bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Cavia porcellus (guinea pig): case report
Authors: Rosa L. Dalla , Soares A.G. , Marcili A. , Diaz J.D.S. , Wolkmer P. , Bassuino D.M. , Schaefer P.G.J. , Henrich K. , Rossato C.K.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease of worldwide spread. It is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted to animals and humans through the bite of sand flies. In Brazil, leishmaniasis is one of the zoonoses of major importance and expansion. The objective of this work is to describe the clinical, pathological, immunohistochemical and molecular findings of cutaneous leishmaniasis by Leishmania enriettii in guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). Three animals had nodular and alopecia lesions on the muzzle, ears and ulcerated lesions on the distal extremities of the pelvic limbs. The males (2) also had diffuse thickening of the scrotal skin. Samples of the ulcerated cutaneous lesions were evaluated by cytology which were observed as amastigote forms of Leishmania. One of the animals was euthanized and necropsied. Histopathology showed abundant dermal infiltrate of macrophages, plasma cells, lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells. Numerous macrophages contained parasitoid vacuoles with amastigote forms, evidenced by immunohistochemical examination. The molecular characterization based on the SSUrDNA gene identified the species as L. enrietti. The diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in these cases was based on pathological findings and confirmed by immunohistochemistry, PCR and sequencing.
Exigência de lisina digestível de frangos de corte machos de 22 a 42 dias de idade
Authors: Caetano V.C. , Demuner L.F. , Suckeveris D. , Muñoz J.A. , Faria Filho D.E. , Faria D.E.
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a exigência de lisina digestível para frangos de corte machos sob as características de desempenho, composição corporal e rendimento de carcaça dos animais, de 22 a 42 dias de idade. As dietas diferiram quanto aos níveis de lisina digestível, mantendo-se a relação dos demais aminoácidos com a lisina. Foram utilizados seis níveis de lisina digestível: 0,88%; 0,96%; 1,05%; 1,13%; 1,22%; e 1,30%. Distribuídos em 36 unidades experimentais de 36 aves cada, 1296 animais da linhagem Cobb - 500® tiveram as seguintes características de desempenho avaliadas: consumo de ração (CR), peso corporal (PC), ganho de peso (GP), conversão alimentar (CA), viabilidade criatória (VC) e índice de eficiência produtiva (IEP). Aos 42 dias de idade, foram selecionadas ao acaso cinco aves para avaliação do rendimento de carcaça, e duas para avaliação da composição corporal. A CA, o IEP e o rendimento de peito foram influenciados, sendo sua exigência de 1,30%, sugerindo que níveis maiores de lisina digestível que as recomendações utilizadas como base neste estudo (1,13%) trouxeram benefícios aos animais sobre essas características.
Histopathological and immunophenotypical characterization of canine multicentric lymphoma in Brazil: a study of 203 cases
Authors: Jark P.C. , Fracacio C.P. , Anai L.A. , Silva M.C.L. , Calazans S.G. , Senhorello I.L.S. , Costa M.T. , Sequeira J.L. , Sueiro F.A.R.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT The immunophenotype is regarded as an independent prognostic factor in high-grade lymphomas, seeing that lymphomas of T-cell origin are associated with shorter survival time. Although a number of studies have evaluated the immunophenotypical profile of lymphoma in the USA and Europe, Brazilian research on the matter remains scarce. Exact characterization of the histopathological type is crucial to establish proper treatment and prognosis. This study evaluated the database of immunohistochemistry laboratories that perform immunophenotyping of canine lymphoma in Brazil. A total of 203 cases of multicentric lymphoma were classified according to the WHO classification. Immunophenotyping was able to identify 71.4% lymphomas of B-cell line, 27.1% of T-cell line and 1.5% of non-B cells and non-T cell lines. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the most common with 59.1% of the cases. Among T-cell lymphomas, lymphoblastic was the most common (11.33% of the cases). Even though canine lymphomas tend to be high-grade, indolent lymphomas comprised 11.82% of the cases and T-zone lymphoma was the most prevalent (8.86%). The immunophenotype of multicentric lymphoma in Brazil is similar to those in other parts of the world, which suggests similar etiologic factors to the development of this disease.
Osteossíntese femoral associada ao biovidro 60S em tamanduá-bandeira: relato de caso
Authors: Alves E.G.L. , Oliveira G.C.A. , Magalhães T.V. , Teodoro A.N. , Eulálio F.H.F. , Rosado I.R. , Sampaio R.L. , Yudi C.K.
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Atropelamentos de animais silvestres são frequentes e muitas vezes causam fraturas ósseas que, se não tratadas adequadamente, levam à morte do animal por complicações ou por inabilidade de sobrevivência no seu habitat natural. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi relatar o uso de placa associada ao pino intramedular e ao biovidro 60S (BV60S) para o tratamento de fratura de fêmur em tamanduá-bandeira. O animal foi resgatado pela polícia ambiental com suspeita de atropelamento. Foi sedado para avaliação clínica e radiográfica, que revelou fratura em fêmur direito. Utilizou-se dexmedetomidina como medicação pré-anestésica, midazolam e cetamina para indução, e isoflurano para manutenção. Também foi realizado bloqueio peridural com bupivacaína e morfina. A osteossíntese foi feita com placa bloqueada 2,7 e pino intramedular 2,5. Colocaram-se 4g de BV60S no foco de fratura para favorecer a osteogênese. O paciente teve recuperação funcional imediata do membro acometido. A reparação óssea ocorreu por segunda intenção, observando-se ossificação completa do calo com consolidação clínica, aos 30 dias, e remodelação quase completa, aos 180 dias. Conclui-se que o uso de placa e pino associado ao BV60S é eficiente no tratamento de fratura de fêmur em tamanduá, permitindo a rápida recuperação e a reintrodução do animal na natureza.
Primary gastric rupture in 20 horses from Midwestern Brazil: case report
Authors: Gonzaga M.C. , Wilson T.M. , Castro M.B. , Teixeira-Neto A.R. , Campebell R.C. , Câmara A.C.L.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT An 11-year (2007-2018) survey of epidemiological, clinical and pathological findings of horses with primary gastric rupture (PGR) was conducted. Twenty horses presented PGR, nine (45%) horses were clinically evaluated, eleven (55%) were sent dead, and all animals were necropsied. PGR contributed to a prevalence of 0.31% (9/2,868) of all equid attendances, 1.83% (9/491) of colic cases, and 4.1% (20/487) of all equid necropsies. Highly fermentable feed (n=7), gastric impaction (n=4), and perforating gastric ulcer (n=1) were the main causes of PGR; whilst eight horses presented idiopathic gastric rupture. Clinically evaluated horses were tachycardic, tachypneic, febrile, dehydrated, with increased abdominal tension, abnormal mucous membranes and reduced to absent intestinal borborygmi. Improper dietary management, such as the ingestion of low-quality roughage and highly fermentable feedstuffs were detected as the main factors associated with PGR in Midwestern Brazil. It is important to raise awareness in horse owners about proper feed management to minimize PGR.
Ultrasound evaluation of female reproductive system in free ranging Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla): case report
Authors: Maronezi M.C. , Lemos G.G. , Lima F.H. , Izique L.M. , Santi M. De , Couto C. , Pereira T.M. , Uscategui R.A.R. , Minto B.W. , Werther K. , Feliciano M.A.R.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT An adult, female, 31kg body weight, free range Myrmecophaga tridactyla was referred for medical consultation due to apathy, dehydration, intense flatulence and fetid stools. The animal was submitted to chemical restraint and physical examination, blood count, fecal analysis, and vaginal cytology and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. Good nutritional status and clinical variables within the normal range were observed at physical examination. At vaginal cytology leukocytes, spermatozoa and a large proportion of cornified cells (superficial) were observed, indicating estrus and recent copula. At ultrasound examination it was possible to locate, identify, evaluate and measure the ovaries and the uterine structures, cervix, body, lumen, myometrium and endometrium, a fact never reported in the literature for this species. These data can be used as reference for clinical evaluation of the reproductive tract in Myrmecophaga tridactyla females considered vulnerable species, for the diagnosis of reproductive pathologies, biotechnologies application or estrous cycle evaluation.
Decomposing distribution across dimensions: evidence from Libras
Authors: Donazzan Marta , Sanchez-Mendes Luciana
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the investigation of the meaning of reduplication in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) analyzing the contribution of each of its forms: repetition (\rep) and alternation (\alt). In order to check their role, we proceeded a data collection with a native signer during elicitation sessions following the methodology for semantic elicitation (Matthewson, 2004). We also collected a spontaneous datum with another signer. We show that \rep is related to aspectual distribution, and \alt is associated to two pieces of information - participant-related distribution and aspectual distribution. We propose a formal analysis for each of the forms as well as of the way they interact compositionally.
The syntax and semantics of approximate indefinites in Spanish
Authors: Carranza Fernando Martín , Pérez Carlos Muñoz
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT In Spanish, combining an indefinite plural article and a cardinal number leads to an approximative interpretation similar to that provided by approximators like ‘approximately’. In this paper, we advance a syntactic and semantic analysis of these structures. We show that the construction shares a number of properties with structures containing explicit approximative elements, so it justified to assume that a particular constituent contributes the approximative meaning. We propose that an approximative morpheme Approx is combined with the cardinal number; the morphological realization of this morpheme is as the plural affix on the indefinite article. We advance a denotation for Approx, and elaborate the necessary assumptions on the functioning of numerals for our analysis to work at a general level.
Modalidade com graus? Necessidade fraca e o verbo dever do português
Authors: Ferreira Marcelo
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Neste artigo, discutimos a motivação e adequação de uma semântica de graus para o verbo modal dever do português, no âmbito de uma crescente literatura sobre o papel da noção de gradação na semântica modal. Exploramos analogias com outros domínios já mais bem mapeados e com os quais a modalidade expressa por dever parece guardar certa relação semântica. Passamos por questões relacionadas à quantificação, probabilidade, gradação e pluralidade, numa amostra das complexidades que a semântica desse verbo nos coloca. Cotejamos dever com determinantes proporcionais, adjetivos graduáveis, DPs universais restritos e descrições definidas plurais, a fim de avaliar a adequação de certas ideias e ferramentas analíticas que tem emergido nesse campo.
Que lindo o que vocês fizeram! - Brazilian Portuguese wh-exclamatives and the evidence for a split force
Authors: Medeiros Junior Paulo , Sieiro Pedro Luiz Moraes
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Portuguese exhibits a great variety of wh-exclamative sentences, including sentential exclamatives, which are the main concern of this paper. Brazilian Portuguese sentential wh-exclamatives seem to provide evidence to propose a split Force in the periphery of the sentence (RIZZI, 1997) when one considers the cooccurrence of a relative and an exclamative in the same utterance. We assume there are at least two functional heads available in Force: a RelP (hosting relative WHs) and an ExclP, supposed to host exclamative WHs; analyzed data also show that exclamation must be higher than relativization in a Split Force projection, with some more place above ExclP for topicalizing other syntactic objects.
Cartography, Left Periphery and Criterial Positions: an interview with Luigi Rizzi
Authors: Quarezemin Sandra
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT In this interview Luigi Rizzi discusses the ‘heuristic capacity’ of cartography and the functional lexicon, reinforcing important empirical issues for syntactic theory. Among the issues addressed by Rizzi are the tension between invariance and variation, the relations between cartographic representations and phase theory, the parametrization, the structural backbone and recursion, the criterial approach and freezing and the “future” of Cartography.
Competitividade e efeito de medidas políticas no consórcio cacaueiro-seringueira
Authors: Santana Adrielli Santos de , Soares Naisy Silva , Midlej Moema Maria Badaró Cartibani , Virgens Filho Adonias Castro
Published: July 2020

Resumo: O presente trabalho analisou a competitividade e a eficiência do sistema de produção consorciada do cacaueiro com a seringueira, no sul do Estado da Bahia, através do método da Matriz de Análise de Políticas desenvolvida por Monke e Pearson. Foram mensurados os indicadores da MAP, agrupando-os em quatro categorias: análise de lucratividade; análise de eficiência; análise de proteção; e transferência líquida de políticas. Os resultados obtidos permitem afirmar que a consorciação das culturas do cacau com a seringueira é uma atividade lucrativa e competitiva, do ponto de vista privado e social. Todavia, os produtores são penalizados pela presença de políticas que incidem sobre o produto e sobre os insumos. Além disso observou-se que o comportamento dos indicadores está condicionado às oscilações nos preços do cacau e da borracha natural.
A constituição de uma novidade organizacional no Sul do Brasil: avanços e limites da participação da agricultura familiar
Authors: Medeiros Monique , Cazella Ademir Antonio , Tecchio Andréia , Marques Flávia Charão
Published: July 2020

Resumo: As consequências negativas da “modernização” da agricultura têm induzido agricultores familiares, pesquisadores e mediadores sociais a construir ações de desenvolvimento rural que desviam do modelo hegemônico. Neste cenário, as “novidades” ou melhorias nos rearranjos de relações entre sociedade e tecnologia estão ocorrendo constantemente, não desprovidas de limitações. Este artigo discute as potencialidades e limites de processos de construção de uma novidade organizacional no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com foco na participação de grupos de agricultores familiares. A investigação contemplou pesquisas documentais, participação observante e entrevistas semiestruturadas com agricultores familiares e mediadores sociais atuantes na região, realizadas entre meados de 2013 e o primeiro trimestre de 2016. Os resultados alcançados evidenciam que a consolidação da novidade organizacional assegura a reprodução socioeconômica de grupos de agricultores familiares, resgata costumes, fortalece vínculos sociais e reconecta esses agricultores à natureza. Entretanto, ainda que esse novo e desviante processo esteja propiciando transformações significativas na região, a apropriação de novos procedimentos sociotécnicos por apenas alguns grupos sociais faz com que outros, em especial aqueles constituídos por agricultores familiares vulneráveis socioeconomicamente, não participem das ações.
COVID-19 AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY: MOBILE APPLICATIONS AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD IN SMARTPHONES
Authors: Galindo Neto Nelson Miguel , Sá Guilherme Guarino de Moura , Barbosa Luciana Uchôa , Pereira Juliana de Castro Nunes , Henriques Amanda Haissa Barros , Barros Lívia Moreira
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe Covid-19 mobile applications available for download on smartphones. Method: a cross-sectional study with 52 mobile applications on Covid-19, obtained from virtual stores for smartphones with Android and iOS operating systems. Fisher's exact test and Cramér's V were used. Results: of the applications, 45 (86.6%) were developed in 2020, 51 (98.1%) were free, and 49 (94.2%) did not have accessibility for people with disabilities. It was observed that, in 23 countries, 17 (32.7%) applications in English and 14 (26.9%) in Portuguese were created, with a choice of 11 languages, relating to nine subthemes on Covid-19, the majority on “case monitoring” and “symptoms, prevention, and care”, with 17 (32.7%) each. There was an association between the target audience and the subtheme of “symptoms, prevention, and care”, and between patient monitoring and professional training. Conclusion: Covid-19 mobile applications were available in countries on five continents, in the main languages of communication and free of charge; however, with limited accessibility for people with disabilities.
Estudio de la carga de la mortalidad por suicidio en México 1990-2017
Authors: Cervantes Claudio Alberto Dávila , Montaño Ana Melisa Pardo
Published: July 2020

RESUMEN: Objetivo: El principal objetivo fue analizar el nivel y la tendencia de la carga de mortalidad del suicidio en México entre 1990 y 2017, a escala nacional y estatal. Métodos: Análisis secundario basado en el estudio de la Carga Global de la Enfermedad de 2017. Se reportan tasas de mortalidad y los años de vida perdidos por muerte prematura (APMP). Para analizar la tendencia de los APMP se realizó un análisis de regresión joinpoint basado en el modelo log-lineal. Resultados: La carga de la enfermedad por suicidio se incrementó en México, principalmente en hombres y mujeres jóvenes; aunque el aumento en los adultos mayores es un reto adicional para los servicios de salud. La carga de la enfermedad varía sustancialmente entre los estados del país. Las tasas de mortalidad masculinas fueron mayores a las femeninas durante todo el periodo de estudio, aunque con una tendencia a reducir la diferencia entre ambos sexos. Se observó un patrón bimodal de la carga de la enfermedad por suicidio en México, con mayores tasas en los 15-19 años de edad y un importante incremento a partir de los 85 años de edad. Conclusión: los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto un panorama preocupante, no solo desde el punto de vista social, económico y de salud, sino también en cuanto a las necesidades en materia de políticas públicas. Esto representa una llamada de atención sobre la necesidad de implementar acciones de identificación oportuna, una estrategia integral multisectorial de prevención y el estudio detallado de los factores de riesgo asociados.
Nível de atividade física de lazer e sua associação com a prevalência de síndrome metabólica em adultos: estudo de base populacional
Authors: Santos Franco Andrius Ache dos , Back Isabela De Carlos , Giehl Maruí Weber Corseuil , Fassula Angélica Scherlowski , Boing Antonio Fernando , González-Chica David Alejandro
Published: July 2020

RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar as associações entre mudanças do nível de atividade física de lazer em adultos com a prevalência de síndrome metabólica. Métodos: Estudo de base populacional realizado com 818 adultos de 20 anos ou mais em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, entre 2009 e 2014. Testou-se a associação da manutenção e/ou mudança do nível de atividade física com a prevalência de síndrome metabólica, ajustada por variáveis sociodemográficas (sexo, idade, escolaridade, renda, estado civil e cor da pele) e tabagismo. Empregou-se regressão logística, estimando-se as razões de chance (OR) e os respectivos intervalos de confiança (IC95%). Resultados: A prevalência geral de síndrome metabólica foi de 30,9% (IC95% 27,2 - 34,7). Independentemente das variáveis de ajuste, os adultos que deixaram de ser ativos e/ou se mantiveram fisicamente inativos no lazer no período apresentaram, respectivamente, 108 e 124% maiores chances para a síndrome metabólica (OR = 2,08; IC95% 1,30 - 3,33) e (OR = 2,24; IC95% 1,38 - 3,65). As mulheres e os indivíduos com idade inferior a 45 anos apresentaram menores chances para a síndrome metabólica. Conclusões: Nesta amostra, manter-se inativo ou passar a sê-lo associou-se, significativamente, com maiores chances para a síndrome metabólica.
Fatores contextuais e individuais associados à hipertensão arterial entre idosos brasileiros (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde - 2013)
Authors: Bento Isabel Cristina , Mambrini Juliana Vaz de Melo , Peixoto Sérgio Viana
Published: July 2020

RESUMO: Objetivo: Investigar a associação de variáveis contextuais e individuais com a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) em idosos brasileiros. Métodos: Estudo transversal com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (2013) e do Atlas de Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil. A HAS foi definida pela medida direta da pressão arterial e/ou pelo uso de medicamentos para essa condição. As variáveis independentes contextuais foram o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHM) e o índice de Gini, por Unidade da Federação (UF). As variáveis independentes individuais incluíram fatores sociodemográficos, comportamentos em saúde, condições de saúde e uso de serviço de saúde. Utilizaram-se modelos logísticos multiníveis para o estudo dos fatores associados. Resultados: Entre os 10.211 participantes com 60 anos ou mais, a prevalência de HAS foi de 66,7% (IC95% 65,1 - 68,3). Após ajuste para todas as variáveis, a chance de HAS foi maior nas UF com maior IDHM, em mulheres, com 70 anos ou mais, não brancas, com uma ou mais doenças crônicas, com excesso de peso e circunferência da cintura aumentada e entre aqueles que realizaram quatro ou mais consultas médicas no ano anterior. Por outro lado, foi observada associação negativa entre HAS e escolaridade. Conclusão: O perfil individual associado à HAS foi semelhante ao já reportado na literatura, mas chama atenção que os idosos residentes nas UF de maior IDHM apresentaram maior chance de ter essa condição, sugerindo maior sobrevida dos hipertensos dessas regiões.
FUTURE-SE: O ULTIMATO NA UNIVERSIDADE ESTATAL BRASILEIRA
Authors: Silva Júnior João dos Reis Silva , Fargoni Everton Henrique Eleutério
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O artigo analisa as mudanças políticas que redefiniram e estão redefinindo a educação superior brasileira e faz apontamentos para análise da correlação das forças econômicas com o momento histórico do Brasil, tendo origem na década final do século XX e se estendendo até o ano 2020. Caracteriza a composição do Programa Institutos e Universidades Empreendedoras e Inovadoras – Future-se, analisando o contraditório por meio dos intentos e elementos neoliberais introduzidos no texto do projeto. Finaliza, então, descortinando a Reforma do Aparelho do Estado no contexto brasileiro nas duas primeiras décadas do século XXI, por meio do novo regime econômico mundial.
A Covid-19 e a volta às aulas: ouvindo as evidências
Authors: Oliveira João Batista Araujo e , Gomes Matheus , Barcellos Thais
Published: July 2020

Resumo Paralisadas pelo pânico decorrente da pandemia provocada pela Covid-19, o fechamento das escolas trará consequências para a aprendizagem dos alunos. Este artigo examina situações de paralisação, uso do tempo e impacto de tecnologias no desempenho escolar. O exame das evidências sugere como pouco promissoras as estratégias de aumento intensivo de tempo ou recurso a tecnologias. Caminhos mais promissores estariam associados a diagnósticos, intervenções estruturadas mais adequadas ao perfil dos professores, melhor aproveitamento do tempo, uso judicioso dos deveres de casa, redução do absenteísmo e tutoria intensiva de alta qualidade focada nos alunos de maior risco.
Supplementation of grazing beef cattle with narasin
Authors: Gobato Luiz Guilherme Mezzena , Polizel Daniel Montanher , Ferraz Júnior Marcos Vinícius de Castro , Miszura Alexandre Arantes , Barroso José Paulo Roman , Martins André Storti , Gonçalves José Renato Silva , Ferreira Evandro Maia , Pires Alexandre Vaz
Published: July 2020

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of narasin inclusion in mineral and protein supplements on the performance and supplement intake of grazing beef yearlings. One hundred and fifty Nellore yearlings with 17.0±0.06 months of age and 219.7±1.62 kg initial body weight (BW) were allocated into 30 experimental units (EUs), with five animals each. The EUs were assigned to 16 paddocks, which were continuously stocked for 28 days, followed by 28 days of rest. A randomized complete block design was used. The experiment lasted 140 days, divided into five periods of 28 days each. The assessed treatments were: control mineral supplement (CON); CON + 1,800 (N1800) or 2,750 (N2750) mg narasin per kilogram of supplement; and protein mineral supplement (PROT) or PROT + 360 mg narasin per kilogram of supplement (PROT 360). The inclusion of narasin in the mineral supplement increased average daily gain (ADG) in the first period and decreased supplement intake in the first, second, and third periods, when compared with the CON treatment. The ADG and supplement intake were similar between the N1800 and N2750 treatments. Narasin has a positive effect on ADG up to 28 days of supplementation and controls mineral supplement intake, without compromising this gain.
Ontology Reasoning with Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Hohenecker Patrick , Lukasiewicz Thomas
Published: July 2020

The ability to conduct logical reasoning is a fundamental aspect of intelligent human behavior, and thus an important problem along the way to human-level artificial intelligence. Traditionally, logic-based symbolic methods from the field of knowledge representation and reasoning have been used to equip agents with capabilities that resemble human logical reasoning qualities. More recently, however, there has been an increasing interest in using machine learning rather than logic-based symbolic formalisms to tackle these tasks. In this paper, we employ state-of-the-art methods for training deep neural networks to devise a novel model that is able to learn how to effectively perform logical reasoning in the form of basic ontology reasoning. This is an important and at the same time very natural logical reasoning task, which is why the presented approach is applicable to a plethora of important real-world problems. We present the outcomes of several experiments, which show that our model is able to learn to perform highly accurate ontology reasoning on very large, diverse, and challenging benchmarks. Furthermore, it turned out that the suggested approach suffers much less from different obstacles that prohibit logic-based symbolic reasoning, and, at the same time, is surprisingly plausible from a biological point of view.
Sensitivity analysis and seepage/leakage monitoring using point heat source
Authors: Chen Jiang , Fang Xiao , Cheng Fei , Ge Qi , Xiong Feng
Published: July 2020

Seepage monitoring is an important issue in the health monitoring and performance evaluation of geotechnical engineering, and one of the effective ways to monitor seepage is the thermal method. Based on the coupling effects between the seepage field and the temperature field, a point heat source (PHS) method is presented in this paper. The PHS seepage monitoring system was composed of a monitoring tube, multiple sensing–heating elements, a regulated power supply and a demodulator. The sensing element, a fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensor, is integrated with the heating element (a ceramic heating tube). To optimise the monitoring scheme of this system, the influence of sensitivity-related factors on the identification effects of seepage is studied. The implementation pattern of the sensing–heating element, dimensions of the monitoring tube, heating voltage and heating period were used as factors for calibration experiments at different seepage velocities. The results reveal the following: (a) both implementation patterns, with heat conduction glue or a copper tube filled in the gap between the FBG sensor and the ceramic heating tube, obtained good monitoring results; (b) the dimensions of the monitoring tube significantly influenced the effects of seepage identification, where the larger the gap was between the monitoring tube and the sensing–heating element, the worse were the results of monitoring; (c) within the relevant ranges, the heating voltage and period had nearly no effect on the monitoring results. Based on these conclusions, a monitoring scheme that combines the sensing–heating element with heat conduction glue filled in the gap and monitoring tube of 20 mm dia. was chosen for a leakage monitoring experiment. Three patterns of the leakage passage were tested in the experiment, and each was tested with three values of leakage intensity. The results show that leakage was accurately determined by the PHS seepage monitoring system, and its estimates of flow flux agreed well with empirical values.
Numerical and theoretical analyses of settlements of strip shallow foundations on normally consolidated clays under partially drained conditions
Authors: Flessati Luca , di Prisco Claudio , Callea Fabio
Published: July 2020

In the geotechnical community, the macroelement approach nowadays is largely considered to be a successful theoretical tool for solving soil–structure interaction problems. This approach is based on the definition of a generalised constitutive law putting in relation a small number of suitably defined generalised stress/strain variables. The macroelement formulations proposed in the literature take into consideration either drained or undrained cases, but disregard the hydro-mechanical coupling. In this paper, the authors intend to generalise the theory by introducing a new formulation for shallow foundations overpassing this limitation and capable of accounting for the influence of loading rate on the system response. To conceive and to calibrate the model, the authors numerically analysed the case of a shallow foundation positioned on a normally consolidated clayey soil stratum whose mechanical behaviour is reproduced by means of the modified Cam Clay model. Finally, the approach is discussed critically from the perspective of its use as a design tool according to approaches based on the ultimate limit state and displacement.
EFFECT OF ANNEALING CYCLES ON DEEP DRAWABILITY OF LOW CARBON TITANIUM ADDED STEEL
Authors: Muda Iskandar , Manaf Azwar
Published: July 2020

EFFECT OF ANNEALING CYCLES ON DEEP DRAWABILITY OF LOW CARBON TITANIUM ADDED STEEL. Maximum mechanical properties and deep drawability of low carbon titanium added steels was obtained after heat treatment with simulation batch annealing cycles in an industrial process. The effect of holding times and holding temperatures on deep drawability were studied using tensile test for measuring normal anisotropy (r-value) and strain hardening exponent (n-value). Scanning electron microscope were employed for observation of microstructure in steel sheets. X-ray diffraction with pole figure techniques were also used for measuring texture of annealing. Results showed that as the temperature was increased up to 900 oC, both r and n values increased gradually and peaked in the temperature of 850 oC. This results showed that formability of sheet materials increased until batch annealing temperature reach 850 oC as increasing the ratio of intensities {111} /{100}. The largest mean r value of almost 2.6 was obtained in slow heating at holding temperature of 850 oC with n value of 0.27.
Capitalist and Communal Foundations in The Bingo Palace
Authors: Rolofson Kelsey N.
Published: July 2020

Published in 1994, Louise Erdrich’s The Bingo Palace traces the journey of Lipsha Morrissey, who is called to return to his childhood home, a fictional Ojibwe reservation, after years of living off-reservation with his father. Upon his return, Lipsha becomes enamored with a young woman, Shawnee Ray, and entangled in conflict with Lyman, Lipsha’s uncle, half-brother, and the father of Shawnee Ray’s child, who plans to build a glamorous “Bingo Palace” on reservation land to bring wealth to the Ojibwe people. As Lipsha struggles to reconcile his conflict with Lyman, he faces questions of identity, family, and an ethical dilemma: would the economic benefits of a “Bingo Palace” outweigh the cultural costs?
Обзор методов классификации неподвижных фаз в газовой хроматографии
Authors: Зайцева Елена Александровна
Published: July 2020

В статье рассматриваются традиционные методы классификации газохроматографических не-подвижных фаз. Пятимерная схема Роршнайдера основана на предполагаемой независимости пяти ви-дов энергии у пяти эталонных образцов. Расчет схемы основан на системе уравнений с пятью неизвест-ными, которые являются характеристиками полярности неподвижной фазы. Однако веществ, у кото-рых был бы только один вид взаимодействия не существует; кроме того, независимых видов межмоле-кулярной энергии не так много – меньше пяти. Это подразумевает ошибочность и избыточность схемы, поскольку пространство параметров Роршнайдера имеет меньшую размерность, а, принимающиеся не-зависимыми, характеристики эталонных веществ суммируют вклады разных видов энергии. Полуэм-пирическая модель сольватационных параметров Абрахама более теоретически обоснована, некоторые ее параметры могут быть получены теоретически. Эта схема еще более сложная в расчетах, чем схема Роршнайдера, а определение всех сольватационных параметров методом газовой хроматографии не-возможно. Другие методы используют схемы одномерной характеристики, например, различные пара-метры полярности или методы гидрофобно-гидрофильного баланса, где неподвижные фазы имеют один оценочный параметр. Этого недостаточно из-за сложной природы межмолекулярных взаимодей-ствий, у неподвижных фаз с различной селективностью характеристики могут совпадать. Традицион-ные методы эмпиричны, они имеют ограниченную предсказательную способность и не могут одина-ково применяться к различным экспериментам. Однако, из-за отсутствия альтернативных вариантов, эти методы широко используются для оценки селективности неподвижных фаз.Предложен метод трехпараметрической характеристики, который основан на представлении энергии межмолекулярного взаимодействия суммой неполярной, полярной энергии и энергии водород-ной связи. Все параметры, используемые в математических выражениях, имеют физический смысл, являются переносимыми и не требуют дополнительных экспериментов. Характеристики неподвижных фаз можно рассчитать, как по экспериментальным данным по удерживанию, так a priori, используя структурную формулу неподвижной фазы, если она известна.
Rupture Process of the 2019 Ridgecrest, California Mw 6.4 Foreshock and Mw 7.1 Earthquake Constrained by Seismic and Geodetic Data
Authors: Wang Kang , Dreger Douglas S. , Tinti Elisa , Bürgmann Roland , Taira Taka’aki
Published: July 2020

The 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence culminated in the largest seismic event in California since the 1999 Mw 7.1 Hector Mine earthquake. Here, we combine geodetic and seismic data to study the rupture process of both the 4 July Mw 6.4 foreshock and the 6 July Mw 7.1 mainshock. The results show that the Mw 6.4 foreshock rupture started on a northwest-striking right-lateral fault, and then continued on a southwest-striking fault with mainly left-lateral slip. Although most moment release during the Mw 6.4 foreshock was along the southwest-striking fault, slip on the northwest-striking fault seems to have played a more important role in triggering the Mw 7.1 mainshock that happened ∼34  hr later. Rupture of the Mw 7.1 mainshock was characterized by dominantly right-lateral slip on a series of overall northwest-striking fault strands, including the one that had already been activated during the nucleation of the Mw 6.4 foreshock. The maximum slip of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake was ∼5  m, located at a depth range of 3–8 km near the Mw 7.1 epicenter, corresponding to a shallow slip deficit of ∼20%–30%. Both the foreshock and mainshock had a relatively low-rupture velocity of ∼2  km/s, which is possibly related to the geometric complexity and immaturity of the eastern California shear zone faults. The 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake produced significant stress perturbations on nearby fault networks, especially along the Garlock fault segment immediately southwest of the 2019 Ridgecrest rupture, in which the coulomb stress increase was up to ∼0.5  MPa. Despite the good coverage of both geodetic and seismic observations, published coseismic slip models of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence show large variations, which highlight the uncertainty of routinely performed earthquake rupture inversions and their interpretation for underlying rupture processes.
Smooth Acceleration Spectra for Pulse-Like Ground Motions
Authors: Li Cuihua , Xue Guofeng , Zuo Zhanxuan
Published: July 2020

Idealization of acceleration response spectra is the basis for construction of target spectra for seismic design and assessment of structures. The adequacy of current methods to reasonably idealize (or smooth) the acceleration spectra of pulse-like and nonpulse-like ground motions is examined in this study. The influence of separated pulses on different regions of acceleration response spectrum is first investigated using wavelet transform. One representative method is selected as the benchmark to examine the effectiveness of the Newmark–Hall-based methods to smooth the acceleration spectra of pulse-like and nonpulse-like ground motions. Presented are some important insights into why the plateau (or amplification factor) associated with the constant-acceleration branch may be underestimated and the ending cutoff period Tg be overestimated by Newmark–Hall-based methods. This study highlights the intrinsic characteristics and the importance of the constant-acceleration branch, based on which a two-step procedure is proposed to idealize the acceleration spectra. The results show that the proposed methodology can accurately identify the constant-acceleration branch regardless of the influence of pulses on the descending branch of acceleration spectra.
A study of forty eight patients with ilecoceacal mass presenting as intestinal obstruction requires surgical intervention and their outcome
Authors: Gupta Himanshu , Anand Sumikesh
Published: July 2020

Background: Intestinal obstruction is defined as obstruction of the passage of the intestine for its contents. Successful conservative treatment may leave adhesions that could cause recurrence; on the other hand, surgery may be the source of new adhesions like any other abdominal surgery. Hence, the present study was undertaken for assessing the 48 patients with ilecoceacal mass presenting as intestinal obstruction requires surgical intervention and their outcome.Methods: Of a total of 48 patients with ilecoceacal masses who presented with intestinal obstruction and underwent surgical intervention for the same. Surgical management outcome was classified as “favorable” or “unfavorable” outcome according to the retrospective secondary data extracted from their medical records. Unfavorable outcome was considered if the patient died or has one or more postoperative complications. Favorable outcome was considered if the patient was discharged alive and does not have any history of postoperative complications.Results: Abdominal pain, abdominal distension, vomiting and failure to pass faeces were the prominent presenting symptoms among intestinal obstruction patients.  Favourable outcome was seen in 76 percent of the patients while unfavourable outcome was seen in 24 percent of the patients. Mortality occurred in 6 patients. Prolonged ileus was found to be present in 1 patient. Failure to wean from ventilator for more than 48 hours was seen in 2 patients.  Conclusions: Surgical management had high efficacy of more than 75 percent in managing patients with intestinal obstructions. With precise technique and adequate care, complication rate can be reduced.
Legal transplants w prawie administracyjnym
Authors: Bieś-Srokosz Paulina
Published: July 2020

Zjawisko prawnych przeszczepów w prawie polskim jest coraz częstszym przykładem jego zastosowania. Przeszczepy prawne można odnotować w prawie administracyjnym, w szczególności w materialnym prawie administracyjnym. Analizując jednak działalność legislacyjną ustawodawcy w ciągu ostatniej dekady widzimy, że coraz częściej zmierza on w kierunku stosowania legalnych przeszczepów – nie zawsze jednak zasadnie.
Umowa ramowa między Stolicą Apostolską i Republiką Burundi w sprawach wspólnego interesu z 6 listopada 2012 roku narzędziem inkulturacji na kontynencie afrykańskim
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: July 2020

W dość długi już katalog umów zawieranych po Soborze Watykańskim II przez Stolicę Apostolską z państwami afrykańskimi wpisała się umowa ramowa (Accord-cadre) w sprawach wspólnego interesu (sur matières d’intérêt commun) zawarta 6 listopada 2012 r. z Republiką Burundi. Traktat ten, obejmujący preambułę, 22 artykuły oraz aneks, reguluje szeroki wachlarz spraw interesujących obydwie strony. Stanowi znaczący, jak się wydaje, instrument służący wzajemnemu, obustronnie wzbogacającemu dialogowi kultury z wiarą.

Preambuła umowy, obejmująca siedem akapitów, wskazuje cel, przesłanki i okoliczności jej zawarcia. Uzgodnienia zawarte w Umowie ramowej, zawarte w poszczególnych artykułach, dotyczą następujących spraw: zasady ogólne, sprawowanie kultu Bożego, nominacje kościelne, przestępstwa duchownych i osób zakonnych oraz sekrety: spowiedzi i zawodowy, dobra materialne kościelnych osób prawnych oraz duchownych, budownictwo sakralne i kościelne, posługiwanie się przez Kościół środkami przekazu, małżeństwo, zrzeszanie się wiernych, prowadzenie przez Kościół placówek oświatowych i wychowawczych, prowadzenie przez Kościół instytucji dobroczynnych, udział finansowy Państwa w działalności Kościoła na rzecz narodu, opieka duszpasterska nad zaangażowanymi w siłach zbrojnych i bezpieczeństwa oraz nad przebywającymi w zakładach i instytutach zamkniętych, postanowienia końcowe.

Należy mieć nadzieję, że umowa Stolicy Apostolskiej i Republiki Burundi, uchylając rozdźwięk między Kościołem a kulturą plemienną tego kraju, stanie się – w jakiejś mierze – skutecznym narzędziem inkulturacji na kontynencie afrykańskim.
Rola Ministra Finansów w zaciąganiu zobowiązań finansowych w imieniu Skarbu Państwa. Część II
Authors: Kucia-Guściora Beata
Published: July 2020

Artykuł został poświęcony kompetencjom Ministra Finansów w zakresie zaciągania zobowiązań finansowych w imieniu Skarbu Państwa, poprzez zaciąganie przez Skarb Państwa pożyczek i kredy- tów oraz udzielanie poręczeń i gwarancji. Merytoryczne rozważania są kontynuacją prezentowanej w części pierwszej artykułu problematyki zaciągania zobowiązań przez Skarb Państwa poprzez emisję lub wystawianie papierów wartościowych. Prezentowana płaszczyzna działalności Ministra Finansów wskazuje, iż Ministrowi Finansów pozostawiono dość duże pole elastyczności zarówno na poziomie wyboru, jak i negocjacji konkretnych pożyczek i kredytów. Ponadto organ ten odgrywa istotną rolę w procedurze udzielania poręczeń i gwarancji. Działania Ministra Finansów mają w dużej mierze charakter nadzorczy wobec państwowych osób prawnych, a także prewencyjny nawet wobec działań Rady Ministrów.

Autorka nie tylko zaprezentowała poszczególne kompetencję uwidaczniające rolę Ministra Finansów, ale dokonując ich oceny podkreślała stworzenie pewnej przestrzeni autonomii w działaniu dla tego organu, mającej niekiedy znamiona dyskrecjonalizmu.
Instytucje pośrednictwa pracy – regulacje prawne okresu międzywojennego w Polsce
Authors: Kwiecień Sebastian
Published: July 2020

Stan bezrobocia w Polsce okresu międzywojennego był jednym z największych problemów społeczno-gospodarczych z jakim musiał zmierzyć się każdorazowy rząd. Odbudowa państwa Polskiego, kryzysy ekonomiczne, tak wewnętrzne jak i światowe, odciskały swe piętno na rynku pracy.

Państwo powołując już w roku 1919 państwowe urzędy pośrednictwa pracy, postanowiło w sposób władczy zaingerować w tę sferę polityki społecznej i pozytywnie wpłynąć na sytuację na rynku pracy. Przejęło na siebie tym samym odpowiedzialność za pomoc bezrobotnym. Dominowało przeświadczenie, że tylko należycie zorganizowane państwowe instytucje pośrednictwa pracy to najskuteczniejszy i bezpośredni środek walki z wysokim bezrobociem, które było stałym zjawiskiem ówczesnych czasów. Jednocześnie dopuszczono społeczne i prywatne przedsiębiorstwa pośrednictwa pracy, które miały uzupełnić instrumenty państwowego pośrednictwa pracy i pomocy bezrobotnym. Te jednak działały w oparciu o restrykcyjne zasady i w oparciu o ścisłą reglamentację, co do ilości osób mogących podjąć taką działalność.

Jakkolwiek, nie można zaprzeczyć, że w ciągu 5 lat stworzono zwarty system pośrednictwa pracy, oparty na państwowych urzędach, wspomaganych przez system społecznego i zarobkowego pośrednictwa pracy. Jest to o tyle istotne, że nie było to zadanie łatwe, a oczekiwania społeczne, chyba nie mogły sprostać faktycznym możliwością ich działania.
Wiek rozeznania w Kodeksie Prawa Kanonicznego (kan. 891 i 989) w świetle tradycji kanonicznej
Authors: Dohnalik Jan
Published: July 2020

Studium dotyczy pojęcia wieku rozeznania, które pojawia się w dwóch przepisach obowiązującego Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego (kan. 891 oraz 989). To sformułowanie, występujące dzisiaj w dwóch łacińskich wersjach: aetas discretionis i ad annos discretionis, jest zakorzenione w średniowiecznym prawie kanonicznym. Zgodnie z zasadą interpretacyjną zawartą w kan. 6 § 2, w tym przypadku w celu wyjaśnienia znaczenia dzisiejszego ustawodawstwa należy sięgnąć do kanonicznej tradycji.

W pierwszej części artykułu zostaje ukazane znaczenie wyrażenia aetas discretionis w świetle Konstytucji 21 Soboru Laterańskiego IV i średniowiecznych glosatorów. W drugiej części zostaje omówione zagadnienie wieku rozeznania w dekrecie Quam singulari oraz w Kodeksie pio-benedyktyńskim. W trzeciej części zostaje naszkicowana problematyka wieku bierzmowania od kan.

788 Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego z 1917 r. do kan. 891 obecnego Kodeksu, który nadal przewiduje jako najbardziej odpowiedni do przyjęcia tego sakramentu wiek rozeznania, chyba, że konferencja biskupów zdecyduje inaczej. Czwarta część koncentruje się na wieku rozeznania potrzebnym do spowiedzi według kan. 989, z odniesieniem do wieku pierwszej Komunii świętej.

Dzięki przeprowadzonemu studium można lepiej zrozumieć pojęcie wieku rozeznania, obecnego także w obowiązujących normach dotyczących bierzmowania. Konsekwencją powinno być zastanowienie się nad naszymi duszpasterskimi programami dotyczącymi przyjmowania sakramentów wtajemniczenia. W tej refleksji nie powinno się tracić z oczu minimalnego wieku rozeznania obecnego w kanonach obowiązującego Kodeksu.
Tracheobronchopathia Osteochondroplastica: A Case Report
Authors: Khazani Fard Salar , Aghaeimeybodi Fathemeh
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Tracheobronchopathia Osteochondroplastica (TPO) is a rare disease that is characterized by bony canals located on the cartilage ring. We here report one case of tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica
Case Report: A 64-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital with a productive cough, sputum, and fever for ten days. Her chest CT scan showed mild thickening and irregularity associated with calcification in the trachea wall and main bronchus. The patient had rheumatoid arthritis, and after consultation with a rheumatologist, she received pneumonia treatment and then underwent bronchoscopy.
Conclusion: TPO is a rare, benign disease with slow progression. Physicians should be aware of TPO and should consider it in patients with chronic cough and respiratory infections.