bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reasonable Paths of Construction Ventilation for Large-Scale Underground Cavern Groups in Winter and Summer
Authors: Sun Jianchun , Zhang Heng , Huang Muyan , Chen Qianyang , Chen Shougen
Published: October 2018

Forced ventilation or newly built vertical shafts are mainly used to solve ventilation problems in large underground cavern groups. However, it is impossible to increase air supply due to the size restriction of the construction roadway, resulting in ventilation deterioration. Based on construction of the Jinzhou underground oil storage project, we proposed both a summer ventilation scheme and winter ventilation scheme, after upper layer excavation of the cavern is completed and connected with the shaft. A three-dimensional numerical model validated with field test data was performed to investigate air velocity and CO concentration. Fan position optimization and the influence of temperature difference on natural ventilation were discussed. The results show that CO concentration in the working area of the cavern can basically drop to a safe value of 30 mg/m3 in air inlet and exhaust schemes after 10 min of ventilation. Since there is inevitably a back-flow in the winter ventilation scheme, it is necessary to ensure that airflow is always moving towards the shaft. Optimal placement of the axial flow fan at the shaft bottom is on the central axis of the cavern, 5 m away from the shaft. The greater the temperature difference, the better the natural ventilation effect of the shaft. The natural ventilation effect of the shaft as an outlet in winter, is better than that of the shaft as an inlet in summer.
TECHNICAL CHANGE DIRECTIONS OF CHINA’S GRAIN PRODUCTION: APPLICATION OF THE BIAS-CORRECTED MALMQUIST INDICES
Authors: Li Tianxiang , Baležentis Tomas , Cao Lijuan , Zhu Jing , Štreimikienė Dalia , Melnikienė Rasa
Published: October 2018

This paper aims at measuring productivity and efficiency of China’s three most important grain crops–rice, wheat and maize–as well as identifying the main directions of technical change prevailing in their production. The bias-corrected Malmquist production indices are employed to measure the technical changes (TCs) in terms of input-saving or input-using in China’s grain production, by using provincial aggregate data obtained from the National Farm Production Costs and Returns Survey. The research covers the period of 2003–2013. Application of the bias-corrected Malmquist index showed a labor-saving technical change against all the remaining inputs for the three crops under analysis. The highest frequencies of fertilizer- and machinery-using, labor-saving technical changes were observed for wheat farming. Therefore, a reduction in labor intensity should be the most promising for wheat if compared with rice and maize.
Identifying the 3FHL Catalog. II. Results of the KOSMOS Optical Spectroscopy Campaign
Authors: Marchesi S. , Kaur A. , Ajello M.
Published: October 2018

We present the results of the optical spectroscopy follow up of a sample of 28 unclassified blazars from the Third Fermi-LAT Catalog of High-Energy Sources (3FHL). All the spectra were taken with the 4 m Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak. With this follow-up program, we are able to classify 27 out of 28 objects as BL Lacs, while the remaining one is a flat spectrum radio quasar. We determine a redshift (z) for three of these objects and a lower limit on z for other four sources: the farthest object for which we obtain a redshift has z > 0.836. These results are part of a more extended campaign of optical spectroscopy follow up of 3FHL blazars, aimed to obtain a complete sample of blazars at >10 GeV, which will then be used to extend our knowledge on blazar emission mechanisms and on the extragalactic background light.
The Young Massive Star Cluster Westerlund 2 Observed with MUSE. I. First Results on the Cluster Internal Motion from Stellar Radial Velocities
Authors: Zeidler Peter , Sabbi Elena , Nota Antonella , Pasquali Anna , Grebel Eva K. , McLeod Anna Faye , Kamann Sebastian , Tosi Monica , Cignoni Michele , Ramsay Suzanne
Published: October 2018

Westerlund 2 (Wd2) is the central ionizing star cluster of the H ii region RCW 49 and the second most massive young star cluster (

) in the Milky Way. Its young age (∼2 Myr) and close proximity to the Sun (∼4 kpc) makes it a perfect target to study stars emerging from their parental gas cloud, the large number of OB-stars and their feedback onto the gas, and the gas dynamics. We combine high-resolution multi-band photometry obtained in the optical and near-infrared with the Hubble Space Telescope, and Very Large Telescope/MUSE integral field spectroscopy to study the gas, the stars, and their interactions, simultaneously. In this paper we focus on a small, 64 × 64 arcsec2 region north of the main cluster center, which we call the Northern Bubble (NB), a circular cavity carved into the gas of the cluster region. Using MUSE data, we determined the spectral types of 17 stars in the NB from G9III to O7.5. With the estimation of these spectral types, we add 2 O and 5 B-type stars to the previously published census of 37 OB-stars in Wd2. To measure radial velocities we extracted 72 stellar spectra throughout Wd2, including the 17 of the NB, and show that the cluster-member stars follow a bimodal velocity distribution centered around (8.10 ± 1.53) km s−1 and (25.41 ± 1.57) km s−1 with a dispersion of (4.52 ± 1.78) km s−1 and (3.46 ± 1.29) km s−1, respectively. These are in agreement with CO(J = 1–2) studies of RCW 49 leaving cloud–cloud collision as a viable option for the formation scenario of Wd2. The bimodal distribution is also detected in the Gaia DR2 proper motions.
A Search for High-mass Protostellar Objects in Cold IRAS Sources
Authors: Ao Y. , Yang J. , Tatematsu K. , Henkel C. , Sunada K. , Nguyen-Luong Q.
Published: October 2018

We present the results of CS J = 2 → 1 mapping observations toward 39 massive star-forming regions selected from the previous CO line survey of cold IRAS sources with high-velocity CO flows along the Galactic plane. All sources are detected in CS J = 2 → 1, showing the existence of CS clumps around the IRAS sources. However, one-third of the sources are not deeply embedded in the dense clumps by comparison of the central powering IRAS sources and the morphologies of CS clumps. Physical parameters of the dense molecular clumps are presented. We have identified 12 high-mass protostellar object (HMPO) candidates by checking the association between the dense cores and the IRAS sources, the detection of water maser, and the radio properties toward the IRAS sources. We find that the HMPO sources are characterized by low FIR luminosity to virial mass ratios since they are in very early evolutionary stages when the massive protostars have not reached their full luminosities, which are typical for zero-age main-sequence stars. Large turbulent motion in the HMPO sources may be largely due to the large kinetic energy ejected by the central protostars formed in the dense clumps. However, alternative means or undetected outflows may also be responsible for the turbulence in the clumps.
The Global Distribution of Active Ionian Volcanoes and Implications for Tidal Heating Models
Authors: Rathbun Julie A. , Lopes Rosaly M. C. , Spencer John R.
Published: October 2018

Tidal heating is the major source of heat in the outer solar system. Because of its strong tidal interaction with Jupiter and the other Galilean satellites, Io is incredibly volcanically active. We use the directly measured volcanic activity level of Io’s volcanoes as a proxy for surface heat flow and compare it to tidal heating model predictions. Volcanic activity is a better proxy for heat flow than simply the locations of volcanic constructs. We determine the volcanic activity level using three data sets: the Galileo Photopolarimeter Radiometer (PPR), Galileo Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS), and New Horizons LEISA. We also present a systematic reanalysis of the Galileo NIMS observations to determine the 3.5 μm brightness of 51 active volcanoes. We find that potential differences in volcanic style between high and low latitudes make high-latitude observations unreliable for distinguishing between tidal heating models. Observations of Io’s polar areas, such as those by Juno, are necessary to unambiguously understand Io’s heat flow. However, all three of the data sets examined show a relative dearth of volcanic brightness near 180 W (anti-Jovian point) and the equator, and the only data set with good observations of the sub-Jovian point (LEISA) also shows a lack of volcanic brightness in that region. These observations are more consistent with the mantle-heating model than the asthenospheric-heating model. Furthermore, all three of the data sets are consistent with fourfold symmetry in longitude and peak heat flow at mid-latitudes, which best matches with the combined heating case of Tackley et al.
Evaluation of the suitability of sinkhole ponds and springs from two Portuguese karst massifs for amphibian early life stage development
Authors: Soares Joana , Marques Ana , Gonçalves Fernando , Reboleira Ana Sofia P. S. , Marques Sérgio
Published: October 2018

Amphibians in Portugal are commonly found in karst ecosystems. Nonetheless, these ecosystems are threatened by activities such as agricultural and industrial activities and mining, which contaminate both surface water and groundwater. Due to the high permeability of the karst systems, the existence of water on the surface is scarce, with sinkhole ponds and springs representing essential water sources for amphibians, especially for their reproduction. Furthermore, water from springs may reflect the effects of surface contamination on groundwater. Considering the relevance of these water sources, specially to amphibians, which are considered highly sensitive to a widerange of contaminants, our study aimed at assessing the suitability of water from springs and sinkholes from two Portuguese karst massifs, for the development of the early lifestages of Hyla arborea. To achieve this, eggs from H. arborea were exposed to water from seven springs and four sinkholes, from the Estremenho and Sicó karst massifs, anda control (FETAX). The exposure was carried out with five replicates per condition, each with 20 tadpoles, and ended once the 25th Gosner stage was reached. The parameters evaluated were growth, antioxidant enzyme activity (Glutathione STransferases, Glutathione Peroxidase Se-dependent, total-Glutathione Peroxidase and Glutathione Reductase) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Also, water samples were screened for the presence of six commonly used pesticides (Terbuthylazine, Tebuconazole, Deltamethrin, Dimethomorph, Chlorpyrifos and Glyphosate). The results revealed the presence of glyphosate in three of the sampled water bodies. Concurrently, in one of the sites presenting detectable glyphosate concentrations, tadpoles presented smaller body lengths, and mortality was also observed. In the remaining sites, despite the absence of the screened pesticides, there were some alterations of the biochemical parameters assessed, namely LPO. These results raised some concerns regarding the impact of human activities in surface and groundwater in the Sicó and Estremenho karst massifs.
Solution of neutron-transport multigroup equations system in subcritical systems
Authors: Shamanin Igor V. , Bedenko Sergey V. , Nesterov Vladimir N. , Lutsik Igor O. , Prets Anatoly A.
Published: October 2018

An iteration method has been implemented to solve a neutron transport equation in a multigroup diffusion approximation. A thermoelectric generator containing plutonium dioxide, used as a source of thermal and electric power in spacecraft, was studied.

Neutron yield and multigroup diffusion approximation data was used to obtain a continuous and group distribution of neutron flux density spectra in a subcritical multiplying system.

Numerical multigroup approaches were employed using BNAB-78, a system of group constants, and other available evaluated nuclear data libraries (ROSFOND, BROND, BNAB, EXFOR and ENDSF).

The functions of neutron distribution in the zero iteration for the system of multigroup equations were obtained by approximating an extensive list of calculated and experimental data offered by the EXFOR and ENDSF nuclear data libraries. The required neutronic functionals were obtained by solving a neutron transport equation in a 28-group diffusion approximation. The calculated data was verified. The approach used is more efficient in terms of computational efforts (the values of the neutron flux density fractions converge in the third iteration). The implemented technique can be used in nuclear and radiation safety problems.
Development of the technique for determination the rate of oxidation of structural steels in heavy liquid metal coolants
Authors: Ivanov Konstantin D. , Niyazov Said-Ali S. , Lavrova Olga V. , Salaev Sergey V. , Askhadullin Radomir S.
Published: October 2018

The article considers the main methods for studying the process of oxidation of structural steels and evaluating their corrosion resistance in heavy liquid metal coolants (HLMC) under static and dynamic conditions. It is shown that the main disadvantage of these methods is the impossibility of evaluating the results in real time. The authors propose a new method for the experimental determination of the oxidation rate of steels in molten HLMCs, which makes it possible to measure the reaction rate without depressurizing the plant, by periodically injecting air doses of a known volume and monitoring its response time. As additional data in the research methodology, the results of a chemical-spectral analysis of the coolant and slags were provided after the experimental campaign completion as well as a metallographic analysis of steel samples to determine the oxide coating thickness and its comparison with the calculated value for the integral oxygen assimilation by the system. To implement the methodology, a laboratory facility was proposed, equipped with an oxygen thermodynamic activity (TDA) sensor of the RF-IPPE design. The sensor is certified by Gosstandart of Russia (certificate RU. 31.002 A No. 15464), registered in the State Register of Measuring Instruments (No. 25282-03) and approved for use in the Russian Federation.
Mobilisation des processus RH par les managers pour déployer le management responsable : le cas du Groupe La Poste
Authors: Havard Christelle , Ingham Marc
Published: October 2018

Cet article vise à montrer l’importance des processus ressources humaines (RH) dans le déploiement de la responsabilité sociale des entreprises, et en particulier dans l’adoption d’un management responsable par l’encadrement. Il s’attache à saisir comment la ligne managériale mobilise ces processus RH dans l’exercice du management responsable en s’appuyant sur une enquête menée auprès du Groupe La Poste. L’étude révèle l’importance accordée par les managers du Groupe à certains processus RH (management de la performance, incitation, formation, communication) mais aussi à certaines dimensions informelles telles que l’exemplarité ou les valeurs pour déployer des pratiques managériales responsables. Elle montre également certains écarts entre les attentes des managers et la mobilisation de ces processus RH. Elle contribue ainsi à conforter certains résultats de la littérature sur l’importance des processus RH dans le développement de la responsabilité sociale et environnementale et à les compléter en apportant un éclairage managérial.
L’effet d’interaction des primes contingentes et de la motivation autonome sur la performance dans la tâche, contextuelle et adaptative
Authors: Roussillon Soyer Claude , Roussel Patrice , Charbonnier-Voirin Audrey , Bentein Kathleen , Balkin David B.
Published: October 2018

Cet article, en mobilisant la théorie de l’auto-détermination, a pour objectif d’évaluer les effets modérateurs des primes contingentes individuelles sur la relation entre la motivation autonome et la performance au travail. Les résultats de l’étude, sur un échantillon de salariés d’une coopérative vinicole (N=135), montrent que la motivation autonome est positivement reliée à la performance dans la tâche, contextuelle et adaptative. Cette étude supporte également l’hypothèse que les primes individuelles modèrent positivement la relation entre la motivation autonome et les différentes facettes de la performance. Nous pouvons observer que c’est le niveau individuel de motivation autonome qui va déterminer l’effet bénéfique, ou au contraire dégradant, des primes individuelles sur la performance individuelle.
Recentrer l’évaluation individuelle autour de l’activité professionnelle : une opportunité pour explorer le pouvoir d’agir
Authors: Yalenios Jocelyne
Published: October 2018

Les pratiques d’évaluation individuelle de la performance au travers des entretiens individuels constituent un thème de recherche particulièrement étudié à travers le temps notamment dans la littérature académique nord-américaine qui les relient au management de la performance. Pourtant, aucune étude n’a cherché à explorer l’importance de l’entretien formel individuel dans la dynamique du pouvoir d’agir. Notre étude propose donc d’explorer l’influence d’un échange centré sur l’activité professionnelle lors de l’entretien formel individuel sur la dynamique du pouvoir d’agir et de mieux comprendre les mécanismes à l’œuvre dans ce processus. Sur la base d’une étude qualitative menée dans le secteur public, auprès de 25 dyades évaluateurs et évalués, l’analyse montre le potentiel d’un échange centré sur l’activité professionnelle lors de l’entretien individuel d’évaluation sur l’engagement personnel dans une activité professionnelle porteuse de sens et sur l’articulation à la performance collective au travail.
L’accès aux soins aux États-Unis sous les mandatures de Barack Obama et Donald Trump
Authors: Parel Véronique
Published: October 2018

L’article propose une analyse économique portant sur l’évolution de l’accès aux soins aux Etats-Unis depuis 2010. Il s’appuie principalement sur les textes de lois et les réglementations débattues et adoptées sous les mandatures de Barack Obama et de Donald Trump et les données de la Kaiser Family Foundation. Une première partie fait valoir les acquis relatifs de la loi de 2010, soit l’extension de la couverture maladie à plus de 20 millions d’Américains, permis par la mise en place de l’obligation d’assurance, l’expansion de Medicaid, et la création de marchés réglementés. Toutefois, l’adoption récente des dernières réglementations de l’Administration Trump, notamment la suppression des pénalités relatives à l’obligation d’assurance, viennent s’opposer au moins partiellement à l’application de la loi de 2010. De nombreuses incertitudes demeurent aujourd’hui de ce point de vue, notamment sur l’évolution des marchés réglementés que la loi avait instaurés. Une deuxième partie aborde le contexte inflationniste dans lequel s’inscrivent ces évolutions. Elle rend compte de l’envolée des coûts médicaux, auquel est confronté le pays depuis l’effondrement économique du Managed care , à la fin des années 1990. Elle fait valoir l’obstacle majeur que représente cette hausse des coûts pour l’accès aux soins des Américains.
Contrôle de cohérence actes-dispositifs médicaux
Authors: Toubal Slimane , Poreaux Adrien , Morell Mathieu , Mailhe Philippe , Perrey Jérôme , Aubas Pierre , Mercier Grégoire
Published: October 2018

Introduction : Le codage des actes médicaux doit être optimal d’autant plus qu’il s’agit de pose de dispositifs médicaux implantables (DMI).Un hôpital universitaire a conçu un contrôle (COHERENCE) permettant de vérifier la cohérence entre les données d’actes de pose de DMI et les données de traçabilité. L’objectif de ce travail est d’évaluer l’impact de ce contrôle : bilan quantitatif sur les séjours concernés, revalorisation des séjours contrôlés et des DMI en sus du GHS. Méthodes : COHERENCE croise les données de codage des actes avec les données de traçabilité des DMI et repère automatiquement les séjours à contrôler. Ces séjours seront traités par le DIM pour vérification de la saisie des actes. En cas de problème de traçabilité, ces séjours seront traités par la Pharmacie. Résultats : Pour le premier trimestre 2017, 151 séjours repérés par COHERENCE ont nécessité un contrôle. 48% des contrôles portaient sur les DMI cardio-vasculaires ; 36% sur les DMI orthopédiques. 38 % des séjours ont nécessité unecorrection d’acte contre 19 % qui relevaient d’un problème de traçabilité. La revalorisation des séjours contrôlés est estimée à + 261 667 € . La part de revalorisation considérée comme imputable à l’action de correction d’actes est estimée à + 119 019 € (+ 4 104 € /séjour). La rectification de la traçabilité par la Pharmacie a permis une revalorisation des DMI facturés en sus du GHS de + 28 158 € . Conclusion : Les résultats obtenus, mettent en évidence l’intérêt financier et sanitaire de l’utilisation d’un programme automatique de contrôle de cohérence actes-dispositifs médicaux.
L’ art africain et les mandjaks . Comment les pratiques discursives et migratoires transforment les relations sociales à Sal (Cap-Vert)
Authors: Panis Caroline
Published: October 2018

Si l’émigration cap-verdienne intéresse les chercheurs depuis des décennies, l’immigration sur l’archipel reste encore très peu étudiée. Pourtant celle-ci connaît une augmentation importante depuis le début des années 2000. L’arrivée de travailleurs de l’Afrique de l’Ouest continentale contribue à reconfigurer l’espace social, comme on peut le voir à Santa Maria, au sud de l’île de Sal, où les relations sociales se redessinent. J’aborde ici ces reconfigurations au travers de l’étude des pratiques discursives visant à faire de l’ art africain une spécialité cap-verdienne afin d’encourager sa vente et questionne l’articulation de ces pratiques avec la mobilisation de la catégorisation discursive mandjak , fréquemment utilisée par les habitants pour désigner les migrants et dont l’ambiguïté repose sur la fluctuation des identifications à l’Afrique.
Étude exploratoire des déterminants de l’intention durable de dirigeants de PME belges
Authors: Ferauge Perrine
Published: October 2018

Cette recherche qualitative exploratoire cherche à mieux comprendre la nature et la pertinence des déterminants qui influencent l’intention durable et mobilise la théorie du comportement planifié (Ajzen, 1991) et la théorie entrepreneuriale (Covin et Slevin, 1989 ; Lumpkin et Dess, 1996). Elle repose sur une enquête réalisée auprès de sept dirigeants de PME belges. Les résultats nous permettent de confirmer la pertinence d’un ensemble de propositions quant aux déterminants de l’intention durable.
Le transfert de formation : quel rôle pour le supérieur hiérarchique ?
Authors: Ben Lakhal Nour , Gara Bach Ouerdian Emna
Published: October 2018

Cette recherche porte sur l’ impact du soutien perçu du supérieur sur le transfert des acquis de la formation. Elle s’appuie sur une étude quantitative menée auprès d’un échantillon de 219 répondants selon la méthode de bootstrap (Hayes, 2013). Les principaux résultats obtenus confirment que l’auto-efficacité et la motivation à transférer médiatisent partiellement la relation entre le soutien du supérieur et le transfert de formation.
Richard H. Thaler et les limites de la rationalité
Authors: Clochard Gwen-Jirō , Hollard Guillaume , Perez Fabien
Published: October 2018

Le 9 octobre 2017, Richard H. Thaler a reçu le Prix de la Banque de Suède en sciences économiques en mémoire d’Alfred Nobel pour ses travaux en économie comportementale. Cet article présente ses principales contributions, à savoir l’établissement d’une liste d’anomalies du comportement rationnel, les fondements d’un modèle quasi-rationnel inspiré de la psychologie et, finalement, l’approche des politiques publiques connue sous le nom de Nudge . Pour conclure, nous revenons de manière plus subjective sur les apports de Thaler en économie et spéculons sur un avenir possible de l’économie comportementale.
Richard Thaler ou comment la finance est devenue comportementale
Authors: Broihanne Marie-Hélène , Capelle-Blancard Gunther
Published: October 2018

Richard Thaler est un économiste de tout premier plan, un chercheur audacieux et original. Professeur à Chicago, temple de l’orthodoxie économique, là-même où Milton Friedman et Eugène Fama ont fait l’essentiel de leur carrière, il est l’un des critiques les plus pertinents de la théorie de l’efficience des marchés. Ses travaux en finance, souvent d’une grande simplicité, ont infléchi le paradigme dominant. Sur les marchés financiers, il y a certes peu d’opportunités d’arbitrage, mais il en existe et elles peuvent être persistantes. Les investisseurs rationnels n’ont pas toujours le dernier mot et les prix ont souvent tendance à surou sous-réagir aux informations. Il est toujours particulièrement difficile de « battre le marché », même pour des professionnels avertis, pour autant les prix reflètent mal les fondamentaux et les bulles spéculatives sont fréquentes. En bref, les marchés ne sont pas peuplés d’ homo oeconomicus , mais bien d’ homo sapiens .
Incertitude de classement final et affluence en Ligue 1 française de football : une nouvelle approche
Authors: Guironnet Jean-Pascal
Published: October 2018

Cet article propose une nouvelle méthode pour évaluer les effets de l’incertitude d’une rencontre et de classement final sur l’affluence dans les stades de Ligue 1. L’issue incertaine d’un match est évaluée à partir des différences relatives de qualité des équipes. Contrairement aux précédentes études, ces forces intrinsèques sont estimées de manière aléatoire à partir des différences de budget salarial des clubs et elles sont, par la suite, réévaluées en fonction des résultats observés durant la saison. En outre, l’incertitude de classement final est ici modélisée dans un espace de probabilités permettant d’avoir une information statistique plus complète que des indicateurs agrégés. Suivant cette approche, trois résultats principaux émergent : ( i ) l’incertitude d’une rencontre présente un effet significatif non-linéaire et positif sur l’affluence dans les stades, ( ii ) les spectateurs ont des demandes antagonistes en espérant que leur club favori ne soit pas rejoint par des poursuivants durant la saison mais paradoxalement ils souhaitent une incertitude plus élevée concernant le classement final, ( iii ) l’intérêt du spectateur n’est pas linéairement décroissant en fonction de la hiérarchie du classement final mais de forme sinusoïdale avec un engouement plus important concernant l’attribution des places qualificatives en Europa League et pour les équipes luttant contre la relégation. L’intérêt pour la victoire finale peut s’avérer prépondérant pour l’attractivité globale du championnat, mais ce dernier est devenu plus volatile avec les nouvelles capacités financières du PSG.
L’efficience technique des institutions de microfinance en zone UEMOA
Authors: Fall François
Published: October 2018

Dans cet article, nous proposons une analyse de l’efficience des institutions de microfinance (IMF) dans la zone UEMOA. L’analyse est faite à partir d’une approche DEA en deux étapes. Dans la première étape, l’efficience des IMF est estimée de façon non paramétrique, en exécutant un modèle VRS (de rendements d’échelle variables) à orientation input. Au total six modèles d’efficience sont estimés dont trois concernent l’efficience financière et trois autres, l’efficience sociale. Les scores d’efficience obtenus dans cette première étape sont régressés, dans la seconde étape, sur un ensemble de variables environnementales en suivant la procédure bootstrap truncated de Simar et Wilson [2007], plus robuste que les approches classiques basées sur la régression tobit ou les moindres carrées ordinaires. Les résultats de la première étape mettent en évidence une faible efficience des IMF de la zone UEMOA. L’inefficience est à la fois technique et d’échelle, mais s’explique davantage par une mauvaise combinaison technique des ressources. Elle est plus palpable sur le plan social que financier. Les résultats de l’estimation post-dea montrent que la rentabilité économique est un déterminant essentiel de l’efficience financière et sociale. Les IMF les plus rentables économiquement sont les plus efficientes tant au plan social que financier. Les IMF les plus grandes et les plus anciennes sont également les moins efficientes au plan social. De même les IMF à profil non commercial sont les plus efficientes du point de vue social. Toutefois, les résultats montrent que les variables environnementales ont souvent un impact qui varie selon le type de modèle spécifié.
La création passive dans le Commentaire des Sentences de saint Thomas d’Aquin ( In II Sent. , D. 1, q. 1, a. 2)
Authors: Signoret Luc
Published: October 2018

L’emploi du syntagme creatio passive accepta dans le Commentaire des Sentences de saint Thomas d’Aquin s’inscrit dans un riche débat théologique dont les origines remontent aux années 1220-1230. Après avoir présenté la genèse de ce débat, cet article envisage la manière dont Bonaventure et Albert le Grand y prennent part. Enfin, la définition de la création passive forgée par le jeune Thomas dans son Commentaire des Sentences est analysée dans une perspective à la fois historique et doctrinale.
Ce que le rural fait au travail social
Authors: Roche Agnès
Published: October 2018

Lorsqu’on évoque les milieux populaires, on les imagine assez systématiquement dans les quartiers déshérités des grandes villes. Cet élément contribue sans aucun doute à l’invisibilité sociale des classes populaires rurales. La recherche présentée a été réalisée auprès de populations agricoles et non agricoles. Elle analyse les problématiques auxquelles elles sont confrontées, les difficultés vécues par ces usagers des services sociaux. Et, à travers les multiples figures de « petites gens » rencontrées, se dessinent des destins sociaux inscrits dans un processus de reproduction. Dans ce contexte, la spécificité du travail social peut être caractérisée par trois missions principales : faire accéder aux droits, représenter l’État social, avoir un rôle de veilleur social. Ces spécificités, mais aussi l’approche de ces histoires de vie par le concept de reproduction sociale, interrogent le contenu des formations en travail social, ainsi que la formation continue des professionnels en milieu rural.
A MULTIPLE MODEL ALGORITHM FOR ESTIMATING MOTOR UNIT FIRING PATTERN STATISTICS
Authors: Paizi Koorosh , Parsaei Hossein , Movahedi Mohammad Mehdi
Published: October 2018

The firing patterns and recruitment behavior of motor units (MUs) during a muscle contraction can be used in diagnosing neuromuscular disorder, studying motor control, improving the performance of electromyography (EMG) signal decomposition, and assessing the validity of MU potential trains extracted by an EMG decomposition algorithm. However, MU firing patterns extracted via EMG decomposition might contain several missed or erroneous that can lead to misleading conclusion. In this paper, we presented a multiple model estimation system (MMES) for estimating the mean ([Formula: see text]) and standard deviation ([Formula: see text]) of inter-discharge intervals (IDIs) of a MU. The presented MMES aggregates an existing error-filtered estimation (EFE) algorithm and a multiple linear regression model to estimate both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The MMES estimates these two parameters using 10 features extracted from given IDIs and initial estimation of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] values provided by EFE algorithm. Evaluation results using both simulated and real IDIs revealed that MMES performed better than EFE algorithm in estimating both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] values in terms of root mean square error (RMSE), estimating variance and the range of estimated values. The RMSE values for MMES in estimating [Formula: see text] for simulated and real IDIs, respectively, were [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] that are statistically lower than that of EFE algorithm with RMSE [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. In estimating [Formula: see text] in simulated and real IDIs, RMSE values of MMES, respectively were [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] that was significantly lower than those values obtained for EFE [Formula: see text] (for simulated IDIs) and [Formula: see text] (for real IDIs). More importantly, MMES outperformed EFE algorithm for real train with right-skewed IDI distribution. Consequently, MMES is more accurate, reliable and consistent than EFE algorithm for estimating IDI mean and standard deviation.
Multi-Agent-Based Analysis and Design of Decision-Support System for Real-Time Environment Control
Authors: Das Namrata , Kundu Anirban
Published: October 2018

The authors analyze different temperatures in different times and different seasons. They apply well-known data analysis agents, such as interpretation analysis, observation analysis, deductive analysis, and predictive analysis on the proposed framework. Some temperature values fall in intersected zones in which it is not definite to decide output measurement based on real-time temperature. In such scenarios, they apply fuzzy reasoning for analyzing real-time data and find the best possible solutions. Maximum method and centroid method are used for better performance in achieving optimum results for specific decisions as a support system.
A New Block Cipher System Using Cellular Automata and Ant Colony Optimization (BC-CaACO)
Authors: Hanin Charifa , Omary Fouzia , Elbernoussi Souad , Achkoun Khadija , Echandouri Bouchra
Published: October 2018

The communication of private information is very dangerous, since unauthorized entities can intercept it. Thus, encryption is one of the principal information security solutions that helps keep information confidentiality. This latter can be satisfied by the use of various encryption techniques, namely block cipher. In this paper, the authors propose a novel block cipher using reversible and irreversible one-dimensional cellular automata (CA) with an ant colony optimization (ACO)-based S-box in order to establish more confusion. The obtained experimental results confirm that the designed cipher resists against statistical attacks, and it has both good confusion and diffusion comparing to the existent classical symmetric cryptosystems.
Management Efficiency and Profitability of Selected Indian Public and Private Sector Banks
Authors: Kumar J.  , Thamil Selvan R.
Published: October 2018

Commercial banks play a vital role in the development of the industry and trade. The present article identifies management efficiency and profitability of selected Indian public and private sector banks. The study considered a sample of top ten banks (7 public sector banks and 3 private sector banks) for the period from April 1, 2005 to March 31, 2016. The study is based on the secondary data, procured and extracted from financial statements of the selected banks. The collected data has been analyzed using various financial ratios and statistical tools like geometric mean standard deviation and compounded annual growth rate have been accomplished.
NoSQL Database Classification
Authors: Acharya Biswaranjan , Jena Ajaya Kumar , Chatterjee Jyotir Moy , Kumar Raghvendra , Le Dac-Nhuong
Published: October 2018

The rapid growth in the digital world in form of exponentiation to accommodate huge amount of structured, semi-structured, unstructured and hybrid data received from different sources. By using the conventional data management tools, it is quite impossible to manage this semi-structured and unstructured data for which a non-relational database management system such as NoSQL and NewSQL are used to handle such types of data. These types of semi-structured and structured data are generally considered ‘Big Data.' This article describes the basic characteristics, background and the models of NoSQL used for big data applications. In this work, the authors surveyed different NoSQL characteristics used by the researchers and try to compare the strength and weakness of different NoSQL databases.
Fraction Lipophilicity Index (FLI)
Authors: Tsantili-Kakoulidou Anna , Chatzopoulou Maria , Demopoulos Vassilis J.
Published: October 2018

Fraction lipophilicity index (FLI) was developed as a metric for assessing oral drug likeness of ionizable chemical entities, as a weighted combination of log P and log D according to equation: FLI = 2xlog P–log D. The dataset included basic and acidic oral drugs introduced worldwide from 1994-2013. Using MedChemDesigner for logP and logD calculations, a drug-like FLI range of 1-8 is defined, whereas ClogP leads to a broader FLI(C) range of 1-10. A comparison of FLI with Rule of 5 showed that oral drugs with a two fold violation were well accommodated within the specified FLI ranges. Calculations of FLI and FLI(C) for 41 drugs with poor/moderately absorption showed that 40% of them have values outside the suggested drug-like ranges, while a distinct gap in the FLI and FLI(C) space permits the recommendation of ‘safer' ranges: for bases between 5-8 and 5-10 for FLI and FLI(C), respectively, and for acids between 4-7. Application of FLI to a test set of investigational compounds placed all of them within the drug-like FLI/ FLI(C) range, while discriminating two out of three low permeable molecules.
Integration Stages of Project Risk Management (PRM) into Enterprise Risk Management (ERM)
Authors: Agarwal Ruchi , Virine Lev
Published: October 2018

Enterprise risk management (ERM) is a relatively new concept for a project-based organization than for a functional organization. A project-based organization, in general, faces several difficulties in the implementation of ERM due to the diversity of risk associated with several projects. From a system thinking perspective, a project-based organization needs an integrated approach to interrelate the isolated processes of diverse projects. The issues are related to fuzzy picture of integration, such as, the difference between ERM and PRM processes, how to integrate the two concepts, what happens if integration process goes wrong, as well as issues with risk technologies and change in risk culture. The article provides informal and formal approaches to integration of ERM and PRM. Successful integration requires not only an understanding the value of integration, improvement in risk culture, but needs a learning-based approach to improve risk expertise, interaction, team building, and decision making.
Firm Value and Self-Insurance
Authors: Chang Mu-Sheng , Chiu Hsin-Hui , Jin Yanbo
Published: October 2018

This article explores whether the alternative risk-transfer technique in the form of self-insurance can add value to the manufacturers that have self-insured for workers' compensation (WC) losses. The authors focus on publicly-owned manufacturers with at least 1,000 employees in California over the period 1970–2015 to examine the value implications of self-insurance adoption. This study employs a treatment-effects model to simultaneously estimate the determinants of self-insurance and the effect of self-insurance on firm value. The authors find that the relationship between firm value and self-insurance is time dependent. Risk preference for self-insurance reflects in higher market valuation among manufacturers over the periods of 1970–1983 and 1986–1999. These results suggest that self-insurance has a positive impact on firm value in the 1970s through the 1990s except for the liability crisis years 1984–1985. However, the benefits of self-insurance fail to materialize for self-insured manufacturers in the 2000s.
The Value of Marketing in Project Environments from Three Key Perspectives
Authors: Galli Brian J.
Published: October 2018

Marketing is a tool that can prove to be very valuable to many different areas of business; it has impacts on several different areas, but it is important to analyze the relationships that technical marketing has with three key areas, those being: the voice of the customer, technology, and new product development. In any marketing investment, it is important to identify the target customer, collect the information about the customer and what the customer's want. The company could use “voice customer” to understand the needs and wants of customers. Understanding and realizing the customer's needs and requirements have been recognized an unavoidable challenge for a company. The poor understanding of the customers' need and the inaccurate assumption for the questionnaire will lead to a negative implication on product's design and quality, and will also lead to more cost and time.
Investigation of the Influence of Fillers of Various Nature on the Properties of Polyether Sulfone and Determination of the Possibility of Using Composites on their Basis in 3D-Printing
Authors: Slonov Azamat L. , Zhansitov Azamat A. , Musov Ismel V. , Khakyasheva Elina V. , Kuchmenova L.Kh. , Khashirova S.Yu.
Published: October 2018

The results of the studies of the effect of excipients of mineral and organic origin on the mechanical properties of polyether sulfone based on 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl and 4,4'-dichlordiphenylsulfone are adduced. It has been shown that the introduction of hard fillers is accompanied by the increased modulus and reduced ductility of the polymer matrix, the intensity of these effects depends on the concentration, shape and particle size additives. It was revealed that the composites with talc and discrete carbon fibers were characterized by higher mechanical properties. Their test as materials for FDM 3D printing method shows the highest suitability composites with talc for this technology.
Oxidative Polymerization of 3-Amino,2'-,(3')–Nitrodiphenylazomethin
Authors: Borukaev Timur A. , Malamatov A.Kh. , Vindizheva M.K. , Orlov A.V. , Kiseleva S.G.
Published: October 2018

Oxidative polymerization of 3-amino,2'-,(3')-nitrodiphenylazomethine was carried out in various ways. A possible mechanism for the polymerization of 3-amino,2'-,(3')- nitrodiphenylazomethine, where chain growth occurs as type N-C, is shown. It has been found that the yield of the polymer product is affected by the polymerization process and time. The chemical structure of the polymers obtained is established. The study of the thermal properties of polymers showed a low thermal stability and the process of destruction proceeds in two stages.
Deformation-Strength Properties of Polyether Ketones
Authors: Asueva Louise , Nasurova Madina A. , Khasbulatova Zinaida S. , Shustov Gennady B.
Published: October 2018

Polymers with high performance and technological properties attract interest in the modern world. This is because they find great use in various spheres of human activity. Researches of such mechanical characteristics as tensile strength, tensile elongation in the conditions of the big loadings applied to it are carried out.
Thermal Stability of Polyetherketones
Authors: Shabaev Albert S. , Zhansitov Azamat A. , Khashirova S.Yu.
Published: October 2018

The thermal stability of polyether ketone, polyetheretherketone, polyarylene ketone at 400-500 °C was studied by gas chromatography. It was found out that the thermal destruction of polyetherketones and polyetheretherketones begins with the rupture of the ketone group, and polyarylene ketones with the detachment of the methyl group and the rupture of the ether linkage of the diane fragment.
Study of the Effect of Processing Cycles on the Thermophysical Properties of Polyether Ether Ketone
Authors: Zhansitov Azamat A. , Shabaev Albert S. , Shakhmurzova K.T. , Kurdanova Zh.I. , Mamkhegov Rustam M. , Khashirova S.Yu.
Published: October 2018

The effect of heating cycles of polyether ether ketone up to 420 °C on the thermophysical properties was studied by the method of differential-scanning calorimetry. It is shown that with each subsequent heating the glass transition temperature increases, while the melting and crystallization temperature decreases, which may indicate an increase in the molecular weight of the polymer due to the structuring processes. The main degradation products of polyether ether ketone in air at temperatures of 350-450 °C were determined by gas chromatography and thermal decomposition schemes were proposed.
Acrylate and Methacrylate Guanidine-Ionic Liquids for Dissolution of Cellulose
Authors: Khashirova S.S. , Zhansitov Azamat A. , Isupova Zalina Yu. , Elcheparova S.A. , Khashirova S.Yu.
Published: October 2018

It was shown for the first time that guanidine acrylate and methacrylate can act as ionic liquids for direct dissolution of cellulose (the solubility of dialdehyde cellulose is 27 % at the temperature of 60 °C). The conditions for the use of new ionic liquids as a dialdehyde cellulose solvent are found out: the temperature (60 °C), concentration of aqueous solution of acrylate (methacrylate) guanidine (1 mol/L).
Modified Organoclay and Study of its Structures
Authors: Begieva Madina B. , Nyrova Fatima M. , Tsoroeva Zalina I. , Gudova Yuliya Kh. , Begieva Milana Kh. , Blyashev Alim V. , Amshokova Dinara B.
Published: October 2018

On the basis of montmorillonite Na + -form and acrylamide, a water-soluble monomer, a modified organoclay was obtained. The structures and properties of synthesized compounds are investigated. It was shown that the modified organoclay can be used to prepare a polymer composite
Influence Study of Plasticizer Compatibility on Strength Properties of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate
Authors: Volotskoy A.N. , Yurkin Yuriy V. , Avdonin V.V.
Published: October 2018

This research is devoted to the actual problem of the development of damping polymer materials which are effective in a wide range of temperatures and having satisfactory strength characteristics. There are many works devoted to the study of dynamic mechanical properties of filled composites, but most do not take into account the influence of plasticizer on the strength properties of the polymer, as they change its characteristics for the worse. In this respect, the study and comparison of the mechanical properties of the polymer base with the introduction of different types and concentrations of plasticizers is an urgent task. According to the received regularities it was possible to define the type, concentration and boundaries of the polarity of the plasticizer, which reduces the strength characteristics of ethylene-vinyl acetate to a lesser degree.
Increasing the Work of the Diamond Grinding Circuits for the Account of Directed Changes in the Heat Conductivity of a Polymer Matrix
Authors: Deunezhev Zalim N.
Published: October 2018

Numerical simulation has been used to study the temperature field in a diamond-containing composite on a polymer matrix. It is shown that an increase in the thermal conductivity of the matrix due to fillers provides a reduction in the thermal load on the polymer binder.
Bio-Polyesters
Authors: Kernitskiy Victor I.
Published: October 2018

The prospects for the production and use of bio-polymers: Polylactide (PLA) and Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) which are becoming increasingly popular in modern industry due to the complex of valuable properties.
‘Let us be given vegetables to eat and water to drink’: The diet consumed by Daniel and his friends as clarified in the commentary of Abraham Ibn Ezra
Authors: Shemesh Abraham O.
Published: October 2018

According to the biblical story, Daniel, Hananya, Mishael and Azarya refused to eat the food produced by the Babylonian royal kitchen, asking instead to be provided with vegetables (Dn 1:1–21). The current paper examines Abraham Ibn Ezra’s (c. 1090–1164) interpretation of the boys’ diet based on contemporary culinary and nutritional habits. Ibn Ezra’s basic claim is that Daniel and his friends appeared healthy and well-disposed because they ate rice and chickpea dishes that have a high nutritional value. Ibn Ezra rules out R. Saadya Gaon’s approach that it was a supernatural miracle and suggests an interpretation whereby this is a completely natural health outcome. Based on nutritional and medical knowledge, Ibn Ezra claims that the diet consumed by Daniel and his friends was fairly nourishing, and thus it is no surprise that they appeared healthy. Ibn Ezra was strongly influenced by the crops and dishes of Muslim cuisine, as well as by the nutritional-medical outlooks common in the medieval Arab region.