bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns in students’ usage of lecture recordings: A cluster analysis of self-report data
Authors: Ebbert Daniel , Dutke Stephan
Published: November 2019

Students’ usage of lecture recordings can be characterized by usage frequency, repetitiveness and selectivity in watching, lecture attendance, and social context and location in which students watch the lecture recordings. At the University of Münster (Germany) we evaluated the lecture recording service over three semesters. This data was combined and used for a cluster analysis with the goal of being able to describe distinct usage patterns. The cluster analysis was performed using partitioning around medoids with Gower distance. Five clusters of students were identified, which differed mainly on the amount of lecture recordings watched, whether the lecture recordings were watched completely or in parts, whether the recordings were watched once or multiple times, and the number of lectures the students missed. The five clusters are interpreted as representing different ways of utilizing lecture recordings. The clustering provides a basis for investigating the usage of lecture recordings in the context of different approaches to learning and learning strategies.
The roles of perspective and language in children's ability to delay gratification
Authors: Mahy Caitlin , Moses Louis J , O'Brien Bronwyn , Castro Alex , Kopp Leia , Atance Cristina
Published: November 2019

Increasing psychological distance is an established method for improving children’s performance in a number of self-regulation tasks. For example, using a delay of gratification (DoG) task, Prencipe and Zelazo (2005) showed that 3-year-olds delay more for “other” than they do for “self”, whereas 4-year-olds make similar choices for self and other. However, to our knowledge, no work has manipulated language to increase psychological distance in children. In two experiments, we sought to manipulate psychological distance by replicating Prencipe and Zelazo’s age-related findings and extending them to older children (Experiment 1), and also to manipulate psychological distance using the auxiliary verbs “want” and “should” to prime more impulsive, preference-based decisions or more normative, optimal decisions (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, 96 3- to 7-year-olds showed age-related improvements and interactive effects between age and perspective on DoG performance. In Experiment 2, 132 3- to 7-year-olds showed age-related improvements and a marginal interaction between age and perspective on DoG performance but no effect of auxiliary verbs was detected. Results are discussed in terms of differing developmental trajectories of DoG for self and other due to psychological distancing, and how taking another’s perspective may boost DoG in younger, but not older children.
‘Filial piety is the foundation’: A qualitative study of psychological distress and wellbeing in a cohort of Chinese clinical psychology students
Authors: Lee Billy , Yao Ping
Published: November 2019

The paper presents a detailed idiographic analysis of Chinese clinical psychology students’ lived experiences and understandings of their psychological health, distress and wellbeing. This is a qualitative, experience-near interview study using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Semi-structured interviews were carried out with an interpreter with eleven students who had begun their clinical placements in Bejing, China. There were ten females and one male. The interviews were audio-recorded and the transcripts subjected to IPA. Conflict of tradition and modernity was a major theme in the participants’ accounts of their psychological wellbeing. This comprised four subthemes: 1. Strict pragmatism in the family; 2. Emotion moderation; 3. Coordinating individual and relational selves; and 4. Conflict of gender inequality. Participants’ attempts to reconcile cultural tradition with postmodern, urbanised perspectives was a source of psychological malaise. We discuss the findings in terms of indigenous psychology and cultural modifications of psychotherapy for Chinese clients. The study suggests a role for phenomenological approaches especially attuned to the encounter with otherness.
Increasing Intention to Reduce Fossil Fuel Consumption: A Protection Motivation Theory Based Experimental Study
Authors: Kothe Emily Jane , Ling Mathew , Mullan Barbara , Klas Anna
Published: November 2019

Reducing individual fossil fuel use is an important component of climate change mitigation, but motivating behaviour change to achieve this is difficult. This experimental study tests the impact of Protection Motivation Theory based messages on intention to reduce fossil fuel use in 3803 US adults recruited via Amazon MTurk (mean age = 36.11 years; 51.4% female). Only messages targeting self-efficacy and response efficacy increased intention to reduce fossil fuel use relative to the control group. However, only the self-efficacy message had an impact on its corresponding construct, highlighting the importance of manipulation checks in model testing. Given the urgency of responding to climate change, the potential for additive benefits of effective messages should be considered irrespective of their underlying psychological mechanism. Study preregistration: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/2G6BQ. Data related to this manuscript: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/2TRBK.
Student Tutoring, Facilitator and Explaining Models: A Problem Solving Metacognition towards Learning Achievements of Informatics Students
Authors: Pratiwi Merina
Published: November 2019

Metacognition problem solving learning model applied through student tutoring, facilitator, and explaining predicted were able to overcome the low learning achievement of students. The purpose of this research is to know the problem-solving metacognition with learning models of student tutoring, facilitator, and explaining and to find out problem-solving metacognition with learning model of student tutoring, facilitator, and explaining to the students the learning achievements of informatics. This research is descriptive qualitative study uses a quasi-experiment method. Data analysis using independent-test and ANOVA. The results showed that students' problem-solving metacognition is at a low category percentage of 35,005%. Problem-solving metacognition of the students with student tutoring, facilitator, and explaining the learning model has no effect against the learning achievements of students of Informatics with F of 0.03 and significant of 0.874.
CURRENT STATE AND PROBLEMS CONCERNING LOCALISATION TECHNOLOGIES OF OIL PIPELINES FOR THEIRS REPAIR WITH TERMINATION OF OPERATING
Authors: Melnychenko Y. G. , Melnychenko G. G. , Dodyk T. Y.
Published: November 2019

The critical analysis of current technology of onshore oil pipeline sections releasing from product for theirs repair are undertaken. Its shortcomings are established. The overview of modern plugging devices for oil pipelines sections localization while being repaired is provided, in particular the advantages and disadvantages of each considered one were analyzed. On the basis of this review an optimal plugging pig construction for oil pipeline sections isolation is proposed.The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed device are given. The necessity of simulation of plugging pigs motion in the pipeline is proved. The mathematical model of the plugging device movement along the main oil pipelines is formulated. The methodology of transient flow calculation during plugging pigs motion and stopping in the oil pipeline was proposed.
ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES IN THE SPACES OFLIPSCHITZ FUNCTIONS
Authors: Martsinkiv M. V. , Samiliv I.-A. V.
Published: November 2019

The algebra of Lipschitz functions of the metric space and their scalar homomorphisms are studied in this paper, using free Banach spaces.
MODELLING OF GAS-PHASE PHOTOSISTULUS PROCESSES OF SUBMICRONIC STRUCTURES LSI/VLSI
Authors: Novosyadlyy S. P , Hryha V. M. , Ivanyshyn I. I. , Petrovanchuk A. O. , Zholob I. V.
Published: November 2019

Modern submicron technology of epitaxial GaAs-layout on monosilicon substrates requires significant development and improvement of precision low-temperature methods for the formation of functional layout in properties that are not inferior to layers formed by high-temperature methods. Today, in order to increase the speed and impedance of submicron combined silicon and arsenide-based structures, the LSI/VLSI is intensively searching for new high-efficient technological operations for the formation of their structures, which would reduce the temperature of deposition of functional layers and increase the temperature stability of concentration profiles and charge state. The submicron technology of forming LSI/ VLSI structures has been developed, which includes a whole complex of studies of unique processes of gas-phase photo stimulating processes: oxidation, etching of epitaxy, diffusion, implantation, activation of impurities, and reduction of low-level hidden contacts. Particularly relevant today are processes of submicron technology, which do not change the concentration profiles of homo- and heterojunction in the process of formation of the structures of the LSI and are highly stimulating in reducing the time of execution of the technological route for short microcycles in the individual processing of mono-Si substrates of large diameter (> 150 mm).In this paper, the essence of the conducted researches in the given processes of submicron technology LSI/VLSI, which increase them as resolution, and charge stability, is disclosed.
THE CHALLENGES OF LIBERAL DEMOCRACY IN THE GROWTH OF POPULISM: CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors: Hryhoriev O. V.
Published: November 2019

The features of democratic transit in the Czech Republic are analyzed. The defects of Czech democracy are investigated. Compared to the trajectories of the non-liberal turn of the Czech Republic and Hungary and Poland. The main manifestations of deformation of liberal democracy are analyzed. The main threats to liberal democracy in the Czech Republic have been identified.
Decision Theory under Uncertainty Mean-Variance Approach
Authors: Dine Adissa Akinocho Kamalou
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we mainly consider the theory and analysis of Decision under uncertainty which is making the foundations of all finance and portfolio theories. Decision makers face choices among a number of risky alternatives which is represented by lotteries. This paper develops alternative theories for choices under risk which expected utility theory which is derived from reasonable axioms about rational behavior in risky environment. An alternative theory of choice is developed, in which value is assigned to gains and losses rather than to final assets. All risky alternatives can be summarized by two numbers – mean u and variance   called Mean-Variance Theory (MVT). This implies that typical mean-variance utility function v which is increasing in and decreasing in.The results show that, investors have different mean variance utility functions but the main results regarding optimal portfolio of risky assets do not depend on the specific utility functions of investors.
Experimental modeling of formation of native metals (Fe, Ni, Co) in the earth’s crust by the interaction of hydrogen with basaltic melts
Authors: Persikov E. S. , Bukhtiyarov P. G. , Aranovich L. Ya. , Nekrasov A. N. , Shaposhnikova O. Yu.
Published: November 2019

In continuation of our early works, an experimental study of the kinetics and interaction mechanisms in the hydrogen-basalt melt system at a hydrogen pressure of 100 MPa and temperature of 1250C carried out. It was found in kinetic experiments that, despite the high reduction potential of the H2-melt system, the hydrogen oxidation reactions and the complete reduction of Fe oxides in the melt do not go to the end. As a result, initially homogeneous basalt melt becomes heterogeneous: H2O is formed in the fluid phase; H2O is dissolved in the basalt melts, and a small metal separation of the liquation structure formed at a temperature significantly lower than the melting temperature of the metal phases (Fe, FeNiCo alloy). The structure and dimensions of the experimentally established metal separations agree well with the natural data on the findings of small amounts of the metal phase, primarily iron and its alloys with nickel and cobalt, reported from magmatic rocks of various compositions and origins.
The role of garnetization of olivine in olivine-diopside-jadeite system in the ultramafic-mafic evolution of the upper-mantle magmatism (experiment at 6 GPa).
Authors: Litvin Yu. A. , Kuzyura A. V. , Limanov E. B.
Published: November 2019

Peritectic mechanisms, controlling fractional ultrabasic-basic evolution of the upper mantle magmatism and genesis of the peridotitepyroxeniteeclogite rock series, are substantiated in theory and experiment. Melting phase relations of a differentiated mantle material are studied with polythhermal section method in the multicomponent olivineclinopyroxene/omphacitecorundumcoesite system with boundary compositions duplicated these of peridotitic and eclogitic minerals. The peritectic reaction of orthopyroxene and melt with formation of clinopyroxene (the opthopyroxene clinopyroxenization reaction) has been determined at a liquidus surface of the ultrabasic olivineorthopyroxeneclinopyroxenegarnet system. As a result of the reaction the temperature-regressive univariant curve olivine + clinopyroxene + garnet + melt is formed. A further evolution of magmatism has experimentally studied at 6 GPa in the ultrabasic-basic olivinediopsidejadeitegarnet system with changeable compositions of the diopsidejadeite solid solutions (controlling the clinopyroxene omphacite mineralogy). Peritectic reaction of olivine and melt with formation of garnet was established on the liquidus surface of the ternary olivinediopsidejadeite system as the mechanism of olivine garnetization and going to the univariant curve omphacitegarnetmelt with formation of bimineral eclogites. Structure of the liquidus surface for the olivinediopsidejadeitegarnet system is inferred, and its role as a physic-chemical bridge between ultrabasic olivinebearing peridotitepyroxenitic and basic silica-saturated eclogitic compositions of the garnetperidotite facies matter. The new experimental physic-chemical results reveal the genetic links between ultrabasic and basic rocks as well as mechanisms of the uninterrupted fractional magmatic evolution and petrogenesis from the olivinebearing peridotitepyroxenitic to silica-saturated eclogite-grospyditicrocks. This provides an explanation for the uninterrupted composition trends for rock-forming components in clinopyroxenes and garnets of the differentiated rocks of the garnetperidotite facieis.
EKSTRAKSI SAPONIN DARI DAUN WARU BERBANTU ULTRASONIK SUATU USAHA UNTUK MENDAPATKAN SENYAWA PENGHAMBAT BERKEMBANGNYA SEL KANKER
Authors: Santosa Herry , Sari Widya , Handayani Noer Abyor
Published: November 2019

Saponin adalah glikosida dengan berat molekul tinggi, sebagian tersusun dari gula yang terhubung dengan triterpen atau steroid aglikon. Saponin dapat digunakan pada berbagai bidang diantaranya perikanan, tekstil, kosmetik, dan kesehatan. Di bidang perikanan saponin digunakan sebagai pembasmi hama udang, dalam industri tekstil sebagai deterjen, dalam bidang kosmetik digunakan sebagai pembentuk busa pada sampo. Di bidang kesehatan saponin dapat digunakan sebagai penghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker. Penelitian dimaksudkan untuk mengekstraksi saponin dari daun waru dengan menggunakan bantuan ultrasonik. Lebih jauh sasaran yang diinginkan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) menentukan variabel paling berpengaruh diantara perbandingan berat umpan tiap satuan volume solvent, ukuran bahan baku, dan frekuensi ultrasonik, (2) optimasi terhadap variabel berpengaruh tersebut untuk mendapatkan hasil terbaik.Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui 3 tahapan. Tahapan pertama dimaksudkan untuk membuat tepung daun waru. Tahap kedua dimaksudkan untuk mengekstrak tepung daun waru dalam rangka menentukan variabel paling berpengaruh dan tahap optimasi untuk menentukan kondisi operasi yang relatif baik. Tahap ketiga adalah tahap uji hasil terhadap saponin yang terekstrak.  Saponin dapat diekstraksi dari daun waru menggunakan pelarut larutan 30% berat etanol dengan bantuan ultrasonik. Ukuran daun waru merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh diantara perbandingan berat umpan tiap satuan volume solvent dan frekuensi ultrasonik.  Ekstraksi lebih baik dilakukan pada daun waru dengan ukuran 0,2mm. Kata kunci: ekstraksi, hibiscus tiliaceus, saponin, ultrasound
KARAKTERISASI BIOPLASTIK BERBAHAN KOLANG-KALING DENGAN MONOGLISERIDA DARI MINYAK KELAPA
Authors: Sutanti Sri , Dewi Cicilia Kusuma
Published: November 2019

Bioplastik merupakan plastik yang dapat diperbaharui karena terbuat dari bahan alam yang bersifat ramah lingkungan dan sumbernya melimpah di alam. Salah satu bahan alam yang dapat digunakan untuk pembuatan bioplastik adalah kolang-kaling. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh penambahan monogliserida terhadap karakteristik bioplastik dari kolang-kaling. Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini yaitu jumlah monogliserida yang ditambahkan (0%; 1%; 2%; 3%; 4%; dan 5%). Proses pembuatan bioplastik dari kolang-kaling pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 tahap proses, yaitu: pertama adalah proses pembuatan monogliserida dari 100 g minyak kelapa “Barco” dengan 190 g gliserol dan katalis NaOH sebanyak 0,1% dari jumlah minyak.. Pembuatan monogliserida dilakukan pada temperatur 200oC selama 3 jam disertai pengadukan. Monogliserida hasil reaksi dipisahkan menggunakan corong pisah. Tahap ke dua yaitu proses pembuatan bioplastik dari kolang-kaling. Sebanyak 30 g bubur kolang-kaling ditambahkan aquasdest 70 g, dan dilakukan proses gelatinasi pada temperatur 70oC. Selanjutnya ditambahkan monogliserida dan diaduk selama 15 menit pada temperatur 70oC. Sebelum adonan bioplastik dituang ke cetakan, dilakukan proses degassing selama 10 menit. Film bioplastik didinginkan dalam oven pada temperatur 55oC. Karakteristik bioplastik ditinjau dari ketebalan, densitas, tensile strength, elongation dan morfologinya. Kata kunci: Bioplastik, Karakteristik, Kolang-kaling, Monogliserida
KINETIKA HIDROLISIS PATI SINGKONG MANIS (MANIHOT ESCULENTA) PADA SUHU RENDAH
Authors: Hargono Hargono
Published: November 2019

Singkong manis (Manihot esculenta) merupakan tanaman perdu yang dapat tumbuh di daerah tropi, seperti di Indonesia. . Kandungan karbohidrat singkong manis mencapai 90,46%  sehingga layak dikonversi menjadi gula reduksi dan etanol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan hidrolisis enzimatik pati singkong manis pada suhu 30°C sebagai alternatif pengganti hidrolisis konvensional yang membutuhkan suhu tinggi (90-125°). Jenis enzim yang digunakan adalah granular strach hydrolyzing enzyme (GSHE) yaitu StargenTM 002 yang merupakan enzim koktail yaitu campuran dari A. kawachi  α-amylase dari Trichorderma reesei  dan glucoamylase dari A. niger. Hidrolisis enzimatis dilakukan pada substrat pati singkong manis pada konsentrasi  100, 200, 300  dan 400 g/L, konsentrasi enzim  1.5% (w/w pati), selama 24 jam, pH 4, dan suhu 30°C. Selama hidrolisis 24 jam, kondisi terbaik dicapai pada waktu 12 jam yang menghasilkan gula reduksi masing-masing adalah 40,12; 58,32; 60,24 dan 61,34 g/L. Gula reduksi yang dihasilkan dari hidrolisis pati singkong manis pada konsentrasi diatas 200 g/L hanya sedikit lebih besar dibandingkan gula reduksi yang dihasilkan  dari hidrolisis pati singkong manis pada konsentrasi 200 g/L. Hal ini menunjukkan terjadi  inhibisi substrat yang menghambat proses difusi. Parameter kinetika yaitu Vmaks dan Km ditentukan dengan persamaan Michaelis-Menten dan Lineweaver-Burk. Nilai Vmaks  dan Km yang diperoleh dari hidrolisis ini adalah  9,074 g/L.jam, dan Km 104,26 g/L. Nilai Km yang kecil menunjukkan bahwa untuk mencapai proses katalitik optimal dibutuhkan konsentrasi substrat yang kecil, sehingga akan meghemat biaya proses hidrolisis. Kata kunci: GSHE, gula reduksi, parameter kinetika, pati singkong manis, suhu rendah
STANDARISASI EKSTRAK TERPURIFIKASI DAUN MANGGA ARUMANIS (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Mulangsri Dewi Andini Kunti , Zulfa Elya , Arifin Sugar , Faqih Masduki
Published: November 2019

Ekstrak etanol daun mangga arumanis perlu dilakukan standarisasi untuk menjamin konsistensi mutu, keamanan dan efek yang dihasilkan. Purifikasi ekstrak dilakukan untuk menghilangkan adanya zat ballast yang tidak dapat menghasilkan efek terapi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memperoleh dan mengetahui hasil standarisasi ekstrak terpurifikasi daun mangga arumanis (ETDMA). Daun mangga arumanis disari dengan metode maserasi, pelarut etanol 96%, dilanjutkan purifikasi ekstrak dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair menggunakan pelarut air panas-etilasetat. Standarisasi ETDMA dilakukan untuk parameter spesifik dan nonspesifik. Parameter spesifik meliputi uji organoleptis, kadar senyawa larut air dan larut etanol. Parameter nonspesifik meliputi kadar air, kadar abu total, kadar abu tidak larut asam dan uji cemaran logam. Data standarisasi dianalisis secara deskriptif yang beberapa dibandingkan dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil uji parameter spesifik berupa ekstrak terpurifikasi daun mangga arumanis kental berwarna hijau kecoklatan, kadar senyawa larut air dan etanol masing-masing sebesar 22% dan 67,4 %. Hasil uji parameter nonspesifik berupa kadar air, susut pengeringan tidak memenuhi syarat, sedangkan kadar abu, kadar abu tidak larut asam, cemaran Pb dan Cd, cemaran mikroba memenuhi syarat. Jadi belum dapat dikatakan ekstrak terpurifikasi daun mangga arumanis terstandar.

Kata kunci : Daun mangga arumanis, Mangifera indica L., Ekstrak terpurifikasi, Standarisasi

Kata kunci : Daun mangga arumanis, Mangifera indica L., Ekstrak terpurifikasi, Standarisasi
SINTESIS GEOPOLIMER DARI METAKAOLIN DAN ABU BAMBU UNTUK APLIKASI SEMEN: KAJIAN WAKTU IKAT DAN MIKROSTRUKTUR
Authors: Purbasari Aprilina , Samadhi Tkokorde Walmiki
Published: November 2019

Geopolimer merupakan polimer anorganik dengan ikatan polimerik Si-O-Al yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pengganti semen Portland karena proses produksinya berlangsung pada suhu rendah dibandingkan produksi semen Portland dengan bahan baku material alumino-silikat yang dapat berasal dari mineral alam dan limbah padat. Pada penelitian ini geopolimer dibuat dari campuran metakaolin dan abu bambu dengan aktivator alkali campuran larutan KOH 10 N dan larutan Na-Silikat serta campuran larutan NaOH 10 N dan larutan Na-Silikat. Waktu ikat pembentukan geopolimer dan mikrostruktur geopolimer yang dihasilkan telah dikaji pada penelitian ini. Waktu ikat awal dan akhir pembetukan geopolimer dengan aktivator alkali campuran larutan KOH 10 N dan larutan Na-Silikat lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan aktivator alkali campuran larutan NaOH 10 N dan larutan Na-Silikat. Hasil analisis SEM menunjukkan bahwa pada kedua geopolimer terbentuk fase kontinyu. Untuk hasil analisis XRD, pada geopolimer dengan aktivator alkali campuran larutan KOH 10 N dan larutan Na-Silikat terdapat leucite dan quartz, sedangkan pada geopolimer dengan aktivator alkali campuran larutan NaOH 10 N dan larutan Na-Silikat terdapat hydrosodalite dan quartz. Pada kedua geopolimer menunjukkan adanya struktur amorf.

Kata kunci: abu bambu, geopolimer, metakaolin, mikrostruktur, semen, waktu ikat

Kata kunci: abu bambu, geopolimer, metakaolin, mikrostruktur, semen, waktu ikat
Language Education and primary school children: the story of using stories
Authors: Giannikas Christina Nicole
Published: November 2019

The present study concentrates on the development of interactive skills in the L2 and the pedagogical aspects of Young Language Learners’ (YLLs) through the use of story telling. Such an approach reveals the benefits of encouraging creativity in learning and, as a result, captures the dynamics of the classroom and the progress of the learner. The data derives from an Action Research study carried out as part of a longitudinal study in South Western Greece, where storytelling is a neglected language learning source. The research concentrates on YLLs of a Beginners level, aged 7-9 years old. The results show the advantageous use of Action Research as a tool of intervention to apply necessary change in language teaching contexts.
Glucocorticoid Therapy is Associated with a Lower Risk of Dementia
Authors: Nerius Michael , Haenisch Britta , Gomm Willy , Doblhammer Gabriele , Schneider Anja
Published: November 2019

Background:

Recent evidence indicates an important role for neuroinflammation in the pathological cascade of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and neuroinflammation is increasingly being recognized as a potential therapeutic target.

Objective:

To assess the impact of glucocorticoids on the risk of developing dementia.

Methods:

We used health insurance data of the largest German health insurer from 2004–2013 with a baseline sample of 176,485 persons aged 50 years and older to study the association of glucocorticoid treatment and incidence of dementia. Cox proportional-hazard models were calculated adjusting for sex, age, and comorbidities known to be major risk factors for dementia and were given as hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We further stratified glucocorticoid treatment by route of application and treatment duration.

Results:

Of the 176,485 dementia-free persons, 19,938 were diagnosed with dementia by the end of 2013. The risk of suffering from dementia was significantly lower for glucocorticoid users compared to non-users (HR = 0.81, CI = 0.78–0.84). The lowest risk was found among users of inhaled glucocorticoid (HR = 0.65, CI = 0.57–0.75), followed by nasal (HR = 0.76, CI = 0.66–0.87), other (HR = 0.84, CI = 0.80–0.88), and oral users (HR = 0.83, CI = 0.78–0.88). We found no difference in risk reduction between long- and short-term-users.

Conclusion:

Longitudinal German health insurance data indicate that the use of glucocorticoids is associated with a lower risk of dementia. Prospective clinical trials will be necessary to determine whether glucocorticoids can have a positive impact on neuroinflammation and thus protect persons against dementia.
Impact of APOE and BDNF Val66Met Gene Polymorphisms on Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Cechova Katerina , Andel Ross , Angelucci Francesco , Chmatalova Zuzana , Markova Hana , Laczó Jan , Vyhnalek Martin , Matoska Vaclav , Kaplan Vojtech , Nedelska Zuzana , Ward David D. , Hort Jakub
Published: November 2019

Apolipoprotein ( APOE) ɛ4 is a well-known risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but other AD-related gene polymorphisms might also be important, such as the polymorphism within the brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF) gene. Carriage of BDNF Val66Met has been associated with faster cognitive decline and greater hippocampal atrophy in cognitively normal elderly. Thus, we examined the effects of the concurrent presence of APOE and BDNF polymorphisms on cognitive functions and brain morphometry in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. 107 aMCI patients (mean age = 72.2) were recruited from the Czech Brain Aging Study and, based on APOE and BDNF genes polymorphisms, were divided into four groups: ɛ4– BDNFVal/Val ( n = 37), ɛ4– BDNFMet ( n = 19), ɛ4+ BDNFVal/Val ( n = 35), and ɛ4+ BDNFMet ( n = 16). All patients underwent clinical examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and complex neuropsychological battery. The combination of APOE ɛ4+ and BDNF Met was associated with significantly worse memory performance in immediate and delayed recall compared to other polymorphism groups. We did not observe increased atrophy in areas related to memory function in the ɛ4+ BDNFMet group. Our findings suggest that carriage of ɛ4+ BDNFMet is associated with more pronounced memory dysfunction, a typical feature of early AD, but not with structural brain changes in aMCI patients. These findings suggest that in APOE ɛ4/ BDNF Met carriers, synaptic dysfunction affecting memory may precede pronounced structural changes.
Kayseri İlinde Satışa Sunulan Sokak Sütlerinde Mycobacterium paratuberculosis Varlığının Konvansiyonel ve Serolojik Yöntemlerle Araştırılması
Authors: ÖZTÜRK KALIN Meral , GÜMÜŞSOY K. Semih , HIZLISOY Harun
Published: November 2019

Bu çalışmada Kayseri ilinde satışa sunulan sokak sütlerinde Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP)'in varlığı konvansiyonel ve serolojik yöntemlerle araştırılması amaçlandı. Araştırmada Mayıs 2010 – Ekim 2011 yılları arasında Kayseri’nin ilçelerinden farklı satıcılardan 200 çiğ inek süt örneği toplandı. Her bir süt numunesi direkt mikroskopi, kültür ve serolojik yöntem olmak üzere üç aşamada değerlendirdi. Direkt mikroskopide süt örneklerinden hazırlanan preparatlar Ziehl-Neelsen boyama metodu ile boyandı. Ayrıca besiyerlerinden izole edilen şüpheli kolonilerin boyamasında da aynı yöntem kullanıldı. Etken izolasyonu amacıyla süt numunelerinin bakteriyolojik ekimleri gliserinli ve gliserinsiz Löwenstein-Jensen ve Watson-Reid agara yapıldı. İdentifikasyon için katalaz, niasin, nitrat redüksiyon, pirazinamidaz ve üreaz testleri kullanıldı. Sütteki antikorların araştırılmasında Mycobacterium paratuberculosis Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) kitinden yararlanıldı. İncelenen örneklerde üç yönteminin kullanılması sonucu sadece 1 numunede (% 0.5) MAP tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, Kayseri ilinde satışa sunulan sokak sütlerinde paratüberkülozun yüksek oranda bulunmadığı belirlendi. Ancak bir örnekte etkenin tespiti infeksiyonun önemi göz önünde bulundurulduğunda halk sağlığı açısından önemli risk oluşturabileceği kanaatini ortaya koymuştur.
Hasmer Koyunu Mandibula’sı Üzerinde Makroanatomik ve Morfometrik İncelemeler
Authors: ÖZÜDOĞRU Zekeriya , İLGÜN Ramazan , ÖZDEMİR Derviş
Published: November 2019

Çalışma Hasmer

koyunu mandibula’sı üzerinde bazı morfometrik değerleri ortaya koymak amacıyla

yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Bahri Dağdaş Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü’nden temin

edilen reforme erişkin 8 adet Hasmer koyunu mandibula’sı kullanıldı. Hasmer

koyununun mandibula’sı 19 noktadan ölçülmüş ve elde edilen değerler diğer koyun

ırklarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırmada mandibula’nın morfometrik

incelemeleri dijital kumpas yardımıyla ölçülerek incelemeye ait veriler

aritmetik ortalama ve standart hata ile belirlenmiştir. Hasmer koyununun

mandibula uzunluğu 186.30±9.30 mm., mandibula yüksekliği ise 108.68±2.36

mm. olarak

ölçülmüştür. Ölçülen bu değerler diğer koyun ırklarıyla

bazı farklılıklar gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ayrıca, klinik

açıdan önemli olan nervus mentalis ve n. mandibularis’in içinden geçtiği for.

mentale ve for. mandibula’nın topografik olarak yerleri belirlenmiştir. Hasmer

koyununda yapılan uzunluk korelasyon analizi bulgularına göre uzunluk U1 ve U3

arasında, uzunluk U1 ve U12 arasında uzunluk U2 ve U5 arasında, uzunluk U3 ve

U6 arasında ve uzunluk U5 ve U6 arasında pozitif yönde güçlü korelasyon mevcut

iken, uzunluk U7 ve U18 arasında negatif yönde güçlü bir korelasyon olduğu

tespit edildi.

Bu çalışma

Hasmer koyunu ile ilgili yapılacak çalışmalar için kaynak bir araştırma olacağı düşünülmektedir.
To the question of tendency and conjuncture of the meat market
Authors: Grymak A. V.
Published: November 2019

With regard to the problem under the study, it is worth pointing out facts new to Ukraine, which have already been recognized by the market economy state. First of all, that the functioning of the market is closely linked to the deepening of the social division of labor, industrial relations, and that it (the market) has evolved into a coherent system of economic relations between the subjects. As a consequence, the market covers the process of circulation of goods and services under the scheme: supply-intermediary-demand, and market economy – production-distribution-exchange-consumption. Scientists O.V. Sholudko, O.A. Bitter, Z.P. Berezovsky argue that in order to shape the market for beef cattle, the implementation of the supply of goods must be expressed through the so-called exchange infrastructure: exchanges, wholesale markets, auctions, trading houses, fairs, branded shops, retail, urban markets. In our opinion, this list of infrastructure components misses out on such components as the spontaneous markets on the streets of big cities and resort centers, which actually exist and will not disappear in the near future. This is counteracted by objective factors, the most important of which is the struggle of the small food producer for survival. Specifically to the topic, it should be noted that, under the existing natural, climatic and economic conditions, it is relevant for the region, and Lviv region in particular, to create on the market, in accordance with the components of market infrastructure, conditions for increasing supply of beef in order to meet the demand for these products. At the same time, it is economically important to work simultaneously to ensure the production of competitive, quality products that would be in demand among consumers. The saturation of the domestic market for meat and products of its various producers is a confirmation of the high demand for these products. Therefore, the justification of effective management of beef cattle is to take advantage of market relations and marketing research in the production of competitive products. And, at the expense of livestock products, a person satisfies 40–50% of their need for food. In particular, a person should consume at least 100 grams of protein daily, including 70 grams of animal origin, for nutrition. Providing the population with food is perhaps the most responsible problem of the economy and politics.
Features of issues of ethics and morals of the leader
Authors: Hirniak K. M. , Batuyk B. B.
Published: November 2019

Entrepreneurship is considered as a driving force for the economic development of society. One of the tools of entrepreneurship is the choice of people of a certain type, with certain traits of character, those who will be able to create an innovative approach in the system “ethics – morality – collective – leader – entrepreneurship”. Since entrepreneurship is associated with a person with the process of personal professional growth, social adaptation and development through the formation of business ideas, the development of business projects and their implementation in real practice. The social co-operation of different types of human activity made the problem of leadership one of the most recent and, at the same time, constantly topical problems, the solutions of which were constantly changing both in content and form. Therefore, it becomes a task to consider different directions in the scientific study of leadership from the standpoint of modernity, the meaning of the word “ethics” and “morality”. The purpose of this research is to provide a holistic analysis of the leader's problems through the prism of ethics and morality in entrepreneurship. The ethical climate in the enterprise is described – the order of behavior in the sphere of business and business contacts is established. Etiquette, when understood as established behavior, helps to avoid mistakes or to look at them in accessible, generally accepted ways. Therefore, the basic function or meaning of the etiquette of a business person can be interpreted as the formation of such rules of conduct that promote understanding of people in the process of communication. The second meaning of the etiquette function is the convenience function, that is, expediency and practicality. Starting with the little things, up to the general rules – etiquette is approximate to the everyday system. A survey was conducted in which 156 respondents were interviewed, the purpose of the survey was to determine who is a leader, and on the basis of this research a model of a leader with ethical and moral leadership qualities was proposed. Therefore, to create moral subordinates of ethical care means to form high moral values, the mechanism of moral self-regulation, protection and interest, moral creativity and comfort, and also to accept the moral experience of the collective, to collection It was suggested that modern management covers moral socialization – self-assimilation of a person's life experience, self-acquisition of social qualities, its adaptation to the environment. The same group of activities includes providing a modern level of technical and technological equipment of the work process, rational organization, regulation and payment of prats, aesthetics of the working environment, active participation in social activity, spiritual environment moral and psychological climate of relationships.
Management functions: their unity and interdependence in the processes of activity
Authors: Shulskyi M.
Published: November 2019

In the article the detailed functions of management are investigated both in the general interpretation and in the context of their classification into general and specific. The research process takes into account the achievements of well-known researchers in this field of public relations, one of which is, Hamilton Church is shown in the epigraph to this publication, and its fruitful activities are shown in Table 1. The research materials for the selected topic are presented in a logical sequence. Thus, in particular, information on management functions and their role in different spheres of activity is shown in Table 2 (materials on the essence of basic management functions are also presented here); Table 3 provides information on specific management functions and their classification. It focuses on the features that are most used in their classification. Studies of the dialectical interrelation of general and specific management functions, their results are presented in Table 4. The answers to the questions we have formed fully reveal these interrelations. The conclusions follow from the results of the conducted research. They have some theoretical and practical significance. Implementation of the presented proposals in production conditions will increase the efficiency of management activities.
Desain Penahan Tanah dengan Perkuatan Geotekstil
Authors: Dwityagana I Made Putra
Published: November 2019

Kondisi lereng dengan beban yang besar dan kemiringan yang curam dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kelongsoran. Diperlukan sebuah perkuatan lereng, salah satunya yaitu dengan geotekstil. Geotekstil sering digunakan karena memiliki beberapa keunggulan, antara lain mudah dalam pelaksanaan dan dapat meningkatkan stabilitas lereng secara efektif. Studi kasus mengenai desain penahan tanah dengan perkuatan geotekstil ini dilakukan di Jalan Raya Bedugul-Singaraja, Desa Pancasari, Kecamatan Sukasada, Kabupaten Buleleng. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui desain penahan tanah dengan perkuatan geotekstil pada lokasi tersebut. Adapun desain yang dimaksud meliputi panjang geotekstil yang diperlukan (panjang penjangkaran, panjang nonacting dan panjang overlap), jarak vertikal antar geotekstil (Sv).

Data-data yang dibutuhkan adalah data primer meliputi : g tanah, kohesi tanah (c), sudut geser (f) tanah. Analisis desain dilakukan dengan perhitungan manual dengan menggunakan metode Rankine. Analisis data meliputi spasi antar lapisan geosintetik (Sv), tegangan izin (Tall), tegangan lateral tanah (s’h), kuat tarik geosintetik yang dibutuhkan (Preq), panjang penjangkaran + panjang nonacting (L), panjang overlap (Lo), tekanan aktif tanah (Pa). Selanjutnya diperlukan analisis untuk menghitung stabilitas terhadap faktor penyebab kegagalannya, yaitu kontrol stabilitas internal dan stabilitas eksternal.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa spasi antar lapisan geotekstil berturut-turut sebesar 0,30 m, 0,40 m, 0,50 m. Preq sebesar 55 kN/m. Diperoleh hasil L dengan panjang 3,00 m pada kedalaman 0,50 m, 1,00 m, 1,50 m, dan 1,90 m, serta L dengan panjang 2,00 m pada kedalaman 2,30 m, 2,70 m, 3,00 m, 3,30 m, dan 3,60 m. Lo diperoleh hasil yang sama yaitu 1,00 m pada setiap kedalaman.

Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh telah memenuhi kontrol stabilitas eksternal yang meliputi kegagalan geser, kegagalan guling, kegagalan daya dukung tanah dasar serta kontrol terhadap stabilitas internal yang meliputi putusnya tulangan dan tercabutnya tulangan.
Pengaruh Air Hujan terhadap Karakteristik Marshall Campuran Aspal Panas pada Lapis Permukaan Jalan
Authors: Wirahaji Ida Bagus , Wardani AAA Made Cahaya
Published: November 2019

Lapis permukaan perkerasan jalan umumnya berupa AC-WC, merupakan konstruksi yang berada di alam terbuka dan berinteraksi langsung dengan cuaca dan suhu yang berubah-ubah. Pada musim hujan, permukaan jalan terus menerus diguyur air bahkan terkena genangan air. Kondisi ini sangat melemahkan struktur AC-WC, karena air dapat memisahkan ikatan aspal dengan agregat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh lamanya waktu perendaman terhadap Karakteristik Marshall Campuran AC-WC dengan menggunakan dua sampel agregat Ex. Sebudi dan agregat Ex. Seririt.

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyedia Jasa di Desa Sebudi Karangasem. Pertama-tama dilakukan pemeriksaan nilai properties masing-masing fraksi agregat dari kedua sampel agregat. Kemudian membuat benda uji untuk perendaman 1x24, 2x24, 3x24, dan 4x24 jam, masing-masing 3 buah benda uji. Kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan persentase rongga terhadap benda uji tersebut, untuk memperoleh nilai VMA, VFB, dan VIM. Terakhir dilakukan pengujian dengan alat uji Marshall untuk mendapatkan nilai stabilitas, kelelehan (flow) dan Marshall Quotient (MQ).

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai properties agregat Ex. Sebudi lebih buruk dari agregat Ex. Seririt. Nilai VMA dan VIM semakin meningkat, sedangkan nilai VFB semakin menurun untuk kedua jenis campuran dengan bertambahnya lama waktu perendaman. Nilai stabilitas dan Marshall Quotient (MQ) semakin menurun, sedangkan kelelehan semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya lama waktu perendaman. Nilai kelelehan AC-WC Ex. Sebudi mencapai 4,39 mm, AC-WC Ex. Seririt 4,47 mm pada perendaman 4x24 jam, melampui batas maksimum interval 2-4 mm. Nilai MQ AC-WC Ex. Sebudi 196,99 kg.mm, AC-WC Ex. Seririt 215,56 kg/mm, dibawah batas minimal 250 kg/mm pada perendaman 4x24 jam. AC-WC Ex. Sebudi lebih cepat mengalami penyimpangan terhadap persyaratan Spesifikasi Umum 2010 Revisi 3.
Removal of Heavy Metal of Copper Using Microbial Nano Cellulose from Industrial and Hospital Wastewater
Authors: Ashjaran Ali , Zare Pegah
Published: November 2019

Industrial and municipal wastewater typically contains metal ions. When these metal ions are more than allowed, they can be harmful to aquatic organisms and human health. Environmental pollution by heavy metals is one of the main environmental problems. In this study, microbial nano cellulose was used as adsorbents in removing copper from wastewater. The purpose of this study was to study the possibility or impossibility of removing heavy metal copper by microbial nano cellulose under various environmental conditions. Removal of copper under different conditions was investigated by microbial and dry microbial nano cellulose adsorbent, contact time of 30 and 60 min and ambient temperature and temperature of 〖60〗^℃. For further investigation, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy were used to illustrate the structure of microbial nano cellulose. The results showed that microbial nano cellulose are suitable for the development of economical and efficient adsorbents to remove heavy metals from the aquatic environment. According to the results, the initial metal content in the solution was 1.83 ppm, which increased with increasing temperature and time of absorption. Comparison between microbial nano cellulose and dry microbial nano cellulose. The results showed that absorption in the microbial cellulose nanoparticles is more than dry, due to the microbial cellulose structure. Also, using infrared spectroscopy, microbial nano cellulose absorption bands alone and dried microbial nanoclayers were compared with each other in a heavy metal solution, and no new absorption bar was created. As a result, the absorption of microbial cellulose nanoparticles was better at higher temperatures and more time than the rest.
Hubungan Antara Gaya Belajar dan Keaktifan Belajar Matematika Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Putri Fathiya Eka , Amelia Fitrah , Gusmania Yesi
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation learning styles and learning activeness towards students' mathematics learning outcomes. This study was a correlation study with all students of class VIII SMP II Luqman Al-Hakim Batam as the population, they were 154 students. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling technique. The sample in this study was 62 students. The data collection method used was documentation and questionnaires. The instrument in this study used was test that was valid and reliable (r1 = 0.841 and r2 = 0.859). The results showed that there was a significant correlation learning styles and student mathematics learning outcomes; there was a significant correlation learning activeness towards student mathematics learning outcomes; and there was a significant correlation learning styles and active learning together towards students' mathematics learning outcomes.
Pitch detackification with natural and modified talcs
Authors: TIJERO ANTONIO , MONTE M. CONCEPCIÓN , TIJERO JULIO , BLANCO ANGELES
Published: November 2019

Pitch deposition in pulp or in different parts of the manufacturing system can lead to a decrease in the quality of the final paper produced and to manufacturing efficiency problems. One of the methods to control pitch deposition is the use of talc. Talc acts primarily as a detackifier and must be part of the deposit to control further deposition. The effectiveness of talc as a control agent depends on its structural and surface characteristics (e.g., specific surface, surface energy, surface charge, and ratio of lypophilic to hydrophilic surface), which are related to its mineral composition and the thermal and surface treatments it has undergone. For this study, we tested five commercial talcs, corresponding to two groups of different mineralogical compositions, to determine their detackification capacity using a deposition tester developed by the Complutense University of Madrid, Spain. In this method, the quantification of the deposits is carried out by an image analysis of stainless steel collectors on which the deposit has formed. After image analysis, a qualitative analysis to determine the deposit organic fraction is carried out by gas chromatography after deposit extraction. The detackification capacity is expressed as the reduction of the deposits formed on the collectors when the different talcs at several concentrations are added to the pulp suspensions. The results show that pitch detackiness by talc addition is related to talc concentration and mineral surface properties, as for example, chlorite proportion, surface area, and surface treatment, and to the adsorption capacity of pitch on talcs. In general, the talc having the highest quantity of mineral talc presents the best detackification capability, and the detackification of all talcs studied was appreciably reduced at low proportion of addition.