bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vt pictura poesis, um engano virtuoso
Authors: Ianinni Vicente de Paulo
Published: April 2015

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é discutir três interpretações correntes do símile horaciano ut pictura poesis, insistindo na recusa de propostas preceptísticas. Além disso, tematiza-se a relação do símile com a tradição ecfrástica na literatura e nas artes espaciais.Palavras-chave: Literatura latina; Horácio; Ars Poetica; ecfrase.Résumé: L’objectif de cet article est de réfléchir sur trois interprétations courantes de la formule de Horace ut pictura poesis, en insistant sur le refus des préceptes. En outre, il s’agit d’étudier le rapport de la formule avec la tradition de l’ekphrasis dans la littérature et les arts.Mots-clés: Littérature latine; Horace; Ars Poetica; ekphrasis.Keywords: Latin literature; Horace; Ars Poetica; ekphrasis.
Considerações metodológicas para um curso de FLE mediado pela internet
Authors: Fonseca Lorena Ribeiro
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Neste artigo, sugere-se uma metodologia subjacente a um curso de FLE assistido pela internet, tendo como ponto de partida uma reflexão teórica a propósito dos elementos metodológicos seguintes: autonomia do aprendiz, avaliação através de portfólio, Internet como suporte conexo.Palavras-chave: Língua francesa; lingüística aplicada; ensino e aprendizagem de língua estrangeira; tecnologia.Résumé: Dans cet article, nous dévelopons une réflexion théorique à propos de trois élements méthodologiques qui pourraient servir de base à un cours de FLE assisté par l’Internet. Les trois composants de la méthodologie comprennent: évaluation du type portfolio, Internet en tant que support connexe ou annexe, autonomie.Mots-clés: Langue française; lingusitique appliquée; enseigment et apprentissage des langues étrangères; technologie.Keywords: French; applied linguistics; foreign language teanching and learning; technology.
"Magma": as origens de Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Cláudio Vieira de
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Leitura de Magma, de Guimarães Rosa, com o objetivo de indicar a presença de temas, fragmentos, personagens, expressões e recursos estilísticos ali existentes, em outros textos do autor, cronologicamente posteriores.Palavras-chave: Literatura brasileira; Guimarães Rosa; Magma.Résumé: Lecture de Magma, de Guimarães Rosa, ayant l’objectif de montrer la présence de quelques sujets, fragments, personnages, expressions et traits stylistiques, que y sont présents, et aussi dans autres textes du même auteur, chronologiquement postérieurs.Mots-clés: Littérature brésilienne; Guimarães Rosa; Magma.Keywords: Brazilian literature; Guimarães Rosa; Magma.
Pour une rhétorique du quotidien dans la littérature québécoise moderne
Authors: Forget Danielle
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Seja sob a forma quase oral dos monólogos de Clémence DesRochers seja na trama narrativa do romance Des Nouvelles d’Édouard, uma retórica do cotidiano se perfila nas obras literárias quebequenses; ela se faz presente a fim de provocar no leitor uma distância crítica. Por figuras de valor textual como o clichê e a ironia, ela oferece assim à reflexão uma transgressão das normas literárias e sugere uma ultrapassagem dos nossos reflexos de interpretação.Palavras-chave: Literatura canadense; língua francesa; Clémence DesRochers; Michel Tremblay; retórica. Résumé: Que ce soit sous la forme quasi-orale des monologues de Clémence DesRochers, ou dans la trame narrative du roman de Michel Tremblay, Des Nouvelles d’Édouard, une rhétorique du quotidien se profile dans les oeuvres littéraires québécoises; elle prend pour toile afin de provoquer chez le lecteur une distance critique. Par des figures à portée textuelle comme le clichê et l’ironie, elle offre alors à la réflexion une transgression des normes littéraires et suggère un dépassement de nos réflexes d’interprétation.Mots-clés: Littérature canadienne; langue française; Clémence DesRochers; Michel Tremblay; rhétorique.Keywords: Canadian literature; French; Clémence DesRochers; Michel Tremblay; rhetoric.
Sobre el español del siglo XVI
Authors: Miranda Félix Bugueño
Published: April 2015

Resumo: No percurso da história do espanhol, o século XVI marca um momento de importância vital para o desenvolvimento dessa língua. Consumada a maioria dos câmbios fonéticos, a língua espanhola experimenta durante o século XVI uma forte contribuição de origens muito diversas (das línguas clássicas, das línguas ameríndias e de outras línguas românicas).Palavras-chave: Língua espanhola; lexicologia; contato lingüístico; lingüística histórica.Resumen: El siglo XVI representa para la historia del español un hito de singular importancia, no sólo por los cambios y fijaciones en sus sistemas gramatical y fonológico, sino que también por las contribuciones léxicas de origen tan diversa que recibe.Palabras-clave: Lengua española; lexicología; contacto lingüístico; lingüística histórica.Keywords: Spanish; lexicology; linguistic contact; historical linguistics.
"CX POSTAL 1500": uma viagem através da história brasileira
Authors: Alexandre Marcos Antônio
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Neste trabalho, realizo uma análise do espetáculo CX Postal 1500, que, ao fazer uma viagem sobre a história brasileira, resgata questionamentos como a presença do outro em nossa cultura, a exploração da raça negra e indígena, bem como da figura da mulher.Palavras-chave: Literatura brasileira; Júlio Maciel; CX Postal 1500; teatro; raça negra; raça indígena; mulher.Resumen: En este trabajo, realizo un análisis del espetáculo CX Postal 1500, que, al hacer um viaje respecto a la historia brasileña, rescata cuestionamentos como la presencia del outro en nuestra cultura, la explotación de la raza negra e indígena, así como de la figura de la mujer.Palabras-clave: Literatura brasileña; Júlio Maciel; CX Postal 1500; teatro; raza negra; raza indígena; mulher.Keywords: Brazilian literature; Júlio Maciel; CX Postal 1500; theater; women.
A personagem proustiana e o cubismo
Authors: Baltor Sabrina Ribeiro
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Marcel Proust era grande conhecedor e amante das artes pláticas. Apresento um estudo sobre a construção dos personagens proustianos em O Caminho de Guermantes por meio das técnicas pictóricas desenvolvidas pelos pintores cubistas. Destaco o método de reprodução de um objeto a partir de vários ângulos de visão, transportado por Proust na descrição de um rosto de um personagem, constituído pelo conjunto de várias imagens desta face textual.Palavras-chave: Literatura francesa; Marcel Proust; O Caminho de Guermantes; cubismo; pintura.Résumé: Marcel Proust était un grand connaisseur et amateur des arts plastiques. Je presente ici une étude sur la construction des personnages proustiens dans Lê Cote de Guermantes au moyen des tecniques picturales des peintres cubistes. Je souligne la méthode de reproduction d’un objet à partir de plusieurs angles de vision, transportée par Proust dans la description du vision d’un personnage, constitué par l’ensemble de quelques images de cette face textuelle.Mots-clés: Littérature française; Marcel Proust; Lê Cote de Guermantes; cubisme; peinture.Keywords: French literature; Marcel Proust; The Guermantes Way; cubism; peinture.
A competência sociolingüística de alunos de espanhol como língua estrangeira em diferentes estágios de proficiência
Authors: Aguiar Lúcia Silva de
Published: April 2015

Resumo: A investigação aqui apresentada tem como objetivo geral identificar a relação entre o grau de proficiência em espanhol (indicada pelo estágio em que o aluno se encontra na instituição pesquisada) e a consciência pragmática na variante enfocada (definida de acordo com o nível de acerto na tarefa proposta). Especificamente, procura-se observar a aquisição do conteúdo pragmático presente no manual didático adotado pelo curso, assim como os tópicos pragmáticos que oferecem maior e menor dificuldade de assimilação por parte dos alunos.Palavras-chave: Língua espanhola; lingüística aplicada; ensino e aprendizagem de língua estrangeira; proficiência; pragmática.Resumen: El objetivo general de este trabajo es establecer una relación entre el grado de proficiencia en español (indicado por el nivel en que el alumno se encuentra en la instituición investigativa) y la conciencia pragmática con respecto a la variante enfocada (definida de acuerdo al nivel de corrección en la tarea propuesta). Especificamente buscamos observar la adquisición del contenido pragmático presente en el manual didático adaptado por el curso, así como los tópicos pragmáticos que resultan en mayores y menores dificuldades de asimilación para el alumno.Palabras-clave: Lengua española; lingüística aplicada; enseñanza y aprendizaje de lengua extranjera; proficiência; pragmática.Keywords: Spanish; applied linguistics; foreign language teaching and learning; proficency; pragmatics.
Blanchot, paradoxo plural
Authors: Vasconcelos Maurí­cio Salles de
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Maurice Blanchot compreende a literatura como um espaço diferencial, paradoxal margem onde o campo do conhecimento é redefinido. Via plural de teoria e narrativa, a escrita blanchotiana estabelece com escritores e filósofos uma conversa infinita, uma outra forma de leitura e saber; concebe um livro por vir.Palavras-chave: Crítica literária; Maurice Blanchot; espaço; filosofia.Résumé: Maurice Blanchot comprend la littérature comme um espace différentiel, paradoxal marge où le champ de la pensée est redefini. Vie plurielle de théorie et narration, l‘écriture blanchotienne établit avec des écrivains et des philosophes um entretien infini, une autre forme de lecture et de; elle conçoit um livre à venir.Mots-clés: Critique littéraire; Maurice Blanchot; espace; philosophie.Keywords: Literary criticism; Maurice Blanchot; space; philosophy.
Le conte dans la classe de FLE
Authors: Nascimento Takiko do
Published: April 2015

Resumo: O conto maravilhoso pode ser utilizado nas aulas de Francês Língua Estrangeira (FLE) como suporte da compreensão e da expressão orais. Texto curto, apresentando uma estória agradável e conhecida, o conto permite a apropriação de estruturas fonéticas, lexicais e gramaticais, ao mesmo tempo em que favorece a interação entre os aprendizesPalavras-chave: Lingüística aplicada; ensino e aprendizagem de língua estrangeira; língua francesa; literatura.Résumé: Le conte peut être utilisé dans les cours de Français Langue Étrangère (FLE) comme support de la compréhension et de l’expression orales. Texte court, présentant une histoire agrpeable et connue, le conte permet l’appropriation de structures phonétiques, lexicales et grammaticales, tout em favorisant l’interaction entre les apprenants.Mots-clés: Linguistique apliquée; enseigment et apprentissage des langues étrangères; langue française; littérature.Keywords: Applied linguistics; foreign language teaching and learning; French; literature.
RAVETTI, Graciela e ARBEX, Márcia (organizadoras). Performance, Exílio, Fronteiras: Errâncias Territoriais e Textuais. Belo Horizonte: Departamento de Letras Românicas, PosLit, FALE/UFMG, 2002.
Authors: Rojo Sara
Published: April 2015

.
La memoria del último exilio español en la escritura de tres mujeres: Victoria Kent, Dolores Ibárruri y Carmen Parga
Authors: Pacheco Bettina
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Este artigo realiza uma breve análise de três obras de testemunhos do exílio escritas por mulheres: Victoria Kent, destacada advogada socialista cromprometida com o governo da República Espanhola; Dolores Ibárruri, a mítica Pasionária; e Carmen Parga, republicana exilada na Rússia e México. As três dão sua visão, a sua maneira e através da escrita, sobre o drama vivido oferecendo sua concepção particular do exílio. Antes de entrar nas obras aludidas, examina-se brevemente as duas concepções sobre a dramática experiência do exilado que Cláudio Guillén reconheceu na escrita dos clássicos: Ovídio e Plutarco.Palavras-chave: Literatura comparada; literatura espanhola; Victoria Kent; Dolores Ibárruri; Carmen Parga; literatura latina; Ovídio; Plutarco; exílio.Resumen: Este artículo realiza um somero análisis de três obras testimoniales del exílio escritas por mujeres: Victoria Kent, destacada abogada socialista comprometida com el gobierno de la República Española; Dolores Ibárruri, la mítica Pasionaria; y Carmen Parga, republicana exiliada en Rusía y México. Las tres dan su visión, a su manera y a través de la escritura, sobre el drama vivido ofreciendo su concepción particular del exílio. Antes de entrar en las obras aludidas, se examina brevemente las dos concepiones sobre la dramática experiencia del exilado que Cláudio Guillén há reconocido em la escritura de dos clássicos: Ovídio y Plutarco.Palabras-clave: Literatura comparada; literatura española; Victoria Kent; Dolores Ibárruri; Carmen Parga; literatura latina; Ovídio; Plutarco; exílio.Keywords: Comparative literature; Spanish literature; Victoria Kent; Dolores Ibárruri; Carmen Parga; latin literature; Ovid; Plutarch; exile.
Sous un mutisme trompeur: le silence qui resonne depuis soixante ans
Authors: Giraud Ana Cláudia Barbosa
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta um estudo dos elementos que compõem a novela Le silence de la mer, de Vercors, considerando sobretudo as relações – reveladas pela narração, pelo espaço e pela ação – que se estabelecem entre os personagens. Desta forma, procuro examinar os meios utilizados pelo autor para evocar circunstâncias representativas das relações humanas durante a Ocupação Alemã (1940-1944) sem negligenciar o caráter imaginário e criativo da obra literária, contemplando – além da circunstância – temas universais que ecoam nesta narrativa sexagenária.Palavras-chave: Literatura francesa; Vercors; Le silence de la mer; história.Résumé: Cet article presente une étude des éléments qui composent la nouvelle Le silence de la mer, de Vercors, en tenant surtout compte des rapports – révelés par la narration, par l’espace et par l’action – qui s’établissent entre les personnages. Ainsi, je cherche à examiner les moyens dont auteur s’est servi pour évoquer des circonstances représentatives des rapports humains pendant l’Occupation Allemande en France (1940-1944) sans négliger le caractère imaginaire et créatif de l’oeuvre littéraire, contemplant – au-delà du circonstanciel – des thèmes universels qui font écho dans ce récit sexagénaire.Mots-clés: Littérature française; Vercors; Le silence de la mer; histoire.Keywords: French literature; Vercors; Le silence de la mer; history.
O narrador solidário de Juan Coytisolo
Authors: Faria Annete de Almeida
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Este artigo se propõe a analisar a construção do narrador de Cuaderno de Sarajevo: anotaciones de un viaje a la barbarie (1993), do escritor espanhol Juan Goytisolo, como expressão estética do seu compromisso ético. Tomamos como referência O narrador de Walter Benjamin para entender o narrador goytisolano como aquele que através das viagens busca o “outro”, elabora um arquivo memorial polifônico, misturando diferentes tipos de linguagem para dar voz às minorias.Palavras-chave: Literatura espanhola; Juan Goytisolo; Cuaderno de Sarajevo: anotaciones de un viaje a la barbarie; Walter Benjamin; O narrador; polifonia.Resumen: El propósito de este artículo consiste en analizar la construcción del narrador de Cuaderno de Sarajevo: anotaciones de un viaje a la barbarie (1993), del escritor español Juan Goytisolo, como expresión estética de su compromisso ético. Tomamos como base el ensayo El narrador, de Walter Benjamin, para comprender al narrador goytisolano como el que viaja en busca del “oro” (otredad) para componer un archivo memorial polifónico, mezclando diferentes tipos de lenguaje para dar voz a las minorías.Palabras-clave: Literatura española; Juan Goytisolo; Cuaderno de Sarajevo: anotaciones de un viaje a la barbarie; Walter Benjamin; El narrador; polifonía.Keywords: Spanish literature; Juan Goytisolo; Cuaderno de Sarajevo: anotaciones de un viaje a la barbarie; Walter Benjamin; El narrador; poliphony.
Repensando Nossosnuestrosmitos: Primer Estudio
Authors: D'arc Jane , Alexandre Marcos Antônio , Rojo Sara
Published: April 2015

El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre el proceso de producción y recepciôn del montaje del grupo de Teatro Hispânico Mayombe: Nossosnuestrosmitos - Primer Estudío, propuesta escénica que se propone hacer una relectura de los mitos precolombinos y africanos en diálogo con la mitología grecorromana en tanto formadores de la cultura hispanoamericana.O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre o processo de produção e recepção da montagem do grupo de Teatro Hispânico Mayombe: Nossosnuestrosmitos - Primeiro Estudo, proposta cênica que se propõe a realizar uma leitura dos mitos pré-colombianos e africanos enquanto formadores da cultura hispano-americana.
Aspectos fenomenológicos do conceito de rede: o Aleph, ubiqüidades
Authors: Zumpano Antonio , Silveira José Carlos Cavalheiro da , Oliveira Marco Antônio de , Pereira Maria Antonieta
Published: April 2015

Resumo: O artigo analisa o conceito de infinito na literatura de Jorge Luis Borges. Mostra como a literatura é capaz de tecer uma malha relacional criando situações para que conceitos oriundos de vários saberes possam ser aprendidos. Palavras-chave: Literatura argentina; Jorge Luis Borges; matemática; infinito.Resumen: El artículo analiza el concepto del  infinito en la literatura de Jorge Luis Borges. Demuestra como la literatura es capaz de tejer una malla relacional creando situaciones para que conceptos venidos de varios saberes puedan ser aprehendidos.Palabras-clave: Literatura argentina; Jorge Luis Borges; matemática; infinito.Keywords: Argentinian literature; Jorge Luis Borges; mathematics; infinity.
“Pax et Treuga” dans les «Usages de Barcelone» et dans le «Miroir des Saxons» (XIIIe siècle)
Authors: Gergen Thomas
Published: April 2015

Resumo: A paz de Deus e a trégua de Deus constituíram objeto de recepção textual de numerosas fontes jurídicas medievais, principalmente os Usos de Barcelona (Usatges de Barcelona) e o Espelho dos saxões (Sachsenspiegel). Pax (no sentido de paz permanente) e treuga (no sentido de paz limitada a determinados dias) sobreviveram, pois, em grandes compilações de direito canônico e aos glossadores, fazendo o papel de elo entre a legislação da paz e as compilações do direito consuetudinário, que a distinção entre pax e treuga pôde ser mantida na Idade Média.Palavras-chave: Direito; literatura catalã; Usos de Barcelona; literatura alemã; Espelho dos saxões; paz; trégua.Résumé: La paix de Dieu et la trêve de Dieu furent l’objet d’une réception textuelle par de nombreuses sources juridiques médiévales dont notamment les Usages de Barelone (Usatges de Barcelona) ainsi que le Miroir des Saxons (Sachsenspiegel). Pax (dans le sens de paix permanente) et treuga (dans le sens de paix limitée à certains jours) ont donc survécu dans les grandes compilations du droit coutumier et dans la famille du droit roman et dans celle du droit canonique et aux glossateurs, jouant le rôle de lien entre la législation de la paix et les compilations du droit coutumier, que la distinction entre pax et treuga a pu se maintenir au Moyen Âge.Mots-clés: Droit; littérature catalanne; Usages de Barcelona; littérature allemande; Miroir des saxons; paix; trêve.Keywords: Law; Catalan literature; Usatges de Barcelona; German literature; Sachsenspiegel; peace; truce.
O quadro de contrato comunicacional de Patrick Charaudeau e o texto literário
Authors: Mello Renato de
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Este texto tem o objetivo de refletir sobre o quadro do contrato comunicacional de Patrick Charaudeau e sua aplicação no texto literário. Para Charaudeau (1984), uma aplicação no texto do discurso não pode privar-se de uma definição de sujeito da linguagem. Na troca linguageira, os sujeitos se constituem como comunicante, enunciador, destinatário e interpretante. O uso da Teoria Semiolingüística e do quadro comunicacional em textos literários se justifica por se acreditar que eles sejam capazes de dar conta do texto ficcional e por ajudar a esclarecer pontos complexos na estrutura do texto, nas instâncias enunciativas que compõem o texto literário.
O estranho, o estranhamento e o estrangeiro em Monique Proulx e Clarice Lispector
Authors: Coelho Haydée Ribeiro
Published: April 2015

Resumo:  Esse texto aborda o estranho, o estranhamento e o estrangeiro a partir de alguns contos da literatura do Québec (Les aurores montréales, de Monique Proulx) e de outras narrativas, de Clarice Lispector. Para desenvolver o tema, serão focalizados: o insulamento feminino e a descoberta do “eu”; a adolescência e a experiência do estranho; e, finalmente, o olhar do estrangeiro e o sentimento de ser estrangeiro/estrangeira.Palavras-chave: Literatura comparada; literatura canadense; Monique Proulx; literatura brasileira; Clarice Lispector; estranhamento.Résumé: Ce texte aborde l’étrange, l’étrangeté à partir des quelques nouvelles de la littérature du Québec (Les aurores montréales, de Monique Proulx) et d’autres récits, de Clarice Lispector. Pour développer le thème, les aspects suivants seront priveligiés: l’isolement féminin et la découverte du “moi”; l’enfance, l’adolescence et l’expérience de l’étrangeté; et, finalment, le regard de l’étranger et le sentiment d’être étranger/étrangère.Mots-clés: Littérature comparée; littérature canadienne; Monique Proulx; littérature brésilienne; Clarice Lispector; étrangeté.Keywords: Comparative literature; Canadian literature; Monique Proulx; Brazilian literature; Clarice Lispector; estrangement.
Les femmes aux travaux d’aiguille: un topos littéraire?
Authors: Cunha Viviane
Published: April 2015

Resumo: O artigo apresenta um estudo do topos da tecedeira/fiandeira no universo das artes visuais e na literatura abordando sobretudo o da literatura grega e o do lirismo medieval. O corpus de análise é constituído da Odisséia no que concerne ao universo clássico, do romance Philomena (Chrétien de Troyes) e da epopéia Berte as grans piés (Adenet le Roi) no que concerne aos textos medievais. Procura-se assim apresentar essas figuras emblemáticas através da história e numa perspectiva interdisciplinar.Palavras-chave: Literatura comparada; literatura grega; Homero; Odisséia; literatura francesa; Chrétien de Troyes; Philomena; Adenet le Roi; Berte as grans piés; mulher; tecedeira; fiandeira.Résumé: L’article présente une étude du topos de la tisseuse/fileuse dans l’univers des arts visuels et dans la littérature en approchant surtout celui de la poésie grecque et celui du lyrisme medieval. Le corpus d’analyse se constitue de l’Odyssée en ce qui concerne l’univers classique, du roman Philomena (Chrétien de Troyes) et de l’épopée Berte as grans piés (Adenet Le Roi) en ce qui concerne les textes médiévaux. On cherche ainsi à présenter ces figures emblématiques à travers l’histoire et dans une perspective interdisciplinaire.Mots-clés: Littérature comparée; littérature grecque; Homère; Odyssée; littérature française; Chrétien de Troyes; Philomena; Adenet le Roi; Berte as grans piés; femme; tisseuse; fileuse.Keywords: Comparative literature; Greek literatura; Homer; Odyssey; French literature; Chrétien de Troyes; Philomena; Adenet le Roi; Berte as grans piés; women; weaver; spinner.
Boris Vian, un précurseur de l’OULIPO
Authors: Leão Beatriz Vaz
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo definir em que consiste o OULIPO, e, em seguida, mostrar por qual razão podemos considerar Boris Vian como um precursor desse grupo literário. Para isto, partimos da obra L’arrache-coeur onde procuramos mostrar o trabalho que Boris Vian faz com a linguagem.Palavras-chave: Literatura francesa; Boris Vian; L’arrache-coeur; OULIPO.Résumé: Ce travail a pour but de définir ce que l’on appelle OULIPO et, par la suit, de montrer pourquoi Boris Vian peut être consideré comme um précurseur de ce groupe littéraire. Pour ce faire, nous prendrons comme exemple son oeuvre L’arrache-coeur où nous chercherons à montrer le travail qu’il fait du point de vue du langage.Mots-clés: Littérature française; Boris Vian; L’arrache-coeur; OULIPO.Keywords: French literature; Boris Vian; L’arrache-coeur; OULIPO.
Dramaturgies contemporaines: "Croisades" de Michel Azama et le processus de traduction
Authors: Bahia Márcio , Barros Maria Lúcia Jacob de
Published: April 2015

Resumo: Na dramaturgia contemporânea francesa, a obra de Michel Azama nos parece exemplar em termos de modernidade tanto do ponto de vista temático quanto da escritura. Apresentaremos aqui certas dificuldades encontradas na tradução de sua peça Croisades, na passagem do francês para o português, e as “soluções” propostas para tentar conservar as particularidades dessa escritura.Palavras-chave: Literatura francesa; Michel Azama; Croisades; tradução; teatro.Résumé: Dans la dramaturgie fraçaise contemporaine, l’oeuvre de Michel Azama nous semble exemplaire en termes de modernité du point de vue des thèmes aussi bien qu de l’écriture. Nous présenterons ici certaindes difficultés rencontrées dans la traduction de sa pièce Croisades, dans le passage du français au portugais et les “solutions” proposées pour essayer de garder les particularités de cette écriture.Mots-clés: Littérature française; Michel Azama; Croisades; traduction; théatre.Keywords: French literature; Michel Azama; Croisades; translation; theater.
Algunos aspectos sobre la temporalidad y aspecto verbal en español
Authors: Esteves Ana Lúcia
Published: April 2015

Resumo: No presente trabalho, a categoria temporalidade verbal é apresentada como um instrumento imprescindível e teoricamente adequado para a análise do paradigma verbal no espanhol, partindo-se da constatação de que os problemas que envolvem a noção de tempo verbal são verdadeiramente complexos, sobretudo se levarmos em conta as operações de natureza conceitual que os falantes nativos e os aprendizes do espanhol como língua estrangeira têm que efetuar para organizar e compreender as relações temporais no âmbito do sistema verbal.Palavras-chave: Língua espanhola; morfologia; verbo; aspecto; tempo.Resumen: El presente trabajo presenta la categoria temporalidad verbal como una herramienta imprescindible y teoricamente adecuada a los propósitos de análisis del paradigma verbal en español, vinculándola con la cuestión del aspecto, y partiendo de la constatación de que los problemas que plantea la noción de tiempo verbal son notablemente complejos, sobre todo si se tienen en cuenta las operaciones conceptuales que los usuários del español como lengua extranjera tienen que efectuar para organizar y comprender las relaciones temporales en el sistema verbal.Palabras-clave: Lengua española; morfología; verbo; aspecto; tiempo.Keywords: Spanish; morphology; verb; aspect; time.
Metabolic theory explains latitudinal variation in common carp populations and predicts responses to climate change
Authors: Weber Michael J. , Brown Michael L. , Wahl David H. , Shoup Daniel E.
Published: April 2015

Climate change is expected to alter temperature regimes experienced by fishes, which may also alter life history traits. However, predicting population‐level responses to climate change has been difficult. Metabolic theory of ecology has been developed to explain how metabolism controls a variety of ecological processes, including life history attributes. Thus, this theory may be a useful tool for predicting fish population responses to climate change. To understand how climate change may alter freshwater fish life history, we measured population characteristics (e.g., recruitment, growth, body size, and mortality) of 21 North American common carp Cyprinus carpio populations spanning a latitudinal gradient of >2,700 km. We then evaluated (1) how metabolic rates vary with body size and temperature (i.e., metabolic theory of ecology) to interpret latitudinal patterns in life history traits and (2) how predicted increases in annual temperature as a result of climate change may alter metabolism and population characteristics. Common carp growth and mortality decreased whereas fish size and age increased with increasing latitude. Common carp growth rate was 22% faster but mortality was 31% higher for the most southern population compared to the most northern population. Incorporating latitudinal population patterns into metabolic theory of ecology models explained substantial variation in mortality and longevity among populations and suggested that metabolism will increase with temperature according to three global warming scenarios. The greatest metabolic increase occurred at the largest predicted increase in temperature and metabolism increased more for southern populations compared to northern populations. Combined, our findings suggest common carp and other fishes may experience increased growth and metabolic demands but populations may attain smaller body size due to higher mortality in response to climate change.
Modeling the costs and benefits of seed scatterhoarding to plants
Authors: Xiao Zhishu , Krebs Charles J.
Published: April 2015

Many plants interact with scatterhoarding animals as mutualists (seed dispersers) and antagonists (seed predators) simultaneously, but the net effects of scatterhoarding animals are rarely measured. In seed‐dispersal mutualisms, plant benefits (recruitment) received from dispersal agents should outweigh the costs, resulting in a relative fitness gain. Otherwise, plant populations cannot be sustained and would go extinct. Here we present a framework to quantify costs and benefits of scatterhoarding for animal‐dispersed plants and propose three models with the three separate scales (seed, tree and population) to quantify the costs and benefits for plants from scatterhoarding rodents. Since scatterhoarding is an adaptive dispersal strategy for many large‐seeded plants, tree‐ and population‐based models are needed to determine the costs and benefits for the plants. In the models presented here, all relevant parameters can be measured by regular surveys. Our tree‐ and population‐based models can be extended to seed plants that have dispersal agents other than scatter hoarding rodents.
Evaluation of method for phthalate extraction from milk related to milk dilution ratio
Authors: Milojkovic Danica , Andjelkovic Darko , Kocic Gordana , Andjelkovic Tatjana
Published: April 2015

Liquid-liquid extraction techniques were compared coupled with gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), for the extraction and the
determination of four phthalates: dimethyl phthalate (DMP), di-n-butyl
phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
(DEHP) in six different kinds of milk-based samples. Extraction factors:
sample preparation, organic solvent type and volume, salt effect, agitation
and the extraction time were optimized. The ion of base peaks (m/z 149 for
DBP, BBP and DEHP and m/z 163 for DMP) for investigated phthalates were
selected for the screening studies. The acquisition was performed at the
selected ion monitoring mode. The MSD response for GC-MS phthalate
calibration standards was linear between 0.25 and 2.50 ?g mL-1 with
calculated LODs between 0.01 ?g mL-1 to 0.04 ?g mL-1 and LOQs of 0.05 ?g mL-1
to 0.12 ?g mL-1, while repeatability was between 1.7 % to 4.9 % RSD. The
study demonstrated an increase of the recovery of less polar phthalates in
matrix milk standards by matrix dilution. Recovery for hydrophilic
phthalates, like DMP, was not changed by matrix dilution and it was
continuously low for the investigated method. Two spiking levels were tested
for influence of matrix dilution on phthalate recovery, showed the same
trend.
Temperature dependent effect of difenoconazole on enzymatic activity from the soil
Authors: Filimon Marioara , Voia Sorin , Vladoiu Diana , Isvoran Adriana , Ostafe Vasile
Published: April 2015

The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of difenoconazole (DFC)
on the activity of a few enzymes commonly found on soil: dehydrogenase,
urease, phosphatase and protease. Three experimental variants were
established: in field conditions with variable temperature (10-21 ?C,
variants A1-A3), under laboratory conditions with constant temperature (30
?C, variants B1-B3) and untreated soil (C variant). The commercial product
"Score 250EC" with 250 g DFC L-1 was used at the following concentrations:
0.037 mg DFC g-1 soil (variants A1 and B1), 0.075 mg DFC g-1 soil (variants
A2 and B2) and 0.150 mg DFC g-1 soil (variants A3 and B3). The dehydrogenase,
phosphatase and urease activities decreased significantly (p<0.05) both under
filed (variants A1-A3) and laboratory (variants B1-B3) conditions compared to
untreated soil (variant C). The protease activity was reduced in variants
A1-A3 compared to variant C and increased at the dose of 0.150 mg DFC g-1
soil in the variant B3.
Maturity-Related Differences in Moderate, Vigorous, and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity in 10–14-Year-Old Boys
Authors: Lätt Evelin , Mäestu Jarek , Rääsk Triin , Purge Priit , Jürimäe Toivo , Jürimäe Jaak
Published: April 2015

The goal of this study was to investigate differences in physical activity (PA) levels between early, average, and late maturing boys and the effect of chronological age, body mass index, and fat mass. PA was measured by accelerometry in 10–14-yr.-old boys ( N = 265) during seven consecutive days. Biological maturation groups (early, average, and late) were created. Average and late maturing boys had significantly higher moderate PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA compared to early maturing boys. Late maturers also had higher vigorous PA compared to early maturers. Differences in moderate PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA remained significant after controlling for chronological age; however, after controlling for Body Mass Index or fat mass the differences were no longer significant. Mean differences in PA between early, average, and late maturing boys are not independent of Body Mass Index or fat mass. Vigorous PA differences between maturity groups were not independent of chronological age.
The Aggressive Behavior of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities is Not Affected by a Full Moon: A 17-Year Study
Authors: Smith Stu
Published: April 2015

Due to past inconsistent results of research concerned with a possible full moon effect on the behavior of individuals with intellectual disabilities, a longer-term study was conducted. Over 17 years, no relationship was found between 210 days with full moons and 12, 200 incidents of aggression that were dangerous enough to require intense physical restraint. Furthermore, and contrary to such an effect, percentage of restraint-free days was not lower during the full moon. There was less aggression and restraint during weekends and some holidays with full moons. Results suggested that a stronger social versus geophysical process might be related to past positive findings of a lunar effect and that weekend and holiday periods need to be considered as potential confounding variables. Because of the negative stereotypes associated with the full moon and unusual behavior, it is imperative that studies that find this relationship be replicated.
Familiarity Transfer as an Explanation of the Déjà Vu Effect
Authors: Małecki M.
Published: April 2015

Déjà vu is often explained in terms of an unconscious transfer of familiarity between a familiar object or objects and accompanying new objects. However, empirical research tests more the priming effectiveness than such a transfer. This paper reviews the main explanations of déjà vu, proposes a cognitive model of the phenomenon, and tests its six major assumptions. The model states that a sense of familiarity can be felt toward an objectively new stimulus (point 1) and that it can be transferred from a known stimulus to a novel one (point 2) in a situation where the person is unaware of such a transfer (point 3). The criteria for déjà vu are that the known and the novel stimuli may have graphical or semantic similarity, but differences exclude priming explanations (point 4); the familiarity measure should be of an non-rational nature (sense of familiarity rather than recognition; point 5); and that the feeling of familiarity toward a novel stimuli produces a conflict, which could be measured by means of increased reaction (point 6). 119 participants were tested in three experiments. The participants were to assess the novel stimuli in terms of their sense of familiarity. The novel stimuli were primed or were not primed by the known stimulus (Exp. 1) or primed by the known vs a novel stimulus (Exp. 2 and 3). The priming was subliminal in all the experiments. Reaction times were measured in Exps. 2 and 3. The participants assessed the novel stimuli as more familiar when they were preceded by a known stimulus than when they were not (Exp. 1) or when they were preceded by a novel stimulus (Exps. 2 and 3). Reaction times were longer for assessments preceded by known stimulus than for assessments preceded by a novel stimulus, which contradicts the priming explanations. The results seem to support all six points of the proposed model of the mechanisms underlying the déjà vu experience.
Best-fit model of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the 2010 Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination Part I clinical decision-making cases
Authors: Champlain André F.
Published: April 2015

Purpose: This study aims to assess the fit of a number of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis models to the 2010 Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination Part I (MCCQE1) clinical decision-making (CDM) cases. The outcomes of this study have important implications for a range of domains, including scoring and test development. Methods: The examinees included all first-time Canadian medical graduates and international medical graduates who took the MCCQE1 in spring or fall 2010. The fit of one- to five-factor exploratory models was assessed for the item response matrix of the 2010 CDM cases. Five confirmatory factor analytic models were also examined with the same CDM response matrix. The structural equation modeling software program Mplus was used for all analyses. Results: Out of the five exploratory factor analytic models that were evaluated, a three-factor model provided the best fit. Factor 1 loaded on three medicine cases, two obstetrics and gynecology cases, and two orthopedic surgery cases. Factor 2 corresponded to pediatrics, and the third factor loaded on psychiatry cases. Among the five confirmatory factor analysis models examined in this study, three- and four-factor lifespan period models and the five-factor discipline models provided the best fit. Conclusion: The results suggest that knowledge of broad disciplinary domains best account for performance on CDM cases. In test development, particular effort should be placed on developing CDM cases according to broad discipline and patient age domains; CDM testlets should be assembled largely using the criteria of discipline and age.
Visualizing the qualitative: making sense of written comments from an evaluative satisfaction survey
Authors: Bletzer Keith V.
Published: April 2015

Purpose: Satisfaction surveys are common in the field of health education, as a means of assisting organizations to improve the appropriateness of training materials and the effectiveness of facilitation-presentation. Data can be qualitative of which analysis often become specialized. This technical article aims to reveal whether qualitative survey results can be visualized by presenting them as a Word Cloud. Methods: Qualitative materials in the form of written comments on an agency-specific satisfaction survey were coded and quantified. The resulting quantitative data were used to convert comments into “input terms” to generate Word Clouds to increase comprehension and accessibility through visualization of the written responses. Results: A three-tier display incorporated a Word Cloud at the top, followed by the corresponding frequency table, and a textual summary of the qualitative data represented by the Word Cloud imagery. This mixed format adheres to recognition that people vary in what format is most effective for assimilating new information. Conclusion: The combination of visual representation through Word Clouds complemented by quantified qualitative materials is one means of increasing comprehensibility for a range of stakeholders, who might not be familiar with numerical tables or statistical analyses.
Cross-platform digital assessment forms for evaluating surgical skills
Authors: Andersen Steven Arild Wuyts
Published: April 2015

A variety of structured assessment tools for use in surgical training have been reported, but extant assessment tools often employ paper-based rating forms. Digital assessment forms for evaluating surgical skills could potentially offer advantages over paper-based forms, especially in complex assessment situations. In this paper, we report on the development of cross-platform digital assessment forms for use with multiple raters in order to facilitate the automatic processing of surgical skills assessments that include structured ratings. The FileMaker 13 platform was used to create a database containing the digital assessment forms, because this software has cross-platform functionality on both desktop computers and handheld devices. The database is hosted online, and the rating forms can therefore also be accessed through most modern web browsers. Cross-platform digital assessment forms were developed for the rating of surgical skills. The database platform used in this study was reasonably priced, intuitive for the user, and flexible. The forms have been provided online as free downloads that may serve as the basis for further development or as inspiration for future efforts. In conclusion, digital assessment forms can be used for the structured rating of surgical skills and have the potential to be especially useful in complex assessment situations with multiple raters, repeated assessments in various times and locations, and situations requiring substantial subsequent data processing or complex score calculations.
A Clustering Algorithm based on Feature Weighting Fuzzy Compactness and Separation
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Zuo Hong-fu , Feng Jiao
Published: April 2015

Aiming at improving the well-known fuzzy compactness and separation algorithm (FCS), this paper proposes a new clustering algorithm based on feature weighting fuzzy compactness and separation (WFCS). In view of the contribution of features to clustering, the proposed algorithm introduces the feature weighting into the objective function. We first formulate the membership and feature weighting, and analyze the membership of data points falling on the crisp boundary, then give the adjustment strategy. The proposed WFCS is validated both on simulated dataset and real dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed WFCS has the characteristics of hard clustering and fuzzy clustering, and outperforms many existing clustering algorithms with respect to three metrics: Rand Index, Xie-Beni Index and Within-Between(WB) Index.
Cyclopropanation of 5-(1-Bromo-2-phenyl-vinyl)-3-methyl-4-nitro-isoxazoles under Phase Transfer Catalysis (PTC) Conditions
Authors: Piras Linda , Moccia Maria , Cortigiani Mauro , Adamo Mauro
Published: April 2015

Heavily substituted cyclopropane esters were prepared in high yields, complete diastereoselection and average (up to 58%) enantioselectivity. The reaction described herein entailed reacting 4-nitro-5-bromostyrylisoxazoles, a class of powerful Michael acceptors with malonate esters under the catalysis of 5 mol% of a chincona derived phase-transfer catalyst.
High-Speed Spindle Fault Diagnosis with the Empirical Mode Decomposition and Multiscale Entropy Method
Authors: Hsieh Nan-Kai , Lin Wei-Yen , Young Hong-Tsu
Published: April 2015

The root mean square (RMS) value of a vibration signal is an important indicator used to represent the amplitude of vibrations in evaluating the quality of high-speed spindles. However, RMS is unable to detect a number of common fault characteristics that occur prior to bearing failure. Extending the operational life and quality of spindles requires reliable fault diagnosis techniques for the analysis of vibration signals from three axes. This study used empirical mode decomposition to decompose signals into intrinsic mode functions containing a zero-crossing rate and energy to represent the characteristics of rotating elements. The MSE curve was then used to identify a number of characteristic defects. The purpose of this research was to obtain vibration signals along three axes with the aim of extending the operational life of devices included in the product line of an actual spindle manufacturing company.
Detecting Location Shifts during Model Selection by Step-Indicator Saturation
Authors: Castle Jennifer , Doornik Jurgen , Hendry David , Pretis Felix
Published: April 2015

To capture location shifts in the context of model selection, we propose selecting significant step indicators from a saturating set added to the union of all of the candidate variables. The null retention frequency and approximate non-centrality of a selection test are derived using a ‘split-half’ analysis, the simplest specialization of a multiple-path block-search algorithm. Monte Carlo simulations, extended to sequential reduction, confirm the accuracy of nominal significance levels under the null and show retentions when location shifts occur, improving the non-null retention frequency compared to the corresponding impulse-indicator saturation (IIS)-based method and the lasso.
Combined Effect of Pressure-Assisted Thermal Processing and Antioxidants on the Retention of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Milk
Authors: Martinez-Monteagudo Sergio , Saldaña Marleny
Published: April 2015

The effect of pressure-assisted thermal processing (PATP) in combination with seven synthetic antioxidants was evaluated on the retention of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in enriched milk. Milk rich in CLA was first saturated with oxygen, followed by the addition of either catechin, cysteine, ascorbic acid, tannic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid or p-coumaric acid (500 mg kg−1 untreated milk). Samples were treated at 600 MPa and 120 °C up to 15 min of holding time. During PATP, CLA not only oxidized at a slower rate, but also less oxygen was consumed compared to the control (0.1 MPa and 120 °C). In addition, phenolic antioxidants were able to quench dissolved oxygen in samples treated with PATP. For those samples added with gallic acid and catechin, 85% and 75% of the CLA was retained after 15 min of holding time at 600 MPa and 120 °C, respectively. The retention of CLA was enhanced by the application of PATP in combination with gallic acid.
Screening for Mutations in ABCC8 and KCNJ11 Genes in Saudi Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy (PHHI) Patients
Authors: Adi Ahmad , Abbas Bassam , Hamed Mohamed , Tassan Nada , Bakheet Dana
Published: April 2015

The autosomal recessive form of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) is associated with mutations in either ABCC8 or KCNJ11 genes. In the present study, we describe the clinical features and results of genetic analysis of 13 Saudi Arabian patients with PHHI. Clinically, most patients presented with infantile seizures and/or developmental delay, with a subset of patients who were also found to have abnormal brain imaging and electrophysiological studies. Interestingly no coding pathogenic mutations were identified in these two genes by direct sequencing. However, two splice variants were identified in ABCC8 gene in two patients, and a large deletion of exons 1-22 of the ABCC8 gene was identified in three patients. Our data shows that large deletions in ABCC8 gene are the common genetic mechanism in the Saudi population.