bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-infective Efficacy of Mechanical Debridement with Adjunctive Modalities on Clinical and Cytokine Parameters in Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Rajagopal Anjale , Varghese Jothi , Bhat Vinutha , Acharya Vibha , Kamath Vinayak
Published: October 2023

Objectives Periodontal debridement involves conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) along with variant forms of adjunctive therapies. In the present clinical trial, we investigated if the adjunctive use of HybenX gel or diode laser along with SRP could provide a favorable outcome for the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Materials and Methods The present study involved 60 subjects diagnosed with chronic periodontitis who were randomly assigned as test groups (laser or HybenX) or control group (SRP alone). The primary outcomes of the clinical trial were pocket probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), which was evaluated at baseline and at third-month time interval. Additionally, secondary outcomes included estimation of reduction in inflammatory mediators interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in gingival crevicular fluid using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline and third-month intervals.

Statistical Analysis Normality determination was checked using Shapiro–Wilk test. Since the data was not normally distributed, nonparametric tests were applied. The comparison of clinical parameters between the groups was analyzed with Kruskal–Wallis test. Wilcoxon sign rank test was used to compare the pairwise comparison of clinical parameters among the groups from baseline to third-month follow-up. The inflammatory mediators at various time points were compared using a One-way analysis of variance test, and the inflammatory mediators in each study group were compared using a paired t-test.

Results Both the test groups demonstrated a decrease in PPD and CAL. However, the HybenX group exhibited statistically significant reduction at the end of the third-month study interval compared to the laser group and SRP alone. Further, the secondary outcome IL-1β and TNF-α analysis exhibited statistically significant reduction in all the groups posttherapy.

Conclusion The adjunctive application of HybenX gel yielded an advantage compared to laser and SRP for the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Clinical Relevance Adjunctive use of the oral tissue desiccant (HybenX gel) combined with SRP improved the periodontal pocket disinfection process and enhanced tissue healing devoid of adverse effects.
Emergence of Drug-Resistant Pathogens in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Aydınlı Aydın , Sertel Şelale Deniz , Kaya Ayşe Demet
Published: October 2023

Objective Neonatal bloodstream infections (BSIs) due to drug-resistant pathogens are a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, data regarding the pathogens and their resistance profile are limited in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in neonatal BSI at a university hospital in Türkiye.

Methods Medical records of neonates with suspected sepsis were retrospectively reviewed during the study period (between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020) for demographic data, blood culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility test results.

Results During the study period, 117 BSI episodes were encountered in 106 neonates. The most common pathogen isolated was Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 86, 73.5%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 11, 9.4%). Methicillin resistance among staphylococci (77/93, 82.8%) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production among Enterobacterales (14/17, 82.4%) were common. Gentamicin resistance was detected in 70.1% (54/77) of methicillin-resistant staphylococci and 78.6% (11/14) of ESBL (+) Enterobacterales. Vancomycin and colistin resistance were not detected.

Conclusion The high rate of resistant pathogens encountered in neonatal BSIs underline the importance of constant surveillance of the local pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, which is crucial for implementing appropriate therapy that could save lives and lower the burden of antimicrobial resistance.
Differential Effects of Erythropoietin Administration and Overexpression on Venous Thrombosis in Mice
Authors: Stockhausen Sven , Kilani Badr , Schubert Irene , Steinsiek Anna-Lena , Chandraratne Sue , Wendler Franziska , Eivers Luke , von Brühl Marie-Luise , Massberg Steffen , Ott Ilka , Stark Konstantin
Published: October 2023

Background Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common condition associated with significant mortality due to pulmonary embolism. Despite advanced prevention and anticoagulation therapy, the incidence of venous thromboembolism remains unchanged. Individuals with elevated hematocrit and/or excessively high erythropoietin (EPO) serum levels are particularly susceptible to DVT formation. We investigated the influence of short-term EPO administration compared to chronic EPO overproduction on DVT development. Additionally, we examined the role of the spleen in this context and assessed its impact on thrombus composition.

Methods We induced ligation of the caudal vena cava (VCC) in EPO-overproducing Tg(EPO) mice as well as wildtype mice treated with EPO for two weeks, both with and without splenectomy. The effect on platelet circulation time was evaluated through FACS analysis, and thrombus composition was analyzed using immunohistology.

Results We present evidence for an elevated thrombogenic phenotype resulting from chronic EPO overproduction, achieved by combining an EPO-overexpressing mouse model with experimental DVT induction. This increased thrombotic state is largely independent of traditional contributors to DVT, such as neutrophils and platelets. Notably, the pronounced prothrombotic effect of red blood cells (RBCs) only manifests during chronic EPO overproduction and is not influenced by splenic RBC clearance, as demonstrated by splenectomy. In contrast, short-term EPO treatment does not induce thrombogenesis in mice. Consequently, our findings support the existence of a differential thrombogenic effect between chronic enhanced erythropoiesis and exogenous EPO administration.

Conclusion Chronic EPO overproduction significantly increases the risk of DVT, while short-term EPO treatment does not. These findings underscore the importance of considering EPO-related factors in DVT risk assessment and potential therapeutic strategies.
ACOX1 Gain-of-Function Variant in Two German Pediatric Patients, in One Case Mimicking Autoimmune Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Thiels Charlotte , Lücke Thomas , Rothoeft Tobias , Lukas Carsten , Nguyen Huu P. , von Kleist-Retzow Juergen-Christoph , Prokisch Holger , Grimmel Mona , Haack Tobias B. , Hoffjan Sabine
Published: October 2023

Mitchell syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder due to a specific de novo gain-of-function variant in acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1). So far, only five patients with this disease have been described worldwide. We present here two additional unrelated German patients found to carry the same heterozygous ACOX1 N237S variant through exome sequencing (ES). Both patients showed neurodegenerative clinical features starting from ∼4 to 5 years of age including progressive hearing loss, ataxia, ichthyosis, as well as progressive visual impairment leading to amaurosis, and died at the ages of 16 and 8 years, respectively. The first patient was clinically suspected to have anti–myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody-associated myelitis, but the disease course overall deteriorated despite extensive immunomodulatory therapy. The second patient was originally suspected to have a mitochondrial disorder due to intermittent elevated blood lactate. Since Mitchell syndrome has only been identified in 2020, the diagnosis in this second patient was only established through re-evaluation of ES data years after the original analysis. Comparison of all seven reported patients suggests that Mitchell syndrome often (but not always) clinically mimics autoimmune-inflammatory disease. Therefore, in patients with autoimmune central nervous system disease who do not respond adequately to standard therapies, re-evaluation of this diagnosis is needed and genetic analyses such as trio ES should be considered.
The low-lying electronic states and ultrafast relaxation dynamics of the monomers and J-aggregates of meso-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrins
Authors: Fang Hui , Wilhelm Michael J. , Kuhn Danielle L. , Zander Zachary , Dai Hai-Lung , Petersson George A.
Published: October 2023

The electronic and vibrational spectra of the meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrins (TSPP) have been studied computationally using the PFD-3B functional with time-dependent density functional theory for the excited states. The calculated UV-vis absorption and emission spectra in aqueous solution are in excellent agreement with the experimental measurements of both H2TSPP−4 (monomer) at high pH and H4TSPP−2 (forming J-aggregate) at low pH. Moreover, our calculations reveal an infrared absorption at 1900 cm−1 in the singlet and triplet excited states that is absent in the ground state, which is chosen as a probe for transient IR absorption spectroscopy to investigate the vibrational dynamics of the excited state. Specifically, the S2 to S1 excited state internal conversion process time, the S1 state vibrational relaxation time, and the lifetime of the S1 excited electronic state are all quantitatively deduced.
Where Are All the Christmas Beetles?
Authors: Houghton Suzanne
Published: October 2023

Sparkling, brightly coloured Christmas beetles usually appear in the heat of December – a sign that the festive season has begun.

But recently they have been hard to find. We aren’t seeing them in the eucalyptus trees, or dancing around lights at night. These shimmering, shiny beetles are disappearing from our summers. Where have they gone?

Where Are All the Christmas Beetles? takes us on a lyrical discovery of these fascinating creatures and explores the possible reasons for their decrease in numbers.

Reading level varies from child to child, but we recommend this book for ages 5 to 9.
Te Paatu o Te Ao Hurihuri – pandemic-related virtual adaptation of an established marae-based workshop for rural doctors: a qualitative study
Authors: Blattner Katharina , Rogers-Koroheke Marara , Clay Lynne
Published: October 2023

Introduction Due to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in Aotearoa New Zealand, an established remote community marae-based workshop (a component of a postgraduate rural medical programme) was converted into a virtual platform. Aim The aim of this study was to explore student and teacher experiences of this virtual adaptation with focus on cultural aspects. Methods A qualitative exploratory study was undertaken that involved document review and qualitative interviews. Students and teachers were invited to participate. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis was undertaken using a framework-guided rapid analysis method. The two participant groups’ data were analysed concurrently but separately. Results Students found the virtual workshop valuable in furthering their knowledge of Māori culture, cross-cultural communication skills and health inequities in rural clinical practice. Through the innovative efforts of their teachers, they felt some sense of connection with the remote locality and its people. Teachers were able to impart knowledge, connect and keep everyone culturally safe through their commitment and adaptability. However, moving to a virtual platform meant compromise to the cultural experience for students and loss of sharing the learning and experience with their place and their people. Discussion In the event of a further pandemic or other emergency situation, where strong established relationships exist, replacing an in-person remote marae-based workshop with a virtual workshop, while limited, is achievable and has value. When urban tertiary institutions partner with remote Māori communities to deliver virtual teaching, caution is needed in ensuring sustained transparency in priorities and expectations to avoid further exacerbations of power imbalance and resulting loss of value.
Sewage-derived nitrogen dispersal and N-fixation in Port Phillip Bay in south-eastern Australia
Authors: Parry Gregory D. , Black Kerry P.
Published: October 2023

Context Extreme values of nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) in biota identify areas influenced by sewage discharges and nitrogen fixation. Aims To measure the ecological footprint of the Western (sewage) Treatment Plant (WTP) by using δ15N measurements and an NPZ model, and to identify regions where nitrogen is fixed in Port Phillip Bay, in south-eastern Australia. Methods δ15N was measured in situ for four intertidal species at 27 sites around the perimeter of the bay and simultaneously in an alga and a mussel deployed at 42 sites throughout the bay. The intertidal species were also transplanted from an area of low 15N to areas of high 15N. Key results δ15N was elevated for all species adjacent to the WTP and along the north-western shoreline of Port Phillip Bay and for ~10–15 km offshore. Transplanted algae adopted the δ15N of their new environment in 6–12 weeks, whereas the half-life of tissue turnover of 15N in intertidal filter-feeders was 90–234 days. Nitrogen fixation contributed to N available in two geographically isolated seagrass-dominated bays. Conclusions Spatial patterns of δ15N of deployed alga and phytoplankton-consuming mussels were similar to the modelled distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and the modelled distribution of flagellates, respectively. Implications Preferred species for on-going N monitoring are identified.
Numerical simulation of two parallel merging wildfires
Authors: Wadhwani Rahul , Sutherland Duncan , Moinuddin Khalid , Huang Xinyan
Published: October 2023

Background Wildfire often shows complex dynamic behaviour due to the inherent nature of ambient conditions, vegetation and ignition patterns. Merging fire is one such dynamic behaviour that plays a critical role in the safety of structures and firefighters. Aim & method The aim of this study was to develop better insight and understanding of the interaction of parallel merging firelines, using a numerical validation of a physics-based CFD wildfire model concerning merging fires. Conclusions The validated model shows a relative error of 5–35% in estimating the rate of fire spread compared with the experimental observation in most of the cases. A physical interpretation is presented to show how parallel fire behaves and interacts with the ambient conditions, providing complementary information to the experimental study. Implications The validated numerical model serves as a base case for further study in developing a better correlation for the rate of fire spread between parallel firelines with different ambient conditions, especially at the field scale.
Estimating the effectiveness of using wildlife cameras versus visual-encounter surveys to detect herpetofauna
Authors: Brown Ally K. , Hannon Devyn A. , Maerz John C.
Published: October 2023

Context Efficient monitoring of herpetofauna can prove challenging to agencies and NGOs responsible for their management. Wildlife cameras have been proposed as a method to monitor herpetofauna; however, estimates of detection rates and factors affecting detection by cameras are generally lacking and therefore limiting their application. Aims We determined the effect of body size and temperature differential on the detection of snakes and frogs by passive infrared (PIR) wildlife cameras. We hypothesised that detection would differ among models and be positively correlated with body size and surface-temperature differential between the animal and substrate. We then conducted a field study to compare the detection of herpetofauna by a traditional method with PIR cameras. Methods We tested 10 cameras of seven models on five snakes and one camera on six frogs. Photographs were downloaded to determine the detection rate of each species by each camera. We then chose a camera model to compare two herpetofauna survey methods, namely, drift fences equipped with cameras and visual-encounter surveys. Surveys were conducted monthly over 12 months in Irwin County, GA, USA. Key results The highest mean detection rates of snakes were 0.65 (s.e. = 0.33), 0.50 (s.e. = 0.34), and 0.49 (s.e. = 0.34) for the Browning Dark Ops, Reconyx Hyperfire 2, and Mossy Oak Covert Scouting Camera respectively. The detectability of larger snakes was greater than that of smaller snakes and increased as the absolute temperature differences between the snake and the substrate increased. The detectability of frogs was influenced by absolute temperature differential alone. PIR cameras generated five times more observations, documented more herpetofauna species, and were seven times more efficient than traditional surveys. Conclusions The effectiveness of PIR cameras to detect herpetofauna varies among models and depends on the likelihood that the animal will have a body temperature significantly different from the temperature of the substrate. PIR cameras generated observations far more efficiently than traditional sampling methods. Implications PIR wildlife cameras may be most effective at detecting larger, diurnal herpetofauna and least effective at detecting smaller, nocturnal species. Wildlife cameras have the potential to efficiently monitor some herpetofauna, providing a means to better evaluate management objectives.
Successful 3D imaging of cleared biological samples with light sheet fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Delage Elise , Guilbert Thomas , Yates Frank
Published: October 2023

In parallel with the development of tissue-clearing methods, over the last decade, light sheet fluorescence microscopy has contributed to major advances in various fields, such as cell and developmental biology and neuroscience. While biologists are increasingly integrating three-dimensional imaging into their research projects, their experience with the technique is not always up to their expectations. In response to a survey of specific challenges associated with sample clearing and labeling, image acquisition, and data analysis, we have critically assessed the recent literature to characterize the difficulties inherent to light sheet fluorescence microscopy applied to cleared biological samples and to propose solutions to overcome them. This review aims to provide biologists interested in light sheet fluorescence microscopy with a primer for the development of their imaging pipeline, from sample preparation to image analysis. Importantly, we believe that issues could be avoided with better anticipation of image analysis requirements, which should be kept in mind while optimizing sample preparation and acquisition parameters.
Magneto-Orientated Graphite Double-Layer Homo-Structure with Broadband Microwave Absorption
Authors: Wang 王 Jun-Song 俊松 , Ding 丁 Wei 伟 , Zhang 张 Cheng-Hong 成宏 , Qiu 邱 Kang 康 , Gao 高 You-Lin 佑琳 , Chen 陈 Mian-Ke 棉科 , Adnan Aslam Muhammad , A. Khalifa Mahmoud , Luo 罗 Jia-Liang 家亮 , Fang 方 Jun 军 , Sheng 盛 Zhi-Gao 志高
Published: October 2023

We utilized magnetic fields as an efficient tool to manipulate the orientation and electromagnetic properties of graphite micro-flakes (GMFs). As a result, we successfully developed a GMF double-layer homo-structure, which shows excellent electromagnetic absorption properties. By tuning the direction of a small magnetic field (850 G), vertical and horizontal aligned GMFs are produced. Their electromagnetic parameters are effectively tailored by this magneto-orientation effect, and the vertical and horizontal aligned GMFs achieve good results in terms of impedance matching and microwave absorption. With the combination of these two magneto-orientated layers, vertically oriented as the surficial impedance matching layer and horizontally oriented as the inner loss layer, we design a GMF-based double-layer homo-structure. After thickness optimization, −38.2 dB minimum reflection loss and 6.4 GHz (11.6–18.0 GHz) absorption bandwidth are achieved. Our findings further emphasize the importance of material orientation freedom and provide a magneto-strategy to design multiple-layer structures and to produce high-performance microwave devices.
Thermodynamical properties of an ideal gas in a traversable wormhole
Authors: Araújo Filho A A , Furtado J , Reis J A A S , Silva J E G
Published: October 2023

In this work, we analyze the thermodynamic properties of non-interacting particles under influence of the gravitational field of a traversable wormhole. In particular, we investigate how the thermodynamic quantities are affected by the Ellis wormhole geometry, considering three different regions to our study: asymptotically far, close to the throat, and at the throat. The thermodynamic quantities turn out to depend strongly on parameter that controls the wormhole throat radius. By varying it, there exist an expressive modification in the thermodynamic state quantities, exhibiting both usual matter and dark energy–like behaviors. Finally, the interactions are regarded to the energy density and it seems to indicate that it ”cures” the dark energy–like features.
I–V analysis for nuclear-excited low-temperature plasmas in porous metals
Authors: Lo Austin , Bernstein Lee
Published: October 2023

We demonstrate how a high surface-to-volume ratio porous electrode structure within an ionizing radiation field generates a nuclear-excited low-temperature plasma source. In a foundational experiment, we compared the I–V characteristics of two electrode systems comprised of: (1) open-cell reticulated copper foam discs (pore radius ∼500 µm) and (2) solid copper discs. Both systems were held at 2 atm neon and irradiated in a nuclear reactor under steady-state operation. The primary source of plasma ionization was electrons derived from reactor γ-rays; the secondary source was electrons from the β
− decay of 64Cu and 66Cu formed by the capture of thermal neutrons. The two electrode systems exhibited identical I–V proportionality for applied voltages between 2 V and 5 V, evidencing a sheath structure evolving within the copper foam discs. The energy fraction absorbed in the gas per unit electrode mass was 20%–70% greater for the porous electrode than for the solid electrode, corresponding to a factor of 3.5 increase in the specific ion output current [A g−1]. The plasma densities achieved in the porous and solid electrode systems were estimated to be

(
3.2
−
3.9
)
×

10

9

 cm−3 and

7.1
×

10

9

 cm−3 respectively, assuming a spatially independent density profile and approximately ambient electron temperature.
Uni-axial reinforced dielectric elastomer actuators with embedded 3D printed fibers
Authors: Konstantinidi Stefania , Martinez Thomas , Tandon Biranche , Civet Yoan , Perriard Yves
Published: October 2023

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) can be described as compliant capacitors formed by a dielectric elastomer film sandwiched between two electrodes. An applied voltage results in a compressive Maxwell stress, a thickness reduction and thus an expansion in the other dimensions. In order to favor large uni-axial deformations, it is predicted that DEAs ought to be constrained in the other direction. This can be achieved by reinforcing the DEA with unidirectional fibers. In this paper, the behavior of uni-axial fiber-reinforced DEAs is established and the proposed model innovates by taking into consideration the fiber properties such as their Young’s modulus and dimensions, and is characterized by transversely isotropic models. A novel fabrication process is then presented for reinforced DEAs by using 3D printed fibers with four different materials, namely Nylon, PETG, ABS and PLA, and different coverages of fibers are considered. Fiber reinforcement is shown to increase uni-axial strain up to 75% in the manufactured DEAs when compared to traditional DEAs. This behavior corresponds to the one predicted by the proposed model.
Capacitive coupling of coherent quantum phase slip qubits to a resonator
Authors: Hönigl-Decrinis Teresa , Antonov Ilya , Shaikhaidarov Rais , Ho Kim Kyung , Antonov Vladimir N , Astafiev Oleg V
Published: October 2023

We demonstrate capacitive coupling of coherent quantum phase slip (CQPS) flux qubits to a resonator patterned on a highly disordered TiN film. We are able to detect and characterise CQPS flux qubits with linewidths down to

Δ
ω
=
12
±
1
MHz

on several resonator modes, and show that, unlike inductive coupling, here the coupling strength does not depend on the qubit’s energy. Since the qubit is galvanically decoupled from the resonator, our approach provides flexibility in material, design and fabrication choices for CQPS-based devices. Our results are two-fold: we report CQPS in TiN and demonstrate, to our knowledge for the first time, capacitive coupling of a CQPS flux qubit.
Back-stepping projective synchronization of fractional-order unified systems based on the lower triangular structure
Authors: Peng Chenchen , Yang Anqing , Lin Xumei , Ren Ling , Zhao Zihao
Published: October 2023

The synchronization of fractional-order chaotic systems (FOCSs) plays an important role in modern control theory, the projective synchronization (PS) as a class of synchronization problems, also has huge applications and has attracted much attention. It is, however, shown in the obtained literature that the results on the PS of FOCSs either loss the rigorous theoretical demonstration or verify from the viewpoint of numerical simulations. How to derive a necessary and sufficient condition to guarantee the PS of complex FOCSs by a simple controller is still open. To this end, this article is concerned with the PS of fractional-order unified systems (FO-USs) that are important in FOCSs covering fractional-order Lorenz, Chen and Lü systems, where the controller is presented based on the lower triangular structure by use of the back-stepping technique. The necessary and sufficient criterion for the PS of FO-USs is proposed by solving an algebraic equation, and the controller for the PS of FO-USs is derived based on the lower triangular structure combined with back-stepping approach. Finally, the simulation results are reported to verify the correctness and efficiency of the obtained results.
Clustering of primordial black holes from QCD axion bubbles
Authors: Kasai Kentaro , Kawasaki Masahiro , Kitajima Naoya , Murai Kai , Neda Shunsuke , Takahashi Fuminobu
Published: October 2023

We study the clustering of primordial black holes (PBHs) and axion miniclusters produced
in the model proposed to explain the LIGO/Virgo events or the seeds of the supermassive black
holes (SMBHs) in ref. [1]. It is found that this model predicts large
isocurvature perturbations due to the clustering of PBHs and axion miniclusters, from which we
obtain stringent constraints on the model parameters. Specifically, for the axion decay constant
 fa
= 1016 GeV, which potentially accounts for the seeds of the SMBHs, the PBH
fraction in dark matter should be f
PBH ≲ 7 × 10-10. Assuming that the
mass of PBHs increases by more than a factor of 𝒪(10) due to accretion, this is
consistent with the observed abundance of SMBHs. On the other hand, for
 fa
= 1017 GeV required to produce PBHs of masses detected in the LIGO/Virgo, the PBH
fraction should be f
PBH ≲ 6 × 10-8, which may be too small to explain the
LIGO/Virgo events, although there is a significant uncertainty in calculating the merger rate in
the presence of clustering.
On the Identification of N-rich Metal-poor Field Stars with Future Chinese Space Station Telescope
Authors: Zhang Jiajun , Tang Baitian , Chang Jiang , Xue Xiangxiang , Fernández-Trincado José G. , Li Chengyuan , Wang Long , Tian Hao , Huang Yang
Published: October 2023

During the long term evolution of globular clusters (GCs), some member stars are lost to the field. The recently found nitrogen-rich (N-rich) metal-poor field stars are promising candidates of these GC escapees, since N enhancement is the fingerprint of chemically enhanced populations in GCs. In this work, we discuss the possibility of identifying N-rich metal-poor field stars with the upcoming Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST). We focus on the main survey camera with NUV, u, g, r, i, z, y filters and slitless spectrograph with a resolution about 200. The combination of UV sensitive equipment and prominent N-related molecular lines in the UV band bodes well for the identification: the color–color diagram of (u − g) versus (g − r) is capable of separating N-rich field stars from normal halo stars, if metallicity can be estimated without using the information on u-band photometry. Besides, the synthetic spectra show that a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 is sufficient to identify N-rich field stars. In the near future, a large sample of N-rich field stars found by CSST, combined with state-of-the-art N-body simulations will be crucial to deciphering GC-Galaxy co-evolution.
Investigation of a low frequency coherent mode in Wendelstein 7-X with island divertor
Authors: Xiang H.M. , Krämer-Flecken A. , Han X. , Windisch T. , Weir G. , Rahbarnia K. , Schilling J. , Thomsen H. , Mendes S.vaz , Knieps A. , Vécsei M. , Otte M. , Zoletnik S. , Anda G. , Dunai D. , Zhang D. , Kornejew P. , Huang J. , Zhang T. , Lin X.D. , Gao X. , Liang Y. ,   the W7-X team
Published: October 2023

During the island divertor operation of W7-X, especially in standard magnetic configuration (with 5/5 island chain in the scrape-off-layer (SOL)), quasi-periodic electromagnetic oscillation is observed. It appears in the frequency range of 1 kHz–2 kHz, therefore it is called the low frequency mode (LFM) within this paper. It is observed by multiple diagnostics, amongst them, a poloidal correlation reflectometer allowing radial localization of the LFM. The LFM is localized in the SOL and shows an obvious modulation effect on the plasma perpendicular velocity (

V

⊥

). Furthermore, broadband turbulence is observed in the fluctuation spectra of the electron density and the magnetic field and the perpendicular correlation length of turbulence eddies are modulated. The calculation of the poloidal flow velocity and its oscillation allows us to study the effect of the LFM on the flow. Cross correlation analysis shows that the perpendicular flow oscillation and the turbulence modulation are closely correlated. The application of external control coils to adjust the island size and position result in a strong modification of the magnetic topology at the plasma edge which affects the appearance, amplitude and frequency of the LFM. Bi-coherence analysis indicates that nonlinear interactions among turbulence components is a possible mechanism for the generation of the LFM.
The use of immersive technologies in teaching mathematics to vocational students
Authors: Kramarenko T H , Kochina O S
Published: October 2023

This study examines the use of immersive technologies in teaching mathematics to vocational students. The purpose of the research is to develop theoretical foundations and practical applications for the use of immersive technologies in mathematics education, and to measure the impact of these technologies on student motivation and learning outcomes. The study considers the scientific and theoretical underpinnings of immersive technologies in mathematics teaching, as well as methods for using the AR-Book application. A theoretical model, criteria, and methodological support for evaluating the use of immersive technologies are developed. A pedagogical experiment is conducted to evaluate the impact of these technologies on vocational students. Based on the results of the experiment and training materials, the study presents generalizations on the use of immersive technologies in mathematics education.
Laboratory equipment for practice learning in the framework of educational course “Molecular Physics and Thermodynamics”
Authors: Pursky O I , Gamaliy V F , Demidov P G , Dubovyk T V , Buchatska I O , Forostyana N P
Published: October 2023

This article presents laboratory equipment for practice learning of physics specialties students in the framework of educational course “Molecular Physics and Thermodynamics”. The presented laboratory equipment allows measuring the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity coefficient of molecular liquids under atmospheric pressure and saturated vapors pressure in the temperature range from 150K to 400K. A general scheme of the developed experimental setup for measuring the thermal conductivity of liquids by the steady-state method under isobaric condition has been described. The created laboratory setup uses general design solutions of the coaxial cylinder method, preserving its features and measurement precision in general. The measurements are carried out on coaxial-geometry cell under atmospheric pressure. A modified heat potentiometer method with one thermometer was used, which allowed us to minimize the error in the estimation of the thermal conductivity coefficient due to the uncontrollable heat flows and different calibration of thermometers. The total systematic error in the measurement of the molecular liquids thermal conductivity does not exceed 3%. The procedures for direct measurement and calculation of the thermal conductivity coefficient of molecular liquids using the developed laboratory equipment are described.
Technology of creating educational content for open digital resources in general technical disciplines
Authors: Dotsenko N A , Gorbenko O A , Haleeva A P
Published: October 2023

The article presents the technology of creating educational content for open digital resources in general technical disciplines that consist of the four stages: development, design, posting and final. There are proposed to create video, interactive and graphic educational content in the context of the proposed technology at the development stage. Video content is presented in the form of video lectures, video instructions for practical and laboratory tasks, video recording of the educational results. Interactive content is introduced by lectures and laboratory tasks with interactive elements, interactive posters or tests. Graphic content is provided by lectures with graphic models of the technical objects, practical tasks with the use of modelling and design programs, creation of 3D models for laboratory works and performing engineering and technical projects. The design stage includes the selection of services for the specific type of content and creation the tasks for open digital resources. Educational content is implemented in an open digital resource by obtaining a link, QR or implementation code at the posting stage. The final stage of the application of the proposed technology involves the performance of tasks by higher education applicants, obtaining points, acquisition of competencies. The Pearson criterion was used to statistically verify the application of technology of creating educational content for open digital resources in general technical disciplines. The higher education applicants in the experimental group received higher results than in the control group which may indicate the effectiveness of the outlined technology.
Technologization of sudden cardiac death prevention based on the disciplinary-methodological matrix of health-preserving competence
Authors: Fedorets V M , Klochko O V
Published: October 2023

The article presents the educational meta-technology of the disciplinary-methodological matrix of the health-preserving competence of the physical education teacher using the example of the prevention of sudden cardiac death during physical exertion. The disciplinary-methodical matrix is considered as a cognitive-value-educational and anthropoculturally oriented metatechnology developed by integrating various disciplines (and their systems) (mainly anthropologically and health-preserving oriented), systems of knowledge, discourses and narratives, ideas, values, meanings, methods and problematization and conceptualization strategies, etc. An actual aspect of this technology is the purposeful development of methodical disciplines in which attention is purposefully focused on a certain aspect of learning. The basis of the “Etiological method of prevention of sudden cardiac death” is the idea of an etiological (causal) approach actualized within the framework of the methodical discipline “Patopedagogy” formed on the basis of the transfer of knowledge from the medical science of pathology. As a result of an experimental study aimed at studying the dynamics of the formation of the cognitive and cognitive ability of physical education teachers for the prevention of sudden cardiac death, the positive dynamics of educational results is determined. This depends on the effectiveness of the application of the disciplinary-methodological matrix of health-preserving competence in physical education teacher. The necessary disciplinary and methodological matrices can be constructed for the formation of various competencies and goals and design of training.
Digitization of learning environment of higher education institutions: conceptual foundations and practical cases
Authors: Kuzminska O H , Morze N V , Osadchyi V V
Published: October 2023

Digital transformation involves the use of digital technologies for rebuilding processes and increasing their efficiency. It is confirmed by the results of the research on transformational processes in various spheres. This research paper deals with the development (modernization) of digital learning environments of higher education institutions, which creates conditions for creating models of real production and social processes by means of modern digital technologies. It will strengthen the competence potential of all the stakeholders of higher education institutions, which train specialists in digital technologies. The need to upgrade the existing educational environments of higher education institutions in the context of crisis situations related to global challenges (for example, COVID-19) or the specifics of a specific country (the war in Ukraine) or an educational institution is substantiated. The research paper specifies a conceptual model of the next generation digital learning environment of a higher education institution, which involves the distribution of resource distribution and provision of integration of resources, data and users according to three levels (micro, meso and macro levels), and provides the cases of its implementation in National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University. The monitoring data are presented both at the level of external (development of the component composition of the environment) and internal (change of organizational processes according to the students’ demand) design of the environment. The need for designing a change management system at the level of a higher education institution or its structural subdivisions is identified.
The issues of design of a Petri net-based software component for modelling holistic and coordinated curriculum for potential specialists’ training
Authors: Bilousova L I , Gryzun L E
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes a Petri nets-based software component for automating the holistic and coordinated curriculum building process for pre-service IT specialists. The design of the software module is based on the holistic educational paradigm and the authors’ approach to Petri nets-based curriculum modeling. The core components of the software module are identified and their requirements are formulated. The groups of software classes are specified and described. The benefits of the software module for pre-service IT specialists are highlighted. The prospects for further research include implementing the software module and testing it on specially prepared cases.
Selection of Foundation Types for Mechanized Construction of 220 kV Overhead Transmission Lines in Mountainous Areas Suitable for Fujian Province
Authors: Huang Xiaoyu , Wu Fenqian , Lin Shaoyuan , Zhang Wenxiang
Published: October 2023

The construction of overhead transmission lines in mountainous areas poses a significant challenge when it comes to foundation construction. The type of foundation selected in these areas has a direct impact on equipment selection and access road planning. Fujian Province, located on the southeastern coast of China, is predominantly hilly and mountainous. Therefore, selecting an appropriate foundation for overhead transmission lines is crucial for successful mechanized construction of transmission lines in this region. In this study, we aimed to enhance the economy of mechanized construction of the foundation of the 220 kV overhead transmission lines in Fujian Province. We analyzed the typical geological conditions and foundation reactions in the area and compared the construction costs of mechanical pile foundations, mechanical digging foundations, and rock anchor foundations. The results show that the mechanical pile foundation requires the least amount of concrete when the foundation reaction of the 220 kV suspension tower is less than 1700 kN and the foundation reaction of the 220 kV tension tower is less than 1300 kN. Additionally, the quantity of the rock anchor foundation is less than that of the digging foundation. In terms of cost, the rock anchor foundation is the most economical, followed by the mechanical pile foundation and then the digging foundation.
Compressive Sensing Optimization Algorithm for Indoor Visible Light 3D Positioning
Authors: Cheng Yue , Shao Jianhua , Wu Ruiqi
Published: October 2023

A compressive sensing optimization algorithm for indoor three-dimensional (3D) positioning based on visible light was proposed in this paper. This is the first work that applies compressive sensing to indoor 3D positioning. The solution of the fingerprint’s weight was transformed into a compressive sensing reconstruction, the coordinates of the point to be positioned are obtained by reconstruction using the KNN algorithm and the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. The self-exploration GWO (SEGWO) algorithm was proposed by introducing a self-exploration mechanism into GWO to improve the convergence performance of the algorithm. The localization error of the proposed method in 3D space is 5.79cm, which is significantly lower than other similar algorithms.
Athermalization of Optical System with Large Field of View for Image Navigation
Authors: Zhang Jialei , Xue Yaoke , Zhou Canglong , Lin Shangmin , Liu Meiying
Published: October 2023

Image navigation sensor is one of the most important sensing means for human to explore the extraterrestrial space environment, and optical system is a key component of image navigation sensor, directly determines the amount of information perceived. The optical system requirements of image navigation sensors are gradually developing towards large field of view and miniaturization. The fisheye lens is the first choice for large field of view imaging by selecting the appropriate optical structure, without adding other additional components, and has the advantages of small size and strong perception energy. However, as the image surface illuminance of fisheye lens will decrease sharply with the increase of the field of view, the change of temperature will also degrade the imaging quality of the system, and strong stray light sources such as the sun will easily enter the field of view, which will greatly affect the perception ability of the system. Because of this, effective design of these systems is quite difficult. In this paper, a reverse-telephoto structure was used for large-field imaging, and the degradation of imaging quality caused by temperature changes was eliminated by selecting appropriate optical and mechanical materials. Designed with a focal length of 6.7mm, an F number of 3.6, a viewing angle of 130°, a working band of 0.45μm to 0.65μm, an after work distance of 7mm, a total system length≤60mm, we tested our system in a -40°C to +60°C temperature range and measured the image quality. Through simulation analysis, the system in the whole field of view within our spot diagrams was≤5.5μm, optical transfer function was greater than 0.2 at 90lp/mm, and no vignetting occurred. Furthermore, the imaging illumination of the edge field of view was 0.72 times that of the center field of view, the f – tan (θ) relative distortion value of the center field of view was≤2.3%, and the f – θ relative distortion value of the edge field of view was≤2.7%. Compared to normal temperatures, the optical transfer function changes at -20°C and +40°C were 0.02 and 0.01, respectively. Thus, the system displayed the characteristics of excellent image quality, small size, high energy utilization rate and good non-thermal performance.
Application of Negative Poisson’s Ratio Honeycomb Structure in Acceleration Measurements
Authors: Li Pengju , Liu Yinghan , Li Dawei , Zhang Zhengkai , Wen Qingguo
Published: October 2023

The measurement of acceleration plays an essential role in evaluating the state of mechanical equipment. The acceleration transducers are the most widely used devices for measuring vibration, motion, and shock. This paper proposes a novel method of acceleration measurement based on auxetic honeycomb structure. By using this method, the change in the auxetic honeycomb structure’s transmittance caused by elastic deformation under acceleration can be converted into a change in solar cell’s output. Geometric analysis and experiments are performed to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results provide a new structural insight for acceleration sensors. In order to assess the efficacy of the proposed approach, geometric analysis and experiments are conducted. The resonance frequency of an acceleration measurement device using an auxetic structure is approximately 100Hz, while for a device using a non-auxetic structure, it is about 40Hz, both reaching the maximum wavelength variation. The results give potential paths for future study as well as new structural insights for acceleration sensors.
Influence of Temperature on 17-4PH Characteristics of Torque Sensor Elastomer
Authors: Lin Jiejun , Jiang Weijie , Zhao Dingding , Li Tao
Published: October 2023

The elastomer is the core component of the torque sensor, and its performance directly affects the accuracy of the torque sensor. The elastic modulus, as a key parameter of elastomers, can affect the output performance of sensors at extreme temperatures due to the temperature response. In this paper, the mathematical model of the torque sensor is analyzed, and the theoretical model of the elastic modulus of the material under the action of temperature is constructed. Then, the temperature performance test and the torque calibration test under the changing temperature environment are carried out for the elastomer made of 17-4PH material. The test results show that the relationship between the elastic modulus of the elastomer and the temperature is nonlinear, and the higher the temperature, the faster the elastic modulus decreases. The change law of the elastic modulus model considering the temperature effect is consistent with the change of the sensor output value, which provides a reliable basis for the precise design of the torque sensor.