bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alteration in the gene expression of the HepG2 cell line by exposure to particulate matter (PM) of diesel
Authors: Orozco-Jiménez Luz Yaneth , Estrada-Vélez Verónica , Cuesta-Castro Diana Paola , Isaza Juan Pablo , Molina Francisco , Palacio-B Jaime , Álvarez-Orozco María Elena , Ortiz-Trujillo Isabel
Published: October 2022

Particulate matter (PM) less than 2.5 um emitted by diesel engines is responsible for the morbidity and mortality associated with air pollution. Alternative fuels have been implemented, but their potential toxic effects are still unknown. The objective of this article is to evaluate the in vitro toxicity of the organic extract of particulate matter emitted by a diesel engine powered by two different fuels. Following cell exposure to fossil diesel + 10% ethanol and fossil diesel extracts, mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and differential gene expression were evaluated. The results showed that the organic extracts of diesel PM + 10% ethanol were more biotoxic (p<0.05). More studies are needed to better understand the health effect of PM emissions from biofuel.
Current Options for Second-Line Systemic Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mitsogiannis Iraklis C. , Mitsogianni Maria , Papathanassiou Maria , Anagnostou Maria , Tamposis Ioannis , Mitrakas Lampros , Samara Maria , Tzortzis Vassilios , Vlachostergios Panagiotis J.
Published: October 2022

Standard systemic therapy of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) involves targeting angiogenesis, mainly through tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) pathway and targeting the immune checkpoints, namely, programmed death-1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4). With current strategies of combining these two approaches in the front-line setting, less is known about optimal selection of therapy upon development of resistance in the second and later lines of treatment for progressive disease. This review discusses currently available therapeutic options in patients who have progressive RCC after prior treatment with double immune check-point inhibitors (ICIs) or ICI-TKI combinations.
Consumo infantil de alimentos: ¿relación con el estado nutricional materno?
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Alfenas, da Cruz Della Torre Ana Clara , da Silva Maciel Thais , Bastos Marques Débora Vasconcelos , Pereira de Brito Tábatta Renata , Braga Lima Daniela
Published: October 2022

Introducción: La figura materna tiene una fuerte influencia en la salud del niño, el estado nutricional y la formación de los hábitos alimentarios del niño, ya que es la principal cuidadora de su hijo. Objetivo: determinar el estado nutricional de las madres y su asociación con el consumo de alimentos de los niños. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado con 163 binomios madre-hijo menores de 24 meses atendidos en Unidades de Salud de la Familia. Se utilizó un cuestionario para recolectar las variables sociodemográficas y antropométricas de madres e infantes. El estado nutricional de los lactantes se clasificó por el índice de masa corporal por indicador de edad y el diagnóstico del estado nutricional de las madres por el índice de masa corporal. La práctica de alimentación del lactante se analizó utilizando formas de marcadores de consumo de alimentos propuesto por el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil. Resultados: Se observó que el 51,53% de las madres tenían sobrepeso y el 30,06% de los niños tenían sobrepeso, según IMC/Edad. En cuanto al consumo de alimentos infantiles, hubo una marcada presencia de alimentos ultraprocesados. El estado nutricional materno inadecuado se asoció con el consumo de snacks envasados ​​el día anterior a la encuesta (p = 0,002). Conclusión: El perfil materno tiene una gran influencia en el consumo de alimentos del lactante, por lo que es necesario implementar actividades de educación en salud para asesorar a las familias, reforzando la importancia de introducir adecuadamente los alimentos complementarios.
Low-allergenic hydrolysates of whey proteins with natural bioactive peptides
Authors: Yukalo V. , Datsyshyn K. , Turkina V.
Published: October 2022

Hydrolysate of whey protein concentrate (WPC) has been obtained under conditions that ensure retention of natural bioactive peptides. Prior to this, the WPC was characterised by electrophoresis, which revealed the presence of major whey proteins that can cause allergies and be precursors of bioactive peptides. The electrophoretic studies have allowed establishing that by the 120th minute, the proteolysis of the main protein allergens was almost complete. That is why this sample of WPC hydrolysate was used for further studies. Sephadex G-50 gel filtration has shown that 23.4% to 27.5% of proteolytic products soluble in trichloroacetic acid are low-molecular-weight peptides with a molecular weight up to 1500 Da, while the control WPC sample contains less than 3 % of them. The hydrolysate obtained under physiological conditions was tested for allergenicity. The study was conducted in 18 rats divided into three groups. Animals of the first group (control) were given water, the second group whey protein concentrate, the third group pancreatin hydrolysate of whey proteins. According to the results of the experiment, the concentration of IgE in the 2nd group is significantly higher compared with the control (49%), and in the 3rd group, does not differ from the control values. To detect possible sensitisation in the experimental animals, we used the specific leucocyte agglomeration reaction, the leucocyte specific lysis reaction, the values of the change in the concentration of circulating immune complexes, and the neutrophil damage index. The studies have shown that in the animals receiving WPC hydrolysate, no signs of an allergic reaction were detected, while the animals sensitised with WPC developed type I hypersensitivity (by the value of the IgE content).
DISINFECTION OF MARKETABLE EGGS BY PLASMA-CHEMICALLY ACTIVATED AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Authors: Pivovarov О. , Kovalova О. , Koshulko V.
Published: October 2022

Microbiological purity of raw materials and finished products is one of the most important factors of food safety. The acceptable level of microbiological contamination is provided by a set of sanitary and hygienic techniques in the course of manufacturing, selling, and consuming food products. It has been suggested that eggs should be disinfected by treating them with plasma-chemically activated aqueous solutions in order to reduce microbial contamination of the egg surfaces and remove salmonella from them. The surface of eggs is disinfected with aqueous solutions activated by non-equilibrium contact plasma with the different time of activation of these solutions. Plasma-chemically activated aqueous solutions act as high-quality disinfectants. They contain an active substance (hydrogen peroxide) with the concentration of 100 to 700 mg/l, and have pronounced antiseptic properties. The studies have revealed that with the use of plasma-chemically activated aqueous solutions as a disinfectant, the number of bacteria and fungi on the eggshell is significantly reduced. For example, E. coli and S. Enteritidis were not found in samples at the peroxide concentration as high as 100 mg/l, while the total bacterial contamination and pathogenic microflora under study (E. сoli, Asp. fumigatus, S. Enteritidis) were absent at 300 mg/l concentration of peroxides. Besides, our research included bacteriological studies of marketable eggs in storage. Thus, plasma-chemically activated aqueous solutions with the peroxide concentration 300 mg/l, besides destroying the pathogenic microflora completely (as evidenced by the total absence of QMAFAnM, CFU/cm3, S. enteritidis, E. coli, Asp. fumigatus in the studied samples), had a long-term disinfection effect: no pathogenic microflora appeared on the surface of the eggs within a month. This will allow extending the shelf life of marketable eggs. The studies of microbiological parameters of the dirty eggshells treated with plasma-chemically activated aqueous solutions have shown that the 400 mg/l concentration of peroxides allows getting rid of coliform bacteria, staphylococci, salmonella, spore-forming microflora, which makes a product saleable. The outward appearance of raw materials improves as well, which indicates a wide range of applications of the proposed technology of egg surface disinfection.
DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNOLOGY OF OIL MADE FROM SEEDS OF GRAPES CULTIVATED IN THE ODESSA REGION WITHOUT LOSING THE QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Kotliar Ye.
Published: October 2022

It has been studied whether seeds of Odessa Region-grown grape varieties Lydia, Moldova, Cabernet, and the blend Muscat Blanc + Noah (50:50) are promising raw materials for fat-and-oil products and cosmetics. The study provides a scientific basis for a technology of oils from a number of varieties of the region’s grape seeds. For seeds from different grape cultivars, appropriate process conditions have been selected to obtain extra virgin oil by cold pressing. The most practical conditions for wet-heat treatment of crushed Cabernet and Moldova seeds are the temperature 30–40°C and duration 5–10 min, and seeds of Lydia and the blend Muscat Blanc + Noah (50:50) should be treated, at the same temperature, for 15–20 min. When extracting oil by pressing, it is recommended to avoid heating the treated crushed seeds (extraction mash) to over 50–60°C for more than 5–7 min. The research results have shown that the oil content in the seeds of the Lydia, Moldova, and Cabernet grapes, and of the blend Muscat Blanc + Noah (50:50) is 14–20%. The suggested process conditions of producing oils allow the maximum retention of the initial fatty acid and phenolic composition of raw materials. It has been proved that in oil from Lydia seeds, the content of ω-6 fatty acids is 99.5%, and that of ω-9 fatty acids is 96.2% of their initial content in raw materials. In oil extracted from Moldova seeds, ω-6 fatty acids make up 99.6%, and ω-9 98.2%, in oil from Cabernet, ω-6 make up 98.6%, and ω-9 93.7%, and the blend Muscat Blanc + Noah (50:50) contains ω-6 and ω-9 in the amount, respectively, 98.5% and 97.1% of their initial content in raw materials. It has been proved that oil extraction from seeds of different grape varieties should precede the extraction of phenolic compounds. In extracts from raw materials with oil pre-extracted under the process conditions suggested, the concentration of phenolic compounds is by 80–120% higher than it is in extracts obtained from native (untreated) seeds of different grape cultivars.
Forecast of Import Substitution Effectiveness and Its Impact on Economic Growth in Russia
Authors:   Volzhsky Branch of Volgograd State University, Litvinova Alla , Talalaeva Natalya ,   Volzhsky Branch of Volgograd State University
Published: October 2022

In conditions of the extreme increase in threats to Russia’s national interests and unprecedented sanctions pressure, import substitution is an unambiguous priority of the country’s economic development. At the same time, the need for significant and reliable forecast of import substitution effectiveness and its impact on economic growth in Russia comes to the fore. This forecast allows to do variant calculations of economy and its industries requirement of the import substitution; to determine, based on the actual or required indicators of the scale and economy’s growth rate, the rational structure of the country’s foreign trade turnover, the optimal ratio between domestic production, exports and imports, the level of employment and household income both at the macrolevel and in the context of individual industries and commodity groups, taking into account the real situation in the economy. The import substitution effectiveness was calculated with using multicomponent analysis; the forecast of the import substitution effectiveness and its impact on economic growth was carried out using the regression modeling method in two directions: 1) forecast the values of complex indicator of import substitution, leading to a given GDP growth; 2) a point forecast of the import substitution effectiveness parameters, ensuring the strengthening of its positive impact on economic growth in Russia, solving the optimization problem. The results can be used in the activities of public administration aimed at adjusting the country’s socio-economic development plans and effective import substitution program development.
Problems of Education System Development in Modern Conditions
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moroshkina Marina , Murashkina Lidia ,   Petrozavodsk State University
Published: October 2022

The education system represents an important element of economic development. Modern conditions of functioning have significantly transformed the educational system. The study of the main indicators will allow evaluating the results of the transformation and their impact on the education system. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the main problems of the education system. The object of the study is the education system of the Russian Federation. The study is based on statistical data on education and the education system, presented in open sources and information base of Rosstat. The evaluation of statistical data on the development of the education system is conducted on the basis of the methods of system and complex analysis, which allows us to consider the process of development of the education system and the problems of its development objectively. Particular attention is paid to the study of state support of the development process, which is considered in the work from the position of national projects implementation, which allow to bring the education system in line with the needs and demands of the society. The results obtained in the study can be used in the work to improve the effectiveness of the education system. The data presented in the robot can serve as a basis for writing program and strategic documents for the development of the education system of the Russian Federation.
Russification of Management of Eletrotechnical Companies as the Factor of Strengthening Competitiveness of Russia at the Edge of 19th – 20th Centuries
Authors:   Centre of Economic History, Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bessolitsyn Alexander
Published: October 2022

The present article contains analysis of the human capital problem of electrotechnical industry during the economic modernization at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries, which was conducted based on archive sources stored in the Russian State Historical Archive (RSHA), Central State Historical Archive of Saint Petersburg (CSHA SPb) and Central State Archive of Moscow (CSA of Moscow), official pre-revolutionary statistics collections and scientific literature. Based on the example of the largest energy company in Russia – “Electric lighting company of 1886”, established by the entrepreneur originated from Germany, Karl Siemens, the process of russification of the foreign management in electrotechnical industry is demonstrated. Domination of foreign specialists at the initial stage of the establishment of industry was mostly caused by objective circumstances, connected both with specifics of functioning of joint stock companies in Russia and with the absence of the required competencies of local managers related to the management of electrotechnical companies. On the one hand, this problem was being resolved by granting a Russian citizenship to the founders and shareholders of acting joint stock companies and on the other hand, this niche was actively occupied by the graduates of local technical schools who displaced foreign management. This process has been developing most quickly during the First World War when the state introduced instead of foreign shareholders a “special management board” represented by local specialists. However, this problem has not been fully resolved due to various reasons.
Spatial Aspects of the Evolutionary-Genetic Theory of Production Factors by O.V. Inshakov
Authors:   Volzhsky Institute of Economics, Pedagogy and Law, Plyakin Alexander
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the object, subject, methodological approaches and technologies of spatial analysis, taking into account the principles of the evolutionary-genetic theory of production factors, created by Professor O.V. Inshakov. It has been established that the object of spatial analysis is a complexly structured, hierarchically ordered global economic space that corresponds to the global economic system and is formed as a result of the interaction of natural-economic and economic systems of various levels and scales. The subject of spatial analysis is the reproductive economic process as a result of the implementation of economic relations in the global economic system, which is realized as a set of cycles of factor interactions due to the sequential influence of six basic production factors on each other. These factors are unique and inimitable in every point of the real geographic space. It has been established that the monitoring of regional factors of production is currently in great demand. The purpose of monitoring production factors is to predict the future state of natural-economic and socioeconomic systems. An assessment of the prospects for socio-economic development should be carried out on the basis of a system of integral indicators characterizing the competitiveness, sustainability and security of socioeconomic development. The most important information technologies that can provide monitoring of regional factors of production and the process of making effective decisions in the field of regional and municipal government are spatial analysis technologies on the platform of modern geographic information systems (ArcGIS, MapInfo).
SMALL INTESTINAL L CELL DENSITY IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE OBESITY AFTER ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS
Authors: Estabile Priscila Costa , Santo Marco Aurélio , Moura Eduardo Guimarães Horneaux de , Kuga Rogério , Caproni Priscila , Cleva Roberto de , Mota Filippe Camarotto , Milléo Fábio Quirillo , Artoni Roberto Ferreira
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Enteroendocrine L cells can be found in the entire gastrointestinal tract and their incretins act on glycemic control and metabolic homeostasis. Patients with severe obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus may have lower density of L cells in the proximal intestine. AIMS: This study aimed to analyze the density of L cells in the segments of the small intestine in the late postoperative of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in diabetic patients with standardization of 60 cm in both loops, alimentary and biliopancreatic. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry analysis assays were made from intestinal biopsies in three segments: gastrointestinal anastomosis (GIA= Point A), enteroenteral anastomosis (EEA= Point B= 60 cm distal to the GIA) and 60 cm distal to the enteroenteral anastomosis (Point C). RESULTS: A higher density of L cells immunostaining the glucagon-1 peptide was observed in the distal portion (Point C) when compared to the more proximal portions (Points A and B). CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of L cells is higher 60 cm distal to enteroenteral anastomosis when comparing to proximal segments and may explain the difference in intestinal lumen sensitization and enterohormonal response after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
Dinâmica dos Focos de Calor nas Mesorregiões Climáticas do Estado de Alagoas
Authors: Sousa Filho Valter Ramos de , Oliveira Junior José Francisco de , Barros Heliofábio Gomes , Silva Iago de Lima , Souza Pedro Henrique de Almeida , Gois Givanildo de , Paula Francine Santos de , Correia Filho Washington Luiz Félix
Published: October 2022

Resumo Os incêndios ocorrem devido às ações antrópicas e causam problemas socioambientais no Nordeste do Brasil (NEB). Portanto, este estudo avaliou a variabilidade espaço-temporal dos focos de calor (FC) nas três mesorregiões climáticas de Alagoas: Sertão, Leste e Agreste Alagoano. Os dados de FC foram obtidos do Banco de Dados de Queimadas (BDQueimadas) entre 1998-2020. A série temporal de FC foi submetida às análises estatísticas descritiva, exploratória e multivariada aplicada aos 102 municípios alagoanos. Com base no agrupamento hierárquico identificaram-se três grupos homogêneos (G1, G2 e G3) no Sertão e dois grupos homogêneos de FC no Agreste e Leste Alagoano (G1 e G2). Alguns municípios não formaram grupos (NA), tais como: Belo Monte (26,83 ± 25,87 focos), Limoeiro de Anadia (54,48 ± 38,65 focos), Penedo (262,83 ± 183,80 focos) e Coruripe (553 ± 369,40 focos). A variabilidade interanual dos FC em Alagoas está associada com atividades agrícolas, desmatamento, novas áreas para a criação de animais e colheita da cana-de-açúcar. Na avaliação espacial via densidade de FC por município utilizou-se o período total (1998-2020) e os anos de destaque na série temporal (2012 e 2019). O maior registro de densidade de FC no período total encontra-se na mesorregião do Leste Alagoano e não se descarta que os anos em destaque sejam influenciados pela ocorrência de seca e períodos de estiagens em Alagoas.
Perceptions on alcohol use in a Potiguar indigenous community,
Authors: Barreto Ivan Farias , Dimenstein Magda , Leite Jáder Ferreira
Published: October 2022

Abstract This work analyzes the meanings attributed to alcohol consumption and the care strategies used by an indigenous group in Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil) by means ofa qualitative research involving residents and leaders. The results generated three analytical axes: determinants of alcohol consumption, health care settings, and alcohol use in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was found that the use of alcohol in the community has been marked by historical movements that have altered the modes of existence and limited access to traditionally occupied lands. Alcohol consumption appeared as a naturalized phenomenon, associated with social and health problems that are aggravated by the lack of public assistance perceived by the community.
Percepções sobre o uso de álcool em uma comunidade indígena potiguar,
Authors: Barreto Ivan Farias , Dimenstein Magda , Leite Jáder Ferreira
Published: October 2022

Resumo Esse trabalho analisa os sentidos atribuídos ao consumo de álcool e às estratégias de cuidado acionadas por um grupo indígena do Rio Grande do Norte, através de uma pesquisa qualitativa envolvendo moradores e lideranças. Os resultados geraram três eixos analíticos: determinantes do consumo de álcool, cenário de atenção à saúde e uso de álcool no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19. Constatou-se que o uso de álcool na comunidade tem sido marcado por movimentos históricos que alteraram os modos de existência e limitaram o acesso às terras tradicionalmente ocupadas. A ingestão de álcool apareceu como fenômeno naturalizado, associado a problemas sociais e de saúde que são agravadas pela desassistência pública percebida pela comunidade.
Envolvimento, práticas parentais e jornada de trabalho de mães de crianças pré-escolares,
Authors: Deus Meiridiane Domingues de , Zappe Jana Gonçalves , Vieira Mauro Luís
Published: October 2022

Resumo Este estudo buscou investigar as relações entre envolvimento, práticas parentais e jornada de trabalho de mães de pré-escolares por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória, quantitativa e transversal. Mães residentes no Sul do Brasil (171) responderam a quatro questionários. Por meio da análise dos resultados, constatou-se que as mães com jornada de trabalho integral e extensa tinham significativamente maior envolvimento com as crianças em comparação com mães que exerciam atividade remunerada parcial e às que não exerciam trabalho remunerado. No entanto, elas utilizaram significativamente mais punição, uso de práticas parentais menos democráticas e apresentaram menor suporte emocional. Discute-se as implicações da conciliação/conflitos dos papéis desempenhados pelas mães quando estão envolvidos os cuidados com as crianças e o trabalho remunerado.
A presença do contexto histórico sobre o entendimento do DNA como material hereditário nos livros didáticos de Biologia sob a ótica da epistemologia fleckiana
Authors: Bevilaqua Vanessa Rezende , Franco Fernando Faria , Silva Antônio Fernando Gouvêa
Published: October 2022

Resumo Neste trabalho realizamos uma análise documental em livros didáticos usados no ensino médio brasileiro para avaliar como é apresentado o contexto histórico sobre a descrição da transformação bacteriana, que consiste em um episódio histórico importante para o reconhecimento do DNA como molécula hereditária. Além disso, utilizamos a epistemologia de Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961) para análise dessa contextualização. Apenas quatro dentre os dez livros analisados apresentaram o episódio de transformação bacteriana. Com relação à análise epistemológica, detectamos que a contextualização histórica apresentada nesses quatro livros algumas vezes está descrita de forma descontextualizada e linear, impossibilitando o aluno vislumbrar a ciência como uma produção humana e coletiva, bem como os aspectos sociais que caracterizam a forma de produção do conhecimento científico segundo o pensamento de Fleck, tais como: estilos de pensamento, circulação de ideias, complicações, transformações, e coerção do pensamento hegemônico da área.
Science and technology workshops as a pedagogical strategy for teaching science in elementary schools
Authors: Santos Marcos Miranda , Sá-Silva Jackson Ronie
Published: October 2022

Abstract This study aims to analyze the efficiency of science workshops and thus investigate associated teaching methods used with elementary school students. We evaluated the performance of the 20 participants of a science workshop during the development of 24 science projects in the second half of 2019. Their score was submitted to statistical analysis, which pointed to significant differences throughout the period. We observed that students' performance peaked between the first and the last month of the project. Workshops generate knowledge that, in a spectral and capillary way, is shared with the visitors through the speeches of each participant. Therefore, biased representations and concepts give place to new possibilities of education through research, in a way to fight denialism, which has become entrenched in our society.
Indícios de interatividade na aplicação de uma Prova-Escrita-em-Fases
Authors: Silva Gabriel dos Santos e , Buriasco Regina Luzia Corio de
Published: October 2022

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um estudo de indícios de interatividade na aplicação de uma Prova-Escrita-em-Fases em uma turma de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Estadual de Londrina. A prova analisada neste artigo continha 25 questões envolvendo conteúdos referentes à ementa da disciplina Geometria e Desenho, resolvidas em oito fases. Em cada data, os estudantes podiam resolver questões ou refazê-las, corrigi-las, completá-las, apagar trechos, apagar completamente resoluções apresentadas em fase anterior. Para a análise, foram apresentadas produções escritas e uma discussão a respeito de indícios de interatividade suscitados pela análise dessas produções em duas questões desse instrumento. Pode-se afirmar que a comunicação entre os estudantes se deu ao ensinar um ao outro o procedimento de resolução de alguma questão e ao levar alguns estudantes a refletir em suas respostas. Por conseguinte, os estudantes puderam conhecer conteúdos não trabalhados pelo professor e tiveram a oportunidade de repensar suas conclusões, analisando-as.
Factores asociados con la gravedad de COVID-19 en mujeres embarazadas adolescentes brasileñas: un estudio de base poblacional
Authors: Duarte Brenda Katheryne , Parenti Ana Beatriz Henrique , Jamas Milena Temer , Nunes Hélio Rubens De Carvalho , Parada Cristina Maria Garcia De Lima
Published: October 2022

Resumen Objetivo: identificar los factores asociados a la necesidad de hospitalización en unidad de cuidados intensivos en adolescentes brasileñas embarazadas con COVID-19. Método: estudio de cohorte no concurrente de base poblacional, utilizando bases de datos secundarias. El estudio incluyó adolescentes brasileñas embarazadas que tuvieron confirmación de laboratorio de SARS-CoV-2 por Real Time, entre el 14 de marzo de 2020 y el 11 de abril de 2021. Análisis estadístico realizado por el modelo de regresión múltiple de Poisson, estimándose el riesgo relativo y respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95%, siendo significativos valores de p <0,05. Resultados: se incluyeron en el análisis 282 gestantes, con mediana de edad de 17 años, la mayoría de color de piel parda, en el tercer trimestre del embarazo y residentes en zona urbana o periurbana. La tasa de hospitalización en la unidad de cuidados intensivos fue del 14,5%, asociada a vivir en la región Sudeste (RR=5,03, IC95%=1,78-14,24, p=0,002), tener saturación sanguínea de oxígeno inferior al 95% (RR=2,62, IC95%=1,17-5,87, p=0,019) y tener alguna comorbilidad (RR=2,05, IC95%=1,01-4,16, p=0,047). Conclusión: la tasa de hospitalización en cuidados intensivos fue alta entre las adolescentes brasileñas embarazadas y se asoció con vivir en la región Sudeste, tener alguna comorbilidad y/o tener baja saturación de oxígeno.
Conceptos y temas relacionados a la salud de los adolescentes en la formación en enfermería
Authors: Cassiani Silvia Helena De Bortoli , Dias Bruna Moreno , Beltran Martha Patricia Bejarano , Gualdrón Lucy Marcela Vesga , Pérez Taycia Ramírez , Aguilar Germania Marivel Vargas , Loli Ponce Rudi Amalia , Valdivia Angela Rocio Cornejo
Published: October 2022

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la estructura de los programas de enseñanza y los contenidos del componente de salud y desarrollo del adolescente en la formación de los estudiantes de enfermería. Método: estudio observacional descriptivo, realizado en Colombia, Ecuador y Perú. Se aplicó el Instrumento para (auto)evaluar el componente de salud y desarrollo del adolescente en la formación de pregrado de los proveedores de salud. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: participaron 95 escuelas (84,1% del total). De los docentes encargados de la enseñanza de la salud de los adolescentes, el 31,6% no tenía formación específica en la materia y el 18,9% no tenía formación en el ámbito de la educación/pedagogía. Los principales temas que podrían incorporarse a la formación son: comportamiento, identidad de género y orientación sexual, bullying y cyberbullying, uso de las tecnologías digitales, violencia en el noviazgo, paternidad y retraso puberal. Conclusión: el profesorado tiene una formación limitada en temas pedagógicos/educativos y en temas específicos de la salud del adolescente. El plan de estudios debe actualizarse con contenidos del desarrollo y salud del adolescente, incluir conocimientos sobre las leyes y políticas, y ampliar la capacidad de las enfermeras para generar, analizar y utilizar datos para la toma de decisiones.
Conceitos e temas relacionados à saúde do adolescente na formação em enfermagem
Authors: Cassiani Silvia Helena De Bortoli , Dias Bruna Moreno , Beltran Martha Patricia Bejarano , Gualdrón Lucy Marcela Vesga , Pérez Taycia Ramírez , Aguilar Germania Marivel Vargas , Loli Ponce Rudi Amalia , Valdivia Angela Rocio Cornejo
Published: October 2022

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a estrutura dos programas de ensino e os conteúdos do componente Saúde e Desenvolvimento do Adolescente na formação dos estudantes de enfermagem. Método: estudo observacional descritivo, realizado na Colômbia, Equador e Peru. Aplicou-se o Instrumento de (auto)avaliação do componente Saúde e Desenvolvimento do Adolescente na graduação de profissionais de saúde. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva. Resultados: 95 Escolas de Enfermagem participaram (84,1% do total). Dos professores responsáveis pelo ensino da saúde dos adolescentes, 31,6% não tinham formação específica na matéria e 18,9% não tinham formação no campo da educação/pedagogia. Estes são os principais tópicos que poderiam ser incorporados à formação: comportamento, identidade de gênero e orientação sexual, bullying e cyberbullying, uso de tecnologias digitais, violência entre parceiros, paternidade adolescente e puberdade tardia. Conclusão: os professores têm formação limitada em questões pedagógicas/educacionais e em temas específicos da saúde dos adolescentes. O currículo precisa ser atualizado com conteúdos relacionados a saúde e desenvolvimento dos adolescentes; deve-se incluir conhecimento de leis e políticas e expandir a capacidade dos profissionais de enfermagem para que possam gerar, analisar e utilizar dados para a tomada de decisões.
Factores determinantes de la exposición sexual al VIH en adolescentes luso-brasileños: un análisis de rutas
Authors: Teixeira Jules Ramon Brito , Lima Shirley Veronica Melo Almeida , Sousa Anderson Reis de , Queiroz Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes , Barreto Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa , Fronteira Inês , Sousa Álvaro Francisco Lopes de
Published: October 2022

Resumen Objetivo: analizar los efectos directos e indirectos de los factores determinantes de la exposición sexual al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana entre adolescentes hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres y las implicaciones para el cuidado en enfermería. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 578 adolescentes luso-brasileños de 18 a 19 años. Se evaluaron las interrelaciones del estado civil, uso de aplicaciones de relación, práctica de chemsex, desinformación, credibilidad de la pareja, prácticas sexuales desafiantes y medidas de protección ineficaces sobre la exposición sexual al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, a través de la técnica del Análisis de Rutas. Resultados: presentó un efecto directo significativo para la exposición sexual al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana: estado civil (β=-0,16), uso de aplicaciones (β=-0,30), prácticas sexuales desafiantes (β=0,48) y medidas de protección ineficaces (β=0,35). En las rutas indirectas: la credibilidad de la pareja influyó en medidas de protección ineficaces (β=0,77); tener una relación fija/poliamorosa influyó en el uso de aplicaciones de relación (β=-0,46); el chemsex, mediado por prácticas sexuales desafiantes (β=0,67), determinó una mayor exposición sexual. Conclusión: se deben tener en cuenta las conductas sexuales de adolescentes y las configuraciones de una relación amorosa/sexual en la planificación de la asistencia de enfermería para reducir la exposición sexual al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana.
Bullying among Brazilian adolescents: evidence from the National Survey of School Health, Brazil, 2015 and 2019
Authors: Malta Deborah Carvalho , Oliveira Wanderlei Abadio de , Prates Elton Junio Sady , Mello Flávia Carvalho Malta de , Moutinho Cristiane dos Santos , Silva Marta Angelica Iossi
Published: October 2022

Abstract Objective: to estimate the prevalence rate of indicators related to bullying among Brazilian students aged 13 to 17 years and compare its occurrence between 2015 and 2019. Method: this is a descriptive cross-sectional study, with data from the National Survey of School Health, carried out in all Brazilian states. The prevalence rate and confidence intervals (95%CI) of the indicators were estimated in 2019. Student’s t test was used (p ≤ 0.01) to test the differences between editions. Results: the prevalence rate of bullying decreased from 20.4% (95%CI: 19.2 - 21.5) in 2015 to 12.0% (95%CI: 11.6 - 12.5) in 2019. The reasons cited for being bullied were similar in both editions: bodily appearance, facial appearance, and color/race. Prevalence rates were similar between states. The state of Tocantins presented the highest number of bully-victims; states of Mato Grosso and Amapá had the highest number of adolescents being involved in cyberbullying situations, and the state of Rio de Janeiro presented the highest number of bullies. Conclusion: there was a reduction by half in bullying and in the report on not being treated well among Brazilian adolescents; however, the prevalence rate of being bullied and cyberbullying are high in the country. Therefore, attention should be paid to policies to reduce and confront this issue on the national scene.
Caracterización de las relaciones sexuales adolescentes
Authors: Santarato Nathalia , Barbosa Nayara Gonçalves , Silva Anderson Lima Cordeiro da , Monteiro Juliana Cristina dos Santos , Gomes-Sponholz Flávia Azevedo
Published: October 2022

Resumen Objetivo: caracterizar las relaciones sexuales de los adolescentes y su relación con las variables sociodemográficas, fuentes de información y hábitos de comportamiento. Método: estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal, realizado con 85 adolescentes de escuelas primarias y secundarias públicas de un municipio del estado de São Paulo. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de un cuestionario estructurado, autoadministrado y anónimo. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante la prueba de χ2 y la prueba de Fisher. Resultados: el 21,2 % inició su vida sexual a través del sexo oral, con predominio del sexo femenino (94,4 %), y siendo autodeclarados pardos (55,0 %). Las relaciones sexuales con penetración vaginal fueron reportada en 31,8% y con una edad media de inicio de 14,5 años. Predominó el sexo femenino (77,0%) y siendo autodeclaradas pardas (40,0%). La práctica de sexo anal se detectó en el 7,1%, con una edad media de 14,4 años, prevaleciendo el sexo femenino (83,3%) y siendo autodeclarados negros (50,0%). Hubo correspondencia entre el uso de alcohol, drogas y tabaco con las relaciones sexuales (p<0,05). Conclusión: se detectó una diversidad de relaciones sexuales asociadas al uso de sustancias psicoactivas, destacando la importancia del papel del enfermero en la planificación y realización de reuniones conjuntas sobre educación sanitaria con adolescentes y familias.
Superficial femoral vein transposition as a solution for hemodialysis vascular access
Authors: Ribeiro Matheus Mannarino Carmo Silva , Rodrigues Eduardo , Bezerra Alex , Vilela Eric Paiva , Fagundes Felipe Borges , Gomes Cristiane Ferreira de Araújo , Pinto Cristina Ribeiro Riguetti , Virgini-Magalhães Carlos Eduardo
Published: October 2022

Abstract The significant growth in the number of individuals dependent on hemodialysis for renal replacement therapy and unrestricted use of short and long-term catheters have challenged vascular surgeons in search of solutions for patients whose options for access via the upper limbs have been exhausted and for the increasing rates of central venous stenosis in these patients. When access via the upper limbs is impossible, exceptional techniques can be used and the lower limbs offer feasible alternative vascular access sites for hemodialysis. This article reports a case of superficial femoral vein transposition to make a loop arteriovenous fistula in a patient with no possibility of access via the upper limbs and presents a literature review on this technique that remains little used.
How to interpret a meta-analysis?
Authors: El Dib Regina
Published: October 2022

Abstract There is an enormous and ever-growing quantity of healthcare information available and practitioners must transform it into knowledge to be able to use it in their clinical practice. Even readers who do not conduct scientific studies themselves need to understand the scientific method in detail to be able to critically evaluate scientific articles. Evidence-based healthcare (EBH) can be defined as the link between good scientific research and clinical practice and systematic reviews constitute one of the forms of research excellence proposed within EBH. Systematic reviews employ rigorous methods that reduce the occurrence of bias. Systematic reviews with meta-analyses generally optimize the results found, because quantitative analysis of the studies included in the review yields additional information. In this paper, we will discuss how to interpret a meta-analysis and how to apply subset and sensitivity analysis strategies and we will also describe possible sources of heterogeneity and common errors that can affect a meta-analysis.
The absorptive capacity of incubated enterprises and innovation actions in the context of agribusiness in Paraíba, Brazil
Authors: Lima Karina T. , Batista Leonardo F. , Moreira Vinicius F.
Published: October 2022

Abstract Purpose: This article analyzes companies’ absorptive capacity and innovation actions incubated in the Agribusiness Incubator of Cooperatives, Community Organizations, Associations, and Rural Settlements of the Semiarid Region of Paraíba (Iacoc). Originality/value: The value of this research is the validation of the literature and the process’ effectiveness of fostering incubators with incubated enterprises, whose transfer of resources/knowledge can generate innovation. We present the theoretical relationship between absorptive capacity and innovation actions in the context of incubated enterprises, inspiring management practices for different types of innovation, including in specific contexts, such as agribusiness. Design/methodology/approach: We carried out a qualitative multicase study whose analysis focused on six projects incubated at Iacoc. Documentary research and semi-structured interviews with the leading managers were used, and the ATLAS.ti software processed the data. Subsequent content analysis framed the data into four main categories: absorptive capacity combined with the product, marketing, process, and organizational innovations. Findings: Results show that the analyzed projects presented advancements from the absorptive capacity realized, with the generation of innovations in management and planning, people management, the direction of production techniques, product design characteristics, and access to markets. We argue that the theoretical association of the field of absorptive capacity and innovation in the context of incubated enterprises can trigger substantial gains for the thematic area and the actors of innovation ecosystems: the capture of knowledge by companies, innovation actions, the transformation of those involved in the initiatives and socioeconomic impact.
O futebol como meio campo para a política: o jogo além das quatro linhas
Authors: Nascimento Jefferson Ferreira do , Braga Maria do Socorro Sousa
Published: October 2022

RESUMO Introdução: Este artigo descreve como o futebol se constituiu em instituição política informal no Brasil. Materiais e Métodos: Está fundamentado no neo-institucionalismo histórico e no debate sobre instituições informais. Fizemos a análise bibliográfica, documental e de um caso típico (Sport Club Corinthians Paulista). Realizamos sete entrevistas: (a) entrevistas semiestruturadas com o jornalista Juca Kfouri e com ex-deputado Sílvio Torres (Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira) para apreender as percepções de observadores qualificados e de atores; (b) cinco entrevistas estruturadas com torcedores do Sport Club Corinthians para verificar como os torcedores elaboram o sucesso e insucesso eleitoral de ídolos de seu clube. Resultados: O futebol brasileiro funciona como um atalho para recrutamento político por dois fatores: (1) o pertencimento clubístico é um fator de identificação relevante na sociedade brasileira que pode ser mobilizado para impulsionar candidaturas marcadas por forte relação com clubes relevantes nos locais em que concorrem e, com isso, fornece uma base recrutável para o voto; (2) a estrutura atual dos clubes, das federações e da Confederação Brasileira de Futebol conta com ritos que favorecem a socialização política, por ser composta pela disputa contínua de eleições, pelas negociações com o poder público, o relacionamento entre diretoria, conselho, torcedores e imprensa. Por isso, o fato de o “corpo” futebol não estar facilmente visível desde o ponto de vista da política e da ausência de regulamentos, legislações e ordenamentos formais, não anula a capacidade do futebol fomentar práticas políticas de modo regular como algo seguro. Discussão: Os atores respondem a incentivos formais e informais. Ignorar os incentivos e normas informais produz uma imagem incompleta do fenômeno político. Assim sendo, é importante superar análises com tendência à lógica “futebol e política não se misturam” ou à interpretação desse esporte como mecanismo monolítico, de alienação das massas, apropriado por líderes políticos e reconhecer a existência de múltiplos interesses, às vezes convergentes, nos atores do futebol e a atuação política regular de atores do futebol.
Fatores de risco e proteção para o desenvolvimento na primeiríssima infância durante a pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Costa Priscila , Forni Evelyn , Amato Isabella , Sassaki Renata Longhi
Published: October 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar os fatores de risco e proteção para o desenvolvimento de crianças menores de três anos durante a pandemia por COVID-19. Método: Estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa realizado em três centros de educação infantil na cidade de São Paulo em outubro de 2020. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário online. Os fatores de risco e proteção foram mensurados com o instrumento Primeira Infância Para Adultos Saudáveis e o status do desenvolvimento da criança foi aferido por meio do instrumento Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments – CREDI. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 108 responsáveis por crianças de até três anos. Morar com os avós e participar de programas de transferência de renda foram fatores de proteção para o desenvolvimento infantil. A família ser chefiada por mulher representou um fator de risco significativo para o desenvolvimento da criança. Conclusão: Ações intersetoriais de apoio às famílias chefiadas por mulheres e acesso aos programas de transferência de renda são essenciais para a promoção da equidade de oportunidades para o desenvolvimento de crianças na primeiríssima infância.
Análise temporal da incidência de HIV/aids em idosos no período de 2007 a 2020
Authors: Santos Tainá Cajazeira , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Viana Ícaro Garcia , Silva Roberta Mendes Abreu , Bezerra Vanessa Moraes
Published: October 2022

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a tendência temporal da taxa de incidência de casos novos de HIV/aids em idosos, de 2007 a 2020, no estado da Bahia, na Região Nordeste e no Brasil. Métodos Estudo ecológico de séries temporais com uso de dados secundários, no período de 2007 a 2020, em população de idosos. Foram realizados cálculos da taxa de incidência de HIV/aids e distribuição de frequências das características sociodemográficas e categorias de exposição. Modelos de regressão linear simples foram estimados para análise de tendência e calculada a variação percentual anual (VPA). Resultados No Brasil, no período estudado, observou-se estabilidade na tendência da taxa de incidência de HIV/aids para o geral e para ambos os sexos. No Nordeste, houve aumento para o geral (VPA=6,4%), para o sexo masculino (VPA=6,9%) e feminino (VPA=6,5%). Na Bahia houve aumento para o geral (VPA=7,4%) e sexo masculino (VPA=7,4%), e estabilidade para sexo feminino. Maiores proporções de casos novos foram em idosos de 60 a 69 anos, no sexo masculino, em brancos (Brasil), negros (Nordeste e Bahia), baixa escolaridade e categoria de exposição heterossexual. Conclusão Deve-se atentar ao aumento de casos em indivíduos na terceira idade buscando desmistificar tabus a respeito da sexualidade dos idosos, a fim de promover adoção de medidas de promoção de saúde que visem à diminuição da transmissão do vírus.