bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hospital Building and Departmental Area Calculation: Comparison of 36 Recent North American Projects
Authors: Lavy Sarel , Hamilton D. Kirk , Jiang Yin , Kircher Amy , Dixit M. K. , Lee Jin-Ting
Published: August 2019

Background:

Hospital trustees, administrators, and their consultants must base important budget decisions upon a projection of the size of proposed construction projects. The anticipated functions and an estimate of the space required are generally provided in a project program or project brief. The programming consultant, often part of the architect’s team, will calculate the physical area (square feet or square meters) required to perform the desired functions based on an understanding of demographics in the service area, services offered, the volumes of service required, and a historical understanding of space required to perform those services. Hospitals and hospital designs in North America have been changing. Plans must now address far higher percentages of outpatient care, accommodate new equipment modalities, and provide space to account for family presence in patient rooms.

Aim:

A study was undertaken to better understand whether the allocation of space in recently constructed hospital projects is different from the amounts of area devoted to various departments and functions in older projects.

Method:

In order to assure measurement consistency, a measurement methodology was developed and is reported elsewhere. Thirty-six recently constructed hospitals were measured.

Results:

The results provide new information about the allocation of space for nondepartmental functions within the overall building gross calculation. Many of the departmental space allocations fell within an expected range. Ultimately, significant detailed information about hospital area calculations is made available to the public because of this study.
Ethical Dilemmas Within Online Literacy Research
Authors: Curwood Jen Scott , Magnifico Alecia Marie , Lammers Jayne C. , Stornaiuolo Amy
Published: August 2019

As literacy researchers trace how people make meaning across multiple contexts and online environments, ethical complexities arise that require researchers to be culturally attuned, flexible, innovative, and reflexive. This article draws on a transliteracies perspective to argue that ethical issues related to accessibility, positionality, relationality, and temporality must drive literacy research in online spaces. It highlights international research situated in online environments to explore some of the ethical challenges, dilemmas, and opportunities that literacy researchers face as they conceptualize, conduct, and disseminate scholarship in a digital age. It seeks to move the literacy field forward by sharing guiding questions and provocations to inform digitally situated lines of inquiry and by offering recommendations for literacy researchers who seek to conduct ethical research in online spaces.
A review on micro-electron beam welding with a modernized SEM: Process, applications, trends and future prospect
Authors: Kundu Anupam , Pratihar Dilip Kumar , Pal Abhishek Rudra
Published: August 2019

Electron beam welding (EBW) is a well-established joining method in the field of manufacturing. If this technology is downscaled to a micro-level (i.e., micro-EBW (µ-EBW)), it will be able to solve a variety of problems. The necessity of adopting µ-EBW technology lies with the fact that it can be used from micro-mechanical fabrication to micro-electronics components joining, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS), medical instrument, etc. µ-EBW has some special properties like the possibility of obtaining exact focussing of the beam and conducting measurement up to micrometer level, accurate control of energy input, inertia-free manipulation, high-frequency oscillation movement and ability to work under high vacuum chamber. µ-EBW has several important applications like micro-joining and micro-fabrication, which is welding of dissimilar materials. This article deals with a review of the recent developments, significant applications, and advantages of µ-EBW, multiple modes of joining and also some new technologies such as scanning electron microscope, function generator, control software, etc. Finally, the current challenges of this emerging technology and the scopes for future studies have been presented in this article.
Serial treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma with different BCMA-targeting therapies
Authors: Cohen Adam D. , Garfall Alfred L. , Dogan Ahmet , Lacey Simon F. , Martin Chris , Lendvai Nikoletta , Vogl Dan T. , Spear Matthew , Lesokhin Alexander M.
Published: August 2019

Key Points

Myeloma patients progressing on BCMA-targeted therapy can maintain BCMA expression and still respond to different BCMA-targeted therapy. These observations suggest this patient population could be included in ongoing BCMA-targeted therapy trials.
Patriotismo luso-brasileiro: a felicidade e o bem comum no imaginário ilustrado das primeiras décadas do século XIX.
Authors: Gomes Wederson de Souza
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo busca analisar o conceito de patriotismo no Império luso-brasileiro entre o findar do século XVIII e primeiras décadas do XIX a partir da trajetória política e intelectual de José de Resende Costa Filho. Polissêmico e com usos e sentidos que variavam de acordo com o contexto a noção de patriotismo a partir do imaginário intelectual ilustrado oitocentista permite entrever como esses homens vislumbravam o Império. A trajetória de José de Resende Costa Filho, que atravessa desde a Inconfidência Mineira até a constituição do IHGB, é significativa para que possamos compreender a pluralidade, assim como as particularidades do conceito.
O desafio da educação popular na luta pela reforma urbana: o exemplo do Espaço Criarte Mariana Crioula (ECMC) na Ocupação Manuel Congo (MNLM-RJ)
Authors: Rêdes Laura , Neves Vinícius
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo discorrerá sobre a avaliação da prática pedagógica do Espaço Criarte Mariana Crioula na Ocupação Manuel Congo (RJ) na perspectiva da luta pela Reforma Urbana. Não pretendemos realizar uma abordagem aprofundada sobre a Reforma Urbana e a Educação Popular, mas relacionar esses dois temas fundamentais com as ações do Movimento Nacional de Luta pela Moradia do Rio de Janeiro (MNLM-RJ), especificamente sobre o processo da consolidação da Ocupação Manuel Congo e a construção do núcleo de educação popular Espaço Criarte Mariana Crioula.
História do cotidiano de Brasília: “experiência” e resistência dos candangos na construção da nova capital (1959 1961)
Authors: Gusmão Ramon Lamoso
Published: August 2019

Este artigo é uma tentativa de trazer à luz parte da história de Brasília que não é ufanista,que não aborda a capital apenas sob a ótica do nacional desenvolvimentismo, da arquiteturamodernista, a síntese do Brasil que deixava de ser um país agrário exportador para setransformar em uma nação urbana e industrializada, nas décadas de 1950/1960. Trata se deuma análise sobre o cotidiano de pessoas comuns, dos candangos, como ficaram conhecidosos ope rários que construíram a nova capital. Eles viveram experiências além do trabalho, queprecisam ser contadas. É uma versão praticamente desconhecida, apagada, omitida dahistória de Brasília, cujos protagonistas são milhares de nordestinos, goianos e minei ros. Eleschegaram ao Planalto Central com esperanças que ao longo do tempo se tornariam ilusões. A“experiência” desses trabalhadores ficou registrada nas duas fontes usadas neste trabalho:boletins de ocorrência da polícia e o diário escrito por um canda ngo.
Hortas urbanas como intervenções temporárias: uma breve reflexão
Authors: Yamamoto Thais , Moreira Cintia
Published: August 2019

Este artigo se propõe levantar a reflexão sobre a utilização de hortas urbanas como intervenções temporárias constituindo-se uma alternativa para revitalização de espaços urbanos. Para isso, serão levantados os conceitos que abordam a temática sobre intervenções temporárias e sobre hortas urbanas visando compreender como esses temas contribuem para a modificação dos espaços no sentido de ressignificar e transformar as áreas onde eles ocorrem através da criação de laços sociais. Pretende-se entender as relações existentes entre a sociedade e o espaço urbano através da intervenção temporária de uma horta urbana como uma forma de ampliar o olhar para uma cidade contemporânea que se torna cada vez mais efêmera e refletora de constantes transformações. O interesse em relação à temática proposta é se constituir como parte de um trabalho de pesquisa em desenvolvimento, que visa utilizar uma horta urbana como possível solução de intervenção temporária para terrenos públicos subutilizados existentes no meio urbano. Para reforçar e exemplificar os entendimentos teóricos levantados, este artigo realiza uma breve análise de um caso concreto de uma horta em comunidade no Morro da Formiga, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro.
Cognitive Biases Influence Decision-Making Regarding Postacute Care
in a Skilled Nursing Facility
Authors: Burke Robert E , Leonard Chelsea , Lee Marcie , Ayele Roman , Cumbler Ethan , Allyn Rebecca , Greysen S Ryan
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Decisions about postacute care are increasingly important as the United States population ages, its use becomes increasingly common, and payment reforms target postacute care. However, little is known about how to improve these decisions.
OBJECTIVE: To understand whether cognitive biases play an important role in patient and clinician decision-making regarding postacute care in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and identify the most impactful biases.
DESIGN: Secondary analysis of 105 semistructured interviews with patients, caregivers, and clinicians.
SETTING: Three hospitals and three SNFs in a single metropolitan area.
PATIENTS: Adults over age 65 discharged to SNFs after hospitalization as well as patients, caregivers, and multidisciplinary frontline clinicians in both hospital and SNF settings.
MEASUREMENTS: We identified potential cognitive biases from prior systematic and narrative reviews and conducted a team-based framework analysis of interview transcripts to identify potential biases.
RESULTS: Authority bias/halo effect and framing bias were the most prevalent and seemed the most impactful, while default/status quo bias and anchoring bias were also present in decision-making about SNFs.
CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive biases play an important role in decision-making about postacute care in SNFs. The combination of authority bias/halo effect and framing bias may synergistically increase the likelihood of patients accepting SNFs for postacute care. As postacute care undergoes a transformation spurred by payment reforms, it is increasingly important to ensure that patients understand their choices at hospital discharge and can make high-quality decisions consistent with their goals.
Overlap between Medicare's Voluntary Bundled Payment and Accountable Care Organization Programs
Authors: Navathe Amol S , Dinh Claire , Dykstra Sarah E , Werner Rachel M , Liao Joshua M
Published: August 2019

Accountable care organizations (ACOs) and bundled payments represent prominent value‐based payment models, but the magnitude of overlap between the two models has not yet been described. Using Medicare data, we defined overlap based on attribution to Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) ACOs and hospitalization for Bundled Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) episodes at BPCI participant hospitals. Between 2013 and 2016, overlap as a share of ACO patients increased from 2.7% to 10% across BPCI episodes, while overlap as a share of all bundled payment patients increased from 19% to 27%. Overlap from the perspectives of both ACO and bundled payments varied by specific episode. In the first description of overlap between ACOs and bundled payments, one in every ten MSSP patients received care under BPCI by the end of our study period, whereas more than one in every four patients receiving care under BPCI were also attributed to MSSP. Policymakers should consider strategies to address the clinical and policy implications of increasing payment model overlap.
Introduction—2018 Caterpillar and INFORMS Analytics Society Innovative Applications in Analytics Award (IAAA)
Authors: Jaramillo Juan R. , Wikum Erick
Published: August 2019

This issue of the INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics (formerly Interfaces) includes a special section of full-length papers from four of the finalists of the 2018 Innovative Applications in Analytics Award, which recognizes organizations for novel and impactful analytics applications. The finalists’ applications, four of which are described herein, cover a wide range of application areas and analytics techniques and point to the universal applicability and significant impact of analytics. The INFORMS website includes additional information on this award; see https://www.informs.org/Recognizing-Excellence/Community-Prizes/Analytics-Society/Innovative-Applications-in-Analytics-Award .
A Segment-Based Formulation and a Matheuristic for the Humanitarian Pickup and Distribution Problem
Authors: Eisenhandler Ohad , Tzur Michal
Published: August 2019

We present a novel formulation and a matheuristic for a rich humanitarian logistic problem that is motivated by the daily operation of food banks. The problem consists of collecting food donations from suppliers in the food industry and delivering them to food relief agencies that serve individuals in need. This setting requires simultaneous vehicle routing and resource allocation decisions, with the aim of balancing two possibly colliding goals: maximizing the total amount distributed and achieving equity in the allocation. The proposed formulation is based on certain properties satisfied by the optimal solution to the problem and is used within a framework of a broader solution method, which is shown to provide better performance than previously suggested methods. We demonstrate how the new approach can also be extended to the multivehicle counterpart, both with and without time windows.
Assessing mental capacity and making decisions
Authors: Finch John
Published: August 2019

John Finch, a legal member of the Mental Health Act Commission for England and Wales from its creation by statute in 1983 until 1991, takes a fresh look at the uncomfortable history of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and asks whether the Act has served any useful purpose.
Perceived Social Support and University Adjustment among Spanish College Students
Authors: Martinez-Lopez Zeltia , Tinajero Carolina , Rodriguez M. Soledad , Paramo M. Fernanda
Published: August 2019

Previous studies have confirmed that perceived social support facilitates university adjustment during emerging adulthood. Less is known, however, about the specific dimensions of social support that foster successful transition to university. This research represents the first attempt to examine the combined effects of social provisions, sense of support and perceived acceptance on each facet of adaptation to higher education. The sample consisted of 198 women and 102 men, of average age 18.03 years (SD = 0.52), enrolled in the first year of different degree courses at a public university. Three measures were used to assess various dimensions of perceived social support: the Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ6), the Perceived Acceptance Scale (PAS) and Social Provisions Scale (SPS). The measures of the various facets of university adjustment were obtained from the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ). Regression analysis indicated that reassurance of worth and perceived acceptance by friends were the dimensions that best predicted all facets of university adjustment. The findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of how perception of social support could be used to develop effective intervention strategies and programmes to prevent failure at university.
Restoration and rehabilitation potential of the remnant natural forests of Himchari National Park (HNP) in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: HOSSEN SADDAM , HOSSAIN MOHAMMED KAMAL , UDDIN MOHAMMAD FAHIM
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Hossen S, Hossain MK, Uddin MF. 2019. Restoration and rehabilitation potential of the remnant natural forests of Himchari National Park (HNP) in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Asian J For 3 : 25-30. The present study was conducted by taking 51 stratified random sample quadrats (20 m x 20 m), where, naturally occupied vegetation (dbh ≥ 5cm) was found in maximum (16 plot, 31%) number of plots. The highest number of regenerated seedlings was accounted for Grewia nervosa 12.37 % followed by Acacia auriculiformis 8.95%. For regeneration study, 5 m × 5 m subplots were taken at the centre of each of the 51 sample quadrats and thus a total of 51 regeneration subplots were studied. The maximum Importance Value Index (IVI) of regenerated seedlings was found for Grewia nervosa (26.43) followed by Acacia auriculiformis (20.27). Different biological diversity indices such as species diversity index, Shanon-Wiener’s diversity index, Shanon’s maximum diversity index, species evenness index, Margalef’s diversity index and Simpson’s diversity index were 0.054, 3.166, 3.714, 0.853, 6.03 and 0.057 respectively. Maximum natural regeneration was observed in the sample plots of Natural and plantation forest type rather than remnant natural forests or patches. Based on result, the following research outputs are also recommended: (i). Evaluation of forest harvesting impacts on the forest ecosystems, (ii). Development of rehabilitation methods on logged-over forests and degraded forest lands, (iii). Development of silvicultural techniques on plantation and degraded lands, (iv). Network on the restoration and rehabilitation of degraded forest ecosystems.
Plant fruits used as food by the Dayak community of Tamambaloh in Labian Ira’ang Village, Kapuas Hulu District, Indonesia
Authors: SUPIANDI MARKUS IYUS , LELIAVIA LELIAVIA , SYAFRUDDIN DIDIN , UTAMI YUNIARTI ESSI , SEKUNDA RUFINA
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Supiandi MI, Leliavia, Syafruddin D, Utami YE, Sekunda R. 2019. Plant fruits used as food by the Dayak community of Tamambaloh in Labian Ira’ang Village, Kapuas Hulu District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1827-1832. The Dayak Tamambaloh community has a long tradition of using plants as source of food. However, this knowledge of using the plants as food has not been scientifically documented. The objectives of this study were to identify the species of plants, especially fruit yielding plants, that which were used as food, and to document the methods of their processing practiced by Dayak Tamambaloh community. This study was conducted through the literature survey, interviews and field surveys in Labian Ira’ang Village, Kapuas Hulu District, Indonesia. The results of this study showed that Dayak Tamambaloh community in Labian Ira’ang Village use fruits of as many as 60 species of plants for edible purposes. They belonged to 29 plant families. The families with the highest percentage of fruit yielding plants were Moraceae (10%) and Cucurbitaceae (10%). The food plants were mainly obtained from forests (58.33%), gardens (16.67%), house yards (15%), river banks (5%) and hills (5%).
Fatty acids composition and biohydrogenation reduction agents of tropical forages
Authors: MAKMUR MALIK , ZAIN MARDIATI , MARLIDA YETTI , KHASRAD KHASRAD , JAYANEGARA ANURAGA
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Makmur M, Zain M, Marlida Y, Khasrad, Jayanegara A. 2019. Fatty acids composition and biohydrogenation reduction agents of tropical forages. Biodiversitas 20: 1917-1922. The study was conducted to determine the composition of fatty acids, measured rumen biohydrogenation reduction agents (total phenols and total tannins) content and selected promising plants in various species of tropical forages. Ten species of tropical forages, namely, Panicum maximum, Cynodon plectostachyus, Pennisetum purpurephoides, Pennisetum purpureum, Brachiaria decumbens, Glyricidia sepium, Calliandra calothyrsus, Stylosanthes guaianensis, Leucaena leucocephala and Indigofera zollingeriana were used in this study. The fatty acids composition (% of total identified fatty acids) which were dominant in grasses were C18: 3n-3 (29%), C16: 0 (28%) and C18: 2n-6 (23%). Whereas in legumes, the significantly higher composition of fatty acids was C18: 3n-3 (42%) followed by C16: 0 (17%) and C18: 2n-6 (17%). The average poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) composition in grasses was relatively lower (44.6%) than legumes (59%). Likewise the content of total phenols and total tannins (g/100g DM) of grasses (0.91 and 0.41) and legumes (1.72 and 0.70). The selection of the forage plant species was based on the criteria of PUFA composition and biohydrogenation reduction agents using TOPSIS method. The results obtained show that B. decumbens (grass) and I. zollingeriana (legume) had the highest preference value of 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. In conclusion, B. decumbens and I. zollingeriana are forage species that have potential to provide healthier ruminant products.
The pattern of Etlingera elatior cultivation in agroforestry systems and its use as traditional medicines and food by local people of Kabanjahe, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: PURWOKO AGUS , TURNIP HELTIMALA , MASER WAHYU HARYATI
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Purwoko A, Turnip H, Maser WH. 2019. The pattern of Etlingera elatior cultivation in agroforestry systems and its use as traditional medicines and food by local people of Kabanjahe, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1998-2003. Etlingera elatior or kecombrang (Indonesian name) is a native plant of Indonesia. In Kabanjahe, this plant is planted in agroforestry systems. The purposes of this study were to describe the pattern of Etlingera elatior cultivation in agroforestry systems, and to document the use of Etlingera elatior as medicines and food by the local people of Kabanjahe, North Sumatra. Data were collected with field observations and interviews, and the collected data were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that kecombrang was planted in agroforestry systems in three patterns, namely (i) kecombrang, cinnamon, and coffee, (ii) kecombrang, coffee, and bamboo, and (iii) and kecombrang, avocado, and vegetables. Kecombrang has been used as medicines for cough, wound, eye problems, fever, low breast milk production, odor, and hair thinning. In addition, kecombrang has also been used as a food ingredient in ubi tumbuk, ikan arsik, sambal kincung, getah tasak telu, cipera, terong dotak, gat-gat, and gulen manuk. With this research, it is suggested that agroforestry systems be developed to improve economic benefits for the local people of Kabanjahe.
Adolescents’ Contraceptive Use with School‐Discordant Partners: Exploring Individual‐ and Relationship‐Level Characteristics
Authors: Strully Kate , Kennedy David
Published: August 2019

CONTEXT

Heterosexual adolescents are less likely to use contraceptives when their partners are of different backgrounds or social circles. It is unclear why risky behaviors are more common within these relationships, and characteristics associated with school‐discordant partners—that is, partners who do not attend the adolescent's school—are particularly understudied.

METHODS

Characteristics of romantic relationships and contraceptive use were examined among 1,043 female and 961 male respondents in Waves 1 (1994–1995) and 2 (1996) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Generalized linear regression and structural equation models identified individual‐ and relationship‐level characteristics that were associated with school‐discordant relationships and contraceptive use.

RESULTS

For females, the likelihood of ever having used a condom with a partner was reduced when that partner had not attended her school at the start of the relationship (odds ratio, 0.5) or when he was two or more years older (0.6). Notably, however, having a school‐ or age‐discordant partner was not associated with ever having used hormonal or dual methods for females, or with any contraceptive measures for males. For females, lower emotional intimacy with school‐discordant partners was positively associated with ever having used condoms with such partners (1.2).

CONCLUSIONS

Characteristics of school‐discordant relationships are correlated with condom use in varying and sometimes countervailing ways. Future research examining the mechanisms linking school discordance to decreased condom use, particularly for females, would deepen understanding of the emotional and psychosocial processes involved in adolescents’ sexual and contraceptive behavior.
Ethiopian Categories, British Definitions: British Discovery of Ethiopian Identities from the Nineteenth Century to the First Decade of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Yates Brian J.
Published: August 2019

This essay examines correspondence in the British Foreign Office Archive to explore British views of Ethiopian identities during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The premise of the paper is that during this time, British officials used group identities to help determine which Ethiopian leaders might make the best allies in furtherance of British strategic and economic interests. In essence, the British correspondents created and continually redefined ethnic categories as a reflection of the provincial leaders’ willingness to serve British economic interests. In the mid nineteenth century, after freeing British subjects imprisoned by emperor Tewodros (ruled 1855–1868), British diplomats sought to identify another legitimate ruler of Ethiopia; in the process, they attributed characteristics to various Ethiopian groups which marked those groups as more or less “civilized.” By the late nineteenth century, this recasting of identities contributed to the racializing of Ethiopian territories. In defining and redefining the qualities of Ethiopian notables and groups according to their own economic, colonial or political needs, British sources created categories of actors which did not necessarily correspond to identities as understood and asserted by the populations of what would become the Ethiopian Empire.
Secondary hyperaldosteronism and medullary nephrocalcinosis caused by self-administered and uncontrolled laxative use in an adolescent patient
Authors: Sibileva Elena N. , Mironova Nadezhda Yu. , Korobitcina Galina V. , Koshlakova Olga T. , Ipatova Olga E.
Published: August 2019

Secondary hyperaldosteronism is respondent aldosterone secretion increase, occurring due to some diseases or drug use. It may be accompanied by normal arterial pressure with/without water retention or arterial hypertension without water retention. Secondary hyperaldosteronism without arterial hypertension and without water retention is usually caused by the use of laxative and diuretic drugs. This condition is characterized by the lack of salt wasting symptoms, presence of myalgia and muscle weakness resulting from hypokalemia, calcium oxalate crystalluria and sonographic signs of medullary nephrocalcinosis. Such characteristics of water-salt exchange and presence of nephrocalcinosis in combination with hypercalciuria are defined as Bartter-like syndrome. Peculiarity of the given clinical case is determined not by a diagnostic difficulty of secondary hyperaldosteronism but concealment of long term self-administered use of laxatives 2 years without medical indications in a female patient, resulting in medullary nephrocalcinosis. A well-informed patient may endanger medical practice, because it is impossible to foresee everything including the uncontrolled self-administered drug use leading to the undesirable consequences.
Best Practices for 3D Digital Recording and Global Sharing of Catacombs from Late Roman Sicily
Authors: Tanasi Davide , Gradante Ilenia , Hassam Stephan
Published: August 2019

During the most recent excavations at the Catacombs of St. Lucy at Siracusa, carried out between 2013 and 2015, an array of 3D technologies were employed to record excavation data and provide new interpretative models for the site. The research focused on some very problematic parts of the Region C of the complex. Thisarea most effectively documents the long life of the Christian hypogeum, which incorporated previous structures and artefacts related to the Greek and Early Roman Imperial periods and continued to beused until the Middle Ages. During the exploration 3D digital techniques were used for the daily recording of the archaeological units, but also to create high-resolution virtual replicas of certain districts of the catacombs. Furthermore, the same techniques were applied to support the study of certain classes of materials, such as frescoes and marble architectural elementsthat couldnot otherwise be studieddue to the dark environment of the catacombs. The virtual archaeology research undertaken at the Catacombs of St. Lucy represents the first systematic application of 3D digital technologies tothe study of such a specialarchaeological context in Sicily, culminating in a work-plan for digital global dissemination.
A Roadmap to Applied Digital Heritage
Authors: Harrison Laura K
Published: August 2019

The recent “digital turn” in archaeology has driven methodological advances and opened new research avenues, with wide ranging impacts at multiple scales. The proliferation of methods such as 3D imaging, remote sensing, laser scanning and photogrammetry has led to the datafication of archaeology [Caraher 2016: 467, Mayer-Schönberger et al. 2013: 73]. This process is most evident in research on digital surveying, data visualization, digital archiving, mapping, and image processing, which prioritize the creation and manipulation of large digital datasets. These research avenues often generate more intellectual traffic than “slow archaeology” routes [Caraher 2016], which adopt a reflexive approach to knowledge production, embrace the inherent complexity of digital datasets, emphasize craft modes of archaeological documentation [Perry 2015], and “highlight the value of small and properly contextualized data” [Kansa 2016: 466]. Confronting the growing tension between big data and slow archaeology will be an iterative process. It will evolve as researchers and other stakeholder groups assess the value of digital approaches to preserving, communicating, and interpreting the past as it relates to the present. This special issue of Studies in Digital Heritage is the outcome of a symposium at the 2018 Society for American Archaeology (SAA) conference in Washington, D.C., entitled “Digital Heritage Technologies, Applications, and Impacts.” The articles within contribute to this dialogue by critically assessing the challenges and successes of recent digital heritage projects in museums, teaching and fieldwork contexts.
IMPLEMENTATION OF LEGAL PROTECTION BY THE GOVERNMENT IN ORDER TO EMPOWERMENT OF MICRO SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISE TO REALIZE THE JUSTICE ECONOMY (Research Study: The Office of Cooperative and Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Province of Central Java)
Authors: Wahyuni Raden Ani Eko , Hartono Darminto
Published: August 2019

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises try to grow and develop their business in order to build a national economy based on equitable economic democracy. The position of MSMEs is very important in economic development It is very important to do protection. Protection of MSMEs is assistance and support made by the government towards MSMEs. Protection in legal action, assistance in the production process to marketing and support in terms of capital. There is a debate that is found is how to issue law by the government in empowering MSMEs to realize equitable economic prosperity.The research in this paper used a normative juridical research method. The approach used in this study is socio legal approach which the law is conceptualized as a set of regulation that is valid in the society and the validity will be affected by other factors.This study intends to measure the extent of the role of the government and what efforts are being made especially by regional governments, in this case the Central Java Provincial Office of Cooperatives and SMEs in implementing legal protection in empowering MSMEs to realize economic welfare.
Green Mussels (Perna viridis L.) Culture in Mangrove Area Potentially Impacted by Heavy Metal
Authors: Suyono Suyono , Shapawi Rossita , Narto Narto
Published: August 2019

The purposes of this study are to investigate the types of different collectors and their most effective height of installation in the green mussels cultivation (Perna viridis L.) impacted by heavy metal pollution in mangrove and non-mangrove waters;  and to determine the content of heavy metals, especially Pb, Cu, Cd, and Hg in green mussels cultivation. This research was conducted from April to September 2018 in the coastal area of Karangdempel, Losari Sub District, Brebes Regency. The method used in this research was experimental. The results showed that the growth of green mussels after 6 months period of maintenance reached 7-9 cm long, weighing 10-13 grams per head and yielded 23-30 heads per collector. The most effective mussel collector was net sacks installed at a height of 30 cm from the bottom of the water. The number of mussels per collector was more in mangrove location compared to those in the non-mangrove location, while their growth in length and weight were relatively the same. Heavy metal content in seawater and in the mussel meat are still within the permissible limits of the Indonesian National Standard, except for the Cu content in the mussel exceeding the allowable limit; but it was relatively still safe accoring to the Decree of the Director General of Drug Control and Food, Indonesian Ministry of Health, No. 03725/B/SK/1989. Pb content in sediments in both location of green mussels cultivation and the Cisanggarung River basin is still within the safe limits. The content of Cd, Cu, and Hg in sediments tends to be high. Heavy metal content both in mangrove and non-mangrove areas was not different as a result of mangrove reforestation dominated by seedlings and saplings with little influence on the quality of the water ecologically and economically.
PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN KEBUTUHAN LAHAN PERMUKIMAN DI KOTA BONTANG, KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Wahyudi Muji Esti , Munibah Khursatul , Widiatmaka Widiatmaka
Published: August 2019

Bontang is the youngest city in East Kalimantan which focused to industrial sector. As the industry city, Bontang has been growing rapidly especially for population and regional development. This study was aimed to (a) identified land use in Bontang at 2002, 2009 and 2016 (b) analyze land use change and land use prediction in 2023 (c) evaluate land suitability and availability for settlement and (d) to estimate the land required for settlement in Bontang. The research was conducted by overlay method, matching system based on minimum limiting factor and descriptive analysis. Results analysis showed that actual land use in Bontang (2016) was dominated by bush, forest, mangrove, settlement, industry and plantation area. Dominant land use change (2002-2016) in Bontang was forest to bush. The area of settlement in 2016 was about 1.770 ha and predicted to be the highest increased compared to other land use in 2023. Land suitability analysis showed that 4.864 ha or 30,71% of this region was in suitable class fo settlement. The availability of suitable land settlement exclude the existing was about 941,5 ha, which could meet the needs of settlement up to 2050.
PENGARUH KONDISI TATANAN FISIK TERHADAP KENYAMANAN PENGUNJUNG PADA TAMAN VATULEMO DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Bandaso Afniyanti , Widjajanti Retno
Published: August 2019

The basic understanding in creating public space is trying to always meet the needs of its users. The importance of the city park as a public space, the Palu City Government is renovating Vatulemo Park as a public space with the provision of facilities and infrastructure. The trend of developing Vatulemo Park has resulted in changes in space use. Various activities that can be accommodated in Vatulemo Park on the one hand show the development of Vatulemo Park as a public space, on the other hand it is feared that it can cause conflict between activities and reduce the quality of comfort for visitors to Vatulemo Park. This study aims to determine the effect of physical order conditions on comfort at Vatulemo Park in Palu City. The method of analysis is done by quantitative descriptive. Data is obtained by conducting surveys and questionnaires. From the results of the analysis of the influence of physical order conditions on the convenience of visitors, it was found that the influence of physical conditions was the most significant, namely the physical order of the pedestrian path with a significant value of 0.625. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the condition of the physical order of visitors' comfort is influenced by the arrangement of parks that can support visitor activities in Vatulemo Park, such as the physical order of the pedestrian route, the physical parking structure, the physical order of signification elements, the physical order of supporting activities and the physical order of the circulation path.
CONFORMITY BEHIND THE SOCIAL AND SPATIAL SEGREGATION IN SUB-URBAN AREA A CASE AT GADING SERPONG NEW TOWN, TANGERANG
Authors: Ischak Mohammad , Setioko Bambang , Nurgandarum Dedes
Published: August 2019

The phenomenon of urban growth in rural areas created sub-urban areas like Tangerang region. Occupancy of space created by planned settlement against unplanned settlement raises spatial and social segregation. Previous studies have shown more on the negative side of the collision phenomenon with the point of view of the occurrence of physical and social unconformity between the newcomers as residents of planned settlements with the natives. On the other hand, it turns out that unplanned settlements still exist, thus raising the question of research is there conformity in the point of view of unplanned settlement settlers? To get an answer to the question, this research used analytical descriptive method, where data obtained directly from the field through observation and in-depth interviews with unplanned settlement settlers. The result of the analysis showed that although the spatial and social segregation is apparent, the community of unplanned settlers does not feel disturbed and the daily social economic activity of the community keeps going well, even the quality of life improves in some points. Such conditions create a form of internal conformity with parameters formulated by the community, including access to and from unplanned settlements, integrated infrastructures, open access to economic activities, and still guaranteed socio-cultural activities.
SOUNDCSAPE AND THE UNDERSTANDING OF HISTORIC DISTRICTS IN BANDUNG
Authors: Martokusumo Widjaja , Poerbo Heru W , Sarwono Joko , Sudarsono Anugrah S. , Nitidara Ni Putu Amanda , Djimantoro Michael Isnaeni , Arifiana Amanda , Poetry Feysa A.
Published: August 2019

According to UNESCO Convention 1972, cultural heritage consists of tangible and intangible heritage. Soundscape has been considered as a part of the intangible heritage, and it refers to the perceptual quality. In the realm of built environment, perceptual qualities become important concerns, since cultural heritage cannot be described and appreciated using mono-sensorial analysis fundamentally based on vision. As perceptual construct, soundscape has been considered as a new approach in understanding the formation and design of sensitive urban environment. It is argued that perceptual quality, besides visual aesthetics, geographic, psychological and socio-cultural aspects, must be part of the considerations in architecture and urban design. Bandung is well-known for its urban heritage, and as former well-designed colonial town, the historic buildings and areas have morphologically constituted the structure of the inner city. However, the modernization and globalization have led to inevitable transformations, including the destruction of historic places and fabric/district of cultural significance. With the latest urban dynamics, urban environment has also experienced an inescapable process of “sound globalization”, which led to the losing of specific sound-marks in the respective area. This paper is based upon an ongoing research project on strategy for conservation of historic urban areas using soundscape approach. Methodologically, through sound walks, surveys and interviews, several notions relating to urban spatial and formal quality have been collected, assessed and interpreted. The result stands for the understanding of perceptual aspects and quality of urban space in historic urban areas that may contribute to the heritage conservation strategy.
Content Tuning in the Medial Temporal Lobe Cortex: Voxels that Perceive, Retrieve
Authors: Schultz Heidrun , Tibon Roni , LaRocque Karen F. , Gagnon Stephanie A. , Wagner Anthony D. , Staresina Bernhard P.
Published: August 2019

How do we recall vivid details from our past based only on sparse cues? Research suggests that the phenomenological reinstatement of past experiences is accompanied by neural reinstatement of the original percept. This process critically depends on the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Within the MTL, perirhinal cortex (PRC) and parahippocampal cortex (PHC) are thought to support encoding and recall of objects and scenes, respectively, with the hippocampus (HC) serving as a content-independent hub. If the fidelity of recall indeed arises from neural reinstatement of perceptual activity, then successful recall should preferentially draw upon those neural populations within content-sensitive MTL cortex that are tuned to the same content during perception. We tested this hypothesis by having eighteen human participants undergo functional MRI (fMRI) while they encoded and recalled objects and scenes paired with words. Critically, recall was cued with the words only. While HC distinguished successful from unsuccessful recall of both objects and scenes, PRC and PHC were preferentially engaged during successful versus unsuccessful object and scene recall, respectively. Importantly, within PRC and PHC, this content-sensitive recall was predicted by content tuning during perception: Across PRC voxels, we observed a positive relationship between object tuning during perception and successful object recall, while across PHC voxels, we observed a positive relationship between scene tuning during perception and successful scene recall. Our results thus highlight content-based roles of MTL cortical regions for episodic memory and reveal a direct mapping between content-specific tuning during perception and successful recall.
Apparent Genetic Rescue of AdultShank3Exon 21 Insertion Mutation Mice Tempered by Appropriate Control Experiments
Authors: Speed Haley E. , Kouser Mehreen , Xuan Zhong , Liu Shunan , Duong Anne , Powell Craig M.
Published: August 2019

SHANK3(ProSAP2) is among the most common genes mutated in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and is the causative gene in Phelan–McDermid syndrome (PMS). We performed genetic rescue ofShank3mutant phenotypes in adult mice expressing aShank3exon 21 insertion mutation (Shank3G). We used a tamoxifen-inducible Cre/loxP system (CreTam) to revertShank3Gto wild-type (WT)Shank3+/+. We found that tamoxifen treatment in adultShank3GCreTam+mice resulted in complete rescue of SHANK3 protein expression in the brain and appeared to rescue synaptic transmission and some behavioral differences compared toShank3+/+CreTam+controls. However, follow-up comparisons between vehicle-treated, WT Cre-negative mice (Shank3+/+CreTam−andShank3+/+CreTam+) demonstrated clear effects ofCreTamon baseline synaptic transmission and some behaviors, making apparently positive genetic reversal effects difficult to interpret. Thus, while theCreTamtamoxifen-inducible system is a powerful tool that successfully rescuesShank3expression in ourShank3G/Greversible mutants, one must exercise caution and use appropriate control comparisons to ensure sound interpretation.
Tonic Suppression of the Mesolimbic Dopaminergic System by Enhanced Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Signaling Within the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis in Chronic Pain Model Rats
Authors: Takahashi Daiki , Asaoka Yuta , Kimura Keisuke , Hara Ryuto , Arakaki Saya , Sakasai Keisuke , Suzuki Hiroe , Yamauchi Naoki , Nomura Hiroshi , Amano Taiju , Minami Masabumi
Published: August 2019

Although dysfunction of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system has been implicated in chronic pain, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We hypothesized that increased inhibitory inputs to the neuronal pathway from the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dlBNST) to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) during chronic pain may induce tonic suppression of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. To test this hypothesis, male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to spinal nerve ligation to induce neuropathic pain and then spontaneous IPSCs (sIPSCs) were measured in this neuronal pathway. Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology of brain slices containing the dlBNST revealed that the frequency of sIPSCs significantly increased in VTA-projecting dlBNST neurons 4 weeks after surgery. Next, the role of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling within the dlBNST in the increased sIPSCs was examined. CRF increased the frequency of sIPSCs in VTA-projecting dlBNST neurons in sham-operated controls, but not in chronic pain rats. By contrast, NBI27914, a CRF type 1 receptor antagonist, decreased the frequency of sIPSCs in VTA-projecting dlBNST neurons in the chronic pain rats, but not in the control animals. In addition, histological analyses revealed the increased expression of CRF mRNA in the dlBNST. Finally, bilateral injections of NBI27914 into the dlBNST of chronic pain rats activated mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons and induced conditioned place preference. Together, these results suggest that the mesolimbic dopaminergic system is tonically suppressed during chronic pain by enhanced CRF signaling within the dlBNST via increased inhibitory inputs to VTA-projecting dlBNST neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe comorbidity of chronic pain and depression has long been recognized. Although dysfunction of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system has been implicated in both chronic pain and depression, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that the inhibitory inputs to the neuronal pathway from the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dlBNST) to the ventral tegmental area increase during chronic pain. This neuroplastic change is mediated by enhanced corticotropin-releasing factor signaling within the dlBNST that leads to tonic suppression of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system, which may be involved in the depressive mood and anhedonia under the chronic pain condition.
UAE–UK Relations in the Context of Brexit
Authors: Sharfi Mohammed Hussein
Published: August 2019

The paper discusses the dynamics of current relations between the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the United Kingdom (UK) and prospects following Britain’s exit from the European Union (“Brexit”). It debates their bilateral relations and policy interests in these links. The article looks at the vital role their political, economic, and security interests play in their relationship. It poses the question of whether the form and shape of relations between both countries will remain critical post-Brexit and the reasons for pursuing this policy track. It provides an overview of investment links as the UK is considered one of the primary destinations for UAE foreign investments through its sovereign wealth funds or private investors. It also examines defense cooperation between the two countries with the UAE being an important customer for the UK’s defense industry. The paper provides an insight into the opportunities and challenges Brexit could create for the UAE and the UK in the fields of economics, security, and defense. It explores the role of the European Union in the bilateral relations post-Brexit. The article highlights the importance of both countries on the world stage in the context of the UK government’s strategy to prioritize its relations with the UAE and the Gulf region.