bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Siberian Philosophy in the Situation of “Desacralization” of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Zazulina Mariya R.
Published: December 2020

The paper considers the phenomenon of “desacralization” of scientific knowledge as a consequence of the development of virtual Internet technologies. It is shown that the process of desacralization of knowledge can be a decisive factor in the reconfiguration of the existing hierarchy of scientific knowledge. This can help to bridge the intellectual gap existing between the metropolitan and provincial science. “Intellectual challenge” is considered as a characteristic of the current state of Siberian philosophy and as part of the larger waves of intellectual challenge that faces all philosophical and social sciences and is formed as a result of changes in the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of scientific knowledge.
Key Social Decisions of the Modern Era
Authors: Trubitsyn Oleg K.
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the most significant characteristics of the modernization process. Modernization is the process of acquiring and consolidating the high status of the country in the modern era. The status of the country is expressed in its high international economic, geopolitical, social and cultural competitiveness. The modern era is a historical period when the competitiveness of the country was determined, first of all, by the relative level of its industrial development. Accordingly, industrialization should be recognized as the main content of modernization. Secondary parameters of modernization, its additional prerequisites are the processes of urbanization, bureaucratization, massification, scientific and technical development and the development of military power.
Rural Local Community: A Functional Analysisof Socio-Cultural Development
Authors: Shmakov Vladimir S.
Published: December 2020

The study of the dynamics of the socio-cultural development of rural local communities under the conditions of multipolarity, multidirectional and asynchronous changes in their socio-economic space, from the point of view of the systemic approach, makes it possible to present the complex processes of rural social and cultural development. Based on the typology of functions that determine the basic strategies for the socio-cultural development of rural communities, a simulation model is proposed for analyzing the dynamics of the socio-cultural development of the village. The model has a sufficiently high degree of adequacy, verification and contributes to the formation of scientifically based conclusions. A simulation-based agent model enables the transition to the simulation of socio-cultural phenomena and processes, and the construction of their forecast scenarios.
On the Incompatibility between Externalism and Cartesian Account of Self-Knowledge
Authors: Kozyreva Olga A.
Published: December 2020

The paper aims to examine the compatibility problem between externalism about mental content and self-knowledge. First, I explore the main anti-compatibilist arguments and objections to them and conclude that anti-compatibilist views imply the shift from the ontological issue to the epistemic one. Second, I argue that compatibilists, in its turn, regardthis shift as unjustified. The reason for that is that they do not accept the Cartesian introspective model of self-knowledge.
On the Task Approach in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Sciences
Authors: Vityaev Evgeny E. , Goncharov Sergey S. , Sviridenko Dmitry I.
Published: December 2020

This work continues a series of publications on the task approach in artificial intelligence. As noted earlier, the agent-based approach described in the monograph by Stuart Russell and Pieter Norwig “Artificial Intelligence. The Modern Approach", may be more argumentatively presented within the framework of the task approach. This paper will show that not only the problems of the bases of mathematics and artificial intelligence, but also many cognitive functions performed by humans and analyzed in cognitive sciences, can also be described and studied within the framework of the task approach. In particular, this paper shows that the analogue of the concept of task in cognitive sciences is the concept of goal and that the Functional Systems Theory (FST), which describes purposeful behavior, can be presented as the brain's solution of tasks to achieve goals and satisfaction of needs. It gives the chance to compare directly the tasks of artificial intellect with natural cognitive processes and, thereby, to reveal the list of those tasks of "natural" intellect and schemes of their solution which can be successfully used for the solution of artificial intelligence tasks.
Nuevo liderazgo organizacional para fortalecer instituciones universitarias débilmente acopladas según weick
Authors: Fong-Silva Waldyr , Taron-Dunoyer Arnulfo , Zabaleta-Mesino Randy
Published: December 2020

En el presente trabajo se hace un análisis de la institución universitaria del siglo XXI desde la perspectiva de weick (1976) y como el débil acoplamiento entre sus estamentos inciden en sus procesos organizacionales desde la alta dirección hacia las unidades académicas y departamentos. Se concluye que la flexibilidad en el funcionamiento de las universidades modernas se garantiza precisamente por la débil articulación de sus elementos constituyentes que potencializan su efectividad por el alto índice de iniciativa con el que cuentan en el modelo universitario y a la capacidad de solicitar colaboración de cualquiera de las demás unidades universitarias, lo que permite identificar que el sistema jerárquico Universitario es no lineal. Así mismo unificar el liderazgo transaccional y transformacional universitario en un solo liderazgo como el liderazgo directivo con características del nuevo liderazgo de Burns, permitirá transformar la organización universitaria en Meta-Universidad con altos estándares de calidad.
Riesgo biológico generado por el manejo de residuos sólidos en un centro hospitalario
Authors: Quintana-Salcedo Álvaro , Ramos-De La Espriella Carolin , Lugo-Calderón Edgar
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar el riesgo biológico generado por el manejo de residuos sólidos por parte del personal de servicios generales en la E.S.E Hospital Local  Cartagena de Indias. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de enfoque cuantitativo. Se utilizó  la matriz de riesgo de la guía técnica colombiana 45 y la encuesta de 14 ítems basada en el Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica para el Riesgo Biológico (modelo para el control del riesgo biológico) de la ARL SURA aplicado al sector hospitalario. La muestra fue de 34 trabajadoras del área de servicios generales, distribuidos en los CAP intraurbanos de la E.S.E. Cartagena.  Los resultados muestran que las actividades donde presenta  mayor contacto con agentes biológicos son en el lavado de camillas, cambio de bolsas rojas para residuos peligrosos y lavado de guardián (se observó durante el desarrollo de la investigación), siendo esta última inusual. Se concluye que las medidas preventivas y de seguridad que adopta el personal en su puesto de trabajo son eficientes en relación a tener su área limpia y en orden, son conscientes  que al realizar sus actividades entran en contacto con agentes biológicos. Por ello se deben realizar capacitaciones de autocuidado, capacitación e inspección del uso y mantenimiento de los elementos de protección personal, así mejorando las acciones preventivas evitando accidentes o enfermedades laborales.
Artificial intelligence in dermatology
Authors: Abraham Amitha , Sobhanakumari K. , Mohan Athira
Published: December 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the ability of a machine to communicate, reason, and operate independently. There is a need to understand this technology’s progress for future medical care. AI has many applications in the field of medicine, but its use in dermatology is comparatively new. Applications that commonly analyse and classify images and tools like risk assessment calculators are available. Even though many applications exist, the important implementation barriers inclue difficulty in standardization, interpretability, and acceptance by patient and doctor.
THE POPULATION OF RIVNE IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD: ETHNO AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Omelchak Tetiana
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the analyses of Rivne population dynamic in the interwar period. The research was based on the materials of 1921 and 1931 Census. The ethno-religious and socio-economic characteristics of Rivne residents have been given. Most of the population in the town were found to be Jewish during the interwar period, while this was the most distinctive for towns, which in times of Russian Empire were the parts of so called “Smuhi Osilosti” (“Strips of Settlement”). Polish, whose number was increasing during the interwar period, took the second place in the ethnic structure of residents. Ukrainians took only the third place in the national structure of Rivne in the interwar. Thus, the specificity of national population of towns influenced the structure of residents’ employment. Furthermore, there were no big enterprises in towns. While the most part of the population was busy with crafts and trade, a few workers were engaged in communication and state enterprises. The structure of residents’ employment of Rivne in the interwar was changed due to the policy of the Polish government. The 1931 census highlighted four social groups. Among them were the owners of means of productions, intellectual workers (intellectuals), workers and persons with unknown social status. In the social structure of Rivne population in early 1930 a little more than 50% were employees (workers-36,4% and mental workers-14,15%). The owners of means of production were represented by 42,4%. The intellectuals of Rivne worked mainly in the non-productive sphere such as state and local administration, public institutions, educational establishments, communication and healthcare, where in the early 1930s there were about 24,4% of employees.
ADVENTIST COMMUNITIES OF TRANSCARPATHIA MID-1950S – MID-1960S
Authors: Tershak Anatoliі
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the operation of one of the movements of the late Protestantism, Seventh-day Adventist community in Transcarpathia, in terms of anti-religious policies of Nikita Khrushchev (1953–1964). Additionally, it clarifies the main aspects of the relationship between Adventist communities and the Soviet authorities. It shows that there were 10 registered communities and 8 unregistered groups in the study period in Transcarpathia. This research includes a wide range of sources from the state and church archives. Moreover, it contains a survey of believers of this denomination. Critical analysis of these sources in combination with modern research on the topic made it possible to reveal new aspects of the past of the Adventist community in Transcarpathia, to clarify statistics, to personalize the composition of church ministers as well as some of its members. With Khrushchev’s coming to power, the Adventist community in the region, like all denominations in the USSR, felt a significant deterioration in the religious situation. The negative attitude of some part of society and the authorities to such a policy influenced the suspension of its active phase and contributed to a certain facilitation and normalization of religious life, which was observed in the mid-1950s. Later Adventist communities experienced crises related to the liquidation of the All-Union Seventh-day Adventist Spiritual Center and the internal division of the community due to government interference in its activity. In the development of the Adventist community in Transcarpathia, it was possible to highlight some of its features, which allowed to save the community from significant power influences and destruction. These include the deep historical religiosity of the local population, their cultural and historical tradition as well as mentality. The combination of the above-mentioned factors forced the authorities to act quite cautiously in the area of religious restrictions. During that period the Transcarpathian Adventist community managed to overcome the negative occurrences and slowly develop, maintaining internal and doctrinal unity in balancing relations with the state.
FIRE SAFETY MEASURES IN THE CITIES OF VOLYN IN THE 18TH CENTURY (THE CASE STUDY OF DUBNO)
Authors: Blyzniak Mykola
Published: December 2020

The article outlines the main aspects of the occurrence and prevention of fires in the cities of Volyn. In general, the fires hindered the development of a city, and its citizens bore the heavy burden of restoring the city’s production capacities. The owners of Volyn cities provided the fire victims with help for certain periods of time, but it did not always improve the situation. The article uses the orders of the prince’s administration in Dubno in the 18th century to analyse the fire safety measures and sanctions against violators. The documents regulating fire management have been published. The sources focuse mainly on the implementation of the system of preventive measures to fight the fires in the city of Dubno and the technical and managerial recommendations aimed to overcome possible challenges. The fire management strategy proposed by the prince’s administration was current and corresponded to the society’s needs at the time, since by the mid-18th century, the privately owned city of Dubno had become Volyn’s leader in the number of households, thus the most populated, and continued to support its people until the end of the century. The necessity of strict fire safety regulations and their adherence was based on four major factors: the high numbers of the city’s inhabitants, the ethnic and religious diversity of military contingent as well as their different professional activities, the constant influx of merchants and guests of the city, and mostly wooden city constructions and buildings. Volyn cities had night guards, whose responsibilities included ensuring that the citizens adhered to the fire safety regulations. For example, the city of Olyka had quartermasters, which were elected, similar to some other city positions. The article analyses the fire safety rules and requirements, which united the entire city community and ensured equality in the rights and duties of all city residents and locals from adjacent suburban areas regardless of their social affiliation. Thus, the problem of firefighting in the city became a common cause. Fires and their consequences could also become an instrument of manipulation in the political life of the region.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CRACOW-LEMKO REGION ORTHODOX EPARCHY DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Authors: Smyrnov Andrii
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the history of the Orthodox Church in German-occupied Poland (Generalgouvernement), which remained autocephalous and continued to be headed by Metropolitan Dionisii Valedynskyi. In February 1941 Palladii Vydybida-Rudenko was ordained in Warsaw as archbishop of Cracow and the Lemko region. He swore to work solely for the benefit of the Ukrainian Church and the Ukrainian people; complete obedience to Archbishop Ilarion Ohiienko; and to vote during synods exactly like Ilarion, never against. After the German invasion of the USSR and the attachment of Galicia to the GG, Palladii was subsequently also named bishop of Lviv, and was elected chancellor of the Orthodox Church in the Generalgouvernement. Newly created Cracow-Lemko region eparchy numbered approximately 40 parishes. Archbishop Palladii transferred perceived Russophile priests from the region to Warsaw and replaced them with younger, Ukrainian clerics. The Ukrainian accent or language were used during church services; what constituted a ‘legal basis’ for nationalization. However, the eparchy has limited opportunities for the development of the Ukrainian national and church movement due to the opposition of the Greek Catholic lobby in German administration, lack of patriotic priests and war time difficulties. That is why Archbishop Palladii, which constantly living in Warsaw and served in Metropolitan cathedral, met with little success in the Ukrainization of Orthodoxy in Lemko region. In 1942 the synod of bishops adopted certain internal statutes that were later acknowledged by the German authorities as well. The statutes spoke very clearly about the prevailing Ukrainian spirit in the Church. The further growth of the Orthodox Church in the Generalgouvernement was, however, impeded with the withdrawal of the Germans and subsequent chaotic developments. Both Archbishop Ohiienko and Archbishop Vydybida-Rudenko sought refuge in the West.
Mutation variability in the filaggrin gene in patients with ichthyosis vulgaris
Authors: Живайкина Н.А. , Малютина Е.В. , Машкевич Д.А. , Васильева М.А. , Максимова Ю.В.
Published: December 2020

Обследован 21 пациент с клиническими проявлениями вульгарного ихтиоза. Наиболее часто у них выявлялась мутация 2282del4 в гене FLG как в гомозиготном (у 6 больных), так и в гетерозиготном состояниях.

We examined 21 patients with clinical manifestations of ichthyosis vulgaris. Most often, they had the 2282del4 mutation in the FLG gene both in homozygous (in 6 patients) and heterozygous states.
A pilot study on ethical issues in genetic counseling
Authors: Зобкова Г.Ю. , Баранова Е.Е. , Ижевская В.Л.
Published: December 2020

Приведены результаты пилотного исследования мнений врачей-генетиков по этическим проблемам медико-генетического консультирования методом анкетирования.

A pilot study was conducted to assess the existing problems of the prescriptive approach of Russian geneticists in genetic counseling
Tuberous sclerosis in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Софронова В.М. , Петухова Д.А. , Сухомясова А.Л. , Максимова Н.Р.
Published: December 2020

Проведен ретроспективный клинико-генеалогический анализ 20 пациентов с диагнозом туберозный склероз. По результатам молекулярно-генетической диагностики в 3 неродственных якутских и 1 русской семьях выявлены 4 разных патогенных варианта нуклеотидной последовательности в генах TSC1, TSC2.

A retrospective clinical and genealogical analysis of 20 patients with a diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis was performed. According to the results of molecular genetics diagnostics, 4 different pathogenic variants of the nucleotide sequence in the TSC1, TSC2 genes were identified in 3 unrelated Yakut and 1 Russian family.
A high frequency of the PAX6 gene 3'-cis-regulatory region deletions in Russian aniridia patients
Authors: Васильева Т.А. , Марахонов А.В. , Кадышев В.В. , Зинченко Р.А.
Published: December 2020

Врожденная аниридия (OMIM#106210) (ВА) - наследственное аутосомно-доминантное заболевание, ассоциированное с внутригенными мутациями гена PAX6 или крупными хромосомными аберрациями с вовлечением региона 11p13 в гетерозиготном состоянии. Проведено изучение особенностей спектра мутаций гена PAX6 и региона 11p13 в когорте пациентов с ВА из России. Обследованы 184 пациента из 152 неродственных семей. У 17 пациентов из 12 неродственных семей в регионе 11p13 обнаружены сходные делеции дистантной 3'-цис-регуляторной области гена PAX6 размером 0,3-1,5 млн п.н. Частота 3'-цис делеций составила 8% (12/152) и превысила частоту обычной нонсенс мутации в гене PAX6 c.718C>T (9/152, 6%). Высокая частота делеций указывает на возможно общий механизм их образования в «горячем» локусе региона 11p13.

Aniridia (OMIM 106210) is an autosomal dominant congenital disorder caused by heterozygous PAX6 intragenic mutations or chromosome 11p13 rearrangements. Molecular genetic study aimed to determine PAX6 damage spectrum peculiarities in Russian cohort. 152 unrelated families with congenital aniridia (184 patients) underwent ophthalmic examination and DNA testing. 17 patients from 12 unrelated families (4 familial and 8 sporadic probands) shared likely the same 11p13 0.3-1.5 Mb deletion affecting PAX6 downstream regulatory regions. The frequency of these deletions, 8% (12/152), was higher than PAX6 hotspot c.718C>T rate (8/152, 6%). A high rate of the deletions suggests a common underlying mechanism of its formation and points to 11p13 genomic region instability.
Difficulties in clinical diagnosis the atypical form of Andersen-Tawil syndrome
Authors: Колядин Д.А. , Федотова Т.В. , Кузнецова И.А.
Published: December 2020

Синдром Андерсена-Тавила - редкое аутосомно-доминантное заболевание, при котором развиваются нарушение сердечного ритма, периодический паралич, лицевые и скелетные дизморфии. Вариабельность клинических проявлений усложняет постановку верного диагноза. В статье описывается клинический случай и анализируются особенности течения заболевания у пациента, правильный диагноз которому поставлен благодаря результатам секвенирования.

Andersen-Tawil syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by periodic paralysis, cardiac dysrhythmias, distinct facial and skeletal characteristics, that may be variably present in the affected members. In the article there is a clinical case with atypical presentations. The correct diagnosis has been done due to results of DNA sequencing.
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome in the fetus of the second trimester of pregnancy with a predominant involvement skeletal system
Authors: Лазаревич А.А. , Новикова И.В. , Мясников С.О. , Венчикова Н.А. , Мараховская Э.И. , Плевако Т.А.
Published: December 2020

Приведено описание спорадического случая синдрома Смита-Лемли-Опитца (СЛОС) у плода второго триместра. Основные ультразвуковые признаки были сходны с синдромом коротких ребер-полидактилии. Нозологический диагноз установлен при молекулярно-генетическом исследовании. Обсуждаются и сопоставляются нетипичные проявления СЛОС с данными литературы.

We present a sporadic case of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) in the fetus of the second trimester. The ultrasound (US) signs were similar to the syndrome of short ribs-polydactyly (SCRP). The diagnosis was established by molecular genetic testing. The atypical manifestations of SLOS are discussed and compared with literature data.
Involvement of NBN gene polymorphism in predisposition to dystropic diseases
Authors: Постригань А.Е. , Бабушкина Н.П. , Кучер А.Н.
Published: December 2020

Изучение генетических особенностей дистропных заболеваний (в том числе, астмы и туберкулеза), определяющих формирование взаимоисключающих фенотипов на клиническом уровне, важно для лучшего понимания их патогенеза. Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в оценке значимости генетического полиморфизма гена NBN в формировании предрасположенности к астме и туберкулезу. Изучена изменчивость rs1805800 и rs709816 гена NBN в выборках больных бронхиальной астмой (БА), туберкулезом (ТБ) и популяционной выборке г. Томска (ПВ), общая выборка составила 683 человека. Показано разнонаправленное изменение частот аллелей, генотипов, сочетаний генотипов по rs1805800 и rs709816 гена NBN между группами больных БА и ТБ по сравнению с популяционной выборкой. Для развития БА генотип CT rs1805800 обладает рисковым (OR=1,66, χ2=5,41, p=0,02); а генотипа СС - протективным (OR=0,57, χ2=5,57, p=0,018) эффектом. Статистически значимые различия между группами БА и ТБ выявлены также по частотам сочетаний генотипов rs1805800/rs709816 в гене NBN (χ2 = 12,88; p=0,045).

The research of genetic features of dystropic diseases (including asthma and tuberculosis) that determine the formation of mutually exclusive phenotypes at the clinical level is important for a better understanding of their pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess the significance of the genetic polymorphism of the NBN gene in the formation of a predisposition to asthma and tuberculosis. The variability of rs1805800 and rs709816 of the NBN gene in the samples of patients with bronchial asthma (BA), tuberculosis (TB) and the population sample of Tomsk (PV) was studied, the total sample was 683 people. The different-directional change of frequencies of alleles, genotypes, combinations of genotypes by rs1805800 and rs709816 of the NBN gene between groups of patients with BA and TB compared to the population sample is shown. For the development of BA, the genotype CT rs1805800 is risky (OR=1.66, χ2=5.41, p=0.02); And the SS genotype is a protective (OR=0.57, χ2=5.57, p=0.018) effect. Statistically significant differences between BA and TB groups are also revealed by the frequencies of combinations of the genotypes rs1805800/rs709816 in the NBN gene (χ2=12.88; p=0,045).
The content of heavy metals in the body and karyological indicators of genotoxicity
Authors: Реутова Н.В. , Реутова Т.В. , Дреева Ф.Р. , Шевченко А.А.
Published: December 2020

Работа посвящена изучению возможных связей между содержанием тяжелых металлов в организме и кариологическими показателями клеток буккального эпителия. Обследовали детей, проживающих в районе расположения вольфрамо-молибденового комбината. Несмотря на повышенное содержание тяжелых металлов в объектах окружающей среды, их накопления в организме детей не выявлено. Обнаружены достоверные корреляции между содержанием марганца, цинка и меди в волосах с показателями клеточной пролиферации.

We studied possible relations between heavy metal content and cytogenetic characteristics of exfoliated buccal cells. To this end, we examined children living in the area where the tungsten-molybdenum plant is located. Despite the increased content of heavy metals in environmental objects, their accumulation in the hair of children was not detected. Significant correlations were found between the content of manganese, zinc and copper in the hair with the indicators of cell proliferation.
Modification of the clastogenic effects of cadmium in rat bone marrow with the melaxen
Authors: Чшиева Ф.Т. , Чшиев Т.В. , Кокаев Р.И.
Published: December 2020

При хроническом применении мелаксена в дозе 10 мг/кг индукции генотоксических эффектов в костном мозге крыс не выявлено. Метафазный анализ после хронического совместного внутрижелудочного введения соли кадмия 0,3 мг/кг (в пересчете на металл) и мелаксена показал протекторные свойства последнего (р<0,01).

There was no reveled induction of genotoxic effects in rat bone marrow at the constant use of “melaxen” at a dose of 10 mg/kg. The chronic joint intragastric injection of a cadmium salt of 0.3 mg / kg (in terms of metal) and “melaxen “ showed the protective properties of the remedy (p<0.01) after metaphase analysis.
The modifying impact of melaxen on the genotoxic effects of chronic cadmium intoxication in rats
Authors: Чшиев Т.В.
Published: December 2020

С использованием микроядерного теста было показано протекторное влияние мелаксена (10 мг/кг) при хронической экспериментальной интоксикации кадмием (0,3 мг/кг) в крови крыс, p<0,001. Исследуемый лекарственный препарат продемонстрировал способность снижать ожидаемое число микроядер и полихроматофильных эритроцитов (ПХЭ), индуцированных кадмием при двухнедельной и месячной экспозиции. При хроническом внутрижелудочном введении мелаксена не зафиксирован рост числа микроядер и ПХЭ по сравнению с контролем, p>0,05.

Using the micronucleus test, the protective effect of melaxen (10 mg / kg) was shown in chronic experimental cadmium intoxication (0.3 mg / kg) in rat blood, p <0.001. The studied remedy demonstrated the ability to reduce the expected number of micronuclei and polychromatophilic red blood cells (PCE) induced by cadmium during two-week and one-month exposure. In chronic intragastric injection of melaxen, an increase in the number of micronuclei and PCEs was not registered in comparison with the control, p> 0.05.
Genetic toxicology of pharmaceuticals: current state and perspectives
Authors: Жанатаев А.К. , Дурнев А.Д.
Published: December 2020

Рассмотрено современное состояние исследований в области генетической токсикологии лекарственных средств, освещены стоящие перед ней прикладные и фундаментальные задачи.

The current state of research in the field of genetic toxicology of pharmaceuticals is discussed. Applied and fundamental problems of genetic toxicology are highlighted.
Systemic assessment of pesticide genotoxicity
Authors: Илюшина Н.А.
Published: December 2020

Изучена генотоксичность более 200 технических продуктов (ТП) пестицидов. Разработан алгоритм оценки эквивалентности ТП оригинальным действующим веществам (ДВ) по критерию «мутагенность». Обоснована необходимость изучения генотоксической активности комбинаций ДВ пестицидов. Установлены ограничения тестов на генотоксичность, обусловленные токсичностью пестицидов разных химических классов. Выявлена зависимость ингибирующего эритропоэз действия триазоловых пестицидов от структуры ДВ. Изучено влияние и предложен общий механизм действия карбендазима на процессы кариокинеза, экструзии ядер и цитокинеза в эритроидных клетках костного мозга млекопитающих. Разработаны критерии экспертной оценки мутагенности пестицидов.

The genotoxicity of more than 200 technical grade active ingredients (TGAI) of pesticides has been studied. An algorithm for evaluating the equivalence of TGAIs to the original active ingredients upon the criterion of “mutagenicity” has been developed. The necessity of studying the genotoxic activity of the combinations of pesticide active ingredients was substantiated. Limitations of the genotoxicity tests due to toxicity of pesticides of different chemical classes have been established. The dependence of the erythropoiesis-inhibiting action of triazole pesticides on the structure of the active ingredient was revealed. The effects and the general mechanism of the carbendazim action on the processes of karyokinesis, extrusion of nuclei and cytokinesis in mammalian bone marrow erythroid cells were studied. The criteria for expert evaluation of pesticide mutagenicity have been developed.
Assessment of DNA damage by the method of DNA comets in cryopreserved samples of human leukocytes and fibroblasts of the human lung embryo FLECh-104
Authors: Волобаев В.П. , Ларионов А.В. , Щетникова Е.А. , Росинский А.Ю. , Бах С.Н.
Published: December 2020

Представлены результаты оценки повреждения ДНК в щелочной модификации метода комет в образцах свежих и криоконсервированых клеток при температуре -80С и -196С.

The results of the assessment of DNA damage using an alkaline modification of the comet method in samples of fresh and cryopreserved cells at -80 ° C and -196 ° C are presented.
Parental acceptability of coloured compomer as a restorative material in primary teeth of children - A randomized split mouth clinical trial
Authors: Neethu Ann Preethy  , Sujatha Somasundaram
Published: December 2020

Coloured compomer materials have been introduced in Pediatric Dentistry and gained popularity as it develops a positive behaviour in the child and makes further treatment stress-free. However, parental satisfaction regarding the appearance of coloured compomer is questionable. This study aimed to compare the parental acceptability of coloured compomer compared to conventional compomer for the restoration of primary teeth in children. A total of sixty sites, divided into two groups, with thirty subjects in each group using split-mouth design were chosen amongst patients aged between 5 to 10 years reporting to the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. In the control group, conventional compomer(Material A) were placed, similarly coloured compomers(Material B) were placed in the experimental group under the standard operating protocol. Parental preference was noted by asking them to tick or point to the appropriate box labelled Material A and Material B, and the results were evaluated by statistical analysis using SPSS version 21.0. A statistically significant difference was found in parents in preference of conventional tooth coloured compomer as the restorative material. (p<0.05)Thus, the preference of parents regarding the placement of coloured compomer in primary teeth is comparatively low. Though the coloured compomer material positively influences the behaviour and treatment outcome in children, the parental satisfaction is found to be comparatively low as parents feel that it lacks the aesthetic appeal when compared to the conventional tooth-coloured restorations.
Comparison between cosmetic and non-cosmetic users among the group of medical students to find the effect of cosmetics on their facial flora
Authors: Uma Mageswari S S M  , Akshita M  , Shelina Nameirakpam
Published: December 2020

Human skin is a complex ecosystem with various microenvironmental conditions and thus, the presence of resident microbial flora prevents colonization by pathogens. Some cosmetics like skin peels are known to cause deeper exfoliation of the skin and causes loss of skin flora. So, in the present study, the attempt was to find out the effect of cosmetics that are applied to the face on resident flora of the face of medical students who are exposed to the hospital environment. Out of 120 subjects, 60 were cosmetic users and 60 were non-cosmetic users. Swabs were collected from the face of subjects after washing the face with soap and water and processed using standard techniques. The colonies were counted, identified and statistically analyzed. The isolated colonies were Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CoNS), Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus species, gram-negative bacilli and Corneybacterium species from both the groups. It was found that regular cosmetics users 12(20%) yielded less isolates of CoNS as compared to non-cosmetic users 42(70%). It was found that the use of cosmetics thus decreases the normal resident flora of the skin, but larger studies with more subjects are needed to confirm the present result.
GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME CLAY MATERIALS AS FLUORIDE ADSORBENT FROM GROUNDWATER IN GHANA
Authors: Bayari Eric E. , Gyampo Maxwell Anim- , Gidigasu Solomon S.R. , Foli Gordon
Published: December 2020

This research conducted in the Upper East Region of Ghana characterizes Termitaria and residual clays from Navrongo to establish effective fluoride adsorbent from boreholes in Bongo area. Specific objectives are to determine (1) geochemical and mineralogical compositions of the clays using ICP-MS and X-ray diffraction devices, respectively; (2) fluoride degradation in groundwater using a Batch test (3) water quality after fluoride removal. The Batch test uses 250 ml of groundwater with 2.29 mg/l fluoride and clay masses of 25, 50, 100 and 200 grams to perform within a minimum and varying time of 10 minutes to a maximum of 120 minutes. Results indicate enrichments of major elements in Termitaria clay and trace elements in residual clay. Fluoride reduces to 0.778 mg/l and 0.294 mg/l at a mass of 0.8 kg/l over 80 minutes for Termitaria and residual clays, respectively. Optimum defluoridation time occurs within an hour in the pH range of 7.83 to 8.04. Quartz-hematite-magnetite-illite-montmorillonite suite occurs in residual clay with defluoridation capacity of 66.25 %, while quartz-illite-montmorillonite suite occurs in Termitaria clay with defluoridation capacity of 87.25 %, and constitute the more efficient adsorbent. TDS and conductivity are within WHO standard guidelines, which confirms the clays as non-toxic.
On the Role of Spatial Data of the Real Estate Cadaster in the Complex Development of Territories
Authors:   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Stepanov K. G. ,   Management Department Irkutsk Scientific Center SB RAS
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the current practice of using certain geoinformation in the development of territories, describes the most relevant areas of use of spatial data, the qualitative content of such data. For these purposes, the author gives a technological characteristic of the procedure for consolidating the most popular information of the above type in the specialized state registers maintained in the Russian Federation and containing an official spatial description of immovable things. The paper analyzes the conceptual and organizational problems of maintaining appropriate registers. Through the analysis of these problems, it is concluded that there is a lack of quality of specialized spatial data, the presence of which generates negative consequences for the territories for which these data are obtained. The positive effects arising in the absence of the above-mentioned problem of information quality in relation to the Russian economic and legal reality are analyzed. Based on the obtained conclusions, the author puts forward the thesis that the correct description of real estate objects by means of economically determined and (or) legally significant spatial data has a number of positive effects, which are expressed in the intensification of territorial development processes. The study consists of six parts. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, which contains the main conclusion of the author, the work has four sections. The first section provides the technical information necessary for the disclosure of the topic of the article, while the second focuses on complex problems caused by technical problems. The third section contains an economic analysis of the consequences of technical problems that were studied earlier. The fourth section provides specific examples of such consequences, studied by the author.
Recreational-Geomorphological Assessment and Mapping of the Sarma Model Polygon on Lake Baikal
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Abalakov A. D. ,   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Pankeeva N. S. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: December 2020

The terrain of the western coast of Lake Baikal is characterized by morphological and genetic diversity. The major types of landforms are represented by gorsts and grabens, which are specific to rift-type orogenic belts. The neotectonic movements and exogenous relief-formation processes are developed on the geological basis represented by the oldest rocks and tectonic structures of the Earth's crust of Archean age. In the Priolkhonye region, there is a unique combination of foothill plains and mountain structures of the Primorsky ridge along the fault, expressed in the terrain in the form of extended rectilinear steep ledges with traces of seismic processes. The above-mentioned features of the terrain of the western coast of Lake Baikal allow us to consider the terrain as an important recreational resource and a factor of tourism development. The different types of landforms are characterized by a certain recreational specialization, have an impact on the aesthetic attractiveness of the territory and the possibility of emerging of geomorphological risks and dangers for tourism. A comprehensive study of the terrain within the research and training ground "Sarma", located on the western coast of Lake Baikal, was carried out. Terrain assessment and geomorphological mapping are carried out on a landscape basis using a regional-typological approach, which makes it possible to take into account individual and typical geomorphological features of the territory. This approach makes it possible to give a comprehensive description of the recreational and geomorphological potential of the territory, which is necessary for evidence-informed decisions making in the sustainable tourism development.
Clinopyroxene Solid Solutions in the CaMgSi2O6 – Ca0,5AlSi2O6 Cross-Section at High P-T Parameters
Authors:   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Banushkina S. V. , Turkin A. I. ,   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Chepurov A. I. ,   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS
Published: December 2020

Clinopyroxenes (Cpx) are one of the main rock-forming minerals, but stoichiometry of their compositions was called into question. In particular, an idea of hypothetical calcium molecule Eskola (CaEs, Ca0,5AlSi2O6) existence was expressed. This minal has structure vacancy and silica excess. Numerous experimental investigations in CMAS-system (CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2) have showed that the question of non-stoichiometric Cpx existence remains open. This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the diopside Di (CaMgSi2O6) – calcium molecule Eskola CaEs (Ca0,5AlSi2O6) cross-section in the CMAS-system. The experiments were carried out in the following pressure and temperature range: P=10-4 – 3,0 GPa; T=966 – 15250C. Experiments at atmospheric pressure (10-4 GPa) were performed on a vertical shaft electric resistance furnace; high-pressure ones were performed on a "piston-cylinder" type apparatus. Samples obtained were analyzed using electron microprobe (EMP), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectrometer. Depending on the P-T conditions, the samples contain the following phases: anorthite An, garnet Grt, diopside Di, clinopyroxene Cpx, quartz Qtz (tridymite Tr – for experiments at atmospheric pressure), and glass L. The data array on the composition of clinopyroxenes crystallized in this cross-section with diopside in various associations is generalized and supplemented. Clinopyroxenes were found to form quaternary solid solutions of diopside Di (CaMgSi2O6) – enstatite En (Mg2Si2O6) – calcium molecule Tschermak CaTs (CaAl2SiO6) – calcium molecule Eskola CaEs (Ca0,5AlSi2O6). The CaTs and CaEs minals contents are positively correlated with the amount of aluminum in clinopyroxene, and this relationship is particularly pronounced for CaTs. It is confirmed that clinopyroxenes in this cross-section can contain an excess of silica at both atmospheric and high pressures. Apparently, the cation vacancy that exists in pyroxene structure can participate in ordering processes. As a result the pyroxenes of another structure (not diopside – C2/c-symmetry) can be crystallized from total compositions in the Di-CaEs cross-section. Additional research is needed to support this hypothesis. Besides, at present investigation it was not possible to establish an unambiguous relationship between the Cpx composition and P-T-parameters, since it is also associated with both the mixture initial composition and the mineral association. Further experiments are required to justify any geothermobarometric dependence.
Experimental Modeling of Diamond Formation Processes in Fe-C-S System at High P-T Parameters
Authors:   Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Karpovich Z. A. , Zhimulev E. I. ,   Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS
Published: December 2020

The problem of diamond formation, despite the huge amount of accumulated information, has not been finally resolved. Currently, the most well-established hypothesis is that the diamond will be formed as a result of metasomatosis. According to this theory, the source of carbon were fluids of C-H-O-N-S composition. There are still questions concerning the environment for diamond crystallization. One of the most common inclusions in diamonds from kimberlite tubes are sulfides. They are also represented in diamondiferous xenoliths of peridotite and eclogite from diamondiferous tubes, but their quantity in diamonds is still higher in comparison with xenoliths. Modern scientific researches allow to assert that large diamonds, such as Kullinan (3106 carats), Koh-i-Noor, etc., were formed at great depths of about 360 – 750 km. Inclusions in these diamonds are, along with silicate minerals, iron-nickel alloy, iron-nickel carbide and sulfide (pyrrhotite). The present study is devoted to studying the model growth environment of a diamond in the Fe-C-S system with a sulfur content of 3 wt. % in relation to iron. The experiments of 0.5 hours duration were carried out at 6 GPa and 1450 С on a high-pressure apparatus of "cutting sphere" type. As a result, diamond synthesis was obtained. The following phases were recorded during the analysis of growth medium composition (metal-sulfide sintering): solid solution of carbon in iron, iron sulfide, iron carbide. Iron sulfide is represented by pyrrhotite. Thus, the phases established in solid products of the experiments fully correspond to the phases isolated from inclusions of natural diamonds.
Application of GIS Technologies and Aerial Photography for Geoinformation Mapping and Modelling of Relief of Agroland Landscapes
Authors:   Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Pashkov S. V. , Mazhitova G. Z. ,   Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to one of the topical applied areas of agrarian landscape research – geoinformation mapping, the development of maps and models of the topography of agricultural areas. The authors demonstrate results of works on large-scale geoinformation mapping and modeling of the topography of the oldest region of bogharic agriculture of Kazakhstan – North Kazakhstan region using methods and materials of remote sensing data and GIS technologies. The main source material in the study was a series of aerial photographs obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The site of photographing was carried out by GEOSCAN-Kazakhstan LLP with using the Geoscan-201M Agro/Geodesy aerial photography complex. Characteristics of photographing: height – 280 m, visible range – 5 cm/pixel, multispectral – 13 cm/pixel. Geoinformation data on the nature of the relief were obtained during field studies in 2018-2020. Studies were carried out at the local level on the example of agricultural area located in the north of the region within the forest and steppe arable small-circuit agrarian landscape. Based on the results of the study, an electronic vector basis and specialized attribute data of the key area in the GIS environment, a digital relief model were prepared, spatial analysis and modeling of the geomorphological device of the arable surface were performed. The importance of the work is given by a significant agrogenic transformation of the relief of the definite locality during the almost 270-year history of agriculture. A series of maps of the main characteristics and morphometric indicators of the relief, significant from the point of view of crop production intensification and the development of accurate (precision) agriculture of the region, has been worked out. As a result of the study, the methodology of large-scale geoinformation mapping and modeling of the terrain of agrolandscapes in the GIS environment based on aerial photographs from UAVs was developed and tested. The algorithm of work has been compiled, starting from field studies, completing with the development of thematic maps and morphometric analysis of the relief and nature of the surface structure of the studied area.
Genesis of Floods in the Irkutsk Region
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Slepneva E. V. , Parygina E. A. ,   Irkutsk State University, Kichigina N. V. ,   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS
Published: December 2020

The main reasons for the occurrence of floods of different genesis in the river basins of Angara, Nizhnyaya Tunguska, Lena and Lake Baikal within the Irkutsk region are studied. Based on the analysis of the collected materials, the work considered the natural prerequisites for the occurrence of floods in the Irkutsk region, the main ones are: 1) floods resulting from an increase in river runoff during spring or spring-summer snow melting floods and summer rainfall floods; 2) floods caused by the collision of a water flow with an obstacle in the river bed during ice damming and jamming. The most important parameters in flood hazard analysis are maximum runoff and water levels. The maximum runoff of spring snow melting floods and summer rainfall floods at hydrological posts was analyzed, and an inventory of river sections with ice-dam and ice-jam was carried out. The result of the work was the zoning of the territory of the Irkutsk region according to the genesis of floods. The method of conjugate analysis was used, based on identifying the relationships between individual components of nature (geomorphological structure, climatic conditions and water regime of rivers). The use of the method of conjugate analysis made it possible to identify nine areas (Biryusinsko-Udinskij, Vostochno-Sayanskij, Verkhneangarskij, Sredneangarskij, Leno-Angarskij, Verkhnelenskij, Pribaikalskij, Tunguskij and Vitimo-Patomskij), differing in the water regime of rivers and natural conditions for the river runoff formation. The performed zoning of the Irkutsk region territory has both practical and theoretical significance. The results of this study can be used in educational institutions, in the Ministry of Emergency Situations, as well as in scientific activities, to obtain modern data on the causes and nature of the spread of floods within the Irkutsk region.