bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A nationwide prospective multicenter study of external ventricular drainage: accuracy, safety, and related complications
Authors: Dakson Ayoub , Kameda-Smith Michelle , Staudt Michael D. , Lavergne Pascal , Makarenko Serge , Eagles Matthew E. , Ghayur Huphy , Guo Ru Chen , Althagafi Alwalaa , Chainey Jonathan , Touchette Charles J. , Elliott Cameron , Iorio-Morin Christian , Tso Michael K. , Greene Ryan , Bargone Laurence , Christie Sean D.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

External ventricular drainage (EVD) catheters are associated with complications such as EVD catheter infection (ECI), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and suboptimal placement. The aim of this study was to investigate the rates of EVD catheter complications and their associated risk factor profiles in order to optimize the safety and accuracy of catheter insertion.

METHODS

A total of 348 patients with urgently placed EVD catheters were included as a part of a prospective multicenter observational cohort. Strict definitions were applied for each complication category.

RESULTS

The rates of misplacement, ECI/ventriculitis, and ICH were 38.6%, 12.2%, and 9.2%, respectively. Catheter misplacement was associated with midline shift (p = 0.002), operator experience (p = 0.031), and intracranial length (p < 0.001). Although mostly asymptomatic, ICH occurred more often in patients receiving prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) (p = 0.002) and those who required catheter replacement (p = 0.026). Infectious complications (ECI/ventriculitis and suspected ECI) occurred more commonly in patients whose catheters were inserted at the bedside (p = 0.004) and those with smaller incisions (≤ 1 cm) (p < 0.001). ECI/ventriculitis was not associated with preinsertion antibiotic prophylaxis (p = 0.421), catheter replacement (p = 0.118), and catheter tunneling length (p = 0.782).

CONCLUSIONS

EVD-associated complications are common. These results suggest that the operating room setting can help reduce the risk of infection, but not the use of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Although EVD-related ICH was associated with LMWH prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis, there were no significant clinical manifestations in the majority of patients. Catheter misplacement was associated with operator level of training and midline shift. Information from this multicenter prospective cohort can be utilized to increase the safety profile of this common neurosurgical procedure.
Feasibility of lateral mass screw insertion in patients with the risky triad of C1: evaluation of the over-the-arch technique
Authors: Lee Hyung Rae , Lee Dong-Ho , Cho Jae Hwan , Hwang Eui Seung , Seok Sang Yun , Park Sehan , Lee Choon Sung
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and complications of the over-the-arch (OTA) technique for screw insertion into the C1 lateral mass in patients in whom conventional techniques (i.e., posterior arch [PA] and inferior lateral mass [ILM]) are not feasible due to 1) PA with a very small height (< 3.5 mm), 2) a caudally tilted PA blocking the inferior part of the C1 lateral mass, or 3) loss of height at the ILM (< 3.5 mm).

METHODS

The authors reviewed the medical records of 60 patients who underwent C1 screw fixation with the OTA technique (13 screws) and the PA/ILM technique (107 screws) between 2011 and 2019. Vertebral artery (VA) injuries, screw malposition, and bony union were radiologically assessed. Clinical outcome measures, including Neck Disability Index (NDI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scale score, and occipital neuralgia, were recorded.

RESULTS

Thirteen OTA screws were successfully inserted without any major complications. NDI and JOA scale scores did not show significant differences between the two groups at final follow-up. No VA injuries were recognized during screw insertion. There was no evidence of ischemic damage to the VA or bony erosion in the occiput or atlas. Medial wall violation was observed in 1 screw (7.7%); however, no C0–1, C1–2, or lateral wall violations were observed. No patients developed new-onset neuralgia postoperatively after C1 fixation with the OTA technique.

CONCLUSIONS

The OTA technique was safe and useful for C1 screw fixation in patients in whom conventional techniques could not be employed.
IgG4-related pachymeningitis masquerading as foramen magnum meningioma: illustrative case
Authors: Suisa Haggai , Soustiel Jean Francois , Grober Yuval
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition with potential multiorgan involvement. Common manifestations include autoimmune pancreatitis and retroperitoneal fibrosis. Pathological analysis reveals lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate rich in IgG4-positive cells and characteristic storiform fibrosis. Early treatment with glucocorticoids may prevent progression to poorly responsive fibrotic disease.

OBSERVATIONS

A 63-year-old female patient presented with reports of left-sided headaches, nausea, and photophobia in addition to recently diagnosed chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Neurological examination revealed dysarthria secondary to left hypoglossal nerve palsy. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a contrast-enhancing extraaxial mass at the left craniocervical junction, CRS with secondary hyperostotic reaction, and multiple hypodense lesions involving the occipital bone. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a dural-based lesion involving the foramen magnum and invading the left hypoglossal canal. The patient underwent a far-lateral craniotomy. Histopathological analysis revealed severe lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, storiform fibrosis and rich plasma-cell population positive for IgG4. Serum IgG4 was markedly elevated. Total-body CT showed no systemic involvement. The patient was diagnosed with IgG4-RD and was prescribed prednisone, with normalization of her IgG4 levels after 1 month.

LESSONS

IgG4-RD may mimic a variety of diseases, including skull-base meningiomas and CRS. Accurate diagnosis and expedited administration of steroids may prevent unnecessary interventions and progression to treatment-resistant fibrosis.
Increase in clivo-axial angle is associated with clinical improvement in children undergoing occipitocervical fusion for complex Chiari malformation: patient series
Authors: Marianayagam Neelan J. , Chae John K. , Hussain Ibrahim , Cruz Amanda , Baaj Ali A. , Härtl Roger , Greenfield Jeffrey P.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

The authors analyzed the pre- and postoperative morphometric properties of pediatric patients with complex Chiari malformation undergoing occipitocervical fusion (OCF) to assess clinical outcomes and morphometric properties that might influence postoperative outcomes.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors retrospectively reviewed 35 patients younger than 22 years with Chiari malformation who underwent posterior fossa decompression and OCF with or without endoscopic endonasal odontoidectomy at their institution (13 with and 22 without odontoidectomy). Clivo-axial angle (CXA), pB-C2, atlantodental interval, basion-dens interval, basion-axial interval, and canal diameter at the level of C1 were measured on preoperative and approximately 3-month postoperative computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The authors further stratified the patient cohort into three age groups and compared the three cohorts. The most common presenting symptoms were headache, neck/shoulder pain, and dysphagia; 80% of the cohort had improved clinical outcomes. CXA increased significantly after surgery. When stratified into those who showed postoperative improvement and those who did not, only the former showed a significant increase in CXA. After age stratification, the significant changes in CXA were observed in the 7- to 13-year-old and 14- to 21-year-old cohorts.

LESSONS

CXA may be the most important morphometric predictor of clinical outcomes after OCF in pediatric patients with complex Chiari malformation.
Soft Pneumatic Exoskeleton for Wrist and Thumb Rehabilitation
Authors: Syafeeq Lone Sa’aadat , Zainul Azlan Norsinnira , Kamarudzaman Norhaslinda
Published: December 2021

A huge population of the world is suffering from various kinds of disabilities that make basic daily activities to be challenging. The use of robotics for limb rehabilitation can assist patients to recover faster and reduce therapist to patient ratio. However, the main problems with current rehabilitation robotics are the devices are bulky, complicated, and expensive. The utilization of pneumatic artificial muscles in a rehabilitation system can reduce the design complexity, thus, making the whole system light and compact. This paper presents the development of a new 2 degree of freedom (DOF) wrist motion and thumb motion exoskeleton. A light-weight 3D printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) material is used to fabricate the exoskeleton. The system is controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller board that activates the relay to open and close the solenoid valve to actuate the wrist. It allows the air to flow into and out of the pneumatic artificial muscles (PAM) based on the feedback from the sliding potentiometer. The mathematical model of the exoskeleton has been formulated using the Lagrange formula. A Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller has been implemented to drive the wrist extension-flexion motion in achieving the desired set-points during the exercise. The results show that the exoskeleton has successfully realized the wrist and thumb movements as desired. The wrist joint tracked the desired position with a maximum steady-state error of 10% for 101.45ᵒ the set point.
Treatment of Bone Marrow Cancer Based on Model Predictive Control
Authors: Salajegheh Ehsan , Mojalal Sepide , Mojarrad Ghahfarokhi Ali
Published: December 2021

Bone marrow is a spongy tissue that contains stem cells that are found inside some bones, including the hip and femur. Bone marrow cancer is a type of cancer that is caused by stem cells that make up the blood cells in the bone marrow. Sometimes these cells grow too fast or abnormally, which is called bone marrow cancer. Bone tissue cells are mainly composed of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoblast cells constantly build new bone throughout the life of each bone, and other cells called osteoclasts constantly absorb pieces of bone, so the bone is constantly being renewed. In this paper, mathematical models of tumors, the effect of the body on the drug, and the drug on the body are introduced, and then the appropriate dose of the drug to reduce tumor density is calculated using the model predictive control (MPC) algorithm. To obtain an adaptive MPC strategy, the extended least squares (ELS) method developed to learn the parameters of the tumor growth model is used. Finally, the simulation in MATLAB, assuming the model is correct, shows that the tumor is gone, and the bone mass improves over a period of time. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for the treatment of bone marrow cancer.
Robust Global Synchronization of a Hyperchaotic System with Wide Parameter Space via Integral Sliding Mode Control Technique
Authors: A. Umoh Edwin , J. Tola Omokhafe
Published: December 2021

The inherent property of invariance to structural and parametric uncertainties in sliding mode control makes it an attractive control strategy for chaotic dynamics control. This property can effectively constrain the chaotic property of sensitive dependence on initial conditions. In this paper, the trajectories of two identical four-dimensional hyperchaotic systems with fully-known parameters are globally synchronized using the integral sliding mode control technique. Based on the exponential reaching law and the Lyapunov stability principle, the problem of synchronizing the trajectories of the two systems was reduced to the control objective of asymptotically stabilizing the synchronization error state dynamics of the coupled systems in the sense of Lyapunov. To verify the effectiveness of the control laws, the model was numerically tested on a hyperchaotic system with a wide parameter space in a master-slave configuration. The parameters of the hyperchaotic system were subsequently varied to evolve a topologically non-equivalent hyperchaotic system that was identically coupled. In both cases, the modeled ISM control laws globally synchronized the dynamics of the coupled systems after transient times, which sufficiently proved the invariance property of the ISMC. This study offers an elegant technique for the modeling of an ISMC for hyperchaotic coupling systems. As an open problem, this synchronization technique holds promises for applications in robot motion control, chaos-based secure communication system design, and other sensitive nonlinear system control.
O uso do geogebra para o ensino da parábola
Authors:   Universidade do Estado do Pará, Peyrerol Marc Santos
Published: December 2021

O presente livro aborda atividades de parábola com o uso do GeoGebra enquanto metodologia de ensino e caracteriza a elaboração de um Produto educacional vinculado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Matemática da Universidade do Estado do Pará-UEPA. O software GeoGebra será utilizado como uma ferramenta de auxílio na aprendizagem para que o aluno possa visualizar a parábola em diferentes registros e também para que perceba a relação existente entre a equação e o gráfico e visualize dinamicamente cada um de seus elementos, assim, o próprio aluno ao construir a parábola irá perceber por ele mesmo as suas propriedades. Ao trabalhar desta forma o professor estará em consonância com o artigo 36 da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) que trata do currículo do ensino médio no qual em seu inciso I cita que deve destacar a educação tecnológica básica além de citar no inciso II que deve ser adotada metodologias de ensino que estimulem a iniciativa dos estudantes. O livreto tem por objetivo propor uma metodologia de ensino com a finalidade de contribuir com professores do ensino básico que ministram o conteúdo de parábola sobre a ótica da geometria analítica. Na seção inicial apresentaremos algumas considerações históricas sobre as cônicas, desde Menaecmo (350 a.C) com o problema da duplicação do cubo até Apolônio com a sua obra prima, Secções Cônicas, finalizando com as descobertas de Kepler sobre a trajetória descrita pelo planeta Marte e Newton com a lei da atração universal. Na seção dois traremos o que dizem sobre a parábola na educação básica os seguintes documentos oficiais: Os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (2000), Os PCN + Ensino Médio (BRASIL, 2002), As Orientações Curriculares para o Ensino Médio de Matemática (2006) e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Na seção três vamos nos aprofundar no estudo matemático da parábola, para isso achamos importante trazer: a) A definição e os elementos principais da parábola, b) As formas canônicas ou reduzidas da parábola com vértice na origem, c) A translação de eixos, d) As formas canônicas ou reduzidas da parábola com vértice fora da origem, e) A propriedade refletora da parábola. 6 Na seção quatro mostraremos algumas aplicações da propriedade refletora da parábola, a exemplo, das antenas parabólicas, dos faróis de carro, das lanterna simples e dos fornos solares, além disso, destacaremos a parábola nas obras de Oscar Niemeyer, como a ponte Juscelino Kubitschek em Brasília, os arcos da Marquês de Sapucaí no Rio de Janeiro e a igreja da Pampulha em Belo Horizonte. Na seção cinco traremos a sequência de atividades de parábola com os seguintes tópicos: “conceituação da parábola”, “equações da parábola com vértice na origem e seus elementos principais”, “equações da parábola com vértice fora da origem e seus elementos principais”, “propriedade refletora da parábola”. Para cada tópico apresentaremos um conjunto de orientações didáticas direcionadas aos professores que forem utilizar a nossa sequência em suas aulas.
INVESTIGATION OF THE ENTRAINMENT OF FINE SIZED CALCITE AND CHROMITE PARTICLES BY A FLOTATION COLUMN WITH NEGATIVE BIAS REGIME
Authors: BİLİR Kemal
Published: December 2021

Negatively Biased Flotation Column (NBFC) is a tool, which is developed for the flotation of coarse-sized ores. Unlike the conventional flotation column, in this column, there is no froth zone and wash-water is usually not used. Therefore, hydrodynamically entrainment of fine-sized particles into the concentrate is possible, and this may result in a decrease in the grade or yield of the concentrate.

In this study, operating parameters that can affect the entrainment of fine-sized particles were investigated. Calcite with a grade of 99.4% (CaCO3) and chromite concentrates with a grade of 54.8% (Cr2O3) were used in the experiments. Parameters such as superficial water flowrate, particle size, air flow rate, frother dosage and particle density were used in the experiments. As a result of the experiments, it was determined that the amount of entrainment increased as the particle size and density decreased, and decreased with increasing superficial water flowrate, air flow rate and frother dosage.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ПЕДАГОГІКА ЯК НАВЧАЛЬНА ДИСЦИПЛІНА В СИСТЕМІ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ З ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЮ НАУКОЮ ТА ПРАКТИКОЮ ОСВІТИ (ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ)
Authors: Саяпіна Світлана , Гарань Наталія , Коркішко Олена
Published: December 2021

У статті зазначено, що внаслідок глобального характеру перетворень особливого значення набуває аналіз світового досвіду розвитку освіти, виявлення основних тенденцій і закономірностей, позитивних і негативних аспектів, форм і способів взаємозбагачення національних педагогічних культур, реалізації гуманістичних принципів освіти. У цьому контексті зростає значення порівняльно-педагогічних досліджень, порівняльної педагогіки як науки, яка на межі тисячоліть стала активно розвиватись в Україні. Констатовано, що підвищення якості викладання педагогічних дисциплін у вищій школі передбачає дослідження особливостей порівняльної педагогіки як навчальної дисципліни, що формується в системі взаємозв’язків із педагогічною наукою та практикою освіти (як функції соціуму). Доведено, що взаємозв’язок порівняльної педагогіки як навчальної дисципліни з педагогічною наукою та соціальною практикою здійснюється на рівні компонентів: аспекти аналізу наукової дисципліни йскладники соціальної практики виконують певну функцію щодо компонентів навчальної дисципліни. Зміст навчальної дисципліни визначається сукупністю теорій досліджуваної науки, традиційним і інноваційним практичним досвідом викладача, особистим досвідом здобувачів у галузі досліджуваної наукової дисципліни.
ІНТЕРАКТИВНІ МЕТОДИ НАВЧАННЯ, ЯК ОДИН ІЗ ШЛЯХІВ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ ПІЗНАВАЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ НА УРОКАХ МАТЕМАТИКИ В СТАРШІЙ ШКОЛІ
Authors: Беседін Борис , Беседіна Ірина , Гайдар Сергій
Published: December 2021

Стаття присвячена педагогічній проблемі вивчення та розробці теоретико-практичних основ активізації пізнавальної діяльності на уроках математики в старшій школі шляхом впровадження інтерактивних методів навчання. Суть застосування інтерактивних методів навчання полягає в відмові від традиційних методів взаємодії з учнями, де процес навчання не передбачає взаємодію учнів між собою підчас проведення уроку, і переходу до нових, де кожний учасник навчального процесу є її активним учасником.

Важливою проблемою в сучасній освіті залишається питання урізноманітнення навчального процесу, активізації пізнавальної діяльності учнів, розширення сфери їх інтересів. Урок математики важкий для сприймання у більшості учнів, через що знижується зацікавленість до предмету. Тому проблема активізації пізнавальної діяльності на уроках математики є однією з найактуальніших.

Пізнавальна активність учня – інтегральне утворення особистості, яке складається з мотиваційного, операційного та результативного компонентів і має свої особливості, а саме: пізнавальну потребу особистості, прояв інтелектуальної ініціативи, вихід особистості за межі даної діяльності за власним бажанням.

Важливою стороною проблеми активізації навчально-пізнавальної діяльності є, перш за все, соціальний аспект. Потяг до знань, високу пізнавальну активність і уміння самостійно працювати над собою потрібно розвивати й виховувати у школі. Успішне розв’язання цього завдання створює надійні передумови для глибокого та міцного оволодіння навчальним матеріалом, забезпечуючи умови для наступної систематичної роботи учнів над собою, практичну реалізацію ідеї неперервної освіти та самоосвіти.

Велике значення мають також психолого-педагогічні передумови розв’язання зазначеної проблеми. Оновлення змісту освіти, приведення її у відповідність до сучасних потреб особистості й суспільства потребує постійного вдосконалення процесу навчання. У системі навчальних занять широке застосування повинні знайти найбільш ефективні методи і прийоми організації навчання. Учень не буде виявляти розумової напруги, настирливості у навчанні, не зможе усвідомити і опрацювати матеріал, що вивчається, якщо не відчуває потреби у його засвоєнні. Ось чому все більшого значення набувають інтерактивні методи роботи з учнями. Новітні підходи до організації навчання роблять навчально-виховний процес різноманітним, цікавим та ефективним, а нaйкориснішим у такому навчанні є те, що матемaтика починає подобатиcя.
Annual and Seasonal Trends of Solar Radiation in Athens, Greece
Authors: Harry D. Kambezidis
Published: December 2021

This study deals with the solar radiation levels recorded at the Actinometric Station of the National Observatory of Athens, focusing on the trends of the global and diffuse horizontal irradiances in the period of 1992-2017 (26 years). The analysis shows that the annual global radiation time series over Athens in the above period presents a positive trend (+0.40%/decade and +2.38%/decade for all and clear skies, respectively), while its diffuse counterpart shows negative trend (-5.19%/decade and -6.77%/decade for the same sky conditions, respectively) during the same period. Also, the seasonal trends of both solar radiation components are examined. The global horizontal radiation shows positive trends in summer (+1.85%/decade and +2.10%/decade under all and clear skies, respectively), while a negative trend is calculated in the winter season (-2.46%/decade and -1.99%/decade for the same sky conditions, respectively). In the case of the diffuse solar radiation there are found negative trends in both seasons and both sky conditions. These findings confirm a recovery in the solar radiation levels over Athens in the recent 26 years.
Solar Energy in Cuba: Current Situation and Future Development
Authors: Jorge Morales Pedraza
Published: December 2021

Cuba, a small island in the Caribbean Sea with a total land area of 109.884 km2 and a population of around 11.423 million, has no significant proved oil, gas and coal reserves. Also use, in a very limited manner, some of the four main renewable energy sources available in the country for electricity production, generating just 50,1 GW/h or 4,04% of the total electricity consumed in 2015 (20.288 GW/h). In 2016, electricity consumption fell to 15.182 GW/h; this means a reduction of 25% in comparison to 2015. In 2016, the participation of renewable energy sources in the energy mix of the country reached 4,65%.
The different renewable energy sources available in the country are hydropower, wind power, solar photovoltaic, and bioenergy. In 2015, out of Cuba’s total 566 MW of renewable energy capacity installed, 83% of the total was in the bioenergy sector. In 2016, the renewable energy capacity installed in the country reached 642 MW.
According to the decision adopted by the Cuban government, the participation of renewable energy sources in the energy mix of the country should reach 24% in 2030, an increase of almost 20% compared to the level reported in 2016. Among the different renewable energy sources available in the country, solar energy is one of the main contributors to the national energy system, and also one of the leading supplier of energy to independent users all over the country.
Behavior of Two Foundry Cobalt-Based Alloys Exposed to a Hot Complex Gaseous Mixture Simulating the Atmosphere in a Waste-to-Energy Boiler. Part 1: Case of the Alloy Exposed to the Complex Gas Stream
Authors: Lionel Aranda  , Thierry Schweitzer  , Patrice Berthod  , Christophe Rapin  , Didier Souchon  , Fares Maad  , Jean-Michel Brossard
Published: December 2021

The refractory materials required for waste-to-energy boilers endure severe working conditions, such as exposure to heat and hot oxidation / corrosion. Thanks to their high temperature properties cobalt-based alloys may respond to these properties requirements. In this work two model alloys based on cobalt and rich in chromium were elaborated by casting and samples were prepared by cutting and polishing. These samples were exposed, one to a hot complex gaseous mixture particularly aggressive reproducing the atmosphere in WtE boilers in service (presence of water vapor, di-oxygen, carbon di-oxide, hydrogen chloride), and the other to synthetic ashes, both for more than two hundreds hours. After test the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and SEM observations. On sample exposed to the complex gas stream a {10 to 15μm}-thick oxide scale formed on the surface of the sample exposed to the gas mixture. It involved all the elements of the alloy and it obviously developed both inwards and outwards as suggested by the position of the oxidized carbides.
Road as a desiring machine: The development of Lintas Bono Road and social transformation in Kampar Peninsula, Riau
Authors: Hidayat Fahri
Published: December 2021

There is much research on the impact of infrastructure development, especially roads in Indonesia. This in general only focuses on the social transformation based on the economic changes of the community. These research show the social transformation as the impact of the road infrastructure development projects goes beyond economic changes. Using the perspective of a critical study of development anthropology, the author discusses the impact of Lintas Bono Road infrastructure development project in Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province to the social transformation of the surrounding communities. This study used an ethnographic method to conduct observations and interviews with the stakeholders and communities around the Lintas Bono Road infrastructure development project. This project, which develops by the Kampar River flow, has opened road access to many coastal villages of Kampar River. This condition has triggered changes in public transportation modes, trade patterns for agricultural products, ethnic composition, and the land tenurial system in affected villages. The fact that the construction of this road has not been completed after seventeen years does not make the community reject this development. The shortcomings and failures of these developments have actually made the development of this road as a "desiring machine" for the community to continue to achieve their development dreams.
Spirulina, wakame or goji berries do not lower markers of low-grade systemic inflammation in healthy subjects
Authors: Driessche Jose J. Van den , Mensink Ronald P. , Plat Jogchum
Published: December 2021

Introduction: We have earlier reported that consumption of the algae spirulina (Arthrospira platensis or maxima) and wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) for 17 days, and a single dose of goji berries (Lycium barbarum) did not affect fasting or postprandial CVD risk markers in healthy subjects. However, evidence is increasing that low-grade systemic inflammation is also an important marker for CVD risk. Based on information from in vitro and animal studies, we hypothesize that both consumption of the algae spirulina and wakame as well as a single dose of goji berries lowers markers for low-grade inflammation.   Methods: Two randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trials were performed. In the algae study, 35 non-hypercholesterolemic, healthy subjects consumed 4.8 grams of spirulina, wakame or placebo for 17 days, separated by 14-day washout periods. After 17 days, fasting serum TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, and hsCRP concentrations were measured. In the goji berry study, 17 healthy, overweight men received a mixed meal with or without 25 grams of dried goji berries. Before and up to 4 hours after meal intake, serum concentrations of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-8 were measured.       Results: Consumption of spirulina or wakame did not affect serum concentrations of TNFα, IL-6, IL-8 or hsCRP. In the goji berry study, serum IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations increased postprandially. For IL-8, these increases were more pronounced after the goji berry meal compared to the control meal (P = 0.003). No effects on TNFα were observed. Conclusion: 17 days of spirulina or wakame consumption, or a single dose of goji berries did not lower markers of low-grade systemic inflammation in healthy, non-immunocompromised subjects. It is plausible that anti-inflammatory effects of these interventions can only be expected in subjects with an inflammatory risk.Keywords: spirulina, wakame, goji berries, low-grade systemic inflammation, cytokines
POTRET KEHIDUPAN KOMUNITAS PUNK (STUDI KASUS ANAK PUNK DI LAPANGAN SAMBER KOTA METRO)
Authors: Karim Hamdi Abdul
Published: December 2021

The research objective: The portrait of the life of the punk community (a case study of punk children in the samber field of Metro City) is to describe the family, socio-cultural and religious life of the punk community in the samber field of Metro city. This research is a qualitative study using a descriptive approach as the main frame of mind. In this study, observation, interviews and documentation as data collection methods. The informants of this research were punk kids who were in the samber field in Metro city. The results of the research, researchers found that there were characteristics of punk children from the community in the samber field when viewed from the way they appeared. Nan not all punk kids in the samber field understand the symbols of the clothes and appearance symbols they use. The punk kid who was in the samber field in Metro City was also from outside the Metro. The motivation for children to enter the punk community is to seek a free life without being regulated by inherent norms and restrain individuals. In addition, there are also those who join the punk community because of the condition of a broken home family, The role of the family is very important in shaping a child's personality. Then the socio-cultural conditions and the condition of a superficial understanding of religion in a person can also influence it.
MODERASI BERAGAMA SEBAGAI JALAN DAKWAH MAYORITAS MUSLIM PADA MINORITAS NON MUSLIM
Authors: Sugianto Sugianto , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

This study discusses the expression of religious moderation of the majority (Muslim) group against the minority group (non-Muslim) in Rama Puja Village, East Lampung. In addition, the purpose of this study is to produce a formulation of the ideal and appropriate expression of Religious Moderation for Islamic societies that live in plural and multicultural social conditions. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with data collection methods through interviews, participant observation and documentation. In analyzing the data, the researcher applied a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The expected results of the research are: the expression of religious moderation of the majority group against the minority of Rama Puja Village, East Lampung, manifested in political expressions, expressions of worship and expressions of social activities. On the basis of these findings, it can be used as a role model in religion, especially the majority against minority groups.
SAFE APPROACH IN LEGAL REGULATION OF INFORMATION RELATIONS
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Veselov Mykola , Rekunenko Tetyana ,   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Volkova Daria ,   National University "Odesa Law Academy"
Published: December 2021

Due to the process of informatization, systemic changes are taking place, according to which all spheres of activity of state institutions, all segments of society, and each individual are included in the global information space. This determines the need to ensure the reliability and security of information relations, which is achieved in particular through the mechanism of effective and strategic legal regulation. Information security in the conceptual and key legal documents of many states is seen as an important component of national security. New challenges to security and human rights in the field of information relations generate pressing issues that need further scientific study and solution. The article contains a compilation of views available in modern science on the understanding of basic concepts: "information", "information relations", "information security", as well as basic approaches to formulating the definition of information security. Due to the combination of general scientific and special methods of cognition, in particular dialectical, formal-legal, comparative analysis and synthesis, the publication substantiates the importance and specificity of the "security" approach in regulating information relations to achieve information security in the country. This approach is that, providing a legal assessment and, including certain public relations related to the circulation of information in the regulatory sphere, the legislator and other subjects of rule-making together with relevant professionals should pre-conduct a "safe" examination to identify and predicting all possible threats to the information security that may arise or already de facto exist in practice. The results of such expert research should be taken into account when choosing methods and forms of legal regulation of existing and new information relations. Information sphere and its separate elements make it possible to indirect influence on social, economic, political, spiritual and other spheres of life of human society. Therefore, the fact that does not require additional proof is that information security is a guarantee of providing other components of state security and national security as a whole.
ETHICS OF PUBLIC OFFICER AS A MEANS OF ANTI-CORRUPTION
Authors:   Bogdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, Kozar Yurii
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the concept of corruption, which is contained in the legislation of Ukraine, substantiates the inexpediency of considering this concept in the narrow sense, that is in the exclusively criminal law, and suggests ways to improve it. It is noted that the proposed methods should be based on international experience. It is analyzed what forms of illegal acts are included in the concept of corruption and it is proposed to expand this list by including such forms as "request to provide", "possession", "misuse" or "acquisition". It is indicated at what stages the control over observance of ethical requirements of behavior in the sphere of public administration of Ukraine should be carried out. The connection between the level of ethics of public officer and the level of corruption is substantiated. The article also analyzes the international law on corruption and the ethics of public officers. In particular, attention is paid to the Recommendations of the Council of Europe. It is noted which international anti-corruption instruments have been ratified by Ukraine. The article also deals with the activities of Ukraine in the Organization for Economic and Social Development. Attention is paid to the experience of other countries in anti-corruption, special attention is paid to the regulation of public officers’ ethics in these countries. The experience in anti-corruption in the least corrupt countries of the world, Denmark, New Zealand, and Finland, is described. The process of introducing programs to improve the level of ethics in the system of executive power in the United States is analyzed. The US legislation in this area is described. It is emphasized that in this country there are special procedures for resolving cases of ethical violations in the civil service and mechanisms for enforcement of rules governing ethical conduct, in particular through the activities of authorized bodies. The need to expand the scope of corruption to non-state institutions is substantiated.
PREVENTION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES COMMITTED AGAINST FOREIGNERS AS AN OBJECT OF CRIMINOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Authors:   National Academy of Internal Affairs, Chkheidze Hela
Published: December 2021

The article describes the migration processes that significantly affect crime, outlines the current state and the main trends of this phenomenon; the complex of questions concerning etiological and phenomenological features and regularities of commission of criminal offenses concerning foreigners in Ukraine is considered; study of the nature, tendencies and features of victimization and victimhood of foreigners; prevention of such illegal actions. A set of theoretical and practical issues related to the development of organizational and legal measures to combat crime against foreigners is covered. Foreigners are a specific object for criminological research. They are less likely than nationals to commit crimes, but are more likely to be victims of criminal encroachment. In 70 % of criminal offenses against foreigners there are pronounced victimogenic factors. Considering the peculiarities of the processes of victimization and victimization of foreign citizens in Ukraine, it is worth talking about the existence of a victim-generating multifactorial complex, which determines the specifics of such encroachments, based on the characteristics of victim status at both individual and group levels. The specificity of the process of victimization of foreigners is due to the specifics of its status, which is the most victimized and is characterized mainly by a low level of education; awareness of being abroad or staying illegally in the host country; ignorance of the requirements of the current legislation of the host country; language barrier; low sense of social justice and self-esteem; group and individual conformity in an anonymous way of life; ethnopsychological features; distrust of state bodies; social maladaptation of the individual. Such factors determine the specifics of the process of individual and group victimization. Implementation of scientific and developed methods, the study of victims of crimes and victimological prevention of crimes is, of course, not the only way of practical application of victimological knowledge.
HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY REGULATION IN GALICIA AS A PART OF AUSTRIA AND AUSTRO-HUNGARY (1772–1918)
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Boiko Ihor
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the features of the legal regulation of intellectual property in Ukraine, in particular in the Ukrainian lands of Austria and Austria-Hungary (1772-1918). The author shows that the main source of legal regulation of civil relations, in particular intellectual property, in Galicia as part of Austria and Austria-Hungary (1772–1918) was the Austrian Civil Code of 1811. Property rights under the Austrian Civil Code of 1811 were the right of ownership, the right of possession, the right to pledge, and easements. The author highlights that things were divided into corporeal, disembodied, movable and immovable, used and unused, with price and without price. The bodily things were those perceived by the sense organs. Disembodied things included, first of all, property rights - the right to fish, hunt, and so on. It is shown that in the Austrian Empire for the first time the provisions on the legal regulation of intellectual property were provided for in the Civil Code of 1811 (Articles 1164‒1170). The author shows that the Austrian legal acts of 1846 for the first time regulated the free use of works, including the right of translation, citation. According to the law of 1846, the artist had to reserve the right of reproduction and exercise it for 2 years under the threat of losing his rights. It is emphasized that the presence of Western Ukrainian lands in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, in comparison with the previous period of the Commonwealth, contributed to the spiritual progress of the Ukrainian nation, intensified cultural and artistic processes in Ukrainian lands. The author reveals that an important and new normative act in the field of intellectual property regulation was the Austrian Copyright Act for works of literature, art and photography, adopted on December 26, 1895. Attention is focused on the fact that the development of industrial property rights was carried out under the influence of economic development, which in the western Ukrainian lands as part of Austria was slower than in the economically developed regions of Austria, and thus - Austria-Hungary. It is concluded that the development of legal regulation of intellectual property in Galicia as part of Austria and Austria-Hungary (1772-1918) formed a certain experience, which was characterized by the specification of objects, subjects, the definition of intellectual property, the consolidation of copyright and their defense in court.
STATE-CHURCH RELATIONS IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMY: CONCEPTUALITY AND PROBLEMS
Authors:   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Bochkov Pavlo
Published: December 2021

The article highlights the meaning and legal status of state-church relations, reveals their content and draws attention to the problems that accompany them. Identifies certain aspects of economic relations in the activities of religious organizations and establishes the features of their relationship with the legal policy of the state. Attention is paid to the types of problematic issues of economic activity of representatives of religious organizations and the directions of their elimination are determined. The author's position on the expediency of expanding the clear apparatus of this process by introducing the category of "economic and legal regulator of state-church relations" is presented. The essential characteristics of the proposed conceptual category are presented in a broad and narrow sense, which provides a more substantive implementation in the legislative regulators of this area. The advantages of its adaptation in modern state-church relations, which affect economic activity, are determined in detail, with the substantiation of the chosen approach. The characteristics of typical models of state-church relations are given, the factors influencing their choice in the country are determined and the position of scientists on expediency of adaptation in Ukraine of the concept of formation of contractual-cooperative multilevel model of state-church relations is revealed. Of course, one should be aware of the legislator, who reveals the legal position on the formation of state-church relations in our society, but some issues of economic activity of religious organizations and communities need more substantive regulation, which emphasizes the relevance of the chosen area of research. A number of conclusions can be drawn from the results of the research. The legislative platform governing state-church relations needs to be improved, as there are a number of unresolved issues related to economic relations. Part of the solution to the problematic issues lies in the plane of improving the conceptual apparatus, which is able to more objectively reveal their target nature. Thus, the introduction of the conceptual category "economic and legal regulator of state-church relations" will provide more substantive. In general, a number of issues of modern state-church relations in the context of economic activity require closer attention both from the legislator and from representatives of the church, scientific elites, specialists in economic activities of religious organizations (communities), which together will improve the situation inherent in today.
PROBLEMS OF LABOR LAW FORMATION IN THE FRAMEWORK OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors:   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Kotova Liubov , Tiutiunnyk Victoria ,   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University
Published: December 2021

European labor law as a supranational law of the member states of the European Union is interesting to consider its "pros" and "cons", which should be taken into account when reforming Ukrainian labor legislation. The article studies the main provisions of European labor law and the dynamics of changes in European labor law. Ukrainian labor law is national, European labor law is supranational in nature and is binding on any EU member state. The competence of the EU is delimited from the competence of the Member States, the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality are applied. The EU can only act within the limits agreed by the Member States. Labor law at the national level is formed independently by the state, the EU complements national legislation, primarily on the health of workers, working conditions, protection of workers in dismissal. Initially, European labor law was conceived as one of the tools for creating a common market that promotes gradual unification, dictated by economic integration and the political context. Then the European social model began to develop through the harmonization of national legislation to which the social partners are "tied". The process is carried out through the consolidation of fundamental social rights at the EU level, as well as through the use of flexible methods aimed at the approximation of national laws. EU labor law, like Ukrainian labor law, complies with all the basic principles and provisions of international labor law. To date, Ukraine has ratified 70 The International Labor Organization (ILO) conventions. Acts of EU law have supremacy over national law. Even if a state does not bring national legislation into line with the directive, its violation can be challenged in an EU court. Judges of national courts are in some cases directly required to seek interpretation of European law in the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg. In the article we consider the legal regulation of major issues in the field of labor: labor protection, an employment contract, working hours, leisure time, wages, protection of personal data of employees and social partnership.