bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Совершенствование дисциплинарной практики в территориальных органах МВД России
Authors: Куракин А.В. , Коврова В.Г. , Клочко Ю.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье представлен анализ дисциплинарной практики в территориальных органах МВД России, рассматриваются средства ее обеспечения. Раскрывается сущность дисциплинарной практики, отмечаются правовые и организационные проблемы, имеющие место в деле обеспечения дисциплинарной практики. Обосновывается необходимость обеспечения дисциплины и законности в территориальных органах МВД России, при этом акцентируется внимание на особой роли личности руководителя и необходимости его постоянной работы над совершенствованием своего профессионального уровня и мировоззрения. Обращается внимание на то, что совершенствование различных средств и методов дисциплинарной практики позволит улучшить ее качество. Критический анализ проблем, возникающих при реализации различных средств дисциплинарной практики, позволил авторам предложить пути их решения. Авторы обосновывают мнение, что целесообразно применять весь комплекс средств и методов дисциплинарной практики, используя индивидуальный подход к каждому сотруднику.

The article presents an analysis of disciplinary practice in the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and discusses the means of ensuring it. The essence of disciplinary practice is revealed, the legal and organizational problems that take place in the matter of ensuring disciplinary practice are noted. The necessity of ensuring discipline and legality in the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is substantiated, while attention is focused on the special role of the leader's personality and the need for his constant work to improve his professional level and worldview. Attention is drawn to the fact that the improvement of various means and methods of disciplinary practice will improve its quality. A critical analysis of the problems that arise in the implementation of various means of disciplinary practice allowed the authors to suggest ways to solve them. The authors substantiate that it is advisable to use the whole range of means and methods of disciplinary practice, using an individual approach to each employee.
Формирование законодательных основ организации деятельности органов местного самоуправления
Authors: Ревуцкая В.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье представлен обзорный анализ норм федерального законодательства об организации деятельности органов местного самоуправления в период с 1990-х годов до настоящего времени, а также правовые позиции Конституционного Суда РФ о правовой природе органов местного самоуправления. В контексте новой модели публичной власти очевидно возрастание роли органов местного самоуправления. Автор приходит к выводу о значительной роли органов местного самоуправления в развитии Российской Федерации как правового демократического социального государства. В результате проведенного исследования сформулирован вывод о статусе органов местного самоуправления как органов публичной власти, ориентированных в своей управленческой деятельности на интересы населения, и о направлениях дальнейшего совершенствования нормативной правовой базы о местном самоуправлении.

The article presents an overview analysis of the norms of federal legislation on the organization of the activities of local governments in the period from the 1990s to the present, as well as the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the legal nature of local governments. In the context of the new model of public authority, an increase in the role of local governments is obvious. The author comes to the conclusion about the significant role of local governments in the development of the Russian Federation as a legal democratic social state. As a result of the study, a conclusion was formulated about the status of local self-government bodies as public authorities oriented in their management activities to the interests of the population, and about the directions for further improvement of the regulatory legal framework on local self-government.
Некоторые проблемы государственного управления в Российской Федерации
Authors: Попова Н.Ф.
Published: December 2024

Предметом исследования является организация государственного управления в Российской Федерации. Отмечается, что от качества государственного управления зависит доверие граждан России к власти, к осуществляемым ею мерам по устойчивому социально-экономическому развитию страны, повышению благосостояния жизни людей. В Российской Федерации многое делается для совершенствования системы государственного управления: принимаются документы стратегического планирования, оптимизируется структура органов государственного управления, совершенствуются методы и формы их работы, нормативная правовая база, применяются новейшие технологии. Но недостатки в системе государственного управления по-прежнему остаются и мешают переходу к цифровому государственному управлению. В результате исследования сформулированы такие существенные проблемы в сфере государственного управления, как несовершенство нормативной правовой базы, неэффективное использование бюджетных средств, институтов развития, коррупция, недостаточная цифровая компетенция госслужащих и др.

The subject of the study is the organization of public administration in the Russian Federation. It is concluded that the quality of public administration depends on the confidence of citizens of the Russian Federation in the authorities, in the measures taken by it for the sustainable socio-economic development of the country, improving the well-being of people's lives. In the Russian Federation, much is being done to improve the public administration system, strategic planning documents are being adopted, the structure of the GU bodies, the methods and forms of their work, the regulatory legal framework are being optimized, and the latest technologies are being applied. But shortcomings in the public administration system still remain and they hinder the transition to digital public administration. The result of the work was the formulation of some significant problems in the field of public administration in the Russian Federation, such as: imperfection of the regulatory legal framework of the State Administration, inefficient use of budget funds, development institutions, corruption, insufficient digital competence of civil servants and prospects for their elimination.
Аутсорсинг государственных функций: сущность и практика реализации в России
Authors: Овчинникова Ю.В. , Кузьмин И.М.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется внедрение аутсорсинга в сферу государственного управления Российской Федерации, проводится классификация государственных функций, представляются примеры аутсорсинга в современной России и последствия такого явления.

The article analyzes the introduction of outsourcing in the sphere of public administration of the Russian Federation, the classification of public functions, provides examples of outsourcing in modern Russia and the consequences of this phenomenon.
Международный договор как источник международного частного права: теоретико-правовые проблемы
Authors: Свирин Ю.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье исследуется вопрос о гносеологической сущности международного договора, выступающего в качестве источника международного частного права. Автор с учетом последних изменений в Конституции Российской Федерации определяет место международного договора в иерархии источников права. В статье также уделяется внимание вопросам подготовки международного договора и его ратификации.

The article explores the question of the epistemological essence of an international treaty, acting as a source of private international law. The author, taking into account the recent changes in the Constitution, defines the place of international treaty in the hierarchy of sources of law. The article also pays attention to the issues of preparation of international treaty and its ratification.
К проблеме гармонизации правового регулирования занятости населения стран СНГ в контексте евразийства
Authors: Баев В.Г. , Марченко А.Н.
Published: December 2024

В рецензии рассматриваются основные положения фундаментальной монографии Е.Е. Орловой “Гармонизация правового регулирования занятости населения государств — участников СНГ в контексте евразийской перспективы (Тамбов, 2021. 252 с.). Е.Е. Орлова обосновала в монографии ряд значимых научных тезисов. На основании положений, сформулированных в ее работе, представляется возможным формирование общего правового поля в сфере занятости населения стран СНГ. Разработана концепция гармонизации правового регулирования в сфере занятости населения стран СНГ. Предлагаемая концепция позволяет ввести в правореализационную практику общие принципы и подходы к вопросам правового регулирования занятости на всей территории государств — участников СНГ. Особая важность работы заключается в том, что проблемы занятости населения рассматриваются в контексте евразийской перспективы, что является важнейшим преимуществом монографии. Авторы рецензии пришли к выводу о том, что в работе Е.Е. Орловой гармонизация законодательства о занятости населения не является самоцелью, но представляет собой одну из ступеней к созданию общего рынка труда на постсоветском пространстве.

The review considers the main provisions of the fundamental monograph by E.E. Orlova “Harmonization of legal regulation of employment of the population of the CIS member states in the context of the Eurasian perspective (Tambov, 2021. 252 p.). E.E. Orlova substantiated a number of significant scientific theses in the monograph. Based on the provisions formulated in the monograph under review, it seems possible to form a general legal framework in the field of employment of the population of the CIS countries. The concept of harmonization of legislation on employment of the population has been developed. Researcher E.E. Orlova substantiated the advisability of applying this concept to the employment legislation of the CIS countries. The proposed concept makes it possible to introduce general principles and approaches to the issues of legal regulation of employment throughout the territory of the CIS member states into law enforcement practice. Of particular importance is the fact that the problems of employment of the population are considered in the context of the Eurasian perspective, which is the most important advantage of the monograph. In this review, we came to the conclusion that in the monograph under review, the harmonization of legislation on employment of the population is not an end in itself, but represents one of the steps towards the creation of a common labor market.
Международно-правовая защита детей, ставших жертвами преступлений.
Authors: Гришина Е.П. , Шеяфетдинова Н.А. , Соловьев А.А. , Розанова Е.В. , Ширяева С.В. , Игнатова О.В.
Published: December 2024

Защита прав и обеспечение безопасности жизни детей является одной из ключевых проблем и одним из наиболее трудноразрешимых вопросов всех людей, живущих на Планете. Трудности, возникающие на пути к цели достижения благополучия детей, во всем мире обусловлены рядом взаимосвязанных факторов, среди которых: вооруженные конфликты, экономический и политический кризис, приобретающие глобальные масштабы, перманентный рост преступных посягательств, жертвами которых все чаще становятся дети и подростки. В сложившейся ситуации усилия всех прогрессивных государств должны быть сконцентрированы на разрешении проблем защиты прав детей, ставших жертвами преступных посягательств. Национальные системы уголовного и уголовно-процессуального права формируются на основе стержневых положений международных нормативных документов о правах ребенка. В Российской Федерации оценке и обновлению в значительной степени подвержены нормы законодательства, направленные на обеспечение функционирования организационно-правового режима защиты несовершеннолетних потерпевших, особенно когда речь идет о преступлениях против половой свободы и половой неприкосновенности личности.

Protecting the rights and ensuring the safety of children's lives is one of the key problems and one of the most intractable issues of all people living on the planet. Difficulties on the path to achieving the well-being of children around the world are due to a number of interrelated factors, including: armed conflicts, an economic and political crisis that are acquiring global proportions, a permanent increase in criminal attacks, the victims of which are increasingly children and adolescents. In this situation, the efforts of all progressive states should be concentrated on resolving the problems of protecting the rights of children who have become victims of criminal offenses. National systems of criminal and criminal procedure law are formed on the basis of the core provisions of international normative documents on the rights of the child. In the Russian Federation, legislative norms aimed at ensuring the functioning of the organizational and legal regime for the protection of juvenile victims, especially when it comes to crimes against sexual freedom and sexual inviolability of the person, are largely subject to assessment and updating.
Роль и значение НАТО в международном праве
Authors: Луценко С.И.
Published: December 2024

Рассматриваются правовые особенности статуса такого международного института, как Организация Североатлантического Союза (НАТО). Целью данной организации является гарантирование свобод и обеспечение безопасности своих членов необходимыми политическими и военными средствами в соответствии с принципами Устава ООН. Автор прослеживает деятельность НАТО на протяжении последних десятилетий. Особое внимание уделяется нарушению организацией процедурных вопросов международного права, а также вменению НАТО и ее союзникам ответственности за эти нарушения, в том числе в отношении военных преступлений.

The legal features of the status of such an international institution as the Organization of the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO) are considered. The purpose of this organization is to guarantee the freedoms and security of its members by the necessary political and military means in accordance with the principles of the UN Charter. The author traces the activities of NATO over the past decades. Particular attention is paid to the organization's violations of procedural issues of international law, as well as to the imputation of NATO and its allies of responsibility for these violations, including in relation to war crimes.
Некоторые коллизионные вопросы административного судопроизводства России
Authors: Королева Т.Н.
Published: December 2024

Анализируются теоретические подходы к определению сущности правовых коллизий и причин их возникновения, а также проблем, связанных с устранением коллизий в праве и законодательстве. На примерах из судебной практики рассматривается разрешение некоторых коллизионных вопросов в административном судопроизводстве России, особенности применения коллизионных норм как в административном (внесудебном) порядке, так и в судебном.

Theoretical approaches to determining the essence of legal conflicts and the causes of their occurrence, as well as problems associated with the elimination of conflicts in law and legislation are analyzed. On examples from judicial practice, the resolution of some conflict issues in the administrative legal proceedings of Russia, the features of the application of conflict rules both in an administrative (out-of-court) order and in court are considered.
Математическая формализация конфликта агентов при достижении локальных целей
Authors: Россихина Л.В. , Торопов Б.А. , Макаров В.Ф. , Овчинский А.С.
Published: December 2024

В статье приведена математическая формализация конфликтного взаимодействия активных агентов, ориентированных на достижение своих локальных целей в процессе достижения общей цели организационной системы. Конфликт рассматривается как столкновение активных агентов из-за одного ресурса, обладание которым позволит достичь локальной цели. Представлены три вида отношений активного агента к данному ресурсу (обладание, безразличие, противодействие) с учетом их полезности в достижении локальной цели. Математически конфликт между агентами определяется установлением связей между элементами множества активных агентов с элементами множества ресурсов, из-за которых возник конфликт. Предложен алгоритм оценки взаимного воздействия активных агентов из-за ресурса в ядре конфликта, основанный на построении двудольного графа «активный агент – ресурс» и графа конфликта в организационной системе. Веса дуг двудольного графа определяются как величины функций полезности ресурса, из-за которого возник конфликт в достижении локальных целей активными агентами. Реализация алгоритма позволяет получить оценку степени столкновения активных агентов из-за одного ресурса и оценку взаимодействия активных агентов в ядре конфликта. Приведен пример выполнения алгоритма.

The article presents a mathematical formalization of the conflict interaction of active agents focused on achieving their local goals in the process of achieving the common goal of the organizational system. The conflict is considered as a clash of active agents over a single resource, the possession of which will allow achieving a local goal. Three types of relations of an active agent to a given resource (possession, non-distinction, opposition) are presented, taking into account their usefulness in achieving a local goal. Mathematically, the conflict between agents is determined by the establishment of links between the elements of the set of active agents with the elements of the set of resources that caused the conflict. An algorithm for evaluating the mutual impact of active agents due to a resource in the core of the conflict is proposed, based on the construction of a bipartite graph "active agent - resource" and a graph of conflict in the organizational system. The weights of the arcs of a bipartite graph are defined as the values of the utility functions of the resource that caused the conflict in achieving local goals by active agents. The implementation of the algorithm allows to obtain an assessment of the degree of collision of active agents due to a single resource and an assessment of the interaction of active agents in the core of the conflict. An example of the algorithm execution is given.
Effect of early shoot trimming on canopy architecture and vine performance of Carricante grapevines
Authors: Ferlito Filippo , Costantino Daria , Camuglia Serena , Las Casas Giuseppina , Giordano Lucia , Palliotti Alberto , Luca Leonardo Paul , La Malfa Stefano , Giuffrida Alessio , Rapisarda Lorenzo , Gentile Alessandra , Nicolosi Elisabetta
Published: December 2024

Morpho-physiological changes, excessive sugar accumulation, low acidity and color, and atypical flavors have been well documented worldwide as a consequence of global warming. These upheavals suggest a re-think of viticulture models and/or management strategies. This study focused on early shoot trimming to evaluate how changes in canopy architecture can influence its functionality and grape qualitative-quantitative traits. The experiment was carried out in 2023 in a 12-year-old vineyard on Etna Mount (Sicily island) on the white grape variety Carricante. At the BBCH73 stage (berries groat-sized), all shoots on 180 vines were trimmed at the height of the node above the last bunch (TR), whereas the other 180 vines were subjected to late shoot trimming during the last week of August (CT). The early trimming removed 61% of the total leaf area and did not cause any berry drop. The vine performances were influenced by high temperatures in summer, with peaks of over 46 °C, which were responsible for the premature senescence of basal leaves from primary shoots and the lack of development of laterals in CT vines. The TR determined a change in vine architecture, characterized by a reduced vigour and canopy height and an increase in the leaf area (+34%), thanks to lateral shoot development, resulting in the most dense canopy. In the TR vines, the yield and their components were unchanged compared to CT vines, whereas a reduction in sugar (21.6 vs. 23.1 °Brix) and an increase in polyphenols (+20%) were found.
Atomic Energy Accuracy of Neural Network Potentials: Harnessing Pre-training and Transfer Learning
Authors: Jung Gang Seob
Published: December 2024

Machine learning-based interatomic potentials (MLIPs) have transformed the prediction of potential energy surfaces (PESs), achieving accuracy comparable to ab initio calculations. However, atomic energy predictions, often assumed to lack physical meaning, remain underexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that inaccuracies in atomic energy predictions reduce the robustness and transferability of Neural Network Potentials (NNPs) and serve as a critical indicator of training data quality. We validate this finding using challenging configurations involving deformation and failure under tensile loading. By pre-training atomic energy predictions using empirical potentials and applying transfer learning with density functional theory (DFT) data, we achieve notable improvements in the accuracy of total energy, forces, and stress predictions. Furthermore, this approach enhances the robustness and transferability of NNPs, emphasizing the importance of atomic energy predictions in developing high-quality and reliable MLIPs.
Indoor Surface Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds induced by Germicidal UV (222 & 254 nm) Illumination.
Authors: Sørensen Sara Bjerre , Kristensen Kasper
Published: December 2024

The application of germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) lamps has recently attracted increased attention as a measure to mitigate indoor disease transmission. Among the most commonly employed are traditional mercury lamps and krypton-chloride excimer lamps, which emit UV-C light with peak wavelengths of 254 nm (GUV254) and 222 nm (GUV222) respectively. This study investigates volatile organic compound (VOC) surface emissions induced by GUV254 and GUV222 lamps across various surface materials. Near surface proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) measurements revealed significantly increased surface emissions during GUV illumination, enhancing emissions with up to >300% for a single compound. In addition to compounds intrinsic to the illuminated surface, GUV light also increased surface off-gassing of externally applied compounds including limonene and 4-oxopentanal (4-OPA). The magnitude of the enhanced surface emissions was found to decrease with the GUV light pathlength resembling the expected decrease of the irradiance. Overall, greater surface emissions were observed for the GUV222 lamp compared to the GUV254 lamp. Conclusively, this study identifies UV-induced surface emissions as a significant contributor to indoor VOCs during GUV lamp application.
Molecular dynamics simulation of fibronectin adsorption on peptoid brushes
Authors: Cheung David , Lau King Hang Aaron
Published: December 2024

In recent years there has been significant interest in the development of material surfaces that can control their interactions with proteins for mediating subsequent cell attachment. Such biointerfaces can have applications in e.g. medical devices and biosensors. However, non-specific adsorption of unrelated proteins and other biomolecules present in the cell environment can potentially mask the intended protein presentation. Recently surface-grafted peptoid-based polymer brushes, both neutral and zwitterionic, have emerged as candidate surfaces for resisting protein adsorption and anti-fouling applications due to their strong hydration and chain flexibility. On the other hand, specific peptoid sequences may also be prepared to enable specific protein binding interactions. However, molecular level insight into peptoid and brush interactions with proteins are both lacking. Using atomistic molecular dynamics simulation, we investigated the interaction of the fibronectin (Fn) FnIII9−10 domains, which exhibit fibronectin’s integrin cell adhesive motifs, with neutral polysarcosine and a sequence specific zwitterionic analog. As expected, peptoids simulated at different grafting densities exhibited protein adsorbing and antifouling regimes. however, comparison of independent adsorption simulations, including with different starting orientations of the protein, identified regions of FnIII9−10 that are typically involved in peptoid interactions, suggesting a degree of specificity in this. The binding regions were distinct from the integrin binding motifs and different interactions were observed between polysarcosine and the zwitterionic sequence. Unlike typical protein-surface adsorption, the specific interactions are driven by polar interactions. These observations give new insight into protein- surface interactions, which can be used to guide the development of new biomaterials.
N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Based Copolymers for Templated Synthesis and Stabilization of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Nguyen Suong , Brown Christopher , Zhang Wenxu , Kilgallon Landon , Johnson Jeremiah
Published: December 2024

Surface functionalization and colloidal stability are pivotal for numerous applications of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs). Over the past decade, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have emerged as promising ligands for stabilizing Au-NPs owing to their ease of synthesis, structural diversity, and strong metal-ligand bonds. Here, we introduce Au(I)-NHC copolymer scaffolds as novel precursors to multidentate NHC-protected Au-NPs. Ring-opening metathesis copolymerization of a norbornene-appended Au(I)-NHC complex with another functionalized norbornene comonomer provides a diverse array of Au(I)-NHC copolymers with modular compositions and structures. Upon reduction, these copolymers yield multidentate polyNHC-coated Au-NPs with varied properties and corona functionalities dictated by the secondary monomer. These nanoparticles exhibit greater size homogeneity compared to those prepared using existing methods for the bottom-up synthesis of polyNHC-Au-NPs and demonstrate exceptional stability against aggregation in various buffers, cell culture media, and under exposure to electrolytes, oxidants, and exogenous thiols over extended periods. Moreover, we showcase the first example of post-synthetic surface functionalization reactions of polyNHC-Au-NPs while maintaining colloidal stability, highlighting their robustness and potential for applications such as bioconjugation. Overall, these findings underscore the potential of our ROMP-derived NHC-containing copolymers as highly tunable and versatile multidentate ligands that may be suitable for other inorganic colloids and flat surfaces with a wide array of applications.
Closed-Loop Navigation of a Kinetic Zone Diagram for Redox-Mediated Electrocatalysis Using Bayesian Optimization, a Digital Twin, and Automated Electrochemistry
Authors: Pence Michael , Hazen Gavin , Rodríguez López Joaquín
Published: December 2024

Molecular electrocatalysis campaigns often require tuning multiple experimental parameters to obtain kinetically insightful electrochemical measurements, a prohibitively time-consuming task when performing comprehensive studies across multiple catalysts and substrates. In this work, we present an autonomous workflow that combines Bayesian optimization and automated electrochemistry to perform fully unsupervised cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies of molecular electrocatalysis. We developed CV descriptors that leveraged the conceptual framework of the EC’ kinetic zone diagram to enable efficient Bayesian optimization. The CV descriptor’s effect on optimization performance was evaluated using a digital twin of our autonomous experimental platform, quantifying the accuracy of obtained kinetic values against the known ground truth. We demonstrated our platform experimentally by performing autonomous studies of TEMPO-catalyzed ethanol and isopropanol electro-oxidation, demonstrating rapid identification of kinetically insightful conditions in 10 or less iterations through the closed-loop workflow. Overall, this work highlights the application of autonomous electrochemical platforms to accelerate mechanistic studies in molecular electrocatalysis and beyond.
The Interplay of Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry and Computational Modelling for Structure Elucidation of Small Molecules: An Upper-Level Undergraduate Experiment
Authors: Venables Matthew , Hicks Emily , Bowden Jake , Deakin Ferne , Jones Millie , Khairi Izni Mohd , Lawrence Rosa , Rahman Md Kholilur , Walkden James , Black Rachelle , Radia Radhika Barchha , Hoare Thomas , Liggett Ellen , Stuchfield Dale , Wang Xudong , Poree Carl , Burton Neil , Geue Niklas , Barran Perdita
Published: December 2024

A lab-based experiment, combining ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) with computational modelling techniques for the analysis of small molecules, has been developed for use in undergraduate teaching laboratories over eight years. Students link IM-MS with computational calculations to show how their interplay can elucidate the structures of molecules chosen by the students. This experiment offers an opportunity to gain experience in a wide range of skills including experimental design, sample preparation, instrument tuning, calibration, and an initial familiarisation with computational modelling programs. The work commences with a 4-week planning stage in the first semester (2 x 6-hour days per week) where students are taught IM-MS theory and are asked to choose a set of related small molecules. The subsequent laboratory work, in the following semester, has a 16-day timeframe with each day lasting 6 hours spread across 8 weeks of a semester which can be tailored to different course requirements. Experiments herein have been conducted by groups of four senior year undergraduate students. The assessment involves pre-laboratory preparation discussions including a literature review, a group poster presentation and an individually written laboratory report.
Foreshocks, aftershocks, and static stress triggering of the 2020 Mw 4.8 Mentone Earthquake in west Texas
Authors: Bolton David C. , Igonin Nadine , Chen Yangkang , Trugman Daniel T. , Savvaidis Alexandros , Hennings Peter
Published: December 2024

Foreshocks are the most obvious signature of the earthquake nucleation stage and could, in principle, forewarn of an impending earthquake. However, foreshocks are only sometimes observed, and we have a limited understanding of the physics that controls their occurrence. In this work, we use high-resolution earthquake catalogs and estimates of source properties to understand the spatiotemporal evolution of a sequence of 11 foreshocks that occurred ~ 6.5 hours before the 2020 Mw 4.8 Mentone earthquake in west Texas.  Elevated pore-pressure and poroelastic stressing from subsurface fluid injection from oil-gas operations is often invoked to explain seismicity in west Texas and the surrounding region. However, here we show that static stresses induced from the initial ML 4.0 foreshock significantly perturbed the local shear stress along the fault and could have triggered the Mentone mainshock. The majority (9/11) of the earthquakes leading up to the Mentone mainshock nucleated in areas where the static shear stresses were increased from the initial ML 4.0 foreshock. The spatiotemporal properties of the 11 earthquakes that preceded the mainshock cannot easily be explained in the context of a preslip or cascade nucleation model. We show that at least 6/11 events are better classified as aftershocks of the initial ML 4.0.  Together, our results suggest that a combination of physical mechanisms contributed to the occurrence of the 11 earthquakes that preceded the mainshock, including static-stressing from earthquake-earthquake interactions, aseismic creep, and stress perturbations induced from fluid injection.  Our work highlights the role of earthquake-earthquake triggering in induced earthquake sequences, and suggests that such triggering could help sustain seismic activity following initial stressing perturbations from fluid injection.
Optimization of lyophilization cycle for the formulation and stability assessment of Doxycycline Hyclate
Authors: R Priya dharshini , G Selvi , S Sruthi , A Lakshmi Priya. , S Shyam Sundar.
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim:Doxycycline hyclate, prone to instability in solution, is unsuitable for liquid dosage forms. Lyophilization, a low-temperature drying process, addresses this limitation by converting the drug into a stable solid. This study aimed to optimize the lyophilization cycle for doxycycline hyclate, enhancing its stability, handling, and transport in injectable form Methods:
Pre-formulation studies included solubility analysis, pH determination, water content measurement, FTIR, DSC, photostability, and compatibility studies. Twelve lyophilization cycles were designed, optimizing four formulations by varying temperature, pressure, and cycle duration. Formulations were assessed for cake appearance, solution clarity, pH, reconstitution time, and assay. The optimized formulation underwent additional evaluations for diluent and filter compatibility, in vitro antibacterial activity (disk diffusion), and stability under accelerated and photostabilityconditions.Results:Formulation F3 from Trial 3 exhibited superior performance, with a uniform, smooth cake appearance, clear reconstitution, stable pH, rapid reconstitution time, low water content (0.98%), and minimal organic impurities. Diluent and filter compatibility tests revealed no adverse interactions. The formulation remained stable under light and accelerated conditions, showing dose-dependent antibacterial activity comparable to the innovator’s product.Conclusion:The optimized lyophilization cycle significantly enhanced doxycycline hyclate's stability, handling, and transport. The injectable formulation demonstrated excellent stability, reliable antibacterial activity, and clinical suitability, offering a safer, more convenient alternative to liquid formulations.
Lithic Industry of Kulakovo 1 Site in the Context of the Late Upper Paleolithic of the Upper Reaches of Angara River (South of Baikal-Yenisei Siberia)
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Zolotarev D. P. , Berdnikova N. E. ,   Irkutsk State University, Shegutov I. S. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of the analysis of a collection of stone items from an assemblage of the Late Upper Paleolithic, obtained during the work of 1967–1969 at the Kulakovo 1 site, located on the right bank of the Angara River (6 km below the mouth of the Belaya River). Several levels (cultural layers) of occurrence of the archaeological finds have been identified. In the upper humus horizon of modern soil, cultural remains of the Neolithic and Bronze Age have been recorded (layer 1). The finds of the main level (cultural layer 2) are included in the buried soil of the Middle Sartanian cryochron (~18.6–17.6 ka cal BP). The purpose of the study is to analyze the stone industry using the methods of archaeological typology and the attributive approach, as well as to identify its general and specific features within the synchronous assemblages of the upper reaches of the Angara River. Attributive analysis was carried out for all types of target removals (flakes, blades, bladelets and microblades). Signs that may indicate the knapping technique and the morphotechnological features of their combination are considered. As a result of the analysis, it was established that the assemblage is characterized by a combination of flat and volumetric prismatic cores for removing flakes and blades, and narrow-faced (terminal-edge) cores for bladelets and microblades. The latter were made using specific techniques that differs from the Saikai and Campus methods, which are typical for the sites of the first half of the Middle Sartanian cryochron in the south of Baikal-Yenisei Siberia. It is concluded that this is due to the individual technological characteristics of a group of cores of this type and the cultural and chronological specificity of the assemblage as a whole. Based on the results of the attributive analysis, it was established that the majority of flakes and blades were obtained by direct impact with a hard hammer. The possibility of using a soft hammer in a direct or indirect form is allowed, but in a limited form and only for obtaining of small/medium flakes or bladelets. The use of pressure technology remains an open question. The question of using pressure technique remains open. The tool set is generally standard for the Middle Sartanian industry and is close to materials from synchronous sites in the upper reaches of the Angara River (Krasnyi Yar 1, Fedyaevo, Buret 2–4) and the entire south of Baikal-Yenisei Siberia, which are also characterized by groups of end-scrapers, side-scrapers and knife-like items with unifacial dorsal processing. The conducted analysis and the obtained results deepen the understanding of the cultural processes that took place in the Upper Paleolithic both in the upper reaches of the Angara and in the south of Baikal-Yenisei Siberia as a whole.
Influence of weak molecular velocity autocorrelation on the diffusion NMR
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Poznansky Oleg
Published: December 2024

Self-diffusion of spin-bearing molecules measured by magnetic resonance can noninvasively probe the microstructure of complex soft matter and serve as a powerful tool for different types of diagnostics. Theoretical methods are needed to determine the autocorrelation of molecular velocities and magnetic resonance signal characteristics related to the shape, size, and concentration of soft matter constituents, although their development represents a difficult inverse problem. In this paper, we propose a numerical renormalization method that provides understanding of the contrast diffusion mechanism closely related to both the component hierarchy and the dynamic of molecular motion with a weak correlation with underlying structure. We demonstrate simulations of our method on a heterogeneous material with a self-similar random organization and show that we derive efficient temporal diffusion properties for disordered geometry, size and concentration of its components at different Euclidean dimensions. The proposed approach provides a tool for interpretation of experimental data obtained for meta- and native materials.
Numerical evaluation of parton distribution Mellin moments
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Jahan Akbari , Neog Diptimonta
Published: December 2024

The detailed comprehension of momentum fraction and energy dependence of proton structure functions is one of the major difficulties in particle physics. Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) plays as an extensive framework for analysing deep inelastic scattering (DIS) and hadron-hadron collision experiments. In such a framework, where the hard collisions advance through the partonic components of hadrons, a pivotal contribution is imparted by parton distribution functions (PDFs). PDFs provide information about the nucleonic substructure in terms of its components. PDFs have become more and more convictive following the advent of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Moments of PDFs are important quantities for the analysis of hadronic internal structure. The Mellin moments of such parton distributions in QCD have been discussed and their analyses have been carried out numerically.
An eighth-order two-step with-memory adaptive method base on Hansen-Patrick’s method and its dynamic
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Torkashvand Vali
Published: December 2024

A tri-parametric family of two-point iterative methods with 7.5 and 8-order convergence for solving nonlinear equations has been proposed. Each derivative-free method member of the family requires only three evaluations of the given function per iteration. It is optimal in the sense of the Kung and Traub conjecture.
The proposed family has an efficiency index of 1.96 and 2. Numerical comparisons have been made to reveal the high efficiency of the developed method. The dynamical study of iterative schemes reflects a good overview of their stability, convergence properties, and graphical aspects by drawing attraction basins in the complex plane. Also, we have examined the dynamic
behavior of new methods to select the best weight function has the largest attraction basins for different polynomials.
Determination Method for Index Weights of Logistics Information Systems in a Mass Customization Environment
Authors: Zhang Yunlong , Wang Zengqiang
Published: December 2024

To address the challenge of representing key index weights of logistics information systems in a mass customization environment using multi-granularity mixed semantic phrases, a method for determining index weights based on complex semantic information is proposed. First, an integrated method processes the multi-granularity mixed semantic variables to obtain initial index weights. Second, the probability of uncertain semantic information is calculated to determine the correction coefficient for key indicators of logistics information systems. Finally, the initial index weights and correction coefficients are synthesized to derive the final index weights. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are demonstrated using the selection of a logistics information system for a computer company as a case study.
International Comparison and Lessons for Developing the Personal Credit Market
Authors: Huang Dong
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of the global personal credit market has been driven by diversification and technological innovation, both of which serve as key catalysts for industry transformation. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of international personal credit markets to examine successful practices and challenges in credit products, credit assessment, and risk management across various countries. In particular, advancements in financial technology, including big data and artificial intelligence, have created new opportunities for enhancing the accessibility and personalization of credit services. Nevertheless, China’s personal credit market continues to face significant challenges, such as an underdeveloped credit infrastructure, outdated financial regulations, and limited product innovation. Drawing insights from international experiences, China can enhance its credit evaluation systems, strengthen financial regulations, and foster innovation in financial technology to facilitate healthy market development and advance inclusive finance.
Tourism Service Management for Nanchuan Shenlong Gorge Scenic Area: Insights from Web Text Analysis
Authors: Shu Xiu , Lv Qiguang
Published: December 2024

Using the Shenlong Gorge Scenic Area in Nanchuan as a case study, this research adopts a network text analysis approach to examine the current state of tourism service management within the scenic area. Through Python software, online review data from tourists on the Dianping platform was collected and analyzed using ROST CM 6 software, focusing on dimensions such as high-frequency words, social semantic networks, and tourist sentiments. The findings illuminate the present state of tourism service management in the Shenlong Gorge Scenic Area, providing critical theoretical support and practical guidance for the scenic area’s management authorities. Based on the analysis, an optimized pathway for tourism service management is proposed to facilitate the sustainable development of the Shenlong Gorge Scenic Area in Nanchuan, improve tourism service management, and enhance the quality of tourists’ service experiences.
İyi Vatandaş ve İyi İnsan Kavramlarının Neliği
Authors: Birlik Vehip
Published: December 2024

Bu makalenin amacı, Aristoteles'in iyi vatandaş ve iyi insan kavramlarını tanımlamak ve bu tanımların günümüzdeki anlamlarını ortaya koymaktır. Aristoteles'e göre iyi vatandaşlar, yalnızca yasalarla uymakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda yönetime katılmalıdır. Günümüzde sosyal medya gibi yeni platformlar, kişilerin vatandaşlık eylemlerini dönüştürmüştür. Gençlerin sosyal hareketlerdeki katılımı ve çevrimiçi kampanyalarda aktif olması, Aristoteles’in doğrudan katılım teorisinin modern bir yansıması olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Aristoteles’in düşünceleri, vatandaşlık ve erdem kavramlarının zaman içindeki evrimi ile değerlendirilmelidir. Platon, Rousseau, Habermas ve Rawls gibi filozoflar, vatandaşlık ve erdem konularında farklı bakış açıları sunarak bu kavramların önemini vurgulamışlardır. Makale, iyi vatandaş ve iyi insan ayrımını, Aristoteles'in eğitim kavramı üzerinden ele alır. Aristoteles, erdemli bir bireyin toplumsal sorumluluklarını yerine getirmesi gerektiğini savunur ve eğitim ile iyi vatandaşlığın sağlanması arasında bir ilişki kurar. Eğitim, bireylerin ahlaki ve sosyal gelişiminde kritik bir rol oynar. Filozof, iyi bir vatandaşın, devletin işleyişine katılan, erdemli bir yaşam süren bireyler olduğunu vurgular. İyi vatandaşlarla kötü vatandaşlar arasındaki ayrım, erdem anlayışına dayandırılır. Ayrıca, vatandaşlığın toplumsal sorunlara karşı duyarlılığı ve katılımı gerektiği ifade edilirken, modern çağda küreselleşmenin etkisi de ele alınmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, makale Aristoteles’in iyi vatandaş ve iyi insan kavramlarının günümüz koşullarındaki yansımalarını, vatandaşlık eğitiminin önemini, toplumsal sorumluluğu ve bireylerin aktif katılımının gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır. Aristoteles’in felsefi düşünceleri, bireylerin ve toplumların sürdürülebilir kalkınma, sosyal adalet ve demokratik değerlerin korunmasında büyük bir öneme sahiptir.
Economic Philosophy of an Ancient India
Authors: Malov A. V. , Popov D. N.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the philosophy of the economy of ancient India, a unique system of thinking that emphasizes the importance of observing moral principles in business and society as a whole. These ideas are especially relevant today, since, from the point of view of practice, can become the basis for building more stable and equitable economic systems. The philosophy of the economy of ancient India stands out for its stratification approach, which includes consideration of various social classes and their interaction in the economy, as well as an original understanding of the teachings of karma, dharma and harmony in the field of economy. The unique aspects of Indian economic philosophy have deep roots in ancient texts such as the Vedas, Upanishads and Sutras. They continue to influence modern economic thinking, showing a high degree of universality, making a valuable contribution to modern economic thought and enriching it with ethical and spiritual aspects.
THE BREEDING EXPERIENCE OF CATALPA BIGNONIOIDES WALTER. BY THE METHOD OF CUTTING
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Savchenkova V.A.
Published: December 2024

The issues of successful green farming in urbanized areas do not lose their relevance. The purpose of this study is to choose the optimal method of reproduction of the bigononiform catalpa by cuttings. An important step is the selection of an assortment of tree species, taking into account their adaptive ability. The article provides a justification for the relevance of this direction, the research methodology used, the characteristics of the material for cuttings and the objects on which the cuttings of the bigononiform catalpa were harvested. The rooting of cuttings harvested in February was only 20%. A positive point was the 100% survival rate of rooted cuttings of winter harvesting. The sowing of catalpa seeds of the reproduction of the Mytishchi branch of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University in the soil and on the nutrient medium did not produce seedlings. The article presents the results of rooting cuttings of catalpa harvested in May. For the purpose of introduction tests, the city of Mytishchi and the city of Sochi were identified as the place of harvesting. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the highest percentage of catalpa cuttings rootig was noted in conditions of their germination in a container with an aqueous solution of a growth stimulant and air supply by means of an aquarium compressor. During the study, it was suggested that the degree of rooting and growth of cuttings may depend on the sanitary condition of the trees on which they were harvested. Catalpa bigonia is of interest as a fast-growing ornamental woody plant resistant to urban conditions, not affected by pests and diseases.