bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abrupt light transitions in illuminance and correlated colour temperature result in different temporal dynamics and interindividual variability for sensation, comfort and alertness
Authors: Kompier Maaike E. , Smolders Karin C. H. J. , de Kort Yvonne A. W.
Published: March 2021

Detailed insights in both visual effects of light and effects beyond vision due to manipulations in illuminance and correlated color temperature (CCT) are needed to optimize study protocols as well as to design light scenarios for practical applications. This study investigated temporal dynamics and interindividual variability in subjective evaluations of sensation, comfort and mood as well as subjective and objective measures of alertness, arousal and thermoregulation following abrupt transitions in illuminance and CCT in a mild cold environment. The results revealed that effects could be uniquely attributed to changes in illuminance or CCT. No interaction effects of illuminance and CCT were found for any of these markers. Responses to the abrupt transitions in illuminance and CCT always occurred immediately and exclusively amongst the subjective measures. Most of these responses diminished over time within the 45-minute light manipulation. In this period, no responses were found for objective measures of vigilance, arousal or thermoregulation. Significant interindividual variability occurred only in the visual comfort evaluation in response to changes in the intensity of the light. The results indicate that the design of dynamic light scenarios aimed to enhance human alertness and vitality requires tailoring to the individual to create visually comfortable environments.
Individual and public health consequences associated with a missed diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in the emergency department: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Heffernan Courtney , Paulsen Catherine , Asadi Leyla , Egedahl Mary-Lou , Rowe Brian H. , Barrie James , Long Richard
Published: March 2021

Objectives

To determine: i) the emergency department (ED) utilization history of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, and ii) the potential individual and public health consequences of a missed diagnosis of PTB in this setting.

Design

Retrospective observational cohort study.

Participants

Patients with PTB aged >16 years diagnosed between April 1, 2010 and December 31, 2016 in the Province of Alberta, Canada.

Methods

We identified valid new cases of PTB from a provincial registry and linked them to ED attendees in administrative databases. Visits are considered ‘PTB’, pulmonary ‘other’, and non-pulmonary based on the most responsible discharge diagnosis. Individual consequences of a missed diagnosis included health system delay and PTB-related death; public health consequences included nosocomial ED exposure time and secondary cases.

Results

Of 711 PTB patients, 378 (53%) made 845 ED visits in the six months immediately preceding the date of diagnosis. The most responsible ED discharge diagnosis was PTB in 92 (10.9%), pulmonary ‘other’ in 273 (32%) and non-pulmonary in 480 (56.8%). ED attendees had a median (IQR) health system delay of 27 (7,180) days and, compared to non-ED attendees were more likely to die a TB-related death 5.9% vs 1.2%, p = 0.001. Emergency attendees generated 3812 hours of ED nosocomial exposure time, and 31 secondary cases (60.8% of all secondary cases reported). Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from ED-attendees were more likely than non-attendees to be clustered–i.e., have an identical DNA fingerprint with another isolate (27% vs. 21%, p = 0.037).

Conclusions

ED utilization by PTB patients, and related consequences, are substantial. EDs are a potential resource for earlier PTB diagnosis.
Improvement of loperamide-induced slow transit constipation by Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 is mediated by the correction of butyrate production and neurotransmitter profile due to improvement in dysbiosis
Authors: Makizaki Yutaka , Uemoto Taiki , Yokota Haruka , Yamamoto Miyuki , Tanaka Yoshiki , Ohno Hiroshi
Published: March 2021

A treatment option for constipation that improves the quality of life is needed since available laxatives do not effectively improve the quality of life in patients with constipation. A significant association between gut dysbiosis and constipation is recognized, suggesting that probiotics may be an important option for management of constipation. The underlying mechanism by which probiotics improve constipation remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of the probioticBifidobacterium bifidumG9-1 (BBG9-1) on loperamide-induced delayed colonic transit constipation and to elucidate its mechanism of action. First, the effect of BBG9-1 was evaluated in a rat model of constipation induced by subcutaneous administration of loperamide. BBG9-1 improved constipation parameters (number of feces, fecal water content, and fecal hardness) in constipated rats. Next, the relationship of organic acids and neurotransmitters to gut microbiota was investigated. BBG9-1 improved dysbiosis and prevented a decrease in butyric acid concentration in the gut, increased serum serotonin, and suppressed an increase in dopamine and a decrease in acetylcholine in serum. Further, an increase in the expression level of tryptophan hydroxylase 1, a 5-HT-synthetizing enzyme, was observed. These results suggest that BBG9-1 improves dysbiosis, which results in an increase in organic acids and improvement of neurotransmission. These actions may increase intestinal mobility, finally leading to alleviating constipation. The probiotic BBG9-1 may, therefore, be a potential option for the treatment of constipation.
The efficiency in the ordinary hospital bed management: A comparative analysis in four European countries before the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Pecoraro Fabrizio , Luzi Daniela , Clemente Fabrizio
Published: March 2021

During COVID-19 emergency the majority of health structures in Europe saturated or nearly saturated their availabilities already in the first weeks of the epidemic period especially in some regions of Italy and Spain. The aim of this study is to analyse the efficiency in the management of hospital beds before the COVID-19 outbreak at regional level in France, Germany, Italy and Spain. This analysis can indicate a reference point for future analysis on resource management in emergency periods and help hospital managers, emergency planners as well as policy makers to put in place a rapid and effective response to an emergency situation. The results of this study clearly underline that France and Germany could rely on the robust structural components of the hospital system, compared to Italy and Spain. Presumably, this might have had an impact on the efficacy in the management of the COVID-19 diffusion. In particular, the high availability of beds in the majority of the France regions paired with the low occupancy rate and high turnover interval led these regions to have a high number of available beds. Consider also that this country generally manages complex cases. A similar structural component is present in the German regions where the number of available beds is significantly higher than in the other countries. The impact of the COVID-19 was completely different in Italy and Spain that had to deal with a relevant large number of patients relying on a reduced number of both hospital beds and professionals. A further critical factor compared to France and Germany concerns the dissimilar distribution of cases across regions. Even if in these countries the hospital beds were efficiently managed, the concentration of hospitalized patients and the scarcity of beds have put pressure on the hospital systems.
Prevalence and associated factors of myopia among school children in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Assem Abel Sinshaw , Tegegne Mebratu Mulusew , Fekadu Sofonias Addis
Published: March 2021

Background

Myopia is the leading cause of correctable visual impairment and preventable blindness worldwide. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of myopia. Myopia is appearing with greater prevalence in young children.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of myopia among school children in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.

Methods and materials

A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among school children of 6 to 18 years of age in Bahir Dar city from October to November 2019. A pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 634 participants using a multi-stage sampling technique from primary and secondary schools. Cycloplegic refraction was performed by optometrists for each student with 1% cyclopentolate eye drop, and subjective refraction was carried out to determine the final prescription of the students. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refractive error of ≥ 0.5 diopter in either eye. Data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 for analysis. Tables, frequency, and mean were used for descriptive statistics. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to identify risk factors of myopia. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was determined and variables with p–value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Results

Among a total of 601 study participants, 51 (8.49%) were myopic. Age group of 10–13 years (AOR = 6.54: 95% CI = 5.56–10.86), 14–18 years (AOR = 6.32: 95% CI = 5.32–9.69), 2–4 hour per day mobile exposure (AOR = 3.69: 95% CI = 1.63–8.38), > 4 hour per day mobile exposure (AOR = 11.6: 95% CI = 4.41–30.42), near working distance of < 33 centimeter (AOR = 6.89: 95% CI = 2.71–17.56) and outdoor activity (AOR = 3.94: 95% CI = 1.87–8.31) were significantly associated with myopia.

Conclusions

The prevalence of myopia was high among school children in Bahir Dar city. Older age, longer duration of mobile exposure, shorter near working distance were the risk factors for the development of myopia whereas having outdoor activity was the protective factor.
Readmission within three months after inpatient geriatric care—Incidence, diagnosis and associated factors in a Swedish cohort
Authors: Willers Carl , Boström Anne-Marie , Carlsson Lennart , Lager Anton , Lindqvist Rikard , Rydwik Elisabeth
Published: March 2021

Introduction

Readmissions are very costly, in monetary terms but also for the individual patient’s safety and health. Only by understanding the reasons and drivers of readmissions, it is possible to ensure quality of care and improve the situation. The aim of this study was to assess inpatient readmissions during the first three months after discharge from geriatric inpatient care regarding main diagnosis and frequency of readmission. Furthermore, the aim was to analyze association between readmission and patient characteristics including demography and socioeconomics, morbidity, physical function, risk screening and care process respectively.

Methods

The study includes all individuals admitted for inpatient care at three geriatric departments operated by the Stockholm region during 2016. Readmission after discharge was studied within three different time intervals; readmission within 10 days after discharge, within 11–30 days and within 31–90 days, respectively. Main diagnosis at readmission was assessed.

Results

One fourth of the individuals discharged from inpatient geriatric care was readmitted during the first three months after discharge. The most common main diagnoses for readmission were heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia. Statistically significant risk factors for readmission included age, sex, number of diagnoses at discharge, and to some extent polypharmacy and destination of discharge.

Conclusions

Several clinical risk factors relating to physical performance and vulnerability were associated with risk of readmission. Socioeconomic information did not add to the predictability. To enable reductions in readmission rates, proactive monitoring of frail individuals afflicted with chronic conditions is necessary, and an integrated perspective including all stakeholders involved is crucial.
Concealing the urban dominant: The socio-spatial dialectic and urban protest in Gonzalo Torrente Ballester’s La saga/fuga de J.B.
Authors: Martínez, Jr Michael L.
Published: March 2021

In the post-Fordist world, cities emerged as increasingly contested terrains upon which capital and ordinary citizens struggled to control the urban process. Henri Lefebvre discerned this contestatory dynamic early on and in response developed the ‘urban’, a concept that cleaves a critical pathway towards a host of material, cultural and ideological processes that attach to capitalist modernity. Around the same time, the Spanish novelist Gonzalo Torrente Ballester was working to sketch the contours of his magnus opus La saga/fuga de J.B. Torrente would eventually come to recognize the roles that the urban process and the socio-spatial dialectic play in mediating contemporary urban life. The present article thus carries out first a close reading of Torrente’s personal journals to detail the ascendency of the ‘urban dominant’ as a central structuring component of his fictional writings. Thereafter, the critical analysis of La saga/fuga de J.B. will reveal that the ‘urban dominant’ stands concealed at the heart of this notoriously complicated novel. This urban cultural studies reading of La saga/fuga de J.B. will argue that, like Lefebvre, Torrente denounces capital’s static conception of space at the same time that he draws upon historical movements of urban protest for textual inspiration. And what will eventually emerge is that, beyond a master of the metafictional novel, Torrente was also an astute observer of everyday life in the urban context.
Tito Caula’s photographic imaginary and mid-century Caraqueño modernity
Authors: White Russell
Published: March 2021

The photography of the Argentinian photographer Francisco ‘Tito’ Caula tracked some of the key social and physical changes that Caracas underwent during the middle decades of the twentieth century. This period saw the country transition from dictatorship to democracy. Caula’s advertising photographs together with his images of spectacular spaces and buildings such as the Sabana Grande and the Centro Simón Bolívar presented Caracas as a mecca of mid-century ‘petro-modernity’ (). In contrast to late nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century modernity, which was predominantly European in influence, Caraqueño modernity at mid-century was more cosmopolitan, taking particular inspiration from the United States. Caula’s photographs speak to the process of Americanization, defined as the adoption of North American cultural products, urban forms and patterns of living that Venezuela underwent during the years Caula spent in the country. Venezuela witnessed an economic boom in the 1960s and 70s, which was fuelled by the US acquisition of Venezuelan oil. In Venezuela, the boom facilitated the growth of a consumer society as well as the development of such quintessentially North American urban forms as freeways, shopping malls, drive-in movie theatres, suburbs and skyscrapers. It was also accompanied by the adoption of violent security tactics by the state’s security apparatus and the political marginalization of the radical left. Given that Caula held left-wing views, it is perhaps surprising that his photographs (at least those that have been published) do not explore the tensions at the heart of the Pacto de Punto Fijo, instituted to ensure that the transition from dictatorship to democracy would hold following elections in 1958. The celebration of North American influence within Caula’s photographs puts them in dialogue with critical perspectives that have seen US cultural influence rather more negatively. Moreover, their celebration of prosperity and their presentation of Caracas as an exciting city means that, for some, they have taken on a nostalgic hue.
Hong Kong on display: Things, time and urban space
Authors: Coppoolse Anneke
Published: March 2021

Despite, and due to, its culture of consuming ‘the new’, Hong Kong contains an expansive second-hand world that encourages preoccupation with the past through pre-owned ‘things’ and related practices of displaying and collecting. This article takes on a visual approach to understanding (fragments of) Hong Kong’s urban condition by considering its second-hand world. Following an established tradition of revaluing second-hand objects (economically and otherwise), the sites where these objects are temporarily ‘exhibited’ form stages for the emergence of stories about the city, through practices of exchanging, collecting and displaying. Focusing on a selection of these objects, displayed in particular locations, an attempt is made at understanding the significance of their persistence in Hong Kong.
Kapcsolati stratégia és értékteremtés az üzleti piacokon
Authors: Petruska Ildikó
Published: March 2021

Az üzleti kapcsolatok iránt megélénkülő figyelem az értékkoncepció előtérbe kerülésével hozható összefüggésbe. A paradigmaváltás alapját a kapcsolatokból az eladók és a vevők számára nyerhető többletérték jelenti, amelynek realizálása azonban szervezeten belül is megköveteli a kapcsolati magatartás érvényesítését. Jelen cikk a kulcsfolyamatok mentén haladva mutat rá a belső és a külső kapcsolatmenedzsment összefüggéseire. Kiemeli az interakciós és kommunikációs folyamatok integrálásának értékteremtésben játszott szerepét, az ehhez szükséges szemléletbeli változásokat, valamint az ezt elősegítő menedzsmenttechnikákat.
A hazai KKV-k atipikus foglalkoztatási gyakorlata – empirikus vizsgálatok alapján
Authors: Finna Henrietta , Gyökér Irén
Published: March 2021

Globalizálódó környezetben működő szervezet akkor reagál gyorsan a felismert változási igényre, ha erőforrásai tekintetében rugalmas. Más erőforrások mellett meghatározó jelentőségű, hogy a megfelelő mennyiségű és minőségű munkaerő álljon rendelkezésre. A munkaerő-piaci rugalmasság üzleti cél, melynek lényege a változó környezeti igényekre történő – a hagyományos, teljes munkaidős foglalkoztatási modellnél – gyorsabb és hatékonyabb válaszadás. Ez pedig olyan eszközökkel érhető el, melyeket rugalmas munkavégzési gyakorlatnak nevezünk. A munkaerő-piaci rugalmasság a magyarországi nagyvállalatok körében – a számok tükrében – terjedőben van, ugyanakkor a hazai kis- és középvállalkozások (KKV-k) alkalmazási gyakorlatába még nem épültek be ezek a formák, illetve olyan automatizmusokat jelentenek, amelyek nem jelennek meg a foglalkoztatásukról szóló jelentésekben. A KKV-k foglalkoztatási politikájáról jelenleg még nem találhatók átfogó kutatási eredmények, így a körükben végzett, rugalmas munkavégzésre vonatkozó kutatás hiánypótló. Különös jelentőséget ad a témának a jelenlegi gazdasági válság.
A technológiai úttérképezés első hazai tapasztalatai
Authors: Pataki Béla , Szalkai Zsuzsanna , Bíró-Szigeti Szilvia
Published: March 2021

A technológiaiút-térképezés (TRM) egy nagyhatású módszer, amely lehetővé teszi a piacok, termékek és technológiák evolúciójának kiaknázását, a különböző perspektívák közötti kapcsolatokkal együtt. Első hazai TRM-alkalmazási tapasztalataink szerint igen fontos a világos üzleti igény, a felső szintű „tulajdonlás”, a jól működő kommunikáció, információ- és tudásmegosztás, a kezdeti komoly időráfordítás, az inkább ritkább, de hosszabb műhelymunkák, minden érintett funkcionális terület bevonása, a felső szintű menedzserek aktív részvétele, egy TRM-„bajnok” a vállalaton belül, először egy esettanulmány-alapú tréning a módszer megismertetésére, valamint a módszer más, pl. piaci-, termék-, techonológiai-, stratégiai- vagy üzletiút-térképezés néven történő bevezetése.
Az alkalmazotti elégedettséget és elkötelezettséget befolyásoló tényezők vizsgálata
Authors: Gyökér Irén , Krajcsák Zoltán
Published: March 2021

Napjainkban a vállalatok környezetében tapasztalható egyre dinamikusabban változó üzleti kihívások hatékony szervezeti megoldásokat kívánnak. A vezetés akkor képes a teljesítmény fokozására, ha emberi erőforrásait képes megfelelően menedzselni és növelni alkalmazottaik motivációját a szervezeti célok elérése érdekében. A belső hajtóerő kulcsa az elkötelezettség, ennek kialakítása, és az ezt megalapozó munkatársi elégedettség növelése az elmúlt években az elméleti szakemberek és a gyakorló menedzserek figyelmének középpontjába került. A szerzők cikkükben feldolgozzák a legfontosabb elégedettségi és elkötelezettségi modelleket, elemzik az elkötelezettség és más szervezeti jellemzők kapcsolatát. Bemutatják az ismert attitűdelméleteket, amelyek megismerésével könnyebben befolyásolható az egyén beállítottsága, ezáltal az elégedettséget és elkötelezettséget meghatározó gondolkodásmód is. Megfogalmazzák a további lehetséges kutatási irányokat, amelyeket a jövőben primer kutatások segítségével vizsgálni kívánnak. A jelenlegi gazdasági válság ellenére a szervezeteknek nem céljuk az, hogy kisebb befektetéseket és kevesebb energiát fordítsanak a humán erőforrások fejlesztésébe. Felismerve a tényt, hogy a munkaerő-költségek folyamatosan nőnek és az alkalmazottak elkötelezettsége idővel, különböző tényezők hatására, törvényszerűen csökken, a menedzseri rétegnek folyamatos erőfeszítéseket kell tennie annak érdekében, hogy megkülönböztető erejének és versenyképességének forrása a humán tőke értékteremtő képességével érvényesülhessen az üzleti eredményekben.
Optimalizálás bizonytalan paraméterekkel a termelés- és szolgáltatásmenedzsmentben
Authors: Koltai Tamás , Romhányi Gábor , Tatay Viola
Published: March 2021

A termelő- és szolgáltatórendszerek működésének optimalizálása a termelésmenedzserek egyik gyakori problémája. Többek között az optimális termékszerkezet meghatározása, az optimális rendelési politika alkalmazása, a legkedvezőbb szállítási/logisztikai folyamatok kialakítása, a hulladékkezelés és anyagforgalom optimalizálása ismétlődő jelleggel felmerülő menedzsmentfeladatok. Az optimalizáló modellek alkalmazóinak a legtöbb nehézséget rendszerint az okozza, hogy a számítások elvégzéséhez szükséges adatok (paraméterek) értéke bizonytalan, az adatok rendszerint kiszámíthatatlanul és nem feltétlenül statisztikailag véletlenszerűen változnak. E cikk néhány egyszerű példa segítségével mutatja be a paraméterek bizonytalanságából eredő problémák kezelésének lehetséges módszereit és azok menedzsmentvonatkozásait.
Új irányok, lehetőségek és módszerek a minőségmenedzsmentben
Authors: Szabó Gábor Csaba , Nagy Jenő Bence
Published: March 2021

A jelenlegi válságból kivezető egyik lehetséges, hosszú távú, jelentős sikeresélyű kibontakozás – mint erre az elmúlt fél évszázadban sokan felhívták a figyelmet – a minőség. Ehhez azonban átgondolt stratégiákra, modellekre és módszerekre is szükség van. Meggyőződésünk, hogy egy minőségtudatos menedzsmentrendszer és működés végső állapota – a „minőség megbízhatósága” – egy szabályozott termék/szolgáltatás, folyamat vagy rendszer. Azaz a szabályozott működésnek három szintje, „generációja” van: az első generáció (a „múlt”) a szabályozott termék vagy szolgáltatás, a második (a „jelen”) a szabályozott folyamat, míg a harmadik generáció (bár ez még csak a „jövő”) a szabályozott rendszer. Az ilyen minőségtudatos rendszerek működtetésének központi terepe a folyamatos javítás-fejlesztés, amely dinamikus alkalmazás esetén képes elérni a megbízható minőség e cikkben vázolt valamelyik generációjának szintjét.
A BÉT-en jegyzett társaságok önkéntes stratégiai adatszolgáltatása
Authors: Tirnitz Tamás József
Published: March 2021

A tőzsdén jegyzett társaságok tulajdonosainak befektetési döntéseikhez szükségük van olyan stratégiai információkra, amelyeket csak magától a cégtől kaphatnak meg. Ez az önkéntes stratégiai adatszolgáltatás több elemből áll. A BÉT-en jegyzett társaságok közül a vizsgált időszakban mindössze három látta el megfelelő minőségű és mennyiségű stratégiai információval meglévő és potenciális tulajdonosait.
Optimization of Lipase Production from Local Bacteria Isolate with Palm Oil Inducer
Authors: Indriyani Dwi May , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Herasari Dian
Published: March 2021

A lipase is a group of hydrolase enzymes with multi-functional abilities such as catalyzing hydrolysis, alcoholysis, esterification, interesterification, and synthesis of organic compounds. The purpose of this study was to obtain the optimum conditions for lipase production and to study the effect of adding a palm oil inducer on the production of lipase from local bacterial isolates. The method used in this study included the rejuvenation of local bacterial isolate cultures, optimization of production, which included pH, palm oil inducer, and incubation time. The lipase activity test was carried out by using the acid-base titration method with the phenolphthalein indicator. The results showed that the optimal conditions for lipase production occurred at pH 5 with an activity value of 7.5 U/mL and an incubation time of 18 hours with an activity value of 13.83 U/mL. The addition of a 10% (v/v) palm oil inducer increased the value of lipase activity to 8.75 U/mL.
Przymierza Izraelitów z narodami w świetle zakazów Pięcioksięgu Biblii greckiej
Authors: Nawrot Janusz
Published: March 2021

The conducted exegesis of some particular verses from the Septuagint indicates that two initial covenants made between a representative of the chosen nation with a Gentile party (Abraham and Solomon) did not breach the obligations resulting from the Law of Moses. The theological portrait of Abraham in the Book of Genesis captures an unambiguous evaluation of his conduct in accordance with the Law although the Law itself appeared considerably later when Moses lived. The pact between Solomon and Hiram deserves a similar evaluation. However, the later covenants between the kings of Israel and Judah with Gentile rulers deserve an extremely negative evaluation. Although they did not formally violate the Mosaic prohibitions, they were evaluated as a violation of trust in the Lord as He was the only Partner of the covenant between Himself and the Israelites. Such an interpretation is possible especially in light of Deut 7:6 which accentuates the uniqueness of Israel as a nation chosen by God from among other nations. And because this selection of Israel was done on the foundation of the covenant made on the Mount Sinai, it should be a one-of-a-kind covenant that should not be replaced with another pact signed with a human being, and let alone a Gentile. In all of the cases above, starting from King Asa and ending with Archpriest Jonathan, there was a true violation of the rule whereby the Lord was the only Partner of the covenant with His people. Thus, each of the analyzed treatises met with valid criticism both from a prophet and the inspired author. It is difficult to treat these violations as a major breach of the faith of Israel because of the established diplomatic relations. However, it was the rule of God’s uniqueness as a foundation for any sphere in the life of the chosen people that was violated. It included the political sphere which should not be excluded from the chosen people’s faith.
Theological Preparation of Religion Teachers in the Light of Current Indications of the Church in Poland
Authors: Gogolik Mirosław
Published: March 2021

John Paul II, in one of his catechesis dedicated to evangelization and catechesis, distinguishes the formation of catechesis as an essential element of the common commitment to the development and vitality of the Church. He points to the need for the formation of all those who are responsible for teaching the truths of the faith, that is, pastors, catechists and all those who have expressed their willingness to help proclaim the Good News. Lack of adequate preparation among those who undertook catechizing leads to small effects and lack of required fruit in catechized people. The broadly understood intellectual formation is intended to deepen the life of faith of the person who serves in catechesis. However, besides the theological knowledge itself, it is important that the catechist is able to develop his own catechetical style. This article analyses the current indications of the Universal Church and the Church in Poland relating to theological education of lay and clerical religion teachers, which is carried out within the framework of studies and later in continuing formation.
The School of Patriotism in the Sermons of Karol Wojtyła
Authors: Radej Maciej
Published: March 2021

Patriotism is a value which continues to lead to numerous polemics. Writing from a feminist perspective, Magdalena Środa claims that she associates the word “patriotism” with aggression or great boredom. Among those who have discussed this topic, there is a lack of consensus not only on the substance of the matter but even regarding how many kinds of patriotism there are. “There is but one patriotism, just as there is one honesty, one morality, one dignity, and one honor […]. There is but one patriotism, or one’s attitude towards his or her fatherland, one’s attitude towards values, one’s attitude towards the nation, and one’s attitude towards the state” (Władysław Bartoszewski). Among the many questions that patriotism and its understanding give rise to in the twenty-first century, it is worth recalling the teaching of Karol Wojtyła, who was unquestionably a great Pole and patriot. The centenary of the Polish Pope’s birth in 2020 is conducive to such an effort. On the basis of the sermons that Karol Wojtyła preached before his election to the Chair of St. Peter, we can indicate that his patriotism was shaped by the material monuments of Polish history, the figures of great national heroes, and love of one’s nation, language, tradition, and culture.
Wybrane aspekty duchowości biblijnej w pismach św. Urszuli Ledóchowskiej
Authors: Pagacz Małgorzata
Published: March 2021

The aim of this article is to present selected aspects of the biblical spirituality according to writings of Saint Ursula Ledóchowska. The Word of God has the central position in the spirituality of the Founder of the Congregation of the Ursuline Sisters of the Agonizing Heart of Jesus. Mother Ledóchowska is the author of Meditations, that contain considerations based on specific fragments of the Gospel, intended for each day of the year. Her Testament is also full of biblical references and permeated with the evangelical logic. According to Saint Ursula Ledóchowska the meditation of the Word of God in the spirit of faith enables us to learn more and get to know better the person of Jesus Christ and to deepen the relationship with Him. Mother Ledóchowska, by her attitude to the Holy Bible, was ahead of the Second Vatican Council’s time. All her life was an active exegesis of the words of Christ.
Skull hemophilia pseudotumor: A case report
Authors: Lin Kunzhe , Fan Yong , Lin Zhehui , He Xiangzhong , Huang Shaokuan , Zhang Fan
Published: March 2021

Background

In this study, a rare case with hemophilia pseudotumor in the skull was reported.

Case presentation

The case was a 34-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital, with the complaint of dizziness for more than 1 month. The physical examination indicated that the patient was conscious, who could give right answers to the questions. Moreover, there was a bulge on the left frontal-temporal parietal bone. The head CT showed abnormal density lesions on the left frontal-temporal parietal bone, with multiple irregular calcifications within the border. Skull MRI showed a large clump-like mixed signal at the top of the left frontal ridge. After admission, the patient was subjected to complete preoperative preparation and surgical treatment. Neurological navigation was used to determine the extent of skull defect before surgery to make a surgical incision. Clotting factor VIII substitution therapy was used for the intraoperative and postoperative treatments. The lesion was completely removed.

Conclusions

These results suggest that the skull hemophilia pseudotumor has been rarely seen. According to imaging examination, in combination with family history, the diagnosis can be confirmed. If there is no obvious occupying effect, conservative treatment can be tried. On the contrary, if there is an obvious occupying effect, surgical treatment might be effective, and coagulation factor VIII should be supplemented during the perioperative period.
Commentary: Making the case for linking behavioral health strategies to enhance work as a social determinant for youth
Authors: Smith Peggy B.
Published: March 2021

This commentary addresses the importance of work as a social determinant of health and the role that behavioral health interventions play in its successful execution. Data on the influence of nonmedical factors on wellness of vulnerable populations is reviewed as well as the need to facilitate acquisition of meaningful employment for post–high school graduates, referred to as opportunity youth. It also discusses the role of behavioral health professionals to proactively manage mental health concerns that negatively influence the employment process. Moreover, it suggests that behavioral health professionals can potentially predict work acquisition success based on participant risks and barriers to employment. Such analyses can affect decisions regarding program participant selection and the assessment of program/staff resources required for a successful pathway to job acquisition. Such insights can provide useful guideposts on how to apply this social determinant theory to effectively integrate this unutilized workforce into productive jobs.
Borderline Personality Disorder Diagnosis and Symptoms in Outpatient Youth as Risk Factors for Criminal Offenses and Interpersonal Violence
Authors: Cavelti Marialuisa , Thompson Katherine , Betts Jennifer , Fowler Claire , Luebbers Stefan , Cotton Sue M. , Chanen Andrew M.
Published: March 2021

The aim of the current study was to examine the risk for offending among outpatient youth with borderline pathology. Demographic and diagnostic data from 492 outpatients who attended a public mental health service for 15-to 25-year-olds between January 1998 and March 2008 were linked with information regarding criminal offenses and intervention orders collected from a statewide police database between March 1993 and June 2017. BPD diagnosis and number of BPD criteria were both associated with an elevated risk for violent and nonviolent offenses and family violence intervention orders. Moderation analyses revealed that the number of BPD criteria might affect males and females differently in terms of offending. Both impulsivity and anger independently predicted the risk for violent and nonviolent offenses and family violence intervention orders. Early detection of increased risk of offending among youth with BPD features is essential to develop targeted treatments for criminal or violent behavior.
Synaptic Adaptations at the Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus Underlie Individual Differences in Cocaine Avoidance Behavior
Authors: Parrilla-Carrero Jeffrey , Eid Maya , Li Hao , Chao Ying S. , Jhou Thomas C.
Published: March 2021

Although cocaine is powerfully rewarding, not all individuals are equally prone to abusing this drug. We postulate that these differences arise in part because some individuals exhibit stronger aversive responses to cocaine that protect them from cocaine seeking. Indeed, using conditioned place preference (CPP) and a runway operant cocaine self-administration task, we demonstrate that avoidance responses to cocaine vary greatly between individual high cocaine-avoider and low cocaine-avoider rats. These behavioral differences correlated with cocaine-induced activation of the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), measured using bothin vivofiring and c-fos, whereas slice electrophysiological recordings from ventral tegmental area (VTA)-projecting RMTg neurons showed that relative to low avoiders, high avoiders exhibited greater intrinsic excitability, greater transmission via calcium-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs), and higher presynaptic glutamate release. In behaving animals, blocking CP-AMPARs in the RMTg with NASPM reduced cocaine avoidance. Hence, cocaine addiction vulnerability may be linked to multiple coordinated synaptic differences in VTA-projecting RMTg neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough cocaine is highly addictive, not all individuals exposed to cocaine progress to chronic use for reasons that remain unclear. We find that cocaine's aversive effects, although less widely studied than its rewarding effects, show more individual variability, are predictive of subsequent propensity to seek cocaine, and are driven by variations in RMTg in response to cocaine that arise from distinct alterations in intrinsic excitability and glutamate transmission onto VTA-projecting RMTg neurons.
Transgenic Florae: Frame of Mind an A Dilemmatical Sitch
Authors: Shahzaib Muhammad , Ul Haq Ehsan
Published: March 2021

Throughout the history of mankind, we have developed far more advanced techniques to cope with the challenges we face on the path of progression. No doubts, most of the problems are due to our greedy actions that ultimately led to a series of unforeseen consequences. One of them is the point of view on the use of genetically modified plants. It is a fact that today, we may have been facing a very different scenario if these transgenic plants don’t have existed at all. Most of the world would’ve been starved to death by now due to the daily exponential increase in population. But the ethical and other concerns on the use of these plants are still a major hurdle in the path of development of these beneficial florae. This review summarizes the sum of possible problems and major situations related to transgenic plants according to modern research.
Kajian Elemen Aksesbilitas Ramp (Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas) pada Fasilitas Umum Fakultas Teknik UNNES
Authors: Wicaksono Dimas
Published: March 2021

merupakan orang yang mempunyai kelainan fisik dan/atau mental, yang dapat mengganggu  atau merupakan rintangan dan hambatan untuk melakukan aktifitas secara selayaknya. Masyarakat difabel memerlukan suatu komunitas atau lingkungan yang mampu mewadahi aktifitas/kegiatan serta sarana aksesibilitas yang memadai sehingga memberi kenyamanan, keamanan dan memperlancar mobilitas kaum difabel. Aksesibilitas dapat dilihat dari kemudahan dan kelancaran dalam bergerak, berkaitan dengan sirkulasi, visual dan komponen setting, yang telah dijelaskan dalam Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No.30/PRT/M/2006 tentang Pedoman Teknis Fasilitas dan Aksesibilitas pada Bangunan Umum Kampus UNNES  sebagai merupakan  fasilitas pendidikan dan publik, Dekanat dan gedung-gedung kampus yang berada di kawasan Fakultas Teknik harus mampu melayani semua penggunanya tanpa terkecuali. Layanan yang adil untuk semua orang tersebut tentu saja melibatkan banyak hal, tidak terkecuali aspek fasilitas fisik bangunannya. Tuntutan ini tidak hanya menjadi sebuah kesadaran bersama tetapi juga telah menjadi norma positif yang diatur dalam undang-undang maupun peraturan terkait lainnya. Tidak tertutup kemungkinan kaum difabel merupakan salah satu mahasiswa yang berdatangan ke Fakultas Teknik. Sehingga munculah pertanyaan, Apakah Gedung Fakultas Teknik  saat ini telah memberikan sarana aksesibilitas yang baik bagi para kaum difabel. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian terapan (applied research) melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Untuk menganalisa data mengunakan metoda expose yaitu pemeriksaan terhadap data standar aksesibilitas dengan data yang ditemui di Fakultas Teknik. Implementasi elemen aksesbilitas berupa ramp pada fasilitas umum yang ada di Fakultas Teknik direncanakan dan dirancang untuk menjamin aktivitas pengunjung dan civitas akademika mulai dari luar bangunan hingga ke setiap fungsi di dalam bangunan. Beberapa aspek aksesbilitas yang diimplementasikan tersebut antara lain terkait dengan system sirkulasi, system informasi, serta detail-detail penunjang lainnya. Implementasi ini juga diharapkan menjadi contoh dan bahan pembelajaran bagi isu aksesbilitas fisik di gedung lainnya di dalam maupun di luar kampus UNNES.
Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Partisipasi Masyarakat terhadap Pelaksanaan Aplikasi Salinmas (Sampah Online Banyumas) dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Sampah
Authors: Marwanti Ryan , Aji Ananto
Published: March 2021

Research objectives are: Describe the implementation of the SalinMas Application in overcoming the problem of waste in Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village, Know the level of community participation regarding the implementation of the SalinMas Application in Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village, Know the level of community participation towards the implementation of the SalinMas Application in Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village, Analyzing the constrains in the implementation of the SalinMas Application in Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village. The population in this study were all households in each community unit that had implemented the SalinMas Application (Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village) with 390 houses. The sample was determined using purposive sampling by taking 15% of the population that is as many as 58 samples. The variables studied were community knowledge, community participation, and obstacles in the implementation of the SalinMas Application. Data collection techniques using the method of observation, test, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses descriptive percentages.  The results shows that the implementation of the SalinMas Application from the initial stage to the present was carried out very well despite the contraints in its implementation. The level of public knowledge on the implementation of the SalinMas Application is included in the very high category with an average score of 90,44% (Sokanegara Village) and 87,87% (Kedungwuluh Village). In addition, the level of community participation in the implementation of the SalinMas application is also high with a proportion of 78,10% (Sokanegara Village) and 81,57% (Kedungwuluh Village). The obstacles faced in implementing the SalinMas application can be seen in terms of operational costs, cooperation with the bank, complaints from KSM, and waste pick-up processes. Suggestions are addressed to local goverments so that the government fulfil and complete infrastructure, cooperation with the (BKK), and improve road access to PDU. In addition, suggestions are also addressed of the public to increase the level of participation in government assessments, and evaluate the implementation of the SalinMas application for at least one month.
DETERMINANTES DOS INDICADORES DE CALIDADE DIVULGATIVA DAS MEMORIAS DE SOSTIBILIDADE: O CASO DA BANCA ESPAÑOLA
Authors: Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Pablo , Sánchez-Cañizares Sandra , Fuentes-García Fernando
Published: March 2021

O obxectivo deste estudo é analizar o fenómeno da RSC no sector financeiro español a travésdas memorias de sostibilidade publicadas; de maneira específica, trátase de identificar ascaracterísticas empresariais que determinan un maior nivel de comunicación sobre prácticaséticas coa súa contorna, necesario para evitar que, no futuro, se repitan problemas no sector queafecten ao conxunto da sociedade. Baseándose nas teorías da “lexitimación social” e dos“grupos de interese”, pódese xustificar o emprego da Responsabilidade Social Corporativa paracoñecer o comportamento da entidade coa súa contorna. A metodoloxía de estudo baséase nouso da análise de contido. The aim of this study is to analyze the phenomenon of CSR in the Spanish financial sectorthrough the sustainability reports that have been published, specifically trying to identify whichbusiness characteristics determine a higher level of ethical commitment to their environment,necessary to avoid that sector problems that affect the entire society may be reproduced in thefuture. Based on the theories of "social legitimacy" and “stakeholders”, it is possible to justifythe use of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in order to know the behaviour of the entitywith its environment. The study methodology is based on the use of content analysis.
ANÁLISE ESPACIAL DO DESEMPREGO NOS MERCADOS LOCAIS DE TRABALLO ESPAÑOIS
Authors: Manzanares Gutiérrez Ángel , Riquelme Perea Prudencio José
Published: March 2021

As diferenzas rexionais son importantes, o que revela que o nivel de desagregaciónterritorial debe adoptar maior protagonismo no estudo do mercado de traballo. Coa pretensiónde profundar no coñecemento sobre as diferenzas territoriais, neste ensaio, proponse un modelode localización do desemprego que facilite unha información desagregada baseada nasegmentación do espazo xeográfico. A análise da repartición espacial do desemprego permitirácaracterizar o mercado de traballo servindo de ferramenta para o deseño de políticas públicas.Palabras chave: Territorio, mercados locais de traballo, MLT. análise espacial, desempregoTitle: Spatial analysis of unemployment in Spanish local labor marketsAbstract: Regional differences are important. They reveal that the level of territorialdisaggregation needs to adopt a greater role in the study of the labor market. In order to gaininsight into territorial differences, this essay suggests a model to locate unemployment, so as toprovide disaggregate information based on the division of the geographical space. The analysisof the spatial distribution of unemployment allows for the description of the labor market,acting as a tool to design public policies.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE REGIONS’ ECONOMIC ACTIVITY EVALUATION IN RUSSIA, 2012-2016
Authors: KURCHENKOV Vladimir Viktorovich , FETISOVA Olga Vladimirovna , ORLOVA Anastasiya Andreyevna , GLADKAYA Elena Andreevna
Published: March 2021

The article presents the systems of evaluating the regions’ economic activity, whichcomprise various components. The regions’ economic activity evaluation is done mostlythrough different rankings, which can generally be classified into: global and national. Theanalysis of the rankings’ dynamics in 2012-2016 has shown that the Russian innovationactivity is rising on the international level. Such a tendency is considered to be positive inthe modern economic conditions, however the innovation activity needs to be accelerated.According to the national level rankings, there are 3 regions in the Russian Federation,which managed to apply their innovation potential better than other Russian Federationregions. Thus, various level rankings help defining the strengths and weaknesses of aregion’s innovation development, that in future can become the basis for leadingcoordinated innovation policy.
AULA INVERTIDA EN EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA: APRENDIZAJE, MOTIVACIÓN Y TIEMPO DE PRÁCTICA MOTRIZ
Authors: Campos-Gutiérrez L.M. , Sellés-Pérez S. , García-Jaén M. , Ferriz-Valero A.
Published: March 2021

La metodología Flipped Learning (FL) está emergiendo como un enfoque pedagógico innovador que enriquece el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje mediante el uso de las TIC. Este estudio pretende evaluar los efectos de su aplicación práctica en las clases de EF de ESO. Para ello, se desarrolló la misma Unidad didáctica sobre Pelota Valenciana en 7 grupos de 1º ESO, aplicando dos metodologías diferentes: FL (FLIP) o tradicional (TRAD). Se evaluaron los niveles de aprendizaje, motivación y tiempo de práctica motriz pre y post intervención. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias significativas entre ambas metodologías, con respecto a la motivación y al nivel de aprendizaje (p = 0,633). Sin embargo, los tiempos de práctica motriz de FLIP fueron mayores en comparación con TRAD (p = 0,034). En conclusión, obteniendo similares niveles de aprendizaje y motivación, el enfoque FL logró un mayor tiempo de práctica motriz en los estudiantes durante las clases de EF.