predominantly by ethnic Fulani. Armed jihadi groups spread alarmingly in the northern border zones of Benin, Côte d’Ivoire and Western Nigeria. Trying to stop destabilization, Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso harshly and unduly pressed local population (predominantly the cattle-breeder Fulani) instead of mounting preventive measures.
Indiscriminating state military campaigns further provoked radicalisation of ethno-militias aggravating struggle for meager resources, retaliatory actions and ethnic cleansing. The net result of the government’s policies has been inflation of its legitimacy in the Fulani populated regions of Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso. It became the best situation for JNIM and ISGS to recruit.
In contrast with the previous stage, JNIM and ISGS are deeply rooted in local clan-cast structures and enjoy more support from wider population. For some years theу have effectively managed access to pastures and water resources, resolve communal disputes and protect willing pastoralists, hunters, traders and peasants from bandits and corrupt state officials.
Drivers and deep causes of the situation cannot be explained from the perspective of ‘common enemy’ in the ‘war on terror’ - implicit impetus of many anti-terror studies and related international laws, both in dire need of revaluation.
Small and medium businesses in South Korea and Singapore in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zabolotskaya Viсtoria V.
Published: March 2022

The research article analyzes the features of public support for small and medium businesses (SMEs) in the leading countries of the Asian world model of innovative development (South Korea and Singapore). A comparative analysis of anti-crisis government programs of SMEs financing in conditions of COVID-19 is presented. The key directions of using the experience of South Korea and Singapore for the development of a system of state financial and credit support for SMEs in Russia and overcoming the consequences of the coronavirus crisis are proposed.
To reduce the financial burden on the federal budget, it is urgent for Russia to switch from SME state support to a system of public-private financial and credit support model. This goal can be achieved by developing an enabling environment for innovation of SMEs and large businesses and incentives to accelerate commercialization and promote Research and Development to the Global innovation market.
The study and adaptation to the conditions of Russia of the best practice of the leading countries of the Asian model of innovative economic development in the expansion of effective and targeted state programs of credit guarantees and subsidies for SMEs, forms of tax incentives for national large private companies and foreign investors would contribute to employment growth and increase the contribution of SMEs to Gross domestic product. The advanced experience of South Korea and Singapore can be useful in organizing forms of online business and developing targeted employment support programs in sectors of the economy affected by the COVID-19.
Remarks on the Different Nature of Metonymy
Authors: Yermakova Оlga P.
Published: March 2022

The article discusses some features of actant and non-actant metonymy, complementing their main differences. It is noted that the set and content of actants depends on the semantic valence of the verb producing Nomina actionis. Inactive metonymy, its activity and other features are due only to the existence of certain realities. It is also established that the meanings of some types of actant and non-actant metonymy are not embodied in verbal units and therefore are not marked in explanatory dictionaries.
Gavriil Derzhavin’s “Felitsaˮ, J.F. Marmontel’s “Belisariusˮ and the Strategy of Literary Success in the Court of Catherine the Great
Authors: Ivinskij Alexander D.
Published: March 2022

The article offers an analysis of literary contexts of G.R. Derzhavin's ode “Felitsa”, suggesting to recognize Marmontel’s “Bélisaire” (“Belisarius”) as a source for key ideological concerns. The work of a French encyclopédist was translated into Russian by Catherine II and a group of noblemen. Derzhavin, much like the author of “Belisarius”, built his text around the antithesis: he opposed the “vices” of aristocrats to the idealized image of the monarch. Thus, “Felitsa” belongs in the same category of texts as “Nakaz” (“Order”), “Velizer” (“Belisarius”), “Vsyakaya vsyachina” (“All sorts of things”), and especially “Sobesednik liubitelei rossiiskogo slova” (“Companion for the Lovers of Russian Letters”), which were authored or inspired by the Russian Empress and were addressing the nature of power and the way of things between the monarch and his/her subjects. The latter, the “Companion”, not only opened with “Felitsa”, but also offered new ideologemes of power and became instrumental in creating Derzhavin’s reputation as a poet.
Lexicography Description of a Special Word in a Common Explanatory Dictionary: Labels, Remarks, Commentaries
Authors: Shelov Sergey D.
Published: March 2022

The paper deals with various ways of presenting information about words of a terminological or professional nature in a common philological dictionary of the Russian language. Usually, either particular labels of general type such as "spec. (special)", "in professional speech", or specific labels for particular science or discipline such as "biol." (biology), "lingv."(linguistics), "mat." (mathematics), "arch." (architecture), "sport." (sports), etc. are used. In addition, in a common dictionaries of the Russian language, other types of explanations of a terminological and professional words are used (for example, remarks like "In football";, "In diplomacy", "In Buddhism";), commentaries (for example, like "In Soviet times", "In modern use", "According to spiritualistic ideas") and some others. At the same time, there is no strict distinction between labels, remarks and commentaries, not only in different dictionaries, but sometimes even in the same dictionary. In the work it is proposed to have in the arsenal of lexicography at least three different explanations – labels, and remarks, and commentaries – and to use them more consistently in various cases.
T. S. ELIOT AND EMILE DURKHEIM: SACRED AND PROFANE IN "THE LOVE SONG OF J. ALFRED PRUFROCK"
Authors: Oroskhan Muhammad Hussein , Jahantigh Hossein
Published: March 2022

Along history, sociology and literature have formed various associations with each other. From the sociology of literature that has considered literature as a social production to the usages of sociological perspectives as literary theories or the usage of literature as illustration of sociological abstract notions, literature and sociology have been constantly and interrelatedly studied. Nevertheless, this study aims at revealing another interrelation between literature and sociology by referring to the beginning of the twentieth century when the replacement of religious thinking with secular ideas was dominant in modern society. Sociologists like Emile Durkheim detected and studied this shift in modern society and later on literary authors of the time followed the promotion of secularism in their literary works. However, T.S. Eliot reacted to this replacement in his poem "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock". He wrote the poem while he was reviewing Durkheim’s The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life in the journal the Westminster Gazette. This paper argues that T.S. Eliot’s "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" is written with a mindset loaded by Durkheim’s sociological perspectives such as the notions of the sacred and the profane to further conclude that T. S. Eliot’s creation of Prufrock is consistent with the view that the modern man is unable to establish himself in a society which is devoid of the notions of sacred and profane and that he may consider committing suicide to save himself as the final resort.
A SOULLESS CAMERA: THE PERCEPTION OF ITALIAN FUTURISM IN EARLY CHINESE MODERNIST POETRY
Authors: Skrobanović Zoran
Published: March 2022

Considering the fact that there are certain similarities between the cultural endeavours of the early Chinese modernists and Italian futurists, at first glance, it seems strange that futurist ideas mostly failed to take root in Chinese literary modernism. From the outset, Chinese literary modernism was a heterogeneous movement, but the common denominator in these different movements in post-dynastic China was a radical antitraditionalism that bears similarities to the goals of Italian futurism that was often called the down-with-the-past movement (antipassatismo). Contemporary literary studies usually recognize three distinct waves of Chinese modernism: the first wave refers to the new literary scene in China’s Republican era (1911-1949), but due to the eclecticism of early Chinese modernists who were deriving inspiration and ideas from a broad and diverse range of sources, this initial stage of Chinese modernism includes the authors whose work was inspired by the pre-modern Western movements such as romanticism, symbolism etc. The second wave of Chinese modernism emerged on Taiwan in the 1950s, and the final wave brought modernism back to mainland China at the end of the 1970s. This paper attempts to examine the reception of Italian futurism in early Chinese modernist literature, therefore our research is chronologically focused on the first wave of Chinese modernism.
FRANZ KAFKA BEFORE THE LAW OF FICTION
Authors: Vladić Jovanov Milena
Published: March 2022

In the work of Franz Kafka, there is an intertwining of two poetics — one is the poetics of details, which are of the realistic type, while the other is the poetics of the surreal. At the linguistic level, the poetics of detail is very precisely emphasized, with numerous linguistic expressions and descriptions that are carved as if they were a diamond. However, the intertwining is not a mixture, but rather a penetration of one poetics into the other. The poetics of detailing, no matter how thorough, in the end, is still not enough. Kafka points out that language as such is not quite ready to express directly and indirectly our thoughts, feelings, and anything related to our inner states. The poetics of the surreal and the super-real merged into the poetics of detail and made realistic poetics not only magical but also gave itself, as a surreal poetics, a basis, and a reference. The reader has found themself between the text, between the words, not always finding their way in every part. References elude, and what remains is a deconstructionist game between different forms of referentiality. The poetics of realism supports the poetics of the surreal, and the poetics of the surreal gives meaning to the poetics of realism. Penetration and intertwining remain as threads of textual fabric that the reader needs to unravel, revealing the laws of the text and adding their own threads. Kafka raised many a question, out of which many have been given answers to through a careful deconstructionist reading of the novel itself and the short story, which is simultaneously a part of the novel and a part that functions independently. Such is the entirety of Kafka’s opus, metaphorically speaking — an image that should be carefully observed, because in some corners lies the author’s intention, or a sign that had been looked for in order to uncover literature and the literary in the secret.
Special Legal Regime of Agricultural Land, Forest Land and Grassland
Authors: Dinu Cătălina Georgeta
Published: March 2022

Certain categories of land have a special character and, consequently, a strict legal regime, regulated by various legal provisions whose application leads, indirectly, to a restriction of the right of private property for the owners. These limitations are imposed to protect the public interest, but it is important to find a fair balance between the interests of private owners and those of the community. Through this study we will investigate which are these limitations, at European level, respectively at national level.
Brief Considerations regarding Computer Search
Authors: Bobasu Camelia
Published: March 2022

Computer search is an evidence procedure that involves interfering with a person’s private life; as a result, it must be disposed of only exceptionally. However, computer search should not be confused with access to a computer system, a process that involves entering a computer system or part of it or a means of storing computer data, either directly or remotely through specialized programs or through a network, in order to identify existing evidence or that generated during technical surveillance.
Victim Protection in Criminal Proceedings at European Level
Authors: Chihaia Gabriela-Nicoleta
Published: March 2022

The protection of victims of crime is a priority, both in the European Union and in the Member States. Crime is, on the one hand, a detriment to society and, on the other, a violation of the individual rights of victims, so that they must first be recognized and then treated by the judicial authorities with respect, attention and professionalism, without discrimination. This study aims to present in a non-exhaustive way the regulation of victims' rights, including its evolution, and the protection of criminal proceedings, emphasizing the role of victims in criminal proceedings and the standards pursued by the Union in this area, including their consolidation in the coming years.
Protection of Victims of Crimes in Romania: Compliance with the Legal Provisions of the European Union
Authors: Slabu Elisabeta
Published: March 2022

Criminality is a violation of the individual rights of victims and victims of crime should be recognized and treated with respect, care and professionalism, without being discriminated against. Victims of crimes should be protected against secondary and repeated victimization, intimidation and revenge, receive adequate support in order to facilitate their recovery and have adequate access to justice. Child victims must be supported taking into account their ability to form their own opinions. States should ensure that victims with disabilities have the opportunity to enjoy their rights in full measure, as well as with other citizens, including by facilitating access to the premises where criminal proceedings take place and access to information. The Romanian state ensures, at legislative level, specialized services to victims of crime, taking into account the legal provisions adopted at the European Union level, the national legislation being convergent with the European one, but also presenting specific particularities.
Sentience and the Primordial ‘We’: Contributions to Animal Ethics from Phenomenology and Buddhist Philosophy
Authors: Daly Anya
Published: March 2022

This paper explores the ontological bases for ethical behaviour between human animals and non-human animals drawing on phenomenology and Buddhist philosophy. Alongside Singer and utilitarianism, I argue that ethical behaviour regarding animals is most effectively justified and motivated by considerations of sentience. Nonetheless, utilitarianism misses crucial aspects of sentience. Buddhist ethics is from the beginning focused on all sentient beings, not solely humans. This inclusivity, and refined interrogations of suffering, means it can furnish more nuanced understandings of sentience. For phenomenology, sentience includes the capacities for self-awareness and, I will argue, a plural self-awareness; the ‘I’ belongs to a ‘we’, and the ‘we’ is constitutive of the ‘I’. This ‘primordial we’ provides the basis for rethinking the moral relations between human animals and non-human animals. I contend finally we thus have an ontological basis in ‘interanimality’ to explain why we most often do and should care about all sentient beings.
A novel in-line high frequency interrupter for use with bubble CPAP: A feasibility study in a premature lamb model
Authors: Sivieri E.M. , Eichenwald E.C. , Abbasi S. , Wolfson M.R.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Recent in vitro testing of high frequency (HF) oscillation applied to bubble continuous positive airway pressure (BCPAP) using a novel flow interrupter device (HFI) demonstrated significantly improved CO2 washout while not altering delivered mean airway pressure (MAP) in a premature infant lung model. This study’s aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the HFI paired with BCPAP in an animal model of prematurity prior to clinical testing. DESIGN/METHODS: Twelve fetal lambs, 131–135 days gestation, weight 3.51±0.42 kg, were delivered by Cesarean section. The lambs were supported by mechanical ventilation and weaned to spontaneous breathing with BCPAP at 6 cmH2O. A combined CO2/airflow sensor measured end-tidal (EtCO2) and tidal volume (VT). Blood gases, heart rate (HR), arterial pressure (Part), minute ventilation (MV), MAP, ventilatory efficiency index (VEI), thoracoabdominal phase angle and labored breathing index (LBI) were recorded over a 10-minute baseline period followed by four randomized 10-minute intervals with HFI set to either 8, 10, 12 or 15 Hz. RESULTS: EtCO2 decreased from baseline by 11.1±2.2SE%, 16.6±4.3SE%, 13.5±4.9SE%, and 19.5±4.5SE% at 8, 10, 12, and 15 Hz respectively (p < 0.001). Blood gases, SpO2, HR, Part, MAP, VT, MV, esophageal pressure, phase angle, and LBI underwent no significant change with HF. Respiratory rate decreased, and VEI increased, by 14.9±4.5SD% (p = 0.037) and 83±22SD% (p < 0.011) respectively, averaged over all frequencies. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the safety and efficacy of a novel BCPAP flow interrupter device. HF applied to the respiratory system resulted in significantly improved CO2 clearance and ventilation efficiency with no deleterious physiological effects in a pre-term lamb model.
An overview of the effects of whole-body vibration on individuals with cerebral palsy
Authors: Ruhde Logan , Hulla Ryan
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this review is to examine how whole-body vibration can be used as a tool in therapy to help improve common physical weaknesses in balance, bone density, gait, spasticity, and strength experienced by individuals with cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy is the most common movement disorder in children, and whole-body vibration is quickly becoming a potential therapeutic tool with some advantages compared to traditional therapies for individuals with movement disorders. The advantages of whole-body vibration include less strain and risk of injury, more passive training activity, and reduced time to complete an effective therapeutic session, all of which are appealing for populations with physiological impairments that cause physical weakness, including individuals with cerebral palsy. This review involves a brief overview of cerebral palsy, whole-body vibration’s influence on physical performance measures, its influence on physical performance in individuals with cerebral palsy, and then discusses the future directions of whole-body vibration therapy in the cerebral palsy population.
Non-pharmacological and non-surgical treatment of pain in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: A scoping review
Authors: Flyckt Natasja , Wong Christian , Michelsen Josephine Sandahl
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: To explore the existing literature on non-pharmacological and non-surgical pain management in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: Databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and PsycINFO) were systematically searched to identify literature on non-pharmacological and non-surgical interventions for relieving pain in children with CP or similar conditions. RESULTS: Thirteen publications met the inclusion criteria. Based on study designs, the overall level of evidence of the included studies was low, justifying the use of a scoping review. Only three were randomized controlled trials. Pain reduction was reported in 8 of the 13 studies from following interventions: physiotherapy/rehabilitation, massage, cranial osteopathy, swimming and aquatics, and assistive devices. These complementary strategies should not omit conventional treatment, and a multidisciplinary approach using multifaceted treatment of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy is recommended to increase the pain-relieving effect. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that physiotherapy, massage, swimming exercise, and various assistive devices can have pain-relieving effects. We found limited evidence on the topic of non-pharmacological and non-surgical treatment of pain in children with CP. Due to the lack of power in the included studies, no true evidence-based recommendations can be made from the collected articles; thus, further studies with larger cohorts and more power are needed to substantiate evidence-based treatment of pain in children and adolescents with CP.
Evidence-informed clinical perspectives on postural management for hip health in children and adults with non-ambulant cerebral palsy
Authors: Paleg Ginny , Livingstone Roslyn
Published: March 2022

Postural management is a multi-disciplinary approach incorporating a comprehensive schedule of daily and night-time positions, equipment and physical activity to help maintain or improve body structures and function and increase activity and participation. Postural management may play a role in preventing contracture, deformity, pain, and asymmetry. This article provides an overview of the evidence supporting use of postural management to positively influence hip health in individuals with cerebral palsy, functioning as Gross Motor Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV or V. Sitting or lying without changing position for more than 8 hours, unsupported supine lying and asymmetrical or windswept postures are associated with pain and hip subluxation/dislocation. Although high-quality experimental research is still limited by many factors, there is limited evidence of harm, and most individuals at GMFCS IV or V require positioning supports to enable participation and function and ease caregiving. Clinical recommendations combining research and clinical opinion support the early use of comfortable positioning routines and/or equipment to reduce time spent in sustained asymmetrical or potentially harmful sitting and lying positions. Supported standing, active weightbearing and stepping are recommended to promote active movement and position change when possible, depending on individual, family and caregiver routines and preferences.
FEATURES OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY SAVING IN CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION TO CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors: Bedrii Dmytro , Semko Inga , Tkachenko Valentyn
Published: March 2022

There are changes in the world's approaches to energy policy, in particular the transition from the outdated model of the energy sector to a new model in which a more competitive environment is created, opportunities for development are leveled and the dominance of one type of energy production and fuel supply is minimized. At the same time, preference is given to improving energy efficiency and the use of energy from renewable and alternative sources. The authors consider the peculiarities of the application of project management methodology in the energy sector in the transition to a circular economy in order to improve energy efficiency and energy conservation. To do this, the authors analyzed the publications of scientists in the field of energy saving, project management in the energy sector and the application of circular economy in our country and concluded that it is necessary to improve the efficiency of energy saving projects through the introduction of circular economy. It was found that Ukraine is one of the most energy-intensive economies in the world and has a huge potential for energy saving and energy efficiency, in particular, the reduction of energy consumption in consumption can reach 60%. Only in three sectors - housing, budget and energy supply (together about 63% of Ukraine's energy balance) the potential for energy efficiency is equal to the savings of about 19 million tons or 8.0 billion euros annually. Improving energy efficiency is a necessary element for increasing the country's energy independence and reducing the energy intensity of the economy. In addition, it is proposed to apply new business models of circular economy, which are focused on reducing the amount of resources used, the introduction of reuse or closed production cycle (planning the need for materials) and processing in production, which protects the environment and reduces the primary needs of enterprises industry in external resources. In general, the implementation of energy saving projects will help create conditions for improving the efficiency of fuel and energy resources in Ukraine and improve living standards, as well as increase energy independence and energy security of the state.
Meningioma intradiploico osteolítico: uma apresentação invulgar de meningioma
Authors:   Médico de Família, Silva Maria Isabel Simões , Benzinho Rita ,   Médico de Família
Published: March 2022

Introdução: Os meningiomas são considerados a neoplasia intracraniana benigna mais comum encontrada na prática clínica. Os meningiomas intradiploicos são um subtipo raro de meningiomas extradurais primários (MEP) e que se podem manifestar com lesões osteolíticas, osteoblásticas ou mistas. As lesões agressivas tendem a envolver os tecidos moles e são de natureza osteolítica. O caso apresentado permite rever a sua abordagem diagnóstica e realçar a importância da relação médico-doente perante um doente que se apresenta com uma patologia incomum. Descrição do caso: Mulher, 58 anos, caucasiana, antecedentes pessoais irrelevantes, recorreu à consulta aberta referindo sensação de «cabeça oca» e dor num ponto do couro cabeludo com dois meses de evolução. Negava outras queixas do foro neurológico ou história de traumatismos. No exame objetivo destacava-se, à palpação, uma área com cerca de 1cm mole e dolorosa, localizada na região parieto-occipital direita, sem lesões externas aparentes. O exame neurológico não apresentava alterações. Na radiografia do crânio observou-se uma imagem hipertransparente, na vertente para-mediana direita da região occipital. Para estudo da lesão realizou-se TC-CE que demonstrou lesão lítica, associada a erosões completas de ambas as tábuas do crânio, com pequeno componente de partes moles epidural. A doente foi encaminhada para os cuidados de saúde secundários onde foi realizada RM-CE, sendo confirmada a presença da lesão na topografia mencionada. A doente foi submetida a craniotomia para exérese do tumor e cranioplastia, tendo o pós-operatório decorrido sem complicações. Comentário: Estas lesões são usualmente assintomáticas, podendo causar sintomas neurológicos dependendo da sua localização, tipo de crescimento e agressividade local. O tempo médio até ao diagnóstico varia entre um dia e 40 anos. Este caso realça a importância do médico de família no diagnóstico precoce de patologias pouco frequentes, que se podem apresentar com sintomatologia inespecífica e que podem comprometer a qualidade de vida dos doentes.
Ética nos cuidados a pessoas idosas
Authors:   Professor aposentado de Psiquiatria da Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Barreto João Barreto
Published: March 2022

As pessoas de idade avançada apresentam na sua maioria múltiplas necessidades de cuidados médicos, de enfermagem e de outra natureza, conjugadas com situações de carência económica e social, a que importa dar resposta. A prestação de cuidados envolve muitas vezes problemas de natureza ética, que constituem desafios tanto para os cuidadores profissionais como para os informais e para a sociedade no seu todo. O autor passa em revista os grandes princípios da ética biomédica, enfatizando a maneira peculiar como eles se aplicam aos pacientes idosos. Sublinha que esses princípios não são para ter em consideração só em casos excepcionais e complexos, mas também em situações comuns da vida quotidiana. Algumas vezes, tais normas podem estar em conflito como, por exemplo, quando o imperativo de agir sempre no melhor interesse do enfermo choca com o princípio da autonomia. Impõe-se então uma hierarquização de valores. Também as situações de défice cognitivo, dependência e incapacidade criam muitas vezes dilemas de difícil solução. Por vezes, o profissional questiona-se quanto à qualidade de vida que se pode proporcionar ao idoso, particularmente quando ele sofre de demência e quando está na proximidade do fim da vida. Nem sempre é fácil aplicar as normas deontológicas em vigor a situações complexas e intrincadas. O autor recomenda uma abordagem prudente que tenha em conta as necessidades globais da pessoa, atendendo na medida do possível à vontade expressa ou presumível do paciente, à posição dos familiares próximos e à opinião dos vários membros da equipa.
Germinação de feijão de asa Psophocarpus tetragonolobus em diferentes substratos e espectros luminosos
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Blind Ariel Dotto , Silva Filho Danilo Fernandes ,   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Pinto Josenilce Pereira ,   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Costa Herodilson Guimaraes da ,   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Souza Diones Lima de ,   Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Figueiredo Jose Nilton Rodrigues ,   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia
Published: March 2022

Winged bean has a dormancy that is not yet fully clarified during the germination phase. In this sense, the present study sought to evidence germination responses of the species under controlled conditions using 4 types of light (white 80 nm, blue 160 nm, yellow 320 nm and red 460 nm) x 2 substrates (washed sand and plantimax®) with 4 repetitions and 25 seeds. The IVG of wing beans showed better behavior in sand, being 12.8% higher than in the substrate. The root length after 16 days showed better size under the influence of red light, both in sand and in plantimax in the order of 5.72 cm and 6.82 cm, respectively.
PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP ALOKASI BELANJA MODAL DI KABUPATEN/KOTA PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Darmastuti Widya Yektining , Susilowati Endah , Tannar Oryza
Published: March 2022

Belanja modal mampu membawa dampak bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat, tetapi pengelolaan dan pelaksanaan belanja modal pada pemerintah daerah masih belum optimal. Pemerintah pusat telah menetapkan target perkiraan alokasi belanja kebutuhan pemerintah daerah sebesar 30 persen dari anggaran belanja daerah. Akan tetapi, pemerintah daerah di Provinsi Jawa Timur masih belum bisa memenuhi target yang ditetapkan dimana rata-rata alokasi belanja modal sekitar 20 persen saja. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan dapat diketahui pengaruh kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah yang berupa rasio efektifitas PAD, rasio efisiensi keuangan, dan rasio kemandirian daerah terhadap alokasi belanja modal di kabupaten/kota Provinsi Jawa Timur selama periode tahun 2015-2019. Hasil analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial ada dua variabel yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap alokasi belanja modal yaitu rasio efisensi keuangan dan rasio kemandirian daerah, sedangkan variabel rasio efektivitas PAD tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap alokasi belanja modal.

Kata Kunci:  kinerja keuangan, rasio, belanja modal.

 

Abstract

Capital expenditure is able to bring an impact to economic growth and community welfare, but the management and implementation of capital expenditures in local governments is still not optimal. The central government has set an estimated target of allocation of local government needs at 30 percent of the regional spending budget. However, the local government in East Java Province is still unable to meet the target set where the average allocation of capital expenditure is about 20 percent. Through this research, it is expected to be known the influence of local government financial performance in the form of PAD effectiveness ratio, financial efficiency ratio, and regional independence ratio to capital expenditure allocation in districts / cities of East Java Province during the period 2015-2019. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that partially there are two variables that have a significant influence on capital expenditure allocation, namely the ratio of financial efficiency and the ratio of regional independence, while the pad effectiveness ratio variable has no significant effect on capital expenditure allocation.

Keywords:  financial performance, ratio, capital expenditure
Protecting Women from Cancer by Giving HPV-Vaccine
Authors: Padma K
Published: March 2022

Role of women in human life in various stage are as a mother , wife, sister, sister –in-law, mother- in – law, daughter, daughter-in- law friend saving her life protecting her life from any type of cancer, can save a whole family

Keywords: WHO, HPV