bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IN THE MEMORIAL YEAR OF STANISLAV I. ZALESKY, ORDINARY PROFESSOR, MEDICAL SCIENTIST, AND RUSSIAN STATESMAN
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, PEREDERINA IRINA A. , BAKUSHINA SOFIA A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, TVERYAKOVA ELENA N. ,   Siberian State Medical University, MIROSHNICHENKO YULIA YU. ,   Siberian State Medical University, ZYKOVA MARIA V. ,   Siberian State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. In the year of the 165th anniversary of Ordinary Professor Stanislav I. Zalesky, collecting and structuring the materials about his scientific discoveries and his public and social reforms allow us to thankfully and highly appreciate his contribution to the development of Siberia and the Russian state as whole. Aim of the study is to estimate S. I. Zalesky’s importance for the progress of the medicine, chemistry, balneology, hydrology, and public life of the state and for the development of new approaches in teaching chemistry. Materials and Methods. In preparing this paper, we used the theoretical text analysis of lectures, speeches, dissertations, historical articles, and publications in the album of biographies. We present the analysis of the professor’s activities within the period of 1850-1890s. Results and Discussion. Working with Professor S. I. Zalesky’s research materials allows us to evaluate his contribution to various areas of science. Having got medical background and achieved considerable successes in studying anatomy, he worked his scientific way from a physician through a chemical scientist and made a great progress in this area. His interdisciplinary activities allowed Zalesky to be first to isolate ferritin, to discover the linkage between the spread of cholera and the water supply to populated areas, and to make much more important conclusions. Организовывал научные экспедиции совместно со студентами, в ходе которых был проведен химико-геологический и клима- тический анализ местных озер. Being a scientist eternally committed to his native Polish land, he established the fundamentals of studying and teaching chemistry in Siberia, having proposed the principle of profiling. He defined the importance of physiological, pathological, pharmaceutical, and geological chemistry. He studied micro- and macro- chemical reactions to iron in biological media, contributed to opening forensic institutions in Tomsk, initiated the studies of physiography of Siberia in terms of balneology, hydrology, and chemistry. Together with his students, he arranged research expeditions where they performed the chemical, geological, and climatic analyses of local lakes. Conclusions. Based on the theoretical analysis and structurization of materials available, we could evaluate the special contributions made by Professor S. I. Zalesky to the development of various areas of science.
The efficacy of teaching modules in enhancing students' sense of physics: Newton's laws
Authors: Sari Annisa Maya , Purwaningsih Endang , Khusaini Khusaini
Published: June 2024

Sensemaking plays a crucial role as a bridge for students' understanding and intuition with explanations, thus addressing knowledge gaps. This bridging function helps students build new knowledge and comprehend related content materials. However, when facing physics problems, most students tend to engage in "answer-making" by presenting answers in the form of mathematical equations. This phenomenon of engaging in "answer-making" eventually causes students to perceive that physics does not "make sense." In response to this concern, a valid teaching module on improving students' sense of physics has been developed. This study is a quasi-experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The posttest outcomes reveal an enhancement in the students'  sense of physics among 60 students from two schools in Malang and Batu after they used the teaching module on Newton's Laws. However, when examining each indicator of students' sense of physics, further efforts are still needed to enhance the level of students' sense of physics.
Computational mapping analysis of artificial intelligence in education publications: A bibliometric approach utilizing vosviewer
Authors: Rahim Fanny Rahmatina , Widodo Ari
Published: June 2024

In recent years, interest in the application of AI in education has increased significantly. However, there has been no research explaining the research trends in this area through bibliometric analysis. The goal of this study was to undertake a bibliometric analysis to look at how research on artificial intelligence (AI) in education has evolved. This study used open access bibliometric software for conducting exploratory research and discovering new research directions. It focuses on VOSviewer, a freely available software tool designed to analyze and visualize bibliometric relationships across various variables. Starting with existing examples, the paper then presents an original case study utilizing bibliometrics to investigate the impact of AI on education. Using Scopus data and VOSviewer, this case study analyzes and compares co-occurrence patterns among publications over a decade, showcasing how such software can effectively support preliminary investigations and influence more formal research endeavors.
Practice rehearsal pairs with dynamic video media: Improving students' kinematics graph interpretation skills
Authors: Hariroh Luluk , Hidayat Arif , Sutopo Sutopo , Purwaningsih Endang
Published: June 2024

This study aims to examine the impact of Practice Rehearsal Pairs (PRPs) with Dynamic Video Media (DVM) on improving students' skills to interpret kinematics graphs in Physics subjects among junior high school students in Malang. This research is descriptive with a quantitative approach. Data collection was conducted through tests, observations with open questionnaires to three classes totaling 77 eighth-grade students in Malang City. Semi-structured interview participant selection was carried out to obtain detailed and in-depth answers from the students' perspectives. The instrument used to explore kinematics graph interpretation abilities consisted of 10 kinematics graph questions taken from The Test of Understanding Graphs in Kinematics (TUG-K). The research results show that eighth-grade junior high school students in Malang have a low ability to interpret kinematics graphs, with an average initial exploration ability score of 54.6. The difficulties experienced by students include reading graphs through slope/gradient, area under the graph, and direct graph reading. The PRPs learning model with DVM can improve the ability to interpret kinematics graphs of junior high school students. In the three experimental classes, there was an increase in initial exploration ability scores and final ability test scores. The non-parametric test results using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test show that all three classes have a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 < 0.05, thus it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the initial and final abilities of students in the experimental classes before and after the implementation of PRPs and the use of DVM. This indicates that the PRPs learning model with DVM can improve the ability to interpret kinematics graphs of junior high school students.
Adaptation of fire safety norms at an enterprise
Authors: Ushakova I. N. , Svistun A. L.
Published: June 2024

Safe operation of enterprises in the metallurgical and foundry industries largely depends on ensuring fire safety. Therefore, at enterprises, the adaptation of fire safety norms is of great importance. Categorization of premises and buildings according to explosion and fire hazards is carried out. 

The article provides an example of calculating the categorization of a room where there is no release of radiant heat, sparks, and flames – a garage for storing vehicles. This facility can be located in the same room or building as foundry and metallurgical shops.
Manufacturing of die blanks from hard alloy granulated mixture and influence of chemical composition of the mixture on technological properties of hard alloy die blanks
Authors: Khodosovskaya O. Yu. , Ovsyanikova L. V. , Gapeenko I. V.
Published: June 2024

The technology of manufacturing dies from a hard alloy granulated mixture includes the following operations: preparation of raw materials, forming of blanks, and subsequent sintering. The preparation of hard alloy mixtures consisting of carbide powders and binder metals is one of the main operations in the production of hard alloys. The properties of the resulting alloys largely depend on the conditions of performing this operation. All operations are interconnected, and any change in technological parameters can lead to a change in the formation of the final material structure and, consequently, its properties. This article discusses the technology of manufacturing and the production process of die blanks from a hard alloy granulated mixture. The results of laboratory studies of the hard alloy mixture, the manufacture, and production tests of die blanks are described.
Prospects of coating application for improving surface properties of cast composite materials
Authors: Matsinov S. A. , Kalinichenko V. A. , Andrushevich A. A.
Published: June 2024

Foundry production is a versatile industry that allows the production of products of almost any configuration and geometric dimensions. These products can be made from materials based on various metals and alloys, bimetallics, and composite materials. The obtained products can have uniform or gradient properties. However, to obtain a product with significantly different properties on the surface and in the volume from the casting, it is expedient to apply coatings with desired properties on the castings that complement the properties, allowing the improvement of coating performance. The paper focuses on the production of cast composite materials with improved surface properties. Various types of coatings based on high‑entropy alloys, cermets, polymers, carbon nanotubes, capable of enhancing the properties of cast composite materials, are considered. The classification and peculiarities of applying these coatings on the surface of composite materials are presented. The prospects of using these coatings to improve the properties of cast composite materials are shown.
Technology of flame‑induction heating of ferrous metal shavings in hot briquetting installations
Authors: Dyakonov O. M. , Sereda V. Ju.
Published: June 2024

As a result of the study of flame‑induction heating of steel and cast iron shavings, optimal heating modes, dimensions of the furnace and the ratio of the sizes of its components (gas‑flame and induction heaters) were established, which served as the basis for the development of a new heating technology, which ensures minimization of dimensions in comparison with known analogues, increasing the productivity and efficiency of the furnace. It has been established that at the stage of evaporation and removal of water vapor and light oil fractions from the chips in the temperature range of 100–550 °C until the optimal oil concentration of 1.5–3.0 % is achieved, among all known methods of muffle heating, gas‑flame heating is the most economical and productive heating, and subsequently, when heating a dehydrated porous mass of metal with a density of 1100–1700 kg/m3 to 850 °C – induction heating in an atmosphere of products of thermal sublimation and destruction of coolant. It is advisable to carry out induction heating with a current frequency of 2.0–2.4 kHz with a ratio of the lengths of the gas‑flame and induction heating zones of 2.0–2.5 and the dimensions of the inductor (height to hole diameter) of 3.7–4.0. The degree of oxidation of hot‑pressed briquettes corresponds to the initial oxygen content in the chips: for steel – 1.3–1.7 %, for cast iron – 0.46–0.47 %. The data obtained made it possible to develop a technology for flame‑induction heating of ferrous metal shavings, as well as the design of a small‑sized furnace with a specific productivity of 6500–9500 kg/m2·h and an efficiency of 40–45 %.
Unveiling Delays: Understanding the Diagnostic Pathways of Women with Cervical Cancer
Authors: Nogueira Cristiane Matos , Reis Bruna Sena , Meneses Aerica Figueiredo Pereira , Mellado Bruna Helena , Reis Francisco José Candido dos
Published: June 2024

Purpose. This qualitative inquiry delves into the diagnostic odyssey experienced by women diagnosed with locally advanced cervical cancer, seeking to elucidate the multifaceted factors influencing symptom recognition and access to healthcare services.
Methods. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 17 women diagnosed with locally advanced cervical cancer. The transcribed interviews were explored using thematic analysis.
Results. From their narratives emerged two overarching themes of significance. "Personal Attitude: from symptom recognition to seeking healthcare" encapsulates the intricate interplay of individual perceptions of symptoms and the decision-making processes involved in seeking medical assistance. Conversely, "Weaknesses of the health system: from access to referral," unveils systemic obstacles hindering prompt access to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Conclusion. These insights shed light on the convoluted pathways and inherent delays embedded within the diagnostic trajectory of cervical cancer patients. It underscores the imperative need of comprehensive strategies encompassing enhanced patient education, rigorous healthcare provider training, streamlined pathways to tertiary care, and the cultivation of empathetic healthcare interactions. In these concerted efforts lies the potential to alleviate the burden borne by women afflicted with cervical cancer, fostering early detection, and facilitating timely interventions to optimize clinical outcomes.
Radiocatalytic synthesis of ammonia under ambient conditions with efficiency exceeding that of Haber–Bosch process
Authors: Ma Jun , Hu Changjiang , Zhao Junyi , Jiang Zhiwen , Wang Degao , Ouyang Xiaoping , Wang Shuao
Published: June 2024

Ammonia is an essential component to keep the world fed and fueled, but its industrial production through Haber–Bosch process requires high pressure and high temperature and is, therefore, energy- and emission-intensive. Few ammonia synthesis techniques have granted the capability to achieve comparable efficiency so far, even those that achieve comparable levels face substantial challenges in industrial scaling. Here, we reported that radiation-generated H atoms can activate the N≡N triple bond and enable NH3 conversion from water and nitrogen at room temperature and standard pressure. The water radiolysis with an electron-beam provided by a commercially available electron accelerator with the aid of a nanoscale metal–organic framework, i.e., Hf-UiO-66, achieves unprecedented NH3 yield rates of 48 μmol g−1 s−1. We attribute the high rate to promoted H atom generation associated with the reaction of hydrated electrons with an acid, the fragmentation of excited water, and the scavenging of symbiosis hydroxyl radical. Based on measured radiation-chemical yield around 0.06 μmol J−1, the energy efficiency is estimated to be approximately 17 MJ/mol NH3. The findings showed radiocatalysis NH3 synthesis can achieve conversions and rates that exceed those of the Haber–Bosch process. Owing to its operational simplicity and efficacy, H-atom-mediated radiation chemistry may provide a game-changing opportunity toward sustainable, decentralized, low-carbon NH3 production.
Short-term clinical outcomes of biceps tenodesis and SLAP repair for Type V SLAP lesions caused by anterior shoulder instability in active-duty military patients
Authors: Zhou Peng , Han Fei , Zhao MaoSheng , Li ShenSong , Zhang Peng
Published: June 2024

Purpose
To compare the outcomes of arthroscopic Bankart repair combined with arthroscopic SLAP repair and arthroscopic Bankart repair combined with subpectoral biceps tenodesis in active-duty military individuals with type V SLAP lesions.
Methods
From June 2015 to June 2021, all patients with type V SLAP lesions who underwent Bankart repair surgery simultaneously with arthroscopic SLAP repair or combined with biceps tenodesis and who were followed up for at least 2 years were included in the study. The clinical data of 28 patients who underwent Bankart repair combined with arthroscopic SLAP repair (repair group) were compared with those of 22 patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair combined with suprascapular biceps tenodesis (tenodesis group). The findings of the preoperative and postoperative clinical assessments, physical examination, injury mechanism assessment, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination were reviewed. Patient-reported disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) scores, Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) scores, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain and satisfaction were evaluated.
Results
Both groups of patients met the study's inclusion criteria. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of preoperative range of motion or outcome evaluations. The DASH, ASES, WOSI, and VAS scores of the two groups were significantly greater at the last follow-up than before surgery (P < 0.01). Compared with the repair group, the tenodesis group had significantly better postoperative WOSI and DASH scores (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Both arthroscopic Bankart repair combined with suprascapular biceps tenodesis and arthroscopic Bankart repair combined with SLAP lesion repair can effectively treat type V SLAP lesions, as indicated by significant improvements in postoperative clinical outcomes and pain scores. However, we found that early clinical outcomes are better for biceps tenodesis combined with anterior labral repair than for arthroscopic type V SLAP lesion repair in active-duty military patients.
Level of evidence:
Level III.
The Clinical Value of Non-invasive Lung Ultrasound in Assessing Pediatric Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia
Authors: Zhang Shushan , Ye Dalin , Pi Songying , Ou Zhaoxing , Wu Qunyan , Chen Binghui , Lu Wuzhu
Published: June 2024

Objective
To investigate the clinical value of bedside lung ultrasound (LUS) in the non-invasive assessment of lung lesions in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).
Methods
A total of 47 children with MPP hospitalized at our hospital from October 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023 were included. All children underwent LUS and chest CT examinations. The sonographic patterns of lung lesions were observed and scored using LUS, and the results were compared with chest CT as the “gold standard” to evaluate the comparability of LUS and chest CT in the diagnosis of pediatric MPP.
Results
The main LUS findings in children with MPP were interstitial edema (87.2%, 41/47) and lung consolidation (55.3%, 26/47), with bilateral involvement predominantly affecting the basal and dorsal regions of the lung. There was a moderate agreement between bedside LUS and chest CT in assessing lung lesions in children with MPP (Kappa = 0.609). The positive rate of MPP detected by LUS was 87.2% (41/47), and LUS’ accuracy in diagnosing MPP was 74.4% (35/47). In evaluating mild, moderate, and severe MPP, the sensitivity of LUS was 73.3%, 70.6%, and 72.7%; the specificity was 84.3%, 84.3%, and 100.0%; and the accuracy was 80.9%, 85.1%, and 93.6%, respectively.
Conclusion
LUS demonstrates a good performance in the assessment of lung lesions in children with MPP, and is worthy of further clinical promotion.
Citrate potassium/citrate sodium prevents the renal injury of adenine-induced nephropathy in mice
Authors: Abe Michiaki , Watanabe Shun , Toyohara Takafumi , Ishizawa Kota , Miyazaki Mariko , Tanaka Tetsuhiro , Abe Takaaki , Ishii Tadashi
Published: June 2024

Background
Metabolic acidosis is a result and a risk factor of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Alkali loads can neutralize acidosis, but the reno-protective effects of the supplementation on CKD have been limited. Here we evaluated the reno-protective effect of the alkali supplement, potassium citrate/sodium citrate tablet (PCSC), on an adenine-induced-CKD animal model.
Methods
To evaluate the reno-protective effects of PCSC, mice (C57BL/6J, female, 5 weeks) orally administrated with adenine for 18 days were compared between the PCSC group and the vehicle. The weights of the body, heart, bilateral kidneys, quadriceps femoris, renal function, and histological changes were statistically analyzed
Results
Renal functions of both groups were not different, however, increments of kidney weights were significantly different (p=0.047). It was considered that PCSC suppressed adenine-induced acute injury. In the histological analysis, enlargement of the papilla area and tubular dilatation of the cortex were diminished in the PCSC group.
Conclusion
This is the first report demonstrating that PCSC prevented the development of renal tubulointerstitial injury of the murine adenine-induced CKD model.
Evaluation of Aav Capsids and Delivery Approaches for Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Gene Therapy
Authors: Yadav Alka , Liang Rich , Press Kelly , Schmidt Annika , Shabani Zahra , Leng Kun , Wang Calvin , Sekhar Abinav , Shi Joshua , Devlin Garth W , Gonzalez Trevor J. , Asokan Aravind , Su Hua
Published: June 2024

Nosebleeds and intracranial hemorrhage from brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are among the most devastating symptoms of patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis (HHT). All available managements have limitations. We showed that intravenous delivery of soluble FMS-related tyrosine kinase 1 using an adeno-associated viral vector (AAV9-sFLT1) reduced bAVM severity of endoglin deficient mice. However, minor liver inflammation and growth arrest in young mice were observed. To identify AAV variants and delivery methods that can best transduce brain and nasal tissue with an optimal transduction profile, we compared 3 engineered AAV capsids (AAV.cc47, AAV.cc84 and AAV1RX) with AAV9. A single-stranded CBA promoter driven tdTomato transgene was packaged in these capsids and delivered intravenously (i.v.) or intranasally (i.n.) to wild-type mice. A CMV promoter driven Alk1 transgene was packaged into AAV.cc84 and delivered to PdgfbiCre;Alk1f/f mice through i.v. injection followed by brain AVM induction. Transduced cells in different organs, vessel density and abnormal vessels in the bAVMs, and liver inflammation were analyzed histologically. Liver and kidney function were measured enzymatically. Compared to other viral vectors, AAV.cc84, after i.v. delivery, transduced a high percentage of brain ECs and few hepatocytes; whereas after i.n. delivery, AAV.cc84 transduced ECs and perivascular cells in the brain, and ECs, epithelial cells, and skeletal muscles in the nose with minimum hepatocyte transduction. No changes to liver or kidney function were detected. Delivery of AAV.cc84-Alk1 through i.v. to PdgfbiCre;Alk1f/f mice reduced bAVM severity. In summary, we propose that AAV.cc84-Alk1 is a promising candidate for developing gene therapy in HHT patients.
Elucidating TREM2's Role in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Transcriptomic Approach
Authors: Liu Qi , Wu Ya-Ni , Yi Wan-Zhao , Gu Shuo-Shuo , Xia Ling-Xiao , Chen Jian-Ying , Liu Ting-Ting , Lu Ying-Hui , Cui Yu-Hong , Meng Jing , Pan Hong-Wei
Published: June 2024

Background Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a leading cause of vision loss in diabetic patients. This study aims to identify novel biomarkers for PDR progression using next-generation sequencing (NGS) transcriptome analysis.
Methods We conducted weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on RNA-seq data from 43 post-mortem donor retinas to identify key gene modules associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) stages. Differential gene expression analysis was performed on transcriptomes from PDR patients and healthy controls. Protein expression levels in retinal tissues from a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model were validated using immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses.
Results WGCNA identified the "MEyellow" module, comprising 231 genes, as significantly associated with PDR. Intersection analysis with differentially expressed genes revealed 29 key genes common to both datasets. Gene ontology (GO) analysis highlighted the biological significance of these genes, particularly TREM2. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses confirmed the upregulation of TREM2 and the microglial marker IBA-1 in retinal tissues from STZ-induced diabetic mice, corroborating its critical role.
Conclusions TREM2 is significantly implicated in the pathogenesis of PDR, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target to mitigate disease progression.
Can self-testing be enhanced to hasten safe return of healthcare workers in pandemics? Random order, open label trial using two manufacturers’ SARS-CoV-2 lateral flow devices concurrently
Authors: Zhang Xingna , Cheyne Christopher , Jones Christopher , Humann Michael , Leeming Gary , Smith Claire , Hughes David , Burnside Girvan , Dodd Susanna , Prentice-Randal Rebekah , Dong Xiaofeng , Semple Malcolm , Neal Timothy , Tunkel Sarah , Fowler Tom , Turtle Lance , García-Fiñana Marta , Buchan Iain
Published: June 2024

Background
Covid-19 healthcare worker testing, isolation and quarantine policies had to balance risks to patients from the virus and from staff absence. The emergence of the Omicron variant led to dangerous levels of key-worker absence globally.
We evaluated whether using two manufacturers’ lateral flow tests (LFTs) concurrently improved SARS-CoV-2 Omicron detection and was acceptable to hospital staff. In a nested study, to understand risks of return to work after a 5-day isolation/quarantine period, we examined virus culture 5-7 days after positive test or significant exposure.
Methods
Fully-vaccinated Liverpool (UK) University Hospitals staff participated (February-May 2022) in a random-order, open-label trial testing whether dual LFTs improved SARS-CoV2 detection, and whether dual swabbing was acceptable to users. Participants used nose-throat swab Innova and nose-only swab Orient Gene LFTs in daily randomised order for 10 days. A user-experience questionnaire was administered on exit. Selected participants gave swabs for viral culture on Days 5-7. Cultures were considered positive if cytopathic effect was apparent or SARs-COV2 N gene sub-genomic RNA was detected.
Results
226 individuals reported 1466 pairs of LFT results. Tests disagreed in 127 cases (8.7%). Orient Gene was more likely (78 cf. 49, P=0.03) to be positive. Orient Gene positive Innova negative result-pairs became more frequent over time (P<0.001). If Innova was swabbed second, it was less likely to agree with a positive Orient Gene result (P=0.005); swabbing first with Innova made no significant difference (P=0.85).
Of 311 individuals completing the exit questionnaire, 90.7% reported dual swabbing was easy, 57.1% said it was no barrier to their daily routine and 65.6% preferred dual testing. Respondents had more confidence in dual c.f. single test results (P<0.001).
Viral cultures from Days 5-7 were positive for 6/31 (19.4%, 7.5%-37.5%) and indeterminate for 11/31 (35.5%, 19.2%-54.6%) LFT-positive participants, indicating they were likely still infectious.
Conclusions
Dual brand testing increased LFT detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen by a small but meaningful margin and was acceptable to hospital workers. Viral cultures demonstrated that policies recommending safe return to work ~5 days after Omicron infection/exposure were flawed. Key-workers should be prepared for dynamic self-testing protocols in future pandemics.
Trial registration https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN47058442 (26 January 2022)
Aloe arborescens supplementation in drying-off dairy cows: influence on rumen, rectum and milk microbiomes
Authors: Cremonesi Paola , Biscarini Filippo , Conte Giuseppe , Piccioli-Cappelli Fiorenzo , Morandi Stefano , Silvetti Tiziana , Tringali Simona , Trevisi Erminio , Castiglioni Bianca , Brasca Milena
Published: June 2024

Background
In the context of the RABOLA project, lyophilised Aloe arborescens was administered orally to cows during the dry-off and peripartum periods. In this specific paper we wanted to i) examine whether oral administration of Aloe arborescens, in combination with the topical application of a teat sealant, could exert an effect on the microbial populations of three cow microbiomes (rumen, milk, rectum), between dry-off and peripartum; ii) to establish whether this effect is potentially healthy, particularly in terms of prevention against mammary infections. Dry-off and peripartum are critical physiological phases of the cow’s life, where both the mammary gland and the gastrointestinal tract undergo dramatic modifications, hence the relevance of evaluating the effects of dietary treatments.
Methods
Thirty multiparous dairy cows were randomly allocated to three groups: Control (antibiotic treatment and internal teat sealant), Sealant (only internal teat sealant) and Aloe (internal teat sealant and Aloe arborescens homogenate administered orally). For 16S rRNA gene sequencing, rumen, rectum and milk samples were collected, not synchronously, at the most critical timepoints around dry-off and calving, considering the physiological activity of each biological site.
Results
The rumen microbiome was predominantly characterized by Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes followed by Proteobacteria, while the rectum exhibited a prevalence of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The milk microbiome mainly comprised Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Alistipes spp., Ruminococcaceae UCG-10 group, Prevotellaceae UCG-001 group, and Bacteroides spp., involved in cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, enhancement of energy metabolism, and peptide breakdown, showed increment in the rectum microbiome with Aloe supplementation. The rectum microbiome in the Aloe group exhibited a significant increase in the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and alpha-diversity at seven days after dry-off period. Beta-diversity showed a significant separation between treatments for the rectum and milk microbiomes. Aloe supplementation seemed to enrich milk microbial composition, whereas the Sealant group showed greater diversity compared to the Control group, albeit this included an increase in microorganisms frequently associated with mastitis.
Conclusions
Aloe arborescens administration during the dry-off period did not demonstrate any observable impact on the microbial composition of the rumen, a finding further supported by volatilome analysis. Instead, the oral Aloe supplementation appears to significantly influence the composition of the dairy cow rectum and milk microbiomes in the following lactation.
Single-cell transcriptomic construction of fibroblast score for analysis of immune infiltration in primary and metastatic ovarian cancer
Authors: Ye Haiqiong , Ding Hongmei , Zheng Qinlin
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Ovarian cancer (OV) is a malignant gynecologic cancer with poor clinical outcomes and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to explore the immune infiltration between primary and metastatic ovarian cancer and the function of fibroblast differential marker in ovarian cancer immunomodulation.
Methods
Obtained single-cell transcriptome datasets of primary ovarian cancer and metastatic ovarian cancer, performed cell communication analysis and enrichment analysis. Constructed a new fibroblast score, constructed a prognostic model, screened for prognostically relevant fibroblast differential markers, and analyzed the role of differential markers in immune infiltration of ligand-receptor cells.
Results
Single-cell data analysis of ovarian cancer revealed the existence of intercellular communication between fibroblasts and mononuclear macrophages. COX one-way analysis of 28 differential genes in ovarian cancer fibroblasts yielded five genes with prognostic significance for ovarian cancer, and a new Fib score constructed on the basis of these five genes accurately predicted the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Further analysis of these five genes revealed that TIMP3 in ovarian cancer fibroblasts affected tumor prognosis, immunosuppression, and drug resistance by targeting M2-type macrophages through the regulation of the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis, which was specifically shown that the higher the expression of TIMP3, the worse the prognosis, the more significant the immune infiltration, and the more drug-resistant the ovarian cancer was.
Conclusion
In metastatic ovarian cancer, fibroblasts induce macrophage polarization through the TIMP3-regulated CXCL signaling pathway, which affects the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients and drug resistance of ovarian cancer cells.
Differentiated metabolomic profiling reveals plasma amino acid signatures for primary glomerular disease
Authors: Wang Jiao , Zhou Chunyu , Lu Liqian , Wang Shoujun , Zhang Qing , Liu Zhangsuo
Published: June 2024

Primary glomerular disease (PGD) is an idiopathic cause of renal glomerular lesions that is characterized by proteinuria or hematuria and is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The identification of circulating biomarkers for the diagnosis of PGD requires a thorough understanding of the metabolic defects involved. In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was performed to characterize the amino acid (AA) profiles of patients with pathologically diagnosed PGD, including minimal change disease (MCD), focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS), membranous nephropathy, and immunoglobulin A nephropathy. The plasma concentrations of asparagine and ornithine were low, and that of aspartic acid was high, in patients with all the pathologic types of PGD, compared to healthy controls. Two distinct diagnostic models were generated using the differential plasma AA profiles using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses, with areas under the curves of 1.000 and accuracies up to 100.0% in patients with MCD and FSGS. In conclusion, the progression of PGD is associated with alterations in AA profiles, The present findings provide a theoretical basis for the use of AAs as a non-invasive, real-time, rapid, and simple biomarker for the diagnosis of various pathologic types of PGD.
Role of the Tgf-beta/smad Pathway in Tumor Radioresistance to Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (Bnct) in a Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Line
Authors: Pastini Antonella , Peralta Tomas , Nievas Susana , Carpano Marina , Curotto Paula , Pozzi Emiliano , Thorp Silvia , Rodriguez Carla , Oglio Romina , Perona Marina , Thomasz Lisa , Juvenal Guillermo , Rossini Luciano , Dagrosa Maria Alejandra
Published: June 2024

BNCT is a radiotherapy for different tumors as colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Although clinical outcomes show advantages of BNCT, tumor recurrence remains a common challenge. Previously we have described the double strand DNA damage response (DDR) produced by BNCT. TGF beta/SMAD pathway has been involved in maintaining genomic integrity. The aim of these studies was to evaluate the activation of the TGF-beta/SMAD pathway, its interaction with the DDR pathway and the possible use of LY2109761 (Ly), a specific inhibitor of TGF beta receptor, as a radiosensitizer for BNCT. Six groups were performed in a human colon adenocarcinoma (HT29) cell line: NCT (neutrons), BNCT (boronophenylalanine plus neutrons), Control and the same three groups with the addition of Ly. The results showed an activation of the TFG beta/Smad cascade with an increase in the genomic expression of TGF beta, Smad7 and Atr (p<0.001) at 2 hours post neutron treatments compared to the Control. A significant decrease in the expression of Tgf-beta receptor type I, Smad7 and Atr for BNCT plus Ly was observed. Furthermore, it was demonstrated a decrease in tumor survival as a function of the total absorbed physical dose for all the treatments, being significantly higher in the groups treated with Ly. On the other hand, a lower number of Ki67+ cells with the addition of Ly was found. Conclusion: The activation of the TGF-beta/SMAD pathway and its interaction with the DNA repair via through ATR transductor was demonstrated. LY2109761 could act as a radiosensitizer for BNCT.
Morphological profiling of T cells predicts clinical response to VLA-4-targeting natalizumab therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Chaves Beatriz , Silva Juan Carlo Santos e , Nakaya Helder , Almeida Matheus , Bucciarelli Florence , Lacouture Claire , Prunier Guilhèn , Kari Saniya , Astier Anne , Medeiros Marco , Silva João Hermínio da , Liblau Roland , Cotta-de-Almeida Vinícius , Dupré Loïc
Published: June 2024

Despite the efficacy of natalizumab in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) treatment, approximately 30% of patients do not respond favorably. Individual heterogeneity of T-cell response to VLA-4 natalizumab-mediated blockade may underlie disparities in treatment efficacy. Here, a high-content cell imaging (HCI) pipeline was implemented to profile the in vitro effects of natalizumab on VLA-4-stimulated leukocytes from MS patients prior to treatment. Unsupervised clustering of image data partially discriminated non-responder MS patients based on morphology, F-actin organization, and signaling-related features in CD8+ T cells. Treatment response was assessed through a Random Forest approach with predictive performance of 91% for a discovery cohort and 70% for a validation cohort. Unfavorable treatment response was associated with the inefficacy of natalizumab to impair the ability of pretreated CD8+ T cells to spread over VCAM-1. Our study unveils that CD8+ T cells from individual MS patients display heterogeneous susceptibility to natalizumab in vitro and highlights the potential of HCI-based pretreatment monitoring to assist individualized treatment prescription.
Response of Root System to Sequential Salinity Conditions in Salinity-Tolerant/Sensitive Soybean Varieties
Authors: Rui Qiuzhi , Tajima Ryosuke , Ye Rongling , Kameoka Emi , Xu Donghe , Homma Koki
Published: June 2024

The root is one of the vital organs of soybean for combating salt stress. Previous studies have indicated that the salt-tolerant gene Ncl reduces the chloride and sodium ion content in stems and leaves, and it can significantly increase yield under saline conditions. The expression of theNcl gene is the highest in soybean roots. To further clarify the response of salt-tolerant soybean roots to salt stress, this study conducted hydroponic experiments on three groups of near-isogenic lines (NILs) with different salt tolerance levels, observing the effect of the gene Ncl on soybean root growth under ten salt concentrations. The results indicate that under salt stress, the Ncl gene not only maintains the biomass of aboveground parts but also sustains root biomass. However, the effect of the Ncl gene on root length varies among different NILs. Additionally, under salt stress, the Ncl gene improves morphological characteristics of the root, especially lateral roots number and root surface area. Concerning xylem sap, no significant difference was observed between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive varieties, indicating that the Ncl gene does not affect osmotic water absorption under salt stress. However, the hydraulic resistance of salt-tolerant varieties is significantly higher than that of salt-sensitive varieties. Finally, interactions between salt concentration and salt tolerance were observed in root dry weight and root volume, suggesting the Ncl gene makes a trade-off between root growth and soybean salt tolerance.
A abordagem STEAM como proposta pedagógica interdisciplinar para aprendizagem matemática
Authors: Maia Dennys , Soares Raíza , Lourenço Roberia , Moura Lidiane
Published: June 2024

Nos últimos anos, o movimento pedagógico representado pelo acrônimo em língua inglesa de Ciências, Tecnologia, Engenharia, Artes e Matemática (STEAM) tem evidenciado forte potencial de inovação educacional. Neste artigo apresentamos a abordagem STEAM como proposta pedagógica interdisciplinar para o ensino e aprendizagem de conceitos matemáticos na Educação Básica. Discorremos sobre a conceituação da abordagem, bem como seu histórico até sua aplicação na Matemática escolar, passando pelo Movimento da Matemática Moderna e a concepção STEM, até seu atual estágio. Com o objetivo de apresentar a abordagem STEAM para professores da Educação Básica, trazemos um conjunto de trabalhos publicados ao redor do mundo em que a STEAM foi utilizada para desenvolver conceitos matemáticos, seguido de relatos de experiências que desenvolvemos em nossas pesquisas. Por fim, apresentamos as considerações sobre os impactos da abordagem STEAM no ensino e na aprendizagem da Matemática, inclusive, atestando os ganhos para o desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas, bem como práticas e socioemocionais.
CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN HOSPITALITY
Authors: Tiwari Rishiyendra
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive review of crisis management in the hospitality sector, focusing on key themes, theoretical frameworks, empirical findings, and practical implications. The review highlights the significance of proactive planning and preparedness, emphasizing the importance of risk assessment, scenario planning, and business continuity strategies to enhance organizational resilience. Effective communication emerges as a cornerstone of crisis management, underscoring the necessity for transparent, timely, and empathetic communication with stakeholders. Collaboration with external stakeholders is essential for effective crisis response, emphasizing the benefits of information sharing and joint training exercises. Additionally, the integration of technology and innovation presents opportunities for enhancing crisis management capabilities, albeit accompanied by challenges. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of proactive, holistic approaches to crisis management that encompass preparedness, communication, collaboration, and innovation to safeguard organizational sustainability in the face of adversity.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION SECONDARY TO PARADOXICAL EMBOLISM THROUGH PATENT FORAMEN OVALE : SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Mounir Reda , Mokhlis Houda , Nya Fouad , Seghrouchni Aniss , Dahioui Ayoub , Atmani Noureddine , Abdou Abdessamad , Moutakiallah Youness
Published: June 2024

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is most often asymptomatic, but it can cause manifestations with varying degrees of severity. Paradoxical embolism, a condition associated with PFO, requires multidisciplinary management.Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) resulting from paradoxical coronary embolism should be suspected in all patients presenting with ACS who have normal coronary arteries on angiography, regardless of age. Our case illustrate a proven paradoxical coronary embolism through a PFO.
ANAEMIA, EXPECTANT MOTHERS AND DIETARY HABITS: ISSUES AND CONCERNS
Authors: Bhandari Niranjna , Snigdha Raj G.V.
Published: June 2024

The problem of anaemia among expectant mothers, instead of declining has increased over the years at the all India level and also in almost all the states of the country though differentially. These revelations come from the comparative analysis of the NFHS- 4 and NFHS- 5 data on anaemia released in the year 2000 and 2022 respectively. A review of the studies attributes the problem to inadequate nutritious food available to the expectant mothers during the period of pregnancy when the need of the body for iron and calcium increases for the proper growth of the foetus. In the absence of which the women are unable to bear the pressures of bleeding in the pre and post delivery period, leading to low weight baby birth and premature births, and at times resulting in high maternal mortality. This paper examines the status of anaemia among expectant mothers and its relationship with dietary habits.
Root Shock at Twenty: Reflections from Roanoke
Authors: Bishop Mary Carter
Published: June 2024

The federal Housing Act of 1949 funded 'urban renewal', a programme to clear urban areas that White-run local governments deemed 'slums'. From the 1950s to the 1980s, Roanoke joined hundreds of other American cities in levelling old neighbourhoods, usually home to Black citizens and
other minorities. In this paper I recount my reporting in the early 1990s on the displacement of residents from neighbourhoods such as Northeast and adjacent Gainsboro. The city destroyed some 1,600 homes, twenty-four churches, Roanoke's first post office, historic schools and around 200 small
businesses. All were in one of the only sections where authorities allowed Black people to live. In scores of interviews people spoke longingly of life in their destroyed neighbourhoods and detailed an enduring distrust of their government and the local media that supported the clearances
without reporting the consequences. After reading a copy of my 1995 report on how urban renewal uprooted Black Roanoke, Dr Mindy Fullilove visited the city, which would become a central case in Root Shock: How Tearing Up City Neighborhoods Hurts America and What Can We Do About It.
Today, Roanoke is still recovering from the devastation of urban renewal. Residents repeatedly evoke this history as they scrutinize contemporary redevelopment plans.
'We Couldn't Get the Big Win' A Situation Analysis of the Stress of Gentrification at Differing Points in the Process
Authors: Fullilove Mindy Thompson , Howe Sarah , Kaufman Molly Rose , Moulden Dominic , Weted Carley , Silva Katharine , Murdock Aubrey , Amin Serita EL , Hyra Derek
Published: June 2024

This article reports the results of a community-based, participatory action research project comparing Shaw, in Washington, DC, and Orange, NJ, which were at diff erent stages in the process of gentrification. We were specifically interested in sources of stress that may lead to physical
and mental illness. Our data show that gentrification, a form of redevelopment in chronically disinvested neighbourhoods, is a drawn-out and high-conflict situation with many inbuilt stressors including: long-term deprivation preceding redevelopment; displacement by gentrification; loss of
social bonds; rent burden; improper manoeuvres by landlords; and betrayal by politicians. The process also undermines the sense that society has solidarity with all people. Harmful as these processes are, of even more concern was the increasing financialization of real estate, which is making
these experiences more common among communities across much of the socioeconomic spectrum. Community organizing has been a key strategy in this asymmetric con flict, but given the international financialization of housing, additional strategies will be needed.
The New York City Real Estate Industry and Voter Suppression
Authors: Wallace Deborah , Wallace Rodrick
Published: June 2024

The built environment anchors social, economic, and political community. A limited neighbourhood milieu fosters and maintains relationships that enable a community to realize its values. Fundamental civic activities such as ge ing out the vote depend on this empowerment. Voting has
declined across New York City, but especially in the Bronx, which experienced the largest decline in voting between the 1969 and 2021 mayoral elections. The South and Central Bronx is now the largest city area of extremely low voter participation. This paper explores how public policies generated
by the real estate industry – specifically redlining, urban renewal, and planned shrinkage – in conjunction with the Permanent Registration article in the 1938 New York State Constitution suppressed voting. The distribution of premature mortality and other health problems in the
Bronx appear to be another consequence of these policies. That is, disempowerment and health erosion appear related and stem from influence of the real estate industry on mayoral policy.