bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Learning Needs and Career Attitudes of Italian Psychiatry Residents: Results from a National Survey Conducted by the Italian Society of Psychopathology Young Psychiatrists Section (SOPSI-GG)
Authors: Barlati Stefano , Buoli Massimiliano , Di Giorgio Annabella , Di Lorenzo Giorgio , Gramaglia Carla , Gattoni Eleonora , Aguglia Andrea , Monteleone Alessio Maria , Dell’Osso Bernardo
Published: February 2019

Objective:

No data are available about learning needs and career attitudes of Italian Psychiatry Residents (IPRs). Authors aimed to assess such needs through a survey to generate insight for implementing educational programs close to IPRs’ perceived learning needs.

Methods:

A 54-item questionnaire was developed in order to investigate career information, educational preference and learning needs of IPRs. A sample of 298 IPRs participated to the survey and was divided into four subgroups according to their location (North, Centre, South and Islands). The subgroups were compared through ANOVA for age and chi-square tests for qualitative variables (including gender and all sub-items of the survey), with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis.

Results:

IPRs were found to pursue, along with traditional and theoretical training, a quite practical approach, characterized by working groups, discussions on clinical cases and practical interactive sessions. The topics of major interest included: clinical psychiatry, psychopharmacology, psychiatric emergencies, communication and relationship skills (97%, 98.0%, 98.3% and 95.7% of the total sample, respectively). Indeed, a strong need for interaction with healthcare professionals emerged (97% of the total sample). North and Centre IPRs were more involved in Day Hospital activities than residents from South Italy and Islands (p<.001). South IPRs appeared to be more prone to invest for their education than residents from other areas (p<.01).

Conclusion:

Reported findings should be taken into account as a starting point for planning and developing future targeted packages of educational proposals for IPRs and they should stand as a useful pilot study for further investigation in the field.
Variations in Physiological and Psychological Responses of Orthopaedic Surgeons and Clinical Fellows during Hip and Knee Arthroplasties
Authors: Nazari Goris , Howard James , Lanting Brent
Published: February 2019

Background:

Both physical and mental stress is present within the practice of healthcare professionals, which in turn negatively affects the quality of the services provided to the population and therefore, leading to mental exhaustion of the individuals involved.

Purpose:

To track physiological and psychological responses to common hip and knee surgeries, and during clinic days, in a group of orthopaedic surgeons and their clinical fellows (trainees), and to compare the physiological and psychological results with baseline physiological stress tests.

Methods:

Heart Rate (HR), Breathing Rate (BR), and self-reported anxiety were recorded in 3 fellowship trained orthopaedic surgeons and 5 clinical fellows using a wearable Equivital EQO2 physiological monitor and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Data was recorded for days in surgery as well as clinic for 6-8 hours/day. This data was compared to baseline physiological stress tests.

Results:

Mean HR and percentage of heart rate maximum (%HR-max) were not significantly different between staff and fellows throughout the surgery days regardless of the role occupied during both primary Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) and Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). For Heart rate variability (HRV), there was no difference noted between staff and fellows at any moment around and during THA, however, fellows had significantly higher variability during TKA and maintained this increased variability in the postoperative period. In THA, staff failed to show any statistical difference between the HRV in the cases they were assuming the role of primary surgeon compared to the cases they were assisting and the clinic days. On the contrary, fellows showed significantly higher HRV when they were assisting during THA compared to when they were assuming the primary surgeon role or during their clinic days.

Conclusion:

Different stress patterns were noted in clinical fellows compared to the staff, especially showing a higher overall HRV during TKA.
Influence of Climate on Google Internet Searches for Pruritus Across 16 German Cities: Retrospective Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Tizek Linda , Schielein Maximilian , Rüth Melvin , Ständer Sonja , Pereira Manuel Pedro , Eberlein Bernadette , Biedermann Tilo , Zink Alexander
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

The burden of pruritus is high, especially among patients with dermatologic diseases. Identifying trends in pruritus burden and people’s medical needs is challenging, since not all affected people consult a physician.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to investigate pruritus search behavior trends in Germany and identify associations with weather factors.

METHODS

Google AdWords Keyword Planner was used to quantify pruritus-related search queries in 16 German cities from August 2014 to July 2018. All identified keywords were qualitatively categorized and pruritus-related terms were descriptively analyzed. The number of search queries per 100,000 inhabitants of each city was compared to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, particulate matter 10 micrometers or less in diameter (PM10), and sunshine duration to investigate potential correlations.

RESULTS

We included 1150 pruritus-related keywords, which resulted in 2,851,290 queries. “Pruritus” (n=115,680) and “anal pruritus” (n=102,390) were the most-searched-for keywords. Nearly half of all queries were related to the category localization, with Berlin and Munich having a comparatively high proportion of people that searched for pruritus in the genital and anal areas. People searched more frequently for information on chronic compared to acute pruritus. The most populated cities had the lowest number of queries per 100,000 inhabitants (Berlin, n=13,641; Hamburg, n=18,303; and Munich, n=21,363), while smaller cities (Kiel, n=35,027; and Freiburg, n=39,501) had the highest. Temperature had a greater effect on search query number (beta -7.94, 95% CI -10.74 to -5.15) than did PM10 (beta -5.13, 95% CI -7.04 to -3.22), humidity (beta 4.73, 95% CI 2.70 to 6.75), or sunshine duration (beta 0.66, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.97). The highest relative number of search queries occurred during the winter (ie, December to February).

CONCLUSIONS

By taking into account the study results, Google data analysis helps to examine people’s search frequency, behavior, and interest across cities and regions. The results indicated a general increase in search queries during the winter as well as differences across cities located in the same region; for example, there was a decline in search volume in Saarbrucken, while there were increases in Cologne, Frankfurt, and Dortmund. In addition, the detected correlation between search volume and weather data seems to be valuable in predicting an increase in pruritus burden, since a significant association with rising humidity and sunshine duration, as well as declining temperature and PM10, was found. Accordingly, this is an unconventional and inexpensive method to identify search behavior trends and respective inhabitants’ needs.
Assessment Role of Youth in Financial Inclusion: ASEAN Context
Authors: Tjahjadi Alexander Michael
Published: February 2019

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Los postulantes a la universidad en Chile. Vicisitudes socioeducativas
Authors: Esquivel-Larrondo Juan-Eduardo
Published: February 2019

Aquí se aborda en especial la condición socioeducativa de los egresados del colegio que aspiran a obtener un grado universitario en un mundo donde se avanza en pocos años desde la expansión privada hacia la mercantilización, es decir, desde la tendencia de particulares a crear establecimientos educativos pagados y con perfiles sociales específicos hacia la inclusión de éstos en la lógica de las organizaciones con fines de ganancia, cuyos sostenedores suelen aproximarse o asumir parámetros afines al “decálogo de Washington” (1990), exacerbando las diferencia socioeducativas.
Una mirada a la presencia de las mujeres en la educación superior en México
Authors: De Garay Adrián , Del Valle Díaz-Muñoz Gabriela
Published: February 2019

Uno de los fenómenos que caracteriza la expansión de la educación superior en México en las últimas décadas es la mayor participación de las mujeres. El número de mujeres que estudian alguna licenciatura o un posgrado, que están incorporadas a las instituciones como personal académico, que forman parte del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI) o que ocupan puestos de dirección es hoy importante. No obstante, existen campos del conocimiento como en las ciencias exactas y las ingenierías donde la presencia de las mujeres es inferior en comparación con los hombres. El posgrado es ahora un nuevo espacio en el que las mujeres tienen una mayor presencia. Por su parte, el llamado techo de cristal sigue estando presente en la gran mayoría de las universidades. Pese a la inserción de las mujeres en distintos ámbitos de la educación superior mexicana, aún persisten desigualdades e iniquidades, por lo que es preciso desarrollar una serie de estrategias y programas que permitan hablar de la existencia de equidad de género en nuestro sistema educativo superior. El propósito del artículo consiste en poner al día los datos que muestran el avance de la presencia de las mujeres en la educación superior, poner atención crítica en las zonas donde ocurre en menor medida, así como exponer algunas de las directrices que se están impulsando en el país para propiciar una mayor igualdad y equidad de género en el sistema de educación superior.
Exploración del clima ético en estudiantes escuela de terapia ocupacional
Authors: Rueda Castro Laura Del Carmen
Published: February 2019

El trabajo que presentamos consta de dos partes. La primera expone una reflexión acerca de la situación intervinculada que se presenta, a nivel ético, entre el desarrollo de las relaciones interpersonales y la incursión de estas en el escenario de la vida académica. Además, las funciones que se le atribuyen a la universidad, torno al tema y en especial la misión de la Escuela de Terapia Ocupacional en la formación en valores del futuro profesional.En la segunda parte, usando el método de análisis cualitativo, expondremos eliagnostico del clima ético percibido por los estudiantes de primer nivel de la Escuela. Esto respondiendo a la necesidad de elaborar una propuesta formativa en valores éticos, orientada a la creación de una ciudadanía interesada en profundizar los estilos de vida protectores de salud. En la disciplina (terapia ocupacional) que abordamos en nuestra formación, son principios fundamentales los valores democráticos e inclusivos de las personas en situación de desventaja. Para ello, es prioritario desarrollar competencias valoricas desde un modelo formativo ético que tanto en su dimensión teórica como práctica se den en el clima universitario.
La idea de universidad en tiempos de masificación
Authors: Brunner José-Joaquín
Published: February 2019

A partir de los más recientes datos que caracterizan la evolución de la educación superior iberoamericana se analiza el impacto de la masificación y universalización de este nivel educacional sobre la plataforma institucional que lo provee, especialmente en su componente universitario.  Se describe el paso de la universidad ideal, espiritual, de élite, a la universidad masiva, heteróclita y posmoderna y las reacciones de la inteligentsia frente a este proceso.
Review of the 11th International Mycological Congress (IMC11), 2018
Authors: Afshan Najam-ul-Sehar
Published: February 2019

No precisa de resumen.
Solanum tuberosum extract mediated synthesis and characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles for their antibacterial and antioxidant activity
Authors: Madhu GC , Jaianand Kannaiyan , Rameshkumar K , Eyini Muthukumarasamy , Balaji Paulraj , Veeramanikandan Veeramani
Published: February 2019

In the present study, the potential of aqueous extract of Solanum tuberosum for synthesis of Iron Oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) was evaluated. An eco-friendly synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles and characteristics of the obtained Fe3O4 nanoparticles were studied using Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The synthesized Iron oxide nanoparticles were effectively utilized for the antibacterial activity and antioxidant studies. The rapid biological synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using the extract of S. tuberosum provides an environment friendly, simple and efficient route. From the results, it is suggested that synthesized Iron Oxide could be used effective in future biomedical engineering.

Keywords: Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, Solanum tuberosum.
A review on experimental pharmacology
Authors: Balagopalan Devika , Hussain Gazala , Nidhin M M , Nambiar Sruthi
Published: February 2019

In this era where the pharmaceutical companies and products are hiking in its need and production it is inevitable to document the safety and toxicity along with the indications of the same. This is where the experimental study has a vital role to play. Experimental pharmacology is the science where the drug interaction with different receptors and target sites in living organism are explained. This article reviews about the different aspects of experimental pharmacology and its uses.  

Keywords: Experimental pharmacology, products, dosage
Screening of diverse phytochemicals with Aurora Kinase C protein: An In Silico approach
Authors: Pandya Pujan N , Mankad Archana U , Rawal Rakesh M , Prasanth Kumar S
Published: February 2019

Aurora Kinase C, a vital serine-threonine protein Kinase, is an important member of the Aurora Kinase protein family which plays an important role in mitosis is a part of Chromosomal Passenger Complex (CPC).  Aurora Kinase C over expression is found to be linked with several cancer cell lines which demonstrate its oncogenic involvement and activity. Aurora C over expression in certain cancer types makes it an important target to be considered for cancer therapeutics. The present research work focuses on the Aurora Kinase C as an important target for computational studies. The protein model of  Aurora Kinase C, as a proten target on docking with 1500 natural compounds (phytochemicals) reveals  the binding of the natural  ligand 3-beta,23,28-trihydroxy-12-oleanene 23-caffeate belonging to the terpenoid class with highest docking score. This best bound ligand with the protein Aurora Kinase C was chosen for further understanding their protein-ligand interactions at the the molecular level using the molecular dynamic simulation approach. Stability of the protein-ligand complex and its conformation helps in disclosing the potentiality of the best bound ligand to be further chosen as an important small molecule inhibitor that would help playing a lead role in further drug discovery process

Keywords: Aurora Kinase C, Cancer, Phytochemicals, Docking, Molecular Dynamics
Structural and quantum chemical studies on aryl sulfonyl piperazine derivatives
Authors: Abbaz Tahar , Bendjeddou Amel , Villemin Didier
Published: February 2019

The optimized molecular structure and electronic features of aryl sulfonyl piperazine derivatives 1-4 have been investigated theoretically using Gaussian 09 software package and DFT/B3LYP method with 6-31G (d,p) basis set. The reactivity of the title molecules was investigated and both the positive and negative centers of the molecules were identiﬁed using molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analysis which the results illustrate that the regions reveal the negative electrostatic potential are localized in sulfamide function while the regions presenting the positive potential are localized in the hydrogen atoms. The energies of the frontier molecular orbitals and LUMO-HOMO energy gap are measured to explain the electronic transitions. Global reactivity parameters of the aryl sulfonyl piperazine derivatives molecules were predicted to find that the more reactive and softest compound is the compound 3. Mulliken’s net charges have been calculated and results show that 3N is the more negative and 33S is the more positive charge, which Indicates extensive charge delocalization in the entire molecule. The stability of the molecule arising from hyper-conjugative interaction and charge delocalization (π→π transitions) has been analyzed using NBO analysis. Fist hyperpolarizability is calculated in order to ﬁnd its importance in non-linear optics and the results show that the studied molecules have not the NLO applications.

Keywords: sulfamide; density functional theory; computational chemistry; electronic structure; quantum chemical calculations.
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil of Senecio graciliflorus
Authors: Joshi B.C. , Kumar Vinod , Chandra Bhuwan , Kandpal N.D.
Published: February 2019

Objective: Among natural products, essential oils and their contituents represent a structurally diverse group of organic compounds with significant antibacterial activity. This  study  is  oriented  to  assess  the  therapeutic  potential  of  plant constituents as new antimicrobial drugs.

Methods: Aerial parts of Senecio graciliflorus was steam distilled and analysed by GC and GC-MS for the volatile constituents. Essential oil was studied for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using agar well diffusion method.

Results: The results revealed that α-pinene and α-thujene are the major constituents of S. graciliflorus oil. In vitro studies showed significant antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the oil significantly inhibits the growth of baceria. S. graciliflorus would be another alternative for developing new pharmaceuticals for prevention bacterial diseases and provide a direction for the study of naturally derived drugs.

Keywords: Asteraceae, Senecio graciliflorus, Essential oil, α-Pinene, Antibacterial activity.
Role of Inhibitors in Controlling the Diseases
Authors: Zhu Xiaochai
Published: February 2019

Inhibitors are those particular molecules that have unique properties to control the function of a disease-causing agent. The review sheet discusses the list of inhibitors for every disease and the ideal mechanism to excite the same for a better application and impact. Most of the inhibitors in this report are noncompetitive which means that they can survive and give an efficient result to the disease on its own without the need for an external inhibitor.

Keywords: Inhibitors, disease-causing agent, enzymes activity
Design Development and Evaluation of Agomelatine Microemulsion for Intranasal Delivery
Authors: Halde B. R. , Darekar A. B. , Saudagar R. B.
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop and optimize microemulsion containing agomelatine for intranasal delivery. Agomelatine, an antidepressant drug, has absolute bioavailability of only 5% due to high first pass metabolism. Agomelatine microemulsion and were prepared by titration method. Ternary phase diagram gave the microemulsion region and the concentration of oil; Smix and water were selected from ternary phase diagram. Based on solubility study, oleic acid, tween 80 and propylene glycol were selected as oil, surfactant and co surfactant respectively. Microemulsions were prepared using water titration method. 1:1% v/v ratio (Tween 80: Propylene glycol) was selected for formulation development. The prepared microemulsions were optimized optical transparency, viscosity measurement, phase separation, determination of pH, measurement of globule size, measurement of zeta potential, drug content, In vitro diffusion study, stability studies. The optimized batch was further characterized for optical transparency, viscosity measurement, phase separation, determination of pH, measurement of globule size, measurement of zeta potential, drug content, In vitro diffusion study, stability studies.

Keywords: Depression, Intranasal, Microemulsions, Agomelatine
Agastya Haritaki Rasayana: A Critical Review
Authors: Poudel Santosh , Pradeep , , Yadav Mahendra Prasad
Published: February 2019

Rasayana is a specialized section of Ayurveda, which mainly deals with the prevention of disease and promotion of the health. Agastya Haritaki Rasayana is a popular Avaleha kalpana, used in the  pranavaha sroto vikaras like Kasa, Shwasa, Hikka, Kshaya, etc.  The study was taken with a view to enlist the ingredients of Agastya Haritaki Rasayana  from different Classical text of Ayurveda and critical analysis was done based on the properties of ingredients and their indications. A thorough and comprehensive review of Agastya Haritaki Rasayana from different Ayurvedic classical texts, contemporary texts, online journals, articles and internet materials has been done. Most of the ingredients of Agastya Haritaki Rasayana are having -Tikta, Kashyaya, Madhura rasa, laghu, ruksha, tikshna guna, katu vipaka, ushna veerya and having kaphavata shamaka properties.  Thus, Agastya Haritaki Rasayana is used in the management of diseases which are mainly vatakapha pradhana. Agastya Haritaki Rasayana is indicated as main line of treatment in Shwasa, Kasa roga as well as used as the Naimittika Rasayana in various other diseases like grahani, aruchi, arsha etc.

Keywords: Agastya Haritaki Rasayana, Rasayana,  Naimittika Rasayana, Shwasa, Kasa
Traditional Chinese medicine understanding of ulcerative colitis
Authors: Huang Teng , Chen Junlu , Zhang Lina , Hao Bin
Published: February 2019

In recent years，the incidence of ulcerative colitis has been increasing both at home and abroad，therefore，more and more attention has been paid to its recognition and treatment. The pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear in modern medicine，we can discuss from the Chinese medical and hope to better understand ulcerative colitis.

Keywords: Ulcerative colitis; traditiona Chinese medical; Discuss
Tuberculosis’ Total Health care system and patient side diagnosis and Treatment Delay and Associated Factors Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients At Hadiya Zone Public Health Facilities, Southern Ethiopia.
Authors: Getahun Gedeyon , Beyene Tilahun , Abebe Lakew
Published: February 2019

Background: Delay in TB treatment is significant to both disease prognoses at the individual level and within the community. Even though studies conducted in TB treatment delay there is result inconsistencies due to differences in culture, environment and infrastructure.

Objective: the aim of the study is to assess the tuberculosis treatment Delay and associated factor among pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Method: Facility based cross sectional study triangulated by Qualitative study was employed on 340 PTB patients in Hadiya zone public health facilities. Three woredas and health facilities were selected by Simple random sampling method. DOTS user at the beginning of data collection was consecutively recruited in to the study until the intended sample size was fulfilled. Multivariable binary Logistic regression was used. A P-value < 0.05 at 95 % CI was considered statistical significance between dependent and predictors variables.

Result: Among 340 PTB patients enrolled in the study, of which 49.1% experienced patient delay, 30% health system delay and 49.8% total delay. Unable to read and write, Poor knowledge of TB (AOR 3.96, 95% CI (2.28   6.86), self-treatment (AOR: 2, 95% CI (1.14, 3.93), financial constraint (AOR: 2.092, 95% CI (1.11, 3.945) , Visiting two or more health care providers (AOR: 3.40, 95% CI (1.910 – 6.07), prolonged referral (AOR: 3.004, 95% CI (1.59, 5.67) were independent predictors of delay.

Conclusion: Nearly half of the total delay was contributed by patient delay. Unable to read and write, Poor knowledge of TB, self-treatment, financial constraints, prolonged referral, several visit of health care provider of two or more and ever used other drugs rather than Anti-TB drugs were found to have association with patient delay and health system delay.

Keywords: Tuberculosis treatment delay, PTB, patient delay and health system delay, Hadiya zone, Ethiopia.
Formulation development of methylprednisolone dispersible tablets using quality by design approach
Authors: Nandhini J , Rajalakshmi AN
Published: February 2019

The objective of this study was to enhance the solubility of Methylprednisolone by choosing micronized form of drug and to enhance patient compliance by formulating it as dispersible tablets using quality by design (QbD) approach. Dispersible tablets of Methylprednisolone were developed by 23 factorial design. In this study independent variables were concentrations of MCC 102, CCS and Magnesium stearate and dependent variables were disintegration time, hardness and dissolution. The resulting data was fitted into Design Expert Software (Trial Version) and analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The response surface plots were generated to determine the influence of concentration of MCC 102, CCS and magnesium stearate on responses. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method by choosing micronized form of drug and formulations were evaluated for the standard of dispersible tablets. Results showed that no significant drug-polymer interactions in FTIR studies. According to QbD suggestion the formulation O1 (Desirability- 0.73) with MCC-38mg, CCS-3.5mg and magnesium stearate-2.5mg was formulated and evaluated. The disintegration time was found to be 69 seconds, hardness was found to be 64N and in vitro dissolution with in 30minutes. Optimized O1 formulation was within the limits of standards of dispersible tablets with increased water solubility and better patient compliance. Stability study on optimized O1 formulation showed that there is no significant changes during study period. Thus, O1 formulation was found to be stable. The study indicates that formulation of Methylprednisolone dispersible tablets by using QbD approach is a promising formulation development method.

Keywords: Dispersible tablets, Methylprednisolone, Direct compression, Quality by Design and ANOVA.
Peptide-based Drug Delivery for Curing Cancer
Authors: Huang Wenzhe
Published: February 2019

Peptides have numerous advantages as the chains help treat cancer, tumor and several complex diseases. The review details on the different structures of peptides that can ensure actual and efficient delivery of therapy to tumor and cancer cases. The co-delivery system mainly aims to improve the therapeutic delivery process regarding manufacturing, targeting, and impact.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Peptide-based Drug Delivery, cancer
Polyherbal Formulation Concept for Synergic Action: A Review
Authors: Karole Sarita , Shrivastava Sarika , Thomas Shefali , Soni Bhawana , Khan Shifa , Dubey Julekha , Dubey Shashi P. , Khan Nushrat , Jain Deepak Kumar
Published: February 2019

Formulations restrain 2 or more than 2 herbs are called polyherbal formulation. Drug formulation in Ayurveda is based on 2 principles: Use as a single drug and use of more than one drug. The last is known as polyherbal formulation. The idea of polyherbalism is peculiar to Ayurveda even though it is tricky to explain in term of modern parameters. The Ayurvedic literature Sarangdhar Samhita tinted the idea of polyherbalism to attain greater therapeutic efficacy. Polyherbal formulation has been used all around the earth due to its medicinal and therapeutic application. It has also recognized as polyherbal therapy or herb-herb combination. The active phytochemical constituents of individual plants are inadequate to attain the desirable therapeutic effects. When polyherbal and herbo-mineral formulations combining the multiple herbs in a meticulous ratio, it will give an enhanced therapeutic effect and decrease the toxicity. The active constituents used from individual plant are inadequate to provide attractive pharmacological action. There are evidences that crude plant extracts often have greater potency rather than isolated constituents. In traditional medicine whole plants or mixtures of plants are used rather than isolated compounds. Due to synergism, polyherbalism confers some benefits which are not accessible in single herbal formulations. Polyherbal formulations express high effectiveness in numerous diseases with safe high dose. Based on the nature of the interaction, there are 2 mechanisms on how synergism acts (i.e., pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic). In words of pharmacokinetic synergism, the capacity of herb to ease the absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of the other herbs is focused. Pharmacodynamics synergism on the other hand, studies the synergistic effect when active constituents with similar therapeutic activity are targeted by diverse mechanism of action. The present review encompasses all the significant features of polyherbal formulation.

Keywords: Polyherbal formulation, Ayurveda, Active constituents, Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetic
Extraction, Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Secondary Metabolites of Aerial Parts of Clematis heynei and Solanum virginianum
Authors: Morankar Pravin , Jain Alok Pal
Published: February 2019

The increasing interest in powerful biological activity of secondary metabolites outlined the necessity of determining their contents in medicinal plants. In the last few years, there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine and gaining popularity both in developing and developed countries because of their natural origin and less side effects. Clematis heynei (C. heynei, Ranunculaceae) is commonly known as Deccan clematis, Murhar, Morvel, Ranjaee and it is a somewhat woody climber very sparsely distributed in deciduous forests of Western Ghats, India. In the Indian system of medicine ‘Ayurveda’ this plant is used to eliminate malarial fever and headache. Different plant parts were used for treating various diseases. Solanum virginianum L. (S. virginianum, Solanaceae, Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. & H. Wendl.) is a diffuse and very prickly under shrub. It is found growing commonly in various regions of the world on sandy soils and is distributed throughout India. The plant is used traditionally to treat asthma, chest pain, leucoderma, scorpion bite, and sterility in women. The aim of the present study is to examine C. heynei and S. virginianum aerial parts of plant for phytochemical profile. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total phenolics and flavonoids were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. Quantitative analysis of phenolic and flavonoids was carried out by Folins Ciocalteau reagent method and aluminium chloride method respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, fixed oil and fats. The total phenolics content of methanolic and aqueous extract of C. heynei was (0.592, 0.292 mg/100mg), followed by flavonoids (1.371, 0.723mg/100mg) respectively. The total phenolics content of methanolic extract of S. virginianum was (0.345mg/100mg), followed by flavonoids (0.978mg/100mg). The present study concluded that the crude extract of C. heynei and S. virginianum is a rich source of secondary phytoconstituents which impart significant antioxidant potential. The findings of the present study will be helpful to phytochemists, pharmacologists and pharmaceutical industries.
Extraction and wound healing potential of Nerium Indicum M, Artocarpus Heterophyllus Lam, Murraya Koenigii L, Punica Granatum L on albino rats using burn wound model
Authors: Shukla Renuka , Kashaw Varsha
Published: February 2019

Objective: The objective of present work was to extract the active constituents and evaluate the wound healing potential of Nerium indicum, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Murraya koenigii, Punica granatum on albino rats using burn wound model. Poly-herbal ointment and gel formulation was developed and compare with the extract of all plants. These plants has shown anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-leukemic, anti-mycobacterial, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiulcer, antiviral, anticancer, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. Materials and Methods: Solvent extraction method has been utilized for the separation of the active constituents of interest by using 70% ethanol as a solvent. Poly-herbal ointment and gel formulations has been prepared by mixing the extract of Nerium Indicum, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Murraya koenigii and Punica granatum in different ratio with the ointment base (10-15%) contains PEG and for gel formulation Carbapol-940 base (10-15%). Burn wound model of albino rats has been utilized for the assessment of wound healing potential of the plant extract as well as developed formulations. Results and Conclusion: The studies on burn wound healing model reveals that F2 poly-herbal ointment formulation show better burn wound healing potential in comparison to all other formulations, F-1 ointment formulation as well as extracts of all plants. There was no mortality observed in the tenure of study. Discussion: These data has indicated that ointment and gel poly-herbal formulation of Nerium Indicum, Artocarpus Heterophyllus, Murraya Koenigii and Punica Granatum has been utilized for wound healing purpose and it is safer for topical application. No toxicity and mortality has been observed during the experimental tenure. 

Keywords: Wound healing, Nerium indicum, Murraya koenigii, Punica granatum, Artocarpus heterophyllus, burn wound model.
Knowledge regarding Hepatitis B among staff nurses
Authors: Augustine Anitta , George Anumol , Aswathy T.P. , Nithyashree B. V , Rodrigues Devina E
Published: February 2019

Hospital is a place to get cured from the suffering. Among the members of health team the nurses spend most of their time at the bed side and they are usually considered as angels at the mission of comforting patients. Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening viral infection caused by Hepatitis B virus. It can create both acute and chronic diseases and, deemed as a major and serious health problem in the developing countries like India. Materials and methods: The descriptive survey approach adopted in the study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding Hepatitis B infection and its prevention among staff nurses. Self administered structured knowledge questionnaire was developed on the basis of objectives of the study by reviewing the literature of relevant topics and discussion with experts. Result: The data obtained from 100 staff nurses indicated that majority of the subjects (61%) were in the age group of 21-28 years, 84% were females and 16 % males. More than half of the subjects (55%) were with B. Sc qualification 63% were having 1-5 year experience and 62% of subjects were having monthly income between Rs 10,001-20,000. Only 36% of the subjects acquired information from college/friends. Distribution of staff nurses according to their knowledge showed that 86% had adequate knowledge, 12% had moderate knowledge, and 2%had poor knowledge. Conclusion: Nurses have major role in preventive aspect than in curative aspects Nurse through the scientific knowledge and skills are able to collect the data from public. The study results will help the investigators as well as the public to update their knowledge by organizing education programme.

Keywords: Hepatitis B, Prevention, Staff nurses.
Quality by Design: A new practice for production of pharmaceutical products
Authors: Malik Anuj , Gochhayat Gourab , Alam Md Shamshir , Kumar Manish , Pal Preeti , Singh Raj , Saini Vipin
Published: February 2019

This is the advanced approach for development of pharmaceutical product with full range and specified limits of variables during procurements, storage and manufacturing process with a qualification, at desired level of quality within the limits of low and higher values of variables to ensures  the Pharmaceutical product Quality by design (QbD) of manufacturing a finished product. The Quality by Design is depicted and a portion of its components recognized and process parameters with quality characteristics are identified for every unit activity. Advantages, openings and steps engaged with Quality by Design of Pharmaceutical items are depicted. The point of the pharmaceutical advancement is to plan a quality item and it’s assembling procedure to reliably convey the proposed execution of the item. Quality can't be tried into items however quality ought to be worked in by outline. It incorporates the Quality target item profile, basic quality traits and key parts of Quality by Design. It likewise gives correlation between item quality by end item testing and item quality by Quality by Design. The establishment of Quality by Design is ICH Guidelines. It depends on the ICH Guidelines Q8 for pharmaceutical improvement, Q9 for quality hazard administration, Q10 for pharmaceutical quality frameworks. It moreover gives utilization of Quality by Design in pharmaceutical improvement and assembling of pharmaceuticals.

Keywords: Quality by Design, Design Space, Target Product Quality Profile, Critical Quality Attributes
Inulin: A promising carrier for controlled and targeted drug delivery system
Authors: Akram Wasim , Joshi Ramakant , Garud Navneet
Published: February 2019

The delivery of a drug to the preferred site of action is referred to as drug targeting. The benefits of drug targeting are a reproducible and controlled release rate of the therapeutic compound, which forestalls overdose. Due to the potential to treat colonic diseases with minimum side effects, colon targeting has become of high interest over the last decades. Inulin was investigated for its potential as encapsulation material regarding its enzymatic degradability and its drug release behaviour. Inulin is a polysaccharide with a widespread range of therapeutic uses such as a carrier in a drug delivery vehicle, as a diagnostic/analytical tool or as a dietary fibre with additional health benefits. In the main, much research has focused on inulin as a drug delivery carrier for colon-specific drug delivery. The justification for this is its potential to survive in the stomach’s acidic environment. This unique stability and strength are utilized in many ways to deliver drugs safely to the colon, where they can be easily absorbed through the gut epithelium into the blood. There are also some proofs that inulin’s prebiotic features also lead to health benefits, mainly for patients with inflammatory bowel disease or in the prevention of colonic cancer. Inulin based hydrodynamic research will be useful to discover the potential of inulin.
An overview about Hedychium spicatum: a review
Authors: Rasool Shafiqa , Maqbool Mudasir
Published: February 2019

The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) serves as tremendous repository of plant biodiversity which is derived from extreme altitudinal gradients and phenomenal geographic provinces and has been proved as the richest reservoir of medicinal plants and aromatic plants. The lavish range of plant biodiversity in IHR is supported by various landscape features that provide myriad of habitats. Hedychium spicatum Buch-Ham (Zingiberaceae), commonly known as spiked ginger lily, is found in the entire Himalayan region. Rhizome contains about 4% of essential oil and its phytochemical investigations have shown the presence of a variety of terpenoids (monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids and diterpenoids).Traditionally, the rhizomes are used in the treatment of respiratory disorders, fevers, tranquilizer, hypotensive, antispasmodic, CNS depressant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, pediculicidal and cytotoxic activities. The family Zingiberaceae well known for its immense medicinal values is distributed widely throughout the tropics, particularly in Southeast Asia. Zingiberaceae family is an important natural resource that provides many useful products for food, spices, medicines, dyes, perfume and aesthetics. Ethnobiologically, H. spicatum is not commonly popular throughout the Indian Himalayan region, but multifarious uses are practised specifically in different regions. In this review, we will briefly explain about the various multi-faceted aspects about Hedychium spicatum.

Keywords: Hedychium spicatum, Chemical composition, Rhizomes, Zingiberaceae.
Fast Pattern Discovery in Healthcare Data Using Graphics Processors
Authors: Rao Naseem , Tanweer Safdar
Published: February 2019

The mobile medical diagnosis and health monitoring system helps in managing the various chronic diseases like asthma, blood pressure and heart diseases etc. in consultation with the remotely available physicians by initiating the emergency call automatically on the physician’s mobile phone and providing the on-line vital medical parameters captured by the body area sensor network of the patient. We observed that a GPU based solution can outperform a CPU based solution by more than 30% in terms of speed up, while giving same accuracy of results, divided among healthy, normal and unhealthy patients. Finally, key parameter to model our health care data likestandard deviations of {1, 0.5, 0.5}, means of {(1, 1), (0, 0), (-1,-1)} are used to study healthy persons and unhealthy patients.

Keywords: Healthcare ; GPU; EEG; PCG; datastructure
Un acercamiento a la sustentabilidad de los desarrollos inmobiliarios verticales de Guadalajara / An Approach to the Sustainability of the Vertical Real Estate Developments of Guadalajara
Authors: Galindo González Leticia
Published: February 2019

Durante el periodo 2012-2018, se construyeron un total de 46 desarrollos inmobiliarios verticales en Guadalajara, Jalisco, entre estos, edificios de departamentos con amenidades, hoteles y corporativos. La sustentabilidad fue uno de los principales argumentos para su edificación.Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo identificar los elementos sustentables que estaban incorporados a estas edificaciones y, más aún, conocer si dichos inmuebles contaban con una certificación de sustentabilidad. Para llevar a cabo este trabajo se realizó una investigación cualitativa de tipo descriptiva, en donde se utilizó la encuesta como instrumento.Como parte de los resultados se encontró que estos desarrollos verticales están muy lejos de tener en su mayoría sistemas sustentables. Apenas unos cuantos cuentan con sistemas de ahorro de energía y de agua. De igual manera, solo una pequeña parte tiene integrado en sus construcciones calentadores solares, celdas fotovoltaicas y sistemas de separación de aguas grises y negras. Y finalmente, solo una minoría de estos cuenta con una certificación de sustentabilidad.
Investigation of the Email Notice Issue in Aleph
Authors: Xu Gordon F. , Chen Yi
Published: February 2019

Based on experimental results and existing resources, the paper explored and identified the major contributing factors to the email notice issue, including local administrator status, Aleph client, mail server, Aleph system files, and security settings. The paper elaborated the troubleshooting process, and how to find the solution to the issue. The authors suggested recommendations based the lessons learned from the project experience. The project experience presented in this paper should be instructive for libraries solving the similar problems.
Enmendations and interpretations in epigrams
Authors: Mersinias S.
Published: February 2019

Dans cet article nous essayons d'interpréter le vocabulaire de trois épigrammes de la Collection Palatine: AP. 9.62 d'Euénos, AP. 9.387 de l'Empereur Hadrien (selon d'autres de Germanicus) et AP. 7.723 (anonyme).
PREGNANCY MANAGEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STAGE 4
Authors: Kozlovskaya N. L. , Korotchaeva Y. V. , Demyanova K. A. , Engibaryan M. M. , Mikulyak M. S. , Bespalova A. V. , Bondarenko T. V.
Published: February 2019

Pregnancy in patients with an advanced stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a rather rare situation to date. This observation demonstrates our own experience of successfully management of pregnancy in a patient with chronic kidney disease stage 4. A special feature of this observation is an unclear diagnosis that led to CKD. Based on a combination of advanced CKD in a young patient with no kidney history, no changes in urine tests, increased blood pressure, hyperuricemia, and small cysts of both kidneys, a diagnosis of autosomal dominant tubulo-interstitial kidney disease was suggested, despite the lack of family history of renal disease. Since the kidney disease was first identified during pregnancy, the main areas of care were the correction of complications (anemia, calcium-phosphorus disorders), caused by the advanced stage of CKD and the prevention of pre-eclampsia as one of the most frequent complications of pregnancy in this cohort of patients. In order to timely diagnose preeclampsia, the patient was regularly monitored for angiogenesis markers. Conducting pregnancy was carried out by an interdisciplinary team of specialists (nephrologists, obstetrician-gynecologists). Pregnancy ended with the birth of healthy baby. After childbirth renal failure progressed.
TAMM HORSFALL PROTEIN: THE MEN BEHIND THE EPONYM
Authors: Paskalev D. N. , Galunska B. T. , Petkova-Valkova D.
Published: February 2019

Tamm–Horsfall Protein (uromodulin) is named after Igor Tamm and Franc Horsfall Jr who described it for the first time in 1952. It is a glycoprotein, secreted by the cells in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. This protein will perform a number of important pathophysiological functions, including protection against uroinfections, especially caused by E. Сoli, and protection against formation of calcium concernments in the kidney. Igor Tamm (1922-1995) is an outstanding cytologist, virologist and biochemist. He is one of the pioneers in the study of viral replication. He was born in Estonia and died in the USA. In 1964 he was elected for a professorship in Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, where has been working continuously. Since 1959, he became a head of the virology lab established by his mentor and co-author Franc Horsfall. In the course of studies on the natural inhibitor of viral replication, Tamm and Horsfall isolated and characterized biochemically a new protein named after their names. Franc Lappin Horsfall Jr (1906-1971) was a well-known clinician and virologist with remarkable achievements in internal medicine. He was born and died in the USA. He worked in the Rockefeller Hospital from 1934 to 1960, then in the Center for Cancer Research at the Sloan-Kettering Institute. Here he was a leader of a research team studying the molecular mechanisms of immunity, the effects of chemotherapy with benzimidazole compounds (together with I. Tamm), coxsackie viruses, herpes simplex virus, etc.