bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19–Related Ethics Consultations at a Cancer Center in New York City: A Content Review of Ethics Consultations During the Early Stages of the Pandemic
Authors: Friedman Danielle Novetsky , Blackler Liz , Alici Yesne , Scharf Amy E. , Chin Martin , Chawla Sanjay , James Monique C. , Voigt Louis P.
Published: August 2020

PURPOSE:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has raised a variety of ethical dilemmas for health care providers. Limited data are available on how a patient’s concomitant cancer diagnosis affected ethical concerns raised during the early stages of the pandemic.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective review of all COVID-related ethics consultations registered in a prospectively collected ethics database at a tertiary cancer center between March 14, 2020, and April 28, 2020. Primary and secondary ethical issues, as well as important contextual factors, were identified.

RESULTS:

Twenty-six clinical ethics consultations were performed on 24 patients with cancer (58.3% male; median age, 65.5 years). The most common primary ethical issues were code status (n = 11), obligation to provide nonbeneficial treatment (n = 3), patient autonomy (n = 3), resource allocation (n = 3), and delivery of care wherein the risk to staff might outweigh the potential benefit to the patient (n = 3). An additional nine consultations raised concerns about staff safety in the context of likely nonbeneficial treatment as a secondary issue. Unique contextual issues identified included concerns about public safety for patients requesting discharge against medical advice (n = 3) and difficulties around decision making, especially with regard to code status because of an inability to reach surrogates (n = 3).

CONCLUSION:

During the early pandemic, the care of patients with cancer and COVID-19 spurred a number of ethics consultations, which were largely focused on code status. Most cases also raised concerns about staff safety in the context of limited benefit to patients, a highly unusual scenario at our institution that may have been triggered by critical supply shortages.
A New Therapeutic Approach Using a Calcilytic (AXT914) for Postsurgical Hypoparathyroidism in Female Rats
Authors: Lim Yun-Sung , You Byung Hoon , Kim Hee-Bok , Lim So Hyun , Song Jae Geun , Bae Min Goo , Han Hyo-Kyung , Choi Young Hee , Choi Han Seok
Published: August 2020

Postsurgical hypoparathyroidism is the most common complication of thyroid surgery. Conventional therapy with high-dose calcium and vitamin D can correct hypocalcemia but can increase the risk of hypercalciuria, renal stones, or ectopic calcification. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of a calcium-sensing receptor antagonist, also called a calcilytic (AXT914), in rat models of postsurgical hypoparathyroidism. Two postsurgical hypoparathyroidism rat models were made by hemi-parathyroidectomy or total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation in 10-week-old female Wistar rats. AXT914 or vehicle was administered orally for 2 to 3 weeks. Serum PTH, calcium, and phosphorus levels, and the urinary excretion of calcium were measured. Autotransplanted parathyroid tissues were collected and examined histologically. In the hemi-parathyroidectomy model, the oral administration of the calcilytic AXT914 (5 and 10 mg/kg) for 2 weeks increased serum PTH and calcium levels and decreased serum phosphorus levels and urinary calcium excretion. In the total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation model, the oral administration of AXT914 (10 mg/kg) for 3 weeks increased serum PTH and calcium levels and decreased serum phosphorus levels. The serum PTH and calcium levels increased by AXT914 were maintained for 1 week, even after discontinuation of the drug. In conclusion, AXT914 increased PTH secretion in rat models of postsurgical hypoparathyroidism, thereby correcting abnormal calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Furthermore, AXT914 improved the functional recovery of autotransplanted parathyroid tissues.
Sex-dependent effect of APOE on Alzheimer's disease and other age-related neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Gamache Julia , Yun Young , Chiba-Falek Ornit
Published: August 2020

The importance of apolipoprotein E (APOE) in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) has been firmly established, but the mechanisms through which it exerts its pathogenic effects remain elusive. In addition, the sex-dependent effects of APOE on LOAD risk and endophenotypes have yet to be explained. In this Review, we revisit the different aspects of APOE involvement in neurodegeneration and neurological diseases, with particular attention to sex differences in the contribution of APOE to LOAD susceptibility. We discuss the role of APOE in a broader range of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, and summarize the biological factors linking APOE to sex hormones, drawing on supportive findings from rodent models to identify major mechanistic themes underlying the exacerbation of LOAD-associated neurodegeneration and pathology in the female brain. Additionally, we list sex-by-genotype interactions identified across neurodegenerative diseases, proposing APOE variants as a shared etiology for sex differences in the manifestation of these diseases. Finally, we present recent advancements in ‘omics’ technologies, which provide a new platform for more in-depth investigations of how dysregulation of this gene affects the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Collectively, the evidence summarized in this Review highlights the interplay between APOE and sex as a key factor in the etiology of LOAD and other age-related neurodegenerative diseases. We emphasize the importance of careful examination of sex as a contributing factor in studying the underpinning genetics of neurodegenerative diseases in general, but particularly for LOAD.
Üks laenuline perekonnanime tüüp: nimed lõpuga -mees
Authors: Kallasmaa Marja , Puss Fred
Published: August 2020

Kirjutises esitletakse Eesti perekonnanimede tüüpi, kus nime lõpuosiseks on -mees. Perekonnanimede panekul 1822–1835 on nimesid lõpuga -mees (-mes) pandud rohkem kui 140 mõisas. Paljud neist on hääbunud, samas on seda tüüpi perekonnanimesid pandud/võetud ka XX sajandil: 1921–1922 Petserimaal ja Narvatagusel ning 1935–1940 nimede eestistamisel. Kirjutises on ära toodud kõik 63 mees-lõpulist perekonnanime, mis esinesid rahvastikuregistris aastal 2017, nimekandjate hulk sel aastal, nimede päritolu ja tekkekoht, enamasti mõisa täpsusega. Nenditakse, et nimetüüp lõpuga -mees on laen saksa keelest (tõlgitud on saksa perekonnanimede formant -mann ’mees, inimene’), ehkki vastavaid eeskujuks olevaid liitsõnu esineb ka eesti keeles (näiteks aumees, jahimees, kälimees, maamees, põllumees, sannamees, talumees, nimepanemise ajal arvatavasti juba ka laenuline kaupmees). Saksa keelest on enamasti siiski laenatud nii perekonnanimede struktuuritüüp kui ka sageli nimeosade leksika (mugand, laen või otsetõlge eesti keelde). Vaid iga kümnenda nime puhul võiks väita, et aluseks on eestikeelne liitsõna. Huvitaval kombel järgib mees-lõpuline perekonnanimetüüp levikuala, mis on kindlaks tehtud paljude murdenähtuste puhul.

Abstract. Marja Kallasmaa and Fred Puss: A borrowed name type: surnames ending with ‑mees ‘man’. In the Population Register in 2017, there were 63 surnames ending with -mees ‘man’. The article presents the etymology of all these names. The Estonian surname type ending -mees has mostly been borrowed from German surnames with the name formant -mann. Estonian peasants received their surnames in the 19th century (about 31,000 surnames in 1822–1835, of those around 100 ending with -mees). Among those, there were around 5,020 occasions of surnames (around 2,000 different names) ending with -man(n), mostly in North Estonia. In 1935–1940, the peak of the Estonianization of surnames took place and 22 names ending with -mees were added. 1. Most of surnames ending with -mees are translation loans as Jõemees (Bachmann), Majamees (Hausmann), Metsmees (Waldmann), Mäemees (Bergmann), Nõmmemees (Heidemann), etc. In one surname, a partial translation of the first part has been found: Piirimees (Altegrenzmann). 2. Surnames with adapted first part: Valdmees (Waldmann), Kunstimees (Kunstmann). 3. There are different first parts of surnames in the islands of Hiiumaa and Saaremaa: in Hiiumaa, the first parts are toponyms, in Saaremaa, mostly adjectives. 4. Some surnames present the dialectal form versus standard language form: Mõtsmees and Metsmees (dialectal mõts, standard mets ‘forest’), Tepomees and Teppomees (standard male name Tepo, in the coastal dialect Teppo, same in the old spelling), Sannamees (standard saunamees ‘smallholder’). The surname written in 1835 – Maelzemees – has given three different present-day spellings: Mäeltsemees, Mältsamees and Määltsemees. 5. German influence is both structural and lexical (translation, adaptation, word selection). 6. Only around one tenth of the names come from Estonian compound words.
„Meil oli Mihkel Mehka ja ta naise nimi Hipp“ – Hargla kihelkonna tunnuslikest eesnimedest
Authors: Pae Taavi
Published: August 2020

Siinses artiklis vaatlen Hargla kihelkonna isikunimistut, keskendudes piirkonna tunnusnimedele Mehka ja Hipp. Neist esimese järgi on tekkinud piirkonnanimi Mehkamaa ja ka etnonüüm mehkad piirkonna elanike tähistamiseks. Nimekasutuse uurimiseks koostasin Eesti Rahvusarhiivis säilitatavate Hargla kihelkonna kirikuraamatute põhjal eesnimekorpuse. Eelkõige analüüsin tunnusnimede ajalist ulatust lähtuvalt legendist, mille järgi Põhjasõja aegadel jäid piirkonda elama vaid Mehka ja Hipp ning Mõniste ümbruse rahvas pärineb suuresti sellest kooselust. Arhiiviallikad näitavad, et nimi Mehka ilmub kirikuraamatutesse alles 18. sajandi lõpus, kuid nimi võis olla varem kirikuraamatusse kirjutatud Mihklina. Eelmainitud legendi võib aga pidada kunstlikuks, mille levik on seotud eelkõige Mõniste muuseumiga, kus seda hakati tutvustama. Hargla kihelkonna üldine nimevaramu muutus aga käib kokku ühiskondlike muutustega 19. sajandi lõpukümnenditel ja sealt kadusid koos mitmete teiste toonaste tavaliste nimedega ka piirkonna tunnuseesnimed Mehka ja Hipp.

Abstract. Taavi Pae: “We used Mehka instead Mihkel and his wife’s name was Hipp” – On the characteristic first names of Hargla parish. In this article, I analyse first names in the Hargla parish (Võru county in Southern Estonia), focusing on two historically typical first names for the region: Mehka and Hipp. The first of these has been used to identify the whole area (Mehkamaa) as well as an ethnonym (mehkad). The author compiled a firstname corpus based on the Hargla parish register kept in the Estonian National Archives. One motive for the analysis was to verify the folklore of only two people in the area – a Mehka and a Hipp – surviving the Great Northern War, with the full population of the area descending from this partnership. The archive materials indicate that Mehka appeared in the parish register only in the late 18th century. There are several references to the earlier use of that name, but in the parish record they were marked as Mihkel. Nonetheless, the ‘folklore’ can be considered artificial with its spread primarily related to the Mõniste Museum founded in 1957. The general change in the name system of Hargla parish coincided with the social changes in the late 19th century. The regional first names Mehka and Hipp disappeared and the names became longer and more German-like.
Marja Kallasmaa bibliograafia 1975–2019
Authors: Laansalu Tiina
Published: August 2020

Marja Kallasmaa bibliograafia 1975–2019.
A 45-year follow-up study of adolescent schizophrenia. Part I: Premorbid values of psychological and relational indicators in the context of illness course and long-term social functioning of patients
Authors: Ślosarczyk Mariusz , Ślosarczyk Katarzyna , Furgał Mariusz
Published: August 2020

Cel pracy

W literaturze przedmiotu rzadko spotyka się badania nad predyktorami przebiegu schizofrenii młodzieńczej, zwłaszcza oparte na danych pochodzących z długoterminowych katamnez. W naszej analizie badamy zależności pomiędzy przedchorobowym funkcjonowaniem badanych a wskaźnikami klinicznymi i społecznymi przebiegu choroby.

Metoda

69 pacjentów hospitalizowanych w wieku średnio 16 lat (punkt 0) z powodu schizofrenii (rediagnozowanej retrospektywnie wg kryteriów ICD-10) i powtórnie zbadanych w 5 lat później (punkt 1 – badanie osobiste dotyczyło 41 osób) zostało po raz kolejny poddanych ocenie pod kątem parametrów klinicznych i społecznych w 45 lat po wyjściowej hospitalizacji (punkt 2 – badanie osobiste dotyczyło 21 osób).

Wyniki

Przedchorobowe wskaźniki nastroju, napędu życiowego, ekspresji uczuć, poziomu wycofania społecznego, inteligencji, lęku, rozwoju popędowości seksualnej i agresywnej oraz rodzinnego i pozarodzinnego życia relacyjnego ujawniły liczne i różnorodne korelacje zarówno z obrazem objawowym i klinicznym przebiegiem schizofrenii, jak i odległym funkcjonowaniem społecznym badanych. Zmiennymi o największym znaczeniu rokowniczym okazały się być: postawa uczuciowa „od” ludzi i świata oraz bogate życie relacyjne poza rodziną pochodzenia. Zmienne te ujawniły przeciwstawne korelacje zwłaszcza z nasileniem objawów negatywnych, poziomem późnego wglądu i regresji, jakością życia zawodowego i punktacją w skali GAF, przy czym korelacje bogatego życia relacyjnego należy ocenić jako pozytywne, a korelacje postawy „od” jako negatywne. Istotny okazał się również harmonijny rozwój popędowości oraz wysoka inteligencja. Korelacje obu tych zmiennych okazały się korzystne zarówno w wymiarze klinicznym, jak i społecznym

Wnioski

Tak zwana osobowość przedchorobowa opisywana przez szereg wskaźników okazuje się być istotnym czynnikiem prognostycznym w schizofrenii młodzieńczej.
Psychoanalysis, illustration and the art of hysteria: Transcript from a talk, Worcester 2019
Authors: Grose Anouchka
Published: August 2020

‘Psychoanalysis, illustration and the art of hysteria’ is a transcript of a talk. It explores the possibility of the disruption of meaning in both the analytic encounter and the encounter between image and text. In order to do this, it focuses on the photographs of hysterics taken at the Salpêtrière Hospital in the nineteenth century and asks, ‘what were the doctors doing to these women, and what were these women doing to the doctors?’ From here it goes on to explore Lacan’s four discourses (the discourse of the master, the hysteric, the analyst and the university) that provide a radically non-illustrative means of illuminating the logic of hysteria. The overall drive of the article is to articulate something around the transformative potential of unruly communications, arguing for the possibility that linear arguments and an insistence on sense-making are far from the only means of addressing the Other in order to bring about change.
Imaginary children: Emotional landscapes of involuntary childlessness – personal reflections, sketching, diary and picture book
Authors: Iashchenko Varvara
Published: August 2020

The act of drawing is still an underestimated, powerful and simple means of expression for adults. It represents an odd, unconventional and hence exceptional channel to self-awareness. This article is a phenomenological study of the author’s path from sketching to an emerging visual narrative about a prolonged period of unsuccessful attempts at conceiving a child. The emotional states that arose and the transitions that occurred during this period are discussed through the prism of matrescence, a transitional period to motherhood. It starts with a conscious decision to have a child. Through the biology and by means of drawing and illustration, the author explores the inner workings of the mind, decodes visual metaphors and symbols, and explores emotional and menstrual cycles of conceiving and losing, searching for lost connections to the body and processes within. Motives of walking, going through and cycling recur in the sketches and drawings. The cycling also appears through the metaphor of tides on the seashore. The fjord – the sea as the origin of life in a biological sense – becomes a place for emotional transformation. In this article, emotional landscapes hold a special place as a helpful tool for working with emotions and developing the story. The initial sketches are examined along with the text of the diary. The phenomenon of disconnection is discussed in a social context to reveal how it is shown in the illustrations. Finally, the egg becomes a strong visual trigger and a link between biology and art, and a character in the narrative.
Forming the narrative of chronic pain: Visual expressions of psychosocial experience
Authors: McConaghy Niamh
Published: August 2020

This article focuses upon the impact of using participant-created visual imagery and poetry to encourage a more comprehensive dialogue of the psychosocial and mental health elements of the experience of chronic pain. It explores six participants’ semi-structured interview dialogues, following two workshops and two weeks of journaling at home using the arts-based methods. Findings of this study suggest that these methods can enhance the awareness of pain-related factors and strengthen the understanding of the connection between influencing and affecting pain factors in daily life. Therapeutically, this process has encouraged positive pain behaviours, such as hope, purpose and appreciation of self, and created a more personal narrative of the reality of daily pain experience. It strengthens the argument for using combinations of arts-based outcomes to create more informative, personal and accessible methods of pain communication.
Hail the nightmare: Music, sound and materiality in Bloodborne
Authors: Kolassa Alexander
Published: August 2020

This article investigates the usage of music and sound in the 2015 video game Bloodborne, exploring how the game’s aesthetics of difficulty and maximalism exert a disruptive influence for a struggling player. In particular, it focuses on how the soundtrack attenuates the series of escalating monster boss battles around which the game is structured. Combining ‘Gothic’ and ‘Weird’ horror tropes with the techniques of musical modernism, these composite ‘musical monsters’ gesture, disturbingly, towards new kinds of monstrous materialities that challenge a simple distinction between sound and image.
‘Listen to the atmosphere!’: On spectator sounds and their potentially disruptive role in a football simulation video game
Authors: Graakjær Nicolai Jørgensgaard
Published: August 2020

This article aims to specify the role of spectator sounds in football simulation video games as exemplified by FIFA 19: what are the structures and functions of spectator sounds and how are these sounds related to the visuals of the video game and the player’s actions and potential experience of disruption? Although the examination generally adds to the understanding of a prevalent and purportedly significant yet hitherto rather underexplored type of video game sound, the examination also motivates a modification of certain positions within previous research that has routinely highlighted the non-obtrusive role of video game sounds. Specifically, the article shows how the disruptive potential of the spectator sounds is attributional both to what they sound like, why they occur and how and from what perspective the player is called upon to listen to them.
Music as temporal disruption in Assassin’s Creed
Authors: Lind Stephanie
Published: August 2020

The Assassin’s Creed video game series incorporates real-world historical elements. While some historically derived musical elements are referenced from the time period and geographic setting of the game, in the first game of the series, Assassin’s Creed 1 (2007), these historical snippets are subsumed within a modern musical setting emphasizing digital sound. The effect is a bleeding-over of ancient with modern that mirrors the plot of the game. This new spin on the time travel narrative creates a disconnect for the player and invokes disruption in a number of ways: through plots, visual distortions and sound/music effects. Musically, disruptions invoke a sense of aural discomfort in the player, which mimics aspects of the game narrative such as the protagonist’s physical distress. In order to better understand the interrelationship between these components, this article uses graphic transcriptions to categorize the musical, visual and narrative functions into fiction, interface and hypervisual/hypersonic components.
Vocal disruptions in the aural game world: The female entertainer in The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt, Transistor and Divinity: Original Sin II
Authors: Smith Jennifer
Published: August 2020

The voice as disruption is not a new concept. Disruptions to discourses, relationships and lifestyles can be caused by the insertion of the voice. In video games, voices can be disruptive to player progressions, gameplay and character relationships through dialogue and performances. The female entertainer frequently disrupts the aural space of a game through her uniqueness as a performer at the forefront of the diegetic space, using song to tell her own story. The video games The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt (2015), Transistor (2014) and Divinity Original Sin II (2017) use diegetic female entertainer voices to disrupt the video game’s continuity. These case studies consider performance as disruption to gameplay, which is significant for the growth of the story and its characters, alongside the player’s understanding of the game’s musical meanings.
Rewind, revisit, relisten: Transport, spatial displacement and mixtape environments in Small Radios Big Televisions
Authors: Galloway Kate
Published: August 2020

Small Radios Big Televisions (2016) guides the player through a series of abandoned modern factories to locate objects and solve puzzles, including cassette tapes that transport them to virtual locations. Each tape presents a diorama-like environment, ranging from natural environments, including forests and beaches. Throughout Small Radios Big Televisions players must warp and electronically distort music and sounds, magnetizing tapes. These musical disruptions of the tape tracks are a core game mechanic. This article draws on autoethnographic gameplay, material and spatial analysis to investigate how players explore abandoned worlds stored on glitchy analogue cassettes full of visual and sonic noise.
ADAPTATION AND SOCIALIZATION OF SOCIAL ORPHANS IN KYRGYZSTAN
Authors: Salmorbekova Rita B. , Karimova Kunduz
Published: August 2020

The article presents analyses of the main causes of the increase in the number of social orphans in Kyrgyzstan. Based on the materials of a sociological research, conducted by the initiative of the Ministry of Social Development of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2016, it was revealed that 99.5% of social orphans live in orphanages. For a child who grew up without a family, the agents of socialization are: zhamaat (community), peers and educators of orphanages. Today, as never before, social orphans need in orphanages and boarding schools. Due to the lack of contacts with parents, many social orphans have an incorrect understanding of different social roles. The lack of such contacts leads to difficulties in socialization and adaptation in society. Besides, inmates of orphanages have changes in social relations, a weak self-confidence, a decrease in targeting, and etc.
PROBLEMS OF ENSURING INFORMATION SECURITY IN RUSSIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Kaigorodtsev Alexander A. , Kaigorodtseva Tatiana F.
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the issues of ensuring information security of economic systems in the digital economy. The transition to the digital economy, coupled with a new round of development of information systems and technological solutions based on them, is the cause of new challenges in the field of information security. The purpose of the article is to study the problem of ensuring information security in Russia in the context of the country's transition to a digital economy. The article describes the challenges and threats that hinder the development of the digital economy. The directions of ensuring information security in the digital economy are defined. One of the tools for information protection is cryptography, which technologies allow you to: identify and authenticate objects and subjects of information networks; control / differentiate access to local network resources and off-network services; ensure data integrity. The use of Blockchain technologies is a promising direction for ensuring information security of economic entities and the national economy as a whole. Based on Blockchain technologies, it is possible to create a system of software, information and analytical tools that allow for a high degree of adaptability, reliability and payback to solve various tasks provided for by the national security Strategy of the Russian Federation. However, expanding the use of these technologies requires addressing their inherent shortcomings and creating a legal framework for their use.
WOMEN'S OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE HEALTH
Authors: Natsun Leyla N.
Published: August 2020

The health of women of reproductive age is the basis for forming the health of new generations of the population. Reducing preventable mortality and morbidity of women with diseases that reduce their reproductive potential, as well as motivating them to lead a healthy lifestyle are urgent tasks in the field of strengthening the demographic potential of the country. The purpose of this work is to analyze themain indicators that characterize the health of women of reproductive age in Russia, as well as the characteristics of behavioral factors that affect the health of this category of population. The information base of the study was made up of the works of domestic and foreign authors, statistical data, and materials of selective observation of behavioral factors affecting the health of the population (for 2018), conducted by the Federal state statistics service. It is shown that, despite the improvement of individual indicators of health of women of reproductive age, an actual threat to it is an increase in the incidence of neoplasms and infertility. Analysis of sample observation data allowed to expand the number of problems identified in the statistics. It was found that different age groups of women of reproductive age have different combinations of behavioral factors that affect health. In the future, it is planned to expand the results obtained by adding an analysis of regional sociological research data.
Perinatal Dietary Protein Deficiency Alters Neurodevelopment and Reproductive Health of F0 and F1-Generations of Sprague-Dawley

Rat Models
Authors: Nosarieme Abey , Taiwo Ebuehi Osaretin
Published: August 2020

Maternal and child health has been linked to the development of the human conceptus which absolutely depends on adequate and balanced supplies of key nutrients; therefore, an important element of reproductive health and neurodevelopment is improved nutritional status in women of child bearing age. Defect in neurodevelopment of newborn costs the mother both psychological and emotional stress, also reproductive health failure has been a significant public health concern, because it leads to disability in couples and individuals who bear the burden, there is therefore an urgent need to understand the underlying of birth malformation in order to channel possible solution. This study therefore sought to investigate the reproductive and neurodevelopmental defects in rat models of F
0, F
1 and F
2 generations after modeled dietary protein deficiency, establishing the consequential mechanistic association. Rats in four groups were fed different ration of protein diet (PD); 21% PD, 10%PD, 5%PD and control diet (Normal rat chow), from adolescent through to gestation and Lactation, and next generations were weaned to the maternal diet group. Reproductive function and fertility index (including oestrus cyclicity, sexual response, histopathology and hormone profiling), as well as Neurobehavioral studies to include; Learning Memory tests (Y-maze, Moriz water maze, Elevated Plus Maze and Open field test) and Brain oxidative stress. Result shows significant reduction in the %fertility index and the overall reproductive function in the protein deficient models (5%PD; 35%2.5 10%PD; 66%2.2 as compared to 21%PD; 88.4%0.8, and control 85.8%1.3) which persist in subsequent generation. There was also observable transgenerational cognitive impairment reflected in: The Y-maze (Spatial memory: 5%; 8.3%, 10%; 9.25% 21%; 57.6% and control 55.95%), Morizz water Maze (5%: 26.5; 10%;21, 21%;5 and control; 6, as escape latency time), there was a significant decrease in the antioxidant capacity of the brain, especially in the 5%PD models. Brain serotonin and dopamine levels respectively; 5%: 2.70.3; 36.25 0.57., 10%; 2.90.3; 17.75 0.94., 21%;7.80.9; 7.951.1., and control; 70.2; 11.550.7. were significantly perturbed in the test model brains. Therefore, Protein deficiency is capable of causing a dysfunction in the reproductive health of models, by altering the oestrus cyclicity which is partly dependent on the changes in hormonal events, the brain redox status and neurotransmitter system. Therefore, persistent perinatal exposure to protein malnutrition increases the risk of cognitive defect and other brain disorders in subsequent generations. There was an evidence of metabolic reset in the malnourished group; this may be due in part to epigenetic regulation of transposable element.
Jacques d'Artevelde, un héros gantois. ou l'histoire médiévale à l'aune des tensions politiques, idéologiques et communautaires belges
Authors: Boone Marc
Published: August 2020

James of Artevelde was the leader of Ghent (and of Flanders) in one of the many 14th century revolts against the power of the count of Flanders, as such he became a figure of reference for many revolts to come, in Ghent and abroad. In the course of history his person and deeds were used (and abused) as symbol by many often conflicting ideological and political parties. Especially in the course of the 19th century when not only medieval history was rediscoverd in the age of romanticism, but also because the newly founded Belgians state sought to legitimize its existence. Most famous was the heated debate around his statue which was finally prefered instead of a statue for yet another important historical figure (emperor Charles Vth) with roots in Ghent. Artevelde's statue was inaugurated with pomp and circumstance and in the presence of the king of the Belgians, Leopold I in 1863. The discussion did not come to a halt once the statue was revealed. On the contrary: both the flemish nationalists and socialists adopted the figure of Van Artevelde as a symbol. Since the former lost the battle for the collective memory due to collaboration with the German forces in both world-wars, the left wing symbolism gained this battle in so far that the Ghent leader of the socialist movement Anseele adopted a Van Artevelde stand for his own statue from 1948.
Die Toten und die Dinge
Authors: Stetter Manuel
Published: August 2020

Manuel Stetter stellt in seinen Tagungsbeobachtungen zentrale Themen der 8. funerale zusammen. Die Gesprächsfäden werden innerhalb eines praxistheoretisch informierten Rahmens interpretiert und probeweise weitergeführt. Angeregt durch die Beiträge und Diskurse der Tagung wird der Reliquienbegriff dabei als exploratives Tool verstanden, über das eine Suchbewegung organisiert werden kann, die dezidiert auf Entdeckungen abzielt: auf neue Beobachtungen und frische Analysen, durch die sich die gegenwärtige Kultur des Sepulkralen in ihren materiellen Komponenten instruktiv erforschen lässt.
Im Raum des Virus
Authors: Hentschel Christine
Published: August 2020

Wie erfindet sich politische Öffentlichkeit neu in einem Regime, das uns einander vom Leib halten will? Christine Hentschel reflektiert in ihrem Beitrag die Proteste gegen die Pandemiemaßnahmen als Akte des physischen und affektiven Präsentwerdens im öffentlichen Raum, in einer Zeit, in der uns die »Körperwelt« da draußen suspekt geworden ist. Über ethnografische Beobachtungen der Demonstrationen in Hamburg erstaunt sie, wie vehement die Kategorien »links« und »rechts« von den Demonstrierenden als bedeutungslos abgelehnt und stattdessen moralische Bekenntnisse über »Liebe« »Freiheit«, »Wahrheit« und »Widerstand« abgegeben werden. Es sind gerade die losen Enden, die anscheinend nicht zu einander passenden Behauptungen, die dramatischen Übertreibungen und das schamlose Stehlen von Slogans aus anderen politischen Kämpfen, die sie an diesen Protesten interessieren.
Neologismos em áreas de especialidade
Authors: Oliveira Elvirley Freires Rodrigues de , Minussi Rafael Dias
Published: August 2020

Os neologismos têm uma forte ligação com a inovação e a criatividade. Os mecanismos de criação e inovação permitem o surgimento de novos vocábulos e não raro este fenômeno surge primeiramente em áreas de especialidade para então passar a fazer parte do vocabulário comum, embora o contrário também ocorra. Este artigo busca descrever a produtividade neológica e, para isso, lançamos mão da análise semiautomática de um corpus de pesquisa, a fim de realizar uma descrição, classificação e quantificação da neologia (neologismo, estrangeirismo e empréstimo linguístico) em relação às áreas de especialidade, tomando como base no corpus de pesquisa composto por revistas voltadas para o público feminino. Como resultado da pequisa, destacamos  que o fenômeno linguístico mais produtivo em termos absolutos na amostra estudada foi o estrangeirismo com 58% do total. Por sua vez, encontramos um número reduzido de empréstimos linguísticos, perfazendo 4% do total da amostra.
Apresentação do dicionário multilíngue de termos do setor feirístico
Authors: Godoy Ariane Dutra Fante
Published: August 2020

O setor feirístico tem grande relevância no cenário econômico nacional e internacional, pois fomenta o intercâmbio de contatos comerciais e novos negócios e está em constante expansão. Ainda que seja uma área forte no Brasil e no mundo, não se encontram disponíveis no mercado materiais terminográficos para os profissionais envolvidos nesse setor (expositores, empresas organizadoras de feiras, promotoras, visitantes, intérpretes e tradutores). Para preencher essa lacuna, considerando a importância da participação em feiras de negócios para o crescimento da economia interna e a expansão das exportações, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é identificar a terminologia multilíngue do domínio das feiras com o objetivo específico de elaborar um dicionário terminológico unidirecional do português para o inglês, o francês e o italiano de termos desse setor. Para tanto, baseamo-nos nos conceitos da Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia (CABRÉ, 1993, 1999), Equivalência Terminológica (DUBUC, 1985, 1992), Variação Terminológica (FAULSTICH, 1998, 2001) e  Linguística de Corpus (BERBER SARDINHA, 2004); reunimos corpora de estudo nas 4 línguas (guias e manuais do expositor); fizemos o levantamento dos candidatos a termo com o auxílio da WordSmith tools (MIKE SCOTT, 2012), elencando-os em fichas terminológicas criadas por meio da ferramenta SDL MultiTerm (2017). Os 311 termos estudados em cada língua foram analisados em seus contextos de uso e os ganchos terminológicos levantados para o estabelecimento das equivalências. Para este artigo, apresentamos as etapas metodológicas, o método de estabelecimento de equivalências, a macro e microestrutura e modelos de verbetes e informações numéricas acerca do dicionário.
Depression and dementia: differentiation and comorbidity
Authors: Lobzin V. Yu. , Emelin A. Yu.
Published: August 2020

The relationship between cognitive impairment (CI) and depression is complicated: h\the latter can be one of the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease or may precede the onset of CI. Depression also has cognitive symptoms that alter the clinical presentation of the disease. Patients with depressive pseudodementia experience difficulties concentrating, confusion concurrent with impaired memory and thinking, whereas the patient’s answers to certain questions often resemble the vague pseudoamnestic pattern of the impairment. Mnestic disorders occur in at least 40% of patients with depression, and if the latter is diagnosed in the patient who already has dementia, the rate of cognitive decline may be faster. The mechanisms underlying the development of CI can also affect the development of depression. When assessing the risk of dementia in depression, it is necessary to take into account the time from the onset of a major depressive episode until moderate CI appears, to carry out a detailed analysis of neuropsychological testing for Alzheimer’s disease and to use the current lifetime markers for amyloidosis and neurodegeneration. Serotonergic antidepressants and non-pharmacological cognitive behavioral and psychotherapeutic procedures play the most important role in the treatment of depression and dementia.
Tolperisone in the treatment of acute and chronic nonspecific back pain
Authors: Golovacheva V. A. , Golovacheva A. A. , Zinovyeva O. E. , Golubev V. L.
Published: August 2020

Nonspecific back pain (NBP) is one of the most common reasons to see a neurologist or therapist. Acute (<4 weeks' duration), subacute (4 to 12 weeks), and chronic (>12 weeks) NBPs are recognized. The diagnosis of NBP is based on anamnestic data, somatic, neurological, and neurologic-and-orthopedic examination findings and on the exclusion of the specific causes of back pain, discogenic radiculopathy, and vertebral canal stenosis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and muscle relaxants are used in the pharmacotherapy of acute, subacute, and chronic NBP. Tolperisone is widely used as a muscle relaxant in Russia and in the countries of Europe and Asia. Clinical trials have shown the efficacy and good tolerance of tolperisone used alone and in combination with NSAIDs for NBP. The review presents clinical recommendations from different countries on the use of muscle relaxants in the treatment of acute and chronic NBP. It is concluded that a large-scale qualitative randomized trial should be conducted to investigate the efficacy of muscle relaxants, tolperisone in particular, in the treatment of acute, subacute, and chronic NBP.
Puncture technologies in the treatment of pain syndrome caused by sacroiliac joint dysfunction
Authors: Belozerskikh K. A. , Egorov O. E. , Evzikov G. Yu. , Shadyzheva T. I.
Published: August 2020

Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction is a cause of low back pain in 10–30% of cases. In 1993, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defined the following set of diagnostic criteria necessary to diagnose SIJ dysfunction: 1) the presence of pain in the areas characteristic of SIJ lesions, with special attention to pain in the Fortin area projection, with possible different types of radiation; 2) positive pain provocation tests for a SIJ lesion; 3) reduced pain after intra-articular anesthetic injection; 4) the lack of a specific nature of the lesion (fracture, inflammation, tumor, etc.). Injection of 0.5–2.5 ml of solution of an anesthetic (bupivacaine, lidocaine) and 20–40 mg of triamcinolone or 5 mg of betamethasone (1 ml) into the SIJ area is used as interventional technologies. More prolonged analgesia involves radiofrequency denervation (RFD) of the SIJ, in which needles with electrodes are placed in the projection of the nerves that innervate the SIJ, and their local thermal destruction is performed. The effectiveness of RFD of SIJ requires further investigation.
Cubital tunnel syndrome masked by spinal osteochondrosis
Authors: Golovacheva A. A. , Golovacheva V. A. , Yusupova R. M. , Shcheglova N. S. , Zonov M. G. , Bashlachev M. G.
Published: August 2020

Cubital tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the second most common compression mononeuropathy that is effectively treated. The risk factors for CTS include repetitive arm flexion at the elbow joint and prolonged arm flexion with support on the elbow. The diagnosis of CTS is based on its clinical presentations, the data of neurological examinations, and the results of electroneuromyography and ultrasound examination. The symptoms of the disease progress quickly, therefore the early diagnosis of CTS and its timely treatment are of great importance for the patient's recovery. Unfortunately, patients with CTS are often observed to be erroneously diagnosed with degenerative and dystrophic spinal changes. The paper presents an observation of effective treatment in a young patient who has been suffering from CTS for a long time and been erroneously diagnosed with spinal osteochondrosis. Six months after surgical treatment (for decompression and neurolysis of the left ulnar nerve), the patient regained hand sensitivity and movement. It is concluded that further investigation is necessary to assess predictors of effective surgical treatment in patients with this disease.
Chemotranscriptome analysis indicates the neurotrophic and neuromodulator effects of a citicoline molecule
Authors: Torshin I. Yu. , Gromova O. A. , Stakhovskaya L. V. , Semenov V. A. , Shchukin I. A.
Published: August 2020

Objective: to investigate the effect of citicoline (CTC) on gene transcription.

Material and methods. Chemotranscriptome analysis of the CTC molecule was carried out on an NPC.TAK model, provided that the cells were incubated with CTC for 24 hours.

Results and discussion. CTC dose-dependently affected the transcription of 8,838 out of 12,716 annotated human genes, mainly by increasing the transcription of the genes involved: 1) in the neurotransmitter metabolism of serotonin (n=36), dopamine (n=32), GABA (n=14), and acetylcholine (n=27); 2) in showing the effects of neurotrophic factors (n=152), including nerve growth factor (n=11); 3) in maintaining the cardiovascular system (vasodilation and cardiac electrical activity; a total of 76 genes). CTC reduced the transcription of the genes, whose protein activity supported inflammation (n=86) and cell division (n=656). CTC elevated the expression of 60 genes involved in triglyceride processing and decreased the expression of 51 genes whose proteins were involved in cholesterol metabolism. CTC increased the transcription of the genes involved in the body’s response to various drugs, including antiepileptic drugs (n=20), dopaminergic agents (n=19), antipsychotics (n=38), anxiolytics (n=21), sedatives (n=22), antidepressants (n=35), anesthetics (n=23), and antidementia drugs (n=11).

Conclusion. Chemotranscriptome analysis indicated the positive effect of CTC on neurotransmission, neuroprotection, lipid profile, and a higher neuronal susceptibility to other neuroactive drugs.
The Aesthetic Taste Representation of Coastal Community
Authors: Wiyoso Joko , Putra Bintang Hanggoro
Published: August 2020

Aesthetic tastes of a person to an art form are determined by the knowledge and experience that comes from the culture of the community. In this regard, this study aims to determine the aesthetic tastes of coastal communities as reflected in the collaborative packaging of the traditional art of Barong Ngesti Wargo Budoyo. The method used was a qualitative research method with data collection techniques, observation, interviews and documentation, then the data were analyzed based on interactive data analysis which the flow were data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. The results showed that the collaborative packaging of the traditional art of Barong Ngesti Wargo Budoyo received tremendous appreciation from coastal communities, it was shown that every performance of this art was always full of audiences of all ages. The audience in the show as if there is no distance, the audience can also interact with players. The phenomenon that occurs in collaborative performances of traditional arts, indicates that the collaborative packaging of traditional arts represents the packaging of shows that suits the aesthetic tastes of coastal communities.  Community tastes based on their characteristics can be categorized into popular taste.
The Visual Arts of Masjid Agung Sang Cipta Rasa Cirebon: Hybrid Culture Identity
Authors: Kartika Nyai , Piliang Yasraf Amir , Santosa Imam , Dienaputra Reiza D.
Published: August 2020

Cultural hybrids complement the richness of the visual art of Masjid Agung Sang Cipta Rasa in Cirebon. The influence of diversity can be seen in the mosque including having strong local cultural characteristics, coupled with the influence of foreign cultures such as Arabic, India, and China. This study aims to find hybrid culture crosses in elements of Masjid Agung Sang Cipta Cipta. The method used is the historical method. The historical method is the process of critically testing and analyzing records and relics of the past. This method consists of several stages, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this study describe various forms of hybridity that have influenced the development of Masjid Agung Sang Cipta Rasa. The elements are considered to represent the period before Islam entered, or the influence of Hindu Buddhism, Chinese, Arab, Javanese, and European that coexist in Cirebon. The elements of visual arts in the mosque which are part of the hybrid cultural cross-identity among which are represented on the roof that gets influence (Javanese, Hindu-Buddhist, Arabic/Islamic); gate (Hindu-Buddhist); maksurah (Arabic); mihrab (Arabic, Chinese); pillars (Javanese, Arabic). This shows that the greatest influence on the building of Masjid Agung Sang Cipta Rasa, starting from the earliest development until several centuries later, is the influence of culture from outside.
La extensión técnica: un servicio innovador para las cooperativas educativas de los colegios técnicos profesionales
Authors: Carvajal Salas Alexander , Roldan Quirós Walter Andrés
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo aborda el potencial del extensionismo técnico cuando se integran los procesos de innovación e investigación en las asociaciones educativas. Se parte de los resultados de un estudio descriptivo en el primer semestre de 2019, en el distrito Piedades Sur, cantón San Ramón, propiamente en la Cooperativa Educativa del Colegio Técnico Profesional de la localidad. Allí, se identifican las necesidades de la comunidad y de la agrupación, con el afán de adaptar el modelo de extensión de la New Mexico State University (NMSU), que consiste en homologar las asociaciones educativas como oficinas de extensión, en donde los extensionistas serían los mismos estudiantes de especialidades técnicas que mediante una figura de voluntariado o de servicio comunal permanente y la articulación con el aparato estatal del país impacten en el desarrollo comunitario.
Bocetos de infancia: la libreta “Dibujos del hogar” de Francisco Antonio Cano (1895)
Authors: Uribe Verónica
Published: August 2020

Francisco Antonio Cano dibujó a sus hijos en una libreta que tituló “Dibujos del hogar” conmemorando así el día a día de su familia. Este artículo propone que este libro de bebé tuvo dos objetivos principales: inmortalizar a sus hijos registrando la fugacidad de lainfancia y dibujar como excusa para evidenciar al dibujante. Este texto plantea que el momento pasajero de la niñez se conmemoró a través de un medio que es por definición momentáneo. Haciendo un cuidadoso análisis visual de este objeto, enmarcándolo dentro de un contexto estético sobre el género del boceto, y haciendo un seguimiento del tema de infancia en la obra del artista, el artículo propone una lectura sobre un objeto hasta el momento no estudiadoque permite entender a Cano como un pintor moderno, íntimo y familiar. La práctica de abocetar se enmarca en esta libreta donde la niñez aparece representada como un instantede tiempo que se desvanece a través del acto momentáneo del padre-artista que dibuja.
Reseñas sobre cuatro libros del bicentenario colombiano (1819-2019)
Authors: Echavarría-Carvajal Jorge
Published: August 2020

Reseñas sobre cuatro libros del bicentenario colombiano (1819-2019)