bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green and Sustainable Academic Library
Authors: Thanuskodi S. , Athulya S.
Published: January 2025

Environmental friendliness and sustainability are not a novel concept in libraries. The history of it can be traced back from 50 years ago. Despite it was not being followed as a continuous practice. In the 1960's and 70's people living in wartime were faced scarcity in resources so they balanced their expenditure and everything possible was recycled. But in later generations consumption habits changed thus the sustainability form a short time of temporal cycle. The amount of waste created nowadays is significantly higher, with a rising share coming from information technology gadgets. Now it's been a great challenge towards nation building. Nation Building is a multifaceted concept that entails the active participation of its citizens in all aspects of life. A robust and powerful nation is founded on the dedication and hard work of its citizens, as well as some foresight on the part of the government.
Survey on the Digital Divide in Public Libraries
Authors: Thanuskodi S.
Published: January 2025

In the present study, the researcher collected data through a well-structured questionnaire based on the demographic profile, library membership details, library resources, services and infrastructure facility, to identify the utilization of public library services in Madurai District. The present study reveals that more people are using the public Libraries. The result of the study threw light on public library services among its users. The respondents feel that subscription and late submission fee is very low, for providing better collections and facilities government can raise these amount. Patrons should be raised by providing special services to them. A few advanced level academic exercises like workshops, refresher courses, seminars and guest lecturers become necessary for updating knowledge and know-how to use the library services. The recent developments in the field of e-library should be made known to the public and has become essentially imperative in this dynamic branch of library services.
Academic Integrity and Ethics in Higher Education
Authors: Singh Jaswinder Pal , Kaur Baljinder Pal
Published: January 2025

This study addresses the merits, cons, and ethics of huge language models and AI in academic writing and research. The chapter examined how these technologies may damage scholarly integrity. Its key values include controlled AI use in academia (unlike unscrupulous laypersons) and the potential erosion of faculty and administrative trust in students who employ AI for this purpose. It believes human researchers should explicitly define outstanding knowledge. It then describes how plagiarism and AI are affecting academia and mentions some organizations reacting. Analysis also emphasizes campus academic integrity. These exercises promote student honesty. They also aim to eliminate academic integrity violations annually. Enhancing student collaboration, educating them about plagiarism and cheating, and proactively identifying transgressions are promising techniques. It also highlights Chitkara University's plagiarism prevention and academic integrity procedures, highlighting the need of strict limitations, teamwork, and education in constructing a just society.
Utilization of Open Educational Resources (OERs) by College Students in India
Authors: Nagaiah M. , Kannan P.
Published: January 2025

In the information driven society OERs facilitates quality educational resources to the community without expecting anything in return. Here, researcher attempts to understand the utilization level of these resources among the college students. The study aims to evaluate the attitude of college students from rural area towards Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and Open Educational Resources (OERs) and the necessity of using OERs among students which will shed light on the internet access, and learning methods. The sample taken from arts and science college students located in Pudukkottai District, Tamil Nadu, India. Samples of 649 were taken from the total population of 26449 students. Most of the respondents came to know about OERs through their teachers and started using it from less than a year before. Furthermore, it was found that librarians were playing a vital role in familiarizing students and teachers with OERs.
Creating Awareness About UN Sustainable Development Goals in Higher Education Institutions Through Short-Term Programs
Authors: Sivaprasad P. , Athulya S.
Published: January 2025

Universities are the key institutions in the process of social transformation and development, they can facilitate knowledge and skills needed to meet the challenges of sustainable development in the society. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of short-term programmes in accelerating the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the Higher Education Institutions. To understand the comprehensiveness of the programme, a qualitative approach was adopted. A descriptive survey design using a structured questionnaire was formulated by the researchers. The delegates of the short-term programme on SDGs conducted in the university were surveyed and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (Version 23). Along with the session coverage of separate Sustainable Development Goals mentioned in each session were included to understand the completeness of the programme. The paper highlights the importance of organising programmes on SDGs to educate the society through academic community.
A Scientometric Analysis of Climatology Research Literature
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu T. C. , Thanuskodi S.
Published: January 2025

Climatology, the scientific study of climate and its long-term patterns and changes, has emerged as one of the most discussed subjects in the present day. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of climatology research through scientometric methods, aiming to track its growth, identify research trends, assess impact, and understand collaboration patterns. The analysis of publication data from 2013 to 2022 reveals a steady increase in the number of publications, indicating sustained growth in climatology research. Time series analysis predicts future trends, projecting a potential growth in literature in the coming years. The study explores various aspects, including document types, open access publications, language distribution, top publishers, and categories of research. Country-wise analysis highlights the prominent contributions of countries like the United States, China, and Germany to climatology research. The identification of prolific authors and their collaboration networks provides insights into key contributors and research partnerships in the field.
Mentoring and Coaching in Staff Development
Authors: Toni Mercy , Mehta Arvinder Kour , S. Guru Basava Aradhya , Mohit  , Chandel Pankaj Singh , M. K. Kamalakkannan , Selvakumar P.
Published: January 2025

Mentoring and coaching are pivotal components in the landscape of staff development, serving as transformative mechanisms that foster personal and professional growth. These practices hinge on guiding individuals through their career journeys, nurturing their skills, and aligning their potential with organizational goals. At its core, mentoring is a relationship-based development strategy where experienced professionals, the mentors, offer their wisdom, guidance, and support to less experienced individuals, the mentees. This relationship is often characterized by a long-term commitment and is designed to help mentees navigate their career paths, acquire new skills, and overcome challenges by leveraging the mentor's experience and network. The principles of mentoring revolve around mutual respect, open communication, and a focus on the mentee's needs and aspirations. In contrast, coaching is generally more structured and short-term, focusing on specific skills or performance improvements.
Promoting Inclusive Practices in Transnational Higher Education Through Staff Training and Development
Authors: Ye Jinting , Morris Gareth
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the critical role of staff training and development in fostering inclusivity within transnational higher education (TNHE), focusing on the integration of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) principles. Through a qualitative case study of four individuals from TNHE institutions, the research reveals the impact of staff training on implementing inclusive practices, addressing barriers such as lack of awareness and systemic issues. It highlights the importance of cultural sensitivity, the challenge of resistance to change, and the influence of power dynamics on inclusivity. The chapter concludes that a multifaceted approach, considering personal, cultural, systemic, and career-related factors, is necessary to foster inclusivity in TNHE and calls for ongoing research and action to advance inclusive practices in higher education.
Enhancing Teaching Through Asynchronous Professional Development Programmes
Authors: Yuan Yuan
Published: January 2025

This chapter presents a comprehensive case study of the Cambridge Professional Development Qualifications – Certificate in Teaching & Learning (PDQ T&L) programme, a benchmarked professional development initiative offered by the University of Nottingham Ningbo China (UNNC), with a focus of its asynchronous learning model. The study spans three cycles of the programme, from 2022 to 2025, and evaluates the effectiveness of its asynchronous delivery model in enhancing teaching practices among participants. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the various aspects of asynchronous teaching development and to identify areas for improvement in the course structure, participant engagement and reflective practice facilitation.
Design of Computer-Aided Instruction Model Based on Knowledge Graph Construction and Learning Path Recommendation
Authors: Meng Bin , Yang Fan
Published: January 2025

This paper proposes a computer-aided teaching model using knowledge graph construction and learning path recommendation. It first creates a multimodal knowledge graph to illustrate complex relationships among knowledge. Learning elements and sequences are then used to form time sequences stored as directed graphs, supporting flexible path recommendations. Learners select elements based on interests and learning bases, updating behavior data for precise path recommendations. The platform, employing distributed architecture, integrates data processing and teaching applications for comprehensive cycle management and assessment. Controlled experiments validate its efficacy in enhancing learning outcomes compared to traditional methods, catering to personalized learning needs and advancing intelligent teaching.
Leveraging digital health systems maturity assessments to guide strategic priorities
Authors: Vumbugwa Phiona , Puttkammer Nancy , Majaha Moira , Likaka Andrew , Stampfly Sonora , Biondich Paul , Shivers Jennifer E. , Mburu Kendi , Soge Olusegun O. , Longenecker Chris , Flowers Jan , Feldacker Caryl
Published: January 2025

Background: Many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face the daunting task of digitising, maturing and deciding where to invest in digital health systems.Aim: Describing the facilitators and barriers to conducting digital health maturity assessments and how health leaders can prioritise the assessments.Setting: eHealth leaders from 10 African countries, working or supporting Ministries of Health’s digital health and participating in the eHealth Leaders’ Forum from July 2023 to September 2023.Methods: This qualitative, descriptive study utilised key informant interviews conducted via Zoom with 14 conveniently selected leaders. We used Dedoose Version 9.0 to develop themes based on the health system’s building blocks.Results: Participants identified maturity assessments as a critical first step to digital health strengthening, showing the system’s performance and building a baseline response to systematic data quality challenges. Barriers to conducting digital health maturity assessment include lacking collaborators’ buy-in, fragmented vision, overdependence on donor priorities, non-supportive policies and an inadequately skilled workforce. Facilitators include multi-stakeholder engagement, understanding the country’s digital health ecosystem and appropriately integrating maturity assessment objectives. Recommendations include capacity building in data use and conducting maturity assessments at all health system levels to grow the demand and value of digital health strengthening.Conclusion: Promoting digital health maturity assessments can help leaders to make appropriate decisions to prioritise areas of improvement and steward maturity advancement as a pathway to strengthening the health system.Contribution: We spotlight the perspectives of African eHealth leaders, centering voices on the barriers, facilitators to planning and recommendations for implementing digital health systems maturity assessments.
Atypical Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma - A Case Report
Authors: Kumar R. Mahesh , Varsha S. , Kumar K. R. Ashok , Kumar B. Jambukeshwar , Pal Supriyo
Published: January 2025

Rationale:

Sinonasal tumours are rare occurrences accounting for 3–4% of tumours (benign/malignant/co-existing) in the head-and-neck region, making it difficult to render an absolute diagnosis and treatment, thereof keeping in mind the tumour presentation and quality of life of the patient.

Patient Concerns:

The patient reported with complaints of swelling over the right side of the face associated with recent onset of pain in the same region.

Diagnosis:

Upon clinical, radiographic and histopathological examination, it was diagnosed as right Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP).

Treatment:

The clinicians in the study approached the SNIP by opting for tumour resection with subtotal maxillectomy and reconstruction using a prosthetic obturator.

Outcomes:

Patient was operated and relived of the pathology and followed up for 18 months. She is now taken up for prosthetic rehabilitation.

Take-away Lessons:

The authors advocate the choice for open surgeries in cases where minimally invasive techniques do not meet the needs of desired results.
Cervical Vestibular-evoked Myogenic Potential in Healthy Adults: A Cross-sectional Study Investigating the Impact of Various Stimuli and Recording Conditions
Authors: Pandey Saumya , Gupta Sangeeta , Rath Ramashankar , Gupta Gaurav
Published: January 2025

Background:

Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (c-VEMPs) is a noninvasive procedure that captures the electrical activity of sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles in response to auditory stimuli. The clinical value of VEMP, however, is affected by the use of appropriate stimuli and correct testing techniques. This study investigates the effects of different stimuli and recording conditions on c-VEMP recordings.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty healthy participants, aged 18–60 years, underwent c-VEMP recordings. Air-conducted sound stimuli (tone bursts and clicks) in sitting, supine neck torsion, and supine head lift and neck torsion positions along with the variation in the active electrode positions were employed to obtain the c-VEMP records. The c-VEMP parameters were compared by paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and one-way ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Tone burst and click-evoked c-VEMP varied with statistically significant differences in terms of amplitudes, corrected amplitudes, and thresholds (P = 0.0000). Tone burst stimuli produced larger amplitudes and lower thresholds in both ears. No significant difference was found in c-VEMP parameters tested for differences in active electrode placement except for threshold asymmetry (P = 0.0123) (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). c-VEMP recordings in the sitting position produced significantly larger corrected amplitudes compared to the supine head lift and neck torsion positions, for both sides (one-way ANOVA).

Conclusion:

The results of the current study revealed a greater response rates and larger amplitudes for tone burst-evoked c-VEMP responses as compared to those with click stimuli. A seated, head-turned position with the active electrode placed in the middle of the SCM muscle yielded larger tone burst-evoked c-VEMP responses. The variation in the VEMP data obtained owing to different stimuli and recording conditions should be considered when evaluating patients in clinical practice to optimize the clinical applicability of the VEMP examination.
Exploring the Profiles of ROS1 Tyrosine Kinase: A Structural Analysis of G2032R and D2033N Mutations
Authors: Hasan Syed Ikramul
Published: January 2025

Background:

ROS1, a proto-oncogene, drives cancer through chromosomal fusions. The G2032R and D2033N mutations, common in ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer, hinder crizotinib treatment. We investigate these mutations’ impact on ROS1 structure through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, revealing destabilization. Our findings shed light on how these mutations contribute to cancer development.

Materials and Methods:

The crystal structure of human ROS1 (PDB ID: 7z5x) served as the template for homology modeling and further mutation insertion of G2032R and D2033N substitutions introduced using Swiss-PdbViewer. The MD simulations were conducted on the wild-type (WT) and mutant ROS1 kinase domains to explore the structural changes and interactions.

Results:

The initial model of the human ROS1 crystal structure was constructed, incorporating missing loop residues and then utilized for the MD simulation studies. The examination of conformational changes in WT, G2032R, and D2033N mutant ROS1 proteins involved observing alterations in the C-alpha protein. We observed that the mutations resulted in deviations in the MD trajectory over the 500 ns period. Consequently, the MD simulations unveiled significant conformational changes induced by the G2032R and D2033N mutations, affecting protein stability and dynamics, particularly in regions such as the ATP binding and active sites.

Conclusion:

Our study constructed an initial model of the human ROS1 and used it for MD simulation studies to examine the conformational changes in ROS1 mutants. Notably, our observations revealed that the mutations caused deviations in the MD trajectory. The G2032R and D2033N mutations significantly alter ROS1 structure, affecting its stability and dynamics, offering key insights into their role in cancer disease development.
Kounis Syndrome after Oral Amoxicillin Clavulanate
Authors: Chatterjee Sirsha , Paranjape Saloni , Singh Gurbachan
Published: January 2025

Kounis or allergic vasospastic angina has been described after exposure to several foods, drugs, and insect bites and stings. Mast cell degranulation during a hypersensitivity allergic or anaphylactic reaction leads to inflammatory mediators causing coronary spasm and thrombosis. A 44-year-old female with no comorbidities presented with sweating, dizziness, rashes, chest tightness, and epigastric discomfort 1 h after oral amoxicillin clavulanate. Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed ST segment changes along with elevated troponin I. Suspecting Kounis syndrome, she was administered pheniramine maleate, hydrocortisone, and oral antiplatelets along with intravenous fluids. Chest tightness was better, and ECG improved in 60 min. Since systemic adrenaline was to be avoided for fear of coronary vasospasm, for airway edema, nebulized adrenaline was administered. She recovered completely and was discharged after 48 h. This case highlights coronary vasospasm during an ongoing allergic reaction and its management with antihistamines, steroids, and antiplatelet drugs. Nebulized adrenaline was safely given with ECG monitoring for airway edema.
An aggressive recurrence of an early stage ovarian cancer? Second primary
Authors: Naithani Amita , Makkar Priyanka , Pratima R , Sharma Anila , Kamboj Meenakshi , Gupta Manoj , Jajodia Ankush , Agarwal Vidushi , Sekhon Rupinder
Published: January 2025

Endometroid carcinoma of ovary has a very good disease-free survival and overall survival. In comparison to other histological subtypes of ovarian cancer, it presents at an early stage. We present a case of well-differentiated stage 1a endometrioid carcinoma ovary with a challenging and rare presentation on routine follow up. Differentiating recurrence in ovarian cancer from second primary: A case report.
Microscopic Structure of Vascular Endothelial Cells with Special Reference to Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mostafa Hany K. K.
Published: January 2025

Endothelial cells are the single layer of cells lining the interior of the cardiovascular system, including the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins. They play a crucial role in maintaining vascular health and function through a variety of processes, including regulating blood flow through secreted factors that cause blood vessels to constrict or dilate, ensuring proper blood supply to different organs. Capillaries, with their porous endothelial lining, facilitate the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between blood and tissues. Endothelial cells produce substances that prevent blood clotting within healthy vessels and promote clotting at injury sites. They share immune response and angiogenesis. This review highlights the role of endothelial dysfunction in development of various diseases, with a particular focus on non-obstructive coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus. Non-obstructive coronary artery disease is primarily caused due to endothelial dysfunction, characterized by impaired nitric oxide production and a decrease in vasodilatory capacity. Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Early detection and treatment of endothelial dysfunction are crucial to prevent complications. On the other hand, chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus damages endothelial cells, contributing to various complications. These complications can be categorized as microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) and macrovascular (coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease). Hyperglycemia triggers multiple pathways that damage endothelial cells, including the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), oxidative stress, and inflammation. The review concludes that endothelial cell biomarkers can offer the potential for monitoring endothelial health and disease progression. Further research on endothelial cell biomarkers is warranted to improve diagnosis and guide treatment strategies.
Histopathological Predictors of Severity of Fungal Infection in Cases of Post-COVID-19 Outbreak of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis
Authors: Dixit Sonali , Tanveer Nadeem , Sharma Sonal , Jindal Meemansa , Arora Vipin , Doodani Priyank
Published: January 2025

Background:

A spike in rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) cases was ascertained in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, the histopathology slides of 214 samples from 162 patients diagnosed with ROCM (received throughout the post-COVID-19 outbreak) were retrieved. The histopathologic features were evaluated as per predetermined criteria and correlated with clinical stage, mortality, and other details.

Results:

Out of 162 patients, 25 patients (15.4%) succumbed to the disease while 137 (85.4%) recovered. A lower fungal load conferred a statistically significant better chance of survival for the patients. The presence of vessel thrombosis, higher fungal load, and absence of giant cells were found to have a significant correlation with higher clinical stage of the fungal infection. Following histopathologic features were found to have no statistically significant correlation with either the stage of the disease or mortality-angioinvasion, perineural invasion, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, foamy histiocytes, grade of neutrophilic infiltration, granulomatous reaction, presence of oxalate crystals, and grade of coagulative necrosis.

Conclusion:

In the post-COVID-19 setting, higher fungal load, vessel wall thrombosis, and absence of giant cell reaction correlate with higher clinical stage of the disease.
Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors with Annular Tubules: Exploring a Rare Ovarian Tumor in a Teenage Patient
Authors: Malapaka Swarnabala , Potturu Bharath , Brahmaiah Jyoti , Govardhan Tulasi
Published: January 2025

An uncommon type of sex cord-stromal tumor of the ovary is a sex cord-stromal tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT). It forms only about 1% of sex cord-stromal tumors. They tend to occur in reproductive age group women and are usually associated with Peutz–Jeghers syndrome. When it is syndromic, it is usually bilateral, small, and multifocal, whereas in sporadic cases, it is unilateral, cystic, and slightly bigger. Here, we present a 13-year-old patient with nonsyndromic SCTAT.
Stability and Relapse Challenges in Orthognathic Surgery: A Review
Authors: Attia Haitham
Published: January 2025

Whether short-term or long-term, stability and relapse challenge oral and maxillofacial surgeons; presurgical and postsurgical orthodontic treatments provide stability and contribute to minimizing relapse. Skeletal discrepancies are discussed among different surgical techniques. This review aims to examine factors leading to relapse and instability.
Exponential sums over Möbius convolutions with applications to partitions
Authors: Basak Debmalya , Robles Nicolas , Zaharescu Alexandru
Published: January 2025

We establish bounds for exponential sums twisted by generalized Möbius functions and their convolutions. As an application, we prove asymptotic formulas for certain weighted chromatic partitions by using the Hardy–Littlewood circle method. Lastly, we provide an explicit formula relating the contributions from the major arcs with a sum over the zeros of the Riemann zeta-function.
Presentation of an Iwasawa algebra: The pro-p Iwahori of simple, simply connected, split groups
Authors: Lahiri Aranya , Ray Jishnu
Published: January 2025

In this article, we generalize results of Clozel and Ray (for

$SL_2$

and

$SL_n$

, respectively) to give explicit ring-theoretic presentation in terms of a complete set of generators and relations of the Iwasawa algebra of the pro-p Iwahori subgroup of a simple, simply connected, split group

$\mathbf {G}$

over

${{\mathbb Q}_p}$

.
On infinitesimal
$\boldsymbol { \tau }$
-isospectrality of locally symmetric spaces
Authors: Bhagwat Chandrasheel , Mondal Kaustabh , Sachdeva Gunja
Published: January 2025

Let
$(\tau , V_{\tau })$
be a finite dimensional representation of a maximal compact subgroup K of a connected non-compact semisimple Lie group G, and let
$\Gamma $
be a uniform torsion-free lattice in G. We obtain an infinitesimal version of the celebrated Matsushima–Murakami formula, which relates the dimension of the space of automorphic forms associated to
$\tau $
and multiplicities of irreducible
$\tau ^\vee $
-spherical spectra in
$L^2(\Gamma \backslash G)$
. This result gives a promising tool to study the joint spectra of all central operators on the homogenous bundle associated to the locally symmetric space and hence its infinitesimal
$\tau $
-isospectrality. Along with this, we prove that the almost equality of
$\tau $
-spherical spectra of two lattices assures the equality of their
$\tau $
-spherical spectra.
Generalizing Pauli spin matrices using cubic lattices
Authors: Turnansky Morrison
Published: January 2025

In quantum mechanics, the connection between the operator algebraic realization and the logical models of measurement of state observables has long been an open question. In the approach that is presented here, we introduce a new application of the cubic lattice. We claim that the cubic lattice may be faithfully realized as a subset of the self-adjoint space of a von Neumann algebra. Furthermore, we obtain a unitary representation of the symmetry group of the cubic lattice. In so doing, we re-derive the classic quantum gates and gain a description of how they govern a system of qubits of arbitrary cardinality.
Universal behavior of the BCS energy gap
Authors: Henheik Joscha , Lauritsen Asbjørn Bæ kgaard
Published: January 2025

We consider the BCS energy gap

\Xi(T)

(essentially given by

\Xi(T) \approx \Delta(T, \sqrt{\mu})

, the BCS order parameter) at all temperatures

0 \le T \le T_{\textup{c}}

up to the critical one,

T_{\textup{c}}

, and show that, in the limit of weak coupling, the ratio

\Xi(T)/T_{\textup{c}}

is given by a universal function of the relative temperature

T/T_{\textup{c}}

. On the one hand, this recovers a recent result by Langmann and Triola [Phys. Rev. B 108 (2023), no. 10, article no. 104503] on three-dimensional

s

-wave superconductors for temperatures bounded uniformly away from

T_{\textup{c}}

. On the other hand, our result lifts these restrictions, as we consider arbitrary spatial dimensions

d \in \{1,2,3\}

, discuss superconductors with non-zero angular momentum (primarily in two dimensions), and treat the perhaps physically most interesting (due to the occurrence of the superconducting phase transition) regime of temperatures close to 

T_{\textup{c}}

.
Tонкие исключительные множества в проблеме Варинга-Гольдбаха: два квадрата, два куба и два биквадрата
Authors: Tian Shuangrui
Published: January 2025

Пусть $N$ - достаточно большое число. В работе показано, что не более чем с $O(N^{3/32+\varepsilon})$ исключениями все натуральные числа, не превосходящие $N$, представляются в виде $p_1^2+p_2^2+p_3^3+p_4^3+p_5^4+p_6^4$, где $p_1, p_2, …, p_6$ простые. Это улучшает оценку $O(N^{7/18+\varepsilon})$, установленную Чжангом и Ли.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Об операторных оценках для эллиптических уравнений в многомерных областях с сильно искривленной границей
Authors: Borisov Denis Ivanovich , Suleimanov Radim Radikovich
Published: January 2025

Рассматривается система полулинейных эллиптических уравнений второго порядка в многомерной области. Граница такой области произвольным образом искривляется, оставаясь в тонком слое вдоль невозмущенной границы. На искривленной границе задается условие Дирихле или условие Неймана. В случае условия Неймана на структуру искривления накладываются дополнительные достаточно естественные и весьма слабые условия. Наложенные условия позволяют рассмотреть очень широкий класс искривлений, включая, например, классическую быстро осциллирующую границу. Показано, что когда упомянутый тонкий слой сжимается и искривленная граница приближается к невозмущенной, усреднение рассматриваемой задачи приводит к той же системе уравнений с теми же краевыми условиями, но уже на предельной границе. Основной результат - доказательство соответствующих операторных $W_2^1$- и $L_2$-оценок.
Библиография: 29 названий.
Socio-demographic profiles of people living with leprosy-related disabilities in Kongo-Central, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Bavenga Bavenga Camille , Ghoma Linguissi Laure Stella
Published: January 2025

Context and objective.  Leprosy is a major problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), ranked 5th in the world and 1st in Africa for leprosy endemic. The objective of this study was to describe the socio-demographic profiles of people affected by leprosy-related disabilities in Kongo-Central, focusing on age, gender, socio-economic status, access to care and stigma. Methods. We conducted a retrospective study in Kongo-Central province, using data from 2010 to 2020. The population included persons registered in the monitoring registers, with specific inclusion and non-inclusion criteria. Variables of interest included socio-demographic profiles and forms of leprosy. Results.  Of 748 patients, 23% had degree 2 disabilities. An annual decrease in leprosy and infirmity was observed. A slight male predominance (57.87%) was noted with an average age of 50 ± 18.82 years and an age range between 50 and 75 years. Women were more likely to have a paucibacillary form (19.25%). The spatial distribution of disabilities showed more affected areas, highlighting the impact of poverty, isolation and ignorance. Conclusion. The study highlights significant disparities and underlines the need for continuous measures to prevent and effectively treat this persistent disease.
Received: December 14th, 2023
Accepted: October 10th, 2024
https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v18i1.10
Purple urine bag syndrome as a harbinger of death : a case report in palliative care
Authors: Peng-Wendé Ouedraogo Louis Sylvain , Wendlamita Kyelem Julie Marie Adeline , Bognounou Réné
Published: January 2025

"Purple Urine Bag Syndrome" (PUBS) is a rare condition characterised by a violet discoloration of the urine collection bag in patients with an indwelling urinary catheter. While generally benign, PUBS can be associated with underlying problems such as urinary tract infections, dependency, particularly in elderly and frail patients. We present the case of a 93-year-old female Burkinabe patient with multiple comorbidities who was receiving palliative care at home. The patient presented with severe malnutrition, pressure ulcers, and an indwelling urinary catheter for over three months. The appearance of violet discoloration in the urine collection bag was observed eight months after the initiation of palliative care. This case raises questions about the prognostic significance of PUBS in end-of-life patients. The patient's fatal outcome suggests that PUBS, while often considered benign, could be associated with a poor prognosis in elderly and frail patients.
Received: June 18th, 2024
Accepted: October 29th, 2024
https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v18i1.16
Systemic diseases with cutaneous manifestations and quality of life of individuals with dark skin: a series of 30 cases in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Pacôme Gbandama Koffi Kouamé , Sarah Kourouma Hamdan , Coulibaly Aziz , Leslie-Wilfried Amani Kaunan Gbonangbo , Gontran Lobah Yves , Nina Soumahoro Madjako , Kaloga Mamadou
Published: January 2025

Context and objective. The repercussions of systemic diseases with cutaneous manifestations on the quality of life of patients in sub-Saharan Africa are very little studied. The present study assessed the impact of systemic diseases on the quality of life of dark-skinned patients. Methods. This was a prospective study of case series conducted at the Department of Dermatology, Treichville University Hospital in October 2019. The impact on patients' quality of life was assessed by the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Results. Thirty patients were included in the study, with a female predominance (87%) and a mean age of 43.8 ± 14.3 years. Systemic lupus (47%) and systemic scleroderma (40%) were predominant. Daily activities (22%), treatments used/sun exposure (20%), and studies/work activities (18%) were most affected. According to the DLQI, the effect on patients' quality of life was significant (70%). Conclusion. The present study identifies a significant effect of systemic diseases with cutaneous manifestations on patients' quality of life using the DLQI score.
Received: February 9th, 2024
Accepted: October 13th, 2024
https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v18i1.7
Verification of initial forensic certificates through requisitions: a descriptive serial case
Authors: Ajmani Fatima , Abouzahir Hind , Amine Daerqaoui Mohamed , Belhouss Ahmed , Benyaich Hicham
Published: January 2025

Context and objective. The medical characterization of injuries from a physical assault is provided through the initial descriptive medical certificate and judicially by the determination of work disability, which is a fundamental factor in assessing the severity of the injuries. The objective of the study is to define appropriate drafting criteria for initial medical certificates, while examining discrepancies between established medical certificates and those submitted for expertise through requisitions. Methods. This was an observational study conducted from 2017 to 2020, based on the analysis of 137 initial medical certificates (IMCs) verified as part of a requisition at the Forensic Institute of the Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca. After the description of the characteristics of the study population, a bivariate analysis was performed to determine relationships between variables, based on chi-square tests. Results. Victims were predominantly male (82.48%), with the most affected age group being 26 to 40 years old. Road traffic accidents accounted for the majority of cases (91.24%), with an average time to obtain the IMC of 8 days. Approximately 49.64% of victims were hospitalized, and 41.61% underwent surgery. Pre-printed paper was most commonly used for drafting certificates (75.91%). However, deficiencies were observed, including illegible words in 40.87% of IMCs and absence of mention of accompanying minors (86.96%). Results of additional examinations were reported in 78.83% of cases. The verified duration of work disability was consistent with that established in most cases (81.75%), but discrepancies were noted in some cases (16.06% lower, 2.19% higher). Conclusion. The present study identifies criteria for quality drafting of initial medical certificates and assesses the associated duration of work disability. The results highlight the importance of ensuring the quality of IMCs and suggest potential improvements in their drafting and evaluation to ensure proper care for victims in the studied context.
Received: January 16th, 2024
Accepted: October 24th, 2024
https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v18i1.8
Frequency and nature of obstetric violence in Kisangani Maternity Hospitals, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Habiragi Matega Teddy , Bosunga Katenga Gédéon , Syhalikyolo Juakali Jean-Jeannot
Published: January 2025

Context and objective. Obstetric violence represents all abuses suffered that women experience during childbirth. The present study was conducted to describe the nature, frequency and resentment of acts and abuses committed in maternity hospitals. Methods. This was a cross-sectional, multi-site descriptive study conducted in Kisangani from February 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023. Data were collected prospectively, using questionnaires from birth attendants at the maternity hospitals, and focused on the nature of the violence and patient satisfaction assessed on a Likert scale. Results.Two hundred and eight women (mean age 26.56±6.94 years) were enrolled. Approximately 1/5 of the deliveries (21.63%) were not allowed to have family support. The rate of women who had undergone vaginal touching without their consent was 58.65%, and the gynaecological position was systematic for all vaginal deliveries. The opinion of 54.02% of patients was that this position was imposed and 30.46% were dissatisfied with it. Caesarean section was performed without consent at a rate of 91.18%. The medical team's assistance was poor for 31.73% of patients. Disrespectful words were used in 29.33% of deliveries, and 6.25% of women were victims of blows. Episiotomy was performed without consent in 41.18% of cases. Conclusion. Obstetric violence remains a real problem in Kisangani maternity hospitals, where health care staff should humanize their actions while giving priority to patient consent.
Received: November 28th, 2023
Accepted: October 16th, 2024
https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v18i1.9
Semiochemicals: The future of pest management
Authors: Abdallah M. Albeltagy
Published: January 2025

The Revolution of chemical pesticides in industry and agricultural production which began with the discovery of DDT insecticidal properties by Paul Hermann Muller in 1939 (Noble Prize in medicine 1948) started its decline (As a false revolution) in 1962 with the deceleration of Rachel Carson in her magnificent book " The Silent Spring " about the harmful effects of chemical pesticides on both the environment and human health. The true revolution – from the aspect of pest control – began in 1959 (20 years after the false one) with the discovery and identification of the first insect pheromone, Bombykol, the silkworm Bombyx mori sex – pheromone by Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt (The Noble Prize in Chemistry 1939, discovery of human female sex – hormones, estrone and other primary female sex hormones, received in 1949). Since then, Semiochemicals (especially pheromones and Kairomones) have been pointed out as the future tool of integrated pest management (IPM). By the beginning of the 21st century, the era of chemical pesticides started their end in the industry (Many pesticide companies closed or converted to Semiochemicals manufacturing) and agriculture production (Too many pesticides proved to be environmental pollutants), while the era of Semiochemicals has begun to take its role in human development and civilization, as a clean industry and clean pest management tools. Semiochemicals are very important to the whole world, to African countries and especially to The Nile Basin countries not only in industry and agricultural production, but in public health also, that is because of its multiple advantages which will be mentioned in this review.
Aggregation pheromone of locusts contributes to its control
Authors: Zeinab Fathy , Jihan Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Locusts may form large swarms that can quickly consume enormous amounts of crops and vegetation, which can have a disastrous effect on agriculture. These swarms are capable of covering great distances, eradicating crops of grains, vegetables, and other vital food supplies, causing large crop losses, and jeopardizing the security of food in the affected areas. Numerous crops are targeted by the locusts, including grains that are basic diets for many populations, such as wheat, rice, and maize. Their feeding has the potential to bare entire fields, costing farmers money and raising food prices. Furthermore, outbreaks of locusts can harm pasturelands over time, decreasing the amount of feed available to cattle and negatively affecting agricultural livelihoods. In this study, we used the aggregation pheromones presented in the feces of aggregation locust culture to attract mature adult females to lay their eggs. Egg pods were then treated with a 50% locust feces extract solution to study its effects on egg hatching. The physiological analysis investigated that the total lipids, protein, and carbohydrates of the treated egg pods were significantly reduced compared to the control ones. This may be used as a good trap for controlling locust egg pods.
Comparative studies on the effect of camphor leaves and green algal extracts against house sparrow bird Passer domesticus niloticus (Passeriformes:Passeridae) under laboratory conditions
Authors: Asmaa A. Adawy , Hesham M. Abbas , Fatma K. Khidr , Hanan M. Zakaria , Rania M. Mahmoud
Published: January 2025

The avicidal repellent effects of camphor plant leaves and green algal extracts were studied under laboratory conditions, crude plant and algal extract when solved by ethanol and hexane. For the free and one-choice feeding test, the ethanol and hexane extracts were coated with sorghum seeds to introduce them as bait to target birds in different concentrations and were tested to clarify their repellent activity against house sparrow bird Passer domesticus niloticus (Passeriformes: Passeridae). The results proved that ethanol extract was more effective than hexane. The assessment of phytochemicals of camphor extract indicated that sterol and triterpenes, phenols, anthraquinone, saponin flavonoid, alkaloid carbohydrates, and glycosides were found in high amounts, and they may be responsible for the avicidal repellent effect observed in the present study. Therefore, camphor could be used as an avicide repellent more than algal extract.
Necroscapes of social control and the medical philosophy of interment in Cameroon: A study of PfenəMbvɨmə in Kedjom-Keku
Authors: Wihbongale Louis Aghogah , Faleye Olukayode A.
Published: January 2025

The discourse on death and many indigenous African mortuary practices have received critical attention and scholarship. However, little attention has been paid to indigenous African burial practices in relation to public health, disease and crime control. This article explores how forms and causes of death determine social control systems and medical philosophies of interment in Cameroon. The paper focuses on the philosophical foundations birthing the PfenəMbvɨmə (the bottomless burial site) in Kedjom-Keku. Using critical analysis of oral interviews, archival records and extant literature, we unveil how burial practices have contributed to the philosophy of medicine and history of social change in Cameroon.
Environmental challenges and the place of African relational environmental ethics of Unhu/Ubuntu
Authors: Chemhuru Munamato
Published: January 2025

Questions on understanding the connections between human beings and the natural environment have generally been addressed extensively. However, more effort still needs to be made to augment such research by considering how to further understand human-environment connections from ethical perspectives. In this work, I consider how the human-environment relationship might be approached differently by appealing to some underexplored relational values of existence that are salient in the African philosophy of unhu/ubuntu. I argue why these values of unhu/ubuntu ought to be relevant to environmental challenges currently facing the world. After considering some of the implications of the current environmental crisis for the environment and human beings, I will explore what environmental ethical intuitions might be drawn from the African relational ethical view based on unhu/ubuntu. In the end, I argue that an appeal to African ethics of unhu/ubuntu ought to be taken seriously in terms of its implications for the ontological connectedness, communality, relationality, harmonious and intergenerational co-existence between different beings. Ultimately, I show how ubuntu can function as the basis for an environmental philosophy for Africa and elsewhere as I consider some of the environmental challenges facing the world.
Occupational injuries and associated risk factors among construction workers: a cross-sectional in rural areas of Eastern India
Authors: Mohanty S. , Mohapatra G. , Madhusikta S. , Kar M.
Published: January 2025

Background: Due to the nature of their work, construction workers are always at high risk of sustaining physical injuries. This study assessed the prevalence, types of workplace injuries, and associated factors among construction workers in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Outpatient Department (OPD) at a Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) linked to a medical college in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, from October 2021 to March 2022. A total of 260 workers aged 18 and older selected by systematic random sampling from various construction sites related to RHTC were interviewed. Trained field staff, guided by one of the investigators, gathered data using a questionnaire.
Results: Most participants (49.62%) were between 19 and 28 years of age, predominantly male (85%), and studied up to primary level of education (48.5%). The prevalence of injuries was 50.77 %, and the most prevalent injuries include sprains and cuts/lacerations (24.24%). Falling objects at construction sites were the most common cause of injury (40.91%). Plumbers (odds ratio of 11.11, 95% CI: 1.27-96.87) and rod binders (odds ratio of 2.67, 95% CI: 1.08-6.59) faced greater odds of sustaining injuries, while the duration of work significantly influenced the likelihood of workplace injuries.
Conclusion: Construction workers at the study place had a relatively high prevalence of external injuries. The present burden of injuries in the locality must be lessened by effective implementation of health and safety management, training construction workers, and ensuring access to appropriate personal protective equipment.