bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Outpatient Utilization by Differing Medicaid Payment Models in the United States
Authors: Canares Therese , Friedman Ari , Rodean Jonathan , Burns Rebecca R. , Berkowitz Deena , Hall Matt , Alpern Elizabeth , Montalbano Amanda
Published: April 2020

Background In the United States (US), medicaid capitated managed care costs are controlled by optimizing patients’ healthcare utilization. Adults in capitated plans utilize primary care providers (PCP) more than emergency departments (ED), compared to fee-for-service (FFS). Pediatric data are lacking. We aim to determine the association between US capitated and FFS Medicaid payment models and children’s outpatient utilization. Methods This retrospective cohort compared outpatient utilization between two payment models of Medicaid enrollees aged 1-18 years using Truven’s 2014 Marketscan Medicaid database. Children enrolled >11 months were included, and were excluded for eligibility due to disability/complex chronic condition, lack of outpatient utilization, or provider capitation penetration rate <5% or >95%. Negative binomial and logistic regression assessed relationships between payment model and number of visits or odds of utilization, respectively. Results Of 711,008 children, 66,980(9.4%) had FFS and 644,028(90.6%) had capitated plans. Children in capitated plans had greater odds of visits to urgent care, PCP-acute, and PCP-well-child care (aOR 1.21[95%CI 1.15-1.26]; aOR 2.07[95%CI 2.03-2.13]; aOR 1.86 [95%CI 1.82-1.91], respectively), and had lower odds of visits to EDs and specialty care (aOR 0.82 [95%CI 0.8-0.83]; aOR 0.61 [95%CI 0.59-0.62], respectively), compared to FFS. Conclusions The majority of children in this US Medicaid population had capitated plans associated with higher utilization of acute care, but increased proportion of lower-cost sites, such as PCP-acute visits and UC. Policies that improve healthcare coverage of children and programs that encourage capitated payment models with care coordination may improve access to timely acute care in lower-cost settings for non-chronically ill children.
Associations between dietary patterns and cognitive ability in 10-15 years old Chinese children: evidence from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies
Authors: Wang Tiantian , Cao Shiyi , Li Dandan , Chen Fan , Jiang Qingqing , Zeng Jing
Published: April 2020

Background Limited study is currently available concerning the associations between dietary patterns and cognitive ability during childhood and adolescence, especially studies come out of Chinese data. Our aim was to analyze the associations between dietary patterns and cognitive ability in 10 to 15 year-old Chinese children. Methods 2029 children’s dietary, cognitive ability and sociodemographic data were available from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Dietary patterns were identified by the principal component method (PCA). Associations between dietary patterns and cognitive ability were assessed using Ordinal-Logistic regression models. Results Three dietary patterns were identified namely as ‘High protein’, ‘High fat’ and ‘High salt-oil’. Following adjustment for the gender, age, nationality, household registration, school, parents’ education, family education environment, family annual income and family size, we found that higher score on the ‘High protein’ pattern was associated with higher scores of mathematics test (OR=1.62; CI: 1.23~2.15; P=0.001) but was not significant with vocabulary test (OR=1.21; CI: 0.93~1.58; P=0.149). Higher score on the ‘High fat’ pattern was associated with lower score of mathematics (OR=0.76; CI: 0.59~0.98; P=0.031) and vocabulary test (OR=0.77; CI: 0.61~0.97; P=0.029). There was no significance between ‘High salt-oil’ pattern and mathematics (OR=0.99; CI:0.77~1.27; P=0.915) and vocabulary test (OR=0.93; CI:0.73~1.18; P=0.544). Conclusions The study indicated that ‘High protein’ pattern may has positive associations with cognitive ability in Chinese children, while ‘High fat’ pattern may has negative associations.
The practice of dentistry by Australian- and overseas-trained dentists in Australia: discriminant analysis of key predictors
Authors: Balasubramanian Madhan , Spencer A John , Sohn Woosung , Brennan David S
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Overseas-trained dentists comprise a significant proportion of the Australian dental workforce. The aim of the study was to examine characteristics and practice variations between Australian- and overseas-trained dentists, with an intent to identify key predictors that best differentiates Australian- and overseas-trained dentists’ practice of dentistry in Australia. Methods: Data for the study were from the Longitudinal Study of Dentist Practice Activity (LSDPA), a survey of a nationally representative random sample of dentists in Australia commencing 1983-84 and followed every five years. Dentists were surveyed on a wide range of items including participant characteristics, practice patterns, practice inputs, direct demand and productivity measures. Data were weighted to national estimates by age, sex and practice type. Discriminant function analysis was used to examine the effects of predictor variables that best separated dentists to Australian- or overseas-trained. Results: A total of 1148 dentists (response rate =67 %) responded to the survey in 2009-10; 648 complete cases were available for the discriminant analysis. The discriminant functions for the full sample, and each of the three age groups (<35 yrs; 35-50 yrs & 50+ yrs) were found effective to seperate dentists into two groups (Australian and overseas), with the proportion of cases correctly classified being highest for the oldest age group (89.7% for 50+yrs). Gender (being female), type of practice (working in public sector), and SEIFA (working at disadvantaged areas) were significant predictors, with more prominence in the 35-50 yrs age group. Practice inputs, demand and productivity measures offered less discriminative capacity between Australian- and overseas-trained dentists. Conclusion: Overseas-trained dentists contribute towards providing dental care to underserved population, public sector and in rural and remote locations. This study provided some basis to argue that policies to encourage overseas-trained dentists to contribute towards areas of need locations in Australia have been successful. Key productivity measures of overseas trained dentists mimicked those of Australian-trained dentists.
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension combined with subarachnoid hemorrhage: report of 2 cases
Authors: Cao Ya , Na Weinan , Su Hui , Wang Xiaolin , Dong Zhao , Yu Shengyuan
Published: April 2020

Background: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) combined with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has rarely been reported. Herein, we report two patients with SIH who suffered from diffuse non-aneurysmal SAH and expanded the symptom spectrum of SIH.Case report: ① A 55-year-old male was diagnosed with SIH based on orthostatic headache and diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement on brain MRI. One more month later, his headache was exacerbated, and brain CT showed diffuse SAH. Lumber puncture showed bloody CSF with a low CSF pressure of 20 mmH2O after a 30 ml intrathecal injection of saline. The patient was treated with a lumbar epidural blood patch and recovered. ② A 41-year-old male presented with orthostatic headache and nuchal pain. The brain CT scan confirmed the diagnosis of SAH. Brain MRI revealed diffuse dural thickening and bilateral frontoparietal subdural fluid collection. Lumber puncture showed bloody CSF with low CSF pressure. Then, an epidural blood patch was performed with satisfactory results.Conclusion: Dilation and rupture of intracranial venous structures might play significant roles in SIH combined with SAH. We should be alert to SIH patients who develop a new persistent severe headache without relief after lying down or a suddenly changed state of consciousness.
Headache is associated with aberrant cerebral blood flow in chronic tinnitus revealed by perfusion functional MRI
Authors: Chen Yu-Chen , Hu Jinghua , Cui Jinluan , Shang Song’an , Yong Wei , Xu Jin-Jing , Yin Xindao , Wu Yuanqing , Qi Jianwei
Published: April 2020

Background: Chronic tinnitus is often accompanied with headache symptom that will affect the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and exacerbate the tinnitus distress. However, the potential relationship between headache and tinnitus remains unclear. This study will investigate whether aberrant CBF patterns exist in chronic tinnitus patients and examine the influence of headache on CBF alterations in chronic tinnitus. Methods: Participants included chronic tinnitus patients (n=45) and non-tinnitus controls (n=50), matched for age, sex, education, and hearing thresholds. CBF images were collected and analyzed using arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Regions with major CBF differences between tinnitus patients and non-tinnitus controls were first detected. The interaction effects between headache and tinnitus for CBF alterations were further examined. Correlation analyses illustrated the association between CBF values and tinnitus severity as well as between CBF and degree of headache.Results: Compared with non-tinnitus controls, chronic tinnitus patients exhibited decreased CBF, primarily in right superior temporal gyrus (STG), bilateral middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and left superior frontal gyrus (SFG); decreased CBF in these regions was correlated with tinnitus distress. There was a significant interaction effect between headache and tinnitus for CBF in right STG and MFG. Moreover, the degree of headache correlated negatively with CBF in tinnitus patients.Conclusions: Chronic tinnitus patients exhibited reduced CBF in the auditory and prefrontal cortex. Headache may facilitate a CBF decrease in the setting of tinnitus, which may underlie the neuropathological mechanisms of chronic tinnitus comorbid with headache.
Identification of WTAP-related genes by weighted gene co-expression network analysis in ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Jing , Xu Jing , Li Ke , Huang Yunke , Dai Yilin , Xu Congjian , Kang Yu
Published: April 2020

Background : WTAP modulating other genes in the manner of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, in particular, acting as a N6-methyladenosine writer or binding to the 3’-untranslated region of mRNA, promotes a variety of tumors. However, its roles and mechanisms in ovarian cancer are unknown. Results : In this study, using univariate Cox analysis and online CPTA analysis, we found that WTAP was a poor prognostic factor for ovarian cancer and its protein expression level was higher in ovarian cancer compared to normal tissue. Subsequently, we identified a module containing 133 genes that were carefully related to WTAP expression through weighted gene co-expression network analysis. By calculating hazard ratio of these genes and comparing their differences in the WTAP high-expression group and the low-expression group, we noticed there was a significantly positive correlation between WTAP and two poor survival-related genes: FAM76A and HBS1L. Conclusion : Our research suggests that the WTAP-HBS1L / FAM76A axis may play an essential role in ovarian cancer progression and provide new ideas for ovarian cancer research.
DNA methylation-based classification and identification of bladder cancer prognosis-associated subgroups
Authors: Tian Zijian , Meng Lingfeng , Long Xingbo , Diao Tongxiang , Hu Maolin , Wang Miao , Liu Ming , Wang Jianye
Published: April 2020

Background : Bladder cancer (BCA) is the most common urinary tumor, but its pathogenesis is unclear, and the associated treatment strategy has rarely been updated. In recent years, a deeper understanding of tumor epigenetics has been gained, providing new opportunities for cancer detection and treatment.Methods : We identified prognostic methylation sites based on DNA methylation profiles of BCA in the TCGA database and constructed a specific prognostic subgroup.Results : Based on the consistent clustering of 402 CpGs, we identified seven subgroups that had a significant association with survival. The difference in DNA methylation levels was related to T stage, N stage, M stage, grade, sex, age, stage and prognosis. Finally, the prediction model was constructed using a Cox regression model and verified using the test dataset; the prognosis was consistent with that of the training set.Conclusions : The classification based on DNA methylation is closely related to the clinicopathological characteristics of BCA and determines the prognostic value of each epigenetic subtype. Therefore, our findings provide a basis for the development of DNA methylation subtype-specific therapeutic strategies for human bladder cancer.
Proteasome inhibition restored the reduced expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts
Authors: Neidhart Michel , Karouzakis Emmanuel , Fucentese Sandro , Distler Oliver , Jüngel Astrid
Published: April 2020

Background. Synovial hyperplasia is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This might be associated with an imbalance of growth-promoting and apoptotic pathways, among them fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) . The aim was to investigate differences in FGFRs and to explore the factors that might explain the differences between RA and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial fibroblasts. Methods. To assess FGFRs expression, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and RT-qPCR were performed. The cells were treated with TNFa, FGF2, a demethylation agent, PKA-mimics or inhibitors, hypoxia-mimics or proteasome inhibitors. Proliferation was measured using the CCK8 assay and 20S proteasome activity by a fluorescent assay. Results. In RA, FGFR3 protein was decreased in the synovial lining layer (p<0.005) and in cultured RA synovial fibroblasts (RASF) (n=10, p < 0.01). Transcription was unchanged and DNA demethylation decrease its expression. Exposure to TNFa or FGF2 had no effect on FGFR3. PKA-modulation and hypoxia-mimics induced transient changes only. Most interesting, in RASF, the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 restored FGFR3 expression (p<0.001) to levels measured in normal or OA synovial fibroblasts. MG-132 abolished the enhanced proliferative response of RASF to FGF2 (p<0.005). Increased 20S proteasome activity correlated (r=- 0.63, p<0.05) with decreased expression of FGFR3. Conclusions. The expression of FGFR3 is reduced in RA partially due to an increased degradation in proteasomes. This leads to an imbalance in the FGF-related signal pathways and may contribute to synovial hyperplasia. Proteasome inhibitors could represent a novel therapeutic strategy in RA, particularly to prevent synovial hyperplasia.
Gestational age-specific normative values and determinants of serum progesterone through the first trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Ku Chee Wai , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Østbye Truls , Allen John Carson , Zhang Valencia , Tan Thiam Chye
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Progesterone is a steroid hormone that is critical for implantation and maintenance of pregnancy, with low levels being associated with a significantly higher miscarriage risk. Despite its pivotal role, especially during early pregnancy, reference range studies of serum progesterone are predominantly trimester-specific with wide ranges that are not clinically useful. Although it is established that serum progesterone exhibits an overall increasing trend during pregnancy, little is known about its trajectory during early pregnancy. We sought to find the gestational age-specific normative values and trajectory of serum progesterone, and its associated maternal and fetal factors, during the first trimester of a viable low-risk pregnancy.METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted at KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital from 1 April 2012 to 31 January 2018, recruiting 590 women with a single intrauterine low-risk pregnancy, presenting at antenatal clinics between gestational weeks 5 to 12. Gestational age-specific normative values and trajectory of serum progesterone were determined via quantile regression. Maternal and fetal characteristics that influence normative values of serum progesterone were determined via univariable analyses followed by multivariable regression. RESULTS: Serum progesterone showed an increasing trend during the first trimester of a viable low-risk pregnancy, with a transient decline between gestational weeks 6 to 8 corresponding to the luteal-placental shift. Lowest levels were seen at week 7 (mean serum progesterone of 75.0 nmol/L at week 5 versus 63.4 nmol/L at week 7, p=0.029; 63.4 nmol/L at week 7 versus 78.0 nmol/L at week 9, p<0.001). In a multivariable logistic regression, gestational age, maternal age, maternal body mass index at presentation, parity and fetal gender were found to be associated with progesterone levels, explaining 18.8% of the variability. CONCLUSIONS: Our study described the gestational age-specific normative values and increasing trajectory of serum progesterone, with a physiological decline during weeks 6 to 8 of gestation. This forms the basis for future work on pathological levels of serum progesterone that may lead to miscarriage. Larger studies are also required to investigate the need for normative values to be developed, and personalized to account for maternal BMI, parity and fetal gender.
The triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and CDKAL1 gene rs10946398 SNP are associated with NAFLD in Chinese adults
Authors: Zhu Jun , Xu Dujuan , Yang Ruihua , Liu Min , Liu Ying
Published: April 2020

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a higher prevalence worldwide, and its pathogenesis is not clear. Genetic factors, dyslipidaemia and dysglycaemia have been proven to be associated with NAFLD. It has not been reported whether the triglyceride glucose index (TyG), which is estimated by triglyceride and fasting glucose, has a relationship with NAFLD in people from North China. Whether the CDKAL1 gene rs10946398 SNP, which has been found to be associated with BMI, has a relationship with TyG and NAFLD is not clear. Methods: We recruited a total of 1,760 subjects in this study, and we measured the clinical characteristics, abdominal ultrasound, and genotype of those participants. Results: The results showed that 527 (29.9%) subjects suffered from NAFLD, the TyG index was associated with NAFLD (OR=5.456, 95% CI (3.526~8.442)), and the CDKAL1 gene rs10946398 SNP has a relationship with NAFLD (OR=1.509, 95% CI (1.046~2.178)). The distribution of the C allele of rs10946398 was statistically significant at different levels of the TyG index. Conclusion: We identified an association between the rs10946398 genotypes of CDKAL1 and NAFLD and the TyG index, and the TyG index was related to the risk of NAFLD.
Planning and optimising a digital intervention to reduce older adults’ cognitive decline
Authors: Essery Rosie , Pollet Sebastien , Smith Kirsten A. , Mowbray Fiona , Slodkowska-Barabasz Joanna , Denison-Day James , Hayter Victoria , Bradbury Katherine , Grey Elisabeth , Western Max J. , Milton Alexander , Ferrey Anne E. , Müller Andre Matthias , Stuart Beth , Mutrie Nanette , Griffin Simon , Kendrick Tony , Gudgin Bernard , Phillips Rosemary , Stokes Tom , Niven John , Little Paul , Yardley Lucy
Published: April 2020

Background By 2050 worldwide dementia prevalence is expected to triple, rising to 152 million. Affordable, scalable interventions are required to support protective behaviours such as physical activity, cognitive training and healthy eating. This paper outlines the development of ‘Active Brains’: a multi-domain digital behaviour change intervention to reduce cognitive decline amongst older adults, and key findings arising from this process. Methods A theory-, evidence- and person-based approach to intervention development was undertaken. Scoping reviews and behavioural analysis contributed to intervention planning. Optimisation involved qualitative interviews with 52 older adults with higher and lower cognitive performance scores. Data were analysed thematically and informed changes. Results The development process synthesised findings from planning and optimisation activities. Scoping reviews and qualitative interviews suggested that the same intervention content should be suitable for individuals with higher and lower cognitive performance. Qualitative findings revealed that maintaining independence and enjoyment motivated engagement in intervention-targeted behaviours, whereas managing ill health was a potential barrier. Social support for engaging in such activities could provide motivation, but was not desirable for all. These findings informed development of highly acceptable intervention content and functionality for target users. Conclusions A digitally-delivered intervention with minimal support appears acceptable and potentially engaging to older adults with higher and lower levels of cognitive performance. As well as informing our own intervention, the insights obtained through our development process may be useful for others working with, and developing interventions for, older adults and/or those with cognitive impairment.
Relationship of chest CT score with clinical characteristics of 108 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Meng Guangping , Li Wei , Shi Bingqing , Dong Hongna , Su Zhenzhong , Huang Qian , gao peng
Published: April 2020

Background: In December 2019, the outbreak of a disease subsequently termed COVID-19 occurred in Wuhan, China. The number of cases increased rapidly and spread to six continents. However, there is limited information on the chest computed tomography (CT) characteristics of affected patients. Objective: Analyze COVID-19 patients to determine the relationships of clinical characteristics, chest CT score, and levels of inflammatory mediators . Methods: This retrospective, single-center case series of 108 consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST (Wuhan, China) was performed from January 1 to January 28, 2020. Patient demographics, comorbidities, clinical findings, chest CT results, and CT scores of affected lung parenchyma were recorded. The relationships between chest CT score with levels of systemic inflammatory mediators were determined. Results: All patients exhibited signs of significant systemic inflammation, including increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), procalcitonin, chest CT score, and a decreased lymphocyte (LY) count. Chest CT score had positive associations with white blood cell (WBC) count, CRP, ESR, procalcitonin, and abnormal coagulation function, and a negative association with LY count. Treatment with a glucocorticoid increased the LY count, reduced the CT score and CRP level, and improved coagulation function. Conclusions: COVID-19 infection is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response that affects the lungs, blood, digestive system, and circulatory systems. The chest CT score is a good indicator of the extent of systemic inflammation. Glucocorticoid treatment appears to reduce systemic inflammation in these patients.
Explore the self-care needs in patients with cancer; a qualitative content analysis
Authors: Mazhari Fariba , Khoshnood Zohreh
Published: April 2020

Background ‏ : Cancer is one of the most critical health problems worldwide today. Studies by different researchers have shown that disease can reduce people's ability to self-care. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate Self-care needs in patients with cancer.Methods ‏ : ‏ This study is a conventional, qualitative content. Data saturation achieved after interviewing 13 participants in 15 interviews. With the in-depth semi-structured approach, the participants were asked to narrate their experiences of Self-care needs in the process of disease. The analysis was done according to Graneheim and Lundman's method, the following considered: the unit of analysis, meaning unit, condensation, code, sub-category ‏,‏ category, and main category.Results ‏ : Data analysis leads to two main categories of the two main categories of "Deficiency in management of disease". Including three sub-categories: "the need to get rid of annoying physical symptoms"," Need for a caregiver in daily routine," and" Feeling frustrated and giving up treatment". The second main category of "the need for sympathetic and knowledgeable caregivers" with the following five sub-categories: "Need for sympathy and interaction with nurse", "the need to hear the truth about illness", " Need for appropriate therapeutic interaction from physicians", "Inadequate qualification of physicians' secretary about the patient", and" need for a psychologist for psychological adaptation. "Conclusion ‏ : ‏ The most critical needs are compassionate and informed caregivers. So nursing management and care with kindness, competence, and conscience is the fundamental right of patients with cancer. Identifying the needs and problems of patients can be used as a background for increasing the knowledge and experience of nurses and providing care for patients with cancer.
Effect of "motivational interviewing" and "information, motivation and behavioral skills” on choosing the mode of delivery in pregnant women: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shirzad Mahboubeh , Shakibazadeh Elham , Foroushani Abbas Rahimi , Abedini Mehrandokht , Poursharifi Hamid , Babaei Sohrab
Published: April 2020

Background Caesarean Section is an important surgical procedure, when normal vaginal delivery imposes a risk to mother and/or baby. The World Health Organization states the ideal rate for Cesarean section to be between 10% and 15% of all births. Even though, in recent decades, the rate has been increased dramatically worldwide. This paper explains the protocol of a randomized controlled trial that aims to compare the effect of "motivational interviewing" and "information, motivation and behavioral skills” on choosing mode of delivery in pregnant women. Methods/design A four-armed, parallel-design randomized controlled trial will be conducted on pregnant women. One hundred and twenty women will be randomly assigned to three intervention and one control groups. The inclusion criteria include being literate, gestational age from 24 to 32 weeks, being able to speak Persian, having no complications in the current pregnancy, having no indications for CS, and having enough time to participate in the intervention. The most important outcomes of the study include women’s intention to undergo Cesarean section, women’s self-efficacy, and usability of mobile application by the participants, and mode of delivery. Discussion The interventions of this protocol have been programmed to reduce unnecessary Cesarean section. Therefore, after running the protocol, findings may contribute to a rise in normal vaginal delivery. If proven to have an appropriate impact, it may be extended for use in national Cesarean section plans.
Seasonal and Temporal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Saguling Reservoir Indonesia Using Water Quality Index
Authors: Marselina Mariana , Sabar Arwin , Fahimah Nurul
Published: April 2020

In recent years, developments in agriculture, industry, and urban activities, especially around rivers and reservoirs have caused significant changes to the quality and quantity of water resources. This includes the Saguling Reservoir, which is located in Citarum basin, Indonesia. A review of previous studies reveals that Water Quality Index (WQI) is efficient for the identification of pollution sources as well as for the understanding of temporal and spatial variations in reservoir water quality. The National Sanitation Foundation – Water Quality Index (NSFWQI), which is a commonly used indicator of surface water quality, is based on turbidity, temperature, phosphate, nitrate, fecal coliform, pH, DO, TS, and BOD parameters. Using the results from the correlation matrix, we show that the two water quality parameters that influence the NSFWQI value the most are turbidity and fecal coliform. The average index of NSFWQI was determined to be 48.42 during the dry season, 43.97 during the normal season, and 45.82 during the wet season. A calculation of the WQI classified the water quality in the Saguling Reservoir as “bad” in condition. This study reveals that the strongest and most significant correlation between the concentration parameters and the WQI score is the turbidity concentration fecal coli, which is usable to determine the required parameters for the calculation of WQI with reduced parameters, if needed. This research also conducted nitrate concentration distribution analysis around Saguling Reservoir using the Inverse Distance Weighted method.
Rotating Elements Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Stochastic Resonance with Triple-well Potential System of Genetic Algorithm
Authors: ZiWen Liu , JinSong Bao , Lei Xiao , BoBo Wang
Published: April 2020

In engineering applications, the fault signal of rotating elements is easily submerged in the background noise. In order to solve this problem, a rotating body fault diagnosis method based on stochastic resonance with triple-well potential system of genetic algorithm is proposed. In this method, the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of the Triple-well potential system is used as the fitness function of the genetic algorithm, and several parameters of the system are optimized at the same time, which effectively improves the feature extraction effect of the weak fault of the rotating body. The results of simulation and engineering experiments show that this method has better detection effect than bistable stochastic resonance method, and can effectively detect the fault signal submerged by noise, which has a good engineering application prospect.
Non-active implantable device treating acid reflux with a new dynamic treatment approach: 1-year results
Authors: Bjelović Miloš , Harsányi László , Altorjay Áron , Kincses Zsolt , Forsell Peter
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND RefluxStop™ is an implantable, non-active, single use device to be used in the laparoscopic treatment of GERD. RefluxStop™ aims to block the movement of the LES up into the thorax and keep the angle of His in its original anatomically correct position. This new device restores normal anatomy, leaving the food passageway unaffected. METHODS In prospective, single arm, multicentric clinical investigation analyzing safety and effectiveness of the RefluxStop™ device to treat GERD, 50 subjects with chronic GERD had been included. They were operated using standardized surgical technique between December 2016 and September 2017 and followed up for one year (CE-mark investigation 6-months). Primary safety outcome was the prevalence of serious adverse events related to the device and primary effectiveness outcome reduction of GERD symptoms based on the GERD HRQL score. Secondary outcomes were the prevalence of the adverse events apart from serious, reduction of the total acid exposure time on 24-hour pH monitoring, reduction in average daily PPI dosage and subject satisfaction. RESULTS There were no serious adverse events related to the device. Average GERD-HRQL total score at 1 year improved 86% from baseline (p<0.001). 24-h pH monitoring compared to baseline showed a mean reduction percentage of overall time with pH<4 from 16.35% to 0.80% at the 6-month visit (p<0.001). At 1-year: No new cases of dysphagia were recorded, occurred in 2 subjects, both significantly reduced compared to baseline. Regular daily PPI use before surgery occurred in all 50 subjects. At the 1-year follow-up only 1 subject took regular daily PPIs due to too low placement of the device thereby prohibiting its function. None or minimal occasional episodes of regurgitation occurred in 97.8% of evaluable subjects. Gas bloating disappeared in 30 subjects and improved in 7 subjects. CONCLUSION The new principle of RefluxStop™ is safe and effective to treat GERD according to investigation results. At 1-year follow up visit, both the GERD-HRQL score and 24-h pH monitoring results indicate success for the new treatment principle. In addition, with the dynamic treatment for acid reflux, which avoids compressing the food passageway, prevalence of dysphagia and gas bloating are significantly reduced.
ORGANIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF UNIVERSITIES OF TECHNICAL SPECIALTIES IN THE COUNTRY OF TRENDS OF THE SOLUTION OF THE HUMANITARIAN-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT AMONG STUDENT YOUTH.
Authors: Chernikova Iryna
Published: April 2020

The connection of Ukraine with the world and European community implies a focus on the Person, his/her spiritual education, upbringing of value attitude to the social environment and him/herself, with a thorough education and deep knowledge, the ability to successfully solve his/her own life problems, readiness to take on the responsibility conditions of international relations, capability of self-development and self-improvement, responsibility for other people. This fundamental approach requires a rethinking of the process of education in universities with a technical profile of training specialists, and in general in the educational system of the state. The problem of development of the Concept of educational system of the modern higher technical educational institution for today and the necessity of finding effective ways of formation of world outlook positions and values landmarks of the student youth on the basis of spiritual, moral and cultural bases of life of the Ukrainian people, coordination of interaction of educational institutions of professional education, state institutions are considered.
CHRISTIAN EDUCATION OF THE RULER IN THE VISIGOTHIC KINGDOM
Authors: Saibekov Maksym
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the educational model of the outstanding European thinker of the 7th century, Isidore of Seville, with the principles of the education of the ruler and the class approach to the problem of teaching, with the content of the renovation pedagogy of the episcopal Gispal school of the VI-VIII centuries, its place in the evolution of the formation of Western European education. The article is dedicated to the problem of knowledge reception and work with the textbook during the «Dark Ages» in Visigothic Kingdom. An attempt is made to illustrate the process of reading through the reflection of this process in the creative heritage of Isidore of Seville (VII century). Therefore, our article is devoted to Visigoth Spain in VI-VII centuries, namely the formation of political, legal, moral and value concepts. Especially we pay attention to the image of the ideal ruler in the works of Isidore of Seville, Braulio of Zaragoza. We are trying to determine who should be the ideal ruler, and it is important to political and legal representation of the Visigoths, at a time when their culture reached its climax, absorbing the ancient traditions and world views. Isidor of Seville developed his own system of science independent learning for students, which has not lost its relevance today: a material, given by a tutor for independent learning, must be checked by parts, then each of these parts are translated out loud, and then the most important material was being selected from each part and as a result it is compiled into a student's report. Therefore, the place that Isidor occupies in the culture of his time is a key in the combination of two eras, and his educational program is thoroughly disclosed based on his main “pedagogical” texts.
IMMUNE STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH LUNG TUBERCULOSIS AND ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
Authors: Kochuieva Maryna , Hrek Ivan , Klimova Olena , Rogozhyn Anton , Kushnir Vasyl
Published: April 2020

Tuberculosis is a great medical and social problem. An important risk factor for tuberculosis progress is the systematic use of alcohol. The relationship between alcohol intake and TB has been clear after numerous studies and meta-analyzes. However, there are still open questions about whether alcohol is the direct cause of TB development, which doses of alcohol have the greatest trigger value in progress of TB process, what kind of immunological reactions are significantly associated with alcohol intake and what immune background can determining role of alcohol in progression of TB infection. The features of the immune response in TB patients with different value of alcohol use remain poorly understood.

The aim of the research - to investigate the immune status in patients with firstly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis with various levels of alcohol consumption.

Materials and methods. We selected for participating in the study 102 males with tuberculosis and alcohol consumption. Examination of the patients included: clinical methods, chest X-ray, sputum tests, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and immunological blood analysis.

Results. Patients with tuberculosis and alcohol consumption, have increase inflammatory response: higher level of stab neutrophils, CRP, ESR, as well as phagocyte activity, circulating immune complexes levels and medium molecular weight peptides levels. On the other hand we found decreasing of phagocytic number, index of phagocytosis completeness and differentiation clusters CD2+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ of T-lymphocytes` sub-populations. The highest changes were observed in the group of alcohol abusers.

Conclusions. Patients with tuberculosis and alcohol intake, even at low levels of its consumption, have a dysregulation of their immune response. On the one hand, there is an increase of non-specific inflammatory reactions, and on the other - a situation, when antigen-presenting cells cannot adequately to process and present the antigen to phagocytes. This prevents the immune system from responding quickly, correctly evaluating and suppressing foreign agents.
EXPERIMENTAL RATIONALE OF THE USE OF CELL THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA OPTICAL NEUROPATHY
Authors: Rykov Sergiy , Petrenko Oksana , Yakovets Antonina , Zubov Dmytro , Vasyliev Roman
Published: April 2020

Development of new effective treatments for glaucomatous optic neuropathy is one of the most acute aspects of modern ophthalmology.

The aim of the work is to investigate the effectiveness of cell therapy with postnatal multipotent neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) using different cell delivery methods in a model of adrenaline-induced glaucoma.

Materials and methods. Glaucoma was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injections of 10 μg to 15 μg/100 g body weight of 0.18 % adrenaline hydrotartrate. NCSCs were delivered intravenously (5 million cells), retrobulbarly (0.5 million cells) or parabulbarly (0.5 million cells). Histomorphometric analysis of the retina was performed on stained haematoxylin-eosin sections with a thickness of 5 μm one month after the delivery of NCSCs.

Results. NCSCs transplantation by all modes of delivery caused positive morphological changes to varying degrees. Intravenous administration induced a decrease in edema in all retinal layers and a slight restoration of the cytoarchitectonics of the retinal layers. The parabulbar administration of NCSCs led to a decrease in edema and the restoration of the cytoarchitectonics of the layers, most pronouncedly the ganglion cell layer and the inner retinal layer. After the retrobulbar administration of NCSCs, the reduction in edema and restoration of the cytoarchitectonics of the layers were the most pronounced.

Conclusions. According to the results of the study, the positive effect of NCSCs transplantation in an experimental model of glaucoma was the most pronounced following the retrobulbar injection of cells. Further investigations of the mechanisms of the effect of transplanted NCSCs on retinal structure restoration are needed.
UTERINE FIBROIDS IMPACT ON FERTILITY AND PREGNANCY OUTCOME
Authors: Doroha Olena , Iarotskyi Mykola , Iarotska Iryna , Semeniuk Liudmyla , Nikitina Olga
Published: April 2020

The clinical confirmation of the relationship between uterine leiomyoma and female infertility is of interest to scholars.

The aim of our research was to study obstetric history and the level of sex hormones in women of reproductive age with leiomyoma.

Materials and methods. The main group consisted of 90 women of reproductive age with uterine leiomyoma, the control group - 45 healthy women. Gynaecological and obstetric history, hormone content in peripheral blood and pelvic vessels (estradiol, progesterone) were analysed. Statistical processing of clinical material was performed using Microsoft Excel, Statistica 7.0, and Statistica 8.0 for Windows.

Results. The frequency of infertility in the surveyed women with LM was 18.9 %. One in three patients in the main group (33.3 %) did not give birth, which was statistically different from the healthy women group. In this case, 25.6 % of women in the main group did not use any methods of contraception. It was found that 51.11 % of patients with LM had threatened miscarriage in their history, 37.5 % – complicated delivery. Pathological changes in the concentrations of estradiol and progesterone in the preferential blood and blood vessels of women with fibroids have been identified. We have found that the content of sex hormones in the local bloodstream has a reliable relationship with the location of the myomatous node.

Conclusion. The obtained results may indicate that leiomyoma contributes to the reduction of fertility. This is evidenced by the fact that women with LM are more likely to have the risk of miscarriage, complicated delivery and delivery by caesarean section, including complicated one. The findings have made a significant contribution to the further development of effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of infertility in women with fibrotic uterine lesions.
Research on Real-Name Routing and Trusted Connection Based on IPV9 and CPK-card
Authors: Xie Jianping , Nan Xianghao , AliAb Zoraghchin
Published: April 2020

Router is the basic component of the Internet. In this scheme, identification technology is used for the first time in router design to provide address authenticity proof to prevent illegal access. Provide proof of connection freshness to prevent reissue attacks; the first use of software identification technology, to provide the credibility of the router operating environment, to prevent Trojan and other malicious software intrusion. The design also provides densification function to ensure privacy. This is a key security requirement for the next generation of Internet protocols. This design method will be combined with the new addressing technology of geographical location addressing to construct the next generation of Internet routers. The technology is also used in the design of new switches in telecommunications networks.
Research on Enterprise Application Integration Platform Based on SOA Architecture
Authors: Liu Pingping , Lu Jiaxing
Published: April 2020

Tobacco industry is a relatively early industry in China' information industry, so there are many problems, such as the lack of overall planning, the wide application system, but the low degree of integration of information resources, and the serious problem of “information island”. In order to solve how to establish an efficient and flexible way of information interaction within the enterprise, an enterprise application integration platform based on SOA architecture is proposed. The platform takes ESB as the core, transforms enterprise information integration into a new way conforming to SOA architecture, and establishes the idea of basic data management, so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing the overall information resources of the enterprise
Comparison Research on Future Network Between IPv4, IPv6 and IPV9
Authors: Yury Halavachou , Xu Fei
Published: April 2020

IPv4 is the most widely used protocol on the Internet, and its address space is 232. In the early stage of the Internet, due to the underestimation of the development of Internet, IP resources were very limited. By 2010, there was no address that could be allocated. In order to solve the problem of insufficient addresses, the IETF designed the next generation IPv6 protocol to replace IPv4, IPv6 has 2128 addresses in theory, and however, only one-eighth of the addresses can actually be allocated to end users. At present, 128 barcodes are already having 128 bits, and it cannot be covered, so IPv6 have some considerable limitations. In 1998, Chinese researcher proposed IPV9. In order to distinguish from IPv4 and IPv6, the V in IPV9 is uppercase, not lowercase. The IPV9 includes three technologies: a new address coding design, a new addressing mechanism and a new address architecture design. These technologies constitute the core technology system at the bottom of the new generation IP network. The new network framework designed on this basis can form a network system that is connected and compatible with existing networks. IPV9 is not a simple upgrade of IPv4 or IPv6 and its address space is 10256 by default. The massive address can meet the needs of human activities about 750 years, this paper will introduce the characteristics of the future network, and comparison the system between the IPv4, IPv6 and IPV9, and lay a solid foundation for the subsequent development.
Research on the Tunnel Geological Radar Image Flaw Detection Based on CNN
Authors: Li He , Wang Yubian
Published: April 2020

Tunnel geological radar image has been widely used in tunnel engineering quality detection for its advantages of fast, nondestructive, continuous detection, real-time imaging, intuitive data processing and high detection accuracy. However, the traditional defect detection method, which is judged by surveyors visually, consumes energy. In order to detect the quality of tunnel engineering accurately and quickly, an improved method of void defect detection based on Faster RCNN (Regional Convolutional Neural Network) is proposed in depth learning. The image data of the tunnel geological radar is collected for annotation, which fills the blank of the defect data set in the tunnel engineering. Through the method of this paper proposed, the feature extraction is optimized to improve the performance of the detection model, and the detection accuracy of the model is verified by expert knowledge.
Research on Control Strategy of Matrix Converter Motor System
Authors: Xu Shuping , Chang Yichen , Su Xiaohui , Guo Yu
Published: April 2020

In order to solve the problem of the industrial application of Matrix Converter (MC), the Matrix Converter Motor System (MCMS) is proposed. The control strategies of MCMS are studied based on the control of MC and the motor. The effects of voltage vector and direct torque control are analyzed. The simulation result show the disadvantages of usual means can be conquered by new means and it can obtain more high accuracy and robustness. The dynamic and static performances of direct torque control based on it are better than that of conventional direct toque control. The new ameliorated control strategy is proposed.
Phase transformation of hydrous ringwoodite to the lower-mantle phases and the formation of dense hydrous silica
Authors: Chen Huawei , Leinenweber Kurt , Prakapenka Vitali , Kunz Martin , Bechtel Hans A. , Liu Zhenxian , Shim Sang-Heon
Published: April 2020

To understand the effects of H2O on the mineral phases forming under the pressure-temperature conditions of the lower mantle, we have conducted laser-heated diamond-anvil cell experiments on hydrous ringwoodite (Mg2SiO4 with 1.1 wt% H2O) at pressures between 29 and 59 GPa and temperatures between 1200 and 2400 K. Our results show that hydrous ringwoodite (hRw) converts to crystalline dense hydrous silica, stishovite (Stv) or CaCl2-type SiO2 (mStv), containing 1 wt% H2O together with Brd and MgO at the pressure-temperature conditions expected for shallow lower-mantle depths between approximately 660 to 1600 km. Considering the lack of sign for melting in our experiments, our preferred interpretation of the observation is that Brd partially breaks down to dense hydrous silica and periclase (Pc), forming the phase assembly Brd + Pc + Stv. The results may provide an explanation for the enigmatic coexistence of Stv and Fp inclusions in lower-mantle diamonds.