bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective Potential of Heterocyclic Scaffolds vs Herbal Treatments: An Overview
Authors: Bhandari Divya Dhawal , Kaur Prabhjot , Maan Monika , Garg Ruchika , Chopra Hitesh , Amjad Kamal Mohammad
Published: July 2024

Degenerative diseases of nerves are associated with the progressive loss of a specific function of neurons resulting in cell death or some abnormal functions of organs. Neurodegeneration is associated with dysfunctioning of well-being and involves muscular symptoms like tremor, loss of memory, diminished intellect and speech problems, weak or paralyzed muscles, numbness, and partial loss of senses. Heterocyclic compounds have a wide range of structural diversity and have proven to be widely and economically useful as therapeutic agents. Extensive research on the therapeutic potentials of heterocyclic compounds has confirmed their enormous importance in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Various researchers have evaluated the neuroprotective activity of various heterocyclic nuclei. Despite the availability of many heterocyclic drugs against these disorders, a satisfactory treatment is still not available to rely upon. Herbal treatments are gaining the interest of researchers due to their wide availability with the least side effects. The purpose of this review article is to go over the research that has been done on the neuroprotective potentials of heterocyclic scaffolds in comparison with the upcoming herbal treatments to treat degeneration of nerves.
Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy: Recent advances and prospective in Analytical Method Development and Validation
Authors: Nene Rohan , Pandey Swati , Gidwani Bina , Kumar Pandey Ravindra , Shankar Shukla Shiv
Published: July 2024

In recent years, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful analytical technique not only in the Pharmaceutical field but also in agriculture, petroleum and environmental analysis. FTIR Spectroscopy can turn out to be a potent alternative over other analytical techniques for method development and validation as this process is fast and sensitive, robust and accurate and less time consuming as it does not requires any sample preparation and also does not requires any kind of solvents for dilutions. It is eco-friendly as it does not require any toxic organic solvents. This technique does not require organic solvents, which is one of the main advantages over the other analytical techniques. It also bypasses the sample preparation steps for any kind of sample i.e. for solid or liquid samples, which makes this technique faster and rapid when compared to other analytical techniques. Therefore the technique has emerged as a powerful analytical technique for both qualitative and quantitative estimation of drugs.
A Scoping Review on The effectiveness of Bone Regeration Procedures using Bovine Bone Block Grafts: A Summary of 20 Years of Research Experience
Authors: Fessi Reza A. , Danudiningrat Coen P. , Yuliati Anita , M.E. Fadhlallah Prasiddha
Published: July 2024

As a practical and safe substitute for autologous transplants, xenografts and alloplastic bone substitutes are available. Numerous research projects conducted at numerous research centers in various parts of the world have investigated the efficacy of these products.The purpose of the investigation is to determine whether bovine bone blocks are efficient as regenerative bone replacement treatments, specifically whether they are effective in both in vivo and in vitro tests as bone substitutes. A total of 235 publications were found through an electronic search of the Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Evaluation of complications at the implant site is low (n=13) with only one study showing 8.9% implant failure, 30% unhealthy implant (n=4) and a complication rate of 12.5% with the most common complications being dehiscence, bruising and oedema (n=3). The most commonly used parameter in most studies was vertical bone gain (n=26), with a mean VBG of 4.5mm and new bone formation (n=11), with a mean NFB of 14.5%, indicating adequate integration between graft and host bone. The resorption rate (n=6) was found to be 22% on average or approximately 2.7mm over a 4 month to 3 year observation period. Bovine blocks can serve as a useful bone graft substitute in regenerative surgery and are improved by the addition of BMP-2, PDGF and collagen membrane.
El valor de las tecnologías entrañables
Authors: Parselis Martín
Published: July 2024

Convivimos con tecnologías que no conocemos. Nuestras interpretaciones y representación mental y social sobre ellas rara vez coinciden con lo que son. La tesis de la alienación tecnológica ha alcanzado una fuerza considerable dentro del campo de los estudios CTS y la tradición crítica ha sido muy importante en su justificación. Sin embargo, cuando intentamos encontrar un modo de evitar la alienación tecnológica, encontramos que los caminos más comunes se convierten en imperativos tan duros como los imperativos tecnocráticos. En este trabajo intentaremos acercarnos a las “tecnologías entrañables” como una salida a la alienación de un modo más democrático y racional, pero sobre todo una salida acorde a nuestro tiempo.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI MAHASISWA, MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SIKLUS AKUNTANSI MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS BINA SARANA INFORMATIKA SURAKARTA
Authors: Haryanto Wawan
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Persepsi Mahasiswa tentang di kampus dan motivasi belajar aktivitas belajar terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Proportionate Random Sampling yang berjumlah 204 siswa. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode survei. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester 3 sampai semester 7 dengan progam studi S1 Akuntansi dan D3 program keahlian akuntansi sebanyak 200 mahasiswa. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persepsi mahasiswa, motivasi belajar dan aktivitas belajar memiliki pengaruh secara simultan terhadap hasil belajar siklus akuntansi. Secara parsial persepsi mahasiswa memiliki pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar, akan tetapi motivasi belajar dan aktivitas belajar tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siklus akuntansi.
Erratum
Authors: BENDIMERAD Nahida , BOUMEDIENE Karima , KHIRI Zahia , DIDOUH Nassima , CHERIF ANNTAR Asmaa , BENAMAR Ibrahim , ZATLA Ilyes , MOUSSA BOUDJEMAA Boumediene
Published: July 2024

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Potential of an ultra-high pressure-treated gluten-free mix as an improving ingredient in gluten-free breadmaking
Authors: SILVA Gisela Benatti , QUEIROZ Yasmin Carletto de , BARROS Jefferson , CRISTIANINI Marcelo , STEEL Caroline
Published: July 2024

In the search for ingredients to improve the quality of gluten-free breads, a suspension of rice flour, cassava starch, and egg albumin (GF-Mix) was subjected to high pressure processing (HPP), to develop an ingredient capable of providing gluten-free breads of desirable quality. A central composite rotational design was followed, varying pressure (300–600 MPa), exposure time (5–10 min), and processing temperature (30–50°C). The samples were evaluated regarding pasting properties, instrumental color, and optical microscopy. The combination of high pressure and high temperature altered the pasting curves and reduced the parameters such as trough, final viscosity, and setback viscosity of the samples. An increase in the pasting temperatures was observed with the higher pressure and temperature conditions (600 MPa and 50°C) and intermediate processing times (4–8 min). Optical microscopy showed a loss of birefringence with increased pressure and temperature. The technological characteristics of the GF-Mix, processed through HPP at 600 MPa, 50°C, for 7.5 min, indicate a potential ingredient for gluten-free breadmaking, due to changes occurring in the starch leading to an ingredient with characteristics similar to a viscoelastic network.
Requeijão Moreno, a product of the Mucuri Valley in Minas Gerais and its socioeconomic importance
Authors: Val Julia Sousa Ribeiro do , Bomfeti Cleide Aparecida
Published: July 2024

A produção de Queijos Artesanais no Brasil é tradicional e ascendente. No estado de Minas Gerais, o “Queijo Minas Artesanal” é patrimônio imaterial histórico e cultural nacional, com diversas regiões reconhecidas. A presente pesquisa objetivou caracterizar a técnica de produção do Requeijão Moreno no Vale do Mucuri. O perfil dos produtores e o fluxograma de produção foram desenvolvidos por meio da aplicação de questionários semiestruturados aos produtores, em visita às treze propriedades de agricultura familiar (amostragem de 25%), selecionadas pela Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural de Minas Gerais (EMATER MG) entre os municípios da microrregião de Teófilo Otoni. Confirmou-se que o Requeijão Moreno é tradição passada de “pai para filho”, produzido em sua maioria por casais com idade entre 56 e 70 anos, tendo ensino fundamental incompleto e residência desde a infância no mesmo local ou região. O Requeijão Moreno contribui de 80 a 100% para a renda familiar dos produtores visitados, com variações influenciadas pela sazonalidade típica dessa região e por outros fatores ambientais. Os dados obtidos revelaram o potencial da região estudada para programas de desenvolvimento local baseado na territorialidade, visando a valorização do produtor rural, do produto Requeijão Moreno e do terroir, agregando melhorias socioeconômicas. Como resultado, a presente pesquisa poderá contribuir para o reconhecimento da região, possível regulamentação da produção do Requeijão Moreno e perpetuação dessa tradicional iguaria do Vale do Mucuri (MG).
Bacuri and macaxeira waste: physical-chemical characterization and production of coconut bioaroma by solid-state fermentation
Authors: Nascimento Adriana Silva do , Leite Selma Gomes Ferreira , Nascimento Ulisses Magalhães , Muchave Germildo Juvenal , Silva Ana Zelia , Chaves Elian Ribeiro , Penha Margareth Santos Costa , Ribeiro Joyce Benzaquem , Borges Cristiano Piacsek
Published: July 2024

Agro-industrial waste is considered a global concern. Many of these residues are composed of considerable amounts of lipids and starch that can potentially be applied in bioprocesses, as is the case with residues from the bacuri fruit (Platonia insignis Mart.) and sweet cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), practically unexploited in the bioproduction of aromas. This work aimed to characterize these residues and evaluate the bioproduction of coconut aroma 6-pentyl-α-pyrone from solid-state fermentation using the fungi Trichoderma harzianum. The waste underwent characterization. Fermentations were conducted under different humidification conditions (water, nutrient solution without additives, and nutrient solutions with glucose or sucrose) for nine days. Aromatic compounds were extracted by solid-phase microextraction and subsequently quantified by gas chromatography. Analyses with bacuri residue revealed the presence of some compounds with nutritional potential for the fungus. Still, the inhibition halo detected for Trichodermaproved others, such as resinous derivatives that were probably responsible for the lack of growth and bioproduction. In sweet cassava, the compounds detected were not growth inhibitors and had low aroma production, not exceeding 7 ppm (weight/weight). Strategically, these residues were mixed and, in the presence of a nutrient solution with sucrose, a maximum production of 202.46±1.30 ppm (w/w) of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone was achieved, proving an excellent alternative. Cassava probably served as an environment for easy germination of fungal spores and bacuri, as an important source for bioexploitation of nutrients, especially lipids, resulting in increased production of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone.
THE EFFECT OF FRICTION FORCES ON THE SURFACE TREATMENT OF PARTS
Authors: Sergibaeva Zh. , Abdilova G. , Kabulov B. , Yerengaliev A. , Shamenov M.
Published: July 2024

The article says that when friction occurs, complex processes occur in the submicroscopic and in the macro, micro volume of the rubbing surfaces. The formation of physical relief and surface connections depends on the macro, micro and submicroscopic parameters of the conjugated bodies. These indicators determine the actual contact area, the intensity and property of elastic-plastic shear, adsorption, diffusion, heat generation and other conditions at the contact site. When designing friction unit parts in various branches of mechanical engineering, instrumentation, and it is also important to know the effect of friction of materials of different strengths on the actual contact area on the pattern of formation of the external friction force. Based on research by scientists on the role of large-scale impact in the process of external friction, it is proved that wear resistance depends on the scale factor. In the manufacture of friction units of machine parts, the influence of the scale factor on the force was taken into account (coefficient) of external friction and the amount of wear. This is due to the optimized anti-friction and wear-resistant properties of materials and sizes of nodes in motion. Therefore, it was found that it is better to carry out calculations of a constructive nature, which allows you to increase the strength and reduce the weight of the structure.
STUDY OF THE IMMOBILIZATION OF THE PROBIOTIC STRAIN LACTOBACILLUS PARACASEI-010-K ON A NATURAL SORBENT FOR USE IN POULTRY FARMING
Authors: Abdigaliyeva T. B. , Telitskaya G. A.
Published: July 2024

This article presents the results of a study on the immobilization of cells of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus paracasei-010-K on natural adsorbents.Methods of cell immobilization can increase their stability, reduce the lethal effect of microorganisms on cells during their passage through the gastrointestinal tract, improve visceral parameters and clinical outcomes compared with free cells. The local mineral vermiculite was used to immobilize lactic acid bacteria. The sample is characterized by a high content of macro and microelements compared to samples of vermiculites from other deposits in the country and it has high adsorption activity (20-50% by volume). To immobilize the cells of the strains, the mineral adsorbent vermiculite was added in amounts of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 (%) to daily cultures of lactic acid bacteria with titers of 1*107 CFU/ml in the MRS (de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe agar) nutrient medium. The adsorption-immobilization process was carried out at 37°C with stirring for 24 hours. Liquid preparations containing lactobacillus cells and adsorbent were stored at a temperature of 4-6°C for 30, 60 and 90 days to assess the stabilizing effect of the adsorbent and determine its optimal amount. In the course of studies on the immobilization of microorganisms on enterosorbents, it was found that vermiculite does not adversely affect the bioactivity and viability of lactic acid bacteria cells. Moreover, when vermiculite was introduced into the MRS medium at a concentration of 0.5%, the titer of lactic acid bacteria increased to 1*109 CFU/ml. The resulting preparations containing cultures of lactic acid bacteria are further used to introduce them into the composition of feed additives for poultry farming.
RESEARCH OF NEW CHOPPED SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS FROM OFFAL
Authors: Alibekov R. S. , Gabrilyants E. A. , Urazbaeva K. A. , Utebaeva A. A. , Ablash A. A.
Published: July 2024

Meeting the growing global demand for protein leads to supply-side problems. The expansion of the use of animal proteins through the wider use of meat offal could be part of the solution, subject to consumer approval. In this study, the prospects of using offal from beef carcass such as kidneys, heart, tongue, tripe, as well as local vegetable raw materials container powder in the production of chopped semi-finished products (cutlets) were studied. In addition, increasing the assortment of meat products will allow enterprises to be more flexible and adaptive to changing market conditions. New products can attract the attention of consumers and become a key competitive advantage of processing enterprises. The expansion of the product line also helps to increase revenues and improve the financial situation of the company by increasing sales volumes.The aim of the study is the rational use of secondary meat raw materials for the production of new products of therapeutic and preventive nutrition with increased biological value. In this article, sensory and organoleptic parameters, physico-chemical parameters (protein, fats, carbohydrates, moisture, ash,), vitamin composition, as well as textural profile analysis of new chopped semi-finished products from offal with the addition of local vegetable powder containers were studied.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE HACCP PLAN FOR PRIMARY MEAT PROCESSING IN THE SHAMSHYRAK AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors: Abylgazinova A. T. , Orazov A. Zh. , Zhumagalieva A. S. , Koishieva Zh. Zh.
Published: July 2024

During this study, a HACCP plan was developed for all risks associated with the slaughter and primary processing of cattle at the SHAMSHYRAK agricultural co-operative. All types of hazards that may arise at each stage of production are considered, a risk analysis, critical control points (CCPs) and a list of corrective actions using the example of slaughter are provided. Research of the production process, including a thorough study of the production scheme and regulatory and technical documentation, is the basis for risk analysis, which excludes all operations performed outside of production. In the study, the HACCP system was used only at the stages of cattle slaughter, from the supply of live animals to the shipment of the final product (meat). Seven critical risk control points were identified and addressed. In addition, the permissible critical limits for additives and non-meat ingredients have been considered and appropriate corrective actions have been taken.The HACCP system is an effective management tool used to promote an enterprise in the food market and protect production processes from biological (microbiological), chemical, physical risks and other contaminants. For inspection processes, the HACCP plan must be reviewed regularly to ensure that identified hazard points and critical limits are correctly captured. To ensure the production of safe, defect-free food products, maintaining the supply chain through the involvement of certified suppliers, as well as developed procedures for verifying the HACCP plan, has become of great importance.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LONG-TERM STORAGE OF MICROORGANISMS CULTURES IN A LYOPHILE-DRIED CONDITION
Authors: Alzhanova G. S. , Anuarbekova S. S. , Khasenova A. E. , Sadykov A. M.
Published: July 2024

The development of industrial biotechnology is based on the use of resources from objects such as microbial cultures. Collections of microorganism cultures contain strains that are used in research and applied development. Expanding the resources of industrial microorganisms, optimizing methods for their storage and improving bioproducing properties is an urgent task for the collection of microorganisms. In this work, we studied the maximum viability rate and morpho-cultural characteristics of collection cultures stored for more than 10 years using the freeze-drying method. This was done to evaluate the effectiveness of this storage method and the protective environments used. The object of the study were 32 strains of various taxonomic groups of bacteria, fungi, yeasts and actinomycetes. In sum, we obtained the following results: 2 cultures did not grow after reactivation, 30 cultures corresponded to their passport characteristics and had a viability rate within the acceptable limits for industrial crops, more than 106 CFU/ml: 108-1010 CFU/ml. The data obtained confirm the effectiveness of storage by lyophilization and the protective media used on gelatin, sucrose and skim milk. Objects of research can be used in various spheres of human life.
INVESTIGATION OF PREBIOTIC PROPERTIES OF AQUEOUS-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS OF ROOTS OF CRAMBE KOTCHIANA AND BUNIAS ORIENTALIS
Authors: Aralbaev A. N. , Aralbaeva A. N. , Seydakhmetova Z. Zh. , Aralbai N. K.
Published: July 2024

Nutrition is one of the fundamental factors of human health. Today the use of biologically active food additives, enrichment of products with nutraceuticals, consumption of target foods is justified due to the increasing effect of stress along with unbalanced diet and lifestyle. The main resource of nutrients is plant foods and substances derived from them. The use of additional plant components in the manufacture of food products contributes to increasing its biological and nutritional value. Non-traditional plant species have a high potential along with traditional crops. A lot of research is aimed at identifying the positive effects of bioactive substances of plants on the body and the possibility of using them to expand the range of useful food products. We investigated the prebiotic properties of the underground part of plants from the Brassicaceae family. In the course of the study we applied traditional microbiological methods of research. As the results of the experiments showed, the plant extracts promoted the growth of lactobacilli, and the prebiotic activity was not inferior to the common preparations - lactulose. The obtained data will be used for further research for the development of technology for obtaining products with a positive effect on the normoflora of the intestine and implying the inclusion of prebiotic substances in the formulation.
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF COLLAGEN-CONTAINING CONCENTRATE DOSES ON THE QUALITY INDICATORS OF COTTAGE CHEESE PRODUCT
Authors: Zharykbasov E. S. , Kakimov A. K. , Zharykbasova K. S. , Kakimova Zh. Kh. , Raimkhanova G. N.
Published: July 2024

The article presents a theoretical analysis of scientific research aimed at developing technologies for functional dairy products using collagen or collagen-containing products. The relevance of this research is confirmed by the growing interest in functional foods that contribute to health improvement and disease prevention. Collagen, as an innovative ingredient, has the ability to improve the texture, consistency, and biological value of dairy products. Based on experimental studies, the microstructure of the obtained dry collagen-containing concentrate was determined. Calculations revealed that the average pore size of the dry collagen-containing concentrate is 12,5 µm, which affects the moisture-retaining capacity of the cottage cheese product. It was found that with the increase in the dose of the added dry collagen-containing concentrate (from 1% to 13%), the moisture-retaining capacity of the low-fat cottage cheese product increases. A scoring scale was developed to evaluate the consistency of the low-fat cottage cheese product. The highest score was noted in the low-fat cottage cheese product containing 1% to 5% dry collagen-containing concentrate. As a result of the research, the optimal dose of the dry collagen-containing concentrate (5%) was established for the development of the recipe and technology of the cottage cheese product.
TECHNOLOGY FOR PRODUCTION OF SOFT CHEESE ENRICHED IN PLANT RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Mustafayeva A. K.
Published: July 2024

This article discusses methods for enriching soft brine cheeses with vegetable raw materials. Our daily body must be provided with foods rich in vitamins, minerals, fats and carbohydrates, proteins, as well as micro- and macroelements, dietary fiber. Today, gastrointestinal diseases, diabetes, overweight and cardiovascular diseases are widespread among humanity. Dietary fiber plays an important role in the prevention or treatment of such diseases. Dietary fiber normalizes the microflora of the digestive system in the human body, reduces cholesterol levels in the blood, has a prebiotic effect and is a source of energy, and also helps eliminate toxins, heavy metals and radionuclides from the body. The study presents the recipe and technology for the production of salted soft cheese with the addition of wheat bran, which is a waste product from flour production. The physicochemical properties of cow's milk, the main raw material for cheese production, as well as the amount of dietary fiber in cereals and the presence of the required daily requirement of vitamins and minerals in wheat bran were determined. Research results have shown that wheat bran contains, in addition to a large amount of dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals, as well as essential and non-essential amino acids. The nutritional and biological value of soft cheese prepared with the addition of 5% wheat bran according to the proposed recipe turned out to be high.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF DRIED PIKE USING MICROWAVE CURRENTS AND HOT AIR DRYING
Authors: Kalibekkyzy Zh. K. , Smolnikova F. H. , Nurgazezova A. N. , Kakimov M. M. , Muslimova N. R.
Published: July 2024

To carry out the drying process, various technological processing methods are used: sublimation drying, drying with infrared radiation, microwave currents, thermal heating, etc. This article presents studies that are aimed at studying the technological process of drying fish raw materials (pike) with microwave currents (3 modes drying – 700, 800, 900 W) and thermal drying with hot air, research of sanitary indicative microorganisms during storage. Standard methods were used in the study. The experiments were carried out in triplicate and processed using the methods of mathematical statistics. The results of the study showed that drying with microwave currents is effective at 900 W, the drying time is reduced, and microbiological indicators are lower than with conventional thermal drying with hot air. The chemical composition of dried fish differs slightly, but when dried at 900 W, the product has a higher protein content. The shelf life of fish dried using microwave currents is higher than when dried with hot air, which is also a big advantage for this category of food products. The finished products met the standards of technical regulations and had positive physical, chemical and organoleptic indicators.
TECHNOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DESSERTS BASED ON GOAT MILK
Authors: Makeeva R. K. , Tlevlesova D. A. , Ginoyan L. L. , Abraimov N. T. , Sansyzbaev B. S.
Published: July 2024

Nowadays, food manufacturers strive to differentiate their products through creative segmentation and positioning strategies, focusing on functionality and quality. Curd pastes with cereals show significant market potential due to growing consumer interest in healthy and functional products with a delicious taste and texture. The quality of the product directly depends on the quality of the raw materials, which emphasizes the importance of the animal feeding system. The quality of goat milk varies depending on the feed supply and housing conditions, affecting its nutritional characteristics.The study found that curd spreads with the addition of talkan have improved organoleptic and functional properties. Talkan enriches the product with fiber, vitamins and minerals, improves texture and gives a light nutty flavor. The production process includes pasteurization of milk, coagulation using starter and rennet, adding talkan and functional components (probiotics, vitamins, minerals). The resulting product is characterized by high nutritional value, protein and amino acid content, as well as improved microbiological parameters.Goat milk curd spreads with talkan offer a unique combination of flavors and textures, making them attractive to health-conscious consumers. The developed technology ensures high quality and safety of the product, meeting modern requirements. Prospects for further research include optimizing technological parameters and expanding the range of functional products, which will increase their attractiveness in the market. Research has shown that goat's milk, especially pasture-fed, has higher nutritional properties, which is beneficial to the final product. The use of modern processing methods, such as high pressure, helps to preserve the nutritional and sensory characteristics. Thus, curd paste with talkan is a promising product for the functional food market, combining high nutritional value and unique taste properties.
ANALYSIS OF THE CYCLE OF A STEAM COMPRESSION REFRIGERATING MACHINE WHEN WORKING ON VARIOUS REFRIGERATING AGENTS
Authors: Yermolenko M. V. , Sovetkazyeva A. M.
Published: July 2024

Currently, more and more attention is being paid to the problem of effective application of ozone-safe refrigerating agents used in the cycles of vapor-compression refrigeration machines. This has become especially important when a number of ozone-safe refrigeration agents have a large global warming index, which has recently been unacceptable with respect to the environment worldwide. Therefore, conducting studies to evaluate the performance of new refrigerating agents as a result of replacing some refrigerating agents with others is an urgent task. At the same time it is necessary to try to keep the same equipment as it was before the replacement of the working agent. In this connection the justified efficiency of vaporcompression refrigeration machines at replacement of freons are an integral part of modernization of refrigeration systems. This paper presents a study of the efficiency of vapor-compression single-stage cycles of refrigeration machines when operating with different refrigerating agents. Thermodynamic evaluation of different ozone-safe refrigerating agents was carried out in comparison with forbidden ozone-safe refrigerating agent – dichlorodifluoromethane. In the course of the conducted research the cold-productivity and effective power of the refrigeration cycle for the considered refrigerating agents were determined. An estimation of the refrigerating agent value and the degree of cycle perfection for different refrigerating agents has been carried out. Specific volumetric refrigerating capacity of the investigated refrigerating agents for the considered cycle and parameters has been determined.As a result of this research, the most expedient refrigerating agent was recommended for replacement at the investigated parameters and cycle of the refrigeration machine.
INFLUENCE OF HYBRIDIZED AMIDE FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS ON SOIL STRUCTURE FORMATION
Authors: Asanov A. , Mameshova S. A. , Asanov A. A.
Published: July 2024

In recent years, there has been an increase in soil degradation under the influence of anthropogenic pressure. This leads to decreased fertility and deterioration of environmental quality. In this regard, there is an increasing need to develop new methods for creating and restoring soil structure. Therefore, the article presents the results of a study of the influence of hybrid amide functional polymers on soil structure formation. The relevance of the work is determined by the growing need to develop new methods for creating and restoring soil structure degraded under the influence of human activity. The work studied polymers that differ in the set of functional groups, charge, conformation and type of counterions. A comprehensive study of their optical, viscosity and electrical conductivity properties was carried out. Types of functional groups have been identified and quantitative relationships between them have been established. The types of polymers and the influence of synthesis conditions on the concentration of destabilizing and stabilizing factors that determine the structure-forming properties of polymer samples in disperse systems are determined. The areas of application of the obtained polymers are shown and the nature of their functional properties is explained. The results of the work are important for the development of new environmentally friendly methods for structuring, destabilizing and stabilizing dispersed systems in the presence of water-soluble polymers. This will increase soil fertility and improve environmental quality.
REVIEW ON PROCESSING COAL FLY ASH: CURRENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Kamunur K. , Oserov T. , Mussapirova L. , Batkal A.
Published: July 2024

This review aims to analyze the processing techniques employed for coal fly ash (CFA) and their implications. The study addresses the research problem of enhancing CFA utilization while minimizing environmental impacts. The review is based on the principles of sustainable development, circular economy, and resource conservation. It draws upon theories related to waste management, materials science, and environmental engineering. A systematic literature review was conducted, analyzing research articles, technical reports, and industry publications. The review encompasses a comprehensive examination of processing techniques, including separation, beneficiation, utilization, and treatment methods. The research techniques employed involved data synthesis and analysis of the identified studies. The review highlights the effectiveness and limitations of various processing techniques for CFA, such as electrostatic separation, magnetic separation, and froth flotation. It provides insights into the improvements achieved through processing, including enhanced CFA quality, expanded applications, and resource recovery. The findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive characterization of CFA, understanding its composition and properties, and optimizing processing methods to maximize its potential. The research contributes to the academic understanding of CFA processing techniques, providing a foundation for further studies in the field. Managerially, it offers guidance to industries involved in CFA utilization, promoting sustainable waste management practices and resource conservation. The review has significant social implications by reducing the environmental impact associated with CFA disposal and supporting the development of circular economy principles.
SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF SrTiO3/TiO2 HYBRID PEROVSKITE NANOTUBES BY ELECTROCHEMICAL ANODIZATION
Authors: Bissenova M. A. , Umirzakov A. G. , Mit K. I. , Mereke A. L. , Daulbaev Ch. B.
Published: July 2024

Layers of TiO2 nanotubes formed through an anodization process are an area of active research in the context of innovative energy conversion and storage systems. Titanium nanotubes (TNT) have attracted attention due to their unique properties, especially their high surface-to-volume ratio, making them a desirable material for various technological applications. The anodizing method is widely used for the production of TNT due to its simplicity and relative cheapness, the method allows precise control of the thickness of TiO2 nanotubes. Anodizing can also be used to create decorative and colored coatings on titanium nanotubes. In this study, a combined structure comprising anodic TiO2 nanotubes and SrTiO3 particles was created using chemical synthesis methods. TiO2 nanotubes were prepared by anodizing in ethylene glycol containing NH4F and Н2O using a voltage of 30 volts.The anodic nanotube array, heat-treated at 450°C, was then placed in an autoclave filled with a dilute SrTiO3 solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that TNT are characterized by clear and open tube ends. With an average outer diameter of 1 µm and an inner diameter of 69 nm, and their length is 133 nm.
PHYSICAL PATTERNS OF OBTAINING WN/ZrN COMPOSITE COATINGS BY THE METHOD OF VACUUM ARC DEPOSITION
Authors: Kasymbaev A. , Smirnova K. , Pogrebnyak A.
Published: July 2024

Due to the increased demands on tools used in extreme operating conditions, protective coatings are widely used to extend the service life of tools. This work examines the physical principles of obtaining MeN coatings (Me = Zr, Cr, Mo, Nb) of multilayer nanocomposites based on WN, as well as the effect on the microstructure, phase composition, as well as mechanical and tribological properties. Multilayer WN/MoN coatings are a new field of application, and cathodic arc physical vapor deposition (CA-PVD) is used for the first time to produce these coatings. In addition, first-principles calculations are performed to better understand the properties of the deposited multilayers. Two coating microstructures with different lattice types are observed: (i) face-centered cubic and (ii) a combination of hexagonal and fcc. Among the systems studied, WN/NbN exhibits superior properties, including the lowest specific wear rate (1.7 × 10-6 mm3/Nm), highhardness, and a remarkable ductility index. The excellent tribological performance can be attributed to factors such as low surface roughness, high elastic strain before failure, formation of Nb2O5 and WO3 tribofilms during sliding, ductile behavior of NbN, and nanocomposite structure.
USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS TO DETECT MALICIOUS ADVERTISEMENTS ON WEB PAGES
Authors: Rakhimbay N. E. , Tusupova K. B.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the problem of the spread of malicious advertising programs through web pages that pose a serious threat to the privacy and security of Internet users. Using machine learning algorithms to detect and neutralize malicious advertising programs embedded in Web pages. By focusing on data processing, tag extraction, and classification techniques, machine learning analyzes in detail how it can improve malware detection processes. Various machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression, decision trees, random forest, naive Bayesian and ensemble methods, are being studied to determine their effectiveness in distinguishing malicious and legitimate advertising content.A methodology for building training and test models, including data on malicious and secure advertising modules, is described. Various approaches to machine learning, including teacher-led learning, unsupervised learning, and deep learning techniques, are being analyzed to identify hidden patterns of harmful behavior. The results of the study show that the use of machine learning algorithms makes it possible to detect malicious advertising programs with high accuracy, which can become the basis for the development of more effective cybersecurity tools. Potential problems and limitations of existing methods are also discussed, as well as directions for further research on detecting malicious advertising programs using machine learning.
CONVERSION OF C4-FRACTION OF LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS ON ZEOLITECONTAINING CATALYST MODIFIED WITH CHROMIUM AND PHOSPHORUS
Authors: Orynbassar R. O. , Tastanova L. K. , Kanapieva F. M.
Published: July 2024

A zeolite-containing catalyst modified with chromium and phosphorus additives has been developed. The technological conditions of its optimal activity in the dehydrogenation reaction and oligomerization of the C4 fraction of liquefied petroleum gas to produce gasoline components are determined.A study of the physicochemical properties of a 5% Cr/Al2O3+ HZSM catalyst promoted with 5% phosphoric acid was carried out. The structure of the catalyst was studied by electron microscopy in combination with microdiffraction. The reflections of HZSM and Al2O3 were detected using the X-ray diffraction method. It was also shown by the EPR method that the PFK-9 catalyst is characterized by a narrow singlet symmetrical EPR signal with a g-factor of 1.96 and a width ∆Н=60 Gauss against the background of a broad signal with ∆Н=1000 Gauss. The narrow EPR signal is due to Cr5+ ions in the matrix and HZSM zeolite. The intensity of the Cr5+ signal in the PFK-9 catalyst is 205 conventional units. The specific surface area of the catalyst is 176,5 m2/g, the pore volume is 0,137 ml/g.The catalyst at contact with C4-alkanes (400-600°C, P=0,1 MPa) makes dehydrogenation with reception olefins with the subsequent them oligomerisetion. A study of the conversion of the C4 fraction of LPG on the PFK-9 catalyst was also carried out in the presence of water vapor.The yield of C5-C10-hydrocarbons depending on technological conditions fluctuates within 40-50%, at the degree of conversion raw material 80-90%.
FEATURES OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTION OF SAPROPEL IN EUTROPHIC LAKES OF THE NORTH KAZAKHSTAN REGION
Authors: Dmitriyev P. S. , Ostrovnoy K. A. , Fomin I. A. , Zuban I. A.
Published: July 2024

The bottom sediments of the eutrophic lakes of the North Kazakhstan region are distinguished by the presence of sapropel, which can be used in agriculture. To create an effective technology for processing sapropels, it is necessary to know the features of their chemical composition, which ultimately affects the indicators of the sowing qualities of crop seeds. Based on the study of the chemical composition of the bottom sediments of three eutrophic lakes, a raw source for the production of sapropel with optimal organic and mineral composition is identified in this article. A method for processing bottom sediments is proposed. The resulting sapropel product is used for pre-sowing treatment of vegetable seeds. The results of chemical analysis of organomineral bottom sediments of three eutrophic lakes of the Kyzylzhar district of the North Kazakhstan region showed that the bottom sediments of Lake Penkovskoye are characterized by an increased content of organic matter, humus and mineral composition necessary for plant growth and development. The possibility of separating sapropelic product from bottom sediments of eutrophic lakes is shown. Laboratory tests conducted on the variable use of sapropel product, beet seeds of the Bordeaux 237 variety for germination and germination energy showed that the content of 1.6 g /dm3 in sapropel solution is sufficient to increase the germination energy of vegetable seeds by 2 times, and germination by more than 50%.
SCREENING OF XYLANASE PRODUCING STRAINS AND ITS APPLICATION IN FLUE-CURED TOBACCO LEAF FERMENTATION
Authors: Yu Yao , Zhang Aojie , Zhang Lixin
Published: July 2024

In this experimental study, a strain producing xylanase extracted from tobacco leaf was developed. Through the basic strain screening method and xylanase activity determination, strain M416 with the highest enzyme activity was preliminarily identified and M416 was A. niger, the enzyme has biological safety and can be used in the fermentation process of flue-cured tobacco. The fermentation conditions were optimized by shaking the flask culture, in which the best formulation of xylanase production from A. niger and the optimal culture temperature, pH, inoculum amount and culture time were obtained. Under the optimal fermentation and aroma production conditions, the strain are evenly sprayed to the surface of tobacco leaf to determine the changes of the composition and content of aroma substances in the fermentation process, and evaluate the influence of xylanase producing niger on the aroma composition in the process of tobacco leaf fermentation, which shows that the strain can effectively increase the content of aroma substances.
MIXING DEVICE DESIGN IN A BIOGAS PLANT: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Sovetkanov A. , Shayakhmetov Y. , Sovetbayev R. , Morozov O. I.
Published: July 2024

The paper presents a review of stirring device designs used in biogas plants. The efficiency of a biogas plant depends on many factors, one of which is the agitation of the substrate to increase the efficiency of the biogas plant and provides: release of the biogas produced; agitation of fresh biomass and bacteria in the metatank; preventing the formation or destruction of crusts on the surface and minimizing sludge; providing uniform temperature throughout the bioreactor; and providing uniform distribution of the bacterial population. A well-mixed feedstock can yield up to 50% more biogas. Agitators operate in difficult conditions of aggressive and fire-hazardous environment, contributing to high corrosion of its elements. The design of agitators should not promote sparks or elevated temperatures to avoid explosive situations.Advantages and disadvantages of different types of agitators are discussed, as well as the problems encountered in their operation. Special attention is paid to the promising directions of development of agitators for biogas plants.The design of agitator with float device, which allows mixing biomass throughout the entire volume of the bioreactor module, is proposed. The advantage of this design is the absence of an electric motor and electric cables (which of course increases fire safety), and the mechanical agitator is driven directly by a pneumatic motor operating from compressed air, while the compressor is located outside the bioreactor, and only compressed air supply hoses lead to the reactor.
A mixed methods study on digital orientation and digital transformation of multi-purpose cooperatives in Davao Region: Similarities and differences in context
Authors: Perocho Ryan ,   Ateneo de Davao University, Gempes Gloria ,   University of Immaculate Conception
Published: July 2024

In this digitally driven world, digital transformation is essential for the survival and growth of businesses, including cooperatives. This explanatory sequential mixed methods study investigated the influence of digital orientation on the digital transformation of Multi-Purpose Cooperatives (MPCs) in Davao Region, Philippines. Quantitative data, sourced from 316 respondents through stratified random sampling, revealed that MPCs of all sizes exhibit high levels of digital orientation and digital transformation. This showcases a readiness to embrace new technologies and engage in digitalization initiatives among MPCs. Notably, smaller MPCs demonstrate significantly higher digital orientation compared to medium-sized ones, potentially due to their agility and openness to new trends. Having a digital mindset proved to be a significant predictor of successful digital transformation for medium and large MPCs, whereas, this relationship is not significant for smaller cooperatives. Qualitative data reinforced and enriched these findings, emphasizing the challenges faced by smaller MPCs in terms of resources and technology access. As such, connecting-confirmation turned out to be the nature of integration for this mixed methods study.
Self-blended learning and self-regulated learning models in developing the quantitative skills in statistics
Authors: Ona Diwata ,   Dolores Macasaet National High School, Ching Delon ,   Laguna State Polytechnic University
Published: July 2024

Innovative instructional methods for diverse learners have emerged as a response to the persistent global public health crisis such as the self-regulated and self-blended model. This study used descriptive research design. The 30 Grade 11 respondents were selected through purposive sampling technique. Findings showed that the respondents strongly agree on the statements of description provided for the self-blended learning material. However, the respondents practiced self-regulated learning to some extent only. Scores in the pre-test and post-test of the respondents before and after exposure to self-blended learning showed significant differences along the following subscales: knowledge, analysis, concepts and application and calculation and accuracy. On the other hand, scores of the respondents on calculation and representation and communication were not statistically significant.
Study on the Mechanism of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Regulating the Central Nervous System of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Jing Ding , Jie Zheng
Published: July 2024

OA is considered a non lethal chronic progressive disease with a particularly complex pathogenesis. Current treatment methods mainly aim to delay the progression of the disease, alleviate pain, and improve bone and joint functional activity. Arthritis pain is the most common cause of OA, which is not only related to pathological changes of bone and joint, but also involves complex neural mechanisms. Clarifying this point has guiding significance for the treatment of osteoarthritis. This article will describe the central nervous mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion regulating chronic pain in OA.