bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic efficiency of probiotic lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus rhamnosus and antibiotic against isolates of pathogenic bacterial from skin wound infections
Authors: Al-Shohani Naseer Sabah , Makhrmash Jasim Hussien
Published: August 2022

Background: Probiotic refer to harmless live normal flora micro-organisms (M.O), which are mostly strains of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and others. These microorganisms (M.O) help the host's health when given in the right dosages. Aims: To identify bacterial species isolated from wound infections, and also to evaluate in-vitro the antimicrobial activity of selected probiotic species and antibiotic against some pathogenic bacteria. Methods: Records of wound swabs collected from 102 patients with high suspicion of wound infections. Bacterial colonies were Gram stained and microscopically examined. Biochemical tests were done to identify pathogen species. The microtitre plate method (MTP) was used to detect biofilm formation by bacteria. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used for antibiotic testing. The well diffusion method and agar spot method was used for detection probiotic affectivity to a group of bacteria isolated (totally 38 isolates). Results: Prevalence of wound infections was 81.4% (CI: 60.869). A total of 10 species were isolated from 83 infected wounds. The most common bacterial species detected was Staphylococcus aureus (26.5%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14.4%, Proteus mirabilis (12%), Escherichia coli 10.8%, and Enterobacter cloacae (8.4%). Polymicrobial infection was found in 25(30.1%) of the samples and was mainly constituted with two species.
study of morphological pattern of the talar articular facets in dry human calcanei and its clinical implications
Authors: Agarwal Preeti , Agarwal Vaibhav , Kumar Anand , Kumar Sarangdhar , Gupta Rakesh
Published: August 2022

Background: The calcaneum is longest and largest of all the tarsal bone.  Morphology of the talar articular facets of calcanei is important for anatomy with respect to diagnosis and treatment of the injuries related to foot. Aims: This study was done to understand  the variation in the morphology  of talar articular facets on the superior surface of human calcanei and to study various shapes of these facets . Methods: 138 of adult dry calcanei 86 of right side and 52 of left side of unknown gender were taken from the museum of Department of Anatomy of Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly and  LBKMCH,Saharsa and evaluated one by one. Result: PatternI was 69.5% of the studied bones, Pattern II and Pattern III were 4.3% each, Pattern IV was 21.7%, Pattern V was not found. The anterior and middle articular facets were mostly oval in shape and that of posterior articular facet was oval and convex.  The calcaneal length was recorded with  the mean and SD of 6.9 ± 0. 65cms (left side) and 6.9 ± 0. 9cm (right side). The width was 4.0 ± 0.38  cm (left) ,4.1 ± 0.3 cm (right).
Effect of laser bio-stimulation with a wavelength of 632.8 on children with spastic cerebral palsy
Authors: Dabbous Ola A. , Morsy Mona , Abdelazeim Faten H. , Said Rowida S. El
Published: August 2022

Cerebral Palsy (CP) defined as lasting clutters gather of development and posture advancement which is the cause of activity confinement that are credited to non-dynamic unsettling influences which happened in the developing fetal or newborn child brain. Concurring to European information, the average recurrence of CP is 2.08 per 1000 live births. Study proposed to confirm low laser acupuncture impact with wavelength 632.8 nm. on immunity improvement in children with spastic CP. This study was conducted on 40 children with spastic CP both sexes from 1 to 3 years old. They were chosen from the outpatient clinic of pediatric in the National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES) and physical therapy outpatient clinic at Benha Teaching Hospital. They were divided randomly into two groups equal in number: Group A: (Control group) received physiotherapy session only lasted for an hour for 3 sessions / week for 12 weeks. Group B: (study group): received laser acupuncture with wavelength 632.8 nm and power output: 50 mw for 3 sessions / week for 12 weeks as well previous program of physical therapy.
Evaluation of oral manifestations in COVID patients an original research
Authors: Dubey Samiksha , Rishal Mohammed. P , Singh Harmeet , Nikitha Alavala Vasavi , Lavanya Chitikesi , Anand Preetha , Rajesh Damarasingu
Published: August 2022

Introduction- The continuum emerging viral diseases are a threat to mankind and moreover are a serious concern to the public health. The current lethal COVID‑19, a SARS‑CoV‑2 is a highly contagious disease, which propagated quickly all over the world. Similar to other influenza‑like viral infections, symptoms such as fever, dry cough, myalgia, arthralgia, headache, diarrhea, dyspnea, and fatigue were reported among COVID‑19 patients. Evidence suggests that the oral cavity is affected by this virus either directly or indirectly. Aim & Objective- The aim of this observational study was to determine the oral manifestations among COVID‑19 patients.  Materials and Methods- A questionnaire‑based cross‑sectional study was carried out among the patients recovered from COVID‑19. A sample of 120 subjects, diagnosed as mild and moderate cases of COVID‑19 disease were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results-The study comprised an almost equal number of male (64%) and female (56%) participants and among them, 48% belong to the health professional group.Approximately 55% of subjects were aged above 35 years and 45% below 35 years.
physiological role of potassium and calcium spraying on 2 – productive characteristics of two potato varieties
Authors: AL-Dulaimi Haneen Abdullah Taha , Ibraheem Fathel F. R.
Published: August 2022

An experiment was carried out in the forest area during the spring growing season 2021 to study the physiological role of calcium and potassium spraying some productive characteristics of two potato varieties. The experiment included three factors of 18 treatments. The first factor was two cultivars of imported potatoes Fandango and Sifra, second factor is calcium in three concentrations (0, 500, 100 mg. L-1) the third factor was potassium in three concentrations (0, 2.5, 5 g. L-1). The experiment was carried out in the field using the Split-Split_plot system within the RCBD design, the cultivars were placed in the main plots and calcium concentrations in the secondary plots, while the sub-sub plots included potassium concentrations and each treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that Sifra plants were significantly superior to Fandango plants in the total number of tubers, the yield of one plant, the total yield per unit area, the marketing yield of the plant, and the marketing yield of tubers per unit area. While the plants of the cultivar Fandango were significantly superior to the plants of the cultivar Sifra in total tuber weight.
Evaluation of the ability of some local soil fungi to produce oxalic acid under different conditions
Authors: Al-Rikabi Ahmed Abed Faisal , AL-Shibli Majid Kadhim Abboud
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to isolate fungi from soil and evaluate their ability to produce oxalic acid, then determine the most productive fungal isolate and the optimal conditions for acid production. All fungal isolates were oxalate producers, and the most efficient fungal species was A.niger, followed by A.flavus, then Rizoctonia solani with production rates of 4.05% , 3.54% , and 3.42% respectively , the rest isolates gave variable productivity. The optimum conditions for oxalate production were as follows ; (4%) sucrose as the best carbon source, (0.25%) ammonium sulfate as a best nitrogen source, (0.1%) hydrated magnesium sulfate as a best salt , (3%) which is equal to 1×106 spores/ml was the best inoculum size, the optimal pH value was equal to 6.5 , and 25°C represent an optimal temperature degree , for  7 days incubation period.
Evaluation of neurosensory disturbance after using separators vs using chisels in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy
Authors: Sholkamy Hisham , Shehab Mohamed F.
Published: August 2022

Aim: To evaluate neurosensory disturbance after using separators Vs chisels in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. Methods: A total of (18 patients) 36 sides indicated for BSSO randomly assigned to 2 equal parallel groups; 9 patients (18 sides) treated using chisels (control group) and 9 patients (18 sides) were treated by separators (intervention group). The neurosensory disturbance was assessed for each side. Result: After one year follow up in separator group showed neurosensory dysfunction by 11.1% while chisel group showed 44.4%. Conclusion: The use of separators (splitting forceps and elevators) led to a low percentage of persistent post-operative neurosensory dysfunction.
Development, characterization and in VIVO evaluation of diffusion controlled transdermal matrix patches of a model anti-Inflammatory drug
Authors: Kapoor Bhawana , Bhatt Sarswati Prakash , Bilandi Ajay , Sahiba Sahiba , Singh Balraj , Kumar Parveen
Published: August 2022

In the current research, diffusion controlled transdermal matrix patches of Lornoxicam, an anti-inflammatory drug was developed by solvent casting method using hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers in different ratios and tween-80 and span-80 as permeation enhancers. Formulated patches were characterized for different physicochemical parameters in terms of moisture loss, drug content, film thickness and strength, uptake and loss of moisture, transmission of water vapor etc. All of these parameters were found be satisfactory. In-vitro diffusion studies of formulated patches were performed by using Franz diffusion cells. The drug diffusion rate followed zero order kinetics with super case II transport diffusion. Based on In-vitro diffusion data, best formulation was selected and used further for the stability analysis.  Developed patches were stable at different temperature and humidity settings in terms of physicochemical properties and drug content. The optimized patches were also evaluated for the in-vivoanti-inflammatory and analgesic activity using suitable animal models. The results of all the in-vitro and in-vivo studies justify the selection of transdermal route for the systemic delivery of Lornoxicam to overcome its shortcomings when administered orally.
Diagnostic study of bovine herpes virus -l Infection in cattle by antigen sandwich ELISA in Mosul city, Iraq
Authors: Abdulazeez A. M. , Esmaeel S. A.
Published: August 2022

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is worldwide disease affecting both domesticated and wild ruminants However, it has a significant economic impact on animal industry. Bovine herpes virus 1 (BoHV-1) can infect different organs of an animal. The current work aims to investigate the prevalence of BoHV-l in cattle of Mosul city, Iraq. In this study, 184 animals 6 months – 2 years old, were sampled between October 2020 and March 2022. Plasma and nasal swabs were tested using of Sandwich ELISA test for the detection of BoHV-l antigens. Results indicated that the infection rate of BoHV-l in cows was 12/184 (6.5%). Results show that, there was no significant difference indicated among prevalence of the diseases concerning BoHV-1 in the respiratory, ocular, and reproductive forms, the sample type, whether plasma and nasal swabs, between native and imported breed (P≤0.05). Furthermore, a significant difference in the prevalence of BoHV-1 was detected in males more than in females 12/144 (8.3%), (P≤0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of BoHV-1 10/100 (10%) at 6-8 months of age (P≤0.05).
Alveolar gene expression of tight junction protein in nicotine rats treated with zinc and vitamin D
Authors: Hamady Jabbar Jassim , Al-Okaily Baraa Najim
Published: August 2022

The current study aimed to investigation the role of zinc and vitamin D in modulating alveolar response of nicotine stress as a model of mammals male Wistar rats. Thirty mature males werekept at 23 ± 2 C°, randomly assigned to five equal groups and treatment for 14 days, C = Control drenched vehicle without treatment, G1 = injected with i/p nicotine 1.5 mg/ kg b.w., G2 = administrated orally of zinc 60 mg/ kgb.w., G3 = administrated orally of vitamin D 250 µg/ kg b.w., G4 = administrated orally both of zinc and vitamin D with same doses stressed and nicotine 1.5 mg/ kgb.w.i/p. Rats were anesthetized with ketamine at the end of the treatment period with xylazine and blood samples have been collected from the optical vein for estimation of serum ferritin and transferrin, then animals were sacrificed and lung was removed and weighted.All groups of rats had lung samples extracted rapidly, dipped in DEPC solution, and frozen under liquid nitrogen for determination of tight junction protein ( TJP) gene expression by RT-PCR analyses. Nicotine-stressed rats treated with zinc and vitamin D (G4) havesignificant highly increased expression of alveolar tight junction protein when compared with nicotine group (G1).
Antibiogram and biofilm-forming capacity of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Anbar hospitals
Authors: Al-Hadethi Jinan S. Y. , Turki Ahmed Mohammed
Published: August 2022

In hospitals, Acinetobacter baumannii is considered one of the major pathogens due to its antibiotic and antiseptic resistance capacity thus it persists in a stressed environment and leads to nosocomial infections. Its persistence is influenced by biofilm development. This study looked at 60 A. baumannii isolates from four Iraqi hospitals. A significant distribution of biofilm-forming characteristics was identified among A. baumannii isolates obtained from several hospitals in this research. They determined the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of A. baumannii towards 13 different antibiotics (Imipenem, Meropenem, Colistin Sulfate, Doripenem, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Cefiderocol, Amikacin, Levofloxacin, Tobramycin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, and Piperacillin). The frequency of multidrug resistance (MDR) was found to be 58.3 % in the tested strains, while the frequency of extensively drug resistance (XDR) was found to be 31.6 %. 100% of the clinical isolates could form biofilms, with 6.6 % having weak biofilm formation ability, 86.6 % having moderate biofilm formation ability, and 6.6 %having high biofilm formation capacity.
new method for the determination of iron (II) in a pharmaceutical preparation using the color intensity (RGB) of a smartphone
Authors: Kadhim Hassan Hadi , Hussein Mustafa Abdulkadhim
Published: August 2022

In this research, a new method was used to determine the amount of iron in pharmaceutical, by using the color bio sensor of the smartphone device as bio sensor for the chromatic intensity of the samples images that are examined through a program (color meter) that is downloaded to the phone. An accessory for the mobile device is designed from plastic (black acrylic). In the form of a dark box from the inside equipped with a flow cell and a mirror reflecting the flash light emitted by the mobile device and a green filter complementing the red color, and a micro switch connected to a smartphone device via earphones, and the device is attached to the accessory by the device case. The calibration curve for this method was in the range of mg/L (1-8), the correlation coefficient (R2) was equal to (0.999), the limit of detection was in the amount of (0.2) mg/L, and the relative standard deviation (RSD%) for the concentration is (4) mg/L, for which the examination was repeated (10) times, and its value was (0.6 %), and the recovery value (Recovery%) was equal to (101.5 %).
A study on the role of Innovative Infrastructure Planning and Development in Sustainable Urban Development
Authors: Rath S. V.
Published: August 2022

It's common knowledge that cities are the future population hubs of the world, driving growth in national economies and job opportunities. In light of this, it is crucial that urban areas be made more productive, effective, efficient, and sustainable in order to foster fast economic growth and physical development. Every city needs a solid foundation of physical and social infrastructure to function smoothly and provide its residents a good standard of living. Accordingly, infrastructures have been seen as the pillars upon which the city's whole superstructure and fabric are woven. The lack of suitable facilities in most metropolitan places is primarily to blame for the poor quality of life and lower level of production that predominate there. It is important to provide basic infrastructure on an equal basis, especially to the lowest of impoverished inhabitants in metropolitan areas, since infrastructures play a crucial role in leveraging and accelerating the rate of socioeconomic growth. Maintaining the functionality and liveability of urban centres will depend on the development of self-sustaining infrastructures and the provision of efficient delivery mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to examine the fundamental challenges hindering the supply of such important and fundamental infrastructure in an urban setting, as well as some potential solutions to these concerns. Planned development, compact city design, realistic norms and standards, community participation, public-private partnerships, cutting-edge technology, and other solutions will all be examined in this paper from a critical and objective perspective.
A study on the concerns about the privacy of personally identifiable information in the context of information and communications technology use, the internet, and social media
Authors: Verma Santoshi
Published: August 2022

The development of information technology has led to a dramatic growth in the sophistication of web applications that can support the majority of the tasks performed by users. In this day and age, information and communication technologies have evolved into an essential component of our everyday lives. The vast majority of us are dependent on various forms of modern technology. Whether or not we agree, we cannot ignore the significant contribution that technology makes to our day-to-day lives. In addition to the utilisation of information and communication technologies (ICT), one other issue that we need to be aware of is the privacy problem, particularly in regards to the personal information. These days, we conduct the business of our daily lives through the use of internet transactions. With the help of ICT, we were able to include social networking into our day-to-day lives in the form of activities such as online banking, online gaming, and social media networking through platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, amongst others. In point of fact, we do expose our own personal information completely on our own volition and without bias. This article will discuss the ways in which the usage of information and communication technologies (ICT), the internet, and social networking sites affect privacy concerns around personal information.
A study on the exploring the Obstacles that Prevent the Growth of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Sri Lanka
Authors: Mohanti Radhika
Published: August 2022

As society looks for solutions promoting sustainable development, the relationship between innovation, entrepreneurship, and sustainable development is a topic of great importance today. In the context of sustainable development, social innovations also significantly contribute to the growth of sustainopreneurship. In light of the background, this study looks into the challenges Sri Lanka faces in fostering social innovation and sustainopreneurship. Data for the study were gathered through in-depth interviews with fifteen sustainopreneurs in Sri Lanka using the multiple case study technique. The study's findings point to a number of obstacles to the growth of social innovations and sustainopreneurship, including: a) competition from unsustainable firms; b) a lack of government backing; c) expensive costs; and d) people's attitudes about these types of ventures. This study adds to the literature on social innovations and sustainopreneurship due to the paucity of studies in this field. Practitioners and politicians can use the recommendations as important knowledge for future strategic changes.
Influence of Podcast In Improving Students’ Listening Skill of Senior High School
Authors: Saragih Dhea , Marpaung Anissa , Saragih Roselina Purnama Sari
Published: August 2022

This research was conducted with the aim of finding the influence of podcast in improving students’ listening skill, especially for senior high school students. The method in this research is qualitative research method, where researchers collected data through questionnaires filled by the students and short interviews with students. The subjects in this research were the students of class XI Mia 1 in SMA Swasta Assisi Siantar. Based on research that the researchers did, researchers found that podcast is a media that has effect on students’ learning processes, especially when studying listening skill. Podcast is one of the learning media that makes students interested and motivated to learn listening in English.
Improving Students’ Writing Ability through Small Group Discussion Technique
Authors: Septia Lara , Nurchurifiani Eva , Wahyuningsih Sri
Published: August 2022

This research aimed to improve students’ writing ability by using Small Group Discussion Technique. The subject of this research was the 8th B Grade of SMP Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung. It consisted of 30 students. This research used Classroom Action Research (CAR) method which was consisted of 2 cycles. In this research, the writer used test and non-test in collecting data. The test used in the research was formative and summative test. Meanwhile in non-test, the writer used field note and observation sheet. In analyzing data, this research used quantitative and qualitative data. Based on the result of the research, it found that there was an improvement in students’ writing ability after implementing Small Group Discussion. Refers to the result of the test, it showed that a number of students who get the score ≥75 is about 17 students with the percentage 56.70% in the first cycle. Meanwhile, it was better in the second cycle. In this cycle, a number of students who get the score ≥75 is about 22 students with percentage 73.30%. in the other hand, referring to the students’ attitude or behaviour to the lesson. It showed that there were some positive progression that supported them in mastering the lesson. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of Small Group Discussion is successful to improve students’ writing ability at the Eighth grade of SMP Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung.
The Design of China's Carbon Audit Framework and The Construction of The Implementation Path under the "Double Carbon" Goal
Authors: Li Wenjing , Guo Yali
Published: August 2022

Under the goal of "double carbon", carbon peaking and carbon neutral work has become the key task specified in the central economic conference. Based on this, this paper analyzes the current situation and obstacles of carbon audit development in China, constructs a carbon audit framework for the current situation and proposes the implementation path of carbon audit: firstly, a three-dimensional evaluation index system is constructed according to the current obstacles of carbon audit, in order to make carbon information flow smoothly, secondly, a coordination chain is constructed consisting of social, governmental and national audit institutions to link up and supervise the carbon emission of enterprises, and finally, the government gradually improves the carbon audit standard according to the problems in practice. Carbon audit standards, new standards can in turn stimulate the generation of new evaluation systems, until the entire carbon audit framework becomes scientifically unified; the implementation path is built around the carbon audit framework, divided into pre-audit stage, implementation stage, assurance stage, and follow-up audit stage.
Research on the Improvement Mechanism of Digital Cultural Tourism for Empowering Rural Revitalization under the Background of Epidemic Prevention and Control: A Case Study of Luniao Town in Hangzhou
Authors: Li Bangyan , Zhou Dan , Wu Yuhui , Xu Peng , Zhou Wenjing
Published: August 2022

Under the background of epidemic prevention and control, digital cultural tourism has been fully developed and applied. However, while digital cultural tourism has empowered rural revitalization in the context of the epidemic, its pain points have become increasingly prominent. This paper deeply analyzes the development of the digital cultural tourism project of Hangzhou Luniao Town- "Digital Wisdom Luniao", in order to draw the improvement mechanism of current digital cultural tourism to empower rural revitalization.
Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Specialized Villages in Henan Province
Authors: Xia Xing , Xu Yang , Wang Wei , Qiao Jiajun
Published: August 2022

The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is a major decision-making arrangement of the Party Central Committee and a new carrier to promote the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Specialized villages are a field that has received widespread attention in academic circles in recent years, and they play an important role in promoting the economic development of rural areas. This paper comprehensively uses buffer analysis, kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation analysis, Ripley's K function and other methods to describe the spatial distribution characteristics of specialized villages in Henan province, identify the influencing factors of the spatial differentiation of specialized villages, and reveal the spatial distribution of specialized villages. The results show that: (1) The distribution density of specialized villages in Henan province is 0.2784/km2, which shows the characteristics of "more in the north and less in the south, gathering in the north and scattered in the south". (2) The core density of specialized villages at the district and county scale in Henan province is worth the Moran index of 0.128, showing the characteristics of spatial agglomeration.
Study on the Current Situation of Red Culture Communication and IP Empowerment Enhancement Path in Suwanbei Area
Authors: Wu Yuna
Published: August 2022

The Soviet-Wan Chai border area provided valuable exploratory experience for the establishment and construction of new China, and contains a rich revolutionary spirit and the fine traditions of the Chinese nation. Therefore, it is important to disseminate and improve the effectiveness of the red culture of Suwanbeian District. From the perspective of animation IP communication, we propose suggestions in three aspects of IP image extraction and construction, development and operation, and communication and promotion to help the red culture of Suwanbeian District achieve better communication, in view of the problems in the current situation of red culture communication in Suwanbeian District.
Research on The Effect of Digital Finance on The Transformation and Upgrading of Residents' Consumption Structure
Authors: Li Yuxi , Zhao Guiyu , Qiang Yuntao , Wu Jibing
Published: August 2022

The effect of digital finance on the upgrading of China's resident consumption structure, at this stage of China's expansion of domestic demand, transformation and development of new momentum, economic shifting transformation is extremely important, can greatly improve the efficiency of capital allocation in the real economy, most scholars agree that digital finance can improve the consumption level of residents and optimize the consumption structure of residents, this paper from the perspective of reducing the consumption gap between urban and rural residents, narrowing the consumption gap of different income groups, breaking the consumption gap of different age groups to study the impact of digital finance on China's consumption structure.
How to Improve the Quality of System Usage for New Users: Evidence from A Chinese Enterprise Management System
Authors: Peng Yanhong
Published: August 2022

Based on the sense-making theory, this paper develops a theory-driven model from the perspective of new users to understand the impact and mechanism of different support structures on new users in the enterprise environment by reviewing the existing literature and scholars' research on new users' behavior in other fields. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) the system use behavior of new users positively influences their use quality;(2) the direct peer support structure in the network positively regulates the relationship between the use behavior of the new user system and its use quality;(3) the indirect support structure in the network negatively regulates the relationship between the use behavior of the new user system and its use quality.
Studies on Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. (shisham) mortality in arid zone of Haryana, India
Authors: Walia Amit , Kaushik J.
Published: August 2022

An extensive survey was made in arid zone of Haryana, India for recording symptoms of Dalbergia sissoo mortality and for collecting roots and rhizospheric soil samples from ten sites having declined Sissoo trees. Isolation of fungus Fusarium solani was done from roots and rhizospheric soil. The pathogencity tests of isolated fungus were conducted on Sissoo seedlings under different conditions. Wilting was most pronounced symptom associated with mortality in this area besides others like drying from top, oozing and debarking. All sites (except one) frequently yielded F. solani from root bits and rhizospheric soil depending on the location. The pre and post emergence damping off of Sissoo seedlings inoculated with F. solani proved pathogencity of isolated fungus. High humidity, heavy soil texture and more soil saturation were proved positively correlated with pathogencity of F. solani.
Modelling Weather Conditions Using Encoder-Decoder and Attention Based on LSTM Deep Regression Model
Authors:   Department of Statistics and Programming, Faculty of Economics, University of Tishreen, Tartous P.O. Box 7 2230, Syria, Alakkar Khder , Abotaleb Mostafa ,   Department of System Programming, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia, Badr Amr ,   Faculty of Science, School of Science and Technology University of New England, NSW Armidale, Australia, Kadi Ammar ,   Department of Food and Biotechnologies, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Al khatib A. M. Ghazi ,   Department of Banking and Insurance, Faculty of Economics, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic, Alshaib Bayan Mohamad Alshaib ,   Department of Banking and Insurance, Faculty of Economics, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic, El-kenawy El-Sayed M. El-kenawy ,   Department of Communications and Electronics, Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, 16 Mansoura, 35111, Egypt
Published: August 2022

In the rapidly evolving field of smart cities, the accurate prediction of weather patterns plays a crucial role in various industries such as agriculture, tourism, and socioeconomic development. This study utilizes Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) through advanced machine learning techniques, including Encoder-Decoder LSTM and Attention LSTM models, to analyze daily climatic weather data in the Narmadapuram district. The research investigated the future patterns of key weather parameters, including maximum temperature, minimum temperature, morning relative humidity, evening relative humidity, and bright sunshine hours. The study analyzed daily data collected between November 1, 1977 and April 30, 2022, with 80% used for training and 20% for testing. Results showed that the Encoder-Decoder LSTM model outperformed the Attention LSTM model in forecasting maximum temperature, morning relative humidity, evening relative humidity, and bright sunshine hours, while the Attention LSTM model had better results in predicting minimum temperature. The findings provide valuable insights into climatic patterns and variability and have implications for the development of more precise weather forecasting models. This study demonstrates the potential of AI and ML in addressing the challenges of smart cities and highlights the significance of machine learning techniques in weather forecasting, a critical aspect of urban operations and decision-making.
DETERMINATION OF A FIELD HOSPITAL LOCATION WITH MCDM TECHNIQUES FOR COVID-19 AND ANY OTHER PANDEMICS IN FUTURE
Authors: YÜCENUR G.nilay
Published: August 2022

This study was carried out to improve, develop and support the health services that are insufficient in the rapid virus spread between the European Union countries. In this study, it is aimed to determine the location of a field hospital that will serve the patients of the European Union countries, especially the population most affected by the pandemic, in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic and the possible pandemics that may occur. A multi criteria decision model was proposed with 5 main and 20 sub-criteria in order to determine the location of a potential field hospital and six candidate European Union countries were evaluated according to these sub-criteria. In the solution phase of the problem two multi-criteria decision making methods are used in a sequence, firstly the importance weights of the selection criteria were determined with SWARA method and secondly the alternative countries were evaluated and ranked with EDAS method.
Comparison of weather-based wheat yield forecasting models for different districts of Uttarakhand using statistical and machine learning Techniques
Authors: SETIYA PARUL , SATPATHI ANURAG , NAIN AJEET SINGH , DAS BAPPA
Published: August 2022

The prediction of crop yield before harvest is crucial for facilitating the formulation and implementation of policies about food safety, transportation cost, and import-export, storage and marketing of agro-products. The weather plays a crucial role in crop growth and development. Therefore, models using weather variables can provide reliable forecasts for crop yield and choosing the right model for crop production forecasts can be difficult. Therefore in the present study, an attempt was made to find the best model for wheat yield forecast by using five different techniques viz. Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (SMLR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), Elastic Net (ELNET) and Ridge regression. Historical wheat yield data (taken from the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare) and weather data of past 18-20 years were collected for seven different districts of Uttarakhand. Analysis was carried out by fixing 80% of the data for calibration and remaining dataset for validation. The present study concluded that the performance of ANN was good for crop yield forecasting as compared to the other models based on the value of RMSE (0.005 - 0.474) and nRMSE (0.166 - 26.171).
La enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas en el aula multigrado de primaria: Una caracterización
Authors: Parra Amaya Mayra Elizabeth , Rojas Velázquez Osvaldo Jesús
Published: August 2022

La enseñanza de las matemáticas en el aula multigrado está a cargo de un docente que es responsable de atender más de dos grados, simultáneamente. Estas escuelas multigrado se presentan debido a la necesidad de atender a los niños y niñas que, por lo general, viven en sectores rurales pequeños y aislados, con pocos recursos económicos y sin acceso a tecnologías; de ahí la importancia de ser muy creativos y recursivos en estos centros pedagógicos y lograr una formación digna e integrada para los estudiantes. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo realizar una caracterización del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas en el aula multigrado, mediante un enfoque de tipo cualitativo bajo la metodología del análisis documental. Para el estudio se han revisado documentos científicos desarrollados en los últimos 15 años, identificando aspectos asociados a la temática. Igualmente, se realizó un análisis a 18 entrevistas de educadores expertos en el aula multigrado y/o en la educación matemática, lo cual generó un aporte al proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Los resultados encontrados evidencian la falta de capacitación y orientación a los docentes multigrado, como el potencial que tienen estas aulas para el desarrollo del pensamiento matemático.
Midazolam But not Propofol for Sedation Impairs Long Term Spatial Memory in Mice
Authors: zar Agah , Araz Co , Erdem Remzi , Kayhan Zeynep
Published: August 2022

Aim and Background: Sedation may alter memory and learning. This study is designed to investigate the effects of short-acting sedative agents, propofol and midazolam, on learning and memory in mice.
Materials and Methods: Thirty male, adult Swiss-albino mice were randomly assigned into three groups as control, midazolam and propofol groups (n=10, for each). Experiments on learning and memory were started 72 hours after the intraperitoneal injections. Learning and short term memory development in mice were evaluated by Morris Water Maze conducted for five consecutive days, and on the 19th day long term memory formation was evaluated by the same experimental set up. Time for the mice to find the escape platform (latency), total distance covered and swimming speed were recorded and evaluated statistically.
Results: Propofol and midazolam administrations were found to increase the latency. In addition, midazolam was found to impair memory development, when compared to other two groups (p < 0,01). Swimming speed and distance covered as indicators of the motor activity decreased gradually from the beginning, however there was no statistically difference between the groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Use of midazolam and propofol prolonged the latency on the first three days. Midazolam was also found to affect the memory development negatively.
Comparison of glucose and lipid values in cord blood of newborns with small, normal and large birth weight according to gestational age
Authors: Tanriverdi Sema , Cetin Ebru
Published: August 2022

Objective: Fetal growth is a complex process influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Environmental factors such as glucose, lipids and amino acids play a role in growth of the fetus. Glucose, insulin and lipid levels in the cord blood can change the birth weight according to the gestational age of the newborn. The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between glucose, insulin and lipid levels in cord blood of newborns with small (SGA), normal (AGA) and large (LGA) birth weight according to gestational age.

Materials and Methods: 358 term newborns born in our hospital between January 2019 and January 2020 were included in the study. By looking at the weight percentile of the newborns, those with birth weight below the 10th percentile were considered as SGA newborns, those with birth weight of 10-90 percentiles as AGA newborns, and those with birth weight above the 90th percentile were considered as LGA newborns. Insulin, glucose, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels of umbilical cord blood were studied after delivery.

Results: Of 358 newborns included in the study, 27 (7.5%) were SGA, 312 (87.2%) were AGA, and 19 (5.3%) were LGA. The mean insulin, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride values of the newborns in all three groups were compared. Cord blood glucose value was found lower as significantly in newborns with SGA. There was not significant difference between cord blood insulin, cholesterol and triglyceride levels of SGA, AGA and LGA newborns.

Conclusion: In our study, significant correlation was found between birth weight and cord blood glucose and cholesterol levels.
Epidemiology and management of facial burns in a tertiary care hospital in the Himalayan region - Our Experience
Authors: nissar yawar , bashir lenah , baba umar , nissar khawar
Published: August 2022

Face is a core central feature of an individual. Facial burns are not uncommon and can be emergent conditions when associated with an inhalational component. Respiratory complications pose a challenge in initial resuscitation and ICU care. Inhalational burns increase mortality in all age groups. In our retrospective study we found that facial burns dominated in male gender, scald burns are the most common causes of facial burns followed by electric burns and superficial burns were common than deep burns. We came to the conclusion in our study that if mixed degree facial burns dont heal within 3 weeks, they should be skin grafted to prevent ugly contractures and hasten recovery.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Burns Prevention and Burn First Aid Among Medical Students of King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghamdi Lama , Alahmri Asma , Alshaibani Hissa , Alem Manal , Aloufi Nada , Hasanain Anhar , Yousuf Mawaddah , Alghamdi Badrah
Published: August 2022

Background: Burn first aid awareness and knowledge has been shown to be inadequate worldwide. Several reports demonstrate medical students and healthcare providers are not competent in burn first aid. Therefore, adequate burn first aid education should be considered as an essential aspect of the medical curriculum.
Objectives: We aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of medical students at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, towards burn prevention and its first aid. We also assessed the opinion of medical students for the need of first aid education in their curriculum.
Methods: We conducted a web-based survey among all-years medical students at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was adopted from another study with similar objectives. The survey consisted of 22 questions in two sections, sociodemographic and burn prevention and its first aid, along with an added question to assess students' preference towards traditional remedies. The data was collected between July and October 2019.
Results: Of 871 responses, 861 medical students fully completed the survey (mean age of 21.9 years ± 1.5 years; 56.7% males), yielding a response rate of 42.8%. 50.9% of the students scored as having fair knowledge. Higher level of knowledge was associated with females, burn injuries, and high family income. Alarmingly, 54.9% of the students agreed to use ice as a traditional remedy. And since the textbooks were the main source of information to medical students, 97.1% of them agreed for the need of first aid education as a part of their curriculum.
Conclusion: We report an alarming gap of knowledge of burn first aid and several misconceptions. We hope that our findings encourage educational institutions to assess medical school curricula to rectify a high competency level in burn first aid and prevention
OUTCOME OF LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY-SPILLAGE OF GALL STONES: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Kataria Ritu , Bangar Sahil , Attri Ankita , Singh Harsimran , Jassal Arshdeep
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Background: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is the most common abdominal procedure performed for Cholelithiasis. Various advances have been made in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures, yet its side effects still prevail. Most common being spillage of gallbladder contents in the peritoneal cavity during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Objectives: To compare adverse outcomes post laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients where spillage had occurred and in patients where it did not occur.

Methods: This Prospective study was conducted in 600 patients who underwent Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy at Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences ( PIMS), Jalandhar, Punjab, India. Patients were divided into two groups of 300 patients each. Group A (Spillage) where spillage of bile and stones occurred and Group B (Non spillage) where no spillage has occurred. Patients were in age group of 18 to 74 years. Exclusion of patients who were immunocompromised, patients on immunosuppressive therapy, patients with pre-operative fever, Diabetes mellitus and Choledocholithiasis and those converted to open cholecystectomy. We compared age, sex, adhesions, duration of surgery, duration of post-operative hospital stay, post-operative fever, leukocytosis, post-operative abdominal pain, port site infection, intra-abdominal abscess or chronic sinus or fistula formation. Follow up of patients was done up to 10 months.

Results: Results were significant in both groups considering age, sex, adhesions, duration of surgery, duration of hospital stay, post- operative fever, leukocytosis, port site infection and post-operative abdominal pain.

Conclusion: Complications as a result of gallbladder contents spillage into peritoneal cavity do occur infrequently. Every effort should be made to retrieve them. Immediate Laparotomy is not indicated. It is important that we remain vigilant about such a possibility of gallstone spillage during surgery.
BURST ABDOMEN: RELATED FACTORS AND POST-OPERATIVE CHALLENGE FOR SURGEONS
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Kataria Ritu , Bangar Sahil , Attri Ankita , Singh Harsimran , jassal Arshdeep
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Background: Burst abdomen is a post-operative dehiscence of the layers of abdominal wall including peritoneum with exposure of the intestines and is one of the most frustrating and difficult. Type of incision vertical or transverse, nature of surgery elective or emergency and postoperative complications affect the outcome of Laparotomy.

Objective: To find and evaluate effective management of abdominal wound dehiscence in elective and emergency Laparotomy and how to prevent and overcome its complications. This post-operative complication encountered by surgeon is always a challenge. The main concern is because of risk of evisceration and need to intervene and there is always a possibility of recurrence of dehiscence.

Patients and Methods: Our study was conducted in 310 patients who had undergone exploratory laparotomy at Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, Punjab, India . Out of 310 patients, 170 patients underwent emergency laparotomy and 140 were elective cases. They were managed either by midline vertical incision or transverse incision and outcome of results were analyzed for wound dehiscence.

Result: Most significant variation associated with wound dehiscence was with hypoproteinemia, anemia, chronic cough and emergency procedures. Pre-operative and post-operative etiological factors such as chronic cough, anemia, hypoproteinemia, diabetes, obesity, use of Steroids, wound infection, abdominal distension, bowel leaks, electrolyte imbalances are significantly responsible for the outcome of patients. Moreover, the hospital stay was too long in burst abdomen and this adds to the economic burden on patient. 3 patients developed incisional hernia which was managed after 6-8 months by Mesh Hernioplasty.

Conclusion: Midline Vertical incision is always the reason of choice in condition where quick access to intra-abdominal entry is required but transverse incision is a good access to intra-abdominal approach and the incidence of burst abdomen is less. Proper single or mass closure technique should be adopted and every effort should be made to minimize both pre-operative and post-operative risk factors.