bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSIS AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING POTENTIAL OF SOUTH INDIAN ORTHODOX BLACK TEA
Authors: Rajamani Mahalakshmi , Krishnasamy Kalaivani , Abubakker Nishadh
Published: September 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the free radical scavenging potential and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting of the ethanolic extract of south Indian orthodox black tea (OBT).Methods: Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard methods, and free radical scavenging activity of the extract was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide anion (SOD), and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities. The ethanolic extract of OBT was loaded in the pre-coated HPTLC plates (silica gel 60 F 254) E-MERCK KGaA. HPTLC was carried out with toluene: ethyl acetate: diethylamine (7:2:1), chloroform: methanol:formic acid (8.5:1.0:0.5), and butanol: isopropyl alcohol (1:1) as mobile phase for alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, respectively.Results: HPTLC results confirmed that the extract contained several potential active components such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids as the slides revealed multicolored bands of varying intensities. Extract of OBT reliably showed the total phenolics 132.27 mg/g, flavonoids 72.52 mg/g, and alkaloids 66.01 mg/g of dry matter. The IC50 value of OBT for DPPH was found to be 372.22 μg/ml, SOD 311.93 μg/ml, NO 362.17 μg/ml, hydroxyl radical 342.14 μg/ml, and reducing power 178.54 μg/ml.Conclusion: The HPTLC fingerprinting profile developed for ethanolic extract will help in proper identification and quantification of marker compounds. The ethanolic extract of OBT was found to possess a wide range of phytochemicals with excellent antioxidant properties. This information may help to choose the best beverage to be consumed in the future.
Ist International Conferences on Pharmacy Practice, 2018
Authors: Pp Ico
Published: September 2018

“Embracing Smart Partnership: Driving Innovation Into Practice. 27-28 June 2018. Organized by: Faculty of Pharmacy, University Teknologi Mara Published by: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING METHOD RP-HPLC METHOD OF ACOTIAMIDE
Authors: Pandya Charu P. , Rajput Sadhana J.
Published: September 2018

Objective: The objective of present work was to develop and validate simple, precise, accurate and specific stability indicating method for determination of acotiamide in presence of its degradation products.Methods: An isocratic RP-HPLC method has been developed using C-8 Thermo Hypersil BDS Column (250 x 4.6 mm i.d., 5µparticle size) with the mobile phase composition of acetonitrile: 0.1 % triethylamine in 0.2% formic acid (30: 70) at column oven temperature of 40 °C. The flow rate was 1.0 ml min-1 and effluent was detected at 282 nm. The method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD (Limit of Detection), LOQ (Limit of Quantification) and robustness as per ICH guidelines.Results: The method was found to be linear in the range of 10-60µg/ml. Limit of detection and limit of quantification was found to 0.36µg/ml and 1.10 µg/ml.% Recovery was found to be in the range of 99.45%-99.75%and precision less than 2%. The developed method was successfully applied for estimation of Acotiamide in marketed tablet formulation and percentage assay was found to be 100.45%. Acotiamide was subjected to stress degradation under acid, base, neutral hydrolysis, oxidation, dry heat, photolysis conditions. Significant degradation was observed in acid and base degradation.Conclusion: The developed RP-HPLC method was simple, rapid, accurate, precise and stability indicating for the estimation of Acotiamide in bulk and tablet dosage form.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF POTENTIAL DEGRADATION PRODUCTS OF DIFLUPREDNATE IN OPHTHALMIC EMULSION
Authors: Zope Murlidhar V. , Patel Rahul M. , Patel Ashwinikumari , Patel Samir G.
Published: September 2018

Objective: The objective of the current study was to develop and validate a simple, robust, precise and accurate RP-HPLC (reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography) method for the quantitative determination of potential degradation products of Difluprednate (DIFL) in the ophthalmic emulsion.Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved on the YMC pack ODS-AQ (150× 4.6) mm, 3μm column with a mobile phase containing a gradient mixture of mobile phase A (0.02M Ammonium formate buffer pH 4.5 adjusted with formic acid) and Acetonitrile as mobile phase B, at flow rate of 1.5 ml/min and with UV detection at 240 nm.Results: The peak retention time of DIFL was found at about 17.2 min, the RRT of degradation product-1 (DP-1), degradation product-2 (DP-2), and degradation product-3 (DP-3), were found to be about 0.49, 0.65 and 0.79 respectively (calculated with respect to Difluprednate). Stress testing was performed in accordance with an ICH (international council for harmonisation) guideline Q1A (R2) [1]. The method was validated as per ICH guideline Q2 (R1)[2]. The calibration curve was found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.1 to 0.75 µg/ml for Difluprednate, DP-1, DP-2 and DP-3. The LOD (Limit of detection) was found to be 0.1µg/ml and LOQ (Limit of quantification) of 0.15µg/ml for Difluprednate, DP-1, DP-2 and DP-3 respectively. The recovery from LOQ to 150% was within 90-110%. The forced degradation data confirms the stability indicating the nature of the method.Conclusion: A simple, robust, precise and accurate RP-HPLC method for the quantitative determination of potential degradation products of Difluprednate in the ophthalmic emulsion was developed and validated.
Development of Pratylenchus coffeae in Biochar Applied Soil, Coffee Roots and Its Effect on Plant Growth
Authors: Suci Rahayu Dwi , Puspita Sari Niken
Published: September 2018

Biochar improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. It may also be used as botanical pesticides. The experiment was aimed to determine the effect of biochar on population development of parasitic nematode Pratylenchus coffeae. The experiment was carried out in Nematology Laboratory and in a greenhouse of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), Jember, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged according to completely randomized design with six treatments of biochar concentrations, i.e. 4%; 3%; 2%; 1%; 0.5% and 0% dry weight of soil. Research results revealed that biochar application of 4.0% was effectively killed 74.5% of P. coffeae, while the lowest mortality level of 37.5% at biochar 0.5% treatment. In the greenhouse trial, application of biochar 4.0% was the most effective in suppressing the population of parasitic nematode in coffee seedlings. Application of biochar was also able to increase the growth and biomass of coffee seedlings.
Technical and Economic Efficiency of Smallholder Arabica Coffee Farming in Panti Sub-district, Jember
Authors: Widjaya Dani , Hariyati Yuli , Soejono Djoko
Published: September 2018

Many factors must be considered in coffee production processes. Use of factors of production must also be efficient in order to produce maximum production.This research was conducted in Panti Sub-district, Jember, as one of larger coffee producer in Jember. This location was also one area in Jember cultivated with Arabica coffee since 2012. Therefore, this study aimed to determine production factors in Arabica coffee smallholders; particularly technical and economic efficiency of Arabica coffee smallholders. Research method including interview and secondary data collection was carried out in three farmer groups in Panti Sub-district. Samples included 36 farmers from Surya Tani, Sejahtera Bersama and Taman Putri farmer groups. Analytical methods used were Cobb Douglass as a function of Stochastic Frontier to see the technical efficiency of farming and analysis of economic the selected efficiency with pricing approach. Technical efficiency in Arabica coffee farming in the selected locations were considered efficient in the level of 71.4% with aminimum of technical efficiency of 24.9% and a maximum efficiency of 93.4%. Economic efficiency showed that factors of labor and use of organic fertilizers were not efficient, thus there should be a reduction in use of labor and organic fertilizers. The factors indicated also that use of inorganic fertilizers was not efficient, with economic efficiency value (NPM/Px) of 1.579. The conditions indicate that there is a need to use of inorganic fertilizers to be an economically efficient manner.
El Nino Effect on Coffee Growth and Productivity on Several Agroforestry Systems in Gumitir Mountain Coffee Farms, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Yuliasmara Fitria
Published: September 2018

Climate change and global warming have become major issues in the last 10 years and affect many sectors including coffee plantations. Global warming causes El Nino to occur more frequently and potentialy reduced agricultural production between 5–20%. In coffee plantations, an effort to minimize the impact of climate change is the use of agroforestry cropping pattern. One of the Robusta coffee producing areas grown using agroforestry system in East Java is at Gumitir mountain area. Coffee plants used as samples were 10–12 years old of Tugusari 6 coffee plantations managed by Sidomulyo farmer group. The environmental design used completely randomized block design with three replicates for each treatment which consisted of  +0.5 ha. The results of this study indicated that coffee grown under forest produced the lowest irradiation and keep daytime tem-peratures 26.33oC with humidity 85% during this El Nino period. On plant growth parameters showed that the lower intensity of irradiation produced coffee plants with morphological characters of longer segments, larger leaves and higher chlo-rophyll content. Plant growth showed no significant difference except in coffee agroforestry system with pine which produced the smallest stem diameter and fewer productive branches. It was suspected due to the presence of allelopati compounds released by the litter of pine leaves. Coffee grown under natural forest produced highest nodes per branch, cherries per node, and number of cherries per tree than other systems. Productivity of robusta coffee in Gumitir mountain area during El Nino showed that the highest productivity in forest 1497 kg ha –1 and 1355 kg ha –1 on coffee grown under Leucaena, due to its ability to maintain moisture. Agroforestry system in coffee is able to maintain environmental conditions in this case in terms of irradiation, temperature and moisture during El Nino which caused stability of plant growth and coffee productivity during El Nino.
Cloud accounting in Jordanian public shareholding companies: The role of internal audit
Authors: Abdulmunim Osama
Published: September 2018

This study showed that in the light of knowledge economy and the emergence of the concept of cloud accounting, it was necessary for the Jordanian public shareholding companies, which aspired to leadership, to develop their regulatory tools. These internal audit tools required the internal auditor to possess the unique element of intellectual capital to keep up with the development of the knowledge economy and the data of cloud accounting, the internal auditor must possess the leading qualities that enable him to keep up with these developments and data and do his work efficiently. Therefore, the present study has analyzed the literature on this profession to try to explain the importance of the possession of the internal auditor of the idea of leadership, which is the strength of observation, the critical ability and the sophisticated thinking of interpreting and linking the phenomena and observations in the organization under the application of cloud accounting mechanisms in the public shareholding companies. This study aimed to focus on the Jordanian contributing companies and how it is hoped to create special sectors of internal auditing and cloud computing that apply the methods and strategies of the cloud accounting with focusing on the necessity of these sectors having the innovative auditing thinking.
Nureddin Ferruh'un Postmodernimsi Bir Çocuk Olarak Portresi
Authors: Caner Fırat
Published: September 2018

Nureddin Ferruh, 1896’da -henüz 17 yaşındayken- pek çok ustanın var olduğu Osmanlı edebiyat ortamında kendi şiir anlayışını bir manifesto olarak yazma ve yayımlama cesareti gösterir. Bu manisfestoda savunduğu yeni bir şiir anlayışının fikrî temelleri dönemin bütün genç yazarları üzerinde etkili olan Recâizade Mahmud Ekrem’in Talim-i Edebiyat’ında, esin kaynağı ise Abdülhak Hâmid’in şiirlerinde ve tercüme şiirlerdedir . Nitekim Nureddin Ferruh kendi şiir anlayışını açıklar ve savunurken Recaizâde Mahmud Ekrem ve Abdülhak Hâmid’in şiirlerinden alıntılar yapar ve bu vesileyle kendi bakış açısını ve varsayımlarını meşrulaştırmaya çalışır. Onun yaşına göre pek cüretkâr olduğu söylenebilecek bu hamlenin ardında, Batılı bir eğitim/öğretim yordamıyla hiyerarşi algısı örselenmiş (yahut teşekkül etmemiş) yeni bir neslin mensubu yani postmodern bir çocuk olması vardır.
Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Audio Visual dalam Mata Pelajaran PKn
Authors: Faizah Faizah
Published: September 2018

To improve student learning outcomes on Civics subjects about the consequences of not maintaining the environment, the researchers used Audio Visual learning media. This research uses classroom action research method with two cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collection is done by test. The data collection tools used are questionnaires, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results showed that, learning result data obtained by learners in cycle I mean 83 (good) and experience increase in cycle II average 92,23 (very good). And for student motivation on audio visual learning media in cycle I is 80% (good) while in cycle II equal to 90,6% (good). Overall the value obtained for each aspect of the statement in the questionnaire has increased. Based on the results of these studies, it is evident that the application of the use of audio visual learning media on learning Civics can improve student learning outcomes. Therefore, the researcher recommends that classroom teachers use audio-visual learning media in classroom teaching.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Listening Team pada Mata Pelajaran IPS
Authors: Matondang Zubaidah
Published: September 2018

This study aims to determine whether the use of learning model Listening Team can improve student learning outcomes. This research is a classroom action research conducted at SD Negeri 101768 Lesson Year 2015/2016. Subject of this research is student of class III which amounted to 24 people. Technique of collecting data is done by test method and observation method. Effectiveness research indicators in this assessment include student activities during learning activities and students' learning completeness in a classical way. The results showed the effectiveness of student learning reviewed through learning mastery that is equal to 83.3%. Increase in review through the learning activities of students is 92%. Based on the details of the results of the above research, then learning to use learning model Listening Teams in third grade students SD N 101768 TP 2015/2016 can improve student learning activities and improving student learning outcomes in terms of mastery of student learning classically on money history materials in Social Studies subjects.
Assessment of the impact of selected factors forcing the driver’s energy consumption
Authors: Bojar Piotr , Mikulski Mariusz
Published: September 2018

The drivers' workplace has an impact on the safety of transport. Among the factors causing changes in driver behavior are the anthropechnical factors resulting from the actions of people in the vehicle and its surroundings, external ones resulting from the impact of weather conditions as well as the condition of the infrastructure and work resulting from the operation of the means of transport.One of such working factors is the noise which may be the source of: a drive unit, drive transmission system, suspension system, etc. The paper attempts to identify and assess the impact of this factor on the energy consumption of the driver's work.
Analysis of selected activities raising safety road traffic on the example of the Voivodeship Training Centre for Drivers in Rzeszow
Authors: Pacana Andrzej , Siwiec Dominika , Czerwińska Karolina
Published: September 2018

The article analyzes statistical data from 2014-2017 obtained from the Voivodeship Training Centre for Drivers (WORD) in Rzeszow. Analyzed the data related to the road safety system. Analyzed among other things, the number of trainings for drivers violating road traffic regulations, the number of training courses and the number of training courses in professional development of examiners. The analysis showed a large number of organized trainings for drivers violating road traffic regulations, as well as a large number of organized workshops perfecting the professional qualifications of examiners. The analysis and conclusions flowing from it may be useful in other traing centre for drivers that want to introduce new courses and trainings on the road safety system, and thus contribute to improving road safety.
Use of anthropogenic soils in securing unstable road embankment
Authors: Pilecka Elżbieta , Moskal Magdalena
Published: September 2018

In the article the problem of anthropogenic soils from thermal treatment of waste in terms of their use in road construction is discussed. As part of the research, the basic physical and mechanical properties of the anthropogenic soils were determined. PN-S-02205: 1998, the analyzed ground material (fly ash and slag mixture) qualifies as useful for embedding into the lower layers of the embankment below the freezing zone, provided they are in dry places or are insulated from water. The next step was to model an exemplary, unstable road embankment in the MIDAS GTS NX. The results point out that the strength and physical properties of the anthropogenic soils may be used to secure unstable road embankments with simple soil and water conditions. It should be remembered that analysed anthropogenic soils should also be subjected to rigorous testing for their chemical composition. The obtained results will allow us to determine the possibilities of their use in road construction in terms of their strength properties.
Methods of minimisation of rail-way noise emissions in urban agglomeration
Authors: Polak Krzysztof
Published: September 2018

The article presents ways of reducing railway noise in urban agglomeration and analyses noise protection solutions in terms of their effectiveness. In the following part of the article an attempt was made to present typical noise abatement solutions used to reduce rail noise in cities and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
Specifications and key testing problems road safety
Authors: Szymanek Andrzej
Published: September 2018

Road traffic can be interpreted as a phenomenon of great complexity, which is not subject to simple laws, and it is often possible to observe paradoxes that contradict intuition or common sense. Road safety is the system property of road transport. Road accidents are an important public health problem. The statistics show that the risk of injury is about 30 times higher in road traffic than in industry. The study of road accidents should be one of the priorities in the field of social research. The paper describes the specificity of road safety as a research object. In particular, attention was paid to theoretical, methodological and research aspects. The key problem of road safety research, which was once included in the reports of the World Bank and OECD, was synthetically discussed.
Simultaneous maneuver of changing driving direction and overtaking as a threat to road traffic safety
Authors: Wrona Rafał
Published: September 2018

The article concerns the matter of road traffic safety and threats caused by simultaneous overtaking and turning left by drivers who overtake or are taken over. Legal regulations were indicated, concerning drivers. On specific examples of road accidents we analyzed the course of events and their causes. The publication especially undertakes the problem of the difficulties in indicating the culprit of accident and giving opinions about the causes of such kinds of road events. The tragic results of the analyzed events create the tendency to taking up this problem and suggest the need for possible change of regulations or principles of training drivers, which was expressed in final conclusions of the article.
Examination of granulometry of ceramic dust which derogations while disposing waste sanitary ceramics for the use of their as addition to the concrete
Authors: Zegardło Bartosz , Drzymała Tomasz , Ogrodnik Paweł , Jaworsk Beata
Published: September 2018

The purpose of the research presented in this article was to assess the granulometry of ceramic dust in terms of their use as an additive to concrete. The material for testing came from postindustrial sanitary ceramic waste, which was subjected to a crushing process in jaw crushers. A research stand consisting of a Horoir LA-300 laser particle analyzer connected to a computer equipped with appropriate software was used to study the granulometric characteristics. As a side feature, the dust density was examined using a Le Chatelier flask. The results of the tests carried out were compared with the data obtained for the traditionally used concrete additive - silica volatile dusts.
Statistical analysis of material parameters of brake callipers
Authors: Bednarz Jarosław
Published: September 2018

During the mass production of automotive parts, it is assumed that the dynamic parameters of generated elements are exactly the same. In fact, this is not true. The article presents statistical analysis of material parameters of brake calipers. Statistical analysis of material properties for the following material parameters is presented: material density, percentage of aluminum in the alloy, percentage of iron in the alloy, percentage of silicon in the alloy, percentage of magnesium in the alloy.
Application of Trefftz method for the solution of two-dimensional Poisson’s problem taking into account material properties
Authors: Borkowska Dorota
Published: September 2018

The aim of this paper is theoretical and numerical analysis of one of the nonsingular Trefftz method. Two-dimensional boundary value problem governed by Poisson’s equation is taken as the example. Domain boundary equation is obtained by transformation of classical formulation of the boundary problem with the use of weighted residual method. In this paper the original variation formulation is considered. The solution of the problem is assumed as the superposition of Trefftz functions, which satisfy Laplace’s equation. Taking the same functions as the weighting functions one obtains equations of the Galerkin version of the Trefftz method with symbolic name OS;TT. The paper contains the theoretical analysis of the OS;TT method which is confirmed with numerical example. .
The influence of the brake pad surface machining and finishing on its friction performance- examined by inertia brake dynamometr testing
Authors: Dąbrowski Tomasz , Kurczyński Dariusz , Łagowski Piotr , Warianek Michał
Published: September 2018

The article describes the influence of brake pads surface machining and finishing on their friction characteristics. It shows the methods of machining and finishing of the brake pads surface and their influence on noise emission and performance. It shows the brake dynamometer test results obtained on three brake pads which have three different types of surface modification and their detailed analysis and comparison.
Indicators of engine performance with direct fuel injection to the combustion chamber
Authors: Drabik Dawid , Prażnowski Krzysztof
Published: September 2018

Spark-ignition engines are becoming very popular among consumers. It is mainly caused by using direct fuel injection, which increases the overall efficiency of the engine. Those positive effects were described by engine manufactures. This article presents some of the indicators of engine performance with direct fuel injection. It also describes the results of engine tests and characterizes performance of an engine.The idea of direct fuel injection is still being refined. Not only it is used in hybrid engines to supply fuel, but also in changing compression ratio in a combustion chamber. Ecological aspects are one of the most crucial when it comes to engine construction and each engine project must consider lowering its negative effects on the environment. In this article the comparison of fuel consumption and emission of harmful substances was presented.
Effect of emission measurement of toxic exhaust components of automotive vehicles equipped with spark-ignition engines on the environment during mandatory check tests at vehicle inspection stations
Authors: Idzior Marek , Czapliński Edward , Korzik Marzena
Published: September 2018

The article describes aspects related to the impact of toxic components of exhaust gases from motor vehicles, which are equipped with spark-ignition engines for environmental pollution and a negative impact on human health. The paper presents aspects related to the structure of passenger cars in Poland and the European Union, which are in operation and subject to mandatory control tests. The methodology of performing mandatory periodic check-ups in diagnostic stations and on the basis of the developed research results also includes a group of vehicles that does not meet the legal requirements for the measurement of exhaust emissions. The results of passenger car tests in selected European Union countries have been presented.
Selected problems of using bicycle braking systems
Authors: Kałuża Robert , Czech Piotr , Figlus Tomasz , Gustof Piotr , Turoń Katarzyna
Published: September 2018

In many Polish cities, an increase in investments in the area of cycling infrastructure can be noticed. This is a direct result of increased interest in cycling as a means of everyday transport as well as a way to spend free time. Forecasts show that this trend will continue and interest in cycling will not diminish. Therefore, it seems advisable to pay attention to a number of aspects related to the operation of this type of transport, including the most important system in which the bicycle is equipped, i.e. the braking system. The article presents selected problems regarding the operation of bicycle brake systems.
Influence of climatic ageing on acrylic coatings adhesion
Authors: Kotnarowska Danuta , Stanisławek Dariusz
Published: September 2018

Investigations were carried out of climatic ageing influence on acrylic coatings adhesion to the steel substrate. Obtained results showed that ageing factors action for two years contributed to the decrease of coatings adhesion to steel substrate. Pull-off adhesion strength (examined according to PN-EN ISO 4624:2016-05) was 8 MPa in the case of unaged coating whereas, in the case of coating aged climatically, decreased to 4,3 MPa. Evaluation of unaged coating state after pull-off test revealed adhesive break between the bond layer and the acrylic coating surface on the whole area of the stamp surface. However, in the case of the climatically aged coating, the cohesive break occurred in the primer layer on the 95% area of stamp surface and the cohesive break between the bond layer and the coating surface on the 5% area of the stamp surface.
SDF-1 and its receptor in the ventricles of rat with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Veteskova J. , Obsivan M. , Kmecova Z. , Radik M. , Srankova J. , Malikova E. , Klimas J. , Krenek P.
Published: September 2018

Aim: Chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) plays an important role in many processes such as apoptosis, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis, and these effects are mediated mostly by the receptor CXCR4. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in the ventricles of rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension.

Methods: 10–12 weeks old male Wistar rats were injected with monocrotaline (s. c., 60mg/kg; MON) or vehicle (CON). Rats were sacrificed 1 week (1W-MON, 1W-CON), 2 weeks (2W-MON, 2W-CON) and 4 weeks after monocrotaline administration (4W-MON, 4W-CON). Gene expression of SDF-1 and CXCR4 was determined by qRT-PCR.

Results: We observed a decrease in the SDF-1 expression on mRNA level in the right ventricle in 2W-MON and 4W-MON rats without any changes in the left ventricles and a decrease in CXCR4 expression in 1W-MON in both ventricles with an increase of CXCR4 expression in 4W-MON in the left ventricle (*P ˂ 0.05).

Conclusion: SDF-1/CXCR4 axis is affected in both ventricles of rats with monocrotaline model of pulmonary hypertension.
K-Mean Cluster Analysis for Better Determining the Sweet Spot Intervals of the Unconventional Organic-Rich Shale: A Case Study
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Nur Ali , Nugraha Septian Tri
Published: September 2018

The petrophysical analysis is the crucial task for evaluating the quality of unconventional organic-rich shale and tight gas reservoirs. The presence of organic matter and the ultra-tight with over complex pore system have remained a lack of understanding of how to evaluate the extensive parameters of porosity considering organic content, gas saturation, organic richness, brittleness index, and sweet spot interval by only using conventional log. Therefore, this study offers effectively applied techniques and better analysis for interpreting these parameters by maximizing and integrating geological, geochemical, rock mechanical and engineering data.

In general, the field data used in this study are from the first dedicated well for source rock exploration in the North Sumatra Basin, Indonesia. The developed method was derived by using conventional log. All interpretation results were validated by laboratory data measurements of routine and special core analysis, petrography, total organic carbon (TOC) and organic maturation, and brittleness index (BI) calculation. Moreover, the high quality of NMR log data was used as well to ensure our developed techniques present good estimations. Briefly about the methods, we started to determine the total and effective porosity based on the density log by including the presence of organic matter and multi-mineral analysis in these estimations. Then, we used the revised water saturation-TOC of water saturation while the TOC was predicted in advance by averaging three results from the correlation of TOC-Density, modified CARBOLOG and Passey’s ΔlogR methods. Equally important, in order to obtain the reliable gas saturation prediction, we used saturation exponent (n), cementation factor (m), and the tortuosity factor (a) parameters which obtained from laboratory measurement of formation resistivity factor and resistivity index (FFRI). In addition, the brittleness index was predicted based on sonic log data.

Finally, all parameters needed for determining gas shale sweet spot have been made. Then, we developed a way to evaluate the sweet spot interval by using K-mean clustering. In conclusion, this clustering result properly follows the shale quality index parameters which consist of organic richness and maturation, brittleness index, the storage capacity of porosity and gas saturation. This study shows that these petrophysical applied techniques leads us to interpret the best position of shale interval to be developed with a simple, fast, and accurate prediction way. Furthermore, as a novelty, this method can be used as rock typing method and obviously can reduce uncertainty and risks in organic-rich shale exploration.
Preferable Directions in Reform of the International Trading System from the Standpoint of Development Needs of the Small Countries in Eastern Europe
Authors: Đogo Marko , Prorok Vesna
Published: September 2018

The economic openness and reindustrialization. Can these two occurrences exist at the same time? The empirical experience of the East European countries tells us that they cannot. Trade liberalization in the transition countries implemented during the 1990s led to the process of deindustrialization which continued also during the 2000s. The goal of this paper is to present the possible directions for reform of the international trade system which would enable reindustrialization of the small countries in East Europe with simultaneous preservation of the achieved level of trade liberalization. Admittedly, we are separated from the win-win situation by the conviction that this is only possible if the compensation principle is applied on the global trade, according to which the winners in the global trade (developed countries with trade surplus), should compensate to the losers (small insufficiently developed countries) a part of their losses with mandatory support to programs of reindustrialization based on exports, for which the funds are chronically lacking. An alternative is reindustrialization based on import substitution i.e. strengthening of the protectionism, where all benefits of the free trade could vanish so in the end everybody would be in loss.
Index of Monetary Conditions in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Jović Dragan , Jakupović Sanel , Čanković Vanja Šušnjar
Published: September 2018

The main goal of the research was measuring of the monetary conditions in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). By using multiple linear regression, Monetary Conditions Index (MCI) is constructed for the first time for BH. Monetary conditions are measured in relation to the industrial production. Monetary conditions in BH compared to the period before the beginning of the global economic crisis have been improved. Both MCIs show significant improvement in the monetary conditions measured by the movement of interest rates, real effective exchange rate and credit growth. The highest interdependence in the movement with the growth rate of industrial production shows MCI constructed on the basis of the implicit active interest rate (as an approximation for the domestic reference interest rate, i.e. a channel of interest rates) and the rate of credit growth. The interest rate channel in BH is not dominant in relation to the exchange rate channel. The reason is the lack of the central bank loan and therefore the absence of the reference interest rates. MCI ratio (ratio between coefficient with implicit active interest rate and coefficient with REER) is 1.09. By this research the benchmark values of MCI for BH are set. Established MCI is starting point for further measurement of monetary conditions in BH. .
A holistic view of the organizational knowledge dynamics
Authors: Brătianu Constantin
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this paper is to present a holistic view of the organizational knowledge dynamics, as an alternative to the current research focusing on different aspects of this complex and nonlinear phenomenon. Organizational knowledge is a semantic construct which has been developed as a result of growing importance of knowledge as a strategic resource, and it constitutes an integration of all forms of knowledge co-existing within an organization. Organizational knowledge varies in time and its dynamics is vital for organizational growth and for achieving a competitive advantage. Our approach is based on metaphorical thinking and on critical analysis of the present research concerning organizational knowledge and organizational intellectual dynamics. Going beyond the iceberg and stocks-and-flows metaphors, our research is based on the energy metaphor and the entropy law. The conceptual approach used and the final results obtained demonstrate the importance and utility of the holistic view in understanding more profoundly the complexity of the organizational knowledge dynamics.
Public Services between the Citizen’s Need and the Possibilities of the Administration
Authors: Grigorescu Adriana
Published: September 2018

This paper aims at the balance between the citizen and the public authorities with public services as an interface. Public services place themselves at the crossroads of many elements such as: needs of the citizen, social need, public will, public resources, private availability, and civic sense. Without claiming to have identified all factors that converge to defining / structuring the public services (PS) / services of general interest (SGI), the paper tried to highlight some of the most important.

The social need is covered at the macro level and it represents what society - as a whole - needs. Citizens’ needs are more specific, individualized and custom-designed, rundown by gender, age, education, social condition, financial strength, religion, living environment etc. The public will is an expression of what the Administration encompasses in mid- and long-term national strategies and addresses in detail the PS / SGI in sectorial policies where responsibility is assumed. Public resources include in our assessment all resources at the disposal of the Administration at some point. Private availability can be expressed through various forms such as public-private partnerships, development of complementary private sponsorships, donations etc.

A balanced public service can also benefit of citizens’ civic sense. Even if they are completely satisfied with the services at hand they understand that it would be without sense to unnecessary ask for them just only because it’s free.
Principal management concepts in Greek public sector: Part II – Management by Objectives
Authors: Papalazarou Ioannis , Tsoulfas Giannis T.
Published: September 2018

The introduction of specific and measurable objectives in the public sector is a practice that seeks to increase the efficiency of public services. This is done with their clear and acceptable identification, both at an individual and organisational level, their measurement with specific indicators and the benchmarking of the results. Goal setting is the essential tool for the specification and implementation of planning for various time horizons. As a detailed guide of organisational priorities, it constitutes the procedure of the determination of clear goals and objectives, deriving from the upper hierarchical level of each organization and their subsequent diffusion to the lower levels in the form of specific actions. This paper is the second and last part of a study about the application of principal management concepts in Greek public sector since year 2004 when Law 3230/2004 was introduced. In this part the experience of the implementation of “Management by Objectives” in Greek public services is analysed. Towards this end, the views and opinions of experts from the public sector are analyzed with the use of interviews and questionnaires. The aggregated results from both parts of the study are presented and discussed by the end of this paper.
Exploring leadership coaching as a tool to improve the people management skills of information technology and cybersecurity project managers
Authors: Burrell Darrell Norman
Published: September 2018

According to recent research 55 percent of information technology (IT) projects are deemed unsuccessful. In 2016, globally, organizations waste an average of $97 million dollars for every $1 billion invested information technology projects. These numbers should be of tremendous concern when these projects often focus on critical operational aspects like knowledge management, data analytics, intellectual property, cybersecurity, and information management. These numbers also point the critical need to develop leadership skills for information technology project managers. This paper explores the need and viability for organizations to invest in leadership coaching as employee development tools for their IT project managers and cybersecurity technical staffers.
Organization, Autopoiesis and Human Potential as Paradigm of the Future Organization
Authors: Peček Tanja Balažic , Ovsenik Marija
Published: September 2018

Background and purpose: Eternal challenge to researchers of organization theory is how to develop a suitable organization for increasingly more complex internal and external processes, and how to set a simple definition for it. Demanding environment of organization and civilization is under constant pressure of competition for profit. This dynamics of profit is blinding humans so that they are drawing away from themselves and from creativity in organizations. A human too often reacts automatically, meaning that they do not use all the potentials which is a paradox of organization. Therefore, the contribution of autopoiesis – as a complete intertwinement of processes of characteristic characteristiccontinuous movement in the area of creativity and holistic human culture – is important. When speaking about paradigm of tomorrow’s organization, we are speaking about a person in organization, interpersonal self/co-dependence and self/co-dependence on micro and macro level. The purpose of our contribution is to research-inside this more and more virtual organization – the position and role of an individual, humanity and human potential as a creative potential of organic-humane organization.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Research is based on qualitative approach. For more comprehensive study of autopoiesis in organization we used mixed methods. When forming the concept, we used the natural law as life circle and compared it with organization.

Results: We developed a concept of autopoietic building blocks as life circle, presenting a concept of organization of future. The concept can be a comparative tool for perceiving processes in an organization. With results we substantiated that organization is losing processes of emotions and thinking of a human.

Conclusion: Accepting autopoiesis on all levels of human activity and consequently increasingly more conscious organizations and society as a whole, results in processes, when autopoises influences the cultural development of society in the sense of connecting science, art, high technologies and spirituality. Results can serve as a guideline and challenge to humane organizations.
The Transition of Young People from Study to Employment in the Light of Student Work
Authors: Novak Vesna , Žnidaršič Anja
Published: September 2018

Background and Purpose: We are living in a time of accelerated globalization, which has a far-reaching impact for youth employment. Therefore, the paper presents the problem of the transition of tertiary educated young people into the working environment in terms of the importance of education and gaining work experience during their studies. The main purpose of the study was to analyze the attitudes and thinking of students regarding the selection of studies and work experience that young people are gaining during their studies with student work in connection with their job prospects.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The data used in our research come from a broader research on Slovenian Youths (SY) dating back to 2013. Among all the respondents of SY we selected those who classified themselves as students aged between 19 and 24, who filled out the part of the questionnaire pertaining to employment. The research hypotheses were tested with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent samples t-test.

Results: We found that among students who chose to study for different reasons there were differences in the belief that they will immediately find employment after graduating. We also found that between those students who supported themselves during their studies and those who only studied there were differences in individual statements regarding their transition from education to employment. We concluded that work during their studies, especially in the field of the profession they were studying for, had a positive impact on the thinking of students pertaining to the transition toward employment.

Conclusion: The analysis of employment issues faced by young people with tertiary education was supported by empirical data, while in conclusion suggestions for improvement were presented. The article also deepens the understanding of the problems of youth employment in a broader perspective and the understanding of the observed developments in society.
The Online Communication of Corporate Social Responsibility in Subsidiaries of Multinational Companies in Hungary
Authors: Szanto Richard
Published: September 2018

Background and Purpose: Many studies have explored the differences in the management of corporate social responsibility (CSR) of multinational companies across the globe. The main question of the study was, are there differences between CSR practices between home country and host country operations?

Design/Methodology/Approach: This study investigates the differences in online CSR communication between global corporate websites and the webpages of local subsidiaries in Hungary. The sample contains 70 multinational companies (MNCs) and their Hungarian subsidiaries. All the subsidiaries of the sample are listed amongst the largest 200 companies (based on turnover) in Hungary. Both the local (Hungarian) and the global internet sites of these MNCs were visited, and pre-defined categories were sought on the corporate websites. The presence/lack of these CSR themes and topics on the websites were recorded.

Results: The findings show that online CSR disclosure of the subsidiaries is usually more limited than the global communication. Moreover, distance from the headquarters seems to matter, the farther the headquarters of the MNC is located, the narrower CSR presence on the websites of the local subsidiary can be observed.

Conclusion: The paper’s main contribution is to deepen our knowledge about the CSR strategies of the multinational companies across their operations. It was confirmed that their CSR practices significantly differ between the host and home countries.
Toponymy of the Ancient Sary-Arka (North-Eastern Kazakhstan)
Authors: Saparov Kuat , Chlachula Jiri , Yeginbayeva Aigul
Published: September 2018

This study examines the etymology of the principal physiographic entities of the ancient Sary-Arka area–meaning in the old Turkic language Yellowing Ridge – encompassing the present territory of parkland-steppes, rocky highlands and the adjacent mountains of North and East Kazakhstan. The current linguistic evidence points to a complex and chronologically long culture-historical development reflected by the local place names best-recorded for the major rivers and mountains (hydronyms and oronyms, respectively). Not all geo-site names are securely determined by using modern onomastics. Records of material culture provide additional multi-proxy information. Local uniformity of some toponyms across the extensive area assuming a common cultural background attests to a broader ethnic homogeneity and/or mobility of the ancient populations inhabiting this vast and geomorphically mosaic land. This suggests a close relationship and interactions (including demographic exchanges and mixing) between the past pastoral ethics in the parkland-steppe and semi-desert areas north of Lake Balkhash between the Aral Sea and the southern Urals in the West and the Alatau–Altai Mountain systems in the East. Whereas the hydronyms of the Sary-Arka may have a rather complex and not fully clear origin with a connection to the Turkic-Tatar medieval tribes and nations’ occupancy in northern Central Asia eventually modified into the present Kazakh language forms, the oronyms of the East Kazakhstan mountain ranges indicate the Mongolian roots.