bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinación de acido nítrico y nitratos en partículas atmosféricas
Authors: Falcón Y. I. , Meza J. E. , Larson T. V.
Published: May 2021

Se realizaron muestreos simultáneos de ácido nítrico y nitratos en forma de partículas en las instalaciones de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana de Azcapotzalco. El método de muestreo empleado fue el Denuder Difference Experiment (D.D.E.), que es un método diferencial relativamente simple y evita pérdidas de nitratos en forma de partículas, causadas por reacciones originadas sobre el medio filtrante. Los valores para las muestras colectadas en muestreos diarios de 7 h estuvieron entre 1.81- 14.7 mg/m3 para nitratos totales. Se desarrolló una modificación del método analítico para la determinación de ácido nítrico y nitratos en partículas. Las extracciones de los filtros se hicieron de acuerdo con el método publicado por Shaw et al., y el análisis final fue modificado empleando el método de reducción-diazotación del Texas Air Control Board.
New formulae for linear travel time inversion in 2-d heterogeneous media. Theory and results
Authors: Madrid J. A.
Published: May 2021

Se desarrollan fórmulas para el cálculo de residuos de tiempo de recorrido y derivadas parciales con respecto a la velocidad de propagación de onda definida en un punto, para modelos de la Tierra en dos dimensiones. Las derivadas están completamente determinadas por las trayectorias (rayos). Los residuos del tiempo de recorrido son tan exactos como los tiempos observados y no es necesario resolver el problema típico de extremos fijos. Se introduce un nuevo tipo de inversión que actúa directamente sobre las líneas de igual velocidad haciendo posible la inspección visual inmediata de los resultados obtenidos durante una interacción. Se usaron datos sintéticos correspondientes a varios modelos para probar la validez de las fórmulas desarrolladas, con excelentes resultados. La forma de tratar un problema particular depende tanto de los datos disponibles como de la estructura buscada.
Two dimensional finite difference simulation of magnetotelluric and magnetic variation soundings when the source field is considered
Authors: Alvárez L. J.
Published: May 2021

Se describe un algoritmo de diferencias finitas en dos dimensiones para simular sondeos magnetotelúricos (MT) y de variaciones magnéticas (VM). Este algoritmo fue desarrollado con el objeto de comparar estudios de resistividad aparente realizados con uno y otro método. Se considera una fuente de campo con geometría finita. Se presentan resultados de una simulación de este tipo de sondeos en Islandia para ilustrar las aplicaciones de este algoritmo.
Sulfatos y nitratos en partículas atmosféricas y su relación con algunos parámetros ópticos
Authors: Salazar S. , Bravo J. L.
Published: May 2021

En el presente trabajo se determinan concentraciones aproximadas de sulfatos y nitratos en aerosol atmosférico y se obtiene la relación de éstos con la visibilidad y turbiedad en la región visible y ultravioleta del espectro. Los resultados muestran que existe una alta correlación de estos radicales con los parámetros de turbiedad. Además, mediante el ajuste de una ecuación lineal de variable múltiple y conociendo las concentraciones de S04= y N03-, es posible estimar las medias diarias de la visibilidad y el coeficiente de turbiedad de Ángstrom. De los parámetros ópticos estudiados en este trabajo, los nitratos juegan un papel más importante que los sulfatos, no obstante que el contenido de sulfatos es mayor que el de nitratos.
Evidences of the existence of an abnormal seismic signal attenuation in Southern Mexico
Authors: Yamamoto Jaime
Published: May 2021

El análisis de temblores ocurridos en la costa de Chiapas, Mexico, indica que existe una fuerte atenuación de las señales sismicas (ondas P) en un cierto rango de distancias y azimuts, esto se observa especialmente en las estaciones sismológicas localizadas en el este de Norteamérica. En el presente trabajo se discuten tres posibles explicaciones del origen de este fenómeno, basadas en nuestras observaciones y otros estudios.
Successful management of fetal atrial flutter at term pregnancy with postnatal electrocardioversion.
Authors: Igbokwe Nnadozie , Ibrahim Aisha Firzana , Mutalab Samy , Cleland Oonagh
Published: May 2021

Fetal Atrial flutter (AF) is an uncommon condition accounting for about
30% of all fetal tachyarrhythmias. It is associated with structural
heart anomalies and hydrops, with 10% fetal mortality rate. This case
demonstrates a successfully managed atrial flutter at term with
postnatal electrocardioversion using multidisciplinary team approach.
Left Atrial Function by Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Patients with Severe Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis and Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: MEHTA VIMAL , Chaudhari Dhanjibhai , Mehra Pratishtha , Mahajan Sudhanshu , Yusuf Jamal , Safal Safal , Kathuria Sanjeev , Mukhopadhyay Saibal
Published: May 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the left atrial (LA) function
in severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) patients using two-dimensional
speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and its correlation with
clinical symptoms and echocardiography parameters. Methods: A total of
120 subjects (80 patients with isolated severe MS [mitral valve area
(MVA) ≤1.5 cm2] in sinus rhythm and 40 healthy controls) underwent
comprehensive echocardiography including STE for assessment of LA strain
[reservoir strain (LASr), conduit strain (LAScd) and contractile
strain (LASct)]. Results: The mean MVA in cases was 0.93 ± 0.21 cm2.
The mean values of LASr (14.73 ± 8.59%), LAScd (-7.61 ± 4.47%) and
LASct (-7.16 ± 5.15%) among cases were significantly less (p<
0.001) when compared to controls where the values were 44.11 ± 10.44%,
-32.45 ± 7.63%, -11.85 ± 6.77% respectively. Thus the compensatory LA
contractile function was also compromised. The New York Heart
Association (NYHA) class III, II and I dyspnea was present in 37
(46.25%), 38 (47.5%) and 5 (6.25%) subjects respectively. All the
three LA strain parameters showed a trend towards decline with increase
in severity of MS, increase in LA size, increase in mean and peak
diastolic transmitral gradients and with higher NYHA functional class.
Conclusion: Left atrial dysfunction is common in severe rheumatic MS as
suggested by severely reduced LA reservoir, conduit and contractile
strain. Early and timely intervention in these patients irrespective of
NYHA functional class is advocated as it may likely improve the LA
function and avoid clinical deterioration.
Comparison of well-posedness criteria of two-fluid models for numerical simulation of gas-liquid two-phase flows in vertical pipes
Authors: Naghibi Falahati , Shokri Vahid , Majidian Alireza
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the present study is to compare the well-posedness criteria of the free-pressure two-fluid model, single-pressure two-fluid model, and two-pressure two-fluid model in a vertical pipe. Two-fluid models were solved using the conservative shock capturing method. A water faucet case is used to compare two-fluid models. The free pressure two-fluid model can accurately predict discontinuities in the solution field if the problem's initial condition satisfies the Kelvin Helmholtz instability conditions. The single-pressure two-fluid model can accurately predict the behavior of flows in which the two phases are poorly coupled. The two-pressure two-fluid model is an unconditionally well-posed one. If in the free-pressure two-fluid model and single-pressure two-fluid model, the range of velocity difference of two phases exceeds certain limits, the models will be ill-posed. The two-pressure two-fluid model produces more numerical diffusion than the free-pressure two-fluid and single-pressure two-fluid models in the solution field. High numerical diffusion of two-pressure two-fluid models leads to failure to better comply with the problem's analytical solution. Results show that a single-pressure model is a powerful model for numerical modeling of gas-liquid two-fluid-flows in the vertical pipe due to a broader range of well-posed than free-pressure models and less numerical diffusion than the two-pressure mode.
Evaporation characteristics and efficient working area of multi-stage high pressure and temperature reducing valve
Authors: Cao Li-Hua , Si He-Yong , Dong En-Fu , Wang Zhan-Zhou , Luo Huan-Huan , Zhou Gui-Ping , Wu Nan
Published: May 2021

A well understanding on the evaporation characteristics and efficient working area of multi-stage high pressure and temperature reducing valve (MSHPTRV) is important for improving the performance and safety of MSHPTRV. The water spraying and evaporation model are integrated into the flow model of MSHPTRV. Compared with the experimental data, the model can show the thermal process well. The flow characteristics and interaction between steam and droplets are presented. On this basis, the increase rate of entropy, Sdis, is adopted to analyze the thermodynamic loss and innovatively determine the efficient working area of MSHPTRV. The results show that the pressure reducing effect of the second orifice plate is prominent, which accounts for 41.6% of the total pressure drop. The "steam-water layer" is formed at the boundary of steam and water. At the inlet of second orifice plate, the maximum Sdis is 0.782, and the downstream of second orifice plate is the efficient working area of MSHPTRV. The length of evaporation section increases with the droplets diameter significantly.
A comparison between the presence and absence of virtual viscosity in the behaviour of the two phase flow interface
Authors: Abbaspour Iman , Shokri Vahid , Abbasi Morteza
Published: May 2021

In this paper, a numerical study is performed in order to investigate the effect of the virtual viscosity on simulation of separated two-phase flow of gas-liquid. The governing equations solved by shock capturing method which can provide predicting the interface without the flow field solving. In this work, in order to calculate the numerical flux term, first-order centered scheme (Force scheme) was applied cause of its accuracy and appropriate validation. Analysis approves that the obtained stability range of this research is consistent with the classic Kelvin- Helmholtz instability equation only for the long wavelength with small amplitude. Results reveal that when the wavelengths are reduced, the specified range is not consistent and wavelength effects on instability range and it is overpredicted. An algorithm for water faucet problem was developed in FORTRAN language. Short wavelength perturbations induce unbounded growth rates and make it impossible to achieve converging solutions. The approach taken in this article has been to adding virtual viscosity as a CFD technique, is used to remedy this deficiency.
Numerical study on flow and heat transfer performance of serpentine parallel flow channels in a high voltage heater system
Authors: Dong Fei , Wang Zhiming , Feng Yakang , Ni Jie
Published: May 2021

In this study, a high voltage heater system with a size of 310 mm ? 210 mm ? 60 mm has been numerically studied and experimentally verified to explore the influence of the cavity structure on the flow and heat transfer performance. The response surface model and analysis of variance are used to determine the influence of the length of the mainstream area of the inlet, Lin, the length of the mainstream area of the outlet, Lout, the length of the parallel flow channel, Lch, and the single channel width, W, on the flow heat transfer, and ultimately find the best structural plan. The results show that the structural parameters of the parallel flow channel are significantly more important than those of the mainstream area, with the width and length of the parallel single channel being the primary and secondary structural parameters, respectively. The optimization scheme obtained by the NGSA-II algorithm can simultaneously meet the requirements of heat transfer and flow uniformity. Specifically, compared with the original model, the flow distribution uniformity coefficient, S, and the inlet/outlet pressure drop, Ptotal, decreased by 53.49% and 19.52%, respectively, while the average heat transfer coefficient increased by 28.05%.
INTEGRATION WITHOUT GENTRIFICATION
Authors: Pierce Andrew J.
Published: May 2021

Advocates for racial justice who are skeptical of racial integration frequently emphasize the disproportionate burdens that integration places on people of color, pointing, for example, to the fact that integration programs often focus on moving people of color into White communities, schools, and workplaces rather than the reverse. Despite renewed philosophical attention to the issue of racial integration, this concern about “one-way” integration has not been adequately addressed. This is surprising, since processes of gentrification have seen increasing numbers of White people moving into communities of color, reversing the mid-century trend of “White flight.” In this paper, I argue that, despite serious injustices associated with gentrification as it has unfolded, the trend holds some promise for a more equitable approach to integration, provided that it can be uncoupled from its role in initiating processes that lead to the displacement and exclusion of long-term residents. Resisting these effects, I argue, requires strong and effective democratic institutions at the city and neighborhood levels. With this in mind, I conclude with a brief review of some policy measures that might reinforce such institutions, focusing on community land trusts as a promising possibility for facilitating equitable racial integration.
Robotic Process Automation for the Extraction of Audit Information: A Use Case
Authors: Bellinga Jeroen , Bosman Tjibbe , Höcük Seyit , Janssen Wim H. P. , Khzam Alaa
Published: May 2021

The reconciliation of audit evidence to the audit subject matter is a key and recurring audit procedure. Before reconciling information, data needs to be extracted from the audit subject matter, which is often in a Portable Document Format (PDF). Reconciliations are a recurring task for every new version of the audit subject matter. Large audit firms typically “offshore” simple and repetitive audit tasks such as reconciliations to shared service centers. Offshoring however comes at the expense of coordination costs, delays in the process, and challenges regarding the liability risk to the auditor. This paper presents an open-source algorithm to extract data from (draft) annual reports (PDF files) using Python to automate, rather than outsource, the data extraction for reconciliations. The algorithm resulted in a significant time saving for the audit of a large Dutch asset management firm. Researchers apply the algorithm to minimize hand-collection of financial statement data.

Data Availability: The algorithm this paper presents is open-source and publicly available.

JEL Classifications: M42; G23; G29.
Tribbles Homolog 3 Mediates the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Pitale Priyamvada M. , Saltykova Irina V. , Adu-Agyeiwaah Yvonne , Calzi Sergio Li , Satoh Takashi , Akira Shizuo , Gorbatyuk Oleg , Boulton Michael E. , Pardue Machelle T. , Garvey W. Timothy , Athar Mohammad , Grant Maria B. , Gorbatyuk Marina S.
Published: May 2021

The current
understanding of molecular pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy does not
provide a mechanistic link between early molecular changes and the subsequent
progression of the disease. In this study, we found that human diabetic retinas
overexpressed TRIB3 and investigated the role of TRIB3 in diabetic retinal pathobiology
in mice. We discovered that TRIB3 controlled major molecular events in early
diabetic retinas via HIF1α-mediated regulation of retinal glucose flux,
reprograming cellular metabolism, and governing inflammatory gene expression.
These early molecular events further defined the development of neurovascular
deficit observed in mice with diabetic retinopathy. TRIB3 ablation in
STZ-induced mouse model led to significant RGC survival and functional
restoration accompanied by a dramatic reduction in pericyte loss and acellular
capillary formation. Under hypoxic conditions, TRIB3 contributed to advanced
proliferative stages by significant upregulation of GFAP and VEGF expression,
thus controlling gliosis and aberrant vascularization in OIR mouse retinas. Overall,
our data reveal that TRIB3 is a master regulator of diabetic retinal
pathophysiology that may accelerate the onset and progression of diabetic
retinopathy to proliferative stages in humans and present TRIB3 as a
potentially novel therapeutic target for diabetic retinopathy.
Profesjonelle fellesskap på ungdomstrinnet som del av skolens utvikling
Authors: Carlsten Tone Cecilie , Throndsen Inger , Björnsson Julius K.
Published: May 2021

Professional communities at the lower secondary level as part of the school’s development

This chapter invites to a discussion of how TALIS 2018 data about professional communities relates to recent policy development aimed at school development. Teacher collaboration is considered a central resource in the individual school’s organization, and exchange of experience with colleagues is often highlighted when teachers are asked about their most important source of learning and development. Policy development in Norway has aimed at strengthening professional collaboration for quality development of schools, especially at the lower secondary level. The chapter highlights some results from TALIS 2018 that show how teachers at the lower secondary level collaborate and how school leaders provide feedback and assessments to support and facilitate the teachers’ further professional development by asking what the characteristics of collaboration at the lower secondary level are; and what kind of measures school leaders are implementing to support teachers who need follow-up. Answers to these questions are compared to Norwegian findings from TALIS 2008 and TALIS 2013.
Sentido de vida: una herramienta en la formación de estudiantes universitarios en el sureste de México
Authors: Chan Chi Gladis Ivette
Published: May 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo diagnosticar el sentido de vida de estudiantes de nuevo ingreso a un campus de ciencias sociales, económico-administrativas y humanidades de una universidad pública en el sureste de México, a fin de desarrollar estrategias que promuevan la atención del sentido de vida: una herramienta útil en la formación de los alumnos, puesto que favorece el desarrollo de las potencialidades, el establecimiento de metas, la satisfacción en las actividades académicas, profesionales y personales, al mismo tiempo que apoya la adaptación y trayectoria escolar de los educandos. Este estudio se desarrolló desde un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo y diseño no experimental. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia de sujetos voluntarios, por lo que la muestra estuvo conformada de 551 educandos, a quienes se les administró el Purpose in Life Test (PIL) en su versión en español. Los resultados mostraron que 51.5 % (284) presentaba incertidumbre y vacío existencial y solo 48.5 % (267) sentido de vida. Por otro lado, no se encontraron diferencias significativas por programa educativo, por sexo y por edad, lo que indicaba que dichas variables resultaron no ser predictoras de la presencia de sentido de vida en los estudiantes. A partir de los resultados fue posible diseñar una intervención educativa como estrategia enfocada en la promoción de la búsqueda y fortalecimiento del sentido de vida de los universitarios, con el objetivo de favorecer su adaptación al contexto universitario, contribuir en su formación y apoyarlos en el establecimiento de metas académicas y personales.
Sustainable Adsorption Removal of Nickel and Chromium on Eco-Friendly Industrial Waste: Equilibrium Study
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, El-Minia University P.O. Box 61511, Egypt, Magdy Yehia H. , Altaher Hossam ,   Sustainable Solution Group, Al-Sharq, Ahmed Al-Jaber St., Al-Dira Tower, P.O. Box 17886, Khalidiyah 72459, Kuwait, Yaqout Anwar F. Al ,   Civil Engineering Department, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
Published: May 2021

Adsorption of nickel and chromium was investigated using fuller’s earth. The experimental data were analyzed using five 2-parameter adsorption models and three 3-parameter models. The maximum adsorption capacities for nickel and chromium were 769 and 556 mg/g, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model was found to have the best fitting indicating monolayer adsorption. The adsorption was found to have an exothermic nature.
Resistance of Polylactide Materials to Water Mediums of the Various Natures
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013Lviv, Ukraine, Levytskyi Volodymyr ,   The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 14, Al. Racławickie, 20-950 Lublin, Poland, Katruk Diana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013Lviv, Ukraine, Masyuk Andriy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013Lviv, Ukraine, Kysil Khrystyna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013Lviv, Ukraine, Bratychak Jr. Mykhailo ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013Lviv, Ukraine, Chopyk Nataliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, Bandera str., 79013Lviv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

The influence of talc filler, its content, as well as an additional heat treatment and temperature on the regularities of polylactide materials water-absorption has been researched. Based on the obtained data, the water diffusion coefficient in polylactide materials and the activation energy of the diffusion process were determined. It was found that the process of water absorption by the filled and heat-treated materials based on polylactide proceeds slower and requires more activation energy of the process. Stability of the developed polylactide materials to acidic and alkaline media has been determined, in particular, it was found that the destruction of polylactide samples occurs faster in an alkaline medium than in an acidic one
Solid Polymer Electrolyte Membranes on the Basis of Fluorosiloxane Matrix
Authors:   Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 1, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia, Mukbaniani Omari ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 13, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia, Aneli Jimsher ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 13, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia, Tatrishvili Tamara ,   Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 1, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 13, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia, Markarashvili Eliza ,   Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 1, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 13, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
Published: May 2021

Hydrosilylation reactions of 2,4,6,8-tetrahydro-2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4H) with 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl acrylate at 1:4.2 ratio of initial compounds catalysed by platinum catalysts have been studied and corresponding adduct D4R' has been obtained. Ring opening polymerization of D4R in the presence of dry potassium hydroxide has been carried out and comb-type polymers with 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl propionate side groups have been obtained. The synthesized product D4R and polymers were analyzed by FTIR, 1H, 13C, and 29Si NMR spectroscopy. The solid polymer electrolyte membranes have been obtained via sol-gel reactions of polymers with tetraethoxysilane doped with lithium trifluoromethylsulfonate (triflat) and lithium bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide. It has been found that the electric conductivity of the polymer electrolyte membranes at room temperature changes in the range of (1.9•10-6) – (5.9•10-10) S•cm-1.
Antibacterial Cellulose Acetate Microfibers Containing Pyridine Derivative Complexes
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, TR 18100, Çankırı, Turkey, Demirdogen Ruken Esra , Yeşilkaynak Tuncay ,   Afsin Vocational School, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, TR 46500, Kahramanmaras, Turkey, Tishakova Tetyana ,   Medical and Biorganic Chemistry Department, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Emen Fatih Mehmet ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts&Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, TR 15100, Burdur, Turkey
Published: May 2021

Pyridine (L1) and 2,4-dimethylpyridine (L2) halide complexes of the type of [ML2X2] were prepared and characterized via FT-IR and 1H NMR. The CA microfibers containing complexes were electrospun and investigated via FT-IR. The morphologies of the microfibers were investigated via FE-SEM. Antibacterial activities of the complexes and the fibers were investigated.
Influence of Extraction Conditions on Qualitative Composition of Vegetable Oils
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Ivashchuk Oleksandr , Hlukhaniuk Anna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Semenyshyn Yevgen ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Chyzhovych Roman ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Kuzminchuk Tetiana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Khomyak Semen ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

The influence of the production conditions for rapeseed and soybean oils obtained by extraction in the system “solid – liquid” on the qualitative composition of the obtained vegetable oils has been studied. The main chemical values (acid value, iodine value, ester value, saponification value) and optical properties (refractometric refractive index and UV-Vis spectroscopy) for rapeseed and soybean oils obtained by extraction using methylene chloride as a solvent from different plant raw materials (grade of grinding is 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mm) and mixtures of crushed grain fractions have been determined. It has been shown that the grade of grinding of the raw material affects the quality of the obtained product.
Integrated Regeneration Method for Used Mineral Motor Oils
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Korchak Bohdan , Grynyshyn Oleg ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Chervinskyy Taras ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Nagurskyy Andriy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Stadnik Vitalii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

The scheme of the integrated regeneration method for used mineral motor oils (UMMO) has been developed, according to which M-10DM and NORMAL 15W40 used oils were regenerated. A study on changes in physico-chemical properties, qualitative and elemental composition was carried out, and a mathematical model of the process was built. The further applications of the obtained products were proposed. Based on the obtained results, the technological scheme and flow chart of UMMO integrated regeneration were developed, and the process material balance was calculated.
Ceramic Protective Coatings for Cordierite-Mullite Refractory Materials
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Vakhula Orest , Pona Myron ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Solokha Ivan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Koziy Oksana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Petruk Maria ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

The issue of cordierite-mullite refractories protection from the influence of aggressive factors is considered. The interaction between the components of protective coatings has been studied. It has been investigated that in the systems based on poly(methylphenylsiloxane) filled with magnesium oxide, alumina and quartz sand, the synthesis of cordierite (2MgO•2Al2O3•5SiO2), mullite (3Al2O3•2SiO2) or magnesium aluminate spinel (MgO•Al2O3) is possible. The basic composition of the protective coating, which can be recommended for the protection of cordierite-mullite refractory, is proposed.
A Binary Liquid Mixture of Bioethanol-Water and Biodiesel-Water as Fuel for NSDC-LNSDCNSDC-L Direct Ethanol-Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Authors:   Research Group of Solid State Chemistry & Catalysis, Chemistry Department, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Kentingan Surakarta 57126, Indonesia, Rahmawati Fitria , Parameswari Arum Putri ,   Research Group of Solid State Chemistry & Catalysis, Chemistry Department, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Kentingan Surakarta 57126, Indonesia
Published: May 2021

This research studies the possibility on using a binary liquid mixture of bioethanol-water and biodiesel-water as fuel for a NSDC-LNSDCNSDC-L single fuel cell. The ratio of bioethanol-water was 70:30, as well as the ratio of biodiesel-water. The fuel vapor flowed into the fuel cell system under the temperatures of 673, 773 and 873 K with a flow rate of 1–1.5 ml•min-1. The highest power densities were found at 673 K which are 2.984 and 1.838 mW•cm-2 for bioethanol-water and biodiesel-water, respectively. It is a promising result for a single fuel cell test with a very low rate of liquid fuel flow. Meanwhile, open circuit voltage (OCV) of the single fuel cell with bioethanol-water fuel is 1.439 V which is close to the theoretical OCV. However, OCV of the single fuel cell with biodiesel-water as fuel is 0.710 V which is lower than the theoretical OCV. Cell polarization seems still being the problem causing voltage loss during single fuel cell test.
Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution by Ceramsite Prepared from Isfahan Bentonite and γ-Alumina
Authors:   Ceramics Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box 31787-316, Karaj, Iran, Mobasherpour Iman , Javaherai Masomeh ,   Ceramics Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box 31787-316, Karaj, Iran, Salahi Esmail ,   Ceramics Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box 31787-316, Karaj, Iran, Ebrahimi Mohsen ,   Ceramics Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box 31787-316, Karaj, Iran,   College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159, LongpanRoad, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu, China, Ashrafi Zahra ,   Ceramics Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box 31787-316, Karaj, Iran, Orooji Yasin ,   College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159, LongpanRoad, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu, China
Published: May 2021

Removal of lead from aqueous solutions was studied using nanocomposite absorbent of bentonite/-alumina. The novel absorbent was characterized using XRD, FT-IR and SEM-EDX. Absorption process optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) and experimental design was performed with central composite design technique. The effects of Pb(II) initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, and composite percentage on Pb(II) removal percentage and adsorption capacity were examined. The adsorption capacity of 166.559 mg/g and removal % of 82.9887 with desirability equal to 0.763 were obtained for optimal initial concentration of 200 mg•l-1, adsorbent dosage of 0.5 mg•l-1, and composite percentage of 7.08 % determined using RSM design. The equilibrium adsorption data were investigated by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. It was found that Freundlich isotherm model fits better compared with other models.
Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 1. Effect of Solvent Nature on the Properties of Petroleum Residues Modified with Folmaldehyde
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Bratychak Michael , Gunka Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Prysiazhnyi Yuriy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Hrynchuk Yurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Sidun Iurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Demchuk Yuriy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Shyshchak Olena ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

The possibility of petroleum residues (tar and oxidized bitumen) modification with formaldehyde (37 % aqueous solution) has been studied at the temperature of 393±3 K for 3 h in the presence of organic solvent and using hydrochloric acid as a catalyst. Toluene, p-xylene, naphta solvent and n-octane were used as the solvents in the amount of 0–40 wt % relative to the initial material. By means of IR spectroscopy the resin-like compounds affecting the operational properties of petroleum residues have been detected. These compounds are formed as a result of formaldehyde reaction with residue components and solvent molecules.
Ultrasonic Cavitation in Wastewater Treatment from Azo Dye Methyl Orange
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Sukhatskiy Yurii , Znak Zenovii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Zin Olha ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Chupinskyi Dmytro ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

The work is devoted to the study of reagent treatment of methyl orange mono azo dye under the action of acoustic vibrations of the ultrasonic range. The positive effect of cavitation phenomena on the rate of mineralization of azo dye (13.4% increase) was compared with the reagent treatment of the solution without ultrasonic vibrations. On the basis of the analyzed information sources and experimental results, a schematic technological scheme of cavitation-reagent mineralization of methyl orange was developed, the main apparatus of which is a hydrodynamic jet cavitator (scaling for industry).
Effect of Borosilicate Glass Wastes and Synthetic Silica on Cement Products Properties
Authors:   Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry, 17, Lukasiewicza St., 09-400 Plock, Poland, Kotsay Galyna , Brzóska Aleksandra ,   Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry, 17, Lukasiewicza St., 09-400 Plock, Poland
Published: May 2021

This paper presents the findings of research study on the effect of borosilicate glass wastes on properties of cement paste and mortar. The borosilicate glass contains three times less alkali than soda-lime glass and about 12 % of boron oxide, so pozzolanic activity of borosilicate glass is three times higher compared to soda-lime glass. In order to increase the pozzolanic activity of glass precipitated synthetic silica was used. Mathematical models were used in order to test the effect of synthetic silica on pozzolanic activity of borosilicate glass. Test results indicate that replacement of 1 % of borosilicate glass by synthetic silica increased the pozzolanic activity up to 9.4 mg CaO/g of additive. By adding 5 % of borosilicate glass instead of cement, the standard compressive strength is reduced by about 20 %. However, complex additive of borosilicate glass (2–5 %) and synthetic silica (0.5 %) increased initial compressive strength of cement mortars to 10 %.
How to Stimulate Student's Critical Thinking Skill on Learning Electrical Conversion Energy?
Authors: Suyanto Eko , Wijaya Karina , Maulina Hervin , Andra Doni
Published: May 2021

One alternative for students to actively participate in education is to teach material through a practicum with a thermal-electric energy conversion tool equipped with Student Worksheet (SW). This matter shows that SW is a crucial subject to develop. This research aims to develop SW to stimulate students' critical thinking skills in the heat-electric energy conversion material. The research design used is ADDIE. The validity test instrument measures the validity of the SW by the expert and the small group test. The validity test results and the small group test show that the developed SW is valid and able to stimulate critical thinking skills so that the resulting SW is suitable to be used as an alternative moderate in learning material for thermal-electric energy conversion.
Ethnic Discrimination in The Bluest Eye
Authors: Dahiya Anisha
Published: May 2021

Ethnicity is one of the most debatable topics in contemporary times. Human culture is divided along ethnic and national lines. Ethnicity and Race function as most powerful language of human difference and human community. An ethnic group that is dominant often tends to make its own culture specific traits normative in that society. The Bluest Eye is one of the landmark novels of Toni Morrison in which the markings of ethnicity play a great role. The aim of this paper is to explore the traces of ethnic discrimination of the African Americans at the hands of dominant White Americans in the novel The Bluest Eye.  It illustrates how ethnic stereotypes propagated by White Americans for their selfish purposes victimised the black people at that time. Particular emphasis is given on the psychological effects of the oppressive environment on the protagonist Pecola. Morrison portrays Pecola as a marginalized and oppressed character who yearns to have blue eyes to have a respectable position in the community.
Notas para una memoria histórica sobre las infancias producidas por el conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Bácares Jara Camilo
Published: May 2021

La infancia es un hecho social y por este principio no se reduce a una única expresión. En Colombia, las investigaciones de la memoria histórica han omitido esta concepción sociológica al resumir la interacción de la guerra y la infancia al estudio del reclutamiento de menores de edad. Ante esto, este artículo invita a construir una memoria histórica de las infancias olvidadas y desprovistas de existencia en la narración del conflicto armado. Para tal fin, propone empezar por cuatro infancias (la desplazada, la masacrada, la desaparecida y la violentada sexualmente), tomando en cuenta algunas herramientas metodológicas e interpretativas para abordarlas.
La disputa por lo visible y lo recordable
Authors: Capasso Verónica
Published: May 2021

El asesinato de George Floyd en Minneapolis (Estados Unidos) ha desatado múltiples manifestaciones sociales antirracistas en distintos países del mundo, las cuales han adquirido diferentes formatos: marchas, disturbios, pintadas callejeras, militancia hashtag a partir del lema #BlackLiveMatters y el accionar contra diferentes estatuas de personajes históricos polémicos. Dichos monumentos, conmemoraciones a, principalmente, esclavistas y colonizadores, han sido pintados, mutilados o derribados en señal de protesta, pero también como un modo de disputa por los sentidos y las memorias legitimadas en el espacio público, que, además, tiene como antecedente las manifestaciones en Chile a fines de 2019.
Un testimonio multigeneracional: La traducción, una herramienta más contra el genocidio. Selección de poemas de Ruth Irupé Sanabria
Authors: Partnoy Alicia
Published: May 2021

Presentación de la poeta Ruth Irupé Sanabria, selección de poemas y traducción a cargo de su madre, la escritora Alicia Partnoy.
Disputas pela (des)estabilização do regime cisheteronormativo na Educação Física escolar
Authors: Santos Ana Paula Da Silva , Brito Leandro Teofilo de
Published: May 2021

Como recorte de uma pesquisa-ação que tensionou questões de gênero nas aulas de Educação Física, buscamos, neste artigo, problematizar como meninos e meninas enunciam sentidos de reprodução e desestabilização do regime cisheteronormativo presentes nas práticas pedagógicas da Educação Física escolar. Para isso, propomos a interlocução dos estudos de gênero e feministas pós-estruturalistas com a perspectiva intercultural crítica por autoras/es como como Judith Butler, Paul B. Preciado, Vera Candau e Marcos Neira, e operacionalizamos dois grupos de discussão, conforme a proposta de Wivian Weller, no início e ao final da pesquisa, com meninos e meninas estudantes do ensino fundamental. Entre os resultados, os discursos dos sujeitos enunciaram afetações diversas da cisheteronormatividade nas práticas da Educação Física escolar, seja pelas posições fixas para masculino e feminino nas aulas, como também das disputas pela desestabilização destes sentidos com o desenvolvimento da pesquisa.
Introducción: mujeres y poder, de la representación descriptiva a la sustantiva
Authors:   Profesora titular de Ciencia Política, Instituto de Iberoamérica, Universidad de Salamanca., García Montero Mercedes , Rivas Pérez Cristina
Published: May 2021

El análisis de la entrada de la mujer a los espacios de poder político ha derivado en la expansión de un prolífico campo de investigación que tiene diferentes vertientes, algunas de las cuales han sido ampliamente estudiadas, como el número de mujeres que ocupan cargos políticos. Sin embargo, hay otros aspectos que son más incipientes en cuanto a objeto de estudio; específicamente, nos referimos a las características y valores de las mujeres políticas, a sus carreras y trayectorias, a la incidencia e impacto que han tenido los cambios normativos en la igualdad real, así como a los cambios sustantivos que conlleva la participación de la mujer en la toma de decisiones. Unos temas que, precisamente, son los que se abordan en los artículos de este número de Revista CIDOB d’Afers Internacionals, los cuales pretenden ahondar en la interacción entre las normas, los valores y las oportunidades políticas para llegar a la igualdad de género en los espacios de toma de decisiones.
Sobre política e sua efetividade na força dos pequenos grupos
Authors: Bernardi Mariana Rocha
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo investigar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e conceitual, a atuação e o poder político efetivo dos pequenos grupos no direcionamento das decisões envolvendo o governo de um grande grupo, especificamente no sistema democrático e no contexto brasileiro.
Palavras-Chave: Política. Poder. Grupos. Democracia.
Nephrotoxicity and fungal resistance associated with Amphotericin B
Authors: Berto Caroline , Dalzochio Thaís
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Amphotericin B (AB) is the drug of choice for the treatment of several systemic fungal infections. Despite of its effectiveness and minimum relation to the resistance, AB is toxic to animal cells, in particular to the kidney cells. Objective: To address the aspects of resistance, nephrotoxicity and biomarkers available for the early detection of kidney disease caused by AB. Method: The bibliographic search was performed in online databases. Papers published between 2008-2019, were selected for further analysis and inclusion in the present review. Results: The search resulted in 42 eligible papers which the main findings were: (i) the frequency of resistance to AB appears to be substantial, however, some species should be carefully studied given their diminished susceptibility; (ii) regarding nephrotoxicity, new techniques and methods have promisingly been implemented; and (iii) a novel generation of biomarkers for kidney injury is more specific and sensitive. Conclusion: The adoption of conjugated drug delivery systems is a consistent alternative to minimize nephrotoxicity and fungal resistance. Considering the biomarkers, it is more likely that, instead of a punctual assessment of a single biomarker, a set of biomarkers provides a more thorough comprehension of the aspects related to AB-induced kidney injury. Nonetheless, more clinical studies are necessary for further implementation of such biomarkers in the clinical routine.
Keywords: Amphotericin B. Nephrotoxicity. Acute Kidney Injury. Biomarkers.
Physiological Response to Different Kata Performances
Authors: Augustovičová Dušana , Hadža Radovan , Štyriak Rastislav , Barinec Peter
Published: May 2021

During a karate competition, a competitor in the kata discipline may choose one kata of 102 katas on the list. This kata must not be repeated. Katas differ in duration, complexity, number of fast and slow techniques, which also means different intensity, physiological response of the karateka body and energy coverage.

Problems and Aim. In our study, we focused on the identification and assessment of the duration and difficulty of selected katas by monitoring the internal response of the human body (heart rate, lactate) of three top women´s Slovak national team karate competitors of kata individual categories during training and competition.

Methods. The research sample consisted of 3 karate kata athletes (age 17.3 years, body height 161.7 cm, body weight 55.7 kg), who trained kata on average 7 years. To evaluate the indicators of the internal body load in selected katas we used mean, standard deviation, min-max.

Results. The highest mean maximum heart rate values athletes had during performance kata Gojushi Ho (187 ± 8.2 bpm). The highest average heart rate values were observed during performance kata Chatanyara Kushanku (171 ± 9.9). Similarly, we found the highest mean values of blood lactate 4 minutes after performance kata Chatanyara Kushanku. (7.6 ± 2.5 mmol.l-1). The longest duration had the kata Suparinpei (204 ± 13 s). There was a significant difference in level of blood lactate reached in different katas (p ≤ 0.05) and the duration of katas.

Conclusions. The duration of 5 most common katas used at the high level competition is different (p ≤ 0.05), thus the intensity expressed by the frequency of the techniques, and heart rate and blood lactate concentration. ATP-PCr energy system seems to be the major contributor while contribution of the aerobic energy system rises with the increase in duration of kata.
How combined aerobic training and pomegranate juice intake affect lipid profile? A clinical trial in men with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nemati Sasan , Tadibi Vahid , Hoseini Rastegar
Published: May 2021

Study aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic training (AT) and pomegranate juice intake (PJI) on the lipid profile in men with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in middle-aged men (40–50 years old) with type 2 diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned into four groups: AT + PJI (n = 9); AT (n = 10); PJI (n = 9), and control (C) (n = 10). The AT program consisted of 60-75% of HRMax, 40-60 min/day, three days/wk for eight weeks. Participants in the PJI group consumed 240 ml of pomegranate juice (sugar or additive-free) daily for eight weeks. Lipid profile was measured at the beginning and end of the study. The data were analyzed through paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance, as well as Tukey’s post hoc test at the signification level of P<0.05.

Results: AT + PJI, PJI, and AT groups demonstrated significant improvements in lipid profile compared to the C group. The results show that the AT + PJI group had significantly lower TC and LDL (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively), and significantly higher HDL (p = 0.023) compared with the PJI group. There was no significant difference between AT and PJI groups. Also, TG was significantly lower in AT+ PJI compare to the C group.

Conclusions: AT + PJI is more effective than AT or PJI alone in the improvement of lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes.