bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Częstość występowania robaczyc u dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym ? określenie czynników predysponujących
Authors: Kaleta Piotr , Palacz-Wróbel Marta , Chajec Łukasz
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Parasitic diseases are common and pose threats to the health and lives of people around the world. Globally improving sanitary conditions also do not provide a sufficient method of preventing the parasitic infections that trigger them. Statistical data show a huge rate of parasitism in the world and a very large share of parasitic diseases in the number of deaths. Worms among pre-school children are quite common to a certain extent, and factors that favor them ? if properly identified, can be significantly reduced. This paper presents the frequency of occurrence of worms in this age range compared to statistical data and a list of factors predisposing the occurrence of these diseases. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency and predisposing factors for the occurrence of helminthia among children in pre-school age in Poland. Material and methods. An original questionnaire was used to conduct the research. Results. The frequency of occurrence of worms reaches about 10% of confirmed infections. The most common prevalence among children is oatosis. The most important factors predisposing to parasitic worms infection are: inadequate personal hygiene, inadequate food hygiene and its preparation, the impact of places with higher risk of infection (sandpits, playgrounds, kindergartens, nurseries, orphanages). Invasions, when the massiveness of parasite invasions is not large enough, often goes asymptomatically ? that is why the parent's perceptiveness and knowledge about the basic symptoms of the most common worms play a key role. The level of parents’ knowledge and awareness of the risk of being infected with parasitic worms is high. Most of the parents surveyed correctly diagnosed symptoms performed tests for the presence of parasites in the body of their children. Conclusions. Elimination of predisposing factors significantly minimizes the occurrence of helminthiasis.
Wybrane zasoby osobiste a nasilenie symptomów depresyjnych u dzieci ? badanie pilotażowe
Authors: Spotoń-Wydra Monika
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Depression is one of the most serious mental problems in children and adolescents. Over recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of depression and a reduction in the age of onset of the first symptoms of the disease. Aim. To investigate the relationship of the locus of control and a sense of self-efficacy with the intensity of symptoms depression in children. Material and methods. The study was designed for 45 students (24 boys and 21 girls) attending the 5th grade primary school. Each child completed the Children’s Depression Inventory (Kovacs), Scale Sense of Personal Competence (self-efficacy) (Juczyński) and the Scale of Locus of Control ? Primary Schools (Mathiak, Seget, Karzel). Pearson’s were conducted to investigate correlation the variables with the intensity of depressive symptoms. Results. The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms in the group of investigate children was high and amounted to 37.8%. Both variables remained in correlation to the intensity of childhood depression. It was found that as the internal sense of control increased, the intensity of depressive symptoms decreased. Children with high level of self-efficacy of their own competence have manifest fewer depressive symptoms. Conclusions. Many children in the untreated group manifest symptoms of depression. high self-efficacy and internal sense of control are conducive to maintaining mental health in children. The promotion of these personal resources should constitute an important element of preventive strategies and programs, because strengthening the health potential of children will balance and reduce the impact of risk factors.
Wybrane parametry jakości ucisku i relaksacji klatki piersiowej wykonywanej przez personel pielęgniarski w ramach pozaszpitalnego nagłego zatrzymania krążenia ? badanie pilotażowe
Authors: Więch Paweł , Muster Marek , Bazaliński Dariusz , Kucaba Grzegorz , Sałacińska Izabela , Binkowska-Bury Monika
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in out-of-hospital conditions is a frequent condition of immediate life-emergency of cardiological background. The survival and discharge rate in SCA patients treated by medical services is still at a low level. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze selected parameters of the quality of chest compressions and relaxation performed by nursing staff as part of out-of-hospital SCA. Material and methods. The study covered a group of 48 nurses working in primary health care in branches of conservative (PRE/C = 24 people, mean age 33.04 ± 9.20) and surgery profile (PRE/I = 24 people, average age 31.88 ± 9.97), participating in the research project of the Center for Medical and Natural Sciences Research and Innovation, University of Rzeszów in Rzeszów. Two months after the initial examination and intervention, the test was repeated. The assessment of selected compression and relaxation parameters was performed using the True CPR Resuscitation Assistant. The statistical analysis of the collected material was carried out with the SPSS Statistics 20 software. The statistical analysis used the analysis of variables using parametric and non-parametric tests. The statistical significance was assumed at p < 0.05. Results. Initially, a high percentage of the effectiveness of the most important compression and relaxation parameters of the chest was obtained during 2-minute out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (PRE/C: 51 mm depth, 83.92% relaxation, frequency 115.46 vs. PRE/I: depth: 47.58 mm, relaxation: 92.54, frequency: 109.96, p < 0.05). After two months, similar parametric values were observed with no statistical significance (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The initial high quality of compressions and relaxation was found in nurses participating in the simulated out-of-hospital SCA, while there were no significant differences between primary health care nurses working at conservative departments and nurses from surgical ones. After a two-month interval from the initial examination and training, high CPR effectiveness was observed based on the guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council from 2015.
Efekty ćwiczeń zwiększających ruchomość stawów kończyn dolnych u mężczyzn po 60. roku życia
Authors: Nyc Małgorzata , Fugiel Jarosław , Ignasiak Tomasz , Rohan Anna
Published: April 2021

Aging is accompanied by multiple changes, including articular degeneration and limited articular mobility, which may cause pain. Functional capability in a senior age is crucial to ensure the comfort of life for as long as possible. Therefore, it is important to take actions to maintain the proper range of mobility in the joints. Systematic practice of properly selected exercises is one of such methods. The aim of the research was to assess the effects of a physical exercise programme used in men over 60 years of age. The study was conducted in a group of men between 60 and 75 years of age. All participants took part in a 6-week exercise programme. The range of lower limb joint mobility was assessed at baseline and after exercise programme completion. The results obtained indicate that the proposed exercise programme contributed to increased joint mobility in both lower limbs. Statistically significant differences were found for all types of movements except for flexion in the ankle joint. The 6-week exercise programme seems sufficient to increase articular mobility in men over 60 years of age
Burak – właściwości prozdrowotne i nie tylko
Authors: Zdrojewicz Zygmunt , Cendal Izabela , Powązka Mateusz
Published: April 2021

According to available data, beetroot (Beta vulgaris) has been known and used in Poland since the XVth century. It has edible both root and leaves. Beet is often used in Polish kitchen, raw and heat-treated, pasteurized, pickled, and its low calorific value is conducive to a varied diet, because it contains micro- and macroelements and vitamins necessary to keep our body function well. Beet is a source of fiber, which has a positive effect impact on the intestinal function and regulates the level of cholesterol in the blood. Also high content of potassium supports the prevention of heart diseases. It consists betanin to improve liver’s function, as well as large amounts of vitamin C, which has positive influence on the immune system and both with flavonoids, strengthen the capillary walls. What is more the carotene contained in it prevents cataracts and macular degeneration. Consumption of beets is especially recommended to pregnant women, because beet is a source of B vitamins, which have a positive effect on the development of the fetal neural tube. The studies on effectiveness of betacyanine in preventing the development of skin, lung, colon, breast and prostate cancer has been proven. A large amount of nitrates present in raw beetroot juice contributes to the increase of endurance during physical activity, and high carbohydrate content supports effective training. A less known fact is that beet is also considered a natural aphrodisiac. Unfortunately, it is dangerous for patients with a history of kidney or gallbladder stones. By analyzing the above examples, we are trying to prove that beetroot is not only delicious vegetable but also really healthy diet composition. The aim of the article is to present the health-promoting properties of beetroot and its preserves, also to introduced the history of beetroot and subject of using the word beetroot as a negative human term.
Knowledge about dentin hypersensitivity: A questionnaire-based survey among dental students and young dentists
Authors:   Department of Odontology, Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Jassy, Jassy, Romania, Bologa Emilia , Stoleriu Simona ,   Department of Odontology, Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Jassy, Jassy, Romania, Ghiorghe Angela Cristina ,   Department of Odontology, Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Jassy, Jassy, Romania, Pancu Galina ,   Department of Odontology, Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Jassy, Jassy, Romania, Nica Irina ,   Department of Odontology, Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Jassy, Jassy, Romania, Andrian Sorin ,   Department of Odontology, Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Jassy, Jassy, Romania
Published: April 2021

Introduction Continued education is a fundamental characteristic of one’s working life, especially in the medical field. Keeping up to date should be a mandatory element of dental practice. Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) has been a long-term significant challenge for practitioners due to the uncertainties around its diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge of senior dental students and young doctors with respect to this dental pathology. Methodology A total of 632 self-administered questionnaire were distributed to dental students and doctors for data collection. The 10 questions investigated the knowledge about the description of pain in DH, triggering and predisposing factors, treatment strategies, preventive and treatment measures, remineralization products, etiological factors of dental wear, and main characteristics of DH. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Standard descriptive statistics were computed and analytical statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s chi-square test. Results The response rate for dental students was 87.87% and 10.2% for young doctors. Most respondents revealed a good level of knowledge regarding pain characterization, triggering factors, and predisposing factors of dentin hypersensitivity, and a satisfactory level for the disease management strategies. The average score of the questionnaire recorded at group level was 42.253. Conclusion Young dentists had better knowledge of DH compared to 6th-year dental students. The information obtained from this study revealed that there is a need to provide better theoretical but also clinical teaching opportunities to students, as well as continued educational programs to young doctors.
Unmet dental treatment need impairs quality of life in Hepatitis C Virus-infected patients
Authors:   Cátedra de Biofísica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Farias Miguel Angel , Medici Silvia Andrea ,   Clínica para la Atención de Pacientes de Alto Riesgo I, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,   Cátedra de Odontología Preventiva y Comunitaria, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Squassi Aldo Fabián ,   Clínica para la Atención de Pacientes de Alto Riesgo I, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,   Cátedra de Odontología Preventiva y Comunitaria, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Sánchez Gabriel Antonio ,   Cátedra de Biofísica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,   Clínica para la Atención de Pacientes de Alto Riesgo I, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Published: April 2021

Introduction The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a health condition affecting 3% of the world population, which oral manifestations and associated factors interest both physicians and dentists. The aim of this work was to describe the dental treatment need and the impact of the perception of the oral component of health on the quality of life in HCV+ patients. Methodology Descriptive study on a convenience sample. 45 HCV+ patients (46±5 y.o.) completed the OHIP-14 questionnaire, which consists of 14 questions grouped in 7 domains (D1 functional limitation, D2 physical pain, D3 psychological discomfort, D4 physical disability, D5 psychological disability, D6 social disability and D7 general disability). The participants indicated their responses using a Likert-type frequency scale. The Community Caries Index of Treatment Need (CCITN) was determined for each patient. The proportion and CI95% of the social impact on the quality of life were calculated. The association between CCITN and the quality of life was assessed by Chi2 (p<0.05). Results The CCITN was 11 (8-14). The overall social impact was 38% (24-52%). The increasing order relationship of the impact on each of the domains was D1, D7, D6, D4, D5, D2, D3. A significant association between oral health-related quality of life and CCITN was observed (Chi2 = 7.57, p = 0.006), showing greater impairment of the quality of life as the treatment need increased. Conclusion The association between CCITN and quality of life becomes evident using OHIP-14 during dental appointments. The results suggest the need for comprehensive interventions during the provision of oral health care to HCV+ patients.
NO Degradation on the Anatase TiO2 (001) Surface in the Presence of Water
Authors: Köppen Susan , Gupta Verena Kristin , Balzaretti Filippo , Gou Pu , Frauenheim Thomas , Garcia Adriel Dominguez
Published: April 2021

Two possible CT induced oxidation mechanisms for NO have been demonstrated, which show the formation of HONO+ by the interaction with water or the formation of NO+2 with a surface oxygen.

Our results indicated, that an excitation in the visible does in most cases lead to the creation of a hole on the NO molecule and an electron in the CB of TiO2.
High Energy Density Single Crystal NMC/Li6PS5Cl Cathodes for All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Doerrer Christopher , Capone Isaac , Narayanan Sudarshan , Liu Junliang , Grovenor Christopher , Pasta Mauro , Grant Patrick
Published: April 2021

To match the high capacity of metallic anodes, all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) re- quire high energy density, long-lasting composite cathodes such as Ni-Mn-Co (NMC)- based lithium oxides mixed with a solid-state electrolyte (SSE). However in practice, cathode capacity typically fades due to NMC cracking and increasing NMC/SSE in- terface debonding because of NMC pulverization, which is only partially mitigated by the application of a high cell pressure during cycling. Using smart processing proto- cols we report a single crystal particulate LiNi0.83Mn0.06Co0.11O2 and Li6PS5Cl SSE composite cathode with outstanding discharge capacity of 210 mAh g−1 at 30 °C. A first cycle coulombic efficiency of >85%, and >99% thereafter, was achieved despite a 5.5% volume change during cycling. A near-practical discharge capacity at a high areal capacity of 8.7 mAh cm−2 was obtained using a novel asymmetric anode/cathode cycling pressure of only 2.5 MPa/0.2 MPa.
Copper Sulfide as the Cation Exchange Template for Synthesis of Bimetallic Catalysts for CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Li Jinghan , Li Junrui , Dun Chaochao , Zhang Di , Gu Jiajun , Urban Jeffrey J. , Ager Joel
Published: April 2021

Among metals used for CO2 electroreduction in water, Cu appears to be unique in its ability to produce C2+ products like ethylene. Bimetallic combinations of Cu with other metals have been investigated with the goal of steering selectivity via creating a tandem pathway through the CO intermediate or by changing the surface electronic structure. Here, we demonstrate a facile cation exchange method to synthesize Ag/Cu electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction using Cu sulfides as a growth template. Beginning with Cu2−xS nanosheets (C?nano-0, 100 nm lateral dimension, 10 nm thick), varying the Ag+ concentration in the exchange solution produces a gradual change in crystal structure from Cu7S4 to Ag2S, as the Ag/Cu mass ratio varies from 0.1 to 10 (CA-nano-x, x indicating increasing Ag fraction). After cation exchange, the nanosheet morphology remains but with increased shape distortion as the Ag fraction is increased. Interestingly, the control (C-nano-0) and cation exchanged nanosheets have very high Faradaic efficiency for producing formate at low overpotential (−0.2 V vs. RHE). The primary effect of Ag incorporation is increased production of C2+ products at −1.0 V vs. RHE compared with C-nano-0, which primarily produces formate. Cation exchange can also be used to modify the surface of Cu foils. A two-step electro-oxidation/sulfurization process was used to form Cu sulfides on Cu foil (C-foil-x) to a depth of a few 10s of microns. With lower Ag+ concentrations, cation exchange produces uniformly dispersed Ag; however, at higher concentrations, Ag particles nucleate on the surface. During CO2 electroreduction testing, the product distribution for Ag/Cu sulfides on Cu foil (CA-foil-x-y) changes in time with an initial increase in ethylene and methane production followed by a decrease as more H2 is produced. The catalysts undergo a morphology evolution towards a nest-like structure which could be responsible for the change in selectivity. For cation-exchanged nanosheets (CA-nano-x), pre-reduction at negative potentials increases the CO2 reduction selectivity compared to tests of as-synthesized material, although this led to the aggregation of nanosheets into filaments. Both types of bimetallic catalysts are capable of selective reduction of CO2 to multi-carbon products, although the optimal configurations appear to be metastable.
Current issues and critical tasks of university science
Authors: Eliseev B. P.
Published: April 2021

The Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation celebrates the 50th anniversary as a well-known scientific and educational center integrated into the national scientific and innovation system. The strategic government initiatives are based on the recognition of scientific and technological achievements as the key factors in the transition of the Russian economy into a qualitatively new development model; the formation of a geopolitical status that determines the country's position in the global economy, the opportunity and conditions for its integration into the world economic system; competitiveness in global high-tech markets. The analysis of the targets results of the State Acts, including the Strategy for Innovative Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020, shows that despite the undertaken efforts, considerable positive changes in state and effectiveness of national science in general as well as university science in particular, have not taken place yet. The planned values of individual indicators (domestic research and development costs, the share of the higher education sector in domestic research costs, scientometric indicators of Russian authors’ publications in the international databases of Scopus and Web of Science, etc.) have not been achieved. The reasons for unsatisfactory dynamics are considered. It is noted that university science is the richest state-resource that means intellectual capital, scientific schools, talented youth, connections with academic research institutes, manufacture and business, which, by means of the appropriate state policy, can make universities the centers for integration of individual subjects of scientific and innovative activity, ensuring a functional connection. The specific aspects of scientific work in industry universities are highlighted. The priority tasks for modernization of research process and innovation activities in MSTUCA are defined in accordance with the University Development Strategy until 2030.
The Effectivenes of Modeling Instruction Learning on Students’ Conceptual Understanding of Rotational Dynamic
Authors: Verlinda Sherly , Sutopo Sutopo , Latifah Eny
Published: April 2021

Rotational Dynamics is one of the physics topics which is quite difficult for students. Several previous studies showed students’ difficulties on this topic, one of which is the aspect of students’ conceptual understanding. Modeling instruction is the effective approach to improve students’ understanding. This model is in line with constructivist theory and cognitive model theory. This research aimed to examine the effectiveness of modeling instruction that we developed to improve students' conceptual understanding of rigid body mechanics, where the knowledge of particle mechanics serve as anchor or bridging to develop model of rigid body. This research used mixed method with embedded experimental design. It used one group pretest-posttest design and involved 65 students of a high school in Malang as the subject. Data were gathered using test consisting of 17 multiple-choice items with explanation. The students’ scores were analyzed quantitatively using t-test and N-gain to measure the improvement of students’ understanding, while the students' reasons were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed the average students’ score increased from 1.62 to 9.92 with N-gain of 0.54 (in upper medium category). We concluded that the modeling instruction was effective to improve students’ conceptual understanding.
Modifikasi Skema Teknik Tanam Padi dan Bajak Sawah Berbasis Square Transposition 64-bit
Authors: Najoan Nadya Glorya , Pakereng Magdalena Irene
Published: April 2021

Cryptography is a study discussing mathematic technics that related to information security aspects such as secrecy, data integrity, and authenticity. Cryptography is also a method to secure data or information in the form of a password that makes it hard to understand the meaning. This research discusses how to modify a scheme while looking for random points using different pickup points and income points. While looking for the random point in the modified scheme research using the rice planting and field plow techniques, it has three testing processes which were runtest, monobit, and blockbit tests. This research used square transpositions 64-bit with the size 8x8 and it got a high result with p-value 7.32395E-10, p-value monobit 1.00000000 and p-value blockbit 1 that showed non-random result with the smallest p-value was 0.011662392 with p-value monobit 1.00000000 and the p-value blockbit 0.99990476 that made thisresearch got a random result.
Identifikasi Risiko Program Maintenance dalam Pengelolaan Proyek Berbasis Agile Menggunakan Pohon Klasifikasi
Authors: Hendrik Billyanto , Suteja Bernard Renaldy
Published: April 2021

Agile is a system development life cycle methodology that focuses on development interactions that involve the user with the development team led by the project manager as an intermediary between the client and the development team, with the project manager as the project leader, it is expected that this role can carry out project planning by making estimates and designing. project. The worst thing that can happen if the application fails to meet client expectations is the additional development time called maintenance, this risk will create losses to the company even though maintenance is an additional service, but this risk tends to be negative because it can have a negative impact on the company and members of the development team. responsible for the project, the project manager must be able to identify risks earlier during the sprint, so in this study we will discuss the analysis and risk identification of maintenance programs in agile-based project management, as a research analyst method will use a classification tree to group them so that It can be found at the sprint stage how much risk has started to be made, so that the project manager can make corrections at the next sprint to reduce maintenance risk
Effect on Regional integration on Inter-regional Trade in Africa
Authors:   1Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Kara, Togo. 2School of Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business, China, 100026.
Published: April 2021

Regional integration offers participating countries advantages including the enlargement of the economic space, increased efficiency and the development of interregional trade. In the African regional communities, these assets are slow to emerge because of insufficient progress in the implementation of protocols, lack of economic diversification and various supply-side constraints. Moreover, Africa’s ability to participate fully in world trade is currently hampered by weaknesses in private investment inflows, commodity dependence, non-existent or poorly developed infrastructure, and small regional markets
Deletion of 15q26.1 region with absence epilepsy respond to valproic acid: A Literature Overview and A Case Report from Qatar
Authors:   Pediatric neurology department, Sidra Medicine, Doha –Qatar.
Published: April 2021

Chromosomal abnormalities involving deletions and duplications are known to cause severe developmental disorders, including mental retardation, dysmorphism, and seizures, in children. As the technique of array-based comparative genomic hybridization is being applied more frequently in the diagnostic evaluation of children with developmental disorders; novel pathologic chromosomal abnormalities are being identified in relation to various type of epilepsies in childhood. We report the case of a 4-year-old girl with a history of speech delay and communication disorder, mild dysmorphic features, and absence epilepsy with a de novo microdeletion 15q26.1. A much larger (5 Mb) but overlapping microdeletion has been previously reported in similar several cases with similar phenotype including intractable myoclonic and absence epilepsy, growth delay, and dysmorphic features. This leads us to propose that a potential candidate gene or genes within the deleted region involved in the pathogenesis of some forms of generalized intractable epilepsy, previously considered idiopathic should consider genetic study for childhood epilepsies especially if it was associated with underlying developmental delay in any particular aspect as speech delay in our case.
Ecuación modelo operacional con aplicación de balance de materia en estado no estacionario.// Operational model equation applying material balance in a non-stationary state.
Authors: Contreras-Dioses Oscar , Quezada-Correa Lady , Quezada-Correa Edisson , Cuenca-Mayorga Fabián
Published: April 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo principal determinar la ecuación modelo operacional aplicando el principio de balance de materia en estado no estacionario. Para la representación del proceso se utilizó un tanque con agua el cual simulada el caudal de entrada al tanque que contenía una solución concentrada de 33° Brix, y de este se desprendía un caudal de salida a un tercer tanque. Las muestras se recolectaron del caudal de salida del segundo tanque en un rango de tiempo de 30 segundos, obteniendo un total de 20 muestras, luego se evaluó su concentración en °Brix analizando en el laboratorio. En la parte operacional se aplica un balance de materia en estado estacionario donde se determinó la ecuación modelo donde al aplicar el tiempo en el cual se recolecto la muestra se determinaba su concentración en °Brix. Se analizó los datos arrojados por análisis de laboratorio y los obtenidos por aplicación de la ecuación modelo en el programa estadístico Statgraphics Centurion XVI.I, el cual determino que no existió diferencia significativa entre cada uno de los datos estudiados. La ecuación modelo establecida  para determinación de la concentración de una sustancia resulto útil en al investigación y  para su aplicación en futuros estudios. AbstractThe aim of the present research work was to determine mathematical model of the operational equation applying non-stationary state material balance principle. A tank filled with water was used for the representation of the mechanical process, which simulated an input flow to a tank containing a 33° Brix sucrose concentrated solution, from where an output flow to a third tank was released. The samples were collected from the second tank output flow in time ranges of thirty seconds; a total number of twenty samples were obtained. For each sample, concentration in means of °Brix, was registered in laboratory facilities. In the operational part of the present research, a material balance in non-stationary state was utilized. The model equation for the previously mentioned state, where applying time when a sample was collected and its concentration by means of °Brix, was determined. Obtained data from laboratory analysis and from the model equation application were analyzed with statistical package Statgraphics Centurion XVI.I version XVI 16.1.18. For each data set compared, no significant differences were found. The established model equation for the determination of the concentration of a substance was useful in this investigation and it can be used in further research works.
Explorando las Aulas de Clase de Inglés en Cañar: Currículo, instrucción y aprendizaje.//Exploring the English language classrooms in Cañar: Curriculum, instruction and learning.
Authors: Ortega-Auquilla Diego P. , Minchala-Buri Olga E.
Published: April 2021

La presente investigación tiene como propósito conocer cómo se lleva a cabo la enseñanza y aprendizaje del inglés en el marco del currículo actual en el último año de Bachillerato General Unificado (BGU) de ocho unidades educativas públicas y rurales en un cantón de la provincia de Cañar. En primer lugar, se determinó el nivel de suficiencia de inglés de los estudiantes de BGU, lo cual también permitió conocer en qué competencias lingüísticas existen mayores y menores dificultades. Luego se realizaron observaciones directas para identificar cómo la enseñanza del inglés se lleva cabo en las aulas de clase. Del mismo modo, grupos focales y entrevistas fueron realizados para conocer los puntos de vista de los estudiantes y de ocho profesores acerca de aspectos claves de la asignatura de inglés. Los resultados indicaron que los estudiantes tienen un bajo nivel de suficiencia y que en gran medida la enseñanza no está alineada al currículo de inglés. Para finalizar, se obtuvo que los estudiantes tienen puntos de vista positivos sobre el aprendizaje del inglés, resaltando la utilidad e importancia de este idioma, del mismo modo, para los docentes representa un reto la implementación del enfoque metodológico de enseñanza incorporado en el currículo, por ello, necesario medidas efectivas para mejorar la educación pública en inglés. AbstractThe purpose of this research is to find out how the teaching and learning of English is carried out within the framework of the current curriculum in the last year of the Unified General Baccalaureate (BGU) of eight public and rural educational units in a canton in the province of Cañar. In the first place, the level of English proficiency of the BGU students was determined, which also made it possible to know in which language skills there are greater and lesser difficulties. Direct observations were then made to identify how English is taught in classrooms. Similarly, focus groups and interviews were conducted to hear the views of students and eight teachers on key aspects of the English subject. The results indicated that the students have a low level of proficiency and that to a large extent the teaching is not aligned with the English curriculum. To conclude, it was obtained that the students have positive points of view on learning English, highlighting the usefulness and importance of this language, in the same way, for the teachers it represents a challenge to implement the methodological approach of teaching incorporated in the curriculum, for that reason, effective measures are necessary to improve public education in English.
Articulación de servicios educativos -Redes educativas-. // Articulation of educational services -Educational networks-
Authors: Sáenz-Andrade Álvaro
Published: April 2021

Este artículo propone una reorganización de la institucionalidad educativa, en Ecuador, en función de conseguir una articulación de los servicios educativos que permita mejorar la cobertura y calidad de la educación sin necesidad de nuevas inversiones. Esta propuesta confronta el paradigma de que cada unidad educativa debe contar con todos los recursos en su interior para llevar a cabo el proceso educativo. Desarrolla aspectos de gestión para implementar la articulación propuesta. Concluye que, con una visión de articulación y redes educativas se supera el falso dilema entre unidades educativas grandes y pequeñas. AbstractThis article proposes a reorganization of educational institutions in Ecuador, in order to achieve an articulation of educational services that allows improving the coverage and quality of education without the need for new investments. This proposal confronts the paradigm that each educational unit must have all the resources within it to carry out the educational process. It develops management aspects to implement the proposed articulation. It concludes that, with a vision of articulation and educational networks, the false dilemma between large and small educational units can be overcome.
¿QUÉ SIGNIFICA “FUNDAMENTOS FILOSÓFICOS” DE UN MODELO EDUCATIVO DE CALIDAD?
Authors: Morales-Gómez Gonzalo , Reza-Suárez Lilian , Galindo-Mosquera Santiago , Rizzo-Bajaña Pedro
Published: April 2021

En el presente artículo, desarrollado a modo de ensayo crítico con metodología documental de tipo histórico-filosófico, se exploran los fundamentos filosóficos en los que debería cimentarse un modelo educativo de calidad, que implica al ser humano en su totalidad; es decir, con su estructura biopsicosocial y espiritual. En efecto, la educación depende sustancialmente de la visión de la naturaleza humana que se tenga y de los fines de la educación que se persigan. La educación exige una finalidad (telos) centrada en un perfil deseado de hombre o mujer, en un ideal de vida o en un proyecto de sociedad, para lo cual se requiere poseer un conocimiento adecuado del ser humano, que es un ser “hipercomplejo” (Morin), y una claridad meridiana sobre los principios que han de orientar dicha educación.  Además de los principios y los fines, las propuestas educativas deben tomar en cuenta también los criterios, las premisas, los valores, los conceptos y los contextos, que servirán de soporte filosófico a la praxis curricular y pedagógica concreta.
Distribución del tamaño de agregados de asfaltenos mediante análisis de imágenes y su influencia en la eficiencia de productos dispersantes
Authors: Marín-Velásquez Tomás , Arriojas-Tocuyo Dany
Published: April 2021

La precipitación de asfaltenos en el petróleo es un fenómeno bastante estudiado, sin embargo, se sabe poco del efecto que causa el tamaño de estos agregados sobre la eficiencia de los productos dispersantes. La investigación se basó en determinar la distribución de tamaño de los agregados de asfaltenos mediante el análisis de imágenes y la influencia del diámetro promedio en la eficiencia de productos dispersantes. Se utilizaron 10 crudos del norte de Monagas, Venezuela La formación de agregados en cada muestra se determinó aplicando n-heptano, microscopía óptica y el punto de dispersión con tres productos dispersantes, para luego calcular el índice de inestabilidad. Se tomaron microfotografías de los agregados y el diámetro promedio fue calculado por el método del círculo equivalente. La distribución granulométrica y la correlación entre el diámetro promedio y la eficiencia de los productos dispersantes se obtuvo con el paquete estadístico Statgraphics Centurion XVI. El tamaño de agregados no se distribuye de forma normal y la relación entre el índice de inestabilidad y el diámetro promedio fue muy fuerte, inversa y significativa para cada uno de los productos, con un nivel de confianza del 95%.
Calidad Calidad física y química de tres compost, elaborados con residuos de jardinería, pergamino de café y bora (Eichhornia Crassipes)
Authors: Rivas-Nichorzon Magalys , Silva-Acuña Ramón
Published: April 2021

El compostaje es una técnica viable en la degradación de residuos orgánicos que de acuerdo a las materias utilizadas, sus características están relacionadas con el producto final. El objetivo fue evaluar la calidad física y química de tres compost elaborados a partir de residuos de jardinería, pergamino de café y bora. El diseño estadístico fue completamente aleatorizado, con tres tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Se determinó: porosidad total (PT), porosidad de aireación (PA), capacidad de retención de agua (CRA), densidad aparente (Da), densidad de partículas (Dp), pH, materia orgánica (MO), carbono orgánico (CO), nitrógeno total (NT), relación carbono/nitrógeno (C/N); conductividad eléctrica (CE) y los contenidos de macro y micronutrimentos Se les realizó análisis de varianza y los valores promedios comparados por la prueba de Tukey al 5% de probabilidad. Hubo diferencias significativas (P < 0,05) entre los compost para todas las variables analizadas, excepto para Dp, pH, C/N y contenido de Aluminio. El compost de pergamino de café presentó los valores más altos de PT, PA. El pH,  CE y C/N en todos los compost estuvieron en el rango establecido, mientras que, el %MO, %CO, estaban por debajo de los valores óptimos. El compost de bora presentó los promedios más elevados de nutrimentos.
Niveles de recaudación tributaria e inversión pública a nivel departamental en el Perú, 2008 - 2017
Authors: Manrique-Cáceres Jorge , Narváez-Soto José
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la relación entre los niveles de recaudación tributaria y la inversión pública a nivel departamental en el Perú durante el periodo 2008 – 2017. Se realizó un análisis cuantitativo de tipo correlacional y explicativo; en primer lugar, se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo y, posteriormente, se estimó una serie de modelos de datos de panel considerando los distintos tipos de impuestos recaudados por el gobierno central. Con base a los resultados encontrados se demostró que, existe una relación causal directa entre los niveles de recaudación tributaria y la inversión pública a nivel departamental, siendo más significativos el impuesto general a las ventas y el impuesto a la renta. Además, se encontró que existe una gran heterogeneidad y concentración de las capacidades e ingresos tributarios entre los departamentos del país.
Generación de tecnologías para incrementar la productividad del algodón Gossypium hirsutum L. en Manabí, Ecuador
Authors: Cañarte-Bermúdez Ernesto , Sotelo-Proaño Rafael , Navarrete-Cedeño Bernardo
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue generar tecnología para la producción de algodón. En ese sentido se evaluó la respuesta de dos variedades (DP-Acala 90 y Coker) a dos densidades de siembra (62.500 y 50.000 plantas ha-1) y dos programas de manejo agronómico (tecnología INIAP y tecnología clásica). El ensayo se realizó en la época seca de 2018, en la Estación Portoviejo del INIAP (01°09´51”S, 80°23´24”W, 60 msnm y 26,4 °C, 81% de HR, 851,57 mm). Se formaron ocho tratamientos, dispuestos en un Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar con Arreglo de Parcelas Subdivididas, con cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluaron variables agronómicas, fitosanitarias y productivas. La densidad de 50.000 plantas ha-1 tuvo menor incidencia de insectos-plaga, como trozadores y trips, además de una mejor relación peso fibra/semilla. La variedad DP Acala-90, se comportó significativamente mejor frente a la incidencia de trips y mosca blanca, además, presentó una mejor relación porcentual de peso fibra/semilla. El uso de la tecnología INIAP, tuvo significativamente más rendimiento que la tecnología clásica.
Elaboración de un instrumento de auditoría que evalúa la seguridad lógica aplicable en servidores en Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior de la Zona 5 del Ecuador
Authors: Chifla-Villón Mario , Puma- Aucapiña Luis , Villacís-Real Kléber
Published: April 2021

La globalización informática a nivel mundial lleva a las Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior de la República del Ecuador a precautelar la seguridad de la información, de sus activos de información a través de auditorías en los servidores web. La importancia de evaluar la seguridad lógica de estos servidores radica en la relación de seguridad de la información, el análisis y la selección de estándares que permitan una alineación en los controles de seguridad y sus técnicas de validación a través de instrumentos fiables y relevantes. El objetivo de esta investigación es diseñar un instrumento que permita auditar a servidores con aplicaciones web basados en la norma ISO 27002:2013. Para este estudio se consideró una investigación cualitativa descriptiva que permitiera reflejar la actitud humana frente al uso y el control de seguridad de la información, seguridad de activos de información y decretos ejecutivos que llevó al análisis de las normas ISO 27002:2013 y NIST 800-53 R4. Se crea un instrumento con 82 ítems con una validez y confiabilidad que lo brinda el focus group y el juicio de expertos, que permite alcanzar planes correctivos de los servidores web, sus vulnerabilidades y la adopción sobre medidas de seguridad para las IES evitando pérdidas económicas o retraso en la entrega de servicios informáticos lo que podría conllevar a deteriorar la reputación de la organización.
Farmacia verde: alternativa de vida con mirada al mundo de tecnologías limpias para nuestro ecosistema
Authors: Mackliff-Jaramillo Carolina , Gutiérrez-Peralta Ninoska , Espinoza-Correa Roger , Segura-Osorio Marisela
Published: April 2021

La naturaleza provee de elementos terapéuticos con beneficios incalculables para establecer una medicina segura, efectiva y a bajo costo. No obstante, la demanda en el uso, comercialización y fabricación de productos sintéticos actualmente va en aumento. Sin embargo, los medicamentos sintéticos no siempre brindan la seguridad y efectividad para los cuales son administrados, influyendo principalmente en los efectos contraproducentes por el uso irracional de los mismos. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación es describir la importancia de la Farmacia Verde o Fitofarmacia, como tecnología limpia para el cuidado del ecosistema y relacionar los factores asociados a la contaminación ambiental que resultan de la farmacia sintética. Se adopta una metodología investigativa y descriptiva con información científica confiable resaltando los beneficios de la fitofarmacia en relación al medio ambiente. Los fármacos de origen químico son considerados una clase de contaminantes emergentes para el medio ambiente, por lo que se concluye que los fitofármacos se estiman como la alternativa prioritaria con enfoque a nuevas miradas hacia un mundo limpio, proyectando soluciones amigables al ecosistema y su interrelación con los seres humanos.
Marketing ecológico y comportamiento proambiental en estudiantes de un instituto privado de Lima (Perú), 2019
Authors: Salas-Canales Hugo
Published: April 2021

El propósito de la investigación fue determinar la relación entre las estrategias de marketing ecológico y el comportamiento proambiental en los estudiantes de un instituto superior tecnológico privado de Lima Metropolitana (Perú) durante el año 2019. Para una mejor evaluación, la variable estrategias de marketing ecológico fue subdividida en producto ecológico, precio ecológico, plaza ecológica y promoción ecológica; por su parte la variable comportamiento proambiental fue subdividida en gestión de recursos, gestión de residuos y consumo ecológico. Metodológicamente, la investigación se efectuó bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, tuvo un alcance correlacional y empleó el diseño no experimental transeccional correlacional-causal. Los participantes del estudio fueron 192 estudiantes de la especialidad de Enfermería Técnica. Como instrumentos de recolección de datos se utilizaron dos escalas desarrolladas por otros autores (una por cada variable), para poder indagar sobre las variables de estudio; además, para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron programas de código abierto como el JASP versión 0.11.1 y FACTOR versión 10.9.02. Con la data recolectada y analizada, se pudo concluir la existencia de una correlación fuerte y significativa entre las estrategias de marketing ecológico y el comportamiento proambiental (p < 0.05), debido a que se halló un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman de 0.815.
Character Improvement of Red Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cv. Barak Cenana by Mutagenesis using Gamma Irradiation
Authors: Pujiyanti Aloysia Sri , Wijaya Bintang Kerta , Artadana Ida Bagus Made , Hardjo Popy Hartatie , Purwanto Maria Goretti Marianti
Published: April 2021

Red rice cv. Barak Cenana is a local Indonesian rice which is widely planted in Tabanan Regency, Bali. Barak Cenana red rice has potential as a functional food because it contains a lot of nutrients. However, this rice has an unfavorable character, such as long harvest time so that it can only be harvested once a year, and tall stature that causes plants to lodge easily, reducing its productivity. This study aims to determine the effect of gamma rays on growth and development as well as changes in character to obtain mutants plants that have better character. In this research, Barak Cenana seeds were irradiated using gamma rays with irradiation doses of 100 gy, 200 gy, 400 gy, and 800 gy. Furthermore, radiated seeds were planted in the greenhouse and characterized during the vegetative and generative phases including shoot length, harvest time, chlorophyll content, the number of productive tillers, the number of grain contents, the weight of 1,000 seeds, and the polymorphism profile using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis (RAPD). The results of this study indicate that all radiation doses produce plants with random characters. Mutations using gamma rays at doses of 100 gy and 400 gy produced plants with better phenotypic characters than wild-type that is shorter plants, shorter harvest times, and more grain content. In addition, the results of the RAPD analysis confirm that there are genetic changes in irradiated rice. This mutants has the potential to reproduce germplasm and to obtain the next generation of mutants that have higher productivity and shorter plant heights.