bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psicología y atención primaria de salud: una propuesta de competencias
Authors: Moncada Saúl
Published: June 2019

Se reporta una aproximación empírica a la definición de competencias para el desempeño de psicólogos y psicólogas en Atención Primaria de Salud (APS). Se busca responder a la pregunta: ¿Cuáles son las competencias que debe tener el psicólogo para poder desempeñarse en APS? A través de la técnica grupo Delphi, se construye una propuesta de 76 competencias. Posteriormente, para validar la propuesta, ésta es llevada a una encuesta online respondida por 101 psicólogos y psicólogas, observándose que 74 de las competencias son calificadas como pertinentes o muy pertinentes. La presencia de sesgo de autoselección, baja tasa de respuesta y un descenso progresivo en la cantidad de ellas, sumado a la imposibilidad de caracterizar el total de la muestra, restringe el uso de los resultados para validar competencias. Los resultados son analizados a la luz de los modelos de salud integral y psicología de la salud. Se plantea que, si bien la definición de competencias aporta a la construcción de un rol para psicólogos y psicólogas en APS, dicha construcción debe ser previa a la profundización en perfiles.
Perfil socioeconómico de familias de niños diagnosticados con cáncer
Authors: Zubieta Marcela , Vogel Evelyn , González Claudio , Rosenblut Macarena , Fernández Jazmine , Salgado Carmen , Álvarez Carolina , Prieto Cecilia , González Ingrid
Published: June 2019

Introducción: El cáncer es una enfermedad que demanda grandes recursos en el área médica y psicosocial. En Chile, cada año, se diagnostica cáncer a

500 niños; la sobrevida a 5 años es similar a países de altos ingresos (75%). El ingreso económico de los países es un factor relevante dado que se correlaciona

con la sobrevida de los enfermos de cáncer de forma directamente proporcional. En el caso de Chile los costos de la enfermedad están cubiertos por

el Sistema de Salud. Fundación Nuestros Hijos, institución privada sin fines de lucro, asiste integralmente a los niños con cáncer atendidos en el Hospital

Exequiel González Cortés, entre otros. Objetivo: Describir la situación socioeconómica de las familias de niños diagnosticados de cáncer en el Hospital Exequiel González Cortés, durante el año 2011. Método: Estudio observacional descriptivo. Del total de 69 niños diagnosticados ese año se incluyeron 57 niños, 12 fueron excluidos: 6 por ser recaída de enfermedad oncológica y 6 por no contar con todos los datos. Resultados: el 54% [n=31) fue diagnosticado de Leucemia; la edad promedio fue de 6 años; 35% (n=20) provenía de la Región de O’Higgins, Chile; 32% (n= 18) de las madres y 95% (n=40) de los padres tenía algún tipo de

trabajo remunerado; el ingreso familiar promedio mensual era equivalente a 579 dólares (por debajo del promedio nacional 1.621 dólares), per cápita de

116 dólares. El 35% de las familias compartía casa con otras familias. Conclusiones: Las condiciones económicas y sociales de estas familias, podrían poner en riesgo la sobrevida de sus hijos enfermos de cáncer, si no cuentan con soporte suficiente que permitan acceder de forma apropiada al tratamiento.
Responsabilidades y deberes éticos en la inclusión de personas con discapacidad psiquiátrica
Authors: Pérez-Ayala Manuel , Gálvez Beatriz , Pacheco Claudia
Published: June 2019

Las personas con discapacidad psiquiátrica han sido precariamente atendidas,vescasamente consideradas y socialmente invisibilizadas en nuestro país. Desde

el inicio de la década pasada, en el ámbito de la salud pública se proyectaronvdirectrices para optimizar intervenciones que culminaran con la inclusión

efectiva en la comunidad. Las estrategias diseñadas fueron perdiendo sustentovy, sumado a la justificación de servicios y programas, el modelo en salud

mental pregonado, ante todo el comunitario, transitó de calidad a cantidadvde abordajes ejecutados. El presente trabajo revisa los roles que le competen

tanto a familias, comunidad y al propio equipo de salud mental respecto a lavinclusión de estas personas, analizando las responsabilidades compartidas y

deberes éticos para que cada actor involucrado gestione las decisiones, autonomíavy promoción de ciudadanía en las personas con discapacidad psiquiátrica.

Se concluye que la inclusión se logra solo de manera coordinada desde lavincorporación de dispositivos pertinentes, el cuidado y protección del equipo

de salud mental, y actividades que involucren a familia y comunidad por igual.
Curadoria digital para governança corporativa de objetos digitais xavante e bororo
Authors: Costa Heloisa , Vianna William Barbosa
Published: June 2019

Introdução: Os estudos sobre curadoria digital e sua aplicação estão cada vez mais presentes na gestão de unidades de informação, em especial na gestão dos objetos digitais. A curadoria pode ser vista como um processo essencial a ser inserido na gestão de unidades de informação (arquivos, museus, bibliotecas, centros de informação), pois visa criar espaços para armazenar e disponibilizar informações úteis à comunidade interna e externa de usuários a qual atende, visando a permanência desse armazenamento, acesso, uso e reuso. Este projeto está voltado para o entendimento do tratamento de objetos digitais de unidades de informação, especificamente em uma aplicação prática do modelo de curadoria digital para os objetos digitais de três Unidades de Informação da Missão Salesiana de Mato Grosso (museu, biblioteca e arquivo). Apresenta como objetivo geral: sistematizar e aplicar um modelo de curadoria digital integrado para o acervo de objetos digitais das unidades de informação da Missão Salesiana de Mato Grosso. Método: Utiliza como procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa e elementos de estudo de caso. Resultados: Como resultado esperado, pretende- se apresentar e implementar um modelo integrador dos objetos digitais das unidades de informação estudadas, apoiada na curadoria digital, permitindo disponibilizar as coleções/acervos virtualmente a toda a comunidade de usuários.
CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE UNIFORMIDADE E NDVI EM POVOAMENTOS DE Tectona grandis L. f.
Authors: Santos Lucas Henderson Oliveira , Ramirez Gláucia Miranda , Roque Márcio William , Chaves e Carvalho Mariana Peres de Lima , Ruiz Diaz Lila Mabel Gamarra , Chaves e Carvalho Samuel Pádua
Published: June 2019

A busca por produtos provindos de Teca é crescente, devido suas características físico-mecânicas. Seu cultivo é cada vez maior em função do valor agregado da madeira. Visando minimizar o ciclo para obtenção de seus produtos, se faz necessário métodos que permitam acompanhar e identificar a qualidade dos plantios. Com isso, o manejo florestal e o sensoriamento remoto auxiliam na seleção de instrumentos de análise para plantios comerciais. O índice de uniformidade auxilia nas tomadas de decisões na qualidade silvicultural dos plantios. Este trabalho buscou correlações entre uniformidade e NDVI para investigar o desenvolvimento da Teca. Foram utilizadas imagens do Landsat8-OLI para obtenção do NDVI e valores de reflectância da Banda 6. A cultura de Teca foi implementada no ano de 2005. Os dados de campo foram provenientes de inventários florestais realizados a cada dois anos a partir do segundo após o plantio. Foram utilizados dados de altura dos inventários executados em maio de 2014 e 2016. Tendo idades de 9 e 11 anos, respectivamente. Os talhões utilizados foram 88, 89, 90, 91, 92 e 93. Foram mensuradas as alturas das árvores em 47 parcelas com área de aproximadamente 1.551 m² cada. Posteriormente, foi calculado o índice de uniformidade. A correlação foi feita através do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Os resultados do trabalho mostram ser possível acompanhar o desenvolvimento da Teca com a utilização de imagens de satélite em conjunto com dados de inventário florestal.
Fault-Controlled Fluid Flow Within Extensional Basins and Its Implications for Sedimentary Rock-Hosted Mineral Deposits
Authors: Walsh John J. , Torremans Koen , Güven John , Kyne Roisin , Conneally John , Bonson Chris
Published: June 2019

Normal faults commonly represent one of the principal controls on the origin and formation of sedimentary rock-hosted mineral deposits. Their presence within rift basins has a profound effect on fluid flow, with their impact ranging from acting as barriers, causing pressure compartmentalization of basinal pore fluids, to forming conduits for up-fault fluid flow. Despite their established importance in controlling the migration and trapping of mineralizing fluids, we have yet to adequately reconcile this duality of flow behavior and its impact on mineral flow systems within basinal sequences from a semiquantitative to quantitative perspective. Combining insights and models derived from earthquake, hydrocarbon, and mineral studies, the principal processes and models for fault-related fluid flow within sedimentary basins are reviewed and a unified conceptual model defined for their role in mineral systems. We illustrate associated concepts with case studies from Irish-type Zn-Pb deposits, sedimentary rock-hosted Cu deposits, and active sedimentary basins. We show that faults can actively affect fluid flow by a variety of associated processes, including seismic pumping and pulsing, or can provide pathways for the upward flow of overpressured fluids or the downward sinking of heavy brines. Associated models support the generation of crustal-scale convective flow systems that underpin the formation of major mineral provinces and provide a basis for differences in the flow behavior of faults, depending on a variety of factors such as fault zone complexities, host-rock properties, deformation conditions, and pressure drives. Flow heterogeneity along faults provides a basis for the thoroughly 3D flow systems that localize fluid flow and lead to the formation of mineral deposits.
Geology and Economics of the Giant Molo Graphite Deposit, Southern Madagascar
Authors: Scherba Craig , Montreuil Jean-Francois , Barrie C. Tucker
Published: June 2019

Flake graphite is a critical battery material due to its role as the primary anode component in lithium-ion batteries. With the shift to electrification of vehicles, it is forecast that in the next five years flake graphite’s number-one use will be in battery applications, overtaking its traditional industrial uses. The burgeoning demand for battery anode materials is anticipated to double the current natural flake graphite market of roughly 645,000 tonnes per annum by 2025, which will require new flake graphite sources like the Molo graphite deposit to come into production.

The Molo graphite deposit is world class due to its large size (NI 43–101 measured resource of 23.62 Mt at 6.32% C, indicated resource of 76.75 Mt at 6.25% C, and inferred resource of 40.91 Mt at 5.78% C), high proportion of large and jumbo flake (46.4%), and high average flake carbon purity (97.27% C). The deposit was discovered in 2011 as the result of a regional exploration program initiated by NextSource Materials Inc. following their delineation of a vanadium deposit called the Green Giant. Graphitic mineralization in the Molo is bimodally distributed, with low-grade and high-grade zones having carbon cutoff grades of 2 and 4% C, respectively. High-grade mineralization is associated with metamorphosed siltstones and mudstones, while low-grade mineralization is associated with rocks interpreted to represent metamorphosed sandstones, which are interpreted to be more favorable hosts for large- and jumbo-flake graphite.

The Molo graphite deposit appears to have resulted from many mineralizing events, which extended over a period of time that may range from ca. 900 to ca. 490 Ma. These include graphitization during the emplacement of anorthosite complexes, graphitization in a high-strain regime under high-pressure and high-temperature granulite facies metamorphism during the collision of the Androyen domain with the Vohibory domain, graphite refining and recrystallization believed to have taken place during East Gondwana and West Gondwana collision, and the formation of postcollisional hydrothermal vein graphite during orogenic collapse. The superimposition of the tectono-metamorphic history of southern Madagascar on a sedimentary sequence in which the protoliths were rich in organic carbon has resulted in world-class flake graphite mineralization with high carbon purities and large flake sizes.
Discovery of the Tara Deep Zn-Pb Mineralization at the Boliden Tara Mine, Navan, Ireland: Success with Modern Seismic Surveys.
Authors: Ashton John H. , Beach Alastair , Blakeman Robert J. , Coller David , Henry Paul , Lee Rowan , Hitzman Murray , Hope Charles , Huleatt-James Simon , O’Donovan Brendan , Philcox Michael E.
Published: June 2019

In the first decade of the 21st century, surface exploration drilling around the Boliden Tara mine at Navan, Ireland, aimed at ~1-km-deep targets, was becoming ineffective. During 2010, the extensive geologic knowledge of the existing Navan orebody was leveraged in an Experts Meeting to promote near-mine discovery. Two ideas, of many, were of relevance to this paper: (1) undiscovered mineralized fault-related zones were predicted south of the orebody, and (2) seismic surveys could locate subsurface faults. By late 2012, seven 2D seismic lines (totaling 101 km) had been acquired, processed, and initially interpreted. Pre-stack time migration images were used for interpretation, augmented by diamond drill core data where available. The seismic imaging proved a “game changer” in terms of subsurface visualization and a priority target was identified 2 km south of the mine on the footwall crest of a large south-dipping basin-margin fault. The first hole intersected 34 m of mineralized rock with 14% Zn + Pb, but at greater depth than anticipated. Follow-up drilling was initially successful but proved to be challenging. The first hole intersected a deep structurally complex section of the newly discovered zone that required more drilling to establish its location and attitude. Further drilling, utilizing extensive navigational deflection technology, outlined a mineralized zone similar in nature to the Navan 5 Lens at depths of 1 to 2 km. Inferred resources through 2016 were estimated at 10.2 Mt grading 8.5% Zn and 1.8% Pb. Underground exploration development of this zone commenced in April 2017, and will allow accurate delineation of this significant discovery.
Student Preference for Spreadsheet-Based Learning
Authors: Dania Akash , Anakwe Bridget , Ruf Bernadette
Published: June 2019

Spreadsheets can be used as a learning tool to explore abstract concepts in quantitative-based disciplines such as accounting and finance. Given the rapid adoption of technology in the classroom, understanding how students perceive the use of spreadsheets in quantitative-based courses is imperative. This study examines how students perceive the use of spreadsheets in applied business courses.  Student preference is viewed in terms of enhanced learning of course content, usage in class lectures, increased motivation, and presentation of material. Accounting and finance students attending an institute of higher education based in the Northeastern United States were surveyed.  Results from this study using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test indicate a preference among students for the use of spreadsheets as a teaching aid in classrooms.
A Study on the Effect of Continuation Task on the Usages of the Second Language in the Argumentative Writing
Authors: Cai Honggai
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of continuation writing on the usages of the second language in the argumentative writing. The research questions in this study are as follows: 1) Whether the language application of the second language learner exists in coordination with the reading text; 2) Whether the continuation writing can promote the learning of vocabulary and phrases in the second language learning; 3)whether the comparative continuation reduce the learner’s linguistic bias. In this study, the experimental group was asked to read the materials first, and through the guidance, attention, and other measures to strengthen the understanding of the reading materials while the control group without reading materials ahead of time blindly write an essay on the same topic and then compare them by corpus. The results of the study indicate that the alignment effect of the experimental group was stronger. The subjects are able to use the words and phrases that appear in the reading materials at high frequency. The research results can provide reference for the continuation writing teaching and research in the field of the second language.
The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Practice
Authors: Waddington L.B. , Broderick A.C.
Published: June 2019

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Practice

On the 25th and 26th October 2018, the Faculty of Law of Maastricht University hosted a conference on The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Practice: A Comparative Analysis of the Role of Courts. This article presents some of the key findings of the conference and summarises several of the speakers’ contributions to the conference.
Knokkers en vrije jongens
Authors: van Gemert Frank
Published: June 2019

Fighters and free guys; the criminal past of Dutch kickboxing

In the early years of kickboxing in the Netherlands, a number of fighters got involved in criminal activities. Literature typically focusses on social learning, but as the inner city of Amsterdam in the eighties provides a specific setting, this article particularly describes a historical process. In the qualitative data from interviews, observations, and various documents, three questions: Who were these kickboxers? Where did they enter the criminal circles? Why did they go along with what happened there? It turns out, successful fighters easily came in contact with people from the underground, as they met in the gyms and in the night life where many fighters worked as bouncers. In a friendly atmosphere, the risks of seduction were hard to recognize for inexperienced fighters.
THE ROLE OF THE UNIVERSITIES OF THE THIRD AGE IN SHAPING SENIORS’ QUALITY OF LIFE AND TIME MANAGEMENT
Authors: Markiewicz-Patkowska Julita , Pytel Sławomir , Oleśniewicz Piotr , Tyszkiewicz Rafał
Published: June 2019

In the ageing society, seniors’ quality of life plays a significant role. It is influenced by physical activity, care of health, training of the mind. A considerable role in preparing people to ageing is ascribed to Universities of the Third Age, whose main purpose is to stimulate the elderly to active ageing and help them in their free time management. The quick civilizational progress makes it necessary to educate individuals throughout their lives. Those who participate in this process adapt to change more easily and pass through ageing more smoothly. The presented research results clearly confirm the positive impact of Universities of the Third Age on shaping seniors’ quality of life.
A VOCATIONAL SCHOOL IN TROUBLE. THE THING ABOUT THE CONDITION OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF YOUTH EDUCATION CHOICES
Authors: Kozielska Joanna
Published: June 2019

The main topic of this study was the educational and professional choices of junior high school students in the context of the situation on the local labor market. Attention was also paid to the depreciated face of vocational education and its changes over the years. The article also presents the opinions of students and employers about the vocational school and a list of its main problems
Irisin and thyroid dysfunction – news in endocrinology
Authors: Zybek-Kocik Adrianna , Ruchała Marek
Published: June 2019

Irisina, also known as irisine, is a newly discovered adipomiokine secreted under the influence of physical activity, having a significant impact on metabolism body. Under its influence comes the so-called „Browning” white adipose tissue and increase thermogenesis. In last time changes in irisin concentration in thyroid dysfunction are described.

The aim of the work is to present the assumptions of the doctoral dissertation describing changes in irisine concentration in various functional states thyroid, consisting of three thematically related publications, discussion of the results obtained and their discussion in context the latest reports in this field.

Data published so far on the relationship between functional disorders thyroid and irisine levels indicate a significant effect of overt hyperactivity and hypothyroidism on the concentration of irisin. The described changes probably due to the significant impact of the disorder thyroid function on the metabolism of muscle tissue. What’s more, they give she hopes to use these phenomena in clinical practice, the goal providing more optimal care for affected patients thyroid dysfunction.

However, the available data is not fully compatible and there are still randomized, prospective studies that can fully explain phenomena described so far. They require further analysis and an in-depth assessment of pathomechanisms behind them, for implementation them to clinical practice.
Novel protein-lipid factors in the pathomechanism of mild preeclampsia
Authors: Charkiewicz Karol
Published: June 2019

The aim of this review was discussion on the new protein and lipid
factors and their role in the pathomechanism of preeclampsia. Sphingolipids
discussed in the review: Sph (sphingosine), S1P (sphingosine-
1-phosphate), C20-Cer (ceramides containing arachidic acid),
C18-Cer (ceramides containing stearic acid), C16-Cer (ceramides containing
palmitic acid), C18: 1-Cer (ceramides containing oleic acid),
C22-Cer (ceramide containing behenic acid) and C24: 1-Cer (ceramides
containing nervonic acid). Angiogenic factors discussed in the review:
Hb-EGF (heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor), HGF (hepatocyte
growth factor), LIF (leukaemia inhibitory factor), leptin, PDGF-BB
(platelet-derived growth factor BB) and follistatin. Based on literature
findings, it seems that protein and lipid factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, and there are many proteins
and lipids that have not been studied in plasma of women with PE
to date. We showed a few new pathways in pathomechanism of preeclampsia.
LIGHTWEIGHT MACHINE ENCLOSURES FOR DYNAMIC AND EFFICIENT PRODUCTION PROCESSES
Authors: MÖHRING H.-Christian , STEHLE Thomas , SCHNEIDER Matthias
Published: June 2019

Usually machining centres for processing wood-based and composite materials have moving partial machine enclosures in the X-axis direction. Because the workpieces to be machined are often large (e.g. aircraft doors), these partial enclosures have prevailed on the market compared to voluminous complete enclosures. Owing to the general trend towards complete machining through process integration, an increasing number of additional units are integrated into machining centres in addition to the main spindle. This leads to an increase of the mass to be moved as well as a larger and thus heavier partial enclosure. This inevitable increase in mass leads to a deterioration of the dynamic properties of the machine. To counteract this increase in mass, the use of lightweight design materials for machine enclosures becomes in the focus of attention. The lightweight materials to be used must comply with the requirements of modern mechanical engineering and legislation: retention in
the event of tool breakage, reduction in the noise exposure of the machine environment and cost-effective solutions compared to the materials used nowadays. The sheet steel used today as material for partial enclosures is therefore to be supplemented or replaced with suitable lightweight design materials. Different lightweight materials are qualified for suitability as machine enclosure. Apart from mass reduction, ecological as well as economic aspects of the used materials play an important role. For this purpose, the safety properties (impact resistance in case of tool breakage / collision)
of these weight-reduced materials have to be determined. In addition, an improvement in the acoustic behaviour of the machine is achieved by the new lightweight materials since the machine enclosure shields the distinctive sound sources.
Der Nashornspur folgen, wo es kein Nashorn mehr gibt
Authors: Musch Tilman
Published: June 2019

Manifold spoors of human presence can be found in the Central Sahara - from prehistoric remains to contemporary tracks of men or animals. These objects constitute timescapes where locals - the Teda - are “tracking in time.” The article describes how such timescapes are constituted and how tracking takes places here. Following the Liebenberg-Carruthers-debate, the author asks whether or not “tracking in time” can be considered as science and links the results to a wider discussion about new (local) approaches to African anthropology, history, and archaeology.
Why Dragons Are Bisexual
Authors: Blust Robert
Published: June 2019

Dragons are portrayed in widely separated cultures as simultaneously male and female. While this trait may appear arbitrary, its global distribution implies that it is motivated by observations available to all humans. Many seemingly arbitrary traits of dragons are shared by conceptions of the rainbow, which is widely portrayed as having both male (primary) and female (secondary) arcs. This correlation of features in mythical and natural counterparts shows that the nineteenth-century doctrine of naturalism, which saw various elements of myth and folklore as reflecting features of the natural world, was valid despite excesses that eventually caused its abandonment.
Moderne Q’eqchi’-Maya-Identität und der antike Maya-Ort Tamarindito in Guatemala
Authors: Eberl Markus , Coc Santiago Cho
Published: June 2019

Guatemala’s Q’eqchi’-Maya employ the past to construct their identity. In modern states, leaders like Mussolini or Hitler appropriated the past to shape national identities. Unlike these top-down approaches, the Q’eqchi’ offer a bottom-up perspective. In the Guatemalan highlands, Q’eqchi’ ritual practices involve the tzuul taq’a’s, supernatural beings linked to mountains and owners of the land. Recently many Q’eqchi’ migrated into the tropical lowlands and settled among Classic Maya ruins. Through questionnaires and interviews we reconstruct the complex ways in which Q’eqchi’ transfer the tzuul taq’a’ to the lowlands and appropriate their new surroundings both ideologically and physically.
La atribución del uso de la vivienda en supuestos de guarda y custodia compartida: análisis de la doctrina jurisprudencial
Authors: Pardo Pumar María José
Published: June 2019

Procede afirmar que uno de los grandes caballos de batalla de la guarda y custodia compartida lo constituye la determinación de la atribución del uso de la vivienda familiar, si es que al fijarse un régimen de custodia compartida podemos continuar hablando de la existencia de vivienda familiar como tal. A pesar de que este tema se configura, como he dicho, como uno de los grandes caballos de batalla en los procedimientos judiciales sobre guarda y custodia compartida, la realidad es que en España carecemos de regulación legal expresa al respecto siendo el único punto de referencia, tal y como se determinó en la S.T.S. de 24 de octubre de 2014, el apartado 2 del artículo 96, el cual debe aplicarse por analogía a estos supuestos.En este artículo se analiza pues la doctrina jurisprudencial en materia de atribución de la vivienda en dicho régimen de guarda y custodia._________________It is appropriate to affirm that one of the great workhorses of shared custody is the determination of the attribution of the family house, if, in establishing a shared custody regime, we can continue talking about the existence of a family house as such. Although this issue is configured, as I said, as one of the great workhorses in the judicial proceedings on guardianship and shared custody the reality is that in Spain we lack legal regulation expresses in this regard being the only point of reference, as determined in the STS of October 24, 2014, paragraph 2 of Article 96, which must be applied by analogy.In this article we analyze the jurisprudential doctrine of the Supreme Court regarding the attribution of housing in said custody regime.
Protocolo Y Ceremonial En La Iglesia Católica
Authors: Somavilla Enrique
Published: June 2019

La Santa Sede es el órgano de gobierno de la Iglesia católica, que se encuentra físicamente en el diminuto territorio del Estado de la Ciudad del Vaticano; que se encuentra sujeta al Derecho Internacional con personalidad jurídica internacional. La Curia romana es el brazo ejecutivo del gobierno de la Sede Apostólica. La autoridad suprema del Santo Padre se extiende por igual a la jerarquía eclesiástica como a los fieles cristianos; tanto individual como colectivamente. En virtud de su oficio pastoral, le corresponde dirigir al Estado de la Ciudad del Vaticano, como su Jefe de Estado; de llevar adelante la misión de Pedro como su sucesor al frente de la Sede Apostólica y ejercer el servicio de Supremo Pastor de la Iglesia católica en cuanto Vicario de Cristo, como ejercicio del ministerio petrino___________________________________________The Holy See is the organism of Catholic Church’s government which is found physically in the small territory of the Vatican City State. This one is subject of International Law with international judicial personality.  The Roman Curia is the executive branch of the Apostolic See government. The higher authority of the Holy Father spreads equally for ecclesiastical hierarchy and the faithful Christians, individually and collectively. The Pope, in virtue of his pastoral function, is the responsible of leading the Vatican City State as his chief of State. He also has to carry forward Peter’s mission as his successor in front of the Apostolic See and exercise the service as Supreme Shepherd of the Catholic Church as Vicar of Christ, exercising the Petrine Ministry.
Prevalência da hanseníase no período de 2013 a 2017 em Guaraí/TO
Authors: Azevedo Míriam Silva , Gonçalves Eliane Fátima , Carvalho Aluísio Vasconcelos
Published: June 2019

A hanseníase é uma doença lenta que acomete, predominantemente, adultos. Causada pelo bacilo Mycobacterium leprae, o micróbio possui alta infectabilidade, afetando nervos periféricos e pele. O Brasil assume o segundo lugar em casos registrados no mundo; cerca de 94% dos casos nas Américas estão registradas no país. Considerado sério problema de saúde pública, conhecer a epidemiologia da doença é uma ferramenta importante no combate à endemia. O Tocantins, por se tratar de um estado com alta taxa de prevalência da doença, necessita de estudos mais amplos, sobretudo nos municípios com maiores casos notificados. Verificou-se em Guaraí que há uma prevalência de hanseníase, embora o número tenha diminuído. Porém, necessita de uma constante vigilância para o combate efetivo dos enfermos e proteção das populações vulneráveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a incidência e prevalência de hanseníase no município de Guaraí/TO.
Pharaoh’s Dance: the oak genomic mosaic
Authors: Hipp Andrew L
Published: June 2019

When we look at an oak, we see one organism, despite the fact that each of the estimated 25,808 genes in the oak genome has a unique history. Here I review why the evolutionary history of oaks comprises a variety of phylogenetic histories that trace disparate histories of introgression, stochastic allele extinction, and population divergence. I describe recent phylogenomic work that dissects the multiple phylogenetic histories constituting the history of white oak movements between the Americas and Eurasia. Finally, I argue that the patterns and causes of genomic mosaicism should be a central focus of inquiry for oak phylogenetic work in the coming decade.
Quantitating primer-template interactions using a deconstructed PCR methodology
Authors: Naqib Ankur , Jeon Trisha , Green Stefan J
Published: June 2019

When the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to amplify simultaneously multiple templates, preferential amplification of certain templates (PCR bias) leads to a distorted representation of the original templates in the final amplicon pool. PCR selection, a type of PCR bias, is influenced by mismatches between primers and templates, the locations of mismatches, and the nucleotide pairing of mismatches. Direct measurement of primer-template interactions has not been possible, leading to uncertainty when attempting to optimize PCR reactions and degenerate primer pools. In this study, we developed an experimental system to systematically study primer-template interactions. We synthesized 10 double-stranded DNA templates with unique priming sites, as well as 64 primers with 0, 1, 2 or 3 mismatches with each of the 10 templates. By using a previously described deconstructed PCR (DePCR) methodology, we generated empirical data showing individual primer interactions with templates in complex template-primer amplification reactions. Standard PCR and DePCR amplification protocols were used to amplify templates in a series of 16 experiments in which templates, primers, and annealing temperature were varied. We observed that although perfect match primer-template interactions are important, the dominant type of interactions are mismatch amplifications, and that mismatched primer annealing and polymerase copying starts immediately during the first two cycle of PCR. In reactions with degenerate primer pools, multiple mismatches between primer and template are tolerated, and these do not have a strong effect on observed template ratios after amplification when employing the DePCR methodology. When employing the DePCR methodology, mismatched primer-template interactions were able to amplify source templates with significantly lower distortion relative to standard PCR. We establish here a quantitative experimental system for interrogating primer-template interactions and demonstrate the efficacy of the DePCR method for amplification of complex template mixtures with complex primer pools.
Solving Directly Second Order Initial Value Problems with Lucas Polynomial
Authors: Adeniran A. O. , Longe I. O.
Published: June 2019

Aims/ Objectives: This paper presents a one step hybrid numerical scheme with one o gridpoints for solving directly the general second order initial value problems.Study Design: Section one which is the introduction, give a brief about initial value problem.In the next section derivation of one step hybrid scheme is considered. Section Three providesthe analysis of the scheme, while numerical implementation of the scheme and conclusion are inSections four and ve respectively.Methodology: The scheme is developed using collocation and interpolation technique invokedon Lucas polynomial.Results: The proposed scheme is consistent, zero stable and of order four and can estimate theapproximate solution at both step and o step points simultaneously by using variable step size.Conclusion: Numerical results are given to show the eciency of the proposed scheme over someexisting schemes of same and higher order[ [1],[2], [3],[4], [5], [6]].
Association of Pain Centralization and Patient‐Reported Pain in Active Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Heisler Andrew C. , Song Jing , Dunlop Dorothy D. , Wohlfahrt Alyssa , Bingham Clifton O. , Bolster Marcy B. , Clauw Daniel J. , Marder Wendy , Phillips Kristine , Neogi Tuhina , Lee Yvonne C.
Published: June 2019

Objective

Pain is a significant burden for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) despite advancements in treatment. We undertook this study to examine the independent contribution of pain centralization to the pain experience of patients with active RA.

Methods

A total of 263 RA patients with active disease underwent quantitative sensory testing (QST), including assessment of extraarticular pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), temporal summation (TS), and conditioned pain modulation (CPM). The pain experience was assessed by a pain intensity numeric rating scale and the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System pain interference computerized adaptive test. We examined associations between QST measures and pain intensity and pain interference. Multiple linear regression models were adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, including swollen joint count and C‐reactive protein level.

Results

Patients with the lowest PPTs (most central dysregulation) reported higher pain intensity than patients with the highest PPTs (adjusted mean difference 1.02 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.37, 1.67]). Patients with the highest TS (most central dysregulation) had higher pain intensity than those with the lowest TS (adjusted mean difference 1.19 [95% CI 0.54, 1.84]). CPM was not associated with differences in pain intensity. PPT and TS were not associated with pain interference. Patients with the lowest CPM (most centrally dysregulated) had lower pain interference than patients with the highest CPM (adjusted mean difference −2.35 [95% CI −4.25, −0.44]).

Conclusion

Pain centralization, manifested by low PPTs and high TS, was associated with more intense pain. Clinicians should consider pain centralization as a contributor to pain intensity, independent of inflammation.
Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Activity by Tuning Both the Oxygen Vacancy and Orbital Occupancy of B‐Site Metal Cation in NdNiO3
Authors: Hu Chang , Wang Xianjie , Yao Tai , Gao Tangling , Han Jiecai , Zhang Xinghong , Zhang Yumin , Xu Ping , Song Bo
Published: June 2019

Perovskite oxides have been explored as promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), while a lack of understanding of key factors impacting the catalytic activity restricts their further design and development. Here, for the first time, the contributions of oxygen vacancy (VO) and orbital occupancy of B‐site cations to the catalytic activity of NdNiO3 films are systematically investigated. It is found that OER activity follows a typical volcano‐shaped dependence on the oxygen pressure. In the range of 0.2–10 Pa, proper concentration of VO can provide a moderate bonding strength with intermediate hydroxyl OH* and the increased ratio of Ni3+/Ni2+ provides a more favorable occupancy of eg orbital for the catalytic activity; while in the range of 10–60 Pa, insufficient concentration of VO leads to an enhanced strength of hybridization between Ni 3d and O 2p band and thus deteriorated catalytic activity. The superior OER catalytic performance can be only achieved with both appropriate concentration of VO and the ratio of B‐site metal cations with different valences.
Porphyrin MOF Dots–Based, Function‐Adaptive Nanoplatform for Enhanced Penetration and Photodynamic Eradication of Bacterial Biofilms
Authors: Deng Qingqing , Sun Panpan , Zhang Lu , Liu Zhengwei , Wang Huan , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang
Published: June 2019

Recently, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been considered as an attractive treatment option for biofilms ablation. However, even very efficient photosensitizers (PSs) still need high light doses and PS concentrations to eliminate biofilms due to the limited penetration and diffusion of PSs in biofilms. Moreover, the hypoxic microenvironment and rapid depletion of oxygen during PDT severely limit their therapeutic effects. Herein, for the first time, a porphyrin‐based metal organic framework (pMOF) dots–based nanoplatform with effective biofilm penetration, self‐oxygen generation, and enhanced photodynamic efficiency is synthesized for bacterial biofilms eradication. The function‐adaptive nanoplatform is composed of pMOF dots encapsulated by human serum albumin–coated manganese dioxide (MnO2). The pH/H2O2‐responsive decomposition of MnO2 in biofilms triggers the release of ultra‐small and positively charged pMOF dots and simultaneously generates O2 in situ to alleviate hypoxia for biofilms. The released pMOF dots with high reactive oxygen species yield can effectively penetrate into biofilms, strongly bind with bacterial cell surface, and ablate bacterial biofilms. Importantly, such a nanoplatform can realize great therapeutic outcomes for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus–infected subcutaneous abscesses in vivo without damage to healthy tissues, which offers a promising strategy for efficient biofilms eradication.
Enhanced Uniformity and Stability of Pb–Sn Perovskite Solar Cells via Me4NBr Passivation
Authors: Du Xingzhi , Qiu Renzheng , Zou Taoyu , Chen Xuexian , Chen Huanjun , Zhou Hang
Published: June 2019

Tin–lead (Sn–Pb) based hybrid perovskite solar cell is investigated as a potential solution to extend the light absorption spectrum range, and to reduce environmental hazard caused by lead in the perovskite materials. Nonetheless, due to the instability of tin, the Sn–Pb based perovskite solar cells suffer from more severe efficiency degradation when compared to the lead‐based perovskite solar cells, which restricts its further development. Here, a quaternary ammonium halide compound, Me4NBr, is introduced to passivate the Sn–Pb based perovskite surface. The Me4NBr effectively reduces the surface defects and enhances the open circuit voltage and fill factor of the Sn–Pb based perovskite solar cell. Moreover, the Me4NBr treated Sn–Pb perovskite cells also demonstrate a significant stability enhancement when compared with the untreated Sn–Pb perovskite cells.
Novel Scalable Transfer Approach for Discrete III‐Nitride Devices Using Wafer‐Scale Patterned h‐BN/Sapphire Substrate for Pick‐and‐Place Applications
Authors: Ayari Taha , Sundaram Suresh , Bishop Chris , Mballo Adama , Vuong Phuong , Halfaya Yacine , Karrakchou Soufiane , Gautier Simon , Voss Paul L. , Salvestrini Jean Paul , Ougazzaden Abdallah
Published: June 2019

The mechanical release of III‐nitride devices using h‐BN is a promising approach for heterogeneous integration. Upscaling this technology for industrial level requires solutions that allow a simple pick‐and‐place technique of selected devices for integration while preserving device performance. An advance that satisfies both of these requirements is demonstrated in this work. It is based on a lateral control of the h‐BN quality, using patterned sapphire with a SiO2 mask, to achieve localized van der Waals epitaxy of high‐quality GaN based device structures. After process fabrication, the devices can be individually picked and placed on a foreign substrate without the need for a dicing step. In addition, this approach could reduce delamination of h‐BN on large diameter substrates because each h‐BN region is smaller, with independent device structures. Discrete InGaN LEDs on h‐BN are grown and fabricated on 2 in. patterned sapphire using a SiO2 mask. A set of devices are selectively released and transferred to flexible aluminum tape. The transferred LEDs exhibit blue light emission around 435 nm. The approach presented here is scalable on any wafer size, can be applied to other types of nitride‐based devices, and can be compatible with commercial pick‐and‐place handlers for mass production.
Raft‐forming polysaccharides for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD): Systematic review
Authors: Yousaf Maria , Nirwan Jorabar Singh , Smith Alan M. , Timmins Peter , Conway Barbara R. , Ghori Muhammad Usman
Published: June 2019

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a common condition induced by unwarranted reflux of gastric and duodenal contents into the esophagus, and insufficient clearance of refluxate from it. Pharmaceutical formulations possessing raft‐forming capability offers an excellent alternative to conventional treatment options to treat uncomplicated GORD. These formulations typically contain a polymer, which performs distinctively upon contact with gastric acid and develops a foam‐like structure that can float on gastric contents. This review aims to feature research articles and patents that cover this topic. After undergoing a standardized literature search following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses guidelines, we have included 38 research articles and 18 patents describing the role of raft‐forming polymers in the treatment of GORD. This is a comprehensive review of formulation/testing of raft‐forming polymers. As expected, the majority of the studies focused on alginate; however, fewer studies have reported the use of pectin, xanthan gum, and raw psyllium fibers (husk). Moreover, it can be concluded from this comprehensive systematic review that a detailed characterization of raft‐forming formulations, type, and concentration of used active and inactive materials and different formulations factors are essential for the development of successful anti‐reflux raft‐forming formulations. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 48012.
Striving for Excellence in Program Outcomes Assessment
Authors: Mince Rosalie V.
Published: June 2019

This article describes the components of a program outcomes assessment model based on best practices that can be applied to improve the program review process in institutions of higher education.
Mechanistic Study on the Asymmetric Synthesis of the Wieland‐Miescher Ketone and Analogs
Authors: Liu Chunhui , Bradshaw Ben , Maseras Feliu , Bonjoch Josep , Besora Maria
Published: June 2019

The organocatalyzed synthesis of the Wieland‐Miescher ketone (WMK) via N‐sulfonyl‐binamprolinamide catalysis was investigated using experimental and computational tools. A mechanistic proposal is presented describing the origin of the high enantioselectivity, which rivals that of aldolases. The computational study reveals that the role of the prolinamide catalyst is to lower the reaction barrier and determine the stereoselectivity of the product achieved, while the role of the carboxylic acid is to facilitate proton transfer steps. The effect of the acid co‐catalyst was confirmed by experiments. The role of the structure of the BINAM backbone and the effect of the sulfonamide group are uncovered experimentally and computationally. Calculations show that a rigid highly defined catalytic pocket due to covalent and steric interactions induces conformational changes in the triketone substrate to maximize interactions.
Nitroxyl Radical‐Mediated Oxidation of Alcohols in Continuous Microreactors
Authors: Deckers Christoph , Linden Martin , Löwe Holger
Published: June 2019

Primary and secondary alcohols are oxidized to corresponding aldehydes and ketones, respectively, with nitroxyl radicals. The stable radical 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) is used as a mediator for selective oxidation of anisyl alcohol to anisaldehyde. This reaction is operated in different continuous microreactors either in single‐phase or in multiphase applications like double emulsions. The latter are used for a simple separation of the hydrophilic coproduct 1‐hydroxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine (TEMPO‐H) and the lipophilic product anisaldehyde. In addition, cyclic voltammetry is applied to determine conditions and parameters for electrochemical recycling of TEMPO‐H. TEMPO‐H is reactivated in a continuous electrolysis cell by anodic oxidation for reuse as mediator.
In Situ Hybridization for Detecting Mature MicroRNAs In Vivo at Single‐Cell Resolution
Authors: Minogue Amanda L. , Arur Swathi
Published: June 2019

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of cell and tissue development. However, spatial resolution of miRNA heterogeneity and accumulation patterns in vivo remains uncharted. Next‐generation sequencing methods assay miRNA abundance in tissues, yet these analyses do not provide spatial resolution. A method to assay miRNA expression at single‐cell resolution in vivo should clarify the cell‐autonomous functions of miRNAs, their roles in influencing the cellular microenvironment, and their perdurance and turnover rate. We present an in situ hybridization protocol to map miRNA subcellular expression in single cells in vivo in four days. Using this protocol, we mapped distinct miRNAs that accumulate in the cytoplasm of one sibling oocyte but not another, dependent on the oocyte developmental stage. Thus, this method provides spatial and temporal resolution of the heterogeneity in expression of miRNAs during Caenorhabditis elegans oogenesis. This protocol can generally be adapted to any tissue amenable to dissection and fixation. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.