bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS POWERPOINT BERBANTUAN MIND MAP PADA MATERI SISTEM PEREDARAN DARAH PADA MANUSIA KELAS XI SMA/MA
Authors: Syaitika Aprillia , Fauziah Nurul
Published: November 2023

The development of powerpoint-based learning media assisted by mind maps is included in research and development (R&D). min map is one of the teaching materials that makes it easy to place information into the brain and extract information from the brain during learning activities. This study aims to produce learning media based on PowerPoint assisted by a mind map on material on the human circulatory system that is valid and practical. This development research uses the Plomp development model which has three stages, namely the initial investigation stage, the development or prototyping stage, and the assessment stage. The validation results of learning media developed by media experts were 93.33% (very valid), material experts 91.38% (very valid), learning experts 98% (very valid). The result of practicality by students is 89.67% (very practical) and the result of practicality by teachers is 93.49% (very practical).
Alih Kode dan Campur Kode pada Masyarakat Dwibahasa di Kota Malili Kabupaten Luwu Timur Kajian Sosiolinguistik
Authors: Santa Alinda Nur
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan 1) mendeskripsikan bentuk alih kode dan faktor penyebabnya pada interaksi masyarakat dwibahasa di kota Malili, 2) mendeskripsikan bentuk campur kode dan faktor penyebabnya pada interaksi masyarakat dwibahasa di kota Malili. Metode dalam penelitian ini, termasuk ke dalam jenis penelitian lapangan (field research) dan dari sisi jenis data yang dikumpulkan termasuk ke dalam penelitian pendekatan kualitatif. Sedangkan dari aspek metode penelitian termasuk ke dalam penelitian deskriptif. Adapun subjek dan informan penelitiannya, yakni masyarakat dwibahasa di kota Malili. Selanjutnya teknik pengumpulan datanya bersumber dari hasil observasi dan pengamatan interaksi masyarakat. Kemudian teknik analisa data menggunakan teknis pilah. Hasil penelitian menjawab rumusan masalah antara lain, diketahui bahwa di dalam tuturan masyarakat, peneliti menemukan peristiwa alih kode dan campur kode. Peristia alih kode dan campur kode hanya ditemukan internal saja. 1). Bentuk alih kode internal bahasa Indonesia ke bahasa Makassae. 2). bentuk campur kode internal bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Makassae. 3). Faktor terjadinya alih kode ialah : a). mitra tutur, b). pokok pembicaraan, c). Maksud dan tujuan tutur. 4). Faktor terjadinya campur kode ialah: a). keterbatasan penguasaan kode, b). kebiasaan, c). Faktor maksud dan tujuan tutur.
Kritik Terhadap Pendidikan dalam Novel Orang-Orang Oetimu Karya Felix K. Nesi
Authors: Hasdar Wahyuni , Muslimat Muslimat , Haryeni Tamin
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan dan menguraikan terkait kritik terhadap pendidikan di dalam novel Orang-Orang Oetimu karya Felix. K. Nesi serta kaitannya dengan realitas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui metode studi pustaka. Data dalam penelitian ini merupakan data yang terkait dengan ketimpangan pendidikan yang terdapat di dalam novel Orang-Orang Petimu karya Felix K. Nesi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosiologi sastra yang dikemukakan oleh Alan Swingewood sebagai pisau bedah dalam melakukan analisis dan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan gambaran kritik terhadap pendidikan yang terdapat di dalam novel Orang-Orang Oetimu karya Felix K. Nesi melalui gambaran kemiskinan dan keterbatasan terhadap akses pendidikan berupa fasilitas dan layanan.
"Menjadi Yang Lain" Sebuah Pertahanan Identitas dalam Cerpen Ratu Kecantikan Karya Danthy Margareth
Authors: Nurlailatul Qadriani  , Abdul Jabaru Hidi  , Monika Sari  , Suci Pratiwi M. Daut  , Vivi Riana Pangestu  , Nurmin Suryati
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem pertahanan ego tokoh utama dalam cerpen Ratu Kecantikan karya Danthy Margareth. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan psikologi sastra dengan teori psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini cerpen Ratu Kecantikan karya Danthy Margareth yang dimuat di harian Jawa Pos 29 Mei 2022. Data diperoleh dengan teknik baca, catat, dan analisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur kepribadian tokoh utama terdiri dari id, ego, dan superego. Id mempengaruhi tokoh utama untuk mencapai kepuasan diri dengan menampilkan kepribadian yang berbeda. Ego mendukung tokoh utama untuk menghilangkan kecemasan yang terjadi ketika dirinya menjadi pribadi yang lain. Superego mempengaruhi tokoh utama dalam mengimbangi kedua kepribadiannya pada waktu tertentu. Sistem pertahanan ego tokoh utama berusaha menjaga keseimbangan hubungannya dengan id dan superego. Ketika kecemasan mulai hadir, ego berusaha mempertahankan diri atau menampilkan mekanisme pertahanan ego. Secara tidak langsung, tokoh utama menahan semua dorongan yang dapat mengancam atau mengecilkan dorongan tersebut menjadi bentuk yang dapat diterima. Mekanisme pertahanan ego yang dilakukan tokoh utama yaitu represi, penyangkalan, rasionalisasi, dan sublimasi.
Thanking Expression Used By The Characters In The Luca Movie (A Pragmatic Analysis)
Authors: Fanida Richa Yusrin , Koesoemo Ratih
Published: November 2023

This study seeks to explain the type of thank-you expression categories and establish the strategy of thank-you expression employed by the character in the movie Luca. The method used in this study was descriptive qualitative. This study used English utterances with thanking expressions as data. The data was documented. Types of thanking expressions were evaluated using Hymes (1972), and strategies of thanking expression were analyzed using Aijmer (1996). In this research, eight types of thank-you expressions were found. The study indicated that 33% of participants acknowledged a major favor, 17% acknowledged a favor, and 11% dismissed a service, ended the conversation, and used irony, sarcasm, or bluntness. 6% of data reveals thanking someone, making them feel good, and negative requests. Moreover, there are four strategies for saying thank you expressions. The data revealed 67% of the data shows thanking somebody explicitly, 17% stressing one's gratitude, 11% showing appreciation of the act, and 6% showing emotion.
Efektivitas Penerapan Strategi Pair Check terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Narasi pada Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Palakka Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Suhardiman Suhardiman , Nurmi Nurmi , Muhammad Rusdi  , Muhammad Idris
Published: November 2023

Tujuan penelitian untuk (1) mendeskripsikan penerapan strategi pair check terhadap kemampuan menulis narasi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Palakka Kabupaten Bone; dan (2) membuktikan keefektifan strategi pair check terhadap kemampuan menulis narasi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Palakka Kabupaten Bone. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dan sampel penelitian  sebanyak 46 orang siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Palakka Kabupaten Bone yang terdiri  atas siswa kelas VIIIA  sebanyak 23 orang siswa dan kelas VIIIC sebanyak 23 orang siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pretes dan postes terhadap dua kelas yang diberi perlakuan berbeda. Kelas eksperimen adalah siswa kelas VIIIA SMP Negeri 1 Palakka Kabupaten Bone kelas eksperimen menggunakan penerapan strategi Pair Check dan siswa kelas VIIIC sebagai kelas kontrol menggunakan pembelajaran metode konvensional. Analisis data menggunakan Analisis Statistik Deskriptif dan Statistik Inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Efektivitas Penerapan Strategi Pair Cheks terhadap Kemampuan`Menulis Narasi pada Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Palakka Kabupaten Bone  berada pada kategori tinggi dengan nilai rata-rata siswa kelas eksprimen pada pretes dan postes berturut-turut adalah 71 dan 84. Nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh siswa pada kelas kontrol, untuk pretes yaitu 58 dan untuk postes yaitu 65. Kedua nilai ini berada pada kategori sedang. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara efektivitas penerapan strategi Pair Check terhadap kemampuan menulis narasi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Palakka Kabupaten Bone dengan pembelajaran kemampuan menulis narasi dengan menggunakan metode konvensional.
STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN SPEAKING ENGLISH AT THE SECOND GRADE OF MTs NEGERI 1 BUNGO
Authors: Suryani Hilma , Abadi Ayuliamita , Tika Herni , Mayazila Wafiq
Published: November 2023

This research sought to identify students' difficulties in speaking English and the root causes of those difficulties. This research was carried out in MTsN 1 Bungo. The research design utilizes qualitative descriptive methodology. This investigation focuses on the second-grade MTsN 1 Bungo students. The data for this research were gathered through observation and interviews. The researcher determined, based on the findings and discussion, that speaking English presents and is accompanied by a number of difficulties and causes of difficulty. The linguistic difficulties the student encountered when speaking English were a lack of pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar. When speaking English, students struggle with a lack of confidence, shyness, and apprehensiveness. pronunciation difficulties predominate among difficulties. The majority of students stated that they are afraid of pronouncing English words incorrectly. Student difficulties are caused by a fear of making a blunder.
THE USE OF AFFIXATION ON STUDENTS’ WRITING TEXT AT THE SECOND GRADE OF SMAN 1 KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Rozelin Diana , Indriyani Tuti , Suryani Hilma , Nurhasianti
Published: November 2023

The aims of this study investigates about two type of affixation focused on derivational affixes use by students of SMAN1 Jambi City in writng text.the data of the study are on students writing text. The method of the research was qualitative research and the approach used in counducting this research was descriotive research. The data obtained through documentation. This study involved twenty five students of XI mipa at SMAN1 Jambi City as sample the result of the research showed that there two type of affixation use by the students on their writing text, it shows there are, verb maker (38), noun maker (123), adjective maker ( 56), and adverb maker (127), the totals affixes use 344 word affixes.The researcher uses the classification of affixes by using Fromkin, et al (2014)’s theory about derivation which change grammatical classes which included noun , verb, adjective, and adverb.The findings of the study reveal that from 344 words which consist of affixes that focuse derivational affixes. that grammatical classes which involve 123 for noun which affixes produced are – ation, -ion, -er, -dis,- extra-ence, -er,, -ment,, -ness. 56 for adjective which affixes produced are –ous, - able, -ful, -y, -in, -ir, -ate, -tic, -ive,-al, -less, 127 for adverb which affix produced are –ly, -less, -un, -a, -im, -eag, and 38 for verb which affixes produced are -be-, and -ize. The intended meanings are about the affixation focuse of derivational affixation words that related to the quotations that are analyzed.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE USE OF ONLINE ASSESSMENT IN ENGLISH SUMMATIVE TEST AT ELEVENT GRADE OF SMAN 1 TANJUNG JABUNG BARAT
Authors: Mukhtar  , Rozal Edi , Mesalina Juliana , Kurniati Indah
Published: November 2023

This research sought to determine how students at SMAN 1 Tanjung Jabung Barat perceive the use of online assessment in English summative exams. This research employed a qualitative research design in which data were collected through interviews and observations of IPA 11 students. Based on (Walgito, 2010) theory, the findings are presented in three categories: cognitive aspect, conative aspect, and affective aspect. According to the findings of the research, the majority of students have a favorable view of online assessment, particularly regarding its cognitive and conative aspects. The students viewed online assessment as an effective, interesting, and valuable method for conducting online examinations. The negative perception was associated with the affective aspect of the online assessment, which was perceived as somewhat intimidating. When the server is disrupted and the network is unstable, students become apprehensive.
AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH SUMMATIVE TEST ITEMS OF TWELFTH GRADE STUDENT OF MAN 2 MERANGIN ACADEMIC YEAR 2019/2020
Authors: Risnita  , Zurnelli Netti , Fitria Wahyuni , Makrub
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the validity, reliability, level of difficulty, discriminating power, and distractor efficacy of the English summative test items for the 12th grade MAN 2 Merangin students for the 2019-2020 academic year. This is a quantitative descriptive study. The subjects of this research were the questions from the 2019/2020 MAN 2 Merangin 12th grade English summative examination. Questions, answer keys, and student responses were included in the documentation used for the data collection technique. The quantitofive technique is used to analyze the validity, reliability, level of difficulty, discriminating power, and distractor efficacy of the dofa. The obtained dofa were analyzed using manual Microsoft Excel calculations. The results indicate that there are 38 valid items (76%) and 12 invalid items (14%); the questions on the English summative test of 12th grade students of MAN 2 Merangin for the 2019-2020 academic year are unreliable with a reliability level of 0.422; there are 12 items with an easy level of difficulty, 34 with a medium level of difficulty, and 4 with a difficult level of difficulty; and there are 22 poor items.
FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS’ LOW MOTIVATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH AT SMK MAMBAUL ULUM JAMBI
Authors: Putri Rodiyanti
Published: November 2023

This study is purposed to find out factor of affecting students’ low motivation in learning English at high school. This study used qualitative case study as the design. To collect the data, the researcher conducted interviews and observations with respondents to find out the problems students’ low motivation in learning English..The interview consisted of 12 questions arranged according to the indicator by Gardner and Dornyei. Researchers used data analysis to identify students’ low motivation in learning English. The result of this study is the students eleventh grade of SMK Mambaul Ulum Jambi are low motivation in learning English. Then, the factors that affected are: internal factors (students self/individual, students’ interest, curiosity) and external factors (family factors, teacher factors, and environment factors). Suggestions for future researchers, it is hoped that this study will serve as a reference for researchers who low the motivation to investigate the same topic and that subsequent researchers will be able to learn more about it.
BERMAIN “EGO” PSIKOANALITIS DALAM BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING PADA ANAK TUNA GRAHITA
Authors: Muarif Ahmad Syamsul
Published: November 2023

The aim of this research is to find out how to provide guidance and counseling techniques for mentally retarded children, then find out what the process of educating mentally retarded children is. Children with mental retardation or also known as mentally retarded because of their limited intelligence make it difficult for them to take part in classical educational programs in regular schools, therefore mentally retarded children need special educational services that are tailored to the child's abilities. The method used is a qualitative case study, with data analysis techniques used, namely pattern matching and explanation creation. The results of this research show that children with special needs can be minimized, but in a small way and over a very long period of time. For example, how to communicate, a counselor must be able to provide guidance services for this kind of thing. The causes of mental retardation in children are, firstly, it could be heredity factors, parenting style factors, nutritional factors, social factors, and so on. Because it is possible that when the baby is in the womb he lacks vitamins, this could also be a cause of mental retardation in children. The hope is that with psychoanalytic play therapy, mentally disabled children will receive guidance and learning to increase their IQ. Of course, this kind of thing is done by providing lessons and examples of games repeatedly in play therapy. So by giving examples over and over again, they can easily memorize what their teacher has taught them even though they are slow to digest it.
BIMBINGAN ROHANI ISLAM UNTUK KETENANGAN JIWA WARGA BINAAN
Authors: Siti Juariah  , Masnida
Published: November 2023

Prisoners are examples of humans who commit negative acts that violate laws and norms that apply in society. Penitentiary is the government's effort to provide assistance through the guidance of Islamic spiritual guidance which is the process of providing assistance, maintenance, development, and spiritual treatment. This research is a field research. This study used qualitative research methodology with Purposive sampling techniques and used data collection techniques of interviews, observation, documentation, and data analysis.  The results showed that there was a change in more positive attitudes by fostered residents who had carried out Islamic spiritual guidance in the form of congregational prayer, dhikr, Quran recitation, and prayer therapy.

Narapidana merupakan contoh manusia yang melakukan tindak negatif yang melanggar hukum dan norma yang berlaku di masyarakat. Lembaga pemasyarakatan merupakan upaya pemerintah untuk memberikan bantuan Melalui bimbingan Bimbingan rohani Islam yang merupakan proses pemberian bantuan, pemeliharaan, pengembangan, dan pengobatan rohani. penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (Field Research). Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik Purposive sampling dan menggunakan  teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan analisis data.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan sikap yang lebih positif oleh warga binaan yang telah melakukan bimbingan rohani islam berupa solat berjamaah, dzikir, mengaji Al-Quran, dan terapi Do’a.
FASHION AND SELF CONFIDENCE: IMPLIKASI GAYA BUSANA TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN DIRI (Studi Fenomenologi Santri Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Putri Utara)
Authors: Shilvy Afifatis Sholihah  , Ahmad Syamsul Mu’arif
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship when students wear clothes that are not shabby, neat, fragrant and branded feel their level of self-confidence increases and students feel optimistic, ambitious, have a feeling of security, and have increased confidence in themselves.This type of research in this study is qualitative. The approach used is phenomenology. The technique for taking respondents in this study was purposive sampling, namely with the category when the students of the Darussalam Putri Utara Islamic Boarding School wore clothes that were not shabby, neat, fragrant and branded and felt confident. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that there is a relationship between students' self-confidence. Confidence increases when they wear neat, fragrant and branded clothes. the students feel that when they wear branded and neat clothes they feel more confident, optimistic, ambitious, have a feeling of security, and have confidence in themselves. some of the brands commonly used by the students are Cardinal, Cressida, Rabbani, Zoya, Elzatta, Mutif, Le Khari, Loafu, Denise, Nibras, Endomoda, Lubi, Aurany, Yasmeera, Keke, Seply, Ayumi, Rauna, Mcb Clothing , and Ethica, from a number of these brands, most students prefer to wear Kaftan, Abaya, Gamis, Tunic, and Overall dress models.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mengetahui keterkaitan ketika santri mengenakan setelan busana tidak lusuh, rapi, wangi dan bermerk merasa tingkat kepercayaan dirinya meningkat serta santri merasa optimis, berambisi, memiliki perasaan aman, dan keyakinan pada diri sendiri meningkat. Jenis penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah fenomenologi. Teknik pengambilan responden pada penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling yaitu dengan kategori ketika santri pondok pesantren darussalam putri utara mengenakan setelan busana tidak lusuh, rapi, wangi dan bermerk merasa percaya diri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat keterkaitan antara kepercayaan diri santri. Rasa percaya diri meningkat ketika mereka mengenakan busana yang rapi, wangi dan bermerk. para santri merasa ketika memakai busana yang bermerk dan rapi lebih merasa percaya diri, optimis, berambisi, memiliki perasaan yang aman, serta memiliki keyakinan pada diri sendiri. beberapa merk yang biasa di pakai oleh para santri yaitu, Cardinal, Cressida, Rabbani, Zoya, Elzatta, Mutif, Le Khari, Loafu, Denise, Nibras, Endomoda, Lubi , Aurany, Yasmeera, Keke, Seply, Ayumi, Rauna, Mcb Clothing, dan Ethica, dari beberapa Merk tersebut kebanyak santri lebih suka memakai model busana Kaftan, Abaya, Gamis, Tunik, dan Overall
Deteksi Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Kucing dengan Metode Plaque Index
Authors: Apritya Desty
Published: November 2023

Penyakit periodontal adalah penyakit yang sering pada kucing terutama yang menyerang bagian gigi dan mulut. Penyakit periodontal menyebabkan hewan mengalami anoreksia, halitosis, kesulitan membersihkan dirinya dan menyebabkan penyakit sistemik seperti komplikasi penyakit jantung, rheumatoid arthritis serta gangguan kebuntingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penilaian kesehatan mulut dan gigi kucing dengan metode plaque index. Penilaian akan diukur berdasarkan derajat gingivitis, plaque, calculus, furkasi serta periodontitis pada tiap ekor kucing. Sehingga didapatkan data gambaran ciri-ciri khas dari penyakit periodontal di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode deskriptif observatif yaitu melakukan pemeriksaan periodontal secara menyeluruh. Kucing yang digunakan adalah kucing berpemilik dan kucing liar yang ada di Surabaya sejumlah 62 ekor. Kucing yang diperiksa dilakukan anastesi umum. Observasi mulut dan gigi dilakukan menggunakan metode plaque index dengan bantuan dental mirror, periodontal probe, eksplorer dan disclosing agent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kasus periodontal terbanyak ditemukan pada gigi molar dan premolar pada bagian maxilla.
The DIFFERENCE OF FEED CONSUMPTION, BODY WEIGHT AND FEED CONVERSION RATIO BETWEEN MALE MUSCOVY DUCK (Cairina moschata) AND MALE MULE DUCK AT THE GROWTH AGE
Authors: Restiadi Tjuk Imam
Published: November 2023

This study aims to collect data on comparisons of the differences in body size between Muscovy Duck and Mule Duck that can be observed from feed consumption, weight gain and feed conversion ratio between Cairina moschata and Mule Duck to find out the best waterfowl as a cut poultry. Cairina moschata and Mule Duck that are maintained at the age of the growth phase that is from the age of 5 weeks to 9 weeks with gender male Cairina moschata and male Mule Duck were used in this study. The number of samples that were used was 10 Cairina moschata and 10 Mule Duck. The results of the data processing of this study used a t test method in SPSS. The results of this study were the consumption of Mule Duck feed is much more than Muscovy Duck, the weight gain of Mule Duck is much more than Muscovy Duck, and Mule Duck have a lower feed conversion ratio compared to the Muscovy Duck. This experiment concluded that Mule Duck performance are more superior compared to Muscovy Duck.
TRADISI TOLAK BALA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Kasus di Desa Perkebunan Teluk Panji, Kecamatan Kampung Rakyat, Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Selatan)
Authors: Indra Farhan
Published: November 2023

Islam regulates various aspects of life in worship, as a nation, as a state, in society and with the right beliefs. And Allah SWT sent down the Qur'an solely to be used as a guide for mankind, in order to live according to the truth. The purpose of this study is to provide a deeper understanding of the tradition of rejecting reinforcements. The problem examined in this study is how to implement the tradition of rejecting reinforcements and how Islamic law views the tradition of rejecting reinforcements. This study uses a type of field research (field research) using a qualitative method whose data source comes from information. The data collection method used is the interview method. The results of the research that the authors obtained show that: 1) The community's view of the tradition of rejecting reinforcements is the tradition of their predecessors. Most of the people who carry out the tradition of rejecting reinforcements are people who follow previous teachings that have become habits, teachings that have been taught from generation to generation by previous communities. The reason people carry out the tradition of rejecting reinforcements is to avoid an epidemic that can no longer be prevented, therefore the tradition of rejecting reinforcements is a form of effort by the people of the Teluk Panji Plantation Village to resist the plague. 2) According to the opinion of the fiqh scholars regarding urf including the Hanfiyah priests and Malikiyah urf something that has been considered good so that it has become a tradition in a society. Hanafiyah and Malikiyah scholars also argue with the hadith of the prophet "something that is considered good by Muslims, including something that It is also good according to Allah SWT. Meanwhile, according to Syafi'iyah and Hambali, they do not consider urf as a proof or a syar'i legal proposition. The Shafi'iyah group does not recognize the existence of ihtihsan, they avoid using legal instincts and do not use it as a proof. iyah refuses to use urf as a source of Islamic law.
Lingkungan Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Iskandar Sultani Dalmi , Nahar Syamsu
Published: November 2023

Education plays an important role today, because without education the process of modern knowledge transformation will be difficult to do. Educators must also adjust themselves by continuously learning to add and hone their abilities in order to take part in the transfer of knowledge, otherwise they will be replaced by technology. In addition, the development of learner progress is also dominated by the environment in its journey. In this paper, it will be discussed specifically about the environment of Islamic Education from the perspective of the prophet's hadith. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a literature review. The data collected comes from references that are accurate and relevant to the discussion being studied.
The Influence of Leadership Style and Work Culture on the Work Productivity of Nurses at Mitra Medika Tanjung Mulia Medan General Hospital
Authors: Adhisty Ella , Sari Novita , Nurmala Nurmala
Published: November 2023

Every job requires human resources to improve the quality of work, one of the efforts to produce good quality work is to increase work productivity. The importance of productivity for nurses is an evaluation material to make continuous improvements to all components of the hospital, improving the quality of work by the hospital which plays an important role is the approach by leaders and a positive culture in the workplace. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of leadership style and work culture to produktivity of  nurses. This type of research is analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The study population was all nurses at Mitra Medika Tanjung Mulia Hospital Medan as many as 145 people with 106 samples taken by simple random sampling technique. Analyzed using univariate, bivariate analysis using chi-square test with 95% confidence level, using multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that most of the leadership style less, namely 39 respondents (36.8%), work culture enough that 35 respondents (33.0%), labor productivity sufficiently at 42 respondents (39.6%). The results of the analysis of the influence of leadership style statistikmenunjukkan (p = 0.000), and the work culture p = 0.017) on the productivity of nurses in hospital  Mitra Medika Tanjung Mulia Medan in 2016. It is recommended to the hospital for further enhancing cooperation and better relations between the leaders with nurse in order to improve the productivity of nurses better.
The Effect of Providing Self-Love Education to Increase Happiness in Grade I Students of SMKS Al-Fajar
Authors: Sakti Yenni Merdeka , Afriani Miskah , Asrul Asrul , Amelia Wanna Zhirah
Published: November 2023

Self love is a person's way of loving themselves and treating themselves well. Individuals who have self-love will increase happiness within themselves. Providing education regarding the importance of self-love is also very important, especially during the transition period between the adolescent development period and the early adulthood period. The aim of this research is to find out the effect of providing self-love education in increasing happiness in class I students at SMKS Al-Fajar. This research uses quantitative methods. The research population was 50 people who were class I students at SMKS Al-Fajar Sei Mencirim and the sample in this study was 25 people. The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling. The measuring instrument used is a questionnaire, namely the happiness scale questionnaire. Hypothesis testing in this research was carried out using t-test analysis. Based on the results of data analysis, it shows that using lecture, discussion and question and answer methods using video learning and Microsoft Power Point with Self Love and Happiness material obtained an average pre-test score of 124,840 and post-test of 144,280. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, the post-test t result was 6.583 and the significance value was 0.294. The significance value states that it is greater than 0.05, so it can be said that there is no significant difference. In this research, self-love has a relationship with the happiness of grade 1 students at SMKS Al-Fajar.
Unsettling Assemblages: Anxiety and Materiality in La Ciénaga (Martel, 2001) and Distancia de rescate (Llosa, 2021)
Authors: Rihuete Varea Irene
Published: November 2023

This article explores the relationship between anxiety and the nonhuman in the films La Ciénaga (Lucrecia Martel, 2001) and Distancia de rescate (Claudia Llosa, 2021). The recognition of the material continuity between the characters and their environment is central to the production of negative affect in both diegesis. Anxiety is condensed in specific signifiers that produce a palpable tension between absence and excess, and in the configuration of milieus where overproximity among agents is unavoidable. In addition, the liminality of interiority and exteriority, the hybridization of the self and the vulnerability of the body to toxic substances contribute to this oppressive affective landscape. Anxiety, as a signal of danger, points towards foundational fears around the blurring of ontological boundaries between the human and the nonhuman. The impossibility of isolation emerges in these films as an anxious trace in the form of cinematographic images, through characters that try to navigate a world in which dualism and human exceptionalism are being questioned.
Cine-Ecologies and the Temporality of a Radical Cinematic Production
Authors: Mandić Miška
Published: November 2023

Debashree Mukherjee’s writing on cine-ecology (2020) defines a materialist concept of cinema production that recognizes a relational mesh between ideologies, places, practices, infrastructures, climates, and human and non-human actors. This article provides a situated account of my recent cinematic practice to illustrate how such a relational view of film production can be useful in sustaining radical temporalities outside capitalist Western modernity’s valuations of speed and movement (Povinelli 2016, 2021; Doane 2002). To do this, I adapt Mukherjee’s concept of cine-ecology to focus on time, care and pleasure, using my works The Fold (2022) and Residue (2023) as case studies. Reconfiguring cine-ecologies through a temporal lens emphasizes even more relations, widening the net of what actors and processes can be linked in exchange.
O pobačaju i čedomorstvu u ranokršćanskom (patrističkom) razdoblju
Authors: Mišić Anto , Antunović Ivan
Published: November 2023

Izlaskom kršćanstva iz Palestine, vrlo izolirane sredine, u područje Mediterana ujedinjenog grčkom kulturom i rimskom državom (pravom), kršćanstvo se susrelo s mnogim poteškoćama. Premda je Rimsko Carstvo bilo prilično tolerantno društvo, osobito u religijskom pogledu, kršćanstvo se susrelo s mnoštvom njemu neprihvatljivih religijskih i etičkih stavova i moralnih ponašanja, poput politeizma, moralnog liberalizma pa i odnosa prema pobačaju i čedomorstvu koji su u antičko vrijeme bili česti, moralno i društveno prihvatljivi. U ovom radu želimo odgovoriti na nekoliko važnih pitanja: a) koji je ranokršćanski stav o početku ljudskog života; b) što ranokršćanski autori misle o ljudskom zametku (fetusu); c) koji je ranokršćanski moralni stav o pobačaju i čedomorstvu; d) koje su eshatološke posljedice svojevoljnog pobačaja i čedomorstva. Kršćanstvo, od svojih početaka, ima jasan stav o abortusu kao ubojstvu i smrtnom grijehu, smatrajući da je fetus od svoga začeća živo ljudsko biće, stoga je za kršćane svojevoljan prekid trudnoće moralno neprihvatljiv i smrtni grijeh. Već u najranijoj kršćanskoj književnosti pobačaj je označen kao »put smrti« koji je kršćanima neprihvatljiv jer se protivi ljubavi prema bližnjemu, jer uništava Božje stvorenje. Osuđuju se svi koji sudjeluju u pobačaju. Apologetski pisci drugog stoljeća svoje protivljenje abortusu opravdavaju kršćanskim poštivanjem ljudskog života. Božja zapovijed »Ne ubij« jednako se odnosi na rođeno i nerođeno dijete. Jasnu osudu abortusa nalazimo i kod mnogih drugih ranokršćanskih pisaca koji ga izjednačuje s ubojstvom.
Jednakost osoba i moralni status fetusā
Authors: Lojkić Goran
Published: November 2023

U ovom radu iznosimo semantički argument protiv psiholoških kriterija moralnoga statusa i pokazujemo da pro-choice argumenti iz osobnosti, koji pretpostavljaju takve kriterije, ne mogu uspješno braniti tvrdnju da ljudski fetusi nemaju pravo na život. Razlučujemo dva različita relevantna pojma osobnosti – psihološki i moralni – i argumentiramo da zbog temeljne razlike u njihovoj semantičkoj strukturi ta dva pojma logički ne mogu biti koekstenzivni. Psihološki je pojam osobnosti fuzzy pojam – takav da nije za svaki predmet jednoznačno određeno je li pojam primjenjiv na nj. Moralni pojam osobnosti, s druge strane, implicirajući jednakost osnovnih moralnih prava, pretpostavlja postojanje oštre granice između onih entiteta na koje se pojam odnosi i onih na koje se ne odnosi. Drugim riječima, psihološki je pojam opsegovno neodređen, a moralni je opsegovno dobro definiran. Stoga psihološki i moralni pojam osobnosti trivijalno nisu ekvivalentni, tj. skup osoba u psihološkom smislu i skup osoba u moralnom smislu trivijalno nisu istovjetni. No to upravo znači da se pozivanjem na psihička svojstva koja definiraju osobnost u psihološkom smislu ne može specificirati skup nositelja moralnih prava koja definiraju osobnost u moralnom smislu. Odnosno, osobnost u psihološkom smislu ne može biti kriterijem punoga moralnog statusa. Analiza moralnoga pojma osobnosti pokazuje da bilo koji primjeren kriterij punoga moralnog statusa mora biti opsegovno dobro definiran – posebno, mora biti dobro definiran za razred biološki ljudskih bića. Taj je rezultat ujedno argument u prilog ključne premise tzv. argumenta iz kontinuiteta. Konačno, argumentiramo da semantički odnos između biološkoga pojma ljudskoga bića i moralnoga pojma osobnosti načelno može biti takvim kakvim ga pretpostavlja pro-life argument iz ljudskosti.
"Analisis Antropologis terhadap Konflik Tanah di Masyarakat Desa"
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Anugrah
Published: November 2023

Tanah termasuk tanah warisan merupakan “benda ” yang bernilai ekonomis dan bernilai historis serta memiliki nilai geneologis. Sebahagian besar masyarakat Batak Tobalebih memandang tanah sebagai benda ekonomis meskipun ada sebagai kecil yang masih memandang tanah sebagai benda yang bernilai historis dan bernilai geneologis namun sekarang tekanan –tekanan ekonomi membuat masyarakat Batak Toba mengabaikan tanah sebagai benda historis dan lebih mengutamakan tanah sebagai benda ekonomis. Konflik tanah yang terjadi ada masyarakat Toba di desa Sigaol Lumban Suhisuhi Dolok merupakan konflik internal antar marga Sinaga yang dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya nilai historis tanah, nilai ekonomis tanah dan nilai geneologis tanah ditambah lagi dengan adanya sikap saling tuduh siapa pemilik tanah (ladang kopi) yang sebenarnya.
Immigration from San Pier Niceto, Messina to America 1892 – 1970
Authors: Ruggeri Francesco Rocco
Published: November 2023

This preprint collects data on the migration of people from San Pier Niceto to America from 1892 to 1970. It includes almost 900 people and 120 surnames. It considers where these people settled and what they did, in addition to information about Ellis Island arrivals.
Learning health systems approach for public health improvement: A case study in school-based physical activity promotion
Authors: Lane Cassandra , Nathan Nicole , Wiggers John , Hall Alix , Shoesmith Adam , Bauman Adrian , Groombridge Daniel , Sutherland Rachel , Wolfenden Luke
Published: November 2023

Background: Learning Health Systems (LHS) – characterised by cycles of evidence generation and application – are increasingly recognised for their potential to improve public health interventions and optimise health impacts; however there is little evidence of their application in the context of public health practice. Here, we describe how an Australian public health unit applied a LHS approach to successfully improve a model of support for school-based policy implementation.Methods: This body of work was undertaken in the context of a strong research-practice partnership. Core LHS capabilities included: stakeholder engagement; workforce capacity; networks and learning communities; scientific expertise; data systems for evidence generation; and governance and decision making. Three cycles of data generation and application were used. Within each cycle, randomised and controlled trials conducted in schools were used to generate data on the support model’s effectiveness for improving schools’ policy implementation, delivery costs, and process measures such as adoption and acceptability. Each type of data was analysed independently, synthesised, and then presented to a multi-disciplinary team of researchers and practitioners, in consult with stakeholders, who then made decisions for incremental improvements to the support model. Results: Cycle 1 tested the first version of the support model (composed of five implementation strategies) and showed the model’s feasibility and efficacy for improving schools’ policy implementation. Data-informed changes were made to enhance impact, including the addition of three implementation strategies to address outstanding barriers. Cycle 2 (now, testing a package of eight implementation strategies) established the model’s effectiveness and cost-effectiveness for improving school's policy implementation. Data-informed changes were made to reduce delivery costs, specifically adapting the most costly strategies to reduce in-person contact from external support personnel. Cycle 3 showed that the adaptations minimised the relative cost of delivery without adversely impacting on the effect. Conclusions: Through this process, we identified an effective, cost-effective, acceptable and scalable policy implementation support model for service delivery. This provides important information to inform or support LHS approaches for other agencies seeking to optimise the health impact of evidence-based interventions.
The GPS Sagnac Correction Disproves Isotropy and Constancy of the Speed of Light and the Relativistic Clock Synchronization Procedure
Authors: Tadesse Henok
Published: November 2023

Light speed experiments involving moving detectors/observers have been some of the controversial topics in the Special Relativity Theory. The relativistic arguments are inconsistent and are usually ad hoc mixtures of relativistic and classical views. Researchers trying to use such experiments to disprove relativity haven’t been particularly successful either because the arguments usually left room for (not always consistent) relativistic counter-arguments. In this paper, I present a decisive disproof of special relativity by applying the assumption of isotropy of the speed of light to a thought experiment. The result is in direct conflict with experience and well-known facts.
Causal claims about scientific rigor require rigorous causal evidence.
Authors: Bak-Coleman Joseph B , Devezer Berna
Published: November 2023

Protzko et al. (2023) claim that “High replicability of newly discovered social-behavioral findings is achievable.” They argue that the 86% rate of replication observed in their replication studies is due to “rigor-enhancing practices” such as confirmatory tests, large sample sizes, preregistration and methodological transparency. These findings promise hope as concerns over low rates of replication have plagued the social sciences for more than a decade. Unfortunately, the observational design of the study does not support its key causal claim. Instead, inference relies on a post hoc comparison of a tenuous metric of replicability to past research that relied on incommensurable metrics and sampling frames.
Anticipating the risks and benefits of counterfactual world simulation models
Authors: Kirfel Lara , MacCoun Robert J. , Icard Thomas , Gerstenberg Tobias
Published: November 2023

This paper examines the transformative potential of Counterfactual World Simulation Models (CWSMs). CWSMs use pieces of multi-modal evidence, such as the CCTV footage or sound recordings of a road accident, to build a high-fidelity 3D reconstruction of the scene. They can also answer causal questions, such as whether the accident happened because the driver was speeding, by simulating what would have happened in relevant counterfactual situations. CWSMs will enhance our capacity to envision alternate realities and investigate the outcomes of counterfactual alterations to how events unfold. This also, however, raises questions about what alternative scenarios we should be considering and what to do with that knowledge. We present a normative and ethical framework that guides and constrains the simulation of counterfactuals. We address the challenge of ensuring fidelity in reconstructions while simultaneously preventing stereotype perpetuation during counterfactual simulations. We anticipate different modes of how users will interact with CWSMs and discuss how their outputs may be presented. Finally, we address the prospective applications of CWSMs in the legal domain, recognizing both their potential to revolutionize legal proceedings as well as the ethical concerns they engender. Anticipating a new type of AI, this paper seeks to illuminate a path forward for responsible and effective use of CWSMs.
Black and White Magic: Efficacy of In-group versus Out-group Rituals
Authors: Boschetti Silvia , Kopecky Robin , Příplatová Lenka , Talmont-Kaminski Konrad
Published: November 2023

Supernatural beliefs are a cultural universal, but each society has a specific repertoire of such beliefs. Indeed, membership of a group and sharing its beliefs are intertwined. The distinction between helpful white magic typically practiced by in-group members and harmful black magic practiced by out-group members is one aspect of this. These considerations make the cross-cultural study of supernatural belief particularly difficult; hindering assessment of anything like a general level of espousal of supernatural beliefs.We examined how the estimated efficacy of rituals is affected by two factors: 1) whether the ritual performer is an in-group member and 2) whether the ritual is intended to have a helpful or harmful effect. Our subjects were presented with descriptions of three helpful and three harmful rituals and asked to judge their efficacy. The scenarios presented to different subjects were modified only in terms of whether the ritual performer was presented as a member of the same religious group as the subject.The responses were analysed in terms of their relationship to religious identification, self-reported measures of religiosity, and early exposure to religious models. Our hypothesis was that rituals aimed to help and performed by an in-group member would be rated as more effective in comparison with those performed by an out-group member, while we expected opposite results for rituals that aim to harm somebody.The results confirmed our main hypothesis and supported the role of some measures of religiosity and exposure to religious models in the rated efficacy of positive rituals.
Different learning aberrations relate to delusion-like beliefs with different contents
Authors: Rossi-Goldthorpe Rosa , Silverstein Steven , Gold James , Schiffman Jason , Waltz James , Williams Trevor , powers albert , Woods Scott , Zinbarg Richard , Mittal Vijay A. , Ellman Lauren , Strauss Gregory P. , Walker Elaine , Levin Jason , Castiello Santiago , Kenney Joshua , Corlett Philip R.
Published: November 2023

The prediction error account of delusions has had success. However, its explanation of delusions with different contents has been lacking. Persecutory delusions and paranoia are the common unfounded beliefs that others have harmful intentions towards us. Other delusions include believing that one’s thoughts or actions are under external control, or that events in the world have specific personal meaning. We compare learning on two different cognitive tasks, probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) and Kamin blocking, that have relationships to paranoid and non-paranoid delusion-like beliefs, respectively. We find that Clinical High-Risk status alone does not result in different behavioral results on the PRL task but that an individual’s level of paranoia is associated with excessive switching behavior. During the Kamin blocking task, paranoid individuals learned inappropriately about the blocked cue. However, they also had decreased learning about the control cue, suggesting more general learning impairments. Non-paranoid delusion-like belief conviction (but not paranoia) was associated with aberrant learning about the blocked cue but intact learning about the control cue, suggesting specific impairments in learning related to cue combination. We fit task-specific computational models separately to behavioral data to explore how latent parameters vary within individuals between tasks, and how they can explain symptom-specific effects. We find that paranoia is associated with low learning rates on the PRL task as well as the blocking task. Non-paranoid delusion-like belief conviction was instead related to parameters controlling the degree and direction of similarity between cue updating during simultaneous cue presentation. These results suggest that paranoia and other delusion-like beliefs involve dissociable deficits in learning and belief updating, which – given the transdiagnostic status of paranoia – may have differential utility in predicting psychosis.
Distinct role of central predictive mechanisms in tactile suppression
Authors: Arikan Belkis Ezgi
Published: November 2023

Tactile sensitivity on a limb is reduced during movement, presumably due to central predictive mechanisms that downregulate sensations caused during voluntary action. As suppression also occurs during passive movements, peripheral mechanisms might also contribute, questioning the predictive nature of suppression. Yet, passive movements may not only reflect peripheral but also predictive processes related to non-motor predictions. This study aimed to disentangle central predictive and peripheral feedback mechanisms by having participants detect tactile stimuli on their limb shortly before active and passive movements, which they were informed (cued) or not. We found tactile suppression during both active and passive movements irrespective of whether the movement was cued. Importantly, tactile suppression was larger in active than passive movements highlighting the specific role of central predictive mechanisms.