bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crop Residues Stimulate Yield-Scaled Greenhouse Gas Emissions In Maize-Wheat Cropping Rotation In A Semi-Arid Climate
Authors: Mirzaei M. , Anari M. G. , Cherubin M. R. , Saronjic N. , Mousavi S. M. N. , Rooien A. , Zaman M. , Caballero-Calvo A.
Published: January 2024

Mitigating yield-scaled greenhouse gas emissions (YSE) is beneficial for enhancing crop yield, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and advancing climate-smart agronomic management practices. This study aims to evaluate the impact of different crop residue rates– 100% (R100), 50% (R50), and residue removal (R0) – on the YSE indicator within a maize-wheat cropping rotation under both conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) systems in a semi-arid region. In the NT system, crop residues had a notable effect on the YSE indicator for wheat. Specifically, R0 exhibited a 39% and 20% decrease in YSE for wheat compared to R100 and R50, respectively. Interestingly, crop residue did not significantly influence YSE for maize under the NT system. On the other hand, in the CT system, YSE for maize in R0 was 33% and 25% lower than that in R100 and R50, respectively. Additionally, compared to R0, there were observed increases of 28% and 20% in YSE for wheat in R100 and R50 under the CT system, respectively. Our findings show that crop residue removal decreases YSE under both CT and NT systems. However, given that this practice degrades soil quality and results in lower yields, it is not considered a sustainable management practice compared to residue retention options. This research highlights the importance of evaluating GHG mitigation strategies by concurrently considering both emissions and crop production. Nevertheless, it is essential to conduct off-site assessments of GHG emissions from crop residue application and also engage in long-term studies to comprehend the full potential of crop residue management on YSE.
Trends In Extreme Weather Events With Socio-Economic Damage Over The Period 1991-2019 In Russia And Its Regions
Authors: Romanovskaya A. A.
Published: January 2024

Increased number of extreme weather events is one of the most serious hazards of climate change over the territory of Russia. However, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of the number of extreme weather events that caused social and economic damage in the country and its regions. This paper analyzes changes in the total number of events with damage (meteorological for the period 1991-2019 and agrometeorological – for 2004-2019), disaggregated by their types and by regions. The Mann-Kendall test is applied to detect statistical significance (0.05 level of significance, normal distribution). The results show an increase in the number of meteorological extreme events with damage for 1990-2019 in Russia from 130 to 257 events per year on average for the 1990s and 2010s, respectively, while the proportion of events with damage in relation to the total number of extreme events decreased over this period. We found statistically significant trends only for a few types of extreme events: hot and cold temperature, strong wind, heavy rain and droughts (increase by 0.9, 9.4, 11.4, 25.9 and 13.3 events/10 years, respectively). Number of heavy rain precipitation events is the only unidirectional stable growth trend. Unusual increasing trend in cold extreme events with damage in Russia can be attributed to the greater damage to the economy and population from cold extremes than hot ones. The regional distribution of trends across the territory of the Russian Federation is heterogeneous. However, significant changes in the number of extreme events of strong winds, heavy rains and soil drought by regions are statistically positive and observed mostly in some southern and central regions of European part and the Western Siberia. The development of adaptation plans to the negative effects of climate change is a first priority for these regions. A system for monitoring economic and non-economic damage from extreme events must be developed in Russia.
Atmospheric Air Dust Concentration, Composition And Size Distribution Data At Breathing Heights In Yekaterinburg.
Authors: Subbotina I. E. , Buevich A. G. , Sergeev A. P. , Baglaeva E. M. , Shichkin A. V. , Butorova A. S.
Published: January 2024

Accurate information on air quality serves as the foundation for making regulatory and legal decisions aimed at reducing air pollution. This study investigates the vertical distribution of dust particle concentration, their elemental composition, and size distribution in the atmospheric surface layer in Yekaterinburg. Over eight days in April 2021, 64 dust samples were collected on filters at heights ranging from 0.5 m to 10 m at a single site using a mobile post. The mass concentration of the dust, characterized by heterogeneous data with a coefficient of variation exceeding 30%, exhibited a weak tendency to decrease with height. The proportion of particles smaller than 1 µm decreased with increasing altitude, except for 10 m, where their proportion increased. Conversely, the concentration of p articles ranging from one to two microns decreased closer to the surface. Dust grains of other sizes were nearly evenly distributed at various heights. Dust particles smaller than PM2.5 accounted for approximately 45% of the total particles. X-ray fluorescence analysis identified 12 elements in dust particles, with S, Ca, and Fe showing the most substantial content. The proportion of most metals and Ca in solid particles decreased with height, while the content of S and As increased. The Cu, Zn, and Sb content in dust particles remained constant at all measured heights.
Monitoring For Elemental Composition Of Particulate Matter Deposited In Snow Cover Around Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant (Karaganda, Central Kazakhstan).
Authors: Talovskaya A. V. , Adil’bayeva T. E. , Yazikov E. G.
Published: January 2024

Studies on thermal power plant areas with respect to chemical composition of particulate matter deposited in snow cover are limited. This study aims to monitor (2014–2022) particulate load and trace elements associated with the particulate matter distributed around (0.5-4.5 km) the coal-fired thermal power plant in Karaganda. In this study, snow cover was used as an effective scavenger of atmospheric pollutants. Using instrumental neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry, the content of 26 elements and Hg, respectively, was determined in the particulate phase of snow. The results showed that particulate load varied from 26 to 1751, with mean of 427 and a background of 47 mg m-2 d-1. Anthropogenic impact caused a significant increase in content of U, Hg, Ta, Zn, Na, Cr, Co, Sr, Rb, Cs, Sc, Ca, Fe, Nd, Ba (2–30 times) in the samples compared to the background. Metal-bearing phases of Zn, Ba, As, U-Ta-Nb were detected through scanning electron microscope. The highest levels of particulate load (169–1032 mg m-2 d-1) and element contents in the samples were localized up to 0.7 km from the thermal power plant. The changes of particulate load and element composition of snow deposits during the monitoring period were connected with temperature, modernization of dust-collecting equipment, composition of coal and fly ash, long-range transport of emissions from other industries. The element content and metal-bearing phases in the particulate phase of snow can be used as markers for identifying emission sources from coal combustion.
Phylogeny And Historical Biogeography Of The Order Pandanales
Authors: Zdravchev N. S. , Bobrov A. V. F. Ch. , Romanov M. S. , Lebedev L. M. , Sorokin A. N. , Timchenko A. S. , Mikhaylova A. A. , Vasekha N. D. , Kandidov M. V. , Kuptsov K. V. , Iovlev P. S.
Published: January 2024

Reconstruction of the dispersal history and formation of modern ranges of various taxa is one of the actual problems of modern biogeography. Molecular genetic biogeography based on the analysis of phylogenetic relationships of taxa of different levels began to develop actively at the end of the XX century. Currently, this method is the most objective and represents the basis for reconstruction of scenarios of the origin and dispersal of various groups of plants. Due to recent transformation of views on the phylogenetic relationships of Pandanales, the reconstruction of tracks and modes of dispersal of representatives of the order Pandanales becomes an actual task. Representatives of all 5 families of Pandanales sensu APG IV were selected for the study and two cladograms were constructed. Based on the molecular-genetic cladistic method the region of hypothetical origin and probable dispersal scenarios of the families of the order Pandanales were determined. The order Pandanales is treated as originated in Laurasia and its differentiation began on the territory of Tibet. Dispersal of the representatives of the basal family Velloziaceae took place by long-distance transport via the Bering Land Bridge to South America (approximately 115 Mya). Velloziaceae dispersed in the New World vicariously in South America, then it was distributed to sub-Atlantic Africa by long-distance transport, and finally also vicariously to the east, south and north of the continent. It is shown, that the modern range of the representatives of rest Pandanales is the result of both types of dispersal – vicariously and long-distance transport.
Modeling Sediment Production In Urban Environments: Case Of Russian Cities
Authors: Shevchenko A. V. , Seleznev A. A. , Malinovsky G. P. , Yarmoshenko I. V.
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to provide a tool to assess sediment production in an urban area. The urban environment is affected by a variety of anthropogenic and natural factors that, in particular, lead to the sediment production. The storage of sediments in the urban landscape negatively affects the quality of the urban environment. The model was developed on the basis of landscape studies conducted in residential areas of six Russian cities. The model takes into account (1) the influence of precipitation, spring snowmelt, and vehicles, (2) the influence of erosion factors for two seasons: warm (t>5°C) and cold (t<5°C), and (3) the presence of disturbed surfaces. The application of the developed model to Ekaterinburg city conditions returned sediment production equal to 1.2 kg/m2/y. A comparison of seasonal values shows that sediment production in cold season is 2.5 times higher than in the warm season. In the absence of the disturbed surfaces, sediment production decreases to 0.44 kg/m2/y. Modeling showed a correlation between sediment production in Russian cities and duration of the cold season. The efficiency of various urban area maintenance practices and cleaning measures were evaluated in terms of sediment production and storage. The developed model presented in this paper is based on research in Russian cities, but can be applied to assess the formation of sediment and measures to reduce the value of its accumulation in the urban environment in different regions of the world.
Peningkatan Kapasitas Kader Pendidikan keluarga Dan Penguatan Kelompok Tribina Dusun Karanganyar
Authors: Wijayanto Arif , Putri Maulida Anita
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini mendeskripsikan tentang penjelasan terkait praktik pendidikan keluarga dalam kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas kader dan penguatan kelompok tribina di Dusun Karanganyar. Tahapan pelaksanaan praktik meliputi perencanaan program, pelaksanaan program, dan evaluasi program. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif denganmenganalisis, menggambarkan, dan meringkas berbagai kondisi, situasi dari berbagai data yang dikumpulkan berupa hasil wawancara atau pengamatan mengenai masalah yang diteliti yang terjadi di lapangan. Hasil dari praktik ini adalah (1) Ketahanan keluarga menjadi bekal materi utama bagi para kader tribina, (2) Adanya inovasi program pembuatan websitekelompok tribina,(3)    Permainan sederhana “Telepati Suit” menjadi permainan yang mampu membangkitkan semangat dan kekompakkan para kader.
The Macroeconomic Effects of Cash Transfers: Evidence from Brazil
Authors:   World Bank, Mendes Arthur , Miyamoto Wataru ,   University of Hong Kong, Nguyen Thuy Lan ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Pennings Steven ,   World Bank, Feler Leo ,   Numerator
Published: January 2024

This paper provides new evidence on the macroeconomic impact of cash transfers in developing countries. Using a Bartik-style identification strategy, the paper documents that Brazil’s Bolsa Familia transfer program leads to a large and persistent increase in relative state-level GDP, formal employment, and informal employment. A state receiving 1% of GDP in extra transfers grows 2.2% faster in the first year, with R$100,000 of extra transfers generating five formal-equivalent jobs, half of which are informal. Consistent with a demand-side mechanism, the effects are concentrated in non-tradable sectors. However, an open-economy New Keynesian model only partially captures the high multipliers estimated.
Postmodern organizational theory: empirical substantiation and practical application
Authors: Golobokov N. V.
Published: January 2024

The sports industry today is not only an important component of the socio7cultural life of the population, but also an open platform for the development of entrepreneurial projects in sports. Entrepreneurial activity in the sports industry includes the development of new ideas, the implementation of business plans and the search for investors to introduce new directions. Currently, the requirements of the markets for goods and services to enter them are quite high, there is high competition for consumer attention and a fairly short time for the launch of new products and services. Therefore, when implementing a new project in a shortened timeframe, entrepreneurs, including in the sports industry, face a difficult task: to take into account the existing critical factors when developing a new direction and reduce the risks during the implementation of the project. In this regard, managerial decision–making skills and the ability to calculate their consequences come to the fore.
Assessment of the demographic potential of municipalities of the Arctic zone of Yakutia
Authors: Skriabina I. V. , Mordinova M. A.
Published: January 2024

The prospects for the development of Arctic regions are of great interest today for the entire scientific community, in view of the strategic status of these territories. The implementation of large resource projects is impossible without preserving and developing its demographic potential. This article discusses issues related to the state and development of the demographic potential of the Arctic regions of Yakutia. The role of natural growth and migration in the formation of the population of the Arctic regions was revealed. Understanding the reasons for the outflow of the population will allow in the future to form a modern regional policy regarding the spatial development of the Arctic regions of Yakutia. The subject of the study is the demographic potential of the Yan group of districts. Interest in the group of regions under consideration is caused by a historically formed territorial production complex for the extraction of ore minerals (primarily tin and gold), as well as promising plans for the development of new deposits. The creation of energy (PATES) and transport infrastructure (Yana road, Nizhneyansk and Ust7Kuiga ports) allows us to assess the regions of the Yan group as a single promising zone for the growth of the republic’s Arctic economy. Due to the above circumstances, it becomes necessary to assess its demographic potential. The materials for the study were the official data of the territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), presented in annual statistical collections.
Personnel of Digital Transformation in Agriculture
Authors: Beksultanova Aybika , Dzhankhotova Petmat
Published: January 2024

The solution of the problem of digital transformation of agriculture is becoming particularly relevant in connection with the sanctions pressure on the Russian Federation. World practice and the experience of successful domestic agricultural producers show that the use of modern digital technologies makes it possible to create optimal conditions that ensure a significant increase in plant yields, animal productivity and labor productivity throughout the life cycle of agricultural products, reducing material costs for fuels and lubricants, electricity, plant protection products, labor remuneration and other types of expenses, soil fertility preservation and environmental protection. The article systematizes global trends in the spread of digital technologies in the field of agriculture. Based on the data of the federal statistical observation, as well as monitoring of digital maturity, quantitative results of the involvement of ICT specialists (including IT specialists) in the field of agriculture in the period 2019-2021 are presented. The purpose of this article is to identify the problem of the lack of qualified personnel with digital competencies in agriculture, to show the current situation of human resources, as well as to make recommendations on measures of state support for improving the working conditions of IT specialists in the economic and social sectors.
La ciudad de México como espacio literario en las novelas Un hilito de sangre y Desde la tersa noche de Eusebio Ruvalcaba
Authors:   , Verde Soria Antonio de Jesús
Published: January 2024

La siguiente investigación, cuyo objetivo es estudiar la Ciudad de México como el espacio en las novelas Un Hilito de Sangre y Desde la tersa noche de Eusebio Ruvalcaba, presenta el análisis de un espacio literario que surge desde la propia diégesis a partir del concepto de cronotopo propuesto por Mijaíl Bajtín, particularmente los cronotopos: camino, encuentro y umbral. La investigación justifica el análisis de la ciudad a través del cronotopo al exponer a teóricos que definen a la ciudad como un espacio literario, y como tal, es posible realizar el estudio del espacio urbano como un invento de la propia diégesis. La narrativa de Eusebio Ruvalcaba no es la excepción, de esta manera, la siguiente investigación analiza la construcción de la Ciudad de México como un espacio que nace desde la propia ficción. Eusebio Ruvalcaba recurrentemente utiliza la Ciudad de México como escenario de su narrativa, este proyecto de investigación es permite entender uno de los tantos mecanismos que conforman la narrativa ruvalcabiana. Finalmente, La interpretación de la ciudad como espacio literario se realiza en cada novela y por separado. Sin embargo, la investigación revela la existencia de un diálogo entre las dos novelas. Ambas construyen una Ciudad de México a través de las mismas colonias, estas zonas de la ciudad comparten los mismos valores, y las acciones ocurridas en estos espacios son muy semejantes. De esta manera se confirma que la Ciudad de México narrada por Eusebio Ruvalcaba es un micro universo propio de su narrativa, dejando la puerta abierta a más investigaciones al respecto.
Molecular biology of nephroblastoma in the context of kidney development
Authors: Kislyak I. A. , Druy A. E.
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a literature review of nephroblastoma molecular biology. In this article, we explored protein-coding genes in which mutations are the most common cause of Wilms’ tumor. We analyzed the role of these genes both in normal renal development and in Wilms’ tumorigenesis. Our special attention was focused on the embryonic development of the kidneys and how mutations in certain genes can disrupt normal nephrogenesis leading to the emergence of nephroblastoma.
Guidelines for the use of flow cell sorting in diagnosis and monitoring of acute leukemia
Authors: Semchenkova A. A. , Illarionova O. I. , Demina I. A. , Mikhailova E. V. , Zerkalenkova E. A. , Zakharova E. S. , Brilliantova V. V. , Karachunskiy A. I. , Maschan M. A. , Novichkova G. A. , Popov A. M.
Published: January 2024

Flow cell sorting is an advanced laboratory technique that combines the analytical capabilities of flow cytometry with the ability to isolate pure cell populations from heterogeneous samples. It has tremendous potential both for fundamental research and laboratory diagnosis. For example, the combination of cell sorting and molecular genetic studies can be used to clarify ambiguous results of acute leukemia immunophenotyping obtained both at diagnosis and during minimal residual disease monitoring. These guidelines are based on years of experience in incorporating cell sorting into the diagnostic and monitoring processes at the Leukemia Immunophenotyping Laboratory of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. They include methods used for the confirmation of flow cytometry data depending on the type of leukemia, the stage of a flow cytometry assay and previous therapy. They also describe cell sorting algorithms for disease diagnosis and the specifics of sample preparation for cell sorting in different molecular genetic studies.
Urinary biomarkers of early kidney injury in children with beta-thalassemia
Authors: El-Hawy Mahmoud Ahmed , Allam Esraa Tawfik , Shashin Heba Abd El-Aziz Mohammed , El-Haroun Mohammed Shokrey
Published: January 2024

Beta-thalassemia is considered as one of the most common genetic disorders in the world caused by the reduced or absent synthesis of b-globin chain. The aim of this work was to evaluate renal function in children with b-thalassemia using predictive biomarkers such as urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and N-acetyl-b-D-glycosaminidase (NAG). This prospective case–control study was carried out on 80 subjects aged between 3 and 17 years. The subjects were divided into two equal groups: thalassemia group which included 40 children with b-thalassemia major, and control group which included 40 age- and gender-matched healthy, non-anemic controls without any diseases that could potentially affect renal function, who underwent routine check-ups. All thalassemia patients received chelation therapy: 35 (87.5%) of them were treated with deferasirox and 5 (12.5%) patients received deferasirox + deferoxamine. The results of echocardiography, kidney function tests (serum creatinine, urea and estimated glomerular filtration rate as well as urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and urinary NGAL/urinary albumin–creatinine ratio were insignificantly different between the two groups. Abdominal ultrasound findings were significantly different between both groups. Total WBC counts, platelet counts, the results of liver function tests (total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase), urinary NAG/creatinine ratios, urinary NGAL/creatinine ratios and serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in the thalassemia group, while hemoglobin, urinary NAG/urinary albumin–creatinine ratios were significantly lower in this group. Urinary markers NGAL and NAG could be used as predictive markers of renal disease in b-thalassemia major patients. The study was initiated after obtaining approval from the Ethical Committee of Menoufia University Hospital. Informed written consent was obtained from the parents of the children involved in the study.
Managing third-party accountability in human services contracting: Contract accountability in human services
Authors: Wang Xiao Lu
Published: January 2024

This article analyzes the use and limitations of nonmonetary contract incentives in managing third-party accountability in human services. In-depth case studies of residential care homes for the elderly and integrated family service centers, two contrasting contracting contexts, were conducted in Hong Kong. These two programs vary in service programmability and service interdependency. In-depth interviews with 17 managers of 48 Residential Care Homes for the Elderly (RCHEs) and 20 managers of 10 Integrated Family Service Centers (IFSCs) were conducted. Interviews with the managers show that when service programmability was high and service interdependency was low, nonmonetary contract incentives such as opportunities for self-actualization professionally or reputation were effective in improving service quality from nonprofit and for-profit contractors. When service programmability was low and service interdependency was high, despite that only nonprofit organizations were contracted, many frontline service managers reported that professional accountability was undermined by ambiguous service scope, performance emphasis on case turnover, risk shift from public service units and a lack of formal accountability relationships between service units in the service network. The findings shed light on the limitations of nonmonetary contract incentives.
Comparison of Political Dynasty in Indonesia and the United States
Authors: Maharani Andina Elok Puri , Baskara Arga , Suwadi Pujiyono
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The aim of the research is to photograph political dynasties that occur in democratic countries by taking the examples of Indonesia and America.
 
Methods: The issue in this article is Political Dynasty in democratic countries. Political dynasties are built into a country's constitutional system. Its existence often triggers debate in societies that are studying ideal democracy. Political dynasties are considered to be the product of a political strategy to achieve victory.
 
Results and Conclusion: The research results show that the emergence of political dynasties is influenced by the actions of political elites who tend to pass on their positions of political power to the next generation or below. This happens because of the tendency to maintain power. Another reason is to continue the program that was initiated previously.
 
Research implications: Comparing political dynasties in Indonesia with the United States, the Indonesian state has a tendency to emerge random lytop down while in the United States it appears gradually bottom up.
 
Originality/value:  In the above context, it is hoped that political elites will prioritize political processes and ethics in cadre formation.
PROJECT TECHNOLOGY AS A TOOL OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL EDUCATION AT UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, Smirnova S.V.
Published: January 2024

In the context of the transformation of modern education and the entry of society into the era of digitalization, the role of universities in the development of universal competencies and flexible skills of students is increasing. The ability to creative activity, creative thinking, the ability to find a common language with representatives of different cultures becomes a condition for the success not only of a specialist in the profession, but also of a person on the scale of the state. And the ability to combine at a professional level special and supra-professional, communicative, project skills allows us to talk about the multidimensionality of the individual and the educational reality corresponding to the needs of the individual. Mastering design technology during training allows students not only to organize their own creative result-oriented activities, but also to develop personal qualities and flexible skills. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to substantiate the project technology as a tool of multidimensional education, which allows us to achieve the planned educational results. To achieve this goal, methods of observation and analysis of theoretical sources and comparison of empirical data were used. A study was also conducted on the dynamics of the level of awareness and application of project technology as a flexible competence among students, and the results obtained were described. At the same time, multidimensionality as one of the qualitative characteristics of higher education is considered in this paper from the standpoint of the analysis of the missions of universities, the prevailing attention to the development of flexible skills and universal competencies of students, as well as digitalization as an objective reality. As a result of the conducted research, it can be concluded that the higher education system in Russia, multidimensional in nature, should be based on project tools in order to be able to meet the current challenges of our time.
PEDAGOGICAL COMMUNITIES AS A RESOURCE FOR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF A MODERN TEACHER
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Shcherbatykh S.V. , Ragozhina O.A. ,   Pavlovskaya gimnaziya
Published: January 2024

The article examines the process of professional development as a factor in improving the quality of general education and reveals approaches to the professional development of teachers: professional development of teachers as a component of the development strategy of an educational institution; orientation of professional development to achieve high quality education; examination of the effectiveness of educational activities; organization of professional development as a collective activity based on solving urgent tasks of strategic development; continuous and long-term nature of professional development programs and the management of the professional development process. The content lines of professional development are determined. The role of professional pedagogical communities as an important innovative resource for the development of educational institutions is revealed, which allows them to improve their activities and solve urgent tasks by activating internal reserves. The professional pedagogical community is a self-learning organization, which is characterized by: managing the learning processes, including its training, retraining and advanced training, self-training of personnel to develop competencies and expand opportunities to master modern and promising technologies; investing resources in the process of training and self-training of employees, in improving its activities, content and technological equipment; maintaining the competitiveness of the organization by ensuring a high level of professionalism of employees as human capital and the main resource. For the professional pedagogical community, the status of a self-learning organization means the following: management of self-learning of teachers, self-learning as a way of innovative development, self-learning as improving the quality of education and competitiveness of the organization, team self-learning, stimulating self-learning.
PENGUATAN SENTRA HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL (HKI) DI PERGURUAN TINGGI SEBAGAI UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL
Authors: Sinal Mohamad , Muqit Abd. , Himmah Dinda Rizqiyatul
Published: January 2024

Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) merupakan hal yang sangat penting di bidang perdagangan internasional dan pembangunan ekonomi suatu negara. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan dimasukannya perlindungan HKI ke dalam kesepakatan GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) yang dikenal dengan Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Right (TRIPs Agreement). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) persepsi dosen dan mahasiswa terhadapat perlindungan hukum terhadap HKI, (2) persepsi dosen dan mahasiswa terhadap Sentra HKI sebagai upaya perlindungan hukum terhadap HKI, dan (3) upaya-upaya yang harus dilakukan oleh Polinema untuk meningkatkan persepsi dosen dan mahasiswa terhadap perlindungan hukum HKI dan Sentra HKI. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah Politeknik Negeri Malang. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa dan dosen di lingkungan Politeknik Negeri Malang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dari populasinya dilakukan secara acak tanpa memperhatikan strata (Simple Random Sampling). Analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Temuan penelitian ini sebagai berikut; (1) responden dosen memiliki persepsi yang tinggi terhadap perlindungan HKI, sedangkan responden mahasiswa memiliki persepsi yang rendah terhadap perlindungan HKI; (2) responden dosen dan mahsiswa memiliki persepsi yang tinggi terhadap sentra HKI; dan (3) upaya yang dapat dilakukan meliputi sosialisasi dan edukasi HKI, matakuliah HKI diajarkan kepada mahasiswa, dan sinergi antarstakeholder.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM KASUS PELANGGARAN HAK LINTAS DAMAI KAPAL TANKER IRAN DAN PANAMA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ramadhani Dewi Syara , Aswita Aswita , Zainuddin Moh.
Published: January 2024

Kasus kapal pengangkut besar MT Freya dan MT Horse merupakan salah satu contoh pelanggaran hak lintas damai di perairan Indonesia. Pada tanggal 24 Januari 2021, Badan Keamanan Laut (Bakamla) saat memimpin pengawasan di sekitar Pulau Pejantan mendapati kedua kapal tersebut sedang melakukan kegiatan pemindahan muatan minyak mentah dari satu kapal ke kapal lainnya dalam kondisi berhenti di lautan, tepatnya di sekitar Pulau Pejantan, Kepulauan Riau. Permasalahan yang akan dibahas adalah bagaimana pedoman kebebasan memasuki wilayah perairan yang aman dalam UNCLOS 1982 dan bagaimana hak-hak bagain kepolisian yang aman bagi kapal pengangkut besar MT Freya dan MT Horse sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku di Indonesia. Teknik penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif yuridis dengan menggunakan pendekatan investigasi hukum dan kontekstual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertama, pedoman hak lintas damai dalam UNCLOS 1982 diatur dalam Bagian II, Bagian 3 yang terdiri dari Pasal 17 –  32. Kedua, Majelis Hakim menjatuhkan pidana penahanan terhadap kapal MT Freya dan MT Horse selama 1 tahun, namun hukuman tersebut tidak perlu dilakukan dengan memaksakan waktu penilaian selama 2 tahun
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN RENCANA ANGGARAN BIAYA SALURAN IRIGASI METODE PRECAST DAN METODE KONVENSIONAL
Authors: Anggraini Khairunnisa Nadiawaty , Ardan Melloukey
Published: January 2024

Proyek dinyatakan berhasil apabila jumlah biaya yang dikeluarkan secara efisien, waktu pengerjaan yang tepat, dan baiknya kualitas produk yang dihasilkan. Dalam dunia konstruksi, faktor biaya adalah bahan pertimbangan yang paling utama karena jumlah investasinya yang besar serta bersifat rentan terhadap resiko kegagalan. Pentingnya perkiraan biaya harus dilakukan dalam pengelolaan biaya proyek secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan metode kerja apa saja yang paling efektif dan efisien dari segi biaya pada pekerjaan saluran irigasi dengan Metode Beton Konvensional dan Beton Precast. maka diperoleh Rencana Anggaran Biaya pada kedua metode tersebut. Rencana Anggaran Biaya yang didapatkan pada pekerjaan metode precast sebesar Rp.86.143.837, sedangkan Rencana Anggaran Biaya untuk Metode Konvensional sebesar Rp.189.914.763,38. Untuk harga pekerjaan per satu meter yang didapatkan pada pekerjaan Metode Precast sebesar Rp.319.051,00, sedangkan Metode Konvensional sebesar Rp.703.388,00. Kemudian untuk selisih pekerjaan per satu meter hasil dari pekerjaan Metode Precast dengan Metode Konvensional sebesar Rp.103.770.927,15. Adanya perbedaan dan persamaan pada dua metode ini, penggunaan metode precast dengan peningkatan anggaran 5,4%, tetap dapat dijadikan alternatif dapat dipertimbangkan dari sisi kemudahan dalam pelaksanaannya
KOMPETENSI HUKUM PIDANA DALAM PENANGGULANGAN KEJAHATAN MAYANTARA
Authors: Safitri Wulan , Fitry Absoril
Published: January 2024

Cyber crime merupakan salah satu bentuk atau dimensi baru kejahatan masa kini yang mendapat perhatian luas dunia Internasional. Teknologi yang berkembang pada saat i ni ternyata memiliki dampak negatif yang sangat luas bagi seluruh bidang kehidupan moden saat ini. Walaupun berbagai kongres dan konvensi internasional yang telah didahului dengan bernagai pertemuan dan kajian ilmiah mengenai Cyber crime (tindak pidana mayantara) telah sering dilakukan diberbagai negara, termasuk di Indonesia, tidaklah mudah untuk mnanggulangi permasalahan cyber crime. Kesulitan dalam penanganan cyber crie tersebut diantaranya karena cyber crime merupakan kejahatan yang dilakukan dalam ruang lingkup elektronik sehingga untuk penanggulangannya, diperlukan keahlian khusus, prosedur investigasi, dan kekuatan dasar hukum yang mungkin tidak tersedia pada aparat penegak hukumdi negara yang bersangkutan.. Selain itu cyber crime melampaui batas-batas negara, sedangkan upaya penyidikan dan penegakan hukum selama ini dibatasi dalam wilayah teritorial negaranya sendiri ditambah lagi dengan struktur terbuka jaringan komuter Internasional yang memberikan peluang kepada pengguna untuk memilih lingkungan Hukum (negara) yang belum mengkriminalisasi cyber crime. Dengan memperhatikan permasalahan tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa kebijakan hukum pidana bukan merupakan satu-satunya solusi untuk penangguangan cybercrime. Buku ini tidak hanya penting bagi mahasiswa dosen fakultas hukum, namun juga pentaing bagi mereka yang bergelut dibidang informatika, serta kepolisian untuk mengetahui kebijakan yang berlaku dalam upaya penanggulangan cybercrime serta perkembangan cybercrime itu sendiri sekarang ini. Permasalahan utama yang muncul terkait dengan kompetensi hukum pidana dalam penanggulangan kejahatan mayantara (cyber crime) meliputi: Kurangnya pemahaman tentang aspek teknis kejahatan mayantara di kalangan penegak hukum, hakim, dan jaksa. Tujuan penelitian tersebut adalah untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis kompetensi hukum pidana dalam penanggulangan kejahatan mayantara (cyber crime). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki sejauh mana hukum pidana dapat efektif dalam mencegah, mendeteksi, dan menindak kejahatan mayantara, serta untuk memahami sejauh mana kerangka hukum saat ini dapat menangani tantangan yang dihadapi dalam ranah hukum mayantara. Penelitian ini metode penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : Identifikasi kebutuhan akan keahlian khusus dalam penegakan hukum terkait dengan cybercrime
LEGAL FACTS PEMBENTUKAN ATURAN KELOMPOK SOSIAL LGBT SEBAGAI PENGARUH PERUBAHAN PERADABAN MANUSIA
Authors: Sjaf Sri Indarwati Mista'i , Prakoso Abintoro , Poesoko Herowati , Sjaifurrachman Sjaifurrachman
Published: January 2024

Setiap komunitas yang disebut dalam akronim LGBT telah berjuang untuk mengembangkan identitasnya masing-masing, seperti apakah, dan bagaimana bersekutu dengan komunitas lain; konflik tersebut terus berlanjut hingga kini. Permasalahan muncul apakah kelompok sosial LGBT dapat dikatakan sebagai fenomena perubahan peradaban manusia secara logis dan bagaimana fakta hukum membentuk peraturan kelompok sosial LGBT. Dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif serta menggunaka pendekatan filsafat maka secara logis didapatkan bahwasanya LGBT merupakan fenomenan perubahan peradaban manusia. LGBT dimaksudkan adalah (Lesbian: wanita menyukai wanita lain, Gay: pria saling menyukai pria, Biseksual: orang yang tertarik pada pria dan wanita,Transgender: orang dengan penampilan atau perilaku lawan jenis). LGBT bisa membahayakan kesehatan, pendidikan dan moral seseorang. Menurut perspektif filsafat hukum LGBT dikatakan menyimpang, karena tidak sesuai dengan norma dan nilai yang berlaku di masyarakat dan secara logis tidak dapat diterima akal budi yang menghendaki adanya kesesuaian dengan hukum kodrat. Dalam membentuk peraturan tentang kelompok sosial LGBT melihat pada fakta hukum maka konsentrasi terhadap HAM melihat pada UU nasional, Pasal 28J (2) UUD NRI 1945, Pasal 69 (1), dan 73 UU HAM No. 39/1999, telah ditentukan pembatasan yang intinya menyatakan bahwa setiap orang yang memiliki HAM harus menghormati HAM orang lain, menghormati pembatasan yang ditentukan oleh UU, memenuhi persyaratan nilai-nilai agama, etika, moral, tata tertib, berbangsa dan bernegara, serta menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban umum masyarakat demokratis.
MENGGALAKKAN LINGKUNGAN SEHAT PILAH SAMPAH BERSAMA RUMAH SINAGI DI KAMPUNG KOKODA KOTA SORONG
Authors: Yasmin Putri , Armitha Armitha , Rosiana Rosiana , Irjayanti Devi , Din Delika Putri , Saputra Dian
Published: January 2024

Rumah Sinagi atau Ruang Mahasiswa Berbagi Kasih adalah program kepedulian mahasiswa dalam upaya meningkatkan literasi numerasi, membaca, dan menulis anak-anak Papua. Fokus pengabdian pada kesempatan ini berpusat di Kampung Kokoda. Terdapat dua permasalahan utama mitra. Pertama, masalah sampah, di mana jumlahnya cukup besar karena kawasan ini dilalui oleh aliran Sungai dan tidak memiliki tempat penampungan sampah yang memadai. Kedua, di lingkungan tersebut, terdapat fasilitas belajar masyarakat yang disebut Rumah Pintar Kokoda, namun mengalami kekurangan pengajar. Sebagai respons terhadap permasalahan mitra, program Rumah Sinagi kami selaraskan dengan solusi berupa mendatangkan pengajar dan mengajarkan pengenalan tentang sampah. Pendekatan yang kami gunakan adalah melalui workshop dan simulasi untuk memperkenalkan beragam jenis sampah, teknik pemilahan sampah, dan cara memanfaatkannya agar memiliki nilai ekonomis. Setelah program ini dijalankan, minat anak-anak Papua di Kampung Kokoda untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dalam menjaga lingkungan dan pemilahan sampah semakin meningkat. Hasil yang diperoleh pada akhir kegiatan meliputi peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mitra dalam hal pemilahan sampah. Sebelumnya, hampir seluruh peserta tidak mengetahui cara yang benar untuk memilah sampah, tetapi setelah kegiatan ini, sekitar 95% mitra memiliki pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang proses pemilahan sampah. Selain itu, kemampuan mitra dalam literasi dan numerasi juga mengalami peningkatan, terutama dalam hal kemampuan membaca
PENDAMPINGAN POKDAKAN SAWALA TANJUNGBUANA DALAM RENCANA PENYUSUNAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGUATAN BARGAINING POSITION
Authors: Bahar Rizki Risanto , Apriyani Dwi , Nuraini Candra , Pebrianti Suci Apsari , Fitria Anita Dwy
Published: January 2024

Pokdakan Sawala Tanjungbuana Desa Tanjungpura Kecamatan Rajapolah saat ini masih mengalami berbagai macam permasalahan terkait pemasaran. Maka dari itu, perlu perhatian khusus dari para stakeholder terhadap hambatan yang dialami oleh Pokdakan Sawala Tanjungbuana karena perkembangan usaha ditentukan oleh ketepatan strategi pemasaran. Disamping itu, persaingan di antara pelaku usaha semakin ketat, sehingga kemampuan untuk menjangkau pasar menjadi kunci utama bagi kelangsungan Pokdakan. Saat ini Pokdakan Sawala Tanjungbuana menjual ikan nila segar biflok, sedangkan terdapat potensi diversifikasi produk dendeng ikan nila. Tujuan utama dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat agar Pokdakan dapat memahami prinsip, strategi, dan bauran pemasaran. Metode pelaksanaan program dilakukan melalui penyuluhan dan pendampingan secara langsung yang dilakukan di Desa Tanjungpura. Kegiatan dimulai dengan penyampaian materi, sesi tanya jawab, dan diskusi permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh anggota Pokdakan Sawala Tanjungbuana. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini berdampak terhadap pemahaman peserta terhadap pentingnya strategi pemasaran terkait dengan STP (Segmenting Targeting Position), dan faktor bauran pemasaran 4 P (Product, Price, Place, dan Promotion) dalam pemasaran dendeng ikan nila.
ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA BAGIAN REKAM MEDIS DI PUSKESMAS DAU KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Hanafiah Ali , O Ervita Nindy , Rachman M. Arief
Published: January 2024

Kunjungan pasien yang datang periksa ke Puskesmas Dau yaitu dengan rata- rata kunjungan pasien per hari 120 -170 orang dan per bulan rata-rata kunjungan 2000-2500 orang. Tujuan kegiatan PKM ini adalah untuk menganalisis beban kerja Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Kesehatan di Puskesmas Dau menggunakan metode Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN). Selain itu, Tim PKM juga melakukan penyusunan SOP pembagian beban kerja rekam medis. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, petugas rekam medis sering dibantu oleh pegawai dari bagian lain. Petugas rekam medis harus merangkap tugas menjadi petugas TPP, kemudian mengkoding, assembling, distribusi dokumen rekam medis ke poli, dan mengembalikan dokumen rekam medis ke rak filing. Keterbatasan jumlah sumber daya manusia menjadikan petugas rekam medis memiliki beban kerja yang melebihi kapasitas. Beban kerja berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas kerja. Penambahan tenaga kerja akan menambah produktivitas dari petugas rekam medis
La situación de la Administración electrónica en el ámbito local a la luz de varios informes. Atención particular al caso de Aragón
Authors: Magallón-Salegui Jaime
Published: January 2024

Objetivos: existen diversas obligaciones que cumplir en materia de Administración electrónica por parte de las Administraciones públicas, de conformidad con las leyes 39 y 40/2015, que recogieron una apuesta decidida por la tramitación electrónica de los procedimientos. La consecución de este objetivo se fue posponiendo a través de las sucesivas vacatio legis hasta el 2 de abril de 2021, fecha de entrada en vigor del desarrollo reglamentario en esta materia con el Real Decreto 203/2021. Metodología: el estudio se basa en la literatura académica, el marco normativo tanto europeo como nacional sobre esta cuestión y en varios informes sobre el estado de cumplimiento de las diversas obligaciones en materia de Administración electrónica, focalizándose la atención en las Administraciones locales; en particular, de Aragón. Resultados: se detecta una mejora en la implantación de los diversos componentes de la Administración electrónica por parte de las Administraciones locales, concepto holístico que comprende más aspectos que la mera incorporación de equipos, si bien persiste un incumplimiento desigual de sus obligaciones en esta materia. Conclusiones: dado que el estándar de cumplimiento es igual para todas las Administraciones, resulta necesario reforzar la colaboración con las Administraciones locales para disminuir la brecha existente.
A study on Korean perception of Vietnamese production of Korean stop consonants
Authors:   The Research Society for the Korean Language Education, Park See-Gyoon , Choi Ji-Eun
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the perception patterns of Koreans regarding the production of Korean stop consonants by Vietnamese Korean language learners. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted on Koreans' perception of Vietnamese learners’ production of Korean stop consonants.
The results of the experiment show that when the presentation sound is located at the beginning of the word, the correct answer rate was ‘/ㅌ/ 89%) > /ㅋ/(88%) > /ㅍ/=/ㅂ/(84%) > /ㄱ/=/ㄸ/(74%) ) > /ㄷ/(72%) > /ㅃ/(65%) > /ㄲ/(61%)', and in the case of word-medial onset consonants, ’/ㅍ/, /ㅋ/(91%) > /ㅌ /(88%) > /ㄷ/(68%) > /ㅂ/(61%) > /ㄸ/(60%) > /ㄲ/(51%) > /ㅃ/(46%) > /ㄱ/(40%)’. Except for the case of /ㄸ/ in word-initial and /ㄱ/ in word-medial, accuracy was found to be high in the order of aspirated consonants > plain consonants > tense consonants for both word-initial and word-medial positions. The percentage of correct responses in the word-initial environment was higher than that in the word-medial environment, and this was revealed more clearly through matrix analysis. In both word-initial and word-medial environments, when the target sound was ‘plain’, it was confused with ‘tense’, when it was ‘tense’ it was confused with ‘aspirated’, and when it was ‘aspirated’ it was confused with ‘plain’. Looking at the correct rate for each following vowel, except for the word-medial plain consonant (/ㅣ/ > /ㅜ/ > /ㅏ/), in all other cases, the correct rate was high in the order of /ㅣ/ > /ㅏ/ > /ㅜ/. This result shows that the correct response rate for the following vowels decreases as the vowels move from the front vowels to the back vowels.