bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaction between East Asian summer monsoon and west winds as shown by tree-ring records
Authors: Xiao Shengchun , Peng Xiaomei , Tian Quanyan , Ding Aijun , Xie Jiali , Jingrong Su
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Against the background of changes in global atmospheric circulation, local changes in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and the mid-latitude westerly winds will inevitably affect the climate and ecology of the arid zone of Northwest China. Hence, it is important to study these changes. We chose to observe these changes in the Alxa Plateau using dendrochronological methods. We assembled ring-width records from Qinghai spruce trees growing in the mountain regions surrounding the Alxa Plateau: the Helan Mountains, Changling Mountain, and Dongdashan Mountain. We analyzed these records for changes on interannual and interdecadal scales. Our results show that radial growth was indeed affected by changes in the monsoons and westerlies. The heterogeneity of precipitation and climatic wet-dry changes in different regions is primarily influenced by the interactions between atmospheric circulation systems, each with its own dominant controlling factors. In the case of the Helan Mountains, both of these major atmospheric circulation systems play a significant role in shaping climate changes. Changling Mountain in the southern part of the Alxa Plateau are mainly influenced by the EASM. Dongdashan Mountain is mainly influenced by the westerlies. Understanding these local conditions will help us predict climate changes in Northwest China.
First measurements of ecosystem-scale biogenic volatile organic compound fluxes over rapeseed reveal more significant terpenoid emissions than expected
Authors: Buysse Pauline , Loubet Benjamin , Ciuraru Raluca , Lafouge Florence , Durand Brigitte , Zurfluh Olivier , Décuq Céline , Fanucci Olivier , Gonzaga Gomez Lais , Gueudet Jean-Christophe , Bsaibes Sandy , Zannoni Nora , Gros Valérie
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) play a large role in atmospheric chemistry as they are precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosols. However, the analysis of their emission in croplands is scarce. This work constitutes, to our knowledge, the first quantification of ecosystem-scale biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) fluxes exchanged over a rapeseed crop field. The experimental campaign took place at the FR-Gri ICOS site (near Paris, France) between spring and summer 2017, during which the BVOC fluxes were measured continuously by the eddy-covariance method with a proton-transfer quad-injection time-of-flight mass-spectrometer instrument (PTR-Qi-TOF-MS). Standard emission factors (SEF) and OH reactivity fluxes were computed from the measured fluxes, and compared to the widely used model MEGAN2.1. Fifty-three BVOCs were significantly emitted or deposited during the campaign. Methanol was by far the most emitted one (83 to 91 % of summed emissions), followed by ethanol (1.5 to 11 %) and monoterpenes (1.2 to 1.6 %). Methanol SEF appeared to be overestimated during vegetation stages in MEGAN2.1. In addition, a 4-fold increase of emissions during the late senescence stage confirmed the necessity to use the ageing factor to represent methanol emissions in MEGAN2.1. Most noticeably, monoterpenes SEF computed in this study were 3 to 90 times larger than with MEGAN2.1. Consequently, this study shows that the share of OH reactivity represented by terpenoid compounds was underestimated in previous studies, pointing out the potentially more significant contribution of croplands to secondary organic aerosol formation.
Vertically resolved aerosol variability at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory under wet season conditions
Authors: Franco Marco A. , Valiati Rafael , Holanda Bruna A. , Meller Bruno B. , Kremper Leslie A. , Rizzo Luciana V. , Carbone Samara , Morais Fernando G. , Nascimento Janaína P. , Andreae Meinrat O. , Cecchini Micael A. , Machado Luiz A. T. , Ponczek Milena , Pöschl Ulrich , Walter David , Pöhlker Christopher , Artaxo Paulo
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The wet season atmosphere in the central Amazon resembles natural conditions with minimal anthropogenic influence, making it one of the rare pre-industrial-like continental areas worldwide. Previous long-term studies have analyzed the properties and sources of the natural Amazonian background aerosol. However, the vertical profile of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) has not been assessed systematically. Since 2017, such a profile assessment has been possible with the 325 m high tower at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO), located in a largely untouched primary forest in central Amazonia. This study investigates the variability of submicrometer aerosol concentration, size distribution, and optical properties at 60 and 325 m height in the Amazon PBL. The results show significant differences in aerosol volumes and scattering coefficients in the vertical gradient. The aerosol population was well-mixed throughout the boundary layer during the daytime but became separated upon stratification during nighttime. We also found a significant difference in the spectral dependence of the scattering coefficients between the two heights. The analysis of rainfall and related downdrafts revealed changes in the aerosol populations before and after rain events, with absorption and scattering coefficients decreasing as optically active particles are removed by wet deposition. The recovery of absorption and scattering coefficients is faster at 325 m than at 60 m. Convective events were concomitant with rapid increases in the concentration of sub-50 nm particles, likely associated with downdrafts. We found that the aerosol population near the canopy had a significantly higher mass scattering efficiency than at 325 m. It was also observed a clear spectral dependence, with values for λ = 450, 525 and 635 nm of 7.74±0.12, 5.49±0.11and 4.15±0.11 m2 g−1, respectively, at 60 m, while at 325 m, the values were 5.26±0.06, 3.76±0.05 and 2.46±0.04 m2 g−1, respectively. The equivalent aerosol refractive index results, which were obtained for the first time for the wet season in central Amazon, show a slightly higher scattering (real) component at 60 m compared to 325 m, of 1.33 and 1.27, respectively. In contrast, the refractive index’s absorptive (imaginary) component was identical for both heights, at 0.006. This study shows that the aerosol physical properties at 60 and 325 m height are different, likely due to aging processes, and strongly depend on the photochemistry, PBL dynamics, and aerosol sources. These findings provide valuable insights into the impact of aerosols on climate and radiative balance and can be used to improve the representation of aerosols in global climate models.
Antarctic sensitivity to oceanic melting parameterizations
Authors: Juarez-Martinez Antonio , Blasco Javier , Robinson Alexander , Montoya Marisa , Alvarez-Solas Jorge
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) has experienced accelerated loss of ice over the last decades and could become the main contributor to sea-level rise in the coming centuries. However, the associated uncertainty is very large. The main sources of this uncertainty lie in the future scenarios, the climatic forcing and, most notably, the structural uncertainty due to our lack of understanding of ice-ocean interaction processes, in particular, the representation of sub-shelf basal melt. In this study, we use a higher-order ice-sheet model to investigate the impact of these three sources of uncertainty in the contribution of the AIS to sea level in the coming centuries in the context of the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project (ISMIP6) but extending the projections until 2500. We test the sensitivity of the model to basal melting parameters using several forcings and scenarios simulated in the CMIP5 and CMIP6 ensembles. Results show a strong dependency on the values of the parameter that controls the heat exchange velocity between ice and ocean and also the forcing and scenario. Higher values of the heat exchange parameter lead to higher sea-level rise, with the contribution depending on the forcing-scenario configuration and reaching in some cases more than 3 metres by the end of 2500. Idealized simulations considering their individual effects have been performed, demonstrating that oceanic forcing plays a dominant role over the western sector of the AIS while atmospheric forcing is more important for the eastern sector and the interior.
The macronutrient and micronutrient (iron and manganese) signature of icebergs
Authors: Krause Jana , Carroll Dustin , Höfer Juan , Donaire Jeremy , Achterberg Eric Pieter , Alarcón Emilio , Liu Te , Meire Lorenz , Zhu Kechen , Hopwood Mark James
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Ice calved from the Antarctic and Greenland Ice Sheets or tidewater glaciers ultimately melts in the ocean contributing to sea-level rise. Icebergs have also been described as biological hotspots due to their potential roles as platforms for marine mammals and birds, and as micronutrient fertilizing agents. Icebergs may be especially important in the Southern Ocean where availability of the micronutrients iron and manganese extensively limits marine primary production. Whilst icebergs have long been described as a source of iron to the ocean, their nutrient signature is poorly constrained and it is unclear if there are regional differences. Here we show that 589 ice fragments collected from floating ice in contrasting regions spanning the Antarctic Peninsula, Greenland, and smaller tidewater systems in Svalbard, Patagonia and Iceland have similar characteristic (micro)nutrient signatures with limited or no significant differences between regions. Icebergs are a minor or negligible source of macronutrients to the ocean with low concentrations of NOx (NO3 + NO2, median 0.51 µM), PO4 (median 0.04 µM), and dissolved Si (dSi, median 0.02 µM). In contrast, icebergs deliver elevated concentrations of dissolved Fe (dFe; mean 82 nM, median 12 nM) and Mn (dMn; mean 26 nM, median 2.6 nM). A tight correlation between total dissolvable Fe and Mn (R2 = 0.95) and a Mn:Fe ratio of 0.024 suggested a lithogenic origin for the majority of sediment present in ice. Total dissolvable Fe and Mn retained a strong relationship with sediment load (both R2 = 0.43, p<0.001), whereas weaker relationships were observed for dFe, dMn and dSi. Sediment load for Antarctic ice (median 9 mg L-1, n=144) was low compared to prior reported values for the Arctic. A particularly curious incidental finding was that melting samples of ice were observed to rapidly lose their sediment load, even when sediment layers were embedded within the ice and stored in the dark. Our results demonstrated that the nutrient signature of icebergs is consistent with an atmospheric source of NOx and PO4. Conversely, high Fe and Mn, and modest dSi concentrations, are associated with englacial sediment, which experiences limited biogeochemical processing prior to release into the ocean.
Synthetic ground motions in heterogeneous geologies: the HEMEW-3D dataset for scientific machine learning
Authors: Lehmann Fanny , Gatti Filippo , Bertin Michaël , Clouteau Didier
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The ever-improving performances of physics-based simulations and the rapid developments of deep learning are offering new perspectives to study earthquake-induced ground motion. Due to the large amount of data required to train deep neural networks, applications have so far been limited to recorded data or two-dimensional simulations. To bridge the gap between deep learning and high-fidelity numerical simulations, this work introduces a new database of physics-based earthquake simulations. The HEMEW-3D database comprises 30,000 simulations of elastic wave propagation in three-dimensional (3D) geological domains. Each domain is parametrized by a different geological model built from a random arrangement of layers augmented by random fields that represent heterogeneities. For each simulation, ground motion is synthetized at the surface by a grid of virtual sensors. The high frequency of waveforms (fmax = 5 Hz) allows extensive analyses of surface ground motion. Existing and foreseen applications range from statistic analyses of the ground motion variability and machine learning methods on geological models, to deep learning-based predictions of ground motion depending on 3D heterogeneous geologies.
Analysis of autogenic bifurcation processes resulting in river avulsion
Authors: Barile Gabriele , Redolfi Marco , Tubino Marco
Published: January 2024

Abstract. River bifurcations are constituent components of multi-thread fluvial systems, playing a crucial role in their morphodynamic evolution and the partitioning of water and sediment. Although many studies have been directed at exploring bifurcation dynamics, the conditions under which avulsions occur, resulting in the complete abandonment of one branch, are still not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, we develop a novel 1D numerical model based on existing nodal point relations for sediment partitioning, which allows for the simulation of the morphodynamic evolution of a free bifurcation. Model results show that when the discharge asymmetry is so high that the shoaling branch does not transport sediments (partial avulsion conditions) the dominant branch undergoes significant degradation, leading to a higher inlet step between the bifurcates and further amplifying the discharge asymmetry. The degree of asymmetry is found to increase with the length of the downstream channels to the point that when they are sufficiently long, the shoaling branch is completely abandoned (full avulsion conditions). To complement our numerical findings, we also formulate a new analytical model that is able to reproduce the essential characteristics of the partial avulsion equilibrium, which enables us to identify the key parameters that control the transition between different configurations. In summary, this research sheds light on the fundamental processes that drive avulsion through the abandonment of river bifurcations. The insights gained from this study provide a foundation for further investigations and may offer valuable information for the design of sustainable river restoration projects.
Sea Level Rise in Europe: Governance Context and Challenges
Authors: Bisaro Alexander , Galluccio Giulia , Fiorini Beckhauser Elisa , Romagnoli Claudia , McEvoy Sadie , Sini Eugenio , Biddau Fulvio , David Ruben , d’Hont Floortje , Le Cozannet Gonéri , Pérez Gómez Begoña , Góngora Zurro Antonio , Slinger Jill
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Sea-level rise (SLR) will affect Europe’s coasts over the coming decades and beyond giving rise to challenges for governing coastal and marine areas. Progress is being made in adapting to and addressing these challenges at both national and sub-national levels across all major European sea basins. This chapter assesses progress in coastal adaptation governance in Europe by, first, characterizing the socio-economic and political contexts in European sea basins, and then reviewing coastal adaptation relevant policy frameworks in place at regional and national levels within each of these sea basins. Regional frameworks reviewed consist in Regional Sea Conventions and are assessed for their legal status and their inclusion of SLR information. National coastal policy frameworks reviewed include national adaptation plans focusing on coastal areas and marine spatial planning instruments for all European member states, as well as public financing arrangements for coastal adaptation, focusing on flood risk reduction measures. Key national policies for coastal adaptation are assessed for which coastal hazards they address, the extent to which they incorporate sea-level rise information, and their inclusion of SLR specific adaptation measures. Finally, the chapter presents governance challenges that arise due to the complexity of adaptation to SLR, i.e., time horizon and uncertainty, cross-scale and cross-domain coordination, and equity and social vulnerability, and discusses examples illustrating how each of these challenges are being addressed in different European sea basins. The chapter finds that for across all basins, regional policy frameworks generally do not include specific provisions for SLR or coastal adaptation, while at the national level, significant progress on SLR governance is being made. For all basins except for the Black Sea, all countries have reported observed and future SLR hazards, and have adopted adaptation strategies. The inclusion of adaptation measures specific to SLR is less advanced, as most sea basins have at least one country that does not include specific SLR adaptation measures in either their adaptation strategies or marine spatial plans. Regarding SLR governance challenges, key examples for how these are being addressed include approaches for incorporating flexibility into coastal planning, e.g., Dynamic Adaptation Pathways in the Netherlands, or dike crest widening in Germany, as well as, co-development of nature-based adaptation solutions in Italy. Examples for addressing equity and social vulnerability challenges include the emerging issue of climate ligation illustrated through several court cases on liability of major carbon emitters for SLR-related damages.
Labour requirements for animal management and fodder production in an organised dairy farm
Authors: Reddy B. Nageswara , Rao M.V. Dharma , Rangamma B. , Kumari B. Punya
Published: January 2024

The present study was undertaken to assess the labour requirements for the management of various categories of Ongole cattle and the Super Napier fodder production in Livestock Research Station, Mahanandi, Nandyal district, Andhra Pradesh. It was found that milking operations were the most time-consuming activities for milch animals and took 24.02 ± 0.58 manminutes per animal per day. The management of milch animals, 7 days to 3 months old calves, 3 to 6 months old calves, above 6 months old calves, dry animals, pregnant animals and teaser bull took 37.31, 1.69, 2.77, 7.64, 46.41, 3.98 and 0.20 per cent of total labour input on animal management in a day. Milking operations, grazing, feeding, cleaning of sheds, washing of animals and other management activities took 17.96, 50.17, 1.32, 26.76, 0.88 and 2.91 per cent of total labour input on animal management in a day. Land preparation, sowing, irrigation, application of fertilizer, harvesting, loading, transport and chaffing required 7.69 ± 0.18 tractor hours per acre, 35.68 ± 1.02 man-hours per acre, 8.32 ± 0.31 man-hours per acre, 0.51 ± 0.04 man-hours per acre, 95.31±8.42 man-hours per acre, 31.65 ± 3.43 man-hours per acre, 0.26 ± 0.01 tractor hours per km and 15.96 ± 2.10 man-hours per acre respectively. Based on the results of the present study, it could be concluded that one person working for six hours a day (excluding idle time) is required to manage seven milch animals or 102 calves of 7 days to 3 months of age or 40 calves of 3 to 6 months age or 54 calves of above 6 months age or 17 dry animals or 17 pregnant animals, or can perform daily fodder production activities required for 0.67 tons of chaffed green fodder.
Role of blood beta-hydroxybutyric acid estimation as a diagnostic marker of feline hepatic lipidosis
Authors: Saigal K. Asha , Sindhu O. K. , Unny N. Madhavan , David P. Vinu , Palekkodan Hamza , Habeeb P. Biju
Published: January 2024

Feline hepatic lipidosis (FHL), characterised by an accumulation of triglycerides in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, is a common and potentially fatal liver disorder in cats. Hepatic lipidosis in cats can develop due to any condition that will impair nutrient uptake and is often presented with non-specific clinical signs. The present study describes the diagnosis of FHL based on clinicobiochemical, ultrasonographic, and cytological changes and evaluates the diagnostic utility of blood beta-hydroxybutyric acid (βHBA) estimation in FHL. Anorexia, weight loss, lethargy, vomiting, dehydration, and jaundice were the common clinical findings in cats with hepatic lipidosis. Serum biochemical evaluation revealed elevations in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglycerides, glucose, and total bilirubin. Ultrasonography revealed an enlarged hyperechoic liver. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the liver revealed mild to severe vacuolation in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Blood beta-hydroxybutyric acid levels were found higher in cats with hepatic lipidosis than in healthy cats and cats with other hepatic disorders. Therefore, βHBA estimation, being a quick and non-invasive method, could be considered as a diagnostic marker in the early diagnosis of FHL.
Effect of post-thaw supplementation of seminal plasma to the cryopreserved spermatozoa of Malabari bucks on in vivo fertility
Authors: Bhai K. Lekshmi , Becha B. Bibin , Jayakumar C. , Harshan Hiron M. , Shynu M. , Venkatachalapathy Thirupathy , Bindu K.A.
Published: January 2024

The study was conducted to assess the effect of post-thaw supplementation of seminal plasma to the cryopreserved spermatozoa of Malabari bucks on in vivo fertility. The ejaculates collected from Malabari bucks of good (n=3) and poor (n=3) semen freezability were pooled separately and cryopreserved. After thawing, seminal plasma from good semen freezability bucks was supplemented in such a way that group I (GFSP) included thawed semen of good freezability with supplementation, group II (GF) included thawed semen of good freezability without supplementation, group III (PFSP) included thawed semen of poor freezability with supplementation and group IV (PF) included thawed semen of poor freezability without supplementation. After a period of incubation for 10 min. at 37°C, the semen from each group was used for transcervical insemination of Malabari does of proven fertility. The results showed that there was a significant improvement in the conception rate with post-thaw supplementation. Percent of animals kidded also differed significantly in the four groups. But, prolificacy did not differ in GF and GFSP.
Academic Performance and Internet Gaming Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fatima Ambreen , Amin Rizwana
Published: January 2024

In recent years, Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) has become a global issue as people have gotten overly enthusiastic about playing excessive internet games. Adolescents who play excessively on the internet develop IGD, which impacts their academic performance.  In the present study, a comparative research design has opted to explore the impact of IGD across gender, academic performance, and adolescence. A total of 357 adolescents (males = 220, females = 137) from various private schools and colleges of Rawalpindi and Islamabad were selected to obtain data on Internet Gaming Disorder Scale 9- Short Form (IGDS9-SF). The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant main effect of IGD across gender (males & females). They indicated the evidence of the significance of the main effect for the assessment of IGD with F (1,355) = 11.36, p=.001. The results of two-way mixed factorial ANCOVA showed that there is a significant main effect for IGD across Academic Performance Groups (A, B, C, D & F grades). They indicated the evidence of the significance of the main effect for the assessment of IGD with (F (4,352) = [9.806], p<.001). Further results of two-way mixed factorial ANCOVA showed that there is a significant main effect for IGD across Groups (early & late adolescence). They indicated the evidence of the significance of the main effect for the assessment of IGD with F (1,355) = 6.594, p= .011. These findings may aid in the development of a policy for the efficient use of the Internet, as well as the development of awareness programs to educate parents about the harmful use of Internet games, as well as the identification and formulation of intervention plans for adolescents suffering from IGD symptoms and performing poorly in school.
Verba volant: sobre cómo llegaron las primeras palabras egipcias a la lengua griega
Authors: Torallas Tovar Sofia
Published: January 2024

Esta contribución presenta un estudio del contacto lingüístico más temprano entre el griego y el egipcio y los primeros préstamos léxicos que encontramos en la literatura griega. Para situar dicho contacto, se postula un escenario para este trasvase léxico en el trasiego comercial tanto en las colonias griegas en Egipto como en otros puertos del Mediterráneo, como el Pireo y Halicarnaso en época clásica.
Effects of laying hens housing system on eggs microbial contamination
Authors: Petrovič Ján , Mellen Martin , Čmiková Natália , Schwarzová Marianna , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: January 2024

Microorganisms can contaminate eggs at many stages of production, handling, preparation, and consumption. The aim of our study was the microbiological quality of the internal contents of eggs from different layer housing systems. Total bacteria, coliforms, and Salmonella spp. were isolated and identified by mass spectrometry. Total bacterial counts were isolated on Plate count agar for 48 hours at 30 °C, coliforms on Violet red bile lactose agar for 24 hours at 37 °C and Salmonella spp. on Xylose lysine deoxycholate agar for 24 hours at 37 °C. The lowest total bacterial counts were found in the cage-rearing system and the highest in the aviary-rearing system for hens housing. The number of microorganisms was evaluated on days 0. and 21. Twenty species, eighteen genera, and sixteen families were isolated from enriched cages in 0 days, while three families, three genera, and five species were isolated in 21 days, according to egg content samples. Thirteen families, sixteen genera, and twenty species were isolated from egg contents samples in the deep litter on day zero and day twenty-one, respectively, by third families, fourth genera, and seventh species. Nine families, twenty genera, and fifteen species were identified in aviaries using egg content samples on day 0, and three families, three genera, and five species on day 21. Ralstonia pickettii was the most isolated species among all samples.
Characterization of soy curd residue and full-fat soy flour as protein-based food ingredients
Authors: Osei Emmanuel Duah , Pokuah Abigail Ataa , Atinpoore Richard Atuna , Faisal Eudes Sam , Amotoe-Bondzie Anthony , Yussif Abdul-Mateni , Akabanda Fortune , Amagloh Francis Kweku
Published: January 2024

The study investigated the soy curd residue and full-fat soy flour as potential protein-based food ingredients. Standard protocols were used to determine proximate parameters, functional properties, markers of oxidative stability under shelf storage, colour (CIE L* a* b*), and microbial quality of the flours. Commercial Afayak soybean varieties were used to prepare soy curd residue flour and two differently treated soy flours, namely full-fat soy flour and cold-water extracted full-fat soy flour. Findings from the study indicate that processing treatment and storage time significantly (p<0.001) affected the parameters measured. Cold-water extraction of full-fat soy flour resulted in a significantly (p<0.001) higher protein content denoting 1.0, and 1.2-fold than full-fat soy flour and soy curd residue, respectively. Full-fat soy flour showed the highest peroxide, acid, and p-anisidine (p < 0.001) under processing and storage conditions. Soy curd residue was the most oxidatively stable among the samples; however, it was noted that cold-water extraction of full-fat soy had better oxidative stability than full-fat Soy flour. After 12 weeks of storage, peroxide and acid values were below the acceptable limit of 10 mEq/Kg and 0.6 mg/KOH/g, respectively. The study supports the hypothesis that the proximate composition, physicochemical properties, and oxidative stability of soy-based flours are affected by the sample processing method and storage time. The study concludes that the samples characterized in this study are oxidatively stable, protein and energy-rich and may be ideal ingredients for food product development with desirable functional properties.
Inteligencia artificial en la comunicación deportiva del deporte profesional: el caso de la segunda división española de fútbol
Authors: Guerrero Navarro Daniel , García Verdugo Victoria , Baptista Gil Francisco , Falcão Alves Paulo
Published: January 2024

La tecnología está inmersa en nuestra rutina social y actualmente hemos visto la irrupción de conceptos como el metaverso o los chatbots, con una tendencia creciente para la sociedad futura. La comunicación se ve afectada por toda esta revolución, tanto positiva como negativamente: hay tareas que, en apariencia, pueden ser elaboradas por la inteligencia artificial (IA), facilitando y poniendo en peligro el futuro de ciertas áreas de trabajo. Este trabajo se centra en cómo los equipos de segunda categoría del fútbol español se están adaptando a los citados cambios, como categoría profesional de la industria deportiva, pero sin los recursos humanos y económicos de los clubes de la división de élite. Se ha entrevistado a los responsables de los departamentos de comunicación de las entidades que compiten en este torneo durante la temporada 2022/23. La muestra obtenida de once equipos ha permitido conocer los servicios utilizados, las estrategias destacadas por los profesionales y las preocupaciones alrededor del oficio. Los responsables de comunicación de los clubes de manera mayoritaria están utilizando las herramientas de inteligencia artificial, pero no temen perder su puesto de trabajo por la futura implantación de dicha tecnología en su ámbito profesional.
Pencegahan Stres Pada Ibu Dengan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Di SLB Negeri Ciamis
Authors: Sukmawati Ima , Rahayu Yuyun , Asmarani Sri Utami , Rosna Anggraini Al Syifa , Marliany Heni , Nurfauziah Diny
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Having a child with special needs can be challenging for parents, especially mothers. Maternal stress can have a negative impact on the quality of life of children with special needs. Mothers with high stress tend to be authoritarian, abusive and interact negatively. High levels of stress can affect mothers' mental and physical health, so efforts need to be made to reduce these stress levels.
Objective: The purpose of this activity is to prevent and reduce stress levels in mothers of children with special needs.
Methods: This community service activity was carried out on 25 August 2023, located at SLB Negeri Ciamis, with 25 mothers who have children with special needs as respondents.  Methods in this counselling with 1) Identification of mothers who have children with special needs 2) Counselling 3) Evaluation and demonstration.
Results: Based on the evaluation results in counselling activities regarding stress prevention in mothers who have children with special needs, it is found that mothers have understood the material provided by evaluating being able to answer the questions given and can demonstrate benson therapy independently. 
Conclusion: Respondents are enthusiastic and understand the material provided, where respondents are able to answer questions given and are able to demonstrate benson therapy independently.
Pemberdayaan Ketahanan Pangan pada Stunting di Desa Buana Mekar Kecamatan Panumbangan Kabupaten Ciamis
Authors: Roslianti Elis , Ramdan Siti Rahmah Kurnia , L Yusuf Anna , Raina Ade
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Stunting is a condition where a child experiences growth disorders, so that the child's height and weight do not match his age. This is caused by a lack of nutritional intake for a long time. Indonesia is a country with multiple nutritional problems, characterized by a high prevalence of stunting and anemia in pregnant women.

Objective: The aim here is that it is hoped that stunting cases that exist, especially in the Buana Mekar Village area, can be prevented. In this way, children can grow and develop well so that an intelligent and healthy young generation is created.

Method: The community service method is carried out through counseling and discussions with female cadres at the Buana Mekar Village Hall, Ciamis Regency.

Result: Based on counseling activities, it can be concluded that 16 people (40%) of the participants were able to answer questions before the implementation of health education, before the material was delivered, there were 24 people (60%) who did not answer questions. And after the presentation was delivered, the participants' knowledge increased 100%. So it can be concluded that the participants present quite understand the material presented.

Conclusion: The conclusion of the implementation of health counseling activities regarding the handling of stunting went well in accordance with what was expected and planned. This health education is effective and has positive values for the counseling participants. This can be seen from the enthusiasm and activeness of these health education participants and the increasing knowledge about handling resistance to stunting before and after education is given.
Situación del ejercicio profesional del licenciado en instrumentación y área quirúrgica en Paraguay
Authors: Morales-Clemotte Lelis Noelia , Agüero Chamorro Débora Claudia
Published: January 2024

Introducción: en Paraguay en 1996 se crea la Escuela de Instrumentación y Área Quirúrgica, vinculada a una universidad pública, a partir del 2008 se crean otras ofertas en el sector privado. El instrumentador quirúrgico puede desempeñarse como instrumentador, circulante, coordinador general de quirófanos y coordinador de la central de esterilización. Objetivo: conocer la situación del ejercicio profesional del licenciado instrumentador quirúrgico en Paraguay. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo y trasversal. La muestra es de 167 licenciados, egresados de instituciones pública y privadas. Muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, el instrumento de recolección de datos es un cuestionario electrónico. Resultados: el 74 % son mujeres, el 50 % presenta un rango de edad de 21 a 30 años, 79,6 % egresados de una institución pública, 40 % dice tener dificultad moderada para el primer empleo. El acceso al empleo, 71 % fue por contactos personales, el 72 % se dedica a instrumentar, el 60 % tiene una antigüedad laboral de 1 a 5 años. Entre los posgrados, el 30 % posee didáctica universitaria. Discusión: instrumentador quirúrgico, reúne las exigencias para ocupar otras funciones además de instrumentar y circular en el quirófano. Igualmente, en otros estudios se evidencia menor participación en el área administrativa, docencia, mercadeo y ventas. Han trascurrido 20 años del egreso de las primeras promociones, siendo una profesión novel, poco visualizado. Es de subrayar que el estado puede ahorrar recursos económicos al contratar a instrumentadores, puesto que son expertos en los cuidados asépticos y competentes en optimizar los tiempos quirúrgicos al que se expone el paciente.
Is the Andromeda galaxy approaching our galaxy Milky Way?
Authors: Harutyunian H. A. , Grigoryan A.M. , Khasawneh A. , Torosyan A. A.
Published: January 2024

Nodoubt that thedarkenergycarrier interactswiththebaryonicmatter. Due tothis interaction someportionsofenergyaretransferringgraduallytoallbaryonicobjectsandtheirsystemswithoutany exceptionatallhierarchical levelsof thebaryonicworld. Theconsequencesof theenergytransferare quitedramatic forall objects. Themostdramaticchanges takeplaceat thenuclear level. Objectsof thisparticular levelhavetheuniversalpropertyofconvertingenergyintomass,whichultimatelyaffects thecosmicobjectsofall levelsandthebaryonicUniverseaswhole. Hearweconsiderthesideeffectof growingmassofnuclei.That istheinevitableblueshiftofspectral linesofatomspossessinghighermass nucleicomparedwiththeatomshavingnucleiof lessermass.WehypothesizeherethattheAndromeda galaxyspectral blueshift canbe resultedbyDoppler effectasacceptedbutdue tothemoreadvanced evolutioncomparedwithourgalaxybutnotbyitsapproachingvelocity.
The concept of the massive photon and its astrophysical implications
Authors: Saiyan G. A.
Published: January 2024

We discuss the concept of the massive photon with its possible implications in astrophysics. We use the term ”mass equivalent” instead of relativistic or effective mass. We also analyzed modified Planck’s law and estimated (mean mass/rest mass) ratio in connection to the temperature of blackbody radiation of the massive photons. This ratio diverges at high temperatures and approaches unity at low temperatures. The ”mass equivalent” for the CMB radiation was estimated to be equal to 0.0468% of the total mass of the Universe. We have discussed importance of the Breit-Wheeler process of particle – antiparticle production in the early Universe. We have evaluated the upper limit of the rest mass of the photon using gravitational and cosmological redshifts. A correlation was found between estimated masses of the photon and the lowest/highest frequencies of the spectral bands used for estimation of the mass.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of post-operative drainage: pilot study
Authors: ALGRAIN E , STER B , NGUYEN VO THANH P , FABECK L
Published: January 2024

Surgical drains can be placed after an operation to collect postoperative blood loss. However, these could be overestimated. Indeed, the fluid elapsed after the first postoperative day would no longer be pure blood. An early withdrawal of redon could then be considered. A monocentric prospective study of 25 patients undergoing total knee or primary hip replacement surgery, for osteo-arthritis, was conducted. Redon flow was evaluated in total volume and in composition by the sedimentation study. A qualitative analysis of the content of the redon was also carried out. To compare the elements found in the drained liquid with the blood data, a preoperative and two postoperative blood samples were taken. 18 TKA and 7 THA were included. A qualitative analysis of the postoperative flow of 11 TKA and 5 THA was requested. Decreases of sedimentation volumes and protein levels were found in the drained liquid compared to the blood for both TKA and THA. Our results tend to prove that on postoperative D1, the liquid drained in the redon would be blood, but that the liquid drained on D2 and D3 would be a mixture of blood and serum. Therefore, the real postoperative blood loss would be overestimated.
OPTIMASI TOP PRODUCT DRYER SCRUBBER (T-502) TERHADAP WATER CARRY OVER MENGGUNAKAN DOUBLE PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER DI KILANG POLYPROPYLENE PT. XYZ
Authors: Azis Andy Abdul , Agnesty Silvya Yusnica
Published: January 2024

Polypropylene merupakan salah satu produk yang dihasilkan oleh industri petrokimia. Proses pembuatan polypropylene melibatkan serangkaian langkah yang sangat kompleks. Di antara proses tersebut, pengeringan (Dryer) memegang peran yang sangat penting. Dryer scrubber (T-502) adalah alat yang digunakan oleh PT XYZ untuk mengkondensasi air yang terdapat dalam gas N2 sehingga dapat dicampur dengan siklus air. Namun, terjadi fenomena water carry over yang berdampak negatif terhadap kompresor (C-502). Berdasarkan perhitungan fase aliran, terdapat adanya air yang masuk ke dalam kompresor (C-502) sebagai media untuk sirkulasi gas N2. Fraksi mol fase uap sebesar 0,982, sementara fraksi mol fase cair sebesar 0,0918. Fase cair ini perlu dihilangkan. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, dirancanglah Double Pipe Heat Exchanger yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan fase cair melalui penguapan menggunakan steam. Dari segi ekonomi, perancangan ini memerlukan biaya sebesar Rp. 286.331.774,06, yang jauh lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan biaya kompresor sebesar Rp. 789.079.632,58. Dengan perancangan Double Pipe Heat Exchanger ini, dapat dicapai penghematan biaya sebesar Rp. 502.747.858,52.
Recent advances in the synthesis of ZnO-based electrochemical sensors
Authors: Akhoondi Asieh , Ahmad Mashkoor , Nawaz Sharif Muhammad , Aziz Shahid , Davardoost Hadi , Wali Qamar , Jan Iftikhar Faiza
Published: January 2024

Until now, various composites based on zinc oxide (ZnO) have been investigated in electrochemical sensors. The physical and electrochemical properties of ZnO and its structure can improve the selectivity, sensitivity, and adaptability of nanocomposites. Therefore, the focus on the fabrication of cheap ZnO-based electrodes with affordable and easy transportability has increased. In addition, the electrochemical behavior is affected by the structure and morphology of the ZnO-based composite in detecting pollutants such as volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, and toxins. Furthermore, ZnO-based nanostructures are efficient in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors in the food industry, pharmaceutical analysis, and medical diagnostics. In this review, various techniques in the synthesis of ZnO-based electrodes and their effect on the particle size, shape, and morphology of compounds have been collected. Since the performance of chemical sensors has a direct relationship with the structure of the composite used in its electrode, it is necessary to discuss the new production methods, new concepts, strategies, and challenges. Additionally, new gains highlight recent developments and sensing of various analytes in the monitoring systems. These sensors have demonstrated a strong growth acceleration which could lead to the development of recent technologies. At last, an optimistic outlook is provided on the future of ZnO-based sensors and their challenges.
Levels of circulating cytokines in children with multiple sclerosis with different effectiveness of interferon therapy
Authors: Radygina T. V. , Petrichuk S. V. , Kurbatova O. V. , Kuptsova D. G. , Fisenko A. P. , Semikina E. L. , Freydlin E. V. , Abdullaeva L. M. , Bursagova B. I.
Published: January 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, demyelinating disease that leads to disability. Understanding the etiology of MS contributes to the development of pathogenetic methods of treatment, and the search for informative biomarkers of the effectiveness of treatment will allow the patient to adjust therapy in time. The aim of this work was to determine informative cytokines and cytokine profiles to predict the effectiveness of IFN-β1a therapy in children with MS.Materials and methods. 66 children with MS aged 16 [14.2–17.5] years who are on INFß-1a therapy were examined: group 1 — patients with exacerbation of MS (with active foci of demyelination by MRI), n = 34; group 2 — patients in remission of MS (without active foci), n = 32. The content of cytokines in the blood serum of patients was assessed using the multiplex panel Human Th17 Magnetic Bead Panel.Results: There was a significant increase in cytokine concentrations in patients with exacerbation of MS compared with children in remission: IL5, IL6, IL9, IL12p70, IL17E/IL25, IL21, IL28A, GM-CSF, TNFß. Threshold values for IL9 (AUC = 0,785), IL6 (AUC = 0,750), TNFß (0,740), IL28A (AUC = 0,744) were obtained above which it is possible to predict an exacerbation of MS in patients: IL9 — 3.9 pg/ml (Sn — 70.6, Sp — 71.9), IL6 — 4.0 pg/ml (Sn — 70.6, Sp — 68.8), TNFß — 6.6 pg/ml (Sn — 70.6, Sp — 71.9), IL28A — 243.0 pg/ml (Sn — 70.6, Sp — 71.9). Cytokine profiles associated with T-lymphocytes and their functions were evaluated using z-score.Conclusions. For the first time, an increase in cytokine levels was demonstrated in children with active foci of demyelination compared to patients in remission of MS. An increase in proinflammatory cytokines and cytokine profiles associated with Th1 and Th17, as well as with Th2 and Th22 has been shown. The use of threshold values for IL9, IL6, TNFβ, IL28A will help predict the development of exacerbation in patients with MS.
Perception of disaster preparedness and participation in training are associated with disaster preparedness among health workers
Authors: Susila I Made Dwie Pradnya , Januraga Pande Putu , Utami Ni Wayan Arya
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Disaster preparedness is crucial for health workers in order to provide relief to communities affected by disasters quickly and precisely. However currently there are only few health workers who are prepared to face disasters. This study aims to determine the association between knowledge in disaster management, perception of disaster preparedness, participation in training and experience in disaster management with disaster preparedness in health workers.
Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among health workers at Petang and Abiansemal public health centres (PHCs). Of the six PHCs in Petang and Abiansemal Sub-districts, four were randomly selected consisting of one PHC in Petang Sub-district and three PHCs in Abiansemal Sub-district. All health workers (271 people) in the four PHCs were selected as respondents. Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted by the first author during April 2018 in the workplaces of each respondent using a pre-tested questionnaire. Data collected consisted of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge in disaster management, perceptions of disaster preparedness, participation in training, experiences in disaster management and disaster preparedness. Questions consisted of three components namely knowledge in disaster management (12 items), perception of disaster preparedness (32 items) and disaster preparedness (25 items). Bivariate analysis was conducted with chi square test and multivariate analysis with binary logistic regression to determine the association between knowledge, perception, participation in training and experience in disaster management with disaster preparedness.
Results: The results showed that 70.9% of respondents had attended disaster training, 40.6% had good knowledge, 24.7% had participated in disaster management and 49.1% had a high level of disaster preparedness. The variables significantly associated with disaster preparedness were perceptions of disaster preparedness (AOR=6.40; 95%CI: 3.71-10.99) and participation in disaster training (AOR=2.68; 95%CI: 1.44-4.97).
Conclusion: Disaster preparedness among PHC health workers remains low. Perception of disaster preparedness and participation in training are significantly associated with disaster preparedness. Continuous training is needed to increase disaster preparedness among health workers.