bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Screening of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) varieties for resistance to Curvularia leaf spot disease
Authors: Kittimorakul Jittra , Sunpapao Anurag , Duangpan Saowapa , Anothai Jakarat , Eksomtramage Theera
Published: June 2019

Leaf spot disease, particularly Curvularia leaf spot (CLS), can devastatingly damage both quality and quantity of oil palm seedlings in Thailand. Chemical fungicides have been intensively applied to control transmission of this disease. However, this has relatively low efficiency as the causative pathogen gains resistance to fungicides with selection pressure. An alternative or complementary cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach is necessary to find the resistant varieties for disease management. In this present study, a total of 122 lines of Dura female plant, 2 lines of Pisifera male plant, and 4 Tenera commercial varieties (A, B, C and SUP-PSU1) were screened by Curvularia inoculation using detached leaf method. Two weeks after inoculation, the results showed 13 Dura lines as highly resistant to CLS (0% disease incidence), whereas one line (129) and the commercial variety B were highly susceptible (100% disease incidence). Nine Tenera hybrid lines from 13 Dura highly resistant lines were selected to test for high resistance and subjected to Curvularia inoculation in greenhouse conditions, and compared with the susceptible and highly susceptible lines. Three Tenera hybrid lines (138, 187 and 203) showed high resistance to CLS significant difference from susceptible lines. These were the most highly resistant varieties to CLS and should be considered for breeding programs of oil palm stock among the cases tested.
Effect of calcium, BAP and putrescine on somatic embryo induction in juvenile explants of Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla hybrids
Authors: Moura Luciana Coelho de , Xavier Aloisio , Cruz Ana Cláudia Ferreira da , Batista Diego Silva , Gallo Ricardo , Miranda Natane Amaral , Otoni Wagner Campos
Published: June 2019

Considering the constant improvement of Eucalyptus cloning and the search for new technologies to produce plantlets of this species, somatic embryogenesis has attracted interest from research groups and forestry companies that use advanced genetic breeding and cloning programs. The objective of the present study was to verify the effect of concentrations and sources of calcium, concentrations and effect time of cytokinin BAP and polyamine putrescine on the induction and development of somatic embryos in juvenile explants of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla. Cotyledonary explants were inoculated into culture medium containing calcium chloride (MS medium) or calcium nitrate (JADS medium) as source of calcium. Different concentrations of calcium were also used, for MS medium containing: 4.40 gL-1 (control-Ca), 6.60 gL-1 (50% increase over control - Ca 50) and 8.80 gL-1 (increase of 100% over control – Ca 100) of calcium nitrate; and for JADS medium containing: 11.81 gL-1 (Ca), 17.72 gL-1 (Ca50) and 23.62 gL-1 (Ca100) of calcium chloride. Cotyledon explants were inoculated into the primary induction medium (PIM) containing 20.71 μM picloram as growth regulator. At 10, 20 and 30 days of primary induction, the explants were transferred to the secondary induction medium (SIM) containing 20.71 μM picloram and 11.10 μM BAP or 28.36 μM putrescine. The culture medium containing calcium nitrate provided higher callogenesis when compared to the medium containing calcium chloride. The increase in calcium concentration in the media did not provide higher percentage of induction of somatic pro-embryos. However, the addition of 28.36 μM putrescine to the culture medium provided a higher percentage of induction of somatic embryogenesis. The number of somatic pro-embryos formed per explant was higher when BAP and putrescine were added to the culture medium when compared to medium containing only picloram. To obtain a greater number of somatic pro-embryos of Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla, the JADS culture medium containing 28.36 μM putrecine should be used.
Fruit quality of a traditional pineapple cultivar (Turiaçu) compared to the most popular cultivar (Pérola) in Brazil
Authors: Reis Fabrício de Oliveira , Araujo José Ribamar Gusmão , Braun Heder , Junior Augusto César Vieira Neves , Pereira Anna Paula A
Published: June 2019

Turiaçu is a traditional pineapple cultivar in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, and its fruits have high potential for the fresh fruit market due to consumer acceptance. This cultivar is in the process of domestication, but information on the quality of its fruits and their standards for marketing is scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biometric and chemical characteristics of the Turiaçu pineapple cultivar and the Pérola cultivar, which are grown in the main pineapple producing areas—Turiaçu, and São Domingos do Maranhão—in the state of Maranhão. The fruits were harvested at the green stage to evaluate the following biometric characteristics: fruit weight, infructescence weight, pulp yield, crown, peel and total residues, and base to apex diameter ratio; and the following chemical characteristics—total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), and TSS to TTA chemical ratio. The Turiaçu cultivar presented higher fruit and infructescence weights, more cylindrical fruits, and pulp with higher TSS concentration and less acidity, compared to the Pérola cultivar. Fruits of the Turiaçu cultivar had more desirable biometric and chemical qualities for the consumer market— they were large, cylindrical, sweet, and with low acidity—, compared to those of the Pérola cultivar.
Accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in T1 transgenic tobacco seedlings expressing metallothionein gene from Eleusine indica
Authors: Sidik Nik Marzuki , Yazid Roslina Mat , Dahlan Dhalila Zafirah Mohd , Othman Babul Airianah , Ismail Ismanizan
Published: June 2019

Cadmium (Cd) contamination of urban and agricultural soils is toxic to humans, animals and may cause negative effects on plant growth and crop production. The existing conventional methods are found to be not efficient to remove Cd from contaminated soil. The present experiment reports the analysis of nine T1 lines of transgenic tobacco carrying metallothionein gene (eiMT1) from Eleusine indica, with potential for high efficiency to remediate Cd in contaminated soils. Thirty-days old tobacco plants were treated with different concentrations of CdNO3 (0, 50, 100 and, 150 µmol) for seven days and the accumulation of Cd in the whole seedling was quantitatively determined by using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). All transgenic tobacco lines showed greater tolerance and accumulated higher level of Cd than the wild type with lines 18D, 20D1 and, 18C were among the highest (678.7, 623.0 and 611.9 mgkg-1 Cd, respectively). Meanwhile, transgenic tobacco lines 18B1 and 20D1 showed higher expression of eiMT1 gene. These results suggest that the cadmium accumulation in transgenic tobacco did not strictly associate with the expression level of eiMT1 gene. However, expression of eiMT1 greatly required for higher accumulation of Cd in transgenic tobacco seedling.
Productivity and nutrient extraction by Brachiaria brizantha fertigated with treated sewage effluent
Authors: Santos Gilmar Oliveira , Faria Rogério Teixeira de , Rodriguês Gilberto Aparecido , Dantas Geffson de Figueredo , Costa Natã Rodriguês
Published: June 2019

The present study was performed to evaluate the responses in productivity and nutrient extraction in dry biomass of Brachiaria brizantha ‘Marandu’ fertigated with treated sewage effluent (TSE) from 2013 to 2014, in Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. A triple line source sprinkler system was used to perform uniform but gradual irrigation of TSE and mineral fertilization in five treatments, with the following TSE fractions in water: 1.0 (E5); 0.87 (E4); 0.6 (E3); 0.31 (E2), and 0.11 (E1). In addition to fertigation, all treatments were supplemented with P and K. TSE was applied at depths of 1,853 and 2,253 mm year-1 in 2013 and 2014, respectively. This provided E5 with the following amounts of N, P, K, and Na (kg ha-1): 931, 27, 314, and 894, in 2013, and 1,132, 21, 463, and 1,428, in 2014. The most relevant effects on B. brizantha dry biomass yield and nutrient extraction were obtained with higher doses of TSE. The extract of macronutrients was higher for K and N, followed by K, Ca, Mg, and Na. Based on the responses in productivity and nutrient extraction of soil by the crop as a function of TSE fertilization without soil contamination, we propose that increased fertilizer application be studied further.
Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) to support decisions for water supply in affluent and developing countries
Authors: Smeets P. W. M. H.
Published: June 2019

Providing microbially safe water is a main goal of water supply to prevent endemic waterborne disease and outbreaks. Since increasing the level of safety requires resources, it is important to identify most relevant risks and efficient ways to reach health-based targets. Over the past decades, quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) developed into a systematic, science-based approach to assess microbial risks through drinking water supply. In this study we present the QMRA approach and how it can be used to support decisions in both affluent and developing countries. This includes examples from the statutory QMRA in the Netherlands that led to efficient and effective improvements in water supply, not only in treatment, but also in monitoring and operation. In developing countries people often need to use various sources of drinking water. We will demonstrate how QMRA can help to improve insight in the relative risks of these routes and the effect of interventions.
Diffuse pollution monitoring and modelling of small urban watershed in Brazil Cerrado
Authors: Tsuji T. M. , Costa M. E. L. , Koide S.
Published: June 2019

The stormwater runoff carries different pollutants that can reduce the quality of receiving waters due to diffuse pollutant loads. This research was aimed at evaluating the concentration of pollutants in stormwater and the application of SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) to an urban catchment in Lake Paranoá watershed to carry out the simulation of flow discharge with the hydraulic model, and subsequently to estimate the loads conveyed to the lake in ordinary events of precipitation. This study was carried out based on rainfall and runoff monitoring during events. It was confirmed that this model's results fit well in simulation of this type of watershed, leading to high value of the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient after calibration but, as expected, precipitation distribution is a very important factor for calibration. Concerning water quality, it was observed that the event mean concentration values of suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand were high, indicating that the diffuse pollution is an important source of pollution of the receiving waters. The monitoring and modelling of stormwater are essential to identify diffuse pollution discharge, in searching for a sustainable solution.
Various factors contributive toward tourist intention in enjoying wellness tourism
Authors: Wendri I Gusti Made , Bakta I Made , Suprapti Ni Wayan Sri , Ardika I Wayan
Published: June 2019

Wellness tourism is fast growing nowadays as alternative tourism developed from conventional spa tourism into special-interest tourism. Therefore, it is interesting to study the phenomenon of this fast developing industry in Bali in order to reveal its advantage for one’s wellness on the basis of the following question: What factors are contributive to the tourists’ intention in enjoying wellness tourism?. This study aims to explore the factors of belief-forming the tourists’ intention or interest to enjoy wellness tourism. The research adopts planned behavior theory (PBT) as its theoretical framework. The data was collected by questionnaires distributed to 100 tourist-respondents accessed by purposive sampling technique. The analysis was quantitatively done using factor analysis technique as a data analytical instrument. The result of the analysis shows that there are 8 belief factors identified to form the tourists’ intention in enjoying wellness tourism. These factors include: 1) the belief in spa’s benefit, 2) price, 3) past experience, 4) moral obligation for health, 5) environmental awareness, 6) personal value, 7) socializing program and 8) health maintenance.  It is hoped that this research result would provide valuable information for the development of wellness tourism in Bali.
Impact of mgnregs on dalit women: A case study of nagari mandal in chittoor district
Authors: Narasimhulu T.
Published: June 2019

The study found that Dalit women are facing discrimination in the payment of wages. They are not equally paid to both men and women. Hence, it is suggested that the government should take necessary steps to equal wages to both men and women. The study found that income generation under the MGNREGS was meager. This is due to the low wage rate. Hence, it is suggested that the wage rate should be a hike from Rs.121 to Rs.200 per day as the inflation rate has gone up. Also suggested to link this with market wage rate and make changes accordingly. It is found that most of the Dalit women faced problems in getting employment under the MGNREGS. There are problems at the time of applying for job cards, at the time of issuing job cards, problems in informing about employment, problems in the payment of wages, political involvement, etc. Hence, it is suggested that online facility should be arranged to apply an issue of job cards.
Effect of reversing lamination scheme
Authors: Suleiman Osama Mohammed Elmardi , Osman Mahmoud Yassin , Hassan Tagelsir
Published: June 2019

New numerical results are generated for in-plane compressive biaxial buckling which serves to quantify the effect of reversing lamination scheme on buckling loading. The buckling loads have been determined for two modulus ratios 40 and 5. It is observed that the buckling loads are completely the same for the given first three modes. Therefore, it can be concluded that the buckling load of laminated plates will remain the same even if the lamination order is reversed. The reason behind this is that the transformed elastic coefficients are equal for both lamination schemes.
Imaginatively Grounded Figures: Dancing with Castoriadis
Authors: Hall Joshua Maloy
Published: June 2019

This paper argues that twentieth-century philosopher Cornelius Castoriadis’ innovative concept of imagination is closely related to his treatments of dance. More specifically, it revolves around his concept of “figure,” which thereby suggests a productive partnership with my own philosophy of dance, which I call “Figuration.” The first and second sections below review the interpretations of Castoriadis’ imagination in the two book manuscripts on him in English, Jeff Klooger’s Psyche, Society Autonomy (which supplements Castoriadis with Fichte) and Suzi Adams’ Castoriadis’ Ontology (which supplements him with hermeneutics). My final section defends Castoriadis against these two critical supplements through a close reading of his magnum opus, The Imaginary Institution of Society. There I re-choreograph Castoriadis’ use of the Freudian concept of “leaning on” (Anlehnung, from the Greek anaclisis) as “bending back” (anaclasis, following Klooger’s misspelling of anaclisis). In short, the imagination is like a dancer, bending back to nature understood as “the region which resists” (to varying degrees) the social.
Contribuições da utilização do fórum off-line como recurso metodológico complementar no processo de formação presencial
Authors: Camargo Marisa , Candaten Abelina Fátima , Nicolodi Franciele
Published: June 2019

Neste trabalho será apresentada a experiência de um fórum off-line desenvolvido com acadêmicos de uma disciplina específica do curso presencial de graduação em Serviço Social da Faculdade de Integração do Ensino Superior do Cone Sul (FISUL), no município de Garibaldi, estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), no ano de 2011. Os comentários postados pelos acadêmicos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo com recorte temático, interpretados com base no método dialético-crítico e no referencial teórico do Serviço Social e de áreas afins. Na avaliação, foram destacadas contribuições da utilização do meio virtual de ensino-aprendizagem em pauta, como recurso metodológico complementar no processo de formação presencial.
Textos vencedores do Concurso Literário de 2011
Authors: Benvenuti Juçara
Published: June 2019

O Concurso Literário do Colégio de Aplicação é uma Ação de Extensão realizada anualmente pelo Departamento de Comunicação com o objetivo de estimular a produção escrita e de registrar as memórias da comunidade escolar. Em 2011 foi realizado de abril a julho, envolvendo a participação de vários professores dos diferentes departamentos do CAp, uma professora do Instituto de Letras da UFRGS, um técnico-administrativo. Os textos premiados aqui divulgados são identificados pelos autores através de seus nomes e pseudônimos usados na inscrição.
Para repensar a região: uma proposta de ensino integrado de Geografia e História
Authors: Zalla Jocelito , Rossato Maíra Suertegaray
Published: June 2019

Frente à atualidade do debate sobre identidades nacionais e regionais, propomos, neste trabalho, a análise de uma ação de ensino integrada de Geografia e História, realizada no CAp-UFRGS, que pretendeu traduzir em novas estratégias e abordagens didáticas os conhecimentos acadêmicos sobre a construção da ideia de região e da figura do gaúcho tradicional no Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, também tecemos um breve balanço do desenvolvimento teórico do conceito de região nos meios especializados e um rápido histórico da produção do mito do gaúcho pampiano no estado. Os resultados da ação mostram ser possível utilizar a temática para construir com os estudantes conceitos interdisciplinares (como fronteira, nação, região, estereótipo), desnaturalizando na sala de aula uma identidade que se apresenta como fixa e essencialista e fomentando a tolerância e o respeito à diversidade cultural.
Andaimento: estratégia de aprendizado vivenciada em aulas de Línguas Estrangeiras
Authors: Bergmann Gerônimo Loss
Published: June 2019

Estudo qualitativo que aborda a aprendizagem e o ensino da língua inglesa como Língua Estrangeira em uma escola pública regular de Ensino Médio em Porto Alegre. Entrevistas filmadas e análises interpretativas de dados coletados durante as aulas foram utilizadas como instrumentos metodológicos de pesquisa. O principal objetivo é a aprendizagem colaborativa dos alunos, isto é, durante as aulas eles atuam como mediadores de seus próprios aprendizados por meio de tarefas, tendo como base o andaimento, termo cunhado por Wood, Bruner e Ross (1976). Esta estratégia de aprendizado provém da teoria sociocultural iniciada por Vygotsky, filósofo bielorrusso e importante fonte teórica nesta pesquisa. Os resultados foram obtidos num período de três anos nessa escola pública regular que visa, além de um ensino de boa qualidade, a inserção do aluno em ambientes diferenciados que promovam aprendizagem.
Apontamentos de leitura: A casa de Bernarda Alba
Authors: Mota Kelly Cristine Correa da Silva
Published: June 2019

Este texto tem como objetivo compartilhar anotações da leitura do livro A casa de Bernarda Alba, de autoria de García Lorca. Essas anotações contém uma síntese da narrativa, bem como indicações temáticas, passíveis de aprofundamento conforme interesses pessoais ou estudos regulares de sala de aula.
Representações sociais de professores do terceiro ciclo da rede municipal de Porto Alegre/RS com relação à Educação Integral
Authors: Silva Letícia Fonseca , Marques Tânia Beatriz Iwaszko
Published: June 2019

Sete professores do terceiro ciclo da rede municipal de ensino fundamental de Porto Alegre-RS forneceram informações sobre os programas de Educação Integral através de uma adaptação do método clínico piagetiano com uso de histórias. A partir destes dados, as representações sociais destes professores sobre a Educação Integral puderam ser observadas. Destaca-se a importância que eles dão aos programas, apesar de demonstrarem um dualismo entre turno/contraturno e prazer/estudo; necessidade de aprimorar a gestão democrática; a visão que têm dos alunos priorizando aspectos negativos; a ausência de percepção quanto à importância de seu papel no sucesso dos programas.
A saúde na educação física (des)seriada: oportunidades de desenvolvimento da dimensão espiritual
Authors: Lettnin Carla Da Conceição
Published: June 2019

Resumo: Este estudo qualitativo é um recorte da tese intitulada “A (des)seriação da Educação Física (EF) no ensino médio (EM) como proposta de contribuições a saúde: visão de alunos e professores”. Essa nova perspectiva/ação visa à integração dos anos do EM e considera, fundamentalmente, os interesses dos estudantes para a composição das turmas, respeitando o princípio da individualidade, em prol de um ambiente mais saudável. Para recolha dos dados entrevistou-se 7 professores de EF e 138 alunos do EM, além do grupo focal constituido por 14 alunos. Para compreender os dados utilizou-se análise de conteúdo. Evidenciou-se na dimensão espiritual que a (des)seriação é um espaço que proporciona a mudança de hábitos e atitudes através do exercício permanente de reflexões sobre as causas e efeitos provenientes de suas escolhas e do convívio diário com as diferenças, as quais podem lhe trazer harmonia pela coerência entre o pensamento e a ação.Palavras-chaves: Escola; Educação Física; Saúde; Espiritualidade.
A Guerra do Paraguai na historiografia brasileira: algumas considerações
Authors: Salles ANDRÉ Mendes
Published: June 2019

Este artigo trata da historiografia brasileira relativa à Guerra do Paraguai. Consideramos as quatro versões predominantes nessa historiografia, quais sejam: a versão que se deu logo após a guerra, versão esta propagada pelo exército brasileiro (a historiografia memorialístico-militar-patriótica); a historiografia propagada pelos positivistas ortodoxos; o revisionismo das décadas de 1960/70/80, com destaque para León Pomer (1979; 1980) e Júlio Chiavenatto (1983); e a corrente interpretativa chamada por alguns estudiosos de neo-revisionismo, com destaque para Francisco Doratioto (2002). Demos ênfase às duas últimas historiografias, apreendendo, sobretudo, as questões relacionadas às causas do conflito, e ponderamos a historiografia neo-revisionista produzida pelo historiador Francisco Doratioto.
Prevalência de dor nas costas e hábitos posturais inadequados em escolares do Ensino Fundamental do Colégio de Aplicação da UFRGS
Authors: Furlanetto Tássia Silveira , Medeiros Fernanda , Candotti Cláudia Tarragô
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a prevalência e a associação da dor nas costas e dos hábitos posturais inadequados em escolares do Ensino Fundamental do Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. 197 escolares (a partir do 5º Ano) foram avaliados com o questionário Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument (BackPEI), o qual visa identificar a presença de dor nas costas e avalia fatores de risco demográficos (idade e sexo) e comportamentais (hábitos de vida diários). Os resultados demonstraram uma prevalência de dor nas costas dos escolares de 55,3%, tendo associação significativa com o sexo feminino. Foi encontrada prevalência superior a 90% de hábitos posturais inadequados nas atividades de sentar para escrever, sentar em uma cadeira e/ou banco, sentar para utilizar o computador e pegar objeto do chão. Houve associação significativa entre sentar para escrever inadequadamente e dormir adequadamente com a dor nas costas.
Aproximações entre trabalho e educação na América Latina e no mundo
Authors: Morigi Valter
Published: June 2019

O artigo trabalha os pontos de convergência entre  educação popular, a questão do trabalho e a educação. Parte do histórico do trabalho no capitalismo como conhecemos hoje para afirmar a economia solidária enquanto uma alternativa possível de ser apontada como política pública, numa realidade na qual o trabalho é supervalorizado e todo ócio é condenado.Defende a necessidade de transformação, para que os habitantes das cidades do mundo articulem ações e propostas que permitam melhor fazer frente aos novos desafios do mundo do trabalho, dando a todas as pessoas oportunidades de desenvolvimento e crescimento individual e coletivo.
Letramento, Desejo e Prática no Contexto do Ciclo de Alfabetização; a Atuação do Programa de Formação Continuada (PNAIC) em Goiás.
Authors: Marques Myriam
Published: June 2019

RESUMO: Este estudo busca investigar como vem sendo desenvolvido o processo de domínio da leitura e da escrita no ciclo de Alfabetização proposto na Lei 11.274, de  06/02/2006, que altera os artigos 32 e 87 da LDB, Lei nº 9.394 de 20/12/1996, instituindo a ampliação do ensino fundamental para nove anos de duração. Propõe uma reflexão sobre a compreensão dos processos de alfabetização e letramento, e contempla o Curso de Formação para Professores Alfabetizadores  denominado PNAIC (Programa Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa) em Goiás. Aborda ainda a intencionalidade do mesmo quanto à consolidação da prática da leitura e escrita dentro do prazo que se estabeleceu para que todas as crianças possam estar alfabetizadas. Aborda também a atuação desejosa e comprometida dos professores para que estes possam atribuir significado e autonomia no processo de assimilação de diferentes saberes minimizando a problemática que se percebe quanto ao fracasso escolar Palavras- chave: Alfabetização. Letramento. Desejo. Prática docente
A cidade que educa: saídas de campo urbanas e suas potencialidades para o ensino de geografia
Authors: Nedel Oliveira Victor Hugo
Published: June 2019

Este artigo trabalha a Educação Geográfica a partir das saídas de estudos e suas potencialidades para o ensino de Geografia. A cidade, que surge como cenário para as saídas de campo, não se configura apenas como agente passivo neste contexto, mas como espaço que educa através de seus objetos e ações. Demonstra-se, a partir destes entendimentos, uma proposta de saída de estudos por dois espaços da cidade de Porto Alegre – RS: o Centro Histórico e o Cemitério da Santa Casa de Misericórdia. Os conceitos vivenciados neste trabalho de campo vão além das questões de Geografia urbana, uma vez que existem diversas possibilidades conceituais e analíticas a serem exploradas nos espaços visitados, como é demonstrado no decorrer do texto. Pensar o ensino de Geografia a partir de vivências urbanas coloca o estudante como sujeito social, inserido em um contexto real de uma cidade que pulsa, vibra e se movimenta.
Uma aluna da EJA atuando como bolsista de IC Júnior: relato de uma experiência
Authors: Bernardo Odete De Oliveira , Bocasanta Daiane Martins
Published: June 2019

O trabalho apresenta um relato escrito por uma aluna da EJA de 50 anos acerca de sua experiência como bolsista de IC-Júnior em uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi identificar e analisar como estudantes da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) são posicionados em livros didáticos voltados para a alfabetização e pós-alfabetização em relação ao que consideramos conhecimentos tecnocientíficos.
Influence of rhizome mass on the crop establishment and dry matter yield of Miscanthus×giganteus over ten seasons
Authors: Dzeletovic Zeljko , Andrejic Gordana , Simic Aleksandar , Geren Hakan
Published: June 2019

The aim of the present investigation was to assess the influence of rhizome
mass on the success of plantation establishment and biomass yield of the
bioenergy crop M. ? giganteus during 10 years of cultivation. The experiment
included three treatments with different rhizome masses: 10-20 g (very low);
25- 35 g (low), and 40-60 g (medium mass). Planting density was 2 rhizomes
m-2. The plants were harvested by mowing of the whole above-ground biomass
each year in February. Out of the total number of planted rhizomes, the
lowest emergence was noticed in very low mass rhizomes. In the first season,
the greatest number of stems and crop height were encountered under the
treatment with the highest rhizome mass. In the second season, crop heights
were almost equal in all treatments. During the first two seasons, the
highest biomass yields were recorded under the treatments with the highest
rhizome masses. Although the analyzed parameters were highest with the
rhizomes of 40-60g during the crop establishing stage, starting from the
third season of cultivation, high yields of above-ground biomass may be
obtained also with lower mass rhizomes. Having the highest biomass yield
(25.85?7.36 Mg DM ha-1), the crop established with rhizomes of 25-35 g
clearly stood out.
Economic justification of honey production in Serbia
Authors: Nedic Nebojsa , Nikolic Marija , Hopic Senad
Published: June 2019

Although beekeeping in Serbia has a long tradition, the interest of farmers
for this branch of agricultural production depends on the expected economic
benefits. Assessing the economic justification of beekeeping is based on the
analysis of the revenues from honey production, as the main and often the
only beekeeping product, and the expenses generated in production. The aim of
the paper is to compare revenues and expenses in the production of honey and
to determine the threshold of profitability. The calculation of the revenues
and the expenses was made on the basis of data obtained from the survey of
beekeepers and from the available secondary sources. The analysis showed that
the profitability threshold was achieved with 68 colonies, or with production
volume of 1,450 kg of honey. The values of the indicators of economic
efficiency, productivity and profitability indicate that beekeeping was
economically justified on farms with 100 and 200 colonies.
Total factor productivity (TFP) of productive resources used in homestead poultry broiler farms in Niger state of Nigeria
Authors: Sanusi Sadiq , Paul Singh , Muhammad Ahmad , Muhammad Lawal
Published: June 2019

The present research measured the total factor productivity (TFP) of
productive resources used in homestead poultry broiler farms in Niger State
of Nigeria, using a structured questionnaire complemented with an interview
schedule to collect cross-sectional data from a drawn sample size of 97
active broiler producers via the multi-stage sampling design. The data
analyses were performed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings from the study showed evidence of a productive labour force in the
enterprise, literate farming population with a sustainable household size
typical of African agrarian settings. The enterprise was found to be
profitable in the studied area. Furthermore, findings showed that more than
half of the sampling population was productive in the utilisation of their
input resources, which may be due to technical awareness of the modern
poultry management techniques in the studied area. Thereafter, it was
observed that gender status, experience, capital source and operational
capital were the factors affecting TFP of the farmers. Therefore, the study
recommends gender sensitisation and the need for public private partnership
synergy to explore the untapped potentials in this sub-sector in the studied
area as almost half of the farmers were found not to be productive in the
utilisation of their resources.
Short-term outcome in preterm infants depending on whether they were born from singleton, twin or triplet pregnancy: Data from a tertiary care hospital in Serbia
Authors: Velisavljev-Filipovic Gordana , Matic Aleksandra , Dragicevic Marina , Damjanovski Divna
Published: June 2019

Introduction/Objective. After the introduction of the national program of fertility treatment, increased frequency of multiple pregnancies was noted. The literature has shown controversies regarding the higher risk of morbidity and mortality of the preterm newborns from multiple pregnancies. Methods. Preterm singletons, twins and triplets born within a two-year study period were included in the analysis. Data about preterm twins were extracted first. For each pair of twins, two singletons of the same gestation age were chosen. The set of the examinees was completed by including the triplets born during the same period. The short-term outcomes were compared between these three groups. Results. A total of 210 preterm infants were included in the study, out of which 84 singletons, 84 twins and 42 triplets. Statistical analysis showed significant difference between the three groups regarding type of conception (p < 0.0001), mode of delivery (p < 0.001) and birth weight (p = 0.005). Short-term mortality and morbidity (neonatal death, the need for intubation at birth, respiratory support, surfactant therapy, and intracranial hemorrhage) were significantly increased in triplets comparing to singletons and twins. Conclusion. Preterm triplets have an increased risk for adverse short-term outcomes comparing to singletons and twins of the similar gestation age in our study sample.
1458-P: Dietary Patterns and Genetic Factors in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Whites and African Americans: A Longitudinal Aric Study
Authors: HARDY DALE S. ,   CVD PRIDE GROUP
Published: June 2019

We determined whether longitudinal changes in MetS were influenced by interaction between a genetic risk score (GRS) and habitual dietary patterns among whites and African Americans. We used the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study data from 4-visits (1987-1998) for 9,778 whites and 2,922 African Americans aged 45-65y at baseline. MetS was defined according to the NCEP, Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Dietary variables were obtained from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study food frequency questionnaire. Generalized linear models using risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with p < 0.05 were used to judge model statistical significance. For every 5-allele increase, the GRS was associated with increased risk for MetS in whites (RR=1.12;95% CI=1.11-1.13) and African Americans (RR=1.16;1.14-1.19), respectively. Those in the upper half of the GRS had 1.20-fold (RR=1.20;1.18-1.23) and 1.25-fold (RR=1.25;1.20-1.29) increased risk for MetS among whites and African Americans, respectively. For every 5-unit increase in factor scores for dietary patterns: Red/processed meat (RR= 1.13;1.09-1.18), skim milk/lowfat dairy (RR=1.11;1.06-1.17), high-fat dairy/butter (RR=0.95;0.90-100), and high carbohydrate foods (RR=1.20;1.14-1.27) were associated with longitudinal changes in MetS among whites. Dietary pattern with whole milk/high fat dairy was protective in MetS among African Americans (RR=0.81;0.72-0.90) but the dietary pattern characterized by red processed meat was harmful (RR=1.16;1.08-1.25). In interaction models, among whites, a protective risk remained for high-fat dairy dietary pattern after interaction with the risk-causing GRS (RR=0.85;0.75-0.96). Certain dietary patterns may be associated with MetS. However, the effect of a higher fat intake dietary pattern may be protective of MetS among whites and African Americans even with a high burden of risk-causing alleles among whites.

Disclosure

D.S. Hardy: None.

Funding

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (K01HL127278)
146-LB: Efficacy and Safety of Metformin Glycinate vs. Metformin Hydrochloride in Metabolic Control and Inflammatory Mediators in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients (T2DM)
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-CANUDAS JORGE ,   COMET GROUP
Published: June 2019

Background: Metformin Glycinate (MG) is a recently developed drug with a different pharmacokinetic profile compared to Metformin Hydrochloride (MH); it also has additional signaling pathways to control hyperglycemia.

Objective: To compare efficacy, safety and effect on inflammatory mediators of MG versus MH treatment over 12 months in T2DM patients. Clinical Trials.gov: NCT01386671.

Methods: Controlled, randomized, double blind, multicenter. Group A was treated with 1,700 mg/day of MH and Group B with 2,101.2 mg/day of MG. Milliplex Map Human Cyokine, commercial ELISA kit, was used to determinate the following pro-inflammatory mediators: TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, CRP and anti-inflammatory mediator: adipokine.

Results: 203 patients were randomized, 101 (Group A) and 102 (Group B). 144 patients had complete for inflammatory mediators evaluation, 73 in Group A and 71 in Group B. There were no differences in mean HbA1c and fasting glucose between groups. In Group B a bigger proportion of patients achieved the goal of HbA1c 7%, p= 0.030; each intra-group showed statistical decrease differences in pro-inflammatory mediators, p<0.05 and increase adiponectin levels, p<0.05. After six months, only 76% of patients in Group A achieved normal levels of leptin versus 91% in Group B (p=0.022). QUICK were evaluated to determine insulin resistance, in Group B at 6 months had higher decrease resistance (p=0.040). There were fewer treatment emergent adverse events in Group B (p= 0.03).

Conclusion: There were no differences in efficacy between groups (HbA1c). The difference on inflammatory mediators’ response was statistically significantly different after 6 months of treatment. There was higher proportion of patients treated with Metformin Glycinate with normal levels in leptin and resistin, which could be related to a lower insulin resistance (QUICK). Metformin Glycinate group showed a better safety profile.

Disclosure

J. González-Canudas: Employee; Self; Laboratorios Silanes.

Funding

CONACyT; Laboratorios Silanes
1489-P: Ten-Year Follow-Up of Diabetes Incidence in the DE-PLAN (Diabetes in Europe—Prevention Using Lifestyle, Physical Activity, and Nutritional Intervention) Project in Catalonia
Authors: BARRIO FRANCISCO , COSTA BERNARDO , COS FRANCESC XAVIER , CABRE JOAN-JOSEP , MARTINEZ ANNA , MESTRE SANTIAGO , CASTELL CONXA , LINDSTROM JAANA ,   THE CATALAN DIABETES PREVENTION RESEARCH GROUP
Published: June 2019

To assess the long-term effectiveness of a pragmatic public healthcare strategy to prevent type 2 diabetes within primary care setting. In the extended follow-up of the DEPLANCAT project, we explored whether the originally-achieved risk reduction remains after discontinuation of active lifestyle intervention. Middle-aged men (n=184) and women (n=368) with Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC)>14 and/or prediabetes (WHO rules for fasting or 2-h glucose) were allocated not randomly but sequentially to standard care control (CG) or intensive lifestyle intervention (IG) group. After a median of 4.2 y of active intervention, participants who were still free of diabetes were further followed-up without any additional specific intervention for a median of 5.8 y (median total follow-up of 10.01 y) via computerized health-care records or direct personal contact with invitation to 2h-glucose retest. The primary outcome was the development of diabetes. During the active intervention, diabetes was diagnosed in 124 participants (22.5%): 63 (28.8%) in the CG and 61 (18.3%) in the IG. After 10 y, 27 people (4.9%) had died. Among the remaining 401 individuals, 34 diabetes diagnoses were traced using the health-care records. Additionally, among the 191 people (47.6%) who agreed to blood re-test (66 in the CG and 125 in the IG) 16 new cases were found. During the post-intervention follow-up the total number of new cases of diabetes was 16 in the CG and 34 in the IG. The absolute incidences of diabetes during the overall follow-up were 6.1 (95% CI 5.2-6.9) and 5.1 (4.4-5.8) per 100 person-years, respectively (p=0.019 log-rank). The corresponding HR was 0.59 (0.43-0.81) with a relative risk reduction of 16.6%. The NNT to prevent one case of diabetes was 10. Intensive lifestyle intervention in a primary care setting substantially reduces diabetes incidence among high-risk individuals. Risk reduction can persist for at least 10 years.

Disclosure

F. Barrio: None. B. Costa: None. F. Cos: None. J. Cabre: None. A. Martinez: None. S. Mestre: None. C. Castell: None. J. Lindstrom: None.

Funding

Institute of Health Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Health and the European Regional Development Fund (PI14/00122, PI14/00124); La Marató de TV3 Foundation (73-201609.10); Spanish Diabetes Society; Department of Health, Generalitat de Catalunya; Pla Estratègic de Recerca i Innovació en Salut (SLT002/16/00045, SLT002/16/00154, SLT002/16/00093)
1501-P: Reproducibility of Glycemic Measures among Youth and Adults with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) or Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in the Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) Study
Authors: TJADEN ASHLEY H. , EDELSTEIN SHARON , ARSLANIAN SILVA A. , BARENGOLTS ELENA , CAPRIO SONIA , CREE-GREEN MELANIE , LTEIF AMALE A. , MATHER KIEREN J. , SAVOYE MARY , XIANG ANNY , KAHN STEVEN E. ,   RISE CONSORTIUM
Published: June 2019

Fasting and 2-h OGTT glucose along with HbA1c are used in clinical practice for diagnosing IGT and T2D, and in clinical trials for assessing eligibility. While previous studies found poor reproducibility of such measures in adults and youth at risk for dysglycemia, no studies have assessed group differences in reproducibility. We assessed reproducibility of glycemic measures in treatment-naïve youth and adults screened for RISE. Central laboratory measurements of plasma glucose and HbA1c from two standardized 2-h OGTTs completed 4 weeks apart were compared in 66 youth (mean age 14.2 y) and 354 adults (52.7 y) with IGT or recently diagnosed T2D, using ADA criteria. Between screening and baseline, mean coefficient of variation (CV) was lowest for HbA1c in both groups (Table). HbA1c variability was greater in youth than adults, whereas 2-h glucose variability was greater in adults. Status concordance was highest with HbA1c and lowest with 2-h glucose alone, and significantly lower in youth than adults using HbA1c alone. This variability produced discordant glycemic classification at screening vs. baseline in over 25% of participants. The variability and lack of classification concordance in youth and adults highlights the limitations of one-time testing for diagnostic classification in clinical practice and trials.

Disclosure

A.H. Tjaden: None. S. Edelstein: None. S.A. Arslanian: None. E. Barengolts: None. S. Caprio: None. M. Cree-Green: None. A.A. Lteif: None. K.J. Mather: Advisory Panel; Self; Roche Diabetes Care. Research Support; Self; Abbott, Merck & Co., Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. M. Savoye: None. A. Xiang: None. S.E. Kahn: Advisory Panel; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S. Consultant; Self; Neurimmune. Other Relationship; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S. R. Consortium: None.

Funding

American Diabetes Association (1-14-RISE-01 to S.E.K.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
1540-P: Plasma Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) at Three Time Points during the DCCT/EDIC Are Associated with Subsequent Risk of Microvascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: MONNIER VINCENT M. , SELL DAVID , LACHIN JOHN , BEBU IONUT ,   THE DCCT/EDIC RESEARCH GROUP
Published: June 2019

We previously showed that skin collagen AGEs at DCCT trial closeout were strongly associated with progression of microvascular disease even after adjustment for A1c (Glyconj. J. 33: 569, 2016). We now tested whether plasma protein AGEs are associated with subsequent progression of retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy.

Methods: Fourteen AGEs were measured by LC/MS/MS in banked plasmas from 466 DCCT participants at three time points (TPs): DCCT year 4 (TP1), year 8 (TP2) and EDIC year 5/6 (TP3). Data were analyzed using correlation coefficients, while associations with risk of complications used Cox proportional hazards models were determined without adjustment for multiplicity.

Results: Fructose-lysine (FL), glucosepane (GSPN) and carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) were lower in the former intensive glycemic control group at both TP1 and TP2 (P<0.0001) but not at TP3. At all 3 TPs, mean A1C was positively correlated with levels of FL (r=0.44), GSPN (r=0.33) and CML (r=0.35). In unadjusted Cox models using all three TPs, higher levels of FL, GSPN and CML were associated with subsequent risk of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR, P<0.0001), clinically significant macular edema (CSME, P<0.0008) and confirmed clinical neuropathy (CCN, P<0.005). After adjustment for mean A1C, all three AGEs (FL, GSPN, CML) remained significantly associated with PDR (P<0.021), FL and GSPN remained significant for CCN (P≤0.005), and CML remained significant for CSME (P=0.033). Methylglyoxal hydroimidazolone (MG-H1) and methionine sulfoxide (MetSOX) were positively associated with sustained eGFR<60 and cardiac autonomic neuropathy before and after adjustment for A1C (P<0.05, P=0.031, respectively).

In conclusion, after adjustment for A1C, FL, GSPN, CML and MG-H1 are the plasma AGEs most strongly associated with progression of microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes.

Disclosure

V.M. Monnier: Consultant; Self; Juvenescence Ltd. D. Sell: None. J. Lachin: Board Member; Self; Tolerion, Inc. I. Bebu: None.

Funding

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DP3DK101123-01)
1541-P: Association between Urine Free Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) at Three Time Points during the DCCT/EDIC and Subsequent Risk of Microvascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: SELL DAVID , LACHIN JOHN , BEBU IONUT , MONNIER VINCENT M. ,   THE DCCT/EDIC RESEARCH GROUP
Published: June 2019

Using banked urines from 156 DCCT participants of the former skin biopsy cohort (Diabetes 48:870,1999) we tested whether free AGEs measured at DCCT year 4 (Timepoint TP1), year 8(TP2) and EDIC year 17 (TP3) are associated with risk of microvascular complications progression.

Methods: Fructose-lysine(FL), glucosepane(GSPN), carboxymethyl-lysine(CML), methylglyoxal (MG-H1) and 10 other markers were measured by LC/MS/MS. Data were analyzed using correlation coefficients, while associations with risk of complications using Cox proportional hazards (PH) models without adjustment for multiplicity.

Results: FL (P<0.005) and GSPN (P<0.004) were significantly lower in the intensive therapy group at TP2. At all 3 TPs, mean A1C correlated with FL (r=0.31) and GSPN (r=0.30) (P<0.0001). In unadjusted Cox PH models, higher GSPN levels were associated with sustained eGFR<60 (P=0.007), cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) (P=0.008) and borderline with confirmed clinical neuropathy (CCN) (P=0.05, NS). FL and CML were associated with sustained microalbuminuria (SA) both before (P≤0.001, 0.012) and after (P≤0.034) adjustment for A1C. Upon adjustment for A1c, age and gender using all 3 TPs, methionine sulfoxide/MetSOX (P=0.001), 3-nitrotyrosine (P=0.003), and FL and G-H1 (P<0.027) were associated with PDR; pentosidine (P=0.041) with clinically significant macular edema; MetSOX (P=0.013) and GSPN (P<0.034) with sustained eGFR<60; FL (P=0.015), CML (P=0.028) and MG-H1 (P=0.042) with SA. LW-1/glucuronidine was associated with CCN both before (P<0.001) and after adjustment for A1C (P<0.001). Chi square statistics were larger than A1c for GSPN with CAN, MetSOX with sustained eGFR<60 and LW-1/glucuronidine for CCN, suggesting stronger associations.

Conclusions: FL, GSPN, and CML in urine consistently emerge as the AGEs most significantly associated with risk of subsequent microvascular complications.

Disclosure

D. Sell: None. J. Lachin: Board Member; Self; Tolerion, Inc. I. Bebu: None. V.M. Monnier: Consultant; Self; Juvenescence Ltd.

Funding

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DP3DK101123)