bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atypical Talus Fracture: A Case Report
Authors: Vemparala Rajesh Kumar , Rajan Giriprasad , Narayanan Sathyanarayanan
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Talus fractures are relatively rare injuries .These injuries are very serious because they can compromise the motion of foot and ankle and result in severe disability . Fractures of talar neck and body constitutes about 40% of all talus fractures. These occur secondary to high energy trauma most commonly motor vehicle collisions or fall from height . Fractures involving the lateral process results due to ankle inversion and dorsiflexion . Majority of talar surface is covered by articular cartilage and its role in force transmission between leg and foot makes successful treatment of such injuries a mandatory prerequisite to regain function. We present an atypical case of talus fracture in which fracture plane extends from posterior aspect of lateral talar process involving the body in coronal plane . Not much of literature has been published in this regard. Case Report: A 28 year old male presented with pain in the left ankle following fall from a tree. Following the radiological investigations, in coronal plane fracture line extends from posterior aspect of lateral talar process into the body medially and anteriorly. Internal fixation of the fracture was done by an open approach and a strict rehabilitation protocol was followed. At three months the patient had satisfactory healing of fracture without any irregularity of the articular surface and ambulant pain free with full range of ankle movements . Conclusion: There are several choices to treat talar fractures . The ideal treatment should be customized as per the fracture morphology . Open reduction and internal fixation is one of the best options to restore the tibiotalar and subtalar joint congruency and to prevent post traumatic arthritis . Appropriate diagnosis and perioperative treatment is the key to success in talar fracture management. Keywords: Talar body fracture, lateral process, subtalar joint.
Viral representations: It’s a Sin
Authors: Bollas Angelos
Published: July 2023

Belonging to the retrovision genre, It’s a Sin (2021) dramatizes the early years of the pandemic. Audiences are shown what reality was like before and immediately after the outbreak of HIV/AIDS. It narrates the transition from a sex-positive era where non-heterosexual people were standing up for their freedom to love, have sex and enjoy life to an era of fear, illness and death that followed the outbreak of HIV. The argument of this article is that contrary to earlier representations of the initial years of the pandemic, It’s a Sin, not unlike Pose (2018–21), succeeds in addressing HIV/AIDS in an empowering rather than stigmatizing manner. In particular, It’s a Sin challenges previous representations of the early years of the pandemic by not contributing to the association of HIV/AIDS with a discourse of illness and death. What is different in this series to earlier representations was the fact that there is no blame towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), nor do we see them as passive victims of an unknown virus. Rather, by applying ‘analytics of mediation’, it is argued that the series presents the social suffering that emerged with HIV/AIDS and provides space for audiences to reflect on their contribution to the suffering of others.
História da Educação Sul-rio-grandense: Vale dos Sinos e Serra Gaúcha em destaque
Authors: Stascovian Juliana
Published: July 2023

“Sem memórias não existimos, sem responsabilidade talvez não mereçamos existir” (SARAMAGO, 1995, p.63). A citação é oriunda dos Cadernos de Lanzarote, livro do laureado escritor José Saramago que é inspirado em seus diários. Assim se vincula ao universo da seleta obra aqui apresentada, pois quem se propõe a pesquisar em História da Educação tem uma honrosa e desafiadora missão ao recompor traços do passado, a partir de diversos elementos que são desvelados pelos estudiosos, em particular neste caso, no âmbito do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O organizador do exemplar é o professor José Edimar de Souza, Doutor em Educação pela Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), com estágio pós-doutoral na mesma instituição. É docente no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação e também no Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, ambos na Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS). Atualmente é vice-líder do Grupo de Pesquisa História da Educação, Imigração e Memória (GRUPHEIM) e participa de importantes instituições como membro: Associação Nacional de Pesquisadores da História das Comunidades Teuto-Brasileiras (ANPHCTB), Grupo de Trabalho de História da Educação da Associação Nacional de História (ANPUH-RS), Associação Sul-Rio-Grandense de Pesquisadores em História da Educação (ASPHE), Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPED), e Sociedade Brasileira de História da Educação (SBHE).
Problematics of Unrequited Love in the Modern Javanese Song “Klebus” by Ngatmombilung (Critical Discourse Analysis)
Authors: Hasanah Eryneta Nurul , Mastur S. Nudia
Published: July 2023

Love can be interpreted as a process that occurs in society, begins with a feeling of happiness, romance, and harmony. However, love can also end in heartbreak, disappointment, unrequited love, suffering, and so on. One of the sad endings to love experinced by many people, especially young people, is unrequited love. This study aim to analyze the problematic nature of unrequited love in the modern Javanese song titled “Klebus”, which was popularized by Ngatmombilung. The research method is descriptive-qualitative with the critical discourse analysis approach of Norman Fairclough to explore the meaning of songs critically and in depth. Data collection techniques include document studies, content analysis, and interviews. Data analysis techniques are carried out in three dimensions, namely textual dimensions, discursive practice dimensions, and sociocultural practical dimensions, to get appropriate conclusions. This study shows that in the song "Klebus", there is a representation of the problems of the love story of someone who is not avenged even though they struggled and gave their best. Young people who have an attitude of being too hopeful about the feelings of others can actually cause pain, disappointment, sadness, and suffering. In the end, letting go and accepting reality becomes the right choice.
Instability of Property Sector Stock Return Period 2014 – 2021
Authors: Fazri Muhammad , Widhiastuti Rosalia Nansih , Kisman Zainul
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of exchange rates, dividend payout ratios, net profit margins, earnings per share, and current ratios on stock returns in the property and real estate sub-sectors listed on the IDX for the 2014-2021 period. This study uses secondary data. The population of this study consists of property and real estate sub-sector companies listed on the IDX during the 2014-2021 period. The sample used in this study consisted of property and real estate sub-sector companies with complete data during the study period. The analytical method used is panel data regression analysis, with the analysis tool using E-views 12 software. The results show that partially the exchange rate has a significant negative effect on stock returns, while the dividend payout ratio, net profit margin, earnings per share, and current ratio do not affect stock returns. Taken together, the exchange rate, dividend payout ratio, net profit margin, earnings per share, and current ratio have a significant influence on stock returns in the property and real estate sub-sector companies listed on the IDX for the 2014-2021 period.
Acetate attenuates kidney fibrosis in an oxidative stress‐dependent manner
Authors: Kawabata Chiaki , Hirakawa Yosuke , Inagi Reiko , Nangaku Masaomi
Published: July 2023

Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the end products of the fermentation of dietary fibers by the intestinal microbiota and reported to exert positive effects on host physiology. Acetate is the most abundant SCFA in humans and is shown to improve acute kidney injury in a mouse model of ischemia–reperfusion injury. However, how SCFAs protect the kidney and whether SCFAs have a renoprotective effect in chronic kidney disease (CKD) models remain to be elucidated. We investigated whether acetate and other SCFAs could attenuate the kidney damage. In in vitro experiments, cell viability of acetate‐treated human kidney 2 (HK‐2) cells was significantly higher than that of vehicle‐treated in an oxidative stress model, and acetate reduced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In mitochondrial analysis, the MitoSOX‐positive cell proportion decreased, and transcription of dynamin‐1‐like protein gene, a fission gene, was decreased by acetate treatment. In in vivo experiments in mice, acetate treatment significantly ameliorated fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction, and the oxidative stress marker phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) was also reduced. Further, acetate treatment ameliorated dysmorphic mitochondria in the proximal tubules, and ROS and mitochondrial analyses suggested that acetate improved mitochondrial damage. Our findings indicate a renoprotective effect of acetate in CKD.
Felons, Outlaws, and Tort’s Troubling Treatment of the “Wrongdoer” Plaintiff
Authors: Freeman Engstrom Nora , Rabin Robert L.
Published: July 2023

Two tort law tenets are broadly accepted. First, litigants are to be judged based on their conduct, not on their character. In tort law, if not in heaven, the sinner is entitled to the same treatment as the saint. Second, it’s also broadly understood that, as comparative negligence supplanted contributory fault in the latter years of the last century, compensation stopped being binary; recovery became proportional. When, as is very often the case, the plaintiff and the defendant both err, the plaintiff’s entitlement to compensation is a matter of more or less, not yes or no. Against that backdrop, this Essay identifies four doctrines—the wrongful conduct rule, the “innocence” prerequisite to legal malpractice actions, the non-innocent party doctrine, and the complicity defense—that implicitly challenge both of these bedrock principles. We show how these “wrongdoer doctrines” extinguish claims, not just because of what the plaintiff has done but, rather, who the plaintiff is. And we also explore the doctrines’ other infirmities. Namely, these doctrines subvert the basic goals of tort law, authorize character assassination, defy consistent or principled application, rest on a false premise, and operate to resurrect a stealth version of contributory fault. Finally, this Essay, written for a symposium celebrating the great tort cases of the 21st century, highlights a recent opinion out of West Virginia that unmasked one such doctrine and appropriately relegated it to the dustbin of history.
Human sense and plant blindness
Authors: Dellino Dario
Published: July 2023

Victoria Welby introduces the concept of “Significs” as a methodology that could bridge the various sciences, theoretical trends, and practices in human experience. “Sense”, “meaning”, and “significance” are the three terms in her most important meaning triad. The first level of meaning, ‘sense’ refers to the generation of meaning processes in terms of organic life and perception. Welby hypothesizes that the organic dimension of sense and its human dimension are closely intertwined. She theorized the need for “plastic language” in a biological sense, which she equated with pragmatic, ethic and aesthetic sense: the relation between word and context could be similar to the one between the organism and its environment. The plastic dimension of verbal language and signs in general is necessary for adaptation, development, and expressivity. A century later Elisabeth Schussler and James Wandersee introduce the concept of “plant blindness” which is a human tendency to ignore, in all “senses”, plant species. Plants are different in all aspects from animals: they are not even considered “individuals”. In the etymological sense “individual” means “not divisible”. Plants are “morphologically” divisible. In this presentation I intend to compare these two concepts and analyse their consequences.
Iron-material-facilitated methane production from anaerobic wastewater treatment
Authors: Wang Ying , He Jichun , Xu Ben Bin , Osman Nahid A , Algadi Hassan , Abo-Dief Hala M , Lu Na , Wasnik Priyanka , Sridhar Deepak , Alanazi Abdullah K , Jiang Qinglong , Qiu Bin , Guo Zhanhu
Published: July 2023

Various iron materials have been used to improve the methane production rate in anaerobic sludge. The effects of iron materials, including zerovalent iron (ZVI), magnetite (iron (II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)) and iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3), on the methane production rate were compared. It was found that all the iron materials could improve the methane production rate, and ZVI, iron (II,III) oxide and iron (III) oxide increased the methane production rate by 19.8, 13.7 and 17.9%, respectively, in which ZVI performed best in improving methane production. Then, the long-term effects of ZVI on the methane production rate of anaerobic organisms were further studied. ZVI increased the methane production rate by 7.2%. The improvement was unstable and decreased due to corrosion and loss of ZVI in the anaerobic wastewater-treatment system. The improved performance was recovered after ZVI was re-added into the anaerobic sludge; the methane production rate increased by 6.1%. The added ZVI obviously enriched the exoelectrogenic archaea Methanobacterium due to its ability of direct interspecific electron transfer, and the relative abundance of Methanobacterium was up to 61.99%. Enhanced direct interspecific electron transfer was revealed as the main mechanism involved in enhanced methanogenesis in anaerobic sludge.
Evolution of structural-phase state and properties of hypereutectoid steel rails at long-term operation
Authors: Porfir’ev M. A. , Gromov V. E. , Kryukov R. E.
Published: July 2023

The methods of modern physical materials science were used to analyze the evolution of microhardness, tribological properties, dislocation substructure and phase composition of the rails with increased wear resistance and contact endurance of DT 400 IR category after missed tonnage of 187 million gross tons on the experimental ring of Russian Railways. It is shown that extremely long-term operation of the rails is accompanied by a decrease (3.1 times) in wear parameter of the rolling surface and an increase (1.4 times) in microhardness, scalar dislocation density (1.5 times) and Fe3C carbide content (1.24 times). Operation of the rails led to a decrease in the crystal lattice parameter, which correlates with an increase in the content of iron carbide. We made the assumptions about physical causes of the change in parameters.
The effectiveness of the complex application of humates and micronutrient fertilizers on the Macleaya x kevensis Turill. and Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R.Br.
Authors: Bykova O. A. , Thaganov R. N. , Thaganov V. R. , Morosov A. I.
Published: July 2023

Relevance. In the arsenal of agents with antibacterial activity, a significant place belongs to preparations based on the raw materials of two types of Macleia - Macleaya x kevensis Turill. and Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R.Br. used both in medical and veterinary practice. It is possible to provide the domestic pharmaceutical industry with these medicinal raw materials in full through the development of methods for increasing yields and adapting Maclea to unstable environmental weather conditions.Material and methods. Experiments to study the effect of the use of humates and microfertilizers on these indicators were laid in the fields of the North Caucasus branch of VILAR in 2019-2021. We studied the morphological and economically valuable traits of two species of Maclea, evaluated the growth rates of plants, the yield of raw materials, the content of alkaloids and their collection per hectare under optimal and dry weather conditions.Results. Differences between the two types of Maclea are established in terms of morphological and economically valuable traits. Maclea heart-shaped palmate-lobed leaves are light green in color, the roots are vertical, round-cylindrical, reaching a depth of 50 cm or more, plant height is 300-350 cm. at a depth of 25-30 cm, plant height 200-250 cm. % versus 0.162-0.164% for the heart-shaped Maclea. The dependence of the growth, development and productivity of two types of Maclea on meteorological conditions has been established. Under the conditions of insufficient water supply and high temperatures, the loss of yield in the first year of vegetation in Macleaya cordata is 14%, in the second year - 6%, in Macleaya x kevensis - 21 and 12%, respectively. Foliar treatments with the Normat L complex with Ferovit in the first year of vegetation contributed to a decrease in crop losses and an increase in the yield of alkaloids per 1 hectare in both types of makley, in the second year, with these treatments, an increase in yield by 7-11% was observed, the collection of alkaloids per hectare increased by 14- 18%.
Computer analysis and rapid assessment of data obtained by measuring residual stresses after vibration-hardening of samples
Authors: Galimov Engel R. , Tyurin Andrey V. , Gimbitsky Artur V.
Published: July 2023

Subject of research: is the use of computer analysis in measuring residual stresses. The purpose of the study is to create a program for evaluating and clustering numerical data obtained during the measurement of residual stresses.

Object of research: is a computer model of experimental data processing. This model uses a modified order of approximation of data received from sensors.

Main results of research: a program of computer analysis and rapid evaluation of numerical data has been developed. With the help of a software product, in the R programming language, calculated and experimental data are processed automatically. In the structure of the mathematical model for calculating residual stresses, a principle of a different order of approximation is introduced, which approximates not the result of multi-stage calculations, but the data obtained from sensors. This solution makes it possible to reduce the error of calculations and increase the adequacy of the model as a whole, and the developed program makes it possible to quickly evaluate the measurement results.
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: approaches to differential diagnosis and potential biomarkers
Authors:   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shapovalova N.S. , Novikova V.P. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Yablokova E.A. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Loshkova E.V. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Erokhina M.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Chibrina E.V. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondratyeva E.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khavkin A.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

The aim of this review was to highlight current approaches to the diagnosis of non-celiac gluten sensitivity. A literature search was performed in PubMed, NCBI (National Library of Medicine), Scopus, and Embase databases using the following key words: “non-celiac gluten sensitivity”, “non-celiac wheat sensitivity” combined with “diagnostics”, “biomarkers”. The selection criteria used were English, human research, and clinical trials. Only articles published in peer-reviewed journals were included in the study. The disadvantages of the currently available diagnostic protocol, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, were presented, among them the difficulties of differential diagnosis in the first step and the problems of gluten provocation in the second. Potential biomarkers were introduced, the determination of which may eventually become an alternative to the current approach. Key words: celiac disease, gluten intolerance, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, wheat allergy, gluten
Mixed Dissipativity Control and Disturbance Rejection for Singular Systems
Authors: Gao Fang , Chen Wenbin
Published: July 2023

In this study, for a linear singular system, the dissipativity and disturbance-rejection problems are considered simultaneously. An improved equivalent-input-disturbance (IEID) method has shown good disturbance-rejection performance for linear systems. Therefore, the objective of this study is to obtain a satisfactory disturbance-rejection performance and dissipativity performance level based on the IEID method for singular systems. First, the influence of exogenous disturbances on the system is estimated based on the IEID method. The estimate is added to the control input channel to offset this influence. A necessary and sufficient condition is obtained to ensure that the singular system is admissible and satisfies dissipativity performance level. Subsequently, a state-feedback controller is designed based on the admissibility condition. Finally, a numerical example is used to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Prediction of Thickness for Plastic Products Based on Terahertz Frequency-Domain Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Tianyao , Li Boyang , Ye Zhipeng , Yan Jianfeng , Zhao Xiaoyan , Zhang Zhaohui
Published: July 2023

A novel method for predicting the thicknesses of plastics based on continuous-wave terahertz (THz) frequency-domain spectroscopy (THz-FDS) is presented in this study. Initially, the target material’s THz refractive index is determined from the phase information provided by the coherent nature of THz-FDS. For thickness prediction, the optimal frequency band with a high signal-to-noise ratio and minor water vapor absorption is chosen first. The optical path along which the THz wave passes through a sample with unknown thickness is extracted from the phase delay information. The physical thickness of the sample is then determined using the calibrated refractive index obtained in the first step. Teflon, a classical plastic material, is utilized to illustrate the proposed process. A remarkable consistency with an overall relative difference of only 0.45% is revealed between the THz-FDS predicted and caliper measured thicknesses. The proposed method is expected to significantly expand the capabilities of THz spectroscopy.
The Impact of Implant Fixation Type on Reoperation Rates Following Endoprosthetic Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Giglio Victoria , Gazendam Aaron , Schneider Patricia , Ghert Michelle , Wilson David ,   on behalf of the PARITY Investigators
Published: July 2023

Background:

Prospective evidence supporting the use of cemented or uncemented implants in endoprosthetic reconstruction is lacking. The present study aimed to determine the effect of cemented fixation compared with uncemented fixation on the rate of all-cause reoperation at 1 year postoperatively.

Methods:

This is a secondary analysis of the Prophylactic Antibiotic Regimens In Tumor Surgery (PARITY) trial. A total of 503 patients who underwent surgical excision and endoprosthetic reconstruction of a lower-extremity bone tumor were included in this analysis. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to assess the independent relationship between fixation group and implant survivorship, with all-cause reoperation as the end point.

Results:

There were 388 cemented implants and 115 uncemented implants. Participants had a mean age of 42.7 years (standard deviation, 22.0 years), and 59% were male. Overall, 131 reoperations were identified over the 1-year follow-up period. There were no significant differences found in all-cause reoperation (hazard ratio [HR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70 to 1.57; p = 0.761), septic reoperation, or aseptic reoperation between cemented and uncemented fixation at 1 year postoperatively. The Cox regression analysis demonstrated that total operative time (HR per hour, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.20; p = 0.019) was an independent predictor of reoperation. The risk of reoperation was lower in patients with benign aggressive disease (HR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.80; p = 0.029) or metastatic bone disease (HR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.85; p = 0.023). Patients who underwent cemented fixation showed clinically meaningful functional improvement at 1 year postoperatively.

Conclusions:

Cemented compared with uncemented fixation has no effect on 1-year all-cause reoperation rates in endoprosthetic reconstruction surgery. Further research is required to investigate the long-term survival of cemented versus uncemented implants.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Resiliensi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Safitri Wahyu Dwi , Susanto Hari Purnomo , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: July 2023

Abstrak— tujuan penelitian ini adalah unutk menghasilkan produk instrumen angket yangvalid dan reliabel untuk mengukur tingkat resiliensi matematis siswa dan mengetahui faktorfaktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat resiliensi matematis siswa berdasarkan angket yangdikembangkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research & Development (R&D).langkah-langkah penelitian pengembangan menggunakan langkah-langkah Sugiyono, yaitu 1)Potensi dan Masalah, 2) Pengumpulan Data, 3) Desain Produk, 4) Validasi Desain, 5) RevisiDesain, 6) Uji Coba Produk Pertama, 7) Revisi Produk 8) Uji Coba Produk Kedua, 9) RevisiProduk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Produk instrumen angket untukmengukur tingkat resiliensi matematis siswa yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteriavalid, 2) Produk instrumen angket untuk mengukur tingkat resiliensi matematis siswa yangdikembangken telah memenuhi kriteria reliabel, dengan reliabilitas 0,915, 3) Faktor yangmempengaruhi tingkat resiliensi matematis siswa pada uji coba pertama terdiri dari 6 variabelyang dikelompokkan menjadi 2 faktor yaitu faktor 1 dengan nilai eigen 3,453% dan faktor 2dengan nilai eigen 1,192%. Pada uji coba kedua terdiri dari 7 variabel yang dikelompokkanmenjadi 2 faktor yaitu faktor 1 dengan nilai eigen sebesar 3,416% dan faktor 2 dengan nilaieigen 1,114%.
Feasibility of 3D Printer to Design an Intracavitary Applicator for the Treatment of Cervical Cancer Patients with a High Dose Rate Brachytherapy System
Authors: Mourya Ankur , Aggarwal Lalit Mohan , Choudhary Sunil , Sharma Neeraj , Mishra Ritusha , Prakash Chandra , Shahi Uday Pratap
Published: July 2023

Purpose
To design Tandem-Ovoid based intracavitary brachytherapy applicator with 3D printer and evaluate its feasibility for the treatment of Cervical Cancer patients with High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy system.
Methods
SolidWorks, Computer Aided design software was used for the design of the intracavitary brachytherapy applicator. Raise3D Printer and Hewlett-Packard (HP) Jet Fusion 4200 was used for printing different parts of applicators with PLA and PA-12 material. Radiograph and CT images of printed material parts were taken in the air and water medium to see the visualization. Before use in the patient, necessary quality assurance tests were carried out by coupling it with a microSelectron HDR machine. X-ray markers were used to visualize the source path inside the uterine and vaginal tandems. Physical and clinical evaluations were performed with prototype 3D-printed applicator to check its suitability for clinical use.
Results
Final Applicator design was created from multiple hit and trial methods in SolidWorks. Printed PA-12 of ovoid parts having a mean Hounsfield unit (HU) value of -75 HU. Whereas the mean HU value of the PLA outer layer and inner regions were − 203 HU and − 417 HU respectively. Quality tests on the PA-12 intracavitary applicator performed with the microSelectron HDR brachytherapy machine were passed. Chances of uterine perforation were less due to the semi-rigidity of the PA-12 applicator. The newly designed T-O-based applicator and dummy marker do not produce any artifacts on the CT images.
Conclusions
Powder-based 3D printing of brachytherapy applicator has more usability as compared to fused deposition-based printer. A low-cost flexible plastic applicator was developed that allowed the user to guide the tandem into the uterus of a patient. The developed PA-12 intracavitary brachytherapy applicator did not produce artifacts on CT images.
Pharmacological and Non-pharmacological Prescribed Methods for Labor and Delivery Pain Relief: a Cross-sectional Study in a Maternity Hospital in Brazil
Authors: Calcagno Juan Ignacio , Iribarren Sarah , Villarreal Cristiane Flora , de Oliveira Patricia Santos , de Ávila Amado Nizarala
Published: July 2023

Improving obstetric outcomes is a global priority. The prescription of non-pharmacological (NPA) or pharmacological analgesia (PA) as well as evidence-based interventions for pain relief are recommended. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate pain and analgesia prescription prevalence among low-risk pregnant women in labor. We used post-labor interviews, assessing pain using Analogue Pain Scale, and medical record reviews, from July to October 2022. Of the 277 participants, 215 (77.61%) were interviewed in the Obstetric Center (OC) and 62 (22.38%) in the midwife-led ward (MLW). In the MLW and OC, the prevalence of NPA prescription was 82.51% and 61.86%, respectively. Mean pain score (PS) in the MLW and OC was 9.09 and 8.93, respectively, on hospital arrival. Severe PS significantly decreased from 84.48% to 61.22% (χ2=21.05) and from 92.16% to 69.50% (χ2=42.04) in the MLW and OC, respectively after NPA. PA prescription rate was 15.81%. Mean PS after PA was 3.41 and severe PS was significantly reduced (χ2=19.05). A significant delay in analgesia prescription was recorded. Request for analgesia was associated with incomplete primary school (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13 – 0.84) and severe pain (OR 8.18, 95%CI 1.91 - 35.02). PA prescription was associated with delivery performed by a team of doctors and nurses (OR 2.20, 95%CI 1.08 -4.49, p 0.02) and time of labor >8 hours (OR 7.45, 95%CI 3.27 – 16.99). Both NPA and PA significantly reduced severe pain. Findings underscore the importance of clinical staff training on appropriate analgesia pain management considering patient preferences, timing, and type of analgesia.
Clinical study on the necessity and feasibility of routine MRCP in patients with cholecystolithiasis before LC
Authors: Guo Xu , Fan Qing , Guo Yiman , Li Xinming , Hu Jili , Wang Zhuoyin , Wang Jing , Li Kai , Zhang Nengwei , Amin Buhe , Zhu Bin
Published: July 2023

Background: In the past quite a long time, intraoperative cholangiography（IOC）was necessary during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Now magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is the main method for diagnosing common bile duct stones (CBDS). Whether MRCP can replace IOC as routine examination before LC is still inconclusive. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical data of patientsundergoing LC for cholecystolithiasis, and to explore the necessity and feasibility of preoperative routine MRCP in patients with cholecystolithiasis.
Methods: According to whether MRCP was performed before operation, 184 patients undergoing LC for cholecystolithiasis in the Department of General Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 were divided into non-MRCP group and MRCP group for this retrospective study. The results of preoperative laboratory test, abdominal ultrasound and MRCP, biliary related comorbidities, surgical complications, hospital stay and hospitalization expenses were compared between the two groups.
Results: Among the 184 patients, there were 83 patients in non-MRCP group and 101 patients in MRCP group. In MRCP group, the detection rates of cholecystolithiasis combined with CBDS and common bile duct dilatation by MRCPwere higher than those by abdominal ultrasound (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in non-MRCP group (8.43%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in MRCP group (0%). There was no significant difference in hospital stay (P > 0.05), but there was significant difference in hospitalization expenses (P < 0.05) between the two groups. According to the stratification of gallbladder stone patients with CBDS, hospital stay and hospitalization expenses were compared, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: The preoperative MRCP can detect CBDS, cystic duct stones and anatomical variants of biliary tract that cannot be diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound, which is helpful to plan the surgical methods and reduce the surgical complications. From the perspective of health economics, routine MRCP in patients with cholecystolithiasis before LC does not increase hospitalization costs, and is necessary and feasible.
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Environmental Impacts and Economic Feasibility: Conventional versus Organic Tomato Cultivation in Northern India
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Bhardwaj Arvind , Singh Lakhwinder Pal , Singh Gurraj , Kumar Anupam , Pattnayak Kanhu Charan
Published: July 2023

To meet the growing demand for vegetable production and promote sustainable agriculture, it is imperative to implement effective input management and adopt eco-friendly farming practices. This study aims to compare the environmental impacts of conventional and organic tomato cultivation in the northern plains of India. This study utilizes SimaPro 9.1.1 software for a comprehensive cradle-to-farm gate Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), assessing production stages, identifying key environmental factors, and incorporating ReCiPe Midpoint and Endpoint methods with one-hectare as a functional unit. Findings reveal that conventional cultivation is more affected by fertilization and transplanting, while organic cultivation emphasizes transplanting and irrigation. Organic cultivation contributes 904.708 kg CO2, while conventional cultivation contributes 1307.917 kg CO2 to Global Warming potential. Switching to organic cultivation leads to a significant 35.04% decrease in all impact categories. Using the endpoint method, organic cultivation achieves a notable 27.16% reduction, scoring 58.30 compared to conventional cultivation's 80.04. The LCA analysis of tomato cultivation highlights fertilization as the predominant environmental concern, emphasizing the need for sustainable techniques to minimize waste and mitigate environmental impacts. This study recommends imposing restrictions on fertilizer and pesticide use, and formulating effective policies to promote the adoption of sustainable practices.
The Impact of Recreational Rhythmic Gymnastics Training on Selective Attention and Working Memory in Women Adults
Authors: Carvalho Natália Martins , Veras Allice Santos Cruz , Teixeira Giovana Rampazzo
Published: July 2023

Rhythmic gymnastics, renowned for its elegance and grace, demands a harmonious blend of physical prowess and cognitive aptitude. This study delves into the realm of recreational rhythmic gymnastics, aiming to assess its impact on selective attention and working memory in adult women. By employing the Stroop and N-Back tasks as executive function tests, we scrutinized the effects of an 8-week intervention period of rhythmic gymnastics. The results yielded significant findings (p < 0.05), particularly in the domains of incongruent answers within the Stroop test and the 2-back task of the N-Back test. Ultimately, our study concludes that engaging in rhythmic gymnastics as a recreational pursuit can effectively enhance both memory and attention in women.
Prognostic effect of nodal status before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: a Dutch population-based study
Authors: de Wild Sabine Rosalie , Koppert Linetta B. , de Munck Linda , Peeters Marie-Jeanne T.F.D. Vrancken , Siesling Sabine , Smidt Marjolein L. , Simons Janine M.
Published: July 2023

Purpose
In breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) can downstage the nodal status, and can even result in a pathological complete response, which is associated with improved prognosis. This study aimed to determine the prognostic effect of nodal status before and after NAC.
Methods
Women with breast cancer treated with NAC were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry if diagnosed between 2005–2019, and classified based on nodal status before NAC: node-negative (cN0), or node-positive based on fine needle aspiration cytology or core needle biopsy (cN+). Subgroups were based on nodal status after NAC: absence (ypN0) or presence (ypN+) of nodal disease. Five-year overall survival (OS) was assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, also per breast cancer molecular subtype. To adjust for potential confounders, multivariable analyses were performed.
Results
A total of 6,580 patients were included in the cN0 group, and 11,878 in the cN + group. The 5-year OS of the cN0ypN0-subgroup was statistically significant better than that of the cN + ypN0-subgroup (94.4% versus 90.1%, p < 0.0001). In cN0 as well as cN + disease, ypN + had a statistically significant worse 5-year OS compared to ypN0. For hormone receptor (HR) + human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-, HR + HER2+, HR-HER2+, and triple negative disease, respectively, 5-year OS in the cN0ypN+-subgroup was 89.7%, 90.4%, 73.7%, and 53.6%, and in the cN + ypN+-subgroup 84.7%, 83.2%, 61.4%, and 48.8%. In multivariable analyses, cN + and ypN + disease were both associated with worse OS.
Conclusion
This study suggests that both cN-status and ypN-status, and molecular subtype should be considered to further improve prognostication.
Exceptional points in the Baxter-Fendley free parafermion model
Authors: Henry Robert , Batchelor Murray
Published: July 2023

Certain spin chains, such as the quantum Ising chain, have free fermion spectra which can be expressed as the sum of decoupled two-level fermionic systems. Free parafermions are a generalisation of this idea to \mathbb{Z}_NℤN-symmetric clock models. In 1989 Baxter discovered a non-Hermitian but \mathcal{PT}𝒫𝒯-symmetric model directly generalising the Ising chain, which was later described by Fendley as a free parafermion spectrum. By extending the model’s magnetic field parameter to the complex plane, it is shown that a series of exceptional points emerges, where the quasienergies defining the free spectrum become degenerate. An analytic expression for the locations of these points is derived, and various numerical investigations are performed. These exceptional points also exist in the Ising chain with a complex transverse field. Although the model is not in general \mathcal{PT}𝒫𝒯-symmetric at these exceptional points, their proximity can have a profound impact on the model on the \mathcal{PT}𝒫𝒯-symmetric real line. Furthermore, in certain cases an exceptional point may appear on the real line (with negative field).
The Effect of the Tea Ceremony Meditation Program on the Self-Efficacy of Young Children
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Lee Yong-Gyo , Moon Geum-Ja
Published: July 2023

In this study, the purpose of the study was to develop a tea ceremony meditation program that maximizes meditation through the process of tea life, tea preparation, tea ceremony, tea drinking. In order to accomplish the purpose of this study, we watched he tea ceremony meditation program how to make self-control and the self-efficacy in children. In order to accomplish the purpose of this study, 26 kindergartens were selected as experiment group from March 2014 to March 2015 and 23 kindergartens were selected as control group. The experimental group applied the tea ceremony meditation program developed in this study, but the control group did not take any action. Before the meditation program was applied to infants, the independent sample t-test was conducted on the sub-items of self-regulation and self-efficacy in order to secure group homogeneity. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 to solve the research problem of this study. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, as a result of applying the tea ceremony meditation program, it was found that the posttest score of total self-control and the sub-actors of self-control ability (plan, check and evaluate, emotion recognition, emotion suppression, dealing with emotion), As a result of the verification the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group. Therefore, it can be seen that the experimental group applying the tea ceremony meditation program is effective in improving the self-control ability. Second, as a result of applying the tea ceremony meditation program, t-test on post-test scores of post-test scores and self-efficacy sub-factors (cognitive, physical ,social and emotional parts) were significantly higher than the group. Therefore, it can be seen that it is effective to improve the self-efficacy of the experimental group applying the tea ceremony meditation program.
The Elementary Students' Awareness of Service Activities and the Current State Analysis
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Kyoo Eun
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this research is to examine what attitude elementary students have toward service activities when they volunteer for the activities, and to seek for effective instruction on the service activities in an elementary school.
For this, the concept, the changing pattern, and the precedent studies of service activities were briefly reviewed, and a survey was conducted among the sixth grade students(345 students) in an elementary school. The results suggested that the following problems should be solved in order to promote the service activities in an elementary school in the future.
First, to change the way the elementary school students understand service activities, the instruction on the way to understand and perform service activities, the need, and the procedures to participate in the activities should be given.
Second, the service activities should be deliberately planned and guided by a school because they are one of the learning activities that help students form desirable personality through experiences.
Third, it is required that diversified program for service activities should be developed for elementary school students to participate in.
Fourth, as the lack of understanding the organizations or groups in need of service activities hindered the promotion of service activities, the measures against it should be prepared in order to attract the vigorous and active participation of students in service activities.
A study on the development of primary art textbooks of 2007 Korean National Curriculum
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Jooyon
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was 1) to analyze the content of primary art textbook for grade 3 & 4, and 2) to suggest the idea for the content organization of art textbook for grade 5 & 6. The new curriculum, called 2007 (rev.) Korean National Art Curriculum has been activated in the primary classroom along with government-designated primary art textbook for grade 3 & 4 since 2010. The primary art textbooks were developed mainly by the government(the Ministry of Education(ME), the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development(MEHRD), currently the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology(MEST)) and Korea Institute for Curriculum and Evaluation(KICE) until 2010. Now the primary art textbook screening system for grade 5 & 6 has been changed to government-authorized, and there is every possibility of reflecting multiple standpoint. The challenge of developing art textbooks is as follows: First, the confirmity of interpreting the curriculum should be ensured by the screening system for government-authorized textbooks. Second, well-prepared and systematically- organized content component and formation should be based.
Ut av barnehagen! Sosial og kulturell bærekraft gjennom ekspedisjoner i nærmiljøet
Authors: Bakken Yvonne
Published: July 2023

This chapter aims to show how exploration and experiences of kindergarten’s local surroundings can promote education for sustainable development. I simply give four good reasons for staff to get children outside of the kindergarten fences: belonging, community, place-based learning, and social equalisation.

These concepts form the theoretical basis, in which I further link to the EID (Environmental Identity Development) model I have adapted from Green et al. (2016). It is a framework that details how children can develop social and cultural awareness with the support of adults. I have interviewed five kindergarten teachers and analyzed the conversations using directed content analysis.

The concepts I explain briefly in the theory section build on each other, so that these concepts form a development in environmental (i.e. social) awareness. The examples from my informants put into the EID model show how one can gradually facilitate learning – in, to, about, and for – social and cultural sustainability.
White Man’s Burden(ed) by Others: Reading Chinua Achebe and Analysing Rudyard Kipling
Authors: Rakesh Ayushi
Published: July 2023

The chosen article by Chinua Achebe brought a hugely different angle of Conrad’s Heart of Darkness i.e., the racist angle. He mentioned the keyways a text becomes so oblivious that readers ‘normalize’ the racist angle of the novella. In Conrad’s critically acclaimed works, there is covert racism that Achebe pointed out to the global audience. Even as a reader from ‘Orient’ it took me some time to absorb the obvious fact staring right into the face of every reader. Achebe presents the very understanding of African culture, and it is absolute mockery by a renowned writer like Joseph Conrad. The major question here then arises is, what is culture?
SAIL: Semantic Analysis of Information in Light Fields: Results from Synthetic and Real-World Data
Authors:   Saarland University, Saarland Informatics Campus, Germany 66123, Saarbrücken, Saarland, Kremer Robin , Herfet Thorsten ,   Saarland University, Saarland Informatics Campus, Germany 66123, Saarbrücken, Saarland
Published: July 2023

Computational photography has revolutionized the way we capture and interpret images. Light fields, in particular, offer a rich representation of a scene"s geometry and appearance by encoding both spatial and angular information. In this paper, we present a novel approach to light field analysis that focuses on semantics. In contrast to the uniform distribution of samples in two-dimensional images, the distribution of samples in light fields varies for different scene regions. Some points are sampled from multiple directions, while others may only be captured by a small portion of the light field array. Our approach provides insights into this non-uniform distribution and helps guide further processing steps to fully leverage the available information content.