bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la distribución espacial y temporal de los virus del Dengue (2006-2017), Zika (2015- 2017) y Chikungunya (2014-2017) en Colombia
Authors: Triana-Vidal Luz Elena , Morales-García Mónica Andrea , Arango-Cárdenas Maria Janeth , Badiel-Ocampo Marisol , Cuartas Daniel Elías
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: describir la distribución espacial y temporal de los virus del dengue, zika y Chikungunya en Colombia e identificar si existe agregación espacial, temporal y espacio-temporal. Métodos: se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo de la distribución espacial y temporal de los virus del Dengue (2006-2017), Zika (2015-2017) y Chikungunya (2014-2017) en Colombia, utilizando los principios de la estadística espacial, específicamente en el análisis exploratorio de datos espaciales.Resultados: se identificaron zonas de Colombia donde se presenta una mayor densidad y prevalencia de casos. A partir de los 1124 municipios analizados para cada evento (casos de Dengue, Zika y Chikungunya), se comprobó con significancia estadística (p<0.05) la existencia de dos conglomerados espacio-temporales, en la zona sur-occidental de la región andina y en la región de la Orinoquia.Conclusiones: Se demostró la existencia de dos conglomerados para los eventos Dengue, Zika y Chikungunya que podría establecerse como zonas de mayor riesgo de co-infección.
Propargite (Akarisit)’nin Sublethal Dozlarının Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758’da Biyokimyasal Kan Parametrelerine Etkisi
Authors: Tulgar Arınç , Çelik Ekrem Şanver
Published: September 2019

Bu araştırmada organosülfürlü bir pestisit olan propargite çalışılmış ve bu pestisitin sazan balıklarının (Cyprinus carpio) biyokimyasal kan parametreleri üzerine olan etkisine bakılmıştır. Bu parametreler serumda glikoz (GLU), toplam protein (TP), albümin (ALB), globulin (GLOB), laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH), alkalen fosfataz (ALP), kreatin kinaz (CK), glutamik pirüvik transaminaz (GPT), glutamik oksaloasetik transaminaz (GOT), kalsiyum (Ca), magnezyum (Mg), fosfor (P), demir (Fe), klor (Cl), trigliserit (TG), düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL), yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein (HDL) ve kolesterol (CHOL) şeklindedir. Bu değerlerin ölçümü için balıklar kontrol (Sadece dinlendirilmiş çeşme suyu), düşük (0,04125 mg L-1), orta (0,0825 mg L-1) ve yüksek (0,165 mg L-1) doz propargite konsantrasyonlarına 14 gün süre ile maruz bırakılmışlardır. Deneme 3 tekerrürlü gerçekleştirilirken, örnek balıklar denemenin 0,7 ve 14. günlerinde alınmışlardır.
Landscape sociology as developing academic discipline
Authors: Markova Madara
Published: September 2019

The common tendency in higher education is specialisation. Landscape has been subject of interest in sociology from its beginnings, and social aspects are one of mane characteristic parts of landscape. Even more – sociology is strong theoretical basis of landscape architecture. The research is made with aim to understand theoretical basis of landscape sociology as developing academic discipline. Methodology used in research is systematic literature review, which provides range of tools to identify connections in theory. Literature review was done to define landscape sociology as important academic discipline in higher education of landscape architecture. Landscape and sociology as academic disciplines have long history, but landscape sociology as separate discipline is still developing. It is important include landscape sociology in landscape architecture higher education.
Ammonium ion removal from aqueous solutions using fly ash derived zeolites by alkaline fusion
Authors: Drljaca Dijana , Maletic Snezana , Dalmacija Bozo
Published: September 2019

In this study, fly ash (FA) with different chemical compositions was
converted into zeolites by a fusion method, as confirmed by
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FA was obtained from three
different thermal power plants in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Ugljevik, Stanari
and Gacko. In the FA spectrum, a quite wide absorption band was observed at
1097 cm-1, while in those of the synthesized zeolites, this absorption band
is narrowed and elongated and displaced toward 972 cm-1. These
characteristic bands can be attributed to substitution of Si4+ with Al3+ in
the tetrahedron, during the formation of alumosilicate and their interaction
with Na+ ions. Chemical analysis has shown that the dominant component was
SiO2 in the FA Ugljevik (UF) and FA Stanari (SF) with mass fractions of -
36.43 and 48.18 %, respectively and CaO in the FA Gacko (GF) with the mass
fraction of 65.89 %. In studies of ammonium ion adsorption equilibrium was
achieved after 24 h in zeolites of UF and SF, while for the GF sample it was
necessary 48 h to reach the equilibrium. Kinetic studies of have shown that
the adsorption process on all zeolites followed the Elovich model with high
values of the coefficient of determination. The largest amounts of adsorbed
ammonium ions were measured at the pH 8 amounting to 5.98, 6.54 and 4.23 mg
NH?+/g zeolite for UF, SF and GF, respectively. Examination of adsorption
isotherms have shown the better agreement of the obtained results with the
Langmuir model for the SF zeolite sample, and the Tempkin model for the UF
and GF zeolite samples. Regenerated zeolites have shown similar adsorption
capacities for ammonium ions (for UFr 10.3 mg/g; for SF 12.0 mg/g; for GFr
7.8 mg/g) as initial zeolites (for UF 12.2 mg/g; for SF 12.1 mg/g; for GF
14.3 mg/g). Examination of adsorption isotherms of regenerated samples has
also shown the best agreement with the Langmuir model for all regenerated
samples. The obtained similar and even higher removal percentages of
ammonium ions from a real sample of wastewater by using regenerated zeolites
(for UFr 60.7 %; for SFr 55.2%; and for GFr 30.7 %) as compared to the
initial ones (for UF 45.1 %; for SF 60.6%; for GF 26.0 %) show potentials of
the synthesized zeolites from fly ash for ammonium ion removal from
wastewaters.
Silkworm (Bombyx mori) cocoon vs. wild cocoon multi-layer structure and performance characterization
Authors: Liu Fu-Juan , Zhang Xi-Jia , Li Xin
Published: September 2019

As protective shells for their biological functions against environmental
damage and attack by natural predators, the silkworm (Bombyx mori) cocoon
and its wild partner have distinctive multi-layer structures, which are
systematically studied in this paper by the SEM, the thermogravimetric
analyzer, and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Their mechanical
properties are also investigated for the whole hierarchy and each cascade as
well. In order to better demonstrate the superior survivability of cocoons
in harsh environments, air permeability and moisture vapor transmission rate
of the silkworm cocoon are tested. The results show the silkworm cocoons
have excellent air permeability and moisture vapor transmission rate. A
better understanding of different cocoons? bio-functions will be of
particular importance to design thermal textiles and provide better comfort
and safety for clothing in future.
Simulation of spray droplets over the ocean surface
Authors: Xu Dan , Wan Zhanhong , Li Luping , Lu Xiuyang , Chen Jiawang , Li Bingru
Published: September 2019

Spray droplets, ejected from the ocean surface, are known to transport in the
marine atmospheric boundary-layer, in which they exchange momentum and heat
with the atmosphere. This paper gives a numerical approach to description of
sea spray drops. Large eddy simulation is used to perform the air-flow over
the sea surface while simultaneously tracking the trajectories of Lagrangian
point-particle elements designed to represent spray particles in air, the
particle mo-mentum relaxation time, the suspension time, the velocity of
particles in different radii and different wind speeds are discussed. This
simplified model shows that the contribution of droplet particles to the
air-sea momentum transport cannot be ignored. The spray droplets suspended
over the sea surface are once formed, they will accelerate to the local wind
speed in less than 1 second, and thereby the drops can extract momentum from
the wind, reduce sea surface wind speed and eventually plunge back into the
ocean. The averaged particle concentration is balanced by an equivalent
production of new particles.
Local thermal discomfort in low temperature environments
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Chen Minzhou , Chen Zefeng
Published: September 2019

Human local parts have different thermal responses to low temperature
environment. The objective of this paper is to find out the most sensitive
parts which are extremely discomforting in low temperature environments.
Based on previous experimental data, the relationship among skin
temperature, air temperature, and clothing insulation was fitted, and the
neutral skin temperatures were obtained. The local skin temperatures at
different parts of the human body were compared with neutral skin
temperatures in different air temperatures and clothes. The results showed
that the local parts of foot, hand, upper arm, and calf deviated far from
the neutral condition and were selected as the principal parts to be warmed.
The findings are significant to improve human local thermal discomfort.
Symmetry reduction a promising method for heat conduction equations
Authors: Tian Yi
Published: September 2019

Though there are many approximate methods, e. g., the variational iteration
method and the homotopy perturbation, for non-linear heat conduction
equations, exact solutions are needed in optimizing the heat problems. Here
we show that the Lie symmetry and the similarity reduction provide a
powerful mathematical tool to searching for the needed exact solutions. Lie
algorithm is used to obtain the symmetry of the heat conduction equations
and wave equations, then the studied equations are reduced by the similarity
reduction method.
Characteristics of a non-circulating transient flow during gas invasion in the underbalanced drilling process
Authors: Wei Na , Meng Ying-Feng , Liu An-Qi , Li Hai-Tao , Jiang Lin , Zheng Li-Jun , Fu Qiang , Lv Xin
Published: September 2019

The wellbore flow in a liquid-based underbalanced drilling process consists
of a steady multiphase flow during normal drilling and a transient
gas-liquid flow without mud-cycling. The theory of steady multiphase flow
has been used to calculate the pressure profile of normal drilling.
Therefore, it is vital to figure out how to calculate the transient pressure
variation caused by formation fluid flow-ing into wellbore when the
mud-cycling is stopped. In this paper, a numerical simulation method and a
mathematic model are established to study the wellbore flow and to control
pressure during the underbalanced drilling process with liquid-based mud.
The results also shed a light on the hidden mechanism of this special flow.
Thermal monitoring and thermal deformation prediction for spherical machine tool spindles
Authors: Fu Cheng-Biao , Tian An-Hong , Yau Her-Terng , Hoang Mao-Chin
Published: September 2019

Machine tool operations and processing can cause temperature changes in
various components because of internal and external thermal effects.
Thermal deformations caused by thermal effect in machine tools can result
in errors in processing size or shape and decrease processing precision.
Thus, this paper focuses on the analysis of heating during machine tool
spindle?s high speed operation, which is the heat source that causes
component and structural deformation. In this paper, thermal monitoring was
used to build a thermal error prediction model. Temperature change around
the spindle was measured with a DS18B20, then multiple regression analysis
was used to establish the relationship between thermal deformation quantity
and temperature fields at specific points. Finally, finite element analysis
was used to build the thermal error model. A solution for the correlation
coefficient was obtained using the least squares method. The result of this
study verified that finite element analysis can predict front bearing and
rear bearing temperature rise, and is consistent with laboratory results.
The error in thermal steady-state deformation prediction was less than 2 ?m.
This information can be used by the controller to effectively compensate the
processing and improve processing precision.
Numerical study of the influence of coal seam mining under reservoir on deep oversize fault deformation
Authors: Zhai Xinxian , Zhai Yanwei , Tu Xingzi , Li Rubo , Huang Guangshuai
Published: September 2019

Ground surface in Yonglong coal mine is hilly terrain. There is a Yinshigou
reservoir on minefield. Deep coal seam mining under the reservoir has an
influence on the deformation of oversize normal fault, and can cause severe
mine water-inrush. Using numerical simulation software UDEC, the paper
studied the characteristics of plastic zone and stress field in front of
coal face in the hanging wall of the fault, while the coal face advance
distances from setting-up room to coal face line were different. The results
showed that while the distance from coal face to the fault i. e. the width
of fault-protected pillar, was 80 m, the front abutment pressure had less
influence on two sides rock mass of the fault, the fault reduced the
vertical stress of its surrounding rocks; The surrounding rocks in the
vicinity of fault were in a same vertical displacement contour, whose
displacement was very smaller. Reasonable fault-protected pillar width of
the numerical study was much closer to the average water-proof coal pillar
width based on coal mines water prevention regulations of China.
Consequently, while the width of fault-protected pillar is more than 80 m,
coal seam mining in hanging wall of fault has no influence on the fault, and
coal seam safely mining under the reservoir could be carried out.
A relaxed non-linear inexact Uzawa algorithm for stokes problem
Authors: Zheng Shao-Qing , Lu Jun-Feng
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we consider a Stokes problem arising in fluid dynamics and
thermal science, which can be transformed to a symmetric saddle point
problem by using the mixed finite element approximation. A relaxed
non-linear inexact Uzawa algorithm is proposed for solving the problem, and
the convergence of this algorithm is also considered. Numerical experiments
are presented to show the efficiency of relaxed non-linear inexact Uzawa
algorithm.
Numerical analysis of flow structure and energy loss in an impeller side chamber of a molten salt pump
Authors: Jin Yong-Xin , Zhang De-Sheng , Zhao Rui-Jie , Shi Lei , Shi Wei-Dong
Published: September 2019

The internal flow structure and the energy loss in the first stage impeller
side chamber of a molten salt pump for solar thermal power generation were
investigated numerically. The flow field in the model pump was simulated
based on the RANS equation using the standard k-? turbulence model. The
results indicate that the rotating speed of core flow in the front impeller
side chamber is higher than the tangential velocity at the maximal radius of
the front shroud. However, the core flow in the rear impeller side chamber
gives an opposite trend. Meanwhile, the radial velocity at the
boundary-layer separation point on the front impeller side chamber
stationary wall decreases initially and then increases with the radius
while it only decreases in the rear impeller side chamber. For the energy
loss, the percentage of the disk friction loss to total energy consumption
reduces as the flow rate increases, while the absolute value of disk
friction loss on the front shroud keeps almost constant and the loss on the
rear shroud decreases with the increasing flow rate.
A fractal derivative model for snow’s thermal insulation property
Authors: Wang Yan , Yao Shao-Wen , Yang Hong-Wei
Published: September 2019

Snow is of porous structure and good thermal insulation property. A fractal
derivative model is established to reveal its thermal property, it is
extremely high thermal-stable, the whole snow will not be affected much by
the sudden environmental temperature change. A simple experiment is carried
out to verify the theoretical finding, and the result is helpful to design
advanced materials mimicking the snow structure.
Smart adhesion by surface treatment experimental and theoretical insights
Authors: Wang Chunxia , Xu Lin , Liu Guoliang , Ren Yu , Lv Jinchun , Gao Dawei , Lu Zhenqian
Published: September 2019

To investigate how plasma treatment affected the surface structure and
adhesion to polypropylene matrix and unsaturated polyester matrix, green
abaca fibers were treated by low temperature plasma under different plasma
processing parameters including treatment time, output power, and working
gas. Abaca fibers were characterized by atomic force microscope, X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle and interfacial shear strength.
The results of contact angle and interfacial shear strength were consistent
with the changes in surface roughness and the atomic ratio of the plasma
treated abaca fibers with treatment time, output power, and working gas. It
was concluded that the surface roughness and atomic ratio played a major
role in the adhesion improvement of the plasma treated abaca fibers to
polypropylene matrix and unsaturated polyester matrix due to the mechanical
interlocking and chemical bonding, respectively. The geometrical potential
theory was adopted to elucidate the mechanism of the adhesion property.
Fabrication and characterization of magnetic nanocomposites by electric fields assisted electrospinning
Authors: Song Yanhua , Xu Lan , Sui Jianhua
Published: September 2019

A magnetic and electric fields assisted electrospinning, in which a charged
copper ring was placed between the needle and the two paralleled magnets
receivers, was presented to produce aligned
polyacrylonitrile/graphene/Fe3O4 (PAN/Gr/Fe3O4) magnetic composite
nanofibers. Characterizations of the magnetic composite nanofibers were
investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy, high-resistance meter, and other methods. The results
showed that Gr and Fe3O4 nanoparticles are suitable additives to improve
alignment degree and conductive properties of nanofibers.
Deformation properties of self-adapting wind turbine blades numerical approach and optimization
Authors: Chen Xiao , Qiu Li , Cen Qiang
Published: September 2019

All wind-driven generators need to be equipped with brakes to ensure
operational control and safety. Many methods are available to avoid
over-speed of the blower. This paper establishes a mechanics model to
investigate each point on turbine blades, which are such designed that they
would change shape in high winds to reduce the frontal area through adaptive
and flexible deformation. In this way, high wind speeds will cause
deformation of the blades and decrease of the rotational speed, as a result
the turbine slows down. A numerical analysis of the fluid in the fan housing
and a force analysis of the blades are performed, and numerical results are
used to design the non-uniform arrangement of the hybrid glass/carbon fiber.
A wind tunnel experiment is performed on the new blade design. The
experimental results show that the new blade achieves an improvement in its
mechanical properties and is able to adaptively adjust the torque. During
the operation of the wind-driven generator, the new blade could effectively
broaden the operational range of wind speeds, thereby improving the power
generation when the wind speed is low. A generator without a brake stalls
when the wind speed exceeds 13 m/s. After the adoption of the self-adaptive
blade made up of the uniform-section complex textile material, the power set
shows reduction of noise, avoidance of blade runaway, improvement of the
efficiency of the power generation, decrease of cost and enhancement of
blade consistency.
Numerical approach to a modularized data computer room using a fresh air-cooling system
Authors: Ma Jing , Liu Yin , Guan Ren-Bo
Published: September 2019

A fresh air-cooling plan is proposed to deal with high energy consumption in
a data center and continuous improvement of temperature resistance
performance in an IT equipment. The modularized data center, which is
designed to adopt outdoor fresh air-cooling method for reducing
temperature, can greatly reduce the energy consumption in data center.
Numerical approach to study on the distribution of flow field, temperature
field and velocity field is given using the CFD software. The results show
that the flow field distribution is uniform, and the temperature
distribution meets the requirements of the data center system. The numerical
results can be used for optimization of the modularized computer room.
Green degumming process of ramie fiber thermal effect and optimization
Authors: Liu Guoliang , Tian Dan , Zhou Bangze , Zhang Yumeng , Xu Tao , Zhao Hongzhi , Wang Chunxia
Published: September 2019

Ramie is a kind of natural fibers, it requires degumming process before it
can be used as a raw material for various applications. The traditional
treatment uses alkali, which is not an environmentally friendly process. In
this paper, ramie fibers are degummed using sodium percarbonate, which
causes no any negative environmental problems, and its decomposition,
hydrogen peroxide, is a clear liquid, it can be used as an oxidizer,
bleaching agent and antiseptics for surface treatment of ramie fibers.
Effect of temperature and concentration of sodium percarbonate on the
degumming process are studied theoretically and verified experimentally.
Finally an optimal degumming process is suggested for maximal weight ratio
of degummed ramie fiber to raw bast.
Water saving performance and macro fluid analysis of a new cyclonic water collector
Authors: Qiu Li , Chen Xiao-Dong , Hu Shao-Jie
Published: September 2019

Power and chemical plants entail serious water loss during their operation.
In order to save water by alleviating the loss of the circulating water in
the cooling tower, a FLUENT simulation is performed to design and analyze a
cyclonic water collector. The geometrical structure of the collector was
such designed that the trajectory of the steam is optimized. The turbulence
caused by the collector increases the possibility for collisions between
water molecules, and the accumulation of tiny drops could be recycled. The
results of the numerical simulation and the experiment verification
demonstrate the ability of the proposed device to save much water.
Furthermore, the mechanisms for water recycling and water saving are
elucidated clearly through the gas-liquid coupling of the circulating water
and cooling water. The present theory gives deep insights into the
optimization of water-saving facilities and improvement of water-saving
efficiency.
Application of industrial waste heat in solar refrigerant system: An example of a textile factory in Jinjiang
Authors: Zheng Hui-Fan , Tian Guo-Ji , Niu Qiao-Ping , Ma Yuan-Qing , Li Zhi-Qiang , Liu En-Hai
Published: September 2019

A waste heat recovery solar ejector-compression refrigeration system was
designed, and a thermodynamic model was established to deal with the waste
heat produced by a textile factory in China. The influence of the outlet
temperature of the heat recovery device on the coefficient of performance
and the generator heat load were researched under different refrigerants,
the energy saving efficiency between waste heat recovery solar
ejector-compression refrigeration system and its conventional solar ejector
refrigeration system was compared. This paper showed that a higher outlet
temperature resulted in a lower heat load of generator and a higher
coefficient of performance. When the temperature increment was 30?C, the
heat load of the generator could be saved by 31.98%, and the coefficient of
performance could be increased by 42.94%.
Thermal property of rock powder-based nanofibers for high temperature filtration and adsorption
Authors: Li Xiao-Xia , Yang Cheng-Fei , He Ji-Huan
Published: September 2019

Rocks have good chemical and thermal properties, which are widely distributed
in mountainous areas and contain a great number of chemical elements.
Weathered rock powders were used as an additive in an electrospun solution
to fabricate rock powder-based nanofibers, and the morphology and thermal
property of nanofibers were studied. The results revealed that the rock
powder was the most economical approach to fabrication of nanofibers with
excellent thermal property and high hydrophilicity. This paper sheds a light
on rock powder-based nano-fibers with well-defined characteristics for
advanced applications for high temperature filtration and absorption, fire
prevention and others.
Em Cativeiro... estamos todos!
Authors: Rocha Rute
Published: September 2019

Nada me surpreende relativamente aos animais viverem em cativeiro. Em pouco mais de 500 anos, desde os descobrimentos, invadimos biomas, ecossistemas, nichos, habitats... todo o espaço dito “selvagem” ... contaminando-o, incendiando-o, negligenciando-o, abusando-o, humanizando-o violentamente... com a “inteligência suprema” que nos caracteriza como Homo sapiens, anos seguidos, dias, horas, minutos...
A paisagem natural como elemento de fruição
Authors: Gil Francisco Baptista
Published: September 2019

Segundo os dicionários e enciclopédias, o conceito de Arte é uma atividade humana ligada a manifestações de ordem estética. Diz respeito ao que se considera ser uma criação dos humanos, quando são aplicados os saberes e o domínio teórico e prático na produção de artefactos – escultura, pintura, música, etc, para serem admirados e fruídos.
As árvores gritam enquanto morrem
Authors: Gil Catarina Calvinho
Published: September 2019

Verdes florestas profundas e vastos oceanos azuis, os pulmões do mundo, os pulmões do lar que tão belos e vastos ecossistemas acolhe, estão a morrer. O verde extingue-se a um ritmo alarmante, o azul é contaminado sem piedade. O planeta colapsa diante da nossa ingenuidade, ignobilidade e ignorância. Mas não o soubemos hoje, sabemo-lo há décadas. Há trinta e cinco anos, em 1984, o realizador e animador japonês Hayao Miyazaki estreava a longa-metragem de animação “Kaze no Tani no Nausicaä (“Nausicaä do Vale do Vento”) baseada num mangá que publicara dois anos antes. Um evento cataclísmico dizimara grande parte dos ecossistemas do planeta Terra. A população humana vivia dividida e isolada em pequenos reinos, separada por uma floresta nociva à sua vida, mas habitada por belíssimos seres gigantescos.
تأثير اختلاف الجنس في اختيار استراتيجيات تعلم اللغة العربية لدى الطلبة لغير قسم تربية اللغة العربية في جامعة بالنكارايا الإسلامية الحكومية
Authors: Wahdah Nurul
Published: September 2019

تهدف هذه الدراسة  المقارنة السببية  إلى معرفة إستراتيجيات تعلم اللغة العربية بوصفها لغة أجنبية عند طلبة جامعة بالنكارايا الإسلامية الحكومية بعدد العينة 220 طالبا يتكونون  110 طالبا و110 طالبة من الأقسام المختلفة . تقام الدراسة باستخدام اسنبانة قائمة إستراتيجيات تعلم اللغة  Strategy Inventory for Language Learning   لأكسفورد  (1990). تحليل البيانات باستخدام الإحصاء الوصفي والإحصاء الاستدلالي.  نتيجة الدراسة تدل على  وجود الفرق ذي الدلالة الإحصائية بين الطلاب والطالبات في تقدير استخدام إستراتيجيات تعلم اللغة العربية  في جامعة بالنكارايا الإسلامية الحكومية. المعدل لمجموعة الذكور  2،805  بالإنخراف المعياري 0،726 أما المعدل لمجموعة الإناث 2،513  بالإنخراف المعياري 0،77 . أكثر الإستراتيجيات التي يستخدمها الطلاب هي  الإستراتيجيات فوق المعرفية بوسطها الحسابي 3،01 وأقلها هي الاستراتيجية التعويضية بوسطها الحسابي 2،72.  وكذلك أكثر الإستراتيجيات التي تستخدمها الطالبات هي  الإستراتيجيات فوق المعرفية بوسطها الحسابي 2،67  وأقلها هي الاستراتيجية التعويضية بوسطها الحسابي 2،36. الكلمات المفتاحية: إستراتيجيات التعلم، اللغة العربية، الجنس
Diethanolamine-Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Mice and Its Amelioration by Curcumin
Authors: Doctor Hetal I. , Samova Sanman K. , Verma Ramtej J.
Published: September 2019

Extensive use of chemicals in personal care products has led to many health issues. Diethanolamine is one of such harmful chemicals containing two highly functional groups alcohol and amine that requires toxicological evaluation and its mitigation. Swiss strain albino mice were used and divided into different control and treated groups. Different doses of DEA (110, 165 and 330 mg/kg body weight/day) were orally administered for 30 days. Biochemical and histopathological assessments were performed at the end of the treatment. Results collectively revealed body weight loss as well as significant increase in absolute and relative liver weight in DEA-treated groups. Biochemical analysis revealed that DEA treatment further promotes significant (P<0.05), dose-dependent increase in lipid and cholesterol contents and also cause decrease in protein and glycogen content. Histopathological assessment confirms vacuole formation due to accumulation of lipid within the liver tissue. Administration of curcumin (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg body weight/day) along with high dose of DEA (330 mg/kg body weight/day) showed improved values of lipid, cholesterol, protein and glycogen contents. It also helped retaining normal histological structure of liver. Observations in all groups and results indicate DEA-treatment causes hepatic steatosis and treatment of curcumin attenuated effect of DEA that is due to its potential antioxidant properties.
The Effect of Hydrothermally Processed Soybean- and Rapeseed-Based Diets on Performance, Meat and Carcass Quality Characteristics in Growing-Finishing Pigs
Authors: Kaczmarek Piotr , Korniewicz Daniel , Lipiński Krzysztof , Mazur-Kuśnirek Magdalena
Published: September 2019

The experiment was performed on 60 crossbred weaners with average initial body weight (BW) of 22 kg. The animals were divided into 4 groups, with 15 animals (10 males and 5 females) per group, based on the percentage content of the following components in complete diets: soybean meal, toasted full-fat soybeans, cold-pressed rapeseed cake with increased oil content, extruded rapeseed cake with increased oil content. The growth performance of pigs, carcass characteristics, meat quality and the fatty acid profile of depot fat were determined. The pigs fed complete diets containing toasted soybeans had higher average daily gain (ADG). The animals receiving cold-pressed rapeseed cake were characterised by lower ADG and higher FCR. The carcasses of pigs fed diets containing cold-pressed rapeseed cake and extruded rapeseed cake had lower lean content than the carcasses of pigs administered toasted soybeans. The analysed feedstuffs had no effect on back-fat thickness or meat quality. Cold-pressed and extruded rapeseed cake contributed to changes in the fatty acid profile of backfat, including an increase in the concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and a more desirable n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. The extrusion processing of rapeseed cake decreased the content of lysine and methionine with cystine by approximately 4%, and reduced total glucosinolate content by approximately 17%. The inclusion of toasted soybeans in pig diets contributed to higher BW gain and carcass dressing percentage. Rapeseed cake with increased oil content led to desirable changes in the fatty acid profile of backfat.
Lectotypification ofImpatiens acuminataBenth. ex Hook.f. & Thomson and notes on its geographical distribution
Authors: Deori Chaya , Tham Bladimir Bajur Theodore , Talukdar Satya Ranian , Adamowski Wojciech , Gogoi Rajib
Published: September 2019

Impatiens acuminataBenth. ex Hook.f. & Thomson, endemic to Meghalaya in North-Eastern India, is lectotypified here. The species was collected/observed only five times in the 20thcentury. A detailed description and photographic illustrations based on live plant material is provided for its easy identification along with its comparison to closely related speciesI. parkinsoniiC. E. C. Fisch. Geographical distribution, conservation status and horticultural potentials of the species are also discussed.
The first record ofPhysalis angulataL. (Solanaceae) for the flora of Libya
Authors: Mahklouf Mohammed H.
Published: September 2019

Physalis angulatahas been discovered and recorded for the first time in the flora of Libya. This species was collected from the Bilash′har region belonging to the city of Tajura, about 20 km east of Tripoli.P. angulatais easily identified by its small yellow flowers without central dark spots in the center, and by pedulus globose berry enclosed within an inflated bladdery fruiting calyx. Detailed descriptions, photographs, habitat and ecology are provided for easy identification, and to facilitate further identification of this species and to warrant its future detection.
Epiphytic bryophytes in urban forests of Wrocław (SW Poland)
Authors: Fudali Ewa , Żołnierz Ludwik
Published: September 2019

Data documenting the occurrence of epiphytic bryophytes in the urban forests of the Wroclaw city were collected and reported for the first time. Research was carried out in 2015-2016, in forest areas situated within the city administrative boundaries, to find whether some epiphytic species reported from the Wroclaw environs in the 19th century and presently considered to be primeval forest relicts occur in urban forests. The survey was carried out using the established network of 50 study plots randomly scattered within the urban forested areas. In total 42 species (4 liverworts and 38 mosses) were recorded on 467 trees; three of them are primeval forest relicts. In this paper, the host-tree preferences, distribution in the individual forests, relative frequency, abundance and exposure to compass directions of the studied taxa are analysed. Of the species described, only 17 are obligatory epiphytes, while 22 of them are character forest species. However, 82% of the latter were noted on a small number of tree trunks. Two moss taxa,Hypnum cupressiformeandPlatygyrium repens, were most frequently found (on 76 and 50% of the trees, respectively). Among the species recorded in the studied area, there are five that have been showing some expansive tendencies in Europe in recent decades. The potential ability of these species to spread in urban areas is discussed in relation to their general ecological requirements.
Bank Capital and Profitability: An Empirical Study of South African Commercial Banks
Authors: Nyoka Charles
Published: September 2019

Bank capital is a principal aspect of regulation and will determine how long a bank remains in business from a regulatory point of view. Prior research on the relationship between capital and profitability has largely focused on developed economies, especially the USA, and Europe and the results have been inconclusive. There is no evidence of such research done to date that focuses on an emerging economy such as South Africa. Using South Africa as a unit of analysis and using the Generalised Methods of Moments (GMM), and Panel Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) or Pooled IV method as the estimation techniques, this study tested the hypothesis that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between bank capital and profitability. The results provided evidence of a positive relationship between capital ratio (CAR), return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). From a bank specific strategic decision‑making perspective, this would assist financial institutions and investors in tailoring investment decisions in response to policy decisions that relate to bank capital. From the public policy perspective, this would assist both governments and regulators in formulating better‑ informed policy decisions regarding the importance of bank capital.
The Adaptive Market Hypothesis and the Day‑of‑the‑Week Effect in African Stock Markets: the Markov Switching Model
Authors: Obalade Adefemi A. , Muzindutsi Paul Francois
Published: September 2019

In line with the Adaptive Market Hypothesis (AMH), the objective of this study is to investigate how the day‑of‑the‑week (DOW) effect behaves under different bull and bear market conditions in African stock markets, and to examine the likelihood of being in a bull or bear regime for each market. A Markov Switching Model (MSM) was employed as the analytical technique. The results show that the DOW effect appears in one regime and disappears in another, in all markets, as rooted in the AMH. Lastly, all markets, except the Johannesburg Stock Exchange have a higher tendency to be in a bearish state than a bullish one. Our findings show that active investment management may yield profits for investors investing in most African markets during bearish conditions.
Measurement Method of the Width of the Strands of Cut Tobacco Based on Digital Image Processing
Authors: Liu Jun , Chen Zhihao , Zhao Jijun , Wang Shu , Ding Li , Wu Xiaosong , Zhang Long , Feng Qian
Published: September 2019

The width of cut tobacco strands is an important indicator for physical parameters as well as for the smoking quality. In some countries, cut width helps to distinguish fine-cut tobacco and pipe tobacco and thus differentiates taxation rate. A new method for rapid measurement of the width of cut tobacco strands was developed based on digital image processing, because the method described in ISO 20193, though easy to implement in factories, proved time consuming and generated high testing costs. The essence of this method is to determine the statistic width of incisions. The straight-line segments represent the width of strands of cut tobacco, from which the determination of the width for randomly placed tobacco strands could be achieved. Five kinds of samples (‘ISO collaborative study samples 0.4 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.6 mm and 3.0 mm’ and ‘Guangdong baked 0.9 mm’) were used to study the comparability of the measurement results between the method presented in this work and the current ISO method. Results show that accuracy and repeatability are comparable. In addition, the testing efficiency of the method presented in this work appears to be higher than the current ISO method, and it is thus a promising alternative method for measuring the width of strands of cut tobacco.
Macrophytes in the littoral of Lake Arakhley in different states of water regime
Authors: Kuklin Alexey P. , Bazarova Balzhit B.
Published: September 2019

The study of aquatic vegetation in the littoral of the dimictic water bodies of taiga is of particular interest in case of long-term observations carried out under conditions of climate fluctuations. During the low-water period, drying of the littoral with a decrease in the water level leads to the changes in phytomass of macrophytes, as well as in the composition of species and their distribution by depth. The area of littoral covered with ice in winter is also large in the low-water period; it affects the growth of perennial plants. When the water level decreases, the sand beach replaces the sand and pebble beach; it leads to the disappearance of epilithon and the predominance of rooting plants. The features of vegetation were determined for each period of water content. The low-water period is characterised mostly by grass-type vegetation; the high-water period is characterised by vegetation of mixed type.
Morphological characteristics and variation of wood, cone and seed productions in the reforestation of Aleppo pine in Northeastern Tunisia using terrestrial and spatial index approaches
Authors: Guemri Raouia El , Jaouadi Wahbi , Mechergui Kaouther , Alsubeie Moodi , Naghmouchi Souheila , Ouellani Sabri El , Khouja Mohamed Larbi
Published: September 2019

For several decades, forest management policies have encouraged land cover changes, with the establishment of tree cover such as Aleppo pine in natural or degraded ecosystems for soil protection and the firewood production. In order to investigate the importance of Aleppo pine trees in the ecosystem, this study was conducted in the reforestation of the Aleppo pine of Northeastern Tunisia. The production of wood, cones and seeds of Aleppo pine in the 6 date reforestation in Northeastern Tunisia were surveyed using 6 plots (20 tree/plot) spread over 6 different location. Our hypothesis was to determine the characteristics that can be decisive in estimating the production of Aleppo pine in reforestation in Tunisia using terrestrial and spatial measurements including (i) age, (ii) dendrometric characteristics, (iii) silvicultural treatments, (iv) stationary data and/ or (v) remote sensing parameter (NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). We found that the Aleppo pine in Northeastern Tunisia and at young age trees (14–35 years) were more productive than the regeneration or reforestation stand, either young or old, in Northwest of Tunisia. Wood, cone and seed productions were significantly different amongst the plots (p <0.05). The NDVI was positively correlated with the production of wood, cones and seeds. Stand age, exposure and longitude were also positively correlated with the production. However, longitude and altitude were negatively correlated with the production, showing a negative effect on the morphological traits of trees and, subsequently, their growth. The regression analysis indicates that NDVI and age were the most determinant factors of seed production. This research suggests that reforestation planning, particularly the choice of altitude and latitude, may result in improved tree morphology that may increase Aleppo pine wood seed and cone crops.
Spiking Neural Network Based on Cusp Catastrophe Theory
Authors: Huderek Damian , Szczęsny Szymon , Rato Raul
Published: September 2019

This paper addresses the problem of effective processing using third generation neural networks. The article features two new models of spiking neurons based on the cusp catastrophe theory. The effectiveness of the models is demonstrated with an example of a network composed of three neurons solving the problem of linear inseparability of the XOR function. The proposed solutions are dedicated to hardware implementation using the Edge computing strategy. The paper presents simulation results and outlines further research direction in the field of practical applications and implementations using nanometer CMOS technologies and the current processing mode.
Anxiety In A Dental And Maxillofacial Surgery Consulting Room: Does Previous Experience Matter?
Authors: Olawole Wasiu Olalekan , Kanmodi Kehinde Kazeem , Akinshipo Abdulwarith , Taiwo Abdulrazzaq Olanrewaju
Published: September 2019

Objectives

To explore the associations between previous dental visits and dental anxiety among patients presenting at the dental and maxillofacial surgery clinic of Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria.

Materials and methods

This study was a cross-sectional study conducted among 172 patients. Study instrument was a 9-item structured questionnaire, which obtained information about the participants regarding their: demographic profile; previous dental experience; and dental anxiety status in a dental and maxillofacial surgery consulting room. Data collected were analyzed using the SPSS Version 20 Software. Associations between variables were evaluated using Chi-square statistics using a p < 0.05 to determine the level of statistical significance.

Results

Roughly, six-tenth (57.6%) of the participants were males. The observed prevalence of dental anxiety among the participants was 47.7%. A history of pain experience during past dental treatment as well as a history of past dental visit were found to have statistically significant relationships with participants’ dental anxiety status (p-values < 0.05). However, the frequency of previous dental visits, a history of past dental treatment, and a history of use of intraoral injections in the course of past dental treatment were found to have no statistically significant relationship with participants’ status of dental anxiety (p-values > 0.05). Finally, the prevalence of dental anxiety among the groups of female folks with “a history of previous visit to a dentist” and “a history of pain experience in the past dental treatment” were found to be significantly higher than that observed among similar groups among the male folks (p-values < 0.05).

Conclusion

Previous experience of pain plays a major role of influence over dental anxiety experience among patients. Hence, dental practitioners need to pay more attention towards dental anxiety management among patients, especially women.
Rest Redistribution Functions as a Free and Ad-Hoc Equivalent to Commonly Used Velocity-Based Training Thresholds During Clean Pulls at Different Loads
Authors: Jukic Ivan , Tufano James J.
Published: September 2019

This study determined whether redistributing total rest time into shorter, but more frequent rest periods could maintain velocity and power output during 3 traditional sets of 6 clean pulls using 80% (TS80), 100% (TS100) and 120% (TS120) of power clean 1RM with 180 seconds of inter-set rest and during 3 “rest redistribution” protocols of 9 sets of 2 clean pulls using 80% (RR80), 100% (RR100) and 120% (RR120) of power clean 1RM with 45 seconds of inter-set rest. The total number of repetitions performed above 10 and 20% velocity loss thresholds, mean and peak velocity maintenance (the average of all 18 repetitions relative to the best repetition; MVM, PVM), and decline (the worst repetition relative to the best repetition; MVD, PVD) were calculated. For MVM, PVM, MVD, and PVD, there were small-to-moderate effect sizes in favour of RR80 and RR100, but large effects favouring RR120, compared to their respective TS protocols. The number of repetitions within a 20% velocity loss threshold was 17.7 ± 0.6 during RR and 16.5 ± 2.4 during TS (effect size 0.69); and the number of repetitions within a 10% velocity loss threshold was about 13.1 ± 3.7 during RR and 10.7 ± 3.6 during TS (effect size 0.66). Therefore, RR generally allowed for a better overall maintenance of velocity and power, especially at heavy loads. Coaches who wish to implement velocity-based training, but who do not wish to purchase or use the associated equipment, may consider rest-redistribution to encourage similar training stimuli.
A Comparison Between The Recovery Responses Following an Eccentrically Loaded Bench Press Protocol Vs. Regular Loading in Highly Trained Men
Authors: Bartolomei Sandro , Totti Valentina , Nigro Federico , Ciacci Simone , Semprini Gabriele , Michele Rocco Di , Cortesi Matteo , Hoffman Jay R.
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the physiological responses of a single bout of an eccentric accentuated bench press protocol (120% of 1RM in the eccentric phase/80% in the concentric phase; [120/80]) versus a regular high-intensity exercise protocol (80%/80%; [80/80]) in resistance-trained men. Eleven men (age = 25.6 ± 3.9 y; body mass = 84.6 ± 11.2 kg; body height = 176.4 ± 3.9 cm) with 6.3 ± 3.4 y of resistance training experience performed each protocol in counterbalanced, randomized order. Isometric, isokinetic and ballistic tests were performed at the bench press (IBPF, ISOK and BTP, respectively) at baseline (BL), 15-min (15P), 24-h (24P), and 48-h (48P) post-exercise for each testing session. In addition, muscle thickness of the pectoralis major (PecMT) was measured at the same timepoints via ultrasound. Significantly greater reductions in BTP (p < 0.001), peak force during both ISOK (p = 0.005) and IBPF (p = 0.006) at 15P were detected in 120/80 compared to 80/80. BTP was still significantly (p = 0.009) impaired at 48P following the 120/80 protocol, while no differences were noted following 80/80. PecMt was significantly elevated following both 120/80 and 80/80 (p < 0.05) at 15P, but significant differences between the trials were present at 15P and 24P (p = 0.005 and p = 0.008, respectively). Results indicated that heavy eccentric loading during the bench press exercise caused greater performance deficits than a bout of traditionally loaded high intensity resistance exercise. Power performance appears to be more influenced by the 120/80 protocol than isometric peak force. Eccentrically loaded exercise sessions should be separated by at least 48 hours to obtain a complete recovery of the initial muscle morphology and performance.