bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Schwannoma of Oropharynx: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Nemade Hemantkumar Onkar , Jaiswal Subbalaxmi Atmaram , Borade Vidhyadhar Rudrappa
Published: July 2019

Schwannomas are slow growing, encapsulated, solitary, benign tumors. They can arise from any myelinated nerve as they are tumors of neural sheath Schwann cells. Schwannoma seen in head and neck region are most commonly found in tongue, floor of mouth but rarely in oropharynx and tonsils. They are usually asymptomatic and rarely undergo malignant transformation. Schwannomas are considered radioresistant and recure less frequently after complete excision. Hence, complete surgical excision is treatment of choice. We are presenting a case of elderly female with oropharyngeal schwannoma completely extirpated transorally by dissection method by cold instruments. Due to rarity of presentation the surgical approach to this lesion is not well established. Following surgery the raw area created was well epithelized and patient relieved symptoms without significant morbidity. We conclude that this is a cost-effective and simple approach for management of other similar cases in future.

How to cite this article

Nemade HO, Jaiswal SA, Borade VR. Schwannoma of Oropharynx: A Rare Presentation. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(2):104-106.
An Ingested Foreign Body Presenting in Subcutaneous Plane on the Chest: A Rare Case
Authors: Shaikh Mohsin Ahmed Abdul Nabi , Mahuvakar Ankit Dilip , Gujrathi Atish Balajirao , Ambulgekar Vijayalaxmi Kishanrao
Published: July 2019

Migration of an ingested foreign body into subcutaneous plane is a very rare event. Most common migrating foreign bodies reported in literature are fish bones. We present a rare case of ingested foreign body, a ball point refill, which migrated and presented in the subcutaneous plane on the chest.

How to cite this article

Shaikh MAAN, Mahuvakar AD, Gujrathi AB, Ambulgekar VK. An Ingested Foreign Body Presenting in Subcutaneous Plane on the Chest: A Rare Case. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(2):107-108.
A Series of Two Cases of Intraoral Malignancies in Patients with Xeroderma Pigmentosa
Authors: Mahuvakar Ankit Dilip , Ambulgekar Vijayalaxmi Kishanrao , Meshram Darshan Premdas , Nabi Shaikh Mohsin Ahmed Abdul , Sammer Mohammad A
Published: July 2019

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by an increased frequency of skin cancer following minimal sunlight exposure.

Multiple basal cell carcinomas and other skin malignancies frequently occur at a young age in those with XP. In fact, metastatic malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the two most common causes of death in XP victims.

This series represent rare presentations of malignancies in non-sun-exposed areas in such patients.

How to cite this article

Mahuvakar AD, Meshram DP, Nabi SMAA, Ambulgekar VK, Sammer MA. A Series of Two Cases of Intraoral Malignancies in Patients with Xeroderma Pigmentosa. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(2):111-114.
Suprastructure Maxillary Swing for JNA: A Novel Approach to avoid Complication
Authors: Yadav Vishav , Singh Chirom A , Hota Ashutosh , Gupta Madan P , Jat Bhinyaram
Published: July 2019

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a highly vascular tumor in which surgical excision is the main treatment modality. Wide exposure of the surgical field helps in complete surgical excision by subperiosteal dissection with a good vascular control. Conventional maxillary swing is a suitable approach for tumor with lateral extension. Palatal fistula is the major drawback of this approach. To avoid this complication, suprastructure maxillary swing is a suitable approach in which only the suprastructure of the maxilla needs to be swung instead of whole of the maxilla. The palatal cuts and lip split can be avoided with very little compromise in exposure.

How to cite this article

Singh CA, Hota A, Gupta MP, Yadav V, Jat B. Suprastructure Maxillary Swing for JNA: A Novel Approach to avoid Complication. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(1):26-28.
Schwannoma of Posterior Pharyngeal Wall: An Unusual Tumor in an Unusual Location!
Authors: Ashish Gaurav , Parmar Harshad , Mathew George A
Published: July 2019

Schwannomas of head and neck are classically located in the parapharyngeal space; however, it is rarely located on the posterior pharyngeal wall. Posterior pharyngeal wall schwannomas are thought to originate from the sympathetic nerve plexus. Clinically, this may present as an asymptomatic mass with a constellation of symptoms ranging from globus sensation, dysphagia, to even airway compromise.

We present a rare case of posterior wall schwannoma. It concerns a young woman with a mass in the posterior wall of the pharynx causing globus sensation.

How to cite this article

Ashish G, Mathew GA, Parmar H. Schwannoma of Posterior Pharyngeal Wall: An Unusual Tumor in an Unusual Location! Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(1):35-37.
Glossal Abscess: An Unusual Presentation
Authors: Goyal Shikha , Karjodkar Freny , Sansare Kaustubh , Prakash Nimish , Mishra Isha , Dora Amaresh
Published: July 2019

Tongue is an organ, i.e., constantly exposed to microbes and likelihood of trauma, yet does not usually show a predilection for developing an abscess. Cases of acute lingual swelling due to an abscess are unusual; hemorrhage, infarction, edema, and tumor being the commonly responsible etiologies. Herein, we report a case of glossal abscess that was chronic in nature (2 months’ duration), presenting with uncharacteristic symptoms and no remission on taking antibiotics. In the absence of typical signs, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provided an invaluable and accurate diagnosis, which allowed proper treatment to be rendered.

How to cite this article

Mishra I, Karjodkar F, Sansare K, Prakash N, Dora A, Goyal S. Glossal Abscess: An Unusual Presentation. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(1):41-44.
Effectiveness of Oral Antihistamines and Intranasal Steroid Spray in relieving Ocular Symptoms in Allergic Rhinitis using Total Ocular Symptom Score
Authors: Singh Namit K , Nagpure Prakash S , Yadav Manish K , Chavan Shushil , Manpe Shraddha , Ganeshkar Ravi
Published: July 2019

Ocular symptoms in allergic rhinitis are often overlooked, but they have a significant impact on the quality of life of an individual.

Materials and methods

A randomized controlled trial was conducted from August 2012 to July 2013; a total of 153 cases were considered and divided into two groups. Group A received levocetirizine, and group B received mometasone furoate nasal spray.

Aims and objectives

The aims and objectives of this study were to determine the total ocular symptom score (TOSS) according to the severity of allergic rhinitis, determine the TOSS before medication, and determine the effectiveness of antihistamines (levocetirizine) and intranasal corticosteroid spray (mometasone furoate).

Results

The results indicate average TOSS to be in intermittent mild (51.32), intermittent moderate to severe (55.86), persistent mild (44.50), and persistent moderate to severe (52.02). Chi-square test to compare the relief between groups A and B did not show any statistical significance after 1st (p = 0.8951) and 4th weeks (p = 0.9758) of follow-up.

How to cite this article

Singh NK, Nagpure PS, Yadav MK, Chavan S, Manpe S, Ganeshkar R. Effectiveness of Oral Antihistamines and Intranasal Steroid Spray in relieving Ocular Symptoms in Allergic Rhinitis using Total Ocular Symptom Score. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(2):45-50.
Küttner's Tumor of the Submandibular Gland: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chandrasekharan Ramanathan , Ashish Gaurav , Koshy Lisa , Paul Roshna R
Published: July 2019

Küttner's tumor (KT) remains an underdiagnosed medical identity and is often confused as a malignancy or a metastatic lymph node. It is a benign identity involving the salivary glands and is also known as chronic sclerosing sialadenitis (CSS). Histopathological examination of these tumors demonstrates features of chronic inflammation and fibrosis. We report a case of KT of the left submandibular gland in view of developing insights about diagnosing and managing this rare clinical entity.

How to cite this article

Ashish G, Chandrasekharan R, Koshy L, Paul RR. Kuttner's Tumor of the Submandibular Gland: A Rare Case Report. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(3):106-108.
Mastoid Bone involved by Pleomorphic Adenoma
Authors: Parida Pradipta K
Published: July 2019

Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor of the salivary glands, most commonly affecting the parotid gland. Pleomorphic adenoma of the ear is rare. The use of imaging modalities, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is particularly useful in localizing and surgical planning of these tumors. We present a case of pleomorphic adenoma invading the mastoid cortical bone, with review of literature.

How to cite this article

Vamanshankar H, Parida PK. Mastoid Bone involved by Pleomorphic Adenoma. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(3):111-112.
Factors predicting Success of Vaginal Birth after Cesarean Section
Authors: Singh Uma , Verma Manju L , Nisha S , Sankhwar Pushpa L , Qureshi Sabuhi
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this article is to study the various factors that can predict the success of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) section.

Materials and methods

A retrospective cohort study of deliveries was conducted from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2014 by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in our hospital. Patients with previous low transverse cesarean section who had undergone a trial of labor were identified. Maternal inpatient and prenatal records were reviewed in all eligible subjects. During labor, uterine activity and fetal heart rate were monitored. When indicated, oxytocin or prostaglandin E2 was used for induction of labor according to Bishop score. Emergency cesarean delivery was considered in cases with the appearance of scar tenderness, fetal distress, nonprogress of labor, and deep transverse arrest.

Results

A total of 200 women were eligible for VBAC, but after written informed consent, 131 (65.5%) subjects were given trial of labor at term after one prior cesarean delivery among 3,604 deliveries while 69 (34.5%) subjects opted for elective repeat cesarean section. The overall VBAC success rate was 63.3% (76 of 120) in our study. History of spontaneous labor (p = 0.042) and history of previous vaginal delivery (p = 0.038) were found to be significantly associated with increased chance of success of VBAC, and lesser interdelivery interval was not found to be associated with decreased success rate (p = 0.096). Neither indication of previous cesarean nor birth weight of newborn (>3 kg) was found to be related to the success of VBAC.

Conclusion

Vaginal birth after cesarean section is a safe practice as long as it is offered with a proper selection of candidates with factors having a high success rate. Physicians need to be aware of factors having a good outcome before counseling mothers so that failure rates decrease and successful VBAC is increased.

How to cite this article

Verma ML, Nisha S, Singh U, Sankhwar PL, Qureshi S. Factors predicting Success of Vaginal Birth after Cesarean Section. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(3):198-201.
Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor Associated with Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Baser Archana , Zaidi Alia K , Sanghvi Nikita
Published: July 2019

Adult granulosa cell tumors account for approximately 1 and 2% of all ovarian tumors and 95% of all granulosa cell tumors. They occur more often in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women, with a peak incidence between 50 and 55 years of age. They are the most common estrogenic ovarian tumors diagnosed clinically. The typical endometrial reaction associated with functional tumors in this category is simple hyperplasia that usually exhibits some degree of precancerous atypicality. The incidence of associated endometrial carcinomas is under 5%, and most of these endometrial cancers are well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinomas that carry a good prognosis when detected early. We report the case of a 85-year-old woman with endometrial adenocarcinoma and adult granulose cell tumor of the ovary who presented with postmenopausal bleeding and adnexal mass. She underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, infracolic omentectomy, and pelvic lymphadenectomy, and the specimen was submitted for histopathological examination. She had a good postoperative recovery and was discharged 5 days after treatment. The association between adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary and endometrial carcinomas is rare. A high index of suspicion and good imaging and histopathologic analyses are important in making this diagnosis.

How to cite this article

Baser A, Zaidi AK, Sanghvi N. Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor Associated with Endometrial Carcinoma. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(3):246-248.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Contraception among Pregnant Women in Ende District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Santoso Budi I , Surya Raymond
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Indonesia has the fourth largest population in the world with 255.7 million people and a rate of birth of 21 per 1,000 population. There is also a high rate of unmet need and total fertility rate (TFR), which can potentially lead to unwanted pregnancies, consequently increasing the maternal mortality rate (MMR). Thus, family planning program through postpartum contraceptive use is one of the efforts to reduce the MMR and TFR. This study is conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of contraception among pregnant women in Ende district.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out at three primary health centers in the main district of Ende from July to August 2015. A total of 305 pregnant women who completed questionnaires assessing their KAP of contraception were enrolled in this study. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23.0 for Windows with Pearson or Spearman correlation tests.

Results

In this study, 86.53% of pregnant women were aware of family planning methods, among which the best known was injection (63.97%). Most respondents obtained information from health professionals (63.30%). More than half of the respondents agreed that contraception was beneficial and would recommend it to their families. The most prevalent reason for not wanting to use contraception in the future was the desire to have a child (44.59%). The total knowledge score was correlated with attitude and practice scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

More than half of respondents knew, agreed, and would like to recommend contraception. Primary health care providers play a major role in improving women's knowledge of family planning. To support the success of family planning, the government should emphasize on family planning education. In particular, there appears to be need for counseling about family planning for pregnant women.

How to cite this article

Santoso BI, Surya R. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Contraception among Pregnant Women in Ende District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):104-112.
Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Guidelines for the use of Obstetrical Ultrasound
Authors: Mandruzzato Giampaolo
Published: July 2019

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a major problem in perinatal medicine. It is the second cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity after prematurity and the two conditions are frequently associated. The principal cause of the poor perinatal outcome is represented by the chronic fetal hypoxemia (FCH) that occurs in 30 to 35% of IUGR fetuses. In order to improve significantly the clinical outcome a timely recognition and a proper management is fundamental. Today the method of choice for monitoring the fetal growth and detect any deviation is represented by serial fetal ulrtasound biometry. After suspicion or recogntion of fetal growth restriction it is necessary to assess the characteristics of the maternal-fetal exchanges in order to detedct or exlude the presence of chronic fetal hypoxemia.

How to cite this article

Mandruzzato G. Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Guidelines for the use of Obstetrical Ultrasound. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(3):350-351
Innovative Replication and Recuperation of Complex Torus Palatinus: A Prosthodontic Case Report
Authors: Rajeev Vini , Arunachalam Rajeev
Published: July 2019

The prevalence and morphological appearance of torus palatinus has been well documented in the literature. However, adequate literature regarding the precise impression technique and rehabilitation of edentulous maxillary arch with torus is less. Intraoral growths present challenges when trying to capture exact details for impressions starting from the primary to the final stage since the complete seating of conventional impression trays is not possible. In addition, the ability to withstand occlusal loading is compromised as the mucosa tends to be thin. As the extensions of these bony growths can vary, the design of the prosthesis should be optimal to give adequate retention and stability to the prosthesis. Although customized disposable trays are available, they are not cost effective and involve a complex armamentarium. This case report presents a modified impression technique where optimal accuracy was achieved with a design framework having better retention and stability of the final prosthesis.

How to cite this article

Rajeev V, Arunachalam R. Innovative Replication and Recuperation of Complex Torus Palatinus: A Prosthodontic Case Report. World J Dent 2016;7(4):208-212.
Esthetic Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation of Patient with Central Incisor Agenesis
Authors: Mascarenhas Vinicius I , Leandrin Thaís P , Lorenzetti Camila C , de Castro Camila L , Saad Jose RC
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this case report was to restore the esthetic smile of a patient with agenesis of maxillary right central incisor, while discussing the most important topics in a multidisciplinary approach.

Background

Due to the absence or loss of some teeth in the anterior region, it becomes a challenge in oral rehabilitation. Restoration of function and esthetics may require a multidisciplinary treatment that can start with periodontal, orthodontic, surgical, implantology, or restorative evaluation.

Case report

A 28-year-old patient with agenesis of the maxillary right central incisor was looking to improve the esthetics of his smile. The patient had right superior lateral incisor positioned in place of the central and the canine in the position corresponding to the lateral incisor, which compromised the dental and gingival esthetics. After analyses and digital smile design (DSD), surgeries for gingival smile correction, gingivectomy (teeth 12, 14, and 15), and gingival tissue grafts (tooth 13) were made. After a period of 2 months, preparations were made on teeth 12, 13, and 14 for ceramic laminates following the initial DSD. After 1 year of cementation, maintenance and stability of gingival margin, as well as the integrity of laminate ceramic were observed.

Conclusion

In conclusion, a correct prior planning of esthetic rehabilitation is the best way to achieve excellent results to meet the needs and objectives of each patient. Often, a multidisciplinary treatment involving surgical and restorative procedures should be taken into consideration, with the appropriate choice of techniques and materials to be used.

Clinical significance

The treatment performed on the patient allowed the esthetic improvement of gingival architecture and installation of ceramic restorations with function and esthetics similar to natural teeth.

How to cite this article

Mascarenhas VI, Leandrin TP, Lorenzetti CC, de Castro CL, Saad JRC. Esthetic Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation of Patient with Central Incisor Agenesis. World J Dent 2018;9(1):43-47.
Staged Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach in the Management of Glandular Odontogenic Cyst
Authors: Kumari Karuna , Vineeth Kumar , Lalitha RM , Abraham Marin
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of the study was to report a unique case of glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) in an unusual location of anterior maxilla.

Materials and methods

Considering the age, sex, and location of the lesion, a minimally invasive surgical procedure was opted considering esthetics, such as decompression followed by enucleation and fresh frozen bone (FFB) grafting. To arrive at the diagnosis, cytokeratin (CK)-19 was employed to differentiate from suspected intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Results

With the evidence of pre- and post treatment histopathological changes, the lesion appeared less aggressive justifying the treatment executed.

Conclusion

Glandular odontogenic cyst is a locally aggressive jaw cyst, which has a high rate of cortical perforation and recurrence that poses both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Clinical significance

Treatment of decompression, followed by enucleation may be considered as an effective option in comparison to aggressive surgical intervention.

How to cite this article

Kumari K, Sowmya SV, Vineeth K, Rao RS, Lalitha RM, Augustine D, Haragannavar VC, Nambiar S, Abraham M. Staged Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach in the Management of Glandular Odontogenic Cyst. World J Dent 2018;9(1):48-52.
Implication of ABO Blood Type on Ovarian Reserve in Indian Women
Authors: Chandana C , Shankarappa C
Published: July 2019

Background

To explore the association between ABO blood type and ovarian reserve, as reflected by early follicular phase follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels.

Materials and methods

In this cross-sectional observational study, early follicular phase (day 3) serum levels of FSH (IU/L) and information on blood types (O, A, B, AB), patient age, and body mass index (BMI) were collected from 300 female patients, who were undergoing fertility evaluation at Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre (VIMS & RC), Bengaluru. Serum FSH > 10 IU/L was taken as a measure of decreased ovarian reserve (DOR). Data distribution for FSH, age, BMI were analyzed and nonparametric tests were used for comparison across blood groups. Pearson's correlation test was used to determine the relationship between elevated FSH and blood types after adjusting for age and BMI.

Results

Proportions of blood types O, A, B, and AB were 42, 24.3, 28.7, and 5% respectively. Mean age (years) and BMI (kg/m2) among study group were 34.08 ± 3.48 and 24.34 ± 2.56 respectively. Out of 300 women, 240 women had serum FSH < 10 IU/L and 60 women had serum FSH > 10 IU/L. Women with blood type “O” (32 out of 60) were twice as likely to exhibit FSH > 10 IU/L (p = 0.02) compared to “A” and “B” blood type.

Conclusion

Our results have shown that there is an association between ABO blood type and DOR among Indian women. Blood group “O” appears to be associated with DOR that is independent of advancing age and BMI.

How to cite this article

Chandana C, Shankarappa C. Implication of ABO Blood Type on Ovarian Reserve in Indian Women. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(2):49-51.
Uterus Transplantation: An Update and Preparations for Introduction in India
Authors: Dahm-Kähler P , Brännström Mats
Published: July 2019

The clinical field of composite tissue transplantation now also includes uterus transplantation (UTx), a new type of quality-oflife enhancing and in this case also life-giving transplantation. The purpose of UTx is to enable live birth from a woman who lacks uterus or in a woman who has a defective uterus.

How to cite this article

Rao KA, Dahm-Kähler P, Brännström M. Uterus Transplantation: An Update and Preparations for Introduction in India. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(2):61-67.
Endodontic Management of a Mandibular Canine with Two Roots using Cone Beam Computed Tomography as a Diagnostic Aid
Authors: Ahmed Hina , Singh Mahendra P , Singh Gautam
Published: July 2019

Knowledge of anatomic variations is essential for endodontic success, which is related to a thorough debridement of the root canal system. About 2% of mandibular canines presented with one root and two canals, and of that, 1% had two roots and two canals. This case report presents a rare case of a mandibular canine with two roots and its endodontic management. The missed second root of mandibular canine was identified by cone beam computed tomography and was subjected to sound endodontic therapy and restored to proper function and esthetics.

How to cite this article

Ahmed H, Singh MP, Singh G. Endodontic Management of a Mandibular Canine with Two Roots using Cone Beam Computed Tomography as a Diagnostic Aid. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(4):102-105.
Surgical Management of Severe Case of Laryngomalacia
Authors: Mahore Devendra Meghraj , Kadam Sudhir , Rane Sachin Vasant , Paikrao Yogesh
Published: July 2019

Incidence of congenital laryngeal anomalies is between 1:10,000 and 1:50,000 births. Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of congenital stridor, characterized by partial or complete collapse of the supraglottic structures during inspiration. Patient was having inspiratory stridor at birth or immediately after birth. No active intervention is required in 90% of cases. So we are reporting this rare case that required active intervention and will also show how we managed it.

How to cite this article

Mahore D, Kadam S, Rane SV, Paikrao Y. Surgical Management of Severe Case of Laryngomalacia. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2016;6(1):47-48.
Establishing the Cephalometric Values for Tetragon Analysis in Patients with Class I Occlusion: A Cephalometric Study
Authors: Gupta Nishant , Gupta Gunjan , Umasankar K , Sundari KK Shantha
Published: July 2019

Objectives

Proper application of the cephalometric norms for tetragon analysis for better understanding, diagnosis, and management of dentofacial deformities in the ethnic population.

Materials and methods

A total of 204 subjects, inclusive of males (102) and females (102), were selected randomly from the outpatient department of Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, in the age group ranging from 18 to 25 years, fulfilling the inclusion criteria.

Assessment of each lateral cephalogram was done using tetragon analysis to evaluate the cephalometric values for individuals with class I occlusion using the FACAD® 3.4.0.3 A software.

Results

Statistically significant differences were found for all parameters between the ethnic population and the Caucasian norms. Four out of 14 parameters were found to be significantly different between male and female in the ethnic population.

Conclusion

This study indicates that the local ethnic population have more prognathic maxillary and mandibular jaws, converging tendency of the jaw bases (resulting in reduced lower anterior facial height and horizontal growth pattern) as indicated by the analysis done in the tetragon and the trigon, and increased proclination of the upper and lower incisors.

How to cite this article

Gupta N, Gupta G, Umasankar K, Sundari KKS. Establishing the Cephalometric Values for Tetragon Analysis in Patients with Class I Occlusion: A Cephalometric Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):597-600.
Post-LASIK Keratoectasia Developing with Sleep Apnea and Floppy Eyelid Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Avni-Zauberman Noa , Rootman David S
Published: July 2019

We report a case of unilateral keratoectasia in a patient who underwent uneventful hyperopic LASIK 8 years prior and was diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and Floppy eyelid syndrome. The before and after LASIK topographies demonstrated clear development of the ectasia after the patient developed OSAS. The patient was treated with collagen cross- linking in the involved eye to stop ectatic progression. Our report emphasizes the importance of inquiring about the patient's sleeping postures and habits (specifically asking about OSAS) and a careful examination of eyelid laxity prior to refractive laser treatment.

How to cite this article

Zauberman NA, Rootman DS. Post- LASIK Keratoectasia Developing with Sleep Apnea and Floppy Eyelid Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(1):44-46.
Collagen Cross-linking for the Treatment of Keratoconus in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Castillo Jamyl Habib , Tiosano Beatrice , Hanna Rana , Berkwitz Eran
Published: July 2019

Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral noninflammatory, ectatic corneal disorder. It is the most common primary ectasia affecting approximately 1 in 2,000 in the general population. Classically, the disease starts in puberty and progresses throughout the 3rd or 4th decades of life. Ocular signs and symptoms vary depending on disease severity. As the disease progresses, approximately 20% of KC eyes require penetrating keratoplasty. Collagen cross-linking (CXL) with ultraviolet-A (UVA) light and riboflavin is a new treatment that has emerged in the recent years. It is reported to slow the progression of the disease in its early stages, by increasing corneal rigidity and biomechanical stability. As the number of adult KC patients treated using this procedure grew, proving its safety and high efficacy, the pediatric KC patients population has started to receive special attention. In the pediatric KC patients’ eyes, corneas have been shown to be significantly steeper at the time of diagnosis compared to adults, and the severity of KC seems inversely correlated with age. Since treating KC in earlier age may be beneficiary, before developing an advanced disease that may require corneal transplantation, CXL in the pediatric age group has been advocated by many practitioners. The aim of this review is to collect and consolidate all known data regarding the efficacy and safety of CXL in the pediatric population.

How to cite this article

Hanna R, Berkwitz E, Castillo JH, Tiosano B. Collagen Cross-linking for the Treatment of Keratoconus in Pediatric Patients. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2015;4(3):94-99.
Abnormal Regulation of Extracellular Matrix and Adhesion Molecules in Corneas of Patients with Keratoconus
Authors: Bykhovskaya Yelena , Gromova Anastasia , Makarenkova Helen P , Rabinowitz Yaron S
Published: July 2019

Aim

To identify changes in the expression of genes coding for extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in patients with noninflammatory corneal disorder keratoconus (KC), patients with corneal scarring, and normal controls.

Materials and methods

Total ribonucleic acid extracted from corneal tissue of 13 KC patients, 2 patients with corneal scaring, and 4 normal controls was analyzed using Human Extracellular Matrix & Adhesion Molecules Profiler Polymerase Chain Reaction Array. Statistically significant changes in gene expression were identified using the Data Analysis software.

Results

Comparison of KC and control corneas with thresholds of 1.5 or greater fold change and a p-value of 0.05 or lower revealed 21 differentially expressed genes: 16 genes were downregulated and 5 were upregulated. Among transcripts downregulated in KC patients, we identified thrombospondin 1, disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 1, secreted phosphoprotein 1, several collagens, and integrins. We found transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI or BIGH3) gene was the most significantly upregulated transcript.

Conclusion

The development of KC results in deregulation of gene expression of ECM and adhesion molecules.

Clinical significance

Downregulation of collagens and upregulation of TGFBI repeatedly identified in KC patients may be used as clinical markers of the disease.

How to cite this article

Bykhovskaya Y, Gromova A, Makarenkova HP, Rabinowitz YS. Abnormal Regulation of Extracellular Matrix and Adhesion Molecules in Corneas of Patients with Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2016;5(2):63-70.
Simultaneous Topography-guided Surface Ablation with Collagen Cross-linking for Keratoconus
Authors: Kaiserman Igor , Karmona Lily , Sela Tzahi , Franco Oz , Shoshani Avi , Munzer Gur
Published: July 2019

Purpose

In this article, we present the results of eight eyes of patients who underwent combined same-day partial topography-guided surface ablation followed by accelerated collagen cross-linking (CXL) procedure at Care-Vision Laser Centers to achieve stabilization of corneal ectasia and enhance visual rehabilitation in keratoconus.

Materials and methods

A retrospective nonrandomized review of 8 eyes of 6 patients who underwent the Athens Protocol for progressive keratoconus. Each patient underwent topography-guided ablation followed by CXL procedure.

Follow-up

Follow-up was done on day 1, day 7, and then at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.

Results

There was a rapid and significant improvement in uncorrected visual acuity and best-corrected visual acuity in 100% eyes, a reduction of keratometric values, and symmetry between vertical hemimeridians. Topographic evaluation showed a marked improvement in irregularity. There were no signs of keratoconic progression noted in any of the eyes on last follow-up. No adverse events were reported in any patient.

Conclusion

Simultaneous surface ablation + CXL seems to be a promising treatment capable of offering patients functional vision and halting progression of the disorder.

Precis

Simultaneous topography-guided custom ablation treatment and photorefractive keratectomy with CXL offers keratoconic patients intolerant to contact lenses both stabilization of the cornea and improved functional vision with spectacles correction.

How to cite this article

Karmona L, Sela T, Franco O, Shoshani A, Munzer G, Kaiserman I. Simultaneous Topography-guided Surface Ablation with Collagen Cross-linking for Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2016;5(2):71-76.
Bilateral Antrochoanal Polyps: An Analysis from Four Cases
Authors: Gupta Ashok , Jain Prachi , Virk Ramandeep S , Penubarthi Lokesh K , Kaushik Eshaan
Published: July 2019

Bilateral antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) are a rare entity. We studied four cases of bilateral ACPs that presented to us. We found a close association of allergy (75%) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) (50%) as etiological factors. The anatomical factors like deviated nasal septum (75%), inferior turbinate hypertrophy (50%), and concha bullosa (25%) are also commonly associated with bilateral ACPs. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed in all the patients with special emphasis to correct the anatomical factors. Inferior meatal antrostomy was performed in two cases to allow easy access of the angled microdebrider blade for clearing the polyp from the anterolateral and anterosuperior limits of the antrum. After a mean follow-up period of 23 months, no recurrence was found.

How to cite this article

Virk RS, Penubarthi LK, Gupta AK, Jain P, Kaushik E. Bilateral Antrochoanal Polyps: An Analysis from Four Cases. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(4):173-175.
Immunophenotyping in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Blast Crisis: Looking beyond Morphology
Authors: Varma Subhash , Varma Neelam , Malhotra Pankaj , Narang Vikram , Sachdeva Man US , Bose Parveen
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Patients of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) eventually transform to blast crisis (BC) after a variable length of chronic phase (CP). With improvement in management protocols, many patients of CML-BC are expected to show remission after initial chemotherapy and a better survival. Hence, it becomes imperative to correctly classify the nature of BC for further course of management.

Materials and methods

This study retrospectively analyzed cases of CML-BC, over a period of 5 years, with comprehensive immunophenotyping done on flow cytometry.

Results

Fifteen cases of CML-BC with male-to-female ratio of 3:1 and mean age of 40.2 years were included in the study. Flow cytometry revealed 14 cases of myeloid and one case of lymphoid BC. One case each of megakaryocytic and myelomonocytic lineage were seen among the 14 cases of myeloid BC. Aberrant marker expression was a common occurrence. Myeloperoxidase cytochemical stain had shown positivity only in 3 of the 14 cases of myeloid BC.

Conclusion

Immunophenotyping is necessary for assigning specific lineage to blasts in patients of CML-BC and thus providing clinically useful information regarding the treatment protocols and prognosis of the patient.

How to cite this article

Narang V, Sachdeva MUS, Bose P,
Varma N, Malhotra P, Varma S. Immunophenotyping in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Blast Crisis: Looking beyond Morphology. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(4):181-184
“The TMJ Sound Scout”: Device to diagnose Temporomandibular Joint Sound
Authors: Sethuraman Rajesh , Prajapati Paranjay , Rao Naman , Patel Jayanti R
Published: July 2019

Aims

Training and teaching the students about the temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and related sounds which can be used for its diagnosis is difficult for both teacher and students in terms of explanation and understanding. It is difficult for operator to explain about the condition of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds in disease state and same way it is difficult to understand as patients.

There is a need for a simple and handy device that can be used for teaching purpose in classrooms and institutional dental clinics and also for patients’ education and diagnosis.

This paper presents a meek, easy to assemble, and economic electronic device to diagnose and record TMJ sounds.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are very common in the current era due to stressful lifestyle and working environment. Some of them remain unnoticed and undiagnosed due to lack of patient motivation, education, and also due to lack of operators’ knowledge and skill to diagnose the same.

Students’ training and education also need reform and advancement in the field of TMDs. The paper explains about manufacturing of simple and handy device to diagnose and record TMJ sounds. The instrument can be used for teaching and training of students in teaching institutes and clinics. It can also be used for patient education purpose.

How to cite this article

Prajapati P, Rao N, Sethuraman R, Patel JR. “The TMJ Sound Scout”: Device to diagnose Temporomandibular Joint Sound. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(2):114-116.
Prevalence of Deep Dental Caries and Its Association with Levels of Water Fluoridation, Age, Gender, and Oral Hygiene Status in the Semiurban Areas of Navi Mumbai
Authors: Padhye Ashvini M , Patil Karishma R , Parab Pooja R , Patil Nandana R
Published: July 2019

Aim

This survey-based study intends to explore a potential association between the prevalence of deep dental caries and variables, such as age, gender, oral hygiene status, and levels of water fluoridation in the areas of residence of the subjects.

Materials and Methods

A systematic oral examination was carried out using a questionnaire and clinical examination for a sample of 487 subjects reporting to the outpatient department at MGM Dental College and Hospital. Data regarding deep dental caries, age, gender, oral hygiene status were collected in this manner. The levels of water fluoridation were determined by data collected from government water testing laboratories. Data collected were analyzed using central tendency of fluoride levels, Pearson's correlation, chi-square test, and the slice and dice technique for a confidence limit of 95%.

Results

A statistically significant association exists between fluoride levels in drinking water and deep dental caries. No significant association was found between age, gender, oral hygiene status, and deep dental caries.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that low water fluoridation levels affect the prevalence of deep dental caries.

Clinical significance

This study stresses on the importance of water fluoridation in semi-urban areas for the prevention of dental caries and aids in the outlook toward better awareness.

How to cite this article

Patil KR, Parab PR, Padhye AM, Ram SM, Patil NR. Prevalence of Deep Dental Caries and Its Association with Levels of Water Fluoridation, Age, Gender, and Oral Hygiene Status in the Semiurban Areas of Navi Mumbai. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(2):137-141.
Effect of Bi-jaw Premolar Extractions on Tooth Size Discrepancy in an Indian Population having Class I Malocclusion: An in vitro Study
Authors: Sonawane Manish , Krishnan Ravindranath V , Karandikar Girish R , Tahilramani Samay
Published: July 2019

Aim

To evaluate the effect of bi-jaw premolar extractions on Bolton tooth size discrepancy in patients of Indian origin, all of which exhibited a bilateral Angle’s class I molar relationship.

Materials and methods

Ninety sets of pretreatment study casts, which constituted the sample for the study, were divided into three groups, namely, Bolton small (BS), Bolton normal (BN), and Bolton big (BB). Simulated bi-jaw extraction of premolars was carried out in four different combinations for each set of study cast. The four values of Bolton’s overall ratio (BOR) thus obtained were compared with the original BOR value.

Results

The BOR value reduced when subjected to any of the four combinations of bi-jaw premolar extractions.

Conclusion

Premolar extraction in any combination inevitably changes the BOR value, which potentially affects the settling of occlusion toward the finishing stages of orthodontic treatment.

Clinical significance

The present study provides an insight into the choice of bi-jaw premolar extraction combination for each of the three groups in patients exhibiting class I malocclusion in the Indian population.

How to cite this article

Tahilramani S, Karandikar GR, Krishnan RV, Sonawane M. Effect of Bi-jaw Premolar Extractions on Tooth Size Discrepancy in an Indian Population having Class I Malocclusion: Anin vitroStudy. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):114-117.
Clinical Application of Modified Apically Repositioned Flap in Class III/IV Gingival Recession Cases
Authors: Kosala Manab , Mandlik Vivek Bapurao , Singh Harjeet
Published: July 2019

Aim

Mucogingival conditions may be detected during a comprehensive or problem-focused periodontal examination. The aim of periodontal therapy is to help maintain the dentition or its replacements in health with good function and esthetics, and may include restoring anatomic form and function. A further goal is to reduce the risk of progressive recession. Among the procedures, root coverage has attracted the most interest. A predictable gain can be achieved in class I or II recession cases, but prognosis tends to be poor for class III and IV. The purpose of this case series was to clinically evaluate the efficacy of modified apically repositioned flap in increasing the dimensions of the keratinized tissue in apical direction in class III or IV gingival recession.

Materials and methods

A total of seven systemically healthy patients with class III or IV recession involving one or more teeth in mandibular anterior region were selected for the study. Primary parameters assessed were width of keratinized gingiva and pocket depth.

Results

The mean apicocoronal gain in the keratinized tissue at 6 months was 2.14 mm with mean baseline value of 1.43 mm and 6 months value at 3.57 mm. The clinical gain was statistically significant with p-value <0.05.

Conclusion

Modified apically displaced flap offers an easy and predictable approach for increasing the width of keratinized tissue.

How to cite this article

Singh H, Kosala M, Mandlik VB. Clinical Application of Modified Apically Repositioned Flap in Class III/IV Gingival Recession Cases. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):130-134.
Management and Outcome of Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Prasad Nagendra , Alpana T
Published: July 2019

Objective

To assess the results of management of ectopic pregnancy with respect to maternal morbidity and mortality and to analyze the risk factors.

Materials and methods

Hospital based cross-sectional study of 52 patients who were diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy in the reproductive age group of 15 to 44 years.

Results

A total of 62 patients with ectopic pregnancy were identified and studied. The rate of ectopic pregnancy was 1.26:100 deliveries. The mean age was found to be 26 years and majority of them were multigravida (Tables 1 and 2). The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain (96.15%) (Table 3). Most patients had tubal ectopic pregnancy (94.2%). Ovarian ectopic occurred in two cases and 1 patient had heterotopic pregnancy. Emergency laparotomy was performed in 39 (62.90%) patients, 3 (5.77%) patients received methotrexate injection while 18 (29.0%) patients were managed by operative laparoscopy (Table 5). All cases of laparotomy did not require any further procedure. Out of three cases, 2 (66.66%) cases of medical treatment were successful while only 1 (33.33%) case proceeded to emergency laparotomy. No maternal death occurred. Intensive care unit (ICU) stay was needed in 5 patients. Risk factors were found in 67.3% and most common risk factor was found to be previous pelvic surgeries (56.45%) (Table 6). Heterotopic pregnancy was managed by expectant method. Two patients were of post-intrauterine contraceptive device.

Conclusion

Although there was no mortality in our study, morbidity was significant which required multiple blood transfusion and ICU admission. High degree of suspicion, early diagnosis using hormonal studies, sonography, and management in an institutional set up can reduce the associated morbidity.

How to cite this article

Alpana T, Nagarathnamma R, Prasad N. Management and Outcome of Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Center. J Med Sci 2016;2(3):45-47.
Hypercoagulable Thrombophilic Defect and Hyperhomocysteinemia with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Rooplata PG , Prasad Nagendra
Published: July 2019

Successful fetal outcome in any pregnancy is dependent on adequate placental circulation. Normal physiological changes in pregnancy produce a hypercoagulable state.

Placental vasculature abnormalities may result in a number of gestational defects. They also can cause loss of pregnancy, intrauterine fetal death, intrauterine growth retardation, placental abruption, and preeclampsia.

Hereditary thrombophilias are usually undiagnosed because most carriers are asymptomatic. Placental perfusion may be compromised by increased thrombosis that leads to pregnancy complications and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).

We report a case of hypercoagulable thrombophilic defect and hyperhomocysteinemia with RPL.

How to cite this article

Rooplata PG, Nagarathnamma R, Prasad N. Hypercoagulable Thrombophilic Defect and Hyperhomocysteinemia with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. J Med Sci 2016;2(3):50-52.
Nitrobenzene along with Organophosphorous Compound Poisoning
Authors: Karthik GS , Hosur Veeresh , Rangalakshmi S
Published: July 2019

Major cause of premature mortality globally and 113,914 suicides are recorded annually from India. Variety of chemicals have been used. Nitrobenzene is used as a pesticide. Here, we report a case of acute poisoning with nitrobenzene which is an organic compound, where clinical evaluation and timely management, helped to save a life.

How to cite this article

Hosur V, Karthik GS, Rangalakshmi S, Sahajananda H. Nitrobenzene along with Organophosphorous Compound Poisoning. J Med Sci 2016;2(3):56-58.