bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Undesirables in Mesopelagic Species and Implications for Food and Feed Safety—Insights from Norwegian Fjords
Authors: Wiech Martin , Silva Marta , Meier Sonnich , Tibon Jojo , Berntssen Marc H. G. , Duinker Arne , Sanden Monica
Published: August 2020

The increase in the global population demands more biomass from the ocean as future food and feed, and the mesopelagic species might contribute significantly. In the present study, we evaluated the food and feed safety of six of the most abundant mesopelagic species in Norwegian fjords. Trace elements (i.e., arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead), organic pollutants (i.e., dioxins, furans, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated flame-retardants), and potentially problematic lipid compounds (i.e., wax esters and erucic acid) were analyzed and compared to existing food and feed maximum levels and intake recommendations. Furthermore, contaminant loads in processed mesopelagic biomass (protein, oil, and fish meal) was estimated using worst-case scenarios to identify possible food and feed safety issues. While most undesirables were low considering European food legislation, we identified a few potential food safety issues regarding high levels of fluoride in Northern krill, wax esters in glacier lanternfish, and long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids in silvery lightfish. Our estimates in processed biomass indicated high levels of undesirable trace elements in the protein fraction, frequently exceeding the maximum levels for feed ingredients. However, in fish meal, almost no exceedances were seen. In the oil fraction, dioxins and furans were above the maximum levels, given for food and feed ingredients. The present study is crucial to enable an evaluation of the value of these species; however, more data is needed before proceeding with large-scale harvesting of mesopelagic biomass.
Analysis of Fractional Order Chaotic Financial Model with Minimum Interest Rate Impact
Authors: Farman Muhammad , Akgül Ali , Baleanu Dumitru , Imtiaz Sumaiyah , Ahmad Aqeel
Published: August 2020

The main objective of this paper is to construct and test fractional order derivatives for the management and simulation of a fractional order disorderly finance system. In the developed system, we add the critical minimum interest rate d parameter in order to develop a new stable financial model. The new emerging paradigm increases the demand for innovation, which is the gateway to the knowledge economy. The derivatives are characterized in the Caputo fractional order derivative and Atangana-Baleanu derivative. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solutions with fixed point theorem and an iterative scheme. The interest rate begins to rise according to initial conditions as investment demand and price exponent begin to fall, which shows the financial system’s actual macroeconomic behavior. Specifically component of its application to the large scale and smaller scale forms, just as the utilization of specific strategies and instruments such fractal stochastic procedures and expectation.
COVID-19 in China: Power, Transparency and Governance in Public Health Crisis
Authors: Zhang Jinrui , Zhang Ruilian
Published: August 2020

Public health crises are the “touchstone” to test the ability of national public health crisis governance. The public health crisis in the new era presents new characteristics: systematic, cross-border and uncertainty. The governance dilemma of a public health crisis generally emphasizes the joint participation and communication of different subjects, which is suspected of overlapping and redundancy, and lacks the auxiliary support of major public health crisis events. It dispels the significance of government-level cooperation. The essence of the public health crisis governance system is the chain law of stimulus–response. In combination with COVID-19 development in China, we track down the main reasons for the temporary disruption and the government’s response to this major public health crisis. We mainly examine the tension between the centralization of power in China’s governance structure and the effectiveness of local governance, and the control of local governments in information disclosure. The response to a public health crisis and the optimization of a decision-making mechanism should build tension between the centralization of power and effectiveness of local governance. It is suggested that government should disclose and share information to the public timely and pay more attention to the core value of order in crisis management.
Quality of Life and Dependence Degree of Chronic Patients in a Chronicity Care Model
Authors: Molina-Mula Jesús , Miguélez-Chamorro Angélica , Taltavull-Aparicio Joana María , Miralles-Xamena Jerónima , Ortego-Mate María del Carmen
Published: August 2020

Background: The complex chronic patient is a person with one or several long-term diseases, the clinical management of which are considered difficult and related to cognitive or functional impairment. The chronicity care model deeply affects the quality of life and degree of dependence. Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyse the perceived quality of life and dependence degree in complex chronic patients within a chronicity care model in the Autonomous Communities of Cantabria and the Balearic Islands (Spain). Design: This was a multicentred, transversal, descriptive, and observational study on a cohort of 206 chronic patients included in a chronicity care program. Methods: Patients’ sociodemographic variables, integral valuation, nurse follow-up records, nursing outcomes classification (NOC)/nursing interventions classification (NIC), nurse diagnoses, and hospitalization data were analysed. A descriptive analysis of all data was carried out. The bivariate analysis assessed the relation between covariables and the overall scoring in European Quality of Life Scale (EuroQuol-5D), Barthel, Braden, and Chronic Patient eXperience Assessment Instrument (IEXPAC in the Spanish abbreviation). A multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted. Results: The mean age was 79.4 years (standard deviation (SD) = 9.12; range: 39–94). A percentage of 79.3% of the study population shows functional impairment in one or more activities of daily life. A percentage of 83.3% of patients showed a physical dependence. There is a significant relationship between the gender and kinship degree of the caregiver (χ2 = 18.2; p = 0.001). An overall mean score of 55.38 points in EuroQuol-5D was obtained, along with a 36.87-point satisfaction with the care given in IEXPAC. The overall score correlated positively and significantly with Barthel, Braden, and IEXPAC. The dependence levels improved slightly in the observed patients, which was a very significant outcome in statistical terms (t = 2.08; p = 0.039). A percentage of 66% (R2 = 0.66) of the score variability at the Barthel index could be predicted from Braden scale scoring. Conclusions: Dependence is not only affected by the related pathology, but also by the effect on mobility and daily-life activities, which cause a worse perception of the quality of life. The health-care model based on the case management nurse is having positive effects, especially on dependence and patients with ulcer issues.
Ultra-High-Resolution Mapping of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile Meadows through Acoustic, Optical Data and Object-based Image Classification
Authors: Rende Sante Francesco , Bosman Alessandro , Di Mento Rossella , Bruno Fabio , Lagudi Antonio , Irving Andrew D. , Dattola Luigi , Giambattista Luca Di , Lanera Pasquale , Proietti Raffaele , Parlagreco Luca , Stroobant Mascha , Cellini Emilio
Published: August 2020

In this study, we present a framework for seagrass habitat mapping in shallow (5–50 m) and very shallow water (0–5 m) by combining acoustic, optical data and Object-based Image classification. The combination of satellite multispectral images-acquired from 2017 to 2019, together with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photomosaic maps, high-resolution multibeam bathymetry/backscatter and underwater photogrammetry data, provided insights on the short-term characterization and distribution of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, 1813 meadows in the Calabrian Tyrrhenian Sea. We used a supervised Object-based Image Analysis (OBIA) processing and classification technique to create a high-resolution thematic distribution map of P. oceanica meadows from multibeam bathymetry, backscatter data, drone photogrammetry and multispectral images that can be used as a model for classification of marine and coastal areas. As a part of this work, within the SIC CARLIT project, a field application was carried out in a Site of Community Importance (SCI) on Cirella Island in Calabria (Italy); different multiscale mapping techniques have been performed and integrated: the optical and acoustic data were processed and classified by different OBIA algorithms, i.e., k-Nearest Neighbors’ algorithm (k-NN), Random Tree algorithm (RT) and Decision Tree algorithm (DT). These acoustic and optical data combinations were shown to be a reliable tool to obtain high-resolution thematic maps for the preliminary characterization of seagrass habitats. These thematic maps can be used for time-lapse comparisons aimed to quantify changes in seabed coverage, such as those caused by anthropogenic impacts (e.g., trawl fishing activities and boat anchoring) to assess the blue carbon sinks and might be useful for future seagrass habitats conservation strategies.
Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activity on the Runoff Changes in the Guishui River Basin
Authors: Wang Meilin , Shao Yaqi , Jiang Qun’ou , Xiao Ling , Yan Haiming , Gao Xiaowei , Wang Lijun , Liu Peibin
Published: August 2020

Guishui River Basin in northwestern Beijing has ecological significance and will be one of the venues of the upcoming Beijing Winter Olympic Games in 2022. However, accelerating climate change and human disturbance in recent decades has posed an increasing challenge to the sustainable use of water in the basin. This study simulated the runoff of the Guishui River Basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to reveal the spatio-temporal variations of runoff in the basin and the impacts of climate change and human activities on the runoff changes. The results showed that annual runoff from 2004 to 2018 was relatively small, with an uneven intra-annual runoff distribution. The seasonal trends in runoff showed a decreasing trend in spring and winter while an increasing trend in summer and autumn. There was a first increasing and then decreasing trend of average annual runoff depth from northwest to southeast in the study area. In addition, the contributions of climate change and human activities to changes in runoff of the Guishui River Basin were 60% and 40%, respectively, but with opposite effects. The results can contribute to the rational utilization of water resources in the Guishui River Basin.
Study of Transition Zones in the Carbon Monoxide Catalytic Oxidation on Platinum Using the Network Simulation Method
Authors: Sánchez-Pérez Juan Francisco , Nicolas Jose Andres Moreno , Alhama Francisco , Canovas Manuel
Published: August 2020

A study of transition zones in the carbon monoxide catalytic oxidation over platinum is presented. After the design of a network model following the rules of the Network Simulation Method, it is run in a standard (free) software providing the fractional coverages of all species for different values of carbon monoxide partial pressure, the main parameter that produces the change between a stationary or periodic response. The design of the model is explained in detail and no assumptions are made concerning the removing of oxidation fractional coverage. The illusory chaotic behavior associated with an inadequate time step in the numerical algorithm is studied. This work provides an explanation for the transition (bifurcation) between the stationary and the periodical response studies making use of Poincaré plane and phase-diagrams. The extinction of variable fluctuation in the transition zone is analyzed to understand its relation with given values of transition partial pressures. Of particular interest is the small time span of the superficial fractional coverage of carbon monoxide fluctuation near the second transition partial pressure.
Colistin Heteroresistance among Extended Spectrum β-lactamases-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Morales-León Felipe , Lima Celia A. , González-Rocha Gerardo , Opazo-Capurro Andrés , Bello-Toledo Helia
Published: August 2020

Colistin-heteroresistant (CST-HR) Enterobacterales isolates have been identified recently, challenging the clinical laboratories since routine susceptibility tests fail to detect this phenotype. In this work we describe the first CST-HR phenotype in extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in South America. Additionally, we determine the genomic mechanisms of colistin heteroresistance in these strains. The CST-HR phenotype was analyzed by the population analysis profile (PAP) method, and mutations associated with this phenotype were determined by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and the local BLAST+ DB tool. As a result, 8/60 isolates were classified as CST-HR according to the PAP method. From WGS, we determined that the CST-HR isolates belong to three different Sequence Types (STs) and four K-loci: ST11 (KL15 and KL81), ST25 (KL2), and ST1161 (KL19). We identified diverse mutations in the two-component regulatory systems PmrAB and PhoPQ, as well as a disruption of the mgrB global regulator mediated by IS1-like and IS-5-like elements, which could confer resistance to CST in CST-HR and ESBL-producing isolates. These are the first descriptions in Chile of CST-HR in ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates. The emergence of these isolates could have a major impact on the effectiveness of colistin as a “last resort” against these isolates, thus jeopardizing current antibiotic alternatives; therefore, it is important to consider the epidemiology of the CST-HR phenotype.
Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains
Authors: Nao Naganori , Saikusa Miwako , Sato Ko , Sekizuka Tsuyoshi , Usuku Shuzo , Tanaka Nobuko , Nishimura Hidekazu , Takeda Makoto
Published: August 2020

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major etiological agent of acute respiratory infections in humans. HMPV has been circulating worldwide for more than six decades and is currently divided into five agreed-upon subtypes: A1, A2a, A2b, B1, and B2. Recently, the novel HMPV subtypes A2c, A2b1, and A2b2 have been proposed. However, the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships between these recently proposed HMPV subtypes are unclear. Here, we report a genome-wide phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of 161 HMPV strains, including unique HMPV subtype A2b strains with a 180- or 111-nucleotide duplication in the G gene (nt-dup). Our data demonstrate that the HMPV A2b subtype contains two distinct subtypes, A2b1 and A2b2, and that the HMPV subtypes A2c and A2b2 may be different names for the same subtype. HMPV A2b strains with a nt-dup also belong to subtype A2b2. Molecular evolutionary analyses indicate that subtypes A2b1 and A2b2 diverged from subtype A2b around a decade after the subtype A2 was divided into the subtypes A2a and A2b. These data support the A2b1 and A2b2 subtypes proposed in 2012 and are essential for the unified classification of HMPV subtype A2 strains, which is important for future HMPV surveillance and epidemiological studies.
Novel Psychrophiles and Exopolymers from Permafrost Thaw Lake Sediments
Authors: Finore Ilaria , Vigneron Adrien , Vincent Warwick F. , Leone Luigi , Di Donato Paola , Schiano Moriello Aniello , Nicolaus Barbara , Poli Annarita
Published: August 2020

Thermokarst lakes are one of the most abundant types of microbial ecosystems in the circumpolar North. These shallow basins are formed by the thawing and collapse of ice-rich permafrost, with subsequent filling by snow and ice melt. Until now, permafrost thaw lakes have received little attention for isolation of microorganisms by culture-based analysis. The discovery of novel psychrophiles and their biomolecules makes these extreme environments suitable sources for the isolation of new strains, including for potential biotechnological applications. In this study, samples of bottom sediments were collected from three permafrost thaw lakes in subarctic Québec, Canada. Their diverse microbial communities were characterized by 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis, and subsamples were cultured for the isolation of bacterial strains. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of the isolates revealed affinities to the genera Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus, Acinetobacter,Staphylococcus and Sphingomonas. The isolates were then evaluated for their production of extracellular enzymes and exopolymers. Enzymes of potential biotechnological interest included α and β-glucosidase, α and β-maltosidase, β-xylosidase and cellobiohydrolase. One isolate, Pseudomonas extremaustralis strain 2ASCA, also showed the capability to produce, in the loosely bound cell fraction, a levan-type polysaccharide with a yield of 613 mg/L of culture, suggesting its suitability as a candidate for eco-sustainable alternatives to commercial polymers.
Structural Insight into CVB3-VLP Non-Adjuvanted Vaccine
Authors: Hankaniemi Minna M. , Baikoghli Mo A. , Stone Virginia M. , Xing Li , Väätäinen Outi , Soppela Saana , Sioofy-Khojine Amirbabak , Saarinen Niila V. V. , Ou Tingwei , Anson Brandon , Hyöty Heikki , Marjomäki Varpu , Flodström-Tullberg Malin , Cheng R. Holland , Hytönen Vesa P. , Laitinen Olli H.
Published: August 2020

Coxsackievirus B (CVB) enteroviruses are common pathogens that can cause acute and chronic myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, aseptic meningitis, and they are hypothesized to be a causal factor in type 1 diabetes. The licensed enterovirus vaccines and those currently in clinical development are traditional inactivated or live attenuated vaccines. Even though these vaccines work well in the prevention of enterovirus diseases, new vaccine technologies, like virus-like particles (VLPs), can offer important advantages in the manufacturing and epitope engineering. We have previously produced VLPs for CVB3 and CVB1 in insect cells. Here, we describe the production of CVB3-VLPs with enhanced production yield and purity using an improved purification method consisting of tangential flow filtration and ion exchange chromatography, which is compatible with industrial scale production. We also resolved the CVB3-VLP structure by Cryo-Electron Microscopy imaging and single particle reconstruction. The VLP diameter is 30.9 nm on average, and it is similar to Coxsackievirus A VLPs and the expanded enterovirus cell-entry intermediate (the 135s particle), which is ~2 nm larger than the mature virion. High neutralizing and total IgG antibody levels, the latter being a predominantly Th2 type (IgG1) phenotype, were detected in C57BL/6J mice immunized with non-adjuvanted CVB3-VLP vaccine. The structural and immunogenic data presented here indicate the potential of this improved methodology to produce highly immunogenic enterovirus VLP-vaccines in the future.
The Efficient 3D Gravity Focusing Density Inversion Based on Preconditioned JFNK Method under Undulating Terrain: A Case Study from Huayangchuan, Shaanxi Province, China
Authors: Meng Qingfa , Ma Guoqing , Wang Taihan , Xiong Shengqing
Published: August 2020

Since polymetallic ores show higher anomalies in gravity exploration methods, we usually obtain the position and range of ore bodies by density inversion of gravity data. The three-dimensional (3D) gravity focusing density inversion is a common interpretation method in mineral exploration, which can directly and quantitatively obtain the density distribution of subsurface targets. However, in actual cases, it is computation inefficient. We proposed the preconditioned Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) method to accomplish the focusing inversion. The JFNK method is an efficient algorithm in solving large sparse systems of nonlinear equations, and we further accelerate the inversion process by the preconditioned technique. In the actual area, the gravity anomalies are distributed on the naturally undulating surface. Nowadays, the gravity inversion under undulating terrain was mainly achieved by discretizing the ground into unstructured meshes, but it is complicated and time-consuming. To improve the practicality, we presented an equivalent-dimensional method that incorporates unstructured meshes with structured meshes in gravity inversion, and the horizontal size is determined by the gradient of observed gravity and terrain data. The small size meshes are adopted at the position where the terrain or gravity gradient is large. We used synthetic data with undulating-terrain to test our new method. The results indicated that the recovered model obtained by this method was similar to the inversion method of unstructured meshes, and the new method computes faster. We also applied the method to field data in Huayangchuan, Shaanxi Province. The survey area has complicated terrain conditions and contains multiple polymetallic ores. Based on the high-density characteristics of polymetallic ore bodies in the area, we calculate the field data into 3D density models of the subsurface by the preconditioned JFNK method and infer six polymetallic ores.
Preliminary Investigation of the Usability Characteristics Required for Wound Management Products by Semi-Structural Interview of Medical Staff
Authors: Hirose Kaoru , Kawano Yayoi , Shigeno Nahoko , Mizutani Yoshikatsu , Onishi Hiraku , Hanawa Takehisa
Published: August 2020

Consideration of drug usability characteristics is important during the design process. Although many wound management products have been developed in recent years, there are few studies on their usability. We investigated the needs and characteristics of wound management products required by medical professionals, so as to consider these in future development projects. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in a group of healthcare professionals. Interview responses were analyzed based on thematic analysis. Four themes common to all facilities were secondary wounds, adaptability of materials, convenience, and physicochemical properties. Economic efficiency of medical care was found to be considered only at the hospital, and quality of life of patients was found to be considered only at the home palliative care clinic. Requirements for wound management products can be affected by participants’ roles and their facility settings. However, there were needs common to all fields that all wound management products should aim to incorporate.
Scheduling Two Identical Parallel Machines Subjected to Release Times, Delivery Times and Unavailability Constraints
Authors: Al-Shayea Adel M. , Saleh Mustafa , Alatefi Moath , Ghaleb Mageed
Published: August 2020

This paper proposes a genetic algorithm (GA) for scheduling two identical parallel machines subjected to release times and delivery times, where the machines are periodically unavailable. To make the problem more practical, we assumed that the machines are undergoing periodic maintenance rather than making them always available. The objective is to minimize the makespan (Cmax). A lower bound (LB) of the makespan for the considered problem was proposed. The GA performance was evaluated in terms of the relative percentage deviation (RPD) (the relative distance to the LB) and central processing unit (CPU) time. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the GA parameters, namely, population size, crossover probability, mutation probability, mutation ratio, and pressure selection, which simultaneously minimize the RPD and CPU time. The optimized settings of the GA parameters were used to further analyze the scheduling problem. Factorial design of the scheduling problem input variables, namely, processing times, release times, delivery times, availability and unavailability periods, and number of jobs, was used to evaluate their effects on the RPD and CPU time. The results showed that increasing the release time intervals, decreasing the availability periods, and increasing the number of jobs increase the RPD and CPU time and make the problem very difficult to reach the LB.
Investigation of Itaconic Acid Separation by Operating a Commercialized Electrodialysis Unit with Bipolar Membranes
Authors: Rózsenberszki Tamás , Komáromy Péter , Kőrösi Enikő , Bakonyi Péter , Nemestóthy Nándor , Bélafi-Bakó Katalin
Published: August 2020

Nowadays, the merging of membrane and fermentation technologies is receiving significant attention such as in the case of itaconic acid (IA) production, which is considered as a value-added chemical. Its biotechnological production is already industrially established; however, the improvements of its fermentative and recovery steps remain topics of significant interest due to sustainable development trends. With an adequate downstream process, the total price of IA production can be reduced. For the task of IA recovery, a contemporary electro-membrane separation processes, electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (EDBM), was proposed and employed in this work. In the experiments, the laboratory-scale, commercialized EDBM unit (P EDR-Z/4x) was operated to separate IA from various model solutions compromised of IA (5–33 g/L), glucose (varied in 15–33 g/L as a residual substrate during IA fermentation) and malic acid (varied in 0–1 g/L as a realistic by-product of IA fermentation) under different initial pH (2–5) and applied potential conditions (10–30 V). Unambiguously negative effects related to the glucose and malic acid as impurities were found neither on the IA recovery ratio nor on the current efficiency, falling into the ranges of 90–97% and 74.3–98.5%, respectively. The highest IA recovery ratios of 97% and 98.5% of current efficiency were obtained with the model fermentation solution containing 33 g/L IA, 33 g/L glucose at 20 V and an initial pH of 5. However, the selective separation of IA needs further investigations with a real fermentation broth, and the findings of this research may contribute to further studies in this field.
Pharmacological Properties and Chemical Profiles of Passiflora foetida L. Extracts: Novel Insights for Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals
Authors: Chiavaroli Annalisa , Di Simone Simonetta Cristina , Sinan Kouadio Ibrahime , Ciferri Maria Chiara , Angeles Flores Giancarlo , Zengin Gokhan , Etienne Ouattara Katinan , Ak Gunes , Fawzi Mahomoodally Mohamad , Jugreet Sharmeen , Cziáky Zoltán , Jekő József , Recinella Lucia , Brunetti Luigi , Leone Sheila , Angelini Paola , Venanzoni Roberto , Menghini Luigi , Ferrante Claudio , Orlando Giustino
Published: August 2020

In the present study, Passiflora foetida extracts characterized by different polarities were studied for their phytochemical profile, enzyme inhibitory, and antioxidant potentials. In silico, in vitro and ex vivo studies were also carried out on methanol and water extracts for predicting pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. In this regard, neuronal HypoE22 cells, isolated mouse skin tissues, and pathogen dermatophytes strains were exposed to extracts. Emphasis was given to the preventing effects induced by the extracts on hydrogen peroxide-induced alterations of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), l-dopa, and serotonin. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of similar compounds in infusion and methanolic extracts. The ex vivo studies also showed protective skin properties by P. foetida water and methanol extracts, as evidenced by the decrease of hydrogen peroxide-induced PGE2 level. Additionally, the blunting effects on hydrogen peroxide-induced l-dopa levels are consistent with the anti-tyrosinase effect exerted by both extracts. In silico studies demonstrated the affinity of extracts’ phytochemicals, namely apigenin, chrysoeriol, loliolide, luteolin, quercetin, and vitexin, towards cyclo-oxygenase-2 and tyrosinase. Finally, microbiological tests demonstrated the efficacy of P. foetida methanol and water extracts as anti-mycotic agents against Trichophyton and Arthroderma species, involved in skin inflammation. Hence, P. foetida L. extracts could represent potential sources of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals.
Learning about Religions: An Indonesian Religious Literacy Program as a Multifaith Site for Mutual Learning
Authors: Sofjan Dicky
Published: August 2020

The term “literacy” has been mostly applied in the context of language, mathematical and cultural abilities as a basic competency in life and social interaction. Thus, competence in reading, writing and math subjects as well as cultural training are perceived to be the definition of literacy found in many societies around the world. This article examines the concept and application of Indonesia’s “religious literacy” program as a multifaith site for mutual learning among religious communities. This program is expected to offer a mechanism to moderate the religious fervour that is currently engulfing the nation and become a buffer against radicalism. Based on collaboration between university-based academics and the Ministry of Religious Affairs, the program strives to promote social justice, religious harmony and multiculturalism. The religious literacy program mainly targets the Ministry’s religious extension officers, religion teachers and representatives of various so-called “strategic groups” in six provinces in Indonesia. Findings suggest that the religious literacy program has helped the frontliners to get to know each other, share their tacit knowledge, insights and experiences, making the program into a multifaith site for mutual learning.
On a Symmetric Image Encryption Algorithm Based on the Peculiarity of Plaintext DNA Coding
Authors: Kang Yulan , Huang Linqing , He Yan , Xiong Xiaoming , Cai Shuting , Zhang Haiyu
Published: August 2020

Many plaintext-related or non-plaintext-related image encryption algorithms based on chaotic systems have been found inefficient and insecure under chosen plaintext attacks. In this paper, a novel plaintext-related mechanism based on the peculiarity of plaintext DNA coding (PPDC) is presented and used to developed a symmetric image encryption algorithm. In our scheme, a hyper-chaotic Lorenz system is used to produce four chaotic sequences. Firstly, by using one chaotic sequence to control the DNA rules, the original image is encoded to obtain the image DNA coding and PPDC, and another chaotic sequence is encoded into a DNA sequence, which is used in the DNA XOR operation. Then, the processing of the remaining two chaotic sequences by using the PPDC is performed to obtain two key streams, which are used in the permutation stage. After performing the traditional permutation operation and DNA XOR operation, the cipher image is obtained. Because of the use of the PPDC, the key streams used in the permutation stage are related to the secret keys and plaintext image, which gives the encryption system higher plaintext sensitivity and security. The simulation experimental results and security analysis demonstrate that the proposed encryption system possesses high efficiency and security and can resist various typical attacks like exhaustive attack, statistical attack, and differential attack effectively.
Description of the standard operating procedure «Technique for putting on sterile medical gloves»
Authors: Ivanova E. , Pyatikop V.
Published: August 2020

This standard operating procedure (SOP) defines the technique of putting on sterile disposable medical gloves and has been put into practice by the medical staff in the diagnostic and treatment departments of the Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Center.
Analysis and assessment of the correlation between mental states and successful activities of nurses (results of research work)
Authors: Menzul E. , Ryazantseva N. , Karasyova L.
Published: August 2020

The article presents the results obtained with the use of psychodiagnostic techniques that allowed to analyze and assess professional success of nursing staff, level of emotional burnout and psychological stress, manifestations of anxiety and fear of failure in order to adjust the behavior and well-being of specialists in the process of professional activity.
Features of heart rate variability in students of lyceum and general education classes during physical activity
Authors: Skobkareva O.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the study of heart rate variability in students of lyceum and general education classes during physical activity. Evaluation of adaptation reactions of organism to physical activity depending on type of regulation is considered.
Mental disorders in patients with tuberculosis
Authors: Rashchupkin Andrey , Maksyutov Vitaliy
Published: August 2020

Mental and behavioral disorders, as well as tuberculosis, are included in the list of socially significant diseases. In this regard, the topic of studying the clinical picture of mental disorders that occur in patients with tuberculosis is always an urgent topic.
Comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage
Authors: Shcheglova Tatyana
Published: August 2020

The article presents results of the study of a comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.), growing in the Botanical Garden of the First Moscow State Medical University named after Sechenov. The studies were carried out using gas chromatography– mass spectrometry. Qualitative and quantitative difference in the component composition of the essential oil obtained from fresh and dried raw materials was determined as a result of the study.
Health Protecting Technologies in Social Work with Multi-Child Families
Authors: Ibragimova Albina , Mametieva Olga
Published: August 2020

In the article the authors study the concept of «health protection» as a specifi c activity to preserve and promote health from the aspects of an individual, society and a state in general. A detailed classifi cation of health protecting technologies implemented in social work is presented, and the experience of the practical activities of non-profi t organizations in the fi eld of health protection of large families is analyzed.
Features of spring feeding of sterlet of the middle course of the Northern Dvina river
Authors: Bykov A. , Palatov D. , Studenov I. , Chupov D.
Published: August 2020

The article provides information about the features of spring feeding of sterlet in the spawning grounds of the middle course of the Northern Dvina river in may 2019. The main and secondary groups of forage objects in the diet of this species of sturgeon are characterized. The article considers the variability of the sterlet food composition with an increase in the size of fish from 30 to 60 cm. In the process of fish growth in the diet of the Severodvinsk sterlet, the main components in terms of occurrence and mass in all size groups are the larvae of Brooks and chironomids. A minor occurrence was the larvae of midges, biting midges, stoneflies, mayflies and small clams. To random and seasonal food are the larvae of water bugs, butterflies, flies, beetles and eggs of other fish. The feeding intensity of the smaller sterlet (30–40 cm) was significantly higher than that of the fish in the size groups 40–50 and 50–60 cm. Fundamental changes in the diet of the Severodvinsk sterlet for the main food objects for more than sixty years of observations have not been established. During periods of high water content of the Northern Dvina due to seasonal changes in the structure of benthic communities, the value of Brooks in the diet of sterlet increases and the proportion of chironomids decreases.
The use of coniferous phyto-additives in the diet of sturgeons
Authors: Yurina N. , Yurin D. , Maksim E. , Danilova A.
Published: August 2020

The researches have been conducted on the study of coniferous phyto-additives as part of the compound feed for sturgeons. In this feed additive there is a biologically active component, consisting of the sum of the extractives of the woody green of the Scotch pine. Based on the studies, it can be concluded that the coniferous-energy feed additive has a beneficial effect on the intestinal microflora of juvenile sturgeon. The mass of fish at the end of rearing increased in the second group by 13.6 % (р < 0.001). The fatness ratio increased by 4.1%. Significantly increased the survival rate of fish in the experimental group: by 5.6 %. As a result of the use of phyto-additives, there was an increase in the level of profitability by 11.7 %.
Prospects of BRICS in the framework of Brazilian summit
Authors: Astakhov Evgeny
Published: August 2020

BRICS is one of the alternative projects of multipolar world building. BRICS was created as community of the most powerful developing countries seeking to reform the world order. What is unique about this bloc is the fact that it includes counties with various social-economic models and cultural-civilizational characteristics. BRICS is primarily a dialogue platform for discussing major international issues. At the same time the foreign policy of BRICS is based on the solid basis of economic and military-political potential of the member states. BRICS offers new ways of reforming the system of international regulation.
New ''Cold War''
Authors: Batiuk Vladimir
Published: August 2020

In this article, the ''Cold War'' is understood as a situation where the relationship between the leading States is determined by ideological confrontation and, at the same time, the presence of nuclear weapons precludes the development of this confrontation into a large-scale armed conflict. Such a situation has developed in the years 1945–1989, during the first Cold War. We see that something similar is repeated in our time-with all the new nuances in the ideological struggle and in the nuclear arms race.
Is pan-European security possible?
Authors: Klepatsky Lev
Published: August 2020

The article analyses the EU approach towards pan-European security, the substance that was eroded by the Brussels’ activities. The EU policy resulted into degradation the pan-European security architecture. It became a hostage of the trans-Atlantic solidarity. One of the main aims of transforming European economic communities into the EU was to establish itself as a hegemon in Europe and to reorganize the European sphere on its own rules and principles. Political expedience became superior over economic performance in the EU policies. The EU claimed to represent the whole Europe though not all the European states were its members. Due to the EU and NATO activities the OSCE turned into a minor organization unable to address the challenges of pan-European security. The EU policy has led to creation of new conflicts and division lines in Europe. The EU-Russian relations are considered in the context of pan-European security. The mechanisms for dialogue and cooperation in various fields, including security, are broken. The EU is pursuing the policy of pushing Russia out of Europe. The Ukrainian crisis is an artificial product of the EU. The concept of pan-European security needs critical review and rethinking the role of Russia.
Twitter diplomacy as an instrument of foreign policy communication
Authors: Surma Ivan
Published: August 2020

Currently, social networks are increasingly being used as an effective medium for public diplomacy. The article is devoted to the consideration of the phenomenon of Twitter diplomacy and its role in the foreign policy of most countries of the world. The events of recent years show that Twitter has not only become a new tool in diplomatic activity, but also changed the way the diplomatic processes themselves are perceived. Diplomats and world political leaders have begun to understand the benefits of some of Twitter's services and capabilities to maintain the most favorable relationships in a networked public space. Thanks to Twitter, the relationship between social networks and diplomacy began to transform into a dynamically developing modern phenomenon, showing that social networks can play both negative (Twitter revolutions, social instability, the formation of negative public opinion, etc.), and a positive important role in building favorable relations and ensuring peace between peoples. Therefore, Twitter today remains the most popular social network for world political leaders and foreign ministries of several countries.
The Northern forum as a successful model for the implementation of the identity of intra-state actors in the Arctic region
Authors: Lukin A.
Published: August 2020

The process of transforming international relations goes on under the influence of globalization mechanisms together with the development of integration processes. The establishment of more complex and at the same time simple mechanisms of cooperation in the system of international relations between its actors is the result of a change in the methods of introducing cases. Moving away from the classical principles of cooperation-diplomatic contacts, alliances, the world ceases to be a bipolar system of world device, thanks to the process of globalization, a multipolar world structure is being built with the new actors inherent in the globalization process, gives an example of multinational corporations and NGOs. Under the influence of globalization, the usual tools of international politics are being modified, since within the framework of the new system of transnational interaction, national states are forced to adapt to a changing, interconnected and interdependent world in which there is no longer a clear division between external and internal affairs. State power is forced to transform, transferring to a larger extent part of its functions to supranational structures, sharing its administrative functions with these structures and creating new models of world political governance. The Northern Forum acts as an organization uniting the regions of the subjects for solving common problems in the Arctic region.
Umbrella concept of diplomacy in international discourse
Authors: Tabarintseva-Romanova K.
Published: August 2020

The article proposes a rationale to expand the concept of humanitarian diplomacy. Based on scientific research, the author proposes to escape from a narrow understanding of humanitarian diplomacy as providing humanitarian assistance and assistance to vulnerable groups of the population. An attempt is made to form a single umbrella concept of diplomacy, which would include all types of modern diplomacy that are aimed at protecting a person, his values of ideals.
Experience of the Diplomatic Academy of Russian foreign Ministry in developing training programs for the faculty of postgraduate studies
Authors: Zhivora L. , Panchenko L.
Published: August 2020

The Article is devoted to the experience of developing practice-oriented training programs for students at the faculty of advanced training of the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian foreign Ministry and, on their basis, conducting professional trainings as close as possible to the practical tasks of young diplomats.
Non-bank financial intermediation as a factor of vulnerabilities in the global financial system
Authors: Kravchenko Yu.
Published: August 2020

The article analyzes the indicators that characterize the sector of non-bank fi nancial intermediation. It is revealed that non-bank fi nancing provides a valuable alternative to bank fi nancing for many fi rms and households. It is established that the growth of non-bank fi nancial intermediation may also give rise to vulnerabilities in the global fi nancial system. The methodology for the detection and classifi cation of the structures that may pose bank-like fi nancial stability risks are described. Special attention is given to the problem of implementation of reforms to strengthen oversight and regulation of non-bank fi nancial intermediation at both the country-specifi c and international levels.
Organizational and legal mechanisms of education export in the Russian Federation
Authors: Teteryatnikov K. , Каmolov S. , Pototskaya E.
Published: August 2020

The article is meant to analyze the legal basis and organizational models of educational services export in the Russian Federation. The authors believe that the sale of educational services to foreign legal entities and individuals can become one of the alternatives to commodity exports and an important source of income for educational institutions and the country’s budget. The regulatory framework for developing the export of educational services in the Russian Federation, despite some of its shortcomings, allows to eff ectively promote the interests of Russian universities both in Russia and abroad, but not all universities are ready for such activities. Within the framework of the Federal project "Development of the export potential of Russian education", fi ve models of educational services export by Russian universities were proposed. However, according to the authors, introduction of bilingual bachelor’s, master’s and postgraduate programs, creation of a unifi ed register of accredited providers of Russian educational export services, development of a list of export education courses and standards for their teaching could also contribute to the increase in export indicators.
Forecast of the dynamics of russian exports with variability in the world markets for hydrocarbon energy carriers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences for the world economy
Authors: Iordanova V. , Shapor M.
Published: August 2020

Within the framework of this scientific article, we conduct a study of the dynamics of Russian exports, taking into account the variability of the world commodity markets of hydrocarbons. Interest is presented by the hypothesis proposed by the authors about groups of factors, which makes it possible to quantify the influence of each group of factors on the country’s exports. At the same time, the factors allowing assessing the impact of changes in hydrocarbon prices on exports are allocated to a separate research group. In addition, taking into account the analysis of scenarios for the development of the world economy, the authors present the results of their own estimates of the dynamics of Russian exports, taking into account changes in prices for hydrocarbon energy.
Realidade, linguagem e beleza segundo Werner Heisenberg
Authors: Augusto Passos Videira Antonio , Fils Puig Carlos
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo, apresentamos uma análise das noções de beleza e verdade segundo o pensamento desenvolvido pelo físico alemão Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976). Essa análise é realizada de modo a ressaltar os fortes vínculos constitutivos entre ambas as noções.
Bien común e interés público en el pensamiento de Alasdair MacIntyre
Authors: Pedro Rivas
Published: August 2020

Aunque las obras principales de MacIntyre son muy conocidas, existe un texto inédito que rara vez suele encontrarse citado y que es relevante para comprender sus tesis acerca de la Política. El texto recoge con mayor detalle que en otros lugares de la obra del pensador escocés sus tesis acerca del bien común. El propósito de este trabajo es exponer dichas tesis, completándolas con otros artículos de MacIntyre sobre la misma temática, para dar un cuadro más exacto de su pensamiento sobre el bien común. Al hilo de tal exposición se lleva a cabo una serie de comentarios que surgen de su lectura.
Wittgenstein
Authors: Bravo Elías
Published: August 2020

La revuelta filosófica, colección dirigida por Lucas Soares para la editorial Galerna, abre un espacio de lectura que busca rescatar lo arriesgado y desafiante del pensamiento filosófico. Federico Penelas, Doctor en n Filosofía, docente de la cátedra de Filosofía del Lenguaje en la Universidad de Buenos Aires y en la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata,  investigador del CONICET (Argentina), ex presidente de la Asociación Filosófica Argentina (AFRA) y especialista en la temática referida a la semántica filosófica contemporánea es quien se ha encargado de la redacción del volumen publicado en la colección, dedicado a la revuelta promovida por Ludwig Wittgenstein. El escenario, 368 páginas, divididas en un estudio preliminar, selección de textos y bibliografía de referencia.