bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and risk behaviours of camel brucellosis transmission in the peri-urban dairy basin of Niamey, Niger
Authors: Tanimoun Harouna Mahamadou , Ndour Andrée Prisca Ndjoug , Gagara Haladou , Akakpo Ayayi Justin , Bada-Alambedji Rianatou
Published: June 2021

Considered as one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world and dangerous for human and animal health, brucellosis has been studied mainly in cattle and small ruminants but rarely in camels. The lack of data in Niger on this pathology in camels has aroused particular interest given the breeding method and the dietary habits of urban and peri-urban consumers. It is in this context that we conducted the first cross-sectional study on camel brucellosis in Niger, in the peri-urban dairy basin of Niamey. The general objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of camel brucellosis and the risk behaviours for its transmission at the animal-human interface. Thus, 275 serum samples and 75 camel milk samples were collected from 20 farms in 11 peri-urban localities of Niamey. The serum samples were analysed by 2 methods, namely the Rose Bengal test and indirect ELISA. The overall seroprevalence obtained with the serum samples was 4%. All 75 milk samples tested by indirect ELISA were negative. In addition, 30 camel farmers were surveyed to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding brucellosis. The survey revealed that 96.7% of the farmers were not aware of brucellosis, the species affected and the modes of transmission. Most of participants stated that camels were in frequent contact with sheep, goats, cattle, and other species. In case of abortion, the placenta and runt are handled with bare hands and sometimes buried or thrown away. All respondents consumed raw camel milk and stated that the milk sold is not pasteurised. These elements constitute risk behaviours for the transmission of this zoonosis and urgent measures should be taken. However, epidemiological investigations must be carried out continuously in order to monitor the evolution of this major zoonosis and to establish an adapted prophylaxis that takes into account this species, in order to protect the herd but also public health.

Keywords: Camel brucellosis, seroprevalence, lacto-prevalence, KAP study, Niamey-Niger.
Effets du travail du sol et de la fertilisation organo-minérale sur les rendements du mil en zone soudano-sahélienne du Burkina Faso
Authors: Pale Siébou , Barro Albert , Koumbem Mahamoudou , Sere Aïda , Traore Hamidou
Published: June 2021

Le mil est la deuxième importante céréale cultivée au Burkina Faso après le sorgho. Ces dernières années, les rendements sont en baisse du fait de la pauvreté des sols et des aléas climatiques. Cette étude réalisée en 2018 et 2019 à la Station de Recherches de Saria avait pour objectif d’identifier des technologies de gestion de l’eau et de la fertilisation qui optimisent les rendements du mil. Le dispositif expérimental était un bloc complétement randomisé avec une disposition des traitements en split-plot et trois répétitions où les parcelles principales correspondaient à quatre niveaux de travail du sol et les parcelles secondaires à huit niveaux de fertilisation minérale avec ou sans compost. Les résultats ont montré que l’utilisation du compost plus les engrais minéraux ont permis des gains de 338 à 502 kg ha-1 pour le grain et de 657 à 947 kg ha-1 pour la paille. Le labour a engendré des gains de 266 à 635 kg ha-1 pour le grain et de 381 à 601 kg ha-1 pour la paille. Ces résultats permettent de recommander le labour avec une fertilisation organique et minérale pour optimiser les rendements du mil dans la zone soudano-sahélienne du Burkina Faso.Mots clés : Labour, zaï manuel, billonnage cloisonné, compost, Station de Recherches de Saria

 

Effects of tillage and organo-mineral fertilization on yields of pearl millet in the Soudano-sahelian zone of Burkina FasoABSTRACTPearl millet is the second important cereal crop cultivated in Burkina Faso after sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. In recent years, farmers failed to achieve good yields because of low productivity resulting from soil poverty and climatic risks. This study was carried out at Saria Research Station in 2018 and 2019 and aimed at finding the best combination of water management techniques and fertilizers to optimize pearl millet yields. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements of treatments and three replications. The main plot was tillage method with four levels and the sub-plot was fertilization with eight levels consisting of mineral fertilizers with or without compost. Results showed that the addition of compost to mineral fertilizers resulted in yield increases from 338 to 502 kg ha-1 for grain and 657 to 947 kg ha-1 for stover. The use of plough increased grain yield from 266 to 635 kg ha-1 and stover from 381 to 601 kg ha-1. These results indicate that the use of compost plus mineral fertilizers and plough that optimize pearl millet yields can be recommended for pearl millet production in the Sudano-sahelian zone of Burkina Faso.© 2021 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Plough, manual zaï, tied-ridging, compost, Saria Research Station.
Facteurs déterminants l’adoption des mesures de gestion intégrée de la fertilité des sols (GIFS) au nord du Bénin : une application du modèle probit multivarié au cas de producteurs de maïs
Authors: Adekambi Souleïmane A. , Codjovi Jean Eudes A. , Yabi Jacob A.
Published: June 2021

La baisse du niveau de fertilité des terres cultivables du fait des pratiques agricoles inadaptées, de la déforestation et du changement climatique reste l’une des contraintes majeures de l’agriculture béninoise. Les mesures de Gestion Intégrée de la Fertilité des Sols (GIFS) en sont une des approches de gestion durales des terres à l’échelle des exploitations agricoles. Ainsi, l’étude a fait usage d’un modèle probit multivarié pour identifier les déterminants de l’adoption des mesures de GIFS au sein des exploitations agricoles productrices de maïs au Nord-Bénin. Elle a été conduite sur un échantillon de 100 producteurs de maïs sélectionnés suivant un sondage aléatoire stratifié. Les résultats ont révélé l’existence d’une interdépendance et de complémentarités dans l’adoption des différentes mesures de GIFS. Aussi, la majorité des producteurs de maïs enquêtés préfèrent adopter une combinaison de deux mesures de GIFS (32%) ou de trois mesures (26%). Par ailleurs, la distance du village au champ, l’appartenance à un groupement, le contact avec la vulgarisation, la superficie  emblavée en maïs, la taille du cheptel et le nombre d’actifs agricoles restent les principaux facteurs déterminants l’adoption de ces mesures de GIFS par les producteurs.Mots clés : Bénin, changement climatique, gestion durable des terres, Gestion Intégrée de la Fertilité des Sols, pratiques agricoles, probit multivarié.

English title: Adoption of integrated soil fertility management measures in northern Benin: an application of the multivariate probit model to the case of maize producers

The decline in the level of fertility of arable land due to unsuitable agricultural practices, deforestation and climate change remains one of the major constraints of agriculture in Benin. Integrated Soil Fertility Management measures (GIFS) are one of the sustainable land management approaches that have been promoted at the level of farmers’ communities. Thus, the study made use of a multivariate probit model to identify the determinants of the adoption of GIFS measures within maize-producing farms in North Benin. It was carried out on a sample of 100 maize farmers selected following a stratified random survey. The results revealed the existence of interdependence and complementarities in the adoption of different GIFS measures. The majority of maize producers surveyed prefer to adopt a combination of two (32%) or three GIFS measures (26%). In addition, the distance from the village to the field, the membership of a group, the contact with the extension service, the area sown with maize, the size of the herd and the number of agricultural workers were identified as the important factors determining the adoption of these GIFS methods by producers.Keywords: Benin, climate change, sustainable land management, Integrated Soil Fertility Management measures, agricultural practices, multivariate probit.
Paramètres de structure, état phénologique de Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum. et diversité spécifique des essences accompagnatrices dans la forêt du Sud-Est Cameroun
Authors: Oumar Abakar , Choula Fridolin , Fotsop Oscar Wamba , Priso Richard Jules , Taffouo Victor Désiré
Published: June 2021

Dans le but de gérer durablement les essences forestières du Bassin du Congo où il est noté une insuffisance des connaissances biologiques et écologiques sur la plupart des essences, une étude sur les paramètres de structure et l’état phénologique de Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum. (Ayous) et la diversité spécifique des essences accompagnatrices a été entreprise dans le Sud-Est Cameroun. Un inventaire floristique a permis de compter tous les individus de T. scleroxylon et des essences accompagnatrices ayant un diamètre à hauteur de poitrine (DHP) supérieur ou égale à 10 cm. Les paramètres de structure ainsi que l’état phénologique ont été observés ou mesurés. La richesse spécifique des essences accompagnatrices dans la parcelle permanente et sur le parcours phénologique se compose de 46 espèces réparties dans 20 familles et 39 genres. L’indice de diversité de Shannon-Weaver (4,61) et celui de l’Equitabilité de Piélou (0,83) sont élevés dans la parcelle étudiée comme dans l’ensemble des forêts tropicales. Les DHP des individus de T. scleroxylon varient de 80 à 130 cm avec une moyenne de 110±29,33 cm. La hauteur moyenne du fût est de 14,09 ± 2,55 m. La densité de T. scleroxylon observée dans la parcelle est 11 individus/ha. Ces résultats servent comme des données scientifiques sur la dynamique des individus de T. scleroxylon et des essences forestières accompagnatrices du bassin du Congo.Mots clés : Inventaire floristique, paramètres de structure, état phénologique, diversité spécifique, Triplochiton scleroxylon, bassin du congo.
Production de matières premières et fabrication des médicaments à base de plantes médicinales
Authors: Ouedraogo Salfo , Yoda Jules , Traore Tata Kadiatou , Nitiema Mathieu , Sombie Bavouma C. , Diawara Hermine Zime , Yameogo Josias B.G. , Djande Abdoulaye , Belemnaba Lazare , Kini Félix B. , Ouedraogo Sylvin , Semde Rasmané
Published: June 2021

Les plantes constituent un réservoir pour les pharmacopées du monde. Plusieurs médicaments importants sont fabriqués à partir des substances actives d’origine végétales. En outre de nombreux médicaments modernes ont été fabriqués à partir de ces matières premières. Les plantes médicinales sont utilisées directement sous forme fraîche, sèche ou transformée, stabilisée, ou extrait ou formulée avec d’autres plantes ou excipients de synthèse. Dans tous les cas, la matière végétale utilisée pour fabriquer la forme posologique doit faire preuve de son efficacité, son innocuité et être de qualité conforme aux exigences de la Pharmacopée Européenne pour les phytomédicaments, garantissant ainsi sa sécurité d’emploi. Pour ce faire, l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) a mis à la disposition des états membres des guides et standards permettant d’harmoniser et de sécuriser leur utilisation. Ainsi de nombreux pays africains ont adopté ces outils après des modifications appropriées pour faire progresser la recherche et le développement (R&D) de médicaments à base de plante. Le but de ce travail était de faire une synthèse des différentes étapes de production, de contrôle qualité et de  standardisation des matières premières issues des plantes médicinales et des médicaments à base de plantes médicinales.Mots clés : Pharmacopée, médicaments, médecine traditionnelle, sécurité d’emploi, phytomédicaments.

English title: Production of raw materials and manufacturing of drugs from medicinal plants

Plants are a reservoir for the world's pharmacopoeias. Several important medicines are made from active substances of plant origin. In addition, many modern medicines have been made from these raw materials. Medicinal plants are used directly in fresh, dry or processed, stabilized, or extracted form or formulated with other plants or synthetic excipients. In all cases, the herbal material used to manufacture the dosage form must demonstrate its efficacy, safety and be of a quality that meets the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia for phytomedicines, thus ensuring its safe use. To this end, the World Health Organization (WHO) has made available to Member States guides and standards to harmonize and secure their use. Thus, many African countries have adopted these tools after appropriate modifications to advance research and development (R&D) of plant-based drugs. The aim of this work was to make a synthesis of the different stages of production, quality control and standardization of raw materials from medicinal plants and herbal medicines.Keywords: Pharmacopoeia, drugs, traditional medicine, safe use, phytomedicines.
Review on Newcastle disease in poultry
Authors: Dzogbema Koffi Francois-Xavier , Talaki Essodina , Batawui Komlan B. , Dao Balabadi B.
Published: June 2021

Newcastle disease is an infectious disease of poultry caused by an avian Paramyxovirus type I that affects more than two hundred avian species. It is an enzootic disease in parts of Asia, Africa, the Middle East and some countries in South America. Isolated outbreaks of Newcastle disease occur sporadically in some European countries and Central America. This review synthesizes available information on the virus and the disease it causes. The disease is transmitted by direct contact with infected animals or by indirect contact through inanimate carriers. The incubation period of the disease varied from 2 to 15 days. Five pathotypes were distinguished according to the incidence and severity of the clinical signs. Velogenic strains, which are the most virulent, can cause 100% mortality in unprotected herds. Control measures are based on mass vaccination of susceptible animals and the application of biosecurity measures in poultry farms. Regulations are also put in place to prevent the introduction of the virus into countries free of the disease.Keywords: Poultry, paramyxovirus, Newcastle disease, panzootie, mortality.
Composition of native and alien invasive species in soil seed banks of five different physiognomies in Akure Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinkuolie Ayomiposi Olayinka , Sanni Rafiu Olugbenga , Isichei Augustine. O. , Oke Samson. O.
Published: June 2021

The study investigated the composition of native and alien invasive species in soil seed banks of five different vegetation physiognomies in Akure Forest Reserve Ondo State, Nigeria. This was done with a view to determining and providing an insight into the population dynamics of alien, invasive species for subsequent prediction of potential plant population of the extant population. Five distinct sites (Natural forest, Teak plantation, Taungya system, Taungya + Teak + Gmelina and Teak + Gmelina + Pinus Plantation) designated as A, B, C, D and E were selected in the Forest Reserve. Two plots 25 m x 25 m each were selected for sampling in each of the five distinct physiognomies. Five replicates soil samples were randomly collected at 0-15 cm soil depth in dry and rainy seasons in each site and they were subjected to seedlings emergence for six months to determine the density and species composition (natives or aliens and percentage contribution) of the seed bank. The results of the seedling emergence revealed that the seed bank was dominated by herbaceous stems and also the proportion of aliens to natives was low. Analysis of variance revealed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the density of both the aliens and native species in sites A, B and C indicating similarities in the seed bank density of the aliens and natives in the three sites while in sites D and E, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) indicating dissimilarity in the seed bank density of the aliens and natives in the two sites.Keywords: Plant Ecology, Forest, Seedling Emergence, Seed Bank, Alien Species, Conservation.
Etude de l’effet d’un régime riche en huile de palme sur l’expression génétique des facteurs myogéniques
Authors: Gauze-Gnagne Chantal , Monde Absalome , Camara-Cisse Massara , Djohan Youzan Ferdinand , Koffi Gervais , Pellicer Audrey , Raynaud Fabrice , Seyer Pascal , Lauret Céline , Morena Marion , Feillet-Coudray Christine , Coudray Charles , Tiahou Georges , Kati-Coulibaly Séraphin , Cristol Jean Paul , Badia Eric
Published: June 2021

Un niveau élevé d'acides gras saturés (AGS) dans le sang a un effet délétère sur les muscles squelettiques en inhibant à la fois la régénération des fibres musculaires et la synthèse des protéines musculaires. Du fait de sa richesse en AGS, l’huile de palme est controversée. Cette étude avait pour objectif d’étudier l’effet d’un régime riche en huile de palme (brute et raffinée) sur l’expression des facteurs myogéniques dans le muscle de rats sédentaires et le comparer avec un régime riche en huile d’olive et en Lard. Quarante rats mâles Wistar ont été répartis en 5 groupes de 8 rats chacun : 1 groupe témoin et 4 groupes nourris par des régimes riches en graisse (HFD) contenant respectivement de l’huile de palme brute, de l’huile de palme raffinée, de l’huile d’olive et du lard. Après 12 semaines de régime, les rats ont été sacrifiés et les tissus prélevés L'expression de Pax7, Myf5, MyoD et MyoG a été évaluée par RT-qPCR dans les muscles gastrocnémiens. Aucune différence significative n’a été observée entre régime témoin et HFD concernant les expressions de Pax7, Myf5 et MyoG. L’expression de MyoD s’est avérée significativement plus élevée dans les animaux HFD (p=0,0004) par rapport au témoin ; en particulier dans le régime riche en huile d’olive par rapport aux autres régimes HFD (p=0,05). Aucune altération significative de l’expression des gènes des facteurs de régulation myogénique n’a été observée avec l’huile de palme sous ses 2 formes, brute et raffinée. En conclusion, l’huile de palme, malgré sa richesse en AGS, n’a pas d’effet délétère sur la régénération du muscle squelettique.Mots clés : Régime riche graisses, muscle squelettique, Pax7, Myf5, MyoD, MyoG.
Cartographie et quantification de la perte du couvert forestier dans les parcs nationaux du Sud de la République d'Haïti de 1985 à 2018 : rôle des activités agricoles locales
Authors: Salomon Waselin , Sikuzani Yannick Useni , Kouakou Akoua Tamia Madeleine , Barima Yao Sadaiou Sabas , Theodat Jean Marie , Bogaert Jan
Published: June 2021

En Haïti, les parcs nationaux ont été créés pour préserver les rares massifs forestiers qui sont constamment menacés par l'agriculture et l'élevage. Toutefois, des études scientifiques sur la dynamique paysagère des écosystèmes forestiers des parcs d’Haïti ont reçu peu d’attention. Cette étude a pour objectif de cartographier et quantifier la perte de couverture forestière dans les parcs nationaux naturels de la Forêt des Pins (PNN-FP2), de La-visite (PNN-LV) et de Macaya (PNN-M) de 1985 à 2018. Une analyse diachronique, grâce à la classification supervisée des images Landsat appuyée sur les outils d'analyse de l'écologie du paysage, a été réalisée. Les résultats montrent une dynamique paysagère matérialisée par des pertes du couvert forestier de 56%, 36% et 46% respectivement au sein du PNN-FP2, PNN-LV et PNN-M entre 1985 à 2018, à travers la dissection et la fragmentation des taches par opposition à la dynamique progressive des surfaces agricoles et du sol nu sous-tendue par la création et l'agrégation des taches. Les taux annuels de déforestation, importants entre 1998/1999-2017/2018, ont varié entre -0,09% et -2,72% selon les parcs. Etant donné que les paysages de ces trois parcs nationaux étudiés sont très dynamiques, il est urgent d'adopter une politique de leur conservation soutenue par des mesures de développement socio-économique local.

Mots clés : Couverture forestière, pratiques agricoles, déforestation, ecologie du paysage, aires protégées, Haïti.
Investigation of the Nodularisation Propensity of Calcined Cashew-Nut Shell-Ash in Cast-Iron Melt Graphite
Authors: Sekunowo O.I. , Ugboaja J.O. , Tiamiyu J.A.
Published: June 2021

Production of ductile iron using ferrosilicon-magnesium master alloy in melt treatment is currently fraught with challenges bothering on cost and availability. In this study the suitability of cashew nut shells ash (CNSA) as a viable alternative to magnesium master alloys employed in the treatment of molten cast iron for enhanced mechanical properties was studied. The carbonized CNSA used varied from 2-10 wt. % to treat different heat batches; CA1-CA5 containing varied amount of CNSA, CaO and FeSi in the molten cast iron. The cast samples were subjected to both mechanical characterisation (tensile, hardness and impact) and microstructural analysis using Instron electromechanical machine, impact tester and scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS). Results show that the 8 wt. % CNSA addition demonstrated the best mechanical properties comparable to ASTM A536 ferritic ductile cast iron. Specifically, the 8 wt. % CNSA cast samples exhibited 433 MPa tensile strength, 144HRC hardness and ductility of 14.7%. Contributions to improved mechanical properties may be attributed to the development of sufficient fractions of graphite nodules during melt treatment with CNSA. These outcomes are a boost both to the production of quality ductile irons and a cleaner environment.

Keywords: Nodularisation, ductile-iron, cashew-nut, ferrosilicon-magnesium alloy, mechanical properties
Effects of Polyethylene Terephthalate and Crumb Rubber on Selected Properties of Asphaltic Concrete
Authors: Ola B.T. , Mohammed H.
Published: June 2021

This study investigated the combined effects of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and crumb rubber (CR) as modifiers on some properties of asphaltic concrete. Asphaltic concrete materials were obtained from a construction site. CR of 9.5 mm size was obtained by sieving, while PET bottles were collected, sorted, washed, dried and shredded by mechanical means. The physical properties of these materials were determined following standard procedure. Bitumen was modified by wet process with PET and characterised. Asphaltic concrete samples with partial replacement of coarse aggregate in the mix with CR were prepared. Samples without modifiers were also prepared as control. These were subjected to Marshall Stability test. The percentage variation for stability and flow between the control and the modified mixes, were 27 % and 0.29 % respectively, while those of the volumetric properties of bulk density, voids filled bitumen (VFB), air voids (VA) and voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) were 0 %, - 0.13 %, 0 % and 0 % respectively. It was concluded that, there was no  difference between the flow and volumetric properties of the control and modified mixes.

Keywords:  Polyethylene terephthalate, crumb rubber, asphaltic concrete, stability, flow, volumetric parameters
Effect of Extraction Methods and Storage Time on the Yield and Qualities of Neem Seed (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) Oil
Authors: Hussein J.B. , Ilesanmi J.O.Y. , Yahuza H.A. , Nkama I.
Published: June 2021

The effects of extraction methods and time of storage on the yield and qualities of neem seed oil were investigated. Three extraction methods: cold water, hot water, and n-hexane were used while the extracted oils were stored at room temperature for six months. The yield, chemical properties, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of the fresh and stored oils were evaluated at every two-month interval using standard methods. The results showed that n-hexane gave the highest oil yield (62 %), followed by hot water (49 %), and cold water (42 %). The chemical properties ranged as follows; peroxide value: (7.02–25.56, 6.30–26.76 and 8.99–24.16 Meq/kg), saponification value: (133.95–245.26, 114.09–288.09 and 141.11–250.12 mg KOH/g oil), iodine value: (51.69–6.98, 56.73–7.88 and 54.87–9.51 mg/wij’s) and acid value: (18.01–55.99, 11.34–85.12 and 14.62–56.88 mg KOH/g oil) for cold water, hot water, and n-hexane respectively. The qualitative phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, triterpenoid, and steroid contents. Conclusively, the extraction methods and storage time affect the yield and qualities of the extracted neem seed oil, while the chemical and phytochemical results revealed that the extracted oils were good for both medical and industrial applications.

Keywords:  Neem seeds, oils, extraction methods, storage time, chemical and phytochemical properties
Notes on vultures (Cathartidae) in Paraguay with a supporting bibliography
Authors: Smith Paul
Published: June 2021

Paraguay is often overlooked by ornithological researchers as much of its literature is obscure, hard to find or published locally. This is equally true of Cathartid vultures. In an effort to bring this information to a wider audience, we provide a summary of the published Paraguayan literature for each of the four species of vultures that occur in the country, including a history of vulture studies, folklore, a local synonymy and an attempt at a complete bibliography
An overview of the first international symposium on the Rüppell’s Vulture in the Mediterranean region, 24th March 2021
Authors: Garrido Jose Rafael , Martín-Martín Justo , Sousa Helena Clavero
Published: June 2021

No Abstract
Entre o público e o privado
Authors: Borges Rosângela Rodrigues
Published: June 2021

Considerando o contexto do ensino remoto, o objetivo deste ensaio é refletir acerca das novas formas de organização do trabalho no âmbito educacional tratando especificamente das instâncias pública e privada aqui entendidas como espaços sociais e historicamente constituídos: a casa/o lar, a escola/a sala de aula. Tomo como conhecidos fundamentos teóricos da Pedagogia dos Multiletramentos, proposta pelo Grupo de Nova Londres (1996), acerca da educação necessária a estudantes num mundo globalizado e em constante transformação tecnológica, para dar atenção ao mundo do trabalho do professor, lançando um olhar para as implicações da inserção das tecnologias como ferramenta de trabalho no contexto educacional, decorrentes da adoção do ensino remoto. Explorando os sentidos do par opositivo público e privado, destaco, como conclusão, que a ruptura das fronteiras dessas duas instâncias estão provocando a uberização do trabalho docente com o autofinanciamento de recursos para ministrar aula, a perda do espaço privado (lar e sala de aula) e da autonomia com o monitoramento do fazer docente no ensino remoto.
Por um mundo diverso cultural/linguisticamente
Authors: Grando Roziane Keila
Published: June 2021

Somos frequentemente afetados por discursos de exclusão veiculados nas mídias de massa. E a inclusão acerca dos temas sobre as identidades sociais requer cada vez mais atenção dos professores de línguas. O intuito neste texto é retomar pontos centrais do Manifesto dos Multiletramentos e discutir a necessidade de uma educação linguística, para o contexto brasileiro, a partir dos pressupostos da pedagogia dos multiletramentos, a fim refletir a respeito do trabalho com as identidades sociais no ensino de línguas. A reflexão está pautada na necessidade de uma perspectiva de letramento que saia de uma formação para o indivíduo, direcionando o envolvimento do sujeito na comunidade, o que é possível com a pedagogia dos multiletramentos, desde que a multimodalidade e a multiculturalidade sejam vistas de maneira conjunta.
Uporaba neonikotinoida i praćenje njihovih rezidua u medonosnim pčelama i pčelinjim proizvodima
Authors: Pavliček Damir , Bilandžić Nina , Tlak Gajger Ivana , Denžić Lugomer Marija
Published: June 2021

Uporaba pesticida na poljoprivrednim usjevima često se povezuje s masovnim ugibanjem ili slabljenjem pčelinjih zajednica zbog otrovanja. Pesticidi iz skupine neonikotinoida, zahvaljujući svojim karakteristikama poput visoke toksičnosti za kukce odnosno niske za kralježnjake te visoke učinkovitosti i sistemične aktivnosti u biljkama postala je najupotrebljivanija vrsta insekticida u posljednjih 20 godina. U osnovnoj strukturi sadrže nitrometilensku, nitroiminsku ili cijanoiminsku funkcionalnu skupinu, a glavni predstavnik je imidakloprid, drugi najprodavaniji pesticid na svijetu, poslije glifosata. Prema mehanizmu djelovanja, neonikotinoidi su agonisti postsinaptičkog nikotin acetilkolinskog receptora u centralnom živčanom sustavu kukaca, gdje blokadom prijenosa signala izazivaju dezorijentaciju, paralizu ili čak njihovo uginuće. Rezidue neonikotinoida prisutne su i u peludu i u nektaru biljaka, što je glavni izvor prirodne hrane za pčele, koje ih skupljačkom aktivnošću odnose i pohranjuju u košnicama. Sve veći broj istraživanja opisuje kako koncentracije ovih insekticida negativno utječu na ponašanje i zdravlje zajednica medonosnih pčela. Iz tog razloga Europska Komisija je, na temelju izvješća o procjeni štetnosti ovih pesticida, u protekle tri godine zabranila uporabu klotianidina, imidakloprida, tiametoksama i tiakloprida na svim otvorenim površinama, uz izuzetak staklenika, u zemljama članicama Europske unije. U ovom preglednom radu, osim glavnih značajki neonikotinoida, dan je uvid u razvoj i implementaciju pouzdanih analitičkih metoda za određivanje njihovih rezidua u pčelama i pčelinjim proizvodima, kao i izazov koji pritom predstavlja kompleksnost matrica zbog prisutnosti voska, proteina te drugih interferirajućih tvari.
On Counteracting the Investigation of Prison-Related Crimes: Features of the Preliminary Stage
Authors: AKCHURIN ALEKSANDR V.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: the article analyzes the content and typical methods and ways that convicts, suspects, and defendants held in correctional institutions and pre-trial detention centers use to counter the investigation of penitentiary crimes. Aim: using the analysis of investigative and judicial practice for criminal cases initiated against persons who committed crimes while in custody or while serving their prison terms, we make an attempt to identify the most distinctive features of counteracting the investigation of prisonrelated crimes. Methods: dialectical method of cognition, general scientific methods of analysis and generalization, empirical methods of description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic. Results: using a scientific approach that highlights the preliminary stage of investigation of crimes, we reveal some typical counteraction techniques used by prison offenders. Conclusions: destruction, concealment, staging, and falsification are among the most popular methods used directly by offenders to prevent prison-related crimes from being solved. The indirect attitude of offenders toward counteracting the investigation of prison-related crimes is successfully implemented by creating a crowd effect, as well as using the media and the activities of human rights organizations.
Keywords: Prison-related crime; counteracting crime investigation; correctional institution; pre-trial detention center; convicted person; suspect; defendant
Kebijakan Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Meminimalisir Kenakalan Remaja
Authors: Taufiq Wildan , Puji Lestari Ayu , Irna Sari Lailli , Ardianti Restianty Risma
Published: June 2021

The role of character education in shaping student character is as a counterweight to cognitive skills for students. The implementation of character education itself has been reflected in Rasullullah SAW. In the person of the Apostle who contains great and noble values. Therefore the important role of teachers, school principals, and parents in building the character of students is needed. Teachers and parents must collaborate in instilling the character values of students so that later the character education received by children will be in accordance with what must be taught. Cultivating character education is very important for the student so that in the future they can find out how good deeds are done and not good to use. Juvenile delinquency at this time is triggered because of being influenced by the circle of friends he follows, which causes them to be easily influenced by invitation from friends who they think are appropriate examples. This research was conducted to analyze the character education policy in minimizing juvenile delinquency.
Alcance Normativo del Derecho de Libre Escogencia de Institución Prestadora Del Servicio (Ips) Que Brinden Tratamientos Médicos Sin el Uso de Sangre: Comunidad de Los Testigos De Jehová. Colombia - Desde La Constitución Política del 1991
Authors: Martínez Ruiz Juan Carlos
Published: June 2021

La comunidad de los Testigos de Jehová es una congregación religiosa que tiene dentro de sus creencias bíblicas, la prohibición del uso de sangre como tratamiento médico, situación que podría presentar una limitación directa a sus derechos fundamentales en el evento de requerir atención medica-hospitalaria y que producto de esta, se ordene únicamente la práctica transfusional sanguínea sin otra alternativa para su mejora, lo que infringiría su conciencia y creencia religiosa. El objetivo de la investigación fue establecer el alcance normativo del derecho de libre escogencia de Institución Prestadora del Servicio que brinde tratamientos médicos sin el uso de sangre a la comunidad de los Testigos de Jehová dentro del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano. De modo tal que, la metodología implementada fue un modelo interpretativo, con una técnica cualitativa y de tipo revisión teórica u observación documental, donde se encontró que existen prácticas médicas alternativas a las transfusiones de sangre, lo que consolida al derecho de libre escogencia como una garantía fundamental para los pacientes testigos de Jehová.  Se concluye que, para lograr una garantía real y efectiva del derecho de libre escogencia, se requiere una labor coordinada entre los agentes que intervienen en este problema jurídico: Miembros de los testigos de Jehová, el cuerpo médico y los entes prestadores de salud.
Diseño y Construcción de una Rampa para la Practica de Boccia Bc3
Authors: Ramos Ramos Romario , Ozuna Díaz Jessica
Published: June 2021

Es indispensable llevar a cabo procesos que tengan como finalidad garantizar que las personas con discapacidad física y mental tengan las oportunidades y recursos necesarios para intervenir íntegramente en la vida normal en sociedad, permitiendo su participación en diferentes actividades, que ayuden y aporten a su bienestar, mejorando su calidad de vida. En ese sentido, el siguiente estudio aplicado, tiene como propósito mostrar un deporte que es poco conocido, que es practicado por personas con discapacidades físicas y mentales. Además, se pretende proporcionar un aporte aporte desde el punto de vista de la tecnología, con el uso de ingeniería y el desarrollo de herramientas como para la práctica de boccia en la categoría bc3. Para tal propósito se plantea la aplicación innovadora  en el diseño, construcción y la selección de materiales a utilizar, teniendo en cuenta  el peso del paciente para incrementar su práctica.
Relación de la Emoción de la Felicidad Dentro de las Etapas Escolares de los Adultos
Authors: Trujillo Pérez Juan Sebastián
Published: June 2021

Los estudios referentes a las emociones de adultos en la etapa escolar son escasos, por esto se ha decidido indagar sobre las emociones, con la finalidad de evidenciar las distintas experiencias vivenciadas en la etapa escolar relacionándolas con ello. El objetivo del estudio es conocer las experiencias de felicidad vivenciadas por adultos durante su experiencia escolar infantil. Los participantes fueron escogidos por conveniencia con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 63 años con una edad promedio de 40,5 años, el 40% fueron hombres y el 60% fueron mujeres y se tomaron como criterios de inclusión, la formación de bachillerato, educación culminada en colegios colombianos y ser mayores de edad; como criterios de exclusión estaban las afectaciones neurocognitivas, y estar cursando primaria o secundaria al momento del estudio. Se aplicó una herramienta gráfica narrativa referencia proporcionada por la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, en la cual los participantes escribieron un relato sobre la evocación de su etapa escolar y dibujaron los rostros de las imágenes según su criterio, los resultados evidenciaron que la emoción de felicidad frente a los dibujos de las caras de la lámina es frecuente e inclusive posee la puntuación más alta (29 puntos) pero hay una discrepancia dado que la puntuación total de la transcripción de los relatos evidencia que los relatos negativos posee la más alta puntuación (14 puntos). Se evidenció que la evocación del ambiente escolar en adultos no se relaciona totalmente con la emoción de felicidad dado que los resultados fueron discordantes.
Escenarios para la Convivencia con el Covid-19: Reflexiones sobre el Impacto Socioeconómico en Latinoamérica
Authors: Acevedo Pineda José Miguel
Published: June 2021

Esta investigación muestra un contraste entre las posiciones expuestas por los filósofos Slavoj Zizek y Byung Chul-Han frente al COVID-19 desde una perspectiva eurocéntrica, dando paso a una hipótesis sobre los posibles resultados en Latinoamérica.

Se ha identificado como aspecto clave que la política y la economía neoliberalista que hoy en día rigen a gran parte de Latinoamérica, probablemente, conducirán a la destrucción de la sociedad como conjunto; de hecho, se pasarán a tomar actitudes de un capitalismo voraz e individualista, como lo describe Chul- Han en su tesis.

Solo aquellos países que se sirvan de la democracia social y representativa para combatir la exclusión sistemática de las personas que no forman parte del gran mercado, serán capaces de lidiar con solidaridad sin necesidad de que esto sea confundido con el comunismo marxista-leninista que se aterriza a la economía, sino que se lleven a cabo los valores solidarios sobre los que esta ideología fue fundada como lo indica Zizek.
A resolução de problemas numa perspectiva metodológica para alunos do 9º ano do ensino fundamental segunda fase do colégio municipal divino bernardo gomes
Authors: Dos Santos Osmair Carlos
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo é um trabalho tem o objetivo de foi averiguar como tal metodologia pode ser usada e quais impactos ao se aplicar tal abordagem em séries finais do ensino fundamental segunda fase, em especial, o 9º ano, que trabalha com manipulações geométricas. As aplicações ocorreram em turmas do Colégio Municipal Divino Bernardo Gomes, na cidade de Alto Horizonte, em uma turma do 9º ano. Para as aplicações, se tem que a metodologia de resolução de problemas, permite a mobilização dos saberes e despertar o educando para novas abordagens em prol de solucionar um problema, ou seja, o aluno é levado a questionar, montar estratégias e buscar validações, o que permite um amadurecimento das ideias cognitivas. Os dados foram coletados através de um diário de campo, anotações e da observação direta do pesquisador. Conclui-se que apesar de muitos docentes notarem a importância desta metodologia para as aulas de matemática, a maioria não a utiliza de forma satisfatória, trabalhando principalmente com os problemas propostos em livros didáticos, sem levar em conta as etapas propostas para a resolução de problemas. Desta forma, os problemas são tratados meramente como exercícios de fixação, ficando longe da prática autêntica de resolução de problemas, o que gera, muitas vezes, insatisfação do aluno, que encontra muitas dificuldades ao tentar resolver os problemas, sem qualquer intervenção do professor.
İbnü'l-Cevzî'nin Zâdü'l-Mesîr Adlı Tefsirinde Yahudilere Genel Bakış
Authors: KILIÇASLAN Mustafa
Published: June 2021

Ebü’l-Ferec İbnü’l-Cevzî (öl. 597/1201)’nin kaleme aldığı Zâdü’l-mesîr fî ʿilmi’t-tefsîr adlı eser asırlardır Kur’an’ı anlamamıza hizmet etmektedir. Bu tefsirde dikkat çeken unsurlardan biri, onda yer alan Yahudilik ve Yahudilere yönelik anlatımlardır. Özellikle Medine Yahudileri ile ilgili bölümler, hicretten sonraki dönemde nazil olan Kur’an âyetlerini vakıa ve düşünce temelinde anlamamıza önemli katkılar sunmaktadır. Medenî Sûrelerin hangi sosyo-kültürel zeminde teşekkül ettiğini tespit edebilmemize imkân tanıyan bu anlatımlar, üzerinde durulmayı ve değerlendirilmeyi hak etmektedir. Medine Yahudilerinin itirazlarını, Hz. Muhammed’e yönelttikleri soruları, Medine’nin sosyal hayatı içerisinde yaşantılarını, adet ve göreneklerini görme imkânını elde ediyoruz. Kuran'ın konuştuğu yüzyıla ve muhataplara bakıldığında Yahudilerin çok önemli bir yere sahip olduğu görülecektir. İbnü'l-Cevzî'nin Zâdü’l-mesîr adlı tefsir kitabı bize bu konuda eşsiz bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu makalede İbnü’l-Cevzî’nin tefsirinden hareketle Yahudilerin nasıl ele alındığı incelenmiş ve bunun Kur’an anlatımlarıyla ne kadar örtüştüğü tespit edilerek değerlendirilmiştir.
MUHAFAZAKÂR VE MODERNİST YAKLAŞIM ARASINDA EDEBİYATÇI MUSTAFA SÂDIK ER-RÂFİ‘Î (ARAŞTIRMA VE TANI ÇALIŞMASI)
Authors: ÇELİK Recep , MÜEZZİN Ahmet Derviş
Published: June 2021

er-Râfi‘î’nin edebî tarzı, eski ve yeninin bir karışımı olup iniş ve çıkışlar barındıran gazetecilik üslubundan uzak bir konum andırmaktadır. O kendisine özgü bir yazı tarzı ile öne çıkmaktadır. er-Râfi‘î’, yazma amacını eski ile yeni arasındaki anlaşmazlığı çözmek, Arap edebiyatında oluşan boşluğu doldurmak ve bazı oryantalistlerin eksik olmakla veya her yeniliğe uyum sağlayamamakla itham ettikleri yüce Kur’ân’ın dili olan Arapçayı savunmak olduğunu belirtmektedir. Edip er-Râfi‘î, güzel edebiyatı ve güçlü yazıları ile Arap diline yeniden itibar kazandırmış ve bu harika dilden eşi benzeri olmayan sanatsal bir tablo oluşturmak için muhafazakârlık ve modernistlik anlamında eski ve yenisiyle Arap belâgatının zevkini yeniden ortaya çıkarmış ve edebiyat ile okuyucuyu birlikte yükseltmiştir. Ancak er-Râfi‘î, reformdan uzak duran, kendi fikirlerine karşı tutuculuk ve bağnazlık gösteren eski muhafazakâr taraftarlarından biri miydi, yoksa yeninin hatırına eskiyi tümüyle imha eden yenilikçiler arasında mıydı? Yoksa kendine özgü bir yaklaşımı mı vardı? er-Râfi‘î istiare ve mecaz gibi retorik unsurları nasıl kullanırdı ve bunların kendi yazıları üzerindeki etkisi ne idi? Bu çalışmada bu sorular bağlamında bazı sonuçlara ulaşmak için incelemelerde bulunulacaktır. Çalışmada ele alınan görüşler ve eleştiriler çerçevesinde yapılan analizde açıklayıcı analitik yöntem kullanılmıştır.
PENDAMPINGAN TRANSAKSI EFEK BERDASAR MEKANISME PERDAGANGAN PASAR MODAL DI INDOENSIA DENGAN SIMULASI INTERAKTIF
Authors: Rahayu Saptani , Widyastuti Indriyana , Sudijono V.Titi Purwantini
Published: June 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan sebagai salah satu Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Perguruan Tinggi sebagai mitra Bursa Efek Indonesia dalam mengenalkan investasi di pasar modal sejak dini kepada masyarakat umum di Indonesia. Hal tersebut berdasar pada fenomena bahwa investasi pada instrument pasar modal bukan  menjadi pilihan utama dengan demikian perlu dilakukan sosialisasi tentang transaksi pasar Modal kepada masyarakat. . Data BEI menunjukkan bahwa porsi kepemilikan domestik di pasar saham Indonesia meningkat cukup pesat. Kepemilikan domestik di pasar saham sebesar 37,08 persen diatahun 2013, sementara itu investor asing mendominasi sebanyak 62,94 persen. Akan tetapi, Pada tahun 2017 porsi kepemilikan asing di pasar saham sudah menyusut menjadi 52,23 persen. Dan disaat ini pada tahun 2020 kepemilikan saham sudah mencapai 65%. Porsi kepemilikan investor domestic diharapkan terus bertambah dengan berbagai macam program yang disusun antara BEI dengan GI BEI . GI BEI di perguruan tinggi yang dibentuk atas kesepakatan bersama antara BEI dengan Perguruan Tinggi memuat tujuan utama memberikan pengetahuan tentang invetasi pada pasar modal melalui jalur pendidikan formal. Komitmen yang dibangun adalah inklusi pengetahuan tentang pasar modal sejak usia muda yang dapat dilakukan sejak dini mulai mahasiswa bahkan sejak pelajar. Beberapa media pembelajaran dipersiapkan atas kerja sama BEI dengan Galeri Investasi BEI dalam rangka memasyarakatkan investasi di pasar modal sejak dini. Media pembelajar tersebut antara lain: buku sekolah pasar modal, data historis harga saham dan instrument pasar modal yang lain, data laporan keuangan, data laporan keuangan yang ada pada web TICMI dan program sertifikasi Wakil Perantara Perdagangan Efek (WPPE). Media simulasi perdangan saham secara online juga dipersiapkan oleh BEI berupa akun virtual untuk belajar melakukan transaksi saham (IDX Virtual Trading). Selain itu, simulasi perdagangan saham juga dilakukan dalam bentuk permainan kartu yang disebut Stock Lab Card. Permainan kartu ini memberikan simulasi secara interaktif tentang beberapa hal yang seringkali terjadi di perdagangan pasar saham termasuk memberikan simulasi bagaimana investor menjual dan membeli saham.

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk inklusi pemahaman tentang perdagangan pasar modal di Indonesia dan simulasi trmsaksi efek yang dilaksanakan ini adalah untuk pelajar (siswa SMA). Peserta kegiatan telah mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang efek di pasar modal Indonesia termasuk mekanisme perdagangannya, serta simulasi perdagangan dengan menggunakan kartu stock lab. Kegiatan diikuti oleh 26 siswa SMK Pembangunan Nasional Sukoharjo.
Öğrencilerin Biyoloji Korkuları ve Biyolojiye Yönelik Tutumları
Authors: OZARSLAN Murat
Published: June 2021

Çalışmada ortaöğretim kız öğrencilerinin biyoloji korkusu ve sebeplerine ilişkin görüşleri ile biyolojiye yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, 2015-2016 akademik yılı sonunda, Marmara bölgesinin bir ilçe merkezinde Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesine devam eden 9. ve 10. sınıftan toplam 70 kız öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubu, kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Betimsel araştırma yaklaşımının benimsendiği araştırma da veriler nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin eş zamanlı olarak uygulandığı çeşitleme yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Veriler Biyoloji Bilimine ve Dersine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ve Biyoloji Korkusu Anketi ile elde edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin biyoloji korkusunun çoğunlukla başarısız olma, konuları anlayamama, öğrendiklerini karıştırma şeklinde olduğu ve bu korkuların sınavlarda soruların çözümünde zorlanma, konuların karışık ve zor olması kaynaklandığı tespit edilmiştir. Biyoloji konularında yeralan böcek, virüs, bakteri, bağırsak solucanı, yılan vb. canlıların öğrenciler tarafından tehlikeli, tiksindirici veya korkutucu olarak algılanması sebebiyle biyoloji korku oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin genetik, insan vücudu gibi zorlandığı biyoloji konulara yönelik korkularının geliştiği bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin biyoloji ve biyoloji dersine yönelik tutum puanların düşük düzeyde olduğu, bazı öğrencilerin biyoloji dersini sevmedikleri, sıkıcı gördükleri ve ilgilerini çekmediği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda öğrencilerin biyoloji korkusunun azaltılması ve tutumlarının olumlu yönde geliştirilmesi noktasında eğitimcilere önerilerde bulunulmuştur.