bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Fig. 10 from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yashar William M. , Curtiss Brittany M. , Coleman Daniel J. , VanCampen Jake , Kong Garth , Macaraeg Jommel , Estabrook Joseph , Demir Emek , Long Nicola , Bottomly Daniel , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Maxson Julia E. , Braun Theodore P.
Published: April 2023

Efficacy of dual FLT3/LSD1 inhibition in primary AML samples.
Data from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yashar William M. , Curtiss Brittany M. , Coleman Daniel J. , VanCampen Jake , Kong Garth , Macaraeg Jommel , Estabrook Joseph , Demir Emek , Long Nicola , Bottomly Daniel , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Maxson Julia E. , Braun Theodore P.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Mutations in Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) are common drivers in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) yet FLT3 inhibitors only provide modest clinical benefit. Prior work has shown that inhibitors of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) enhance kinase inhibitor activity in AML. Here we show that combined LSD1 and FLT3 inhibition induces synergistic cell death in FLT3-mutant AML. Multi-omic profiling revealed that the drug combination disrupts STAT5, LSD1, and GFI1 binding at the MYC blood superenhancer, suppressing superenhancer accessibility as well as MYC expression and activity. The drug combination simultaneously results in the accumulation of repressive H3K9me1 methylation, an LSD1 substrate, at MYC target genes. We validated these findings in 72 primary AML samples with the nearly every sample demonstrating synergistic responses to the drug combination. Collectively, these studies reveal how epigenetic therapies augment the activity of kinase inhibitors in FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplication) AML.
Implications:
This work establishes the synergistic efficacy of combined FLT3 and LSD1 inhibition in FLT3-ITD AML by disrupting STAT5 and GFI1 binding at the MYC blood-specific superenhancer complex.
Percutaneous Trans-Esophageal Gastrostomy for Oral Intake in a Case of Anastomotic Obstruction following Total Gastrectomy
Authors: Shishida Masayuki , Sumitani Daisuke , Yano Masatsugu , Ochi Makoto , Okamoto Yuzo , Yoshida Shigeto , Tanabe Kazuaki , Ohdan Hideki
Published: April 2023

Gastric cancer is one of the most common diseases globally. Total gastrectomy is often performed surgically. However, late-stage anastomotic passage obstruction after total gastrectomy is relatively rare. Here, we report a case involving a 73-year-old male patient who experienced repeated aspiration pneumonia due to anastomotic passage obstruction 22 years after a total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. He was eventually hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology at our hospital because of difficulty eating. Computed tomography revealed prominent dilation of the esophagus and the blind end of the elevated jejunum. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a poorly extended site on the main side of the elevated jejunum; however, the passage through the scope was good. A percutaneous trans-esophageal gastrostomy was performed for oral intake. The patient experienced decreased nausea and vomiting. He gained weight, and his general condition improved. He did not feel inconvenienced by percutaneous trans-esophageal gastrostomy and had no desire for surgery. Follow-up observations are currently being conducted, with tubes exchanged every 6 months. There are no reports of percutaneous trans-esophageal gastrostomy for oral intake for anastomotic passage obstruction following total gastrectomy; therefore, we report this as a reference when similar cases are encountered.
Staff Training Interventions to Prevent or Reduce Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Nursing Home Residents: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Carrier Daphnée , Toulouse Élodie , Rochefort Christian M.
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Nursing home (NH) staff mention knowledge deficits regarding the management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSDs) in residents with neurocognitive disorders (NCDs). Staff training therefore appears to be necessary. However, existing evidence on best training practices and their outcomes remains scattered. This systematic review aimed to (1) identify the best clinical practices and theoretical bases of staff training interventions on BPSD management in NHs and (2) summarize the effects of these interventions on resident and staff outcomes. Methods: A mixed methods systematic review was conducted. Two nurse researchers independently searched nine electronic databases to identify studies on the efficacy of staff training interventions aimed at BPSD management in NHs, on a variety of resident and staff outcomes. The search was conducted for articles published between 1996 and 2022, using selected keywords, MeSH terms, and predefined eligibility criteria. The methodological quality of the retrieved studies was assessed using JBI checklists. Results: Overall, 39 studies in 47 articles were included. Ten categories of trainings were identified, of which three demonstrated the most promising results on both residents and staff: (1) structured protocols and models, (2) person-centred bathing, and (3) communication techniques. The methodological quality of the retrieved studies was generally weak. Issues with intervention feasibility and reproducibility were also noted. Conclusion: Training interventions incorporating structured protocols and models, person-centred bathing, and communication techniques are associated with better staff and resident outcomes. However, there is a strong need for high-quality research to strengthen existing evidence and ensure feasibility and reproducibility.
Los desafíos de la dirección educativa en el fomento de habilidades científicas
Authors: Hernández-Gil Cristian , Cardozo-Jiménez Carol Jennifer , Perdomo-Rojas Laddy Tatiana
Published: April 2023

(analítico)El objetivo de esta investigación es entender la incidencia del papel de los directivos docentes en el fomento de la investigación científica en los niños, niñas y adolescentes de las instituciones educativas públicas de una región colombiana. Se realizó un estudio no experimental transversal y descriptivo, con 73 rectores de planteles urbanos y rurales, usando como estrategia de análisis el enfoque cualitativo con una orientación hacia la sistematización del fenómeno, primero desde la experiencia administrativa y, segundo, desde las capacidades para promover una educación científica. Los resultados consideran tres retos de la gestión del administrador de la educación: las relaciones con los integrantes de la comunidad educativa, la capacidad para gestionar los recursos y la articulación entre los fines pedagógicos institucionales y la gestión humana con los docentes.
Palabras clave:  Educación básica; gestión escolar; habilidad investigativa; investigación científica; niñez.
Impact of the Increase in Left Ventricular Mass on the Risk of Long-Term Cardiovascular Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bombelli Michele , Vanoli Jennifer , Facchetti Rita , Maloberti Alessandro , Cuspidi Cesare , Grassi Guido , Mancia Giuseppe
Published: April 2023

Background:

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, and evidence has been obtained that an increase of a normal left ventricular mass (LVM) or new-onset LVH over time augments cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods:

We addressed this issue in a sample of a general population at relatively low cardiovascular risk. We analyzed subjects with normal echocardiographic LVM enrolled in the PAMELA (Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni) study to follow the increase of LVM over time and assess the prognostic impact of this change on the incidence of cardiovascular events (mean follow-up 18.5 years).

Results:

In 990 subjects with no LVH at baseline, there was a significant average increase of LVM (21.2%), LVMI
BSA
(18.9%), and LVMI
HT
(22.3%) more than 10 years later. About a quarter developed LVH. The LVMI
BSA
change exhibited an association with the cardiovascular risk mortality during the following 18.5 years, and the association remained significant after adjustment for confounders (hazard ratio, 1.2 [1.0–1.5]). Similar findings were obtained for LVM in absolute values or indexed for height. The association was seen in both genders, but the link with the cardiovascular risk was statistically significant in males only.

Conclusions:

Thus, although over 10 years, the LVM increase does not reach a LVH status, it is associated with an augmented cardiovascular mortality risk. This suggests that it might be important to consider periodical LVM assessment, even when LVM is within the normal range, to timely detect its increase and cope with the need of cardiovascular risk restratification.
The Globular Amphora Culture in the Eastern Baltic: New Discoveries
Authors: Piličiauskas Gytis , Skipitytė Raminta , Oras Ester , Lucquin Alexandre , Craig Oliver E. , Robson Harry K.
Published: April 2023

Until now, Šventoji in northwest Lithuania was considered the most northern site of the Neolithic Globular Amphora Culture (hereafter GAC; ca. 3400–2500 cal BC) in Europe. Recently, however, ceramics typologically resembling GAC ware were identified among the materials from the multi-period sites of Abora 1 and Iča in Latvia and further to the north from Tamula in southeast Estonia. Here we present the multi-disciplinary analyses of these ceramics, including their morphology, function and chronology, to ascertain whether they could represent sporadic migrations of GAC groups into the region or exchange and increasing social contacts with the indigenous hunter-gatherers during the period from ca. 3000–2600 cal BC. Overall, our results align with previous studies showing that GAC groups in the Eastern Baltic possibly reorientated their economy from animal husbandry towards fishing, as recently evidenced by the composition of zooarchaeological assemblages, and the organic residue analysis of ceramic vessels, which markedly differ from the GAC communities of Central Europe. Indeed, in several coastal and southern regions of Lithuania, it would appear that some GAC migrants replaced the indigenous Subneolithic forager groups, whilst in other areas, they had little to no impact on the local cultural and economic development.
Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China
Authors: YUAN QI , LUO KAI-YUE , ZHANG YING , ZHAO CHANG-LIN
Published: April 2023

Fungi are one of the most diverse groups of organisms on Earth, among which wood-inhabiting fungi play a crucial role in ecosystem processes and functions. Three wood-inhabiting fungi belonging to the genera Ceraceomyces, Stereopsis, and Xenasmatella were found in Southern China. Combined with morphological characteristics and molecular biological evidence, the present study describes them to be new fungal taxa Ceraceomyces yunnanens, Stereopsis yunnanens, and Xenasmatella bambusicola. Ceraceomyces yunnanens is distinguished by the resupinate basidiomata with merulioid hymenial surface, monomitic hyphal system and cylindrical basidiospores; S. yunnanensis is characterized by the laterally stipitate basidiocarps with greyish brown to brown pilei, monomitic hyphal system and subglobose basidiospores; and X. bambusicola is characterized by the resupinate basidiomata, arachnoid hymenophore with white to greyish hymenial surface and warted basidiospores. Sequences of ITS and nLSU rRNA markers of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses of ITS+nLSU showed that three new species nested into families Amylocorticiaceae, Stereopsidaceae and Xenasmataceae (Agaricomycetes), in which C. yunnanens grouped sister to C. borealis; S. yunnanensis grouped with S. radicans; and X. bambusicola grouped sister to X. xinpingensis.
Two new Mexican species of Asclepias (Apocynaceae; Asclepiadoideae; Asclepiadeae)
Authors: CHÁVEZ-HERNÁNDEZ MARÍA GUADALUPE , ÁLVAREZ-RUIZ JULIO ALEJANDRO , ALVARADO-CÁRDENAS LEONARDO OSVALDO
Published: April 2023

Two new species of Asclepias from Mexico are described here: A. sauronii and A. graogramanii. The first species, from the states of Coahuila and Nuevo Leon, is morphologically similar to A. otarioides, but differs by its ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate leaves and its yellow corona with digitated and curved horns. The second species, distributed in Jalisco and Nayarit, is similar to A. glaucescens, but differs by its pink to white-pinkish flowers, its sessile gynostegium and its cylindrical to oblongoid, and rarely slightly conduplicate hoods. Descriptions, morphological comparisons, and geographic distributions of these species as well as a proposal of their conservation status are provided in this study. This discovery highlights Mexico as a center of diversity of the genus, with 75 species currently known in the country. Furthermore, 45.3% of those species are endemic to Mexico.
Compsoneura nallarettiana (Myristicaceae), a new species from north-western Peru
Authors: PAREDES MARCOS A. RÍOS , ZÁRATE-GÓMEZ RICARDO , GRANDEZ-RIOS JULIO MIGUEL
Published: April 2023

N/A
New genus and species of moth flies (Psychodidae: Psychodinae) from a mountainous area in the Atlantic Forest of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: CORDEIRO DANILO PACHECO , CAMICO JÉSSICA LUNA
Published: April 2023

Maruinini is one of the most diverse tribes of moth flies in the Neotropical region. We describe two new species, Arisemus sinuosus sp. nov. and Neopericoma bela gen. nov. et sp. nov., collected in streams and waterfalls of a mountainous formation on the Brazilian Atlantic Forest of eastern Minas Gerais, Brazil. In contrast to the morphology of the type species of Australopericoma Vaillant, a new genus is proposed, Neopericoma gen. nov., to accommodate one new species and other eight species previously placed in Australopericoma: N. abnormalis (Quate & Brown) comb. nov., N. bulbula (Quate & Brown) comb. nov., N. cesticela (Quate & Brown) comb. nov., N. exilis (Quate & Brown) comb. nov., N. onofrei (Araújo & Bravo) comb. nov., N. pallidula (Tonnoir) comb. nov., N. roessleri (Wagner and Joost) comb. nov., N. xavierae (Araújo & Bravo) comb. nov. This is the first record of Arisemus in the State of Minas Gerais.
Seasonal Tropical–Extratropical Teleconnections Originating from Tropical Rainfall Modes Independent of the Niño-3.4 Index in Northern Winters
Authors: Peng Peitao , Wang Wanqiu , Kumar Arun
Published: April 2023

This study, based on an analysis with observational and reanalysis data, highlights seasonal tropical–extratropical atmospheric teleconnections originating from tropical rainfall modes unrelated to the Niño-3.4 index for northern winters. The mode decomposition for tropical rainfall is done by first removing the Niño-3.4 index–related variability from the tropical rainfall and then applying rotated empirical orthogonal function (REOF) analysis to the residual. The corresponding teleconnection patterns are obtained by regressing global atmospheric fields against the time series of the rainfall modes. Analyses of the tropical heating–atmospheric circulation relationship indicate that the circulation anomalies corresponding to the rainfall modes are forced responses to the corresponding rainfall mode. The teleconnection patterns reveal some new features and show that some intrinsic midlatitude patterns can be triggered by tropical forcing with different rainfall patterns. Results from this study are relevant to seasonal climate attribution and prediction analyses and climate model evaluation. As an illustration, the teleconnections from the rainfall modes, together with that related to the Niño-3.4 index and linear trend, are applied to the attribution analyses for the global circulation anomalies of 2019/20 winter and the California dry condition during the strong El Niño winter of 2015/16. The overall impact of these modes in the period of 1980–2021 is also discussed.

Significance Statement

This study highlights the seasonal tropical–extratropical atmospheric teleconnections independent of the Niño-3.4 index using tropical rainfall modes for northern winters. The reason for using rainfall rather than SST in the mode decomposition is that rainfall represents vertically integrated latent heat, which is the direct forcing of the tropical atmosphere, while SST may have no definite relationship with rainfall in the Indo-Pacific warm pool region. The results of this study are applicable to the analysis of climate attribution and prediction and climate model evaluation, and further, may also have the potential to help improve seasonal climate forecasts.
ENSO Spread Caused by Uncertainties in Initial Condition and High-Frequency Perturbations in the Tropical Pacific
Authors: Lian Tao
Published: April 2023

Uncertainties both in the initial condition (IC) and surface wind high-frequency perturbations (HFPs) contribute to the prediction spread of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), yet the relative roles of the two are hard to separate, mostly due to the nonlinearity in ENSO dynamics. In this study, we conducted two ensemble experiments using the CESM model to analyze the source of ENSO spread arising from the tropical Pacific. The HFPs were precluded using an online low-pass-filtering scheme in one experiment. Results showed that the uncertainty in ENSO prediction depends on both the IC and HFPs. By comparing simulations with and without HFPs, it is found that the predicted ENSO spread decreased in magnitude when HFPs are removed, especially in the first four prediction months. At integration time longer than that, the additional impact of HFPs cannot be detected on top of that of the uncertainty in IC. To the ENSO spread anomaly, we found that it is tightly associated with uncertainty in the sea surface temperature and surface wind in the central-eastern equatorial Pacific at the short integration time, and associated with the HFPs in the western equatorial Pacific at the long integration time. When the HFPs are removed, the precursor of the ENSO spread anomaly at the long lead time emerges in the northeastern tropical Pacific, the area where the Pacific meridional mode originates from. Our results indicate that the uncertainty in ENSO prediction depends primarily on IC, and the HFPs in the western equatorial Pacific play the secondary role.
Dual-Band Infrared Scheimpflug Lidar Reveals Insect Activity in a Tropical Cloud Forest
Authors: Santos Victor , Costa-Vera Cesar , Rivera-Parra Pamela , Burneo Santiago , Molina Juan , Encalada Diana , Salvador Jacobo , Brydegaard Mikkel
Published: April 2023

We describe an entomological dual-band 808 and 980 nm lidar system which has been implemented in a tropical cloud forest (Ecuador). The system was successfully tested at a sample rate of 5 kHz in a cloud forest during challenging foggy conditions (extinction coefficients up to 20 km–1). At times, the backscattered signal could be retrieved from a distance of 2.929 km. We present insect and bat observations up to 200 m during a single night with an emphasis on fog aspects, potentials, and benefits of such dual-band systems. We demonstrate that the modulation contrast between insects and fog is high in the frequency domain compared to intensity in the time domain, thus allowing for better identification and quantification in misty forests. Oscillatory lidar extinction effects are shown in this work for the first time, caused by the combination of dense fog and large moths partially obstructing the beam. We demonstrate here an interesting case of a moth where left- and right-wing movements induced oscillations in both intensity and pixel spread. In addition, we were able to identify the dorsal and ventral sides of the wings by estimating the corresponding melanization with the dual-band lidar. We demonstrate that the wing beat trajectories in the dual-band parameter space are complementary rather than covarying or redundant, thus a dual-band entomological lidar approach to biodiversity studies is feasible in situ and endows species specificity differentiation. Future improvements are discussed. The introduction of these methodologies opens the door to a wealth of possible experiments to monitor, understand, and safeguard the biological resources of one of the most biodiverse countries on Earth.
Bargaining and Nonbargaining Nonmarket Strategies: A General Model and Data From Post-Communist Countries
Authors: Akbar Yusaf H. , Kisilowski Maciej
Published: April 2023

This article addresses a theoretical gap in the literature by highlighting the significance of nonbargaining nonmarket strategies of firms. Relying on neo-statist political theory, we propose a theoretical model that hypothesizes a reliance on nonbargaining nonmarket strategies in situations marked by historically and situationally conditioned weakness of societal forces relevant to a firm (including the firm itself) as well as when relevant state institutions display high degrees of professional, structural, and ideological bureaucratic insularity. We survey 165 managers (each representing a separate firm) from 14 countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia about the strategic importance of the nonmarket strategic initiatives. Our novel survey instrument captures a broader range of nonmarket strategic initiatives than previous empirical research has examined. The survey results provide preliminary support for our model, although the findings suggest the need for more research in different regional contexts.
Accurate coarse mesh simulation of delamination in composites using a novel hp-adaptive cohesive element
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Supratik , Bhatia Sumeet
Published: April 2023

Cohesive elements are routinely used to simulate delamination between plies in composites. However, the allowable maximum size of these elements is limited, owing to the presence of a very small process zone ahead of the cohesive crack-tip, which needs to be discretised with multiple elements for obtaining an accurate failure response. This restricts their applicability beyond analysing delamination in coupon scale problems, due to the need for a very fine mesh and associated large problem size. In this paper, a novel hp cohesive element is developed to address this problem. This element is capable of simultaneous mesh refinement and elevation of interpolation order, locally and adaptively around the propagating cohesive crack tip. Additional degrees of freedom associated with the hp refinement are handled by extra nodes already supplied in the initial mesh file, that are selectively activated by the program as required. Several example problems are presented showing the ability of this method to improve the prediction of delamination onset and growth in extremely coarse meshes with a reduced computational time.
Three-stage channel sprays carbon nanotubes onto carbon fibers surface, preparing high performance carbon fibers composites
Authors: Zhang Chuanqi , Shi Song , Gao Chenyu , Zhang Da , Bi Lansen , Wang Lintao , He Yan
Published: April 2023

Carbon fibers composites performance strengthening through graft Carbon nanotubes is a research hotspot at present. Here, a method for rapidly and effectively dispersing and removing CNT aggregates during spraying the CNTs onto CFs surface by the three-stage channel is reported. The scanning electron microscopy image characterization results shows that the three-stage channel has a significant effect on the removal of CNTs aggregates, and the obtained p-CNTs has a good dispersion morphology. Under the same condition, p-CNTs@CFs/EP and CNTs@CFs/EP composites are prepared by the three-stage channel spraying and direct spraying method respectively. Compared with no treatment CFs composites (o@CFs/EP), the tensile, compressive and interlaminar shear strength and radial thermal conductivity (λ⊥) of the CNTs@CFs/EP are increased by 7%, 11%, 9% and 80% (2452.04 MPa, 1209.37 MPa, 89.30 MPa and 1.28 W/(m·K)), the p-CNTs@CFs/EP increased by 29%, 35%, 37% and 203% (2949.06 MPa, 1471.67 MPa, 112.37 MPa and 2.15 W/(m·K)), the CNTs@CFs/EP resistivity is 72.72 Ω·m, a 64% decrease, the p-CNTs@CFs/EP is 45.45 Ω·m, a decrease of 78%. This indicates that the CFs composites prepared by the three-stage channel spraying method has better performance than direct spraying and no treatment. This method provides a new idea for CFs composites performance strengthening.
Examining the Reflection of Family–Professional Partnerships in Professional Organization Standards
Authors: Francis Grace L. , Burke Meghan , Zhang Ling , Carter Richard Allen , Li Chak , Turnbull Ann P.
Published: April 2023

Investigating the extent to which professional organization standards reflect family–professional partnerships can identify opportunities for professional organizations to enrich a focus on partnerships, thus better-preparing education professionals to fulfill partnerships with families. The researchers employed a document analysis method to investigate two research questions: (a) What percentage of education professional organization standards and substandards reflect family–professional partnerships? and (b) To what extent do education professional organization substandards align with the five dimensions of family–professional partnerships? Key findings indicated that the (a) Interstate Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium and (b) National Association of School Psychologists had the greatest number of standards reflecting partnerships and “commitment” was most frequently dimension reflected in substandards. Implications and future directions for research are discussed.
The Prevalence and Characteristics of Children With Profound Autism, 15 Sites, United States, 2000-2016
Authors: Hughes Michelle M. , Shaw Kelly A. , DiRienzo Monica , Durkin Maureen S. , Esler Amy , Hall-Lande Jennifer , Wiggins Lisa , Zahorodny Walter , Singer Alison , Maenner Matthew J.
Published: April 2023

Objectives:

Autism spectrum disorder (autism) is a heterogeneous condition that poses challenges in describing the needs of individuals with autism and making prognoses about future outcomes. We applied a newly proposed definition of profound autism to surveillance data to estimate the percentage of children with autism who have profound autism and describe their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

Methods:

We analyzed population-based surveillance data from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network for 20 135 children aged 8 years with autism during 2000-2016. Children were classified as having profound autism if they were nonverbal, were minimally verbal, or had an intelligence quotient <50.

Results:

The percentage of 8-year-old children with profound autism among those with autism was 26.7%. Compared with children with non–profound autism, children with profound autism were more likely to be female, from racial and ethnic minority groups, of low socioeconomic status, born preterm or with low birth weight; have self-injurious behaviors; have seizure disorders; and have lower adaptive scores. In 2016, the prevalence of profound autism was 4.6 per 1000 8-year-olds. The prevalence ratio (PR) of profound autism was higher among non-Hispanic Asian/Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander (PR = 1.55; 95 CI, 1.38-1.73), non-Hispanic Black (PR = 1.76; 95% CI, 1.67-1.86), and Hispanic (PR = 1.50; 95% CI, 0.88-1.26) children than among non-Hispanic White children.

Conclusions:

As the population of children with autism continues to change, describing and quantifying the population with profound autism is important for planning. Policies and programs could consider the needs of people with profound autism across the life span to ensure their needs are met.
Exploring the Consequences of Early Marriage: A Conventional Content Analysis
Authors: Yoosefi Lebni Javad , Solhi Mahnaz , Ebadi Fard Azar Farbod , Khalajabadi Farahani Farideh , Irandoost Seyed Fahim
Published: April 2023

Early marriage is one of the most important social issues for young women and can have many consequences. The present study aimed to explore the consequences of early marriage among Kurdish women in western Iran who were married under the age of 18. This qualitative study was conducted with the approach of conventional content analysis. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 women selected by purposeful sampling. Data analysis was performed using Graneheim and Lundman’s method. A total of 389 codes, 12 subcategories, 4 sub-categories, and 2 main categories were extracted from the data analysis. Negative consequences of early marriage include: 1—physical and psychological problems (high-risk pregnancy and childbirth, physical illnesses, depression, and emotional distress); 2—family problems (dissatisfaction with married life, experience of having lots of responsibility, lack of independence in family life); 3—social problems (risky social behaviors, lack of access to social and health services, social isolation, lack of access to a job, and educational opportunities); and 4—positive consequences, including receiving intra-family support, improving living conditions, and opportunities for progress and empowerment. It is possible to reduce problems and challenges after early marriage by increasing the awareness and knowledge of young women about contraceptives and providing appropriate social and health facilities, and services during pregnancy. Providing the necessary training and psychological counseling for them and their husbands on how to deal with personal problems and marital life will be effective to a great extent.
An ontological data model to support urban flood disaster response
Authors: Dutta Biswanath , Sinha Prashant Kumar
Published: April 2023

This work aims to develop an ontological data model to support urban flood disaster response. The preliminary studies of the existing flood ontologies revealed that the developed ontologies do not express the relationships between the different levels of administration involved during flood disasters. So, an ontology named Flood Disaster Support Ontology (FDSO) was developed. The FDSO acts as a data model that can accommodate the various organisations and agents of different levels of the administrative agencies that are part of the flood disaster management process. It depicts their relationships and their activities specifically during an urban flood disaster response. The ontology also organises the resources and the information about them that are possessed by different organisations and may be used by first responders to carry out the activities such as rescue and relief. An amalgamation of two existing methodologies Yet Another Methodology for Ontology Development (YAMO) and NeOn was used to construct the ontology. The ontology was evaluated syntactically using reasoners along with the OOPS!, an OntOlogy pitfall scanner, whereas the semantic evaluation was done through SPARQL queries. The process yielded satisfactory results.
From Chinese civil society to Chinese civil sphere: A conceptual reconfiguration of the space between state and society that facilitates intellectual debates
Authors: Qiaoan Runya
Published: April 2023

Scholarship on Chinese civil society suffers from a weak theorization of the concept, in which civil society is generally defined as NGOs (non-governmental organizations) that exists in the third sector. This article examines the dimension between state and society known as ‘civil sphere’, a concept that is broader and more mysterious than the conventional notion of ‘civil society’. Civil sphere can be understood as a discursive structure that defines what is civil and what is uncivil in a society. Taking the Chinese intellectual debate between the New Lefts and the Liberals as an example, this article shows that in a society that is rapidly changing, the existence of such a public sphere represents a vital source of individual freedom. Even though the civil sphere in China has been contracting lately, there are still intellectual debates on fundamental ideological issues that merit academic attention.
Do aid projects from World Bank and China impact state legitimacy differently? An exploratory analysis in Tanzania
Authors: Yoshimoto Iku
Published: April 2023

This study examines how aid activities by the World Bank and China, which take two competing approaches to building state capacity, affect a recipient government’s effort to build state legitimacy vis-à-vis its population. The study operationalized legitimacy drawing on Levi’s ‘quasi-voluntary compliance,’ and empirically analyzed the two approaches’ effects at the local level. The study used the Afrobarometer survey conducted in Tanzania in 2014 and geocoded datasets for aid projects. Chinese aid, characterized by its ‘Developmental State’ approach, was associated with higher projection of state legitimacy at local level. Meanwhile, the World Bank’s aid, which encourages building state legitimacy in a ‘contractarian’ way, did not demonstrate such a correlation, and there was limited evidence that the co-location of projects from both donors may condition the effects of the World Bank aid.
Examining the Effects of Renewable Energy and Economic Growth on Carbon Emission in Canada: Evidence from the Nonlinear ARDL Approaches
Authors: Erdoğan Esma , Serin Oktay Duygu , Manga Müge , Bal Harun , Algan Neşe
Published: April 2023

Increasing industrial activities trigger the intense use of fossil fuels and increase the number of carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Countries with a high share in current carbon emissions need to expand their use of renewable energy sources. Canada is an important energy producer and consumer globally. In this regard, its decisions are important for the future development of global emissions. This study examines the asymmetric effects of economic growth, renewable energy, and non-renewable energy consumption on carbon emissions in Canada from 1965 to 2017. In the first stage of the analysis, unit root testing was performed for the variables. For this, Lee-Strazicich (2003), ADF and PP unit root tests were used. The nonlinear ARDL method was used to analyze the relationship between variables. and Measures: In order to analyze the relationship between the variables in the established model, renewable energy consumption (%), non-renewable energy consumption (%), and carbon emissions (per capita-Mt). In addition, the economic growth (constant price 2010- US$) parameter was added to the model as a control variable. The findings support that energy consumption, economic growth, and renewable energy have an asymmetric effect on carbon emissions in the long run. The positive shock in renewable energy reduces carbon emissions, and a unit increase in renewable energy reduces carbon emissions by 1.29%. Besides, the negative shock in economic growth greatly deteriorates the quality of the environment; that is, a 1% reduction in economic growth causes emissions to increase by 0.74% in the long run. On the other hand, positive shocks in energy consumption have a positive and significant effect on carbon emissions. A 1% increase in energy consumption causes 1.69% carbon emissions. There are important policy implications for Canada to eliminate carbon emissions, increase the share of renewable energy sources and achieve its economic growth targets. In addition, Canada needs to reduce its consumption of non-renewable energy (such as gasoline coal, diesel, and natural gas).
Empowering or disempowering? archives as a tool to support or hinder land restitution in South Africa
Authors: Mabapa Lyborn , Ngoepe Mpho
Published: April 2023

Archives have become acceptable evidence in the context of land restitution to prove events that occurred in the past during land dispossessions. However, some researchers contend that archives are not always available and accessible when restitution claimants seek them due to loss, restrictions and lack of intellectual control. The purpose of this study was to explore archives as a tool to support or hinder land restitution in South Africa. This qualitative study used snowball sampling to select participants from restitution claimants, while purposive sampling was used to select project officers at the Commission on Restitution of Land Rights (CRLR) and archivists at the National Archives and Records Service of South Africa (NARSSA), respectively. Data were collected through interviews. The key finding indicates that there are a large number of unresolved land claims to redress land dispossession injustices caused by missing records, language barriers, unclassified information and access restrictions. The study concludes by arguing that archives can empower the claimants if available and accessible, while, on the other hand, they can disempower the claimants if unavailable and inaccessible.
Fulminant myocarditis following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination rescued with venoarterial ECMO: A report of two cases
Authors: Vila-Olives Rosa , Uribarri Aitor , Martínez-Martínez María , Argudo Eduard , Bonilla Camilo , Chiscano Luis , Herrador Lorena , Gabaldón Alejandra , Irene Buera  , Vidal Maria , De la Iglesia Ana , Díaz Maria Ángeles , López Elena , Font Marta , Barrabés Jose A. , Riera Jordi , Ferreira-González Ignacio , Ferrer Ricard
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Cases of myocarditis after COVID-19 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines administration have been reported. Although the majority follow a mild course, fulminant presentations may occur. In these cases, cardiopulmonary support with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) may be needed.

Results

We present two cases supported with V-A ECMO for refractory cardiogenic shock due to myocarditis secondary to a mRNA SARS-CoV2 vaccine. One of the cases was admitted for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. In both, a peripheral V-A ECMO was implanted in the cath lab using the Seldinger technique. An intra-aortic balloon pump was needed in one case for left ventricle unloading. Support could be successfully withdrawn in a mean of five days. No major bleeding or thrombosis complications occurred. Whereas an endomyocardial biopsy was performed in both, a definite microscopic diagnosis just could be reached in one of them. Treatment was the same, using 1000mg of methylprednisolone/day for three days. A cardiac magnetic resonance was performed ten days after admission, showing a significant improvement of the left ventricular ejection fraction and diffuse oedema and subepicardial contrast intake in different segments. Both cases were discharged fully recovered, with CPC 1.

Conclusions

COVID-19 vaccine-associated fulminant myocarditis has a high morbidity and mortality but presents a high potential for recovery. V-A ECMO should be established in cases with refractory cardiogenic shock during the acute phase.
Modelify: An approach to incrementally build 3D object models for map completion
Authors: Furrer Fadri , Novkovic Tonci , Fehr Marius , Grinvald Margarita , Cadena Cesar , Nieto Juan , Siegwart Roland
Published: April 2023

The capabilities of discovering new knowledge and updating the previously acquired one are crucial for deploying autonomous robots in unknown and changing environments. Spatial and objectness concepts are at the basis of several robotic functionalities and are part of the intuitive understanding of the physical world for us humans. In this paper, we propose a method, which we call Modelify, to incrementally map the environment at the level of objects in a consistent manner. We follow an approach where no prior knowledge of the environment is required. The only assumption we make is that objects in the environment are separated by concave boundaries. The approach works on an RGB-D camera stream, where object-like segments are extracted and stored in an incremental database. Segment description and matching are performed by exploiting 2D and 3D information, allowing to build a graph of all segments. Finally, a matching score guides a Markov clustering algorithm to merge segments, thus completing object representations. Our approach allows creating single (merged) instances of repeating objects, objects that were observed from different viewpoints, and objects that were observed in previous mapping sessions. Thanks to our matching and merging strategies this also works with only partially overlapping segments. We perform evaluations on indoor and outdoor datasets recorded with different RGB-D sensors and show the benefit of using a clustering method to form merge candidates and keypoints detected in both 2D and 3D. Our new method shows better results than previous approaches while being significantly faster. A newly recorded dataset and the source code are released with this publication.
Fabrication of 3D Printed Modified Activator for Correction of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion: An Innovative Modification
Authors: Parmar Akshay , Jaju Krishnakumar , Mahamuni Avinash , Gore Ketan
Published: April 2023

Activator is a commonly used appliance that Andresen and Haupl created to correct retrognathic mandible in 1908. The appliance opens the bite, and the mandible is advanced for class II correction. However, it has disadvantages like strenuous laboratory work (back office work) and any error leading to ill-fitting. Whereas the advantages of a 3D printed activator over a conventional one can be less chair-side time, high-quality finish, relatively fast, good accuracy, etc. Thus, we introduce 3D printed activator a novel modification in the present fabrication method to make it more precise and ease the back office work.
Stability analysis of arbitrary restrained nanobeam embedded in an elastic medium via nonlocal strain gradient theory
Authors: Uzun Büşra , Yaylı Mustafa Özgür
Published: April 2023

A novel stability model is analytically reformulated for the nano-sized beam resting on a one-parameter elastic foundation. The stability solution is based on the nonlocal strain gradient elasticity theory. To corporate the small size effects, two small scale parameters are introduced. The six-order ordinary differential form of the buckling equation, together with two force boundary conditions, are utilized to examine the stability equation in terms of lateral deflection. The infinite terms of linear equations are discretized with the help of the Stokes’ transformation and Fourier sine series. The present work can investigate the effects of elastic spring parameters at the ends, nonlocal properties, elastic medium properties, strain gradient parameter, and buckling behavior of the nanobeam. The predictions of the proposed analytical model with deformable boundary conditions are in agreement with those available in the scientific literature for the nanobeam on elastic foundation based on a closed form of solution. The presence of the deformable conditions, elastic foundation, nonlocal, and strain gradient properties change the buckling loads and buckling mode shapes.
Efficacy of surgical treatment in patients with trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis: A prospective study of 18 cases with evaluation of outcome and complications by independent evaluators
Authors: Worm Jacob , Noory Navid , Smilkov Emil Andonov , Heinskou Tone Bruvik , Andersen Anne Sofie Schott , Springborg Jacob Bertram , Rochat Per , Frederiksen Jette Lautrup , Bendtsen Lars , Maarbjerg Stine
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Medical treatments for trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis have low efficacy and tolerability and scientific evidence regarding efficacy of neurosurgery is scarce. We aimed to assess neurosurgical outcome and complications in trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis.

Methods

Patients with trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis who underwent microvascular decompression, glycerol rhizolysis or balloon compression were prospectively and consecutively included from 2012 to 2019. Preoperatively, we systematically obtained clinical characteristics and performed a 3.0 Tesla MRI. Follow-up at three, six and 12 months was performed by independent assessors.

Results

We included 18 patients. Of the seven patients treated with microvascular decompression, two patients (29%) had an excellent outcome (both had neurovascular contact with morphological changes), three patients (43%) had a good outcome, one patient (14%) had treatment failure and one patient (14%) had a fatal outcome. Three patients (43%) had major complications. Of 11 patients treated with percutaneous procedures, seven patients (64%) had an excellent or good outcome with major complications in three patients (27%).

Conclusion

Percutaneous procedures provided acceptable outcome and complication rates and should be offered to the majority of patients with trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis who need surgery. Microvascular decompression is less effective and has a higher complication rate in trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis compared to microvascular decompression in classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. Microvascular decompression should only be considered in patients with trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis when they have neurovascular contact with morphological changes.
Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Alternative Approaches to Incorporate Recycled Binder Availability into Mixture Design Procedures
Authors: Mocelin Douglas Martins , Isied Mayzan Maher , Alvis Maria Carolina Aparicio , Kusam Abhilash , Underwood B. Shane , Kim Y. Richard , Castorena Cassie
Published: April 2023

There is currently uncertainty in how to properly account for partial recycled binder availability within asphalt mixture design procedures so that content of recycled asphalt materials (RAM) can be maximized while still achieving good performance. This study evaluates and compares two alternative approaches to consider partial availability in mixture design: availability adjusted mix design (AAMD) and corrected optimum asphalt content (COAC). The AAMD method revises the calculation of volumetric properties by considering unavailable binder as part of the bulk aggregate volume and uses the RAM gradation to design the aggregate structure. In the COAC method, a mixture is first designed following the conventional Superpave procedures and then a specified increase to the virgin asphalt content is made. Two “control” mixtures containing RAM are evaluated that were originally designed according to the standard Superpave method. Alternative designs were prepared according to the COAC and AAMD methods while maintaining the RAM content in the respective control mixture. Baseline virgin mixtures and one mixture designed following the AAMD method with higher reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content were also prepared. The cracking and rutting performance of the resultant mixtures was evaluated. The results show that the AAMD and COAC approaches lead to an improved cracking performance compared with the control mixtures even for the mixture designed with AAMD at a higher RAP content. However, the mixture designs prepared according to the COAC method presented increased rutting whereas the AAMD mixtures remained at the same level as their respective control mixture.