bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermally Oxidized Cooking Palm Oil-Induced Histopathological Alterations in Brain, Heart, Liver, and Kidney: A Systematic Review of Lipid Peroxidation and Inflammatory Mechanisms
Authors: Nimas Ayu Nirwanti  , Ahmad Aulia Jusuf
Published: February 2025

Background: Repeated heating of cooking palm oils at high temperatures generates various toxic compounds, including lipid peroxidation products. These compounds are implicated in various diseases through oxidative stress and inflammation. This systematic review aims to evaluate the histopathological effects of thermally oxidized cooking oil (TOCO) consumption on the brain, heart, liver, and kidney, focusing on the roles of lipid peroxidation and inflammation.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using predefined keywords and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Studies published between 2013 and 2024 investigating the histopathological effects of TOCO on the specified organs were included. Data on histopathological changes, markers of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA], 4-hydroxynonenal [4-HNE]), and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) were extracted.
Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. The data revealed consistent histopathological changes across all four organs. In the brain, neuronal degeneration, astrogliosis, and microglial activation were observed. The heart exhibited cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The liver showed hepatocyte necrosis, steatosis, and inflammation. The kidneys presented with tubular necrosis, glomerular damage, and interstitial fibrosis. Elevated levels of MDA and 4-HNE were consistently reported in all affected tissues, along with increased expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.
Conclusion: Consumption of TOCO induces significant histopathological damage in the brain, heart, liver, and kidney. The observed damage is strongly associated with increased lipid peroxidation and inflammatory responses. These findings highlight the potential health risks associated with consuming repeatedly heated cooking oils and underscore the need for public health awareness and strategies to mitigate these risks.
BREATHING STONE
Authors: Tomasetti Sarah
Published: February 2025

Artist Sarah Tomasetti takes us into the deep time of the lime cycle used in fresco painting, proposing a practice of corresponding with material processes rather than controlling them tightly. Her proposals for small acts of repair in our interactions with the land include a recipe for a fresco wall that requires some months or years to make.
BODIES OF WATER IN ENTIRELY UNNATURAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Satkūnas Giedrius , Zabulytė Austėja
Published: February 2025

Giedrius Satkūnas and Austėja Zabulytė, a duo of young artists, investigate the dynamics of so-called “unnatural” conditions in the urban landscape, transporting aquatic life into their bedroom for a short and easy-to-replicate experiment. Life prevails against the odds.
Pengaruh Beban Kerja dan Keseimbangan Kehidupan Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan Pada TVRI Stasiun Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Astika Fifi Sri , Musa Muh. Ichwan , Maulana M. Ikhwan , Akbar Abdi , Darmawan Uhud
Published: February 2025

This research aims to find out the influence of workload and work life balance on employee work productivity at TVRI South Sulawesi Station. The variables in this study consist of free variables, namely workload and work-life balance, and bound variables, namely employee work productivity. The population in this study is all employees of TVRI South Sulawesi Station. Sampling techniques use the Purposive sampling technique and use the slovin formula in determining the number of samples. The data collection technique used is observation and questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS Software version 25 for hypothesis proof. The results of this study show that the workload has a partially significant effect on employee work productivity at TVRI South Sulawesi Station. Also, work-life balance has a partial significant effect on employee work productivity at TVRI South Sulawesi Station. Then, workload and work-life balance have a significant simultaneous impact on employee work productivity at TVRI South Sulawesi Station
Analysis of the Health Level of Sharia Savings and Loan Cooperatives in the Regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives
Authors: Sudirawarda Suci Utami , Afif M. Nur , Aziz Ayi Jamaludin
Published: February 2025

Cooperatives act as institutions that are able to collect and create economic strength collectively to achieve a better level of welfare for their members. Regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs Number 9 of 2020 stipulates the method of assessing the Cooperative Health Level as a guide to objectively assessing cooperative performance consisting of risk profiles, financial performance and capital. This study aims to analyze the health level of KSPPS BMT Binaul Ummah Bogor City for the 2019-2023 period using a quantitative descriptive approach with primary and secondary data sources. The assessment was carried out based on the concept contained in the Regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs Number 9 of 2020 and Technical Instructions Number 15 of 2021, and supported by documentation, interview, and literature study methods. The results of the study showed that this cooperative had a score of 12.00 with a healthy category for risk profiles, a score of 90.00 with a healthy category for financial performance, and a score of 6.90 with a category under special supervision for capital. Overall, the Cooperative obtained a total score of 108.9 with a healthy predicate.
The Influence of Occupational Safety, Occupational Health, and Work Discipline on Employee Performance
Authors: Alamsyah Nur , Kuswandi Kuswandi , Rahayu Sri
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of occupational safety, occupational health, and work discipline on employee performance at PT. SLI. The research method used is quantitative with saturated sampling technique, where the entire population of 70 employees is used as a sample. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires, while data analysis used multiple linear regression. The results of the study indicate that occupational safety, occupational health, and work discipline partially have a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Simultaneously, the three variables also contribute positively and significantly to employee performance, with a determination coefficient value of 89.1%. This confirms that the factors of safety, health, and work discipline play a very important role in improving performance in this company engaged in the transportation and processing of B3 waste. This study is expected to provide practical contributions to human resource management at PT. SLI and become a reference for similar research in other industrial sectors.
Implementasi peranan suami istri berdasarkan efesus 5:21-33 di kalangan jemaat
Authors: Marbun Pardomuan
Published: February 2025

Efesus 5:21-33 mengajarkan bahwa pernikahan adalah gambaran hubungan Kristus dengan jemaat. Kristus berperan sebagai Kepala dan Jemaat adalah tubuh. Demikianlah pernikahan, dimana suami berperan sebagai kepala dan istri sebagai tubuh. Namun berbeda dengan fakta di dalam jemaat, dimana masih ada suami maupun istri yang kurang memahami peranannya sehingga menimbulkan masalah di dalam pernikahan. Masalah ini secara khusus terjadi di kalangan Jemaat GSJA Bethesda Ministry Batam. Oleh karena itulah penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman jemaat dalam mengimplementasikan peranan suami-istri dalam kehidupan pernikahan. Untuk menemukan tujuan yang dimaksudkan maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah pertama, pemahaman jemaat mengenai peranan suami istri berdasarkan Efesus 5:21-33 ada pada kategori memahami. Kedua Indikator yang dominan mempengaruhi adalah istri tunduk kepada suami dalam segala hal. Ketiga latar belakang yang dominan mempengaruhi adalah pendidikan terakhir.
Kata-kata kunci: Implementasi, Peranan Suami Istri, Efesus
Mengajarkan Sikap Patriotisme Melalui Pemaknaan Roma 9:3
Authors: Anggraini Nidia , Dominggus Dicky
Published: February 2025

Patriotisme merupakan sikap yang perlu dimiliki orang percaya dalam kaitan memiliki beban bagi orang-orang yang belum menerima keselamatan. Hal ini menjadi penting bahkan sikap patriotisme harus diajarkan kembali di dalam gereja. Semua ini disebabkan oleh menurunya penginjilan yang di lakukan oleh orang percaya, kurangnya kepedulian terhadap orang-orang yang belum menerima keselamatan hingga pada akhirnya mengakibatkan gereja lupa akan tugas utamanya di dunia. Di dalam Roma 9:3, Paulus menuliskan sikap patriotisme kepada bangsanya. Ia menuliskan bahwa mau terkutuk dan terpisah dari Kristus. Dengan penelitian kualitatif dan metode historikal gramatikal ditemukan bahwa maksud dari Paulus menuliskan ia mau terkutuk dan terpisah dari Kristus sebagai ekspresi kepedulian seseorang terhadap keselamatan bangsanya. Dari tulisan Paulus, orang percaya dapat memiliki sikap patriot bagi orang yang belum menerima keselamatan dan gereja dapat mengajarkan pentingnya patriotisme melalui kotbah, seminar dan pelatihan.
Kata Kunci: patriotisme; Paulus; Roma 9:3
Baptisan Roh Kudus dalam Perspektif Pentakotal
Authors: Stevanus Kalis , Panjaitan Firman
Published: February 2025

Baptisan Roh Kudus merupakan salah satu doktrin penting dalam iman Kristen. Tulisan ini hendak mendeskripsikan sejarah lahirnya gerakan Pentakostalisme dan pendapat Pentakostal tentang ajaran baptisan Roh Kudus. Tujuannya agar para pembaca baik kelompok Pentakostal maupun non Pentakostal dapat mengetahui sejarah lahirnya gerakan Pentakostalisme dan secara khusus dapat memahami pandangan Pentakostal mengenai ajaran baptisan Roh Kudus. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi literatur. Hasil penelusuran literatur dari sumber primer, yaitu para tokoh Pentakostal, maka diperoleh kesimpulan: pertama, baptisan Roh Kudus sebagai berkat kedua setelah lahir baru atau diselamatkan. Kedua, baptisan Roh Kudus diperuntukkan bagi semua orang percaya sebagai perlengkapan pelayanan, dan ketiga, baptisan Roh Kudus harus diminta dan diupayakan dengan iman dan sungguh merindukan melalui doa dan penyerahan diri pada Tuhan. Keempat, baptisan Roh Kudus selalu ditandai dengan berbahasa lidah. Terakhir, karunia bahasa roh tidak berhenti pada zaman para Rasul, melainkan terus berlanjut hingga sekarang.
Perintah Kelima: Suatu Prinsip yang Menandai Kehidupan Orang Percaya
Authors: Retjelina Dorkas
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is for every believer to understand and carry out the commandments to obey and respect their parents. There are many cases where children disobey their parents and lead to conflicts. They sued their parents to court and someone had the heart to kill their parents. Why is that? Don't they know the timeless principle of honoring parents? Several articles have written about obedience and respect for parents, but the emphasis on obedience and respect for people who are worthy of being called parents and the broader consequences of obedient and respectful behavior is not emphasized. Through qualitative research methods of biblical studies, this paper will explain that the correct understanding of the fifth commandment in Deuteronomy 5 verse 16 is very important teaching. That is why this research focuses on Deuteronomy chapter 5 about the giving of the Ten Words and specifically on verse 16 which talks about honoring parents. To achieve the proof, the first part will describe cases of disobedience of children to parents that lead to conflicts. The second part exegesizes Deuteronomy chapter 5 verse 16. The third part shows the importance of respecting parents.
Netiquette In Cyber Religion: Implementasi Kasih Kepada Allah Dan Kepada Manusia
Authors: Christina Endah
Published: February 2025

Mengingat dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh konten-konten berbasis agama di cyber space, maka tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk menunjukkan pentingnya netiquette atau etika beinternet oleh para contain creator Kristen dalam praktek cyber religion yang bersumber dari ajaran Tuhan Yesus.  Pempimpin umat bertugas mentransmisi dan mengawal ajaran agama sehingga iman jemaat dibangun dan misi gereja dapat diwujudkan.  Sebagai agama yang misioner, cyber space akan semakin mempercepat dan mempermudahnya.  Sejak awal pandemi, gereja melakukan ibadah online dan ini merupakan momentum bagi banyak pemimpin atau umat Kristen menciptakan ruang-ruang berbasis agama di media elektronik dan media sosial.  Euforia ini sangat baik, namun penggunaan yang kurang memperhatikan etiket pada cyber religion akan mengakibatkan dampak sebaliknya.  Untuk mempersempit penelitian, artikel ini berfokus pada pedoman etika berinternet pada website dan kanal YouTube yang dilakukan contain creator Kristen.  Dalam penelitian sebelumnya, sudah ada yang meneliti tentang dakwah dan cyber space dalam konteks agama Islam, sebuah penelitian terhadap pemanfaatan YouTube sebagai media berkotbah Kristen di masa pandemi, dan sebuah tulisan tentang netiquette secara umum.  Namun dalam konteks agama Kristen, belum ada yang meneliti netiquette dalam cyber religion.  Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka, paper ini berkesimpulan bahwa netiquette sangat penting bagi para contain maker Kristen yang melakukan praktek cyber religion.  Untuk mendukung argumentasi utama, artikel ini disusun sebagai berikut: bagian pertama, pemahaman  cyber religion.  Kedua, pemanfaatan cyber religion.  Ketiga, etiket dalam cyber religion  Kata kunci: cyber religion, netiquette, etiket berinternet, etika berinternet, cyber faith.
Pentingnya Memahami Finalitas Kristus sebagai Dasar Iman yang Menyelamatkan ditengah isu Relativisme Agama
Authors: Mauclau Ivo Arbie , Stevanus Kalis
Published: February 2025

Isu relativisme, merupakan ancaman yang sangat serius bagi kehidupan beragama khususnya iman Kristen saat ini. Hal ini dilihat dari konsep bahwa segala sesuatu yang bersifat kebenaran tidak dapat dimutlakkan, disebabkan setiap elemen pembentuk masyarakat memiliki cara pandang yang berbeda dan tidak dapat saling memutlakkan. Pemaparan artikel ini; guna bertujuan memberikan pentingnya pemahaman Finalitas Kristus sebagai dasar iman yang menyelamatkan di tengah isu relativisme agama. adapun penelitian ini menggunakan metode fenomenologi disertai deskriptif kualitatif yang didukung studi kepustakaan yang didapat dari sumber literature. Sehingga kesimpulan berdasakan kajian tersebut diperoleh hasil bahwa, dewasa kristen saat ini untuk tidak terjebak dan terus memegang prinsip Finalitas Kristus sebagai Keselamatan yang tidak dapat diganggu gugat.
Pandemi Covid-19 dan Spiritualitas Pentakosta
Authors: Christina Endah , Harianja Vivi Veronica
Published: February 2025

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan pengaruh pandemi Covid-19 terhadap spiritualitas Pentakosta para pendeta.  Pandemi Covid-19 telah melumpuhkan semua sendi kehidupan manusia di dunia ini, termasuk sendi keagamaan.  Selain perkumpulan peribadatan tidak dapat dilangsungkan, secara spiritual, terjadi goncangan yang signifikan yang diakibatkan kelemahan ekonomi.  Iman dan pengharapan tidak lagi ditujukan kepada Sang Pemilik Kehidupan.  Namun, beberapa orang mencari jalan pintas dengan merampok, mencuri dan menipu.  Ada pula yang bunuh diri karena tidak mampu memahami dan mengatasi situasi wabah ini.  Apakah situasi serupa ini juga terjadi di antara para pendeta Wilayah V Pematang Siantar.  Melalui ancangan penelitian kualitatif lapangan dengan rancangan studi kasus dan metode wawancara sebagai tehnik pengumpulan datanya, penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pandemi Covid-19 justru menyebabkan spiritualitas Pentakosta semakin meningkat.  Untuk mendukung argumentasi ini, maka artikel ini disusun: pertama, pandemi Covid-19 dan dampaknya di berbagai bidang termasuk keagamaan.  Kedua, karakteristik spiritualitas Pentakosta.  Ketiga, pengaruh pandemi terhadap spiritualitas Pentakosta.
Trajektori Pentakostalisme di Indonesia: Menulis Ulang Sejarah, Teologi, dan Identitas Kenusantaraan
Authors: Tambunan Elia
Published: February 2025

Lewat studi kritik sejarah dengan pendekatan kualitatif, mengumpulkan data historis dari sumber data yang telah terpublikasi di sejumlah literatur, ditemukan bahwa Pantekostalisme di Indonesia, (dilihat dari sejarah, tokoh, isi teologi, maupun identitas) ialah varian tersendiri. Kesejarahannya memiliki trajektori khas tidak bisa disamakan dengan Pantekosta di kawasan dunia lain. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memasukkan Pantekostalisme terhadap studi Pentakostalisme global yang belum terpikirkan peneliti sebelumnya. Pantekostalisme sebagai sumbangsih untuk mengoreksi memori kolektif tentang sejarah gereja-gereja Pantekostal Indonesia dari masa formatifnya di era kolonialisme Hindia Belanda yang secara serampangan disebut sambungan gerakan Azusa Street, Amerika secara langsung. Juga, Pantekostalisme sebagai proyek akademik dengan menggunakan studi kawasan global dan nilai-nilai lokal untuk memulai penulisan ulang sejarah gereja Asia agar distingsi Pantekostalisme dari Indonesia tampak.
Manajemen Kepemimpinan Kristen dalam Menggerakkan Misi Jemaat Lokal di GPdI Gloria Tanjung Mulia
Authors: Purba Sudiarjo , Naibaho Lambot , Nadeak Bernadetha
Published: February 2025

Pemimpin adalah posisi sentral dalam organisasi. Pemimpin yang mampu memanejemen kepemimpinannya akan mampu menggerakkan organisai yang dipimpin mencapai tujuan dan program kerja organisasinya. Misi dalam perintisan dan pendirian rumah ibadah GPdI Efata Desa Muara Bahar Kecamatan Bayung Lencir menarik untuk diteliti karena memiliki proses pendirian yang begitu dinamis dan mulai dari perintisan sampai pelantikan gembala sidang walaupun sebagian besar dari kegiatan perintisan dan pendirian gereja tersebut terdampak pandemi covid-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguraikan tentang bagaimana manajemen kepemimpinan kristen yang berhubungan dengan misi gereja lokal dalam perintisan dan pendirian rumah ibadah dengan proses yang tidak mudah karena adanya pergumulan yang bersifat internal dan eksternal. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara riil berdasarkan fakta di lapangan (field research) yang kemudian menemukan tiga temuan penting terkait manajemen kepemimpinan dalam menggerakkan misi jemaat lokal. Pertama, kemampuan pemimpin untuk mengambil keputusan dan arahan sangat diperlukan. Kedua, pemimpin melibatkan diri persoalan sebagai bentuk aksi dan kontrol. Ketiga, kemampuan pemimpin dalam menggerakkan kerelaan dan kerjasama yang baik menghasilkan percepatan misi ditinjau dari segi waktu dan materi.
Teologi Paulus Tentang Penuh Dengan Roh Kudus Menurut Efesus 5:18
Authors: Siburian Mardahai
Published: February 2025

Istilah penuh dengan Roh Kudus adalah sebuah istilah yang tidak asing lagi dalam kekristenan, khususnya dalam kalangan Pentakosta-Kharismatik. Berdasarkan Efesus 5:18, istilah penuh dengan Roh Kudus ini telah menimbulkan beberapa pengertian di kalangan gereja. Ada yang mengatakan bahwa seseorang yang penuh dengan Roh Kudus adalah apabila seseorang itu dapat berbahasa roh. Pendapat ini mengatakan bahwa berbahasa roh adalah satu-satunya tanda seseorang dipenuhi dengan Roh Kudus. Pendapat lain berkata bahwa seseorang yang penuh dengan Roh Kudus tidak harus ditandai dengan berbahasa roh, dan bahasa roh bukan satu-satunya tanda seseorang yang dipenuhi dengan Roh Kudus. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian literatur dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksposisi dalam Efesus 5:18. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan konsep atau teologi rasul Paulus tentang arti atau makna penuh dengan Roh Kudus berdasarkan Efesus 5:18. Dengan demikian gereja memiliki pemahaman yang benar apa arti dan makna sebenarnya dari penuh dengan Roh Kudus.
Nilai-Nilai Spiritualitas Pentakosta Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Di Era Postmodern
Authors: Hutagaol John , Nayoan Charly , Kana Stefanus
Published: February 2025

Spiritualitas Pentakosta, yang muncul pada awal abad ke-20, merupakan bagian esensial dari gerakan Kristen global. Gerakan ini menitikberatkan pada pengalaman pribadi dan langsung dengan Roh Kudus, yang ditandai oleh berbicara dalam bahasa roh, penyembuhan ilahi, dan pengalaman spiritual. Sebagai respons terhadap kekakuan agama institusional, gerakan ini menekankan kembali pada pengalaman langsung dengan Tuhan, sesuai dengan Kisah Para Rasul. Dengan pertumbuhan eksponensial, gerakan Pentakosta telah menyebar secara global dan menjadi signifikan dalam Kristen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi relevansi nilai-nilai Spiritualitas Pentakosta dalam menjawab tantangan umat manusia di era Postmodern. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan, mencakup analisis jurnal, buku, dan sumber online. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa di era Postmodern yang penuh ketidakpastian dan keragaman nilai, peran Roh Kudus sebagai panduan, penghibur, dan pembimbing spiritual menjadi semakin vital, menekankan pada perpaduan antara tradisi dan inovasi dalam menjawab tantangan zaman.
Menjaga Kesucian Seksual di Era Modern: Integritas Spiritual Remaja
Authors: Herman Samuel
Published: February 2025

This study explores the dynamics of moral issues among adolescents with a focus on sexual integrity. Using a literature review approach, the research discusses the key roles of spiritual, moral, and emotional maturity, as well as the application of religious values in understanding and maintaining sexual integrity. The analysis of Joseph's life in Genesis 39 highlights that integrity is not limited by external situations but is closely related to the foundation of individual maturity. The conclusion emphasizes the crucial role of parents, teachers, and spiritual leaders in guiding the younger generation towards sexual integrity. The foundation of this maturity needs to be integrated into adolescent education to shape individuals who are moral, resilient, and capable of facing the challenges of the times.
Ajaran Penggembalaan Berdasarkan 1 Timotius 4:1-16 dan Implikasinya Bagi GESBA SHALOOM TAAS, Manado
Authors: Ngamon Daud A , Pangkey Lidya Naomi , Nendissa Julio Eleazer
Published: February 2025

Ajaran pelayanan penggembalaan wajib dilakukan oleh seorang gembala sidang sehingga bisa mencapai tujuan sebagai hamba Tuhan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini penting mempelajari ajaran-ajaran tentang etika pelayanan penggembalaan yang berlandaskan pada 1 Timotius 4:1-16. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ajaran-ajaran dan etika pelayanan penggembalaan 1 Timotius 4:1-16 bagi sidang gembala di Gesba Shaloom Taas Manado. Tulisan ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutik serta mengumpulkan data berupa wawancara. Penelitian ini mendapati adanya ajaran-ajaran dan etika pelayanan penggembalaan yang berdasarkan pada 1 Timotius 4:1-16 sehingga mendapatkan data terkait tujuan pelayanan bagi gembala sidang, tahap-tahap pelayanan gembala sidang, dan implikasi bagi gereja Gesba Shaloom Taas Manado.
Konsep Pertanggungjawaban oleh Benefical Ownership dalam Menjalankan Kegiatan Korporasi
Authors: Ahmad Fahrurozi Fadhli
Published: February 2025

Beneficial ownership merupakan konsep dalam mengetahui siapa penerima manfaat terhadap suatu korporasi. Hal tersebut menjadi bentuk pencegahan terhapa tindakan pencucian uang dari tindakan pidana dengan menggunakan korporasi. Namun, mengetahui siapa penerima beneficial ownership tentu harus juga dimintai pertanggungjawabannya. Dalam hal ini penulis ingin mengemukakan bagaimana pengaturan beneficial ownership dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia dan bagaimana bentuk pertanggungjawaban beneficial ownership terhadap kegiatan usaha perseroan dan yayasan sebagai fokus pembahasan penulis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif atau dikenal juga penelitian hukum doktrinal dengan bahan hukumnya yaitu bahan hukum primer sekunder dan tersier. Teknik penelusuran pun dilakukan dengan studi pustaka dan penalaran menggunakan deduktif. Hasil dari penelitiannya adalah bahwa setiap korporasi wajib untuk menyampaikan beneficial ownership karena  pemilik beneficial ownership merupakan pihak paling tinggi kedudukannya. Selain itu bentuk pertanggungjawabannya kembali pada kedudukan beneficial ownership nya di mana apakah jabatan yang diduduki sebagaimana diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan Indonesia.
Early Grain Growth in the Young Protostellar Disk HH 212 Supported by Dust Self-scattering Modeling
Authors: Hu 胡 Ying-Chi 英祈 , Lee 李 Chin-Fei 景輝 , Lin 林 Zhe-Yu Daniel 哲宇 , Li Zhi-Yun , Tobin John J. , Lai 賴 Shih-Ping 詩萍
Published: February 2025

Grain growth in disks around young stars plays a crucial role in the formation of planets. Early grain growth has been suggested in the HH 212 protostellar disk by previous polarization observations. To confirm it and to determine the grain size, we analyze high-resolution multiband observations of the disk obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in bands 9 (0.4 mm), 7 (0.9 mm), 6 (1.3 mm), and 3 (3 mm), as well as with the Very Large Array (VLA) in band Ka (9 mm), and we present new VLA data in bands Q (7 mm), K (1.3 cm), and X (3 cm). We adopt a parameterized flared disk model to fit the continuum maps of the disk in these bands and derive the opacities, albedos, and opacity spectral index β of the dust in the disk, taking into account the dust scattering ignored in the previous work modeling the multiband data of this source. For the VLA bands, we only include the band Q data in our modeling to avoid free–free emission contamination. The obtained opacities, albedos, and opacity spectral index β (with a value of  ∼1.2) suggest that the upper limit of maximum grain size in the disk should be  ∼130 μm, consistent with that implied in the previous polarization observations in band 7, supporting the grain growth in this disk. The values of the absorption opacities further highlight the need for a new dust composition model for Class 0/I disks.
Politiser l’exploitation pétrolière au nom de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique : le cas de la campagne électorale de 2021 en Norvège
Authors: Troïlo Lolita , Arnauld de Sartre Xavier
Published: February 2025

La Norvège présente une ambiguïté fondamentale : « championne du climat », elle encourage l’expansion de ses industries fossiles. Cet article analyse comment le mouvement social contre le changement climatique dispute cette contradiction à l’occasion de la campagne électorale de 2021. Il éclaire la construction dépétrolisée de la transition écologique – qui passe sous silence l’exploration pétrolière – et la façon dont de nouveaux acteurs (en particulier Extinction Rebellion) s’organisent pour mettre la question au centre du débat national. En s’appuyant sur des observations et entretiens, il propose une définition du mouvement, une analyse des ressorts de l’argumentaire critique et des stratégies pour rendre visible « l’éléphant dans la pièce ». L’ensemble de ces logiques donne à voir un cas de démocratisation des griefs pétroclimatiques, mais une absence d’écologisation des politiques du fossile. L’article contribue à une meilleure compréhension des dynamiques internes du mouvement social norvégien et du sens donné à la modernisation écologique.
Méthanisation, modernisation écologique et multifonctionnalité agricole : la diversité des trajectoires d’évolution
Authors: Jutteau Paul
Published: February 2025

La transition énergétique allemande constitue un exemple de politique de modernisation écologique, c’est-à-dire l’adaptation du système économique et politique actuel aux enjeux écologiques par des réformes progressives. En associant la théorie de la modernisation écologique avec celle de la multifonctionnalité agricole, le présent travail étudie une énergie renouvelable, la méthanisation, et ses implications pour l’activité agricole. L’étude de trajectoires d’évolution de l’activité dans près de 70 exploitations agricoles étudiées par des entretiens compréhensifs auprès des agriculteurs permettra de confronter les évolutions de la politique de soutien envers la méthanisation avec les réalités de terrain. Le travail mettra en évidence le rôle déterminant des politiques fédérales dans ces trajectoires tout en expliquant leur diversité par la capacité des acteurs à mobiliser les différents instruments de soutien, leurs ressources propres et celles du territoire.
Pour une démarche géographique en santé environnementale
Authors: Hellequin Anne Peggy , Rican Stéphane
Published: February 2025

La santé environnementale constitue aujourd’hui un enjeu majeur des politiques publiques, tant au plan mondial qu’à l’échelle locale. Par son approche systémique, intégrant l’analyse des déterminants de la santé, à différentes échelles spatiales la géographie permet de replacer les différents enjeux de santé dans les choix d’aménagement et de développement des territoires. Elle peut éclairer les débats, en focalisant sur les inégalités en matière de santé et sur les liens réciproques entretenus entre les dynamiques socio-territoriales et les dynamiques sanitaires. Cette démarche engage de nombreux défis méthodologiques et scientifiques.
Phenomenon of AI-Driven Traffic Flow Prediction
Authors: Dey Snehasis
Published: February 2025

Due to excessive usage of artificial intelligence and sudden expansion of Internet of Things, research on smart city and intelligent transportation system have intensified in current times. Traffic system design and traffic flow prediction is evolving as a hot topic among all stakeholders. Traffic system design must be done effectively by the integration of AI and its supporting technologies. Different critical issue like traffic congestion, designing traffic flow, and forecasting future traffic management must be addressed properly through the integration of AI. This chapter dives into the basic phenomenon of AI driven traffic flow prediction in smart cities. It proposes a design model of intelligent traffic system that includes different machine learning algorithms. It reviews AI utilization in traffic system and provides a comprehensive study for future research. Some specific open challenges in this regard are discussed and future research path is explored.
Support Model to Promote College Opportunities for TRIO Multicultural Multilingual Students in Rural
Authors: Jones Jennifer-Kristina , Dinh Hanh
Published: February 2025

According to the Council for Opportunity, the Federal TRIO Programs assist nearly 875,000 low-income students ranging from sixth-grade through adult education from disadvantaged backgrounds (first-generation college, low-income or underrepresented students, or students with disabilities) throughout their academic development. Participating students coming from different cultural and racial backgrounds: 39 percent are White, 36 percent are African American, 16 percent are Hispanic, 5 percent are Native American, 4 percent are Asian American, and 16,000 TRIO students who have disabilities. This case study advocates for and details a comprehensive support model and initiatives to provide intentional assistance and services to TRIO-granted and TRIO-eligible multicultural multilingual students. Findings from Academic Support administrators, staff, and students' interviews supported an interculturally-oriented integrated model via the provision of mentorship, tutoring, fostering cultural awareness, and capitalizing on students' linguistic and cultural resources to boost academic performance and retention. The study suggests ways to leverage a university's capabilities to cultivate the program's inclusive learning environment that honors and respects students' diverse cultural and language viewpoints.
Enhance University Students' Intercultural Competence With Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL)
Authors: Tran Long , Hoang Hoa
Published: February 2025

Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) has emerged as an innovative pedagogical approach to bridging cultural gaps in English language education context where opportunities for real-world English practice and intercultural engagement are often limited outside the classroom. This study explores how Vietnamese and Taiwanese university students demonstrate their intercultural competence through their participation in an eight-week COIL project. The project involved 11 first-year EFL students from a Vietnamese university and 13 students from a Taiwanese college. Data were collected through student reflection reports and in-depth interviews and analyzed in light of Deardorff's (2006) process model of intercultural competence. The findings highlight students' nuanced demonstration of their intercultural knowledge, skills, and attitudes during the COIL project. The students demonstrated curiosity, openness, and respect from the outset, and these attitudes were further developed through the project. Ultimately, the project not only improved their communication skills and cultural awareness but also forged lasting cross-border friendships, underscoring the value of intercultural competence in building meaningful global connections.
Challenges and Opportunities in Career Transitioning From Employment to Entrepreneurship
Authors: Rajini J. , Chandra Saurabh , Parmar Dhara Vinod , Trivedi Nishant Bhuvanesh , Rakesh D. , Boopathi S.
Published: February 2025

Transitioning from a traditional job to founding a startup is both challenging and rewarding. Critical challenges aspiring entrepreneurs are faced with include financial instability, uncertainty of success, deficiency in some skills, and the psychological shift required from structured work environments into the dynamic, often unpredictable, world of startups. However, the chapter also contains the great opportunities which come by its side, like financial independence, creative freedom, and making an impact. This chapter assists readers in knowing the intricacies of how to navigate career change through practical advice and telling real examples of experiences while showing that the mindset, strategy, and maximization of skills and network are all a big part of it. Whether you are thinking of taking the plunge with an entrepreneurial idea or you're already on that path, the chapter will be very instrumental in giving you valuable hints and tips for success in the new venture.
Democratization in the Age of Algorithms
Authors: Aragani Venu Madhav , Anumolu Venkateswara Rao , Selvakumar P.
Published: February 2025

As AI technologies rapidly advance, they reshape how democratic processes are conducted and experienced, offering novel ways to enhance citizen engagement, policy-making, and governance. The integration of AI into democratic to improve efficiency, transparency, and inclusivity. However, these benefits come with complexities and risks that need to be carefully managed to preserve democratic values and ensure equitable outcomes. AI's influence on democratization is profound, impacting various aspects of democratic governance. One of the primary opportunities AI offers is the enhancement of citizen engagement. AI-powered tools, such as chatbots and sentiment analysis algorithms, can facilitate more meaningful interactions between citizens and their representatives. Additionally, AI-driven platforms can streamline public consultations and participatory processes, broadening the scope of democratic participation and making governance more responsive to the needs of diverse populations. Policy-making is another area where AI holds considerable promise
Challenges of Democratization in the Age of AI
Authors: Kiilu Tommy Kibera
Published: February 2025

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into democratic governance presents significant opportunities alongside profound challenges. This chapter examines AI's dual role as an enhancer of democratic processes and a potential threat if not carefully managed. AI can improve government efficiency, decision-making, and citizen participation but raises ethical concerns around equity, transparency, accountability, and democratic values. Issues such as algorithmic bias, data diversity, and power centralization are explored, emphasizing the need for transparency to prevent social and economic inequalities. The chapter highlights the global dimensions of AI governance, addressing its varied impacts across political, economic, and cultural contexts and the importance of international cooperation in establishing ethical standards and regulatory frameworks. Futures of AI-driven democracy are considered, from optimistic scenarios enhancing governance to dystopian outcomes exacerbating authoritarianism.
Global Dimension of Renewable Energy
Authors: Chitadze Nika
Published: February 2025

The research describes the role of renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass) in the era of energy transition and transformation, as well as the future impact of these resources on geopolitical processes. The main research question of the chapter is to determine the expected geopolitical changes in the era of energy transformation from traditional sources of energy to green energy, as well as to describe the expected changes in the international system and, in general, whether the transition mentioned above will become a new phase of Geopolitics. There are analyzed different sectors of green energy, such as hydro energy, wind energy, bio energy, solar energy etc.
Global Renewable Energy Transition Challenges and Strategic Solutions
Authors: Balakrishnan P.
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the critical challenges countries face in adopting renewable energy, focusing on financial, technological, social, environmental, and geopolitical barriers. High initial costs, such as $1,000–$2,500 per kW for solar photovoltaic systems and $1.3–$2.2 million per MW for wind turbines, impede progress, particularly in developing nations where financing gaps exceed $1 trillion annually. Social resistance, with up to 60% of wind projects rejected due to noise or land use concerns, further complicates adoption. Environmental issues, such as 78 million metric tons of solar panel waste projected by 2050, add urgency to finding sustainable solutions. The chapter highlights innovative strategies like green credit guarantee schemes and agrovoltaics, emphasizing the role of international cooperation and tailored policies. These approaches are essential for overcoming barriers and achieving global renewable energy targets, ensuring sustainable energy transitions.
Renewable Energy and International Law
Authors: Mansoor Sheikh Inam Ul
Published: February 2025

This chapter looks at the intersection of international law with renewable energy in a changing geopolitical environment, with attention to the call for strong legal frameworks in facilitating the transition of the global energy sector to a more renewable base. It assesses present legislation and part of the international law in creating policies of sustainable energy and the current gaps of policy coherence of the member countries with the Paris Agreement. Further, the chapter is aimed at examine the relationship between the trade law and the subsidies on renewable energy, the investment protections, and the legal hazards for investors. Specifically, new geopolitical actors such as rare earth materials and seaborne energy routes highlight energy diplomacy as a vital sector for efficient governance. Proposing legal reforms in this chapter based on case studies of international arbitration, it supports measures to build stronger partnerships for sustaining global relations to pave the way for a safer and more effective energy future.
Bibliometric Assessment of Energy Research in Pakistan
Authors: Mirza Faisal Mehmood , Qurat-ul-Ann Abre-Rehmat
Published: February 2025

This chapter identifies the most influential publications, journals, authors, and organizations working on energy research in Pakistan domestically and globally by analyzing the trends in existing energy research in Pakistan, the key research areas, and the future directions to provide solutions to the domestic problems connected to ongoing energy-related challenges globally with local implications. The bibliometric analysis covers the research publications in the Elsevier Scopus Database on energy from 2001- 2023. Keyword energy highlighted 4450 research publications for Pakistan with top contributing institutions; Quaid-i-Azam University, University of the Punjab, and National University of Science and Technology. Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, China, Malaysia, South Korea, and the United Kingdom are the top countries involved in energy research. Subject areas excelling in energy research in Pakistan are Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Material Sciences, Energy, and Social Sciences. RSC Advances and Sustainability are the top journals with several publications on energy research.
Challenges Faced by Countries in Renewable Energy Adoption
Authors: Debnath Pranoy , Deshmukh Satyajit M. , Laroia Megha , Selvakumar P. , Manjunath T. C. , Bhattacharya Sumanta
Published: February 2025

This shift is not uniform, however, and varies significantly across different regions due to diverse economic, environmental, and policy contexts. In advanced economies like the European Union and the United States, renewable energy adoption is largely driven by robust policy frameworks, technological advancements, and a high degree of public awareness about climate change. For instance, the European Union's Green Deal and the United States' Inflation Reduction Act exemplify ambitious policy commitments aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and accelerating the deployment of renewable technologies. These regions benefit from well-established infrastructure, substantial financial investments, and a relatively high level of technological innovation, which collectively support the integration of renewable energy into existing energy systems. While these regions often have significant untapped renewable resources—such as abundant solar and wind potential—they may encounter barriers such as limited financial resources, and less mature regulatory frameworks.
Energy as a Service (EaaS) in Emerging Green Economy
Authors: Asuni Olasubomi Hafees , Matthew Ugochukwu Okwudili , Adesina Oluwaseun Jeremiah , Fatai Lateef Olawale , Ebong Godwin Nse , Oforgu Chukwuka Michael , Oyedemi Oluyemisi Adenike , Odubola Oluwatimilehin Abel
Published: February 2025

By combining various energy grids components to meet sustainability standards and energy demand, energy as a service (EaaS) offers a significant chance to produce and market energy more effectively. Electrical energy businesses can now send extra energy back to the grid through the new business models that EaaS enables. With this concept, companies and individuals can buy energy on a pay-per-use or subscription basis instead of handling their own energy infrastructure. The pace and extent of the EaaS market's future growth will be determined by the interaction of several elements, including changes in society and consumers, political and regulatory reactions, technological, economic, and environmental advancements. This paper established that in order to propel Africa's and Nigeria digital energy future, all relevant parties from governments to commercial organizations and non-governmental organizations must work together to promote sustainable, AI-powered energy solutions for economic growth and environmental sustainability.
What Role Does Work-Life Balance Play in Mediating the Relationship Between Sustainable Management Behaviors and Job Satisfaction?
Authors: Yalçın Begüm
Published: February 2025

This study, examines the impact of sustainable management practices in higher education institutions on the job satisfaction of academics, while also uncovering the mediating role of work-life balance in this relationship. To achieve this aim, data was collected through an electronic survey administered to 270 academicians with expertise in various disciplines. The collected data were analyzed utilizing the SPSS and AMOS software applications. The study's findings indicated that work-life balance acts as a partly mediating factor in the association between sustainable management behaviors and job satisfaction. In the proposed model, sustainable management behaviors positively influence both job satisfaction and work-life balance. Accordingly, academics employed in higher education institutions that adopt sustainable management behaviors are significantly more likely to achieve a balance between their work and life, which in turn enhances their job satisfaction.
Green Employee Behavior
Authors: Kalkan Pelin Karaca
Published: February 2025

Organizations are increasingly incorporating green concepts into their operations and strategies due to the urgency of today's environmental concerns. Green Employee Behavior (GEB), as a crucial element of corporate environmental efforts, has attracted attention from organizational scholars and practitioners. This study examines the antecedents and outcomes of GEB by exploring individual, leadership, team, and organizational level factors that promote these behaviors. Additionally, various mediating mechanisms and moderating factors that influence GEB are discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics shaping environmentally responsible behavior. The study also connects GEB with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasizing its potential to support global sustainability initiatives. Lastly, this research concludes with emerging trends and future research directions on GEB.
Sustainable Supply Chain Strategies for the Modern Workforce
Authors: Herath Siriyama Kanthi , Thomas Niya
Published: February 2025

This research explores the critical role of sustainable supply chain management in the modern workforce. By examining key components, benefits, challenges, and case studies, the study provides valuable insights for businesses seeking to implement sustainable practices. The findings highlight the environmental, social, and economic benefits of sustainable supply chains, while also acknowledging the complexities and challenges involved. Recommendations are offered to businesses and policymakers to promote sustainable practices and create a more resilient and equitable future.
Biological Treatment of Pulp and Paper Wastewater: Effect of Aeration Mode on Airlift Bioreactor with Petrophilic Bacteria
Authors: Nurisman Enggal , Pritania Alya Dewi , Lestari Sonia Putri , Rahmatullah Rahmatullah , Jannah Asyeni Miftahul
Published: February 2025

The pulp and paper industry, a major consumer of freshwater, generates wastewater rich in contaminants, including ammonia, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and organic materials. Effective treatment of this liquid pulp waste is crucial to prevent environmental pollution. This study investigated the microbiological treatment of primary pulp industry liquid waste using the petrophilic bacterium Brevundimonas diminuta. The research assessed the bacterium's capacity to degrade ammonia, COD, and TSS under varying aeration rates (0 L/min, 2.25 L/min, and 4.5 L/min) and observation durations (4, 6, and 8 hours). Results revealed that the optimal reduction in ammonia levels, reaching 64%, occurred within 6-8 hours with 4.5 L/min aeration. Likewise, COD reduction peaked at 90% under 4.5 L/min aeration over 8 hours, while TSS degradation reached 76% under 4.5 L/min aeration within 6 hours. These findings demonstrate the ability of petrophilic bacteria to effectively mitigate liquid pulp and paper waste under specific processing conditions, emphasizing the significance of aeration rate and duration in this biodegradation process