bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative corpus-based ecological discourse analysis of Chinese, Indian, and American news reports on the Belt and Road Initiative (2013–2022)
Authors: Wei Ruby Rong , Hu Yanlan
Published: April 2024

This study employs corpus-based ecological discourse analysis to explore representations of the ecological attitudes in English-language news reports on China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in China, India, and the United States from 2013 to 2022. It reveals the media’s perception and attitude towards the BRI in these nations. The analysis reveals that media outlets in each country project different ecological stances using varied attitudinal resources. The Chinese media frequently deploy beneficial attitudinal resources to highlight the BRI’s achievements and advocate for broader international engagement. In contrast, the Indian media exhibit a balanced usage of beneficial, neutral, and destructive attitudinal resources, reflecting a prudent and observant attitude towards the BRI. The American media corpus displays a greater prevalence of neutral and destructive attitudinal representations over beneficial ones, suggesting a comparatively skeptical reception of the initiative. The study argues that these divergent patterns of ecological attitudes and the selection of attitudinal resources are shaped by factors such as economic development, geographical context, and social values.
An innovative binocular vision-based method for displacement measurement in membrane structures
Authors: Liu Ping , Wenrui Li , Ngamkhanong Chayut , Kaewunruen Sakdirat
Published: April 2024

This article presents a new binocular vision method for accurate deformation measurements of flexible membrane structures. Using enhanced marker points on the membrane, the method identifies areas for displacement measurements, filtering out unwanted image features with scale-invariant feature transform and threshold correlation. It integrates Canny edge recognition and quadratic weighted averaging for precise positioning of measurement points. By comparing reference images and utilizing the principle of minimum distance between matching points, the method achieves fast matching and determines the three-dimensional coordinates of marker points, enhancing measurement efficiency and robustness. This approach has been empirically tested on membrane structures, providing new insights. The results highlight that our novel algorithm can achieve high-precision measurements down to millimeters, and its accuracy increases with the actual displacement of the membrane structure. Notably, this groundbreaking measurement method remains unaffected by the form of the membrane surface, addressing a long-standing challenge in the field.
Investigating the bioactive compounds from Capsicum annum as a probable alternative therapy for prostate cancer treatment: a structure-based drug design approach
Authors: Abdul-Hammed Misbaudeen , Adedotun Ibrahim Olaide , Ismail Ubeydat Temitope , Ayankoso Saheed Ademola , Abdul-razaq Roqeebah , Olajide Monsurat , Lawal Teslim Alabi
Published: April 2024

Prostate cancer remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. Androgen receptor (AR) signaling plays a critical role in prostate cancer progression and is a primary target for therapy. This study investigates the potential of phytochemicals from Capsicum annuum (Bell pepper) along with two common standand drugs (Apalutamide and Enzalutamide) as inhibitors of the human androgen receptor (AR) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Utilizing computer-aided drug design techniques, molecular docking studies were conducted to evaluate the binding affinities of selected ligands against AR (PDB ID: 1XOW) and PSMA (PDB ID: 2XEI), their ADMET properties, drug-likeness, oral bioavailability, and bioactivity profiles were also examined. Coumaroylquinic acid and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl-ester emerged as top-performing ligands, demonstrating strong binding affinities of −9.4 kcal/mol and −9.2 kcal/mol, respectively, against PSMA. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations provided insights into the stability of protein-ligand complexes, with Coumaroylquinic acid exhibiting a stable binding conformation throughout the simulation. These findings suggest the potential of C. annuum phytochemicals, particularly Coumaroylquinic acid and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl-ester, as promising inhibitors of PSMA. Moreover, other ligands (Caffeoylglucoside and 1-O-galloyl-beta-d-glucose) identified in the study demonstrate interactions with AR, highlighting a multifaceted approach to prostate cancer treatment. Overall, this study underscores the potential of C. annuum phytochemicals as a source of novel therapeutic agents for prostate cancer, laying the groundwork for further lead optimization efforts.
Coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: clinical manifestations, maternal, and perinatal outcomes
Authors: Khaleel Asan , Alhur Nagham
Published: April 2024

Background and objective: The current COVID-19 pandemic has become a main health threat worldwide and concerns have been raised regarding the effect of the Covid-19 infection on the wellbeing of pregnant women and their unborn baby. This study aimed to determine the clinical manifestations in addition to maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19. Methods: A cross sectional study conducted in the Maternity Teaching Hospital and some private obstetric clinics in Erbil city/Kurdistan region, Iraq. The study started from the 1st April 2020 until the end of April of 2021. Seventy-one women who represent all infectedwithCOVID-19 during that period during pregnancy who were 16 years old or more were included in the study. Swabs were taken from nasopharynx by citoswab were diagnosed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain (qRT-PCR) at central laboratory of Erbil city/Iraq. The data were collected through direct interview with the patients using a special questionnaire, prepared for this purpose. Results: More than half (53.5%) of participants were 25-34 years old, 80.3% of women were housewives and 29.6% of them were illiterate. The majority (87.3%) of women did not have chronic illnesses and 43.7% of them were in second trimester during COVID-19 infection. The following symptoms were reported: fever (91.5%), cough (80.3%), headache (77.5%), weakness (73.2%), loss of smell (69%), aguesia (67.6%), sore throat (66.2%), arthralgia and myalgia (64.8%), flu like illness (62%), dyspnea (39.4 %), and diarrhea and/or vomiting (26.8%). The majority (84.51%) of women did notreport any fetal complications or none has happened and 1.4% of the fetuses suffered from fetal distress and FGR. Caesarean section was the commonest mode of delivery. A significant statistical association was found between age group and fetal complications suggesting that fetal complications increased with becoming older. Conclusion: Manifestations such as fever, sore throat, cough, headache, fatigue, loss of smell and taste, arthralgia and myalgia were commonly observed in Covid-19 pregnant patients. Cough was still the highest reported symptom followed by weakness and dyspnea even six months post Covid-19 infection. Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes were observed in pregnant patients infected with Covid-19.
Auditory encoding of natural speech at subcortical and cortical levels is not indicative of cognitive decline
Authors: Bolt Elena , Giroud Nathalie
Published: April 2024

More and more patients worldwide are diagnosed with dementia, which emphasizes the urgent need for early detection markers. In this study, we built on the auditory hypersensitivity theory of a previous study—which postulated that responses to auditory input in the subcortex as well as cortex are enhanced in cognitive decline—, and examined auditory encoding of natural continuous speech at both neural levels for its indicative potential for cognitive decline. We recruited study participants aged 60 years and older, who were divided into two groups based on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, one group with low scores (n = 19, participants with signs of cognitive decline), and a control group (n = 25). Participants completed an audiometric assessment and then we recorded their electroencephalography while they listened to an audiobook and click sounds. We derived Temporal Response Functions and evoked potentials from the data and examined response amplitudes for their potential to predict cognitive decline, controlling for age and hearing loss. Contrary to our expectations, no evidence of auditory hypersensitivity was observed in participants with signs of cognitive decline; response amplitudes were comparable in both cognitive groups. Moreover, the combination of response amplitudes showed no predictive value for cognitive decline. These results challenge the proposed hypothesis and emphasize the need for further research to identify reliable auditory markers for the early detection of cognitive decline.

Significance statementResearch on cognitive decline needs more studies uncovering markers for subtle neural changes in the pre-dementia stage. Neural markers for auditory processing have a potential that has not been widely explored in studies. Here, for the first time, we used natural, continuously spoken language to examine neural processing in two groups of older adults with and without cognitive decline. We quantified how well the brain tracks speech not only at the cortical but also at the subcortical level. In contrast to previous research suggesting that subcortical and cortical auditory responses are enhanced in cognitive decline, we found no group differences. We believe that this study represents an important contribution to the search for markers of cognitive health in old age.
Rethinking Schizophrenia in the field of primary care. Analysis of the movie “A Thread of Hope” (Out of Darkness), starring Diana Ross (1994)
Authors: Fernández Manuel Torres
Published: April 2024

Schizophrenia has traditionally been considered a serious and chronic mental illness, of a degenerative nature that ultimately leads to dementia. However, for a few decades now, malignancy's prognosis has been questioned, and we can see this eloquently in films such as A Beautiful Mind (2001), in which the mathematician John Nash recovers from his paranoid schizophrenia after thirty years of suffering from serious delusions, prominent hallucinations and intellectual disorders with the final achievement of the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1994 and in the film object of our analysis a medical student who, after 18 years of suffering from the same disease, is cured without sequelae through the administration of an experimental treatment, in this case clozapine. The purpose of our communication is to analyze the possibilities that the formulation of the General Health Law since 1986 has for the family doctor in Spain, which decreed the closure of the old asylums and the care of patients with mental health problems in their socio-familial environment and with the same rights as patients of other specialties, regarding the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of these pathologies.
Family functioning pattern and adolescent psychosocial health status: The study of secondary school students in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Bello CB , Ogunlade OB , Ogundare KI , Irinoye OO
Published: April 2024

Objectives: The study assessed the family functioning pattern and the psychosocial health status of in-school adolescents, with a view to determining the association between family functioning pattern and psychosocial health status of in-school-adolescents. This provided a basis for planning family oriented support services to enhance psychosocial health status of in-school adolescents. Study design: A descriptive cross-sectional design. Methods: Three hundred and thirty-five school-adolescents from public and private secondary schools in Ife Central LGA were selected using the proportionate systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected with the Family Assessment Device questionnaire and Youth self-reported Pediatric Symptom Checklist and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Findings showed that 53.7% of the participants had unhealthy family functioning pattern while 16.0% had impaired psychosocial status. There is a significant negative association between family functioning in problem solving dimension and psychosocial health status with a Beta coefficient (-1.120), Odd ratio=0.326 (95% CI 0.171 to 0.624). Conclusion: Majority of in-school adolescents had unhealthy family functioning pattern and one in six adolescents had impaired psychosocial health. There was a negative but significant association between the problem-solving dimension of family functioning and psychosocial health. Community health professionals should carry out preventive interventions among parents and adolescents in the community with adequate attention to all the dimensions of family functioning.
SEKOLAH RUMAH: ANTARA PENGUATAN KESALEHAN DAN PENUMBUHAN SIKAP INTOLERAN
Authors: Rohayati Tati , Muttaqin Zaenal
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This study discusses the relationship between Sekolah Rumah or homeschooling the relationship between strengthening piety and growing intolerant attitudes. The main question of this research is how does homeschool motivation in building pious characters in children coincide with the growth of intolerant attitudes in their awareness space? Through qualitative methods, with a phenomenological approach. This study identifies two models of home schools in Solo, and Jakarta, Depok, South Tangerang. This study found that homeschool education is a fertile ground for intolerant attitudes because children do not get along and only focus on the family environment. In addition, homeschooling is also a medium for strengthening children's piety according to the religious affiliation of their parents.Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas hubungan antara Sekolah Rumah atau homeschooling dengan penguatan kesalehan dan pertumbuhan sikap intoleran. Pertanyaan utama dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana motivasi homeschooling dalam membangun karakter saleh pada anak-anak bersamaan dengan pertumbuhan sikap intoleran dalam ruang kesadaran mereka? Melalui metode kualitatif, dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dua model sekolah rumah di Solo dan Jadetangsel (Jakarta, Depok, Tangerang Selata)n. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pendidikan homeschooling merupakan ladang yang subur untuk sikap intoleran karena anak-anak tidak bersosialisasi dan hanya fokus pada lingkungan keluarga. Selain itu, homeschooling juga menjadi medium untuk memperkuat kesalehan anak-anak sesuai dengan afiliasi keagamaan orang tua mereka.
La pandemia como pedagogía y el futuro de la educación
Authors: Imen Pablo Adrián
Published: April 2024

En el contexto de la pandemia por COVID–19 se intenta dar cuenta de los caminos que se bifurcan, en el campo de la educación, para los tiempos venideros. A nuestro juicio, la disputa entre la educación como derecho o como privilegio, en la etapa pospandémica, es el principal eje de controversia entre dos proyectos civilizatorios al que apuestan grandes bloques históricos, aunque sólo uno de ellos será el que logre imponerse al final de este camino. En este sentido, hemos querido ir un paso más allá de denunciar la injusta e intolerable propuesta neoliberal y de anunciar la exigencia de una concepción de educación comprendida como derecho. Nos pronunciamos por la emergencia de una educación radicalmente democrática, lo cual exigirá largos procesos de reinvención. De manera particular, en el actual escenario, reivindicamos una «pedagogía–tránsito», como construcción que hunde sus raíces en el pasado, hurga en las existencias del presente y mira al porvenir con esperanza activa y eficaz.
Stability and Deformation Criteria in Free Boundary CMC Immersions
Authors: Rodríguez Cárdenas Carlos Wilson
Published: April 2024

Let ∑n and M n+1 be smooth manifolds with smooth boundary. Given a free boundary constant mean curvature (CMC) immersion φ: ∑ → M, we found results related to the existence and uniqueness of a deformation family of φ, {φt}t ∈I , composed by free boundary CMC immersions. In addition, we give to some criteria of stability and unstability for this type of deformations. These results are obtained from properties of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Jacobi operator Jφ associated to φ and establishing conditions for this operator such as Dim(Ker(Jφ)) = 0, or if Dim(Ker(Jφ)) = 1 and, for f ∈ Ker(Jφ); f ≠ 0, ∫∑ volφ*(g) ≠ 0. The deformation family is unique up to diffeomorphisms.
Pt–Mo/MWCNT catalysts for desulfurization of extra-heavy crude oil at low temperature
Authors: Torres-Santillan Esther , Ortega-Aviles Mayahuel , Capula-Colindres Selene , Teran Gerardo , Reza-San German Carmen M. , Rojas-Valencia Oscar G.
Published: April 2024

Pt–Mo nanoparticles supported by MWCNT were synthesized by wet impregnation and applied to desulfurize extra-heavy crude oil. Structural, morphological, and chemical characterizations confirmed uniform dispersion of Pt and Mo on MWCNT surfaces. The Pt–Mo nanoparticles had crystallite sizes ranging from 1.7 to 28 nm. The catalysts were used in the aquathermolysis of UTSIL crude oil, showing good stability and activity. Sulfur was reduced by 50% at 50°C and 80% at 100°C. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed the formation of hydrogenated aromatic rings and a decrease in sulfonic groups during desulfurization.

Graphical abstract
Las «contramedidas de terceros» (evolución del concepto a la luz de la práctica internacional)
Authors: Gutiérrez-Espada Cesáreo
Published: April 2024

La presente Nota pretende sentar la evolución que el concepto de las contramedidas «de terceros» o «colectivas» ha sufrido desde 2001, año en el que la Comisión de Derecho Internacional se negó a adoptar una norma de lege ferenda reconociendo, al menos en ciertos supuestos, su conformidad con el Derecho Internacional, prefiriendo adoptar, en su Proyecto de artículos sobre la responsabilidad del Estado por hechos ilícitos, una disposición en la que dejaba la cuestión en manos del Derecho Internacional y de su futura evolución al respecto. Evolución que puede, probablemente reflejarse en un documento del Servicio Exterior de la Unión Europea, adoptado a finales de 2022, sobre las contramedidas. Hoy, por fin, ha quedada reconocida la conformidad con el Derecho Internacional de las contramedidas colectivas al menos en los casos de violación de normas imperativas o de ius cogens. Y creo sinceramente que ha sido la guerra de Ucrania, y las medidas contra Rusia y en apoyo de Ucrania adoptadas por Occidente, un factor clave en esta evolución.
La esclavitud sexual y el matrimonio forzado en el Derecho internacional
Authors: Major-Montesinos Daniela
Published: April 2024

A lo largo de los años se ha demostrado la dificultad de enjuiciar los crímenes internacionales de naturaleza sexual, en especial, el crimen de esclavitud sexual y la práctica de los matrimonios forzados, en contextos de conflicto armado, por los tribunales internacionales. El presente artículo analiza la diferente jurisprudencia de los tribunales internacionales relativa al crimen de esclavitud sexual y a la práctica de los matrimonios forzados.
Urbaneja Cillán, Jorge. La crisis del Estado de Derecho en los Estados Miembros de la Unión Europea. Aranzadi, Cizur Menor (Navarra), 2023, 342 pp.
Authors: Cervell-Hortal María-José
Published: April 2024

Book Review
JUST-IN-TIME VULNERABILITY DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION
Authors: Vo Hieu Dinh
Published: April 2024

Software vulnerabilities have increased dramatically, and multiple severe attacks have occurred in recent years. This poses a critical challenge for early detection and prevention of vulnerabilities in Software Quality Assurance. This paper introduces a novel framework, JULY, which serves the dual purpose of detecting vulnerable commits and localizing the root causes of the vulnerabilities. The fundamental concept of JULY is that the determinant of the vulnerability of a commit is the inherent meaning embedded in its changed code. For just-in-time vulnerability detection (JIT-VD ), JULY represents each commit by a Code Transformation Graph and employs a Graph Neural Network model to capture their meanings and distinguish between vulnerable and non-vulnerable commits. Once a commit is detected as vulnerable, it is passed to the just-in-time vulnerability localization (JIT-VL ) model to localize the root causes, which are vulnerable changed statements. In JIT-VL , JULY encodes each statement by the following features: operation, context, and topic. Then, JULY measures the suspiciousness score of each changed statement and ranks them based on their scores. To evaluate the effectiveness of JULY, we conducted several experiments using a dataset consisting of 20,274 commits in 506 C/C++ projects. JULY achieves a remarkable improvement of 95% in Top-1 ACC and 63% in MRR compared to the state-of-the-art approaches. Furthermore, when examining the same portion (i.e., 20%) of modified statements in each commit, JULY can find twice as many vulnerable statements within a given commit as the state-of-the-art approaches.
A Modular Cloning Toolkit for the production of recombinant proteins in Leishmania tarentolae
Authors: Hieronimus Katrin , Donauer Tabea , Klein Jonas , Hinkel Bastian , Spänle Julia Vanessa , Probst Anna , Niemeyer Justus , Kibrom Salina , Kiefer Anna Maria , Schneider Luzia , Husemann Britta , Bischoff Eileen , Möhring Sophie , Bayer Nicolas , Klein Dorothée , Engels Adrian , Ziehmer Benjamin Gustav , Stieß Julian , Moroka Pavlo , Schroda Michael , Deponte Marcel
Published: April 2024

Modular Cloning (MoClo) is based on libraries of standardized genetic parts that can be directionally assembled via Golden Gate cloning in one-pot reactions into transcription units and multigene constructs. Here, a team of bachelor students established a MoClo toolkit for the protist Leishmania tarentolae in the frame of the international Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition. Our modular toolkit is based on a domesticated version of a commercial LEXSY expression vector and comprises 34 genetic parts encoding various affinity tags, targeting signals as well as fluorescent and luminescent proteins. We demonstrated the utility of our kit by the successful production of 16 different tagged versions of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in L. tarentolae liquid cultures. While highest yields of secreted recombinant RBD were obtained for GST-tagged fusion proteins 48 h post induction, C-terminal peptide tags were often degraded and resulted in lower yields of secreted RBD. Fusing secreted RBD to a synthetic O-glycosylation SP20 module resulted in an apparent molecular mass shift around 10 kDa. No disadvantage regarding the production of RBD was detected when the three antibiotics of the LEXSY system were omitted during the 48-h induction phase. Furthermore, the successful purification of secreted RBD from the supernatant of L. tarentolae liquid cultures was demonstrated in pilot experiments. In summary, we established a MoClo toolkit and exemplified its application for the production of recombinant proteins in L. tarentolae.
Myocardial infarction in a young woman without cardiovascular risk factors: a case report
Authors: Nenakhova E. A. , Bikbaeva G. R. , Tukhbatova A. A. , Eminova O. D. , Kovalskaya A. N. , Kostareva A. A. , Duplyakov D. V.
Published: April 2024

Myocardial infarction usually occurs in people over 50 years of age, but younger patients can also be affected. The article presents a case of a young patient, 34 years old, who was admitted to the cardiology department with a diagnosis of lowrisk non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. The patient complained of anginal pain that occurred for the first time. However, she did not have typical risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Coronary angiography showed a critical stenosis of 99% in the proximal third of the 2nd segment of the right coronary artery. A case clearly demonstrates the importance of a thorough examination of young patients with complaints of chest pain, which is often mistakenly interpreted as a pathology of other organs and systems other than the cardiovascular one. No risk factors in a patient does not guarantee low risk of myocardial infarction, and a detailed examination of the patient will help to avoid underdiagnosis of acute coronary syndrome.
Using machine learning algorithms for predicting bridge vertical deflection
Authors: Ha Hoang , Nguyen Dam Duc , Manh Le Van , Hiep Le Van , Pham Binh Thai
Published: April 2024

Machine learning (ML) is being increasingly used to ease structural health monitoring and management of bridges. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to apply two state-of-the-art ML algorithms, namely locally weighted learning (LWL) and K-Star for the prediction of vertical deflection of composite bridges. To accomplish the objective, 83 track loading tests were carried out at various bridges located in Vietnam and deflection data was collected for models’ development. Model's validation and comparison were carried out using different popular methods, namely mean absolute error, root mean squared error and R on both training (70%) and validation (30%) datasets. The results of this study indicate that the K-Star algorithm outperforms LWL in predicting the vertical deflection of composite bridges. Consequently, K-Star can serve as an effective tool for rapidly predicting vertical deflection, thereby facilitating more efficient bridge health monitoring and management. This efficiency can lead to significant time and cost savings in maintaining the structural integrity of composite bridges.
Milesian Rewritings of the Annunciation to the Virgin in ‘The Martyr’s Crown’ via Petronius, Dante, and Shakespeare
Authors: Fuchs Dieter
Published: April 2024

Reading ‘The Martyr’s Crown’ as a parody of the Biblical Annunciation to the Virgin Mary, this article presents a previously unrecognised intertextual source to which the title of Brian Nolan’s story alludes: the liturgy of the Roman Catholic mass celebrated on the memorial day of Our Lady of Sorrows. As will be shown, this liturgical source serves as a key for an additional cluster of three interrelated literary echoes in Nolan’s short story.
First, ‘The Martyr’s Crown’ is discussed as an ironic rewriting of the Biblical Annunciation story via the Mock-Marian imagery featured in the Paolo and Francesca da Rimini episode of the Divina Commedia – an indecent story or fabliau inserted in Dante’s epic framework. Secondly, Nolan’s tale is examined as a rewriting of the Biblical Annunciation story via Ophelia-related passages from Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Thirdly, the story is approached as a rewriting of the ancient tradition of the naughty Milesian tale, as reflected in the ‘Widow of Ephesus’ episode inserted in Petronius’s Satyricon.
Within the frame of ‘The Martyr’s Crown,’ the fabliaux- and Milesian tale-inspired mockery of the Biblical Annunciation to the Virgin recurs in the embedded narrative of the widow Mrs Clougherty told by the unreliable narrator Mr Toole. Finally, the article shows how this intertextual cluster is queered in the narrative situation of ‘The Martyr’s Crown.’
Familia y escuela: límites y posibilidades en la construcción de vínculos educativos
Authors: Franco Marín Karla Viviana , Orrego Noreña Jhon Fredy
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender los límites y posibilidades de la familia para vincularse a la escuela, partiendo de que esta relación ha sido asunto de discusión en diferentes contextos de la vida cotidiana, tanto en ámbitos académicos como legislativos. La creciente demanda de funciones formativas por parte del entorno educativo ha generado la necesidad de una interacción conjunta.La metodología se abordó desde el método hermenéutico, utilizando entrevistas en profundidad para la recolección de datos. El estudio se realizó con 10 familias cuyos hijos se encuentran estudiando en instituciones educativas del área urbana de la ciudad de Manizales. A través de los testimonios recolectados, se pudo concluir que existen diversas formas de abordar esta relación, no obstante, las estrategias educativas se convierten en una mediación para realizar este ejercicio que evoluciona a través de las realidades históricas. La familia y la escuela deben actuar de manera coordinada, compartiendo expectativas, metas, objetivos y construyendo las estrategias y el camino para trabajar de la mano, por consiguiente, no pueden actuar de manera aislada. Ambas instituciones son responsables del proceso educativo de los niños, niñas y adolescentes y su papel consiste en formar, orientar, acompañar, guiar y satisfacer las necesidades básicas, afectivas y protectoras.
LOCUS STANDI IN IUDICIO – THE RIGHT OF A PARENT TO CLAIM MAINTENANCE ON BEHALF OF AN ADULT DEPENDENT CHILD Z v Z 2022 (5) SA 451 (SCA)
Authors: Razaana Denson  , Glynis van der Walt
Published: April 2024

This matter dealt with an appeal to the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) from the Eastern Cape Local Division of the High Court in respect of a claim for maintenance by one parent on behalf of the adult dependent children against the other parent. The facts of the case were as follows. Mrs Z (the mother) and Mr Z (the father) were married on 10 January 1995. Two children were born of the marriage. The marriage deteriorated and Mr and Mrs Z separated for a period. Both parents continued to support their children financially. Mr Z had been maintaining the children by depositing amounts directly into their individual bank accounts. The marriage relationship between mother and father deteriorated, resulting in Mrs Z initiating divorce proceedings and claiming from Mr Z, inter alia, maintenance for herself and the two major and financially dependent children. Although they were majors, in that they were both over the age of 18, the children were financially dependent on their parents at the time of the divorce. The daughter (B) was a student and unemployed. As part of her studies, she was required to do practical training and received remuneration from time to time for the work she did for a social media company. Notwithstanding these efforts to maintain herself, B remained financially dependent on her parents. Insofar as the adult dependent son (R) was concerned, he was mobile only by means of an electric wheelchair owing to injuries sustained in a motor car accident. Despite obtaining a probationary internship in January 2021, R was still financially dependent on his parents. Owing to his injuries, it was uncertain whether he would be able to continue working as the work required long hours of sitting which caused him to suffer pressure sores, making prolonged sitting impossible.In defending the action, Mr Z raised a special plea, claiming that Mrs Z could not lodge a claim for maintenance on behalf of the children born of the marriage, since they were both adults and, therefore, had the necessary capacity to claim maintenance on their own behalf (Z v Z par 2). As a result, Mr Z contended that Mrs Z lacked the locus standi in iudicio to initiate a claim on behalf of the major children.
Decoloniality and Russian Music: Finno-Ugric Legacies in Contemporary St. Petersburg
Authors: Shatilova Anya
Published: April 2024

This article presents two case studies examining the musical groups Talomerkit and Ingervala in the context of the late Soviet and post-Soviet reawakening of Finno-Ugric culture in St. Petersburg, Russia. Coming from different ethnic backgrounds, these two groups demonstrate different ways of engaging with local Finno-Ugric traditions. While Talomerkit uses a so-called tradition-based approach with minimal alteration of primary material, Ingervala looks for alternative stylistic choices through electric instruments and electronic sounds. Based on my fieldwork done in June 2018 and May 2019, I present ethnographic observations about Talomerkit and Ingervala’s musical activities and focus on issues related to the repatriation of Finno-Ugric musical heritage to a local community in St. Petersburg after the interruption of these traditional musical practices during the Soviet period. By using ethnomusicological approaches of decolonization, my aim is to foreground the voices of artists and activists who engage with the legacy of a small, non-Slavic Finno-Ugric population indigenous to the lands of present-day St. Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast. I argue that those autochthonous perspectives are instrumental in challenging the cultural discourse in Anglophone Russian music studies, which predominantly focuses on musical knowledge production through the lens of the Slavic population.
Toxic Blue-Green Algal Blooms in Keban Dam Lake and Lake Hazar
Authors: Şen Bülent , Sönmez Feray
Published: April 2024

The blue-green algae are main members of summer phytoplankton in Keban Dam Lake and to some extent in Lake Hazar. Sporadic occurrences of Microcystis aeruginosa blooms were noticable in Keban Dam Lake whilst blooms of Nodularia spumigena was characteristic in Lake Hazar. Three variants of cyanotoxin namely microcystin-RR, microcystin-YR and microcystin-LR were analyzed in Keban Dam Lake only during M.aeruginosa blooms. Their concentrations were determined in the range of microcystin-RR 0.27-1.12 µg L-1; microcystin-YR 0.12-0.54 µg/L and microcystin-LR 0.27-1.15 µg/L respectively. Chlorophyll a concentrations were found to range 16-20 µg L-1 and 32-36 µg L-1 during two blooms of M. aeruginosa. Nodularia spumigena appeared in the first week of june (2010) with a biomass of 1.368 mg L-1 and it proliferated rapidly giving rise to a bloom within two weeks in Hazar Lake. The bloom lasted nearly four weeks and maximum biomass was recorded as 28.4 mgL-1. Chlorophyll a concentration was found to be 12-14 µg L-1 in the first two weeks of the active multiplication period and increased up to 21-24 µg L-1 at the maximum bloom level. Nodularin (toxin of N. spumigena) was detected in the samples with concentrations varied between 42.3 and 607 µgL-1.
Understanding How Parasites from Farmed Fish May Influence Wild Fish Declines Using Epidemiological Modelling
Authors: Çilli Esat
Published: April 2024

Beside various fields of its applications, in this study epidemiological modelling was used to understand how parasites from farmed fish may cause wild fish declines. Two separate strategic models were constructed addressing the transmission of micro-parasites and macro-parasites between farmed and wild fish: A SIR (Susceptible-Infective-Removed) model for micro-parasite infections and a compartmental density-dependent model for macro-parasite infestations. The results indicated that parasites originated in wild fish populations, after infecting farmed fish can cause epizootics. Subsequently, these parasites can be transmitted from farmed to wild fish and might have negative impact on the dynamics of wild fish populations. Sensitivity analysis of the basic model parameters in both models showed that model parameters, which are influenced by abiotic factors and allow passive manipulation, such as pathogen specific transmission rate (β), pathogen specific transmission rate between infected farmed and susceptible wild fish (δ), the rate of production of infective stages by an adult parasite (λ) and transmission rate between host and parasite infective stages (β) are more sensitive compared to model parameters which encompass chemical control and fallowing. This emphasizes the importance of the preventive medicine rather than intervention procedures in aquaculture aiming at eradicating epizootics caused by parasites and protecting wild fish stocks.
Occupational patterns of opioid-related harms comparing a cohort of formerly injured workers to the general population in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Carnide Nancy , Feng Gregory , Song Chaojie , Demers Paul A. , MacLeod Jill S. , Sritharan Jeavana
Published: April 2024

Objectives

The role of work-related injuries as a risk factor for opioid-related harms has been hypothesized, but little data exist to support this relationship. The objective was to compare the incidence of opioid-related harms among a cohort of formerly injured workers to the general population in Ontario, Canada.

Methods

Workers’ compensation claimants (1983–2019) were linked to emergency department (ED) and hospitalization records (2006–2020). Incident rates of opioid-related poisonings and mental and behavioural disorders were estimated among 1.7 million workers and in the general population. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, adjusting for age, sex, year, and region.

Results

Compared to the general population, opioid-related poisonings among this group of formerly injured workers were elevated in both ED (SIR = 2.41, 95% CI = 2.37–2.45) and hospitalization records (SIR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.50–1.59). Opioid-related mental and behavioural disorders were also elevated compared to the general population (ED visits: SIR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.83–1.89; hospitalizations: SIR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.38–1.47). Most occupations and industries had higher risks of harm compared to the general population, particularly construction, materials handling, processing (mineral, metal, chemical), and machining and related occupations. Teaching occupations displayed decreased risks of harm.

Conclusion

Findings support the hypothesis that work-related injuries have a role as a preventable risk factor for opioid-related harms. Strategies aimed at primary prevention of occupational injuries and secondary prevention of work disability and long-term opioid use are warranted.
Regulation of TGF-β2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy in lens epithelial cells by the miR-492/NPM1 axis
Authors: Bao Yanqiong , Ding Guangjie , Yu Haiqing , He Yawei , Wu Jiayan
Published: April 2024

A cataract is a clinically common blinding disease closely related to the ageing of the eye cells, which has become a major health killer in the elderly. Our research seeks to analyze the primary targets linked to the pathogenesis of cataracts during the ageing process. We performed bioinformatics analyses on the GSE101727 dataset to discover genes linked with ageing and cataracts. To explore the impacts of Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) on cell apoptosis, proliferation, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes, in vitro tests such as western blotting, flow cytometry, and MTT were carried out. Additionally, the study incorporated transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2) to examine its function in cellular responses, chloroquine (CQ) to regulate autophagic flow, and H2O2 therapy to mimic oxidative stress. Our study discovered seven ageing-related genes, including NPM1, that had substantial relationships with cataracts. NPM1 overexpression was shown to boost cell proliferation and prevent apoptosis in SRA01/04 cells. Notably, NPM1 modulated the TGF-β signalling pathway, influencing cell proliferation and EMT processes. miR-429 was shown to be adversely regulating NPM1 and autophagy-related proteins, as demonstrated by changes in their expression in response to TGF-β2 treatment. Furthermore, NPM1 knockdown restored autophagy activity suppressed by miR-429 mimics, indicating a complex interaction of miR-429, NPM1, and TGF-β2 pathways in regulating autophagy and EMT. Lens epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis were largely regulated by NPM1, as well as autophagy and EMT, which were significantly mediated by TGF-β2 and the miR-429/NPM1 axis. These results imply new possible targets for prognosis and therapy of cataracts.
Factors and Conditions for the Manifestation of Proactive Behavior in Children Participating in the NTI-Club Movement
Authors: Goshin Mikhail E. , Sorokin Pavel S.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the types, features, conditions and factors of proactive behavior (agency) of children engaged in various practices of the NTI-Club Movement of Russia. The empirical basis for qualitative sociological analysis was the materials (transcripts) of 53 interviews conducted with schoolchildren participating in the NTI-Club Movement from 2019 to 2022. It is shown that the majority of respondents manifest different levels and forms of agency, including "autonomous", when the subject becomes the initiator of proactive action and "cooperative", manifested in the form of searching and joining a team of like-minded people, or creating organized teams and groups. The main factors contributing to the formation of proactive behavior are the favorable educational environment, the support of the immediate environment, primarily family and parents, as well as classmates, friends and teammates. An important role is that of a mentor, a professional in his field, which consists in introducing the child to certain resources where he/her can independently search for information, inspire and motivate the child.  It was important to reveal the detached parental position, which leads to two possible variants of the child's development: either unwillingness to do anything, or development and implementation despite the lack of parental support. The main external barriers hindering the implementation of agency are the school, which puts forward formal educational requirements, as well as the strictly controlling, limiting position of parents. Internal barriers are lack of motivation, uncertainty and fear of the future, as well as the need to overcome one's own inertia. The important fixation of the interview was the idea about two basic motives for the development of proactive behavior (agency). One is a focus on personal well-being, and the other is a public good, which as a rule do not contradict each other, can complement each other, be implemented jointly.
Integration of imaging modalities in the diagnosis and management of infective endocarditis
Authors: Gotuzzo Irene , Vai Paola , Erba Paola A.
Published: April 2024

L’endocardite infettiva (EI) è una malattia complessa e pericolosa per la vita che coinvolge il cuore e spesso si presenta con complicanze multiorgano. La sua prognosi dipende in larga misura da una diagnosi tempestiva e da una gestione terapeutica aggressiva e mirata, che combini sia la terapia antibiotica medica che la chirurgia cardiaca precoce. Tuttavia, la diagnosi di EI è decisamente impegnativa e, sebbene l’ecocardiografia rimanga la prima scelta, presenta ancora alcune importanti limitazioni, soprattutto nei casi di EI di protesi valvolari o di infezione di dispositivi elettronici impiantabili cardiaci. Negli ultimi anni altre modalità di imaging (tomografia computerizzata, risonanza magnetica, tecniche di imaging nucleare) sono diventate più ampiamente disponibili e tecnologicamente avanzate, e la loro applicazione nel rilevamento di lesioni correlate a EI sia cardiache che extra-cardiache ha acquisito maggiore importanza. Le ultime linee guida ESC 2023 affrontano l’uso dell’approccio di imaging multimodale nel campo dell’EI e l’importanza della presenza di un team di specialisti dedicati in grado di valutare correttamente gli scenari più difficili.
Mitral annular disjunction: real anatomical anomaly or misclassification matter
Authors: Stella Stefano , Agricola Eustachio
Published: April 2024

La disgiunzione mitro-anulare è definita come il dislocamento atriale del punto di inserzione del lembo posteriore con l’anello mitralico, rispetto al miocardio ventricolare. Questo aspetto anatomico, ampiamente studiato e comunemente considerato come una anomalia, è stato associato alla disfunzione anulare in termini di paradossa espansione sistolica dell’anello mitralico e ai fenomeni degenerativi implicati nel prolasso mitralico a carico dei lembi, della parete muscolare e dei muscoli papillari (fibrosi) e ai fenomeni aritmici ventricolari potenzialmente maligni talora associati. Tutti queste implicazioni patogenetiche rendono la disgiunzione mitro-anulare potenzialmente il nesso mancante tra il prolasso mitralico e gli eventi avversi nel contesto del complesso scenario del prolasso mitralico aritmico e della morte cardiaca improvvisa, in questa popolazione di pazienti. Tuttavia, la disgiunzione mitro-anulare non sembra essere una caratteristica esclusiva della patologia del prolasso mitralico quanto piuttosto un aspetto anatomico di comune riscontro anche nella popolazione sana, riducendo in questo modo la disgiunzione stessa ad una variante anatomica piuttosto che una reale anomalia anatomica coinvolta in molteplici meccanismi morfo-patogenetici. Inoltre, recentemente in letteratura è stata messa in discussione la definizione di disgiunzione comunemente accettata e la sua interpretazione nel contesto del prolasso mitralico, con ovvie potenziali implicazioni riguardo la sua errata classificazione in questa popolazione di pazienti. Conseguentemente, nonostante per la maggior parte della comunità scientifica la disgiunzione mitro-anulare sia considerata come una anomalia anatomica coinvolta nel prolasso mitralico, le questioni e le controversie restano molteplici, in particolar modo riguardo le sue reali implicazioni fisiopatologiche, la sua definizione più corretta, le metodiche di imaging più appropriate per valutarla ed in ultima analisi la sua correlazione con il prolasso mitralico e la morte cardiaca improvvisa. Il problema fondamentale, infatti, resta comprendere la reale associazione tra disgiunzione mitro-anulare e prognosi avversa, cioè se vi è un effettivo nesso di causalità o la disgiunzione risulta un “innocente spettatore” nel contesto del prolasso mitralico. In considerazione delle ancora irrisolte controversie in termini di corretta diagnosi di disgiunzione, di fisiopatologia e di implicazioni sulla prognosi, anche la sua appropriata gestione terapeutica risulta relativamente poco chiara e dibattuta. Questo articolo ha l’obiettivo di revisionare criticamente la letteratura in merito alla disgiunzione mitro-anulare in termini di storia, definizione, prevalenza, fisiopatologia, implicazioni cliniche e di imaging e controversie sull’argomento.
Fecal Output Protocol v1
Authors: Hamilton Adam , N Krout Ian , Sampson Tim
Published: April 2024

This assay is used to quantify the number of fecal pellets produced over a short periodof time, which serves as a measure of colonic motility. Mice are placed into individual clear plastic beakers and the number of fecal pellets in the container are counted every 5 minutes over a 30 minute period.
Persona Knowledge Extraction from Dialog Data in Russian Language
Authors:   ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Posokhov P. A. , Rudaleva E. A. ,   ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Skrylnikov S. S. ,   ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Makhnytkina O. V. ,   ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kabarov V. I. ,   ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the joint application of linguistic rules and machine learning models to solve the problem of knowledge extraction from dialog data in Russian. Linguistic rules based on morphological, syntactic and grammatical features are used for automatic markup of the training dataset. The neural network model based on the T5 architecture was trained in multitasking mode, which implied solving the following tasks: a) answer generation based on the dialog history and the facts about the agent's persona found relevant to this history; b) extraction of facts about the persona using the generation method based on the last replica of the agent. The Toloka Persona Chat Rus dataset was used for the experiments. The metrics of both approaches show their applicability to the Russian language, for which no studies have been conducted before.