bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mídias sociais, uma questão a ser enfrentada: a percepção dos alunos sobre as abordagens metodológicas e os princípios do conectivismo
Authors: Lima Samuel Lyncon Leandro de , Gomes Adhmir Renan Voltolini , Ferreira Rafael Maximiano , Walter Silvana Anita
Published: January 2020

O propósito dessa pesquisa é analisar a influência das abordagens metodológicas nas mídias sociais à luz dos princípios do conectivismo. O estudo foi construído e pautado nas contribuições associadas ao conjunto da tecnologia para os indivíduos, atrelado ao relevante papel das Instituições de Ensino Superior no processo educacional. A pesquisa é do tipo survey, delineada por uma abordagem quantitativa. Nesse sentido, foram aplicados questionários in loco para os acadêmicos do curso de Ciências Contábeis das instituições públicas de ensino, localizadas no estado do Paraná, que obtiveram nota cinco no exame de 2015 do Enade. Compreendeu a amostra o total de 516 respondentes. Considera-se que a percepção dos alunos sobre as abordagens possibilitou identificar quais são as abordagens que mais elevam a percepção sobre os princípios do conectivismo no ambiente acadêmico. Nessa perspectiva, mesmo que os acadêmicos não detenham os conhecimentos das abordagens metodológicas, são hábeis a indicar a sua percepção sobre os hábitos dos professores com os quais já conviveram, como também para demonstrar a sua concepção referente a esses hábitos. Os resultados também evidenciaram que quanto maior a percepção das limitações, maior será a percepção sobre as abordagens: tradicional, humanista, cognitivista e sociocultural.
Eficácia dos processos de planejamento em instituições de ensino superior privadas: avaliação do efeito da formalização do processo de planejamento
Authors: Santos Valdeci Ferreira dos , Oliveira Ronielton Rezende , Teixeira Luiz Antônio Antunes
Published: January 2020

As Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) passam por um aumento na competitividade que reflete no aumento do número de cursos, vagas e surgimento de novas IES. O estudo analisa a percepção dos responsáveis pelo planejamento das IES privadas da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, quanto aos fatores que antecedem o sistema de planejamento e suas dimensões de eficácia. A análise de dados utilizou a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling para avaliar a formalização como moderador do processo de planejamento e sua eficácia. A cobertura do sistema de planejamento, a resistência ao planejamento, a atenção a eventos internos, a atenção a eventos externos, a utilização de técnicas de planejamento e os recursos alocados no planejamento explicam aproximadamente 36% da eficácia, que por sua vez, implica em cerca de 81% da capacitação do sistema gerencial, em 56% do desempenho relativo à concorrência e em 26% do cumprimento dos objetivos do planejamento.
A basic content proposal on sustainability for management undergraduate courses
Authors: Hourneaux Junior Flávio , Galleli Bárbara , Brinholi Carolina , Zellmeister Laura Martini , Kruglianskas Isak
Published: January 2020

This paper aims to propose a basic content for teaching sustainability in undergraduate Management programs, covering a range of topics considered as critical for future professionals’ background. Although the existence of several studies on how to incorporate sustainability in higher education, just a few focus on “what” is to be taught, which is the focus of this paper. This exploratory study had two stages. First, a survey of the professional demands regarding sustainability by organizations was carried out, according to specialists. Secondly, we researched the knowledge in sustainability by undergraduate Management students from a recognised university in Brazil. Data analysis was based on exploratory factor analysis. The research presented 38 sustainability topics split into three major subjects organized according to their content to structure a core sustainability curriculum as an initial proposal. This proposal is not a set of unrelated subjects, disconnected from the context of the course, but complementary. Despite the barriers to the inclusion of sustainability in universities, particularly in countries with problems in education, instructors, and academic managers can use a basic content as we propose as a starting point to embed sustainability into students’ background, and consequently leading to wider sustainable impacts on society.
Fatores determinantes da evasão nos cursos de ciências contábeis no Brasil
Authors: Silva Izaqueline Jhusmicele Alcântara da , Nasu Vitor Hideo , Leal Edvalda Araujo , Miranda Gilberto José
Published: January 2020

A evasão é um fenômeno em crescimento que aflige as Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas e privadas. As medidas de conter a evasão dependem de ações e programas de assistência e de orientação a serem implementados pelas próprias IES. Assim, torna-se relevante conhecer os atributos de alunos e instituições associados ao fenômeno da evasão, em particular no curso de Ciências Contábeis no Brasil. Desta forma, esta pesquisa buscou mapear as características da IES, do curso e dos alunos que determinam a evasão. Para isso, foram levantados os dados públicos do Censo Nacional da Educação Superior de 2015 e 2016. A seleção das variáveis ocorreu a partir do levantamento de estudos anteriores relacionados à evasão. Para o cálculo da evasão anual, utilizou-se a metodologia empregada por Silva Filho et al. (2007). Para o tratamento dos dados, foi realizada a análise descritiva e a regressão logística binomial. Evidenciou-se que a taxa média de evasão geral é alta, indicando que 31% dos alunos dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis no Brasil evadem. Os achados contribuem para que gestores e coordenadores dos cursos implementem ações e estratégias para aumentar a eficiência dos serviços educacionais por meio da redução da evasão.
A técnica multidimensional de ensino e os benefícios proporcionados às startups locais: uma perspectiva dos alunos
Authors: Mineiro Andréa Aparecida da Costa , Arantes Rita de Cássia , Antunes Luiz Guilherme Rodrigues , Antonialli Luiz Marcelo
Published: January 2020

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar o retorno para as startups, a partir da adoção de uma metodologia ativa, a Técnica Multidimensional de Ensino (TME), na opinião dos alunos que cursaram a disciplina de Empreendedorismo Tecnológico do Curso de Administração na UNIFEI. Para tanto, utilizou-se como método, o estudo de caso. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se de duas fontes: documentos (45 relatórios entregues pelos alunos no período de 2012 a 2016) e questionários (122 respostas válidas, aplicados pela ferramenta Survey Monkey®). Quanto às análises dos documentos, utilizaram-se de análise de conteúdo por frequência e categorias. Para a análise dos questionários, utilizou-se de técnicas multivariadas: análise de cluster e análise discriminante (método Stepwise). Os resultados evidenciam que houveram implicações da TME para a sociedade (startups), sendo avaliadas como positivas para alunos. A TME também mostrou-se como uma metodologia pertinente para a formação do administrador, especificamente no contexto das startups, visto que proporcionou ao discente aprendizagem e troca de experiências situadas em um contexto. Foi evidenciado que com o amadurecimento da técnica ao passar dos anos, aumenta a aceitação dos alunos a metodologia, e isso é percebido pelos alunos que cursaram a disciplina nos últimos três anos com maior dedicação ao projeto.
Changes in Occupational Roles and Common Mental Disorders in Mothers of Children With Congenital Zika Syndrome
Authors: Carla da Silva Reis Monique , Araújo Carvalho Aline Carla , Souza Tavares Carolina Santos , Santos Victor Santana , Santos Hudson P. , Saquete Martins-Filho Paulo Ricardo
Published: January 2020

Importance: The functional limitations and long-term dependence of children with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) may lead to changes in maternal occupational roles, which can have a negative impact on mothers’ well-being and mental health.

Objective: To investigate changes in occupational roles and their effects on the mental health of mothers who have a child with CZS.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Rehabilitation centers of the Brazilian Unified Health System in Alagoas, Northeast Brazil.

Participants: Forty mothers of children with CZS.

Outcomes and Measures: The Role Checklist and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire–20 were used to assess the mothers’ involvement in occupational roles and common mental disorders (CMDs), respectively. The relationship between changes in occupational roles and CMDs was analyzed using a logistic regression model.

Results: Our study showed that loss of paid work (p = .026) is associated with poor mental health of mothers of children with CZS.

Conclusions and Relevance: Strengthening public policies to reduce the economic impact of CZS on families, offering multidisciplinary counseling, and implementing psychoeducational strategies for promoting maternal psychological adjustment are needed.

What This Article Adds: The time and money spent by mothers in daily care activities for children with CZS contribute to a reduction in family income and social well-being and have a negative impact on mothers’ mental health.
Oculomotor Treatment in Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Berryman Amy , Rasavage Karen , Politzer Tom , Gerber Don
Published: January 2020

Importance: Vision impairments are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Little evidence exists to assist clinicians with effective interventions for impaired oculomotor skills in people with TBI.

Objective: To pilot a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of oculomotor treatment in TBI rehabilitation.

Design: An impairment-based oculomotor protocol was compared with an activity-based standard of care in a two-group RCT. Participants were masked to assignment.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation.

Participants: For 1 yr, 138 people with TBI, ages 18–65 yr, were screened. Twenty-six were eligible; 6 declined. Inclusion criteria: oculomotor impairment. Exclusion criteria: inpatient stay <6 wk, blind, no functional arm use, unable to follow a three-step command, attention <30 min, or in another clinical trial.

Intervention: Participants were randomized into an experimental group (n = 10) receiving the Six Eye Exercises protocol or a control group (n = 10) receiving a standard-of-care protocol for 30 min/day, 5 days/wk, for 4 wk. Oculomotor and related functional impairments were measured at baseline and posttreatment.

Outcomes and Measures: Measures were chosen before the start. Primary outcome measure: Craig Hospital Eye Evaluation Rating Scale for oculomotor status. Secondary measures for functional status: King-Devick Test, Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System Trail Making Test: Condition 1 Visual Scanning, Modified Nelson–Denny Reading Test, and Subjective Vision Symptom Scale.

Results: Sixteen participants finished. Fatigue was the primary reason for withdrawal. No other negative effects were noted. Selected outcome measures captured positive improvements in both groups.

Conclusions and Relevance: Study findings suggest conducting an appropriately powered RCT to evaluate efficacy of oculomotor treatment in this population.

What This Article Adds: Oculomotor dysfunction seems to improve during inpatient TBI rehabilitation with remedial treatment. Best practice in occupational therapy has not yet been established. An appropriately powered RCT could positively contribute to the evidence available to clinicians.
Effectiveness of a Tailored Intervention for Women With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and ADHD Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Gutman Sharon A. , Balasubramanian Sheetala , Herzog Maya , Kim Elizabeth , Swirnow Hannah , Retig Yudis , Wolff Samantha
Published: January 2020

Importance: Women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptoms may experience difficulty carrying out desired life roles and activities.

Objective: To determine whether a 7-wk tailored occupation-based intervention can reduce perceived stress and ADHD symptoms and enhance perceived performance of and satisfaction with daily roles and activities among women with ADHD.

Design: Randomization to intervention (n = 11) and control (n = 12) groups.

Setting: Home and community.

Participants: Twenty-three participants ages 20–55 yr, English speaking, and with a self-reported diagnosis of ADHD.

Intervention: The intervention was administered for 7 wk in individual 1-hr sessions and addressed routine establishment, organization, time management, stress management, and sensory regulation in the home and community.

Outcomes and Measures: Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.

Results: At 1-wk postintervention, statistically significant differences were found between intervention and control groups in perceived stress (Z = –3.838, p < .000, d = –2.66), ADHD symptoms (Z = –3.605, p < .000, d = –2.17), and COPM Performance (Z = –4.074, p < .000, d = 3.04) and Satisfaction change scores (Z = –3.759, p < .000, d = 2.82).

Conclusion and Relevance: A 7-wk tailored intervention reduced perceived stress and ADHD symptoms and enhanced perceived performance of and satisfaction with desired occupational roles and activities in a sample of women with ADHD. Further research is warranted to determine whether the intervention can be useful to women with ADHD beyond the present sample.

What This Article Adds: This intervention may offer an effective nonpharmacological option for women with ADHD symptoms.
Interventions Within the Scope of Occupational Therapy Practice to Improve Performance of Daily Activities for Older Adults With Low Vision: A Systematic Review
Authors: Liu Chiung-ju , Chang Megan C.
Published: January 2020

Importance: The prevalence of low vision increases with age. Low vision has detrimental effects on older adults’ independence.

Objective: To identify the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to maintain, restore, and improve performance in daily activities for older adults with low vision.

Data Sources: Literature published between 2010 and 2017 was searched in CINAHL, Cochrane Databases, MEDLINE, OTseeker, and PsycINFO.

Study Selection and Data Collection: The authors screened and appraised studies following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Studies were eligible if the participants’ mean age was 55 yr or older, the level of evidence was Level III or higher, the intervention was within the scope of occupational therapy practice, and the outcome measures assessed the performance of daily activities.

Findings: Fourteen studies met the review criteria. Three intervention themes were identified: low vision rehabilitation services (n = 6), self-management approach (n = 6), and tango (n = 2). Moderate evidence was found for low vision rehabilitation services. Low evidence was found for using the self-management approach or adding the self-management approach to existing low vision rehabilitation services. Low evidence was found for tango.

Conclusion and Relevance: This systematic review supports the use of low vision rehabilitation services as an effective approach. Occupational therapy practitioners are encouraged to be part of multidisciplinary teams that offer comprehensive low vision evaluations and multicomponent services.

What This Article Adds: Low vision rehabilitation that offers multidisciplinary services, including occupational therapy, is effective in promoting independence among older adults with low vision.
Occupational Therapy Interventions Supporting Leisure and Social Participation for Older Adults With Low Vision: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nastasi Julie Ann
Published: January 2020

Importance: Evidence supports interventions for social participation for older adults with low vision.

Objective: This systematic review examined the evidence for interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to maintain, restore, and improve performance and quality of life in leisure and social participation for older adults with low vision.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, OTseeker, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for articles published from January 2010 to March 2017 that described interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice for older adults with low vision (mean age 55+).

Study Selection and Data Collection: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA–P) guidelines were followed and applied for this review. Exclusion criteria included publications outside of the period of the study, participants with mean age <55 yr, and interventions outside the occupational therapy scope of practice.

Findings: The search yielded 455 articles, of which 3 Level III studies met the inclusion criteria. Low evidence with high risk of bias was found for interventions supporting social participation. Group therapy, more hours of direct service over a shorter duration, and fitting with low vision devices resulted in improvements in social participation and other outcomes.

Conclusion and Relevance: Little evidence exists to support occupational therapy interventions in the areas of leisure and social participation. More research is needed in these areas.

What This Article Adds: There continues to be a need for research studies in the areas of leisure and social participation.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for Productive Aging Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Smallfield Stacy , Elliott Sharon J.
Published: January 2020

Evidence Connection articles provide clinical application of systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s (AOTA’s) Evidence-Based Practice Project. In this Evidence Connection article, we describe a case report of an older adult who was referred to outpatient occupational therapy services due to chronic back pain from herniated discs. Findings from the systematic review of occupational therapy for community-dwelling older adults were published in the July/August 2018 issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy (Berger et al., 2018; Elliott & Leland, 2018; Hunter & Kearney, 2018; Liu et al., 2018; Smallfield & Lucas Molitor, 2018a, 2018b) and in the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Productive Aging for Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Each article in the Evidence Connection series summarizes the evidence from the published reviews on a given topic and presents an application of the evidence to a related clinical case. These articles illustrate how the research evidence from the reviews can be used to inform and guide clinical decision making.
Direct links between hygroscopicity and mixing state of ambient
aerosols: Estimating particle hygroscopicity from their single particle
mass spectra
Authors: Wang Xinning , Wang Xiaofei , Yang Xin
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Hygroscopicity plays a crucial role in determining aerosol optical properties and aging processes in the atmosphere. We investigated submicron aerosol hygroscopicity and composition by connecting an aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) to the downstream of a hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA), to simultaneously characterize hygroscopicities and chemical compositions of ambient aerosols in Shanghai, China. Major particle types, including biomass burning, EC, Dust/Ash, organics particles, cooking particles and sea salt, were shown to have distinct hygroscopicity distributions. It is also found that particles with stronger hygroscopicities were more likely to have higher effective densities. Based on the measured hygroscopicity-composition relations, we developed a statistical method to estimate ambient particle hygroscopicity just from their mass spectra. This method was applied to another ambient ATOFMS dataset sampled from September 12nd to 28th, 2012 in Shanghai, and it is found that ambient particles were present in three major hygroscopicity modes, whose growth factors at relative humidity 85 % peaked at 1.05, 1.42 and 1.60, respectively. The temporal variations of the estimated particle hygroscopicity were consistent with the back-trajectory analysis and atmospheric visibility observations. These hygroscopicity estimation results with single particle mass spectra analysis can provide critical information on particulate water content, particle source apportionment and aging processes.
A return to large-scale features of Pliocene climate: the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2
Authors: Haywood Alan M. , Tindall Julia C. , Dowsett Harry J. , Dolan Aisling M. , Foley Kevin M. , Hunter Stephen J. , Hill Dan J. , Chan Wing-Le , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Stepanek Christian , Lohmann Gerrit , Chandan Deepak , Peltier W. Richard , Tan Ning , Contoux Camille , Ramstein Gilles , Li Xiangyu , Zhang Zhongshi , Guo Chuncheng , Nisancioglu Kerim H. , Zhang Qiong , Li Qiang , Kamae Yoichi , Chandler Mark A. , Sohl Linda E. , Otto-Bliesner Bette L. , Feng Ran , Brady Esther C. , von der Heydt Anna S. , Baatsen Michiel L. J. , Lunt Daniel J.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The Pliocene epoch has great potential to improve our understanding of the long-term climatic and environmental consequences of an atmospheric CO2 concentration near ~ 400 parts per million by volume. Here we present the large-scale features of Pliocene climate as simulated by a new ensemble of climate models of varying complexity and spatial resolution and based on new reconstructions of boundary conditions (the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2; PlioMIP2). As a global annual average, modelled surface air temperatures increase by between 1.4 and 4.7 °C relative to pre-industrial with a multi-model mean value of 2.8 °C. Annual mean total precipitation rates increase by 6 % (range: 2 %–13 %). On average, surface air temperature (SAT) increases are 1.3 °C greater over the land than over the oceans, and there is a clear pattern of polar amplification with warming polewards of 60° N and 60° S exceeding the global mean warming by a factor of 2.4. In the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, meridional temperature gradients are reduced, while tropical zonal gradients remain largely unchanged. Although there are some modelling constraints, there is a statistically significant relationship between a model's climate response associated with a doubling in CO2 (Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity; ECS) and its simulated Pliocene surface temperature response. The mean ensemble earth system response to doubling of CO2 (including ice sheet feedbacks) is approximately 50 % greater than ECS, consistent with results from the PlioMIP1 ensemble. Proxy-derived estimates of Pliocene sea-surface temperatures are used to assess model estimates of ECS and indicate a range in ECS from 2.5 to 4.3 °C. This result is in general accord with the range in ECS presented by previous IPCC Assessment Reports.
Satellite-based remote sensing data set of global surface water storage change from 1992 to 2018
Authors: Tortini Riccardo , Noujdina Nina , Yeo Samantha , Ricko Martina , Birkett Charon M , Khandelwal Ankush , Kumar Vipin , Marlier Miriam E , Lettenmaier Dennis P
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The recent availability of freely and openly available satellite remote sensing products has enabled the implementation of global surface water monitoring to a level not previously possible. Here we present a global set of satellite-derived time series of surface water storage variations for lakes and reservoirs for a period that covers the satellite altimetry era. Our goal is to promote the use of satellite-derived products for the study of large inland water bodies, and to set the stage for the expected availability of products from the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission, which will vastly expand the spatial coverage of such products, expected from 2021 on. Our general strategy is to estimate global surface water storage changes (ΔV) in large lakes and reservoirs using a combination of paired water surface elevation (WSE) and water surface area (WSA) extent products. Specifically, we use data produced by multiple satellite altimetry missions (TOPEX-Poseidon, Jason-1, Jason-2, Jason-3, and ENVISAT) from 1992 on, with surface extent estimated from Terra/Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) from 2000 on. We leverage from relationships between elevation and surface area (i.e., hypsometry) to produce estimates of ΔV even during periods when either of the variables was not available. This approach is successful provided that there are strong relationships between the two variables during an overlapping period. Our target is to produce time series of ΔV as well as WSE and WSA for a set of 347 lakes and reservoirs globally for the 1992–2018 period. The data sets presented are publicly available and distributed via NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PO DAAC; https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/). Specifically, the WSE data set is available at https://doi.org/10.5067/UCLRS-GREV2 (Birkett et al., 2019), the WSA data set is available at https://doi.org/10.5067/UCLRS-AREV2 (Khandelwal and Kumar, 2019), and the ΔV data set is available at https://doi.org/10.5067/UCLRS-STOV2 (Tortini et al., 2019). The records we describe represent the most complete global surface water time series available from the launch of TOPEX-Poseidon in 1992 (beginning of the satellite altimetry era) to near-present. The production of long-term, consistent, and calibrated records of surface water cycle variables such as the data set presented here is of fundamental importance to baseline future SWOT products.
Integrating palaeoclimate time series with rich metadata for uncertainty modelling: strategy and documentation of the PALMOD 130k marine palaeoclimate data synthesis
Authors: Jonkers Lukas , Cartapanis Olivier , Langner Michael , McKay Nick , Mulitza Stefan , Strack Anne , Kucera Michal
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Palaeoclimate data hold the unique promise of providing a long-term perspective on climate change and as such can serve as an important benchmark for climate models. However, palaeoclimate data have generally been archived with insufficient standardisation and metadata to allow for transparent and consistent uncertainty assessment in an automated way. Thanks to improved computation capacity, transient palaeoclimate simulations are now possible, calling for data products containing multiparameter time series rather than information on a single parameter for a single time slice. Efforts are underway to simulate a complete glacial-interglacial cycle using general circulation models (palmod.de) and to confront these simulations with palaeoclimate data, we have compiled a multi-parameter marine palaeoclimate data synthesis that contains time series spanning 0 to 130,000 years ago. We present the first version of the data product that focuses exclusively on time series for which a robust chronology based on benthic foraminifera δ18O and radiocarbon dating is available. The product contains 896 time series of eight palaeoclimate parameters from 143 individual sites, each associated with rich metadata, age-depth model ensembles and information to refine and update the chronologies. This version contains 205 time series of benthic foraminifera δ18O, 169 of benthic foraminifera δ13C, 131 of seawater temperature, 174 and 119 of planktonic foraminifera δ18O and δ13C and 44, 38 and 16 of carbonate, organic carbon and biogenic silica content, respectively. The data product is available in three formats (R, LiPD and netCDF) facilitating use across different software and operating systems and can be downloaded at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.908831 (Jonkers et al., 2019). This data descriptor presents our data synthesis strategy and describes the contents and format of the data product in detail. It ends with a set of recommendations for data archiving.
Evolution and dynamics of the vertical temperature profile in an
oligotrophic lake
Authors: Klaić Zvjezdana B. , Babić Karmen , Orlić Mirko
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Abstract. In this study, the fine-scale responses of a stratified oligotrophic karstic lake (Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes, Croatia; lake fetch is 2.3 km and maximum depth is 46 m) to atmospheric forcings on the lake surface are investigated. Lake temperatures measured at a resolution of 2 min at 15 depths ranging from 0.2 to 43 m, which were observed during the 6 July–5 November 2018 period were analyzed. The results show thermocline deepening from 10 m at the beginning, to 16 m at the end of the observational period, where the latter corresponds to approximately one third of the lake depth. The pycnocline followed the same pattern, except that the deepening occurred throughout the entire period approximately 1 m above the thermocline. On average, thermocline deepening was 3–4 cm per day, while the maximum deepening (12.5 cm per day) coincided with the occurrence of internal seiches. Furthermore, the results indicate three different types of forcings on the lake surface, and two of these forcings have diurnal periodicity: (1) continuous heat fluxes and (2) occasional periodic stronger winds, while the (3) forcing corresponds to occasional nonperiodic stronger winds with along the basin-steady directions. Continuous heat fluxes (1) produced forced diurnal oscillations in the lake temperature within the first 5 meters of the lake throughout the entire observational period. Noncontinuous periodic stronger winds (2) resulted in occasional forced diurnal oscillations in the lake temperatures at depths from approximately 7 to 20 m. Occasional steady along-the-basin stronger winds (3) triggered both, baroclinic internal seiches with a principal period of 8.0 h, and, barotropic surface seiches with a principal period of 9 min. Lake currents produced by the surface seiches under realistic-topography conditions generated baroclinic oscillations of the thermocline region (at depths of 9–17 m) with periods corresponding to the period of surface seiches (≈ 9 min), which to our knowledge, has not been reported in previous lake studies. Finally, a simple multiple linear regression model of the near-surface temperature (0.2 m), which depends on the air temperature and wind speed, can only be used as a rough estimate of the daily mean lake temperature under weak wind and undisturbed air temperature pattern conditions.
Global and regional performances of SPI candidate distribution
functions in observations and simulations
Authors: Pieper Patrick , Düsterhus André , Baehr Johanna
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is a widely accepted drought index. Its calculation algorithm normalizes the index via a distribution function. Which distribution function to use is still disputed within literature. This study illuminates the long-standing dispute and proposes a solution which ensures the normality of the index for all common accumulation periods in observations and simulations. We compare the normality of SPI time-series derived with the gamma, Weibull, generalized gamma, and the exponentiated Weibull distribution. Our normality comparison evaluates actual against theoretical occurrence probabilities of SPI categories, and the quality of the fit of candidate distribution functions against their complexity with Akaike's Information Criterion. SPI time-series, spanning 1983–2013, are calculated from Global Precipitation Climatology Project's monthly precipitation data-set and seasonal precipitation hindcasts from the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model. We evaluate these SPI time-series over the global land area and for each continent individually during winter and summer. While focusing on an accumulation period of 3-months, we additionally test the drawn conclusions for other common accumulation periods (1-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months). Our results suggest to exercise caution when using the gamma distribution to calculate SPI; especially in simulations or their evaluation. Further, our analysis shows a distinctly improved normality for SPI time-series derived with the exponentiated Weibull distribution relative to other distributions. The use of the exponentiated Weibull distribution maximizes the normality of SPI time-series in observations and simulations both individual as well as concurrent. Its use further maximizes the normality of SPI time-series over each continent and for every investigated accumulation period. We, therefore, advocate to derive SPI with the exponentiated Weibull distribution, irrespective of the heritage of the precipitation data or the length of analyzed accumulation periods.
Predicting tile drainage discharge using machine learning
algorithms
Authors: Motarjemi Saghar Khodadad , Møller Anders Bjørn , Plauborg Finn , Iversen Bo Vangsø
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Drainage systems can significantly improve the water management in agricultural fields. However, they may transport contaminants originating from fertilizers and pesticides and threaten ecosystems. Determining the quantity of drainage water is an important factor for constructed wetlands and other drainage mitigation techniques. This study was carried out in Denmark where tile drainage systems are implemented in more than half of the agricultural fields. The first aim of the study was to predict the annual discharge of tile drainage systems using machine-learning methods, which have been highly popular in recent years. The second objective was to assess the importance of the parameters and their impact on the predictions. Data from 53 drainage stations distributed in different regions of Denmark were collected and used for the analysis. The covariates contained 35 parameters including the calculated percolation and geographic variables such as drainage probability, clay content in different depth intervals, and elevation, all extracted from existing national maps. Random Forest and Cubist were selected as predictive models. Both models were trained on the dataset and used to predict yearly drainage discharge. Results highlighted the importance of the cross-validation methods and indicated that both Random Forest and Cubist can perform as predictive models with a low complexity and good correlation between predicted and observed discharge. Covariate importance analysis showed that among all of the used predictors, the percolation and elevation have the largest effect on the prediction of tile drainage discharge. This work opens up for a better understanding of the dynamics of tile drainage discharge and proves that machine-learning techniques can perform as predictive models in this specific concept. The developed models can be used in regard to a national mapping of expected tile drain discharge.
Data-driven prediction of a multi-scale Lorenz 96 chaotic system using deep learning methods: Reservoir computing, ANN, and RNN-LSTM
Authors: Chattopadhyay Ashesh , Hassanzadeh Pedram , Subramanian Devika
Published: January 2020

Abstract. In this paper, the performance of three deep learning methods for predicting short-term evolution and for reproducing the long-term statistics of a multi-scale spatio-temporal Lorenz 96 system is examined. The methods are: echo state network (a type of reservoir computing, RC-ESN), deep feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN), and recurrent neural network with long short-term memory (RNN-LSTM). This Lorenz 96 system has three tiers of nonlinearly interacting variables representing slow/large-scale (X), intermediate (Y), and fast/small-scale (Z) processes. For training or testing, only X is available; Y and Z are never known or used. We show that RC-ESN substantially outperforms ANN and RNN-LSTM for short-term prediction, e.g., accurately forecasting the chaotic trajectories for hundreds of numerical solver's time steps, equivalent to several Lyapunov timescales. The RNN-LSTM and ANN show some prediction skills as well; RNN-LSTM bests ANN. Furthermore, even after losing the trajectory, data predicted by RC-ESN and RNN-LSTM have probability density functions (PDFs) that closely match the true PDF, even at the tails. The PDF of the data predicted using ANN, however, deviates from the true PDF. Implications, caveats, and applications to data-driven and data-assisted surrogate modeling of complex nonlinear dynamical systems such as weather/climate are discussed.
Joint inversion of the lithospheric density struture in the North China Craton based on GOCE satellite gravity gradient data and surface gravity data
Authors: Tian Yu , Wang Yong
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The North China Craton (NCC) is one of the oldest cratons in the world. Currently, the destruction mechanism and geodynamics of the NCC still remain controversial. All of the proposed views regarding the issues involve studying the internal density structure of the NCC lithosphere. Gravity field data are one of the most important data in regard to investigating the lithospheric density structure, the gravity gradient data and the gravity data possess their own advantages. Given the inconsistency of the on orbit GOCE satellite gravity gradient and surface gravity observation plane height, also effects of the initial density model upon of the inversion results, the joint inversion of gravity gradient and gravity are divided into two integrated processes. By using the preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) inversion algorithm, the density data are calculated using the preprocessed remaining gravity anomaly data. The newly obtained high resolution density data are then used as the initial density model, which can be served as the constraints for the subsequent gravity gradient inversion. Several essential corrections are performed for the four gravity gradient tensor (Txx，Txz，Tyy，Tzz) of the GOCE satellite, after which the remaining gravity gradient anomaly (T'xx，
Combined numerical and experimental study of microstructure and
permeability in porous granular media
Authors: Eichheimer Philipp , Thielmann Marcel , Fujita Wakana , Golabek Gregor J. , Nakamura Michihiko , Okumura Satoshi , Nakatani Takayuki , Kottwitz Maximilian O.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Fluid flow on different scales is of interest for several Earth science disciplines like petrophysics, hydrogeology and volcanology. To parameterize fluid flow in large-scale numerical simulations (e.g. groundwater and volcanic systems), flow properties on the microscale need to be considered. For this purpose experimental and numerical investigations of flow through porous media over a wide range of porosities are necessary. In the present study we sinter glass bead media with various porosities. The microstructure, namely effective porosity and effective specific surface, is investigated using image processing. We determine flow properties like hydraulic tortuosity and permeability using both experimental measurements and numerical simulations. By fitting microstructural and flow properties to porosity, we obtain a modified Kozeny-Carman equation for isotropic low-porosity media, that can be used to simulate permeability in large-scale numerical models. To verify the modified Kozeny-Carman equation we compare it to the computed and measured permeability values.
Benefits of a joint health sciences practicum for students in library and information sciences: a case report
Authors: Raszewski Rebecca , Peterson Jonna
Published: January 2020

Background: A joint practicum gives library and information science (LIS) students the opportunity to compare two health sciences libraries’ structures and workflows. The goal of this case report is to describe how a joint health sciences practicum can help LIS students and recent graduates develop skills that may be beneficial for their future positions in health sciences or other libraries.Case Presentation: Six participants in a joint health sciences library practicum underwent two interviews: the first interview focused on their practicum experiences, and the second interview sought to determine whether the participants had found employment and were using any skills in their new positions that they acquired during their practicums. Participants gave mostly positive feedback regarding their practicum experiences and expressed openness to applying for health sciences library positions. Although the participants who found employment did not work in health sciences libraries, their practicum projects served as supporting materials for their job applications, and they were using the skills they had gained from their practicums in their new positions.Conclusions: While most joint practicum participants were not working in a health sciences library, the practicum was beneficial to their new careers. This case report highlights that a joint health sciences practicum program can be beneficial in showing LIS students different approaches to health sciences librarianship.
Excel for data visualization in academic health sciences libraries: a qualitative case study
Authors: LaPolla Fred Willie Zametkin
Published: January 2020

Background: Data visualization is a growing topic of discussion and area of educational programming in health sciences libraries. This paper synthesizes information on eight institutions’ experiences in offering Excel-focused data visualization workshops with the goal of providing an overview of the current state of educational offerings in this area.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted by phone and email with librarians at institutions that offer Excel-focused workshops, which were identified by reviewing the websites of Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries members and the 2019 Medical Library Association annual meeting program.Results: Librarians from six institutions were interviewed, online class materials from one institution were reviewed, and information from the author’s institution was included, resulting in a total of eight institutions. Educational offerings in Excel-focused data visualization ranged from one workshop to five workshops in a series, which typically first presented information for beginners and then progressed to more advanced data visualization skills. Regarding motivations for offering these workshops, librarians stated that they were committed to providing instruction in software programs that were already familiar to users. Workshop evaluations, when available, were generally positive.Discussion: Because of its widespread availability and usage, Excel offers a compelling opportunity for providing hands-on data visualization instruction in health sciences libraries.
A bibliometric study of research pertaining to the oldest-old (age eighty-five and older)
Authors: Lund Brady Daniel , Wang Ting
Published: January 2020

Objective: This bibliometric study investigated literature pertaining to a quickly growing population worldwide: the oldest-old, individuals age eighty-five and older. The current state of research was surveyed, based on top authors, publishers, authorship networks, themes in publication titles and abstracts, and highly cited publications.Methods: Bibliographic data was abstracted from the Web of Science database. Microsoft Excel was used for data analyses related to top author, publishers, and terms. VosViewer bibliographic visualization software was used to identify authorship networks.Results: Publications pertaining to the oldest-old have increased dramatically over the past three decades. The majority of these publications are related to medical or genetics topics. Citations for these publications remain relatively low but may be expected to grow in coming years, based on the publication behavior about and increasing prominence of this population. Claudio Franceschi and the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society were found to be the author and journal with the most publications pertaining to the oldest-old, respectively.Conclusions: The oldest-old is a population of rapidly growing significance. Researchers in library and information science, gerontology, and beyond can benefit themselves and those they serve by participating in research and specialized services to marginalized populations like the oldest-old. This bibliometric study hopefully serves as a launch-point for further inquiry and research in the years to come.
Redundancy of terms is not an error but plays a positive role in composing search strategies
Authors: Schoones Jan W.
Published: January 2020

Comment on Salvador-Oliván JA, Marco-Cuenca G, Arquero-Avilés R. Errors in search strategies used in systematic reviews and their effects on information retrieval. J Med Libr Assoc. 2019 Apr;107(2):210–21. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2019.567.
From Reading to Healing: Teaching Medical Professionalism through Literature
Authors: Truex Eleanor Shanklin
Published: January 2020

This well-organized anthology describes a variety of pedagogic scenarios designed to explore the concept of professionalism that can be incorporated into medical school or any health sciences curriculum.
Response to “Redundancy of terms is not an error but plays a positive role in composing search strategies”
Authors: Salvador-Olivan Jose Antonio , Marco-Cuenca Gonzalo , Arquero-Avilés Rosario
Published: January 2020

Response to Schoones J. Redundancy of terms is not an error but plays a positive role in composing search strategies [letter to the editor]. J Med Libr Assoc. 2020 Jan;108(1):118–9. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2020.780.Comment on Salvador-Oliván JA, Marco-Cuenca G, Arquero-Avilés R. Errors in search strategies used in systematic reviews and their effects on information retrieval. J Med Libr Assoc. 2019 Apr;107(2):210–21. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2019.567.
Correction to “Announcing the Journal of the Medical Library Association’s data sharing policy” on 107(4) July, pages 470 and 471. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2019.801
Authors: Akers Katherine G.
Published: January 2020

Corrects a missing acknowledgment to the National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health, from authors Liz Amos and Lisa Federer and author Lisa Federer’s affiliation in “Announcing the Journal of the Medical Library Association’s data sharing policy” on 107(4) July, pages 470 and 471. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2019.801.
PERCEPCIONES DE LOS PROFESIONALES DE ENFERMERÍA SOBRE SU ROL EN LA VOLUNTAD ANTICIPADA
Authors: Collado Quezada Claudia , Hermosilla Vásquez Javier , Leiva Melipil María José , Verdugo Parada Valeria , Ramírez Gaete Scarlett , Rosas Mariano Daniela , Rosas Mariano Daniela
Published: January 2020

Las Voluntades Anticipadas son una forma de defensa de la autonomía y dignidad de los usuarios en el final de la vida. En Chile, no existen leyes que la validen, por lo cual los enfermeros toman especial relevancia por ser quienes otorgan cuidados en todo el ciclo vital.

Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de los profesionales de enfermería de una Unidad de Paciente Crítico sobre su rol en la voluntad anticipada en el final de la vida.

Metodología: Estudio cualitativo, paradigma post positivista con enfoque de estudio de caso. Realizado entre Octubre y Noviembre del 2017. Se logró la saturación teórica mediante la realización de 6 entrevistas de tipo semiestructuradas. Se utilizó análisis de contenido.

Resultados: Ningún profesional de enfermería manejaba el concepto, sin embargo, varios lograban identificar elementos vinculados a la temática. Además, se identificó un escaso abordaje del tema durante la formación de pre y postgrado y la necesidad sentida de ampliar los conocimientos. Algunos asociaron el rol con la educación y apoyo, otros no lograron identificar la vinculación. Se evidenciaron algunas prácticas que apuntan a respetar las voluntades de las personas, con diversas disyuntivas en el proceso.

Conclusión: Falta un largo camino por recorrer en cuanto al respeto de las preferencias de las personas al final de la vida, y para lograrlo es esencial el aumentar el conocimiento que poseen los enfermos sobre la temática. Posteriormente, es importante el establecer claramente su forma de aplicación y estrategias para facilitar el proceso, además de incorporarlo en el lenguaje cotidiano.