bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends and prospects for the development of legal regulation of organization and activities of public councils as the subjects of the public control in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Saratov State University, Berdnikova Elena V.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The issues of determining the legal status and organizational aspects of the activities of public councils as the subjects of public control represent one of the most pressing areas for the development of scientific knowledge in the field of functioning of civil society institutions. Theoretical analysis. Based on the approaches to the theoretical definition of the legal nature of public councils that exist in the science of constitutional law today, we can conclude that these institutions can be considered from the point of view of power relations, in particular, as public authorities, bodies of popular representation, public administration bodies. Empirical analysis. The main feature of the normative legal regulation of the activities of public councils is the fragmented nature of consolidating their legal status in various legal documents. At the same time, an urgent problem is the lack of acts at the federal level that would establish the legal status and law-making competence of public councils under local governments. Results. It is proposed to normatively consolidate the ability of citizens to create territorial public councils as autonomous subjects of public control at the municipal level, which would act outside the institutional link to local governments, but would have the same rights as other subjects of public control activities.
Motivating and stimulating effect on the organization of territorial public self-government
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Nigmetzyanov Almaz A.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The reform of local self-government is an established trend in the activities of the legislative body of the Russian Federation. There is a search for an optimal model of the organization of the system of public authorities at the settlement level. At the same time, the legislation on local self-government provides for institutions that can take on some of the responsibilities for solving issues of local importance. The article deals with the issues of the legal nature of territorial public self-government. The author focuses on the correlation of the concepts of “motivation” and “stimulation”. Results. In the public legal sphere, the state uses various ways to influence participants in public relations in order to encourage them to make positive decisions. To a large extent, these tools are imperative. For example, creation of municipalities throughout the country is imperative; the norm of the Federal Law “On General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation” regarding the establishment of a system of mandatory local self-government bodies is imperative. However, the law also contains a significant number of dispositive norms. They are characterized by the absence of the obligation of the subjects of the right to perform certain socially significant actions. For example, the law provides for the possibility of establishing a territorial public self-government (TPSG). But residents of settlements have no obligation to create them, therefore, this provision of the law on the possibility of creating TPSG is dispositive, it orients citizens to the establishment of these associations, being, in fact, motivational. Conclusions. Motivational and stimulating components in the system of methods of state influence on public relations are clearly manifested in the establishment and activity of territorial public selfgovernment. The motivational component in influencing public law relations is not the subject of close attention of scientists, although normsgoals, norms-principles increasingly influence the development of priorities for social development, the formulation of relevant legal norms, having only motivation in their arsenal of influence.
Compassion in The Process of Recovering Traffic Victims: A Qualitative Study on Road Traffic Accident Experience
Authors: Saidah Saidah Yustika , Rizaldo Picas Senna , Latipun
Published: September 2024

Traffic accidents cause victims to suffer minor injuries or physical disabilities and even death. Traffic accidents are unpredictable, but they can have an impact on the health of their victims both physically and psychologically. However, in reality, many victims of traffic accidents receive treatment for physical injuries, with only a small proportion receiving treatment for mental health issues resulting from the accident. This is because traffic accidents are perceived as painful experiences that result in suffering. A person who is suffering from a painful experience may stop when they find meaning behind the experience. This research focuses on finding the meaning and the formation of positive attitudes that vary in each individual who has experienced an accident. The research method used is a qualitative phenomenological approach with a sample selection technique of purposive sampling. Furthermore, data were collected through indepth interviews and observation methods and then the data were processed using descriptive phenomenological methods. The results showed that in dealing with accidents, psychological responses can vary depending on individual conditions and experiences. Self-compassion, social support, condition adjustment, acceptance, and self-care are factors in the recovery process of accident victims. In some cases, accident victims face limitations in daily activities and must adjust to the conditions they experience. Support from family, friends, and self-acceptance are also influential in facilitating a faster recovery.
Navigating Bureaucracy: Principles, Practices and Strategies for Effective Engagement
Authors: Guragain Govinda Prasad , Pokharel Saroj , Adhikari Bhawani Shankar , Mallik Sabita Kumari
Published: September 2024

Since time immemorial, bureaucracy has existed worldwide in various forms, evolving in style and function to adapt to changing societal needs. Initially, societies in both the East and West employed guardian, caste-based, and patronage systems. Today, however, nearly all nations have shifted towards merit-based bureaucracy, where individuals' academic qualifications determine entry into civil service, replacing caste and patronage considerations.
Bureaucrats, often referred to as the permanent government, are paid officials crucial for the success of governance. The fate of a nation often rests in the hands of honest, experienced, and efficient bureaucrats. Nevertheless, bureaucracy worldwide is plagued by issues such as rampant corruption, bureaucratic red tape, and administrative delays, albeit to varying degrees.
Although the term "bureaucracy" was coined by French economist Vincent Drourney, it was Max Weber who elevated its understanding and popularity globally. In Nepal, meritocracy in bureaucracy was adopted in 1956 to replace the oligarchic and aristocratic structures of the Rana regime. The United States pioneered merit-based bureaucracy with the Pendleton Act of 1883. Bureaucrats serve as the executors of government policies, essential stakeholders, and agents of societal change and development. They are expected to act as catalysts for societal transformation through effective governance.
Competence and Performance of Physical Education Teachers in Selected Secondary Schools of Calamba city
Authors: Matira Emerald T. , Ofrin Darwin D.
Published: September 2024

This study looks into the difficulties and competency levels that physical education instructors in Calamba City's public secondary schools encounter. The study combines quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with teacher respondents through a mixed-methods methodology. Overall performance was regarded as highly satisfactory in instruction, classroom management, learning climate, and assessment. The data show that teachers exhibit excellent competence in pre-instruction, presentation, learning environment, and professionalism. The study concludes that while there were no significant differences in other areas of ability, educational attainment has a substantial impact on pre-instruction competence. Bachelor's degree holders and those with doctorate units showed disparities in pre-instruction competence. Years of service have a major impact on presentation skills and pre-instruction, but not on professionalism or the learning environment. Furthermore, educational attainment affects assessment competence and performance in the learning climate, but it has little to no bearing on managerial competence and no discernible impact on instruction. While it has little effect on assessment performance, teaching experience in the MAPEH (Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health) disciplines has a considerable impact on management competence, instructional competence, and learning atmosphere. Overall, there is a positive relationship between teachers' performance and competency; however, management performance and planning competence are unrelated. To solve noted issues and raise teacher competency, the report suggests funding allocation, curriculum modification, and ongoing professional development. It is recommended that more studies be conducted to investigate other variables affecting teachers' performance and competency in physical education.
Optimization of the process of heating an oil and gas condensate mixture by light naphtha vapor in heat – exchanger condenser 10E04
Authors:   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shomansurov Fozilbek F. ,   Fergena Pollytechnic Institute, Auesbaev Alisher U. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan; Branch of Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (NRU) in Tashkent, Ismailov Oybek Y. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khurmamatov Abdugaffor M. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khametov Zamirbek M. ,   Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Muminov Jalolidin A. ,   Tashkent Institute of Chemical Technology
Published: September 2024

The constant growth in the cost of energy carriers leads to finding the ways to reduce production costs and efficient use of energy resources by optimizing the technological regimes of oil refineries. Based on the current state of the resource base and the country's growing needs for oil and gas resources, the introduction of modern technologies for maintaining and intensifying the production and processing of oil and gas, the priority is to increase the energy efficiency of the fuel and energy complex. In this aspect, scientific research aimed at the efficient use of the heat of process flows in the stage of thermal preparation of local hydrocarbon raw materials for distillation, the development of new, energy and resource-saving technologies for the production of petroleum products, the optimization of the technological regimes of oil refineries in order to increase their thermal efficiency and reduce the cost of manufacture of petroleum products, the synthesis of technological schemes with a rational number of apparatus for the thermal preparation of raw materials for distillation is of great importance. Based on this, a mathematical model has been developed for the process of thermal preparation of an oil and gas condensate mixture for distillation, which makes it possible to determine the energetically optimal heat exchange surface of the apparatus. Аs a system of equations, the objective function of the optimality criterion is formulated – the specific technological prime cost of the heated oil and gas condensate mixture, which includes changes in the power consumption for its pumping and depreciation deductions for heat exchange equipment depending on parameters the process. On the grounds of investigation of the influence of technological parameters – temperature, composition, and consumption of raw materials in the pipe, as well as steam pressure in the annulus on the efficiency of heat transfer in an industrial heat exchanger, the optimal operating conditions for the heat exchanger 10E-04 at the Bukhara Oil Refinery have been identified: Finter = 219 m2, Cp = 0.010825 USD/kg, A = 0.010825 USD/kg, Cst = 0.02165 USD/kg, and t = 107.3°C, with a specified throughput of Grm = 105 508.3 kg/h.
Eugenia e educação nos discursos de Renato Kehl e Octavio Domingues
Authors: Melo Vinícius Dias de , Vitorino Artur José Renda
Published: September 2024

Os discursos eugênicos afetaram decisivamente o mundo no século XX. No Brasil, pode-se destacar a contribuição de Renato Ferraz Kehl e Octavio Domingues, como os principais produtores de manuais educacionais sobre os temas da educação eugênica. Com o aporte teórico de Michel Foucault, foram evidenciadas algumas táticas engendradas para promover uma formação de docentes e discentes em torno da educação eugênica. Conclui-se, quanto aos discursos de Renato Kehl e Octavio Domingues, que a educação eugênica no Brasil foi o principal cenário do movimento eugênico e que esses autores contribuíram para a construção de novas concepções sobre educação eugênica para o contexto brasileiro e organizaram, discursivamente, a eugenia dentro do ambiente educacional.
Argumentação no ensino e na aprendizagem de Matemática básica: uma metapesquisa
Authors: Mello Addelia Elizabeth Neyrão de , Nunes José Messildo Viana
Published: September 2024

O objetivo desta investigação foi analisar pesquisas publicadas no período de 2014 a 2018 no Brasil, que abordam a prática da argumentação na escola básica, levantadas no catálogo de teses e dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, com a finalidade de sintetizar ideias, investigar contribuições, classificar, encontrar similaridades e divergências entre os estudos. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo, norteada pelas diretrizes para leitura, análise e interpretação de textos em função da metanálise, com enfoque nos resumos encontrados. Os resultados indicam duas tendências de abordagem: a busca por relacionar a argumentação ao pensamento formal da matemática, e a argumentação como difusora de comunicação em sala de aula, sem necessariamente ter como fim o discurso formal da matemática, além da necessidade de mais estudos sobre a abordagem da argumentação no ensino e na aprendizagemde matemática.
Análise da categoria conteúdo-forma: a HQ da obra “Senhora” de José de Alencar
Authors: Sanches Gislaine Gomes Granado , Franco Sandra Aparecida Pires
Published: September 2024

A sociedade letrada contemporânea exige sujeitos leitores capazes de fazer uma análise crítica do real, que saibam se posicionar com decisões equilibradas e assertivas. É papel da escola formar leitores competentes. A leitura literária tem um rico conteúdo cultural que ajuda o aluno a refletir sobre as questões sociais. As categorias dialéticas ajudam na formação do saber e compreensão do mundo. Desse modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a obra “Senhora” de José de Alencar com base na categoria conteúdo-forma a fim de compreender sua contribuição para a formação de leitores críticos e reflexivos. Como metodologia utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem crítico-dialética. O resultado alcançado consiste na compreensão de que a relação conteúdo e forma contribui significativamente para o desenvolvimento da consciência, desperta o desejo pela leitura, e, por conseguinte, ajuda na formação de leitores críticos e reflexivos.
Um trailer como sedução para a aprendizagem histórica sobre a Idade Média
Authors: Lia Cristine Fortes , Hasse Felipe de Almeida , Monteiro Katani
Published: September 2024

Este artigo discute o uso do trailer como recurso mobilizador para a aprendizagem sobre a Idade Média. O trailer aqui sugerido foi produzido a partir de uma ampla pesquisa sobre o festival de recriação de história medieval, o Epic Festival, considerado neste texto enquanto “medievalidade” (Macedo, 2011), ou seja, como apropriações do senso comum sobre o passado medieval. Problematiza-se o trailer como um formato fílmico ainda pouco explorado em pesquisas acadêmicas, mas com potencialidade educativa no sentido de “seduzir” crianças e jovens estudantes da educação básica de ensino para o querer conhecer, entender e perceber as diversas apropriações e usos que o presente faz do passado medieval. A pesquisa em torno do Epic Festival deu-se a partir da análise de uma variedade de fontes: periódicas, imagéticas, material de divulgação, roteiros dos encontros e pela produção de narrativas orais de organizadores e participantes do Epic Festival.
Sexualidade e educação sexual nos cursos de licenciatura em Pedagogia: um eixo formativo desafiador
Authors: Malagi Aline , Slongo Iône Inês Pinsson
Published: September 2024

Trata-se de estudo que abordou as relações entre formação de Pedagogos/as e Educação Sexual. Teve o objetivo de analisar o modo como os cursos de Licenciatura em Pedagogia concebem e orientam a formação docente, visando a abordagem da Sexualidade como uma demanda fundamental da formação humana a ser realizada nos espaços educacionais. O tema é complexo, multidimensional e necessita ser adequado à fase de desenvolvimento dos educandos, portanto, os docentes necessitam de formação inicial e continuada. O estudo é parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla (Malagi, 2020), de abordagem qualitativa (Flick, 2009; Minayo, 2016), do tipo bibliográfica e documental e analisou os currículos dos 118 cursos de Licenciatura em Pedagogia ofertados por 93 Universidades Públicas Federais brasileiras. Buscou pelos componentes curriculares (CCRs) ligados à formação docente para a abordagem da Sexualidade e Educação Sexual na infância. O estudo explicitou dados relevantes que permitiram inferir sobre a influência positiva das políticas curriculares recentes sobre a formação de pedagogos/as, no sentido de promover o estudo da temática e temas afins, nos cursos de Licenciatura em Pedagogia. Além disto, os dados justificam fortemente a inclusão desta temática em uma agenda nacional de pesquisa sobre a formação docente para os anos iniciais da escolaridade.
W reakcji na powojenną przemoc antysemicką
Authors: Rykała Andrzej
Published: September 2024

Żydowska samoobrona powstała w wyniku przetaczającej się przez Polskę fali mordów ocalałych z Zagłady, „antyżydowskich prowokacji, napadów na pociągi i zabijania Żydów znajdujących się w nich, wreszcie kulminacyjnego punktu działalności antyżydowskiej band”, jakim był pogrom kielecki.
Podjęty temat dotyczy permanentnego powojennego zagrożenia fizycznego Żydów oraz ich reakcji na to zagrożenie. Autor starannie opisuje codzienną rzeczywistość przemocy na terenie całego kraju, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem regionu łódzkiego. Te mikroopisy dają dobry wgląd w aurę otaczającą Żydów i motywację prześladowców. Autor eksploruje nowe źródła historyczne i przetwarza pochodzące z nich dane – posługując się kartograficzną metodą prezentacji – w pionierski sposób na gruncie polskiego piśmiennictwa. Uszczegóławia naszą wiedzę, a jednocześnie weryfikuje i podsumowuje wnioski innych badaczy. Książka jest przykładem dzieła, w którym specjalistyczna metoda i opis ludzkich dramatów pozostają ze sobą w harmonii.
Helena Datner(Żydowski Instytut Historyczny)
La democracia latinoamericana en crisis. Antimodelos y tendencias autoritarias
Authors: Novak Fabián , Namihas Sandra
Published: September 2024

El libro que en esta oportunidad se ofrece a la comunidad académica y al público en general responde a la preocupación del Instituto de Estudios Internacionales (IDEI) de la Pontiϐicia Universidad Católica del Perú respecto de la situación de la democracia representativa en la región.
Las relaciones entre el Perú y Bolivia (1826-2013)
Authors: Novak Fabián , Namihas Sandra
Published: September 2024

La pacífica definición de sus límites terrestres y lacustres, los reiterados intentos por confederarse y conformar una sola unidad, su condominio exclusivo e indivisible sobre el lago Titicaca, la celebración de los Convenios de Ilo —que intentan paliar la mediterraneidad boliviana y establecer una base común de integración y desarrollo económico—, la cooperación fronteriza, las intensas y recíprocas visitas presidenciales, la colaboración en el combate a delitos y crímenes transnacionales, sumado al incremento del turismo, comercio e inversión, son una prueba de los esfuerzos desplegados por ambos países por fortalecer y privilegiar su relación y, así, honrar su condición de países hermanos. Esta obra, precisamente, intenta repasar la historia diplomática entre estos dos países, desde su nacimiento como repúblicas independientes hasta el segundo año de gobierno del Presidente Ollanta Humala, buscando con ello contribuir a la compresión de nuestras largas y complejas relaciones bilaterales y, a partir de ello, a su consolidación y fortalecimiento.
Las potencias del cambio. Rusia, India y China en la transformación del orden internacional
Authors: Alcalde Cardoza Javier
Published: September 2024

La estructura de este libro, después de una breve excursión conceptual e histórica (capítulo 1), está planteada cronológicamente, de acuerdo con la sucesión de los momentos de alto impacto que cada una de las tres potencias tuvo sobre la evolución del orden internacional. Rusia, desde el ascenso del Imperio ruso a la categoría de gran potencia, en 1709 (capítulos 2 y 3). Dos y medio siglos más tarde, durante el período de la Guerra Fría, primero India (1947), con su tardía pero auspiciosa aparición como Estado (capítulo 4), y treinta años después China (1978), con la reorientación de su modelo económico hacia los mercados mundiales (capítulo 5). Nuestra perspectiva pretende dar una idea sobre aspectos como de dónde vienen estas potencias, cuáles han sido los propósitos que las han guiado en su evolución interna e internacional, cuáles han sido sus principales logros y fracasos, y cuáles son sus fortalezas y debilidades actuales. Nuestro análisis llega básicamente hasta 2015. Finalmente, es necesario mencionar que este libro se ha elaborado sobre la base de la revisión y ampliación de trabajos del autor publicados anteriormente, por la misma Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, principalmente por el Instituto de Estudios Internacionales (IDEI) y también por la Escuela de Gobierno.
La política exterior de Donald Trump y su impacto en América Latina
Authors: Novak Fabián , Namihas Sandra
Published: September 2024

La elección de Donald Trump como presidente de Estados Unidos de América ha dado lugar a diversas publicaciones académicas, periodísticas y biográficas, que no solo tratan de retratar las características de este personaje sino de analizar las políticas que tanto interna como externamente viene desarrollando, así como el impacto de estas en el mundo. Y es que Trump desde la campaña electoral mostró signos poco tradicionales en la política estadounidense, los mismos que provocaron desconcierto y hasta temor entre sus históricos aliados y, más aún, en sus rivales.
El Perú en el escenario internacional en las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI
Authors: Chan Sánchez Julio
Published: September 2024

Este trabajo presenta un análisis de la política exterior del Perú en lo que va del siglo XXI. El centro de atención es vislumbrar cómo las acciones exteriores peruanas han contribuido a mantener y/o fortalecer el orden existente en sus distintos niveles relevantes: internacional, hemisférico, regional (Latinoamericano, Asiático-Pacífico, Sudamericano).
Dependencia y resistencia en la Amazonía colonial ecuatoriana: un estudio de cuentas de vidrio de una urna funeraria
Authors: Viteri Toledo Tamia , Mader Christian
Published: September 2024

La evidencia de cuentas de vidrio reportadas en contextos arqueológicos prehispánicos y coloniales en la Amazonía ecuatoriana ha sido poco frecuente en la literatura académica. No obstante, el hallazgo inédito de un hallazgo inédito de un grupo de ellas en una urna funeraria catalogada como fase Napo de la colección del Museo Arqueológico y Centro Cultural de Orellana-EP, permite destacar su uso en prácticas funerarias que prevalecieron en un contexto colonial con fuertes dependencias asimétricas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el análisis tipológico de un conjunto de cuentas de vidrio para discutir las redes de intercambio y usos de este material de origen europeo entre la sociedad colonial y las sociedades indígenas amazónicas. Los resultados comparativos con ejemplares similares del continente americano, señalan que estas fueron ampliamente utilizadas entre los siglos XVII y XIX en diversos contextos amazónicos de entierros secundarios en urnas, permitiendo la renovación y resistencia de estas prácticas durante el periodo colonial y posiblemente republicano.
Integrated Curriculum Management with Local Content in Improving the Quality of Institutions at MA Raudlatul Ulum Putri
Authors: Tazkiyah Ianatut , Abidin Munirul , Malik Karim Amrullah Abdul
Published: September 2024

The competence of students is developed by educational institutions in an effort to achieve educational visions and missions based on educational goals. Policies related to student graduation at this time are not based on the results of the National Examination, but are based on school/madrasah decisions. Madrasas have a responsibility for the graduation predicate of students. Graduation criteria are determined by each educational unit. Thus, the value of local content is also considered in graduation. Not only implementing educational goals in general, but the values of local wisdom must also be in the curriculum. The objectives of the study were to find out, (1) the integrated curriculum planning model used in developing student competencies at MA Raudlatul Ulum Putri, (2) how to organize an integrated curriculum with local content, (3) how to implement an integrated curriculum with content, (4) how curriculum evaluation is integrated with local content. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. The research began in November 2021-January 2022 at the MA Raudlatul Ulum Putri Ganjaran Gondanglegi Malang. Collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation and verification. Checking the validity of the data used triangulation of sources, methods and data. The results of this study are (1) the planning used in developing an integrated curriculum using the rational-interactive model, (2) the organization used is curriculum integration, globally it is integrating the curriculum of the Ministry of Religion and Local Content (kitab turats). In particular, integrated interdisciplinary science. (3) The implementation of the curriculum is guided by the Decree of the Minister of Religion Number 184 of 2019, but replaces some group B subjects with other local content. (4) Curriculum evaluation is that the lesson plans have not been fully realized. The minority of students are not alumni of Islamic boarding schools or madrasas, so they are not familiar with the turats book when they first enter the madrasa and need to maximize the Book Reading Guidance (BMK) specifically for new students who are still lacking in their ability to learn the turats book.
Mortalidad de pacientes internados por pie diabético en un hospital de Costa Rica (2017-2019)
Authors: Rojas-Bonilla José María , Camacho-Álvarez Yeimi , Campos-Zamora Kattia , Román-González Tania , Alvarado-Prado Rebeca , Romero-Zúñiga Juan José
Published: September 2024

Objective: To identify clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with mortality in patients hospitalized for diabetic foot, in the Diabetic Foot Unit of the San Juan de Dios Hospital in Costa Rica, from 2017 to 2019.
Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study with 238 patients, followed from hospitalization until death or until December 31, 2021, still alive. A descriptive analysis is made of the sociodemographic, clinical, and cause of death variables. A Cox proportional hazards model is run for all causes of death, and another exclusively for death from cardiovascular causes. Survival times are analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves, with the log-rank test for comparison.
Results: Most of the deceased were men, did not have a partner, lived in urban or predominantly urban areas, were 15 years or older, diabetic, hypertensive, with peripheral arterial disease, anemia, inadequate glycosylated hemoglobin, and obesity. The mortality rate was 23,53%, and cardiovascular disease was the main cause of death (35,70%). The variables associated with all-cause mortality, adjusted for age and sex were: absence of a partner (HR: 13,09; 95% CI: 4,04-42,31), obesity (HR: 2,89; 95% CI %: 1,59-5,27), peripheral arterial disease (HR: 2,26; CI 95%: 1,25-4,09), years of evolution of diabetes mellitus ≥ 15 years (HR: 1,99; CI 95 %: 1,04-3,82). In turn, for cardiovascular mortality were: obesity (HR: 6,42; 95% CI: 2,07-19,87), peripheral arterial disease (HR: 3,88; 95% CI: 1,39-10,79) and heart disease (HR: 4,11; 95% CI: 1,62-10,46).
Conclusions: Evolution of diabetes mellitus greater than or equal to 15 years, not having a partner, obesity and peripheral arterial disease were associated with all-cause mortality. Regarding death from cardiovascular disease, the associated variables were obesity, peripheral arterial disease, and heart disease.
Seguridad alimentaria, consumo y COVID-19: un estudio observacional en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Alvarez-Ramírez María Magdalena , Luzanía Valerio Manuel Salvador , Ortiz Chacha Christian Soledad , López Galindo Lol Ki Itzel , Pérez Juárez Miriam Celia
Published: September 2024

Objective: To determine the degree of security and food insecurity of university students and their homes in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out with 110 university students from the faculty of nutrition in the Xalapa region of the Universidad Veracruzana (UV), through an online survey in which they reported individual information and information on their household members. The online survey was hosted on the platform of the survey system of the University Coordination of Observatories (CUO) of the UV and was applied during november 2020.
Results: Due to the pandemic situation, half of the respondents reported that their food expenses decreased,this was also affected because, in this period, in 15.4% of households, between 1 and 2 household members lost their job or source of income. A prevalence of households in food safety of 82.72% was identified, 12.73% mild insecurity and 4.55% moderate insecurity; 83.6% of the households presented slight alterations in their diet; almost half (45%) maintained the same pattern of consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods.
Conclusions: It is necessary to promote educational interventions in the university context that favor healthy habits of students and access to nutritious and varied products, and with this, seek better food safety.
Key words: Food safety; COVID 19; Food consumption; Students.
Latencia diagnóstica y percepción de síntomas prodrómicos en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson en Yucatán
Authors: Parra Medina Luis Enrique , Leal Ortega Roberto , Salazar Ceballos Jorge Efraín
Published: September 2024

Objective: To determine the diagnostic latency in Parkinson's disease (PD), and its relationship with clinical and demographic variables. To determine the perception of non-motor symptoms: olfactory dysfunction, REM sleep behavior disorder, depression, and constipation, prior to the diagnosis of PD.
Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in Yucatan, Mexico in subjects with PD. The association between diagnostic latency with clinical and demographic variables was analyzed using the non-parametric statistical tests: Mann Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis.
Results: A total of 60 subjects with a mean age of 66.7 years were included. The average time elapsed from the onset of the first sympoton to diagnosis was 20.8 months. A family history of PD was significantly associated (p=0.031) with a longer diagnostic latency compared to those patients who did not have relatives with PD. Before the diagnosis of PD: 36.6% of the patients perceived constipation, 15% depression, 13.3% REM sleep behavior disorder and 11.6% olfactory dysfunction, 51.7% did not report any.
Conclusions: The mean diagnostic latency of a group of 60 patients with PD diagnosed in Yucatan was 20.8 months. Diagnostic latency was not significantly associated with the type of neurological medical service that performed the diagnosis (public or private), or with other clinical or demographic variables in addition to a family history of PD.
Keywords: Diagnosis; Parkinson's disease;Neurologic Manifestations.
A comparative analysis between Mexican and Chinese health systems
Authors: Garcia Tapia Gabino , Esparza Rodriguez Saul Alfonso
Published: September 2024

Objective: The comparative network analysis of national health macrosystems is an area whose academic development has not reached due relevance if its influence on decision-making related to the design of public health policies is considered; the establishment of comparative elements between two socially, economically and culturally distant countries, such as Mexico and China, is a complex process given the difficulty of locating equivalent evaluation indicators among some of its elements.
Materials and methods: The present work reflects on the similarities and dissimilarities between the national health systems, with an impact on the care provided to the most vulnerable population segments, applying a comparative nodes and networks analysis considering social and economic factors.
Results: The network analysis shows that, for practical purposes, the nodes considered in the Mexican health system is superior to those nodes identified in the Chinese health system in terms of quality, mainly in nodes such as convenience of the location, using cutting-edge technology in health institutions and the skill and competence of medical personnel; conversely,
the Chinese system is superior to the Mexican in terms of efficiency, mainly involuntary co-payment insurance systems to reduce the catastrophic health expenditure of the vulnerable rural population.
Conclusions: The conclusions drawn may serve for subsequent studies to identify opportunities for improvement, correlations and/or trends that could be implemented in the Mexican health system, once the pertinent feasibility studies have been carried out.
Keywords: Health Management; Population Health Management; Comparative studies; Mexico; China.
Promoting marital harmony in the Dasa Wisma community of Samarinda city
Authors: Handari Sai
Published: September 2024

[Bahasa]: Keharmonisan perkawinan menjadi nilai dasar untuk membentuk karakter individu dalam sebuah keluarga sebagai pusat pendidikan yang paling utama. Upaya untuk mewujudkan keharmonisan perkawinan perlu dilakukan secara berkesinambungan sehingga terbentuk keluarga yang damai. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memperkuat dan mewujudkan keharmonisan di dalam rumah tangga melalui pelatihan kedamaian pada kelompok Dasa Wisma Kota Samarinda. Pengabdian ini menggunakan Partisipatory Action Research (PAR) dengan empat strategi, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Hasil program pengabdian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pada seluruh aspek keharmonisan dalam rumah tangga yang meliputi kemampuan dalam berkomunikasi, kemampuan resolusi konflik, interaksi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, penguatan identitas keluarga, dan membangun waktu yang berkualitas. Program pengabdian dapat merumuskan dan menginisiasi gerakan tentang “keluarga damai dan harmonis” yang dipandang secara positif sebagai keberlanjutan program pelatihan kedamaian. Pengabdian ini berimplikasi pada peningkatan kualitas hidup dalam rumah tangga serta penguatan kelompok dalam menghadapi berbagai tantangan secara lebih efektif pada tataran paling dasar. 
Kata Kunci: keharmonisan berumah tangga, kedamaian berumah tangga, pelatihan kedamaian, dasa wisma, karakter kuat
[English]: Marital harmony is a basic value that can be developed as an effort to build individual character in the family as the most basic and main education centre. Achieving marital harmony is an effort that is continuously carried out to realise a peaceful family. This community service program aims to strengthen the marital harmony of the Dasa Wisma community through peace training in Samarinda City. This community service program used Participatory Action Research (PAR) with four strategies: plan, act, observe, and reflect. The results show that all aspects of domestic harmony increased, including communication skills, conflict resolution skills, daily interactions, strengthening family identity, and building quality time. In addition, this training formulated and initiated a movement on "peaceful and harmonious families", which was viewed positively as a continuation of the peace training program. This community service program has implications for improving the quality of life in the household and strengthening the group in facing various challenges more effectively at the most basic level.
Keywords: marital harmonious, marital peace, peace training, dasa wisma, strength character
Factores estresores en madres con hijos en edad escolar en situación de pandemia
Authors: Castañeda Carrasco Leslie Lizbhet , Rojas Bardales Heydi Nicoll , Meléndez de la Cruz Julia Raquel
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Determinar los factores estresores en madres de familia con hijos escolares durante la pandemia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo y corte transversal. Participaron 124 madres, a quienes se aplicó, previo consentimiento informado, el cuestionario adaptado y validado Factores Estresores en Madres de Familia (FEMAF). Los datos se analizaron en el programa estadístico STATA versión 17. Se empleó el análisis descriptivo, aplicando la distribución de frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: El 87,1 % presentó falta de apoyo en casa en la realización de las tareas domésticas; el 86,3 % indicó tener bajo presupuesto familiar para cubrir los gastos en la alimentación, estudios, pago de casa o arriendo, entre otros; el 75,8 % señaló como factor estresor el aumento del número de contagios por COVID-19 en su comunidad; el 74,2 % reveló largas horas de trabajo en el desarrollo de sus actividades laborales; el 45,2 % mostró conflictos familiares (peleas o discusiones) con su pareja, hijos y otros familiares. Conclusiones: Los factores estresores en madres con hijos escolares durante la pandemia fueron el escaso apoyo en la realización de las tareas domésticas, el bajo presupuesto familiar para cubrir los gastos, las largas horas de trabajo en el desarrollo de sus actividades laborales, el aumento del número de contagios por COVID-19 en su comunidad y los conflictos familiares.
Assessment of NanoString technology as a tool for profiling circulating miRNA in maternal blood during pregnancy
Authors: Adamova Petra , Powell Andrew K. , Dykes Iain M.
Published: September 2024

Aim: Circulating maternal MicroRNA (miRNA) is a promising source of biomarkers for antenatal diagnostics. NanoString nCounter is a popular global screening tool due to its simplicity and ease of use, but there is a lack of standardisation in analysis methods. We examined the effect of user-defined variables upon reported changes in maternal blood miRNA during pregnancy.

Methods: Total RNA was prepared from the maternal blood of pregnant and control rats. miRNA expression was profiled using Nanostring nCounter. Raw count data were processed using nSolver using different combinations of normalisation and background correction methods as well as various background thresholds. A panel of 14 candidates in which changes were supported by multiple analysis workflows was selected for validation by RT-qPCR. We then reverse-engineered the nSolver analysis to gain further insight.

Results: Thirty-one putative differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by nSolver. However, each analysis workflow produced a different set of reported biomarkers and none of them was common to all analysis methods. Four miRNAs with known roles in pregnancy (miR-183, miR-196c, miR-431, miR-450a) were validated. No single nSolver analysis workflow could successfully identify all four validated changes. Reverse engineering revealed errors in nSolver data processing which compound the inherent problems associated with background correction and normalisation.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that user-defined variables greatly influence the output of the assay. This highlights the need for standardised nSolver data analysis methods and detailed reporting of these methods. We suggest that investigators in the future should not rely on a single analysis method to identify changes and should always validate screening results.
In vitro and in vivo biocontrol of leaf spot disease caused by Curvularia lunata in maize landrace by Bacillus licheniformis M2-7
Authors: Bolaños-Dircio Alejandro , Ramírez-Rojas Sergio , Rosas-Guerrero Víctor , Gutiérrez-Flores Carina , Palemón-Alberto Francisco , Ortega-Acosta Santo Ángel , Salcedo-Sánchez Edith Rosalba , Rodríguez-Barrera Miguel Ángel , Toribio-Jiménez Jeiry , Romero-Ramírez Yanet
Published: September 2024

Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn is a phytopathogen that causes leaf spot disease in maize (Zea mays L.), a cereal crop of great economic importance. However, the use of biocontrol agents such as Bacillus species offers an effective and sustainable alternative to reduce the severity of leaf spot disease. Therefore, our study sought to evaluate the applicability of Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 as a potential biocontrol agent against Curvularia lunata in maize landrace plants both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that strain M2-7 inhibited mycelial growth and conidial germination by 73.75 and 78.66%, respectively. In the in vivo tests, 1 × 103 and 1 × 106 CFU concentrations of strain M2-7 significantly reduced disease severity compared to the control. Our findings suggested that Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 could be used on a commercial scale as an effective biocontrol agent against leaf spot disease in maize.
Modelling Living Processes with Nonlinear Dynamics
Authors: Roth Yehuda Roth
Published: September 2024

Living processes are integral to open systems for multiple reasons. From a thermodynamic perspective, they reduce local entropy at the cost of increasing environmental entropy. Furthermore, these processes are inherently nonlinear owing to their feedback interactions with the environment. Nonlinear systems exhibit diverse behaviours: some stabilize at a constant value, whereas others display bifurcations and chaotic dynamics. This study introduces a model that describes living processes as the dynamics of nonlinear single-value diverging maps, whereas chaotic evolution is associated with the increasing entropy environment. This model enables us to describe the lifetime of different species simply by varying the model parameters. This model also simplifies explaining the transition from life to death.
DNA Imprinting and Differentially Expressed Genes in Longissimus Thoracis Muscle of Bos indicus Submitted to Early Weaning Management
Authors: Tinoco Gustavo Lucas Bezerra , Curi Rogério Abdallah , Vicari Marcelo Ricardo , Russo Gustavo Henrique , Souza Isabella Lissa Iwashita , Torrecilhas Juliana Akamine , Moriel Philipe , Baldassini Welder Angelo , Chardulo Luis Arthur Loyola , Neto Otávio Rodrigues Machado , Pereira Guilherme Luis
Published: September 2024

Early weaning management followed by energy supplementation can lead to metabolic alterations in the calf that exert long-term effects on the animal’s health and performance. It is believed that the main molecular basis underlying these metabolic adaptations are epigenetic mechanisms that regulate, activate, or silence genes at different stages of development and/or in response to different environmental stimuli. However, little is known about postnatal metabolic programming in Bos indicus. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the DNA methylation profile of Nellore animals submitted to conventional and early weaning and to correlate the findings with genes differentially expressed in Longissimus thoracis skeletal muscle of Bos indicus cattle. A total of 481 differentially methylated regions were identified, with 52% (250) being hypermethylated and 48% (231) hypomethylated. Functional enrichment analysis of 53 differentially methylated and differentially expressed genes was performed. The main enriched terms and pathways were associated with 3’-5’-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling which present the upregulated adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3) gene and significatively hypomethylated in promoter region. Alterations in cAMP signaling are involved in numerous processes, many of them related to lipid metabolism. The relative differential expression of key genes of this pathway demonstrates the relationship between cAMP signaling and de novo lipogenesis. These findings suggest an important role of postnatal metabolic programming through DNA methylation mechanisms in determining fat deposition in beef.
Toxicological Qualities and Detoxification Trends of Fruit Byproducts for Valorization
Authors: Tsegay Zenebe Tadesse , Smaoui Slim , VARZAKAS THEODOROS
Published: September 2024

The abundant and renewable resources from fruit byproducts are getting emphasis on their valorization. These byproducts are suspected of possible toxications during cultivation, harvesting, transporting, preservation, or processing. Hence, presenting scientific overviews of the toxicological qualities and detoxification trends of these byproducts is critical to implicating their possible valorization. This review emphasized the toxicological qualities of byproducts from fruits for which the maximum global production occurred in 2022. In this review, heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Hg), mycotoxins, toxicant organic compounds, anti-nutritional factors, and pesticide/fungicide residues of the selected fruit byproducts were discussed. Current trends to reduce possible toxicants of these byproducts during their valorization were emphasized. Novel functional foods valorized from these fruit byproducts and future perspectives of detoxification were also focused on in this review.
Microbial Biodiversity in Amuyo Ponds Sediments, Three Andean Hydrothermal Lagoons in Northern Chile
Authors: Vilo Claudia , Fabrega Francisca , Gómez-Silva Benito
Published: September 2024

Amuyo Ponds (AP) are a group of three hydrothermal lagoons located at 3,700 m above sea level, in a pre-Andean setting at the Atacama Desert. Each pond shows a conspicuous green, red, or yellow coloration, and discharge waters rich in arsenic and boron into the Caritaya River (Camarones Basin, Arica and Parinacota Region, in northern Chile). Microorganisms at these ponds are subjected to harsh environmental conditions, and microbial composition and diversity in Amuyo Ponds sediments are unknown. Then, microbial life colonizing AP sediments was explored by metagenomics analyses. This approach showed a highly diverse microbial life dominated by members of the Bacterial Domain (nearly 800 bacterial genome sequences) and includes sequences associated to Archaea, Eukarya, and viruses. We also report putative functional capabilities related to virulence and defense genes, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Thirteen bacterial and fourteen virus metagenome-assembled genomes were reconstructed and are here informed. This work expands our knowledge on the richness of microorganisms in AP and open further studies on the ecology and genomics of this striking Andean geosite.