bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A unique hybrid characteristic having both pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotype transformed by repetitive low-dose lipopolysaccharide in C8-B4 microglia
Authors: Mizobuchi Haruka , Yamamoto Kazushi , Tsutsui Shoko , Yamashita Masafumi , Nakata Yoko , Inagawa Hiroyuki , Kohchi Chie , Soma Gen-Ichiro
Published: June 2020

Although lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is regarded as an inducer of inflammation, previous studies have suggested that repetitive low-dose LPS has neuroprotective effects via immunomodulation of microglia, resident macrophages of brain. However, microglia transformed by the stimulus of repetitive low-dose LPS (REPELL-microglia) are not well characterized, whereas microglia transformed by repetitive high-dose LPS are well studied as an endotoxin tolerance model in which the induction of pro-inflammatory molecules is suppressed. In this study, to characterize REPELL-microglia, the gene expression and phagocytic activity of REPELL-microglia were analyzed with the murine C8-B4 microglia cell line. The REPELL-microglia were characterized by a high expression of pro-inflammatory molecules (Nos2, Ccl1, IL-12B, and CD86), anti-inflammatory molecules (IL-10, Arg1, Il13ra2, and Mrc1), and neuroprotective molecules (Ntf5, Ccl7, and Gipr). In addition, the phagocytic activity of REPELL-microglia was promoted as high as that of microglia transformed by single low-dose LPS. These results suggest the potential of REPELL-microglia for inflammatory regulation, neuroprotection, and phagocytic clearance. Moreover, this study revealed that gene expression of REPELL-microglia was distinct from that of microglia transformed by repetitive high-dose LPS treatment, suggesting the diversity of microglia transformation by different doses of LPS.
Comparison of radiotherapy techniques with flattening filter and flattening filter-free in lung radiotherapy according to the treatment volume size
Authors: Arslan Alaettin , Sengul Burak
Published: June 2020

In external radiotherapy (RT), the use of flattening filter-free (FFF) radiation beams obtained by removing the flattening filter (FF) in standard linear accelerators is rapidly increasing, and the benefits of clinical use are the issue of research. Advanced treatment techniques have increased the interest in the operation of linear accelerators in FFF mode. The differences of the beams with non-uniform dose distribution created by removing FF compared to the beams with uniform dose distribution used as a standard were examined. These differences were compared in the treatment plans of lung patients who have different planning target volumes (PTV). Clinac IX linear accelerator units were used. Twenty patients with previously completed treatment were divided into two groups depending on the size of the target volume. All patients underwent two different intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) plans using FF and FFF beams. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test was used to compare two different techniques (Significance p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two techniques when looking at the D2%(Gy), D98%(Gy), D50%(Gy), homogeneity (HI), and conformity index (CI) data for both groups. When the critical organ doses were evaluated, there was a statistically significant difference only in the V20(%) values of the lungs, but these differences were not very large. Monitor unit (MU) data were found to be lower in FF planning, and treatment time was lower in FFF planning. Except for shorter treatment times, and of the lungs V20(%) value, in standard fractionated RT of lung cancer, there was no significant difference between the use of FFF and FF techniques for large and small target volumes.
Uptake, efflux, and toxicity of inorganic and methyl mercury in the endothelial cells (EA.hy926)
Authors: Liu Songnian , Tsui Martin Tsz-Ki , Lee Elizabeth , Fowler Josh , Jia Zhenquan
Published: June 2020

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity, mortality, and health care costs in the United States, and possibly around the world. Among the various risk factors of CVD, environmental and dietary exposures to mercury (Hg), a highly toxic metal traditionally regarded as a neurotoxin, has been recently suggested as a potential contributor towards human atherosclerotic development. In this study, we investigated the toxicity, type of cell death, dose-dependent uptake, and efflux of inorganic HgII (as HgCl2) and methylmercury or MeHg (as CH3HgCl) in EA.hy926 endothelial cells, as these two forms of Hg are often reported to be present in human blood among the general populations (~20–30% as HgII and ~70–80% as MeHg). Our results showed that HgII is more toxic than MeHg to the endothelial cells, owing to the higher uptake into the cytoplasm and perhaps importantly lower efflux of HgII by the cells, thus the “net” accumulation by the endothelial cells is higher for HgII than MeHg when exposed to the same Hg levels in the media. Furthermore, both HgII and MeHg were found to induce apoptotic and necrotic cell death. This study has important implications for the contributions of these two common Hg species to the development of atherosclerosis, an important process leading to CVD.
Entanglement-enhanced testing of multiple quantum hypotheses
Authors: Zhuang Quntao , Pirandola Stefano
Published: June 2020

Quantum hypothesis testing has been greatly advanced for the binary discrimination of two states, or two channels. In this setting, we already know that quantum entanglement can be used to enhance the discrimination of two bosonic channels. Here, we remove the restriction of binary hypotheses and show that entangled photons can remarkably boost the discrimination of multiple bosonic channels. More precisely, we formulate a general problem of channel-position finding where the goal is to determine the position of a target channel among many background channels. We prove that, using entangled photons at the input and a generalized form of conditional nulling receiver at the output, we may outperform any classical strategy. Our results can be applied to enhance a range of technological tasks, including the optical readout of sparse classical data, the spectroscopic analysis of a frequency spectrum, and the determination of the direction of a target at fixed range.
PtRu/Zn3Ce1Ox catalysts with Lewis acid–base pairs show synergistic performances for the conversion of glycerol in the absence of externally added H2
Authors: Zhang Guangyu , Jin Xin , Zhang Quanxing , Cheng Yinlei , Chen Xiaobo , Liu Yibin , Feng Xiang , Yang Chaohe
Published: June 2020

Enhanced Lewis acid–base pairs and weaker PtRu–H hydride bonding synergistically enhance catalytic activity.
Preparation and solution properties of polyacrylamide-based silica nanocomposites for drag reduction application
Authors: Xing Liang , Ke Yangchuan , Hu Xu , Liang Peng
Published: June 2020

A novel nanocomposite drag reducer showed excellent drag reduction performance by improving strength and rigidity of a polymer structure.
Preparation of a carboxymethyl β-cyclodextrin polymer and its rapid adsorption performance for basic fuchsin
Authors: Pu Hongyu , Tang Peixiao , Zhao Ludan , Sun Qiaomei , Zhai Yuanming , Li Zhiqiang , Gan Na , Liu Yuanyuan , Ren Xiuyun , Li Hui
Published: June 2020

Introduction of carboxymethyl groups greatly accelerated the adsorption rate of a β-CD polymer, and the removal efficiency reached 96% within 1 minute.
Benzo[4,5]thieno-S,S-dioxide-[3,2-b]benzofurans: synthesis, properties and application in electroluminescent devices
Authors: Ma Weimin , Liu Guanhao , Zhou Lu , Li Baolin , Wang Ying
Published: June 2020

Four organic light-emitting diodes based on the first mixed thieno-S,S-dioxide-furan acenes (BTOBFs) exhibit blue to green tunable luminescence, and respectable EQE of up to 6.49% has been achieved.
Labelling of DNA and RNA in the cellular environment by means of bioorthogonal cycloaddition chemistry
Authors: Ganz Dorothée , Harijan Dennis , Wagenknecht Hans-Achim
Published: June 2020

Labelling of nucleic acids as biologically important cellular components is a crucial prerequisite for the visualization and understanding of biological processes.
Synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline derivatives through the copper-catalyzed domino reaction of o-alkenyl aromatic isocyanides with diazo compounds
Authors: Liu Lu , Li Lei , Mao Shukuan , Wang Xin , Zhou Ming-Dong , Zhao Yu-long , Wang He
Published: June 2020

Various o-alkenyl aromatic isocyanides were prepared from readily available reactants for their double annulation with diazo compounds for a one-pot synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazolines under mild reaction conditions.
Polarized light through polycrystalline vaterite helicoids
Authors: Tan Melissa , Jiang Wenge , Martin Alexander T. , Shtukenberg Alexander G. , McKee Marc D. , Kahr Bart
Published: June 2020

Chiral, polycrystalline vaterite helicoids imaged by complete Mueller matrix polarimetry and simulated on the basis of the superstructure of anisotropic lamellae.
Supercritical CO2 synthesis of Co-doped MoO3−x nanocrystals for multifunctional light utilization
Authors: Zheng Xiaoli , Wang Xuzhe , Tian Qingyong , Cui Xinwei , Zhou Yannan , Ge Tianpei , Liu Wei , Wei Cong , Xu Qun
Published: June 2020

Co-MoO3−x NCs were synthesized by supercritical CO2, and their unique structural features lead to multifunctional light utilization.
Capture and identification of coke precursors to elucidate the deactivation route of the methanol-to-olefin process over H-SAPO-34
Authors: Yu Bowen , Zhang Wenna , Wei Yingxu , Wu Xinqiang , Sun Tantan , Fan Benhan , Xu Shutao , Liu Zhongmin
Published: June 2020

The evolution of retained species during the whole methanol-to-olefins process was revealed with the aid of GC-MS, thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Cobalt-catalysed selective synthesis of aldehydes and alcohols from esters
Authors: Pattanaik Sandip , Gunanathan Chidambaram
Published: June 2020

Selective synthesis of aldehydes and alcohols from esters is reported in which a single cobalt pincer catalyst catalyses both transformations.
Enabling efficient exploration of metal–organic frameworks in the Cambridge Structural Database
Authors: Li Aurelia , Bueno-Perez Rocio , Wiggin Seth , Fairen-Jimenez David
Published: June 2020

A tutorial review for mining the ever growing number of metal–organic frameworks data in the Cambridge Structural Database, for MOF scientists of all backgrounds.
Probing radical–molecule interactions with a second generation energy decomposition analysis of DFT calculations using absolutely localized molecular orbitals
Authors: Mao Yuezhi , Levine Daniel S. , Loipersberger Matthias , Horn Paul R. , Head-Gordon Martin
Published: June 2020

Proper treatment of intermolecular complexes formed by radicals and closed-shell molecules in energy decomposition analysis of DFT calculations.
Stretchable electrochemical energy storage devices
Authors: Mackanic David G. , Chang Ting-Hsiang , Huang Zhuojun , Cui Yi , Bao Zhenan
Published: June 2020

Deformable energy storage devices are needed to power the next generation of wearable electronics. This review highlights the most recent advances in stretchable energy storage devices with a focus on batteries and supercapacitors.
Increasing the output charge quantity of triboelectric nanogenerators via frequency multiplication with a multigap-structured friction layer
Authors: Cui Nuanyang , Dai Cuihua , Liu Jinmei , Gu Long , Ge Rui , Du Tao , Wang Zheng , Qin Yong
Published: June 2020

The multi-gap structure of friction layer increases the amount of triboelectric charge density and the output current of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG).
Developing new and understanding old approximations in TDDFT
Authors: Lacombe Lionel , Maitra Neepa T.
Published: June 2020

In this paper we derive a new expression for the exact exchange–correlation potential from a coupling-constant path integration.
Variational calculations of excited states via direct optimization of the orbitals in DFT
Authors: Levi Gianluca , Ivanov Aleksei V. , Jónsson Hannes
Published: June 2020

A direct optimization method for obtaining excited electronic states using density functionals is presented.
Encapsulation of emulsions by a novel delivery system of fluid core–hard shell biopolymer particles to retard lipid oxidation
Authors: Ma Da , Huang Qiqi , Wu Yuli , Chen Jing , Lu Xuanxuan , McClements David Julian , Wang Yong
Published: June 2020

Colloidal delivery systems could be designed to retard lipid oxidation in foods, thereby extending their shelf-lives and improving their nutritional quality.
Pyrazolyl-pyrimidones inhibit the function of human solute carrier protein SLC11A2 (hDMT1) by metal chelation
Authors: Poirier Marion , Pujol-Giménez Jonai , Manatschal Cristina , Bühlmann Sven , Embaby Ahmed , Javor Sacha , Hediger Matthias A. , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: June 2020

Activity optimization of a pyrazolyl-pyrimidone against the iron transporter SLC11A2 (hDMT1) and mechanistic studies revealed that this class of inhibitors act by metal chelation.
Correction: Stabilization of negative capacitance in ferroelectric capacitors with and without a metal interlayer
Authors: Rollo T. , Blanchini F. , Giordano G. , Specogna R. , Esseni D.
Published: June 2020

Correction for ‘Stabilization of negative capacitance in ferroelectric capacitors with and without a metal interlayer’ by T. Rollo, et al., Nanoscale, 2020, 12, 6121–6129, DOI: 10.1039/C9NR09470A.
The synthesis and applications of porphyrin-containing pillararenes
Authors: Zhang Huacheng , Han Jie
Published: June 2020

Recent progress regarding the combination of porphyrins and pillararenes into hybrid compounds and supramolecular systems is summarized in this review.
Electrochemical regioselective alkylations of a [60]fulleroindoline with bulky alkyl bromides
Authors: Yang Yong , Niu Chuang , Chen Muqing , Yang Shangfeng , Wang Guan-Wu
Published: June 2020

Electrochemical alkylations of a [60]fulleroindoline with different bulky alkyl bromides exhibit different reaction behaviors; the major 1,4,9,12-adduct is obtained along with the minor 1,2,3,16-adduct for the bulkier diphenylbromomethane.
Ionic liquid-induced tunable N-doped mesoporous carbon spheres for supercapacitors
Authors: Wu Haixia , Lv Haijun , Zhang Yue , Du Juan , Chen Aibing
Published: June 2020

N-Doped mesoporous carbon spheres with tunable structures have been prepared by a feasible co-assembly under the induction of an ionic liquid for supercapacitors.
Organic montmorillonite produced an interlayer locking effect in a polymer scaffold to enhance interfacial bonding
Authors: Shuai Cijun , Yu Li , Feng Pei , Zhong Yancheng , Zhao Zhenyu , Chen Zeyu , Yang Wenjing
Published: June 2020

KH550 organic modified MMT was incorporated into PCL to enhance the interfacial bonding and restricted the movement of PCL molecular chains in galleries through the interlayer locking effect.
Copper-catalyzed mild desulfonylation of vinyl sulfonyl molecules
Authors: Jiang Ying , Fang Wan-Yin , Rakesh K. P. , Qin Hua-Li
Published: June 2020

The first Cu-catalyzed chemical selective desulfonylation of vinyl sulfonyl molecules to olefins was developed using B2pin2–water as the reductant.
Dityrosine suppresses the cytoprotective action of thyroid hormone T3viainhibiting thyroid hormone receptor-mediated transcriptional activation
Authors: Ding Yin-Yi , Wang Fang-Fang , Jiang Yu-Ge , Sheng Yi-Jing , Jiang Meng-Qi , Zhu Xuan , Shi Yong-Hui , Le Guo-Wei
Published: June 2020

The nucleotide sequences of double-stranded oligonucleotides containing TRE or RORE.
Integrated analysis of lncRNA–mRNA networks associated with an SLA titanium surface reveals the potential role of HIF1A-AS1 in bone remodeling
Authors: Zheng Yan , Zheng Yunfei , Jia Lingfei , Zhang Yu , Lin Ye
Published: June 2020

Long non-coding RNA HIF1A-AS1 plays a role in SLA titanium surface-induced osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by regulating p38 MAPK.
Catalytic characteristics of a Ni–MgO/HZSM-5 catalyst for steam reforming of toluene
Authors: Wu Wei , Fan Qizhou , Yi Baojun , Liu Bichen , Jiang Rujiao
Published: June 2020

Steam reforming is a potential technology for the conversion of biomass pyrolysis tar into gaseous products.
Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure elucidation and Hirshfeld surface analysis of N-((4-(1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-yl)phenyl)carbamothioyl)benzamide: investigations for elastase inhibition, antioxidant and DNA binding potentials for biological applications
Authors: Arshad Nasima , Rafiq Mamoona , Ujan Rabail , Saeed Aamer , Farooqi Shahid I. , Perveen Fouzia , Channar Pervaiz Ali , Ashraf Saba , Abbas Qamar , Ahmed Ashfaq , Hokelek Tuncer , Kaur Manpreet , Jasinski Jerry P.
Published: June 2020

A new compound based upon a benzimidazole thiourea moiety that has unique properties related to elastase inhibition, antioxidant and DNA binding ability has been studied.
Interaction mechanism of aloe-emodin with trypsin: molecular structure–affinity relationship and effect on biological activities
Authors: Ren Guoyan , Sun He , Li Gen , Fan Jinling , Du Lin , Cui Guoting
Published: June 2020

The mechanism of interaction between AE and trypsin was studied firstly. The biological activity of both decreased after the interaction. These results provide a basis for the development and utilization of AE.
Study on the properties of perovskite materials under light and different temperatures and electric fields based on DFT
Authors: Diao Xin-Feng , Tang Yan-lin , Xiong De-Yong , Wang Ping-Rui , Gao Li-ke , Tang Tian-yu , Wei Xiao-Nan , Zhang Hai-Rong , Xu-Pu wu  , Ji Shen-Tong
Published: June 2020

The photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has improved rapidly, but their stability is poor, which is an important factor that restricts their commercial production.
Replacement of feed by fresh microalgae as a novel technology to alleviate water deterioration in aquaculture
Authors: Chen Fufeng , Xiao Yan , Wu Xiongwei , Zhong Yuqing , Lu Qian , Zhou Wenguang
Published: June 2020

The main aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of microalgae-assisted aquaculture and explore the relevant mechanisms.
Vertically stacked SnSe homojunctions and negative capacitance for fast low-power tunneling transistors
Authors: Li Hong , Liang Jiakun , Xu Peipei , Luo Jing , Liu Fengbin
Published: June 2020

The vertical SnSe homojunction TFETs and NCTFETs are potential candidates for fast low-power application.
PVDF-supported graphene foam as a robust current collector for lithium metal anodes
Authors: Shi Liurong , Hu Zhipeng , Hong Ye
Published: June 2020

A robust lithium metal anode comprising of PSGF current collector showing long cycling life.
Tunable and switchable nanoparticle separation with thermo-responsive track-etched membranes prepared by controlled surface-initiated polymerization of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
Authors: Daumann Kevin , Frost Sven , Ulbricht Mathias
Published: June 2020

This work describes how the control of grafting density and grafted chain length of a thermo-responsive polymer in membrane pores can be utilized to tune the pore size and the switchability of size-based selectivity in the ultrafiltration range.
Identification and bioactivity evaluation of secondary metabolites from Antarctic-derived Penicillium chrysogenum CCTCC M 2020019
Authors: Khan Imran , Zhang Haibo , Liu Wei , Zhang Liping , Peng Fang , Chen Yuchan , Zhang Qingbo , Zhang Guangtao , Zhang Weimin , Zhang Changsheng
Published: June 2020

The unprecedented eight-membered heterocyclic chrysonin (1) was isolated from an Antarctic fungus that also produced xanthocillins 4 and 5 as potent inhibitors against Gram-negative pathogens.
Self-organization of silicates on different length scales exemplified by amorphous mesoporous silica and mesoporous zeolite beta using multiammonium surfactants
Authors: Castro Maria , Losch Pit , Farès Christophe , Haouas Mohamed , Taulelle Francis , Breynaert Eric , Kirschhock Christine , Park Woojin , Ryoo Ryong , Schmidt Wolfgang
Published: June 2020

Reaction gels containing piperidine-based multi-ammonium OSDA yield hierarchical nano-beta zeolite in the presence of aluminum and amorphous mesoporous silica without aluminum, illustrating the highly complex thermodynamic course of zeolite formation.
High-energy and high-power Zn–Ni flow batteries with semi-solid electrodes
Authors: Zhu Yun Guang , Narayanan Thaneer Malai , Tulodziecki Michal , Sanchez-Casalongue Hernan , Horn Quinn C. , Meda Laura , Yu Yang , Sun Jame , Regier Tom , McKinley Gareth H. , Shao-Horn Yang
Published: June 2020

Careful rheological design and electrochemical optimization of conductive ZnO and Ni(OH)2 active semi-solid flowable electrodes is essential to achieve a high-energy and high-power Zn–Ni flow battery.
Understanding the role of crystallographic shear on the electrochemical behavior of niobium oxyfluorides
Authors: Bashian Nicholas H. , Preefer Molleigh B. , Milam-Guerrero JoAnna , Zak Joshua J. , Sendi Charlotte , Ahsan Suha A. , Vincent Rebecca C. , Haiges Ralf , See Kimberly A. , Seshadri Ram , Melot Brent C.
Published: June 2020

The effects of shear planes in perovskitic materials have been studied in order to identify their role in the electrochemical behavior and structural evolution of Li+ intercalation hosts.
Catalysis of silica-based anode (de-)lithiation: compositional design within a hollow structure for accelerated conversion reaction kinetics
Authors: Shen Yabin , Cao Zhen , Wu Yingqiang , Cheng Yong , Xue Hongjin , Zou Yeguo , Liu Gang , Yin Dongming , Cavallo Luigi , Wang Limin , Ming Jun
Published: June 2020

New hierarchical hollow SiO2 spheres decorated with metal nanoparticles were designed by using an in situ self-assembly approach for lithium-ion battery applications.
Safety issues of defective lithium-ion batteries: identification and risk evaluation
Authors: Jia Yikai , Liu Binghe , Hong Zhiguo , Yin Sha , Finegan Donal P. , Xu Jun
Published: June 2020

Lithium-ion batteries inevitably suffer minor damage or defects caused by external mechanical abusive loading, e.g., penetration, deformation, and scratch without triggering a hard/major short circuit.
Strong catalysis of silver-doped carbon nitride nanoparticles and their application to aptamer SERS and RRS coupled dual-mode detection of ultra-trace K+
Authors: Li Chongning , Yao Dongmei , Jiang Xin , Liang Aihui , Jiang Zhiliang
Published: June 2020

The aptamer-mediated SERS and RRS dual-mode detection method of K+ was accurate and sensitive.
Solution-processed polarized light-emitting diodes
Authors: Zhu Jun , Wang Jianyue , Lu Hongbo , Qiu Longzhen
Published: June 2020

In this review, recent progress in the development of solution-processed polarized light-emitting diodes has been presented.
Structural and functional insights into macrophage migration inhibitory factor from Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum
Authors: Su Zhiming , Tian Xuyang , Li Huanjun , Wei Zhiming , Chen Lifan , Wang Songqing , Ren Haixia , Peng Wenfeng , Tang Chongti , Lin Tianwei , Huang Shuaiqin
Published: June 2020

Oncomelania hupensis is the unique intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. As an irreplaceable prerequisite in the transmission and prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica, an in-depth study of this obligate host–parasite interaction can provide glimpse into the molecular events in the competition between schistosome infectivity and snail immune resistance. In previous studies, we identified a macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) from O. hupensis (OhMIF), and showed that it was involved in the snail host immune response to the parasite S. japonicum. Here, we determined the crystal structure of OhMIF and revealed that there were distinct structural differences between the mammalian and O. hupensis MIFs. Noticeably, there was a projecting and structured C-terminus in OhMIF, which not only regulated the MIF's thermostability but was also critical in the activation of its tautomerase activity. Comparative studies between OhMIF and human MIF (hMIF) by analyzing the tautomerase activity, oxidoreductase activity, thermostability, interaction with the receptor CD74 and activation of the ERK signaling pathway demonstrated the functional differences between hMIF and OhMIF. Our data shed a species-specific light on structural, functional, and immunological characteristics of OhMIF and enrich the knowledge on the MIF family.
MiR-4269 suppresses the tumorigenesis and development of pancreatic cancer by targeting ZEB1/OTX1 pathway
Authors: Sui Xin , Sui Zhenghui
Published: June 2020

As one of the most prevalent malignant tumors, pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading fatal cancer worldwide. Surging evidence has unraveled that miRNAs are involved in the occurrence and progression of multiple cancers, including PC. The tumor suppressor effects of miR-4269 have been certified in gastric carcinoma. However, the potential function of miR-4269 remains largely unclear, which drives us to identify the role of miR-4269 in PC development. In the present study, we determined the expression pattern of miR-4269 in PC cells and normal cells. Results of RT-qPCR analysis illuminated that miR-4269 expression level in PC cells was lower than that in normal cells. Functional assays demonstrated that up-regulation of miR-4269 obviously inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC cells. In order to elucidate the mechanism governing miR-4269 in PC, we carried out bioinformatics analysis and further experimental investigations. Our results validated that ZEB1 was a direct target of miR-4269. Additionally, ZEB1 activated the transcription of OXT1. More importantly, miR-4269 attenuated the expression level of OXT1 via targeting ZEB1. Ultimately, our findings confirmed that miR-4269 served as a cancer suppressor in PC through regulation of ZEB1/OTX1 pathway, which suggested that miR-4269 might represent a promising target for the clinical treatment of PC.
miR-135a inhibits malignant proliferation and diffusion of non-small cell lung cancer cells by down-regulating ROCK1 protein
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Sun Xiaosong , Zhu Kun , Cheng Min
Published: June 2020

Objective: To seek the clinical significance and regulatory mechanism of miR-135a and Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: NSCLC cells were purchased, and miR-135a-mimics, miR-135a-inhibitor, miR-NC, si-ROCK1 and Sh-ROCK1 were transfected into NSCLC cells HCC827 and NCI-H524. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of miR-135a, ROCK1, Bax, Caspase3, Bcl-2, N-cadherin, vimentin and E-cadherin. MTT, scratch test, Transwell and flow cytometry were used to analyze the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis.

Results: miR-135a was low expressed in serum of NSCLC group, while ROCK1 was opposite. miR-135a low level or ROCK1 high level was associated with poor prognosis of NSCLC and lower 3-year OS. Over-expression of miR-135a and inhibition of ROCK1 expression could control malignant growth and diffusion of cells and expression of Bcl-2, N-cadherin and vimentin proteins, and promote apoptosis and expression of Bax, Caspase3 and E-cadherin proteins. After transfection of miR-135a-mimics+sh-ROCK1 to HCC827 and NCI-H524, the malignant proliferation and diffusion behavior of the cells were not different from those of the miR-NC group with no transfection sequence. The double luciferase report revealed that miR-135a has a targeting relationship with ROCK1.

Conclusion: miR-135a is abnormally down-regulated in NSCLC. As a serum indicator, miR-135a has the potential to diagnose NSCLC and predict prognosis. The up-regulated expression of miR-135a protein can down-regulate the ROCK1 protein, inhibit the malignant proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT and other diffusion behaviors of NSCLC cells, and increase the apoptosis ability of cells.
Low‐temperature‐grown gallium arsenide photoconductors with subpicosecond carrier lifetime and photoresponse reaching 25 mA/W under 1550 nm CW excitation
Authors: Tannoury C. , Billet M. , Coinon C. , Lampin J‐F. , Peytavit E.
Published: June 2020

The authors show in this Letter that photoconductors based on GaAs grown at low temperatures can exhibit photoresponses as high as 25 mA/W under continuous‐wave 1550‐nm‐wavelength illumination. It is achieved by using an optical Fabry–Pérot cavity in order to improve the external quantum efficiency and by decreasing the post‐growth annealing temperature down‐to 450°C.
Digital blind despreading method for intermediate frequency short‐code DSSS signal
Authors: Qiu Zhaoyang , Peng Hua , Li Tianyun
Published: June 2020

Direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signals are widely used in various military and civilian communication systems owing to its useful properties, such as lower working signal‐to‐noise ratio, strong anti‐jamming capability, and robustness to multi‐path fading. In past few years, the estimation for spreading sequence in non‐cooperative context has attracted lots of attention. Several methods are developed to realise a recovery of the sequence. Eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) is a classical method to obtain an effective estimation by extracting the main eigenvectors. The only obstacle to apply EVD method into practical systems is high complexity of computation when spreading sequence is long. Alternative algorithms such as neural network and clustering method have lower complexity, but an evident loss in performance. In this work, the authors propose to generalise the EVD algorithm to intermediate frequency (IF) short‐code DSSS with an unknown carrier offset. The blind despreading process is designed to complete correlation demodulation. As a result, the computational afford is largely decreased due to the operation on IF real signal. To evaluate the performance, they derive the Crammer‐Rao bound for spreading code estimation and compare the performance of several methods. Simulation demonstrates the superiority of the proposed method in estimation accuracy and runtime.
Air–ground integrated deployment for UAV‐enabled mobile edge computing: A hierarchical game approach
Authors: Yu Xingyue , Dong Xu , Yang Xiaoqin , Chen Chaohui , Ruan Lang , Song Fei , Gong Yuping
Published: June 2020

In this study, the air–ground integrated deployment method is studied for the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐enabled mobile edge computing (MEC) system. The UAV can help to reduce the delay and energy consumption of MEC. However, the limited coverage range of UAV limits the quality of data offloading. To improve the efficiency of data transmission, a hierarchical game model is designed. Ground nodes form multiple coalitions actively according to the position of UAV and the UAV adjusts the position based on the data distribution of ground networks. The relationship between the UAV and ground nodes is modelled as a Stackelberg game. A coalition formation game (CFG) is constructed for the data gathering among ground nodes. It is proved that the proposed CFG is an exact potential game with at least one Nash equilibrium. Moreover, the property of Stackelberg equilibrium is proven for the air–ground cooperative relationship. Based on the hierarchical model, a distributed air–ground integrated deployment algorithm is proposed to jointly optimise the position of the UAV and the coalition formation of ground nodes. The simulation results show that the proposed method promotes the efficiency of data transmission greatly and can converge to a stable state with reasonable iteration times.
Gruppentherapie systemisch gesehen
Authors: Obendiek Jan
Published: June 2020

Gruppentherapie findet sich besonders in der stationären Behandlung als ein etabliertes Verfahren. Um handlungsfähig zu sein, brauchen Therapeuten Konzepte, die sich von der Alltagskommunikation unterscheiden und Beziehungsdynamiken beschreiben. Die Aufgabe ist, den Gruppenprozess aktiv so zu gestalten, dass er dem Einzelnen in seinem Therapieprozess nützt.
Verhaltenstherapeutische Gruppentherapie
Authors: Rüddel Heinz , Rinke Laetitia , Mohnke Eva
Published: June 2020

Nach historischer Einbettung der verhaltenstherapeutischen Gruppentherapie werden die im klinischen Alltag vorherrschenden Konzepte vorgestellt. Dabei werden Therapieziele und Wirkfaktoren charakterisiert. Abschließend wird ein Vergleich mit psychodynamischer Gruppentherapie vorgenommen und eine kurze kritische Würdigung der Effektivität von verhaltenstherapeutischer Gruppentherapie vorgestellt.
Mentalisierungsbasierte Gruppenpsychotherapie (MBT-G)
Authors: Schultz-Venrath Ulrich
Published: June 2020

Gruppentherapien sind ausgesprochen effektiv. Vermutlich ist Mentalisieren der zentrale Wirkmechanismus für die eindrucksvollen Ergebnisse. Im ambulanten Bereich gibt es allerdings immer noch zu wenig Gruppentherapie-Angebote.
Psychodiabetologische Arbeit im Rahmen der Gruppenpsychotherapie
Authors: Joksimovic Ljiljana
Published: June 2020

Durch Anregungen der Gruppe können neue Strategien im Umgang mit der Diabeteserkrankung erarbeitet werden. Voraussetzung ist, dass der Gruppentherapeut sich in einem Vorgespräch darüber informiert, ob der Patient ausreichend im Umgang mit der Erkrankung geschult ist, wie lange und in welchem Ausmaß Probleme bestehen und welche Lösungsversuche praktiziert wurden. Eine weitere Voraussetzung ist die Aufklärung der Patienten über Psychosoziales und Diabetes.
Auf der Suche nach dem Heiligen Gral – Wirkfaktoren der Gruppenpsychotherapie
Authors: Mattke Dankwart , Weber Rainer
Published: June 2020

Stellen Sie sich vor, Sie müssten jemandem, der keine Kenntnis über Gruppenpsychotherapie hat, erklären, was das überhaupt ist. „Nichts leichter als das“, könnte man antworten: Etwa 4–9 Patienten treffen sich in regelmäßigen Abständen mit einem Gruppenpsychotherapeuten. Sie sitzen im Kreis und sprechen über ihre Probleme und Gefühle. Sie lachen miteinander, manche weinen, manche sagen nicht viel, andere mehr und am Ende geht es den meisten Patienten viel besser als vorher. Ihr Gegenüber fragt nach: „Das hört sich spannend an. Aber wie funktioniert das denn? Wenn es ein Medikament wäre, was wäre das für ein Wirkstoff?“
Quantitative MR-Bildgebung zur Charakterisierung der Skelettmuskulatur
Authors: Engelke Klaus , Chaudry Oliver , Nagel Armin
Published: June 2020

Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über Magnetresonanztomographie-basierte (MRT-basierte) Methoden zur Quantifizierung der Muskeldegeneration. Neben Muskelvolumen kann mit Dixon-Bildgebung insbesondere der prozentuale Fettgehalt bestimmt werden. Daneben gibt es Ansätze, frühe Anzeichen einer Degeneration über die Verteilung des Entzündungsgrades oder der Natriumkonzentration in der Muskulatur zu visualisieren und quantifizieren. Bis auf die Natrium-Bildgebung werden diese Methoden bei Muskelerkrankungen routinemäßig zur Diagnose und Verlaufskontrolle eingesetzt.

Im Bereich der Osteologie und Gerontologie wird zwar die Bedeutung der Muskel-Knochen-Einheit unter anderem für Frakturprädiktion und Gebrechlichkeit im Alter immer wieder betont, Degeneration der Muskulatur wird aber im Wesentlichen über extrinsische Parameter wie Muskelkraft und -funktion erfasst. Häufig benutzte intrinsische Parameter wie DXA Lean Mass oder Muskelvolumen, bestimmt mit CT oder MRT, korrelieren nur mäßig mit extrinsischen Parametern. Eine genauere Charakterisierung von Muskelqualität sollte dieses Manko aber beseitigen. Mit CT und MRT stehen entsprechende Methoden zur Verfügung, die jetzt aber in Studien zur altersassoziierten Muskeldegeneration, in Interventionsstudien und in Studien zur Frakturrisikoprognostik auch eingesetzt werden müssen.
Umweltgerechtigkeit: Subjektive Hitzebelastung als Folge des
Klimawandels in konträren Stadtquartieren
Authors: Looks Peggy , Borchers Peggy , Reinfried Franziska , Oertel Holger , Kugler Joachim
Published: June 2020

Hintergrund Bislang liegen für die Stadt Dresden keine Daten
zur Wahrnehmung des Klimawandels und der damit verbundenen Zunahme von
Hitzeperioden, die insbesondere gezielte Handlungsableitungen für
vulnerable Gruppen ermöglichen vor.

Methode Um diese Lücke zu schließen wurde 2017 eine
repräsentative Befragung der Bevölkerung in Dresden
durchgeführt. Zwei ausgewählte Stadtquartiere, die sich
sowohl städtebaulich als auch sozialstrukturell voneinander
unterscheiden, wurden im Rahmen dieses Beitrages miteinander verglichen. Im
Besonderen ging es um die Frage, ob eine Verteilungs- bzw.
Verfahrensgerechtigkeit vorliegt, was die Auswirkungen der subjektiven
Hitzebelastung sowie beeinflussender Faktoren anbelangt.

Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich insbesondere
Bewohner/innen des Stadtgebietes mit überwiegend
Plattenbaugebäuden, wenig Grünflächen und einem
erhöhten Anteil an sozial-benachteiligten Personen stärker
von sommerlicher Hitze belastet fühlen und zudem weniger
Möglichkeiten haben, sich den hohen Temperaturen anzupassen.

Schlussfolgerung Aus den Ergebnissen lassen sich neben
Stadtentwicklungsmaßnahmen v. a. auch Maßnahmen zur
Prävention hitzebedingter Erkrankungen ableiten. Diese erfordern
bspw. eine verstärkte Beratung und Aufklärung der Menschen
direkt vor Ort.
Kalium jodatum – segensreich, aber nicht leicht zu finden
Authors: Trebin Ernst
Published: June 2020

Nach einer Einführung in seine miasmatisch-strukturierte homöopathische Arbeitsweise mit Bevorzugung mineralischer Salze skizziert der Autor 7 Krankengeschichten, in deren Behandlung Kalium jodatum eine entscheidende Rolle spielte. Biografische Prägungen aufgrund problematischer Familienverhältnisse scheinen bei der Ausbildung der Krankheitssymptomatik eine besondere Bedeutung einzunehmen, was als Kausalität dem Jodum-Bild zugrunde liegen könnte.
Functional Characteristics of Novel FGFR1 Mutations in Patients with Isolated Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Deficiency
Authors: Choi Jin-Ho , Oh Arum , Lee Yena , Kim Gu-Hwan , Yoo Han-Wook
Published: June 2020

Background Isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency
(IGD) has a wide phenotypic spectrum including Kallmann syndrome (KS) and
normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). FGFR1
mutations have been identified in 3–10% of patients with KS or
nIHH. This study was performed to investigate clinical phenotypes and functional
characteristics of FGFR1 mutations in patients with IGD.

Methods This study included 8 patients (from 7 families) with
FGFR1 mutations identified by targeted gene panel sequencing or whole
exome sequencing (WES). The impact of the identified mutations on FGFR1 function
was assessed using in vitro studies.

Results Seven heterozygous mutations in FGFR1 were identified in 8
patients from 7 independent families. The patients exhibited a wide spectrum of
pubertal development, including anosmia in a prepubertal boy (n=1),
delayed puberty (n=2), nIHH (n=3), and KS (n=2). Four of
the mutations were classified as likely pathogenic, and the other three were
variants of uncertain significance. FGF8-FGFR1 signaling activities for the
novel FGFR1 variants (p.Y339H, p.S681I, and p.N185Kfs*16) were reduced
by in vitro functional assay, indicating loss-of-function mutations.

Conclusions This study identified seven rare sequence variants in
FGFR1 in patients with KS and nIHH. Probands with an FGFR1
mutations displayed a wide phenotypic spectrum ranging from KS to anosmia. A
prepubertal male with anosmia should be followed up to assess pubertal
development because they can manifest hypogonadotropic hypogonadism after
puberty. These results expand the phenotypic spectrum of FGFR1 mutations
and suggest a broader biologic role of FGFR1 in reproduction.
Therapeutische Sitzungen per Videotelefonie
Authors: Heruth Christian
Published: June 2020

Die Corona-Epidemie hat uns kreativ und erfinderisch gemacht. Für uns PsychotherapeutInnen heißt das vor allem: Therapiesitzungen ohne direkten PatientInnenkontakt. Im Folgenden möchte ich meine Erfahrungen und Gedanken zu Voraussetzungen, Indikationen, Kontraindikationen, Wirkungen und möglichen Nebenwirkungen mitteilen.
The Effect of Divided Attention with Bounce Drop Jump on Dynamic Postural Stability
Authors: Lin Jian-Zhi , Tai Wei-Hsun , Chiu Lan-Yi , Lin Yu-An , Lee Heng-Ju
Published: June 2020

This study determined the effect of divided attention on controlling postural stability during a drop vertical jump task. In total, 30 participants were tested for drop vertical jumps from a 30-cm high platform and landing on a single leg with or without divided attention tasks. Three-dimensional marker trajectories and ground reaction forces were collected simultaneously. Vertical ground reaction force, loading rate, and dynamic postural stability index were analyzed with or without divided attention tasks. The paired sample t test indicated a significantly low knee flexion angle, high vertical ground reaction force, and increased loading rate in the divided attention task. Moreover, participants showed an increased vertical stability index and dynamic postural stability index in the divided attention task than in the nondivided attention task. Thus, results demonstrated that the divided attention task could affect posture control, leading to poor dynamic posture stability and possibly increasing lower extremity injury risk. The influence of the divided attention task on movement quality likely indicates that an athlete can no longer focus his attention on the bounce drop jump maneuver. Therefore, the bounce drop jump combined with dynamic postural stability index could be used in posture stability screening.
Characterization of a Structural Leoligin Analog as Farnesoid X Receptor Agonist and Modulator of Cholesterol Transport
Authors: Ladurner Angela , Linder Thomas , Wang Limei , Hiebl Verena , Schuster Daniela , Schnürch Michael , Mihovilovic Marko D. , Atanasov Atanas G. , Dirsch Verena M.
Published: June 2020

The ligand-activated farnesoid X receptor is an emerging therapeutic target for the development of drugs against metabolic syndrome-related diseases. In this context, selective bile acid receptor modulators represent a novel concept for drug development. Selective bile acid receptor modulators act in a target gene- or tissue-specific way and are therefore considered less likely to elicit unwanted side effects. Based on leoligin, a lignan-type secondary plant metabolite from the alpine plant Leontopodium nivale ssp. alpinum, 168 synthesized structural analogs were screened in a farnesoid X receptor in silico pharmacophore-model. Fifty-six virtual hits were generated. These hits were tested in a cell-based farnesoid X receptor transactivation assay and yielded 7 farnesoid X receptor-activating compounds. The most active one being LT-141A, with an EC50 of 6 µM and an Emax of 4.1-fold. This analog did not activate the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor, TGR5, and the metabolic nuclear receptors retinoid X receptor α, liver X receptors α/β, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors β/γ. Investigation of different farnesoid X receptor target genes characterized LT-141A as selective bile acid receptor modulators. Functional studies revealed that LT-141A increased cholesterol efflux from THP-1-derived macrophages via enhanced ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 expression. Moreover, cholesterol uptake in differentiated Caco-2 cells was significantly decreased upon LT-141A treatment. In conclusion, the leoligin analog LT-141A selectively activates the nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor and has an influence on cholesterol transport in 2 model systems.
Virtual Reality Reduces Pain in Laboring Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wong Melissa S. , Spiegel Brennan M.R. , Gregory Kimberly D.
Published: June 2020

Objective Virtual reality (VR) represents a potential method for easing labor pain and in nonpregnant patients has been shown to achieve similar or greater analgesia than hydromorphone. Few studies of VR have been performed in pregnant women. The aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to evaluate whether VR is effective in reducing pain in laboring women.

Study Design An open-label, RCT of nulliparous, term women in labor in a tertiary care hospital. We included women with a pain score level of 4 to 7 having regular contractions at least every 5 minutes. We excluded women who had received any pharmacologic pain relief including neuraxial analgesia and those with contraindications to VR. Participants were randomized to up to 30 minutes of either VR or the control arm (no additional intervention). Our primary outcome was the difference in differences from pre- to postintervention pain score. Prespecified secondary outcomes included postintervention pain scores, duration of intervention use, pharmacologic analgesia use, maternal vitals, and obstetric outcomes.

Results From March 2018 to February 2019, 40 subjects were enrolled, randomized, and completed the study; 19 were randomized to control and 21 to the VR arm. Most baseline characteristics were similar between groups. For the primary outcome, those assigned to the control arm had a statistically significant increase in pain of +0.58, while the VR arm had a significant reduction in pain of −0.52 (p = 0.03). There was also a difference in the proportion who had a minimum clinically important difference in pain (0% control and 23.8% VR; p = 0.049). Postintervention maternal heart rate was higher in the control arm (86.8 vs. 76.3, p = 0.01). Most other secondary outcomes did not differ.

Conclusion In our study, we found that VR was effective for reducing pain in women in labor as compared with those receiving no intervention.

Key Points
Aortic Isthmus Doppler Velocimetry in Fetuses with Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Literature Review
Authors: Ferraz Mariana Martins , Araújo Flávia do Vale , Carvalho Paulo Roberto Nassar de , Sá Renato Augusto Moreira de
Published: June 2020

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with poor perinatal prognosis and a higher risk of stillbirth, neonatal death, and cerebral palsy. Its detection and the evaluation of its severity by new Doppler velocimetric parameters, such as aortic isthmus (AoI), are of great relevance for obstetrical practice. The AoI is a vascular segment that represents a point of communication between the right and left fetal circulations. It is considered to be a functional arterial shunt that reflects the relationship between the systemic and cerebral impedances, and has recently been proposed as a tool to detect the status of hemodynamic balance and prognosis of IUGR in fetuses. In the present review, we noticed that in healthy fetuses, the AoI net flow is always antegrade, but in fetuses with IUGR the deterioration of placental function leads to progressive reduction in its flow until it becomes mostly retrograde; this point is associated with a drastic reduction in oxygen delivery to the brain. The more impaired the AoI flow is, the greater is the risk of impairment in the Doppler velocimetry of other vessels; and the alterations of the AoI Doppler seem to precede other indicators of severe hypoxemia. Although there seems to be an association between the presence of retrograde flow in the AoI and the risk of long-term neurologic disability, its role in the prediction of perinatal morbi-mortality remains unclear. The AoI Doppler seems to be a promising tool in the management of fetuses with IUGR, but more studies are needed to investigate its employment in clinical practice.