bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resource Dependence and the Question of Autonomy in Environmental NGOs: Cases in China and the US
Authors: Pei Cheng , Parris Kristen
Published: July 2020

Studies of social organizations in the People’s Republic of China during the reform period emphasized their limited power and dependent nature, particularly when compared to the US, where associational life is generally understood as relatively independent from the state. More recently China scholars have found greater variation and complexity among social organizations in China and while others increasingly recognize hybridity in American and European organizations. There are, however, few studies comparing the NPO sector and its relationship with the state across regime types. Using resource dependence theory as a lens through which to examine the behaviors and development of two environmental protection organizations, one from China and one from the US, we identify similarities among social organizations operating in very different political and social contexts. Highly specialized organizations, with access to alternative resources can maintain an unexpected level of autonomy, even when the larger institutional context limits and controls associational life.
A new species of Rhinophis Hemprich, 1820 (Reptilia: Uropeltidae), from cloud forest of the Knuckles massif of Sri Lanka
Authors: WICKRAMASINGHE L.J. MENDIS , VIDANAPATHIRANA DULAN RANGA , WICKRAMASINGHE NETHU , GOWER DAVID J.
Published: July 2020

A new species of uropeltid snake is described from the Knuckles Conservation Forest, Matale District, Sri Lanka. Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov. is superficially most similar to Rhinophis phillipsi in having yellow lines on the dorsum, blotches on the lateral body, and a relatively small tail shield, but it differs from that species in having substantially fewer ventrals, and a unique number and disposition of the dorsal yellow lines and lateral blotches. The new description brings the uropeltid fauna of Sri Lanka to 17 currently recognized species, all Rhinophis.
Electronic nicotine delivery system-induced alterations in oral health via saliva assessment
Authors: Alqahtani Saeed , Cooper Bruce , Spears Claire A , Wright Christa , Shannahan Jonathan
Published: July 2020

Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is becoming increasingly prevalent. ENDS aerosols contain a variety of toxic components that may adversely impact health. Although exposure to traditional cigarette smoke is a risk factor for periodontal disease, the effects of ENDS on oral health have not been adequately examined. To evaluate potential oral health effects associated with ENDS use, a pilot study was performed with 14 current ENDS users and 16 never tobacco users. Participants completed questionnaires about their ENDS use and overall health. Saliva samples were assessed for differential biomarkers of inflammation, toxicity, and disease development. This included evaluation of specific inflammatory cytokines and the global assessment of alterations in metabolites. ENDS users were determined to have elevated saliva levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α indicative of inflammation. Metabolite profiling determined 368 metabolites were differentially expressed in the saliva of ENDS users versus never tobacco users. Cotinine, the primary metabolite of nicotine, was the most significantly altered metabolite between the groups. Increased levels of prostaglandins and leukotrienes indicated that ENDS users exhibited increased arachidonic acid metabolism compared to never tobacco users. Additionally, a variety of other metabolites known to be involved in immune signaling such as gangliosides, ceramides, angiotensin, and others were also different between groups. Overall, our pilot study demonstrates differential saliva component profiles in current ENDS users, which may contribute to periodontal disease development. These alterations suggest specific pathways of oral disease induced by ENDS use and could be utilized as potential future biomarkers.

Impact statement

The use of traditional tobacco products is a known risk factor for the development of diseases including periodontal disease. To date, the potential oral health effects related to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use is unknown. This study collected saliva from ENDS users and never tobacco users to examine differences in the oral cavity of inflammatory cytokines and metabolites. The identification and measurement of these ENDS-related changes provide insight into disease pathways potentially associated with ENDS use. The utilization of saliva samples collected from human participates enhances the application of the findings compared to the majority of studies using cell culture and animal models. In addition, these foundational findings can inform future studies to examining specific pathways identified, interventional approaches, and application of translatable biomarkers of ENDS use.
Boost of single-photon emission by perfect coupling of InAs/GaAs quantum dot and micropillar cavity mode
Authors: Li Shulun , Chen Yao , Shang Xiangjun , Yu Ying , Yang Jiawei , Huang Junhui , Su Xiangbin , Shen Jiaxin , Sun Baoquan , Ni Haiqiao , Su Xingliang , Wang Kaiyou , Niu Zhichuan
Published: July 2020

We proposed a precise calibration process of Al 0.9Ga0.1As/GaAs DBR micropillar cavity to match the single InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) exciton emission and achieve cavity mode resonance and a great enhancement of QD photoluminescence (PL) intensity. Light-matter interaction of single QD in DBR micropillar cavity (Q ∼ 3800) under weak coupling regime was investigated by temperature-tuned PL spectra; a pronounced enhancement (14.6-fold) of QD exciton emission was observed on resonance. The second-order autocorrelation measurement shows g(2)(0)=0.070, and the estimated net count rate before the first objective lens reaches 1.6×107 counts/s under continuous wave excitation, indicating highly pure single-photon emission at high count rates.
A multi-omics supervised autoencoder for pan-cancer clinical outcome endpoints prediction
Authors: Tan Kaiwen , Huang Weixian , Hu Jinlong , Dong Shoubin
Published: July 2020

Background

With the rapid development of sequencing technologies, collecting diverse types of cancer omics data become more cost-effective. Many computational methods attempted to represent and fuse multiple omics into a comprehensive view of cancer. However, different types of omics are related and heterogeneous. Most of the existing methods do not consider the difference between omics, so the biological knowledge of individual omics may not be fully excavated. And for a given task (e.g. predicting overall survival), these methods prefer to use sample similarity or domain knowledge to learn a more reasonable representation of omics, but it’s not enough.

Methods

For the purpose of learning more useful representation for individual omics and fusing them to improve the prediction ability, we proposed an autoencoder-based method named MOSAE (Multi-omics Supervised Autoencoder). In our method, a specific autoencoder were designed for each omics according to their size of dimension to generate omics-specific representations. Then, a supervised autoencoder was constructed based on specific autoencoder by using labels to enforce each specific autoencoder to learn both omics-specific and task-specific representations. Finally, representations of different omics that generate from supervised autoencoders were fused in a traditional but powerful way, and the fused representation was used for subsequent predictive tasks.

Results

We applied our method over TCGA Pan-Cancer dataset to predict four different clinical outcome endpoints (OS, PFI, DFI, and DSS). Compared with traditional and state-of-the-art methods, MOSAE achieved better predictive performance. We also tested the effects of each improvement, which all have a positive effect on predictive performance.

Conclusions

Predicting clinical outcome endpoints are very important for precision medicine and personalized medicine. And multi-omics fusion is an effective way to solve this problem. MOSAE is a powerful multi-omics fusion method, which can generate both omics-specific and task-specific representation for given endpoint predictive tasks and improve the predictive performance.
A machine learning framework for accurately recognizing circular RNAs for clinical decision-supporting
Authors: Wang Yidan , Zhang Xuanping , Wang Tao , Xing Jinchun , Wu Zhun , Li Wei , Wang Jiayin
Published: July 2020

Background

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are those RNA molecules that lack the poly (A) tails, which present the closed-loop structure. Recent studies emphasized that some circRNAs imply different functions from canonical transcripts, and further associated with complex diseases. Several computational methods have been developed for detecting circRNAs from RNA-seq data. However, the existing methods prefer to high sensitivity strategies, which always introduce many false positives. Thus, in clinical decision-supporting system, a comprehensive filtering approach is needed for accurately recognizing real circRNAs for decision models.

Methods

In this paper, we first reviewed the detection strategies of the existing methods. According to the features from RNA-seq data, we showed that any single feature (data signal) selected by the existing strategies cannot accurately distinguish a circRNA. However, we found that some combinations of those features (data signals) could be used as signatures for recognizing circRNAs. To avoid the high computational complexity of the combinational optimization problem, we present CIRCPlus2, which adopts a machine learning framework to recognize real circRNAs according to multiple data signals captured from RNA-seq data. By comparing multiple machine learning frameworks, CIRCPlus2 adopts a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) framework.

Results

Given a set of candidate circRNAs, reported by any existing detection tool(s), the features of each candidate are extracted from the aligned reads. The GBDT framework can be trained by a training dataset. By applying the selected features on the framework, the predictions on true/false positives are reported. To verify the performance of the proposed approach, we conducted several groups of experiments on both real RNA-seq datasets and a series of simulation datasets with different preset configurations. The results demonstrated that CIRCPlus2 clearly improved the specificities, while it also maintained high levels of sensitivities.

Conclusions

Filtering false positives is quite important in RNA-seq data analysis pipeline. Machine learning framework is suitable for solving this filtering problem. CIRCPlus2 is an efficient approach to identify the false positive circRNAs from the real ones.
A benchmark dataset and case study for Chinese medical question intent classification
Authors: Chen Nan , Su Xiangdong , Liu Tongyang , Hao Qizhi , Wei Ming
Published: July 2020

Background

To provide satisfying answers, medical QA system has to understand the intentions of the users’ questions precisely. For medical intent classification, it requires high-quality datasets to train a deep-learning approach in a supervised way. Currently, there is no public dataset for Chinese medical intent classification, and the datasets of other fields are not applicable to the medical QA system. To solve this problem, we construct a Chinese medical intent dataset (CMID) using the questions from medical QA websites. On this basis, we compare four intent classification models on CMID using a case study.

Methods

The questions in CMID are obtained from several medical QA websites. The intent annotation standard is developed by the medical experts, which includes four types and 36 subtypes of users’ intents. Besides the intent label, CMID also provides two types of additional information, including word segmentation and named entity. We use the crowdsourcing way to annotate the intent information for each Chinese medical question. Word segmentation and named entities are obtained using the Jieba and a well-trained Lattice-LSTM model. We loaded a Chinese medical dictionary consisting of 530,000 for word segmentation to obtain a more accurate result. We also select four popular deep learning-based models and compare their performances of intent classification on CMID.

Results

The final CMID contains 12,000 Chinese medical questions and is organized in JSON format. Each question is labeled the intention, word segmentation, and named entity information. The information about question length, number of entities, and are also detailed analyzed. Among Fast Text, TextCNN, TextRNN, and TextGCN, Fast Text and TextCNN models have achieved the best results in four types and 36 subtypes intent classification, respectively.

Conclusions

In this work, we provide a dataset for Chinese medical intent classification, which can be used in medical QA and related fields. We performed an intent classification task on the CMID. In addition, we also did some analysis on the content of the dataset.
Magnetic compression anastomosis for non-anastomotic stenosis of the proximal jejunum after total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction: a case report
Authors: Kamada Teppei , Ohdaira Hironori , Takeuchi Hideyuki , Takahashi Junji , Marukuchi Rui , Suzuki Norihiko , Narihiro Satoshi , Hoshimoto Sojun , Yoshida Masashi , Yamanouchi Eigoro , Suzuki Yutaka
Published: July 2020

Background

Postoperative non-anastomotic stenosis of the proximal jejunum after total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction is a rare complication. If endoscopic balloon dilation proves ineffective, patients need re-operation under general anesthesia and experience a high rate of postoperative complications. Magnetic compression anastomosis is a nonsurgical procedure that can create an anastomosis similar to that obtained through surgery. We report a case in which magnetic compression anastomosis was successfully performed to avoid re-operation for non-anastomotic stenosis of the proximal jejunum after total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction.

Case presentation

A 70-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for treatment of non-anastomotic stenosis of the proximal jejunum. Open total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction were performed 2 years previously for advanced gastric cancer at another hospital. She complained of anorexia and obstructed passage of food. No recurrence of gastric cancer was identified. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed circumferential membranous stenosis of the jejunum 3 cm distal to the esophago-jejunal anastomosis. Endoscopic balloon dilation was performed three times, but proved ineffective. Magnetic compression anastomosis was planned because the stenosis existed near the esophago-jejunal anastomosis and re-operation was a highly invasive procedure requiring intrathoracic anastomosis. Endoscopic balloon dilation preceded placement of the parent magnet on the anal side of the stenosis. Confirming the improvement of stenosis, the parent magnet was placed on the anal side of the stenosis during esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The parent magnet attached to nylon thread was fixed to the cheek to prevent magnet migration. A week after placing the parent magnet, restenosis was confirmed and the daughter magnet was placed via nylon thread on the oral side of the stenosis. The two magnets were adsorbed in the end-to-end direction across the stenosis. Magnets adsorbed in the end-to-end direction moved to the anal side 11 days after placement. Wide anastomosis was confirmed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Endoscopic balloon dilation was regularly performed to prevent restenosis after magnetic compression anastomosis. No complications were observed postoperatively. The patient was able to eat normally and successfully reintegrated into society.

Conclusions

Magnetic compression anastomosis could be a feasible procedure to avoid surgery for non-anastomotic stenosis of the proximal jejunum after gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction.
The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on meeting needs for family planning: a global scenario by contraceptive methods used
Authors: Dasgupta Aisha , Kantorová Vladimíra , Ueffing Philipp
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 crisis could leave significant numbers of women and couples without access to essential sexual and reproductive health care. This research note analyses differences in contraceptive method mix across Sustainable Development Goal regions and applies assumed method-specific declines in use to produce an illustrative scenario of the potential impact of COVID-19 on contraceptive use and on the proportion of the need for family planning satisfied by modern methods. Globally, it had been estimated that 77 per cent of women of reproductive age (15-49 years) would have their need for family planning satisfied with modern contraceptive methods in 2020. However, taking into account the potential impact of COVID-19 on method-specific use, this could fall to 71 per cent, resulting in around 60 million fewer users of modern contraception worldwide in 2020. Overall declines in contraceptive use will depend on the methods used by women and their partners and on the types of disruptions experienced. The analysis concludes with the recommendation that countries should include family planning and reproductive health services in the package of essential services and develop strategies to ensure that women and couples are able to exercise their reproductive rights during the COVID-19 crisis.
En Marche! – nowy ruch czy nowa partia?
Authors: Cimke Marta
Published: July 2020

En Marche! – New Political Movement or New Party? The Program and the Structure In the face of the emergence of new political movements and political parties, clearly defining these formations has emerged as a specific difficulty. The subject of the article is the La République En Marche! It came up as a movement, then transformed into a political party, gaining in popularity and securing victories in the parliamentary elections. The aim of the paper is to present the genesis and transformations within this organization and its present program. An attempt will also be made to answer the question – whether in the case of En Marche! we can talk about a new political movement, a new political party or a hybrid political organization that combines the elements of both the movement and the party.
Nonstationary Bandits with Habituation and Recovery Dynamics
Authors: Mintz Yonatan , Aswani Anil , Kaminsky Philip , Flowers Elena , Fukuoka Yoshimi
Published: July 2020

In many sequential decision-making settings where there is uncertainty about the reward of each action, frequent selection of specific actions may reduce expected reward while choosing less frequently selected actions could lead to an increase. These effects are commonly observed in settings ranging from personalized healthcare interventions and targeted online advertising. To address this problem, the authors propose a new class of models called ROGUE (reducing or gaining unknown efficacy) multiarmed bandits. In the paper, the authors present a maximum likelihood approach to estimate the parameters of these models, and we show that these estimates can be used to construct upper confidence bound algorithms and epsilon-greedy algorithms for optimizing these models with strong theoretical guarantees. The authors conclude with a simulation study to show that these algorithms perform better than current nonstationary bandit algorithms in terms of both cumulative regret and average reward.
Трансформация репродуктивного поведения в контексте жизненных стратегий российской молодежи
Authors: Котов Дмитрий Алексеевич , Грек Наталья Владимировна
Published: July 2020

В статье рассматривается влияние современных динамически меняющихся социальных процессов на жизненно-стилевые стратегии молодежи в России. Опираясь на подходы к изучению жизненных стратегий молодежи и их типологии, авторы проанализировали основные социологические подходы к детерминации социальной идентичности молодежи в личной жизни, межличностных отношениях, в профессиональной и социальной сферах. Указанные трансформации особенным образом влияют на выстраивание стратегии семейных отношений, в том числе в отношении деторождения. Проведенная по результатам кластерного анализа сегментация опрошенных выявила четыре основные жизненные стратегии, для каждой из которых были описаны ключевые особенности составляющей ее аудитории. Выявленные особенности проанализированы с использованием качественных методов анализа, что позволило более полно рассмотреть причины и мотивы выбора молодежью конкретной жизненной стратегии в контексте пронаталистской социальной политики. Определены ключевые причины откладывания молодежью вступления в брачно-семейные отношения, уменьшения значимости традиционных семейных ценностей, особенностей репродуктивного планирования. Новизна представленной научной работы заключается в анализе изменений стратегий деторождения у современной молодежи и определяющих ее факторов, а также в построении модели сегментации молодежи в зависимости от приоритетных смысловых конструктов.
Co widzi „burlucze oko”? Przekład literacki jako zdarzenie percepcyjne
Authors: Brzostowska-Tereszkiewicz Tamara
Published: July 2020

Przedmiotem artykułu są problemy artystycznej reprezentacji widzenia jednoocznego w kubofuturystycznej twórczości Dawida Burluka, którą Wielimir Chlebnikow scharakteryzował jako „czary martwego burluczego oka”. Analiza porównawcza poetyckiej miniatury Dawida Burluka „Kartina” (1932) i jej polskiego przekładu autorstwa Edwarda Balcerzana (1967) obejmuje aspekty językowo-stylistycznej reprezentacji podmiotowego doświadczenia percepcyjnego, literackiej tematyzacji ludzkiej cielesności, wewnątrztekstowych sygnałów aktywności twórczej tłumacza, translatorskiej transformacji doświadczenia percepcyjnego oraz sensorycznej percepcji utworu literackiego w kulturach źródłowej i docelowej.
Rosyjscy emigranci w miniaturach satyrycznych Arkadija Awierczenki
Authors: Bielniak Nel
Published: July 2020

The transformations in Russian satirical literature conditioned by the difficult emigration situation were reflected in the works of Arkady Averchenko, one of the most significant satirists of pre-revolutionary Russia. In his short stories created in exile, the writer showed the problems and dilemmas that his fellow-countrymen had to face abroad, mainly in Constantinople and Prague. The feeling of homelessness, loneliness and uprooting that accompanied the emigrants constantly intensified the need for self-identification in a foreign culture, which was demonstrated in manifesting their national distinctiveness, confronting new customs and idealizing the Russian past. By immortalizing the mood, spiritual life and living conditions as well as a specific metamorphosis of Russian emigrants, Averchenko did not forget about their vices. Therefore, the short stories of the emigration period, in which the writer willingly combined elements of comedy and tragedy, were saturated with self-irony, pain and bitter reflection, skillfully hidden under the mask of humour and satire.
Pharmacological Inactivation of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Does Not Support Dichotomous “Go/Stop” Roles for Dorsal and Ventral Subdivisions in Natural Reward Seeking in Rats
Authors: Carney Rosalind S.E.
Published: July 2020

Highlighted Research Paper:Differential Effects of Dorsal and Ventral Medial Prefrontal Cortex Inactivation during Natural Reward Seeking, Extinction, and Cue-Induced Reinstatement. Jessica P. Caballero, Garrett B. Scarpa, Luke Remage-Healey, David E. Moorman.
FEATURESELECTIONFOR PREDICTING THE PATIENT STATE IN DISTANTPOSTOPERATIVE PERIOD
Authors: Dydyk Anastasiia P. , Nosovets Olena K. , Babenko Vitalii O.
Published: July 2020

The optimization problem of patients with congenital heart defects state in the distant postoperative period consists of finding a specific treatment strategy that gives the best rest, taking into account the initial state of a patient. However, there may be too many input variables for this type of task, which significantly increases the risk of worsening the result. The work describes the process of analyzing feature selection algorithms, where features act as indicators of patients with congenital heart defects, applying the mechanism of these algorithms to reduce the dimension (quantity) of input features, and using selected features to predict patients’ state indicators in the distant period. The purpose of the study was to find the optimal composition of indicators that would retain as much information as possible for predicting indicators of the state of patients. Among the analyzed feature selection algorithms, the correlation feature selection method was chosen. The function of the additive convolution of state indicators was used as an output variable. This function was obtained by the Best-Worst method (one of multi-criteria decision making methods). To predict patient state indicators, five classification algorithms were proposed: logistic regression, linear discriminate analysis, random forest, mixed step-by-step algorithm of group method of data handling, and group method of data handling with neurons. Before using them, the total samples weredivided into train (eightypercent) and test (twenty percent) samples. The first three algorithms were programmed in Python, while the others were calculated in GMDH Shell DS software. Algorithms give seventy-eight and four tenths of accuracy on average on the test sample. The results will be used to improve the unified algorithm for optimizing the state of patients, which was obtained in previous studies, and includes a genetic algorithm and analytic hierarchy process.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE NONLINEAR DYNAMIC OBJECTS DIAGNOSTIC MODEL BASED ON OF MULTIPLE FACTORS VARIANCE ANALYSIS
Authors: Fomin Oleksandr O. , Ruban Oleksandr D. , Fedorova Hanna M. , Bartalyov Pavlo E. , Katsiuk Dmytro G.
Published: July 2020

In this work, the problem of diagnostic models constructing under conditions of description dimension increase in the modern diagnostic objectssolves. As a diagnostic objects considers the nonlinear dynamics objects with continuous characteristicsand an unknown structure, which can be considered as a “black box”. The purposeof the work is to increase the reliability of the diagnosis of nonlinear dynamic objects by forming diagnostic models under conditionsof the objects description dimensionality increasing. A review of methods for reducing the dimensionality of the diagnostic features space is given. A method for the constructionof diagnostic models of nonlinear dynamic objects with weak nonlinearity on the basis of univariate and multivariate analysis of variance as a filtering stage of signs is proposed. A step-by-step algorithm for the constructionof diagnostic models using the proposed method is presented. On the example of the task of technical diagnosis a jet engine, diagnostic models are constructed on the basis of univariateand multivariate analysis of variance of continuous models. A family of diagnostic models of a jet engine is proposed.
The Books of Sigismund II Augustus in Vilnius University Library: Decorations of Book Covers and New Data about Provenances
Authors: Rankelienė Sondra
Published: July 2020

In this article, the latest data about the personal book collection items of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Sigismund II Augustus in Vilnius University (VU) Library are presented. The authors that have been doing research on these books have not ascertained all of the embossed images that were used for cover decoration and have not identified the locations of where these books were bound and have not disclosed all of the provenances. In order to amend the lack of knowledge about the books of Sigismund II Augustus in VU library, the book covers of the King’s personal library were reviewed de visu and decorative ornaments were described. The ownership signs of the books were registered once again. While describing and comparing these books with the copies in various libraries of the world, the number of physical books (14) and publications in composite volumes (21) kept in VU library was assessed. The name of one book and a publisher’s imprint of two books were specified, eight provenances that were not mentioned by previous authors were registered. While describing book covers, the embossed images were given provisory names. Connections between the supralibros, dates of binding, decorative wheels, single embossed images, and other decorative elements were detected and lead to a reasonable conclusion that eight out of fourteen books from the Sigismund II Augustus collection were bound in Kraków, five were bound by bookbinders in Vilnius, while one was rebound in the 18th century. The identification of tools used by craftsmen that worked in Kraków and Vilnius will allow to ascertain the manufacturing location of similar book covers made in the middle of the 16th century.
Aplicativo móvel como ferramenta de assistência e prevenção ao infarto agudo do miocárdio
Authors: Farias Queiroz de Souza Claudinalle , Souza Starch Melo de , Batista Rayanne Paullyne Da Silva , Bandeira Thaís Patrícia De Melo , Brandão Neto Waldemar , Silva Junior Walmir Soares da
Published: July 2020

O infarto agudo do miocárdio é o agravo que mais acomete a população, sendo o tempo entre a ocorrência do evento e a assistência decisivo para um melhor prognóstico. As tecnologias de informação e comunicação associadas a um aplicativo móvel podem auxiliar na brevidade no atendimento, especialmente se o indivíduo acometido pelo infarto entender esses sinais e sintomas rapidamente. Objetivo: Relatar o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo móvel em saúde para apoio ao paciente com sinais de Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio. Pesquisa do tipo desenvolvimento tecnológico realizado em duas etapas: pré-produção (levantamento bibliográfico sobre os fatores de risco e comorbidades relacionadas ao infarto e análise de aplicativos similares) e produção, baseada na estratégia do Design Thinking. Para o desenvolvimento do aplicativo, S.O.S Infarto, utilizou-se dos frameworks Apache Cordova e Ionic. A elaboração do escore de avaliação de risco de IAM, considerou as variáveis dor, história clínica e presença de sinais e sintomas de IAM. As funcionalidades do aplicativo são, cadastro, história clínica, sinais e sintomas relacionados ao IAM, chat, risco de IAM, lista de contatos, geolocalização, identificação de Unidades de Atendimento de Urgência, e o Saiba Mais. Conclusão: O S.O.S Infarto é uma ferramenta estratégica na assistência à saúde de pessoas com risco para IAM, a fim de provocar uma diminuição nas sequelas e aumento das chances de sobrevida da população.
Kajian Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir di Kelurahan Hajoran Induk Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Rahmadani Siti , Siburian Juliana Pebrina
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat pesisir di Kelurahan Hajoran Induk Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif berdasarkan metode survei. Sampel diambil dengan metode proporsional area random sampling. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan nelayan tergolong rendah yaitu tamat SD/sederajat, status kepemilikan rumah sendiri dengan jenis papan dengan jumlah anggota keluarga 4 - 6 orang. Tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga yang rendah disebabkan oleh tingkat pendapatan yang rendah dari anggota keluarga. Dengan demikian masyarakat pesisir di Kelurahan Hajoran Induk tergolong miskin dengan tingkat pendapatan yang tergolong rendah.
¿Genitivo subjetivo u objetivo? La historia de la filosofía como un instrumento metodológico
Authors: Placencia Luis
Published: July 2020

La expresión “historia de la filosofía” está compuesta de múltiples miembros. Algunos de ellos (v.gr. “historia”, “filosofía”) han sido objeto de ocupación del pensamiento filosófico desde hace siglos. En esta medida mucho se ha dicho sobre el sentido en que la historia de la filosofía es “filosofía” o es “historia”. En este trabajo busco dar cuenta del modo en que se puede acometer esta cuestión, pero desde un ángulo distinto, sc. haciéndose cargo de la pregunta por el genitivo contenido en la expresión “historia de la filosofía”. En conexión con ello se busca presentar diversos modelos de interpretación de la relación de la filosofía con su propia historia que se basan en el supuesto de que existe una distinción tajante entre ambas. Intentaré mostrar que los modelos aquí reseñados son inadecuados y que no logran dar cuenta de manera apropiada de la función metódica que tiene la historia de la filosofía para la filosofía misma.
La creación de capacitación reactiva como un factor movilizador para la actividad cognitiva de los estudiantes
Authors: Jabbarov Rashid , Valiyeva Yamen , Nasirova Nigar , Kazimova Kamila
Published: July 2020

El artículo examina la relación entre la actividad cognitiva y la creación de retroalimentación en el aprendizaje. El estudio se realizó en 120 estudiantes de la Universidad Estatal de Bakú. Se seleccionaron grupos experimentales y de control en la investigación y se llevaron a cabo en dos etapas. Durante la investigación, se utilizaron métodos de enseñanza modernos y otras técnicas para aumentar la actividad cognitiva. Un análisis comparativo de la primera y segunda etapa mostró que la relación entre el aumento de la actividad cognitiva y el mecanismo de retroalimentación es bilateral. Es decir, la creación de retroalimentación aumenta la actividad cognitiva, el aumento de la actividad cognitiva inevitablemente crea un mecanismo de retroalimentación. La investigación ha demostrado que existe una correlación entre los logros de aprendizaje (r = 0.29), la autorrealización (r = 0.33), la autoevaluación (r = 0.25), la motivación de aprendizaje (r = 0.35) y la actividad cognitiva en el grupo experimental. . El estudio concluye que el alto rendimiento académico está asociado con el deseo de lograr los mejores resultados, desarrollar el potencial y aumentar la autoestima a través del rendimiento académico. El estudio concluye que el deseo de desarrollar el potencial, lograr los mejores resultados con un alto rendimiento académico y aumentar la autoestima a través del rendimiento académico están interconectados. Es el mecanismo de retroalimentación que puede actuar como una condición para mejorar los logros de aprendizaje.
Oral Findings in Children, Adolescents and Adults with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Authors: Korporowicz Emil , Olczak-Kowalczyk Dorota , Lipiec Maja , Słowińska Monika , Gozdowski Dariusz , Jóźwiak Sergiusz
Published: July 2020

Objectives: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disorder characterized by the development of benign tumors. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of oral lesions in patients with TSC and healthy individuals. Study design: The study included 120 patients aged 1.1 to 42.7 years: 60 patients with TSC and 60 controls. Clinical assessment of oral hygiene (Plaque Index–PLI), gingiva (Gingival Index–GI, Gingival Overgrowth Index–GOI), oral mucosa and dentition (caries, tooth wear, enamel defects) was performed. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: 40 patients with TSC received anticonvulsants. Neglected hygiene (PLI: 1.50±0.96 vs 0.92±0.72), gingival hyperplasia (50.0% vs.1.7%), gingivitis (80.7% vs. 53.4%), oral mucosal fibromas (10.0% vs. 0.0%), mucous membrane traumatic lesions (11.7% vs. 1.7%), enamel pits and hypoplasia of incisal borders (41.7% vs. 6.7%), tooth wear (35.0% vs. 11.7%) were more common in patients with TSC compared to controls; increased gingival hyperplasia was correlated with vigabatrin and levetiracetam treatment (r = 0.266 and 0.279, respectively), gingivitis was correlated with PLI (r= 0.635). Conclusions: Although gingival fibromas in TSC are independent of patient’s age, young age, anticonvulsant therapy and local factors increase their severity. Enamel defects in TSC include pits, but also enamel loss on the incisal edges and tooth wear.
La responsabilidad por daños constitucionales en la acción de Tutela
Authors: MONDRAGÓN DUARTE SERGIO LUIS , PÉREZ MEDINA ANDRÉS GUSTAVO
Published: July 2020

El cometido de este documento es el desarrollo de una teoría de responsabilidad por daños constitucionales, a través de la facultad que tiene el juez constitucional en sede de tutela de realizar condenas en abstracto ante acciones que trasgredan los Derechos Fundamentales, así partiendo del texto del artículo 25 del Decreto 2591 de 1992 se ha hecho un gran desarrollo jurisprudencial por parte de la Corte Constitucional que se sincroniza con el principio de reparación integral.

 

De esta forma, la estrategia metodológica empleara un componente deductivo, como lo es el estudio de unas nociones genéricas, como también un componente inductivo, ello es el estudio de casos, para a partir de allí, intentar ofrecer algunos cimientos que permitan la construcción de una teoría de daños constitucionales en sede de tutela.
Competencias ciudadanas. Estudio de caso en el municipio de Zipaquirá
Authors: ANGEL GUARNIZO LUZ KARIME , MORENO DURÁN ÁLVARO HERNÁN
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo, expone la importancia del conocimiento y desarrollo de las competencias ciudadanas en una comunidad, como base de la participación ciudadana en el gobierno y administración pública local, fuente de desarrollo social y económica; además, presenta una propuesta de capacitación en este tema como estudio de caso, realizada en el municipio de Zipaquirá – Cundinamarca; con la participación de un grupo de líderes del municipio, orientados por docentes y estudiantes de la Institución Universitaria Colegios de Colombia – Unicoc. La información que se presenta, hace parte de los resultados de la investigación realizada por el grupo de investigación sociojurídica de Unicoc.
Between a Rock and a Hard Place
Authors: Bernstein Jeffrey
Published: July 2020

The present recurrence of mass atrocity crimes, though shocking, is nothing new. With conflict raging in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Myanmar, Sudan, and elsewhere, why have actors or coalitions outside the authority of the United Nations not emerged to exercise a credible deterrent and halt the bloodshed? Much of the answer lies within the framework of international law. This article seeks to understand whether the law serves as constrainer or enabler of unauthorised humanitarian interventions. I argue that the integrity of international law is best preserved by maintaining the illegality of unauthorised, militarily-coercive interventions. Simultaneously I posit that states should take the coercive actions necessary to end large-scale killing and that their actions should be considered and authorised, ex post facto, by the Security Council based on contextual “exceptionality.”
Les agences de notation dans la gouvernance financière internationale
Authors: Labrecque Sébastien
Published: July 2020

Le département de la Justice des États-Unis a déposé en février 2013 une poursuite contre l’agence de notation financière Standard and Poor’s. Celle-ci est accusée par le gouvernement américain d’avoir tourné les coins ronds en attribuant de bonnes notations à des titres financiers adossés à des hypothèques qui présentaient pourtant de grands risques et, ainsi, d’avoir contribué au déclenchement de la crise financière de 2008 aux États-Unis (Eaglesham, Neumann et Perez 2013).
Ideological Divergence and Issue Convergence
Authors: Manzer Brett
Published: July 2020

This article explores the role of nationalism in paradiplomacy, the phenomenon of sub-state entities engaging in international affairs. In regions characterized by strong nationalist movements, paradiplomacy is utilized by regional actors to project a minority identity distinct from that of the majority centre. Quebec has sustained the world’s most advanced case of paradiplomacy, despite wholesale alternation between two ideologically divergent parties, the sovereigntist Parti Québécois (PQ) and the federalist Quebec Liberal Party (QLP). This article proposes party competition for issue ownership as a causal explanation of this convergence. The central argument put forth is that regional parties are galvanized by a nationalist electorate to take stances on international relations which promote their electoral competitiveness to voters vis-à-vis rival parties. The greater the emphasis a party places on itself as the most capable “owner” of the issue of the region’s international interests, the greater its commitment to paradiplomacy will be.
Disturbing Innocence: Defamiliarizing Narco Violence through Child Protagonists in Fiesta en la madriguera and Prayers for the Stolen
Authors: Patteson Joseph
Published: July 2020

This article uses a Benjaminian framework to show how the two novels studied, Fiesta en la madriguera, by Juan Pablo Villalobos, and Prayers for the Stolen, by Jennifer Clement, leverage children’s unorthodox ways of perceiving the world in order to upend habitual ways of thinking about drugs and drug violence. Tochtli, a capo’s son, and Ladydi, a poor girl from Guerrero, create disorienting visions that constitute one mode of intoxication that exposes another: the exaltation of the sovereign and autonomous self that accompanies apparently disparate activities like shopping, cocaine abuse, and drug trafficking.
Epidemiology and pattern of paediatric trauma in one of the biggest trauma centres of India
Authors: Kunwar Abhijeet , Manjhi Birju , Saurabh Anand , Shekhar Shubhanshu
Published: July 2020

Background: The objective of the study was to assess the epidemiology and pattern of trauma in paediatric patients coming to a tertiary care trauma centre in Purvanchal region of country.

Methods: Study was conducted at Trauma Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU. A retrospective data was collected from the emergency entry record book for the paediatric patients coming to emergency with trauma from January to December 2018. A total of 328 patients were included in study. Patient with accidental hanging and those of sexual assault and drowning were not taken in study.

Results: Patients in the age group of above 6 years were most numerous 61%. Boys were more commonly injured then girls of same age group with M: F being 1.4:1.  Fall was the most common mode of injury overall 45.12% and for the children below 6 years of age 63%. However, RTA was the most common cause in children of above 6 years age group 40.5%, closely followed by fall. Home was found to be the most common location of injury. Females outnumbered males in case of assault injury (7 of 12). Musculoskeletal injury was most common 42%, head injury 27%, polytrauma 12%, while superficial injuries in form of abrasion, contusion etc were 19%. Of all 42% were taken inpatient, 50% discharged on OPD basis and 8% went LAMA.   

Conclusions: Most of the times the paediatric traumas occur in foreseeable circumstances, most of them occurring at home or around it suggesting the need for more supervision during playing and identification of specific risk factors for these injuries in our setting. Planning of strategies should be according to the epidemiological trends.
« Parler ce n'est pas voir. » L’écriture polyphonique dans Les clandestins et C’est beau, la guerre de Youssouf Amine Elalamy
Authors: Schulte Nordholt Annelies
Published: July 2020

Cet article propose une étude comparée de deux romans de Youssouf Elalamy. Dans son œuvre, ces deux romans forment un diptyque, non seulement par leur thématique commune – celle du drame de l’émigration et de l’exil – mais aussi par leur forme polyphonique, mettant en scène une pluralité de voix narratrices. Le choix de cette forme polyphonique, particulièrement apte à exprimer la voix de l’individu, fait que ces deux romans remettent en question les approches médiatiques courantes du drame de l’émigration : celles du reportage journalistique et de la photographie, qui préfèrent l’immédiateté de la vue à la médiation de la parole fictionnelle.  This article is a comparative study of two novels by Youssouf Elalamy. These two novels form a diptych: they share both their central theme – the drama of emigration and exile – and their polyphonic literary form, staging a plurality of narrative voices. This polyphonic form is particularly apt to express the individual’s voice. Through it, the two novels question current accounts of the drama of emigration in the mass media, such as newspaper reportage and photography; these media prefer the immediacy of sight to the mediation of literary fiction.
Efecto que Causan los Impuestos Sobre la Demanda de Automóviles en el Ecuador
Authors: Carmona Valarezo David , Apolo Vivanco Nervo
Published: July 2020

En el presente trabajo se analiza la importancia de los impuestos y el efecto que estos causan en la demanda de bienes de lujo, delimitando y enfocando el caso en el sector automovilístico, que ha tenido un deterioro pronunciado en las ventas en los últimos años. La conclusión común es que el incrementar impuestos como medida económica disminuye el nivel de ventas especialmente cuando se tratan de bienes de consumo especial. En este sentido el objetivo propuesto en el presente trabajo es analizar los cinco impuestos que deben cancelarse desde que los vehículos ingresan al país para su respectiva nacionalización y comercialización. Se ha utilizado metodología de análisis y síntesis de documentos aplicada con cifras del sector automotriz del periodo 2011-2016, proporcionadas por la Asociación de Empresas Automotrices del Ecuador (AEADE) y la Cámara de la Industria Automotriz Ecuatoriana (CINAE). El estudio es importante porque ayuda a determinar la incidencia que tienen las restricciones en el sector y las causas que han provocado que el gobierno de turno tome estas medidas.
The exploration of Bacillus spp. as antagonist agents against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines from the weed phyllosphere in soybean plantation
Authors: Cahyanti Suhartiningsih Dwi Nur , Ayu Dipta Linggar Wisma Ning
Published: July 2020

Bacterial pustules caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag) is one of the important diseases in soybean plants. Bacillus bacteria from the soybean phyllosphere have the potential to inhibit these pathogens. Weed phyllosphere in soybean plantations is also a good habitat for Bacillus life. The purpose of this study was to obtain Bacillus from the weed phyllosphere which has the potential as an antagonistic agent against Xag. The study methods included exploration, screening, and physio-biochemical identification. The results obtained 31 isolates and 22 of them were able to inhibit Xag with various inhibitory properties. Five strains of Bacillus spp. had large inhibitory effects against Xag, namely strain Bp 2(2), Jg3(3), Bg d1(1), Jg 1(3) and Jg 1(4)1. The Bacillus strain Bp2(2) had the largest inhibition zone witht 15 mm and strain Jg1(4)1 had the fastest colony growth with 68 mm. Five Bacillus spp had different growth capability based on the environmental condition and carbon source. The physio-biochemical identification results indicated that Bacillus strain Jg 3(6), Bg d 1(1), Jg 1(3), Jg 1(4)1 had the similar characteristics to B. licheniformis, while strain Bp 2(2) had the similar characteristics to B. coagulans.