bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise dos usos finais de água em hospital público de Brasília, Brasil
Authors: Santana Livia , Sant’Ana Daniel
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Hospitais são grandes consumidores de água. A compreensão detalhada dos usos finais de água em edificações hospitalares abre o caminho para uma maior precisão na avaliação de diferentes estratégias de conservação de água, dimensionamento de sistemas prediais, previsão da demanda urbana de água e, consequentemente, na gestão da demanda de água e criação de políticas públicas voltadas à conservação de água em hospitais. Entretanto, observa-se uma carência de dados específicos sobre o uso de água em edificações hospitalares. Com o intuito de contribuir para o conhecimento, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os usos finais de água em um hospital público de Brasília/DF. Para tanto, foi delineado um método capaz de coletar informações de consumo, vazão, frequência e duração de uso da água por aparelho hidrossanitário, compreender os hábitos de uso de água e rotinas de manutenção predial, além de identificar vazamentos e ineficiência hidráulica em hospitais. O método demonstrou ser capaz de gerar indicadores de consumo predial diário (por pessoa, por área e por leito), de consumo setorizado e de usos finais de água, com base nas principais variáveis que afetam o consumo de água em hospitais. Em geral, o hospital apresentou indicadores de consumo predial equivalentes a 113,46 litros por pessoa por dia, 11,16 litros por área construída por dia e 854,81 litros por leito por dia. Resultados mostram que as bacias sanitárias apresentaram os maiores índices de consumo de água (23%), seguidas pelas pias de uso geral (18%), máquinas de lavar roupas (18%) e pias de cozinha (15%), em função de elevada frequência de uso diário e vazão dos equipamentos. Elevada vazão de aparelhos hidrossanitários e altos índices de vazamento (10%) estão associados a um sistema predial datado e desgastado, o que sugere a necessidade de investimentos públicos para uma readequação dos sistemas hidráulicos prediais a fim de promover economias e conservação da água.
Effectiveness of transdermal fluralaner in the treatment of Lynxacarus radovskyi (Acari: Listrophoridae) in naturally infested domestic cats
Authors: Guimarães Bárbara Monteiro Coimbra , Tortoriello Rafaella , Christ Luísa Xavier , Manier Camila Sampaio Martins Land , Campos Diefrey Ribeiro , Alonso Luciano da Silva , Fernandes Julio Israel
Published: November 2023

Abstract Mites of the species Lynxacarus radovskyi, which are commonly found on domestic cats in Brazil, can cause discomfort, itching, and alopecia. The development of new, safer and more effective treatments with a broad spectrum of activity, including the use of isoxazolines, is needed. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of transdermal fluralaner in domestic cats naturally infested with L. radovskyi. Twenty cats were evaluated by trichograms and divided into two groups of 10 animals. The control group was not treated, while the treated group was given a single topical dose of fluralaner, as per the manufacturer’s instructions. The cats were reassessed for the presence of L. radovskyi eggs and mites on days D+7, D+14, D+28, D+42, D+56, D+70, D+84, and D+98. As of D+42, all the animals (100%) tested negative for mites, and remained parasite-free until the end of the study, while the control group tested positive throughout the experiment. It can be concluded that a single dose of fluralaner applied topically was effective in treating cats naturally infested with L. radovskyi.
Seasonal precipitation and anthropogenic pressure affect the water quality of reservoirs in the highland humid forest enclaves
Authors: Barbosa Luciana Gomes , Carneiro Kalline de Almeida Alves , Moro Letícia , Santos João Paulo de Oliveira , Macedo Rodrigo Santana
Published: November 2023

Abstract Aim Humid forest enclaves are areas with privileged rainfall patterns compared to the surrounding regions, which favours their use for human settlement and agricultural activities, actions that promote severe transformations of the landscape and can contribute to the degradation of local water resources. From this perspective, given the great importance of water reservoirs for this region and the high demand for water, this study aimed to analyse the conservation status of water quality in reservoirs subjected to different anthropic disturbance in a humid forest enclave in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. Methods Sampling campaigns were carried out for one year in six reservoirs: Mazagão I, Mazagão II, Vaca Brava, Saulo Maia, Rio do Canto and Lagoa do Paó, to measure the physic-chemical variables of the water. Results The influence of annual rainfall patterns on the capacity of these ecosystems to respond to anthropic pressures, indicating the effects of seasonality in the Lagoa do Paó reservoir. For the Vaca Brava, the low accumulated water volumes turned out to be more critical for changes in water quality than the use and occupation of the margins of this reservoir. Furthermore, the Mazagão I and II reservoirs showed low electrical conductivity. The Saulo Maia reservoir exhibit clear waters with low phosphorus content and can be used as a reference for a preserved environment for a highland humid forest enclave. Conclusions The conservation of the reservoir environment in the highland humid forest enclave is not sufficient to guarantee the water quality, as it is concentrated an affected at a certain time of the year. These aquatic ecosystems are under great pressure and the lack of decisions based on technical criteria makes them vulnerable to eutrophication.
Rhizoma Dioscoreae Nipponicae Relieves Asthma by Inducing the Ferroptosis of Eosinophils and Inhibiting the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Jiang Libin , Xu Liying , Liu Huazuo , Chen Hanwen , Wang Weiyi
Published: November 2023

Rhizoma Dioscoreae Nipponicae (RDN) is a traditional Chinese medicine that widely applied in the treatment of human diseases. This study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of RDN in asthma and the underlying mechanisms. A mouse model of asthma was established by the stimulation of ovalbumin (OVA). HE staining was performed to detect the pathological injuries of tracheal tissues. The protein expression of collagen I, FN1, α-SMA (airway remodeling markers), and p-p38 (a marker of the p38 MAPK pathway) were detected by Western blot. Eosinophils were then isolated from the model mice. Cell viability and ROS level were measured by CCK-8 and Flow cytometry, respectively. The mRNA expression of GPX4 and ACSL4 (ferroptosis markers) in eosinophils were measured by qRT-PCR. RDN significantly reduced the numbers of total cells and eosnophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, and down-regulated remodeling markers (Collagen I, FN1, and α-SMA) in OVA-induced mice. The p38 MAPK pathway was blocked by the intervention of RDN in the model mice, and its blocking weakens the poor manifestations of OVA-induced asthma. In addition, RDN induced the ferroptosis of eosnophils both in vitro and in vivo. Blocking of the p38 MAPK pathway also enhanced the ferroptosis of eosnophils in vitro, evidenced by the decreased cell viability and GPX4 expression, and increased ROS level and ACSL4 expression. RDN induced the ferroptosis of eosinophils through inhibiting the p38 MAPK pathway, contributing to the remission of asthma.
Effect of expansive agent on the mechanical properties of carbon-fibre-reinforced cement-based composites
Authors: Dai Jinghui , Wang Jun , Xiao Huigang
Published: November 2023

Improving the flexural strength of a cement-based composite (CBC) reinforced with chopped carbon fibre (CF) while maintaining good workability is highly attractive for building high-rise large-span structures. A sulfoaluminate-based expansive agent (EA) was used to optimise the mechanical properties of CBCs reinforced with chopped CF by improving the fibre–matrix interfacial properties. The results of single-fibre pull-out tests showed that the interfacial frictional bond strength was improved by up to 51% owing to the addition of the EA, whereas the chemical debonding energy remained nearly unchanged. The effects of various concentrations of EA on the strength of cement pastes containing various lengths and volume fractions of CF were then investigated. The results indicated that, benefitting from the EA-induced high interfacial bond strength, the flexural strength and fluidity of the CF-reinforced cement paste could be further optimised. For example, utilising the EA, the flexural strength could be improved by 28% for a cement paste containing 0.5% CF of length 15 mm.
A mesocosm study on the use of clay minerals to improve heavy metal phytoremediation capacity of vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty)
Authors: Otunola Beatrice , Aghoghovwia Makhosazana P. , Thwala Melusi , Ololade Olusola O.
Published: November 2023

Fast-paced global industrialisation due to population growth poses negative environmental implications, such as pollution by heavy metals. We assessed the application of vetiver grass assisted by clay minerals for the remediation of soil and water contaminated by multiple metals in a mesocosm study. The technique was tested previously in a greenhouse study that confirmed the effectiveness of 2.5% (w/w) attapulgite and 2.5% (w/v) bentonite to improve vetiver grass remediation of soil and water contaminated by multiple metals. At the end of the experiment, the total accumulation of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn by vetiver grass from the soil was 1.8, 38.1, 19.0, 7.2 and 55.4 mg/kg, respectively, while in water, the total metal accumulation of Al and Mn by vetiver grass was 4534.5 and 104.5 mg/kg, respectively. The results confirm the effectiveness of attapulgite and bentonite as amendments to improve the remediation potential of vetiver in soil and water under natural conditions. Metal accumulation was generally higher in the roots than in shoots. We found the removal efficiency in the soil to be in the order Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Co and Al > Mn in water. Results also demonstrated that heavy metal accumulation was even better under natural conditions than in the greenhouse study. For example, Zn accumulation increased from 0.4 mg/kg in the greenhouse study to 55.4 mg/kg in the outdoor study. This study validates the application of bentonite and attapulgite-assisted phytoremediation for heavy metal contaminated soil and water.
Significance:

Heavy metal pollution of soil and water is very common in industrialised and mining areas.
It is important to find cost-effective, eco-friendly and easy-to-apply methods of removing these heavy metals from soil and water, so as to provide a clean and safe environment for living organisms.
Phytoremediation is the use of plants to remove pollutants from the environment and is a cost-effective, aesthetically pleasing and eco-friendly method.
Attapulgite and bentonite (clay minerals) are effective in improving the phytoremediation capacity of a phytoremediation plant known as vetiver grass.
Yüzey tümleşik dalga kılavuzu (YTD) filtre mimarisi incelemesi ve filtre tasarım teknolojileri
Authors: GÜVENLİ Kemal , YENİKAYA Sibel , SECMEN Mustafa
Published: November 2023

Bu derleme makale çalışmasında, literatürde yer alan Yüzey Tümleşik Dalga Kılavuzu (YTD) filtrenin mimarisi, filtre tasarım kuralları ve YTD filtre üretim teknolojileri incelenmiştir. İncelenen filtre tasarım çalışmalarının kalite faktörü ve boyut değerine göre bu üretim teknolojileri karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca literatürdeki YTD filtre çalışmalarında, YTD filtrenin harmonik sorunlara çözüm üreten teknikler incelenmiştir.
RÜZGAR TÜRBİNLERİNDE MEKANİK DENGESİZLİK ARIZALARININ ELEKTRİKSEL ÖLÇÜMLERDEN TESPİT EDİLMESİ
Authors: Bayrak Mehmet , Eric Nduwayezu , Küçüker Ahmet
Published: November 2023

Hava kirliliğine olan etkisinin yok denecek kadar az olması nedeniyle dünyada yeni elektrik enerjisi üretimi kaynaklarından rüzgar enerjisi en hızlı gelişen kaynak çeşidi olmuştur. Rüzgar türbinlerinin kapasitelerinin artması sonucunda işletme sırasında ortaya çıkan arızalardaki bakım maliyetlerini ve durma zamanlarını azaltmak, türbinlerin güvenilirliği ile performansını artırmak amacıyla bir izleme sisteminin kullanılması zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Arızanın giderilmesi ve ulaşım zorluğundan dolayı kıyıdan uzak türbinlerde bakım masrafları ile durma zamanları daha yüksek olmaktadır. Rüzgar türbinlerinin durum izleme sistemlerinde titreşim verileri ile yağ analizi verileri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu sistemlerin kuruluş maliyetlerinin yüksek olmasının yanında, durum izleme sistemlerinde oluşan sorunlara bu yöntemler tam olarak çözüm sunamamaktadır. Ayrıca, geliştirilen bu arıza tespit sistemleri türbine bağlı generatörler ile şebekede oluşabilecek anormal çalışma durumları ve arızaları algılayamamaktadır. Rüzgar türbini izleme sistemlerindeki bu tür sorunları azaltmak için bu çalışmada elektriksel ölçümlere dayanan ve mekanik dengesizlik durumlarını algılayan yeni bir algoritma geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen durum izleme sistemi üç fazlı akım ve gerilim verilerini kullanarak generatör çıkış ani gücünü hesaplamaktadır. Mekanik dengesizlik durumunda generatörün kutup sayısına bağlı olarak çıkış ani gücünde ilave frekans bileşenleri ortaya çıkmakta olup, bu da geliştirilen algoritmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır.
Tissue Sectioning Guidelines (Fresh Frozen)- CODEX/Phenocycler-Fusion v1
Authors: Sivajothi Santhosh , Soja Emily , Courtois Elise
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this SOP is to outline the techniques for sectioning and storage of fresh-frozen tissue samples for PhenoCycler-Fusion experiments
Assembly and sterilization of EcoFAB 2.0 for plant growth experiments v1
Authors: Andeer Peter , Novak Vlastimil
Published: November 2023

The following instructions are for the sterilization, and assembly of EcoFAB 2.0 for studying small plants and their microbiomes during growth.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) as Agents for Balancing Industry Needs and Biodiversity Conservation in Manufacturing
Authors: Behra Rajesh , Suresh Deshmukh
Published: November 2023

The manufacturing industry has a significant negative impact on animals and their habitats. This paper explores the potential of sustainable manufacturing practices to mitigate these impacts. We conducted a comprehensive study of key performance indicators (KPIs) and their influencing factors for sustainability in manufacturing for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in India. Our findings suggest that KPIs such as social innovation, health and safety, green innovation, waste management, energy conservation, customer lifetime values, and net profit margin are all important factors in sustainability. We also found that these KPIs have high reliability, with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.8 and McDonald’s index of 0.75. Our research provides a framework for assessing sustainability in manufacturing and identifies opportunities for SMEs to reduce their negative impact on animals and their habitats
Fecundity of The Pine Processionary, Thaumetopoea Pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) In The Case Of Reforestation In Moudjbara (Djelfa - Algeria)
Authors: Zaid Bouchou Lynda  , Gachi Mustapha  , Chakali Gahdab
Published: November 2023

A study of the fecundity of female populations of the pine processionary in the Moudjbara reforestation indicates that there are cyclical variations in the reproduction of this species. Descriptive analysis of pine processionary oviposition lengths showed greater significance for oviposition deposited on needles than for oviposition deposited on twigs. A very highly significant difference was noted between the lengths of the egg-laying supports from the Moudjbara reforestation (p=0.0001). The 195 pine processionary oviposition sites revealed a total of 37,272 eggs, with an average of 191 eggs per oviposition site. Analysis of the variance between the various categories of eggs showed a highly significant probability (p=0.0001). Three parasitoids were identified that emerged from oviposits collected at the Moudjbara reforestation site, with rates varying from year to year. T. embryophagum was encountered only sporadically in 2018, 2019 and 2021, with respective percentages not exceeding 2%. For the four pine processionary caterpillar populations studied, B. servadeii appeared to be more abundant than O. pityocampae. The number of B. servadeii adults observed reached 83.91% in 2020. Parasitoid activity was greater on eggs located at the ends of the clutch. It also appears that O. pityocampae mainly parasitizes the upper part of the egg, whereas B. servadeii shows a preference for the lower part.
Entrepreneurship’s Impact on Personal Development and Self-Efficacy
Authors: S. Sowjanya  , Nandyal
Published: November 2023

Leadership is interpersonal influence exercised in a situation and directed through communication process towards the attainment of a specified goal or goals. It is the process of influencing and supporting others to work enthusiastically towards achieving objectives. By exercising his leadership, the leader tries to influence the behavior of individuals or group of individuals around him to achieve common goals. Leadership emphasis on transformation and therefore, transformational leadership emerges. Leadership is an important factor for making any type of organizations successful. Good leadership is essential in all aspects of managerial function whether it to be motivation, communication or direction. Good leadership ensures success in the organization and dissatisfactory human performance in any organization can be primarily attributed to perform leadership. In recent management practices a recent emphasis has been put on leadership development through training and development and by providing conducive work environment. Leadership development involves developing the qualities and attitudes in managers which help them to look into the future and being necessary change on proactive basis rather than or reactive basis. Entrepreneurial activities are associated with various uncertainties, complexities, and challenges. Higher education is need for the building of competencies of the Entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and abilities. Additionally, for successfully deals with the challenge, the student’s engagement is essential to create interpersonal relationship, teamwork, enabling task delegation, and building confidence among the group members. Actually, the entrepreneurial leader takes responsibility for their actions and those actions must be more proactive than reactive.
Methods for Forecasting Costs for Technical Impacts of Vehicles and Determining Cost Rate
Authors: Kayumov Bakhrom Abdullajonovich  , Ortikov Sarvar Sattaralievich
Published: November 2023

The article defines the basic norms of car maintenance, the frequency of maintenance, the life of the product before repair, the step of grouping maintenance operations and the current labor costs for maintenance. Information is given about the grouping of TSK by main operations.
The Role of the Judiciary in Ensuring Integrity and Strengthening of the Financial System of the Russian Federation
Authors: Gritsenko V. V.
Published: November 2023

In the circumstances of the global financial and economic crisis, instability of the international financial system, imposition of economic and financial sanctions on the Russian Federation by Western countries the purpose of which is to destabilize the Russian financial system, lack of clear and consistent domestic financial legislation, it seems necessary to adapt the financial system of the Russian Federation to new realities in order to exclude a negative impact on its development. One of the priorities of government is the formation of effective means and methods of protecting the financial system of the Russian Federation from external actions and from potential internal contradictions. In the conditions of a legal vacuum, the importance of the activities of law enforcement entities in ensuring integrity and strengthening of the financial system increases. Law enforcement entities include courts, the hierarchy of which is headed by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. Eliminating of the lacunarity of law has a multidimensional character, since it consists in eliminating the legal errors of the courts of the lower level of the judicial system of the Russian Federation, as well as in identifying problems in the application of contradictory financial, administrative, civil, anti-corruption legislation. In turn, such definitions as «finance» and «financial system» require generalization and formation of uniform judicial legal positions in the relations under consideration and, as a consequence, their formulation in regulatory legal acts. Based on the analysis of judicial practice, taking into account the importance of the mechanism of judicial protection of the rights of participants of financial relations and using the experience of foreign countries in the creation and functioning of financial courts, the author substantiates the promising nature of borrowing positive foreign experience and the need to form a system of financial courts in the Russian Federation
A High-Resolution Site Amplification Map for Wellington, New Zealand
Authors: Manea Elena F. , Kaiser Anna , Hill Matt , Wotherspoon Liam , Bourguignon Sandra , Bora Sanjay , Stolte Andrew
Published: November 2023

Although earthquake site effects play a crucial role in the evaluation of local seismic hazard and associated risk, their quantification over the frequency range of interest for engineering applications still remains challenging. Mapping the local amplification at high resolution is difficult even in seismically active cities such as Wellington, New Zealand. Employing traditional methods to map amplification, such as the standard spectral ratio (SSR), is realistic only with sufficient density of strong-motion stations (SMS) across the city and the presence of a suitable rock reference station. Recently, hybrid standard spectral ratio methodologies (SSRh) have been proposed to fill in the gaps and provide estimates at much finer spatial resolution. SSRh combines traditional SSR, calculated on earthquake data between a soil reference and a rock station, with SSR computed from simultaneous ambient vibration recordings (SSRn) at a temporary location and the soil reference site within the sedimentary basin. In the last decade, over 450 single-station ambient noise measurements were undertaken across Wellington, and no collocated soil reference station is available, making the SSRh method as it stands impossible to apply. To overcome this limitation, we propose an adaptation of SSRh to capture the same basin response between a soil site and soil reference station as in the case of the synchronous ambient vibration data. We employ an additional interim step that uses the traditional SSRn between each of the soil sites and a rock reference broadband station recording synchronous long-term ambient vibration. The resulting empirical amplification model using the SSRh adaptation is in good agreement with the available SSR at SMS. Amplification factors up to 10 are present along the Centreport area, where significant damage was observed during the Mw 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake. By employing the adjusted SSRh methodology, we were able to develop a first-level high-resolution empirical site amplification model for Wellington. The approach provides an attractive solution for the evaluation of site effects across regions where a significant number of unsynchronized ambient vibration measurements are available.
Online Distance Learning
Authors:   , Pierce Tuttle Kyndell , Kozak Michael G
Published: November 2023

In an age of 21st century learning it is not uncommon to infuse virtual learning into a classroom setting, but what happens when you are asking for students of all socioeconomic backgrounds to provide that environment for themselves through online distance learning? What happens when educators are forced into teaching in an online distance learning environment without professional development when using virtual digital platforms? Is equity being applied to the online distance learning environment? Educators today, due to Covid-19, a disease caused by Sars-CoV-2, a virus that caused a worldwide pandemic through the transmission of airborne particles, are required to provide online distance learning to all students without consideration for students' access to online materials. This ethnographic study examined the perceptions educators had about the equitable value of online distance learning through a social justice lens and through their "lived experiences" in allowing educators to be better equipped with the tools needed to implement virtual instruction for all students. COVID-19 induced social distancing and school closure measures which then caused the need for learning to continue in a virtual environment. This study provided an explanation through educators' perceptions and through their experiences with different virtual platforms they were using in order to continue instruction with their students. The change in pedagogy that left professional development and equity as an afterthought is pointed out in this study. In my experience, when we transitioned from in-person instruction to online distance learning, colleagues expressed they were ill prepared for the online distance learning environment of instruction and there was extreme concern for students that did not have access because of their socio-economic background. The ethnographic study examined the perceptions of educators from different environments and diverse socioeconomic backgrounds that are connected through a non-profit organization that focuses on social justice and equity. The educators involved with this non-profit organization represented student communities of mixed demographics. The mixed demographics lent itself to the digital divide within different socio-economic backgrounds students have and the professional development that educators were given in preparation for the online distance learning environment and the virtual platforms that were expected to be implemented. Keywords: professional development, social justice, equity, socioeconomic background, instructional technology, ethnography, educators, equity, perceptions, online distance learning, remote learning, Covid-19, Coronavirus, pedagogy, blended learning
Молекулярная классификация рака эндометрия
Authors: Раскин Г. А. , Каурцева А. С. , Мухина М. С.
Published: November 2023

Данный обзор литературы ставит перед собой целью повысить осведомленность специалистов по обсуждаемой проблеме, а также помочь применять современную молекулярную классификацию рака эндометрия в клинической практике. В нем отражены современные рекомендации, клинические исследования и собственные данные.
Влияние микробиоты кожи на дерматологические реакции при проведении химиотерапии
Authors: Кретова К. А. , Маркина В. А. , Новиков С. С. , Сергеева И. Г. , Филипенко М. Л. , Сидоров С. В.
Published: November 2023

В настоящее время микробиому уделяется все больше внимания. Проводилось и проводится до сих пор множество исследований по влиянию микробиома человека на возникновение, течение различных заболеваний. В настоящее время существует теория о влиянии микробиоты кожи на возникновение кожной токсичности у онкологических больных. При проведении лекарственной терапии онкологических больных существуют различные нежелательные реакции,которые могут влиять на частоту и длительность проведения лечения. К наименее изученным можно отнести дерматологические реакции. Индуцированной химиотерапией повреждение клеток изменяет микробную среду. Но до сих пор в этой области существует пробел в знаниях о механизме дисбиоза микробиоты кожи, приводящей к кожной токсичности. Понимание микробиоты кожи и его связи с кожной токсичностью, связанной с химиотерапией, может помочь в развитии стратегического планирования и терапевтического вмешательства, повышающих качество жизни пациентов.
Применение панелей комплексного молекулярного профилирования при опухолях желудочно-кишечного тракта. Обзор литературы и собственные результаты
Authors: Кузнецова О. А. , Федянин М. Ю. , Иванов М. В. , Трякин А. А. , Борщев Г. Г. , Лебедева А. А. , Веселовский Е. М. , Ледин Е. В. , Шамрикова В. А. , Степанова М. Л. , Шило П. С. , Чепорова М. С.
Published: November 2023

Введение: Появление в клинической практике возможности комплексного молекулярного профилирование (КМП) и регистрация новых таргетных препаратов привело к развитию прецизионного подхода в онкологии.

   Задачей работы являлась оценка опыта применения КМП у пациентов с распространенными опухолями желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ) в Российской Федерации.

   Материалы и методы: Проведен ретроспективный анализ клинических данных и отчетов КМП пациентов с опухолями ЖКТ.

   Цель исследования — оценка доли пациентов, которые получают молекулярно-направленную терапию (МНТ) после КМП, а также определение клинической пользы, которая оценивалась как длительность ответа на МНТ ≥ 6 месяцев. Также проведена оценка распределения альтераций по шкале ESCAT в зависимости от нозологии, частота объективных ответов и ОВ при назначении МНТ или стандарта терапии.

   Результаты: С марта 2018 по июнь 2023 гг. КМП было проведено 147 пациентам с опухолями ЖКТ (КРР — 64 %, РПЖ — 14,3 %, РЖ- 12,2 %, ХЦР — 9,5 %). Средний возраст составил 58 лет, лица мужского и женского пола были представлены в равной степени, среднее число линий до КМП — 2. МНТ проведена 19 (13 %) пациентам, клиническая польза зафиксирована у 6 больных (4 %). Одногодичная ОВ: 47,4 % против 29,5 % в группе МНТ и стандарта терапии (ОР = 2,147, 95 % ДИ 1,075–4,289, p = 0,020). КМП позволило выявить 12,1 % пациентов с максимальным уровнем ESCAT — I, 1,3 % — ESCAT II, 31,5 % — ESCAT III и 16,8 % — ESCAT IV. У 38,2 % пациентов обнаруженные при КМП альтерации не являлись предиктивными. За пределами ESCAT I, II клиническая польза была достигнута лишь у двух пациентов (1,3 %).

   Выводы: Несмотря на увеличение частоты объективных ответов и выявленные различия в ОВ, проведение доступных вариантов КМП приводит к смене тактики лечения у небольшой доли пациентов. Лишь 4 % пациентов в нашем исследовании получили клиническую пользу от МНТ, что соответствует данным литературы.
Инновационное образование будущих онкологов РФ
Authors: Киселева А. Э. , Анцупова М. А. , Фатьянова А. С. , Быков И. И. , Мошуров И. П. , Мануковская О. В. , Арджа А. Ю. , Судаков А. И. , Самодуров С. И. , Тараканова В. О. , Завгородняя М. В. , Оконешникова А. К. , Куликов Е. П. , Захаренко А. А. , Каганов О. И. , Хвостовой В. В. , Хасанов Р. Ш. , Кит О. И. , Важенин А. В. , Чойнзонов Е. Л. , Решетов И. В.
Published: November 2023

В данной статье рассматриваются инновационные методы обучения студентов и молодых онкологов, которые внедряются в ВУЗах РФ.

   Целью является обобщение текущих изменений в дидактике в России для использования инновационных методов обучения молодых врачей.

   В статье раскрыты актуальные проблемы внедрения, развития и использования в учебном процессе инновационных методов обучения.
Association of early life factors with metabolic syndrome in school going adolescents of an urban south Indian population: a case control study
Authors: Araballi Kiran , Ramanna Meenakshi B. , Bellad Roopa M.
Published: November 2023

Background: Multiple factors are attributed for the increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in adolescents. Association of early life factors like birth weight with adolescent MS is not clearly understood.  Objectives were to study the association of early life factors with adolescent MS between aged 10- 15 years of Belagavi city.
Methods: Study design: Case control Study. Study period: January 2018 to December 2018. Study population: Adolescents of age group, 10 to 15 years from the schools of Belagavi, 400 adolescents (186-cases and controls-214) were enrolled and who were having waist circumference ≥90th percentile for that age and gender were subjected to the laboratory investigations to diagnose MS. Data regarding early life factors like birth weight, gestational age and breast feeding was obtained by parental interview.
Results: Overall prevalence as per the international diabetes federation criteria was 11% and a significant difference in the prevalence between cases and controls (15.05% vs 7.48%) (p=0.0160) was observed. Positive association was observed between initiation, exclusivity, and total duration of breast feeding with MS (OD: 3.66, 2.01, 1), indicating no protection of these factors for development of MS. Birth weight had a positive association with MS (OD=7.26).
Conclusions: The study showed no protective association between the initiation, exclusivity and the total duration of breastfeeding with MS. However, lower middle SES, family history of hypertension (HTN), central obesity, high BMI, high TG, and low HDL were significantly associated with increased risk of MS.
Comparison of clinical presentation and outcome of neonatal SARS-COV2 during second wave from April-May 2021 and third wave from December 2021 to January 2022 in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Ghoshal Bhaswati , Andra Akhila
Published: November 2023

Background: SARS-COV-2 manifestations in neonates acquired in the later part of neonatal life, were compared over 2 peaks over April-May 2021 (2nd wave) and (December 2021 to January 2022) (3rd wave). Setting: Study was done in Calcutta National Medical College, a tertiary care center of eastern India.
Methods: Cross sectional study was done among the admitted neonatal cases in COVID designated NICU. Neonates acquired the COVID-19 infection after birth. All mothers were tested negative during delivery.
Results: 40 neonates were admitted in April-May 2021 in COVID designated NICU and 42 neonates were admitted in December to January 2022. 66.6% mothers were COVID-19 RTPCR positive in December-January 2022 cases than 49.3% mothers in April-May 2021. These mothers were tested as COVID-19 negative at the time of delivery. None of the mothers were vaccinated in 2021 cases. Only 13.3% mothers received two doses of COVID-19 vaccination in December-January 2022 cases. Initial complaints were lethargic, not arousable (22.7%) and poor respiratory effort (27.5%) in December-January 22 cases. Respiratory (rapid breathing 40%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhoea 25.3%) were more predominant in neonates who were admitted in April-May 2021 than neonates who presented on January 2022. Hospital stay was significantly less in neonates in December-January 2022 (p=0.005). Genome sequencing revealed Omicron BA-2 in January 2022.
Conclusions: Clinical presentations differ in neonates in April-May 2021 and December-January 2022 probably due to difference in the nature of the virus.
Regression equations for peak expiratory flow rate in children aged 5-10 years of Western Maharashtra, India: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Joshi Sonal S. , Retharekar Seemi A.
Published: November 2023

Background: Incidence of pulmonary diseases in urban children is on the rise. Peak expiratory flow rate, a component of pulmonary function tests, is a useful measure for initial pulmonary assessment. It is easily implementable on large population due to its simplicity. Studies presenting such data for Indian children are severely lacking, as PEFR is anthropometric, population and region specific. The present study aimed to establish an equation for predicting PEFR in urban children in Pune city in western Maharashtra, India.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was done in Pune, Maharashtra, India. Children from different schools were selected by cluster sampling. The number of participants screened was 2100 of which 1760 were selected. Best of three readings of PEFR was recorded for each child using an EU Scale Peak Flow meter (Breath-O meter, Cipla). Anthropometric data like height, weight, chest expansion, waist/hip ratio were measured and BMI was calculated along with PEFR of each child.
Results: Out of the 1760 children included in the study 933 (53%) were boys and 827 (47%) were girls. The stepwise regression analyses were carried out using age, height, weight and waist/hip ratio as predictor variables.
Conclusions: Final regression equation was derived using height. Approximately 80% of the data was used for prediction of regression equation and remaining 20% data was used as a control group to validate the derived equation. The regression equation formulated shall offer a predicted PEFR value as guideline for healthcare workers in Pune city, Maharashtra, India.
Application of array comparative genomic hybridization in clinical diagnostics of intellectual disability/developmental delay in children
Authors: Uppal Komal , Rana Lakshay , Polipalli Sunil Kumar , Kumar Somesh , Jindal Ankur , Kapoor Seema
Published: November 2023

Background: This study was designed to analyze and evaluate the potential pathogenic genomic imbalance in children with unexplained intellectual disability (ID) and/or developmental delay (DD) and its association with phenotypes, and to investigate the value of array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH).
Methods: A total of 72 Children with ID/DD were evaluated by array-CGH for detection of genomic copy number variations (CNVs).
Results: The results of the array-CGH revealed that 10(14%) of the 72 patients had pathogenic CNVs, in that six cases had pathogenic CNV in a single chromosome, 2 cases had multiple microdeletions and 2 cases had combined microdeletion and microduplication, 2 cases had pathogenic CNVs in chromosome 1p36 and Xq28 region. One case had variation of unknown significance in chromosome region 15q11.2. Large bands of copy neutral loss of heterozygosity were detected in 2 cases comprising more than 10% of genome.
Conclusions: Array-CGH being a high-throughput and rapid tool, allows for the etiological diagnosis in some of the children with unexplained ID/DD.
Dengue encephalitis as a sole presentation of dengue fever in a child, is it a separate clinical entity?
Authors: Lourembam Radhapyari , K. Rahees V. , C. Shyamsunder Singh
Published: November 2023

Dengue fever is one of the common viral infections in tropical areas, especially in India. Though classically non-neurotropic in nature, recent literature has documented dengue viral neurotropism, suggesting possible elements of direct encephalitis. However, limited reports are available in paediatric age groups. Here we report a case of dengue encephalitis in a 3-year 6 months-old male child from Imphal, Manipur, India who presented with a history of fever, altered sensorium, and seizures. The anti-dengue immunoglobulin M antibodies were positive in serum. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis with elevated proteins and normal glucose. Neuroimaging was unremarkable. We also ruled out other causes of encephalitis by appropriate investigations. Our case did not have the typical salient features of dengue fever and recovered fully with the supportive treatment on time. The case highlights that dengue encephalitis may present even in the absence of neuroimaging findings and classical clinical signs of dengue fever. Hence, dengue encephalitis should be suspected in a child with fever with altered sensorium and seizures, especially in areas where dengue fever is endemic.
Study of the empirical role of proton pump inhibitor therapy on laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Chhabra Nitin , Aggarwal Ankita , Bhagat Sanjeev , Goel Khushboo
Published: November 2023

Background: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a highly prevalent disease and commonly encountered in the otolaryngologist’s office. Study to evaluate the presentation of different signs and symptoms of LPR along with evaluating the role of empiric PPI (proton pump inhibitor) in the management of LPR by observing its effect on RFS and RSI.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 100 cases having different symptoms of LPR. Reflux symptom index (RSI) and Reflux finding score (RFS) were used to diagnose LPR. Patients were put on PPI (Pantoprazole 40 mg OD for 12 weeks) and followed up at 4,8 and 12 weeks and successive RSI and RFS scores were evaluated. The results were compiled and analyzed statistically.
Results: Among all symptoms, most common presenting symptom of LPR was foreign body/sensation of something sticking in throat (80%). Upon pharmacological therapy with PPIs (Pantoprazole), the mean RSI score changed from 22.94±5.83 to 11.19±2.97 at 12 weeks of PPI therapy. The mean RFS score changed from 12.93±3.55 to 6.86±2.86 at 12 weeks of PPI therapy. The change in the RFS and RSI score was highly significant (p=0.001).
Conclusions: LPR is a common condition presenting in ENT settings, the symptoms and signs of which may be complex. RFS and RSI score are valuable tools for diagnosing LPR. PPIs are proven to be effective therapy for LPR, more studies are encouraged to affirm the efficacy of PPIs over other management options.
Unusual neck masses encountered in remote areas of Sikkim
Authors: Kesari Santosh , Chakraborty Priyanko , Anand Aseem , Mukherjee Subhasish
Published: November 2023

Neck masses are one of the most common presentations in the ENT practice and they are a challenge in the diagnosis and management. The masses may be of congenital, inflammatory, or neoplastic origin. An accurate clinical assessment conducted while taking into account pertinent anatomical and developmental viewpoints, accompanied by well-planned investigative parameters, may aid in making an early diagnosis. Our is a series of three cases where in which we have described the finding of all the three cases in detail, first case is of 70 years female with right sided neck swelling which ultimately turned out to be right venous aneurysm. Second being a case of a young kid misdiagnosed as other infections and treated for long time, which ultimately responded with ATT. Lastly, a young kid presenting with multinodular goitre. We need to be ready for surprise and be ready to deal with unusual cases with different management options.
Severe esophageal candidiasis in a megaesophagus patient: a rare case
Authors: Solikin  , Darmawan Muhammad A. , Alamanda Monik , Surono Agus
Published: November 2023

Megaesophagus is a largely dilated esophagus, an uncommon condition that could be the end-stage of preceding esophageal achalasia. Chronic food stasis such as in achalasia and megaesophagus could cause fungi infection in the esophagus. This report aimed to raise awareness of these rare cases. A 68-year-old male with two decades of swallowing difficulty was referred to Sardjito Hospital. Computed tomography esophagography showed megaesophagus and bird beak sign suggesting achalasia. Both esophagoscopy and esophageal tissue biopsy showed consistent results of severe esophageal candidiasis (EC). The patient was also suspected to have a mass at the distal part of the esophagus and gastric cardia, which could also contribute to the esophageal obstruction. We consulted the gastroenterologist for gastrostomy feeding and exploration of the suspected tumor. EC is known mainly in patients with immunodeficiency, while food stasis is a lesser-known cause. End-stage achalasia not only could lead to megaesophagus, but chronic food stasis is the perfect environment for fungi growth. Other causes of food stasis such as distal esophageal and gastric cardia tumors could also be the predisposition of EC. We reported a rare case of a patient with EC as a complication of megaesophagus and esophageal achalasia.
Synchronous presentation of giant anterior neck lipoma and interarytenoid hamartoma
Authors: Ali Roshan , Sattien Arun Maran , Lucy Liano , Thingbaijam Sudhiranjan
Published: November 2023

Giant lipomas are benign soft tissue tumor found rarely in the neck and are still rarer in the anterior part of neck. Laryngeal hamartoma (LH) is a very rare lesions and the number of reported cases is limited. Herein, we report a case of 68 years old male with a history of painless, slow growing swelling on anterior neck for past 8 years and also complaints of dyspnoea and stridor for past 6 months. FNAC from anterior neck swelling was suggestive of lipoma. USG and CT findings were suggestive of soft tissue lesions. Indirect and flexible laryngoscopy shows a large pedunculated, globular mass in interarytenoid region. A complete surgical excision of the anterior neck mass and interarytenoid polyp was done. Diagnosis of lipoma and hamartoma was confirmed on histopathology. Patient was followed up for 2 years with no evidence of recurrence.
Contenido mineral de Cenchrus clandestinus (Hochst. ex Chiov.) Morrone, asociado a Alnus acuminata (Kunth), en trópico alto colombiano
Authors: Obando-Enriquez Bayron Giovanny , Bacca-Acosta Pedro Pablo , Portillo-Lopez Paola Andrea , Hernandez-Oviedo Filadelfo , Castro-Rincón Edwin
Published: November 2023

La ganadería lechera altoandina se caracteriza por un manejo intensivo e ineficiente de los recursos naturales. Su funcionamiento se basa en praderas de baja calidad nutricional que no cubren las necesidades esenciales de los animales para su desarrollo y producción. Una forma de mejorar su calidad es introducir especies forestales en arreglos silvopastoriles. En la zona fría colombiana un arreglo agroforestal tradicional es Alnus acuminata (Kunth) con la pastura Cenchrus clandestinus (Hochst. ex Chiov.) Morrone, herbácea que abarca el 80 % de la oferta forrajera regional. Para este estudio se planteó evaluar contenido mineral de C. clandestinus bajo incidencia de A acuminata; la investigación se llevó a cabo en las praderas de un arreglo silvopastoril y un monocultivo sin incidencia forestal, ubicadas en el Centro de Investigación Obonuco de Agrosavia. Se establecieron cuatro tratamientos y tres repeticiones, definidos por presencia o ausencia de árboles y tiempos de corte a los 35 y 45 días. Se empleó un diseño de bloques completos al azar, un análisis de varianza y prueba de Tukey para establecer diferencias significativas (p ≤ 0,05). los tratamientos en la pradera del SSP fueron superiores estadísticamente en comparación con los del monocultivo de pradera sin árboles, los minerales calcio, fósforo, magnesio, potasio, cobre, hierro y zinc presentaron contenidos más altos en las parcelas del arreglo, el tratamiento del sistema y cortes cada 35 días presentó los mejores resultados.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ В АНГЛОМОВНІЙ ЛІТЕРАТУРІ У СФЕРІ КІБЕРБЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: Fu Guoqiang , Криволап Євгеній
Published: November 2023

Метою статті є дослідження англомовних джерел, присвячених термінології у сфері кібербезпеки. Методи дослідження: документальний аналіз, узагальнення правової інформації, інформації із сфери кіберзахисту інформаційно-комунікаційних систем, а також практики кіберзахисту інформації від різноманітних кібератак. Результати: встановлено, що єдиного підходу до формулювання термінології у сфері кібербезпеки на даний момент не існує, однак при формулюванні поняття «кібербезпека», на відміну від прийнятого у п. 5 ст. 1 Закону України «Про основні засади забезпечення кібербезпеки України», де «кібербезпека» – це стан, в англомовних джерелах переважає розуміння, що «кібербезпека» – це дія. При цьому ця дія спрямовується не тільки на захист від кібератак, але й усунення їх наслідків. Серед англомовних авторів існує певна єдність з приводу класифікації типів кібербезпеки на п’ять основних типів: безпека критичної інфраструктури; безпека комп’ютерних програм; мережева безпека; хмарна безпека; безпека пристроїв системи Інтернет. Порівняно погляди англомовних авторів на визначення об’єктів критичної інфраструктури. В Законі України «Про основні засади забезпечення кібербезпеки України», а також у Стратегії кібербезпеки України від 14.05.2021 р. використовується поняття «вразливість» до кібератак, однак офіційного визначення цьому поняттю не надано. Пропонується відтворити в українському законодавстві відповідне визначення, наведене у міжнародному стандарті ISO 27005. Відтворені українською мовою конкретні рекомендації, які містяться в англомовній літературі, користувачам електронних мереж щодо запобігання кібератакам або зменшенню їх наслідків. Обговорення: результати дослідження дозволили запропонувати окремі удосконалення законодавства України з метою уніфікації із законодавством ЄС.