bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dampak Fintech Terhadap Perkembangan Inklusi Keuangan Pada UMKM Di Jawa Timur
Authors: Dewi Mega Arisia
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine how much influence fintech (risk and investment management, market provisioning, and cashless society) on financial inclusion (financial knowledge, financial behavior, and financial attitudes) on MSMEs in East Java. Research conducted includes the type of quantitative research. The population of this research is 80 MSME industries in East Java, where the data will be used more focused on archival methods available at BPS East Java. This study uses the dependent variable, Financial Inclusion, which consists of: financial knowledge, financial behavior and financial attitudes with independent variables, namely financial technology (risk and investment management, market provisioning, and cashless society). The conclusion of this study is the fintech variable (risk and investment management and market provisioning) does not affect financial inclusion (financial knowledge) while the fintech variable (cashless society) influences financial inclusion (financial knowledge); The fintech variable (risk and investment management and market provisioning) does not affect financial inclusion (financial behavior) while the fintech variable (cashless society) influences financial inclusion (financial behavior); The fintech variable (risk and investment management and market provisioning) does not affect financial inclusion (financial attitude) while the fintech variable (cashless society) influences financial inclusion (financial attitude). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh fintech (risk and investment management, market provisioning, dan cashless society) terhadap inklusi keuangan (pengetahuan keuangan, perilaku keuangan, dan sikap keuangan) pada UMKM di Jawa Timur. Penelitian yang dilakukan termasuk jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah industri UMKM se-Jawa Timur sebanyak 80 UMKM yang mana data akan digunakan lebih berfokus kepada data arsip (archival method) yang tersedia di BPS Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel dependen yaitu Inklusi Keuangan, yang terdiri dari: pengetahuan keuangan, perilaku keuangan dan sikap keuangan dengan variabel independennya, yaitu financial technology (risk and investment management, market provisioning, dan cashless society). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Variabel fintech (risk and invesment management serta market provisioning) tidak berpengaruh terhadap inklusi keuangan (pengetahuan keuangan) sedangkan Variabel fintech (cashless society) berpengaruh terhadap inklusi keuangan (pengetahuan keuangan); Variabel fintech (risk and invesment management serta market provisioning) tidak berpengaruh terhadap inklusi keuangan (perilaku keuangan) sedangkan Variabel fintech (cashless society) berpengaruh terhadap inklusi keuangan (perilaku keuangan); Variabel fintech (risk and invesment management serta market provisioning) tidak berpengaruh terhadap inklusi keuangan (sikap keuangan) sedangkan Variabel fintech (cashless society) berpengaruh terhadap inklusi keuangan (sikap keuangan).
Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Paddy and Maize Farming
Authors: Sodiq Surojudin , Haryanto Tri
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the level of technical efficiency of paddy and maize farming in Gorontalo Province in 2019. The data used comes from the 2019 Ubinan Survey conducted by BPS Gorontalo Province. The total samples studied were 833 farming units, consisting of 392 paddy farming units and 441 maize farming units. The analysis method used is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results showed that most of the paddy and maize farming in Gorontalo Province in 2019 had not yet reached the full level of technical efficiency. The average level of technical efficiency in paddy farming was 68.7 percent, while the average level of efficiency in maize farming was only 56.7 percent.
Gold Reserves in Majority Non-Muslim Countries and Muslim Majority Countries
Authors: Kohardinata Cliff , Roshidawati Clarissa Rachmadella , Sidharta Helena
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyse the priority of gold reserves compared to other reserves between non-Muslim countries with Muslim-majority countries, considering that Muslim scholars often put forward studies on gold or gold reserves, and even become a discourse on using gold as a transactional tool. The research methodology used in this study is a quantitative approach using secondary data. The results of this study indicated that non-Muslim majority countries more considering to use gold based on a reserve motive or precautionary motive for preventing risk. On the other hand, the precautionary motive has no  effect on the decision of Muslim majority countries to prioritize gold as a reserve over other reserves.
Investment support for effective development of agro-industrial enterprises of Lviv region
Authors: Myniv R. , Mokrytska H.
Published: April 2021

Investing in agro-industrial enterprises ensures the competitiveness of agro-industrial formations through the use of innovations to improve their positions in both domestic and foreign markets; achieving economic and food security; improving the social infrastructure of the village translator. Investment activity is a determining factor in the effectiveness of the formation and use of investment potential of agricultural enterprises. The analysis of statistical data on the volume of investments in agricultural enterprises of Lviv region at the expense of district budgets in 2019–2020 indicates an increase in investment resources invested in Horodok, Zolochiv and Stryj districts. However, the total approved amount of investments in the region in 2020 (1913.0 thousand UAH) decreased by 2.3 times compared to the funded volume in 2019 (4394.9 thousand UAH), which indicates the unstable rate of investment activity of investments in agro-industrial enterprises in terms of districts of Lviv region. During 2016–2020, there is a positive trend to increase the share of investments in the agro-industrial complex of Lviv region from the budgets of all levels, which, given the leading role of the national agricultural sector, is quite natural. This figure will reach its maximum value in 2020, which is 15.3 more than in 2016, at the expense of the state budget and 1.6 times more – at the expense of the regional budget. During 2019 (52 enterprises) 2.5 times compared to 2016 (22 enterprises) increased the number of agricultural enterprises in Lviv region, which used the program of interest compensation on loans in the amount of 68.4 million UAH. at the expense of the regional budget, which is 3.1 times more than in 2016 (UAH 22.0 million). The program of compensation of interest on loans from the state budget in 2019 was used by 41 enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Lviv region, which is 3.2 shirts more than in 2016. However, funding decreased from UAH 334.1 million. in 2016 to UAH 173.8 million. in 2019. In 2019, UAH 11.5 million was financed for the implementation of business plans at the expense of soft loans of Lviv region. at the expense of the state budget and UAH 6.8 million. at the expense of the local budget. This allowed 34 businesses to purchase 14 units of agricultural machinery, plant 18.7 hectares of orchards and berries, purchase 24 heads of breeding animals, 21 formations to modernize technological processes and create an additional 30 jobs. Investments are an important guarantee of effective economic development of any enterprise, region, country. At the present stage, the main task is to take all possible measures to create an attractive investment climate and intensify investment processes at both the regional and national levels.
АНАЛІЗ ТОВАРНОГО АСОРТИМЕНТУ РИТЕЙЛА
Authors: Дронова Тетяна
Published: April 2021

Стаття присвячена дослідженню товарного асортименту ритейла. В результаті проведення АВС аналізу, виділено три групи товарів: група А – дуже важливі товари, група В – товари середньої важливості та група С – найменш важливі товари. Аналіз асортименту ТОВ «Простор» за внеском товарних груп в товарообіг та прибуток показав такі групи товарів: група АА – декоративна косметика, парфуми для жінок, нішева парфуме- рія, парфуми для чоловіків, засоби для догляду за волоссям; групи АВ та ВА – товари для догляду за оселею, ароматизатори, парфумовані свічки, атомайзери, лаки, гелі, основи для нігтів; група ВВ – інструменти для ма- нікюру та педикюру, крем, бальзами та маски для обличчя, ароматична вода, спрей, захист від сонця, засоби для догляду для губ; група ВС – засоби гоління для чоловіків; група СС – косметичні щітки, біжутерія, аромати для дому, спецзасоби, гігієна і догляд, лазня і сауна, сумки, косметички, інструменти для манікюру та педикюру.
МЕДИЧНЕ СТРАХУВАННЯ В УМОВАХ ПАНДЕМІЇ
Authors: Стешенко Олена
Published: April 2021

У статті обґрунтовано особливості функціонування українського медичного страхування в умовах пандемії COVID-19. Досліджено роботу ринку медичного страхування в Україні. Визначено значення добровільного медичного страхування. Доведено, що медичне страхування є важливою складовою соціальної інфраструк- тури країни і розглядається як альтернативна модель організації охорони здоров’я. Проаналізовано страхові компанії, які займають лідерські місця в рейтингу медичного страхування за показниками страхових премій, страхових виплат та рівнем виплат. Наведено порівняльну характеристику медичних страхових програм, які пропонують населенню страхові компанії «ЄВРОІНС страхування», «MetLife», «ARX», «Альфа Страхування», «ІNGO Україна» з врахуванням особливостей надання послуг від COVID-19. Виокремлено основні проблеми, що стримують ефективний розвиток медичного страхування в країні. Виявлено тенденціі та перспективи роз- витку медичного страхування в Україні.
Uma História Ambiental da Batinga Sul – Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil)
Authors: Schüler Thais Gaia , Magalhães Magna Lima
Published: April 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo discutir a relação estabelecida entre os elementos ambientais e culturais constituintes da formação histórica da localidade de Batinga Sul, região rural situada no município de Brochier, inserida entre os Vales dos Rios Caí e Taquari, no interior do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). Seu território vem sendo ocupado há aproximadamente dez mil anos por um constante movimento de antropismo marcado pela renovação, pelo reajuste e pela transformação na relação sociedade-natureza, mediada, sobretudo, pela determinação das técnicas usadas sobre o espaço. Sua paisagem é, assim, resultado de um processo histórico e cultural. O estudo em questão, desenvolvido na perspectiva interdisciplinar da História Ambiental e valorizando a indissociabilidade entre cultura e natureza, está subsidiado na pesquisa realizada em acervos locais, bem como na História Oral e na Etnografia. A pesquisa indica que a paisagem local, para além das condições ambientais, é fruto de um processo histórico e cultural marcado por permanências e renovações que são esboçadas desde os primeiros assentamentos humanos na região, os quais, juntamente com a colonização teuto-brasileira, são constituintes da memória coletiva e das referências identitárias da comunidade local contemporânea.
“Una revolución es una fuerza más poderosa que la naturaleza”: Fenómenos meteorológicos extremos y la Revolución Cubana, 1959-1964
Authors: D. Wolfe Mikael
Published: April 2021

Este artículo analiza cómo la severa sequía de 1961-1962 y la furia del huracán Flora en octubre de 1963 influenciaron socioeconómica y geopolíticamente a la Revolución Cubana en los primeros cinco años, cruciales para la consolidación del poder de Fidel Castro. Con base en una extensa investigación en periódicos y revistas cubanos y estadounidenses, documentos desclasificados del gobierno norteamericano, discursos, entrevistas y escritos de revolucionarios cubanos y consejeros extranjeros, narraciones orales de sobrevivientes del huracán, así como literatura secundaria, este trabajo utiliza el enfoque de la historia ambiental para mostrar que el gobierno y los medios, tanto de Cuba como de Estados Unidos, consideraban que los factores geopolíticos y ambientales se entrelazaban para explicar las tribulaciones socioeconómicas cubanas. Los fenómenos meteorológicos por sí solos no determinaron el rumbo de la Revolución Cubana; sin embargo, sus variados efectos moldearon los años formativos de la revolución, al influir en el desarrollo nacional durante la Guerra Fría en formas que, hasta ahora, los estudiosos de la primera fase de la Cuba revolucionaria han pasado por alto.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Sistem Inventory dengan Barcode di Laboratorium Teknik Elektro Universitas Bangka Belitung
Authors: Asmar Asmar , Putra Ghiri Basuki
Published: April 2021

Laboratorium merupakan tempat mahasiswa melakukan aktifitas praktikum dalam lebih memahami suatu mata kuliah. Di laboratorium Teknik Elektro UBB banyak sekali alat dan komponen elektronika yang digunakan sehingga dibutuhkan invetarisasi peralatan dan komponen tersebut agar mudah dalam penggunaannya. Kegiatan inventaris barang pada Laboratorium Teknik Elektro sebelumnya menggunakan sistem pencatatan manual sehingga dalam pelaksanaannya belum berjalan secara optimal dan masih manual sehingga banyak permasalahan yang terjadi. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut diperlukan suatu aplikasi yang mampu mendata peralatan dan komponen yang ada di laboratorium, proses peminjaman, pengembalian dan kondisi barang yang ada secara otomatis. Aplikasi invetarisasi ini dibuat melalui beberapa tahap yaitu, identifikasi permasalahan, perancangan, pembuatan aplikasi dan barcobe alat dan tahap implementasi aplikasi. Aplikasi dibuat menggunakan menggunakan software pengolah data, sedangkan barcode dibuat dengan Barcode Studio. Hasil dari penelitian ini telah diterapkan pada Laboratorium teknik Elektro dan sangat membantu dalam proses peminjaman, pengembalian, pengontrolan kondisi barang yang ada dilaboratorium, dan pembuatan laporan dan dapat dilakukan secara digital serta penyimpanan data menjadi lebih aman dan elektronik
Desain Penyeimbangan Sel Baterai Lithium-Ion dengan Teknik Cell-to-Cell Charging Mode pada Battery Management System (BMS)
Authors: Khaeruddin Khaeruddin , Wijono Wijono , Hasanah Rini Nur
Published: April 2021

Makalah ini membahas tentang penyeimbangan arus charging baterai lithium-ion pada BMS (Battery Management System) mobil listrik. Kondisi tidak seimbang pada saat proses pengisian baterai disebabkan karena salah satu baterai yang sudah terisi penuh sedangkan sebagiannya masih separuh atau bahkan hanya seperampat saja yang terisi. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan baterai cepat panas, serta melewati kondisi SOA (Safety of Area) sehingga menyebabkan kebakaran pada baterai. Pada penelitian ini, teknik cell-to-cell diusulkan untuk menyeimbangkan arus pengisian ke masing-masing sel baterai agar mendekati kondisi sama rata. Hasil simulasi menunjukan bahwa penggunaan teknik balancing cell-to-cell dapat menyeimbangkan sel baterai selama masa pengisian.

 Kata kunci: Penyeimbangan, Sel, Baterai, Lithium-ion, Cell-to-cell, BMS.
Analysis of the Influence of Economic Potential on Inequality of Economic Zones between Regencies / Cities in South Sumatra Province
Authors:   Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia, Layasari Ioki , Syamsurijal Syamsurijal ,   Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia, Suhel Suhel ,   Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze how the influence of economic potential in the form of leading and potential sectors on regional inequality in 13 districts and 4 cities in South Sumatra Province. The analytical method used is the Williamson Index measurement to measure regional inequality and the analysis of Static Location Quotient (SLQ) and Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ). The analysis technique uses panel data regression with the selection of the best model, namely Fixed Effect with the observation period from 2011 to 2019. The results show that the SLQ variable has a positive relationship and does not have a significant effect on the level of regional inequality. The influence coefficient of 0.0379 with a probability value of 0.1113>0.05 (which is the critical limit of 5 percent) is not statistically significant. This condition shows that sectoral economic development will also increase inequality. Economic development in the early stages of a region is generally characterized by the production of the dominant primary sector in the economy, so that at the beginning of development, an increase in economic growth is also followed by an increase in inequality. DLQ shows the constant value of the applicable Fixed Effect model is -0.007971. And it has a negative effect, which means that when the DLQ increases by 1 percent, inequality will decrease by 0.0079 with a probability value of 0.0114<0.05, which is the critical limit of 5 percent, so it is statistically significant, meaning that the increase and development of potential economic sectors that are competitive in the future it will be able to reduce inequality by 0.0079. This shows that there are increasing sectoral developments due to the investment factor of new capital goods in this potential sector which encourages increased labor productivity. There are differences in characteristics between regions, especially the availability of natural resources, causing these areas to be more advanced than other regions.
Objects of Intellectual Property Right in the Accounting System
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine ", Skorobogatova Natalia ,   Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute",   , Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

The rapid introduction of software products and other objects of intellectual property rights in the context of the fourth industrial revolution requires the improvement of methodical approaches to identifying the costs of their acquisition and creation. Such approaches will allow unambiguously determining the corresponding costs in the accounting system and reflecting them in the financial statements. The purpose of the article is to disclose the essence and identification of criteria for the recognition of intellectual property objects in the accounting system, taking into account the specifics of the use of information and communication technologies. Based on the analysis of domestic regulatory and methodical documents regulating the accounting for intangible assets, and international accounting standards, a number of inconsistent points have been identified on identifying the costs of acquiring and creating intellectual property objects and the conditions for their inclusion in current expenses or the initial cost of fixed assets. For the purpose of justified identification of these costs as an accounting object, the criteria for recognizing costs for the acquisition and creation of intellectual property objects have been systematized using the example of software products. The approach proposed by the author will contribute to the reasonable formation of the corresponding costs and their reflection in the accounting and reporting of the enterprise. Based on this, it will be possible to determine the objective financial results of the enterprise and evaluate its value. It was also proposed to apply a unified approach to determining the value of an object of intellectual property rights as an object of accounting and an investment object. This will allow introducing a unified monitoring system for long-term expenses in the accounting of the enterprise.
Trends of the Accounting Development in Ukraine Taking into Account Foreign Experience
Authors:   Polissya National University, Zhytomyr, Ukraine, Yarmolyuk Olena , Dmytrenko Olha ,   Polissya National University, Zhytomyr, Ukraine, Viter Svitlana ,   Polissya National University, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the study of current trends of development of the accounting system in Ukraine in the context of the analysis of the positive experience of organizing and implementing accounting processes in foreign countries, as well as the prospects for its application in the context of the variability of the socio-economic environment. Research methodology includes methods of comparison, abstraction, analysis and generalization. The analysis of the features of the implementation of accounting in Ukraine at the present stage of socio-economic development was conducted. The influence of foreign experience on the Ukrainian model of organizing accounting procedures was determined. Based on the generalization of the trends in the development of the Ukrainian accounting system, the characteristic features of the current approaches to organizing accounting procedures were outlined. The features of the transformation of the accounting system under the influence of globalization processes were determined, in particular in the context of Ukraine's implementation of European integration aspirations, are analyzed. On the basis of a comparison of foreign practice of organizing accounting, the most appropriate mechanisms, tools and directions for improving accounting processes for Ukraine were determined. The advantages of implementation of the IFRS standards in the context of national accounting model were disclosed. Key models of accounting organization in foreign countries were characterized. It was proved that the further development of accounting in Ukraine should be carried out in the direction of adapting foreign, in particular European, models of organizing accounting procedures with the requirements of the domestic business environment. In turn, the use of the existing socio-economic and financial potential of the country will help to streamline accounting processes and increase their effectiveness.
Strategic Correction of Enterprise Reporting Policy
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine, Gryn Viktoriia
Published: April 2021

One of the ways to implement the strategic accounting policy is the strategic correction of the reporting policy of the enterprise, which provides for the creation of the necessary information impact on external users who are subjects of management decisions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the theoretical foundations and substantiate the mechanisms for implementing the strategic correction of the enterprise reporting policy. The concept of strategic correction of the enterprise reporting policy has been disclosed. The role of signal accounting theory in the formation of the theoretical foundations of strategic accounting policy of the enterprise has been analyzed. The role of strategic additional disclosure in achieving the strategic goals of the enterprise has been determined. The reasons for understanding the information about the accounting policy as a source of accounting signals for external users have been identified. The concept of additional disclosure of accounting information of the enterprise as the transfer of information through additional forms of reporting, which goes beyond the current regulatory requirements or accounting standards set by the regulators of the national accounting system has been grounded. The necessity of forming a strategic reporting policy based on the strategic goals has been determined. The implementation of informational influence on various groups of external entities, the decisions of which depend on the achievement of strategic goals of the enterprise has been determined as the main purpose of the strategic correction of the reporting policy of the enterprise. The dependence of the achievement of the strategic goals of the enterprise on the disclosure of promising accounting information and on additional detailed or more complete information about its current and past activities has been grounded.
Analysis of the Dynamics, Composition and Structure of the PFTS Index
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Pozniakova Olena , Chubka Olha ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Antoshchuk Illia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to analyzing the state of the stock market in Ukraine, identifying its main weaknesses and changes that have occurred over the past 10 years, as well as identifying the main vectors for its further development. The analysis of the stock market in this research is based on the study of the basic principles of its functioning, assessment of the dynamics and changes in the structure of the PFTS stock index (First Stock Trading System). To achieve the goal of the study, the authors used methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparative analysis, tabular and graphical methods. The dynamics of the PFTS stock index for 10 years was considered and on this basis the main positive and negative changes in the stock market, as well as periods of growth and crisis were identified. The structure of the PFTS stock index during 2012-2021 was assessed. The list of sectors of the Ukrainian economy that were represented in the index basket was analyzed. The causes of changes and fluctuations in this stock index were identified. It was proved that in addition to the crisis and cyclical fluctuations of the economy, the dynamics of the PFTS stock index was also influenced by its structure by industry and the number of companies represented in the basket. Thus, there is a constant trend to reduce the number of enterprises in the index basket, as well as changes in its structure. The reasons why a number of companies started to leave this stock exchange or the national stock market as a whole were investigated. For a more in-depth analysis, the structure of gross domestic product during 2012-2020 was analyzed and this structure was compared with the structure of the index basket. It was found that most sectors of the economy did not have significant changes in the overall structure of GDP, but the share of these sectors decreased significantly in the PFTS index basket. Based on the results of the analysis, ways and prospects for improving the current situation on the stock market in Ukraine were identified, as well as a number of tasks that should be a priority in building a strong and stable Ukrainian economy.
Otel Çalışanlarında Tükenmişlik ve İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisi: Bişkek’te Bir Araştırma
Authors: TEMİRKANOVA Zhyldyz , ATAY Lütfi
Published: April 2021

Tükenmişlik sendromu yaşamın her alanında görülebilecek bir durumdur. Özellikle müşteri ilişkisi yoğun, üretim ile tüketimin eş zamanlı olduğu turizm sektörü için tükenmişlik önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Turizm sektöründe önemli payı olan ve işgücü devir hızı yüksek olan konaklama işletmelerin başarısında önemli rol oynayan etkenlerden birisi de işten ayrılma niyetidir. Bu nedenle otel yöneticilerinin işletmenin başarısı için çalışanların tükenmişlik sendromunu tespit etmesi, önlemesi ve işten ayrılma niyetlerinin önüne geçmesi gerekmektedir. Kırgızistan'ın Bişkek şehrindeki otellerde çalışanların tükenmişlik düzeylerini tespit etmek ve işten ayrılma niyetine etkisini incelemek amacıyla bu çalışma tasarlanmıştır. Bişkek’te faaliyet gösteren otellerde çalışan toplam 277 çalışandan anket formu aracılığı ile toplanan veriler SPSS paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada otel çalışanlarının genel tükenmişlik düzeyleriyle işten ayrılma niyeti arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışanların duygusal tükenmişlik ve duyarsızlaşma düzeyleri ile işten ayrılma niyetleri arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.
Differences in Mathematics Learning Outcomes in Terms of Level of Motivation and Learning Styles of Students Class XI SMK Kesehatah Imelda Ritonga
Authors: Irawan Dede , Harahap Amin
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine differences in mathematics learning outcomes of students in terms of level of motivation learning styles of students and How students ' mathematics learning Outcomes in terms of level of motivation and learning styles of students. This research experiments. The research Data consists of the initial test and final test about the material that has been delivered using the approach of learning motivation and learning styles with the dependent variable is learning outcomes. In this study, the researchers obtained data from the results of pre-test and post-test conducted in the experimental class(the class that viewed from learning motivation) and class control(class in terms of learning styles). Based on the above analysis, it has been proven that there are significant differences between the learning outcomes in terms of learning motivation and learning styles in enhancing student learning outcomes in Mathematics learning in the SMK Kesehatan Imelda Ritonga.
Total Score Differences of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Depression (HADS-D) in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Based on Gender at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan
Authors: Husada M. Surya , Loebis Bahagia , Selian Ariwan
Published: April 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious and airborne disease. Over the decades, psychiatric morbidity in patients with MDR-TB has become increasingly recognized. Resistant tuberculosis is currently a serious health problem worldwide. This chronic disease takes a long time and causes various side effects, often causing symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). However, there are still relatively few who focus on psychiatric disorders in patients with MDR-TB. To find out the total score differences of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Depression (HADS-D) in patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) based on gender. This study is an Unpaired Two Group Numerical Comparative Analytical study with a cross-sectional approach, namely by describing and analyzing a situation at a certain time using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Depression (HADS-D) instrument. The results of the analysis with the Pearson test obtained a p-value <0.001 (p <0.05). There is a difference in the total score of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Depression (HADS-D) in patients with Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) based on gender at the H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan.
Gingival health status of primary school children in a Nigerian community
Authors: O Osadolor O
Published: April 2021

Background: Gingival status is a part of periodontal health. Periodontal health may be defined as absence of gingivitis, periodontitis or other periodontal conditions.

Objective: To assess the gingival health status of 11 year old primary school children in a rural community in south -east Nigeria

Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study of 11 year old primary school children was done in a public primary school in Nkanu -West local Government Area of Enugu State. Ethical clearance for this study was sought and obtained. Socio-demographic data was obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Gingival examination was done by a single examiner (k= 0.76), intra examiner calibration (five children per session) was done prior to data collection, The gingival status was assessed according to the gingival index of Loe and Silness. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 20. P values < 0.05 were accepted as being statistically significant

Results: 22 (46.3%) females, 28(53.7%) males were seen and examined, giving a female to male ratio of about 1:1.3. 2(4 %) had healthy gingiva, 47(94 %) had mild gingivitis , 1(2 %) had moderate gingivitis and none of the participants had severe gingivitis. Mild gingivitis were seen more in males than females. Majority of the school children duration of tooth brushing was about two minutes.

Conclusion: Gingival status is a part of periodontal health. In this study, gingivitis were seen more in males than females, only marginal gingivitis were seen among the school children and none had severe gingivitis.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2021; 11 (1): 16-19
Management of gingival cyst of a newborn: a case report with epidemiological data.
Authors: Fairooz Fathimath , Saleem Yaafiya , Iqbal Md Ashif
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Gingival cyst also known as Dental Lamina cyst. They form small nodules or cysts on the alveolar ridge, each up to 2 mm in diameter. They are considered to be due to proliferation of the epithelial rests of Serres but can arise on the lateral aspects of the ridge and the crest. They are considered to be benign lesions which usually are present on the alveolar ridge and are often mistaken as neonatal tooth.

Objective: The aim of this case report is to enlist and describe the diagnostic features and management of the gingival cyst of newborn, as these kind of lesions can cause anxiety and fear among the parents. It is important to diagnose these conditions in order to prevent unnecessary surgical interventions and provide adequate care and proper knowledge to the parents.

Method: This is a case study of asymptomatic gingival cyst which was present in a newborn at the time of birth on the lower alveolar ridge. Diagnosis of this keratin filled small cystic lesion was made on the basis of clinical history and oral findings.

Conclusion: Gingival cyst of infants are transient lesions. No definitive treatment was given but the patient was kept on follow-up for 3 months during which the lesion regressed by itself.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2021; 11 (1): 23-25
COVID-19 Australia: Epidemiology Report 39: Reporting period ending 11 April 2021
Authors:   COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
Published: April 2021

This is the thirty-ninth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 23:59 Australian Eastern Standard Time [AEST] 11 April 2021. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia.
Utilization of Rhizobacteria and Spent Mushroom Compost for the Management of Bacterial Wilt of Potato
Authors: Altaf Adeela , Inam-ul-Haq Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most important staple food in the world after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.). In Pakistan, potato crop is cultivated over an area of 191.6 million hectares. On an average potato production in Pakistan is 20 tonnes per hectare.A target has set by The Government of Pakistan to produce about 4.871 million tons potatoes during Rabi Season 2020-21. (Federal Committee on Agriculture FCA) The potato production exceeds 376 million tonnes harvested from an area of 19.25 million hectares in the world (FAOSTAT 2018). Ralstonia solanacearum causing bacterial wilt is a major threat to potato production. Management through biocontrol agents is one of the best methods that can replace synthetic chemical-based formulations. In the current study combine effect of antagonist rhizobacteria as biocontrol agent and spent mushroom compost as biofertilizer were tested against bacterial wilt disease pathogen. Potato plant samples infected with R. solanacearum and rhizobacteria were collected from potato growing fields in Rawalpindi. Out of twenty tested antagonistic rhizobacterial isolates, only three viz., Rh10, Rh12 and Rh 15 showed maximum inhibitory effect against R. solanacearum. In another experiment different combinations of treatments containing rhizobacteria alone or combined with fresh and spent mushroom composts were also tested against the bacterial wilt pathogen under laboratory conditions. Combination of rhizobacteria along with weathered compost (T5) reduced the disease incidence to 15.92 % when compared against 77.81 % in control after six weeks. Significant increase in plant height up to 41.83 cm was also observed as compared to control viz., 35.5cm. Similarly, T2 (only fresh compost), T3 (containing fresh compost along with rhizobacteria) and T4 (rhizobacteria along with weathered compost) also showed better results as compared to against control (T0) where there was no application of rhizobacteria and compost. Application of rhizobacterial along with spent mushroom compost can significantly reduce the disease incidence along with the improvement in plant growth parameters.
The London Ahmadiyya Mission and the Kashmir Movement
Authors: Habib Naseer A.
Published: April 2021

The Muslim community of the Indo-Pak Subcontinent began to show the signs of centripetal trend facing the challenge of imperialism and the Hindu domination in Colonial India. We find glimpses of an inclusive approach in the formation of the All-India Kashmir Committee in 1931. The London Ahmadiyya Mission was a Centre of Ahmadiyya Jam’at. The movement of Kashmiri Muslims for political rights emerged as a result of indigenous conditions and the All-India Kashmir Committee came into being. The London Ahmadiyya Mission contributed to the work of this Committee by highlighting its case in Great Britain. It came to defend the cause of the Kashmiri Muslims. The London Ahmadiyya Mission served the important job of fine-tuning the lobbying work.  The Congress considered it a British- backed movement (Qureshi, 1998:319). Having adopted the technique of thick description, we found the inclusive trend working behind the emergence of the All-India Kashmir Committee.
Educational Dualism in the Muslim World and the Way Forward: A Comparative Study of Educational Thought of Mawlana Madoodi and Badiuzzaman Said Nursi
Authors: Sheikh Javaid A.
Published: April 2021

There is no denying of the fact that Islam lays a great thrust on education but the duality in the education system has created a huge gulf between the secular and the sacred. Generally speaking religious educational institutions have been cut off from the scientific knowledge and hence from the world altogether, and the secular educational institutions are cut off from the Wahi (the Divine guidance), hence cut off from the other world. Under the prevailing setup, both systems are inadequate to produce the desired man-the Khalifa. Therefore, integration of both streams of knowledge is accepted as the only solution not only for the progress and development of the Muslim world but also for curbing and eliminating fundamentalism and religious intolerance.  The paper aims to find solutions to this dualism in the views of Syed Maududi and Said Nursi. Both, Maududi and Nursi have advocated an integrated system of education where the worldly and the other-worldly knowledge can be clubbed together. However, it is to be admitted that Maududi’s educational approach is more ideology centric while as Said Nursi’s approach is faith based. The study aims to understand comparatively and critically the educational thoughts of Sayyed Maududi and Said Nursi.
Determining the Nominal Exchange Rate in Sri Lanka: An Application of The Lagrange Multiplier Structural Break Unit Root Test and The Ardl Co-Integration
Authors: Rajakaruna Iwanthika , Perera Nelson
Published: April 2021

Bihari There is a vast literature on the impact of exchange rate on developing countries’ economies. This paper studies the determinants of nominal exchange rate fluctuations in Sri Lanka. It employs recent secondary macroeconomics monthly time series data (2011:01-2018:07) and tests the ARDL co-integration approach with structural break LM unit root test, which was introduced by Lee and Strazicich in 2013. Results of the bound test show that the nominal exchange rate has a long-term relationship with its determinants. Further, our empirical findings suggest that a strong depreciating link exists between the nominal exchange rate and money supply in Sri Lanka during the sample period. Outcomes are signals that identify new lessons for policy-makers to implement consistent foreign exchange policies. Doing so must consider both monetary and fiscal policy simultaneously.
Publication of Articles on Review of Laws and Policies
Authors: Ackah David , Suparji Suparji , Budiono Arief
Published: April 2021

EDITORIAL

We all know that AloHA International Journal of Mulitidisciplinary Advancement (AIJMU) is an international journal that publishes various articles from various disciplines. At the start of this second year of publication, articles on law and policy were published. We on behalf of the editorial board hope that in the next issues articles on law and policy will continue to color this journal. For this reason, we invite researchers who are engaged in the field of law and policy to publish their best research results and thoughts in this journal.
miR-376a Provokes Rectum Adenocarcinoma Via CTC1 Depletion-Induced Telomere Dysfunction
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhao Xiaotong , Wang Bing , Liu Zhijia , Zhang Manman , Wang Jinhan , Xu Chang , Wang Yan , Du Liqing , Wang Feng , Wang Qin , Liu Qiang
Published: April 2021

CTC1 is a component of the mammalian CST (CTC1–STN1–TEN1) complex which plays essential roles in resolving replication problems to facilitate telomeric DNA and genomic DNA replication. We previously reported that the depletion of CTC1 leads to stalled replication fork restart defects. Moreover, the mutation in CTC1 caused cancer-prone diseases including Coats plus (CP) or dyskeratosis congenita (DC). To better understand the CTC1 regulatory axis, the microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting to CTC1 were predicted by a bioinformatics tool, and the selected candidates were further confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Here, our current results revealed that miR-376a significantly reduced CTC1 expression at the transcription level by recognizing CTC1 3′-UTR. In addition, the overexpression of miR-376a induced telomere replication defection and resulted in direct replicative telomere damage, which could be rescued by adding back CTC1. Telomere shortening was also observed upon miR-376a treatment. Furthermore, for the clinical patient samples, the high expression of miR-376a was associated with the deregulation of CTC1 and a poor outcome for the rectum adenocarcinoma patients. Together, our results uncovered a novel role of miR-376a in stimulating rectum adenocarcinoma progression via CTC1 downregulating induced telomere dysfunction.
Protein Serine/Threonine Phosphatase Type 2C of Leishmania mexicana
Authors: Escalona-Montaño Alma Reyna , Zuñiga-Fabián Mariana , Cabrera Nallely , Mondragón-Flores Ricardo , Gómez-Sandoval Jenny Nancy , Rojas-Bernabé Araceli , González-Canto Augusto , Gutiérrez-Kobeh Laila , Pérez-Montfort Ruy , Becker Ingeborg , Aguirre-García Maria Magdalena
Published: April 2021

Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are increasingly recognized as important processes for regulating multiple physiological mechanisms. Phosphorylation is carried out by protein kinases and dephosphorylation by protein phosphatases. Phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs), one of three families of protein serine/threonine phosphatases, have great structural diversity and are involved in regulating many cell functions. PP2C, a type of PPP, is found in Leishmania, a dimorphic protozoan parasite and the causal agent of leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to clone, purify, biochemically characterize and quantify the expression of PP2C in Leishmania mexicana (LmxPP2C). Recombinant LmxPP2C dephosphorylated a specific threonine (with optimal activity at pH 8) in the presence of the manganese divalent cation (Mn+2). LmxPP2C activity was inhibited by sanguinarine (a specific inhibitor) but was unaffected by protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors. Western blot analysis indicated that anti-LmxPP2C antibodies recognized a molecule of 45.2 kDa. Transmission electron microscopy with immunodetection localized LmxPP2C in the flagellar pocket and flagellum of promastigotes but showed poor staining in amastigotes. Interestingly, LmxPP2C belongs to the ortholog group OG6_142542, which contains only protozoa of the family Trypanosomatidae. This suggests a specific function of the enzyme in the flagellar pocket of these microorganisms.
Inhibiting Pyridoxal Kinase of Entamoeba histolytica Is Lethal for This Pathogen
Authors: Devi Suneeta , Tomar Priya , Faisal Tarique Khaja , Gourinath Samudrala
Published: April 2021

Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP) functions as a cofactor for hundreds of different enzymes that are crucial to the survival of microorganisms. PLP-dependent enzymes have been extensively characterized and proposed as drug targets in Entamoeba histolytica. This pathogen is unable to synthesize vitamin B6via de-novo pathway and relies on the uptake of vitamin B6 vitamers from the host which are then phosphorylated by the enzyme pyridoxal kinase to produce PLP, the active form of vitamin B6. Previous studies from our lab shows that EhPLK is essential for the survival and growth of this protozoan parasite and its active site differs significantly with respect to its human homologue making it a potential drug target. In-silico screening of EhPLK against small molecule libraries were performed and top five ranked molecules were shortlisted on the basis of docking scores. These compounds dock into the PLP binding site of the enzyme such that binding of these compounds hinders the binding of substrate. Of these five compounds, two compounds showed inhibitory activity with IC50 values between 100-250 μM when tested in-vitro. The effect of these compounds proved to be extremely lethal for Entamoeba trophozoites in cultured cells as the growth was hampered by 91.5% and 89.5% when grown in the presence of these compounds over the period of 72 hours.
Comparative Analysis of Virulence Mechanisms of Trypanosomatids Pathogenic to Humans
Authors: de Castro Neto Artur Leonel , da Silveira José Franco , Mortara Renato Arruda
Published: April 2021

Trypanosoma brucei,Leishmaniaspp., andT. cruziare flagellate protozoans of the family Trypanosomatidae and the causative agents of human African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and Chagas disease, respectively. These diseases affect humans worldwide and exert a significant impact on public health. Over the course of evolution, the parasites associated with these pathologies have developed mechanisms to circumvent the immune response system throughout the infection cycle. In cases of human infection, this function is undertaken by a group of proteins and processes that allow the parasites to propagate and survive during host invasion. InT. brucei, antigenic variation is promoted by variant surface glycoproteins and other proteins involved in evasion from the humoral immune response, which helps the parasite sustain itself in the extracellular milieu during infection. Conversely,Leishmaniaspp. andT.cruzipossess a more complex infection cycle, with specific intracellular stages. In addition to mechanisms for evading humoral immunity, the pathogens have also developed mechanisms for facilitating their adhesion and incorporation into host cells. In this review, the different immune evasion strategies at cellular and molecular levels developed by these human-pathogenic trypanosomatids have been discussed, with a focus on the key molecules responsible for mediating the invasion and evasion mechanisms and the effects of these molecules on virulence.