bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an Educational Program on Nurses' Knowledge and Practice in the Management of Acute Painful Crises in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Yacoub Mohammed Ibrahim , Zaiton Hala Ibrahim , Abdelghani Faten A. , Elshatarat Rami A.
Published: January 2019

Background:

Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects millions of people worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Nurses can have a significant role in improving the outcomes of individuals with SCD. This study examined the effectiveness of an educational program on the knowledge and practice of nurses who provide care for individuals with acute sickle cell crisis.

Method:

A pretest–posttest control group design was used. The study was conducted at two hospitals in the northern region of Egypt. The sample included 77 RNs working in hematologic and genetic units. Data were collected using a self-administered knowledge questionnaire and a clinical performance checklist.

Results:

Findings indicated a significant difference in nurses' knowledge and care practices after implementing the educational program.

Conclusion:

This educational program enhanced nurses' knowledge and practice for managing SCD. Training and continuing education programs need to be provided for nurses in hospital settings who provide care for individuals with SCD. Moreover, nursing curricula should reflect the standardized care for individuals with sickle cell crisis.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2019;50(2):87–95.]
Generate a Meta-Model Content for Collaboration Space of Learning Management System Compatible with IMS-LD
Authors: Ouadoud Mohammed , Chafiq Tarik , Rida Nouha , Chkouri Mohamed Yassin
Published: January 2019

The context of this work is that of designing a Instructional Management Systems - Learning Design (IMS-LD) model for collaboration space of a Learning Management System (LMS). Our work is specifically in the field or seeking to promote, by means of information technology from a distance. Our approach is to first think about the conditions for creating a real collaboration space between learners, and designing the IT environment that supports this space. In this paper, we try to adapt the IMS-LD model with a collaboration model for Learning Management System based on the social constructivism. This adaptation will go through three stages. Firstly, the development of an LMS model. Secondly, the study of correspondence between the developed model and IMS-LD model. Finally their transformation to IMS-LD model.
The Mental Health Needs of Child and Adolescent Refugees and Asylum Seekers Entering Europe
Authors: Sapthiang Supakyada , Van Gordon William , Shonin Edo , Griffiths Mark D.
Published: January 2019

Children and adolescents constitute more than half of the global refugee population, and almost one-third of first-time asylum seekers in the European Union (EU) during 2015 were under 18 years of age. Syria, in particular, accounts for a substantial proportion of young refugees and asylum seekers because the ongoing civil war has led to almost 5 million Syrians fleeing their country and becoming refugees during the past 7 years. Being a child or adolescent refugee or asylum seeker carries an increased risk of developing mental illness, and such displaced young people are known to experience problems in accessing health-care support. The present article draws on examples from Syria in order to (i) Highlight mental health issues that typically arise in children and adolescent refugees and asylum seekers entering Europe and (ii) discuss how changes to health systems and policies in European countries receiving refugees and asylum seekers can be better aligned with global efforts to improve the mental health of young displaced immigrants. In general, research findings indicate that there is a need for better awareness, intra-agency collaboration, and cultural sensitivity toward the mental health needs of this immigrant population. Furthermore, there is also a need for EU countries to better respond to posttraumatic stress disorder and other typical refugee and asylum seeker mental health problems by more closely aligning national policies with global initiatives to improve the mental health of young displaced immigrants.
Social Support and Mental Health in Patients with Hematological Diseases
Authors: Högberg Karin , Broström Anders
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

Patients with hematological diseases (HDs) experience a variety of physiological and psychological symptoms. The purpose was to examine how anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, and mastery are associated with perceived social support and mental health in patients with HDs.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 120 patients with HDs participated at a Swedish University hospital. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Perceived social support, mental health, insomnia, and mastery were measured using Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, the Mental Component Score from the Short-Form Health Survey-12, and Minimal Insomnia Symptoms Scale and Pearlin Mastery Scale, respectively. Structural equation modeling was performed to analyze the data.

Results:

Associations between depressive symptoms and perceived social support differed depending on the insomnia symptom scores.

Conclusion:

Health-care personnel should routinely assess not only patients' levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms but also their insomnia to identify areas suitable for interventions to improve social support, as well as patient's mental health.
On the Fourier Transformability of Strongly Almost Periodic Measures
Authors: Strungaru Nicolae
Published: January 2019

In this paper we characterize the Fourier transformability of strongly almost periodic measures in terms of an integrability condition for their Fourier–Bohr series. We also provide a necessary and sufficient condition for a strongly almost periodic measure to be the Fourier transform of a measure. We discuss the Fourier transformability of a measure on $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ in terms of its Fourier transform as a tempered distribution. We conclude by looking at a large class of such measures coming from the cut and project formalism.
Laboratory Parameters after Treatment for Loa loa and Mansonella perstans: The Experience of a Single Referral Center for Tropical Diseases in a Non-Endemic Area
Authors: Gobbi Federico , Tamarozzi Francesca , Buonfrate Dora , Rodari Paola , Tais Stefano , Bisoffi Zeno
Published: January 2019

Infections due to Loa loa and Mansonella perstans are common yet elusive neglected filariases. Parasitological cure after treatment is very difficult to assess, as adult parasites are not accessible. Therefore, outside transmission areas, patients require a long follow-up period to ascertain the therapeutic outcome, which is impractical for non-sedentary populations such as migrants. We studied the change over time of microfilaremia, eosinophil counts, and antifilarial antibodies tested with a commercial ELISA test (Bordier Affinity Products, Crissier, Switzerland), in a retrospective cohort of patients with confirmed L. loa and M. perstans infections, to evaluate the role of serology in clinical practice. After treatment, all 22 eligible patients diagnosed in our center between 2015 and 2017 reached amicrofilaremia, with microfilarial counts decreasing sharply within 2 months. Paralleling eosinophil counts, antibodies decreased in all patients, 36% of whom reached sero-reversion or near–sero-reversion in < 20 months. These findings suggest that positive serology is not just residual from a past infection, and may be used for diagnosis even when microfilaremia is negative or cannot be performed. Interestingly, antibodies and eosinophil counts increased following some, but not all, re-treatment courses. If the rise in these parameters reflects death of macrofilariae, caution is required in interpreting high eosinophil counts and antibody titers shortly after treatment, as these may reflect no need for further treatment. To optimize patients’ management, it is now pivotal to ascertain the interval between treatment and macrofilarial death and therefore whether re-treatments are required for complete clearance of parasites.
Teorias constitucionais progressistas, backlash e vaquejada
Authors: Chueiri Vera Karam de , Macedo José Artur De Castillo
Published: January 2019

O artigo parte da relação entreconstitucionalismo e democracia nas teoriasconstitucionais progressistas do campo liberal;especificamente o direito como integridade, ominimalismo judicial e o constitucionalismodemocrático, apontando suas diferenças emrelação ao papel que atribuem às Cortes nasolução das controvérsias constitucionais,como também aos efeitos provocados por suasdecisões (backlash). Por fim, discute-se o casoda vaquejada (ADI n. 4.983) para mostrar comotais teorias constitucionais progressistas e suasrespostas aobacklashpodem servir para iluminaraspectos negligenciados da prática constitucionalbrasileira, sem, contudo, advogar pela importaçãode uma ou outra teoria para o Brasil.
Molecular characterization of organic aerosol in the Himalayas: insight from ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: An Yanqing , Xu Jianzhong , Feng Lin , Zhang Xinghua , Liu Yanmei , Kang Shichang , Jiang Bin , Liao Yuhong
Published: January 2019

Abstract. An increased trend in aerosol concentration has been observed in the
Himalayas in recent years, but the understanding of the chemical composition
and sources of aerosol remains poorly understood. In this study, molecular
chemical composition of water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) from two filter
samples collected during two high aerosol loading periods (denoted as P1 and
P2) at a high-altitude station (Qomolangma Station, QOMS;
4276 m a.s.l.) in the northern Himalayas was identified using
electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass
spectrometry (ESI-FTICR MS). More than 4000 molecular formulas were
identified in each filter sample which were classified into two compound
groups (CHO and CHON) based on their elemental composition, with both
accounting for nearly equal contributions in number (45 %–55 %).
The relative abundance weighted mole ratio of O∕Cw for P1 and P2
was 0.43 and 0.39, respectively, and the weighted double bond equivalents
(DBEw), an index for the saturation of organic molecules, were 7.12 and
7.87, respectively. Although the O∕Cw mole ratio was comparable for
CHO and CHON compounds, the DBEw was significantly higher in CHON
compounds than CHO compounds. More than 50 % molecular formulas in the Van
Krevelen (VK) diagram (H∕C vs. O∕C) were located in 1–1.5 (H∕C) and 0.2–0.6
(O∕C) regions, suggesting potential lignin-like compounds. The distributions
of CHO and CHON compounds in the VK diagram, DBE vs. number of C atoms, and other
diagnostic diagrams showed high similarities among each other, suggesting
their similar source and/or atmospheric processes. Many formulas formed from
biogenic volatile organic compounds (e.g., ozonolysis of α-pinene
products) and biomass-burning-emitted compounds (e.g., phenolic compounds)
were found in the WSOM, suggesting the important contribution of these two
sources in the Himalayas. The high DBE and high fraction of nitrogen-containing aerosol can potentially impact aerosol light absorption in this
remote region. Further comprehensive study is needed due to the complexity of
organic aerosol and limited molecular number identified in this study.
Global soil-climate-biome diagram: linking surface soil properties to climate and biota
Authors: Zhao Xia , Yang Yuanhe , Shen Haihua , Geng Xiaoqing , Fang Jingyun
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Surface soils interact strongly with both climate and biota and provide fundamental ecosystem services that maintain food, climate, and human security. However, the quantitative linkages between soil properties, climate, and biota at the global scale remain unclear. By compiling a comprehensive global soil database, we mapped eight major soil properties (bulk density; clay, silt, and sand fractions; soil pH; soil organic carbon [SOC] density; soil total nitrogen [STN] density; and soil C : N mass ratios) in the surface (0–30 cm) soil layer based on machine learning algorithms, and demonstrated the quantitative linkages between surface soil properties, climate, and biota at the global scale (i.e., global soil-climate-biome diagram). On the diagram, bulk density increased significantly with higher mean annual temperature (MAT) and lower mean annual precipitation (MAP); soil clay fraction increased significantly with higher MAT and MAP; Soil pH decreased with higher MAP and lower MAT, and the critical MAP for the transition from alkaline to acidic soil decreased with decreasing MAT; SOC density and STN density both were jointly affected by MAT and MAP, showing an increase at lower MAT and a saturation tendency towards higher MAP. Surface soil physical and chemical properties also showed remarkable variations across biomes. The soil-climate-biome diagram suggests the co-evolution of the soil, climate, and biota under global environmental change.
Accommodation space indicates dune development potential along an urbanized and frequently nourished coastline
Authors: Nolet Corjan , Riksen Michel J. P. M.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. With densely populated areas well below mean sea level, the
Netherlands relies heavily on its dunes to ensure coastal safety. About half of the sandy
coastline, however, is subject to structural marine erosion and requires frequent sand
nourishment as a counteractive measure. A key component of present-day coastal safety
policy is creating favorable conditions for natural dune development. These conditions
essentially involve (1) a steady supply of wind-blown sand towards (2) a wide
accommodation space where sand can accumulate and dunes are sheltered from frequent storm
surge impacts. This paper examines to what extent an experimental mega-scale beach
nourishment (termed Zandmotor in Dutch) has contributed to creating
accommodation space favorable for dune development. Using publicly available airborne
lidar data and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, favorable accommodation space is identified
by comparing recent changes in coastal morphology against dune vegetation-cover dynamics.
With a focus on European marram grass (Ammophila arenaria) as the most prominent
dune-building species, this paper demonstrates that the Zandmotor supports an
especially high potential for incipient (embryo) dunes to develop as most of its
favorable accommodation space is located on the beach. However, considering the
conditions required for successful marram grass establishment as well as persistent
anthropogenic disturbances arising from recreation and nature management practices, it is
not likely that dune development along this urbanized coastline reaches its full
potential.
On fluctuating air-sea-interaction in local models: linear theory
Authors: Wirth Achim
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The dynamics of three local linear models of air sea-interation commonly employed in climate or ocean simulations is compared. The models differ by whether or not the ocean velocity is included in the shear calculation applied to the ocean and the atmosphere. Analytic calculations for the models with deteministic and random forcing (white and colored) are presented. The short term behavior is similar in all models, which only small quantitative differences, while the longterm behavior differs qualitatively between the models. The fluctuation-dissipation-relation, which connects the fast excitation to the slow dissipation, is establised for all models with random forcing. The fluctuation-dissipation-theorem, which compares the response to an external forcing to internal fluctuations is established for a white-noise forcing and a colored forcing when the phase space is augmented by the forcing variable. Using results from numerical integrations of stochastic differential equations shows that the fluctuation-theorem, which compares the probability of positive to negative fluxes of the same magnitude, averaged over time-intervals of varying length, holds for the energy gained by the ocean from the atmosphere.
Hydrogeological conceptual model of andesitic watersheds revealed by high-resolution geophysics
Authors: Vittecoq Benoit , Reninger Pierre-Alexandre , Lacquement Frédéric , Martelet Guillaume , Violette Sophie
Published: January 2019

Abstract. We conducted a multidisciplinary study at the watershed scale of an andesitic-type volcanic island in order to better characterize the hydrogeological functioning of aquifers and to better evaluate groundwater resource. A helicopter-borne TDEM survey was conducted in 2013 over Martinique Island in order to investigate underground volcanic structures and lithology, characterized by high lateral and vertical variability, and resulting in a very high heterogeneity of their hydrogeological characteristics. Correlations were made on three adjacent watersheds between resistivity data along flight lines and geological and hydrogeological data from 51 boreholes and 24 springs, showing that the younger the formations, the higher their resistivity. Correlation between resistivity, geology and transmissivity data of three aquifers is attested: the older the formation, the lower its resistivity, and the higher its transmissivity. Moreover, we demonstrate that the main geological structures lead to preferential flow circulations and that hydrogeological watershed can differ from topographical watershed. The consequence is that even if the topographical watershed is small, underground flow circulations can add significant amount of water to river watershed’s water balance. This effect is amplified when lava domes and their roots are situated upstream, as they present very high hydraulic conductivity leading to deep preferential groundwater flow circulations. We also reveal, unlike basaltic-type volcanic islands, that hydraulic conductivity increases with age in this andesitic-type volcanic island. This trend is interpreted as the consequence of tectonic fracturing associated to earthquakes in subduction zones associated to andesitic volcanic islands. Finally, our approach allows characterizing in detail the hydrogeological functioning and identifying the properties of the main aquifer and aquitard units, leading to the proposition of a hydrogeological conceptual model at the watershed scale. This working scale seems particularly suitable due to the complexity of edifices, with heterogeneous geological formations presenting high lateral and vertical variability. Moreover, our study offers new guidelines for accurate correlations between resistivity, geology and hydraulic conductivity for volcanic islands. Finally, our results will also help stakeholders toward a better management of water resource.
Estimation of the Antarctic surface mass balance using the regional climate model MAR (1979–2015) and identification of dominant processes
Authors: Agosta Cécile , Amory Charles , Kittel Christoph , Orsi Anais , Favier Vincent , Gallée Hubert , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Lenaerts Jan T. M. , van Wessem Jan Melchior , van de Berg Willem Jan , Fettweis Xavier
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The Antarctic ice sheet mass balance is a major component of the sea level
budget and results from the difference of two fluxes of a similar magnitude:
ice flow discharging in the ocean and net snow accumulation on the ice sheet
surface, i.e. the surface mass balance (SMB). Separately modelling ice
dynamics and SMB is the only way to project future trends.
In addition, mass balance studies frequently use regional climate models
(RCMs) outputs as an alternative to observed fields because SMB observations
are particularly scarce on the ice sheet. Here we evaluate new simulations of
the polar RCM MAR forced by three reanalyses, ERA-Interim, JRA-55, and MERRA-2,
for the period 1979–2015, and we compare MAR results to the last outputs of
the RCM RACMO2 forced by ERA-Interim. We show that MAR and RACMO2 perform
similarly well in simulating coast-to-plateau SMB gradients, and we find no
significant differences in their simulated SMB when integrated over the ice
sheet or its major basins. More importantly, we outline and quantify missing
or underestimated processes in both RCMs. Along stake transects, we show that
both models accumulate too much snow on crests, and not enough snow in
valleys, as a result of drifting snow transport fluxes not included in MAR
and probably underestimated in RACMO2 by a factor of 3. Our results tend
to confirm that drifting snow transport and sublimation fluxes are much
larger than previous model-based estimates and need to be better resolved and
constrained in climate models. Sublimation of precipitating particles in
low-level atmospheric layers is responsible for the significantly lower
snowfall rates in MAR than in RACMO2 in katabatic channels at the ice sheet
margins. Atmospheric sublimation in MAR represents 363 Gt yr−1 over the grounded ice sheet for the year 2015, which is 16 %
of the simulated snowfall loaded at the ground. This estimate is consistent
with a recent study based on precipitation radar observations and is more
than twice as much as simulated in RACMO2 because of different time
residence of precipitating particles in the atmosphere. The remaining spatial
differences in snowfall between MAR and RACMO2 are attributed to differences
in advection of precipitation with snowfall particles being likely advected too
far inland in MAR.
The influence of education level and job type on work-related travel patterns within rural metro-adjacent regions: The case of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
Authors: Mohino Inmaculada , Ureña José M. , Solís Eloy
Published: January 2019

Contemporary functional linkages and their relationships with the underlying settlement structure have been widely explored within polycentric urban configurations, but little attention has been paid to their adjacent rural regions. This paper examines the spatial patterns of commuting versus business travel in rural metro-adjacent regions to explain their reconfigured urban structures. These travel patterns are compared by considering workers’ education levels and occupations to investigate how rural metro-adjacent regions offer different opportunities for highly and non-highly skilled workers. Based on two surveys conducted by the authors in 2012, this work focuses on Castilla-La Mancha (CLM, Spain), a rural region under the influence of Madrid. The empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of considering different functional linkages when explaining the underlying urban network. In particular, the results reinforce the idea of consolidating the polycentric spatial organization of urban centers in CLM, although this concentration is greater for commuting travel purposes and for highly skilled professionals. Conversely, the openness of CLM to other Spanish regions (including the adjacent metropolitan region) is greater for business travel than for commuting. The results also illustrate that the level of engagement, both in commuting and in business travel, increases with education. Finally, the results show that business travel occurs over longer distances than commuting does for all workers residing in rural metro-adjacent regions, regardless of education.
Heterogeneity in the relationship between biking and the built environment
Authors: Salon Deborah , Conway Matthew Wigginton , Wang Kailai , Roth Nathaniel
Published: January 2019

Bicycling is an environmentally friendly, healthy, and affordable mode of transportation that is viable for short-distance trips. Urban planners, public health advocates, and others are therefore looking for strategies to promote more bicycling, including improvements to the built environment that make bicycling more attractive. This study presents an analysis of how key built environment characteristics relate to bicycling frequency based on a large sample from the 2012 California Household Travel Survey (California Department of Transportation, 2012) and detailed built environment data. The built environment characteristics we explore include residential and intersection density at anchor locations (home, work, school), green space, job access, land-use mix, and bicycle infrastructure availability. Analyses are conducted separately for three distinct demographic groups: school-age children, employed adults, and adults who are not employed. The key conclusion from this work is that the relationship between bicycling and some built environment characteristics varies between types of people — most dramatically between adults and children. To develop targeted policies with scarce resources, local policymakers need specific guidance as to which investments and policy changes will be most effective for creating “bikeable” neighborhoods. Our work indicates that the answer depends — at least in part — on who these bikeable neighborhoods are meant to serve.
Understanding autonomous vehicles: A systematic literature review on capability, impact, planning and policy
Authors: Faisal Asif , Yigitcanlar Tan , Kamruzzaman Md. , Currie Graham
Published: January 2019

Advancement in automated driving technology has created opportunities for smart urban mobility. Automated vehicles are now a popular topic with the rise of the smart city agenda. However, legislators, urban administrators, policymakers, and planners are unprepared to deal with the possible disruption of autonomous vehicles, which potentially could replace conventional transport. There is a lack of knowledge on how the new capabilities will disrupt and which policy strategies are needed to address such disruption. This paper aims to determine where we are, where we are headed, what the likely impacts of a wider uptake could be, and what needs to be done to generate desired smart urban mobility outcomes. The methodology includes a systematic review of the existing evidence base to understand capability, impact, planning, and policy issues associated with autonomous vehicles. The review reveals the trajectories of technological development, disruptive effects caused by such development, strategies to address the disruptions, and possible gaps in the literature. The paper develops a framework outlining the inter-links among driving forces, uptake factors, impacts and possible interventions. It concludes by advocating the necessity of preparing our cities for autonomous vehicles, although a wider uptake may take quite some time.
The Effect of Texting on Balance and Temporospatial Aspects of Gait
Authors: Goddard Emma C. , Remler Pierce T. , Roos Robert H. , Turchyn Robbie
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine effects of texting on standing balance and the temporospatial aspects ofgait. It was hypothesized that texting would decrease stride velocity and increase deviation from midline while walking, as well asincrease centre of pressure (CoP) excursions while standing. Fifteen participants (eleven males and four females, 21.12±1.25 yearsof age) performed two standing balance tasks and two walking tasks. A repeated measures experimental design was used. Thestanding task consisted of standing as still as possible on a force plate for 20 seconds, which was then repeated while theparticipant texted a standard text message (48 characters). The second task consisted of walking along a six metre straight linewhile being filmed posteriorly along the line of progression, and perpendicular to direction of motion. This task was completed againwhile texting a similar predetermined message (48 characters). Balance performance was quantified by the percentage of total timewithin a 5 mm radius of each participant’s centre of pressure (CoP). Gait quality was quantified using the average step length, stridevelocity, and mediolateral standard deviation from midline averaged from both feet. The percentage of time spent within 5 mm of theaverage CoP was significantly (p<0.05) less while texting compared to the non-texting control condition. Additionally, themediolateral standard deviation from the midline while walking increased significantly (p<0.05) in the texting condition. Average steplength and average stride velocity decreased significantly (p<0.05) while texting compared to the control condition. Standing balanceand temporospatial aspects of walking are significantly degraded by texting. These results are valuable due to the growingprevalence of mobile technology. These results suggest that texting and walking could be detrimental to pedestrian safety and canhelp inform decisions regarding infrastructure to minimize potential dangers associated with distracted walkers.
Evolutionary GEM: Crocodilian Vocalizations
Authors: Goldstein Rachel A. , Gray Patricia M.
Published: January 2019

The clade, Archosauria, encompasses crocodilians and birds. Both crocodilians and birds exhibit vocalizations to communicate a variety of behaviours including courtship, distress, and aggression. The similarity in vocalization behaviours of modern day Archosauria suggests that vocal communication may be a conserved behavioural trait also exhibited by ancient Archosauria.
POSIÇÕES SUBJETIVAS EM TEXTOS INFANTIS: EM BUSCA DO DESCOLAMENTO DO TEXTO BASE
Authors: Francisco Carla da Silva , Souza Sheila Perina
Published: January 2019

Inspirados nas pesquisas de Riolfi e Magalhães (2008)  e Riolfi e Costa (2011) que têm analisado marcas subjetivas em textos de crianças, neste trabalho buscaremos refletir acerca da presença da singularidade em textos de crianças a partir de uma proposta de produção.  Para isso analisaremos 40 textos, produzidos para Prova São Paulo de 2017, da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de SP, por crianças do 3º ano de duas escolas públicas da zona leste de São Paulo. As escolas apresentam níveis socioeconômicos distintos, apesar de poucas variações, de acordo com o Indicador de Nível Socioeconômico (INSE) do INEP. Utilizando-nos das modalizações agenciamento da singularidade de Riolfi e Magalhães (2008), como categorias de análise,  buscamos compreender como as crianças agenciam sua subjetividade de modo a se e descolarem do texto “esperado” nos diferentes contextos sociais em que suas escolas estão inseridas. A pesquisa nos revela que mesmo mediante propostas de produção prescritivas e das tentativas por padronizar as escritas infantis, as crianças, de distintos contextos, apresentam marcas de subjetividade em suas produções, porém, sem atingir o pleno descolamento, típico de um processo de separação (LACAN, 1993).
Organização Social de Educação em Goiás: incertezas e contradições
Authors: De Souza Fábio Araujo , Flores Maria Marta Lopes
Published: January 2019

Este artigo analisa o processo de implantação da gestão compartilhada entre uma Organização Social de Educação e a Secretaria de Estado de Educação, Cultura e Esporte, na rede estadual de ensino de Goiás. A partir de 2015 o governo estadual de Goiás iniciou o processo de implantação da gestão compartilhada na rede pública de ensino. Foram lançados seis editais de chamamento público para a implantação da gestão compartilhada. A tensão provocada por pesquisadores, movimentos sociais, sindicato e o Poder Judiciário tem evitado a implantação dessa parceria na rede pública de ensino.
A DIDÁTICA FREIRIANA NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES
Authors: BRANDT ANDRESSA GRAZIELE , MARTINI LUCAS
Published: January 2019

No presente trabalho analisa-se um processo de ensino-aprendizagem desenvolvido na formação inicial de professores fundamentada na Didática Freiriana. Partiu-se do seguinte questionamento de pesquisa: qual a contribuição da didática Freiriana para a formação inicial dos estudantes e futuros professores de Matemática? Deste modo, tece-se como objetivo geral: analisar a práxispedagógica desenvolvida por uma professora e os licenciandos de Matemática para compreender como os processos de ensino-aprendizagem fundamentados em conhecimentos teóricos e em práticas formativas colaborativas, dialógicas, críticas e libertadoras, propostos por meio da didática Freiriana aprimoram a formação inicial de professores. O aporte teórico está fundamentado em autores como: Candau (2018); Paulo Freire (1996; 2006); Kuenzer (2017), Libâneo (1994); Nóvoa (2017); Vázquez (1997); Zabala (1998), dentre outros. Essa pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, baseou-se no estudo bibliográfico, como técnicas e instrumentos de pesquisa: a observação participante e o questionário. Constatou-se que a didática Freiriana traz contributos significativos para os processos de formação inicial de professores de Matemática, pois desenvolve nos futuros professores o hábito da pesquisa, da crítica, do diálogo, pois a proposição de processos de ensino-aprendizagem por meio da concepção fundamentada no materialismo histórico e dialético desenvolve uma educação libertadora.
Variation of fruits morphometric parameters and bioactive compounds of Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal germplasm collection
Authors: Brindza Ján , Grygorieva Olga , Klymenko Svitlana , Vergun Olena , Mareček Ján , Ivanišová Eva
Published: January 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological parameters and bioactive compounds (antioxidant activity, total polyphenol, flavonoid, and phenolic acid content) of 6 genotypes of dry Asimina triloba (L.) fruit from Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra (Slovakia). Genotypes were obtained from the seeds that were sown in the year 2000. Their morphometric parameters were following: fruit weight from 59.00 to 241.19 g, fruit length from 50.14 to 140.11 mm, fruit diameter from 37.55 to 64.67 mm, number of fruits per cluster from 2 to 8, seed weight from 0.06 to 1.80 g, seed length from 16.33 to 29.11 mm, seed width from 9.56 to 18.33 mm, seed thickness from 4.98 to 9.75 mm, number of seeds in fruit from 4 to 16. The shape indexes of fruits were found ranging from 1.53 to 2.16. The variability of important is the average seeds weight from 7.40 to 35.61%, fruit weight from 14.84 to 32.95%, number of fruits per cluster from 18.21 to 32.54% and a number of seeds in fruit from 13.49 to 27.72%. The other characteristics are more or less stable. Total polyphenol content ranged from 22.13 to 37.36 mg GAE per g, total flavonoid content from 15.10 to 32.03 mg QE per g and phenolic acids content from 0.23 to 0.76 mg CAE per g. All tested samples exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activities with values from 2.84 to 7.04 mg TEAC per g. Antioxidant activity by molybdenum reducing antioxidant power method ranged from 97.25 to 275.41 mg TEAC per g of dry matter. Differences between the genotypes were significant in all observed parameters. This species is potential for propagation and practice used in the Slovak Republic.
Evaluating Information Security System Effectiveness for Risk Management, Control, and Corporate Governance
Authors: Sow Mouhamadou , Gehrke Christina
Published: January 2019

Using Grounded Theory, this study addresses factors related to forensic accounting, as well as various issues that can arise due to lack of security measures. The study identifies issues related to lack of security measures and cybersecurity crimes, and their impact on corporate-governance practices within organizations. This qualitative research study was phenomenological in nature and participants included a group of twelve employees in the field of forensic accounting, auditing, and information security systems across several organizations in the Southwest United States who were interviewed about cybersecurity and information security. Specific research literature provides a framework for this study, indicating the need for information technology that reinforces data safety and increases the effectiveness of corporate governance. The forensic accounting system depends on auditing and risk-control factors because in their absence, organizations may be unable to keep data confidential. Larger firms must adopt security measures that advanced technology provides within the accounting system to help develop fairness and transparency within the forensic accounting system. The study proposes means of increasing good corporate-governance practices and decreasing the risk in larger organizations using the latest technology.
Análisis de los residuales en el calculo de velocidades geocentricas a partir de series de tiempo diarias PPP
Authors: Moya Zamora Jorge , Bastos Gutiérrez Sara
Published: January 2019

El procesamiento de observaciones GNSS en línea ha venido en aumento en los útlimos años. Diferentes servicios como el ofrecido por el Canadian Space Reference System (CSRS), bajo la modalidad de Posicionamiento Puntal Preciso (PPP), brinda la posibilidad de conocer de una manera rápida y efectiva la posición tridimensional a partir de un archivo rinex. Aprovechando estos resultados, se procesaron archivos diarios por un periodo de 2,5 años y para 10 estaciones GNSS de Costa Rica integradas al Sistema de Referencia Geocéntrico para las Américas (SIRGAS). Las coordenadas geocéntricas derivadas del procesamiento PPP en línea, se consideraron como vectores de observaciones para la estimación de sus velocidades (Moya et al, 2017). No obstante, previamente se programó e implementó una prueba estadística denominada test de errores groseros (Pelzer, 1985) para la estimación de potenciales observaciones atípicas. Esta prueba es usada frecuentemente en el análisis de redes geodésicas (Knight et al, 2010), sin embargo, ahora se aplicó en el modelo lineal de cálculo de velocidades. El proceso de ajuste para el cálculo de las velociadades se hizo de manera iterativa por estación y por coordenada, excluyendo las observaciones groseras marcadas por el test en cada proceso. En promedio esta prueba detectó una serie de observaciones con residuos que variaron entre los -50 mm y los 40 mm en sus tres componentes. Finalmente con las velocidades depuradas de errores groseros se validaron respecto a la solución multianual SIR15P01 de SIRGAS, tomando como a la época de referencia 2017,0. Las diferencias promedio entre ambas determinaciones fueron de _15 mm.
Social Capital and Academic Research Performance: A Conceptual Model Proposal
Authors: Martín-Alcázar Fernando , Ruiz-Martinez Marta , Sánchez-Gardey Gonzalo
Published: January 2019

It is increasingly important for the academic community to know how social capital of research group members is building; higher levels of social capital could lead to researchers to have a higher number of publications and to improve the quality of these publications. Having a greater knowledge of the role of the different dimensions of social interactions in building internal and external social capital could help to improve the social capital of research groups. This paper offers a conceptual model in which the relationship between social capital embedded in research networks and the performance of researchers is established. To build the proposed model, this paper reviews of the major literature on social capital, drawing on previous theoretical approaches and the existing empirical evidence on the social capital construct and its effects.
Epidemiology of constipation in adults: Why estimates of prevalence differ
Authors: Werth Barry
Published: January 2019

This review of over 80 articles published in the last 30 years shows that estimates of the prevalence of chronic constipation in community-dwelling adults varied widely from 2.4% to 39.6% in general adult populations and from 4% to 25.8% in older adult populations. Estimates of the prevalence of any constipation (including both chronic and sporadic constipation) also varied widely from 2.6% to 31.0% in general adult populations and from 4.4% to 44.5% in older adult populations. Apart from any country or regional differences, this wide range of estimated prevalence may be attributed to different definitions used for both chronic and any constipation as well as different data collection methods and sampling differences. Sampling issues include sample size, representativeness and age range of populations sampled. Further research is required to examine the impact of different definitions on prevalence estimates to help determine the best definitions for use in future epidemiological studies. If standard definitions can be universally agreed and used, along with appropriate sampling and data collection methods, more precise estimates of constipation prevalence should be attained. This would allow more meaningful comparisons between countries and may also provide the ability to pool results.
Effects of carbachol on apoptosis in human chronic myelogenous leukemic K562 cell line
Authors: AYDIN Banu , TULUNAY Aysın , EKŞİOĞLU-DEMİRALP Emel , KAN Beki , CABADAK Hulya
Published: January 2019

Objectives: Muscarinic receptors mediate diverse actions ofacetylcholine in the central nervous system and in non-nervoustissues innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system.Our study aims to evaluate the potential association of theM3 muscarinic receptor with K562 cell proliferation and death.Materials and Methods: Cell proliferation was evaluatedby bromodeoxyuridine (BrDU) incorporation. To show early,late apoptosis and cell death, cells were labelled with AnnexinV, propidium iodide (PI) and analyzed by flow cytometry. Nuclearextracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK/pERK) expressionwas measured by western blot analysis.Results: Treatment with carbachol (CCh) for 48h decreased cellnumber. Exposing K562 cells to CCh for 24h decreased the number ofearly apoptotic cells but did not change the number of late apoptotic andnecrotic cells. CCh treatment for 48h increased the number of necroticcells, but decreased the number of early and late apoptotic cells. Inresponse to CCh, nuclear ERK expression was increased and this effectwas reversed by 1,1-dimethyl-4-diphenylacetoxypiperidinium iodide(4DAMP). Nuclear pERK expression was decreased in CCh treatedcells, 4DAMP did not reverse the effect.Conclusion: Our data suggest that cholinergic agonist CChaffects cell proliferation in K562 cells not only through muscarinicreceptors but also through other cholinergic receptors.
Negative Ion Formation in Low-Energy Electron Collisions with the Actinide Atoms Th, Pa, U, Np and Pu
Authors: Felfli Zineb , Msezane Alfred Z.
Published: January 2019

Here we investigate ground and metastable negative ion formation in low-energy electron collisions with the actinide atoms Th, Pa, U, Np and Pu through the elastic total cross sections (TCSs) calculations. For these atoms, the presence of two or more open d- and f- subshell electrons presents a formidable computational task for conventional theoretical methods, making it difficult to interpret the calculated results. Our robust Regge pole methodology which embeds the crucial electron correlations and the vital core-polarization interaction is used for the calculations. These are the major physical effects mostly responsible for stable negative ion formation in low-energy electron scattering from complex heavy systems. We find that the TCSs are characterized generally by Ramsauer-Townsend minima, shape resonances and dramatically sharp resonances manifesting ground and metastable negative ion formation during the collisions. The extracted from the ground states TCSs anionic binding energies (BEs) are found to be 3.09eV, 2.98eV, 3.03eV, 3.06eV and 3.25eV for Th, Pa, U, Np and Pu, respectively. Interestingly, an additional polarization-induced metastable TCS with anionic BE value of 1.22eV is generated in Pu due to the size effect. We also found that our excited states anionic BEs for several of these atoms compare well with the existing theoretical electron affinities including those calculated using the relativistic configuration-interaction method. We conclude that the existing theoretical calculations tend to identify incorrectly the BEs of the resultant excited anionic states with the electron affinities of the investigated actinide atoms; this demonstrates the great need for experimental verification and unambiguous determination of their electron affinities.
Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme (rGBM) with Antineoplaston AS2-1 in Combination with Targeted Therapy
Authors: Burzynski Stanislaw R. , Janicki Tomasz , Beenken Samuel
Published: January 2019

Treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (rGBM) poses a difficult challenge. Therefore, the purpose of this report was to evaluate objective response (OR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and the incidence of adverse events (AEs) in rGBM patients, age 19-70 years, who were treated with antineoplaston AS2-1 (Astugenal) plus targeted therapy. A retrospective analysis was performed. Tumor response was assessed by gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Twenty-nine adult rGBM patients were treated between 9/11/2015 and 06/23/2018. Seven had no prior treatment with bevacizumab elsewhere, had radiologic evidence of rGBM, and had MRI assessment of tumor response. The median treatment time was 101 days (range: 55-208 days). OR was seen in six patients (85.7%) with complete disappearance of gadolinium enhancement in four patients (57.1%) and a 50% or greater reduction in gadolinium enhancement in two patients (28.6%). Progressive disease was seen in one patient (14.3%). The median time to first response was 29 days (range: 22-96 days) while the median duration of response was 141 days (range 55-739+ days). Six- and 12-month PFS was 57% and 19%, respectively while 6- and 12-month OS at was 86% and 54%, respectively. Treatment was well-tolerated with no patients experiencing grade 3 or 4 antineoplaston-related toxicity. Regarding response to treatment and toxicity, AS2-1 plus targeted therapy compares favorably with other reported rGBM therapies. Duration of response was shortened by the ill-advised decision of some patients to discontinue treatment after a tumor response was achieved.

 
A Linguistic Analysis of the Politeness Strategies Used in Doctor-Patient Discourse
Authors: Lodhi Muhammad Arfan , Naz Farah , Yousaf Sumaira , Ibrar Syeda Nimra
Published: January 2019

Effective and well-organized communication between the doctors and patients plays a fundamental clinical role and results patient’s early healing of body and mind. Most of the patients’ annoyance and complaints are observed due to the communication gap found in the doctors-patients discourse. This research study was carried out to locate whether divergences occur or not in the utilization and integration of politeness strategies used in medical discourse. The aim of the study is to discover and highlight the communication gap between doctors and patients. In this ethno-linguistic exploratory study, both quantitative and qualitative data were obtained to find answers of the formulated research questions. Findings reveal that majority of the doctors unduly focus on exhibiting power and dominance over patients in their talks made with them. It was also found that doctors mostly use the strategy of ‘Bald on Record’ with both male and female patients; and wide majority of patients showed dissatisfaction with doctors’ conversation during diagnosing, treatment and follow-up visits. It is recommended that doctors should be made liable to execute good politeness and ethical strategies while communicating with patients for medical purposes.
Local Government Debt, Financing Platform and Fiscal Risk
Authors: Ying Wang , Wenjie Pan
Published: January 2019

The excessive expansion of local financing platform as a substantive medium for local government borrowing has aggravated local government financial risks, which may induce systemic financial risks. Based on the current debt situation of the central and provincial governments, this paper uses different measurement models to calculate debt balance and default risks of the financing platforms. The results show that nearly one-third of the provinces may have potential financial risks, therefore the central government and local governments should work together and keep four kinds of balances in order to prevent and defuse risks.