bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a new conceptual digital collaborative supply chain model based on Industry 4.0 technologies: a conceptual framework
Authors: Hrouga Mustapha
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This study aims to propose and develop a new digital collaborative supply chain (CSC) model completely based on the emerging Industry 4.0 technologies. The digital model aims to support the main factors likely to affect CSC. This proposed model combines the most well-known digital tools such as blockchain technology, Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing (CC).

Design/methodology/approach

Motivated by its effective solution to enhance trust, traceability, transparency and minimize costs and risks, the combination of the most well-known digital tools such as blockchain technology, IoT and CC to develop a new digital CSC model is addressed in this research. This study first investigates and conducts a deep review analysis that explores how Industry 4.0 technologies can enable collaboration mechanisms. Second, based on an analysis of literature review, the main factors likely to affect CSC have been identified and analysed. Finally, the authors combine digital tools to support the identified factors to enhance transparency, traceability and trust by proposing a new digital CSC model. This proposed model will be used as a referential guide to encourage and motivate SC actors to collaborate in digital CSC.

Findings

This work provides many important contributions to theory and practice. First, role and impacts of the most well-known digital tools such as blockchain technology, IoT and CC for digitizing CSC have separately presented and developed. Second, the authors conceptualized a framework by developing a new digital CSC model. This conceptual digital model can be used as a referential guide for all SC actors in order to motivate them to collaborate in a modern, intelligent, secure and reliable SC. It can also support all factors affecting CSC.

Originality/value

The originality of this study is first investigating separately the roles and impacts of each digital tool on CSC performance. Second, the authors combine the most well-known digital tools such as blockchain technology, IoT and CC in order to develop an efficient, smart, modern and new digital CSC model. In this combination, CC is used as platform as a service enabling to link and connect the blockchain and IoT to support the main factors affecting CSC. Unlike to digital CSC model with only one digital tool, the proposed model is more realistic since depending on the information to be shared with other actors, the most appropriate tool will be automatically detected and used. This solution offers a large choice to SC actors for real time data and information sharing. In addition, the proposed model will largely enhance traceability, transparency and trust in CSC.
The effect of human resource strategy on green supply chain integration: the moderating role of information systems and mutual trust
Authors: Akhtar Faheem , Wang Qianwen , Huo Baofeng
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This study aims to explore the effect of human resource (HR) strategy (e.g. empowerment and teamwork) on green supply chain integration (e.g. green supplier and customer integration), which further leads to economic performance. Moreover, the authors examined the moderating effects of information systems and mutual trust on the relationship between HR strategy and green supply chain integration.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the empirical data from 213 Chinese manufacturing firms, this study uses structural equation modeling and hierarchical regressions to examine the conceptual model.

Findings

The study’s findings reveal that empowerment and teamwork positively enhance green supplier and customer integration. Green supplier and customer integration are positively related to economic performance. Moreover, information systems positively moderate the relationship between empowerment and green supplier integration but negatively moderate the relationship between teamwork and green supplier/customer integration. Mutual trust positively moderates the relationship between empowerment and green supplier integration and the relationship between teamwork and green customer integration.

Originality/value

This study extends the existing understanding regarding how to enhance green supply chain integration by adopting an appropriate HR strategy in the context of different levels of information systems and mutual trust.
Environment, social and governance (ESG) performance and CDS spreads: the role of country sustainability
Authors: Abdul Razak Lutfi , Ibrahim Mansor H. , Ng Adam
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Based on a sample of 1,872 firm-year observations for 573 global firms over the period 2013–2016, this study aims to provide empirical evidence on how environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance affects corporate creditworthiness as measured by credit default swap (CDS) spreads.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use a regression model that accounts for country, industry and time-fixed effects as well as the instrumental-based Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach to dynamic panel modeling.

Findings

This study finds that improvements in ESG performance, especially in its governance pillar, reduce credit risk. Further, the authors uncover evidence suggesting the complementarity between ESG performance and country-level sustainability. The results indicate a stronger risk-mitigating impact of ESG performance in countries with higher sustainability scores.

Practical implications

In terms of practical implications, the findings suggest that corporations should strengthen governance frameworks and procedures to reduce credit risk, prior to embarking on environmental and social objectives. Further, the finding that country sustainability is an important determinant of CDS spreads suggests that country-level sustainability initiatives would not only help to preserve natural capital and promote social capital but also be beneficial to businesses and financial stability.

Originality/value

The study adds to the literature on the effects of ESG performance on credit risk by (1) utilizing a measure of ESG performance that considers the financial materiality of ESG issues across different industries; (2) utilizing a market-based measure of credit risk and CDS spreads; (3) examining the relative importance of ESG components to credit risk, rather than just the aggregate measure; and (4) assessing the influence of country sustainability on the relationship between ESG and credit risk.
Seismic stratigraphy and structural evolution of the South Korea Plateau, East Sea (Sea of Japan)
Authors: Kim Kyoung‐Jin , Yoo Dong‐Geun , Yi Bo‐Yeon , Kang Nyeon‐Keon
Published: July 2023

The South Korea Plateau (SKP), a typical submarine plateau, preserves an important tectono‐sedimentary evolutionary record and represents a major frontier area for petroleum exploration in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). However, its tectonic mechanisms and their controls on sedimentary fill are underexplored. Here, we present the first integrated tectonostratigraphic framework of the SKP using reprocessed, two‐dimensional, seismic‐reflection profiles and borehole data. Four regional megasequence boundaries are interpreted, delineating four tectonostratigraphic packages: the syn‐rift (MS1), post‐rift phase 1 (MS2), post‐rift phase 2 (MS3) and syn‐compression (MS4) megasequences. We propose a four‐stage structural and sedimentary evolution model for the SKP based on the megasequences and structural development. Stage‐1 (latest Late Oligocene−Early Miocene): the SKP was rifted and extended through block faulting, resulting in the formation of rift basins dominated by fan‐delta and shallow‐lacustrine depositional systems. Stage‐2 (late Early Miocene−Middle Miocene): hemipelagic sedimentation prevailed with gravity‐controlled slope failures under a tectonically stable environment associated with slow thermal subsidence. Stage‐3 (late Middle Miocene−Late Miocene): continued thermal subsidence allowed the predominance of hemipelagic biogenic deposits accompanied by intermittent mass‐wasting‐induced turbidites and resulted in the development of a polygonal fault system. Stage‐4 (Early Pliocene−present): the SKP was influenced by E−W compression caused by an eastward movement of the Eurasian plate. Turbiditic and hemipelagic sedimentation was predominant with turbidity‐flow‐leveed channels derived from direct riverine input or through slope failures. Based on this tectonostratigraphic analysis, we reveal the variation in depositional systems and sand‐dispersal patterns for the SKP, highlighting potential targets for sandstone reservoirs: MS1, fan‐deltas and lacustrine‐fan turbidites; MS3, deepwater fan turbidites; and MS4, deepwater fan turbidites, channel‐levee complexes and turbidite frontal‐splay deposits. This study proposes a structural and sedimentary evolution model for the SKP that could enhance our understanding of reservoir potential for petroleum‐exploration in the future.
Tariff pass‐through: The case of china's WTO accession
Authors: Dai Mi
Published: July 2023

Recent studies on the China–US trade war surprisingly find complete tariff pass‐through into import prices for both China and the United States. This paper provides additional evidence of tariff pass‐through in China. Using firm‐level monthly trade transaction data, we estimate the tariff pass‐through for Chinese imports in the period of WTO accession during 2000–2006. Consistent with evidence during the trade war, tariff pass‐through is also complete for tariff reductions induced by the WTO accession. Structural estimates of export supply elasticity also imply complete tariff pass‐through. Additionally, we find the complete pass‐through result holds regardless of firm ownership types, product end‐use, or China's market share in world imports.
Inhibition of MiR‐106b‐5p mediated by exosomes mitigates acute kidney injury by modulating transmissible endoplasmic reticulum stress and M1 macrophage polarization
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhong Yanan , Yue Rui , Xie Juan , Zhang Yiyuan , Lin Yongtao , Li Hailun , Xu Yong , Zheng Donghui
Published: July 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI), mainly caused by Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), is a common and severe life‐threatening disease with high mortality. Accumulating evidence suggested a direct relationship between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and AKI progression. However, the role of the transmissible ER stress response, a new modulator of cell‐to‐cell communication, in influencing intercellular communication between renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and macrophages in the AKI microenvironment remains to be determined. To address this issue, we first demonstrate that TECs undergoing ER stress are able to transmit ER stress to macrophages via exosomes, promoting macrophage polarization towards the pro‐inflammatory M1 phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Besides, the miR‐106b‐5p/ATL3 signalling axis plays a pivotal role in the transmission of ER stress in the intercellular crosstalk between TECs and macrophages. We observed an apparent increase in the expression of miR‐106b‐5p in ER‐stressed TECs. Furthermore, we confirmed that ALT3 is a potential target protein of miR‐106b‐5p. Notably, the inhibition of miR‐106b‐5p expression in macrophages not only restores ATL3 protein level but also decreases transmissible ER stress and hinders M1 polarization, thus alleviating AKI progression. Additionally, our results suggest that the level of exosomal miR‐106b‐5p in urine is closely correlated with the severity of AKI patients. Taken together, our study sheds new light on the crucial role of transmissible ER stress in the treatment of AKI through the regulation of the miR‐106b‐5p/ATL3 axis, offering new ideas for treating AKI.
Mixed sex pheromone lures for combined captures of Agriotes and Limonius pest click beetles in North America
Authors: Lemke Emily , van Herk Willem G. , Singleton Kendal , Saguez Julien , Fowler Graeme , Pepper Doug , Furtado Kathleen , Gries Gerhard
Published: July 2023

Sex pheromone lures are effective tools for monitoring and potentially controlling populations of pest click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae). To date, these lures are genus‐specific (e.g., Limonius spp.) or species‐specific (e.g., Agriotes lineatus Linnaeus). However, if sympatric heterogeners were not to be repelled by each other's pheromones, trap lures effective for multiple elaterid genera could be developed, improving cost efficiency in elaterid pest management programs. In both western and eastern North America, several species of Agriotes spp. and Limonius spp. co‐occur and inflict similar crop damage. We investigated whether the sex pheromones of these species can be combined in a mixed lure without reducing its attractiveness to all target species. In western Canada, we show that the pheromones of A. lineatus (geranyl butanoate & geranyl octanoate) and Limonius spp. [(E)‐4‐ethyloct‐4‐enoic acid (limoniic acid)] can be combined without significantly reducing captures of male A. lineatus, L. canus (LeConte), L. californicus (Mannerheim) and L. infuscatus (Motschulsky) relative to traps baited with species‐specific lures for A. lineatus and Limonius spp.. Similarly, the pheromone of A. obscurus (Linnaeus) (geranyl hexanoate & geranyl octanoate) and limoniic acid can be combined without significantly reducing trap captures of male L. canus, L. infuscatus and L. californicus but reduced A. obscurus captures relative to traps baited only with the A. obscurus pheromone. In eastern Canada, combining pheromones for Agriotes mancus (Say) (geranyl butanoate & geranyl hexanoate) and limoniic acid reduced captures of A. mancus but not A. pubescens (Melsheimer) and A. sputator (Linnaeus). These data imply that pheromones of select elaterid heterogeners can be combined in a ‘catch‐more’ pheromone lure to effectively monitor for, or possibly control, multiple elaterid pests, but that such mixed lures should be evaluated for each species combination.
Climate factors affect forest biomass allocation by altering soil nutrient availability and leaf traits
Authors: Gong Hede , Song Wenchen , Wang Jiangfeng , Wang Xianxian , Ji Yuhui , Zhang Xinyu , Gao Jie
Published: July 2023

Biomass in forests sequesters substantial amounts of carbon; although the contribution of aboveground biomass has been extensively studied, the contribution of belowground biomass remains understudied. Investigating the forest biomass allocation is crucial for understanding the impacts of global change on carbon allocation and cycling. Moreover, the question of how climate factors affect biomass allocation in natural and planted forests remains unresolved. Here, we addressed this question by collecting data from 384 planted forests and 541 natural forests in China. We evaluated the direct and indirect effects of climate factors on the belowground biomass proportion (BGBP). The average BGBP was 31.09% in natural forests and was significantly higher (38.75%) in planted forests. Furthermore, we observed a significant decrease in BGBP with increasing temperature and precipitation. Climate factors, particularly those affecting soil factors, such as pH, strongly affected the BGBP in natural and planted forests. Based on our results, we propose that future studies should consider the effects of forest type (natural or planted) and soil factors on BGBP.
Revisiting Psyllocarpus intermedius (Rubiaceae, Spermacoceae): an updated description with a new synonym
Authors: Carmo João A. M. , Sobrado Sandra V. , Florentín Javier E. , Salas Roberto M. , Miguel Laila M.
Published: July 2023

Borreria catolensis, described based on specimens lacking mature fruits and seeds, is here treated as a new synonym of Psyllocarpus intermedius (Rubiaceae, Spermacoceae), an endemic species from the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. This new treatment is based on the examination of a newly found duplicate of a paratype which bears these missing structures, spawning a detailed micromorphological analysis of fruits, seeds, and pollen grains. We provide an updated description of P. intermedius, and further comment on its distribution, habitat, preliminary conservation status and taxonomy.
Decolonizing Migration Studies: A Du Boisian/Decolonial Perspective1
Authors: Itzigsohn José
Published: July 2023

This essay addresses my current thinking on the question of the decolonization of the sociology of migration. Coloniality in knowledge production means that knowledge systems are founded in the ways of seeing created by colonialism. To decolonize a field means to think beyond these ways of seeing. This essay first identifies the key ways through which coloniality is expressed in the sociology of migration and then it presents an alternative decolonial approach based on the sociology of W. E. B. Du Bois. I show how this approach may reshape the field by a critical examination of my own work.
Mandatory reporting: ‘A policy without reason’.
Authors: Keddell Emily
Published: July 2023

This viewpoint explores the recommendation to introduce mandatory reporting from the recent report into the case of Malachi Subecz, a child who was killed by his caregiver. I argue that this policy would have unintended consequences. It is likely to flood the system with low risk cases, which could make identification of high risk cases more difficult. It reduces a focus on prevention; intensifies resources and power within Oranga Tamariki; and does not take into account either the complexity of issues causing abuse and harm, nor their widespread nature. This policy is also likely to exacerbate inequities for Māori, as bias is more likely to impact low risk reports. Currently, people may not report due to a lack of clarity around the type and severity of cases they should report, and limited or inadequate responses to previous reports made, not because they are unable to recognise the signs of abuse or are unwilling to act on them. Instead, we should keep a strong focus on prevention and devolution, while also urgently generating a clear consensus between Oranga Tamariki and key reporters about when, why, how and what the outcomes of reporting should be. Alternative recommendations are suggested.
Best practices for justice: Practitioner views on understanding and helping youth living with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)
Authors: Gibbs Anita
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: International studies and New Zealand publications note that care groups, as well as youth and adult justice populations, have high rates of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and other neuro-disabilities, alongside mental health problems and adverse childhood experiences. This research explores justice practitioner views of helping young people living with FASD, especially when they come into contact with the youth justice system in Aotearoa New Zealand.
METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 11 practitioners that included social workers, disability advocates, police, legal professionals, and others working in the justice space with youth living with FASD. Stakeholders were asked what practices might help youth do well in the justice space, but also what changes need to happen in systems of health, care, justice or disability in order to ensure those living with FASD have wellbeing.
FINDINGS: Practitioners noted widespread ignorance about FASD, resulting in delays in getting appropriate supports for youth living with FASD. Practitioners spoke of the importance of early diagnosis leading to early intervention but how rare that was. Wellbeing of youth was vital but there were too many barriers to fair and equal participation for youth living with FASD in all aspects of society. All systems needed to understand FASD and provide specialist FASD services and supports.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Urgent training and practice guidance is required for all professionals working in the youth justice space. Practice needs to ensure disability rights are upheld to enable flourishing and participation by young people often on the margins of society.
Effectors of the Type VI Secretion System Have the Potential to Be Modified into Antimicrobial Peptides
Authors: Lu Wenjia , Lu Hao , Wang Chenchen , Wang Gaoyan , Dong Wenqi , Tan Chen
Published: July 2023

This study first identified and modified the T6SS effector into positively charged alpha-helical peptides. These peptides have good antibacterial and bactericidal effects on G+ bacteria and G− bacteria. This study broadens the source of AMPs and makes T6SS effectors more useful.
Ultrathin GeTe Crystal in a Strong Femtosecond Laser Field: Manifestation of a Quantum Size Effect
Authors: Aseyev S. A. , Mironov B. N. , Kochikov I. V. , Lotin A. A. , Ischenko A. A. , Ryabov E. A.
Published: July 2023

The behavior of a thin-film GeTe crystal induced by intense femtosecond laser pulses ($$\lambda = 0.8{\kern 1pt} $$ μm) has been studied using a pulsed electron diffractometer. The sample is an annealed 20-nm GeTe film on a copper grid with a carbon coating. It has been found that laser ablation results in the formation of an ultrathin GeTe crystal (assumingly, GeTe monolayer) with a high radiation resistance. Possible reasons for the detected nanosize effect are discussed.
Designing the Structure of a One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with a Given Spectrum of the Reflection Coefficient
Authors: Emeliantsev P. S. , Pyshkov N. I. , Svyakhovskiy S. E.
Published: July 2023

A method for solving the inverse problem of designing the structure of a one-dimensional photonic crystal is proposed and experimentally implemented. It is known that a one-dimensional photonic crystal with a spatial sinusoidal modulation of the refractive index, has a narrow photonic bandgap at a frequency related to the spatial frequency of this sinusoid. A reverse engineering method is proposed for one-dimensional photonic crystals with an arbitrary given reflection spectrum by expanding this spectrum into elementary photonic band gaps and then summing them. The application of this method to fabricate examples of photonic crystals with simple shapes of spectral reflection curves is demonstrated.
Needs assessment for introducing pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease management in a rural Indian setting: a qualitative study
Authors: Singh Diksha Naresh , Kaur Harshpreet , Roy Sudipto , Juvekar Sanjay , Pinnock Hilary , Agarwal Dhiraj
Published: July 2023

Background

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an effective strategy to improve breathlessness, health status and exercise tolerance and to reduce readmissions and mortality. In India, there is no government health programme for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management while in the private sector availability of PR is limited. Most PR centres are in urban areas, with few services accessible to rural populations. We aimed to assess the need for PR from the perspective of patients with COPD and healthcare professionals (HCPs: registered medical practitioners and medical officers) in rural Maharashtra.

Methodology

Between June and October 2020, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 patients with COPD and 9 HCPs to explore their perceptions of, and need for, PR in rural Maharashtra. Interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically.

Results

We approached 14 patients with COPD and 9 HCPs practising in rural areas. Five HCPs stated that they did not advise PR for patients with COPD citing poor compliance to PR referral and follow-up of the patients. Patients with COPD had symptoms and needs that could be helped by PR but commented how transportation would be a problem for them to visit a PR centre. In contrast, they could understand the benefits of PR and expressed their willingness to join such programmes. A PR service was established that addressed these needs.

Conclusion

Patients with COPD have unmet needs that could benefit from attending a PR programme, but there are barriers at both healthcare and patient levels that we addressed in a new PR service for people with chronic respiratory disease in rural Maharashtra.
Postoperative analgesia for Kasai portoenterostomy using external oblique intercostal blocks
Authors: Wilkinson-Maitland Nigel , Cunningham Aaron J , Esfahanian Mohammad
Published: July 2023

Background

External Oblique Intercostal (EOI) fascial plane blockade is a relatively new regional anesthetic technique used for a variety of upper abdominal surgical procedures. Proponents of this block praise its simple sonoanatomy, extensive local anesthetic (LA) spread, and ease of catheter placement, while avoiding encroachment into the surgical field or dressing sites; nevertheless, it is underutilized in pediatric surgery. Kasai portoenterostomy is a common pediatric surgical procedure for biliary atresia typically done via an open abdominal approach with an extended subcostal incision. Postoperative analgesic management with epidural anesthetic techniques are considered but may be limited by periprocedural coagulopathy concerns.

Case Presentation

We present a case of a neonate who underwent successful analgesic management of Kasai portoenterostomy with bilateral EOI block catheters. Opioid consumption and other postoperative outcomes were comparative to previously reported literature of epidural analgesia in this patient population.

Conclusions

The purpose of this report is to describe the outcomes and technical approach in a neonate who received EOI blocks as an alternative to epidural anesthetic management. Further studies are needed to compare the efficacy and complication rate of EOI blockade to epidural analgesia for Kasai portoenterostomy surgery.
Geometric properties of special orthogonal representations associated to exceptional Lie superalgebras
Authors: Meyer Philippe
Published: July 2023

From an octonion algebra [Formula: see text] over a field [Formula: see text] of characteristic not two or three, we show that the fundamental representation [Formula: see text] of the derivation algebra [Formula: see text] and the spinor representation [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] are special orthogonal representations. They have particular geometric properties coming from their similarities with binary cubics and we show that the covariants of these representations and their Mathews identities are related to the Fano plane and the affine space [Formula: see text]. This also permits to give constructions of exceptional Lie superalgebras.
Mechanical and thermodynamic behaviors of the second phases in Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloys
Authors: Fang Xuewei , Guo Jianye , Yang Yanmei , Zheng Qiaoling , Liu Bin , Yan Bo , Li Yefei
Published: July 2023

The mechanical and thermodynamic behaviors of intermetallics in Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloys are studied by first-principles calculations. All studied second phases have negative values of formation enthalpy and cohesive energy indicating their excellent thermodynamic stability. Al3Er_D0[Formula: see text] has the most significant metallic nature, while Mg2Si shows the least metallicity. TiAl3 shows the highest bulk, shear, and Young’s moduli. All Al3M polymorphs, Mg2Si and TiAl3 phases show covalent/metallic hybrid bonding. The mechanical anisotropic behaviors obey the trend of: MgZn[Formula: see text]Er_D0[Formula: see text]Sc_D0[Formula: see text]Sc_D0[Formula: see text]Er_D0[Formula: see text]Er_L1[Formula: see text]Sc_L1[Formula: see text]Si, where MgZn2 is the most mechanically anisotropic phase. The calculated room-temperature linear thermal expansion coefficient values for the studied phases are from [Formula: see text] K[Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] K[Formula: see text]; where Al3Er_L12 has the highest value ([Formula: see text] K[Formula: see text], followed by Al3Sc_L12 ([Formula: see text] K[Formula: see text]; both of which are close to that of the Al matrix, thus making the relatively lower thermal misfit.
Gain-Controllable Transadmittance-Mode First-Order Allpass Filters with Electronic Tune Using Single Active Element
Authors: Tanaphatsiri Chaiya , Khateb Fabian , Sotner Roman , Jaikla Winai
Published: July 2023

First-order allpass filters are analog filters with a unit magnitude response, but they change the phase shift between input and output signals at various frequencies. This paper presents the transadmittance-mode first-order allpass filters based on the modified current-controlled current differencing transconductance amplifier (M-CCCDTA). The proposed filters utilize a single M-CCCDTA and a grounded capacitor with no external resistors, making them well suited for implementation in an integrated circuit. The gain and phase response of the proposed filters can be adjusted electronically and separately. Also, the high output impedance of the proposed filters at both the input voltage node and the output current node makes cascading easy without the need for buffer devices. A quadrature sinusoidal oscillator based on the proposed first-order allpass filter has been designed as an example of an application. The PSpice simulation and actual experiments are utilized to validate the functionality of the proposed filters. The simulation and experimental results are consistent with the idea of anticipation.
Homological eigenvalues of graph p-Laplacians
Authors: Zhang Dong
Published: July 2023

Inspired by persistent homology in topological data analysis, we introduce the homological eigenvalues of the graph [Formula: see text]-Laplacian [Formula: see text], which allows us to analyze and classify non-variational eigenvalues. We show the stability of homological eigenvalues, and we prove that for any homological eigenvalue [Formula: see text], the function [Formula: see text] is locally increasing, while the function [Formula: see text] is locally decreasing. As a special class of homological eigenvalues, the min–max eigenvalues [Formula: see text] are locally Lipschitz continuous with respect to [Formula: see text]. We also establish the monotonicity of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with respect to [Formula: see text].

These results systematically establish a refined analysis of [Formula: see text]-eigenvalues for varying [Formula: see text], which lead to several applications, including: (1) settle an open problem by Amghibech on the monotonicity of some function involving eigenvalues of [Formula: see text]-Laplacian with respect to [Formula: see text]; (2) resolve a question asking whether the third eigenvalue of graph [Formula: see text]-Laplacian is of min–max form; (3) refine the higher-order Cheeger inequalities for graph [Formula: see text]-Laplacians by Tudisco and Hein, and extend the multi-way Cheeger inequality by Lee, Oveis Gharan and Trevisan to the [Formula: see text]-Laplacian case.

Furthermore, for the 1-Laplacian case, we characterize the homological eigenvalues and min–max eigenvalues from the perspective of topological combinatorics, where our idea is similar to the authors’ work on discrete Morse theory.
Canada Basin Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Arctic Ocean
Authors: Hutchinson Deborah R. , Houseknecht David W. , Mosher David C.
Published: July 2023

The Canada Basin (CB) formed during a short period of seafloor spreading inferred to be Early Cretaceous in age. Brookian strata of inferred Early Cretaceous–Holocene age comprise the sedimentary fill of the Canada Basin Tectono-Sedimentary Element (CB TSE). Although the CB has remained tectonically quiet since seafloor spreading ceased, both proximal and distal tectonism (Alpha Ridge magmatism, and the Cordilleran, Brooks Range and Eurekan orogenies) have influenced sediment source areas, dispersal paths and thicknesses in the basin. In the Neogene, the dominant source of sediments was the Mackenzie River, which drains northern portions of the Cordilleran orogen. The CB TSE is one of the most remote and challenging places on Earth to explore. Although regional seismic reflection and refraction data exist, there are no boreholes to constrain interpretations. Existing published estimates of hydrocarbon potential range from limited to moderate to significant.
Emergency shelters fleeing La Soufrière: a case study from the April 2021 volcanic eruption in St Vincent and the Grenadines
Authors: Ferdinand Idelia , Badenock Kathy
Published: July 2023

La Soufrière, St Vincent is the northernmost stratovolcano on mainland St Vincent. Over 25 000 residents were issued orders to evacuate their homes in the high-risk zones close to the La Soufrière Volcano in St Vincent and the Grenadines because of the imminent explosive volcanic eruption. The aim of this paper is to explore the experiences of residents who evacuated and sought shelter as a result of the 2021 eruption of La Soufrière Volcano. The researchers conducted surveys of affected residents of the red and orange zones (evacuees and non-evacuees) as well as shelter volunteers. The results indicate that residents are willing to evacuate if they are provided with information to guide their decision-making and if they feel that they have a suitable place to stay and that they are likely to receive support, especially food supplies. Despite their willingness to evacuate, people are generally concerned about the safety and security of their house, crops and livestock. In relation to future eruptions, people would be more prepared if they received more information, were evacuated earlier and took more supplies with them when they were evacuated.
Where Are the (Cellular) Data?
Authors: Amini Maryam , Stanica Razvan , Rosenberg Catherine
Published: July 2023

New generations of cellular networks are data oriented, targeting the integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence solutions. Data availability, required to train and compare machine learning based networking solutions, is therefore becoming an important topic and a significant concern. Operators do collect data, but they rarely share it because of privacy concerns. This article starts by reviewing the few publicly available cellular datasets, which created bursts of innovation with their release. The scarcity of such data is so acute that researchers are collecting network data using their own tools, developed in-house and covered in the second part of this survey.
Sequential Activations of ChREBP and SREBP1 Signals Regulate the High-Carbohydrate Diet-Induced Hepatic Lipid Deposition in Gibel Carp (Carassius gibelio)
Authors: Gong Yulong , Xi Longwei , Liu Yulong , Lu Qisheng , Zhang Zhimin , Liu Haokun , Jin Junyan , Yang Yunxia , Zhu Xiaoming , Xie Shouqi , Han Dong
Published: July 2023

The present study investigated the sequential regulation signals of high-carbohydrate diet (HCD)-induced hepatic lipid deposition in gibel carp (Carassius gibelio). Two isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, containing 25% (normal carbohydrate diet, NCD) and 45% (HCD) corn starch, were formulated to feed gibel carp (14.82 ± 0.04 g) for 8 weeks. The experimental fish were sampled at 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th week. In HCD group, the hyperlipidemia and significant hepatic lipid deposition (oil red O area and triglyceride content) was found at 4th, 6th, and 8th week, while the significant hyperglycemia was found at 2nd, 4th, and 8th week, compared to NCD group (

P
<
0.05

). HCD induced hepatic lipid deposition via increased hepatic lipogenesis (acc, fasn, and acly) but not decreased hepatic lipolysis (hsl and cpt1a). When compared with NCD group, HCD significantly elevated the hepatic sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1 (SREBP1) signals (positive hepatocytes and fluorescence intensity) at 4th, 6th, and 8th week (

P
<
0.05

). The hepatic SREBP1 signals increased from 2nd to 6th week, but decreased at 8th week due to substantiated insulin resistance (plasma insulin levels, plasma glucose levels, and P-AKTSer473 levels) in HCD group. Importantly, the hepatic carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) signals (positive hepatocytes, fluorescence intensity, and expression levels) were all significantly elevated by HCD-induced glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) accumulation at 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th week (

P
<
0.05

). Compared to 2nd and 4th week, the hepatic ChREBP signals and G6P contents was significantly increased by HCD at 6th and 8th week (

P
<
0.05

). The HCD-induced G6P accumulation was caused by the significantly increased expression of hepatic gck, pklr, and glut2 (

P
<
0.05

) but not 6pfk at 4th, 6th, and 8th week, compared to NCD group. These results suggested that the HCD-induced hepatic lipid deposition was mainly promoted by SREBP1 in earlier stage and by ChREBP in later stage for gibel carp. This study revealed the sequential regulation pathways of the conversion from feed carbohydrate to body lipid in fish.
Breast Cancer Metastatic Progression Requires mRNA Posttranscriptional Suppression
Authors: Amaya Ramirez Cinthia Claudia , Loayza-Puch Fabricio
Published: July 2023

Cancer cell survival is highly dependent on its metabolic reprogramming, which supports not only cell growth but also confers to the tumor cells characteristics to initiate migration and colonization. Among the different mechanisms that are involved, translational control plays a significant role in oncogenesis; however, its impact on cancer progression still remains poorly understood. A study by Navickas and colleagues revealed that the RNA-binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (HNRNPC) functions as a translational regulator, and its downregulation in highly metastatic cells leads to the lengthening of 3′ untranslated regions in HNRNPC-bound mRNAs, resulting in translational repression mediated by the AGO–miRNA RNA-induced silencing complex.
Effect of Skin Type on Efficacy of Laser Treatment for Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Chopra Divya , Balukoff Nathan , Motosko Catherine C
Published: July 2023

The use of low-light laser therapy to treat androgenetic alopecia is a promising modality to restore hair growth. However, the effect of skin color on response to laser therapy for hair growth has not been systematically explored in the literature. The objective of this study is to systematically assess through a comprehensive literature search of the MEDLINE database whether skin type data were collected in clinical trials and analyzed in each study and determine if we can estimate an effect. 10/22 studies have defined inclusion criteria as Fitzpatrick skin types I–IV. No studies mentioned effects on darker skin types, Fitzpatrick skin types V-VI. Only 5/10 studies had statistical data on efficacy depending on Fitzpatrick skin type, with four showing no effect and one showing a significant positive effect with darker skin types having faster rate of hair growth. There are not enough data to conclude whether skin type effects laser-induced hair growth in androgenic alopecia. The studies are severely lacking in sample size. One showed a potential effect. Importantly, there are no data on black or brown skin colors. Development of optimal laser irradiating wparameters through the prediction of personalized absorbance based on skin color measurement is needed.
The Utility of SUVmax as an Adaptation Criterion for Limited Resection in Stage IA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Motono Nozomu , Mizoguchi Takaki , Ishikawa Masahito , Iwai Shun , Iijima Yoshihito , Uramoto Hidetaka
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Although the consolidation diameter of a tumor on computed tomography (CT) is an adaptation criterion for limited resection in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whether the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) is also an adaptation criterion for limited resection has not been evaluated. Methods: In total, 478 NSCLC patients with clinical stage IA disease were analyzed, among whom 383 were used to perform a sub-analysis. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that consolidation diameter (odds ratio [OR]: 3.05, p = 0.01), SUVmax (OR: 10.74, p = 0.02), and lymphatic invasion (OR: 10.34, p < 0.01) were risk factors for lymph node metastasis in clinical stage IA NSCLC patients. Furthermore, age (OR: 2.98, p = 0.03), SUVmax (OR: 13.07, p = 0.02), and lymphatic invasion (OR: 5.88, p = 0.02) were risk factors for lymph node metastasis in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma patients according to multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Consolidation diameter of a tumor on CT, SUVmax, and lymphatic invasion are risk factors for lymph node metastasis. However, SUVmax was a risk factor for lymph node metastasis rather than consolidation diameter on CT in lung adenocarcinoma patients. These results suggest that for early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients, SUVmax is more important for deciding the indication of limited resection than consolidation diameter of the tumor on CT.
Impact of Additional Administration of von Willebrand Factor Concentrates to Thrombocyte Transfusion in Perioperative Bleeding in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Ledergerber Katrin , Hollinger Alexa , Zimmermann Sibylle , Todorov Atanas , Trutmann Maren , Gallachi Laura , Gschwandtner Lena Anna , Ryser Lisa Andrea , Gebhard Caroline Eva , Bolliger Daniel , Buser Andreas , Tsakiris Dimitrios Athanasios , Siegemund Martin
Published: July 2023

Background: Von Willebrand factor (vWF) is an important part of blood coagulation since it binds platelets to each other and to endothelial cells. In traumatic and surgical haemorrhage, both blood cells and plasmatic factors are consumed, leading to consumption coagulopathy and fluid resuscitation. This often results in large amounts of crystalloids and blood products being infused. Additional administration of vWF complex and platelets might mitigate this problem. We hypothesize that administration of vWF concentrate additionally to platelet concentrates reduces blood loss and the amount of blood products (platelets, red blood cells [RBC], fresh frozen plasma [FFP]) administered. Methods: We conducted a monocentric 6-year retrospective data analysis of cardiac surgery patients. Included were all patients receiving platelet concentrates within 48 h postoperatively. Patients who additionally received vWF concentrates were allocated to the intervention group and all others to the control group. Groups were compared in mixed regression models correcting for known confounders, based on nearest neighbour propensity score matching. Primary endpoints were loss of blood (day one and two) and amount of needed blood products on day one and two (platelets, RBC, FFP). Secondary endpoints were intensive care unit (ICU) and in-hospital length of stay, ICU and in-hospital mortality, and absolute difference of platelet counts before and after treatment. Results: Of 497 patients analysed, 168 (34%) received vWF concentrates. 121 patients in both groups were considered for nearest neighbour matching. Patients receiving additional vWF were more likely to receive more blood products (RBC, FFP, platelets) in the first 24 h after surgery and had around 200 mL more blood loss at the same time. Conclusion: In this retrospective analysis, no benefit in additional administration of vWF to platelet concentrates on perioperative blood loss, transfusion requirement (platelets, RBC, FFP), length of stay, and mortality could be found. These findings should be verified in a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial (www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT04555785).
Prediction of CKD Progression and Cardiovascular Events Using Albuminuria and Pulse Wave Velocity
Authors: Carlsen Rasmus Kirkeskov , Khatir Dinah Sherzad , Jensen Danny , Birn Henrik , Buus Niels Henrik
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death. Albuminuria is an established risk factor, but additional biomarkers predicting CKD progression or CVD are needed. Arterial stiffness is an easily measurable parameter that has been associated with CVD and mortality. We evaluated the ability of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and urine albumin-creatinine (UAC) ratio to predict CKD progression, cardiovascular events, and mortality in a cohort of CKD patients. Methods: In CKD stage 3–5 patients, PWV and UAC were measured at baseline. CKD progression was defined as 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), initiation of dialysis, or renal transplantation. A composite endpoint was defined as CKD progression, myocardial infarction, stroke, or death. Endpoints were analyzed using Cox regression analysis adjusted for possible confounders. Results: We included 181 patients (median age 69 [interquartile range 60–75] years, 67% males) with a mean eGFR of 37 ± 12 mL/min/1.73 m2 and UAC 52 (5–472) mg/g. Mean PWV was 10.6 m/s. Median follow-up until first event was 4 (3–6) years with 44 and 89 patients reaching a CKD progression or composite endpoint, respectively. UAC (g/g) significantly predicted both CKD progression (HR 1.5 [1.2; 1.8]) and composite endpoints (HR 1.4 [1.1; 1.7]) in adjusted Cox regression. In contrast, PWV (m/s) was not associated with neither CKD progression (HR 0.99 [0.84; 1.18]) nor the composite endpoint (HR 1.03 [0.92; 1.15]). Conclusion: In an aging CKD population, UAC predicted both CKD progression and a composite endpoint of CKD progression, cardiovascular events, or death, while PWV did not.
Radiation-Induced Gene Expression Changes Used for Biodosimetry and Clinical Outcome Prediction: Challenges and Promises
Authors: Abend Michael , Ostheim Patrick , Port Matthias
Published: July 2023

As the war in Ukraine progresses, the radiological and nuclear threat has never been as real as now. The formation of life-threatening acute radiation syndrome (ARS), in particular after the deployment of a nuclear weapon or an attack on a nuclear power station, must be considered realistic. ARS is caused by massive cell death, leading to functional organ deficits and, via systemic inflammatory responses, finally aggravates into multiple organ failure. As a deterministic effect, the severity of the disease dictates the clinical outcome. Hence, predicting ARS severity via biodosimetry or alternative approaches appears straightforward. Because the disease occurs delayed, therapy starting as early as possible has the most significant benefit. A clinically relevant diagnosis should be carried out within the diagnostic time window of about 3 days after exposure. Biodosimetry assays providing retrospective dose estimations within this time frame will support medical management decision-making. However, how closely can dose estimates be associated with the later developing ARS severity degrees when considering dose as one among other determinants of radiation exposure and cell death? From a clinical/triage point of view, ARS severity degrees can be further aggregated into unexposed, weakly diseased (no acute health effects expected), and strongly diseased patient groups, with the latter requiring hospitalization as well as an early and intensive treatment. Radiation-induced gene expression (GE) changes occur early after exposure and can be quickly quantified. GE can be used for biodosimetry purposes. Can GE be used to predict later developing ARS severity degrees and allocate individuals to the three clinically relevant groups as well?