bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TENDENCIES OF “GREEN” CONSTRUCTION IN THE WORLD AND MODERN RUSSIA
Authors: ASTAFYEVA Nonna S. , LAGUTA Irina V. , KUKARINA Elena E. , EMELYANOVA Yana O.
Published: January 2020

Green construction is a new fundamental environmental direction in the design, construction, operation and dismantling of buildings. Currently, there are two international systems for assessing the eco-efficiency of construction: BREEAM (British system) and LEED (American system). BREEM is a scientific standard focused on a large number of environmental issues. LEED is a commercial standard for energy consumption. The above assessment systems have different levels of minimum requirements; buildings that meet these requirements receive respectively a BREEM certificate or a LEED certificate. The article discusses buildings certified according to different systems for assessing eco-efficiency, located both in the Russian Federation and in the world. The leading place in the number of “green” buildings in Russia belongs to the city of Sochi, thanks to the 2014 Olympics. Then, there are the capital cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg, on the territory of which are located not only shopping, entertainment and office “green” buildings, but also residential eco quarters. Sports arenas were built for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in host cities. In particular, the Samara 45-thousandth sports arena became the first Russian facility for the 2018 football championship, which won international recognition, having received a certificate according to the standard of the BREEM system.
SYSTEMATIZATION OF TYPES OF BUILDINGS NATURAL LIGHTING
Authors: KALINKINA Nadezhda A. , ZHDANOVA Irina V. , KUZNETSOVA Anna A.
Published: January 2020

The choice of the type of natural lighting in architectural and construction practice depends on a number of constructive, technological and engineering measures. The authors’ analysis of Russian and foreign experience in the design and construction of buildings allows us to ascertain the fact of a stereotypical approach to providing premises with sunlight and the lack of interest in actively developing technical means that can improve lighting. The article is devoted to the organization and improvement of the quality of lighting in buildings for various purposes. The paper generalizes the types of natural lighting used in modern buildings. The positive and negative sides of all types of lighting are analyzed and recommendations are given on the possibility of their use for buildings with “diffi cult to light” spaces. The parameters that infl uence the choice of options for lighting with sunlight are highlighted depending on the functional purpose of the building and its planning structure.
RESEARCH OF INFLUENCE OF AIR TEMPERATURE ON THE LEVEL OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN SMOKE GASES OF BOILER PLANTS
Authors: BALANDINA Olga A. , PURING Svetlana M.
Published: January 2020

The analysis of the values of the concentrations of the formed nitrogen oxides and the temperatures of the jet plume under various conditions of mixture formation is carried out. The plots of the distribution of torch temperatures and concentrations of nitric oxide in the calculated area for oxidizer temperatures of 20, 60, 100, 150, and 200 ° C were obtained and analyzed. Mathematical modeling of the gaseous fuel combustion process was carried out using the FlowVision software package. An analysis of the results showed that a decrease in the temperature of the air supplied as an oxidizing agent leads to a significant decrease in the concentration of nitrogen oxides in flue gases, while not significantly affecting the change in the flame temperature. The research results can be used to solve the problems of optimizing boiler plants, in order to reduce harmful flue gas emissions. Further modeling is planned to determine the dependence of the influence of various factors on the degree of formation of nitrogen oxides in the flue gases of boiler plants.
A VALORIZAÇÃO DA TERAPIA COMUNITÁRIA INTEGRATIVA COMO PRÁTICA EFETIVA DO SUS
Authors: Melo Vilma Felipe Costa de , Gomes Maria Isabel Nunes , Cavalcanti Larissa Nunes Figueiredo , Pereira Neirilanny Da Silva , Pereira Vagna Cristina Leite da Silva
Published: January 2020

A Terapia Comunitária Integrativa (TCI) é uma prática de saúde mental, que aos poucos vem se consolidando no país como mais uma estratégia de cuidado nas doenças emocionais e mentais, promovendo dessa forma ações de atenção básica, visando a prevenção de doenças psíquicas e promovendo qualidade de vida. O objetivo deste trabalho além de prestar serviço de cuidado à comunidade é a valorização e reconhecimento dos bons resultados oferecidos por essa modalidade terapêutica por acadêmicos na área da saúde, bem como para firmação da Terapia Comunitária Integrativa como prática efetiva do SUS, na tentativa de minimizar as falhas encontradas na prática tradicional do modelo biomédico.  Este trabalho consta de um relato de experiência, vivenciados por acadêmicas extensionistas do projeto: Rodas de terapia comunitária e resgate da auto-estima, das Faculdades Nova Esperança-PB. As visitas foram realizadas, semanalmente, durante o ano de 2018, com uma média de 15 usuárias, no Centro de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (Canto da Harmonia). Consiste em um espaço aberto, onde ocorre a troca de experiências de vida de forma horizontal e circular, visando o alívio do sofrimento humano, através da partilha de experiências de vida entre os participantes. Observou-se que essa tecnologia de cuidado traz impacto positivo para a vida de pessoas que clamam por um espaço de acolhida, de valorização de experiências e de atenção, atuando como peça-chave no processo de promoção da saúde mental e prevenção do adoecimento psíquico.
ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS, PATOLÓGICOS E TERAPÊUTICOS DA PLACA EOSINOFÍLICA FELINA – RELATO DE CASO
Authors: De Vasconcelos Jackson Suelio , Camelo Higor Vinícius Da Silva , Nascimento Letícia Ferreira do , Medeiros Lídia Stefânia Vilela
Published: January 2020

Embora haja diferenciação histológica em cada uma das apresentações clínicas do complexo granuloma eosinofílico, em um mesmo gato pode apresentar mais de uma forma. O diagnóstico definitivo é baseado através do histórico clínico, citologia e exame histopatológico. Descreve-se dois casos de placa eosinofílica felina no município de João Pessoa, Paraíba. O primeiro caso ocorreu em um gato de dois anos de idade que apresentava lesão em toda extensão do abdome com úlceras e exsudato, presença de pulgas e anorexia. O segundo tratava-se de uma gata de 11 anos que apresentava lesão localizada no abdome, presença de úlceras e exsudato, e que também tinha sido visualizado pulgas. No hemograma ambos apresentaram eritropenia leve, leucocitose, eosinofilia e trombocitopenia. No exame citopatológico foi observado células degeneradas semelhantes à eosinófilos. No exame histopatológico em ambos os casos foi observado na epiderme acantose e espongiose. Na derme presença de infiltrado eosinofílico, com presença de mastócitos, plasmócitos, com exocitose eosinófilica e também colagenólise. Foi adotado antibiótico terapia a base de enrofloxacina na dose de 5 mg/kg/pv a cada 24 horas por 10 dias, corticóide terapia com predinosolona na dose de 1 mg/kg/pv por 10 dias e assepsia nos ferimentos com clorexidina a 0,2%. Ao término do tratamento os animais se recuperaram totalmente. O diagnóstico de placa eosinofílica felina foi realizado com base no histórico clínico e com os resultados dos exames citopatológicos, histopatológicos e na resposta terapêutica.
О-RADS and ADNEX MR scoring system: standardization of assessment and modern approaches to stratification of ovarian malignancy risks
Authors: Solopova A. E. , Dudina A. N.
Published: January 2020

This article reviews the studies published over the recent 10 years about diagnostic imaging of ovarian lesions (OL). We discuss the current classification systems considering the imaging criteria and the risks of malignancy as well as the ways of optimizing the treatment of patients. There are a number of methods of evaluation and interpretation of diagnostic data obtained using ultrasound as a first line method for OL visualization. To report the results, there is a unified terminology system O-RADS (Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System) developed specifically for ultrasound examinations. In 2013, the ADNEX MR (adnexal lesions magnetic resonance imaging) scoring system (AMRSS) was developed to standardize magnetic resonance data. That system combines the analysis of both basic-anatomical and functional MR-images and allows one to classify ovarian tumors by the risk of malignancy. Although O-RADS and AMRSS are based on different diagnostic modalities, they complement each other for the diagnostic purpose. In this review, we analyze correlations between the results obtained with these two methods; we also address the possibility of using the above methods in combination in order to pursue a more comprehensive approach to diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
Estimating Rupture Dimensions of Three Major Earthquakes in Sichuan, China, for Early Warning and Rapid Loss Estimates
Authors: Li Jiawei , Böse Maren , Wyss Max , Wald David J. , Hutchison Alexandra , Clinton John F. , Wu Zhongliang , Jiang Changsheng , Zhou Shiyong
Published: January 2020

Large earthquakes, such as Wenchuan in 2008, Mw 7.9, Sichuan, China, provide an opportunity for earthquake early warning (EEW), as many heavily shaken areas are far (∼50  km) from the epicenter and warning times could be sufficient (≥5  s) to take preventive action. On the other hand, earthquakes with magnitudes larger than ∼M 6.5 are challenging for EEW because source dimensions need to be defined to adequately estimate shaking. Finite-fault rupture detector (FinDer) is an approach to identify fault rupture extents from real-time seismic records. In this study, we playback local and regional onscale strong-motion waveforms of the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, 2013 Mw 6.6 Lushan, and 2017 Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquakes to study the performance of FinDer for the current layout of the China Strong Motion Network. Overall, the FinDer line-source models agree well with the observed spatial distribution of aftershocks and models determined from waveform inversion. However, because FinDer models are constructed to characterize seismic ground motions (as needed for EEW) instead of source parameters, the rupture length can be overestimated for events radiating high levels of high-frequency motions. If the strong-motion data used had been available in real time, 50%–80% of sites experiencing intensity modified Mercalli intensity IV–VII (light to very strong) and 30% experiencing VIII–IX (severe to violent) could have been issued a warning with 10 and 5 s, respectively, before the arrival of the S wave. We also show that loss estimates based on the FinDer line source are more accurate compared to point-source models. For the Wenchuan earthquake, for example, they predict a four to six times larger number of fatalities and injured, which is consistent with official reports. These losses could be provided 1/2∼3  hr faster than if they were based on more complex inversion rupture models.
Reliability and Validity of OSCE for Assessment of BSW Competency: Lessons Learned
Authors: Rawlings Mary A. , Johnson Barbara J.
Published: January 2020

Objective structured clinical exams (OSCE) provide opportunity for holistic assessment of social work competency. Using OSCE methodology, the reliability and validity of the OSCE for Social Work: Practice Performance Rating Scale is examined for use in assessing BSW foundation-level direct practice competency using five separate cohorts of BSW students under varying conditions. Findings support good internal consistency. Interrater reliability and concurrent validity are partially supported. The use of OSCE with BSW students is promising when well designed and implemented. OSCE offers a measure in a simulated setting that is direct and multidimensional for evaluation of student competency and assessment of program outcomes. Recommendations for implementation based on lessons learned through multiple testing iterations are provided.
Implementing Observations in BSW Social Work Field Placements
Authors: Dill Katharine , Hanssen Daria
Published: January 2020

The 2015 Council on Social Work Education Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards require assessments of students' competence to involve observation in real or simulated practice situations. This educational case study provides the reader with real-world strategies for making observation of practice a reality in everyday bachelor of social work (BSW) field educational placements. The case study provides a blueprint for infusing an observational culture of learning, beginning in the freshman year and ending in earnest in the senior year of the BSW program. Specific implementation strategies are provided, allowing the reader to replicate this model in any BSW program, large or small.
The Influence of Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) and Travel Motivation toward the Interest in Visiting Lombok, Gender as a Mediator
Authors: Auliya Zakky Fahma , Auliya Zakky Fahma , Pertiwi Imanda Firmantyas Putri
Published: January 2020

The background of this research is the decreased number of tourists, either domestic or foreign tourists, visiting Lombok, in which Lombok is a halal tourism destination in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the influence of electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) and travel motivation toward the interest in visiting Lombok with gender as the mediator, using a purpose-sampling technique on its sample collection. The respondents of this research are university students in Surakarta. The number of questionnaires spread by the researcher is 316 samples and the samples that can be used are 264. This research uses the analysis tool of SPSS 22 with a scale of 1-5. The result shows that e-WOM and travel motivation influence the interest in visiting Lombok, while the influence with gender as the mediator shows that males have a bigger influence toward the use of e-WOM and travel motivation toward the interest of visiting Lombok
Deradikalisasi Agama Melalui Kegiatan Keagamaan di Masjid Kampus Ulul Azmi UNAIR Surabaya
Authors: Hidayatulloh Muhammad Syarif , Nurhidayati Fitri
Published: January 2020

Various studies on radicalism in Non-Religion Higher Education show thatthe institutions are not sterile from this movement. If it is left, in the next few years, it will cause disintegration of the nation. Besides for worship, the campus mosque is the most effective means of spreading radicalism throughstructured studies among students. This study examines the efforts of the Ulul‘Azmi campus mosque of C Airlangga University in Surabaya to counteractradicalism among students. This study is a qualitative research with thedescriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the efforts for thecaretaker of the Ulul ‘Azmi mosque Airlangga University are by strengtheningmoderate Islamic ideology and nationalist insights and imposing strictpermits on study groups conducted by external organizations. The studymaterial is also determined by the mosque management with moderate andtolerant principles. This study is expected to be able to provide solutions forthe development of understanding of religious radicalism in universities through campus mosques
ASESMEN DINAMIS: IMPLEMENTASI TEKNIK ASESMEN DINAMIS BERBASIS PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK HALUS DI KELOMPOK BERMAIN AISYIYAH MUTIARA UMMI KALASAN, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Hayati Firdha , Asiah Asiah , Maulida Maulida
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis research is motivated by a child who experiences the development of fine motor skills that are different from other children, so the teacher starts implement a dynamic assessment strategy. The purpose of this study is to describe how the teacher implements a dynamic assessment strategy based on fine motor development in children in KB Mutiara Ummi Kalasan. The research method used in this study uses interview techniques and documentation studies. Then the data were analyzed using Miles & Huberman analysis. The results show that the form of research used by the teacher concerned for children with the initials AA is the form of an observation checklist and portfolio worksheets. Children who have the initials AA have experienced fine motor development gradually, and the level of development of children is in the stage of developing (MB).Keywords: dynamic assessment, development, fine motor skills AbstrakPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh seorang anak yang mengalami perkembangan kemampuan motorik halus yang berbeda dengan anak lainnya, sehingga guru mulai mengimplementasikan strategi asesmen dinamis. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana guru mengimplementasikan strategi asesmen dinamis berbasis perkembangan motorik halus pada anak di KB Mutiara Ummi Kalasan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan analisis Miles & Huberman. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa bentuk penelitian yang digunakan oleh guru yang bersangkutan untuk anak yang berinisial AA ialah bentuk penilaian observasi checklist dan lembar kerja portofolio. Anak yang berinisial AA telah mengalami perkembangan motorik halus secara bertahap, dan tingkat perkembangan anak berada pada tahap mulai berkembang (MB).Kata Kunci: asesmen dinamis, perkembangan, motorik halus.
Sinonasal sarcoidosis: a case report
Authors: ERDOĞAN DÜZCÜ Selma , KÖYBAŞI ŞANAL Serap
Published: January 2020

Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic
and multisystemic chronic disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas.
Sinonasal sarcoidosis may be seen in an isolated form or related to a
multisystemic disease. A 48-year-old female patient visited the otolaryngology
department with complaints of headache and nasal obstruction for two years. The
physical examination revealed a saddling on the nose, and crusted fragile
mucosa was observed bilaterally in nasal endoscopy. Paranasal CT showed
invasion of the right orbita. In chest
X-ray, there was bilateral hilar enlargement, and lung biopsy revealed
non-caseating granulomas. A bilateral endoscopic sinus surgery was applied to
the patient. Upon histopathological demonstration of multiple non-caseating
granulomas in the specimen, the diagnosis of sinonasal sarcoidosis was made.
The patient responded well to the following steroid treatment. Although rare,
sarcoidosis should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of sinonasal
diseases.
Integrating Oral Health Screening Into Primary Care to Promote Dental Referrals in Maryland
Authors: Scherr Susan , Idzik Shannon , Williams David
Published: January 2020

Background

Vulnerable populations are more likely to present to non-dental healthcare locations with dental issues. Oral health screening in those settings, such as primary care, is an effective way to identify individuals with unmet oral health needs and facilitate dental referrals.

Objective

To implement and evaluate the integration of oral health screening at an outpatient transitional primary care clinic in Maryland.

Methods

The quality improvement project occurred over 12 weeks. The project leader obtained support from institutional stakeholders, collaborated with dentistry, provided evidence-based resources, and developed referral strategies. Patients received a pre-screen at registration. Primary care providers used an oral health assessment tool (OHAT) for further screening and/or gave a dental referral.

Results

Approximately 108 patients completed pre-screen: 73% had not seen dentist in the past 12 months; 12% had current oral problem or pain; 53% had no established dentist; <5% had a completed OHAT; 20% referred to existing dentist; 56% received dental resource listing.

Conclusions

Oral health disparity continues to exist among vulnerable populations.

Implications for Nursing

Oral screening by advanced practice nurses is an effective way to identify patients with unmet oral health needs and to promote dental referral.
Analysis of Secondary Metabolites of Shoot, Callus Culture and Field Plant of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat
Authors: Setiawati Tia , Ayalla Alma , Nurzaman Mohamad , Kusumaningtyas Valentina A. , Bari Ichsan
Published: January 2020

The chrysanthemum plant (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) contains many secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and various volatile compounds that can be utilized as drugs. Tissue culture can be an alternative to enhance the production of certain secondary metabolite. The study aimed to determine the types of secondary metabolites that contained in shoot culture, callus and field plants of C. morifolium. The research method was exploration in the laboratory to analyze and compare the content of secondary metabolite from shoot culture, callus and field plants of C. morifolium. Callus was induced by explants of C. morifolium plantlet stems and leaves respectively on MS medium with an addition of 3 ppm 2,4-D + 2 ppm kinetin and 4 ppm 2,4-D. For shoot culture, single nodule explants with one leaf were planted on MS media with the addition of 1 ppm BAP. The secondary metabolite compouds were analized and identified by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). The results showed that various types of secondary metabolites contained in shoot culture, callus and field plants of C. morifolium. In callus culture from leaf explants, four compounds from groups of alcohol, acetic acid and organosilicon were identified, whereas in callus culture from stem explants were identified eight compounds from aldehydes, esters, alkanes, and carboxylic acids group. In the shoot culture, nine compounds of alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, cycloalkane and organosilicon group were identified, while in the field plants five compounds were identified from the cycloalkanes, ketones, organoborones and organosilicon group. Some detected compounds have a potential as precursors of alkaloid, phenolic, and flavonoid.Keywords: chrysanthemum, culture, shoots, callus, secondary metabolites.
The Polymorphic Gene of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of Phytoene Synthase (PSY) to Characterize Carotenoids Yellow Root Cassava
Authors: Kurniawati Siti , Hartati N. Sri , Hartati Hartati , Sudarmonowati Enny
Published: January 2020

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) is a carbohydrate sources containing a limited amount of micronutrients, but some genotypes contain β-carotene as the precursor of vitamin A in the storage roots and leaves. Improvement of β-caroteneand minerals such as Fe / Zn content of cassava’s nutrition is mostly through by biofortification program. The storage root of β-carotene recognized by a yellow or yellowish color while the apical shoots with red to purplish. β-carotenein carotenoid biosynthetic pathway is an expression of the phytoene synthase (PSY) gene. The MePSY2 gene, one of the three MePSY family is the key gene to characterize carotenoids related gene in cassava. In this study, sequencing of the two cassava fulllenght PSY genomic DNA was carried out in conserved areas in the PSY gene region (PSY1 and PSY2) from the DNA of the cassava leaves. Adira1, Carvita25 and Ubi Kuning are yellow root storage genotypes (K1, K2 and K3) while Adira4 and Menti are white root storage genotypes (P1 and P2). Carvita25 is induced somaclonal variant of the Adira4 genotype. Contiq and consensus of nucleotide base sequences from the five cassava genotypes and CM3306-4 cultivars (acc GU111715.1) as references were analysed using the lasergene DNASTAR sequence analysis program. The results of the alignment of the base sequence constituent of the MePSY2 gene showed that the PSY2 gene with amplified genome length was 2,380 base pairs (bp) consisting of 1,140 bp exon region and 1,240 bp intron region. In the conserved coding region, there was a difference of one nucleotide base, that is, base C in two white tuber cassava genotypes replaced with A in three yellow tuber cassava genotypes in the 1.485 base (C1.485A). The SNP converts the amino acid (aa) alanine (A) to aspartic acid (D) at the 191th (A191D). Single Nucleotide polymorphism in conserved coding region can be used further as carotenoid marker for plant breeding of yellow root cassava. Keywords: β carotene, PSY gene, polymorphic gene SNP, yellow root cassava.
The Philosophy and Methodology of Islam-Science Integration: Unravelling the Transformation of Indonesian Islamic Higher Institutions
Authors: Khozin Khozin , Umiarso Umiarso
Published: January 2020

The transformation of Islamic higher education into State Islamic University (Universities Islam Negeri/UIN) necessitates the changing of scientific thoughts. Before this transformation, Islamic higher education 's core business is commonly concerned with the teaching of Islamic sciences, while UIN includes the instruction of general sciences, e.g., natural and social Sciences. In fact, the two (Islamic and natural-social science) should be integrated into the Islamic high education to establish a new integrated scientific paradigm. This study focuses mainly on the philosophy and the integration of science and Islamic methodologies in Indonesia. Based on the phenomenological qualitative approach, the current study critically examines Islam and science integration. Grounded on the study of three UINs, the article shows a novel paradigm that enables the integration of science and religion in those universities. Each university offers a specific character of the integration. UIN of Malang, for example, initiates the integration which is reflected in “tree of science”. UIN of Yogyakarta offers the metaphor of “spider web” for its interconnected and integrated Islam and science project while UIN of Surabaya proposes multidisciplinary-integration with the metaphor of integrated twin towers.
Integrasi Pasar dan Pembentukan Harga Cabai Merah di Indonesia
Authors: Kustiari Reni , Sejati Wahyuning Kusuma , Yulmahera Riva
Published: January 2020

English
Red chili is one of the essential horticultural commodities because it is the main cooking spice for the Indonesian people. This paper discusses the integration of the red chili market in Indonesia using monthly price data for the period 2011-2016. Market integration is analyzed using Johansen cointegration models. The Engle-Granger (EG) causality test results show that producer prices and wholesale prices affect consumer prices, there is a one-way causal relationship. Therefore, the causality approach accepts the Law of One Price (LOP) hypothesis of red chili price. The results of the co-integration model show that the market for red chili is well integrated. Furthermore, variance decomposition analysis shows that Medan is the market leader for chili in Indonesia.

Indonesian
Cabai merah adalah salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang penting karena merupakan bumbu masak utama bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Makalah ini membahas integrasi pasar cabai merah di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data harga bulanan periode 2011-2016. Integrasi pasar dianalisis dengan menggunakan Johansen kointegrasi model. Hasil uji kausalitas Engle-Granger (EG) menunjukkan bahwa harga produsen dan harga grosir  mempengaruhi harga konsumen, ada hubungan kausal satu cara. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan kausalitas menerima hipotesis Hukum Satu Harga (LOP) komoditas cabai merah. Hasil dari model co-integration menunjukkan bahwa pasar cabai merah terintegrasi dengan baik. Selanjutnya, analisis variance decomposition menunjukkan bahwa Medan adalah pasar acuan (price leader) untuk harga cabai di indonesia.
Unbiased prediction modeling for discovery research in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Kartoun Uri , Aggarwal Rahul , Perer Adam , Park Yoonyoung , Zhang Ping , Luo Heng , Dey Sanjoy , Corey Kathleen , Ng Kenney
Published: January 2020

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent yet underdiagnosed and under-discussed disease. Given that NAFLD has not been explored sufficiently compared with other diseases, opportunities abound for scientists to discover new biomarkers (such as laboratory observations, current comorbidities, and behavioral descriptors) that can be linked to the development of conditions and complications that may develop at a later stage of the patient’s life.Methods: We analyzed IBM Explorys, a repository that contains electronic medical records (EMRs) of more than 60 million individuals. We used a classification algorithm that members of our group have previously validated to identify patients at a high probability for NAFLD. The algorithm identified more than 80,000 patients with a high probability for NAFLD who had at least 5 years of follow-up. We followed an unbiased approach for prediction modeling and applied standard statistical methods (such as logistic regression and bootstrapping) as well as Clinical Classifications Software (CCS) definitions to identify associations between a variety of covariates and disease outcomes.Results: Our methodology identified several thousand strongly statistically significant associations between covariates and outcomes in NAFLD. Most of the associations are known, but others may be new and require further investigation in subsequent studies.Conclusions: A discovery mechanism composed of standard statistical methods and applied on a large collection of EMRs confirmed known associations and identified potentially new associations that can act as biomarkers that might merit further research.
ATLANTIS: An adaptive multi-arm phase II trial of maintenance targeted therapy after chemotherapy in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer
Authors: Fulton Ben , Jones Robert , Powles Thomas , Crabb Simon , Paul James , Birtle Alison , Chowdhury Simon , Hussain Syed , Morris Anna , Soulis Eileen , Morrison Paula
Published: January 2020

Background Metastatic urothelial cancer (UC) is the eighth most common cause of cancer death in the UK. Standard first-line treatment, for most patients, is cytotoxic chemotherapy. Although UC is initially sensitive to chemotherapy, relapse is almost inevitable after which outcomes are poor, with median overall survival 8 months. There is, therefore, an urgent need for novel therapies to improve outcomes for this patient group. Methods ATLANTIS is a randomised phase II, adaptive design trial of maintenance therapy in biomarker defined subgroups of patients with advanced UC. The primary end-point is progression-free survival (PFS) and the study involves over 30 UK cancer centres. Discussion ATLANTIS is the first study in the UK to employ a precision medicine approach to UC patients for maintenance treatment. Agents with positive efficacy signal will proceed to randomised phase III trials to confirm activity of novel biologically stratified therapies in UC.
Altered staining patterns and expression level of Engrailed-2 in Benign prostatic hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer predict Prostatic disease progression
Authors: Li Qi , Shi Yibo , Sa Rigai , Hao Jun , Hu Jinhao , Xiao Mulun , Wang Chaoliang , Yan Liang , Qiao Baoping , Chen Guoxun
Published: January 2020

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) as a kind of malignant tumor, causes the most death of cancer among males. Successful curing of PC greatly relies on its diagnose in the early stage. Engrailed-2 (EN2), which has been confirmed being existed in the high level in the urine of PC patients. In this study, we determine if there were differences in the staining patterns and expression level of EN2 in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and PC.Methods: Immunohistochemical and RT-PCR analysis of the expression of EN2 was conducted in 25 PC and 25 BPH cases. EN2 monoclonal antibody against EN2 helix 3 was developed and its specificity was identified. The subcellular localization of endogenic and exogenous EN2 in three PC cell lines (LNCap, PC3, and DU145) was detected by immunofluorescence. Correlation among clinical indicators and EN2 immunohistochemical scores of these 25 PC and 25 BPH cases were analyzed and two representative PC cases with different EN2 expression were used to vividly illustrate the correlation between EN2 expression and PC clinical stage. Results: The results of western-blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence showed homemade EN2 monoclonal antibody could specifically bind endogenic and ectogenic EN2 protein in three different PC cell lines. Results of immunofluorescence showed the endogenic EN2 was generally expressed in the cytoplasm and ectogenic EN2 has mostly existed in the nucleus of three PC cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining of EN2 in PC was extremely higher than in BPH confirmed by RT-PCR. The staining areas were mostly nucleus and cytoplasm in BPH tissues but cytomembrane in PC tissues. The expression level of EN2 was positively correlated with the PC clinical stage. Conclusion: The EN2 monoclonal antibody we made could be used in immunohistochemistry to display the expression pattern of EN2 in BPH and PC. The staining patterns and expression level of EN2 in BPH and PC are different.
Spectrophotometric Analysis Evaluating Apical Microleakage in Retrograde Filling using GIC, MTA and Biodentine: An in-vitro study
Authors: Nepal Manisha , Shubham Snigdha , Tripathi Rupam , Khadka Jwolan , Kunwar Deepa , Gautam Vanita , Gautam Narayan
Published: January 2020

Background The present study compares the apical microleakage of three different root-end filling materials in which the retrograde cavity is prepared by two different burs. Methods Eighty extracted single rooted maxillary and mandibular premolars were taken. Root canal treatment was completed. Apical 3 mm of all the teeth were resected with diamond disk. The tooth were divided into four groups with two subgroups for each group containing 10 tooth (N= 10) as: Group IA (Negative Control and IB (Positive Control); Group IIA and IIB: Prepared with round carbide bur and round diamond bur respectively, filled with GIC; Group IIIA and IIIB: Prepared with round carbide bur and round diamond bur respectively, filled with MTA; Group IVA and IVB: Prepared with round carbide bur and round diamond bur, filled with Biodentine. After applying two coats of nail varnish leaving apical 3 mm (except for negative control group) all teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 3 days and again in 65% nitric acid for next 3 days for extraction of dye. The obtained solution was then transferred to eppendorf tube and centrifuged in microcentrifuges at 14,000 revolution per minutes (RPM) for 5 minutes. Optical density or absorbance of the supernatant solution was measured with UV spectrophotometer at 550 nm. Results The absorbance of the supernatant solution after dye extraction is decreasing in the order of positive control> GIC> MTA> Biodentine> negative control group. The significant difference was observed between GIC and MTA (p=0.0001) and GIC and Biodentine (p=0.0001) with two different burs but statistically non-significant difference was observed between MTA and Biodentine with Carbide bur (p=0.127) and Diamond bur (p=0.496) respectively. Conclusions Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that Biodentine and MTA showed less microleakage as compared to GIC. There is no significant difference between mean microleakage of MTA and Biodentine. However, the mean OD of the Biodentine was least of all evaluated materials. Preparation of the root-end using round carbide bur as well as round diamond burs showed comparable microleakage for all three filling materials.
Transcriptomic profiling and discovery of key genes involved in adventitious root formation from green cuttings of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)
Authors: An Haishan , Zhang Jiaying , Xu Fangjie , Jiang Shuang , Zhang Xueying
Published: January 2020

Background: Propagation of cuttings was mostly used in various plant species including blueberry, the special root characteristics of blueberry usually resulted in a difficulty in adventitious root (AR) formation. The AR formation was influenced by various factors, of which auxin was considered to play a center role, however little is known of the related regulative mechanisms. In this study, a comparative transcriptome analysis using RNA_seq of green cuttings treated with or without IBA was performed to identify candidate genes associated with IBA-induced AR formation. Results: Rooting phenotypes, especially rooting rate, was significantly promoted by exogenous auxin IBA application. Blueberry AR formation was a auxin-induced process, during which the adventitious root primordium initiation (rpi) began to be formed at 14 day after cutting (DAC), developed into root primordium (rp) at 21 DAC, then further developed to mature AR at 28 DAC and finally outgrowth from stem at 35 DAC. Higher IAA level and lower content of ABA and zeatin might facilitate the AR formation and development. A time series transcriptome analysis indentified 14970 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during AR formation, of which there were 7467 up-regulated and 7503 down-regulated genes, respectively. Of these, about 35 candidate DEGs involved in auxin-induced pathway and AR formation were further identified, including 10 auxin respective genes ARFs and SAURs, 13 transcription factors LOB domain-containing protein (LBDs), 6 auxin transporter AUX22, LAX3/5 and PIN-like 6s (PIL6s) and 6 rooting-associated genes root meristem growth factor 9 (RGF9), lateral root primordium 1 (LRP1s), dormancy-associated protein homolog 3 (DRMH3). All these identified DEGs were highly up-regulated in certain stage during AR formation, indicating their potential roles in blueberry AR formation. Conclusions: The transcriptome profiling indicated candidate genes or major regulative factors that influence adventitious root formation in blueberry, and provided a comprehensive understanding of rooting mechanism of the auxin-induced AR formation from blueberry green cuttings.
Factors affecting the implementation of a whole school mindfulness program: A qualitative study using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research
Authors: Hudson Kristian , Lawton Rebecca , Hugh-Jones Siobhan
Published: January 2020

Background Preventing the onset of poor mental health in adolescence is an international public health priority. Universal, whole school preventative approaches are valued for their reach, and anti-stigmatising and resilience building principles. Mindfulness approaches to well-being have the potential to be effective when delivered as a whole school approach for both young people and staff. However, despite growing demand, there is little understanding of possible and optimal ways to implement a mindfulness, whole school approach (M-WSA) to well-being. This study aimed to identify the determinants of early implementation success of a M-WSA. We tested the capacity of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), to capture the determinants of the implementation of a mental health intervention in a school setting. Methods Key members of school staff (n=15) from five UK secondary schools attempting to implement a M-WSA were interviewed at two-time points, six months apart, generating a total of 30 interviews. Interviews explored participants’ attitudes, beliefs and experiences around implementing a M-WSA. Interview data were coded as CFIR constructs or other (non CFIR) factors affecting implementation. We also mapped school-reported implementation activity and perceived success over 30 months. Results The CFIR captured the implementation activities and challenges well, with 74% of CFIR constructs identifiable in the dataset. Of the 38 CFIR constructs, 11 appeared to distinguish between high and low implementation schools. The most essential construct was school leadership. It strongly distinguished between high and low implementation schools and appeared inter-related with many other distinguishing constructs. Other strongly distinguishing constructs included relative priority, networks and communications, formally appointed implementation leaders, knowledge and beliefs about the intervention, and executing. Conclusions The CFIR appears useful for assessing the implementation of mental health programs in UK secondary schools. Our findings suggest key implementation constructs that schools, commissioners and policy makers should focus on to promote successful early implementation of mental health programs. School leadership is a key construct to target at the outset.
Two-by-two factorial randomised study within a trial to evaluate strategies for follow-up in a randomised prevention trial
Authors: Bradshaw Lucy , Montgomery Alan A , Williams Hywel , Chalmers Joanne , Haines Rachel
Published: January 2020

Background Failure to collect outcome data in randomised trials can result in bias and loss of statistical power. Further evaluations of strategies to increase retention are required. We assessed the effectiveness of two strategies for retention in a randomised prevention trial using a two-by-two factorial randomised study within a trial (SWAT). Methods Parents of babies included in the host trial were randomised to (1) Short message service (SMS) notification prior to sending questionnaires at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months versus no SMS notification and (2) £10 voucher sent with the invitation letter for the primary follow up visit at 24 months or given at the visit. The two co-primary outcomes were collection of host trial (1) questionnaire data at interim follow-up times and (2) primary outcome at 24 months during a home/clinic visit with a research nurse. Results Between November 2014 and November 2016, 1394 participants were randomised: 350 to no SMS + voucher at visit, 345 to SMS + voucher at visit, 352 to no SMS + voucher before visit and 347 to SMS + voucher before visit. Overall 75% of questionnaires were completed in both the group allocated to the prior SMS notification and the group allocated to no SMS notification (odds ratio (OR) SMS v. none 1.02, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.25). Host trial primary outcome data was collected at a visit for 557 (80%) allocated to the voucher before the visit in the invitation letter and for 566 (81%) whose parents were allocated to receive the voucher at the visit (OR before v. at visit 0.89, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.17). Conclusion There was no evidence of a difference in retention according to SMS notification or voucher timing. Future synthesis of SWAT results is required to be able to detect small but important incremental effects of retention strategies. Trial registration: Host trial registration: ISRCTN registry; ID: ISRCTN21528841. Registered on 25 July 2014. SWAT Repository Store ID 25
Transcriptomics of Type 2 Diabetic and Healthy Human Neutrophils
Authors: Kleinstein Sarah E , McCorrison Jamison , Ahmed Alaa , Hasturk Hatice , Dyke Thomas E. Van , Freire Marcelo
Published: January 2020

Objectives: Chronic inflammatory diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease, are heterogeneous and often co-morbid, with increasing global prevalence. Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D) can result in severe inflammatory complications. As neutrophils are essential to inflammation, we conducted RNA-seq transcriptomic analyses to investigate the association between neutrophil gene expression and T2D phenotype. Further, as specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, including resolvin E1 (RvE1), can actively resolve inflammation, we further surveyed the impact of RvE1 on isolated neutrophils.Methods: Cell isolation and RNA-seq analysis of neutrophils from N=11 T2D and N=7 healthy individuals with available clinical data was conducted. Additionally, cultured neutrophils (N=3 T2D, N=3 healthy) were perturbed with increasing RvE1 doses (0nM, 1nM, 10nM, or 100nM) prior to RNA-seq. Data was evaluated through a bioinformatics pipeline including pathway analysis and post hoc false-discovery rate (FDR)-correction. Results: We observed significant differential expression of 50 genes between T2D and healthy neutrophils (p<0.05), including decreased T2D gene expression in inflammatory- and lipid-related genes SLC9A4, NECTIN2 and PLPP3 (p<0.003). RvE1 treatment induced dose-dependent differential gene expression (uncorrected p<0.05) across groups, including 59 healthy and 216 T2D neutrophil genes. Comparing T2D to healthy neutrophils, 1097 genes were differentially expressed across RvE1 doses, including two significant genes, LILRB5 and AKR1C1, involved in inflammation (p<0.05). Conclusions: Inflammatory- and lipid-related genes were differentially expressed between T2D and healthy neutrophils, and RvE1 dose-dependently modified gene expression in both groups. Unraveling the mechanisms regulating abnormalities in diabetic neutrophil responses could lead to better diagnostics and therapeutics targeting inflammation and inflammation resolution.
Can programmatic inputs improve adolescent mothers’ access to care in rural Bangladesh? Nine-years of evidence from a cohort study
Authors: Rahman Aminur , Begum Tahmina , Austin Anne , Hasan Md. , Alam Nurul , Anwar Iqbal , Taneepanichskul Surasak
Published: January 2020

Background Adolescent mothers (Girls aged 15-19) constitute 8% of annual global births, but account for 10% of annual maternal deaths. WHO recommended 4-8 Antenatal Care (ANC) visits, in addition to quality care and facility-based deliveries, are well-documented interventions to reduce maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Determinants of maternal and child health care in Bangladesh have received considerable attention, but less attention has been focused on adolescent mothers. This study explores the factors associated with 4 or more (4+) ANC visits and facility-based delivery among adolescent mothers in one rural area of Bangladesh, Methods This study uses Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) data. We conducted a comparative study on trends in 4+ ANC visits and facility-based deliveries among adolescent mothers (10-19 years) residing in an intervention area (icddr,b service area, ISA) against a comparison area (government service areas, GSA) of HDSS between 2007 and 2015. 4,996 adolescent mothers were included in the final analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to document the statistical difference on outcome indicators in the two study areas. Results Trends in 4+ANC visits and facility-based deliveries were higher in the ISA relative to the GSA. The adjusted odds of an adolescent mother accessing 4+ ANC visits in the GSA, relative to ISA was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.49 – 0.66, p-value <0.05); the adjusted odds of an adolescent mother accessing facility-based delivery in the ISA, relative to GSA was 6.63 (95% CI: 5.85 – 7.52, p-value <0.05). Increasing numbers of ANC visits were associated with increases in facility-based births in both the ISA and GSA. Conclusion This study documented that both 4+ ANC visits and facility delivery rates among adolescent mothers are much higher in the ISA than GSA. Increasing 4+ ANC visits and facility deliveries over the years, particularly in the ISA, coincide with programmatic efforts to improve the quality and availability of maternal and newborn health services. Learning from existing interventions in ISA and applying them to other areas will strengthen Bangladesh’s efforts to improve maternal and newborn health outcomes and achieve the sustainable development goal 3 (SDG 3).