bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dictadura y guerrilla en Nicaragua: Reflexiones sobre la finalización del conflicto, desmovilización y paz
Authors: Ferrero Blanco María Dolores
Published: November 2018

El siguiente artículo postulado para ser publicado en la Revista TEMAS del Departamento de Humanidades de la Universidad Santo Tomás (Seccional Bucaramanga), fue preliminarmente socializado a manera de conferencia central en el XIV Congreso Internacional de Humanidades, evento académico en el que se quiso presentar un modelo de “posconflicto” diferente al colombiano –el nicaragüense–, para que pudiese servir como un referente de comparación, reflexión y estudio del contexto histórico posibilitado por los diálogos de paz entre la guerrilla de las FARC y el Gobierno de Colombia entre los años 2012-2016. En aras del orden y claridad didáctica, se expondrán los siguientes contenidos: la trayectoria de la dictadura de los Somoza en Nicaragua, sus enfrentamientos con la guerrilla del FSLN hasta el triunfo de la revolución, la década sandinista, la vía que se escogió para la finalización del conflicto, la construcción de la paz y la desmovilización.
Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is associated with enhanced survival on hospital fabrics
Authors: Lopez-Gigosos Rosa M. , Mariscal Alberto , Gutierrez-Bedmar Mario , Real Macarena , Mariscal-López Eloisa
Published: November 2018

The success of Acinetobacter baumannii as an emerging organism is probably linked to its high resistance to adverse environmental conditions. This study was conducted to analyze the association between some factors that may favor the dissemination of A. baumannii clinical isolates. A total of 47 clinical strains of A. baumannii were evaluated to carbapenem, the ability to produce biofilm, the susceptibility to some antiseptics, and the survival time on cotton fabrics. Most of the isolates were resistant to carbapenem (72.3%), produced biofilm (83%), and survived more than 7 (51%) days on fabrics. A significant association between decreased susceptibility to antiseptics containing chlorhexidine or triclosan and carbapenem resistance and survival on fabrics could be observed. The resistance to carbapenem was significantly associated with survival on fabric, but not with the ability to form biofilm. The survival of the isolates on fabric was not associated with the ability to produce biofilms. Characteristics, such as resistance to antibiotics, ability to form biofilm, and survival on dry surfaces, probably contribute to the proliferation of this organism when selected in the hospital environment and can partly explain its success as responsible for nosocomial infection.
APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING, GIS AND DIGITAL SHORELINE ANALYSIS SYSTEM (DSAS) TO ASSESS THE CHANGES OF THE RED RIVER BANK IN THE AREA FROM SON TAY TO GIA LAM (HANOI)
Authors: Nhan Nguyen Thị , Tung Nguyen Xuan , Anh Bui Thi Bao , Thanh Nguyen Xuan
Published: November 2018

In recent years, some geological hazards relating to the change of channel such as accretion, erosion and landslide of river bank on the Red River bank have occurred more frequently. In this paper, the trend and rate of the change of the Red River bank in the area from Son Tay to Gia Lam (Hanoi) were shown by using remote sensing images of the period 2007–2016, geographic information system (GIS) and Digital shoreline analysis system. The results indicate that bank erosion mainly occurred along the both sides of the Red River bank with the average erosion rate ranging from 1.5 m/yr to 3m/yr. The strongest erosion was along the left river bank in Me Linh commune, Dong Anh district. In Son Tay commune, Phuc Tho district, Vinh Phuc province, some signals of erosion process were also recorded. The accretion process had been occurring in the middle part of the river slowly with the accretion rate of 0.8–1.4 m/yr. In the result, accretion zones were formed and they were aggregated into alluvial flats. In the future, the Red river bank will continue to be changed, erosion and landslide of the channel would be considered as the major hazards in this area.
ABOUT THE METHANE FLUX INTO THE ATMOSPHERE IN THE BIEN DONG (SOUTH CHINA) SEA
Authors: B. Shakirov R. , Lan Nguyen Hong , Mariya Shakirova
Published: November 2018

The methane is an active "greenhouse" gas and is a more potent greenhouse gas than CO2, there is over 200 times more CO2 in the atmosphere. Its concentration in the atmosphere is increasing; the mapping of its emission zones in the oil and gas aquifers is one of the important tasks of modern oceanography. In the South China Sea (East Sea, Bien Dong), its basins develops in complex geodynamic conditions, and the water column is characterized by considerable variability of hydrodynamic parameters. The data are obtained for the first time in this research.
СIRCULATING SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULINA IN SEPTIC DISORDERS
Authors: Mal'tseva N. V. , Laputenko Т. A. , Arkhipova S. V. , Smirnova A. Sc. , Lykova O. F. , Gorbatovskiy Ya. A. , Meshcheryakova O. A.
Published: November 2018

Insufficiency of local immunity can play an important role in pathogenesis of sepsis, including septic (acute) infectious endocarditis (IE). The paper presents data on secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) contents in blood serum of patients with sepsis (26 women and 32 men), acute (11 women and 23 men) and subacute (7 women and 13 men) IE, depending on localization of the infection site (angiogenic or non-angiogenic), outcome of the disease and carriage of glutathione-S-transferase P1 gene variants (GSTP1Ile105Val). A control group consisted of 25 women and 24 men without hypertension and ischemic heart disease and lacking evidence of focal and systemic infection, was examined. Laboratory studies were performed with еnzyme immunoassay and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. We have found that, despite large individual variability of serum sIgA concentration in sepsis and infectious endocarditis, the majority of patients had a significant (on average, 4-fold) IgA increase against controls, in both men and women, especially in acute IE (a mean of 5-fold over control values). Subacute infectious endocarditis is associated with lesser sIgA in circulation than acute IE and sepsis, which may be used for early differential diagnosis of these conditions. There were no gender differences in sIgA contents. In sepsis with non-angiogenic source of infection, the sIgA levels were higher than in angiogenic infection. There was no association of sIgA level with survival (mortality), which excludes this index from predictive markers in sepsis and IE. Carriage of heterozygous GSTP1Ile105Val genotype increases the risk of sepsis and IE development, regardless of clinical course, and homozygous genotype GSTP1Ile105Ile is associated with higher contents of circulating immunoglobulin than in carriers of GSTP1Val105Val genotype. Thus, a wide range of individual variability in of circulating sIgA levels in patients with sepsis and infective endocarditis may be connected with location of infection source and genetic factors.
METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES OF DETERMINING CONCENTRATIONS OF SOME CYTOKINES IN PERIPHERAL MBLOOD FROM HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Arsentieva N. A. , Totolian Areg A.
Published: November 2018

Cytokines are the most important factors in pathogenesis of infectious, allergic, autoimmune, lymphoproliferative diseases and immunopathological processes. Many cytokines are very useful therapeutic targets for immunodiagnostics of different human diseases. Measurement of the cytokine levels by immunochemical methods in various biological fluids is usually used for diagnostic evaluation. Content analysis of research articles from two Russian immunological journals, “Meditsinskaya Immunologiya” = “Medical Immunology (Russia)” and “Infektsiya i immunitet” = “Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity,”, shows that ELISA, xMAP multiplex immunoassay, and CBA technologies are the most common methods used in clinical and immunological studies aimed for determination of cytokine contents in blood serum/plasma. Normal ranges of some plasma/serum cytokines in healthy individuals were subject to wide variations when using different methods and specific reagents from various manufacturers. The normal ranges applied by the CBA-technology, are significantly higher than appropriate values obtained by ELISA or xMAP-technologies. Most studies included a small control group, usually limited by 15-20 persons. In most of these works, blood serum samples were used for assays, whereas EDTA-conserved plasma was taken only in few studies. It has been concluded that the results of cytokine measurements in blood serum/plasma in healthy individuals vary in wide ranges, and depend on many factors, e.g., initial sampling material, mode of technology, type of test systems, and characteristics of the group under study: number of patients, age, gender, geographical factor, etc. The mentioned data demonstrate a need for large-scale multicenter clinical studies, in order to standardize measurements of the cytokine levels in human peripheral blood and to specify their normal values.
Two mutually complementary synthetic approaches towards 3-substituted 3,4-disubstituted and 1-(2-pyridyl)-substituted isoquinolines
Authors: Nikonov I. L. , Kopchuk D. S. , Khasanov A. F. , Krinochkin A. P. , Starnovskaya E. S. , Shtaiz Ya. K. , Savchuk M. I. , Tanya O. S. , Zyryanov G. V. , Rusinov V. L. , Chupakhin O. N.
Published: November 2018

Two mutually complementary synthetic approaches towards 3- and 3,4-disubstituted 1-(2-pyridyl) isoquinolines were studied. The aryne-based method was successfully used for the obtaining of the corresponding the 3-cyano-1-(2-pyridyl)isoquinolines in one step/pot reaction, while it is unacceptable for the obtaining of other 1-(2-pyridyl)isoquinolines. The enamine-based approach was successfully applied for the synthesis of other 1-(2-pyridyl)isoquinolines, while it was  unacceptable for the obtaining of  3-cyano-1-(2-pyridyl)isoquinolines.
Action specificity of chemical treatment and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in wheat seed on the crop initial growth
Authors: Ludwig Rodrigo Luiz , Martin Thomas Newton , Stecca Jessica Deolinda Leivas , Cunha Vinícius dos Santos , Nunes Ubirajara Russi , Grando Luiz Fernando Teleken
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT The agronomic efficiency of the nitrogen-fixing inoculants or growth promoters depends on the growing conditions of the crops. One of the factors that may influence this response is the interaction between the bacteria present in the inoculant with the chemical treatment applied to the seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of inoculation of wheat seeds with Azospirillum brasilense and its interaction with seed treatment on germination, vigor and initial growth of wheat plants of four cultivars. So, an experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS. The experimental design was a completely randomized in a three-factorial (4x4x2), represented by the combinations between cultivar (FUNDACEP Bravo, OR/TBIO Quartzo, TBIO Itaipu e BRS 331), chemical treatment (1: Insecticide + Fungicide; 2: Insecticide; 3:Fungicide; 4: Witness without treatment) and Azospirillum brasilense inoculation (with and without inoculant). The determinations which were carried out were the following: emergence in beds, first germination test counting (vigor), germination, seedling length (root, aerial part and total), dry mass (root and aerial part). The responses to inoculants with Azospirillum brasilense are closely related to the cultivars used in the study. The treatment of seeds with fungicide and insecticide presented a phytotoxic effect, damaging the initial growth of the seedlings.
Arquitetura da copa do cafeeiro arábica conduzido com diferentes números de ramos ortotrópicos
Authors: Colodetti Tafarel Victor , Tomaz Marcelo Antonio , Rodrigues Wagner Nunes , Verdin Filho Abraão Carlos , Cavatte Paulo Cezar , Reis Edvaldo Fialho dos
Published: November 2018

RESUMO O estudo do comportamento do cafeeiro arábica conduzido com mais de um ramo ortotrópico surge como fonte de alternativas de melhoria da arquitetura da copa e da produção da lavoura cafeeira. Por isso, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, analisar a arquitetura da copa do cafeeiro arábica conduzido com diferentes números de ramos ortotrópicos por planta. Um experimento foi realizado em campo, no município de Santa Teresa, ES, em altitude de 740 m, topografia ondulado-acidentada, com precipitação e temperatura média anual de 1.282 mm e 21,1 ºC, respectivamente. O espaçamento foi de 2,5 x 1,0 m e o cultivar foi o Catuaí Vermelho IAC44. Em novembro de 2012, aos oito anos de idade, a lavoura foi recepada e as brotações que surgiram foram conduzidas para promover o estabelecimento de três tratamentos referentes ao número de ramos ortotrópicos: um, dois ou três ramos por planta. O experimento seguiu delineamento em blocos casualizados, com oito blocos e os três tratamentos. Plantas de cafeeiro arábica com dois ou três ramos ortotrópicos não se diferiram e apresentaram maior área e volume de copa, densidade de enfolhamento e área foliar dos ramos plagiotrópicos. A condução do cafeeiro arábica com dois ramos ortotrópicos por planta proporcionou maior produção de café beneficiado por hectare, bem como maior proporção de grãos graúdos (grãos maiores e com massa mais homogênea).
Resposta da soja ao gesso agrícola em plantio direto no Paraguai
Authors: Fois Diego Augusto Fatecha , Lana Maria do Carmo , Alvarez Jimmy Walter Rasche , Frandoloso Jucenei , Vera Laura Raquel Quiñonez , Tiecher Tales
Published: November 2018

RESUMO A aplicação de gesso em áreas sob plantio direto pode influenciar as características químicas do perfil do solo e aumentar produtividade de soja. Esse trabalho foi realizado com objetivo de avaliar efeito da gessagem na produtividade da soja num Argissolo e Latossolo no Paraguai. O experimento foi realizado nos municípios de Minga Porá e Itakyry, usando delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com seis doses de gesso agrícola (0, 100, 200, 400, 800 e 1600 kg ha‒1) e cinco repetições. Aplicou-se gesso em superfície em setembro de 2014 e foram avaliadas duas safras de soja (2014/2015 e 2015/2016). Para cada safra foram coletadas amostras de tecido foliar e grãos para determinação dos teores de P, K, Ca, Mg e S. Foi avaliada a massa de mil grãos, número de vagens por planta, número de sementes por planta, número de grãos por vagens e rendimento de grãos. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em ambos locais das camadas de 0‒10, 10‒20 e 20‒40 cm, para determinação de teores de S, K, Ca e Mg disponíveis, saturação por bases e saturação por Al. Os componentes de rendimento e a produtividade da soja não foram influenciados pela aplicação de gesso. Os teores de Ca, Mg, S, P e K no grão e também no tecido foliar da soja não foram afetados pela aplicação das doses de gesso em nenhum local e ano agrícola avaliado. Não houve relação entre a produtividade da soja em todos os cultivos avaliados com o teor de S e K disponível, Ca e Mg trocável, saturação por bases e saturação por alumínio no solo da camada 0‒10, 10‒20 e 20‒40 cm.
O investimento público influencia na reeleição? Um estudo empírico nos municípios do estado do Espírito Santo
Authors: Dias Bruno Pires , Nossa Valcemiro , Monte-Mor Danilo Soares
Published: November 2018

Resumo A literatura econômica tem debatido os efeitos dos gastos públicos sobre as chances de recondução dos governantes, apontando que os eleitores tendem a avaliar com um maior peso a performance dos políticos tendo por base seu desempenho no período pré-eleitoral (miopia política). Nesse contexto, este trabalho investiga a influência dos investimentos públicos sobre a recondução dos prefeitos dos municípios do estado do Espírito Santo, entre 2001 e 2012. Por meio da metodologia de regressão logística, os resultados sugerem que os eleitores capixabas, de modo geral, premiam os prefeitos que promovem incrementos relativos de investimentos públicos no período próximo às eleições, o que se mostra consistente com a literatura mais recente de ciclos políticos e de comportamento eleitoral, embora não tenha havido a comprovação empírica de que os eleitores sejam conservadores sob a ótica fiscal.
Estado, formação de gestores e a pós-graduação em administração brasileira: o caso do PNTE
Authors: Barros Amon , Carneiro Adéle de Toledo
Published: November 2018

Resumo Este trabalho objetiva compreender como o governo brasileiro articulou o Programa Nacional de Treinamento de Executivos (PNTE) no Brasil na década de 1970. O texto discute a importância do PNTE como esforço governamental para disseminação de programas de pós-graduação em administração no país. Além da pós-graduação, o programa teve importante papel na disseminação do management no Brasil. O foco no caso da FGV EAESP se justifica por ela ter sido apontada pelo governo federal brasileiro como escola líder do programa, tendo participado de seu delineamento e coordenado sua implantação. Os dados foram produzidos por meio da análise documental e da técnica de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Priorizou-se uma reflexão sobre o uso de documentos e da memória para a pesquisa histórica em administração e, consequentemente, para registrar a influência do convênio do PNTE na escola, entre os anos de 1972 a 1976. Por fim, inseriram-se nessa discussão as dificuldades ocasionadas pelas reformulações promovidas pelo programa na estrutura e nos cursos da FGV EAESP, além de relacioná-las com o contexto histórico brasileiro da época.
A contribuição da design research para a resolução de problemas complexos na administração pública
Authors: Santos Grazielli Faria Zimmer , Koerich Graziele Ventura , Alperstedt Graziela Dias
Published: November 2018

Resumo Neste ensaio teórico investigamos como a design research pode auxiliar na resolução de problemas complexos do campo da administração pública, especialmente quando aliada a um posicionamento construtivista por parte do pesquisador. Para isso, primeiramente destacamos os principais aspectos da design science. Posteriormente, apresentamos o método da design research, tendo como foco o detalhamento de suas etapas e dos resultados gerados, bem como os diferentes paradigmas de pesquisa que podem conduzir sua aplicação. À luz dos pontos mencionados, analisamos, por fim, a contribuição da design research ante os problemas complexos da administração pública. Nas conclusões, discutimos a relevância da design research, como método prescritivo, para o campo da administração pública, dado o contexto em que o país vive, em termos de problemas públicos.
O uso do poder público de compra em políticas industriais: uma comparação entre Brasil e Japão
Authors: Sorte Junior Waldemiro Francisco
Published: November 2018

Resumo Este artigo examina a iniciativa implementada a partir de 2010 pelo governo brasileiro de concessão de margens de preferência em licitações para empresas que manufaturam seus produtos no Brasil ou realizam atividades de P&D em território nacional. Discute-se também como o governo japonês, antes de seu ingresso na OMC em 1995, utilizou-se de processos licitatórios como forma de promover o crescimento de empresas locais. O presente estudo argumenta que, enquanto a abordagem japonesa adotada antes de 1995 foi eficiente em criar parcerias entre o governo e firmas nacionais focadas no alcance de objetivos de políticas industriais em setores de impacto na economia, a política recentemente adotada pelo governo brasileiro apresenta a vantagem de possuir procedimentos mais transparentes e isonômicos.
CARGA DE TRABALHO DE ENFERMAGEM E A MORTALIDADE DOS PACIENTES EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Nassiff Aline , Araújo Thamiris Ricci de , Menegueti Mayra Gonçalves , Bellissimo-Rodrigues Fernando , Basile-Filho Anibal , Laus Ana Maria
Published: November 2018

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar se a carga de trabalho de enfermagem é em preditor de mortalidade em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Método: estudo documental, retrospectivo, corte transversal, desenvolvido na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital universitário terciário. Utilizou-se a curva Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve composta pelo Nursing Activities Score e índice de gravidade APACHE e regressão logística para análise da predição de mortalidade. Resultados: compuseram a amostra 324 pacientes, sendo 214 (66%) sobreviventes. A média Nursing Activities Score das primeiras 24 horas de internação foi de 79,3 pontos, variando de 34,8 a 134,2 pontos e o APACHE II mediano foi 24,5 (2-42). Na análise da curva Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve o Nursing Activities Score evidenciou uma área sobre a curva de 0,626; IC 0,570 a 0,678 e o APACHE II de 0,721 com intervalo de confiança IC 95% de 0,669 a 0,769. Conclusão: a carga de trabalho de enfermagem não foi um preditor de mortalidade em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, pois os pacientes que demandam a maior carga de trabalho de enfermagem não necessariamente são aqueles que evoluem para óbito.
MALDI-TOF MS as a tool for the identification of Vibrio alginolyticus from Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Bronzato Greiciane F. , Oliva Marcelo S. , Alvin Marisol G. , Pribul Bruno R. , Rodrigues Dália P. , Coelho Shana M.O. , Coelho Irene S. , Souza Miliane M.S.
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT: Vibrio species are ubiquitous in aquatic environments, including coastal and marine habitats. Vibrio alginolyticus is an opportunistic pathogen for fish, crustaceans and mussels and their identification by biochemical tests may be impaired due their nutritional requirements. The study used Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to identify 49 Vibrio spp. isolates associated with mussels (Perna perna) from different locations along the Rio de Janeiro coast. The rpoA gene was used as a genus-specific marker of Vibrio spp. and was positive in all 209 isolates. MALDI-TOF MS confirmed 87.8% of V. alginolyticus when compared to the results of the biochemical tests. Four isolates were identified as Shewanella putrefaciens (8.16%) and one was identified as V. parahaemolyticus (2.0%). Just one isolate was not identified by this technique (2.0%). The pyrH sequencing confirmed 75% of the proteomic technique results. MALDI-TOF MS is an excellent option for characterization of bacterial species, as it is efficient, fast and easy to apply. In addition, our study confirms its high specificity and sensitivity in these marine bacteria identification.
Antigenic and immunogenic properties of the canine distemper virus nucleocapsid protein expressed in Escherichia coli employing codon optimized synthetic gene
Authors: Fernandes Maureen H.V. , Finger Paula F. , Cunha Rodrigo C. , Vargas Gilberto D’Avila , Fischer Geferson , Lima Marcelo de , Hübner Silvia O.
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT: Despite common occurrence and importance of canine distemper disease the majority of tests currently available for diagnosis are hampered by either low sensitivity or specificity. In this study it was evaluated antigenic and immunogenic characteristics of a conserved region of nucleocapsid protein of canine distemper virus (rCDV NP) expressed in Escherichia coli employing a codon optimized synthetic gene. The expression of rCDVNP in Star strain (mean 300μg/mL, purified) was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis by using His-Tag monoclonal antibodies. Western blot and ELISA, employing positive and negative control dog sera, demonstrated the rCDVNP antigenicity. The rCDVNP was inoculated in hens and immunoglobulin Y (IgY) was purified from the egg yolk. The mean yield of IgY was 28.55mg/mL. IgY reacted with the recombinant protein as demonstrated by Western blot and ELISA assays. In summary, our findings demonstrated that rCDVNP is antigenic since CDV positive dog sera recognized the protein in vitro. Additionally, the rCDVNP proved to be immunogenic in hens being possible to isolate a high concentration of specific IgY antibodies from the egg yolk. Taken together, these results indicate that the rCDVNP along with the specific IgY could be useful tools for development of the canine distemper immunodiagnostic assays.
Esteatose hepática altera acúmulo celular em tilápias do Nilo durante aerocistite infecciosa
Authors: Moraes Alessandra C. , Prado Ed J.R. , Foz Elizabeth P. , Barbuio Roberto , Faria Vanessa P. , Belo Marco A.A.
Published: November 2018

RESUMO: O presente estudo avaliou a hepatotoxicidade induzida pelo CCl4 durante o efeito glicocorticoide da dexametasona (DEX) na fisiopatologia da reação inflamatória aguda em tilápias do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus, correlacionando a funcionalidade hepática à cinética de acúmulo celular em aerocistite infecciosa. Para tal, utilizou-se 84 tilápias do Nilo distribuídas em 4 tratamentos: controle, CCl4, DEX e CCl4+DEX. Sendo amostrados 7 animais por tratamento em três períodos, isto é: seis, 24 e 48h após indução de inflamação. Utilizou-se CCl4 em dose única de 0,5mL/kg, via intraperitoneal para causar o transtorno hepático. Para indução da aerocistite utilizou-se inóculo de Aeromonas hydrophila. A dexametasona foi administrada via intramuscular na dose de 2 mg/kg de peso vivo. Os resultados revelaram que quanto maior foi à atividade sérica de aspartato aminotransferase (AST) maior foi a alteração somática do fígado, sendo estes achados inversamente proporcionais ao acúmulo celular no foco inflamatório, demonstrando menor número de células inflamatórias nos animais acometidos com maior grau de distúrbios hepáticos induzidos pelo CCl4. O estudo histopatológico revelou alterações degenerativas transitórias na fase mais aguda, pois os fígados das tilápias revelaram o acúmulo lipídeos nos hepatócitos 6h após administração de CCl4, sendo esta degeneração gordurosa não mais observada nos tempos de 24 e 48h. Contudo, a administração de CCl4 em tilápias do Nilo resultou em degeneração hepática aguda e transitória, caracterizada pelo acúmulo de gordura nos hepatócitos, aumento de AST no sangue e hepatomegalia. Com a disfunção hepática houve comprometimento do recrutamento celular em aerocistite infecciosa, indicando que há participação do fígado na resposta imune inata em peixes.
Nitrate and nitrite poisoning in sheep and goats caused by ingestion of Portulaca oleracea
Authors: Simões João G. , Medeiros Rosane Maria T. , Medeiros Márcia A. , Olinda Robério G. , Dantas Antônio Flávio M. , Riet-Correa Franklin
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT: Three outbreaks of poisoning by Portulaca oleracea were reported in sheep and goats in Northeast Brazil. In the first outbreak, 8 out of 20 sheep were affected and later died. In the second outbreak, three goats and one sheep died out of a flock of 30 animals that included both species. In the third outbreak, two out of 19 sheep were affected, and they recovered after a treatment of 2% methylene blue at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight. In the first and second outbreaks, the animals ingested P. oleracea after it was cut and offered in feeders. In the third outbreak, the flock was grazing in an area that had been invaded by the plant. To determine the toxicity, P. oleracea was administered experimentally at a dose of 80g/kg of body weight to seven sheep, weighing 19-30 kg. One control sheep received green grass. One to four hours after P. oleracea ingestion, the animals showed clinical signs of poisoning characterized by cyanotic mucous membranes, bloat, ruminal pH of 8-9, pollakiuria, aerophagia, involuntary movements of the upper lip, apathy, tachypnea and tachycardia. Five animals recovered, including one that was treated with 1% methylene blue, and two animals died. During necropsy, the mucous membranes were brownish, and the blood was dark brown. Diphenylamine tests of the plant and of rumen contents were positive for nitrates. Positive results for nitrates were also found in 24 samples of P. oleracea that were collected in different places in the states of Pernambuco and Paraíba. We conclude that P. oleracea accumulates nitrates at toxic levels and may cause poisoning in sheep and goats.
Induction of resistance to Colletotrichum truncatum in lima bean
Authors: Gomes Rommel dos Santos Siqueira , Nascimento Luciana Cordeiro do
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT: Anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum) is one of the major diseases of the lima bean culture, found in production fields, causing decrease in productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of abiotic and biotic inducers applied in lima bean plants to reduce anthracnose severity. Lima bean accessions were used and treated with: the abiotic inducers calcium silicate (Agrosilício Plus) and silicate clay (Rocksil), using the 3 g dose.L-1; the biotic inducer citric biomass extract (Ecolife), at the dose of 3 mL.L-1; and distilled water as control. To evaluate the resistance induction, the results of severity and degree of resistance of fava bean at 7, 11, 15, 19 and 23 days after inoculation were considered according to the scale of grades and classes of reactions. The design was a randomized block in a factorial arrangement 4 × 15 (treatments × hits) with four blocks. Resistance inducers Agrosilicon Plus, Ecolife and Rocksil have potential to be used in the management of anthracnose in fava bean. The studied accesses showed degree of resistance, being able to be explored in relation to obtaining anthracnose resistant cultivars in future breeding programs of this crop.
Reaction of wheat plants and alternative hosts to Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Durante Lucas Gustavo Yock , Bacchi Lilian Maria Arruda , Souza Jessica Evangelista de , Graichen Felipe André Sganseria
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT: Blast disease, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, has a major impact on wheat farming. The study of plant responses to pathogens has improved the management of this disease. Moreover, it is important to identify potential host plants in the crops’ vicinity and to understand reactions caused by plant-pathogen interactions. The objective of this study was to assess the histopathology of wheat plants, Digitaria insularis and Digitaria sanguinalis inoculated with M. oryzae isolates obtained either rice or wheat plants. Thirty-three days after sowing, greenhouse-grown plants of all three species were inoculated with each M. oryzae isolate. The observed effects (48 hours after inoculation) differed depending on the particular interaction between each pathogen isolate-plant species pair. For instance, wheat and D. sanguinalis had the weakest defensive response against spore germination, production of melanized appressoria, and appressorial penetration, with average values above 87, 90, and 43%, respectively, for these events in these plants. Furthermore, germination and appressoria melanization were more aggressive in the rice isolate than in the wheat isolate. Additionally, evidence for a defensive response (such as cell death) was observed in wheat plants inoculated with rice isolates. However, such a response was absent in plants inoculated using wheat isolates, presumably because pathogen recognition failed.
Evaluation of patient safety culture: comparative study in university hospitals
Authors: Fassarella Cintia Silva , Camerini Flávia Giron , Henrique Danielle de Mendonça , Almeida Luana Ferreira de , Figueiredo Maria do Céu Barbieri
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To conduct a benchmarking comparison of the composites of patient safety culture based on the evaluation of Brazilian and Portuguese nurses working in university hospitals. Method: Quantitative, cross-sectional, comparative survey. Data collected between April and December 2014, in two teaching hospitals, applying the instrument Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, in the versions translated and adapted to the countries. Results: 762 nurses distributed in four services participated in the study, 195 Brazilians and 567 Portuguese. Seven of the 12 composites of safety culture showed significant differences between hospitals. The highlights were those related to: “management support for patient safety” (±17); “handoffs and transitions” (±15); “teamwork across units” (±14); and “overall perceptions of patient safety” (±10). Conclusion: The dimension that had the highest significant difference between the studied institutions was “management support for patient safety”. These data may support the managers of the study hospitals, enabling continuous improvements and advancements.
Real-Time Q-PCR Protocol for chicken sex identification. v1
Authors: He Liyan , Martins Priscila , Huguenin Joris , Van Thi-Nhu-Ngoc , Manso Taciana , Galindo Therese , Catherinot Lise , Molina Franck , Espeut Julien
Published: November 2018

This is a Real-Time quantitative PCR based chicken gender determination protocol to identify the sex of fertilized egg at the early chicken embryo states. It is based on the differences between sexual chromosomes: ZZ for males and ZW for females. Two pairs of primers have been developped to give a robust differential signal between males and females: Xho-I and DMRT. This protocol has been designed to sex chicken embryos in an invasive manner by openning the eggs.
The Midlife Crisis of the Network Society
Authors: Usher Nikki , Carlson Matt
Published: November 2018

The network society is moving into some sort of middle age, or has at least normalized into the daily set of expectations people have for how they live their lives, not to mention consume news and information. In their adolescence, the technological and temporal affordances that have come with these new digital technologies were supposed to make the world better, or least they could have. There was much we did not foresee, such as the way that this brave new world would turn journalism into distributed content, not only taking away news organizations’ gatekeeping power but also their business model. This is indeed a midlife crisis. The present moment provides a vantage point for stocktaking and the mix of awe, nostalgia, and ruefulness that comes with maturity.
Measurement and correlation of fatigue and sleep quality in Parkinson’s disease: a cross sectional study
Authors: Gomes Wildja de Lima , Silva Laize Gabriele Castro , Silva Neildja Maria da , Costa Robison Carlos Silva , Cacho Roberta de Oliveira , Lima Núbia Maria Freire Vieira , Cacho Ênio Walker Azevedo
Published: November 2018

Background: Fatigue corresponds to a non-motor symptom of high prevalence in Parkinson’s disease (PD) affecting about one thirdof patients with the disease. This symptom negatively affects daily activities, contributing to the deterioration of the quality of life ofthese subjects. Objectives: To estimate fatigue in PD and to correlate with demographic characteristics, sleep, disease stage, motorfunction and daily activities. Methods: The sample consisted of patients with PD. The following measuring instruments were used for thestudy:Hoehn and Yahr scale, Fatigue Rating Scale, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale. Results: Thisstudy highlights the high prevalence of fatigue in subjects with PD, and the screening and treatment of this symptom is extremelyrelevant in clinical practice. There were no significant correlations between fatigue and other variables analyzed. Conclusions: Mostparticipants reported fatigue as a relevant problem, so it is important the use of instruments for fatigue screening in clinical practiceand the need to develop therapies related to this symptom in the PD.
Comprensión espacial de vectores mediante recursos digitales interactivos = Spatial comprehension of vectors by means of interactive digital resources
Authors: Vergara Diego , Rubio Manuel Pablo , Lorenzo Miguel , Rodríguez Rocío
Published: November 2018

Dada la dificultad de visión espacial habitual en muchos de los estudiantes vinculados a titulaciones de carácter técnico, en este artículo se presenta un recurso digital interactivo que ayuda a reforzar la comprensión espacial de los vectores en el espacio (que suele ser una de las dificultades más comunes entre los alumnos de primer curso de cualquier ingeniería). Esta herramienta permite al alumnado obtener ayuda para visualizar y analizar en tiempo real los cambios que se producen al variar las coordenadas de un vector: (i) el módulo del vector, (ii) su vector unitario y (iii) los cosenos directores. Esta plataforma virtual interactiva (PVI) pretende solventar, por una parte, la visualización espacial de los cosenos directores de un vector situado en cualquier octante y, por otra parte, la interpretación espacial de la posición de un vector cualquiera. Mediante el uso de esta PVI, el alumno realizará además un autoaprendizaje de tipo productivo, lo que favorece el hábito de pensar, razonar y relacionar o explicar la información.

 Abstract

 Taking into account the common difficulties regarding spatial visualization appearing in students enrolled in technical studies, this paper presents an interactive digital resource that helps to enhance the spatial comprehension of vectors in 3D space (this one being one of the most common difficulty detected in first-year engineering students learning). This tool allows students obtaining assistance to visualize and to analyze in real time the changes produced in a vector when its coordinates are varied, namely: (i) vector modulus, (ii) the unitary vector, (iii) the director cosines. On one hand, the developed interactive virtual platform (IVP) tries to solve the spatial visualization of the director cosines of a vector placed at any octant and, on the other hand, the spatial interpretation of the position of a given vector. By using this IVP, students will perform a productive self-learning, enhancing the habit of the key habit of thinking, reasoning and relating or explaining information.
Formación a distancia en materia de ingeniería de soldadura: enfoque multidisciplinar mediante modelos 3D = E-learning in welding engineering: a multidisciplinary approach using 3D models.
Authors: Rodríguez Martín Manuel , Rodríguez Gonzálvez Pablo
Published: November 2018

Resumen

El presente trabajo describe una nueva metodología docente basada en las últimas investigaciones científicas orientadas a la reconstrucción tridimensional de soldaduras, las cuales permiten la generación de paquetes de trabajo dirigidos a la adquisición de competencias propias de actividades de laboratorio de soldadura sin necesidad de que exista un desplazamiento físico al mismo. Esta metodología, que puede ser catalogada dentro de las basadas en laboratorios virtuales (LVs), es de aplicación en programas semipresenciales, e-learning o también puede utilizarse como material de apoyo a los programas presenciales, principalmente en las titulaciones relacionadas con la ingeniería industrial, naval y aeronáutica, así como las ingenierías más relacionadas con la geomática y la informática. La distribución de los paquetes es de fácil implementación a través de plataformas virtuales de formación y el trabajo con los modelos puede realizarse con software libre o gratuito, sin necesidad de costes adicionales para las entidades de formación que los utilicen.

 Abstract

The present work describes a new teaching methodology based on the latest research oriented to the threedimensional reconstruction of welds that allows the generation of work packages aimed at the acquisition of competences specific to welding lab activities without the need for a physical same. This methodology, which can be cataloged within the methodologies based on virtual laboratories (LVs), is applicable in e-learning programs or can also be used as support material for face-to-face programs, mainly in the degree programs related to Industrial, naval and aeronautical engineering, as well as engineering related to geomatics and computer science. The distribution of the packages is easy to implement through virtual training platforms and the work with the models can be done with open or free software, without the need of additional costs for the training entities that use them.
Autoevaluación y evaluación por pares (iguales) como herramientas de aprendizaje y de evaluación de competencias en la asignatura de Bioestadística y Metodología Científica en Ciencias de la Salud del Grado de Enfermería de la Universidad de León = Self-assessment and peer evaluation (peers) as learning tools and skills assessment in the subject of Biostatistics and Scientific Methodology in Health Sciences of the Degree of Nursing at the University of León
Authors: Fernández Villa T , Molina A. J. , García L. , Dávila Batista V. , Gutiérrez Cosío S. , Martín V.
Published: November 2018

Resumen

La entrada en vigor del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) ha supuesto un gran cambio en la metodología docente y en los sistemas de evaluación, centrándose en el proceso de aprendizaje-enseñanza en la adquisición de competencias. La evaluación por competencias es un proceso de recogida de evidencias (a través de actividades de aprendizaje) y de formulación de valoraciones sobre la medida y la naturaleza del progreso del estudiante, según unos resultados de aprendizaje esperados. Esta metodología implica el diseño de instrumentos de evaluación que definan con rigor y claridad los indicadores de logro y dominio de las competencias evaluadas. Con ello se pretende incorporar la autoevaluación y la co-evaluación (evaluación por iguales) como herramientas continuas que guíen el aprendizaje y como herramientas para la valoración final del grado de adquisición de las competencias. Esto propiciará la participación activa del estudiante en su proceso de aprendizaje y evaluación y la mejora significativa de la comunicación de la evaluación por competencias al alumnado.

  Abstract

The entry into force of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) has led to a great change in teaching methodology and in evaluation systems, focusing on the learning-teaching process in the acquisition of competences. The competency assessment is a process of evidence collection (through learning activities) and formulation of assessments of the extent and nature of student progress, according to expected learning outcomes. This methodology involves the design of evaluation instruments that define with rigor and clarity the indicators of achievement and mastery of the competences evaluated. The intention of this is to incorporate the self-assessment and co-evaluation (peer evaluation) as continuous tools that guide learning and as tools for the final assessment of the degree of acquisition of skills. It will foster the active participation of the student in their learning and evaluation process and the significant improvement of the communication of the assessment by competencies to the students.
Bienestar espiritual de adultos mayores con enfermedades crónicas de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia
Authors: Hernández Betancur Ana Maria
Published: November 2018

Conocer las circunstancias que inducen al embarazo en la adolescencia en adolescentes gestantes que asistían a su control prenatal en el hospital Santa Mónica del municipio de Dosquebradas, Colombia.
Fortalezas y debilidades de cuidadores en conocimientos sobre cuidados básicos del adulto mayor
Authors: Muñoz Astudillo Maria Nelcy , González Pardo Martha Elena , Vélez Bedoya Héctor Fabio , Rivera Ramírez Yuliana , Agudelo García Eliana , Rios Idárraga Martha Luisa
Published: November 2018

Evaluar los conocimientos de cuidadores sobre cuidados básicos del anciano institucionalizado en 15 centros de bienestar del anciano (CBA) de carácter estatal, en los 14 municipios del departamento de Risaralda (Colombia).
Calidad de vida laboral en trabajadores de la Secretaria de Gobierno del Municipio de Dosquebradas (Colombia)
Authors: Barbosa Camacho Wilson Andres , Orrego Alvarez Juan Manuel , Torres Adriana Lucía , Betancur Villamil Carmen Luisa , Tirado Piedad Cristina
Published: November 2018

Evaluar los conocimientos de cuidadores sobre cuidados básicos del anciano institucionalizado en 15 centros de bienestar del anciano (CBA) de carácter estatal, en los 14 municipios del departamento de Risaralda (Colombia).
Aplicación del aprendizaje automático con árboles de decisión en el diagnóstico médico
Authors: Arias Montoya Reinel , Santa Chávez Jhon Jairo , Veloza Mora Juan De Jesús
Published: November 2018

Presentar la forma como la minería de datos es aplicable en la medicina como una técnica de clasificación que se puede utilizar para diagnosticar la existencia o no de enfermedades, con base la exploración sistemática de la información histórica disponible de casos previamente diagnosticados y documentados.
Validez de constructo y confiabilidad en Colombia del instrumento Soporte social en la enfermedad crónica
Authors: Barrera Ortiz Lucy , Campos de Aldana María Stella , Carreño Sonía Patricia , Carrillo Gloria Mabel
Published: November 2018

OBJETIVO Determinar la validez de constructo y la confiabilidad del instrumento Soporte Social en la Enfermedad Crónica en cuidadores familiares colombianos. Metodología Estudio de corte transversal que consistió en la aplicación del instrumento Soporte Social en la Enfermedad Crónica a 578 cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica no trasmisible en Colombia. La validez de constructo se determinó bajo la técnica de análisis factorial con rotaciones ortogonales y oblicuas y su confiabilidad a través de la consistencia interna por medio del Alfa de Cronbach. Resultados Los cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica eran en su mayoría de género femenino, menores de 59 años, que sabían leer y escribir, contaban con una pareja estable, no eran trabajadores ni empleados, profesaban la religión católica, pertenecían a estratos socioeconómicos bajos y tenían larga permanencia como cuidadores. Su acceso y conocimiento de la tecnología de información y comunicación era medio alto. El instrumento Soporte Social en la Enfermedad Crónica, mostró después de las rotaciones, una agregación insoluble de las preguntas 2 a la 11, 12 a la 20, 21 a la 26 y 27 a la 38. La consistencia interna, tanto para el total del instrumento como para cada una de sus sub-escalas fue mayor a 0,82. Conclusión El instrumento Soporte Social en la Enfermedad Crónica mostró la validez y confiabilidad requerida para medir el soporte social en la poblacion de cuidadores familiares cronicas de personas con enfermedad crónica no transmisible en Colombia.
Repensando la educación sexual en la relación entre juventud y política en Colombia
Authors: Muñoz Astudillo María Nelcy
Published: November 2018

Se refiexiona acerca de la forma en que la educación sexual se ha configurado como una categoría social que es objeto de discursos políticos y normativos. Se parte de la visión de la sexualidad juvenil como una construcción social subsumida en un contexto de poderes e intereses que favorecen el mantenimiento del orden hegemónico. Se toman elementos de pensadores críticos en torno a la condición juvenil actual y algunas herramientas de Michel Foucault y de la Teoría del Acontecimiento de Lazzarato, para interpelar el carácter político de la educación sexual institucionalizada. Se presenta un recuento del proceso de regularización a través de políticas mundiales y se abre espacio a nuevas formas de interpretar la educación sexual como un escenario factible de ser re-configurado a través de la “acción colectiva juvenil”, estrategia de participación política y social de las y s jóvenes en su propia constitución como sujetos de derechos sexuales y reproductivos.