bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fungsi Adverbial Bahasa Melayu Manado
Authors: Nurdin Anas Yuliadi
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the structure of adverbialin Malay Manado. The data collection method using the method followed by thetechnique refer to note. This study is a library that makes the writings of ManadoMalay language as the main data is supported by the method of introspection toget valid data. In this study adverbial structures tested by testersinterrogative sentence and adverbial placement in the sentence structure. The adverbial structures Manado Malay language consists of words, phrases, and clauses.Key words: the adverbial, structures, Manado Malay language.
Penerapan Pendekatan Kontruktivisme dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMP Negeri I Remboken
Authors: Pelealu Femmy Tresje
Published: September 2019

This study is conducted in order to describe the development model ofconstructivistic teaching in Indonesian language for the sake of maximizing thestudents’ attitude in critical thinking. Operationally this study is done inorder to describe the concept and strategy model and the materials of constructivisticIndonesian language teaching developed by the teachers in SMP Negeri 1 Rembokenfor the sake of maximizing the students’ attitude in critical thinking. TheIndonesian language teachers’ concept on the planning and the conduction ofconstructivistic teaching related to what Indonesian language teaching is, howthe textbook and the materials are used, the purpose of Indonesian languageteaching is, the role of the teacher, the role of the students in the teachingand learning process, the use of teaching methods and media, and the procedureof the conduction of constructivistic Indonesian language teaching and learningprocess in the classroom, was not done by the teachers when they were observed.Their constructivistic teaching attitude is very minimal.
KALA DALAM BAHASA MELAYU MANADO
Authors: Pattipeluhu John A. , Kalangi Leika Maria Victoria
Published: September 2019

This research aims to understand and to describe the process and rules of thetenses form in Manado Malay language. This research is conducted in Manadowhich is almost all the civilians use Manado Malay language as their dailycommunication.This Research uses qualitative descriptive method and structural linguisticsmethod as an approaching to do this research.The data collecting was in terms ofrecording and interviewing with informan and analyzed by Miles and Hubermanmodel of data analysis such as data reduction, data display and data conclusion.The result shows that there are three forms of tenses in Manado Malay languages.Those are present, past and future. The present tense is form by a prefix ba- whichis bound to a verb; past tense is formed by a partikel so and followed by a verband; future tense is formed by partikel mo and followed by a verb.Keywords: tenses, process, Manado-Malay, language
KALIMAT TANYA DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Pandean Mariam L.M.
Published: September 2019

Interrogative sentence is one kind of sentences in Indonesian, which formed as proposition that required answer from hearer. It also called as requesting question. The difference will be recognized from sentence classification perspective. In defining interrogative sentence, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics can be used as the classification tool (Leech, 1981). From syntactic point of view, there are two kinds of interrogative sentence; 1) informative interrogative sentence and 2) confirmative interrogative sentence. Informative interrogative sentence has information request toward one of the element the proposition maker. In this context, proposition maker element can fill one of the syntactic function slot in sentence as function of predicate, object, and complement. But confirmative interrogative sentence requires for distinction of a proposition. Practically, the form is yes or no question. Syntactically, interrogative in Indonesian can be recognized from the question word used. There are many varieties of this type. However, only two elements serve as the basis of interrogative sentence; they are what and where. The derivation of the word apa are who, why, when, how much or how many, and if; the derivation of the word mana are where, where to, from where, how, and when. Semantically, interrogative sentence can be identified from its semantic role of the word that filled the syntactic slot; they are function of predicate, object and complement. In subject function, interrogative sentence can explain the meaning of a deed, time, agent, amount, existence and identity. In object function, it can explain meaning of the target, object, and tool. In semantic role, it can explain the meaning of place, time, member, tool, meaning, cause and target.Keyword: Interrogative sentence, Indonesian language, kind of interrogative sentence
Meningkatkan Nilai Matematika Dengan Penerapan Metode Drill Pada Materi Keliling Dan Luas Segitiga Bagi Siswa Kelas Vii Smp Negeri 24 Kabupaten Sorong Tahun 2016
Authors: Najib Muhammad
Published: September 2019

Tujuan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini adalah untuk meningkatkan nilai matematika melalui penerapan pembelajaran metode drill dengan subyek penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII  dengan siswa sebanyak 12 orang, terdiri dari 5 orang laki-laki dan 7 orang perempuan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 2 siklus, yang masing-masing dilaksanakan selama empat kali pertemuan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Observasi dan Tes Akhir Siklus. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil belajar matematika meningkat setelah dilakukan pembelajaran dengan metode drill selama dua siklus dengan hasil sebagai berikut: (1) Sebelum pembelajaran dengan metode drill diterapkan berada dalam kategori rendah dengan nilai rata-rata 47,75 dari nilai tertinggi 50 dan nilai terendah 42. (2) Setelah  pembelajaran dengan metode drill diterapkan pada Siklus I berada dalam kategori sedang dengan nilai rata-rata 55,88 dari nilai tertinggi 60 dan nilai terendah 44. (3). Setelah pembelajaran dengan metode drill dilaksanakan pada Siklus II berada dalam kategori tinggi  dengan nilai rata-rata 68,50 dari nilai tertinggi 78 dan nilai terendah 55.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kesiapan Kerja Pada Siswa SMK Negeri 1 Sinjai
Authors: Ihsan Muhammad
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana hasil dari faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesiapan kerja siswa SMK Negeri 1 Sinjai, 2) Untuk mengetahui hasil presentasi  dari analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesiapan kerja pada siswa SMK Negeri 1 Sinjai, 3) Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa sajakah yang mempengaruhi penerimaan kesiapan kerja siswa SMK Negeri 1 Sinjai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas 3 SMK Negeri 1 Sinjai sejumlah 341 siswa dan sampel sebanyak 200 siswa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pendekatan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), yaitu SEM berbasis covariance. Berdasarkan hasil dari analisis data yang dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa: 1) Pengujian variabel-variabel pada model I-E-O, yang berpengaruh pada kesiapan kerja siswa SMK Negeri 1 Sinjai, dengan menggunakan pendekatan SEM, disimpulkan model fit dengan data yang ada. 2) Faktor kemampuan memiliki nilai koefisien sebesar 5,537437. Faktor kemampuan merupakan faktor terkuat yang mempengaruhi kesiapan kerja pada siswa SMK Negeri 1 Sinjai. Faktor ini terdiri atas prestasi belajar, tingkat intelegensi, pengalaman praktek, kedisiplinan, ekspektansi masuk dunia kerja, bakat. 3) Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesiapan kerja siswa SMK Negeri 1 Sinjai, dipengaruhi oleh faktor kemampuan, faktor akademis, faktor prilaku dan potensi diri, faktor bawaan/warisan.
Pemanfaatan Metode Jigsaw Untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Menangani Administrasi Keuangan Bagi Kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran 1 Di SMK Negeri 1 Kota Sorong Tahun 2017
Authors: Kistana Kistana
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Menangani Administrasi Keuangan bagi siswaKelasXI Administrasi Perkantoran 1 diSMK Negeri 1 Kota Sorong melalui pemanfaatan Metode Jigsaw. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research) yang dilakukan secara kolaboratif antara peneliti dengan guru kolaborator. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari empat komponen yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Analisis data dilakukan dalam 3 tahap yaitu reduksi, penyajian data serta menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (a) pemanfaatan Metode Jigsaw dapat meningkatkan partisipasi belajar siswa.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Materi HAM Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning Bagi Siswa Kelas VII A SMP PGRI Salawati Pada Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018
Authors: Way Milka
Published: September 2019

Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan merupakan mata pelajaran yang memfokuskan pada pembentukan warga negara yang memahami dan mampu melaksanakan hak-hak dan kewajibannya untuk menjadi warga negara yang baik, cerdas, terampil, dan berkarakter seperti yang diamanatkan oleh Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran problem based learning berlangsung secara alamiah dalam bentuk kegiatan siswa bekerja dan mengalami, menemukan dan mendiskusikan masalah serta mencari pemecahan masalah, bukan transfer pengetahuan dari guru ke siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan peserta didik yang tuntas pembelajaran, dari prasiklus sebanyak 6 orang (25%) mejadi 15 siswa tuntas pada siklus I (62,5%) dan pada siklus II sebanyak 21 siswa (87,5%), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan problem based learning dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn)  pada materi HAM dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar bagi siswa kelas VII-A SMP PGRI Salawati tahun pelajaran 2017/2018.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Berbasis Kompetensi Pada Praktikum Pemrograman Web Di SMK
Authors: Haryati Haryati
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen penilaian berbasis kompetensi pada praktikum pemrograman web di SMK yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan R&D dengan model pengembangan instrumen mengacu pada strategi pengembangan kisi-kisi instrumen penilaian berbasis kompetensi menurut Djemari Mardapi. Data berupa data kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang diperoleh melalui angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistic deskriptif dan uji reliabilitas menggunakan alpha cronbach dengan bantuan SPSS. Subjek penelitian adalah guru mata pelajaran pemrograman web dan peserta didik kelas X TKJ SMK Negeri 4 Makassar sebanyak 30 orang masing-masing 10 orang untuk uji coba skala kecil dan 20 orang untuk uji coba skala besar. Instrumen penilaian yang telah dikembangkan divalidasi oleh pakar dan direvisi sesuai saran dari pakar. Hasil penelitian berupa produk instrumen penilaian berbasis kompetensi pada praktikum permograman web yang berupa tes berbasis kompetensi praktik, rubric penilaian kompetensi praktik dan rubrik penilaian aspek afektif. Hasil pengembangan memenuhi tuntutan validitas, berdasarkan penilaian pakar yang dianalisis menggunakan koefesien indeks Aiken. Hasil belajar peserta didik yang melampaui KKM menunjukkan bahwa produk yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria efektif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan instrumen penilaian berbasis kompetensi pada praktikum pemrograman web di SMK valid, praktis, dan efektif.
Pembelajaran CTL Sebagai Strategi Peningkatan General Life Skill Khususnya Kecakapan Berpikir Rasional Dan Kecakapan Berpikir Sosial
Authors: Lempang Hermin
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang meliputi tiga siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas empat tahap, yaitu 1) perencanaan, 2) tindakan, 3) pengamatan, dan 4) refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 9 Kabupaten Sorong dengan penerapan pembelajaran kontekstual (Contextual Teaching and Learning). Dengan penerapan CTL adalah pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kecakapan berpikir rasional dan kecakapan sosial siswa. Data kemajuan hasil tindakan diperoleh dari angket kecakapan berpikir rasional kecakapan sosial, lembar observasi KBM, observasi tanya jawab wawancara, learning logs, jurnal guru, dan hasil ulangan.  Hasil tindakan menunjukkan pada tiap-tiap siklus kecakapan berpikir rasional dan kecakapan sosial meningkat.  Kecakapan berpikir rasional dan kecakapan sosial siswa pada kondisi awal sebesar 10%, dan 10% sedangkan pada akhir penelitian mencapai 80% dan 90%.  Total pencapaian kecakapan berpikir rasional dan kecakapan berpikir sosial pada akhir penelitian sebesar 85% melampaui batas perkiraan yaitu sebesar 75%, dengan demikian pembelajaran CTL teruji yaitu dapat meningkatkan general life skill pada kecakapan berpikir rasional dan kecakapan berpikir sosial.  Respon siswa secara kualitatif menyenangkan dan materi mudah dipahami.  Hasil ketuntasan belajar meningkat dari 25% menjadi 90% sedangkan kinerja guru juga meningkat dari 75% menjadi 95%.
Kemampuan Penyelesaian Soal Open Ended Berbasis Problem Solving Matematika Siswa Kelas VII SMP Muhammadiyah Aimas Kabupaten Sorong
Authors: Syamsulrizal Syamsulrizal , Aruan Nia Sugiarti
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal open-ended berbasis problem solving. Motode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kulitatif dengan subjek siswa kelas VII SMP Muhammadiyah Aimas Kabupaten Sorong yang di kelompokkan berdasarkan tingkat kemampuan yaitu dua orang siswa berkemampuan rendah, dua orang siswa berkemampuan sedang dan dua orang siswa berkemampuan tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Tahap memahami masalah untuk kelomopok kemampuan Tinggi termasuk kategori baik mencapai 100%, kategori kelompok kemampuan Sedang termasuk kategori baik mencapai 75%, dan kelompok kemampuan  Rendah juga termasuk dalam kategori baik mencapai 75%. Tahap menyusun rencana pemecahan masalah untuk kelomopok kemampuan Tinggi termasuk kategori baik 100%, kategori kelompok kemampuan  Sedang termasuk kategori cukup 50%, dan kelompok kemampuan  Rendah juga termasuk dalam kategori cukup 58,3%. Tahap melaksanakan rencana pemecahan masalah kelomopok kemampuan Tinggi (T1,T2) termasuk kategori baik 100%, kategori kelompok kemampuan  Sedang termasuk kategori cukup 54,2%, dan kelompok kemampuan  Rendah  juga termasuk dalam kategori cukup 58,3%. Tahap mengecek kembali. Kategori kelomopok kemampuan Tinggi  dalam mengecek kembali termasuk kategori baik 100%, kategori kelompok kemampuan  Sedang (S1, S2)  termasuk kategori kurang 33,3%, dan kelompok kemampuan  Rendah juga termasuk dalam kategori kurang 33,3%.
Levels of Carbon Monoxide Expiratory Air on Shisha Users and the Factors Affecting
Authors: Wiratmoko Mirsyam Ratri , Adhalia Chandrika Karis
Published: September 2019

Background: Shisha is one method of consuming tobacco similar to cigarette but in a different form. Lately it became a trend in Indonesian people, especially teenagers, without knowing any hazards contained in shisha which could cause cancer or even death. Lack of study about shisha in Indonesia was the main reason to do this study so further impact of shisha could be understood.

Methodology: This study was analytical observational with cross sectional design. Data of this study was obtained from examination using CO analyzer and from questionnaire filling by respondents from the shisha Bogor community and smokers in Bogor.

Results: Among 60 samples we obtained mean expiratory air CO levels of 8,62 ppm for smokers and 20,67 ppm for shisha users. There were also a significant correlation between shisha consumption duration per times and CO expiratory air levels, with P-value of 0,004 and odds ratio 12,52.

Conclusion: Expiratory air CO levels in shisha users were higher than smokers, also there were a significant correlation between shisha

consumption duration per times and the increasing levels of expiratory air CO. (J Respir Indo 2019; 39(1))
A Diffusive Shock Acceleration Model for Protons in Weak Quasi-parallel Intracluster Shocks
Authors: Ryu Dongsu , Kang Hyesung , Ha Ji-Hoon
Published: September 2019

Low sonic Mach number shocks form in the intracluster medium (ICM) during the formation of the large-scale structure of the universe. Nonthermal cosmic-ray (CR) protons are expected to be accelerated via diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) in those ICM shocks, although observational evidence for the γ-ray emission of hadronic origin from galaxy clusters has yet to be established. Considering the results obtained from recent plasma simulations, we improve the analytic test-particle DSA model for weak quasi-parallel (

) shocks, previously suggested by Kang & Ryu. In the model CR spectrum, the transition from the postshock thermal to CR populations occurs at the injection momentum, p
inj, above which protons can undergo the full DSA process. As the shock energy is transferred to CR protons, the postshock gas temperature should decrease accordingly and the subshock strength weakens due to the dynamical feed of the CR pressure to the shock structure. This results in the reduction of the injection fraction, although the postshock CR pressure approaches an asymptotic value when the CR spectrum extends to the relativistic regime. Our new DSA model self-consistently accounts for such behaviors and adopts better estimations for p
inj. With our model DSA spectrum, the CR acceleration efficiency ranges from η ∼ 10−3–0.01 for supercritical,

-shocks with sonic Mach number 2.25 ≲ M
s ≲ 5 in the ICM. Based on Ha et al., on the other hand, we argue that proton acceleration would be negligible in subcritical shocks with M
s < 2.25.
Modeling Mg II During Solar Flares. I. Partial Frequency Redistribution, Opacity, and Coronal Irradiation
Authors: Kerr Graham S. , Allred Joel C. , Carlsson Mats
Published: September 2019

The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph has routinely observed the flaring Mg ii near-ultraviolet (NUV) spectrum, offering excellent diagnostic potential and a window into the location of energy deposition. A number of studies have forward-modeled both the general properties of these lines and specific flare observations. Generally these have forward-modeled radiation via post-processing of snapshots from hydrodynamic flare simulations through radiation transfer codes. There has, however, not been a study of how the physics included in these radiation transport codes affects the solution. A baseline setup for forward-modeling Mg ii in flares is presented and contrasted with approaches that add or remove complexity. It is shown for Mg ii that (1) partial frequency distribution (PRD) is still required during flare simulations despite the increased densities; (2) using full angle-dependent PRD affects the solution but takes significantly longer to process a snapshot; (3) including Mg i in non-LTE (NLTE) results in negligible differences to the Mg ii lines but does affect the NUV quasi-continuum; (4) only hydrogen and Mg ii need to be included in NLTE; (5) ideally the nonequilibrium hydrogen populations, with nonthermal collisional rates, should be used rather than the statistical equilibrium populations; (6) an atom consisting of only the ground state, h and k upper levels, and continuum level is insufficient to model the resonance lines; and (7) irradiation from a hot, dense flaring transition region can affect the formation of Mg ii. We discuss modifications to the RH code allowing straightforward inclusion of the transition region and coronal irradiation in flares.
The role of neo-colonialism in the Evolution of Security Situation in Afghanistan
Authors: Havlík Martin
Published: September 2019

The main goal of this article is to depict the role of postcolonial theory of neo-colonialism in the development of the security situation in Afghanistan. The introductory part is devoted to defining the postcolonial approach. This part is followed by a definition of neo-colonialism as a modern form of continuation of colonialism. The next part is focused on the role of neo-colonialism itself in Afghanistan, in relation to the influence and interests of the USA. In addition, the paper outlines the main security implications as well as the distortions of Afghanistan's regional actors (Pakistan and India) as a result of US engagement in the region. The final part summarizes the essential information in the context of the theoretical requirements and signs of neo-colonialism in relation to the activities of the US and other state actors in Afghanistan and the region.
Unifying the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina - mission completed?
Authors: Stojarová Věra
Published: September 2019

The Armed Forces of BiH were officially unified in 2005 and are composed of two founding armies: the Bosniak-Croat Army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Bosnian Serb Army of Republika Srpska. Even though the unified armed forces celebrated their 13th anniversary in December 2018 and are presented as a success story, the political environment in Bosnia and Herzegovina, particularly in Republika Srpska, does not foster a sense of unity in the armed forces. The paper explores the vulnerabilities that the unified armed forces face, particularly in relation to the process of state building in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The text concludes, that the main concerns for the BiH armed forces include the old equipment, the economic problems of the country and budget constraints, politicisation and ethnicisation - while ongoing nationalism and the unsure future of BiH remain the greatest external challenges.
Quantifying the potential impact of the European wasp (Vespula germanica) on ecosystem services in Western Australia
Authors: Cook David C.
Published: September 2019

This paper estimates the ecosystem services return on investment in government control of the introduced European wasp (Vespula germanica) in the state of Western Australia. The predictive model used accounts for uncertainties in the spread and impact ofV. germanicaon provisioning ecosystem services, represented by pollination, apiculture and viticulture, and cultural ecosystem services represented by households. Results produced by simulating a 20-year period suggest government expenditure on management will generate net benefits of AU$3.2–6.3 million per year, most of which will accrue to producers of pollination-dependent crops. This provides justification for investment from the government’s agriculture portfolio to manage an insect often thought of as an urban pest.
Le parlementaire André Diligent. Député, sénateur et député européen
Authors: Bellon Christophe
Published: September 2019

Issu de la démocratie d’inspiration chrétienne, André Diligent est influencé par la culture politique de son milieu familial, celle de son père Victor, militant du Sillon et du Parti démocrate populaire. Formé à l’Institut catholique de Lille, devenu à son tour avocat, il vient à la vie politique à la suite de son expérience de la Résistance. Député du Nord (1958-1962), puis sénateur du Nord (1965-1974, 1983-2001), un temps député européen (1979-1984), André Diligent devient un parlementaire de grande expérience, rapidement expert dans les questions relevant des médias – à l’image de la ORTF – et très investi dans les deux Chambres qu’il fréquente trente et un ans durant. Ce législateur respecté et redouté, élu maire de Roubaix en 1983, a su aussi diversifier ses interventions à la tribune du Sénat, notamment au cours de son deuxième et son troisième mandats à la Chambre haute. Les questions sociales, notamment celles qui concernent la politique de la ville, mobilisent cet humaniste populaire, ce « primitif flamand », qui sut conjuguer ancrage local et carrière parlementaire.
Tentatives de réinvention d’une géographie sacrée de l’isthme lors de la création du canal de Suez (1855-1870)
Authors: Lançon Daniel
Published: September 2019

S’appuyant sur les discours des acteurs en présence et leur réception dans une presse française partisane, l’étude montre comment, tout en cherchant à se réapproprier la geste biblique et chrétienne et à l’associer à une entreprise technologique et commerciale, Ferdinand de Lesseps obtient l’assentiment des autorités musulmanes. Il plaide la facilité d’accès à La Mecque pour les pèlerins, s’occupe de restaurer des hauts-lieux, de faire construire des mosquées et de favoriser le culte tout en associant dignitaires musulmans et chrétiens aux bénédictions des travaux et aux fêtes de l’ouverture du canal. Cependant, cette entreprise fait naître une géographie mondialisée de l’isthme, ni conservatoire de l’histoire sainte, ni terre de mission catholique, ni nouvel espace islamique oriental pourtant revendiqué, mais zone de conflits politiques.
Les circonvolutions d’une réclame : George Sand, La Presse et la faïence
Authors: Corbillé Sophie , Fantin Emmanuelle
Published: September 2019

Cet article trouve son origine dans une opportunité de recherche relativement rare : la mention épistolaire explicite par George Sand d’une « réclame » qu’elle souhaite voir apparaître rapidement dans La Presse, journal phare d’Émile de Girardin. Publié le 5 juillet 1855, sous le titre « Les maïoliques florentines et Giovanni Freppa », le texte connaît une destinée incroyable, marquée par des duplications de sa publication sous diverses formes pendant les vingt années qui suivent, et pose tout à la fois la question de la généricité des textes médiatiques, littéraires et publicitaires au xix e  siècle, de leurs circulations et de leurs régimes d’existence. Si l’étude de la situation communicationnelle de départ – dévoilée par la correspondance entre Sand et Girardin – permet de déterminer la généalogie du texte qui a occasionné sa première publication, elle aiguille surtout l’analyse vers la complexité qui entoure le genre médiatique de la réclame. Il s’agit par ailleurs de comprendre les transactions autour de cet objet médiatique, tout en prenant aussi au sérieux l’« objet réclamé », la faïence, qui, loin d’être banal et anodin, peut, au contraire, être considéré comme l’un des objets emblématiques de la civilisation marchande et industrielle en pleine éclosion au milieu du siècle.
L’échappée belle du roman graphique dans l’édition française
Authors: Delorme Isabelle
Published: September 2019

Le roman graphique francophone s’est développé depuis les années 2000, jusqu’à devenir un genre éditorial reconnu, exporté à l’échelle mondiale et porté par des best-sellers comme Persepolis ou L’arabe du futur . Bien que la définition du roman graphique reste difficile à établir, le genre s’est progressivement imposé dans la bande dessinée en France et dans l’espace européen. Cet article décrit ce processus, résultant de l’action non concertée d’acteurs appartenant à la filière du livre et l’alignement progressif de leurs intérêts parfois divergents. Les auteurs, initiateurs du processus, ont été suivis par des éditeurs motivés par la dimension créative des albums ou par la conquête d’une nouvelle niche éditoriale. Les médias, les librairies et les bibliothèques ont accompagné ce mouvement.
Endowments, Exclusion, and Exchange
Authors: Balbuzanov Ivan , Kotowski Maciej H.
Published: September 2019

We propose a new solution for discrete exchange economies and resource‐allocation problems, the exclusion core. The exclusion core rests upon a foundational idea in the legal understanding of property, the right to exclude others. By reinterpreting endowments as a distribution of exclusion rights, rather than as bundles of goods, our analysis extends to economies with qualified property rights, joint ownership, and social hierarchies. The exclusion core is characterized by a generalized top trading cycle algorithm in a large class of economies, including those featuring private, public, and mixed ownership. It is neither weaker nor stronger than the strong core.
Valuing Peace: The Effects of Financial Market Exposure on Votes and Political Attitudes
Authors: Jha Saumitra , Shayo Moses
Published: September 2019

Can participation in financial markets lead individuals to reevaluate the costs of conflict, change their political attitudes, and even their votes? Prior to the 2015 Israeli elections, we randomly assigned Palestinian and Israeli financial assets to likely voters and incentivized them to actively trade for up to 7 weeks. No political messages or nonfinancial information were included. The treatment systematically shifted vote choices toward parties more supportive of the peace process. This effect is not due to a direct material incentive to vote a particular way. Rather, the treatment reduces opposition to concessions for peace and changes awareness of the broader economic risks of conflict. While participants who were assigned Palestinian assets are more likely to associate their assets' performance with peace, they are less engaged in the experiment. Combined with the superior performance of Israeli stocks during the study period, the ultimate effects of Israeli and Palestinian assets are similar.
Be All In
Authors: Capel Julian W. , Hopkins Naadiya C.
Published: September 2019

Doctoral programs can be intimidating, and despite the rumors and expectations, potential candidates will never know what the process is until he/she begins his/her journey because the journey is different for each individual. This chapter addresses the lived experiences of how one can finish a doctoral program by combining the correct amount of focus, attitude, and grit. Existing research about completing doctoral programs tend to focus on finding out how completing a program is based on theoretical frameworks, conceptual frameworks, literature reviews, discipline-specific methodological designs, and data analyses. However, there may be limited evidence that researchers who have been recent graduates are currently persisting candidates have approached the issue of starting and completing a program. Consequently, this chapter purports through the lived experiences of a recent completer to problematize the intent of building a cohesive understanding of the four quarters of the relationships that can exist between players make up the team needed to “be all in” the doctoral process.
Health Promotion and Wellness in Aging
Authors: Faria Maria Cristina Campos de Sousa
Published: September 2019

The older population is growing and living longer than ever. That is why we must create more and more services suitable for this age group, so that it can grow old with quality of life. In order to better understand their needs and the type of intervention which can be implemented in the community to protect the health and wellbeing in this age group, from the age of 65, the authors have sought to identify and understand the synergies they can establish between health promotion and wellness in aging. To take this task forward, they focused their attention on five axes: principles of health promotion, social representations of aging, the focus on gender in the analysis of aging and health, empowering and wellbeing of older adults, and healthy aging in place. In this work they start from a bio-psycho-social-environmental view of aging and present the contributions of the psychological view for promoting health in aging. At the end, a reflexive synthesis will be carried out on the topics covered and suggestions will be presented to improve the health and wellbeing of aging in place.
Loneliness Among Rural Elderly
Authors: Jiménez Borja Rivero , Perales Nuria María García , Caballero David Conde , González Beatriz Muñoz , García Julián F. Calderón , Juarez Lorenzo Mariano
Published: September 2019

Population aging is a great challenge for modern societies at the future and is a central issue in the development of public policies. In Spain, in rural regions, the demographic problem of aging must be added to the problem of migration. In this context, a direct consequence of the union of aging and depopulation appears: loneliness of the elderly rural populations. Several studies indicate that loneliness has a significant association with increased use of medical services. These medical analyses need to be complemented with conceptualizations that integrate them into broader views that analyze structural causes and consequences. This text reviews the types of measurement scales proposed by the academy and lists some of the campaigns carried out by the administrations. The authors will attempt to take a critical approach, analyzing how individualized and medicalized visions of loneliness have been led.
Design of a Contact Assistive Robot for the Disabled, Elderly, and Infirm People
Authors: Mushiri Tawanda , Mombeyarara Panashe Adrian , Marisa Thanks
Published: September 2019

The use of a wheelchair for normal routines or rehabilitation has various physiological and psychological implications. The use of contact assistive robots in developing countries is limited mainly due to their expensive nature. The benefits of exoskeleton use include health improvement, increased self-dependency, and self-sustenance. The chapter offers a solution through the design of a cheap contact assistive robot for the disabled. The design procedure includes the integration of acquired knowledge on gait training and existing exoskeletons acquired from intense research, visits to rehabilitation centers, and use of computer-aided software for design and simulations. A fully functioning scaled prototype was made that demonstrated the operating principle of the actual design. The design provides a successful baseline for further development of exoskeletons suitable and cheaper for developing countries with an initial estimated total material cost of USD$9000.
Learning to Live with Chronic Disease
Authors: Gomes Lisa Alves , Reis Gorete
Published: September 2019

Cardiovascular diseases are chronic diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. The high number of hospital admissions for coronary artery disease and the low adherence to cardiac rehabilitation programs constitute an opportunity for nurses to develop educational interventions aimed at health promotion, health literacy, empowerment, and accountability of the patient's abilities for an effective self-care. Nurses need to understand chronic patient's priorities and implement patient-centered care considering that caring for patients with chronic disease requires interventions focused on individual human responses. Therefore, the intention of this chapter is to provide an overview of the impact of educational nursing interventions on health literacy and patient empowerment as a method to improve self-care skills that are necessary for dealing with chronic disease.
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Elderly Population of Alentejo
Authors: Marques Maria do Céu Mendes Pinto , Vaz Ana Filipa Pereira , Leite Ana Sofia Emídio Cardoso , Araújo Cláudia Sofia , Condeço Cláudia Roque , Ribeiro de Deus José
Published: September 2019

The objective of this chapter is to identify cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly and their prevalence in the elderly population of Alentejo. The research question was elaborated according to the PI[C]OD methodology. The prevalence studies included allow the authors to identify the risk factors with the greatest impact on cardiovascular diseases, with the analysis of at least one of the factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, alcoholism, and sedentary lifestyle) and their prevalence in the elderly from the region of Alentejo. The results present the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, mainly at the national level, compared to those at the regional level, with a small number of exclusive studies in the Alentejo region, while simultaneously disaggregating the results by age group. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that the prevalence of risk factors is generally increased in the elderly population and, consequently, in Alentejo, because it is a region in the interior of the country that is predominantly rural and very old.
Urinary Incontinence in the Elderly
Authors: Arco Helena Maria , Costa Maria Arminda
Published: September 2019

Urinarsy incontinence involves difficulty in retaining urine, making it a problem with multiple consequences. The purpose of this chapter is to encourage reflection on this situation and identify potential action with a view to promoting self-care in the elderly with urinary incontinence. The authors undertook an ethnographic survey in convalescence units in which they observed and interviewed elderly patients with urinary incontinence and healthcare professionals. Implementing an “observation, reporting, and reflection” approach, they carried out a content analysis. Three cultural dimensions emerged affecting self-care. Functional dependence and vulnerability led to an impaired attitude to the body, which constituted the primary challenge in the process. The promotion of self-care was marked by difficulties, strategies, and modes of action where the nurses played a significant role in liaison with the multidisciplinary team. The preparation for discharge was marked by points of contention and negotiations that decided whether the patient would return home or be the subject of referral.
Understanding Drivers and Barriers Affecting Merchants' Adoption of Mobile Payments
Authors: Liébana-Cabanillas Francisco J. , Casado-Aranda Luis-Alberto , Gómez-Carmona Diego , Higueras-Castillo Elena
Published: September 2019

The aim of this chapter is to explore the determinants of mobile payment from the merchants' perspective through a bibliographical review and a qualitative and quantitative study to determine the factors that encourage or obstruct the use of mobile payment tools by merchants. This chapter presents a qualitative and quantitative study on the adoption of mobile payment from the merchants' perspective based on a previous literature review. The results reveal the main barriers in the adoption of the new mobile payment systems (users' lack of knowledge, trust in the payment system, cost of the payment system adoption, and lack of security) as well as the main advantages perceived by merchants (convenience and speed, security, and higher turnover). According to these results, several proposals are put forward for each participant in the adoption process to promote the use of mobile payments as well as some future lines of research.
Global Naming and Storage System Using Blockchain
Authors: Chanti S.  , Anwar Taushif , Chithralekha T.  , Uma V.
Published: September 2019

The global naming systems are used to resolve the DNS (domain name system) queries by providing the IP address of a particular domain. Humans are familiar in remembering the text rather than numbers. So the DNS servers help in resolving the human-readable domain names into system understandable IP address. In the current DNS architecture, there are several threats that cost a lot of damage to the organizations. At the earlier stage, DNS protocol lacks security assurance in place. To solve this issue, they introduced DNSSEC (subsequent DNS) as an additional layer of trust on top of DNS by providing authentication. Still, the current DNS servers couldn't address issues such as DoS/DDoS attacks. To address all these issues, blockchain technology offers an innovative method to handle those challenges. The existing naming systems are centralized, which is a major problem in achieving security.. The main aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of blockchain technology and a brief introduction to blockchain-based naming and storage systems.
Conceptual Insights in Blockchain Technology
Authors: Gaurav Anup Bihari , Kumar Pushpendra , Kumar Vinod , Thakur Ramjeevan Singh
Published: September 2019

The global popularity of digital cryptocurrencies and research in a decentralized system have led to the foundation of blockchain, which is fundamentally a public digital ledger to share information in a trustworthy and secure way. The concept and applications of blockchain have now spread from cryptocurrencies to various other domains, including business process management, smart contracts, IoT, and so on. Cryptocurrency is a mechanism designed to work for the online secure payments system using cryptography. Cryptography maintains confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. Cryptocurrency has come as a novel way of making payments that keep all the transactions secure and safe, which avoids any type of intermediaries such as a bank. This chapter will shed light on the concept of blockchain technology, security, and its applications in various domains.
Colliding Pedagogies
Authors: Rust Julie
Published: September 2019

This chapter uses an equity lens to examine learning in makerspaces with a focus on the role that literacies and technologies play in these spaces. The authors examine ways that makerspaces bridge formal and informal learning and serve as important contexts for community building and mentorship. This piece includes a review of the literature aimed at building a deeper understanding of the principles that underlie literacies practices, collaboration, and learning engagement. Critical perspectives address the need to center equity and inclusion at the core of these learning environments. The authors offer principles and recommendations for designing, organizing, expanding, and sustaining learning-through-making opportunities for all learners.
Aligning Children's Books With Digital Tools for Reader Response
Authors: Javorsky Kristin H. , Friedrich Laurie A. , Nichols Lauri , Trainin Guy
Published: September 2019

Through an exploration of three vignettes, the authors share innovative ways young learners and their teachers are responding to children's literature using digital tools in the context of new literacies. In the first example, primary grade students use digital tools to gain agency in their literacy practices as part of project-based learning within a STEAM curriculum. In the second, struggling readers in an after-school program integrate traditional and out-of-school literacies to produce authentic literacy products outside the constraints of standards and established curricula. Finally, an example from a teacher education program shows how the next generation of teachers can become leaders in the use of new literacies through their own experiential learning. Despite the differences in context and content of each vignette, all three demonstrate strong use of literacies pedagogy to guide selection of digital tools for the creation and consumption of text.
Exploring Digitally Enhanced Literacy Practices With Preservice Teachers
Authors: Swallow Meredith J. C. , Will-Dubyak Kathryn
Published: September 2019

Two professors in a teacher preparation program purposefully examined their courses for ways in which the learning opportunities in each separate course could be connected to facilitate development of preservice teachers' understandings of purposeful integration of technology within literacy instruction for elementary student learners. Preservice teachers in the courses used their knowledge of children's literature and best practices to create rich learning opportunities before examining them through the lens of the TPACK framework and SAMR model. This process enhanced and transformed preservice teachers' instructional decisions to illuminate educational technology as part of literacy instruction.
A Systematic Review of Video Games for Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Li Juan
Published: September 2019

This study overviews contemporary studies on the use of video games for second language acquisition within the past ten years spanning the development of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) and its connections to SLA, definitions of video games, empirical studies on the facilitative roles played by video games for second language (L2) learning and utilizing massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) for language learning. The purpose of this chapter is to help the readers obtain a systematic understanding of the development and application of video games in second language education. Findings of this study suggests that players are able to acquire L2 knowledge while playing video games. It also suggests that future research should focus more on the actual integration of video games into language instruction.
Introduction and Application Aspects of Machine Learning for Model Reference Adaptive Control With Polynomial Neurons
Authors: Bukovsky Ivo , Benes Peter M. , Vesely Martin
Published: September 2019

This chapter recalls the nonlinear polynomial neurons and their incremental and batch learning algorithms for both plant identification and neuro-controller adaptation. Authors explain and demonstrate the use of feed-forward as well as recurrent polynomial neurons for system approximation and control via fundamental, though for practice efficient machine learning algorithms such as Ridge Regression, Levenberg-Marquardt, and Conjugate Gradients, authors also discuss the use of novel optimizers such as ADAM and BFGS. Incremental gradient descent and RLS algorithms for plant identification and control are explained and demonstrated. Also, novel BIBS stability for recurrent HONUs and for closed control loops with linear plant and nonlinear (HONU) controller is discussed and demonstrated.
Artificial Intelligence Towards Water Conservation
Authors: Sharma Ravi , Gundraniya Vivek
Published: September 2019

Innovation and technology are trending in the industry 4.0 revolution, and dealing with environmental issues is no exception. The articulation of artificial intelligence (AI) and its application to the green economy, climate change, and sustainable development is becoming mainstream. Water as a resource is one of them which has direct and indirect interconnectedness with climate change, development, and sustainability goals. In recent decades, several national and international studies revealed the application of AI and algorithm-based studies for integrated water management resources and decision-making systems. This chapter identifies major approaches used for water conservation and management. On the basis of a literature review, authors will outline types of approaches implemented through the years and offer instances of the ways different approaches selected for water conservation and management studies are relevant to the context.
Application of Machine Learning Methods for Passenger Demand Prediction in Transfer Stations of Istanbul's Public Transportation System
Authors: Yumurtaci Aydogmus Hacer , Turkan Yusuf Sait
Published: September 2019

The rapid growth in the number of drivers and vehicles in the population and the need for easy transportation of people increases the importance of public transportation. Traffic becomes a growing problem in Istanbul which is Turkey's greatest urban settlement area. Decisions on investments and projections for the public transportation should be well planned by considering the total number of passengers and the variations in the demand on the different regions. The success of this planning is directly related to the accurate passenger demand forecasting. In this study, machine learning algorithms are tested in a real-world demand forecasting problem where hourly passenger demands collected from two transfer stations of a public transportation system. The machine learning techniques are run in the WEKA software and the performance of methods are compared by MAE and RMSE statistical measures. The results show that the bagging based decision tree methods and rules methods have the best performance.