bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Singularização dos Objetos de Segunda Mão: Um estudo no contexto de brechós de luxo
Authors: Pereira Verônica Fujise , Quintão Ronan Torres
Published: June 2021

Pesquisas do campo da cultura de consumo investigam sobre como revestimos os objetos de significados e os retiramos do status de mercadoria, tornando-os singularizados. Há ainda estudos que se concentraram em compreender o movimento de retorno dos objetos singularizados ao estado de mercadoria, sendo mercantilizados novamente ou descartados. Seguindo esta corrente de pesquisa, este estudo busca compreender como os objetos de segunda mão comercializados no mercado retomam seu status singularizado. Para alcançar os objetivos aqui propostos foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa durante 18 meses utilizando brechós de luxo como contexto empírico. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade e netnografia, sendo analisados de forma hermenêutica. Como resultado, a pesquisa verificou que os objetos de segunda mão retomam seu status singular, por meio de duas estratégias adotadas pelos vendedores e consumidores: (1) resgate da biografia do objeto e (2) potencial de diferenciação do objeto. Os resultados da pesquisa auxiliam, sobretudo, na ampliação do entendimento sobre o movimento do objeto e mudança de seus status (mercadoria ou singular) nas relações comerciais entre consumidores e vendedores.
"Old is your Grandma!": A study on clothes for elderly consumers
Authors: Dellarmelin Mateus Luan
Published: June 2021

With the aging process of the population, it becomes essential to carry out studies corresponding to the consumption behavior of this new older generation that is part of a potential market. Therefore, the main objective of the research is to understand the process of clothing purchases by elderly consumers, identifying the main benefits and difficulties. With methodological aspects of a qualitative nature, through an exploratory type study, a focal group was conducted with elderly women. For the data analysis, the discursive practices analysis technique was implemented. Through the main results it is possible to highlight the perceptions about the specific needs in an outfit are different among the age groups of 'older' women than 'younger' women, the consensus among all, is the perception of not feeling represented by the current fashion. Consequently, the act of buying new clothes is motivated by the degradation of old clothes.
Greenwashing Study and Consumers’ Behavioral Intentions
Authors: Mangini Eduardo Roque , Amaral Lucimaura Martins , Conejero Marco Antonio , Pires Cristiane Sales
Published: June 2021

The concern with the environment can change the consumer’s view, who seeks eco-friendly products. On the other hand, greenwashing is an act of disguising a weak environmental activity by companies. The aim of this paper is to analyze Greenwashing as a predictor variable of Consumer Perceived Confusion and Trust and how these two constructs influence Behavioral Intention. The research method is quantitative, with a cross-section, non-probabilistic and accessibility sample. The statistical analysis used Structural Equation Modeling. The analyzed product announces that has green marketing approach, but it is considered a deceptive action to deceive the consumer. The proposed hypotheses were statistically supported and as contributions this paper approached the existing relations between greenwashing and purchase intention, showing the importance of the Consumer Perceived Confusion and Trust constructs applied in the conceptual model. The study proved that consumer when perceiving Greenwashing tends not to trust in the product and in the brand. The biggest challenges for companies are taking actions that can represent a concern for the environment since consumers pay more attention to these factors and are less likely to accept the practice of greenwashing.
Comprehending Vegan Identity Construction through Consumption: A qualitative meta-synthesis
Authors: Paiva Lidiane Cecília Rodrigues , Luiz Gilberto Venâncio
Published: June 2021

This article aims to comprehend vegan identity construction through consumption. For this, a meta-synthesis of the accomplished results was made. It was conceived according to Sandelowski and & Barroso (2006) model, in order to compile the results into a grounded theory. As the analyses were complete, a theoretical model composed by eight microcategories and a central category was assembled. Results showed that reflection about consumption is one of the primordial factors on vegan identity construction, since this lifestyle imposes to its supporters the need to act consciously towards their purchase actions. In addition, it is by means of these actions that the defended ethic and moral considerations are converted into practical actions. Therefore, it is observed that reflection and consumption behavior are responsible for differentiating the vegan public from the others and what allows the construction and affirmation of its identity.
ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE: origem, políticas, percurso histórico e ações frente à pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Moreira Rafael Da Silveira , Dos Santos Lucas Fernando Rodrigues , Sousa Marcos Henrique Oliveira
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho expõe o processo de construção e os percursos históricos da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), desde sua origem até o atual cenário político e epidemiológico, destacando seu papel no enfrentamento à Covid-19. Foi utilizada, como referencial metodológico, a revisão narrativa, através de busca de literatura em bases de dados diversas, sem restrição quanto à data de publicação. Inicialmente, foram identificados os elementos e processos que subsidiaram a criação da agência. Em seguida, para exemplificação, foram descritas as condutas da OMS diante da epidemia do HIV/Aids, considerada uma das mais importantes da história. Os conflitos políticos, econômicos e institucionais da organização são abordados na perspectiva das condutas adotadas na pandemia do novo coronavírus, classificado como Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Internacional (Espii). Além do escopo internacional, destacam-se as intervenções da agência no Brasil e o posicionamento do atual governo brasileiro frente à atuação da OMS na pandemia. Em síntese, vislumbra-se um cenário incerto quanto às decisões políticas que virão a ser adotadas pela agência, levando em conta o desafio de enfrentar a crise sanitária em meio a político econômicas.
Exploring Citizens’ Perceptions-based Intangible Resources in the Public Sector: An Analysis of the Relation Between Wealth and Engagement and Trust in 17 Countries
Authors: Piqueiras Paloma , Canel Crespo María José
Published: June 2021

Across the globe, public administrations are employing communication to develop programs to respond to the challenges of bringing society to the core of policy making and of searching for innovative ways to generate growth. But how much do these programs achieve, and to what extent are their consequences positive? Building on theorizing about intangible assets in the public sector and based on economic indicators as well as on survey data from 17 countries, this paper explores whether specific intangible assets that are citizens’ perceptions-based can operate as sources of growth. More specifically, the article looks at citizen engagement and trust, intangible resources that are built upon organizational behaviors as well as activated through communication. Results allow us to compare the relation of these resources with growth with the relation of tangible capital with growth in 17 countries. Based on findings, the article discusses implications for public sector communication.
Andreas Holmberg, Kyrka i nytt landskap: En studie av levd ecklesiologi i Svenska kyrkan
Authors: Fagrell Judith
Published: June 2021

N/A
Climatological distribution of dissolved inorganic nutrients in the Western Mediterranean Sea (1981–2017)
Authors: Belgacem Malek , Schroeder Katrin , Barth Alexander , Troupin Charles , Pavoni Bruno , Chiggiato Jacopo
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The Western MEDiterranean Sea BioGeochemical Climatology (BGC-WMED) presented here is a product derived from in situ observations. Annual mean gridded nutrient fields for the period 1981–2017, and its sub-periods 1981–2004 and 2005–2017, on a horizontal 1/4° × 1/4° grid have been produced. The biogeochemical climatology is built on 19 depth levels and for the dissolved inorganic nutrients nitrate, phosphate and orthosilicate. To generate smooth and homogeneous interpolated fields, the method of the Variational Inverse Model (VIM) was applied. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to assess the comparability of the data product with the observational data. The BGC-WMED has then been compared to other available data products, i.e. the medBFM biogeochemical reanalysis of the Mediterranean Sea and the World Ocean Atlas18 (WOA18) (its biogeochemical part). The BGC-WMED product supports the understanding of inorganic nutrient variability in the western Mediterranean Sea, in space and in time, but can also be used to validate numerical simulations making it a reference data product.
Comparison of statistical downscaling methods for climate change impact analysis on precipitation-driven drought
Authors: Tabari Hossein , Paz Santiago Mendoza , Buekenhout Daan , Willems Patrick
Published: June 2021

Abstract. General circulation models (GCMs) are the primary tools for evaluating the possible impacts of climate change; however, their results are coarse in temporal and spatial dimensions. In addition, they often show systematic biases compared to observations. Downscaling and bias correction of climate model outputs is thus required for local applications. Apart from the
computationally intensive strategy of dynamical downscaling, statistical
downscaling offers a relatively straightforward solution by establishing
relationships between small- and large-scale variables. This study compares
four statistical downscaling methods of bias correction (BC), the change factor of mean (CFM), quantile perturbation (QP) and an event-based weather generator (WG) to assess climate change impact on drought by the end of the 21st century (2071–2100) relative to a baseline period of 1971–2000 for the weather station of Uccle located in Belgium. A set of drought-related
aspects is analysed, i.e. dry day frequency, dry spell duration and total
precipitation. The downscaling is applied to a 28-member ensemble of Coupled Model Intercomparison
Project Phase 6 (CMIP6)
GCMs, each forced by four future scenarios of SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, SSP3–7.0
and SSP5–8.5. A 25-member ensemble of CanESM5 GCM is also used to assess the significance of the climate change signals in comparison to the internal variability in the climate. A performance comparison of the downscaling methods reveals that the QP method outperforms the others in reproducing the magnitude and monthly pattern of the observed indicators. While all methods show a good agreement on downscaling total precipitation, their results differ quite largely for the frequency and length of dry spells. Using the downscaling methods, dry day frequency is projected to increase significantly in the summer months, with a relative change of up to 19 % for SSP5–8.5. At the same time, total precipitation is projected to decrease significantly by up to 33 % in these months. Total precipitation also significantly increases in winter, as it is driven by a significant intensification of extreme precipitation rather than a dry day frequency change. Lastly, extreme dry spells are projected to increase in length by up to 9 %.
Using delayed decoupling to attenuate residual signals in editing filters
Authors: Marincin Kenneth A. , Pal Indrani , Frueh Dominique P.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Isotope filtering methods are instrumental in biomolecular nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies as they isolate signals of chemical moieties of interest within complex molecular assemblies. However, isotope filters suppress undesired signals of isotopically enriched molecules through scalar couplings, and variations in scalar couplings lead to imperfect suppressions, as occurs for aliphatic and aromatic moieties in proteins. Here, we show that signals that have escaped traditional filters can be attenuated with mitigated sensitivity losses for the desired signals of unlabeled moieties. The method uses a shared evolution between the detection and preceding preparation period to establish non-observable antiphase coherences and eliminates them through composite pulse decoupling. We demonstrate the method by isolating signals of an unlabeled post-translational modification tethered to an isotopically enriched protein.
The effect of soil properties on zinc lability and solubility in soils of Ethiopia – an isotopic dilution study
Authors: Mossa Abdul-Wahab , Gashu Dawd , Broadley Martin R. , Dunham Sarah J. , McGrath Steve P. , Bailey Elizabeth H. , Young Scott D.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a widespread nutritional problem in human populations, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The Zn concentration of crops consumed depends in part on the Zn status of the soil. Improved
understanding of factors controlling the phyto-availability of Zn in soils
can contribute to potential agronomic interventions to tackle Zn deficiency, but many soil types in SSA are poorly studied. Soil samples (n=475) were collected from a large part of the Amhara Region of Ethiopia, where there is widespread Zn deficiency. Zinc status was quantified by measuring several fractions, including the pseudo-total (aqua regia digestion; ZnTot), available (DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetate) extractable; ZnDTPA), soluble (dissolved in 0.01 M Ca(NO3); ZnSoln) and isotopically exchangeable Zn, using the enriched stable Zn isotope 70Zn (ZnE). Soil geochemical properties were assessed for their influence on Zn lability and solubility. A parameterized geochemical assemblage model (Windermere Humic Aqueous Model – WHAM) was also employed to predict the solid phase fractionation of Zn in tropical soils rather than using sequential chemical extractions. ZnTot ranged from 14.1 to 291 mg kg−1 (median = 100 mg kg−1), whereas ZnDTPA in the majority of soil samples was less than 0.5 mg kg−1, indicating widespread phyto-available Zn deficiency in these soils. The labile fraction of Zn in soil (ZnE as % ZnTot) was low, with median and mean values of 4.7 % and 8.0 %, respectively. Labile Zn partitioning between the solid and the solution phases of soil was highly pH dependent, where 94 % of the variation in the partitioning
coefficient of 70Zn was explained by soil pH. Similarly, 86 % of the variation in ZnSoln was explained by soil pH. Zinc distribution between adsorbed ZnE and ZnSoln was controlled by pH. Notably, Zn isotopic exchangeability increased with soil pH. This contrasts with literature on contaminated and urban soils and may arise from covarying factors, such as contrasting soil clay mineralogy across the pH range of the soils used in the current study. These results could be used to improve agronomic interventions to tackle Zn deficiency in SSA.
Brief communication: A roadmap towards credible projections of ice sheet contribution to sea-level
Authors: Aschwanden Andy , Bartholomaus Timothy C. , Brinkerhoff Douglas J. , Truffer Martin
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Accurately projecting mass loss from ice sheets is of critical societal importance. However, despite recent improvements in ice sheet models, our analysis of a recent effort to project Greenland's contribution to future sea-level suggests that few models reproduce historical mass loss accurately, and that they appear much too confident in the spread of predicted outcomes. The inability of models to reproduce historical observations raises concerns about the models' skill at projecting mass loss. Here we suggest that the future sea level contribution from Greenland may well be significantly higher than reported in that study. We propose a roadmap to enable a more realistic accounting of uncertainties associated with such forecasts, and a formal process by which observations of mass change be used to refine projections of mass change. Finally, we note that tremendous government investment and planning affecting 10s to 100s of millions of people is founded on the work of several tens of scientists involved in a significantly volunteer effort. To achieve the goal of credible projections of ice sheet contribution to sea-level, we strongly believe that investment in research must be commensurate with the scale of the challenge.
TÌNH HÌNH SỬ DỤNG KHÁNG SINH CARBAPENEM
Authors: Phu Le Minh
Published: June 2021

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát tình hình sử dụng kháng sinh nhóm carbapenem tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa An Sinh. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu trên 100 bệnh án của bệnh nhân nằm điều trị tại các khoa của Bệnh viện đa khoa An Sinh trong thời gian từ 01/06/2020 đến 31/12/2020. Kết quả: Nhóm carbapenem sử dụng tại Bệnh viện đa khoa An Sinh chủ yếu được chỉ định để điều trị viêm phổi chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất với 53,3%. Có 100% các chủng vi khuẩn Haemophilus influenzae; Rhizobium radiobacter; Proteus. cp; Streptococcus mitis còn nhạy cảm với carbapenem. Toàn bộ 100% chủng vi khuẩn Stenotrophomonas maltophilia đề kháng với meropenem; 01 chủng vi khuẩn Burkhorderia vietnamiensis phân lập được đề kháng với imipenem; 2 trong 3 chủng VK Staphylococcus aereus phân lập được đề kháng với meropenem. Carbapenem chủ yếu được sử dụng trong phác đồ phối hợp. Tỷ lệ phối hợp trong phác đồ khởi đầu là 100%. Tỉ lệ phối hợp 3 kháng sinh là 22,7%. Trong phác đồ thay thế, tỷ lệ phối hợp là 82,2%. Kết luận: Nhóm carbapenem được chỉ định để điều trị viêm phổi. Các chủng vi khuẩn Haemophilus influenzae; Rhizobium radiobacter; Proteus. cp; Streptococcus mitis còn nhạy cảm với carbapenem. Chủng vi khuẩn Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkhorderia vietnamiensis và Staphylococcus aereus đề kháng với meropenem. Carbapenem chủ yếu được sử dụng trong phác đồ phối hợp.
THỰC HÀNH TRUYỀN THÔNG GIÁO DỤC SỨC KHỎE VỀ BỆNH ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG CỦA NHÂN VIÊN Y TẾ THÔN TẠI HUYỆN VŨ THƯ TỈNH THÁI BÌNH NĂM 2020
Authors: My Nguyen Ha , Nga Phan Thu , Ai Nguyen Thi , Huyen Bui Thi Dieu , Dat Pham Tuan
Published: June 2021

Mục tiêu: Mô tả thực hành truyền thông - giáo dục sức khỏe (TT-GDSK) về bệnh đái tháo đường (ĐTĐ) của nhân viên y tế thôn (YTT) tại huyện Vũ Thư tỉnh Thái Bình năm 2020. Đối tượng nghiên cứu: Nhân viên y tế thôn tại các xã huyện Vũ Thư tỉnh Thái Bình. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Phương pháp dịch tễ học mô tả qua cuộc điều tra cắt ngang, bao gồm nghiên cứu định lượng và nghiên cứu định tính. Kết quả nghiên cứu: 69,5% đối tượng đã thực hiện TT-GDSK cho người dân tại thôn về bệnh đái tháo đường trong năm qua; trên 80% NVYTT có lập kế hoạch và trên 60% có phối hợp khi thực hiện TT-GDSK về bệnh ĐTĐ; 15/15 ý kiến trưởng trạm cho rằng hoạt động TT-GDSK về bệnh ĐTĐ tại xã còn nhỏ lẻ, không có tính liên tục, chủ yếu là truyền thông gián tiếp; 13/15 ý kiến cho rằng khó khăn lớn nhất trong hoạt động TT-GDSK là đội ngũ NVYT thôn còn hạn chế về kiến thức cũng như kỹ năng.
TÍNH HỢP LÝ TRONG SỬ DỤNG THUỐC ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM PHỔI
Authors: Dang Nguyen Viet , Ngoc Tri Kim , Hiep Bui Tung , Tri Bui Dang Minh
Published: June 2021

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát tính hợp lý trong sử dụng thuốc điều trị viêm phổi tại Bệnh viện Nhi đồng Cần Thơ. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu mô tả trên 384 bệnh án nội trú tại Bệnh viện Nhi đồng Cần Thơ từ tháng 1/2019 đến tháng 12/2019 được chẩn đoán là viêm phổi. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ phác đồ điều trị ban đầu chưa phù hợp với phác đồ sử dụng kháng sinh tương đối cao 84,11%. Tỷ lệ kháng sinh có liều dùng chưa phù hợp chỉ chiếm 1,71% trên tổng số trường hợp khảo sát. Tỷ lệ phù hợp liều kháng sinh cao chiếm 98,29%. Tỷ lệ thuốc hỗ trợ có liều dùng phù hợp cao như Salbutamol, Hydrocortison và Prednisolon chiếm tỷ lệ 100%. Nhịp đưa thuốc kháng sinh phù hợp với khuyến cáo chiếm 94,67%. Nhịp đưa thuốc hỗ trợ có tỷ lệ phù hợp rất cao, chỉ có vài trường hợp chưa phù hợp với khuyến cáo như Ibuprofen có 14 trường hợp chiếm 37,84%, Acetylcystein và Hydrocortison chiếm 14,58% với 7 trường hợp, còn lại là Prednisolon và Budesonid chiếm tỷ lệ rất thấp. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ phác đồ điều trị ban đầu chưa phù hợp với phác đồ sử dụng kháng sinh tương đối cao. Tỷ lệ phù hợp liều kháng sinh cao. Tỷ lệ thuốc hỗ trợ có liều dùng phù hợp cao như Salbutamol, Hydrocortison và Prednisolon. Nhịp đưa thuốc kháng sinh phù hợp cao với khuyến cáo. Nhịp đưa thuốc hỗ trợ có tỷ lệ phù hợp rất cao.
MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ VÀ SỰ HÀI LÒNG CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH VỀ DỊCH VỤ KHÁM CHỮA BỆNH HẬU MÔN-TRỰC TRÀNG NỘI TRÚ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TÂM AN, THANH HOÁ 2020
Authors: Co Le Van , Toan Ngo Van , Huong Le Vu Thuy , Hai Tran Minh
Published: June 2021

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện tại Bệnh viện Tâm An chuyên khoa Trĩ- Hậu môn trựctràng nhằm phân tích mối liên quan giữa một số yếu tố và sự hài lòng và mong đợi về chất lượngcủa dịch vụ khám chữa bệnh. 310 bệnh nhân nội trú được phỏng vấn theo bộ tiêu chí đánh giá sự hàilòng của bệnh nhân nội trú đối với bệnh viện của Bộ Y tế. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy 94% bệnhnhân hài lòng với chất lượng dịch vụ và 89% chắc chắn quay trở lại sử dụng dịch vụ. Việc sử dụngthẻ BHYT (OR= 4,5; 95%CI= 1,34-9,57) và người có kinh tế khá giả có sự hài lòng cao (OR=5,1;95%CI=1,86- 13,88) hơn những bệnh nhân khác.
A Study to assess the effectiveness of Structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding Text Neck Syndrome among young adults
Authors: Pinto Annu , S Rekha. , J Evangelin.
Published: June 2021

A pre-experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding text neck syndrome among young adults in a selected college at Alappuzha District. The objectives of the study were to assess the mean knowledge score regarding text neck syndrome among young adults, to find out the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding text neck syndrome among young adults and to find out the association between pretest knowledge score and selected socio demographic variables. The Conceptual framework was based on Nola J Pender’s Health Promotion model (1982). The study was conducted at Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara. among 60 young adults, who were selected by disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. The pretest level of knowledge was assessed using structured knowledge questionnaire and structured teaching programme was given. Posttest was conducted after 7days.The result showed that the mean posttest knowledge score 20.26 with SD 3.15 was significantly higher than the pretest mean score 8.43 with SD 2.48 with a mean difference of 11.83. Since the calculated ‛t’ value 35.45 which was greater than the table value (2.00) with degree of freedom 59 at p<0.05 level of significance. Hence the study revealed that structured teaching programme on text neck syndrome was effective in improving the knowledge of young adults. The association between pretest and selected socio demographic variables showed that the pretest knowledge scores was influenced by year of study (p<0.05), family monthly income (p<0.05) and source of information (p<0.05).
A Study to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding NIPAH virus infection among adolescents in selected school at Kollam
Authors: Mol S. Amina , Raju Ancy B. , B. Delfeena , John Jeena , Sherry Shinu , Sebastin Sherin
Published: June 2021

A study to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding NIPAH virus infection among adolescents in selected school at Kollam. The objectives of the study were: a) to assess the knowledge regarding NIPAH virus infection among adolescents in a selected school at Kollam. b) to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding NIPAH virus infection among adolescents in a selected school at Kollam. c) to find out the association between the pretest knowledge regarding NIPAH virus infection among adolescents and selected demographic variables. A quantitative approach was used with one group pretest posttest research design. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used. Sample size was 60. The investigator assessed the knowledge of adolescents using structured questionnaire regarding NIPAH virus infection after taking informed consent from sample. After conducting the pretest, the researcher provided Structured Teaching Programme for a period of 30 minutes on the same day. After one week Posttest was conducted using the same research tool. The findings of the present study showed that Structured Teaching Programme was effective to increase the knowledge regarding NIPAH virus infection among adolescents.
Study of the antiallergic activity of the leaves of Moringa oleifera (moringaceae) in the albino mouse Mus musculus
Authors: OUATTARA-SORO Fatou Shcherazade  , ACRAY-ZENGBE Pétronille  , ZAHOUI Christian Michel Vianney  , ABIZI Georges
Published: June 2021

Allergic diseases are constantly growing, however the efficiency of classical treatments is not total. Thus, new therapeutic tools are considered such as phytotherapy. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera in mice. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of poly terpenes/sterols, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids but also the absence of quinones and saponosides. The acute toxicity study at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight (bw) by the oral route revealed that the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera is not toxic and would have an oral LD50 greater than to 2000 mg/kg bw. The anti-allergic effect of Moringa oleifera leaf Total Aquous Extract (E.T.A.) was evaluated by observing the number of scratching in allergic mice treated orally with two different doses of this extract. A reduction of the number of scratching in mice treated with the extract was observed. This was confirmed by hematological analysis where a considerable increase in the number of immune cells and a decrease in the recruitment of these cells to inflammatory sites were observed. This confirms that the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera has a dose-dependent antiallergic activity
Corporate Mediation and Company Law
Authors: Allotti Valentina
Published: June 2021

Corporate Mediation and Company Law

This article describes the legal framework on corporate mediation in Italy with a particular focus on the effects of the mediation clauses included in company by-laws. The available data on the use of corporate mediation indicate that such clauses are not commonly used. There is still resistance among the parties in a dispute to engage in dialogue through mediation, not only where corporate disputes are concerned. The author suggests that one way to expand the use of mediation would be to promote the introduction of mediation clauses in the articles of association of companies. She also suggests that recent trends in company law, notably the emergence of sustainability issues, related to the impact of business activity on the environment and society, and more broadly on human rights, may create new opportunities for the use of mediation to prevent and solve corporate-related disputes.
Modelowa rekonstrukcja pierwotnego wyglądu
pałacu Dietrichsteinów w Wodzisławiu Śląskim
Authors: Pocisk-Dobrowolski Jerzy
Published: June 2021

Wodzisław Śląski – w swojej
historii przez dłuższy czas do wybuchu
II wojny światowej był wielokulturowym ośrodkiem
miejskim, co wpłynęło na jego strukturę
przestrzenną oraz powstanie wielu charakterystycznych,
cennych historycznie obiektów, które
z upływem czasu stały się symbolami miasta.
Wśród nich wyróżnia się pałac Dietrichsteinów
pełniący od 1971 roku funkcję Muzeum
Miejskiego. Upływ czasu oraz zawirowania losu,
m.in. wielki pożar miasta w 1822 roku – odcisnęły
na pałacu swoje piętno. Pogarszał się
stan techniczny obiektu. Po wielu latach nastał
czas podjęcia decyzji o przystąpieniu do kompleksowego
remontu budynku. Podjęte prace
badawcze pozwoliły odtworzyć pierwotny wygląd
obiektu, m.in. w formie miniatury – multimedialnej
dioramy historycznej, która stała
się znaczącym elementem promocji odbudowy
pałacu w jego pierwotnej formie oraz dodatkowo
w pogłębianiu świadomości historycznej
wspólnot lokalnych. Makieta została
pośrednio nośnikiem informacji o konieczności
przeprowadzenia kompleksowego remontu
i rekonstrukcji pierwotnego wyglądu obiektu.
Działania te wpłynęły na zwiększenie poparcia
mieszkańców dla starań władz miasta
na rzecz ochrony materialnych symboli tego
ośrodka miejskiego. Pozyskane fundusze unijne
i pochodzące z budżetu państwa dofinansowanie
umożliwiły podjęcie kompleksowych prac rekonstrukcyjno-budowlanych w latach
2014–2021, których wynikiem będzie zrekonstruowana,
zgodnie z wyglądem zaraz po zakończeniu
budowy w 1747 roku, siedziba Muzeum
Miejskiego z nowoczesnymi salami wystawienniczymi
oraz pracowniami, odnowiony
budynek pałacu przyjazny dla osób z niepełnosprawnościami,
miejsce sprzyjające poszerzaniu
wiedzy historycznej i zacieśnianiu kontaktów
międzyludzkich w ramach społeczności
lokalnej, sprzyjających rozwojowi Wodzisławia
Śląskiego.
European cities facing climate change:
water management issue
Authors: Dziedzic Sebastian , Twardoch Agata
Published: June 2021

The article provides an overview of spatial and legal solutions related to the issue of water management in cities in the context of climate change. The aim of the research is to identify the main differences between the traditional and integrated approaches to water-related infrastructure based on case studies of European Cities at different scales. Gathering, ordering and comparing adequate solutions will allow to establish guidelines for the development of Polish cities and point out directions for architects and urban planners designing urban spaces. The comparison of good examples with theory would make it possible to verify whether practise corresponds with theory, and whether it can actually - through the synergy of measures – bring new quality to urban areas.
Multimedialne treningi uwagi słuchowej stosowane w terapii zaburzeń przetwarzania słuchowego
Authors: Kupisiewicz Małgorzata , Rostkowska Joanna
Published: June 2021

W artykule omówiono dostępne w Polsce metody umożliwiające przeprowadzenie
treningu uwagi słuchowej przy użyciu program w komputerowych u dzieci z zaburzeniami
przetwarzania słuchowego. W prezentacji każdej z metod znalazły się informacje
na temat jej pochodzenia, postępowania diagnostycznego, przebiegu i sposób w oddziaływania.
W tabelach umieszczono informacje na temat doniesień naukowych dotyczących
efektywności poszczególnych metod.
Dostępność cyfrowa stron internetowych podmiotów publicznych dla osób z niepełnosprawnościami
Authors: Szeroczyńska Małgorzata
Published: June 2021

W artykule omówiono regulacje ustawy o dostępności cyfrowej stron internetowych
i aplikacji mobilnych podmiot w publicznych. Przeanalizowano także Dyrektywę unijną,
w związku z którą akt ten został wydany, oraz Decyzje wykonawcze Komisji, które stanowią
do niego akty wykonawcze. Dostępność do stron internetowych w szczególności ma
być zapewniona osobom z różnymi niepełnosprawnościami, co wprost wynika z norm
technicznych, zaakceptowanych zarówno przez prawo unijne, jak i prawo polskie. W tekście
przykładowo omówiono te skomplikowane normy techniczne, wskazując ich aspekt
ochronny wobec osób z niepełnosprawnościami. Przedstawiono również procedurę, jaką
mogą wykorzystać osoby z niepełnosprawnościami, by zgłaszać strony niedostępne oraz
domagać się zapewnienia ich dostępności lub dostępu alternatywnego, realizując w ten
sposób swoje prawo do dostępności cyfrowej zapewnione przez Konwencję ONZ o Prawach
Osób z Niepełnosprawnościami, ale także zapewniając sobie aktywny udział w tworzeniu
rzeczywistości cyfrowej coraz bardziej dostępnej dla wszystkich użytkowników.
Die Rechtfertigung der Leistungsschutzrechte des Tonträgerherstellers
Authors: Rupp Hajo
Published: June 2021

Up to now, there has been no comprehensive acclaim of the basis for protection of phonogram producers' rights. The legislator referred to the "specific technical-organizational effort", which must be protected against unauthorised exploitation. Due to their economic nature, it seems to be appropriate to use economic theory (market failure/incentive theory) as a means of justification for the rights in sound recordings. However, especially US-American scholarship claims that there might be alternative incentives causing investments in sound recordings. The aim of this work is to reveal the interests involved in the production of sound carriers and to examine different protection concepts.
Synthesis, complete assignment of 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra and antioxidant activity of new azine derivative bearing coumarin moiety
Authors: Ristić Milenko , Dekić Biljana , Radulović Niko , Aksić Marija
Published: June 2021

In this research, the synthesis of a new azine derivative with coumarin moiety was performed in three reaction steps, starting from 4-hydroxycoumarin. The first step in synthesis was the acetylation of 4-hydroxycoumarin to yield 3-acetyl-4-hydroxycoumarin and then the obtained 3-acetyl-4-hydroxycoumarin was reacted with hydrazine hydrate and give a corresponding hydrazone. Condensation of the hydrazone with 4-ethoxy-3methoxybenzaldehyde afforded the target compound 1-[1-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-ethylidene]-2-(4etoxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-hydrazine in a good yield. The resulting azine derivative is fully spectrally characterized, including complete assignment of 1Hand 13C-NMR spectra, as well as 2D NMR (1H1H COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC) spectra. The antioxidant activity of corresponding hydrazone and target compound was evaluated by DPPH method where hydrazone derivative displayed a significant and target azine good antioxidant activity, with IC50 (mM) values 11.69 and 216.60, respectively.
Mapping employee networks through the NIST Interactions Survey
Authors: Espinal Laura , Young Camila E , Zwolak Justyna P
Published: June 2021

As we begin to adopt approaches to help the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) become a more inclusive organization, we need a way to assess the current level of inclusivity. The extent to which individuals have access to information and resources is largely associated with inclusion in the workplace, suggesting that analysis of individuals social networks may be an important component of this assessment. Network surveys provide a unique lens through which a wide range of networks, including networks of collaboration, mentorship, and trust, can be studied. As a result of such studies, efforts to improve on inclusivity can be directed towards where they are needed the most. Herein, we describe the NIST Interactions Survey a data collection tool developed for mapping and analyzing personal ego networks of NIST Federal Employees and aimed at quantifying the work- and career advice-related networks. In this study, we assess inclusivity at NIST through the lens of social network analysis to provide NIST with insights about the current work climate. With an overall response rate of approximately 25%, we find that the structure of the work- and advice-related ego networks provides important insights into the interaction patterns at NIST. An analysis of the network data confirms a siloed effect associated with the Organizational Unit affiliation of the respondents and their connections in the work and advice networks. Interestingly, we find that, while the composition of work ego networks tend to be quite aligned with what would be expected based on the workforce demographics, interactions in the advice ego networks reveal preferences associated with age and gender. In terms of gender, male employees show preference for male-dominated advice networks, which is not surprising given our predominantly male workforce. For female employees, however, we observe three distinct types of advice networks: two capturing strong preferences to seek advice from single-gender-dominated networks, be it male or female, and a third one with the gender composition quite evenly balanced. In terms of age preferences, we find that younger employees tend to seek advice from more experienced colleagues. Interestingly, no discernible differences are observed between the networks of minority and non-minority employees for either work or advice. Based on these findings, we recommend strategies for bridging the silos between the Laboratories and the rest of the Organizational Units, nurturing informal connections among female colleagues, and mapping employee networks among different minority groups (e.g. American Indian, Asian, Black, Hispanic, Native Hawaiian, Other). Although other approaches are possible, we believe that the recommendations proposed in this report will be a good start for NIST to become the inclusive organization we aspire to be.
On computing elastic shape distances between curves in d-dimensional space
Authors: Bernal Javier , Lawrence Jim , Dogan Gunay , Hagwood Charles
Published: June 2021

The computation of the elastic registration of two simple curves in higher dimensions and therefore of the elastic shape distance between them has been investigated by Srivastava et al. Assuming the first curve has one or more starting points, and the second curve has only one, they accomplish the computation, one starting point of the first curve at a time, by minimizing an L2 type distance between them based on alternating computations of optimal diffeomorphisms of the unit interval and optimal rotation matrices that reparametrize and rotate, respectively, one of the curves. We recreate the work by Srivastava et al., but in contrast to it, again for curves in any dimension, we present a Dynamic Programming algorithm for computing optimal diffeomorphisms that is linear, and justify in a purely algebraic manner the usual algorithm for computing optimal rotation matrices, the Kabsch-Umeyama algorithm, which is based on the computation of the singular value decomposition of a matrix. In addition, we minimize the L2 type distance with a procedure that alternates computations of optimal diffeomorphisms with successive computations of optimal rotation matrices for all starting points of the first curve. Carrying out computations this way is not only more efficient all by itself, but, if both curves are closed, allows applications of the Fast Fourier Transform for computing successively in an even more efficient manner, optimal rotation matrices for all starting points of the first curve.
4. indlæg: Nyheder i opsætning af tidsskrift
Authors: Thestrup Jesper Boserup
Published: June 2021

Her kan du se det fjerde indlæg, der blev vist på vores webinar 10. juni 2021
Wood Fly Ash Stabilized Road Base Layers with High Recycled Asphalt Pavement Content
Authors: Skels Peteris , Haritonovs Viktors , Pavlovskis Edvards
Published: June 2021

Wood fly ash stabilised road base layers with high recycled asphalt pavements content was studied both at the laboratory and in-situ. The original recipe was chosen based on an actual stabilised pavement base layer design with cement CEM II/B-T 42.5R but optimised using wood fly ash. The existing road base layer from gravel was mixed with dolomite aggregate and recycled asphalt pavement, adding cement and wood fly ash at different proportions. The mixture was compacted at optimal water content according to the Standard Proctor test and further conditioned. Resistance to freezing and thawing of hydraulically bound mixtures was checked after 28 days of conditioning. Even 50 cycles of freezing and thawing were used. Test results indicated wood fly ash as an effective alternative to the typically used cement for road base stabilisation, including recycled asphalt pavement material. Three hydraulically bound mixtures were chosen for test sections in the pilot project. The project includes five different sections with three different hydraulic binder recipes. The performance of each section was evaluated.
Cable-Stayed Bridge Loads Caused by Traffic Congestion on the Deck Measured with Bridge Monitoring System
Authors: Machelski Czesław , Hildebrand Maciej
Published: June 2021

Structural safety of a bridge depends, among other things, on the number of vehicles passing on its deck, their weights and distribution of loads to their axes. A large number of vehicles can accumulate on the bridge in a controlled state, i.e., during an acceptance test including load testing, and during traffic congestion on the bridge, which is a fortuitous event addressed in this paper. The paper deals with the analysis of load intensity on one bridge carriageway when it is fully and randomly filled during traffic congestion. The influence functions of the forces in the cables are used to determine the effects of loads exerted by the vehicles moving at very low speed. Effects of such loads are studied considering an exemplary cable-stayed bridge. Since the measurement basis was limited, the iterative algorithm was used. It consists in shortening the girder sections under analysis to the area appropriate for determining the load in each successive step of iteration. Ineffectiveness of the traditional algorithm, where the determined system of equations is resolved, is an important premise for using such algorithm. The results of numerical analysis show that the load intensity caused by traffic congestion is relatively high. It has been demonstrated that the matrix method may be successfully used to determine the real load of bridges on the basis of selected parameters measured in the bridge structure, also for complex scheme bridges, including the cable-stayed bridges.
Retinal dysfunction induced in a mouse model of unilateral common carotid artery occlusion
Authors: Lee Deokho , Jeong Heonuk , Miwa Yukihiro , Shinojima Ari , Katada Yusaku , Tsubota Kazuo , Kurihara Toshihide
Published: June 2021

Background

Retinal ischemic stresses are associated with the pathogenesis of various retinal vascular diseases. To investigate pathological mechanisms of retinal ischemia, reproducible, robust and clinically significant experimental rodent models are highly needed. Previously, we established a stable murine model of chronic hypoperfusion retinal injuries by permanent unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO) and demonstrated chronic pathological processes in the ischemic retina after the occlusion; however, retinal functional deficits and other acute retinal ischemic injuries by UCCAO still remain obscure. In this study, we attempted to examine retinal functional changes as well as acute retinal ischemic alterations such as retinal thinning, gliosis and cell death after UCCAO.

Methods

Adult mice (male C57BL/6, 6–8 weeks old) were subjected to UCCAO in the right side, and retinal function was primarily measured using electroretinography for 14 days after the surgery. Furthermore, retinal thinning, gliosis and cell death were investigated using optical coherence tomography, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay, respectively.

Results

Functional deficits in the unilateral right retina started to be seen 7 days after the occlusion. Specifically, the amplitude of b-wave dramatically decreased while that of a-wave was slightly affected. 14 days after the occlusion, the amplitudes of both waves and oscillatory potentials were significantly detected decreased in the unilateral right retina. Even though a change in retinal thickness was not dramatically observed among all the eyes, retinal gliosis and cell death in the unilateral right retina were substantially observed after UCCAO.

Conclusions

Along with previous retinal ischemic results in this model, UCCAO can stimulate retinal ischemia leading to functional, morphological and molecular changes in the retina. This model can be useful for the investigation of pathological mechanisms for human ischemic retinopathies and furthermore can be utilized to test new drugs for various ischemic ocular diseases.
Sports Participation, Demographic Factors and Knee Symptom Severity in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alamir Moaath A. , Altammami Abdulaziz F. , Binyousef Faris H. , Alharbi Ahmed A. , Alrakaf Feras A.
Published: June 2021

Aims: to explore the prevalence of knee symptoms in the general population of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and evaluate the impact of sports participation and other demographic variables on the progression of knee symptoms in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Study design:  Cross-sectional study

Place and duration of study: A self-administered online survey was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between September 2020 to March 2021.

Methodology: A total of 589 participants age 18 or older who reported concerns of knee symptoms and provided written informed consent were enrolled in the study. We excluded respondents who had undergone knee surgery (n = 16) and those diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis or other types of arthritis (n = 25). We collected demographic information (eg, age, gender, types of engaged sports, sports participation hours, and frequency of participation per week) and knee symptoms and severity using the Lequesne index tool.

Results: Advanced age was significantly associated with a higher severity score (P < .001). We found a statistically significant association between body mass index and knee symptom severity. We noted no severe knee symptoms in participants engaging in weightlifting. Most participants (64.7%) reported that walking was their most frequent exercise, and knee symptoms were common. Of respondents who walk as their primary sport, 10.6% of them are considered disabled with a severe form of knee pain according to the Lequesne index (which uses the term “handicapped” rather than disabled).

Conclusion: Older and overweight respondents had a high prevalence of knee symptoms. Interestingly, the prevalence rates of individuals without knee symptoms did not differ regarding sport participation. Sports participation frequency did not change the prevalence or severity of knee symptoms, while longer exercise duration was associated with lower knee symptom severity rates.
Zur streptomycininduzierten bildung von 70 S‐monosomen und von oligomeren in Chlamydomonas reinhardi
Authors: Boschetti Arminio , Bogdanov Stefan , Brügger Martin , Frei Eva
Published: July 2002

Streptomycin also induces the formation of dimers and oligomers from 80 S cytoplasmic ribosomes. The kinetics of this formation is similar to that of the 70 S ribosomes. However, this effect of streptomycin does not seem to influence the functional capacity of the 80 S ribosomes.
The role of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in phospholipid peroxidation catalysed by iron salts
Authors: Gutteridge John M.C.
Published: July 2002

Iron(II) salts in aqueous solution, or iron(III) salts in the presence of an O
−
2 generating system, can activate dioxygen to produce hydroxyl radicals. These are detected indirectly by their ability to degrade deoxyribose with the formation of thiobarbituric acid‐reactive (TBA) products. Iron salts also catalyse the peroxidation of phospholipids resulting in the formation of TBA‐reactive products. Hydroxyl radicals were responsible for the degradation of deoxyribose but not for the observed peroxidation of phospholipid. The function of O
−
2 in both deoxyribose degradation and phospholipid peroxidation seems to be that of reducing iron(III) into iron(II).
Solution X‐ray scattering study of pig heart cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase
Authors: Vergé Daniel , Tardieu Annette , Arrio-Dupont Martine
Published: July 2002

Solution X‐ray scattering experiments have been performed with apo‐ and holo‐aspartate aminotransferase to detect the conformational change, demonstrated by a variety of techniques, induced by the binding of the coenzyme pyridoxal 5′ ‐phosphate to apoenzyme. The conformational change could not, in fact, be observed by solution X‐ray scattering. This suggests that there is no major modification of the overall shape of the enzyme upon coenzyme binding, although there are likely to be variations in the protein—solvent interactions. An accurate value of the radius of gyration, 29.0 ± 0.5 Å has been determined.