bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-epoch Modeling of TXS 0506+056 and Implications for Long-term High-energy Neutrino Emission
Authors: Petropoulou Maria , Murase Kohta , Santander Marcos , Buson Sara , Tohuvavohu Aaron , Kawamuro Taiki , Vasilopoulos Georgios , Negoro Hiroshi , Ueda Yoshihiro , Siegel Michael H. , Keivani Azadeh , Kawai Nobuyuki , Mastichiadis Apostolos , Dimitrakoudis Stavros
Published: March 2020

The IceCube report of a

excess of 13 ± 5 neutrino events in the direction of the blazar TXS 0506+056 in 2014–2015 and the 2017 detection of a high-energy neutrino event, IceCube-170922A, during a gamma-ray flare from the same blazar, have revived the interest in scenarios for neutrino production in blazars. We perform comprehensive analyses on the long-term electromagnetic emission of TXS 0506+056 using optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray data from the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image, and the Fermi Large Area Telescope. We also perform numerical modeling of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) in four epochs prior to 2017 with contemporaneous gamma-ray and lower-energy (optical and/or X-ray) data. We find that the multi-epoch SEDs are consistent with a hybrid leptonic scenario, where the gamma-rays are produced in the blazar zone via external inverse Compton scattering of accelerated electrons, and high-energy neutrinos are produced via the photomeson production process of co-accelerated protons. The multi-epoch SEDs can be satisfactorily explained with the same jet parameters and variable external photon density and electron luminosity. Using the maximal neutrino flux derived for each epoch, we put an upper limit of ∼0.4–2 on the muon neutrino number in 10 years of IceCube observations. Our results are consistent with the IceCube-170922A detection, which can be explained as an upper fluctuation from the average neutrino rate expected from the source, but in strong tension with the 2014–2015 neutrino flare.
Albert of Saxony’s Questions on Meteorology : Introduction, Study of the Manuscript Tradition and Edition of Book I-II. 2
Authors: Panzica Aurora
Published: March 2020

Cet article présente la première édition critique des Questions sur les Météorologiques d’Albert de Saxe. L’édition, qui couvre le premier et le début du deuxième livre des Questions , est précédée par une introduction historique et philologique. La première partie de cet article étudie les Questions d’Albert de Saxe dans leurs relations avec d’autres Questions sur les Météorologiques rédigées par des maîtres parisiens du xiv  e siècle. La deuxième partie contient les descriptions des manuscrits qui transmettent le texte d’Albert et étudie leurs rapports.
Differences in Stress and Challenge in Clinical Practice Among ADN and BSN Students in Varying Clinical Courses
Authors: Oermann Marilyn H , Standfest Karen M
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

There is limited research on student perceptions of their clinical experiences particularly in different clinical courses and settings. The purpose of this study was to examine the degree of stress, challenge, and threat associated with clinical practice experiences among ADN and BSN nursing students enrolled in various clinical courses and settings. The Pagana Clinical Stress Questionnaire was used to assess the clinical experiences of 416 undergraduate nursing students from 10 randomly selected associate degree (ADN) and baccalaureate (BSN) programs in the midwest. Significant differences were found across clinical courses (F[5,3991=9.58, p<.0001) and settings (F[2,386]=4.63,p=.01) in terms of students' stress. Stress was highest for students enrolled in pediatric nursing courses. ANOVA indicated significant differences across clinical courses in the degree of challenge and threat experienced by students. There were no differences in any of the variables studied when students had faculty from the nursing program or preceptors from the clinical setting as their teachers.
Insight into the Flow Within the Well Dock of a Mothership During Feeder Vessel Docking Manoeuvres
Authors: Johnson N T M , Macfarlane G J , Duffy J T , Penesis I , Ballantyne R J
Published: March 2020

An experimental campaign has been undertaken to explore the flow around a feeder vessel as it manoeuvres in and out of the well dock of a mothership. The parent hulls for this study are drawn from the floating harbour transhipper concept created by Sea Transport Corporation. Laser measurement techniques have been employed to analyse the flow field within the well dock while the feeder vessel both enters and departs. For the Master of the feeder vessel to safely perform these manoeuvres, the complex flows resulting from the highly confined nature of the well dock concept need to be understood and potentially mitigated. It is shown that the inclusion of vents in the well dock can significantly influence the flow and that their effectiveness is determined by the size of the vents. This study further progresses the authors’ recent work on the same novel concept where the confined water effect of the well dock and inclusion of vents is quantified for both the seakeeping behaviour and the docking/departure performance. It is concluded that the use of vents is very beneficial when a feeder vessel docks or departs the well dock, however a compromise on the vent size must be reached in order to reduce adverse effects on feeder vessel motions when docked and exposed to a seaway. It is likely that the optimum solution, that covers all operational parameters, only requires the inclusion of relatively small vents.
Diversity and Conflict
Authors: Arbatli Cemal Eren , Ashraf Quamrul H. , Galor Oded , Klemp Marc
Published: March 2020

This research advances the hypothesis and establishes empirically that interpersonal population diversity, rather than fractionalization or polarization across ethnic groups, has been pivotal to the emergence, prevalence, recurrence, and severity of intrasocietal conflicts. Exploiting an exogenous source of variations in population diversity across nations and ethnic groups, as determined predominantly during the exodus of humans from Africa tens of thousands of years ago, the study demonstrates that population diversity, and its impact on the degree of diversity within ethnic groups, has contributed significantly to the risk and intensity of historical and contemporary civil conflicts. The findings arguably reflect the contribution of population diversity to the non‐cohesiveness of society, as reflected partly in the prevalence of mistrust, the divergence in preferences for public goods and redistributive policies, and the degree of fractionalization and polarization across ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups.
Arrovian Aggregation of Convex Preferences
Authors: Brandl Florian , Brandt Felix
Published: March 2020

We consider social welfare functions that satisfy Arrow's classic axioms ofindependence of irrelevant alternativesandPareto optimalitywhen the outcome space is the convex hull of some finite set of alternatives. Individual and collective preferences are assumed to be continuous and convex, which guarantees the existence of maximal elements and the consistency of choice functions that return these elements, even without insisting on transitivity. We provide characterizations of both the domains of preferences and the social welfare functions that allow for anonymous Arrovian aggregation. The domains admit arbitrary preferences over alternatives, which completely determine an agent's preferences over all mixed outcomes. On these domains, Arrow's impossibility turns into a complete characterization of a unique social welfare function, which can be readily applied in settings involving divisible resources such as probability, time, or money.
Watch, Share or Create: The Influence of Personality Traits and User Motivation on TikTok Mobile Video Usage
Authors: Omar Bahiyah , Dequan Wang
Published: March 2020

Internet users are increasingly becoming self-publishing consumers. Applying the Uses and Gratifications (U&G) perspective, this study investigated how people use TikTok in terms of consuming, participating and producing behaviors, and examined the role of personality traits and users’ motivation as predictors to this integrated usage behavior. An online survey was conducted to recruit 385 TikTok users using online network sampling technique. Our findings suggest that it was users’ motivations, not personality traits, that have significant influence on TikTok use. Results show that users’ motivations – namely archiving, self-expression, social interaction and peeking – are significant predictors to TikTok usage behaviors but differ in levels and influence. This study contributes to both the theoretical and the empirical understanding of media use in a user-generated media (UGM) context.
Applied Regression Analysis on Study of Biosorption Process of Gold Using Nanofiber Chitosan/PVA
Authors: Sabda Budi Prasetya Dwi , Ahmadi Ahmadi , Pangga Dwi , Nugraheni Ari Dwi , Harsojo Harsojo , Febrilia Bq. Rika Ayu , Supriyanto Edy
Published: March 2020

Nanofiber has been widely used in various applications including agriculture, biomedical, pharmaceutical, and many other industries. In this study, nanofiber chitosan/PVA is utilized as an adsorbent for gold recovery due to its superior properties to adsorb metal ions from a solution. Adsorption isotherm was analyzed using the Langmuir and the Freundlich models. These models were used to evaluate the experimental data. In order to determine the more efficient models of gold recovery by using nanofiber chitosan/PVA, regression analysis methods were used to evaluate the data. Based on the result, we found that the Freundlich model was the best model for this study with parameters. This result also indicates that the biosorption process of gold in the nanofiber chitosan/PVA is a multilayer in heterogeneous surface and physical process.
Chemical Composition and Repellent Activity against Mosquito Aedes Aegypti of Pelargonium radula, Syzygiumaromaticum and Citrus aurantifolia Essential Oils
Authors: Abd Hamid Hazrulrizawati , Silvarajoo Nishantini , Hamid Nurulhusna Ab.
Published: March 2020

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is an epidemic vector of several diseases such as dengue fever and yellow fever. Several pesticides are used to control the mosquito population. Because of their frequent use, some mosquitoes have developed resistance. In the present study, we evaluated the synergistic mosquito-repellent activity of essential oils from Pelargonium radula, Syzgium aromaticum and Citrus aurantifolia against Aedes aegypti by using Y-tube olfactometer. The oils was subsequently analyzed by using GC–MS. These results clearly reveal that the essential oil of C. aurantifolia served as the most potent repellent agent against Aedes aegypti . The results indicate that three constituents; limonene (19.58%) followed by β–pinene (17.12%), geraniol (13.23%) which comprise a large proportion of the C. aurantifolia are likely responsible for the observed repellent activity.
Effectiveness of Ozonation Process on Treating Tofu Industrial Liquid Waste: Effect of pH Conditions
Authors: Wulansarie Ria , Chafidz Achmad , Pratikno Hidayat , Rengga Wara Dyah Pita , Afrizal Febrian Jefri , Dwipawarman Aditia , Bismo Setijo , Arifin Ridwan
Published: March 2020

The tofu industries in Indonesia produce a considerable amount of liquid waste. Most of these tofu industries do not treat waste properly. Liquid waste is channeled directly to the nearest water stream, and thus the values of COD, BOD and TSS are considerably high, which can damage the aquatic ecosystems. According to the Indonesian government rule (Permen LH no.5/2014), the maximum levels of COD, BOD and TSS are 300 mg/L, 150 mg/L, and 200 mg/L. One of alternative methods to reduce these three parameters is the ozonation method. Ozone is able to break down organic components well because of its strong oxidative properties (2.07 mV) and it can decompose into OH radicals which have stronger oxidative properties (2.80 mV). The objectives of this study are to reduce the levels of COD, BOD and TSS of tofu liquid waste into below of the maximum level set by the Indonesian government rule and to study the effect of pH conditions on the effectiveness of ozonation process. Ozonation is carried out under conditions at acidic pH, alkaline pH, and neutral pH, and with a waste concentration of 10%. Ozonation is done by flowing ozone directly into the waste for 120 minutes with an interval of 30 minutes. The levels of BOD, COD, and TSS before ozonation were 1,200 mg/L, 880 mg/L and 600 mg/L. After ozonation, it was found that the levels of COD, BOD and TSS of the waste without any pre-treatment (or acidic condition) was able to be reduced by 46.6%, 44.5% and 41.6%, respectively. Whereas, in neutral conditions the decreases of COD, BOD, and TSS were about 64.3%, 67.0%, and 62.4%, respectively. Optimum ozonation was found in alkaline conditions with the decreases in COD, BOD, and TSS values were about 85.4%, 84%, and 100%, respectively.
High Photoluminescence Spectroscopy on High Purity ZnO Crystal Growth by Electric Current Heating Method
Authors: Sutjipto Agus Geter Edy , Chi Heng Hooi , Shaitir Ali , Legowo Ari
Published: March 2020

The fabrication technique applied in this research to grow ZnO crystal is known as ECH method. It is a preferred method due to its low cost, simplicity in operating and low growth temperature. However the condition of ECH method to produce the optimum crystal growth has not been studied further. The objectives of this research are to synthesize ZnO ceramic pellets, to produce ZnO micro/nanostrcutures on ZnO ceramics bar by ECH method, as well as to characterize and analyze structural, morphological, and optical properties of ZnO crystals grown. ZnO pellets were formed by pressed at 3, 4, 5 tons and sintered at 1,100 °C in air for 4 and 72 hours. ZnO ceramic bar was joule heated by direct current of 2 A and 3 A. The result is the grain size of ZnO pellets increased with increasing sintering time and pressing pressure. XRD results indicated mostly crystal prefer to grow along (100) orientation. SEM images showed crystals grown was in a variety of shapes and sizes. PL measurements at room temperature revealed high intensity peak of in visible region in which yellow-level emission was observed from ZnO crystals grown.
Die betekenis van die vel vir verskillende fisioterapeutiese metodes, veral vir massage
Authors: Dethmers P.
Published: March 2020

No abastract available.
Manipulation: Individual responsibility
Authors: Maitland G. D.
Published: March 2020

No abstract available.
Wenela physiotherapy and rehabilitation centre
Authors: Mashego B. D.
Published: March 2020

No abstract available.
Corrosion Behavior of Zinc Covered with Native Oxides Under Thin Solution Films
Authors: Somphotch Chulaluk , Ooi Azusa , Tada Eiji , Nishikata Atsushi
Published: March 2020

This study clarified the influence of native oxides on the atmospheric corrosion of Zn. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) values of native-oxide-covered Zn were measured under thin solution films of 10 μm to 500 μm in thickness. The native oxides were formed by exposing pure Zn plates to humidified air at two different temperatures, 25°C and 60°C, for the duration of one week. EIS was applied to the native-oxide-covered Zn for measurement under thin solution films; the results were analyzed using a transmission line equivalent circuit to determine the charge-transfer resistance (Rct). The native oxide formed at 25°C strongly suppressed the corrosion rate (1/Rct) of Zn, which was independent of the solution film thickness (Xf). However, the 1/Rct was not reduced by the native oxides formed at 60°C, as it was dependent on Xf. This paper discusses the different behaviors of the native oxides in the context of corrosion protection.
Numerical analysis of the impact of agricultural emissions on PM2.5 in China using a high-resolution ammonia emissions inventory
Authors: Han Xiao , Zhu Lingyun , Liu Mingxu , Song Yu , Zhang Meigen
Published: March 2020

Abstract. China is one of the largest agricultural countries in the world. The NH3 emissions from agricultural activities in China significantly affect regional air quality and horizontal visibility. To reliably estimate the influence of NH3 on agriculture, a high-resolution agricultural NH3 emissions inventory, compiled with a 1 km × 1 km horizontal resolution, was applied to calculate the NH3 mass burden in China. The key emission factors of this inventory were enhanced by considering the results of many native experiments, and the activity data of spatial and temporal information were updated using statistical data from 2015. Fertilizer and husbandry, as well as farmland ecosystems, livestock waste, crop residue burning, fuel wood combustion, and other NH3 emission sources were included in the inventory. Furthermore, a source apportionment tool, ISAM (Integrated Source Apportionment Method), coupled with the air quality modeling system RAMS-CMAQ (Regional Atmospheric Modeling System and Community Multiscale Air Quality), was applied to capture the contribution of NH3 emitted from total agriculture (Tagr) in China. The aerosol mass concentration in 2015 was simulated, and the results showed that a high mass concentration of NH3, which exceeded 10 μg m−3, appeared mainly in the North China Plain (NCP), Central China (CNC), the Yangtz River Delta (YRD), and the Sichan Basin (SCB), and the annual average contribution of Tagr NH3 to PM2.5 mass burden in China was 14–18 %. Specific to the PM2.5 components, Tagr NH3 provided a major contribution to ammonium formation (87.6 %) but a tiny contribution to sulfate (2.2 %). In addition, several brute-force sensitivity tests were conducted to estimate the impact of Tagr NH3 emissions reduction on the PM2.5 mass burden. Compared with the results of ISAM, it was found that even though the Tagr NH3 only contributed 10.1 % of nitrate under current emissions scenarios, the reduction of nitrate could reach 98.8 % upon removal of the Tagr NH3 emissions. The main reason for this deviation could be that the NH3 contribution to nitrate is small under rich NH3 conditions and large in poor NH3 environments. Thus, the influence of NH3 on nitrate formation could be enhanced with the decrease of ambient NH3 mass concentration.
Vertical variability of the properties of highly aged biomass burning aerosol transported over the southeast Atlantic during CLARIFY-2017
Authors: Wu Huihui , Taylor Jonathan W. , Szpek Kate , Langridge Justin , Williams Paul I. , Flynn Michael , Allan James D. , Abel Steven J. , Pitt Joseph , Cotterell Michael I. , Fox Cathryn , Davies Nicholas W. , Haywood Jim , Coe Hugh
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Seasonal biomass burning (BB) from June to October in central and southern Africa leads to absorbing aerosols being transported over the south Atlantic Ocean every year, and contributes significantly to the regional climate forcing. The vertical distribution of submicron aerosols and their properties were characterized over the remote southeast Atlantic for the first time, using airborne in-situ measurements made during the CLoud-Aerosol-Radiation Interactions and Forcing for Year 2017 (CLARIFY-2017) campaign. BB aerosols were intensively observed in the region surrounding Ascension Island, in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and free troposphere (FT) up to 5 km. We show that the aerosols had undergone a significant aging process during > 7 days transit from source, as indicated by highly oxidized organic aerosol and thickly coated black carbon (BC). The highly aged BB aerosols in the CLARIFY region were also especially rich in BC compared with those from other regions. We also found significant vertical variation in the single scattering albedos (SSA) of these aerosols, as a function of relative chemical composition and size. The lowest SSA was generally in the low FT layer around 2000 m altitude (medians: 0.83 at 405 nm and 0.80 at 658 nm). This finding is important since it means that BB aerosols across the east Atlantic region are more absorbing than is currently represented in climate models. Furthermore, in the FT, we show that SSA increased with altitude and this was associated with an enhanced inorganic nitrate mass fraction and aerosol size. This likely results from increased partitioning to the existing particles at higher altitude with lower temperature and higher relative humidity. After entrainment into the BL, aerosols were generally smaller in size than were observed in the FT, and had a larger fraction of scattering material with resultant higher average dry SSA, mostly due to marine emissions and aerosol removal by drizzle. Our results provide unique observational constraints on aerosol parameterizations used in modelling regional radiation interactions over this important region. We recommend that future work should consider the impact of this vertical variability on climate models.
Global total electron content prediction performance assessment of the IRI-2016 model based on empirical orthogonal function decomposition
Authors: Li Shuhui , Xu Jiajia , Zhou Houxiang , Zhang Jinglei , Xu Zeyuan , Xie Mingqiang
Published: March 2020

Abstract. In this study, the empirical orthogonal function (EOF)
decomposition technique was utilized to analyze the similarities and
differences of the spatiotemporal characteristics between the total electron
content (TEC) of the International GNSS Service global ionospheric map (GIM)
and that derived from the International Reference Ionosphere 2016 (IRI-2016)
model in 2013. Results showed that the main spatial patterns and
time-varying features of the data set have good consistency. The following
four main spatiotemporal variation features can be extracted from both data
sets through EOF decomposition: the variation with the geomagnetic latitude
reflecting the daily averaged solar forcing, the diurnal and semidiurnal
periodic changes with longitude due to local time, and the interhemispheric
asymmetry caused by the annual variation of the inclination angle of the
Earth's orbit. The differences between the spatial patterns represented by
the EOF base functions of IRI-2016 and GIM TECs were analyzed by extracting
the same time-varying coefficients. The deviations of the interhemispheric
asymmetry component between the two data sets showed roughly equal values
throughout the Southern or Northern Hemisphere, whereas those of the other
spatial modes were mainly concentrated on the equatorial region. The
differences of the time-varying characteristics between the IRI-2016 and GIM
TECs were also compared by extracting the same EOF base functions. Although
the EOF coefficients of the two data sets presented consistent seasonal
variations, the magnitude of IRI-2016 TEC changes over time was less than
that of GIM TEC. The diurnal variation of the daily averaged solar forcing
component and the annual variation of the interhemispheric asymmetry
component exhibited relatively large deviations between the two data sets.
Considering the variance contribution of the different EOF components and
their average relative deviations, both analyses showed that the daily
averaged solar forcing and interhemispheric asymmetry components were the
main factors for the deviation between the IRI-2016 and GIM TECs.
The dead line for oil and gas and implication for fossil resource prediction
Authors: Pang Xiongqi , Jia Chengzao , Zhang Kun , Li Maowen , Wang Youwei , Peng Junwen , Li Boyuan , Chen Junqing
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Fossil fuel resources are invaluable to economic growth
and social development. Understanding the formation and distribution of
fossil fuel resources is critical for the search and exploration of them.
Until now, the vertical distribution depth of fossil fuel resources has not
been confirmed due to different understandings of their origins and the
substantial variation in reservoir depths from basin to basin. Geological
and geochemical data of 13 634 source rock samples from 1286 exploration
wells in six representative petroliferous basins were examined to identify
the maximum burial depth of active source rocks in each basin, which is
referred to in this study as the active source rock depth limit (ASDL). Beyond
the ASDL, source rocks no longer generate or expel hydrocarbons and become
inactive. Therefore, the ASDL also sets the maximum depth for fossil fuel
resources. The ASDLs of basins around the world are found to range from 3000 to 16 000 m, while
the thermal maturities (Ro) of source rocks at the
ASDLs are almost the same, with Ro ≈3.5±0.5 %. The Ro of
3.5 % can be regarded as a general criterion to identify ASDLs. High heat
flow and more oil-prone kerogen are associated with shallow ASDLs. In
addition, tectonic uplift of source rocks can significantly affect ASDLs;
21.6 billion tons of reserves in six representative basins in China and
52 926 documented oil and gas reservoirs in 1186 basins around the world are
all located above ASDLs, demonstrating the universal presence of ASDLs in
petroliferous basins and their control on the vertical distribution of
fossil fuel resources. The data used in this study are deposited in the
repository of the PANGAEA database at: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.900865 (Pang et al., 2019).
Hydrological evaluation of open-access precipitation data using SWAT at multiple temporal and spatial scales
Authors: Pang Jianzhuang , Zhang Huilan , Xu Quanxi , Wang Yujie , Wang Yunqi , Zhang Ouyang , Hao Jiaxin
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Temporal and spatial precipitation information is key to conducting effective hydrological process simulation and forecasting. Herein, we implemented a comprehensive evaluation of three selected precipitation products in the Jiang River Watershed (JRW) located in southwest China. A number of indices were used to statistically analyze the differences between two open-access precipitation products (OPPs), i.e. Climate Hazards Group Infra-Red Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) and CPC-Global (CPC), and the rain gauge (Gauge). The three products were then categorized into sub-basins to drive SWAT simulations. The results show: (1) the three products are highly consistent in temporal variation on a monthly scale, yet distinct on a daily scale. CHIRPS is characterized by overestimation of light rain, underestimation of heavy rain, and a high probability of false alarm. CPC generally underestimates rainfall of all magnitudes; (2) All three products satisfactorily reproduce the stream discharges at the JRW outlet with better performance than the Gauge model. On a temporal scale, the OPPs are inferior with respect to capturing flood peak, yet superior at describing other hydrograph features, e.g. rising and falling processes and base flow. On a spatial scale, CHIRPS offers the advantage of deriving smooth, distributed precipitation and runoff due to its high resolution; (3) The water balance components derived from SWAT models with equal simulated streamflow discharges are remarkably different between the three precipitation inputs. The precipitation spatial pattern results in an increasing surface flow trend from upstream to downstream. The results of this study demonstrate that evaluating precipitation products using only streamflow simulation accuracy will conceal the dissimilarities between these products. Hydrological models alter hydrologic mechanisms by adjusting calibrated parameters. Specifically, different precipitation detection methods lead to temporal and spatial variation of water balance components, demonstrating the complexity in describing natural hydrologic processes.
The assessment of earthquake-triggered landslides
susceptibility with considering coseismic ground
deformation
Authors: Zhao Yu , Huang Zeng , Wei Zhenlei , Zheng Jun , Konagai Kazuo
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The distance to the surface rupture zone has been commonly regarded as an important influencing factor in the evaluation of earthquake-triggered landslides susceptibility. However, the obvious surface rupture zones usually do not occur in some buried-fault earthquakes cases, which mean lacking of the information about the distance to the surface rupture. In this study, a new influencing factor named coseismic ground deformation was added to remedy this shortcoming. The Mid-Niigata prefecture earthquake was regareded as the study case. In order to select a more suitable model for generating the landslides susceptibility map, three commonly used models named Logistic Regression (LR), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) were also conducted to assess the landslides susceptibility. The performances of these three models were evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The calculated results showed the ANN model has the highest AUC (area under the curve) value of 0.82. As the earthquake triggered more landslides in the epicenter area, which makes it more prone to landslides in further earthquakes, the landslides susceptibility in the epicenter area was also further evaluated.
La sinonimia como estrategia discursiva empleada por Hugo Chávez Frías
Authors: Adrian Segovia Thays
Published: March 2020

El discurso político es, en la actualidad, el centro de interés de gran parte de la población venezolana. Su estudio conduce a poner al descubierto la ideología explícita o implícita de sus emisores. En virtud de ello, el objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar el uso de la sinonimia como estrategia discursiva empleada por Hugo Chávez Frías, quien ocupa la presidencia de Venezuela desde 1999, y determinar la función estratégica que esta cumple en alocuciones y cartas. La data de la investigación consta de textos orales y escritos producidos en los años 1999, 2000 y 2003, que fueron analizados a fin de ubicar los términos, palabras, vocablos, sintagmas y oraciones con valor sinonímico que se localizan en la formación discursiva representada por la muestra. Esta metodología sigue algunos de los lineamientos propuestos por Vasilachis (1997) para el análisis lingüístico de esta clase de materiales. Entre las conclusiones se destacan las siguientes: la sinonimia es una estrategia discursiva utilizada por Hugo Chávez para legitimar al propio grupo y deslegitimar al oponente, no obstante, predomina en los textos orales por su vínculo con el énfasis y la reiteración; se asocia a la exaltación, el elogio, la alabanza, el denuesto y la emotividad; su empleo tiene la función estratégica de igualar categorías no equivalentes, rasgo propio del discurso populista.
Lenguas en contacto: abriendo paso a las modificaciones lingüísticas del judeo-español en Turquía en el siglo XX.
Authors: Hastedt Slawomira
Published: March 2020

Hoy más que nunca la economía mundial exige el contacto e intercambio y el aislamiento geográfico y lingüístico se vuelven conceptos en peligro de extinción. Los mundos y las lenguas entran en contacto y son sujetos de transformaciones: dejan surgir nuevas formas de vivir, percibir y de expresarse. Al tema de nuevas formas de expresarse pertenece la evolución lingüística de lenguas en contacto y no resultará sorprendente que este estudio se enfocará en la lengua judeo-española en Turquía por lo espectacular que es su mantenimiento en forma intacta por unos 400 años y luego por abrirse a la adopción de varios elementos de las lenguas vecinas, en sólo un siglo.
En este estudio presentaremos las particularidades del súbito desarrollo de esta lengua en función de las diversas actitudes sociales que surgieron en el siglo XX en Turquía. El estudio explicará las condiciones sociales de la conservación de la lengua adoptada en la península Ibérica, señalará las circunstancias que provocaron la inestabilidad de su status quo, y, por último, presentará ejemplos de las prácticas sociales últimamente descubiertas que puedan impactar positivamente la lucha por la supervivencia de esta lengua.

Today more than ever the global economy demands contact and exchange in such a way that the geographic and linguistic isolation become concepts on the verge of extinction. The worlds and their languages come into contact and are subject to alterations as new ways of life, perception and expression evolve. To the subject of new forms of expression belongs the evolution of the languages in contact and it will not be surprising that this study will focus on Judeo-Spanish in Turkey considering its spectacular conservation in the original form for nearly 400 years, and then because of its opening to various elements of the neighbouring languages in the last century.
In this study, we will present the particularities of the sudden development of this language in function of the diverse social attitudes which emerged in 20th century Turkey. The study will explain the social conditions that lead to the conservation of the language adopted in the Iberian Peninsula, will point out the circumstances which provoked the instability of its status quo, and, finally, it will present examples of lately discovered social practices which may impact positively the struggle for survival of this language.
El santo ateo: Parodia religiosa en Tantas veces Pedro
Authors: Warner Theresa
Published: March 2020

En su novela Tantas veces Pedro, el autor peruano Alfredo Bryce Echenique utiliza las herramientas de la metaficción para hacer una parodia del género hagiográfico y de la Biblia, así burlándose de la religión católica. Para probar esta tesis, este trabajo combina las teorías de metaficción y parodia establecidas por la teórica Linda Hutcheon con el concepto de una hagiografía o “vida de santo”. Además de esta combinación, se explora la historia de la literatura peruana, en particular su larga tradición hagiográfica. Al juntar estas ideas, se puede ver cómo la obra de Bryce Echenique es una parodia humorística de escritura religiosa y, así, una crítica de la misma religión.
In his novel Tantas veces Pedro, the Peruvian author Alfredo Bryce Echenique employs the tools of metafiction in order to parody the hagiographic genre and the Bible, thus mocking the Catholic religion. In order to prove this hypothesis, this work combines the theories of metafiction and parody established by theorist Linda Hutcheon with the concept of hagiography or “life of a saint”. Along with this combination, this work explores the history of Peruvian literature, paying particular attention to its long hagiographical tradition. By joining all these ideas, one can see how this work of Bryce Echenique’s is a humorous parody of religious writing and, thus, a mockery of the religion itself.
Las “Socorro” de San Pedro. Vivencias religiosas de la sociedad tardo colonial en un rincón de la campaña bonaerense
Authors: Giallorenzi Ricardo Alberto , Giallorenzi Maria Laura
Published: March 2020

Nos proponemos examinar cuál fue el particular aporte de la devoción a Nuestra Señora del Socorro en la construcción de la identidad territorial del Rincón de San Pedro en una perspectiva que no permanece estática en el tiempo sino que se moldea a partir de los acontecimientos de cada época.
Analizaremos dicho proceso en el período que va desde los años previos a la llegada de su patrona -1762- hasta los tiempos de la Revolución de Mayo -1810- con la parroquia ya establecida.
Esta especificidad se ponderará en el marco de procesos regionales comunes a los territorios de temprana ocupación recordando que a principios del siglo XVIII San Pedro integraba el partido de los Arroyos- extensa zona comprendida entre Santiago del Baradero, Cañada Honda y el Arroyo del Medio- cuando dicho partido dependía de la Tenencia de Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz.
Verbalizing nouns and adjectives: The case of behavior-related verbs
Authors: Martin Fabienne , Piñón Christopher
Published: March 2020

In languages such as French, it is possible to derive from nouns or adjectives unergative verbs that intuitively describe ways of behaving, for example, diplomatiser ‘behave like a diplomat’, or bêtifier ‘behave like an idiot’. In addition to their unergative use, a number of behavior-related verbs have formally identical counterparts that are causative, anticausative or transitive activity verbs. The availability of the additional uses depends on the morphological make-up of the verb. This paper provides a semantic analysis of each use of these verbs, which is derived in a compositional fashion from the meaning of their different morphological pieces. We focus on the semantic contribution of the incorporated noun or adjective, by looking at the entailment patterns between the verb (e.g., diplomatiser ‘behave like a diplomat’, bêtifier ‘behave like an idiot’) and the corresponding noun (e.g., être (un/une) diplomate ‘be a diplomat’) or adjective (e.g., être bête ‘be stupid’). We observe that the noun is (re)interpreted in the same way in both the behavior-related verb and the figurative reading of the indefinite NP. The analysis proposed explicitly captures this figurative reading of (e.g.) être un/une diplomate ‘be a diplomat’, the link between the meaning shift of N in this reading and in diplomatiser ‘behave like a diplomat’, the additional causative, anti-causative and non-causative transitive uses of the verbs at study, as well as the entailment patterns observed. We also account for the way the morphosyntactic makeup of the predicate restricts the range of available readings.
The Relationship between Personality Traits, Academic Self-Efficacy and Academic Adaptation among University Students in Jordan
Authors: Abood Mohammed H. , Alharbi Bassam H. , Mhaidat Fatin , Gazo Ahmad M.
Published: March 2020

The current study investigates the relationship between personality traits according to the big five personality factors model, academic self-efficacy and academic adaptation among Hashemite University students in light of gender and specialization. The purposive sample consisted of 546 under graduated students, 258 males and 306 females. Three scales are used: the Five Factor Model (FFM), for academic self-efficacy and for academic adaption. The results show statistically significant differences in the average of participants’ degrees attributed to efficacy and academic adaption in favor of females and scientific specializations. They also show that agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, extroversion and neuroticism are most common among university students, with a statistically significant positive correlation between extroversion, openness to experience, academic self-efficacy and academic adaption and a negative correlation between neuroticism, conscientiousness, academic self-efficacy and academic adaption. No correlation was found between agreeableness and these two variables.
Cross Sectional Study to Assess Knowledge about Health Effect of Tobacco Use & Tobacco User’s Quitting Attitude among Rural Senior Citizens
Authors: Ibrahim Tarique , Bhujade Rashmi , Wanjpe Arun Kumar , Chouhan Dharampal singh
Published: March 2020

Background Phenomenon of “population graying” became a matter of apprehension for stake holders today. Exposure to various insecurities has made Senior citizens’s life more difficult. Health issues & co-morbidities are major concern in this age. Tobacco use is one of the major risk factor for many diseases.

Methodology-Cross sectional community based study was conducted on 500 senior citizens of a block of rural field practice area of a teaching hospital with the objectives of to assess the awareness about health effects of tobacco & quitting attitude among tobacco users. Data was collected with the help of proforma & analyzed with the help of spss -20.Chi square test was applied for showing significant association.

Results- Prevalence of awareness regarding health effect of tobacco use was found to be 56.6%.Knowledge of health effects of smoking was significantly associated with age, sex, religion, marital status, literacy & occupation. Prevalence of positive quitting attitude was found to be 35.4%.Positive quitting attitude was significantly associated with gender, literacy, occupation, knowledge regarding health effect of tobacco use & type of tobacco use.

Conclusion –Knowledge about health effect of tobacco use was found to be significantly associated with positive quitting attitude. In order to make aging healthy, deliberate sensitization & effective public action plans are needed that can alter the adverse consequences of graying.
Effects of Caregivers’ Training Programme on Preschoolers’ Socio-Emotional Readiness for Transition From Kindergarten to Primary One in Rivers State
Authors: Okondugba Alexander , Ugwuanyi Christian S. , Agah John , Ugwu Gloria , Ifelunni Clara , Ezema Victor , Achagh Wilfred Iorfa , Orji Joy C. , Ibiam Julie
Published: March 2020

This study determined the effect of caregivers’ training program on preschoolers’ socio-emotional readiness for transition from kindergarten to primary one in Rivers State Nigeria. The study adopted quasi-experimental design with a population of 550 pupils and a sample of 111 pupils 48 (experimental) and 73 (control) drawn from the population using a multi-stage sampling procedure. The instrument for data collection for this study was the Rating Scale for Observation of Kindergarteners and Primary One Pupils Readiness and Transition (RASOKIPOPRAT). Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while the hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at 0.05 set as the level of significance. The findings revealed that caregivers’ training program had a significant effect on pre-schoolers’ socio-emotional readiness for transition from kindergarten to primary one. Based on the findings it was recommended among others that local government education authority should adopt this training manual to help caregivers understand the meaning of socio-emotional readiness and then apply it in their school activities for proper development of the pupils.
INCOME INEQUALITY OF POLISH RURAL AND URBAN HOUSEHOLDS IN 2010-2017
Authors: Wołoszyn Andrzej , Wysocki Feliks
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the level of income inequality of rural households against other classes of household residence: small, medium and large cities. The assessment of intra-group or internal inequality was based on Theil-L and Theil-T indices. Inter-group inequality was measured summarily by the inter-group (or ‘between’) component in the Theil decomposition, and more verbosely by income disparity analysis. Research drew on individual, non-identifiable data from the “Household Budget Survey”, carried out by the Central Statistical Office in 2010, 2015 and 2017. It was found that despite rising income, rural households were still the poorest of all residence classes and lagged far behind average Polish households. Their internal income inequality was, throughout the study period, higher than in classes of households living in small-sized and medium-sized towns. This class was also most responsible for total income inequalities in Polish households.
Responsibility – an Anthropological Outline
Authors: Jędrczak Stanisław
Published: March 2020

In the article, I try to present an outline of the theory of responsibility. Its double root – based on the logical distinction between criterion and testimony – is derived from Abelard’s anthropology of action and the theory of personhood developed by Timothy Chappell. Initially, I discuss the metaphysical difficulties related to the problem of freedom (especially linked with determinism). Afterwards, following Abelard, I try to indicate an anthropological justification of punishment based on guilt. The last part of the paper is devoted to the attempt to enter the free will into a broader view of Chappell’s theory. The aim of the work is to prepare the ground for future studies on the proleptic notion of personhood and its further application within the philosophy of law.
The effect of intermittent feeding and cold water on performance and carcass traits of broilers reared under daily heat stress
Authors: Erensoy Kadir , Noubandiguim Moise , Sarıca Musa , Aslan Resul
Published: March 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of intermittent feeding and cold water on performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens between 4 to 6 wk of age exposed to daily high temperature.Methods: Broilers were assigned to four treatment groups according to a 2×2 factorial design between 22 to 42 d of age (80 broilers per treatment, 4 replications). Broilers were divided into two main groups as feeding type (ad-libitum [AL] and intermittent [IF] for 6 h daily) and sub-groups as water temperature (normal [NW], 24.9°C and cold [CW], 16.4°C). Heat treatment was applied between 11.00 to 17.00 h daily between 22 to 42 d of age.Results: Live weight at 6th wk was not affected by feeding type and water temperature, but the live weight was significantly higher in IF chickens at the 5th wk (p<0.05). Average weekly gain of IF broiler chickens were higher compared to AL group at 4, 5, and 6 wk of age (p<0.05). Although feeding type did not affect feed intake in 4 and 5th wk, feed intake was higher in IF chickens at 6th wk (p<0.01). In addition, feeding type and water temperature did not affect feed conversion ratio and interactions were not significant (p>0.05). Water temperature had no significant effect on heart, liver, gizzard, and abdominal fat percentages (p>0.05).Conclusion: It is concluded that IF increased the average weekly gain in chickens reared under daily heat stress for 6 h between 22 to 42 d of age. IF in hot environmental conditions slightly increased performance without adversely affecting health, welfare, and physiological traits, whereas CW implementation had no significant effect on performance. It can also be said that IF suppresses a sudden increase in body temperature depending on age and live weight.
— Invited Review — Amino acid requirements in horses
Authors: Mok Chan Hee , Urschel Kristine L.
Published: March 2020

Evaluating amino acid requirements, specifically threonine requirements, in horses will enable better feed formulation and result in economic production, improved animal health, and reduced environmental pollution. However, the current knowledge of protein and amino acid requirements in horses is still limited. Because horses have a unique digestive system and consume a variety of feed ingredients, their protein digestibility may be affected than other species by different feed composition, and thus amino acid requirements are susceptible to vary between situations. Therefore, a careful evaluation of amino acid requirements with a proper method is needed for various conditions. This review will also provide comprehensive information that needs to be considered when designing an amino acid requirement study in horses.
Combatendo Fake News nas Redes Sociais via Crowd Signals Implícitos
Authors: Freire Paulo , Goldschmidt Ronaldo
Published: March 2020

A disseminação de Fake News é um problema conhecido nas redes sociais. Uma das principais abordagens para detectar, automaticamente, este tipo de notícia é baseada na reputação, em especial a que utiliza Crowd Signals. Embora promissora, esta abordagem depende de informações nem sempre disponíveis: a opinião explícita dos usuários sobre as notícias serem fake ou não. Para superar esta desvantagem, este artigo propõe um método, baseado em Crowd Signals Implícitos, que não exige a opinião explícita dos usuários. Experimentos forneceram evidências de que o método proposto pode detectar Fake News sem exigir a opinião explícita dos usuários e sem comprometer os resultados obtidos pelo estado da arte dos métodos baseados em Crowd Signals.
Ist Qualität politisch steuerbar? Governance-, Interessen- und Zielkonflikte im deutschen Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Hornung Johanna , Bandelow Nils C.
Published: March 2020

Das deutsche Gesundheitswesen steht vor vielfältigen Governance-Konflikten. Sie betreffen zunächst das Verhältnis von Markt, Selbstverwaltung und Staat. Hinter der Ausgestaltung von Governance stehen auch politische Konflikte: Sie betreffen die Verantwortungsverteilung zwischen Bund und Ländern und zwischen Akteuren des Gesundheitswesens. Außerdem sind Governance-Fragen mit der Interpretation und Bewertung konkurrierender gesundheitspolitischer Ziele verbunden, insbesondere mit Qualität, Solidarität und Finanzierbarkeit.