bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analogous comparison of registered brand name drugs of tablets and capsules commercially available in Thailand: A retrospective study
Authors: Napaporn Jintana , Buakaew Pitchaporn , Suksakornthanawat Patarawat , Sripa Saksit , Jinatongthai Peerawat , Supapaan Teeraporn
Published: October 2022

Drug name confusion or similar product packaging and labeling, also known as “look-alike, sound-alike” (LASA) medication error, is one of the most problematic causes of prescribing and dispensing errors. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the similarity of registered brand name drugs of tablets and capsules that are commercially available in Thailand to estimate the magnitude of LASA medication errors. Analogous comparisons of brand names using similarity in orthography (written forms with identical letters) were analyzed retrospectively. Tablets and capsules commercially available in Thailand and registered with the Bureau of Drug Administration, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2012 as “dangerous drugs” and “specially controlled drugs” for humans and animals were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages, were used in this study. The analogous comparison of brand name orthography was scrutinized, and the results revealed 1,668 brand names, which were categorized into three genres as follows:

1) Single brand names from a single manufacturer having the same active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with numerous registration numbers (1,049 names, 62.89% of the total similarity results)

2) Single brand names from different manufacturers having the same API and possessing several registration numbers (615 names, 36.87% of the total similarity results)

3) Single brand names from different manufacturers with diverse APIs (four brand names, 0.24% of the total similarity results).

Analogous results revealed that numerous identical brand names could be derived from the same manufacturers, APIs, dosage strengths, or otherwise. The results of this study recommend improvement on product registration to better ensure patient safety in the future.
Exploring Ghanaian nurses knowledge and application of bio-ethical principles in postoperative pain management
Authors: Tia Moses Banoya , Aziato Lydia , Dzansi Gladys
Published: October 2022

Managing postoperative pain require good understanding of the bio-ethical principles in order to preserve patients’ rights. Bio-ethical principles in health care include autonomy, beneficence, justice and nonmaleficence. It is important that health care professionals understand that patients in pain have the right to satisfactory management. Good insight on ethical principles and how they relate to pain management places the nurse on a better pedestal to manage postoperative pain effectively. However, there is scanty literature on the level of Ghanaian nurses’ knowledge and application of bio-ethical principles in postoperative pain management. Therefore, the study objectives were to: explore nurses’ understanding of the bio-ethical principles in postoperative pain management; explore how nurses apply bioethical principles in postoperative pain management. The study employed qualitative exploratory descriptive design. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants from the surgical wards. Semi-structured interview guide was designed for data collection. Data saturation was reached at the fourteenth participant. Thematic analysis method was used and themes emerged inductively. Three main themes identified through inductive content analysis of data were: beneficence, autonomy and justice. Findings showed that nurses had some appreciable level of knowledge of the fundamental principles related to ethics and applied them in postoperative pain management. Nurses knew their duties in advocating for patients. Patients rights to refuse treatment was also appreciated by some nurses. Nurses also demonstrated humanity by helping patients financially to settle hospital debts which explicitly shows the empathetic characteristics of nurses. The study concluded that nurses are knowledgeable in bioethical principles underpinning post operative pain management and also applied these principles when caring for surgical patients.
Degradation Kinetic Study and Mechanistic Interpretation of Hydrolysis of Pidotimod by
LC-MS/MS: A QbD Assisted Stability Indicating Method Development
Authors: Baghel Madhuri , Patil Sangeeta , Sharma Mukesh , Badwaik Hemant R. , Shrivastava Ruchi Khare , Nagori Kushagra , Rajput Sadhana
Published: October 2022

The stability of pidotimod was investigated in this study under ICH-recommended stress degradation
conditions. To explore the degradation kinetics of pidotimod, a QbD assisted stability indicating assay
method was designed and validated according to ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. The impacts of hydrogen
and hydroxide ions were explored, with a focus on the kinetics of pidotimod hydrolytic degradation to
identify the rate laws, which were parameterized using linear regression analysis. The degradation
product (DP2) was formed as a major degradation product of hydrolysis. Four known and one unknown
degradation product were formed under hydrolysis. Degradation of pidotimod in acid and base
degradation follows first-order reaction kinetics while the neutral degradation follows zero-order reaction
kinetics. The observed degradation products of pidotimod under hydrolytic degradation were identified
by LC-MS/MS analysis and a mechanism of hydrolysis is proposed.
Structurally Characterized Non-Heme Fe(IV)Oxo Complexes: A Brief Overview
Authors: Mukherjee Jhumpa , Ray Sriparna
Published: October 2022

Iron(II) centers found in both heme and non-heme enzymes, are the most important metal centre
responsible for effectively activating molecular oxygen. Activation of molecular oxygen is important
for natural systems and many industrially important reactions. Iron(IV)oxo unit is one of the important
intermediates found among the various high valent oxo iron intermediates formed during substrate
oxidation in natural enzymes. In this review article, the different synthetic strategies were focused and
followed to obtain the X-ray structurally characterized model iron(IV)oxo complexes with non-heme
ligands. The ligands were categorized in three different classes and showed how designing a proper
ligand, binding with Fe(II) center and reacting it with a suitable oxidizing agent can finally give rise to
a system similar to natural systems. Stability of these complexes and some preliminary characterization
have also been discussed. The crystallographic characterization of these synthetic models containing
iron(IV)oxo intermediates was necessary to understand the mechanistic pathway they follow to mimic
the difficult oxidation reactions performed by natural enzymes. In this review, not only the synthetic
strategies for these non-heme iron(IV)oxo complexes were highlighted but a detailed structural analysis
for these important intermediates were also discussed.
Biocontrol of Aedes aegypti using Talaromyces islandicus Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: George Jincy A. , Rajalakshmi K.S.Vinanthi , Rajendran Rajesh , Paari Kuppusamy Alagesan
Published: October 2022

Aedes aegypti is the vector that spreads the dengue virus, causing dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic
fever. With more than half the world’s population at the risk of acquiring this infection, controlling the
Aedes mosquitoes is the only path to limit the spread of the fatal disease. The emergence of insect
resistance in mosquitoes raised the need for developing novel insecticides. Present research is focused
on using fungus (Talaromyces islandicus) as the biosystem in the synthesis of nanoparticles.
Myco-synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectrometry that exhibited
a peak at 429 nm. The XRD spectral peaks were in the range of 27.83º, 32.27º, 38.23º and 65.01º. The
FTIR spectrum showed peaks corresponding to O-H, N-O, S=O, etc. representing the silver
nanoparticles. SEM and EDAX represent the formation of silver ions that are spherical in shape with
a size range of 23 to 26 nm. The antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles and the extract of Talaromyces
islandicus were assessed by DPPH assay, reducing power assay and hydrogen peroxide assay. The
nanoparticles studied for its bio efficacy against the larval stages of Aedes aegypti indicated the LC50
value of 352.03, 389.86, 397.72 and 443.50 when tested against first, second, third and fourth instar
larvae. respectively. The LC50 value of 540.41 was determined against the pupae of Aedes. The predatory
efficiency of P. reticulata indicated the positive feeding behaviour of the fish when exposed to the
silver nanoparticles. The cell toxicity assay was conducted against C6/36 insect cell lines and the cell
viability inhibition was calculated. A toxic free, environmentally acceptable approach for controlling
the mosquito vector by utilizing fungal nanoparticles was assessed and their efficacy in vector control
was analyzed in this study.
Extraction and Microemulsion of Lupin Protein
Authors: Al Badareen M. , Kayali I. , Hanania M.
Published: October 2022

In present study, protein and oil were extracted from sweet and bitter lupin that were used to define the
phase behaviour of a three-component system (lupin oil, Tween 80/propylene glycol and water/lupin
protein). Ternary phase diagrams were constructed and the optimum area of ternary phase diagrams
corresponding to the formation of microemulsions were identified using emulsion titration method.
Phase inversion composition method was applied, which involved the spontaneous formation of
microemulsion, characterized by visual observation for their phase separation and optical clarity (e.g.
transparency and opacity). Generally, o/w microemulsions were formed at a small region of the ternary
phase diagrams with a relatively large ratio of water/lupin protein. Some differences between the
sweet and bitter lupin diagrams were observed in regions, including bi- and multiphase, liquid crystals,
gel and coarse emulsions. The physical characteristics of the microemulsions did not change with
different storage temperatures.
Various Pre-Treatment Methods to Reduce Free Fatty Acid
Content in Non-Edible Vegetable Oils for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Gupta A.K. , Chandra A.K. , Sharma U.C.
Published: October 2022

In this work, the efforts were made to reduce high free fatty acid (FFA) content in non-edible karanja and
jatropha vegetable oils below 1 mg KOH/g. The process was optimized in terms of amount of sulphuric
acid used in pre-treatment of the studied non-edible oils. Various adsorbents like activated carbon,
alumina, alumina-silica, calcined alumina and calcined alumina-silica exhibited significant removal
of FFA in a single-stage filtration process. Pre-treatment of test oil with calcined alumina-silica as
adsorbent was found to be the most appropriate for the removal of free fatty acids. Ultraviolet-visible
spectroscopy (UV) analysis showed that the original composition of test oil was not changed after the
pre-treatment process.
Synthesis, Spectral and Catalytic Properties of Palladium(II)
Complexes Containing Hydrazone Schiff Base Ligands
Authors: Sathya M. , Venkatachalam G.
Published: October 2022

Palladium(II) complexes of bidentate hydrazone Schiff bases were synthesized and characterized by
means of physico-chemical and spectroscopic (FT-IR, UV-vis and NMR) techniques. All the
palladium(II) complexes were tested as catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura and Sonogashira coupling reactions
and exhibits moderate to good catalytic activity.
Synthesis and Structure of Polymeric Copper(I) Compound with Single-Stranded
Dihelicate Units involving Multiring Nitrogen-Heterocyclic Ligand
Authors: Majhi Tirtha Pada , Kundu Nabanita
Published: October 2022

The polymeric copper(I) complex [Cu2(L)I2] (1) containing a new biologically relevant heterocyclic
bis-bidentate ligand viz. 3,3′-dipyridine-2-yl-[1.1′]bi[imidazo[1,5-a]pyridineyl] (L) was synthesized
and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The molecule lacks molecular center of
symmetry where coordination environments around both Cu(1) and Cu(2) are distorted tetrahedral
(Cu···Cu# separation of 3.5 Å). Compound in its solid-state structure shows π-π non-covalent interactions
as well as Carene-H---anion non-classical hydrogen bonding interactions that play dominant roles in
shaping the extended structure of the molecule.
Efficient Synthesis of Fluorinated Derivatives from Isolated 24-Ethyl cholest-5-en-3β-ol:
Characterization, Quantum Chemical Calculations by DFT and Molecular Docking
Authors: Singh Ranvijay Pratap , Prakash Rohit , Yadav Astha , Singh Asmita , Yadav Priyanka , Srivastava Sanjay , Sethi Arun
Published: October 2022

The current work focuses on the synthesis, characterization and docking study of two new fluorine
containing steroidal esters, viz. 1a (3-β-(4-fluoro benzoyloxy)stigmast-5-en) and 1b (3-β-(2-fluoro
benzoyloxy)stigmast-5-en). Synthesis of compounds 1a and 1b was done by conjugating β-sitosterol
(1) with 4-fluorobenzoic acid and 2-fluorobenzoic acid, respectively using high yielding Steglich
esterification method and their structures were identified using 1H NMR, FT-IR and UV spectroscopy
as well as mass spectrometry. Docking studies of compounds 1, 1a and 1b assisted in evaluating the
inhibitory effect of these steroids against the 2ITO a lung cancer protein. The ΔG values (binding
energy) of all the compounds revealed that synthetic derivatives 1a (with binding energy –9.6 Kcal/mol)
and 1b (with binding energy –9.5 Kcal/mol) are more potent than the parent molecule, compound 1
(with binding energy –7.5 Kcal/mol). A comparative atoms in molecules (AIM) studies predicted
greater stability of compound 1b over 1a. High value of β0 of 1a (4.1 × 10–30 esu) suggested that they
may be used as NLO materials.
Thomas Coram: the life and times of a research unit at the Institute of Education (London)
Authors: Brannen Julia , Moss Peter , Owen Charlie , Phoenix Ann
Published: October 2022

For nearly 50 years, the Thomas Coram Research Unit (TCRU) has been integral to the IOE (Institute of Education), UCL’s Faculty of Education and Society (University College London, UK). This article is written from the perspectives of four researchers who have served in the TCRU’s formative years and over its lifetime. It chronicles the TCRU’s history and meaning, situating these reflections within the wider and much changed context of academia, politics and society. It begins with an overview of the TCRU’s origins as a dedicated government-funded research unit in 1973, the rationale and aims of its founder and first director, Jack Tizard, and the TCRU’s subsequent evolution, and its work in the fields of childhood, families and children’s services. This is followed by a consideration of some important features of the TCRU, which have created its distinct identity, for example multidisciplinarity, working with mixed methods, international collaborations, a convivial and collegiate environment and a continuing capacity to generate new ideas and directions for research. The article also reflects on some of the challenges faced by the TCRU and how it has responded to them. The article concludes by considering whether there is still a place today for a dedicated, university-based social research unit with a long-term and strategic orientation.
MEIO TÉCNICO-CIENTÍFICO-INFORMACIONAL E O MOVIMENTO DA COVID-19 NO SUL DE MINAS
Authors: Teixeira Sérgio Henrique de Oliveira , Da Silva Eduardo de Araújo , Custódio Jaqueline Modesto
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho organiza informações da distribuição da COVID-19 nas cidades do sul do estado de Minas Gerais no primeiro semestre de 2020. Tem como objetivo oferecer um registro da circulação da pandemia no período destacado, investigando seu processo de difusão e contenção por meio das infraestruturas territoriais de circulação. Essas infraestruturas estão associadas à ascendência do meio técnico-científico-informacional e foram fundamentais para o espalhamento da pandemia. Elas são também elementos importantes para a mitigação dos efeitos deletérios do vírus e para os planos e projetos de desenvolvimento. Em especial, este artigo busca fornecer um mapeamento e uma organização dos dados que possam auxiliar os tomadores de decisão no combate à difusão de novos Coronavírus ou novas variantes que venham a ser registradas em regiões em que prevaleçam cidades médias e pequenas. Analisa-se as dinâmicas territoriais associadas à difusão espacial do vírus e seus impactos, uma vez que nessas cidades os serviços de saúde são escassos e de baixa complexidade de atendimento. O diagnóstico realizado evidencia que a pandemia se disseminou no sul de Minas Gerais por meio das principais rodovias que ligam o estado mineiro aos estados de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro.
IMPACTOS SOCIOECONÔMICOS PRODUZIDOS PELA INSTALAÇÃO DE UM INSTITUTO FEDERAL: UMA ANÁLISE DA REALIDADE DE OEIRAS (PI)
Authors: Bueno Paulo Henrique de Carvalho
Published: October 2022

Objetiva-se identificar os possíveis impactos socioeconômicos provocados pela instalação de um Instituto Federal na cidade de Oeiras (PI). Argumenta-se que a prestação de serviço educacional promove dinâmicas sociais e econômicas relevantes para a comunidade local, em função do dinamismo das formas e conteúdos presentes no espaço urbano oeirense. A pesquisa baseou-se em bibliografias concernentes à (re)produção do espaço, o papel da instalação dos Institutos Federais nessa dinâmica e aplicação de questionários online via Google forms junto aos servidores com vistas a investigar seus gastos na cidade, bem como os produtos e serviços que mais consomem. Constatou-se que a instalação do IFPI em Oeiras contribui com a dinâmica da economia local, seja nas dimensões materiais (bens e serviços), sejam áreas culturais (entretenimentos citadinos), fato(s)este(s) evidenciado(s) com a inserção de mais de dez milhões de reais anuais (conforme projeção para 2020 em valores brutos) só de salários a serem pagos aos servidores, recursos que ficam disponibilizados para o consumo da e na cidade.
CIDADES MÉDIAS: CONSTRUÇÃO METODOLÓGICA E PERSPECTIVAS ANALÍTICAS
Authors: Pereira Lívia Jordana Assis , de Lima Júnior Francisco do O’ , Soares Themis Cristina Mesquita , Bezerra Sara Taciana Firmino
Published: October 2022

O arrefecimento da metropolização e o surgimento de novas centralidades urbanas, frutos do processo de desconcentração da indústria brasileira, embasaram um profícuo debate sobre a conjuntura urbana nacional e os múltiplos usos do espaço. Diante disso, as cidades médias apresentam-se como um dos principais elementos que permeiam as discussões inerentes à rede urbana do país, sobretudo, no que se refere à sua base epistemológica. Dessa premissa, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a diversidade conceitual aplicada às cidades médias, sob a perspectiva dos fatores que as caracterizam, bem como, compreender o papel exercido por essas cidades no contexto regional onde estão inseridas. Como método, adotou-se a revisão integrativa, com o corte temporal das duas últimas décadas. Assim, a partir da análise dos dados qualitativos, elaborou-se arranjo teórico multiconceitual e funcional sobre as cidades médias. Outrossim, mesmo em face à pluralidade de sua base conceitual, é consenso entre os pesquisadores que as cidades médias se portam como verdadeiros centros de intermediação entre as pequenas e grandes cidades.
O CÓDIGO FLORESTAL E A SUA FLEXIBILIZAÇÃO EM ÁREAS DE PRESERVAÇÃO: O CASO DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE GOIÂNIA, GOIÁS
Authors: Favoretto Joildes Brasil , Favoretto Natalle Bosi , Ferreira Manuel Eduardo
Published: October 2022

Este artigo propõe analisar as implicações do atual Código Florestal Goiano, quanto ao uso das Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs), da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia (RMG). As flexibilizações previstas na lei vigente, como a inclusão do conceito de Área Rural Consolidada (ARC) e a extensão dos critérios para utilização das APPs em Área Urbana Consolidada (AUC), regularizaram a ocupação das APPs, gerando um retrocesso na legislação ambiental. A partir do mapeamento desenvolvido nesta pesquisa, sobre o uso e a cobertura das APPs metropolitanas, associado aos dados do Sistema Nacional de Cadastro Ambiental Rural, foi possível identificar que na RMG as ARC representam mais de 60% da área total dos imóveis rurais, contemplando parte significativa das APPs, as quais, por sua vez, passam a ter métricas de proteção reduzidas. Na área urbana, a problemática se repete nas AUC, com destaque para os municípios de Aparecida de Goiânia e Goiânia, com 67,99% e 60,39% das suas APPs localizadas em AUC, respectivamente. Nesse sentido, observam-se conflitos nas APPs da RMG, reforçados por instrumentos legais como o Código Florestal, que, ao invés de penalizar infratores, concede brechas para dúbias interpretações, regularizando a ocupação em áreas de preservação.
Chuvas na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro: caracterização, eventos extremos e tendências
Authors: Lima Sofia Siqueira , Armond Núbia Beray
Published: October 2022

O conjunto de fatores físico-naturais, econômicos, sociais e espaciais constituem processos que, associados, formam e dão sentido à complexidade espacial da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, configurando-a como um espaço suscetível e vulnerável à ocorrência de excepcionalidades de natureza climática. Assim, o artigo tem como objetivo analisar a variabilidade espacial e temporal dos eventos extremos de precipitação na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Foram utilizados dados diários de 48 postos pluviométricos: 40 postos na série de 2008 a 2019, e 8 postos entre 1970 e 2019. Foi empregada a técnica de percentis para o estabelecimento de anos-padrão (percentil 1, 10, 90 e 99) e para definição dos extremos (percentil 99). O software R foi utilizado para realização de testes de autocorrelação, extração dos índices RX1Day e RX5Day e para execução dos testes de Mann-Kendall, Pettitt e Sen's Slope. Foi verificada a influência da altitude, orientação das vertentes e maritimidade na distribuição espacial da precipitação e dos eventos extremos. Os anos com mais ocorrência de extremos, e com os eventos concentrados e persistentes de maior magnitude, são anos identificados como tendente à chuvosos e chuvosos, sendo eles 1988 e 2009. 90% dos extremos ocorrem na estação chuvosa, com destaque para dezembro, janeiro e março. Contudo, é abril que manifesta extremos de maior magnitude. Foram identificados 4 postos com tendências negativas, e 2 com tendências positivas.
Percepções de crianças da educação infantil sobre os Conceitos de ciência e de cientista
Authors: Do Amaral Ximendes Fernanda , Castro Pessano Edward Frederico
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa, estudo de caso, realizada com crianças da Educação Infantil em uma Escola Municipal na cidade de Uruguaiana/Rio Grande do Sul, no ano de 2018. A pesquisa tem por escopo verificar as percepções das crianças sobre ciências e cientista. O grupo pesquisado foi composto por 21 crianças pertencentes à última etapa da Educação Infantil. Os dados foram obtidos através de questionamentos/entrevistas e desenvolvimento de um desenho pelas crianças. A análise dos questionamentos foi de caráter qualitativo e para as análises dos desenhos foi utilizada uma metodologia adaptada da análise de conteúdo através de comparação com as respostas das crianças. Os resultados demonstram que as percepções das crianças sobre ciências e cientista são variadas, pois temos crianças com concepções fragmentadas, confundindo cientista com outras profissões, concepções estereotipadas, as quais demonstraram uma visão do cientista apresentada em desenhos, filmes e livros e crianças sem nenhum tipo de concepção sobre cientista e ciências. Percebeu-se que quando a criança não consegue expressar-se verbalmente sobre um assunto, é possível que através do seu desenho, seja apurada a sua representação gráfica, o seu pensamento e sua concepção sobre o que foi questionado.
Ações docentes relacionadas aos recursos didáticos utilizados em aulas de uma licenciatura em ciências biológicas
Authors: Caldeira Lourenço Geovana , Menghello Passos Marinez , De Mello Arruda Sergio
Published: October 2022

Neste artigo, trazemos os resultados de uma investigação que objetivou descrever e analisar as ações docentes relacionadas aos recursos didáticos utilizados em aulas de uma Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas. Para a coleta de dados, gravamos as aulas de um docente de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior pública do estado do Paraná/Brasil e registramos notas de campo sobre elas. Apresentamos a análise de duas aulas, uma em que os recursos utilizados foram os slides e outra, a lousa e o pincel marcador. Inspirando-nos na Análise de Conteúdo, categorizamos as ações docentes em três níveis: macro ações, ações e micro ações. Em nossos resultados, verificamos que o uso dos slides evidenciou um menor número de ações docentes, além de um menor tempo para executá-las, que o da lousa e do pincel marcador. Também identificamos uma ação exclusivamente relacionada ao uso dos slides (ação Indica) e três ações relacionadas ao uso da lousa e do pincel marcados (ações Apaga, Dita e Escreve).
Nanociência e nanotecnologia na formação inicial de professores de física: um estudo sobre concepções e práticas
Authors: Da Costa Poulis Erika , Coradi Guerini Silvete , Custódio Filho José Francisco
Published: October 2022

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as concepções de professores sobre nanociência e nanotecnologia e investigar as práticas de ensino desenvolvidas na abordagem destas temáticas nos cursos de Licenciatura em Física ofertados pela Universidade Federal do Maranhão e Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. O enfoque metodológico foi centrado na abordagem qualitativa, apoiando-se na entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento para coleta dos dados, tratada a partir da perspectiva de Análise de Conteúdo. A análise dos dados revela que os participantes dispõem de concepções teóricas de acordo com a perspectiva científica sobre a nanociência e nanotecnologia e compreendem as especificações que cada termo apresenta. Também demostram que o ensino dessa temática vem sendo desenvolvido essencialmente de modo teórico, em um nível superficial. Observa-se como dificuldades imposta no ensino da nanociência, a ausência do tema na formação inicial e o não comparecimento ou tímida presença do conteúdo nos livros didáticos.
Ser professor de física: fatores que determinam a escolha dos jovens
Authors: Pimentel Emanuel Cesar , Rosa Cleci Teresinha Werner da , Darroz Luiz Marcelo
Published: October 2022

O presente estudo parte da problemática relacionada à escolha dos jovens por ser professor, e dos fatores que influenciam essa escolha, particularmente as questões associadas às vivências presentes durante o ensino médio. Para tanto, o estudo toma como referência outros trabalhos que analisam essas escolhas e revelam elementos que podem auxiliar na compreensão desse fenômeno. A partir desses estudos, busca-se analisar os fatores que interferem na escolha dos jovens por um curso específico de Licenciatura em Física e localizado na região sul do Brasil, investigando de que natureza são as escolhas desses jovens. O referido curso mantém um diálogo constante com a comunidade e com as escolas, aventando-se a possibilidade de que as vivências positivas dos jovens a partir das ações desenvolvidas por esse curso, podem estar influenciando na decisão dos jovens por cursar Física. A investigação realizada busca responder ao seguinte questionamento: Seriam as vivências positivas o fator determinante? Para responder, o estudo realiza um questionário respondido por 65 sujeitos que ingressaram em um curso de Física, cujas respostas permitem endossar os resultados apresentados pelos trabalhos de referência e revelam as experiências positivas vivenciadas durante o ensino médio, como fator que mais influencia a escolha por ser professor de Física.
Study of the Influence of the Surface Roughness of Knitted Fabrics from Natural Fibres on the Light Fastness of Their Colours
Authors: Semeshko Olga , Saribyekova Yulia , Asaulyuk Tatyana , Myasnykov Sergey , Kulish Irina , Horokhov Ihor
Published: October 2022

The article examines the influence of the surface properties of knitted fabrics from cotton and wool of various knitted structures on the light fastness of their colours. The surface properties of knitted fabrics of single plain, 1×1 rib and French piqué knitted structures were evaluated by determining their roughness using a non-contact optical method for processing digital images of the knitted fabric’s surface. The roughness profiles of the corresponding knitted fabric samples were obtained, and the main indicators of surface roughness were calculated: the profile height at ten points Rz and the arithmetic mean profile deviation Ra . Cotton knitted fabrics were dyed with the Bezaktiv Cosmos dye brand, which are bifunctional reactive dyes with monochlorotriazine / vinyl sulfone active groups, and wool knitted fabrics were dyed with acid dyes. The light fastness of the samples was evaluated after exposure to the Light Fastness Tester (Mercury-Tungsten Lamp) RF 1201 BS (REFOND) with a PCE-TCR 200 colorimeter. Colour measurements were averaged for each sample. Total colour difference (dE) was measured on the dyed cotton knitted fabrics samples after light exposure. According to the obtained roughness profiles of cotton and wool knitted fabrics, it can be concluded that the studied knitted fabrics are characterized by different roughness, which depends on their knitted structures. At the same time, a relationship was found between an increase in the roughness of knitted fabrics and the photodestruction of colours by reactive and acid dyes on cotton and wool knitted fabrics, respectively. The results show that the surface structure of knitted fabrics, that is the knitted structure, impacts the process of colour photodestruction and that the amount of dye that has undergone photodestruction increases with the increasing surface roughness of the knitted fabric.
Study of Water Quality of Kedung Jumbleng River As A Liquid Waste Disposal of Tofu Industry and Community Behavior of The People in Krajan, Mojosongo, Surakarta
Authors: Laksono Putro Primadi Gayuh , Hadiyanto H.
Published: October 2022

This study examines the water quality of the Kedung Jumbleng River which is used as a tofu liquid waste disposal site and the behavior of the surrounding community which aims to find out how the water quality of the Kedung Jumbleng River is, community behavior, and steps to control pollution. The study was identified through literature searches or field observations formulated in research questions: (1) How is the water quality of the KedungJumbleng river? ; (2) How is the behavior of the people in Krajan Mojosongo, Surakarta and (3) What are the steps to control pollution. This study is a descriptive mix method with a sequential explanatory design approach, and uses research data collection methods with field surveys and mapping and laboratory tests with parameters such as temperature, pH, BOD, COD, DO, TSS, and NH3. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The analysis used to determine water quality is the Pollution Index method. Descriptive analysis method is used to determine people's behavior in terms of knowledge, attitudes and actions. The results showed that the water quality of the Kedung Jumbleng river exceeded the quality standard in several water quality parameters. Pollution Index value for all classes of moderately polluted water. The results of the analysis of community behavior showed that the behavior of the people around the Kedung Jumbleng river had knowledge aspects of 55.1% High, 42.9% Enough, and only 2% had low knowledge. Attitude aspects 26.6% Good, 69.4% Fairly Good, and 4% Bad. Aspects of action 53% Good and 47% Poor. Based on the interpretation of the research results, it can be concluded that: (1) The water quality of the Kedung Jumbleng river is currently moderately polluted; (2) The behavior of the community in Krajan Mojosongo Surakarta is quite good in terms of the value of the aspects of knowledge, attitudes and actions.
Elevated muscle mass accompanied by transcriptional and nuclear alterations several months following cessation of resistance‐type training in rats
Authors: Rader Erik P. , Baker Brent A.
Published: October 2022

Rodent studies investigating long‐term effects following termination of hypertrophy‐inducing loading have predominantly involved exposures such as synergist ablation and weighted wheel running or ladder climbing. This research yielded a spectrum of results regarding the extent of detraining in terms of muscle mass and myonuclei number. The studies were also limited in their lack of sensitive performance measures and indirect relatedness to resistance training. Our research group developed and validated a relevant rat model of resistance‐type training that induces increased muscle mass and performance. The aim of the present study was to determine to what extent these features persist 3 months following the termination of this training. While performance returned to baseline, muscle mass remained elevated by 17% and a shift in distribution to larger muscle fibers persisted. A 16% greater total RNA and heightened mRNA levels of ribosomal protein S6 kinases implicated preserved transcriptional output and ribosomal content. Remodeling of muscle fiber nuclei was consistent with these findings – increased nuclear number and a distribution shift to a more circular nuclear shape. These findings indicate that muscle mass detrains at a slower rate than performance and implicates multiple forms of myonuclear remodeling in muscle memory.
Philosopher-King on a Leash: Combining Plato’s Republic, Statesman and Laws in the Justinianic Dialogue
On Political Science
Authors: de Nicolay René
Published: October 2022

Late antique political Platonism was not unoriginal in its thought. The paper takes as an example the Justinianic dialogue On Political Science (ca. 550), which creatively engages with Plato’s political works. It shows that the dialogue tries – and manages, as I argue – to combine two apparently inconsistent Platonic models: what I call the “divine” model, in which a philosopher-king endowed with divine knowledge rules unhindered by civic laws; and the “human” model, characterized by the rule of law. The divine model comes mostly from Plato’s Republic and Statesman; the human one, from the Laws. On Political Science demonstrates that its (anonymous) author was acquainted with these three Platonic texts, in addition to other texts. That is philologically noteworthy, but also philosophically interesting: the dialogue manages to integrate the two models into a common framework. It puts forward an original political model, in which a philosopher-king, although endowed with divine knowledge, still has to be bound by civic laws because of his human frailty. The article concludes by discussing the polemical import the dialogue could have had in its Justinianic context.
Evaluation of four different cogeneration cycles by using some criteria
Authors: Karaali Rabi , Keven Arzu
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this article is to evaluate four different gas turbine cogeneration cycles which are basic, absorption cooling, air heating and air fuel heating cogeneration cycles by using the most important six evaluation criteria for different excess air coefficient, different compression rates, and different compressor inlet air temperatures. These six evaluation criteria are electrical heat ratio, exergy efficiency, incremental heat rate, artificial thermal efficiency, fuel energy saving ratio, and specific fuel consumption. It is seen that the air-fuel heating cogeneration cycle is the most efficient among the cycles examined for a certain compressor compression ratio, followed by the air heating, basic, and absorption cooling cycles.
Evaluation of pharmacogenomic evidence for drugs related to ADME genes in CPIC database
Authors: Reeves Anthony Allen , Hopefl Robert , Deb Subrata
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) is a platform that advances the pharmacogenomics (PGx) practice by developing evidence-based guidelines. The purpose of this study was to analyze the CPIC database for ADME related genes and their corresponding drugs, and evidence level for drug-gene pairs; and to determine the presence of these drug-gene pairs in the highest mortality diseases in the United States.

Methods

CPIC database was evaluated for drug-gene pairs related to absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. National Vital Statistics from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was used to identify the diseases with the highest mortality. CPIC levels are assigned to different drug-gene pairs based on varying levels of evidence as either A, B, C, or D. All drug-gene pairs assigned with A/B, B/C, or C/D mixed levels were excluded from this study. A stepwise exclusion process was followed to determine the prevalence of various ADME drug-gene pairs among phase I/II enzymes or transporters and stratify the drug-gene pairs relevant to different disease conditions most commonly responsible for death in the United States.

Results

From a total of 442 drug-gene pairs in the CPIC database, after exclusion of 86 drug-gene pairs with levels A/B, B/C, or C/D, and 211 non-ADME related genes, 145 ADME related drug-gene pairs resulted. From the 145 ADME related drug-genes pairs, the following were the distribution of levels: Level A: 43 (30%), Level B: 22 (15%), Level C: 59 (41%), Level D: 21 (14%). The most prevalent ADME gene with CPIC level A classification was cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) (26%) and overall, the most prevalent ADME gene in the CPIC database was CYP2D6 (30%). The most prevalent diseases related to the CPIC evidence related drugs were cancer and depression.

Conclusions

We found that there is an abundance of ADME related genes in the CPIC database, including in the high mortality disease states of cancer and depression. There is a differential level of pharmacogenomic evidence in drug-gene pairs enlisted in CPIC where levels A and D having the greatest number of drug-gene pairs. CYP2D6 was the most common ADME gene with CPIC evidence for drug-gene pairs. Pharmacogenomic applications of CPIC evidence can be leveraged to individualize patient therapy and lower adverse effect events.
Label-free single-cell counting and characterization in the GHz-range
Authors: Gwozdz Paul V. , Harberts Jann , Zierold Robert , Blick Robert H.
Published: October 2022

We demonstrate operation of a micropore based flow cytometer in the radio-frequency range. Apart from simply counting micron sized particles, such as cells, with close to nano-second resolution this counter offers the additional benefit of delivering insight into the intracellular environment. Such non-invasive screening of the cell’s interior based on analysing amplitude and phase of the signal is helpful in characterizing the biological activity of cells. In detail we are using heterodyne mixing to demodulate the temporal impedance changes, which are induced by cells translocating through a micropore embedded in a radio-frequency circuit. This allows us to measure every amplitude and phase modulation induced by a translocation event. Herein, we compare the Jurkat cells (human T lymphocytes) recordings with a control group of polystyrene beads. As the cells are measured on a single cell level, the variations on the measured amplitude and phase signals are used, herein, to sense morphological cell changes in real time.
The Shift to Soft Law at Europe Borders: Between Legal Efficiency and Legal Validity
Authors: Reviglio Martino
Published: October 2022

In contemporary politics of migration governance, the criterion of legal validity is hindered by legal efficiency. Or parliamentary government before executive governance. This tension between legal efficiency and legal validity can emerge in bilateral soft agreements. The article analyses the EU-Turkey Statement (2016) and the Memorandum of Understanding between Libya and Italy (2017). From these bilateral soft agreements, a turn from legal validity to legal efficiency can be observed. The efficiency criterion, by replacing the one of validity, limits significantly the role of the Parliaments and thus affects the overall institutional balance and the rule of law. The article recognises the geopolitical contingences that determine the adoption of soft law bilateral agreements. However, it suggests reflecting on how legal forms are manipulated to externalise and securitise the borders of Europe by retuning border management from legal efficiency towards legal validity, or in other words from soft to hard law.
“We’re running out of fuel!”: When does miscommunication go unrepaired?
Authors: Elder Chi-Hé , Beaver David
Published: October 2022

We introduce a framework for studying repair initiation in the face of miscommunication. Our aim is to seed development of models that both predict when conversational repair is a likely communicative strategy and explain why interlocutors would not engage in repair in the face of conversational difficulty. We identify three factors as critical to the predictability of repair: (i) the extent to which a misalignment is (un)recognized by participants (ignorance); (ii) the significance of misalignment relative to some cluster of goals (cost of misalignment); and (iii) the significance of engaging in repair relative to some cluster of goals (cost of repair). We offer a simple method for graphically depicting relevant aspects of communicative situations and exemplify the framework with examples of non-repaired miscommunication before discussing its applicability to different empirical domains.
“Sorry for your consideration”: The (in)adequacy of English speech act labels in describing ‘apologies’ and ‘thanks’ in Japanese
Authors: Diegoli Eugenia
Published: October 2022

Despite speech act theory being very influential in pragmatics, the notion of what constitutes a speech act in languages other than English has not received the attention it deserves in the literature. After a brief outline of traditional speech act theory, this paper problematizes the use of English speech act labels by comparing English and Japanese conceptualizations of ‘apologies’ and ‘thanks’. The notion of indebtedness and the norm of reciprocity are then discussed, arguing that they can help revealing similarities between ‘apologies’ and ‘thanks’ in Japanese that are not observed in English. The second part of the paper is empirical in nature and adopts a corpus-assisted approach. The Japanese expression su(m)imasen [sorry], usually signaled as apologetic, is used as key word in two web corpora of written Japanese for retrieving metapragmatic comments and naturally occurring exchanges where su(m)imasen is framed as an expression of gratitude – a function English apologies do not serve. Finally, the paper proposes the notion of pragmatic space to investigate ‘apologies’ and ‘thanks’ as neighboring speech acts that overlap to different degrees and present different prototypical features in Japanese and English. The analysis reveals that the acritical use of English speech act labels is not suitable for describing ‘apologies’ and ‘thanks’ in Japanese.
Bibliometrie in Bibliotheken: Antworten auf häufige Fragen
Authors: Sollmann Anett , Tunger Dirk
Published: October 2022

Bibliometrie ist ein aktuelles Thema in vielen Bibliotheken. Es ist oft verbunden mit vielen Fragen, die sich auch immer einmal wiederholen. In diesem Beitrag haben die beiden Autoren die 10 häufigsten Fragen hierzu herauskristallisiert und versuchen diesen in einzelnen und voneinander unabhängigen Abschnitten zu beantworten. Sie greifen hierbei Fragen auf zu Datenanbietern wie Web of Sience, Scopus und Dimensions, aber auch PubMed, ArXiv, EconBiz , ebenso wie zu bibliometrischen Indikatoren wie den Journal Impact Factor (JIF), CiteScore (CS), Scimago Journal Rank (SJR), Source Normaliezed Impact per paper (SNIP). Es werden aber auch Schlaglichter auf angrenzende Themen wie Open Access und Altmetrics wie Altmetric.com, Plum Metrik und Article-Level-Metric (ALM) geworfen. Die organisatorische Einbettung, die Frage danach, wie kulturverändernde Themen sich auf Wissenschaftsmanagement und Bibliotheken auswirken sowie der Aspekt, dass Bibliotheken zu diesen datengetriebenen Themen eine Expertenfunktion einnehmen sollten, runden den Beitrag ab.
Instagram in Wirtschaftsarchiven am Beispiel des Historischen Archivs des Ostdeutschen Sparkassenverbandes
Authors: Brunst Saskia
Published: October 2022

Dieser Artikel behandelt die Einführung von Instagram in (Wirtschafts-)Archiven. Die Foto- und Videoplattform wird in Archiven − im Vergleich zu Facebook und Twitter − bisher am wenigsten verwendet, trotz einer konstant steigenden Anzahl an Nutzenden. Ein Grund dafür könnte sein, dass Archivarinnen und Archivaren keine Anhaltspunkte durch Konzepte, Leitfäden und beispielgebenden Ideen für die Beitragsgestaltung zur Verfügung stehen. Um diesem Zustand entgegenzuwirken, wurden im Rahmen der Bachelorarbeit „Instagram in Wirtschaftsarchiven“ Instagram Beiträge am Beispiel des Historischen Archivs des Ostdeutschen Sparkassenverbandes (OSV) entwickelt und umgesetzt. Diese erschienen von Juli bis Dezember 2021 auf dem Account des OSV. Die Strategieentwicklung, die Umsetzungsbeispiele sowie die wichtigsten Ergebnisse dieser praktischen Auseinandersetzung werden in diesem Artikel vorgestellt.
Nützlichkeit und Nutzbarkeit von Metadaten bei der Suche und Bereitstellung von offenen Bildungsressourcen
Authors: Tischler Friedhelm , Heck Tamara , Rittberger Marc
Published: October 2022

Pädagogische Informationen über offene Bildungsressourcen (OER) ermöglichen das spezifische Suchen und Teilen dieser Materialien. Der LOM-Standard schlägt u. a. Felder wie Workload, Zielgruppe und Interaktivität vor. Vor dem Hintergrund, dass die Indexierung von Bildungsressourcen mit zusätzlichen Metadaten zeit- und ressourcenaufwendig ist und OER auch von Erstellern und Erstellerinnen direkt publiziert werden wollen, stellt sich die Frage zum einen nach dem Mehrwert der zusätzlichen Informationen für die Suche und zum anderen nach der Schwierigkeit bei deren Erstellung. Viele deutsche OER-Retrievaldienste haben aktuell ein Redaktionsteam, das die Metadaten überprüft und die Dozierenden beim Ausfüllen der Felder berät. Oft sind es jedoch die Dozierenden selbst, die ihre Materialien hochladen und mit Metadaten beschreiben wollen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden in einer qualitativ angelegten Studie Hochschullehrende zur Nützlichkeit und Nutzbarkeit von spezifischen pädagogischen Informationen zu Bildungsressourcen befragt. Im zweiten Schritt sollten sie versuchen, selbst diese Angaben auf eigene Bildungsressourcen anzuwenden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass für OER im Hochschulbereich nicht alle vorgeschlagenen pädagogischen Informationen zielführend sind. Relevante Metadaten für die Suche sind Art des Lernmaterials, Zielgruppe, Beschreibung und Vorkenntnisse. Hingegen sind Workload und Interaktivität weniger relevant und zudem auch schwieriger für die Dozierenden zu beschreiben. Jedoch kommt bei allen Ergebnissen die Fachspezifität und Diversität der Bildungsressourcen zum Tragen, wie die Auswertungen der Aussagen der Teilnehmenden zeigen. Die Resultate können Anbietern von OER-Repositorien bei der Auswahl geeigneter Metadatenfelder helfen und tragen zur weiteren Klärung von Wertelisten der Metadatenfelder bei.