bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK DALAM UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN SANTRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-MUSTAQIM
Authors: Zulfa Muhammad Choiru , Akbar Agus Subhan , Azzat Noor Nailie
Published: June 2022

Masalah utama yang dihadapi Pondok Pesantren Al Mustaqim adalah kesadaran tentang keberadaan dan dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat pengelolaan sampah yang tidak baik masih rendah dikarenakan masih minimnya pengetahuan dan wawasan tentang sampah dan cara-cara pengelolaannya. Potensi pondok pesantren dengan jumlah santri lebih dari 300 memungkinkan untuk membuat pengelolaan sampah mandiri dan berkelanjutan. Kegiatan pengabdian yang akan dilakukan di Ponpes Al-Mustaqim meliputi pelatihan dalam pengelolaan sampah untuk meningkatkan kesadaran santri dalam memilah dan memilih sampah sesuai dengan jenisnya organik dan non organik. Setelah pemilahan akan diadakan pelatihan pengolahan sampah organik menjadi pupuk organik yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menyuburkan tanah dilingkungan pondok pesantren. Sampah non organik berupa bungkus kopi, detergen dan sejenisnya juga dilakukan pengolahan menjadi produk kreatif yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis dan dapat digunakan dalam kegiatan keseharian.
DETERMINATION OF THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS OF PHASE TRANSITION OF Cu8SiSe6 COMPOUND BY THE DSC METHOD
Authors:   Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Bayramova U.R.
Published: June 2022

The ternary compound Cu8SiSe6 was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Based on the data of DSC curves for two samples with different masses, the temperature and enthalpy of the phase transition from the low-temperature orthorhombic modification to the high-temperature cubic modification were determined. Using the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation, the entropy of the phase transition of the studied compound was also calculated.
MODELLING OF THE PRECIPITATION PROCESS OF ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE FROM ALUMINATE SOLUTIONS BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC THEORY
Authors:   Acad. M. Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Alyshanly G.I. , Geidarov A.A. ,   Acad. M. Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Mammadov A.N. ,   Acad. M. Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Kalantarova S.Kh. ,   Acad. M. Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the application of the fuzzy logic approach to the stage of precipitation of aluminum hydroxide from sodium aluminate solutions obtained from the alkaline solution of raw alunite by hydrogen peroxide as an eco-friendly reagent. Factors influencing the precipitation of aluminum hydroxide in the presence of H2O2 from poor aluminate solutions include the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the volume of hydrogen peroxide, and other parameters. The application of fuzzy logic to this process allows calculating the probabilities that the parameters can occur not only in one value but in a wide range as well, to find the optimal conditions for obtaining high-yield aluminum hydroxide. Based on the results of the experiments, it is possible to precipitate aluminum hydroxide with a yield of 92% using 15.5 ml of 17% hydrogen peroxide at 25 °C using fuzzy sets suitable for low, medium and high levels, and this figure can be increased or decreased by changing the parameters. The simulation of process control through a fuzzy logic controller is compiled using membership functions in Matlab.
Agribusiness potential of castor oil plant (Ricinus communis L.) in Mexico
Authors: VASCO LEAL JOSE FERNANDO , Cuellar-Nuñez Liceth , Vivanco-Vargas Martín , Solís-Lozano Juan A. , Díaz-Calzada María E. , Méndez-Gallegos S.de J.
Published: June 2022

Objective: To describe the agribusiness potential of the castor oil plant in Mexico through the collection and analysis of agricultural, industrial and commercial information that allows decision making for the formulation of future productive projects to generate economic, social and technological impacts.Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is descriptive with a transactional design. The information was collected on national and international agrifood statistical and  documentary information platforms.Results: Different attempts have been made in Mexico in commercial and research  projects related to the cultivation, production and transformation of castor oil, with results that are not very encouraging due to the lack of knowledge about productive, technological and commercial processes. However, on the other hand, the need for the industrial sector to import oil to produce high-value products is evident.
Study Limitations/Implications: Isolated efforts have been made by each of the actors in the castor oil agribusiness, which has prevented the sector’s consolidation.Findings/Conclusions: An intelligent management of agricultural production must be implemented through the establishment of commercial crops with the adoption of basic technological packages applied to each region in particular, with great attention to the availability of planting seed, which should have agronomic potential, use of nutrition and management of pests and diseases, as well as to foresee all the cultural tasks ofmaintenance of the crop and harvesting modality that guarantee yield in the field and quality raw material. Currently, there is a deficit in the castor oil market in the country, which leads to high business prospects and business opportunities.
Validity of Food Outlet Databases from Commercial and Community Science datasets in Vancouver and Montreal
Authors: Firth Caislin , Beairsto Jeneva , Ferster Colin , Longson Grace , Manaugh Kevin , Kestens Yan , Winters Meghan
Published: June 2022

We conducted a case study to assess the validity of community science (Yelp, OpenStreetMaps) and commercial (DMTI) food outlet datasets. We compared counts of food outlets from 13 street segments in Vancouver and Montreal to Google Street View. We found that OpenStreetMaps correctly identified the most outlets in both cities and DMTI consistency overcounted outlets. In Vancouver, we assessed validity by outlet type, again OpenStreetMap performed the best overall but largely missed grocery stores, and Yelp did not include convenience stores. Results provide insights into using different commercial and open-source datasets to measure food environments.
Strategic Priorities of the State Policy of Stimulating the Industrial and Technological Ukraine National Economy Development on the Basis of Marketing in Order to Ensure Economic Security
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Ilyash O. I. , Smoliar L. G. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Duchenko M. M. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Dzhadan I. M. ,   International University of Finance
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the strategic priorities of state policy to stimulate industrial and technological development of the national economy on the basis of marketing in order to ensure economic security. Investment attractiveness of the country, human capital development, favorable scientific and educational environment, scientific and technological progress, technological potential, high scientific intensity of industrial production, eco-innovation of the national economy, international partnerships and more are identified as the strategic priorities of economic growth. The model which defines strategic landmarks of the state economic safety strengthening as well as preconditions for creation of the systemic strategic decisions on the basis of marketing maintenance of industrial and technological development is offered. The presented model reflects the strategic priorities of increasing the competitiveness of the national economy in the global world by marketing support of industrial and technological development in terms of eight operational objectives of public policy: international, investment, environmental, industrial, innovative, technological, educational and scientific marketing. The relationship between the main goal of economic security and the operational goals of the strategy of marketing support of industrial and technological development of the national economy is substantiated. The substantiation was facilitated by the systematization of the components of strategic marketing in relation to the industrial and technological development of the national economy. It is determined that the strategic goal of state policy in the analyzed area should be to ensure the ability of the national economy to expand its self-reproduction by ensuring the effective operation of state, economic and social institutions in the direction of protection against external and internal threats. It is appropriate to build the operational goals of the national strategy in accordance with the provision of the appropriate level of components of the marketing support of industrial and technological development of the national economy.
Methodical Approach to Identifying Problems in the Functioning of Territorial Communities Caused by Unstable Environments
Authors:   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Ivanov Y. B. , Ivanova O. Y. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Laptiev V. I. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the topical problem of spatial development of territorial communities. The study aims at creating a methodical approach to identifying the problems in the functioning of territorial communities, the former being caused by unstable conditions, and the areas of spatial development of territories using a problem-oriented approach. The application of a problem-oriented approach to the spatial development of territorial communities is substantiated. The approach provides a set of actions in public administration and influences aimed at solving theoretical or practical problems of efficiently using local community resources by gaining new competitive advantages, creating favorable living conditions, ensuring population loyalty through actively solving the already existing and possible problems in community functioning. Within the problem-oriented framework, the spatial development of united territorial communities involves an approach based on the hypothesis that using the strategic capacity of a territorial community is not a problem-free process, and the arising problems require analysis and sound management decisions at the community level and within the powers of local authorities. A methodical approach to identifying problems with the functioning of territorial communities in an unstable environment is suggested. Namely, it involves analyzing the following issues: a) development level of united territorial communities through evaluating their resource provision and self-assessment of their development level, which helps to draw conclusions as for the effectiveness of using the community resources; b) legislative support for the spatial development of territorial communities; and c) the existing mechanisms, methods, and instruments of the state policy on the spatial development of Ukrainian territories. A cognitive map of interrelations between the existing problems of the spatial development of territorial communities has been drafted, in which four groups of problems are identified, in particular: 1) problems within the spatial development of territorial communities, and those connected with Ukraine’s territorial system; 2) problems of socio-economic development based on self-sufficiency; 3) problems in the local self-government system; 4) problems of rural development.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Regional Labor Markets in Ukraine
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kyzym M. O. , Bielikova N. V. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Levanda O. M. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Doronina M. S. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: June 2022

In March 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the global outbreak of COVID-19 to be a pandemic. The probable source of the virus was Wuhan (China), from where it quickly spread all over the world. Experts say that from the start of the pandemic in Ukraine and to the second quarter of 2022, 5.04 million cases of infection were recorded. The fraction of people who have received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine is 36.4%, making Ukraine the least vaccinated country in Europe. High morbidity rate made it necessary to introduce quarantine measures that have negatively affected the socio-economic development of Ukraine as a whole, and regional labor markets, in particular. The article is aimed at assessing the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on regional labor markets in Ukraine. To achieve this aim, the following tasks were solved: a) to analyze the COVID-19 dynamics as for Ukraine’s regions, taking into account the aggravation of the humanitarian crisis; b) to identify the situation in regional labor markets by economic activity indicators; c) to analyze state regulation as for its compliance with the state social guarantees in labor relations. It has been determined that the most negative situation with the COVID-19 epidemic is present in the regions with the largest cities of the country (which are home to a population of 1,029,049 to 2,611,327 people). It proves that a particularly negative impact of the pandemic was made on the regional labor markets with high economic activity and strong economic potential. It is established that the pandemic has led to employment reduction in all the regions, which went hand in hand with the increase in informal employment of economically active population. Rising unemployment and wage arrears are also signs of the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Ukraine’s regional labor markets. It can be concluded that the key problems requiring managerial decisions are those connected with inclusive economic recovery after COVID-19 and the fulfillment of state social guarantees in the labor market in almost every region in Ukraine, given the impact of the ongoing military conflict and the need for economic recovery after it.
COVID-19 Crisis Management on the Example of Hospitality Industry Enterprise in Latvia
Authors: Koryuhina C. , Shamshina T. ,   Transport and Telecommunication Institute, Zivitere M. ,   ISMA University of Applied Sciences, Riashchenko V. ,   ISMA University of Applied Sciences, Gryshova I. Y. ,   Jiangsu Normal University
Published: June 2022

The main problem, facing the whole hospitality industry nowadays, is COVID-19 pandemic and its sequences. During the pandemic many hotels closed their doors and some of them will be no longer reopen. Majority of hospitality industry employees lost their jobs, profits have fallen. This research is conducted to analyze the strategy that one of the well-known Latvian hotels Pullman Riga Old Town has realized in response of COVID-19 crisis towards its stakeholders. The research is aimed at elaborating ways that should assist an enterprise at its efforts to overcome the difficulties caused by the COVID-19 and providing suggestions about coping with the crisis. The authors have analyzed the crisis phenomena as well as conceptual foundations of anti-crisis management, taking into account the current situation in the hospitality industry of Latvia in the context of the crisis caused by COVID-19 in general and Pullman Riga Old Town hotel in particular. The study was conducted from 1st of April 2020 to 17th of October 2020. The authors were using methods of data analysis, such as: analysis of theoretical sources, collection and synthesis of statistical data, interviews with specialists.
In vitro regeneration and overexpression of pea DNA helicase 45 (PDH45) gene through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation in oilseed Brassica spp.
Authors: Khalil Md Ibrahim , Mitra Shawon , Toma Tamanna Islam , Hoque MI , Sarker RH
Published: June 2022

An efficient genotype independent method for in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation of Brassica spp. viz. Brassica juncea and Brassica napus have been developed for the local varieties using cotyledonary leaf with petioles and hypocotyls as explants. Explants obtained from 6-day old aseptically grown seedlings were inoculated and co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbouring a binary vector with PDH45 gene under the regulatory control of 35s promoter and terminator sequences, permitting transformed shoots to be selected on hygromycin containing medium. Well rooted transformed plants were transferred to pots containing soil and after acclimatization the plants were maintained under controlled environmental condition. A total of 9 transformed plants were obtained from BARI Sarisha-8 variety, presumably indicating this protocol is more amenable to genotype independent genetic transformation. Integration and expression of the introduced transgene (PDH45 and hptII) were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Factors influencing transformation efficiency include explant age, optical density of Agrobacterium culture for infection, duration of infection and co-cultivation with Agrobacterium were also assessed. Genetic transformation method developed in this study certainly could be utilized for introducing abiotic stress resistance in the local cultivars of oilseed Brassica.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 345-358, 2022 (June)
Ecology and diversity of wildlife in Dhaka University Campus, Bangladesh
Authors: Shome Ashikur Rahman , Alam Md Mahabub , Rabbe Md Fazle , Rahman Md Mokhlesur , Jaman Mohammad Firoj
Published: June 2022

Nowadays urbanization continues, and poses a serious threat to wildlife globally. A survey-based study on wildlife was conducted for three years from March 2017 to February 2020 in Dhaka University campus. Data was collected through direct visual encounter observations. A total of 94 species of wildlife under 20 orders and 52 families were observed. Of the documented wildlife, 5 (5.32%) species belongs to amphibians, 10 (10.64%) reptiles, 70 (74.47%) birds and 9 (9.57%) mammals. The highest species richness (72, 76.60%) was observed in the third year (March 2019 to February 2020), particularly in winter season. Although the lowest richness was (63, 67.02%) found in the first year (March 2017 to February 2018), but the evenness was the highest this year, particularly in summer season. We counted the highest number of individuals (n=5227, 35.73%) in the first year (March 2017 to February 2018) but these counts have gradually decreased with the lowest in the third year (March 2019 to February 2020). Among 94 species, 44 species (46.80%) were very common, 3 (3.19%) common, 17(18.09%) uncommon and 30 (31.91%) were few. Duttaphrynus melanostictus was the most abundant (66.89%) among amphibians, Hemidactylus frenatus (40.82%) for reptiles, Psittacula krameri (18.73%) for birds and Mus musculus (28.68%) for mammals. Rampant human movements and sound pollution were frequent inside the campus that might affect wildlife. Therefore, long-term systematic monitoring is necessary to understand the species diversity and population trend of wildlife in the campus. Moreover, this baseline information may help urban policymakers to take proper management measures for the protection of wildlife in the study area.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 429-442, 2022 (June)
Rat eater and non-rat eater species killed by the people during the rodent outbreaks: An assessment in Ruma upazila of Bandarban hill district
Authors: Chakma Nikhil , Sarker Noor Jahan , Belmain Steven R , Sarker Sohrab Uddin
Published: June 2022

An assessment was done to assess the intensity of rat eater and non-rat eaters’ species killed by the people during the rodent outbreaks in association with Melocanna baccifera bamboo flowering in the village of Basatlang, Neweden, Munlai, Mualpi and Ruma sadar market area of Ruma upazila of Bandarban district. The other objectives of the study were to support the future control of rodent outbreaks and conservation of wild animal species. A structured data sheet was used to record the hunted rat eater and non-rat eaters’ data from June 2009 to December 2012. Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index and Simpson’s diversity index were also calculated to assess the diversity of rat eaters and non-rat eater species. The study revealed that a total of 628 numbers of hunted rat eater and non-rat eater animals (average 14.60 numbers per month) recorded with 41 species. Of them, 12 species of mammals, 11 species of reptiles and 18 species of Aves. The overall hunted rat eater and non-rat eater diversity indices were 2.59 for Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index, and 0.82 for Simpson’s diversity index that indicate high species diversity. Irrawaddy squirrel, Tokay gecko, wild boar, deer and red-vented Bulbul were the top five hunted non-rat eater species. Domestic dog, monitor lizard, jungle cat, domestic cat and striped keelback snake were the top five rat eater species hunted by the people. Consumption and economic return were the main reasons for hunting the animals. These findings can be used to raise public awareness along with application of Wildlife (Conservation and Security) Act, 2012 to stop killing of rat eater and non-rat eater species during the rodent outbreaks and non-outbreaks period in the study areas, and elsewhere in Chattogram Hill Districts.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 465-477, 2022 (June)
Aquaculture practices among the fish farmers of Bhaluka upazila, Mymensingh - Scenario from a decade and half ago
Authors: Hasan M Maruf , Zaman Maria , Naser Md Niamul
Published: June 2022

Mymensingh is the top inland aquaculture producer in Bangladesh. This study was undertaken to identify the barriers to develop earthen pond fish farming entrepreneurship in Bhaluka Upazila, Mymensingh about a decade and half ago when the fish culture revolution has been started. In this study, fish farmers were selected randomly from three villages that followed mono or composite-fish culture in earthen pond environment. More than 14 species being cultured of which half of them were exotic. The feasibility of pond fish culture was found viable due to proper communication with Dhaka wholesale fish market along with other destinations. In addition, hatchery sources of fish fry and fingerling, access to fish feed and financial support were further encouraged farming these perishable items. Education level of farmers, lack of technical knowledge of fish culture, poor extension service and lack of information about the pond management were identified as the potential barriers for the improvement of fish farming entrepreneurship. The higher stocking density as well as poor water quality conditions were facilitated to lead lower fish production and profit. The small-scale farmers (47.79%) with higher stocking density had lower profit (Tk 1.44 /fish) and large-scale farmers (19.85%) with lower stocking density showed higher profit margin of Tk 3.53 /fish. Therefore, this study suggests the optimal fish stocking density in earthen pond fish farming system which could be augment the fish production and enhanced profitability.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 499-509, 2022 (June)
Tinjauan kasus: Penanganan Limfedema di Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais
Authors: Indriani Indriani , Saud Irnawati , Nuhonni Siti Anisa
Published: June 2022

Kejadian limfedema meningkat sejalan dengan progresivitas penyakit kanker dan ekstensivitas penanganan pada saluran limfatik: 25,5% pada pasca-diseksi kelenjar aksi-Ia/inguinal, 2,3%-27% pada operasi dengan tehnik konservasi, dan 38,3% bila disertai tindakan radiasi. Umumnya penderita akan mengalami gangguan fungsi pada ekstremitas yang terkena dan aktivitas/kualitas hidup.Berbagai strategi penanganan rehabilitasi medik diberikan untuk preservasi dan restorasi fungsi ekstremitas serta paliasi gejala akibat edem (: nyeri, tegang, kaku). 50% penderita yang datang ke IRM RSKD (studi retrospeksi 1999 -2001) mengalami reduksi edem >50% dalam 1-2 minggu pasca-terapi. Kepedulian dan kerjasama yang baik antar disiplin ilmu terkait akan meminimalkan kejadian limfedema.
Pengamatan Pengobatan Kanker Leher Rahim dengan Kombinasi Radiasi dan Khemoterapi serta Radiasi Saja
Authors: Djuita Fielda , Soeis Dewi Syafriyetti , Ranuhardi Doddy , Tadjudin Hilman , Dwipoyono Bambang , Soemanadi Soemanadi , Nasdaldy Nasdaldy
Published: June 2022

Several clinical trial reported that chemo radiation has significant and equivalent improvement in pelvic failure and overall survival for uterine cervical cancer copared with radiation alone. The best result is certainly achieved by careful attention to management, including the overall treatment time because prolongation overall treatment time will reduce survival. For that reasons lue have reviewed 52 patients ; 14 patients without chemotherapy, 14 patients with chemotherapy docetaxel, 14 patiens with chemotherapy cisplatin and 10 patiens with paclitaxel. 33 patient stage HB and 19 patient stage 1UB. All patients received external radiation in prone position with 50 Gy dose and brachytherapy 3 X 70 Gy at point A. All patients clinically complete respons except 2 patients partial respons from group radiation alone and docetaxel but the overall treatment times from groups cisplatine and paclitaxel longer than others.
Terapi Bedah pada Fraktur Patologis Tulang Panjang Ekstremitas di Rumah Sakit Kanker "Dharmais"
Authors: Basuki Achmad
Published: June 2022

Fraktur patologis tulang panjang ekstremitas pada pasien kanker metastasis tulang mengakibatkan morbiditas yang sangat serius. Kejadian ini terus meningkat dengan semakin baiknya harapan hidup pasien kanker. Tujuan pengobatan pasien penyakit kanker pada stadium lanjut adalah meningkatnya kualitas hidup yaitu : hilang rasa nyeri, mencegah terjadi fraktur patologis dan memudahkan perawatan medis. Intervensi bedah lebih agresif pada pasien dengan metastasis tulang yang risiko fraktur (impending fracture) dapat mencegah pasien jatuh ke keadaan yang lebih buruk dan pasien dapat melajutkan terapi tambahan.Pada evaluasi, didapat 24 pasien fraktur patologis pada pasien kanker metastasis tulang. 17 pasien dilakukan operasi sisanya 7 pasien tidak dioperasi. Dari 24 pasien, 9 pasien fraktur patologis ekstremitas atas dan 15 pasien fraktur patologis ekstremitas bawah. Paska operasi, pasien dapat mobilisasi dan rasa nyeri hilang. Penatalaksanaan bedah pada fraktur patologis metastasis tulang sebaiknya berpegang pada keadaan umum pasien, bukan pada harapan hidup pasien.
Breast Cancer and Malignant Melanoma Preoperative Lymphoscintigraphy in �Dharmais� Cancer Hospital
Authors: - Kardinah , Haryono Samuel , Suzzana Evelina , Suriadiredja Aida
Published: June 2022

Pemeriksaan limfoskintigrafi sebagai pemetaan kelenjar getah bening preoperatif telah banyak diteliti khususnya pada pasien kanker payudara dan melanoma maligna sebagai bagian dari prosedur sentinel node. Prosedur ini telah diterapkan pula di RS. Kanker "Dharmais" dimana dilakukan injeksi isotop preoperatif, injeksi blue dye dan penggunaan gamma probe intraoperatif.Dilaporkan 48 pasien kanker payudara dan 5 pasien melanoma maligna yang menjalani prosedur limfoskintigrafi. Sebanyak 75.7% dari 37 pasien breast conserving treatment ditemukan positif limfoskintigrafi sedangkan seluruh pasien melanoma maligna didapatkan hasil positif limfoskintigrafi. Dengan menggunakan blue dye dan gamma probe intraoperatif, sentinel node dapat diidentifikasi walaupun hasil limfoskintigrafi negatif. Preoperatif limfoskintigrafi merupakan komplemen prosedur sentinel node dimana hasil pemetaannya akan memberikan arahan saat operasi.Kata kunci: kanker payudara, melanoma maligna, limfoskintigrafi, sentinel node, blue dye, gamma probe, breast conserving treatment
The Need of Chest Computer Tomography in The Assessment of Mediastinal Seminoma and Non Seminomatous Germ Cell Tumors
Authors: Icksan Aziza , Luhur Reny , - Elisna , - Heriawati
Published: June 2022

Germ cell tumor mediastinum merupakan salah satu dari masa mediastinum anterior yang terdiri dari teratoma, seminoma dan non seminomatous. Diferential diagnosa dari germ cell tumor pada mediastinum anterior meliputi massa thymus, massa tiroid dan lymphoma. Dalam membuat diagnosa, disamping gejala klinis dan usia pasien, pemeriksaan seromarker serta temuan foto toraks dan CT toraks sangat membantu. Diagnosa pasti ditegakkan berdasarkan pemeriksaan sitologi dan histopatologi dari spesimen yang berperan penting sebagai baku emas.Penentuan lokasi tumor yang tepat sangatlah penting dalam penanganan pasien. Foto toraks merupakan pemeriksaan imaging awal yang dilakukan pada pasien yang sudah diketahui atau dicurigai menderita germ cell tumor mediastinum. Pemeriksaan Chest CT dengan kontras merupakan prosedur rutin dalam penanganan germ cell tumor mediastinum.Kasus non seminomatous dan seminoma germ cell tumor pada mediastinum anterior dilaporkan pada laki laki berusia 17 dan 15 tahun. Pada kedua pasien ini telah dilakukan pemeriksaan foto toraks dan CT toraks dengan menggunakan kontras media.Kata kunci : germ cell tumor mediastinum, seminoma, non seminomatous, foto toraks, CT toraks. ABSTRACTV'**Mediastinal germ cell tumor is one of the anterior mediastinal mass which consists of teratoma, seminoma and non seminomatous. The differential diagnosis of the anterior mediastinal germ cell tumor such as thymic mass, thyroid mass and lymphoma. The diagnosis depends on some criteria such as, clinical finding, the age of the patient, sero markers, location of the mass and findings on the chest radiograph and chest CT. Cytology and histopathology finding from the specimens are paramount important as a gold standard.Accurate assessment of the location is very important to manage the patient. Chest radiograph is usually the first imaging study obtained in a patient with known or suspected of mediastinal germ cell tumor, and for further evaluation enhanced Chest CT nowadays has become the routine procedure in assessing mediastinal germ cell tumor.Cases of the mediastinal non seminomatous and seminoma germ cell tumors were reported in a 17 and 15 year old males. Chest radiograph and enhanced chest CT were used to diagnosing and assessing of the patients.Key word : mediastinal germ cell tumor, seminoma, non seminomatous, chest radiograph , Enhanced chest CT.
Radiasi pada Metastasis Tulang
Authors: Djuita Fielda , - Defrizal
Published: June 2022

Radioterapi masih merupakan standar baku untuk pengobatan paliatif pada metastasis tulang. Pada artikel ini kami akan menguraikan kembali tentang patofisiologi, diagnosis dan pengobatan metastasis tulang khususnya dari sudut pandang radioterapi. Kami juga menyajikan data dari instalasi radioterapi RS. Kanker "Dharmais" yang merupakan penelitian retrospektif terapi radiasi pada metastasis tulang dalam kurun waktu 2005-20C6.Kata kunci : metastasis tulang, patofisologi, diagnosis, terapi radiasi.
Kecukupan Nutrisi pada Pasien Kanker
Authors: Hariani Ririn
Published: June 2022

Malnutrition is a common problem in cancer patients. Cancer cachexia refers to a complex multifactorial syndrome characterized by anorexia or the spontaneous and unintended loss of appetite, generalized host tissue wasting, skeletal muscle atrophy, immune dysfunction and a variety of metabolic alteration. The malnourished cancer patients respond poorly to therapheutic intervention. Once the patients have been screened and assessed, a nutrition care plan can be developed that is tailored to the patients present status, nutritional status, nutritional need, dietary restriction, tolerance and feasibility gastrointestinal function and treatment modalities that might impact their nutritional status, thus compromising intake. The calory requirements of patients with cancer depend on degree of malnutrition and metabolic stress, but also on calory losser and the level of physical activity. The aim of nutritional support should be the prevention or reversal of malnutrition, and this should be initiated early as possible to improve outcomes.Key Word: cancer patients, calory requirement, nutritional support
Laporan Kasus Leydig Cell Tumor
Authors: Manuputty Egi Edward , Umbas Rainy , Himawan Sutisna
Published: June 2022

Leydig cell tumor (LCT) merupakan neoplasma testis yang jarang. Tumor ini meliputi 1-3% dari 2,5 kasus insidens tumor testis per 100.000 orang/tahun. Leydig cell tumor dapat terjadi pada orang dewasa dengan 10% di antaranya berpotensi maligna dan pada usia prapubertas (25%). Berikut ini kami laporkan dua kasus LCT yaitu seorang anak laki-laki berusia 8 tahun dengan pembesaran testis kiri tanpa nyeri selama tiga bulan, disertai pertumbuhan kumis dan ginekomastia. Pemeriksaan testis kiri tampak membesar, keras, permukaan rata, dan tidak terdapat nyeri tekan maupun transiluminasi. AFP l,25ng/ml, (5-hCG <2mIU/, dan testosteron 599,2ng/dl. Tidak tampak metastasis pada foto toraks dan CT scan abdomen. Dilakukan orkidektomi ligasi tinggi melalui inguinal, histopatologi sesuai dengan LCT. Testosteron pascaoperasi lllng/dl. Pasien kedua laki-laki berusia 63 tahun dengan keluhan pembesaran testis kanan selama 1,5 bulan dan riwayat scrotal violation. Pemeriksaan testis kanan teraba massa padat berukuran 4x4cm, berbatas tegas dan tidak terdapat nyeri tekan. AFP 3 ng/mL. CT scan menunjukkan metastasis hati dan pembesaran limfe paraaorta kanan sampai dengan pelvis. Review slide histopatologi sesuai LCT, pasien menolak tindakan lebih lanjut dan meninggal dunia 6 bulan kemudian. Sepengetahuan kami, kedua kasus LCT tersebut merupakan laporan pertama di Indonesia.Kata kunci: leydig, cell, tumor
Peranan Akupunktur dalam Bidang Kanker
Authors: Mihardja Hasan
Published: June 2022

Pedoman pelatihan dasar dan keselamatan di bidang akupunktur yang diterbitkan Badan Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) antara lain mengemukakan peranan akupunktur di bidang kanker.Manfaat akupunktur di bidang kanker adalah mengurangi rasa nyeri dan mual, muntah akibat penyakit kanker ataupun sebagai efek samping pengobatan konvensional kanker. Xerosthalmia paska radiasi dan hot flash yang timbul setelah pengobatan hormon juga menunjukan perbaikan setelah tindakan akupunktur. Kecermatan dalam hal dalamnya serta arah penusukan perlu diperhatikan untuk menghindari tertusuknya organ dalam misalnya pneumotorak, penggunaan elektro akupunktur cenderung merugikan penderita.Kata kunci: akupunktur, kanker, keselamatan.
Penanganan Masalah Sosial dan Psikologis Pasien Kanker Stadium Lanjut dalam Perawatan Paliatif
Authors: Damayanti Atika Dwi , - Fitriyah , - Indriani
Published: June 2022

Pada setiap individu, terdapat keterkaitan antara sistem biologis, sistem psikologis dan sistem sosial. Penyakit yang dialami individu akan memberikan pengaruh besar dalam emosi, penampilan dan perilaku sosial individu. Dr. Elisabeth Kiibler-Ross mengidentifikasi lima tahap yang mungkin dilewati oleh pasien penyakit terminal, yang divonis tidak akan hidup lama lagi. Melalui tahapan tersebut maka dapat terlihat suatu gambaran mengenai proses perubahan psikologis pada pasien terminal dalam menghadapi kematian atau rasa kehilangannya sehingga pasien dapat mendapatkan bantuan untuk melewati tahapan-tahapan tersebut. Dengan adanya perawatan paliatif memungkinkan pasien dan keluarga pasien kanker stadium lanjut tidak hanya mendapatkan perawatan fisik namun juga perawatan secara psikologis dan sosial dalam menghadapi penyakit dan masalah psikologis dan sosial yang dihadapi pasien dan keluarga pasien.Disamping pengobatan primer, melalui obat-obatan, Moos mengemukakan bahwa orang yang sakit perlu melakukan dua tipe tugas penyesuaian dalam proses coping, yaitu: tugas yang berkaitan dengan penyakit atau pengobatan, dan tugas yang berkaitan dengan fungsi psikososial umum. Kondisi psikologis dan sosial yang stabil, secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung, akan dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien menjadi lebih baik.Kata kunci: perawatan paliatif, perawatan menyeluruh, gangguan sosial dan psikologis.
Peran Relawan dalam Memberikan Pendampingan kepada Anak Penderita Kanker dan Keluarganya
Authors: Irene Uria Regina
Published: June 2022

Kanker dapat menyerang bagian manapun dari anggota tubuh manusia dan tidak memandang usia. Kanker bisa juga terjadi pada anaK-anak. Bagi penderita kanker, menanggulangi penyakit kanker dan prosedur pengobatannya bukanlah suatu hal mudah. Hal ini tentu juga sangat dirasakan oleh anak penderita kanker. Selain itu,jika salah satu anggota keluarga terkena kanker, maka dampaknya sangat dirasakan oleh seluruh keluarga.Penanganan anak penderita kanker tidak hanya tergantung pada tim medis saja, sebab penanganan bagi penderita kanker tidak hanya dilihat dari segi medis tetapi juga dilihat dari pengatasan seluruh masalah penderitaan yang mencakup segi psikologis dan segi sosialnya. Salah satu unsur yang dapat membantu memberikan pengobatan non-medis kepada pasien adalah relawan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk memahami peranan relawan bagi anak penderita kanker dan keluarganya.Dari hasil temuan lapangan dapat dilihat bahwa bentuk peran yang dijalankan relawan dalam memberikan pendampingan bagi anak penderita kanker dan keluarganya tampak seperti bentuk peran Pekerja Sosial Medis (PSM). Oleh karena itu, penting untuk melibatkan PSM agar pelayanan pengobatan yang terpadu dapat diberikan kepada pasien dan keluarganya, dari yang memiliki jenis penyakit kronis apapun dan dalam seluruh kelompok usia, karena seorang PSM mempunyai bekal pengetahuan (knoivledge), ketrampilan (skill), dan nilai {value), sebagai bentuk kesatuan dari the helping profession.
Rabdomiosarkoma Pada Anak: Gambaran Klinis di 2 Institusi
Authors: Rini Anky Tri , Edhy Kusumaning , Gatot Djajadiman , Windiastuti Endang , Ciputra Yanto
Published: June 2022

Rabdomiosarkoma (RMS) merupakan keganasan jaringan lunak yang banyak terjadi pada anak umur 1 sampai 5 tahun dan remaja. Sekitar 15 % anak dengan RMS datang dalam keadaan metastasis dan prognosisnya tidak ada perbaikan dalam 15 tahun terakhir.Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keluaran terapi serta pengembangan selanjutnya Penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif dari data pada catatan medis 30 pasien yang diterapi di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM), Jakarta bulan Juni 2000 sampai Juli 2006 dan 11 pasien di RS Kanker Dharmais (RSKD), Jakarta bulan Januari 2003 sampai Desember 2007. Data dikumpulkan untuk melihat gambaran klinis dan keluaran terapi.Terdapat 30 pasien RMS di RSCM tahun 2000-2006 dan 11 di RSKD tahun 2003-2007. Perbandingan antara laki-laki dan perempuan adalah 2:1 (RSCM) dan 1:1,7 (RSKD).Kebanyakan menyerang anak umur antara 1 bulan sampai 5 tahun (43,3 % & 43,5 %) dengan median antara 6-7 tahun. Gambaran patologi terbanyak yaitu embrional (70% & 54,5%). Lokasi primer terbanyak pada bagian kepala dan leher (43,3% & 27,3%). Didapatkan stadium lanjut sebesar 80% & 45,5%. Sebagian besar metastasis ditemukan pada sumsum tulang (85,7% & 33,3%). Keluaran terapi didapatkan yang masih dalam terapi 66,7% & 27,3%, meninggal 30% & 18,2% dan lost to folloiv up 3,3% & 54,5%.RMS kebanyakan didapatkan pada anak umur 1 bulan sampai 5 tahun. Gambaran histologi tipe embrional dan lokasi primer pada kepala dan leher merupakan yang tersering. Pada umumnya, pasien datang dalam stadium lanjut tetapi jika datang pada stadium awal akan memberikan hasil yang lebih baik.Kata kunci: Rabdomiosarkoma, epidemiologi klinik, keluaran terapi.
Strategi Global Pengendalian Tembakau
Authors: Wibisana Widyastuti , Christiani Yodi , Maramis Albert , Solichin Jusni , Indradjaya Stephanus
Published: June 2022

Penggunaan tembakau telah menjadi masalah kesehatan global, baik di negara maju maupun negara berkembang. Tembakau telah membunuh 100 juta jiwa selama abad ke 20 dan diperkirakan akan membunuh 1 milvar jiwa pada abad 21 bila hal ini terus dibiarkan. World Health Organization (WHO) pada awal tahun 2008 telah mengajukan enam langkah strategis pengendalian tembakau yang merupakan pencerminan traktat internasional aksi globalKengendalian tembakau atau Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). Keenam langkah tersebut meliputi lonitor penggunaan tembakau dan kebijakan pencegahannya; Perlindungan terhadap asap rokok; Optimalkan dukungan untuk berhenti merokok; Waspadakan masyarakat akan bahaya tembakau; Eliminasi iklan, promosi dan sponsor terkait tembakau; dan Rain kenaikan cukai tembakau (MPOWER). Keenam langkah ini, bila dilaksanakan secara komprehensif yang melibatkan berbagai pihak akan dapat mengendalikan dampak penggunaan tembakau.Kata kunci: penggunaan tembakau, strategi pengendalian tembakau, MPOWER
Establishing a Multidisciplinary Breast Unit in a Middle Income Country � Challenges and Successes
Authors: Taib Nur Aishah , Amiruddin Alfiah
Published: June 2022

The Breast Unit in the University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) was set up in 1993 to cater for the increasing number of women presenting with breast complaints. The surgeon plays a central role in the coordination of the multidisciplinary team which consists of the breast surgeon, pathologist, radiologist, oncologist, plastic surgeon, physiotherapist, psychooncologist, as well as the specialist breast care nurse. The unit provides a comprehensive patient care yrogramme, with diagnostic services (triple assessment comprising clinical evaluation, radiological assessment and biopsy), breast screening services (clinical breast examination ana mammography / adjunct ultrasound), oncological services and palliative care services. Throughout the course of the treatment and post-treatment, emphasis is placed on supportive and emotional care of the patient and her relatives. Teaching and training of undergraduate and postgraduate students form part of the functions of this unit, and clinical and basic research is actively carried out. It has been shown that patients treated in a multidisciplinary breast unit have a better overall outcome: however in low and middle income countries, the development of such units are hampered but lack of manpower and resources. In UMMC, with the institution of treatment protocols and guidelines, it is hoped that survival of patients treated in this multidisciplinary unit will progressively improve.Key words : breast cancer, multidisciplinary breast unit, comprehensive breast care
Harapan Serta Konsep Tuhan pada Anak Usia Sekolah yang Menderita Kanker
Authors: Sidabutar Fransisca M , Candra Julia Suleeman
Published: June 2022

Kanker pada anak adalah penyakit mematikan namun bisa disembuhkan. Setidaknya selama lima tahun anak harus menjalani pengobatan serta tantangan di dalamnya. Anak membutuhkan harapan dan salah satu sumbernya adalah konsep Tuhan. Harapan adalah daya kehendak dan strategi yang dimiliki individu untuk mencapai sasaran. Konsep Tuhan adalah gagasan seseorang tentang karakteristik Tuhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara dan observasi. Tiga anak usia sekolah yang menjalani pengobatan kanker menjadi subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak memiliki sasaran untuk sembuh, daya kehendak berupa keyakinan dan semangat untuk menjalani pengobatan, serta strategi menghindari hal-hal yang dianggap menjadi penyebab penyakitnya. Anak menganggap Tuhan sebagai penyembuh. Saran bagi orang tua anak usia sekolah yang mengalami kanker untuk memberikan pemahaman pada anak akan penyakitnya sesuai kapasitas dan kesiapan psikis anak.Kata kunci: Harapan, konsep Tuhan, anak usia sekolah, kanker.
Gizi dan Kanker
Authors: Damayanthi Evy
Published: June 2022

Kanker merupakan suatu penyakit tidak menular yang prevalensinya semakin meningkat. Kanker adalah suatu pertumbunan maligna yang selnya memiliki sifat-sifat : replikasi terus menerus, hilangnya kontak penghambatan, invasif and kemampuannya untuk menyebar, jika tidak ditangani maka akan menjadi fatal. Faktor lingkungan merupakan penyebab kejadian kanker sebesar 80 - 85 %, sedangkan sekitar 10 -15 % disebabkan oleh kesalahan replikasi dan genetika. Diyakini pula sepertiga dari semua kanker berhubungan dengan diet. World Cancer Research Fund dan American Institute for Cancer Research pada tahun 2007 menerbitkan "Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective". Di sana terdapat 8 rekomendasi dan 2 rekomendasi khusus guna mencegah dan mengendalikan penyakit kanker di dunia. Aktivitas antitumor yang dimiliki berbagai bahan pangan sangat berguna dalam upaya menurunkan kesempatan pengembangan kanker. Nutraceutical tersebut dapat efektif mencegah penyakit kanker jika dikonsumsi sebagai makanan bukan suplemen.Kata Kunci: kanker, nutrisi, aktivitas fisik, makanan, dan nutraceutikal
Radiation Therapy in Early Stage Prostate Cancer
Authors: Djuita Fielda
Published: June 2022

Prostatektomi radikal adalah terapi yang efektif untuk pasien-pasien dengan kanker prostat lokal, sementara radioterapi juga modalitas terapi yang penting dalam penatalaksanaan kanker prostat lokal. Untuk penyakit resiko seaang dan resiko tinggi radiasi eksterna adalah salah satu terapi standar. Pemberian dosis tinggi akan meningkatkan angka respon bebas kekambuhan dan bebas ketahanan hidup. Brakhiterapi merupakan pengobatan kanker prostat lokal dan mempunyai kelebihan dari radiasi eksterna tetapi untuk penyakit dengan derajat keganasan sedang dan tinggi brakhiterapi saja tidak akan memberikan dosis yang cukup untuk jaringan disekitar prostat yang diketahui sebagai jalur penyebaran secara mikroskopik. Peningkatan dosis dimungkinkan dengan kombinasi radiasi eksterna dengan high dose rate brakhiterapi atau low dose rate brakhiterapi dan juga dapat dengan mengoptimalkan dosis yang diberikan dengan Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy, Conformal Radiation dan Integrated Guided Radiation Therapy. Pada maKalah ini akan diuraikan perkembangan terapi kanker prostat lokal dan evidence basenya sesuai dengan tema Annual National Cancer Symposium ke 3 dan juga ditampilkan contoh kasus yang diradiasi di Rumah Sakit Kanker "Dharmais".Kata kunci: kanker prostat, deteksi dini, terapi radiasi.
�Cerebral Salt-Wasting Syndrome� pada Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut
Authors: Lubis Bidasari , Agustian Leon , Rosdiana Nelly , - Rusdidjas
Published: June 2022

Pada pasien leukemia limfoblastik akut (LLA), cerebral salt-wasting (CSW) syndrome dapat terjadi disebabkan renal salt-wasting karena gangguan reabsorbsi natrium di tubulus ginjal, yang mungkin dimediasi oleh brain natriuretic hormone / peptide. Hiponatremi pada CSW syndrome berhubungan dengan peningkatan eksresi natrium urin, peningkatan volume urin, hipovolemia, kadar asam urat normal atau meningkat, kadar vasopresin berkurang dan konsentrasi atrial natriuretic peptide meningkat.Laporan kasus ini seorang anak laki-laki usia 7 tahun yang menderita LLA dan CSW syndrome. Kami mendiskusikan tentang kesulitan dalam menegakkan diagnosis, efek dari hiponatremia, dan tatalaksana untuk menjaga kadar natrium darah dalam batas normal.Tatalaksana meliputi koreksi dengan NaCl 3 % intravena dan pemberian kapsul garam. Diperlukan pemantauan kadar natrium darah yang ketat dan gejala CSW syndrome.Kata Kunci: cerebral salt-ivasting syndrome, leukemia limfoblastik akut.