bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbon Emission Prediction Model for the Underground Mining Stage of Metal Mines
Authors: Ren Gaofeng , Wang Wei , Wu Wenbo , Hu Yong , Liu Yang
Published: August 2023

At present, the carbon emissions in China’s metal mining industry can be calculated based on the amount of energy consumed in the mining process. However, it is still difficult to predict the carbon emissions before implementation of mining engineering. There are no effective approaches that could reasonably estimate the amount of carbon emissions before mining. To this end, based on the ‘Top–down’ carbon emission accounting method recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), this study proposes a model to predict the greenhouse gases emitted in seven carbon-intensive mining stages, namely, drilling, blasting, ventilation, drainage, air compression, transportation, and backfilling. The contribution of this model is to enable a prediction of the accumulation of greenhouse gases based on the mining preliminary design of mine, rather than on the consumption of energy and materials commonly used in recent research. It also establishes the amount of carbon emissions generated by mining per unit cubic meter of ore rock as the minimum calculation unit for carbon emissions, which allows for the cost and footprint of carbon emissions in the mining process to become clearer. Then, a gold–copper mine is involved as a case study, and the greenhouse gas emissions were predicted employing its preliminary design. Among all the predicted results, the carbon emissions from air compression and ventilation are larger than others, reaching 22.00 kg CO2/m3 and 10.10 kg CO2/m3, respectively. By contrast, the carbon emissions of rock drilling, drainage, and backfilling material pumping are 5.87 kg CO2/m3, 6.80 kg CO2/m3, and 7.79 kg CO2/m3, respectively. To validate the proposed model, the calculation results are compared with the actual energy consumption data of the mine. The estimated overall relative error is only 5.08%. The preliminary predictions of carbon emissions and carbon emission costs in mining before mineral investment were realized, thus helping mining companies to reduce their investment risk.
The Impact of Family Supportive Supervisor Behavior on Employees’ Proactive Behavior: A Cognitive and Affective Integration Perspective
Authors: Fan Chuanhao , Ye Chunlan , Zhang Long , Gong Yao
Published: August 2023

With the increasing complexity of the external organizational environment, employees’ proactive behavior has become a critical factor for organizational success. However, there is limited research exploring the mechanisms behind employees’ proactive behavior from the perspective of family supportive supervisor behavior, which satisfies employees’ work–family balance. Based on the Cognitive–Affective Personality System theory and in the context of escalating work–family conflict and the Chinese cultural context, which emphasizes reciprocity, this study collected survey data from 535 employees in two stages. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between family supportive supervisor behavior and employees’ proactive behavior. The results show that family supportive supervisor behavior has a positive impact on employees’ proactive behavior; perceived insider status and affective commitment partially mediate the impact of family supportive supervisor behavior on employees’ proactive behavior; and perceived insider status and affective commitment play chain-mediating roles in the influence of family supportive supervisor behavior on employees’ proactive behavior. This study innovatively reveals the “black box” of the relationship between family supportive supervisor behavior and employees’ proactive behavior from the internal perspective of individual cognition–emotion. This expands the research on the consequences of family supportive supervisor behavior in the work field and provides inspiration for enterprises on how to motivate employees’ proactive behavior.
Increasing Consumers’ Purchase Intentions for the Sustainability of Live Farming Assistance: A Group Impact Perspective
Authors: Li Guangming , Chang Liting , Zhang Guiqing
Published: August 2023

Live farming assistance, which is an important channel for emerging agricultural sales, alleviated the challenges of disrupted agricultural sales caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in past years. As the final purchasers of products, consumers are directly related to the sales conversion rate of live farming assistance. Unlocking the potential influence of consumers’ purchase intentions in live farming assistance and exploring ways to improve consumers’ purchase intentions will help the sustainable operation of live farming assistance. The hidden quality of agricultural products, the public welfare nature, and the high interactivity of live farming assistance make consumers more susceptible to the group effect during the shopping process. This paper analyzes the impact of the group effect on consumers’ purchase intentions based on reference group influence theory and emotional contagion theory. Data is obtained through questionnaires for empirical testing. Three kinds of group effects are examined: informational effect, normative effect, and emotional effect. The research results indicate that the group effect has a positive and direct impact on consumers’ purchase intentions, and experience value plays a critical mediating role in this relationship. We further predict a moderated-mediation model, whereby the indirect effect of the group effect on consumers’ purchase intentions, through experience value, is moderated by tie strength. The research findings contribute to the study of consumer buying behavior in live e-commerce, and provide insights for practitioners to improve the conversion rate of live farming assistance and promote sustainable operation of live farming assistance.
Design Ritual into Modern Product: A Case Study of Chinese Bronze Ware
Authors: Wu Jun , Luo Wenzhe , Chen Jiaru , Lin Rungtai , Lyu Yanru
Published: August 2023

Bronze wares make up some of the most important bronze artifacts in ancient China’s Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasties. They carry rich historical, cultural and artistic information. In order to enable modern people to reflect on the ancient through products, an important research topic that must be considered is how to carry out innovative designs with bronze ware and how to add value to the development of cultural creative industries so as to promote sustainable cultural development. This study puts forward a research framework for the innovative design of bronze ware. Based on analysis of relevant cases, such as a purple copper antique wine vessel, the “Qing Niao” (“Blue Bird”) asking love wine cup and the HIBIKI ware wine glass, the study summarizes the innovative design strategy of modern transformation design of bronze ware. From the perspectives of functional attributes, cultural symbols, cultural identity and emotional resonance, the study finally proposes three design ideas: antiqued design, simplified design and reconstructed design. The study presents a research model which still needs to be verified in future studies. We hope that the model can integrate the principles of sustainability into the modern transformation design of cultural relics.
Barriers to Applying Last-Mile Logistics in the Egyptian Market: An Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Sultan Mohamed Amr , Kramberger Tomaž , Barakat Mahmoud , Ali Ahmed Hussein
Published: August 2023

Drawing on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this research aims to investigate the impact of social, environmental, and technological barriers on adopting the last-mile logistics application. This research used a self-administrative questionnaire to collect 1060 respondents from the Egyptian market and analysed it using partial least square structural equation modeling. The findings revealed that some elements could obstruct the implementation of last-mile delivery technologies, namely complexity, collaboration efforts between users and application developers and the impact of technical knowledge and expertise on the potentially involved users. The sharing economy helps organisations reduce contaminants, emissions and carbon footprints, and last-mile logistics is one of the tools of the sharing economy that can enhance the productivity and competitiveness of logistics and boost consumer fulfillment. This research will help enhance organisations’ performance in Egypt as a developing country and push towards applying environmental sustainability practices, as it introduces a tool to enhance customer satisfaction and reduce emissions by illustrating how last-mile logistics can be implemented. This is particularly important as last-mile logistics face some implementation barriers, especially in developing countries. In addition, it will help in extending the theory through conceptualising its abstract ideas with the research variables and applying it in a different context.
Seismic Response of Earth-Rock Dams with Innovative Antiseepage Walls on the Effect of Microscopic Fluid-Solid Coupling
Authors: Zhang Jingwei , Chen Xuanyu , Li Jia , Xu Shuaiqi
Published: August 2023

In dykes and dam projects, the microscopic fluid-solid coupling effect from the interaction between soil skeleton and pore water during an earthquake is crucial to consider, as it can lead to dam safety problems. To control seepage in medium- and small-sized dams, polymer antiseepage walls have emerged as effective measures. In recent years, this method has been increasingly utilized in projects worldwide as it is essential for preventing potential dam safety issues. To address concerns related to seismic safety, this study conducts theoretical analysis, model tests, and numerical simulations to investigate the seismic response of earth-rock dams with polymer antiseepage walls, with a specific focus on the microscopic fluid-solid coupling effect. The dynamic viscoelastic constitutive model used in this study incorporates Biot’s theory of dynamic consolidation and the results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of polymer materials. To validate the model, a centrifuge test is performed, and it is then utilized to study the seismic response of earth-rock dams with polymer antiseepage walls. Furthermore, the influence of factors such as fluid-solid coupling, water level, polymer material density, and wall thickness on the seismic response of dams with antiseepage walls is analyzed. Finally, the seismic safety of the earth-rock dam with the polymer antiseepage wall is thoroughly examined. The results emphasize the need to consider the fluid-solid coupling effect, as factors like water level and design parameters of the antiseepage wall significantly impact the seismic response of earth-rock dams with polymer antiseepage walls.
Improving Runoff Prediction Accuracy in a Mountainous Watershed Using a Remote Sensing-Based Approach
Authors: Fathololoumi Solmaz , Vaezi Ali Reza , Alavipanah Seyed Kazem , Ghorbani Ardavan , Karimi Firozjaei Mohammad , Biswas Asim
Published: August 2023

Due to the limited number and sparse distribution of meteorological and hydrometric stations in most watersheds, the runoff estimation based on these stations may not be accurate. However, the accurate determination of the Antecedent Soil Moisture (ASM) in watersheds can improve the accuracy of runoff forecasting. The objective of this study is to utilize the ASM derived from satellite imagery to enhance the accuracy of runoff estimation in a mountainous watershed. In this study, a range of Remote Sensing (RS) data, including surface biophysical and topographic features, climate data, hydrometric station flow data, and a ground-based measured SM database for the Balikhli-Chay watershed in Iran, were utilized. The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method was employed to estimate runoff. Two approaches were used for estimating the ASM: (1) using the precipitation data recorded in ground stations, and (2) using the SM data obtained from satellite images. The accuracy of runoff estimation was then calculated for these two scenarios and compared. The mean Nash–Sutcliffe statistic was found to be 0.63 in the first scenario and 0.74 in the second scenario. The inclusion of ASM derived from the satellite imagery in the precipitation–runoff model resulted in a 51% increase in the accuracy of runoff estimation compared to using precipitation data recorded in ground stations. These findings have significant implications for improving the accuracy of ASM and runoff modeling in various applications.
Reviving Urban Greening in Post-Industrial Landscapes: The Case of Turin
Authors: Dogan Evinc , Cuomo Federico , Battisti Luca
Published: August 2023

This paper explores the strategies for reviving urban greening in post-industrial landscapes through nature-based solutions (NbSs). The case of Turin was selected to investigate peri-urban farming practices at the old FIAT premises in the Mirafiori Sud area. Starting in the 2010s, the City of Turin launched new urban regeneration projects to transform degraded post-industrial landscapes into creative urban living labs (ULLs) for experimentation. The data were collected by reviewing the literature available from public sources, including project documents (deliverables, public reports, MOOC content, scientific articles, etc.). Interviews and focus groups with policymakers (municipality), volunteers (NGOs), and inhabitants were carried out to gather insights as primary sources. A qualitative thematic analysis was adopted to determine how NbS can be a force for enhancing multi-functionality in post-industrial areas by incorporating ULLs and green tourism as a co-creation model to connect with nature. The results showed that (1) Mirafiori Sud became a remarkable hub for co-creation projects to foster the transformation of brownfields into experimentation sites capable of hosting sustainable and inclusive solutions, (2) regenerative art practices in shared spaces play a crucial role in community engagement, (3) the support for urban agriculture initiatives could improve the ability of cities to provide alternative food (and cultural) networks. In sum, NbSs drive change in urban landscapes and promote green tourism via agricultural production.
Numerical Simulations and Wind Tunnel Experiments to Optimize the Parameters of the Second Sand Fence and Prevent Sand Accumulation on the Subgrade of a Desert Railway
Authors: Xin Guowei , Zhang Jie , Fan Liqiang , Deng Bin , Bu Wenjie
Published: August 2023

Wind-blown sand significantly affects the construction and safe operation of railways in desert regions. The performance of a wind-blown-sand prevention system with different structural parameters and sand accumulation around the railway subgrade was analyzed in this study. The optimum porosity and opening type of a second sand fence were assessed via wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulations. The results showed that the subgrade intercepted some sand and reduced sand accumulation on the track surface, and the interception rate was 29.70%. The wind-blown-sand prevention efficiency of the subgrade was 88.55%. Moreover, the lower the porosity of the second sand fence, the lower the sand velocity on the windward side and the higher the sand accumulation. The porosities of the first and second sand fences should be 30% and 20%, respectively, to maximize the sand accumulation between the fences. When the second sand fence had horizontal openings, most of the sand accumulated near the surface (within 20 cm) on the leeward side and on the straw checkerboard barrier, and the maximum wind-blown-sand prevention efficiency was 97.16%. When the second sand fence had vertical openings, the efficiency was 93.60%, and the sand accumulation on the leeward side and the straw checkerboard barrier was reduced. As the fence height increased (above 20 cm), the sand prevention efficiency of both approaches increased. The research results can provide guidance for the formulation and optimization of sand prevention measures for railways and highways in deserts.
Innovation, Awareness and Readiness for Climate Action in the Energy Sector of an Emerging Economy: The Case of Kenya
Authors: Fridgeirsson Thordur Vikingur , Ingason Helgi Thor , Onjala Johannes
Published: August 2023

The public sector plays a pivotal role in setting the pace for climate action innovation through policy development and inter-organization collaborations for sustainable energy solutions. There is generally a lack of a proper understanding of innovation in the public sector compared to the private sector, with the public sector being considered slow, bureaucratic adopters of innovation. This study investigated the understanding and approach to innovation in public energy organizations, determining if and how these organizations innovate and their ability to innovate, especially towards climate action, in Kenya while comparing them with Iceland, a developed economy with equivalent geothermal energy potential. A questionnaire survey was conducted in public energy organizations in Kenya and Iceland. Statistical analysis was used to validate and evaluate the collected data. The study findings revealed that innovation collaboration systems in organizations positively predicted the employees’ innovation awareness, confirming that energy sector innovations shall require public–private sector collaboration in developing innovative, incremental, and disruptive energy solutions. Employee knowledge and skills, on the other hand, were found not to be a predictor of an organization’s innovation awareness. Furthermore, employees’ motivation to innovate, as well as organizational innovation strategy, management structure and leadership, were found to positively predict an organization’s readiness to innovate. Finally, the Kenyan energy sector was benchmarked against the Icelandic energy sector indicating some noteworthy differences in the prioritization of energy sector climate action initiatives, with most organizations identifying themselves as innovation generators and innovation adopters and the least being innovation imitators, showing the organizations’ commitment to developing new technologies, markets and policies towards sustainable energy solutions.
An Assistive Model for the Visually Impaired Integrating the Domains of IoT, Blockchain and Deep Learning
Authors: Jadon Shruti , Taluri Saisamarth , Birthi Sakshi , Mahesh Sanjana , Kumar Sankalp , Shashidhar Sai Shruthi , Honnavalli Prasad B.
Published: August 2023

Internet of Things, blockchain and deep learning are emerging technologies that have recently gained popularity due to their various benefits and applications. All three domains have had success independently in various applications such as automation, agriculture, travel, finance, image recognition, speech recognition, and many others. This paper proposes an efficient, lightweight, and user-friendly solution to help visually impaired individuals navigate their way by taking advantage of modern technologies. The proposed method involves the usage of a camera lens attached to a Raspberry Pi device to capture live video frames of the user’s environment, which are then transmitted to cloud storage. The link to access these images is stored within a symmetrical private blockchain network (no superior access), where all deep learning servers act as nodes. The deep learning model deployed on these servers analyses the video frames to detect objects and feeds the output back to the cloud service. Ultimately, the user receives audio notifications about obstacles through an earphone plugged into the Raspberry Pi. In particular, when running the model on a high-performing network and an RTX 3090 GPU, the average obstacle notification time is reported within 2 s, highlighting the proposed system’s responsiveness and effectiveness in aiding visually impaired individuals.
Detection of Filoviruses in Bats in Vietnam
Authors: Makenov Marat T. , Le Lan Anh T. , Stukolova Olga A. , Radyuk Ekaterina V. , Morozkin Evgeny S. , Bui Nga T. T. , Zhurenkova Olga B. , Dao Manh N. , Nguyen Chau V. , Luong Mo T. , Nguyen Dung T. , Fedorova Marina V. , Valdokhina Anna V. , Bulanenko Victoria P. , Akimkin Vasiliy G. , Karan Lyudmila S.
Published: August 2023

A new filovirus named Měnglà virus was found in bats in southern China in 2015. This species has been assigned to the new genus Dianlovirus and has only been detected in China. In this article, we report the detection of filoviruses in bats captured in Vietnam. We studied 248 bats of 15 species caught in the provinces of Lai Chau and Son La in northern Vietnam and in the province of Dong Thap in the southern part of the country. Filovirus RNA was found in four Rousettus leschenaultii and one Rousettus amplexicaudatus from Lai Chau Province. Phylogenetic analysis of the polymerase gene fragment showed that three positive samples belong to Dianlovirus, and two samples form a separate clade closer to Orthomarburgvirus. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that 9% of Rousettus, 13% of Eonycteris, and 10% of Cynopterus bats had antibodies to the glycoprotein of marburgviruses.
COVID-19 Vaccines over Three Years after the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Zasada Aleksandra Anna , Darlińska Aniela , Wiatrzyk Aldona , Woźnica Katarzyna , Formińska Kamila , Czajka Urszula , Główka Małgorzata , Lis Klaudia , Górska Paulina
Published: August 2023

The outbreak of COVID-19 started in December 2019 and spread rapidly all over the world. It became clear that the development of an effective vaccine was the only way to stop the pandemic. It was the first time in the history of infectious diseases that the process of the development of a new vaccine was conducted on such a large scale and accelerated so rapidly. At the end of 2020, the first COVID-19 vaccines were approved for marketing. At the end of March 2023, over three years after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, 199 vaccines were in pre-clinical development and 183 in clinical development. The candidate vaccines in the clinical phase are based on the following platforms: protein subunit, DNA, RNA, non-replication viral vector, replicating viral vector, inactivated virus, virus-like particles, live attenuated virus, replicating viral vector combined with an antigen-presenting cell, non-replication viral vector combined with an antigen-presenting cell, and bacterial antigen-spore expression vector. Some of the new vaccine platforms have been approved for the first time for human application. This review presents COVID-19 vaccines currently available in the world, procedures for assurance of the quality and safety of the vaccines, the vaccinated population, as well as future perspectives for the new vaccine platforms in drug and therapy development for infectious and non-infectious diseases.
Correction: Magazine et al. Mutations and Evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. Viruses 2022, 14, 640
Authors: Magazine Nicholas , Zhang Tianyi , Wu Yingying , McGee Michael C. , Veggiani Gianluca , Huang Weishan
Published: August 2023

In the original publication [...]
A Multiplex Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Rapid Differential Detection of Subgroups A, B, J, and K Avian Leukosis Viruses
Authors: Dou Junfeng , Wang Zui , Li Li , Lu Qin , Jin Xinxin , Ling Xiaochun , Cheng Zhengyu , Zhang Tengfei , Shao Huabin , Zhai Xinguo , Luo Qingping
Published: August 2023

Avian leukosis (AL), caused by avian leukosis virus (ALV), is a contagious tumor disease that results in significant economic losses for the poultry industry. Currently, ALV-A, B, J, and K subgroups are the most common in commercial poultry and cause possible coinfections. Therefore, close monitoring is necessary to avoid greater economic losses. In this study, a novel multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed to detect ALV-A, ALV-B, ALV-J, and ALV-K with limits of detection of 40, 11, 13.7, and 96 copies/µL, respectively, and no cross-reactivity with other ALV subtypes and avian pathogens. We detected 852 cell cultures inoculated with clinical samples using this method, showing good consistency with conventional PCR and ELISA. The most prevalent ALV strain in Hubei Province, China, was still ALV-J (11.74%). Although single infections with ALV-A, ALV-B, and ALV-K were not found, coinfections with different subgroup strains were identified: 0.7% for ALV-A/J, 0.35% for ALV-B/J, 0.25% for ALV-J/K, and 0.12% for ALV-A/B/K and ALV-A/B/J. Therefore, our novel multiplex qPCR may be a useful tool for molecular epidemiology, clinical detection of ALV, and ALV eradication programs.
The Utilization of Satellite Data and Machine Learning for Predicting the Inundation Height in the Majalaya Watershed
Authors: Burnama Nabila Siti , Rohmat Faizal Immaddudin Wira , Farid Mohammad , Kuntoro Arno Adi , Kardhana Hadi , Rohmat Fauzan Ikhlas Wira , Wijayasari Winda
Published: August 2023

The Majalaya area is one of the most valuable economic districts in the south of Greater Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, and experiences at least six floods per year. The floods are characterized by a sudden rise in the water level approximately one to two hours after the rain occurs. With the aim of reducing flood risk, this study models a data-driven method for predicting the inundation height across the Majalaya Watershed. The flood inundation maps of selected events were modeled using the HEC-RAS 2D numerical model. Extracted data from the HEC-RAS model, GSMaP satellite rainfall data, elevation, and other spatial data were combined to build an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The trained model targets inundation height, while the spatiotemporal data serve as the explanatory variables. The results from the trained ANN model provided very good R2 (0.9537), NSE (0.9292), and RMSE (0.3701) validation performances. The ANN model was tested with a new dataset to demonstrate the capability of predicting flood inundation height with unseen data. Such a data-driven approach is a promising tool to be developed to reduce flood risks in the Majalaya Watershed and other flood-prone locations.
Multibranch Modelling of Flow and Water Quality in the Dhaka River System, Bangladesh: Impacts of Future Development Plans and Climate Change
Authors: Bussi Gianbattista , Shawal Shammi , Hossain Mohammed Abed , Whitehead Paul G. , Jin Li
Published: August 2023

Long-term development and pollution clean-up plans are a continuing feature of megacities such as Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bangladesh needs to deal with a legacy of past pollution and manage current pollution from a rapidly expanding economy. Surveys in the rivers around Dhaka show extremely high pollution and very low dissolved oxygen levels, with subsequent ecological impacts. Millions of people are not on public treatment of effluents and thousands of factories discharge into the rivers. The Bangladesh Government is planning to install over 12 large Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) over the next 20 years. To assess the efficacy of these, a water quality model has been applied to the Dhaka River System. Results show that the proposed plan has beneficial effects in the short term for the most densely populated areas of Dhaka, along the Turag and Buriganga Rivers, and in the medium term in other parts of the city (Tongi Khal). However, in several reaches dissolved oxygen levels will remain low or very low due to the lack of STP capacity, remaining misconnections of untreated sewage and large effluent loads. The proposed STPs, while certainly beneficial, will need to be upgraded in the future if the predicted rates of population growth are confirmed and industrial pollution is not significantly reduced alongside. Climate change is expected to have an impact on the Dhaka River System water quality, with increased monsoon flows and lower summer flows, but these changes will not greatly affect the extremes of water quality to any great extent due to the overwhelming impact of pollutant discharges into the system.
Lightweight Design and Analysis of Steering Knuckle of Formula Student Car Using Topology Optimization Method
Authors: Hasan Ammarul , Lu Cunhao , Liu Wei
Published: August 2023

The steering knuckle is a crucial component of student racing vehicles, designed by the Formula Society of Automotive Engineers (FSAE). Developing a lightweight (LW) vehicle that meets the requirements of the student formula car presents a challenge. This study presents a LW design of the steering knuckle using the Topology Optimization (TO) approach for the Formula Society of Automotive Engineers (FSAE) competition considering two different mass constraints (40% and 48%). Moreover, the research includes Stress–Life (SN) curves for three materials, structural steel, 4130 steel, and AISI 1020 steel, providing essential insights into the fatigue characteristics of the model. The results compare the three materials and two mass reduction levels, with steel 4130 achieving a significant mass reduction of 42.70%. Additionally, steel 4130 exhibits superior performance in weight reduction, stress, deformation, and safety aspects. The optimized design meets the criteria for strength, stiffness, and safety under various conditions. The fatigue analysis reveals that AISI 1020 and steel 4130 have superior endurance (1 × 105 and 2 × 105 cycles, respectively). This research provides significant contributions to the development of a LW, high-performance steering knuckle for student formula racing vehicles, highlighting the significance of TO and material selection in achieving optimal outcomes.
Regulation of public procurements in the sphere of housing and utilities
Authors:   Department of Entrepreneurship and Logistics Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Russia, Moscow, Dmitrieva A.S. ,   Department of Entrepreneurship and Logistics Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Russia, Moscow
Published: August 2023

The issue of public procurement is important not only for the state, but also for commercial enterprises. Public procurement is regulated by the regulatory framework, as well as separate legal acts necessary for the practical implementation of this activity. The state policy in the field of public procurement shows a positive trend, although it needs to be improved. An important place in public procurement is occupied by housing and communal services, which is accompanied by special additional regulation.
How is the optimization and adjustment of business processes carried out at enterprises and companies in a period of difficult economic changes?
Authors:   JSC ", Suvorkin S. ,   NIIK"
Published: August 2023

The main task of Russian management is to achieve well-coordinated, effective work, taking into account the competence and potential of the management team and performers. For companies, the developed solution on this issue is a way of adapting to a rapidly changing market environment, as well as achieving strategic goals and higher economic indicators. In engineering companies, this process differs significantly from other production areas and can form its own algorithm of actions to achieve a high level of quality.
Recovery technology by combiningthe rods elektroiskro-hand processing and cold gas dynamic spraying of powder
Authors:   ФГБУ FNCC VIM, Zadorozhniy R. N.
Published: August 2023

The results of studies mikrometrazhnyh repair fund crank engine JAMZ-238, JAMZ-236 and Raba-MAN. We describe a new technology diesel engines of recovery of rods with an oblique slot-ism by combining the methods of electrical discharge machines and cold n-zodinamicheskogo spray powders. According to the results of experimental studies identifi ed the physical and mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of fretting in the recovery of rods used coating
Method of determining the likelihood of failure and the average actual resource machinery parts distribution law given its resource
Authors:   FSBI FNAC VIM, Solomashkin A. A.
Published: August 2023

The proposed method for determining the probability of non-vital parts of the machine and its average actual resource, obtained for a given distribution law, implemented in the program resource MathCAD. The theoretical probability of failure dependencies are vital parts of the machine and its average actual resource from allowed value — admission when this tolerance is constant over the entire service life of the parts of the machine. Analytical dependencies are supported by graphs.
World experience in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in agriculture
Authors:   FSBI FNCC VIM, Kurbanov R. K. , Zakharova N. I. ,   FSBI FNCC VIM
Published: August 2023

The study of unmanned aerial vehicles in agriculture is limited by regulations. Each country has its own restrictions in the form of flight altitude, maximum takeoff weight, and the required package of documents. The article discusses the main regulatory restrictions for the use of drones in various countries of the world.
Sociodemographic variations in the uptake of faecal immunochemical tests in primary care: a retrospective study
Authors: Bailey James A , Morton Alastair J , Jones James , Chapman Caroline J , Oliver Simon , Morling Joanne R , Patel Heetan , Banerjea Ayan , Humes David J
Published: August 2023

Background

Faecal immunochemical test (FIT) usage for symptomatic patients is increasing, but variations in use caused by sociodemographic factors are unknown. A clinical pathway for colorectal cancer (CRC) was introduced in primary care for symptomatic patients in November 2017. The pathway was commissioned to provide GPs with direct access to FITs.

Aim

To identify whether sociodemographic factors affect FIT return in symptomatic patients.

Design and setting

A retrospective study was undertaken in Nottingham, UK, following the introduction of FIT as triage tool in primary care. It was mandated for all colorectal referrals (except rectal bleeding or mass) to secondary care. FIT was used, alongside full blood count and ferritin, to stratify CRC risk.

Method

All referrals from November 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Sociodemographic factors affecting FIT return were analysed by multivariate logistic regression.

Results

A total of 35 289 (90.7%) patients returned their index FIT, while 3631 (9.3%) did not. On multivariate analysis, males were less likely to return an FIT (odds ratio [OR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03 to 1.19). Patients aged ≥65 years were more likely to return an FIT (OR 0.78 for non-return, 95% CI = 0.72 to 0.83). Unreturned FIT more than doubled in the most compared with the least deprived quintile (OR 2.20, 95% CI = 1.99 to 2.43). Patients from Asian (OR 1.82, 95% CI = 1.58 to 2.10), Black (OR 1.21, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.49), and mixed or other ethnic groups (OR 1.29, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.59) were more likely to not return an FIT compared with patients from a White ethnic group. A total of 599 (1.5%) CRCs were detected; 561 in those who returned a first FIT request.

Conclusion

FIT return in those suspected of having CRC varied by sex, age, ethnic group, and socioeconomic deprivation. Strategies to mitigate effects on FIT return and CRC detection should be considered as FIT usage expands.
Social entrepreneurship in Russia: formation and development indicators
Authors: Pirogova T. V.
Published: August 2023

The article examines the issues of the emergence and development of social entrepreneurship in Russia, highlights foreign experience, analyzes statistical data on the number of small and medium–sized businesses and its subspecies - social entrepreneurship for the period 2019-2021 according to the electronic service of the Federal Tax Service of Russia, identifies the problems of insufficient development of this type of business.
Geologic Map of the Rush Valley 30' X 60' Quadrangle, Tooele, Utah, and Salt Lake Counties, Utah
Authors: Clark Donald L. , Kirby Stefan M. , Oviatt Charles G.
Published: August 2023

The Rush Valley 30' x 60' quadrangle extends southwest and west from the greater Salt Lake City–Provo metropolitan area with land use varied between public, military, Indian reservation, and private. This 1:62,500-scale geologic map will aid the proper management of land, water, and other resources. The map area lies within the eastern Basin and Range Province. Mountain ranges are composed of unexposed basement rocks overlain by exposed Neoproterozoic through Triassic rocks that are about 10.4 miles (16.8 km) thick, and by numerous Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic units (~47 to 20 Ma). The intervening valleys include bedrock covered with Miocene-Pliocene? rocks (~11 to 4 Ma) and Neogene-Quaternary surficial deposits. The map area is on the southern flank of the Uinta-Tooele structural zone. This area is in the Charleston-Nebo (Provo) salient of the Sevier fold-thrust belt and some thrust faults are exposed, but the overall Sevier belt geometry is obscured by extensive Cenozoic cover and later faulting. Following Sevier deformation, calk-alkaline volcanism occurred from several Paleogene volcanic centers (42 to 25 Ma). Extensional tectonism created the distinctive basin and range topography from about 20 Ma to the present. Early extensional basin fill includes Miocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks followed by Pliocene-Holocene surficial deposits primarily from lacustrine and alluvial depositional environments. Valley areas were covered by late Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, and deposits are associated with three levels of regional shorelines. Normal faults cut the ranges and are known to bound some valley margins where not concealed. Although deep drill hole data are relatively sparse, gravity data were used to help constrain basin geometries.
Expert System for Diagnosing Cataract Using Forward Chaining Method
Authors: Tanjung Rizki Gunawan
Published: August 2023

Current technological developments have undergone many very rapid changes, along with human needs that are increasingly numerous and complex . Computers that were originally only used by academics, are now widely used in various fields, such as business, health, education, games and so on. This encourages experts to further develop computer technology so that it can help human work or even exceed human work capabilities. An expert system is a system that seeks to adopt human knowledge into computers that are designed to represent the ability to solve problems like an expert. With this expert system, ordinary people can solve their problems or just look for quality information that can only be obtained with the help of experts in their fields. This research will be carried out using the forward chaining method , the Forward Chaining method is one of the two methods that are often used in making expert systems. By using the Forward Chaining method . obtained a value of similarity with previous cases of disorders experienced by cataract patients. This Expert System program is implemented in the PHP programming language with a Web-based MySQL database. As the final result, the conclusion is that this system is easy to use (user-friendly) and easy to develop and useful for those who want to know about cataracts
Aras, Çoruh ve Doğu Karadeniz Havzalarındaki Yüksek Rakımlı Göllerde Fitoplankton Tür Kompozisyonu ve Biyokütlesi
Authors: ÇETİN Tolga , DEMİR Nilsun
Published: August 2023

Aras, Çoruh ve Doğu Karadeniz havzaları topografik açıdan ortalama yüksekliği fazla olan nehir havzalarıdır ve Türkiye’nin kuzeydoğusunda yer alır. Yükseltinin fazla olmasından dolayı bu havzalarda birçok yüksek rakımlı göl bulunmaktadır. Ekstrem koşullarından dolayı yüksek rakımlı göller her zaman ilgi duyulan bir konu olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Aras, Çoruh ve Doğu Karadeniz havzalarında yer alan ve 2100 metrenin üzerinde bulunan doğal göllerin fitoplankton biyokütlesinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Aras havzasında bulunan Aygır Gölü (2126 m), Çoruh havzasında bulunan Balık Gölü (2146 m) ve Boğa Gölü (2358 m) ile Doğu Karadeniz havzasında bulunan Camlı Gölü (2757 m) ve Çakır Gölü (2556 m) incelenmiştir. Doğu Karadeniz havzası için 2018 yılında, Aras ve Çoruh havzaları için ise 2019 yılında üç dönemde fitoplankton ve su örnekleri toplanmıştır. Toplamda 48 fitoplankton türü teşhis edilmiştir. Bu göllerin ekolojik durumlarının değerlendirilmesi için fitoplankton biyokütlesi ile nutrientler (toplam azot ve toplam fosfor) arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Nutrientler ile uyum gösteren fitoplankton biyokütlesi sonuçlarına göre; Camlı ve Çakır Göllerinin ekolojik durumunun çok iyi, Aygır, Balık ve Boğa Göllerinin ise ekolojik durumunun iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çok iyi durumda olan Camlı ve Çakır göllerinin yüksek rakımda yer alan göller için referans alan olarak değerlendirilmesi ve göllerin mevcut durumunun korunması için gerekli tedbirlerin alınması önerilir.
A DEMOCRACIA CONSTITUCIONAL CONTEMPORÂNEA: ESTUDOS PRELIMINARES SOBRE A PROCEDURALIZAÇÃO
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA CUNHA MATHEUS
Published: August 2023

This article intends to present the procedural system as a coordination mechanism of State action, which fits within the separation of powers, and it is a response to the paradoxical cases arising from post-modern society. In this way, the limits of constitutional law resulting from post-modern complexity will be presented, along with the problem of paradoxical cases, which are not those called "hard cases", and the paradigm of proceduralization as a measure of contemporary constitutional democracy. In addition, the stages and aspects of social structural construction that have built post-modern society will be presented, and that have raised the social problems of litigious cases, whose Judiciary has full capacity to decide them, to undecidable cases, especially with the process of extinction of metanarratives and the transition from the society of organizations to the society of platforms.
An Austrian View on Risk and Its Quantification: A Reply to Hering, Olbrich, and Rapp
Authors: Turowska Joanna
Published: August 2023

Hering, Olbrich, and Rapp (2021) pointed out limitations to the risk-adjusted method proposed in Kruk (2020) and advised using scenario analysis as an alternative. Based on their reply, some additional improvements of the method can be proposed, such as using the time-dependent discount rate. Business practitioners value the simplicity of the risk-adjusted net present value method. As a result, scenario analysis is not a viable solution to the problem of calculating investment profitability because business practitioners value the simplicity of other calculation methods.
Muscle ultrasonographic changes in critically ill COVID-19 patients
Authors: Torres-Mora Johan Sebastian , Cuellar-Fernández Yeny , Medina-Parra Jorge , Merchán-Chaverra Ricardo Alfonso
Published: August 2023

Background: Patients with severe forms of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) present a systemic inflammatory response and hypermetabolism. The objective of this study was to identify the change in rectus femoris and vastus medialis muscle mass in patients with severe COVID-19 who required invasive mechanical ventilation, and to establish the correlation between the change in muscle size and the amount of calories and proteins administered. 
Materials & methods: This prospective observational longitudinal study was conducted in the adult intensive care unit in a tertiary care clinic. Muscle mass was measured with ultrasound from admission, at seven-day intervals, until discharge from the unit. Anthropometric and biochemical data as well as the amount of calories and proteins administered were taken into account. 
Results: A total of 39 patients were included (59.6 ± 11.3 years; 79.5% men) with a median BMI of 27.7 kg/m2 (IQR 24.2–29.7). The size of the rectus femoris and vastus medialis muscles had diminished significantly at seven days of hospitalization: right middle third 0.38 cm (IQR 0.16-0.47), left middle third 0. 29 cm (IQR 0.08-0.54) and right middle third 0.37 cm (IQR 0.11-0.71) left middle third 0.25 cm (IQR 0.09-0.52), respectively. The changes in both muscles were directly correlated with caloric and protein intake during nutritional support. 
Conclusions: Critically ill patients with COVID-19 were found to lose muscle mass progressively as a result of lower coverage of caloric and protein requirements.
New Middles: Documenting Intermediate Scale Housing in the Texas Triangle
Authors:   Texas A&M University, Tate James Michael
Published: August 2023

In physical form, legal framework, and mindset, Texas has long privileged an atomized unit-based approach to housing. Horizontally dispersed subdivisions are the dominant fabric. Recently, however, more urban settling patterns are gradually transforming downtown districts and surrounding neighborhoods in Texas’ largest cities. Housing types in Texas are becoming more diverse. During the past two and half years, my efforts have become more focused on documenting and designing dwelling typologies that explore an intermediate scale of multi-unit housing. In Texas these exist as New Middles.
Potensi Sitotoksik Akar Kedayan (Aristolochia foveolata Merr.) pada Sel Telur Tripneustes gratilla Terfertilisasi
Authors: Syuhada Syuhada , Rukaya Benazir Evita
Published: August 2023

Uji sitotoksisitas merupakan tes skrining, yang digunakan untuk evaluasi reaksi sel hidup terhadap implan dalam tes kultur sel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan sitotoksik akar kedayan terhadap sel telur Tripneustes gratilla terfertilisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan membandingkan kemampuan penghambatan pembelahan embrio Tripneustes gratilla antara kelompok kontrol negatif, konsentrasi 10, 100, dan 1000 bpj, kemudian dilakukan pengamatan pembelahan sel embrio pada jam ke 1, 2, 4, dan 12 sejak fertilisasi. Setelah pembuahan, analisis statistik komparatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji ANOVA, dilanjutkan dengan Uji Post Hoc Tukey HSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kontrol negatif dan konsentrasi 10 ppm tidak menghambat pembelahan sel telur Tripneustes gratilla yang telah dibuahi (p-value >0,05), sedangkan ekstrak etanol 100 dan 1000 ppm secara signifikan menghambat pembelahan sel telur Tripneustes gratilla (p-value <0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol akar kedayan memiliki kemampuan sitotoksik dengan menghambat perkembangan telur fertil Tripneustes gratilla dengan kisaran dosis sitotoksik optimum pada konsentrasi 10-100 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hanya kelompok konsentrasi 100 ppm dan 1000 ppm memiliki kemampuan sitotoksik dibandingkan kontrol negatif (p-value <0,05), dan konsentrasi optimum aktivitas sitotoksik berada pada 10-100 bpj.
Pola Peresepan Antibiotik pada Pasien Komplikasi Diabetes Melitus di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul
Authors: Nurjanah Eva , Estiningsih Daru , Kusumawardani Nurul , Hadi Ninisita Sri
Published: August 2023

Diabetes mellitus, salah satu dari penyakit tidak menular (PTM), merupakan penyebab utama kematian selain penyakit kardiovaskular, kanker, dan penyakit pernapasan kronis. Hasil RISKESDAS menunjukkan prevalensi diabetes melitus 2013–2018 tertinggi di Indonesia, data di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta mengalami peningkatan 97% dan merupakan tertinggi kedua secara nasional. Kadar gula yang tidak terkontrol menyebabkan sistem imun menurun sehingga meningkatkan resiko terjadi infeksi jika tubuh terpapar oleh suatu kuman penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pola peresepan antibiotik serta mengetahui adanya penyerta baik infeksi maupun non infeksi. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif non-eksperimental dengan rancangan potong lintang, data yang diambil berupa rekam medis pasien secara retrospektif bulan Juli-Desember 2019. Sebanyak 65 rekam medis diambil dengan metode simple random sampling. Dilakukan analisis statistik deskriptif dan hasil disajikan dalam bentuk persentase. Dihasilkan persentase penyakit penyerta kelompok infeksi pada Diabetes Melitus II di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul sebanyak 22,2% dan kelompok non infeksi 77,8%, Terapi antibiotik terbanyak adalah seftriakson yaitu sebesar 23,5% dari keseluruhan antibiotik dan jika dianalisis berdasarkan golongan, sebagian besar antibiotik yang digunakan adalah golongan sefalosporin (49%).