bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Work of the League of Nations
Authors: Finch George A.
Published: June 2019

The inauguration of the League of Nations took place at Paris in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on January 16, 1920. Representatives of the eight members of the Council, exclusive of the United States, namely, Belgium, Brazil, the British Empire, France,Greece, Italy, Japan and Spain, formally met, elected M. Leon Bourgeois, of France, the first chairman of the Council, and proceeded to organize the machinery for the practical execution of the clauses of the Treaty of Peace, the urgent necessity of which, the chairman explained, made it impossible further to postpone the meeting of the Council.
Case of Benson Robert Henry (Claims No. 44 Ter.)
Authors: Fromageot Henri
Published: June 2019

This is a claim for compensation, preferred by the Government of the United States of America on behalf of one, Benson Robert Henry, an American citizen, arising out of the disallowance of his title to 480 acres of land in the Island of Fiji. We propose to state the facts of this case only in detail sufficient to explain the character of the claim and to elucidate our decision which turns, as will presently appear, on one single question, namely,whether on October 10,1874, the date of the cession of Fiji to Great Britain,the claimant was, in his own right, proprietor of the lands in question or any part of them.
Case of the Heirs of John B. Williams (Claim No. 44 Qr.)
Authors: Fromageot Henri
Published: June 2019

As regards two parcels of land involved in this claim, held that no title sufficient to justify an award could be found. As regards a third parcel, the title held to be good and claimant awarded damages for the refusal of British authorities to recognize it.
Roman objects from Stanwix and Thatcham
Authors: Collingwood R. G.
Published: June 2019

Of the two collections which I exhibit this evening, the first consists of objects found early in the present year at Stanwix, the northern suburb of Carlisle. Carlisle itself is on the site of a small Roman town, which probably succeeded a fort of the first century; when the wall of Hadrian was built, its course was laid out so as to run about half a mile to the north of this site, reaching the river Eden after passing over the hill of Stanwix, on which a fort was built. The position of the fort, of whose plan and details we know very little, is marked by Stanwix church.
An Appeal for the Church and Buildings of Kingsmead Priory, circa 1218
Authors: Graham Rose
Published: June 2019

The small priory of the nuns of Kingsmead was situated on the west of the medieval town of Derby in the meadows by the Odde brook; nothing now remains above ground, but Nuns' Hill and Nun Street keep the site in memory. The foundation recalls the origin of the Order of Sempringham and the story of the seven maidens for whom St. Gilbert built a habitation. In 1160 the abbot of the Augustinian canons of Darley Abbey built a habitation for maidens a mile away on land belonging to his house, and the bishop of Coventry and Lichfield with Chester gave the abbot permission to consecrate the maidens, and put them under his charge. At Kingsmead, as in a number of small nunneries in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, a prior or master served the nuns as chaplain and managed their property. The nuns subsequently struggled for independence, and about 1250 the bishop released them and their property from the jurisdiction and control of the abbot and canons of Darley. A document among the Wollaston charters in the British Museum, which has hitherto not been noticed, records the effort of the prior and the nuns to raise money for the repair of their church and the buildings of the priory. Collectors were sent out with the appeal, and it was usual to read such appeals as these in parish churches after the gospel at high mass on Sundays and holy days. The appeal had been carefully prepared.
The MSS. of Callimachvs' Hymns
Authors: Smiley M. T.
Published: June 2019

F is Milan, Ambrosianus 120 (B 98 sup.);. foll. III. (paper) + 227 (parchment); cmm. 25, 1 × 17, 8, with thirty lines to the page; cent. early XV. Contents: ff. 1v–125v, Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica, with marginal and interlinear scholia; followed by his Life. 127, Batrachomyomachia. 132v, Pseudo-Herodotus, Life of Homer. 142v Maximus of Tyre, πῶς <ἄν> τις ἄλνπος ἐἲη (Dissert. XXXIV. Dübner). 145, Orpheus, Argonautica. 168v, ἐπήκοοι καἰ πρòς ἑρπετἀ, i.e. Orpheus, Lithica, Il. 91–110, 115–140, 145–171, 176–202, 207–233, 238–266, 271–300, 305–332, 337–364, 369–398, 467–498, 500–531, 533–564, 566–774. 178v–209r, Homeric Hymns III.–XXXIII. 209r, ‘Homeric’ epigram εἰς ξένους (Hom. Epigr. I. Baum.). 209r–227v, Callimachus, Hymns, with marginal and interlinear scholia. 227V, four lines (ύμνῶ τòν έψίζυγον…τὴν παλαιτέ-ραν). The manuscript is bound in leather. Marks of gatherings are lacking from the Callimachean portion. All the writing is in the same small and very neat hand. Ligatures abound. In the text, final letters (one, two, or three together, in full or abbreviated forms) are frequently written above those which precede them; in the same position, but in the middle of a word, α and abbreviated εν appear frequently; αι, ε, σ or ς, and abbreviated ον and ας, rarely. Iota subscr. is not regularly employed. Horizontal supralinear strokes are used 38 times to indicate names of persons. The scribe was a careful copyist. His major errors, not found in the common stock either of the manuscripts in general or of the z group, nor shared with G and H, number only 25 (permutation of letters, 7; omission and insertion of letters, 15; mis-division of words, 3); his minor, 43 (including 35 of accent).
Isocratea
Authors: Laistner M. L. W.
Published: June 2019

Among the writings of Isocrates the discourse ‘on the Peace’ ranks second only to the Panegyricus. Apart from its literary merits and historical importance, an additional interest attaches to this work, because it is one of the few classical writings of which an early papyrus in a fair state of preservation has come to light.
On Eth. Nic. I. c. 5
Authors: Mulvany C. M.
Published: June 2019

In E.N. I. c. 5 Aristotle is considering divers views as to what constitutes Eudaimonia. He told us in c. 4, 2–3 that there are many conflicting opinions on the subject. The Many identify Happiness with some palpable good, such as pleasure, wealth, honour, but the Wise identify it with something beyond the Many, while [Plato] denied it to be any specific good at all. Of all these views we should (§ 4, cf. Michelet, p. 20) consider such as (i.) have many adherents or (ii.) are considered to be reasonable. Accordingly, the Universal Good is considered in c. 6 after consideration in c. 5 of five particular goods—pleasure in the form of bodily pleasure, honour, wealth, virtue [and, implied in the theoretic Life, wisdom]. These five goods are brought into relation with four Lives—viz. pleasure with the apolaustic; honour and virtue with the political; [wisdom] with the theoretic; wealth with the business or money-making Life; and the first three Lives are called προέχοντες. There is nothing in this introduction of the Lives to astonish us; for, as Aristotle himself tells us, τò ἀληθὲς ἐν τοȋς πρακτικοȋς ἐκ τῶν ἔργων καὶ τοû βίου κρίνεται (1179a 18). But there is much difference of opinion as to the argument he draws from the Lives. According to the view now submitted for consideration, the argument is that when a specific good, which some suppose to be Eudaimonia, is also the end of a ‘pre-eminent’ Life, then there is some prima facie probability in the view that that specific good is Eudaimonia.
Nuances in Plautine Metre
Authors: Hall F. W.
Published: June 2019

Readers of Phaedrus will have noticed that the rhythm of III. Ep. 34, Palam muttire plebeio piaculum est is unique. Nowhere else does he admit a molossus-word before the final metron of the iambic senarius, and he only admits it here because he is quoting a line from the Telephus of Ennius. Since a scholar whose opinion deserves respect proposes to introduce this rhythm into a reconstruction of a fragment of Laberius it seems worth while to examine its history in order to see how and why it was used, before it was finally banned. For Seneca, like Phaedrus, banns it entirely. The question has already been considered by Klotz, Grundzüge Altrömischer Metrik, pp. 324 sqq.; W. M. Lindsay, Captiui (large edition), p. 66; Havet, Métrique, 276 (though the treatment there is too short to be satisfactory); and by T. Hingst in his inaugural dissertation De Spondeis et Anapaestis in antepaenultimo pede uersuum generis duplicis Latinorum, Leipzig, 1904.
Prosody and Method II
Authors: Housman A. E.
Published: June 2019

I Choose the word metrical rather than prosodical, to make it plain at the outset that I am not concerned with the rule in Priscian—not of Priscian, for its irrelevance is sufficient proof of that—G.L.K. II p. 82 7–9 ‘gnus quoque uel gna uel gnum terminantia longam habent uocalem paenultimam, ut regnum stagnum benignus malignus abiegnus priuignus Pelignus’, still less with the illegitimate inference sometimes drawn from it, that this pair of consonants, like ns and nf, lengthened a short vowel whenever they followed it. The present dispute is not about vowels but about syllables; the power of gn to make position, as they say, like st or x, and so to impede the flow of verse.
‘Imitation’ in Plato's Republic
Authors: Tate J.
Published: June 2019

It has become a standing reproach upon Plato's treatment of poetry in the Republic that he forgets or misrepresents in the tenth book what he said in the third.

According to the earlier discussion, poetry is required to perform important services in the ideal state; its subject-matter will make the young familiar with true doctrines (376 sqq.); its style will reflect the qualities proper to the character of guardian, and therefore—by the principle of imitation—induce and confirm such qualities in the souls of young and old (392c sqq.). Poetry, like all other forms of art, must train the young to love and resemble the beauty of truth (τῷ καλῷ λόγῳ, 401d), so that when reason develops, they will recognize it as an old friend (402).
Lucan, Statius, and Juvenal in the Early Centuries
Authors: Thomson H. J.
Published: June 2019

The histories of literature tell us that these three poets were out of favour with scholars during the second and third centuries and the first half of the fourth. Lucan and Statius certainly had a vogue in the first: Suetonius studied Lucan at school (Vita Lucani ‘Poemata eius etiam praelegi memini’), and Statius (Theb. XII. 814–5) can say to his book:

‘Iam te magnanimus dignatur noscere Caesar

Itala iam studio discit memoratque iuuentus.’
The Hymn to Hermes
Authors: Agar T. L.
Published: June 2019

In my last paper, C.Q., January, 1927, I stated briefly that v. 349 should stand in immediate sequence to v. 351. Few, I think, will refuse assent to this. But more than this may be learnt from the line in its new position:

τοῖα πλωρ' ὡς εἔ τις ραισι δρνσ βανοι.
Hedonism in Plato's Protagoras
Authors: Hackforth R.
Published: June 2019

Perhaps the most important contribution to the history of Greek philosophy that has been made during the last twenty years is to be found in the work under-taken by Professors Burnet and A. E. Taylor in reconstructing the personality of the historical Socrates. There is, by this time, fairly general agreement that it is not to Xenophon's Memorabilia but to Plato's dialogues that we must go if we are to attempt to understand what Socrates meant for his own age and for all time. But Socrates' gain has been Plato's loss. We are compelled to deny to Plato any power of really original thinking until at least his fortieth year. He is, indeed, still left in possession of supreme literary and dramatic genius; but all that he wrote, down to and including the Republic, is not the fruit of his own thought, but the careful record of the thought of Socrates.
Graeca
Authors: McKenzie Roderick
Published: June 2019

An application of the method used by M. Meillet (Mem. Soc. Ling. XIX. p. 181) to the variation οἲχομαι: οίχνέω indicates that this verb probably had non-thematic inflexion at one time. From these two forms we can abstract a stem οίχ- which may be added to M. Meillet's list of presents with o vocalization. The meaning of οἵχομαι(οἲχʵται ‘he has gone away’) has been arrived at by a series of changes which can still be observed. As Buttmann (Sprachlehre II. p. 252) showed, οἲχομαι originally meant ‘to go’ without the notion ‘away’ (‘das eigentliche gehn, ohne den Begriff fort’). In confirmation of this he points to ⋯ποίχομαι (he might have added προσοίχομαι Pind.) and II. E 495: κατ⋯ στρατὐν ᾤχετο πάντη 'Οτρύνων μαχέσαθαι A53: ⋯νν⋯μαρ μ⋯ν στρατ⋯ν ᾣχετο κ⋯λα θεοῖο. He seems right also in his assertion that the use of the present form οἲχεται in a perfect sense (‘he has gone’) is secondary and derived from οἲχεται ‘there he goes.’ The o grade of οἲχομαι has therefore nothing to do with the o grade of the Indo-Eur. perfect, but must be grouped with that of βόλομαι, ὂρομαι and the rest.
ΠΑΡΑΙΤΕΙΣΘΑΙ = ΑΘΕΤΕΙΝ?
Authors: Bolling George Melville
Published: June 2019

This equation was set up by Mr. Allen in the Classical Review XV. 8–9 (1901), and remained, as far as I know, for over twenty years without effect. I thought, therefore, when writing my External Evidence for Interpolation in Homer (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1925) that the article had provided its own corrective and needed no criticism. About the same time, however, Mr. Allen in his Homer: The Origins and the Transmission (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924), 2352, reiterated his opinion; and later still Mr. Sheppard, ib. XLI. 127–9 (1927), shows that he has been impressed by it. Under these circumstances, and because a good deal depends upon the interpretation of the word, a brief discussion now seems desirable.
Questions without Answers
Authors: Lobel E.
Published: June 2019

The appearance of P. Oxy. 2080 makes possible the solution of an old puzzle in the περ συντάξεωσ of Apollonius Dyscolus. Speaking of the inadmissibility of the definite article with λλήλων, Apollonius says (p. 60, Uhlig): κα προϕανέσ στιν κ τσ παρ πσι χρήσεωσ κα το συμπαρεπομένου λόγου. μετ ῥματοσ γρ διαβατικν προσώπων διάθεσιν σημαίνει,

λλήλουσ τρώσητε (Od. τ 12)

λλήλουσ δ' λήϊσαν

λλήλωѵ λεείνοντεσ βέλεα στονόεντα (Il. P 374).
Prosody and Method
Authors: Housman A. E.
Published: June 2019

In a paper on the application of thought to textual criticism which I read before the Classical Association at Cambridge in 1921 (Proceedings vol. XVIII pp. 67–84)I made some remarks which I abbreviate as follows: ‘One of the forms assumed by thoughtlessness in textual criticism is the endeavour, now frequent especially among Continental scholars, to break down accepted rules of grammar or metre by the mere enumeration of exceptions found in MSS. That can never break down a rule: number is nothing; what matters is weight, and weight can onlybe ascertained by scrutiny. If I had noted every example I have met, I should now have a large collection of passages where orbis, which our grammars and dictionaries declare tobe masculine, has a feminine adjective attached to it. But I do not therefore propose to revisethat rule of syntax; for scrutiny would show that these examples, though numerous, have no force. In most of them the context proves that orbem, orbis, orbes, etc., are merely corruptions of the corresponding case and number of urbs; and in the rest it is natural to suppose that the scribe has been influenced and confused by the likeness of the one word to the other.’
Aristotle's Verses In Praise Of Plato
Authors: Jaeger Werner
Published: June 2019

FOR hundreds or even thousands of years posterity saw in Aristotle only the impersonal intellectual majesty of the philosophical system. When awakening humanism began everywhere to seek in the works of the classic writers the impress of their personality, this new interest met in Aristotle with the most stubborn resistance. His was a very different case from that of Plato or Demosthenes. The few notices preserved of his life and person remained in merely external relation to the body of his works. In recent times we have begun, however, to discern the intellectual history of the man Aristotle, and in this regard his relations to Plato naturally acquire special significance. In the various phases of his life these relations took various forms; but in view of late gossip about the pupil's ingratitude to the master, it is as well to say that never was Aristotle^s attitude to Plato other than one of the deepest possible veneration. It has a special psychological fascination to see how this veneration expressed itself at the time when Aristotle found himself committed to philosophical opposition to his master; and it is significant that the only documentary proofs of Aristotle's attitude that we possess belong to these years. Evidently his veneration found this compensating expression when he was forced to publish his philosophical critisma.
The Hymn to Hermes
Authors: Agar T. L.
Published: June 2019

So far as I am aware no editor and no critic has ever questioned the integrity of the four opening words of 313 as they stand above. So written they are seriously misleading. Let them be arranged as three,

αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα ἕκαστα,

and we have the sentence as the author of the Hymn surely wrote it (Mosc.), whatever support may be found elsewhere for the article before ἕκαστα.
Trivialities Of Greek History
Authors: Lobel E.
Published: June 2019

The manuscripts of Pausanias present at III. 16, 4 the following: 'Iòντι δἐ ώσ ἐπì τἀσ πνλἀσ ἀπò τοȗ Xιτῶνοσ Xείλωνόσ ὲστιν ἡρῷον τοȗ σοΦοȗ νομιζομένον καì Aθηναίων ρω τῶν όμοȗ Δωριεȋ τῷ 'Aναξανδρίδον σταλέντων ὲσ Σικλίαν. By a change euphemistically called an emendation Madvig has replaced 'Aθηναίων ρω by 'Aθηνοδώρον, a person unknown to history, whose further acquaintance we will not pursue.
‘Mox’
Authors: Rose H. J.
Published: June 2019

Thatmox means, or can mean, ‘soon,’ is an assertion which is made often and positively, in works of all sorts, from the ordinary dictionaries, such as Facciolati-Forcellini and Lewis and Short, and valuable writings on lexicography such as Merguet's lexicon to Cicero and Krebs-Schmalz' Antibarbarus, down to the latest little school book at which I have looked. As I had never been able to find a passage in which it clearly and unambiguously had that meaning, in any classical author, I have thought it worth while to examine all the instances in a few good writers, with a view to finding out how they really do use it.
Livy's Fourth Decade:A Preliminary Enquiry into the Evidence of MSS
Authors: Johnson S. K.
Published: June 2019

A summary view of the main evidence at our disposal may be soon obtained. Three traditions appear at the outset. The first depends on a MS. once at Mainz, and now no longer extant, but of which part, at any rate, still existed in the sixteenth century; the second on an eleventh century MS. at Bamberg; and the third on a number of later MSS. in Rome, Florence, Paris, the British Museum, Oxford, Holkham, and other places. The fact that (at any rate for preliminary investigation) these three traditions must be regarded as separate may be seen first from the parts of the decade which they each omit.
Varia
Authors: Mckenzie R.
Published: June 2019

The meaning of ὑποτύπτω to plunge or dip into a liquid, is so different from that of τύπτω, as to suggest that the word does not really contain τύπτω but arises from ὑπο-δύπτω (δύπτω = dive, plunge), in the same way as ποταπός from ποδαπός (Schweizer, Gramm. der Pergamenischen Inschriften, p. 107, note 1), κωλακρἐται from κωλαγρέται, Πεταγείτνιος from Πεδαγείτνιος (Solmsen, Beitr. zur gr. Wortforschung, p. 234), δεκάταρχος from δεκάδαρχος (cf. Thackeray, Gramm. of Old Testament in Greek, p. 103), in all of which a voiced stop situated between two unvoiced stops becomes unvoiced.
Ennivs, Ann. 503
Authors: Lindsay W. M.
Published: June 2019

Charisivs, in his chapter on Adverbs, cites for Hispane (p. 260 of the new edition by Barwick; p. 200 of the old edition by Keil) a line of Ennius' Annals (the number of the book is not stated; see Barwick's note):

Hispane, non Romane memoretis loqui me.

Professor Norden (Ennius und Vergil, p. 114), the apostle of Combinations-forschung, combines this fact with another fact mentioned by Livy (XXI. 19, 6), the celebre per Hispaniam responsum of a Spanish town to a Roman embassy. But why does he ignore a third fact which must be brought into any combination that can be convincing—the quotation of this line of Ennius by Festus in a paragraph (of the R-chapter) which apparently deals with Graeco-Roman affinities (362, 10) ?
Archaism in Terence
Authors: Craig J. D.
Published: June 2019

It is sometimes assumed too rigorously that what distinguishes the language of Terence from that of Plautus is its modernity; that antiquated forms and expressions, common enough in the older dramatist (died 184), were all but completely absent in the younger (died 159). On this assumption a faulty Terence line is due simply to mistranscription, and the method of emendation is the same as would be employed on any MS. incorrectly copied in Carolingian times from an archetype now lost.
Sappho's Book as depicted on an Attic Vase
Authors: Edmonds J. M.
Published: June 2019

The fifth-century vase numbered 1260 in the collection of the National Museum at Athens and 1241 in the Catalogue of Collignon and Couve represents Sappho seated reading from a roll to three women, one of whom (left) holds a wreath over Sappho, and another (right) holds out a lyre towards her. By the kindness of the Director of the British School I have recently been able to study the inscriptions on the roll in enlarged photographs, and also to avail myself of the result of a very careful examination which he made of the vase in company with Dr. Leonardos in December, 1919. The vase is published in Mus. Ital. II. 64 (Reinach, Répertoire I. 526, cf. Farnell, Greek Lyric Poetry, PI. ii.). In the rough representation of the roll given here, the gaps in the lines indicate the places where the roll is obscured by the hands which, hold it.
Virgil's Fifth Eclogue: A Defence of the Julius Caesar-Daphnis Theory
Authors: Drew D. L.
Published: June 2019

The identification of Daphnis with Julius Caesar, supported in most detail by Servius of the ancient commentators, has in general been either casually accepted or arbitrarily rejected by modern criticism without serious effort to ascertain how far the probabilities point one way or the other.
A New Ritual of the Orphic Mysteries
Authors: Tierney Michael
Published: June 2019

In discussing the origin and history of Orphism, it is usual to treat it rather as a system of belief than as a ritual. The former aspect of it probably was more salient in later times, yet it is certain that the Orphic movement began rather as a ritual with strong emphasis on purification and a rule of life. Its theological and traditional aspect developed only gradually, and the greatest characteristic of this development was always its readiness to incorporate elements possibly alien to the original Dionysos mystery, till it finally takes all Greek religious tradition within its scope. It was early influenced by Eleusinian ideas, and exerted a mutual influence on the cults and myths of the Kabeiroi and those of Sabazios. Whether its own ritual was affected by these latter to the same degree as its mythology we cannot say with certainty, but it may at any rate be affirmed that Orphism was an eclectic type of religion from the beginning. This was indeed only natural to such a system which depended for its teaching on wandering priests, and may never have possessed any kind of temple. It may also be safely said that neither the rite nor the central beliefs of Orphism were nearly as much affected by these borrowings as its mythology. It took over the names and some of the legends of strange deities and grafted them on to its own system. The ritual may have remained in all essentials the same, as did the eschatology.
On Il. Θ 164
Authors: Agar T. L.
Published: June 2019

In the last issue of the C.Q. Mr. Powell has called attention to my emendation ἔρρε κακῇ γ;λνῃ, which he finds a difficulty in accepting, because he cannot find any formula of imprecation corresponding to the formula of blessing, τχγαθῇ. He would, therefore, if I am not mistaken, take refuge in a suggestion of Mr. T. C. Snow's, which maintains the traditional vocative, while at the same time annexing my new explanation. Evidently my exposure in Homerica (Pref. p. 9) of the futility of the long-established ‘poor puppet’ has taken effect, and I am glad of it, for it simplifies matters considerably, if the only question between Mr. Powell and myself is whether ‘O evil eye’ or ‘with the evil eye’ is the better.
Plotiniana
Authors: Dodds E. R.
Published: June 2019

As the later phases of Greek thought are at last beginning to receive in England and Ireland the attention they merit, it is hoped that the following critical notes on Plotinus may be of interest to a few readers. Some involve points of doctrine; others are intended to illustrate certain shortcomings of the German school, who have hitherto been practically the sole workers in the textual field.
Etymologies of Some Homeric Words
Authors: Tucker T. G.
Published: June 2019

The etymologies of Homeric words have been considered too much in the light of later Greek. The following suggestions are, so far as I am aware, new. I express them briefly for economy of space.

'Аχαα;ιο, τριχικες, Δαναο, “λληνες.
On a Latin Phonetic Rule
Authors: Tucker T. G.
Published: June 2019

It is a familiar statement that, when in a primitive Latin word of the scansion the ––≏ first syllable is long by position before a geminated consonant (as in *mammilla, *offella, *farrina), the tendency is to omit one of the consonants and produce the scansion ∪–≏ (as in mamilla, ofella, farina). No such shortening occurs in words of the same scansion when the initial syllable is either naturally long or made long by other groups of consonants.
Two Notes from the Liber Glossarvm
Authors: Laistner M. L. W.
Published: June 2019

In App. Verg. Priap. 3, 3, the most recent editor adopts the form fomitata, first proposed by I. Voss, a form which seems to derive its only authority from a passage in Paulus' abridgement of Festus (Paul. Fest. 66, 9). Though there is some variation in the MSS. of the Priapeia (formitata, formicata, formata, formidata), the first four letters are in every case the same—namely, form-. Again, in Ps.-Placidus (22, 26) the MSS. give formitat, but Goetz (Thes. Gloss, s.v.) prints this as fo[r]mitat. The reading formitata was upheld by Skutsch, who quoted the form formitare as a parallel to exitare in Catull. 17, 24, which all recent editors have changed to excitare.
A Caper Quotation in the Liber Glossarvm
Authors: Rees Frances
Published: June 2019

In Class. Quart. XV. 193 Dr. Mountford discussed a quotation from the Grammarian Caper in the Liber Glossarum (s.v. Lacteus), and referred it to an item culled from Vergil Scholia by the Abstrusa Glossary. Since Keil in his edition of this grammarian (Gram. Lat. VII.) did not know of this glossary evidence to Caper's text, it may be worth mention that another Caper quotation appears in Lib. Gloss., s.v. Kaluus (properly Kalua or Calua). It is taken from the first sentence of p. 100 of Keil's edition, and shows that the words caluaria singulare have dropped out of the three Caper MSS. used by Keil, after plurale est, though they have left a trace in a variant (caluaria for calua) in two of the trio. And it testifies (rightly or wrongly) to the name of the historian who used caluaria ‘a skull.’ Here is the gloss as it stands in the two chief MSS. of the Liber Glossarum:

Kaluus:

кραѵоѵ uocatur, licet Celio et Varro kaluariam dicant; nam caluariae plurale est, kaluaria singulare.
Candelabrvm Theodosianvm
Authors: Laistner M. L. W.
Published: June 2019

In a recent article1 mention was made of a MS. (Cod. Vat. Reg. 215) from which Goetz printed selections in Vol. V. (pp. 583–6) of the (Corpus Glossariorum Latinorum, and one of its entries was discussed. This so-called glossary, which, as was indicated in the article in question, appears in reality to be a collection of notes, arranged in alphabetical order, from the lectures delivered by Martin the Irishman at Laon in the middle of the ninth century, is preserved in another MS. now in the British Museum2 (Royal 15 A XVI. foil. 74r sqq.). This MS. was not used by Goetz. On fol. 81 appears the following entry:

‘Moechus est adulter alterius t[h]orum furtim polluens; inde a m echo dicitur m[o]echanica ars, ingeniosa atque subtilissima et pene quomodo facta uel administrata sit inuisibilis in tantum, ut etiam uisum conspicientium quodam modo furetur, dum non facile penetratur eius ingeniositas quali ingenio artis candelabrum illud Theodosianum factum legitur.’
Nvgae Epigraphicae
Authors: Tod Marcus N.
Published: June 2019

Of all the numerous inscriptions which throw light “upon the organization and activities of the ancient religious and social guilds, none is more valuable and none more vivid than that which contains the minutes of a meeting of the Athenian Iobacchi followed by acomplete text of the statutes which were then unanimously ratified. This document, originally published by S. Wide in A th. Mitt. XIX. 248 sqq., appears in a number of well-known and widely accessible collections—Dittenberger's S.I.G. 737, 1109; Roberts andGardner's Introduction to Greek Epigraphy, II. No. 91; Ziehen's Leges Graecorum Sacrae, II. 46; Michel's Recueil, 1564; and I.G. II. 1368—and has been discussed in detail by E. Maass (Orpheus, 14 sqq.), who republishes the text with a translation and commentary, and by E. Drerup (Neue Jahrbücher f. d. klass. Altertum, III. 356 sqq.).
The Date of the Eclipse in Plutarch's De facie
Authors: Sandbach F. H.
Published: June 2019

Plutarch's dialogue De facie in orbe lunae contains a mention of an eclipse, the identification of which would give a terminus post quern, for the composition of the work. The speaker is the Etruscan Lucius, the Pythagorean friend of Sulla the Carthaginian, and his words are as follows (93ID): ‘Concede me this, remembering this recent eclipse, which, beginning immediately after midday (εύθùς έκ μεσηβρίας άρξαμένη), caused many stars to appear in many quarters of the sky.’ For such a phenomenon to occur the eclipse must have been nearly or quite total.
Homeric Names in -tor
Authors: Macurdy Grace H.
Published: June 2019

Among the Homeric names there are many of the shortened form, of types that appear in historical Greek names and also some with endings (such as -ες, της, and -τωρ) that disappear, or tend to disappear, in names of the later time. Different forms of the same name occur; Patroklos is the only form used in the nominative of that hero's name, but in the other cases forms of the name Patrokles are found. The name Sthenelaos appears in its full form and there is also the variant Sthenelos. The full name Agasthenes is used in Il. 2. 624, but in the case of others who have names originally made in the same way the short forms appear; Eurystheus is short for Eurysthenes and his name contains an element of his father's name Sthenelos. The name Menesthenes does not occur in Homer, but the forms Menestheus, Menesthes, and Menesthios are all found. Other examples could be added of the variety which existed in the early form of the language in the proper names that are variants or ‘short forms’ of the original name.
The Text of the Nicomachean Ethics
Authors: Rackham H.
Published: June 2019

The following emendations, if sound, illustrate the relation between the two chief MSS.

(a) Kb shows a gloss that has ousted the true reading, while Lb has a conflation of the two:

1097b 14: τ δ αὒταρκες τίθεμεν μονούμενον ἄρκιον κα αἱρετν ποιεῖ τν βον κα μηδενς νδε Lb: αἱρετν κα ἄρκιον Mb (which is better, as it does not divide ἄρκιον from μηδ. ένδ.): Kb has αἱρετν alone. I suspect the true reading to be ἄρκιον alone. On this αἱρετν was a mistaken gloss: it is out of place here, as it belongs to the concept τέλειον which was discussed in §§ 1–5 and to which we return below, ἒτι δ πάντωναἱρετωτάτην μ συναριθμονμένην. The poetic ἄρκιον is used to explain αὔτ-αρκες, and is itself paraphrased κα μηδενς νδε. αύτ is explained by μονούμενον, just as b 9 αὐτῷ was explained by τῷ ντι βίον μονώτην (which shows that μονούμενον goes with βίον, not ὃ).
Xenophon and Sophaenetus
Authors: Gwynn A.
Published: June 2019

The fifth book of Xenophon's Anabasis presents a puzzle which Mr. Tarn has not discussed in his most stimulating chapter on the ‘Ten Thousand’ in the Cambridge Ancient History. Xenophon is telling the story of the retreat along the shore of the Black Sea. At Cotyora, at Xenophon's own suggestion (so he tells us) a general кαθαρμός was held by the survivors. For some time past the troops had been beginning to get badly out of hand. There had been a particularly disgraceful scene at Cerasus, which they had left a week before their arrival at Cotyora. Certain local tribes of the Colchi had sent ambassadors to the Greek army, which was actually leaving the town at the moment of their arrival. Most of the troops were already outside the walls; but some stragglers who were still within the town stoned the ambassadors to death, and a general riot ensued. Now, not a word of this story is told by Xenophon in its proper place in the narrative (V. 4, 1), where we are simply told that the Greeks left Cerasus, some by sea and seme by land. The whole story is told later in great detail, and in a curious form: as a digression which Xenophon makes in a speech immediately preceding the court of enquiry at Cotyora.
Cornutus and the Poets
Authors: Tate J.
Published: June 2019

No modern writer, so far as I am aware, has called attention to the peculiar attitude adopted by Cornutus towards Homer and Hesiod. My object in this article is to state his attitude, and attempt some account of its significance for the history of Greek allegorical interpretation of poetry.
Corrigendum
Authors: Stone C. G.
Published: June 2019

I HAVE to correct a mistake in my article in the last number of the C.Q., on p. 195, n. 1. The sentence containing it runs; ‘Thus, for the consular provinces of 51–50, the Senate picked out the two senior ex-consuls who had not yet held consular governorships.’ But, to begin with, it is apparent from Caesar, B.C. I. 6, 5, that Cotta, who had been consul in 65, and was therefore senior to Cicero and Bibulus, had not held a consular province by 49. And secondly, as to what was done in determining who should have the consular provinces of 51–50, there seems to be no evidence. Cicero's statement in Ad Fam. III. 2, i, that praeter opinionem it had become necessary for him to go out to a province, may mean that he had counted on being unaffected by the regulations of 52, and that either a subsequent decree of the Senate or some arrangement made by a few senatorial leaders had upset his expectations. But of course praeter opinionem may refer to his not having expected before 52 that he would have to undertake a governorship. Nor can we tell whether his words (ib., § 2), Vides ex senatus consulto provinciam esse habendam, refer to a decree prescribing who should draw lots for the consular provinces of 51–50, or merely to a decree which had the effect of obliging Appius to hand over Cilicia to a successor. However, the point that after 52 the Senate or its leaders had some power to determine what ex-magistrates should draw lots for provinces, seems to be sufficiently proved by Ad Fam. VIII. 8, 8, where praetorian provinces are concerned, and Caesar, B.C. I. 85, 9.
An Unrecognized Fragment of Hyginus, Fabvlae
Authors: Rose H. J.
Published: June 2019

That a considerable fragment of the Fabulae of Hyginus—whoever Hyginus may have been and whenever he lived—exists in a Greek translation in the Hermeneumata Leidensia (C.G.L. III., p. 56, 30 sqq.) is well known to all students of his work. Indeed, this extract furnishes the terminus ante quem for Hyginus’ date in its opening words; I cite it as accented and punctuated by Schmidt (p. liv of his edition of the Fabulae, Jena, 1872):

Maξμѱ ka “Aπρῳ v´πáτoιs πρò у εἰδν ΣεπTεμβρων ‘Ỵуνoυ уενεaλoуaν πâσιν уνωστν μετуραΨα, ν ὦ ἒσoνται π λεoνɛṣ ἱστoρατ δτερμνευνατ ν τoὑτῳ τῴ βιβλῳ θεν уàρ kα θεáων νματα ν δευτρ ξεπλξαμεν λ’ π τoτ σoνται τoτων ξμуσεισ, ε kα μ πσαι, ττων μντoιуε ν τoστ δναμαι.
Codex Laurentianus Graecus Lxx. 36.
Authors: Rattenbury R. M.
Published: June 2019

‘Heliodori Aethiopica, sive Fabula … complectens amores castos Theagenis et Chancleae Libris X quorum singuli, quoad initium et finem, cum editione Graeca Basil[iensi] MDXXXIV. 4. collati, cum ipsa penitus consentire comperti sunt.…

‘Codex Graecus Chartaceus Ms. in 8 Saec. XV plurimis in locis manu Saec. XVI suppletus. Constat foliis scriptis 211.’
On Some Lines of Plautus and Terence
Authors: Lindsay W. M.
Published: June 2019

The Placidus Glossary was hailed in Ritschl's time as a new clue to Plautus' true text. And Buecheler, Ritschl's pupil, seized on its Alapari est alapas minari, etc., and foisted this verb on Plaut. True. 928. The great Latin Thesaurus quotes the line with this piece of new cloth put on an old garment:

nil alapari satiust, miles,

instead of the correct

philippiari satiust, miles.
On the Original Significance of the Genius
Authors: Rose H. J.
Published: June 2019

Not a little speculation has been expended on the Genius in ancient and modern times. I propose very briefly to recapitulate the known facts about him, examine the chief explanations, and give what I consider the true one.
Euripides and Menander
Authors: Andrewes M.
Published: June 2019

Greek New Comedy, as we know it from references and fragmentary MSS., is the meeting-place of three confluent streams—comedy of manners, Aristophanic comedy, and tragedy. From Sicilian comedy, through Epicharmus at Syracuse and Crates and Pherecrates at Athens, it inherited certain stock stage figures, and a tradition of ‘invented’ plots and sententious speech. Old Comedy it resembled in its fun and informality and many stage conventions; and, indeed, the resemblance was so marked, in at least one of the later plays of Aristophanes, that the writer of his life, mistaking effect for cause, claimed the lost Cocalus as the original model of New Comedy. Perhaps most important of all was the influence of tragedy; and this influence may be estimated by a direct comparison between Euripides and Menander, both in the spirit and form of their plays and in the social and philosophic theories underlying them.
The Manuscripts of the Metamorphoses of Apvleivs. I
Authors: Robertson D. S.
Published: June 2019

The later MSS. of the Metamorphoses of Apuleius have received little attention. Hildebrand's edition, the last to give an extensive apparatus criticus, appeared in 1842, and seven years later Keil announced his belief that all the MSS. which he had seen in Italy were derived from Laur. 68. 2 (F), the famous eleventh century MS., written at Monte Cassino, and now at Florence. Since Keil, all texts have been based almost exclusively on F, with assistance from its twelfth or thirteenth century copy Laur. 29. 2 (φ), in the enormous number of places where F is now illegible.
‘Tempore Pvncto’
Authors: Merrill W. A.
Published: June 2019

Lvcretivs II. 263 ‘nonne uides etiam patefactos tempore puncto.’ ‘Tempore puncto’ occurs only here in Lucretius and in no other author; but ‘puncto tempore’ is read in II. 456, 1006, IV. 214; ‘puncto in tempore et,’ VI. 230. ‘Temporis puncto’ is found at I. 1109, and ‘temporis in puncto’ at IV. 164, 193. ‘Puncto… diei’ occurs in IV. 201. ‘Punctum’ as a noun corresponds to ἂτομος, for a point has no dimensions; St. August. Ep. 205, 14, ‘atomo temporis, inquit, hoc est in puncto temporis quod diuidi non potest.’ ‘Inquit’ refers to St. Paul I. Ad Corinth. XV. 52, where the N.T. has ν τόμѡ and the present Vulgate ‘in momento.’ And in Ep. 190, 15, St. Austin says ‘summa celeritate atque atomo temporis’; and St. Jerome, Ep. 119, 2, ‘in atomo et in puncto temporis atque momento,’ 5 ‘atomus… punctum temporis est’; J. Cassian, Inst. II. 7, 2, ‘puncto breuissimo’; Lact. Inst. VII. 12 ‘uno temporis puncto.’ ‘Punctum temporis’ or ‘atomus temporis’ means an instant of time that cannot be divided.
The Ionicvs a Minore of Horace.
Authors: Postgate J. P.
Published: June 2019

The Twelfth Ode of the Third Book of Horace consists of four stanzas in this metre, each stanza consisting of ten feet. How these feet should be distributed into verses is a matter of much dispute; but inasmuch as it does not concern me at the present time I shall avoid it by following certain editors of Horace and printing each stanza continuously.
Geographical Lore in the Liber Glossarvm
Authors: Laistner M. L. W.
Published: June 2019

In the encyclopaedia portion of the Liber Glossarum the compiler introduced numerous historical and geographical excerpts of varying length. The writers from whose works the geographical extracts are primarily taken are Isidore, Orosius, and Eutropius; but though the compiler has in many cases appended the labels ESIDORI, PAVLI HOROSI, or simply OROSI, and EVTROPI to the entries, this is by no means always the case. A few of the excerpts are of great length; thus, the longest of all, Hispania (HI 233), which is labelled PAVLI HOROSI, SVLINI, OROSI, fills a whole column of the Paris MS. (P.). Other long geographical entries are IT 12 (Italia), GA 52–4 (Gallia Belgica, Gallia Lugdunensis, Gallia), and RO 105–8 (Roma). The length of HI 233, coupled with the fact that the next entry (HI 234) fills half a column of P., and contains Isidore's remarks on Spain (Etym. 14, 4, 28–30), has been used as an argument by those scholars who maintain that the Liber Glossarum is the work of a Spanish compiler. To this the obvious retort would seem to be that the presence of three passages about Gaul might with equal justice be used to support the view that the compilation was made in France. Other evidence of a ‘Spanish hand’ in certain geographical items will be given below, but it is of such a character that it adds nothing to the evidence for the vexed question of provenance.
Pvblivs Clodivs and the Acts of Caesar
Authors: Pocock L. G.
Published: June 2019

‘Tu tuo praecipitante iam et debilitato tribunatu auspiciorum patronus subito exstitisti …; tibi M. Bibulus quaerenti se de caelo seruasse respondit idemque in contione dixit, ab Appio tuo fratre productus, te omnino, quod contra auspicia adoptatus esses, tribunum non fuisse. tua denique omnis actio posterioribus mensibus fuit, omnia quae C. Caesar egisset, quod contra auspicia essent acta, per senatum rescindi oportere; quod si fieret, dicebas te tuis umeris me custodem urbis in urbem relaturum.’
‘Domitianae Cohortes’
Authors: How W. W.
Published: June 2019

Dr. Rice Holmes has thrown a flood of light on innumerable passages in Caesar's Commentaries, but in one small matter he has, as I hope to show, darkened counsel. In his recent work on the Roman Republic and the founder of the Empire (Vol. III., pp. 369–71) his anxiety to retain the MSS. reading III. in Caesar (Bell. Ciu. I. 30. 2), ‘Mittit … in Siciliam Curionem pro praetore cum legionibus III.,’ leads him to pervert or neglect the plain meaning of other passages in Caesar. He holds that ‘Curio was not sent to Sicily with any legions,’ and that the ‘Domitian cohorts,’ which Caesar says (Bell. Ciu. I. 25. 1) he sent to Sicily straightway from Corfinium, are identical with the three legions which Caesar (Bell. Ciu. I. 30. 2, u.s.) says he sent with Curio from Brundisium. Dr. Holmes believes that this was what Caesar really meant, though he expressed himself loosely. Let us see how it agrees with Caesar's other statements.
Virgil's Cvlex
Authors: Lindsay W. M.
Published: June 2019

May I call the attention of English scholars to a remark by Professor Heinze in his review of Professor Frank's Virgil, a Biography, viz. that the Culex was a favourite present for schoolboys in Martial's time (Mart. 14, 185)?

How all the difficulties vanish if we regard it as Virgil's first publication, a mere tale for a schoolboy, written to help young Octavian in the Greek Mythology class-work! A peg on which to hang this memoria technica had been, we may suppose, supplied to Virgil by a recent incident in Octavian's neighbourhood, the wonderful escape of a goatherd from a serpent.
Socrates and Plato in Post-Aristotelian Tradition—II
Authors: Field G. C.
Published: June 2019

The Platonic Commentators.—After Cicero the Academy is no more than a few names to us for nearly five centuries. The nearest that we get to contact with it in this period is in the writings of Plutarch. He was himself a student there, and was well read in the books of Plato and the commentaries thereon.
On Euripides, Medea 214–18
Authors: Agar T. L.
Published: June 2019

This passage has caused much discussion and much variety of opinion, and it still remains doubtful whether the later commentators in their efforts at exact interpretation have been more successful than the earlier ones. The general sense is sufficiently clear. Medea is making an apology to the Chorus of sympathizing Corinthian ladies for her delay in appearing before them. So far all are agreed. The difficulties, real or unreal, arise when we begin to inquire what form the apology actually takes. First of all there are doubts as to the meaning of το ὺς μ⋯⋯ μ⋯⋯ᾂπο. in the Scholia. we have a gloss μῂ όρώμνοɩ είναɩ. and the explanation το⋯ Xωρίςεσθαɩ καì ᾂτ⋯ν ποθεν ⋯μμάτων είναɩ. Many scholars have taken exception to this view on two grounds, as stated by Verrall ad loc, because (I) ‘the sense of motion is not there, and (2) there is no reference to any eyes in particular.’ He requires either authority or analogy for this. As far as the absence of motion is concerned, it is sufficient to refer to Thuc. 1, 7 αί δ⋯ παλαɩαί(πόλεɩς) ᾀπ⋯θαλ⋯σσης μ⋯λλον ῲκίσθησαν id I, 99ἳναμῄ ᾀπ οἲκου ⋯σɩ,γ. Il. B 292 μένεν ᾀπ⋯ ᾑς ᾀλòΧοɩο. Then there is the analogous expression αί γàρ δῂ μοɩᾀπ οὒατος ώδε γένοɩτο (II.Σ 272, cf. X 454). As to the second objection, why is it necessary that the eyes of anyone in particular should be referred to ? There is no more ambiguity here than there is in Il Ψ 53 θâσσον ᾀπ ⋯ϕθαλμ⋯ν, where the meaning is ‘so as to be out of sight, not of me or you, but of everybody.’ In fact, it could not be maintained with any show of reason that ᾀπ⋯ϕθαλμ⋯νand ᾀποὒατς could not mean ‘out of sight’ and ‘out of hearing’.
Lex de Actis Cn. Pompeii Confirmandis: Lex Ivlia or Lex Vatinia?
Authors: Pocock L. G.
Published: June 2019

(1) In Cicero, In Vatinium, § 29, occur the words: ‘ Fecerisne foedera tribunus plebis cum ciuitatibus, cum regibus, cum tetrarchis?’

With this are to be compared:

(2)Ad Fam. I. 9, 7:‘In quo omnia dicta sunt libertate animoque maximo de ui, de auspiciis, de donatione regnorum.’

(3)Att. II. 9, I:‘Irnprobitate istorum, qui auspicia, qui Aeliam legem, qui Iuniam et Liciniam, qui Caeciliam et Didiam neglexerunt … qui regna quasi praedia tetrarchis … dederunt.’
A Quotation from Euripides
Authors: Ling P. H.
Published: June 2019

This famous iambic line is described—alike by commentators on the New Testament and by writers on the Greek drama—as a quotation in the first place from the lost Thaïs of Menander, and it is further stated that it was there borrowed from some play of Euripides no longer extant. In view of the revival of interest in Euripides during recent years, it seems worth while to examine the line in detail, and to see whether, in the light of our present knowledge, any further information can be extracted as to its precise source.
The Copa—II
Authors: Drew D. L.
Published: June 2019

In common with other poems of the Appendix Vergiliana, Copa has incurred the a priori suspicion of forgery or post-Virgilian imitation. But if, as I have tried to show, Copa was written under the direct and immediate influence of Theocritus, that suspicion can no longer be permitted to colour and confuse the enquiry into Copa's date and authorship. The poem has acquired the right to do battle with the Eclogues on equal terms for the palm of priority.