bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The linear growth of roach infected with Ligula Intestinalis plerocercoids in the Chivyrkuysky Bay of the lake Baikal
Authors: Дугаров  , Dugarov Zh. , Ринчинов  , Rinchinov Z.
Published: January 2017

Objective of research: The purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of Ligula intestinalis plerocercoids on linear growth of roach Rutilus rutilus in the Chivyrkuysky bay of the lake Baikal.

Materials and methods. Roach was caught on a permanent station in the Monakhovo creek of Chivyrkuysky bay of the lake Baikal at the same time interval (June 25-July 5) in 1997-2005. The analysis of roach infection with L. intestinalis plerocercoids was performed based on incomplete parasitological dissections of 807 host specimens at the age of 0+ to 10+. Standard body length (the distance from the tip of the snout to the anterior end of the caudal fin) was used to characterize the linear growth of roach.

Results and discussion. L. intestinalis plerocercoids wasn’t found out in underyearlings (0+) of roach. The host began to be infected with this tapeworm at the age of 1+. The maximum infection level with L. intestinalis plerocercoids was observed in roach at the age of 3+. That one was significantly reduced in the age of 4+. The infection level of roach with L. intestinalis continued to decrease in the next age groups, going down to a minimum at the age of 7+. The roach wasn’t infected with this tapeworm at the age of 8+–10+. A significant reduction of the infection level in the roach in the age classes 4+ and older after the maximum at the age of 3+ was probably associated with parasite-induced mortality of the host during the growth of the age group 3+ to 4+.

A standard body length of roach specimens infected with L. intestinalis at the age of 1+ and 2+ was greater than that of uninfected ones. In contrast, the standard body length of the roach specimens infected with this tapeworm was less than that of uninfected ones in subsequent age classes (3 + -6 +). Differences of standard body length between roach specimens infected with L. intestinalis and uninfected ones were statistically significant in the above-mentioned age groups (1 + 6 +). The effect of L. intestinalis plerocercoids on the linear growth of the roach in Chivyrkuysky Bay of the lake Baikal was manifested in an increase of body length of infected host specimens compared to uninfected ones in young age groups (1+ and 2+) and, vice versa, in one’s decrease in age groups 3+–6 +. We proposed to call this effect “reversive”.
Methodical guidelines for diagnostics, treatment and prevention of canine babesiosis in the central area of the Russian Federation
Authors: Никулина  , Nikulina O. , Новак  , Novak Mikhail , Енгашев  , YEngashyev Syergyey
Published: January 2017

Objective of research: to study distribution and features of epizootic process at canine babesiosis in the central area of the Russian Federation as well as improvement of diagnostics, treatment and prevention measures.

Materials and methods: Definition of species composition and number of ticks (Ixodidae) on dogs. Statistical analysis of veterinary reports from regional veterinary stations of the Ryazan region. Laboratory microscopic and serological diagnostic test for canine babesiosis.

Results and discussion: Seasonal dynamics of activity of ixodid tick Dermacentor reticulatus (April — June and August — October); maximal extensity of invasion with Babesia spp. (75%); average level of parasitemia in acute and super-sharp form of babesiosis in spring and autumn; clinical parameters of non-sterile immunity in adult and young animals; dependence of the degree of the severity of disease on the age of dogs were determined.

The maximum parasitemia was observed in young (7-23%) and old (6-30%) animals. The average parasitemia was determined in dogs at the age of 3-7 years were 5-11%. The results of hematological and biochemical research revealed that severe acute canine babesiosis is characterized by erythropenia, decreased level of hemoglobin, haematocrit and thrombocytes, leukocytosis, increased level blood bilirubin (by 3-25 times), urea (1,5-5) and creatinine (1,2-3), reduced glucose level (up to 50%).

In babesiosis of light and mild severity, the above-mentioned changes of hematological and biochemical parameters in dogs were not significant. Latent canine babesiosis might be diagnosed by serological test (RAHА) on antibodies to Babesia spp. High efficiency of domestic drugs Babesan (EE = 96,5%), Forticarb (EE = 93,3%), Piro-Stop (EE = 90,9%), Veriben (EE = 82,3%), Neosidin (EE = 75%) for babesiosis in dogs was determined.

The drug Emidonol which has antioxydantic and antihypocsantic properties and was used within 5-7 days for dog treatment, promotes prevention of complications in the form of heart and respiratory failure, and reduction of recovery time. Efficiency of the drug «Bars spot-on» (containing ivermectin) applied against ixodid ticks was detected. Repellent efficiency of the essential oil-based collars «Bar», «Fitodoc» and «Chetyre s hvosticom» used against ixodidosis of dogs, was confirmed, the duration of their action is from 160 to 180 days.
HUMAN FACTOR IN BUREAUCRATIC ORGANIZATIONS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS
Authors: Суханова  , Sukhanova Gulshat , Титов  , Titov Vladimir
Published: January 2017

This article is the attempt to trace the evolution of attitudes to bureaucracy and bureaucratic organization in the works of classical and contemporary economic theory and sociology, as well as to answer the question about the mutual influence of the human factor and the properties of bureaucratic organization. The article pays attention to the emergence and development of the term “bureaucracy” and to the features of models of effective bureaucratic organizations of various authors. We invite your attention to the results of some field studies that demonstrate the discrepancies between the ideal model of bureaucracy and functioning organizations. However, the authors conclude that the bureaucratic structure is able not only to restrict individual freedoms, but to protect its interests and provide opportunities for self-realization.
EXPERT SYSTEMS IN THE MODERNIZATION OF PERSONNEL POLICY IN THE REGION
Authors: Макаров  , Makarov S.
Published: January 2017

The article discusses the modernization of personnel policy at the regional level. The article analyzes areas of personnel policy, which are grouped according to their object of concentration. The author lists the constituent elements of the state policy and regional staff policy, justifies their substantial party. It is proposed to use as a resource for the modernization of regional personnel policy expert systems. Dynamics of scientific approaches to expert systems is studied; their role in the management process is justified. Markers of modernization processes are selected, sociological methods to track the dynamics of modernization in the regional personnel policy are given, based on local expert systems. Directions for use of expert systems in the regional modernization practices are considered. The areas are: the creation of expert communities; the development of a technological platform to ensure the operation of expert systems; establishment of mechanisms a qualitative analysis of the needs of the labor market in specialists of different professional orientation; creation of the maps of the professional and sectoral mobility; development of methods of information support of subjects of labour relations (employers, employees, Federal and municipal authorities).
ANALYSIS OF WELL-BEING FORMING FACTORS, QUALITY OF LIFE AND HAPPINESS OF STUFF, AT THE EXAMPLE OF SCIENTIFIC PEDAGOGICAL STAFF OF RUSSIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Щетинина  , Shchetinina D. , Яковлева  , Yakovleva Elena
Published: January 2017

The article is devoted to the investigation of happiness level, well-being and life quality of scientific pedagogical staff (SPS). The paper identifies the main factors that influence at the objective and subjective sense of SPS happiness, explores different approaches to the research of well-being and life quality of individuals and society in general, detects the features of professional SPS activity. This article is also performs the impact of professionally significant factors on the subjective feeling of well-being and life quality satisfaction by SPS. The profile of happy SPS was composed as well. Analysis of well-being and quality of life was based on a survey of income, health, social capital, and other factors that are included in the category of happiness. The study allowed to establish the relationship between the factors of well-being and motivation factors of the SPS.
DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL SYSTEM OF QUALIFICATIONS IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION: PRACTICE OF APPLICATION OF PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS
Authors: Бутова  , Butova S. , Скачкова  , Skachkova Liudmila , Несоленая  , Nesolenaya O.
Published: January 2017

Currently, human resources management system in the Russian Federation at the micro and macro levels has serious transformation in connection with the formation

and development of the National Qualifications Framework: professional standards were put in July 2016; national system of assessment of qualifications will start

function in January 2017. The article provides an overview of national qualifications systems, including the European Qualifications Framework. The authors analyze

the causes of the development stages and implementation of professional standards in Russia; present in detail the problems of implementation and use of professional standards in the practice of human resource management of modern organizations.
Updates in Nutrition Support for Critically III Adult Patients
Authors: Mulherin Diana Wells , Cogle Sarah V.
Published: January 2017

Specialized nutrition support is often employed in critically ill patients who are unable to maintain volitional intake. The Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.) recently updated guidelines for the provision of nutrition support in critically ill patients. The purpose of this review is to summarize key changes from the previous guidelines as they relate to recently published literature, which will aid the hospital pharmacist in optimizing nutrition support therapies in the critical care setting.
Expanded Roles for Pharmacy Technicians in the Medication Reconciliation Process: A Qualitative Review
Authors: Irwin Adriane N. , Ham Youngyoon , Gerrity Theresa M.
Published: January 2017

Background

Collection of a complete and accurate medication history is an essential component of the medication reconciliation process. The role of pharmacy technicians in supporting medication reconciliation has been the subject of recent interest.

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature on pharmacy technician involvement in the medication reconciliation process and to summarize outcomes on the quality and accuracy of pharmacy technician–collected medication histories.

Method

A literature review was conducted using MEDLINE and Academic Search Premier (1948 – April 2015).

Results

Sixteen papers were identified, with 12 containing a formal evaluation of outcomes. Three were purely descriptive, and 9 compared the pharmacy technician's performance to pharmacists, nurses, physicians, and/or interdisciplinary teams. Studies used a variety of endpoints, but they demonstrated similar or improved outcomes by engaging pharmacy technicians. Evidence demonstrates that trained pharmacy technicians are able to gather medication histories with similar completeness and accuracy to other health care professionals.

Conclusion

The use of pharmacy technicians may be a viable strategy for developing and expanding medication reconciliation processes with appropriate supervision. Future efforts should focus on evaluating the impact of expanded roles for pharmacy technicians in the health care system; assessing the need for standardization of pharmacy technician education, training, and certification; and obtaining clarification from state pharmacy boards regarding these expanded roles.
Innovations in Medication Preparation Safety and Wastage Reduction: Use of a Workflow Management System in a Pediatric Hospital
Authors: Davis Stephen Jerome , Hurtado Josephine , Nguyen Rosemary , Huynh Tran , Lindon Ivan , Hudnall Cedric , Bork Sara
Published: January 2017

Background

USP <797> regulatory requirements have mandated that pharmacies improve aseptic techniques and cleanliness of the medication preparation areas. In addition, the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) recommends that technology and automation be used as much as possible for preparing and verifying compounded sterile products.

Objective

To determine the benefits associated with the implementation of the workflow management system, such as reducing medication preparation and delivery errors, reducing quantity and frequency of medication errors, avoiding costs, and enhancing the organization's decision to move toward positive patient identification (PPID).

Methods

At Texas Children's Hospital, data were collected and analyzed from January 2014 through August 2014 in the pharmacy areas in which the workflow management system would be implemented. Data were excluded for September 2014 during the workflow management system oral liquid implementation phase. Data were collected and analyzed from October 2014 through June 2015 to determine whether the implementation of the workflow management system reduced the quantity and frequency of reported medication errors. Data collected and analyzed during the study period included the quantity of doses prepared, number of incorrect medication scans, number of doses discontinued from the workflow management system queue, and the number of doses rejected. Data were collected and analyzed to identify patterns of incorrect medication scans, to determine reasons for rejected medication doses, and to determine the reduction in wasted medications. Results: During the 17-month study period, the pharmacy department dispensed 1,506,220 oral liquid and injectable medication doses. From October 2014 through June 2015, the pharmacy department dispensed 826,220 medication doses that were prepared and checked via the workflow management system. Of those 826,220 medication doses, there were 16 reported incorrect volume errors. The error rate after the implementation of the workflow management system averaged 8.4%, which was a 1.6% reduction. After the implementation of the workflow management system, the average number of reported oral liquid medication and injectable medication errors decreased to 0.4 and 0.2 times per week, respectively.

Conclusion

The organization was able to achieve its purpose and goal of improving the provision of quality pharmacy care through optimal medication use and safety by reducing medication preparation errors. Error rates decreased and the workflow processes were streamlined, which has led to seamless operations within the pharmacy department. There has been significant cost avoidance and waste reduction and enhanced interdepartmental satisfaction due to the reduction of reported medication errors.
Lixisenatide
Authors: Baker Danial E. , Levien Terri L.
Published: January 2017

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive 5 to 6 well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committees. Subscribers also receive monthly 1-page summary monographs on agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation/medication use evaluation (DUE/MUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are are available online to subscribers. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of a facility. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. For more information about The Formulary Monograph Service, contact Wolters Kluwer customer service at 866-397-3433. The January 2017 monograph topics are bezlotoxumab, buprenorphine buccal, defazacort, dupilumab, and olaratumab. The DUE is on buprenorphine buccal.
Understanding Human Over-reliance on Technology; It's Exelan, Not Exelon; Crash Cart Drug Mix-up; Risk with Entering a “Test Order”
Authors: Cohen Michael R. , Smetzer Judy L.
Published: January 2017

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them at your inservice training programs.

Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) Medication Errors Reporting Program. Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.

Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported directly to ISMP through the ISMP Web site ( www.ismp.org ), by calling 800-FAIL-SAFE, or via e-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters' wishes as to the level of detail included in publications.
Percepções Sobre Novembro Azul com Foco na Saúde Mental: Intervenção junto a uma Escola de Vigilantes
Authors: Azevedo Ismael De Mendonça
Published: January 2017

Resumo: O Objetivo deste trabalho é identificar o conhecimento do gênero masculino quanto ao movimento conhecido por Novembro Azul e despertar nos alunos de uma Escola de Vigilantes um diálogo de interesse sobre a promoção à saúde com foco específico na saúde mental no período deste movimento, dentro de uma perspectiva de promoção e bem estar integral ao gênero, diante de uma expectativa que vise propiciar a elaboração de conceitos quanto a Saúde Mental ao tempo que se propõe destacar o papel do Psicólogo no processo do cuidado em Saúde Mental. Para o alcance deste objetivo fora feita visita a Unidade Básica de Saúde para compreensão das dificuldades quando às demandas do gênero masculino e pesquisas quanto ao Novembro Azul e a saúde masculina nas bases Scielo e Google Acadêmico. De posse das pesquisas e da compreensão das demandas, elaborou-se uma dinâmica de grupo para aplicação junto aos alunos da Escola de Vigilantes, além de um momento expositivo sobre a ótica atual do Novembro Azul como perspectiva holística de cuidado à saúde, motivação que também insere a saúde mental. Com o estudo conclui-se que o conhecimento dos homens quanto ao Novembro azul está vinculado à percepção de que o câncer da próstata é o único fator deste movimento. Igualmente, há um desconhecimento geral quanto à visão da saúde mental como uma das formas de cuidado masculino a saúde.
Bruxas, Mito ou Realidade: A Educação Feminina no Período Medieval
Authors: Teixeira Cheila Cristina Dos Santos , Bezerra Lireida Maria Albuquerque
Published: January 2017

Histórias de bruxas sempre fascinam pela magia e mistério que rodam suas figuras. Boas ou más, elas sempre fizeram parte do imaginário infantil nos mais diversos contos, passados por nossos pais e avôs de geração à geração. Quem não conhece uma boa história de bruxa ou não se lembra uma mulher feia com uma grande verruga no nariz? Contudo, será que elas realmente existiram ou foram criadas apenas com o intuito de educar através do medo, tão comum em épocas mais remotas? O presente estudo tem como objetivo elucidar o mistério envolvendo essas mulheres, voltando o olhar para a Idade Média, procurando identificá-las e por que assim eram consideradas. Através de um estudo bibliográfico o trabalho mostrará quem eram essas mulheres, que tipo de educação elas tinham e que se nos deixaram algum legado. Torna-se relevante por desmistificar a figura da bruxa como ela é conhecida nos dias atuais.
Homossexualidade: um debate necessário no Ensino Fundamental?
Authors: Sampaio Artur Livônio Tavares de , Lucas Iarê Andrade
Published: January 2017

Estudo sobre a homossexualidade, trazendo visões jurídicas, psicológicas e da medicina. Catalogando o que diz a legislação a respeito e o que poderia ser feito a luz das políticas públicas. Posto que, as políticas públicas são o canal propiciador da introdução de tal conteúdo nas escolas. Pesquisa baseada nos ensinamentos de autores, como Fernão Barbosa Riezo e Maria Luiza Silveira Teles, experientes no tema, que engrandecem a discussão e desmistificam preconceitos.
Educação Física no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Guedes José Demontier , Oliveira Antônia Ruth De , De Paulo Iraneuma Cosmo
Published: January 2017

Este trabalho contém informações sobre a situação da Educação Física no Ensino Fundamental. Tem como objetivo geral conhecer o ensino da disciplina de educação física no ensino fundamental. Em relação aos objetivos específicos, busca-se observar o método de ensino quanto à teoria e pratica da disciplina, conhecer como a escola desperta o interesse dos alunos em participar das aulas da mesma, observa a relação do professor e aluno, pesquisar a opinião dos alunos com relação às aulas de educação física, verificar o progresso dos alunos durante a disciplina. A metodologia aplicada pelas próprias autoras que realizaram um questionário onde foi apurado informações dos professores e coordenadores da escola sobre a qualidade do ensino e a aprendizagem dos alunos. “A educação física é um processo pedagógico que visa à formação de cada ser humano, onde o professor busca conhecimentos para se qualificar dentro desse meio, que é a educação”. Tendo como finalidade criar novas técnicas de aprendizagem para se ter uma boa aula onde todos os alunos queiram participar.
Didática aplicada aos conteúdos sobre o Meio Ambiente na E. E. F Profª Iva Emidio Gondim na Cidade de Juazeiro do Norte-CE
Authors: Rodrigues Penha Sebastião Da Silva
Published: January 2017

O tema proposto para este trabalho refere-se a um estudo sobre como são trabalhadas as questões ambientais na escola. A temática abordada no âmbito da escola pública na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte e os desafios pertinentes a este modelo, sobre tudo, visando sempre à participação coletiva. A educação encontrou ao longo do tempo praticas que aperfeiçoaram a aprendizagem colocando o professor e a família, esta mesmo que de forma pouco contundente na árdua missão de conscientização sobre os atos de preservação do meio ambiente o qual encontra-se tão degradado na atualidade. A pesquisa foi realizada na E. E.F Professora Iva Emídio Gondim localizada na zona urbana da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte-CE. Foram coletados os dados cuja analise encontram-se neste trabalho. Contudo, constatou-se de fato que os professore trabalham a conscientização ambiental, sobretudo afirmando que eles têm grande responsabilidade na formação cidadã pelo bom exemplo que podem dar às outras pessoas e, sobretudo tomar entendimento acerca das consequencias e o que podem fazer para preservar o meio ambiente, disseminando tal conhecimento para sociedade.
A Educação à Distância como Estratégia Pedagógica
Authors: Silva Erinaldo Monteiro da , Beserra Theóphilo Michel Álvares Cabral
Published: January 2017

O desenvolvimento das chamadas tecnologias colocou o ser humano no topo da cadeia alimentar no planeta Terra, mas há de se refletir que sem os estudos básicos nenhuma destas chamadas ciências tecnológicas existiriam. A humanidade passou por uma evolução em suas descobertas e gerações passaram sem experimentar aquilo que elas mesmas começaram a descobrir, o seu legado suscitou curiosidades nas gerações futuras que aprimoraram e desenvolveram estudos anteriores, mas para poderem assim fazerem, foram beneficiadas por mecanismos de transmissão desenvolvidos por este mesmo homem descobridor. Dentro destas ferramentas de transmissão apresentaram-se as artes como desenvolvimento de signos, desenhos que mais tarde traduzidos revelaram suas mensagens, formas de arquivar estes conhecimentos e transmiti-los também se aperfeiçoaram e hoje o homem faz uso mas uma vez de sua capacidade inventiva e transforma as chamadas tecnologias da informação e comunicação em sua aliada na perpetuação e transmissão dos saberes. A educação a distância apresenta-se mais presente do que nunca nesse contexto e se valida como potência educacional, encurtando distâncias e aproximando os personagens do universo do conhecimento, a presente pesquisa, que está embasada em estudos bibliográficos, tentará mostrar como essa ferramenta tem contribuído para a nossa atual geração no tocante a democratização da educação.
Psicologia e Educação Infantil: Desafios atuais
Authors: Silvana Francimária Sousa Santos , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: January 2017

O presente estudo é fruto de análise crítica da atual situação escolar infantil pública no que concerne ao acompanhamento e presença do psicólogo em sua equipe permanente. As relações estabelecidas entre a psicologia e o espaço escolar emergem como alicerce para desenvolver e ampliar as discussões aqui afloradas. Enquanto objetivos desta pesquisa encontram-se: identificar as atribuições do psicólogo escolar, discutir acerca da necessidade de sua inclusão e os possíveis fatores que ora implicam na sua ausência de forma mais incisiva e eficaz no contexto educacional. Este trabalho caracteriza-se metodologicamente uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico. Evoluindo em suas categorias desde a escolha e organização do referencial, a sua consequente exploração, finalizando com os resultados interpretações e inferências. É importante ressaltar o quanto o profissional da psicologia se faz necessário na mediação das relações existentes neste espaço educacional. A ausência deste profissional torna-se preocupante, o que atribui  a esta pesquisa um caráter de relevância por suscitar questionamentos e proposições importantes a esta temática, permitindo considerações e contribuições futuras de profissionais afins.
Considerações sobre a Educação Ambiental no Brasil
Authors: Mota Neiva Menezes Pereira
Published: January 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever sobre “como trabalhar a Educação Ambiental no ensino brasileiro”, buscando compreender como o sistema educacional pode proporcionar aos indivíduos uma concepção crítica e integral de conservação do espaço no qual estar inserido. Tendo como alicerce as teorias de renomados escritores. Portanto, trata-se um estudo bibliográfico de caráter qualitativo, tendo como justificativa o interesse de ampliar os conhecimentos sobre o tema e questão.  Tendo as Escolas brasileiras como elemento primordial para a prática efetiva da Educação Ambiental, garantindo, assim, a obtenção ou concepção de uma consciência ecológica por meio de uma aprendizagem, autônoma, crítica e participativa. Assinalando para a necessidade de um ensino agregado e globalizado, induzindo o educando, ainda, na pré-escolar a ser consciente da sua responsabilidade para com o meio ambiente, bem como a apreciar e assinalar os diversos relacionamentos sociais, inclusive ao que estar inserido.
Densidade de plantio em rosas das cultivares 'Avalanche' e 'Carola' em Lages-SC
Authors: Bastos Fernanda Espíndola Assumpção , Lerin Sabrina , Allebrandt Ricardo , Kretzschmar Aike Anneliese , Rufato Leo
Published: January 2017

The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity of the Avalanche and Carola roses cultivars, with white and red color, respectively, in three planting densities in the municipality of Lages-SC. The experiment was implemented at the Santa Catarina State University campus (UDESC), spacing 1.0 m between rows and 30, 40 and 50 cm between plants, totaling 168 m² of experiment in a protected environment. During harvesting the stems were cut with the largest possible stem length, leaving one yolk for the next budding. The evaluated variables were: flower stems production per plant, yield per area (floral stems / m²), floral stem mass (g), stem length (cm), floral button length (cm). The treatments consisted of two roseberry cultivars: Avalanche and Carola and three planting densities: 2.2, 2.5 and 3.3 plants per m². In each block, treatments were arranged at random, organized into subdivided plots. The plots were the cultivars and the subplots were the planting densities. Each subplot was composed of six plants, totaling 18 plants per plot and 144 plants throughout the experiment. The density of 3.3 plants / m² increased yield per growing area, without interfering in the quality of the floral stems of the cultivars Avalanche and Carola. The cultivar Carola produces longer flower stems than the cultivar Avalanche.
Information quality, homophily, and risk propensity: Consumer responses to online hotel reviews
Authors: Kusumasondjaja Sony
Published: January 2017

Searching through online review sites becomes an alternative for consumers to o btain product information. The efficiency and effectiveness in finding quality info rmation on the online review sites contributes to the popularity of online review sitesamong consumers at the moment. There are some previous studies discussing consumer trust on hotels being reviewed on online review sites, but the roles of info rmation quality, homophily, and consumer risk propensity as antecedents of trust and online purchase intention are still questionable. The purpose of this study is to investigate how information quality, homophily, and consumer risk propensity affect consumer trust on hotels being reviewed on online review sites and on intention to make a reservation. A survey involving 430 young travelers from 16 countries was conducted in popular tourist destination. Results confirm that informationquality influences consumers’ trust on hotel being reviewed and intention to make reservation. Moreover, consumer online trust is also found to affect intention to make reservation.
The role of auditor in whistleblower system: The cases in Indonesia
Authors: Uswatun Dewi Nurul Hasanah , Djuwito Djuwito , Wilopo Romanus
Published: January 2017

In 2012, the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners stated that 43% of frauds are detected by tip money. The role of tips for the people is a crucial factor in disclosing frauds. Most often, company frauds are revealed by a whistle blower. This study attempts to observe the dimensions of the existence and role of the organization of internal auditors and the witness protection agency as external factors influencing an internal auditor to become a whistle-blower. It also explores the effects of the internal auditor competencies, the moral attitude of the internal auditor, and the ethical behavior of company’s internal auditors as internal factors influencing an internal auditor on being a whistle-blower. The independent auditors are considered as the population as they are often connected with the internal auditors. They need the information from the internal auditor about fraud or abuse in the company. Questionnaires were mailed to them and analyzed using Partial Least Squares. It showed that only the ethical behavior of company’s internal auditors influenced them to be whistle blowers coupled by a witness protection program. To develop sound corporate governance in Indonesia,a whistle blower system is needed with emphasis on a strong witness protection. At present, Indonesia does not have the whistle blower act.
Effects of N‐acetyl‐seryl‐asparyl‐lysyl‐proline on blood pressure, renal damage, and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Nakagawa Pablo , Masjoan‐Juncos Juan X. , Basha Heba , Janic Branislava , Worou Morel E. , Liao Tang‐Dong , Romero Cesar A. , Peterson Edward L. , Carretero Oscar A.
Published: January 2017

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a high prevalence of hypertension. NZBWF1 (SLE‐Hyp) mice develop hypertension that can be prevented by modulating T cells. The peptide N‐acetyl‐seryl‐aspartyl‐lysyl‐proline (Ac‐SDKP) decreases renal damage and improves renal function in a model of SLE without hypertension (MRL/lpr). However, it is not known whether Ac‐SDKP prevents hypertension in NZBWF1 mice. We hypothesized that in SLE‐Hyp, Ac‐SDKP prevents hypertension and renal damage by modulating T cells. Animals were divided into four groups: (1) control + vehicle, (2) control + Ac‐SDKP, (3) SLE + vehicle, and (4) SLE + Ac‐SDKP. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), albuminuria, renal fibrosis, and T‐cell phenotype were analyzed. SBP was higher in SLE compared to control mice and was not decreased by Ac‐SDKP treatment. Half of SLE mice developed an acute and severe form of hypertension accompanied by albuminuria followed by death. Ac‐SDKP delayed development of severe hypertension, albuminuria, and early mortality, but this delay did not reach statistical significance. Ac‐SDKP prevented glomerulosclerosis, but not interstitial fibrosis in SLE‐Hyp mice. SLE‐Hyp mice showed a decrease in helper and cytotoxic T cells as well as an increase in double negative lymphocytes and T helper 17 cells, but these cells were unaffected by Ac‐SDKP. In conclusion, Ac‐SDKP prevents kidney damage, without affecting blood pressure in an SLE animal model. However, during the acute relapse of SLE, Ac‐SDKP might also delay the manifestation of an acute and severe form of hypertension leading to early mortality. Ac‐SDKP is a potential tool to treat renal damage in SLE‐Hyp mice.
The role of willowherbs (Epilobium) in the recovery of vegetation cover a year after use of herbicide: a case study from Central Lithuania / Ožkarožių (Epilobium) vaidmuo atsikuriant augalijai praėjus metams po herbicido panaudojimo: tyrimas centrinėje Lietuvos dalyje
Authors: Matulevičiūtė Dalytė
Published: January 2017

Several species of willowherb (Epilobium) are considered as agricultural weeds and their prevalence has become an increasing problem in agriculture. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of willowherb plants in the initial stage of vegetation succession a year after the use of glyphosate. The study was based on the examination of thirteen willowherb specimens collected in the apple orchard of 0.2 ha area in August 2008, one month after glyphosate treatment, and vegetation field investigations in the same orchard in July 2009. The coverage of herb layer, the abundance and life stages of Epilobium plants in twenty plots of 1 m2in size were investigated. The specimens of willowherbs, which survived the glyphosate application in 2008, were identified as Epilobium ciliatum and E. tetragonum. A year after the glyphosate treatment, the willowherb plants prevailed in the vegetation. One alien (E. ciliatum) and three native (E. hirsutum, E. parviflorum and E. tetragonum) species of willowherb were found. E. ciliatum was the most abundant. This species was characterized by the highest number of reproductive and virginile plants. E. parviflorum and E. tetragonum plants were abundant with a very high proportion of reproductive plants. Only pre-reproductive plants of E. hirsutum occurred in the study plots. The reproductive plants represented more than one third of the total number of willowherb plants. The distribution patterns of willowherb species in the plots were very variable.
Effect of plant growth regulators and organic manure on some morphological characters, biomass and essential oil yield of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica) / Augalų augimo reguliatorių ir organinių trąšų poveikis darželinės žiomenės (Dracocephalum moldavica) morfologiniams požymiams, biomasei ir eterinio aliejaus išeigai
Authors: Nasiri Yousef
Published: January 2017

To study the effect of farmyard manure and plant growth regulators on yield and essential oils of dragonhead, an outdoor experiment was conducted in Maragheh, Iran. The experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Three amounts of farmyard manure (FYM) including 0, 10 and 20 t/ha together with foliar growth regulators including 0, salicylic acid (SA), ascorbic acid (ASc) and SA + ASc were used. The results revealed that application of 10 and 20 t/ha farmyard manure significantly increased plant height and the number of lateral stems. However, application of 20 t/ha led to the increase of the number of the main and flowering stems, biomass and essential oil percentage of dragonhead compared to control. The effect of growth regulators on the number of lateral and flowering stems, and biomass was significant: foliar application of SA and ASc separately or in combination increased the number of lateral stems; however, the number of flowering stems and biomass of dragonhead increased only when both growth regulators were used in combination (SA + ASc). The results also indicated that the highest length of inflorescence (13.57 cm) and essential oil yield (41.83 kg/ha), by 31.4 and 126.3% increment, respectively, were observed under foliar application of 20 t/ha farmyard manure together with SA + ASc application compared to the control.
Wheat biochemical response to cadmium toxicity under Funneliformis mosseae and Piriformospora indica symbiosis / Kviečių, esančių simbiozėje su Funneliformis mosseae ir Piriformospora indica, biocheminis atsakas į kadmio toksinį poveikį
Authors: Shahabivand Saleh , Aliloo Ali Asghar , Maivan Hassan Zare
Published: January 2017

The effects of root endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae were investigated on some biochemical parameters in leaves and roots of Triticum aestivum cv. ‘Sardari39’ under Cadmium (Cd) stress. The experiment was carried out with inoculation treatments of F. mosseae, P. indica, F. mosseae + P. indica and no-inoculation (control) at four Cd concentrations (0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mM Cd). The results revealed that in non-inoculated plants, H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents increased in leaves and roots in response to increasing soil Cd concentrations. However, guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activity in roots and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in leaves and roots increased at lower Cd concentrations, while at higher Cd concentrations the rate decreased. In the presence of P. indica and F. mosseae + P. indica, H2O2and MDA contents decreased, and proline accumulation increased in wheat leaves and roots. Also, the presence of P. indica increased GPX and SOD activities in leaves and roots. The study concluded that P. indica and F. mosseae were able to maintain an efficient symbiosis with wheat plants in soil at high Cd concentrations. However, the impact of P. indica in alleviating Cd stress was more noticeable than that of F. mosseae.
A Modified Constitutive Model for Tensile Flow Behaviors of BR1500HS Ultra-High-Strength Steel at Medium and Low Temperature Regions
Authors: Zhao Jun , Quan Guo-Zheng , Pan Jia , Wang Xuan , Wu Dong-Sen , Xia Yu-Feng
Published: January 2017

Constitutive model of materials is one of the most requisite mathematical model in the finite element analysis, which describes the relationships of flow behaviors with strain, strain rate and temperature. In order to construct such constitutive relationships of ultra-high-strength BR1500HS steel at medium and low temperature regions, the true stress-strain data over a wide temperature range of 293–873 K and strain rate range of 0.01–10 s−1 were collected from a series of isothermal uniaxial tensile tests. The experimental results show that stress-strain relationships are highly non-linear and susceptible to three parameters involving temperature, strain and strain rate. By considering the impacts of strain rate and temperature on strain hardening, a modified constitutive model based on Johnson-Cook model was proposed to characterize flow behaviors in medium and low temperature ranges. The predictability of the improved model was also evaluated by the relative error ($W(\%)$), correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE). The R-value and AARE-value for modified constitutive model at medium and low temperature regions are 0.9915 & 1.56 % and 0.9570 & 5.39 %, respectively, which indicates that the modified constitutive model can precisely estimate the flow behaviors for BR1500HS steel in the medium and low temperature regions.
Processing and Microstructure Characteristics of As-Cast A356 Alloys Manufactured via Ultrasonic Cavitation during Solidification
Authors: Xuan Yang , Jia Shian , Nastac Laurentiu
Published: January 2017

Recent studies have showed that the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 alloy can be significantly improved when ultrasonic cavitation and solidification processing is used. This is because during the fabrication of A356 castings, ultrasonic cavitation processing plays an important role in degassing and refining the as-cast microstructure. In the present study, A356 alloy and Al2O3/SiC nanoparticles are used as the matrix alloy and the reinforcements, respectively. Nanoparticles are injected into the molten alloy and dispersed by ultrasonic cavitation. Ultrasonic cavitation was also applied during solidification of these nanocomposites. The microstructure and nanoparticle distribution of the cast samples have been investigated in detail. The current experimental results indicated that ultrasonic cavitation during solidification will greatly improve the microstructure of the samples. Al2O3 and SiC nanoparticle reinforced nanocomposites have different nanoparticle distributions in the matrix.
Stock Performance of Socially Responsible Companies
Authors: Huang Tzu-Man , Zong Sijing
Published: January 2017

Every year Corporate Responsibility Magazine selects and ranks 100 companies on the basis of their corporate social responsibility. This study investigates the stock performance of socially responsible companies in the U.S. The monthly stock returns for these companies are analyzed and compared with the market performance, with the S&P 500 index designated as a proxy for the market. The empirical evidence suggests that these 100 companies outperform the market in their monthly stock returns. We also narrow down the number of companies selected to the top 75, 50, 25, and 10 firms. As we narrow down the companies selected, the difference between their returns and the market returns also narrows. In other words, a portfolio that includes all top 100 companies provides the best stock performance. We extend the analysis to long-term annual stock performance. We find that these socially responsible companies′ annual returns are higher than the market returns for up to seven years after they are listed. We also conduct the same analysis on the top 75, 50, 25, and 10 firms, respectively. Similarly, the larger the number of these top 100 companies, the greater the tendency to generate higher annual returns. We suspect that because the difference between the socially responsible companies′ average returns and the market returns is not dramatic, with a bigger population and thus a larger sample size, the difference becomes more significant. However, in practice, transaction costs must be considered. This study is limited in that it does not consider transaction costs. Nevertheless, we hope to shed some light on the issue of socially responsible companies′ stock performance to encourage companies to start thinking about the importance of corporate social responsibility.
A Case Study of True and Fair View Override in Financial Reporting
Authors: Ho Horace
Published: January 2017

This paper documents a case study of true and fair view override in financial reporting by a multinational firm subject to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs). The 2009 Interim Report of HSBC Holdings plc states that HSBC departed from the requirements of IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation (IAS 32). Notwithstanding its noncompliance with the IFRSs, HSBC (2009) concluded that “the interim consolidated financial statements prepared on this basis presented fairly, and gave a true and fair view of the Group’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows” (p. 2). The purpose of this paper is to evaluate critically the accounting treatment in light of the relevant requirements of the IFRSs and the implications for professional accounting standards arising from this departure.
Existential attitudes and Occupational burnout syndrome in nurses
Authors: Mazur Anna , Goś Anna , Humeniuk Ewa
Published: January 2017

Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the relation between existential attitudes and occupational burnout in nurses.

Material and methods. The research sample consisted of 120 nurses. Life Attitudes Profile - Revised (the LAP-R) adapted by R. Klamut and Link Burnout Questionnaire (the LBQ) adapted by A. Jaworowska were used in the research.

Results. Psycho-physical exhaustion and relationship deterioration correlate negatively with life goals, internal consistency, life control, death acceptance and positively with existential void and goal seeking. Sense of professional failure and disillusion present a conversely proportional relation with goal, coherence, life control as well as an inversely proportional relation with existential void and goal seeking.

Conclusions. The analyses performed in the course of the research proved that existential attitudes accompany burnout in nurses. The obtained results of the authors’ own research present cognitive value and can be used to develop both prevention and aid programs aimed at enhancing the quality of personal and professional functioning of nurses.
Practical aspects of caring for a child with atopic eczema: education and diet. The role of cooperation among medical staff and patients and their parents. Education and diet
Authors: Skiba Anna , Połomska Joanna , Sikorska-Szaflik Hanna , Woś Alicja , Boznański Andrzej , Sozańska Barbara
Published: January 2017

Atopic eczema (or atopic dermatitis, AD) has a great impact on the quality of life of the affected person as well as the whole family. Hospitalization may be required during exacerbations of the disease. Basic skin care is just as important as pharmacological treatment during acute and chronic stage. Everyday use of emollients is recommended to avoid the recurrence of the disease. In certain cases dietary interventions such as food elimination may be beneficial. Education about the condition should be provided by well educated medical staff both for caregivers and patients. In this paper we discuss educational and dietary standards of management of atopic dermatitis according to current medical knowledge.