bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of methyl‐modified silyl groups on the properties of polymers and Si/B/N/C ceramics derived from N‐silylated borazine derivatives
Authors: Schurz Fanny , Jansen Martin
Published: August 2012

Thermal silazane cleavage of dichloroboryldisilylamines (SiClmMe3−m)N(SiMe3)(BCl2) (1: m = 1; 2: m = 2) at 196 °C leads to the borazine derivates [(SiClmMe3−m)NB(ClnMe1−n)]3 (3: m = 1, n = 0.185; 4: m = 2, n = 0.111) characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction structure analyses reveal (BN)3 units with unusual twisted boat conformations in both compounds. Additionally, more detailed studies are done to clear up the function of the by‐products (SiClmMe3−m)N(SiClMe2)(BClMe) formed during the cyclization step leading to asymmetrically boron substituted borazine derivatives. The single‐source precursors 3 and 4 were cross‐linked with methylamine producing polymers 3P and 4P, which were transformed into black amorphous materials with ceramic yields of 20.8 % and 50.3 %, respectively. Ceramic 4C (Si1.00B0.98 N2.55 C1.37O0.05) was further investigated by 11B and 29Si magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. A combined study of high‐temperature TG analyses and X‐ray powder diffraction analyses confirms the thermal stability of 4C up to 1670 °C. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and swelling behaviors of porous hemicellulose‐g‐polyacrylamide hydrogels
Authors: Sun Xiao‐Feng , Jing Zhanxin , Wang Guangzheng
Published: August 2012

Novel porous hydrogels were successfully synthesized from hemicelluloses (HCs) and acrylamide (Am) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as the porogen. The prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the used PEG was not involved in the formation process of the hydrogels, and the HC‐g‐polyacrylamide hydrogels displayed a higher thermal stability than the hemicellulosic polymer. SEM analysis confirmed that the prepared hydrogels had porous structures. The effects of the Am/HC ratio, the amount and molecular weight of PEG and the amount of the crosslinker N,N‐methylene bisacrylamide on the swelling ratio of the prepared hydrogels were investigated in detail. The experimental data were fitted with the exponential heuristic equation and the Schott second‐order dynamic equation. The diffusion of water molecules into the hydrogel network was found to be non‐Fickian in behavior, and the swelling kinetics could be described by the Schott second‐order dynamic equation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Effects of periodic and non‐periodic chaotic mixing on morphology development of immiscible polymer blends
Authors: Wang Jia‐Jun , Yang Yi‐Wei , Gu Xue‐Ping , Feng Lian‐Fang
Published: August 2012

The effects of periodic and non‐periodic chaotic mixing on the morphology development in the blending of polypropylene as dispersed phase and polyamide 6 as continuous phase in a 2D batch chaotic mixer were investigated with experimental and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) methods. The rotor motions were delivered in steady, periodic (sine waveform and square waveform), and non‐periodic (recursive protocol (RP) and restricted random sequence (RRS)) manners. The mixing efficiency was evaluated with flow number, Poincare map, morphology, droplet size and its distribution. Compared with the sine waveform, RP waveform could eliminate the island structures which existed in the flow domains and its corresponding spatial stretching distribution was more uniform. The recursively generated flow using RP lead to higher mixing efficiency and smaller droplet size with narrow distribution. However, the performance of RRS was ordinary even worse due to its random sequence.© 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
A massive spoonbill stopover episode: identifying emergency sites for the conservation of migratory waterbird populations
Authors: Overdijk O. , Navedo J. G.
Published: August 2012

The existence of emergency sites could reduce the mortality rate associated with stochastic adverse weather conditions experienced by migratory waterbirds. However, as they are not regularly used by significant fractions of any population they are not integrated within conservation strategies.

A massive stopover of Eurasian spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) occurred simultaneously at three coastal wetlands in northern Spain (Txingudi, Urdaibai and Santoña) during 3 consecutive days in September 2011. By analysing the resightings of PVC‐ringed birds it was estimated that it comprised 18% of the population. At least 23% of these birds made short journeys between sites, the majority (77%) overwintering in Africa. A higher percentage of spoonbills that stopped over at Txingudi overwinter in Africa compared with the other areas.

During September 2011 there were more periods of consecutive days with adverse wind conditions than any other year. Furthermore, wind conditions during the massive stopover, as well as precipitation, exerted a continuous negative influence on the resumption of migration, lasting 3 consecutive days.

The scarcity of consecutive days with favourable winds and adverse weather conditions further encountered once en route probably led to an emergency strategy developed by a significant fraction of a spoonbill population, with several birds choosing then to make a short diversion in a westerly direction from Txingudi. Since this stopover site usually appears to be skipped during migration, it will not fit Ramsar Criterion 6 for spoonbills even after including the massive stopover (c. 7%), because average numbers will hardly satisfy the requisite of ‘regularly supporting’ a population.

A criterion is proposed to identify emergency sites for the conservation of migratory waterbird populations thus improving landscape connectivity and accounting better for long‐term natural variability associated with stochastic adverse events. Being a flagship and umbrella species, the recognition of emergency sites for spoonbills would help the conservation of other associated waterbirds.

Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Non‐Redox‐Metal‐Catalyzed Redox Reactions: Zinc Catalysts
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: August 2012

The advantages of zinc catalysts, such as their low toxicity, low cost, and environmentally benignity, are encouraging organic chemists to explore their applications in organic synthesis. As a non‐redox metal, zinc catalysts have been investigated in redox reactions over the past few decades. Because of the importance of redox reactions, the interest in zinc catalysts, and the fact that no review on zinc‐catalyzed redox reactions has been published, herein, I have collected and summarized the main contributions in this area. This review is divided into two parts: reduction reactions and oxidation reactions.
A comparison of three Met Office wind observing systems
Authors: Sloan C. , Clark M. R.
Published: August 2012

Results of a side‐by‐side comparison of wind speed, as measured by three Met Office observing systems, are presented. Mean wind speeds as measured by each system differed by < 1.0 knots (0.5 m s−1) at wind speeds of up to 30 knots (15.4 m s−1). Although differences increased slightly with increasing wind speed, they remained within user‐specified accuracy limits over the whole range of wind speeds experienced. The trial set‐up involved the mounting of anemometers on a single mast. Although a slight sheltering of anemometers occurred at given wind directions, the effect on the overall wind speed differences was negligible. © 2012 British Crown copyright, the Met Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Hygroscopic growth and cloud activation of pollen: a laboratory and modelling study
Authors: Griffiths P. T. , Borlace J.‐S. , Gallimore P. J. , Kalberer M. , Herzog M. , Pope F. D.
Published: August 2012

This study investigates the hygroscopic growth of pollen. An electrodynamic balance was used to measure the water uptake on pollen and an environmental scanning electron microscope was used to visualize the response of the pollen to subsaturated humidities. Pollen was found to be moderately hygroscopic and its surface wettable at high humidities. The hygroscopicity data were parameterized using κ‐Köhler theory and used in a rising parcel cloud model to investigate the effect of pollen on sulfate activation. Our data suggest that extreme pollen concentrations (>1000 m−3) may interfere with the activation of the background sulphate aerosol mode in pristine environments. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
The role of soil moisture–atmosphere coupling in summer light precipitation variability over East Asia
Authors: Wu Lingyun , Zhang Jingyong , Huang Gang
Published: August 2012

This study investigates the role of soil moisture feedbacks in influencing interannual variability of summer light precipitation frequency over East Asia by analyzing two long‐term simulations with and without interactive soil moisture using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Noah land model. It is shown that soil moisture–atmosphere coupling significantly amplifies interannual variability of summer light precipitation frequency over many areas, in particular the climatic and ecological transition zones, contributing to 30–60% of the variance. The results suggest that soil moisture‐atmosphere coupling constitutes an important cause explaining the variations of summer light precipitation events over East Asia. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Alte Obstsorten erhalten: das Boomgarden‐Projekt
Authors: Högermann Christiane
Published: August 2012

Vor dem Hintergrund, dass alte norddeutsche Apfelsorten in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten zunehmend aus dem Sortenrepertoire verschwunden sind, hat der Obstbauer Eckart Brandt ein Projekt zu ihrem Erhalt ins Leben gerufen. Dabei stehen die mit dem vielfältigen genetischen Material verbundene Biodiversität, natürliche Resistenzen gegen Schädlinge sowie geschmackliche Besonderheiten im Vordergrund.
Randomized clinical trial of endoluminal locoregional resection versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for T2 rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Lezoche E , Baldarelli M , Lezoche G , Paganini A M , Gesuita R , Guerrieri M
Published: August 2012

Background

In selected patients with early low rectal cancer, locoregional excision combined with neoadjuvant therapy may be an alternative treatment option to total mesorectal excision (TME).

Methods

This prospective randomized trial compared endoluminal locoregional resection (ELRR) by transanal endoscopic microsurgery versus laparoscopic TME in the treatment of patients with small non-advanced low rectal cancer. Patients with rectal cancer staged clinically as cT2 N0 M0, histological grade G1–2, with a tumour less than 3 cm in diameter, within 6 cm of the anal verge, were randomized to ELRR or TME. All patients underwent long-course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Results

Fifty patients in each group were analysed. Overall tumour downstaging and downsizing rates after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were 51 and 26 per cent respectively, and were similar in both groups. All patients had R0 resection with tumour-free resection margins. At long-term follow-up, local recurrence had developed in four patients (8 per cent) after ELRR and three (6 per cent) after TME. Distant metastases were observed in two patients (4 per cent) in each group. There was no statistically significant difference in disease-free survival (P = 0·686).

Conclusion

In selected patients, ELRR had similar oncological results to TME. Unique Protocol ID: URBINO-LEZ-1995; registration number: NCT01609504 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Real-time computed tomography-based augmented reality for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery navigation
Authors: Azagury D E , Ryou M , Shaikh S N , San José Estépar R , Lengyel B I , Jagadeesan J , Vosburgh K G , Thompson C C
Published: August 2012

Background

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is technically challenging owing to endoscopic short-sighted visualization, excessive scope flexibility and lack of adequate instrumentation. Augmented reality may overcome these difficulties. This study tested whether an image registration system for NOTES procedures (IR-NOTES) can facilitate navigation.

Methods

In three human cadavers 15 intra-abdominal organs were targeted endoscopically with and without IR-NOTES via both transgastric and transcolonic routes, by three endoscopists with different levels of expertise. Ease of navigation was evaluated objectively by kinematic analysis, and navigation complexity was determined by creating an organ access complexity score based on the same data.

Results

Without IR-NOTES, 21 (11·7 per cent) of 180 targets were not reached (expert endoscopist 3, advanced 7, intermediate 11), compared with one (1 per cent) of 90 with IR-NOTES (intermediate endoscopist) (P = 0·002). Endoscope movements were significantly less complex in eight of the 15 listed organs when using IR-NOTES. The most complex areas to access were the pelvis and left upper quadrant, independently of the access route. The most difficult organs to access were the spleen (5 failed attempts; 3 of 7 kinematic variables significantly improved) and rectum (4 failed attempts; 5 of 7 kinematic variables significantly improved). The time needed to access the rectum through a transgastric approach was 206·3 s without and 54·9 s with IR-NOTES (P = 0·027).

Conclusion

The IR-NOTES system enhanced both navigation efficacy and ease of intra-abdominal NOTES exploration for operators of all levels. The system rendered some organs accessible to non-expert operators, thereby reducing one impediment to NOTES procedures.
Randomized clinical trial of robot-assisted versus standard laparoscopic right colectomy
Authors: Park J S , Choi G-S , Park S Y , Kim H J , Ryuk J P
Published: August 2012

Background

Robotic surgery was invented to overcome the demerits of laparoscopic technique. However, it is unclear whether robot-assisted colectomy (RAC) has significant clinical advantages over laparoscopically assisted colectomy (LAC) in treating colonic cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes of RAC versus LAC for right-sided colonic cancer.

Methods

Patients with right-sided colonic cancer were randomized to receive RAC or LAC. The primary outcome measure was length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes were duration of operation, morbidity, postoperative pain, hospital costs and pathological quality of the specimen.

Results

Of 71 patients randomized, 70 (35 in each group) were included in the analysis. Hospital stay, surgical complications, postoperative pain score, resection margin clearance and number of lymph nodes harvested were similar in both groups. The duration of surgery was longer in the RAC group (195 versus 130 min; P < 0·001). No conversion to open surgery was needed in either group. Overall hospital costs were significantly higher for RAC (US $ 12 235 versus $ 10 320; P = 0·013); the higher costs were attributed primarily to the costs of surgery, including consumables.

Conclusion

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic right colectomy was feasible but provided no benefit to justify the greater cost. Registration number: NCT01042743 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Repeat hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Adair R A , Young A L , Cockbain A J , Malde D , Prasad K R , Lodge J P A , Toogood G J
Published: August 2012

Background

Some 75–80 per cent of patients undergoing liver resection for colorectal liver metastases develop intrahepatic recurrence. A significant number of these can be considered for repeat liver surgery. This study examined the outcomes of repeat liver resection for the treatment of recurrent colorectal metastases confined to the liver.

Methods

Patients who underwent repeat liver resection in a single tertiary referral hepatobiliary centre were identified from a database. Clinicopathological variables were analysed to assess factors predictive of survival.

Results

A total of 195 patients underwent repeat resection between 1993 and 2010. Median age was 63 years, and the median interval between first and repeat resection was 13·8 months. Thirty-three patients (16·9 per cent) underwent completion hemihepatectomy or extended hemihepatectomy and the remainder had non-anatomical or segmental resection. The 30-day mortality rate was 1·5 per cent, and the overall 30-day morbidity rate was 20·0 per cent. Overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 91·2, 44·3 and 29·4 per cent respectively. Tumour size 5 cm or greater was the only independent predictor of overall survival (relative risk 1·71, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·08 to 2·70; P = 0·021). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before resection, perioperative blood transfusion, bilobar disease, R1 resection margin and multiple metastases were among factors that did not significantly influence survival.

Conclusion

Repeat hepatic resection remains the only curative option for patients presenting with recurrent colorectal liver metastases.
Intraoperative portal venous pressure and long-term outcome after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hidaka M , Takatsuki M , Soyama A , Tanaka T , Muraoka I , Hara T , Kuroki T , Kanematsu T , Eguchi S
Published: August 2012

Background

Outcomes of liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have improved owing to better surgical techniques and patient selection. Portal hypertension may influence outcome but the preoperative definition and role of portal hypertension are far from clear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the influence of portal venous pressure (PVP) measured directly during surgery on outcomes of liver resection in patients with HCC.

Methods

Patients who had resection of HCC between 1997 and 2009, and who underwent direct measurement of PVP immediately after laparotomy were enrolled. These patients were divided into groups with high (at least 20 cmH2O) and low (less than 20 cmH2O) PVP. The influence of PVP on overall and recurrence-free survival was analysed and prognostic factors were identified.

Results

A total of 177 patients were enrolled, 129 in the low-PVP group and 48 in the high-PVP group. The 5-year overall survival rate (63·7 versus 31 per cent; P < 0·001) and recurrence-free survival rate (52·5 versus 12 per cent; P < 0·001) were significantly higher in patients with low PVP. In multivariable analysis, two or more tumours, tumour diameter at least 5 cm, high PVP, grade B liver damage and Hepatic Activity Index (HAI) grade 7 or more were significant predictors of poorer survival after liver resection. Two or more tumours, tumour diameter at least 5 cm and HAI grade 7 or more were significant predictors of poorer recurrence-free survival.

Conclusion

High PVP was associated with poor long-term outcome after liver resection for HCC.
Epigenetic inactivation of inhibitor of differentiation 4 (Id4) correlates with prostate cancer
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Chinaranagari Swathi , Patel Divya , Carey Jason , Chaudhary Jaideep
Published: August 2012

The inhibitor of DNA‐binding (Id) proteins, Id1–4 are negative regulators of basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factors. As key regulators of cell cycle and differentiation, expression of Id proteins are increasingly observed in many cancers and associated with aggressiveness of the disease. Of all the four Id proteins, the expression of Id1, Id2, and to a lesser extent, Id3 in prostate cancer and the underlying molecular mechanism is relatively well known. On the contrary, our previous results demonstrated that Id4 acts as a potential tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. In the present study, we extend these observations and demonstrate that Id4 is down‐regulated in prostate cancer due to promoter hypermethylation. We used prostate cancer tissue microarrays to investigate Id4 expression. Methylation specific PCR on bisulfite treated DNA was used to determine methylation status of Id4 promoter in laser capture micro‐dissected normal, stroma and prostate cancer regions. High Id4 expression was observed in the normal prostate epithelial cells. In prostate cancer, a stage‐dependent decrease in Id4 expression was observed with majority of high grade cancers showing no Id4 expression. Furthermore, Id4 expression progressively decreased in prostate cancer cell line LNCaP and with no expression in androgen‐insensitive LNCaP‐C81 cell line. Conversely, Id4 promoter hypermethylation increased in LNCaP‐C81 cells suggesting epigenetic silencing. In prostate cancer samples, loss of Id4 expression was also associated with promoter hypermethylation. Our results demonstrate loss of Id4 expression in prostate cancer due to promoter hypermethylation. The data strongly support the role of Id4 as a tumor suppressor.
Initial use of the new GORE® septal occluder in patent foramen ovale closure: Implantation and preliminary results
Authors: MacDonald Simon T. , Daniels Matthew J. , Ormerod Oliver J.
Published: August 2012

Background

A number of devices are available for percutaneous closure of a clinically significant patent foramen ovale (PFO). The new GORE® septal occluder (GSO) is a nonself‐centering device consisting of an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene tube supported by a frame of nitinol wire conforming into a double disk. This study reports the first clinical GSO implantation experience.

Methods

GSO implantation in 20 consecutive patients is reported. Inclusion criteria were all patients referred with a significant PFO implicated in paradoxical embolism or transient right to left shunting causing desaturation. Procedures were performed under local anaesthesia and intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) in addition to fluoroscopy. Procedural data, acute and early closure rates were examined.

Results

All patients underwent successful day‐case device implantation. Eleven patients had previous stroke, five had transient ischemic attacks, two had a history suspicious of PFO‐related desaturation, and two had a history suspicious of PFO‐related peripheral thromboembolism. Acute closure rates on IVC injection bubble testing were 100% at implant and 100% (14/14) at 1 month. Average PFO balloon size was 8.0 ± 3.6(range 2.0–16.7) mm, mean fluoroscopic implantation time 3.0 ± 1.7(range 0.7–6.3) min, radiation dose 283 ± 340 (range 6–1,431) μGym2, and total procedural time 34.8 ± 8.0 (range 22–53) min. 5 × 20 mm2, 7 × 25 m2, 8 × 30 mm2 GSO devices were implanted, aiming for device size at least twice balloon PFO size. Cases included aneurysmal septums with up to 30 mm deviation and tunnels up to 12 mm long. Removal and repositioning of two devices was performed on two occasions after uncertainty about device locking. At 1 month follow‐up, two patients had brief self‐terminating episodes of suspected atrial fibrillation, all had normal resting ECGs. No thromboembolic/neurological events were reported.

Conclusions

The GSO can be implanted under local anaesthesia and ICE with low procedural and fluoroscopy times with high procedural success as a day case. No residual shunts were seen. This initial experience suggests that it is a safe and effective device for PFO closure. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Solar Fuels: Visible‐Light‐Driven Generation of Dihydrogen at p‐Type Silicon Electrocatalysed by Molybdenum Hydrides
Authors: Webster Lee R. , Ibrahim Saad K. , Wright Joseph A. , Pickett Christopher J.
Published: August 2012

We show that a robust molybdenum hydride system can sustain photoelectrocatalysis of a hydrogen evolution reaction at boron‐doped, hydrogen‐terminated, p‐type silicon. The photovoltage for the system is about 600–650 mV and the current densities, which can be sustained at the photocathode in non‐catalytic and catalytic regimes, are similar to those at a photoinert vitreous carbon electrode. The kinetics of electrocatalysed hydrogen evolution at the photocathode are also very similar to those measured at vitreous carbon—evidently visible light does not significantly perturb the catalytic mechanism. Importantly, we show that the doped (1–10 Ω cm) p‐type Si can function perfectly well in the dark as an ohmic conductor and this has allowed direct comparison of the cyclic voltammetric behaviour of the response of the system under dark and illuminated conditions at the same electrode. The p‐type Si we have employed optimally harvests light energy in the 600–700 nm region and with 37 mW cm−2 illumination in this range; the light to electrochemical energy conversion is estimated to be 2.8 %. The current yield of hydrogen under broad tungsten halide lamp illumination at 90 mW cm−2 is (91±5) % with a corresponding chemical yield of (98±5) %.
Hybrid Mesoporous‐Silica Materials Functionalized by PtII Complexes: Correlation between the Spatial Distribution of the Active Center, Photoluminescence Emission, and Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Mori Kohsuke , Watanabe Kentaro , Terai Yoshikazu , Fujiwara Yasufumi , Yamashita Hiromi
Published: August 2012

[Pt(tpy)Cl]Cl (tpy: terpyridine) was successfully anchored to a series of mesoporous‐silica materials that were modified with (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane with the aim of developing new inorganic–organic hybrid photocatalysts. Herein, the relationship between the luminescence characteristics and photocatalytic activities of these materials is examined as a function of Pt loading to define the spatial distribution of the Pt complex in the mesoporous channel. At low Pt loading, the Pt complex is located as an isolated species and exhibits strong photoluminescence emission at room temperature owing to metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (3MLCT) transitions (at about 530 nm). Energy‐ and/or electron‐transfer from 3MLCT to O2 generate potentially active oxygen species, which are capable of promoting the selective photooxidation of styrene derivatives. On the other hand, short Pt⋅⋅⋅Pt interactions are prominent at high loading and the metal‐metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (3MMLCT) transition is at about 620 nm. Such Pt complexes, which are situated close to each other, efficiently catalyze H2‐evolution reactions in aqueous media in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor (EDTA) under visible‐light irradiation. This study also investigates the effect of nanoconfinement on anchored guest complexes by considering the differences between the pore dimensions and structures of mesoporous‐silica materials.
Alloyed (ZnS)x(CuInS2)1−x Semiconductor Nanorods: Synthesis, Bandgap Tuning and Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Ye Chen , Regulacio Michelle D. , Lim Suo Hon , Xu Qing‐Hua , Han Ming‐Yong
Published: August 2012

Rod‐like nanocrystals of the semiconductor alloy (ZnS)x(CuInS2)1−x (ZCIS) have been colloidally prepared by using a one‐pot non‐injection‐based synthetic strategy. The ZCIS nanorods crystallize in the hexagonal wurtzite structure and display preferential growth in the direction of the c axis. The bandgap of these quarternary alloyed nanorods can be conveniently tuned by varying the ratio of ZnS to CuInS2. A non‐linear relationship between the bandgap and the alloy composition is observed. The ZCIS nanorods are found to exhibit promising photocatalytic behaviour in visible‐light‐driven degradation of Rhodamine B.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure Analysis of Tungsten Bronzes β‐SrTa2O6 and β′‐SrTa2O6 by Synchrotron X‐Ray and Neutron Powder Diffraction.
Authors: Lee Eunhye , Park Cheol‐Hee , Shoemaker Daniel P. , Avdeev Maxim , Kim Young‐Il
Published: August 2012

β′‐SrTa2O6 crystallizes in the space group P4/mbm with Z = 5.
ChemInform Abstract: Controlling the Activator Site to Tune Europium Valence in Oxyfluoride Phosphors.
Authors: Huang Kuan‐Wei , Chen Wei‐Ting , Chu Cheng‐I , Hu Shu‐Fen , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn , Cheng Bing‐Ming , Chen Jin‐Ming , Liu Ru‐Shi
Published: August 2012

The valence state of Eu in the new phosphor Ca12Al14O32F2:Eu3+ is tuned by replacing Al3+—F‐ by the dopant Si4+—O2‐.
ChemInform Abstract: NaCu(Ta1‐yNby)4O11 Solid Solution: A Tunable Band Gap Spanning the Visible‐Light Wavelengths.
Authors: Palasyuk Olena , Maggard Paul A.
Published: August 2012

The new title solid solution (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.7) is synthesized by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of Cu2O, Na2O, Nb2O5, and Ta2O5 (silica tubes, 950 °C, 4 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis of Three‐Dimensional Open‐Framework Beryllium Phosphites with 3,4‐Connected Networks.
Authors: Luo Daibing , Luo Xiuchao , Kang Maoping , Lin Zhien
Published: August 2012

The new compounds (III) and (IV) crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c with Z = 4 and Z = 8, resp.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetrabutylammonium Cation in a Homoleptic Environment of Borohydride Ligands: [(n‐Bu)4N][BH4] and [(n‐Bu)4N][Y(BH4)4].
Authors: Jaron T. , Wegner W. , Cyranski M. K. , Dobrzycki L. , Grochala W.
Published: August 2012

The new compound Bu4N[Y(BH4)4] (I) is synthesized in the absence of any solvent by milling of a 1:1 mixture of Bu4N(BH4) (II) and Y(BH4)3 (vibrational mill).
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Crystals Based on Keggin Anion and Mixed‐Valent Diruthenium Tetraacetate: [Ru2(CH3COO)4(H2O)2] 2[HnXW12O40]· [Ru2(CH3COO)4(H2O)Cl] ·12H2O (X: B, Si, Ge).
Authors: Liu Xuemei , Liu Bin , Xue Ganglin
Published: August 2012

Compounds (III) and (Vb) crystallize isostructurally in the tetragonal space group P4/n with Z = 2 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Development of the First Menthane‐Based Chiral Bis(π‐allylpalladium) Catalysis: Asymmetric Allylation of Imines.
Authors: Fernandes Rodney A. , Chaudhari Dipali A.
Published: August 2012

Aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic imines are allylated by allylstannane (III) under neutral conditions in the presence of (+)‐menthol‐derived dipalladium complex (I) to give homoallylamines with up to 78% enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: VCl3 Catalyzed Imine‐Based Multicomponent Reactions for the Facile Access of Functionalized Tetrahydropyridines and β‐Amino Carbonyls.
Authors: Pal Suman , Choudhury Lokman Hakim , Parvin Tasneem
Published: August 2012

Depending on the substrate ratios, the same conditions can used for the preparation of either pyridine structures such as (IV) and (VII) or various amino ketones of type (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2,3‐Triazole: Unique Ligand in Promoting Iron‐Catalyzed Propargyl Alcohol Dehydration.
Authors: Yan Wuming , Ye Xiaohan , Akhmedov Novruz G. , Petersen Jeffrey L. , Shi Xiaodong
Published: August 2012

The process can be applied to a broad spectrum of substrates bearing a hydroxylated quaternary carbon center.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Synthesis of β‐Trifluoromethylstyrenes Using (E)‐Trimethyl‐(3,3,3‐trifluoroprop‐1‐enyl)silane.
Authors: Omote Masaaki , Tanaka Miyuu , Ikeda Akari , Nomura Shiho , Tarui Atsushi , Sato Kazuyuki , Ando Akira
Published: August 2012

Starting from commercially available materials, a gram‐scale preparation of the key compound (II) is described in three steps with an overall yield of 74%.
ChemInform Abstract: ortho‐Trifluoromethylation of Functionalized Aromatic Triazenes.
Authors: Hafner Andreas , Braese Stefan
Published: August 2012

A substitution of the corresponding halides is never detected.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Aryl Oxime Analogues from Methyl Arenes Using NBS and Hydroxyl Amine Hydrochloride.
Authors: Chandrappa S. , Umashankara M. , Vinaya K. , Kumar C. S. Ananda , Rangappa K. S.
Published: August 2012

The reaction is advantageous with regard to functional group tolerance, high yield, and simple experimental procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct and Selective Benzylic Oxidation of Alkylarenes via C—H Abstraction Using Alkali Metal Bromides.
Authors: Moriyama Katsuhiko , Takemura Misato , Togo Hideo
Published: August 2012

A wide scope of carbonyl compounds is generated by thermal oxidation and photooxidation by visible light or natural sunlight, depending on the substituents of the alkylarenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Recyclable CuI‐Nanoparticle‐Catalyzed S‐Arylation of Thiols with Aryl Halides on Water under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Xu Hua‐Jian , Liang Yu‐Feng , Zhou Xin‐Feng , Feng Yi‐Si
Published: August 2012

The title procedure avoids the undesired formation of disulfides.
ChemInform Abstract: Triple Condensation of Aryl Methyl Ketones Catalyzed by Amine and Trifluoroacetic Acid: Straightforward Access to 1,3,5‐Triarylbenzenes under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Zhang Shao‐Liang , Xue Zhao‐Feng , Gao Ya‐Ru , Mao Shuai , Wang Yong‐Qiang
Published: August 2012

The process opens a rapid synthesis of hexabenzocoronene (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic‐Liquid‐Supported 1,5‐7‐Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene — An Efficient and Recyclable Organocatalyst for Michael Addition to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones.
Authors: Muthyala Manoj Kumar , Chhikara Bhupender S. , Parang Keykavous , Kumar Anil
Published: August 2012

Title ionic liquid‐supported TBD efficiently catalyzes the Michael addition of malononitrile (II) as well as thiophenol (IV) towards chalcones (I) under mild conditions (neat, room temperature).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of Hexahydroxylated 10‐O‐R‐Substituted Anthracenes via a New Modification of the Friedel—Crafts Reaction Using O‐Protected ortho‐Acetal Diarylmethanols.
Authors: Bodzioch Agnieszka , Marciniak Bernard , Rozycka‐Sokolowska Ewa , Jeszka Jeremiasz K. , Uznanski Pawel , Kania Sylwester , Kulinski Janusz , Balczewski Piotr
Published: August 2012

Diarylmethyl ethers (I) bearing an ortho‐acetal group at one arene ring undergo the cyclization under much milder reaction conditions compared to reported similar cyclization methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Base‐Promoted Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Furans via Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidation and Cyclization of Carbon—Carbon Triple Bond with Molecular Oxygen.
Authors: Wang Lianyue , Li Jun , Lv Ying , Zhao Gongda , Gao Shuang
Published: August 2012

The attempt to prepare diketones under the conditions shown gives only trace amounts of the desired product and a polysubstituted furan is formed instead.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophile‐ or Light‐Induced Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Phthalides from 2‐Formylarylketones.
Authors: Gerbino Dario C. , Augner Daniel , Slavov Nikolay , Schmalz Hans‐Guenther
Published: August 2012

Phthalides bearing an aryl substituent are formed with slightly higher yields by the photochemical reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct and Efficient Synthesis of Pyrrole‐3‐carbaldehydes by Vilsmeier—Haack Formylation of Pyrroles with Sterically Crowded Amides.
Authors: Ilyin Petr V. , Pankova Alena S. , Kuznetsov Mikhail A.
Published: August 2012

The regioselectivity concerning the formylation of various pyrroles with sterically crowded formamides is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to Spirocyclic Oxindoles via N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Reactions of Enals and Oxindole‐Derived α,β‐Unsaturated Imines.
Authors: Jiang Kun , Tiwari Bhoopendra , Chi Yonggui Robin
Published: August 2012

Under conditions A), the title reaction affords bicyclic lactam structures with all carbon spiro centers.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum‐Catalyzed Bisindolylation of Allenes: A Complementary Alternative to Gold Catalysis.
Authors: Munoz Maria Paz , de la Torre Maria C. , Sierra Miguel Angel
Published: August 2012

The present reaction differs both in outcome and mechanism from the previously published gold‐catalyzed reaction, which furnishes allyl‐indoles.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Isoindolinones.
Authors: More Vijaykumar , Rohlmann Renate , Garcia‐Mancheno Olga , Petronzi Carmen , Palombi Laura , De Rosa Antonio , Di Mola Antonia , Massa Antonio
Published: August 2012

Isoindolines are obtained with moderate to good enantiomeric excesses from organocatalytic aldol‐cyclization‐rearrangement tandem reaction of malonates with 2‐cyanobenzaldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Lead Optimization of the N1 Substituent of a Novel Series of Indazole Arylsulfonamides as CCR4 Antagonists and Identification of a Candidate for Clinical Investigation.
Authors: Procopiou Panayiotis A. , Ford Alison J. , Graves Rebecca H. , Hall David A. , Hodgson Simon T. , Lacroix Yannick M. L. , Needham Deborah , Slack Robert J.
Published: August 2012

Compound (Id) is identified for further development within a novel series of indazole sulfonamide chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) antagonists.
ChemInform Abstract: A New and Efficient Method for the Preparation of 2,4,6,8‐Tetraazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane‐3,7‐diones (Glycolurils) Catalyzed by Keggin, Wells—Dawson, and Preyssler Heteropolyoxometalates, Effect of Structure on the Reactivity.
Authors: Tayebee Reza , Esmaeil Rezaei‐Seresht , Behrooz Maleki
Published: August 2012

A new protocol for the synthesis of glycolurils is presented including verification of the catalytic activity of structurally different heteropolyoxometalates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3,5‐Disubstituted Isoxazoles via Cope‐Type Hydroamination of 1,3‐Dialkynes.
Authors: Wang Liangguang , Yu Xiaoqiang , Feng Xiujuan , Bao Ming
Published: August 2012

The one‐pot synthesis starting from alkynes (IX) provides comparable yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of a Novel Series of BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitors: Binding Mode and Profile of I‐BET151 (GSK1210151A).
Authors: Seal Jonathan , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

A novel series of quinoline isoxazole BET family bromodomain inhibitors are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Propylphosphonic Anhydride (®T3P) Mediated Synthesis of Benzothiazoles, Benzoxazoles and Benzimidazoles.
Authors: Wen Xiaoan , El Bakali Jamal , Deprez‐Poulain Rebecca , Deprez Benoit
Published: August 2012

A quick preparation of the title compounds is developed via T3P‐promoted reaction of appropriately ortho‐functionalized anilines with carboxylic acids under microwave conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Method for C8‐Prenylation of Flavonols and Flavanones.
Authors: Kawamura Tomoyuki , Hayashi Moemi , Mukai Rie , Terao Junji , Nemoto Hisao
Published: August 2012

The highly efficient synthesis of C8‐prenylated derivatives of quercetin and hesperetin is accomplished using a regioselective Claisen rearrangement of ethers such as (III) and (VII) as the key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Graphite Oxide Mediated Oxidative Aromatization of 1,4‐Dihydropyridines into Pyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Mirza‐Aghayan Maryam , Boukherroub Rabah , Nemati Mohammad , Rahimifard Mahshid
Published: August 2012

Readily available inexpensive graphite oxide is used as a mild and efficient reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Chemoselective Synthesis of Substituted 3,4‐Dihydroisoquinolin‐1(2H)‐ones from o‐Oxiranylmethylbenzonitrile Intermediates and TBAB/NaCN.
Authors: Chen Po‐Yuan , Chen Hsing‐Ming , Chiang Michael Y. , Wang You‐Feng , Li Sie‐Rong , Wang Tzu‐Pin , Wang Eng‐Chi
Published: August 2012

The oxiranyl compounds (I) are prepared from isovallin via 5 steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo Anticancer Activity of Novel Arylmethylene Bis‐isoxazolo[4,5‐b]pyridine‐N‐oxides (IV).
Authors: Rajanarendar E. , Raju S. , Reddy M. Nagi , Krishna S. Rama , Kiran L. Hari , Reddy A. Ram Narasimha , Reddy Y. Narasimha
Published: August 2012

Compound (IVa), the most active compound, possesses remarkable anticancer activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Precursors of Pfitzinger Reaction: A Facile One‐Pot Strategy to the Synthesis of Quinoline Carboxylic Acid Derivatives of Pyrazolo‐Carbazoles and Azacarbazoles.
Authors: Tyagi Ruchi , Singh Bhawani , Kishore D.
Published: August 2012

Japp—Klingemann reaction gives a one‐pot approach to otherwise hardly accessible heteroaryl hydrazones (III) which undergo Fischer indolization to pyrazolo‐fused (aza)carbazoles (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of 3‐Tetrazolyl‐1,2‐diaza‐1,3‐butadienes: Synthesis of 3‐Tetrazolyl‐1,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyridazines.
Authors: Lopes Susana M. M. , Brigas Amadeu F. , Palacios Francisco , Lemos Americo , Pinho e Melo Teresa M. V. D.
Published: August 2012

A large variety of dienophiles, including electron‐rich and ‐deficient 2π components, undergo the title reaction of hydrazones (I) or (XVII) to give the desired pyridazines, and in some cases open‐chain hydrazone derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel 4H‐Pyrimido[1,6‐a]pyrimidines via a One‐Pot Three‐Component Condensation.
Authors: Xiang Jinbao , Li Hanghang , Yang Kai , Yi Lang , Xu Yongnan , Dang Qun , Bai Xu
Published: August 2012

A TfOH‐catalyzed one‐pot three‐component condensation of 4‐aminopyrimidines, aldehydes, and β‐keto esters is developed to provide access to the title skeleton.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Condensed Tetrahydroimidazo[1,2‐a]quinazoline‐1,5‐dione Derivatives.
Authors: Iminov Rustam T. , Tverdokhlebov Anton V. , Tolmachev Andrey A. , Volovenko Yulian M. , Shishkina Svetlana V. , Shishkin Oleg V.
Published: August 2012

A novel approach to condensed hydrogenated imidazoquinazolines (III) and (V) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Thiazolidinone, Azetidinone Encompassing Indolylthienopyrimidines.
Authors: Saundane Anand Raghunath , Yarlakatti Manjunatha , Walmik Prabhaker , Katkar Vijaykumar
Published: August 2012

Among the novel indolylthiazolidinyl‐ and indolylazetidinyl‐thienopyrimidines prepared, those bearing chloro substituents possess promising antioxidant and antibacterial activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Cyclocarbonylation of 2‐Iodoanilines with N‐Toluenesulfonyl Aldimines.
Authors: Okuro Kazumi , Alper Howard
Published: August 2012

Optimized conditions are developed for the synthesis of dihydroquinazolines.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Michael Addition—Fries Rearrangement of Sorbylanilides: A Convenient One‐Pot Synthesis of Novel Benzo[b]azocin‐6‐ones.
Authors: Anand Amit , Singh Pardeep , Mehra Vishu , Amandeep Amandeep , Kumar Vipan , Mahajan Mohinder P.
Published: August 2012

The approach to the title compounds uses an unprecedented TFA‐mediated tandem Michael addition—Fries rearrangement of sorbyl anilines (I) via a γ‐lactone intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Enantiopure 7‐Substituted Azepane‐2‐carboxylic Acids as Templates for Conformationally Constrained Peptidomimetics.
Authors: Cini Elena , Bifulco Giuseppe , Menchi Gloria , Rodriguez Manuela , Taddei Maurizio
Published: August 2012

Glutamic acid γ‐aldehydes (III) obtained by a Horner—Wadsworth—Emmons reaction undergo a palladium‐catalyzed double‐bond hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis of the benzyl groups to provide the desired azepanes with good to excellent diastereomeric ratios.
ChemInform Abstract: Nicotinium Dichromate (= 3‐Carboxypyridinium Dichromate; NDC) as an Efficient Reagent for the Oxidative Deamination of Amines and Aminophosphonates.
Authors: Sobhani Sara , Aryanejad Sima , Maleki Mahdi Faal
Published: August 2012

A new and efficient reagent for the facile preparation of various aldehydes, ketones and oxophosphonates is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction of Phosphine Oxides to Phosphines with the InBr3/TMDS System.
Authors: Pehlivan Leyla , Metay Estelle , Delbrayelle Dominique , Mignani Gerard , Lemaire Marc
Published: August 2012

For the most phosphines, it is necessary to protect them as borane adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthetic Methodology Leading to a Series of Novel Heterocyclic α‐Aminophosphonates: A Very Attractive Expansion of Kabachnik—Fields Reaction.
Authors: Qu Zhibo , Chen Xiaolan , Yuan Jinwei , Bai Yunliang , Chen Tong , Qu Lingbo , Wang Fujun , Li Xu , Zhao Yufen
Published: August 2012

The convenient one‐pot three‐component process excludes the use of aromatic amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Przewalskone: A Cytotoxic Adduct of a Danshenol Type Terpenoid and an Icetexane Diterpenoid via Hetero‐Diels—Alder Reaction from Salvia przewalskii.
Authors: Xu Gang , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

The structure, absolute configuration, and significant cytotoxicities against 5 human cancer cell lines of the title compound are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Eucalyptals D and E, New Cytotoxic Phloroglucinols from the Fruits of Eucalyptus globulus and Assignment of Absolute Configuration.
Authors: Hu Jin‐Feng , et al. et al.
Published: August 2012

The components reveal significant in vitro cytotoxicity against a few human cancer cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Behavior of Rate Coefficients for Ion‐ion Mutual Neutralization, 300‐550 K
Authors: Miller Thomas M. , Shuman Nicholas S. , Viggiano A. A.
Published: August 2012

Review: anion neutralization reactions with Ar+ and Kr+; 41 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Atomically Monodisperse Gold Nanoclusters Catalysts with Precise Core‐Shell Structure
Authors: Zhu Yan , Jin Rongchao , Sun Yuhan
Published: August 2012

Review: 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Deposition and Characterization of Epitaxial Oxide Thin Films for SOFCs
Authors: Santiso Jose , Burriel Monica
Published: August 2012

Review: SOFC: solid oxide fuel cell; 185 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioinspired Organocatalytic Asymmetric Reactions.
Authors: Bernardi Luca , Fochi Mariafrancesca , Comes Franchini Mauro , Ricci Alfredo
Published: August 2012

Review: 152 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Reaction of Allenes with Oxygen Nucleophiles: A Perspective
Authors: Munoz Maria Paz
Published: August 2012

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ansamitocin Libraries by Combining Mutasynthesis with Chemical Synthesis: A New Version of Total Synthesis
Authors: Taft Florian , Eichner Simone , Knobloch Tobias , Harmrolfs Kirsten , Hermane Jekaterina , Kirschning Andreas
Published: August 2012

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Functionalized Spirocyclic Compounds Based on Claisen Rearrangement and Its Application to the Synthesis of Spirocyclic Sesquiterpenes and Pyrrolidinoindoline Alkaloids
Authors: Nakazaki Atsuo , Kobayashi Susumu
Published: August 2012

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Transformations of Modified Morita—Baylis—Hillman Adducts
Authors: Liu Tian‐Yu , Xie Min , Chen Ying‐Chun
Published: August 2012

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Transition Metal Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Unprotected Enamines
Authors: Xie Jian‐Hua , Zhu Shou‐Fei , Zhou Qi‐Lin
Published: August 2012

Review: 71 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Hydroxy Ketones as Useful Templates in Asymmetric Reactions
Authors: Palomo Claudio , Oiarbide Mikel , Garcia Jesus M.
Published: August 2012

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Alkynylation: The Drak Side of Acetylene Chemistry
Authors: Brand Jonathan P. , Waser Jerome
Published: August 2012

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Catalyzed Nucleophilic Allylic Substitution: Activation of Allylic Alcohols via π‐Allylic Species
Authors: Sundararaju Basker , Achard Mathieu , Bruneau Christian
Published: August 2012

Review: about 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Activity‐Based Probes for the Study of Proteases: Recent Advances and Developments
Authors: Serim Sevnur , Haedke Ute , Verhelst Steven H. L.
Published: August 2012

Review: ca. 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Pipecolic Acid and Derivatives
Authors: Cant Alastair A. , Sutherland Andrew
Published: August 2012

Review: about 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Process Research and Development for Heterocyclic p38 MAP Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Thiel Oliver R. , Achmatowicz Michal , Milburn Robert M.
Published: August 2012

Review: ca. 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress in Artificial Metallonucleases
Authors: Mancin Fabrizio , Scrimin Paolo , Tecilla Paolo
Published: August 2012

Review: 97 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biological Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Colombo Miriam , Carregal‐Romero Susana , Casula Maria F. , Gutierrez Lucia , Morales Maria P. , Boehm Ingrid B. , Heverhagen Johannes T. , Prosperi Davide , Parak Wolfgang J.
Published: August 2012

Review: 423 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Unweaving the Rainbow: A Review of the Relationship Between Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Molecular Structures and Their Chemical Reactivity
Authors: Hodge Stephen A. , Bayazit Mustafa K. , Coleman Karl S. , Shaffer Milo S. P.
Published: August 2012

Review: ca. 100 refs.