bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth of AlN layer on patterned sapphire substrate by hydride vapor phase epitaxy
Authors: Lee Gang Seok , Lee Chanmi , Jeon Hunsoo , Lee Chanbin , Bae Sung Geun , Ahn Hyung Soo , Yang Min , Yi Sam Nyung , Yu Young Moon , Lee Jae Hak , Honda Yoshio , Sawaki Nobuhiko , Kim Suck-Whan
Published: April 2016

Even though a patterned sapphire substrate (PSS) has been used for the growth of a high-quality epilayer because of its many advantages, it has not been successfully used to grow an AlN epilayer for ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on a PSS up to now. We report the growth of a high-quality AlN epilayer on a PSS, as a substrate for the manufacture of UV LEDs, by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks for the AlN epilayer grown on the PSS indicate that crystalline AlN with a wurtzite structure was grown successfully on the PSS. Furthermore, HVPE combining both in situ HVPE technology and liquid-phase epitaxy (LPE) using a mixed source is proposed as a novel method for the growth of a flat AlN epilayer on a PSS.
Recharge of low‐arsenic aquifers tapped by community wells in Araihazar, Bangladesh, inferred from environmental isotopes
Authors: Mihajlov I. , Stute M. , Schlosser P. , Mailloux B. J. , Zheng Y. , Choudhury I. , Ahmed K. M. , van Geen A.
Published: April 2016

More than 100,000 community wells have been installed in the 150–300 m depth range throughout Bangladesh over the past decade to provide low‐arsenic drinking water (<10 µg/L As), but little is known about how aquifers tapped by these wells are recharged. Within a 25 km2 area of Bangladesh east of Dhaka, groundwater from 65 low‐As wells in the 35–240 m depth range was sampled for tritium (3H), oxygen and hydrogen isotopes of water (18O/16O and 2H/1H), carbon isotope ratios in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC, 14C/12C and 13C/12C), noble gases, and a suite of dissolved constituents, including major cations, anions, and trace elements. At shallow depths (<90 m), 24 out of 42 wells contain detectable 3H of up to 6 TU, indicating the presence of groundwater recharged within 60 years. Radiocarbon (14C) ages in DIC range from modern to 10 kyr. In the 90–240 m depth range, however, only five wells shallower than 150 m contain detectable 3H (<0.3 TU) and 14C ages of DIC cluster around 10 kyr. The radiogenic helium (4He) content in groundwater increases linearly across the entire range of 14C ages at a rate of 2.5 × 10−12 ccSTP 4He g−1 yr−1. Within the samples from depths >90 m, systematic relationships between 18O/16O, 2H/1H, 13C/12C, and 14C/12C, and variations in noble gas temperatures, suggest that changes in monsoon intensity and vegetation cover occurred at the onset of the Holocene, when the sampled water was recharged. Thus, the deeper low‐As aquifers remain relatively isolated from the shallow, high‐As aquifer.
Time domain random walks for hydrodynamic transport in heterogeneous media
Authors: Russian Anna , Dentz Marco , Gouze Philippe
Published: April 2016

We derive a general formulation of the time domain random walk (TDRW) approach to model the hydrodynamic transport of inert solutes in complex geometries and heterogeneous media. We demonstrate its formal equivalence with the discretized advection‐dispersion equation and show that the TDRW is equivalent to a continuous time random walk (CTRW) characterized by space‐dependent transition times and transition probabilities. The transition times are exponentially distributed. We discuss the implementation of different concentration boundary conditions and initial conditions as well as the occurrence of numerical dispersion. Furthermore, we propose an extension of the TDRW scheme to account for mobile‐immobile multirate mass transfer. Finally, the proposed TDRW scheme is validated by comparison to analytical solutions for spatially homogeneous and heterogeneous transport scenarios.
Decoupling of mass flux and turbulent wind fluctuations in drifting snow
Authors: Paterna E. , Crivelli P. , Lehning M.
Published: April 2016

The wind‐driven redistribution of snow has a significant impact on the climate and mass balance of polar and mountainous regions. Locally, it shapes the snow surface, producing dunes and sastrugi. Sediment transport has been mainly represented as a function of the wind strength, and the two processes assumed to be stationary and in equilibrium. The wind flow in the atmospheric boundary layer is unsteady and turbulent, and drifting snow may never reach equilibrium. Our question is therefore: what role do turbulent eddies play in initiating and maintaining drifting snow? To investigate the interaction between drifting snow and turbulence experimentally, we conducted several wind tunnel measurements of drifting snow over naturally deposited snow covers. We observed a coupling between snow transport and turbulent flow only in a weak saltation regime. In stronger regimes it self‐organizes developing its own length scales and efficiently decoupling from the wind forcing.
Large‐scale, dynamic transformations in fuel moisture drive wildfire activity across southeastern Australia
Authors: Nolan R. H. , Boer M. M. , Resco de Dios V. , Caccamo G. , Bradstock R. A.
Published: April 2016

The occurrence of large, high‐intensity wildfires requires plant biomass, or fuel, that is sufficiently dry to burn. This poses the question, what is “sufficiently dry”? Until recently, the ability to address this question has been constrained by the spatiotemporal scale of available methods to monitor the moisture contents of both dead and live fuels. Here we take advantage of recent developments in macroscale monitoring of fuel moisture through a combination of remote sensing and climatic modeling. We show there are clear thresholds of fuel moisture content associated with the occurrence of wildfires in forests and woodlands. Furthermore, we show that transformations in fuel moisture conditions across these thresholds can occur rapidly, within a month. Both the approach presented here, and our findings, can be immediately applied and may greatly improve fire risk assessments in forests and woodlands globally.
Observational study of ionospheric irregularities and GPS scintillations associated with the 2012 tropical cyclone Tembin passing Hong Kong
Authors: Yang Zhe , Liu Zhizhao
Published: April 2016

This study presents the ionospheric responses observed in Hong Kong to a Typhoon, namely, Tembin, from the aspects of the occurrence of ionospheric irregularities and scintillations, using Global Positioning System (GPS) observations from a ground‐based GPS scintillation monitoring station in Hong Kong and from GPS receivers on board the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) satellites. The ionospheric irregularities and scintillations are characterized by the rate of total electron content variation index (ROTI) and the amplitude scintillation index S4, respectively. The typhoon Tembin formed over the western North Pacific during 18–30 August 2012 and approached Hong Kong during 24–27 August 2012 with the closest distance 290 km from Hong Kong at around 17 universal time (UT) on 25 August 2012. The ground‐based observations indicate that in the nighttime period of 20:00–02:00 local time (LT = UT + 8 h) on 26 August when Tembin passed closely to Hong Kong, the ionospheric irregularities and scintillations of GPS signals were observed in the south of Hong Kong, over the area of 13°N ~ 23°N in latitude and 110°E ~ 120°E in longitude. From the COSMIC observations, it shows that the number of radio occultation scintillation events peaks on 26 August 2012 during the passage of Tembin. Without the presence of strong geomagnetic or solar activity, it is suspected that gravity waves might be generated in the lower atmosphere and likely seed the formation of ionospheric plasma irregularities. This work for the first time from Hong Kong observes the sign of coupling between the lower atmosphere and ionosphere in a tropical cyclone event, combining both ground‐ and space‐based GPS observation data.
The role of lateral lithospheric strength heterogeneities in orogenic plateau growth: Insights from 3‐D thermo‐mechanical modeling
Authors: Chen Lin , Gerya Taras V.
Published: April 2016

Preexisting lateral variations in crustal thickness and lithospheric thermal state are documented for the formation of some orogenic plateaux. Here we use high‐resolution 3‐D thermo‐mechanical simulations to investigate the influence of preexisting lateral lithospheric strength heterogeneity on the growth of orogenic plateau. The modeling results illustrate an episodic scenario for plateau growth: (1) an early rapid growth stage, characterized by rapid surface uplift and intensive crustal buckling and thickening; (2) an outward spreading stage, characterized by significant lateral expansion of the plateau edges; and (3) a mature stage, characterized by the development of the intracrustal partial melting and subduction of the surrounding lithosphere under the plateau. Sensitivity analyses indicate that lateral variation in crustal thickness favors outward spreading of orogenic plateau, while lateral variation in geothermal gradient favors crustal buckling. The model in absence of lateral strength heterogeneity leads to progressive migration of orogenic belt. Our models show that the plateau's lower crust is largely coupled with underlying lithospheric mantle and does not flow into the surrounding lithospheres, casting doubt on the lower crust flow model. We suggest that the Himalayan‐Tibetan orogenic system can be best understood within the framework that the proto‐southern Asian margin was fairly weak prior to the India‐Asia collision to steer the formation of a large hot orogenic plateau there.
Partitioning of oblique convergence in the Northern Andes subduction zone: Migration history and the present‐day boundary of the North Andean Sliver in Ecuador
Authors: Alvarado A , Audin L , Nocquet J. M , Jaillard E , Mothes P , Jarrín P , Segovia M. , Rolandone F , Cisneros D
Published: April 2016

Along the Ecuadorian margin, oblique subduction induces deformation of the overriding continental plate. For the last 15 Ma, both exhumation and tectonic history of Ecuador suggest that the northeastward motion of the North Andean Sliver (NAS) was accompanied by an eastward migration of its eastern boundary and successive progressively narrowing restraining bends. Here we present geologic data, earthquake epicenters, focal mechanisms, GPS results, and a revised active fault map consistent with this new kinematic model. All data sets concur to demonstrate that active continental deformation is presently localized along a single major fault system, connecting fault segments from the Gulf of Guayaquil to the eastern Andean Cordillera. Although secondary faults are recognized within the Cordillera, they accommodate a negligible fraction of relative motion compared to the main fault system. The eastern limit is then concentrated rather than distributed as first proposed, marking a sharp boundary between the NAS, the Inca sliver, and the Subandean domain overthrusting the South American craton. The NAS limit follows a northeast striking right‐lateral transpressional strike‐slip system from the Gulf of Guayaquil (Isla Puná) to the Andean Cordillera and with the north‐south striking transpressive faults along the eastern Andes. Eastward migration of the restraining belt since the Pliocene, abandonment of the sutures and reactivation of north‐south striking ancient fault zones lead to the final development of a major tectonic boundary south and east of the NAS, favoring its extrusion as a continental sliver, accommodating the oblique convergence of the Nazca oceanic plate toward South America.
Misfit Dislocation Guided Topographic and Conduction Patterning in Complex Oxide Epitaxial Thin Films
Authors: Sandiumenge Felip , Bagués Núria , Santiso José , Paradinas Markos , Pomar Alberto , Konstantinovic Zorica , Ocal Carmen , Balcells Lluís , Casanove Marie‐Jo , Martínez Benjamín
Published: April 2016

Interfacial dissimilarity has emerged in recent years as the cornerstone of emergent interfacial phenomena, while enabling the control of electrical transport and magnetic behavior of complex oxide epitaxial films. As a step further toward the lateral miniaturization of functional nanostructures, this work uncovers the role of misfit dislocations in creating periodic surface strain patterns that can be efficiently used to control the spatial modulation of mass transport phenomena and bandwidth‐dependent properties on a ≈20 nm length scale. The spontaneous formation of surface strain‐relief patterns in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/LaAlO3 films results in lateral periodic modulations of the surface chemical potential and tetragonal distortion, controlling the spatial distribution of preferential nucleation sites and the bandwidth of the epilayer, respectively. These results provide insights into the spontaneous formation of strain‐driven ordered surface patterns, topographic and functional, during the growth of complex oxide heterostructures on lengths scales far below the limits achievable through top‐down approaches.
Graphene layer encapsulated metal nanoparticles as a new type of non‐precious metal catalysts for oxygen reduction
Authors: Hu Yang , Zhong Lijie , Jensen Jens Oluf , Li Qingfeng
Published: April 2016

Cheap and efficient non‐precious metal catalysts for oxygen reduction have been a focus of research in the field of low‐temperature fuel cells. This review is devoted to a brief summary of the recent work on a new type of catalysts, i.e., the graphene layer encapsulated metal nanoparticles. The discussion is focused on the synthesis, structure, mechanism, performance, and further research. © 2016 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functional exploratory data analysis for high‐resolution measurements of urban particulate matter
Authors: Ranalli M. Giovanna , Rocco Giorgia , Jona Lasinio Giovanna , Moroni Beatrice , Castellini Silvia , Crocchianti Stefano , Cappelletti David
Published: April 2016

In this work we propose the use of functional data analysis (FDA) to deal with a very large dataset of atmospheric aerosol size distribution resolved in both space and time. Data come from a mobile measurement platform in the town of Perugia (Central Italy). An OPC (Optical Particle Counter) is integrated on a cabin of the Minimetrò, an urban transportation system, that moves along a monorail on a line transect of the town. The OPC takes a sample of air every six seconds and counts the number of particles of urban aerosols with a diameter between 0.28 m and 10 m and classifies such particles into 21 size bins according to their diameter. Here, we adopt a 2D functional data representation for each of the 21 spatiotemporal series. In fact, space is unidimensional since it is measured as the distance on the monorail from the base station of the Minimetrò. FDA allows for a reduction of the dimensionality of each dataset and accounts for the high space‐time resolution of the data. Functional cluster analysis is then performed to search for similarities among the 21 size channels in terms of their spatiotemporal pattern. Results provide a good classification of the 21 size bins into a relatively small number of groups (between three and four) according to the season of the year. Groups including coarser particles have more similar patterns, while those including finer particles show a more different behavior according to the period of the year. Such features are consistent with the physics of atmospheric aerosol and the highlighted patterns provide a very useful ground for prospective model‐based studies.
Comprehensive genome and epigenome characterization of CHO cells in response to evolutionary pressures and over time
Authors: Feichtinger Julia , Hernández Inmaculada , Fischer Christoph , Hanscho Michael , Auer Norbert , Hackl Matthias , Jadhav Vaibhav , Baumann Martina , Krempl Peter M. , Schmidl Christian , Farlik Matthias , Schuster Michael , Merkel Angelika , Sommer Andreas , Heath Simon , Rico Daniel , Bock Christoph , Thallinger Gerhard G. , Borth Nicole
Published: April 2016

The most striking characteristic of CHO cells is their adaptability, which enables efficient production of proteins as well as growth under a variety of culture conditions, but also results in genomic and phenotypic instability. To investigate the relative contribution of genomic and epigenetic modifications towards phenotype evolution, comprehensive genome and epigenome data are presented for six related CHO cell lines, both in response to perturbations (different culture conditions and media as well as selection of a specific phenotype with increased transient productivity) and in steady state (prolonged time in culture under constant conditions). Clear transitions were observed in DNA‐methylation patterns upon each perturbation, while few changes occurred over time under constant conditions. Only minor DNA‐methylation changes were observed between exponential and stationary growth phase; however, throughout a batch culture the histone modification pattern underwent continuous adaptation. Variation in genome sequence between the six cell lines on the level of SNPs, InDels, and structural variants is high, both upon perturbation and under constant conditions over time. The here presented comprehensive resource may open the door to improved control and manipulation of gene expression during industrial bioprocesses based on epigenetic mechanisms. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 2241–2253. © 2016 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel method for automated human behavior segmentation
Authors: Weiwei Xing , Weiqiang Wang , Peng Bao , Liya Sun , Leiming Tong
Published: April 2016

In order to conveniently classify, retrieve, and synthesize human motion, motion capture (MoCap) data need to be properly segmented into distinct behaviors. In this paper, we propose a novel automated segmentation method based on posture histograms in sliding window. Firstly, a set of new posture features are proposed and defined to construct the posture histogram, which is a new compact representation of behavioral features. Then, by executing the sliding window, especially in this paper, the behavior features are analyzed in subsequence level to reduce noise sensitivity. We open up a novel way to tune sliding window by studying steady states of human behaviors, so that conspicuous and stable behavioral features can be obtained. Finally, by analyzing the clustering property of posture histograms of the subsequences, the behavior segmentation problem is tactfully simplified to the detection of outlier subsequence. In particular, the local outlier factor algorithm is adopted to solve outlier subsequence detection, and good results are achieved. Extensive experiments are conducted on 14 pieces of multi‐bcase, and the experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art ones. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A path browser for exploratory motion assembly
Authors: Lee Kang Hoon , Choi Myung Geol
Published: April 2016

We present an interactive method for creating animation sequences of characters based on captured motion data in an exploratory way as in assembling construction toys. The key component of our method is a path browser that can retrieve and visualize paths as diverse as possible connecting a given pair of initial and final motion fragments instantiated in the space. With the aid of our path browser, the user can develop large‐scale assembly of motions gradually through iterations of arranging and putting together motion fragments. For the efficient retrieval of connecting paths, we use a bidirectional search tree that grows from the initial and final configurations simultaneously under the guidance of a mixed strategy for both global exploration and local optimization. The usefulness of our approach is demonstrated through experiments with a variety of motion data including box moving, basketball, and breakdance data. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physical‐based spatio‐temporal resolution enhancement of scalar data for fluid visualization
Authors: Cui Liqun , Ma Chunyong , Chen Ge
Published: April 2016

We present a method that improves the spatio‐temporal resolution of original data with fluid scalar data. The basis of the method, velocity estimation, is constructed to be inverse and optimized problem. We reduce the calculation cost through convex optimization and make the velocity field more accurate by coupling with Navier–Stokes equations. The spatial resolution receives significant enhancement by applying advection on original data with higher‐resolution velocity field data generated by our method. The temporal resolution is improved by generating intermediate velocity fields through the solution of Navier–Stokes equations. In this paper, we demonstrate that the accuracy of our velocity estimation method is clearly better than that of optical flow methods and the enhanced data show an attractive performance in fluid visualization. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigations of the Nature of ZnII−SiII Bonds
Authors: Schäfer Sebastian , Köppe Ralf , Roesky Peter W.
Published: April 2016

A series of zinc(II) silylenes was prepared by using the silylene {PhC(NtBu)2}(C5Me5)Si. Whereas reaction of the silylene with ZnX2 (X=Cl, I) gave the halide‐bridged dimers [{PhC(NtBu)2}(C5Me5)SiZnX(μ‐X)]2, with ZnR2 (R=Ph, Et, C6F5) as reagent the monomers [{PhC(NtBu)2}(C5Me5)SiZnR2] were obtained. The stability of the complexes and the Zn−Si bond lengths clearly depend on the substitution pattern of the zinc atom. Electron‐withdrawing groups stabilize these adducts, whereas electron‐donating groups destabilize them. This could be rationalized by quantum chemical calculations. Two different bonding modes in these molecules were identified, which are responsible for the differences in reactivity: 1) strong polar Zn−Si single bonds with short Zn−Si distances, Zn−Si force constants close to that of a classical single bond, and strong binding energy (ca. 2.39 Å, 1.33 mdyn Å−1, and 200 kJ mol−1), which suggest an ion pair consisting of a silyl cation with a Zn−Si single bond; 2) relatively weak donor–acceptor Zn−Si bonds with long Zn−Si distances, low Zn−Si force constants, and weak binding energy (ca. 2.49 Å, 0.89 mdyn Å−1, and 115 kJ mol−1), which can be interpreted as a silylene–zinc adduct.
Two‐Dimensional Ketone‐Driven Metal–Organic Coordination on Cu(111)
Authors: Della Pia Ada , Riello Massimo , Lawrence James , Stassen Daphne , Jones Tim S. , Bonifazi Davide , De Vita Alessandro , Costantini Giovanni
Published: April 2016

Two‐dimensional metal–organic nanostructures based on the binding of ketone groups and metal atoms were fabricated by depositing pyrene‐4,5,9,10‐tetraone (PTO) molecules on a Cu(111) surface. The strongly electronegative ketone moieties bind to either copper adatoms from the substrate or codeposited iron atoms. In the former case, scanning tunnelling microscopy images reveal the development of an extended metal–organic supramolecular structure. Each copper adatom coordinates to two ketone ligands of two neighbouring PTO molecules, forming chains that are linked together into large islands through secondary van der Waals interactions. Deposition of iron atoms leads to a transformation of this assembly resulting from the substitution of the metal centres. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the driving force for the metal substitution is primarily determined by the strength of the ketone–metal bond, which is higher for Fe than for Cu. This second class of nanostructures displays a structural dependence on the rate of iron deposition.
ChemInform Abstract: INTERACTION OF CARBON MONOXIDE WITH ALKALI, ALKALINE EARTH, TRANSITION, AND LANTHANOID METAL FLUORIDES IN AN ARGON MATRIX
Authors: HAUGE R. H. , GRANSDEN S. E. , MARGRAVE J. L.
Published: April 2016

IR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen von freiem CO und von CO, das mit Fluoriden ein‐, zwei‐ und dreiwertiger Metalle (Li, Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, La, Nd, Gd, Ho, Lu) in einer ArgonMatrix reagiert, zeigen, daß die Schwingungsfrequenz in allen Fällen zu höheren Werten im Vergleich zum freien CO verschoben wird.
ChemInform Abstract: TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE STUDIES OF PHOSPHORUS‐31 CHEMICAL SHIFTS OF TRIALKOXYPHOSPHAZENE N‐PHOSPHORYLDIALKYL ESTERS
Authors: RIESEL L. , STEINBACH J. , THOMAS B.
Published: April 2016

Für die untersuchten Verbindungen (I) und C13P=N‐P(O)C12 zeigte sich, daß die Temp‐Abhänigkeit der chemischen Verschiebung für den Phosphor der Phosphazen‐Gruppierung um ein Mehrfaches größer ist als die für den Phosphor der Phosphoryl‐Gruppierung.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS, MAGNETIC, AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF DI‐μ‐(BENZYLOXO)BIS((2,2,6,6‐TETRAMETHYLHEPTANE‐3,5‐DIONATO)COPPER(II))
Authors: LEMAY H. E. JUN. , HODGSON D. J. , PRUETTIANGKURA P. , THERIOT L. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung (II) wird beim Umkristallisieren des aus Bis‐[2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylheptan‐3,5‐dionato]‐Cu(II) (I) und NaOMe/MeOH gebildeten Methox0‐mono‐diketonato‐Cu(II)‐Komplexes aus Benzylalkohol erhalten und isoliert (keine Ausb.‐Angabe).
ChemInform Abstract: THE CONTRASTING BEHAVIOR OF CYCLIC AND ACYCLIC 2‐AMIDOMETHYLENERESORCINOLS TOWARDS CYCLIZATION WITH ACETALDEHYDE
Authors: ZAUGG H. E. , ARENDSEN D. L. , EGAN R. S.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Nonylresorcin (I) erhält man bei der Kondensation mit dem Harnstoff (II) das Substitutionsprodukt (III), das zum Diazacannabinoid (IV) cyclisiert werden kann.
ChemInform Abstract: NITRO GROUP PARTICIPATION IN THE FORMATION OF HETEROCYCLES
Authors: SUNDER S. , PEET N. P.
Published: April 2016

Benzaldehyd (I) und o‐Nitrophenylhydrazin (II) liefern das Hydrazin (IIIa), das nach Bromierung zu (IIIb) mit Cyanessigester (IV) zu einem Gemisch aus den beiden Folgeprodukten (V) und (VI) in guten Ausbeuten umgesetzt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: HOMOLYTIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS. PART XIII. ARYLATION AND HETEROARYLATION OF COUMARIN AND BENZO(B)FURAN USING TRIAZENES AS THE SOURCE OF RADICALS. AN EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL STUDY
Authors: VERNIN G. , COEN S. , METZGER J. , PARKANYI C.
Published: April 2016

Mit Isoamylnitrit erhält man aus den Aminen (I) die Triazene (II), die mit weiterem Nitrit oder beim Erhitzen zu Radikalen (III) und (IV) führen.
ChemInform Abstract: INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SULFUR YLIDES AND ELECTROPHILIC MONOSULFIDES
Authors: MATSUYAMA H. , MATSUMOTO M. , KOBAYASHI M. , MINATO H.
Published: April 2016

Die katalytische Aktivität elektrophiler Sulfide bei der Transylidierung von Schwefelyliden wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF ACTIVATED OXIMES WITH DIAZOALKANES
Authors: MISHCHENKO A. I. , PROSYANIK A. V. , PLESHKOVA A. P. , ISOBAEV M. D. , MARKOV V. I. , KOSTYANOVSKII R. G.
Published: April 2016

Diazomethan oder ‐ethan (II) reagieren mit den Isonitroso‐malonsäureestern (I) in Ether bei 0°C zu den Alkylnitronen (III) und den O‐Alkyloximen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: ASYMMETRIC HYDROGENATION OF METHYL BENZOYLFORMATE USING PLATINUM‐CARBON CATALYSTS MODIFIED WITH CINCHONIDINE
Authors: ORITO Y. , IMAI S. , NIWA S. , NGUYEN‐GIA‐HUNG NGUYEN‐GIA‐HUNG
Published: April 2016

Der Brenztraubensäureester (I) wird in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln in Gegenwart des Katalysators Cinchonidin zum R‐Mandelsäureester (II) hydriert.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐ACYL‐N‐FORMYLCARBAMATES. A NEW CLASS OF CARBAMATE DERIVATIVES
Authors: GRAZIANO M. L. , IESCE M. R. , SCARPATI R.
Published: April 2016

Aus den 4‐Alkoxy‐oxazolen (I) entstehen bei der Oxidation mit Singlett‐Sauerstoff über (II) die N‐Formyl‐N‐acyl‐carbaminate (III), die zu (IV) hydrolysiert werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: AZO COUPLING OF BENZENESULFONYLHYDRAZONES OF HETEROCYCLIC ALDEHYDES
Authors: SHAWALI A. S. , FAHMI A. A. , EWEISS N. F.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Aldehyden (I) entstehen die Benzolsulfonylhydrazonc (II), die mit zahlreichen aromatischen Diazonium‐Salzen (III) über diskutierte Zwischenstufen zu den Tetrazolen (IV) umgesetzt werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: COPPER AND ZINC COMPLEXES OF SCHIFF BASE LIGANDS CONTAINING PENICILLAMINE
Authors: MACDONALD L. , BROWN D. H. , SMITH W. E.
Published: April 2016

Die Umsetzungen von Cu(II)‐acetat mit den Schiffschen Basen N‐Salicyliden‐ oder 2‐Hydroxynaphthyliden‐(l)‐penicilla1nin sowie die von Zn(II)‐acetat mit der letzteren in Ethanol führen zu neutralen, wasserenthaltenden 1:1‐Komplexen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF INDAZOLE C‐NUCLEOSIDES AND ANALOGS
Authors: ALONSO G. , GARCIA‐ABBAD E. , GARCIA‐LOPEZ M. T. , STUD M.
Published: April 2016

Aus der Carbonsäure (Ia) erhält man über das Säurechlorid das Diazoketon (Ib), das mit dem aus Anthranilsäure (II) erhaltenen Dehydrobenzol glatt zum Indazol (III) reagiert.
ChemInform Abstract: THE EFFICIENCY OF TERBIUM ACTIVATED YTTRIUM OXIDE SULFIDE (Y2O2S) UNDER LOW ENERGY ELECTRON BOMBARDMENT
Authors: GUTZLER D. E.
Published: April 2016

YgOgS :Tb und La2O2S :Tb zeigen bei einem Beschuß mit 300 V‐Elektronen in Kathodenstrahlröhren eine hohe Effizienz in bezug auf die Kathodenlumineszenz.
ChemInform Abstract: TOPOTACTIC ELECTRON/ION TRANSFER REACTIONS OF NIOBIUM CHALCOGENIDES NB3X4 WITH TUNNEL STRUCTURE
Authors: SCHOELLHORN R. , SCHRAMM W.
Published: April 2016

Kathodische Reduktion von Nb3S4‐ und Nb3Se4‐Elektroden in Kationen geeigneter Größe enthaltenden Elektrolyten führt zur Bildung der ternären Phasen An/xn+[Nb3X4]x‐ (An+: z.B. Na(+), K(+) , Ca(2+).
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMICALLY MODIFIED ELECTRODES. VIII. THE INTERACTION OF AQUEOUS RUTHENIUM TRICHLORIDE WITH NATIVE AND SILANIZED TIN DIOXIDE ELECTRODES
Authors: WIER L. M. , MURRAY R. W.
Published: April 2016

Elektroden in Form hochdotierter SnO2‐ Dünnfilme auf Glas werden nach der Einwirkung wäßriger RuCl3‐Lösungen cyclischvoltammetrisch und durch Röntgen‐Photoelektronenspektroskopie untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PROPERTIES OF TIN‐DOPED INDIUM OXIDE COATINGS DEPOSITED ON POLYESTER FILM BY HIGH RATE REACTIVE SPUTTERING
Authors: ITOYAMA K.
Published: April 2016

Bei einer Substrat‐Temperatur von 140‐180°C werden mit Abscheidungsgeschwindigkeiten von 200‐4500 A/min In‐/Sn‐oxid‐ Überzüge auf Polyethylen und Polytherephthalat durch Zerstäubung eines In2O3/ 5%‐ snOz‐Targets mit magnetisch auf die Target‐Ebene begrenztem Plasma niedergeschlagen.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION AND OPTICAL ROTATION OF TER‐ AND QUATERPHENYL DERIVATIVES OF ORCIN
Authors: HESS H. , MUSSO H.
Published: April 2016

Die relativen und absoluten Konfigurationen der beiden diastereomeren Terphenyl‐Derivate (I) sowie aller drei Quaterphenyl‐Derivate (II) und (III) des Orcins (IV) werden bestimmt, indem chirales (V) mit (IV) zu chiralem (I) und mit weiterem (V) zu chiralem (II) und chiralem (III) sowie chirales (I) mit (IV) zu (IIa) und (IIc) bzw. (IIb) und (IId) oxidativ verknüpft werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC METHODS AND REACTIONS; 59. CATALYSIS OF DIELS‐ALDER REACTIONS BY NAFION‐H PERFLUORINATED RESINSULFONIC ACID
Authors: OLAH G. A. , MEIDAR D. , FUNG A. P.
Published: April 2016

Die Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion von Anthracen (I) mit verschiedenen Dienophilen (II) in siedendem Benzol oder Chloroform wird durch polymergebundene Perfluoralkansulfonsäure in sehr guten Ausbeuten katalysiert.
ChemInform Abstract: 4,4,4‐TRICHLORO‐2‐BUTENAL AND ANALOGS AS REAGENTS FOR PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS
Authors: ZAHR S. , UGI I.
Published: April 2016

4,4,4‐Trichlor‐ (IIIa) und 4,4,4‐Tribrom‐2‐butenal (IIIb) werden durch Wittig‐Olefinierung aus Chloral (Ia) bzw. Bromal (Ib) hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF CYANIDE IONS WITH α,β‐UNSATURATED ESTERS. I. REACTIONS OF ETHYL CINNAMATES
Authors: STETTER H. , KUHLMANN H.
Published: April 2016

Der Malonsäurehalbester (I) und die Aldehyde (II) werden nach der Knoevenagel‐Doebner‐Reaktion zu den ungesättigten Estern (III) kondensiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF 2‐(BIS(ALKYLTHIO)METHYLIDENE)INDAN‐1,3‐DIONES
Authors: AUGUSTIN M. , GROTH CH. , KRISTEN H. , PESEKE K. , WIECHMANN CH.
Published: April 2016

Umsetzung des Indandions (I) mit CS,/DMF in Gegenwart einer Base und anschließende Alkylierung mit den Alkylhalogeniden (III) bzw. den ogw‐Dibromalkanen (IV) führen zu den Keten‐S,S‐acetalen (II) bzw. (V); im Falle von (IIa) kann die Alkylierung mit Me2SO4 oder MeI durchgeführt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SOME REACTIONS OF 1,2‐DIHYDROPYRIDINES WITH CYANOGEN AZIDE. SYNTHESIS OF DIAZABICYCLO(4.1.0)HEPT‐4‐ENES
Authors: ONDRUS T. A. , KNAUS E. E. , GAIM C. S.
Published: April 2016

Aus Pyridin werden mit Organolithio‐Verbindungen und nachfolgende Hydrolyse die 2‐substituierten 1,2‐Dihydropyridine (I) erhalten und mit Cyanazid (II) über die Addukte (III) in die Diazabicycloheptene (IV) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND CONFORMATION OF SOME 1,4‐OXATHIANIUM SALTS
Authors: KELSTRUP E.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend von dem 2‐Oxooxathian (II) werden durch Ethylierung die cis/trans‐isomeren Salze (III) dargestellt, die durch Kristallisation getrennt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF BIS(BROMOPHENYL)‐1,3‐BUTADIENE PHOSPHONATES
Authors: MASHLYAKOVSKII L. N. , BEREZINA G. G. , ZAKHAROV V. I. , IONIN B. I.
Published: April 2016

An Hand von PMR‐Spektren läßt sich feststellen, daß bei der Umsetzung des 1,3‐Butadien‐phosphonsäure‐dichlorids (I) mit Phenol bzw. Bromphenolen (II) nur Verbindungen (III) mit trans‐Konfiguration entstehen.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROXYPHOSPHORANES AS INTERMEDIATES IN THE ISOMERIZATION OF O‐HYDROXYPHENYL PHOSPHINATES
Authors: KEMP G. , TRIPPETT S.
Published: April 2016

Die Wechselwirkungen der isomeren Ester ‐ erhalten aus 1‐Chlor‐ " phosphetan‐1‐oxiden und 3‐Methylbrenzcatechin wie z.B. (I)/(IV) ‐ werden mittels NMR‐Spektroskopie bei verschiedenen Temp. untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSFORMED STEROIDS. 101. REACTIVITY OF 16,17α‐EPISULFIDE RING IN A SERIES OF 20‐KETOPREGNANES AND THEIR 20‐HYDRAZONES
Authors: KAMERNITSKII A. V. , TURUTA A. M. , USTYNYUK T. K. , NGO TKHI MAI AN' NGO TKHI MAI AN'
Published: April 2016

Durch Erhitzen mit alkoholischer Thiocyansäure wird der recht beständige Thiiran‐Ring des 16, l 7a‐Epithio‐pregnenolon‐3‐acetates (I) aufgespalten unter Bildung der Pregnenderivate (II)‐(IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF SUCROSE. PART II. THEORETICAL AND CHEMICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: FRASER‐REID B. , ILEY D. E.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend von den Verbindungen (I) und (II) wird über die Stufen (III), (IV), (V), (VIa), (VIb) und (VII) (jeweils a/ß‐Anomerengemische) das Disaccharidderivat (VIII) dargestellt, aus dem durch Animpfen das gewünschte β‐Anomere (IXa) (4,6‐O‐ Benzyliden‐hexaacetyl‐sucrose) gewonnen wird.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF PURINE NUCLEOSIDE NITROSOUREAS AND THEIR ANTITUMOR ACTIVITIES
Authors: SATO A. , IMAI R. , NAKAMIZO N. , HIRATA T.
Published: April 2016

Durch Umsetzung des Desoxyaminoguanosins (I) mit Isocyanaten erhält man die Harnstoffderivate (II), deren Nitrosierung je nach Salzsäurekonzentration zu den Nitrosoverbindungen (III) bzw. (IV) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVENIENT ROUTE TO VARIOUS 1‐CHLORO‐1‐ALKYNES
Authors: VERBOOM W. , WESTMIJZE H. , DE NOTEN L. J. , VERMEER P. , BOS H. J. T.
Published: April 2016

1‐Alkine (I) werden in Form der Lithium‐Derivate (II) mit N‐Chlorsuccinimid im Gemisch THF/HMPT zu 1‐Chlor‐l ‐alkinen (III) chloriert.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF PIPEROLIDE
Authors: ACHENBACH H. , WITZKE J.
Published: April 2016

Aus der Tetronsäure (I) entsteht mit Diazomethan der Methylether (Ib), der mit DDQ zu (II) oxidiert wird, dem sogenannten Piperolid, das früher aus Pflanzen isoliert wurde und für pharmakologische Untersuchungen Interesse besitzt.
ChemInform Abstract: OBSERVATIONS OF THE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT OF THE HYDROXYL ION IN LITHIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTIONS
Authors: LITTAUER E. L. , TSAI K. C.
Published: April 2016

Mit Hilfe einer rotierenden Scheibenelektrode, an der die Grenzstromdichte für die O2‐Entwicklung gemessen wird, und unter Anwendung einer modifizierten Levich‐Gleichung (Berücksichtigung konvektiver Effekte der Gasblasen an der Elektrodenoberfläche) wird der Diffusionskoeffizient des OH‐ in LiOH‐Lösung bei 298 K und unendlicher Verdünnung zu 6.8‐·10‐5cm2sec‐1 bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF THE TITANIUM DIOXIDE‐SILICON DIOXIDE SYSTEM
Authors: KRZYWICKI A. , MARCZEWSKI M. , HOMBEK R. , MALINOWSKI S.
Published: April 2016

Die sauren, Elektronenakzeptor‐ und ‐donatoreigenschaften sowie die OH‐Gruppenkonzentration werden an einer Reihe von TiO2‐SiO2‐Proben (durch Hydrolyse (wäßrige NH3‐Lösung) von Si(OEt)4‐ und TiCl4‐ oder Si(OEt)4‐ und Ti(OEt)4‐Lösungen in Methanol‐ Wasser und gemeinsame Fällung der Hydroxide dargestellt) untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CHEMISTRY OF NITROSO COMPOUNDS. PART 13. DECOMPOSITION OF N‐NITROSO‐2‐PYRROLIDONE UNDER BASIC CONDITIONS, AN UNUSUAL EXAMPLE OF NUCLEOPHILIC CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS OF AN AMIDE DERIVATIVE
Authors: CHALLIS B. C. , JONES S. P.
Published: April 2016

Die Hydrolyse der Titelverbindung in neutraler und gepufferter alkalischer Lösung, die besonders stark durch Imidazol und nur in geringerem Maße durch HPOä′ oder OH′ katalysiert wird, zeigt aus sterischen Gründen keine Beschleunigung in Gegenwart von 2,6‐Lutidin.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF OLEFINS. CONVERSION OF NITROOLEFINS INTO OLEFINS BY REDUCTIVE ELIMINATION
Authors: ONO N. , KAWAI S. , TANAKA K. , KAJI A.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Behandlung mit Natriumsulfid und Thiophenol erhält man aus den Nitroolefinen (I) die Olefine (IV) neben Nitrit (V) und Diphenyldisulfid (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: INTERMEDIATES IN THE DECOMPOSITION OF ALIPHATIC DIAZO‐COMPOUNDS. PART 15. RADICAL CATIONS IN THE DECOMPOSITION OF DIAZODIPHENYLMETHANE BY COPPER(II) PERCHLORATE AND BY TRIS(P‐BROMOPHENYL)AMMONIUMYL PERCHLORATE
Authors: BETHELL D. , HANDOO K. L. , FAIRHURST S. A. , SUTCLIFFE L. H.
Published: April 2016

Die Zersetzung des Diazomethans (I) in Gegenwart der im Titel genannten Perchlorate zu den Hauptprodukten (II) und (III) weist durch sehr ähnliche Kinetik (Geschwindigkeitskonstanten von 0.59·10‐2 ‐ 2.84·10‐2 /s) auf einen radikalischen Mechanismus hin, wobei beide Perchlorate durch Elektronenabspaltung aus (I) als Initiatoren wirksam sind.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW, CONVENIENT, AND STEREOSPECIFIC METHOD FOR THE DEHYDRATION OF ALCOHOLS. THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF MAGNESIUM, ZINC, AND ALUMINUM ALKOXIDES
Authors: ASHBY E. C. , WILLARD G. F. , GOEL A. B.
Published: April 2016

In einer ausführlichen Untersuchung werden Herstellung und Thermolyse von Magnesium‐, Zink‐ und Aluminium‐alkoxiden beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF VINYLCYCLOPROPANES WITH BUTYLLITHIUM
Authors: BEAVERS W. A. , WILSON S. E. , GORDON B. III , BATES R. B. , ROMANO A. R.
Published: April 2016

Die Vinyl‐cyclopropane (I) und (XI) werden mit Butyllithium umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSANNULAR CYCLIZATION ACCOMPANYING THE FORMATION OF CAGE AMINES IN A LEUCKART REACTION
Authors: GALIN F. Z. , LERMAN B. M. , TOLSTIKOV G. A.
Published: April 2016

Reaktionen des Diketons (I) mit Formamid und Ameisensäure bei 250°C bzw. 160°C liefern die "dimeren" sekundären Amine (II); neben (IIa) bildet sich auch das primäre Amin (III).
ChemInform Abstract: NEWER ASPECTS OF LONGIFOLENE: PART IX. A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF 3β‐CHLOROLONGIFOLENE AS PRECURSOR FOR GROB FRAGMENTATION REACTION OF A LONGIBORNANE‐1,4‐DIHALIDE
Authors: JADHAV P. K. , NAYAK U. R.
Published: April 2016

Die geplante präparative Darstellung des Sesquibornens (VII) durch Grob‐Fragmentierung des Longibornandihalids (VIa) gelingt nicht: Behandlung der Ausgangsverbindung (V) mit HBr/Eisessig gibt nur ein nichttrennbares Gemisch von (VIa) mit seinem Isomeren (VIb); nachfolgende Grob‐Fragmentierungsreaktion dieses Gemischs liefert ein Kohlenwasserstoffgemisch, in dem das gewünschte Dien (VII) sich nur PMR‐spektroskopisch nachweisen läßt und in dem als isolierbares Produkt das Longibornen (VIII) gefunden wird.
ChemInform Abstract: S‐ACYL DERIVATIVES OF THIOSALICYLAMIDES WITH ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY. PART IV
Authors: MONTANARI L. , PAVANETTO F. , MAZZA M. , MODENA T.
Published: April 2016

Durch Acylierung entsprechender Thiosalicylamide mit Isocyanaten bzw. Isothiocyanaten wurden die Amide (I) und (II) und aus entsprechenden Vorstufen die Amide (III) erhalten (keine Ausbeuteangaben).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF SUBSTITUTED 1‐OXASPIRO‐ AND 1‐AZASPIRO(3.5)NONA‐5,8‐DIENE‐2,7‐DIONES WITH NUCLEOPHILES
Authors: OGINO K. , YOSHIDA K. , KOZUKA S.
Published: April 2016

Die Oxaspirononadiendione (I) reagieren mit dem Nucleophil KCN in Acetonitril zu den Triphenylacetonitrilen (II); bei einer Reaktionsdauer von 10 min lassen sich aus (Ia) bzw. (Ib) die intermediären Chinonmethide (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb) isolieren.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 1‐HYDROXY‐2‐THIONAPHTHOL AND SOME OF ITS TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors: ZEINALOV A. M. , MAMEDOV F. N. , MOVSUM‐ZADE M. , IBAD‐ZADE A. K.
Published: April 2016

Durch S2Cl2‐ Oxidation von α‐Naphthol (I) und nachfolgend Reduktion der entstehenden Disulfide wird (II) im Gemisch mit dem Dithiol (III) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: THE REACTION OF SUPEROXIDE ION WITH VITAMIN K1 AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS
Authors: SAITO I. , OTSUKI T. , MATSUURA T.
Published: April 2016

Die Oxidation von Vitamin K1 und ähnlichen Verbindungen (I) mit Kaliumperoxid in Gegenwart von Kronenether liefert die Epoxide (II) neben Phthalsäure (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 1‐SUBSTITUTED ANILINOMALONYL‐3‐METHYL‐4‐PHENYLAZO‐5‐PYRAZOLONES
Authors: JOLLY V. S. , HALVE A. K. , SHRIVASTAVA A. K.
Published: April 2016

Durch Kondensation von α‐Phenylazo‐acetessigesterderivaten (I) mit Anilinmalonsäurehydraziden (II) entstehen die gelben bis orangefarbenen Pyrazolon‐Azofarbstoffe (III), die bei Färbeversuchen nur geringe Licht‐ und Waschbeständigkeit aufwiesen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF QUATERNARY SALTS OF 4‐PHENYL‐1,2,3,6‐TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE AND 3,6‐DIMETHYL‐6‐PHENYLTETRAHYDRO‐2H‐1,3‐OXAZINE
Authors: GRIER N.
Published: April 2016

Die Alkylierung der Heterocyclen (I) und (IV) mit den Alkylbromiden (II) liefert die Ammoniumsalze (III) beziehungsweise (V).
ChemInform Abstract: ACTION OF PYRROLYLMAGNESIUM BROMIDE ON SOME PYRIDAZINONE DERIVATIVES
Authors: SHAMS N. A.
Published: April 2016

Das Dihydropyrazolinon (I) reagiert je nach den eingesetzten Mengen der Grignardverbindung (II) zum Pyrrolylpyrazol (III) oder zu Gemischen von (III) und dem doppelten Substitutionsprodukt (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF 2,4‐DIPHENYLPYRIMIDO(4,5‐B)QUINOLINE
Authors: RANADE A. C. , MALI R. S. , DESHPANDE H. R.
Published: April 2016

Nach Lithiierung des Ethoxychinolins (I) führt die Umsetzung mit Benzonitril (II) zum Pyrimidochinolin (III).
ChemInform Abstract: THE HOMOLOGATION OF 1‐(2,3‐DIHYDROXYPROPYL)THYMINE INTO 1‐(2,4‐DIHYDROXYBUTYL)THYMINE
Authors: SKARIC V. , RAZA Z.
Published: April 2016

Das Thyminhydroxypropyltosylat (I) wird über das Iodid (II) und das Cyanid (III) durch Ethanolyse in den Ester (IV) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ANHYDROSIBIROMYCINONE: A NEW METHOD FOR THE DIRECT SYNTHESIS OF PYRROLO‐1,4‐BENZODIAZEPIN‐5‐ONES
Authors: PARKER K. A. , FEDYNYSHYN T. H.
Published: April 2016

Aus Methyl‐anthranilsäure (I) erhält man mit Thionylchlorid über (II) mit 2‐Formylnatriumpyrrol (III) das Kondensationsprodukt (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: HOMOLYTIC ADDITION OF ALKANETHIOLS TO TRIORGANYLETHYNYLSILANES
Authors: VORONKOV M. G. , RAKHLIN V. I. , MIRSKOV R. G. , KHANGAZHEV S. KH. , YAROSH O. G. , TSETLINA E. O.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Anlagerung von 1 Mol eines Alkanthiols (II) an die Acetylene (I) entstehen immer Monoaddukte (III) als cis‐trans‐Isomerengemische, in denen die trans‐Form bevorzugt ist.
ChemInform Abstract: ATRANES. LII. 1‐ETHYNYLSILATRANE AND β‐SUBSTITUTED 1‐ETHYNYL‐ AND 1‐VINYLSILATRANES
Authors: VORONKOV M. G. , YAROSH O. G. , SHCHUKINA L. V. , TSETLINA E. O. , TANDURA S. N. , KOROTAEVA I. M.
Published: April 2016

Triethanolamin (II) reagiert mit den ungesättigten Trialkoxysilanen (I) zu unge‐ sättigten 1‐Organylsilatranen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: NEOSIDOMYCIN, A NEW ANTIBIOTIC OF STREPTOMYCES
Authors: FURUTA T. , NARUTO S. , TAMURA A. , YOKOGAWA K.
Published: April 2016

Die Struktur des Antibioticums Neosidomycin wird zu (I) ermittglt.
ChemInform Abstract: (Z)‐6‐NONEN‐1‐OL AND RELATED COMPOUNDS AS ATTRACTANTS OF THE OLIVE FRUIT FLY, DACUS OLEAE (GMELIN) (DIPTERA: TRYPETIDAE)
Authors: ROSSI R. , CARPITA A. , VITA G.
Published: April 2016

Die Synthese des Sexuallockstoffs der Oliven frucht?iege (IV,cis) sowie der verwandten Verbindungen (IV,trans), (V), (IX) und (XI: erfolgt nach dem angegebenen Schema.
ChemInform Abstract: THE VIBRATIONAL INFRARED SPECTRUM OF THE GROUP IV TRANSITION METAL NITRIDE GASEOUS MOLECULES
Authors: DEVORE T. C. , GALLAHER T. N.
Published: April 2016

Die IR‐Absorptionsspektren von TiN, ZrN und HfN werden aufgenommen und die Schwingungsfrequenzen der Grundzustände sowie die Rotationskonstanten bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: PHASE‐TRANSFER‐CATALYZED WITTIG REACTIONS WITHOUT BASE ADDITION
Authors: KOSSMEHL G. , NUCK R.
Published: April 2016

Ketone, wie die Trifluoracetylverbindung (I), die die Haloformreaktion in basischer Lösung zeigen, sind fähig, mit Phosphoniumfluoriden ohne Basen über eine Wittig‐Reaktion zu Alkenen zu reagieren.
ChemInform Abstract: THIOSULFONIUM IONS. METHYLTHIOLATION OF THIOKETALS
Authors: KIM J. K. , PAU J. K. , CASERIO M. J.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Umsetzung von Bismethylthio‐propan (I) mit dem Sulfoniumsalz (II) erhält man eine Zwischenstufe (III) neben Dimethyldisulfid (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF POLY(NITRO)ANILINES TO POLY(NITRO)BENZENES. SYNTHESIS OF HEXANITROBENZENE AND PENTANITROBENZENE
Authors: NIELSEN A. T. , ATKINS R. L. , NORRIS W. P.
Published: April 2016

Pentanitro‐anilin (I) wird mit rauchender Schwefelsäure und Wasserstoffperoxid zum Hexanitrobenzol (II) oxidiert, aus dem mit Alkali oder Ammoniak die Substitutionsprodukte (III) entstehen.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKALINE FUSION OF A MIXTURE OF AROMATIC SULFONIC ACID SALTS
Authors: SAIFUTDINOV A. Z. , BIKKULOV A. Z. , YUKHNO G. F.
Published: April 2016

Die Salze der Sulfonsäuren des Benzols, Naphthalins, α‐ und β‐Methylnaphthalins, Phenanthrens, Diphenyls, Tetralins und Durols sowie Salzgemische dieser Sulfonsäuren lassen sich in der Alkalischmelze bei Temperaturen zwischen 300 und 380°C zu den entsprechenden Phenolen umsetzen.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐(α‐CHLOROALKYL)PHTHALIMIDES
Authors: WORLEY J. W.
Published: April 2016

Phthalimidkalium (I) kondensiert mit den α‐Chloralkyl‐phenylsulfiden (II) zu den N‐Substitutionsprodukten (III), die mit Sulfuryl‐ Chlorid zu den α‐Chloralkyl‐phthalimiden (IV) chloriert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ESTERS OF DANTHRON WITH RICINOLEIC ACID, ITS DERIVATIVES AND SIMILAR ACIDS
Authors: AUTERHOFF H. , EBERLE A.
Published: April 2016

Um zu Verbindungen zu gelangen, die die Wirksamkeit des Dantrons übertreffen, wurde Dantron mit Säuren umgesetzt, die selbst Bestandteile von Laxantien sind.
ChemInform Abstract: NITROGEN HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS. PART IX. REACTION OF 2,6‐DIARYL‐3‐OXO‐2H‐PYRIDAZINES WITH GRIGNARD REAGENTS
Authors: EL‐KASCHEF M. A. F. , ABDEL‐MEGEID F. M. E. , MICHAEL M. A.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Umsetzung der Pyridazinone (I) mit Grignardreagentien (II) werden ausschließlich die Derivate (III) und nicht deren Isomere (IV) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: INVERSE DIELS‐ALDER ADDITIONS, 9: INVERSE CYCLOADDITIONS WITH N,N‐DIMETHYLHYDRAZONES
Authors: SEITZ G. , OVERHEU W.
Published: April 2016

Das Tetrazin (I) reagiert mit den Aldehydhydrazonen (II) in eine "inversen" [4+2]‐Cycloaddition zu den Triazinen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF CHLORODIMETHYLPHOSPHINE WITH TRIMETHYLPHOSPHINE, MONOMETHYLPHOSPHINE, AND PHOSPHINE
Authors: SEEL F. , KEIM H.
Published: April 2016

Frühere Untersuchungen fortsetzend ,wird am Beispiel der Methylverbindungen bestätigt, daß Dialkylchlorphosphine wie (III) mit tert. und se Phosphinen (II) unter Bildung von Penta‐ und Tetraalkyldiphosphoniumchloriden (I reagieren, während prim. Phosphine wie (IVa) polymere oder cyclische Phosphine (VIa) neben Dialkylphosphoniumchloriden (V) ergeben.