bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dealing with Local Tsunami on Pakistan Coast
Authors: Naeem Ghazala
Published: June 2020

Tsunami originating from a local source can arrive at Pakistan coastline within minutes. In the absence of a comprehensive and well-coordinated management plan, the fast-approaching tsunami might wreak havoc on the coast. To combat such a threat, a wide range of short- and long-term mitigation measures are needed to be taken by several government and private sector organizations as well as security agencies. Around 1000-km coastline is divided administratively into two provinces of Baluchistan and Sindh and further into seven districts. Most of the coastal communities were severely affected by an earthquake of magnitude 8+ on 28 November 1945 followed by a devastating tsunami. In contrast to the level of posed hazard and multiple-fold increase in vulnerabilities since then, the risk mitigation efforts are trivial and least coordinated. It is important to provide stakeholders with a set of prerequisite information and guidelines on standardized format to develop their organizational strategies and course of action for earthquake and tsunami risk mitigation in a well-coordinated manner, from local to the national level.
Caries Experience and Oral Disorders of Disabled Children
Authors: Kuter Berna
Published: June 2020

Dental caries is a major health problem for disabled children. These special children have chronic diseases; oral disorders; and physical, mental, behavioral, and cognitive impairments; and sensual disorders. They have higher and more severe oral disorders than healthy children, and the majority of these children have poor oral hygiene with high caries prevalence and gingivitis. These special children suffer from oral disease, especially in terms of periodontal disease, oral mucosal pathology, and malocclusion. Parents and caregivers must be educated and encouraged regarding these special children’s dental care and tooth brushing. The dentist should know more information about these special children and should be more careful during treatment. Pediatric dentists must take care of special attention to the oral healthcare of these special children and help them to have healthy smiles.
An LTE-Direct-Based Communication System for Safety Services in Vehicular Networks
Authors: Kumar Gupta Shashank , Yusuf Khan Jamil , Trong Ngo Duy
Published: June 2020

With the expected introduction of fully autonomous vehicles, the long-term evolution (LTE)-based vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networking approach is gaining a lot of industry attention, to develop new strategies to enhance safety and telematics features. The vehicular and wireless industries are currently considering the development of an LTE-based system, which may co-exist, with the IEEE 802.11p-based systems for some time. In light of the above fact, our objective is to investigate the development of LTE Proximity Service (ProSe)-based V2X architecture for time-critical vehicular safety applications in an efficient and cost-effective manner. In this chapter, we present a new cluster-based LTE sidelink-based vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) multicast/broadcast architecture to satisfy the latency and reliability requirements of V2V safety applications. Our proposed architecture combines a new ProSe discovery mechanism for sidelink peer discovery and a cluster-based round-robin scheduling technique to distribute the sidelink radio resources among the cluster members. Utilizing an OMNET++ based simulation model, the performance of the proposed network architecture is examined. Results of the simulation show that the proposed algorithms diminish the end-to-end delay and overhead signaling as well as improve the data packet delivery ratio (DPDR) compared with the existing 3GPP ProSe vehicle safety application technique.
The Paradox of Indonesian Digital Economy Development
Authors: Mutiara Rumata Vience , Sasongko Sastrosubroto Ashwin
Published: June 2020

In line with the rapid growth of the global e-commerce industry today, Indonesia has enormous digital economic potential in the future. The Indonesian government is focusing on developing the digital economy by increasing the connectivity infrastructures as well as the local market. Nevertheless, there are some paradoxes caused by the existing regulations. This paper elaborates on the paradox of digital economy development in Indonesia. By using a mainstream-approach policy analysis method, this study describes the problematic situation of Indonesian digital economy governance. This is a qualitative study where the primary data derive from mostly statutes, government official documents, as well as reports. The discussion consists of (1) e-commerce: the main driver of Indonesian Digital Economy; (2) Indonesian Digital Regulatory Framework and Challenges; and (3) The Paradoxes of Indonesian Digital Economy. Due to various sectors of the digital economy, the discussion focuses on the e-commerce sector.
High-Temperature Polyimide Dielectric Materials for Energy Storage
Authors: Zha Jun-Wei , Liu Xue-Jie , Tian Yaya , Dang Zhi-Min , Chen George
Published: June 2020

The availability of high-temperature dielectrics is key to develop advanced electronics and power systems that operate under extreme environmental conditions. In the past few years, many improvements have been made and many exciting developments have taken place. However, currently available candidate materials and methods still do not meet the applicable standards. Polyimide (PI) was found to be the preferred choice for high-temperature dielectric films development due to its thermal stability, dielectric properties, and flexibility. However, it has disadvantages such as a relatively low dielectric permittivity. This chapter presents an overview of recent progress on PI dielectric materials for high-temperature capacitive energy storage applications. In this way, a new molecular design of the skeleton structure of PI should be performed to balance size and thermal stability and to optimize energy storage property for high-temperature application. The improved performance can be generated via incorporation of inorganic units into polymers to form organic-inorganic hybrid and composite structures.
Use of Computed Tomography and Thermography for the Diagnosis of Respiratory Disorders in Adult Sheep
Authors: Miguel Ferrer Luis , José Ramos Juan , Castells Enrique , Ruíz Héctor , Climent María , Lacasta Delia
Published: June 2020

Respiratory diseases are one of the main causes of death and economic losses in sheep farming. The prevention and treatment of these diseases must be based on a correct diagnosis, which improves the results of health plans and optimizes the responsible use of medicines. Diagnostic imaging techniques are important working tools to diagnose this kind of disorders but have not always been sufficiently used in sheep. X-ray, although widely used in small animals, is not a valuable tool in field conditions. Ultrasonography is a noninvasive technique easily applied in sheep farms and very useful for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases; however, many articles have been already published on this topic. The present paper proposes and illustrates the use of thermography and computed tomography (CT) to support and improve the aforementioned techniques, taking into consideration that thermography is only useful for upper respiratory tract disorders and CT scan is an expensive technique for routine use but very illustrative to understand the pathogenesis of the different disorders and to improve the in vivo diagnosis.
Variable Exponent Spaces of Analytic Functions
Authors: A. Chacón Gerardo , R. Chacón Gerardo
Published: June 2020

Variable exponent spaces are a generalization of Lebesgue spaces in which the exponent is a measurable function. Most of the research done in this topic has been situated under the context of real functions. In this work, we present two examples of variable exponent spaces of analytic functions: variable exponent Hardy spaces and variable exponent Bergman spaces. We will introduce the spaces together with some basic properties and the main techniques used in the context. We will show that in both cases, the boundedness of the evaluation functionals plays a key role in the theory. We also present a section of possible directions of research in this topic.
Improving Malignancy Detection Rates in Body Fluids Submitted to the Hematology Laboratory for Nucleated Cell Count and Differential: A Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Zhang M. Lisa , Maglantay Remegio J. , Cunningham Vickie L. , Goodwin Michele T. , Feeney Margaret W. , Keefe Joan , Tambouret Rosemary H. , Sohani Aliyah R.
Published: June 2020

Context.—

Body fluid specimens are regularly submitted to the hematology laboratory for cell count and differential. Unless there is high clinical suspicion for malignancy, most cases lack concurrent cytology review and may not benefit from more focused examination for malignancy.

Objective.—

To compare rates of malignancy detection before and after fluid-focused training for hematology technologists as part of a quality improvement initiative.

Design.—

During an 8-week pretraining period, body fluids submitted to the cytology laboratory were correlated with concurrent hematology specimens. After slide review and training sessions for the hematology technologists, the same data were collected for a 4-week period. Discrepant cases were reviewed by hematology laboratory supervisors and pathologists.

Results.—

We collected 465 pretraining and 249 posttraining body fluids with concurrent cytology and hematology evaluation. In the pretraining cohort, 48 cases (10.3%) were diagnosed as malignant by cytology; of those, 33 were detected by hematology. In the posttraining cohort, 30 cases (12.0%) were diagnosed as malignant by cytology of which 27 were detected by hematology. Of the 18 discrepant cases (all carcinomas), hematology slide review showed definite features of malignancy in 15 and no tumor cells in 3. The malignancy detection rate by the hematology laboratory significantly improved after training (68.8% versus 90.0%, P = .01).

Conclusions.—

We demonstrate the comparatively lower malignancy detection rate for body fluid specimens processed in our hematology laboratory, particularly for carcinomas. Hematology technologist education/training improved the malignancy detection rate, an important quality improvement given the large proportion of body fluids undergoing hematology evaluation without concurrent cytology reviews.
A Department-Sponsored, Hospital-Based Pathology Education Symposium Is a Cost-Effective Method to Provide Laboratory Staff With Highly Rated Continuing Education Experiences
Authors: Blagg Lorraine N. , Hruban Ralph H. , Gehrie Eric A.
Published: June 2020

Context.—

Continuing education improves the quality of medical care and is a required part of most health care professions. Although a variety of educational modules are available online or at external conferences, completion of these activities can be expensive and time-consuming. In addition, externally produced modules may have limited applicability to a local practice.

Objective.—

To assess the ability of an economically efficient, locally produced, department-wide pathology educational seminar to efficiently meet education requirements for a large number of employees in a large health system.

Design.—

A multiday continuing education symposium was produced annually from 2013 through 2019 at no cost to participants. Metrics related to attendance, number of educational sessions available for registration, and participant satisfaction were tabulated, trended, and compared with similar metrics tabulated from an external continuing education conference that was offered from 2011 through 2012.

Results.—

The production of an internal, hospital-based educational symposium increased employee attendance (mean of 635 attendees per year versus 247 at the external program; P < .001) while reducing mean annual cost per attendee ($51 versus $140, P < .001). The number of sessions produced for the internal symposium was 39 per year on average, compared with 12 per year at the external program. Technical staff, residents, fellows, and faculty all contributed to internal educational programming, helping to build a team culture in the department. Overall employee satisfaction was 96.2%.

Conclusions.—

An internal educational pathology symposium led to cost-efficient distribution of continuing education credits to a large number of technical staff, with a high degree of reported employee satisfaction.
O lugar da sociologia da educação nos cursos de licenciatura: desafios e potencialidades
Authors: Nogueira Cláudio Marques Martins
Published: June 2020

O artigo analisa as contribuições que a disciplina de sociologia da educação pode oferecer nos cursos de licenciatura e também as dificuldades que enfrenta para atingir esse potencial. Num primeiro momento, discute-se como o ensino de sociologia da educação está condicionado pelo lugar periférico dessa disciplina nos currículos de licenciatura e pelo fato desses cursos terem como objetivo central a formação de professores. Num segundo momento, apontam-se aquelas que seriam as contribuições reais ou potenciais, oferecidas por essa área do conhecimento aos cursos de licenciatura e delineia-se um esboço de programa para a disciplina. Num terceiro momento, chama-se atenção para certos fatores objetivos que dificultam a realização de uma boa formação em sociologia da educação nos cursos de licenciatura no contexto brasileiro atual.Palavras-chave: Educação. Ensino superior. Sociologia da educação. Cursos de licenciatura. Professores - Formação.
L’auto-socioanalyse: un outil au service de la démocratisation universitaire? Retour critique sur une expérience pédagogique
Authors: Kakpo Séverine , Lemêtre Claire
Published: June 2020

Dans le cadre de cet article, nous opérons un retour critique sur une expérience pédagogique ayant consisté à initier à l’auto-socioanalyse un public de primo-accédants à l’université dans le cadre d’un cours obligatoire de méthodologie (L1, sciences de l'éducation). On se propose ici de mettre à l’épreuve de l’analyse sociologique l’idée selon laquelle l’auto-socioanalyse pourrait constituer un levier d’action pédagogique pertinent pour favoriser l’acculturation universitaire des étudiants et donc la démocratisation universitaire.Mots-clefs: Auto-socioanalyse. Étudiants. Socialisation. Travail universitaire. Inégalités. Premiers cycles universitaires.
Auto-socioanálise: uma ferramenta a serviço da democratização da universidade? Retorno crítico sobre uma experiência pedagógica
Authors: Kakpo Séverine , Lemêtre Claire
Published: June 2020

No âmbito deste artigo, estamos fazendo um retorno crítico sobre uma experiência pedagógica que consistiu em iniciar na auto-socioanálise um público de estudantes recém chegados à universidade no contexto de um curso obrigatório de metodologia (L1, ciências da educação). Propomos aqui de testar pela análise sociológica a ideia de que a auto-socioanálise poderia constituir uma alavanca de ação pedagógica pertinente para favorecer a aculturação universitária dos estudantes e, portanto, a democratização da universidade.Palavras-chave: Auto-socioanálise. Estudantes. Socialização. Trabalho universitário. Desigualdades. Primeiros ciclos universitários.
Pensar um sucesso alternativo na universidade – Reclassificar experiências de professores e de estudantes com base na auto-socioanálise
Authors: Letourneux Frédérique , Mengneau Juliette , Mesclon Anna , Veron Daniel
Published: June 2020

Este artigo oferece uma análise reflexiva sobre uma experiência coletiva de ensino realizada no âmbito de um sistema de apoio ao sucesso da universidade (um curso destinado a ser dedicado à “expressão escrita e oral”), dentro do departamento de sociologia da universidade de Nantes entre 2016 e 2019. O curso está centralizado na realização, pelos alunos, de uma autoanálise socioeconômica. O artigo analisa essa experiência como um « sucesso » educacional relativo, indo além do significado institucional do termo para defini-lo de maneira subjetiva e decompor suas manifestações. Se, em relação aos indicadores institucionais, este exercício e seu impacto são mínimos, destacamos como professores e alunos o adotam e investem. As fontes desse sucesso revelam processos de requalificação das experiências de ensino e aluno e sua relação com a universidade.Palavras-chave: Práticas de ensino. Condições de trabalho. Sucesso acadêmico. Relacionamento com a universidade.
Un parcours d’enseignant en « quanti »
Authors: Lebaron Frédéric
Published: June 2020

Ce texte revient sur 25 ans d’expérience de l’enseignement des méthodes quantitatives à des publics très variés, tant sur le plan de leurs caractéristiques socio-démographiques, que de leur « niveau » scolaire et de leur intérêt pour les mathématiques et l’informatique. L’auteur y décrit l’évolution d’une expérience nourrie par ses réflexions méthodologiques avec des statisticiens et revient sur les conditions sociales concrètes d’apprentissage des « outils » quantitatifs en sciences sociales.Mots-clés : Statistique. Méthodologie quantitative. Analyse géométrique des données. Pratiques culturelles. Bonheur. Comparaison internationale.
A educação eugênica nos Annaes de Eugenía
Authors: Kern Gustavo da Silva
Published: June 2020

Este artigo tem como propósito problematizar as relações entre eugenia e educação no Brasil, tomando como objeto de análise algumas das proposições científicas encontradas nos Annaes de Eugenía, documento que reúne os registros das atividades realizadas da Sociedade Eugênica de São Paulo, fundada em 1918. Através da análise dos postulados eugenistas formulados por Renato Kehl (1889-1974) e Fernando de Azevedo (1894-1974), interessa evidenciar como, muito precocemente, os teóricos eugenistas locais elegeram a educação como uma forma privilegiada de promoção do melhoramento racial da população brasileira, buscando com isso compreender a forma como o nascente movimento social em favor da ciência do melhoramento racial definiu os preceitos da chamada educação eugênica.Palavras-chave: Eugenia. Educação. Educação eugênica.
As implicações da Educação a Distância na formação docente: outros modos de aprender e ensinar
Authors: Morais Joelson de Sousa
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo traz algumas discussões acerca da educação a distância na formação docente, focando mais especificamente as metodologias utilizadas que trazem implicações para o aprender e o ensinar de professores/as, tutores/as e alunos/as. Trata-se de um relato de experiência vivenciado em um curso de Especialização Lato Sensu em Psicologia da Educação realizado no Núcleo de Tecnologias para a Educação (UEMANET) da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA). É uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, primando pela narrativa (auto)biográfica, em que foram utilizados como dispositivos metodológicos: diário de pesquisa, observações e atividades produzidas no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA). Apresenta como objetivos: refletir acerca das contribuições da Educação a Distância (EaD) no processo de formação continuada de professores/as, bem como compreender as implicações dos dispositivos e artefatos tecnológicos no aprender e ensinar de docentes em formação. Nesse sentido, questiono enquanto problema de pesquisa: Como as tecnologias da informação e comunicação podem contribuir no processo de formação continuada de professores/as mediadas pelo Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem? A conclusão a que chegou este estudo foi a de que a utilização de alguns artefatos tecnológicos, disponibilizados no AVA despertam outras habilidades de aprendizagem necessárias nessa sociedade informatizada e globalizada, além do mais, as mudanças geradas em contextos de aprendizagem e ensino, demandam novas dinâmicas e necessidades criadas no bojo do capitalismo e que traz profundas implicações na constituição da docência enquanto formação e desenvolvimento profissional.Palavras-chave: Professores - Formação. Ensino a distância. Aprendizagem. Inovações educacionais.
Narrativas sobre avaliação e Design Universal no ensino superior do estado do Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Lima Marcos Antonio Martins , Oliveira Maria Lucijane Gomes de
Published: June 2020

Este estudo pretende apresentar as narrativas acerca da avaliação e design universal de aprendizagem com base na percepção dos discentes do curso de graduação em Pedagogia na modalidade semipresencial de uma instituição pública, nas cidades de Beberibe, Brejo Santo, Caucaia, Itapipoca, Orós, Sobral e Russas, do estado do Ceará. Quanto ao aspecto metodológico, a investigação desenvolvida corresponde a uma pesquisa descritiva, estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa aplicada a 110 (cento e dez) acadêmicos da referida instituição. A análise qualitativa foi realizada com o apoio do Atlas.ti.8, com vistas a entender as narrativas provenientes dos discentes para a compreensão de um novo design para avaliação, para o ensino e para aprendizagem, além de permitir identificar os desafios, limites e contribuições do Design Universal para Aprendizagem (UDL). Os resultados evidenciaram efetivas contribuições do modelo UDL para aprendizagem, para o desenvolvimento da autonomia, acessibilidade e rompimento de barreiras metodológicas no contexto educativo, tornando-o mais democrático e participativo.Palavras-chave: Avaliação educacional. Design universal. Educação superior
Problematizando o ensino de frações com um grupo de professores do ensino fundamental
Authors: Quartieri Marli Teresinha , Giongo Ieda Maria , Rehfeldt Márcia Jussara Hepp
Published: June 2020

Os alunos da Educação Básica ainda demonstram dificuldades quando o assunto envolve os números racionais, tanto em relação ao significado quanto às operações. Tais dificuldades podem estar relacionadas à forma de ensino do conteúdo que, muitas vezes, depende do conhecimento que os professores possuem. Nesse sentido, é fundamental investigar o conhecimento docente, visando à diminuição de possíveis problemas de aprendizagem desse conteúdo. Este artigo socializa a análise dos resultados decorrentes de uma investigação de cunho qualitativo, caracterizada como pesquisa de levantamento, em que foi utilizado um questionário para coleta de dados. Salienta-se que o objetivo foi investigar as concepções de um grupo de professores do Ensino Fundamental sobre o ensino de frações com foco nos significados, importância para o currículo escolar e aplicabilidade no cotidiano. Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos pesquisados relacionava frações apenas com o sentido parte-todo, sendo que poucos tinham conhecimento dos outros significados. Quanto às situações do cotidiano em que as frações são usadas, foram citadas receitas e divisão de alimentos (pizzas, bolos, chocolates). Em relação à importância do conteúdo no currículo, as respostas divergiram, destacando-se que a presença das frações era para entender a operação de divisão. Frente a esses resultados, pode-se inferir que há a necessidade de formação de professores, em particular dos Anos Iniciais, para que estes compreendam os diversos conceitos relacionados às frações, bem como problematizar a relevância desse tema no currículo escolar e as formas de ensinar tais conceitos.Palavras-chave: Frações - Estudo e ensino. Professores - Formação. Matemática (Ensino fundamental).
Neutron flux simulation of a one-dimensional reactor zone taking into account xenon generation
Authors: Tóth Zsófia , Kis Dániel Péter
Published: June 2020

The energy in nuclear power plants is produced by thermal fission. It is extremely important to be able to monitor the processes in the reactor to ensure the safety and reliability of the power plant. One of the main traits of the reactor core is neutron flux. It changes in time and space therefore it is crucial to be able to simulate its changes with computer codes. In the research work a program code was established in the Matlab software with which the neutron flux of a one-dimensional zone can be simulated with homogenous and heterogenic zone parameters as well. The code is written using the one-group one-dimensional time- and space-dependent diffusion equation. The equation of an average delayed neutron group and xenon and iodine distributions was also included in the system to give a more precise look on the problem. The main innovation in the code is that numerical methods were used to solve the problem: the finite difference approach was applied for the place-dependent and for the time-dependent solution. The advantage of this code compared to other ones is that one-dimensional zones can be simulated in a really short time and it still gives a precise solution because of the complex numerical methods used.
Træneren som gatekeeper, ressourcedistributør og partner for idrætstalenter
Authors: Nielsen Jens Christian , Skrubbeltang Lotte Stausgaard , Olsen Jesper Stilling
Published: June 2020

Artiklen belyser relationer mellem unge talentfulde atleter og deres trænere. Ved at læse på tværs af interviewmateriale med unge idrætstalenter finder vi tre former for nøglerelationer trænere kan have i talentudviklingen, henholdsvis som gatekeepere, ressourcedistributører og partnere. Analyserne viser, at trænere indtager en nøgleposition i talentudvikling og talentudviklingsmiljøer, hvor de har en central betydning for tilblivelsen af unge talenter. Det diskuteres om den nøgleposition i talentudviklingen også indebærer et etisk ansvar for dem, der ikke kommer gennem gaten, får ressourcer distribueret eller opnår et partnerskab.
Fodbold Fitness
Authors: Bennike Søren , Ottesen Laila
Published: June 2020

I denne artikel stilles der skarpt på Fodbold Fitness. Et initiativ som Dansk Boldspil-Union (DBU) lancerer i 2011 som en reaktion på flere forskellige udviklingstendenser i det danske idrætsliv. DBU beskriver Fodbold Fitness som fodbold på en ”sportslig og organisatorisk helt ny måde, der bryder med den traditionelle organisering, administration og medlemsstruktur”. Resultaterne af analysen viser, at Fodbold Fitness bryder med fritidsfodboldens sportslige form, men ikke med den organisatoriske form. Dette udfordres i artiklens diskussion, hvor det afslutningsvist konkluderes, at graden af brud afhænger af den enkelte klubs måde at forvalte Fodbold Fitness på.
Tenoch's Gender Journey: Case Study of a 13-year-old Mexican Refugee with Aboriginal Ancestry - Naming the Gaps Between Theory and Practice
Authors: Tenenbaum Silvia
Published: June 2020

This paper explores the issues and technique that were used with a group of non-conforming youth to prepare them for successful entrance into university. It will produce and affirmation of the inner wisdom of non-traditional students as a mirror of learning for traditional teachers, to provide an example of dialogic learning through a de-colonizing lens. Then it will present the results of six years of group support and counselling to prove that denouncing the gaps in institutionalized systemic barriers to sexual minorities, coupled with persistent clincal, advocacy, and community activism, is effective in breaking the cycles of magrinalization of fervent, creative, and resilient youth once termed "at risk". Immigrant latino youth in general and the case study of Tenoch in particular shows that a direct application of present clinical practices are not enough to provide long-term healing and decolonizing attitudes to survive the academic needs of a border-gender communities. Regularm on-going therapy focused on anti-oppressive pracitces coupled with Aboriginal healing techniques has proved to be a valid, reliable, and consistent method to increase this vulnerable population's well-being without further marginalization. A practitioner might conclude that mixed model is more affirmative of individual process of personhood while still connected to one's roots and communities of origin. The implication of practice is that a clinical needs to also engage in advocacy, support, and profound transformations in order to unmask both inner and outer colonized mind traps.
With Laura: Attachment and the Healing Potential of Substitute Caregivers within Cross-Cultural Child Welfare Practice
Authors: Brend Denise , Fletcher Kara , Nutton Jennifer
Published: June 2020

Secure attachment has been consistently associated with positive outcomes for children. The complex and intergenerational trauma resulting from colonialism that Aboriginal people in Canada have suffered may threaten the development of secure attachment. Using a case example drawn from social work practice, this paper proposes that Aboriginal children who are insecurely attached and traumatized present particular treatment needs. There is little prior research addressing the treatment needs of insecurely attached Aboriginal children in out-of-home care. Further, in provincial and territorial child welfare agencies Aboriginal children are overwhelmingly in the substitute care of non-Aboriginal caregivers. This paper looks to attachment theory for a treatment approach within these cross-cultural relationships. Attachment theory has shown that the attachment styles of children can be reliably predicted at a rate of 75 percent by looking to those of their caregivers. Additionally, children have been shown to be capable of developing multiple attachment styles in response to the attachment styles of the adults with whom they are in caregiving relationships. Thus, given the stronginfluence of caregiver attachment on the attachment styles of children, it is compelling to look at the potential impact of the attachment styles of substitute caregivers on the children in their care. This paper proposes that in provincial or territorial child welfare it may be necessary to promote substitute caregivers who are securely attached and to acknowledge the context of trauma within which these children and caregivers are striving for well-being.
Strategies to Revive Traditional Decision-Making in the Context of Child Protection in Northern British Columbia
Authors: Ney Tara , Bortoletto Carla , Maloney Maureen
Published: June 2020

For indigenous peoples, recovering from colonial rule and aspiring to flourish, the revival of traditional decision making (TDM) is considered essential. However, transitioning from established colonial practices to TDMs is not well understood. In this paper we identify some of the challenges experienced by a First Nation urban community in the north east of British Columbia as they have tried to develop and implement a culturally-relevant child and family-centered traditional decision-making (TDM) process in the context of government-regulated child protection system. Specifically, we problematize a collaborative decision-making strategy—Family Group Conferencing (FGC). FGCs are premised on values of collaboration, participation, and empowerment, and because this strategy shares many of the values and aspirations of Traditional Decision-Making (TDM), there is a temptation to directly download and incorporate FGCs into the TDM model. In this paper we explore five challenges that warrant particular attention in developing TDM model in this contemporary context: 1) power, 2) cultural adaptability, 3) family support and prevention, 4) coordinator “neutrality”, and 5) sustainable support. We conclude with eight recommendations to overcome these challenges while developing TDMs in a child protection context.
Children for Social Justice
Authors: McCrossin Jeff
Published: June 2020

It is often assumed that children lack the developed capacity to understand complicated political issues (for example, Arendt, 1959; Pearce, 2011; and Warmington, 2012a, 2012b). This assumption is contested through a review of the literature examining adult conceptions the child, and children’s rights to political participation, citizenship, and direct representation (Steffler, 2009; Wall & Dar, 2011; Wyness, Harrison, & Buchanan, 2004). A variety of historical and contemporary examples of children engaging in social justice campaigns and movements are provided (Elshtain, 1996; Milstein, 2010; Smith, 2012; Traubman, 2005; Bergmar, 2010). A potential means for supporting children in social justice engagement is explored through social justice education (Dover, 2009; Kelly & Brooks, 2009).
Nog-da-win-da-min: A Collaborative Consultation with First Nations about Children’s Well-being
Authors: Schmidt Heather , Broad Gayle , Sy Christine , Johnston Rosalind
Published: June 2020

The history of the relationship between child welfare agencies in Canada and First Nations has been fraught with pain, and the removal of children from their families and communities is often described as an attempted cultural genocide. The realities of colonization, residential schools, and the “60s scoop” have created a legacy of pain and distrust which can be difficult for today’s Native child welfare services to address. Nog-da-win-da-min Family and Community Services (NFCS) is an Anishinaabe agency that decided to consult with its seven member communities in order to obtain their input about future service development, but, with this legacy, were unsure how to engage the communities in meaningful dialogue. As such, they partnered with a team of researchers at NORDIK Institute to design and carry out a communitybased consultation. This article explores the collaborative process of creating and tailoring a consultation method to be an empowering and positive experience for participants, to be conducted within safe and accessible spaces throughout the communities. This required a thoughtful process development, which respected participants’ knowledge and experiences (local knowledge), accommodated intergenerational trauma with sensitivity, and that employed Indigenous language and concepts (such as the Medicine Wheel) to guide the process. This article outlines some key learnings for others undertaking similar dialogues and consultations.
Can Spiritual Ecograms be Utilized in Mental Health Services to Promote Culturally Appropriate Family and Couples Therapy with Indigenous People?
Authors: Elliott Nicole
Published: June 2020

Research addressing the potential utilization of spiritual ecograms with Indigenous families and children, specified by experienced professional in the field of Native-American psychology, was critiqued and reviewed in order to attend to its influence and applicability regarding the literature of Indigenous family therapy, and how it could be beneficial in therapy with Indigenous families. The literature review presents an effective tool, providing an in-depth exploration of spiritual strengths of the family and or children that incorporates spirituality into techniques commonly used in family therapy practice. Study results (Limb & Hodge, 2011) show that this tool is consistent with Native-American culture (Brucker & Perry, 1998; Green, 2010; Paniagua, 2005; Trujillo, 2000) and highlights many beneficial qualities for its utilization in practice. Limitations and recommendations for future research are also discussed.
Aboriginal Family Services Agencies in High Poverty Urban Neighborhoods: Challenges Experienced by Local Staff
Authors: Brown Jason , Fraehlich Cheryl
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study was to describe the challenges of working in the community from the perspective of staff hired locally by culturally-based Aboriginal organizations in high-poverty urban neighborhoods. Locally staffed and culturally based Aboriginal family service agencies operating communities with high levels of poverty have emerged in large cities. Efforts of these agencies are consistent with community economic development practice aiming to improve local quality of life and skill development and promote economic capacity. There has been little research to date exploring the challenges faced by staff working in these organizations. Participants were residents of the local geographic community and staff of one of three Aboriginal family services agencies in a large Canadian city. They were asked “What are the challenges of working in your own community?” and their responses were analyzed using concept mapping methodology. Twelve concepts emerged from the analysis including: lack of privacy, being personally affected outside of work, keeping healthy boundaries, and knowing how to help. In addition participants described the high local need and meeting the range of needs given limited funding and influence of government on operations. As well, participants identified dealing with broader structural issues, such as substance abuse and gang problems. The results indicate that staff in Aboriginal family services agencies in high poverty communities experience living in the same community as service recipients, management of personal relationships with them, diversity of need within their service area, as well as potential for traumatic experiences as particularly challenging. Staff preparation, training and support for these issues are important for funders and administrators to attend to.
Indigenous Knowledge, Community and Education in a Western System: An Integrative Approach
Authors: Overmars Danika
Published: June 2020

Colonization attempted to eradicate Indigenous knowledge and Indigenous Ways of knowing through coerced education, yet education may be the key to the healing journey for Aboriginal people in Canada. At present the educational system is not serving Aboriginal students well as measured by levels of student success. The integration of Indigenous knowledge, community and education increases the likelihood of success of students in educational settings and promotes healing from colonization. Research suggests that a community based model of education is not only appropriate for Aboriginal students but is likely to enhance their education by providing community controlled and culturally relevant experiences.
Le dépistage des retards de développement chez les jeunes enfants d’une communauté des Premières Nations
Authors: Dionne Carmen , McKinnon Suzie , Squires Jane
Published: June 2020

Bien qu’il importe d’utiliser des instruments d’évaluation adaptés aux caractéristiques et à la réalité des communautés autochtones, l’absence de normes psychométriques pour ces communautés est fréquemment déplorée. Le but est de documenter la pertinence et l’utilité de l’instrument de dépistage des retards de développement Age and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) utilisé par des enseignantes auprès d’enfants (n = 213) Mohawks du Québec âgés entre 29 et 60 mois. Au niveau de la consistance interne pour les quatre questionnaires étudiés, sept résultats révèlent des alphas de Cronbach inférieurs à 0,60 : « communication » (Q42), « motricité globale » (Q36 et Q42), « motricité fine » (Q42) et « aptitudes individuelles ou sociales » (Q36, Q42 et Q54) tandis que treize présentent des alphas de Cronbach variant entre 0,61 et 0,90. Globalement, le groupe de discussion réalisé auprès des enseignantes révèle leur appréciation de l’instrument et le fait que son utilisation apparaît approprié pour cette communauté.
Indigenous Self-Discovery: “Being Called to Witness”
Authors: Koptie Steven W.
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a reflective topical narrative in a style this author described in researching Irihapeti Ramsden (2003), an Ngai Tahupotiki (Maori) nursing instructor of Aotearoa (New Zealand). It is a reflection on the nature of Indigenous scholar’s inquiry, or what Irihapeti Ramsden recognized as an often melancholic journey of self-discovery. It is an attempt to understand how, where, and why colonization has reduced us to dependent remnants of the self-reliant and independent peoples our stories remember. We are collectively creating an alternative voice to colonial lies/myths and calling for the restoration of the human dignity stolen along with lands, resources and human rights. Irihapeti Ramsden (2003) used her own melancholic journey of self-discovery to re-ignite trust and reciprocity between people, and to bring the idea of Cultural Safety to colonial New Zealand, thereby establishing a splendid map for future generations of all spaces in need of decolonization. She was met with considerable resistance in her homeland as she raised awareness of the truth about abuses of power by colonial institutions and bureaucracies. By similarly nagging in often difficult processes of self-discovery Indigenous scholars everywhere are helping to unravel a global inheritance of colonial practice. Reconciliation will only be possible when citizens honour Indigenous people’s resistance, resentment and rebellion to European myths of conquest. Indigenous scholars are Being Called to Witness seven generations and to preserve the beauty and strength our ancestors wanted to protect. Our ancestors scarified a great deal, and we must wipe our tears, open our eyes, listen deeply, clear our throats, and raise our strong voices to bear witness to our ancestors’ prayers.
Child Protective Services and University-Based Partnerships: A Participatory Action-Based Model for Creating and Sharing Knowledge
Authors: Waechter Randall L. , Wekerle Christine , Leslie Bruce , Goodman Deborah , Wathen Nadine , Moody Brenda ,   MAP Research Team
Published: June 2020

This paper presents one model for building and sustaining a research partnership between researchers and professional staff in child protection (CPS) agencies. The Maltreatment and Adolescent Pathways (MAP) study was designed to assess the health and well-being of the population of adolescents involved in the child welfare system of a major urban area. The study involved the collaboration between university based researchers and a range of child welfare staff, from administration to front-line workers. A key factor supporting collaboration was reciprocity with expertise, with CPS practitioner knowledge yielding intervention-relevant study queries and constructs, and researcher knowledge on health content and best practices yielding tailored training opportunities and increased climate for knowledge uptake. The MAP study combined a Participatory Action Research (PAR) model with a traditional, scientific positivist model, including the scientific elements of standardized measures, explicit evaluation of the participatory process, and research impact on the community members. This study: 1) provides information on the process of creating effective researcher-CPC agency partnerships, 2) considers key ethics issues, such as the participant’s reactivity to research of child welfare- involved clients, and 3) examines the implications of implanting a PAR approach in research with Aboriginal CPS agencies, as per the required use of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Guidelines for Health Research Involving Aboriginal People for future community- university partnerships.
Aboriginal Youth Gangs: Preventative Approaches
Authors: Preston Jane P. , Carr-Stewart Sheila , Northwest Charlene
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this article is to describe programs and strategies dissuasive of Aboriginal youth gang involvement. Individual approaches target areas such as antisocial behavior, personal challenges, and negative thinking patterns. Family-orientated approaches reaffirm family values as a means to deter youth from gang association. Providing positive opportunities for youth to interact with community role models and to partake in community programs are also dissuasive to the proliferation of Aboriginal youth gangs. Although information herein is intended to tackle Aboriginal youth gang issues, it can also be useful in addressing peripheral social issues within communities, in general.
The Occasional Evil of Angels: Learning from the Experiences of Aboriginal Peoples and Social Work
Authors: Blackstock Cindy
Published: June 2020

This paper explores how the propensity of social workers to make a direct and unmitigated connection between good intentions, rationale thought and good outcomes forms a white noise barrier that substantially interferes with our ability to see negative outcomes resulting directly or indirectly from our works. The paper begins with outlining the harm experienced by Aboriginal children before moving to explore how two fundamental philosophies that pervade social service practice impact Aboriginal children: 1) an assumption of pious motivation and effect and 2) a desire to improve others. Finally, the paper explores why binding reconciliation and child welfare is a necessary ﬁrst step toward developing social work services that better support Aboriginal children and families.
A Story of their own: Adolescent Pregnancy and Child Welfare in Aboriginal Communities
Authors: Ordolis Emilia
Published: June 2020

The phenomenon of adolescent pregnancy and its relationship to child welfare in Aboriginal communities provides a useful lens through which to understand fundamental and structural problems with the current child welfare system in Canada. The following paper will examine the relationship between adolescent pregnancy and child welfare, investigate concerns with the current child welfare system, and look to the Convention on the Rights of the Child as a framework for conceptualizing alternative approaches.
The Informal Caregivers of Aboriginal Seniors: Perspectives and Issues
Authors: Parrack Sarah , Joseph Gillian M.
Published: June 2020

Over 1 million Canadians aged 45-64 provide care to seniors with disabilities or physical limitations, and 70% are also employed – many full-time. Yet often policy assumes that all communities face the same eldercare challenges despite regional and cultural distinctions. This paper highlights what little is known about Aboriginal informal eldercare providers. Trends in health, employment and migration continue to raise concerns about the availability of caregivers, particularly in isolated communities. Difficulties accessing services increases the burdens of caregivers both locally and at a distance. More information about the context of Aboriginal eldercare is sorely needed.
Kinosao Sipi Minisowin Agency: Creating a Community Response for Special Needs Children
Authors: Ducharme Charlene , Muskego Doreen , Muswagon Alfred , Paupanekis Clarence , Muswagon Mike , Spence Walter , Ramdatt Jacqueline
Published: June 2020

The Children’s Special Services program was created by the Kinosao Sipi Minisowin Agency to meet the requirements of special needs children and their families in the Norway House Cree Nation community of Manitoba. While the program itself is an excellent resource, its creation highlights the challenges faced by Aboriginal children with special needs and their families in regards to accessing services. Speciﬁcally, the creation of the program draws attention to the service vacuum that Aboriginal children with special needs must face. The value of the program to thecommunity cannot be underestimated as due to its existence, fewer parents have to make the choice of either placing their children in foster care or moving from their community in order to access services.
The Politics of Policy Development to End Obesity for Aboriginal Youth in the Educational Environment
Authors: Spurr Shelley
Published: June 2020

Canada, a country of considerable wealth and resources, has one of the highest standards of living in the world. This country is politically organized as a democracy that is supportive of political and civil freedoms, yet inequalities among certain populations prevail. In general, Aboriginal people experience poorer economic, social, and environmental conditions than those of non-Aboriginal people (Canadian Population Health Initiative, 2005) and lower involvement in political and civil activity. This report also illustrates the inferior health status among Aboriginal people. Within the school system, an educational policy can serve to address an inequality. Hence, the purpose of the paper is to apply the tools outlined by Deborah Stone in her book, Policy Parodox: The Art of Political Decision Making (2002), to demonstrate why I believe school policies should be developed to prevent obesity among Aboriginal youth, to understand the politics of implementing these policies and to analyze and critique the ideas from hypothesized political opponents. Addressing these injustices provides recognition of the racism in present-day educational policy decision-making processes, which can result in more signiﬁcant progress toward an equal and just society which ensures the health of Aboriginal peoples and successive generations.