bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Όψεις ινδικής φιλοσοφίας στην ευρωπαϊκή: Ένας διάλογος ιδεών
Authors: Κωνσταντίνου Κωνσταντίνα
Published: July 2022

Η ιστορία της φιλοσοφίας δεν αρκείται σε ένα φιλοσοφικό ρεύμα ή σε μία εθνική πρόσληψη, παρά είναι ζύμωση ιδεών μεταξύ λαών και θρησκειών. Τα φιλοσοφικά ζητήματα είναι διαχρονικά και πανανθρώπινα, υπογραμμίζοντας οντολογικά θέματα, της ύπαρξης και της ουσίας. Τόσο ο αρχαίος ελληνικός πολιτισμός, όσο και ο ινδικός —δύο πολιτισμοί που συναντούνται κοινωνικά— ασχολούνται με την κοσμογονία. Όμως, αυτή δεν είναι η τελευταία συνάντηση μεταξύ Ινδίας και Ευρώπης, καθώς η φιλοσοφική σχέση τους βιώνει καταπίεση από την ευρωπαϊκή πλευρά. Σήμερα τίθενται εύλογα ερωτήματα σχετικά με τον φιλοσοφικό διάλογο και την ακαδημαϊκή σχέση μεταξύ λαών.
Κατανάλωση κρέατος σκύλου: μια εργαλειοποίηση των ζώων από τον ρατσιστικό λόγο
Authors: Κωνσταντίνου Χρύσανθος
Published: July 2022

Το παρόν άρθρο έχει ως σκοπό να πραγματευθεί μια διάχυτη άποψη, σύμφωνα με την οποία οι Πακιστανοί καταναλώνουν κρέας σκύλου. Στην αρχή θα αναφερθεί πού εντοπίζονται τέτοιες πληροφορίες και ποια η εγκυρότητά τους. Στη συνέχεια, θα εξεταστεί αν όντως οι Πακιστανοί συνηθίζουν να τρέφονται με κρέας σκύλου και τι μπορεί να σημαίνει μια επίκληση στην κουλτούρα τους. Στα παραπάνω τίθεται το ζήτημα του πολιτισμικού ρατσισμού και της εργαλειοποίησης των σκύλων, ενάντια στους Πακιστανούς. Τέλος, θα ασκηθεί κριτική στην ανθρωποκεντρική οπτική που θεωρεί ότι ορισμένα ζώα, όπως οι σκύλοι, έχουν μεγαλύτερη αξία σε σχέση με τα υπόλοιπα.
Οι προϋποθετικοί άξονες προσέγγισης της Σοφίας στο ηρακλείτειο έργο
Authors: Πλατιάς Εμμανουήλ
Published: July 2022

Στο παρόν άρθρο επιχειρείται η ανάδειξη των προαπαιτούμενων σταδίων προσέγγισης της Σοφίας, καθώς και η αποσαφήνιση και οριοθέτηση των προεκτάσεων που λαμβάνει η εν λόγω έννοια στο ηρακλείτειο έργο. Αρχικά, αναφέρεται εν συντομία η συνεισφορά του Ηράκλειτου στην πρώιμη φιλοσοφική σκέψη του καιρού του. Ακολούθως, σκιαγραφούνται οι προϋποθετικοί και παραπληρωματικοί μεταξύ τους άξονες για την προσπέλαση της Σοφίας. Ερευνάται, δηλαδή, σε ποιον βαθμό οι αισθήσεις, η ψυχή και ο νόος δύνανται να οδηγήσουν στη γνώση της ουσίας του κόσμου. Τέλος, διαπιστώνεται πως η πορεία προς τη Σοφία είναι πορεία προς το Λόγο, καθότι οι δύο έννοιες ταυτίζονται.
Διημερίδα με θέμα «Σύνδεση σχολείου και Πανεπιστημίου: Η φωνή των φοιτητών και των εκπαιδευτικών»
Authors: Λιακοπούλου Μαρία
Published: July 2022

Διημερίδα με θέμα «Σύνδεση σχολείου και Πανεπιστημίου: Η φωνή των φοιτητών και των εκπαιδευτικών»
The role of biomarkers in the prediction of mortality in hospitalized patients for COVID-19
Authors: Cruz Gustavo Alexandre , Pott-Junior Henrique , Gregorio João Paulo , Liberato Erica Leticia Angelo , Slywitch Filho Glieb , Boteon Thais B. , dos Santos Sigrid de Sousa , Rizzatti Fabiola P. G. , Anibal Fernanda de Freitas , ROSCANI MELIZA GOI
Published: July 2022

Background: Despite the advances in the prognostic determinants in patients with COVID-19, it is not well known which hospitalized patients may course with an adverse outcome. The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers at hospital admission associated with increased risk of death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods: Prospective study in patients with COVID-19 admitted to a hospital and followed until discharge or death. All patients underwent clinical evaluation and laboratory tests on the first day of admission. Results: 100 patients were included, with a mean age of 57 years and 19 died. The variables associated with higher mortality were age), platelet count, D-dimer and troponin. Platelet count was independently associated with mortality, with area under the curve: 0.74 [95% CI: 0.62 - 0.86; p = 0.001]. The area under the curve of D-dimer for death was 0.74 [95% CI: 0.62 - 0.86; p= 0.001]. Considering the Kaplan Meier curves for survival in the hospitalization, there was a significant difference in the curves for D-dimer cutoff point above or below 1.1 mg/L (Log-Rank, p=0.03). Conclusion: The levels of D-dimer and platelet count have good accuracy in the detection of increased risk of death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Patent Signals of IPO Performance: Evidence from High- and Low-Tech Industries in Japan
Authors:   Graduate School of Science and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University Japan, Ngoc An Le Thuy , Matsuura Yoshiyuki ,   Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Che Yahya Norliza , Phuc Nguyen Huu
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Prior studies pointed to evidence that startups and venture capital (VC) companies tended to use different measures to provide signals to outsiders. This study adds to those previous insights by focusing on established firms’ patenting behaviors and their effect on the amount of money raised at the initial public offering (IPO). Since technology intensity may differ considerably between high and low-tech companies, our main interest in this paper lies on whether the significance of pre-IPO patenting activities as a predictor of IPO performance also varies between these two industry categories. Using cross-sectional data representing 308 Japanese industrial firms’ IPO commitments between 2000 and 2015, we find a robust positive correlation between patent applications and IPO performance. Contrary to the conventional wisdom proposing that high-tech firms with more patenting activities achieve better IPO performance, we show that the signaling power of patenting is stronger for the low-tech companies in our sample: While the high-tech firms do not seem to have significantly benefited from a patent signal, the low-tech firms seem to have attracted external investors more easily due to patenting at the IPO. Keywords: Patent, signal, initial public offering (IPO), high-tech industries, low-tech industries
Consumers Choice Decision Towards Electric and Conventional Motorcycles
Authors:   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, Belgiawan Prawira Fajarindra , Ikhsani Nadine Maura , Arsallia Sheryta
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Air pollution is one of the most pressing emerging issues in Indonesia. To reduce emissions, people need to shift from conventional to electric motorcycles (EM). However, the number of conventional motorcycles (CM) in Indonesia is still far above electric, and there is no certainty whether the market will adopt it. Therefore, this research aims to identify significant factors that influence consumers’ decision in choosing electric or conventional motorcycles and to identify preferred motorcycle type, as well as to calculate the elasticity of each factor. Choice modeling analysis is used to estimate the probability of choosing motorcycles and the attributes that influence the decision. Data is collected through an online survey sent to 470 respondents. This research used three methods in processing the data: factor analysis, multinomial logistic regression, and demand elasticities analysis. Based on the result of this research, it is found that the significant factors are purchase price, charging times, driving range, and attitude towards each motorcycle type. Additionally, it is found that most of the respondents prefer electric motorcycles to conventional ones. The results suggested that motorcycles manufacturers should consider selling EM with lower prices, develop fast charging technology, and improve driving range, while the government should provide incentives for EM users. Therefore, this research supports findings to decrease air pollution in Indonesia by increasing the use of EM. Keywords: Electric vehicles, motorcycles, choice modeling, significant factors, stated preference
Company Value Before and During COVID-19: Evidence from the Property and Real Estate Industry in Indonesia
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen IPMI, Daryanto Wiwiek Mardawiyah
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The objective of this research is to gauge the impact of financial performance and maturing long-term debt on firm's value during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study comprises the collection of data on nine big property-sector companies and analysis via quantitative methods, namely panel-data-regression models. Its results demonstrate that only commercial property revenue and COVID-19 had a substantial negative impact on firms’ value. Meanwhile, F-Test findings indicate that the independent variable had an influence on the firms’ value, at a p-value of (0.0037). This means that commercial property income may be used to describe the worth of major firms in the property sector, which investors should consider when selecting investments. Furthermore, property- and real- estate-sector companies should provide policies and regulations to safeguard commercial income toward maintaining their assets and surviving in the COVID-19 era. This study fills a research gap by exploring effects on the property and real estate industry during the COVID-19 crisis, as a benchmark for comparison. Keywords: COVID-19, firm value, financial performance, maturing long-term debt
The Influence of Financial Threat on Go-Jek Drivers' Willingness to Change Financial Behavior in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors:   Finance & Investment Program, Faculty of Business and Economics, Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Anastasia Njo , Avila Axel
Published: July 2022

Abstract. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Go-Jek drivers have experienced economic difficulties due to a decline in online orders from consumers. This decline and the fear of contracting the virus have prompted Go-Jek drivers to try various alternatives to be able to meet their daily necessities. This study aims to determine the effect of financial threat on the willingness to change financial behavior among Go-Jek drivers in Surabaya, Indonesia. Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed online using Google Forms, Instagram as well as offline, so that 100 respondents could be obtained. After the data was collected, it was processed through SEM-PLS to examine the relationship of economic hardship, debt, anxiety, and financial threat to willingness to change financial behavior. On the one hand, the results of the analysis show that debt and anxiety had a significant effect on financial threat, and that financial threat had a significant effect on the willingness to change financial behavior. On the other hand, they indicated that economic hardship did not have a significant effect on financial threat. Difficult financial conditions affected Go-Jek drivers' psychological conditions, and they had to be willing to change their financial behavior to survive; hence, psychological factors and financial knowledge have an influence on individuals in terms of their ability to make wise financial decisions. Keywords: Economic hardship, debt, anxiety, financial threat, willingness to change financial behavior
Beyond Virality: A Study of Indonesia's Viral Video Ads
Authors:   School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung, Alyafie Muhammad Fauzan , Nuraeni Shimaditya
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Customers' and companies' strong interest in dynamic advertisements makes brands focus on creating video advertisements that will be viewed and shared by many consumers. However, being “viral” is not the complete picture of a brand's objective. Brands need to find a more valuable virality that focuses not only on the number of shares but also on brand evaluation and sales. Using collections of Indonesia's most popular ads from YouTube Indonesia, the study aims to understand how emotional combinations in ads can affect valuable virality. Results indicate two emotional combinations in the ads, one that focuses strongly on the emotions of joy and surprise (positive ads) and another with the more complex and contrasting emotions of sadness and joy (mixed ads). An experiment showing different types of ads to two groups of a single population further demonstrates how different types of ads can create different effects on valuable virality. Mixed ads outperform positive ads in brand-related outcomes. No difference is found between the effects of positive and mixed ads on sharing intention. The findings shed light on Indonesia's viral ads and how companies can create emotional combinations in video ads to maximize their objectives. Keywords: Viral marketing, advertising, online content, social transmission, video sharing
The Role Of Work From Home In Improving Work–Life Balance
Authors:   Departement of Management Universitas Negeri Semarang Indonesia, Yanti Eka Warmi , Wulansari Nury Ariani
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of work from home on work–life balance through work engagement. The population of the study included staff from Badan Pendapatan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah (BPKAD) of the Jalur Pantura (Blora, Rembang, and Pati). The number of samples was calculated based on the method of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) proposed by Hair et al., and a total sample of 120 respondents was obtained using the proportional random sampling method. The data were collected through questionnaires. The data analysis method used partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with the SmartPLS 3.0 test tool. Results show that home-based work has a negative and marginal impact on work–life balance and a positive and significant impact on work engagement. Further, work engagement has a positive and significant impact on work–life balance. Indirect results indicate that work engagement may mediate the effects of work from home on work–life balance. Keywords: Work from Home, Work Engagement, Work–Life Balance, Public Sector, State Civil Apparatus
Allelopathic effects of sunflower water extract integrated with affinity herbicide on weed control and wheat yield
Authors: Jatoi Muhammad Tahir , Ahmed Samreen Riaz , Lahori Altaf Hussain , Sydorenko Volodymyr , Afzal Ambreen , Kandhro Muhammad Nawaz , Janveri Sarwat Haider , Jatio Haider Bux , Jatoi Zaheer Ahmed , Panhwar Sajjad Ali , Pruskyi Andrii
Published: July 2022

The aim of present study was to investigate the allelopathic impact of sunflower water extract integrated with affinity herbicide on weed management and production of wheat variety TD-1 under field condition. The trial was carried out in a three replicated and the average plot size was kept at 3x5m (15 m2). The obtained data showed that the all the treatments considerably (P<0.05) minimized weed density, weed fresh weight, weed dry weight and weed control up to 90.33, 89.31, 89.61, 90.33% with application of sunflower water extract (1:10) @ 20 L ha-1 (One spray at 25 DAS) + Affinity 50 WP @ 0.75 kg ha-1 (One spray at 25 DAS) than control treatment. The application of sunflower water extract (1:10) @ 20 L ha-1 (One spray at 25 DAS) + Affinity 50 WP @ 0.75 kg ha-1 (One spray at 25 DAS) significantly increased number of tillers (32.34%), plant height (14.59%), spike length (27.89%), grains spike-1 (16.80%), grain weight plant-1 (47%), seed index (19.60%) and grain yield (51%) of wheat as compared with control. Overall results indicated that the sunflower water extract integrated with herbicide can be successfully used to control the narrow and broad leaves in wheat crop.
Las prácticas, los silencios y los eufemismos de la sodomía. Un caso en Santo Ángelo, Banda Oriental del Uruguay, después de la expulsión de los Jesuitas.
Authors: Pérez Gerardo Diana Roselly
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo analiza las relaciones involucradas en el proceso abierto contra los maestros de música guaraníes Miguel Guarapi y Juan Caguari, por haber cometido el delito de sodomía con varios menores. Se consideran las tensiones entre las autoridades locales de Santo Ángelo en el contexto post-jesuita y el grupo social de los imputados. Se examinan las categorías y eufemismos en el documento y en la clasificación de archivo.
Bases socio-políticas mapuches de la encomienda en la Araucanía del siglo XVI: Levo/Rewe y Cavi/Rawin.
Authors: Zavala Cepeda José Manuel
Published: July 2022

Este artículo analiza el proceso de constitución de las encomiendas de indígenas en la Araucanía de la segunda mitad del siglo XVI; determina las bases sociopolíticas nativas sobre las cuales estas se asentaron e interpreta la terminología usada proveniente de la legua mapuche y su trasposición al castellano. Se muestra en este estudio la gran importancia del recurso demográfico local para el proyecto colonizador español y se develan los diferentes criterios aplicados para el reparto de la población encomendada.
“México-París: la misma lucha”: los exiliados del Movimiento del 68 en París y las redes transnacionales de solidaridad para la liberación de los presos políticos de Lecumberri.
Authors: Musotti Sara , Mejía Erandi
Published: July 2022

Este artículo analiza las conexiones entre el movimiento del 68 mexicano y el Mayo francés, a través de la experiencia de un grupos de lideres del movimiento que, por la represión y amenazas recibidas, decidieron exiliarse en París. Una ciudad en llena ebullición donde intelectuales, estudiantes, activistas políticos, especialmente trotskistas, se movilizaron en apoyo a la lucha política para la liberación de los presos políticos de Lecumberri.
Que el procurador lo pase a mis manos: encargos de devoción y embargos temporales en el navío San Fernando (Río de la Plata, 1767).
Authors: Scocchera Vanina
Published: July 2022

Tras la expulsión de la Compañía de Jesús, sus bienes temporales fueron embargados por la Junta de Temporalidades de Buenos Aires. Este artículo revisitará uno de estos episodios en el que diversos actores sociales reclamaron a la Junta la devolución de bienes suntuarios que habían encargado a dos procuradores provinciales jesuitas chilenos, y que éstos habían traído en el navío San Fernando como bienes de misión contraviniendo las disposiciones de la corona.
Udział parlamentów narodowych w wykonywaniu orzeczeń Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka: Analiza porównawcza regulacji prawnych i praktyki ustrojowej Polski, Niemiec i Wielkiej Brytanii
Authors: Ciżyńska-Pałosz Angelika
Published: July 2022

PARTICIPATION OF NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JUDGMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEGAL REGULATIONS AND POLITICAL PRACTICE IN POLAND, GERMANY AND THE UNITED KINGDOM For several years, the bodies of the Council of Europe have been pointing out the need for greater involvement of national parliaments in the implementation of ECtHR judgments and the application of Convention standards, raising this issue in their resolutions and recommendations. According to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, there is a risk that the Convention system of human rights protection will be endangered if the involvement of the parliament in this area is not increased. The application of the mentioned recommendations could contribute to reducing the number of cases pending at the ECtHR and the number of unexecuted ECtHR judgments. For many years the potential of national parliaments in the implementation of ECtHR judgments was unduly underestimated. Not all member states of the Council of Europe have created appropriate organizational structures in their parliaments enabling them to systematically monitor the compliance of draft laws with ECtHR judgments. Meanwhile, national parliaments should play a key role in the effective implementation of international human rights protection standards at national level. Therefore, the objective of the research summarized in this paper is to determine how national parliaments can contribute to the implementation of the standards of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights.
Can product modularization approaches help address challenges in technical project portfolio management? – Laying the foundations for a methodology transfer
Authors: Lammers Thorsten , Guertler Matthias , Skirde Henning
Published: July 2022

Formalized Project Portfolio Management (PPM) models struggle to provide comprehensive solutions to project selection, resource allocation and adaptability to dynamic technology project environments. In this article, we introduce a vision for a novel Modular Project Portfolio Management (MPPM) approach by drawing on well-established engineering methods for designing modular product architectures. We show how systems theory can be used to enable a transfer of methods from the area of engineering design and manufacturing to the area of PPM and how the concept of product modularity could help address challenges of existing PPM approaches. This lays the groundwork for the possible development of MPPM as a new and innovative methodology for managing complex technology and engineering project landscapes.
Proximal humerus fractures: anatomy, diagnosis and management
Authors: Rudran Branavan , Little Christopher , Duff Alexander , Poon Henry , Tang Quen
Published: July 2022

Proximal humeral fractures are common with a bimodal distribution and sex discrepancy, affecting younger men and older women. The presentation of a proximal humeral fracture can vary greatly because of this bimodal distribution and the associated differences in mechanism of injury.

Initial management should involve assessment of life- and limb-threatening injuries as outlined by the British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma, with particular attention paid to axillary nerve function and vascular status. Initial imaging should involve orthogonal X-rays in three planes to determine fracture characteristics and exclude glenohumeral dislocation. Computed tomography imaging improves interobserver agreement and is the gold standard in determining fracture management.

Management depends on fracture pattern, patient functionality and bone stock. Most patients with proximal humeral fractures achieve good functional outcomes via conservative methods (sling support and early, graded mobilisation), although there is a lack of evidence in certain populations, including younger patients. Surgery is required for open fractures and more complex fracture patterns where there is a risk of avascular necrosis of the humeral head, unacceptable impairment of functionality or neurovascular compromise. Surgical techniques can be head-sparing or involve replacement of the humeral head. There are several head-sparing techniques, each with different cost–benefit and complication profiles with no one technique superior to any other. However, improvements in plate technology may render open reduction internal fixation a more suitable technique, particularly in younger patients. Head replacement techniques (hemiarthroplasty and reverse shoulder arthroplasty) are indicated when the risk of avascular necrosis is too high or in older patients with osteoporotic bone. In these patients, reverse shoulder arthroplasty is preferred as it achieves better functional results than hemiarthroplasty. Complication rates vary depending on the fracture configuration and the course of management undertaken.
Design and experimental study of a polarization imaging optical system for oil spills on sea surfaces
Authors: Fu Qiang , Si Linlin , Liu Jianan , Shi Haodong , Li Yingchao
Published: July 2022

The marine environment is complex and changeable. To meet the urgent needs of accurate detection and identification of oil spills, a visible/infrared dual-band common-aperture polarization imaging optical system based on a defocused plane polarization detector is designed. The optical system is evaluated by ZEMAX simulation software, and we carried out the polarization imaging oil species discrimination experiment based on the split focal plane polarization detector, which proved that for some oil species that cannot be distinguished by intensity information, the polarization information can be distinguished. It verifies the feasibility of polarization detection in the discrimination of marine oil spills, which is of great practical significance in the field of marine oil spill detection.
Fabrication and optical performance research of VO2/SiO2/VO2 composite spherical structure films
Authors: Liang Jiran , Li Xinzhe , Zhang Dequan , Wang Shuangli , Wang Zhaoyang
Published: July 2022

Vanadium dioxide (

V
O

2

) is an ideal thermochromic smart window material for its infrared optical properties accompanied by reversible semiconductor-to-metal phase transition. However, it is still faced with insufficient solar energy modulation efficiency and low luminous transmittance. In order to further improve the thermochromic performance of

V
O

2

thin film, we proposed a

V
O

2

/

S
i
O

2

/

V
O

2

composite spherical structure film composed of a

V
O

2

/

S
i
O

2

microsphere antireflection structure and

V
O

2

single-layer film structure. This composite spherical structure film can form a Fabry–Perot cavity-like structure when

V
O

2

changes to a metal state at high temperature, which can enhance the absorption of near-infrared light. The solar energy modulation efficiency and visible light transmittance were improved simultaneously compared to a single-layer film microsphere structure with the same

V
O

2

thickness. The solar energy modulation efficiency was improved from 3.11% to 7.65% by increasing the difference in transmittance between the semiconductor phase and the metal phase, and the luminous transmittance was enhanced from 51.53% to 57.23% at the optimized top thickness of 25 nm and bottom thickness of 54 nm. This optical study of composite structure film will lay a foundation for the application of

V
O

2

film in thermochromic smart windows.
Cascaded digital–analog radio-over-fiber for efficient SNR scaling at >10 dB per extra bandwidth
Authors: Zhu Yixiao , Xu Yicheng , Hu Weisheng , Zhuge Qunbi
Published: July 2022

Efficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spectral efficiency (SE) trade-off can offer fundamental guiding law for future large-capacity and high-fidelity mobile fronthaul. In this Letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a cascaded digital–analog radio-over-fiber (CDA-RoF) scheme, which transmits digitized and analog segments using time-division-multiplexing aggregation. Specifically, multiple digital parts generated by a rounding function describe the main features of the original waveform, while the residual error is magnified and delivered as analog RoF with SE advantage. Based on a 20-GHz O-band directly modulated laser (DML), an SNR enhancement of >10 dB is observed for each extra bandwidth. Up to 70.4-dB SNR is also achieved for a 3.5-GHz 1048576-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (1048576-QAM) signal after 20-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) transmission.
All digital sliding mode observer of a feedback-free interferometer for high dynamic range detection
Authors: Felão Luiz H. V. , Martin Roberta I. , Martinez Guilherme A. , Sakamoto João M. S. , Teixeira Marcelo C. M. , Kitano Cláudio
Published: July 2022

A passive interferometry phase detection method is presented, which emulates the closed-loop high gain approach technique. This method comprises an all-digital closed-loop observer based on the variable structure and sliding modes nonlinear control theory, able to demodulate the phase of an open-loop feedback-free interferometer hardware. A proof-of-concept experiment is conducted by measuring complex displacements (module and angle) generated by a piezoelectric actuator. The results show that this method simplifies the optical hardware while providing features such as direct detection of the optical phase, increase of the dynamic range, high robustness, and dismissing of the feedback phase modulator and reset circuits.
Modeling and analysis of the fusion strength of single-mode optical fiber in the high altitude environment
Authors: Hu LiWen , Yuan ChaoWei
Published: July 2022

Up to date, there has been no complete theoretical research and no
field experimental reports on the fiber fusion strength in high
altitude environments. Therefore, we have conducted an exploratory
study on the fiber fusion strength at high altitudes, and firstly
analyzed the crack growth characteristics of splicing points, and then
considered the influence of fusion variables and parameters on fusion
strength. A mathematical model to improve the fiber fusion strength in
high altitude environment is established by pondering over the joint
effect of temperature, humidity, oxygen content, atmospheric pressure,
high wind and gravity. Furthermore, we have implemented multiple field
fusion experiments in different altitude areas (53, 2980, 4000, 4200,
4300, 5020 and 5200m). The simulation results are basically consistent
with the theoretical analysis. Ultimately, the method proposed has
been directly used in the splicing projects at high altitudes,
achieving good results.
Mid-infrared resonant light emission from GeSn resonant-cavity surface-emitting LEDs with a lateral p-i-n structure
Authors: Chang Chen-Yang , Yeh Po-Lun , Jheng Yue-Tong , Hsu Lung-Yi , Lee Kuo-Chih , Li Hui , Cheng H. H. , Chang Guo-En
Published: July 2022

We demonstrate room-temperature, mid-infrared resonant electroluminescence from GeSn resonant-cavity LEDs with a lateral p-i-n configuration on a silicon-on-insulator substrate. A vertical cavity to enhance light emission in the GeSn active layer is formed by the low-index buried oxide and deposited

SiO

2

layer. A planar lateral p-i-n diode structure favorable for CMOS-compatible, dense integration was designed and fabricated for current injection. Under continuous-wave electrical injection, room-temperature resonant electroluminescence was successfully observed at

∼
1980
  
nm

with a spectral emission factor of 2.2. These results could pave the way toward efficient electrically injected GeSn light emitters operating at room temperature.
Experimental demonstration of mode-matching and Sagnac effect in a millimeter-scale wedged resonator gyroscope
Authors: Mao Xuan , Yang Hong , Long Dan , Wang Min , Wen Peng-Yu , Hu Yun-Qi , Wang Bo-Yang , Li Gui-Qin , Gao Jian-Cun , Long Gui-Lu
Published: July 2022

The highly efficient coupling of light from conventional optical components to optical mode volumes lies in the heart of chip-based micro-devices, which is determined by the mode-matching between propagation constants of fiber taper and the whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) of the resonator. Optical gyroscopes, typically realized as fiber-optic gyroscopes and ring-laser gyroscopes, have been the mainstay in diverse applications such as positioning and inertial sensing. Here, the mode-matching is theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified. We observe the Sagnac effect in a millimeter-scale wedged resonator gyroscope, which has attracted considerable attention and has been rapidly promoted in recent years. We demonstrate a bidirectional pump and probe scheme, which directly measures the frequency beat caused by the Sagnac effect. We establish the linear response between the detected beat frequency and the rotation velocity. The clockwise and counterclockwise rotation can also be distinguished according to the value of the frequency beat. The experimental results verify the feasibility of developing the gyroscope in a WGM resonator system and pave the way for future development.
Gaze-dependent evidence accumulation predicts multi-alternative risky choice behaviour
Authors: Molter Felix , Thomas Armin W. , Huettel Scott A. , Heekeren Hauke R. , Mohr Peter N. C.
Published: July 2022

Choices are influenced by gaze allocation during deliberation, so that fixating an alternative longer leads to increased probability of choosing it. Gaze-dependent evidence accumulation provides a parsimonious account of choices, response times and gaze-behaviour in many simple decision scenarios. Here, we test whether this framework can also predict more complex context-dependent patterns of choice in a three-alternative risky choice task, where choices and eye movements were subject to attraction and compromise effects. Choices were best described by a gaze-dependent evidence accumulation model, where subjective values of alternatives are discounted while not fixated. Finally, we performed a systematic search over a large model space, allowing us to evaluate the relative contribution of different forms of gaze-dependence and additional mechanisms previously not considered by gaze-dependent accumulation models. Gaze-dependence remained the most important mechanism, but participants with strong attraction effects employed an additional similarity-dependent inhibition mechanism found in other models of multi-alternative multi-attribute choice.
Dioecy and chromosomal sex determination are maintained through allopolyploid speciation in the plant genus Mercurialis
Authors: Toups Melissa A. , Vicoso Beatriz , Pannell John R.
Published: July 2022

Polyploidization may precipitate dramatic changes to the genome, including chromosome rearrangements, gene loss, and changes in gene expression. In dioecious plants, the sex-determining mechanism may also be disrupted by polyploidization, with the potential evolution of hermaphroditism. However, while dioecy appears to have persisted through a ploidy transition in some species, it is unknown whether the newly formed polyploid maintained its sex-determining system uninterrupted, or whether dioecy re-evolved after a period of hermaphroditism. Here, we develop a bioinformatic pipeline using RNA-sequencing data from natural populations to demonstrate that the allopolyploid plantMercurialis canariensisdirectly inherited its sex-determining region from one of its diploid progenitor species,M.annua, and likely remained dioecious through the transition. The sex-determining region ofM.canariensisis smaller than that of its diploid progenitor, suggesting that the non-recombining region ofM.annuaexpanded subsequent to the polyploid origin ofM.canariensis. Homeologous pairs show partial sexual subfunctionalization. We discuss the possibility that gene duplicates created by polyploidization might contribute to resolving sexual antagonism.
Distinct functions of three chromatin remodelers in activator binding and preinitiation complex assembly
Authors: Rawal Yashpal , Qiu Hongfang , Hinnebusch Alan G.
Published: July 2022

The nucleosome remodeling complexes (CRs) SWI/SNF, RSC, and Ino80C cooperate in evicting or repositioning nucleosomes to produce nucleosome depleted regions (NDRs) at the promoters of many yeast genes induced by amino acid starvation. We analyzed mutants depleted of the catalytic subunits of these CRs for binding of transcriptional activator Gcn4 and recruitment of TATA-binding protein (TBP) during preinitiation complex (PIC) assembly. RSC and Ino80 were found to enhance Gcn4 binding to both UAS elements in NDRs upstream of promoters and to unconventional binding sites within nucleosome-occupied coding sequences; and SWI/SNF contributes to UAS binding when RSC is depleted. All three CRs are actively recruited by Gcn4 to most UAS elements and appear to enhance Gcn4 binding by reducing nucleosome occupancies at the binding motifs, indicating a positive regulatory loop. SWI/SNF acts unexpectedly in WT cells to prevent excessive Gcn4 binding at many UAS elements, indicating a dual mode of action that is modulated by the presence of RSC. RSC and SWI/SNF collaborate to enhance TBP recruitment at Gcn4 target genes, together with Ino80C, in a manner associated with nucleosome eviction at the TBP binding sites. Cooperation among the CRs in TBP recruitment is also evident at the highly transcribed ribosomal protein genes, while RSC and Ino80C act more broadly than SWI/SNF at the majority of other constitutively expressed genes to stimulate this step in PIC assembly. Our findings indicate a complex interplay among the CRs in evicting promoter nucleosomes to regulate activator binding and stimulate PIC assembly.
First comprehensive analysis of Aedes aegypti bionomics during an arbovirus outbreak in west Africa: Dengue in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 2016–2017
Authors: Badolo Athanase , Sombié Aboubacar , Yaméogo Félix , Wangrawa Dimitri W. , Sanon Aboubakar , Pignatelli Patricia M. , Sanon Antoine , Viana Mafalda , Kanuka Hirotaka , Weetman David , McCall Philip J.
Published: July 2022

Background

Dengue’s emergence in West Africa was typified by the Burkina Faso outbreaks in 2016 and 2017, the nation’s largest to date. In both years, we undertook three-month surveys of Aedes populations in or near the capital city Ouagadougou, where the outbreaks were centered.

Methodology

In 1200LG (urban), Tabtenga (peri-urban) and Goundry (rural) localities, we collected indoor and outdoor resting mosquito adults, characterized larval habitats and containers producing pupae and reared immature stages to adulthood in the laboratory for identification. All mosquito adults were identified morphologically. Host species (from which bloodmeals were taken) were identified by PCR. Generalized mixed models were used to investigate relationships between adult or larval densities and multiple explanatory variables.

Results

From samples in 1,780 houses, adult Ae. aegypti were significantly more abundant in the two urban localities (Tabtenga and 1200 LG) in both years than in the rural site (Goundry), where Anopheles spp. were far more common. Results from adult collections indicated a highly exophilic and anthropophilic (>90% bloodmeals of human origin) vector population, but with a relatively high proportion of bloodfed females caught inside houses. Habitats producing most pupae were waste tires (37% of total pupae), animal troughs (44%) and large water barrels (30%).

While Stegomyia indices were not reliable indicators of adult mosquito abundance, shared influences on adult and immature stage densities included rainfall and container water level, collection month and container type/purpose. Spatial analysis showed autocorrelation of densities, with a partial overlap in adult and immature stage hotspots.

Conclusion

Results provide an evidence base for the selection of appropriate vector control methods to minimize the risk, frequency and magnitude of future outbreaks in Ouagadougou. An integrated strategy combining community-driven practices, waste disposal and insecticide-based interventions is proposed. The prospects for developing a regional approach to arbovirus control in West Africa or across Africa are discussed.
“Then they prayed, they did nothing else, they just prayed for the boy and he was well”: A qualitative investigation into the perceptions and behaviours surrounding snakebite and its management in rural communities of Kitui county, Kenya
Authors: Wood Leo , Ngari Cecilia , Parkurito Stanley , Barnes Kieran , Otundo Denis , Misiani Daniel Asiago , Kephah Geoffrey Maranga , Trelfa Anna , Olouch George O. , Harrison Robert A. , Tianyi Frank-Leonel
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Human-snake interactions are common in tropical regions where subsistence-farming and livestock-herding activities predominate alongside proliferation of snakes. Local beliefs and perceptions about snakes and snakebites influence human behaviour. Understanding these beliefs and perceptions can inform the development of resources to drive behaviour change and to minimise the risk of injury to both humans and snakes. This qualitative study, conducted between May and July 2019, sought to explore the beliefs and perceptions regarding snakes and snakebites, and methods of prevention and management among members of the community in Kitui County, Kenya.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were used to collect qualitative data from 23 participants, recruited using a stratified purposeful sampling strategy in four selected sub-counties of Kitui county. Interview data was anonymised and coded and a thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo 12.

Results

People from Kitui county mostly had negative perceptions about snakes. There was a generalised awareness of the need to prevent snakebite, predominantly through keeping snakes away from homes/compounds. However, implementation was limited by financial constraints. Participants also identified logistic and financial obstacles to early hospital presentation following a snakebite, and they expressed a strong preference of having their snakebites treated in a hospital over consulting traditional healers. There was a universal recognition of the benefit of early intervention with a specific appreciation of the utility of the black stone. Furthermore, the removal of a snake’s “teeth” was an expected treatment outcome for some community members, with the failure to do so perceived as causing poor wound healing or persistence of symptoms. Some religious groups held views which differed from most participants.

Conclusion

There is a need to explore and clarify common misconceptions about snakes and first aid treatment of snakebites, encourage learning about the true nature of snakes, and highlight beneficial uses of snakes. A change in the epistemological conception of community education material by enhancing the value and use of local forms of knowledge, and the employment of art techniques to transmit this knowledge, could improve community perception and methods of snakebite prevention. Patient expectations should be appropriately managed by discussing possible outcomes, incorporating follow-up visits and addressing long-term complications of snakebites.
Vitamin D and SARS-CoV2 infection, severity and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: D’Ecclesiis Oriana , Gavioli Costanza , Martinoli Chiara , Raimondi Sara , Chiocca Susanna , Miccolo Claudia , Bossi Paolo , Cortinovis Diego , Chiaradonna Ferdinando , Palorini Roberta , Faciotti Federica , Bellerba Federica , Canova Stefania , Jemos Costantino , Salé Emanuela Omodeo , Gaeta Aurora , Zerbato Barbara , Gnagnarella Patrizia , Gandini Sara
Published: July 2022

To assess the evidence on SARS-CoV2 infection and Covid-19 in relation to deficiency and supplementation of vitamin D, we conducted a systematic review up to April 2021. We summarised data from 38 eligible studies, which presented risk estimates for at least one endpoint, including two RCT and 27 cohort-studies: 205565 patients with information on 25OHD status and 2022 taking vitamin D supplementation with a total of 1197 admitted to the ICU or who needed invasive mechanical ventilation or intubation and hospital stay, and more than 910 Covid-19 deaths. Primary outcomes were severity and mortality and the main aim was to evaluate the association with vitamin D supplementation. Random effects models showed that supplementation was associated with a significant lower risk of both Covid-19 severe disease (SRR 0.38, 95% CI 0.20–0.72, 6 studies) and mortality (SRR 0.35, 95% CI 0.17–0.70, 8 studies). There were no statistically significant dose differences between studies: summary estimates with regular doses remain statistically significant, suggesting that higher doses are not necessary. For patients on vitamin D supplementation, a greater reduction in mortality risk emerged in older individuals and at higher latitudes. Regarding the quality of studies, assessed using the New Castle-Ottawa quality scale, the analysis revealed in most cases no statistically significant differences between low, medium or high quality studies. We found significant associations of vitamin D supplementation with Covid-19, encompassing risks of disease worsening and mortality, especially in seasons characterized by 25OHD deficiency and with not severe patients. Dedicated randomized clinical studies are encouraged to confirm these results.
Maintenance of pure hybridogenetic water frog populations: Genotypic variability in progeny of diploid and triploid parents
Authors: Dedukh Dmitrij , Riumin Sergey , Kolenda Krzysztof , Chmielewska Magdalena , Rozenblut-Kościsty Beata , Kaźmierczak Mikołaj , Ogielska Maria , Krasikova Alla
Published: July 2022

An intriguing outcome of hybridisation is the emergence of clonally and hemiclonally reproducing hybrids, that can sustain, reproduce, and lead to the emergence of polyploid forms. However, the maintenance of diploid and polyploid hybrid complexes in natural populations remains unresolved. We selected water frogs from the Pelophylax esculentus complex to study how diploid and triploid hybrids, which reproduce hemiclonally via hybridogenesis, are maintained in natural populations. During gametogenesis in diploid hybrids, one of the parental genomes is eliminated, and the remaining genome is endoreplicated. In triploid hybrids, the single-copy genome is typically eliminated, while genome endoreplication does not occur. To investigate how diploid and triploid hybrid frogs reproduce in populations without parental species, we crossed these hybrid animals from two separate pure hybrid populations located in Poland. Using cytogenetic analysis of tadpoles that emerged from the crosses, we established which gametes were produced by parental hybrids. The majority of hybrid females and hybrid males produced one type of gamete with the P. ridibundus genome. However, in both studied populations, approximately half of the diploid and triploid hybrids simultaneously produced gametes with different genome compositions and ploidy levels, specifically, the P. ridibundus and P. lessonae genomes, as well as diploid gametes with genomes of both parental species. Triploid hybrid males and females mostly produced haploid gametes with the P. lessonae genome; however, gametes with the P. ridibundus genome have also been observed. These results suggest that not all hybrids follow the classical hybridogenetic reproduction program and reveal a significant level of alterations in the gametogenesis pathways. In addition, we found a variable survival rate of particular progeny genotypes when we crossed hybrid females with different males suggesting the important role of postzygotic barriers on the maintenance of pure hybrid systems. We suggest that the observed variability in produced gametes and the different survival rate of the progeny with certain genotypes is crucial for the existence of pure hybrid systems.
Does a smart business environment promote corporate investment? a case study of Hangzhou
Authors: Yin Jing-hua , Song Hai-ying , Zeng Ke-xin
Published: July 2022

As a result of business environment reforms in China’s Hangzou, the cost of business has reduced, the confidence of Hangzhou enterprises has survived the COVID-19 outbreak, and foreign investment continues to increase. Nevertheless, Hangzhou’s business environment has shortcomings, such as insufficient technology, talent, and intelligent infrastructure. Two unresolved questions persist: (i) Has the smart business environment stimulated corporate investment by reducing system costs and boosting corporate confidence? (ii) How do the commercial climate’s shortcomings impact the relationship between the intelligent business environment and business costs/confidence? We examined the impact of a local smart business environment on the corporate investment scale in Hangzhou using factor analysis, cluster analysis, linear regression, and path analyses of data from 297 firm managers. Smart governance improved public administration, financing, and rule of law. The business environment promoted investment by increasing business confidence and decreasing institutional costs. Weak intelligent property protection and legal fairness hindered the positive influence of smart governance on business confidence and system costs. This is the first study combining business environment, smart city, and smart governance concepts to analyze the influence of local smart business environments on business confidence, institutional costs, and investment. Our conclusion on the limitation effect of intelligent business environment on enterprise investment attempts to inspire further research on the intersection of business environments and smart cities. The law of intelligent business environment attracting investment obtained in the context of China, the largest developing country with diversified economic development, is of great significance for other developing countries. Countries can attract investment and promote economic development through intelligent governance. Developing countries should construct smart service platforms, coordinate supervision of public credit, reduce financing constraint, construct a government under the rule of law, improve the quality of land management, and protect intellectual property rights.