bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Looking at the no child left behind policy: the implementers’ perspectives
Authors: San Jose Ariel E
Published: January 2023

This qualitative-phenomenological research aimed to determine the perspectives of the teacher-implementers about the No Child Left Behind Policy in Bato National High School. Participants of the study were three TLE teachers and five teachers from different courses. Participants were chosen through purposive sampling. Using the focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, the researchers found out that the teachers had positive and negative perceptions of the policy; it aided low-performing and at-risk students. However, the participants indicated that students became dependent and lazy; also they mentioned that unprepared students passed; hence, the program was unfair. The school administration needs to look into the teachers-implementers view on the NCLB for its improvement.
State science, political sociology of state by Ibn Khaldun and reversal of Webber opinion
Authors: Shahidipak Mohammadreza 
Published: January 2023

State is one of first concepts of political sociology that has an independent entry in sources of 20th century. In modern era many political thinkers today have spoken about concept of state, and there has been astonishment chaos in definition of state but Weber's definition is a reference. He considered modern state to be one of specific concepts of European political thought, and despite his historical studies on Islam and administrative practice of Muslims in middle ages, his view on state and Islamic administration is inadequate. In his definition, state is aseto institutions, positions have exercised power over individuals and society, and this concept of state in Islamic civilization has advanced to beginning of Islam, and despite fact that his definition of state, which has exclusive right to exercise power only It is at disposal of state. This meaning was realized in case of Prophet's state because exclusive right to exercise power was placed in Prophet's monopoly, and feudal powers, clan, tribal groups, various institutions were subordinated to power of Prophet's state and his authority was been exercised over all social groups. For first time, word science of state has been used to understand state in Islamic civilization. It has special terms about state, and founders of Islamic philosophy, Farabi and Avicenna, explained Plato's and Aristotle's ideas about state with an Islamic color. In their combined view, relationship between civil society and state is considered.There is an obvious contradiction in Weber's view regarding understanding of modern state in modern western societies. While there are many evidences and documents about establishment of state by prophet. There are any special work in state from Al-Farabi to Ibn Khaldun, dozens of texts have been compiled to explain nature of state in Islamic civilization, developed and emergent two types of modern state, Somewhat almost approach to Ibn Khaldun division and opinion about state, Unstable and becoming and stable and still. He is turning point and end of progress of understanding of state in Islamic civilization and this concept of state in Islamic civilization has progressed to which is result of establishment of sociology of state by Ibn Khaldun six hundred years before first European positive and negative definitions of state. Ibn Khaldun's view on formation of state has a kind of convergence with Weber and Nozick's view on establishment of state.
The nexus between ZANU PF, Mbuya Nehanda and the liberation struggle
Authors: Nare Hilary
Published: January 2023

Zimbabwe has a very rich history, deep rooted in its liberation struggle. However, this deep attachment to the liberation struggle has overshadowed and impeded basic government functions leading to the demise of the economy as the ruling party is entangled with the past and clearly lacking political will and innovation for the future. In the discourse of liberation war movements and activities, it is important to analyse the causes that give rise to their existence, which therefore becomes a backdrop on which their successes and failures can be analysed. This paper therefore will establish the main causes which fueled the liberation struggle in Zimbabwe and using such causes as benchmarks analyse how ZANU PF is faring forty years after independence. In this regard there are historical figures such as Mbuya Nehanda and the history of the liberation war which have become construed and contorted in political gimmicks such that the separation of such facts and ZANU PF have become difficult over the years. Hence, this paper seeks to analyse the relationship between ZANU PF, Mbuya Nehanda and liberation struggle. In making such an analysis it also becomes clearer whether ZANU PF still represents what it purports to have gone to war for, and the extent to which it has been successful in realising its objectives.
A theological pastoral perspective to prayer ministry in Nigeria
Authors: Uroko Favour C. , Okponung Blessing , Ngozika Attah
Published: January 2023

This article examines prayer ministry in Nigeria from a theological pastoral perspective. The objectives of this study include (1) to assess prayer ministry in Nigeria; (2) to explore reasons for the boom in prayer ministries in Nigeria; (3) to assess the impact of the activities of prayer ministries in Nigeria.  Existing literature have not adequately explored prayer ministry from a theological pastoral lens. In Nigeria, prayer ministries could be seen all over the place, with the intent of exploiting unsuspecting Nigerians. Religion has been so commercialised and commoditised to the extent that we now have “prayer consultants and contractors” whose task is to assist spiritually “weak” people to fast and pray for divine solutions to their problems. Their trademark is to see scary visions about their victims whom they will ask to go on fasting and intense prayers to ward off the looming danger on their lives or those of their family. If the victim says they do not have the strength for such a spiritual exercise, they will offer to help out for a fee. Oftentimes, the so-called vision is a figment of imagination of these fraudsters masquerading as men of God. This study was adopted content analysis through a phenomenological approach. Findings reveal that several of these prayer houses engaged in prayer merchandising, collecting money and material things from their victims, with the promise of prayer for them to gain spiritual and physical freedom. Also, there are reports of immoral activities such as rape happening there. Thus, Christian religious worship is long longer practiced in truth, and prayer houses no longer a place of righteousness, but a place of economic and material exploitationWith this study, Nigerians are better sensitised on how to prevent themselves from falling victim to religious fraud, and the church is also equipped on how to deal with a menace of this nature.  The article concluded that a theological pastoral perspective of prayer ministry in Nigeria exposes how prayer houses have derailed and started extorting covertly and overtly from the unsuspecting members. The recommendations are discussed.
Anthropological Research in Public Health Emergencies in India: Current Challenges and Future Opportunities
Authors:   Department of Anthropology and Coordinator of Department of Food and Nutrition, Mrinalini Datta Mahavidyapith, Birati, Kolkata 700 051, West Bengal, India, Chakravarty Suman
Published: January 2023

Background The current global pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) disease and similar kinds of recent diseases like the Ebola virus and Zika virus diseases urge to renovate the recognition of the need to understand social-cultural pathways of disease transmission. The community members’ emic understanding of sudden health crises may help to increase local people's participation in the public healthcare system. Social scientists, particularly anthropologists, have an essential driver in population response to the disease outbreak due to their subjective and objective abilities to assess these events through the lens of the bio-cultural dimension, even in micro-level communities. In the light of interdisciplinary understanding of diseases in public health emergencies, the importance of the anthropological role is growing demand and advocate to perform fruitful research. This paper provides a brief outline of the basic concept of public health emergencies and the involvement of Indian anthropologists so far through global perspectives. This paper also argues the current methodological challenges, policy shortcomings, and future opportunities for anthropological research during disease emergencies in the Indian context. Objective The objective was to find out the community preparedness and response to COVID-19. Methodology For the present study, both secondary and primary data were used. To obtain the secondary data, a specific literature review was done using the key word “Public Health Emergencies”, combined with “Public Health”, “COVID-19”, “Anthropology”, “Preparedness”, “Response”, “Medical Anthropology”, “World Health Organization (WHO)”, “Pandemic”, “Infectious Diseases” and “India” on PubMed and Google Scholar from April 2020 to September 2021. A manual search for relevant materials, and examined articles from several nonacademic sources (e.g. news, websites, etc.) was also used for the analyzing the facts. To obtain primary data, the qualitative survey was carried out in a Santal village, “Majhi Kadamdih”, located in Balarampur block, 35 km southwest of Purulia district town of West Bengal, India. Conclusion There is an insightful connection between anthropological research and public health emergency, specifically in local people’s preparedness and response during sudden health crises. Based on world literature, it was observed that anthropologists substantially contribute to finding out the social-cultural pathways of emergency diseases and interprets the phenomenon in bio-cultural ways.
Evaluating the Effect of Delthamethrine on the Prevalence of Trypanosomiasis in Two Districts of Buno Bedelle Zone, Ethiopia
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Epidemiology, Bedelle Regional Veterinary Laboratory Center, P. O. Box 15, Bedelle, Ethiopia, Wakgari Moti
Published: January 2023

Introduction Trypanosomosis is a bottleneck on the livelihood of farmers in the study area and the Ethiopian government has been using 0.4% Delthamethrine impregnated targets and 1% pour-on to reduce the impact of this disease on food security. However, there was no information on the effect of this chemical on the prevalence of Trypanosomiasis. Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Deltamethrine in controlling trypanosomiasis. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted on cattle of two districts of Buno Bedele Zone in April 2020 and 2022. Paired samples “t” test statistic was used to summarize data by using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) statistics version 21. The approach followed to complete the study was implementing a pre-intervention phase to know the status of trypanosoma before using a chemical in April 2020 and an intervention phase using deltamethrine chemical on cattle at a rate of 1 mL/10 kg body weight and 0.4% Delthamethrine impregnated targets from October 2021 to March 2022. The post-intervention was done in April 2022 to evaluate the prevalence difference. Results Out of 576 cattle during pre-intervention 159 (27.60%) cattle were positive with a mean packed cell volume (PCV) of 20.68%. During post-intervention out of 576 cattle, 27 (4.70%) cattle were positive with a mean PCV of 26.10%. For the study, there was strong evidence at a 95% confidence interval (t=3.035, p<0.05). Delthamethrine chemical application reduces the prevalence of the trypanosoma parasite by ten estimated mean. Also, there was strong evidence at a 95% confidence interval (t=-84.66, p<0.05) that Delthamethrine chemical application increased the PCV of cattle by five estimated mean. Conclusion In both districts, there was strong evidence that deltamethrin chemical application reduces the prevalence of trypanosome parasites. Deltamethrin chemical application increased cattle’s PCV, which showed that an intervention was encouraging to suppress trypanosomosis and should be continually implemented to keep the intervention difference.
Expression and purification of recombinant UvsY protein v1
Authors: not provided lucero.merino.c
Published: January 2023

The uvsY is a enzyme that is part for an isothermal DNA amplification based on the recombination process, the RPA reaction. RPA uses 4 enzymes: UvsX, UvsY, Bsu and Gp32. It's an isothermal amplification technique that can run at 37°C. In this protocol we are producing a recombinant gp32 that has a 6xHIS-tag using a E. coli expression system. The protocols for the production of the other proteins are also available in protocols.io.
Expression and purification of recombinant UvsX recombinase v1
Authors: not provided lucero.merino.c
Published: January 2023

The UvsX is a enzyme that is part for an isothermal DNA amplification based on the recombination process, the RPA reaction. RPA uses 4 enzymes: UvsX, UvsY, Bsu and Gp32. It's an isothermal amplification technique that can run at 37°C. In this protocol we are producing a recombinant UvsX that has a 6xHIS-tag using a E. coli expression system. The protocols for the production of the other proteins are also available in protocols.io.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Probable Coronavirus Disease 2019-associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Republic of Korea: A Case Series
Authors: Hwang Young Hoon , Kim Donghwan , Kang Chang Kyung , Choe Pyoeng Gyun , Park Wan Beom , Kim Nam Joong , Oh Myoung-don
Published: January 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a life-threatening invasive fungal infection in critically ill patients with COVID-19. However, only a few studies have reported CAPA in the Republic of Korea.
Objective: To describe clinical characteristics of CAPA in patients at a tertiary care hospital in the Republic of Korea.
Methods: This retrospective, observational consecutive case series study was conducted by reviewing the electronic medical records of patients who developed CAPA at Seoul National University Hospital from January 1, 2020, to August 31, 2021. CAPA was defined by European Confederation of Medical Mycology/International Society for
Human and Animal Mycology (ECMM/ISHAM) consensus criteria. Patient demographics, comorbidities, corticosteroid use, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes were investigated.
Results: Eleven patients were diagnosed with probable CAPA according to the ECMM/ISHAM criteria. One patient had classical host factor for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis before admission. All patients received corticosteroid therapy before CAPA diagnosis. The mean total corticosteroid administered before CAPA diagnosis was 220 mg of dexamethasone equivalent dose (range, 80~572 mg), and the mean duration of steroid therapy was 15 days (range, 4~34 days). The median time from intensive care unit admission to CAPA diagnosis was 12 days (range, 5~36 days). All individuals showed aggravation on chest X-rays. Ten patients were diagnosed with positive serum
galactomannan (GM), and one was diagnosed with positive GM in a bronchoalveolar lavage specimen. Of the 11 patients, 8 received voriconazole-based antifungal therapy for a median of 30.5 days. Only two patients survived after antifungal treatment.
Conclusion: These cases illustrate CAPA complicated in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The challenges in diagnosis and poor outcomes of CAPA emphasize the clinical suspicion and needs for further investigation.
Two Cases of Single-fingernail Fungal Leukonychia with
Varying Manifestations
Authors: Lee Su Min , Yun Sook Jung , Lee Jee-Bum
Published: January 2023

Leukonychia is the white discoloration of the nail, and it is a common chromatic abnormality of the nail. Leukonychia can be caused by various systemic conditions; however, a fungal infection is also a probable cause. Herein, we report two cases that presented with varying patterns of single-nail leukonychia and were diagnosed with fungal leukonychia based on potassium hydroxide (KOH) examination and fungal culture. A 59-year-old man presented with asymptomatic complete whitish discoloration of the right fourth fingernail. KOH examination revealed many septate hyphae, and Trichophyton rubrum was identified through fungal culture and 18S rRNA sequencing. A 32-year-old man presented with asymptomatic longitudinal ridges and pitting with partial whitish discoloration of the second left fingernail persistent for 5 years. KOH examination revealed many short hyphae, and Scedosporium species was identified on fungal culture.
Histopathological correlation of transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy in women with postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Gupta Kalpana , Ramanathan Vidya
Published: January 2023

Background: Postmenopausal bleeding is defined as vaginal bleeding occurring after 12 months of amenorrhea. It is a symptom which may have benign or malignant etiology and hence prompt examination is necessary to make a correct diagnosis. This is a prospective interventional study conducted to correlate findings of transvaginal sonography (TVS), hysteroscopy/ versascopy and the final histopathological diagnosis.
Methods: Prospective study was conducted in 100 patients with post-menopausal bleeding. All patients underwent TVS followed by hysteroscopy and guided biopsy, results of which were compared with the gold standard i.e., histopathology.
Results: For diagnosing abnormal histopathology, the overall sensitivity and specificity for TVS was 85.96% and 34.88% respectively whereas it was 70% and 72% respectively for hysteroscopy. For diagnosing malignancy, the sensitivity and specificity of TVS was 91.6% and 25% respectively and was 91.6% and 100% respectively for hysteroscopy. On combining both modalities the sensitivity and specificity increased to 83% and 100% respectively.
Conclusions: TVS can be used as screening modality with cut off endometrial thickness (ET) of 4 mm with good sensitivity. However, specificity is low, hence hysteroscopy followed by endometrial biopsy is recommended as the diagnostic modality in evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding.
A study of feto-maternal outcome in cases of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Patel Tejal L. , Jadav Kruti D.
Published: January 2023

Background: The aim of the study was to determine prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the community, demographic parameters like age at diagnosis, parity, complications related to gestational diabetes mellitus, and plan the management of gestational diabetes mellitus and to reduce the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk factors and fetomaternal outcome in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Methods: In this prospective cross sectional study we included 120 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were studied for fetomaternal outcome. The study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2022 at department of obstetrics and gynecology, B. J. Medical College and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad.
Results: Total 120 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus were studied. It was observed that gestational diabetes mellitus were more common in elderly age group (54.16%), multigravida patients were most commonly involved (48.33%). Past history of gestational diabetes mellitus was present in 39.81% of cases, 68.34% of cases required insulin for glycemic control, 63.34% cases required delivery by Caesarean section, maternal complications like preeclampsia (20 cases), polyhydroamnious (44), uteroplacental insufficiency (10), macrosomia, sudden IUFD (7) and operative delivery were common outcome. 12 neonates developed respiratory distress syndrome, 17 developed hypoglycemia and 26 neonates required NICU admission, 12 neonates underwent perinatal mortality.
Conclusions: Gestational diabetes mellitus has become a global public health burden. Early detection of gestational diabetes mellitus, timely referral, frequent antenatal visits, and management of the identified cases at tertiary care centers can lead to decreased maternal and feral morbidity and mortality.
Pyogenic liver abscess following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure for choledocholithiasis
Authors: Ooi Juin Yeen , Velayutham Ramamoorthy
Published: January 2023

Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a condition in which there is pus accumulation in the liver. It usually develops in the context of portal pyemia, through hematogenous seeding as well as via biliary disease. PLA is a rare, but important complication following biliary instrumentation such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We report a case of a 44-year-old man who initially presented with clinical features of ascending cholangitis. Laboratory investigations revealed leukocytosis as well as hyperbilirubinemia. Diagnosis of choledocholithiasis was then confirmed with an ultrasound examination, showing a 1×1 cm stone in the common bile duct. ERCP was performed and achieved stone clearance. However, the patient returned 1 month later with similar symptoms of right upper quadrant pain, fever and jaundice. Suspecting recurrent choledocholithiasis, an emergency ERCP was performed and showed pooling of radio-opaque contrast in the extra-biliary space. There were also multiple CBD stones seen. An urgent CT Abdomen was done and revealed multiple liver abscesses in bilateral liver lobes, with the largest measuring 4.5x5.9x2.1cm. The patient was treated conservatively with Augmentin and repeat ultrasound at 4 weeks interval showed no residual liver abscess.
Alternative care takers for children of health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic in Kashmir valley: a cross sectional study
Authors: Ahmad Rabia , Farooq Uroosa , Ali Darakshan , Shah Ab Qayoom
Published: January 2023

Background: COVID-19 pandemic forced health care workers to seek alternatives of child care due to strong standard operating procedures (SOPs). Informal child care workers include patrilineal, matrilineal, immediate family members, neighbours, friends and housemaids. The present study tried to explore and highlight the role of Informal child care workers in alternative spaces.
Methods: The present study aimed to reveal new facts about COVD-19 pandemic, its implications in relation to the alternative child care spaces available to the children of health workers in the valley of Kashmir. Total sample size constituted 100 respondents including doctors, Para medicals and other supportive staff chosen through snowball sampling technique. For data collection, a structured questionnaire was constructed and sent to respondents through different social media platforms like Facebook, e-mail ids and WhatsApp.
Results: In the study majority of dual career families especially health workers working as frontline COVID warriors in the valley of Kashmir reported that their children were taken care either by alternative care takers mostly patrilocal or matrilocal family members.
Conclusions: The study reveals that dual career families of Kashmir prefer largely female members as alternative care takers as compared to male members. The immediate family members are the most preferable choice of Alternative care followed by housemaids.
Morphological characteristics of cracks in soil with and without vegetation cover
Authors: Carvalho Ribeiro Filho Jacques , Maia de Andrade Eunice , Makeison Moreira de Sousa Marcos , Bandeira Brasil José , Araújo de Quairoz Palácio Helba
Published: January 2023

An assertive understanding of cracks in expansive soils makes their typification a challenge, especially in field conditions. Seeking to overcome such difficulty, digital images have been used to estimate the fractal geometry of surface cracks in soils with and without vegetation in a semi-arid environment. This study was carried out in a cross-section along the main course of a first-order watershed in the Centro Sul region, Ceará State (Brazil). Two treatments comprised soil with and without vegetation cover. Experimental plots were installed to represent the upper, middle, and lower parts of the watershed studied (vegetated and non-vegetated), with an area of 1 m2 and spaced 2 m apart. The following morphometric characteristics of cracks were monitored and evaluated during 38 days, namely: area, weighted average between crack area and its perimeter, weighted average of the fractal dimension area of the cracks, connectivity between cracks and soil moisture. In the soil with and without vegetation, intensity of cracks in the soil had a significant correlation (p ≤ 0.01) with the perimeter, fractal area and crack connection. The intensity of cracks between covered and uncovered plots showed a significant difference (p ≤ 0.01), only in the lower part of the watershed. The middle stretch had higher sand content and differed statistically from the lower stretch for intensity of cracks in the soil. Vegetation influenced the correlation between cracks intensity and their connection, influencing their morphology in the sandy stretch.
Pattern of custodial deaths: A 5-year retrospective study
Authors: Ninal Nitin S , Riji Vincent T.
Published: January 2023

“Death occurring in some form of custodial detention is commonly known as death in custody, such as police cell or prison”. ‘Right to Life’ implies the duty of state to respect and ensure the right to life of each and every individual within their jurisdiction including the individuals held in custody by law enforcement agencies. Studies across the globe have noticed that most of the custodial deaths are natural. Death of a person in custody is always a matter of concern especially when it is unnatural one. This study was undertaken to know the pattern of custodial deaths in different aspects. Out of total 28 cases autopsied during study period of 5 years 26 (92.86%) individuals were prisoners whereas only 2 (7.14%) belonged to police custody. Among 28 cases 23 (82.14%) deaths were natural and 5 (17.86%) were unnatural deaths. Tuberculosis 7 (25%) was most common culprit among natural deaths. Total 25 (89.28%) were male and only 3 (10.72%) were females among study population and most of the cases 7 (25%) belonged to 51-60yr age group. As far as unnatural deaths are concerned 4 deaths were suicidal and only one case was homicidal.
Even a healthy snacks may snatches a life - A case report
Authors: Ramalingam S  , Veeravijayan A  , Narendar R
Published: January 2023

Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is an emergency condition and may be fatal. This condition is more common in children less than 3 years of age and male children are affected frequently. Among the foreign bodies inhaled, most of them are organic in nature and most commonly were lodged in right bronchus. Here we present a case report of an one and half year old male child who died of respiratory distress and found during autopsy that the cause for respiratory distress was foreign body aspiration.
Knowledge regarding prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis among tuberculosis patient
Authors: Vyas Prabhanshu , Solomon Smriti G.
Published: January 2023

Tuberculosis is a infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculin. The disease primarily affects the lungs and cause pulmonary tuberculosis. It can also affect structure such as Intestine, meanings, bones and joints, lymph gland, skin and others tissue and body parts. The disease also affects animals like cattle; which is known as “bovine tuberculosis” which may also communicate to man. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common form of Tuberculosis, which affect the man.

A quantitative evaluative approach with one group pre-test design was used for the study. The samples consisted of 60 tuberculosis patient selected by Non probability purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by administering a structured knowledge questionnaire by the investigator before and after self-instructional module. Post-test was conducted after 7 days. Data were analysis using descriptive & inferential statistics (Paired‘t’ test, Chi- square test, Karl- Person’s correlation.

The result of this study indicates that there was a significant increase in the post-test knowledge scores compared to pre-test scores of first aid minor ailments of prevention of tuberculosis. The mean knowledge score was observed 1.80 ± 0.40 in the pre-test and after implementation of self-instructional module post-test mean knowledge score was observed with 3.30 ± 0.46. T-test is shows the effectiveness of self-instructional module was -25.66.

State will happened the experiment doesn't make any difference H0 will be no significant difference between pre-test and post test knowledge scores regarding prevention of Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Thus, after the analysis and interpretation of the data, we can conclude that the hypothesis H1 that, “There will be a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test knowledge score regarding prevention of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among tuberculosis patients is being accepted. And the hypothesis H2 “it was found out that the age, gender, educational status, occupation and previous knowledge found to be insignificant at the level of P< 0.05 is being rejected. From the above results, we can conclude that there was a statistically significant effectiveness seen in knowledge of tuberculosis patients. Thus, the intervention “Self- instructional module” was effective in improving the knowledge of tuberculosis patients.
Un laboratorio come il rizoma: conoscenza della salute e del fare in connessioni italo-brasiliane
Authors: Ferla Alcindo Antônio , Nicoli Maria Augusta , Conceição Mirian Ribeiro , Vivoli Vanessa , Marta Brigida Lilia , Sintoni Francesco , Baptista Gabriel Calazans , Martino Ardigò , Ceccim Ricardo Burg
Published: January 2023

La cooperazione internazionale è spesso presentata come un'area di conoscenza in cui alcuni approcci metodologici misurano i flussi e le relazioni di potere per classificarli in tipologie che li descrivono e generano modelli di analisi. Diventa così parte di un'istituzionalità dove la conoscenza e le pratiche delle relazioni internazionali sono predominanti e ad esse subordinate. Si lasciano attraversare da interessi che fissano i confini dei paesi e assegnano valori gerarchici ai cittadini, secondo il loro inserimento nei sistemi produttivi di ogni paese e nella gerarchia dei paesi. In questa pubblicazione e nell'esperienza che ne deriva, questo approccio non è efficace. Al centro della riflessione non vi è assolutamente la divergenza con le conoscenze accumulate nel campo delle relazioni internazionali. Il focus è piuttosto di tipo metodologico. Invece di flussi geografici ed emisferici (nord-sud, sud-sud), abbiamo qui flussi mossi dalla solidarietà, dal lavoro collaborativo e da un concetto di globalità dove le persone (il popolo, ci ha detto Paulo Freire) sono centraliii. I flussi di cooperazione, in questa modalità di esperienze, hanno molteplici direzioni e si muovono continuamente. Non c'è uno schema di direzione fisso. Quando parliamo di questo lavoro e della collaborazione stessa, parliamo del Laboratorio italo-brasiliano di formazione, ricerca e pratiche in materia di salute collettiva. Il nome inizia con "laboratorio" per evidenziare il modo di produrre, che è alchemico, mescolando i componenti di qui, di là e “tra”. I nostri incontri devono essere inventati ogni anno, in quanto ciò che è stato fatto l'anno precedente non risponde più nello stesso modo e si perseguono altre modalità. Così, incorporiamo l’altro in noi.
Examining the factor structure of the teachers’ sense of efficacy scale in the Vietnamese educational context
Authors: Ho Van Thong , Tran Van Dat , Nguyen Van De
Published: January 2023

In recent years, research has focused on the factor structure of the Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES), and the significant effects of teachers’ self-efficacy on both teachers’ outcomes (teachers’ performance, enjoyment of teaching, and commitment to teach), and students’ outcomes (student learning achievements, motivation, and own sense of efficacy. However, current literature shows that very limited research on the factor structure of the TSES for teachers has been conducted in the Vietnamese educational context. Thus, this study explored the factor structure of the 12-item TSES for a group of 395 in-service teachers from 24 high schools in Vietnam. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to explore the possible factor structure of the TSES and confirm the latent structural validity of the TSES model. The results of factorial analysis indicated that the three-factor structure of the original TSES, which included efficacy for instructional practices, efficacy for classroom management, and efficacy for student engagement, was appropriate for high school teachers in Vietnam. The reliability of each of the three sub-scales and the whole scale was satisfactory. The findings suggested that the application of TSES was suitable for Vietnamese in-service teachers to assess their self-efficacy. The study recommended that future studies should examine the factor structure of the TSES for a group of pre-service teachers in Vietnam to compare the experience levels of efficacy beliefs between pre-service and in-service teachers.
New acaricide toxicity on tetranychus urticae koch, selectivity and side effect evaluations on the predatory mite phytoseiulus persimilis athias-henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: Diab Hanan Salah El-Din Taha
Published: January 2023

The novel mode of action and newer pesticides product molecules is a promising component for agriculture management programs. For this argument some acaricide toxicity evaluations were completed on the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in laboratory rearing for two generation under acaricide sublethal effect. Toxicity results showed that chlorfenapyr was the most toxic acaricide for Tetranychus urtica Koch and etoxazole was the lesast and for P. persimilis, etoxazole was the most toxic and fenproxymat was the least. Relative toxicity recorded was higher in etoxazole and fenproxymat (7.916 and 5.058 times) respectively. Selectivity data approved that abamectin was the most selective acaricide and etoxazole was the least (8.24 and 0.268) respectively. Effect on first generation of P. persimilis growth fertility and productivity declined, consequently, R0 and rm values where in LC25 attained values ranged from 0.59 to 0.66 for cyflumetofene and hexythiazox, ri data ranged from 0.29 to 0.36 for fenproxymate and cyflumetofene and R0 ranged from 0.53 to 6.0 for cyflumetofene and hexythiazox respectively. But in the second generation similar results attained because declined toxicity where rm in LC25 was from 0.93 and 1.13 for fenproxymat and etoxazole and in LC50 was 0.90 and 1.18 for cyflumetofene and hexythiazox respectively. A high effect on No of eggs /female/day produced, shortened in total time of the generation at LC50 level of treatment more than LC25, and sex ratio resulted more male number emerged than female. The high acaricide concentrations used can kill more T.urtica than P.persimilis.
Artificial intelligence in cardiology: did it take off?
Authors: Yeo K. K.
Published: January 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been touted as a paradigm shifting, game-changing development in medicine. Did AI in cardiology take off? In this paper, we discuss some areas within cardiology in which there has some been progress in the implementation of AI technologies. Despite the promise of AI, challenges remain including cybersecurity, implementation and change management difficulties. This paper discusses the use of AI embedded as a ‘black box’ technology in existing diagnostic and interventional tools, AI as an adjunct to diagnostic tools such as echo or CT or MRI scans, AI in commercially available wearables, and AI in chatbots and other patient-fronting technologies. Lastly, while there has been some progress, the legal, regulatory, financial and ethical framework remains a work in evolution at national and international levels.
Explanation models as a component of the intelligent computer-aided diagnosis systems in medicine: a brief review
Authors: Utkin L. V. , Krylova J. Y. , Konstantinov A. V.
Published: January 2023

The paper considers the most important and effective approaches and models for explaining and interpreting diagnostic results obtained using intelligent computer-aided diagnosis systems. The need to use them is due to the fact that the intelligent computer-aided diagnosis system itself is a “black box” and it is important for the doctor not only to get the patient’s diagnosis, but also to understand why such a diagnosis is stated, what elements of the patient information are the most significant from the point of view of the diagnosis. Reviews of the main approaches to explain predictions of machine learning models applied to general areas as well as to medicine are presented. It is shown how different types of the initial patient information impact on the choice of explanation models. Models are considered when visual or tabular information is available. Example-based explanation models are also studied. The purpose of the work is to review the main explanation models and their dependence on types of information about the patient.
100 years of vitamin D. The impact of vitamin D level in the time of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Golovatyuk K. A. , Mikhailova A. A. , Lagutina D. I. , Chernikova A. T. , Karonova T. L.
Published: January 2023

The year 2022 marks the 100th anniversary of the vitamin D discovery, however, vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency is globally widespread both in Russia and around the world. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic poses a serious challenge to global health. To date, more and more evidence is emerging to consider vitamin D deficiency as a modifiable COVID-19 severe course risk factor. Current review presents possible mechanisms behind the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D, as well as shows the relationship between the vitamin D level and the course of COVID-19. In addition, the therapeutic potential of cholecalciferol supplementation to standard therapy for COVID-19 is being discussed.
Development of capsulated autoprobiotics based on Lactobacillus spp. and Enterococcus spp.
Authors: Tsapieva A. N. , Morozova A. O. , Karaseva A. B. , Novikova N. S. , Suvorov A. N.
Published: January 2023

In order to expand the range of autoprobiotic release forms, increase consumer attractiveness, prolongate product’s shelf life and transportation possibilities, a protocol for obtaining an encapsulated form of autoprobiotics was developed. Tests were carried out on encapsulated forms of indigenous bacteria in order to assess the viability of bacterial cells after lyophilization and storage under various conditions. The effect of various cryoprotectants on the lyophilized Lactobacillus spp. and Enterococcus spp. cells viability was studied. The results obtained showed that the use of 10 % sucrose and 1 % gelatin as part of a protective medium retains the original properties of bacterial strains, contributing to their survival during cryopreservation and lyophilization. The most favorable storage conditions and expiration dates for encapsulated autoprobiotics based on Lactobacillus spp. and Enterococcus spp. were determined.
Differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases by endoscopic ultrasound
Authors: Budzinskaya Anastasiya A. , Belousova Elena A. , Orlova Larisa P. , Vakurova Elena S.
Published: January 2023

Rationale: At present, there is no established standard for the differential diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Five to 15% of the patients have clinical, endoscopic, morphological, and radiological signs both of UC and CD and are therefore diagnosed with indeterminate colitis. However, the timely and correct diagnosis is essential for the choice of treatment strategy.
Aim: To evaluate the potential of endoscopic ultrasound examination (EUS) for the differential diagnosis of UC and CD and to identify the most pathognomonic criteria for each of the disorders.
Materials and methods: This was a prospective single center controlled study including 50 in-patients who were treated in the Department of Gastroenterology for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exacerbation. The inclusion criteria were an established diagnosis of IBD, absence of strictures, colon tumors, and infectious diseases. The control group consisted of 15 patients without IBD. In all patients, colon EUS with a radial ultrasound sensor and measurement of the intestinal wall thickness, assessment of the degree of intestinal wall vascularization by color Doppler mapping and measurement of the wall density by compression elastography were performed.
Results: From 50 patients of the study group, 28 (16 men and 12 women aged 18 to 49 years) had CD of the colon and 22 (8 men and 14 women aged 22 to 60 years) had total UC. In CD, the colon wall thickness was 2-fold higher than in the control group (5.66 0.36 vs 2.62 0.11; р 0.001) and 1.5-fold higher than in the UC patients (5.66 0.36 vs 3.96 0.13; p = 0.002). In UC, the intestinal wall was thickened mainly due to its mucosal and submucosal layers (in 82% of the cases, р 0.001 compared to that in the CD patients; diagnostic sensitivity 82%, specificity 93%). In CD, transmural thickening of the intestinal wall was more common (in 68% of the cases, p 0.001 compared to that in UC; sensitivity 68%, specificity 91%), as differentiation of the intestinal wall layers was absent (in 68% of the cases, p 0.001 compared to UC, sensitivity 68%, specificity 100%). The intestinal wall in most cases of UC was less well vascularized that in the control group (54.6% of the cases, p 0.001), whereas in CD, on the contrary, the vascularization was increased (71.4% of the cases, р 0.001); the sensitivity and specificity of this parameter being 54.6 and 82%, for UC vs 71.4 and 77.3% for CD, respectively). Compression elastometry showed that in CD, type 2 staining (E. Ueno classification) was more frequent (45%) compared to UC (22%) and the control group (6%; p = 0.002), which indicates a more dense structure of the intestinal wall in CD patients.
Conclusion: The differences in the intestinal wall structure (its thickness, density and degree of vascularization) identified by EUS UC and CD can be the differential diagnostic criteria between these diseases.
Exploring physical sciences learners’ graphical interpretation of rate and extent of reaction graphs
Authors: Chinaka Taurayi Willard , Qwabe Zanele Mary-Jane
Published: January 2023

Graphs are very important in all areas of science, and they are an essential part of tertiary, high school, and primary school learning, worldwide. A solid understanding of graphical interpretation is essential for understanding today's world and becoming scientifically literate. The aim of this study was to explore grade 12 learners’ graphical interpretation of the rate and extent of reaction topic. A mixed-method methodology was adopted for this study. A purposive sampling technique was used to sample participants from the accessible population in King Cetshwayo District KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa. One-hundred and forty-six (146) grade 12 Physical Sciences learners formed the sample. A validated two-tier diagnostic questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS version 25 and inductive coding was used to qualitative data. The Johnstone triangle and the Peircean semiotic modes were employed as the theoretical framework. The findings indicated that learners rely on definitions to interpret graphs. Most of the learners failed to interpret the salient features of the graphs. The findings of this study are diagnostic, and they assist module designers and educators in determining challenges learners face when interpreting graphs in chemistry. Implications for instructional approaches particular to the rate of reaction graphs are discussed. Further studies are needed on instructional practices and their effect on students’ ability to interpret rate and extent of reaction graphs.
Keywords: Graphical interpretation; rate and extent of reaction; Johnstone triangle
The biomechanics form and its application to assess student’s physical skills
Authors: Syaukani Agam Akhmad , Sistiasih Vera Septi , Indarto Pungki , Subekti Nur
Published: January 2023

One of the intended learning outcomes of Physical Education (PE) is for students to develop physical skills. Biomechanics can be used as a discipline to measure the level of physical skill. This study aimed to develop an assessment form to measure the level of physical skill. The movement principle of biomechanics was incorporated into an observation checklist form. The form is meant to help Physical Education Teachers (PET) qualitatively analyze students' physical skills using biomechanics. This study aligns with research and development model which conducted in three phases: need-analysis, development, and model efficiency test. The form was built with two main components: physical skill and biomechanical principles. Physical skill is related to standard movement patterns for a given sporting skill. The biomechanical principle lays the foundation for all movements. This research uses a qualitative approach. A total of 120 PET from 120 secondary schools were involved as subjects in this study. Interviews, observation, and questionnaire were used to collect the data. This research yielded the following result, first, there are problems with integrating biomechanics into an assessment of physical skill. Second, a biomechanics form is developed in the checklist-style observation form to help PET evaluate their students’ learning outcomes. Third, biomechanics form was practical to be used as a learning assessment tool because it met the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness.
Keywords: biomechanics assessment; observation checklist; physical education, physical skills
Multicultural education for strengthening harmony in diversity
Authors: Rohmat Rohmat , Sutiyono Agus , Tri Hani Tri Hani , Adun Priyanto Adun Priyanto
Published: January 2023

The multicultural era requires habituative awareness of diversity in schools as a praxis of multicultural education to instill awareness of diversity. This study aims to obtain a model of implementation of multicultural education in building harmony in diversity in schools. The research method uses qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection techniques use active-participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation.The results showed that the curriculum is integrated with the values of humanism and pluralism, its implementation is designed with social action programs. The next implementation goes through stages: prejudice reduction, content integration, equality paedagogy, and empowering school culture and social structure. This research contributes to the implementation of multiculrural education in schools, and is very urgent to be carried out in schools in line with the digital era of multicultural mixing globally.
Keywords: Education, multiculturalism, values, harmony, diversity