bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Debate Training on Argumentation Skills: The Developmental Process for Japanese College Students
Authors: Mika Nakano , Ichi Maruno Shun’
Published: January 2014

How do students acquire argumentation skills through debating? Although attempts have long been made to answer this question, a common limitation of previous studies is the tendency to ignore the potential of college students who learn how to argue in a community of practice. Cultural difference is also an important theme in argumentation studies, as individuals and a community co-construct the quality of their arguments. In Japanese education, argument is rarely taught in classes. Nakano (2007) pointed out that Japanese students tend to hesitate when arguing with friends, and are low in approach argumentativeness and high in avoidance argumentativeness, compared to other Asian countries. Parliamentary Debate (PD) is most popular and is effective for novice learners of argument (Inoue & Nakano, 2006). Every stage of debating, such as preparation, debate rounds, reflection and so on, forms a cyclic learning system, and this functions as an ideal community of practice (Lave & Wenger, 1991). The present study aims at exploring how members of a community acquire argumentation skills through debating. First, we identify patterns of argument produced in the community during a session. Second, we analyse transitional patterns, focusing on individual differences. In order to teach reasoning and persuasion to those who are especially unwilling to oppose someone, we need to have them realize their improvement with confidence by reducing their mental blocks.
Managing Relational Legacies: Lessons from British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Baba Sofiane , Raufflet Emmanuel
Published: January 2014

Issues related to company-community relations and the social license to operate have emerged as strategic business issues. This paper aims to contribute to the growing body of research on long-term company-community relations. An analysis of the relationship between Alcan (Aluminum of Canada, Montréal, Canada part of Rio Tinto since 2007) with the Cheslatta Carrier First Nation in the Kemano-Kitimat area of northern British Columbia, Canada, provides three contributions. The first is related to the notion of relational legacy, which refers to the sedimentation of unresolved issues that have the potential to impede the realization of corporate activities and the reproduction of low levels of social license to operate. The second concerns stakeholder management. While the literature suggests that stakeholders should be managed by companies according to the degree of salience, this analysis suggests that researchers and managers should consider the evolution of the environmental context in their analyses. Third, the analysis suggests that small or marginalized groups, depicted by the stakeholder management literature as dormant stakeholders, should not be underestimated.
Eco-Friendly Nets and Floating Row Covers Reduce Pest Infestation and Improve Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Yields for Smallholder Farmers in Kenya
Authors: Gogo Elisha , Saidi Mwanarusi , Itulya Francis , Martin Thibaud , Ngouajio Mathieu
Published: January 2014

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable for supplying vitamins, minerals and fiber in human diets worldwide. Successful open field production of tomato in the tropics is limited by insect pests among other constraints. Two trials were conducted at the Horticulture Research and Teaching Field, Egerton University, Kenya with the objective of evaluating the effects of agricultural nets (agronets) herein called eco-friendly nets (EFNs) and floating row covers (FRCs) on pest population and yield of tomatoes. A randomized complete block design with five replications was used. Tomato plants were protected with either fine mesh EFN (0.4-mm pore diameter), large mesh EFN (0.9-mm pore diameter) or FRC. The EFN and FRC were maintained permanently closed or opened thrice a week from 9 am to 3 pm. Two control treatments were used: open unsprayed (untreated control) or open and sprayed with alpha-cypermethrin based insecticide (treated control). The use of EFN and FRC helped to manage pests with the lowest pest population obtained under FRC maintained permanently covered and the highest population recorded in the untreated control. Covering tomato plants with EFN or FRC also resulted in more marketable fruit and lower yield losses compared with the unprotected systems. The EFN and FRC offer great potential as part of integrated systems for pest management and yield improvement in tomato production in regions with a tropical climate.
Innovative Promotion of Renewable Energy Development for Challenging Sustainable Low-Carbon Society: Case Study of Pingtung County, Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Wen-Tien
Published: January 2014

Pingtung County, located in the southernmost part of Taiwan, has been selected as one of the Smarter Cities Challenge by the International Business Machines (IBM) in 2013 due to its innovative promotion for renewable energy exploitation in recent years. In this regard, the objective of this paper will be to present an in-depth analysis of the success of environmental sustainability efforts through aggressive measures and profitable plans by this tropical county. The description in the paper is, thus, summarized on the central regulations and economic measures for promoting renewable energy in Taiwan, focusing on the feed-in tariff (FIT). Then, some innovative promotion plans for renewable energy in Pinugtung County, including swine-derived biogas-to-power and “Raise Water, Grow Electricity”, were further addressed to show the preliminary results under the funding supports of the central and local governments. With a practical basis of the total swine population (around 433,000 heads), from the farm scale of over 5,000 heads in Pingtung County, a preliminary analysis showed the annual benefits: methane reduction of 2.2 Gg, electricity generation of 8.3 × 106 kilowatt-hour (kW-h), equivalent electricity charge saving of 8.3 × 105 US Dollar (USD), and equivalent carbon dioxide mitigation of 50.9 thousand tons (Gg).
Anthropometric and Health-Related Behavioral Factors in the Explanation of Social Inequalities in Low Birth Weight in Children with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
Authors: Pfinder Manuela
Published: January 2014

There is evidence for social inequalities in the health status of children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). This study aimed to describe social inequalities in low birth weight (LBW) in children/adolescents with PAE and to examine the contribution of anthropometric and health-related behavioral factors to the explanation of social inequalities. A total of 2,159 participants with parental self-reported moderate to regular PAE (enrolled in the cross-sectional German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents) were examined. At similar levels of PAE, the risk of LBW was significantly increased in subjects with a low socioeconomic status (SES) (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.59, 4.86) and middle SES (adjusted OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.28, 3.24). Maternal height, maternal body mass index (BMI) and smoking during pregnancy mediated the association. The mediating effect of maternal height was 12.5% to 33.7%. Maternal BMI explained 7.9% of the socioeconomic difference in LBW between the high and low SES groups in children with PAE. The mediating effect of smoking during pregnancy was 17.3% to 31.5%. Maternal height, maternal BMI and smoking during pregnancy together explained 24.4% to 60.1% of the socioeconomic differences in LBW in children with PAE. A large proportion of the socioeconomic differences in LBW in children with PAE can be attributed to anthropometric and health-related behavioral factors.
Cellulase Activity Screening Using Pure Carboxymethylcellulose: Application to Soluble Cellulolytic Samples and to Plant Tissue Prints
Authors: Johnsen Hanne , Krause Kirsten
Published: January 2014

Reliable, rapid and inexpensive detection of cellulolytic enzymes that can be used for a wide variety of biological and environmental samples are currently in high demand. Here, a new cellulase detection protocol is described that circumvents problems observed with popular agar-based methods by exploiting the ability of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to form gel-like surfaces on its own. These pure CMC-layers are sensitive to cellulolytic degradation and stainable by Gram’s iodine without showing unwelcome reactions with other enzymes. The staining intensity negatively correlates with the enzyme activity and can be used for quantification. Cellulase activities are not obstructed by high sugar contents (e.g., in plant material) which limit the applicability of other quantification methods, making our new method particularly attractive for screening of plant extracts. A useful variant of this new method is its applicability to plant tissue prints for spatial mapping of the cellulolytic activity in a zymogram-like fashion.
NOAA’s Nested Northern Gulf of Mexico Operational Forecast Systems Development
Authors: Wei Eugene , Zhang Aijun , Yang Zizang , Chen Yi , Kelley John , Aikman Frank , Cao Degui
Published: January 2014

The NOAA National Ocean Service’s (NOS) Northern Gulf of Mexico Operational Forecast System (NGOFS) became operational in March 2012. Implemented with the Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) as its core three-dimensional oceanographic circulation model, NGOFS produces a real-time nowcast (−6 h to zero) and six-hourly, two-day forecast guidance for water levels and three-dimensional currents, water temperature and salinity over the northern Gulf of Mexico continental shelf. Designed as a regional scale prediction system, NGOFS lacks sufficient spatial coverage and/or resolution to fully resolve hydrodynamic features in critical seaports and estuaries. To overcome this shortcoming and better support the needs of marine navigation, emergency response, and environmental management, two FVCOM-based, high-resolution, estuary-scale nested forecast modeling systems, namely the Northwest and Northeast Gulf of Mexico Operational Forecast Systems (NWGOFS and NEGOFS), have been developed through one-way nesting in NGOFS. Using the atmospheric forecast guidance from the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)/NWS (National Weather Services)’ North American Mesoscale (NAM) Forecast System, US Geological Survey (USGS) river discharge observations, and the NGOFS water level, current, water temperature and salinity as the surface, river, and open ocean boundary forcing, respectively, a six-month model hindcast for the period October 2010–March 2011 has been conducted. Modeled water levels, currents, salinity and water temperature are compared with observations using the NOS standard skill assessment software. Skill assessment scores indicated that NWGOFS and NEGOFS demonstrate improvement over NGOFS. The NWGOFS and NEGOFS are under real-time nowcast/forecast test and evaluation by NOS’s Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). The forecast systems are scheduled to be implemented operational on NOAA Weather & Climate Operational Supercomputing System (WCOSS) in June 2014.
Comparative Genomics Identifies a Potential Marker of Human-Virulent Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Authors: Al-Khedery Basima , Barbet Anthony
Published: January 2014

We have previously described a comparative genome analysis of nine strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum that showed similarity between strains infecting humans and U.S. dogs and a more distant relationship with horse and ruminant strains. This suggested that it may be possible to distinguish human-infective strains using simple DNA sequence-based diagnostic tests. This would be of epidemiologic significance in identifying and tracking the presence of virulent strains in tick vector populations. Further analysis identified a gene that was present in several strains, including U.S. Ap-variant 1 (ruminant), MRK (horse), and European sheep, but was deleted in strains infecting U.S. humans and dogs, suggesting that it could be a useful marker of human virulence. A simple PCR test was developed to identify the presence/absence of this gene. The PCR test discriminated A. phagocytophilum strains from clinically affected humans and U.S. dogs from the strains more distantly related in genome sequence. This warrants further testing of globally diverse A. phagocytophilum strains to examine world-wide conservation of this gene.
Mapping Forest Degradation due to Selective Logging by Means of Time Series Analysis: Case Studies in Central Africa
Authors: Hirschmugl Manuela , Steinegger Martin , Gallaun Heinz , Schardt Mathias
Published: January 2014

Detecting and monitoring forest degradation in the tropics has implications for various fields of interest (biodiversity, emission calculations, self-sustenance of indigenous communities, timber exploitation). However, remote-sensing-based detection of forest degradation is difficult, as these subtle degradation signals are not easy to detect in the first place and quickly lost over time due to fast re-vegetation. To overcome these shortcomings, a time series analysis has been developed to map and monitor forest degradation over a longer period of time, with frequent updates based on Landsat data. This time series approach helps to reduce both the commission and the omission errors compared to, e.g., bi- or tri-temporal assessments. The approach involves a series of pre-processing steps, such as geometric and radiometric adjustments, followed by spectral mixture analysis and classification of spectral curves. The resulting pixel-based classification is then aggregated to degradation areas. The method was developed on a study site in Cameroon and applied to a second site in Central African Republic. For both areas, the results were finally evaluated against visual interpretation of very high-resolution optical imagery. Results show overall accuracies in both study sites above 85% for mapping degradation areas with the presented methods.
SEMI-IDEAL BIDDING VIA A FUZZY TOPSIS PROJECT EVALUATION FRAMEWORK IN RISKY ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Ravanshadnia Mehdi , Rajaie Hossein
Published: January 2014

Blind involvement in aimless bids may result the loss of bidding bond expenditures, purchased bidding documents, the cost of human resources engaged in mark-up estimation, and detailed project investigation costs such as site visits. In this research, a risk based fuzzy TOPSIS framework is set up to evaluate and prioritize bidding opportunities. This may help contractors to assign their limited resources to near optimal selected projects. The risks inherent in the nature of every tender, makes systematic risk analysis a prerequisite for any construction company. Proposed framework considers key determining risk factors such as corporate considerations, tender environment, contractual issues, and project specific risks. The methodology implementation has been facilitated by developing a graphical user interface that accepts linguistic terms expressed by main decision groups. A case study demonstrates the applicability of the model.
ADOPTION PROCESSES FOR EDM, EDI AND BIM TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Samuelson Olle , Björk Bo-Christer
Published: January 2014

Three strategically important uses of IT in the construction industry are management of project documents on webservers (EDM), electronic handling of orders and invoices between companies (EDI) and use of 3D models including non-geometrical attributes for integrated design and construction (BIM). The purpose of this work is to study factors that affect the decisions to implement these techniques as well as the actual adoption process. In a longitudinal survey study in the Swedish Construction Industry, the extent of use of these techniques was measured in 1998, 2000 and 2007. This paper presents a follow-up to the quantitative studies, where semi-structured interviews have been used, in a qualitative approach. The theoretical basis for the studies was informed by frameworks from IT-adoption theory. The results showed that decisions to implement these technologies are made on three different levels: individual level, company organizational level, and project organizational level. Different patterns in adoption can be explained by where decisions are mainly taken. EDM is driven from the project level, EDI mainly from the company level, and BIM is driven by individuals. The study points out that decision for implementing BIM should be taken on a higher strategic level in order to deliver intended benefits.
HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE HEALTH MONITORING USING MICRO-ELECTROMECHANICAL SENSORS AND SYSTEMS (MEMS)
Authors: Ceylan Halil , Gopalakrishnan Kasthurirangan , Kim Sunghwan , Taylor Peter C. , Prokudin Maxim , Buss Ashley F.
Published: January 2014

The development of novel “smart” structures by embedding sensing capabilities directly into the construction material during the manufacturing and deployment process has attracted significant attention in autonomous structural health monitoring (SHM). Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) provide vast improvements over existing sensing methods in the context of SHM of highway infrastructure systems, including improved system reliability, improved longevity and enhanced system performance, improved safety against natural hazards and vibrations, and a reduction in life cycle cost in both operating and maintaining the infrastructure. Advancements in MEMS technology and wireless sensor networks provide opportunities for long-term, continuous, real-time structural health monitoring of pavements and bridges at low cost within the context of sustainable infrastructure systems. Based on a comprehensive review of literature and vendor survey, the latest information available on off-the-shelf MEMS devices, as well as research prototypes, for bridge, pavement, and traffic applications are synthesized in this paper. In addition, the paper discusses the results of a laboratory study as well as a small-scale field study on the use of a wireless concrete monitoring system based on radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology and off-the-shelf MEMS-based temperature and humidity sensors.
The Design of Thermal-Insulating Mouse Pad Based on the Effect of Hand Temperature
Authors: Damayanti Kristiana Asih , Siemadinata Shierli
Published: January 2014

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the injury as the result of compression of the median nerve by the swollen muscle and soft tissues at carpal tunnel. This condition is causing pain and making the nerves signal transmissions are slower. The muscle and soft tissues are swollen because of repeated movements and overuse so they dont have enough times for recovery. The muscle and tissues also press the blood flow which supplies oxygen and rich nutrient for them and make them swell. CTS will be worse if the tunnel is smaller because of terrible wrists posture, and if the blood flow is slower which because of cold hand. The symptoms of CTS are pain, tingling, cold, and weak hand. Therapy and surgery can not totally heal this injury so it is much better to prevent it. For reducing the risk of CTS, some actions can be done, for example making the hands always in a normal temperature or warm so the velocity of blood flow will be stable. Today, there is a product called fingerless gloves to keep hands warm but they are not really convenient so in this research another product is designed, which is thermal insulating mouse pad. In this study, an experiment is designed to prove that thermal insulating mouse pad is working effectively. The experiment is done at climatic chamber with 40 students as respondents. There is one single factor of interest which has three levels. The treatments are the condition with no mouse pad, the condition using custom mouse pad, and the condition using thermal insulating mouse pad. Data of experiment is collected by filling the questionnaire and measuring temperature of forearm, wrist, and finger. The experiment result shows that thermal insulating mouse pad can keep hands warm when working with computer.
Design of an Ergonomic Gaming Console
Authors: V. Bhat Sachin , Kajaria Nikhil , Kanoria Anant , Rajkumar Hridhay , Yalamalle Sunil R.
Published: January 2014

The average gamer faces a number of musculo-skeletal injuries due to bad design of keyboards, consoles, mice, workspace layout and a number of other factors. This study aims at minimizing injuries and maximizing human comfort by using Ergonomic principles in the design of the console, which also happens to be the main interactive device between the gamer and the computer. Hence the objective of this study would be to design a keyboard to optimize the comforts of using a gaming console for computer games played on the keyboard, through the sciences of anthropometry and ergonomics.
Virtual Human Modeling and Simulation for Toll Booth Design in Indonesia
Authors: Septyan Tegar , Nurtjahyo Boy
Published: January 2014

This research studies the ergonomic aspect from toll booth and operators performance. It is mainly based on working posture and service time of operators. The analysis of working posture based on Posture Evaluation Index using Software Jack 6.1, meanwhile service time based on queuing theory using WinQsb. The output of the study can be divided to actual and 36 reconfiguration design. The results suggest that the most ergonomic design is with 51 cm in seat height, 5 cm in foot rest height, and 80 cm in desk height. Based on simulation, it can reduce the average time of costumer spend in the queue until 82% from 35.31 seconds to 6.4 seconds.
A Study of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Visual Display Terminal Workers
Authors: Samsuddin N.A. , Daruis Dian Darina Indah
Published: January 2014

This study investigated the effectiveness of workstation ergonomic intervention in reducing musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in Visual Display Terminal (VDT) workers. The study was carried out at one of a Multinational Company in Petaling Jaya, Selangor. Sixty Heavy VDT workers were selected randomly as case study respondents. Questionnaires were given to 60 respondents to investigate their awareness in ergonomic intervention, job-related factors that contributing to musculoskeletal disorders, as well as MSD severity and symptoms among them. Then, 30 workers who are heavy VDT users were selected to receive the education and ergonomics interventions, whereas another 30 receive the education and ergonomic intervention, whereas another 30 workers were assigned as a control group. The two groups were then crossedover after sixth week, and follow-up questionnaire s we given to all of them once again. The results for both questionnaires, before and after the ergonomics intervention, were then analyzed for this case study. The interventions include ergonomics leaflets, ergonomic posters, online ergonomic education and ergonomic working posture guidance. The outcomes suggested that a participation in an ergonomics program, even though in a short duration and minimally disruptive to the normal workplace routine, can still contribute to a rapid effect on improving work posture. Although improper posture is associated to be the main risk factor for work-related musculoskeletal disorders, multigroup and long-term randomized trial are required to establish the effectiveness or workstation ergonomic intervention in reducing musculoskeletal disorders in VDT workers. In conclusion, there is significant evidence that individualized ergonomic interventions may contribute to improve work-related posture and reduce MSD injuries for VDT workers.
A Comprehensive Evaluation Approach for Machining Operation Based on Fuzzy AHP
Authors: Sun Qun , Zhang Wei Min , Li Peng Zhong
Published: January 2014

This paper provides an evaluating approach for machining operations from the view point of the energy, resources consumption and ecological impact simultaneously. The carbon footprint (CFP) is selected as a unified indicator for the quantitative attributes for the system with consideration of various machining situations. Due to the machining operation alternatives are multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems in the presence of quantitative and qualitative attributes, the fuzzy AHP is chosen for the machining operation evaluation. In particular, as a method for evaluating machining operation, the carbon footprint per kilogram (CFK) is introduced and analyzed in terms of the feasibility to determine minimum energy, resources requirements and ecological impact.
Study on Detection Method for Crack in Eggs Based on Computer Vision and Support Vector Machine Neural Network
Authors: Yang Jian , Shi Ying , Zhou Wei , Che Yong Shun
Published: January 2014

To improve the accuracy of detection and classification of egg with cracks, this paper is to add Support Vector Machine to neural network to automatically identify and classify the eggs with cracks. Firstly process the egg images with light-transmitting were obtained by the computer vision device including denoising, threshold segmentation. Five characteristic parameters of crack areas and noise areas were acquired. Secondly train SVM Neural Network and identify the eggs with cracks by five parameters data as the sample data. The correct discerning rate of grading table eggs is 98.07%. It proves better than traditional method in terms of prediction accuracy and robustness. The generalization ability of SVM Neural Network is strengthened.
A Case Analysis of Application of Evaporative Cooling Air Conditioning of the Communication Equipment Room in Xi’an
Authors: Kun Fan , Xiang Huang
Published: January 2014

Introduced a communication equipment room in Xi'an transition season application tubular I/DEC (Indirect and Direct Evaporative Cooling) projects. The analysis the several modes optimized air handling units throughout the year. Finally, according to the operation of the evaporative cooling air conditioning system in the transitional seasons concluded.
The Design of Direct-Drive Wind Generation Grid Side PWM Converter Based on LCL Filter
Authors: Sun Lei , Wang Yu Ning , Gu Chen , Liu Yi Man
Published: January 2014

This paper gives systematically study on grid-side converter with LCL filter for doubly-fed induction generator in wind power. This paper adopts the parameters of the PI-based controller that is already used for the L-filter-based active rectifier. On the basis of model in the dq coordinate system, the paper proposes a double-closed-loop control strategy. Then the simulation model of PWM rectifier is established in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. According to the articles theory imitation of the real system design with good dynamic and static performance.
Vibration Characteristics Analysis of Large Dismountable Out-Moving Jaw Crusher
Authors: Jiang Yong
Published: January 2014

The working process of the out-moving jaw crusher is complex vibration system with multeity freedoms, it is vibration Characteristics directly affect the performance of the machine. The thesis put PWD120150 as research target, experimental analysis was conduct to the typical vibration Characteristics, the natural frequency and the working frequency of the machine and key components was obtained, which provided references for the design of avoiding mechanical resonance, and provided technical reference to the vibration analysis of the large scale equipment.
Design of a Small Wind Turbine to Generate Electricity in Urban and Rural Areas
Authors: José Bione M.F. , Ferreira A.O.L. , Gómez-Malagón L.A.
Published: January 2014

This paper aims to present the project a small wind turbine for generating electricity in urban area. The wind turbine of this project is the horizontal axis of 3 and the rotor blades upwind of the tower. Its rated power is 500W applied to be incorporated into stand-alone systems and connected to power grid in urban areas. The guidance system was developed by the design of a passive system. Based on the concept of a permanent magnet synchronous machine designed to power the system. was adopted the value of 6 m/s and rated speed of the wind system and observed the distribution of wind speed, the normal model of turbulence and wind profile normal. Based on such information from the wind rotor airfoil was chosen using the software of the Sandia National Laboratory, is the radius of 1.88 m. A permanent magnet synchronous generator 4-pole generator was chosen by analyzing the output voltage, the induced current in the pair and the internal power supply. In the first part of the wind turbine power curve, was defined a control law that varies the connected load. In the second part of the curve a passive system takes care of misalign the rotor to avoid overcoming the current rating. This is because to increase the power output is necessary to increase the radius of the rotor which, in turn, implies a decrease in its speed. The structural model was developed for the analysis of the blade of their aerodynamic loads, inertia and gravity.
Three-Ring Gear Reducer Internal Tooth Plate Processing Method in the Research and Analysis
Authors: Yang Hong Bin , Wang Qiang
Published: January 2014

Ref. [ based on the analysis of internal tooth plate in the process of locating method, on the basis of the author thinks that the positioning adjustment of internal tooth plate Angle is not easy to measure in actual processing, the positioning adjustment Angle is not easy to guarantee the positioning, a direct impact on the accuracy of phase difference between tooth plate. If the difference accuracy of inner teeth cannot guarantee, cause vibration and noise, impact of three-ring gear reducer will intensify, temperature increase, reduce the service life, even can't assembly. Through the analysis of the principle of three-ring gear reducer, the paper puts forward the inner tooth plate treatment positioning adjustment Angle is 120°, measurement is simple and convenient location, is advantageous to the guarantee of phase difference accuracy of inner teeth. Using UG NX7.0 platform, with a new positioning method to establish model of inner rack, and then using UG stretch command on the establishment of good internal tooth plate model of cutting out the tooth shape, and motion simulation. The results show that the new Angle of inner gear plate positioning adjustment feasible, and fast and convenient, has important significance to the development of three-ring gear reducer.
Characteristic and Affection Analysis on Air into the Cabin Process Based on Wind Tunnel
Authors: Chang He , Yu Xiu Min , Li Sheng Jian , Liu Lu , Lv Jing Hua
Published: January 2014

The wind tunnel test dating for the cooling module in the vehicle conditions shows that the actual fan rotation is evidently different from the fan in bench test rotation. There is an intake high pressure zone. It is easy to conduct airflow into the cabin, and under the cabin, there is a negative pressure zone. It is easy to conduct airflow outside the cabin. Both of the different pressure zones affect the fan rotation. Air path of the cabin is divided into three different areas. Base on the parameters of CP BIR and-CP, the aerodynamic characteristics of the cabin build the cooling module under the vehicle working conditions. The model can predict the states of the fan working, when the target vehicle speed conditions are met, and it has important application value for the design of intelligent cooling module control system as well.
Interference Detection for the Stationary Internal Toroidal Gear Machining
Authors: Hong Mei , Yao Li Gang
Published: January 2014

Interfenrence detection is a crucial problem in the process of the stationary internal toroidal gear machining. This paper proposes a new method to detect interference regions in 3-axis stationary internal toroidal gear machining. With this method,numerical control machining geometric model is built to detect interference. Interference regions can be identified effectively by comparing intersection point between detecting line and spiral tooth flank with that between detecting line and tool sweep. It was found that this method not only can be used to detect local interference regions but also global interference regions according to whether dectecting line and not processing area of curved surface have intersection point.
Research on the Detail Design of Aircraft Wings
Authors: Liu Guo Chun
Published: January 2014

Due to the lack of the wings detail design progress and the limitation of ordinary detail design ways for the complicated design of wings, while a new wing detail design process was proposed based on traditional wing structural design approach, including two parts: the sub-components design and the particular design. The process involves taking loads on initial proofing structure, structural design, FEM (Finite Element Methods) analysis, and buckling analysis, etc. In the particular design, the structural loads were calculated by the corresponding deformation based on the initial proofing design. The detail components are designed based on the new design process which meets to all the design requirements. It shows that the new design process is feasible and available.
Dispersion Curves Calculation for Guided Waves in Rod by Modal Analysis
Authors: Zhu Long Xiang , Wang Yue Min , Zong Lv , Sun Feng Rui
Published: January 2014

Dispersion curves present fundamental information on guided waves such as wavelength and dispersivity as well as phase and group velocities at a certain frequency, which is essential for the application of guide wave technology. A numerical method based on modal analysis using ANSYS software was presented to calculate the dispersion curves of guided waves in rod. The mode shapes of different modes of guided waves were obtained and discriminated, and the dispersion curves of rod were extracted. The numerical result and the analytical ones matched very well, which verified the effectiveness of this method. This numerical method can be applied to arbitrary waveguide which can be considered as a periodic structure with constant cross-section.
Designing General p-Ary n-Point Smooth Subdivision Schemes
Authors: Zheng Hong Chan , Song Qian
Published: January 2014

In this paper, in order to produce smooth curve, we design a class of n-point p-ary smooth interpolatory subdivision schemes that can reproduce polynomials of degree n-1 with approximation order n. Many classical interpolatory subdivision schemes are special cases of this kind of subdivision. We illustrate the approach with a new 5-point quaternary interpolatory subdivision scheme with two parameters, which reproduces polynomial of degree 4 with approximation order of 5 and can generate new interpolatory curves.
Reliability Analysis of Deploying and Rigid Locking on Truss Element of Space Cable-Strut Deployable Articulated Mast
Authors: Hu Ming , Huang Dan Min , Chen Wen Hua , Deng Zong Quan , Han Ya Di , Feng Jun , Wang Qing Jiu
Published: January 2014

According to deploying motion principle analysis of its truss element of space cable-strut deployable articulated mast, the mechanical model of deploying process is established. From the perspective of performance function which is satisfied by truss element deploying motion, the reliability model of deploying motion is set up. By utilizing FOSM method, deploying motion reliability is analyzed and solved. The research above provides the basis for mechanism reliability prediction and an effective method to calculate degree of reliability for other space mechanisms..
Comparison Studies of Criado and Coats-Redfern Methods for Co-Gasification of Rubber Seed Shell with High Density Polyethylene Mixtures
Authors: Lai Fui Bridgid Chin , Yusup Suzana , Shoaibi Ahmed Al , Kannan Pravin , Srinivasakannan Chandrasekar , Sulaiman Shaharin Anwar
Published: January 2014

In this present study, the gasification kinetics of rubber seed shell, high density polyethylene, and their mixtures (20/80 and 40/60 weight ratio of HDPE/RSS) are investigated using a non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) system at heating rate of 10 K/min in the temperature range of 323-1173 K. The argon gas is supplied at a flowrate of 100 ml/min and the steam is generated from superheater at 383 K. The steam is injected at flowrate of 300 μL/hour into the TGA system. The Criado and Coats-Redfern methods are used to investigate the reliability of the determined value of the activation energy, EA from the experimental data of TGA. The interaction of solid-phase components based on the mentioned experimental conditions is also studied.
Cyclic MAM Synthesis and Upconversion Photoluminescence Properties of SrMoO4:Er3+/Yb3+ Particles
Authors: Chang Sung Lim
Published: January 2014

Er3+ doped SrMoO4 (SrMoO4:Er3+) and Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped SrMoO4 (SrMoO4:Er3+/Yb3+) particles were successfully synthesized by a cyclic microwave-assisted metathetic (MAM) route followed by heat treatment. The microstructures exhibited well-defined and homogeneous morphology with particles sizes of 100500 nm. With excitation at 980 nm, SrMoO4:Er3+ and SrMoO4:Er3+/Yb3+ particles exhibited a strong 525-nm emission band and a weak 550-nm emission band in the green region and a weak 655-nm emission band in the red region. The Raman spectra of SrMoO4:Er3+ and SrMoO4:Er3+/Yb3+ particles indicated the detection of additional strong peaks at both higher frequencies (564, 524, 456, and 403 cm-1) and lower frequencies (294, 251, and 220 cm-1).
Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of Titanium Dioxide-Cuprous Oxide Heterostructure on Graphene
Authors: Liu Jing Hua , Li Xin , Gu Shuo
Published: January 2014

We report here a facile and green route to prepare graphene-based composites with titanium dioxide-cuprous oxide heterostructure. The as-prepared hybrid was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B demonstrated that the as-prepared hybrid has high photocatalytic activities under the visible-light irradiation. We believe that the new graphene-based material would have a potential application in field of energy and sustainabliligy.
Influence of Complex Plasticizers Containing Urea and Triethanolamin on the Characteristics of SPI/PVA Films
Authors: Ren De Cai , Zhao Dong Mei , Qian Lei , Du Yu Hong
Published: January 2014

SPI/PVA films were successfully prepared with complex plasticizers containing urea and trethanolamin (TEA) by casting and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), ultraviolet (Uv-vis), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and tensile testing. The results indicated that SPI/PVA films with the content of 40% complex plasticizers possessed better optical transmittance. All of the films exhibited only one Tg in DSC curves. Moreover, the SPI/PVA films with complex plasticizers had higher thermal stability and mechanical properties, as a result of the strong interaction between complex plasticizers and SPI/PVA. The SPI/PVA materials will be promising for the application in the field of package and container, substituting for the nongreen polymers.
Investigation of Antibacterial Property and Photocatalytic Activity of Recyclable Ag/ZnOw Composites
Authors: Wang Jie , Pan Xiao Yong , Peng Ling , Liu Yu , Wang Nian Jie
Published: January 2014

Silver-deposited zinc oxide whisker (Ag/ZnOw) composites with different Ag/Zn molar ratios (MRs) were successfully synthesized by a simple method. Subsequently, the structure and properties of these composites were characterized using various tests. It is found that the silver nanoparticles are located on the root of ZnOw, which is beneficial for the antibacterial and photocatalytic performance of ZnOw. The Ag/ZnOw composite exhibits better antibacterial and photocatalytic activities than that of the pure ZnOw, and the efficiency of both properties increase with increasing molar ratio of Ag/Zn. Moreover, the mechanism which governs the photocatalytic property of the composite has also been discussed thoroughly.
Biosorption of Nickel Ions by Modified Chitosan from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Ma Wei , Gao Lian Lian , Cheng Zi Hong , Wang Ren , Liu Fu Jun , Liu Dong Mei , Pan De Cong
Published: January 2014

Since commercial chitosan powder may dissolve in water to some degree and demands to be modified chemically to create its own exclusive pore canal we have synthetized two different modified chitosan beads in this investigation by using glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent, significantly, novel porogen silica sol and methanol, and analysis means SEM, FTIR and BET demonstrated that the surface area and pore size improved signally. Moreover, the adsorption conditions pH and ionic strength have been considered, and the maximum adsorption capacity of nickel ions was 32.40 mg/g at the optimum condition. Furthermore, the main model equations on isotherm and kinetics have been deliberated and the results clearly revealed that Freundlich, external mass transfer, intra particle diffusion and pseudo second order model fitted better to the experimental data (R2 > 0.99, all). It is expected that this results would be serviceable to remove metals from wastewater using chitosan and its derivatives.
Assessment of Embodied Carbon Emissions within the Trade between China and Main Trade Partners
Authors: Ning Ya Dong , Li Xian , Ding Tao
Published: January 2014

Based on the (import) non-competitive input-output tables, this paper calculates Chinas embodied carbon emission by consumption-based measures and production-based measures, and assesses embodied carbon emissions between China and United States (U.S.), Japan and European Union (EU) in trade. The results revealed that Chinas embodied carbon emission from domestic production (QP) was higher than that from domestic consumption by 15.1-25.8% because of the balance of embodied emissions in trade (QB) during 1997-2010. Chinas embodied carbon emission within export (QE) grew from 0.69Gt in 1997 to 1.98Gt in 2010, accounting for 23.4-35.8% of QP. QB grew from 0.36Gt in 1997 to 1.12Gt in 2010, accounting for 12.2-23.2% of QP. QB of China between U.S., Japan and EU increased from 0.25Gt in 1997 to 0.73Gt in 2010, accounting for 8.4-16.0% of QP. Around 50% of Chinas embodied carbon emissions resulted from trade between China and U.S., Japan and EU.
The Strontium Isotopic Chemical Analysis of Geothermal Water in Guihu, Fuzhou
Authors: Zhang Qing , Chen Gang , Su Chuan Yang
Published: January 2014

This paper takes Fuzhou Guihu geothermal field as the research object, analyzing its geothermal background of regional tectonic characteristics. With the increase of flow path, contents of carbonate and aluminosilicate minerals both raises, while 87Sr/86Sr goes down gradually. 87Sr/86Sr in discharge regions of geothermal water is the lowest. Analysis of the geothermal water chemistry and isotopic characteristics lead to the conclusion that the underground water circular depth of wells located on the alluvia and proluvial fans in front of mountains is relatively deep, which reaches 500-700m. Average of the mixed ratio is 0.14, which means that 14% cold water is mixed.
Solidification of Greenhouse Gas Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Yin Wei
Published: January 2014

The feasible routine of carbon dioxide solidification is developed, which employs carbon dioxide with calcium sulfate and ammonia to obtain calcium carbonate and ammonium sulfate at ambient temperature. The process of carbon dioxide solidification is a spontaneous and exothermic reaction, whose possesses the rate constants of the second order reaction, which can be attributed to carbon dioxide gas dissolving the water media and carbon dioxide reacted with ammonia to produce ammonium bicarbonate. Calcium sulfate changing rapidly into calcium carbonate accelerates the process of reaction of carbon dioxide reacted with ammonia. The optimization process parameters of carbon dioxide solidification are a 0.075-MPa of CO2, a 0.5-mol of CaSO4·2H2O, a 0.5-mol of NH3·H2O and a 100-ml of H2O in a closed reactor, which is able to obtain 100% CO2 gas solidification efficiency within 4 minutes at ambient temperature.
Dynamic Analysis and Prediction of Ecological Footprint in Jilin Province of China Based on Grey Prediction Model
Authors: Gao Biao , Xu Qing Tao
Published: January 2014

The paper calculates ecological footprint per capita and ecological capacity per capita in the Jilin province during 1998 and 2010 by using the ecological footprint theory, and analyzes the dynamic changes of ecological footprint per capita and ecological capacity per capita, and obtains development prediction model of ecological footprint per capita and ecological capacity per capita based on grey prediction model. The results indicate the ecological footprint per capita had increased continuously from 1.7841 hm2 per capita to 3.2013 hm2 per capita between 1998 and 2010. During this period, ecological capacity per capita dropped from 1.3535 hm2 per capita to 1.3028 hm2 per capita. Ecological deficit had increased from 0.4306 hm2 per capita to 1.8985 hm2 per capita that showed that the development of Jilin province was in an unsustainable status. The gray prediction model shows the ecological footprint per capita in the Jilin province will increase from 3.4833 hm2 per capita to 5.7022 hm2 per capita between 2011 and 2020, ecological capacity per capita will drop from 1.2978 hm2 per capita to 1.2676 hm2 per capita and ecological deficit will increase from 2.1855 hm2 per capita to 4.4346 hm2 per capita.
A Study of Process Rebuilding of Asset Life Cycle Management in Power Grid Enterprises Based on MIMS Diagnosis Model
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhang Yi
Published: January 2014

According to the demand of asset life cycle management on closed-loop management of whole process, and taking the characteristics of asset management in power grid enterprises into consideration, this paper puts forward a MIMS diagnosis model of asset management process based on the concept of life cycle management. Using the MIMS model, this paper analyzes the problems of asset management of power grid enterprises from four dimensions, i.e., management mode, information sharing, decision making mechanism and methods, systems and standards. Finally, some suggestions on process rebuilding of asset life cycle management in power grid enterprises have been brought forward.
Research on the Leaf-Stripping Device of Whole Stalk and Small-Scale Sugarcane Combine Harvester
Authors: Shang Jian Dong , Wang Zhuo , Hu Dong Fang
Published: January 2014

This paper describes the sugarcane planting area in our country, and explains the present situation of mechanized harvest. It expounds the existing problems in the mechanized process of the sugarcane harvested region. In addition, it introduces the structure of the leaf-stripping device on the small-scale and whole stalk typical sugarcane harvester, analyzes the process leaves off in the sugarcane combine harvester,meanwhile it supplies a good design plan for the leaf-stripping device of sugarcane harvester.
Research Progress in Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Zhang Wan Qing , Jiang Wu Feng , Hao Su Ju , Zhang Yu Zhu
Published: January 2014

Carbon nanotubes have unique physical and chemical, electrical, mechanical properties. As a new nanomaterial, it has great development potential. In this paper, the structure and properties of carbon nanotubes were briefly described, and the commonly used ways of preparation of carbon nanotubes were also introduced in detail. The importance of the development of new synthetic methods was put forward.
Research on Technology Oriented Framework of Aspects Extraction from Customer Reviews
Authors: Li Shi , Ji Ming Yu
Published: January 2014

As e-business develops rapidly, more and more product information and product reviews are posted on the Internet. These contents will have a great significance for companies and consumers. This paper focus on customer reviews of product, and construct a technology oriented research framework for the sentiment analysis. Further more an improved theoretical framework of aspects extraction is proposed, which based on products feature mining issues from customer reviews. This two theoretical framework can help researchers acquire supported valuable data for additional researches including the study of behavioral.