bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Диференціація фізичних наватажень студенток на заняттях з оздоровчого фітнесу з урахуванням показників рухового віку
Authors: Гурєєва Антоніна , Лукашенко Анастасія , Мартиненко Кирило
Published: January 2025

Health fitness classes remain in demand in the process of physical education of female students of the Higher Education Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. In the context of the problematic situation regarding the lack of physical activity, health fitness classes provide an opportunity for female students to maintain an optimal level of physical health based on the differentiation of physical loads taking in to account the indicators of their motor age.
The purpose of the study is to determine and experimentally verify the effectiveness of fitness classes with female students of different motor ages based on the differentiation of physical exertion.
Research material and methods. To achieve the goal, the following research methods were used: analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodical literature and the global network «Internet»; calculation methods for determining motor age; instrumental methods; pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics. The contingent of the study is 40 female students of the I, II and III years medical faculties of Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University.
The results. An experimental program of health fitness classes was developed and tested, taking in to account a differentiated approach to the dosage of physical activity for female students of different motor ages. A rational combination of means of development of motor qualities was revealed: strength endurance – 15,9 %, dynamic strength – 12,9 %, speed-power endurance – 8,7 %, static endurance – 17,9 %, flexibility – 12,7 %, speed – 14,7 % and coordination abilities – 17,3 %. The study revealed a moderate negative correlation between indicators of motor age and the level of physical health (r = ‒0,7, at p < 0.01). Three levels of motor age have been identified based on physical health. The first level corresponds to optimal physical health: a motor age deviation from the chronological age of 0 to 11 years is characteristic of a "safe" motor age level, which includes female students with very high and high levels of physical health. Female students whose motor age is more than 12 ± 1 years older than their chronological age fall into the "borderline" zone and have an average (second) level of physical health. If the motor age exceeds the chronological age by 13 years or more, the body is in the "dangerous" zone—classified as the third level.
Conclusions. Taking in to account the motor age of female students during health fitness classes ensures an optimal level of motor activity and increases the level of physical fitness.
Побудова підвідних мікроциклів у тренувальному процесі висококваліфікованих хокеїстів на траві
Authors: Коннов Станіслав
Published: January 2025

According to the theory of sports training periodization, microcycles are among the most significant structural components of an athlete's training process. Preparatory microcycles are characterized by specific features, necessitating separate scientific investigation. 
The purpose of the study. To develop the structure and content of preparatory microcycles of varying durations for the training process of highly qualified field hockey players. 
Materials and methods of the study. The study involved highly qualified field hockey players, members of the national team of Ukraine (n=23). The players' sports qualification was "Master of Sports of Ukraine." The research was conducted using methods such as theoretical analysis of literature, pedagogical observation, monitoring of training work, and heart rate monitoring. 
Results. A structure and content for preparatory microcycles of varying durations were developed. The components of the structure and content include: elements of training work; workload volume; workload focus; training means (non-specific and specific); types of training work – general physical training (GPT), specialized physical training (SPT), technical and tactical training (TTT), gameplay training (GPT), competitive activity (CA); training duration; workload volume (LV); training load intensity coefficient (TLIC); time allocated for recovery and theoretical training; training days; morning (MT) and evening (ET) sessions; duration and intensity of exercises. 
Conclusions. When building water microcycles, it is important to follow a rational sequence of various training classes, taking into account the types of intensity coefficient of the training load ( ). In particular, The intensity coefficient of the training load ( ) is: for developmental training is 4,4–8,5 points•min⁻¹; for maintenance training 4,4–4,8 points•min⁻¹, for restorative and maintenance training – 3,8 and less point•min⁻¹.Competitive activity within the microcycle leading is conducted with  – 9,5 and more points•min⁻¹.
Вплив занять спортивними іграми на якість життя студентської молоді
Authors: Сікорська Лілія , Вознюк Тетяна
Published: January 2025

Topicality. The study of the impact of sports games on student youth provides an understanding of the possibility of practical application of sports games or individual sports game tools to normalize their physical and psychological state. The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of sports games on the quality of life of student youth according to indicators of emotional state. Material and methods of the study. The study involved 150 students (male) of the 1st year of pedagogical specialties who expressed a desire to engage in optional sports games: table tennis (n=13), volleyball (n=28), football (n=29); power sports (n=25) and athletics (n=21), as well as 34 students who, due to lack of desire, were not involved in optional classes. The SAN method was used to determine indicators of emotional state (well-being, activity, mood) at the beginning and end of the academic year. Results of the study. During the academic year, there were certain changes in the indicators of well-being, activity and mood of applicants of all three groups. Although in essence they had a different nature. In applicants who were engaged in various sports, all indicators changed positively. At the same time, a larger percentage of applicants with the highest degree of positively expressed assessments was found in those who were engaged in sports games. Applicants who were not engaged in optional groups, on the contrary, identified negative changes in their state. Conclusions. During the year of optional classes in game sports, the number of applicants with a negative emotional state decreased from 19 to 5 %, with an extremely positive degree of expression increased from 27 to 42 %. Positive changes were also found in students who were engaged in individual sports. Students who did not attend optional physical education classes showed a deterioration in well-being – from 28 % at the beginning to 36 % at the end of the academic year, and in mood – from 14 to 18 %, respectively.
Характеристика показників швидкісно-силових якостей юних спортсменів, які спеціалізуються у тхеквондо
Authors: Адамчук Вадим , Шандригось Віктор
Published: January 2025

Topicality. Taekwondo is a Korean martial art and an Olympic sport distinguished by its emphasis on using legs for strikes and throws. Unlike other Korean martial arts, taekwondo does not involve the use of weapons, as the human body itself is considered a formidable weapon. Developing speed-strength qualities in the preparation of athletes specializing in taekwondo is essential, as improving their athletic performance is based on a high potential for developing physical qualities. Therefore, at various stages of long-term training, targeted use of tools to develop speed-strength qualities is fundamental to training athletes.
The purpose of the study. The study aimed to determine the level of physical fitness of young athletes aged 14–15 who specialize in taekwondo.
Material and methods of the study. The following methods were used in the study: analysis of literary sources, pedagogical observation, surveys of leading taekwondo coaches, pedagogical testing and methods of mathematical statistics.
Results of the study. The analysis of the physical fitness of young athletes revealed the following findings: in the 30-meter sprint (high start), the control group achieved an average time of 4.64±0.23 seconds, while the experimental group averaged 4.73±0.21 seconds. In the standing long jump, the control group reached 2.28±0.13 meters, while the experimental group achieved 2.25±0.13 meters. In the push-up exercise (flexion and extension of arms in a prone position) performed in 30 seconds, the control group completed 35.77±2.96 repetitions, while the experimental group completed 35.17±2.95 repetitions. In the sit-up exercise performed in 30 seconds, the control group achieved 31.17±2.45 repetitions, while the experimental group achieved 30.37±2.84 repetitions. In the side kick speed test, the control group completed the exercise in 5.65±0.30 seconds, while the experimental group completed it in 5.78±0.25 seconds.
Conclusions. Based on scientific and methodological literature and personal experience, priority directions for the development of physical qualities were identified. An analysis of physical fitness indicators, specifically speed-strength qualities, was conducted.
Evaluation of flowering dates and qualitative characteristics of fruits of promising walnut breeding forms of the gene pool at the North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making
Authors: Suprun I. I. , Al-Nakib E. A. , Lobodina E. V. , Shcheglov S. N.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of phenological observation of flowering onset dates for male and female inflorescences. In addition, the study provides the data obtained through assessing a complex of fruit quality characteristics of 26 promising breeding forms. The forms were previously selected for the adaptability and productivity characteristics from the gene pool of hybrid forms at the North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making. Phenological observations showed that the flowering time of female and male inflorescences in 2022-2024 occurred on different dates. Moreover, its duration also varied. The beginning of female inflorescence flowering (the average for a three-year period) was dated April 18; the average flowering duration equaled 11 days. The beginning of male inflorescence flowering (the average for a three-year period) was dated April 11. The average flowering duration was 8 days. When evaluating the flowering type, we found that 12 samples were protandrous, 8 samples were protogynous. 6 samples were characterized as homogamous with protogyny observed in particular years. The identified time and type of flowering enabled us to select the most promising pollenizer samples, as well as to establish forms with a late flowering date in female inflorescences, which is a valuable trait for breeding. The undertaken assessment of the qualitative fruit characteristics showed that forms 17-2-14, 17-2-16, 17-2-20, 17-3-8 had a set of valuable traits such as a high percentage of kernel yield, kernel extraction from the shell whole or in halves, light-colored kernels. Moreover, they have thin/medium-thick shells. Form 17-3-8 has late flowering dates of female inflorescences along with a complex of economically valuable characteristics of fruits, which is of great interest for its further consideration as a cultivar. In addition, the following combinations of parental forms are recommended for use in breeding: samples with homogamous flowering (17-1-14, 17-18, 17-2-25, Vodnik, Timur) and with late flowering of female inflorescences (Novinka, Kazachiy, G-1-37). They produce a low yield or have dark-colored kernels and can be crossed with forms 17-2-16, 17-2-20, 17-3-8 characterized by a large percentage of kernel yield and its extractability, light-colored kernels. This will make it possible to obtain breeding material for selecting forms with the specified characteristics.
Search for morphological, biochemical, and microbiological markers of resistance of raspberry cultivars to Botrytis cinerea Pers.
Authors: Evdokimenko S. N. , Podgaetskiy M. A. , Bobkova V. V. , Pavlov K. V. , Mertvishcheva M. E.
Published: January 2025

To accelerate the breeding process, studies were conducted to identify morphological, biochemical, and microbiological markers of raspberry resistance to Botrytis cinerea Pers. The research objects were leaves of cultivars and forms diff ering in their resistance to gray mold. Using optical microscopy, we found that the abaxial surface of resistant cultivar leaves had multiple trichomes (hairs) not only along the veins, but also in the interveinal spaces. Moreover, closely spaced yellow glandules were discovered there as well. On the abaxial leaf surface of susceptible cultivars, rare trichomes were located along the primary leaf vein (midrib). No glandules were observed. Electron microscopy convincingly demonstrated that the adaxial side of resistant cultivars was so densely covered with intertwined hairs of diff erent lengths that the plant cuticle was not visible. In susceptible cultivars, the hairs were sparse, and the cuticle could be seen. The correlation analysis between the mineral content in the leaves and the extent of damage to raspberry cultivars by Botrytis cinerea revealed a medium and weak dependence between these indicators. Thus, they cannot be used as reliable markers of resistance to gray mold of fruits. As a result of metabolomic profi le analysis, resistant cultivars were found to contain an increased amount (1.5-23.6 times) of compounds with antimicrobial (fungicidal) action in the composition of the epicuticular layer of leaves. They are as follows: lignoceric, decanoic (capric), pelargonic acids, as well as ethyl gallate, arabinofuranose, 1-butanamine. These compounds can be considered biochemical markers of resistance to B. cinerea and used for early seedling disease diagnosis. Strains of cultivated endophytic bacteria forms with established antifungal activity against Botrýtis cinérea were isolated from the leaves of the resistant cultivar Zhar-Ptica and selected form No. 11-165-10.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Mevsimsel Değişimler Yardımseverliği Nasıl Etkiler? Psikolojik İyi Oluş ve Kaygının Aracı Rolü
Authors: Kiremitçi Canıöz Elvan
Published: January 2025

Mevsimsellik, değişen mevsim koşullarından etkilenme düzeyi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Mevsim geçişlerine bağlı olarak görülen hava sıcaklığı ve gün ışığından yararlanma süresindeki değişimler, psikolojik sağlık üzerinde etkilidir. Bireylerin mevsimsellik düzeyleri, psikolojik iyi oluşları, kaygı düzeyleri ve yardımseverliği incelendiğinde, bu değişkenlerin bir arada incelendiği bir çalışmaya literatürde rastlanmamıştır. Mevsimsellik ile yardımseverlik ilişkisi ve bu ilişkide psikolojik iyi oluş ile kaygının aracı rolleri bu çalışmada incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya toplam 296 üniversite öğrencisi (220 kadın ve 76 erkek) katılmıştır. Katılımcılardan Demografik Bilgi Formu, Mevsimsel Gidiş Değerlendirme Formu, Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği ve Yardımseverlik Ölçeği’ ni doldurmaları istenmiştir. Öğrenciler bu araştırmaya çevrim içi form aracılığı ile katılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 analiz programı ve Hayes Process Makro eklentisinde bulunan Model 4 aracılığı ile incelenmiştir. Bulgulara göre, mevsimsellik ile yardımseverlik arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunduğu, ek olarak psikolojik iyi oluş ve kaygının bu ilişkide aracı rolleri olduğu görülmüştür. Literatür incelendiğinde, değişkenleri aynı araştırma kapsamında inceleyen araştırma bulgusuna rastlanmaması ve Türk örneklem grubunun katılımcı olduğu benzer bir çalışmanın yapılmaması açısından, elde edilen sonuçlar alanyazına önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ДЕРЖАВИ
Authors: ПОПОВИЧ Ростислав
Published: January 2025

This study presents a comprehensive approach to analyzing the state's economic security as a key component of national security, ensuring the stability and resilience of the economic system in the face of global challenges. The work examines major aspects of economic security, such as financial, social, energy, digital, and environmental security, and their role in ensuring the state's and its regions' sustainable development. The literature review demonstrates that financial stability and diversification of income sources are crucial components of economic security, enabling the state to counter external and internal threats effectively. Particular attention is given to the issues of digitalization and its impact on economic security in the context of the growing global information society. Implementing digital technologies increases management efficiency and facilitates a rapid response to threats and ensures transparency in decision-making. However, digitalization brings new risks associated with cybersecurity and the need for regulatory oversight. The study also emphasizes the importance of energy independence, which is a critical factor for national security. Diversification of energy sources, development of a domestic energy infrastructure, and energy-saving policies help reduce dependence on external suppliers and ensure economic stability in times of energy crises. Social and environmental security are viewed as foundations for achieving stable economic growth. A high level of social security helps reduce social tensions and improve the quality of life, positively impacting economic development. At the same time, environmental security guarantees the sustainable use of natural resources and environmental protection, which is crucial for sustainable development and public health. The study's conclusions highlight the necessity of an integrated approach to ensuring economic security in Ukraine. Continued investment in digital technologies, environmental initiatives, social support, and energy independence is recommended to strengthen economic resilience and reduce vulnerability to external threats.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ПЕРЕКЛАДУ АНГЛОМОВНИХ ПУБЛІЧНИХ ВИСТУПІВ ІЗ ПРОБЛЕМ ОСВІТИ (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ TED TALKS)
Authors: ГРАНКІНА Юлія , КУЛІШ Владислава
Published: January 2025

The article describes the specifics of translating scientific terminology into Ukrainian and effective translation transformations in translating English-language public speeches on educational issues into Ukrainian. The speech should have scientific novelty and be understandable to the average recipient, regardless of his gender, age, nationality, religious affiliation, etc. The pragmatics of a famous public lecture is aimed at the popularization of science in society, forming a specific opinion in the minds of the masses regarding an actual scientific problem. TED Talks are a hybrid genre that combines different genres such as lectures by professors in higher education institutions, articles in newspapers, presentations at conferences and scientific TV programs. This combination of semiotic models, such as oral, written, video and audio, allows TED Talks to popularize ideas worldwide successfully. Since its inception in 2007, the international TED conference has occupied an influential position globally as one of the most famous formats for disseminating ideas. The speech should have scientific novelty and be understandable to the average recipient, regardless of his gender, age, nationality, religious affiliation, etc. The pragmatics of a famous public lecture is aimed at the popularization of science in society, forming a specific opinion in the minds of the masses regarding an actual scientific problem. Various lexical and lexicogrammatical transformations are used to achieve translation adequacy. Specifically, these transformations include concretization, generalization, addition, antonymic translation, and modulation.
The role of nutrition in achieving more sustainable and environmentally friendly aquaculture
Authors: Hancz Csaba
Published: January 2025

Sustainability applies to almost all aspects of human activity, and the ever-growing aquaculture industry is no exception. Feeding aquatic animals is of paramount importance in terms of economic and environmental sustainability. This review discusses practices and promising new results for improving feed efficiency at different levels of production intensity. Special emphasis is placed on demonstrating how semi-intensive pond technology can be considered ab ovo sustainable also from a social point of view. Recent achievements in the field of alternative protein sources to replace fishmeal are also discussed, as well as the beneficial properties of special feed additives such as probiotics and phytochemicals.
Pengaruh Fosfor Dan Zeolit Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Sawi Pagoda (Brassica narinosa L.)
Authors: Panunggul Victor Bintang , Nurbaiti Idhata
Published: January 2025

The use of phosphorus and zeolite can be an option to improve soil fertility and nutrients for pagoda mustard plants. This study aims to determine the effect of phosphorus and zeolite on the growth and yield of pagoda mustard. This study used a factorial completely randomised design with three replications. The first factor is phosphorus, consisting of three levels: F0 (control), F1 (60 g/polybag), and F2 (100 g/polybag). The second factor is zeolite fertiliser, consisting of three levels: L0 (control), L1 (50 g/polybag), and L2 (90 g/polybag). The two factors resulted in nine treatment combinations. The combination of the two factors totalled nine treatments, which were then repeated three times, resulting in 27 experimental units. The observation variables were plant height, number of leaves, plant fresh weight, root fresh weight and root length. The results showed that there was no interaction between phosphorus and zeolite application on the growth and yield of pagoda mustard plants. The addition of phosphorus fertiliser did not significantly affect all observation variables in this study. The addition of zeolite fertiliser showed a significant effect on the variable number of leaves, plant fresh weight, and root fresh weight where treatment L2 (90 g/polybag) showed the highest effect.
KEBIJAKAN PERLINDUNGAN BURUH MIGRAN DI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU (Studi Pada Program Pe-Ri Kabupaten Indramayu)
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

Kabupaten Indramayu menjadi daerah penyumbang terbanyak pekerja buruh migran di Indonesia, banyak tenaga kerja migran asal Kabupaten Indramayu mendapatkan perlakuan yang kurang layak dan diantaranya terjerat beberapa kasussehingga terancam hukuman. Dibalik proses maraknya masyarakat Indramayu menjadi pekerja buruh migran menunjukkan keadaan negara dan daerah tidak mampumenyediakan lapangan pekerjaan bagi warganya . Situasi ini menjadi salah satu faktor pendorong perpindahan tenaga kerja ke luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kebijakan pemerintah terkait jaminan sosial pekerja migran di Kabupaten Indramayu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dengan pendekatan , yakni kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan teknik wawancara akan digunakan sebagai alat dalam riset kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kebijakan pemerintah terkait jaminan sosial pekerja migran indonesia belum cukup efektif untuk dapat memberikan perlindungan dan kesejahteraan kepada para pekerja migran di Kabupaten Indramayu.
Partnership between national statistics offices and academics to increase official statistical literacy
Authors: Harraway J.A. , Forbes S.D.
Published: January 2025

Statistics New Zealand is actively involved in raising the statistical capability of key groups of users. Current priority groups are government, the media and Maori (indigenous New Zealand) and, in the recent past, schools and small businesses.

Initiatives designed to support statistical literacy development include synthetic unit record files (SURFs), confidentialized unit record files (CURFs), postgraduate student work placements, funding for the CensusAtSchool project, a National Certificate of Official Statistics for public sector staff, and an honours/masters paper in official statistics.

Almost all the educational initiatives implemented so far have been developed collaboratively with educational institutions through a network of academics in official statistics (NAOS) established in 2006. Members have been involved in the design, implementation, delivery and assessment of courses for qualification as well as presenting short (one- or two-day) courses for government employees on topics such as ethics and legislation, interpreting opinion polls and demography. A particular focus of this paper is the postgraduate course in Official Statistics introduced in 2011. This used advanced video-conferencing with teaching staff and students at five New Zealand universities. The course has been beneficial for Statistics New Zealand, universities and students. Feedback from students is also reported.
Data visualisation and beyond: A multi- disciplinary approach to promote user engagement with official statistics
Authors: OBE Alan Smith
Published: January 2025

As the World Wide Web becomes a source of increasingly rich content, the appetite among users for data visualisation continues to grow. This perspective resonates with calls from senior figures in UK official statistics for web content that transforms vast amounts of data into meaningful information. To enable this transformation towards rich content, evolving web technology is increasingly facilitating 'integrated content' – text, images, tables and other content types, featuring animation and interactivity, intelligently bound together in the same document. Despite this trend, the outputs produced by many official statistics agencies continue to follow a strict, static linear publication format largely defined by the inertia of print publishing. There are advantages to be obtained by optimising statistical presentations for the web – content is more likely to be syndicated by mainstream press, dramatically increasing outreach. But producing such content requires a multi-disciplinary approach, involving the collaboration of statisticians, designers and developers. This is not a natural approach for most statistical agencies. Experience of producing interactive content as part of the UK 2011 Census first release is described along with the critical user reaction on social media and other channels.
How to fulfil user needs – from industrial production of statistics to production of knowledge
Authors: Thygesen Lars , Nielsen Mogens Grosen
Published: January 2025

Statistical organisations disseminate statistics to an extent never seen before. We have developed tools that handle increasing amounts of data. However, in the production of statistics we tend to look inward; our primary focus is on whether macro figures are reasonable and published in time. We don't take the user`s situation sufficiently into account. According to an in-depth user-consultation, we have found that it is an urgent task to uncover needs and to give end-users better assistance when they use statistics or wish to find relevant statistics. Is it just a question of improving our services towards users or are we facing more fundamental problems due to political, social and technological changes for users and producers of statistics? Our hypothesis is that the growing political, social and technological complexity should be reflected in the way we work and in the choices of statistics we produce in order to fulfil needs in a knowledge-based society.

The paper first presents user-consultations conducted at Statistics Denmark. Hereafter follow four themes that the authors find relevant for the fulfilment of user needs in a society where knowledge plays an important role. The four themes are: 1) dynamic use of registers, 2) from silos to dynamic processes, 3) quality and user needs, and 4) metadata and user needs. Finally the insight from user-consultations and related reflections under the four themes are put together. Business Process Management is suggested as an"umbrella-perspective" uniting the various disciplines that need to be put into play in order to reach a situation, where the production of statistics can be organised in way that moves toward a fulfilment of needs identified in the user-consultations.

The insights have been put into practice in a pilot project at Statistics Denmark. A description of the project and lessons learned is provided.

The paper concludes that user-consultations and subsequent reflections call for continuously investigating user needs, enhancement of the use of registers, better organisation of processes and more focus on quality and metadata.
Safeguarding trust in statistics and the new statistical voice
Authors: Nymand-Andersen Per
Published: January 2025

The world of statistics is continually challenged by its remit to reflect and explain complex financial and economic phenomena, as well as their relative importance in, and impact on, society. Furthermore, changes to users' needs and working patterns – which stem from the increased use of collaborative technologies – also present challenges in terms of the way that statistics are communicated to users, be they the political establishment, professional users, the media, academia or the general public.

In contributing to an involved, knowledge-based society, trustworthy, reliable and independent statistics represent a fundamental cornerstone of modern democracies. This cannot be taken for granted and further efforts are needed, in the context of democratic development, to permanently shield statistics from short-term electoral cycles.

This article highlights the principal components of generating trust in statistics within modern democracies and furthermore highlights that a new two-way statistical communication strategy is needed designed to reach and engage users in statistics.
Using kernel methods to visualise crime data
Authors: Martin Kieran , Ralphs Martin
Published: January 2025

Kernel smoothing methods can be used to visualise complex point event data that are distributed geographically. The visualisations generated by these methods allow users to observe trends in the data which may not be apparent from numerical summaries or by visualising the point data themselves. Crime data in the UK has recently been made available to the public for the smallest postal delivery areas in the country (postcodes). Visualisations of the number of recorded events at each postcode for a given area are provided online. In this paper we apply some widely used kernel smoothing methods to this data, to assess the use of kernel smoothing methods as applied to open access data. Kernel smoothing methods are applied to crime data from the Greater London metropolitan area using freely available packages for the open source R program. We also investigate the utility of using simple methods to smooth the data over time. The kernel smoothers used are demonstrated to provide effective and useful visualisations of the data, and it is proposed that these methods should be more widely applied in exploratory data visualisation in the future.
An efficient privacy-preserving record linkage technique for administrative data and censuses
Authors: Schnell Rainer
Published: January 2025

Increasingly, administrative data is being used for statistical purposes, such as for registry-based census taking. Due to privacy concerns, this often requires linking separate files containing information on the same unit without revealing the identity of the unit. If the linkage has to be done without a unique identification number, it is necessary to compare keys derived from personal identifiers. When dealing with large files such as census data, comparing each possible pair of keys for two files is impossible. Therefore, special algorithms (blocking methods) must be used to reduce the number of comparisons needed. If the identifiers have to be encrypted due to privacy concerns, the number of available algorithms for record linkage and blocking is very limited. This paper describes the combination of a recently introduced encryption method for identifiers with a novel algorithm for blocking. Simulations show that the performance of these techniques allows their use for Big Data applications, censuses and population registries.
The role of statistics on health status in the context of measuring quality of life
Authors: Madans Jennifer H.
Published: January 2025

International initiatives are currently underway to develop improved measures of health status within an overall framework of health statistics. These efforts identify functioning as the key dimension by which the health of a population can be summarized. Functioning is also the aspect of health that is most closely related to quality of life. Functioning and disability represent the impact of pathologies at the cellular, organ and body system level on the person's ability to participate fully in society. The social, political and physical environment in which a person lives can modify the effect of functional limitations in core domains with the effect of maximizing participation in society. While complex, these relationships are central to improving quality of life. However, these key indicators of health have proven among the most difficult to measure in valid, reliable and comparable ways. The Washington Group on Disability Statistics and the Budapest Initiative on the Measurement of Health State are developing and testing question sets that can be included in national statistical data collection efforts. The information generated can be used as core measures of health and health related quality of life. This presentation will provide a brief overview of the work of these two groups and explore the role of functioning in measuring quality of life.
The role of health interview surveys, health examination surveys and disability surveys for measuring the health dimension
Authors: Gissler Mika , Tuomi-Nikula Antti
Published: January 2025

The availability of representative population-based health data is a prerequisite for identifying public health problems. Rather than basing their health policies on health determinants, most countries continue to rely on mortality figures and service-based data due to the lack of data for many key health indicators. A National Health Information System (NHIS) integrates health data from various sources, such as vital registration, health care service utilisation and survey data. Postal questionnaire surveys and health/disability interview surveys (HIS/DIS) are an essential part of NHIS. They provide information e.g. on diseases and conditions not requiring contact to health care system, self-rated health, opinions, experiences, and health behaviour. Health examination surveys (HES) are used to gather information on clinical measurements and diseases and medical conditions diagnosed by health care professionals. These kinds of surveys face problems related to sampling, inclusion/exclusion criteria, reporting bias and low response rates. Cultural differences in questioning and answering affect international comparisons. The advantage of HIS/DIS/HES is the combination of measured health status, self-reported health determinants and socio-economic conditions. This allows in-depth analysis with personal level data to estimate distributions and inequalities between various sub-populations.
The methods and materials of health expectancy
Authors: Saito Yasuhiko , Robine Jean-Marie , Crimmins Eileen M.
Published: January 2025

Health expectancy is an essential population health indicator and can be used to monitor changes and/or assess differences in population health. This article provides a brief overview of health expectancy and the issues to be considered in operationalizing and interpreting health expectancy. The article introduces the concept of health expectancy, discusses measures used to compute health expectancy, and methods of calculation. The discussion of measures relates health expectancy to the concept of "health" and clarifies that values of health expectancy depend on how "health" is defined. Software available to compute health expectancy including IMaCh, SPACE and ELECT are also briefly introduced.
Strengthening methodological architecture with multiple frames and data sources
Authors: Harris James M. , Clark Cynthia Z.F.
Published: January 2025

The United States Department of Agriculture, National Agriculture Statistics Service (NASS) has long conducted statistical surveys and published official statistics about almost every aspect of agriculture. Survey frames include both a list of farm establishments and an area frame, which are often combined to produce multiple-frame estimates. The survey results have also been compared to administrative records on the disposition of commodities. The disposition of commodities, or other intermittent administrative records, which are often received sometime after the survey results are published, must align with published results. For example, hog and pig inventories are published quarterly, while complete slaughter administrative information that matches the inventories is available six to seven months later. NASS has utilized balance sheets and other analysis tools in an expert review process to align the published results to the administrative information. However, the tools lack the statistical rigor that is required by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) statistical standards. They are also deficient in the area of statistical measures of error, and are somewhat dependent upon the analyst. This paper will describe efforts to combine the multiple-frame survey results and other data sources using rigorous, statistically defensible methodologies that strengthen the overall results and meet OMB guidelines.
Lessons learned about global statistical initiatives from the international comparison program
Authors: Vogel Frederic A.
Published: January 2025

The recent successful completion of the International Comparison Program providing economic statistics for 146 countries provided valuable lessons learned about how to organize, coordinate, and conduct a statistical system involving international, regional, and national statistical Offices. Five necessary elements for a global statistical program and their interaction are defined.
The globalisation of statistical content
Authors: Grossenbacher Armin
Published: January 2025

Statistics are an excellent tool for giving fast, precise and universally understandable information. It is the explicit mission of modern statistical agencies to disseminate their information to specific target groups as well as to a broad public. But how can the accessibility of statistics and likewise the visibility and acceptance of the brand of official statistics be ensured? And this in a period where statistical content is disseminated more and more by third party providers and where new dissemination tools open promising opportunities – where statistical content becomes increasingly globalised.

The article gives an overview of the impact the Internet Revolution of the nineties had on the dissemination of official statistics, shows some of the directions web technologies have taken since then and points out challenges and opportunities for official statistics. Special focus is made on how Web 2.0 and Semantic Web are contributing to changing the traditional dissemination paradigm and to opening new opportunities by broadening, globalising and facilitating access to official statistics. In order to be present and to display its brand of quality, semantically linked data are becoming increasingly indispensable; there is a clear need to harmonise metadata further and to introduce these structures into dissemination offers.
The case for an international statistical innovation program– Transforming national and international statistics systems
Authors: Pink Brian , Borowik Jenine , Lee Geoff
Published: January 2025

National Statistical Institutions (NSIs) face significant challenges in a rapidly evolving information environment. Although considerable networking and information sharing occurs amongst NSIs, there are further opportunities to work together to improve the relevance of statistical frameworks and standards and to more rapidly evolve, share and connect our technology infrastructures. Action in these areas has the potential to help NSIs improve the reach and agility of official statistical services.
Automated data collection from web sources for official statistics: First experiences
Authors: Hoekstra Rutger , ten Bosch Olav , Harteveld Frank
Published: January 2025

Summary: As the internet grows National Statistical Institutes (NSI) are increasingly using data from the internet as a source for their statistics. This paper describes the first experiences of Statistics Netherlands in the automated collection of data from web pages.

First, we explore the feasibility of this method of data collection for NSI's. We conclude that from a technical point of view this type of data collection is possible. Furthermore, the use of website data is probably legal. It is also concluded, that methodological applicability will have to be assessed on a case by case basis.

Second, we investigate the desirability of this type of data collection. On the basis of six case studies tentative conclusions are drawn. Our results show that the cost of reprogramming the robots in case of a site change and the initial investment in the manual process are the most important factors. Furthermore, we conclude that efficiency gains are likely to occur due to the learning-by-doing and scale effects. Finally, we conclude that the main advantages of internetrobots are in applications with large amounts of data(leading to increases in quality, frequency and speed). This will lead to new statistics but also advance the methodological aspects of certain measurement issues.
An evaluation of census quality
Authors: Baffour Bernard , Valente Paolo
Published: January 2025

The primary purpose of a census is to provide accurate estimates of a country's population. These underpin a myriad of key planning decisions in between consecutive censuses at both the local and national level. In addition, reliable census data is needed at an international level. For example, the UN requires member states to take at least a census every ten years and EU member states have a statutory requirement to provide comprehensive population and housing data at regular defined periods. As such censuses have a pivotal role to play within official statistics. There are, however, different modes in which a country can conduct a census. Furthermore, despite all efforts, it is inevitable that the census cannot be perfect. Therefore, there is the need to measure the quality of the data produced in a census. The measurement of quality within a census is not an easy undertaking, mainly because there is currently no standard method of quality assessment that applies to all census methodologies. Thus this paper aims to bridge this gap, by examining quality assessment with regards to population censuses. It defines census quality, and then discusses the assessment of quality for different types of censuses.
Cauchy-Type Identities Through Collocation Matrices
Authors: Díaz P. , Mainar E.
Published: January 2025

We present a broader framework for the Cauchy identity derived from the determinant expansion of collocation matrices. This approach yields an infinite family of identities, where the original Cauchy identity stands as a particular case. To illustrate the versatility and depth of this approach, we provide a range of compelling examples, showcasing the connections and applications of these novel identities.
La lectura como intuición místico-sagrada en la obra de Jorge Luis Borges
Authors: Ríos Baeza Felipe Adrián
Published: January 2025

Este ensayo propone mostrar que en varias de las narraciones y ensayos de Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986) las actividades de lectura y clasificación libresca representan el acceso a una intuición de lo sagrado, e incluso a una comunión con dicha dimensión. En otras palabras, aquello que la crítica especializada ha visto como una manifestación “mística” dentro de su obra (López-Baralt, 1999; Gamerro, 2006; Adur, 2014; y otros) se trataría de un motivo literario específico que permite articular buena parte de su propuesta estética, en la que entrarían temáticas como la experiencia extrasensorial, el vislumbramiento de lo infinito o la disolución del yo. Si bien la vivencia mística, debido a su carácter divino, puede acaecer sin aviso y como parte de la gracia, la práctica constante y repetitiva de una actividad, misma que lleva a la ascesis, puede ser también una importante vía de acceso. En otras palabras, para Borges es un tipo especial de lectura, y de organización de esa lectura, la que llevaría a sus personajes a dicha intuición. Por otra parte, en este trabajo se pondrá el acento en una de las preocupaciones esenciales al momento de reunir literatura y mística: ¿cómo comunicar dicha experiencia?, ¿cómo el individuo particular al que le ha sido revelado el misterio hallará un sistema para dar cuenta del mismo? Y la respuesta será que al momento de escribir (sobre todo narrativa y ensayo) Borges no abandonará su actividad de bibliotecario.
Avatares y estereotipos. Sesgos algorítmicos de la sonrisa femenina generada por inteligencia artificial
Authors: Gascón-Vera Patricia , Mattucci Natascia , Bonaut-Iriarte Joseba
Published: January 2025

La inteligencia artificial copa nuestra actualidad. Como intriga, ante su novedad; como desarrollo tecnológico y como creación. Ante este escenario, desde la perspectiva de género y del campo de estudio de la cultura visual, se analiza cómo se representa la risa femenina en las imágenes de IA generativa. Un objetivo investigador cuya hipótesis de partida busca comprobar si se perpetúan estereotipos de la pintura clásica, los sesgos de género y cuestiones como la locura o la excentricidad en las representaciones contemporáneas. Para ello, como metodología, se efectúa un análisis de contenido con categorías sobre imagen, feminidad y risa sobre una treintena de imágenes seleccionadas de forma objetiva. Con ellas, también se consigue debatir sobre el proceso de creación artificial del banco de imágenes Shutterstock que se acoge a la ética del creador y permite avisar de imágenes dañinas. Sobre esta muestra, se visualiza un trazo sexualizado de la sonrisa femenina, al simbolizarse a través de mujeres modélicas, con escotes prominentes, vestidas con cuero o tacones. Unas representaciones que se muestran superiores al género masculino, sobre el que ríen. Por otra parte, se constata poca racialidad y representatividad de edad. Son pocos los avatares que muestran una risa salutífera y divertida, sobre un continuismo de excentricidad y estereotipos de control y deseo, lo que perpetua viejas brechas de género y conduce a esquemas sin variación sobre una risa bella y libre.