bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodology to Analyse Power Losses in Off-Highway Power Train Aggregates for Two Different Lubricants
Authors: Patnala Raghu Vamsi , R Suresh P , P Sasikumar M
Published: May 2022

Powertrain aggregates used in mining equipment are complex, and it comprises of primary aggregates like an engine,
powershift transmission, differential and final drive, which in-turn includes many tribological systems including gears,
bearings, and shafts. Evaluating the effect of different lubricants on preliminary design phase is a crucial challenge,
especially identifying various power losses such as gear meshing, oil churnings and the bearings losses in several
machine elements on single go is a complex one. To identify combined power losses in gear and bearings, an analytical
model or analysing individual component and summing up the effect as a complete system loss can cater acceptable
result, but in case of accuracy, it significantly lags. The experimental setup, which incorporates the real-time equipment
environmental factor takes ample time and cost. In this paper, detailed study and analysis have been carried out to
identify power losses and thermal rating factor for gears and bearing on one go for different lubricants (i.e. SAE30 8
Tailor-made BEML C6002-44) using a gear train analysis tool called KISSsoft/KISSsys. The result exhibits a significant
reduction in power losses 8 contact temperature for C6002-44. The comparative results illustrate that it is an effective
method, and it can be used in a preliminary stage of a planetary transmission design to identify the gear train power
losses in a shorter duration. This methodology can also be employed to determine the effect of tailor-made new
lubricants.
A Review on Neural Network and Deep Learning
Authors: H Alamri Nawaf Mohammad
Published: May 2022

The idea of Neural Network (NN) derived from brain activities which consists of neurons connected with thousands of their neighbors forming a very complex local network. As a discipline of artificial intelligence, neural network attempts to bring the computers closer to brain capability by simulating certain aspects of brain information system so that the NN has the ability to learn and generalize with higher processing speed. As an extension to NN, Deep Learning (DL) can handle high dimensional data with between leaning capability as feature extraction process became automatic. The aim of this paper is to present a review about NN and DL showing a detailed explanation of different architectures and algorithms.
An Experimental Overview of Seam Performance for Different Types of Denim Fabrics
Authors: Hosne Asif A. K. M Ayatullah , Mahmud Sayed Hasan , Mahmud Sharif Tasnim , Shanewaz A.K.M
Published: May 2022

This study was designed to explore the seam performance with special focus on seam strength and efficiency for commercially obtainable different types of denim fabrics. Technically seam performance is portrayed by strength of seam, elongation of seam and efficiency of the seam. Seam performance can contribute as an imperative factor in determining the durability of a garment. Different combinations of denim fabrics were used for seam strength and efficiency analysis together with four different types of commonly used stitch structures along with three types of sewing threads like 40, 60, and 80 tex. Seam strength and efficiency for different denim fabrics were changed consecutively with varying types of stitches combined with increasing stitch density. More specifically, supreme seam performance was observed at light indigo 170 g/m2 (GSM) 100% cotton twill denim fabric for overlock stitch structure alongside higher stitches rather than others. Characteristically the seam line which contains more stitch density encompassed in different denim fabrics demonstrates more seam eminence.
An Overview of Medical Images Classification based on CNN
Authors: Sadoon Toqa A , Ali Mohammad HR
Published: May 2022

Classifying medical images is a fundamental problem in computer vision as well as image segmentation and detection.
There are a lot of methods used to classify images such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine
(SVM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). CNN has been played a vital role in classification in the last years,
due to the power of deep learning among other types of machine learning. In this paper, the basic concept of CNN has
been summarized. Moreover, various models are simply discussed on the CNN.
Vernacular Architecture for Enhancing Environmental- A Case Study ofHousing in Abu Al Reesh Village in Egypt
Authors: Ayad Merna Wagih Naguib , Sharwbiem Michael Zakaria Emil
Published: May 2022

Vernacular architecture clearly expresses the strong relationship between man and his surrounding environment, as
it represented a mirror reflected the material and human requirements and components of the environment that
corresponds to it. From the standpoint of vernacular architecture which is compatible with the environment came as
a contemporary innate expression of the reality of place and time, we are trying in this paper to come up with a clear
definition of vernacular architecture and the features that characterized it as an attempt to add the human touch to
modern architecture, and this is done by studying the vernacular architecture of and analyzing factors Influencing its
urban formation, then exposure to the vernacular design of residential buildings and the extent of their
environmental and cultural compatibility. The paper concludes with analysis, deduction and evidence that vernacular
architecture produces a distinctive local character whose built environment is compatible with local nature and
cultures and this is what supports the individual's sense of belonging, as it is man's success in adapting to his
environment that enables humanity to communicate and continue.
Purpose of the study
▪ Determining the features and characteristics of vernacular architecture by analyzing an architectural example
of an Egyptian village with a vernacular architectural character
▪ Study the extent to which vernacular architecture is compatible with the environment as an aspect of the natural
aspects and the human aspect such as customs, traditions and religion
▪ Emphasize the importance of preserving vernacular housing as it is considered a local heritage
▪ Take advantage of the Vernacular architecture method in dealing with humans and the environment in
designing our modern architecture and using technology
A Simulation modelling of scheduling of automated guided vehicle in flexible manufacturing system environment
Authors: Khan Furquan , Sahay Amit
Published: May 2022

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are among the fastest and advanced material handling technology that are
utilized in various industrial applications today. They can be overlapped to various other manufacturing and storage
system and controlled through an advanced computer control system. Flexible Manufacturing systems (FMS) are
compatible for concurrent manufacturing of a good sort of parts in low quantity. The Flexible Manufacturing systems
elements can operate in a non parallel manner and the scheduling problems are harder. The use of AGVs is increasing
day by day for the fabric movement in production lines of flexible manufacturing plants. The purpose is to extend
efficiency in material transfer and increase manufacturing. Though the hardware of Automated Guided Vehicle has
made remarkable enhancement in the field but the software control of the speed still lacks in many applications. The
order of scheduling of operations on machine centers as well as the scheduling of Automated Guided Vehicles are
important factors contributing to the overall efficiency of flexible manufacturing system (FMS). In this work,
scheduling of job is done for a particular type of flexible manufacturing system (FMS) environment by using the
technique of optimization called the genetic algorithm (GA). A code was developed to seek out the optimal solution
and generate random values in Ms-Excel. When a chromosome is input, the GA works upon it and produces same
number of offspring’s. The number of iterations takes place until the optimum solution is obtained. Here we've
worked upon eight problems, with different no. of machines and no. of jobs. The input parameters used are time
period matrix and time interval matrix with the amount of machines and number of jobs. The results obtained are
very quite close to the results obtained by other techniques and by other scholars.
Study and Comparison of Automated Material Handling Systems used in Warehouses
Authors: Siddique Safia , Sahay Amit , Mishra Anurag
Published: May 2022

Order picking is an important part of order processing in warehousing and dispersal operations and can be achieved
using manual, automated, or semi-automated systems. This thesis evaluates two automated systems, carousel system
and AS/RS (automated storage and retrieval system). The main goal of this research is to develop mathematical
model to analyze the performance of both AS/RS and carousel systems under random storage assignment and classbased storage assignment.
Design and Optimization of Lightweight and HSD Excavator Bucket with Uncertain Load
Authors: HepaȦ Mohammed Mehimed Omar
Published: May 2022

Excavators are used primarily to excavate below the natural surface of the ground on which the machine rests and
load it into trucks or tractor. Due to severe working conditions, excavator parts are subjected to high loads. The
excavator mechanism must work reliably under unpredictable working conditions. Thus, it is very much necessary for
the designers to provide not only a equipment of maximum reliability but also of minimum weight and cost, keeping
design. safe under all loading conditions weight and cost, keeping design safe under all loading conditions. It can be
concluded that, force analysis and strength analysis is an important step in the design of excavator parts. This paper
presents a methodology for lightweight and high-strength design of an excavator bucket under uncertain loading.
Uncertain loads are obtained by using the Monte Carlo simulation based on the existing soil-bucket interaction model
in which the soil parameters are variable. And the well-known 3-sigma methodology is used for the quantification of
the uncertain loads. Excavator bucket modelling is finished by using ANSYS Parameter Design Language (APDL). A
multi-objective optimization model aiming to decrease the maximum von Mises stress and to reduce the weight of the
bucket is established on the foundations of the uncertain load and the parametric geometry model. The structural
shape and topology of the bucket are then designed by using the mixed variable genetic algorithm to solve the
established optimization problem. The results show that the presented method can be effectively and efficiently
applied for the optimization design of the excavator bucket and that the optimized bucket signifies obvious decreases
in the weight and the stress compared with the initial reference model. The proposed methodology for structure
optimization design considering uncertain loads not only provides the technical means for the design and
development of high-performance bucket but also lays a preliminary theoretical foundation for the optimization
design integrated machine-environment interaction.
Hydromorphological assessment in North Morocco: The case of Martil River
Authors: Murtaza Mehdi Rian* , Tunio Ali Berktay Haque
Published: May 2022

The present study is about an assessment of the Martil River restoration, which crosses Tetouan and Martil city in
Northern Morocco. The evaluation compromises rainfall occurrence of 30 years, riparian habitats, and the river flow
of 12 years. The rainfall analysis was carried out by the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI). Only three stations that
contain continuous monthly precipitation data were considered. The river health and water quality were determined
by the QBR (Riparian Habitat Quality), while the environmental flow was estimated by Tennant method. SPI results
show a rainfall increment pattern with regular, extreme, and plentiful downpours causing rough deluges and floods.
The ultimate flow result to support the river habitats was found 60% of the natural flow in the main channel. This study
highlights the stream’s unhealthy water, which falls within the low-quality water category downstream the river under
anthropogenic pressure, while good to excellent quality was scored upstream the watershed. Tennant outcomes were
discovered 2.40 m³/s as 30% and 5.51 m³/s as 60%, while 10% of the flow was found to be not adequate for habitats
in the Martil River.
Enhanced Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoir through Low Salinity Water Flooding-A Simulation Case Study
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Ahmed Sarfraz , Ahmed Zubair , Muther Temoor
Published: May 2022

Low salinity water flooding is a very famous secondary as well as tertiary recovery process. Research has proven that
low salinity waterflooding is an economical and environmentally friendly process and it can give a higher amount of
oil recoveries than the conventional waterflooding method. This study aims to run sensitivity analysis of water injection
parameters like salt concentration, pattern selection, and injection rates. Secondly to use the pressure maintenance
technique instead of pressure enhancement. The result indicated that the optimum injection rate was achieved at 6000
bbl/day with a salt concentration of 0 to 5000ppm, while high saline water indicated no or little change in production.
As far as flooding pattern is concerned, single injection and single production gave the optimum results. In a nutshell,
low saline waterflooding is proved to be successful in carbonate reservoirs.
Mechanical and Water Absorption Characteristics of Jute/BasaltReinforced Laminate
Authors: Chandu Patthem , Kumar T Pavan
Published: May 2022

To boost the output parameters, the process parameters have to be optimized; which is the aim of this project.
Centered within various layers of Jute / Basalt and material orientation, the orthogonal series of various experiments
are performed using the relevant Taguchi technique. The aim of these experiments is to provide a relationship
between process and performance parameters to enhance the overall performance of the substance under various
conditions. The effect of Basalt fibre and Jute fibre orientation during Tension and Hardness is studied in the present
work. The tests are arranged according to the orthogonal array of Taguchi L9. Using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance),
the experimental results are statistically analyzed to correlate the parameters and answers. It was observed from the
experimental findings that orientation was perceived to be the most important element affecting the intensity of the
substance proposed. By considering the optimum composition through analysis, water absorption test is performed
with respect to number of days with Basalt and Jute as outer layers to study and compare the water absorption
percentage of both the fibers. SEM analysis is performed to study the fiber intactness and surface morphology of the
optimum sample, after every experimentation. Experimental studies have shown that hybridization of Basalt fibre
jute epoxy shows greater tolerance to strength.
A Review on Advances in Electrocatalytic N2 Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Younis Muhammad Yawar , Ameen Somavia , Iqbal Babar , Ijaz Hamza
Published: May 2022

Ammonia is one of the most important industrial chemicals which is prepared by the traditional Haber–Bosch
process. Haber–Bosch process is an expensive process requiring higher temperature, pressure, and a lot of energy.
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reactions (NRR) have gained a lot of interest as the alternate method for the
production of ammonia. For obtaining a higher yield, higher Faradic efficiency (PE), inhibition of side reactions e.g.,
hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and reducing the production cost for ammonia by NRR, selection of appropriate
catalysts, cell layout, and electrolyte selection are important controlling parameters for the NRR. Non-metallic
catalysts are preferred over noble metallic catalysts due to their lower cost, more resources, and characteristic dorbital electron but have the issue of low selectivity due to the higher HER. The selectivity for the NRR can be
improved by employing the catalysts with higher absorption of N2. PEM-type cells and the back-to-back cells are used
to inhibit the HER. Apart from these factors, NRR is also dependent on other factors to obtain better experimental
results e.g., no nitrides, removing the ammonia from contaminants sites, and controlling the experiment time.
Geometric and Hydraulic Properties of Arced Labyrinth Weirs
Authors: Kılıç Zeyneb
Published: May 2022

Weirs serve a critical role in dam safety. Numerous reservoirs' flood projections used in hydraulic design have risen in magnitude in recent years. As a result, many current spillways are no longer adequate since they do not fulfill current discharge capacity standards. Labyrinth weirs are frequently used to rehabilitate existing fixed width spillways. Weirs come in a variety of shapes and sizes, including labyrinth, linear, piano key, and more. Labyrinth weirs enhance the weir crest length for a given width, which increases the weir flow capacity. The majority of labyrinth weirs are designed in linear designs. An Arced cycle layout can boost the discharge capacity and hydraulic efficiency of a labyrinth weir. The article cites an arced geometric layout for labyrinth weirs, as well as nomenclature for arcspecific geometric variables. Experimental studies in the literature are presented by discussing and comparing.
National belonging and citizenship in an era of globalization and transnational migration: Korean migrant youth in the United States
Authors: Lee Hakyoon , An Sohyun
Published: May 2022

In an era of transnational migration, growing numbers of students who migrate and live transnationally are entering US schools. However, there has been little research exploring the transnationalism of diverse groups of migrant students and their construction of belonging, citizenship, and identity. To address this gap, this article examines Korean migrant youth’s transnationalism and their sensemaking of national, cultural, linguistic belonging. In addition, the investigation encompasses the intragroup diversities among the Korean migrant students and the ways that their distinctive immigrant histories, educational trajectories, and language use impact their construction of identities. The findings indicate diverse conceptualizations of national belonging and citizenship held by contemporary migrant youth, varied levels of transnationalism, and a scarcity of teaching and learning about the changing nature of citizenship in school. This study suggests that migrant youth can be a great resource for learning about globalization and its impact on people’s lives and identities.
On the traditions and trends of ethnosemiotics in China: an interview with Prof. Hongwei Jia
Authors: Ge Xiulan , Jia Hongwei
Published: May 2022

Charles Sanders Peirce highlights that “the entire world is perfused with signs.” That is, nothing can exist without signs. Ethnology is no exception in this light. Up to now, ethnology has not been exhaustively examined in terms of semiotics, nor has it combined with semiotics effectively and efficiently in China, with its multiple ethnic groups and multi-millenary tradition of knowledge. To promote the further development of ethnology in China in terms of semiotics, as well as the development of Chinese ethnosemiotics at the embryonic stage, I conducted an interview with Prof. Hongwei Jia, a semiotician based at Capital Normal University in Beijing and meanwhile serving as the founding Director of the Center for Semiotics and Cultural Studies at Shinawatra University in Bangkok. This interview focuses on the relationship between ethnology and semiotics, as well as the origin, application, and development of ethnosemiotics in China, in order to inspire further related research and promote the future development of this area.
Patched quilt: the thematic pattern in Alice Walker’s womanist writings
Authors: Wang Xiaoying , Shen Yiran
Published: May 2022

The womanist thinking initiated by Alice Walker not only represents her philosophical stance, but also imbues her literary writings with womanist characteristics. The pursuit of “the survival and wholeness of entire people” is the essence of Walker’s womanism, which permeates all of her writings so that her literary production demonstrates a unique artistic style with aesthetic implications. The patched quilt, known as a symbol of the artistic form of Walker’s womanist writings, is featured with the achievements of a whole by means of a fragmented and patched form. It also embodies the thematic structure in Walker’s writings which is presented in a clearly outlined pattern of “fragmented–piecing–wholeness.” By exploring the themes that constitute the thematic pattern in Walker’s writings, this paper points out that the fragmented–piecing–wholeness structure of womanist themes conveys hope for those who are oppressed by sexism and racism and those who are uncertain of their own destiny. Alice Walker has succeeded in combining her ideological content with artistic forms, and her womanist writings have not only enhanced the value of the culture of American blacks, but have also enriched literary ways of expression.
The groups 𝐺 satisfying a functional equation 𝑓(𝑥𝑘) = 𝑥𝑓(𝑥) for some 𝑘 ∈ 𝐺
Authors: Bernhardt Dominik , Boykett Tim , Devillers Alice , Flake Johannes , Glasby Stephen P.
Published: May 2022

We study the groups 𝐺 with the curious property that there exists an element

k
∈
G

k\in G

and a function

f
:

G
→
G

f\colon G\to G

such that

f
⁢

(

x
⁢
k

)

=

x
⁢
f
⁢

(
x
)

f(xk)=xf(x)

holds for all

x
∈
G

x\in G

.
This property arose from the study of near-rings and input-output automata on groups.
We call a group with this property a 𝐽-group.
Finite 𝐽-groups must have odd order, and hence are solvable.
We prove that every finite nilpotent group of odd order is a 𝐽-group if its nilpotency class 𝑐 satisfies

c
⩽
6

c\leqslant 6

.
If 𝐺 is a finite 𝑝-group, with

p
>
2

p>2

and

p
2

>

2
⁢
c

-
1

p^{2}>2c-1

, then we prove that 𝐺 is 𝐽-group.
Finally, if

p
>
2

p>2

and 𝐺 is a regular 𝑝-group or, more generally, a power-closed one (i.e., in each section and for each

m
⩾
1

m\geqslant 1

, the subset of

p
m

p^{m}

-th powers is a subgroup), then we prove that 𝐺 is a 𝐽-group.
Variations in uterine closure technique: an institutional survey of obstetricians and implications for patient counseling and prevention of adverse sequelae
Authors: Antoine Clarel , Alexander Jameshisa S. , Yaghoubian Yasaman C. , Harary Joyce M.
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To assess the diversity of uterine closure techniques (UCTs) among providers in one institution and evaluate concurrent consideration of adverse outcomes for patient counseling, provisional care, and prevention.

Methods

Forty-four obstetricians at NYU Langone Health were emailed a survey of their uterine closure technique, patient counseling, and practice experience. Results were stratified by years of practice: ≤5, 5–20, and 20–40 years.

Results

Thirty-nine obstetricians (88.6%) completed the survey. Among those, a blunt uterine opening was preferred by 29 (74.4%), and a mid-lower segment location was favored by 34 (87.2%). At uterine closure, the endometrium was included by 20 (51.3%), with half a centimeter or more incorporated in the myometrial closure, whereas 15 (38.5%) did not factor in the endometrium’s presence. Closure duration varied from 1 to 20 min, with 21 (53.9%) lasting 1–5 min and 12 (30.8%) lasting 5–10 min. All physicians were familiar with the potential post-cesarean complications and counseled their patients accordingly; 25 (64.1%) at the first post-op visit while 14 (35.9%) did so before the next conception. Practitioners with fewer years in practice endorsed the safety of up to five consecutive cesarean births, while those with more experience approved up to ten. Thirty-two obstetricians (82.1%) stated that the risk of abnormal placentation is exclusively associated with the number of cesarean sections, whereas five (12.8%) senior obstetricians asserted that individual surgical techniques are most impactful.

Conclusions

The survey illustrates that various UCTs are performed irrespective of potential adverse sequelae and without consideration for subsequent patient counseling and care. Ongoing research must study the impact of UCT on scar healing to formulate preventive strategies for post-cesarean complications.
Status and ecology of forest ungulates in the Dja Faunal Reserve, Cameroon
Authors: Amin Rajan , Wacher Tim , Fankem Oliver , Gilbert Oum Ndjock , Ndimbe Malenoh Sewuh , Fowler Andrew
Published: May 2022

Ungulates have undergone major declines in Central and West African forests as a result of bushmeat trade and habitat loss. Monitoring forest ungulate status is a critical conservation need. We undertook a systematic camera-trap survey of the 5260 km2 Dja Faunal Reserve, Cameroon’s largest protected area. We deployed cameras at 305 sites in eight grids across the reserve over 28,277 camera-trap days. We recorded 30,601 independent detections of 12 species of forest ungulate. The blue and Peters’ duikers were the most abundant, accounting for 82% of all ungulate detections, both with occupancy >85% in all survey grids. The black-fronted duiker was relatively widespread but rare. The white-bellied duiker and water chevrotain were found mostly in the southern part of the reserve. There were very few detections of sitatunga, forest buffalo and bongo. Our results suggest ecological partitioning among the more abundant duikers based on activity pattern and body size. The reserve faces many pressures including illegal subsistence and commercial hunting. Community surveillance and partnerships, with improved law enforcement are among measures being implemented by the Cameroon government to enhance security and ensure retention of the reserve’s World Heritage status.
Application of melanin as biological functional material in composite film field
Authors: Liu Linlin , Xu Hongyu , Gao Li , Zhao Yi , Wang Haibin , Shi Nan , Guo Lixiao , Liu Panpan
Published: May 2022

Melanin comes from a wide range of sources. It can be isolated and characterized from some plants, animals and microorganisms, and can also be simply polymerized by dopamine. It has many biological properties such as antioxidant, ultraviolet shielding and bacteriostasis. Based on the above characteristics, the addition of melanin to film-forming materials can improve the relevant physical properties and functional properties of the film. In this article, the structure and properties of melanin were briefly introduced, and then the advantages and related research progress of melanin as a functional filler in the field of composite film were summarized.
Digitalisierung der Produktion: Ganzheitliche Bewertung
Authors: Tomaschko Florian , Annan Kevin , Krommes Sandra
Published: May 2022

Für die Analyse, Bewertung und Kontrolle von Investitionsentscheidungen bei Erweiterungs- oder Modernisierungs-Investitionen zur Digitalisierung der Produktion fehlt ein methodisches Vorgehen. Ein dreistufiger Ansatz auf Basis geeigneter betriebswirtschaftlicher Kennzahlen wird vorgestellt und am Beispiel eines heterogenen Maschinen- und Anlagenparks für einen digitalen Schatten der Wert- und Stoffströme zur Steigerung der Ressourceneffizienz angewandt.
Identifikation und Prognose dynamischer Engpässe
Authors: Schwenken Jörn , Schallow Julian , Sollik Damian , Richter Ralph , Deuse Jochen
Published: May 2022

Eine erhöhte geplante und ungeplante Variabilität innerhalb der Produktion begünstigt das vermehrte Auftreten dynamischer Engpässe. Deren Beherrschung in Form eines zielgerichteten Engpassmanagements gelingt in der Unternehmenspraxis derzeit häufig nur sehr unzureichend und weitestgehend reaktiv. Dieser Beitrag stellt wesentliche Anwenderanforderungen sowie eine Bewertungssystematik und deren Anwendung für ausgewählte Verfahren der Engpassidentifikation und -prognose vor.
Digital Twin Pipeline zur VDA-5050-Integration
Authors: Kaven Lea , Abele Ella , Göppert Amon , Schmitt Robert H.
Published: May 2022

Volatile Produktionsumgebungen verstärken den Fokus auf Produktionssysteme, die dynamische Anpassungen unter Einsatz von FTF ermöglichen. Zur aufwandsarmen, herstellerübergreifenden Integration dieser FTF wurde die VDA 5050 Schnittstelle definiert. Diese liefert jedoch keinen Digital Twin (DT), welcher gleichzeitig zur übergeordneten Planung und Analyse genutzt werden kann. Anhand der Methodik der Digital Twin Pipeline erfolgt deshalb eine (teil-)automatisierte Entwicklung eines solchen DT.
Strength and Conditioning for a Cricket Batsman
Authors: Mathankar Apurva , S Kirti , Maney Sharath , Prajapati Karan
Published: May 2022

Despite cricket being a global sport and played across more than 100 countries, research in position-specific strength and conditioning for batters is scarce. There is insufficient research about the demands of the batsman (needs analysis) and the specific training methods needed for injury prevention and optimal performance of the athlete. Based on a review of literature, this article discusses the area of biomechanical analysis, time-motion analysis, physiological analysis, and injury epidemiology of batters and outlines the strength and conditioning program in domains of testing, strength training, power training, and conditioning.
New Perspectives of the Traditional and Modified 5-0-5 Change of Direction Test
Authors: Ryan Chloe , Uthoff Aaron , McKenzie Chloe , Cronin John
Published: May 2022

Change of direction (COD) ability is considered essential for successful participation in many field and court sports. Several COD models that currently exist identify technique, leg strength qualities, and straight sprint speed as the key determinants of COD performance. This narrative review discusses the original COD model, focusing on specific leg strength qualities (concentric, eccentric, isometric, and reactive strength) and their relationship with 5-0-5 COD performance. It is clear from the existing literature that each of these leg strength qualities contributes to the performance of the 5-0-5 COD test; however, it is unclear which are most at play during the phases of performing a COD. This review introduces a new COD model and a way to split the modified 5-0-5 COD test into 4 distinct phases (acceleration, deceleration, 180○ turn, and reacceleration). This new perspective and proposed method of testing provides greater diagnostic value to the modified 5-0-5 COD test and allows coaches and practitioners to be more targeted with feedback and programming to improve COD and sporting performance.
The The Interpersonal Meaning of Verbal Text and Visual Image Relation in English Textbook for Junior High School Grade VIII
Authors: Dewi Annisa Kumara , Rukmini Dwi , Saleh Mursid
Published: May 2022

This study aimed at explaining the relations between verbal text and visual image in English Textbook for Junior High School Grade VIII in terms of interpersonal meaning. The first is the checklist of verbal text analysis by Halliday in Eggin (2004) to analyse the verbal text. The second is the checklist table for visual image analysis by applying the theory of Kress and Van Leeuween (2006). The last is about the relation between verbal text and visual image in terms of interpersonal meaning (Royceâ€™s theory; 2007). The findings show mostly every chapter is dominated by declarative sentences. In declarative mood, the sentence indicates to state something or explain something. Some conversations indicate the image acts and the gazes of them are â€˜offerâ€™, they could be explained that the images address us indirectly, the viewer is not the object, but the subject looked. The represented participants are the object of the viewerâ€™s dispassionate scrutiny, no contact between the viewer and the represented participants. The image acts and the gazes happen between represented participants and represented participants. The eye contacts prove the verbal text produced by the represented participants. Verbally, the statement and question relate through intersemiotics reinforcement of address. The activities between represented participant and represented participant happen verbally in which the viewer do not joint in the conversation. As visually, the eyeline just happened between represented participant and represented participant without the viewer. It could be said relationship happened when the verbal text supports the visual image.
Structures and Functions of Lexical Bundles in Findings and Discussion Sections of Graduate Studentsâ€™ Thesis
Authors: Wachidah Wahyu Dyah Nur Anis , Fitriati Sri Wuli , Widhiyanto Widhiyanto
Published: May 2022

Lexical bundles is a combination of words which consists of three or even more words that frequently occur together in particular registers. It is seen as an important aspect that should be mastered in order to create a qualified text. This study aims at analyzing the lexical bundles used in findings and discussion sections of graduate studentsâ€™ thesis in terms of structures, functions, and the role of lexical bundles in forming coherence of the studentsâ€™ texts. This study employs qualitative approach. The data are taken from 10 Chapter IV, Findings and Discussion of graduate studentsâ€™ thesis. In the process of analysis, the researcher uses three instruments in the form of tables to collect and analyze the lexical bundles manually based on the structures of lexical bundles proposed by Biber, et. al. (1999), and the functions of lexical bundles proposed by Hyland (2008) framework. There are 74 lexical bundles found in the studentsâ€™ texts. The findings reveals that first, the lexical bundles found in the studentsâ€™ texts make use of all the twelve structural forms and the most dominantly used is structure type 4 other prepositional phrase (fragment); second, the lexical bundles found in the studentsâ€™ texts serve all of the three functional types and the most dominantly used is text-oriented function and third, the lexical bundles found in the studentsâ€™ texts have an important role in forming coherence of the texts. It indicates that the lexical bundles make use of two coherence items such as reference and transition signals.
Multimodal Representation of Gender in Two Senior High School Textbooks
Authors: Asriyama Weksa Fradita , Saleh Mursid , Wuli Fitriati Sri
Published: May 2022

The urgency in revealing multimodal gender representation in education is the background of this study. Two English textbooks for Senior High School students entitled â€œTalk Activeâ€ and â€œPathway to Englishâ€ were used as the subjects of the study. The objectives of the study are to explain multimodal representation of gender through its typical roles, conversational roles, and semantic representation found in the aforementioned English textbooks. In gathering the data, Brugeilles and Cromerâ€™s (2009) gender representation analysis was adapted as instruments to gain the data for gender typical roles, Francis and Hunstonâ€™s (2002) analysis was employed to get the data for gender conversational roles, and lastly, Millsâ€™ (1995) feminism language was used to collect the data for gender semantic representation. The findings revealed that in both textbooks males have typical roles as breadwinners in dometic sphere and leaders in social and occupational spheres, whereas females have nurturing roles in domestic phere, followers roles in social sphere and subordinates in occupational spheres. With regard to gender conversational roles, the findings shown that in â€œTalk Activeâ€ males are the dominant speakers and females are the deferential speakers, while in â€œPathway to Englishâ€, the opposite happened. Lastly, the finding of gender semantic representation analysis told that both textbooks represent both gender equally, although some sexist â€˜manâ€™ affixes were found.
English Word Stress Production of Male and Female Madurese Students
Authors: Syarifah Syarifah , Warsono Warsono , Wuli Fitriati Sri
Published: May 2022

Pronunciation is very important in speaking. Most of English learners usually face some difficulties in pronouncing English words properly especially in word stress. One of the influential factors is because of first language interference. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze studentsâ€™ stress production of two, three, four, five, and six syllable words in order to explain the possible factors that influence the Madurese male and female students in pronouncing English word and to analyze studentsâ€™ stress production of syllable words in order to explain the influence of gender on studentsâ€™ pronunciation. This research employed qualitative descriptive research. The subjects of this study were 20 students of Madura Islamic University. The data were collected by using questionnaires, studentsâ€™ recording and table. The result of this study shows that Madurese dialect gives significant positive influence on two syllable words stress on first syllable. It is because in Madurese dialect sound system, stress in two syllable words are frequently produced on first position. Meanwhile, male and female students were almost the same in pronouncing stress correctly on three until four syllable words. On the contrary, they put stress improperly on words that consist of five to six syllables. In this case, the students put the stress correctly and incorrectly from three until six syllable words, it does not indicate that it was influenced by Madurese local language. The possible factors affecting the studentsâ€™ word stress is because of motivation, age, target language exposure, lack of pronunciation training and lack of knowledge about the rules of word stress. Last, Gender does not influence much in pronunciation moreover in word stress. In segmental feature, female studentsâ€™ pronunciation consonant is better than that of male students but not in vowel. The students who pronounce correctly were the students who always train themselves. Pedagogically, this study can be the additional information to develop male and female studentsâ€™ stress production.
The Relations between Male and Female Participants in Using Assertive Speech Acts for Interactions in The Ellen DeGeneres Show
Authors: Maharani Suri , Mujiyanto Januarius , Warsono Warsono
Published: May 2022

As an act of communication, people tend to speak with what comes to their minds and beliefs which are called assertive or representative speech acts concerning what the speaker believes to be the case or not. In this regard, this study aimed to explain the realization of assertive speech acts of male and female interactions in The Ellen DeGeneres Show and the relationship between male and female participants in realizing the assertive speech acts in terms of power, social distance, and rank of imposition. To expound this research more detail, a qualitative method was applied through direct observation of the videos and transcripts downloaded. Those data were supported by the theory of Searle and Vanderveken (1985) and Brown and Levinson (1987). From the data collected, there were 22 out of 32 types of assertive speech acts employed by male and female participants. There were no disclaim, notify, retrodict, insist, hypothesize, swear, testify, admit, accuse, and blame in their interactions. Mostly, males used affirm, inform, and state during their shows representing that they acted to exert dominance and achieve obvious outcomes. Whereas, female ones used state, affirm, and followed by inform acts to deliver their thoughts indicating that they used communication as a tool to enhance social connection and create relationships. It is in line that men are goal-oriented, while women are relationship-oriented. Moreover, adult participants had the same level in the matter of power and social distance which affected how they interacted through more multifarious assertive speech acts than the young ones. Besides, there were a few impositions between male and female as the topic given had already talked before, hence the possibility of threatening the speakerâ€™s face is not very highly occurred. Based on this study, hopefully, people will know how to make words fit the world appropriately.
Teachersâ€™ Perceptions, Planning, and Implementation of Game-Based Learning in English Extracurricular Program (A Case Of Smp 40 Semarang)
Authors: Utami Citra Putri , Anggani L. Bharati Dwi
Published: May 2022

The present study was a case study which was aimed at investigating the teachersâ€™ perceptions, planning, and implementation of Game-Based Learning (GBL) in the English extracurricular program in SMP 40 Semarang. The participants of this study were two teachers. The data were collected through questionnaire, interview, observations, and document analysis. The result showed that the two teachers mostly have the same perceptions of GBL with the experts and researchers. In the   teaching planning, the teachers planned to give seven games in one semester program. The games were mostly in the form of cooperative and competitive games, and they were aimed improve speaking, listening, and writing skills. The lesson plans for each meeting included learning goal, time allotment, teaching materials, and classroom activities along with the scenario of teaching. In the real practices in the classroom, the teachers could successfully apply the games like in the planning. In evaluating the students, the teachers concerned on the studentsâ€™ performances and product. Regarding the relation of the teachersâ€™ perceptions, planning, and implementation, it was revealed that teachersâ€™ perceptions influence the way the teachers implement GBL and teaching planning affects the successful GBL implementation. It is expected that further researchers may continue his study by involving more than one school with more subjects also.
The Implementation of Authentic Assessment to Assess Students' Higher Order Thinking Skills in Writing at MAN 2 Tulungagung
Authors: Muthohharoh Setyani Rohmatul , Linggar Bharati Dwi Anggani , Rozi Fahrur
Published: May 2022

PISA (Program for International Studentsâ€™ Assessment) which focuses o three basic literacy stated that Indonesian students are in low position it is caused by the low ability of Indonesian teachers in writing questions of HOTS. Therefore, the 2013 Curriculum demands the teachers to use authentic assessment concerning about Higher Order Thinking Skills. This study aimed to investigate the implementation of authentic assessment to assess studentsâ€™ Higher Order Thinking Skills in writing at MAN 2 Tulungagung. This study was qualitative research by using case study research design. Two English teachers (teacher SS and teacher IO) were observed by using interview guide, observation checklist, and document observation checklist. The data were then collected and analyzed based on Miles and Huberman (1994, p. 10). The results of the study revealed that in implementing authentic assessment to assess studentsâ€™ Higher Order  Thinking Skills, these two English teachers did not share rubric and implement self-assessment for the students because of time limitation. To overcome the difficulties, they managed the time effectively and efficiently. Furthermore, they were interested in walking around the students to know the studentsâ€™ understanding. This study will give insight about the implementation of authentic assessment which focuses on Higher Order Thinking Skills in writing.
The Relationship between Communication Strategies and Language Proficiency among the English Department Students of IAIN Kudus
Authors: Widyaningrum Leily , Faridi Abdurrachman , Saleh Mursid
Published: May 2022

In foreign language classes, students very often intend to express their ideas to listeners, but they realize that their linguistic or semantic structure is not available, then they give a pause before continuing their utterances. It means that they used communication strategies to close the gap between linguistic competence and communicative competence. Furthermore, many aspects related to the studentsâ€™ communication strategies, one of that is language proficiency. This qualitative case study is set to investigate: (1) the use of communication strategies of students; (2) the language proficiency level of students; (3) the influence of communication strategies to the language proficiency. There are twelve students with high and low proficiency levels as the subject of this research which was taken purposively. They are the second-semester students of the English Education Department at IAIN Kudus in the academic year of 2019/2020. In this study, the researcher used observation, interview, and documentation as the sources of data. It is intended to address the research questions. The results revealed that (1) The students used stalling or time-gaining type and sub-types, namely fillers and self-repetition in which the most popular form of filler was â€œehh, eee, and ehmmâ€; (2) High proficient students were infrequently to produce the error of grammar. While low proficient students often used non-verbal language. It means that students with high proficiency level can process words so that their utterances are more understandable; (3) Communication strategies influenced the language proficiency. It is because high proficient students are able to share their ideas and opinions freely than low proficient students who regularly produce errors of grammar. This study provides valuable contribution in introducing communication strategies and raising studentsâ€™ awareness to actually use English in real-life communication.
Teacherâ€™s Questioning to Promote High Order Thinking Skills in EFL Learning (A Case Study at Christian High School YSKI Semarang)
Authors: Susilowati Nunung , Hartono Rudi , Astuti Puji
Published: May 2022

In the learning process, teachers should pose some questions in order to check what has been learnt and understood, to help them review previous learning, and assess whether students are ready or not to move forward and learn new information. Regarding that statement, questioning section in the learning process is important. The aim of this research was to find out how the teachers use the questioning section in the learning process to promote the studentsâ€™ high order thinking skills which are divided into three skills that are analysing, evaluating and creating skill. This study implied case study research. The instruments used in this research were observation checklist, recording, interview and questionnaire. The main data was the teachersâ€™ recording in the learning process. The subjects of this study were three teachers of a religion-based high school in Semarang, Central Java. and the students of that school. The findings of the study showed that the teachers used questioning section in their learning process. The kinds of questions used were mostly open questions and close question or yes/no questions. Those questions were used in order to make the students think more critically. The teachers think that high order thinking skill is so important for the students so they applied those skills maximally in the learning process and by questioning, the teacher could get some advantages such as they could assess the students and also know the students understanding toward the material given. It can be concluded that the use of teacherâ€™s questioning could be a tool to promote studentsâ€™ high order thinking skills in EFL learning. It is also suggested for the teachers to use more questioning section in the learning process.