bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Hospital Based Observational Study on Diagnostic Role of High-Resolution Ultrasound and Doppler Imaging in Evaluation of Non-Thyroidal Neck Masses of Patients Attending the Department of Radiodiagnosis, AMCH, Dibrugarh with FineNeedle Aspiration / Histopathological Correlation
Authors: Das Kallol Prasad , Borah Pronami , Borgohain Mondita , Gogoi Rudra Kanta , N.A. Raamseena
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Neck swellings consists of a wide spectrum of pathological entities. These swelling can occur due to a variety of aetiologies consisting of congenital, acquired inflammatory, neoplastic, or vascular origin. It is essential to have an extensive knowledge of the anatomy and contents of each cervical compartment to achieve a diagnosis. The age of presentation and clinical findings often narrows down the differential diagnosis. Ultrasonography (USG) is helpful in differentiating the nature of the lesions and differentiating solid from cystic neck lesions. Ultrasound is often used as an initial modality for pre-treatment assessment of any neck swelling. METHODS Patients with clinically palpable / non-palpable neck swellings were scanned using 7.5 - 11 MHz transducers, excluding patients with diagnosed thyroid swellings. RESULTS In total 120 cases were studied; the mean age of patients was 34 years with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. The age wise categorisation included paediatric population (34.2 %) and adult population (65.8 %). 96 (80 %) cases presented with painless neck swelling, 76 (63.3 %) cases were non-neoplastic and 44 (36.7 %) cases were neoplastic in nature. Cervical lymphadenopathy being the most common ultrasound finding in both paediatric and adult population. Malignant lesions were most common in adult age group. Heterogeneous echotexture, rounded nodes, intranodal necrosis, loss of echogenic hila, peripheral nodal blood flow and increased pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) were important features of malignant lymph nodes. Sensitivity and specificity of USG and Doppler in differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions were 97.7 % and 98.3 % respectively and for differentiating benign from metastatic nodes were 97.7 % and 98.3 % respectively. CONCLUSIONS Considering the study results and observations, USG is the best initial investigation for the evaluation of inflammatory, cystic and neoplastic swellings in various age groups. It is non-invasive, cost effective readily available and repeatable technique. It is relatively easier to use and does not involve radiation hazards. Colour Doppler can evaluate the vascularity of the lesions and provide details of any vascular invasion of metastatic lesions. Ultrasound can differentiate aetiology of lymph node enlargement to a significant extent. KEYWORDS High Resolution Ultrasound, Paediatric Neck Mass, Metastatic Lymph Node, Histopathology, FNAC, Tubercular Lymph Nodes, Colour Doppler, Non-Thyroidal
SUPPORT OF RUSSIAN COMPATRIOT ORGANIZATIONS IN THE BALTIC STATES
Authors:   Director of the Institute of Contemporary International Studies of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation LL.D., Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Karpovich Oleg G. , Boykov Semen S. ,   Postgraduate Student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the main problems and contradictions of interaction between the Russian Federation and organizations of Russian compatriots in the Baltic States. Practical aspects of interaction with organizations of compatriots (issues of granting grants, financing activities) are analyzed. The article examines the international legal framework for the activities of organizations of compatriots against the background of opposition to their activities by state bodies in the countries of their location. Russia cannot completely curtail the program of support for compatriots abroad, as this would contradict its state priorities as a regional leader in the post-Soviet space. It is in its interest to continue to provide assistance to the coordinating councils, but only with the specific interests of our country in mind. A critical analysis is presented, as well as practical recommendations for overcoming the existing problems.
ON THE PARTICIPATION OF A FOREIGN LEGAL ENTITY IN A SELF-REGULATED ORGANIZATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Entrepreneurial Law of the Moscow University for the Humanities PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Morozova Irina G.
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the right of a foreign legal entity to engage in certain activities in respect of which a legal entity is obliged to be a member of a self-regulatory organization. The author analyzes the norms of the current legislation and proposes to regulate in detail the issues of participation of a foreign legal entity in a self-regulatory organization in the territory of the Russian Federation.
ON THE RECOGNITION OF PRIVATE DIVORCES IN PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the University of Management TISBI LL.D., Associate Professor, Tagaeva Sanavbar N.
Published: March 2021

The article considers the legal nature of private divorce, the trends of legal regulation of its recognition as a legal fact. Different approaches to understanding the essence of private divorce are considered, its signs are revealed. The grounds for refusal of recognition of private divorces in different countries are analyzed. It is pointed out that if the private divorce is registered in the state bodies of third countries, in which such procedure of dissolution of marriage is regulated by law, there are no grounds for its non-recognition.
THE PROCEDURE FOR REMOTE EVIDENCE SECURING BY NOTARIES
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Notarial System of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL) LL.D., Associate Professor, Begichev Aleksandr V.
Published: March 2021

On the basis of a systematic analysis of the legislation governing the electronic procedure for performing notarial acts, introduced from December 29, 2020, the author considers the procedure for the remote procedure for securing evidence by notaries. The article indicates that the remote procedure for securing evidence is an alternative and does not exclude the applicant’s traditional appeal to a notary. The urgency of the development of electronic notaries in the era of universal digitalization of economic activity is argued. The problematic issues in the implementation of these innovations are disclosed and some solutions are proposed in their practical implementation.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF INHERITANCE OF PROPERTY ENCUMBERED BY A LIFE ESTATE AGREEMENT (PART TWO)
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Russian Academy of Advocacy and Notaries PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Myskin Anton V.
Published: March 2021

As is known, any owner of a thing can quite freely and independently bequest such a thing in favor of any person chosen by him. However, if the person is the owner within the framework of the rent contract (rent payer), his or her authority as owner is significantly limited by the rules of civil law. Article 604 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation establishes that the payer of rents has the right to dispose of or otherwise encumber property only with the prior consent of the recipient of the rent. The content of this rule in practice raises one very important question. Does the rent payer have the right freely to bequest property encumbered by the rent agreement, or does it have to obtain the consent of the rent recipient for such an order? Finding an answer to this question is the subject of this article.
SOME ASPECTS OF INHERITANCE OF THE SAFE DEPOSIT BOX CONTENT IN THE NOTARIAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Jurisprudence of the Institute of Management, Economics and Jurisprudence of the Vologda State University PhD (Law), Uglitskikh Dmitriy V.
Published: March 2021

The article examines the legislation in terms of regulating hereditary legal relations when registering inheritance rights to the contents of a bank cell. The legal aspects of this issue are considered.
THE CONFLICT RESOLUTION COMPETENCE IN THE NOTARIAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Senior Research Scientist of the Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Kulakova Svetlana V.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of conflict prevention in notarial practice. Notarial activity, referring to the “person-to-person” system, requires notaries to develop conflictological competence as a necessary component of notarial activity in the framework of preventive justice.
The Practice of Exercising of Rights of Spouses in Corporate Relationships
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Belgorod University of Cooperation, Economics and Law, Poberezhny Sergey G.
Published: March 2021

In modern business activities spouses often become participants in corporate legal relations. The potential holder of corporate rights to implement the rights belonging to him, within his legal marital status is sufficiently important for both the rights holder and other members of the economic society, as it is the opportunity to use its corporate rights in their interest and is meaningful to its legal status as a subject of corporate relations and marriage. The article defines the legal limits of the implementation of the rights of spouses in corporate legal relations, and makes suggestions for improving the legislation.
The Legal Nature of the Child’s Right to Access Information and the Restriction Thereof to Protect a Child Against Information Detrimental to the Mental Health and Development of Minors
Authors:   Professor of the Department of International Law of the Saratov State Law Academy PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Sitkova Olga Yu.
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the norms of international acts in the field of human rights protection concerning the right to access information. The author of the article hypothesizes that the legal mechanism, which includes measures of coordinated interaction between the family and the state, best contributes to the implementation of measures to protect children from harmful information, combined with the preservation of the child’s right to access information. Within the framework of this direction, the article reveals the legal nature of the child’s right to access information. The article analyzes the provisions of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and a number of other international acts in this area. The practice of the ECHR in cases related to the right to freedom of expression has been generalized, which made it possible to determine the legal essence of this right in the context of the provisions of the main international acts on the protection of human rights
Some Issues of Application of Single Parent’s Property Interest Protection Means in View of the Occurrence of an Emergency Situation
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Entrepreneurial Law of the All-Russian State University of Justice (ARSUJ (RLA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia)) PhD (Law), Stepanyan Ani S.
Published: March 2021

In the article, the author analyzes some issues of effective application of social protection means by single mothers upon occurrence of an insolvency (bankruptcy) risk in the modern market economy conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which triggered the growth of unemployment and exposed the absence of any additional guarantees of protection of rights and legal interests of some family members. Although the government has adopted some social means of protection of the population, at least temporary protection of people (especially single mothers) against creditors’ claims has not been included. The author reviews the opportunity to implement the function of additional protection of rights and legal interests of single mothers upon occurrence of insolvency (bankruptcy) and emergency situation risks at least at the judicial practice level.
Enhancement of mechanical property of modified polyurethane with bis-butyl succinate
Authors: VO Thi Sinh , VO Tran Thi Bich Chau , TİEN Tran Trung , SİNH Nguyen Truong
Published: March 2021

In this study, we explore an a new crosslinker (bis-butyl succinate, BBS) with terminal alkyne group to react with glycidyl azide polymer-based polyurethane (original PU) via “azide-alkyne” click reaction, which has supported enhancing mechanical properties and cross-link densities of modified PUs with BBS. Besides, this crosslinker has been designed and synthesized successfully via an esterification reaction to can incorporate with the original PU through the formation of 1,2,3-triazole groups. Moreover, the mechanical properties of resultant modified PUs are investigated to indicate a relationship of mole ratio of [C≡C]/[N3] and cross-link density. Specifically, the stress and Young’s modulus of the modified PUs increase, whereas their strain decrease on increasing the synthesized BBS content regarding to the increased rigid 1,2,3-triazole networks, as well as the cross-link densities of the modified PUs increase with the BBS content through the Mooney-Rivlin equation. As such, there is an enhancement in the mechanical behaviors of the original PU cross-linked with BBS.
Correlation of electrodiagnostic findings and the disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire in ulnar neuropathy at the elbow
Authors: ÖZTÜRK İlker , FİDANCI Halit
Published: March 2021

Aim: We aimed to find out whether there is a relationship between the electrodiagnostic findings and disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire in the ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE). Material and Methods: Patients whose clinical and electrodiagnostic findings were compatible with UNE were included in this retrospective cohort study. UNE patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe UNE according to the neurophysiological classification. DASH-disability / symptom (DASH-DS) scores of all patients were calculated. In addition, DASH work module (DASH-W) and DASH sports / performing arts module (DASH-SP) questionnaire were applied to some patients. Results: Thirty-nine UNE patients were included in the study. There were 26 mild UNE patients, 8 moderate UNE patients, and 5 severe UNE patients. There was a positive correlation between neurophysiological classification of UNE and DASH-DS / DASH-W scores (p = 0.002 r = 0.491, p = 0.012 r = 0.453). An inverse correlation was found between DASH-W scores and ulnar nerve compound muscle action potential / sensory nerve action potential amplitudes (p = 0.036 r = -0.413, p = 0.006 r = 0.-492). When the moderate and severe UNE group was evaluated as a single group, DASH-DS and DASH-W scores of mild UNE patients were low in those of moderate-severe UNE patients (p = 0.001, p = 0.012). Conclusion: This study showed a positive correlation between the DASH scores and the neurophysiological classification in the UNE. In addition to the DASH-DS questionnaire, the use of the DASH-W questionnaire can be useful in UNE.
Evaluating the sexual function differences among the infertile women
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Tuğba , TANRIDAN OKÇU Nefise , GÖKMEN Oya
Published: March 2021

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of sexual dysfunction among infertile women and evaluate the difference between the primary and secondary infertility groups in terms of menstrual pain, dyspareunia, smoking and night shift variables based on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) score.

Material and Methods: Seventy women in the primary group and 29 women in the secondary group participated in this study. All participants were asked FSFI. The questionnaire containing the marriage duration, total FSF1 score, menstrual pain, dyspareunia, smoking and night shift variables and also the demographic characteristics of patients such as age, infertility time and BMI was given to the subjects. SPSS 23.0 program was used for data statistical analysis. Pearson's Chi-squared test was used to compare categorical variables. Independent student t-test analysis was performed on binary variables to compare continuous variables between the groups.

Results: 19.2% of both groups had marriage duration of 1-3 years, 54.5% of them had marriage duration of 4-6 years and 26.3% of them had marriage duration of 7 years above. The mean age of the patients in the study was 34,58±4,25 years. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction among the women was 32.9 (n = 23 of 70) and 55.2% (n = 16 of 29) in primary infertile and secondary infertile women, respectively, but it did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion: There was no significant difference between both groups in terms of menstrual pain, dyspareunia, smoking and night shift variables but the difference was statistically significant in terms of marriage duration. The mean FSFI domains were not also significantly different between the two groups. There was also no significant relationship between age, infertility time and Body mass index (BMI) of both groups and sexual dysfunction.
External validation of the new prognostic western score in predicting survival after curative resection of gastric cancer
Authors: BİRBEN Birkan , GUNDOGDU Salih , TİKİC Deniz , AKKURT Gökhan , AKIN Merve , AKIN Tezcan , ER Sadettin , BERKEM Hüseyin , TEZ Mesut
Published: March 2021

Aim: Gastric cancers may progress differently depending on the factors affecting the prognosis. In our study, we evaluated the external validation of the new prognostic western score used to predict the surveillance of gastric cancer patients undergoing curative resection.

Material and methods: The study included 139 patients over 18 years of age who underwent curative resection for gastric adenocarcinoma in our hospital between 2004 and 2015. The demographic characteristics of the patients and their albumin level, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and pathological tumor-nodes-metastasis stage were evaluated.

Results: Fifty-nine (42.4%) of the patients were female and 80 (57.6%) were male. The mean albumin value was 39±7 mg/L, and the median value of the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was 2.5 (1.76-4). According to the pathological tumor-nodes-metastasis staging, 13 cases (9.4%) were stage 1, 21 (15.1%) stage 2, 99 (71.2%) stage 3, and 6 (4.3%) stage 4. The five-year median survival of the patients was 32.5 months. Age was significantly higher in the mortality group (P=.021). In the log-rank analysis, a low albumin level, a high neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, and a high tumor-nodes-metastasis stage were statistically significant in the mortality group (P=.001, .000 and .030 respectively). In the Cox regression analysis, the only significant variable was determined as pathological stage (P=.005).

Conclusion: The new prognostic western score was not significant in predicting the prognosis of gastric cancers.
Abdominal duvar endometriozisi; Retrospektif, gözlemsel bir çalışma
Authors: KATAR Mehmet Kağan , TİKİC Deniz
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, abdominal duvar endometriozisi (ADE) olan hastalarda demografik ve klinik özellikleri, tanı araçlarını, cerrahi seçenekleri ve nüks oranlarını değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2015 ile Ocak 2020 tarihleri arasından kliniğimizde ADE nedeniyle opere edilen 44 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalara ait demografik veriler, operasyon geçmişi, klinik özellikler, tanı için kullanılan görüntüleme yöntemi, uygulanan operasyon tipi ve rekürrens durumu değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların, yaşlarının median değeri 35 (26-48) olarak belirlendi. Hastalardan 1 (%2,3)’inin abdominal operasyon öyküsü bulunmazken; 39 (%88,6) hastanın cesarean section (C/S), 2 (%4,5) hastanın myomektomi ve 2 (%4,5) hastanın da histerektomi öyküsü bulunmaktadır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastalardan 2 (%4,5)’sinin herhangi bir şikayeti bulunmazken, 31 (%70,5) hastada karın ön duvarında kitle ve 39 (%88,6) hastada ise ağrı şikayeti bulunmaktaydı. ADE’nin 23 (%52,3) hastada pfannenstiel insizyonun sol lateralinde ve 17 (%38,6) hastada ise pfannenstiel insizyonun sağ lateralinde olmak üzere, büyük çoğunluğunun pfannenstiel insizyon hattında olduğu tespit edildi. Hastaların 34’ünde preoperatif tanı aracı olarak abdominal ultrasonografi (US) ve 10 hastada da abdominapelvik bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) kullanılmıştır. Abdominal US’nin doğruluk oranının %85,2, abdominopelvik BT’nin doğruluk oranının ise %50 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Serimizdeki takip oranı %95,4 iken, takip süresi median değerinin 36,5 ay (13-57) olduğu gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca takipteki hastalardan birinde rekürrens geliştiği görülmüştür.

Sonuç: ADE, jinekolojik girişim öyküsü olan ve abdominal insizyon bölgesinde siklik ağrı ve şişlik ile gelen reprodüktif çağdaki tüm kadınlarda akla gelmelidir. Preoperatif tanı için, hastanın öyküsü ayrıntılı olarak sorgulanmalı; dikkatli bir fizik muayene yapılmalı ve tanı için abdominal US kullanılmalıdır. Tedavide cerrahi eksizyon tercih edilmelidir.
Can carotid canal diameter be an indicator of anterior cerebral vascular variations and abnormalities?
Authors: KUŞÇUOĞLU Gizem , DAMGACI Lale
Published: March 2021

Aim: To measure the bony carotid canal diameters in people without any cerebral vascular variations or aneurysms that would affect the bony carotid canal and to determine whether the variations of bony carotid canal width could be an indicator of cerebral vascular aneurysyms and variations.

Material and Methods: Seven-hundred neck-brain CT angiographies were assessed retrospectively. Of the patients, 283 (40.4%) were women and 417 (59.6%) were men. Bilateral bony carotid canal diameter was measured. Cerebral vascular variations and aneurysms were recorded.

Results: Normal canal diameter on the right, in all patients was 5.631±0.502mm, in males 5.797±0.475mm and 5.388±0.441mm in females; on the left side, 5.666±0.512mm overall, 5.825±0.492mm in males and 5.432±04.49mm in females (p=0.039,
Posavska književna dediščina in njeno vključevanje v turizem: Antologija posavskih literatov. Literarno ustvarjanje v Posavju od reformacije do današnjih dni
Authors: Potočnik Topler Jasna
Published: March 2021

Monografija prinaša del izsledkov projekta ŠIPK – Slomškov literarni festival, ki ga je leta 2020 Fakulteta za turizem Univerze v Mariboru izvedla skupaj z Društvom 1824 iz Brežic. Namen raziskave je bil analizirati in ovrednotiti literarno dediščino Posavja in Brežic od protestantizma do danes ter jo vključiti v turistično ponudbo z novim turističnim proizvodom, imenovanim Slomškov literarni festival. Skozi raziskovanje se je potrdilo, da je oblikovanje dodatnega turističnega proizvoda s področja kulturnega turizma v Brežicah potrebno, saj sodi kraj med turistično najbolj obiskane slovenske občine. Ugotovitve so pokazale, da imajo posavski ustvarjalci zajeten in pester opus, ki ga je mogoče vključiti v festivalsko dogajanje v kraju, hkrati pa tudi v razstave in koncertne dogodke po drugih posavskih mestih. Tovrstno vključevanje literarne dediščine v turistično ponudbo sodi med aktualne trende na področju kulturnega turizma. K zelo pomembnemu rezultatu našega projekta, ki ga velja dodatno izpostaviti, prištevamo nastanek svojevrstne antologije posavske književnosti, ki je del te monografije, saj je skozi raziskovanje, prebiranje in analize nastal obsežen seznam ustvarjalk in ustvarjalcev, podatkov o njih samih in o njihovih delih.
РТУТЬ В КОМПОНЕНТАХ ПРИРОДНОЙ СРЕДЫ РЕСПУБЛИКИ АЛТАЙ
Authors: Робертус Юрий Владимирович , Рихванов Леонид Петрович , Пузанов Александр Васильевич , Кац Валентина Елизаровна
Published: March 2021

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью обобщения обширной разноплановой информации по экогеохимии ртути в природных средах и техногенных объектах Республики Алтай. Цель: сбор и систематизация данных по уровням содержания ртути в компонентах природной среды на фоновых и загрязненных территориях региона. Методы: изучение и анализ опубликованных и фондовых материалов эколого-геохимических работ на ртуть, проведенных в 1980–2010-х гг. научными и производственными организациями на территории Республики Алтай. Результаты. Приведены сведения об основных природных и антропогенных источниках эмиссии ртути в регионе и уровнях ртутного загрязнения природной среды в зонах их воздействия. Впервые оценены уровни содержания ртути для большого комплекса компонентов природной среды. Показано преобладание в них фоновых концентраций ртути и их тесные связи с горными породами складчатого фундамента. Намечена высотно-поясная зональность в распределении ртути в почвах природных ландшафтов. Предварительно оценен фон ртути в горных породах и других компонентах природной среды региона. Установлен его слабо повышенный относительно кларков уровень. Выводы. Геологические образования региона не носят ртутной специализации. Повышенный уровень локального наложенного загрязнения ртутью природных сред обусловлен в основном ее прошлой добычей и применением. Концентрации ртути в загрязненных природных средах тесно связаны между собой. Основными источниками антропогенной эмиссии ртути являются лежалые отходы горнодобывающих предприятий. Современная хозяйственная деятельность в регионе не создает опасного загрязнения природной среды.
ВЛИЯНИЕ КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ НА МАКСИМАЛЬНЫЕ УРОВНИ ПЕРИОДА ПОЛОВОДЬЯ РЕКИ АБАКАН
Authors: Галахов Владимир Прокопьевич , Ловцкая Ольга Вольфовна , Мардасова Елена Владимировна
Published: March 2021

Актуальность работы обусловлена воздействием изменений климата на гидрологические режимы рек южной Сибири, увеличением повторяемости опасных гидрологических явлений. Наблюдаемые и прогнозируемые изменения в режимах половодий вызываются множеством факторов и требуют различных подходов для характеристики типов этих изменений. Цель: стохастическое моделирование сумм твердых осадков в исследуемом бассейне р. Абакан, установление их связи с максимальными уровнями воды в р. Абакан периода половодья в условиях пространственно-временной изменчивости гидрометеорологических факторов. Методы: комплексный географо-гидрометеорологический анализ, выявление зависимостей по данным многолетних гидрометеорологических наблюдений с использованием методов математической статистики, а также методики оценки количества осадков в бассейне с учетом орографический добавки к скорости вертикальных движений во фронтальной зоне, разработанной В.П. Галаховым. Результаты. Основным фактором формирования максимальных уровней периода половодья является количество зимних осадков. Обильные жидкие осадки на спаде половодья могут вносить значительные коррективы в максимальные уровни. Однако для бассейнов горных рек юга Западной и Восточной Сибири в последние десятилетия в связи с климатическими изменениями отмечается влияние условий промерзания почвогрунтов в осенний период на формирование максимальных уровней вследствие снеготаяния. Для бассейнов со значительной долей предгорных равнин в отдельные годы возможно уменьшение максимальных уровней периода половодья. Для бассейнов, имеющих в основном горный ландшафт, подобного эффекта не наблюдается. Разработана методика расчета сумм зимних ежегодных осадков в бассейне Абакана, учитывающая физические особенности формирования осадков в горах, в частности орографическую добавку к скорости вертикальных движений. На примере независимых данных показано, что алгоритмы расчета максимальных уровней за счет снеготаяния, основанные на регрессионных зависимостях, не всегда дают адекватные результаты. Необходима их корректировка с учетом процессов промерзания на предгорной равнине. Для получения общей статистической зависимости требуются дополнительные данные наблюдений.
POWER, OPPOSITION AND SOCIAL MEDIA IN RUSSIA
Authors: TEMİR Erkam
Published: March 2021

In this article, the relations and contradictions between the opposition, social media, and power in Russia are examined. These relations and contradictions were considered important in terms of pointing out the function of social media in authoritarian regimes. The article presents the subject from an objective point of view. First of all, the definition of opposition in Russia and the concept of ‘real opposition’ is discussed. Indeed, in order to understand what real opposition especially in Russia is, it is necessary to understand what it is not. Then, by using the descriptive analysis method, it is revealed what social media means for both opposition and Kremlin. Power categorically sees social media as an instrument of an ideological war against itself. According to the Kremlin, social media is an “American mischief.” On the other hand, social media is accepted as the only option for the opposition, who are almost completely devoid of traditional media opportunities. Therefore, social media discussions continue on the axis of westernism-Americanism in terms of power. In terms of opposition, social media discussions are handled within the framework of freedom of expression, and social media is seen as the ‘last castle’.
TEKNOLOJİNİN PAZARLAMADAKİ YERİ VE YENİ EĞİLİMLER: PEGASUS HAVA YOLLARI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Pelin , ÇİÇEK Meltem , UNCULAR Muhittin Hasan
Published: March 2021

Küreselleşmeyle birlikte ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel alanda sınırlar ortadan kalkmıştır ve teknoloji sayesinde toplumlar birbirine bağlanmıştır. Teknolojinin getirdiği hızlı değişim, marka iletişimini etkilemiştir. Yeni teknolojileri yaşamın merkezine alan işletmeler, tüketici beklentilerini karşılamak için yeni bir anlayışla hareket etmektedir. Yapay zekânın olanakları sayesinde, işletmenin amaçlarını gerçekleştirmek üzere CRM çalışmaları bağlamında pazarlama departmanları ile bilgi teknolojileri departmanları çalışmalarını birlikte yürütmektedir. Özellikle Havacılık sektöründe faaliyet gösteren birçok işletme, bu noktada fark yaratmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, teknolojide yaşanan dönüşüm, havacılık sektörü üzerinden betimlenmiş ve bu dönüşümün pazarlama ve marka iletişimindeki yeri vurgulanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, Türkiye’de yeni teknolojileri pazarlama amaçlarını gerçekleştirmekte kullanan havayolu taşıyıcıları işletmeler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada Amaçlı Örneklem yoluyla Pegasus Hava Yolları tercih edilmiştir. Kendini “Türkiye’nin dijital hava yolu” olarak konumlandıran Pegasus Hava Yolları; yeni teknolojileri, pazarlama çalışmalarına yansıtması edeniyle örnek olarak ele alınmış ve bu bağlamda incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Pegasus Hava Yolları’nın Bilgi Teknolojileri Direktörü ve CRM Çözümleri Müdürü ile derinlemesine mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mülakat sonuçlarına göre elde edilen veriler, betimleme yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
DİJİTAL HABERCİLİĞE FARKLI BİR BAKIŞ: PODCAST YAYINLARI
Authors: BUDAK Emrah
Published: March 2021

Yeni iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişmesi ile beraber habercilik alanında birtakım dönüşümler yaşanmıştır. Habercilik geleneksel boyuttan dijital mecralara taşınmış ve haber içerikleri dijital ortamlarda paylaşılmaya başlanmıştır. Haberciliğin dijital anlamda yapıldığı mecralardan biri de podcasting yayınları olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ses kaydı imkânı veren podcasting yayıncılığı ile haber içerikleri, ses kaydı ile hazırlanarak dinleyicilere sunulmaktadır. Podcasting yayınları bilgisayar veya mobil telefonlara yüklenerek istenildiği zaman dinlenebilir bir yayıncılık olanağı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, dünyada ve Türkiye'de podcast aracılığı ile yapılan dijital haberciliğin yansımalarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, podcast üzerinden yapılan haberciliğin kökenleri, ekonomisi, dünyadaki örnekleri ile Türkiye’de podcast üzerinden haberciliğin gelişimi literatür taraması ile irdelenmektedir. Çalışma neticesinde Amerika başta olmak üzere Avrupa ve Doğu Asya’da podcast haberciliğinin nicelik ve nitelik anlamında oldukça geliştiği gözlenmekte ve ekonomik boyutunun giderek büyüdüğü saptanmaktadır. Literatür incelemesi sonucunda, Türkiye’de podcast haberciliğinin, ABD ve Avrupa ile kıyaslandığında nicelik açısından zayıf kaldığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca, Türkiye’deki podcast yayınlarının, reklam geliri ve pazar payı açısından oldukça yetersiz olduğu düşünülmektedir.
A POLÍTICA DO FIM DO MUNDO: UMA LEITURA DISCURSIVA DE DOIS JOGOS DA SÉRIE “FAR CRY”
Authors: COSTA ISAAC
Published: March 2021

Inserido na vertente materialista da Análise de Discurso, este texto propõe uma leitura crítica de Far Cry 5 em contraponto com sua continuação direta, Far Cry New Dawn. No percurso analítico, objetiva-se explicitar a maneira como esses dois jogos retratam um momento específico da conjuntura social atual, qual seja, a crise do capitalismo liberal e alguns de seus correlatos: as reações políticas totalitárias; a alienação religiosa de um fundamentalismo radical; as consequências de uma guerra nuclear e de orientação biogenética; os problemas vindouros de escassez de matéria-prima, comida e água; além do crescimento das divisões e das exclusões sociais.
DISCURSO DA LUTA CONTRA A VIOLÊNCIA: O PORTE DE ARMAS E OS SEUS EFEITOS DE SENTIDO
Authors: FERNANDES ELIZANGELA ARAÚJO DOS SANTOS , SOARES THIAGO BARBOSA
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo empreender uma análise a respeito dos dizeres do presidente Jair Bolsonaro sobre o porte e a posse de armas no Brasil e os seus posicionamentos acerca da violência no país. Desse modo, tomaremos como base o aparato teórico-metodológico da Análise do Discurso francesa, especificamente as noções de formações discursivas, ideológicas, as memórias discursivas, as fronteiras da linguagem tratadas como silêncio, bem como as posições-sujeito que o chefe de governo assume ao proferir dizeres sobre o decreto 9785/2019. Nesse sentido, faremos uma investigação em diferentes veículos midiáticos brasileiros, tais como o site Agência Brasil (2019), Portal de Notícias G1(2019), e o Estadão (2019).
Prevalence of Fear of Death among Young Breast Cancer Patients during Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy: Results from a Portuguese Cohort
Authors: Luz Paulo , Nobre Carvalho Amanda , Oliveira Alicia , Menezes Maria , Dinis Rui , Gosalbez Beatriz
Published: March 2021

N/a.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Metformin dan Ekstrak Air Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) terhadap Perbaikan Status Obesitas Tikus Sprague dawley Jantan
Authors: Kosnayani Ai Sri , Dharmana Edi , Hadisaputro Suharyo , Riwanto Ignatius
Published: March 2021

Latar Belakang: Perubahan gaya hidup dan pola makan menyebabkan tingginya angka kejadian obesitas di seluruh dunia yaitu 13% padat tahun 2016. Perbaikan status obesitas dapat dilakukan melalui jalur farmakologik ataupun non farmakologik. Metformin dan meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) mempunyai fungsi untuk menurunkan penyerapan asupan makanan.Tujuan: menganalisis pengaruh kombinasi metformin dan ekstrak air meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) terhadap perbaikan status obesitas tikus Sprague Dawley jantan.Metode: multigroup time series design.  Dua puluh empat ekor tikus dibuat obesitas dengan cara diberi pakan tambahan lemak sapi cair dan fruktosa terhadap pakan dasar AIN93G selama 5 minggu. Obesitas ditentukan dengan indeks Lee > 300. Sampel dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok, kelompok 1 diberi metformin 45 mg/kg BB/hari, kelompok 2 diberi ekstrak air meniran 400 mg/kg BB/hari, kelompok 3 diberi kombinasi keduanya, dan kelompok 4 kontrol.Hasil: Selama penelitian ada perbedaan berat pakan dan asupan kalori  pada setiap kelompok perlakuan. Setelah 28 hari perlakuan ada perbedaan kenaikan berat badan dan perubahan indeks Lee antara ketiga kelompok perlakuan (ρ < 0,05), walaupun indeks Lee > 300.Kesimpulan: pemberian kombinasi ekstrak air meniran dan metformin dapat mengendalikan kenaikan berat badan dan menurunkan indeks Lee.
Evaluation Transplantation of Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell in the Patients with Hepatitis C-Related Liver Cirrhosis (Pi lot Study)
Authors: Lukashyk S. P. , Aleinikova O. V. , Tsyrkunov V. M. , Karpov I. A. , Isaykina Y. I. , Krasko O. V.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Liver cirrhosis (LC) is the final stage in the progression of chronic diffuse diseases. As common, late stages of LC do not respond to conservative treatment methods, so liver transplantation is the most effective method at this stage. Widespread use of transplantation in clinical practice is due to serious obstacles: a shortage of donor organs, transplant rejection, complications during the operation and the postoperative period, as well as the high cost of such an intervention. We consider bone marrow stem cell transplantation as a potential treatment for liver cirrhosis and additional clinical trials for efficacy and safety.

The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of intraparenchymal transplantation of autologous MSCs from the bone marrow for the treatment of patients with cirrhosis of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV-LC).

Materials and methods. A pilot open-label non-randomized prospective study with the inclusion of 6 patients with HCV-LP. Autologous MSCs were transplanted intraparenchymally into the liver tissue at the rate of 1x106/kg body weight — 1 ml at 5 points.

Results. By 6 months after transplantation, there has been a decrease in the level of bilirubin (from 36,4 μmol/L to 27 μmol/L, p=0.03), MELD scores (from 11,5 to 8, p=0.035), and an increase in platelet levels by 3 months (from 83x109 / l to 124,6x109/l, p=0,031) and 6 months (up to 119,5x109/l, p=0,031). By 6 months after transplantation, there has been no statistically significant result in changing on points on the Child-Pugh scale (p=0,181), cytolysis indicators (maintaining elevated levels of ALT (p=0,062) and AST (p=0,844)), replicative activity of the virus (рreservation of HCV RNA in the blood) (p=0,219 ). Moreover, introduction of MSCs by 6 months after transplantation did not lead to resolution of liver cirrhosis and inflammatory infiltration according to light microscopy data, as well as to resolution of sinusoidal capillarization (p=0,586) and PCI transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts (p>0,99) according to immunohistochemical studies. None of the procedures after the transplantation had an increase in body temperature, an increase in laboratory parameters, or changes in vital functions. One patient was admitted to hospital after 6 months. after MSC transplantation, deep vein thrombosis of the right leg was diagnosed.

Conclusion. The positive effect of MSCs on the improvement of liver function was noted. There was no effect on the replicative activity of the virus. The continuing activity of the inflammatory process was observed. The used MSC transplantation technique is a safe procedure for patients with HCV-LC severity classes A and B and can be applied in clinical practice.
Modern concept — renal continuum (acute kidney injury, acute kidney disease, chronic kidney disease)
Authors: Shutov A. M. , Efremova E. V. , Menzorov M. V. , Serov V. A. , Samoshilova A. A.
Published: March 2021

The lectures present the current understanding of the renal continuum, reflecting the relationship between acute kidney injury (AKI), acute kidney disease (AKD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The issue of early diagnosis of AKI remains unresolved, despite numerous studies on biomarkers of acute kidney injury. The epidemiology, clinical and prognostic significance of AKD have not been sufficiently studied. Awareness of both doctors and patients about the «renal continuum» and the possibilities of timely diagnosis and prevention of renal complications is required.
The Value of Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Heart Failure in Older Age
Authors: Larina V. N. , Lunev V. I.
Published: March 2021

The search for reliable algorithms for diagnosing heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in elderly patients is an urgent problem due to the low specificity of clinical manifestations and the peculiarities of involutive processes occurring in the human body. As an alternative diagnostic approach, it is possible to determine in the blood laboratory biochemical markers — a promising method of diagnosis, prognosis and control of the effectiveness of treatment. The article examines the significance of myocardial stress markers (brain natriuretic peptide, N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide, median fragment of atrial natriuretic peptide); «mechanical» myocardial stress (soluble stimulating growth factor expressed by gene 2 — sST2), copeptin, galectin-3 in patients with heart failure and preserved LVEF, including older persons, as well as the possibility of their use in outpatient practice to predict the course of heart failure. The contribution of the multimarker model for a comprehensive assessment of prognosis is discussed, taking into account both the «hemodynamic» side of myocardial stress (pressure or volume overload, markers — natriuretic peptides), and «mechanical» (fibrosis / hypertrophy / heart remodeling, marker — sST2) myocardial changes.
ESBOÇO DE UMA FENOMENOLOGIA DA CONSCIÊNCIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Vieira Leonardo Alves
Published: March 2021

Este artigo lida com o diálogo construído com base em um conjunto de três textos: 1) A Fenomenologia do espírito (1807) de Hegel (1770-1831), mais especificamente, os subcapítulos VI. C. a. A visão moral do mundo (Die moralische Weltanschauung), e VI. C. b. A dissimulação (Die Verstellung) do capítulo VI. O espírito certo de si mesmo. A moralidade (Der seiner selber gewisse Geist. Die Moralität); 2) o comentário (1972) a estes subcapítulos feitos por Lima Vaz (1921- 2002) e 3) o conto de Guimarães Rosa (1908-1967) O recado do Morro (1956). Este conjunto aborda três temas: i) moralidade e natureza, ii) percepção da realidade tal como ilustrada pelas figuras da consciência e iii) a totalidade, racionalmente organizada, dessas figuras da consciência. Eles serão investigados pelos conceitos de a) moralidade e felicidade, b) figuras da consciência e c) silogismo dialético. O resultado desse entrelaçamento conceitual é a interpretação de O recado do morro de Rosa como uma leitura da cultura brasileira em suas diferentes figuras da consciência, desde sua manifestação mais baixa até sua forma mais avançada: um esboço da fenomenologia da consciência brasileira. Segundo esta leitura, a mensagem comunicada pelo morro, inicialmente captada por Gorgulho, obtém sua correta interpretação por seu destinatário, Pedro Orósio, com a ajuda da arte. Além disso, como uma obra de arte, o próprio texto de Rosa O recado do morro, no amplo contexto da cultura brasileira, é uma espécie de metateoria de o que experiencia o destinatário da mensagem em seu processo de educação: acesso à verdade pela mediação da arte.
STATUS E OFFICIUM: O USO DO DIREITO ROMANO NOS COMENTÁRIOS ÀS SENTENÇAS DE TOMÁS DE AQUINO
Authors: Storck Alfredo
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo busca apresentar o uso que faz Tomás de Aquino do par conceitual: status e officium. Tomaremos como ponto de partida a distinção entre os pensamentos político antigo e moderno proposta pelo padre Lima Vaz. Em seguida, baseado no modo como ele interpreta Tomás de Aquino, procuraremos chamar a atenção para a presença do vocabulário jurídico romano na obra do Doctor Communis, em particular nos Comentários às Sentenças. Para isso, faremos algumas observações sobre o vocabulário transmitido pelo Digesto e pelas Institutas. Em seguida, veremos como Tomás de Aquino interpreta e utiliza esse vocabulário.
AO NOSSO MESTRE
Authors: Drummond Arnaldo Fortes
Published: March 2021

Este artigo realça a importância da vida e obra de Padre Vaz através de seu pensamento e da docência. Ele mostra que sua orientação identifica a raiz da crise contemporânea na ética e ressalta a atualidade do pensamento de Hegel como meio para superá-la. A interpretação hegeliana de Padre Vaz é examinada, sobretudo, através do livro Escritos de filosofia IV no qual resume o pensamento de Hegel cujo sistema localiza, na ideia da liberdade em si e para si, o fundamento metafísico de uma sociedade ética e politicamente construída. Esse fundamento, no qual Hegel baseou a teoria do estado, refuta a acepção subjetivista de liberdade no pensamento moderno – sobretudo o liberal – que, segundo Padre Vaz, é também responsável pela crise ética contemporânea. Para ele, a crítica de Hegel ao liberalismo pode ser aplicada ao materialismo histórico de Marx e ao socialismo real dele derivado, porque ambos, por razões distintas, não efetivaram a concepção verdadeira de liberdade na organização das nações e na determinação de seu destino; liberdade esta], que deve ser exercida pelo próprio cidadão não, em nome dele.
CD137 Signaling is Critical in Fungal Clearance During Systemic Candida albicans Infection
Authors: Tran Vu Vi Giang , Nguyen Zen Na Nu , Kwon Byungsuk
Published: March 2021

Invasive fungal infections by Candida albicans frequently cause mortality in immunocompromised patients. Neutrophils are particularly important for fungal clearance at the early phase of infections, yet little has been known regarding which surface receptor controls neutrophil phagocytic activities during systemic C. albicans infection. CD137, which is encoded by Tnfrsf9, belongs to the tumor necrosis receptor superfamily and has been shown to regulate neutrophils in Gram-positive bacterial infection. Here, we used genetic and immunological tools to probe the involvement of CD137 signaling in innate defense mechanisms against systemic C. albicans infection. We first found that Tnfrsf9-/- mice were susceptible to C. albicans infection, whereas injection of anti-CD137 agonistic antibody protected the host from infection, suggesting that CD137 signaling is indispensable for innate immunity against C. albicans infection. Priming of isolated neutrophils with anti-CD137 antibody promoted their phagocytic and fungicidal activities through phospholipase C. In addition, injection of anti-CD137 antibody significantly augmented restriction of fungal growth in Tnfrsf9-/- mice that received WT neutrophils. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that CD137 signaling contributes to defense mechanisms against systemic C. albicans infection by promoting rapid fungal clearance whereby harmful immunopathology-induced tissue injuries are minimalized.
Post–Chikungunya Virus Infection Musculoskeletal Disorders: Syndromic Sequelae after an Outbreak
Authors: Imad Hisham A. , Matsee Wasin , Kludkleeb Sajikapon , Asawapaithulsert Punyisa , Phadungsombat Juthamas , Nakayama Emi E. , Suzuki Keita , Leaungwutiwong Pornsawan , Piyaphanee Watcharapong , Phumratanaprapin Weerapong , Shioda Tatsuo
Published: March 2021

Chikungunya virus is a re-emerging mosquito-borne alphavirus. Outbreaks are unpredictable and explosive in nature. Fever, arthralgia, and rash are common symptoms during the acute phase. Diagnostic tests are required to differentiate chikungunya virus from other co-circulating arboviruses, as symptoms can overlap, causing a dilemma for clinicians. Arthritis is observed during the sub-acute and chronic phases, which can flare up, resulting in increased morbidity that adversely affects activities of daily living. During the 2019 chikungunya epidemic in Thailand, cases surged in Bangkok in the last quarter of the year. Here, we demonstrate the chronic sequelae of post-chikungunya arthritis in one of our patients 1 year after the initial infection. An inflammatory process involving edema, erythema, and tenderness to palpation of her fingers' flexor surfaces was observed, with positive chikungunya IgG and negative IgM tests and antigen. The condition produced stiffness in the patient’s fingers and limited their range of motion, adversely affecting daily living activities. Resolution of symptoms was observed with a short course of an anti-inflammatory agent. More research is required to determine whether sanctuaries enable chikungunya virus to evade the host immune response and remain latent, flaring up months later and triggering an inflammatory response that causes post-chikungunya arthritis.