bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does workplace social capital protect against long-term sickness absence? Linking workplace aggregated social capital to sickness absence registry data
Authors: Hansen Anne-Sophie K. , Madsen Ida E. H. , Thorsen Sannie Vester , Melkevik Ole , Bjørner Jakob Bue , Andersen Ingelise , Rugulies Reiner
Published: August 2017

Aims: Most previous prospective studies have examined workplace social capital as a resource of the individual. However, literature suggests that social capital is a collective good. In the present study we examined whether a high level of workplace aggregated social capital (WASC) predicts a decreased risk of individual-level long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in Danish private sector employees. Methods: A sample of 2043 employees (aged 18–64 years, 38.5% women) from 260 Danish private-sector companies filled in a questionnaire on workplace social capital and covariates. WASC was calculated by assigning the company-averaged social capital score to all employees of each company. We derived LTSA, defined as sickness absence of more than three weeks, from a national register. We examined if WASC predicted employee LTSA using multilevel survival analyses, while excluding participants with LTSA in the three months preceding baseline. Results: We found no statistically significant association in any of the analyses. The hazard ratio for LTSA in the fully adjusted model was 0.93 (95% CI 0.77–1.13) per one standard deviation increase in WASC. When using WASC as a categorical exposure we found a statistically non-significant tendency towards a decreased risk of LTSA in employees with medium WASC (fully adjusted model: HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.48–1.27)). Post hoc analyses with workplace social capital as a resource of the individual showed similar results. Conclusions: WASC did not predict LTSA in this sample of Danish private-sector employees.
Environmental dynamism, hostility, and dynamic capabilities in medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Frank Hermann , Güttel Wolfgang , Kessler Alexander
Published: August 2017

Global crises, disruptive technologies, or business models, as well as increasing cost pressure constantly require firm responses to sustain competitive advantage. The dynamic capabilities (DC) approach addresses the firm’s ability to innovate and to reconfigure in order to cope with a dynamic environment. In our study, we investigate the impact of environmental dynamics and hostility on DC in 120 Austrian medium-sized enterprises. Our quantitative analysis indicates a significant relation between environmental dynamism and DC of medium-sized enterprises: The higher environmental dynamism in the firm’s environment is, the more prevailing and important are DC. We further reveal, in detail, that different DC in medium-sized enterprises are important when environmental dynamism and/or environmental hostility increase. In particular, searching, learning, and flexibility rise as a result of an increase in environmental dynamism. However, hostility in the firm’s environment only has an impact on searching opportunities and threats. DC for process efficiency are important both in high velocity and in moderately dynamic markets. Finally, firms in high-velocity environments perform in an ambidextrous mode combining DC for exploration and exploitation concurrently.
The flipped classroom: Does viewing the recordings matter?
Authors: Heijstra Thamar Melanie , Sigurðardóttir Margrét Sigrún
Published: August 2017

The flipped classroom offers a new approach to student-centred teaching and learning by moving the lecture out of the classroom. Research on the topic reveals that the flexibility of viewing the recorded lectures at a time and speed that is convenient to the student is what students appreciate mostly in the flipped classroom. This article examines the viewing pattern of students regarding recorded lectures in a course that has been flipped. The findings reveal a decline in the number of students who view the recordings over the duration of the course semester. Furthermore, the findings support earlier research results revealing that women and older students rely more on recorded lectures than other students. In addition, the study shows that there is a positive correlation between viewing the recorded material and the final grade of students in the course. It is thus surmised that even if in-class activity is very important for the flipped classroom to work, the recordings do have additional value, which is reflected by higher final course grades for students who view them. The flexibility of viewing recordings more than once and at the most relevant and convenient time seems to increase students’ understanding, and is regarded an important asset of flipped classroom teaching.
The release of Grand Theft Auto V and registered juvenile crime in the Netherlands
Authors: Beerthuizen Marinus GCJ , Weijters Gijs , van der Laan André M
Published: August 2017

Prior research suggests that playing videogames can have a voluntary incapacitating effect on criminal behaviour. The current study investigates whether this negative association between videogames in general and crime rates can also be found for the release of a single videogame – Grand Theft Auto V (GTAV) – and for registered juvenile crime in the Netherlands. A diminishing effect was modelled to estimate the active player base of GTAV (that is, the most players are active on and directly following release, with a decline in the weeks thereafter) and correlated with the number of registered offences in 2012–15 committed by males aged 12–18 and 18–25 years in a time series analysis. The effect of the release of GTAV was negatively associated with the number of registered offences in both age categories, while controlling for covariates (for example, day of the week). Implications are discussed.
On Anna’s Terms: Supporting a Student’s Gender Transition in Elementary School
Authors: Rodela Katherine C. , Tobin Jack M.
Published: August 2017

This case study details how one leader worked to support a fifth-grade student’s gender transition midway through a school year. Despite a conservative political environment, push-back from families and community members, and district controversy surrounding adoption of a Transgender Inclusion policy, the principal worked closely with the student, her family, and teacher to create an inclusive environment on the student’s own terms. Developed from a real-life case of one elementary school principal, this case allows for leaders to reflect on how they might respond to being an ally to LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning/queer) students and, in particular, lead school and district transformation for responsive inclusion of transgender students.
Exploring the psychological attributes underpinning elite sports coaching
Authors: Hodgson Laura , Butt Joanne , Maynard Ian
Published: August 2017

The influential role of the coach in athlete performance and development has long been acknowledged, and coaches are now considered ‘performers’, just like their athletes. The purpose of the present study was to explore the psychological attributes elite coaches perceived to underpin their ability to coach most effectively and factors perceived to influence attribute development. Qualitative research methods were implemented where 12 elite coaches (eight male, four female) participated in semi-structured interviews. Inductive thematic analysis generated nine higher order themes related to psychological attributes: (a) attitude, (b) confidence, (c) resilience, (d) focus, (e) drive for personal development, (f) being athlete-centred, (g) emotional awareness, (h) emotional understanding, and (i) emotional management. In addition, three higher order themes were generated related to factors perceived to influence attribute development: (a) education, (b) experience, and (c) conscious self-improvement. Findings indicated that several attributes perceived to be essential to coaching effectiveness related to the emotional nature of coaching, where coaches’ abilities to identify, understand, and manage emotions in both themselves and others had many positive effects.
The developmental experiences of basketball mentor coaches
Authors: Koh Koon T , Ho Xin YM , Koh Yizhe
Published: August 2017

Numerous studies have examined the developmental activities of expert coaches. However, empirical studies on the development of mentor coaches in sport are scarce, despite literature reporting benefits of coach mentoring. The purpose of the present study was to examine the developmental experiences of mentor coaches who were involved in a structured mentoring program embedded in a level-one basketball coach education program. Four mentor coaches (one female) who met the selection criteria participated in structured retrospective interviews. Quantitative data such as mentor coaches’ demographic, athletics and coaching experiences were analyzed to calculate the means, standard deviation, and frequency of mentor coaches’ profile. Results were partially consistent with literature on expert coaches where mentor coaches (1) were competitive athletes, (2) held leadership positions as athletes, and (3) had accumulated at least 10 years of coaching experience and were successful coaches at the developmental level and beyond. Qualitative data were content analyzed using the narrative method to examine how mentor coaches learned their craft. Results show that (1) past coaches greatly influenced the development of mentor coaches’ mentoring knowledge, especially in the early stage of their coaching career, (2) exposure to different levels of mentoring appears to be useful in preparing them for eventual mentoring roles, and (3) self-directed learning helped mentor coaches to enhance their mentoring knowledge. The results are discussed in relation to literature on coach learning and development. Practical applications of the findings are also proposed.
What does the questioning of expert coaches reveal about the biomechanical knowledge of forward ice hockey skating?
Authors: Mell Florian , Saury Jacques , Féliu François , L’Hermette Maxime , Seifert Ludovic
Published: August 2017

Coaches and scientists share a preoccupation with understanding athletic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate coaches’ practical knowledge about forward ice hockey skating with reference to the biomechanical research findings in order to improve understanding of the skating task and encourage the design of more representative research. For this purpose, 10 expert ice hockey coaches were interviewed. Semistructured interviews were transcribed and meanings units were selected and grouped to build the main categories after verbatim analysis. The qualitative analysis revealed that the coaches detailed forward skating based on three categories: posture, lower limb kinematics, and arm movements. They used performance indicators to specify their practical knowledge. These indicators were generally consistent with recent biomechanical research and when the coaches held different opinions, they expressed intuitive ideas that often suggested new research perspectives. This study illustrates how the interaction of scientists and coaches, via their respective knowledge, can supply new research perspectives.
Golf club characteristics and vertical force distribution associated with pitch and lob shots of different carry distances
Authors: Kim Jinhee , Youm Changhong , Son Minji , Lee Myeounggon , Kim Youkyung
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the club characteristics and vertical force distribution of pitch and lob shots of 20 and 30 m in female golfers from the Korean Ladies Professional Golf Association (age: 21.3 ± 1.7 years; height: 161.5 ± 4.4 cm; body weight: 60.3 ± 5.6 kg; career: 7.5 ± 1.7 years). Ten infrared cameras and two force plates were used to record the swing of each golfer. The test golf swings included a pitch and lob shot to target distances of 20 and 30 m. The carry distance for the 20 and 30 m shots was affected by club shaft angle, loft angle, projected ball angle, and club head speed. Pitch and lob shots were distinguished by ball position, club shaft angle, loft angle, vertical force distribution, projected ball angle, and club head speed. For the lob shot, the ball was positioned about 6 cm toward the left foot from the center of the heel marker, compared to the ball position in the pitch shot for the 20 and 30 m shots. In addition, the loft angle was 10° wider and the vertical force of the right foot was 4% greater than for the pitch shot. The projection angle of the ball for the 30 m lob shot was 57°, while that for the pitch shot was about 47°. Taken together, the within-player between-task design and the realistic well-practiced goal-directed experimental tasks provided an opportunity to determine how individual players modify their control strategies to regulate shot distance and ball trajectory when using the same club. These findings have practical implications for coaches and for golfers aiming to improve their short game ability.
Biomechanical comparison of the Lim/Tsai tendon repair with a modified method using a single looped suture
Authors: Chang Min Kai , Wong Yoke Rung , Tay Shian Chao
Published: August 2017

The Lim/Tsai tendon repair technique has been modified clinically to achieve a 6-strand repair using a single looped suture with one extratendinous knot. We compared biomechanical performance of the original and modified methods using 20 porcine flexor digitorum profundus tendons. The ultimate tensile strength, load to 2 mm gap force, mode of failure, and time taken to repair each tendon were recorded during a single cycle loading test in 10 tendons with each repair method. We found that despite having the same number of core strands, the single looped suture modified Lim/Tsai technique possessed significantly greater ultimate tensile strength and load to 2 mm gap force. Also, less repair time was required. We conclude that the modified 6-strand repair using a single looped suture has better mechanical performance than the original method. The difference likely was due to the changes in locations of the knots and subsequent load distribution during tendon loading.
Microsurgical thumb repair and reconstruction
Authors: Adani Roberto , Woo Sang Hyun
Published: August 2017

In this article, we review microsurgical reconstructive techniques available to treat thumb amputation at different levels based on our experience. We reference techniques used by other surgeons and identify the most suitable technique for different clinical situations. Indications and techniques for microsurgical partial or composite transfer of the great or second toe for thumb reconstruction are summarized. Different microsurgical transfer techniques suggest a great freedom of surgical choices. However, the choices are considerably restricted if all functional and cosmetic requirements are to be met. We recommend individualized surgical design and reconstruction because each case of thumb amputation is unique.
Techniques and survival incidence for revascularization of degloved fingers
Authors: Kayalar Murat , Güntürk Özgün Barış , Kaplan İbrahim , Sügün Tahir Sadık , Ademoğlu Yalçın
Published: August 2017

We report techniques and survival incidence of three subtotally and nine completely degloved fingers in seven patients. We performed end-to-end arterial repairs in seven fingers, vein graft repairs for arteries in two fingers, arteriovenous anastomoses in three fingers. End-to-end vein anastomosis was performed in all fingers. One finger requred re-exploration. Soft tissues in the eight degloved fingers survived completely, two failed completely, and two were partially necrotic. We conclude from our results that following revascularization, the skin from a completely degloved finger skin will survive in approximately two cases out of three.

Level of evidence: IV
Emotion in Action: A Predictive Processing Perspective and Theoretical Synthesis
Authors: Ridderinkhof K. Richard
Published: August 2017

Starting from a decidedly Frijdian perspective on emotion in action, we adopt neurocognitive theories of action control to analyze the mechanisms through which emotional action arises. Appraisal of events vis-à-vis concerns gives rise to a determinate motive to establish a specific state of the world; the pragmatic idea of the action’s effects incurs the valuation of action options and a change in action readiness in the form of incipient ideomotor capture of the selected action. Forward modeling of the sensory consequences of the selected action option allows for the evaluation and fine-tuning of anticipated action effects, which renders the emotional action impulsive yet purposive. This novel theoretical synthesis depicts the cornerstone principles for a mechanistic view on emotion in action.
The Power of Goal-Directed Processes in the Causation of Emotional and Other Actions
Authors: Moors Agnes , Boddez Yannick , De Houwer Jan
Published: August 2017

Standard dual-process models in the action domain postulate that stimulus-driven processes are responsible for suboptimal behavior because they take them to be rigid and automatic and therefore the default. We propose an alternative dual-process model in which goal-directed processes are the default instead. We then transfer the dual- process logic from the action domain to the emotion domain. This reveals that emotional behavior is often attributed to stimulus-driven processes. Our alternative model submits that goal-directed processes could be the primary determinant of emotional behavior instead. We evaluate the type of empirical evidence required for validating our model and we consider implications of our model for behavior change, encouraging strategies focused on the expectancies and values of action outcomes.
Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Edwards Daniel R , Moorhouse Tobias
Published: August 2017

Rhinosinusitis affects many people, and thus, it is a common presentation in primary care. Despite this fact, rhinosinusitis is often overlooked in undergraduate and postgraduate training. Management of rhinosinusitis places a significant burden on both primary and secondary care, with significant financial implications. This article aims to outline the classification, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical diagnosis and treatment of rhinosinusitis, in particular identifying red flag symptoms and indications for referral to secondary care.
Endoscopic management of complications of self-expandable metal stents for treatment of malignant esophageal stenosis and tracheoesophageal fistulas
Authors: Bor Renáta , Fábián Anna , Bálint Anita , Farkas Klaudia , Szűcs Mónika , Milassin Ágnes , Czakó László , Rutka Mariann , Molnár Tamás , Szepes Zoltán
Published: August 2017

Background:

Self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) implantation may rapidly improve the symptoms of malignant esophageal stenosis and tracheoesophageal fistulas (TEF). However, dysphagia often returns subsequently and repeated endoscopic intervention may be necessary. The aims of the study were to identify the risk factors of complications, and the frequency and efficacy of repeated endoscopic interventions; and to provide technical recommendations on appropriate stent selection.

Methods:

We analyzed retrospectively the clinical data of 212 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer who underwent SEMS implantation.

Results:

A total of 238 SEMS implantations were performed with 99.06% technical success and 1.26% procedure-related deaths in the enrolled 212 cases. Complications occurred in 84 patients (39.62%) and in 55 cases (25.94%) repeated endoscopic procedures were required. Early reintervention 24–48 h after the stent implantations was necessary due to stent migration (12 cases), arrhythmia (2 cases), intolerable retrosternal pain (1 case) and dyspnea (1 case). An average of 1.98 repeated gastroscopies (range 1–6; median 2), 13.58 weeks (range 1.5–48; median 11) after the stent implantation were performed during the follow-up period: 37 stent repositions, 23 restent implantations, 15 endoscopic esophageal dilations and 7 stent removals. In 48 cases (87.3%) oral feeding of patients was made possible by endoscopic interventions.

Conclusions:

In a quarter of SEMS implantations, complications occur that can be successfully managed by endoscopic interventions. Our experiences have shown that individualized stent choice may substantially reduce the complications rate and make repeated endoscopic interventions easier.
Theoretical and numerical analysis on choked multiphase flows of gas and solid particle through a convergent–divergent nozzle
Authors: Zhang Guang , Kim Heuy D
Published: August 2017

Particle–gas two-phase flows show significantly different behaviours compared to single-gas flow through a convergent–divergent nozzle. Non-equilibrium effects, thermal and velocity lags lead to the inefficiency of nozzle performance. In the present studies, theoretical analysis and numerical simulations were carried out to study particle–gas flows through a convergent–divergent nozzle. Homogeneous and equilibrium model that no slip in velocity and temperature occurs between particle phase and gas phase was considered to derive mass flow rate and sound speed of multiphase flows. Two-phase flows are regarded as isentropic flows that isentropic relations can be used for homogeneous equilibrium model. Particle volume fraction, specific heat ratio and gas constant parameter were also rewritten. Discrete phase model that includes Lagrangian-Eulerian tracking method was used to calculate particle–gas flows in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies. Particle mass loading was varied to investigate its effect on choking phenomena for particle–gas flows at different nozzle pressure ratios. Mass flow rate and sound speed of two-phase flows were theoretically calculated and compared with numerical results. Particle number density and particle velocity vectors were also obtained to explain particle motion through convergent–divergent nozzle.
School bullying in the Jamaican context through an ecological lens
Authors: Smith Delores E , Kilpatrick Colton T
Published: August 2017

Childhood bullying is a grave breach of children’s human rights and a serious public health issue. The phenomenon has warranted research attention in developed societies and shown to have serious short- and long-term implications for individuals, families, and society as a whole. This article provides an overview of the school bullying phenomenon in Jamaica. Using the scant data from that context, we conclude that there is a high prevalence of bullying in Jamaican schools. Furthermore, a separate body of literature, albeit meager, has indicated an elevated incidence of mental health challenges among Jamaican children. Taken together, there is a compelling need for comprehensive anti-bullying policies and programs to reduce the level of violence to which children are exposed and involved. We offer theoretical and data-driven anti-bullying suggestions that have proven useful in preventing and reducing bullying in schools, and perhaps ultimately the wider society.
Hip Fractures in Elderly People: Surgery or No Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: van de Ree Cornelis L. P. , De Jongh Mariska A. C. , Peeters Charles M. M. , de Munter Leonie , Roukema Jan. A. , Gosens Taco
Published: August 2017

Introduction:

Increasing numbers of patients with hip fractures also have advanced comorbidities. A majority are treated surgically. However, a significantly increasing percentage of medically unfit patients with unacceptably high risk of perioperative death are treated nonoperatively. Important questions about patients’ prefracture quality of life (QOL) and future perspectives should be asked before considering different treatment options to assess what kind of treatment is advisable in frail elderly high-risk patients with a hip fracture.

Objective:

The aim of this review was to provide an overview of differences in mortality, health-related QOL [(HR)QOL], functional outcome, and costs between nonoperative management (NOM) and operative management (OM) of hip fractures in patients above 65 years.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was performed in EMBASE, OvidSP, PubMed, Cochrane Central, and Web of Science for observational studies and trials. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials comparing NOM with OM in hip fracture patients were selected. The methodological quality of the selected studies was assessed according to the Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies (MINORS) or Furlan checklist.

Results:

Seven observational studies were included with a total of 1189 patients, of whom 242 (20.3%) were treated conservatively. The methodological quality of the studies was moderate (mean: 14.7, standard deviation [SD]: 1.5). The 30-day and 1-year mortalities were higher in the nonoperative group (odds ratio [OR]: 3.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43-10.96; OR: 3.84, 95% CI: 1.57-9.41). None of the included studies compared QOL, functional outcome, or health-care costs between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:

This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that only a few studies with small number of patients comparing NOM with OM were published. A significantly higher 30-day and 1-year mortality was revealed in nonoperatively treated hip fracture patients. No data were found examining (HR)QOL and costs. Further work is needed to enable shared decision-making and to initiate NOM in frail elderly patients with advanced comorbidity and limited life expectancy.
Testing the Hip Abductor Muscle Strength of Older Persons Using a Handheld Dynamometer
Authors: Awwad Daniel H. , Buckley Jonathan D. , Thomson Rebecca L. , O’Connor Matthew , Carbone Tania A. , Chehade Mellick J.
Published: August 2017

Objective:

To investigate the reliability of a clinically applicable method of dynamometry to assess and monitor hip abductor muscle strength in older persons.

Design:

Bilateral isometric hip abductor muscle strength measured with a handheld dynamometer, patients supine with the contralateral hip positioned directly against a wall for stabilization. Reliability determined by comparing intra-assessor and inter-assessor results and comparison to a criterion standard (stabilized dynamometer with patients in the standing position).

Setting:

UniSA Nutritional Physiology Research Centre.

Participants:

Twenty-one patients older than 65 years were recruited from the Royal Adelaide Hospital.

Main Outcome Measures:

Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), bias, and limits of agreement calculated to determine reliability.

Results:

Intra-assessor and inter-assessor ICCs were high (0.94 and 0.92-0.94, respectively). There was no intra-assessor bias and narrow limits of agreement (±2.4%). There was a small inter-assessor bias but narrow limits of agreement (0.6%-0.9% and ± 2.3%, respectively). There was a wide variation comparing results to the criterion standard (±5.0%-5.2% limits of agreement), highlighting problems attributed to difficulties that the test population had with the standing position used in the criterion standard test.

Conclusions:

Testing older persons’ hip abductor muscle strength while in the supine position with optimal pelvic stabilization using a handheld dynamometer is highly reliable. While further studies must be done to assess patients with specific pathologies, this test has potential application to monitor and evaluate the effects of surgical interventions and/or rehabilitation protocols for a variety of conditions affecting hip abductor function such as hip fractures and arthritis.
Nursing Students’ Perceptions of the Transition to Shift Work: A Total Worker Health Perspective
Authors: Postma Julie , Tuell Erica , James Lois , Graves Janessa M. , Butterfield Patricia
Published: August 2017

Nursing students make an abrupt transition from traditional classes to clinical rotations and shift work. Little is known about students’ sleep, sleep disturbances, and safe practice behaviors during this critical phase of professional development. The purpose of this study was to identify nursing students’ perceptions of problems and potential solutions related to shift work and long work hours. This qualitative, descriptive study used two nursing student focus groups which engaged in a two-round participatory process aimed at framing future interventions. Participants identified problems and solutions related to personal and workplace well-being. Findings will inform undergraduate curricular revisions, and hospital hiring and managerial practices.
Symmetry in Bargaining and Efficient Contracts under Asymmetric Information
Authors: Sen Arijit
Published: August 2017

This paper shows that in a Spencian agency model, contract determination through alternating-offer bargaining can generate efficient outcomes. This result holds in parameter regimes in which the screening equilibrium (where the uninformed principal makes a take-it-or-leave-it offer to the agent) and the signalling equilibrium (where the informed agent makes a take-it-or-leave-it offer to the principal) both predict inefficient contracts. More generally, this paper clarifies that in negotiations under incomplete information involving interdependent values, symmetry in the bargaining protocol can limit the extent of allocation inefficiencies and can lead to ex post efficient agreements.
Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test Scores and Lower Extremity Injury in NCAA Division I Athletes
Authors: Lai Wilson C. , Wang Dean , Chen James B. , Vail Jeremy , Rugg Caitlin M. , Hame Sharon L.
Published: August 2017

Background:

Functional movement tests that are predictive of injury risk in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes are useful tools for sports medicine professionals. The Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-LQ) measures single-leg balance and reach distances in 3 directions.

Purpose:

To assess whether the YBT-LQ predicts the laterality and risk of sports-related lower extremity (LE) injury in NCAA athletes.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The YBT-LQ was administered to 294 NCAA Division I athletes from 21 sports during preparticipation physical examinations at a single institution. Athletes were followed prospectively over the course of the corresponding season. Correlation analysis was performed between the laterality of reach asymmetry and composite scores (CS) versus the laterality of injury. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal asymmetry cutoff score for YBT-LQ. A multivariate regression analysis adjusting for sex, sport type, body mass index, and history of prior LE surgery was performed to assess predictors of earlier and higher rates of injury.

Results:

Neither the laterality of reach asymmetry nor the CS correlated with the laterality of injury. ROC analysis found optimal cutoff scores of 2, 9, and 3 cm for anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach, respectively. All of these potential cutoff scores, along with a cutoff score of 4 cm used in the majority of prior studies, were associated with poor sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, none of the asymmetric cutoff scores were associated with earlier or increased rate of injury in the multivariate analyses.

Conclusion:

YBT-LQ scores alone do not predict LE injury in this collegiate athlete population. Sports medicine professionals should be cautioned against using the YBT-LQ alone to screen for injury risk in collegiate athletes.
Arterial branching and basal ganglia lacunes: A study in pure small vessel disease
Authors: Moreton Fiona C , Düring Marco , Phan Thanh , Srikanth Velandai , Beare Richard , Huang Xuya , Jouvent Eric , Chabriat Hugues , Dichgans Martin , Muir Keith W
Published: August 2017

Introduction

Lacunes are defined morphologically by size and location, but radiological characteristics alone may be unable to distinguish small vessel disease aetiology from alternative mechanisms. We investigated the branching order of arterial vessels associated with basal ganglia lacunes in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), in order to improve the understanding of their pathogenesis in pure cerebral small vessel disease.

Patients and methods

Adults with a confirmed diagnosis of CADASIL were included. A pilot study was conducted in a Scottish CADASIL cohort. The Paris–Munich CADASIL cohort was used for independent validation. Lacunes identified on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were registered to a standard brain template. A microangiographic template of the basal ganglia vasculature was automatically overlaid onto coronal slices, and raters estimated the vessel branching order related to each lacune.

Results

Of 179 lacunes, 150 (84%) were associated with third-order vessels. In 14 incident lacunes, 11 (79%) were associated with third-order vessels. In the pilot study, lacune volume was significantly lower in lacunes associated with third-order vessels (0.04 ml ± 0.04 ml) compared to second-order vessels (0.48 ± 0.16 ml; p < 0.001).

Discussion

In this study of CADASIL patients, most lacunes were small and associated with third-order vessel disease. This suggests that these are the vessels primarily affected in cerebral small vessel disease. Microangiographic template techniques could be used to further investigate in a general stroke population whether finding large lacunes originating from higher order vessels indicates an alternative cause of stroke.

Conclusion

Lacunes in pure small vessel disease are associated with the smallest vessels in the basal ganglia.
Gurimite, Ba3(VO4)2 and
hexacelsian, BaAl2Si2O8 – two new minerals
from schorlomite-rich paralava of the Hatrurim Complex, Negev Desert,
Israel
Authors: Galuskina Irina O. , Galuskin Evgeny V. , Vapnik Yevgeny , Prusik Krystian , Stasiak Marta , Dzierżanowski Piotr , Murashko Mikhail
Published: August 2017

Two new barium-bearing minerals: gurimite,
Ba3(VO4)2 (IMA2013-032) and hexacelsian,
BaAl2Si2O8 (IMA2015-045) were discovered
in veins of paralava cutting gehlenite-flamite hornfels located in the Gurim
Anticline in the Negev Desert, Israel. Gurimite and hexacelsian occur in
oval polymineralic inclusions in paralava and are associated with gehlenite,
pseudowollastonite or wollastonite, rankinite, flamite, larnite,
schorlomite, andradite, fluorapatite, fluorellestadite, kalsilite,
cuspidine, aradite, zadovite and khesinite. Gurimite and hexacelsian form
elongate crystals <10 μm thick. The minerals are colourless and
transparent with a white streak and vitreous lustre, and have (0001)
cleavage, respectively good in gurimite and very good in hexacelsian.
Fracture is irregular. Density calculated using empirical formulas gave
5.044 g cm–3 for gurimite and 3.305 g cm–3 for
hexacelsian. Mean refractive indexes, 1.945 and 1.561, respectively, were
also calculated using the empirical formulas and the Gladstone-Dale
relationship. The minerals are uniaxial and nonpleochroic. The following
empirical crystal chemical formulae were assigned to holotype gurimite:
(Ba2.794K0.092Ca0.084Na0.033Sr0.017)∑3.020(V1.8275+S0.0916+P0.0515+Al0.040Si0.005Fe0.0053+)∑2.017O8,and holotype hexacelsian:
(Ba0.911K0.059Ca0.042Na0.010)∑1.022Al1.891Fe0.0723+Si2.034O8. The Raman spectrum of
hexacelsian is similar to the one of the synthetic disordered
β-BaAl2Si2O8. The Raman spectrum of
gurimite is identical to that of synthetic
Ba3(VO4)2. The electron back-scattered
diffraction (EBSD) pattern of gurimite was fitted to the structure of its
synthetic analogue with the cell parameters of
R3m, a =
5.784(1),c = 21.132(1) Å, V = 612.2(2)
Å3, Z = 3, giving a mean angular deviation =
0.43° (good fit). The Raman spectra of hexacelsian and its EBSD pattern
suggest that natural hexacelsian corresponds to disordered synthetic
β-hexacelsian P63/mcm,
a = 5.2920(4) Å, c = 15.557(2) Å, α = β
= 90°, γ = 120°. We suggest that after relatively fast crystallization of
the main constituents of the paralava, gurimite, hexacelsian and also other
Ba-bearing phases crystallized from residual melt enriched in incompatible
elements that filled interstices between crystals of the main
constituents.
New data on hemihedrite from Arizona
Authors: Lafuente B. , Downs R. T. , Origlieri M. J. , Domanik K. J. , Gibbs R. B. , Rumsey M. S.
Published: August 2017

Hemihedrite from the Florence Lead-Silver mine in Pinal County, Arizona, USA was first described and assigned the ideal chemical formula Pb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2F2, based upon a variety of chemical and crystal-structure analyses. The primary methods used to determine the fluorine content for hemihedrite were colorimetry, which resulted in values of F that were too high and inconsistent with the structural data, and infrared (IR) spectroscopic analysis that failed to detect OH or H2O. Our reinvestigation using electron microprobe analysis of the type material, and additional samples from the type locality, the Rat Tail claim, Arizona, and Nevada, reveals the absence of fluorine, while the presence of OH is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. These findings suggest that the colorimetric determination of fluorine in the original description of hemihedrite probably misidentified F due to the interferences from PO4and SO4, both found in our chemical analyses. As a consequence of these results, the study presented here proposes a redefinition of the chemical composition of hemihedrite to the ideal chemical formula Pb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2. Hemihedrite is isotypic with iranite with substitution of Zn for Cu, and raygrantite with substitution of Cr for S. Structural data from a sample from the Rat Tail claim, Arizona, indicate that hemihedrite is triclinic in space groupP1,a= 9.4891(7),b= 11.4242(8),c= 10.8155(7) Å, α = 120.368(2)°, β = 92.017(3)°, γ = 55.857(2)°,V= 784.88(9) Å3,Z= 1, consistent with previous investigations. The structure was refined from singlecrystal X-ray diffraction data toR1= 0.022 for 5705 unique observed reflections, and the ideal chemical formula Pb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2was assumed during the refinement. Electron microprobe analyses of this sample yielded the empirical chemical formula Pb10.05(Zn0.91Mg0.02)∑ = 0.93(Cr5.98S0.01P0.01)∑ = 6.00Si1.97O34H2.16based on 34 O atoms and six (Cr + S + P) per unit cell.
Mixing of basaltic and andesitic magmas in the Bazman volcanic
field of southeastern Iran as inferred from plagioclase
zoning
Authors: Firouzkouhi Zahra , Ahmadi Ali , Richard Lentz David , Moridi-Farimani Ali-Asghar
Published: August 2017

Late Cenozoic basalts of the Bazman volcanic field, Makran volcanic arc of
southern Iran, contain two types of plagioclase feldspar phenocrysts with
significant textural and compositional differences. The most common type is
rather homogeneous with only weak zoning and maximum An content of 83 mol.%.
The less common type of phenocryst exhibits complex zoning and, other than
rims, is close in composition and similar in texture to those of associated
andesites. This type of plagioclase phenocryst is characterized by an
engulfed core with oscillatory zoning, which is overgrown by sieve-textured,
moderately zoned mantle, and a relatively narrow rim. In both rock types,
the An content of the core is between 40 and 63 mol.% with abrupt
fluctuations. No significant correlation between An content and MgO, FeO,
SrO and BaO is apparent in the core of phenocrysts in basalts. Anorthite
content of the core of phenocrysts in andesites inversely correlates with
SrO and BaO. The mantle of plagioclase phenocrysts in both rock types is
characterized by sharp increases of An (up to 41 mol.%), MgO, and FeO, in
the contact with the core. Anorthite correlates positively with MgO and FeO
in the mantle, but correlation between An and SrO and BaO is not evident. It
is assumed that plagioclase phenocrysts originally crystallizing from the
host andesitic magma were interrupted by mixing with a hotter, juvenile
basaltic magma. The resulting changes in temperature, composition, and
H2O content of the surrounding melt caused compositional
zonation, and the development of resorption in the cores and sieve texture
in the mantles. As the An contents of the rims of the phenocrysts resemble
the average An content of the groundmass plagioclases in both rock types, it
is thought that the two involved magmas gained their independent physical
identity before the formation of compositionally-distinct rims of
plagioclase phenocrysts.
Compositional variation of turquoise-group minerals from the historical collection of the Real Museo Mineralogico of the University of Naples
Authors: Rossi Manuela , Rizzi Rosanna , Vergara Alessandro , Capitelli Francesco , Altomare Angela , Bellatreccia Fabio , Saviano Michele , Ghiara Rosaria M.
Published: August 2017

Five turquoise samples, belonging to the XVII century historical collection of the Real Museo Mineralogico (University of Naples Federico II), were investigated by a multi-methodological approach based on powder X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe analysis in wavelength-dispersive spectroscopy mode, backscattered electron images from scanning electron microscopy in energy-dispersive spectroscopy mode, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy.

The samples originate from Sinai (Egypt), Santa Fè S. Miguel (New Mexico), Saxony (Germany), Montebras Creuse (France) and Nishapur (Khorassan, Iran) and display different mineralogical compositions and various mineral associations. The study has shown the presence of: (1) four minerals of the turquoise group: turquoise, faustite, chalcosiderite and planerite; (2) other phosphates from different groups: wavellite, crandallite, goyazite, gorceixite, variscite, metavariscite, fluorapatite; and (3) other minerals: voltaite, adularia and quartz.

The present investigation is intended to show the mineralogical and geochemical variability of the samples with particular attention to the mineralogical parageneses, textural analyses and trace-element concentrations.
Millsite, CuTeO3·2H2O: a new polymorph of teineite from Gråurdfjellet, Oppdal, Norway
Authors: Rumsey Michael S. , Welch Mark D. , Mo Frode , Kleppe Annette K. , Spratt John , Kampf Anthony R. , Raanes Morten P.
Published: August 2017

Millsite, CuTeO3·2H2O, is a new mineral from Gråurdfjellet in Oppdal, Norway. It occurs as a minor secondary phase alongside teineite, other copper secondaries and relict primary tellurides in a boulder of quartz-rich granite, which is probably a glacial erratic. Millsite is bright cyan to royal blue in colour. The mineral is transparent to slightly translucent with a vitreous lustre and has a perfect (100) cleavage. It is brittle, has a conchoidal fracture and a pale green streak. Millsite is optically biaxial (+), α = 1.756(5), β = 1.794(5), γ = 1.925calc and 2Vmeas = 60(1)°. Millsite has monoclinic space group P21/c, with a = 7.4049(2) Å, b = 7.7873(2) Å, c = 8.5217(2) Å, β = 110.203(3)°, V = 461.17(2) Å3 and Z = 4. The empirical formula is Cu0.99(Te0.98Se0.02)O3(H2O)2. The five strongest reflections in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [dhkl in Å (hkl, Irel%)]: 6.954 (100, 100), 3.558 (012, 64), 2.838 (12$\bar 2$, 47), 2.675 (211, 43) and 3.175 (210, 39). The crystal structure has been determined to R1 = 0.016, wR2 = 0.036 and GooF = 1.049. The diagnostic structural unit of millsite consists of a Cu2O6(H2O)4 dimer that is decorated with four TeO3 groups connecting adjacent dimers and defining (100) heteropolyhedral sheets. These heteropolyhedral sheets are only connected by layers of structurally significant hydrogen bonds and correlate with the (100) cleavage. Millsite is a polymorph of teineite with a unique configuration of the M2O6(H2O)4 dimer that leads to a sheet topology. No isostructural selenium or tellurium analogue exists. The monoclinic polymorph (P21/c) of chalcomenite ‘monoclinic-CuSeO3·2H2O’ hereafter, ahlfeldite and MgSeO3·2H2O have M2O6(H2O)4 dimers, but their configuration differs significantly from that of millsite and leads to a framework topology rather than a sheet. Teineite does not have a dimeric structure and so is fundamentally different from millsite. The sheet topology of millsite appears to be unique among tellurites.
Folvikite, Sb5+Mn3+(Mg,Mn2+)10O8(BO3)4, a new oxyborate mineral from the Kitteln mine, Nordmark ore district, Värmland, Sweden: description and crystal structure
Authors: Cooper Mark A. , Raade Gunnar , Ball Neil A. , Abdu Yassir A. , Hawthorne Frank C. , Rowe Ralph
Published: August 2017

Folvikite, Sb5+Mn3+(Mg,Mn2+)10O8(BO3)4, is a new oxyborate mineral from the Kitteln mine, Värmland, Sweden, where it occurs as a primary skarn mineral embedded in calcite. It forms striated prismatic crystals up to 0.3 mm, and is black to dark reddish-brown with submetallic lustre and a reddish-brown streak. It is brittle, has a Mohs hardness of 6, and the calculated density is 4.14 g/cm3. Folvikite is biaxial with indeterminate optic sign due to pervasive twinning. The optic axial angle is 68.9(4)°. Refractive indices were not measured; the calculated mean refractive index is 1.85. Strong pleochroism was observed in plane-polarized light: AB = brown (intermediate), OB = dark brown (maximum) and ON = honey brown (minimum). Folvikite is monoclinic, space group P2, a = 5.3767(10), b = 6.2108(10), c = 10.9389(18) Å, β = 94.399(9)°, V = 364.22(16) Å3 and Z = 1. Chemical analysis by electron microprobe gave Sb2O5 18.15, MgO 24.11, MnO 29.73, Mn2O3 11.62, Al2O3 0.27, Fe2O3 0.45, B2O3 15.27, sum 99.60 wt.%. The B2O3 content was assigned as B = 4 apfu and the Mn2O3 / (MnO + Mn2O3) ratio was determined from the crystal structure. The empirical formula was normalized on the basis of 20 anions pfu: (Sb5+1.02Mn3+1.34Al0.05Fe3+0.05Mg5.46Mn2+3.82□0.26)Σ12O8(BO3)4. A simplified formula may be written as Sb5+Mn3+(Mg,Mn2+)10O8(BO3)4 with Z = 1. The crystal structure was solved by direct methods and refined to an R1 index of 4.1%. Folvikite is a member of the (3 Å) zigzag wallpaper-borate structures in which chains of edge-sharing octahedra extend along the c axis and are cross-linked by BO3 groups. There are five X sites partly occupied by Mn2+ > Mg, one octahedrally coordinated M-site occupied by Sb5+ > Mg, two M sites occupied by Mg ≥ Mn > Sb5+, two M sites occupied by Mn3+ > Mn2+, two M sites occupied by Mg > Mn2+, and one M-site occupied by Mg > □; plus two [3]-coordinated B sites occupied by B. As with the other zigzag borates, the polyhedra are arranged in F-walls, C-walls and S-columns.
Activated protein C light chain provides an extended binding surface for its anticoagulant cofactor, protein S
Authors: Fernández José A. , Xu Xiao , Sinha Ranjeet K. , Mosnier Laurent O. , Sanner Michel F. , Griffin John H.
Published: August 2017

Key Points

Protein S anticoagulant cofactor sensitivity and PAR1 cleavage activity were assayed for 9 recombinant APC mutants. Residues L38, K43, I73, F95, and W115 on one face of the APC light chain define an extended surface containing the protein S binding site.
Rectangular cone b-metric spaces over Banach algebra and contraction principle
Authors: George Reny , Nabwey Hossam A , Rajagopalan R , Radenović Stojan , Reshma KP
Published: August 2017

Rectangular cone b-metric spaces over a Banach algebra are introduced as a generalization of metric space and many of its generalizations. Some fixed point theorems are proved in this space and proper examples are provided to establish the validity and superiority of our results. An application to solution of linear equations is given which illustrates the proper application of the results in spaces over Banach algebra.