bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of (E)-N′-((4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl)-N,N-dimethylformimidamide, C9H13N3O2S
Authors: Abdel-Aziz Alaa A.-M. , El-Azab Adel S. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Obaidullaha Ahmad J.
Published: December 2019

C9H13N3O2S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.0984(4) Å, b = 17.3203(10) Å, c = 9.6802(4) Å, β = 124.031(3)°, V = 1125.26(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0504, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1275, T = 293(2) K.
Recent progress in shape memory polymer composites: methods, properties, applications and prospects
Authors: Lei Ming , Chen Zhen , Lu Haibao , Yu Kai
Published: December 2019

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) can be programmed to a temporary shape, and then recover its original shape by applying environmental stimuli when needed. To expands the application space of SMPs, the shape memory polymer composites (SMPCs) were fabricated either to improve the mechanical properties, or to incorporate more stimulus methods. With the deepening of research, the filler arrangement can also be used to reshape the composites from a two dimensional sheet to a three dimensional structure by a strain mismatch. Recently, SMPCs show more and more interesting behaviors. To gain systematic understanding, we briefly review the recent progress and summarize the challenges in SMPCs. We focus on the reinforcement methods and the composite properties. To look to the future, we review the bonding points with the advanced manufacturing technology and their potential applications.
The Schengen Border and the Criminalization of Migration in Slovenia
Authors: Bajt Veronika
Published: December 2019

Detention, expulsion and deterrence have become the predominant policy response to migration. It is reported that it is becoming increasingly difficult even to claim asylum in the EU. All states restrict border access, but immigration is criminalized most stringently in cases of asylum. Noting how many national jurisdictions are adopting ever more restrictive immigration control systems, the author discusses the recent criminalization of migration in Slovenia. The country’s former internal Yugoslav boundary became the European Union’s Schengen border in 2007, and what was a permeable demarcation between Slovenia and Croatia up to 1991 has now become a hard border, subject to securitization and surveillance. The author explores the policy-making surrounding the symbolic construction of Slovenia as an EU member state which has been charged with the role of Schengen border defender. She shows how this shift has become apparent in Slovenia’s immigration management policies, administrative practices, and political discourse.
Administrative Legacy and the River Mura Border Dispute between Slovenia and Croatia
Authors: Zajc Marko
Published: December 2019

Set at the intersection between political history and environmental history, this article shows the significance of administrative legacy and natural dynamics of rivers in the landscape for creating (and solving) border disputes. In 2006, Slovenia and Croatia engaged in such a dispute regarding the exact course of the border near the River Mura in the vicinity of the villages of Hotiza (Slovenia) and Sv. Martin na Muri (Croatia). After giving an overview of the Slovenian-Croatian border disputes between 1992 and 2019, the author analyses the border dispute around the River Mura. He then shows how the history of the river’s regulations, of the Habsburg and Yugoslav land survey activities, as well as of the previous border disputes on the river are entangled in the current dispute.
Tourism Urbanization in Croatia. The Cases of Poreč in Istria and Makarska in Dalmatia
Authors: Kranjčević Jasenka , Hajdinjak Sanja
Published: December 2019

Taking Croatia as a case in point, the authors compare the influence of spatial planning on tourism urbanization. To understand how tourism and spatial planning have interacted on a subnational level, two tourism centres on the Adriatic coast, Poreč in Istria and Makarska in Dalmatia, were chosen as case studies. The authors argue that while tourism-driven urbanization during the socialist era favoured the development of hotels paired with quality communal infrastructure and public facilities, the subsequent socio-economic transformation has oriented tourism investments towards private profit in ways that have often led to the neglect of public interest and facilities. The two chosen cases represent different paths, however. In the last thirty years, Makarska has fallen prey to what has come to be called apartmanizacija (apartmentization)—an usurpation of valuable coastal space through the uncontrolled construction of private apartments. Poreč, on the other hand, has maintained its well-planned space by carefully rebuilding and upgrading its hotel capacities.
Kritische Rohstoffe – Die Achillesverse der USA im Wettstreit mit China
Authors: Schmid Marc
Published: December 2019

The confrontation between the US and China in the current trade dispute is one of the first clashes between the established and the emerging world power. This contibution examines the special role of critical raw materials in the rivalry of the two countries. The analysis reveals the reliance of the United States on the supply of critical raw materials from China, which is a severe weakness of the US economy and military. The dependency leads to supply risks, undermines the American position in the conflict between the two countries and is an Achilles’ heel that makes the US economy vulnerable. US politics seems to be aware of the risk, but their measures are not sufficient in order to reduce the supply risks and dependency associated with critical raw materials from China. A comprehensive and long-term oriented raw material strategy is required.
Autonomes Fahren statt Stop and Go: Vorschläge zur effektiven Gestaltung der deutschen Kurzarbeit
Authors: Balleer Almut , Gehrke Britta , Hochmuth Brigitte , Merkl Christian
Published: December 2019

This article argues that short-time work stabilized employment in Germany substantially during the Great Recession in 2008/09. The labor market instrument acted in timely manner, as it was used in a rule-based fashion. In addition, discretionary extensions were effective due to their interaction with the business cycle. To ensure that short-time work will be effective in the future, this article proposes an automatic facilitation of the access to short-time work in severe recessions. This reduces the likelihood of a too extensive use at the wrong point in time as well as structural instead of cyclical interventions.
GAME SITUATION AS A MEANS OF FORMING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCES IN STUDENTS
Authors: Topcu Iskender
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the role of gaming situations in the process of forming communicative competences in students. A traditional approach to learning is not always justifiable in a modern comprehensive school setting, as it does not adequately provide for intensive acquisition of knowledge.

The use of the game situation system permits effective shaping, improving and developing the skills and abilities for all types of language activities. The game exercises, when used systematically, help to model the conditions of real communication in the learning process, which in turn leads to an increased level of motivation to learn a foreign language.

The situation as a relationship system does not appear arbitrarily. Students can be provided with specific situational positions, so that the situation will arise and function on their basis, thus permitting to plan the necessary for controlled learning situations in advance. The situation is a universal form of the communication process functioning that exists as an integrative dynamic system of social status, role, activity and moral relationships between the subjects of communication, reflected in their minds and arising from the interaction of their situational positions.

In the context of our study, we have defined game situations during foreign language lessons as an active type of educational activity aimed at simulation modeling the systems, processes, and phenomena being studied.

Game exercises with an element of competition provide motivation for learning and speech activities due to participation in game activities. Game situations with a role-based component contribute to enhancing motivation of student participation in foreign language communication in the classroom and formation of students’ communication skills. The game situation is the set of tasks that include specially designed learning situations and communicative dialogues that contribute to the design of the process of development of the communicative potential of an individual student.
НАЦІОНАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНИЙ КОМПОНЕНТ ЗМІСТУ НАВЧАННЯ ЛІТЕРАТУРНОГО ЧИТАННЯ В ШКОЛАХ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ МЕНШИН
Authors: Bohdanets-Biloskalenko Natalia
Published: December 2019

У сучасних реаліях суспільного, культурно-освітнього простору України важливо формувати у дітей національну свідомість, почуття патріотизму за державу, в якій живуть. Це є одним із провідних завдань виховання дітей і молоді, оскільки забезпечує плекання громадян-патріотів своєї країни, здатних захищати її незалежність та цілісність. Сучасна школа відіграє важливу роль у становленні особистості, здатної брати активну участь в усіх сферах соціокультурного життя країни.

У статті обґрунтовано важливість добору текстів художньої літератури на національно-та соціокультурних засадах в підручниках з літературного читання для шкіл з мовою навчання національних меншин. Запропоновано аналіз існуючих підручників з літературного читання для шкіл національних меншин.

Автором визначено, що існує чимало шляхів засвоєння культурного досвіду українського народу. Проте саме художнє слово має неабиякий вплив на малого читача. Через вчинки героїв, історичні, народознавчі, природничі, пізнавальні тексти відбувається знайомство з культурою народу, в якій проживають представники різних національних меншин.

У результаті аналізу і синтезу різних джерел автор стверджує, що твори з національно-культурним змістом  відіграють важливу роль у формуванні свідомих громадян своєї держави. А тому підручники з літературного читання для молодших школярів з навчанням мовами національних меншин обо’язково мають складатися у переважній більшості саме з таких творів. У такому випадку мета формування різнобічно розвиненої, національно свідомої, духовно багатої, творчої особистості, здатної до самостійного здобування нових знань, націленої на саморозвиток і реалізацію себе в суспільстві, буде досягнута.
ВКЛЮЧЕННЯ ДІТЕЙ З ОСОБЛИВИМИ ПОТРЕБАМИ В СОЦІАЛЬНО-ОСВІТНЄ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ
Authors: Shevchenko Volodymyr
Published: December 2019

У статті автор розглядає важливе питання для сучасної освіти в Україні, яка перебуває в стадії реформування, - включення дітей з особливими потребами в соціально-освітнє середовище. Він ставить за мету визначити можливості для включення дітей з особливими потребами до соціально-освітнього середовища і розкрити проблеми адаптації за допомогою методів аналізу, синтезу, систематизації та узагальнення. Автор визначає поняття «соціалізація», «соціальне середовище» і «соціально-освітнє середовище». Він наголошує на особливостях взаємодії дітей з особливими потребами із соціальним середовищем. Автор зазначає, що інтеграція та соціалізація дітей з особливими потребами – це складний і тривалий процес. Він вимагає суттєвих змін у ставленні до дітей з інвалідністю, які потребують не лише педагогічної та психологічної підтримки і заходів реабілітації, а й належних умов для актуалізації своїх здібностей, розвитку особистих якостей та потреб у соціальному, моральному і духовному самовдосконаленні. Включення дітей з особливими потребами в соціальне середовище полягає у створенні психологічно-педагогічних умов для навчання та спілкування, взаємодії такої дитини в освітньому закладі. Автор статті також зазначає, що повноцінне виховання дітей з особливими потребами не може відбуватися окремо від сім’ї. Тому сім’я є досить важливим і значущим компонентом для соціалізації дітей з особливими потребами. Саме їй належить найголовніша та найвідповідальніша роль у цьому процесі, фахівці ж мають допомагати та підтримувати такі родини. Автором встановлено, що на сьогодні вплив батьків дітей з особливими потребами на систему надання освітньо-реабілітаційних послуг та на прийняття державних рішень у цій сфері є досить значним. Необхідно розкрити потенціал їхніх можливостей для максимальної інтеграції дітей у соціально-освітнє середовище.
ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ДО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ УРОКУ В КОНТЕКСТІ ВАРІАТИВНОСТІ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Nesterenko Marina
Published: December 2019

У статті визначено та теоретично обґрунтовані педагогічні умови, які забезпечують ефективність професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів до моделювання уроків в умовах варіативності початкової освіти. Такими в дослідженні виокремлені: організація суб’єкт-суб’єктної взаємодії учасників освітнього процесу, орієнтація викладача на впровадження технології контекстного навчання, активізація рефлексивної позиції майбутніх учителів початкової школи.

Розкрито сутність організації суб’єкт-суб’єктної взаємодії учасників освітнього процесу в ЗВО, що забезпечує перетворення студентів з пасивних споживачів знань на активних їх здобувачів, дослідників, співучасників. Це є особливо цінним для їх підготовки до реалізації Концепції Нової української школи, де пріоритетною визначено педагогіку партнерства.

У роботі проаналізовано ефективність орієнтації викладача на впровадження технології контекстного навчання в формуванні досвіду професійних дій моделювання уроку майбутніх учителів початкової школи, використання активних методів навчання, заснованих на принципах проблемності, а саме лекцій контекстного типу (лекція-діалог контекстного типу, лекція-прес-конференція контекстного типу тощо). інтерактивних методів навчання.

Також розглянуто умову активізації рефлексивної позиції студентів, що забезпечує оволодіння ними навичками конструктивного аналізу якості реалізації власних педагогічних задумів і спрямовує на постійне самовдосконалення.
FORMING IMPORTANT COMPETENCES OF ENGLISH TEACHERS IN THE PROCESS OF THEIR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors: Paziura Nataliya
Published: December 2019

The article presents the results of the analysis of the peculiarities in English teacher training, ensuring highly professional activity of teachers. The purpose and tasks of the study are to characterize the features of the practical formation of important competences of future teachers of the English language in the process of their professional training on a distinguished theoretical basis. Methodology of the study included descriptive methods (research, analysis and description of documents, scientific and educational sources) and a comparative method (identification of general and individual pedagogical patterns). Especially urgent is the question of the updating the contents of education in higher educational institutions according to the principles of personality-oriented approach targeted at development of teachers’ personality, their common and professional competence. It is directed at revealing progressive ideas in teachers’ professional development. Special attention is paid to the strengthening practical component in curriculum in the process acquirement of theoretical and practical knowledge and skills. The author has shown the necessary competences of a teacher of English: special, methodical, managerial, communicative, creative. The author concluded that it is necessary to study the peculiarities of teaching English in order to increase the effectiveness of training future teachers for professional activities.
De árboles y hombres
Authors: Eckholm Erik
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Sostenibilidad: Una visión reformista
Authors: López B. Rodrigo
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Contaminación del aire en oficinas, hospitales y restaurantes de Costa Rica
Authors: Alfaro María Del Rosario , Rodríguez José J.
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Plan de manejo de las lagunas del río Cañas (Guanacaste, Costa Rica)
Authors: Bravo Chacón Juan , Sánchez V. Ana Julia
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Expectativas y problemas del cultivo de camarón en Centroamérica
Authors: R. Bort John , L. Ovares Luis , C. Stonich Susan
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Reproducción en estiérol de la lombriz de tierra y efectos del lombricompost sobre el maíz
Authors: Hernández Danilo , Montes de Oca Paulina , Villalobos Cecilia
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Clasificación de los suelos de la Finca Experimental Santa Lucía
Authors: Montes de Oca Paulina , Mata Rafael A.
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Plaguicidas: problemática y opciones de solución
Authors: García G. Jaime E.
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Contaminación por desechos del cauce del río Cañas
Authors: Bravo Chacón Juan
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Utilización de plaguicidas e insecticidas
Authors: Karunairajan Richards D.
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Regeneración del roble (Quercus sp.) en los bosques de altura de Costa Rica
Authors: Jiménez Martín Wilberth
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Los pies de barro de ECODES
Authors: Mora Castellanos Eduardo
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Tablas de crecimiento preliminares de Gmelina arborea Roxb. Aplicables al Pacífico seco, Costa Rica
Authors: Mena Arias Sergio
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Efectos de la acidificación sobre la vegetación
Authors: Alfaro María Del Rosario
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Terminalis ivorensis A. Chev.: Una revisión bibliográfica y evaluación de una plantación en el norte húmedo de Costa Rica
Authors: Chaves S. Eladio , Rodríguez Johnny , González Eugenio
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
El biologismo: ¿Ciencias ambiental o moral ecológica sustituta?
Authors: Romero Sepúlveda Rodia
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Los incentivos a la reforestación en Costa Rica
Authors: Alfaro M. Marielos
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Determination of diosmetin-7-o-β-d-glucoside in rat plasma by UPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Li Jianbo , Yu Zheng , Han Cheng , Wang Zhening , Hu Yujie , Wen Congcong , Lin Chongliang
Published: December 2019

In this study, we used UPLC–MS/MS to determine diosmetin-7-o-β-d-glucoside in rat plasma and investigated its pharmacokinetics in rats. Six rats were given diosmetin-7-o-β-d-glucoside (5 mg/kg) by intravenous (i.v.) administration. The blood (150 μL) was withdrawn from the caudal vein after administration. Diazepam was used as an internal standard (IS), and a one-step acetonitrile precipitation method was used to process the plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a UPLC BEH C18 column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile–0.1% formic acid with gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with positive ionization was applied, 463.1 → 301.0 for diosmetin-7-o-β-d-glucoside,m/z285.1 → 193.0 for diazepam (IS). Intra-day and inter-day precision of diosmetin-7-o-β-d-glucoside in rat plasma were less than 14%. The method was successfully applied in the pharmacokinetics of diosmetin-7-o-β-d-glucoside in rats after intravenous administration. Thet1/2of diosmetin-7-o-β-d-glucoside is 1.4 ± 0.4 h, which indicates the quick elimination.
New records of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera) from Colombia
Authors: Martínez-Chávez Laura Marcela , Duque-Gamboa Diana Nataly , Toro-Perea Nelson
Published: December 2019

Aphid parasitoids have been recorded in many countries around the globe, however records in Colombia are few. Here, five primary parasitoids species, Aphidius platensis Brèthes, 1913, Aphidius funebris Mackauer, 1961, Aphidius matricariae Haliday, 1834, Aphelinus varipes (Förster, 1841), Aphelinus paramali Zehavi & Rosen, 1989, and two hyperparasitoids species, Syrphophagus aphidivorus (Mayr, 1876) and Pachyneuron aphidis (Bouché, 1834) are newly recorded in Colombia. Two other primary parasitoids, Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson, 1880) and Aphidius colemani Viereck, 1912 are newly recorded from the department of Valle del Cauca. 
Pauwke Berkers and Julian Schaap. 2018. 'Gender Inequality in Metal Music Production'
Authors: Hoad Catherine
Published: December 2019

Pauwke Berkers and Julian Schaap. 2018. Gender Inequality in Metal Music Production. London: Emerald Books. ISBN 978-1-78714-675-4 (pbk). 176 pp.
O conceito de justiça ambiental nas dissertações e teses brasileiras em educação ambiental: um estudo panorâmico e de contextos de produção
Authors: Angeli Thaís , De Carvalho Luiz Marcelo
Published: December 2019

Neste artigo, procuramos sistematizar alguns dados relativos ao contexto de produção de dissertações e teses brasileiras de educação ambiental que problematizam questões relativas à justiça ambiental, bem como analisar os contextos educacionais e temas de estudo privilegiados nesses trabalhos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, documental e do tipo “estado da arte”, que está inserida no âmbito do Projeto Educação Ambiental no Brasil: análise da produção acadêmica - teses e dissertações (Projeto EArte). Nessa direção, foi possível observar que o primeiro trabalho de EA que problematiza o conceito de justiça ambiental foi publicado no ano de 2004 e que, nessa produção acadêmica que estabelece relações entre educação ambiental e justiça ambiental, ganham destaque as regiões Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste e os programas de pós-graduação da área de Educação da UFMT, UFRJ e Furg. Também se observou que as pesquisas analisadas se voltam para o contexto escolar e não escolar, tendo como objetivo central a busca por uma formação voltada à transformação social e justiça ambiental.
Determinantes sociais de saúde e óbito por câncer oral em uma unidade de alta complexidade em oncologia de um município da Bahia
Authors: Amorim Marília de Matos , Lisboa Lidiane de Jesus , Conceição Sarah dos Santos , De Almeida Tatiana Frederico de Almeida , Freitas Valéria Souza
Published: December 2019

INTRODUÇÃO: Os determinantes sociais podem refletir na ocorrência, prognóstico e mortalidade do câncer oral. OBJETIVO: Analisar as principais características sociodemográficas e hábitos de vida, assim como a relação com o óbito por câncer oral em uma Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia no município de Feira de Santana, Bahia, no período de 2010 a 2016. MÉTODOS E MATERIAIS: Estudo transversal realizado através da revisão de prontuários clínicos, seguida de uma análise descritiva das principais variáveis e análise bivariada entre as covariáveis consideradas determinantes sociais e o óbito pela doença. Todas as análises foram realizadas com o programa SPSS 22 e Stata 14.0. RESULTADOS: Foram diagnosticados 282 casos de carcinomas de células escamosas, na maioria em idosos (87,6%), do sexo masculino (79,6%), de origem urbana, que residiam em municípios de grande e médio porte, negros e pardos, casados, com baixa escolaridade, com ocupação, tabagistas (89,6%) e etilistas (85,0%). As lesões estavam localizadas principalmente na região de língua (37,9%), eram moderadamente diferenciadas (48,9%), diagnosticados em estádios avançados (III e IV) (84,7%), tratados em sua maioria com quimioterapia e radioterapia (34,3%) e 35,7% dos casos foram a óbito.  A variável raça/cor apresentou significância estatística com o óbito pela doença (p = 0,006).  CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente estudo revelaram que dentre as covariáveis sociodemográficas e de hábitos de vida a raça/cor apresentou significância com relação ao óbito, indicando um pior prognóstico relacionado a pacientes negros e pardos.
Tissue Preparation for CLARITY v1
Authors: Currlin Seth , Jorgensen Marda , Nick Jerelyn
Published: December 2019

Tissue preparation for CLARITY includes fixation in 4% PFA, infusion with monomers in Hydrogel Solution, and clearing of lipids in Electrophoretic Tissue Clearing Solution.
HuBMAP Tissue Sectioning for FFPE Specimens v1
Authors: Propper Leigh , Jorgensen Marda
Published: December 2019

This method details our microtomy (sectioning) process for reasearch specimens involved with HuBMAP. This process follows the microtomy process that follows after receiving, processing, and embedding of research specimens into formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue blocks.
Immunofluorescent Staining of Foxp3 in Frozen Sections v3
Authors: Li Sam
Published: December 2019

T regulatory cells (also known as Tregs or Regulatory T cells) are essential cells in the immune system that suppress immune responses of other cells, designed to limit excessive reactions and prevent autoimmunity. Tregs are characterized by the expression of CD4, CD25, and FOXP3, while lacking CD127. CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells have been referred to as "naturally-occurring" regulatory T cells to distinguish them from "suppressor" T cell populations that are generated in vitro. While other variants of suppressive T cells do exist, such as CD8 suppressor cells, Th3 and Tr-1 cells, Tregs are classically defined as CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ cells. Here, we provide a protocol for immunofluorescent staining of FOXP3 in frozen sections, adapted from a protocol from Dr. Matthias Hardtke-Wolenski, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover. This protocol has been successfully used on mouse spleen, liver, and skin sections.
crítico José Veríssimo
Authors: Pereira Marcio Roberto
Published: December 2019

Resumo: Lançada em 1916 e escrita na maior parte da vida literária de José Veríssimo, a História da literatura brasileira: de Bento Teixeira (1602) a Machado de Assis (1908) reúne as diversas atividades do crítico paraense como um intelectual atuante. Com o objetivo de fazer uma reflexão sobre as facetas do crítico e historiador literário, esse artigo analisa seu trabalho de interpretação da nação brasileira por meio da aproximação entre os diversos discursos que compõem a História, em destaque literatura e educação. Ao propor a definição dessas perspectivas, nota-se que a obra final de José Veríssimo possui uma organicidade e um apuramento de seus critérios de análise.
Palavras-chave: José Veríssimo; História da literatura brasileira; crítica literária; educação.
Cartas de Graciliano Ramos
Authors: Schmitz Lygia Barbachan de Albuquerque
Published: December 2019

Resumo: Nesta edição comemorativa de trinta anos do Acervo de Escritores Mineiros (AEM), da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), escolheu-se pensar a questão do arquivo literário a partir da leitura de algumas cartas de/para Graciliano Ramos que, apesar de não ter nascido na terra de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, tem seu espaço nas “Coleções especiais” do referido acervo. Em virtude deste número festivo de O eixo e a roda, portanto, são colocadas em diálogo duas cartas de Graciliano Ramos domiciliadas no AEM – uma escrita a Octavio Dias Leite e outra, a Getúlio Vargas –, juntamente com correspondências adicionais residentes em outros arquivos, a fim de perscrutar o universo literário do autor por meio de sua escrita epistolar. Com este trabalho, verificou-se que as cartas são um espaço privilegiado de reflexão literária do autor de Vidas Secas e que o Arquivo Graciliano Ramos está cada vez mais vivo, à espera de novas leituras, consignações, reciclagem.
Palavras-chave: Graciliano Ramos; cartas; arquivo.
Fatores Nutricionais Aplicados à Reprodução de Ruminantes
Authors: Valentim Jean Kaique , Mendes Janaína Palermo , Przybulinski Bruna Barreto , Serpa Felipe Cardoso , Barbosa Deivid Kelly , Rios Castilho Vivian Aparecida , Pietramale Rita Therezinha Rolim
Published: December 2019

Os animais de produção estão sendo modificados através de um intenso melhoramento genético, buscando intensificar seu desempenho para atender a demanda mundial em quesitos de alimentação. Essa maximização de desempenho demanda um acréscimo nutricional, e este por sua vez pode afetar as funções reprodutivas. Vários estudos mostram que a reprodução pode ser comprometida se as necessidades nutricionais dos animais não forem atendidas. Esta demanda nutricional afeta diretamente a função dos órgãos reprodutivos e o funcionamento do sistema endócrino, podendo interferir na taxa de fertilidade destes animais. A nutrição tem influência na fertilidade, diretamente por meio do fornecimento de nutrientes específicos, que são necessários para os processos de desenvolvimento do folículo, de ovulação, de maturação oocitária, de fertilização, de sobrevivência embrionária e o estabelecimento da gestação e, indiretamente, atuando sobre as concentrações circulantes dos hormônios e outros metabólitos sensíveis aos nutrientes que são requeridos para o sucesso destes processos. O objetivo do presente trabalho é obter uma revisão de literatura atualizada sobre o contexto recente da influência de fatores nutricionais sobre os aspectos reprodutivos de animais ruminantes.  Palavras-chave: Nutrição. Metabolismo. Fertilidade. Ruminantes. AbstractThe farm animals are being modified through an intensive genetic improvement seeking to increase their performance to meet the global demand on power issues. This performance maximization demands an extra nutritional and this in turn  can affect the reproductive functions. Several studies show that the reproduction can be compromised if the animal’s  nutritional needs are met. This nutritional demand directly affects the function of the reproductive organs and the functioning of the endocrine system and may interfere with fertility rate of these animals. Nutrition affects fertility, directly through the provision of specific nutrients that are required for the processes of development of follicle maturation, ovulation, oocyte , fertilization, embryo survival and the establishment of pregnancy; and, indirectly, acting on circulating concentrations of hormones and other metabolites sensitive to nutrients that are required for the success of these processes. The goal of this  work was to obtain an updated literature review with recent studies related to nutritional aspects involved in the  ruminant animals reproduction. Keywords: Nutrition. Metabolism. Fertility. Ruminants.
UNIFORMIDADE DE UM SISTEMA DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO SOB DIFERENTES CONCENTRAÇÕES DE ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA TRATADA POR RADIAÇÃO SOLAR
Authors: Sales M. A. L. , Sánchez-Román R. M.
Published: December 2019

A utilização de água residuária na agricultura é uma alternativa viável para a sustentabilidade ambiental no meio agrícola, no entanto, ainda são necessários diversos estudos sobre a reutilização desta água. Deste modo, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência de água residuária doméstica tratada por radiação solar (ARD-TRS) na uniformidade do sistema de irrigação. O experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Engenharia Rural da FCA/UNESP, Botucatu-SP, no qual adotou o delineamento estatístico casualizado com cinco repetições e cinco tratamentos, 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% de ARD-TRS na lâmina total de irrigação, completando os tratamentos com respectivamente 100, 75, 50, 25 e 0% de água de abastecimento da FCA (AAF). O sistema de irrigação apresentou uma redução nos coeficientes de uniformidade, no entanto, ainda ficaram próximos a 90%, e após a lavagem das mangueiras gotejadoras com solução de cloro livre na concentração de 50 mg L-1, os valores ficaram próximos ao da uniformidade inicial do sistema. Permitindo concluir que, ARD-TRS diminui a uniformidade do sistema de irrigação, porém reversível após a lavagem da fita gotejadora.
INFLUÊNCIA DE TELAS DE SOMBREAMENTO DE DIFERENTES COLORAÇÕES NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA ALFACE AMERICANA
Authors: Rech L. L. , Lopes A. R. , Dotto M. , Giarola C. M. , Pirola K.
Published: December 2019

A utilização das telas coloridas visa uma melhor proteção contra a radiação solar. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes cores nas telas de sombreamento no desenvolvimento da alface americana. O experimento foi conduzido no município de São João, Paraná. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados (DBC) com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições, sendo eles: T1: Testemunha (cultivo a céu aberto), T2: Tela de sombreamento azul, T3: Tela de sombreamento prata, T4: Tela de sombreamento preta, T5: Tela de sombreamento verde e T6: Tela de sombreamento vermelha. O desenvolvimento da alface foi avaliado quanto ao peso da raiz, comprimento da raiz, diâmetro da cabeça, número de folhas, massa fresca e peso da cabeça. A alface sem tela de sombreamento apresentou o melhor desenvolvimento, dentre as telas de sombreamento estudadas a tela vermelha obteve um destaque negativo, sempre com o pior desempenho agronômico.
Problemáticas estructurales para el ejercicio moral de la fe pública. Una reflexión desde la sociología comprensiva
Authors: Ramírez Henao Driver Ferney
Published: December 2019

La contaduría pública tiene una función social que consiste en garantizar credibilidad, confianza y orden al público en general. Esto es posible gracias a la facultad que le entrega el Estado colombiano al profesional contable de poder otorgar fe pública. El ejercicio fedatario imprime en el contador público un rol de mediador y regulador entre el Estado, las empresas y la   ciudadanía. Sin embargo, una publicación reciente de Ámbito Jurídico revela que la conducta más sancionada por el Tribunal Disciplinario de la Contaduría Pública es la conducta contra la fe pública, lo que invita a pensar que algunos profesionales contables, por la búsqueda de sus propios intereses, han transgredido su función social. Con lo anterior en mente, en este artículo se cuestiona: ¿qué problemáticas estructurales están dificultando el ejercicio moral de la fe pública? Para dar respuesta al interrogante se propone observar la fe pública desde el concepto sociológico de acción social, y así plasmar las relaciones presentes entre la fe pública, el Estado, el capitalismo, la administración burocrática-tecnocrática y el individuo. La reflexión final de este trabajo indica que el profesional contable, debido a las transformaciones estructurales de la realidad social actual, está cargando de sentido la acción social de la fe pública atendiendo dos conductas antagónicas, pero validadas por el Estado, como son la moral y el egoísmo.
Positioning Culture within Canadian Municipalities
Authors: Dick Ben , Jeannotte Sharon , Hill Kelly
Published: December 2019

Although sometimes still referred to as ‘creatures of the province’, municipalities in Canada now shape their own policies in a number of complex areas. This includes culture, since municipal cultural planning has broadened the municipal role. While municipalities still provide ‘cultural services’, such as arts centres and museums, cultural planning involves a more strategic role for the municipality in supporting the development of the local cultural sector, while integrating culture across many areas of municipal decision-making. The literature on organizational theory and design suggests that for municipal cultural planning to achieve these objectives, municipalities should adopt an organizational structure that supports this role. The Culture Position Study was initiated to better understand the different ways in which culture is currently situated within municipal organizational structures, and how these structures are evolving.
Factors associated with facial nerve palsy in patients undergoing superficial parotidectomy for pleiomorphic adenoma: our experience of eight and half years
Authors: Kalwaniya Dheer S. , Chowdegowda Goutam Kothathi , Raj Monish , Bajwa Jaspreet S. , Arya Satya V. , Mahadevan Ranjith , Choudhary Rohit , Kumar Ashok , Singla Nipun
Published: December 2019

Background: The pleomorphic adenoma comprises 45-60% of all salivary gland tumors most often in parotid gland up to 80%. The association between the facial nerve and the gland is responsible for most of the technical difficulties and complications of the surgical approaches.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study performed in a unit of General Surgery, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi from May 2011 to October 2019 of all patients who underwent superficial parotidectomy for pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland. The data was tabulated and results made using SPSS 21.0 system.  

Results: Male:female ratios are 29:33. Average age was 47.1 years (31-61). Average duration of disease was 2.2 years (0.3-5). 4 were operated for recurrence. Facial paresis occurred in 7 out of 62 patients (11.3%), 4 females and 3 males. 11 patients have tumor greater than 4 cm, out of these 11 patients 2 patients had pre-op facial paresis. Out of 51 patients (size <4 cm), 2 suffered facial paresis and out of 11 patients (size >4 cm), 5 suffered same. Out of 59 patients with depth of tumor <2 cm, 4 patients had post-op facial paresis. All the three patients having tumor depth >2 cm suffered post op facial paresis. Patients with pre-op facial nerve paresis had mean duration of tumor 3.35 year (±0.92) while with post-op facial nerve paresis had mean duration of tumor 2.99 year (±1.35).

Conclusions: Meticulous separation of facial nerve from parotid tissue is key to preservation of the facial nerve. But factors like size of tumor, depth of invasion, previous surgery do affect the outcome in parotid surgery.
Pengaruh Interpersonal Needs dan Simtom Depresi Terhadap Ide Bunuh Diri
Authors: Hariyono Tri
Published: December 2019

This study aimed at determining the effect of interpersonal needs and symptoms of depression on the idea of suicide in the community of Gunungkidul Regency. For statistical calculations, researchers used LISREL 8.70 and SPSS 18.0. The results showed that interpersonal needs and depressive symptom variables had a significant influence on the idea of suicide in Gunungkidul District by contributing 22%. However, seen from the coefficient table, there were only three variables that had a significant influence on the idea of suicide, namely the dimensions of cognitive depression symptoms, gender and smoking behavior with p-value 0.05. Whereas the variable perceived burdensomeness, including belongingness, cognitive depression symptoms, motivational depression symptoms, physical depression symptoms, education level and alcohol consumption behavior did not significantly influence suicidal ideation.Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interpersonal needs dan simtom depresi terhadap ide bunuh diri masyarakat Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Untuk penghitungan statistik, peneliti menggunakan LISREL 8.70 serta SPSS 18.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel interpersonal needs dan simtom depresi memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap ide bunuh diri masyarakat Kabupaten Gunungkidul dengan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 22%. Namun dilihat dari tabel koefisien, hanya terdapat tiga variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhaddap ide bunuh diri, yaitu dimensi simtom depresi kognitif, jenis kelamin dan perilaku merokok dengan p-value0.05. sedangkan variabel perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, simtom depresi kognittif, simtom depresi motivasional, simtom depresi fisik, tingkat pendidikan serta perilaku mengkonsumsi alkohol tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap ide bunuh diri.
Karakteristik Psikometris Skala Komitmen Organisasi Allen & Meyer Pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS)
Authors: Pritanadira Anindya
Published: December 2019

This study aimed at determining the psychometric characteristics of the scale of organizational commitment that was applied to civil servants (PNS) RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro. The preliminary survey stage was carried out by the researcher to create a new behavioral indicator based on the survey results. The SME phase was conducted by researchers to test the validity of the relevance of the item to the behavioral indicators and their dimensions. After conducting an SME analysis, the researchers conducted a field trial. At the time of SME, none of the 72 items had fallen due to Aiken's V 0.5. After the item selection was carried out with three stages, the remaining items were 31. The item reliability score at the end of the item selection was 0, 942 (r 0, 80) so that it could still be used for the advanced data analysis stage.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik psikometris skala komitmen organisasi yang diterapkan pada pegawai negeri sipil (PNS) RSUP dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro. Tahap survei pendahuluan dilakukan oleh peneliti untuk membuat indikator perilaku baru berdasarkan hasil survei. Tahap SME dilakukan peneliti untuk menguji validitas berupa relevansi aitem dengan indikator perilaku dan dimensinya. Setelah melakukan analisis SME, peneliti melakukan uji coba lapangan. Pada saat SME, tidak ada satu pun dari 72 aitem yang gugur karena skor Aiken’s V0,5. Setelah dilakukan seleksi aitem dengan tiga tahap, aitem yang tersisa berjumlah 31. Skor reliabilitas aitem pada saat seleksi aitem tahap akhir adalah 0, 942 (r0, 80) sehingga masih tetap dapat digunakan untuk tahap analisis data lanjutan.
Model Komunikasi Pendidikan Seksualitas Orang Tua Pada Remaja
Authors: Lestari Widayati
Published: December 2019

This study aimed at describing how the communication model of parental sexuality in adolescents. The method used was qualitative in the form of case studies. The results of this study explained that (1) Parental understanding of sexuality includes biological and physical, psychological, cultural and moral dimensions as well as social dimensions. (2) Sexuality education materials included gender differences, social ethics, responsibilities, and sexuality. (3) Parental communication models in sexuality education could be carried out without special time, by utilizing momentum, so that intimacy was established. (5) The child's response to parental communication style was positive when the atmosphere was conducive, and vice versa.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana model komunikasi seksualitas orangtua pada remaja. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dalam bentuk studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa (1) Pemahaman orang tua terhadap terhadap seksualitas meliputi dimensi biologis dan fisik, psikologis, kultural dan moral serta dimensi sosial. (2) Materi pendidikan seksualitas meliputi perbedaan gender, etika pergaulan, tanggung jawab, dan penyakit seksualitas. (3) Model komunikasi orang tua dalam pendidikan seksualitas dapat dilakukan dengan tanpa ada waktu khusus, dengan memanfaatkan momentum, sehingga terjalin keakraban. (5) Respon anak terhadap gaya komunikasi orangtua adalah positif saat suasana kondusif, dan sebaliknya.
Structure and functions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme.
Authors: Mezyk Renata , Bzowska Monika , Bereta Joanna
Published: December 2019

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) is the first described and best characterized secretase. In this review the structure and the possible roles for TACE are summarized. The substrate specificity and the regulation of TACE activity as well as redundancy and possible cooperations of distinct secretases are also discussed.
Mechanism of peroxynitrite interaction with cytochrome c.
Authors: Gebicka Lidia , Didik Joanna
Published: December 2019

Kinetics of the reaction of peroxynitrite with ferric cytochrome c in the absence and presence of bicarbonate was studied. It was found that the heme iron in ferric cytochrome c does not react directly with peroxynitrite. The rates of the absorbance changes in the Soret region of cytochrome c spectrum caused by peroxynitrite or peroxynitrite/bicarbonate were the same as the rate of spontaneous isomerization of peroxynitrite or as the rate of the reaction of peroxynitrite with bicarbonate, respectively. This means that intermediate products of peroxynitrite decomposition, (.)OH/(.)NO(2) or, in the presence of bicarbonate, CO(3)(-)(.)/(.)NO(2), are the species responsible for the absorbance changes in the Soret band of cytochrome c. Modifications of the heme center of cytochrome c by radiolytically produced radicals, (.)OH, (.)NO(2) or CO(3)(-)(.), were also studied. The absorbance changes in the Soret band caused by radiolytically produced (.)OH or CO(3)(-)(.) were much more significant that those observed after peroxynitrite treatment, compared under similar concentrations of radicals. (.)NO(2) produced radiolytically did not interact with the heme center of cytochrome c. Cytochrome c exhibited an increased peroxidase-like activity after reaction with peroxynitrite as well as with radiolytically produced (.)OH, (.)NO(2) or CO(3)(-)(.) radicals. This means that modification of protein structure: oxidation of amino acids and/or tyrosine nitration, facilitates reaction of H(2)O(2) with the heme iron of cytochrome c, followed by reaction with the second substrate.
Construction of a bicistronic proangiogenic expression vector and its application in experimental angiogenesis in vivo.
Authors: Małecki Maciej , Przybyszewska Małgorzata , Janik Przemysław
Published: December 2019

Manipulation of angiogenesis in vivo is an example of successful gene therapy strategies. Overexpression of angiogenic genes like VEGF, FGF or PDGF causes new vessel formation and improves the clinical state of patients. Gene therapy is a very promising procedure but requires large amounts of pharmaceutical-grade plasmid DNA. In this regard we have constructed a bicistronic plasmid DNA vector encoding two proangiogenic factors, VEGF165 and FGF-2. The construct (pVIF) contains the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of the encephalomyocarditis virus (ECMV) which permits both genes to be translated from a single bicistronic mRNA. The IRES sequence allows for a high efficiency of gene expression in vivo. The pVIF vector was characterized in vitro and in vivo. In vivo angiogenesis studies showed that the bicistronic vector encoding two proangiogenic factors induces the formation of new vessels significantly more than pVEGF165 or pFGF-2 alone. In our opinion the combined proangiogenic approach with VEGF165 and FGF-2 is more powerful and efficient than single gene therapy. We also postulate that IRES sequence can serve as a useful device improving efficiency of gene therapy.
Reconciliation between the Islamic Human Rights and International Law: Prospects and Complications
Authors: Karamzadeh Siamak , Alizadeh Massoud
Published: December 2019

The relationship between International Human Rights and Islamic Law has been always an arguable debate at the international level. This issue can be considered by jurists in two aspects. First, from National Law perspective, especially in the countries in which the law, to some extent is affected by Islamic rules. Second, by view of International Law to see that to what extent, there would be compatibility or likely contradiction between human rights norms and Islamic Law.Considering the historical aspect of the issue, this article is suggesting that although from the outset, International Law tried to separate religion from policy, but this historical fact would not prevent theoretical conciliation between religion and Human Rights rules. The review of the content of International Human Rights Law reveals that the rules in the systems in most part are compatible. However, in some cases the incompatibility between these two group pf rules is observed. The existence of different basis under Islamic Law and International Law makes the least difference unavoidable. The constant dialogue between Islamic scholars and publicists can decrease this difference in future.