bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental studies of the thermophysical properties of the white earth stabilized with Portland cement used for building construction (Morocco)
Authors: Bakari Randa , Samaouali Abderrahim , Fertahi Saϊf Ed-Dîn , Ouaazizi Karima , Kanibou Fatima , Haddadi Soundous
Published: July 2022

The determination of the thermophysical properties of the building materials plays a vital role in buildings and industry field. Our choice is the white earth material which is currently experiencing a resurgence of interest regarding the energy and housing crisis. In contrast to cement, concrete or steel, white earth in its natural state can be used as a building material with practically no energy expenditure. It has many environmental, social and cultural advantages.
The aim of this work is to determine the thermal parameters of this material (thermal conductivity, volumetric heat capacity, specific heat, thermal diffusivity, effusivity and bulk density) at ambiant temperature of 20°C. The effect of compaction rate and the bulk density, on its properties, was evaluated. The measurements showed a significant increase in the thermal conductivity, the volumetric heat capacity, the diffusivity and the thermal effusivity as a function of compaction. The significant influence of the bulk density on the thermal conductivity was shown. The addition of cement to the initial material (white earth) decreases the thermo-physical properties for low percentages. As the percentage of cement incorporated increases, its thermal parameters increase significantly.
Differential characteristics among asymptomatic and symptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction and those with dry eye
Authors: Chiou Yi-Ran , Lin Pei-Yu , Chou Yu-Bai , Huang Po-Wei , Fan Nai-Wen
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To identify the characteristics of asymptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), symptomatic MGD, and MGD coexisting with dry eye disease (DED). Methods: This cross sectional study enrolled a total of 153 eyes of 87 MGD patients. Participants filled in ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaires. Age, gender, Schirmer’s test, meibomian gland (MG) related parameters, lipid layer thickness (LLT) and blinking were compared among patients with asymptomatic MGD, symptomatic MGD, and MGD with DED. Multivariate regression was used to analyze the significant factor of DED in MGD. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the significant factors and MG function. Results: There was no difference in age, Schirmer’s test, lid changes, MG secretion, and MG morphology among three groups. Patients with MGD coexisting with DED exhibited more frequent eye blinking than that of patients with asymptomatic MGD (P = 0.022), and reduced LLT than that of patients with asymptomatic MGD (P = 0.010) and symptomatic MGD (P = 0.015). Multivariate analysis identified LLT (OR, 0.97) as a significant factor associated with DED development in MGD. The number of expressible MG was positively correlated with LLT (P = 0.016) but negatively correlated with the number of blinking (P = 0.016) in MGD patients with DED, and these findings were not identified in those without DED.Conclusions: Asymptomatic MGD, symptomatic MGD, and MGD coexisting with DED share similar characteristics, including meibum secretion and morphology, but MGD patients coexisting with DED exhibited signifcantly reduced LLT.
Undercutting transit? Exploring potential competition between automated vehicles and public transportation in the U.S.
Authors: Kaplan Leah , Helveston John Paul
Published: July 2022

Automated vehicles (AVs) have the potential to dramatically disrupt current transportation patterns and practices. One particular area of concern is AVs’ impacts on public transit systems. If vehicle automation enables significant price decreases or performance improvements for ride-hailing services, some fear that it could undercut public transit, which could have important implications for the environment and transportation equity. The extent to which individuals adopt automated transportation modes will drive many system-level outcomes, and research on public preferences for AVs is immature and inconclusive. In this study, we use responses from an online choice-based conjoint survey fielded in the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Region (N = 1,736) in October 2021 to estimate discrete choice models of public preferences for different automated (ride-hailing, shared ride-hailing, bus) and non-automated (ride-hailing, shared ride-hailing, bus, rail) modes. We use the estimated models to simulate future marketplace competition across a range of trip scenarios. Respondents on average were only willing to pay a premium for automated modes when a vehicle attendant was also present, limiting the potential cost savings that AV operators might achieve by removing the driver. Additionally, scenario analysis revealed that for trips where good transit options were available, transit remained competitive with automated ride-hailing modes. These results suggest that fears of a mass transition away from transit to AVs may be limited by people’s willingness to use AVs, at least in the short term. Future AV operators should also recognize presence of an AV attendant as a critical feature for early AV adoption.
Prevalence and global trends of polypharmacy in patients with chronic Liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: danjuma mohammed , ansari soubiya , AlShibly Rafal Jamal , Elhams mohammed , Alshamri Manwa , Naseralalah Lina Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Background
despite its central role in drug metabolism the exact prevalence estimates and factors impacting on the global trends of polypharmacy in patients with chronic liver disease has remained unexamined.
Methods
We carried a comprehensive search of relevant databases (PubMed; EMBASE, Science citation index Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; and database of abstracts of reviews of effectiveness for studies since inception to and 30th May 2022 that reported on patients with chronic liver disease for which data on the prevalence estimates of polypharmacy (ingestion of > 5 non-ART was available. We subsequently carried out a systematic review and weighted meta-analysis to ascertain the exact prevalence of polypharmacy amongst patients with chronic liver disease. We evaluated the heterogeneity between studies with \({I}^{2}\) and \({\tau }^{2}\) statistics.
Results
Fifty studies were identified from initial literature, out of which 7 (enrolling N = 521435 patients with Chronic Liver Disease met the inclusion criteria; of this 58.7% were males, with mean age of 53.9 (± 12.2) years. The overall pooled prevalence of polypharmacy amongst patients with chronic liver disease was 31% (95% CI: 4% − 66%) (I2 = 100%, τ2 = < 0.001, p = < 0.0001). we found a higher pooled prevalence estimates amongst patients aged 50 years and older compared to their younger cohorts (42%, [CI 10–77]; I2 = 100%, P = < 0.001 vs. 21%, [CI 0–70]; I2 = 100%, P = < 0.001).
Conclusion
In an examination of multiple community and hospital-based databases of patients with chronic liver disease, we found a pooled prevalence estimate of polypharmacy at about 31%. This represents a case burden within the range reported in the general population and will respond to mitigation strategies thus far employed for patients in that population.
Research of food security in Xiamen under the background of arable land loss and COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zhang Tianhai
Published: July 2022

The outbreak and spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide slowed down the agricultural and industrial production. Related lockdown or restriction caused problems in logistics and food supply globally, resulted in rising of food prices worldwide and threats to food security. China got through long period of rapid urbanization in period of 1990–2020, and large number of arable land has been occupied as built-up land. This situation brought potential food security threats, such as food supply reduction, food self-sufficiency difficulties in special regions, special period. This research takes Xiamen, a coastal city with rapid urbanization in China, as the research area, analyzed its dynamic changes of land use and per capita crops production for years. In addition, food availability like the import with export also got analyzed, as well as food price under the background of COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that the increase of built-up land in Xiamen is the largest, followed by decrease of arable land. Large proportion of arable land has been converted into built-up land from 1989 to 2018. The decrease of arable land and increase of population due to rapid urbanization lead to the decrease of per capita crops production to 6kg in 2018, which is only 1% of China’s average level. By comparison of per capita crops production in different regions and the change of China’s crops import and export, it is found that there is a significant contradiction between the urbanization ratio and food security in Xiamen, and it is difficult for Xiamen to obtain food input from regions nearby for long-term. Especially, not only the global food price index but also the food price in whole China continue rise up during period of COVID-19 pandemic right now. Thus, Xiamen needs to take multiple measures and policy interventions to ensure a certain degree of food self-sufficiency, and protect the basic arable land as well.
A comparison of experience sampled hay fever symptom severity across rural and urban areas of the UK
Authors: Gledson Ann , Lowe Douglas , Reani Manuele , Topping David , Hall Ian , Cruickshank Sheena , Harwood Adrian , Woodcock Joshua , Jay Caroline
Published: July 2022

Hay fever affects people differently and can change over a lifetime, but data is lacking on how environmental factors may influence this. This study is the first to combine atmospheric sensor data with real-time, geo-positioned hay fever symptom reports to examine the relationship between symptom severity and air quality, weather and land use. We study 36145 symptom reports submitted over 5 years by over 700 UK residents using a mobile application. Scores were recorded for nose, eyes and breathing. Symptom reports are labelled as urban or rural using land-use data from the UK’s Office for National Statistics. Reports are compared with AURN network pollution measurements and pollen and meteorological data taken from the UK Met Office. Our analysis suggests urban areas record significantly higher symptom severity for all years except 2017. Rural areas do not record significantly higher symptom severity in any year. Additionally, symptom severity correlates with more air quality markers in urban areas than rural areas, indicating that differences in allergy symptoms may be due to variation in the levels of pollutants, pollen counts and seasonality across land-use types. The results provide evidence that urban surroundings may exacerbate hay fever symptoms.
Fabrication of a lattice structure with periodic open pores through three-dimensional printing for bone ingrowth
Authors: Park Jong Woong , Park Hyenmin , Kim June Hyuk , Kim Hong Moule , Yoo Chang Hyoung , Kang Hyun Guy
Published: July 2022

Lattice structures for implants can be printed by metal three-dimensional (3D)-printing and used as a porous microstructure to enhance bone ingrowth in 3D-printed orthopedic implants. However, the design and 3D-printed product can have differences. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether targeted pores can be stably obtained despite printing errors. The specimen was printed in a cube shape with one side in 15 mm and a full lattice with a dode-thin structure in 1.15, 1.5, and 2.0 mm by selective laser melting method. Beam compensation was applied while serially increasing it until the vector was lost. For each specimen, the actual unit size and thickness of struts were measured 50 times. Pore size was calculated from the unit size and strut, and porosity was converted from the specimen’s weight. The actual average output for pore sizes 1.15, 1.5, and 2.0 mm were 257.9, 406.2, and 633.6 µm, respectively, and volume porosity was 62%, 70%, and 80%, respectively. No strut breakage or gross deformation in all 3D-printed specimens were observed, and the pores were uniformly fabricated with < 10% standard deviation. An actual printed structure in the micrometer-scaled structure indicated a significant difference from the design, although this error was not random. Although the accuracy was low, precision was high for pore cells, so reproducibility was secured stably. The target pore size and porosity were obtained by 3D-printing of a dode-thin structure with a unit size of 1.5 mm.
Comparison of the immunological and T-cell responses in vaccinated people positive and negative to SARS-CoV-2 employing FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: Mata-Miranda Monica M. , Martinez-Cuazitl Adriana , Sanchez-Brito Miguel , Delgado-Macuil Raul J. , Guerrero-Ruiz Melissa , Atriano-Colorado Consuelo , Garibay-Gonzalez Francisco , Sanchez-Monroy Virginia , López-Reyes Alberto , Solano-Sanchez Jesús B. , Chavez-Velasco Arleth S. , Valadez-Zenteno Charlyn , Vazquez-Zapien Gustavo Jesus
Published: July 2022

Various immunopathological events characterize the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nevertheless, it has been reported that T cell response against SARS-CoV-2 is predominated by CD4+ T cells, which could be related to the compromised long-lasting protection. Furthermore, different vaccines have been developed to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, this research aimed to analyze and compare Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of vaccinated people with a positive (V-COVID-19 group) or negative (V-Healthy group) qPCR test, evaluating the long-lasting immune and T-cell responses through FTIR spectroscopy. Most individuals that integrated the V-Healthy group (88.1%) were asymptomatic; contrary, only 28% of the V-COVID-19 were asymptomatic. Likewise, 68% of the V-COVID-19 group had at least one coexisting illness. About the immunological and T-cell responses analyzed through FTIR spectroscopy, the V-COVID-19 group showed a greater content of IgG and IgA as well as the analyzed cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6, and IL-10). Therefore, it was possible to evaluate in saliva the long-lasting immune and T-cell responses through FTIR spectroscopy, showing a statistical significance between the groups. Moreover, we corroborated that the protective role of vaccination is not only by antibodies; the vaccine-induced T cells might contribute to vaccine efficacy against viral variants.
Crizotinib loaded polydopamine-polylactide-TPGS nanoparticles in chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Han , Wu Yilan , Lin Xiaoyan
Published: July 2022

Objective: To evaluate the effect of crizotinib loaded polydopamine-polylactide-TPGS nanoparticles (CZT/pD-PT NPs) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its safety.Methods: After the synthesis of CZT/pD-PT NPs, their characterization was evaluated and its effects on PC-9 cell viability and apoptosis were determined. In vivo experiment was further performed to evaluate the anti-NSCLC efficacy of CZT/pD-PT NPs. TUNEL assay and Western blot were respectively applied for the determination of cell apoptosis and apoptosis-related protein expression, while liver function-related index expression detection and liver histopathological detection were used to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of CZT/pD-PT NPs. Results: Compared with free CZT, CZT/pD-PT NPs had a slow-release effect and promoted the cellular uptake of CZT. In addition, CZT/pD-PT NPs significantly inhibited PC-9 cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, showing superior cytotoxicity. At the same time, CZT/pD-PT NPs had no significant effect on liver tissue morphology liver and function-related indicators such as ALP, ALT, AST and DBIL.Conclusion: CZT/pD-PT NPs has excellent anti-NSCLC effect with low hepatotoxicity, which can be served as a novel drug delivery system to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy for NSCLC.
Endogenous circadian reporters reveal critical consequences of diverse novel mutations in clock genes
Authors: Park Jiyoung , Lee Kwangjun , Kim Hyeongseok , Shin Heongsop , Lee Choogon
Published: July 2022

Adverse consequences from having a faulty circadian clock include compromised sleep quality and poor performance in the short-term, and metabolic diseases and cancer in the long-term. However, our understanding of circadian disorders is limited by the incompleteness of our molecular models and our dearth of defined mutant models. Because it would be prohibitively expensive to develop live animal models to study the full range of complicated clock mechanisms, we developed Per1-luc and Per2-luc endogenous circadian reporters in a validated clock cell model, U2OS, where the genome can be easily manipulated, and functional consequences of mutations can be accurately studied. Using these reporter cells, we uncovered critical differences between two paralogs of Per and Cry, as well as working principles of the circadian phosphotimer. Our system can be used as an efficient platform to study circadian sleep disorders such as Familial Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome (FASPS) and their underlying molecular mechanisms.
The relationship between chest tube position in the thoracic cavity and treatment failure in empyema patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Taniguchi Jumpei , Nakashima Kei , Matsui Hiroki , Nagai Tatsuya , Otsuki Ayumu , Ito Hiroyuki , Sugimura Hiroshi
Published: July 2022

Background: Empyema is an infection of the pleura space for which antibiotics and source control are important treatments. Chest tube insertion is the most popular and widely used drainage technique. As much as possible, we customarily attempt to place the tube at the bottom in the thoracic cavity to consider the effects of gravity; however, the effectiveness of this custom is not well-defined. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether the position of the tip of the thoracic tube affects treatment failure in patients with empyema.Methods: In this retrospective observational study, empyema patients who underwent thoracic tube insertion were divided into two groups: those with the tip of the tube positioned below the 10th thoracic vertebra at the level of the diaphragm (lower position group) and those with the tip placed above the 9th thoracic vertebra (upper position group). We compared whether the position of the tube tip affected treatment failure. Stabilized inverse probability treatment weights (SIPTW) were used to balance the baseline characteristics between the groups. Treatment failure showed a composite outcome of hospital death, referral to surgeons for surgery, and additional chest tube insertion.Results: Among the 87 patients, 41 and 46 were in the lower and upper groups, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the composite outcomes between the groups (46.3% vs. 54.3%, P = 0.596). There was also no significant difference in the composite outcome between both groups after adjusting for SIPTW (52.3% vs. 68.8%, P=0.286).Conclusions: There were no significant differences in treatment failure in this empyema treatment study, in which the drain tip position was stratified by the 9th and 10th thoracic vertebrae. The position of the tip of the thoracic tube may not be important for empyema treatment as long as if it is in the thoracic cavity. Trial registration: The participants were registered retrospectively.
Impact of Aedes aegypti breeding containers physicochemical parameters on their productivity and adult mosquito body size in Ouagadougou city, Burkina Faso
Authors: Ouédraogo Wengida Mathias , Toé Hyacinthe Kobie , Sombié Aboubacar , Viana Mafalda , Bougouma Clarisse , Sanon Antoine , Weetman David , McCall Philip J. , Kanuka Hirotaka , Badolo Athanase
Published: July 2022

Background
Outbreaks of dengue fever caused by viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are repeatedly reported in West Africa. Burkina Faso has experienced major dengue outbreaks most notably in 2016 and 2017, with 80% of cases recorded in Ouagadougou (Central health region). In order to better understand the ecology of this vector to provide information for control, a study on the productivity of Aedes breeding sites measured by abundance of immature stages, and resultant adult body size, and breeding site characteristics was undertaken in three Health Districts (Baskuy, Bogodogo, and Nongremassom) of the city of Ouagadougou.
Methods
Adult mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors in 643 households during the rainy season from -month- to -month- 2018. Water containers were systematically recorded and prospected for larval presence or absence. Breeding container characteristics including size, temperature, pH and conductivity were recorded as well as water volume. Traditional Stegomyia indices were calculated; generalised mixed models were fitted to larval and pupal densities, and the contribution of each covariate to the model evaluated by the Z-value and associated P-value.
Results
A total of 1,061 breeding sites were inspected, of which 760 were positive for Aedes aegypti immature stages. Tires, medium (Buckets/Cans/Pots) and large (Bin/barrel/drums) containers were the most frequent, positive and productive larval habitats in each health district. Of the Stegomyia indices, the Breteau, house and container indices exceeded WHO dengue risk thresholds. Generalised Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) showed that larval and pupal abundances were each associated with container type, physicochemical characteristics and collection month, but with significant differences among container types among health districts. Aedes aegypti body size was positively associated with containers type, diameter, electrical conductivity; and negatively associated with pH, temperature, and a containers’ level of exposure to sunshine.
Conclusion
We provide data on putative determinants of Aedes aegypti immature habitat productivity, which are useful to better understand Aedes aegypti proliferation. The results suggest that targeting the most productive containers could contribute to dengue vector control strategies in Burkina Faso.
Paternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three white yak breeds/populations in China
Authors: Luo Jing , Liu Wenxian , Chen Shengmei , Ahmed Zulfiqar , Sun Wenping , Li Ruizhe , Lei Chuzhao , Ma Zhijie
Published: July 2022

The white yak, a unique and valuable farm animal of the Qinghai-Tibetian Plateau, is mainly distributed in Tianzhu (County of Gansu Province), Menyuan, Huzhu and Ledu (three Counties of Qinghai Province) in China. In the present study, the Y-chromosomal based genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of three Chinese white yak breeds/populations (Tianzhu, Huzhu and Menyuan) were comprehensively explored using five Y-SNPs (SRY4, USP9Y, UTY19, AMELY3 and OFD1Y10) and one Y-STR (INRA189) markers. The results of this study showed that six Y-haplotypes (H1Y1, H9Y1, H10Y1, H11Y2, H12Y2 and H13Y2) were identified in 97 male yaks from three white yak breeds/populations. Among haplotypes, H1Y1, H10Y1 and H11Y2 were shared haplotypes for all of breeds/populations and H12Y2 was shared by Tianzhu and Huzhu populations. However, H9Y1 and H13Y2 haplotypes were only detected in Menyuan and Tianzhu white yak populations, respectively. The Y-haplotype diversity was maximum in Huzhu white yak (0.7500±0.0349), the medium in Tianzhu white yak (0.6881±0.0614) and lowest in Menyuan white yak (0.5720±0.0657), respectively. The total Y-haplotype diversity of three white yak breeds/populations was 0.7567±0.0233, indicating rich paternal genetic diversity in white yak. The FST values showed a moderate differentiation between Tianzhu and Menyuan (FST =0.0763, P<0.05) populations, weak differentiation between Huzhu and Tianzhu white yak breeds/populations (FST =0.0186, P>0.05) and Huzhu and Menyuan (FST =-0.005, P>0.05) populations. The clustering analysis showed a close genetic relationship between Huzhu and Menyuan white yaks and far from Tianzhu white yak breed. The phylogenetic analyses showed that white yak had two Y-haplogroups/lineages (Y1 and Y2) with two potential paternal origins. The data of present study could contribute to the conservation and utilization of special white yak genetic resources.
The revelation of spontaneous correction of malalignment ventricular septal defect and overriding of the aorta in a child with pink tetralogy of fallot
Authors: Shrivastava Ashish , Bhatia Snigdha , Aggarwal Sanjeev , Safa Raya
Published: July 2022

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. The presentation and treatment approach depends on the severity of the right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and most cases require a surgical correction. We describe a neonate with pink TOF who exhibited typical echocardiographic characteristics such as aortic overriding, and a large VSD with minimal or no pulmonary outflow tract obstruction. The patient lost to follow-up, and a repeat 5-year echocardiogram revealed the absence of aortic overriding and significantly restricted VSD with a left-to-right shunt(pressure gradient ~50 mmHg across the VSD). There is no previous evidence of spontaneous correction of the defects associated with TOF which makes this case so intriguing.
Prevalence and Outcome of Steroid-Resistant/Refractory Pneumonitis Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: An Observational Study of the Prospective REISAMIC Registry
Authors: Camard Marion , Besse Benjamin , Cariou Pierre-Louis , Massayke Sabine , Laparra Ariane , Noel Nicolas , Michot Jean-Marie , Ammari Samy , Pavec Jérôme Le , Lambotte Olivier
Published: July 2022

Background. Anticancer immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including interstitial pneumonitis, which is managed chiefly with systemic corticosteroids. When corticosteroids fail, second-line immunosuppressive therapy is indicated. Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence and outcomes of ICI-induced pneumonitis requiring second-line immunosuppressive therapy (IS).Methods. We collected data form the REISAMIC pharmacovigilance registry and the multidisciplinary immunological toxicity board at Gustave Roussy (France). No response to steroids was called steroid-refractory pneumonitis and relapse after an initial response was defined as steroid-resistant pneumonitis. Results. Of the 1187 patients screened from the REISAMIC register, 48 (4%) patients had pneumonitis treated with corticosteroids. Five of them (10%) had corticosteroid refractory/resistant disease but only 2 were treated with immunosuppressive therapy. Four additional patients requiring immunosuppressive therapy identified via the immunological toxicity board were included. Immunosuppressive therapy were cyclophosphamide (n=4 pts), infliximab (n=1 pt), intravenous immunoglobulins (n=1 pt). Five of these six patients had corticosteroid-refractory disease and one had corticosteroid-resistant pneumonitis. Five patients had severe pneumonitis (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade ≥3) at initial pneumonitis diagnosis. Two months mortality rate in patients treated with IS was 67% (4/6). Among the patients treated with IS, the two patients alive at 5 months were treated with cyclophosphamide. Conclusion. Patients with ICI-pneumonitis treated by steroids needed IS in 10% of cases. High mortality at 67% of patients was observed in ICI-pneumonitis after steroid failure. Cyclophosphamide could be a treatment option for pneumonitis after corticosteroid failure.
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition inhibition by metformin reduces melanoma lung metastasis in a murine model
Authors: Veloso Emerson Soares , de Carvalho Bárbara Andrade , Silva Felipe Henrique de Souza , Ribeiro Thaís Salviana , Lima Bruna Mendes , Almeida Camila Pereira , Silva Vítor Henrique Soares Romão da , Rocha Sara Aparecida , Campos Marina Rios de Araújo , Puerto Helen Lima Del , Ferreira Enio
Published: July 2022

Melanoma is aggressive cancer with fast metastatic spread and reduced survival time. One common event during the neoplastic progression is the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which enhances invasiveness, cell migration, and metastasis. In this study, we investigated the effects of metformin at EMT in melanoma cell lines B16-F10 and A-375, in vitro, and the impact of EMT downregulation on melanoma progression in vivo. The metformin cells treatment reduces the migration potential in vitro and reduced the development of pulmonary metastases and the expressions of N-cadherin, vimentin, ZEB1, and ZEB2 at the metastases site, in vivo. These results indicate that metformin can promote EMT downregulation impairing the metastatic potential of melanoma cells.
The association of travel distance and severity of odontogenic infections
Authors: Sklavos Anton , Lee Kai , Masood Mohd
Published: July 2022

Background: Odontogenic infections (OI) are a preventable disease which are commonly managed in a tertiary hospital setting. Prevention of severe infections and hospitalisation relies on timely and accessible primary dental care. This study outlines the pre-hospital treatment of patients presenting to hospital with OI’s and the association between travel distance from patients’ residence to a tertiary hospital Oral and Maxillofacial surgical (OMS) unit. Methods: This study analysed patients who initially presented hospital with an OI. Patient demographics, pre-hospital treatment and clinical markers of severity were recorded. The travel distance from the patient’s residence to the hospital was recorded in km, along with any inter-hospital transfer via road/air ambulance. Results: 227 patients were included in this study, 17.2% required an inter-hospital transfer. Of these patients 70.3% had prior treatment before hospitalisation, and antibiotics without source control was the most frequent treatment (83.1%). The mean travel distance for patients with more severe markers of infection significantly greater than patients with minor infections (p=<.001). Patients who required an inter-hospital transfer accounted for most cases with airway compromise requiring ICU admission. Conclusion: This study found that the majority of patients presenting to hospital with an OI had received antibiotics alone as treatment before hospitalisation. The travel distance from a tertiary hospital with OMS services had a significant correlation to more severe infections. This has important public health implications for the allocation of preventative dental services.
Teachers’ framing and dialogic facilitation of Minecraft in the L1 classroom
Authors: Hanghøj Thorkild
Published: July 2022

A fairly large body of research has documented how digital games can be used in L1 education. However, there is still a lack of detailed studies on how literacy teachers go about teaching with games as multimodal texts in the classroom. Revisiting earlier empirical work on the use of the sandbox game Minecraft in primary school, the aim of this paper is to explore how a specific game challenge is enacted in practice as seen from a dialogic perspective. Drawing on theories on games and literacies, dialogic education, and teachers as professional practitioners, the paper presents the Game as Educational Challenge (GEC) model in order to understand how L1 teachers frame specific game challenges and facilitate dialogue with the students in relation to their game experiences. The model is used to reanalyse empirical examples of how teachers from three primary schools adopted a teaching unit with Minecraft through different pedagogical approaches. The findings show not only how the teachers’ framing of the game challenges reflected their familiarity with the game, but also how they taught and related the game challenges to curricular aims in different ways. Moreover, it is found that the teachers negotiated authorial positions quite differently when facilitating classroom discussions with students about their game experiences.
An Education Gift — Integrated Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Skills — for Future Generations to Grow the Economy in the Digital Phase
Authors: Haruka Yoshimori Haruka Yoshimori , Yoshimori Masaaki
Published: July 2022

This paper summarizes arguments driving education policy discussion about a relationship between the growth of the economy and early childhood cognitive and non-cognitive skills. The first finding is that rising Harmonized Test Scores, including PISA test scores, do not contribute to labor productivity per person in high income courtiers in Asia, Europe, and North America. On the other hand, the test scores can drive the economy in high income countries in Africa, Caribbean, Middle East, and South America; upper middle-income countries in Africa, Caribbean, Middle East, Ocean, and South America; low middle-income countries; and low middle-income countries more than high-income countries. The second finding is that rising Harmonized Test Scores (HTS) are likely to connect to labor productivity per hour. By a simple regression by taking a logarithm, this study investigates the relationship between labor productivity per hour and the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) test scores. The coefficient of determination is 0.60. It is not enough to get a sufficient result. Accordingly, the study discusses how labor productivity per hour in high income courtiers in Asia, Europe, and North America is associated with non-cognitive skills. In the digital economic phase, it seems that integrated cognitive skills and non-cognitive skills contribute to labor productivity per hour. We recommend that policymakers should invest in early childhood to not only maintain or improve PISA test scores but also to improve non-cognitive skills associated with psychology. Overall, this paper presents analysis and empirical results, aimed at building a more future-oriented education policy. The audience for this paper includes policymakers, educators, and economists.
Photoproduction of diffractive dijets in Pythia 8
Authors: Helenius Ilkka
Published: July 2022

The new framework for the simulations of hard diffractive events in photoproduction within Pythia 8 is presented. The model, originally introduced for proton-proton collisions, applies the dynamical rapidity gap survival probability based on the multiparton interaction model in Pythia. These additional interactions provide a natural explanation for the observed factorization-breaking effects in hard diffraction by filling up the rapidity gaps used to classify the events of diffractive origin. The generated cross sections are well in line with the existing data from HERA experiments and predictions for the future electron-ion collider are presented. In addition, also predictions for ultra-peripheral collisions at the LHC have been calculated where the factorization-breaking effects are found to be more pronounced.
Transverse spin asymmetries for inclusive $\rho^0$ production in SIDIS at COMPASS
Authors: Kerbizi Albi
Published: July 2022

The production of vector mesons in SIDIS is a particularly
interesting channel to study the polarized fragmentation and related
phenomena. Preliminary COMPASS results for the first measurement of
inclusive \rho^0ρ0
Collins and Sivers transverse-spin asymmetries are presented here for
the first time. The analysis is based on the data-set collected by
COMPASS in 2010 using a 160 GeV/c \mu^+μ+
beam and a transversely polarized NH_3NH3
target. The asymmetries are extracted as function of Bjorken-x, of the
total transverse momentum of the oppositely charged hadron pair and of
the fraction of available energy z carried by the pair. Indications for
positive Collins and Sivers asymmetries are obtained as expected from
models.
Probing quantum entanglement and collectivity effects in e+p collisions at HERA H1
Authors: Sun Chuan
Published: July 2022

Charged particle multiplicity spectra are measured at HERA H1 in DIS
process at \sqrt{s}s=319 GeV. The hadron entropy determined from the
multiplicity spectra is compared to the gluon entropy predicted from a
quantum-entanglement model. On the other hand, observed collective
behaviours in high multiplicity ppA,
pppp
and ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions at RHIC and LHC motivate a study in
epep
collisions. Two- and multi-particle correlations are studied in DIS, as
well as photoproduction events with collision energy \left\langle W_{\gamma p} \right \rangle \sim⟨Wγp⟩∼270
GeV.
Multidimensional, high precision beam spin asymmetry measurements of semi-inclusive pion production off the proton with CLAS12
Authors: Diehl Stefan
Published: July 2022

High precision measurements of the polarized electron beam-spin
asymmetry in SIDIS from the proton have been performed using a 10.6 GeV
incident electron beam and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. The
proceeding reports a multidimensional study of the structure function
ratio F^{sin\phi}_{LU}/F_{UU}FLUsinϕ/FUU
extracted from single pion (\pi^{+}π+,
\pi^{-}π−,
\pi^{0}π0)
SIDIS data over a large kinematic range in
zz,
x_{B}xB,
P_{T}PT
and virtualities Q^{2}Q2
ranging from 1~GeV^22
up to 7~GeV^22.
F^{sin\phi}_{LU}FLUsinϕ
is a twist-3 quantity that can reveal novel properties of quark-gluon
correlations within the nucleon.
Applying Quantum Tomography to Hadronic Interactions
Authors: Martens J. C. , Ralston John , Tapia Takaki Daniel
Published: July 2022

A proper description of inclusive reactions is expressed with density matrices. Quantum tomography reconstructs density matrices from experimental observables. We review recent work that applies quantum tomography to practical experimental data analysis. Almost all field-theoretic formalism and modeling used in a traditional approach is circumvented with great efficiency. Tomographically-determined density matrices can express information about quantum systems which cannot in principle be expressed with distributions defined by classical probability. Topics such as entanglement and von Neumann entropy can be accessed using the same natural language where they are defined. A deep relation exists between separability, as defined in quantum information science, and factorization, as defined in high energy physics. Factorization acquires a non-perturbative definition when expressed in terms of a conditional form of separability. An example illustrates how to go from data for momentum 4-vectors to a density matrix while bypassing almost all the formalism of the Standard Model.
DIS physics at the EIC and LHeC and connections to the future LHC and $\nu$A programs
Authors: Hobbs Timothy
Published: July 2022

Deeply-inelastic scattering (DIS) stands to enter a golden age with
the prospect of precision programs at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC)
and Large Hadron-electron Collider (LHeC). While these programs will be
of considerable importance to resolving longstanding issues in
(non)perturbative QCD as well as hadronic and nuclear structure, they
will also have valuable implications for a wider range of physics at the
Energy and Intensity Frontiers, including at the High-Luminosity LHC
(HL-LHC) and future \nu AνA
facilities. In this plenary contribution, we highlight a number of
salient examples of the potential HEP impact from the complementary EIC
and LHeC programs drawn from their respective Yellow Report and
Whitepaper. Interested readers are encouraged to consult the extensive
studies and literature from which these examples are taken for more
detail.
Diffractive dissociation in future electron-ion colliders
Authors: Le Anh Dung
Published: July 2022

We study diffractive scattering cross sections, focusing on the rapidity gap distribution in realistic kinematics at future electron-ion colliders. Our study consists in numerical solutions of the QCD evolution equations in both fixed and running coupling frameworks. The fixed and the running coupling equations are shown to lead to different shapes for the rapidity gap distribution. The obtained distribution when the coupling is fixed exhibits a shape characteristic of a recently developed model for diffractive dissociation, which indicates the relevance of the study of that diffractive observable for the partonic-level understanding of diffraction.
The ATLAS Tile Calorimeter performance and its upgrade towards the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider
Authors: Mckenzie Ryan
Published: July 2022

The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is a sampling calorimeter that forms the central region of the hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment. This sub-detector is to undergo its Phase-II upgrade during long-shutdown 3, in the years from 2025 to mid 2027, in preparation for the start of operation of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) in 2027. In this proceeding, an overview of the TileCal HL-LHC on-detector electronics upgrade is provided. The detectors Run-II performance in the cases of EM scale calibration, calorimeter response, cell energy distribution and noise as well as a portion of the 2015-2018 Test-beam campaigns results are examined.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING DENTAL HYGIENE AMONG SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN IN A SELECTED SCHOOL OF DELHI
Authors: a Mala , Mill Suparna , b Sapna , Grewal Kritika , Markose Jitty , Aggarwal Sakshi , Bisht Meghna , Jaswal Aastha
Published: July 2022

A descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding dental hygiene among school going children in a selected school of Delhi. A sample of 100 students , who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected using simple random sampling method. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge on dental hygiene among school students. Data was collected from 8th and 9th class students attending a selected school of Delhi.The data analysis and interpretation was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study result reveal that basic oral hygiene knowledge and practice of the studied participants were good and study suggested to improve advanced knowledge in children.
UNIVERSAL TOWNSHIP OF AUROVILLE, INDIA - A UNIQUE EXPERIMENT
Authors: Nene Supriya
Published: July 2022

Auroville came into existence about forty years ago in the state of Tamilnadu in India. Initially, it was just a barren piece of land, on which now stands a global township consisting of almost two million trees, home to many animals, birds, and insect species, and over three thousand people living at present, from 60 different nationalities, in peace and harmony. This paper studies morphological aspects of Auroville, including the genesis of the idea of the universal township, philosophy, and the vision of shri Aurobindo - a spiritual reformer, and his disciple - the mother, unique planning and development, ecology and architecture and the process of evolution. Auroville has given a new idea of Universal Township based on the vision of peace, humanity, and spiritual well-being to the world.
AN UNCOMMON STEMI MASQUERADER: A CASE OF IMIPRAMINE INDUCED BRUGADA PHENOCOPY (BRP)
Authors: Hari Lalith Reddy Kovvuri , Sajit Kishan Gollapalli , Satyendra Kumar A.
Published: July 2022

Brugada syndrome(BrS) is an arrhythmogenic disorder characterized by a bulging ST-segment elevation and a J-point elevation of at least 2 mm in at least two of the right precordial electrocardiogram (ECG) leads (V1-3). It has an incidence of 4 to 12% in sudden cardiac death (SCD) patients due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF). The Brugada type 1 ECG pattern may occur in various conditions independent of the actual syndrome, and this clinical phenomenon is often referred to as Brugada phenocopy (BrP). A wide variety of other drugs have been reported to unmask or induce Brugada phenotype which may otherwise be concealed, including antianginals, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and antihistamines. In this article, we present a case of Drug-induced BrP due to Imipramine. A 60-year-old hypertensive female patientwith 3 days of chest pain, who was referred to us as possible Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) by a general practitioner. She had a history of psychiatric illness and her ECG showed type 1 Brugada pattern with elevation of the J point with an elevation of the curved ST segment in leads V1 to V3. We found that the patient had been taking imipramine for 8 years due to her psychiatric disorder. Psychiatric opinion was sought and drug induced Brugada was suspected following which Imipramine was discontinued. After 2 weeks of follow-up there was resolution of the ST-T changes on the ECG, supporting the diagnosis of drug-induced BrP.
ADENOFIBROMATOSE MULTIPLE : A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors:   Service de Radiologie - CHU Hassan II. Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed BenAbdellah. Fes, Maroc., Haloua Meriem , Saoud Karam ,   Service de gynecologie obstetrique 1 - CHU Hassan II. Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed BenAbdellah. Fes, Maroc., El Bouardi Nizar ,   Service de Radiologie - CHU Hassan II. Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed BenAbdellah. Fes, Maroc., Eddine Alami Badre ,   Service de Radiologie - CHU Hassan II. Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed BenAbdellah. Fes, Maroc., Alaoui Lamrani Youssef ,   Service de Radiologie - CHU Hassan II. Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed BenAbdellah. Fes, Maroc., Maaroufi Mustapha ,   Service de Radiologie - CHU Hassan II. Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed BenAbdellah. Fes, Maroc., El Fatemi Hinde ,   Service danatomie pathologique- CHU Hassan II. Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed BenAbdellah. Fes, Maroc., Banani Abdelaziz ,   Service de gynecologie obstetrique 1 - CHU Hassan II. Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed BenAbdellah. Fes, Maroc., Boubbou Meryeme ,   Service de Radiologie - CHU Hassan II. Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed BenAbdellah. Fes, Maroc.
Published: July 2022

Fibroadenomas are the most common tumors in women of childbearing age, especially young women under the age of 30. The majority of biopsied ACR4A lesions correspond to adenofibromas. Usually these are solid, oval, well defined, with regular contours, lobulated (â‰¥4 lobulations).We present the case of a 17-year-old girl, who has multiple fibroadenomas, about 36 lesions. The majority of fibroadenomas are unique, however, multiple fibroadenomas can be observed in 15-20% of cases. The average number of multiple fibroadenomas in a single breast has been reported to be 2-4. Management requires long-term follow-up.