bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hippocampal subfield alterations and working memory in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Tuura Ruth , Ehrler Melanie , Naef Nadja , Schmid Alenka , Koch Felicitas , Callaghan Fraser , Kretschmar Oliver , Latal Beatrice
Published: August 2024

Reduced hippocampal volumes are associated with working memory impairments in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). However, the volumes of individual hippocampal subfields are largely unexplored in the context of different working memory domains in CHD. In 57 children with complex CHD and 82 age-matched control children, the CHD group showed smaller hippocampal subvolumes, particularly for the hippocampal tail, and poorer verbal and spatial working memory scores, which were differentially related to the hippocampal subvolumes. In addition, hippocampal volumes in cyanotic CHD were significantly smaller than in acyanotic CHD, supporting the link between hypoxia, hippocampal damage, and memory impairment.
Age-Agnostic, Unsupervised Segmentation of Infant Brains using Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting
Authors: Adams Richard , Yap Pew-Thian , Ma Dan
Published: August 2024

Brain segmentation is challenging in infants, as rapid changes to tissue properties and shapes during developmental growth make atlas-based modeling difficult. We use MRF-derived image features and density-based clustering to segment 2D brain slices from subjects without assumptions about subject age, brain shape, or image intensity. Segmentations from the proposed method closely match SPM without needing different atlases for subjects of varying ages. With flexible assumptions about the number of tissues present in an image, the proposed method identifies additional tissues such as CSF partial volume voxels and neonatal myelination that are not segmented by atlas-based approaches.
Attention network dysconnectivity and impaired visual search in individuals with early developmental brain injury
Authors: Drottar Marie , Manley Claire , Merabet Lotfi , Bauer Corinna
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the relationship between structural and functional disconnectivity of the dorsal and ventral attention networks and performance on a visual conjunction search task in individuals with early developmental brain injury (EDBI). Individuals with EDBI performed significantly worse than controls on the conjunction search task, as indicated by increased mean search time, higher y-intercept, and increased search time as a function of task difficulty (i.e. steeper slope). Each of these behavioural outcomes was positively correlated with connectivity measures in the dorsal and ventral attention networks, suggesting that aberrant functional and structural connectivity may underlie the observed visual search impairments.
Quantitative relaxometry assessment of brain microstructural abnormality of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder by Synthetic MRI
Authors: Li Shuangyu , Zhao Xin , Lu Lin , Guo Jinxia , Xing Qingna , Sun Yongbing , Xuan Desheng , Zhang Xiaoan
Published: August 2024

Quantitative T1/T2 relaxometry can be simultaneously generated from Synthetic MRI (SyMRI) in one single scanning and short time. This study aims to use SyMRI to evaluate the brain structural changes in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and the correlation between T1/T2 and ASD scores, as well as the diagnostic efficacy. We found that Synthetic T1 and T2 could be helpful for brain abnormity assessing, pathophysiological mechanism understanding and diagnosis of ASD.
Characterizing the Network Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder using Structural and Functional Imaging
Authors: Slepneva Natalya , Norbu Tenzin , Morrison Melanie , Lee Andrew Moses
Published: August 2024

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a treatment for severe, refractory OCD. We conducted post-operative DTI imaging to characterize structural connectivity from DBS electrodes. We also conducted fMRI during stimulation ON/OFF studies to elucidate the impact of DBS on functional networks in therapeutic and non-therapeutic configurations. In preliminary analysis, we find that therapeutic contacts are structurally connected to components of the OCD circuit in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), caudate, and thalamus. We also identified suppression in this cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit during therapeutic DBS ON vs OFF, suggesting DBS therapy operates by inhibiting the OCD network.
Evaluation of the effect of microbiota on brain neural fiber bundles in germ-free common marmosets by structural connectome analysis
Authors: Tokisugi Chika , Seki Fumiko , Komaki Yuji , Inoue Takashi , Hata Junichi
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to investigate the brain–gut correlation in common marmosets. We examined germ-free (GF) common marmoset in terms of brain connectivity between brain regions using magnetic resonance imaging. We performed three-dimensional diffusion-weighted imaging, generated whole-brain tractography, and created connectome weighted by mean fractional anisotropy (FA). We compared the difference between GF and control. In GF mice, mean FA between regions showed little difference; however, these were reduced in common marmoset compared with conventional ones. Studying the effect of microbiota on common marmoset brain might capture primate-specific characteristics and would help in exploring the microbiota effects on the human brain.
Increased T1w MRI-based brain age in chronic migraine patients
Authors: Navarro-González Rafael , García-Azorín David , Guerrero Ángel L. , Planchuelo-Gómez Álvaro , Aja-Fernández Santiago , de Luis-García Rodrigo
Published: August 2024

Brain-age is an emerging neuroimaging biomarker that represents the aging status of the brain using machine learning techniques from MRI data. It has been successfully applied to the study of different neurological and psychiatric conditions. We hypothesize that patients with migraine may show an increased brain age gap (difference between the age estimated from the MRI data and the chronological age). After building a brain age model from 2,781 healthy subjects, we tested this hypothesis on a dataset with 210 healthy controls and migraine patients. Results showed an increased brain age in chronic migraine patients with respect to healthy controls.
Reproducibility of 13C labeling of glutamate and glutamine in human brain using selPOCE MRS at 7T upon [U-13C]-labeled glucose infusion
Authors: Ahmadian Narjes , Jacobs Sarah , Gosselink Mark , van der Kemp Wybe , Hoogduin Hans , Coppoli Anastasia , Mason Graeme , de Graaf Robin , Norouzizadeh Helia , Mahon Chantal , van Marle Sjoerd , van Eijsden Pieter , Cerneus Dirk , Miller Corin , De Lepeleire Inge , Basile Anthony , Klomp Dennis , Prompers Jeanine , Wiegers Evita
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to assess the reproducibility of ﻿a selective proton-observed, carbon-edited (selPOCE) MRS sequences for the detection of glutamate/glutamine cycling at 7T in healthy participants. Participants were scanned twice while undergoing [U-13C] glucose infusion. The time course of Glu C45 and Gln C45 labeling were similar for test-retest measurements. This supports the application in future studies on measuring neuroenergetics and neurotransmitter cycling.
The effect of elevated serum lactate on measures of apparent cerebral metabolism and perfusion in the anesthetised rodent brain.
Authors: McGing Jordan , Radford-Smith Daniel , Healicon Richard , Rooney Catriona , Shinozaki Ayaka , Deen Surrin , Seow Tricia , Ball Vicky , Zaccagna Fulvio , Smart Sean , Anthony Daniel , Tyler Damian , Grist James
Published: August 2024

It is unclear how serum lactate perturbations influence the quantification of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolism using proton perfusion imaging and hyperpolarized 13C MRI. Low dosage L-lactate injection increased CBF and cerebral LDH flux, whilst high dosage lactate decreased CBF and maintained the increased LDH flux, relative to saline administration. Lactate administration did not alter apparent oxidative metabolism. This suggests the efficacy of probing oxidative metabolism with 13C MRI when alterations in serum lactate are present (e.g. in pathology). But highlights the requirement for serum lactate measurement prior to interpretation of 13C metabolic data.
7T MRI and CSF correlates of brain iron accumulation, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in Huntington's Disease: Study Protocol
Authors: van de Zande Nadine , Bulk Marjolein , Najac Chloé , van der Weerd Louise , de Bresser Jeroen , Lewerenz Jan , Ronen Itamar , de Bot Susanne
Published: August 2024

HD is a rare, autosomal dominant inherited, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder. Strong evidence suggests a significant role for iron accumulation and neuroinflammation in HD. Previous studies already showed iron accumulation in the brain of patients with HD, but no other study linked these results with well-accepted biofluid biomarkers for neuroinflammation, or with neuroimaging methods to assess neuroinflammation. This study will provide an important basis for the evaluation of brain iron levels and neuroinflammation metabolites as imaging biomarkers for disease state and progression in HD and their relationship with the salient pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease.
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with a distinct type and cerebral structural changes
Authors: Liu Huiyang , Liu Hu , Fan Guoguang
Published: August 2024

We used the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate morphological alterations within gray matter (GM) in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus (NPSLE). The two subgroups (inﬂammatory and ischemic phenotypes) have different pathological mechanisms and treatment methods. In the comparison of grey matter volumes within the two patient groups, we found brain atrophy was more severe in the inflammatory group and that the atrophied brain areas were consistent with previous studies of the blood-brain barrier in patients with autoimmune disease. Our findings could help to deeply understand the pathophysiology of NPSLE, and to treat lupus patients early to improve their prognosis.
Dynamic Alterations of Spontaneous Neural Activity and Its Association with Neurocognitive Function in Sport-related Concussion
Authors: Huang Wenjing , Ma Laiyang , Hu Wanjun , Zheng Yu , Xiong Yuhui , Zhang Jing
Published: August 2024

Sports-related concussion (SRC) is a complex and heterogeneous injury with psychological, cognitive, and functional consequences. Cognitive impairment is common following SRC, but the neural basis is unclear. In this study, the regional homogeneity (ReHo) and dynamic ReHo (d-ReHo) were obtained from rs-fMRI of both 31 SRC athletes and 7 non-SRC (NSRC) athletes. We found increased ReHo and d-ReHo in the SRC group, and the changes of d-ReHo in the right precuneus correlated with cognitive function. Our findings suggested that altered dynamics in the intrinsic brain activity might be a potential biomarker for explaining the cognitive function decline of SRC.
The association between adverse childhood experience, PTSD diagnosis and White matter integrity.
Authors: Nkrumah Richard , von Schröder Claudius , Demirakca Traute , Schmahl Christian , Ende Gabriele
Published: August 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are well-known risk factors for the development of PTSD later in life. The overall effect of ACE on WM integrity and the moderation effect of PTSD in this relation are still being researched. Using a total of 78 participants with any form of ACE, we show that ACE was negatively correlated with WM integrity in the genu and body of the corpus callosum and the bilateral uncinated fasciculus after controlling for overall psychological burden. The overall strength of this effect changed in corpus callosum and uncinated fasciculus when PTSD was added as a moderator variable.
Differential lesion volume progression following MR-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for Essential Tremor
Authors: Rockel Conrad , Scott Sarah , Mazerolle Erin , Pichardo Samuel , Martino Davide , Sankar Tejas , Kiss Zelma , Pike Bruce
Published: August 2024

Following MRgFUS thalamotomy for Essential Tremor, it was observed that lesions in some patients re-enlarged after the 3-month timepoint following surgery, based on T1-weighted MRI. After grouping patients as NonEnlargers and Enlargers based on this observation, we did not observe significant between-group differences in clinical measures of tremor beyond the 3-month timepoint. Patient demographic- and MRgFUS-related factors did not differ between groups. However, patients in the NonEnlarger group demonstrated significantly greater tremor severity prior to and in early timepoints following MRgFUS thalamotomy, suggesting that the relationship between tremor severity and longitudinal lesion progression may be worthy of further investigation.
Long-term cannabis use and brain structure: an MRI study of a New Zealand longitudinal birth cohort
Authors: Lee Rebecca , Foulds James , Shoorangiz Reza , Almuqbel Mustafa , Le Heron Campbell , Cleland Lana , Keenan Ross , Mulder Roger , Porter Richard , Newton-Howes Giles , Douglas Katie , Butler Anthony , Boden Joseph , Melzer Tracy
Published: August 2024

This study investigated whether cannabis use during adolescent and early adulthood was associated with long-term brain differences into middle-age, using structural T1-weighted, ASL, and diffusion MRI. Compared to non-using controls, users exhibited significantly less grey matter volume in the hippocampus and amygdala (p < 0.05). We observed no significant between-group differences in cerebral blood flow or white matter integrity. While cannabis may relate to long-term brain changes, prospective longitudinal MRI studies may help to elucidate causality.
Standardized QC procedure for vendor-implemented ADC correction of gradient nonlinearity bias in multi-center clinical trials
Authors: Chenevert Thomas , Pang Yuxi , Biswas Debosmita , Paudyal Ramesh , Konar Amaresh , Liang Jiachao , Wilmes Lisa , Abad Nastaren , Marinelli Luca , Tariq Humera , Devaraj Ajit , Turley Dallas , Peeters Johannes , Hylton Nola , Newitt David , Partridge Savannah , Shukla-Dave Amita , Malyarenko Dariya
Published: August 2024

Gradient nonlinearity (GNL) induces spatial bias in diffusion b-value that confounds apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements for anatomy offset from MRI scanner isocenter. For emerging vendor-provided GNL correction (GNC) a standardized quality control (QC) procedure is desired to streamline GNC application for multi-site imaging trials that utilize ADC for tumor monitoring and therapy response assessment. This QC procedure was developed and tested on four MRI scanner systems with vendor-provided on-line ADC GNC for trial-specific phantoms and patient scans for head-and-neck, breast, and myelofibrosis cancers.
Evaluation of renal injury in chronic kidney disease by Look-Locker T1 mapping
Authors: Mao Wei , Ding Xiaoqiang , Fu Caixia , Ding Yuqin , Nickel Dominik , Zeng Mengsu , Zhou Jianjun
Published: August 2024

Accurate assessment of renal injury in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is significant for delaying the progression of CKD to end-stage renal disease. Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of Look-Locker T1 mapping in the assessment of renal function in healthy adults, but its application in the assessment of renal injury in CKD is still in the exploratory stage. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the value of T1 mapping in evaluating renal injury in CKD.
Preliminary Evaluation of the Tumor Vessels Based on Ultrafast DCE MRI in Differential Diagnosis of Breast Tumors (BI-RADS 4)
Authors: liang hongbing , zhang lina , ning ning , zhang nan , wu qi , wang zhuo , song qingwei , liu ailian , guo yinghua
Published: August 2024

The occurrence and development of the breast cancer are closely related to the growth and infiltration of blood vessels. This study mainly analyzed the correlation between the maximum diameter of benign and malignant breast tumors, the number of peripheral blood vessels and the first appearance of vascular phase. It is concluded that the number of blood vessels had a certain value in distinguishing benign and malignant breast tumors. There existed a certain correlation between the maximum diameter of malignant tumor and the number of blood vessels.
Effects of Diffusion Time and Echo Time Changes of Diffusion MRI on Clinical Brain Neoplasm Diagnosis
Authors: Hori Masaaki , Maekawa Tomoko , Kamiya Kouhei , Hagiwara Akifumi , Kamagata Koji , Aoki Shigeki
Published: August 2024

In this exhibit, we outline the effect of TE shortening on the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in clinical practice and the associated shortening of diffusion time on recent clinical MRI scanner for brain neoplasms diagnosis. In general, shortening the diffusion time reduces the contrast of lesions that show an abnormally high signal on DWI, and the apparent diffusion coefficient values also changes toward a larger value, which may lead the radiologist to err in differential diagnosis or grading of the neoplastic lesions. Therefore, it is important for radiologists to be aware of these effects when diagnosing brain neoplasms.
Functional MR Spectroscopy - Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Port John
Published: August 2024

This educational poster reviews the challenges and issues present when performing functional MR spectroscopy. The poster will briefly review the history of the field, then present a framework for designing high-quality functional MRS experiments. Common artifacts and potential solutions to address them will also be discussed. The poster will conclude by discussing opportunities for developing the field.
DW-MRI B-tensor encoding acquisition and processing on a pre-clinical Bruker scanner.
Authors: Rios-Carrillo Ricardo , Ramirez-Manzanares Alonso , Concha Luis
Published: August 2024

We present how we implemented diffusion weighted B-tensor encoding acquisitions on a preclinical 7 T Bruker scanner using free software shared by the DW-MRI community. We also present an auxiliary free repository that contains helpful tools that facilitate the implementation. This educational poster is intended to aid other users interested in acquiring B-tensor encoded DW-MRI with Bruker scanners.
Liver Fibrosis Evaluation with MRI- A Primer for Engineers, Physicists, and Technologists
Authors: Venkatesh Sudhakar , Li Jiahui , Yin Meng , Torbenson Michael
Published: August 2024

Knowledge of the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis (LF) is important to understand the application of MRI techniques in the evaluation of LF. LF is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, predominantly in the collagen content that leads to measurable changes in MRI signal and also mechanical properties. In this educational exhibit, we will describe the pathology and evolution of LF in chronic liver diseases. Next, we will describe key concepts that form the basis for several MRI techniques for LF evaluation. An outline of confounders, limitations, current and future applications of the MRI techniques will be provided.
Artifacts in breast imaging when using SPAIR fat suppression in the presence of large B0 variations
Authors: Sakhardande Jayant , Eddin Assim , Allen Timothy , Bancroft Leah Henze , Strigel Roberta , Hsieh Su Kim , Holmes James
Published: August 2024

In this educational presentation we will discuss the impact of B0 field inhomogeneity on fat suppression related artifacts when using adiabatic spectrally selective inversion preparation in the setting of breast MRI setting.
Recent advancements in multiparametric MRI methods for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: Dwivedi Durgesh , Jagannathan Naranamangalam
Published: August 2024

This educational abstract will go through the more recent MRI pulse sequences that are being developed for the early detection and better characterization of prostate cancer (PCa). By incorporating cutting-edge multiparametric MR imaging (mpMRI) approaches into the diagnostic workup, it is possible to address current challenges with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level based screening, problems with overdiagnosis with random biopsy, and multifocality of the PCa. Due to high negative predictive value of mpMRI, it not only improves the diagnosis of clinically significant PCa but also aids in lowering the number of unnecessary biopsies.
Workflow for spatial alignment of MR data and histopathological images of tumors for region-of-interest-based correlation analysis
Authors: Montelius Mikael , Lundholm Lukas , Ljungberg Maria , Forssell-Aronsson Eva
Published: August 2024

Validation of MRI-derived tumor biomarkers require ground truth validation against histopathology, but pixel-by-pixel spatial alignment with histopathological images pose unresolved challenges. A reasonable approach is to correlate regions-of-interest from MRI with corresponding regions from histopathology. However, clinical protocols for histopathological processing of tissue sections require modifications to preserve spatial information relative to MR images. In this educational exhibit we describe a workflow, based on literature and experience, that enables region-of-interest-based spatial correlation analysis between MRI and histopathological data.
Radiomics analysis in the era of quantitative imaging
Authors: Oppong Philip Kyeremeh Jnr , Wang Jincheng , Tha Khin
Published: August 2024

Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging extends beyond qualitative MRI by combining both image graphics and mathematically measured intrinsic image features to determine tissue characteristics, development, pathology, etc. While MRI has practically been qualitative both in the imaging process and interpretation, quantitative image analysis involving the mapping of numerical tissue properties with nominal values obtained from healthy cohorts has proven to add extra information to MRI images. In this educational review we discuss the rapidly evolving field of radiomics in quantitative MRI imaging. Particular emphasis is laid on development of radiomic models for MR image analysis, validation strategies and anticipated future trends.
Diffusion imaging: multi-shell DTI on a whole-body 3T scanner versus a head-only MAGNUS 3T for traumatic brain injury evaluation
Authors: Kohls Gail , Morris Herman , Hood Maureen , DeMarco James , Foo Thomas
Published: August 2024

Diffusion imaging has progressed beyond standard DTI to mutli-shell and non-Gaussian techniques to improve upon the sensitivity of detecting multiple fiber angles in a voxel. Newer high-gradient scanners are able to further expand the capabilities of these advanced DTI sequences to help us improve upon the detection of complex fiber tracks in voxels, which is important in the evaluation and treatment of traumatic brain injury. These new technologies hold promise to improve our understanding of the movement of microcellular fluids.
Technologist Assessment of a Realtime Motion Monitoring System for fMRI Exams
Authors: Pelkola Kristina , Farrar Norman , Ailion Alyssa , Wallace Tess , Afacan Onur , Sui Yao , Warfield Simon
Published: August 2024

Visit any magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) facility, and all will agree that patient motion is an ongoing matter. This holds particularly true for pediatric facilities performing functional MRI (fMRI) exams. During fMRI exams, motion artifacts are subtle and contribute to data corruption which is not discovered until the data is analyzed. To enable the technologist to intervene when motion occurs, a real-time motion monitoring system “Slice Localization Integrated MRI Monitoring” (SLIMM) was established to detect motion and reduce the amount of scan time necessary while simultaneously increasing the quality of data collected.
Predictors of long-term disability in MS patients using routine MRI data: a 15-year retrospective study
Authors: Altokhis Amjad , Alotaibi Abdulmajeed , Morgan Paul , Tanasescu Radu
Published: August 2024

MRI disability predictors in Multiple Sclerosis using routine MRI data: a 15-year longtudinal study
The Imaging Technique and Clinical Usefulness of Super Rapid Phase Contrast Angiography for Stroke Patients.
Authors: Oura Daisuke , Ihara Riku , Yokohama Takumi , Niiya Yoshimasa , Furukawa Koji , Gekka Masayuki , Sugimori Hiroyuki
Published: August 2024

We offer super rapid phase contrast angiography (PCA) with a 60-second scan. This sequence greatly contributes to managing stroke patients compared with a conventional technique such as time-of-flight MRA. Parallel imaging and optimized voxel size reduce scan time as possible. Tilted optimized non-saturating excitation enhanced the depiction of the distal arteries in transverse acquisition PCA. Super rapid PCA overcomes motion artifacts due to short scan time and the shortest repetition time such as under 7 ms. Moreover, we obtain both MRA and black blood images as a subtraction image between the magnitude image and the MRA image.
Incremental value of right ventricle function and T2* Mapping for judging the occurrence and development of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in Rabbits
Authors: Zhang Xinai , Qi Wanyin , Xiao Zhengyuan , Zhang Xiaoyong , Chen Jing
Published: August 2024

This study analyzed the T2* mapping sequence and ventricular function parameters to assess cardiac injury in early cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) in a rabbit model. At the 2ed week, the ejection fraction (EF) of right ventricle (RV) decreased and the T2* value of 10th segment for LV increased significantly. The liver showed mild iron deposition at the 4th. T2* value of the 10th segment was negatively correlated with that of liver. Suggesting the iron deposition in CCM were not synchronous. Finding the T2* mapping combine right ventricle function for evaluating the occurrence and development of cardiac and liver injury with CCM.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the evaluation of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Ngombo-Kimbongila Jose , Samuels Petronella , Kahts Morne , Jermy Stephen , Moosa Sulaiman , Cupido Blanche , Ntusi Ntobeko
Published: August 2024

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA), is a rare cardiac anomaly (occurring in less than 1% of all congenital heart diseases) characterised by atrio-ventricular and ventricular-arterial discordance. We report on a 13-year-old female with situs inversus totalis, ccTGA, peri-membranous VSD, and sub-PS presenting with worsening fatigue on physical exertion, excessive sweating, and intermittent palpitations not associated with physical activity. Echocardiography was used in diagnosis. CMR revealed mild systolic impairment (ejection fraction, EF 55%) of the systemic ventricle (morphologic RV), a perimembranous VSD, flattening of the interventricular septum in systole and diastole, indicative of pressure and volume overload, respectively.
Phenotypic characterisation of multifocal cardiovascular involvement in Takayasu arteritis with cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Authors: Jaftha Mariaan , Samuels Petronella , Kahts Morne , Jermy Stephen , Bana Tasnim , Ntusi Ntobeko
Published: August 2024

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is an uncommon inflammatory disease primarily affecting the aorta and its main branches. It is more common in females (80-90% of cases) and occurs between the ages of 10 and 40 years. We report on a young male patient diagnosed with TA at age 16 years. CMR showed progressive aneurysmal dilatation of the aorta compressing the trachea, left main bronchus, and left lung. Both ventricles showed mild decrease in function (LVEF- 45% and RVEF – 51%). CMR played an important role in disease monitoring and guided patient management.
The conspicuity of inner ear membranous labyrinth anatomy using 3D FLAIR without gadolinium contrast agent
Authors: Zhang Zongrui , Liu Zhaohui , Niu Yantao
Published: August 2024

Optimized 3D-FLAIR imaging can visualize inner ear membranous labyrinth anatomy without gadolinium contrast agent,paving the way toward developing a simple and quick method for diagnosing Meniere’s disease.
Comparative evaluation of fiber number implementation of median nerve during wrist DTI technique : Neutral vs Superman position
Authors: Cho Seong-Bong , Jeong Jae-Yun
Published: August 2024

To find out whether this change in position affects the actual fiber tracking, we compared the number of fiber implementations in the median nerve in accordance to neutral and superman position. In 12 of the 14 cases, the superman position produced more fibers than in the neutral position. The reason for this thought is due to the fact that the wrist in the superman position is closer to the isocenter of the magnetic field. Other parameters may be important to optimize the images of wrist DTI, however positioning of the wrist should be considered first.
Metabolic Tumor Volume prediction by using Hand Craft Fuzzy Rule Base System (FRBS) on Simultaneous PET/MRI
Authors: Negi Pradeep , Mehta Shashi , Jena Amarnath
Published: August 2024

18F-FDG PET/MRI can be helpful for diagnosing, staging, restaging, and assessing the post therapeutic response in breast cancer patients. Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) may be more reliable but volumetric assessments of FDG PET needs correct tumor segmentation. We have proposed hand craft fuzzy rule base system to improve tumor volume by using simultaneous PET/MRI for accurate MTV estimation. Four breast cancer patients underwent FDG PET/MRI for staging purpose. Pathological tumor volume was compared with MRI volume, Ktrans volume and MTV computed by hand craft fuzzy rule and the results showed fuzzified tumor volume were more accurate compared with other volumes.
Clinical feasibility study of AI accelerateed STAGE
Authors: Sun Yang
Published: August 2024

Clinical feasibility study of AI accelerateed STAGE
Gambaran Resiliensi Akademik Mahasiswa Kelas Internasional dan Implikasinya dalam Pelayanan Konseling
Authors: Aullya Dhita Putri , Nurfarhanah Nurfarhanah
Published: August 2024

This research is motivated by the number of students who have low academic resilience, this is caused by students not believing in their abilities, not being able to control themselves etc. The purpose of this study is to describe: 1) academic resilience of international class students, 2) academic resilience of international class students in terms of confidence (self belief), 3) academic resilience of international class students in terms of control (a sense of control), 4) academic resilience of international class students in terms of composure (anxiety), 5) academic resilience of international class students in terms of commitment (persistence). This research uses quantitative methods with a descriptive approach. The research sample was 72 international class students of the Guidance and Counseling Department of Padang State University who were selected using the total sampling technique. Data obtained by giving a research questionnaire in the form of an academic resilience instrument with a Likert scale model to students who have been tested for validity and data processing using descriptive statistical methods. The results showed that the academic resilience of international class students of BK UNP was generally in the high category with a percentage of (47%).
TERAPIA CANABINOIDE: MECANISMOS DE ATUAÇÃO NO CONTROLE DA DOR OROFACIAL CRÔNICA
Authors: Alcântara Dias Gelson Nycollas , Knop Detoni Vitor , Rocha Floriano Ana Luisa , Cerqueira Costa Lúbia , Parreira Guimarães Josemar
Published: August 2024

RESUMO: Introdução: Os efeitos alucinógenos e relaxantes da planta  Cannabis sativa chamam atenção para as possibilidades de aplicação terapêutica há séculos. Atualmente, em território nacional, a planta é regulamentada para fins medicinais pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, viabilizando o composto como uma alternativa emergente na terapêutica de diversas condições clínicas, dentre elas, a Dor Orofacial. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura no período de 2018 a 2023, nas bases de dados PUBMED/MEDLINE, Periódico CAPES, Scielo e Google acadêmico, utilizando os descritores "Cannabis", "Pharmacology" e “Facial Pain". Foram identificados 42 estudos científicos, nos quais, mediante a aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 23 foram escolhidos para integrar a amostragem da presente pesquisa. Discussão: Assim sendo, como perspectivas emergentes, pode-se citar a contribuição de dados científicos relativos ao sistema endocanabinoide, aos matizes farmacológicos, à eficácia terapêutica, à aplicabilidade na Odontologia e ao emprego da Cannabis medicinal no contexto das dores orofaciais. Assim, observou-se a redução das Dores Orofaciais crônicas associadas às Desordens Temporomandibulares, além de redução da atividade muscular mastigatória, contribuindo para melhoria da qualidade de vida do paciente. A aplicação transdérmica vem demonstrando ser mais eficiente, além de minimizar reações adversas. Conclusão: Com base na literatura consultada, conclui-se que, embora ainda sejam necessários mais estudos nesse campo, a terapia canabinoide pode ser apontada como uma alternativa terapêutica para o tratamento das dores orofaciais e desordens temporomandibulares a ser considerada.
Digital Transformation in Education at Thu Dau Mot University
Authors:   Thu Dau Mot University, Chan Trinh Huynh
Published: August 2024

In an era of rapid scientific and technical development, universities that want to survive and develop must always innovate and update scientific and technical advances in all activities of their units. Digital transformation is one of the practical activities to improve the quality and operations of universities. At Thu Dau Mot University, digital transformation is an issue that the school is very interested in and developing. In this article, the author focuses on understanding and analyzing the current state of digital transformation at Thu Dau Mot University campus, finding the causes and limitations that need to be overcome.
MATHOPHOBIA IN HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS TEACHING
Authors: Palić Ahmed , Hatarić - Palić Almedina
Published: August 2024

At the mere mention of the word mathematics, most students "go dark in the eyes." There are numerous reasons for this. Primarily, mathematics is an abstract science, so it becomes uninteresting and incomprehensible to children. This paper is based on mataphobia in high school students. Namely, mathophobia manifests itself as a fear of mathematics. A person who has a fear of mathematics avoids contact with mathematics in situations that have to do with mathematics. The range of symptoms extends from a mild discomfort when encountering quantitative information to a complete avoidance of anything resembling mathematics. The research itself showed very interesting facts, and indicators that fear is present to a certain extent among students. The topicality of the topic is evident, and the indicators themselves can be the introduction and starting point of some new research, based on the above.
‘Girls’ Toys and ‘Boys’ Toys: Learning Through Play
Authors:   , Goldsmith Sarah Louise
Published: August 2024

Gendered toys and their role in gender construction have, in recent years, been the subject of numerous media reports and research studies, mainly with pre-school children and predominantly from a developmental perspective. Raising concerns that gendered toys are reproducing and reinforcing gendered stereotypes and affecting children’s potential. Although this research has been valuable, it has neglected primary school-aged children’s lived experiences of toys and gender. This thesis addresses that gap by exploring how primary school children negotiate gender through toys and play. A child-centred, participatory approach, from a playwork perspective, was used to explore children’s lived experiences of toys and gender. Children were observed playing, and engaged directly through interviews, focus groups and two card-sorting activities, aiming to ascertain children’s toy preferences and the reasoning behind them. The study found that gendered toys activated gendered boundaries, causing children to negotiate gender and conduct borderwork. The research also highlighted other, multiple factors that influenced children’s gendered negotiations, including dominant gender discourses; children’s individual personalities and the influence of their peers; adults’ beliefs and gender assumptions; and the play environment and culture. To understand how these factors affected children’s gendered negotiations and performances during play, a unique intersectional and reflexive tool – staging – was developed. Staging is based on Goffman’s (1959) dramaturgical analysis and uses the analogy of the theatre to illuminate the multiple and often-complex influences on children’s gendered negotiations and performances during play. Implications for policy and practice are a better understanding of the influences that contribute towards children’s gendered negotiations during play, enabling reflection on practice and evaluation of the play environment. However, Staging can also be adapted to focus on other complex issues in play settings, such as disability, class, or ethnicity.
Rare presentation of Omental Cyst in Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Sial Dr Muhammad Shafqat , Rehman Wajeeh Ur , Hameed Soban , Asif Anum , Hashim Imran , Sarwar Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
       Inguinal hernia is one of the most frequent surgery performed by pediatric surgeons and majority of the hernias are indirect inguinal hernia.
       Mostly the sac is empty or might contain omentun , small bowel , ovaries , fallopian tubes etc. Rarely we see patients in which sac contains huge cystic lesion. We present a case report of patient who presented to us with swelling in left inguinal region and a preiminalry diagnosis of Left inguinal hernia was made later on it was found that the hernia sac contains a huge omental cyst which remained un-diagnosed till the time of surgey.
Omental cyst is one of the rarest types of intraabdominal cystic lesions in pediatric age group.
Outcome of primary fixation of traumatic acetabular fractures
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Abbas Muhammad Adeel , Basit Muhammad Shakeel , Karamat Asifa
Published: August 2024

Objectives; Traumatic acetabular fracture is a major injury with high association of mortality, morbidity and long recovery period. Surgical management of acetabular fracture is a technical challenge needing high level of skills and vigilance because of the complex anatomy and risk to surrounding structures. We aim to look at two surgical techniques for fixation of acetabular fracture and their outcome in this study.
Methods; Between April 2018 and March 2023, a total of 26 patients (15 males and 11 females) were treated for acetabular fracture fixation.  10 were treated with minima invasive technique Close reduction and per-cutaneous fixation because of good reduction was achieved under image guidance and 16 patients had ORIF with use of various recon plates, screws and wires.
Results; All patients were followed up for 12 months. Among all patients, the clinical outcomes were recorded as excellent in 17 patients (17/26, 65%), good in 5 (5/26, 19%), fair in 2 (2/26, 7.7%), and poor in 2 (2/26. 7.7%), according to the modified Merle d’Aubigné-Postel score. The average modified Merle d’Aubigné-Postel score was 15 ± 2.0 points (range, 10–18 points). The radio-logical healing was assessed according to the Matta score [22] and were reported excellent in 15 patients (15/26, 57.6%), good in 7 (7/26, 26.8%), fair in 1 (1/26, 3.8%),and poor in 3 (3/26, 11.5%).
Conclusion; our study shows comparable clinical outcome for acetabular fracture fixation using either ORIF or CRPF technique. Right patient choice and good knowledge of anatomy is of paramount importance.
Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of Klebsiella species isolated from urine cultures at a tertiary healthcare facility of Lahore
Authors: Tariq Tariq Mahmud , Shabbir Samia , Iqbal Mariam Dani , Asma Akhtar  , Dogar Sana Fatima
Published: August 2024

Background: Klebsiella is found ubiquitously in nature and is a potential pathogen to infect different anatomic sites including urinary tract. Due to high resistance to antimicrobials it is considered as one of the most challenging pathogens.
Aim: To study the frequency and antimicrobial sensitivity of Klebsiella species isolated from urine culture.
Material and Method: The data of urine cultures results reported as Klebsiella species during 1st Jan to 31st Dec 2021 was collected through Electronic Medical Record system. Klebsiella species were recognized based on culture characteristics and biochemical tests with API-20E (bioMérieux) profile. Antibiotic susceptibility and extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) detection was performed by disc/combined disc diffusion using Kirby Bauer method.
Results: Of 2438 urine samples submitted for culture during the study period, 746 (30.6%) showed significant growth of a known uropathogen. The frequency of Klebsiella was 14.75% which was second most common uropathogen after E. coli (57.37%). Other isolates reported were Enterococcus (12.87%), Candida (8.71%), Pseudomonas (2.68%), Staphylococcus (1.48%), Proteus (1.07%) and Citrobacter species (1.07%). The isolates showed high sensitivity to imipenem (87.3%) followed by meropenem (85.5%), amikacin (84.6%) and fosfomycin (81.5%). A reduced sensitivity was observed against gentamicin (68.2%), piperacillin-tazobactam (61.8%), nitrofurantoin (58.2%) and cefotaxime (50%), but the least sensitivity was seen for ciprofloxacin (40.9%), cotrimoxazole (36.4%), cefuroxime (20%) and ampicillin (10%). Of all isolates 37 (33.6%) were ESBL producers.
Conclusion: Carbapenems, amikacin and possibly fosfomycin are the most efficient drugs for treating UTI due to Klebsiella species in our hospital setting. An on-going surveillance for ESBL producers as well as carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC) is needed.
AWARENESS AND PRACTICES OF ANTENATAL CARE AMONG PREGNANT FEMALES
Authors: Dr Asma Kanwal  , Anwar Dr Fizza , Dr Muhammad Naeem  , Dr Qurrat ul Ain Naqvi  , Dr Faiza Khan  , Dr Muhammad Faheem Anwer
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the awareness and practice levels regarding antenatal care among pregnant females visiting Arif memorial teaching hospital, Lahore.
Methods: It was a cross sectional study done in 350 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy presented at a tertiary care center using purposive sampling technique. The predesigned questionnaire was used to collect information regarding socio-demographic factors as well as knowledge and practice questions regarding ANC. Scoring was designed with >70% designated as adequate knowledge or practice levels. Information was entered and results were obtained using SPSS 24.0.
Results: Among total 350 respondents, mean age was 28.54±5.26 years. The mean knowledge and practice scores were 27.56±6.11 and 12.33±3.14 and there were 110 (31.4%) and 50 (14.3%) women having adequate knowledge and practice respectively. Respondent’s literacy was significantly associated with knowledge (p=0.015) and working women have better practices than house wives (p<0.001).
Conclusion: It was concluded that the adequate knowledge and practices regarding ANC was considerably low. To improve community awareness on ANC community campaign and mass media should use. Family support and government support both should be parallel provided to pregnant female in order to improve maternal health.
Key words: Antenatal Care, Knowledge, Practice, Reproductive age women, Tertiary Care Hospital.
Revitalisasi Karakter Religius melalui Metode Active Learning di Raudlatul Athfal Khodijah Nganjuk
Authors: Makhmudah Siti
Published: August 2024

Character education is the key for every generation, where each generation has its own challenges. The development of increasingly digitalized technology is one of the many challenges of this generation and beyond. For this reason, strengthening religious character is one of the keys to strengthening the character of this and future generations because every person in a generation has the nature of being a religious person. This research aims to find strategies for improving religious character through active learning methods in early childhood at RA Khodijah Nganjuk. This research uses classroom action research methods. The research subjects were teachers and students of group A RA Khodijah Nganjuk. Based on the results of this research, it was found that the active learning method improved students' religious character. It is supported by other methods, namely the teacher's example in behavior and tolerance.
Manajemen Strategi Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di SMP Negeri 5 Purworejo
Authors: Daimah Daimah , Wibowo Adi
Published: August 2024

Schools have their own strategies as a center for implementing strategic management to compete. It has become a demand that must be carried out to improve and increase the quality of education. This research aims to explore how schools can improve the quality of education through effective management strategies. The method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach, where data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation to get a comprehensive picture of the strategies implemented by the school. The research results show that the quality of education is not only determined by schools as educational resource teaching institutions but is also adjusted to the expectations and views of society, which continue to develop. Quality is an important part of institutional strategy and must be approached systematically using a strategic planning process to defend schools from increasingly fierce competition. In conclusion, school quality in education must meet the needs, hopes, and desires of all stakeholders, with the main focus on students through the leadership of the school principal, the quality of the school itself, learning programs, teaching staff, and students. The target of the principal in the current era as a learning leader is to create school policies that are more focused on student-centered learning services.
The Role of Muslim Families in Children's Education on Environmental Ethics
Authors: Alfiyanto Afif , Ikhwan M. , Syafrullah Haidir , Mahdi Mahdi , Hidayati Fitri
Published: August 2024

This study examines the role of Muslim families in children's education regarding environmental ethics. It aims to understand how Muslim parents' integration of Islamic values such as amanah, caliphate, and tawhid can effectively instill awareness and pro-environmental behavior in children. This research explores various parenting methods, including stories from the Qur'an and Hadith, practical activities like gardening and recycling, and discussions and reflections on environmental issues using the literature review method. The findings reveal that children educated with this approach exhibit high ecological awareness and proactive behavior in ecological conservation. However, challenges such as lack of knowledge and resources and differences in cultural and geographical contexts affect the effectiveness of this education. The study concludes that there is a need for support from formal education institutions and communities to strengthen environmental education at home. With the right approach and adequate support, environmental education based on Islamic values has excellent potential to form a generation that cares about the environment. This research provides important insights for developing holistic environmental education programs rooted in religious values.