bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of the parameters of a composite material by experimental-computational damping research
Authors: Eremin V. P. , Guseva E. E. , Bolshikh A. A.
Published: February 2023

Calculation of the modal and damping characteristics necessary to eliminate resonant oscillation of products made of polymeric materials requires reliable data on the elastic characteristics of the material. The problem is that the mechanical properties of polymer composite materials depend on a large number of factors. The aim of the work is to determine the damping coefficients for a layered composite material and the subsequent validation of the mathematical model. The Rayleigh damping model was chosen to calculate the damping coefficients. The choice is due to the fact that the resulting stiffness and mass matrix is determined by the natural oscillation modes of the problem without attenuation, which makes it possible to split the modes into separate dynamic subtasks. A sample made according to the ASTM standard was chosen as the object of study. To increase an error of the calculation, the mathematical model of the sample was modeled in detail by the finite element method using the technique of layer-by-layer modeling. The method for determining the damping coefficients is carried out in three stages. At the first stage, with the help of modal analysis, the natural oscillation modes are determined, corresponding to the nature of the oscillation studied in the experiment. At the second stage, an implicit dynamic analysis with default damping parameters in order to calculate the damping ratio is performed. At the last stage, a steady-state dynamic analysis taking into account the characteristics obtained in the previous stages. Next, an iterative process begins, including implicit and steady-state dynamic analyses, performed alternately. At each step, the previously calculated Rayleigh proportionality coefficients are introduced into the model. As a result of the identification of the mathematical model, the damping coefficients α and β are calculated. The damping experiment was chosen as a validation problem. The damping ratio ζ was chosen as the criterion of convergence with the experimental data.
Effects of Escherichia pollution and salinity on nutrient levels in submerged vegetated wetlands: Insights into benthic community stability and metabolisms
Authors: Chen Jia-yun , Wu Jian-yi , Xu Run-yang , Hua Zu-lin , Gu Li
Published: February 2023

Inner coastal wetland ecosystems are generally eutrophic and are often exposed to both salinity stress and Escherichia coli pollution. However, the effects of these stressors on nutrient-cycling and microbial communities are under-researched. Here, we established a vegetated wetland ecosystem in a saline environment to understand the effects of E. coli pollution on nutrient removal and benthic microorganisms. The results show that E. coli significantly inhibited nutrient removal, especially total nitrogen (TN) and ammonium (78.89–84.98 and 3.45–44.65% were removed from the non-E. coli-treated and the E. coli-treated water, respectively). Compared with non-vegetated systems, archaeal community variations at both compositional and phylogenetic levels were weakened in vegetated systems (p < 0.05). Among all the environmental factors, the ratios of PO43--P to total phosphorus and NO3--N to TN contributed the most to archaeal and bacterial community structural variations, respectively. E. coli pollution affected archaeal community succession more than bacteria (p < 0.05). E. coli also weakened the trophic transferring efficiencies between Cyanobacteria and Myxobacteria (p < 0.05). Metabolically, E. coli inhibited bacterial genetic metabolic pathways but made human infection more likely (p < 0.05). Our findings provide new insights into aquatic ecological conservation and environmental management.
Hydrochemical characteristics and driving factors of travertine deposition in Huanglong, Sichuan, SW, China
Authors: Gao Wenhao , Zhang Jing , Zhang Weizhen , Sun Dong , Guo Jiawei , Zhao Songjiang , Zeng Ying , Liu Xinze
Published: February 2023

The hydrochemical characteristics were analyzed by mathematical statistics, the hydrochemical types were analyzed by Piper three line diagram, and the sources and influencing factors of main ions in surface water were discussed by Gibbs diagram and ion correlation analysis. The results show that the TDS of surface water in the study area is 109–559 mg·L−1, and the average value is 318.67 mg·L−1; The pH value is 6.81–8.62, and the average value is 7.85. Most of them belong to weakly alkaline water. The surface water cation is mainly Ca2+ and Mg2+, the anion is mainly HCO3- and the hydrochemical type is HCO3–Ca. Through the correlation analysis of the main ions, it can be seen that TDS has a significant positive correlation with Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and HCO3−, and these ions contribute to TDS. HCO3− has a significant correlation with Na+, K+ and Mg2+ and comes from carbonate rocks. According to the analysis of water–rock model, the hydrochemical genesis of surface water in the study area is mainly controlled by rock weathering, most ions are weathered and dissolved by carbonate rock and evaporated salt rock and a few cations are affected by water ion exchange.
Antioxidant and Antiangiogenic Effect of Homoleptic Palladium (II) Carboxamide Complex Loaded Chitosan Modified PLGA Nanoparticles: In vitro Evaluation and In vivo Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay
Authors: Öztürk A. Alper , Ünver Hakan , Kıyan H. Tuba
Published: February 2023

Background:

Angiogenesis is a natural and complex mechanism that is regulated by biomolecules formed by the body. Medicinal inorganic chemistry is increasing in popularity due to metal-based compounds, offering significant chances and possibilities for building novel anti-cancer medicines with promising anti-angiogenic effects.

Objective:

This study aimed to examine the successful results obtained from treatments with nanoparticle formulations of active drug substances.

Methods:

The nanoprecipitation/solvent displacement approach, with some changes, was used to make PLGA-based NPs.

Results:

The particle size obtained in the blank formulation was 82.4–473.9 nm, while the particle size in the API-loaded NPs was 193.2–678.0 nm. Among the formulations, NP-950-P, NP-390-P, and NP-350-CSP2 were found to have significant antioxidant potentials with IC50 values of 3.025, 5.198, and 7.4242 µg.mL-1, respectively, when compared to Vit C. According to the microscopic evaluations, NP-950-P (including Pd(PyCrbx)2Cl2 as 50 µg.pellet-1) and NP-950-CSP2 (including Pd(PyCrbx)2Cl2 as 50 µg.pellet-1) showed strong anti-angiogenic effect whereas the other NP formulations showed weak anti-angiogenic effect when compared with the positive control (±)-Thalidomide at the concentration of 50 µg.pellet-1.

Conclusion:

When the results were examined, it was found that nanoscale drug carrier systems were prepared, and high antioxidant activity and anti-angiogenesis activity were detected, especially in nanoparticles prepared with 950. As per our knowledge, it is the first study in this field that will bring a new perspective to cancer treatment.
Association of microRNA-146a rs57095329 Polymorphism with Susceptibility
to Primary Gout in a Chinese Han Population
Authors: He Yi-Xi , Zhang Quan-Bo , Dai Fei , Zheng Jian-Xiong , Qing Yu-Feng
Published: February 2023

Background:

MicroRNA-146a (miR-146a) plays a critical role in the regulation of auto-inflammatory diseases, including gout. There is growing evidence that miR-146a gene single nucle-otide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with different diseases, but no genetic relevance studies of miR-146a gene polymorphisms to gout have been reported by now.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the miR-146a rs57095329 genetic polymorphism and the susceptibility to primary gout in the Chinese Han popu-lation.

Methods:

A case-control study was performed in this report to examine the potential association be-tween gout and the functional rs57095329 SNP of miR-146a in a Chinese population consisting of 448 primary gout patients (containing 76 tophi patients) and 418 healthy controls. MiR-146a ex-pression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was measured in 81 gout patients (includ-ing 32 tophi patients and 49 non-tophi patients) and 47 healthy subjects.

Results:

There was no significant difference found in the distribution of miR-146a rs57095329 be-tween 448 gout patients and 418 healthy subjects (P > 0.05). However, significant differences in genotypes and allele distributions were found between 76 gout with tophi patients and 418 healthy subjects, as well as between gout with tophi (76) and with no tophi patients (372) (P < 0.01, respec-tively). Gout patients with AG/GG genotypes had a 0.323-fold reduced risk for tophi than those with the AA genotype, and the G allele had a 0.362-fold reduced risk of tophi. Furthermore, in 32 tophi patients, the GG genotype was significantly associated with increased expression of miR-146a.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that rs57095329 may play a protective role in tophi gout suscep-tibility, and rs57095329 A > G variant may modulate the expression of miR-146a in tophi patients.
Targeting SHP2 reverses BRAF inhibitor tolerance in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Li Jing-dong , Tang Tao , Zhou Jie , Zhang Li-xin , Yang Gang , Li Wei-nan , Zhu Jian-jiao , Xiong Yong-fu
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

To explore the possibility of a combination of dabrafenib and SHP2 inhibitor in the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and to provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer.

Patients and Methods:

Firstly, a drug resistance model was established, and the expression levels of related RTK were detected by qPCR. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in the control group, single-drug group and two-drug combination group. The gene silencing of SHP2 was achieved by transfection of siRNA and verified by Western blot. CCK8 kit and clone formation assay were used to detect cell proliferation activity. In vivo model of mutant thyroid cancer cells was established by subcutaneous injection of mice and then divided into four groups. Tumor diameter was measured every two days. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of p-ERK, p-AKT and Ki67 in mouse tumors.

Results:

In this study, dabrafenib-resistant ATC cells were first constructed, and the response of RTKs in drug-resistant cells was upregulated to activate Akt and MER/ERK pathways. The activation of Akt and MEK/ERK pathways in the combination group was significantly inhibited, and the proliferation ability of tumor cells was significantly reduced compared with Dabrafenib, SHP099 group and DMSO group. To verify that SHP099 was not off-target, we also silenced SHP2 expression by transfection with siRNA and obtained the same results. Finally, by building a mouse drug resistance model, we confirmed that dabrafenib and SHP099 can also play a powerful anti-cancer effect in vivo.

Conclusion:

The SHP2 inhibitor SHP099 can effectively reverse the drug resistance of dabrafenib through inhibiting the reactivated RAS signaling pathway in anaplastic thyroid cancer.The combination of dabrafenib with SHP2 inhibitor has shown significant tumor suppressive effects for dabrafenib-resistant cells and it may be a new therapeutic strategy with longer lasting therapeutic benefits.
Thioredoxin Interacting Protein Inhibitors in Diabetes Mellitus: A Critical
Review
Authors: Kar Ayushi , Paramasivam Balamurugan , Jayakumar Darshini , Swaroop Akey Krishna , Jubie Selvaraj
Published: February 2023

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the highest contributors to global mortality, exceeding
numbers of even the three major infectious diseases in the world, namely Tuberculosis, HIV
AIDS, and Malaria. DM is characterised by increased serum levels of glucose caused by a loss of
beta cells of the pancreatic islets, responsible for the secretion of insulin. Upon accumulation of
data via a wide array of literature surveys, it has been found that Thioredoxin Interacting Protein
(TXNIP) presents itself as a vital factor in controlling the production and loss of beta islet cells.
TXNIP inhibits the action of the Thioredoxin (TRX) protein found in the beta cells thereby rendering
it ineffective in maintaining the cellular redox balance causing oxidative stress and subsequent
consequences ultimately leading to aggravation of the disease. TRX exists in the form of two
isoforms - TRX1, which is located in the cytosol and at times translocates to the nucleus, and
TRX2, which is located in the nucleus. TRX is responsible for the maintenance of the normal cellular
redox balance by reducing the oxidised proteins formed by the Reactive Oxygen Species
(ROS) with the help of NADPH dependent TRX Reductase enzyme. This proves to be essential in
the pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus as the beta cells of the pancreatic islets lack a sufficient
amount of antioxidant systems. Thus, inhibition of TXNIP has become essential in the survival of
beta cells, not only enhancing insulin secretion and sensitivity but also alleviating the diseases associated
with Diabetes. Hence, TXNIP is discovered to be a unique therapeutic target in the management
of DM.
EFFECT OF MIRROR THERAPY THROUGH FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITIES TO IMPROVE MOVEMENT AS CENTRAL POST-STROKE PAIN TREATMENT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Ramadhani Suaib Wahyuni , Nandar Kurniawan Shahdevi
Published: February 2023

Background: Stroke patients generally have disorders related to decreased functionality, motor disturbances being the most common. One symptom of stroke is sudden weakness of one side of the body on the face, arms and legs. Central post-stroke pain is a condition of central neuropathic pain arising directly from lesions of the cerebrovascular central somatosensory nervous system. Mirror therapy is a non-pharmacological therapy in the form of imaging of the limbs, where a mirror medium is used to convey visual stimulation to the brain through observing body parts of patients who are not disabled while doing a series of movements. Mirror therapy helps in reducing disability in the limbs of stroke patients and as a treatment. for post-stroke central pain, thereby helping to improve functional limbs and shorten the rehabilitation period. Summary of case: A 54-year-old man with painful spastic left hand has been diagnosed with infarct stroke in the right thalamus 2 years ago. Mirror therapy has been done for two weeks, precisely six days per week with a duration about 30 minutes. Mirror therapy is done by using a mirror media that is placed on both arms and hands of the patient symmetrically and the patient observes the reflection of a healthy limb through flexion, extension, finger counts, and grasping objects. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS Score) is used to measure the level of pain before and after mirror therapy. After one month of mirror therapy the patient experienced an increase in motor function and decrease in pain scale. Conclusion: Mirror therapy is a promising non-pharmacological method in reducing disability and central pain after stroke.
Impactos del conflicto armado colombiano sobre el medio ambiente y acciones para su efectiva reparación
Authors: Molina-Orjuela Douglas Eduardo , Chavarro-Ospina Sharon Gabriela , Guzmán-Alvarado Bertsy Oriana
Published: February 2023

Este artículo aborda el fenómeno de la deforestación en Colombia y cómo el conflicto armado ha influido en él, así como las acciones de reparación que pueden implementarse tanto desde las instituciones del Estado como desde las organizaciones sociales y las propias comunidades locales afectadas. Para ello, mediante una metodología cualitativa de revisión documental, primero se analizan los impactos del conflicto sobre la deforestación, su relación con actividades económicas ilícitas y el papel de los actores involucrados. Luego se aborda la relación entre ecosistemas y comunidades, concretamente las poblaciones indígenas y campesinas que habitan los territorios afectados y las graves consecuencias sufridas. Finalmente, se estudian algunas acciones de reparación ambiental, como la Operación Artemisa del Ejército, y otras iniciativas desarrolladas desde la perspectiva local de las comunidades, su saber y sus necesidades específicas.
Disposiciones de acuerdos de paz y sus efectos en estabilidad y reconciliación (1989-2012)
Authors: Villalba-Garcia Luisa Fernanda , Cujabante-Villamil Ximena Andrea , Coronado-Camero Faiver , Sierra-Gutiérrez William Alfredo , Polo-Puentes Fernando Andres
Published: February 2023

La rapidez y complejidad de las transformaciones en los escenarios de seguridad y defensa desafían la estabilidad y la reconciliación que han buscado los acuerdos de paz que han dado término a conflictos intra- e interestatales en diversas regiones del mundo. Por ello, a través del análisis de 34 casos en 5 continentes entre 1989 y 2012, este artículo identifica disposiciones comunes que han incluido los acuerdos de paz agrupados por regiones, con el fin de aportar una herramienta para futuros análisis. Se concluye que disposiciones como el desarme, el mecanismo de verificación/monitoreo y la reforma policial son las más empleadas a nivel mundial y, por ende, menos sujetas a modificaciones, mientras que otras como los derechos de las minorías, los derechos de los niños, el arbitraje internacional y el poder territorial compartido son las menos compartidas y quizás más propensas a generar nuevos agravios y episodios de violencia.
Las capacidades estratégicas de Colombia para enfrentar las amenazas extrarregionales y transnacionales
Authors: Montero-Moncada Luis Alexander , González-Martínez Miguel Antonio , Jiménez-Almeira Gabriel Andrés
Published: February 2023

Este artículo se propone evaluar las fortalezas y debilidades de Colombia para enfrentar las amenazas extrarregionales y transnacionales actuales, a partir de una concepción teórica de las variables constitutivas del poder de los Estados. Para ello, se analizan las amenazas extrarregionales y transnacionales en el escenario presente y futuro, lo cual muestra amenazas difusas, con agentes ágiles, convergentes y apalancados en herramientas propias del mundo globalizado para ampliar su espectro de acción. Luego se aborda la ecuación general del poder de los Estados desde un enfoque de smart power, para establecer el balance actual del Estado colombiano frente a los retos derivados de estas amenazas. Se identifican debilidades en el poder geopolítico, en la capacidad militar de enfrentar la guerra híbrida y en el rezago de profesionalismo en sus capacidades diplomáticas.
Data Science as a Core Competency in Undergraduate Medical Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care (Preprint)
Authors: Seth Puneet , Hueppchen Nancy , Miller Steven D , Rudzicz Frank , Ding Jerry , Parakh Kapil , Record Janet D
Published: February 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The increasingly sophisticated and rapidly evolving application of artificial intelligence in medicine is transforming how health care is delivered, highlighting a need for current and future physicians to develop basic competency in the data science that underlies this topic. Medical educators must consider how to incorporate central concepts in data science into their core curricula to train physicians of the future. Similar to how the advent of diagnostic imaging required the physician to understand, interpret, and explain the relevant results to patients, physicians of the future should be able to explain to patients the benefits and limitations of management plans guided by artificial intelligence. We outline major content domains and associated learning outcomes in data science applicable to medical student curricula, suggest ways to incorporate these themes into existing curricula, and note potential implementation barriers and solutions to optimize the integration of this content.
Evaluating Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Settings—Let Us Not Reinvent the Wheel (Preprint)
Authors: Cresswell Kathrin , de Keizer Nicolette , Magrabi Farah , Williams Robin , Rigby Michael , Prgomet Mirela , Kukhareva Polina , Wong Zoie Shui-Yee , Scott Philip , Craven Catherine K , Georgiou Andrew , Medlock Stephanie , Brender McNair Jytte , Ammenwerth Elske
Published: February 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Given the requirement to minimize the risks and maximize the benefits of technology applications in health care provision, there is an urgent need to incorporate theory-informed health IT (HIT) evaluation frameworks into existing and emerging guidelines for the evaluation of artificial intelligence (AI). Such frameworks can help developers, implementers, and strategic decision makers to build on experience and the existing empirical evidence base. We provide a pragmatic conceptual overview of selected concrete examples of how existing theory-informed HIT evaluation frameworks may be used to inform the safe development and implementation of AI in health care settings. The list is not exhaustive and is intended to illustrate applications in line with various stakeholder requirements. Existing HIT evaluation frameworks can help to inform AI-based development and implementation by supporting developers and strategic decision makers in considering relevant technology, user, and organizational dimensions. This can facilitate the design of technologies, their implementation in user and organizational settings, and the sustainability and scalability of technologies.
Wavelet analysis of geomagnetically induced currents during the strong geomagnetic storms
Authors: Aksenovich Tatyana , Bilin Vladislav , Saharov Yaroslav , Selivanov Vasiliy
Published: February 2023

The main problem of electric utilities around the world is to ensure continuous power supply to consumers. One of the causes of power outages and blackouts can be geomagnetic storms during periods of the increased solar activity. They arouse geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) flowing in the long-distance high-voltage power grids on Earth’s surface. The history of this phenomenon investigation shows that GICs during strong geomagnetic storms had led to blackouts in certain regions of Canada, Sweden and the USA. To study these phenomena and assess the risks of such accidents for the regional system, a GICs registration system in 330 kV autotransformers neutrals of the Kola-Karelian power transit was developed in northwestern Russia. During 11 years of monitoring numerous cases of the flow of high values of quasi-dc currents with different time durations, induced by variations of the geomagnetic field, have been registered. In order to analyze the currents a wavelet transform was chosen, since this method allows to define not only the frequency composition but also changes in spectral characteristics over time, which is significant in the study of GIC. The paper presents a discussion of GIC scalograms obtained for four events of Solar Cycle 24: 13-14 November 2012, 17-18 March 2015, 7-8 September 2015 and 7-8 September 2017. The analysis showed that the characteristic duration of the peak of the considered GICs is from 4.6 to 11.1 min.
Parasocial Relationship dengan Selebritas (Studi Kualitatif pada Praktik Penggunaan Fandom Applications)
Authors: Sadasri Lidwina Mutia
Published: February 2023

Fan fanaticism towards their idol celebrity nowadays is easier to find. Compared to the previous period when interacting with idols could only be mediated by sending letters or press conferences, the presence of new media now allows fans to interact with their idols and connect through online social media, which can lead to the essence of parasocial relationships. One of the platforms that facilitates the relationship between fans and their idols is the fandom application, two of which are popular, Bubble and WeVerse. In this research, the goal is to analyze fans’ experience in using the fandom application using the concept of consumption of commercial products. Through reception analysis and in-depth interview techniques with informants, this study seeks to map the consumption practices of NCT and BTS fans using concepts that are dissected into consump- tion, projection, collection, reflection, and construction. The research results show that the platform further strengthens the relationship between fans and idols, especially the pandemic conditions that give fans more free time to access content from idols. Although not all of them took the reflection and construction stages seriously, their efforts almost covered all consumption activities due to the informant’s background and the intensity of the fans-idol relationship.
Evolution and Impact of E-Mobility Aftermarket on Current Automotive Aftermarket
Authors: Katti Dipak A
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Electric Vehicles (EV) is the buzzword in today’s day today life. EV volume has grown from 17000 in 2010 to 72 L during 2022 globally. Whereas in India the EV volume commenced from 1996 with a small numbers of 400 three wheelers and grown to more than 10L currently. In recent past 5 years the growth was rapid mainly due to Govt. of India initiative with many incentive for EV promotion. The aftermarket for EV has evolved and the volume is increasing. There is impact of EV aftermarket on current aftermarket with ICE vehicles as well.
Response of Physalis peruviana L. genotypes to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali under greenhouse
Authors: Pabón Johana Elizabeth , Lagos-Burbano Tulio César , Mejía-España Diego Fernando , Duarte-Alvarado David
Published: February 2023

The goldenberry (Physalis peruviana) is an exotic fruit that in recent years has acquired great importance in both the local and international markets; one of the limiting phytosanitary problems for this crop is vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali, which causes losses of 80-90%. The management of this pathogen is difficult and so far, it is based on preventive measures; however, there are alternatives such as genetic resistance, which is one of the most effective and profitable measures for its management. Taking that into account, the objective of this study was to evaluate the reaction of 40 genotypes of goldenberry against F. oxysporum under greenhouse conditions, by means of pathogenicity tests. The experiment was conducted in a selected place in the city of Pasto (Nariño department, south of Colombia). It was carried out with 40 genetic materials corresponding to different genotypes, one commercial control and four replicates per experimental unit; the statistical design was completely randomized. The traits evaluated were plant height (cm), disease severity (%), AUDPC area under the disease progress curve (units), disease incidence (%) and degree of vascular discoloration. The genotypes 09U138 and 12U399 have greater plant height (50.19 and 47.36 cm), lower AUDPC (zero units), lower incidence (0%) and lower degree of vascular discoloration (zero), with statistical differences from the rest of the genotypes, including the control. Field evaluations should be conducted with the same isolation and other commercial controls, as this research is only a step forward in the search for the resistance of uchuva to F. oxysporum.
Өгий нуурын хотгорын морфологийн гарал үүсэл: Флювиаль процесс ба тектоник хагарлын холбоо
Authors: Алтанболд Э. , Гансүх Я. , Амаасүрэн Э.
Published: February 2023

The study of the origin of lake depressions is very important. Data on the origin and morphology of the lakes in Mongolia is relatively rare. The origin of the Lake Ugii depression is contested. The lake is one of the fresh water lakes on the Orkhon valley, Arkhangai province. The main purpose of the present research is to explore the origin of the Lake Ugii depression. The study applied the Hypsometric Integral analysis, spatial improvement method, morphostructural and morphgeographic methods. Integrated the results in the topographic map, geological map, satellite images, and other materials. The Lake Ugii is supplied with the tectonic fault and river discharge. Depression in the middle of the Lake Ugii may relate to the tectonic fault from west to east and  seem to originated from fluvial and tectonic actions. The study applied the geomorphometric approach combined with detailed geomorphology analysis that allows to refine the structural geometry of this key area of the Lake Ugii.
Нутаг дэвсгэрийн түвшний хот байгуулалтын үнэлгээ (байгаль орчны үнэлгээний жишээн дээр)
Authors: Гантулга Г. , Базарханд Ц. , Цолмон Д. , Дорлигжав Д. , Цэнгүүн Г. , Бүжинлхам М.
Published: February 2023

Mongolia lacks a spatial planning document with an optimal system of population settlement. There is a growing need to develop and implement national and regional policies based on proper and rational population settlement planning of Mongolia. It seems necessary to conduct “an Urban Development Assessment” to determine the development potentials of cities, “soums” and settlements at the national level using appropriate methodologies and indicators. Urban development assessment is based on four main groups of factors: environmental, socio-economic, infrastructure, architectural-spatial planning, and landscape assessment. The present study aims to conduct urban development assessments at the local level for each administrative unit based on a group of environmental factors. The territorial environmental assessment was performed with a 5-point scale based on 7 main factors and 16 sub-factors including land surface, water resources, climate, soil-vegetation, renewable energy, minerals, engineering geology and natural risk. Factor rankings were determined using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). According to the results of the territorial environmental assessment, 6.5percent or 10,201,806.7 ha of the total area was assessed as suitable, 80.8 percent or 126,242,288.9 ha as limitedly suitable, 7.3 percent or 11,518,373.53 ha as unsuitable and 5.3 percent or 8,286,359.7 ha as most unsuitable. There are 42 soums in the suitable area, 234 soums in the limitedly suitable area, 56 soums in the unsuitable area, and 19 soums in the most unsuitable area according to the Urban Development Assessment.
Бэлчээрийн экосистемийн хангамжийн зарим үйлчилгээг үнэлэх нь (Булган аймгийн Рашаант сумын жишээн дээр)
Authors: Энэрэл Т. , Мандах Н.
Published: February 2023

Grasslands are the widest terrestrial ecosystems accounting for about 54 percent of the terrestrial ecosystems. It is a source of livelihood for 30 percent of the world’s population. The Grassland of Mongolia occupies 70 percent of the territory and supports the livelihood of 60 percent of the population; thus, has a major role in sustaining the human development of the country. Grasslands provide a source of forage, as well as performing various ecosystem services, such as high-quality water, clean air, and open space. They benefit people in a recreational setting and yield the raw materials for the agricultural and mining communities. The paper presents the ecosystem service valuation of grassland ecosystems on the example of Rashaant, Bulgan aimag, based on assumption that user demand would substitute the value of the ecosystem. The results show that the total ecosystem value based on demand for feeding and watering livestock is 1,786,911.3 MNT for Rashaant soum.
Нийгмийн үйлчилгээний барилгуудын норм ба ачааллаар хүртээмжийг тооцоолох, эрэлтийг эрэмбэлэх боломж
Authors: Ганчулуун Э.
Published: February 2023

Mongolia's budget allocation depends on the member of parliament elected from the administrative unit and is not based on analysis of specific research, investment needs, or the level and capacity of budget requirements from other localities. This risk creating a different load on basic social services that should be equally accessible to the state, and unused investment, which in turn leads to inefficient spendings, such as over-allocation of local budget and under-investment that does not meet demand. Therefore, how to properly allocate state budget investment, how to choose the most necessary locality, how to direct social services to the right sector, how to realistically estimate project capacity, and an example of a practical rationale that summarizes the importance of an electronic urban cadastre system. The article uses information such as the initial capacity and year of operation of all independent schools, kindergartens, and general hospitals in the 21 aimag center soums of Mongolia, сompare the population statistics of the soum with the norms of urban and village planning and construction, and calculate the normative implementation, сompare the state budget investment of 2020 and rank the soums of 21 aimag centers according to the demand or excess load, identified which aimags are most in need. According to the survey, unnecessary investments are made in Khentii, Govisumber, Dundgovi, and Bulgan aimags. In Khuvsgul, Zavkhan, Orkhon, and Darkhan-Uul aimags, the demand for social services is insufficient or 2-6 times higher.
Spatiotemporal variations of Vegetation change and its response to Climate change in Mongolia during 1982-2015
Authors: Wurihan Bao , Sainbuyan Bayarsaikhan , Battsengel Vandansambuu
Published: February 2023

Using GIMMS NDVI growing season (April-October) data from 1982-2015, mean temperature and monthly precipitation data from 60 meteorological station observations for the same period, the vegetation cover change and climate change in the Mongolian region and its response were studied with the help of linear trend analysis and Pearson correlation method the relationship between vegetation cover change and climate change in Mongolia and its response was studied using linear trend analysis, Mann-Kendall trend analysis and Pearson correlation. The results show that the average NDVI of the growing season in Mongolia has gradually increased spatially from south to north over the past 34 years. Seasonally, there was an overall increasing trend of NDVI in all three seasons, and the influence of precipitation on vegetation NDVI was greater than the influence of temperature on it. Different vegetation types responded more to precipitation than to temperature, and alpine grassland vegetation significantly affected air temperature and precipitation.
Улаанбаатар хотын Баянзүрх дүүргийн хөрсний болон усны хүнд металлын агууламжаас үүсэх эрүүл мэндийн эрсдэлийн үнэлгээний асуудалд
Authors: Цэцэгтогтох А. , Марал Б. , Даваадорж Д. , Базарханд Ц.
Published: February 2023

Bayanzurkh district is covered in wide open valleys of Tuul, Uliastai and Khol rivers. Most of land use and residential areas are  lied in riverbed alluvial soils areas with strongly degraded and polluted with anthropogenic impact. Soil and air quality in district areas was higher and its possible to affect the environment and human health. There is a need to study the content of heavy elements in the study area and estimate the health risks. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the heavy metal contamination in topsoil and surface water and to use pollution indexes and estimate the human health risk assessment. According to the study results, heavy metal pollution in the Bayanzurkh district did not exceed the permissible concentration specified in the MNS5850: 2019 standard in most areas. However, there are areas of risk that could adversely affect human health. These points were located in service centers and Ger areas. Our result shown the As, Cd are most high risk from contamination of soil and Cr and Cu are shown the high risk with surface water quality.
Автомашины дугуйн мөрөөр үүсэх хөрсний эвдрэл, доройтлын судалгааны үр дүн (Шороон замын жишээн дээр)
Authors: Бямбабаяр Г. , Даваадорж Д. , Түвшин Г.
Published: February 2023

According to the 2010 Desertification Map, 77.8 percent of Mongolia's territory is affected by desertification and land degradation, of which 35.3 percent are weak, 25.9 percent are moderate, 6.7 percent are strong, and 9.9 percent are very strong. (ADM, 2013). The effect of soil compaction is more pronounced in agriculture, especially in agricultural areas (Barnes, 1971). Soil compaction is a common or multifaceted process caused by human feet, cattle hooves, and car tire pressure (Lull, 1959). Most researchers have suggested that soil compaction is also caused by unpaved roads (Webb & Wilshire, 1978). This soil compaction, caused by unpaved roads, is a key condition for rapid soil erosion (Snyder, 1976); (Iverson, 1980). According to a 2015 study by the Institute of Geography and Geoecology, a total of 3 million hectares have been destroyed by vehicle tires. The purpose of this article is to show the impact of unpaved roads on soil erosion and degradation in different natural areas of Mongolia. Unpaved road vehicles put a lot of pressure on the soil and leaves tires on the road, which has a very negative effect on soil loss, compaction and further water-physical properties of the soil. As of 1997, 8000-12,000 km2 of vehicle trails have been affected by desertification in Mongolia, which is a major factor in field degradation in some areas (MOE, 1997B). Therefore, the intensive use of unpaved roads has become an ecological (soil) imbalance. In this study, we collected soil bulk density samples in 3 times each from soil cover in 3 different natural zones at depths of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-15 cm, and measured the cross-section of unpaved roads, calculated the changes in their water-physical properties by laboratory methods and the amount of soil lost. As a result of the study, fine dust and loam from the unpaved road spread over a maximum of 30 km from the study area, covering an area of ​​100 km2, and the amount of soil lost per hectare in the forest-steppe zone was 196.97 tons. This is due to the fact that the soil cover is more compacted due to unpaved roads. The use of unpaved roads has a major negative impact on soil degradation in our country.
A seção de filmes do Arquivo Nacional do Brasil: notas sobre a trajetória de preservação de um acervo
Authors: Lopes de Lacerda Aline , Martins Pamplona Walmor
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma análise sobre a trajetória de criação, implantação e desenvolvimento da seção de filmes do Arquivo Nacional do Brasil (AN). A partir dessa perspectiva, pretende se concentrar em um aspecto que marcou a experiência de trabalho da referida seção e que serviu de norteador para as iniciativas realizadas em relação à preservação e à gestão do seu acervo de filmes: a influência do modelo de tratamento de filmes empregado nas atividades realizadas pelas cinematecas, no Brasil — Cinemateca Brasileira, em São Paulo, e Cinemateca do MAM, no Rio de Janeiro — na implantação da gestão do acervo de filmes do Arquivo Nacional. O artigo irá se basear na apresentação da trajetória da seção de filmes do Arquivo Nacional, a partir do momento de modernização vivido pela instituição, no início dos anos de 1980, em dois movimentos analíticos. O primeiro, sistematizando as informações colhidas por pesquisa em documentos no próprio AN, com foco nos primeiros anos de implantação da seção de filmes; o segundo, sublinhando as relações com as cinematecas nesse processo e seus impactos na constituição da seção de filmes.
Entre Europa, África e América Latina: representações de mulheres negras e brancas em filmes coloniais espanhóis
Authors: Queen Nwabasili Mariana
Published: February 2023

São realizadas análises das representações de mulheres negras africanas e brancas europeias em filmes coloniais espanhóis de ficção (exibidos em circuito comercial na Europa entre 1940 e 1990) e documentais de propaganda (realizados nas décadas de 1940 e 1950) sobre a Guiné Equatorial, país colonizado pela Espanha de 1900 a 1968. Dentre as constatações, está a percepção de que distintos filmes exploraram a aparição nua ou seminua das mulheres africanas negras colonizadas frente a um tratamento significativamente diferenciado voltado aos corpos das mulheres europeias brancas colonas. O artigo propõe a intersecção de análises históricas, sociológicas, feministas e cinematográficas de como e por que isso se dá.
Por una ecología del archivo. Entrevista con Albertina Carri sobre su filme Palabras Ajenas
Authors: França Andréa , Gil Mariño Cecilia , Cunegundes Guimarães Patrícia
Published: February 2023

Entrevista con la cineasta argentina Albertina Carri en la que reflexiona sobre los usos de los archivos de internet y propone las nociones de “imágenes spam” y “ecología del archivo” a partir de su mediometraje Palabras Ajenas realizado durante 2021 y 2022. El filme surge a partir de la invitación de una institución artística para realizar un material audiovisual sobre artistas argentinos. Carri elige homenajear la obra Palabras Ajenas de León Ferrari a partir de los discursos e imágenes que circularon durante la pandemia del Covid-19 y crear un archivo de materiales que tal vez nunca sean mapeados en un futuro.
Advances in High-Throughput, High-Capacity Nonwoven Membranes for Chromatography in Downstream Processing: A Review
Authors: Boi Cristiana , Lavoie Joseph , Fan Jinxin , Pourdeyhimi Behnam , Carbonell Ruben
Published: February 2023

Nonwoven membranes are highly engineered fibrous materials that can be
manufactured on a large scale from a wide range of different polymers,
and their surfaces can be modified using a large variety of different
chemistries and ligands. The fiber diameters, surface areas, pore sizes,
total porosities, and thicknesses of the nonwoven mats can be carefully
controlled, providing many opportunities for creative approaches for the
development of novel membranes with unique properties to meet the needs
of the future of downstream processing. Fibrous membranes are already
finding use in ultrafiltration, microfiltration, depth filtration, and,
more recently, in membrane chromatography for product capture and
impurity removal. This article summarizes the various methods of
manufacturing nonwoven fabrics, and the many methods available for the
modification of the fiber surfaces. It also reviews recent studies
focused on the use of nonwoven fabric devices in membrane chromatography
and provides some perspectives on the challenges that need to be
overcome to increase binding capacities, decrease residence times, and
reduce pressure drops so that eventually they can replace resin column
chromatography in downstream process operations.
Evaluation of the efficacy of oral nanocurcumin formulation in preventing cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in cancer patients: A triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: hosseini sare , Rahsepar Sara , Naghipour Sara , elyasi sepideh
Published: February 2023

Chemotherapy induced nephrotoxicity is one of the most common
complications in cancer patients, especially under treatment with
cisplatin containing regimens, which may require cisplatin dose
reduction and in some cases discontinuation of the treatment, which
interferes with treatment process. Curcumin is an antioxidant and
anti-inflammatory compound and the most important active component of
curcuma longa. In this study, the preventive effect of nano-curcumin
oral formulation on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in cancer patients
was investigated. In this triple-blind clinical trial 30 cancer patients
were randomly divided into the treatment group, receiving 40 mg
nano-curcumin capsules (15 patients) and the placebo group (15 patients)
twice a day for four chemotherapy courses. Kidney function was measured
at the beginning of the study and then at the end of each course of
chemotherapy. There was no significant difference in acute kidney injury
occurrence rate and creatinine and blood urine nitrogen serum levels
between the treatment and placebo groups at the end of each chemotherapy
course. (P value>0.05) and was not effective in preventing
the cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in cancer patients in comparison
with the placebo. Additional studies with different doses and durations
of administration are recommended.
Comparative genomics provides insights into the origin, adaptive evolution and further diversification of two closely related grass genera
Authors: Qu Kunjing , Liu Ai , Yin Mou , Mu Wenjie , Wu Shuang , Hu Hongyin , Su Xu , Ren Guangpeng
Published: February 2023

Ancient whole-genome duplication (WGD) or polyploidization is prevalent
in plants and has played a crucial role in plant adaptation. However,
the underlying genomic basis of ecological adaptation and subsequent
diversification after WGD are still poorly understood in most plants.
Here, we report a chromosome-scale reference genome assembly for the
genus Orinus (Orinus kokonorica as representative) and preformed
comparative genomics with its closely related genus Cleistogenes
(Cleistogenes songorica as representative), both belonging to a newly
named subtribe Orininae of the grass subfamily Chloridoideae. The two
genera may share one paleo-allotetraploidy event before 10 million years
ago, and their two subgenomes display neither fractionation bias nor
global homoeolog expression dominance. Recent expansion of transposable
elements and enormous contraction in gene families in O. kokonorica have
maintained a similar genome size compared to C. songorica. Further
comparative genomic analyses reveal substantial genome rearrangements
and extensive structural variations (SVs) between the two species. With
comparative transcriptomics, we demonstrate that functional innovations
of orthologous genes have played an important role in promoting adaptive
evolution and diversification of the two genera after polyploidization.
In addition, copy number variations in flower and rhizome development
related genes and extensive SVs between orthologs may contribute to the
morphological differences between the two genera. Our results provide
significant new insights into the adaptive evolution and subsequent
diversification of the two genera after polyploidization.
Racial Disparity in Utilizing Genetic Testing for Personalized Care of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Le Tu , Rojas Pilar Soto , Fakunle Mary , Huang Franklin
Published: February 2023

Significant racial disparities in prostate cancer incidence and
mortality have been reported between African American Men (AAM) who are
at increased risk for prostate cancer, and European American Men (EAM).
In most of the studies carried out on prostate cancer, this population
is underrepresented. With the advancement of genome-wide association
studies (GWAS), several genetic predictor models of prostate cancer risk
have been elaborated, as well as numerous studies that identify both
germline and somatic mutations with clinical utility. Despite
significant advances, the AAM population continues to be
underrepresented in genomic studies, which can limit their
generalizability and potentially widen disparities. Here we outline
racial disparities in currently available genomic applications that are
used to estimate the risk of individuals developing prostate cancer and
to identify personalized oncology treatment strategies. While the
incidence and mortality of prostate cancer are different between AAM and
EAM. the biological features and differences of prostate tumors in AAM
and EAM are still being described. Samples from AAM remain to be
unrepresented in different studies. This disparity impacts the available
genomic data on prostate cancer. As a result, the disparity can limit
the predictive utility of the genomic applications that have been
developed and may lead to widening disparities. More studies with
substantially higher recruitment and engagement of African American
patients are necessary to overcome this disparity.