bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IQM-PC332, a Novel DREAM Ligand with Antinociceptive Effect on Peripheral Nerve Injury-Induced Pain
Authors: Socuéllamos Paula G. , Olivos-Oré Luis A. , Barahona María Victoria , Cercós Pilar , Pérez Pascual Marta , Arribas-Blázquez Marina , Naranjo José Ramón , Valenzuela Carmen , Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Marta , Artalejo Antonio R.
Published: February 2022

Neuropathic pain is a form of chronic pain arising from damage of the neural cells that sense, transmit or process sensory information. Given its growing prevalence and common refractoriness to conventional analgesics, the development of new drugs with pain relief effects constitutes a prominent clinical need. In this respect, drugs that reduce activity of sensory neurons by modulating ion channels hold the promise to become effective analgesics. Here, we evaluated the mechanical antinociceptive effect of IQM-PC332, a novel ligand of the multifunctional protein downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator (DREAM) in rats subjected to chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve as a model of neuropathic pain. IQM-PC332 administered by intraplantar (0.01–10 µg) or intraperitoneal (0.02–1 µg/kg) injection reduced mechanical sensitivity by ≈100% of the maximum possible effect, with ED50 of 0.27 ± 0.05 µg and 0.09 ± 0.01 µg/kg, respectively. Perforated-patch whole-cell recordings in isolated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons showed that IQM-PC332 (1 and 10 µM) reduced ionic currents through voltage-gated K+ channels responsible for A-type potassium currents, low, T-type, and high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels, and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channels. Furthermore, IQM-PC332 (1 µM) reduced electrically evoked action potentials in DRG neurons from neuropathic animals. It is suggested that by modulating multiple DREAM–ion channel signaling complexes, IQM-PC332 may serve a lead compound of novel multimodal analgesics.
Progress in Methods for Copy Number Variation Profiling
Authors: Gordeeva Veronika , Sharova Elena , Arapidi Georgij
Published: February 2022

Copy number variations (CNVs) are the predominant class of structural genomic variations involved in the processes of evolutionary adaptation, genomic disorders, and disease progression. Compared with single-nucleotide variants, there have been challenges associated with the detection of CNVs owing to their diverse sizes. However, the field has seen significant progress in the past 20–30 years. This has been made possible due to the rapid development of molecular diagnostic methods which ensure a more detailed view of the genome structure, further complemented by recent advances in computational methods. Here, we review the major approaches that have been used to routinely detect CNVs, ranging from cytogenetics to the latest sequencing technologies, and then cover their specific features.
Investigation of Metabolome Underlying the Biological Mechanisms of Acute Heat Stressed Granulosa Cells
Authors: Sammad Abdul , Hu Lirong , Luo Hanpeng , Abbas Zaheer , Umer Saqib , Zhao Shanjiang , Xu Qing , Khan Adnan , Wang Yajing , Zhu Huabin , Wang Yachun
Published: February 2022

Heat stress affects granulosa cells and the ovarian follicular microenvironment, ultimately resulting in poor oocyte developmental competence. This study aims to investigate the metabo-lomics response of bovine granulosa cells (bGCs) to in vitro acute heat stress of 43 °C. Heat stress triggers oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in cultured bGCs. Heat-stressed bGCs exhibited a time-dependent recovery of proliferation potential by 48 h. A total of 119 metabolites were identified through LC–MS/MS-based metabolomics of the spent culture media, out of which, 37 metabolites were determined as differentially involved in metabolic pathways related to bioenergetics support mechanisms and the physical adaptations of bGCs. Multiple analyses of metabolome data identified choline, citric acid, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid, glutamine, and glycocyamine as being upregulated, while galactosamine, AICAR, ciliatine, 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, lysine, succinic acid, uridine, xanthine, and uraconic acid were the important downregulated metabolites in acute heat stress. These differential metabolites were implicated in various important metabolic pathways directed towards bioenergetics support mechanisms including glycerophospholipid metabolism, the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and serine, threonine, and tyrosine metabolism. Our study presents important metabolites and metabolic pathways involved in the adaptation of bGCs to acute heat stress in vitro.
Detection of Pathological Markers of Neurodegenerative Diseases following Microfluidic Direct Conversion of Patient Fibroblasts into Neurons
Authors: Mollinari Cristiana , De Dominicis Chiara , Lupacchini Leonardo , Sansone Luigi , Caprini Davide , Casciola Carlo Massimo , Wang Ying , Zhao Jian , Fini Massimo , Russo Matteo , Garaci Enrico , Merlo Daniela
Published: February 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are clinically diagnosed using neuropsychological and cognitive tests, expensive neuroimaging-based approaches (MRI and PET) and invasive and time-consuming lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample collection to detect biomarkers. Thus, a rapid, simple and cost-effective approach to more easily access fluids and tissues is in great need. Here, we exploit the chemical direct reprogramming of patient skin fibroblasts into neurons (chemically induced neurons, ciNs) as a novel strategy for the rapid detection of different pathological markers of neurodegenerative diseases. We found that FAD fibroblasts have a reduced efficiency of reprogramming, and converted ciNs show a less complex neuronal network. In addition, ciNs from patients show misfolded protein accumulation and mitochondria ultrastructural abnormalities, biomarkers commonly associated with neurodegeneration. Moreover, for the first time, we show that microfluidic technology, in combination with chemical reprogramming, enables on-chip examination of disease pathological processes and may have important applications in diagnosis. In conclusion, ciNs on microfluidic devices represent a small-scale, non-invasive and cost-effective high-throughput tool for protein misfolding disease diagnosis and may be useful for new biomarker discovery, disease mechanism studies and design of personalised therapies.
Modulatory Effects of Biosynthesized Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated with Curcumin and Paclitaxel on Tumorigenesis and Metastatic Pathways—In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Authors: Vemuri Satish Kumar , Halder Satyajit , Banala Rajkiran Reddy , Rachamalla Hari Krishnreddy , Devraj Vijaya Madhuri , Mallarpu Chandra Shekar , Neerudu Uttam Kumar , Bodlapati Ravikiran , Mukherjee Sudip , Venkata Subbaiah Goli Peda , Venkata Gurava Reddy Annapareddy , Thakkumalai Malarvilli , Jana Kuladip
Published: February 2022

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally, and diagnosing it early and finding potential drug candidates against multi-drug resistant metastatic breast cancers provide the possibilities of better treatment and extending life. Methods: The current study aimed to evaluate the synergistic anti-metastatic activity of Curcumin (Cur) and Paclitaxel (Pacli) individually, the combination of Curcumin–Paclitaxel (CP), and also in conjugation with gold nanoparticles (AuNP–Curcumin (Au-C), AuNP–Paclitaxel (Au-P), and AuNP–Curcumin–Paclitaxel (Au-CP)) in various in vitro and in vivo models. Results: The results from combination treatments of CP and Au-CP demonstrated excellent synergistic cytotoxic effects in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA MB 231 and 4T1) in in vitro and in vivo mouse models. Detailed mechanistic studies were performed that reveal that the anti-cancer effects were associated with the downregulation of the expression of VEGF, CYCLIN-D1, and STAT-3 genes and upregulation of the apoptotic Caspase-9 gene. The group of mice that received CP combination therapy (with and without gold nanoparticles) showed a significant reduction in the size of tumor when compared to the Pacli alone treatment and control groups. Conclusions: Together, the results suggest that the delivery of gold conjugated Au-CP formulations may help in modulating the outcomes of chemotherapy. The present study is well supported with observations from cell-based assays, molecular and histopathological analyses.
Engineering Chimeras by Fusing Plant Receptor-like Kinase EMS1 and BRI1 Reveals the Two Receptors’ Structural Specificity and Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Bai Qunwei , Li Chenxi , Wu Lei , Liu Huan , Ren Hongyan , Li Guishuang , Wang Qiuling , Wu Guang , Zheng Bowen
Published: February 2022

Brassinosteriods (BRs) are plant hormones essential for plant growth and development. The receptor-like kinase (RLK) BRI1 perceives BRs to initiate a well-known transduction pathway which finally activate the transcription factors BZR1/BES1 specifically regulating BR-mediated gene expression. The RLK EMS1 governs tapetum formation via the same signaling pathway shared with BRI1. BRI1 and EMS1 have a common signal output, but the gene structural specificity and the molecular response remain unclear. In this study, we identified that the transmembrane (TM), intracellular juxtamembrane (iJM), kinase, and leucin-rich repeats 1-13 (LRR1-13) domains of EMS1 could replace the corresponding BRI1 domain to maintain the BR receptor function, whereas the extracellular juxtamembrane (eJM) and LRR1-14 domains could not, indicating that the LRR14-EJM domain conferred functional specificity to BRI1. We compared the kinase domains of EMS1 and BRI1, and found that EMS1’s kinase activity was weaker than BRI1’s. Further investigation of the specific phosphorylation sites in BRI1 and EMS1 revealed that the Y1052 site in the kinase domain was essential for the BRI1 biological function, but the corresponding site in EMS1 showed no effect on the biological function of EMS1, suggesting a site regulation difference in the two receptors. Furthermore, we showed that EMS1 shared the substrate BSKs with BRI1. Our study provides insight into the structural specificity and molecular mechanism of BRI1 and EMS1, as well as the origin and divergence of BR receptors.
Biotechnological Enhancement of Probiotics through Co-Cultivation with Algae: Future or a Trend?
Authors: Perković Lucija , Djedović Elvis , Vujović Tamara , Baković Marija , Paradžik Tina , Čož-Rakovac Rozelindra
Published: February 2022

The diversity of algal species is a rich source of many different bioactive metabolites. The compounds extracted from algal biomass have various beneficial effects on health. Recently, co-culture systems between microalgae and bacteria have emerged as an interesting solution that can reduce the high contamination risk associated with axenic cultures and, consequently, increase biomass yield and synthesis of active compounds. Probiotic microorganisms also have numerous positive effects on various aspects of health and represent potent co-culture partners. Most studies consider algae as prebiotics that serve as enhancers of probiotics performance. However, the extreme diversity of algal organisms and their ability to produce a plethora of metabolites are leading to new experimental designs in which these organisms are cultivated together to derive maximum benefit from their synergistic interactions. The future success of these studies depends on the precise experimental design of these complex systems. In the last decade, the development of high-throughput approaches has enabled a deeper understanding of global changes in response to interspecies interactions. Several studies have shown that the addition of algae, along with probiotics, can influence the microbiota, and improve gut health and overall yield in fish, shrimp, and mussels aquaculture. In the future, such findings can be further explored and implemented for use as dietary supplements for humans.
A Simple UPLC/MS-MS Method for Simultaneous Determination of Lenvatinib and Telmisartan in Rat Plasma, and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interaction Study
Authors: Cui Yanjun , Li Ying , Li Xiao , Fan Liju , He Xueru , Fu Yuhao , Dong Zhanjun
Published: February 2022

Lenvatinib is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits tumor angiogenesis, but hypertension is the most common adverse reaction. Telmisartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker used to treat hypertension. In this study, a simple ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of lenvatinib and telmisartan, and it was applied to the pharmacokinetic drug interaction study. Plasma samples were treated with acetonitrile to precipitate protein. Water (containing 5 mM of ammonium acetate and 0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid) were used as the mobile phases to separate the analytes with gradient elution using a column XSelect HSS T3 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 2.5 μm). Multiple reaction monitoring in the positive ion mode was used for quantification. The method was validated and the precision, accuracy, matrix effect, recovery, and stability of this method were reasonable. The determination of analytes was not interfered with by other substances in the blank plasma, and the calibration curves of lenvatinib and telmisartan were linear within the range of 0.2–1000 ng/mL and 0.1–500 ng/mL, respectively. The results indicate that lenvatinib decreased the systemic exposure of telmisartan. Potential drug interactions were observed between lenvatinib and telmisartan.
Treatment of Human Glioblastoma U251 Cells with Sulforaphane and a Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) Targeting miR-15b-5p: Synergistic Effects on Induction of Apoptosis
Authors: Gasparello Jessica , Papi Chiara , Zurlo Matteo , Gambari Laura , Rozzi Andrea , Manicardi Alex , Corradini Roberto , Gambari Roberto , Finotti Alessia
Published: February 2022

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal malignant tumor accounting for 42% of the tumors of the central nervous system, the median survival being 15 months. At present, no curative treatment is available for GBM and new drugs and therapeutic protocols are urgently needed. In this context, combined therapy appears to be a very interesting approach. The isothiocyanate sulforaphane (SFN) has been previously shown to induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth and invasion of GBM cells. On the other hand, the microRNA miR-15b is involved in invasiveness and proliferation in GBM and its inhibition is associated with the induction of apoptosis. On the basis of these observations, the objective of the present study was to determine whether a combined treatment using SFN and a peptide nucleic acid interfering with miR-15b-5p (PNA-a15b) might be proposed for increasing the pro-apoptotic effects of the single agents. To verify this hypothesis, we have treated GMB U251 cells with SFN alone, PNA-a15b alone or their combination. The cell viability, apoptosis and combination index were, respectively, analyzed by calcein staining, annexin-V and caspase-3/7 assays, and RT-qPCR for genes involved in apoptosis. The efficacy of the PNA-a15b determined the miR-15b-5p content analyzed by RT-qPCR. The results obtained indicate that SFN and PNA-a15b synergistically act in inducing the apoptosis of U251 cells. Therefore, the PNA-a15b might be proposed in a “combo-therapy” associated with SFN. Overall, this study suggests the feasibility of using combined treatments based on PNAs targeting miRNA involved in GBM and nutraceuticals able to stimulate apoptosis.
Exosomes and Other Extracellular Vesicles with High Therapeutic Potential: Their Applications in Oncology, Neurology, and Dermatology
Authors: Szwedowicz Urszula , Łapińska Zofia , Gajewska-Naryniecka Agnieszka , Choromańska Anna
Published: February 2022

Until thirty years ago, it was believed that extracellular vesicles (EVs) were used to remove unnecessary compounds from the cell. Today, we know about their enormous potential in diagnosing and treating various diseases. EVs are essential mediators of intercellular communication, enabling the functional transfer of bioactive molecules from one cell to another. Compared to laboratory-created drug nanocarriers, they are stable in physiological conditions. Furthermore, they are less immunogenic and cytotoxic compared to polymerized vectors. Finally, EVs can transfer cargo to particular cells due to their membrane proteins and lipids, which can implement them to specific receptors in the target cells. Recently, new strategies to produce ad hoc exosomes have been devised. Cells delivering exosomes have been genetically engineered to overexpress particular macromolecules, or transformed to release exosomes with appropriate targeting molecules. In this way, we can say tailor-made therapeutic EVs are created. Nevertheless, there are significant difficulties to solve during the application of EVs as drug-delivery agents in the clinic. This review explores the diversity of EVs and the potential therapeutic options for exosomes as natural drug-delivery vehicles in oncology, neurology, and dermatology. It also reflects future challenges in clinical translation.
Targeted Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Blood Cancers
Authors: Jiang Yao , Lin Weifeng , Zhu Linyi
Published: February 2022

Blood cancers are a type of liquid tumor which means cancer is present in the body fluid. Multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma are the three common types of blood cancers. Chemotherapy is the major therapy of blood cancers by systemic administration of anticancer agents into the blood. However, a high incidence of relapse often happens, due to the low efficiency of the anticancer agents that accumulate in the tumor site, and therefore lead to a low survival rate of patients. This indicates an urgent need for a targeted drug delivery system to improve the safety and efficacy of therapeutics for blood cancers. In this review, we describe the current targeting strategies for blood cancers and recently investigated and approved drug delivery system formulations for blood cancers. In addition, we also discuss current challenges in the application of drug delivery systems for treating blood cancers.
Protective Effect of Quercetin 3-O-Glucuronide against Cisplatin Cytotoxicity in Renal Tubular Cells
Authors: Muñoz-Reyes Daniel , Casanova Alfredo G. , González-Paramás Ana María , Martín Ángel , Santos-Buelga Celestino , Morales Ana I. , López-Hernández Francisco J. , Prieto Marta
Published: February 2022

Quercetin, a flavonoid with promising therapeutic potential, has been shown to protect from cisplatin nephrotoxicity in rats following intraperitoneal injection, but its low bioavailability curtails its prospective clinical utility in oral therapy. We recently developed a micellar formulation (P-quercetin) with enhanced solubility and bioavailability, and identical nephroprotective properties. As a first aim, we herein evaluated the oral treatment with P-quercetin in rats, which displayed no nephroprotection. In order to unravel this discrepancy, quercetin and its main metabolites were measured by HPLC in the blood and urine after intraperitoneal and oral administrations. Whilst quercetin was absorbed similarly, the profile of its metabolites was different, which led us to hypothesize that nephroprotection might be exerted in vivo by a metabolic derivate. Consequently, we then aimed to evaluate the cytoprotective capacity of quercetin and its main metabolites (quercetin 3-O-glucoside, rutin, tamarixetin, isorhamnetin and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide) against cisplatin toxicity, in HK-2 and NRK-52E tubular cell lines. Cells were incubated for 6 h with quercetin, its metabolites or vehicle (pretreatment), and subsequently 18 h in cotreatment with 10–300 μM cisplatin. Immediately after treatment, cell cultures were subject to the MTT technique as an index of cytotoxicity and photographed under light microscopy for phenotypic assessment. Quercetin afforded no direct cytoprotection and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide was the only metabolite partially preventing the effect of cisplatin in cultured tubule cells. Our results identify a metabolic derivative of quercetin contributing to its nephroprotection and prompt to further explore exogenous quercetin-3-O-glucuronide in the prophylaxis of tubular nephrotoxicity.
3D Scanning and Model Error Distribution-Based Characterisation of Welding Defects
Authors: Hegedűs-Kuti János , Szőlősi József , Varga Dániel , Farkas Gábor , Ruppert Tamás , Abonyi János , Andó Mátyás
Published: February 2022

The inspection of welded structures requires particular attention due to many aspects that define the quality of the product. Deciding on the suitability of welds is a complex process. This work aims to propose a method that can support this qualification. This paper presents a state-of-the-art data-driven evaluation method and its application in the quality assessment of welds. Image processing and CAD modelling software was applied to generate a reference using the Iterative Closest Point algorithm that can be used to generate datasets which represent the model errors. The results demonstrate that the distribution of these variables characterises the typical welding defects. Based on the automated analysis of these distributions, it is possible to reduce the turnaround time of testing, thereby improving the productivity of welding processes.
Weight Reduction of a Drone Using Generative Design
Authors: Seregi Bálint Leon , Ficzere Péter
Published: February 2022

Generative design has the potential to be optimized with different parameters using a design method based on artificial intelligence and by defining the design problem. The use of this method on a drone frame is presented with explanations of the various design phases. The goal of the optimisation was to be able to fit a battery with a larger capacity onto the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and compensate for its increased weight by reducing the weight of the drone frame using a generative algorithm. As the production possibilities were limited, adaptation to the selected manufacturing technology was also taken into account during the optimization.
Characterisation of type 2 diabetes subgroups and their association with ethnicity and clinical outcomes: a UK real-world data study using the East London Database
Authors: Mathur Rohini , Hull Sally A , Hodgson Sam , Finer Sarah
Published: February 2022

Background

Subgroups of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have been well characterised in experimental studies. It is unclear, however, whether the same approaches can be used to characterise T2DM subgroups in UK primary care populations and their associations with clinical outcomes.

Aim

To derive T2DM subgroups using primary care data from a multi-ethnic population, evaluate associations with glycaemic control, treatment initiation, and vascular outcomes, and to understand how these vary by ethnicity.

Design and setting

An observational cohort study in the East London Primary Care Database from 2008 to 2018.

Method

Latent-class analysis using age, sex, glycated haemoglobin, and body mass index at diagnosis was used to derive T2DM subgroups in white, South Asian, and black groups. Time to treatment initiation and vascular outcomes were estimated using multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression.

Results

In total, 31 931 adults with T2DM were included: 47% South Asian (n = 14 884), 26% white (n = 8154), 20% black (n = 6423). Two previously described subgroups were replicated, ‘mild age-related diabetes’ (MARD) and ‘mild obesity-related diabetes’ (MOD), and a third was characterised ‘severe hyperglycaemic diabetes’ (SHD). Compared with MARD, SHD had the poorest long-term glycaemic control, fastest initiation of antidiabetic treatment (hazard ratio [HR] 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.76 to 2.32), and highest risk of microvascular complications (HR 1.38, 95% CI = 1.28 to 1.49). MOD had the highest risk of macrovascular complications (HR 1.50, 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.82). Subgroup differences in treatment initiation were most pronounced for the white group, and vascular complications for the black group.

Conclusion

Clinically useful T2DM subgroups, identified at diagnosis, can be generated in routine real-world multi-ethnic populations, and may offer a pragmatic means to develop stratified primary care pathways and improve healthcare resource allocation.
Workforce Development Program untuk Pengembangan Masyarakat di Wilayah Operasi PT Chevron Pacific Indonesia
Authors: Ihsan Zul Muhammad , Putriyanti Zifi Meliza , Azwar Hamid , Tri Wahyuni Retno
Published: February 2022

Workforce Development Program (WFD) is a community service program implemented by Politeknik Caltex Riau funded through a cost recovery mechanism by SKK Migas and PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia (CPI). The background of this program relates to the unemployment rate condition in Riau Province (6.32%). This fact aggravated when Covid-19 hits the world and has an impact on laborers/workers lives, especially in Riau. There are workers who got termination as employment, some of them being laid off directly. WFD aims to provide additional skills and certificates for the workforce in Riau to have higher competitiveness index. The WFD program is implemented through the training and certification activities in the fields of Occupational Safety, Health and Safety Experts (AK3), Oil and Gas Occupational Safety, Health and Safety Operators, and Dump Truck Operators. The stages of the implementation program include socialization, recruitment, opening program, training, and certification (online, offline and blended training), and closing. There are 103 participants who pass as WFD 2021 beneficiaries. There are 101 participants who have passed the certification. The graduation achievement of the 2021 WFD Program is 98.06% (101/103). Based on the results of alumni tracing conducted 1 month after the training and certification phase, there were 25% of participants stated that the competencies they had when participating in WFD were able to increase their income.
Subjetividad, ciudadanía y emancipación
Authors: Escobar Raquel , Alberdi José Maria
Published: February 2022

Con una traducción de entre casa y jugando con la memoria, traemos para armar fascículos coleccionables un ensayo del relativamente poco conocido, por lo menos para los de aquí, filósofo y sociólogo portugués Boaventura Santos quién, en este texto, se pregunta histórica y sociológicamente por el difícil casamiento entre subjetividad y ciudadanía, tema que sin duda que, leído entre líneas, interroga el ayer y el hoy de las políticas dichas “sociales”.
Condiciones de vida y estrategias laborales de niños en situación de calle
Authors: Lezcano Alicia
Published: February 2022

La inclusión de este trabajo supone reafirmar la vocación interdisciplinaria que el mismo sustenta, así como también echar luz y datos sobre la temática -la del menor- siempre más cercana a lo que Rosanvallon llama una política de las buenas intenciones: “… En la política de buenos sentimientos, no se habla ni de impuestos ni del costo de la solidaridad; no se discuten los efectos eventualmente perversos de ciertas políticas sociales, así como tampoco se procuran determinar verdaderos derechos…”
desafíos de la perspectiva de género en la definición de la agenda gubernamental
Authors: Ingaramo María Alejandra
Published: February 2022

Nos interesa trabajar el proceso de formación de la agenda pública y el contexto donde el género se incorpora como problema y como perspectiva de intervención de las políticas públicas. La noción de política pública nos remite al Estado, a sus articulaciones con la so- ciedad, a las organizaciones públicas y a sus decisiones y actividades concretas. Las políticas públicas son comprensiones sociales relativa- mente compartidas, construidas a través de manifestaciones de pro- pósitos y de su reformulación y reinterpretación dinámica, productos de un proceso que algunos autores denominan de retroalimentación y otros de reflexividad (Martínez Nogueira, 2012).
Políticas de Género
Authors: Bifarello Mónica S.
Published: February 2022

Ya no basta con que los gobiernos declaren como una condición para el desarrollo la necesidad de igualdad de trato entre mujeres y varones. Desde una perspectiva de gestión pública, tal vez una de las inquietudes más importantes sea hoy cómo consolidar de manera sustentable una real y efectiva garantía de igualdad de género en el desarrollo de políticas, en especial de las políticas sociales.
Unidades Penitenciarias:
Authors: Porporato Pablo
Published: February 2022

El siguiente análisis institucional es nutrido por tres grandes ejes temáticos. Al pensar la estructuración y la dinámica de las Unidades Penitenciarias como Campo, reflexionamos sobre sus propiedades, la lucha por el capital en juego y las funciones del hábitus, proponiendo entender a la libertad como capital en disputa en el Campo Penal. Sobre esta base articulamos categorías y conceptos claves, en el marco del Plan Transversal que atraviesa la política social del Servicio Penitenciario. Con respecto a la dinámica de la Institución Penitenciaria y el rol profesional del Trabajo Social analizamos los objetivos institucionales de las Unidades Penales, objetivos que enmarcan el desempeño profesional. No podemos dejar de lado el plano de la asistencia, la presencia de la angustia, las herramientas profesionales de la palabra y la escucha y el rol fundamental que cumple el trabajo interdisciplinario. Todo ello teniendo en cuenta el análisis del espacio de intervención de nuestras Prácticas Pre-Profesionales (años 2011 y 2012). Las Reflexiones Finales enmarcan el análisis de las Instituciones Penitenciarias en cuanto instituciones reguladoras de la actividad social humana, develando su claro carácter de regulación social global bajo la égida de normas interiorizadas que las caracterizan.
La práctica educativa del Trabajo Social en un contexto de encierro
Authors: Olivas Carreras Miguel Ángel
Published: February 2022

La enseñanza en un contexto de encierro como es el Servicio Penitenciario, se desarrolla en el marco de una capacitación, acompañamiento y asistencia técnica participativa, con un sentido solidario, considerando que desarrollamos la tarea en un escenario complejo, en el cual los internos reciben la educación universitaria dentro de la institución. Procurando establecer un puente que les facilite y sirva de nexo con la sociedad de tal manera de fortalecer su espíritu, valorar su decisión de estudiar y sentir que es un paso hacia su libertad. Promoviendo un trabajo grupal, el cual permite interactuar entre ellos y con nosotros, aprendiendo por nuestra parte el sentido profundo de la experiencia en la cual tenemos la oportunidad de participar, en un “enseñar a enseñar” para “aprender a aprender”. La capacitación se da desde una perspectiva eminentemente dialógica y participativa, con y desde los internos involucrados, la evaluación es permanente desde el inicio a fin de disponer de un diagnostico participativo inicial, que nos permita conocer la situación –nivel de instrucción– del colectivo y cada sujeto en particular. Siendo el objetivo general desarrollar una actitud reflexiva y creativa que posibilite la resolución de los problemas y la transformación de la realidad.
Una forma de hacer posible/visible otro modelo de Desarrollo
Authors: Meschini Paula
Published: February 2022

El ingreso de América Latina en este tercer milenio implicó hacer frente a un mundo, caracterizado por una poli hegemonía, por el capitalismo financiero transnacional, por un sistema científico tecnológico monopolizado por las grandes corporaciones en medio de un fuerte proceso de pauperización y exclusión social. Cabe entonces, interpelarnos acerca de la posibilidad de habilitar zonas de refugio que presenten alternativas para hacer frente al neoliberalismo. En este sentido, se sostiene que la asunción del Pte. Néstor Kirchner (2003), abrió un intersticio que permitió el establecimiento de las bases políticas, macroeconómicas y jurídicas para el establecimiento de relaciones diferentes entre la sociedad, el mercado y el Estado viabilizando el surgimiento del Modelo de Desarrollo Argentino (MDA). La reducción de la pobreza, la recuperación del salario y del trabajo digno (OIT), en el marco de los convenios colectivos de trabajo, constan entre algunos de los muchos logros del MDA, que, sin embargo, expone aún cuestiones no resueltas propias de una sociedad todavía desigual. El presente artículo propone pensar el MDA desde una perspectiva descolonial del desarrollo que convoque a la construcción de un espacio semántico- discursivo para visibilizar e impulsar otras perspectivas de desarrollo, que permitan concebir y vivir la vida en diálogo con Nuestra América (J. Martí).
Solidaridad y formas de construcción de poder en el dispositivo de la economía social y solidaria
Authors: Presta Susana
Published: February 2022

En el marco de las sucesivas crisis y transformaciones en los procesos socioeconómicos, el desempleo y las distintas formas de precarización del trabajo han crecido en las últimas décadas. En especial, luego de la crisis del 2001 en Argentina, las iniciativas vinculadas a la llamada economía social y solidaria se han extendido como una forma “alternativa” a las consecuencias disgregadoras de la economía de mercado. Nuestras reflexiones parten del trabajo de campo realizado en una cadena de valor textil artesanal en la región del Valle de Punilla (Córdoba, Argentina). En el presente artículo, nos centraremos en el modo en que confluyen distintas racionalidades de gobierno y sus implicancias en las formas de construcción de subjetividades en la economía social y solidaria. Nuestra hipótesis plantea que las tensiones en relación al concepto de solidaridad, que surgen en las prácticas de los sujetos, se vinculan con la construcción de formas de poder “híbridas”, sustentadas en la confluencia de distintas racionalidades de gobierno en el dispositivo estudiado.
Ideología, Ciencia y Trabajo Social
Authors: Elorza Ana Laura
Published: February 2022

Los imaginarios y representaciones referidos a la ciencia se han configurado a partir de su oposición a la ideología, fundamentados en la concepción que las prácticas de generación de nuevos conocimientos deben ser neutrales y objetivas para alcanzar un conocimiento valido y confiable. Aunque esta concepción es ampliamente criticada aún sigue vigente, por lo que abordamos la relación entre ideología y ciencia buscando conocer las distintas modalidades en las que se fue configurando dicha relación y cómo ésta se ha definido en el Trabajo Social.
Caminos Conceptuales para dar Cuenta del «Sobre Qué» en la Formación Profesional de Trabajador@s Sociales en la UNR
Authors: Campana Melisa , Garma María Eugenia
Published: February 2022

El presente trabajo presenta las reflexiones preliminares que realizamos sobre los caminos conceptuales que en la formación de trabajador@s sociales de la UNR se han propuesto para dar cuenta del «sobre qué» de la intervención. Los caminos conceptuales visualizados tanto a partir de la estructuración de contenidos mínimos en los planes 1986 y 1997 como en los programas y bibliografía de las asignaturas son los siguientes: 1- el de los problemas y las necesidades sociales como contenidos del objeto de intervención 2- el de la cuestión social y 3- el de las relaciones sociales complejas, el campo problemático y los campos de acción. Estos caminos muestran una consonancia con las producciones del Trabajo Social Latinoamericano y una fuerte interlocución con algunas perspectivas de las Ciencias Socia- les. Ello resulta en un pluralismo de perspectivas teóricas en el proceso de formación sin ninguna hegemonía y en la construcción de tendencias que en la medida que se expliciten fortalecerán el proceso.
políticas públicas dirigidas al trabajo y la renta
Authors: Domíngues Junior Paulo Lourenço
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la importancia de las políticas públicas en la solución de la «crisis de la sociedad del trabajo» en Latinoamérica, principalmente en Brasil, aunque también situaremos el caso Argentino. Tomamos como ejemplo empírico la ciudad de San Pablo, que elaboró en el período de 2001-2004 uno de los mayores programas sociales no sólo de Brasil sino de Latinoamérica, atendiendo a 492.212 familias. Estos programas actuaban de forma integrada y tenían como una de sus características principales el trabajo educativo y de inclusión social, procurando rescatar la ciudadanía de los beneficiarios. Este ejemplo nos ayuda a pensar algunas «salidas» o alternativas para la crisis del mercado de trabajo.
Intercambio socio-cultural en una institución de salud
Authors: Abiescasis Lucía
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de la experiencia que se narra fue identificar nuevas prácticas que posibilitaran una intervención más integral en el Centro de Salud Comunidad Toba   como resultado de la interrelación entre profesionales y promotores, portadores de los saberes de la cultura de la comunidad. El proceso se desarrolló desde el momento en que la institución promovió reuniones de promotoras, en la búsqueda de un mayor acercamiento con la comunidad.
talleres en la Escuela de Trabajo Social.
Authors: Alberdi José María
Published: February 2022

Este documento es una breve síntesis de la Jornada de Trabajo sobre los Talleres, realizada en mayo del 2009, que nos permitió renovar el compromiso con una propuesta que recupera la idea de lo artesanal en lo profesional, la problematización del oficio y un ejercicio de compromiso con una didác- tica que exige romper compartimientos estancos y estar en sintonía con la contemporaneidad.
Las intervenciones sociales con las infancias pobres antes y después de la ley 26.0611
Authors: Ripoll Sandra
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo fue construido a partir de reflexiones colectivas   y   propias,   producidas en el espacio del   equipo   de   investigación que comparto con docentes de la carrera de Trabajo Social de la UNR. Me propongo revisar algunos de los aspectos acerca del impacto que produjo el cambio de legislación en las prácticas profesionales del Trabajo Social a partir de la promulgación de la Ley 26.061 de Protección de Derechos de Niñas, Niños y Adolescentes.

Examinaré, en primer lugar, los discursos acerca de la profesión, de su propio accionar y cómo este se inserta en el contexto social en que le toca intervenir. En un segundo módulo, trabajaré sobre las intervenciones sociales hacia la población infantil en Argentina, abordando la racionalidad construida a principios del siglo XX en el trabajo con niños y las condiciones de posibilidad que se dan a partir de la Convención Internacional de los Derechos del Niño, con la emergencia de un nuevo sujeto jurídico infantil: “El niño sujeto de Derechos”. Finalmente, abordaré la propuesta que realiza la ley 26.061 en los aspectos en que modifica la Ley anterior, para bucear sobre las rupturas y continuidades con las prácticas anteriores.
investigación en Trabajo Social
Authors: Casá Evangelina
Published: February 2022

En el presente artículo intentaré desplegar, sintéticamente, las ideas desarrolladas en la tesis trabajada para obtener el título de grado de la Licenciatura en Trabajo Social de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Dicho trabajo se titula “La Producción de Conocimiento en Trabajo Social: la necesidad de vincular la actividad investigativa en el ejercicio profesional cotidiano”. Este artículo parte de la hipótesis de que, si bien en los últimos años se han registrado avances considerables en materia de producción de conocimiento desde la profesión, no obstante se siguen arrastrando las características propias del Positivismo -matriz que le dio origen y que le atribuyó funciones ligadas al hacer- separándolo de la elaboración teórica, de modo de obrar como obstáculo para su articulación en el quehacer cotidiano.
Cómo cambiar el mundo: Marx y el marxismo 1840-2011
Authors: Urcola Marcos
Published: February 2022

“Una vez más, ha llegado la hora de tomarse en serio a Marx” (p. 424). Con esta frase, el historiador marxista Eric Hobsbawm, nos invita a hacer un repaso por la obra del pensador más importante del siglo XX y, por qué no, del insipiente siglo XXI. El autor afirma que para resolver los problemas a los que se enfrenta el mundo actual, no pueden eludirse las preguntas de Karl Marx acerca del desarrollo económico capitalista, los procesos de concentración, globalización, crisis y cambio que este conlleva, las luchas de clases entre “los que pagan el salario y los que lo reciben” y sobre los posibles cursos del devenir histórico de la humanidad.
The relation of Students' Educational Background toward Learning Outcome of Arabic Subject
Authors: Umdah Fakhiroh  , Almannah Wassalwa
Published: February 2022

Learning the language is for understanding Arabic text and utterances. However, learning Arabic is affected by many factors, especially students' learning experience. Students who are more experienced in Arabic will be easier to achieve learning goals than less experienced ones. This study will test whether the student experience in Arabic makes a difference in learning outcomes. This quantitative research applies survey design. This study concludes that the educational background or learning experiences do not affect learning outcomes.
Deskripsi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Ditinjau dari Tipe Kepribadian Menurut Keirsey
Authors: Awi A. , Mulbar Usman , Sahriani S.
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa dengan langkah Polya (memahami masalah, menyusun rencana, melaksanakan rencana dan menelusuri kembali) ditinjau dari tipe kepribadian menurut Keirsey. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 4 orang dari siswa kelas XI SMA dengan satu subjek untuk masing-masing tipe kepribadian. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan instrumen penggolongan tipe kepribadian, tes pemecahan masalah, dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari masing-masing siswa yang bertipe kepribadian Keirsey, dalam memecahkan masalah matematika lebih cenderung pada siswa yang bertipe kepribadian Guardian dan Rational, dapat melakukan setiap tahapan pemecahan masalah Polya. Selanjutnya adalah tipe Idealist dan Artisan yang masih kurang pada tahap pemecahan masalah tertentu dari permasalahan yang diberikan.Kata Kunci : Pemecahan Masalah, Matematika Sekolah, Langkah Polya, Kepribadian Keirsey, Soal Non Rutin. This study aims to describe the student’s ability to solve mathematical problems with Polya's steps (understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan and looking back,) viewed from personality types according to Keirsey. This research is descriptive-qualitative. The research subjects were 4 students from class XI of Senior High School, with one subject for each personality type. The research instrument uses personality type classification instruments, problem-solving tests, and interview guidelines. The results of the research showed that from each of the students with the type of Keirsey personality, in solve mathematical problems more tend to be on types of Guardian and Rational personalities, can do every step of Polya’s problem-solving. Next, are the Idealist and Artisan types which are still lacking at the steps certain solving the problem of the problems given.Keywords: Problem Solving, School Mathematics, Polya’s Steps, Keirsey’s Personality, Non-Routine Problems.
Deskripsi Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa SMK berdasarkan Tingkat Kepercayaan Diri
Authors: Alimuddin A. , Talib Ahmad , Amin Gustikasari
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa berdasarkan tingkat kepercayaan diri pada materi statistika. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 3 orang siswa kelas XI SMK di kabupaten Kabupaten Soppeng, yaitu 1 siswa dengan kepercayaan diri tinggi (KDT), 1 siswa dengan kepercayaan diri sedang (KDS) dan 1 siswa dengan kepercayaan diri rendah (KDR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) KDT mengomunikasikan ide matematisnya dalam bentuk diagram lebih baik dibanding subjek lain. KDT menganalisis dan menjelaskan ide matematis secara lebih rinci dan detail. KDT menulis penyelesaian serta memberikan alasan yang jelas dari pernyataan yang ungkapkannya (2) KDS mampu mengomunikasikan ide matematisnya ke dalam bentuk diagram, namun kurang mampu menentukan interval nilai yang digunakan dengan tepat. KDS mampu menganalisis dan mampu menjelaskan ide matematis secara lisan, namun tidak mampu menjelaskan strategi penyelesaian secara lisan. KDS kurang mampu menulis penyelesaian dengan informasi yang lengkap, namun sudah mampu memberikan alas an dari sebuah pernyataan yang diungkapkan; (3) KDR mampu mengomunikasikan ide matematisnya ke dalam bentuk diagram, namun kurang mampu menentukan interval nilai yang digunakan dengan tepat. KDR kurang mampu menganalisis ide matematis dan tidak mampu menjelaskan strategi dalam membuat diagram. KDR sudah mampu menulis penyelesaian namun tidak mampu memberikan alasan terhadap pernyataan yang diungkapkan.Kata Kunci: Kemampuan komunikasi matematis, kepercayaan diri The purpose of the research was to describe students’ mathematical communication abilities based on their levels of self-confidence in topic of statistics. The subjects were 3 students of class XI SMK in Soppeng. They were one student with high self-confidence (KDT), one student with medium self-confidence (KDS) and one student with low self-confidence (KDR). The results showed that (1) KDT communicate mathematical ideas in diagrams better than others. KDT analyze and explain mathematical ideas in detail. KDT could write and give clear reasons; (2) KDS could communicate mathematical ideas in diagrams, but in determining the interval of values used, KDS could not do it correctly. KDS could analyze and explain ideas orally but unable to explain strategies used in making diagrams orally. KDS could not answer with complete information but could provide reasons; (3) KDR could communicate mathematical ideas in diagrams, but in determining the interval of values used, KDR could not do it correctly. KDR was less able to analyze mathematical ideas and unable to explain the strategies used in making diagram. KDR had been able to write answer but not able to give reasons.Keywords: Mathematical communication abilities, self-confidence