bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glucose Oxidase Applications and Comparison of the Activity Assays
Authors: OZYİLMAZ Gul
Published: November 2019

Glucose Oxidase (GOD) oxidizes glucose to -gluconolactone in presence of moleculer oxygen by forming hydrogen peroxide. As a result of the catalysed reaction, GOD is widely used in cases where glucose or molecular oxygen should be removed to extend the shelf life of foods or used in the production of controlled hydrogen peroxide or gluconic acid. One of the most important application areas of GOD is the construction of the glucose biosensors. There are several studies about GOD purification, immobilization, industrial and analytical applications, so, fast and sensitive determination of GOD activity is essential for these studies. In this study, GOD activity determination methods were reviewed mainly four approaches: determination of decrease in glucose or oxygen concentration and determination of increase in hydrogen peroxide or gluconic acid levels.
Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity of Bat Species from the Maltese Islands and Applications for their Conservation
Authors: MİFSUD Clare Marie , VELLA Adriana
Published: November 2019

This work presents the first genetic species identification and phylogenetic analyses of all six bat species known to inhabit the Maltese archipelago. The results provide a DNA-based reference library of 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, COI, Cytb and ND1 mitochondrial sequences for Maltese bat species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Maltese bat populations do not harbour cryptic diversity. Analyses of genetic diversity for Maltese bat species showed contrasting matrilineal diversity between species, Hypsugo savii exhibited the highest haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.802), while Rhinolophus hipposideros showed no haplotype diversity and Plecotus gaisleri exhibited low values for haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.091). Comparative phylogeographical analyses of mtDNA gene datasets from this study with sequences of conspecific bat populations outside of Malta indicate that mitochondrial haplotypes of Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Rhinolophus hipposideros are unique to the Maltese Islands. Hypsugo savii, Pipistrellus kuhlii, Myotis punicus and Plecotus gaisleri shared the most common mitochondrial haplotype with surrounding geographical areas, including the Ibero-Maghreb region, the Apennine Peninsula and Sicily. The observed genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships are discussed in the context of the species’ biology and long-term conservation planning of Maltese bat populations.
Parangolés: Um Estudo Prospectivo de Planejamento Urbano para Mercados Socialmente Necessários
Authors: Cuenca Ana Luiza Devito , Seade Juliana , Gonçalves Marcelo Vieira , Manocchi Matheus Brito
Published: November 2019

A partir da análise de variáveis demográficas e sociais do Estado de São Paulo, foi possível a compreensão do território com enfoque no conceito de Mercados Socialmente Necessários – espaços articulad
PENGARUH DIOCTYL ADIPATE TERHADAP SIFAT RHEOLOGIKAL HTPB TERPLASTISISASI (EFFECT OF DIOCTYL ADIPATE ON THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PLASTICIZED HTPB)
Authors: Restasari Afni , Abdillah Luthfia Hajar , Budi Rika Suwana , Hartaya Kendra
Published: November 2019

Pengembangan pengetahuan terhadap sifat rheologikal isian cair dari propelan berguna untuk mendapatkan sifat slurry yang optimum. Pengembangan ini dapat dimulai dari campuran HTPB-DOA sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh DOA terhadap sifat rheologikal HTPB-DOA yang meliputi sifat alir terhadap shear rate, viskositas dan viskositas saat zero shear rate. Dalam metodenya, DOA divariasi 0, 5, 10, 15 dan 20% dan dicampur dengan HTPB. Sifat rheologikal dipahami dengan mengukur viskositasnya pada kecepatan putar 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5; 3; 4 dengan spindel tipe 2 dari viskometer Brookfield dan menganalisa grafik shear stress vs shear rate serta viskositas vs shear rate. Berdasarkan analisa tersebut, diketahui bahwa campuran HTPB-DOA bersifat shear thickening. Semakin banyak DOA yang ditambahkan, semakin rendah viskositas campuran, semakin rendah nilai viskositas pada zero shear rate dan semakin kuat sifat shear thickening dari campuran.
Analisis Kekuatan Struktur Komposit Dengan Ply Drop-off Pada Roda Pendarat Utama Pesawat Nir Awak Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga
Authors: Wandono Fajar Ari
Published: November 2019

Penggunaan ply drop-off telah banyak digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan struktur komposit sehingga memiliki massa yang lebih ringan dibandingkan dengan struktur komposit dengan penggunaan ketebalan seragam. Tulisan ini akan memprediksi kekuatan dan potensi pengurangan massa struktur komposit dengan menggunakan ply drop-off pada roda pendarat utama pesawat nir awak terhadap beban operasional menggunakan metode elemen hingga. Beban operasional diasumsikan merupakan beban statik akibat landing sebesar 245 N arah vertikal dan sebesar 78.75 N arah horizontal. Struktur roda pendarat utama dimodelkan menggunakan elemen Quad4 dengan memasukkan sifat mekanis dari material e-glass Woven Roving 185 pada software MSC. Patran/Nastran. Kriteria kegagalan yang digunakan adalah berdasarkan kriteria kegagalan Tsai-Wu dalam indeks kegagalan dan margin of safety. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah struktur roda pendarat utama memiliki indeks kegagalan 0.62 dan margin of safety sebesar 1.39. Dari hasil tersebut menandakan struktur roda pendarat utama cukup kuat dan tidak terjadi kegagalan dalam menerima beban operasional yang diberikan. Di samping itu, potensi pengurangan massa pada struktur roda pendarat utama menggunakan ply drop-off adalah sebesar 18%.
Risk factors of working capacity of workers and the use of the index of working capacity for its assessment
Authors: Troshin V. V. , Umnyagina I. A. , Orlov A. L.
Published: November 2019

The analysis of mainly foreign publications devoted to the leading risk factors affecting the ability to work, the possibility of using the screening method of assessing performance using the questionnaire “index of ability to work” to obtain objective data, on the basis of which it is possible to develop preventive measures aimed at maintaining the most qualified, trained workers, extending their stay in the profession. Electronic literature search was carried out on Medline, CINAHL and Embase databases.
Perinatal depression: prevalence, outcomes and screening tools - a review of the literature
Authors: Pratiwi Cesa Septiana , Glover Pauline
Published: November 2019

Perinatal depression (PD) is a depressive disorder in women that occurs either during pregnancy and/ or within 12 months after delivery. PD has adverse outcomes not only for mothers, but also for their children and their family/husband. A review of literature was conducted to present a comprehensive review of the available research into depression, its prevalence, risk factors and the screening tools in the context of the perinatal period. The literature will provide the background for understanding perinatal depression and will support the need for the most appropriate perinatal mental health screening-tool, particularly depression in midwifery care.
Large-scale vegetation mapping of the Pinega river valley (the surroundings of Golubino village, Arkhangelsk oblast)
Authors: Makarova M. A.
Published: November 2019

Geobotanical survey of floodplain natural complexes near gypsum outcrops in the Pinega river valley was done in 2015. Large-scale geobotanical map of the key polygon (scale 1 : 30 000) was composed. Typological units of vegetation were selected on the basis of the composition of dominant species and groups of indicator species. Homogeneous and heterogeneous territorial units of vegetation (serial series, combinations, environmental series) were used. 53 mapped unit types (25 homogeneous types and 28 heterogeneous types) were recognized. The floodplain vegetation consists of 17 homogeneous types of plant communities, 3 series, 14 combinations and 6 ecological series. The sites of old floodplain forests, such as willow forests with Urtica sondenii rare in the Arkhangelsk region and oxbow wet meadows with Scolochloa festucacea were identified.
Approaches to the generalized large-scale vegetation mapping of the Kenozersky National Park
Authors: Razumovskaya A. V.
Published: November 2019

The territory of the Kenozersky National Park (Arkhangelsk region) is complex area due to diverse geologic and geomorphologic conditions and long history of agricultural practices. Heterogenic vegetation cover is typical for the whole territory. Five maps of key plots in a scale of 1 : 10 000 were made and the typological units (associations, subassociations and their variants) were shown. To show the vegetation cover on a generalized map in a scale of 1 : 200 000 the types of combinations of plant communities were used. These combinations are characteristic for the particular landscape patterns. Differentiating, characteristic and associated syntaxa of the combination types were revealed. The legend to the vegetation map (scale of 1 : 200 000) got two hierarchical levels. The highest hierarchical unites are represented by 7 types of combinations of vegetation; large mire systems are unified into two types according to prevailing combinations of mire vegetation. Types of vegetation combinations are divided into plakor and alluvial variants; they have three variants of transformation degree distinguished by a present state of plant cover and the land use history. Thus, each type of combinations got up to 6 variants that are the basic mapping units. The obtained territorial units of vegetation cover are largely the same as mapping units of the landscape map of the Kenozersky National Park. But they represent the original botanic-geographic data and their contours borders are different.
Meadows of the North-Eastern Altai
Authors: Maltseva T. V. , Makunina N. I.
Published: November 2019

The North-Eastern Altai is an ultra-humid area with climax vegetation represented by tall-herb fir (Abies sibirica) dark-coniferous forest. Its meadows belong to the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. The typical asso­ciation Aegopodio podagrariae—Dactyletum glomeratae originates in the watershed clearings after climax forests whereas ass. Hyperici perforati—Agrostietum giganteaereplaces the previous one under mowing and grazing. The Molinietalia wet meadows are widespread in the river valleys. The meadows of ass. Cirsio heterophylli—Calama­grostietum langsdorffii occur on wet soils in small depressions and along floodplain mire margins, and ass. Ca­rici ovalis—Deschampsietum cespitosae comprises typical floodplain hay-meadows on moist, nutrient-rich soils.
Mire vegetation in the basin of the Muroyagun River (Surgut Polesje, West Siberia)
Authors: Smagin V. A.
Published: November 2019

The author’s field research, performed in July 2000, was aimed at the descriptive survey of the diversity of mire vegetation in the poorly known West Siberian area, the so called Surgut Polesje. The palsa ridge-and-lake and palsa ridge-and-pool bog complexes dominate the area landscape. Such bogs make for the core of vast and heterogeneous mire systems, the other elements of the latter being transitional bogs and treeless or wooded fens. The mire systems are separated from each other only by rivers; the fens are located on river valley slopes.
The following mire vegetation complexes (mire sites) were described: 1) oligotrophic palsa ridge-and-lake or palsa ridge-and-pool; 2) palsa ridge-and-hollow; 3) meso­trophic or heterotrophic aapa-mire; 4) mesotrophic-eutrophic sedge or sedge-peatmoss poor fen; 5) wooded sedge fen with low Betulatortuosa; 6) wooded sedge fen with one or two layers of Pinussibirica and Betulapubescens.
The investigated mire vegetation displays a high degree of syntaxonomical diversity, belonging to the 4 classes, Oxycocco-Sphagnetea, Scheuchzerio-Cariceteanigrae, Phragmito-Magnocaricetea,and Alneteaglutinosae, with 4 orders, 6 alliances, and 8 associations, listed in the tables. There are no rare communities in the area, to the possible exception of some types of wooded sedge fens. The mire system margins along rivers and flowing lakes seem to be potentially most interesting for a vege­tation scientist.
Syntaxonomy of the alliance Caricion appendiculatae Akhtyamov et al. 1985 (Calamagrostietea langsdorffii) in the Northern Trans-Baikal area
Authors: Anenkhonov O. A.
Published: November 2019

The syntaxonomical survey of the alliance Caricion appendiculatae (Calamagrostietea langsdorffii, Calamagrostietalia langsdorffii) in the Northern Trans-Baikal area is presented. It consists of 2 associations, Cari­cetum appendiculatae Akhtyamov 1995 and Caricetum vesi­cato–appendiculatae Akhtyamov 1985, and Carex meyeriana–Carex appendiculata community. The first association consists of 4 subassociations and 3 variants, the second one comprises 2 subassociations and 2 va­riants. The 5 out of 6 subassociations are described anew. The results of syntaxonomical analysis are based upon 95 releves which are given in the paper. The successional relations between the subassociations and variants are reflected by a homologous variability within the proper associations. As a result of the syntaxonomical composition analysis, the presence of distinct relationships between the alliance communities in the Northern Trans-Baikal area and the Far East is revealed. The regional set of the Trans-Baikalian syntaxa differs from the Far-Eastern one in lower syntaxonomical diversity, also in the presence of several regional subassociations and variants which are absent in the Far East.
A Probabilistic Approach with Built-in Uncertainty Quantification for the Calibration of a Superelastic Constitutive Model from Full-field Strain Data
Authors: Paranjape Harshad M , Aycock Kenneth I. , Bonsignore Craig , Weaver Jason D. , Craven Brent A. , Duerig Thomas W.
Published: November 2019

We implement an approach using Bayesian inference and machine learning to calibrate the material parameters of a constitutive model for the superelastic deformation of NiTi shape memory alloy. We use a diamond-shaped specimen geometry that is suited to calibrate both tensile and compressive material parameters from a single test. We adopt the Bayesian inference calibration scheme to take full-field surface strain measurements obtained using digital image correlation together with global load data as an input for calibration. The calibration is performed by comparing these two experimental quantities of interest with the corresponding results from a simulation library built with the superelastic forward finite element model. We present a machine learning based approach to enrich the simulation library using a surrogate model. This improves the calibration accuracy to the extent permitted by the accuracy of the underlying material model and also improves the computational efficiency. We demonstrate, verify, and partially validate the calibration results through various examples. We also demonstrate how the uncertainty in the calibrated superelastic material parameters can propagate to a subsequent simulation of fatigue loading. This approach is versatile and can be used to calibrate other models of superelastic deformation from data obtained using various modalities. This probabilistic calibration approach can become an integral part of a framework to assess and communicate the credibility of simulations performed in the design of superelastic NiTi articles such as medical devices. The knowledge obtained from this calibration approach is most effective when the limitations of the underlying model and the suitability of the training data used to calibrate the model are understood and communicated.
Using simulation and resampling to improve the statistical power and reproducibility of psychological research
Authors: Strong Roger W. , Alvarez George
Published: November 2019

The replication crisis has brought about an increased focus on improving the reproducibility of psychological research (Open Science Collaboration, 2015). Although some failed replications reflect false-positives in original research findings, many are likely the result of low statistical power, which can cause failed replications even when an effect is real, no questionable research practices are used, and an experiment’s methodology is repeated perfectly. The present paper describes a simulation method (bootstrap resampling) that can be used in combination with pilot data or synthetic data to produce highly powered experimental designs. Unlike other commonly used power analysis approaches (e.g., G*Power), bootstrap resampling can be adapted to any experimental design to account for various factors that influence statistical power, including sample size, number of trials per condition, and participant exclusion criteria. Ignoring some of these factors (e.g., by using G*Power) can overestimate the power of a study or replication, increasing the likelihood that your findings will not replicate. By demonstrating how these factors influence the consistency of experimental findings, this paper provides examples of how simulation can be used to improve statistical power and reproducibility. Further, we provide a MATLAB toolbox that can be used to implement these simulation-based methods on existing pilot data (https://harvard-visionlab.github.io/power-sim).
Shifting attention to accuracy can reduce misinformation online
Authors: Pennycook Gordon , Epstein Ziv , Mosleh Mohsen , Arechar Antonio Alonso , Eckles Dean , Rand David Gertler
Published: November 2019

Why do people share false and misleading news content on social media, and what can be done about it? In a first survey experiment (N=1,015), we demonstrate a disconnect between accuracy judgments and sharing intentions: Even though true headlines are rated as much more accurate than false headlines, headline veracity has little impact on sharing. Although this may seem to indicate that people share inaccurate content because, for example, they care more about furthering their political agenda than they care about truth, we propose an alternative attentional account: Most people do not want to spread misinformation, but the social media context focuses their attention on factors other than truth and accuracy. Indeed, when directly asked, most participants say it is important to only share news that is accurate. Accordingly, across four survey experiments (total N=3,485) and a digital field experiment on Twitter in which we messaged users who had previously shared news from websites known for publishing misleading content (N=5,379), we find that subtly inducing people to think about accuracy increases the quality of the news they subsequently share. These results, together with additional computational analyses, challenge the narrative that people no longer care about accuracy. Instead, the findings support our inattention-based account wherein people fail to implement their preference for accuracy due to attentional constraints – particularly on social media. Furthermore, our research provides evidence for scalable anti-misinformation interventions that are easily implementable by social media platforms.
The Psychology of Natural Kind Terms
Authors: Foster-Hanson Emily , Rhodes Marjorie
Published: November 2019

Draft of chapter to appear in: The Psychology of Natural Kinds Terms. In S.T. Biggs, & H. Geirsson (Eds.) The Routledge Handbook on Linguistic Reference. London: Routledge.
Deep Learning goes to school: toward a relational understanding of AI in education
Authors: Perrotta Carlo , Selwyn Neil
Published: November 2019

In Applied AI, or ‘machine learning’, methods such as neural networks are used to train computers to perform tasks without human intervention. In this article, we question the applicability of these methods to education. In particular, we consider a case of recent attempts from data scientists to add AI elements to a handful of online learning environments, such as Khan Academy and the ASSISTments intelligent tutoring system. Drawing on Science and Technology Studies (STS), we provide a detailed examination of the scholarly work carried out by several data scientists around the use of ‘deep learning’ to predict aspects of educational performance. This approach draws attention to relations between various (problematic) units of analysis: ﬂawed data, partially incomprehensible computational methods, narrow forms of educational knowledge baked into the online environments, and a reductionist discourse of data science with evident economic ramiﬁcations. These relations can be framed ethnographically as a ‘controversy’ that casts doubts on AI as an objective scientiﬁc endeavour, whilst illuminating the confusions, the disagreements and the economic interests that surround its implementations.
Structural changes of duodenal mucosa enterocytes of rats in burn skin injury under experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus
Authors: Cherkasov V.G. , Tymoshenko I.O.
Published: November 2019

The work is devoted to the study of structural changes of enterocytes in the mucous membrane of the duodenum in a burn injury of the skin of a rat under conditions of experimental streptozotocin induced diabetes. The study was carried out on laboratory white adult rats-males weighing 180-210 g. The control group consisted of 21 animals without somatic pathology, the first experimental group consisted of 21 rats with skin burn injury, the second experimental group cleared 21 rats with skin burn and experimental streptozotocin induced diabetes. A model of experimental diabetes mellitus was reproduced by administering streptozotocin intraperitoneally once in dose of 50 mg/kg to rats. In an experimental simulation of a skin burn, two copper plates in the form of an ellipse were kept in water at 100oC for 10 minutes and, under ether anesthesia conditions, were applied simultaneously symmetrically on both exposed parts of the body of rats with an exposure for 10 seconds. Burn skin damage in rats was II-AB degrees – dermal surface burn (according to the old classification III-A degree) with a total area of 21-23% of the body surface with the development of burn shock. For morphological studies, the duodenum was taken, fragments of which were processed using conventional light and electron microscopy. The main criteria for assessing damage the enterocytes of the duodenal mucosa were the results studies of histological and ultrastructural data over 7, 14 and 21 days after a skin burn. The results of the studies showed that the damage of the enterocytes of the duodenal mucosa is based on deep destructive changes, which after 21 days (at the stage of septic toxemia), as a rule, are not reversible and develop against the background of significant intoxication of the organism. In the mucous membrane of the duodenum with burn injury of the skin associated with diabetes mellitus, there is a deterioration of the manifestations of the adaptive response and prolongation of destructive processes, accompanied by a violation of intercellular interactions in cytoarchitectically modified and deformed villi and crypts.
Regulation of institutional changes in the social sector of the national economy: conceptual approach
Authors: Bagmet Ksenia
Published: November 2019

Introduction. The development of the national economy under the modern conditions is increasingly determined by the potential both of the commercial sector and also of the social sector development level since a number of economic policy tasks concern this sector. Issues of economic and social inequality are increasingly being explored in terms of their impact on economic growth in a long run. The complexity of implementing state regulation of the social sector to ensure inclusive growth raises a number of problems, because policies need to be coherent and institutional arrangements are effectively implemented.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of the study is to substantiate a conceptual approach to institutional transformations regulating of the social sector of the national economy, based on the principles of inclusive economic growth.
Results. According to the institutional changes theory, the formation of a coherent strategy regarding the state regulation of institutional changes in the social sector of the national economy requires consideration of the dependence on the previous way of development. So, the structure that is being formed requires both vertical (with basic institutions) and horizontal (with institutions formed within the social sector) coordination. Development of two mentioned types of interactions should be aligned with the strategy of state regulation of the social sector of the national economy - market-coherent and socially-coherent and gives the opportunity to achieve both social and economic (commercial) results, to balance the measures aimed at these interactions.
Conclusions. Within the framework of the problem of creation of an effective system of state regulation solution for ensuring inclusive growth within the proposed approach, the necessity of stakeholder interaction development, creation of an institutional and economic environment for the development of market-coherent and socially-coherent interactions considering achievement of economic growth with simultaneous achievement of social goals is ensured. Strategic direction of state regulation of institutional changes in the social sector of the national economy can be considered a gradual shift from the institutions of income redistribution to participation institutions (education, infrastructure, etc.). Education development is one of the priorities, as research findings indicate that the problem of access to education is a significant factor in inequality.
Life in the ant trails
Authors: Vigh Henrik
Published: November 2019

This article looks ethnographically at the cocaine trade in and through Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. It clarifies some of the less obvious aspects of illegal cross-border trade and ties the minor flow of drugs, often trafficked by the desperate and disenfranchised, to larger global dynamics. While international media and commentators alike frequently depict transnational organized crime as a pathogen attacking the healthy global order, a closer look at the Bissau cocaine trade clarifies that the trade is neither external nor parasitical but integral to it. The trade’s grasp of Bissau is anchored in enduring critical circumstance, stretching from the social to the political, and displays several ironic feedback loops and interdependencies linking misfortune in time and space. The article thus shows how negative conditions may travel and circulate in a manner that ramifies vulnerability across economic and political borders.
Doing bizness
Authors: Richter Line
Published: November 2019

Drawing on extensive fieldwork among Malian migrants and connection men, this article investigates the sociality of facilitating migrant journeys and illegal border crossings in the Maghreb. Dominant discourses portray smugglers as participating in highly organized networks of unscrupulous people taking advantage of innocent migrants. I counter such narratives by zooming in on West African migrants involved in the facilitation of illegal border crossings. This bizness consists of ensembles of temporary practices and relations embedded in everyday life with linkages to historical and regional practices of brokering and hosting. This perspective invites us to move conceptually from focusing on different (stereo) types of smugglers to considering smuggling practices; to make sense of the phenomenon, we need to pay less attention to fixed social positions and more to the transient social poses adopted by those involved.
Novices in bureaucratic regimes
Authors: Obeid Michelle
Published: November 2019

This article tracks the learning experiences of a refugee mother in negotiating her housing rights during her first months of settlement in the United Kingdom. New migrants often experience bureaucracy as “novices” in unfamiliar legal and bureaucratic regimes. By contrast to common depictions of bureaucracies as predominant sites of disenchantment and frustration, I attend ethnographically to the ways in which novice claimants come to trust and value bureaucratic encounters as productive spaces that reveal to them the vocabulary of legitimacy as they learn to inhabit official categories and forge bureaucratic personhoods. I suggest an understanding of migrants’ previous knowledge of non-Western bureaucratic regimes shapes their experiences of ambiguity in bureaucracy.
[Review on] Kutsenkov P. a., Lavrentieva N. V., Chegodaev M. A. From ancestral society to early civilizations: Ancient Egypt and West Africa / Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, State Institute of Art Studies. Moscow: IV RAS, 2019. 508 p.
Authors: Burlak S. A.
Published: November 2019

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Mineral-phase paragenes in explosive products of modern emergencies of Kamchatka and Kuril volcanoes. Part 2. Minerals-satellites of tolbach type diamond
Authors: Silaev V. I. , Karpov G. A. , Anikin L. P. , Vergasova L. P. , Filippov V. N. , Tarasov K. V.
Published: November 2019

In the composition of the explosive-atmoelectrogenic paragenes studied by us, more than 100 mineral species, varieties and non-crystalline phases are found - carbon minerals, phases and compounds, native metals and alloys, carbides, silicides, nitrides, halides, chalcogenides, oxides, silicates and aluminosilicates, oxygen salts. The studied paragenes is characterized by an abnormally low level of mineralogical organization, which indicates the deep origin of the substance in the explosive facies of volcanic eruptions, including carbon minerals, phases and organic compounds.
Towards FAIR principles for research software
Authors: Lamprecht Anna-Lena , Garcia Leyla , Kuzak Mateusz , Martinez Carlos , Arcila Ricardo , Martin Del Pico Eva , Dominguez Del Angel Victoria , van de Sandt Stephanie , Ison Jon , Martinez Paula Andrea , McQuilton Peter , Valencia Alfonso , Harrow Jennifer , Psomopoulos Fotis , Gelpi Josep Ll. , Chue Hong Neil , Goble Carole , Capella-Gutierrez Salvador
Published: November 2019

The FAIR Guiding Principles, published in 2016, aim to improve the findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability of digital research objects for both humans and machines. Until now the FAIR principles have been mostly applied to research data. The ideas behind these principles are, however, also directly relevant to research software. Hence there is a distinct need to explore how the FAIR principles can be applied to software. In this work, we aim to summarize the current status of the debate around FAIR and software, as basis for the development of community-agreed principles for FAIR research software in the future. We discuss what makes software different from data with regard to the application of the FAIR principles, and which desired characteristics of research software go beyond FAIR. Then we present an analysis of where the existing principles can directly be applied to software, where they need to be adapted or reinterpreted, and where the definition of additional principles is required. Here interoperability has proven to be the most challenging principle, calling for particular attention in future discussions. Finally, we outline next steps on the way towards definite FAIR principles for research software.
What blockhain developers and users expect from virtual currency regulations: A survey study
Authors: Dahlberg Tomi
Published: November 2019

Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (BC/DLT) are one of the hottest hype information technologies. Within BC/DLT regulatory development, virtual currency regulations have dominated both research and regulative work. At the same time, the impacts on virtual currency regulation on their developers and users have been investigated limitedly, especially empirically. This article fills this research gap. The present article reviews research on regulatory frameworks, approaches and regulations primarily within the European Union (EU) as the empirical data is collected within one EU member state. The virtual currency regulation use case of the country is also described. Survey data was collected from 40 virtual currency service developers and users with the help of three BC/DLT and fintech associations. The detected 27 regulatory expectations were rank-ordered with 164 pairwise comparisons by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) based Wiki Survey method. The respondents indicated that increased clarity of taxation is their most important regulatory expectation followed by regulators’ understanding about the nature of distributed ledgers. This article contributes to research by consolidating findings on regulations, by empirically investigating developers’ and users’ regulatory expectations and by extending the use of the Wiki Survey to fintech and BC/DLT studies.
Determinants of blockchain adoption in the public sector: An empirical examination
Authors: Reddick Christopher G. , Cid Gabriel Purón , Ganapati Sukumar
Published: November 2019

What are the factors that influence blockchain adoption in the public sector? This paper uses the diffusion of innovation theory to examine leading adopters of blockchain at the national government level. Six factors for blockchain adoption were tested using logistic regression: cybersecurity, control of corruption, e-government development, government effectiveness, political stability, and democratic participation. The analysis shows that cybersecurity, government effectiveness, and political stability are significant predictors. High levels of cybersecurity and government effectiveness increases the likelihood of countries to adopt blockchain. Paradoxically, higher degree of political stability decreases the likelihood of early blockchain adoption.
Positive Association Between Cognitive Function and Cerebrospinal Fluid Orexin A Levels in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Shimizu Soichiro , Takenoshita Naoto , Inagawa Yuta , Tsugawa Akito , Hirose Daisuke , Kaneko Yoshitsugu , Ogawa Yusuke , Serisawa Shuntaro , Sakurai Shu , Hirao Kentaro , Kanetaka Hidekazu , Kanbayashi Takashi , Imanishi Aya , Sakurai Hirofumi , Hanyu Haruo
Published: November 2019

Background:

Recently, many studies have investigated the association between orexin A and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it remains to be determined whether the observed changes in orexin A levels are associated with pathological changes underlying AD, or cognitive function. In particular, a direct association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) orexin A levels and cognitive function has not been reported to date.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to identify whether there is a direct association between the orexinergic system and cognitive function in AD.

Methods:

For this study, we included 22 patients with AD and 25 control subjects who underwent general physical, neurological, and psychiatric examinations, neuroimaging, and CSF collection by lumbar puncture were enrolled. Correlations between CSF orexin A levels and CSF AD biomarker levels (i.e., levels of phosphorylated tau [p-tau], Aβ42, and Aβ42/Aβ40) were assessed to confirm the results of previous studies. Moreover, the correlation between CSF orexin A levels and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) scores were analyzed.

Results:

There was a significant positive correlation between CSF orexin-A levels and cognitive function (MMSE scores: r = 0.591, p = 0.04, MoCA score: r = 0.571, p = 0.006) in AD patients.

Conclusion:

This is the first study to our knowledge demonstrating an association between cognitive function and CSF orexin A levels in AD. Our results suggest the possibility that orexinergic system overexpression is not always a negative factor for cognitive function In AD.
Verification of stateful cryptographic protocols with exclusive OR
Authors: Dreier Jannik , Hirschi Lucca , Radomirović Saša , Sasse Ralf
Published: November 2019

In cryptographic protocols, in particular RFID protocols, exclusive-or (XOR) operations are common. Due to the inherent complexity of faithful models of XOR, there is only limited tool support for the verification of cryptographic protocols using XOR. In this paper, we improve the Tamarin prover and its underlying theory to deal with an equational theory modeling XOR operations. The XOR theory can be combined with all equational theories previously supported, including user-defined equational theories. This makes Tamarin the first verification tool for cryptographic protocols in the symbolic model to support simultaneously this large set of equational theories, protocols with global mutable state, an unbounded number of sessions, and complex security properties including observational equivalence. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by analyzing several protocols that rely on XOR, in particular multiple RFID-protocols, where we can identify attacks as well as provide proofs.
Nasal CPAP complications in very low birth weight preterm infants
Authors: Guimarães A.R. , Rocha G. , Rodrigues M. , Guimarães H.
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND:

Nasal trauma due to nasal CPAP (nCPAP) use is a commonly reported complication in infants under 1500 g of birth weight and 32 weeks of gestation. With the rise of nCPAP as the gold standard for non-invasive respiratory support, preventive measures should be considered.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the prevalence and risk factors of nasal injury in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants with nCPAP.

METHODS:

We retrospectively analyzed neonates hospitalized between 2012 and 2017, with less than 1500 g and 32 weeks of gestational age who received more than 12 hours of nCPAP. Demographic, antenatal and clinical data, along with information regarding respiratory support and nCPAP complications, were collected. We used Fischer’s classification to grade nasal trauma.

RESULTS:

A total of 135 infants were evaluated. Mean gestational age was 28 weeks (SD 2) and mean birth weight 1072 g (SD 239). Nasal trauma was reported in 65% of patients and it was of stage I, II and III in 49%, 16% and 1% of patients, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression revealed that the risk of trauma was greater in neonates with a longer duration of nCPAP ventilation (OR = 1.098, 95% CI: 1.055–1.142; p < 0.001) and in patients submitted to oxygen therapy (OR = 3.174, 95% CI: 1.014–9.929, p = 0.004). The median of days after nCPAP administration until the onset of an identifiable lesion was 4.

CONCLUSION:

Nasal trauma is a frequent complication in VLBW preterm infants using nCPAP for long periods. Preventive measures in patients who are at greater risk of skin breakdown are of major clinical importance for a better outcome.
Trials by application the drugs «Prazitsid®-suspension Plus» and «Dirofen® tablets» at hemorrhagic diarrhea in cats with giardiasis
Authors: Шибитов Самат , Shibitov Samat , Бажибина Елена , Bazhibina Elena , Петрова Ольга , Petrova Ol'ga
Published: November 2019

The results of a pilot study of anthelmintics drugs ― «Prazicide®-suspension Plus» and «Dirofen® tablets» in the treatment of diarrhea in cats with giardiosis are given. The studied drugs contain febantel, which has an anti-Giardia effect, it makes possible to recommend them to animals in cases of suspected protozoa invasion. The drugs are developed and introduced into clinical practice as anthelmintics of a wide spectrum of action for the regular deworming of small pets. Data of clinical and laboratory allow us to expand the range of application of these drugs in cats, in particular, to recommend them to animals with gastrointestinal disorders, manifesting symptoms of classical acute diarrhea. The clinical efficacy criteria were: repeated parasitological study of feces, as well as negative samples of laboratory express-tests (IHA, ELISA or PCR) taking into account the dynamics of elimination of diarrhea symptoms and flatulence in cats. A coproscopic analysis was performed by classical parasitological methods ― by microscopy of native of feces and / or supernatant after preparation of the sample according to the Fulleborn method (1920). The results of our studies showed the clinical efficacy in the treatment of feline giardiosis of «Prazicide®-suspension Plus» and «Dirofen® tablets» (developed by API-SAN LLC) with a triple use in a therapeutic dose, according to the instructions.
SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN TANAH PADA TIGA PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KOTA SAMARINDA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Assolihat Nurul Kamila , Karyati Karyati , Syafrudin Muhammad
Published: November 2019

The different land uses influence to the soil temperature and humidity in the different soil depths. The objective of this study was to know the soil temperature and humidity in the different soil depths (5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm) in three land uses (young secondary forest, settlement area, and open area). The average soil temperature in the young secondary forest were 27.6°C, 27.4°C, 27.0°C, dan 26.9°C. The average soil temperature in the soil depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm were 27.5°C, 27.4°C, 27.0°C, and 26.8°C in the settlement area. The average soil temperature in the open area were 27.6°C, 27.4°C, 27.0°C and 26.9°C. The average soil humidity in the young secondary forest were in depth of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm were 78.5%, 78.8%, 79.1% and 79.4%. The average soil humidity in the settlement area were 76.4%, 78.5%, 79.3%, and 80.2% in the depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm. The average soil humidity in the depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm were 69.2%, 69.6%,  70.3%, dan 70.8% in the open area.
Are Women Perceived as Worse Magicians Than Men? Gender Bias When Evaluating Magic Tricks
Authors: Gygax Pascal , Thomas Cyril , Didierjean André , Kuhn Gustav
Published: November 2019

We present two experiments investigating the effect of the perceived gender of a magician on the perception of the quality of magic tricks. In Experiment 1, tricks performed by an allegedly female magician were considered worse than those by an allegedly male magician. In Experiment 2, participants had to generate possible solutions to how the tricks were done. Under these conditions, male participants were better at explaining the tricks, but the gender effect found in Experiment 1 disappeared. We discuss the gender bias in Experiment 1 and the lack of bias in Experiment 2 in terms of specific social and cognitive mechanisms (e.g., cognitive dissonance).
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MUTU PELAYANAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PASIEN DI PUSKESMAS RAWAT INAP KABUPATEN PASAMAN 2019
Authors: Harun Herman
Published: November 2019

Mutu pelayanan kesehatan di puskesmas adalah produk akhir dari interaksi dan ketergantungan yang rumit antara berbagai komponen atau aspek pelayanan. Pelayanan puskesmas yang bermutu akan menjadi salah satu faktor penentu upaya peningkatan status kesehatan masyarakat Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui analisis mutu pelayanan kesehatan dengan kepuasan pasien di puskesmas rawat inap kabupaten pasaman tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain crossectional study. Sampel penelitian adalah 195 responden di PKM Rawat Inap Kabupaten Pasaman. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh mutu pelayanan kesehatan dengan kepuasan pasien dilakukan analisis dengan uji chis-quare dan Uji Regresi Logistik Berganda. dengan derajat kepercayaan 95 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan uji chi-square diperoleh ada hubungan reliability (0,023), responsiveness (0,018), assurances (0,009), empathy (0,005), tangibles (0,0005) dengan Kepuasan Pasien di PKM rawat inap Kabupaten Pasaman tahun 2019. Hasil multivariate diperoleh dari 5 variabel, 1 variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pasien yaitu tangibles (0,0005). Kepada Petugas Kesehatan dapat mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi mutu pelayanan kesehatan dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien terutama di Puskesmas.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI KAWASAN BANK SAMPAH HANASTY KOTA SOLOK
Authors: Wildawati Despa
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT

Urban or settlement waste is one of the problems that needs serious attention because urban or residential waste from year to year continues to increase along with the population growth rate. The purpose of this study was to find out the analysis of community-based solid waste management in the Hanasty Waste Bank area of Tanah Garam Village, Lubuk Sikarah Subdistrict, Solok City in 2019. This type of research was descriptive analytic with crossectional study design. The research sample was 212 respondents in the hanasty waste bank area. To find out the analysis of community-based waste management in the area of the Solok City hanasty waste bank, an analysis was performed with the chi-quare test with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that after analyzing using the chi-square test, there was a relationship of knowledge (0.014), attitude (0.017) and action (0.039) to community based RT waste management. The government can be used as a reference for making policies on waste management in the city of Solok. And also for the community to increase knowledge and apply experience, also increase awareness in community-based waste management.

Keywords: Waste Management, Community, Waste Bank

ABSTRAK

Sampah perkotaan atau pemukiman merupakan salah satu masalah yang perlu mendapat perhatian yang serius karena sampah perkotaan atau pemukiman dari tahun ke tahun terus meningkat seiring dengan laju pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui Analisis Pengelolaan Sampah berbasis masyarakat di kawasan Bank Sampah Hanasty Kelurahan Tanah Garam Kecamatan Lubuk Sikarah Kota Solok tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain crossectional study. Sampel penelitian adalah 212 responden di kawasan bank sampah hanasty. Untuk mengetahui analisis pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat di kawasan bank sampah hanasty Kota Solok dilakukan analisis dengan uji chis-quare. dengan derajat kepercayaan 95 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan uji chi-square diperoleh ada hubungan pengetahuan (0,014), sikap (0,017) dan tindakan (0,039) terhadap pengelolaan sampah RT berbasis masyarakat.Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengangkutan sampah dari sumber ke TPA belum terpisah antara sampah organik dan an organik. Kepada pemerintah dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan untuk pembuatan kebijakan tentang pengelolaan sampah di Kota Solok serta dapat membentuk Lembaga Pengelola Sampah di tingkat RT dan RW  dan  juga untuk masyarakat dapat menambah pengetahuan serta menerapkan pengalaman, juga meningkatkan kesadaran dalam pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat.

 

Kata kunci : Pengelolaan Sampah, Masyarakat, Bank Sampah
Glutensiz Diyetin Sağlık Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: Ulusoy Hande Gül , Rakıcıoğlu Neslişah
Published: November 2019

Glutensiz diyetler, başlıca çölyak hastalığı olmak üzere irritabl bağırsak sendromu, otizm, romatoid artrit, şizofreni, atopi, fibromiyalji, endometriozis ve kronik pelvik ağrı, atletik performans ve vücut ağırlık kaybı diyetlerinde kullanılmaktadır. Glutensiz diyetin, uygulayanlarda protein, diyet posası, vitamin ve mineraller gibi bazı besin ögesi eksikliklerine neden olabileceği bildirilmiştir. Glutensiz besinlerin enerji ve yağ içeriklerinin yüksek olmasından dolayı glutensiz diyete uyum sonrası, vücut ağırlığı kaybı yerine vücut ağırlığı kazanımı meydana gelebilmektedir. Ayrıca glutensiz besinlerin yağ içeriği yüksek olduğundan kardiyovasküler risk faktörleri açısından da dikkatli olunmalıdır. Glutensiz diyetlerde sık görülen besin ögesi yetersizliklerini önlemek için gluten içermeyen ve besin ögeleri açısından zengin alternatif tahılların tüketilmesinin yanı sıra posa ve birçok besin ögesinden zengin sebze, meyve ve kurubaklagil tüketimine de önem gösterilmelidir.