bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Brand Image and Service Quality on the Choosing Decision Bank Syariah Indonesia with Religiosity as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Asy’ari Abul Hasan , Ekawati Aminah
Published: December 2024

Islamic banks are financial institutions that operate according to Sharia principles. In 2021, the Indonesian government consolidated several Islamic banks into Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) to strengthen the Islamic finance sector. However, the growth of Islamic banks remains relatively modest compared to conventional banks. Brand image and service quality are critical factors influencing customers’ choice of BSI, with religiosity also playing a significant role in shaping the demand for Sharia-compliant services. This study aims to evaluate the impact of brand image and service quality on the decision to choose BSI, considering religiosity as a moderating variable. The study was conducted with 105 BSI customers in South Kalimantan, selected through purposive sampling. Thirteen indicators were used, including three for brand image, five for service quality, two for religiosity, and three for choice decision. Data was collected via questionnaires distributed to BSI customers, and analysis was performed using SEM-PLS to assess both the measurement and structural models. The results revealed that brand image and service quality significantly influence the decision to choose BSI. Religiosity was found to moderate the impact of brand image on choice decisions but did not have a moderating effect on service quality. These findings suggest that BSI should focus on enhancing its brand image and improving service quality to attract a broader clientele and reinforce its position as a preferred institution for financial transactions.
The Impact of Marketing Mix on Consumer Green Product Purchase Intention in Hochiminh City, Vietnam
Authors: The Hung Dr Dinh , Linh Nguyen Phuong , Tien Dinh Thuy
Published: December 2024

Amidst the severe degradation of the global environment, awareness of environmental protection issues has been steadily increasing. Consequently, green products are gradually becoming a new consumer trend, though encouraging consumers to choose green products remains challenging. This paper examines how consumers respond to the sustainable development initiatives undertaken by marketers and businesses. The study explores the impact of green marketing mix strategies (the green 4Ps) on consumers’ intentions to purchase green products in Vietnam. A quantitative approach was employed, surveying 104 green product consumers in Hochiminh city through a convenience sampling questionnaire. The results indicate that the elements of the marketing mix positively influence the intention to consume green products. Based on these findings, the authors propose several policy implications to enhance the effectiveness of the marketing mix strategy in boosting consumer intention to adopt green products.
Nutrient dynamics and yield of tomato with different fertilizer sources and nutrient solution concentrations
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Sánchez-del Castillo Felipe , Moreno-Pérez Esaú del Carmen ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Pineda-Pineda Joel ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Aragón-Ramírez Luis Alberto ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo
Published: December 2024

The cost of highly soluble fertilizers has increased in recent years, impacting on the economic profitability of crops grown in greenhouse hydroponic systems. The aim was to evaluate water and macronutrient consumption in tomato plants, to compare the yield when using a nutrient solution made with low-cost, poorly soluble fertilizers versus a high-cost, highly soluble conventional formulation, and to compare the use of a conventional nutrient solution at different concentrations. An ‘El Cid’ tomato crop cycle of 85 days from transplanting to harvest was established. Two nutrient solution formulations (conventional and alternative) were tested at two concentrations (100 and 80 %). Morphological variables, dry matter weight, yield, and nutrient dynamics of N, P, K, Ca and Mg were evaluated. A randomized complete block design with six replications was used. Treatments with conventional formulations had higher yields than those managed with less soluble sources (2.12 vs. 1.62 kg∙plant-1). The 80 % conventional formulation, with a yield of 2.11 kg∙plant-1, was the most cost-effective. To produce 1 kg of fruit, plants consumed 28.4 L of water and absorbed 1.58 g of N, 0.70 g of P, 3.17 g of K, 1.51 g of Ca and 0.60 g of Mg.
The role of tax policies in shaping the digital economy: Addressing challenges and harnessing opportunities for sustainable growth
Authors: Abiola Oyeronke Akintobi  , Ifeanyi Chukwunonso Okeke  , Olajumoke Bolatito Ajani
Published: December 2024

The digital economy is transforming global markets, driving innovation, and reshaping traditional business models. However, it presents significant challenges for existing tax systems, including issues of tax avoidance, evasion, jurisdictional disputes, and the complexities of taxing intangible assets. This paper explores the role of tax policies in addressing these challenges and leveraging opportunities to foster sustainable growth. It examines global trends and policy innovations, including the OECD's two-pillar solution, digital service taxes, and emerging approaches such as destination-based taxation and blockchain integration. The paper underscores the importance of harmonizing tax policies to balance fairness, innovation, and compliance while promoting investment in digital infrastructure and reducing the digital divide. Recommendations for policymakers emphasize the need for international collaboration, modernization of tax frameworks, and targeted incentives to drive digital transformation. By aligning tax policies with the dynamics of the digital economy, governments can create a resilient, equitable, and sustainable foundation for future growth.
Keywords: Digital Economy, Tax Policies, Sustainable Growth, OECD BEPS, Digital Service Taxes, International Cooperation.
DESAFIOS NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES PARA AVALIAÇÕES INCLUSIVAS NO CONTEXTO DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Santana Telma Lustosa Silva , Borré Aline Paula , Gondim Cristiane da Silva Reis , Marino Lourdes Miranda , Silva Ludimila Fernandes da , Silva Welington José Rosa
Published: December 2024

Este capítulo investigou os desafios enfrentados na formação de professores para avaliações inclusivas na educação básica. O problema central abordou a falta de preparo dos docentes para lidar com as necessidades de alunos com deficiência e a eficácia das políticas públicas voltadas à educação inclusiva. O objetivo geral foi identificar os principais desafios da formação docente para a implementação de avaliações inclusivas, buscando compreender a relação entre as políticas públicas e as práticas de avaliação nas escolas. A metodologia adotada foi uma revisão bibliográfica, com análise de estudos e pesquisas anteriores sobre o tema. Os resultados indicaram que a formação inicial dos professores muitas vezes não prepara os docentes para aplicar avaliações inclusivas, sendo necessária uma formação continuada. Além disso, observou-se que, embora as políticas públicas tenham avançado no reconhecimento da educação inclusiva, sua aplicação nas práticas de avaliação ainda enfrenta
LITERATURA E INCLUSÃO: PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS PARA A DIVERSIDADE
Authors: Almeida Armstrong Pereira de , Moura Cleberson Cordeiro de , Gondim Cristiane da Silva Reis , Lira Eder , Melo Nadilene Nery de , Vieira Núbia Nara Rocha , Cherubini Paulo Vinícius Ferreira
Published: December 2024

Este capítulo investigou como a literatura infantil e a diversidade cultural contribuíram para o processo de inclusão escolar, buscando entender a relação entre esses elementos e a promoção de atitudes inclusivas. O objetivo geral foi analisar de que forma a literatura infantil e a formação docente voltada para a diversidade poderiam promover um ambiente escolar inclusivo. A pesquisa utilizou metodologia de revisão bibliográfica, com análise de obras relacionadas à inclusão, literatura infantil e práticas pedagógicas culturais. Os resultados indicaram que a literatura infantil desempenhou um papel significativo no desenvolvimento de atitudes de respeito e empatia entre os alunos, ao apresentar personagens e contextos diversos. Adicionalmente, constatou-se que a formação docente para a diversidade foi essencial para que os professores pudessem implementar práticas inclusivas de forma efetiva, apesar das barreiras estruturais e institucionais identificadas. Nas considerações finais, o estudo ressaltou a relevância de integrar a literatura infantil e uma formação docente direcionada para a diversidade, apontando a necessidade de políticas educacionais que incentivem essas práticas. Concluiu-se que a combinação desses fatores contribui para a construção de um ambiente escolar inclusivo e acolhedor, embora estudos futuros sejam recomendados para ampliar a investigação sobre estratégias de ensino que favoreçam a inclusão.
Introduction à l’analyse et la modélisation fractales en géographie humaine
Authors: TANNIER Cécile , SÉMÉCURBE François
Published: December 2024

De nombreux modèles ont été conçus pour décrire et expliquer les formes de la distribution spatiale des implantations humaines. Les figures géométriques qui sous-tendent ces modèles, cercles, anneaux, triangles, (…) sont lisses et régulières. Or, les distributions spatiales des implantations humaines sont fondamentalement non uniformes et très irrégulières. Les modèles fractals permettent de décrire et caractériser de telles répartitions spatiales.
Figures fractales de référence
Authors: TANNIER Cécile
Published: December 2024

Certaines figures fractales peuvent être utilisées comme des approximations pour décrire la nature, au même titre que les figures de la géométrie euclidienne – triangles, cercles, sphères cylindres, etc. Ce chapitre présente un large éventail de figures fractales et décrit leurs propriétés pour l’étude des formes en géographie humaine.
Méthodes élémentaires d’analyse fractale en géographie humaine
Authors: TANNIER Cécile , MONTERO Gaëtan , SÉMÉCURBE François , THOMAS Isabelle
Published: December 2024

Ce chapitre expose les principes présidant à l’estimation de dimensions fractales d’un ensemble d’implantations humaines (objets ponctuels, linéaires ou surfaciques). Trois méthodes d’analyse sont décrites en détail et deux d’entre elles (analyses fractales de boîte et de corrélation) sont appliquées pour étudier cinquante tissus bâtis réels et théoriques.
Principes d’aménagement et d’urbanisme fractal
Authors: TANNIER Cécile
Published: December 2024

Ce chapitre offre un état de l’art approfondi des recherches ayant appliqué la géométrie fractale pour répondre à des questions d’aménagement urbain et d’urbanisme. Les hypothèses relatives aux avantages fonctionnels de formes bâties et non bâties fractales sont discutées en détail, ainsi que la possibilité ou non d’édicter des normes fractales d’aménagement.
L’émergence de conditions propices à la vie dans l’univers
Authors: VLADILO Juan
Published: December 2024

Un aperçu de l'apparition des conditions nécessaires à la vie dans l'Univers est fourni. Les propriétés de vie sont utilisées pour déduire quels ingrédients et conditions sont requis pour l’habitabilité. L'assemblage d'ingrédients prébiotiques dans l'espace, la formation de planètes rocheuses et la recherche de mondes habitables sont décrits. Les environnements planétaires propices à l'abiogenèse et les perspectives de détection de biosphères éloignées sont résumés.
Une logique de l’évolution du code génétique en relation avec la stabilité de l’ARN et les structures protéiques
Authors: TRAVERS Andrew
Published: December 2024

Ce chapitre discute des preuves de l'évolution du code génétique vers sa forme actuelle. Il suggère que la sélection initiale des paires codon-anticodon dépendait de la conservation d'une structure d'ARN relativement stable contenant l'anticodon et également de la stabilisation des structures d'ARNm simple brin par empilement de bases.
Le rôle du formamide dans la chimie prébiotique
Authors: SALADINO Raffaele , COSTANZO Giovanna , BIZZARRI Bruno Mattia
Published: December 2024

Plusieurs indices suggèrent que le formamide et certains de ses dérivés pourraient agir comme précurseurs prébiotiques pour la synthèse de nombreuses molécules organiques. Les réactions étudiées montrent une grande efficacité en présence de minéraux terrestres et extraterrestres et se produisent sous le contrôle de formes d'énergie largement répandues au niveau planétaire et spatial. L'action contemporaine de l'évolution moléculaire et de la chimomimèse, associée à la capacité de modéliser différents conditions géochimiques et géophysiques primitives, font de la chimie prébiotique du formamide un valable moyen d'enquête pour étudier l'origine de la vie.
Un éloge de l’imperfection : émergence et évolution du métabolisme
Authors: PERETÓ Juli
Published: December 2024

La promiscuité des enzymes joue un rôle essentiel dans l'évolution du métabolisme. Les catalyseurs multifonctionnels ne résolvent pas seulement le problème de la régression infinie, mais contribuent également à l'adaptabilité et à l'innovation des systèmes biologiques. Les imperfections inhérentes à la vie, telles que la dégénérescence fonctionnelle intrinsèque, la plasticité structurelle et la stochasticité, remettent en question les idéaux d'ingénierie de la biologie synthétique.
Virus, viroïdes et les origines de la vie
Authors: DEAMER David , MAUREL Marie-Christine
Published: December 2024

Qu’est-ce qui est apparu en premier ? Les acides nucléiques de type viral ou la vie cellulaire ? Le plus petit virus possède un génome de 859 paires de bases et deux gènes. Les viroïdes, brins infectieux d'ARN circulaire composés de 250 à 400 nucléotides seulement, sont encore plus petits. Ce chapitre explore la proposition selon laquelle les viroïdes pourraient avoir émergé en tant qu’entités libres bien avant que la vie cellulaire ne commence.
Épigénétique et amélioration des animaux d’élevage
Authors: COUSTHAM Vincent , PITEL Frédérique
Published: December 2024

L’élevage des animaux de rente doit tenir compte des enjeux environnementaux tels que le changement climatique et l'utilisation des ressources naturelles. Ce chapitre décrit comment les connaissances acquises en épigénétique offrent de nouvelles perspectives pour améliorer performance et la santé des animaux via la sélection génétique et le développement de stratégies innovantes de programmation des phénotypes.
L’épigénétique dans l’évolution
Authors: GRUNAU Christoph , WEYRICH Alexandra
Published: December 2024

Ce chapitre explore comment l’information épigénétique pourrait être intégrée dans la compréhension de l’évolution. L’épigénétique peut à la fois influencer l’expression génétique et les caractéristiques phénotypiques, et représente également une information qui est héritable. Elle remplit donc les conditions nécessaires pour jouer un rôle dans l’évolution en permettant une réponse rapide et flexible aux changements environnementaux. L'hérédité épigénétique peut compléter l'hérédité génétique dans un système composé de ces deux supports.
Épigénétique et société : l’épigénétique dans la presse francophone
Authors: DUBOIS Michel , GUASPARE Catherine , LOUVEL Séverine
Published: December 2024

Depuis les années 2000, les médias relayent largement les avancées de la recherche en épigénétique, et leurs possibles implications pour la société. Ce chapitre explore les raisons de l’engouement de la presse pour l’épigénétique. Quels messages les journaux estiment-ils pertinents de faire passer ? Ce chapitre analyse un corpus de titres de presse publiés en langue française sur la période 2017-2021.
Épigénétique et éléments transposables
Authors: VITTE Clémentine , CHAMBEYRON Séverine , VIEIRA Cristina
Published: December 2024

Les éléments transposables sont des séquences d’ADN capables de se déplacer dans les génomes et dont la mobilité est limitée par divers processus, incluant des mécanismes épigénétiques. Après une description des caractéristiques des éléments transposables et de leur régulation, nous présentons comment ces séquences peuvent influencer le fonctionnement des génomes, pour le pire, mais aussi pour le meilleur.
Plasticité phénotypique, épigénétique et adaptabilité
Authors: GIBERT Patricia , VIEIRA Cristina , BRUNET Frédéric
Published: December 2024

La plasticité phénotypique est définie comme la capacité pour un génotype à produire différents phénotypes dans différents environnements. Plasticité phénotypique et épigénétique sont deux concepts fréquemment confondus à tort. L’objectif de ce chapitre est donc de clarifier la notion de plasticité phénotypique, son évolution, son impact sur les processus évolutifs ainsi que ses liens avec l’épigénétique.
A case report of fracture-related infection with Metamycoplasma hominis in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Gokani Karishma , Balasubramanian Prabu , Matthews Edward , Samarasinghe Dunisha
Published: December 2024

Abstract. We report a case of post-traumatic Metamycoplasma hominis fracture-related infection of the right femur in a young male with no identified immunodeficiency. Treatment required multiple washouts and femoral nail revision, combined with 10 weeks of treatment with doxycycline and clindamycin.
Dynamically optimal models of atmospheric motion
Authors: Voronovich Alexander G.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. A derivation of discrete dynamical equations for the dry atmosphere in the absence of dissipative processes based on the least action (i.e. Hamilton's) principle is presented. This approach can be considered the finite-element method applied to the calculation and minimization of the action. The algorithm possesses the following characteristic features: For a given set of grid points and a given forward operator (i.e. the mode of interpolation), through the minimization of action, the algorithm ensures maximal closeness (in a broad sense) of the evolution of the discrete system to the motion of the continuous atmosphere (a dynamically optimal algorithm). The grid points can be irregularly spaced, allowing for variable spatial resolution. The spatial resolution can be adjusted locally while executing calculations. By using a set of tetrahedra as finite elements the algorithm ensures a better representation of the topography (piecewise linear rather than staircase). The algorithm automatically calculates the evolution of passive tracers by following the trajectories of the fluid particles, which ensures that all tracer properties required a priori are satisfied. For testing purposes, the algorithm is realized in 2D, and a numerical example representing a convection event is presented.
Desigualdad estructural de género e industria tecnológica. Una aproximación al impacto combinado de la cultura laboral masculinizada y el acoso de género online, en el sector de los videojuegos
Authors: Moldes Farelo Rocío
Published: December 2024

La brecha digital de género es el resultado de un proceso cuyos factores actúan primero para desincentivar el interés de las mujeres en las áreas de la ciencia, la ingeniería y la tecnología y después su presencia en estos sectores. La identificación de culturas laborales masculinizadas (Hewlett et al, 2008), asi como las prácticas que componen el acoso de género en línea (Jankowicz et al, 2021), son el soporte teórico de este trabajo que tiene dos objetivos. El primero, identificar la retroalimentación entre las culturas masculinizadas y las prácticas de acoso de género online en la industria tecnológica y el segundo, explorar la influencia de dicha retroalimentación en la contemporánea segregación ocupacional de las profesionales en el sector de los videojuegos.
La metodología, de carácter cualitativo, se basa en el análisis de los testimonios de profesionales del sector de los videojuegos. El material empírico analizado se ha extraido de los testimonios presentados en los capítulos I, II, IV y IX del documental “Nerfeadas”. La identificación de los informantes se recoge como anexo al final del trabajo. Los resultados constatan como el acoso online, sostenido por una cultura sexista, disuade primero de acceder y presiona después para abandonar el sector de los videojuegos a las mujeres, limitando su presencia en todas las áreas. Conclusiones y discusión. La imagen de modernidad que proyecta la industria de los videojuegos puede ser un freno cara a identificar las situaciones de desigualdad experimentadas por las mujeres, profusamente constatada por los datos. Para visibilizar el talento femenino y desafiar la iniquidad de las estructuras es necesario implementar medidas concretas (plataformas de gestión de denuncias, identificación del contenido amenazante, etc.), que contribuyan a la construcción de entornos más equitativos y seguros.
Exploring Post-Traumatic Transformation: Transitivity Analysis of the Novel Where the Crawdads Sing by Delia Owens
Authors: Hassan Uzma , Bilal Rafia , Bilal Arjamand
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study is to examine the role of transitivity processes by exploring the post-traumatic transformation of the female protagonist after enduring different life traumas in Delia Owens’ novel, Where the Crawdads Sing. The study employs Halliday’s transitivity analysis as an analytical framework and Richard Tedeschi’s post-traumatic growth as a theoretical framework. Transitivity analysis extracted 199 clauses from the novel Where the Crawdads Sing. These clauses are further broken down into processes and participants etc. providing a detailed interpretation of how post-traumatic transformation is depicted. The findings indicate that post-traumatic transformation is predominantly portrayed through linguistic choices in the form of transitivity processes. The dominant process is the material process counted as 95. The transitivity processes in the novel unveil the female protagonist as the main participant experiencing traumas and achieving post-traumatic transformation in her life. This study highlights the significance of transitivity analysis to better comprehend the function of language in creating meaning in text.
PEMBUATAN QR CODE DI RUPBASAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Zannara Dicky Ilham , Priyatmono Budi , Soge Markus Marselinus
Published: December 2024

Rupbasan adalah lembaga yang bertanggung jawab untuk melakukan pengelolaan terhadap semua benda sitaan dan barang rampasan negara. Rupbasan adalah tempat untuk menyimpan benda yang sita oleh negara untuk keperluan proses pereadilan, sedangkan yang dimaksud dengan prose peradilan adalah proses pemeriksaan perkara pada tahapan tingkat penyidikan, pemeriksaan pada tingkat penuntutan dan pmeriksaan pada tingkat peradilan. Hasil dari kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata ini ialah diantaranya terciptanya efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam kinerja pegawai dengan menggunakan pemanfaatan teknologi, meminimalisir terjadinya gangguan keamanan dan ketertiban di area Rupbasan Kelas I Yogyakarta di masa pandemic covid – 19, serta program ini diharapkan mampu menunjang kinerja Rupbasan Kelas I Yogyakarta dalam mencapai predikat Zona Integritas menuju Wilayah Bebas dari Korupsi (WBK) serta Wilayah Birokrasi Bersih dan Melayani (WBBM). Inovasi yang dilakukan adalah dengan memanfaatkan teknologi dan gawai yang tentunya dimiliki oleh setiap petugas atau staf dari Rubasan Kelas I Yogyakarta. Pemanfaatan teknologinya adalah dengan membuat gform dan memudahkan dengan metode penggunaan QR Code. Diharapkan kualitas kinerja pada unit pelaksana teknis Rupbasan Kelas I Yogyakarta akan menjadi lebih baik dan nantinya akan memajukan divisi pemasyarakatan Kanwil Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.
Pemanfaatan Dukungan Pemerintah Menjadikan Klien Mandiri Dalam Era Digitalisasi Di Bapas Kelas II Pati
Authors: Wati Niken Rachma , Putri Eka Mawarni , Equatora Muhammad Ali , Tando Cahyoko Edi
Published: December 2024

This journal reviews the use of government support through personal guidance and independence to make clients independent in the digitalization era at the Pati Class II Prison. This is expected to increase the sensitivity of cadets to social problems that have the potential to violate the law in general that are faced by the community, especially people who are dealing with and in conflict with the law and are able to see the resource system available in the community. In addition, this activity is expected to overcome problems by encouraging clients to be creative and able to seize business opportunities for the delivery that has been delivered to clients, provide motivation that can encourage clients in personality and entrepreneurial programs, encourage clients to be more independent and have strong self-confidence to be able to do business through self-motivating programs for clients and to achieve the goals of the program being carried out. The method used in the implementation of community macro community guidance practices, community empowerment and development is carried out through community guidance methods which include Community Base Correction, and Community Development
PENERAPAN ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA PASIEN HALUSINASI PENDENGARAN DAN PEMBERIAN TERAPI OKUPASI: MENGGAMBAR
Authors: Ayu Dekawaty
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang : Halusinasi pendengaran dapat ditandai dengan perilaku seseorang yang tiba-tiba sering tertawa sendiri, kemudian sering mengobrol atau berbicara sendiri, marah-marah, hingga menutup telinga karena pasien menganggap ada yang berbicara dengan dirinya. Halusinasi pendengaran selain dapat diatasi secara farmakologi penderita halusinasi pendengaran dapat diberikan penanganan non farmakologi salah satunya dengan cara menerapkan terapi okupasi menggambar. Terapi   okupasi   merupakan   suatu   ilmu  keterampilan   atau   seni  yang   digunakan   untuk  menyesuaikan  kemampuan  yang  pernah  dimiliki  atau  disukai  oleh  pasien,  salah  satu penerapan terapi okupasi dimana  mengasah keterampilan pasien mengenai kegiatan motorik seperti menggambar. Tujuan Penelitian : Menganalisis asuhan keperawatan dengan masalah Halusinasi Pendengaran dengan penerapan terapi okupasi menggambar. Metode Penelitian : Menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif dengan strategi penelitian kualitatif Case Study Research (CSR) atau penelitian studi kasus. Hasil : Terdapat penurunan skor  pada lembar  Audiotory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS) pada pasien halusinasi pendengaran dengan jumlah skor sebelum dilakukan terapi okupasi menggambar sebesar 28 dan setelah diberikan menurun menjadi 26. Kesimpulan : Terapi okupasi menggambar merupakan salah satu terapi alternatif untuk mengalihkan pikiran seseorang agar tidak terfokus pada halusinasinya.
Pengaruh DM thd ABI
Authors: Rini Puji Setya , Miskiyah Tamar  , Sri Tirtayanti
Published: December 2024

Pengaruh DM thd ABI
Intentions and Representations
Authors: Gallagher Shaun
Published: December 2024

Kathy Wilkes’s essays on explanations and representations, and especially her interaction with Daniel Dennett, raise questions about whether some notion of representation can explain action intention. Wilkes is not sure whether subpersonal representations are real, but she thinks that the most pragmatic strategy is to take the intentional stance and accept the usefulness of personal level intentions, even if we have to worry that this does not give us a scientific explanation. Wilkes’s skepticism about subpersonal representations, and even about the appropriateness of the notion of subpersonal levels of explanation, seems to fit with more recent embodied-enactive approaches to cognition. Considerations about the nature of cognitive mechanisms and animal intelligence prevent her from moving in that direction, however. These insights suggest that Wilkes’ analysis continues to be directly relevant to contemporary discussions.
Human and Artificial Decision Making
Authors: Katsikopoulos Konstantinos V.
Published: December 2024

Machines can now match, or outperform, human performance in several reasoning and decision tasks. Some say that all that intelligence amounts to is smart computation. This is not a new thesis, dating back to Leibniz as well as Simon and Newell, but what is new is what smart means. Today it is identified with complex statistics and optimisation. Simon’s meaning, however, of smart rested on bounded rationality, a unified view of human and artificial decision making. This view was f l eshed out by Gigerenzer as fast-and-frugal heuristics. Interestingly, such heuristics are typically sparse, as some machine learning models are optimised to be. So, one might hope that we can make sense of artificial intelligence in human terms after all, and face the upcoming challenges with open-mindedness and courage, just like Simon, and of course Wilkes, would have done.
The Black Medick (Medicago lupulina L.) extraction Cytotoxic activity
Authors: T.V. Prostodusheva , M.V. Kiselevskii , D.O. Bokov , S.G. Zaichikova , A.M. Antsyshkina , N.V. Bobkova , A.V. Strelyaeva , D.A. Konovalchik , M.N. Rodin , S.G.S. Shalburova
Published: December 2024

The effect of theblack medick (Medicago lupulina L.) herbextraction cytotoxic activity of healthy donors and cancer patients’ lymphocytes was studied. It was established that the extraction of M. lupulina has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells and activates the antitumor activity of natural killers by interleukin – 2up-regulation. Theextraction of M. lupulina has a direct cytotoxic effect on the line of K-562 human tumor cells in a concentration not lower than 5mg/ml; Increases the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes in healthy donors and oncological patients against K-562 tumor cells in a concentration of at least 1.0mg/ml by 18% and by 23% accordingly. At the same concentration, it causes a reliable increase of 12% in the level of interleukin-2 in healthy donors and of 17% in oncological patients without effect of on the level of interleukin-1. The mechanism of M. lupulina activation influence on the cellular link of antitumor immunity can be related to the ability of biologically active substances isolated from alfalfa hops to stimulate release of regular cytokines from lymphocytes, inter alia, IL-2.M. lupulina herb can be used to create effective and low-toxic preventive medicines containing flavonoids. Natural flavonoids have a more selective and mild effect.The effect of the M. lupulina extracton cytotoxic activity of healthy donors and cancer patients lymphocytes was studied. It was established that the M. lupulina extract on has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells and activates the antitumor activity of natural killers by interleukin – 2up-regulation.
Nanoparticles of Muntingia calabura L. Ethanol extract: Preparation and Anti-inflammatory activity
Authors: Ismanelly Hanum Tengku , Lendora Maha Hetty , Sri Wahyuni Henny , Fadli Rahmad , Yuliasari Saragih Indah
Published: December 2024

Kersen (Muntingiaa calabura L.) is one of the plants empirically used by the public as an anti-inflammatory drug. Muntingiaa calabura is a flowering plant belonging to the Elaocarpaceae family. Kersen contains flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The flavonoids that are contained in Kersen are flavones, flavanones, flavanones, and biflavan. Flavonoids have received much attention because of their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Nanotechnology is intended to increase the capability activities of Kersen leaves phytochemical compounds. In nano size, the surface contact area of particles becomes more extensive, which can increase the number of active substances isolated, thus increasing anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to prepare and determine the anti-inflammatory activity of nanoparticles of ethanol extract kersen leaves (NEEKL) (Muntingia calabura L.). Preparation of NEEKL by ionic gelation method using variations of chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP-S), then characterized for its particle size and morphology. The anti-inflammatory activity of NEEKL was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method. It was performed in six different groups. Each group consisted of 4 rats. The negative control was given 0.5% CMC-Na suspension; the positive control was given diclofenac sodium 4.5mg/kg body weight; the 3rd and 4th were given NEEKL as much 100, 300mg/kg body weight; 5th groups were given ethanolic extract kersen leaves (EEKL), and 6th group was given 1% chitosan-TPP-S. The measurements were done in 6 hours with intervals of 60 minutes. All the data obtained were statistically analyzed. The NEEKL with variation chitosan: TPP-S (1.5:1) had the smallest particle size (94.21nm). Based on the percentage of inflammation, there was a significant difference between negative control and no significant difference between positive control and other groups. The percentage of anti-inflammatory activity of positive control, NEEKL (100mg/kg body weight), NEEKL (300mg/kg body weight), EEKL (500mg/kg body weight), and chitosan-TPPS complex were 86.10±0.90%; 81.16±0.55%; 84.47±0.85%; 85.51±1.56%, and 77.44±1.83% respectively. EEKL can be made in the form of nanoparticles using the ionic gelation method to fulfill the nanoparticle requirements. NEEKL has effective anti-inflammatory activity at a dose of 300mg/kg body weight.
Prevalence and Association of MTHFR A1298C Polymorphism with risk of Colorectal cancer in Syrian patients
Authors: Khuder Rana , Hasan Nouma , Salloum Mazen , Al-shamali Suzan , Abedallaa` Nader
Published: December 2024

Colorectal cancer is among the top three most prevalent cancers globally. The situation in Syria mirrors the world statistics and colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Syria in both males and females. MTHFR gene, also known as 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is located on chromosome1.MTHFR is a main enzyme in folate metabolism. The A1298C polymorphism is in exon 7 of MTHFR gene, leads to a glutamate to alanine replacement at codon 429, this polymorphism lies in the C-terminal end of the enzyme. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and association of A1298C polymorphism with risk of colorectal cancer. RT-PCR was used to identify the genotypes. The results showed that 62% of colorectal cancer patients had AA (wild type) genotype, 26% of the patients had AC (heterozygote) and 12% had CC (mutant), while 40% of healthy individuals had AA genotype, 30% had AC and 30% had CC. The analysis revealed no significant association between the A1298C polymorphism and risk of colorectal cancer (P value>0.05).We furtherdetermined the association of each genotype with risk of colon cancer alone and with rectal cancer alone.The analysis demonstratedthat CC genotype is a protective factor against colon cancer (OR=0.140, CI=95%, P value =0.033). However, no association between A1298C and the risk of rectal cancer(P value>0.05) was found.In conclusion, the A1298C polymorphism might be associated with reduced risk of colon cancer. Nevertheless, this genetic polymorphism might have no effect on the risk ofrectal cancer
Reckoning the Antioxidant Potential of Lyophilized Extract of Stevia rebaudiana Leaves
Authors: Prakash Kushwaha Shom , Misbahul Hasan Syed , Singh Kuldeep , Kumar Arun , Arif Muhammad
Published: December 2024

World Health Organization recommends a reduction in calorie intake by an individual. The antioxidant activity and low calorie profile of stevia leaves assists the people to move towards a state of finest health. The foremost antioxidants are known to get impacted by the method of drying. Drying significantly affects the thermal stability and volatile contents of stevia leaves. This prompted us for the development of a lyophilization method which may yield the stevia leaves extract having profound antioxidant activity. Stevia rebaudiana leaves were subjected to aqueous extraction by percolation method to yield to dark brown extract. The extract was divided into two fractions and subjected to drying via lyophilization and evaporation respectively. The dried extracts were analysed for chemical constituents and in-vitro antioxidant activity. Total phenolics content in the lyophilized fraction exhibited phenolics content (mg gallic acid equivalent per gram weight of dry extract) 10.09 as compared to that obtained by conventional evaporation (06.26). Total flavonoids content in the lyophilized fraction and conventionally dried fraction were 11.59 and 08.26 respectively as mg quercetin per gram weight of dry extract. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl inhibition assays (IC50, µg/mL) were executed using ascorbic acid (15.48) as reference. Lyophilized and conventional extracts exhibited IC50 of 26.48 and 36.21 respectively. Thus lyophilization of the aqueous Stevia rebaudiana leaves results in higher phenolic and flavonoid contents and superior DPPH inhibition. Consequently, utilization of lyophilized extract may be valuablefor development of nutraceuticals.
A Simple and Sophisticated RP-HPLC Approach for Quantifying of Irinotecan in API and in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Kumar Gupta Shiv , Sachan Neetu , Chandra Phool , Kumar Sharma Arun
Published: December 2024

Irinotecan is an anti-cancer drug used for the treatment of ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA-topoisomerase, type I. A simple, accurate and precise assay and rapid stability indicating RP-HPLC method has been developed and subsequently validated for the quantitative estimation of Irinotecan in API and its parental preparation. Proposed method is based on identification of drug Irinotecan in reversed phase mode using water’s C18 column maintained at an ambient temperature. The optimum mobile phase consist of mixture of Acetonitrile: Mixed phosphate buffer (potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.01mm) with 1.0ml triethylamine) (30:70v/v) and pH was adjusted to 2.5 with O-Phosphoric acid (1:100,v/v). The flow rate was maintained at 0.8 ml/min. The injection volume was 20ml and detected at the wavelength of 221nm. The method was validated according to ICH guideline. The method was found to be accurate, reproducible and linear. The drug was exposed to variable stressed conditions and was analyzed by proposed method. There were no interfering peaks from exicipients, impurities or degradative products due to variable stress conditions. Thus the proposed method is specific for the quantitative estimation of Irinotecan and can be successfully applied in the quality control and stability sample of API and its parental preparation.
Exploring the Dominance of Fungal genera in some Egyptian novel sources
Authors: Elkhateeb Waill , Faried Ahmed , El-Ghwas Dina E. , O. Elnahas Marwa , Nafady Ibrahim , Daba Ghoson
Published: December 2024

Fungi are a distinguished category of microorganisms that belong to a distinct kingdom. Biotechnological methods have significant contributions in several domains and shown generosity in manufacturing diverse metabolites that belong to distinct chemical classes and possess varying bioactivity and/or industrial applications. The mentioned advantages have fostered the habit of screening for fungus from unexplored origins. In this study, we conducted a screening to identify fungus from a distant bat cave in Assiut governorate, Egypt. Specifically, we focused on endophytic fungi found in flower petals and endolichenic fungi found in lichen. As a consequence, 17 distinct fungal species were isolated, which can be classified into 12 different fungal genera. Furthermore, the morphological and microscopic identification of the 4 isolates was unattainable due to their sterile mycelia appearance. Therefore, four individual specimens were genetically identified by sequencing their ITS regions as Rhizomucor miehei NRCWA, Penicillium chrysogenum NRCWA, P. polonicum NRCWA, and P. crustosum NRCWA. The corresponding accession codes for these identifications are PP422033, PP422038, PP422039, and PP422040, respectively. This study is the initial documentation of the extraction of endophytic and endolichenic fungi from Chrysothrix candelaris specimens obtained from Egypt. Exploring and identifying fungi from unexplored sources can help uncover powerful metabolites that have potential applications in several biotechnological and industrial sectors.
Studies on Antioxidant and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt, Datura metel (Linn.) and Tagetes patula (L.) from Rupandehi District of Nepal
Authors: Subba Bimala , Kharel Prabhat , Bir Rai Ganga
Published: December 2024

In this study, we chose three traditionally used medicinal plants (T. patula, D. metel and C. grandis) to examine their bioactive constituents and xanthine oxidase inhibition potential. Phytochemical screening of studied plant leaf extracts showed these plants as rich resources of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, etc. Calculations of TPC and TFC value of plant extracts showed that T. patula content highest value of TPC (630.839±2.633mgGAE/g) and TFC (79.605±1.808mgQE/g) respectively. DPPH and FRAP assay showed D. metel leaf extract as a potent antioxidant among the selected three plant extracts with IC50 values of 0.039 mg/mL and 357.0365±0.682317mm Fe (II)/L respectively. In the antibacterial assay, T. patula leaf only showed the activity of 10mm ZOI value at a concentration of 50 mg/mL as compared to standard drug neomycin against S. aureus while other plant extracts did not show any activity. In the xanthine oxidase inhibition assay, the methanol leaf extract of C. grandis with an IC50 value of 0.491 mg/mL showed the highest xanthine oxidase inhibition activity among selected plants followed by T. patula with an IC50 value of 0.708mg/mL. The results, obtained here provide scientific support for the use of T. patula L. D. metel L. and C. grandis L, Nepal origin in traditional medicine for the treatment of gout. This is the first report on the T. patula leaves extract for xanthine oxidase inhibition activity.
Arthrodesis of the I Metatarsophalangeal Joint in the Treatment of Hallux Rigidus
Authors:   National Scientific Center Traumatology and Orthopedic named after Academician N.D. Batpenov, Tazhin Kairat , Nurakhmetov Aset ,   Samara State Medical University, Dossanova Aida ,   Аstana Medical University
Published: December 2024

The high prevalence and functional significance of the joint determines the relevance of the treatment of osteoarthritis of the I metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ). Given the disabling nature of hallux rigidus, which significantly impairs mobility and quality of life, ongoing research into its causes and treatment options remains critical.The study aims to assess the operation's result at the III-IV degrees of arthrosis and determine its effectiveness in improving the forefoot's functionality after arthrodesis on the I MTPJ.Methods. Ninety-nine patients with arthrosis I MTPJ were examined, which included 69 female and 30 male patients. All patients have III-IV a degree of the deformation of the I-phalangeal joint and intense pain syndrome. The number of patients with the idiopathic form was 77 patients, 17 patients with concomitant rheumatoid arthritis and 1 patient with gout, 4 patients had post-traumatic deformities. An outcome study was performed using clinical and radiological data. However, two VAS and AOFAS rating scales were used.Results. A survey was conducted to measure pain and assess the condition of patients before and after surgery using the VAS and AOFAS scales. The results showed that the pain rate among all 99 patients dropped from 8.7 to 0.5. Also, the AOFAS score improved from an average of 34 to 87. Most patients (77) rated the results as "excellent", while 22 patients rated them as "good". Ratings "fair" or "poor" were not received.Conclusion. Arthrodesis is an effective surgery for arthritis of the I MTPJ, but it's important to weigh the benefits against the potential complications.
Perioperative Graft Protection in Autodermoplasty of Granulating Wounds
Authors:   Pavlodar branch of the Semey Medical University, Imangazinov Sagit , Andasbekov Nursultan ,   Semey Medical University, Kairkhanov Yernar ,   Pavlodar branch of the Semey Medical University, Tashtemirova Olga ,   Pavlodar branch of the Semey Medical University, Kazangapov Rustem ,   Pavlodar branch of the Semey Medical University, Kanzhigalin Marat ,   Сity hospital No1, Pavlodar, Mursalimov Askhat ,   City Hospital No1, Pavlodar
Published: December 2024

Due to the rapid pace of technological progress, an increase in hospitalization of patients due to thermal injury is expected. Improving the treatment outcomes of patients with skin defects due to injuries also requires study.The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the perioperative algorithm for protecting the skin graft after split-thickness autodermoplasty of granulating wounds through the intraoperative use of a polypropylene mesh and gentle postoperative wound management.Methods. A non-randomized controlled clinical trial included 100 patients with granulating wounds. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group - 50 patients, when an algorithm for perioperative protection of the skin graft was applied after free split autodermoplasty of granulating wounds and a comparison group - 50 patients treated in the traditional way using gauze wipes moistened with an antiseptic solution.Results. In the main group of patients, in 96% of cases there was complete engraftment of the transplanted skin flap, while in the comparison group engraftment was observed in 76% of patients (χ2=6.728; p=0.01). Engraftment of autodermal grafts relative to the initial area of the transplanted skin flap in the main group of patients was 96.06±0.2% compared to the comparison group 77.34%±0.33 (t=48.51; p<0.05).Conclusions. The proposed algorithm for protecting the skin graft after free split autodermoplasty of granulating wounds through the intraoperative use of a polypropylene mesh and gentle postoperative wound management is an effective technology for improving treatment results.