bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility Status of Anopheles Gambiae S.I. to DDT and Permethrin in Lagos State, Nigeria.
Authors: Idowu ET , Fagbohun IK , Agosu OS , Oyede TA , Otubanjo OA
Published: July 2020

Malaria is of public health importance in Nigeria and may retain its status, if new intervention methods are not introduced or the current ones monitored. This study was carried out in Alimosho, Kosofe, Ibeju-Lekki and Badagry Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Lagos State to assess the susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae s.l., a dominant malaria vector in the localities to DDT 4% and Permethrin 0.75%. Anopheles larvae were collected from larva habitats in both LGAs, reared to adults and fed with 10% sucrose solution. Nonblood fed 2-5 days old female mosquitoes were exposed to discriminating doses of DDT and permethrin according to the standard WHO procedures. The knockdown effect was recorded at interval of 10 minutes and mortality scored 24hours after exposure. Species identification was done by morphological characteristics. Results from the study showed that Anopheles gambiae s.l. are resistant to DDT (4%) and permethrin (0.75%) with 24hr post exposure mortality ranging from 15.00-24.0% and 4.25-22.0% respectively. The Knockdown Time (KDT) ranged from 30.8-941.95minutes for DDT and 12.6-85.51minutes for permethrin. KDT95 50 ranges from 117.49-27524.22 minutes and 117.49-412.1 minutes for DDT and permethrin respectively. All the LGAs showed high level of resistance to DDT and permethrin. The high level of insecticide resistance recorded in this study could be detrimental to the elimination of malaria. Therefore, integrated vector management is needed to effectively carry out to manage the development of insecticide resistance.
Prevalence of Gastro- intestinal Parasites of Sheep slaugtered at Keffi Abattoir, Nasarawa Sate, Nigeria.
Authors: Abdullahi MM , Okaku MS , Tongjura JD , Sani ZR
Published: July 2020

This study investigated the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of sheep slaughtered in Keffi main abattoir conducted from June to July 2019. One hundred and fifty (150) fecal samples comprising of 60 Yankasa, 18 West African dwarf (WAD), 33 Balami and 39 Uda breed were collected from the abattoir. The samples were taken to the Laboratory to examine the intestinal helminthes eggs and protozoan oocysts using sodium chloride floatation and sedimentation techniques. Out of 150 samples examined, 84(56.0%) had gastrointestinal parasites. The Yankasa breed had the highest prevalence of 32(38.1%), while the WAD breed had the lowest prevalence of 12(14.3%). Female had the highest prevalence of 54(64.3) than male which have 30(35.7%). Young sheep had the highest prevalence of 52(61.9%) than adults which had prevalence of 32(38.1%) respectively. The gastrointestinal parasites encountered were Strongyles edentates sp., Coccidian spp., Haemonchus spp., Trichostrongyles spp and Fasciola spp. Trichostrongyles spp., had the highest prevalence of 23(27.3%) while coccidian had the lowest prevalence of 4(4.7%). Chi-square statistical analysis revealed no significant difference (p>0.05) among the breed, age, and sex of the sheep. The result of the study shows that high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among the sheep breed, therefore with good management practice, prompt diagnosis, treatment with antihelminthes drugs and mass education of farmers on the importance of hygiene and sanitation will reduce the risk of the disease and increase productivity.
PREVENTIVE NASYA SCOPE AND CHALLENGES: REVIEW
Authors: Charu Bansal  , Shukla Umesh
Published: July 2020

Five among the Panchakarmas 'Nasya' has specific modus operandi in its administration Pharmacotherapeutics and clinical outcomes. Irrespective of Doshik combination pattern, it deals with all diseases of Urdhvajatrugat unlikely of Vaman, Virechan and Basti which are specifically useful in amelioration of kapha Pitta and Vata respectively. The preventive potential of Vaman, Virechan and Basti have sound conceptual base and subsequent clinical observation; however, Nasya for its preventive potential has not been much explored. The present write up is an effort to discuss the opportunities and challenges of Pratimarsha Nasya therapeutics for its preventive and health promotive dimensions.
PREVENTIVE AND PROMOTIVE ASPECT OF MUSIC THERAPY IN MANAGEMENT OF JOB STRESS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NURSING PROFESSION
Authors: Charu Charu Bansal , Umesh Shukla  , Saleha Zainab
Published: July 2020

World Health Organization stated that growing stress at workplace is epidemic now. A certain amount of stress and anxiety is normal at work place, but persistent, excessive, and irrational anxiety due to job stress causes various physical and psychological impairment. Nursing profession is a caring profession but it is identified as one of the most stressful job profession which affects not only physical and mental health of the nurses but also interfere in their job efficiency. Indian classical music is based on ragas. Ragas have power to alleviates and cures various ailments by inducing electromagnetic change in the body. Various studies indicating that Ragas improve psychological function of the body and simultaneously relaxing body and mind by enhancing alpha waves of the brain. The present write up is an effort to discuss the opportunities of Music Therapy for its preventive and health promotive dimensions specially to enhance quality of life of professionals and to overcome them from anxiety and depression develop due to job stress.
A REVIEW ON SANDHIVATA (OSTEOARTHRITIS) AND ITS MANAGEMENT THROUGH AYURVEDA
Authors: Gunjan Sabarwal  , Vikas Prajapati  , Shivakumar S Harti  , Medha Sanjay Kulkarni
Published: July 2020

In the present era Sandhivata is the most common disease affecting a large population. Sandhivata term is derived from words as “Sandhi” and “Vata”. When Vata lodges in Sandhi (joints), it is characterized by pain, swelling, and restriction of joint movement. The clinical presentation of Sandhivata closely mimics with the disorder called Osteoarthritis which is the second most common rheumatologic problem. Sandhivata is the disease mentioned in Ayurveda and is a type of Vatavyadhi which most commonly occurs in Vridhavastha due to Dhatukshaya.

Sandhivata is one of the challenging diseases for the clinicians due to its chronicity, incurability, complications etc. The allopathic treatment provides the symptomatic relief but the underlined pathology remains untreated due to absence of effective therapy and also giving rise to many side effects, toxic effects and adverse reactions. The treatment procedure described in Ayurveda focuses not only on drugs but also lifestyle modification thus having a holistic approach in its management. So, the present study deals with systemic review of Sandhivata and the aim of this work is to review and highlight the effectiveness of different Ayurvedic interventions in patients with osteoarthritis (OA).
A K-Chart based implementation framework to attain lean & agile manufacturing
Authors: Zaheer S. , Amjad M.S. , Rafique M.Z. , Khan M.A.
Published: July 2020

Lean manufacturing has always ensured production optimization by eliminating wastes, and its implementation has helped in improving the operational performance of the organization since it eliminates the bottlenecks from the processes, thus making them efficient. In lean scenarios, the focus is on “waste” elimination, but in agile manufacturing, the focus is on the ability of comprehension of changing market dynamics and the resilience. One of the major factors in the combined implementation of lean and agile approaches is inadequate planning, monitoring and lack of awareness regarding changing market trends, and this can be countered by utilizing the effective tool of K-Chart. Through a systematic literature review, the authors establish the requirement of effective planning and monitoring in the implementation of integrated lean and agile approach, concluding that K-Chart is a handy tool to adopt for their effective implementation. The result provides a new vision of lean implementation through K-Chart, whereas it provides clarity to practitioners by presenting a K-chart based implementation framework for achieving favourable results. Being a literature review the research work can be validated through a case study approach in future through a comparative analysis between various implementation techniques and K-Chart.
Students’ Learning Support and Perceptions in an Online Mathematics Course in a Business Faculty
Authors: Heilporn Géraldine , Desrochers Marie-Eve
Published: July 2020

Online courses are growing in higher education, resulting from an increased access to information and communication technologies. While such courses allow time and/or space flexibility for both students and instructors, they also promote active learning and require more autonomy from the students. In this paper, we present the main design features of a new prerequisite mathematics online course in a business faculty. While most of the course was designed in an asynchronous mode, it also includes blended synchronous support sessions that students can attend each week. As a Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) project, we related the design features of the course to students’ learning support and perceptions by analyzing the content of the learning management system as well as students’ narrative comments in course teaching evaluations over five semesters. The main themes reported concerned the appreciated course design and structure, the enhanced instructor’s presence through commented slideshows and support sessions, the instructor’s accessibility and care, a challenging but relevant course, and collaborative practice with a software application. In particular, the instructor’s presence and follow-up throughout the semester was highlighted by the students as a means to support their learning. Furthermore, most students’ comments reported positive perceptions about the online course and specific design features. Several comments also allowed to identify potential areas for change in a future version on the course, as part of the SoTL research that focuses on teaching and learning improvement.
Motorcycle accidents: characteristics of victims admitted to public hospitals and circumstances
Authors: Ganem Gustavo , Fernandes Rita de Cássia Pereira
Published: July 2020

Background: Motorcycle accidents are a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil, with high social and economic costs. Victims are mostly men, young and vulnerable. Objective: To characterize motorcycle accident victims and circumstances among patients admitted to a public hospital. Methods: We administered a questionnaire to 74 victims of motorcycle accidents in the period from January through July 2018 among patients admitted to a referral hospital for elective orthopedic surgery in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Results: Most victims were male (98.4%), up to 31 years old (49%), black or brown (84%) and had low educational level (54%). Motorcycling was the occupation of 50.8%. Drinking was less frequent among motorcyclists in the capital compared to the interior of the state (16 vs. 26%) and a larger proportion had a driving license (72 vs. 39%). Conclusion: Main victims of motorcycling accident victims were male, with low educational level, and without a driving license. Actions are needed to promote road safety, including educational programs to protect life and reduce the social and economic costs of accidents.
Cardiovascular risk factors among oil refinery workers: ecological study
Authors: Carvalho Flavia Cortines , Godinho Marluce Rodrigues , Ferreira Aldo Pacheco
Published: July 2020

Background: Monitoring the health of workers is indispensable to develop indicators to identify potential risk factors and the workload impact on illness and characterize their morbidity profile. Objective: To identify modifiable and non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among employees of an oil refinery with fixed work schedule or allocated to shifts. Methods: Ecological, exploratory, descriptive and quantitative study with data retrieved from the company’s record system. We performed time series analysis of the prevalence of risk factors in the period from 2008 through 2017. Results: We found an increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and a decreasing trend for high cholesterol, high LDL, low HDL, smoking and coronary artery risk. The prevalence of hypertension increased, while that of all other risk factors, except for diabetes, decreased in 2017 by comparison to 2008. Conclusion: The analyzed sample is at medium risk for cardiovascular disease despite their young age, high educational level and available resources. We call attention to the need to systematize workplace health promotion programs.
Thermal behavior of the skin region of the wrist and finger extensor muscles during a typing task
Authors: Ramos Luan , Bertani Ana Luiza , Oltramari José Davi , Dhein William
Published: July 2020

Background: Occupational diseases are the second leading cause of sick leave in Brazil, among which musculoskeletal disorders are very common especially among workers whose job includes typing tasks. Thermography analyzes the temperature distribution on the skin surface and is used for diagnosis and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders. Objective: To investigate the thermal behavior of the skin on the wrist and finger extensor muscle area before, during and after a typing task. Methods: Twenty-four workers whose job involves typing were allocated to two groups—with or without elbow, forearm or injury—and performed a 10-minute typing task. Four thermography images were captured from the forearms and fingers at baseline, 0–2, 3–5 and 8–10 minutes and the minimum, maximum and mean temperature was calculated. The data were subjected to factorial ANOVA with software SPSS v 20.0. The significance level was set to 5%. Results: Minimum (mean difference–d=1.7), maximum (d=0.8) and mean (d=0.39) temperature was lowest on the elbow of participants with forearm injury; maximum temperature was lower on the right compared to the left side (d=0.39). Temperature did not vary as a function of time. Conclusion: There was difference in skin temperature between individuals with or without forearm injury and between the right and left sides, but not as a function of time. In future studies tasks should be longer and/or have set typing speed and goals.
Anaphora resolution and word-order across adulthood: Ageing effects on online listening comprehension
Authors: Fotiadou Georgia , Muñoz Ana I. Pérez , Tsimpli Ianthi Maria
Published: July 2020

In this visual-world paradigm we investigated the processing and interpretation of two overt subject anaphoric expressions in Greek, a null-subject language with a relatively free word-order, in relation to specific linguistic properties and whether these differ across adulthood. Specifically, we explored whether changes in anaphoric type (o ídhios vs. aftós) and syntactic complexity (SVO vs. OVS word-orders) had similar effects in how reference was processed and finally resolved by young and elderly adults. We analysed (a) fixation duration in subject and object antecedent pictures to examine online processing and (b) offline responses in comprehension questions to investigate final interpretation, i.e., ambiguity resolution. Our offline results revealed that pronominal resolution patterned across age groups: A clear subject preference of o ídhios (‘the same’) was drawn from results irrespective of the word-order used, suggesting that this expression is preferentially linked to an element in prior discourse that has a parallel subject grammatical role, due to its focus feature (though OVS boosted the less preferred object readings). Aftós (‘he’), a pronoun previously suggested sensitive to topic-shift, was overall proved ambiguous for both young and elderly adults. An age effect was qualified by significant differences in online processing of both subject expressions, as evidenced by fixation on both antecedent pictures. Interestingly, syntactic complexity (OVS structures) interacted with age in the case of o ídhios, raising fixation in subject antecedents among young, compared to the elderly adults. Age, but not linguistic manipulation, modulated processing of the anaphoric pronoun aftós and of object antecedent pictures overall.
A sociedade 5.0 como instrumento de promoção dos direitos sociais no Brasil
Authors: Fontanela Cristiani , Dos Santos Araújo Silva dos Santos Maria Isabel , Da Silva Albino Jaqueline
Published: July 2020

Os conceitos de Sociedade 5.0 foram apresentados pelo governo japonês como parte importante de uma política pública em prol da inovação, da economia, do Estado e da sociedade. Este artigo discute a Sociedade 5.0 e seus reflexos na promoção dos Direitos Sociais no Brasil. Tem como objetivos apresentar a evolução da sociedade, relacionando-as com as revoluções industriais; caracterizar a Sociedade 5.0; e apontar os principais aspectos promotores dos direitos sociais trazidos nos conceitos dessa sociedade. Como consequência, demonstra que os pilares da Sociedade 5.0 estão em consonância com os direitos sociais, onde a intervenção do Estado garante os direitos fundamentais, ao implementar ações planejadas, articuladas e reguladas nas políticas públicas e em suas legislações.
Direitos sociais em tempos de crise: vedação ao retrocesso social e moderação judicial
Authors: Pierdoná Zélia Luiza , Francisco José Carlos , De Miranda Freire Neto Lourenço
Published: July 2020

Em razão de crises econômicas conjunturais e estruturais vividas por diversos países, os respectivos Poderes Legislativo e Executivo foram levados a equacionar suas contas públicas e a promover mudanças que afetaram a implementação progressiva e a manutenção dos seus sistemas de proteção social. Partindo do problema jurídico concernente aos limites do controle judicial dessas mudanças para reequilíbrio e  sustentabilidade de compromissos sociais, este estudo tem como hipótese a inviabilidade de a vedação ao retrocesso social servir como fundamento para o Poder Judiciário afastar legítimas e inevitáveis escolhas dos Poderes Legislativo e Executivo de alocação de escassos recursos disponíveis em tempos de crise, de modo que o Poder Judiciário deve respeitar as difíceis escolhas dos poderes políticos postas dentro de margensdiscricionárias fixadas pelo ordenamento jurídico.
ESTRATEGIAS DE COMUNICACIÓN DE LA NUEVA EXTREMA DERECHA ESPAÑOLA. DE HOGAR SOCIAL A VOX, DEL ALTER- ACTIVISMO A LA DOCTRINA DEL SHOCK
Authors: Álvarez-Benavides Antonio , Jiménez Aguilar Francisco
Published: July 2020

Desde la Transición democrática la extrema derecha apenas tenía representatividad política y soporte popular en España, lo que suponía una excepción respecto al contexto europeo. Sin embargo, desde hace apenas unos años, dos nuevas ultraderechas han irrumpido con fuerza: Hogar Social y Vox. En este texto analizaremos la evolución de la extrema derecha española desde una perspectiva histórica y sociológica para explicar el surgimiento de ambas formaciones. A través de la netnografía y el análisis del discurso examinaremos sus similitudes y diferencias, sus tácticas comunicativas y los motivos que podrían explicar su creciente aceptación por una parte significativa de la sociedad.
Partnerships Between Teacher Education Universities And Schools In Practicum To Train Pre-Service Teachers Of Vietnam
Authors: Huong Vu Thi Mai , Tung Nguyen Thi Thanh , Hong Tieu Thi My , Hung Duong Hai
Published: July 2020

Teacher education universities and schools have traditionally been the main sites of teacher learning in Vietnam. This relationship is the key in the process national curriculum innovation. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between teacher education universities and schools in Vietnam, in regard to partnering for the delivery of teacher education adapting national curriculum innovation in Vietnam. Data will be collected through questions involving 243 participants comprising student teachers, university lecturers and mentors. The result of this paper also uses semi-structured interviews to draw conclusions. The findings show that there is a model for teacher education universities - schools cooperation in teacher preparation. However, the partnership is limited by such factors such as planning, mentoring, practicum, teacher education universities visits to schools, communication and inconsistencies that seemed to characters the relationship. The findings suggest that the partnership between pedagogy universities and schools can be enhanced by recognizing the interdependent nature of the relationship, the diversification of areas of universities - schools joint activity, and increased closely conversations between the partners about problems which are suitable to the arrangement. The result of the research may provide insights into factors that focus on undermining the effectiveness of partnerships, as well as the implications of these for the professional development of prospective teachers.
Notas sobre ser beneficiário, ser demandatário: subjetivações na Política de Assistência Social
Authors: Maia Suzanir Fernanda , Guazzelli Bernardes Anita
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste artigo consiste em aprofundar os conceitos de beneficiário e demandatário das Políticas Sociais de Assistência Social, com vistas a problematizar o modo como estes sujeitos circulam e são vistos nas Políticas Sociais, de forma a compreender os processos de inclusão social. As figuras do beneficiário e do demandatário que circulam nas Políticas Sociais, faz se ver e falar de modos distintos de acesso e permanência nestas Políticas. O cenário de análise são as Políticas Sociais de Assistência Social que se inscrevem no Brasil, principalmente, a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988. O percurso metodológico utilizado é o cartográfico, onde se dá o encontro com conceitos teóricos e outros materiais que se apresentam no momento mesmo da pesquisa. Com a realização deste estudo, foi possível conectar outras modalidades de compreensão do direito, principalmente quando analisado a partir da benesse.
Availability Does Not Mean Utilisation: Analysis of a Large Micro Health Insurance Programme in Pakistan
Authors: Cheema Abdur Rehman , Zaidi Shehla , Najmi Rabia , Khan Fazal Ali , Kori Sultana Ali , Shah Nadir Ali
Published: July 2020

In recent years, several Micro Health Insurance (MHI) schemes have been initiated in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) to meet the universal health coverage targets. Evidence on the utilization of these MHI schemes is scarce. Field experiences and lesson learning is crucial to effectively increase access to health care and offer protection against catastrophic health expenditure to the poorest population through the MHI schemes. This paper analyzes community utilization and factors affecting utilization of an MHI provided to the poorest rural households in eight districts of Sindh province of Pakistan. This initiative is part of a larger pro-poor European Union (EU) funded Sindh Union Council and Community Economic Strengthening Support (SUCCESS) Programme implemented by the Rural Support Programs (RSPs). The analysis draws on insurance utilization records and an internal assessment report by the RSPs Network (RSPN). The analysis provides qualitative experiences of the community, empanelled health care providers, the insurance agency and frontline management staff. Our analysis revealed that the overall utilization was very low (0.42%) and the highest number of cases treated at the hospital were of women utilizing obstetric and gynaecology related care. The scheme was noted to prevent catastrophic health expenditure in households that were able to successfully utilize the scheme. Key factors affecting utilization were identified to be around i) awareness creation, ii) distance to empanelled hospitals, and iii) access issues at the health facility level. We aim to add to the knowledge base around MHI for policy makers to design and implement more informed initiatives in the future.
La investigación doctoral española sobre innovación en la agencia de publicidad: análisis cienciométrico (1992-2017)
Authors: Cabezuelo-Lorenzo Francisco , López-Medel Ismael , García López Javier
Published: July 2020

Desde que en la década de los años noventa del siglo XX se empezara hablar de interacción, innovación y nuevos formatos aplicados a la comunicación publicitaria hasta el actual contexto plenamente digital, la investigación en torno a las agencias de publicidad ha sufrido toda una evolución. Las agencias de publicidad son hoy en día en las Ciencias de la Comunicación y de la Información un tema de interés de gran riqueza conceptual. Las agencias per se pueden ser consideradas un área de interés en la investigación multidisciplinar dentro del propio ámbito de la Publicidad y de las Relaciones Públicas. A través de un análisis bibliométrico, este artículo intenta a dar conocer las principales características de las investigaciones doctorales más relevantes realizadas en España y que han tenido a las agencias de publicidad como objeto de estudio prioritario. Para ello analiza el propio peso que las agencias han tenido a la hora de protagonizar tesis doctorales en nuestro país. El período analizado va desde 1992 hasta el año 2017, lo que supone 25 años, un cuarto de siglo de tesis doctorales. No se ha ampliado la investigación hasta 2020 porque las tesis pueden tardar hasta un año en ser registradas en las bases de datos en abierto. Para ello se han utilizado las herramientas avanzadas de las bases de datos de Dialnet (Universidad de La Rioja, España) y de Teseo (Ministerio de Educación del Gobierno de España). Se han recuperado un total de 50 tesis doctorales que son el objeto de análisis de la tesis. Se ha elaborado la serie temporal y la productividad diacrónica de las tesis, además de otras variables relacionadas con el contenido y metodológicas. Los hallazgos muestran el potencial crecimiento de los últimos años (década actual). También se concluye que la producción de tesis doctorales se concentra en una pequeña cantidad de instituciones de Madrid, Barcelona y Valencia.
Modelagem e Predição temporal de Parâmetros de Qualidade de Água usando Redes Neurais Profundas
Authors: Almeida Anderson , Amaris Marcos , Merlin Bruno , Veras Allan
Published: July 2020

A qualidade da água está diretamente relacionada com o seu nível de poluição, e para isso, é necessário o monitoramento para identificar as características físicas, químicas e biológicas, considerando a legislação vigente. Este artigo apresenta a comparação dos modelos de rede neural Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) e Perceptron Multilayer (MLP) para predizer os parâmetros pH, OD, DBO, Fósforo e Turbidez da qualidade da água. Foram usadas as métricas de erro RMSE e MSE, quando as redes neurais são configuradas com 10, 25 e 50 neurônios. A rede LSTM apresentou um RMSE médio de 0,134, MSE médio de 0,035 e MAPE médio de 13,49. A rede MLP apresentou RMSE médio de 0,085, MSE médio de 0,01 e MAPE médio de 13,03. Os resultados do experimentos visam contribuir com o processo de monitoramento da qualidade da água e auxiliar o planejamento da gestão hídrica através do modelo de aprendizado de máquina adequado para predição dos parâmetros.
Determination of Static Fracture Toughness of Nettle Fibre (Urtica Dioica)/Polymethyl-methacrylate Composites Using Different Fracture Methods
Authors: Büyükkaya Kenan , Güner Faruk
Published: July 2020

In this study, the breaking behaviour of polymethylmethacrylate reinforced with nettle fibre was investigated experimentally. Single edge notched bending (SENB) and compact test(CT)  specimens were produced to include notches in various ratios. The Mode I fracture behaviour of samples were determined utilizing static frac-ture toughness experiments such as the Three Point Bend-ing (TPB) and Compact Tensile tests. The fracture tough-ness (KIC) was investigated using the TPB Test (Compli-ance and Initial notch method), and Compact Tension test. The bending module and bending stresses were also determined. It was found that nettle-fibre reinforcement improves the bending strength of the composite by 60% and improves the fracture toughness more than two-fold.
Identität und Weltfähigkeit
Authors: Kühnhardt Ludger
Published: July 2020

The relationship between matters of identity and complex global transformations have rarely been as controversial as during the second decade of the 21st century. Clarifications on identity matters have been and remain at the core of multiple crises in the process of European integration. At the same time, the EU has been challenged to develop and implement more robust strategic thinking, and many debates continue in new forms in this respect. The scholarly articles, essays and opinions of the ZEI director Prof. Ludger Kühnhardt, which are compiled in this volume, were written between 2010 and 2020. They recall a decade of debate and experience, while, at the same time, contributing to the emerging historiography of the EU and its global relevance.
Der Abschuss entführter Zivilflugzeuge - Eine Frage der Souveränität
Authors: Fischer Sarah
Published: July 2020

Ein entführtes Passagierflugzeug steuert auf einen hoch frequentierten Platz im öffentlichen Raum zu. Darf der Staat die Maschine abschießen?

Nach 9/11 stellt sich diese Frage nicht nur in den USA. Während in der US-amerikanischen Rechtsordnung die Befugnis eines Abschusses nicht in Frage gestellt wird, entbrannte in der deutschen Rechtswissenschaft nicht erst seit dem Urteil des BVerfG zu § 14 Abs. 3 LuftSiG, der einen Abschuss ausdrücklich erlaubte, ein bitter geführter Streit über die Grundwerte der deutschen Verfassungsordnung.

Was bedeuten die geführten Diskussionen für das jeweilige Verfassungsverständnis? Welche Wertungen sind damit verbunden und warum wurde das Urteil zu § 14 Abs. 3 LuftSiG so harsch kritisiert? Diesen Fragen nähert sich die Dissertation durch eine Beleuchtung der im Recht verwobenen Souveränitätsverständnisse, die auch heute noch an die Oberfläche strömen, wenn es um das Überleben des Staates geht.
Las transferencias de competencias a las Comunidades Autónomas
Authors: Fuertes Suárez José Luis
Published: July 2020

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V Congreso del PSUC
Authors: - -
Published: July 2020

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La ley y la autorización de las Cortes a los tratados internacionales
Authors: Santaolalla López Fernando
Published: July 2020

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La defensa extraordinaria de la República
Authors: Fernández Segado Francisco
Published: July 2020

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La libertad de expresión en la II República
Authors: Gómez-Reino y Carnota Enrique
Published: July 2020

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Régimen de los derechos constitucionales
Authors: Guaita Aurelio
Published: July 2020

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Un año del Tribunal Constitucional : la fijación jurisprudencial de su función y competencias : el concepto de inconstitucionalidad sobrevenida
Authors: López Garrido Diego
Published: July 2020

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Documentación parlamentaria
Authors: - -
Published: July 2020

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Crisis del mandato representativo en el Estado de partidos
Authors: Torres del Moral Antonio
Published: July 2020

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La creación de grupos parlamentarios durante la legislatura
Authors: Alba Navarro Manuel
Published: July 2020

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Repertorio bibliográfico sobre el proceso constituyente español (I)
Authors: Herrero Lera Miguel
Published: July 2020

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Orígenes de la política social en la España de la Restauración
Authors: Sánchez Agesta Luis
Published: July 2020

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La Constitución canadiense de 1980
Authors: Ollero Butler Fernando
Published: July 2020

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Las elecciones legislativas del 5 de octubre de 1980 en Portugal
Authors: Ollero Butler Fernando
Published: July 2020

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Sentencias y autos del Tribunal Supremo y resoluciones de la Dirección General de los Registros en que se citan, estudian o aplican preceptos constitucionales (abril-mayo 1980)
Authors: Linde Paniagua Enrique
Published: July 2020

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Comparison of the second and third intercostal spaces regarding the use of internal mammary vessels as recipient vessels in DIEP flap breast reconstruction: An anatomical and clinical study
Authors: Seong Ik Hyun , Woo Kyong-Je
Published: July 2020

Background The purpose of this study was to compare the anatomical features of the internal mammary vessels (IMVs) at the second and third intercostal spaces (ICSs) with regard to their use as recipient vessels in deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction.

Methods A total of 38 consecutive DIEP breast reconstructions in 36 patients were performed using IMVs as recipient vessels between March 2017 and August 2018. The intraoperative findings and postoperative complications were analyzed. Anatomical analyses were performed using intraoperative measurements and computed tomography (CT) angiographic images.

Results CT angiographic analysis revealed the mean diameter of the deep inferior epigastric artery to be 2.42±0.27 mm, while that of the deep inferior epigastric vein was 2.91±0.30 mm. A larger mean vessel diameter was observed at the second than at the third ICS for both the internal mammary artery (2.26±0.32 mm vs. 1.99±0.33 mm, respectively; P=0.001) and the internal mammary vein (IMv) (2.52±0.46 mm vs. 2.05±0.42 mm, respectively; P<0.001). Similarly, the second ICS was wider than the third (18.08±3.72 mm vs. 12.32±2.96 mm, respectively; P<0.001) and the distance from the medial sternal border to the medial IMv was greater (9.49±2.28 mm vs. 7.18±2.13 mm, respectively; P<0.001). Bifurcations of the IMv were found in 18.4% of cases at the second ICS and in 63.2% of cases at the third ICS.

Conclusions The IMVs at the second ICS had more favorable anatomic features for use as recipient vessels in DIEP flap breast reconstruction than those at the third ICS.
Validation of the optimal scaffold pore size of nasal implants using the 3-dimensional culture technique
Authors: Nam Jeoung Hyun , Lee So Yun , Khan Galina , Park Eun Soo
Published: July 2020

Background To produce patient-specific nasal implants, it is necessary to harvest and grow autologous cartilage. It is crucial to the proliferation and growth of these cells for scaffolds similar to the extracellular matrix to be prepared. The pore size of the scaffold is critical to cell growth and interaction. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine the optimal pore size for the growth of chondrocytes and fibroblasts.

Methods Porous disc-shaped scaffolds with 100-, 200-, 300-, and 400-µm pores were produced using polycaprolactone (PCL). Chondrocytes and fibroblasts were cultured after seeding the scaffolds with these cells, and morphologic evaluation was performed on days 2, 14, 28, and 56 after cell seeding. On each of those days, the number of viable cells was evaluated quantitatively using an MTT assay.

Results The number of cells had moderately increased by day 28. This increase was noteworthy for the 300- and 400-µm pore sizes for fibroblasts; otherwise, no remarkable difference was observed at any size except the 100-µm pore size for chondrocytes. By day 56, the number of cells was observed to increase with pore size, and the number of chondrocytes had markedly increased at the 400-µm pore size. The findings of the morphologic evaluation were consistent with those of the quantitative evaluation.

Conclusions Experiments using disc-type PCL scaffolds showed (via both morphologic and quantitative analysis) that chondrocytes and fibroblasts proliferated most extensively at the 400-µm pore size in 56 days of culture.
Modified everting sutures combined with reattachment to the inferior tarsal plate for involutional lower eyelid entropion: A new technique
Authors: Sen Emine Malkoc , Yalcinsoy Kubra Ozdemir
Published: July 2020

Background This study evaluated the outcomes of a new modified Wies technique for patients with involutional lower eyelid entropion without horizontal eyelid laxity.

Methods This case series retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with entropion who underwent surgery between January 2014 and March 2019 by the same experienced surgeon. Horizontal eyelid laxity, lower eyelid retractor function, and orbicularis muscle overriding were recorded before and after surgery. The recurrence rate and complications were also evaluated. This technique consisted of modified everting sutures combined with reattachment of the lower eyelid retractors to the inferior tarsal plate.

Results This new technique was performed on 28 eyes in 25 patients (mean age, 71.0±8.0 years; range, 56–87 years). Nine patients (36%) were women and 16 (64%) were men. Lower lid entropion was present in the right eye in 14 patients (56%), the left eye in eight patients (32%), and both eyes in three patients (12%). The mean follow-up period was 27.3±12.4 months (range, 6–60 months). No intraoperative complications were observed. All patients’ symptoms were alleviated. One patient (3.6%) had recurrence after 2 years (success rate, 96.4%). The remaining 27 eyes maintained a satisfactory and comfortable eyelid position. No patients had problems with scarring.

Conclusions The approach described herein proved to be safe and feasible in eyes with involutional lower eyelid entropion without horizontal eyelid laxity. These advantages of this procedure include the lack of a conjunctival scar, punctal eversion, and lateral canthal angle deformation. A low recurrence rate and a long interval to recurrence were also observed.
« Brisées par leur travail! OU Au bout du rouleau » : réflexion critique sur les modes managériaux en santé
Authors: Drolet Marie-Josée , Lalancette Mireille , Caty Marie-Ève
Published: July 2020

Après avoir introduit et décrit les modes managériaux en santé, les auteures articulent une réflexion critique sur quatre enjeux éthiques qui découlent de ces modes.
Survey of Mental Health Care Providers’ Perspectives on the Everyday Ethics of Medical-Aid-in-Dying for People with a Mental Illness
Authors: Montreuil Marjorie , Séguin Monique , Gros Catherine P. , Racine Eric
Published: July 2020

Context: In most jurisdictions where medical-aid-in-dying (MAiD) is available, this option is reserved for individuals suffering from incurable physical conditions. Currently, in Canada, people who have a mental illness are legally excluded from accessing MAiD. Methods: We developed a questionnaire for mental health care providers to better understand their perspectives related to ethical issues in relation to MAiD in the context of severe and persistent suffering caused by mental illness. We used a mixed-methods survey approach, using a concurrent embedded model with both closed and open-ended questions. Findings: 477 healthcare providers from the province of Québec (Canada) completed the questionnaire. One third of the sample (34.4%) were nurses, one quarter psychologists (24.3%) and one quarter psycho-educators (24%). Nearly half of the respondents (48.4%) considered that people with a severe mental illness should be granted the right to opt for MAiD as a way to end their suffering. Respondents were more likely to feel comfortable listening to the person and participating in discussions related to MAiD for a mental illness than offering care or the means for the person to access MAiD. Most (86.2%) reported that they had not received adequate/sufficient training, education or preparation in order to address ethical questions surrounding MAiD. Conclusions: The findings highlight how extending MAiD to people with a mental illness would affect daily practices for mental healthcare providers who work directly with people who may request MAiD. The survey results also reinforce the need for adequate training and professional education in this complex area of care.
Raccoon roundworm prevalence (Baylisascaris procyonis) at the North Carolina Zoo, USA
Authors: Louis Meghan M. , Minter Larry J. , Flowers James R. , Stoskopf Michael K. , Kennedy-Stoskopf Suzanne
Published: July 2020

Baylisascaris procyonis is an important zoonotic nematode of raccoons (Procyon lotor). Infection with this parasite has important health implications for humans, zoo animals, and free-ranging wildlife. As a large, natural habitat zoo, the North Carolina Zoo (NC Zoo) coexists with native wildlife. Raccoons are abundant at the NC Zoo and the prevalence of B. procyonis is unknown. Raccoon latrines were located through employee reporting and systematic searching throughout the zoo and sampled for B. procyonis in October and November of 2018 and 2019. Parasite prevalence, latrine location, substrate category and latrine persistence were recorded. Thirty-three latrines were located in 2018 and eight new latrines in 2019 while four latrines from the prior year were no longer available to be sampled. Of the 29 latrines sampled over the two years, 16 (55%) persisted for at least one year. The majority of the latrines were found on natural substrate with rock showing the highest preference. Just over half (n = 21 of 41 total) of the active latrines in the study were in or immediately adjacent to animal enclosures. Two latrines were found in public areas including one contaminating children’s play equipment. Additionally, fresh fecal samples were collected from five adult raccoons presented to the zoo’s veterinary clinic in 2018 and 2019. All fecal samples tested by centrifugal flotation for both years were negative for B. procyonis. The results of this study show the value of field sampling to properly assess risk and enable informed decision-making regarding public health and wildlife management.
Towards Studies on Current Scenario in Export and Import of Silk Goods in India
Authors: Elumalai D. , Uma K. , Balaji P.
Published: July 2020

The present study an endeavor export and import silk goods data collect and analysis of annual compound growth rates.  China is the biggest consumer of silk in the world next to India second consumer of raw silk and silk fabrics. The study area covers whole country. The analysis was carried out for the period from export and import of silk goods during 1985 to 2017. Compound growth rate of quantity of export silk commodities for significant was 31.66 per cent during the period I (1985-86 to 1987-88). For overall period (1985 to 2016) moderately significant growth in quantity (2.44%), but the growth of value (10.02%) was significant. In import, highest CGR was 29.39 per cent in quantity and 32.02 per cent in value during the period IV (1997-98 to 2001-02). Overall Period (1985-6 to 2016-17) revealed that, highly CGR of quantity and value. In import, the significant and CGR was Uzbekistan, Japan, Korea RP and others during the period II (2007 to 2011). The overall period (1980-81 to 2016-17) there was a negatively significant in the country like China, Brazil and Japan, while, Uzbekistan, Korea RP and Others. The study finally indicated, the significant growth of export and import in all the country viz. USA, HK, UK, UAE, Germany, Spain and others  during from 1985-86 to 2016-17. The overall period (1985-86 to 2016-17), growth rate was found in significant like scarves, Dress materials, and others (spun silk).
Data Envelopment Analysis Approach to Estimating Economic and Scale Efficiency in Processing Cassava into Gari in Ankpa Local Area, Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Haruna Ezekiel O. , Samuel Elizabeth E. , Amechima Blessing
Published: July 2020

This study examined the economic and scale efficiency in processing cassava into gari in Ankpa Local Government, Kogi State. Data were collected from 120 cassava processors through a multistage sampling technique in 2019 using questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. Data collected were analyzed through the use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), ordinary Least squares regression analysis and simple descriptive statistics. The result of the study revealed that about 8.33% and 63.33% achieved full technical efficiency (TE = 1) under the CRS and VRS respectively while 12.50% achieved both full allocative and economic efficiency. About 8.33% achieved full scale efficiency. These efficiency scores revealed the presence of considerable level of inefficiency and room for improvement in order to become fully efficient. The returns to scale analysis revealed that majority of cassava processors (about 90%) are operating under increasing returns scale implying that most of the firms in the sample are too small and therefore would benefit from an increase in scale. The OLS result showed that household size, experience and education are the most important and significant factors affecting both technical and economic efficiency of the processors in the study area. We recommend that processors should be encouraged to form and join viable cooperatives where they can access credit, information, training and processing facilities in order to improve their efficiency.
Changing Trends of Social Interaction during the Pandemic and Its Effects on Mental Health – A Student’s Perspective
Authors: Hemanth Lakshmi Kowdley
Published: July 2020

Our survey explores the changing trends in social interaction and its effects on mental health amongst GCSE and A-level students during lockdown as it is the crucial years of education, shaping their future. This survey was carried out using Google forms. Results have been auto analysed with anonymity. A clear demonstration of anxiety, fear of failure, lack of motivation and loneliness has been noted. Emphasis on the importance of face-to-face interaction and the usage of digital platforms has been evident. Incorporation of mental health professionals in the educational system is vital in moving forward.
Analysis of the Role Cikidang Fish Landing Port (PPI) Towards Fishermen's Socio-Economy in Pangandaran District, Indonesia
Authors: Syakuro Muadz Abdan , Handaka Asep Agus , Junianto . , Rizal Achmad
Published: July 2020

This research was conducted in Pangandaran District, precisely at the Fish Landing Port (PPI) Cikidang Pangandaran. This PPI Cikidang is included in the type D fishing port of the Fish Landing. The research method used is a case study with data analysis using a Likert Scale. The aim of this research is to describe the role of PPI Cikidang through basic port facilities on the socio-economic characteristics of Pangandaran fishermen who work at PPI Cikidang. Based on observations and interviews through questionnaires, some of the main port facilities are still not optimal in their development and function. This affects the catches of fishermen and the activities of fishermen at the port. Some basic facilities that are still not optimal make fishermen more independent in activities without having to wait for facilities to be repaired or developed. The main facilities that have not been optimal are the pier, harbor ponds and fish markets. At the docks and port ponds there needs to be improvement by dredging the bottom of the water so that it can get inside, the tides can be conditioned. In the fish market, its function is still less than optimal because it is only used as a canteen. The improvement is to re-socialize the function of this fish market and try to carry out its function properly by increasing the fisheries business budget around PPI Cikidang.