bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MUNDIALIZAÇÃO FINANCEIRA E DESERTIFICAÇÃO NEOLIBERAL NO BRASIL: A PRIVATIZAÇÃO DO BANCO DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ (BANESTADO)
Authors: Brandão Rafael Vaz da Motta
Published: November 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as privatizações dos bancos estaduais, ocorrida a partir da segunda metade da década de 1990, com ênfase no caso do Banco do Estado do Paraná (Banestado). O banco público paranaense foi vendido através do Proes, sendo adquirido pelo Itaú, um dos principais grupos financeiros privados do Brasil. Além de documentos do Banco Central e do ministério da Fazenda, acessamos o relatório final da Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito (CPI), realizado pela Assembleia Legislativa do Estado do Paraná (ALEP), realizada em 2003 e que teve como objetivo investigar possíveis irregularidades na venda do Banestado. O texto está estruturado em quatro partes. Na primeira são discutidas as principais características do que o economista François Chesnais definiu como regime de acumulação sob dominância financeira. Na segunda parte são abordados os principais aspectos do neoliberalismo no Brasil, com ênfase nos processos de privatização. A terceira seção dedica-se à discussão acerca das políticas públicas de redução da participação dos bancos estaduais no sistema financeiro, com destaque para o Proes. Por fim, na última parte, é analisado o caso específico do processo de privatização do Banestado.
O QUE TORNA RELIGIOSA A REPRESENTAÇÃO POLÍTICA? UM ESTUDO DE CASO ACERCA DAS ELEIÇÕES LEGISLATIVAS DE 2022
Authors: Silva Emanuel Freitas da , Oliveira Kerolaine de Castro
Published: November 2024

O objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar uma análise acerca das relações entre religião e política no Brasil contemporâneo tais como estão se processando em momentos eleitorais. A pergunta que rege o texto, a mesma que o intitula, busca identificar particularidades presentes na representação tida como “religiosa”. Para tanto, toma-se como córpus de análise as candidaturas de dois casais evangélicos de dois diferentes estados, Ceará e Pernambuco, que buscavam a eleição para a Câmara Federal e a Assembleia Legislativa de seus estados com o intuito de formação de uma “trincheira” religiosa no Parlamento. Filiados a partidos de direita e alinhados estreitamente ao bolsonarismo como ideologia e plataforma política, ambos mobilizaram suas bases religiosas no intuito de estabelecer uma relação entre ser cristão e ser de direita, reproduzindo em seus estados agendas políticas tidas como “conservadoras”. Realizando, assim, um estudo de caso sobre tais campanhas eleitorais, valendo-nos da análise de dados obtidos em suas redes sociais, apresentamos uma reflexão sobre a representação política de atores do campo religioso, buscando compreender quais as consequências, para a democracia brasileira, da forma como tal representação tem se dado no país.
RELEMBRANDO PAULO FREIRE
Authors: Arruda Marcos
Published: November 2024

O Presidente João Goulart havia nomeado Paulo coordenador da Campanha Nacional de Alfabetização. Uma ocasião extraordinária de realizar em poucos anos uma espécie de “revolução das consciências”, não por uma via doutrinária ou manipuladora, mas sim através do despertar da consciência crítica da população trabalhadora do campo e das cidades. No linguajar de Paulo, “ler mais que a palavra escrita: ler a sua realidade” queria dizer desvendar as causas da sua pobreza e atuar sobre elas! Que grande ameaça isto podia representar aos grandes latifundiários, famintos de agarrar a terra de camponeses analfabetos10, sobretudo os do Nordeste, região de origem de Paulo e Elza! Estava claro que a conscientização e a organização dos camponeses acabariam com a ganância desenfreada dos latifundiários.
PAULO FREIRE NA BOLÍVIA: REMINISCÊNCIAS
Authors: Mazza Débora
Published: November 2024

Paulo é um dos educadores e fi lósofos da educação brasileira mais lidos e citados no mundo. Autor de uma obra vastíssima, tem na Pedagogia do Oprimido o seu livro mais conhecido e traduzido em cerca de 40 idiomas. Nele é possível identifi car um método de alfabetização de adultos que entende que a leitura do mundo precede à leitura da palavra, uma metodologia dialógica que explora os círculos de cultura como uma dinâmica de trabalho horizontal entre educador e educandos na qual todos têm algo a ensinar e muito que aprender e várias técnicas de ensino e aprendizagens que, por meio de múltiplas linguagens, capturam, classifi cam, sensibilizam, problematizam e representam a realidade concreta dos educandos visando a conscientização, a alfabetização, a pós alfabetização, a ação política coletiva e a mudança social rumo a minimização das condições de pobreza, miséria e opressão e a ampliação dos processos de inclusão, acesso e participação de todo/as nos bens materiais e imateriais socialmente produzidos.
PAULO FREIRE, HISTÓRIAS VIVIDAS, LIÇÕES INESQUECÍVEIS, APRENDER SEMPRE
Authors: Nunes César
Published: November 2024

Muito já se escreveu sobre Paulo Freire, muitas páginas ainda haverão de serem escritas, nesse ano de seu centenário (2021) e nos anos e nas décadas seguintes, e nos próximos centenários que virão. Fui convidado a escrever algumas lembranças de nossa convivência, curta, mas intensa e singular. Acabei aceitando, pois achei que seria oportuno buscar registrar a beleza e a simplicidade desse homem do mundo, tão incompreendido e por tantas vezes injustamente atacado, de maneira perversa, seja no seu próprio tempo de vida e de atuação, seja ainda nesses últimos tempos, bem depois de sua morte, no Brasil e em outros lugares do mundo nos quais tem prevalecido o arbítrio e a escuridão política e cultural. Mas, não quero ser um defensor de Paulo Freire, no sentido apologeta e proselitista. A obra dele é maior do que qualquer outra força. Ela permanecerá, incontestável, a despeito das acusações ridículas e medíocres. Ela não precisa de defesas, precisa sim de socialização, de divulgação, de esclarecimentos, de luzes, de recomposição da verdade de si e da beleza que encerra em si. Esse é meu propósito nesse momento. Contar algumas poucas histórias que vivi com o maior educador do Brasil, o Patrono da Educação Brasileira, o professor Paulo Reglus Neves Freire (1921-1997). Esse é o mote.
O PENSAMENTO DE PAULO FREIRE E A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NA PERSPECTIVA DECOLONIAL: UMA DISCUSSÃO EPISTEMOLÓGICA E INTERCULTURAL
Authors: Tomelin Nilton Bruno
Published: November 2024

Este texto busca conhecer as contribuições de Paulo Freire à formação de professores num contexto de movimento epistemológico e intercultural. Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfi ca para conhecer aspectos dos pressupostos freireanos e alguns elementos fundantes da decolonialidade, especialmente no que diz respeito à chamada epistemologia fronteiriça. Esta epistemologia é precursora do pensamento decolonial, que pretende pensar um futuro em que modelos hegemônicos cedam espaço à diversidade silenciada. A interculturalidade é abordada como um conceito fundamental e aliado à promoção da consciência crítica, característica imprescindível à formação de professores que visa desenvolver sujeitos autores de sua existência. Com isso teremos um professor insurgente que se opõe ao modelo hegemônico e que promova uma educação outra, para um projeto de civilização outro, fundado em propostas epistêmicas outras. Assim, o pensamento fronteiriço busca novos modos de pensar, originais e plurais fundamentados em uma desobediência epistêmica, do ponto de vista colonial, no sentido de romper com a hegemonia do capitalismo, do colonialismo e do patriarcado para garantir a diversidade cultural presente entre os próprios docentes e entre os educandos.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A VIOLÊNCIA A PARTIR DA FILOSOFIA DA PRAXIS: A LUTA DE CLASSES EM TEMPOS CONSERVADORES
Authors: Schlesener Anita Helena
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem o objetivo de fazer algumas observações a propósito doconceito de violência a partir da Filosofi a da Praxis. O senso comum,a partir de uma concepção liberal, acentua a violência material, contraa propriedade privada. Entendemos a violência no seu sentido amplo,como física e psicológica, expressa na fome, na miséria, na exploração dotrabalho, nas guerras, na repressão e nas ameaças latentes. Para tanto,retomamos o escrito de Adolfo Sanchez Vázquez “Praxis e violência”,apresentado como último capítulo do livro Filosofi a da Praxis.
PANDEMIA E PENSAMENTO INDÍGENA: NOVOS E VELHOS DESAFIOS
Authors: Fontes Gustavo
Published: November 2024

Neste artigo propõe-se uma explanação do impacto da pandemia mundialcausada pelo coronavírus covid-19 sobre os povos ameríndios presentesnas cidades e fl orestas de todo o país, enquanto continuidade deeventos que se repetem a meio milênio. Do ponto de vista estritamentehistórico, a atual pandemia é apenas mais um capítulo, e não por issomenos dramático, de uma série de eventos iniciados pelas sucessivaslevas de invasão e conquista realizadas pelos povos que aqui chegaramfugidos e refugiados desde o século XVI. No decorrer do texto busca-selevantar alguns dos conceitos e estratégias de pensadores e liderançasindígenas para o enfrentamento de mais esta provação.
Migração de retorno e reinserção produtiva: Evidências para o Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Allyne Almeida , Ramalho Hilton Martins de Brito
Published: November 2024

Este artigo investiga o impacto da acumulação de riqueza na decisão de ocupação do migrante interestadual de retorno no Brasil. Para tanto, foram usados dados das PNAD de 2009 de um modelo probit com regressor endógeno, corrigindo o viés de endogeneidade presente na acumulação de riqueza. As evidências empíricas permitiram observar que a acumulação de riqueza impactou positivamente na escolha por empregar-se como autônomo e/ou empreendedor. Ademais, também foi constatado que os trabalhadores migrantes mais prováveis de se empregar como autônomo ou empreendedor são os homens, de cor branca, mais velhos, com baixa escolaridade e que residem nas regiões do Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste.
Synthesis, characterization, and dielectric properties of 1,2-(propanediol)-3-methylimidazolium chloride, hydrogenosulfate, and dihydrogenophosphate ionic liquids
Authors: Chaker Yassine , Benabdellah Abdelkader , Debdab Mansour , Belarbi El Habib , Haddad Boumediene , Kadari Mohamed , Nhien Albert Nguyen Van , Zoukel Abdelhalim , Chemrak Mohammed Amin , Bresson Serge
Published: November 2024

In this work, three 12-(propanediol)-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), each with a different anion-chloride ([Cl⁻]), hydrogen sulfate ([HSO₄⁻]), and dihydrogen phosphate ([H₂PO₄⁻])-were synthesized and thoroughly characterized. Structural integrity and purity were confirmed through ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses revealed distinct thermal behaviors, with each IL exhibiting unique melting and glass transition temperatures.  The ionic conductivity was measured over a temperature range of 300K to 400K, showing that the choice of anion significantly influences conductivity. The IL with [H₂PO₄⁻] demonstrated the highest conductivity, attributed to its smaller ionic size and lower viscosity, followed by [Cl⁻], while [HSO₄⁻] displayed the lowest. Conductivity increased with rising temperature and frequency, reflecting greater ionic mobility in higher temperature and frequency conditions. These findings underscore the importance of anion selection in optimizing IL performance, particularly for applications requiring efficient ion transport, such as in electrochemical devices. The study highlights how molecular structure affects key properties like thermal stability and ionic transport, offering valuable insights for the design of ILs with tailored thermal and electrical characteristics. This research provides a foundational understanding of how the anionic component impacts the physicochemical properties of ILs, contributing to the development of new materials for energy storage, catalysis, and other advanced technologies requiring precise control over ionic conductivity and thermal properties.
Chemical composition and inhibitory effects of essential oils of two Lamiaceae of GHARDAIA province (southeast of Algeria): Ocimum basilicum L and Rosmarinus officinalis L.
Authors: Raache Imane , Rached Raounak , Ramdani Hibat-Allah , Annou Ghania
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the biological activities and chemical composition of two essential oils (EOs) from Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) and Ocimum basilicum (L.) sourced from the Ghardaïa region. The organoleptic properties, yield, and physical characteristics of the selected EOs were determined. Their chemical compositions were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant activity was assessed by evaluating the DPPH• free radical scavenging ability and comparing it with the standard ascorbic acid. The antimicrobial properties of the EOs were tested against six bacterial strains. The physicochemical parameters of the EOs indicated their high quality. GC-MS analysis revealed that Ocimum basilicum (L.) essential oil was predominantly composed of Estragole (27.16, while Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) essential oil was primarily composed of Borneol (16.85%). The antioxidant tests demonstrated significant activity, particularly for Ocimum basilicum (L.) essential oil, which showed a lower IC50 value of 1.4154 mg/mL compared to ascorbic acid (IC50 = 9.7339 µg/mL). Furthermore, the antibacterial efficacy of Ocimum basilicum (L.) essential oil exhibited promising inhibition against Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus spizizenii, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus, with inhibition zones ranging from 21 to 52 mm. These findings suggest that the EOs from Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) and Ocimum basilicum (L.) hold considerable potential for application in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries.
Eficácia do hidróxido de cálcio no tratamento da apicificação – revisão de literatura
Authors: Formiga Maria Eduarda Alves , Araujo Swanne Kelly Oliveira , Albuquerque Tarsila Gomes de , Cruz Márcia Regina Soares , Neves Tereza Maria Alcântara , Rego Isabel Cristina Quaresma , Araujo Tainá de Castelo Branco , Monte Thiago Lima
Published: November 2024

A apicificação é uma técnica fundamental no tratamento de dentes permanentes com rizogênese incompleta, especialmente em pacientes pediátricos. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do hidróxido de cálcio (Ca(OH)₂) nesse processo, destacando sua capacidade de induzir a formação de barreiras apicais e seu potencial antimicrobiano. Embora amplamente utilizado devido à sua acessibilidade e efeito antimicrobiano, o Ca(OH)₂ apresenta desvantagens, como alta solubilidade e a necessidade de várias sessões para alcançar resultados satisfatórios. Alternativas como o mineral trióxido agregado (MTA) e biocerâmicos demonstram maior eficácia, com menores taxas de solubilidade e melhor selamento, resultando em tratamentos mais previsíveis e duradouros. A metodologia deste trabalho baseia-se em uma revisão narrativa da literatura, com a análise de estudos publicados entre 2017 e 2024. A comparação entre os materiais revela que, embora o Ca(OH)₂ continue sendo amplamente utilizado, o MTA e os biocerâmicos oferecem vantagens significativas em termos de durabilidade e tempo de tratamento. Conclui-se que a escolha do material deve ser feita considerando fatores clínicos, como o custo, a adesão do paciente e a facilidade de manuseio, sendo essencial a continuidade de pesquisas para aprimorar as abordagens terapêuticas.
Percentual de absenteísmo dos usuários na especialidade de prótese dentária em uma região de saúde
Authors: Soares Ana Catarina Tomaz , Vidal Andréa dos Santos Bezerra , Simplício Isadora Maria Paiva , Marques Karyne Barreto Gonçalves , Marques Paulo Leonardo Ponte , Teixeira Cinthia Nara Gadelha
Published: November 2024

A falta expressiva dos usuários nos serviços de saúde pública de atenção secundária é uma realidade no Brasil, assim como no estado do Ceará. A pandemia da Covid-19, priorizou os serviços odontológicos de urgência e emergência, em detrimento dos eletivos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a taxa de falta dos usuários de prótese dos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEOs) do Ceará. Estudo observacional, transversal, mediante, a base de dados IntegraSUS, a partir de informações dos CEOs do estado do Ceará. Os dados foram coletados em março de 2022, sendo averiguados dados relacionados a taxa de falta nos anos de 2018 a 2023. Foi elaborada uma tabela através do software estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Science (IBM® SPSS®), versão 28.0. Constatou-se uma queda das taxas de faltas durante o período pandêmico. O ano com maior taxa de faltas em prótese dentária foi 2018, com 3294 (22,62%), sendo neste período, o CEO-R de Caucaia obteve maior índice, com 660 (20%). Já em 2019, o CEO-R de Baturité teve maior prevalência de ausências. Em 2020 e 2021, o CEO-R de Cascavel liderou a maior porcentagem de ausências de pacientes, com 15,2 % e 17,3%, respectivamente. Em 2022 e 2023 O CEO-R de Caucaia retornou a ter altos índices de faltas com 18,2% e 21,9%, em sequência. Conclui-se que a taxa de faltas dos usuários de prótese dos CEOs do Ceará ocorreu devido a fatores, como dificuldades de referência e contrarreferência, tempo de espera pela consulta, além da distância geográfica, dentre outros.
Uso do MTA no tratamento de apicificação
Authors: Portela Ana Luísa Gomes , Sales Isadora Cristine de Oliveira , Cruz Márcia Regina Soares , Neves Tereza Maria Alcântara , Rego Isabel Cristina Quaresma , Araujo Tainá de Castelo Branco , Monte Thiago Lima
Published: November 2024

Introdução: O uso do MTA (Agregado Trióxido Mineral) no tratamento de apicificação tem se destacado como uma técnica eficaz em dentes imaturos com necrose pulpar. O MTA é aplicado para formar uma barreira apical, promovendo a formação de tecido mineralizado e permitindo o selamento apical. Estudos recentes indicam que o MTA acelera a formação de barreira apical em comparação com outros materiais, como o hidróxido de cálcio, além de promover uma resposta biocompatível com os tecidos periapicais e estimular a regeneração óssea. Objetivo:Avaliar a eficácia do Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) no tratamento de apicificação em dentes com ápices imaturos e necrose pulpar, focado em analisar as principais características , benefícios e a versatilidade do MTA. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura com uma abordagem qualitativa. Foram incluídos artigos publicados entre 2016 e 2024, em português e inglês, selecionados a partir das bases PUBMED, SCIELO e BVS, com descritores relacionados a apicificação e MTA. RESULTADO: Os resultados evidenciam que o MTA proporciona um tratamento mais rápido e previsível, tornando-se a escolha preferida na prática clínica moderna. CONCLUSÃO: O MTA se consolidou como uma solução eficaz para o tratamento de apicificação em dentes com ápices imaturos e necrose pulpar. Suas propriedades bioativas garantem uma rápida formação de barreira mineralizada, enquanto sua excelente biocompatibilidade e capacidade de vedação minimizam o risco de infecções. A versatilidade do MTA, que permite sua aplicação em diversos procedimentos endodônticos, solidifica sua posição como o material preferido na prática clínica.
An Application Research on continuation Writing in English College Entrance Examination from the Perspective of POA
Authors: Wang Yixin , Qi Yajun
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the application of high school English writing mode based on the theory of production-oriented approach (POA). It mainly introduces the theory and steps of the POA, and application of the high school English reading, in order to cultivate the learners' thinking mode and the ability of comprehensive language use. Through the in-depth analysis of the January 2021 Zhejiang College Entrance Examination English reading and writing test questions, this paper analyzes the practical significance of writing in high school English teaching by combining the theory of POA and specific teaching practice, with a view to improving the efficiency of the continuation writing classroom and enhancing the students' ability to learn and use.
Optimizing Student Management Strategies and Student Engement in Vocational Technical Colleges
Authors: Yu Jinghuan
Published: November 2024

This research aimed to assess the efficacy of student management practices and their influence on academic engagement among vocational-technical students in China. The study evaluated crucial aspects such as the admissions procedure, student assistance programs, attendance tracking, and technology to pinpoint obstacles and potential areas for improvement. Data was gathered using quantitative approach to assess their perspectives on management practices and academic involvement. The results indicated that using technology had a beneficial effect on student involvement. However, there were notable areas for improvement, such as student support services, attendance tracking, and the admissions process. The student support services were deemed unsatisfactory, with restricted availability and inadequate influence on academic achievements. The attendance tracking system was operational, but it did not impact student participation. On the other hand, the admissions procedure was equitable, but it lacked individualized assistance for students. Furthermore, the research revealed that students had modest intrinsic motivation, self-regulated learning, and goal-setting. Nevertheless, the level of academic aid provided needed to be improved, and the potential for collaborative learning was not fully realized due to participation difficulties. The study revealed that the mental health care provided was insufficient, and the inflexible academic schedule hindered students’ capacity to engage in interdisciplinary studies or modify their course loads based on individual circumstances. In addition, students expressed a lack of participation in decision-making procedures, which led to feelings of disconnection.
Triply Bifurcations and Metric Universalities in 1D Trimodal Maps
Authors: Zhou Zhong
Published: November 2024

The famous Feigenbaum’s constants such as scaling factor and convergence rate can be measured and recomputed in unimodal maps, one of the methods is by the n-tupling bifurcations to chaos and parameter calculation algorithm which are called star transformation and word-lifting technique respectively. In the paper, we presented a kind of simple triply star transformation rule and the corresponding proof of admissible three super-stable kneading sequences (TSSKS), a few of TSSKS to chaos by triply bifurcations and the metric universalities are investigated.
Ключевые факторы, определяющие исходы COVID-19 у беременных женщин в условиях изменчивости вируса
Authors: Х.П. Алимова, Т.В. Тян
Published: November 2024

Цель. Провести анализ материнских исходов у беременных женщин, инфицированных COVID-19, с акцентом на влияние тяжести заболевания, сроков медицинского вмешательства и воздействия различных вариантов SARS-CoV-2.Материал и методы. Выполнен ретроспективный анализ данных 9288 беременных женщин с диагнозом COVID-19. Тяжесть заболевания классифицировалась как легкая (30%), умеренная (52%), тяжелая (17%) и критическая (2%). Оценивались сроки обращения за медицинской помощью: 41,6% женщин обратились в течение 7 дней после появления симптомов, 58,4% – позже. Средний срок беременности составил 271,8 дня, при этом большинство женщин (93,8%) были на поздних сроках беременности.Результаты. У 88,2% женщин удалось сохранить беременность во время лечения, в то время как у 11,9% произошел неблагоприятный исход, включая преждевременные роды и выкидыши. Установлена значительная связь между тяжестью COVID-19 и неблагоприятными исходами, такими как преждевременные роды и материнская смертность. В тяжелых и критических случаях отмечен повышенный риск маточно-плацентарной недостаточности (52,1% и 85,5% соответственно), а также повышенная потребность в интенсивной респираторной поддержке и госпитализации в отделение интенсивной терапии. Различия в результатах также выявлены между вариантами SARS-CoV-2: вариант Delta был ассоциирован с более тяжелым течением болезни и высоким уровнем осложнений, включая частые случаи кесарева сечения, по сравнению с вариантом Omicron. Общий показатель 30-дневной выживаемости составил 98,05%, снижаясь до 43,59% у пациентов в критическом состоянии.Заключение. Исследование подтверждает важность раннего медицинского вмешательства и постоянного мониторинга при лечении COVID-19 у беременных женщин, учитывая специфику воздействия различных вариантов SARS-CoV-2, что способствует улучшению исходов как для матери, так и для новорожденного
Population of the World
Authors: Arsenović Daniela
Published: November 2024

The world population passed 1 billion for the first time in history in the first half of the 19th century. Since then, the global population has continued to grow, and most regions and countries are experiencing rapid and broad demographic change. In 2022, the world population reached about 7.9 billion people, and according to the current projections developed by the United Nations, it could grow to approximately 9.7 billion in 2050. Until the middle of the 21st century, population growth rates will differ by region, and Central and Southeast Asia will be the most populated areas. A high increase in population is also expected to occur in sub-Saharan Africa, whereas Europe will reach a population peak during the 2030s, with the European population declining until 2050 owing to a low fertility level. With declines in fertility, the world’s population is ageing. In 2018, the number of persons in the world aged 65 and over was higher than the number of children under five for the first time. All regions will experience ageing, with faster progress in developing countries than has historically been observed in developed regions. The projected trends in the world population are a common result of population momentum, future levels of fertility and mortality, and regional migration flows. The contribution of these components to future population trends will vary by region and country.
Romania: Positive Law and Top‑Down Social Engineering of Families
Authors: Florian Emese , Floare Marius
Published: November 2024

Like most of Central Europe, Romania has observed a steady demographic decline since the 1990s due to extensive emigration and a decrease in the total fertility rate. Attempts have been made, particularly since 2010, to reverse this decline and increase the total birth rate. A very generous child-rearing leave and corresponding child-rearing allowance contributed to a slight increase in the number of live births per woman, which became one of the highest in the European Union (EU) in the late 2010s. Although the improved economic outlook since joining the EU was also a factor, this chapter aims to identify all the domestic legal norms that promote family growth. The chapter looks at the broad picture of governmental family policy in Romania, taking into account the differences between its relatively conservative family law and its more progressive social law, the latter of which offers a wide array of benefits and maintains a broad definition of families. Non-traditional methods of increasing childbirths, such as surrogacy and fertility treatments, are also considered, and the normative deficiencies in this regard are exposed. The chapter focuses on the positive law, with very brief incursions into prior legal norms insofar as they are relevant to show the durable trends in public policy.
Population of Europe : from a Hungarian perspective
Authors: Pári András , Rövid Irén , Fűrész Tünde
Published: November 2024

Population-related questions, such as the population composition of a country, have been a concern for community leaders, professionals, and experts since the beginning of the formation of early societies. Over the last centuries, sociologists and demographers have conducted countless studies to identify the driving forces behind population trends, employing, for example, theories of demographic transitions and economics. At the regional level, the demographic situation is both specific and general, although there are marked differences not only between continents but also between countries within a continent. This is also the case in Europe. In general, we can see a strong and specific migration trend, with declining birth rates and total fertility rates. However, in some European countries, such as Hungary, the demographic picture over the last decade has differed from the overall population trends on the continent: fertility has risen, marriage rates are experiencing a renaissance, and migration has not been the solution to population issues. According to various United Nations estimates, Europe’s population is expected to decline in the coming decades. The consequences of this are somewhat noticeable today, and in those countries where they are felt, various policies are already being put in place to tackle – or try to ‘cure’ – this specific demographic ‘disease’. Since 2010, Hungary has been pursuing a pro-natalist and pro-family ‘national medicine’ policy, which uses measures to promote the well-being of families. This policy focuses on the family as the most important community, marriage as the most stable form of relationship, and respect for tradition and life. By building on internal resources, sustainability can be ensured in the national population of a country while preserving its economic, cultural, environmental, and value traditions.
Macroeconomic Impacts of Demographic Change
Authors: Michał A. Michalski
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores the relationship between demographic change and the macroeconomic condition of society. It describes three approaches to population growth that are present within economic theory and demonstrates how the last decades have offered evidence that demographic growth should generally not be seen as a threat to socio-economic development. In addition, the chapter discusses selected aspects of the economy in the context of the influence of demographic decline. In connection to this, it presents the simplified scheme of the process of the influence of a decrease in fertility and population ageing on economic stagnation. Finally, the impact of the quality, structure, and stability of the family environment on the economy is examined in the context of positive outcomes such as human and social capital.
Christian Ethics Promoting Factors of the Traditional Model of the Family, With Special Regard to Canon Law
Authors: Bielecki Marek
Published: November 2024

This chapter presents the assumptions of Christian ethics relating to the issue of promoting the traditional family model. I analyse the doctrine of particular churches and religious associations, considering both theological issues and the internal law institutions of various confessional entities. Given that the community of Christian churches is extremely broad, the scope of research has been narrowed to only a selection of entities: in light of the number of followers, the considerations mainly cover the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church; however, I also examine the position of selected Protestant and Orthodox communities. The internal law of particular churches and religious associations is characterised by a high level of diversity, and some of the confessions have structured sets of legal regulations. In the case of the Catholic Church, the term ‘canon law’ is used to describe internal law, which was systematised in 1983 as the Code of Canon Law. The internal norms adopted by the individual churches and religious associations reflect their religious doctrine and constitute their practical dimension.
Constitutional Foundations of Family Policy
Authors: Sobczyk Pawel
Published: November 2024

Family policy comprises ‘the totality of legal norms, actions, and measures launched by the state in order to create appropriate conditions for the family to come into being, to develop correctly, and to fulfil all socially important functions’. Owing to the hierarchical structure of modern legal systems, a special part of family law should be attributed to the Constitution as a fundamental law, normalising the foundations of the state system and the legal status of its citizens, enacted in a special procedure. Given their level of generality, the norms contained in the Constitution as the fundamental law of the state require clarification and elaboration in lower-level Acts, most often in ordinary laws and executive Acts issued by executive authorities. This chapter aims, first, to determine if and what the constitutional basis of family policy is in the Central European countries of Croatia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Hungary. Second, the chapter undertakes a decoding of the constitutional provisions on the protection of the family, marriage, children, and the mother before and after childbirth in these countries to find common solutions for Central European constitutionalism in family policy. Third, an analysis of the constitutional provisions of the above-mentioned countries seeks to determine an optimal model from the perspective of the implementation of family policy and its fundamental goal of stabilising and supporting family life by meeting the needs of families, and (perhaps) to establish a model for a ‘constitutional family policy’ for Central Europe.
Demographic Challenges : Labour Law Responses
Authors: Jakab Nóra
Published: November 2024

Demographic challenges raise complex cross-policy issues. This chapter addresses the narrow issues of labour law regulation and the broader issues of employment and social security in the context of the ageing society as a demographic challenge. The chapter first examines issues related to labour law issues, which is the broad framework within which we can present the qualitative criteria for a life worthy of the active and inactive (i.e. once working) person. To find solutions to the demographic challenges, the chapter briefly summarises the results of two recent studies. A well-functioning social system goes hand in hand with a well-functioning economy. The challenge is combining both economic and social aspects in a balanced manner.
Comparative Study of Modern Music Education in China and the West from the Perspective of Comparative Musicology
Authors: He Jing
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This paper aims to conduct an in-depth study of modern music education in China and the West from the perspective of comparative musicology, revealing similarities and differences in educational goals, curriculum design, teaching methods, evaluation methods, and teacher training. By analyzing the historical background, practical experiences, and challenges of music education in China and the West, this study explores the impact of cultural, social, policy, and economic factors on music education systems. Using a comparative research method, the study contrasts the main characteristics and development trends in music education between China and Western countries, summarizing their respective strengths and weaknesses. The results show significant differences in the concepts, methods, and practices of music education between China and the West, which not only affect the quality of education but also influence the musical literacy and development of students. Ultimately, the paper provides suggestions for improving music education in both regions, aiming to offer references for future educational practices and policy-making.
Major approaches and clinical outcomes of gingival correction procedures for improved aesthetic smile: a concise systematic review
Authors: Turatti Beatriz Nunes , Rabesco Patrícia Nunes Turatti , Fernandes Patrícia Garani
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Well-being is directly related to health, people with a balanced smile, between health and beauty, tend to smile more and this generates a condition of wellbeing. A small gingival plastic can modify the smile as a whole, also changing the other variables. In gingival correction, process-specific techniques are used for each case, thus individualizing the patient and the proposed treatment. Objective: It was to present a concise systematic review of the main approaches and clinical outcomes of gingival correction procedures to achieve the best aesthetic smile. Methods: The PRISMA Platform systematic review rules were followed. The search was carried out from August to September 2024 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: 68 articles were found and 20 articles were evaluated in full and 08 were included and developed in the present systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 15 studies with a high risk of bias and 21 studies that did not meet GRADE and AMSTAR-2. Most studies did not show homogeneity in their results, with X2=89.6%>50%. It was concluded that a gummy smile consists of the visualization of more than 3 mm of gum above the maxillary incisors. For the success of an aesthetic correction, one must be aware of the causes of the change in normality, added to the patient's reasons. The ideal planning is when post-surgical effects directly influence cause removal and patient satisfaction, which is in line with our research results. Digitally assisted esthetic crown lengthening helps to shorten the operation time and reduces the possibility of human errors during measurements. This will be useful to help professionals achieve better results.
Analytical economic study of rice supply response in Egypt
Authors: Awad Rehab A. H. , Enany Dina F. M. , Sayed Amr S. S. El , Kadah Taher
Published: November 2024

Recent studies have identified several challenges associated with rice production, which hinder the achievement of self-sufficiency in rice. As a crop that heavily relies on irrigation water, rice production has implications for the nation’s water security. Nevertheless, there is still hope for reducing the future food gap by implementing agricultural policies that encourage farmers to increase production. Therefore, it has become essential to understand the responsiveness of rice cultivation area supply to changes, as this is crucial for making decisions regarding agricultural policies related to production and farm prices during the period from 2010 to 2023. The aim is to estimate farmers’ responsiveness, and the time required to achieve this response, as well as the supply elasticity. To achieve the research objective, both descriptive and quantitative statistical analysis were used, applying the Stepwise method in its logarithmic form to estimate the Supply Response. The elasticity of supply response for the rice cultivation area was estimated to be approximately 1.86% in the short term and 2.09% in the long term. It was also found that the response time of the cultivated rice area supply in Egypt to changes is low, estimated at around 1.12. This may be due to the inability to expand the cultivated area of this crop in the following year, as rice cultivation requires large amounts of water, posing a challenge given the scarcity of water resources. Additionally, farmers aim to maximize profits from the crops they cultivate.
MOTIF KEBUTUHAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN ROHANI PELAYAN JEMAAT
Authors: Jonathans Kornelius Rulli
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Need Motives on the Spiritual Growth of congregational servants. The need motives studied include high-level needs such as being loved and loving, being appreciated and appreciating, and self-actualization, which are compared with low-level needs, namely physiological and security. Using the Slovin formula and α = 5%, the researcher determined a sample of 80 respondents from a population of 100 congregational servants. This study uses a quantitative method with regression analysis to measure the effect of the Need Motive variable (X) on Spiritual Growth (Y). The results of the analysis show a regression equation Ŷ = 91.960 + 1.357X, with a correlation coefficient of 0.567 and a determination coefficient of 0.321 at a significance level of 5%. The regression coefficient of 1.357 indicates that there is a positive influence between Need Motives and Spiritual Growth. The interpretation of these results shows that congregational servants who have met high-level needs are better able to achieve better spiritual growth. In conclusion, the need motive plays a significant role in supporting the spiritual growth of congregational servants.
Proces tvorby výtvarného artefaktu v súčasnej výtvarnej edukácii na primárnom stupni
Authors:   Katedra hudobnej, výtvarnej a telesnej výchovy, Pedagogická fakulta, Prešovská univerzita v Prešove, Polák Čuchtová Iveta
Published: November 2024

Current trends in art education increasingly highlight the importance of the process of creation itself and the disadvantages of too much emphasis on the final product of the pupil. It is questionable, however, to what extent these assumptions, which appear to be genuinely effective, are being translated into pedagogical practice. The aim of this paper will be to present the basic theoretical background and describe the different stages of the process of creating an artwork, but at the same time to present selected educational situations from pedagogical practice using the 3A methodology. Through these educational situations we want to highlight the current state of art education in selected schools and offer a tool for reflection on the quality of art education, which could become an inspiration for pedagogical practice and offer an adequate procedure for the use of procedural art education and compliance with the individual phases of the process of creation in art education at the primary level.
Vokálno-intonačné aktivity v kurikule hudobnej výchovy na 1. stupni ZŠ
Authors:   Katedra hudby, Pedagogická fakulta, Katolícka univerzita v Ružomberku, Procházková Martina
Published: November 2024

The paper addresses the educational standards of primary school music education, focusing on vocal-intonation activities and exploring their application in the curricula of school educational programs at selected primary schools.bstrakt:
Pozitíva a negatíva vyučovania v zahraničí
Authors:   Katedra hudby, Pedagogická fakulta, Katolícka univerzita v Ružomberku, Rusko Pavol
Published: November 2024

Pedagogical work at foreign universities has its pluses, but also minuses. Based on my more than thirty years of experience, I dare say that the positive aspects prevail. The resulting impression depends on the circumstances and conditions and it makes a difference whether you participate in symposia, conferences and lectures as part of short-term visits, e.g. Erasmus, or you periodically teach the subject during the semester. In this article, I will describe the experience of long-term cooperation with the Ján Dlugosz University in Częstochowa, Poland.
Duševné zdravie a výchovný potenciál výtvarného umenia v pregraduálnej príprave študentov
Authors:   Katedra hudobnej, výtvarnej a telesnej výchovy, Pedagogická fakulta, Prešovská univerzita v Prešove, Bilančíková Tatiana
Published: November 2024

In the current concepts of pre-primary and primary education of the 21st century, it is possible to observe a turn of attention to a holistic approach in the educational goals of art education. Based on the concept of psychodidactics, the emphasis is on mental health, which is supported by educational forms such as spontaneous creation, or the development of synesthesia and fantasy. The holistic educational approach is also supported by the interdisciplinary nature of art education. In the paper, we will deal with how we develop these goals in the undergraduate training of teachers, simultaneously using the educational potential of art with an emphasis on spontaneity, gestural creation and spiritual content.
An Introduction to Indigenous Music in the United States of America
Authors:   Katedra hudby, Pedagogická fakulta, Katolícka univerzita v Ružomberku, di Fiore David
Published: November 2024

An important part of American musical history involves the Indigenous and their music and traditions. Although we do have some historical perspectives, they can be difficult to document because of the traditions being passed on by word of mouth, by song, and also because of secrecy involving particular rituals. Writings of some Europeans who had interactions with the Indigenous cannot always be trusted either, as they can be very biased, especially in the area of music. It is also likely that these traditional Native American Indigenous people contributed greatly to the history of music in the United States with the greatest influence coming from the Cherokee and Navajo tribes. In this article, we will eamine through various tribes traditions of the Indigenous in music. Through their narratives and song, some of the interactions between regions can be traced. In this paper we discuss the musical manifestations of these tribes.
Kněz, muzikolog, sbormistr a pedagog Dobroslav Orel (1870–1942) a jím využívané intonační metody při sbormistrovské práci
Authors:   Hudební katedra, Pedagogická fakulta, Univerzita Hradec Králové, Andršová Kateřina
Published: November 2024

The paper turns on the period when Dobroslav Orel worked as a teacher in church institutions and Austrian secondary schools (1894-1918). It focuses on the least studied part of his activity, choirmastering. Through the prism of contemporary pedagogical journals and school documentation, he attempts to reconstruct the choirmaster's methods used by him and, in particular, traces the dynamics of the development of his relationship with Battke's intonation method, from his initial enthusiasm to his awareness of the pitfalls of uncritical acceptance of this method to his warning against the danger of elevating the means of achieving correct intonation to the goal of singing education.
Tungsten-Doped Borosilicate Glasses for Radiation Shielding
Authors: Suriyoporn Surisa , Suwanprateep Satawatchara , Sawangboon Nuttawan , Chuamsaamarkkee Krisanat , Charoenphun Putthiporn , Meechoowas Ekarat
Published: November 2024

In this study, a series of glasses in the 25 Na2O- 15 B2O3- (60-x)SiO2- xWO3 system (with x up to 2 mol%) was developed by a melt-quench route. To evaluate their potential applications as novel lead-free transparent shielding materials in nuclear medicine, the impact of tungsten trioxide (WO3) addition on glass formation, structure, properties, and radiation shielding effectiveness of the produced glasses was also investigated. The glass forming ability was found to be restricted, and high-transparency homogeneous bulk glasses containing WO3 up to 1.5 mol% could only be achieved, as verified by XRD measurements. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the network modifications caused by the incorporation of various WO3 concentrations into the glass system. This was further supported by thermal and mechanical investigation, which demonstrated that increasing WO3 content increased both glass transition temperature (Tg) and Vickers hardness (Hv) values. The increases in Tg and Hv could be attributed to tungsten's participation in the formation of new strong W-O connections. Furthermore, the radiation shielding performance of the glasses, such as the half-value layer (HVL), the mean free path (MFP) and the lead equivalent thickness (LEV), as determined by means of a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector in a narrow beam geometry setup using 137Cs, 133Ba and 57Co as the radiation sources, were compared to that of commercial lead glass and found to be improved with higher WO3 content. The findings provide sufficient data to indicate that our tungsten-doped borosilicate glasses, especially the sample containing 1.5 mol% WO3, could be potential candidates for alternative lead-free, high-transparency radiation shielding materials in nuclear medicine applications.