bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Project Based Learning (PjBL) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika pada Materi Bangun Datar Kelas V SD IP YLPI Riau
Authors: Putri Dwi Yuliana , Ain Siti Qurratul
Published: September 2024

Tujuan Penelitian adalah Untuk mengetahui pengaruh dalam model project Based Learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa pembelajaran matematika Kelas V SD IP YLPI RIAU. Delsain Penelitian ini penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi eksperimental research). Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menyimpulkan bahwa melalui model Project Based Learning (PJBL) berdampak terhadap pengaruh hasil belajar peserta didik. Peserta didik mempunyai daya Tarik tersendiri dalam mencoba membuat ide/ karya dengan menggunakan kertas origami dan karton, sehingga semakin sering peserta didik mencoba membuat suatu ide/karya dengan kertas origami, maka akan semakin paham maksud dari model pembelajaran project based learning (pjbl) tersebut yaitu membuat ide/proyek secara mudah dan menyenangkan.
Pengaruh Penggunan Alat Peraga Bangun Ruang (Jaring-Jaring Kubus) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas V di SD Negeri 116 Pekanbaru
Authors: Rispaldi Aldo , Ain Siti Qurratul
Published: September 2024

Penenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh penggunaan alat peraga terhadap hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran matematika di kelas 5A SD Negeri 116 Pekanbaru. Desain Penelitian ini menggunakan One Group Design yang hanya meneliti satu kelas dan membandingkan sebelum penggunaan alat peraga dan sesudah penggunaan alat peraga dalam pembelajaran matematika kelas 5 materi bangun ruang kubus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan alat peraga dalam pembelajaran berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penggunaan media dalam pembelajaran, dapat menjadi pilihan yang efektif bagi guru untuk memperkaya pengalaman belajar siswa
Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Ketertiban dan Kebersihan di Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Putri Kaca Mayang Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Syafanah Sarah Azkha , Mashur Dadang
Published: September 2024

Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Putri Kaca Mayang merupakan salah satu kawasan hijau yang ada di pusat Kota Pekanbaru. Ruang Terbuka Hijau Putri Kaca Mayang memiliki daya tarik tersendiri bagi masyarakat Kota Pekanbaru untuk dikunjungi. Dengan dibangunnya Ruang Terbuka Hijau Putri Kaca Mayang menjadikan Kota Pekanbaru terlihat lebih cantik serta memberikan kesan natural di tengah kepadatan kawasan perkotaan. Tentunya di setiap tempat wisata umum menjaga ketertiban dan kebersihan disana sangatlah penting agar pengunjung lain dapat menikamti keindahan taman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam ketertiban dan kebersihan di Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Putri Kaca Mayang Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif menurut konsep teori partisipasi masyarakat. Dalam metode pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Ketertiban dan Kebersihan di RTH Putri Kaca Mayang masih belum maksimal. Dapat dilihat dari masih banyaknya masyarakat yang kurang tertib saat berada di kawasan taman dan banyaknya sampah yang berserakan di setiap sudut taman tersebut. Adapun faktor-faktor penghambat dalam ketertiban dan kebersihan di Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Putri Kaca Mayang yaitu kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat (pengunjung) akan menjaga ketertiban dan kebersihan di tempat umum dan sifat individu (malas, bodo amat, tidak mau perubahan) terhadap ketertiban dan kebersihan di lingkungan umum. Hal ini disebabkan karena masih kurang tegasnya pemerintah daerah dan kesadaran dari masyarakat di Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Putri Kaca Mayang Kota Pekanbaru sehingga ketertiban dan kebersihan di taman belum maksimal.
Analisis Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Dalam Kurikulum Merdeka di Kelas IV SD Negeri 42 Pekanbaru
Authors: Marisa Maya , Ramadan Zaka Hadikusuma
Published: September 2024

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Tinjauan Yuridis Pertanggung Jawaban Pelaku Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Anak di Bawah Umur (Studi Putus Nomor 338/ PID.SUS/2022/PN Kla)
Authors: Ramadan Fajar , Prasetyawati S Endang , Ramadhan Suta
Published: September 2024

Indonesia merupakan negara hukum yang sangat menjujung tinggi terhadap peraturan-peraturan hukum dalam penegakan hukum yang bersifat memaksa.Kasus tindak pidana persetubuhan anak di bawah umur telah menjadi perhatian dalam sistem peradilan pidana Indonesia. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah bagaimana hakim mempertimbangkan kasus persetubuhan anak di bawah umur, sebagaimana dicerminkan dalam putusan Nomor 338/PID.SUS/2022/PN KLA. Dalam konteks penelitian ini, permasalahan pokok adalah bagaimana hakim mengkaji bukti-bukti dan aspek hukum yang terkait dengan kasus persetubuhan anak dibawah umur.  Berdasarkan uraian masalah yang telah di jelaskan maka yang terjadi permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor penyebab pelaku tindak pidana perkara persetubuhan anak di bawah umur Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 338/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Kla? dan Bagaimana tinjauan yuridis terhadap pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam memutuskan perkara tindak tentang pertanggung jawaban pelaku perkara persetubuhan anak dibawah umur Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Nomor 338/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Kla?. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif dan Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah di jelaskan maka hasil peneltian adalah Pertimbangan putusan tersebut mempunyai pertimbangan yang bersifat yuridis Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Kasus Persetubuhan Anak Di Bawah Umur berdasarkan putusan Nomor 338/PID.SUS/2022/PN Kla. Pertimbangan Pengadilan Negeri Kalianda yang didasari terhadap aturan-aturan formal yang telah dirumuskan dalam peraturan perundang-undangan dapat disebut dengan pertimbangan yuridis. Pendekatan empiris. Sumber data yang digunakan data primer dan sekunder.
Perbedaan Kinerja Pegawai Berdasarkan Gender pada Dinas Sosial Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Peratiwi Sonia Juwita , Wilson Wilson , Fitrilinda Dafetta
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Perbedaan Kinerja Pegawai Berdasarkan Gender Pada Dinas Sosial Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan kinerja pegawai berdasarkan gender. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif untuk membuat gambaran atau deskripsi secara sistematis, faktual dan akurat mengenai fenomena yang ada. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan sekunder. Penelitian tersebut menggunakan kuesioner. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji Independent sample T-test. Sampel yang di gunakan sebanyak 68 pegawai. Hasil analisis uji beda independent sample t-test menunjukan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan kinerja pegawai berdasarkan gender pada Dinas Sosial Kota Pekanbaru.
Dampak Putusan Hakim Tunggal Praperadilan Terhadap Hak Seseorang yang Ditangkap Tidak Menyerahkan Surat Pemberitahuan Penangkapan Keluarganya (Studi Putusan Nomor 1/PID.PRA/2022/PN GNS)
Authors: Seregig I Ketut , Ramadhan Suta , Choirunnisa Cintya Anindita
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dampak putusan hakim tunggal praperadilan terhadap hak seseorang yang ditangkap tidak menyerahkan surat pemberitahuan penangkapan keluarganya. Didalam melakukan penelitian penulis menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif. , termohon I menetapkan para pemohon sebagai tersangka tindak pidana pembunuhan yang disertai pencurian dengan Pemberatan  sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 363 KUHP ayat (1) ke 4 dan Ke 5 KUHP, kemudian termohon I menahan para pemohon. Setelah dilakukan penyidikan oleh termohon I, melanjutkan proses peradilan pidana dengan menyerahkan berkas perkara berserta Para pemohon selaku Tersangka kepada termohon II, dan pada akhirnya termohon II melaksanakan penuntutan terhadap para pemohon serta melakukan penahanan terhadap para pemohon dan Akhirnya para pemohon dijadikan terdakwa Dalam persidangan di Pengadilan Negeri Gunung Sugih. Setelah diperiksa dan diputus oleh Pengadilan Negeri Gunung Ssugih sebagaimana dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Gunung Sugih  No.178/Pid.B/2021/PN.Gns tertanggal 19 Juli  2021, diucapkan dalam sidang terbuka,  yang pada pokoknya menyatakan bahwa PARA PEMOHON : tidak terbukti secara syah dan meyakinkan bersalah melakukan tindak pidana sebagaimana dalam dakwaan termohon II. Berdasarkan putusan tersebut di atas, telah nyata nyata membuktikan bahwa para termohon telah melakukan kekeliruan mengenai orangnya atau kekeliruan penerapan hukum dalam perkara tindak pidana  pencurian dengan Pemberatan yang dituduhkan kepada para pemohon, dimana akibat kekeliruan penerapan hukum yang dilakukan para termohon telah menyebabkan para pemohon berada dalam penjara dan kerugian materil. akibat kekeliruan penerapan hukum yang dilakukan para termohon telah menyebabkan para pemohon berada dalam penjara selama ± 120 ( Seratus Dua Puluh ) hari. Oleh karenanya sebagaimana ketentuan Pasal 1 angka 22 KUHAP dan berdasarkan Pasal 95 ayat (1) KUHAP, maka  para pemohon “berhak” menuntut ganti rugi berupa imbalan sejumlah uang. Adapun besaran imbalan ganti rugi tersebut diatur dalam Pasal 9 ayat (1) Peraturan Pemerintah No. 92 Tahun 2015 Tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Peraturan Pemerintah No. 27 Tahun 1983 Tentang Pelaksanaan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Acara Pidana mengatur sebagai berikut Besarnya ganti kerugian berdasarkan alasan sebagaimanadimaksud dalam Pasal 77 huruf b dan Pasal 95 KUHAP. Bahwa akibat berada dalam penjara selama 120 (Seratus du puluh hari) para pemohon dan keluarganya telah kehilangan hak haknya,  tidak terbatas pada hilangnya kemerdekaan dan hilangnya kesempatan Para Pemohon bekerja untuk mendapatkan penghasilan, sehingga sangat berdasar apabila PARA PEMOHON menuntut ganti kerugian dari Negara
Tindak Tutur Guru dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMAN 4 Pasuruan
Authors: Rokhimah Siti , Mardiningsih Mardiningsih , Rosidah Ilmiyatur
Published: September 2024

This study aims to describe the form of perlocutionary speech acts used by teachers in Indonesian language learning at SMAN 4 Pasuruan. Speech acts used by teachers in learning activities have been widely analyzed by previous researchers, but have not been found specifically discussing perlocutionary speech acts. This perlocutionary speech act is difficult to identify, because it must be accompanied by the context so that it causes influence by the interlocutor. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subject of the research is Indonesian language teachers, while the object of research is Indonesian language learning activities. The instruments in this study consisted of primary instruments, namely the researcher himself, and secondary instruments, namely data collection tables. The data of this research is the teacher's speech when conducting learning activities in class XI. The data source was obtained from the observation at the school located at SMAN 4 Pasuruan. This data collection technique uses observation, recording, interview, documentation, and recording the results of the recording in the form of data transcripts. The data analysis technique uses stages such as data reduction, data presentation, data interpretation, conclusion drawing and verification. The result of this research is the form of perlocutionary speech acts using Leech's theory. The forms of perlocutionary speech acts found include indicators of giving the interlocutor know that, persuade, encourage, annoy, frighten, please, make the interlocutor do something, inspire, impress, divert attention, make the interlocutor think about, relieve, embarrass, attract attention, and tedious. However, no data was found on the indicators of deceiving and inspiring. The form of perlocutionary speech act that is most commonly found in this study is in the indicator of encouraging and making the interlocutor do something.
Pengaruh Green Accounting dan Struktur Modal Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Industrial yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 2018-2022)
Authors: Sari Dinda Permata , Damayanti Riska
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh green accounting dan struktur modal terhadap nilai perusahaan. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan laporan tahunan perusahaan yang terdaftar pada sektor Industrial di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama rentang waktu 2018 hingga 2022. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 90 sampel perusahaan Industrial yang diperoleh menggunakan teknik pemilihan sampel Purposive sampling dengan menggunakan kriteria-kriteria yang telah di tetapkan. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder berupa laporan tahunan perusahaan terbuka yang di publish pada laman Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dan web resmi perusahaan. penelitian ini menggunakan 2 variabel bebas yaitu green accounting (X1) dan struktur modal (X2) dengan variabel terikat yaitu nilai perusahaan (Y). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi data panel sebagai metodologi penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak E-Views 12 Student Version Lite. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa green accounting dan struktur modal berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap nilai perusahaan.Green accounting secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, struktur modal secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Pertanggungjawaban Tindak Pidana Kelalaian yang Mengakibatkan Orang Lain Meninggal Dunia (Studi Putusan Nomor 989/Pid.Sus/2022/PN TJK)
Authors: Syahputra Muhammad Faisal , Jainah Zainab Ompu
Published: September 2024

Kelalaian (culpa) terletak antara sengaja dan kebetulan, bagaimanapun juga culpa dipandang lebih ringan dibanding dengan sengaja, oleh karena itu delik culpa, culpa itu merupakan delik semu (quasideliet) sehingga diadakan pengurangan pidana. Delik culpa mengandung dua macam, yaitu delik kelalaian yang menimbulkan akibat dan yang tidak menimbulkan akibat, tapi yang diancam dengan pidana ialah perbuatan ketidak hati-hatian itu sendiri.  Pelanggaran lalu lintas tidak dapat dibiarkan begitu saja karena berdasarkan data yang ada sebagian besar terjadi nya kecelakaan lalu lintas di sebabkan karena faktor manusia pengguna jalan yang tidak patuh terhadap peraturan lalu lintas namun masih banyak ditemukan adanya penyebab diluar faktor manusia seperti ban pecah, rem blong, jalan berlubang dan lain-lain. Demekian juga masalah kemacetan lalu lintas, bahwa data harus menunjukkan dalam terjadi kemacetan itu karena adanya mengakibatkan oleh pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh pemakai atau pengguna jalan. Namun ada factor lain yang menjadi penyebab kemacetan selain pelanggaran lalu lintas seperti volume kendaraan yang tinggi melalui ruas jalan tertentu, kondisi jalan, infrastruktur jalan yang kurang memadai dan lain-lain. Salah satu perkara tindak pidana lalu lintas karena kelalaian (delik culpa) mengakibatkan orang lain meninggal dunia adalah Putusan Nomor: 989/Pid.Sus/2022/PN TJK, dengan terdakwa bernama Reza Wijaya Bin M. Rozali yang terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan melakukan tindak pidana “Karena Kelalaiannya mengakibatkan kecelakaan lalu lintas dan mengakibatkan orang lain meninggal dunia “ sebagaimana diatur dan diancam pidana dalam Pasal 310 ayat (4) Undang-Undang RI Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 Tentang Lalulintas Angkutan Jalan dalam surat dakwaan. Oleh karena itu majelis Hakim menjatuhkan pidana terhadap terdakwa Reza Wijaya Bin M. Rozali oleh karena itu dengan pidana penjara selama 10 (sepuluh) bulan.
Cross-Site Script Inclusion: um estudo das estratégias de mitigação e atual prevalência da vulnerabilidade em navegadores
Authors: Miranda Henrique Curi de , Arcoverde Henrique , Oliveira Renan Villela , Correia Luiz H. A.
Published: September 2024

A Cross-Site Script Inclusion ou XSSi é uma vulnerabilidade pouco conhecida e que abusa da anexação de cookies em requisições de origem cruzada. Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação do comportamento do atributo SameSite dos cookies, em versões recentes de diferentes navegadores, e do seu impacto na exploração da Cross-Site Script Inclusion. Experimentos foram realizados verificando a ocorrência da anexação de cookies em requisições cruzadas para diversos navegadores. A principal estratégia proposta para mitigação da vulnerabilidade XSSi é a correta configuração da SameSite pelo desenvolvedor da aplicação. Resultados mostram que essa estratégia para combate da Cross-Site Script Inclusion é eficiente por apresentar menos pontos de falha. Em adição, foi concluído que não existe um padrão de implementação da política de mesma origem e da SameSite por parte dos atuais navegadores, havendo divergência de comportamento quanto a anexação de cookies em requisições de origem cruzada.
Kill Chain Catalyst for Autonomous Red Team Operations in Dynamic Attack Scenarios
Authors: Horta Antonio , Santos Anderson dos , Goldshmidt Ronaldo
Published: September 2024

From the perspective of real-world cyber attacks, executing actions with minimal failures and steps is crucial to reducing the likelihood of exposure. Although research on autonomous cyber attacks predominantly employs Reinforcement Learning (RL), this approach has gaps in scenarios such as limited training data and low resilience in dynamic environments. Therefore, the Kill Chain Catalyst (KCC) has been introduced: an RL algorithm that employs decision tree logic, inspired by genetic alignment, prioritizing resilience in dynamic scenarios and limited experiences. Experiments reveal significant improvements in reducing steps and failures, as well as increased rewards when using KCC compared to other RL algorithms.
Gerenciamento de Conexões usando Firewall Automatizado a partir de Dados de Inteligência sobre Ameaças
Authors: Costa Marcus A. S. , Costa Yago M. da , Silva Douglas A. , Portela Ariel L. , Gomes Rafael L.
Published: September 2024

Em um contexto de ameaças cibernéticas em constante evolução, a necessidade de soluções de segurança dinâmicas e adaptativas é imperativa, onde a abordagem de Inteligência sobre Ameaças Cibernéticas visa coletar, analisar e interpretar informações relevantes sobre ameaças digitais. Dentro deste contexto, este artigo apresenta uma solução de segurança chamada FIBRA (Firewall Integrado com Blacklists e Reputação Automatizado), projetada para gerenciar conexões em infraestruturas de rede a partir de Dados de Inteligência sobre Ameaças. O FIBRA visa combater autonomamente as ameaças através de atualizações em tempo real das blacklists e técnicas de filtragem, enquanto alcança uma escalabilidade adequada e fornece uma visão abrangente do tráfego de rede e ameaças identificadas. Experimentos realizados a partir de uma infraestrutura de nuvem real indicam a eficácia do FIBRA na identificação e mitigação de conexões suspeitas, contribuindo significativamente para a segurança de redes em ambientes complexos e dinâmicos.
Modelos Interpretáveis com Inteligência Artificial Explicável (XAI) na Detecção de Intrusões em Redes Intra-Veiculares Controller Area Network (CAN)
Authors: Dresch Felipe N. , Scherer Felipe H. , Quincozes Silvio E. , Kreutz Diego
Published: September 2024

Redes intra-veiculares que utilizam o protocolo Controller Area Network (CAN) são vulneráveis a ataques como fuzzing, fabricação, DoS, spoofing, replay, injeção de mensagens e injeção de falhas. Estudos existentes tipicamente abordam esse problema por meio de Sistemas de Detecção de Intrusões (IDSs). Contudo, esses IDSs frequentemente carecem de explicabilidade, o que compromete sua confiabilidade e interpretabilidade, especialmente em redes CAN, onde os padrões de comunicação são variados. Este estudo investiga a explicabilidade dos IDSs em redes CAN, utilizando o conjunto de dados X-CANIDS, que contém dados reais de veículos. A biblioteca SHAP foi empregada para fornecer explicabilidade ao modelo, revelando as relações entre mensagens CAN e o comportamento dos atacantes, contribuindo para uma melhor interpretação das decisões do IDS.
k-DynMix: Um Mecanismo de Proteção Dinâmica de Privacidade em Mix-Zones
Authors: Mattos Ekler Paulino de , Domingues Augusto C. S. A. , Silva Fabrício A. , R. Filho Heitor S. , Loureiro Antonio A. F.
Published: September 2024

Mix-zones é mecanismo proteção de privacidade baseado de anonimização usados em diversos contextos contra ataques de rastreamento. No entanto, as mix-zones dependem de fatores que afetam o seu desempenho, e.g., a definição de níveis de privacidade justos. Este trabalho propõe o k-DynMix, um esquema de mix-zone dinâmica que ajusta o nível de privacidade ao longo do tempo em modo online e complexidade linear, de acordo com fluxo de veículos, para alcançar maior anonimização. Nos experimentos, analisamos conjuntos de dados reais e sintéticos comparando o k-DynMix com dois mecanismos de predição para estimar a privacidade ao longo do tempo e com mix-zones clássicas usando métricas de cobertura e Anonymization Quality de mix-zones. Os resultados mostraram que o k-DynMix superou os mecanismos de predição em prever privacidade. Além de maximizar a privacidade, ele obteve um desempenho semelhante ao melhor resultado das mix-zones clássicas.
Federated Learning under Attack: Improving Gradient Inversion for Batch of Images
Authors: Leite Luiz , Santo Yuri , Dalmazo Bruno L. , Riker André
Published: September 2024

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a machine learning approach able to preserve the privacy of user’s data. Applying FL, clients train machine learning models on a local dataset and a central server aggregates the learned parameters coming from the clients, training a global machine learning model without sharing user’s data. However, the state-of-the-art shows several approaches to promote attacks on FL systems. For instance, inverting or leaking gradient attacks can find, with high precision, the local dataset used during the training phase of the FL. This paper presents an approach, called Deep Leakage from Gradients with Feedback Blending (DLG-FB), which is able to improve the inverting gradient attack, considering the spatial correlation that typically exists in batches of images. The performed evaluation shows an improvement of 19.18% and 48,82% in terms of attack success rate and the number of iterations per attacked image, respectively.
Identificação de Endereços IP Dinâmicos com Dados Públicos
Authors: Cardoso Gabriel Pains de Oliveira , Oliveira Leonardo B. , Cunha Ítalo
Published: September 2024

Introduzimos o DynMap, um sistema para identificar endereços IPs alocados dinamicamente. O DynMap rastreia dispositivos utilizando assinaturas de certificados HTTPS, disponíveis publicamente, tornando-o geral e utilizável por qualquer operador. Nós avançamos o estado da arte desenvolvendo mecanismos para lidar com certificados HTTPS compartilhados por diversos dispositivos, proxies e balanceadores de carga. Nós aplicamos o DynMap num conjunto de dados e mostramos que o DynMap identifica IPs claramente dinâmicos.
SIM-Ciber: Uma Solução Baseada em Simulações Probabilísticas para Quantificação de Riscos e Impactos de Ciberataques Utilizando Relatórios Estatísticos
Authors: Nunes João , Franco Muriel , Scheid Eder , Kozenieski Geancarlo , Lindemann Henrique , Soares Laura , Nobre Jéferson , Granville Lisandro
Published: September 2024

A evolução das tecnologias e a crescente dependência em dispositivos digitais aumentam os riscos cibernéticos e os ciberataques, tornando essencial para a compreensão dos riscos e de seus potenciais impactos a partir de uma perspectiva técnica e econômica. Neste contexto, este artigo propõe o SIM-Ciber, uma solução para simulação de riscos e impactos técnicos e financeiros em empresas. O SIM-Ciber se baseia em relatórios e estatísticas de cibersegurança de empresas reputadas (e.g., consultorias e provedores de serviços) e aplica técnicas de simulação (e.g., Monte Carlo e Teorema de Bayes) para compreender os riscos e impactos de ciberataques em empresas de diferentes tamanhos, regiões e setores. A viabilidade do SIM-Ciber é demonstrada para ataques de Malware, Phishing e DDoS em diferentes setores da indústria, mostrando alta precisão para determinar impactos financeiros com base em estatísticas reais.
ECO-SA: Estratégia de Contenção Otimizada da Propagação em Câmaras de Eco utilizando Simulated Annealing
Authors: Oliveira Nicollas R. de , Medeiros Dianne S. V. de , Mattos Diogo M. F.
Published: September 2024

O fenômeno social das câmaras de eco (echo chamber) é uma grave ameaça à cibersegurança em redes sociais, já que fomentam ambientes propícios ao discurso de ódio e à propagação de notícias falsas. Os membros de uma câmara de eco tendem a ignorar tentativas de refutar as ideias unilaterais constantemente difundidas em seu interior. Este artigo propõe uma estratégia de contenção otimizada da propagação de informação em câmaras de eco baseada no Simulated Annealing (ECO-SA). A proposta identifica nós críticos em grafos, que, quando bloqueados, reduzem significativamente a difusão de informações. Simulações em 15 amostras de câmaras de eco, aplicadas a um modelo de difusão de informação sob diferentes cenários, que o bloqueio dos nós estratégicos identificados pela ECO-SA reduziu a disseminação a somente 45% dos nós na rede, enquanto que o método concorrente restringe a disseminação a no mínimo 65% dos nós.
Geração de dados sintéticos tabulares para detecção de malware Android: um estudo de caso
Authors: Nogueira Angelo Gaspar Diniz , Paim Kayua Oleques , Bragança Hendrio , Mansilha Rodrigo , Kreutz Diego
Published: September 2024

Apresentamos um estudo sobre o uso de cGANs para expandir datasets de malware Android. Após uma exploração emṕırica de hiperparâmetros, aplicamos nossa cGAN para expandir quatro datasets e avaliamos os resultados considerando métricas de fidelidade estat́ıstica e a utilidade para algoritmos de ML na classificação de aplicativos Android. Os resultados confirmam a importância do ajuste adequado de hiperparâmetros, bem como a capacidade das cGANs de sintetizar datasets fiéis e úteis.
Autonomous Network Intrusion Detection for Resource-Constrained Devices of the Internet of Things
Authors: Cavalcante Jefferson , Barros Tiago G. F. , Souza Jose N. de
Published: September 2024

With the Internet of Things (IoT), cars, home assistants, cameras and other devices may be part of an ubiquitous network with access to personal information in real-time, able to interact with the environment and even influence people. For this reason, empowering such devices with network intrusion detection algorithms might be vital for the development of a more secure and trustworthy Internet of Things. In this work we study the performance and accuracy of machine learning models trained for this task, and analyzed the impact of their deployment in a microcontroller-based System-on-Chip used by IoT devices, along with the impact of TinyML-based optimizations, such as vectorization and quantization. From our experiments, Decision Trees presented very low inference time of 5 microseconds on average, and higher accuracy of 99.9% when compared to Logistic Regression and Neural Networks, being a viable solution for real-time, accurate and autonomous Network Intrusion Detection system for IoT devices.
Requirements for a Hybrid TPM Based on Optimized ML-DSA Post-Quantum Signature
Authors: Rampazzo Felipe José Aguiar , Meneses Rodrigo de , Teixeira Caio , Henriques Marco A. Amaral
Published: September 2024

A Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is used to ensure trust between connected devices by storing device integrity measurements. Both TPM and traditional security systems rely on asymmetric cryptography, which can be vulnerable to quantum computers. This work aims to find the requirements for a TPM secured by traditional and post-quantum algorithms, considering the transition through a hybrid model that remains secure even if the post-quantum algorithm breaks. Then, it analyzes the impact of this hybrid model in a TPM using a hybrid TPM emulated in software.
Free Space Optics
Authors: Abdullatif Mazen
Published: September 2024

When we design an optical system, we need to consider that the transmitting power is appropriate to reach the receiving end, if this power is less than required, it will be difficult to separate the data from the noise, which in turn, will causes errors. In this chapter, a new method is presented to improve the received power in wireless optical communications by introducing an adaptive power method that adjusts the amplifier’s power according to weather conditions. The simulation was done using OptiSystem programming environment and MATLAB environment. Results have shown improvement in the received power, bit error rate, quality factor, and eye diagram, in which the quality factor was improved by a rate ranging from 3.6 to 44.45% in different weather conditions.
Gastric Cancer: Diet and Helicobacter pylori as Major Modifiable Risk Factors
Authors: Bello Kumo Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Gastric cancer is ranked as the sixth cancer worldwide and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. There exists marked geographic variation in the incidence of gastric cancer the world over, with the highest rates reported in Japan, Korea, and Eastern Europe. The gastric cancer highest incidence regions of the world are Eastern Asia, Europe, Central and South America, while North America, Australia, and Africa are considered low incidence areas. Sex differences exist in gastric cancer incidence, which is almost two-fold higher in males than females. There is a declining incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in most parts of the world which is attributed to improved food preservation and storage associated with the advent of the refrigerator, improved economic development, and screening for early detection of gastric cancer, particularly in high incidence areas. The etiology of gastric cancer is multifactorial—The two major factors implicated in the development of gastric cancer are: genetic (non-modifiable) and environmental (modifiable) risk factors such as Helicobacter pylori, high intake of salt, red meat, and smoked fish/meat, which lead to increased incidence of gastric cancer, while increased consumption of leafy vegetables and fruits are generally protective.
Exploring the Rheological Properties of Viscoelastic Materials
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Jahan Noor
Published: September 2024

Between two of the extremes i.e., ideally viscous and ideally solid behaviors of the materials, there is a window depicting dynamic interplay between the viscous and elastic properties of the materials classified as viscoelastic behavior. Consideration of this blended behavior is crucial in many scientific, commercial, and biological applications. In this chapter, we will try to unveil the complexities of these materials by first understanding the basics of the viscoelasticity, discussing the relevance of various parameters such as Deborah number, Storage modulus, loss modulus etc., and various equations developed to model the viscoelastic response of such materials. A brief overview of the measurement procedures, various techniques employed to understand the realm of viscoelastic materials will also be under great focus. At last, the practical applications bridging the theoretical perceptions with the real world will also be elaborated in this chapter.
Modeling, Analysis, and Numerical Solution of a Viscoelastic Contact Problem with Normal Compliance in the Context of Locking Materials
Authors: Bouallala Mustapha
Published: September 2024

This article delves into investigating a novel contact problem involving viscoelastic materials that exhibit ideal locking behavior when in contact with a rigid foundation, exploring their unique characteristics and implications. The contact is represented using the Signorini condition, while the friction is characterized by the nonlocal Coulomb’s law. We introduce the mathematical model for the viscoelastic process, derive its variational formulation, and establish the existence and uniqueness of the solution. We introduce fully discrete finite element schemes for the variational problem and derive error estimates for the approximate solution. In conclusion, we provide an example of a viscoelastic material exhibiting blocking behavior.
Quantitative methods for user-centered sarcopenia identification and management
Authors: Yuen Man Cheng Clio , Lou Vivian W.Q. , Ma Xin , Chen Jiaming , Xi Ning
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to develop a faster and simpler user-centered approach for sarcopenia identification and management using a novel balance sensor system and wearable robots. The study design was a cross-sectional study. The research was conducted based on a community-based study in Hong Kong. A total of 144 community-dwelling older adults were included. Sarcopenia was defined according to the guidelines published by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was calculated using the Lee equation. Among the 46 features extracted from the balance sensor system, 15 displayed a sensitivity >0.8 through a machine-learning approach. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of the logistic model in discriminating sarcopenia was 0.68. This study demonstrated that a novel balance sensor system proved useful in sarcopenia identification in older adults. Furthermore, the balance sensor data were valuable in informing the development of wearable robots for sarcopenia management.
Enhancing Production, Nutritional Qualities and Utilization of Fibrous Crop Residues in Smallholder Crop-Livestock Systems: Potential Intervention Options and Progress toward Sustainable Livestock Production
Authors: Dejene Mesfin , Kehaliew Aemiro , Feyissa Fekede , Kebede Gezahegn , Kitaw Getu , Terefe Geberemariyam , Walelegne Mulugeta , Mekonnen Bethlehem , Biratu Kasa , Geleti Diriba
Published: September 2024

Large quantities of cereals and grain legume crop residues (CRs) such as straw, stover and haulms are produced every year. They are used as a major and cheap source of livestock feed in developing countries especially during the dry season. However, the overall contribution of CRs as feed for ruminants is much less than the potential estimates because of several factors. In crop-livestock systems, most estimate of cereal CRs production and quality traits available in literature are based on the whole residue and do not represent farmer’s practices/context related to the various uses of residue fractions. In addition, there has been a strong focus on post-harvest interventions, but little adoption has been observed, with less emphasis on pre-harvest interventions and residue handling, storage and utilization. This book chapter aims to review the determinant factors and the reasons for low adoption and explores potential intervention options for improving whole-farm productivity and sustainability as a ‘win-win’ solution. Overall, understanding the local/on-farm socio-economic factors and practices/methods is crucial to estimate the production and quality of CRs/CR fractions actually available as feed for ruminants, and to select and promote the possible intervention options that are more practical for wide adoption by the smallholder farmers.
Statistical Analysis of Seismic and Tsunami Waves Generated by the 2022 Tonga Volcano’s Eruption
Authors: Chernogor Leonid , Luo Yiyang
Published: September 2024

On January 15, 2022, a catastrophic explosive eruption occurred at the Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Ha’apai (HTHH) volcano in the Kingdom of Tonga, marking a significant geological event. The eruption, located at 20°54′S, 175°38′W, involved 3–5 powerful explosions, with the most severe at 04:15 UTC, and was accompanied by an earthquake of magnitude Ms ≈ 5.8. The eruption’s source energy was estimated between 6.5 to 23 TJ and 19 to 69 TJ, while the energy of the associated air waves ranged from 16.7 to 75.3 TJ and 2 ± 0.8 PJ. Classified as a supervolcano, the total energy release was approximately 17.6 ± 2.7 Mt TNT or 73.6 ± 11.3 TJ, with an eruption heat energy of about 3.9 × 1018 J or 932 Mt TNT. This eruption caused extensive damage to multiple Earth subsystems, including the lithosphere, ocean, atmosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere. This paper examines the statistical characteristics of seismic and tsunami waves resulting from the 2022 HTHH eruption, focusing on Rayleigh waves, slow seismic waves potentially related to Lamb waves, underwater long waves, and tsunami waves.
Aerobic Exercise Improved Diacylglycerol/Protein Kinase C and Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Biphosphate Pathway in Cardiac Tissue of Obese Rats
Authors: Jamalpour Dezki Masoomeh , Shariati Marina
Published: September 2024

Background: Obesity, characterized by abnormal accumulation or excess lipids, is a major cause of increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Objectives: The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the expression of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG), Protein kinase C (PKC), and Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PIP2) genes in experimental rat models of diet-induced obesity. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: (1) control, (2) obesity, (3) exercise, and (4) obesity + exercise. At the end of the experiment, cardiac hypertrophy markers and real-time PCR were used to evaluate and compare the gene expression levels of DAG, PKC, and PIP2 in cardiac tissue across all groups. Results: A high-fat diet containing fructose significantly increased the gene expression levels of DAG, PKC, and PIP2 in the cardiac tissue of obese rats compared to the control group. However, 6 weeks of aerobic exercise led to a significant decrease in DAG and PKC gene expression compared to the obese rats. Although there was no significant change in PIP2 gene expression in the obesity + exercise group compared to obese rats. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it appears that aerobic exercise can modulate the expression of DAG and PKC genes, which play a critical role in cardiac remodeling.
Molecular Mechanisms of HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cell Death Induced by Artemisia annua Methanolic Extract
Authors: Kadkhoda Parisa , Rezaei Farimani Azam , Chamani Elham , Hashemi Seyyed Mohammad
Published: September 2024

Background: Although chemotherapy and targeted therapies have improved survival outcomes, there is growing interest in incorporating herbal medicines, such as Artemisia annua, into cancer treatment. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of A. annua methanolic extract on HT-29 colorectal cancer cells, particularly focusing on cell viability and the modulation of p53 and BAX/Bcl2 ratio expression. Methods: The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of A. annua methanolic extract in HT-29 cells was determined via the MTT viability assay, while apoptosis was assessed using the propidium iodide (PI) staining method. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was performed to evaluate gene expression in the HT-29 cell line. Values are presented as the average of three separate determinations and expressed as mean ± SD. Results: The results showed that the viability of HT-29 cells significantly decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner (IC50 for 48 h: 1358.1 μg.mL-1). Propidium iodide staining results confirmed the findings of the MTT assay. Gene expression analysis revealed a decrease in p53 expression and a two-fold increase in the BAX/Bcl2 ratio following exposure to 1000 μg.mL-1 of A. annua extract. Conclusions: The findings from the MTT and PI assays confirm the cytotoxic effects of A. annua extract on HT-29 cells. However, the gene expression analysis of BAX, Bcl2, and p53 suggests that the observed cell death is not primarily due to apoptosis.
Local Brand Adaptation Strategy: "Tiger Hood" In Bukittinggi
Authors: Fadila Sindy , Suharti  , Yetty Oktayanty
Published: September 2024

This research discusses "Local Brand” Adaptation Strategy: Tiger Hood in Bukittinggi. The purpose of this study is to describe the obstacles faced by the local brand Tiger Hood and how the adaptation strategy of the local brand Tiger Hood in Bukittingg. The theory used in this study is Tallcot Parson's theory of structural functionalism. The method used is a qualitative method with observation, interview, and documentation data collection techniques. The findings in this study explain that the local brand Tiger Hood has several obstacles in facing competition between fellow local brands in Bukittinggi such as fierce competition, changes in consumer preferences and consumer misperception. The adaptation strategies carried out by the local brand Tiger Hood such as promotions on social media, promos and discounts, improving product quality and improving customer service.
Lifestyle Changes in the Anak Dalam Tribe Community in Tanah Tinggi Subdistrict, Bungo Regency, Jambi Province
Authors: Yulinda Meli , Suharti  , Yurisman
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to describe the reasons behind lifestyle changes in the Anak Dalam Tribe community in Tanah Grow District, Bungo Regency, Jambi Province. Describe the forms of lifestyle change in the Anak Dalam Tribe community in Tanah Grow District, Bungo Regency, Jambi Province. The research method used is qualitative research. Data was collected through field observations, interviews and documentation. The theory used is the Theory of Social Change according to JL Gillin and JP Gillin (in Soekanto and Budi Sulistyowati, 2015: 261) and the Lifestyle Theory according to Wibowo and Riyadi (in Minarti, 2020: 12). The results of this research show that the background to lifestyle changes in the Anak Dalam Tribe community consists of external factors, namely the natural environment, government and reference groups, as well as internal factors, namely mindset, self-awareness and religion. The form of lifestyle change in the Anak Dalam Tribe community includes four aspects such as clothing, changing clothing from traditional to modern clothing. Residence, change of residence from the forest to a special house. Religion, change of belief from animism to Islam. Education, changes in education from those who did not know formal education to now they have had formal education and know writing.
The Function of Language as an Adaptation Strategy for Javanese Transmigrants in Simpang Nangka Village, Selupu Rejang District, Bengkulu Province
Authors: Rusdi Muhammad Usaid Ghifari , Kahanna Mutia , Oktayanty Yetty
Published: September 2024

This research is entitled "The Function of Language as an Adaptation Strategy forTransmigrants Java in Simpang Nangka Village, Selupu Rejang District, BengkuluProvince". This research aims to describe the adaptation process of Javanesetransmigrants in Indonesia Simpang Nangka Village and the function of language as anadaptation strategy for transmigrants Java. The theory used in this research is Bronislaw'sfunctionalism theory Malinowski The method used is a qualitative method, withtechniques collecting observation data, interviews and documentation.The results of this research explain that language functions as a strategyadaptation of Javanese transmigrants in Simpang Nangka Village. First of all bring it tohistory of transmigration to Simpang Nangka in 1964 through spontaneoustransmigration. From transmigration activities, the population in Simpang Nangka isdominated by two ethnicities namely the Javanese and the Rejang. While living inSimpang Nangka as a migrant The transmigrant population goes through severalprocesses to adapt there. As for Some of these processes are: Learning the Rejanglanguage, adaptation through agriculture,adaptation to social organizations, adaptationthrough kinship systems and so on.This research also explains the function of languageon related biological psychology human behavior and needs, then the function oflanguage in the economy, namely make it easier in the negotiation process and then thefunction of language in related politics voice through campaigns.
Harnessing the Power of Social Media, Pricing Strategies, Brand Image, and Product Quality in Purchase Decisions
Authors: Fitriana Annisha , Komala Lenda
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether ASUS brand purchasing decisions are influenced by social media, pricing, brand perception, and product quality laptops. The population of this research is YARSI University students who buy or use ASUS brand laptops. The sampling technique uses a non-probability method, using a purposive sample approach by sending out surveys. Multiple regression analysis, the partial t-test, and the simultaneous f-test are the data analysis techniques that are employed. The study's findings indicate that (1) social media influence has a negligible and unfavorable impact on consumers' decisions to buy. Price has a negligible and unfavorable influence on decisions made about purchases. (3) Buying decisions are positively and significantly impacted by brand image. (4) Buying decisions are positively and significantly impacted by product quality. (5) Every independent variable simultaneously has a big impact on buying decisions. The research's managerial implications show that businesses must focus on integrated marketing strategies on social media to increase interaction and engagement with consumers. Competitive and transparent price management can increase product attractiveness, while a positive brand image needs to be built through consistent and innovative communication.
Effectiveness of Laboratory Tests in Tracking Severely COVID-19 Infections
Authors: Yayla Erdoğan , Korkmaz Şeniz , Özmen Samican
Published: September 2024

Aim: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus that causes COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), and poses serious difficulties in terms of healthcare systems and global public health. With the large number of publications on COVID-19, clinicians need a synthesis of evidence to provide guidance when dealing with patients with COVID-19. Emerging studies reveal the existence of numerous demographic, clinical, immunological, biochemical and radiographic data that may be useful for clinicians to predict the severity and mortality of COVID-19. The aim of this study; to determine laboratory parameters that can predict the course and severity of COVID-19 disease in patients, independently of the clinic status of selected patients and based on laboratory findings.
Methods: This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at Karacabey State Hospital between January and April 2022. Among the patients who applied to the COVID-19 outpatient clinic, 469 patients (261 females, 208 males) over the age of 18 and positive for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR were included in the study. The patients were divided into groups as outpatients, inpatients and patients in need of intensive care (intensive care unit, ICU). Demographic data (age, gender), COVID-19 RT-PCR results, and simultaneous laboratory parameters of the patients were scanned retrospectively.
Results: When CRP, urea, ferritin, LEU, NEU, MONO, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, NLR, PLR, CRP-NR, and SII index values were taken into consideration, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups. Creatinine, ALT, AST, LDH, troponin I, mass CK-MB, D dimer, LYM, EOS, PLT, ELR, and PNR values were not significantly different between the groups.
Conclusion: Advantages of this study; Comparing the changes in the patient’s other laboratory findings based on a single positive PCR test result and finding meaningful rates in terms of serious covid risk. The disadvantage of this study is that it is a study independent of the patient’s clinic and disease stage. In this study, we found that particularly increased SII was associated with more severe disease progression in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 along with laboratory findings. CRP, urea, ferritin, and indexes such as NLR, PLR, CRP-NR, and SII index values can be used to predict the severity of the disease.