bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors with other antihypertensives in association with coronavirus disease-19 clinical outcomes
Authors: Bezabih Yihienew Mequanint , Bezabih Alemayehu , Alamneh Endalkachew , Peterson Gregory M. , Bezabhe Woldesellassie
Published: October 2020

Background: Reports on the effects of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors on the clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) have been conflicting. We performed this meta-analysis to find conclusive evidence. Methods: We searched published articles through PubMed, EMBASE and medRxiv from 5 January 2020 to 3 August 2020. Studies that reported clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19, stratified by the class of antihypertensives, were included. Random and fixed-effects models were used to estimate pooled odds ratio (OR). Results: A total 36 studies involving 30,795 patients with COVID-19 were included. The overall risk of poor patient outcomes (severe COVID-19 or death) was lower in patients taking RAAS inhibitors (OR=0.79, 95% CI: [0.67, 0.95]) compared with those receiving non-RAAS inhibitor antihypertensives. However, further sub-meta-analysis showed that specific RAAS inhibitors did not show a reduction of poor COVID-19 outcomes when compared with any class of antihypertensive except beta-blockers (BBs). For example, compared to calcium channel blockers (CCBs), neither angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) (OR=0.91, 95% CI: [0.67, 1.23]) nor angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) (OR=0.90, 95% CI: [0.62, 1.33]) showed a reduction of poor COVID-19 outcomes. When compared with BBs, however, both ACEIs (OR=0.85, 95% CI: [0.73, 0.99) and ARBs (OR=0.72, 95% CI: [0.55, 0.94]) showed an apparent decrease in poor COVID-19 outcomes. Conclusions: RAAS inhibitors did not increase the risk of mortality or severity of COVID-19. Differences in COVID-19 clinical outcomes between different class of antihypertensive drugs were likely due to the underlying comorbidities for which the antihypertensive drugs were prescribed.
Dokumentation in Kindertagesstätten
Authors: Schönborn Herrad , Kuhl Poldi
Published: October 2020

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird auf Grundlage einer Online-Befragung von Kita-Leitungen (N = 153) aus Hamburg und Niedersachsen eine Bestandsaufnahme der Bildungs- und Entwicklungsdokumentation in Kindertagesstätten vorgenommen. Dabei konzentriert sich der Beitrag auf die aktuell verwendeten Dokumentationsverfahren und den Einsatz von digitalen Medien und Apps bei der Dokumentation. Es zeigt sich, dass die Bildungs- und Entwicklungsdokumentation im Arbeitsalltag von Erzieherinnen und Erziehern eine bedeutsame Rolle spielt. Kitas dokumentieren mehrheitlich für jedes Kind und verwenden hierfür verschiedene Verfahren mit unterschiedlichen Funktionen. In den meisten Kitas wird die Dokumentation sowohl analog als auch mithilfe verschiedener digitaler Medien durchgeführt. Spezielle Dokumentations-Apps hingegen sind in den Kitas bislang kaum bekannt und werden entsprechend wenig genutzt. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf die aktuellen Anforderungen der Dokumentation und die Potenziale des Einsatzes von digitalen Medien und Apps für die Dokumentation in Kitas diskutiert.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Invers Matriks di Kelas XI IPA 1 MA Bilingual Batu
Authors: Farhadi Farhadi , Munfarikha Ninik
Published: October 2020

This research aims to determine the increment in student learning outcomes on inverse matrix material with Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) type cooperative learning model. The research subjects were students of class XI IPA 1 MA Bilingual Batu in the 2018/2019 academic year, with a total of 33 students. This type of research is Action Research Classroom (PTK) with the implementation procedure referring to Kemmis and Mc Taggart, which is planning, acting, observing and reflection. This research was conducted in two cycles with the results in the first cycle the average value of the class was 75.4 and in the second cycle the average value of the class was 82.04. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that application of cooperative learning STAD could improve student learning outcomes in the inverse of matrix materials at class XI IPA MA Bilingual Batu.
Pembelajaran Pola Bilangan melalui Permainan Tradisional Nasi Goreng Kecap
Authors: Rosikhoh Dewi , Abdussakir Abdussakir
Published: October 2020

The development of games in the technological acceleration era nowadays endangers the extinction of traditional games. Therefore, the integration of Learning with Cultural Local Wisdom was needed to keep those cultures. The purpose of this research was to create an integrated learning design using number patterns material through the traditional game of Nasi Goreng Kecap. This research is a qualitative research with a design research approach and development studies type. The results showed that Nasi Goreng Kecap's traditional game had five steps in the process of the game. The second stage of this game contains the concept of number patterns. That's why, through this Nasi Goreng Kecap traditional game, it was able to be designed a process of learning that integrates mathematics with local wisdom culture. In those designed for integrative learning, students were arranged to be several groups with a maximum of each group was six students. Each group was played those games until the second stage only. Group worksheets had been provided by the teacher to direct the students in making patterns generalization from the second step of the Nasi Goreng Kecap traditional game.
Znanost i poezija
Authors: Novko Denis
Published: October 2020

Nužna upućenost filozofije na poeziju u Schellingovoj se filozofiji najjasnije pokazuje time što on u Sistemu transcendentalnog idealizma filozofiji pripisuje estetičku funkciju. Poezija je za Schellinga, prije svega, ono što prethodi znanosti. U kružnom se kretanju, u vidu sistema znanosti, na svom završetku znanost ponovno mora vratiti u ono iz čega je proizašla. Ono što vodi znanost k ponovnom povratku poeziji može se, prema Schellingovu shvaćanju, pronaći u prirodi i njezinoj organizaciji. Organizacija prirode u najstarijoj filozofiji pjesničkim je izričajem bila izražena u formi priče. Mitološka je forma za Schellinga stoga srednji član povratka znanosti k poeziji.
Surface water quality and health risk assessment of Kameng river (Assam, India)
Authors: Singh Kunwar Raghvendra , Goswami Ankit Pratim , Kalamdhad Ajay S. , Kumar Bimlesh
Published: October 2020

Present study evaluated the surface water quality of Kameng River (Assam, India). Kameng River is the tributary of the river Brahmaputra, having its confluence at its north bank. Water samples were collected from 9 different locations along the stretch and 24 parameters were analysed. Water quality at all sampling sites was expressed in terms of overall index of pollution (OIP). The OIP of all sampling sites varied between 1.30 and 1.74. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the latent factors influencing the water quality of the river. PCA revealed that domestic wastewater and agricultural runoff were the leading sources causing adulteration of the river's water quality. The degree of contamination of each sampling site due to heavy metals was calculated by the contamination index and an associated human health risk assessment was done by computing average daily intake and Hazard quotient (HQ). The HQ of all sampling sites varied from 0.14 to 1.21. This work presents the reliability and practicability of the integrated use of these approaches in river water quality monitoring and assessment. These methods will be very useful for policy makers for assessing the cause and effect of pollution of water bodies and implementing policies to keep pollution under check.
Combining Angiogenesis Inhibitors with Radiation: Advances and Challenges in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Rani Vinitha , Prabhu Ashwini
Published: October 2020

Background:

Radiation therapy is a widely employed modality that is used to destroy cancer cells, but it also tends to induce changes in the tumor microenvironment and promote angiogenesis. Radiation, when used as a sole means of therapeutic approach to treat cancer, tends to trigger the angiogenic pathways, leading to the upregulation of several angiogenic growth factors such as VEGF, bFGF, PDGF and angiogenin. This uncontrolled angiogenesis leads to certain angiogenic disorders like vascular outgrowth and an increase in tumor progression that can pose a serious threat to patients.

Objective:

This review emphasizes on various components of the tumor microenvironment, angiogenic growth factors and biological effects of radiation on tumors in provoking the relapse. It also describes the angiogenic mechanisms that trigger the tumor relapse after radiation therapy and how angiogenesis inhibitors can help in overcoming this phenomenon. It gives an overview of various angiogenesis inhibitors in pre-clinical as well as in clinical trials.

Conclusion:

The review focuses on the beneficial effects of the combinatorial therapeutic approach of anti-angiogenesis therapy and radiation in tumor management.
Carbon Nano Tubes: Novel Drug Delivery System in Amelioration of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Mishra Jayanti , Kumar Bhumika , Pandey Mukesh , Pottoo Faheem H. , Fayaz Faizana , Khan Firdos Alam , Sahoo Pravat K.
Published: October 2020

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder manifested with symptoms like loss of memory (known as dementia), personality changes, loss of cognition, impaired movement, confusion, deteriorated planning and thought process. Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease is the result of deposition of protein beta-amyloid that forms plaques and another protein called tau, forming tangles that prevent proper functioning of nerve cells in the brain.

Methods:

The goal of the review was to comprehensively study the utilization of nanotechnology and the role that carbon nanotubes can play as a drug delivery system for amelioration of Alzheimer’s disease.

Results:

Nanotechnology is one of the most researched domains of modern science. It contributes
significantly to therapeutics by facilitating drug therapy to reach the target sites, which are otherwise
difficult to reach with conventional drug delivery systems. Carbon nanotubes are the allotropes
of carbon in which several carbon atoms bind with each other to form a cylindrical or a
tube-like structure. The carbon nanotubes possess several unique qualities, which confer them with
a high potential of being utilized as an efficient drug delivery system. They offer high drug loading
and can readily cross the toughest biological barriers like the BBB. Carbon nanotubes also facilitate
the passage of drugs to the brain via the olfactory route, which further helps in restoring normal
autophagy, thus preventing the elimination of autophagic chemicals. They can carry a vast
range of cargos, including drugs, antigens, genetic materials, and biological macromolecules.

Conclusion:

Carbon nanotubes are a highly promising drug delivery system for anti-Alzheimer’s
drugs. They have the potential of overcoming the various biological barriers like the BBB. However,
more extensive research is required so as to set up a firm base for the development of advanced
commercial products based on carbon nanotubes for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Antioxidant and Wound Healing Potential of Essential Oil from Citrus reticulata Peel and Its Chemical Characterization
Authors: Ishfaq Maham , Akhtar Bushra , Muhammad Faqir , Sharif Ali , Akhtar Muhammad F. , Hamid Irfan , Sohail Kashif , Muhammad Hosh
Published: October 2020

Background:

Fruit peels are considered as waste and contribute to a major proportion of the
biomass. They can be a good source of various therapeutic benefits. Peels biomass of citrus fruits is
usually considered as garbage. Such peels may have many important and valuable medicinal components
with pharmacological activities. Citrus reticulata, (Rutaceae family, local name tangerine) is a
local seasonal fruit in Pakistan, a very good example of wastage of its peels.

Objective:

The study is based on the exploration of a citrus fruit peel derived essential oil, its chemical
characterization, identification of various bioactive components and the exploration of pharmacological
potentials (antibacterial and wound healing activity).

Methods:

Essential oil was recovered by hydro-distillation of freshly collected peels. Chemical constituents
of oil were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. Antioxidant
activities were evaluated by total phenolic contents, total flavonoid content, DPPH scavenging
activity and reducing power assay. Antibacterial activity was determined using disc diffusion assay. In
vivo wound healing potential was determined in rabbits after topical administration of oil. Wound scoring
was calculated followed by histological study.

Results:

GC-MS analysis showed the presence of various components with the greatest proportion of
D-Limonene (89.31%). Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were found to be 14.63 ± 0.95 mg CE/g
and 17.03 ± 3.24 mg GAE/g respectively, while DPPH activity was found to be 73.32%. A better antibacterial
activity was shown against E. coli. In vivo studies showed significant reduction in wound diameter
in essential oil treatment groups. Further, the essential oil was found non-irritant in draize scoring.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that essential oil of this fruit peel might be used for antibacterial and
wound healing purposes.
Natural Antidiabetic Agents: Molecular Docking Study using the Extra Precision Method
Authors: Firke Sandip Dinkar , Dhote Ashish Madhukar , Patil Ravindra Rohidas , Shirkhedkar Atul Arun , Surana Sanjay Javerilal
Published: October 2020

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most severe, chronic metabolic disorder with abnormally elevated concentration of plasma glucose levels, leading to significant complications, such as diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular illnesses.

Objective:

Synthetic drugs have some disadvantages and limitations. Therefore, there is a continuous global and insisting need for new and better treatment options for Diabetes Mellitus.

Methods:

In this study, 42 natural anti-diabetic constituents like alkaloids, glycosides, and flavonoids were selected on the basis of mechanism of action on various molecular targets such as Glucokinase activator, Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARγ), and α-glucosidase inhibitor. To investigate the potential molecular targets for natural antidiabetcs agents, molecular docking study was carried out using the Glide module of Schrodinger Suit.

Results:

Interactions of specific amino acid of the targets with the atoms of the chemical constituents and their Gscore indicate the proper binding of chemical constituents with target. The results revealed that Myricetin, Quercetin ae interacts with active sites of the target chosen and can be used for the designing of novel compounds as anti-dibetics.

Conclusion:

Calculated GScore could be used as a preliminary tool for screening of anti-diabetic drugs before performing experimental activity.
Medical Treatment in Cesarean Scar Pregnancy with Fetal Heart Activity and High Level of Serum β-hCG: A Case Report
Authors: Saghafi Nafiseh , Pourali Leila , Vatanchi Atiyeh , Rastin Zahra
Published: October 2020

Background :

Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is the implantation of the gestational sac in the hysterotomy scar.
The optimal treatment for a cesarean scar pregnancy is unclear and therapy should be selected according to the patients'
clinical presentation. The aim of this study was reporting a successful medical treatment of a cesarean scar pregnancy with
fetal heart activity and a very high level of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG).

Case Presentation:

A 38-year-old woman referred for routine prenatal visit after 2 months of menstrual retard and
positive pregnancy test. She had the history of 3 cesarean sections and a uterine curettage. Untrasonography revealed
cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy. The serum level of β-hCG was 109063 mIU/ml. Two doses of systemic methotrexate
therapy and intragestational sac injection of methotrexate and potassium chloride were administered. 8 weeks after the
initial treatment, β-hCG level became undetectable.

Conclusion:

Combined medical treatment with local and systemic MTX administration may be a successful treatment
with low complication even in the presence of high serum β-hCG level.
Effect of Antiretroviral Drugs on Liver Biochemical Parameters of HIV/AIDS-Infected Pregnant Women in Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Udalor Gordon I. E. , Okwuosa Chukwugozie N. , Uchendu Ikenna K. , Agu Chidozie E.
Published: October 2020

Background and Objective:

Certain liver diseases are uniquely associated with pregnancy, whereas others are
unrelated. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)-associated hepatic toxicity is of increasing concern in the
management of patients with HIV/AIDS. There is no available data on whether pregnancy is associated with an increased
risk of liver damage and chronic liver damage in HIV-positive women on HAART. We evaluated the effects of
antiretroviral drugs on the liver biochemical parameters in HIV-infected pregnant women.

Methods:

Using cross-sectional survey design, 171 women were exclusively screened for hepatitis B and hepatitis C
infections; grouped as 50 HIV sero-negative pregnant women, 20 newly diagnosed HIV-infected pregnant women
(treatment-naïve), 51 HIV-infected pregnant women already on HAART, 12 non-pregnant infected females (treatmentnaive) and 38 non-pregnant HIV-infected women on HAART. Liver biomarkers were determined using standard methods.
Student’s t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s Post-HOC multiple comparison tests
were used to analyse the results.

Results:

The Aspatate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Total
Bilirubin (TB) levels in HIV-infected pregnant women on HAART were elevated. The AST (29.40±4.35 U/L) of naïve
HIV-infected pregnant women was significantly low (p<0.05) compared to non-pregnant naive HIV-infected women with
AST (53.36±5.92 U/L). Also, the ALP (272.5±22.79 U/L) and TP (80.9±4.40 g/L) of naïve HIV-infected pregnant women
were highly significant (p<0.05) compared to non-pregnant naive HIV-infected women with ALP and TP levels of
(200.30±12.74 U/L) and (63.70±6.50) g/L respectively. On the basis of trimester, HIV-positive pregnant women on
HAART had significantly higher levels of liver markers when compared with that of HIVsero-negative pregnant women.

Interpretation and Conclusion:

Pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of liver damage and chronic liver damage in
HIV-positive women on HAART.
Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Stem Cells: Features and Therapeutic Effects on Neurogenerative and Hepatobiliary-pancreatic Diseases
Authors: Wahab Nurul W.A. , Guad Rhanye M. , Subramaniyan Vetriselvan , Fareez Ismail M. , Choy Ker W. , Bonam Srinivasa R. , Selvaraju Chandrasekaran , Sim Maw S. , Gopinath Subash C.B. , Wu Yuan S.
Published: October 2020

Stem cells can multiply into more cells with similar types in an undifferentiated form
and differentiate into other types of cells. The great success and key essence of stem cell technology
is the isolation of high-quality Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) with high potency, either with
multipotent or pluripotent property. In this line, Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous
teeth (SHEDs) are highly proliferative stem cells from dental pulp and have multipoint differentiation
capacity. These cells play a pivotal role in regenerative medicine, such as cell repair associated
with neurodegenerative, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic diseases. In addition, stem cell therapy has
been widely used to regulate immune response and repair of tissue lesions. This overview captured
the differential biological characteristics, and the potential role of stem cell technology and paid
special attention to human welfare SHEDs in eliminating the above-mentioned diseases. This review
provides further insights into stem cell technology by expanding the therapeutic potential of
SHEDs in tissue engineering and cell organ repairs.
Targeted Drug Delivery to Cancer Stem Cells through Nanotechnological Approaches
Authors: Sun Wenjiao , Chen Guoliang , Du Fangyu , Li Xiaohu
Published: October 2020

Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor development, invasion and metastasis
and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, treatment strategies have turned to
targeting CSCs, and utilizing nanotechnological approaches to target CSCs has become increasingly
fascinating. Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs), such as metallic NPs, liposomes, polymeric
NPs, albumin microspheres and nanomicelles, can easily cross the cytoplasmic membrane and accumulate
at their targets to continuously release therapeutic agents in response to the characteristics
of the tumor microenvironment. Different kinds of NPs possess different characteristics. Inducing
immune responses might be the disadvantage they commonly owned through the summary and
analysis of these NPs. For natural polymers, they have many attractive properties, but deficiencies
also exist such as poor water-solubility, high viscosity, high permeability, etc. The drug-encapsulated
NPs launched in the market and those in the clinical trials exhibit a bright prospect in cancer targeted
therapy. In addition, the application of nanodiagnostic techniques, such as nanocantilever
and DNA microarray technology and early cancer detection has become an indispensable component
in clinical practice to improve in vivo detection and enhance targeting efficiency. This review
mainly determines the species and usages of NPs in drug delivery and disease diagnosis, the delivery
mechanisms of NPs, the main factors that affect nanomedicine efficiency and toxicity and the
further trends in the development of targeted therapy. Nevertheless, more and deeper investigations
are still needed to avert potential adverse effects and improve the delivery efficiency to achieve better
therapeutic effects.
Gene Selection in Multi-class Imbalanced Microarray Datasets Using Dynamic Length Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Priya R. Devi , Sivaraj R.
Published: October 2020

Background:

Microarray gene expression datasets usually contain a large number of genes
that complicate further operations like classification, clustering and other kinds of analysis. During the
classification process, the identification of salient genes is a brainstorming task and needs a careful selection.

Methods:

The classification of multi-class datasets is more critical when compared with binary classification.
When there are multiple class labels, chances are more likely that the datasets are imbalanced.
Large variations can be seen in the number of samples belonging to each class, and hence the classification
process may go biased with incorrect samples chosen for training. There is no sufficient research
work available to address all these three scenarios together in microarray datasets.

Results and Discussion:

The paper fills this gap with the following contributions: i) Selects salient
genes for classification using multiSURF algorithm ii) Identifies right instances from imbalanced datasets
using Retained Tomek Link algorithm and iii) Performs gene selection for multi-class classification
using Dynamic Length Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO).

Conclusion:

The proposed method is implemented on multi-class imbalanced microarray datasets, and
the final classification performance is seen to be encouraging and better than other compared methods.
Deep Learning in Disease Diagnosis: Models and Datasets
Authors: Saxena Deeksha , Siddiqui Mohammed Haris , Kumar Rajnish
Published: October 2020

Background:

Deep learning (DL) is an Artificial neural network-driven framework with
multiple levels of representation for which non-linear modules combined in such a way that the levels
of representation can be enhanced from lower to a much abstract level. Though DL is used widely in
almost every field, it has largely brought a breakthrough in biological sciences as it is used in disease
diagnosis and clinical trials. DL can be clubbed with machine learning, but at times both are used individually
as well. DL seems to be a better platform than machine learning as the former does not require
an intermediate feature extraction and works well with larger datasets. DL is one of the most discussed
fields among scientists and researchers these days for diagnosing and solving various biological problems.
However, deep learning models need some improvisation and experimental validations to be
more productive.

Objective:

To review the available DL models and datasets that are used in disease diagnosis.

Methods:

Available DL models and their applications in disease diagnosis were reviewed discussed
and tabulated. Types of datasets and some of the popular disease-related data sources for DL were
highlighted.

Results:

We have analyzed the frequently used DL methods, data types, and discussed some of the recent
deep learning models used for solving different biological problems.

Conclusion:

The review presents useful insights about DL methods, data types, and selection of DL
models for the disease diagnosis.
An Intimate Alliance of DNA-Damage Response Network with Cell-Cycle Checkpoints Amid Events of Uncontrolled Cellular Proliferation: A Mini- Review
Authors: Chatterjee Aroni , Rajarshi Keshav , Khan Rajni , Ghosh Hiya , Kapoor Sonia , Ray Shashikant
Published: October 2020

There is close interdependence between cell survival, cell senescence, events of the cell
cycle, apoptosis, malignancy development, and tumor responses to cancer treatment. Intensive
studies and elaborate researches have been conducted on the functional aspects of oncogenes, tumor
suppressor genes, apoptotic genes, and members guiding cell cycle regulation. These disquisitions
have put forward the existence of a highly organized response pathway termed as a DNA-damage
response network. The pathways detecting DNA damage and signaling are intensively linked
to the events of cell-cycle arrest, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell senescence. DNA damage responses
are complex systems that incorporate specific “sensor” and “transducer” proteins, for assessment
of damage and signal transmission, respectively. These signals are thereafter relayed upon
various “effector” proteins involved in different cellular pathways. It may include those governing
cell-cycle checkpoints, participating in DNA repair, cell senescence, and apoptosis. This review
discusses the role of the tumour suppressor gene, oncogenes, cell cycle checkpoint regulators
during DNA damage response and regulation.
Design and Cutting Performance Analysis of Spiral Drum
Authors: Tian Zhen , Jing Shuangxi , Zhao Lijuan , Gao Shan
Published: October 2020

Background:

The spiral drum is the working mechanism of the coal shearer, whether the design of spiral drum
is reasonable or not will directly affect the cutting performance, which has an important impact on the reliability,
productivity and working stability of coal shearer.

Objective:

In order to improve the working performance of spiral drum, a program for the structural design and load
calculation of the spiral drum was developed. According to the parameters of MG400 / 951-WD shearer, two types of
spiral drum were designed.

Methods:

The distribution of cutting resistance moment and cutting power of two types of spiral drum were obtained. The
stress of the key parts and the acceleration of spiral drum centroid were obtained by the dynamic simulation.

Results:

According to the analysis of the cutting performance of the spiral drum combined with the results of the dynamic
analysis of the shearer, the appropriate spiral drum was selected to match with the MG400/951-WD shearer.

Conclusion:

The accuracy of the analysis method was verified by tracking the production process of the finalized shearer.
The results provide a certain reference for the comprehensive evaluation of the cutting performance of spiral drum.
Information checking as a form of character management in education
Authors: Zulfah Zulfah , Shofa Rizka Amalia
Published: October 2020

Research with information checking as a form of character management in education aims to determine the level of curiosity and responsibility of society, in this case, young people to report, to see how they manage the information obtained and disseminated. This research was conducted by survey method. The sampling technique using proportionate stratified random sampling to get a sample from the population in Vocational Health of Sadewa Yogyakarta. Instruments data acquisition using a questionnaire that contained 15 questions covering questions in the curiosity and responsibility for the information obtained. Based on the data obtained, it was found that there is a nursing class score of interest is 134, and commitment is 98. While the pharmaceutical grade score of curiosity is 148, and accountability is 78. The item of interest looked more significant than the things responsible for the information. Based on the calculation to be obtained percentage nursing class of 65.5% and pharmaceutical grade amounted to 67.25%. It is certainly still far from the ideals percentage of 100%. So it needs more attention to the cultivation of character the young generation in the era of freedom of information.
Directive speech act in President Joko Widodo's speech related to handling coronavirus (Covid-19) in Indonesia (Pragmatic review)
Authors: Sari Desi Novita , Utomo Asep Purwo Yudi
Published: October 2020

Knowing the type of speech act is very important to understand to see the kind of speech act and its meaning and purpose behind the utterance. The purpose of this study is to describe the types, forms, and meanings or intentions of speech acts in the president's speech related to the handling of the coronavirus, especially with pragmatic studies. The type of research used is qualitative research. This study's data source is the video source contained in the upload of an account on Youtube. The data in this study are all speech acts, which are directive speech acts. The data collection techniques used are recording, observation, observation, and note-taking. The results showed: first, the directive speech acts consist of speech acts by asking, inviting, pleading, ordering, and prohibiting. Second, the speech act is in the form of an oral form, an utterance uttered by the president in his speech regarding the coronavirus's handling, which tends to be qualitative. Third, the purpose of this directive speech act has several meanings, namely to influence, invite, something, tell or explain something, expect attention, forbid, praise, criticize, and as a form of channeling complaints.
Copyright issue on music back sound usage by Indonesian YouTuber
Authors: Wijayanto Xenia Angelica , Nurhajati Lestari
Published: October 2020

According to We Are Social research in January 2018, Indonesia's population now is 265,4 million, while its social media active users reached 130 million. 43% of people are using Youtube as their primary social media. This situation shows us that Youtube is still the most used and liked social media channel, followed closely by Facebook and Whatsapp. The vlogger phenomenon is also getting stronger among Indonesian young people. The increasing number of Youtube content production ranged from artists, public figures, and ordinary people, also known as Youtuber. One of the famous Youtuber is Raditya Dika, whose subscriber reached more than 3.3 million, and estimated income per year around USD 46 thousand to USD 739 thousand. The problem that arises is about the copyright violation in background music used by Indonesian Youtuber. This research tries to dig further data about the youtube policy in protecting the copyright issue in that area. This research uses a discourse analysis method on 15 videos from the top 5 Youtuber in Indonesia as the unit of analysis. The result shows that some Youtuber still violate the copyright issue while using background music on their Youtube materials production.
Co-Designing a Mobile App to Improve Mental Health and Well-Being: Focus Group Study
Authors: Alqahtani Felwah , Winn Andrea , Orji Rita
Published: October 2020

Background

Recent advances in mobile technology have created opportunities to develop mobile apps to aid and assist people in achieving various health and wellness goals. Mental health apps hold significant potential to assist people affected by various mental health issues at any time they may need it, considering the ubiquitous nature of mobile phones. However, there is a need for research to explore and understand end users’ perceptions, needs, and concerns with respect to such technologies.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to explore the opinions, perceptions, preferences, and experiences of people who have experienced some form of mental health issues based on self-diagnosis to inform the design of a next-generation mental health app that would be substantially more engaging and effective than the currently available apps to improve mental health and well-being.

Methods

We conducted six focus group sessions with people who had experienced mental health issues based on self-diagnosis (average age 26.7 years, SD 23.63; 16/32, 50% male; 16/32, 50% female). We asked participants about their experiences with mental health issues and their viewpoints regarding two existing mental health apps (the Happify app and the Self-Help Anxiety Management app). Finally, participants were engaged in a design session where they each sketched a design for their ideal mental health and well-being mobile app.

Results

Our findings revealed that participants used strategies to deal with their mental health issues: doing something to distract themselves from their current negative mood, using relaxation exercises and methods to relieve symptoms, interacting with others to share their issues, looking for an external source to solve their problems, and motivating themselves by repeating motivational sentences to support themselves or by following inspirational people. Moreover, regarding the design of mental health apps, participants identified that general design characteristics; personalization of the app, including tracking and feedback, live support, and social community; and providing motivational content and relaxation exercises are the most important features that users want in a mental health app. In contrast, games, relaxation audio, the Google map function, personal assistance to provide suggestions, goal setting, and privacy preservation were surprisingly the least requested features.

Conclusions

Understanding end users’ needs and concerns about mental health apps will inform the future design of mental health apps that are useful to and used by many people.
Mapping Evidence of Neonatal Resuscitation Training on the Practices of Unskilled Birth Attendants in Low-Resource Countries: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Olaniyi Adenike Adebola , Ncama Busisiwe Purity , Amod Hafaza
Published: October 2020

Background

Competence in neonatal resuscitation of the newborn is very critical to ensure the safety and well-being of newborn infants. The acquisition of neonatal resuscitation skills by birth attendants improves self-efficacy, thereby reducing neonatal mortality as a result of asphyxia. Approximately one-quarter of all neonatal deaths globally are caused by birth asphyxia. The need for neonatal resuscitation is most imperative in resource-constrained settings, where access to intrapartum obstetric care is inadequate.

Objective

This protocol describes the methodology of a scoping review on evidence of training in neonatal resuscitation and its association with practice in low-resource countries. The aim of the review is to map the available evidence of neonatal resuscitation training on the practices of unskilled birth attendants.

Methods

The scoping review will use the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, refined by Levac et al, and published by Joanna Briggs Institute, while following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. The search strategy was developed with the assistance of the college librarian. A number of databases of peer-reviewed research (PsycINFO and Wiley Online Library [via EBSCOhost], PubMed, MEDLINE with full text, Google Scholar [via ScienceDirect], and CINAHL Plus with full text [via EBSCOhost]) and databases committed to grey literature sources will be searched, and reference extraction will be performed. Two independent reviewers will screen and extract data, and discrepancies will be resolved by a third reviewer. The extracted data will undergo a descriptive analysis of contextual data and a quantitative analysis using appropriate statistical methods.

Results

Data relating to neonatal resuscitation training and practices in low-resource settings will be extracted and included for analysis. We expect that the review will be completed 12 months from the publication of this protocol.

Conclusions

This scoping review will focus on the review of evidence and provide an insight into the existing literature to guide further research and identify implementation strategies to improve the practices of unskilled birth attendants through the acquisition of skills and self-efficacy in neonatal resuscitation. The results of this review will be presented at relevant conferences related to newborn and child health and neonatal nursing studies and published in a peer-reviewed journal.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/18935
Experiences of Psychotherapists With Remote Psychotherapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Web-Based Survey Study
Authors: Humer Elke , Stippl Peter , Pieh Christoph , Pryss Rüdiger , Probst Thomas
Published: October 2020

Background

The current situation around the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures necessary to fight it are creating challenges for psychotherapists, who usually treat patients face-to-face with personal contact. The pandemic is accelerating the use of remote psychotherapy (ie, psychotherapy provided via telephone or the internet). However, some psychotherapists have expressed reservations regarding remote psychotherapy. As psychotherapists are the individuals who determine the frequency of use of remote psychotherapy, the potential of enabling mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic in line with the protective measures to fight COVID-19 can be realized only if psychotherapists are willing to use remote psychotherapy.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the experiences of psychotherapists with remote psychotherapy in the first weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown in Austria (between March 24 and April 1, 2020).

Methods

Austrian psychotherapists were invited to take part in a web-based survey. The therapeutic orientations of the psychotherapists (behavioral, humanistic, psychodynamic, or systemic), their rating of the comparability of remote psychotherapy (web- or telephone-based) with face-to-face psychotherapy involving personal contact, and potential discrepancies between their actual experiences and previous expectations with remote psychotherapy were assessed. Data from 1162 psychotherapists practicing before and during the COVID-19 lockdown were analyzed.

Results

Psychotherapy conducted via telephone or the internet was reported to not be totally comparable to psychotherapy with personal contact (P<.001). Psychodynamic (P=.001) and humanistic (P=.005) therapists reported a higher comparability of telephone-based psychotherapy to in-person psychotherapy than behavioral therapists. Experiences with remote therapy (both web- and telephone-based) were more positive than previously expected (P<.001). Psychodynamic therapists reported more positive experiences with telephone-based psychotherapy than expected compared to behavioral (P=.03) and systemic (P=.002) therapists. In general, web-based psychotherapy was rated more positively (regarding comparability to psychotherapy with personal contact and experiences vs expectations) than telephone-based psychotherapy (P<.001); however, psychodynamic therapists reported their previous expectations to be equal to their actual experiences for both telephone- and web-based psychotherapy.

Conclusions

Psychotherapists found their experiences with remote psychotherapy (ie, web- or telephone-based psychotherapy) to be better than expected but found that this mode was not totally comparable to face-to-face psychotherapy with personal contact. Especially, behavioral therapists were found to rate telephone-based psychotherapy less favorably than therapists with other theoretical backgrounds.
Effect of a Smartphone-Based App on the Quality of Life of Patients With Heart Failure: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Davoudi Mahboube , Najafi Ghezeljeh Tahereh , Vakilian Aghouee Farveh
Published: October 2020

Background

Patients with heart failure have low quality of life because of physical impairments and advanced clinical symptoms. One of the main goals of caring for patients with heart failure is to improve their quality of life.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the use of a smartphone-based app on the quality of life of patients with heart failure.

Methods

This randomized controlled clinical trial with a control group was conducted from June to October 2018 in an urban hospital. In this study, 120 patients with heart failure hospitalized in cardiac care units were randomly allocated to control and intervention groups. Besides routine care, patients in the intervention group received a smartphone-based app and used it every day for 3 months. Both the groups completed the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire before entering the study and at 3 months after entering the study. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software V.16.

Results

The groups showed statistically significant differences in the mean scores of quality of life and its dimensions after the intervention, thereby indicating a better quality of life in the intervention group (P<.001). The effect size of the intervention on the quality of life was 1.85 (95% CI 1.41-2.3). Moreover, the groups showed statistically significant differences in the changes in the quality of life scores and its dimensions (P<.001).

Conclusions

Use of a smartphone-based app can improve the quality of life in patients with heart failure. The results of our study recommend that digital apps be used for improving the management of patients with heart failure.

Trial Registration

Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT2017061934647N1; https://www.irct.ir/trial/26434
Deployment of a Smart Handwashing Station in a School Setting During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Field Study
Authors: Herbert Jeremy , Horsham Caitlin , Ford Helen , Wall Alexander , Hacker Elke
Published: October 2020

Background

Hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways to remove germs, prevent the spread of infectious pathogens, and avoid getting sick. Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, health authorities have been advocating good hand hygiene practices.

Objective

The primary aim of this study is to field test a prototype smart handwashing station deployed in a school setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We deployed a smart handwashing station and examined key technological considerations including connectivity, security, and data management systems, as well as the health and safety of users.

Results

The smart handwashing station was deployed for 10 days in a school setting in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The smart handwashing station’s electrical components remained operational during field testing and underwent robust cleaning protocols each day. The handwashing station was used 1138 times during the field test and there was no COVID-19 transmission at the school during the testing.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that a personalized feedback approach using technology can successfully be implemented at a school and can provide a platform to improve hand hygiene among school-aged children.
Carotid Endarterectomy Versus Carotid Artery Stenting: Survey of the Quality, Readability, and Treatment Preference of Carotid Artery Disease Websites
Authors: Strauss Shira , Yacob Michael , Bhandari Apoorva , Jetty Prasad
Published: October 2020

Background

The internet is becoming increasingly more important in the new era of patient self-education. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) are recognized interventions to treat patients with carotid artery stenosis. Using the Google search platform, patients encounter many websites with conflicting information, which are sometimes difficult to understand. This lack of accessibility creates uncertainty or bias toward interventions for carotid artery disease. The quality, readability, and treatment preference of carotid artery disease (CAD) websites have not yet been evaluated.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the quality, readability, and treatment preference of CAD websites.

Methods

We searched Google Canada for 10 CAD-related keywords. Returned links were assessed for publication date, medical specialty and industry affiliation, presence of randomized controlled trial data, differentiation by symptomatic status, and favored treatment. Website quality and readability were rated by the DISCERN instrument and Gunning Fog Index.

Results

We identified 54 unique sites: 18 (33.3%) by medical societies or individual physicians, 11 (20.4%) by government organizations, 9 (16.7%) by laypersons, and 1 (1.9%) that was industry-sponsored. Of these sites, 26 (48.1%) distinguished symptomatic from asymptomatic CAD. A majority of sites overall (57.4%) and vascular-affiliated (72.7%) favored CEA. In contrast, radiology- and cardiology-affiliated sites demonstrated the highest proportion of sites favoring CAS, though they were equally likely to favor CEA. A large proportion (21/54, 38.9%) of sites received poor quality ratings (total DISCERN score <48), and the majority (41/54, 75.9%) required a reading level greater than a high school senior.

Conclusions

CAD websites are often produced by government organizations, medical societies, or physicians, especially vascular surgeons. Sites ranged in quality, readability, and differentiation by symptomatic status. Google searches of CAD-related terms are more likely to yield sites favoring CEA. Future research should determine the extent of website influence on CAD patients’ treatment decisions.