bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Should Healthcare for NCDs Be Equated with Other Goods and Services? — Commodification of Health Care in NDCs
Authors: Wang Shen , Lu Xiaobo
Published: July 2024

Healthcare services for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) cannot be simply treated as tradable goods or services. The debate surrounding whether healthcare should be equated to commodities is complex, involving economic, ethical, and social considerations. While market-driven approaches can enhance innovation and efficiency, critics caution against the risks of inequality and the erosion of social solidarity. Commodification of NCD healthcare may worsen existing disparities, prioritize profit over patient well-being, and neglect prevention strategies. Balancing efficiency with equity and preventive measures is essential in managing NCDs effectively while addressing the shortcomings of a commodified healthcare system.
A Contrastive Study of the Grammaticalization Between “Gan Jing” and “Clean” Based on Corpus
Authors: Cheng Mengjie , Zhang Hongguo
Published: July 2024

Based on corpus study, this paper makes a diachronic study of the grammaticalization process of the Chinese word “Gan Jing” and English word “clean”. The study shows that both “Gan Jing” and “clean” gradually lose their original meaning and change from a content word to a functional word. The mechanisms of the grammaticalization include reanalysis, analogy, semantic bleaching, metonymy and metaphor, as well as subjectivity. These changes can be attributed to the principle of economy. Though “Gan Jing” and “clean” share many similarities in grammaticalization path, mechanisms and motivations, the use frequency of them varies. The lowly grammaticalized form of “Gan Jing” is most used while the highly-intensified meaning of “clean” is used more widely.
The Role of the Environmental Engineers in Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Barango D.O. , Austin E.E.
Published: July 2024

Environmental degradation has been caused by human activities in order to achieve his developmental needs. This paper examines the role of professionals and professional organizations in environmental sustainability; with specific attention to the role of the environmental engineers in environmental sustainability. Examination of environmental engineering and the environmental engineer was made; some human activities and their consequences on the environment which lead to environmental unsustainability were explained. Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The environmental engineer remains the vehicle to bring about environmental sustainability by some of the following ways; devising and promoting concepts of eco-design and resource efficiency, delivering solutions for corporate and regional sustainability and low carbon economy; improving ways of assessing and treating contamination at polluted sites; devising recycling systems and developing uses for recycled materials, and reducing the volumes of solid and hazardous waste through conservation.
Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Kumar Vinod
Published: July 2024

Sustainable agriculture is an important component in the scheme of integrated management of environment in urban and rural areas. One may argue that most of the agricultural activities are confined to the rural areas, so how do the urban areas come in its purview. In addition, both the areas are subsumed in, and form a continuum in the natural environment. These aspects have to be kept in mind for devising strategies for effective management of environment. This research paper analyses the evolution of different models of agriculture, highlighting the fact that its sustainability hinges on the balance between socio-economic realities and a healthy environment. It looks at sustainable agriculture from socio-economic and cultural perspectives.
Integration and Innovation of Renewable Energy Technology in International Cooperation Projects
Authors: Liu Lintao
Published: July 2024

In the tide of global energy transformation, the application of mechatronics technology in the new energy sector has become a pivotal force in advancing sustainable development. This paper thoroughly explores the integration of mechatronics with new energy sources such as solar and wind energy, aiming to enhance energy conversion efficiency, reduce costs, and stimulate technological innovation. By examining the current state of mechatronics technology in the research, development, manufacturing, and promotion of new energy equipment, this paper proposes a range of strategies and recommendations. These are designed to strengthen interdisciplinary collaboration, foster technological innovation, and enhance international cooperation to achieve sustainable global energy development.
The Integration of Anti-Foot-Binding Movement and Feminism: History, Present and Future
Authors: Pan Yefei
Published: July 2024

This paper delves into the development and significance of the anti-foot-binding movement. By systematically reviewing historical documents and existing research, it provides a comprehensive overview of the historical background, current status, and its embodiment in feminism. The anti-foot-binding movement was a significant social reform in Chinese history. It was not only a resolute resistance against feudal customs but also a crucial manifestation of feminist consciousness awakening and the fight for women’s rights and interests. The research found that the movement embodied women’s pursuit of bodily autonomy, resistance to social injustices, and the redefinition of their own value and social status. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the profound impact of the anti-foot-binding movement on the development of feminism, thereby providing reference and guidance for future research. By studying this historical movement, we can better understand the arduous journey of women’s liberation in China and draw lessons and experiences that can support and enhance the protection of women’s rights today.
Exploring the Path of Personal Information Infringement Governance by Web Crawlers
Authors: Liu Yan , Zheng Ping , Li Yutong , Li Mengxuan , Zhang Xin
Published: July 2024

In the era of big data, the explosive growth of data information, network crawler as a new type of data search engine came into being, and gradually become indispensable technology. However, with the continuous penetration of crawler technology, related infringement problems have gradually surfaced. This topic starts from the definition and technical application of network crawlers, further analyzes the specific forms of network crawlers’ personal information infringement, and discusses and summarizes the shortcomings of the legal governance measures involved, and finally draws on the experience of overseas and combines the views of relevant scholars, proposes to improve the relevant legal provisions and clarify the division of responsibility; introduces the rule of balanced trial; establishes the criteria for the reasonable use of data by crawlers; creates a “cyclical protection system”; establishes the “data protection system”; and establishes the “data protection system”. The proposal to establish a cyclical protection system, establish a “data protection officer”, set up an independent regulatory body, form an internal and external linkage mechanism, and then build a scientific governance system for scientific governance.
On the Trademark Infringement Liability of Network Broadcast Platform
Authors: Yuan Ruijia
Published: July 2024

As the media of live broadcasting, the network broadcast platform bears the corresponding legal responsibility for the illegal acts of trademark infringement. However, due to the particularity of its operation, there are problems with the scope of pre-infringement obligations and the assumption of post-infringement liabilities. The reasons can be seen as the particularity of the nature of the aid-type platform, the lack of any distinction between the platform’s reasonable duty of care of the live broadcast mode compared with the traditional e-commerce platform, and the contradictions between the immediate occurrence of network broadcast and the lag of platform supervision, which jointly cause the current dilemma. In this regard, based on the theoretical and legal basis, the liability analysis and regulation of trademark infringement on live broadcasting platforms can be improved from three aspects: the responsibility of assisted live broadcasting platforms, the boundary of reasonable obligations of live broadcasting platforms, and the regulatory system.
Philosophical Interpretation of Article 24 of the Medicines Act: Drug Safety, Efficacy, and Quality Control
Authors: Lewin Y. R.
Published: July 2024

Article 24 of the Medicines Act serves as a cornerstone in the regulatory framework governing pharmaceuticals in the United Kingdom. This article emphasizes the rigorous evaluation of drug safety, efficacy, and quality through a structured, multi-phase process involving pre-clinical studies, clinical trials, and post-marketing surveillance. This paper explores the philosophical underpinnings of Article 24, delving into its ethical, epistemological, and regulatory dimensions. The ethical analysis focuses on balancing public health and individual rights, the principle of informed consent, and equitable access to high-quality medicines. The epistemological discussion highlights the commitment to evidence-based medicine, scientific rationalism, and the critical role of regulatory bodies like the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). The regulatory perspective examines the comprehensive and precautionary approach to drug approval and quality control, emphasizing global harmonization and collaboration. By integrating these perspectives, the paper underscores the significance of Article 24 in ensuring that only safe, effective, and high-quality medicinal products are available in the UK, thereby setting a model for global regulatory practices.
«AMERICAN ETUDES» — «TRAVEL DIARY» BY NIKOLAI SIDELNIKOV: SPECIFICS OF STYLE AND PERFORMING INTERPRETATION
Authors: Komarnitskaya Olga ,   Tchaikovsky Moscow State Conservatory, Minjei Yang
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the piano cycle «Twelve etudes-impressions», also called «America is my love», created by N. N. Sidelnikov in 1990. The program names of the etudes, set out, like the Preludes of K. Debussy, a postscript (at the end of each play), according to the author, reflect a living life colored by the perception of a new unusual world, as well as an explosion of nostalgic feelings when meeting a close friend. The originality of the piano technique of composition is noted, largely predetermined by innovative compositional decisions: dizzying virtuosity, originality of piano techniques are designed for great performing capabilities of the performer. The composition is interpreted in the context of the great traditions of piano art: F. Liszt — first of all, his transcendental etudes, etudes by F. Chopin and S. V. Rachmaninov. The «score» orchestral texture, color, piano playing, impressionistic sound recording are the most important signs of the style of the outstanding Russian artist of the second half of the XX century.
CHORALE «ES IST GENUG»: From J. S. BACH TO E. DENISOV
Authors: Stogniy Irina ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes a number of works written in the chorale «Es ist genug». The tune has received symbolic meaning in the musical culture of different eras — from the Baroque to the present day. Each composer, while preserving the original meaning of this funeral chant, interpreted it differently, which was also facilitated by the selected genres and stylistic specifics of the works. Many composers turned to the tune. Used by Bach in cantata No. 60 chorale «Es ist genug» he set a certain semantic vector (fear of death and hope for eternal life), continued by R. Wagner and received a love-romantic interpretation in the vocal cycle; tragic — in the violin concerto by A. Berg, the concept of overcoming the fear of death — in Variations on the chorale of E. Denisova. Moving along the routes of history, the chant each time revealed new meanings, continuing its way to infinity.
THE THEORY OF SILENCE
Authors: Kauffman David
Published: July 2024

The article offers a translation of David R. Kaufman's scientific article «The Theory of Silence», published in 2011 in the journal Musical Offers: 2011. Vol. 2: No. 1. Article 1. The article is devoted to the composition of the American composer John Cage «4'33». Based on the philosophical and aesthetic method of studying the composer's creativity, the author explores the work both as an example of the music of silence, and as an aleatoric work, since its performance includes random elements of the noise environment. According to the author, in order to understand «4'33», first of all, it is necessary to study Cage's biography, get acquainted with the events of the composer's life that led him to create this work, as well as the use of silence subsequently in almost all compositions: silence turns out to be as significant as sounds. The idea of expanding the performance space of academic concerts by using natural noises as elements of music has changed not only the concept of music, but also the musical material itself.
TO THE 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF ALEXANDER NIKOLAEVICH SCRIABIN (1872-1915). memories OF MIKHAIL FABIANOVICH GNESIN
Authors: Gaponov Andrey ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

In this publication, readers are offered a unique archival document stored in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art: the memoirs of Mikhail Fabianovich, the younger brother in the Gnessin family, about Alexander Nikolaevich Scriabin. They describe the meetings and communication of Scriabin with Gnessin, as well as other contemporaries. Although the memoirs were not completed by the author, they nevertheless reveal a new page in the relationship between the two composers, therefore they are of undoubted interest to the reader.
THREE PIECES FOR CELLO AND PIANO OP. 51-BIS BY M. GNESIN IN CHAMBER ENSEMBLE CLASS
Authors: Provotar Vladislav ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music, Ushakova Serafima ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

The subject of the article is Three pieces for cello and piano op. 51-bis (Melodies–characteristics to the «Stone Guest» by A.S. Pushkin) by M.F. Gnesin in the context of the analysis of the style of this cycle and its performance interpretation. This opus is being investigated for the first time. In this study, stylistic analysis is used, including with elements of description. In conclusion, we propose our own performance interpretation corresponding to a certain stylistic analysis, as well as an attempt to approach the author's idea thanks to the program of the literary source. On the one hand, the author of the article aimed to recreate the stages of the work of a member of a chamber ensemble on the example of the composition of M. F. Gnesin, on the other hand, to turn to an essay that is not familiar to a wide range of performers and listeners in order to attract due attention to it.
THE STORY OF AN EDUCATIONAL PROJECT CARRIED OUT IN THE GNESSIN HOUSE HALF A CENTURY AGO
Authors: Malinkovskaya Augusta ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

The article highlights the activities carried out at the turn of the 1970–1980s by the collective of teachers of Gnesin educational institutions who conducted the study of Russian music education. The problem of interrelation and continuity of the three links of the national music education system appeared as one of the central ones. The goals and principles of collective work, the organization and content of the process are revealed; examples of test materials and tasks offered to students, variants of evaluation criteria are given; the final results of the project are summarized. It is noted not only the historical value of the work carried out, but also the relevance of this experience for improving modern music education in our country.
Maurice Ohana (1913–1992) To the 110th anniversary of his birth
Authors: Hakobian Levon ,   State Institute for Art Studies
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this article is to present to the reader the oeuvre of Maurice Ohana —an outstanding French composer of Spanish origin. His music enjoyed considerable recognition in France during his lifetime, his works continue to be performed and recorded, but the literature on him is rather scarce; in our country mainly his pieces for guitar are heard from time to time, which constitute but a minor part of his rich and varied output. Meanwhile, surveying the French musical landscape of the second half of the 20th century, we come to a conclusion that Ohana’s art was one of its most impressive, vivid, ethically and aesthetically attractive highlights. The article provides concise descriptions of several among Ohana’s key works with some music examples that might give some insight into his highly original style.
Literary source of Yu. Butsko's oratorio "The Legend of the Pugachev rebellion": Yesenin or Pushkin?
Authors: Filatova Nadezhda ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to Yu. M. Butsko's oratorio "The Legend of the Pugachev Rebellion". For the first time, an attempt is made to consider the reasons that prompted the composer to turn to the historical chronicle of A. S. Pushkin, to comprehend the problem of choosing a literary source. As a result of the research, conclusions are drawn that, having given preference to Pushkin's "Pugachev's History", Yu. M. Butsko proved himself as an author, on the one hand, gravitating towards historical authenticity, and on the other hand — as a composer of religious orientation. These essential features of Butsko's creative personality are manifested on the conceptual, dramatic and musical levels of the composition under consideration.
Innovación Pedagógica para la Inclusión Educativa en la Nueva Escuela Mexicana: Evaluación del Impacto y Desafíos
Authors: Hernández Maldonado Mari Carmen Adelín , Reveles Márquez José de Jesús , Ceballos Gurrola Ernesto
Published: July 2024

El estudio analiza el impacto de diversas estrategias pedagógicas implementadas para garantizar la inclusión educativa en el marco de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana (NEM). Participaron docentes, estudiantes y administradores de varias escuelas mexicanas. Utilizando un diseño mixto, se recopilaron datos a través de encuestas, entrevistas y observaciones en el aula. Los resultados indican que estrategias como el Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje, el aprendizaje cooperativo y la tecnología educativa han mejorado la inclusión y el rendimiento académico. Sin embargo, persisten desafíos como la falta de recursos y tiempo para la formación continua. Las conclusiones subrayan la necesidad de priorizar la formación docente y el apoyo institucional para asegurar la sostenibilidad de estas iniciativas. Las implicaciones destacan la importancia de políticas educativas que respalden la inclusión en todos los niveles del sistema educativo.
Tratamiento de la osteomielitis: Artículo de revisión
Authors: Maldonado Maldonado Darwin Antonio , Terán Urgilés Mirkka Poleth , Urquizo Buenaño Angélica Paola , Martínez Quinapanta Hugo Gonzalo , Martínez Quinapanta María Eugenia , Minda Espín Pablo Bruno , Casa Mendoza Karina Alicia
Published: July 2024

La osteomielitis es una infección ósea que se presenta sobre todo en niños y en la tercera edad. El diagnóstico y el tratamiento temprano es fundamental para evitar complicaciones severas. La antibioticoterapia es la base del tratamiento, la cual debe ser instaurada con los resultados de los cultivos, sin embargo, existe una falta de estandarización entre el tratamiento vía oral y parenteral. El objetivo principal fue revisar el progreso del tratamiento antibiótico, entre otras técnicas para la osteomielitis aguda y crónica. En enero a mayo del 2024 se realizó una revisión sobre el tratamiento de la osteomielitis, la búsqueda se hizo en las bases de datos de PubMed, ELSEVIER y Google Académico. Se incluyeron 20 estudios y se recopiló la información más importante sobre los tratamientos de la osteomielitis aguda y crónica. La osteomielitis es una infección ósea, difícil de diagnosticar y de tratar. El tratamiento antibiótico es la base del tratamiento, la cual debe instaurarse con los resultados de los cultivos.
Stylistic in children's stories
Authors: Wulandari  , Helmanto Fachri , Rosnawati
Published: July 2024

Background:  Stylistics examines the use of language that assesses aesthetics in children's stories. It requires stylistics to bind readers by presenting interesting stories and arousing curiosity. In contrast, stylistics in children's stories can be found if the stylistic devices are known.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore stylistics in children stories of five graders in SDN Kompa
Design and methods: This type of research uses qualitative with a literature review method. The literature selection technique uses keywords story, device, and stylistics.
Results: This study identifies various stylistic devices, such as Parallelism, Chiasmus, Antithesis, Climax, Asyndeton, Sentential adverb, Irony, Understatement, Litotes, Hyperbole, Metabasis, Hypophora, Distinction, Metanoia, Zeugma, Diazeugma, Mesozeugma, Hypozeugma, Syllepsis, Hyperbaton, Anastrophe, Appositive, Simile, Metaphor, Chatachresis, Metonymy, Personification, Apostrophe, Transferred epithet, Anaphora, Epistrophe, Simploce, Anadiplosis, Conduplication, Epanalepsis, Diacope, Epizeuxis, Scesis Onomaton, Alliteration, Onomatopoeia, Assonance, Rhetorical question, Apophesis, Anacoluthon, Oxymoron, and Antimetabole, used in children's short stories to enhance narrative appeal and expression.
Peran PBB Melalui MDGs Dalam Peningkatan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Indonesia
Authors: Sari Gita Kartika
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mengeksplorasi dan mendeskripsikan program PBB yang dikeluarkan PBB dalam mengentaskan kemiskinan pada Negara-negara miskin dan berkembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk menganalisis peran Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa melalui MDGs dalam meningkatkan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data yang relevan, mengkaji dampak MDGs terhadap pembangunan sosial-ekonomi Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkap fakta bahwa Pembangunan Milenium (MDGs) muncul sebagai inisiatif global untuk mengatasi tantangan yang masih dihadapi oleh negara-negara berkembang, terutama yang memiliki Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) rendah. Meskipun telah berbagai upaya bantuan keuangan dan pembangunan, banyak negara masih menghadapi masalah mendasar seperti kemiskinan, kelaparan, akses kesehatan yang terbatas, perumahan yang tidak layak, dan pendidikan yang terbatas. Sekretaris Jenderal PBB memulai MDGs setelah KTT Milenium, di mana 189 pemimpin dunia berkomitmen untuk memperbaiki kondisi kehidupan global. Setiap negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia, mengadopsi dan menyesuaikan strategi pembangunan nasional untuk mencapai tujuan utama MDGs. MDGs memberikan kerangka kerja daripada pedoman yang preskriptif, memungkinkan fleksibilitas bagi negara-negara untuk menyesuaikan pendekatan mereka berdasarkan kondisi lokal. Agenda pembangunan jangka menengah Indonesia berfokus pada menciptakan lingkungan yang aman, adil, dan demokratis sambil meningkatkan kesejahteraan penduduk. Prioritas utama termasuk pengentasan kemiskinan, penurunan pengangguran, peningkatan investasi, pembangunan pedesaan, peningkatan akses pendidikan dan kesehatan, perlindungan sosial, kualitas penduduk, dan pembangunan infrastruktur.
CASE REPORTS: Excision of an intrascleral cyst guided by anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Azarcon Corrina P. , Lenhart Phoebe D. , Craven Caroline M. , Wells Jill R
Published: July 2024

A 4-year-old girl presented with an enlarging, congenital, intrascleral cyst of the left eye. Intraoperative anterior segment optical coherence tomography was used to visualize and to assess the extent of the cyst, facilitating safe excision. The cyst was completely removed, and the defect was covered with an amniotic membrane graft, with a good outcome.
Measurement-based Dynamic Modelling in Levitated Active Magnetic Bearing Systems
Authors: Wallace Brett , Nesbitt Matthew , Lee Jihyun
Published: July 2024

Commissioning Active Magnetic Bearings (AMB) requires a well-designed control system to reject external disturbances while supporting process loads. An accurate dynamic model is essential for predicting responses to various excitations and disturbances, aiding in controller design. Current models for AMB commissioning are either nonparametric estimations, which provide limited information, or finite element models, which may not capture all system dynamics. This paper presents a black-box method to develop a parametric model that captures all dynamics within an AMB system using measurement data. Frequency domain measurement data was used to construct a segmental linear model to simulate dynamic interactions. The controller, actuation, and sensor components were derived from SKF Magnetic Mechatronics design calculations to isolate the rotor from the plant model and reconstruct the closed-loop system model. The frequency response of the identified rotor model was compared to direct measurements, and the resulting system model was compared to direct measurements of the closed-loop response. Results show that the proposed segmental AMB system model predicts frequency response with 97.9% accuracy compared to direct measurements. This model will be used to design control methods to improve AMB system performance.
Evaluation Of Quality And Patient Expectations Of Health Services For The Universal Health Coverage Program At Puskesmas Ketapang Sampang District
Authors: Susmiati Susmiati , Mustofa Amirul
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the satisfaction of universal health coverage (UHC) program patients with health services at the Ketapang health center in Sampang district. Puskesmas Ketapang is one of the puskesmas in sampang district which includes the largest number of people registered in the universal health coverage program. This research method is descriptive with a qualitative approach where data collection techniques are carried out through direct interviews with medical personnel and also patients who come to visit the Puskesmas, documentation, observation, and data analysis. The results showed that patients (UHC) were very satisfied with the services provided from the puskesmas seen from reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, but there were still patients who were less satisfied with the physical evidence or facilities provided at the Puskesmas. The results of the study seen from the dimension 5 gap there are no triggers for the gap, this shows that the quality of service that has been provided from the health center is good and in accordance with patient expectations.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CHILD IDENTITY CARD POLICY IN SERANG DISTRICT, BANTEN PROVINCE
Authors: Setyawan Drajat Wisnu , Djohan Djohermansyah , Ilham Muh. , Maryani Dedeh
Published: July 2024

The issuance of birth certificates for the child population in Banten Province has reached the specified target, where out of 2,923,089 child population who have birth certificates as many as 2,905,894 residents or equivalent to 99.41%. However, this is not matched by the issuance of Child Identity Cards, the percentage of coverage is still very low, which only reaches 29.78% of the entire child population who already has a birth certificate. The purpose of the research is to find out, analyze and explain the implementation of the child identity card, the determinant factors that determine and construct an effective Child Identity Card policy implementation model in Serang Regency, Banten Province. This research uses the theory of policy implementation put forward by Hamdi (2014) with the dimensions of productivity, linearity and efficiency. Determinant factors that influence policy implementation are policy substance, implementing officer behavior, network interaction, target group participation and resources. The research method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by interview, observation and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of the Child Identity Card policy in Serang Regency was not optimal.
L’opéra du roi
Authors: Béhar Pierre
Published: July 2024

Deeply marked by the experience of the Fronde during his minority, when the people and the nobles had threatened the authority of the crown, Louis XIV conceived the idea of transforming the new genre of opera, imported from Italy, into a vehicle for monarchical propaganda, intended as much for the population of his capital as for the nobility gathered at his court. He imposed the new dramatic genre invented by Lully and Quinault over the machine plays of Corneille, the comédies-ballets of Molière and the tragedies of Racine. This study charts the history of the politically-charged struggle between those various theatrical aesthetics, and examines in that light the dramatic works written in celebration of the king, and in particular the operas of Lully.
Perspective chapter: Advanced Semiconductors in Artificial Photosynthesis
Authors: Jiao Keran , Zhang Hansong , Gao Xiaowu , Zhao Ziwei , Song Pengfei , Wang Yongjie
Published: July 2024

Artificial photosynthesis, which could utilize renewable solar energy to produce fuels, e.g., hydrogen, syngas, methanol, and so on, is regarded as a prospective alternative to the global energy and environment crisis. Semiconductor-based photocatalysts play a key role in such solar-to-fuel conversions. In this chapter, we will review the recent demonstrations of advanced semiconductors used in solar water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction. The requirements for the physical and chemical properties of photocatalytic semiconductors are discussed to distinguish the potential candidates. The demonstrations of such advanced semiconductors successfully driving solar water splitting with hydrogen production and carbon dioxide reduction with hydrocarbon fuels are summarized. Moreover, current bottleneck issues, possible strategies, and perspectives are proposed at the end. This chapter will be an important reference for the research in artificial photosynthesis using emerging semiconductor materials.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Locoregional Therapies and Multidisciplinary Strategies
Authors: Margaris Ioannis , Arkadopoulos Nikolaos , Hatzaras Ioannis
Published: July 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasingly common malignancy worldwide. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a procedure that was developed to treat HCC patients deemed unsuitable candidates for surgical resection or transplantation and has shown a survival benefit for patients with unresectable HCC. Similarly, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) have been shown to treat HCC successfully, although the rates of success are size-dependent. Head-to-head studies of TACE vs. RFA have shown some superiority of ablation vs. TACE in prolonging survival, with the greatest survival benefit conferred to individuals undergoing dual TACE and ablation therapy. The chapter will discuss the merits of combination treatment vs. monotherapy.
On Charges of Treason: The High Treason Case against the Afrikaans Broadcasters of Radio Zeesen after the Second World War
Authors: Kleynhans Suné
Published: July 2024

While the Second World War was characterised by battles and intelligence networks, it also involved cases of treason and military legal processes – and South Africa was no exception. The South involvement in the war produced high treason cases, but trials of those historical figures who worked “behind the scenes” are occasionally neglected within academic literature on the South African history surrounding the Second World War. An example of such is the case of high treason of four Afrikaner men accused of broadcasting propaganda from Radio Zeesen to South Africa in Afrikaans, with the aim of jeopardising the South African war effort. This propaganda was carried out strategically within the context of existing Afrikaner resistance against participation in the war. The four accused were SE Holm (Sidney Erich Holm) (Michael Johannes Pienaar). This article focuses on the trials of the four men accused as a series of lesser-known cases in South African history. The aim of the article is to provide a historical narrative of the cases. After providing the necessary contextualisation, the positions of the prosecution and defence, as well as the verdicts of the trials will be outlined. The objective of this article is not to offer a detailed analysis of the criminal justice procedure or the laws surrounding the cases, but rather to make a historiographic contribution to an overlooked aspect of South African history.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Membaca Permulaan melalui Strategi Reading Guide pada Siswa Kelas I Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Aqilah Arika Rifdha , Karumpa Aco , Razak Nur Khadijah
Published: July 2024

Mengandalkan metode ceramah saja dalam proses pembelajaran dapat membuat pengalaman belajar menjadi monoton bagi siswa, yang pada gilirannya dapat mengakibatkan penurunan kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca permulaan melalui strategi reading guide pada siswa kelas I Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kalukuang IV. Jenis Penelitian ini yaitu penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari 3 sampai 4 pertemuan dan setiap pertemuan terdapat empat tahapan, yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 17 siswa kelas I. Adapun Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu, observasi dan tes. Aalisis data dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini berupa deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi reading guide dalam pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kalukuang IV dari segi proses maupun hasil pembelajaran keterampilan membaca permulaan. Peningkatan hasil ditunjukkan dari pencapaian nilai rata-rata keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa pada pra siklus awalnya sebesar 63,06, lalu meningkat pada siklus I menjadi 70,41, dan di siklus II nilai yang diperoleh sebesar 79,24 yang berarti telah memenuhi nilai KKM yang telah ditentukan yaitu >75. Ketuntasan belajar siswa juga mengalami peningkatan pada pra siklus sebesar 29% menjadi 53% pada siklus I dan di siklus II mengalami kenaikan yang signifikan dengan persentase 82%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi reading guide dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I Sekolah Dasar.
PENGARUH BIAYA TENAGA KERJA LANGSUNG DAN KOS BARANG TERJUAL TERHADAP LABA BERSIH PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR ANEKA INDUSTRI YANG TERDAFTAR DI INDEKS SAHAM SYARIAH INDONESIA PERIODE 2017-2021
Authors: Miftahul Arif Muhammad , Eka Rahayu Agustin , Nofiana Dinny , Qistina
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh biaya tenaga kerja langsung dan kos barang terjual terhadap laba bersih yang dihasilkan pada pada perusahaan sektor aneka industri yang terdaftar di Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia. Dalam penelitian data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui dokumen perusahaan mengenai data yang terkait dengan harga pokok produksi dan harga pokok penjualan yang akan berpengaruh terhadap laba yang dihasilkan dari penjualan produk makanan tersebut. Pada penelitian ini pendekatan yang dilakukan penulis adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif secara deskriptif, dimana penelitian ini menjabarkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi laba perusahaan. Biaya tenaga kerja lansung berpengaruh positif terhadap laba bersih dan kos barang terjual tidak berpengaruh terhadap laba bersih.
Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan Pt. X Tbk
Authors: Marthalia Lia , Anisah Anisah
Published: July 2024

Pada hakekatnya pengelolaan sumber daya manusia di dalam suatu organisasi adalah hal yang paling esensional untuk menuju kepada efisiensi dan efektivitas tujuan organisasi tersebut. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut maka perlu kiranya manajemen meninjau lebih jauh lagi mengenai kualitas guru meningkatkan produktivitas suatu perusahaan. Tujuan Penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh disiplin kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pegawai pada PT. X Tbk. Untuk mengetahui seberapa pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap produktivitas kerja pegawai pada PT. X Tbk. Untuk mengetahui seberapa pengaruh disiplin kerja dan budaya organisasi secara bersama-sama terhadap produktivitas kerja pegawai pada PT. X Tbk. Terdapat pengaruh disiplin kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pegawai pada PT. X Tbk. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh nilai  thitung lebih besar dari ttabel, sehingga jelas Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa disiplin memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan pada PT. X Tbk. 2) Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh nilai thitung  lebih besar dari ttabel, sehingga jelas Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan pada PT. X Tbk. 3) Berdasarkan perhitungan SPSS diperoleh Fhitung lebih besar Ftabel, sehingga jelas Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa secara bersama-sama disiplin dan budaya organisasi dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kerja karyawan pada PT. X Tbk.
Deep Transfer Learning Model for EEG Biometric Decoding
Authors: Aljanabi Rasha A. , Al-Qaysi Z.T. , Suzani M. S
Published: July 2024

In automated systems, biometric systems can be used for efficient and unique identification and authentication of individuals without requiring users to carry or remember any physical tokens or passwords. Biometric systems are a rapidly developing and promising technology domain. in contrasting with conventional methods like password IDs. Biometrics refer to biological measures or physical traits that can be employed to identify and authenticate individuals. The motivation to employ brain activity as a biometric identifier in automatic identification systems has increased substantially in recent years. with a specific focus on data obtained through electroencephalography (EEG). Numerous investigations have revealed the existence of discriminative characteristics in brain signals captured during different types of cognitive tasks. However, because of their high dimensional and nonstationary properties, EEG signals are inherently complex, which means that both feature extraction and classification methods must take this into consideration. In this study, a hybridization method that combined a classical classifier with a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) and the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) spectrum was employed. For tasks such as subject identification and lock and unlock classification, we employed a hybrid model in mobile biometric authentication to decode two-class motor imagery (MI) signals. This was accomplished by building nine distinct hybrid models using nine potential classifiers, primarily classification algorithms, from which the best one was finally selected. The experimental portion of this study involved, in practice, six experiments. For biometric authentication tasks, the first experiment tries to create a hybrid model. In order to accomplish this, nine hybrid models were constructed using nine potential classifiers, which are largely classification methods. Comparing the RF-VGG19 model to other models, it is evident that the former performed better. As a result, it was chosen as the method for mobile biometric authentication. The performance RF-VGG19 model is validated using the second experiment. The third experiment attempts for verifying the RF-VGG19 model's performance. The fourth experiment performs the lock and unlock classification process with an average accuracy of 91.0% using the RF-VGG19 model. The fifth experiment was performed to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the RF-VGG19 model in performing the lock and unlock task. The mean accuracy achieved was 94.40%. Validating the RF-VGG19 model for the lock and unlock task using a different dataset (unseen data) was the goal of the sixth experiment, which achieved an accuracy of 92.8%. This indicates the hybrid model assesses the left and right hands' ability to decode the MI signal. Consequently, The RF-VGG19 model can aid the BCI-MI community by simplifying the implementation of the mobile biometric authentication requirement, specifically in subject identification and lock and unlock classification.
An Innovative Method of Malicious Code Injection Attacks on Websites
Authors: Alnabulsi Hussein , Islam Rafiqul , Alsmadi Izzat , Bevinakoppa Savitri
Published: July 2024

This paper provides a model to identify website vulnerability to Code Injection Attacks (CIAs). The proposed model identifies vulnerabilities to CIA of various websites, to check vulnerable to CIAs. The lack of existing models in providing checking against code injection has motivated this paper to present a new and enhanced model against web code injection attacks that uses SQL injections and Cross-Site Script (XSS) injections. This paper previews a self-checking protection model which enables web administrators to know whether their current protection program is adequate, or whether a website needs stronger protection against CIAs. The Automated Injection’s model is to check vulnerable to cod injection. The checking methodology consists of many intrusion methods that the attacker may use to launch code injection attacks. Methodology can give a high precision of CIA vulnerability checking for a website compared with other approaches (the minimum accuracy different between proposed approach and other approaches is 3.15%). CIAs can be a serious problem for vulnerable websites including stealing, deleting, or altering important data. Extensive experiments are conducted and compared with existing research [e.g. 1, 5, and 9] to study the effectiveness of the proposed model that can check whether a website is vulnerable to CIAs. The performance of the suggested approach has been tested on SQL injections and XSS injections. The studies showed that the detection rate of our model is 95.27%, and the false positive rate is 5.55%.
Integration Between Network Intrusion Detection and Machine Learning Techniques to Optimizing Network Security
Authors: Elzaridi Khalid , Kurnaz Sefer
Published: July 2024

In an increasingly linked world beset with cybersecurity risks, the necessity for powerful intrusion detection systems (IDS) is paramount. This thesis proposes a fresh approach to IDS development. using modern ma-chine learning algorithms and feature selection techniques to boost detection accuracy and resistance. Draw-ing upon lessons from earlier research, we address fundamental flaws in existing IDS approaches. emphasis on scalability and susceptibility to advanced assaults. Our suggested hybrid model, incorporating Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Machines, and Neural Networks, obtains a remarkable accuracy rate of 96% in identifying network intrusions. Utilizing the Intrusion Detection Evaluation Dataset (CIC-IDS2017), Our trials illustrate the efficacy of the proposed technique in real-world circumstances. This research contributes to the evolution of cybersecurity techniques by delivering practical insights for strengthening the security and resilience of digital infrastructures.
Machine learning based Lung Disease Prediction Using Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Sheela M.Sahaya , Amirthayogam G. , Hephzipah J. Jasmine , Gopalakrishnan S. , Chand S.Ravi
Published: July 2024

Lung disease prediction is a critical issue in today's world. However, in the past two years, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a broad range and, in a limited percentage of people, a notable effect on the lungs. In the past, the fuzzy logic method has been used to classify lung disease prediction, but it has faced challenges such as difficulties in identifying segmented regions and output inaccuracies. To solve the issue Convolutional neural networks are used in machine learning to predict lung condition. The preprocessing based weighted average filter gives greater weight to the central value, making its contribution more significant than that of other values and can regulate the degree of image blurring. The process of segmenting based on region split and merge techniques involves separating one or more areas or entities in an image according to a size of m by n at one level of a threshold value. This segmented in multiple sub-regions of the same size, indicating a fundamental representational structure, from that Image classification using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is a type of neural network specifically designed to extract distinct characteristics from segmented data. They are often used in tasks such as lung disease prediction and recognition due to their ability to identify intricate details in clustered data. The approach was evaluated using the MATLAB tool, a novel CNN with multiple image processing technique in our experiment to efficiently classify lung illnesses under typical circumstances, the average accuracy increased up to 97%. The results of this study show significant improvement in the prognosis of lung prediction in medical filed.
Penggunaan Kitab-kitab Rijal dalam Penilaian Periwayat Hadis
Authors: Azzami Abdulloh , Arifin Tajul
Published: July 2024

Rijal books play an essential role in hadith studies by providing detailed information on the biographies and evaluations of hadith narrators. Through this literature, hadith scholars can assess the reliability and credibility of narrators, which helps determine the authenticity of the hadiths they transmit. This article explores the methodology in rijal books, their relevance in contemporary hadith studies, and the challenges they face in the modern context. The methodologies used include sanad criticism, compiling the biographies of narrators, and evaluating reputations based on scholars' testimonies. Sanad criticism ensures the continuity and trustworthiness of the transmission chain, while narrator biographies provide a comprehensive view of the narrators' lives, education, and activities. Reputation evaluation gathers opinions from scholars who know the narrators. The use of rijal books remains relevant in hadith verification, sanad criticism, hadith education, and academic research. They also offer insights into the social, political, and cultural contexts of the narrators, which are crucial for interpreting hadiths in the modern context. However, there are several challenges in their use, including limited information, the influence of historical context, and the need to integrate modern methodologies. Digital technology offers broader access but also raises challenges of validity and reliability of information. Major rijal books such as Al-Tarikh al-Kabir by Imam al-Bukhari and Al-Jam'u Bayna Rijal al-Shahihayn by Ibn Qirani, as well as other works like Ushul al-Ghabah Fi Ma’rifatil Asma’is Shahabah and Al-Thabaqat al-Kubra, make significant contributions to hadith studies. By understanding the methodologies and challenges in using rijal books, we can better appreciate the complexity and importance of hadith studies in the Islamic tradition. These books remain an important reference for anyone wishing to delve into hadith science and ensure the authenticity and validity of hadith chains.