bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of a TAKE 10! Classroom-Based Physical Activity Intervention on Third- to Fifth-Grade Children’s On-task Behavior
Authors: Goh Tan Leng , Hannon James , Webster Collin , Podlog Leslie , Newton Maria
Published: January 2016

Background:

Prolonged sitting at desks during the school day without a break may result in off-task behavior in students. This study was designed to examine the effects of a classroom physical activity intervention, using TAKE 10!, on elementary school students’ on-task behavior. Nine classes (3rd to 5th grades) from 1 elementary school participated in the program (4-week baseline and 8-week intervention).

Methods:

The students’ on-task behavior was measured using systematic direct observation. Observations occurred once a week during weeks 1 to 4 (baseline) and weeks 8 to 12 (intervention). A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare on-task behavior between observation periods.

Results:

There was a significant decrease (P = .001) in mean percentage on-task behavior from preno TAKE 10! (91.2 ± 3.4) to postno TAKE 10! (83.5 ± 4.0) during the baseline period, whereas there was a significant increase (P = .001) in mean percentage on-task behavior from pre-TAKE 10! (82.3 ± 4.5) to post-TAKE 10! (89.5 ± 2.7) during the intervention period.

Conclusions:

Furthermore, students who received more daily TAKE 10! were found to be more on-task than students who received less TAKE 10!. The TAKE 10! program is effective in improving students’ on-task behavior in the classroom.
Standardized Escherichia coli O157:H7 Exposure Studies in Cattle Provide Evidence that Bovine Factors Do Not Drive Increased Summertime Colonization
Authors: Sheng Haiqing , Shringi Smriti , Baker Katherine N. K. , Minnich Scott A. , Hovde Carolyn J. , Besser Thomas E.
Published: January 2016

The increased summertime prevalence of cattle carriage of enterohemorrhagic Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli
O157:H7 (STEC O157) is associated with the increased summertime incidence of human infection. The mechanism driving the seasonality of STEC O157 carriage among cattle is unknown. We conducted experimental challenge trials to distinguish whether factors extrinsic or intrinsic to cattle underlie the seasonality of STEC O157 colonization. Holstein steers (
n
= 20) exposed to ambient environmental conditions were challenged with a standardized pool of STEC O157 strains four times at 6-month intervals. The densities and durations of rectoanal junction mucosa (RAJ) colonization with STEC O157 were compared by season (winter versus summer), dose (10
9
CFU versus 10
7
CFU), and route of challenge (oral versus rectal). Following summer challenges, the RAJ STEC O157 colonization density was significantly lower (
P
= 0.016) and the duration was shorter (
P
= 0.052) than for winter challenges, a seasonal pattern opposite to that observed naturally. Colonization was unaffected by the challenge route, indicating that passage through the gastrointestinal microbiome did not significantly affect the infectious dose to the RAJ. A 2-log reduction of the challenge doses in the second-year trials was accompanied by similarly reduced RAJ colonization in both seasons (
P
< 0.001). These results refute the hypothesis that cattle are predisposed to STEC O157 colonization during the summer months, either due to intrinsic factors or indirectly due to gastrointestinal tract microbiome effects. Instead, the data support the hypothesis that the increased summertime STEC O157 colonization results from increased seasonal oral exposure to this pathogen.
Complete Genome Sequence of Seneca Valley Virus CH-01-2015 Identified in China
Authors: Wu Qiwen , Zhao Xiaoya , Chen Yanshan , He Xiaoming , Zhang Guanqun , Ma Jingyun
Published: January 2016

The complete genome sequence of Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a single-stranded RNA virus that causes porcine vesicular disease in China, has been sequenced and analyzed. This Chinese isolate shares 94.4 to 97.1% sequence identity to another 8 strains from Canada, Brazil, and the United States. This is the first report of SVV infecting swine in China.
Whole-Genome Sequences of Four Strains Closely Related to Members of the Mycobacterium chelonae Group, Isolated from Biofilms in a Drinking Water Distribution System Simulator
Authors: Gomez-Alvarez Vicente , Revetta Randy P.
Published: January 2016

We report here the draft genome sequences of four
Mycobacterium chelonae
strains from biofilms subjected to a “chlorine burn” in a chloraminated drinking water distribution system simulator. These opportunistic pathogens have been detected in hospital and municipal water distribution systems, in which biofilms have been recognized as an important factor for their persistence.
Genome Sequence of Bacillus glycinifermentans TH008, Isolated from Ohio Soil
Authors: Zeigler Daniel R.
Published: January 2016

The genome sequence of an Ohio soil isolate, TH008, was determined. The sequence reveals a close relationship between TH008 and domesticated
Bacillus glycinifermentans
strains found in a traditional Korean fermented soybean food.
Randomised Controlled Trial of Contralateral Manual Acupuncture for the Relief of Chronic Shoulder Pain
Authors: Zhang Haolin , Sun Jungang , Wang Chao , Yu Congcong , Wang Weiwei , Zhang Meng , Lao Lixing , Yi Ming , Wan You
Published: January 2016

Objective

To explore the effects of contralateral manual acupuncture (MA) on patients with chronic shoulder pain.

Methods

Eighty patients with chronic shoulder pain were randomly allocated to receive contralateral MA (n=38) for 4 weeks or to remain on a waiting list while receiving conventional orthopaedic therapy (n=42). Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were taken as the primary outcome measure and used for a priori power calculation. Secondary outcome measures for the assessment of shoulder mobility and quality of life included the Jobe test, the Constant-Murley (CM) score, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, and the 36 item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).

Results

Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis demonstrated significant pain relief with contralateral acupuncture, with mean differences in VAS scores compared to the waiting list group of −19.4 (−28.0 to −10.8) at 2 weeks, −40.4 (−49.0 to −31.8) at 4 weeks, −41.1 (−49.7 to −32.5) at 8 weeks, and −40.9 (−49.5 to −32.3) at 16 weeks. CM and DASH scores were also improved at all time points (p<0.01). Shoulder mobility, physical functioning, social functioning and mental health components of the SF-36 were also improved by contralateral acupuncture at 8 weeks. No significant adverse effects were observed.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate beneficial effects of contralateral acupuncture in the treatment of chronic shoulder pain, both in terms of pain and function. Future research is required to compare directly the effects of local and contralateral acupuncture and to quantify the specific and non-specific effects.

Trial Registration Number

NCT01733914.
Lipid-lowering treatment patterns among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with high cardiovascular disease risk
Authors: Quek Ruben G W , Fox Kathleen M , Wang Li , Li Lu , Gandra Shravanthi R , Wong Nathan D
Published: January 2016

Objective

To examine real-world treatment patterns of lipid-lowering treatment and their possible associated intolerance and/or ineffectiveness among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating statins and/or ezetimibe.

Research design and methods

Adult (aged ≥18 years) patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who initiated statins and/or ezetimibe from January 1, 2007 to June 30, 2011 were retrospectively identified from the IMS LifeLink Pharmetrics Plus commercial claims database. Patients were further classified into 3 high-risk cohorts: (1) history of cardiovascular event (CVE); (2) two risk factors (age and hypertension); (3) aged ≥40 years. Patients had continuous health plan enrolment ≥1 year preindex and postindex date (statin and/or ezetimibe initiation date). Primary outcomes were index statin intensity, treatment modification(s), possible associated statin/non-statin intolerance and/or ineffectiveness issues (based on treatment modification type), and time-to-treatment modification(s). Analyses for each cohort were stratified by age groups (<65 and ≥65 years).

Results

A total of 9823 (history of CVE), 62 049 (2 risk factors), and 128 691 (aged ≥40 years) patients were included. Among patients aged <65 years, 81.4% and 51.8% of those with history of CVE, 75.6% and 44.4% of those with 2 risk factors, and 77.9% and 47.1% of those aged ≥40 years had ≥1 and 2 treatment modification(s), respectively. Among all patients, 23.2–28.4% had possible statin intolerance and/or ineffectiveness issues after accounting for second treatment modification (if any).

Conclusions

Among patients with type 2 diabetes with high cardiovascular disease risk, index statin treatment modifications that potentially imply possible statin intolerance and/or ineffectiveness were frequent.
Development of key performance indicators for prehospital emergency care
Authors: Murphy Adrian , Wakai Abel , Walsh Cathal , Cummins Fergal , O'Sullivan Ronan
Published: January 2016

Introduction

Key performance indicators (KPIs) are used to monitor and evaluate critical areas of clinical and support functions that influence patient outcome. Traditional prehospital emergency care performance monitoring has focused solely on response time metrics. The landscape of emergency care delivery in Ireland is in the process of significant national reconfiguration. The development of KPIs is therefore considered one of the key priorities in prehospital research.

Aims

The aim of this study was to develop a suite of KPIs for prehospital emergency care in Ireland.

Methods

A systematic literature review of prehospital care performance measurement was undertaken followed by a three-round Delphi consensus process facilitated by a broad-based multidisciplinary group of panellists. The consensus process was conducted between June 2012 and October 2013. Each candidate indicator on the Delphi survey questionnaire was rated using a 5-point Likert-type rating scale. Agreement was defined as at least 70% of responders rating an indicator as ‘agree’ or ‘strongly agree’ on the rating scale. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Sensitivity of the ratings was examined for robustness by bootstrapping the original sample.

Results

Of the 78 citations identified by the systematic review, 5 relevant publications were used to select candidate indicators for the Delphi round 1 questionnaire. Response rates in Delphi rounds 1 and 2 were 89% and 83%, respectively. Following the consensus development conference, 101 KPIs reached consensus. Based on the Donabedian framework for quality-of-care indicators, 7 of the KPIs which reached agreement were structure KPIs, 74 were process KPIs and 20 were outcome KPIs. The highest ranked indicator was a process KPI (‘Direct transport of ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients to a primary percutaneous intervention (PCI)-capable facility for ECG to PCI time <90 min’).

Conclusion

Improving the quality of prehospital care requires the development and implementation of performance measurement using scientifically valid and reliable KPIs. Employing a Delphi panel of key multidisciplinary Emergency Medical Service stakeholders, it was feasible to develop a suite of 101 KPIs for performance monitoring of prehospital emergency care in Ireland. This suite of KPIs may contribute to a framework for achieving safer, better care in the prehospital environment.
Aprepitant for postoperative nausea and vomiting: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Singh Preet Mohinder , Borle Anuradha , Rewari Vimi , Makkar Jeetinder Kaur , Trikha Anjan , Sinha Ashish C , Goudra Basavana
Published: January 2016

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is an important clinical problem. Aprepitant is a relatively new agent for this condition which may be superior to other treatment. A systematic review was performed after searching a number of medical databases for controlled trials comparing aprepitant with conventional antiemetics published up to 25 April 2015 using the following keywords: ‘Aprepitant for PONV’, ‘Aprepitant versus 5-HT3 antagonists’ and ‘NK-1 versus 5-HT3 for PONV’. The primary outcome for the pooled analysis was efficacy of aprepitant in preventing vomiting on postoperative day (POD) 1 and 2. 172 potentially relevant papers were identified of which 23 had suitable data. For the primary outcome, 14 papers had relevant data. On POD1, 227/2341 patients (9.7%) patients randomised to aprepitant had a vomiting episode compared with 496/2267 (21.9%) controls. On POD2, the rate of vomiting among patients receiving aprepitant was 6.8% compared with 12.8% for controls. The OR for vomiting compared with controls was 0.48 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.67) on POD1 and 0.54 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.72) on POD2. Aprepitant also demonstrated a better profile with a lower need for rescue antiemetic and a higher complete response. Efficacy for vomiting prevention was demonstrated for 40 mg, 80 mg and 125 mg without major adverse effects. For vomiting comparison there was significant unexplainable heterogeneity (67.9% and 71.5% for POD1 and POD2, respectively). We conclude that (1) aprepitant reduces the incidence of vomiting on both POD1 and POD2, but there is an unexplained heterogeneity which lowers the strength of the evidence; (2) complete freedom from PONV on POD1 is highest for aprepitant with minimum need for rescue; and (3) oral aprepitant (80 mg) provides an effective and safe sustained antivomiting effect.
Psychometric properties of three single-item pain scales in patients with rheumatoid arthritis seen during routine clinical care: a comparative perspective on construct validity, reproducibility and internal responsiveness
Authors: Sendlbeck Melanie , Araujo Elizabeth G , Schett Georg , Englbrecht Matthias
Published: January 2016

Objective

To investigate the construct validity, reproducibility (ie, retest reliability) and internal responsiveness to treatment change of common single-item scales measuring overall pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to investigate the corresponding effect of common pain-related comorbidities and medical consultation on these outcomes.

Methods

236 patients with RA completed a set of questionnaires including a visual analogue scale (VAS), a numerical rating scale (NRS) and a verbal rating scale (VRS) measuring overall pain before and immediately after routine medical consultation as well as 1 week after the patient's visit. Construct validity and retest reliability were evaluated using the Bravais-Pearson correlation while standardised response means (SRM) were calculated for evaluating internal responsiveness. Differences in the perception of pain were calculated using dependent samples t-tests.

Results

In the total sample, construct validity was good across all three time points (convergent validity of pain scales: rT1–T3=0.82–0.92, p<0.001; discriminant validity as correlation of pain scales with age: rage=0.01–0.16, p>0.05). In patients maintaining antirheumatic treatment, retest reliability of pain scales was confirmed for all scales and across time points (rVAS=0.82–0.95, rNRS=0.89–0.98, rVRS=0.80–0.90, p<0.001), while the internal responsiveness of scales to a change in treatment was low across all scales (SRM=0.08–0.21). The VAS especially suggested a change in pain perception after medical consultation in patients maintaining therapy.

Conclusions

The VAS, NRS and VRS are valid and retest reliable in an outpatient clinical practice setting. The low pain scales’ internal responsiveness to treatment change is likely to be due to the short follow-up period. Patients with RA maintaining antirheumatic therapy seem to experience less pain after medical consultation.
Anomalous dispersion via coherent field in an InGaN/GaN quantum dot nanostructure
Authors: Solookinejad Ghahraman , Panahi Mohsen , Sangachin Elnaz Ahmadi , Asadpour Seyyed Hossein
Published: January 2016

The dispersion behaviors of weak probe light in an InGaN/GaN quantum dot (QD) nanostructure driven by a coherent coupling field is investigated. InGaN/GaN QD nanostructure is designed numerically by solving the Schrödinger–Poisson coupled equations. By specific values of QD radius, an appropriate four-level QD nanostructure which is suitable for interaction by a weak probe light and a coherent coupling field is designed. It is shown that switching from normal to anomalous dispersion can be achieved by the intensity of coupling field. Therefore, fast light propagation in this model can be obtained by reduced absorption.
A Monte Carlo simulation of steady state of 2D Ising model in temperature field
Authors: Chen Zeshun , Xiao Changming , Yao Zhen
Published: January 2016

Supposing the Ising model system is placed in a temperature field with constant high and low temperatures on both sides, then the system will shift to a non-equilibrium steady state with a certain temperature gradient. With the assistance of local temperature, the steady state of two-dimensional Ising model is studied via the avenue of Monte Carlo simulations in this paper. It is found that the local energy and magnetization are continuous, but there is a sharp decline in the magnetization strength when the temperature falls into the range of 2.2–2.4. The local magnetization [Formula: see text], when the temperature [Formula: see text]. It is the indication that the system is in the ferromagnetic state. However, when [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and then the ferromagnetic state turns into the paramagnetic state. Furthermore, a completely new and special state of Ising model system and the corresponding material is possible if the high and low temperatures of the temperature field are larger and smaller than the critical value of the system, respectively. According to this material, the magnetic driving machine, from which a new energy source can be obtained, is qualitatively discussed at the end of this paper.
A Ku-Band Low-Phase-Noise Cross-Coupled VCO in GaAs HBT Technology
Authors: Zhang Jincan , Zhang Yuming , Lu Hongliang , Zhang Yimen , Liu Bo , Zhang Leiming , Wang Jinchan , Zhang Liwen
Published: January 2016

In this paper, a fully integrated Ku-band voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) with low phase noise is presented in a GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) technology. A cross-coupled configuration is employed to achieve low phase noise, and to achieve high output power, the largest HBT and higher bias current are adopted. The implemented VCO demonstrates that the oscillation frequency is from 13.77[Formula: see text]GHz to 14.8[Formula: see text]GHz, with a maximum 4.83[Formula: see text]dBm output power at 13.77[Formula: see text]GHz. The phase noise of the VCO is [Formula: see text]100.2[Formula: see text]dBc/Hz at 1[Formula: see text]MHz offset from 14.36[Formula: see text]GHz oscillation frequency. The VCO consumes 61.2[Formula: see text]mW from 6[Formula: see text]V supply and occupies an area of 0.51[Formula: see text]mm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm. Finally, the figure-of-merits (FOMs) for VCOs are discussed.
Character varieties of (−2,2m + 1,2n)-pretzel links and twisted Whitehead links
Authors: Tran Anh T.
Published: January 2016

We consider some families of links which include [Formula: see text]-pretzel links and twisted Whitehead links. We calculate the [Formula: see text]-character varieties of these families, and determine the number of irreducible components of these character varieties.
Proliferating conduction by isomerism
Authors: Kaur Rupan Preet , Sawhney Ravinder Singh , Engles Derick
Published: January 2016

The electrical conduction of isomers of anthracene molecule attached between two semi-infinite gold electrodes was simulated using extended Huckel theory (EHT)-based on semi-empirical model in this research work. The electron transport parameters were examined in two epochs by buffering anthracene and its isomer phenanthrene alternatively between gold electrodes using sulphur as an alligator clip, under variegated bias voltages. Differential NDR effect was observed in both the cases but phenanthrene exhibited more linear I–V curve than its counterpart, anthracene. The simulated results discovered phenanthrene as a better candidate than anthracene towards contributing to electrical conduction in molecular junctions. Phenanthrene reported maximum conductance of 0.74G0 whereas anthracene exhibited 0.03[Formula: see text]G0 at 0.8[Formula: see text]V.
Growing Power, Security Paradox, and China’s Security Strategy
Authors: Wang Weiguang
Published: January 2016

China’s rapid rise has characterized the decades since the end of the Cold War. China’s growing comprehensive power has obviously given it more leverage and resources to pursue its goals and national interests. However, more power does not naturally translate into more security. To a great extent, China is facing a paradox between its security governance and increasingly broadened and complicated security agenda. Against this background, there are some changes in China’s security governance approach which are seen by some observers as China’s attempt to seek global hegemony and expansion. The author argues in this article that China’s security practice still remarkably maintains its continuity and stability with Chinese characteristics and is mainly driven by the needs of its own development rather than an ambition for global hegemony.
Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Female Urethra: Four Case Presentations of a Clinical and Pathological Entity Requiring Radical Surgery
Authors: Liedberg Fredrik , Gudjonsson Sigurdur , Håkansson Ulf , Johansson Martin E.
Published: January 2016

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the female urethra is a rare tumour of unknown origin. Here, we report 4 patients with such malignancy and argue for proper identification of the disease entity and radical surgery based on the available literature.
СУЧАСНІ УЯВЛЕННЯ ПРО МАТЕРИНСЬКО-ПЛОДОВУ ВАРІЦЕЛА-ЗОСТЕР ВІРУСНУ ІНФЕКЦІЮ
Authors: Mateyko H. B. , Antoniuk L. V. , Ihnatovska S. P.
Published: January 2016

Висвітлені сучасні уявлення про варіцела-зостер вірусну інфекцію як материнсько-плодову на основі аналізу даних літератури та представленого клінічного випадку. Встановлено ймовірний зв’язок захворювання дитини, інфікованої внутрішньоутробно, на тлі захворювання вітряною віспою в матері у третьому триместрі вагітності.

Ключові слова: варіцела-зостер вірусна інфекція, вагітність, плід, новонароджені.
ІХ З’ЇЗД ІНФЕКЦІОНІСТІВ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Kopcha V. S.
Published: January 2016

7-9 жовтня 2015 р. у cанаторії “Медобори”, що поблизу Тернополя зібралось 265 науковців і практикуючих лікарів, переважно інфекціоністів, з усіх областей України на свій черговий, ІХ, з’їзд. Тема цьогорічного форуму: «Інфекційні хвороби: поступи і проблеми в діагностиці, терапії та профілактиці» вибрана неспроста – необхідно було всебічно і ретельно проаналізувати здобутки за час від минулого з’їзду, а головне, намітити шляхи суттєвого покращання надання медичної допомоги інфекційним хворим в умовах реформування медичної галузі, наблизитися до стандартів боротьби з інфекційними недугами в Євросоюзі і США. 
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ДЛЯ ПІДГОТОВКИ ФАХІВЦІВ ТА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ НАДАННЯ ПЕРВИННОЇ МЕДИКО-САНІТАРНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ СІЛЬСЬКОМУ НАСЕЛЕННЮ
Authors: СЕЛЬСЬКИЙ П.Р.
Published: January 2016

Мета: з’ясувати ефективність використання інформаційних технологій для підготовки фахівців та надання медичної допомоги на прикладі навчально-практичних центрів первинної медико-санітарної допомоги.

Матеріали і методи. Під час виконання роботи застосовувались методи теорії інформаційних систем та інформаційного моделювання, соціологічний та статистичний методи. З метою дослідження ефективності інформатизації закладу охорони здоров’я проведено аналіз амбулаторного прийому 2486 сільських мешканців.

Результати. Використання інформаційних та телемедичних технологій на первинному рівні дозволило покращити доступність та якість медичної допомоги, підвищити ефективність підготовки фахівців для майбутньої роботи у сільських амбулаторіях.

Висновки. Застосування інформаційних технологій та створення навчально-практичних центрів сприятиме покращенню лікувально-профілактичної роботи у сільських населених пунктах. 

КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА: інформаційні технології, первинна медико-санітарна допомога, сільські заклади охорони здоров’я.
Прогнозування розвитку та оптимізація профілактики бронхіальної астми у дітей із сезонною алергією
Authors: Novikevych S. Z.
Published: January 2016

Резюме . У статті представлені результати дослідження особливостей перебігу сезонної алергії у 108 дітей.
Сформовано дві групи пацієнтів. Основну групу склали 48 дітей, у яких сезонна алергія проявлялася поєднанням
сезонного ринокон’юнктивіту або риніту та бронхіальної астми, а в групу порівняння увійшли 60 дітей, у яких
сезонна алергія проявлялася сезонним алергічним ринокон’юнктивітом і/або сезонним алергічним ринітом.
Встановлені особливості клінічного перебігу сезонної алергії в групах порівняння і виділені фактори, пов’язані
з формуванням астми у дітей з сезонним алергічним ринокон’юнктивітом або сезонним алергічним ринітом.
Визначення найвагоміших факторів, пов’язаних з прогресуванням сезонної алергії, дозволило запропонувати
шляхи оптимізації профілактики розвитку бронхіальної астми у таких дітей.
Ключові слова : діти, сезонна алергія, астма, профілактика.
Інтенсивність процесів ліпідної пероксидації у кролів з хімічним опіком рогівки на тлі мерказоліл-індукованого гіпотиреозу
Authors: Savchuk Z. L.
Published: January 2016

Резюме . У статті проаналізовано результати дослідження інтенсивності процесів ліпідної пероксидації у
крові і внутрішньоочній рідині передньої камери ока кролів з хімічним опіком рогівки, викликаним накладанням
фільтрувального паперу, змоченого 1 N NaOH на тлі попередньо змодельованого мерказоліл-індукованого
гіпотиреозу. Встановлено, що у тварин з хімічним опіком рогівки на тлі гіпотиреозу, порівняно з евтироїдними
тваринами, виявляється суттєве зниження продукування активних форм кисню мононуклеарними лейкоцитами
крові, пригнічення інтенсивності ліпідної пероксидації, що виражається у зменшенні концентрації гідропероксидів
ліпідів, ТБК-реагуючих продуктів та основ Шиффа у крові і внутрішньоочній рідині передньої камери ока. Зроблено
висновок, що за умов супутнього дефіциту гормонів щитоподібної залози має місце пригнічення активності
вільнорадикальних процесів як у місці ураження, так і в організмі в цілому.
Ключові слова : опік рогівки, гіпотиреоз, ліпідна пероксидація.
НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТТЬ СТУДЕНТІВ В СИСТЕМІ МЕДСЕСТРИНСЬКОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Ryzhkovskyi V. O. , Ryzhkovskyi A. V.
Published: January 2016

Інтеграція української вищої медичної школи в єдиний європейський простір вимагає удосконалення концепції підготовки медичної сестри, вітчизняних навчальних програм, підходів, форм і методів навчання. Одним із вагомих методів підготовки медичної сестри на шляху реформування є залучення студентів до науково-дослідної роботи. Творчо-пошукова робота студентів є невід’ємною складовою навчання і здійснюється з метою інтеграції навчальної, наукової та виробничої діяльності в системі вищої медсестринської освіти. 
ПРОБЛЕМИ ЗДОРОВ’Я СТУДЕНТСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ
Authors: Trotsiuk N. V.
Published: January 2016

У статті міститься теоретичний аналіз понять «здоров’я», «здоровий спосіб життя», проаналізовано показники здоров’я студентської молоді.
Порівняльна характеристика перебігу гострих та хронічних ран у хворих на синдром діабетичної стопи на тлі вакуум-терапії
Authors: HERASYMCHUK P. О. , VLASENKO V. H. , PAVLYSHYN A. V.
Published: January 2016

У 45 хворих на синдром діабетичної стопи було проведено порівняльну характеристику перебігу гострих та хронічних
ранових процесів на тлі місцевого застосування вакуумної терапії. На основі клінічних, мікробіологічних, цитологічних,
планіметричних досліджень та вивчення рівня ендогенної інтоксикації доведено ефективність вакуум-терапії ранових
дефектів. Використання даного методу місцевого лікування ран у хворих на синдром діабетичної стопи дозволяє значно
покращити результати та скоротити терміни стаціонарного лікування на (6,2±1,4) дня.
Canto e palavra emanando de Igitur
Authors: Mehoudar Rosie
Published: January 2016

Percebe-se a fonte do canto nas transformações pelas quais passa o personagem Igitur, mesmo se “canto” não é uma palavra do conto Igitur ou la Folie d’Elbehnon1, mas chave em textos posteriores. Igitur integraria a gênese da noção mallarmeana de canto. Na parte “Le coup de dés”2 do conto, uma pre-dicção (predição em francês é “prédiction”) é pro-ferida (Oc1, p. 841): um antes da voz é ligado à voz… Etimologicamente pro-ferir quer dizer “levar para diante”. A pedra-consciência surgida na parte anterior (“Il quitte la chambre” 3) do conto é propagada pela palavra que convoca o Outro – ali, porém, já implicada. O tema principal será então a palavra, tácita ou proferida4, no conto Igitur. Um caminho entre “uma antiga palavra” e o canto será proposto. À palavra, constituinte do sujeito, se articulam, em diferentes níveis, imagem corpórea e morte da imagem. Por meio da análise dos principais lances temáticos de “Il quitte la chambre” e de outras partes do conto, vislumbra-se a constituição do sujeito afim à propagação infinita da linguagem. Uma hipótese de interpretação da palavra enigmática “Elbehnon” é proposta: suas
sílabas, em hebraico, remeteriam a funções chave do processo de criação.
La nueva poesía brasileña y la realidad social
Authors: Mata Rodolfo
Published: January 2016

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Beckett em sua época / Beckett em nossa época
Authors: Gontarski S. E.
Published: January 2016

Tradução: Cláudia Soares Cruz
What´s in a Voice?
Authors: Dolar Mladen
Published: January 2016

 

 
A voz e o silêncio em Paulo Henriques Britto e Haroldo de Campos tradutores
Authors: Faleiros Álvaro
Published: January 2016

O intuito deste artigo é pensar modos como Paulo Henriques Britto e Haroldo de Campos lidam com suas próprias vozes e a voz do outro em
suas traduções.
Música e voz para além do som
Authors: Malufe Annita Costa , Ferraz Silvio
Published: January 2016

O presente artigo busca, a partir daquilo que o compositor Luciano Berio chamou de "musicalidade presente nas livres partículas" e do estudo da trajetória do conceito de escuta, e consequentemente de música, ao longo do século XX, evidenciar um tipo de musicalidade que estaria presente em certos modos de manifestação da literatura. Para tanto, toma por ponto de partida as propostas da música concreta e do serialismo integral, experiências radicais da música no séc. XX, como base para a leitura das poéticas de Samuel Beckett, Christophe Tarkos e Georges Aperghis. Os três autores são tomados aqui como momentos distintos, que perfazem as décadas de 1970, 80 e 90, da produção poética em sua relação direta com a arte da performance. Em cada um desses casos, tem-se diferentes modulações do trabalho com a voz, ainda que em todos possamos arriscar a presença de um traço comum: a leitura do texto que se abre à sua materialidade acústica e temporal. Tal aspecto é evidenciado pela ciclicidade com que suas escritas se valem, realçando a ideia de uma musicalidade que não se reduz à sonoridade ou ao ritmo das palavras, mas à palavra em sua completude, inserida em um campo aberto de significados, sonoridades, métrica, imagens etc. Propomos assim observar a potência vocal que atravessa a poesia, imaginando um movimento de mão dupla, de mútua interferência entre as invenções da música e da poesia no séc. XX, aquela capacidade de dizer algo - seja com palavras ou outros sons - não enunciável pelo discurso, mas pelo embate livre entre palavras, fonemas, frases.
A partilha da voz em Pascal Quignard
Authors: Galíndez Verónica
Published: January 2016

Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar e dar a ler o que Pascal Quignard propõe como música em Butes, por meio da retomada do texto publicado em 2008 e do conjunto de manuscritos publicados em Sur le désir de se jeter à l’eau, de 2011. Este caminho tem por ponto de partida a obra de Pascal Quignard, mas pretende realçar o ato político que ela implica, o político tomado aqui no sentido de uma partilha do sensível como pro-
posta por Jacques Rancière e que funda a política da literatura.
Torquato Neto: “Começa na lua cheia e termina antes do fim”
Authors: Bosi Viviana
Published: January 2016

Pretendemos examinar três momentos da obra poética de Torquato Neto a fim de refletir sobre as dramáticas mudanças de ordem estética, existencial e política, no Brasil, com as quais dialogou o artista. O primeiro, relacionado às letras de canção que compõe em meados da década de 1960, cujos traços principais aproximam o artista do veio “nacional-popular”. O segundo, do final dos anos 60, vinculado à Tropicália. Por fim, no começo da década de 1970, verificamos outra atitude na sua produção escrita e nas letras destinadas a canções, sintomáticas do processo de transformação histórica. Ao que se conclui, ele não conseguiu abandonar suas origens, retornando a elas de uma forma traumática.

 
Uma estranha descoberta: leitura do conto “A menor mulher do mundo”, de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Rosenbaum Yudith
Published: January 2016

O presente artigo pretende analisar o conto “A menor mulher do mundo”, de Clarice Lispector, à luz do ensaio “O estranho”, de Freud. A ideia é compreender as relações de dominação que se estabelecem entre um explorador francês e sua insólita descoberta na África Equatorial: uma pigmeia grávida. Partindo desse jogo de alteridades, que se estranham e se identificam, a análise buscará desvelar algumas camadas de sentido tendo como pano de fundo a dinâmica entre cultura e pulsão, recalque e desejo. A história dos processos coloniais brasileiros e a história da constituição do sujeito humano se entrecruzam nessa narrativa, que desloca for- mas habituais de posicionar o eu diante do outro. O efeito irônico do texto se dá ao inverter as expectativas nesse encontro entre a ordem selvagem e a ordem doméstica, descortinando nesta última reações perversas imprevistas.
Opressão, Opacidade e transparência: imagens do ar na poesia brasileira moderna e contemporânea
Authors: Bischof Betina
Published: January 2016

Este ensaio se volta ao estudo de um tema específico (ar, névoas, céu, lua), na poesia de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Chico Alvim, Rubens Rodrigues Torres Filho e Claudia Roquette-Pinto, buscando elucidar, em comparação com a estrutura por assim dizer enevoada da pintura de Guignard, o modo como a forma desses poemas e quadros incorpora aspectos da experiência social brasileira no século XX e XXI.
A verossimilhança da familiaridade do não familiar na ficção antiga e moderna
Authors: Hansen João Adolfo
Published: January 2016

O texto comenta os conceitos de não familiar ou estranho tratados por Freud em Das Unheimliche (1919), associando-os ao hábito e às rupturas do hábito para especificar a diferença da sua ocorrência na experiência individual, em que é significante de uma angústia, e na ficção, em que é figuração intencional. Distinguindo a figuração do não familiar na ficção antiga e na ficção moderna, propõe que na ficção antiga, como a de Luciano de Samósata, o não familiar é classificado platônica e aristotelicamente como fantástico, e na ficção moderna, como a de Beckett, como efeito da crítica e destruição dos regimes de verdade e verossimilhança que fundam a representação.
Cardiovascular Health in Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro Antonio Luiz P. , Duncan Bruce B. , Brant Luisa C. C. , Lotufo Paulo A. , Mill José Geraldo , Barreto Sandhi M.
Published: January 2016

Brazil is a large country, with an evolving economy, but marked social inequalities. The population is formed by an admixture of native Brazilians, Europeans, and Africans; is predominantly urban; and faces rapid aging. Time trends related to health behaviors show a substantial reduction in smoking rates, but a rising prevalence of overweight and obesity, unhealthy eating habits, and insufficient physical activity. The high prevalence of hypertension and the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus are also causes for concern. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of mortality since the 1960s and has accounted for a substantial percentage of all hospitalizations. In 2011, CVD was responsible for 31% of all deaths, with ischemic heart disease (31%) and cerebrovascular diseases (30%) being the leading CVD causes. Despite an increase in the overall number of CVD deaths, the age-adjusted mortality rates for CVD declined 24% between 2000 and 2011. Health care delivered by Brazil’s universal public health system, which focuses on primary prevention, has contributed to this achievement. However, the decline in age-adjusted mortality differs according to race, sex, and socioeconomic status with black individuals and lower-income populations sustaining the greatest impact of CVD, especially at younger ages. With one of the world’s largest public health systems in terms of population coverage, Brazil has the means to implement actions to confront the high burden of CVD, focusing on health promotion and comprehensive care. Insufficient funding, low education levels, and social inequalities remain as the main barriers to be overcome.
Self-Administered Computer Therapy for Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Varley Rosemary , Cowell Patricia E. , Dyson Lucy , Inglis Lesley , Roper Abigail , Whiteside Sandra P.
Published: January 2016

Background and Purpose—

There is currently little evidence on effective interventions for poststroke apraxia of speech. We report outcomes of a trial of self-administered computer therapy for apraxia of speech.

Methods—

Effects of speech intervention on naming and repetition of treated and untreated words were compared with those of a visuospatial sham program. The study used a parallel-group, 2-period, crossover design, with participants receiving 2 interventions. Fifty participants with chronic and stable apraxia of speech were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 order conditions: speech-first condition versus sham-first condition. Period 1 design was equivalent to a randomized controlled trial. We report results for this period and profile the effect of the period 2 crossover.

Results—

Period 1 results revealed significant improvement in naming and repetition only in the speech-first group. The sham-first group displayed improvement in speech production after speech intervention in period 2. Significant improvement of treated words was found in both naming and repetition, with little generalization to structurally similar and dissimilar untreated words. Speech gains were largely maintained after withdrawal of intervention. There was a significant relationship between treatment dose and response. However, average self-administered dose was modest for both groups. Future software design would benefit from incorporation of social and gaming components to boost motivation.

Conclusions—

Single-word production can be improved in chronic apraxia of speech with behavioral intervention. Self-administered computerized therapy is a promising method for delivering high-intensity speech/language rehabilitation.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1278-0601
. Unique identifier: ISRCTN88245643.
Description and molecular characterisation of two new species of Dorylaimidae (Dorylaimida: Nematoda) from Iran, with a compendium of all the nominal species of Dorylaimus Dujardin, 1845
Authors: Vinciguerra Maria Teresa , Eskandari Ali , Clausi Mirella , Asghari Ramezan , Rappazzo Giancarlo
Published: January 2016

Two new species of Dorylaimidae from Iran are described using morphology and molecular data.Dorylaimus eleganssp. n. is characterised by 4.41-5.92 mm body length, lip region truncate, distinct from adjoining body by a depression, cuticle with 50-55 longitudinal ridges, odontostyle 42-51 μm long, thicker than cuticle at its level, didelphic female reproductive apparatus, vulva a small sub-equatorial pore, a variable number of advulval papillae (0-6), both pre- and post-vulval, present in most specimens, female tail elongate, 5.6-7.6 anal body diam. long, with ventrally hooked terminus. Male with 26-30 ventromedian supplements arranged very close to each other, copulatory hump weakly developed, and a convex-conoid tail with blunt terminus.Prodorylaimus reyesisp. n. is characterised by 2.78-3.33 mm body length, lip region slightly angular and well set off from adjoining body by a depression, odontostyle 26-31 μm long, thicker than cuticle at its level, didelphic female reproductive apparatus, vulva longitudinal, a variable number of advulval papillae (0-3), both pre- and post-vulval, present in most specimens, tail in both sexes convex-conoid in its anterior part, then narrowing abruptly to a filiform hyaline appendix, longer in female (c′ = 11.7-15.5) than in male (c′ = 7-7.7), and 19-21 contiguous ventromedian supplements. A compendium of the main morphometric characters ofDorylaimusand a key to species are also provided.
The identity of Lotus antiochianus and taxonomic limits of Lotus and Hammatolobium (Leguminosae: Loteae)
Authors: Sokoloff Dmitry , Kramina Tatiana
Published: January 2016

The recently described species Lotus antiochianus İlçim & Behçet is a later synonym of Hammatolobium lotoides Fenzl (Leguminosae: Loteae). Three species-poor genera (Hammatolobium, Tripodion, Cytisopsis) are closely related to the species-rich genus Lotus. The possibility of adopting a wider generic concept in the tribe Loteae is discussed, and it is concluded that recognizing Hammatolobium, Tripodion and Cytisopsis as three individual genera is supported by comparative morphology. The orthography of the name Hammatolobium is discussed.
Two new species of the Didymopanax clade of Schefflera (Araliaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Fiaschi Pedro , PLUNKETT GREGORY M.
Published: January 2016

Two new species of the largely Brazilian Didymopanax clade of Schefflera (Araliaceae) are here described, illustrated, and compared to similar taxa. Both are from poorly sampled areas in the Brazilian Amazon Basin. Schefflera prancei is known only from the Serra do Divisor National Park, at the border between Brazil and Peru. It differs from the similar S. confusa by its leaflets with narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate blades, with an acuminate to cuspidate apex, and the light brown to grayish sericeous indument on the abaxial blade surface. The second new species, Schefflera pubicarpa, is found in central Amazonian forests, and differs from similar species of the clade by a combination of characters, including a large-tree habit, leaves with 8 to 10 leaflets, inflorescences with ascending secondary branches and lacking tertiary branches, flowers with trichomes along the styles, and pubescent fruits. While this species appears to have a restricted distribution in Brazil, a westward extension reaching into Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador may be likely as new collections from intermediate areas become available.
Multi-objective path finding in stochastic networks using a biogeography-based optimization method
Authors: Wang Shuihua , Yang Jianfei , Liu Ge , Du Sidan , Yan Jie
Published: January 2016

Multi-objective path finding (MOPF) problems are widely applied in both academic and industrial areas. In order to deal with the MOPF problem more effectively, we propose a novel model that can cope with both deterministic and random variables. For the experiment, we compared five intelligence-optimization algorithms: the genetic algorithm, artificial bee colony (ABC), ant colony optimization (ACO), biogeography-based optimization (BBO), and particle swarm optimization (PSO). After a 100-run comparison, we found the BBO is superior to the other four algorithms with regard to success rate. Therefore, the BBO is effective in MOPF problems.
Under the Rainbow: Migration, Precarity and People Power in Post-Apartheid South Africa
Authors: Schierup Carl-Ulrik
Published: January 2016

The article focuses on systemic drivers of poverty, inequality and precarious livelihoods. It discusses the transformation of South Africa’s labour force management and its migratory system from a centralized management of unfree labour by the apartheid state bureaucracy, to a post-apartheid state of precarity, driven by ‘flexploitation’. The nexus of precarious work and a fracturing citizenship is seen to represent a duality of flexibility linking practices of employment and labour control to areas like welfare benefits, citizenship status, political participation and informal livelihoods. This is applicable to migrants and natives alike, but with migrants being particularly flexible. The author connects the issue of precarity with politics of xenophobia seen as a stratagem for the retaining of hegemony confronting looming labour struggles and an insurgent citizenship of the poor. The argument revolves around precarity as representing a rallying point for resistance as well as a social condition.
Do Demographic Variables affect the Stress Levels of Indian Soldiers?
Authors: Sharma Sakshi
Published: January 2016

The present study examines the demographic profile of the Indian soldiers and analyzes the differences in opinions of soldiers according to six demographic variables, namely, designation, income, qualification, age, length of service and marital status. A sample of 415 soldiers of the Indian army selected through stratified random sampling was surveyed using structured schedules. ANOVA and post-hoc tests were applied to analyze the data. The findings of the study suggest significant differences on the basis of designation, age, service tenure and marital status mainly with regard to three occupational stressors, namely, ineffective leadership style, lack of control at work and role ambiguity. Furthermore, income and qualification were the only demographic variables showing significant and insignificant differences, respectively, for all occupational stressors. A comparison of mean scores of demographic characteristics revealed that single soldiers belonging to lower ranks (sepoys and naiks) and younger age group (20–30 years) having service tenure of less than 10 years suffer highest from occupational stress in the army. Additionally, inadequate training and workload were more stress creating factors for higher ranks (such as JCOs) and soldiers with higher length of service, in contrast to other groups. The study also highlights practical recommendations to curtail stress in the Indian army.
Live like a king, y’all: Gender negotiation and the performance of masculinity among Southern drag kings
Authors: Baker Ashley A , Kelly Kimberly
Published: January 2016

This paper draws upon interviews with 27 drag kings in the South to examine why individuals perform drag, the range of performance experiences, and how drag kinging challenges dichotomous ideas about gender. We use these interviews to demonstrate the importance of context in understanding the drag king culture. We clearly show that in the South the performance of masculinity in the form of drag differs from other areas of the country. Our findings indicate that Southern drag kings, in general, do not overtly challenge the gender status quo as previous research assumes. Rather, they turn to drag as a safe and fun outlet for female masculinity and as a place to test the waters of transsexuality. Despite their often individualistic rationales, we argue that the act of performing drag still challenges the gender order and enables others to engage in political thought and push for change in our society.
Getting off on sex research: A methodological commentary on the sexual desires of sex researchers
Authors: Thomas Jeremy N , Williams D J
Published: January 2016

In this commentary, we show how self-disclosure can help elucidate the ways that the sexual desires of sex researchers can and do affect their research. We demonstrate this self-disclosure by exploring how our own sexual desires have affected some of our past research through influencing research project choices, methodological choices, methodological interactions, and research findings and conclusions. We propose that sex research of all kinds would benefit if sex researchers would be more willing to disclose their sexual desires and to consider and discuss how their sexual desires have affected their research.