bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transmission enhancement of a half-wave wall under extreme angles by synergy of double lorentz resonances
Authors: Li Tiefu , Chu Zuntian , Fu Xinmin , Wang Jiafu , Jia Yuxiang , Jiang Jinming , Yan Mingbao , Li Yongfeng , Qu Shaobo
Published: April 2022

The a half-wave wall is usually adopted as the transparent window for electromagnetic (EM) waves ranging from microwave to optical regimes. Due to the interference nature, the bandwidth of the half-wave wall is usually quite narrow, especially under extreme angles for TE-polarized waves. It is usually contradictory to expand the bandwidth and to keep high transmission. To overcome this contradiction, we propose to extend the transmission bandwidth of half-wave walls under extreme angles by introducing Lorentz-type resonances using metasurfaces. The impedance of the half-wave wall is firstly analyzed. To improve the impedance matching, the impedance below and above the half-wave frequency should be increased. To this end, metallic wires and I-shaped structures are incorporated into the half-wave wall as the mid-layer. Due to the Lorentz-type resonance of the metallic wire, effective permittivity below the half-wave frequency can be reduced while that above the half-wave frequency can be increased due to Lorentz-type resonance of the I-shaped structures, both under large incident angles. In this way, the impedance matching, and thus the transmission, can be improved within an extended band. A proof-of-principle prototype was designed, fabricated, and measured to verify this strategy. Both simulated and measured results show that the prototype can operate in 14.0-19.0GHZ under incident angle [70°, 85°] with significant transmission enhancement for TE-polarized waves. This work provides an effective method of enhancing the transmission of EM waves and may find applications in radomes, IR windows, and others.
How many worlds of welfare state attitudes are there? European experiences in a comparative perspective of cross-national survey research
Authors: Baranowski Mariusz , Jabkowski Piotr
Published: April 2022

The shape and scope of the welfare state in individual countries have been under consideration since the late 1970s. However, since the publication of The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism (1990), discussions have been framed by the Esping-Andersen proposal, which has had an enormous impact on research regarding welfare regimes. This article aims to determine how many worlds of the welfare state can be distinguished in the European context. The empirical analysis is based on the newest data about welfare attitudes, taken from the European Social Survey Round 8. An extended typology by Gøsta Esping-Andersen was used to formulate our research hypotheses, which include Mediterranean and post-socialist countries as separate models. The conclusions obtained as a result of a cross-country multilevel analysis confirm the existence of (a) five worlds of welfare state attitudes and (b) significant differences in particular areas when assessing states’ involvement in social policy in the adopted extended typology.
Financial education in Colombia: Challenges from the perception of its population with socioeconomic vulnerability
Authors: López-Rodríguez Campo Elías , López-Ordoñez Diego Alejandro
Published: April 2022

inancial education is recognized as the process through which knowledge and skills are developed to make financial decisions that strengthen people's life plan within a society. Therefore, the objective of this research is to identify the opinions of the vulnerable population in Colombia regarding money saving based on the realities of their financial education. Pearson's correlation coefficient, simple correspondence analysis and symmetrical normalization are used in the different obtained associations to determine that, there are different perceptions associated with money saving according to the age and academic background of the population studied. It is highlighted that the older population is disinclined to assume risks in financial investment processes, while the younger people agree to personally monitor their financial affairs. However, the elderly and the population with a level of professional and technological training do not believe that “money is there to spend it, living day to day without worrying about tomorrow”, unlike people who have only basic primary schooling, who do agree with these ideas. This demonstrates the need to strengthen the training in financial education for the socioeconomically vulnerable Colombian population, becoming an alternative for the improvement of their quality of life.
Role of financial literacy and awareness of tax impacts in an emerging economy facing tax reform
Authors: Novoa-Hoyos Amalia , Depoo Lucie , Jiménez-Rodríguez Enrique
Published: April 2022

This study seeks to assess the levels of financial literacy based on demographic characteristics of residents in Bogotá, capital of Colombia. Given the massive public demonstrations against tax reforms that have been taking place in large cities in Colombia in 2021, this paper analyses the knowledge of people of the nature and impact of tax reforms, especifically their financial understanding of the impact of these fiscal policies. Utilizing regression analysis with a quantitative and qualitative research design, the article investigates the degree of financial literacy and the relation between the financial knowledge and the current orientation in tax policy changes and their impact on the population. The data used in this study was gathered from 6,713 households in Bogotá and supplemented by in-depth interviews of representatives of each demographic group selected by careful sampling to represent each demographic characteristic. The results are structured in two parts, firstly, based on the analysis of three variables measuring levels of financial literacy of individuals relating to the interest rate, inflation and the principle of risk diversification. Secondly, qualitative research added two questions on knowledge of tax reform. Logistic regression was used. Results of both qualitative and quantitative research show that there is significant difference in the financial knowledge of people of different age, marital status and education. Interviews showed the best awareness and orientation in the mid-age group, predominantly men, who are seen as leaders. The most vulnerable group is low-educated single women. Limitation of the study is the narrow focus on households in one city. This article provides an insight into the importance of financial literacy, its monitoring, implementation of continuous improvement based on feedback loop in an economy in transition.
Socio-economic causes of the long-term repeat of the crisis in the countries of Southeast Europe
Authors: Delibasic Milica
Published: April 2022

The paper critically analyses the basic socio-economic causes of the long-term crisis in the countries of Southeast Europe (SEE). The aim of the paper is to focus on three basic manifestations of post-socialist deviations, which are predominantly related to usurpation and abuses of nomenclatures of power: inherited opportunistic behaviour, quasi-neoliberal experiment, and alternative institutions. Their three-pronged influence causes the crisis, as we have suggested for the initial hypothesis of the study. The paper uses methods of abstraction, description, and analysis (political-economic, institutional, and comparative analysis). The main conclusion is that the phenomena under study were based on underdeveloped quasi-institutional monism. They developed to a great extent and managed to pervade all or almost all social subsystems through the cause-and-effect relationship: social losses - enrichment - impoverishment. The consequences are severe, devastating, and clear. Viewed through this prism, it is clear that the root causes of the crisis can be reduced to the non-existence and/or insufficiency of institutions.
Six emotional stages of organisational change: Conceptualisation and scale development
Authors: Castillo Cristian
Published: April 2022

This research designs, implements and validates a five-point Likert-type scale to measure the six emotional stages of organisational change. The results propose a scale with only 31 items after analysing the responses of a total of 1,220 employees and submitting the developed scale to the validity recommended in the literature in five phases and four studies: item generation, scale purification, scale dimensionality, scale validation and nomological validity. Thus, our research extends the literature and provides the first tool to measure the six emotional stages of change. Through the understanding and use of our scale, future research will be able to identify potential counterproductive and conflicting behaviours generated in organisations when implementing change and associate them with each of the six emotional stages described in the literature. Organisational changes, when perceived as unfavourable, provoke emotional changes in most employees, giving rise to behaviours that can become barriers that are difficult to overcome. Our scale will allow us to continue to expand the literature in this field.
Financial literacy and its relationship with sociodemographic variables
Authors: Hernández Mejía Sergio , García-Santillán Arturo , Moreno-García Elena
Published: April 2022

he aim of this research is to determine if there is a significant difference between the socio-demographic population groups in relation to financial literacy in Mexican adults, between 18 and 70 years old. It is assumed that there is a significant difference in financial literacy levels according to age, gender, educational level, residence, region, marital status, household position, economic dependents, work conditions, job position, income, material and financial wealth, and financial experience. The method is derived from the approaches of Lusardi and Mitchell (2011a), OECD (2018), OECD (2017) and Atkinson and Messy (2012). Data from the Mexican survey ENIF (2018) are used. The methodology and the use of microeconomic data provide originality on the research of financial literacy for Mexico. The results of the Probit econometric model show sociodemographic variables that help to predict the probability that Mexican adults will answer the financial literacy questions correctly and provide evidence on specific groups of the Mexican population that present significant differences in financial literacy. Particularly this refers to those with low educational level, women, the disabled, retirees, low-income people, those who are not included in the financial system, as well as those who lack training in financial education issues. The findings can be useful for the design of public policies on financial literacy, the basic financial knowledge that the population should acquire in order to make informed decisions.
What determines the co-operatives‘ productivity in Indonesia? A-two stage analysis
Authors: Majid M. Shabri Abd. , Azhari A. , Faisal Faisal , Fahlevi Heru
Published: April 2022

This study empirically measures and analyzes determinants of productivity changes of the co-operatives across all 34 provinces in Indonesia over the 2015-2020 period using a-two stage approach. In the first stage, the study measures the productivity of the co-operatives using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Meanwhile, in the second stage, the study utilizes a panel regression model to measure and analyze the determinants of productivity of the co-operatives in Indonesia. The study recorded that the co-operatives in Indonesia have experienced a 9.7% increase in their Total Factor Productivity (TFP), contributed mainly by the technical efficiency progress. Furthermore, the study found that the business volume has contributed to the improvement of the co-operatives' TFP. Meanwhile, the co-operatives' members, liquidity, and indebtedness are found to deteriorate the TFP growth. Profitability, however, is found to have an insignificant effect on TFP growth due to the non-profit orientation of the co-operatives. These findings suggest the need for co-operatives to diversify their business activities, supported by the adoption of relevant advanced technologies, particularly the use of online marketing. In addition, the co-operatives should improve their financial performances to maximize the use of capital by restricting liquidity and indebtedness. Finally, the government support to enhance financial and managerial aspects is essential to realize the co-operatives as the pillar of Indonesia’s economy, as mandated by the 1945 Indonesian constitution.
Institutional trust and life satisfaction in selected Post-Soviet countries: The mediating role of 'perceived relative income'
Authors: Khatai Khatai , Gasimov Ilkin , Eynalov Hazi
Published: April 2022

This research investigates the impact of institutional trust on self-reported life satisfaction in the case of eight selected post-Soviet (non-EU member) countries. The study examines a potential explanation for the aforementioned impact and investigates the mediating role of perceived relative income for the relationship between institutional trust and life satisfaction. The sample contains a pool of country-level cross-sectional data (N=10410; n_female=5952, n_male=4458, 〖Mean〗_age=43.86) obtained from the World Values Survey (wave 6). The study applies mediation analysis to explore institutional trust's direct and indirect effects on individuals' life satisfaction. The validity of positive association is confirmed for pooled and country-level analyses. Simultaneously, mediation analyses provide evidence for the hypothesized indirect effect of institutional trust on life satisfaction through perceived relative income in the case of pooled data and five selected countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine). A significant mediation effect is not found in Georgia, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. Policy recommendations derived from the research suggest focusing on public policies and efficient communication tools to enhance institutional trust among citizens in conjuction with decreasing income inequality.
Solar Tracking System with Photovoltaic Cells: Experimental Analysis at High Altitudes
Authors: Aquino Larico Elmer Rodrigo , Gutierrez Angel Canales
Published: April 2022

There is currently an urgent need to study the application of solar energy to photovoltaic systems due to the need to produce electricity; indeed, maximizing the performance of solar energy promotes efficient and sustainable energy systems. The objective of this study was to determine the photovoltaic performance of a dual-axis solar tracker based on photovoltaic cells with different inclination angles at high altitudes above 3800 m.a.s.l. A solar tracking system activated by two linear actuators was implemented to automatically follow the trajectory of the sun during the day, and the results were compared with those from a fixed photovoltaic system. In addition, due to the climatic variation in the area, photovoltaic cells installed at different inclination angles were used to maximize electricity production and processed by a programmable logic controller (PLC). Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the factors that influenced the performance of the photovoltaic system during the experimental period. The results showed that the maximum monthly performance of the solar tracker was 37.63% greater than that of the fixed system, reaching 10.66 kWh/m2/d on sunny days in peak sun hours (PSH). On days with frequent rain and clouds, the partial yield was less than 14.38%, with energy production during PSH of 6.54 kWh/m2/d. Therefore, in this high-altitude area, the performance of the solar tracker was greater from July to October; from November to February, the performance was reduced due to the occurrence of rain.
Understanding community awareness, knowledge and perceived importance of Land-Use Plans and Village Land Forest Reserves in the context of REDD+ in Tanzania
Authors: Uisso A.J. , Chirwa P.W. , Ackerman P.A. , Mbwambo L.
Published: April 2022

Knowing the community level of awareness and knowledge of village participatory land use plans (VPLUPs) and village land forest reserves (VLFRs) and their perceived importance thereof, can form a way of improving the plans and forests governance in the context of Reduced Emissions from
Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+), a global initiative to climate change measure. Thus, this study assessed community awareness, knowledge and perceived importance of VPLUPs and VLFRs in a REDD+ initiative in Tanzania. A mixed-method research design was adopted to collect data through
participatory-community mapping (4 cases), focus group discussions (12 cases), key informant interviews (12 cases), direct observation and household interviews (328 cases). Results revealed that respondents were significantly aware of VPLUPs and VLFRs and were well-informed about VLFRs. However,
they were ill-informed about the specified procedures of conducting VPLUPs. The community attached high value to VPLUPs and VLFRs. The residence period and household size of respondents emerged as the most important factors that significantly drive community awareness of VPLUPs and VLFRs respectively.
The study recommends the use of the strategy (participatory approach) employed by the project proponents to implement VPLUPs and VLFRs.
Estimating wildfire suppression costs: a systematic review
Authors: Mattioli W. , Ferrara C. , Lombardo E. , Barbati A. , Salvati L. , Tomao A.
Published: April 2022

The cost of suppressing fires is known to be highly significant and increasing over time as a result of the indirect effects of climate change and rising human impacts. Their quantification is an essential component of an environmental accounting system, capable of providing updated information for policy design and implementation. The goal of this study was to provide an overview of the state-of-art of international literature on wildfire suppression costs. To this aim, a systematic literature review was carried out revealing that the largest amount of empirical data on suppression costs and related measures derived from North American case studies. Conversely, information on direct wildfire suppression cost categories is usually incomplete or missing throughout Europe, especially in fire-prone Mediterranean countries, even though these areas have been, and continue to be, severely impacted by wildfires, underlining the need to update research in this field, thereby supporting cost-effective fire management plans.
Community forestry in Nepal: a critical review
Authors: Paudel G. , Carr J. , Munro P.G.
Published: April 2022

Community forestry praxis has a long history in Nepal. The country is often considered an exemplar in promoting community forestry for environment and development. In this paper, we provide a critical review of Nepali community forestry scholarship to offer internationally relevant lessons and to identify areas of future research. Our review shows that community forestry outcomes have been mixed. Despite playing a role in improving social and environmental outcomes, its provision of economic benefits are modest, not always clear and unevenly distributed. The impacts of community forestry have been heavily influenced by government intervention, with the government controlling valuable forests. We conclude that: 1) more rigorous and consistent methodologies are needed to evaluate community forestry outcomes; 2) the notion of community needs to critically be questioned to understand the dynamics of internal migration patterns, and; 3) a deeper understanding of the politicization of community forestry needs to be developed.
REDD+: analysis of its components through a systematic review of scientific literature from Brazil and Indonesia
Authors: Riva F.R. , Paes-De-Souza M. , Talamini E.
Published: April 2022

REDD+ is a payments mechanism through environmental services that proposes the reduction of greenhouse gas emission caused by change in use of tropical forest lands. The present study aimed to identify the REDD+ dimensions in tropical forests in the world, approaching a broader discussion
about themes by focusing on Brazil and Indonesia. A systematic review of scientific literature relating to Brazil and Indonesia was used as an analysis method. A total of 102 scientific articles with themes related to REDD+ development were selected. Through analysis of the selected articles,
REDD+ dimensions with frequent mentions in the scientific literature were identified, such as governance, implementation, beneficiaries, land use, monitoring, biodiversity, financing, forest management, deforestation, conservation, safeguard, and opportunity cost. The analysis identified the
existence of political barriers the implementation of REDD+ and recommends dialogue in order to maintain the balance of beneficiaries and the environment. Both beneficiary countries and payers should invest in longer-term and more efficient REDD+ practices, such as long-term programs and more
defined criteria for project evaluation.
Public awareness and willingness to pay (WTP) for forest conservation in Malaysia
Authors: Sin M.S. , Kamaludin M. , Qing W.H. , Abdullah M.
Published: April 2022

Protecting forests and their wildlife from threats such as encroachment, illegal logging and poaching is vital to safeguard their existence for future generations, and is crucial for the balance of our ecosystem. The Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) currently has a man-made forest under its protection where the forest area is managed sustainably and systematically to ensure the ecosystem in Kuala Lumpur remains in balance. In order to assess forest conservation and its impacts on the urban community, this study focuses on the level of public awareness for forest conservation and willingness to pay (WTP) to maintain the area. The importance and value of a forest are determined using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The mean WTP is affected by household income and education level. This research provides a guideline for stakeholders in forest areas and evaluates public awareness via their WTP for forest conservation. Moreover, knowledge of forest conservation by communities helps governments in resolving common problems relating to forestry policy, administration, and management.
Implementation and challenges of portable blood gas measurements in air medical transport
Authors: Murali Anjana , Guyette Francis X. , Martin-Gill Christian , Jones Marion , Kravetsky Matthew , Wheeler Sarah E.
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Ventilator management in prehospital settings using end-tidal CO2 can lead to inappropriate ventilation in the absence of point of care blood gas (POCBG) measurements. Implementation of POCBG testing in helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) is limited in part because of concern for preanalytical and analytical errors due to altitude, vibration, and other associated environmental factors and due to insufficient documentation of implementation challenges.

Methods

We performed accuracy and precision verification studies using standard materials tested pre-, in-, and post-flight (n=10) in a large HEMS agency. Quality assurance error log data were extracted and summarized for common POCBG errors during the first 31 months of use and air medical transport personnel were surveyed regarding POCBG use (n=63).

Results

No clinically significant differences were found between pre-, in-, and post-flight blood gas measurements. Error log data demonstrated a reduction in device errors over time. Survey participants found troubleshooting device errors and learning new clinical processes to be the largest barriers to implementation. Continued challenges for participants coincided with error log data including temperature and sampling difficulties. Survey participants indicated that POCBG testing improved patient management.

Conclusions

POCBG testing does not appear to be compromised by the HEMS environment. Temperature excursions can be reduced by use of insulated transport bags with heating and cooling packs. Availability of POCBG results in air medical transport appeared to improve ventilator management, increase recognition of ventilation-perfusion mismatch, and improve patient tolerance of ventilation.
Study on Comprehensive Discrimination Method of Fluid Phase Behavior in Low-Permeability Reservoir for Blood Flow Modelling
Authors: Kang Yuanyuan , Lv Jianguo , He Yongyao
Published: April 2022

Taking the low-permeability reservoir of complex sandy conglomerate reservoir of Kongdian Formation in Bozhong structure as the research goal, the comprehensive discrimination method of fluid phase state category of low-permeability reservoir is studied. This article analyzes the division method, genesis, and geological characteristics of low-permeability reservoirs and the distribution law of fluid phase. Based on the gas state equation and gas-liquid phase equilibrium equation, combined with thermodynamic theory, hydrocarbon fluid phase simulation is carried out by calculating bubble point pressure, dew point pressure, and other parameters. Combining the analysis results of fluid composition of typical wells, the fluid types of low-permeability reservoirs in complex glutenite reservoirs of Kongdian Formation in Bozhong structure are comprehensively distinguished by using phase diagram discrimination method and empirical statistical method of hydrocarbon composition combination parameters. The results show that the phase diagram discrimination method is consistent with the empirical statistical method of hydrocarbon composition combination parameters, and the discrimination accuracy of phase state category is close to 100 %. It is concluded that the low-permeability reservoir of complex sandy conglomerate reservoir of Kongdian Formation in Bozhong structure is mainly oil-free condensate gas reservoir.
3D Image Analysis of Sports Technical Features and Sports Training Methods Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Mei Zhu
Published: April 2022

This article studies the three-dimensional (3D) image analysis and sports training methods of sports technical characteristics. This research uses the current sports technology diagnostic 3D video analysis system as a platform to build a database and knowledge base based on athletes’ 3D sports information and sports parameters and uses algorithms based on artificial intelligence machine-learning machines to analyze sports data, learn from it, and learn from sports technology. Actions make analytical decisions and predictions. Then, it analyzes the human-motion behavior with the concept of traditional and virtual reality technology. The effectiveness of athletes’ technical movements, using mathematical statistics, artificial intelligence, and other research methods, integrates and draws on the research methods of sports biomechanics, graphical imaging, human anatomy, expert systems, and neural networks. A neural network not only inherits certain characteristics of biology but also has its own unique characteristics, such as large-scale parallel processing, strong fault tolerance, and self-learning functions. Neural networks have a wide range of applications in information processing, pattern recognition, optimization, and other issues. By analyzing the application status of artificial intelligence technology in sports, the development prospects of sports training based on artificial intelligence can be inferred. Based on the acquisition of sports-related data, the evaluation of functional action modes, sports techniques, etc., is established. The multi-target feedback training method ultimately helps athletes improve their training level. Experimental data show that for the human body walking toward the camera, the rotation angle between adjacent frames is close to 0°, and the translational position is basically 5 cm. The experimental results show that 3D image analysis and related sports training methods based on specific sports technical characteristics are conducive to athletes’ performance improvement.
A personalidade antissocial escondida sob a máscara de um palhaço
Authors: Teixeira Natalie , Garavelli M.
Published: April 2022

A personalidade é aquilo que nos caracteriza e individualiza socialmente, sendo assim, quando se fala em transtorno de personalidade entende-se primordialmente que se trata de um desvio daquilo que é considerado como padrão, ideal ou comum. O transtorno de personalidade antissocial constitui-se de desrespeito e violação dos direitos alheios adjuntos à irritabilidade e agressividade, propensão para enganar, ausência de remorso por ferir ou danar outrem, dentre outras características. Divergindo de criminosos comuns os psicopatas, portadores da personalidade antissocial, buscam os próprios prazeres convictos de que, para tal, todas as coisas lhe são permitidas sejam estas lícitas ou não. Quando matam, desejam apenas reafirmar sua autoridade e autoestima humilhando suas vítimas, dispondo de total discernimento de seus atos e consequências dos mesmos. Percebe-se assim, a necessidade de que tais indivíduos sejam tratados com todo rigor da lei e, quando submetidos à ressocializações, deve existir, também, o acompanhamento psiquiátrico objetivando alcançar dentro das possibilidades, a resolução completa do problem
Toxicologia forense: estudo bibliográfico sobre as técnicas relacionadas à química analítica nas investigações criminais
Authors: De Alencar Kalleu , Sampaio Caroline de Goes , Alves Francisco de Assis Francelino
Published: April 2022

A aplicação dos conhecimentos científicos, com o passar dos anos, na área pericial, vem se modernizando cada vez mais e evidenciando os conceitos e práticas das ciências forenses como artifício judicial. Novas técnicas são descobertas e outras, já existentes, são aprimoradas. Este artigo trata de uma das diversas áreas das ciências forenses, a Toxicologia Forense, a qual é o estudo da aplicação dos conhecimentos toxicológicos com os propósitos da lei, ou seja, é conhecimento científico auxiliando nas investigações criminais. Nesta revisão, técnicas usadas pela química analítica, como as análises cromatográficas e espectrometrias, e aplicadas pela perícia forense foram abordadas e discutidas através de uma análise de artigos do periódico Química Nova, no âmbito da toxicologia forense, com o objetivo de apresentar a importância da química analítica nas investigações judiciais, especificamente, na contribuição de soluções criminais no campo da toxicologia forense.
Identificação humana através de perícia odonto-legal: relato de caso
Authors: Porto Lucia Virginia Mendonça Gomes , Catunda Raisa Queiroz , De Sousa Janaina Ribeiro
Published: April 2022

O estudo dos elementos dentários merece destaque não apenas pela importância fisiológica, mas também pela contribuição jurídica, social e humanitária. Em situações onde o reconhecimento visual e a dactiloscopia não sejam possíveis (corpos destruídos pela ação do fogo, do tempo ou crânios separados do esqueleto), a busca da identidade pelo exame dos dentes tem destaque e pode ser o único método possível de aplicação. A identificação Odonto-Legal tem metodologia comparativa - cotejo de características do material examinado (dados post-mortem) com características assinaladas em um momento anterior (dados ante-mortem). Assim, é imprescindível um registro arquivado adequadamente e que retrate de forma fiel e completa as condições bucais do examinado. O presente relato de caso descreve o confronto de um prontuário odontológico com os dados obtidos no exame necroscópico no intuito de identificar um corpo carbonizado no Instituto de Medicina e Odontologia Legal de Patos - Paraíba - Brasil. Foram encontrados sete pontos de concordância e destes, três são fortemente individualizadores. Não foram constatadas incompatibilidades, restando concluir pela identificação. A técnica Odonto-Legal destaca-se pela simplicidade, efetividade e baixo custo. O prontuário é, muitas vezes, o único recurso que se pode lançar mão na busca pela identidade e deve ser construído em todo e qualquer procedimento odontológico, tornando-se uma poderosa ferramenta para as Ciências Forenses
Análise da diluição do conjunto-imagem e demais elementos merceológicos nos crimes de concorrência desleal
Authors: Koch Daniel Buhatem
Published: April 2022

Tribunais pátrios vêm sedimentando o entendimento acerca da imprescindibilidade da perícia nos crimes de concorrência desleal pela violação do conjunto-imagem, também chamado de trade dress, de produtos e serviços. No âmbito criminalístico, o presente artigo aborda a questão com direcionamento aos Peritos atuantes em merceologia forense e propriedade intelectual, com esclarecimentos acerca do tema revelados através de julgados recentes do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Atuações específicas do expert no caso concreto se mostram necessárias, realizando a análise, comparação e avaliação de elementos formais dos produtos em litígio, mas também de elementos relevantes de diluição do conjunto-imagem no mercado. A mera comparação de semelhanças e divergências de produtos, nos casos de concorrência desleal, pode gerar grandes prejuízos para o mercado consumidor que a Lei de Propriedade Industrial visa proteger.
Assessing spatial interpolation based on sampling size and point geometry in elevation mapping applications
Authors: Batur Maryna O.
Published: April 2022

In order to produce a correct elevation map, it is necessary to use not only the accurate technology for data acquisition, but also to utilize an appropriate method of interpolation, which will reflect the topographic features in a reliable manner. The first key element in elevation map production is the proper geometrical distribution of measurement points. The second key component is the density of measurement points, which indicates the distance between pairs in the dataset. In this study, two different types of sampling design were taken into account, random and systematic sampling, to create the elevation map. In random sampling, 33 points were used with the distance in the range of 15–30 km. In systematic sampling, a total of 100 points were utilized located at the distance of 5 km apart. Then, two distinct methods of interpolation were applied to produce a map: deterministic (Inverse Distance Weighting) and geostatistical (Ordinary Kriging with application of the Gaussian, Exponential, and Spherical fitting separately). These methods were compared using a statistical approach to validate the predictive abilities of the chosen interpolation methods. As the results showed, the geostatistical method, namely, Ordinary Kriging with Exponential fitting, revealed better performance compared to the deterministic. It was seen that the overall performance of the interpolated map varies with the number of points in the dataset and strongly relates to the sampling design. In the case of systematic sampling, the accuracy of the map was found to be much better compared to the results of random sampling. It was also proposed to use the error maps in order to identify areas with the maximum residuals. It became apparent that in the case of random sampling, the greatest errors were mostly concentrated in the areas where distances between the measured points were fairly large. By contrast, in the case of systematic sampling, the largest residuals were found in areas with complex topological patterns, especially in the regions with a steep slope gradient. Choosing the appropriate method of interpolation with the minimum error is of great importance in geostatistical operations and topographic engineering. Thus, the current manuscript may serve as a guideline in making the right decision concerning the interpolation method in elevation mapping applications of 1:2000000–1:1000000 scales.
Soil-degradation zoning of Lviv Oblast
Authors: Haskevych Volodymyr H. , Lemeha Nadiia M. , Vitvitskyi Yaroslav Y.
Published: April 2022

We propose a scheme of soil-degradation zoning of Lviv Oblast, which comprehensively illuminates the problem of degradation and focuses on regional differences in the manifestation and complexity of dominant degradation processes. The highest taxonomic unit of soil-degradation zoning is the soil-degradation country, which in turn is divided into a soil-degradation zone, province, county and district. This classification is based on the landscape features of the study area, the dominant types and kinds of degradation processes. In accordance with the zoning of Lviv Oblast, we have identified the following soil degradation taxa: 2 countries, 3 zones, 5 provinces, 14 counties and 31 districts. The soil-degradation country of the East European Plain unites two soil-degradation zones: Polissia mixed forests and broad-leaved forest zones. The soil-degradation zone (Polissia mixed forests) is best characterized by the processes of deflation and physical degradations. The processes of water erosion and physical degradation of soils dominate within the soil degradation zone (broad-leaved forest zone). Those zones also manifest pyrogenic and chemical degradations. The Carpathian soil-degradation country within Lviv Oblast (the Ukrainian Carpathian zone) is characterized by the distribution of geo-ecological anomalies, mechanical and physical soil degradations. The complex lithological features and geomorphology of the territory in the context of uneven anthropogenic impact determine the intensity of manifestation of degradation. Disturbing the natural stability of the soil cover in the conditions of the mountainous terrain contributes to the activation of the manifestation of degradation processes of geo-ecological anomalies. The problem of soil degradation in Lviv Oblast in the conditions of long-term, intense, and often consumer-orientated agricultural use is considered one of the most urgent tasks of modern agricultural production, soil science, ecology, land management, and environmental protection in general. In addition to arable land, the soils of the Carpathians are degrading due to excessive and often predatory deforestation, recreation and pressure from tourists. As evidenced by numerous scientific publications and our own research, soils are subject to water and wind erosions, overconsolidation and loss of structure, dehumification, depletion, desiccation and aridisation, pyrogenic degradation, contamination by agrochemicals, domestic and industrial wastes, etc. The status of the soils and land resources of the study area is close to critical.
The geographical location, current state and forecasting of development of renewable energy facilities within Lviv region
Authors: Ivanov Yevhen A. , Krychevska Diana A. , Lopushanska Mariia R. , Pylypovych Olga V.
Published: April 2022

Ukraine, as a member of the European Energy Community, has committed itself  to achieve a share of 12 % renewables in its final energy generation by 2025 and a share of at least 25 % by 2035 (including all hydropower and thermal energy capacities). In 2019, the share of renewables in electricity generation in Ukraine was only 4 %. Renewables produce 4 % of total electricity production in Lviv region. According to this indicator, the region is the leader in the Western Ukraine. The paper analyzes the geographical location and the current state of renewable energy facilities in the Lviv region and forecasting their further development. As of July 1, 2020, in Lviv region there are 67 renewable energy facilities with a total capacity of over 310 MW. Most of the renewables supply electricity to the integrated energy system at a “green” tariff. They include two wind power plants with a total capacity of 33.9 MW in Staryy Sambir district; 59 industrial solar power plants with a total capacity of over than 275 MW in 15 administrative districts of Lviv region, Boryslav and Chervonohrad cities; two mini hydropower plants with a total capacity of 0.576 MW in Drohobych and Turka districts; three mini heat and electricity production plants running on biomass and producing electricity and thermal energy (Radekhiv heat and electricity production plant with a capacity of 2.4 MW, other heat and electricity production plants with a total capacity of 3.66 MW); one biomass electricity production plant operating in the Eco-Mit LLC pig farm in the village of Batyatychi in Kamianka-Buzka district. In addition, 985 solar electricity production plants at private households were built in 20 administrative districts and 9 cities in the region. Their total capacity is over 19 MW, which is equivalent to average capacity of one industrial solar electricity production plant. The leader in the number of industrial facilities for renewable energy is Yavoriv district, where almost half of the total renewables’ capacity of Lviv region is concentrated. The largest number of solar electricity production plants of private households is located in Pustomyty and Yavoriv districts, and Lviv city, whereas the lowest number in mountainous areas, particular in Turka and Skole districts. As of January 1, 2020, solar energy constituted 70 % of renewable energy in Lviv region. At the same time, according to the Development Strategy of Lviv region for the period of 2021–2027, the largest share in the structure of electricity production belongs to wind energy. The development of renewable energy in Ukraine depends on the rate of “green” tariff. The actual financial stimulus has led to a rapid increase in the share of renewables in total electricity generation in Ukraine and Lviv region in particular. Promising areas for renewable energy in Lviv region are wind and bioenergy developments.
Application of the Data Envelopment Analysis method to assess the efficiency of social and economic systems
Authors: Kniazevych Anna O. , Kraychuk Alexandr V. , Kraychuk Serhii O. , Ostapchuk Nataliia O.
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the relevant scientific and practical task – assessing the effectiveness of various types of existing systems by methods of mathematical modeling. In particular, the research investigates the efficiency of functioning of social and economic systems using nonparametric methods of mathematical modeling. For the verification of the results, the research uses the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is a modern method based on the creation of the efficiency limit. The article considers in detail the theoretical foundations of the DEA method, which is based on the problems of mathematical programming, namely, the problems of linear programming. The article presents main theoretical models of this nonparametric method for input and output and analyzes the technique of its application. As an example of the practical use of this method, the research suggests the analysis of the demographic situation in the regions of Ukraine based on the main demographic indicators – mortality and birth rate for a certain estimated period. In the process of analyzing the results of modeling, the research has identified two groups of regions – one with the most effective indicators of the demographic situation, and the second – with the least effective indicators. The selected groups of regions are invariant when using different models of the method. The calculations obtained in the process of modeling confirm the real condition of the demographic situation in the regions of Ukraine, which is characterized by the actual statistical indicators of the population in regions. For each region, the research has established reference regions, which in their structure are similar to the structure of indicators of given regions and are a certain model and reference point for the practical improvement of the demographic situation. The recommended values of indicators that set the direction of improving the demographic situation in each specific region of Ukraine have also been calculated during the research.
Nosogeographic assessment of the adult population morbidity of the Sumy region (Ukraine)
Authors: Kornus Olesia H. , Kornus Anatolii O. , Skyba Оlha M. , Shyshchuk Volodymyr D. , Pshenychna Liubov V. , Danylchenko Olena S.
Published: April 2022

The aim of the article is the nosogeographic assessment of the adult population morbidity of the Sumy region during 2009–2019. The assessment was made by primary morbidity and prevalence of cardiovascular, respiratory diseases as well as oncological pathologies. There is a tendency towards a decrease of diseases prevalence as well as primary morbidity of above mentioned diseases among the adult population of the Sumy region in 2019 as compared to the “top” indicators in 2016 and 2017. The prevalence of diseases among the region’s population in 2019 decreased by 9.72 % and 9.40 % compared to 2016 and 2017, respectively, while the primary morbidity rate decreased by 13.9% and 10.29%, respectively. The indicators of diseases prevalence and population primary morbidity by cardiovascular diseases and neoplasm which are basic causes of mortality in Ukraine, as well as the European Union were analyzed. During the last 10 years highest indicators of prevalence of the cardiovascular diseases were registered in 2018 (57, 459.63 cases per 100 000 people) and primary cardiovascular morbidity – in 2016 (4 394.71 cases per 100 000 people). Prevalence of neoplasm among the Sumy region’s inhabitants for the last 10 years increased by 29.59 % and in 2019 was 6 126.43 cases per 100 000 people. At the same time the primary morbidity increased by 6.18 %. Respiratory diseases occupy the 1st place in the structure of primary population morbidity, the 2nd place – in structure of prevalence of the diseases); its highest indicators were observed in 2016. The index of accumulation of the diseases (the ratio between prevalence of diseases and primary morbidity) among the Sumy region population and by administrative-territorial districts was identified. To realize the nosogeographic assessment of the adult population of the Sumy region and to highlight the groups of the administrative-territorial districts of the Sumy region by the characteristics of population morbidity the cluster analysis procedure was used. The first cluster includes the Sumy and Seredyna- Buda districts. The second cluster was formed by 6 administrative-territorial districts of the region: Yampil’, Hlukhiv, Trostianets, Krasnopillia, Shostka and Velyka Pysarivka districts. The third cluster united both Romny and Buryn’ districts. The fourth cluster includes most of administrative-territorial districts of the region: Lypova Dolyna, Nedryhailiv, Lebedyn, Krolevets, Konotop, Putyvl’, Okhtyrka and Bilopillia districts. The fifth cluster is represented by the regional center – the city of Sumy.