bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Perspective on the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Basic Science Research and its Future Implications
Authors: Paudel Yam Nath , Angelopoulou Efthalia , Giri Bhupendra Raj , Piperi Christina , Othman Iekhsan , Shaikh Mohd. Farooq
Published: December 2020

:

COVID-19 has emerged as a devastating pandemic of the century that the current generations
have ever experienced. The COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than 12 million people
around the globe, and 0.5 million people have succumbed to death. Due to the lack of effective
vaccines against the COVID-19, several nations throughout the globe have imposed a lock-down
as a preventive measure to lower the spread of COVID-19 infection. As a result of lock-down,
most of the universities and research institutes have witnessed a long pause in basic science research
ever. Much has been discussed about the long-term impact of COVID-19 on the economy,
tourism, public health, small and large-scale businesses of several kinds. However, the long-term
effects of the shut-down of these research labs and their impact on basic science research has not
been much focused. Herein, we provide a perspective that portrays a common problem of all the basic
science researchers throughout the globe and its long-term consequences.
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ONLINE SELF-REGULATED LEARNING ACROSS DIFFERENT EPISTEMIC BELIEFS LEVELS
Authors:   Mawar Sharon Christian School, Wulandari Tasik Stephani
Published: December 2020

Self-regulated learning is one of the keys of success in acquiring knowledge. Epistemic beliefs also play an important role on the self-regulated learning process. It affects students’ achievements depend on each belief of knowledge and knowing. However, less attention given to the constructs on online learning environment. The main purpose of this research was to know the extent of EFL students’ Online Self-regulated English Learning (OSEL) across the different level of Epistemic Beliefs. A total of 100 EFL students from Universitas Brawijaya were chosen randomly as the samples for this study. This survey study was adopting two questionnaires from Emaliana (2017) and Zheng et al. (2016) to gather the data. The result reports that there were from 81 students who have sophisticated epistemic beliefs, 54 students are having Advanced OSEL. It indicated that the extent of EFL students’ OSEL across different epistemic beliefs levels are great. Unexpectedly, it was found that there are students who have Basic OSEL with sophisticated epistemic beliefs and vice versa. Accordingly, it is recommended for further researcher to investigate this unique case. By using a qualitative design, it might enable further researchers to get profound result.
Developing G-Smartive (Getting Smart in Narrative) Multimedia as an Aid to Learn Reading of Narrative Text for Tenth Graders of Vocational High School
Authors: Ika Ayundha Ningtyas Putri
Published: December 2020

This study aims to develop the appropriate learning multimedia named G-Smartive (Getting Smart in Narrative) that provides the interesting components, learning materials, and applies game-based learning. It uses as aid to learn reading especially narrative text for tenth graders of Vocational High School. The method of this study was developmental research model purposed by [1]. The steps were need analysis, product development, expert validation, first revision, product try-out, final revision, and final product. The participant of this study was X KJB students in SMK PGRI 3 Malang. The instruments used were need analysis questionnaire, validation sheet, and questionnaire for product try-out. The data was analysed quantitatively. Regarding the result of need analysis and document analysis, G-Smartive presented three main materials which were reading comprehension, language feature, and vocabulary category. The result of validation showed that G-Smartive was suitable and appropriate to use for tenth grade students, but it needed some revisions. The research finding showed that all the aspects were in good category. The product also got the positive response from the students. G-Smartive gave contributions in supporting language learning, increasing the students’ language proficiency, and making the process of acquisition easier, and more interesting.
Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging of Hyperthrophic Cardiomyopathy : A Review Article
Authors: Kurniawati Veny , Saifur Rohman Mohammad , Kurnianingsih Novi , Fuji Rahimah Anna
Published: December 2020

The most common genetic cardiomyopathy, HCM has a prevalence about 0.2%. It is transmitted autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The natural history is benign but adverse outcomes can be happened in some patients including sudden cardiac death, symptoms secondary to dynamic left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction, diastolic filling abnormalities, atrial fibrillation, and LV systolic dysfunction. Imaging modalities can be used to evaluate cardiac structure and function, the presence and severity of dynamic obstruction, mitral valve abnormalities, mitral regurgitation, as well as myocardial ischemia and fibrosis. Echocardiography is the initial imaging modality for evaluation of cardiac structure. CMR is recommended when echocardiographic images is not adequate in selected patients with high index of suspicion for HCM. In case of contraindication to CMR, patients with ICDs or pacemakers, Cardiac CT is recommended. Imaging can be used to guide treatment, screening and preclinical diagnosis in patient HCM.
Venous Thromboembolism Prevention in COVID-19: A Review of Latest Evidences
Authors: Dzikrul Haq Karimullah Muchammad , Amnifolia Niazta Nisa , Ardining Hiradipta
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 has become major public health problems, with new cases and deaths growing around the world. COVID-19 has been reportedly associated with hypercoagulable state which can lead to venous thromboembolism (VTE) formation. This condition is also associated with worse outcomes in COVID-19 patients, therefore, it is critical for clinicians to identify this condition and manage it accordingly. VTE formation in COVID-19 occurs through several mechanisms, such as inflammatory reaction leading to hypercoagulable state and vascular dysfunction, direct vascular injury by the virus, and immobilization of the patients. The rate of VTE formation is as high as 31% in ICU patients and 9.2% in general wards patients, and it is also associated with poorer prognosis. Thromboprophylaxis with heparin, particularly low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), has been shown to improve the prognosis in these patients. A careful individual assessment is required to determine which patients will benefit from this therapy, as there are still no sufficient prospective trials to establish guidelines for VTE thromboprophylaxis in COVID-19. The assessment includes laboratory parameters such as PT, platelet count, D-dimer, fibrinogen, and other risk factors incorporated in PADUA risk assessment model (RAM), versus the risk of bleeding incorporated in IMPROVE bleeding RAM.
Management of Acute Uncomplicated Stanford B Aortic Dissection in The Era of Endovascular Repair: A Case Report
Authors: Annisa Kamila Putri , Kurnianingsih Novi , Widito Sasmojo , Sargowo Djanggan , Satrijo Budi
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Uncomplicated type B aortic dissections have been traditionally treated with medication therapy. While it may provide good short-term results, longterm prognosis may be less favorable. With improvements in endovascular repair and the potential risk of disease progression, thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has been considered inpatients with uncomplicated type B aortic dissection. We present the case of 78-year-old gentleman who presented with acute uncomplicated type B aortic dissection managed by endovascular repair Case illustration: A 78 year-old hypertensive patient admitted to the hospital with persistent chest discomfort and cough for 2 weeks. The CT aortic angiogram showed type B dissection. Based on the recent guidelines, TEVAR should be considered in patients with uncomplicated type B aortic dissection, thus we prepared the patient for TEVAR procedure. First we established multidisciplinary vascular team for the pre-procedural preparation of the patient. We perform careful measurement through detailed CT angiography reconstruction from carotid to femoral arteries. We found proximal diameter was 30-35mm, distal diameter was 23mm and landing zone right after left brachial ostium, suitable for stent graft Valiant Captivia 36-32x150mm. The CT also showed that both femoral artery were normal, we decided to use right femoral artery as the access. We proceed to the procedure 2 days later, under general anaesthesia, digital subtraction angiography revealed dissection of descending aorta, and selected device was inserted. Subsequent contrast injection revealed total occlusion of the false lumen. Patient was transferred to ICU for postprocedural care, and extubated the day after. The hospital stay was uneventful, and one-month follow up CT shows no endoleak. Conclusion : Management of uncomplicated Stanford B dissections is very challenging. TEVAR has emerged as an alternative to surgery with lower morbidity and mortality rates that might offer good long-term results.
Spraakverstaan, taalvaardigheid en verbaal werkgeheugen bij kinderen met CI
Authors: Langereis Margreet , Rijke Wouter , Vermeulen Anneke
Published: December 2020

Dit artikel is geschreven ten behoeve van het NVSST symposium ‘to hear or not to hear’,1 maart 2019.Met een cochleair implantaat (CI) worden de spraakperceptiemogelijkheden in rustvan ernstig slechthorende en dove kinderen aanzienlijk verbeterd. In ongunstige luistersituatieszijn de hoormogelijkheden nog beperkt.De auditieve mogelijkheden met CI bieden in principe voldoende voorwaarde voorde verwerving van een leeftijdsadequaat woordbegrip. Echter op het gebied van complexeretaalvaardigheden zoals morfo-syntaxis, vertelvaardigheden en verbaal redenerenworden nog problemen beschreven.Een mogelijke verklaring daarvoor, naast het verminderde spraakverstaan, is gelegenin de zwakkere en instabiele fonologische representaties. Er blijken vooral problemenmet de storage component (fonologische loop) van het werkgeheugen. Dit heeft tot gevolgdat de capaciteit en de effectiviteit van het werkgeheugen verminderen.
YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM KURUMLARININ HİZMET KALİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ İÇİN KULLANILAN ÖLÇEK VE BOYUTLARIN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: KOKOÇ Melda , ERSÖZ Süleyman
Published: December 2020

Yükseköğretim sektörü, artan eğitim talebini karşılamak için hızla büyüyen rekabetçi bir sektör haline gelmiştir. Rekabete dayanan bir pazarda, hizmete yönelik memnuniyetin fark yaratacağı gerçeği, üniversiteleri farklı paydaşlar tarafından algılanan hizmet kalitesinin çeşitli yönlerini geliştirmeye zorlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yükseköğretim kurumlarının sunduğu hizmet kalitesine ilişkin algının ölçüldüğü akademik yayınlar incelenmiş ve bu çalışmalarda tercih edilen ya da tasarlanan ölçekler analiz edilmiştir. Ek olarak, söz konusu çalışmalar yükseköğretim kurumlarının hizmet kalitesinin değerlendirilmesinde dikkate alınan boyutlar ve ölçeklerin uygulandığı örneklemler açısından özetlenerek yorumlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın, yükseköğretim kurumlarının hizmet kalitesinin değerlendirilmesine ilişkin yapılacak olan çalışmalara yardımcı olması hedeflenmektedir. Ek olarak, yükseköğretim kurumlarının hizmet kalitelerini değerlendirirken göz ardı etmemeleri gereken boyutların neler olabileceği konusunda çerçeve oluşturması amaçlanmaktadır.
ORGANİK ATIKLARIN YAPI MALZEMESİ OLARAK KULLANABİLİRLİĞİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: DEMİR İsmail , ELMALI Muhammet
Published: December 2020

Küresel ısınmayla birlikte çevresel sorunlara olan ilgi son on yıllarda giderek artmıştır. Küresel ısınmanın en önemli nedeni sanayileşme ile birlikte giderek artan CO2 salınımıdır. Sanayileşme ile birlikte gelişen kentlerin altyapı ve üst yapılarının inşasında ana girdi beton ve buna bağlı olarak çimento üretimi gelmektedir. Çimento fabrikalarında, üretim prosesinde ortaya çıkan CO2 ve partiküller hava kirleticileri arasında ilk sıralarda yer almakta, büyük oranda atmosfere sera gazı salınımı yapmaktadır. Küreselleşen Dünyada sanayileşme ve kentleşmenin etkisiyle birlikte kaynakların aşırı kullanımı ve artan tüketim sonucu atık miktarı da sürekli artış göstermektedir. Gittikçe katlanarak büyümekte olan atık sorunu; toplumu, aileyi ve bireyi etkilemekte hayat kalitesini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Atık sorununu çözmek için, toplanan materyallerin yeniden işlenmesi, üretimde kullanılması olan geri dönüşüm, bir zorunluluk olarak günümüz Dünyasında önemli yer tutar. Organik atıklar arasında: tarımsal atıklar, fıstık kabuğu, fındık kabuğu, pirinç kabuğu, şeker kamışı, palmiye yağı, saman, çay artıkları, pamuk sapı, ayçiçeği sapı, mısır koçanı, pamuk ve tekstil atıkları, odun lifleri vb yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, organik kökenli atıkların yapı malzemeleri üretiminde kullanılabilirliği üzerine yapılan çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada, birçok atık türünden (tarım, evsel, tıbbi, sanayi, santral, vb.) organik kökenli atıklar seçilerek, yapı malzemesi üretiminde tekrar kullanılması veya geri dönüşümü ile kaynak kullanımının ve bertaraf oranını azaltarak çevrenin korunmasına katkı sağlanabileceği ortaya konmuştur.
MADENCİLİKTE ATIKSU YÖNETİMİ VE KATI/SIVI AYRIMI
Authors: ÖZÜN Savas
Published: December 2020

Üçte ikisi sularla çevrili olan Dünya’nın su rezervlerinin %3’ünden daha az miktarını tatlı su kaynaklarının oluşturduğu bilinmektedir. Tatlı su kaynakların her geçen gün azalması, su kullanan endüstrileri, oluşturdukları atıksulardan elde edilen temiz suyu tekrar kullanarak faaliyetlerini sürdürmeye yöneltmektedir. Ülkemizdeki en büyük sanayi kollarından birisi olan madencilik sektörünün de hemen hemen her aşamasında su kullanılmaktadır. Çoğunlukla katı mineral taneleri ve sudan oluşan atıksuyun tesislerde tekrar kullanılabilmesi için içermiş olduğu katı mineral tanelerinden hızlı ve etkin bir şekilde kısmen/tamamen arındırılması gerekmektedir. Gerçekleştirilen katı/sıvı ayrımı ile sağlanan temiz suyun tesise tekrar beslenebilmesi ile madencilik faaliyetlerinin sekteye uğramadan devam etmesi sağlanmaktadır. Ayrıca; çeşitli yöntemler uygulanarak atıksudan temiz su kazanımı ile gerek tesisler için gerekli ilave su ihtiyacı azalmakta, gerekse doğada atıksu kaynaklı muhtemel kirliliğin önüne geçilebilmektedir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma kapsamında; madencilik faaliyetlerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan atık su yönetimi ve katı/sıvı ayırma yöntemlerinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.
Anticoagulation Rationale in an Elderly Patient with Stroke, Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, and Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors:   Neurology Department, Hospital pedro Hispano, ULS Matosinhos, Portugal, Ferreira Axel , Guimarães Filipa , Coelho Paulo Simões
Published: December 2020

We present a case of a 74-year-old woman with deep intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and probable antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Due to the high hemorrhagic risk, it was decided not to use anticoagulants. In a period of three months, she had two separate cerebral ischemic events and died of stroke-related complications. The use of oral anticoagulation (OAC) in this patient is neither supported nor contra-indicated by current literature, even though past medical history suggests a very high ICH recurrence rate, probably contra-indicating the use of OAC.
Grocery Delivery of Healthy Foods to Pregnant Young Women With Low Incomes: Feasibility and Acceptability Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Locher Ione , Waselewski Marika , Sonneville Kendrin , Resnicow Ken , Chang Tammy
Published: December 2020

Background

Poor maternal diets increase the risk of excess gestational weight gain which can contribute to serious intergenerational morbidity for both the mother and infant. Pregnant young women with low incomes have disproportionately high rates of inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption as well as excess weight gains during pregnancy.

Objective

Our aim was to describe the feasibility and acceptability of Special Delivery, a longitudinal nutrition intervention that delivers healthy foods to pregnant youth (aged 14-24 years) with low incomes.

Methods

The Special Delivery pilot study, conducted in Michigan, enrolled pregnant young women with low incomes. Study participants were sent twice-monthly grocery deliveries consisting of US $35 worth of healthy foods, primarily fruits and vegetables. Between grocery deliveries, participants received daily SMS text message prompts to confirm receipt of delivery and document diet and weight. Program feasibility was assessed by the number of grocery orders placed, delivered, and confirmed by participants. Qualitative interviews and SMS text message data were used to determine acceptability by assessing participants’ perspectives on grocery delivery, participants’ perspectives on dietary impact of the program, and foods consumed by participants.

Results

A total of 27 participants were enrolled in the pilot study. The mean age was 20.3 years (SD 2.0), and 59.3% (16/27) were African American or Black. During the pilot, 263 deliveries were sent with 98.5% (259/263) successful deliveries and 89.4% (235/263) deliveries confirmed by participants. Participants reported that grocery delivery was convenient; that delivered foods were high quality; and that the program improved their diet, increased access to healthy foods, and promoted healthy habits during pregnancy.

Conclusions

A grocery delivery–based weight gain and nutrition intervention is both feasible and acceptable among low-income pregnant youth. Grocery deliveries were successfully completed and participants were willing and able to receive grocery deliveries, eat the healthy foods that were delivered, and communicate via SMS text message with study coordinators. The Special Delivery program warrants further evaluation for efficacy in promoting healthy weight gain for low-income youth during pregnancy.
A Clinical Tool (CUE-tool) for Health Care Professionals to Assess the Usability and Quality of the Content of Medical Information Websites: Electronic Delphi Study
Authors: Klompstra Leonie , Liljeroos Maria , Lundgren Johan , Ingadottir Brynja
Published: December 2020

Background

As patients are increasingly searching for information about their medical condition on the internet, there is a need for health professionals to be able to guide patients toward reliable and suitable information sources on the internet.

Objective

The aim of the study was to develop a clinical tool for health care professionals to assess the usability and quality of the content of websites containing medical information that could be recommended to patients.

Methods

A 3-round modified electronic Delphi (eDelphi) study was conducted with 20 health care professionals.

Results

In round one of the eDelphi study, of the 68 items initially created, 41 items (29 on usability and 12 on content) were rated as important or very important by more than half of the panel and thus selected for further evaluation in round two. In round two, of the 41 items chosen from round 1, 19 were selected (9 on usability and 10 on content) as important or very important by more than half of the panel for further evaluation. As a result of round three, 2 items were combined as a single item, leaving the instrument with 18 items in total (8 on usability and 10 on content). The tool is freely accessible online.

Conclusions

The CUE-tool can be used to (1) evaluate the usability and reliability of the content of websites before recommending them to patients as a good information source; (2) identify websites that do not have reliable content or may be difficult for patients to use; (3) develop quality websites by using the criteria in the CUE-tool; and (4) identify different qualities between different websites.
Text Messaging and Web-Based Survey System to Recruit Patients With Low Back Pain and Collect Outcomes in the Emergency Department: Observational Study
Authors: Amorim Anita Barros , Coombs Danielle , Richards Bethan , Maher Chris G , Machado Gustavo C
Published: December 2020

Background

Low back pain (LBP) is a frequent reason for emergency department (ED) presentations, with a global prevalence of 4.4%. Despite being common, the number of clinical trials investigating LBP in the ED is low. Recruitment of patients in EDs can be challenging because of the fast-paced and demanding ED environment.

Objective

The aim of this study is to describe the recruitment and response rates using an SMS text messaging and web-based survey system supplemented by telephone calls to recruit patients with LBP and collect health outcomes in the ED.

Methods

An automated SMS text messaging system was integrated into Research Electronic Data Capture and used to collect patient-reported outcomes for an implementation trial in Sydney, Australia. We invited patients with nonserious LBP who presented to participating EDs at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after ED discharge. Patients who did not respond to the initial SMS text message invitation were sent a reminder SMS text message or contacted via telephone. The recruitment rate was measured as the proportion of patients who agreed to participate, and the response rate was measured as the proportion of participants completing the follow-up surveys at weeks 2 and 4. Regression analyses were used to explore factors associated with response rates.

Results

In total, 807 patients with nonserious LBP were invited to participate and 425 (53.0%) agreed to participate. The week 1 survey was completed by 51.5% (416/807) of participants. At week 2, the response rate was 86.5% (360/416), and at week 4, it was 84.4% (351/416). Overall, 60% of the surveys were completed via SMS text messaging and on the web and 40% were completed via telephone. Younger participants and those from less socioeconomically disadvantaged areas were more likely to respond to the survey via the SMS text messaging and web-based system.

Conclusions

Using an SMS text messaging and web-based survey system supplemented by telephone calls is a viable method for recruiting patients with LBP and collecting health outcomes in the ED. This hybrid system could potentially reduce the costs of using traditional recruitment and data collection methods (eg, face-to-face, telephone calls only).

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019052
Monitoring Depression Trend on Twitter during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Yipeng , Lyu Hanjia , Liu Yubao , Zhang Xiyang , Wang Yu , Luo Jiebo
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected people’s daily lives and caused tremendous economic loss worldwide. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the pandemic has increased the depression level among the population. However, systematic studies of depression detection and monitoring during the depression are lacking.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims (1) to develop a method to accurately identify people with depression by analyzing their tweets and (2) to monitor the population-wise depression level on Twitter.

METHODS

To study this subject, we design an effective regular expression-based search method and create by far the largest English Twitter depression dataset containing 2,575 distinct identified depression users (N=2,575) with their past tweets. To examine the effect of depression on people’s Twitter language, we train three transformer-based depression classification models on the dataset, evaluate their performance with progressively increased training sizes, and compare the model’s “tweet chunk”-level and user-level performances. Furthermore, inspired by psychological studies, we create a fusion classifier that combines deep learning model scores with psychological text features and users’ demographic information and investigate these features’ relations to depression signals. Finally, we demonstrate our model’s capability of monitoring both group-level and population-level depression trends by presenting two of its applications during the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESULTS

Our fusion model demonstrates an accuracy of 78.9% on a test set containing 446 people (N=446), half of which are identified as suffering from depression. Conscientiousness, neuroticism, appearance of first-person pronouns, talking about biological processes such as eat and sleep, talking about power, and exhibiting sadness are shown to be important features in depression classification. Further, when used for monitoring the depression trend, our model shows that depressive users, in general, respond to the pandemic later than the control group based on their tweets. It is also shown that three states of the United States - New York (NY), California (CA), and Florida (FL) - share a similar depression trend as the whole US population. When compared to NY and CA, people in FL demonstrate a significantly lower level of depression.

CONCLUSIONS

This study proposes an efficient method that can be used to analyze the depression level of different groups of people on Twitter. We hope this study can raise awareness among researchers and the general public of COVID-19’s impact on people’s mental health. The non-invasive monitoring system can also be rapidly adapted to other big events besides COVID-19 and might be useful during future outbreaks.
Уважаемые коллеги!
Authors: Voronenko Y. V.
Published: December 2020

No abstract
Вихід у світ нового видання «Українська наукова стоматологічна школа: історичні нариси»
Authors: No authors .
Published: December 2020

No abstract
The Seasonal Change in the Enzymatic Activity of the Soil of the “Chernye Zemli” Reserve
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Buluktaev Aleksey
Published: December 2020

Цель настоящей статьи заключается в исследовании сезонного изменения ферментативной активности почв заповедника «Черные земли» как территорий с наименьшей антропогенной нагрузкой. Методы. Отбор проб осуществлен на различных почвенных разностях заповедника по общепринятым методикам, в различные временные отрезки 2019 г. Ферментативную активность почв (по активности каталазы и инвертазы) исследовали по методикам Галстяна и Хазиева. Результаты. В результате проведенного исследования установлено, что почвы заповедника «Черные земли» проявляют хорошую биологическую активность. В период ранней весны активность почвенного фермента каталазы низкая, весной с ростом температуры и развитием растительного покрова активность данного фермента возрастает практически вдвое. Летом при высоких температурах активность каталазы ингибируется, осенью в период вторичной вегетации растений активность каталазы незначительно увеличивается. Активность инвертазы в течение сезона практически не изменяется. Выводы. Факторами, влияющими на активность каталазы в почвах, являются температура, влажность, засоление и химическое загрязнение. В почвах с хорошим растительным покровом активность каталазы и инвертазы выше, чем в почвах, лишенных растительности, причем данная закономерность прослеживается даже на заросших песках. Нефтяное загрязнение ингибирует активность почвенных ферментов. Активность каталазы можно использовать для диагностики биологического состояния почв.
The Brief Analysis of the Basic Climate Data of the Two Clusters of the State Biosphere Reserve “Chernye Zemli” for 2019
Authors:   Institute for Comprehensive Studies of Arid Territories, Tashninova Anna
Published: December 2020

Цель. В статье анализируются основные климатические данные двух кластеров заповедника «Черные земли» за 2019 г. Материал и методы. Основные климатические показатели по среднемесячным температурам и осадкам находятся в открытом доступе на сайтах https://ru.climate-data.org, http://russia.pogoda360.ru и др. Климадиаграммы составлены по методу Вальтера – Госсена, отражают зональные особенности территории, с использованием шкал среднемесячной температуры и количества осадков в соотношении 1:2. Любое принятое соотношение шкал условно. Отсюда вытекает исключительная субъективность составления климадиаграмм. Результаты. К особенностям климатических изменений на территории двух кластеров за 2019 г. следует отнести очень теплые зимы – в данный период не отмечено экстремально низких температур, зима характеризовалась положительными значениям и оттепелями, без продолжительных заморозков. Весна 2019 г. на данной территории республики была ранняя, очень теплая, быстрый рост положительных температур начинался в последней декаде марта – первой декаде апреля. Переход положительных температур за +10°C начался в апреле. Начавшийся в начале мая летний период отмечается высокими температурами в апреле и мае (+24,5°C…+33°C) и редкими осадками, преимущественно ливневого характера. Общее изменение климата в регионе сказывается на увеличении частоты засухи жарких периодов, сокращении количества осадков, нарушении почвенно-гидрологического режима и увеличении испарения. Выводы. Климат основного кластера резко континентальный, климат орнитологического участка умеренно континентальный. Но в последнее время теплый и безморозный зимний период, раннее весеннее потепление, продолжительное лето и осень, приближенная по своим климатическим условиям к летним показателям, стали общим признаками, характерными для двух кластеров биосферного заповедника.
“Chernye Zemli” Reserve in the System of Botanical and Geographical Demarcation
Authors:   V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Safronova Irina
Published: December 2020

Цель. Уточнить зональный статус заповедника «Черные земли» в системе ботанико-географического районирования. Материал и методы. В течение 20 лет проводились маршрутные исследования с записью по спидометру смены растительности в полевых дневниках и подробным описанием растительных сообществ. В исследовании использованы карты ботанико-географического районирования. Названия растений даны по С. К. Черепанову. Результаты. Из-за сильного антропогенного воздействия (перевыпаса, сенокосов, распашек, пожаров) в современной пространственной структуре растительного покрова Северо-Западного Прикаспия, наряду с зональными полынниками, большую роль играют вторичные сообщества с обилием (или даже доминированием) ковылей и одно-двулетников. Ковыли местами аспектируют, придавая ландшафтам степной вид. Подобные ковыльно-однолетниковые сообщества представляют собой одну из стадий демутации ковыльно-полынных пустынь. Выводы. 30 лет существования заповедника — срок недостаточный для восстановления уничтоженного или частично нарушенного природного равновесия. К сожалению, заповедный режим не ограждает территорию от таких бедствий, как пожары, которые в XXI веке участились, но благодаря ему восстановление идет. Заповедник «Черные Земли» уникален, так как его основной участок находится в пределах единственной пустыни в Европе.
The impact of national projects on the cost structure of the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, DANILOV ROMAN S. , KARTYSHEVA POLINA A. ,   JSC “Mosinzhproekt”
Published: December 2020

The article assesses the impact of national projects to change the structure of expenditures of the Russian budgetary system and describes the basic concepts, regulations, tools for the implementation of national projects. The current macroeconomic situation is analyzed. The paper shows the importance of national development goals concerning budgeting policy. The work describes the structure of expenditures of budgetary and extrabudgetary sources aimed at the implementation of national projects; the study also touches upon the role of national projects affecting budget expenditures of the funds of the Russian Federation. The author defines national projects, the implementation of which has a priority character for the federal government or subjects of the Russian Federation. The work contains information concerning changes in the volume of productive expenditures aimed at the development of human capital and infrastructure – expenditures on health care, education, transport infrastructure, and on the spending of budgetary funds in general. The analysis revealed structural changes in expenditures and their shift from unproductive to productive ones, which is directly related to expenditures on national projects and the transition to a policy of stimulating supply.
CAF: Quality management model for public organizations
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, MARKVART EMIL , MASLOV DMITRY V. ,   Ivanovo branch, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, LAVROVA TATYANA B. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: December 2020

The existing approaches to quality assessment, based on ranking and rating, perform a control function but do not give government bodies at various levels, local governments, and public sector organizations the necessary tools to improve their performance. The article is devoted to one of the modern models of quality management in the field of public administration – the European model for improving the activities of public sector organizations through the self-assessment – the Common Assessment Framework (CAF model) and the possibilities of its implementation in Russia.
Digitalization in the system of anti-corruption measures
Authors:   State budgetary institution of culture of the city of Moscow «Centralized library system. South-Western Administrative District», KORCHAGIN OLEG N. , LYADSKAYA ANASTASIA V. ,   Anti-Corruption Association of Engineering Enterprises
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the current state of digitalization aimed at solving urgent problems of combating corruption in the field of public administration and private business sector. The work considers the experience of foreign countries and the influence of digital technologies on the fight against corruption. It is noted that the digitalization of public administration is becoming one of the decisive factors for increasing the efficiency of the anti-corruption system and improving management mechanisms. Big Data, if integrated and structured according to the given parameters, allows the implementation of legislative, law enforcement, control and supervisory and law enforcement activities reliably and transparently. Big Data tools allow us to analyze processes, identify dependencies and predict corruption risks. The author describes the most significant problems that complicate the transfer of offline technologies into the online environment. The paper analyzes promising directions for the development of digital technologies that would lead to solving the arising problems, as well as to implement tasks that previously seemed unreachable. The article also describes current developments in the field of collecting and managing large amounts of data, the “Internet of Things”, modern network architecture, and other advances in the field of IT; the work provides applied examples of their potential use in the field of combating corruption. The study gives reasons that, in the context of combating corruption, digitalization should be allocated in a separate area of activity that is controlled and regulated by the state.
Poles of competitiveness: A model for transitioning to innovative economy (The new industrial policy of France)
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, CHUPROVA OKSANA G. , BILLIER JEAN-CASSIEN ,   Sorbonne University
Published: December 2020

The article considers the policy for “poles of competitiveness” – a French method of implementing cluster strategies, which serves as an example of the interaction between science, education, and territorial entities to ensure sustainable development through the creation and launch of innovative products and training of in-demand personnel. The modern development of regions and territories in many countries is carried out through the use of cluster technologies. These technologies are based on the relationship of educational, research, and entrepreneurial resources. Cluster technologies serve to develop and implement innovative products and solutions in various fields of activity. These approaches are becoming the most popular in the implementation of state policy: regional, industrial, and technological systems are combined in cluster strategies to increase competitiveness, attractiveness, economic and technological indicators of territories and the nation as a whole. The central definition of the poles of competitiveness is “joint innovation projects”; implementation of these projects requires various participants to be involved. This approach should create an incentive for interaction at the local level and cooperation between the parties, increase the efficiency of all involved structures, develop the innovation sphere, and create new data in the related network.
New conditions of competition in the European gas market
Authors:   Embassy of the Republic of Bulgaria in the Russian Federation, PETROV PETER ILIEV
Published: December 2020

This article aims to discuss the process of liberalization of the natural gas market in the European Union (EU). The purpose of this research is to show the fundamental characteristics of the gas industry, the process of reconstruction of the European gas market, taking into account the ongoing changes in the context of geopolitical, ecological, and technological determinants of the international and European energy and gas sector. The article describes the structure of the modern European natural gas market, compares the competitiveness of gas transportation methods through trunk pipelines and gas tankers transporting liquefied natural gas. The article examines the impact of the increase in the supply of liquefied natural gas on the situation with the turnover of gas trade in the European market, in particular, how it affects the delivery of hydrocarbons and the growth in the scale of exchange trading. The article examines the Groningen model, which influences the development of gas exchange trading and natural gas trading through long-term contracts. The evolution of the European policy in the field of natural gas, the established strictly regulated version of the “well-functioning” gas market, remains as one too political and unstable experiment. The importance of natural gas changes all the time, depending on economics, the security of deliveries, and sustainability. Furthermore, the focus on that importance and its practical application vary in different parts of Europe. The conclusion is made that a “well-functioning” gas market is characterized by the presence of a large number of suppliers, and competition leads to a noticeable decrease in prices for natural gas. However, in the current situation, the demand for gas turns out to be unstable, and difficult conditions for pipeline supplies are emerging for traditional suppliers. In the long term, the “well- functioning” gas market scheme will remain highly politicized and unstable, with increased competition in supply and a downward trend in gas prices. Thus, the European gas market is transforming towards the formation of a “buyer’s market”.
Policy implementation of No Smoking area in Undata Public Hospital Palu City
Authors: Napirah Muhammad Ryman , Suwendro Novi Inriyanny , Hasanah Hasanah
Published: December 2020

The determination of the No Smoking Area is an effort to protect the community against the risk of health problems due to the environment contaminated with cigarette smoke. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of the No Smoking Area policy at the Undata Regional General Hospital (RSUD), Palu, especially in the aspects of communication, resources, disposition. , and bureaucratic structures. This type of research is qualitative research with a case study approach. Determination of informants is done through purposive sampling technique, namely the researcher uses his judgment in selecting informants to obtain in-depth information according to the research objectives. the concept of communication is good enough. The KTR Task Force at Undata Hospital uses print and electronic media. In the resource variable, the results are not good enough. The KTR Task Force at Undata Hospital is still lacking in terms of the number, namely only 15 people previously numbered 30 people. The disposition variables obtained in this study are good enough. The appointment of the KTR task force at Undata Hospital is directly selected by the hospital director, but the supervisory officers still lack incentives. In the bureaucratic structure variable, the results were quite good. The most authorized person in implementing the implementation of the KTR policy implementation at the Undata Hospital Palu is the Task Force coordinator. The suggestion in this research is that the KTR Task Force at Undata Hospital should be added and the Undata Hospital should create a smoking area.
Food Allergy Treatment Value: Child Caregiver and Patient Perspectives
Authors: Abdelwadoud Moaz , Eftekhari Sanaz , Jaffee Hannah , Carver Melanie , II T. Mattingly
Published: December 2020

Background: Food allergy is a major health problem that significantly
impacts quality of life (QoL). There is growing focus to evaluate food
allergy related QoL and treatment value beyond the clinical
effectiveness perspective by engaging patients and caregivers. We aimed
to identify and prioritize outcomes important to food allergy parents of
children and patients allergic to milk, egg, and/or peanut, to guide
comparative effectiveness research (CER) that focuses on evaluating food
allergy treatment decisions. Methods: We conducted a modified 3-round
Delphi study to identify and derive consensus on priority treatment
outcomes for parents of children and adult patients with diagnosed
allergies to at least one of three major allergenic foods (milk, egg,
and peanut) from across the United States. Results: Round 1 yielded 44
statements for round 2, and 39 statements reached the agreement level
for round 3 ranking. Statements were organized under 4 sections: 1) food
allergy problems, 2) treatment experiences, 3) important treatment
outcomes, and 4) value of different treatment options. Conclusion: Food
allergy parents and patients face several social, psychological,
medical, healthcare, financial, food selection, and awareness
challenges. The areas of consensus on important treatment outcomes
revealed shared priority for reducing the risk of potentially fatal
allergic reactions and having reliable treatments. The most valued
treatment options reflect hope for permanent cure and fear of serious
allergic reactions.
Adherence to the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology Guidelines: An Observational Study
Authors: Conrad Sarah , Dahman Bassam , Isaacs Christine , Kumar Anita , Hylton Jordan
Published: December 2020

Objective: To evaluate adherence to the 2012 ASCCP guidelines by
physicians referring patients to a large academic center for a
colposcopy and to understand the factors associated with incorrect
referrals. Design: A retrospective observational study Setting: A large
tertiary referral hospital Population: Woman referred to Virginia
Commonwealth University for colposcopy or loop electrosurgical excision
procedure from January 2015 to December 2016. Methods: Data on patient
demographics, cervical cytology, human papillomavirus status, and the
recommended interventions were gathered. Main Outcome Measures:
Concordance with ASCCP guidelines Results: Referral requests for 430
women were reviewed. Of the referrals, 17.4% were discordant with the
ASCCP guidelines. The most common discordant colposcopy referrals were
for low-grade squamous intraepithelial (LSIL) lesion (48%) and atypical
squamous cell of undetermined significance (29%). The likelihood of
incorrect referral was decreased for high grade lesions (OR 0.03),
increased in women age < 25 (OR 31.6) and those referred by
family medicine (OR 3.6) or internal medicine (OR 4.4). Ten patients
were referred for cervical cytology collected on vaginal cuffs despite
hysterectomies performed for benign reasons. Conclusions: Patients
referred outside of the guidelines were most often women age <
25 with low-grade lesions. Referrals outside of evidence-based
guidelines may lead to unnecessary procedures and added healthcare
expense. Our results help identify areas for provider education and
potential areas for concern in the implementation of the 2019 ASCCP
updates.
Comparison of Cisplatin monotherapy and PLADO in the management in children with standard-risk hepatoblastoma in a Resource Challenged Nation.
Authors: Agarwala Sandeep , Jain Vishesh , Dhua Anjan , Srinivas Madur , Goel Prabudh , Bakhshi Sameer , Iyer Venkateswaran , Jana Manisha , Naranje Priyanka , Bhatnagar Veereshwar
Published: December 2020

Background: Recent SIOPEL studies have shown cisplatin monotherapy to be
equally effective in management of Standard risk Hepatoblastoma (SRHB)
as compared to PLADO. Aim: To study the chemotherapy, response and
outcomes in children with SRHB in a Resource Challenged Nation (RCN).
Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted and all
children with SRHB who were treated by us from June 2007 to December
2017 were included. All patients with standard risk hepatoblastoma who
had received at least 2 courses of chemotherapy were included. Data
regarding the demographics, PRETEXT stage, chemotherapy, response to
chemotherapy and outcomes were recorded. Kaplan Meier survival analysis
was performed to calculate 5-year overall survival (OS) and event free
survival (EFS). Results: Thirty-two children were included in the study.
Nineteen children (59.4%) received Cisplatin monotherapy and of these 6
patients (all PRETEXT III) had poor response and were upgraded to PLADO.
The remaining 13 (40.6%) received upfront PLADO. The 5-year OS and EFS
was 100% in the monotherapy group (n=13), 92% and 69% in the upfront
PLADO group (n=13), and 62% and 22% in the upgraded to PLADO group
(n=6). Patients in upgraded to PLADO group had significantly lower
5-year EFS (70% vs 22%; p= 0.036) compared to upfront PLADO group.
Conclusion: Two thirds of SRHB patients with PRETEXT stage III who
received cisplatin monotherapy showed poor response and were upgraded to
PLADO chemotherapy. These patients had a significantly poorer outcome
compared to the rest of the cohort. PRETEXT stage III standard-risk
hepatoblastoma may benefit from PLADO chemotherapy instead of cisplatin
monotherapy.
Acute toxity and sublethal effects of pymetrozine on the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan
Authors: Drobnjakovic Tanja , Marcic Dejan
Published: December 2020

Sublethal effects of a pymetrozine-based product (commercial product Chess
50 WP) on life history traits and population growth of one commercialized
strain (?Dutch? strain) and two local populations (Bujanovac and Negotin) of
the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)
were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. All trials were carried out at
27?1?C temperature and under 60?10 % relative humidity and 16/8 h
daylight/darkness photoperiod in four replications. Longevity of wasps
exposed for 48 h to residues of the pymetrozine insecticide (LC50, 280 mg
a.i./l) was shorter (by 2.7-3 days) than that of control wasps. Total
parasitism of Negotin wasps was significantly reduced (by 8.2 %), as well
as total parasitism and adult emergence of the Dutch strain (by 7.3 and 8.2
%, respectively), compared to control wasps. The instantaneous rate of
increase (ri) of surviving adult wasps was also significantly reduced (by
6.6, 6.3 and 7.6 % in populations Negotin, Bujanovac and Dutch strain,
respectively). Direct treatment of wasps at their pupal stage (LC50, 300 mg
a.i./l) reduced total parasitism of Negotin wasps (by 8 %), and reduced ri
levels, but the reduction was significant only for the Bujanovac (by 6.7 %)
and Negotin (by 4.6 %) populations. Juvenile development of the parasitoid
in treated pupae was significantly extended (by 0.3-1.1 days), compared to
control wasps. The implications of these results on integrated control of
the greenhouse whitefly are discussed.