bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONTROLE SOCIAL COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE EFETIVAÇÃO DA BOA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA FRENTE À COVID-19
Authors: Araújo Júnior David Gomes , Severino Ágape Leila Cristina , Machado Edilson De Sousa , Silva Diego Nascimento
Published: May 2021

O cenário da gestão pública durante a pandemia de Covid-19 é complexo, uma vez que não gera somente impactos ao sistema de saúde do país, mas também consequências aos sistemas econômicos, políticos, educacionais e sociais. Tendo em vista os impactos causados pela pandemia, a Organização Mundial da Saúde recomenda um forte engajamento da comunidade. Dessa forma, o estudo se dispõe, por meio da narrativa de membros do Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Sobral, Ceará, a relatar de forma reflexiva a experiência e contribuições da participação social na tomada de decisão e o acompanhamento da gestão pública durante o período de março a novembro de 2020. Destacam-se dois movimentos vivenciados pelo Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Sobral nesse período: a adaptação dos conselheiros às tecnologias digitais para dar seguimento às ações que passaram a ocorrer de modo remoto e a intensificação do monitoramento dos gastos públicos na aquisição de bens e insumos e contratações emergenciais de profissionais, incluindo a consultacontínua das informações disponíveis no Portal da Transparência, boletins epidemiológicos e reuniões periódicas com gestores. Essas ações reafirmam a importância da participação ativa dos cidadãos, via Conselho, nos processos deliberativos, tendo como principal finalidade garantir o acesso universal à saúde e os princípios da administração pública.
O AGIR DA VIGILÂNCIA SANITÁRIA FRENTE À COVID-19 E O NECESSÁRIO EXERCÍCIO DA INTERSETORIALIDADE
Authors: Soares Ferreira Verena Emmanuelle , Cavalcante Mesquita Jéssica Maria , Parente Pollyana Dias , Costa Filho Luiz Galdino da , Ferreira Lima Marília Gouveia , Aguiar Alex Melo de
Published: May 2021

O trabalho da Vigilância Sanitária se insere no espaço regulatório do Estado, com atribuições indelegáveis de controle sanitário de processos, ambientes e da produção e consumo de bens e serviços de interesse da saúde, assumindo um importante papel na prevenção de agravos e promoção da saúde. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever as principais ações de vigilância sanitária no curso da pandemia, no município de Sobral-CE. Tratase de estudo exploratório descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em Sobral, Ceará, de março a setembro de 2020. Os cinco principais eixos de ações priorizados pela Vigilância Sanitária no curso da pandemia foram: (I) gestão e planejamento; (II) controle do risco sanitário; (III) regulação; (IV) monitoramento dos casos suspeitos e confirmados de Covid-19 em descumprimento do isolamento social; e (V) informação, comunicação e educação para a saúde, que necessitaram de articulações complexas para a sua execução e efetividade. Ações, essas, de natureza regulatória e fundamentalmente intersetoriais. A experiência reforça a importância de novas estratégias que constituam iniciativas voltadas para a superação de desafios históricos no processo de trabalho da Vigilância Sanitária, tornando o fazer mais integral e resolutivo, propondo uma articulação de políticas intersetoriais voltadas à melhoria da saúde coletiva.
ATENÇÃO ÀS PESSOAS EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA, EM SOBRAL-CE, DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Aguiar Claudine Carneiro , Sampaio Francisco Francimar Fernandes , Aragão Heliandra Linhares , Livalter Ana Lígia Assunção , Sousa José Da Silva
Published: May 2021

Este artigo descreve as ações de atenção à População em Situação de Rua realizadas no período de março a setembro de 2020, na cidade de Sobral-CE, durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Ações, estas, desenvolvidas pela Secretaria da Saúde em iniciativa intrassetorial da Coordenadoria de Políticas Sobre Drogas, Atenção Primária à Saúde, Hospitais de Campanha, Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas, Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental e da parceria intersetorial com o Centro POP, equipamento da Assistência Social destinado a atender o público em referência. A construção de um grupo de trabalho intersetorial teve a função de planejar ações de prevenção à disseminação do vírus e de atenção aos casos suspeitos e confirmados de Covid-19. Outra estratégia significativa foi a implantação de uma Unidade de Acolhimento, cujo objetivo foi assistir pessoas em situação de rua suspeitas e/ou acometidas pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 com necessidade de isolamento social para cuidados e superação da enfermidade. A intersetorialidade foi uma estratégia significativa que permitiu assegurar e ampliar a rede de cuidado por meio da identificação das necessidades das pessoas em situação de rua, da análise das demandas expressas por esse coletivo e do alinhamento do trabalho colaborativo entre os parceiros, assegurando as responsabilidades de cada um, bem como um trabalho em rede comprometido com os valores da justiça social e da saúde como direito universal.
阐明农药使用的影响和可持续发展目标：通过决策影响改善生活的科学
Authors: Raimi Morufu
Published: May 2021

没有伟大的事情不是带着诅咒来到人间的。确定农药影响的途径可能是多方面的和复杂的，因为人类面临着粮食系统重构的巨大挑战，即在保护地球健康的同时提供和传递个人能够获得的健康食品。排除其他影响的情况下，农业活动中不当使用化学农药已在南半球造成了严重的健康和环境问题。据联合国环境规划署（UNEP）和世界卫生组织（WHO）估计，农药中毒的发生率为每分钟2-3次，每年约有20 000名雇员死于农药中毒，其中大部分在新兴国家。从环境的角度来看，“化学污染的径流” 流经农田，污染了地面和地表水，破坏了淡水生态系统，破坏了渔业，并在排水农业区河口附近的沿海地区造成不断增长和可持续的“死亡地带”。通过教育，作为实现可持续发展目标的第一步，以及为遏制过度使用趋势创造可持续的激励措施，农药造成的环境和健康危害可以相对避免。其他重要挑战也需要解决，例如社会包容；减少贫困；教育、增加公平以及医疗保健；可持续能源；保护生物多样性；水安全；以及变化的气候适应和减缓。这些挑战相互关联，并体现在2030年可持续发展议程中。2015年以来，联合国所有成员国都接受了该议程，并围绕17项可持续发展目标展开工作。因此，要妥善管理这些发展迅猛的加速因素，将需要来自民间社会部门、私营和公共行动者的广泛谈判和合作。是时候将社会技术创新的挑战和人类巨大的智慧用于保护下一代和地球的未来了。然而，世界还尚未走上实现2030年全球目标的道路。在新冠肺炎爆发之前，取得了一些不均衡的进展，许多领域需要更有重点的考虑。疫情的突然爆发突然阻碍了可持续发展目标的实施，在某些情况下，甚至使几十年的进展产生倒退。
Driving public organisations using information technology.
An entrepreneurial challenge
Authors: Romanelli Mauro
Published: May 2021

Technologia stawia przedsiębiorczości wyzwania, jeśli chodzi o ponowne ustalenie demokratycznych i otwartych rządów. Budowanie rządu cyfrowego pomaga przekształcić organizacje publiczne w instytucje, które zachęcają obywateli do udziału w pracach rządu. Celem badania jest wyjaśnienie, w jaki sposób technologia prowadzi do wykorzystania przedsiębiorczości w zakresie ponownego wynalezienia oraz budowania otwartego i cyfrowego rządu. Technologia w rządzie przyczynia się do demokratyzacji życia publicznego i poprawy jakości świadczenia usług publicznych, a jednocześnie poprawia jakość życia obywateli. Pobudzanie zmian w sektorze publicznym opiera się na podtrzymywaniu potrzeby przedsiębiorczości publicznej opartej na technologii po-przez ponowne przemyślenie organizacji publicznych jako platform opartych na technologii, które przyczynia-ją się do wspólnego tworzenia wartości publicznej i społecznej poprzez utrzymanie koprodukcji usług w celu ponownego odkrycia aktywnej roli obywateli w pracach rządu.
PROTOCOLO: COLOCACIÓN Y RETIRADA DEL EQUIPO DE PROTECCIÓN PERSONAL (EPP) PARA LA ATENCIÓN DE PACIENTES CON COVID-19. HOSPITAL REGIONAL LAMBAYEQUE
Authors: Villegas Cruz Pablo Donald , Cusman Aguilar Oscar Miguel , Vásquez Acosta Diana Patricia
Published: May 2021

El virus Covid-19 se transmite a través de contacto y gotas por eso diferentes organizaciones y asociaciones de salud sugieren el uso adecuado del Equipo de protección Personal (EPP) para la atención de los pacientes con esta patología.

El objetivo principal de la elaboración del protocolo es disminuir la transmisión del virus Covid-19 desde cualquier fuente, asimismo uniformizar criterios sobre el manejo de los EPP teniendo en consideración los recursos que cuenta nuestro Hospital; además verificar la correcta colocación y retiro de los EPP a través de las listas de chequeos con el fin de disminuir o mitigar errores.

La lista de chequeo será ejecutada en el ingreso y salida del personal de salud asignada a laborar en el servicio para la atención del paciente con Covid19.
Síndrome de ovario poliquístico
Authors: García-Santamaría Marlon , Viteri-Rodríguez Juan Alberto
Published: May 2021

El síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP) es la disfunción endocrino-metabólica más frecuente en la mujer, aparece generalmente después de la menarquia, se considera la principal causa de hiperandrogenismo (HA), los genes CYP19, CYP11a, CYP17, CYP21 y FST son susceptibles y han sido identificados como contribuyentes a esta enfermedad. Genera un desequilibrio hormonal de producción atípica de esteroides, estrógenos y andrógenos, impidiendo la ovulación con un crecimiento anormal de folículos, es causante de alteraciones en el ciclo menstrual, promueve la formación de quistes en los ovarios y el aumento de tamaño de estos, acné, hirsutismo, escaso desarrollo mamario, obesidad, infertilidad y cambios emocionales. Para el diagnóstico debe existir la presencia de 2 o 3 de los siguientes condicionantes: oligoanovulación crónica, polisquistosis ovárica por ecografía, hiperandrogenismo clínico o bioquímico; En cuanto al tratamiento, se recomienda utilizar anticonceptivos orales, citrato de clomifeno y metformina.
PELAYANAN PLKB (PENYULUH LAPANGAN KELUARGA BERENCANA) DI KECAMATAN TANJUNG SENENG KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG.
Authors:   Program Studi Administrasi Publik, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, UTB Lampung, Rosidah Rosidah
Published: May 2021

Tujuan pelayanan KB adalah meningkatkan jumlah peserta KB atas kesadaran dan tanggung jawab, membina peserta KB aktif dalam rangka kelembagaan dan pembudayaan NKKBS, mencapai sasaran penurunan tingkat kelahiran dan menngkatkan menciptakan Keluarga kecil sejahtera melalui mengendalian pertumbuhan penduduk. Penelitian tentang upaya peningkatan pelayanan Penyuluh Lapangan Keluarga berencana (PLKB) berupa Faktor – faktor penghambat peningkatan pelayanan Penyluh Lapangan Keuarga Berencana (PLKB) berupa kurangnya informasi kepada calon peserta KB ,sarana dan prasaranan pendukung penyuluhan yang kurang memadai serta tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap program Keluarga Berencana. Penyampaian informasi tentang KB dan melakukan edukasi mengenai program Keluarga Berencana serta penggunaan alat kontrasepsi kepada Pasangan Usia Subur yang ada di Kecamatan Tanjung Seneng dengan menggunakan sarana komunikasi langsung atau komunikasi tatap muka dengan membuat acara penyuluhan yang dibuat dengan acara yang sesuai dengan minat masyarakat setempat agar lebih dapat menarik minat serta perhatian dari pasangan usia subur di kecamatan Tanjung Seneng. Kata Kunci: Keluarga Berencana ( KB )
Secure Software for Rail Circuits in the Form of Distributed Sensors
Authors: Mgebrishvili Nikoloz , Iavich Maksim , Iashvili Giorgi , Nodia Amiran
Published: May 2021

In order to improve the safety of train traffic, we propose to introduce into practice a new type of rail circuits, fiber-optic rail circuits. Fiber optic cable is very sensitive to external shocks, vibration and deformation, which can play a crucial role in the detection of mechanical damage of rails and wheel sets and also to improve the positioning of the rolling stock. The branches of the fiber optic cable not only serve as a conductor of information, but also serve as a sensor, as they can perceive vibration. An OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) analyzes the backscattered light signal to determine the shape of the physical impact that caused the bending. From the time between the emission of the light signal and the receipt of the backscattered signal, the fault location is calculated. The authors offer the model of the system, which will check the security problems of the trains and the rail circuits. The software of the corresponding system is presented, using the simulation techniques. The authors present the pseudo code of the software. They also offer the testing environment for the software.
A SEMI MARKOV PROCESS APPROACH IN EVALUATION OF SERVICE TIME OF BEACON MESSAGE TRANSMISSION IN THE DSRC MEDIUM ON VEHICULAR ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Bazil Wilfred C. , Selvarathi M. , Anantha Christu Raj P.
Published: May 2021

On a highway each vehicle periodically tries to communicate with the RSU by transmitting beacon messages and other general messages like position, speed, destination etc. Beacon messages need to be given high priority and high-speed service since they are important for the broadcasting vehicle and also for the other vehicles within the stipulated radius. Instead of employing a Markov model, we employ a Semi Markov process and evaluate the service time transmission of the tagged state with a particular emphasis on the QOS of the beacon messages
Efektifitas Penggunaan Games Edukasi untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan dan Hasil Belajar Siswa dengan Aplikasi Mobile Learning pada Mata Kuliah Computer Programming
Authors: Patmah Fatoni  , Mira Rosalina
Published: May 2021

Mata kuliah Computer Programming merupakan mata kuliah yang cukup banyak menyita waktu dalam menjelaskan model, kode sumber, rangkaian instruksi dan fungsi spesifik pada bahasa komputer,  dan setiap mahasiswa membutuhkan konsentrasi agar dapat memahami dan mengerti mata kuliah computer programming dalam waktu satu semester. Namun mahasiswa mengalami kejenuhan sehingga isi mata kuliah  tidak dapat tersampaikan dengan baik oleh karena itu penelitian ini menggunakan metode proses pembelajaran menggunakan games edukasi dalam satu semester. Bahasa pemrograman fungsional dan bahasa pemrograman logikal yang terdapat dalam mata kuliah computer programming dapat disampaikan melalui games edukasi yang memiliki operasi matematika dan sumber kode yang dibutuhkan dalam modus interaktif yang dapat diterjemahkan dan dieksekusi lebih mendalam dan sederhana.

Games edukasi ini merupakan media pembelajaran yang bersifat mendidik, mandiri dan merdeka dalam menjalankan pembelajaran, diharapkan mahasiswa dapat berpikir kreatif, inovatif dan produktif secara asyik dan menyenangkan. Metode penelitian pengambilan data menggunakan model pembelajaran mobile learning berupa tutorial, latihan praktek, penemuan dan simulasi pengambilan data. Dengan games edukasi aplikasi mobile learning, mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dan hasil belajar pada mata kuliah computer programming dengan melakukan metode penelitian secara kuantitatif berupa angka dan analisa menggunakan teknik statistika yang dapat dilihat dari hasil normalisasi gain yang diperoleh sebesar 0.52 atau 52% termasuk ke dalam kategori sedang atau sebagian besar mahasiswa mengalami peningkatan hasil belajar. Penggunaan games edukasi mobile learning cukup efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa dilihat dari nilai normalisasi gain dan respon belajar mahasiswa dalam pencapaian pembelajaran yang terarah dan tercapai seluruh isi satuan pembelajaran mata kuliah computer programming.

Dengan meningkatnya hasil belajar yang diperoleh maka mahasiswa memiliki kepercayaan diri yang lebih, dapat merancang tujuan lebih detail dan dapat menerima serta mempelajari hal baru yang meningkatkan ilmu dan keterampillannya.
Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on school-based agricultural education teachers in South Carolina
Authors: Eck Christopher
Published: May 2021

Understanding a complete school-based agricultural education (SBAE) program and the many tasks at hand for the teacher are critical in determining the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on SBAE teachers. The human capital theory was used to undergird this study, focusing on the components impacting the effectiveness of SBAE teachers. The purpose of the study was to determine the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on SBAE teachers in South Carolina (SC). This non-experimental survey research study reached 46.5% of SBAE teachers in SC through the electronic distribution of a 27-item survey instrument implementing a then-now design. SBAE teachers in SC felt less prepared to deliver relevant classroom instruction, supervise supervised agricultural experiences - projects, advise FFA members, and train Career and Leadership Development Events teams now than they did prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, while they feel more prepared to teach student virtually than ever before. The pandemic impacted the preparedness and self-efficacy of SBAE teachers, impacting both their career and personal life satisfaction. Moving forward SBAE teachers should evaluate their roles and responsibilities associated with their career and determine how to best bring balance into their lives. Additional research on the roles and responsibilities of SBAE teachers post-pandemic should also be considered.
Choosing a solution based on a fuzzy game with nature
Authors:   Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolai Stoletov, Chernov Vladimir G.
Published: May 2021

In business process management, semi-structured or unstructured tasks are very common. The predominance of qualitative estimates of the parameters of such problems leads to the fact that the initial requirements for the selection of appropriate information technologies can be formulated primarily at a qualitative level. In this situation, estimates in the form of linguistic statements formalized by fuzzy sets can be quite informative. Uncertainty in the initial data, the presence of several alternative solutions make it possible to formalize the problem of choosing information technology for solving semi-structured business problems as a game with nature, which is understood as a certain combination of conditions, for example, the number of users and the intensity of their requests, assessed by fuzzy, linguistic statements. The aim of the proposed work is to develop a method for finding the most appropriate solution in conditions of indistinctness of the initial data that determine the choice on a variety of possible alternative information technologies. The proposed method for finding the best solution differs in that all the necessary initial estimates are set in the form of linguistic statements formalized by fuzzy sets, while the influence of fuzzy values of the probabilities of states of nature is taken into account through point estimates of fuzzy sets formalizing these values, and an integral estimate of possible solutions is obtained by transformation of the original fuzzy estimates of alternative solutions into the form of equivalent triangular fuzzy sets. In addition, the proposed method makes it possible to use various types of membership functions of fuzzy sets that formalize these estimates when setting fuzzy initial estimates for solving the problem, as well as to simplify the comparison of integral estimates of possible alternative solutions obtained in the form of fuzzy sets.
Rationalization of university teacher's work in atypical conditions
Authors:   Synergy University, Prokimnov Nikolai N.
Published: May 2021

The educational sphere is one of the most influenced by global processes greatly accelerated during the last period, the consequences caused by them are becoming more and more radical. This paper is devoted to solving the task of reducing the load on the teacher at the expense of information to a minimum of routine operations increased, in particular, by introducing into the practice of the educational process a distant mode, subject to minimizing a reduction in high-quality level. The focus is on such an element of the work of the teacher as a summary of the final measures, for the conducting of which a unified scheme is proposed, covering the basic actions to plan and realizing activities in remote mode, evaluating and logging the responses of examinations, questions of the information interaction of the student and the teacher. The execution of a number of operations in the proposed scheme is automated, the description of the functionality and design principles of software application is given in the article. The approach is focused on achieving the highest possible level of reliability of exams, simplifying operations and transparency of the grades issued by teacher. In the proposed decision, the experience collected by the author during its practical work within the proposed approach is taken into account.
Peningkatan Kreativitas Remaja Karang Taruna Dalam Membuat Hiasan Kepala dan Masker untuk Tari Betawi Kreasi
Authors: Adisurya Susy Irma , Ariani Ariani , Wilastrina Atridia , Wiemar Rosalinda
Published: May 2021

Remaja Karang Taruna Cikoko Timur RW 02 has several routine activities, one of which is traditional Betawi dance. Based on the survey results, it is known that one of the obstacles faced is the limited funds to rent dancing equipment if you are going to appear in a show. Based on this, the Trisakti University FSRD Community Service team decided to provide training in making headdresses and masks using cheap and easily available materials. The training was carried out by giving examples (demonstrations) by the instructor and continued with practice by the participants accompanied by the PkM instructor team. The results of the training were in the form of a headdress made of chicken feathers and equipped with a mask as self-protection so that you could dance during the pandemic. Knowledge of the design and application of independently produced headdresses and face masks not only saves costs, but also hones the skills and creativity of youth of Karang Taruna. Furthermore, if it is seriously developed it will open up new business opportunities for the youth of the Youth Organization.

Remaja Karang Taruna Cikoko Timur RW 02 memiliki beberapa kegiatan rutin salah satunya adalah menari tradisional Betawi. Berdasarkan hasil survei, diketahui bahwa salah satu kendala yang dihadapi adalah keterbatasan dana untuk menyewa perlengkapan menari jika akan tampil dalam sebuah pertunjukan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tim Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat FSRD Universitas Trisakti memutuskan untuk memberikan pelatihan pembuatan hiasan kepala dan masker dengan menggunakan material yang murah dan mudah diperoleh. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan memberikan contoh (demonstrasi) oleh instruktur dan dilanjutkan dengan praktik oleh para peserta didampingi oleh tim instruktur PkM. Hasil pelatihan berupa hiasan kepala berbahan baku utama bulu ayam dan dilengkapi dengan masker sebagai proteksi diri agar tetap dapat menari selama pandemi. Pengetahuan tentang desain dan penerapannya pada hiasan kepala dan masker wajah yang diproduksi secara mandiri tidak hanya menghemat biaya, namun juga mengasah keterampilan dan kreativitas remaja Karang Taruna. Lebih jauh lagi, jika dikembangkan secara serius akan membuka peluang usaha baru bagi remaja Karang Taruna tersebut.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi pada Komitmen Organisasi dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervensi Anggota Batalyon A Brimob Mabes Sulut
Authors: Wowiling Hendrikson R. , Tewal Benhard , Wenas Rudy S.
Published: May 2021

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode
Regresi Linier Berganda untuk menjelaskan hubungan langsung dan tidak langsung
serta faktor psikologis secara simultan dan parsial dari variabel Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi, Kepuasan Kerja, dan Komitmen Organisasi pada Anggota Brimob Polri. Kantor Pusat Sulawesi Utara. Objek penelitian yang dipilih
adalah Batalyon “A” Divisi Brimob dengan sampel sebanyak 136 responden.
Teknik analisis data dengan bantuan software SPSS v.24.0 untuk Windows. Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh langsung Gaya Kepemimpinan (X1) dan
Kepuasan Kerja (Y) secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap
Komitmen Organisasi (Z), sedangkan Motivasi (X2) berpengaruh positif dan
signifikan terhadap Komitmen Organisasi (Z).
Spathulenol as the most abundant component of essential oil of Moluccella aucheri (Boiss.) Scheen
Authors: DOORANDİSHAN Mina , GHOLAMİ Morteza , EBRAHİMİ Pouneh , JASSBİ Amir Reza
Published: May 2021

The genus Moluccella (Lamiaceae) encompasses eight species among which Moluccella aucheri (Boiss.) Scheen and M. laevis L. are available in Iran. The aim of this study is characterizing the essential oil of dried aerial parts of M. aucheri collected from the South of Iran. The essential oil was hydrodistilled and then analysed by GC-MS. Twenty-one compounds were identified in the oil of M. aucheri. The most abundant components of the oil were an aromadendrane sesquiterpene; spathulenol (63.3%) together with a diterpenoid; phytol (3.5%) and a linear sesquiterpene, E-nerolidol (3.1%).
Chemical characterization and bioactivities assessment of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oil from South-western Algeria
Authors: OUGUİRTİ Nawal , BAHRİ Fouad , BOUYAHYAOUİ Ahmed , WANNER Juergen
Published: May 2021

Artemisia herba-alba Asso is a medicinal plant used widely in Algerian folk medicine for the treatment of several diseases. The present work is aimed to elucidate the chemical composition of essential oil (EO) of Artemisia herba-alba. The in vitro antibacterial activity against 11 bacterial strains, and the in vivo acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated. In this study fifty-four compounds accounting for 94.1% of total oil were identified by GC-FID and GC-MS analysis of the essential oil obtained from leaves. α-thujone (48.0%), β-thujone (13.4%), and camphor (13.1%) are found to be the major compounds. The results of the antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method revealed inhibition zones ranging from 10.00±0.0 to 36.00±0.9mm. Gram-positive was more sensitive to EO compared with Gram-negative bacteria. EO exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations and bactericidal concentrations of 2.5 mg/ml to 10 mg/ml, and 5 mg/ml to 10 mg/ml respectively. The oil was moderately toxic and belongs to category 4 according to GHS, mortality was achieved at the dose of 2000 mg/kg. EO of A. herba-alba reduced significantly the edema induced by carrageenan in rat paw at 44.07% and 44.37% (after five hours) at the doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively.
Interactive effects of salt stress and gibberellic acid (GA3) on germination and ion content of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Adjel-Lalouani Farah , Hammouchi Sara , Trad Nora , Mehalaine Souad
Published: May 2021

Salinity is becoming one of the most important environmental factors lim-iting crop productivity around the world. Different strategies are employed to achieve optimal growth in saline conditions by employing some biochemi-cal agents such as plant hormones. This article provides an experimental investigation that was conducted to explore the effect of salt stress and hor-mones on barley. Three levels of salt stress tests, (0, 100 and 200 mM NaCl) on four barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.): Jaidor, Fouara, Saida, and Tichedrett, were studied. Each test was treated with and without 20 μg/l of Gibberellic acid (GA3). Plants were assessed at germination and seedling growth stages to determine the percentage and the speed of germination, the coleoptile length, and the root length. In addition, the experimental in-vestigation was conducted to explore amount and the ash content of potas-sium and sodium due to salinity and the effect of gibberellic acid application to mitigate the impact of salt stress. The results revealed that the use of gib-berellic acid was beneficial in reducing the depressive effect of salt. In gen-eral, Jaidor registered the best results and Fouara registered the lowest ones. However, Saida and Tichedrett were marked with a high root K/Na ratio. In conclusion, the application of salt stress negatively affected the growth of the four studied genotypes. This effect is even more important as the intensity of the stress is high. However, the application of the GA3 hor-mone reduced the negative impact of the salt stress on all measured param-eters.
Oral Care in Hospital Settings: Breaking the Vicious Circle of Older Adult Deconditioning
Authors: Oda Keiko , Montayre Jed , Parsons John , Boyd Michal
Published: May 2021

Hospitalized older adults frequently develop aspiration pneumonia, swallowing dys-function (dysphagia), and sarcopenia. In the current study, we propose a framework that incorporates these three factors into a vicious circle that leads to deconditioning, a condition frequently experienced by this vulnerable population. Viewing aspiration pneumonia, dysphagia, and sarcopenia, along with their interrelationships through the lens of this vicious circle, illuminates the critical role that oral health plays in deconditioning. Moreover, this framework highlights oral care as a key nursing intervention for reducing deconditioning in hospitalized older adults. Supporting this view, several studies have shown that oral care can improve health outcomes for hospitalized older adults. However, despite oral care being an essential nursing intervention that restores oral function and promotes patient wellness, it is one of the most neglected nursing interventions. Missed oral care occurs due to staff's limited awareness of its significance for care-dependent older adults in hospital settings. We hope that this vicious circle paradigm helps raise awareness of the significance of oral care to prevent deconditioning in hospitalized older adults. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(6), 7–12.]
Improving Delirium Care in Hospitalized Older Adults: Impact of Education on Hospital Aides as Sitters
Authors: Kakiuchi Sandra , Burger Kathleen , Lo Serena H. Y.
Published: May 2021

As one of several hospital team members involved in the management of care for older adults with delirium, hospital aides (HAs) are often relied on to provide direct patient care in the role of a sitter. Yet, many HAs have not received training about delirium, its associated behaviors, or appropriate interventions. As a consequence, there are gaps in quality of care for older adults with delirium and potential missed opportunities for HA sitters to contribute to the interdisciplinary team (IDT) care of these patients. In the current study, a quality improvement project at an urban hospital provided an educational session on delirium to HAs. Accuracy of HA delirium knowledge, delirium behavior recognition, and delivery of care to patients with delirium significantly increased across three postintervention measures (
p
= <0.001 to 0.016). HAs also reported increased confidence in caring for patients with delirium and in their perceived role on the IDT. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(6), 20–26.]
Clinical Characteristics of Eyes Showing a Discrete Margin of Different Retinal Reflectivity
Authors: Park Jin Heung , Kwon Soonil , Yang Hyeontak , Jeon Sohee
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the clinical characteristics of discrete margins of different retinal reflectivity (DMDRR) in ultra-widefield fundus photography.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This DMDRR comprises a discrete border, with differing patterns of reflectivity on either side. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was performed on both the macula and the margin. The incidences of epiretinal membrane (ERM) and peripheral retinal pathologies of patients with a DMDRR (n = 36) were compared with a control group (n = 41).

RESULTS:

An ellipsoid zone (EZ) defect at the DMDRR was detected in 34 eyes (92.2%), and vitreous traction was detected in 20 eyes (55.6%). A significantly higher proportion of eyes in the DMDRR group had an ERM, retinal hole, and cystic retinal tuft compared with the control group (
P
= .022,
P
= .010, and
P
< .001, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

The DMDRR indicates EZ disruption that may originate from vitreous traction. Meticulous observation for vitreoretinal interface diseases is mandatory for these patients.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:273–280.]
Quantitative Modeling of Ultra-Widefield Choroidal Indocyanine Green Angiography in Systemic Vascular Diseases
Authors: Kovacs Kyle D. , Young Benjamin , Adelman Ron A.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate quantitative measurements of choroidal vasculature as obtained via ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in patients with systemic vascular diseases.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective chart review and image analysis of 38 eyes from 21 patients with ICGA as part of routine retinal care. Images were binarized with lines drawn at specific antero-posterior landmarks. The vessel density and mean vessel caliber were measured along these lines and correlated with systemic vascular disease status.

RESULTS:

Unlike those with other systemic vascular diseases, patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were found to have increased choroidal vascular density and vessel caliber in all measurements of the peripheral choroid compared with those patients without (
P
< .05 for all measurements).

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients with OSA may have increased vascular density secondary to increased choroidal vessel caliber. Further work is needed to validate the modeling and confirm the association.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:281–287.]
LETRAMENTO CRÍTICO E PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA ADICIONAL
Authors: CALDERÓN ANA CARLA BARROS SOBREIRA , Tagata William Mineo
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo faz uma análise do material didático utilizado por professores de português como língua adicional (doravante PLA), em uma instituição de ensino na cidade de La Paz (Bolívia) à luz dos estudos do Letramento Crítico. O aporte teórico tem como referência autores como Kleiman e Tagata, que discorrem sobre a importância do desenvolvimento da criticidade no sujeito em suas diversas práticas sociais, Menezes de Souza, que considera a importância da língua como prática social, e Monte Mór, que destaca o uso da língua como manifestação da multiplicidade de culturas e da produção de múltiplas semioses. A análise dos dados sugere que o material didático usado na instituição não contempla o ensino de PLA em uma perspectiva de letramento crítico, deixando de propiciar uma reflexão crítica sobre o uso da Língua Portuguesa em sua variante brasileira na Bolívia.
REACHING HIGHER: UNDERSTANDING STUDENT DEVELOPMENT AND DEPARTURE
Authors: Oppelt Camila Quevedo
Published: May 2021

Since its foundation, post-secondary institutions have demonstrated a concern to the high rates of student departure which have led to a proliferation of studies focused on college students’ interest and retention in the 1970s (ASTIN, 1975; COPE e HANNAH, 1975; LENNING, 1978; TINTO, 1975). Concentrating on the institutions’ role, this study aims at—in a historical perspective—finding out: (i) how have institutions been viewing student interest and attrition and how (and if) they have been acting upon it, and (ii) if student academic failure has been in any way seen as related to it. It was observed that is through programs of academic and student leadership and discussion panels that students are given the opportunity to engage in the college community—learning with and from their peers.
Comparative Analysis of Various Soft Computing Technique-Based Automatic Licence Plate Recognition Systems
Authors: Sharma Nitin , Dahiya Pawan Kumar , Marwah B. R.
Published: May 2021

Traffic on Indian roads is growing day by day leading to accidents. The intelligent transport system is the solution to resolve the traffic problem on roads. One of the components of the intelligent transportation system is the monitoring of traffic by the automatic licence plate recognition system. In this chapter, a automatic licence plate recognition systems based on soft computing techniques is presented. Images of Indian vehicle licence plates are used as the dataset. Firstly, the licence plate region is extracted from the captured image, and thereafter, the characters are segmented. Then features are extracted from the segmented characters which are used for the recognition purpose. Furthermore, artificial neural network, support vector machine, and convolutional neural network are used and compared for the automatic licence plate recognition. The future scope is the hybrid technique solution to the problem.
Digital Leadership and Professional Development
Authors: Altrogge Virginia E. , Parks Ruby L.
Published: May 2021

In order to successfully collaborate—whether in person, through technology, or using a hybrid of both methods—the participants of the collaboration must adopt a shared vision for the product of the partnership. A shared vision can be created by surveying group members' values and communicating about these ideas in order to build trust and respect among the collaborators. Through this process, which will be outlined in more detail in this chapter, collaborative leaders can work together with their partners to envision and realize projects that reach beyond what any individual could achieve alone. On a more concrete level, several practices have been proven to lead to more successful collaborative leadership. The ones that will be discussed in this chapter are learning walks, peer observation, professional learning networks, book studies, social networking, professional learning/networking communities, and video observations.
5G and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) Use Cases
Authors: Makropoulos Georgios , Koumaras Harilaos , Setaki Fotini , Filis Konstantinos , Lutz Thomas , Montowtt Pawel , Tomaszewski Lechoslaw , Dybiec Piotr , Järvet Tanel
Published: May 2021

In the past few years, UAVs have evolved considerably towards real-world applications, going beyond entertaining activities. The unique features that UAVs can provide, such as flexible and easy deployment, high mobility, and mostly autonomous operation, tend to be appealing solutions in a wide variety of applications. With the number of UAVs expected to increase significantly in the forthcoming years, it is deemed mandatory to integrate innovative features of communication technologies in order to tackle several limitations and challenges that exist to date. To this end, the amalgamation of UAVs and 5G cellular networks is an auspicious solution in order to realise the full potential that the UAVs can provide as well as to effectively open up new fields of applications. The unique features that 5G cellular networks offer are utilised for supporting and providing reliable and secure UAV command and control. This chapter provides an overview of the 5G technology to support communication services for the UAV ecosystem.
Development of Solar-Powered Microcontroller-Relay-Based Control System Omnidirectional Wheelchair
Authors: Okafor Patrick Uche , Arinze Ndidi Stella , Onah Osondu Ignatius , Ogbodo Ebenezer Nnajiofo
Published: May 2021

A solar-powered omnidirectional wheelchair is implemented for physically challenged persons. The framework was mounted on the wheels that were connected with two direct current (DC) motors. The ratings of the battery and solar module were determined using system voltage (12V). A 7,805-voltage regulator was used to supply 5VDC to the AT89352 microcontroller. The microcontroller was programmed to provide a reference signal to the motor. The motor provides the needed torque to drive the wheels through interconnected relays. The relays are energized by the microcontroller and omnidirectional movement achieved through relays connected with microprocessor and micro switches, eliminating the need for joysticks and complex control mechanisms. System performance test result showed that the auxiliary solar power supply of the wheelchair increased the travel range by approximately 86% compared with that of a wheelchair powered by battery alone.
The Changing Global Landscape With Emerging Technologies and Their Implications for Smart Societies
Authors: Seuwou Patrice , Adegoke Vincent F.
Published: May 2021

The opportunities offered by digital technology are enormous. The global social and economic system is being reconfigured at an incredible rate. Connectivity is increasingly reshaping our world and redefining the way we interact with our environment. The rise of digital technologies is transforming almost every aspect of modern life. More and more of our interactions are mediated by machines. Along with the rapid evolution comes the risks, threats, and vulnerabilities in the system for those who plan to exploit it. In this chapter, firstly, the authors explore the role of 5G, big data, the internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous vehicles (AV), and cloud computing play in the context of smart societies; secondly, they analyse how the synergy between these technologies will be used by governments and other stakeholders around the world to improve the safety of citizens albeit increasingly relinquishing privacy rights and encouraging mass surveillance at the expense of liberty.
Modern Approaches to Creating Highly Undetectable Stegosystems (HUGO Systems)
Authors: Kustov Vladimir N. , Krasnov Alexey G. , Silanteva Ekaterina S.
Published: May 2021

This chapter's primary goal is to provide a comprehensive approach to the development of new highly undetectable stegosystems that greatly complicate their steganalysis. The authors propose several implementations of highly undetectable stegosystems, the so-called HUGO systems, using an integrated approach to their synthesis. This approach most fully considers the features of transmitting hidden messages over highly noisy communication channels. At the stage of embedding hidden messages, the authors suggest actively using their discrete transformations. The authors also propose increasing the secrecy of secret messages by converting them to a form that resembles natural noise. The authors use a discrete chaotic decomposition of the Arnold cat map (ACM) to do this. The authors also suggest using highly efficient noise-tolerant encoding and multi-threshold decoding to combat interference in the communication channel and an embedding algorithm. The authors also describe two original stegosystems ±HUGO and ⨁HUGO and test results confirming their effectiveness.
Multimedia Data Protection Using Hybridized Crystal Payload Algorithm With Chicken Swarm Optimization
Authors: Kalimuthu Sivanantham , Naït-Abdesselam Farid , B. Jaishankar
Published: May 2021

This research consists of three phase. The first model includes a crystal payload encryption method watermarking scheme and an attack-free encryption scheme called international data encryption algorithm (IDEA). The second model is a binary grey scale image in chicken swarm optimization (CSO) applied to copyright production parameter optimized swarm intelligence domain-based approach, which is compared to conventional approaches. The work performance has been evaluated for conventional machine learning approach using MATLAB. The simulation results show that proposed hybridized crystal payload algorithm with chicken swarm optimization (HCPECSO) scheme achieves a high copyright production with the lowest mean square error values and highest peak signal noise ration when compared with the existing approaches schemes like machine learning SVM, logistic regression, and neural network. The proposed HCPECSO attained less processing time of 32.33s and processing cost compared to existing schemes.
Design and Development of Hybrid Algorithms to Improve Cyber Security and Provide Securing Data Using Image Steganography With Internet of Things
Authors: Mehta Abhishek Rajeshkumar , Rathod Trupti Pravinsinh
Published: May 2021

Internet of things (IoT) is a typical thing (object) in this day and age, which fills in as a component of our standard life exercises. In spite of the fact that it benefits the private region in a few different ways, different difficulties, for example information classification and protection, are made. Web of things (IoT) is all over the place and utilized in a lot more advantageous functionality. It is utilized in our homes, clinics, fire counteraction, and announcing and controlling of ecological changes. Information security is an urgent prerequisite for IoT since the number of late advances in various spaces is expanding step by step. Different endeavors have been set to sate the client's expectations for greater security and protection.
Informal Regional Institutions and National Resilience
Authors: Crump Larry
Published: May 2021

With the apparent demise of globalization, many states are turning to regional solutions to achieve trade and development goals while institutional structure is fundamental to the strategic and managerial operations of such associations. This study seeks to understand the strategic costs and benefits, as well as the management opportunities and challenges, of a regional institution that maintains an informal structure while specifically examining the relationship between informal regional structure and member (national) resilience. This investigation develops a resilience framework and tests it against a unique structural form, the Pacific Alliance (Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru), which operates without incorporation as a legal entity, without a centralized budget, and without a secretariat. This study reasons that an informal regional institution supports national resilience through an adaptation strategy but not an adaptability strategy and concludes that an informal regional model appears to support continual national development through the adoption of member ‘best practice'.
Economic Complexity and Trade Diversification in the Western Hemisphere Between 1962 and 2017
Authors: Falcón Gómez Jorge Mauricio , Martín Mayoral Fernando
Published: May 2021

Trade diversification patterns help explain the level of utilization of trade opportunities by countries, mainly the least developed. Empirical analyses show an inverse U relationship between trade diversification and level of development. Trade diversification measures used do not take into account differences in complexity of exports, and complexity indices only consider products with comparative advantages. This study seeks to cover both gaps by analyzing the differences in the determinants of trade diversification, considering the complexity of products exported by 19 Western Hemisphere countries from 1962 to 2017. The results show that after controlling for economic complexity, the inverted U relationship disappears. Development of financial markets positively affects the complexity of trade diversification in the long term, while the terms of trade that have a negative effect on trade diversification does not affect the complexity-corrected indices. In the short term, transaction costs and trade openness appear to have a significant effect.
Renegotiation of USCM and Its Impact on the Agricultural Exports of Sinaloa
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: May 2021

Mexico, like other countries, invested in measures to attract foreign direct investment. It therefore signed the USCM Agreement in 1994, a treaty that imposed Mexico as the largest direct exporter to the United States, a country that is likely to leave the treaty by renegotiating USMC. Therefore, this research is carried out to determine the advantages and disadvantages of renegotiation based on Sinaloa's agricultural exports, with the question of whether it would negatively affect Sinaloa's agricultural exports.
Determinants of Specialization and Main Trends in International Trade
Authors: Dumitrescu Iulia Monica
Published: May 2021

This chapter presents a review of the determinants of specialization and the main trends in international trade. Globalization, trade agreements, new economic poles, and regional integration represent the most influential trends in international trade. Research in this field shows that the main determinants of specialization are demographic change; advances in technology, investment, and energy; and natural resources. Each of the mentioned determinants of specialization and trends will be discussed and constitute a separate section with relevant research and key findings.
The Relationship Between Price Indices and Pricing Methods
Authors: Kar Mikail
Published: May 2021

Incumbent firms, potential new entrants, policymakers, and regulatory authorities want to know the commonly used pricing method in the market to which they are associated to use in their decisions and strategies. The most widely used approach to determining the pricing method commonly used in a market in the literature is to analyze the causality relationship between producer and consumer prices. It is accepted that the demand-based pricing method is commonly used in the markets where the change in consumer prices leads the producer prices, and the cost-based pricing method is commonly used in the markets where the change in the producer prices leads the consumer prices. This study examines pricing methods and price indices and discusses the determination of the pricing method commonly used in a market based on the causality relationship between the producer and consumer price indices.