bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Employment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation
Authors: Marinello Samantha , Leider Julien , Powell Lisa M.
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes have been implemented worldwide to raise revenue and reduce consumption of SSBs, which is associated with health harms. Empirical evaluations have found that these taxes are successful at reducing demand for SSBs; however, SSB taxes face opposition, in part because of claims that they will lead to substantial job losses. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the San Francisco SSB tax, implemented on January 1st, 2018, on employment.

Methods

Monthly employment counts were obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics from January 2013 (5-years pre-tax) through December 2019 (2-years post-tax) for the overall economy, private sector, supermarkets and other grocery stores, convenience stores, limited-service restaurants, and beverage manufacturing. A synthetic control analysis was conducted for each employment outcome. The synthetic controls (i.e., estimated counterfactuals) were generated from a pool of urban control counties using pre-tax labor market-related characteristics.

Results

The synthetic controls had similar labor market-related characteristics and employment outcomes to those in San Francisco in the pre-tax period. Up to 2 years post-tax, differences in employment between San Francisco and the synthetic controls were small and not “statistically significant” based on placebo tests for all employment outcomes.

Conclusions

Up to two years post-tax, we do not find evidence that the San Francisco SSB tax negatively impacted net employment, employment in the private sector, or employment in specific SSB-related industries.
Human click-based echolocation: Effects of blindness and age, and real-life implications in a 10-week training program
Authors: Norman Liam J. , Dodsworth Caitlin , Foresteire Denise , Thaler Lore
Published: June 2021

Understanding the factors that determine if a person can successfully learn a novel sensory skill is essential for understanding how the brain adapts to change, and for providing rehabilitative support for people with sensory loss. We report a training study investigating the effects of blindness and age on the learning of a complex auditory skill: click-based echolocation. Blind and sighted participants of various ages (21–79 yrs; median blind: 45 yrs; median sighted: 26 yrs) trained in 20 sessions over the course of 10 weeks in various practical and virtual navigation tasks. Blind participants also took part in a 3-month follow up survey assessing the effects of the training on their daily life. We found that both sighted and blind people improved considerably on all measures, and in some cases performed comparatively to expert echolocators at the end of training. Somewhat surprisingly, sighted people performed better than those who were blind in some cases, although our analyses suggest that this might be better explained by the younger age (or superior binaural hearing) of the sighted group. Importantly, however, neither age nor blindness was a limiting factor in participants’ rate of learning (i.e. their difference in performance from the first to the final session) or in their ability to apply their echolocation skills to novel, untrained tasks. Furthermore, in the follow up survey, all participants who were blind reported improved mobility, and 83% reported better independence and wellbeing. Overall, our results suggest that the ability to learn click-based echolocation is not strongly limited by age or level of vision. This has positive implications for the rehabilitation of people with vision loss or in the early stages of progressive vision loss.
MICA-G129R: A bifunctional fusion protein increases PRLR-positive breast cancer cell death in co-culture with natural killer cells
Authors: Ding Hui , Buzzard Garrett W. , Huang Sisi , Sehorn Michael G. , Marcus R. Kenneth , Wei Yanzhang
Published: June 2021

Breast cancer cells were reported to up-regulate human prolactin receptor (PRLR) to assist their growth through the utilization of prolactin (PRL) as the growth factor, which makes PRLR a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer. On the other hand, advanced cancer cells tend to down-regulate or shed off stress signal proteins to evade immune surveillance and elimination. In this report, we created a fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of MHC class I chain-related protein (MICA), a stress signal protein and ligand of the activating receptor NKG2D of natural killer (NK) cells, and G129R, an antagonistic variant of PRL. We hypothesize that the MICA portion of the fusion protein binds to NKG2D to activate NK cells and the G129R portion binds to PRLR on breast cancer cells, so that the activated NK cells will kill the PRLR-positive breast cancer cells. We demonstrated that the MICA-G129R fusion protein not only binds to human natural killer NK-92 cells and PRLR-positive human breast cancer T-47D cells, but also promotes NK cells to release granzyme B and IFN-γ and enhances the cytotoxicity of NK cells specifically on PRLR-positive cells. The fusion protein, therefore, represents a new approach for the development of breast cancer specific immunotherapy.
DETERMINING THE VALUE STREAM IN THE PROCESS OF TESTING KNOWLEDGE OF LABOR PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE VOLGOGRAD BRANCH OF PJSC "RTK")
Authors: Senchenko V. A. , Kaverzneva T. T. , Skripnik I. L. , Voronin S. V.
Published: June 2021

According to the structure of the objects served, operating organizations have geographically remote workplaces. These traditionally include organizations in the telecommunications industry, electric power, gas industry, oil industry, and others. With the development of telecommunication channels and electronic data transmission technologies, more and more enterprises in the world use the labor of workers who work remotely. There is a trend in the world to increase the number of jobs that operate remotely from each other. This is due to global cooperation, territorial unevenness in the distribution of qualified human resources, as well as different costs depending on the region for the organization of jobs. In the context of the spread of COVID-19 and other infections, industrial communications via telecommunications channels in some cases become the only possible and safe way. Despite the territorial remoteness of workplaces from each other, the requirements of labor legislation for training and testing the knowledge of labor protection requirements for employees remain. The article presents a map of creating a value stream in the process of testing knowledge of labor protection requirements in the Volgograd branch of PJSC «RTK». The map visualizes the process and shows operations that create value for the company when checking the employee’s knowledge of occupational safety requirements. The analysis of the transport component during the verification of knowledge of labor protection requirements is given. The article presents the necessary and sufficient types and methods of transmitting information in the process of checking knowledge of labor protection requirements. It is concluded that it is expedient for remote workplaces to switch from face-to-face testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements to remote testing.
Une transformation pédagogique et numérique pour susciter engagement et motivation : exemple d’un cours à l’université
Authors: Pichon Aude , Tanguy Eric
Published: June 2021

Cet article met en lumière l’évolution d’un cours à partir des constats réalisés par l’enseignant, de ses besoins vis-à-vis de sa manière d’enseigner et des effets qu’il souhaite induire chez les étudiant(e)s. Cette évolution fait part d’une transformation pédagogique et numérique d’un enseignement traditionnel CM/TD/TP (Cours Magistral, Travaux dirigés, Travaux pratiques) en un enseignement-apprentissage hybride couplé à un apprentissage par projet. L’objectif pour l’enseignant et la conseillère pédagogique accompagnant ce changement est de rendre les étudiants acteurs de leurs apprentissages, c'est-à-dire de les amener à prendre part activement aux apprentissages visés et de les rendre responsables des actions qu’ils entreprennent pour apprendre. Cet objectif est recherché afin de susciter motivation et engagement en formation pour les étudiants et de retrouver du plaisir à enseigner pour l’enseignant.
Regression Forecasts of Irrigated Winter Crop Yields Us-ing Satellite Vegetation Indexеs: Models, Predictors and Experiments
Authors:   South Ural State University, Khalil Z.H. , Abdullaev S.M.
Published: June 2021

The technologies of agrometeorological crop forecasts (ACF), based on data on the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) are an important element of the modern agricultural industry. Aim. To establish the heuristic yield model and approaches to the development of models of regression forecasts, including the ACF predictors selection procedure by exploring satellite Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NDVI data and conduct experimental forecasting. Materials and methods. The official yield statistics of irrigated winter wheat and barley in Diwaniyah province of Iraq and the NDVI MODIS observation for 2001–2019 are used. It is proposed to choose a two-component heuristic yield model containing a yield trend, due to a relatively slow change in crop cultivation technology and a climatic component associated with fluctuations in biological productivity due to the effects of weather conditions. Results. Using of heuristic model as background, an object-oriented approach to the choice of ACF regression model and predictor selection is developed. Firstly, we use NDVI semi-quantitative connection with crop coverage and crop leaf indexes to determine NDVI evolution according with the wheat and barley growing stages. Then, it is shown that in the province level ACF, as the original predictors should choose the NDVI time-series derived on the first and second half of February for three distinct grain-producing regions of the pro-vince. Experiments have shown that the satisfactory quality of the regressive ACF of both cultures can be achieved with 2–3 different original non-collinear predictors by their combination with the last year's yield or by inclusion of linear or quadratic dependencies. Conclusion. Wheat forecast with a relative error of 10% is obtained only by special selecting of time interval to train model and by control the parameters of the auto-regressive predictor. The high quality of the barley forecasting models is due to the fact that the variability of barley yields is dominated by the climatic component. The developed object-oriented approach can be adapted to the conditions of rainfed agriculture and to forecast of yield of other crops.
The Project of Creation of an Aviation Product as a Special Class of Innovation
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Mustaev I.Z. , Ivanov V.Yu. , Kulikov G.G. , Mustaev T.I. ,   PJSC “UEC-Ufa Engine-Building Production Association”,   JSC “Ufa Scientific and Production Enterprise “Molniya”
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the presentation of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of projects for the creation of complex technical products of a new generation. It is shown that the classification of the projects under consideration creates methodological prerequisites for increasing the accuracy and quality of forecasts of time and resources. It is asserted that in the general set of innovative processes, innovative projects for creating a new generation of aviation products fall into an independent subgroup of innovative projects for creating complex technical objects of a new generation. Allocation of a separate subgroup of projects allows you to form specific methods of modeling, analysis, forecasting and management for them. Materials and methods. Justification is carried out in the form of a logical conclusion. There are four indicators that characterize the design processes. Based on the analysis of the features of the projects for the creation of aircraft products, it was concluded that it is necessary to clarify the set of criteria for projects to create complex equipment of a new generation. For this group of projects, in addition to the existing four criteria of goals, timing, resources and organization of project execution, it is proposed to add a fifth criterion – the criterion of project uncertainty. Result. It is shown that in the aggregate a group of five criteria makes it possible to single out from the whole set of innovative processes associated with the creation of new technology, a subgroup of processes for creating complex technology of a new generation. The differences between the interpretation of uncertainty adopted in the work and the interpretation of uncertainty used in the project analysis as a set of risks accompanying projects are noted. Conclusion. An integral criterion for the magnitude of sociophysical potential has been formed, combining the criteria of goals, timing, resources, organization and uncertainty of innovative projects. An example of the interpretation of the integral criterion for the case of creating a new gene¬ration aircraft product is given.
Stigmasterol and Stigmasterone from Methanol Extract of Calophyllum soulattri Burm. F. Stem Bark
Authors: Marliyana Surya Dewi , Wibowo Fajar Rakhman , Handayani Desi Suci , Kusumaningsih Triana , Suryanti Venty , Firdaus Maulidan , Annisa Ema Nur
Published: June 2021

Stigmasterol and Stigmasterone from Methanol Extract of Calophyllum soulattri Burm. F. Stem Bark. Calophyllum soulattri Burm. F. has been widely used for herbal medicine. Phytochemical investigation of C. soulattri contains a secondary metabolite of the steroid class. Steroid compounds have various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antibacterial, antimalarial, and anticancer. Two secondary metabolites steroids have been isolated and identified from the stem bark extract of C. soulattri. Isolation was carried out through the extraction (maceration), fractionation, and purification stages. Maceration is carried out using methanol as a solvent. Fractionation was carried out by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), and purification was by flash column chromatography. Identification of combined fractions and determination of pure isolates were used through thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The solvent used in the chromatography methods was a mixture of n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The structure isolates were identified by FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR and compared with literature data. Secondary metabolites steroids that have been isolated are identical compounds to stigmasterol and stigmasterone.
Dynamic phospho-modification of viral proteins as a crucial regulatory layer of influenza A virus replication and innate immune responses
Authors: Boergeling Yvonne , Brunotte Linda , Ludwig Stephan
Published: June 2021

Influenza viruses are small RNA viruses with a genome of about 13 kb. Because of this limited coding capacity, viral proteins have evolved to fulfil multiple functions in the infected cell. This implies that there must be mechanisms allowing to dynamically direct protein action to a distinct activity in a spatio-temporal manner. Furthermore, viruses exploit many cellular processes, which also have to be dynamically regulated during the viral replication cycle. Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins are fundamental for the control of many cellular responses. There is accumulating evidence that this mechanism represents a so far underestimated level of regulation in influenza virus replication. Here, we focus on the current knowledge of dynamics of phospho-modifications in influenza virus replication and show recent examples of findings underlining the crucial role of phosphorylation in viral transport processes as well as activation and counteraction of the innate immune response.
Leisure Activities as a Driver of Personality Development? A Random-Intercept Cross-lagged Panel Model Across 13 Years in Adulthood
Authors: Sander Julia , Schumann Paul , Richter David , Specht Jule
Published: June 2021

Repeated experiences and activities drive personality development. Leisure activities are among the daily routines that may elicit personality change. Yet despite the important role they play in daily life, little is known about their prospective effects on personality traits and vice versa. The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which within-person changes in leisure activities lead to prospective changes in personality traits, and whether changes in personality elicit prospective changes in leisure activities. We applied random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) to four waves of 13-year longitudinal data (2005−2017) from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) for the sample as a whole (N = 55,790) and for three specific age groups (young, middle-aged, and older adults). We examined between-person associations and within-person auto-regressive effects, correlated change and cross-lagged effects for Big Five personality traits (i.e., openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) with self-reported frequency of leisure activities (i.e., physical activities, socializing, volunteering, political activity, artistic and musical activity, going out) and overall participation in leisure activities. At the between-person level, leisure activities and overall participation were most strongly associated with openness to experience. At the within-person level, we found reciprocal effects of extraversion only with overall participation in leisure activities and socializing. We found unidirectional within-person cross-lagged effects between leisure activities and personality traits and vice versa. Some effects were age-group-specific only. These findings suggest that leisure activities that are associated with certain traits at the between-person level are not necessarily those that trigger change in the respective personality trait. We discuss our findings based on the TESSERA framework for personality development. We conclude that the specificity of an experience or behavior and its corresponding trait is essential for personality development and should be subjected to further research.
After 2000 Stože Landslide: Part II - Development of landslide disaster risk reduction policy in Slovenia
Authors: Mikoš Matjaž
Published: June 2021

More than 20 years after the 2000 Stože Landslide that devastated the village of Log pod Mangartom in NW Slovenia, this paper gives a review of the short-term response to and disaster relief provided for this catastrophic event, and further summarises this event’s effects on Slovenia’s efforts to improve its system of preventing natural disasters caused by various forms of landslides. Recent advances in reducing landslide disasters in Slovenia after 2000 are presented, including hazard and risk maps for landslides, rockfalls, and debris flows based on modern methodologies. Also, a short overview is given of Slovenian international cooperation on natural disasters. The developments in the landslide disaster risk reduction policy have unfortunately been less obvious in terms of the state taking preventive measures by adopting relevant legislation for adequate spatial planning.
Influence of active inorganic fillers on the physical and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic composites when immersed
Authors: Jin Qiang , Zhu Lin , Madiniyeti Jiedeerbieke , He Chunxia , Li Li
Published: June 2021

Hydration-active steel slag and slag micropowder were used as inorganic fillers with silane coupling agent (KH550) to prepare wheat straw/polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic composites (WPCs) by extrusion molding. A 35-day immersion and a pre-immersion test were carried out to analyze the influence of steel slag and slag micropowder on the physical and mechanical properties of the WPCs under wet conditions. Results showed the following: (1) KH-550 exhibited a good surface modification effect on the activated steel slag and slag micropowder, (2) an increase in the activated steel slag and slag micropowder content could effectively reduce the percent water absorption of the WPCs by 20% to 25% and the expansion by 20% to 24%, respectively, compared with the control group, but had a limited effect on the tensile strength retention, and (3) pre-immersion could effectively induce the synergistic reinforcement effect of the active fillers, resulting in reaching the saturated water absorption within 20 days. The water absorption and tensile strength were respectively 18% to 25% lower and 1.5% to 3% higher than those of the composites without pre-immersion. The results of this study could provide experimental data and theoretical references for the influence of hydration-active inorganic fillers on WPC properties.
Beyond the “Indigenizing the Academy” Trend: Learning from Indigenous Higher Education Land-Based and Intercultural Pedagogies to Build Trans-Systemic Decolonial Education.
Authors: Drouin-Gagné Marie-Eve
Published: June 2021

Given the UNDRIP’s assertion of Indigenous Peoples’ rights to their education and knowledge systems, and in the wake of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s calls to action, many Canadian Universities are considering “Indigenizing the Academy.” Yet, the meaning of such undertaking remains to be clarified. This article explores trans-systemic approaches as a possible avenue for “Indigenizing the Academy,” and, more specifically, what Indigenous higher education programs and institutions can contribute to a trans-systemic approach to education. Considering two existing models I encountered in my doctoral research, namely the Intercultural approach as developed in the Andes (García et al., 2004; Mato, 2009; Sarango, 2009; Walsh, 2012), and land-based pedagogy as developed in North America (Coulthard, 2017; Coulthard & Simpson, 2016; Tuck et al., 2014; Wildcat et al., 2014), I argue they present trans-systemic elements that would allow us to re-think the frameworks in which to engage with Indigenous Peoples’ rights and knowledge systems in the mainstream academy. What could be learned from the principles and practices of these two Indigenous higher education philosophies to articulate Indigenous knowledge into trans-systemic education in the mainstream academy in ways that foster solidarity and mutual understanding between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people?
GENOME ANALYSIS OF Pseudomonas brassicacearum S-1 – AN ANTAGONIST OF CROP PATHOGENS
Authors:   Institute of Microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Muratova A. A.
Published: June 2021

The strain Pseudomonas brassicacearum S-1 is the basis of the biopesticide “Ecogreen”, which is used to control pathogens infecting vegetable and green spicy crops in small-scale hydroponics. Aim. The purpose of this work was to sequence and analyze the nucleotide sequence of the genome of strain P. brassicacearum S-1 (GenBank accession number CP045701). Methods. Whole-genome sequencing was performed by both MiSeq (Illuminа) and MinION (Oxford Nanopore). Analysis of the genome sequence was performed with a number of bioinformatics programs. Results. The genome of the P. brassicacearum S-1 strain comprising a single circular 6 577 561-bp chromosome with GC content of 60.8 %. Genome analysis revealed genes that constitute valuable biotechnological potential of the S-1 strain and determine synthesis of a wide range of secondary metabolites. Moreover, mobile genetic elements, prophages and short repetitive sequences were identified in the S-1 genome. Conclusions. Detected genetic determinants, which are responsible for the synthesis of practically valuable compounds, indicate a significant potential of the P. brassicacearum S-1 strain as a biocontrol agent.
Rye Island, 2010: Impact of the flooding on the groundwater level
Authors: Červeňanská Michaela , Baroková Dana , Šoltész Andrej
Published: June 2021

During the flood situations in May and June 2010, the culmination of the Váh River and the Danube River was accompanied by the groundwater level rising in the Rye Island, in some boreholes even to their maximum measured levels. The increased groundwater level caused major problems, e.g. flooded cellars and underground spaces, contaminated drinking water in wells, flooded railways and farmlands. As a part of the research concentrating on the groundwater flooding phenomena in the Rye Island, the flood situation from the year 2010 was reconstructed, establishing the basis for a construction of the flood hazard maps and flood risk management plans. The problem was solved with a MODFLOW numerical model using the Groundwater Modeling System.
Economic impact of Huanglongbing on orange production
Authors: Costa Gustavo Vaz da , Neves Carmen Silvia Vieira Janeiro , Bassanezi Renato Beozzo , Leite Junior Rui Pereira , Telles Tiago Santos
Published: June 2021

Abstract Huanglongbing (HLB) is considered one of the main citrus diseases; it spreads quickly through orchards, reducing the production and quality of the fruit of affected plants, and causes significant economic losses. In this context, the aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and economic impact of the losses generated by HLB in the micro-region of Paranavaí, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. We used data from the Paraná Agribusiness Defense Agency, which conducts surveys of host plants of the causal agent of HLB. The production sacrificed by HLB was estimated considering the following scenarios: (i) losses occurring from January 2011 to June 2013; and (ii) losses related to the potential production of the citrus plant over its useful life. Although the annual incidence of HLB in the Paranavaí region is currently below 2.5%, there was a 6-fold increase in the incidence of the disease, from 0.16% to 0.96%, in the period considered. Orchards that had lesser than 10,000 plants showed a higher incidence of the disease. The losses produced by HLB generated estimated economic impacts of US$11.8 million and US$39.2 million for the first and second scenarios, respectively. These results highlight the importance of the prevention and management of this disease.
Use of elicitors and fungicides for the postharvest management of Monilinia fructicola in peach
Authors: Nativitas-Lima Isabel , Calderón-Zavala Guillermo , Leyva-Mir Santos Gerardo , Colinas-León María Teresa Beryl , Cortés-Flores José Isabel , Saucedo-Veloz Crescenciano
Published: June 2021

Abstract The aim of this research was to study the effect of two factors: elicitors and fungicide doses. The experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018. The treatments were applied in four randomized complete blocks with six peach trees as the experimental unit. The effectiveness of treatments was evaluated after harvest so that fruits were inoculated with Monilinia fructicola and lesion diameter measurements were performed to evaluate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and determine the rate of increase. The content of total phenols and the activity of peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, catalase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzymes were evaluated. The results showed that applications of potassium phosphite combined with full fungicide doses reduced AUDPC of Monilinia fructicola by 47% compared with the control (no elicitor, no fungicide). The content of phenols and the enzymatic activity increased with the application of elicitors. Pre-harvest application of elicitors is a viable option for the postharvest management of Monilinia fructicola.
Comer al otro: retoricas de la alimentación: Una lectura del seminario inédito Manger l’autre de Jacques Derrida (1989 - 1990)
Authors: Salvaterra Valeria Campos
Published: June 2021

Resumen En los seminarios inéditos dictados en Estados Unidos y Francia entre 1989 y 1991, Manger l’autre: Politiques de l’amitié y Rhétoriques du cannibalisme, J. Derrida analiza la función retórica que los textos filosóficos de la tradición occidental dan a la alimentación. En cuanto acto de incorporación de lo ajeno y traspaso de fronteras entre lo exterior y lo interior, comer ha sido utilizado como metáfora por excelencia para nombrar los procesos de comprensión e idealización, así como también la dinámica general de la relación con el otro. Sin embargo, esta función trópica de la alimentación alcanza, sostiene Derrida, incluso a la lógica misma del discurso filosófico, en cuanto inseparable de una cierta retoricidad que le es constitutiva. Analizamos dichas funciones mostrando que son transversales a la filosofía en general y especiales temas de la obra de Derrida en todas sus épocas textuales.
Essential oils in pathogen resistance induction of Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden et Cambage
Authors: Stenger Luma Dalmolin , Libardoni Gabriela , Wagner Júnior Américo , Zanela Juliano , Alves Leonardo Tozzetti , Varpechoski Gabriela Osowski , Lozano Everton Ricardi , Potrich Michele
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the essential oils of Melaleuca alternifolia, Casearia sylvestris and Eugenia uniflora as inducers of defense mechanisms in Eucalyptus benthamii seedlings. Four mL of each oil, with a concentration of 0.75% were sprayed in E. benthamii seedlings and two bioassays were performed, in the first, the essential oils were sprayed and after 30 days, sugars, proteins, peroxidases, phenylalanine ammonia (PAL), and phenols were evaluated and; in the second, seven days after the first analysis, the essential oils were again sprayed and after three days, the same variables were evaluated. The essential oils of M. alternifolia, C. sylvestris, and E. uniflora sprayed had no significant effects on E. benthamii seedlings after 30 days in terms of total sugars, proteins, peroxidase, PAL activity, and phenols. However, when M. alternifolia and E. uniflora essential oils were sprayed seven days after the first analysis with evaluation after 3 days, an increase in total sugars was observed. After these days, all essential oils promoted an increase in protein levels. The oils of E. uniflora and C. sylvestris also increased peroxidase levels. The PAL defense enzyme not showed increased when essential oils were used. The essential oils of M. alternifolia and C. sylvestris had potential as inducers of defense mechanisms on E. benthamii seedlings after 3 days of their application, what it demonstrated not be permanent.
A pós-graduação para os professores da educação básica: um estudo a partir dos planos estaduais de educação
Authors: Locatelli Cleomar
Published: June 2021

RESUMO O artigo trata da pós-graduação como política de formação docente para educação básica. O objetivo é avaliar a extensão e a orientação que tal política alcança nos planos subnacionais de educação. A coleta de dados se deu, predominantemente, junto aos planos de educação dos 26 estados e do Distrito Federal. Constata-se que a pós-graduação para professores de educação básica, ainda que possa ser compreendida como um avanço para a realidade brasileira, comporta uma grande diversidade de tratamento em cada unidade da federação e sua efetivação, mesmo sendo uma meta institucional, dependerá, em grande medida, dos esforços individuais dos professores(as).
Corpo lésbico, história e formação docente: agenciando existência e visibilidade para criação de possíveis no/com o currículo
Authors: Oliveira Danilo Araujo de , Paraíso Marlucy Alves , Ferrari Anderson
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Neste texto, a partir do relato de si de uma aluna que se identifica como branca, lésbica, jovem e de classe média, problematizamos a relação entre corpo lésbico, história e formação docente no/com o currículo. Trata-se de relato construído na disciplina de estágio do curso de Licenciatura em História de uma Universidade Pública Federal em Minas Gerais. Utilizando referenciais pós-críticos, argumentamos que a formação docente dessa aluna ocorre no corpo e com o corpo, constituindo-se como um processo histórico, composto por descontinuidades e rupturas, que permite o agenciamento de existências e visibilidades para a criação de possíveis no currículo. O artigo mostra, então, que a experiência da estudante lésbica produz uma pedagogia que faz questionar os padrões heteronormativos e leva à produção de conhecimentos sobre si, sobre seu corpo e sobre possibilidades outras que a fazem reinventar sua subjetividade e sua relação com a docência.
Ortopedia do corpo, eficiência dos gestos, ciência para o esporte: modelos pedagógicos na Educação Física brasileira e na formação de seus professores
Authors: Linhales Meily Assbú , Silva Giovanna Camila da , Santos Fernanda Cristina dos
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Este artigo analisou a constituição de três modelos pedagógicos na Educação Física brasileira, entre as décadas finais do século XIX e os anos de 1980, colocando em contraste a ortopedia do corpo, a eficiência dos gestos e a ciência para o esporte como formas disciplinares distintas de produção de sentidos para a área. Foram priorizadas fontes impressas, especialmente aquelas que abordam métodos e orientações pedagógicas, além de documentos organizadores de políticas. Os indícios perscrutados e o diálogo com a historiografia do campo permitiram dar operatividade à noção de modelo pedagógico estabelecida por Marta Carvalho (2011), e lançar um olhar atento aos léxicos contribuiu na composição de cada um deles, pois algumas palavras-chave foram pistas importantes na compreensão dos processos históricos investigados. A análise implicou reconhecer nas representações sobre a Educação Física as interlocuções com outros países, dando a ver múltiplas práticas de circulação e apropriação presentes nas maneiras de educar o corpo, na escola e fora dela.
Nitrogen balance in mechanically ventilated obese patients
Authors: PÉRSICO Raquel Stocker , SOUZA Gabriela Corrêa , FRANZOSI Oellen Stuani , ROVATI Bibiana de Almeida Rubin , SANTOS Zilda Elisabeth de Albuquerque
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to evaluate if the protein intake recommendations for obese critically ill requiring mechanical ventilation are sufficient to promote a positive or neutral nitrogen balance. Methods Cross-sectional study that included 25 obese, ≥18 years old, undergoing mechanical ventilation and who were target to receive high-protein enteral nutrition therapy (2.0-2.5g/kg ideal body weight). Clinical, nutritional and biochemical variables were analyzed. Nitrogen balance was performed when patient was receiving full enteral nutrition therapy and was classified: positive when intake was greater than excretion; negative when excretion was greater than intake; neutral when both were equal. Results The characteristics of patients evaluated were 64.1±9.4 years old, clinical treatment 88%, body mass index 36.5±5.1kg/m2, nitrogen balance 0.3g/day (-5.3 to 4.8g/day), protein intake 2.1g/day (2.0-2.3g/kg) ideal body weight. Of individuals analyzed, 52% showed positive or neutral nitrogen balance with median of 4.23g/day 2.41 to 6.40g/day) in comparison to negative group with median of -5.27g/day (-10.38 to -3.86g/day). Adults had higher ratio of negative nitrogen balance (57.1%) than elderly (44.4%), with protein intake of 2.0 versus 2.1g/day, respectively. No correlation was found between nitrogen balance and variables assessed. Conclusion High-protein enteral nutrition therapy contributed to positive or neutral nitrogen balance for approximately half of obese ventilated individuals. With similar protein intake, elderly showed a higher proportion of positive or neutral nitrogen balance. Nitrogen balance can be influenced by various factors, so further studies are required to identify different protein needs in obese critically.
Social inequalities and household food insecurity in quilombola communities in Brazil
Authors: CHEROL Camilla Christine de Souza , FERREIRA Aline Alves , SALLES-COSTA Rosana
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and food insecurity in quilombola communities in Brazil. Methods Microdata from the 2011 Quilombola Census “Assessment of the food and nutritional security situation in titled quilombola communities” were evaluated. The Brazilian household food insecurity measurement scale was used to evaluate household food insecurity status. Multinomial regression models were used to test the association between sociodemographic characteristics and food insecurity. Results The prevalence of food insecurity was 86.1% (mild: 30.2%; moderate/severe: 55.9%). In the final adjusted model, the factors significantly associated with moderate/severe food insecurity (p-value<0.001) were: head of household being single or divorced, head of household with 1-7 years of schooling, a larger domicile size, households with children under 5 years of age, precarious sanitation, a household income of less than the minimum wage, and being from a quilombola communities in the North of the country. Conclusion The results indicated that the prevalence of food insecurity among quilombola households is high, requiring the implementation of public policies to promote food and nutritional security and to mitigate the historical social injustices suffered by this population.
Autoavaliação negativa da saúde em pessoas idosas associada a condições socioeconômicas e de saúde: inquérito populacional em Rio Branco, Acre
Authors: Usnayo Rodolfo Esteban Kelca , Monteiro Gina Torres Rego , Amaral Cledir de Araújo , Vasconcellos Maurício Teixeira Leite de , Amaral Thatiana Lameira Maciel
Published: June 2021

Resumo Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde e sua associação com condições socioeconômicas, sintomas depressivos, funcionalidade e morbidades autorreferidas em pessoas idosas de Rio Branco, Acre. Método Trata-se de uma pesquisa realizada com dados do Estudo das Doenças Crônicas em Idosos (EDOC-I), um inquérito domiciliar realizado com pessoas a partir de 60 anos residentes em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil, em 2014 (n=1.016). A autoavaliação negativa da saúde foi definida pelos estratos “ruim” e “muito ruim”. Foram aplicadas as escalas de depressão geriátrica e das atividades da vida diária e instrumentais da vida diária. Como medida de associação da autoavaliação negativa da saúde com variáveis de interesse foi empregada a técnica de regressão logística múltipla. Resultados A prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde foi de 15,4%, apresentando associação estatisticamente significativa com sexo feminino (OR:1,72; IC95%:1,17-2,51), baixa escolaridade (OR:2,33; IC95%:1,37-3,97), sedentarismo (OR:1,84; IC95%: 1,08-3,14) e uso de medicamentos (OR:3,01; IC95%:1,52-5,95). Também se detectou associação com sintomas depressivos (OR:2,55; IC95%:1,74-3,73), presença de multimorbidades (OR:1,73; IC95%:1,15-2,61) e dependência total nas atividades instrumentais da vida diária (OR:2,42; IC95%:1,40-4,17). As morbidades associadas à percepção negativa da saúde foram: asma/bronquite (OR:2,74; IC95%:1,61-4,67), insônia (OR:1,80; IC95%:1,25-2,58) e problemas cardíacos (OR:1,77; IC95%:1,18-2,68). Conclusão Assim, a autoavaliação negativa da saúde das pessoas idosas sofre influência das condições socioeconômicas e de saúde, sendo um indicador útil para o delineamento de estratégias em saúde que favoreçam o envelhecimento com independência e bem-estar físico e emocional.
Influence of native and exotic tree plantations on biophysical indicators in the Brazilian Savanna
Authors: Adorno Bruno Vargas , Barreira Sybelle , Ferreira Manuel Eduardo , Veloso Gabriel Alves
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT The monitoring of biophysical indicators can show the conservation or recovery status of a landscape. This study aimed to analyze the influence of tree plantations on the dynamics of biophysical indicators (albedo, NDVI, surface temperature and evapotranspiration), in an experimental area of the Cerrado biome (Brazilian Savanna), by applying remote sensing techniques and the SEBAL algorithm. The indicators dynamics were given as a function of changes in the land use, while assessing the response of the environment to the planting of tree species. SEBAL data on areas that underwent changes in land use and cover during this period were analyzed. In the surroundings of the experimental area, albedo and surface temperature decreased in agricultural and exposed soil areas converted to tree plantations, while the NDVI and evapotranspiration increased. The opposite happened in the conversion of native areas destined to agriculture and livestock. In the experimental area, it was confirmed that the plantations contributed not only to the decrease in the surface and albedo temperature, but also to the increase in the NDVI and evapotranspiration. This confirms the positive influence of tree planting in rural properties of the Cerrado as a support to environmental regularization and more sustainable agricultural systems. Moreover, it highlights the potential of the technique applied to assist in monitoring Cerrado ecosystems in areas larger than those commonly monitored in the field.
Fitossociologia da caatinga na Floresta Nacional de Açu, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, e entorno: diversidade e biogeografia do componente lenhoso
Authors: Paiva Carla Daniela Guedes , Moro Marcelo Freire , Sousa Leandro de Oliveira Furtado de , Baldauf Cristina
Published: June 2021

RESUMO O semiárido do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte pode ser dividido em duas unidades geoambientais principais: Depressão Sertaneja e a Bacia Sedimentar Potiguar. Embora a flora das bacias sedimentares arenosas normalmente seja diferente daquela dos terrenos cristalinos, parte da Bacia Potiguar possui depósitos paleo-aluvionares pedregosos, com seixos rolados, impondo à flora condições edáficas diferentes. A Floresta Nacional de Açu está localizada em um trecho da borda da Bacia Potiguar com depósitos de seixos, que tornam o solo pedregoso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a estrutura fitossociológica da caatinga na FLONA e arredores e compreender os vínculos biogeográficos da flora local em relação a outras áreas da Caatinga. Selecionamos áreas no interior e arredores da FLONA e amostramos 1500 indivíduos lenhosos, pertencentes a 33 espécies. Os vínculos biogeográficos mostram que a borda pedregosa da Bacia Potiguar tem mais proximidade com a flora dos terrenos cristalinos do que com terrenos arenosos de outras bacias sedimentares arenosas.
Revisão sistemática de intervenções para prevenção da perda auditiva induzida por ruído ocupacional – uma atualização
Authors: Samelli Alessandra Giannella , Matas Carla Gentile , Gomes Raquel Fornaziero , Morata Thais Catalani
Published: June 2021

Resumo Objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre a efetividade de intervenções para prevenção da perda auditiva induzida por ruído ocupacional, atualizando os achados da mais recente versão da revisão sistemática Cochrane do mesmo tema. Estratégia de pesquisa As buscas ocorreram nas bases PubMed, Web of Science e Scopus. Critérios de seleção Como intervenções, foram considerados: controles de engenharia/administrativos; dispositivos de proteção auditiva (DPA); vigilância auditiva e monitoramento audiológico. Análise dos dados Para a análise de risco de viés, cada estudo foi avaliado de acordo com a adoção de randomização, alocação, cegamento, desfecho, outras fontes de viés. Resultados Foram obtidas 475 referências no total. Destas, 17 estudos cumpriram os critérios de inclusão: um randomizado, um de série temporal interrompida e 15 de antes e depois. A maioria dos estudos foi realizada em indústrias; três em ambiente militar e/ou de treinamento de tiro; um em orquestra e outro em construção civil. A maioria dos estudos mostrou alto risco de viés. Seis estudos verificaram redução da exposição ao ruído a curto prazo por meio de controles de engenharia/administrativos; um verificou impacto positivo decorrente de mudança na legislação; cinco verificaram efeitos positivos dos DPA na diminuição da exposição ao ruído e dos treinamentos educacionais no uso do DPA; e dois encontraram redução dos níveis de ruído e aumento no uso do DPA decorrentes da implementação de programas de conservação auditiva. Conclusão Todos os estudos analisados concluíram que as intervenções utilizadas resultaram em efeitos positivos sobre a audição e/ou sobre a exposição ao ruído. Em relação aos efeitos de longo termo, a grande maioria dos estudos limitou-se a avaliar efeitos imediatos ou de curto termo, reforçando que estudos incluindo follow-up de longo termo devem ser desenvolvidos.
Desafios do multiprofissionalismo para a redução de danos em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas
Authors: Pires Roberto Rocha C. , Santos Maria Paula Gomes dos
Published: June 2021

Resumo O artigo aborda a implementação da estratégia de Redução de Danos (RD) por equipes multiprofissionais nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas (Caps AD) do Distrito Federal. A partir dos aportes teóricos dos estudos sobre implementação de políticas públicas e da sociologia das profissões, buscou-se refletir sobre as implicações do multiprofissionalismo para a tradução da RD em ações práticas junto aos usuários dos serviços. Realizou-se pesquisa de campo nas sete unidades de Caps AD do Distrito Federal, onde as atividades cotidianas foram observadas e profissionais foram entrevistados. A análise revelou que: (1) há variação substantiva na forma como os profissionais atuantes nos Caps AD interpretam e praticam a RD; (2) suas diferentes formas de entendimento e ação associam-se à formação profissional em distintos campos de conhecimento (psicossocial versus biomédico); e (3) estas divergências podem resultar em conflitos entre profissionais e implicar consequências negativas para os usuários dos serviços. Discute-se, também, os meios encontrados pelas gerências para a gestão e mitigação destas implicações. Os achados contribuem para reflexões mais amplas sobre os desafios que se impõem à sustentabilidade do modelo de atenção proposto para os Caps AD.
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women
Authors: AKPINAR ASLAN Esma , KILINÇEL Oğuzhan
Published: June 2021

Objective: The negative consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women and the mental disorders it may trigger pose risks for the physical, cognitive and psychological development of infants as well as having risks in terms of the general health and functionality of the mother. This study aimed to investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women and to evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms.

Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 112 pregnant women who agreed to fill an online survey which was provided to them via e-mail. Online survey consisted of sociodemographic data form, questions related to COVID-19, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-Short Form (DASS-21), and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-5) (PCL-5).

Results: The mean age of the participants was 31.06 years. The DASS-21 subscale score for depression was 4.20 (± 3.91) whereas it was 3.75 (± 3.50) for the anxiety subscale and 5.68 (± 3.81) for the stress subscale. Total PCL-5 score was 31.29 (± 16.85). Those diagnosed with COVID-19 during the pandemic were observed to show a higher rate of anxiety symptoms. Those who believed that they needed professional support for mental health during the pandemic showed higher rates of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The prevalence of PTSD symptoms were found to be higher among participants who were not health care professionals and who thought they needed professional support for mental health during the pandemic.

Conclusion: Determining the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women will be important to put early intervention methods in action and implement evidence-based practices.