bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer Electron Ionization (GC-MS -EI)method for the Analysis of MalathionResidue in Tomato
Authors: Elbashir Dr. AbdallaA , Ahmed Hassan Elobid
Published: May 2018

In this a study tomato sampleswere collected from Khartoum, extracted with acetone, dichloromethane and petroleum ether (1:1:1) and cleaned up by florisil column. Malathion quantitative determination is carried out by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometerusing the optimum ionization mode electron ionization (EI). The detection ofmalathionis confirmed by retention time and comparison of primary and secondary ions.Recovery studies   were performed at two spikes (0.5,0.25mg kg-1) fortification levels of malathion and the recovery obtained ranged from 81% to 97%. The method showed good linearity(R²> 0.995) over the range assayed (from 0.05 to 7.0mg L-1) and the calculated limits of detection (LOD) and quantification(LOQ) were0.03 mg kg-1and 0.11 mg kg-1, respectively. These limits  werelower than the maximum residue levels(MRL) established by European legislations (0.5mg kg-1).
Research on selectivity removing SO2 from flue gas with a novel absorbent
Authors: Chen Wanren , Li Hua , Chen Xiaoshuang
Published: May 2018

Compared with the traditional methods of removal SO2 from flue gas, the organic solvent absorption has some advantages as low investment, high SO2 absorption efficiency and desorption efficiency. For the industrial application of organic solvent absorption as soon as possible, some laboratory research on selectively removing SO2 and NOx from flue gas in the presence of CO2 and an enlarged experiment has been done with a novel absorbent of Mn(II)+ DMSO. The effect on desulfurization selectivity for absorbents is studied. And the regeneration capacities for absorbent are researched. The result shows that the novel absorbent has not only strong desulfurization efficiency, but also good selectivity for SO2 and CO2, the feasibility of desulfurization absorbent has been proved.
Analysis of heat and mass transfer mechanism of vacuum freeze-drying in the primary drying
Authors: Li Hua , Li Lihua , Jiao Xingli , Qin Xueli
Published: May 2018

The freeze-drying process is a complex heat and mass transfer process virtually. The drying process of freeze-drying is not only the key stage which decides the success of freeze-drying, but also the most difficult stage to control. There are lots of papers about heat and mass transfer in vacuum freeze drying at home and abroad. The present status of research on heat and mass transfer during vacuum freeze drying in the primary drying is summed up and analyzed, the trend of research in this field is discussed in this paper.
Synthesis of 2, 3-Dihydro-1,4-naphthaquinone Derivatives for Targeting the Altered Cancer Cells Metabolism
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed Hassan , Mahdi Monther Faisal , Hamed Fadhil Mohsin
Published: May 2018

A new four derivatives of 2,3-Dihydro-1,4-naphthaquinonewere synthesizedas possible bioreductiveprodrugs for5-fluorouracil (5-Fu),Mercaptopurine (6-MP), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC)and 3-bromopyrovic acid (3-BPA) to selectively deliver the drugs into the cancer cells and these are:2-((5-fluoro-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-4-yloxy)methyl)-3-hydroxy naphthalene-1,4dione(compound A),2-((9H-purin-6-ylthio)-3-hydroxyl naphthalene-1,4dione(compound B)acetmido-3-((3-methyl-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)methylthio)propanoicacid (compound C)and hydroxy-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)methyl3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate ( compound D)Their chemical structures were characterized by H1 NMR, IR spectroscopy and elemental microanalysis.The in vitro antitumor activity tests againstHep-2 human larynx    cancer cell lineindicated that compound A,B,C and D havesignificant  anticancer activities when compared with 5-Fu.
Concise and Efficient Total Syntheses of Virenamides A and D
Authors: Haifeng Gan , Zhengbang Chen , Zheng Fang , Kai Guo
Published: May 2018

Concise total syntheses of linear thiazole-containing peptides virenamides A (1) and D (4), isolated from Australian ascidian Diplosoma virens have been accomplished from Boc-L-valine (6) in 7 steps. A cyclization between thioamide and bromoacetaldehyde was applied to form thiazole ring as a key step.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of some New Thieno[2,3-d]Pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: El-mahdy Kamelia , El-Kazak Azza , Abdel-Megid Mohamed , Seada Magdy , Farouk Osama
Published: May 2018

10-Oxo-4,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydroprazolo[1,5-a][1]benzothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-3-carbaldehyde (2) was prepared by Vilsmeier-Haack reaction of 3-amino-2-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1]benzothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (1). Reaction of carbaldehyde derivative 2 with malononitrile afforded arylidene malononitrile 3. Cyclization of the latter compound with thiourea yielded pyrimidinethione 4. Interaction of carbaldehyde derivative 2 in presence of thiourea with keto- compounds such as ethyl acetoacetate, or acetylacetone, or dimedone or ethyl cyanoacetate gave pyrimidine derivatives 5-8. Hydrazinolysis of carbaldehyde derivative 2 gave the hydrazone 9. Reaction of the latter with phenyl isothiocyanate afforded thiosemicarbazone 10, which underwent cyclization with oxalyl chloride to give thioxoimidazolidinedione 11. Condensation of compound 2 with thiosemicarbazide furnished thiosemicarbazone derivative 12. Reaction of compound 2 with aminopyrazolone in the presence of an acid and/or a base afforded pyrazolones 13 and 14. Treatment of carbaldehyde derivative 2 with cyanoacetohydrazide gave acrylohydrazide 15. Interaction of the latter with carbon disulfide yielded mercaptooxadiazole 16.  Condensation of compound 2 with acetylpyridazinone 17 produced chalcone 18. Reaction of  compound 18 with malononitrile in pyridine gave cyanopyran 19, while its reaction with malononitrile in presence of ammonium acetate in ethanol yielded cyanopyridine 20. Structures of the newly synthesized products have been deduced on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterization of Cu2 (PO4) (OH)
Authors: Ayadi R. , Boujelbene Mohamed , Mhiri T.
Published: May 2018

This paper reports the hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure refinement of cuivre phosphate hydroxide,  Cu 2 (PO4) (OH), obtained at 453 K.Its structure consists of chains of edge-sharing, distorted [CuO4 (OH)2] octahedral extending parallel to [001]. These chains are cross linked by isolated PO4 tetrahedra through corner-sharing, forming channels in which dimmers of edge-sharing [CuO4 (OH)] trigonal bipyramids are located. The structure is stabilized by medium to weak O-H…O hydrogen bonds. In contrast to the previous refinement single crystal X-ray and analysis of data from vibrational spectroscopy, all non –H atoms were refined with anisotropic displacement parameters and the H atom was located.
Far from Equilibrium Maximal Principle Leading to Matter Self-Organization
Authors: Chiarelli Piero
Published: May 2018

In this work an extremal principle driving the far from equilibrium evolution of a system of structureless particles is derived by using the stochastic quantum hydrodynamic analogy. For a classical phase (i.e., the quantum correlations decay on a distance smaller than the mean inter-molecular distance) the far from equilibrium kinetic equation can be cast in the form of a Fokker-Plank equation whose phase space velocity vector maximizes the dissipation of the energy-type function, named here, stochastic free energy.Near equilibrium the maximum stochastic free energy dissipation (SFED) is shown to be compatible with the Prigogine’s principle of minimum entropy production. Moreover, in quasi-isothermal far from equilibrium states, the theory shows that, in the case of elastic molecular collisions and in absence of chemical reactions, the maximum SFED reduces to the maximum free energy dissipation.When chemical reactions or relevant thermal gradients are present, the theory highlights that the Sawada enunciation of maximum free energy dissipation can be violated.The proposed model depicts the Prigogine’s principle of minimum entropy production near-equilibrium and the far from equilibrium Sawada’s principle of maximum energy dissipation as two complementary principia of a unique theory where the latter one is a particular case of the more general one of maximum stochastic free energy dissipation.Following the tendency to reach the highest rate of SFED, a system relaxing to equilibrium goes through states with higher order so that the matter self-organization becomes possible.
Investigation of the Effect of Natural Extract on Corrosion Behavior of Tin in Na2CO3 Solution
Authors: Bazzi L. , Azzouyahar E , Essahli M
Published: May 2018

The inhibition effect of eugenol oil (EO) on the corrosion of tin in 0.1 M Na2CO3 has been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization technics. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of tin in 0.1 M Na2CO3 with and without addition of eugenol oil was studied in the temperature range 278-308 K. This compound inhibits the corrosion of tin at low concentration. At 4g/L eugenol oil the inhibition efficiency calculated by potentiodynamic polarization and EIS techniques is 70% and 82%, respectively. The inhibition efficiency increased with increase of the inhibitor concentration and decreased with increase of medium temperature. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. Polarization curves reveal that EO acts as a mixed-type inhibitor in corrosive solution. The results obtained from the different corrosion evaluation techniques are in good agreement.
Design, Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of some new 3,5-Diphenylcyclohex-2-en-1-one Derivatives
Authors: El-Saghier Ahmed M. , A. Abd Allah Omyma , M. Kadry Asmaa
Published: May 2018

The moiety of cyclohexene has been showed highly antibacterial activity. New compounds were synthesized from diphenylcyclohexenone via reaction with a variety of reagents to afford branched chain of 1,3-diphenylcyclohexene or fused heterocyclic systems including pyrazole, chromen and pyrrole derivatives. Cyclic ketoketene s,s-acetal can be prepared by reaction with CS2/MeI under PTC conditions which in turn used as starting material for the synthesis of pyrazolyl and benzothiszolyl derivatives. Most of new synthesized compounds were characterized by using spectral data and were screened for their antibacterial activity.
Utilization of Agricultural Waste in Treating Water Pollutants
Authors: El-Mouhty N.R.A. , H. Gad H. M. , El-Naggar A. Y.
Published: May 2018

This study investigated the applicability of chemically (phosphoric acid) activated bagasse pith and date pits in the adsorption of water pollutants. The textural properties including porous parameters, monolayer equivalent surface area, total pore volumes, average pore radius, Methylene blue number and other physic-chemical characterization were investigated. The activated carbons were analyzed for moisture content, ash content. Ultimate analysis was done by using CHNS analyzer (Cairo University, Micro-analytical Center). To investigate the effect of phosphoric acid on the raw material, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermo gravimetric (DTG) recordings were determined. The adsorption of heavy metals as pollutants, including Co, Sr, Cu, Cs, Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe, Zn, was studied in a batch experiments. Comparison of date pits activated carbon with commercial activated carbon was done, and the results indicated that using of prepared activated carbon for removal of Co, Sr, Cu, Cs, Pb, Cd, Ni,  Fe, Zn was  more effective than commercial activated carbon.
Serum Osteopontin Growth hormone , and Other Biochemical Parameters in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: A. Mehde Atheer , A. Mehdi Wesen , F. Ali Karima
Published: May 2018

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a custom of leukemia, or cancer of the white blood cells categorized by excess lymphoblasts and Chemotherapy is the initial treatment of choice. Most ALL patients will receive a combination of different treatments.Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein that cooperates with a variety of cell surface receptors, as well as several integrins and CD44. OPN is secreted by numerous human malignancies. We aimed to evaluate serum levels of osteopontin and growth hormone(GH) in patients with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. We studied serum levels of OPN ,GH and other biochemical levels of 60 patients that diagnosis as  acute lymphoblastic leukemia.      The mean levels of OPN were significantly higher in patients (10.00± 1.15 ng/ml) than in control (7.62± 0.60 ng/ml). The mean levels of GH levels were significantly lower in patients (2.98± 0.51ng/dl) than in control  (6.02± 1.00 ng/dl. The mean levels of the iron and total protein  in ALL patients  were (95.78± 10.11 µg/dl), (6.08 ± 1.16 g/dl)respectively. The present study  showed a significant  negative correlation between GH with  osteopontin (OPN) ,while there a positive significant  correlate  between GH with  hemoglobin  in patients group compared to control group. The present study Conclude that elevated levels of osteopontin and decreased GH levels at the diagnosis may predict an unfavorable result in  ALL childhood .
Interleukine-33 and Lipid Profile in Cardiovascular Diseases Patients and Healthy Subjects
Authors: Al-iqabi Muntaha Abass
Published: May 2018

Interleukine-33 (IL-33), a newly described member of the IL-1 family, is expressed by many cell types, but the precise source of IL-33 remains so far unclear. IL-33 is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. However, IL-33 is a multifaceted mediator with both pro- and anti- inflammatory activities, it presents an extracellular and nuclear – bound from, each of them performing distinct activities of their own.The objective of the present study is to evaluate the serum level of IL-33 in patients suffering from diverse cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with different body mass index (BMI), and to compare those with healthy control subjects with matched BMI. In an attempt to find the contribution of IL-33 and obesity to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.The study was carried on( 30) patients with cardiovascular diseases, who were divided to three equal groups according to their BMI as G1 with BMI (20-24.9), G2 with BMI (25-29.9) and G3 with BMI > 30. Healthy individuals were included (10) for each patients group matched BMI and age. All subjects performed serum tests for lipid profile and IL-33 after an overnight fast.The results showed a significant rise in total cholesterol and triglyceride only for G3 when compared to their healthy control, while significant differences were found for LDL, VLDL and IL-33 for all patient groups when compared with their matched age and BMI control groups. Also a significant elevation for G3 compared to G1 and G2 in triglyceride, LDL and IL-33 were found.A conclusion could be made that IL-33 and LDL are significantly affected by BMI in patients groups only and not in the control subjects. This confirms the synergistic effect of the obesity and cardiovascular events on IL-33, while no effect of the disease could be detected from the present study.
Raphanus sativus ameliorates atherogeneic lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats and hypercholesterolemia-associated peroxidative liver damage
Authors: Haque Mozammel , Islam Jahirul , Rahaman Asiqur , Selina Fowzia Akter , Rahman Mohammad Azizur , Hasan Mahmudul , Hossain Shahdat
Published: May 2018

Objective: Raphanus sativus is a hugely used edible root vegetable. We investigated whether the feeding of the Raphanus sativus hot water extract (RSE) ameliorates atherogenic lipid profile and oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemia. Methods: After feeding of the RSE to hypercholesterolemic rats for 6 weeks, the levels of plasma and hepatic total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and fecal TC levels were studied. The effects of RSE on the hepatic enzymes, namely alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the levels of lipid peroxide (LPO) and liver histology were also evaluated. Results: Hypercholesterolemia increased the levels of TC and TG in the plasma and livers. The levels of ALT, AST and ALP in plasma and LPO in the liver also increased. The dietary RSE, however, significantly ameliorated the above atherogenic lipids and liver enzymes. The RSE significantly reduced the levels of LPO in the liver, suggesting an in vivo protection against of oxidative stress. The RSE also inhibited the in vitro Fenton’s reagent-induced oxidative stress, thus corroborating the in vivo anti-LPO actions of RSE. The levels of hepatic LPO were positively correlated with plasma AST (r=0.76; P <0.05) and ALT (r=0.43; P<0.05) levels. Histologically, the livers of the RSE-fed hypercholesterolemic rats exhibited lesser fatty droplets and reduced inflammatory cells. Conclusion: Finally, R. sativus extract lowers the cardiovascular disease risk factors under hypercholesterolemic situation by increasing the plasma/hepatic clearance of cholesterol and improving the hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative damage of hepatic tissues.
Validated Stability-indicating HPTLC Determination of Baclofen in Bulk Drug, Pharmaceutical Formulations and Real Human Urine and Plasma.
Authors: Saleh Safaa F. , Omar Mahmoud A. , Derayea Sayed M.
Published: May 2018

A simple, highly selective and stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method was developed and validated for the analysis of baclofen in bulk powder, pharmaceutical formulations and human urine and in and real human plasma. The method employed TLC aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase. The solvent system consisted of butanol–acetic acid–water (3.0: 0.5: 0.5, v/v/v). This system was found to give compact spots for baclofen (Rf value of 0.54). Densitometric analysis was carried out in the absorbance mode at 238 nm. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed good linear relationship (r2 = 0.9983) in the concentration range 1.5-7.5 µg per spot. The analytical performance of the method was fully validated, and the results were satisfactory. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.31 and 1.03 µg per spot, respectively. Baclofen was subjected to acid and alkali hydrolysis, oxidation and photodegradation. The degraded product was well separated from the pure drug. Results indicate that the drug is stable against light and basic conditions. However, additional peaks were observed at Rf value of 0.65 and at Rf value of 0.14 with hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid respectively, indicating that the drug is susceptible to oxidation and acid degradation. The method was applied for the analysis of baclofen in commercial tablets and the results were similar to those obtained using the reference method. As the method could effectively separate the drug from its degradation product, it can be employed as a stability-indicating one. The high sensitivity of the proposed method allowed determination of baclofen in real human urine and plasma.
Comparison of three types of physical aspects of a carbonated hydroxyapatite biomaterial: Study implantaion in vivo in rats of "Wistar" strain and physiological & physicochemical explorations
Authors: Boulila Salha , Mnafgui Kais , Oudadesse Hassane , El Feki Hafed , El Feki Abdelfattah
Published: May 2018

Currently, research on biomaterials must meet and demonstrate a set of therapeutic competence to level many health problems. The objective of our work is to normalize the technique of implantation of the biomaterial (carbonated hydroxyapatite: HAC). Three modes subcutaneous implantation was carried out. This technique consists to select the most tolerated by the body without toxicity. Thus, we have applied our biomaterial (HAC) in pellet form under pressure, under pressure sintering pellets and capsules for two weeks. Our results showed that the capsule did not disturb and mainted the equilibrium and balance or ferric ion phosphate balance, prevent against the toxicity of hepato-renal system by comparison with the pellets. These results demonstrated the tolerance, the biocompatibility and the integrity of apatite administered in capsule.
Sol-Gel Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Electronic and Magnetic Properties of AlxTi1-xBiO3 (0.0 ≤x≤ 0.33) Oxides
Authors: Das Bidhu Bhusan , Govinda Rao Ruppa
Published: May 2018

Synthesis of AlxTi1-xBiO3 (0.0 ≤x≤ 0.33) (S1-S4: x = 0.0, 0.11, 0.22, 0.33) oxides is performed by sol-gel method via nitrate-citrate route. Analysis of the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show tetragonal unit cell with lattice parameters: a = 6.6377, 6.6398, 6.6370, 6.6366 Å; c = 6.5445, 6.5391, 6.5259, 6.6583 Å, respectively in S1-S4, with space group P42/mnm and Z=4. Average crystallite sizes determined by Scherrer relation are found to be in the range ~16-36, 18-50, 19-48 and 19-41 nm in S1-S4, respectively. On Rietveld refinement of unit cell structures the agreement factors are lowered to: Rp= 98.28, 97.65, 98.85, 94.29 %; Rwp= 97.11, 96.76, 97.92, 95.73 %; Rexp= 0.09, 0.09, 0.09, 0.09 % in S1-S4, respectively. Fourier electron density mapping show irregular contours around Bi3+, Ti3+ and O2- ions due to significant ionic character in Ti-O and Bi-O bonds in the materials. Presence of hysteresis loops in the range -6 kG to +6 kG at 300 K with magnetic susceptibility values in the range 5.926 x 10-8 - 6.461 x 10-8 emu/gG in S1-S4 show soft ferromagnetic nature of the oxides. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations using CASTEP (Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package) programme package show energy band gap, Eg,  ~ 0.01-0.02 eV indicating weak semiconducting nature of the oxides. The valence band (VB) predominantly comprises O 2p, Ti 3d, Al 3p and Bi 6p orbitals, and the conduction band (CB) comprises mostly O 2p, Al 3p and Bi 6p orbitals with extension of band tails narrowing the energy band gap.
ATTENUATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SEDIMENTS OF THE BONNY ESTUARY, NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF OXYGEN
Authors: Ogbuagu Dr. Dike Henry , Dinney Dagogo Eras
Published: May 2018

Sediments of the Bonny Estuary, which is repository to pollutants from various industrial and shipment activities in its catchment was investigated for rate of natural attenuation of toxic metals (Cd, Mn, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, Fe) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Samples were collected with pre-grab sampler from seabed, sieved in the laboratory and monitored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. After incubation at 18°C, harvests were made on days 1, 14, 28 and 42 and levels of the metals determined spectrophotometrically. Variation plots, ANOVA, Means plots, Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation (r) were used to analyze data. Concentration reductions were higher in aerobic condition in the order Cu(15.5%)> Cd(11.4%)> Fe(8.0%)>Mn(5.7%)> Cr(4.4%)> Ni(4.2%)>Pb(3.9%) than in anaerobic condition which was in the order Cu(7.5%)> Cd(7.4%)>Pb(2.4%)>Mn/Cr(1.8% each)> Fe(0.9%)> Ni(0.5%). There was significant heterogeneity in metals reductions (Sig. F=0.000) on all the harvest days, especially of Cu, Pb and Fe at P<0.05. Attenuation of Mn also differed markedly between the aerobic and anaerobic conditions (Sig. t=0.005) at the 95% confidence interval. pH influenced the attenuation of Ni (r=0.766) and Fe (r=0.795) (P<0.05) as well as Cd (r=0.968), Cr (r=0.861), Pb (r=0.989) and Cu (r=0.950) (P<0.01). Results indicate that rate of attenuation was slow and slightly enhanced by oxygenation.
Synthesis, Characterization and DFT Studies on Some 2,3-Dihydro-4-Methyl-1H-1,5-Benzodiazepinone and N-Isopropenyl Benzimidazolone Derivatives
Authors: Soleiman Hussain Ali , Said Ridha Ben , Alayed Abdallah Suliman
Published: May 2018

Benzodiazepinones and benzimidazolones have been synthesized by the reaction of o-phenylenediamine with ethylacetoacetate in boiling xylene. Alkylation of the obtained compounds was carried out by reaction with excess of ethyl iodide. The reaction of alkylated compounds with aromatic aldehyde leads to the formation of aryldinodiazepinone and/or arylidinone derivatives. The prepared compounds were tested for antibacterial and fungicidal activity. Gram-negative bacteria (Bacillus cereus), as well as the fungus was used for this purpose. The newly prepared compounds have been characterized by IR, MS, elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectroscopies and as well as theoretical level (DFT/B3LYP).
Synthesis and Evaluation of Important Biologically Active Heterocyclic Compounds: Schiff Bases, Oxadiazole and Pyrazolyl Derivatives
Authors: Hosny Mona A. , Mokbe Wafaa A. , El-Sawi Emtithal A.
Published: May 2018

In this work, we prepared an excellent yield of (2-oxo-2H-pyrano[3,2-h] quinolin-4-yl) acetic acid; compound (1) and from the reaction of it with hydrazine hydrate (100%) we obtain 2-(2-oxo-2H-pyrano [3,2-h] quinolin-4-yl) aceto hydrazide (2) which is the starting material for the synthesis of several series of new compounds: such as schiff’s bases (3a-e) and compound (4) in good yields, hydrazide derivatives like compound (5), derivatives of mercapto oxadiazole as compound (6) and derivatives of pyrazolyl as compound (7). All these compounds were found to possess high antimicrobial activity against G+ and G- bacteria and against antifungal as described in scheme (1). Anticancer activity was screened only for compound (1). The IC50 value of it against breast cancer was found = 6.83 µM comparable with that of the drug of doxorubicin which has IC50 = 5.6. As a result these newly compounds from (1) to (7) are considerable as potent compounds for various pharmacological activities.
Crystal structure, thermal behavior and spectroscopic studies of a new organic hydrogen arsenate
Authors: Soukrata Sami , Belhouchet Mohamed , Adil Karim , Mhiri Tahar
Published: May 2018

The present paper undertakes the study of a title organic-inorganic hybrid material 2-amino-3-benzyloxy pyridinium dihydrogenmonoarsenate, [C12H13N2O]H2AsO4, which has been synthesized by slow evaporation at room temperature using 2-amino-3-benzyloxypyridine as the structure-directing agent. The structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 296 K. This compound is crystallized in the noncentrosymmetric orthorhombic space group P212121 with the lattice parameters a = 4.89 (7), b = 10.41 (1), c = 26.79 (3) Å, V = 1364.3 (3) Å3, and Z = 4. The crystal structure has been determined and refined to R1 = 0.0363 and wR2 = 0.1246 using 5438 independent reflections. The atomic arrangement can be described by infinite anionic chains running parallel to the [100] direction. The organic entities are located between these chains. H-bonds connecting the different species play an important role in the one-dimensional network cohesion. This compound is also characterized by solid-state 13C MAS NMR, IR, Raman spectroscopy and TG-ATD thermal analysis. Moreover, protonic conduction of this compound determined by impedance has been studied in the temperature range 299 - 403 K.
Phosphorylation and Promising In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Some New Organosulfur Compounds
Authors: El-Sawi Emtithal A. , Hosny Mona A. , El-Sayed Taghreed H.
Published: May 2018

During the past few decades, interest has been rapidly growing in gaining insight into the properties and transformations of thiosemicarbazide and their derivatives due to their appreciable pharmacological activities. Dimethoxy acetophenone reacts with thiosemicarbazide to afford compound (1). The product allowed to react by fusion with diethylmalonate and ethylacetoacetate to give cyclic compounds (3), (4) and (7). Their products are reacted with triphenylphosphine oxide to produce phosphorylated compounds with four and six membered rings. Some of these products display interesting biological and antibacterial activities which lead to great interest for possible therapeutic uses. The structure of the products are confirmed by elemental analyses, IR, UV, 1H-NMR and MS specra.
Synthesis, Crystal structure of hepta (pyridinium) bis (hexachlorobismuthate (III)) nitrate [C5H6N]7(BiCl6)2(NO3)
Authors: Fayçal Ben Tahar , Olivier Perez , Chaabouni Slaheddine
Published: May 2018

An hepta (pyridinium) bis (hexachlorobismuthate (III)) nitrate, (C5H6N)7(BiCl6)2(NO3) crystallizes at room temperature in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, with the following unit-cell parameters: a = 9.555(1) Å, b = 16.847(1) Å, c = 32.522(1) Å, β = 94.37° , V = 5219.8 Å3 and four molecules per unit cell. Its crystal structure was determined and refined down to R1 = 0.0504, wR2 = 0.0667. The structure of the title compound, (C5H6N)7(BiCl6)2(NO3) consists of seven monoprotonated pyridinium (C5H6N)+ cations, two independent octahedron [BiCl6]3- and an isolated NO3- anion. These entities are linked together through N-H.....Cl and N-H.....O hydrogen bonds, originating from the (C5H6N)+ groups and the isolated anion of nitrate to forming a three dimensional network.
Coordination properties of Palladium(II) complex taken as a model of an antitumour agent with some selected amino acids, peptides and DNA constituents
Authors: Al-Allousi Ayser , Khalf-Alla Perihan A. , Hassan Safaa S. , Shoukry Mohamed M.
Published: May 2018

Pd(DHP)Cl2 complex ( DHP = 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxopropane ), was synthesized and characterized by physico-chemical measurements. The coordination of [Pd(DHP) (H2O)2]2+ with some selected bio-relevant ligands as phenylglycine, phenylalanine, lysine, valine, ethanolamine, glycineamide, glycylphenylalanine, glycylleucine, inosine, guanosine and inosine-5’-monophosphate disodium salt was investigated.Stoichiometry and stability constants of the complexes formed are reported at 25 0C and 0.1M ionic strength. The results show the formation of 1:1 complexes with amino acids. DNA constituents form 1:1 and 1:2 complexes. Peptides form both 1:1 complexes and the coresponding deprotonated amide species. The effect of chloride ion concentration on the formation constant of inosine, taken as a representaive ofDNA constituents, complex with Pd(DHP)2+ was reported.
A Novel Synthesis of (Z)-ethyl 3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenyl(or alkyl)acrylate and ethyl- 2-cyano-3-phenyl-3-propionylimino-propanoate
Authors: Zribi Fathi , Belhouchet Mohamed , Chabchoub Fakher
Published: May 2018

Reaction between ethyl cyanoacetate and imidate, N-acetyl imidate and N-ethoxycarbonyl imidate in basic medium are student. The structure and geometrically configuration of (Z)-ethyl 3-amino-2-cyano-4-phenylbut-2-enoate 3c was established by X-ray diffraction. The functionality in ethyl 2-cyano-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-p-tolylacrylate 7b was exploited to get the desired heterocycle.
Mello e Souza, o Malba Tahan, em busca da cátedra de matemática no Colégio Pedro II (1933-1934)
Authors: Siqueira Filho Moysés Gonçalves
Published: May 2018

O artigo descreve uma das etapas da trajetória de Júlio César de Mello e Souza, cuja escolha recai à época em que ele concorreu à Cátedra de Matemática do Colégio Pedro II, nos idos 1933 e 1934.  Para tanto, apresento, brevemente, a escolarização por ele obtida em anos anteriores, enfatizando o longo período em que permaneceu no Curso de Engenharia Civil. O concurso prestado, juntamente, com outros três candidatos - Alberto Nunes Serrão, Haroldo Lisboa da Cunha, Cesar Dacorso Netto e Luiz Sauerbronn, exigia um dedicado e cuidadoso preparo matemático, de nível superior, o que não correspondia ao saber a ser ensinado no Colégio em que o candidato aprovado desempenharia na função de professor. Fato que se distancia de uma Matemática a ensinar e de uma Matemática para ensinar, as quais sempre estiveram presentes nas preocupações didático-pedagógicas, seja na escolarização primária ou secundária, apresentadas ora por Mello e Souza, ora por Malba Tahan.
A perspectiva Didática da Matemática Recreativa de Malba Tahan
Authors: Lopes Antonio José
Published: May 2018

Neste número especial sobre Malba Tahan, discorremos sobre um dos aspectos de sua vasta obra, a Matemática Recreativa e a Popularização da Matemática. Apresentamos uma breve história da Matemática Recreativa, hoje reconhecida como subárea da Matemática associada à Cultura e à Educação Matemática. Aproveitamos para oferecer referências importantes da Matemática Recreativa apresentando fatos e autores de várias épocas. Dada a impossibilidade de analisar toda sua produção como escritor e popularizador da matemática, concentramos nossa atenção na obra “As Maravilhas da Matemática”, um de seus livros mais populares na década de 1970.
Um Passeio pelo Labirinto da Lógica Matemática em companhia de Malba Tahan
Authors: Filho Inocêncio Fernandes Balieiro
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir numa perspectiva contemporânea os conteúdos de Lógica, Matemática, Filosofia da Matemática e História da Matemática presentes no livro A Lógica na Matemática, escrito por Malba Tahan. Para isso, mediante o uso da historiografia, foram selecionados temas concernentes com os assuntos da pesquisa. Foram tratados os seguintes temas: a base lógica da Matemática, a definição de conceito, os princípios para se definir um objeto, as definições e a natureza dos axiomas em Matemática, o método axiomático e as diversas axiomáticas para a geometria euclidiana, a estrutura lógica de um sistema dedutivo, os métodos de demonstração em Matemática, a indução, analogia e dedução em Matemática.
 
Palavras-chave: Lógica Matemática; História da Matemática; Filosofia da Matemática.
 
A TOUR BY THE LABYRINTH OF MATHEMATICAL LOGIC IN THE COMPANY OF MALBA TAHAN
 
Abstract
 
In this paper we discuss the Mathematics, the Logic of Mathematics, the Philosophy and History of Mathematics that presents in the book A Lógica na Matemática of the Malba Tahan, in a contemporary approach. For that, we use the historiography to select matters in adherence with the research. Are treated this topics: the basis of the Logic of Mathematics; the concept definition; principles to define an object; definitions and nature of the axioms in Mathematics; the axiomatic method and the diverse axiomatic to the Euclidean Geometry; the logical structure of a deductive system; demonstration methods in mathematics; the induction, analogy and deduction in mathematics.
O problema dos camelos numa história em quadrinhos: reflexões e construção de saberes docentes
Authors: Barbosa Gabriela dos Santos , Marinhos Alzir Fourny , Freitas Alexandre Herculano Ferreira
Published: May 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar os saberes docentes construídos por quatro estudantes de licenciatura em matemática ao analisarem as potencialidades didáticas de uma história em quadrinhos que apresenta o clássico problema dos 35 camelos de Malba Tahan. Os sujeitos desta pesquisa são estudantes do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) de uma fundação educacional situada na zona oeste do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa em educação que, devido ao número reduzido de sujeitos e às especificidades do contexto, caracterizou-se como um estudo de caso. Para coleta dos dados, acompanhamos quatro encontros do programa. Neles, os estudantes tiveram oportunidade de resolver o problema, ler uma história em quadrinhos que o descreve, planejar, realizar e refletir sobre a realização de uma atividade que visa discutir o problema com alunos do sexto ao nono ano da escola municipal onde são estagiários. Fundamentam a pesquisa as ideias de Tardif sobre os saberes docentes. Segundo ele, os saberes docentes são bastante diversificados e podem ser classificados em saberes da formação profissional, saberes disciplinares, curriculares e existenciais. São destacados aqui os saberes disciplinares e curriculares. Nos saberes disciplinares reconhecemos as crenças e concepções dos estudantes sobre a matemática e o seu ensino e foram predominantes as visões instrumental, absolutista e logicista da matemática. Nos saberes curriculares são enfatizados os documentos oficiais que orientam o ensino e percebemos o desenvolvimento de uma visão crítica em relação aos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais de matemática para o terceiro e quarto ciclo do Ensino Fundamental e aos materiais didáticos oficiais da rede municipal do Rio de Janeiro no que concerne ao ensino de frações. Nossos sujeitos salientam a necessidade de uma abordagem mais clara e profunda dos significados que podem ser associados às frações.
Isomeric Equilibria, Nuclear Quantum Effects, and Vibrational Spectra of M+(H2O)n=1−3 Clusters, with M = Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, Through Many-Body Representations
Authors: Riera Marc , Brown Sandra E. , Lab Paesani
Published: May 2018

A quantitative characterization of the molecular mechanisms that regulate ion solvation is key to the microscopic understanding of fundamental processes taking place in aqueous environments, with major implications for different fields, from atmospheric chemistry to materials research and biochemistry. This study presents a systematic analysis of isomeric equilibria for small M+(H2O)n clusters, with M = Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, from 0 K to 200 K. To determine the relative stability of different isomers of each M+(H2O)n cluster as a function of temperature, replica exchange simulations are carried out at both classical and quantum levels with the recently developed many-body MB-nrg potential energy functions, which have been shown to exhibit chemical accuracy. Anharmonic vibrational spectra are then calculated within the local monomer approximation and found to be in agreement with the available experimental data, providing further support for the accuracy of the MB-nrg potential energy functions. The present analysis indicates that nuclear quantum effects become increasingly im- portant for larger M+(H2O)n clusters containing the heavier alkali metal ions, which is explained in terms of competing ion-water and water-water interactions along with the interplay between energetic and entropic effects. Directly connecting experimental measurements with molecular properties calculated at the quantum mechanical level, this study represents a further step toward the development of a consistent picture of ion hydration from the gas to the condensed phase.
Indução floral de beterraba por meio de vernalização artificial das raízes nas condições de Brasília / Table beet floral induction by artificial vernalization of roots under Brasília conditions
Authors: Costa Fernando A. , Nascimento Warley M. , Silva Patrícia P.
Published: May 2018

A beterraba é uma planta bianual que requer exposição a temperaturas baixas e a fotoperíodos longos para indução do florescimento. Esta espécie, em geral, não floresce naturalmente na maioria das regiões brasileiras, incluindo as condições de temperatura e comprimento do dia de Brasília. Assim, a duração da exposição a temperaturas baixas em câmaras frigoríficas deve ser quantificada para avaliar a viabilidade de se produzir sementes de beterraba por meio da vernalização artificial das raízes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o período ideal do tratamento térmico de raízes de beterraba por meio da vernalização artificial visando ao florescimento das plantas nas condições de Brasília. Foram avaliados diferentes períodos de exposição ao frio (5°C): 0, 30, 60 e 90 dias, utilizando raízes da cultivar Itapuã 202 produzidas na Embrapa Hortaliças. Após esse período, as raízes foram levadas para o campo. A baixa porcentagem de florescimento (variando de 31 a 54%) obtida sugere a inviabilidade comercial do uso da vernalização artificial de raízes de beterraba para indução floral da cultivar Itapuã 202 nas condições de Brasília.

 

ABSTRACT

Beet is a biennial plant with requirement of exposure to low temperatures and long photoperiods. This species usually does not flower naturally in most parts of Brazil, including Brasília conditions of temperature and day length. Thus, the treatment duration in cold storage should be quantified to evaluate the feasibility of producing beet seed from artificially vernalized roots. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal period of cold treatment of tablebeet through artificial vernalization to flower plants under Brasilia conditions. Different durations of exposure to cold (5°C) were evaluated: 0, 30, 60 and 90 days.Roots of ‘Itapuã 202’ beet produced internally at Embrapa Vegetables were used. After this period, the roots were transplanted to the field. The low flowering rate (ranging from 31% to 54%) suggests the non feasibility of commercial use of artificial vernalization to floral induction of ‘Itapuã 202’ beet in Brasília conditions.
Os Circuitos Pecuários E A Febre Aftosa No Brasil: Uma Análise Histórico-Institucional / Livestock Circuits And Fmd In Brazil: A Historical-Institutional Analysis
Authors: Moraes Geraldo Marcos de , Brisola Marlon Vinícius , Gonçalves Vitor Salvador Picão
Published: May 2018

A febre aftosa representa ainda hoje importante ameaça econômica para os países produtores e exportadores de leite, couro, carnes e seus derivados das criações de bovinos, suínos, ovinos, caprinos e bubalinos. Considerando o Brasil detentor do maior rebanho bovino comercial do mundo e de importantes criatórios de outros biungulados, a trajetória de seu controle, contudo, somente veio a demonstrar importantes avanços a partir da década de 1990. Tal sucesso, representado hoje por mais de 77% de seu território incluído na zona livre da doença, restando apenas três estados para que todo o país seja considerado livre, é resultado de avanços institucionais decorrentes de empenho público e movimentos público-privados. As motivações de tal empenho repercutiram em notáveis ações de complementaridade institucional entre atores diretamente envolvidos com as consequências da doença: pecuaristas, exportadores e representações governamentais responsáveis pelo controle sanitário no país e no continente latino-americano. Neste estudo, faz-se uma revisão histórica da evolução institucional em torno do combate à doença no Brasil e dos avanços a partir dele. Destacam-se, nesse contexto, as ações não promissoras do governo federal antes da década de 1970 e os progressos decorrentes das ações ocorridas sob a coordenação do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento – MAPA, com a participação ampla dos diferentes segmentos do setor agropecuário, a partir de 1990.

 

ABSTRACT

The Food and Mouth Disease is still important economic threat to the producing countries and exporters of milk, leather, meat and other products from cattle creations, pigs, sheep, goats and buffaloes. Considering Brazil has the largest global cattle herd and important breeders of other cloven-hoofed animals, the trajectory of their control, however, only came to demonstrate significant progress from the 1990s. Such success, represented today by more than 77% of its territory considered free zone of the disease is the result of institutional advances arising from public engagement and public-private movements. The motivations of this commitment reverberated in notable institutional complementarity of actions between actors directly involved with the consequences of the disease: farmers, exporters and government representatives responsible for health control in the country and in the Latin American continent. This study brought a historical review of institutional development around the fight against the disease in Brazil and advances from it. In this context, very few progress was observed of the federal government actions before the 1970s and progress resulting from meetings held under the coordination of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply - MAPA, with the broad participation of different segments of the agricultural and livestock sector, from 1990.
Back to (a different) emigration? Mobility from Spain and Italy during the economic crisis
Authors: Caro Raquel , Cavasola Silvia , Fernández Mercedes
Published: May 2018

The economic crisis has had a very severe impact on the economic situation of both Spain and Italy, whose employment figures fell by record levels, affecting all population categories, especially the youngest cohorts. This situation had a profound impact on the dynamics of migration in these two (traditionally emigrant-sending turned emigrant-receiving) countries, with a rising of emigration in the face of decreasing immigration. The main goal of this study is to compare Spanish and Italian emigration mechanisms through secondary sources. We lean toward the hypothesis that both countries, Spain and Italy, could have changed their migration patterns due to the economic crisis. For this purpose, we undertake a cross-national comparative analysis of stock and flow data on emigrations during the economic downturn (2009-2015).
KETIDAKPASTIAN PENGUKURAN EMISI KENDARAAN DENGAN REGULASI R83 MENGACU PADA PERHITUNGAN JOINT COMMITTEE FOR GUIDES METROLOGY (JCGM) 100 : 2008
Authors: Rochmanto Budi
Published: May 2018

Harmonisasi terkait 19 regulasi bidang otomotif diantara negara ASEAN akan dilakukan melalui kesepakatan ASEAN MRA. Salah satu regulasi yang akan diharmonisasi adalah pengujian emisi kendaraan sesuai dengan regulasi R83. BT2MP-BPPT merupakan laboratorium terakreditasi yang akan menjadiÂ  technical service untuk pelaksanaan pengujian R83. Studi ini membuat kajian terkait perhitungan ketidakpastian dalam pengujian emisi kendaraan berdasarkan regulasi R83 tersebut.Â  Ketidakpastian pengukuran yang dihasilkan pada pengujian dengan standar R83 dipengaruhi oleh parameter peralatan ukur seperti chassis dynamometer, gas analyzer, sistem sampling emisi danyang lain. Selain faktor peralatan tersebut, data hasil pengukuran juga merupakan faktor yang mempunyai pengaruh signifikan.Â  Pada kajian iniperhitungan ketidakpastian mengacu kepada Joint Committee for Guide in Metrology (JCGM) 100 2008, hasilnya dinyatakan pada tingkat kepercayaan 95 % dengan faktor cakupan k=2.Dari hasil pengujian di BT2MP-BPPT, hasil perhitungan ketidakpastian pengukuran total yang merupakan gabungan dari ketidakpastian parsial dari unsur yang berpengaruh,menunjukkan ketidakpastian total untuk parameter emisi HC, CO dan NOx adalah 0.0021 gr/km, 0.0103 gr/km dan 0.0004 gr/km secara berurutan.Hasil akhir ketidakpastian pengukuran pada pengujian emisi ini menunjukkan kemampuan ukur dari fasilitas uji emisi kendaraan BTMP-BPPT dalam hal deviasi dan keterterimaan dari pengukuranyang dihasilkannya.Â
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Penerapan Payback Period sebagai Teknik Penganggaran Modal pada UMKM di Kota Bogor
Authors: Nurfitriani Annisa Fathia , Suryawati Rindah Febriana
Published: May 2018

Micro, Small, and Medium Entreprises (MSMEs) are found to still have weak management and internal control system (Campbell and Hartcher 2013). The weak management system among others is in terms of decision-making related to the purchase of fixed assets in th business (Hidayah dan Ningsih 2015). So, MSMEs are difficult to apply capital budgeting techniques, including the simplest techniques which is payback period (Hasan 2013). The purpose of this study are to analyze the application of payback period as capital budgeting techniques in Bogor City MSMEs and to analyze factors that affecting it. Data analysis used in this research is logistic regression analysis. The result of this research shows that factors affecting the implementation of payback period in Bogor City MSMEs are small and medium business size, food and beverage business sector, and owner’s education level above high school, while business ownership, education level equal to high school, and trade business sector doesn’t affecting the implementation of payback period in Bogor City MSMEs.