bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SS03-04 ARCTIC CO-OPERATION FOR DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK OF ACTIVITIES FOR MANAGING THERMAL STRAIN AT OUTDOOR WORKPLACES IN A CHANGING CLIMATE
Authors: Ikäheimo Tiina , Höper Anje , Wahlström Jens , Pettersson Hans , Stjernbrandt Albin , Liljelind Ingrid , Rissanen Sirkka , Jussila Kirsi , Teperi Anna-Maria
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Climate change is accelerated in the Arctic and extreme weather increases the risk of thermal strain (cold, heat) impairing occupational health and safety (OHS) of outdoor workers. This calls for adaptative measures of various industries and workplaces to support sustainable work. The UArctic network of OHS experts from Norway, Sweden and Finland aims to develop a holistic framework for managing thermal strain of Arctic outdoor work.

Methods

A research project is planned for collecting evidence-based knowledge about the experienced thermal strain, implemented solutions and needs for managing thermal strain of Arctic workplaces considering the changing climate. The data collection includes both quantitative and qualitative data. A needs-based selection of customized solutions for managing cold or heat strain is developed. In addition, a framework for supportive training and information material is planned.

Results

A holistic model is developed where the assessment of the current thermal strain and needs of workplaces is conducted at various organizational levels and considering human factors (HF) related to safety. The management of heat or cold strain addresses different climate-related hazards of various industries and occupations including organizational and technical measures. In addition, a framework to increase awareness (training, information material) for managing thermal strain at the level of employees, employers and OHS personnel is developed.

Discussion

The planned activities help increasing preparedness of Arctic workplaces for managing climate-related effects.

Conclusion

The produced holistic model for managing thermal strain in Arctic outdoor occupations contributes to improved OHS in the changing climate.
SS04 INTEGRATION OF A PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH PREVENTION PROGRAMME IN BUSINESS: FROM THEORY TO REAL COMMITMENT
Authors: Campbell Mathieu
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The increasing incidence of work-related psychological disorders, acknowledged and compensated, is raising concerns within both professional environments and governmental bodies. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) responders appear to be at higher risk of developing trauma-related mental health problems (Berger et al., 2012; Carleton et al., 2019). Concerned about its front-line employees and aware of the challenges they face on a daily basis, Urgences-santé created a workplace mental-health program in 2017, based on best practices such as peer support programs and Psychological First Aid.

Methods

This program includes multiple components that serve to quickly identify employees at risk for psychological distress and, if necessary, offer support as well as referral to appropriate and specialized resources. This program was assessed through a third-party empirical evaluation in combination with structured internal evaluation.

Discussion

The evidence suggests that the deployment of psychological first aid by peer helpers was a beneficial strategy for EMS responder. Perceived impacts on peer helpers and recipients, in addition to other factors, were associated with strong program adherence (Tessier et al., 2021). We also observed that, following a few years of implementation, the severity of absences linked to PTSD was reduced by 15%.

Conclusion

Based on these results, the integration of a psychological health prevention program in business works in practice. A real commitment from organisations and workers can have significant positive impacts on organizational performance, and workers well-being and satisfaction.
SS04-01 INTEGRATION OF A PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH PREVENTION PROGRAMME IN BUSINESS: FROM THEORY TO REAL COMMITMENT - PANEL OF EXPERTS
Authors: Champagne Marie-Ève
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The world of work is undergoing transformation, and the discussions surrounding it are evolving accordingly. Consequently, the escalating challenges regarding psychological health in the workplace are concerning both business environments and governmental entities alike. Preventive measures are now imperative, including the identification of risks and the implementing of meaningful actions aimed at exerting genuine influence within the workplace environment.

Methodology

INSPQ - Psychosocial risk identification, supplemented by a comprehensive analysis of the measures in place to promote the psychological and overall health of workers.

Results

a) Workplace environments have specific characteristics that give rise to job-specific risk factors. b) These risk factors contribute to the emergence of psychological and physical health impairments, resulting in various adverse effects and direct as well as indirect costs for workplaces. c) Primary prevention is to be prioritized at all levels for maximum effectiveness. d) Mere identification alone does not yield sustainable results. Complementary actions must be implemented to make the process a success.

Discussion

Success conditions must be established prior to any OHS initiative. Psychological health is no exception. To build, it is necessary to define: Establishing top management commitment, Defining the destination, Determining the costs of prevention and non-prevention, Developing an action plan, Clarifying the roles and responsibilities of each individual.

Conclusion

It is challenging to take action without first painting a realistic picture of the on the-ground reality experienced by workers. However, the success of the process stems from upstream conditions and meticulous preparation.
SS05-03 COVID-19 AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH: PROTECTING WORKERS AND ENSURING WORKPLACE SAFETY FOR HAIRDRESSERS
Authors: Nienhaus Albert
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Service workers, especially those having close contact with their clients, had an increased risk of infection during the pandemic. Therefore, protection measures were mandated to mitigate infection risk in hair parlours in Germany. In an observational study, we assessed how well these regulations were implemented. In addition, we assessed the number of COVID-19 cases occurring in hairdressers and compared the number to those in other health and welfare workers.

Materials and Methods

Using a standardized questionnaire, 162 hair parlours were secretly observed by instructed customers. In addition, OSH specialists assessed the IPC measures. The number of COVID-19 related occupational diseases was assessed in the standardized data system of the responsible compensation board (BGW). The rate of COVID-19 cases per 100 fulltime workers (FTW) was calculated.

Results

The pandemic specific IPC measures were implemented in 98% of the parlours observed secretly. In 92% of the visited parlours, the OSH estimated that the majority of the IPC measures were in place. Of 200,505 COVID-19 cases accepted as an occupational disease (OD), 167 (0.08%) occurred in hairdressers. On average, there were 3.9 ODs per 100 FTW. For hairdressers, the number was 0.1. The highest rates concerned workers in hospitals (7.0), in nursing homes (6.5), or in childcare (6.8).

Conclusions

Seemingly, the specific IPC measures in hair parlours protected the workers during the pandemic. They helped to mitigate infection risk in close contact situations.
SS06 EFFECTIVE DELIVERY OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES: PROMOTING SAFETY AND HEALTH AS A UNIVERSAL FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT AT WORK
Authors: Jain Aditya , Shah Divyang
Published: July 2024

High occupational safety and health (OSH) standards are of paramount importance for the Future of Work, and for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While many countries have drawn up policies, strategies and programmes for occupational health (OH) service delivery, there are gaps in implementation, capacity, and coverage. These gaps mean that we still lag behind the goal of Universal Occupational Health Coverage through at least basic service provision.

Obtaining a comprehensive understanding of similarities and variations in the context, systems, structure, coverage and capacity of OSH services will highlight key development needs internationally and help in addressing some of these gaps.

This session therefore explores the scope, reach and effectiveness of OH service delivery in order to: (i) understand the influence of country economic status (e.g., HICs vs LMICs), national policy, laws and regulations (e.g., ratification of ILO conventions), organization size (e.g., large, medium, small and/or micro), models of work (e.g., formal and informal) and occupational sector; and (ii) identify the facilitators and barriers that influence OH service delivery and establish how this knowledge could be used to improve and promote access to OH services and promote OH as a universal fundamental right at work.

The four presentations in this session will discuss the implications of the International Labour Organization’s (ILO) landmark decision on occupational health services, present examples of good practice to promote OH services in countries from different regions of the world, and provide insight into current and future approaches to OH service delivery.
SS07-01 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS IN THE OCCUPATIONAL SETTING – IMPACT OF COVID-19
Authors: Schunder-Tatzber Susanne
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Emergency preparedness in organisations and companies was not seen as an important task for management, HSSE leader and occupational doctors as well. This perception changed during and after the COVID-19 pandemic as organisations understood the need to have proper preparedness, tools and protocols for various events and disasters.

Materials and Methods

This presentation covers the main results of a survey on the key findings during the crisis, and an overview on the main tools and protocols.

Results

A significant change of perception and communication could be observed.

Conclusion

The pandemic crisis changed the perception of the value of emergency preparedness in organisations and led to new protocols.
SS07-03 EXAMPLE OF EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS WITH THE COHORTS OF “HEROS” IN CONSTANCES: "SOIGNANCES" FOR HEALTHCARE WORKERS, "COHERANCES" FOR SAFETY AND SECURITY WORKERS
Authors: Descatha Alexis , Gilbert Fabien , Zins Marie , Goldberg Marcel , Temime Laura , Pourret Didier , Fuentes Sabrina , Mayet Aurelie , Geraut Laurent , Roquelaure Yves , Fadel Marc
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In the context of the recent crisis, the primordial role of healthcare and safety professionals (firefighters, police officers, military) has been highlighted as a key for emergency preparedness. The objective is to present a description of the implementation of cohorts specific to these professionals in CONSTANCES, "Soignances" for health professionals and "Coherances" for safety and security workers.

Methods

The CONSTANCES cohort is a "generalist" epidemiological cohort consisting of a sample of 220 000 adults aged 18 to 69 years at inclusion, who volunteered to be included in Social Security health examination centers. Using job history questionnaires at inclusion from CONSTANCES, the “Soignances” cohort, which includes healthcare professionals, and the “Coherances” cohort, which includes external security of the country (military), internal security (police), firefighting (firefighters) and other security professionals, were identified.

Results

“Soignances” represents 12.1% of the CONSTANCES workforce, while there are far fewer participants in “Coherances”, with 231 firefighters, 242 homeland security, other law enforcement (n=497), and almost no military personnel (n=9). Younger age and job quantity characterize these cohorts with differences in risk at the workplace.

Conclusion

It was possible to construct two cohorts: “Soignances” and “Coherances”, and to allow a rapid description. Despite certain limitations, perspectives are planned concerning the description of the health status and the exposome as well as the creation of specific job-exposure matrices for workers. Such examples illustrated cohorts of emergency personnel are keystones for organisations.
SS08-01 INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE MERCURY USE AND POISONINGS AMONG SMALL-SCALE MINERS: PRACTICAL EXAMPLES FROM BOLIVIA AND OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD
Authors: Jørs Erik , Huici Omar , Smith Margrethe , Kuylenstierne Chris
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Mercury pollution from small-scale mining is a global problem affecting not only miners’ health but also the health of people living close by or even far from the mining sites. Several methods are applied to reduce mercury use e.g. by banning and substitution. In Bolivia, prevention of poisoning is promoted not only by introducing mercury-free gold mining techniques, but also by strengthening leadership and organisational training, and training in alternative income generating activities like pesticide-free agriculture. Changes in society are hard to achieve by only focusing on technical solutions.

Materials and Methods

Data gathered among miners during the last four years by interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires are analysed and presented using sound statistical and analytical methods.

Results

The results from the last three years of intervention in Bolivia among male miners and the actual status of the intervention among female miners and children are presented. In addition, experiences from other parts of the world with the introduction of mercury-free gold mining and effect on health are discussed and compared with the results from Bolivia.

Conclusions

The preliminary results show an economically sound outcome by introducing mercury-free gold mining techniques, but low sustainability if miners do not take ownership of the process or are not well organized in their miners’ societies. Therefore, changing habits takes more than only introducing technical solutions.
SS09-03 BUILDING GLOBAL CONSENSUS FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OH&S) MANAGEMENT THROUGH ISO STANDARDIZATION - PART 3
Authors: El Kholti Abdeljalil
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The development of the ISO 45000 family of standards involves a collaborative effort by experts and stakeholders from around the world. The input of experts from various backgrounds, including occupational physicians, is valuable in its development. Encouraging effective engagement, participation, and leadership from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has required a tailored and culturally sensitive approach.

Materials and Methods

This part of the session will describe the importance of the standards development process, which involves a rigorous and inclusive approach that includes input from various stakeholders, experts, and organizations from around the world. While ISO standards are developed by technical committees and working groups, the participation of members from LMICs is crucial to ensuring that the standards are effective and relevant on a global scale.

Results

This part of the session will explain the contribution of an occupational physician from an LMIC in the development of the ISO 45000 family, specifically in the context of engagement, participation, and leadership. Steps to develop these aspects successfully include: understanding local context and culture, community involvement, partnerships with local organizations, worker involvement programs, diversity and inclusion into leadership positions (Member of GAC, Regional representative, Chair of WG…), and translation of key OH&S documentation into local languages.

Conclusion

By tailoring engagement, participation, and leadership strategies to the specific context of LMICs and integrating them effectively with the ISO 45000 family of standards, organizations can significantly enhance their OH&S management systems and create a safer, healthier, and more inclusive workplace.
SS10 PREVENTION OF EXPOSURE TO RADIATION RISKS: CURRENT UPDATES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR WORKERS' HEALTH
Authors: Modenese Alberto
Published: July 2024

Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation exposure at work represent relevant physical occupational risks. The risk varies according to the types and sources of radiation and their intensity. Changes in work organization and the introduction of new technologies may increase the risk related to radiation exposure. Moreover, special attention has to be devoted to workers with conditions of particular susceptibility.

The identification of the main adverse health effects relevant for the prevention of the occupational risk related to radiation exposure is fundamental for an appropriate prevention, including adequate workers’ health surveillance programs. Accordingly, the aim of this session is to present an overview of the main exposure scenarios and health effects of concern for occupational radiation exposure, with a focus on available indications for workers’ health surveillance.
SS10-02 HEALTH SURVEILLANCE OF RADIATION WORKERS AND COMPENSATION PROGRAMMES
Authors: Niu Shengli
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Exposure to ionizing radiation occurs in many occupations. Radiation protection is part of the ILO’s action on the protection of workers against sickness, disease and injury arising out of employment, as mandated by the Organization’s Constitution. The ILO has developed a number of instruments to protect workers against exposure to radiation. The ILO Radiation Protection Convention, 1960 (No. 115) requires that all workers directly engaged in radiation work shall undergo an appropriate medical examination prior to or shortly after taking up such work, and subsequently undergo further medical examinations at appropriate intervals. The ILO Technical and Ethical Guidelines for workers' health surveillance provide basic requirements for the surveillance of workers' health which can be used in the development of legislation, regulations, collective agreements, work rules, policies and practical measures at enterprise level on workers' health surveillance. Diseases caused by ionizing radiation are included in the ILO list of occupational diseases. The ILO Employment Injury Benefits Convention, 1964 (No. 121), and its accompanying Recommendation, No. 121, set standards on the levels of benefits to be provided for injured or diseased workers due to their occupational exposure to radiation.

Materials and Methods

Description of the ILO means, tools and activities on health surveillance of radiation workers and compensation programmes.

Results

The ILO instruments have been widely used and applied by member states and contributed to the worldwide improvements in workers’ health surveillance and compensation.

Conclusions

The ILO instruments provide a solid framework for national policy and programmes on the protection of workers against exposure to radiation.
SS11 OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE IN AFRICA
Authors: Cloeren Marianne
Published: July 2024

There is a global shortage of occupational and environmental medical (OEM) physicians. Many countries, especially LMICs, have no training pathways, certification processes or specialty recognition. Increasing access to OEM education in countries without formal pathways will increase competency in delivering occupational healthcare to workers and increase recognition of the need for formal training and certification pathways where none currently exist.

The paucity of OEM physicians in Africa may likely be related to the lack of training opportunities. There is a need for African countries to develop OEM residency programmes and new methods of training - virtual or hybrid - to meet the needs for certification and re-certification of OEM physicians across Africa. There is a need to assess the current status of OEM education in Africa. Teaching OEM is limited, the situation getting dire in Africa with critical shortage of health workers while increasing numbers of workers are employed in high-hazard industrial jobs.

Diplomas in OEM may be a shortcut for the shortage of OEM practitioners while schools are working on strengthening OEM given that occupational health is increasingly recognized as area of importance in Africa. Limited studies of occupational disease and injury in agriculture, mining, and manufacturing showed high prevalence of work-related diseases among workers and serious impact of workplaces on surrounding populations and environment, in the context of limited or non-existent occupational / environmental regulations. E-learning discussion forum and workplace field visits showed better results for acquisition of OEM knowledge and skills while reading textbooks provided good foundational knowledge.
SS12-03 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CRAFT PRODUCTION SECTOR
Authors: Sekkat Ymane
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Heritage of a glorious Berber, Arab and Jewish multi-civilizational cultural past, art and utility production crafts is also an important part of the economic sector.

Method

Craftsmanship provides a range of very varied products of artistic or utilitarian value. Art production craftsmanship is considered to be any activity which tends to the manufacture of products or the transformation of raw materials into products, and which are distinguished by their original artistic, creative and heritage character, at decorative or aesthetic purposes. Utilitarian production craftsmanship is considered to be any activity which tends to the manufacture of products or the transformation of raw materials into finished or semi-finished products, for utilitarian purposes by taking advantage of its use.

Results

The arts and crafts professions are classified into five groups depending on the product and its basic raw material: wood, metal, earth, leather, textiles. Moroccan crafts contribute to the promotion and enhancement of the country's cultural and artistic heritage as well as to economic development since it produces around 10% of the national GDP, employing around 1.5 million people and ensures the income of almost 1/5th of the population. Moroccan craft exports reached their first billion in 2022, recording an increased rate of 12% compared to 2021, and thus confirming the upward trend.

Conclusion

The government strategy for the development of crafts 2021-2030 aims to create modernized crafts that create value, are competitive and structured. Modernization efforts have been undertaken, however interrelated problems persist and hinder its development, particularly concerning the organization of work and human resources.
SS12-04 CRAFTING THE FUTURE: MOROCCO'S VISION FOR A MODERNIZED AND SUSTAINABLE ARTISANAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Laraqui Hossini Chakib El Houssine
Published: July 2024

Craftsmanship provides a range of very varied products of artistic or utilitarian value. The arts and crafts professions are classified into five groups depending on the product and its basic raw material: wood, metals, earth, leather, textiles. The Ministry of Tourism, Crafts, Social and Solidarity Economy is responsible for supervising and supporting craft professionals. The 2021-2030 craft development strategy aims to create a modernized, value-creating, competitive and structured craft industry. It will be based on four axes: the structuring and support of stakeholders, the modernization of sectors, the development of human resources and the strengthening and optimization of the institutional organization. The development of this strategy was based on a participatory approach including all social partners.

The Craft Chambers: These 12 public establishments of a professional nature are placed under the supervision of the State. They represent craftsmen, craft businesses and cooperatives and are grouped within the Federation of Craft Chambers. La Maison de l'artisan, has the main mission of promotion of craftsmanship, assistance and supervision in commercial prospecting. Its board of directors is chaired by the representative of the Minister responsible for crafts and is made up of several members including five representing ministers (interior, foreign affairs, finance, tourism, cultural affairs), the president of the Federation of Chambers of Crafts and representatives of professional associations.

Conclusion: Improving the quality of life and working conditions of artisans must be a priority. The handicraft is the historical heritage of Morocco must keep its artistic character and its high quality and not fall into industrial products.
SS13 OCCUPATIONAL CANCER: WHAT ARE WE MISSING?
Authors: Sevaratnam Gogillan
Published: July 2024

This lecture series will focus on exploring the various factors that contribute to the development of cancer as a result of occupational exposure, with experts from all over the globe sharing their knowledge on current challenges, as well as looking towards the future on new and emerging issues of cancer-causing agents in the workplace.

The overall goal of these lectures is to increase awareness of the occupational cancer and encourage the development of strategies to prevent and control its occurrence and to increase understanding and awareness.
SS13-04 FUTURE TASK OF OCCUPATIONAL CANCER PREVENTION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Adi Nuri Purwito , Odagiri Yuko , Endarti Dwi , da Lopez Ansgar Paska
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Occupational cancer prevention has been recognized under the specific registry or action plan. There are some actions established in general related with cancer prevention and occupational health prevention. This review is intended to reveal the country data for both and suggests future prevention strategies for occupational cancer in Indonesia.

Materials and Methods

A review in Indonesia’s statute and statistical data was done in period of years 2021 – 2022. The review for cancer data was intended for cancer statistics, the cancer prevention program, risk factors related to cancer, and cancer treatment. The review for occupational health was intended for basic information of occupational health and regulation of radiation and chemical exposure among workers.

Results

In 2020, the top five cancer prevalence among males in Indonesia were lung (cases = 25,943), colorectum (cases = 21,764), liver (cases = 16,412), nasopharynx (cases = 15,427), and prostate (cases – 13,563). Among females these were breast (cases = 65,858), cervix uteri (cases = 36,633), ovary (14,896), colorectum (12,425), and thyroid (9,053). The cancer prevention program included vaccinations for HPV and HBV and screening for breast and cervix uteri. The prevalence of smokers among men was between 47 and 76%. For occupational health, the major industry was manufacturing (20%) and regulations for radiation and chemical exposures were mandated by the Ministry of Manpower decree related to threshold. There is no specific regulation for cancer prevention among workers.

Conclusions

Cancer prevention needs to be mandated by regulation, including for occupational cancer.
SS14-04 ETHICAL AND SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGY: LESSONS FROM NANOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Schulte Paul A , Iavicoli Ivo
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Workers are generally the first people in society to be exposed to the hazards of a new technology because they are involved in research, manufacturing, production, and disposal of technological products. There is a growing consensus that there should be responsible development of a new technology. This was achieved to some extent with nanotechnology. Workers generally were protected from hazardous exposures to engineered nanomaterials. The approach used to protect workers may serve as a model for other technologies. This presentation examines the lessons from nanotechnology risk assessment and management and their application to other emerging technologies.

Materials and Methods

The history of commercial nanotechnology and the potential health and safety hazards was reviewed and efforts for responsible development were evaluated. Previously published work on engineered nanomaterials was adapted and used to frame the concept of responsible development which could be used with emerging technologies.

Results

A generalizable framework to protect workers from the hazards of emerging technologies was derived from the widely recognized responsible development of global efforts to protect workers from the hazards of nanotechnology. The framework includes five criterion actions that involve hazard and exposure assessment, communication with workers, management of risks, and fostering safe development and realization of societal and commercial benefits. Underpinning these actions is the need for strategic and ethical foresight analyses.

Conclusions

The foundation for responsible development of new technologies with regard to worker protection can be identified in lessons from commercial nanotechnology.
SS16 RISK MANAGEMENT RELATED TO EXTERNAL COMPANIES
Authors: Missaoui Khalid
Published: July 2024

More and more contractors are resorting to the intervention of external companies to carry out work or provide services. The employees of these companies are then required to work on complex sites and environments where activities that are unknown to them are carried out, often in the presence of a multitude of other companies and subcontractors. Of course, this multiplicity of actors combined with ignorance of work situations is likely to aggravate existing risks and create new ones.

A group of experts worked on the development of the draft repository. The draft was sent to a few companies to collect their observations and comments. The final document will be sent to the Moroccan Institute of Standardization (IMANOR) which will submit it to a public inquiry with a view to its approval as a normative document.

The output elements of this approach will consist of a national repository to guarantee that subcontracting companies take into consideration the risks generated by their activities and that they have the means of prevention and protection necessary to control these risks.

The main objective of this session is to present the content of said repository, its scope and field of application as well as future stages. This new national repository is a proposed tool allowing external companies to have a common thread and a methodology to identify and control the risks generated by their activities.
SS18-01 TOOLS FOR MANAGING VIOLENCE AND HARASSMENT AT WORK WITH A GENDER APPROACH: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Henriquez Caballero Marcela Paz
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Workplace violence and harassment pose significant challenges to employees' well-being and organizational productivity. While these issues affect individuals of all genders, there is a growing recognition that gender-specific approaches are essential for effectively preventing such incidents. This paper presents an empirical analysis of tools employed to manage workplace violence and harassment through a gender-sensitive lens.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies was conducted to identify tools and strategies specifically designed to address workplace violence and harassment, with an emphasis on gender inclusivity. These tools were analysed based on several key parameters, including policy development, training programs, reporting mechanisms, and support systems.

Results

The analysis revealed a range of tools that organizations have employed to tackle workplace violence and harassment from a gender perspective. Gender-inclusive policies and guidelines were found to be increasingly common. Training programs have been developed to increase awareness and promote respectful workplace behaviours. Robust reporting mechanisms have encouraged more victims to come forward.

Conclusions

This analysis underscores the importance of gender-sensitive tools in managing workplace violence and harassment effectively. They contribute to safer and more equitable workplaces for all employees. While progress has been made, ongoing efforts are necessary to address the complexities of workplace violence and harassment. As organizations continue to evolve their strategies, gender-inclusive approaches must remain a cornerstone in the pursuit of safer, more respectful workplaces.
SS18-03 MENSTRUAL HEALTH AT WORKPLACES AND THEIR EFFECT ON WOMEN’S WELLBEING AT WORK
Authors: Makokha Winnie Rabera
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The World Health Organization, Human Rights Council in 2022 called on stakeholders to frame menstruation as a health issue. It committed to make health facilities, and other workplaces, menstruation responsive. This need became even more urgent at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic where women healthcare workers were required to be in coverall personal protective equipment (PPE) for long hours. Recent anecdotal evidence from the Kenyan media showed a company in the spotlight for harassing women employees on a menstruation related issue. It is against this background that this paper will explore legislation gaps on menstrual health at the workplace in Kenya.

Materials and Methods

A desktop review of legislation and policies on occupational health, public health and employment in areas that support menstrual health was carried out.

Results

The Occupational Health and Safety Act, 2007 highlights workers welfare in Part X but is limited to washing and sitting facilities, drinking water, first aid, accommodation for clothing. The Public Health Act only prescribes the ratio of toilets to the number of persons i.e. 1:25. While the Health Act , 2017 only prescribes on lactation stations and the Environmental Coordination Act (EMCA) only prescribes on waste disposal.

Conclusions

The legislation has glaring gaps in prescribing requirements for menstrual health in workplaces. This poses a challenge in implementation of requirements that are menstruation responsive as envisioned by WHO. Owing to the gaps in legislation with no specified law guiding on menstrual health at the workplace, employers are limited to implement menstruation requirements as they deem fit.
SS19-02 THE FUTURE OF WORK AND OSH – A VIEW FROM INDIA
Authors: Pingle Shyam
Published: July 2024

As per latest estimates, India is home to 1.42 billion (about 17.8% of the global population). Given the young demography of India, it contributes a whopping 25% to the global workforce. India is also one of the fastest growing economies and is currently the fifth-largest economy and expected to become the third-largest global economy by 2030.

While 92% of the Indian work force works in the unorganized sectors (agriculture, cottage industry, home work / services), 8% of the workforce is working in organized sectors (in the enterprises owned by government and the private sector). In 2021, 43.96% of the workforce was working in agriculture, 30.7% in services and 25.34% in the manufacturing sector.

The change has been further accelerated by experiences and actions during COVID-19 and now there is a total revision of the process of globalization with global polarization. Determinants of decent work such as new technologies and new forms of work, demographics, globalization, informal work, migrants, OSH policies, pandemics and climate change will play a major role in shaping the future of work in India. The Ukraine war and Gaza conflict have added further complexities to the world of work.

We need to review the global situation as regards the world of work, discuss the various pillars and determinants of decent work and the OSH aspects, deliberate on the emerging physical and psychosocial risks and challenges, and propose OSH as a holistic life course perspective. The Indian Association of Occupational Health and occupational health physicians need to play a role in developing solutions.
SS19-03 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE GREEN ECONOMY: A PERSPECTIVE FROM THE WHO
Authors: Ivanov Ivan
Published: July 2024

Promoting occupational health is pivotal for achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and shaping an eco-friendly economy. Acknowledging the connections among poverty reduction, health, decent work, universal health coverage, and workforce health for sustainability highlights the importance of nurturing a resilient workforce for a greener future.

In the context of transitioning to a green economy, workers' well-being is paramount. Establishing safe workplaces, reducing hazards, and providing healthcare not only protect workers but also foster a workforce capable of contributing to sustainable and productive progress. Effective labour inspection and occupational health regulations also play a critical role in ensuring adherence to these principles and in turn contribute to attaining the SDGs. Moreover, from a poverty eradication standpoint, a green economy can uplift underserved communities by creating green jobs that offer fair wages, safety, and dignity. These opportunities not only reduce poverty but also enhance overall well-being including worker well-being. Universal health coverage remains crucial in this context. A healthy workforce can effectively drive the shift toward greener industries. By prioritizing employees' well-being, we enhance their ability to innovate and contribute to environmentally conscious sectors.

The intertwining occupational health, green economy principles, and labour inspection to the SDGs aligns poverty alleviation, safe and secure employment, universal health coverage, and ecological sustainability. This approach recognizes that a flourishing future of work relies on the interconnectedness of individual health, economic prosperity, effective regulation, and planet wellbeing.
SS19-04 ILO’S VISION FOR A SUSTAINABLE, SAFE AND HEALTHY FUTURE OF WORK
Authors: Nunes Joaquim
Published: July 2024

As the world grapples with the evolving challenges posed by climate change, the ILO underscores the urgency of integrating environmental sustainability into labour policies to ensure decent work for all, while fostering a resilient workforce and planet.

The ILO envisions a future of work where economic growth harmonizes with social inclusion and ecological balance. This entails promoting green jobs, safe working environments, and equitable opportunities, thereby advancing both the well-being of workers and the sustainability of industries. Mitigating the adverse impacts of climate change requires innovative approaches to occupational health, recognizing that climate-related hazards affect workers across sectors. Decent work principles, such as fair wages, job security, and social protection, remain integral to this discourse along with the cogent of application of an appropriate mix regulatory and guidance measures. The ILO emphasizes the necessity of upholding these principles as the global workforce adapts to climate-induced transformations, safeguarding the rights and dignity of workers while navigating shifts in labour demand.

In conclusion, the connection of occupational health, decent work, sustainability, and climate change, as envisioned by the ILO, necessitates a human-centred, proactive and comprehensive approach. By fostering collaboration between governments, employers, and workers, and by integrating environmental considerations into labour policies, a future of work that ensures the well-being of individuals, promotes economic growth, and mitigates climate risks can be realized.
SS20-01 CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACTS ON THE SAFETY AND HEALTH OF THE GLOBAL WORKFORCE: AN ILO PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Niu Shengli
Published: July 2024

Introduction

A total of 1.2 billion jobs or 40% of the global labour force are at risk because of environmental degradation. The effects are particularly acute for the most vulnerable workers. Recent International Labour Organization (ILO) research shows that between 2000 and 2015, an estimated 23 million working-life years were lost annually as a result of different environment-related disasters caused or exacerbated by human activity. Climate change is impacting the health and safety of workers in various ways. Heat stress increases risks of dehydration and heat stroke. Warmer temperatures can increase the geographic spread of agricultural pests and disease vectors e.g. mosquitoes and ticks. Increased rainfalls create more breeding areas for many vectors and cause natural disasters e.g. floods and landslides. Many of these impacts threaten equally business assets and interrupt business operations.

Materials and Methods

Description of the ILO means, tools and activities on protection of workers against risks due to climate change.

Results

The ILO adopts a new global strategy on occupational safety and health (OSH) and calls on social partners to, e.g.: conduct assessments of OSH risks resulting from climate change; improve, develop and create awareness of OSH standards for technologies; promote international labour standards on OSH; implement effective interventions to address traditional and emerging global OSH challenges, among others.

Conclusion

The ILO mobilizes key stakeholders to promote the ratification and application of international labour standards on OSH and to implement effective interventions at all levels to address traditional and emerging global OSH challenges including those brought about by climate change.
SS20-06 CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE LABOUR FORCE – BUILDING A ROBUST EVIDENCE BASE
Authors: Dasgupta Shouro
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Climate change already has negative effects on the labour force. However, limited evidence is available on the impacts on occupational injuries. Essentially, we do not know how many workers are being harmed by climate change. We will present state-of-art research on the impacts on several labour force and occupational health measures.

Materials and Methods

We use a large collection of micro-survey data aggregated to subnational regions across the world to estimate new, robust global and regional temperature and wet-bulb globe temperature exposure-response functions for labour supply and occupational injuries. We then estimate the effect of future climate change under 1.5°C, 2.0°C, and 3.0°C of global warming. We separately analysed low-exposure (indoors or outdoors in the shade) and high-exposure (outdoor in the sun) sectors.

Results

We found differentiated empirical regional and sectoral impacts for labour supply and more importantly occupational injuries. Climate change has already negatively affected the labour force effectiveness. Climate change will substantially reduce labour supply and increase the number of occupational injuries. These effects are projected to be higher for outdoor workers in full sunlight compared to indoors. In terms of regional differentiation, the highest impacts are projected to be in sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America.

Conclusions

Our findings imply income and distributional consequences in terms of increased inequality and poverty, especially in low-income countries, where the labour effects are projected to be high, while injuries are expected to increase significantly. Our findings can be used to identify future labour impact hotspots and enable policies taking into account local labour force context.
SS21 NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN PESTICIDES: ENHANCING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
Authors: Colosio Claudio , Chandrasekar Sashikala
Published: July 2024

Agriculture is one of the most hazardous occupations and many agricultural workers suffer occupational illness every year. The biggest challenge is exposure to pesticides and the risk assessment, as well as early detection of diseases among agricultural workers. Occupational health and safety in farm workers exposed to pesticides must be given importance.

This session will address the new approaches to pesticide exposure assessment, especially in the situation of combined exposure to different active ingredients of pesticides. The development of new tools for preventive risk assessment, and surveillance will enhance the occupational health and safety of farm workers.
SS22-03 FIVE KEYS TO UNDERSTAND THE PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE DECLARATION OF HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK AS THE FIFTH FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT AT WORK
Authors: Bello Igor
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The International Labour Conference at its meeting in July 2022 declared the right to a safe and healthy work environment as part of the Declaration of Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work. This work explores the practical implications of this declaration in terms of public policies and the gender perspective.

Materials and Methods

The resolution adopted by the International Labour Conference in July 2022, conventions C155 and C187, and some comments from experts on the subject were reviewed.

Results

Declaration of the ILO not only includes the right to a safe and healthy work environment, but this is operationalized through the conversion of the two most relevant international labour standards in the OSH field, into fundamental conventions. Adoption of Convention 155 on health and safety at work and Convention 187 on the promotion of health and safety as "fundamental conventions" implies that all ILO members are obliged to assume and respect them. Such conventions are also often included in trade agreements, international financial regulations, and global supply chain standards.

Conclusions

This declaration opens the door for a review of national OSH systems, generating the review or design of a National OSH Policy, a National OSH Plan and a set of management indicators, as well as a promotional framework that favours its implementation, incorporating the vision of management systems and continuous improvement in OSH and the promotion of the national culture of prevention. These elements are opportunities to review the system, update structures, policies and generate more efficient, inclusive, fair and social dialogue based OSH systems.
SS23-01 THE CHEMICAL “SECTOR” IS MORE THAN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Authors: Guidotti Tee
Published: July 2024

The chemical industry is one part of the sector of society, global impact, and framework for the use of chemicals in modern society. The chemical industry is production, design, distribution, guidance on use, and integration with the economy. It is also a framework for population health management. The chemical “sector” includes the workers, clients, customers, community residents, insurers, experts, and end users of chemical production. The chemical sector is an issue of sustainability, both globalization and hyperlocal risk management, and modernization of the economy into sustainability. The chemical sector must represent effective risk management, “green” alternatives, healthy lifestyles, “safe, healthy, and decent work” (as formulated by the World Health Organization) and a high level of productivity unimpeded by constraints of health risk. Effective population health management leads to increased quality of life, decreased burden of disease and disability, decreased demand for health services, and decreased costs.

Equally important is the union of health protection and sustainability: environmental, economic, and social. The public is often fearful of new findings in part because they lack the context with which to interpret them and in part because they fear risk being imposed upon them without their understanding or participation. For them, the natural and logical response is to be very conservative in accepting risk. The public should participate in a chemical sector that is responsive to their concerns, inclusive in involving all stakeholders, and dedicated to sustainability.