bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generation and Characterization of a variant of Thermostable Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase (MMLV-RT) Enzyme
Authors: Gosar Abdiaziz Ali , Kimani Josephine W. , Nzou Samson Muuo , Mwangi Anne Wanjiru , Ndung'u Faith , Sora Guyo H. , Kimotho James H.
Published: September 2024

Background Reverse Transcriptase (RT) enzymes have been extensively utilized, especially in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Many viruses that cause infections worldwide contain ribonucleic acid (RNA), and for their molecular detection, it is essential to convert RNA to DNA using RT. This study aimed to create and characterize a thermostable Moloney Murine Reverse Transcriptase (MMLV-RT) enzyme by using consensus sequences from the latest MMLV-RT sequence database. Methodology The six latest sequences encoding MMLV-RT were retrieved from the NCBI website, and the consensus sequence was determined and cloned into the pET28a (+) vector. The vector was overexpressed in an E. coli expression system. The enzyme obtained was purified using Talon accept resin. The purified enzyme was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting. The enzyme performance was evaluated by performing PCR on 89 SARS-CoV 2 positive samples and 40 negative samples both in a concentrated state and at a dilution factor of x10−1. The performance was compared with that of the commercial enzyme, a commercial RT enzyme kit, and Superscript (Invitrogen). Results The enzyme was successfully expressed in E. coli. The concentration of MMLV-RT used was 0.313 mg/mL. The concentrated enzyme detected 98.9% of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, whereas the diluted RT enzyme detected 92.1% of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. In contrast, the diagnostic specificity was 98% for concentrated RT and 95% for diluted RT. This showed that the recombinant in-house MMLV-RT enzyme prototype could be used for the PCR amplification of viral RNA. (Figure 3) Conclusion We successfully produced a recombinant MMLV-RT enzyme whose performance was comparable to that of standard commercial reverse transcriptase (P <0.0001).
A SWOT analysis of generative AI in applied linguistics: Leveraging strengths, addressing weaknesses, seizing opportunities, and mitigating threats
Authors: Alaqlobi Obied , Alduais Ahmed , Qasem Fawaz , Alasmari Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Background The integration of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Gemini, into the field of applied linguistics presents transformative opportunities alongside notable challenges. This study aims to evaluate the role of AI in applied linguistics through a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis. Methods Using a sample derived from Scopus and Web of Science, we identified relevant studies by applying specific search terms. Our qualitative research design used the SWOT framework to systematically review and analyse studies, ensuring a robust synthesis of data. Results The results of our SWOT analysis revealed the following: 1) Strengths: Enhanced educational tools and resources through AI-driven personalization and interactive learning, increased efficiency and accessibility in generating educational materials, and innovative research applications leveraging semantic similarity measures and advanced linguistic analyses. 2) Weaknesses: Quality and accuracy concerns in AI-generated content, potential over-dependence on AI tools leading to diminished student creativity and ethical issues, and technical limitations in handling complex academic writing tasks. 3) Opportunities: Potential for educational innovation and pedagogical integration, advancements in AI technology to support linguistic research, and fostering global collaboration and access through AI tools. 4) Threats: Risks to academic integrity due to AI-generated content, technological and implementation challenges, and privacy and security concerns regarding data handling. Conclusions Based on the SWOT analysis, we introduced a strategic plan to maximize strengths and opportunities while addressing weaknesses and threats. The strategy includes promoting personalized learning through AI tools, streamlining the creation of educational materials, fostering innovative research applications, ensuring human oversight to maintain content quality, developing ethical guidelines to prevent misuse, investing in necessary infrastructure and training, and implementing robust data protection measures.
Propolis in Human Health: Unraveling Chemistry, Applications, and Efficacy
Authors: Ptak Jakub , Miśkiewicz Marek , Noga Rafał , Marcinkowska Jagoda , Herc Adrian , Koczkodon Karolina , Teska Victoria , Perłowski Jakub , Sawczuk Marcelina , Krompiewski Mariusz
Published: September 2024

The paper explores the diverse aspects of propolis, a resinous substance created by bees from botanical sources, presenting a comprehensive overview of its chemistry, applications, and efficacy in human health. Propolis, colloquially known as "bee glue," serves as a versatile material in hive construction and defense against diseases and predators. Its chemical composition, influenced by geographic origins, comprises a myriad of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and more. The study delves into the pharmacological activities of propolis, emphasizing its antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Propolis exhibits a direct correlation between its biological activity and the quality of its chemical constituents. The antioxidant activity, attributed to flavonoids, plays a crucial role in mitigating oxidative stress and associated chronic inflammation. Furthermore, the paper discusses the therapeutic potential of propolis in various health conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, COPD, and wound healing. In diabetes, propolis shows promise in reducing blood glucose levels and insulin resistance. Its cardioprotective effects are linked to antioxidant compounds, addressing oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. Propolis demonstrates anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects in respiratory conditions, providing potential relief for asthma and COPD patients. Additionally, propolis accelerates wound healing through its immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. In conclusion, propolis emerges as a natural resource with significant potential for human health, presenting a diverse array of bioactive compounds that contribute to its therapeutic efficacy across various medical conditions. The multifaceted nature of propolis makes it a subject of growing interest for further research and exploration in the field of medicine and healthcare.
The use of aesthetic medicine in the treatment of rosacea
Authors: Latała Aleksandra , Wąs Marcin , Zozula Natalia , Tomczewska Zuzanna , Rykucka Aleksandra , Kiełbasa Justyna , Kowalczyk Agata , Bil Katarzyna , Ślesicka Iga , Przestrzelska Magda , Winiarska Natalia
Published: September 2024

Introduction and purpose:

 

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis.  It mainly affects the central parts of the face and manifests itself with redness, erythema, telangiectasia, and papulopustular lesions. The aim of the work is to review current rosacea therapy techniques, detailing aesthetic medicine treatments.

 

Material and methods:

 

In order to create the review, the PubMed and Scopus databases were searched in April and May 2024. The searches took place between April 24 and May 15, 2024 and consisted of a critical analysis of the acquired sources of knowledge.

 

State of knowledge:

 

The introduction of lasers to the market has revolutionized the therapy of rosacea and appropriately selected parameters and patient qualification for the treatment ensure therapeutic success. Botulinum toxin is a potent neurotoxin that blocks the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic vesicle. Appropriate home care is an extremely important factor in maintaining the disease in the remission phase.

 

Conclusion

 

Among the possibilities of aesthetic medicine, rosacea therapy is definitely dominated by laser therapy. There are several lasers available on the market today, the most commonly used of which is IPL. Ablative lasers are used to treat a deformed nose caused by rhinophyma. Botulinum toxin is administered as an intradermal injection, thanks to which it reduces erythema and redness of the skin. After appropriate treatment by a dermatologist and aesthetic medicine doctor, well-selected home care plays a key role in maintaining the disease in the remission phase.
Najstarsze nazwy wodne i utworzone na ich bazie toponimy Bieszczadów Zachodnich i Beskidu Niskiego
Authors: Krukar Wojciech
Published: September 2024

Motywem przewodnim niniejszej pracy jest szczególna relacja nazw rzek karpackich do określeń sygnujących ich obszary źródliskowe we wczesnym etapie rozwoju osadnictwa. Punktem wyjścia jest rzeka Wisłok i średniowieczna nazwa jej górnej zlewni – Wysloczkie. Uchwycone tu prawidłowości dają się zauważyć także w dorzeczach Osławy, Hoczewki, Solinki i Sanu w Bieszczadach Zachodnich oraz Jasiołki i Ropy w Beskidzie Niskim, a także w dolinach wielu mniejszych cieków. Część pierwotnych nazw górskich zlewni zapisana została w nazwach później powstałych miejscowości, np. Wisłoczek, Huczwice, Sianki, Ropki, a niektóre w nazwach terenowych, np. Tarnawki, Żerniczki, Tworyńczyki. Szczególnie trudne było ustalenie tych ostatnich korelatów, gdyż większość z nich po powojennych wysiedleniach ludności została zapomniana. Bazę materiałową pracy stanowią własne dane toponimiczne (ok. 12 tys. nazw), w tym kilkaset hydronimów, uzyskane od miejscowej ludności drogą wywiadów. Materiał porównawczy pochodzi z prac historycznych, głównie A. Fastnachta, oraz archiwalnych map badanego obszaru.
QUO VADIS, EUROPAM? REFLEXIONES SOBRE EL EUROCENTRISMO.
Authors: Caballero Durán Mario
Published: September 2024

En el texto aquí presente debato sobre la concepción de Europa a través del análisis de varios autores, entre otros De Sousa Santos, Ramón Grosfoguel y Aníbal Quijano. El estudio se divide en dos partes: en el primer apartado, me centro en la crítica de una Europa unificada como concepto, del mismo modo que la visión de Europa como centro del mundo y las fronteras que le son socialmente construidas. En el segundo apartado, realizo un análisis acerca de la relación de Europa con América Latina y África, poniendo en relieve el carácter colonial de dicha relación y las consecuencias epistemológicas y de cosmovisión que surgieron. Del mismo modo, reflexiono acerca del pensamiento abismal de De Sousa Santos como herramienta para cuestionar las formas de conocimiento que utilizamos y hemos heredado de la académica en el continente europeo. Finalmente, concluyo que el concepto de Europa ha sido forjado por las potencias económicas y coloniales del siglo XVII y XVIII a través de la historiografía de esos países. Del mismo modo, añado que la idea que tenemos actualmente de Europa sigue siendo utilizada como herramienta colonial para mantener la hegemonía del continente sobre los antiguos territorios colonizados.
ARTE Y TRANSFORMACIÓN SOCIAL EN ESPACIOS RURALES: EL CASO DEL FESTIVAL GARGAR DE PENELLES (LLEIDA).
Authors: Tahull Fort Joan , Puigpinós Jiménez Albert
Published: September 2024

Los vecinos de Penelles (Lleida) viven en un entorno rural. En los últimos años, la población ha tenido una pérdida constante y progresiva de habitantes. Los jóvenes se trasladan a vivir a entornos urbanos, posiblemente con mejores posibilidades educativas, laborales y ocio; muchos no regresan. El festival Gargar planifica actividades artísticas y culturales en espacios públicos y ha transformado la vida social y cultural de Penelles. Actualmente el festival es considerado un referente nacional e internacional del “Street art”. Se presenta información obtenida mediante observación participante y se han realizado 10 entrevistas a organizadores, artistas, vecinos y visitantes. Según los residentes, el festival cambió su mirada respecto al pueblo y han adquirido una identidad más positiva e integradora con la comunidad; se sienten más orgullosos y satisfechos de su entorno.
“UN RELATO MÁS ESPERANZADOR E INTERESANTE” DE LA HUMANIDAD. O QUÉ PODEMOS APRENDER DE NUESTRA HISTORIA PARA INVENTAR OTRA CULTURA.
Authors: Florido del Corral David
Published: September 2024

En este texto para el debate parto del trabajo de David Graeber y David Wengrow (2022), El amanecer de todo. Una nueva historia de la humanidad. Barcelona: Editorial Ariel (841 págs.), para realizar una reflexión sobre sus ideas principales y una interpretación del sentido general de la obra: proponer una apertura intelectual a la sociedad contemporánea para recuperar la capacidad de inventar la cultura. Tras un apunte metodológico inicial, se resumen los capítulos sucesivamente y se concluye con un diálogo con los autores sobre la que he entendido como su principal enseñanza
TRANSFERÊNCIA DE EXECUÇÃO DA PENA NO DIREITO BRASILEIRO: OBJETIVOS, REQUISITOS E PROCEDIMENTOS - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2024v84p141
Authors: Caetano Xavier Junior Ely
Published: September 2024

Nas últimas duas décadas, o Brasil intensificou esforços para consolidar sua cooperação jurídica internacional, o que se refletiu em um aumento nos pedidos de cooperação jurídica tramitados pelo Ministério da Justiça e Segurança Pública. Em matéria penal, essa cooperação engloba, entre outros instrumentos, a transferência de execução da pena. Esse instituto permite que um Estado solicite a execução de uma pena por outro Estado, especialmente quando o condenado tem residência habitual ou é nacional deste último. A Lei de Migração trouxe sistematização sobre esse tema, com o objetivo essencial de combater a impunidade, especialmente quando nacionais são condenados no exterior e retornam ao Brasil. Sustenta- se que a transferência de execução da pena é plenamente aplicável a nacionais brasileiros, sem conflitar com a proteção constitucional em casos de extradição. O exame da legislação e dos precedentes judiciais indica que a execução da pena depende de uma avaliação dos requisitos legais pelo Ministério da Justiça, seguida da homologação da sentença penal estrangeira pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Em conclusão, a transferência de execução da pena representa um instrumento moderno que amplia as capacidades de persecução criminal, complementando o aparato de cooperação jurídica internacional existente no Brasil. Seu correto entendimento e aplicação fortalecem a cooperação jurídica internacional em matéria penal, assegurando eficácia das sentenças penais nos casos em que a extradição não é possível.
L’EMPIETEMENT DE FONCTION ET SES DIFFERENTES PERIPETIES DANS LA GESTION DES PROVINCES EN RDC : CAS DE L’INTERIM DU GOUVERNEUR DE PROVINCE - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2024v84p171
Authors: Ngoie Tshibambe Germain , Lemere Kiyombo Makonga Janvier
Published: September 2024

Cette étude se propose de démontrer qu’à chaque autorité correspond une compétence définie par les textes en fonction d’une spécialité déterminée. Et donc une autorité administrative ne peut agir que dans une matière pour laquelle elle est investie. Quelle que soit par ailleurs la liberté dont elle peut disposer dans l’appréciation des faits, l’Administration ne peut ignorer les conditions juridiques que les textes établissent pour qu’elle exerce son pouvoir. Lorsqu’un acte administratif unilatéral, tel qu’un arrêté individuel, est élaboré en violation de cette règle, la notion d’incompétence s’invite promptement. L’intérim, bien qu’étant une exception à l’incompétence résultant de l’empiétement de fonction, comme la délégation de compétence ou la suppléance, constitue un danger contre l’Etat de droit lorsqu’il ne se conforme pas aux règles qui l’organisent, et tous les actes qu’il génère tombent sous le coup de l’empiétement de fonction, par conséquent inconstitutionnels ou illégaux, susceptibles d’annulation devant un juge compétent.
DADOS E INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL: INVESTIGAÇÃO HERMENÊUTICA SOBRE OS PRESSUPOSTOS NÃO TEMATIZADOS DA REGULAÇÃO JURÍDICA - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2024v84p395
Authors: Dias de Matos Diniz Thiago , Damasceno e Silva Megale Maria Helena
Published: September 2024

Este artigo objetiva reconstruir as bases das noções que atualmente amparam a crescente onda legislativa nos países ocidentais acerca da proteção de dados pessoais, notadamente: a noção de um direito autônomo a essa proteção e a noção mesma de dado e informação que a acompanha. Essas noções são um problema, pois não se sustentam em vista do objetivo de tutela jurídica de sujeitos vulneráveis. Este trabalho defende que o foco da proteção de dados não deve ser o sujeito singular, titular de dados. Vale-se da abordagem hermenêutico-fenomenológica, partindo de concreções ônticas trazidas a lume pela Filosofia da Informação e por uma revisão de literatura sobre o contexto histórico-político de acontecimento da máquina cibernética. Os resultados dessa investigação permitem concluir pelo caráter não autônomo de um direito à proteção de dados, correlato de uma noção de dado que não se pode estabelecer atômica e individualmente. A tutela da privacidade torna desnecessária a noção encurtada de proteção de dados, e seu horizonte balizador não são os dados, mas os sentidos de ação que permanecem possíveis a partir da vulnerabilidade (do sujeito) informacional.
DAS SUCESSÕES: DIREITO HEBREU ATRAVÉS DA BÍBLIA E DO TALMUDE - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2024v84p447
Authors: Goldstein Mateo
Published: September 2024

O presente trabalho apresenta uma tradução inédita para o português do espanhol da obra do jurista argentino Mateo Goldstein, “Derecho hebreo: a través de la Bíblia y el Talmud”. O recorte para fins de adequação técnica foi dentro do campo do Direito das Sucessões, considerando sua contextualização histórica e cultural. A metodologia dentro dos estudos da tradução se embasou na Teoria de Skopos, com vistas a uma maior preocupação com a função do texto, em detrimento de vertentes mais ligadas à tradução literal, palavra por palavra. A escolha temática se justifica pelo interesse em compreender as bases que influenciaram e ainda influenciam o desenvolvimento do Direito no Ocidente, tendo em mente a atual e polêmica situação de crise vivida no Oriente Médio. A leitura do texto também evidencia a influência das discussões religiosas antigas nos sistemas jurídicos contemporâneos, na expectativa de promover o entendimento de que, muito além de se destacar diferenças que podem gerar conflitos, urge a necessidade de se valorizar as semelhanças que unem as sociedades ao longo da história, promovendo diálogos mais harmoniosos. Nesse sentido, a apresentação em língua portuguesa não apenas contribui para difusão de conhecimento jurídico-histórico, mas para uma maior compreensão cultural, além de permitir futuras reflexões sobre fundamentos de justiça e direitos humanos.
Omnificence or Differentiation? An Empirical Study of Knowledge Structure and Career Development of IT Workers
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Zheng Zhiqiang (Eric) , Gu Bin
Published: September 2024

This study explores the crucial yet underexamined labor supply side of the information technology (IT) job market, focusing on how IT professionals can strategically manage their knowledge diversity structures for career advancement. By introducing and operationalizing two novel metrics—knowledge omnificence and knowledge differentiation—the research examines their impact on IT workers’ salaries and job security. Through an extensive analysis of IT career data spanning from 2000 to 2016, the study reveals that moderate levels of knowledge omnificence and differentiation lead to the most favorable economic outcomes for IT professionals. Specifically, knowledge omnificence is associated with higher salary potential and career mobility, whereas knowledge differentiation is linked to enhanced job security. These findings provide actionable insights for IT workers aiming to optimize their career trajectories. Additionally, the study highlights the role of these knowledge structures in reducing gender disparities in the IT labor market, with women particularly benefiting from increased knowledge omnificence and differentiation. The research underscores the importance of strategic knowledge management for IT workers and offers valuable guidance for firms and policymakers to support a dynamic and equitable IT workforce.
infância e invisibilidade: por uma pedagogia do oculto
Authors: Contage Daniel gaivota
Published: September 2024

O que se oculta na escola? Em oposição à pergunta mais tradicionalmente feita em educação – o que a escola revela? – esta pesquisa encontra caminhos mais escuros para pensar as potências presentes nos tempos e espaços escolares. A partir dos desdobramentos gerados por pesquisa encerrada em 2016 (AUTOR, 2017), este texto tateia cegamente as possibilidades de uma escola que, ao invés de trazer à luz, atenta mais para aquilo que está obscuro, escondido, oculto. Através da leitura de pensadores da filosofia da diferença, como Deleuze e Foucault, tenta situar a escola em uma disputa imanente entre o caos e a ordem, onde as estruturas de poder trabalham através da visibilização e permissão, por um lado, e pela interdição e ocultamento, pelo outro. Através de um olhar filosófico e genealógico da escola e com a ajuda de Heráclito e da deusa Ártemis, este texto cego tenta afirmar a potência dessas forças invisibilizadas, e assumir a infância não como uma fase a ser superada, mas justamente como uma destas potências que permitem manter o mundo oculto, encriptado, e não na forçosa lógica do visível. Tateia, com a ponta dos dedos, escola e infância, para constatar, sem precisar ver, que elas estiveram e estão lá.----(EN)Childhood and invisibility: toward a pedagogy of the concealWhat hides in school? In opposition to the most frequently asked question in the studies of education – what does school reveal? – this research finds more obscure ways to think the potencies present in school times and spaces. From the results generated by previous research (AUTOR, 2017), this text blindly gropes the possibilities of a school that, instead of bringing things to light, gives more attention to what is obscure, hidden, concealed. From readings on philosophers of difference, such as Deleuze and Foucault, attempts to situate the school in an immanent dispute between chaos and order, where the structures of power work through the visibilization and permission, on the one hand, and by the interdiction and concealment, on the other. Through a philosophical and genealogical view of school and with the help of Heraclitus and the goddess Artemis, this blind text tries to affirm the potency of these invisible forces, and to assume childhood not as a phase to be overcome, but as one of these forces that allow the world’s hiddenness, that allow it to keep encrypted, instead of being forced into the logic of the visible. It touches, with its fingertips, school and childhood, to state, without needing to see, that they have been and are there.
Competencies developed by students while working in nutrition junior enterprises
Authors: Gomes de Paiva Gabriela , De Almeida Daniele Cristina , Coelho Letícia Clara , Cardoso Lisboa Pereira Simone , Vieira de Lima Costa Bruna
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Reflections arise on how junior companies have been structuring themselves alongside the teaching dynamics in Brazilian universities and their effective contributions to the professional training and development of skills of their members. Thus, this study aimed to identify competencies perceived by students in nutrition junior enterprises in Brazil and compare them according to their profile (time of participation, number of positions and weekly workload). Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out with a representative sample of students working in nutrition junior enterprises. Self-reported variables were collected on sociodemographic, occupational, technical-scientific performance data, aptitude for entering the job market, intention of professional activity and perception of the skills developed. Pearson's Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used to determine differences in the perception of acquired skills between the performance profiles. Results: Participation in junior enterprises influenced the development of various entrepreneurial skills that change according to the student's performance profile in junior enterprises. The greater dedication of time and activities in junior companies provided recognition of significant skills such as leadership (p<0.001), problem-solving ability (p<0.01), and social responsibility (p=0.05). On the other hand, only a quarter of students took courses on entrepreneurship and only two in ten were willing to become an entrepreneur after academic training. Conclusion: This study presents which entrepreneurial skills are most developed through participation in a junior enterprise. This research can contribute to promoting scientific data on entrepreneurship education, which is still scarce in developing countries. Furthermore, it can encourage the participation of students in junior enterprises and promote support for this activity among professors and universities.
Dietetics students' opinion on food and their future profession
Authors: Koritar Priscila , Gaspar Maria Clara de Moraes Prata , Larrea-Killinger Cristina , Alvarenga Marle dos Santos
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Although it is believed that dietitians will use their opinions about food in their professional practice, few studies evaluated conceptions about food and health among dietitians, and this evaluation could be useful for understanding university education and thinking about possible professional implications. Methods: The study aimed to understand the role of food and what it means to be a dietitian from the perspective of Brazilian dietetics students (495 from 34 institutions in the state of São Paulo) through the questions, "What do you consider the main role of food?" and "For me, being a dietitian means...” The responses were analyzed with the support of AtlasTi software and codified into analytical categories based on content analysis.  Results: Of the total, 93% were female and 20% were enrolled in public institutions. Two main categories were defined for food: biological and psycho-sociocultural aspects, and two for nutritionists: health promoter and integral health promoter; 69% indicated the function of food as only biological and 61,3% see the dietitian to be only a health promoter, considering only physiological aspects. Students from public institutions responded more for psycho-sociocultural aspects and integral health promotion (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Most participants present opinions about food in their professional practice focusing mainly on biological and physical health aspects. The possible impact of these opinions on professional practice should be discussed and addressed so that undergraduation can expand critical training and better professional practice.
Pegada ecológica e nível de processamento em cardápios oferecidos em restaurante universitário
Authors: Lysike Leticia Juliana , Triches Rozane Marcia
Published: September 2024

Introdução: Diante de uma sindemia global, o sistema agroalimentar dominante tem sua eficiência questionada em relação à saúde e à sustentabilidade. Restaurantes institucionais são um lócus importante para incentivaro consumo de preparações saudáveis provenientes de sistemas alimentares sustentáveis. Objetivo: Avaliar a pegada ecológica (PE) comparando-a entre os tipos de cardápios, níveis de processamento e grupos alimentares em um restaurante institucional universitário. Método: Estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram obtidos de fichas técnicas de cada preparação dos cardápios onívoros e vegetarianos ofertados para uma média de 286 refeições diárias. Foi utilizado o software PSPP para as análises estatísticas, realizando testes descritivos e de frequências, teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov e teste de Mann Whitney para identificar diferenças entre os grupos. Resultados: As medianas da Pegada Ecológica (PE) apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativasentre cardápios onívoros e vegetarianos (p<0,00), entre os tipos de carne, brancas e vermelhas (p=0,027) e entre cardápios vegetarianos com ovos e os demais (p=0,018). Também foi possível verificar que, dentre os níveis de processamento, a mediana da PE do grupo dos alimentos in natura e/ou minimamente processados é maior que os demais devido ao grupo de carnes, ovos, leite e derivados. O grupo de ultraprocessados tem a quarta maior mediana.Conclusão: A partir dos dados encontrados, o planejamento dos cardápiosdeve ser repensado, a fim de garantir uma alimentação adequada e com baixo impacto ambiental.
Amamentação e alimentação complementar saudável sob a perspectiva da Educação Alimentar e Nutricional: reflexões a partir do trabalho de um grupo de apoio nas redes sociais on-line
Authors: Rito Rosane Valéria Viana Fonseca , De Jesus Damião Jorginete , Farias Silvia Cristina , Lima Tavares Elda , Da Conceição Rodrigues Elisa , Ravizzini Pereira Joana , Sarto Figueiredo Mariana , Lima Pereira Peres Patricia
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A amamentação e o acesso à alimentação complementar saudável devem ser valorizados enquanto direito humano à alimentação adequada. Objetivo: Apresentar a convergência entre a promoção e o apoio à amamentação e à alimentação complementar saudável desenvolvidos pelo grupo Mulheres Apoiando Mulheres na Amamentação (MAMA) com os princípios do Marco de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) para Políticas Públicas. Desenvolvimento: O presente ensaio surge da reflexão sobre as práticas de cuidado e educação em saúde, a partir da experiência do Grupo MAMA. Nesse sentido, foram descritos o contexto em que se originou o grupo e as características desse programa de extensão universitária interinstitucional; buscou-se estabelecer a relação de cada um dos nove princípios do Marco de EAN com o alinhamento das premissas e organização do grupo, seu modus operandi voluntário nas redes sociais virtuais e a produção de materiais autorais que são baseados no aconselhamento; apresentaram-se os principais aprendizados e desafios dessa iniciativa inovadora de promoção e apoio à amamentação e alimentação complementar saudável. Conclusão: A colaboração para o Sistema Único de Saúde, por meio de atendimentos de mães e famílias com dúvidas e preocupações nas temáticas referidas, da formação de profissionais e do desenvolvimento de pesquisas correlatas, bem como a oportunidade do estabelecimento de parceria com demais países membros da Comunidade de Países de Língua Portuguesa, vem orientando as atividades do Grupo Mulheres Apoiando Mulheres na Amamentação, que contribuem para a formação de hábitos alimentares saudáveis e, consequentemente, para a melhoria da qualidade de vida.
A produção científica em Educação Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) e o Marco de Referência de EAN para as Políticas Públicas: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Gonzalez Ana Beatriz , Albuquerque Joverlany Pessoa de , Oliveira Julicristie Machado de
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão de escopo foi caracterizar e analisar a produção científica em Educação Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) após a publicação do Marco de Referência de EAN para as Políticas Públicas em 2012. Método: Fez-se a busca sistemática nas bases de dados Lilacs, PubMed e Embase. Foram considerados elegíveis os estudos realizados no Brasil, publicados a partir dezembro de 2012, que abordaram a EAN, Educação Nutricional e/ou Educação Alimentar. Resultados: Foram identificados 611 estudos e 57 foram selecionados. Após caracterização e análise, constatou-se a reduzida utilização do Marco como referencial metodológico; em contrapartida, os estudos que o consideraram apresentaram abordagens ativas e reflexivas. Conclusão: Recomenda-se que estudos em EAN sejam delineados e instruídos em documentos que traduzam os avanços teóricos no campo, como o referido Marco.
Escala preditora de adesão à dietoterapia em doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (EPAD-DCNT): desenvolvimento e validação
Authors: Oliveira Porto Mayanne Iamara Santos de , Carvalho Sampaio Helena Alves de , Kubica Aldona , Buszko Katarzyna , Almeida Luíza de Carvalho , Bezerra Valéria Mendes , Carioca Antônio Augusto Ferreira
Published: September 2024

Introdução: As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis têm alta prevalência e importância em saúde pública. A terapêutica dietética é um componente importante da abordagem terapêutica global destas doenças. No entanto, há baixa adesão no médio e longo prazo, e se faz necessário desenvolver e validar instrumentos voltados para verificar a adesão às orientações dietoterápicas. Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar uma escala para verificar precocemente comportamento de pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis para adesão à terapia dietética recomendada, a Escala Preditora de Adesão à Dietoterapia em Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (EPAD-DCNT). Métodos: Trata-se de um artigo original, de desenvolvimento e validação de uma escala, composta por oito questões, cada uma com cinco possibilidades de respostas, baseadas em escala do tipo Likert, com os extremos significando a melhor e a pior adesão. A validação da etapa teórica compreendeu a análise de conteúdo por oito juízes especialistas na área do constructo e uma aplicação piloto em sujeitos da população-alvo para análise semântica. Resultados: A escala apresentou alta confiabilidade e validade (coeficiente α de Cronbach de 0,731; ômega de McDonalds = 0,73; determinante da matriz de correlação de 0,235, KMO de 0,744 e o teste de esfericidade de Bartlett significante, com p < 0,001) para prever comportamentos de baixa adesão. Conclusões: A escala demonstrou ser viável para utilização como uma ferramenta de triagem rápida e simplificada para identificar comportamentos que tendem à baixa adesão à terapia dietética recomendada para portadores de DCNT, particularmente HAS e DM2, permitindo aprimorar as ações de orientação dietética para esse grupo.
Aplicação do ciclo PDCA no controle de qualidade higiênico-sanitária de um serviço de alimentação em uma instituição assistencial para crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Benevenutti Pereira Flain Nathalia , Pacheco Rodrigues Luciele , Couto Pereira Marina , Barth Dal Osto Natiele , Strasburg Virgílio José , De Moura Fernanda Aline , Silveira Joice Trindade
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O ciclo PDCA, cujo significado é plan, do, check, act(planejar, fazer, checar/revisar e agir), é uma ferramenta de qualidade que pode ser utilizada em diversos processos em serviços de alimentação. Objetivo: Verificar a efetividade de implementação do ciclo PDCA na qualidade higiênico-sanitária de um serviço de alimentação em um projeto social (SAPS) em uma cidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: A pesquisa foi desenvolvida através da aplicação da ferramenta ciclo PDCA. Para avaliação da qualidade higiênico-sanitária, foi utilizada a lista de verificação da Portaria SES/RS nº 78/2009, aplicada em três momentos distintos entre os meses de outubro de 2022 a maio de 2023. Os dados foram analisados em termos de frequências e realizou-se análise de variância (ANOVA) entre as aplicações. Resultados: Na primeira aplicação, foram encontrados 38,33% de adequação; na segunda, 56,67%; e na terceira, 70,83%, observando-se um crescimento total de 32,5%. Foram elaborados e implementados parcialmente cinco planos de ação –Treinamentos, Documentos, Compras, Reformas e Orçamentos–, utilizando a ferramenta 5W2H. As categorias que mais obtiveram melhoria durante o estudo foram manipuladores, de 23,08% para 53,84%; exposição ao consumo do alimento preparado, de 33,33% para 50%; e preparação do alimento, de 23,53% para 41,18%. Conclusão: No presente estudo, conclui-se que o ciclo PDCA foi eficaz para a melhoria da qualidade higiênico-sanitária do SAPS
DESTAN KAHRAMANLARININ YAŞLI ANNE VE BABADAN DOĞUMU
Authors: Yeniay Şerife
Published: September 2024

Halk anlatıları üzerinde yapılan çalışmalarda ortak unsur ve motiflerin varlığı ortaya konmuştur. Bu ortak unsurlar araştırmacılar tarafından farklı şekillerde yorumlanmış ve düzenlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada Campbell, Raglan, İbrayev ve Ülkü Kara Düzgün’ün ortaya koyduğu tipoloji çalışmaları değerlendirilmiş ve tipoloji çalışmalarında “çocuksuzluk” ve “kahramanın olağanüstü doğumu” içerisinde yer verilen kahramanın yaşlı anne ve babadan doğumunun müstakil bir şekilde değerlendirilip ortak bir motif olarak tipoloji çalışmaları içerisinde yer alabileceği Sibirya destanları ile örneklendirilerek önerilmiştir.
Enhancing Calendering Process Conditions by Blending Poly(vinyl chloride) with Polyethylene, Polypropylene and Poly(methyl methacrylate)
Authors: Toprakci Ozan , Akcay Abdullah Tayyib , Toprakci Hatice Aylin Karahan
Published: September 2024

In this study, blend films were prepared using the calendering process, with polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) melt-mixed with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) at various ratios. The process conditions, structural, thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical testing. Results indicated that PVC/PE and PVC/PP blends were immiscible, while PVC/PMMA blends were miscible. The miscibility directly enhanced the mechanical properties, with yield stress and elastic modulus of PVC/PMMA (95/5 wt%) blends improving by 29.7% and 28.8%, respectively. Calendering conditions, such as banking time and current values, improved by 2-32% for all PVC blends. The increased miscibility significantly reduced energy consumption and production time, offering a cost-effective method for calendering PVC films.
Μετοχῇ Θεότητος: Partakers of Divinity in Origen’s Contra Celsum
Authors: Zakhary Beniamin
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Origen employs the words μετοχῇ θεότητος in Contra Celsum 3.37, which could be translated as “participating in divine nature.” There are two academic perspectives on this phrase. One sees this phrase to be a deification reference to 2 Peter 1.4, and Origen is said to be the first author to use the verse’s wording to refer to followers of Christ as “partakers of the divine nature.” The other view considers this phrase a simple comment on the divine realm, reflecting the understanding of Origen regarding the divinity of angels. The paper at hand provides clarification for the phrase μετοχῇ θεότητος, positioning it in Origen’s overall understanding of deification, and challenging the two scholarly stances on this phrase. First, this paper shows that Contra Celsum 3.37 does not intend to reference 2 Peter 1.4, but likely signals completely different biblical references. Second, the paper examines the language and context of Origen’s statement to show that this phrase is not only a comment on the divinity of angels, but also reflects Origen’s thoughts on human deification. In doing so, this paper analyzes Origen’s terminology and his philosophical approach towards human theosis in order to propose an answer to the questions of who is deified, who is not deified, and what it means to share in divinity. Overall, it becomes clear that in addition to commenting on angels, the phrase μετοχῇ θεότητος summarizes Origen’s understanding of human deification, even if not as a reference to 2 Peter 1.4. It reflects a human-angel continuum and posits a direct human participation in God.
"Yiddishists for Palestine": Diasporism and Solidarity through Twenty-First Century Yiddish Song
Authors: Frey Isabel , Lang/Levitsky Rosza Daniel
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: As many young Jews grow increasingly alienated from Zionist narratives, some have found a space for expressions of diasporism and solidarity with Palestinians in the international Yiddishist music scene. This article examines four twenty-first century Yiddish songs that refer to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and express solidarity with Palestinians: "Ver Tantzt" by Black Ox Orkestar, "Dumai" by Daniel Kahn, "A shtik fun harts" by Josh Waletzky and Michael Winograd, and "Qibya" by Koyt far dayn fardakht. These songs were compiled by the authors as part of the group "Yiddishist with Palestine," an online gathering of Yiddishist activists that started during the 2021 Gaza war, discussing strategies for expressing solidarity with Palestinians in Yiddishist communal spaces. Through textual, contextual, and musical analysis, and drawing on theories of diaspora and diasporism, the article explores the various ways these songs express Jewish solidarity with Palestinians.
Protecting the Deli: Jewish Nostalgia and Social Justice in E. Lockhart's Whistle: A New Gotham City Hero
Authors: Hillman Brian
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: In this article, I analyze E. Lockhart's comic Whistle: A New Gotham City Hero (Burbank, CA: DC Comics, 2021) as a distinctively American Jewish text. I argue that Whistle draws upon nostalgia for an imagined Jewish past by creating an alternative present infused with the material culture of American Jewishness. In so doing, I show how the comic develops features of mainstream American Jewishness—such as eating at Jewish delis, holding a nostalgic attachment to American Jewish history, and working for social justice—in the construction of a superhero narrative. I explore how Whistle's visual depiction of Jewish food and space construct an authentically Jewish environment. Lastly, I suggest that, as a superhero comic book written for teenage readers, Whistle promotes nostalgia and the pursuit of social justice as components of American Jewishness.
"But Always My Thoughts Stay with Me, My Own Way": Intellectual and Creative Claims of Sovereignty by Indian Boarding School Students in The Colored Land : A Navajo Indian Book, Written and Illustrated by Navajo Children (1937)
Authors: Berglund Jeff
Published: September 2024

Abstract: In 1937, Ruth K. Brandt, Supervisor of Elementary Education, in the federal Office of Indian Affairs, edited and published The Colored Land: A Navajo Indian Book, Written and Illustrated by Navajo Children with Scribner's Sons. Diné elementary school students from the Tohatchi Boarding School in New Mexico were the featured writers of much of the text with supporting illustrations composed by students from the Santa Fe Indian School. It was presented by its editors as evidence of the government's successful approach to assimilation through education. Situating their work within frameworks offered by contemporary Diné poets, I argue that these young children resisted acculturation and assimilationist efforts in the Reorganization Era by maintaining cultural values and traditions and even, in a few cases, issuing challenges to Western epistemologies and educational regimes. This early collection of published creative work by Diné writers and artists features undercurrents of resistance alongside literary and intellectual claims of sovereignty.
Validated UV-C bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurements with a spectrophotometer directional reflectance module
Authors: Goldfain Aaron M. , Waters Grace E. , Davis Lynn , Patrick Heather J. , Germer Thomas A.
Published: September 2024

The efficacy and safety of UV disinfection systems depend on the
radiant flux throughout the space being disinfected, which in turn
depends on the directional reflectance of materials located within the
space. Little publicly available data exists on the directional
reflectance of common materials in the germicidal UV spectral range,
220–280 nm. We present methods to validate directional
reflectance (bidirectional reflectance distribution function)
measurements performed with a spectrophotometer and provide
measurement results for materials commonly found in public spaces. The
data presented may lead to improved models of UV disinfection efficacy
and safety, and the methods described will enable other researchers to
readily collect traceable UV directional reflectance data.
Fluorescence super-resolution microscopy via fluctuation-based multi-route synergy
Authors: Zeng Zhiping , Xu Biqing , Qiu Jin , Chen Xinyi , Huang Yantang , Xu Canhua
Published: September 2024

Fluorescence fluctuation-based super-resolution microscopy (FF-SRM) is an economical and widely applicable technique that significantly enhances the spatial resolution of fluorescence imaging by capitalizing on fluorescence intermittency. However, each variant of FF-SRM imaging has inherent limitations. This study proposes a super-resolution reconstruction strategy (synSRM) by synergizing multiple variants of the FF-SRM approach to address the limitations and achieve high-quality and high-resolution imaging. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that, compared to images reconstructed using single FF-SRM algorithms, by selecting suitable synSRM routes according to various imaging conditions, further improvements of the spatial resolution and image reconstruction quality can be obtained for super-resolution fluorescence imaging.
Development of new real-time PCR assays for detection and species differentiation of Plasmodium ovale
Authors: He Wenqiao , Sendor Rachel , Potlapalli Varun R. , Kashamuka Melchior M. , Tshefu Antoinette K. , Phanzu Fernandine , Kalonji Albert , Ngasala Billy , Thwai Kyaw Lay , Juliano Jonathan J. , Lin Jessica T. , Parr Jonathan B.
Published: September 2024

Background

The parasite species Plasmodium ovalecurtisi (P. ovalecurtisi) and Plasmodium ovalewallikeri (P. ovalewallikeri), formerly known as Plasmodium ovale, are endemic across multiple African countries. These species are thought to differ in clinical symptomatology and latency, but only a small number of existing diagnostic assays can detect and distinguish them. In this study, we sought to develop new assays for the detection and differentiation of P. ovalecurtisi and P. ovalewallikeri by leveraging recently published whole-genome sequences for both species.

Methods

Repetitive sequence motifs were identified in available P. ovalecurtisi and P. ovalewallikeri genomes and used for assay development and validation. We evaluated the analytical sensitivity of the best-performing singleplex and duplex assays using synthetic plasmids. We then evaluated the specificity of the duplex assay using a panel of samples from Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and validated its performance using 55 P. ovale samples and 40 non-ovale Plasmodium samples from the DRC.

Results

The best-performing P. ovalecurtisi and P. ovalewallikeri targets had 9 and 8 copies within the reference genomes, respectively. The P. ovalecurtisi assay had high sensitivity with a 95% confidence lower limit of detection (LOD) of 3.6 parasite genome equivalents/μl, while the P. ovalewallikeri assay had a 95% confidence LOD of 25.9 parasite genome equivalents/μl. A duplex assay targeting both species had 100% specificity and 95% confidence LOD of 4.2 and 41.2 parasite genome equivalents/μl for P. ovalecurtisi and P. ovalewallikeri, respectively.

Conclusions

We identified promising multi-copy targets for molecular detection and differentiation of P. ovalecurtisi and P. ovalewallikeri and used them to develop real-time PCR assays. The best performing P. ovalecurtisi assay performed well in singleplex and duplex formats, while the P. ovalewallikeri assay did not reliably detect low-density infections in either format. These assays have potential use for high-throughput identification of P. ovalecurtisi, or for identification of higher density P. ovalecurtisi or P. ovalewallikeri infections that are amenable to downstream next-generation sequencing.