bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Burnout Syndrome Dimensions as Perceived by Kindergarten Teachers and Elementary School Teachers in Greece
Authors: Gkamari Martha , Fotopoulou Vasiliki
Published: October 2024

The present article seeks to explore the dimensions of occupational exhaustion of primary education teachers (kindergarten and elementary school teachers), making use of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) as its research tool. The data on which the article is based were drawn from a study carried out in an urban area in Greece investigating the following three issues: (1) Are there variations in the dimensions of occupational exhaustion detected? (2) Are there any differences in the dimensions of occupational exhaustion detected between kindergarten and elementary school teachers? (3) Are there any differences in the dimensions of burnout in regard to demographic characteristics? The data was collected through an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. The analysis of the findings shows moderate and high differences in the dimensions of the burnout syndrome. In particular, the scale of emotional burnout appears to be on moderate-high levels, the depersonalization scale shows moderate levels, and the personal accomplishment scale indicates high levels. Elementary school teachers seem to experience occupational exhaustion syndrome more intensely, while kindergarten teachers demonstrate higher levels on the personal accomplishment scale. Furthermore, certain demographic characteristics, such as gender, the teaching experience of teachers, and their overall satisfaction with their earned income, seem to be related to occupational burnout syndrome.
Study of Salvation based on 1 Peter 3:18-22 among Batak Toba Christians, North Sumatra
Authors: Simbolon Budiono , Suparti Hana , Iskandar Srini M. , Suksmono Ari
Published: October 2024

Salvation is a very broad subject and very important to understand properly in the Bible. Salvation in Jesus Christ can be responded to by believing in Christ and His work. The understanding of salvation is now understood in universalism, and not a few people or groups have also turned to syncretism. The emergence of many teachers, pastors, and theologians had a great impact on providing different understandings among Christians. Each tribe has a belief in their ancestors, which later becomes a culture or custom. Initially, every Batak culture or custom was inseparable from magical elements. Any rituals or traditional ceremonies performed by certain groups or people are believed to keep them away from danger so that they are fine. But in reality, not a few of them experience the opposite. The initial motivation for getting blessings and safety turns out to be the tribulation or wretchedness that befalls their lives. The purpose of this research is to find out the magnitude of the confirmation of salvation in Jesus Christ. The most dominant dimension determines the confirmation of salvation, and the most dominant background category determines the confirmation of salvation based on 1 Peter 3:18-22 among Batak Toba Christians in Sumatra North. The method used is a quantitative approach using explanatory and confirmatory surveys. Research Results: Confirmation level about salvation based on 1 Peter 3:18-22 is in the high category. The most dominant dimension determining Confirmation about salvation is Preaching the Gospel by Jesus Christ (D3). The dominant background category determining confirmation of safety is age.
Alien Encounters in Twentieth-Century Arabic Science Fiction: Talib Imran’s Ashbah as a Case Study
Authors: Adnan Bajaber Musab
Published: October 2024

This essay surveys alien encounters in 20th-century Arabic Science Fiction (ASF). It points out that two characteristics prevail: first, aliens exclusively encounter Arabs; second, aliens are predominantly superior but indifferent to inferior humans. While the first characteristic is understandable, the second one is peculiar; it is odd that a genre written by colonized people and has been described as “emphatically postcolonial” dismisses the power struggle embedded in the superior colonizer-inferior colonized dichotomy. The author of the essay argues that understanding the difference between Jaques Lacan’s concepts of big Other and small other within an Arab postcolonial context allows us to understand this peculiarity better. While these two concepts normally occupy distinct orders in the psyche, they overlap in the collective postcolonial Arabic one. As a result, Arab postcolonial writers are more nuanced in their approach to the colonizer-colonized dichotomy in their works. The author exemplifies this in Talib Imran’s short story Ashbah. Understanding the perception of other in ASF significantly enhances our understanding of postcolonial literature. It also allows us to appreciate the diverse approaches postcolonial writers employ in their endeavors toward decolonization.
Slavery as a Cultural Legacy: Abdulrazzak Gurnah’s Paradise as a Case Study
Authors: Abdulaziz Al-Kadery Suad
Published: October 2024

Abdulrazak Gurnah is a Tanzanian-born British novelist who won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in 1948 in Zanzibar, Tanzania (then the Sultanate of Zanzibar). He moved to the UK as a refugee in the 1960s after the Zanzibar Revolution. The vulnerability of slavery has been discussed by many writers. This paper is going to investigate slavery in Gurnah’s novel Paradise1994, particularly in the lives of the protagonist, Yusuf. This paper aims to follow the journey of Yusuf, a young man who is forced into servitude after his father pawns him. Through Yusuf’s experiences, Gurnah delves into how slavery has become a cultural legacy, shaping identities, relationships, and aspects of society. The paper will identify how the characters’ experiences are shaped by their ancestors’ history of slavery. It will also explore how the novel depicts the social, economic, and psychological impacts of slavery on the characters and their communities especially the loss of agency which can lead to feelings of powerlessness and hopelessness. The paper also shows Social Marginalization as a stigma associated with slavery. Individuals are treated differently based on their ancestry. Yusuf’s experiences illustrate how racial and social hierarchies can be perpetuated through cultural legacies.
Evaluating the Translation Accuracy of ChatGPT and DeepL Through the Lens of Implied Subjects
Authors: Sun Rui
Published: October 2024

This research aims to offer deeper insights into the translation quality of large language models and neural machine translation systems. It compares the performance of two state-of-the-art models, ChatGPT and DeepL, to explore which system achieves higher translation accuracy. This research employs a highly focused and specialized method to evaluate translation performance, enabling the identification of nuanced differences between advanced AI/machine models. It focuses on implied subjects in contemporary Chinese writer Qiuyu Yu’s Iraq travelogue and examines how the two models handle these implied subjects when translating the text into English. The analysis shows that both ChatGPT and DeepL exhibit high-level intelligence when dealing with the implied subjects. They can flexibly adjust sentence structures to maintain the implicitness or to make the implied subjects explicit. The analysis further reveals that ChatGPT performs better in accurately inferring the implied subjects, which thereby reflects ChatGPT’s superior contextual understanding capability. The comparison of the source text and target texts also shows that ChatGPT’s translation is more succinct, nuanced, and easier to read. DeepL’s translation, by comparison, prioritizes reducing potential misunderstanding. This research tentatively concludes that, though not specialized for translation, ChatGPT translates with higher accuracy and demonstrates more sophisticated intelligence compared to DeepL when translating literary texts.
Trends and future directions of artificial intelligence applications in Iranian livestock production systems
Authors: Ghavipanje Navid , Nasri Mohammad Hassan Fathi , Vargas-Bello-Pérez Einar
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the global quest for livestock intensification driven by ever-increasing demands for animal food products raised concerns about animal welfare, environmental sustainability, and public health. Leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as remote sensing, Internet of Things (IoT), computer vision, and data-driven modeling has become a hotspot in livestock farming that could facilitate animal monitoring, disease detection, feed optimization, and health management. This review includes an assessment of these topics and research done in Iran so far, proposing future steps for the deployment of AI-powered technologies in farm applications. The Iranian livestock sector already seeing benefits from AI advancements and information technologies, however, most studies focused on model development without applications or deployment for the industry. Significant work is needed to address the limitations and challenges namely lack of data, economic feasibility, ethical concerns, infrastructure issues, and regulatory frameworks. Furthermore, reported AI-based methods and approaches have some inconsistencies in Iran that hinder validation. Looking forward, AI could create a new era in the livestock sector of Iran that not only copes with upcoming challenges but also boosts the circular economy making this country a pioneer in the region. However, tackling some potential limitations accompanying AI application in the Iranian livestock sector warrants the multi-disciplinary collaboration of veterinarians, computer scientists, animal nutritionists, agri-engineers, and governmental organizations.
Long story from past to present: calcium, phosphorus, and phytase
Authors: Adabi Shahram Golzar , Raei Hamid , Ceylan Necmettin , Torshizi Mohammad Amir Karimi , Yavaş Ismail
Published: October 2024

Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P), two main elements, have vital physiological and metabolic roles in animal bodies. Accurate comprehension of the interaction of these two elements and their value in various resources helps to obtain their optimal formulation in poultry diets. Hence, in previous studies, the hormonal axes controlling Ca and P homeostasis have been primarily investigated. However, to estimate Ca and P requirements in modern broiler chickens, in addition to growth performance, other parameters such as Ca and P digestibility, bone strength, and excretion into the environment should also be considered. Since a large amount of P in poultry feed ingredients is bound to phytate, phytases are added to poultry diets to release the P from phytate. However, many nutritionists need clarification on what dose of dietary phytase is required to release the maximum phytate P and how phytase activity will be optimized. Therefore, the present review study has attempted to explore the factors that affect the digestibility of different resources of Ca and P. In addition, the effect of excess dietary Ca on phytase activity and studies related to super dosing of phytase in broilers are provided. Finally, the values of phytate P in standard poultry feed ingredients and the latest update of the studies on determining Ca and P requirements are summarized.
Educação delivery
Authors: Souza Camila Azevedo , Motta Vania Cardoso da
Published: October 2024

O artigo disserta sobre as diretrizes internacionais para a educação básica na conjuntura da pandemia da COVID-19, com o objetivo de analisar o imperativo da entrega de resultados no projeto educativo hegemônico. Desenvolveu-se uma análise documental alicerçada no materialismo histórico-dialético, com ênfase no referencial gramsciano e na pedagogia histórico-crítica como fundamentação indispensável para a luta contra-hegemônica. Concluiu-se que a atuação dos organismos multilaterais, alinhada ao empresariamento da educação de novo tipo no século XXI, opera uma intensificação dos processos de mercantilização da educação articulando sua subsunção ao imperativo da entrega de resultados com a (de)formação técnica e ético-política do trabalho educativo.
Studi Molecular Docking dan Evaluasi Farmakokinetik Senyawa Analog Pirazol Turunan Benzen-Sulfonilurea sebagai Inhibitor Enzim Aldose Reduktase and α-Glukosidase Menggunakan Pendekatan In Silico
Authors: Fatisa Yuni , Utami Lisa , Syahri Jufrizal , Jasril Jasril , Lazulva Lazulva
Published: October 2024

The pyrazole scaffold modification in various chemical structures on several studies has shown various biopharmacological activities. This study aims to predict the potential inhibition of pyrazole analogs derived benzene-sulfonylurea (4A, 4B, 4E, 5A, 5C, 5D) against the α-glucosidase (3A4A) and aldose reductase (3RX2) enzymes based on a molecular docking approach using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2020.0102 software and evaluate pharmacokinetic profile (ADMET). In this study, the six test compounds were obtained from previous studies that have been proven antihyperglycemic. The results showed that all the 3,5-disubstituted benzene-sulfonylurea derivative pyrazole analogs are predicted to have low inhibitory activity against the α-glucosidase enzyme. Further, all compounds showed good aldose reductase inhibitor activity and had lower binding free energy values ​​than tolrestat as the positive control (-6.82 kcal/mol). Compound 5C has the best potential inhibitory activity against the aldose reductase enzyme compared to the other test compounds, because it has the lowest binding free energy value (-8.76 kcal/mol) and interacts with important residues on the receptor forming four hydrogen bonds, namely the carbonyl group of SO2 with residues Trp111 and His110, and the carbonyl group of the amide with residues His110 and Tyr48, as well as 3 hydrophobic bonds, namely a pyrazole ring with residues Leu300, Trp219 and a furan ring with Phe122. ADMET properties of the compounds are also predicted. This information provides an opportunity for a 5C compound as an aldose reductase inhibitor agent to develop drug candidates with better and safer activities.
Analysis of Total Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity of Cashew Leaf Extract (Anacardium occidentale L.) with Varying Ethanol Concentrations
Authors: Kurniasari Risma , Suzery Meiny , Cahyono Bambang
Published: October 2024

This study evaluated the effectiveness of various ethanol concentrations (50%, 70%, and 96%) in extracting bioactive compounds from cashew leaves (Anacardium occidentale). Parameters analyzed included total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH and H2O2 methods. The results showed that the 70% ethanol extract produced the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content as well as significant antioxidant activity compared to other ethanol concentrations. This study offers practical insights for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutraceutical industries in selecting the optimal solvents for cashew leaf extraction. Additionally, the analysis showed that the 70% ethanol extract offered an optimal balance between extraction efficiency and antioxidant activity, making it the most efficient solvent for commercial use.
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Appropriate Use of Novel and Lesser-Used Medicines for Prevention and Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage: Evidence from Implementation Research
Authors: Rushwan Sara , Tufa Tesfaye , Gülmezoglu Metin
Published: October 2024

Maternal mortality remains one of the primary global health challenges of the 21st century, despite major medical advances in the field. Although solutions are available, inequities determine where mothers die, with the majority of maternal deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). More than one-third of maternal deaths are related to obstetric hemorrhage and most commonly postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Effective, quality-assured uterotonics significantly reduce PPH-related morbidity and mortality. Updated World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on uterotonics used for PPH prevention include the addition of heat-stable carbetocin (HSC) to the suite of prophylactic uterotonic agents as well as the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) for PPH treatment. Both medicines are promising interventions in obstetric care. However, the introduction of these medicines faces numerous challenges to end-user access, such as decentralized procurement, time-consuming policy updates, market access barriers, lack of demand for quality-assured products, and inadequate systematic training and information provision, impeding access in many LMICs. Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of implementing these medicines in different resource settings can help bridge the gap between research and development to policy and practice, in an effort to reduce the significant health inequities facing women accessing the public health sector for quality care during labor and delivery. In this Special Collection, we explore the findings from mixed-methods implementation research studies in nine LMICs which support the acceptability and feasibility of HSC and TXA administration by healthcare providers, generating evidence to help inform the introduction and scale-up of these new and lesser-utilized PPH medicines.
Integrating Heat-Stable Carbetocin and Tranexamic Acid for Prevention and Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Five-Country Pilot Implementation Study
Authors: Rushwan Sara , Forna Fatu , Abubeker Ferid Abbas , Tufa Tesfaye , Millogo Tieba , Nakalembe Miriam , Adu-Bonsaffoh Kwame , Moses Francis L. , Chinery Lester , Piaggio Gilda , Gülmezoglu Metin
Published: October 2024

Background and Objective

Globally, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains the most common direct cause of maternal mortality. This study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of introducing heat-stable carbetocin (HSC) for PPH prevention and tranexamic acid (TXA) for PPH treatment in five Sub-Saharan African countries following recent World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. This study also assessed healthcare providers’ (HCPs’) favorability toward using these medicines.

Methods

We conducted a mixed methods pilot implementation study in selected facilities across Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Sierra Leone, and Uganda between May and December 2022. We compared baseline data obtained from patient registers with data collected during implementation on the safe and appropriate use of HSC and TXA using descriptive statistics. HCP responses were analyzed qualitatively using a thematic analysis.

Results

Following training, HSC was administered prophylactically in 11,329 (92.4%) of 12,262 deliveries in all study facilities which received a uteorotonic for PPH prevention during implementation and was used safely and appropriately. TXA administration for PPH treatment was done safely, appropriately, and within the WHO-recommended time. No adverse events were reported throughout the study. HCPs overall showed high confidence in, and favorability toward, using both medicines.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications

Our study demonstrated that HSC and TXA can be safely and appropriately implemented in primary and tertiary facilities, and their introduction is feasible and acceptable from the perspective of HCPs. A holistic approach to training and regular supportive supervision is needed to ensure the continued safe use of these new and lesser-utilized PPH medicines. Dedicated training is required to improve the documentation of patient charts on PPH care. Introducing these medicines holds promise for improving PPH care in low- and middle-income countries, including by addressing suboptimal efficacy due to cold chain system challenges.
Political and Cultural Dynamics in Bollywood and Nollywood Films: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Endong Floribert Patrick C.  , Princess Emike Umole
Published: October 2024

Films are popularly believed to be reflection of reality as well as a representation of the societies in which they were produced. They are excellent windows into their societies of origin and could thus serve as good anthropological or historical documents containing data about socio-political events that have happened in their societies of origin. One of the multiple data one can extract/gather from films is the socio-cultural and political dynamics prevailing in the society in which the films subsist. This paper attempts to illustrate this thesis through a review of relevant Bollywood and Nollywood films. Specifically, the study hinges on a review of relevant selected films to show how Bollywood and Nollywood are a reflection of cultural and political dynamics in India and Nigeria respectively. The paper starts with a brief background which examines the extent to which Nollywood and Bollywood films could be considered a reflection of contemporary Nigeria and India. It proceeds to defining the concept of cultural and political dynamics, with strict respect to the Indian and Nigerian experiences. The paper ends up with an examination of how these cultural and political dynamics are reflected in relevant Bollywood and Nollywood films. It concludes that both Nigerian and Bollywood films reflect social and political dynamics in their societies of origin in the same way.
Use of Internet and Learning Habits of Students in Universities within Ile-Ife Metropolis, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Ojo Olumuyiwa Emmanuel  , Ajibare Oluwaseun Oluropo  , Oguntoye Folasade Busayo
Published: October 2024

The use of the Internet has become an essential tool for students to pursue their educational interests and to excel in their learning habits. This study investigated the influence of internet use on the learning habits of students in universities within Ile-Ife Metropolis, Osun State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey was conducted among 168 students in selected tertiary institutions. Two research questions guided this study. A self-administered questionnaire through an online platform was used to collect data. Mean scores were used for data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that there was a high influence of internet use on learning habits amongst the students, and the use of online learning platforms and online library resources played a major role as a form of internet usage in improving the learning habits of the respondents (3.36 and 3.44 respectively). However, the following conclusions were drawn from the result: there is a high use of the internet by students in selected universities within Ile-Ife Metropolis; internet usage had a significant positive influence on the learning habits of students as they spent most of their time on academic activities and the use of online learning platforms and online library resources was the best tool for improving learning habits among the students
Онтологический анализ приемов аргументации в научном дискурсе
Authors: Сидорова Е.А. , Кононенко И.С.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена анализу дискурсивных приёмов аргументации в рамках современных тенденций в области моделирования рассуждений. Рассуждение в научном дискурсе организуется, как последовательность дискурсивных приемов, т.е. шагов рассуждения, соответствующих определенным мыслительным операциям над объектом предметной области. С формальной точки зрения элементарной структуре рассуждения соответствует аргумент, который представляет собой переход от посылок к доказываемому тезису. В работе представлена онтологическая модель, описывающая типовые аргументы – схемы аргументации, основанная на теории Дугласа Уолтона. Обсуждаются вопросы классификации существующих способов рассуждения и рассматривается подход к онтологическому анализу структур дискурса на основе онтолого-семантических отношений, которые обеспечивают концептуальную основу для моделей рассуждения и помогают понять природу сущностей, отношений и рассуждений, связанных с конкретным контекстом. В качестве материала для практического исследования использовался аннотированный корпус текстов, относящихся к области научной коммуникации, включающий аналитические статьи с комментариями пользователей с форума «Хабр» (научно-популярный дискурс) и научные статьи с комментариями рецензентов (собственно научный дискурс). Особый интерес в данном исследовании представляли конфликтные аргументативные приемы, которые используются в текстах исследуемых жанров: Антитезис (`атака`+`на_тезис`) и Контраргумент (`атака`+`на_аргумент`). Проведены статистический анализ и дальнейшая классификация этих приемов в зависимости от жанра. Полученная классификация основана на 12 типовых приемах первого типа и 30 приемах второго типа. Онтология, классификация приёмов и корпус размещены в открытом доступе на платформе ArgNetBank Studio.
Пластичность самоподобных нейронных сетей
Authors: Дорогов А.Ю.
Published: October 2024

В работе исследуется пластичность многослойных модульных нейронных сетей, обладающих характеристическим свойством самоподобия. Для оценки пластичности используется известное из механики понятие степеней свободы. Число степеней свободы сети оценивается максимальной размерностью операторного многообразия нейронной сети, образованного вариацией параметров нейронных модулей и наличием межмодульных связей. Для получения оценок пластичности нейронные модули рассматриваются как линейные операторы фиксированного ранга. Получены расчетные формулы для вычисления размерности операторного многообразия нейронного модуля вне и в составе сети. Нейронная сеть рассматривается, как двойственный оператор сложной структуры, входом и выходом которого являются векторные пространства. На уровне структурной модели вводится понятие модальных состояний сети, характеризующих размерности векторных подпространств на входе и выходе нейронных модулей в составе сети. Оценка размерности многообразия сети выполняется через ее модальные состояния. Отмечено, что самоподобные сети принадлежат классу слабосвязанных сетей, для которых расчет модальных состояний не вызывает трудностей. Получены точные формулы расчета степени пластичности слабосвязанных нейронных сетей, Результаты анализа использованы для оценки пластичности быстрых нейронных сетей (БНС), и их подмножества - пирамидальных БНС прямой и обратной ориентации.
Анализ снимков кожных новообразований с применением комбинированной архитектуры сверточных нейронных сетей
Authors: Милантьев С.А. , Святкина В.И. , Бессмертный И.А. , Зайченко К.В.
Published: October 2024

В данном исследовании рассматривается возможность применения комбинированных архитектур сверточных нейронных сетей для анализа кожных новообразований. Разработаны архитектуры моделей для извлечения дополнительных признаков, связанных с характером формы кожных новообразований. Проведена оптимизация моделей, а также архитектуры, с целью минимизации ошибок первого и второго рода для редких кожных новообразований. В процессе обучения использовались наборы данных ISIC2017-2020, MED-NODE, SD-198, 7-Point Criteria Database, Light Field Image Dataset of Skin Lesions, PH2, датасет ИАП РАН. Для обучения классификационных моделей использовались оптимизатор AdamW, функции потерь FocalLoss и scheduler CosineAnnealingWarmRestarts. Для обучения сегментационных моделей применялась функция потерь BCEDice. Оценка моделей проводилась с использованием взвешенных классификационных метрик, таких, как Recall, Precision и F1-score. В качестве рассматриваемой концепции моделей учитывалась их устойчивость на этапе валидации. Модели, использующие дополнительные сверточные нейронные сети для извлечения признаков формы новообразования, демонстрируют более высокие показатели метрик, а также имеют меньшую сумму ошибок первого и второго рода для редких заболеваний по сравнению с обычными классификационными моделями. Полученные результаты могут найти применение в анализе медицинских задач с дисбалансом данных в обучающем наборе данных.
Экспертная система поддержки расследования происшествий на железнодорожном транспорте
Authors: Подобедова Е.В. , Жукова М.С. , Аршинский Л.В.
Published: October 2024

В работе рассмотрен подход к разработке экспертной системы по анализу происшествий на железнодорожном транспорте. Обсуждаются этапы и особенности разработки базы знаний, возможности инструментальной среды разработки и другие вопросы. Прототип системы разработан для анализа сходов, однако принятая в ней (продукционная) модель знаний позволяет относительно легко расширить систему и на другие обстоятельства происшествий. Система реализована в среде, использующей вывод на основе логик с векторной семантикой, которые позволяют работать как с достоверной, так и с нечёткой, неопределённой и противоречивой информацией.
Планирование поставок продукции на год с учетом минимизации затрат на перевозку для бесперебойного снабжения потребителей
Authors: Маланова Т.В. , Бахвалов С.В. , Янхаев Д.В. , Аршинский В.Л.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается задача планирования перевозки груза от поставщиков к потребителям на год, поделенный на несколько периодов, в течение которых нужно вывезти определенную часть товаров. Товар вывозится за несколько рейсов. Для решения этой задачи предлагается использовать две модели транспортной задачи линейного программирования, в каждую из которых добавлено ограничение по времени. В одной из них переменными являются количества рейсов, а в другой – количества перевезенного груза от каждого потребителя к каждому поставщику. Для корректного применения указанных моделей в каждом периоде предлагается подготовить входные данные путем проведения предварительного этапа, обеспечивающего выполнение условия баланса транспортной задачи. Продемонстрирован пример.
Параметрическая оптимизация производства аграрной продукции в условиях влияния на урожай саранчовых вредителей
Authors: Иваньо Я.М. , Колокольцева И.М.
Published: October 2024

Для решения задач оптимизации производственных объёмов растениеводческой продукции с учетом влияния на урожай саранчовых вредителей разработана модель параметрического программирования с вероятностными характеристиками. В качестве параметров определены температуры воздуха и осадки в начальный период вегетации, влияющие на численность саранчовых вредителей. Выделены три варианта математической модели: отсутствие влияния саранчовых на доход сельскохозяйственной организации; различное влияние саранчовых на экономический показатель; максимально возможное влияние вредителей с вероятностной оценкой ситуации. Предложены алгоритмы решения экстремальных задач. Модели и алгоритмы апробированы на данных сельскохозяйственной организации ЗАО «Иркутские семена» Иркутского района.
Sulking into Sex
Authors: Patwardhan Sumeet
Published: October 2024

Sometimes, people sulk when their partners refuse sex. For instance, they might angrily pout, initiate the silent treatment, or manifest some other form of conspicuous, blame-laden withdrawal. To avoid this sulking, those on the receiving end sometimes submit to sex that they do not want. Such sex seems wrongful, as does the sulking that induces it. But what explains this intuition? I offer a two-part answer, drawing from real stories. First, I argue that even attempting to sulk someone into sex often imposes wrongful blame. Second, I argue that succeeding at sulking someone into sex often renders that sex nonconsensual because coerced—a wrong that should be morally but not always criminally sanctioned. These conclusions extend to numerous other sexual and nonsexual pressures while avoiding the implication that all sexual pressures are consent-undermining. In this way, my arguments cut against the current literature on consent. More broadly, my arguments challenge the literature’s focus on overt sexual pressures—like threats of violence—as well as its methodological tendency towards abstraction. One major upshot is that we should attend more closely to subtle sexual pressures like sulking, especially within the distinctive dynamic of close relationships.
Attraction, Aversion, and Meaning in Life
Authors: Ayars Alisabeth
Published: October 2024

Desire comes in two kinds: attraction and aversion. But contemporary theories of desire have paid little attention to the distinction, and some philosophers doubt that it is psychologically real. I argue that one reason to think there is a difference between the attitudes, and to care about it, is that attractions and aversions contribute in radically different ways to our well-being. Attraction-motivated activity adds to the good life in a way that aversion-driven activity does not. I argue further that the value of attraction-motivated activity is irreducible to the prudential value of pleasure or desire-satisfaction. Rather, it contributes in a distinctive way to the felt meaningfulness of life. In the end, I offer a hypothesis: when we are attracted to something, we see it as (noncomparatively) good; and it is only when we pursue the apparent good that we see ourselves as engaged with the type of value that makes our lives and the universe worth maintaining.
Rescue Cases, the Majority Rule, and the Greatest Number
Authors: Werner Jonas
Published: October 2024

In a recent paper, Tim Henning argues that the result that we should save the greatest number in rescue cases can be established on procedural grounds without making use of the aggregation of interests. He first argues that we ought to respect the affected persons' equal claims to have a say in the rescue decision and that this can only be achieved by the majority rule, which consists in giving each affected person an equal vote. Then he argues for the second claim that if everyone votes in their self-interest, then the greatest number will be saved. I present a class of cases in which the second claim fails. This establishes that even if self-interested voting is assumed, the majority rule does not always lead to the greatest number being saved.
Investigation of mechanical behavior of reinforced u-profile composites under low velocity impact
Authors: Uslu Merve , Kaman Mete Onur , Albayrak Mustafa , Yanen Cenk , Dağ Serkan , Erdem Serkan , Turan Kadir
Published: October 2024

In this study, the impact resistance of reinforced composite panels with unsupported, and U profile supported by I profile was numerically examined. For this purpose, firstly, unsupported glass fiber/epoxy composite panels were designed, and then I-profile composite supports were added to these panels. The impact strength, and damage behavior of supported, and unsupported specimens under low-velocity impact were compared numerically. In the analysis, the MAT22 material card, also known as the Chang-Chang damage model for composite material, was used in the LS-DYNA program. As a result of the analysis, maximum damage load of the unsupported specimen is determined to be approximately 294 N. It was determined that by adding an I profile to the structure, the maximum damage load increased to 543 N. It was seen that the added I profile supports increased the maximum contact force of the composite structure by approximately 85%. Fiber breakage damages were observed in both supported, and unsupported specimens. However, with the use of I profile support, the damaged area was further reduced. It has been determined that under low-velocity impact, supported specimens exhibit more rigid material behavior than unsupported specimens.
Computational hemodynamic simulation of non-Newtonian fluid-structure interaction in a curved stenotic artery
Authors: Kuharat Sireetorn , Chaudhry M. A. , Beg O. Anwar , Bég Tasveer A.
Published: October 2024

This paper focuses on deploying Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) to investigate key characteristics associated with Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), a leading cause of global mortality. CVDs encompass various heart and blood vessel disorders, including coronary artery disease, stroke and atherosclerosis, which significantly impact arteries. Risk factors such as high blood pressure and obesity contribute to atherosclerosis, which is characterized by narrowed arteries due to fatty deposits, impeding blood flow and increasing heart attack and stroke risks. To simulate blood flow behaviour and its effects on artery stenosis formation, ANSYS-based CFD and monolithic (one-way) Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) analyses are deployed in this work. Extensive visualization of blood flow patterns relevant to patient-specific conditions is included using the non-Newtonian (Carreau shear-thinning) bio-rheological model. These simulations start with creating a three-dimensional patient artery model, followed by applying CFD/FSI methodologies to solve the equations iteratively with realistic boundary conditions. Velocity, pressure, wall shear stress (WSS), Von mises stress and strain characteristics are all computed for multiple curvature cases and different stenotic depths. Factors such as blood viscosity, density and its non-Newtonian behaviour due to red blood cells are considered. FSI analysis extends CFD by including the interaction between blood flow and deformable (elastic) arterial walls, accounting for the arterial mechanical properties and the flow-induced pressure changes. Here we do not consider the two-way case where deformation in turn affects the flow, only the one-way (monolithic) case where the blood flow distorts the arterial wall. This approach allows for deeper insight into the interaction between rheological blood flow and elastic arterial walls which aids in highlighting high stress zones, recirculation and hemodynamic impedance of potential use in identifying rupture or plaque formation, contributing significantly to the management and prevention of CVDs.
1984 ROMANI ÖRNEĞİNDE TOTALİTER SİYASAL YAPILARDA BİR DİRENİŞ ARACI OLARAK GÜZELLİK, AŞK VE CİNSELLİK
Authors: Önalan Hakan
Published: October 2024

Tüm yetkelerin merkezi bir organda toplandığı, yönetilen kesimden mutlak itaat beklendiği ve böylece halkın bir bütün olarak siyasal yönetime zincirlendiği baskıcı bir rejim olan totalitarizm ile sadece hak ve özgürlükler askıya alınmaz ayrıca hisler, tutkular ve hazlar da kontrol altına alınır. Başka bir deyişle totaliter rejimler, kusursuz ve sorunsuz bir yönetim mekanizmasını bireyin duygularından bedenine, düşüncelerinden davranışlarına, tutkularından arzularına kadar hiçbir detayı atlamaksızın, her zerresini denetleyerek gerçekleştirir. Totaliter kurguya edebi bir örnek olan “1984” adlı roman, ruhu zapt ederek, bedeni ele geçirmeye dönük girişimlere karşı hangi tür direniş güçlerini, ne şekilde öne çıkardığına dair önemli izlekleri içinde barındırır. Dolayısıyla romanın ana karakteri olan Winston’un kaleme aldığı günlüklerine, düşüncelerini açığa vurduğu sesli monologlarına veya sevgilisi Julia ile arasındaki diyaloglara konu olan “güzellik, aşk ve cinsellik”le birlikte estetik deneyime ilişkin fikirlerin, tutum ve davranışların totaliter rejimler açısından tehditkâr boyutu teorik bir genellemeyi içermesi açısından ilgi çekicidir. Totaliter yapıların romantik aşkla kurulan bağlara, bedensel ve ruhsal anlamda sevgi ve yakınlık hissine eşlik eden yoğun haz ve tatmin duygusunun birleşimi olan cinselliğe, ideolojik biçimlendirmenin gereği olan standart, tek tip, monoton bir yaşam tarzına karşılık bireyin kendi farkındalığının simgesi olan özgün tarzda bir yaşam stili belirlemesine karşı gelmesinin hem siyasal gerekçeleri hem de bahse konu olan edimlerin yine aynı siyasal sistemler içerisinde bir direniş aracı olarak nasıl konumlandırıldığı “1984” örnekliğinde araştırmanın konusunu oluşturan ana temadır. Söz konusu çalışma, eser içerisindeki “aşk”, “cinsellik” ve “güzellik” ile ilgili verilerin içerik analiz tekniğiyle kodlanıp kategorize edilmesi sonucunda ortaya çıkan temaların yorumlanmasıyla ele alınmaktadır.
DİVAN ŞİİRİNDE BAL MAZMUNU
Authors: Coşkun Hatice
Published: October 2024

Binlerce yıldan beri lezzeti ve şifasıyla bilinen ve tüketilen bal, mağara resimlerinden Sümer kil tabletlerine, mitolojiden kutsal kitaplara farklı zaman ve zeminlerde kayda geçirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada balın şiirsel bir unsur olarak Türk İslam edebiyatının yüzlerce yıl içinde oluşan kültür hazinesinde nasıl kayda geçirildiği incelenmiştir. İslam’ın Kur’an ve hadis gibi temel kaynaklarının özel bir vurguyla değindiği bala zamanla dinî anlamlar yüklenmiş ve bu mânâ zenginliği İslamî kaynaklardan beslenen divan şiirine doğal olarak yansımıştır.
Bal ve bala dair arı, petek, kovan, bal mumu gibi sözcüklerin benzetme amaçlı kullanıldığı şiir örneklerini ele alan çalışmalar sınırlı sayıda olsa da mevcuttur. Çalışmamızda ise özellikle İslam kaynakları ve tasavvufun bala yüklediği anlamlar mazmun yapısı üzerinden incelenmiştir. Bu yapı divan şiir dilinde özgünlük ve ifade gücünün ölçüsü hâline gelmiş temel bir unsurdur. Mazmun sanatçının duygu, düşünce ve hayallerini mecaz veya mânâ özellikleriyle sağlanan çeşitli söz sanatları aracılığıyla, bazı ipuçları vererek dolaylı olarak anlatımıdır. Divan şairi balı şiirinin en temel unsurlarından olan mazmunla işleyerek çok katmanlı bir anlam ağı ve söz sanatlarıyla okurun muhayyilesine sunmuştur. Çalışmanın sınırlarını belirleyen divan şiirinin başlangıcı 13. yüzyıl sonları olmakla birlikte incelenen şiir metinleri arasında bu dönemin iki yüzyıl öncesine uzanan ve Türk İslam şiirinin ilk dönem eserlerinden örneklere de yer verilmiştir. Bu şekilde divan şiirinin altı yüzyılda sürekli gelişen, dönüşen ve zenginleşen mazmun hazinesi içinde bal mazmununa yüklenen anlamlardaki çeşitliliği ve derinliği anlamak amaçlanmıştır. Türkçe söz varlığının etkileşim hâlinde olduğu İslam kültür coğrafyasından aldığı Arapça ‘asel, şehd, şeker, şerbet, şarâb, mâu’l-‘asel Farsça engübîn, şîrîn ve kând gibi alıntı sözcükler de bal ve tatlılık anlamlarını karşılayan sözcükler arasında yer almıştır. Divan şiiri mazmunlarında somut olarak görülen bu durum, Türk dilinin dönemin sanat ve edebiyat diline hâkim dinî ve tasavvufî kültürüyle etkileşiminin doğal sonucudur.
NURTURING DOMESTIC OPEN-SOURCE TALENTS TO EMPOWER NEW-QUALITY PRODUCTIVITY: CONNOTATIVE CHARACTERISTICS AND DIRECTION OF PROMOTION
Authors: Yi Haibo , Qu Tau , Deng Weiping
Published: October 2024

The domestic open source industry is showing a vigorous development trend, with many industrial-level open source projects springing up, injecting new vitality into China's independent innovation and industrial development. However, in the face of global competition, we must face up to the challenges we are currently facing. China's open source community is still in a disadvantageous position on the international stage. There is a significant gap between the performance of enterprises in the open source field and that of foreign countries, and there is also a serious shortage of open source talent reserves in domestic universities. In view of this, this article deeply analyzes the shortcomings in the development of open source industry talents, focuses on how to inject strong impetus into new productivity, and deeply explores the connotation characteristics and promotion path of open source talent cultivation, emphasizing the key role of open source talents in the formation of new productivity. Based on these analyses, this article proposes a series of countermeasures and suggestions, including supporting the development of open source communities, strengthening the construction of open source talent teams in enterprises, strengthening the cultivation and echelon construction of open source talents in universities, integrating talent elements and scientific and educational resources, and exerting the siphon effect of talents, aiming to help China achieve a leading position in the open source industry and promote the sustainable development of new productivity.
CONTROVERSIAL ANALYSIS OF CANNABIS RECLASSIFICATION: PERSPECTIVES IN A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Barrabeitg Gabriel Lajus
Published: October 2024

Cannabis has a long and controversial tradition. A narrative review was conducted in 2024 with the aim of analyzing the discrepancies in the reclassification of cannabis for medical use and research in 2020. Indexed journals, scientific digital resources, reports from international organizations, States and expert opinions from institutions and scientists were critically examined. The results showed scientific evidence on risks and possible benefits, with a complex, biased, contradictory and inconclusive history. The damage to health and life led to its classification in an international regulatory legal framework, violated by drug trafficking and the patenting of molecules that do not meet the requirements as drugs, trivializing their abuse. After legalization, abuse, trafficking and harm increased, especially among young people. The pro-legalization environment of high-potency cannabis in a globalized world has decreased the perception of risk, even among health personnel, distorting communication. The thriving cannabis industry, with its sophisticated marketing, attracts young people. It was concluded that methodological and practical inconsistencies persist in research, weakening the international drug control regime. The benefits of reclassification are not evident; on the contrary, abuse, trafficking, physical and mental illness, indirect deaths and damage to the environment continue to increase, which could lead to the legalization of all drugs, threatening human health and survival.
GANDHI AND THE TRIBAL MOVEMENTS IN RAJASTHAN
Authors: Meena Harsh
Published: October 2024

The paper discussed the Tribal movements in Rajasthan and how Gandhian philosophy had contributed to these movements. The three different phases of tribal movements in Rajasthan were discussed. The early tribal consciousness was focused on the socio-cultural preservation of their culture, whereas the movements in the later phase were more concerned about the preservation of their tribal habitat and resistance against the economic and political exploitations by the Princely States and the British.
AWARENESS AND USE OF ACADEMIC SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES AMONG RESEARCH SCHOLARS OF STATE UNIVERSITY OF MAHARASHTRA IN THE SUBJECT OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE: A STUDY
Authors: Kamble Balaji A.
Published: October 2024

The present study investigated the awareness and use of academic social networking sites among research scholars. In the digital age, academic social networking sites (ASNS) have emerged as powerful tools for researchers to connect, collaborate, and disseminate their work. These platforms provide opportunities for scholars to interact with peers, share research findings, and build professional networks. This case study investigates the awareness and use of ASNS among research scholars of Library Science. Survey method were conducted through questionnaire tool used to collect the data from research scholars of ISEC Library and analysed using different parameter. The studies found that majority of the students were aware of ASNS and use this site for academic purpose. Further it alsodiscussed device used and impact of ASNS.
METACOGNTIVE AWARENESS OF LATE ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Kante Aparna Devi , Vani E. Manju
Published: October 2024

Metacognitive awareness seemed to be the key factor in learning the material. Metacognition refers to the knowledge of cognitive functions such as perception, memory, reasoning etc., Academic achievement to a large extent depends on metacognitive awareness as per various metacognitive psychologists.The presents study is focused on metacognitive awareness of late adolescents and also to assess the comparison of metacognitive awareness between girls and boys in eight sub-components such as declarative knowledge, procedural knowledge, conditional knowledge, planning, information management strategies, comprehension monitoring, debugging strategies and evaluation. The study was carried out on a sample of 100 late adolescents aged 18yrs. The results revealed that late adolescents have metacognitive awareness. Boys and girls both have good knowledge on all the sub-components of metacognitive awareness equally but significant difference was found on only one sub-component i.e., comprehension monitoring which was in favor of girls.