bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assistência de enfermagem à saúde da mulher na Atenção Básica: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Frazão Maria Gabriela de Oliveira , Lopes Ester Teixeira , Couto Sabrina Iracema da Silva , Silva Larissa Gabriele Farias e , Mousinho Maria Gabriela Cristina Pereira , Araújo Milena Catarine Silva , Silva Danielly Danubia da , Melo Alicia Nathalia Lemos de , Silva Dayana Ruthyally da Rocha , Silva Diego Wictor da , Lopes Laryssa Grazielle Feitosa
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Relatar com base na literatura científica como é realizada a assistência de enfermagem à saúde da mulher na atenção básica, buscando descrever seus benefícios e discutindo seu funcionamento. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura de cunho exploratório e quantitativo, realizada nas bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Banco de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF), foram utilizados artigos escritos no idioma português, publicados no período entre 2017 e 2021. Resultados: Foram encontrados 537 artigos no total, após rigor metodológico por meio dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 11 artigos, sendo 0 na MEDLINE, 5 na LILACS, 0 na SCIELO e 6 na BDENF. A apuração das informações foi feita de forma descritiva e predispôs a etapa de extração dos dados: autor, título, tipo de estudo, objetivo e ano de publicação. Conclusão: O estudo evidenciou que na atenção básica a enfermagem mostra uma influência indispensável, que de acordo com as normativas e políticas atribuídas aos enfermeiros sobre seu caráter assistencial, ético e de gerenciamento existe questões de senso comum que os profissionais devem compor para garantir o cuidado contínuo.
Controle de segurança para reação de etoxilação em um reator semi-batelada
Authors: Souza Heloísa do Nascimento , Brito Karoline Dantas , Misael Carla Gabriela Azevedo , Gonçalves Renata Caroline de Farias , Brito Romildo Pereira
Published: January 2022

Os surfactantes não iônicos são importantes produtos químicos, pois são matéria-prima na produção de solventes, detergentes, tintas etc. São produzidos através da reação de etoxilação, realizada em reatores semi-batelada, a partir da reação entre o óxido de etileno e um substrato orgânico, na presença de um catalisador básico como o KOH. Devido à instabilidade e reatividade do óxido de etileno, a etoxilação é uma reação altamente exotérmica, onde se faz necessário a presença de um sistema de troca térmica, com um rigoroso controle de temperatura e pressão para que explosões não ocorram. Neste trabalho, a etoxilação do nonilfenol, para obtenção do nonilfenol 9 EO (nonoxynol 9) foi simulada no Aspen Plus Dynamics® onde foram implementados e avaliados controles de temperatura, pressão e vazão da batelada. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o controle a partir da resposta de ∆P (diferença entre a pressão limite de operação e a pressão real do reator) é eficaz, fazendo com que a pressão do reator permaneça controlada e menor que as pressões limites do sistema ao longo do processo de reação.
Estudo dos efeitos da radiofrequência no tratamento facial em mulheres com faixa etária de 30 a 50 anos
Authors: Feitosa Bianca Viana , Palma Ana Luiza do Rosário
Published: January 2022

O envelhecimento facial afeta a pele, provocando alterações funcionais e morfológicas, permanentes e irreversíveis devido à baixa produção de fibras de colágeno e elastina à partir dos 25 anos, tornando-se acentuada à partir dos 40 anos. Exposição ao sol, estresse, maus hábitos (tabagismo e consumo excessivo de álcool), poluição ambiental, má alimentação, deficiência de vitaminas, proporcionam o aparecimento de linhas de expressão e flacidez na pele. O avanço da tecnologia possibilita o retardamento do envelhecimento facial, como a radiofrequência que é uma tecnologia indolor e não invasiva, capaz de agir sobre as camadas cutâneas e subcutâneas, promovendo ativação dos fibroblastos para produzir fibras de colágeno e elastina, através de um processo inflamatório controlado, melhorando a flacidez tecidual e linhas de expressão. Objetivo: analisar os possíveis efeitos da radiofrequência bipolar na face. Metodologia: o trabalho se caracteriza por pesquisa experimental com sessões semanais seguindo o protocolo e especificações do fabricante. Participaram da pesquisa, cinco voluntárias selecionadas por critério de inclusão, sendo mulheres entre 30 e 50 anos, com pele clara com alta flacidez facial. Resultados: Todas as voluntárias tiveram um resultado satisfatório. É possível notar melhoras na hidratação, diminuição das marcas de expressões. 80% das voluntárias não se queixaram de desconforto durante a sessões. Conclusão: A radiofrequência é uma alternativa indicada e segura para fins estéticos. A ação do tratamento ocasiona o estímulo de  fibras de colágeno, promovendo melhorias na hidratação profunda da pele, rejuvenescimento facial, melhorias na aparência e aspecto e amenização das linhas e marcas de expressão.
Tecnologia em enfermagem: análise conceitual à luz do modelo evolucionário de Rodgers
Authors: Salbego Cléton , Nietsche Elisabeta Albertina , Ilha Aline Gomes , Ramos Tierle Kosloski , Cogo Silvana Bastos , Antunes Andrei Pompeu
Published: January 2022

O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a evolução do conceito de tecnologia em enfermagem empregado nas teses e dissertações brasileiras de enfermagem. Utilizou-se a análise conceitual, norteado pelo modelo evolucionário de Rodgers. Coleta de dados de fevereiro a março de 2019, mediante consulta aos relatórios depositados no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior entre 2005 a 2018 e, posteriormente a captação, houve análise descritiva. Os antecedentes e consequentes remeteram a integralidade no cuidado, tecnologia, informação, globalização e prática clínica em enfermagem. Os termos substitutos associam-se ao conceito de interesse. Os conceitos relacionados foram os apresentados por pesquisadores como Merhy e Nietsche. Os atributos do conceito podem ser categorizados como gerais. Concluiu-se que a compreensão sobre o conceito de tecnologia evoluiu teoricamente e na aplicação na prática de enfermagem. O conceito perpassou a atuação do enfermeiro frente à gerência, educação e assistência direta ou indiretamente relacionadas ao cuidado.
Desafios da implementação do BIM em microempresas da indústria AEC
Authors: Martins Marllon Christian José , Silva Natalia Assunção Brasil , Teixeira Emmanuel Kennedy da Costa
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho visa determinar os desafios no processo de implementação do Building Information Modeling (BIM) nas microempresas do setor de Arquitetura, Engenharia e Construção (AEC). A metodologia aplicada consistiu em uma abordagem exploratória, a partir do levantamento de opiniões dos profissionais atuantes no setor de AEC, acerca da aplicabilidade e nível de dificuldade dos desafios no processo de implementação do BIM à realidade das microempresas. Para levantamento de opiniões valeu-se da aplicação de um questionário on-line elaborado em conformidade com a revisão da literatura técnico-científica sobre o assunto. No estudo foi possível identificar e avaliar o nível de dificuldade de 41 desafios no processo de implementação do BIM à realidade das microempresas, evidenciando que o desconhecimento, por parte dos clientes de empresas, sobre as vantagens do BIM é o mais crítico entre eles. Foram identificados 13 desafios não citados na literatura existente. Desse modo, ao organizar, avaliar e categorizar os desafios, conclui-se que o desenvolvimento de um plano de implementação, com estratégias baseadas nos desafios identificados nesta pesquisa, pode auxiliar no processo de implementação do BIM nas microempresas do setor de AEC.
A relação entre a autoeficácia e o autoconceito em jovens atletas de futebol: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Corrêa Willian Henrique , Rocha Adair José Pereira da , Brun Gilson , Vagetti Gislaine Cristina , Oliveira Valdomiro de
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: investigar estudos encontrados no meio científico/acadêmico que relacionem a autoeficácia ou o autoconceito com jovens atletas de futebol. Método: A revisão de escopo foi realizada utilizando-se da metodologia elaborada pelo Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI) e inclui estudos em plataformas de pesquisa. Foram considerados estudos publicados em inglês, espanhol, português, utilizando um limite de data de 10 anos nas pesquisas, literatura cinzenta, teses e dissertações. A estratégia de busca seguiu o processo natural de rastreio de documentos, com a pesquisa feita nas seguintes bases de dados: Periódicos CAPES, BVS, SportDiscus, Eric, Pepsic e PsychINFO. Foram usados os descritores “self-efficacy”, “self-concept”, “soccer”, “young athletes” e “collective sports”. Resultado: Foram selecionados 11 artigos, sendo estes de interesse na relação da autoeficácia com jovens atletas de futebol ou relacionados a outra modalidade esportiva. Conclusão: Nestes artigos, encontramos uma série de pesquisas que possuem metodologias diferentes para explorar estas questões. Interessante notar que os estudos envolvem vários elementos que fazem parte do contexto esportivo, como por exemplo: a família e os treinadores, peças chaves para o sucesso desportivo do atleta. Os trabalhos não possuem uma forma de investigação única, o que mostra como este tema pode ser submetido a várias formas de análise e pesquisado de maneira diversa. Após o processo de seleção e análise, não foram encontrados estudos que relacionem o autoconceito com jovens atletas de futebol.
Resistência antimicrobiana da Salmonella spp. em suínos: Revisão
Authors: Lantmann Thiago Langer , Simonetti Tainá , Kindlein Liris , Mello João Roberto Braga de
Published: January 2022

A suinocultura representa uma atividade muito relevante para o Brasil, gerando empregos, renda e desenvolvimento. Atualmente, o mercado nacional e internacional vem exigindo um status sanitário de rebanho cada vez mais qualificado. Dentro disso, a salmonelose é uma enfermidade que merece destaque. A Salmonella é um agente etiológico de grande envolvimento em surtos alimentares em seres humanos, e vem apresentando um forte aumento no condizente à resistência antimicrobiana devido ao uso indiscriminado de antibióticos em animais de produção e pacientes, tornando-se uma ameaça à saúde pública por todo o globo. O surgimento de isolados de Salmonella com tal resistência foi descrito em humanos, alimentos e animais para consumo. Por esse motivo, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura no condizente à Salmonella spp. e sua resistência frente à utilização de antibioticoterapia na suinocultura, com consulta de instruções normativas, teses e artigos científicos de diversas bases de dados, tais como Scielo, ScienceDirect e PubMed. Pôde-se constatar a grande resistência antimicrobiana de Salmonella frente aos inúmeros princípios ativos utilizados na antibioticoterapia na suinocultura ao longo dos anos. Foi constatado também, que para os próximos anos a tendência é da utilização de alternativas à antibióticos, como óleos essenciais, ácidos orgânicos e inorgânicos, entre outros.
Cirurgia parendodôntica para remoção de um cisto periapical: relato de caso
Authors: Travassos Rosana Maria Coelho , Rodrigues Éwerton Daniel Rocha , Zimmerle Camila Marques , Carvalho Fernanda Raquel Cabral Campos , Monteiro Jade Rodrigues , Mendes Thays de Souza , Falcão Marina Maria Ferreira , Cavalcanti Maria Eduarda de Morais
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Descrever o caso clínico em que foi realizado uma cirurgia parendodôntica para remoção de um cisto periapical, associada à apicectomia e obturação retrógrada de MTA. Metodologia: Após assinatura do TCLE pelo paciente, realizou- o relato de um caso clínico analítico e descritivo realizado na Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco, FOP – UPE. Resultados: Paciente de 19 anos de idade, gênero masculino, sem doenças de base, procurou o atendimento clínico na Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco com o objetivo de finalizar o tratamento endodôntico em um dente portador de lesão periapical extensa e ápice aberto, uma vez que não se conseguiu obturar devido a drenagem de coleção purulenta via canal radicular. Após solicitação e análise da tomografia cone beam, optou-se pela execução de uma cirurgia paraendodôntica realizada para enucleação do cisto periapical e, após o corte do ápice, realizou-se a obturação retrógrada com MTA com o intuito de realizar em porta sessão a obturação do canal radicular. Considerações Finais: Constatou-se que a cirurgia parendodôntica aliada à apicectomia e obturação retrógrada com MTA determinou o sucesso do tratamento, resultando no reparo da radiotransparência óssea periapical.
Educação na modernidade líquida: o desafio em educar
Authors: Silva Fabio José Antonio da , Marques Ronualdo , Marinho Paulo Roberto Ribeiro , Polak Avanilde , Barbosa Vinícius Guiraldelli , Merlin Marco Antônio Ribeiro , Cruz Mauricio Barcelos de Barros , Ribeiro Gilson Alves , Pereira Antônio Igo Barreto , Gomes Gilmarques Lopes
Published: January 2022

A educação foi, no passado, capaz de ajustar-se às circunstâncias em mudança e assim fornecer alguma base; mas a mudança presente não é como as mudanças passadas e a arte de viver em um mundo saturado de informações ainda tem que ser aprendido. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi relacionar a educação na modernidade líquida e o desafio de educar. O poderoso fluxo da modernidade sólida para a modernidade líquida pressagiado novas mudanças sociais até então desconhecidas em alcance e velocidade está criando novas condições sem precedentes nas quais os indivíduos devem perseguir seus objetivos fragmentários. A educação no passado assumiu muitas formas e provou ser capaz de se ajustar às mudanças e circunstâncias, estabelecendo novos objetivos e desenhando novas estratégias. Transferir para os alunos individualmente a responsabilidade pela composição da trajetória de ensino/aprendizagem reflete a crescente relutância dos alunos em assumir compromissos de longo prazo que restringem o leque de opções futuras e limitam o campo de manobra. Entre os efeitos conspícuos das pressões desinstitucionalizantes estão a "privatização" e a "individualização" dos ambientes e situações de ensino-aprendizagem, bem como uma substituição gradual, mas implacável, da relação ortodoxa professor-aluno com o fornecedor-cliente, ou compras -padrão de compras de shopping. Este é o cenário social em que os educadores de hoje se encontram obrigados a operar.
PENGGUNAAN CAMPUR KODE BAHASA SASAK KE BAHASA ARAB DALAM KOMUNIKASI DI ASRAMA MA’HAD HIKMATUSYSYARIEF
Authors: & Like Raskova Octaberlina Syarifah
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This study discusses the use of mixed Sasak language codes into Arabic in communicating in dormitories. In this study, researchers found that there are two types of mixed code used by students in Ma'had Hikmatusysyarief in communicating daily, namely, mixing code outward (outer code mixing) and mixing code into (inner code mixing). And there are two forms of mixed code the first, sasak code to Arabic code, the second Indonesian code to Sasak code. The method that researchers use is the listening method, . This method of hearing (see) can be the same as observation or observation if in social sciences. Researchers conducted direct observations at Ma'had Hikmatusysyarief dormitory, Narmada West Lombok. With data collection, have conversations with respondents. The method in this study also used fishing methods, researchers lured informants to speak.Keywords: Code Mix, Sasak Language, Arabic
POLA ASUH ORANGTUA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN NILAI AGAMA MORAL ANAK USIA DINI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 DI TK WACHID HASYIM SURABAYA
Authors: Maulida Susi , Ismawati Putri
Published: January 2022

Abstract Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh nilai agama dan moral anak usia dini (4-6 tahun) kurangnya kemampuan anak dalam nilai kemoralan dan agama anak usia dini. Rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pola asuh orangtua terhadap perkembangan nilai agama moral anak usia dini di TK Wachid Hasyim Surabaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menjawab rumusan masalah dan penelitian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif melalui pendekatan fenomenologi dengan subyek penelitian yaitu anak usia 4-6 tahun di. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh diperiksa keabsahan datanya dengan triangulasi sumber, metode dan waktu. Data dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data model interaktif Miles and Huberman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: 1) Pengembangan nilai agama dan moral di TK Wachid Hasyim Surabaya dengan pola asuh demokratis, dengan cara mengajarkan nilai kereligiusan, kemandirian, sopansantun, kemudian hal-hal yang baik melaluiproses pembiasaan. 2) Faktor pendukung pengembangan nilai agama dan moral pada anak usia dini yaitu (a) adanya relawan mahasiswa yang motivasi pada anak, (b) perhatian orangtua dalam memeberikan pembelajaran nilai agama dan moral pada anak. Sementara itu faktor penghambat pengembangan nilai agama dan moral pada anak usia dini adalah (a) kondisi lingkungan yang dapat memberikan pengaruh negatif kepada anak, baik itu dari perkataan, sikap, maupun cara berpakaian yang kurang baik dan sopan, (b) minimnya pemahaman orangtua terhadap pelajaran keagamaan, (c) minimnya orangtua memberikan contoh kepada anak, dikarenakan waktu orangtua bersama anak sangat sedikit.
FEATURES OF ZnO APPLICATION IN THE STRUCTURE OF HYDROGEN FUEL CELL
Authors: Ostroverkh Anna , Ostroverkh Yevhenii , Kovalenko Leonid , Samelyuk Anatoly , Bezdorozhev Oleksii , Vasylyev Oleksandr , Solonin Yurii
Published: January 2022

The work is devoted to zinc oxide and the prospects of its use for the needs of hydrogen energy. The influence of zinc oxide on electrolyte materials for ceramic fuel cells is determined. The properties of ceramics based on 8YSZ were investigated by adding 0.5 wt.% nanopowder of zinc oxide according to the me­thod of the research of zinc oxide ceramics. The electrical conductivity of 8YSZ in an oxy­gen atmosphere shows a better conductivity characteristic, but 8YSZ-ZnO ceramics have better mechanical properties and higher reactivity in real fuel cell conditions.

It was found that zinc oxide has a positive effect on the open voltage of SOFC in the temperature range from 320 °C to 600 °C. The maximum value of the open voltage for the electrolyte 8YSZ-ZnO was obtained at a temperature of 520 °C with a value of 1.02 V, in turn for the electrolyte of pure 8YSZ the maximum value was 0.92 V at a temperature of 600 °C. The small amount of data on the use of pure zinc oxide as an electrolyte opens up opportunities for thorough analysis and determination of optimal technological parameters that will accelerate the introduction of hydrogen energy technologies with operating tempe­ratures below 600 ºC. From a brief overview of existing zinc oxide-based materials in fuel cells, materials with mixed conductivity and low sintering temperatures are the most promising and effective for implementation in real systems.

Data on the effect of sintering temperature on the porosity of ceramics with 8YSZ-ZnO and 8YSZ determined that the porosity of samples of both types decreases significantly with increasing sintering temperature of powders, but the addition of zinc oxide to 8YSZ-ZnO composite allows to obtain dense ceramics at temperatures below 100 °C than for pure 8YSZ. Regarding the strength of 8YSZ-ZnO ceramics, it increases with increasing sintering temperature and has higher values ​​relative to pure 8YSZ. Both porosity and strength change rapidly in the range of 1200–1300 °C and slowly in the range of 1300–1400 °C, due to the sintering temperature of ceramics made of pure zinc oxide 1100–1200 °C. Improving the sintering conditions of ceramics and mechanical properties reveal its advantage in the addition of zinc oxide.
Show Me the Money: Information, Strategies, and Guidelines for Applying to External Grants and Fellowships in Graduate School
Authors: Torres-Beltran Angie , Mailhot Cameron , Dorssom Elizabeth , Boyes Christina
Published: January 2022

Fellowships and grants are a vital component of a successful and competitive academic record. However, the process of applying for and winning fellowships/grants is often opaque, forming a part of the “hidden curriculum.” We seek to “pull back the curtain” on fellowships/grants through three steps. First, we provide an overview of the utility of external fellowships/grants and discuss the different purposes that grants/fellowships can serve for graduate students throughout their graduate career. Second, we discuss potential trade-offs that might occur in the process of securing fellowships/grants. Finally, drawing from our own experiences, we provide guidance, strategies, and best practices for applying to these funding sources, with particular attention to differences in funding purpose, timing, and the profiles of the applicant. **NOTE: This manuscript is part of Strategies for Navigating Graduate School and Beyond, a forthcoming volume for those interested in pursuing graduate education in political science (Fall 2022 publication)
Robin's criterion on divisibility
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: January 2022

Robin's criterion states that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if the inequality $\sigma(n) < e^{\gamma } \times n \times \log \log n$ holds for all natural numbers $n > 5040$, where $\sigma(n)$ is the sum-of-divisors function of $n$ and $\gamma \approx 0.57721$ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant. We show that the Robin inequality is true for all natural numbers $n > 5040$ that are not divisible by some prime between $2$ and $1771559$. We prove that the Robin inequality holds when $\frac{\pi^{2}}{6} \times\log\logn'\leq\log\logn$ for some $n>5040$ where $n'$ is the square free kernel of the natural number $n$. The possible smallest counterexample $n>5040$ of the Robin inequality implies that $q_{m}>e^{30.99733785}$, $1<\frac{1.25\times\log(4.7312714399)}{\log q_{m}}+\frac{\log N_{m}}{\log n}$, $(\log n)^{\beta}<1.0501395952\times\log(N_{m})$ and $n<(4.7312714399)^{m}\timesN_{m}$, where $N_{m}=\prod_{i=1}^{m}q_{i}$ is the primorial number of order $m$, $q_{m}$ is the largest prime divisor of $n$ and $\beta=\prod_{i =1}^{m}\frac{q_{i}^{a_{i}+1}}{q_{i}^{a_{i}+1}-1}$ when $n$ is an Hardy-Ramanujan integer of the form $\prod_{i=1}^{m}q_{i}^{a_{i}}$.
DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL ANALYSIS FOR DAM SITE SELECTION USING GIS
Authors: zomrawi nagi , Alkhuzai Khalid
Published: January 2022

This research work oriented to use Geographical Information System (GIS) in mapping and selection of dam/reservoir site in Albaha Area (KSA) based on analyzing Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The Digital Elevation Model of the study area was used as a base of this study. After identifying the most suitable site for locating dam/reservoir, three cases were studied; Higher elevation, Intermediate and Lower elevation. Results showed that the topography of the study area can be utilized to locate a proposed dam at Almikhwah province. This dam can reserve water between about 426 to 9.8 million cubic meters with a dam height of 78 to 5 m respectively. On the other hand, the proposed dam length may vary from 625 to 247m. Moreover, GIS tools with DEM reflect powerful, easy, quick, and cheap tools for preliminary dam or reservoir site selection.
Itamaracá: A Novel Simple Way to Generate Pseudo-random Numbers
Authors: Henrique Pereira Daniel
Published: January 2022

In this paper was presented Itamaracá, a novel simple way to generate pseudo random numbers. In general vision we can say that Itamaracá tends to pass in some statistical tests like frequency, chi square, autocorrelation, run sequence and run test. As an effect to comparison also was taking into account the results of the function RandBetween by Microsoft Excel and true random numbers by Random Org analyzed its distinctive characteristics as well as with the proposal model. In this sense, the goal of this study is contributing to growing the existing Pseudo Random Number Generators (PRNGs) portfolio.
Deep Learning for Automated Analysis of Cellular and Extracellular Components of the Foreign Body Response in Multiphoton Microscopy Images
Authors: Sarti Mattia , Parlani Maria , Diaz-Gomez Luis , Mikos Antonios G. , Cerveri Pietro , Casarin Stefano , Dondossola Eleonora
Published: January 2022

The Foreign body response (FBR) is a major unresolved challenge that compromises medical implant integration and function by inflammation and fibrotic encapsulation. Mice implanted with polymeric scaffolds coupled to intravital non-linear multiphoton microscopy acquisition enable multiparametric, longitudinal investigation of the FBR evolution and interference strategies. However, follow-up analyses based on visual localization and manual segmentation are extremely time-consuming, subject to human error, and do not allow for automated parameter extraction. We developed an integrated computational pipeline based on an innovative and versatile variant of the U-Net neural network to segment and quantify cellular and extracellular structures of interest, which is maintained across different objectives without impairing accuracy. This software for automatically detecting the elements of the FBR shows promise to unravel the complexity of this pathophysiological process.
Fluorescent Copper Nanomaterials for Sensing NO2− and Temperature
Authors: Wang Ning , Ga Lu , Ai Jun , Wang Yong
Published: January 2022

In this work, highly fluorescent copper nanomaterials were synthesized by using ascorbic acid as a ligand. The excitation wavelength of copper nanomaterials is 367 nm, and the emission wavelength is 420 nm. The size range is 5–6 nm. Nitrite can selectively quench the fluorescence of copper nanomaterials. Therefore, copper nanomaterials can be used to selectively detect nitrite ions. The linear equation is F = −32.94 c (NO2−) + 8,455, and the correlation coefficient is 0.9435. At the same time, we found that the fluorescence intensity of copper nanomaterials has a good correlation with temperature (20–60°C), which shows that they have great potential in the application of nanothermometers.
The Sensitivity of Tsunami Impact to Earthquake Source Parameters and Manning Friction in High-Resolution Inundation Simulations
Authors: Gibbons Steven J. , Lorito Stefano , de la Asunción Marc , Volpe Manuela , Selva Jacopo , Macías Jorge , Sánchez-Linares Carlos , Brizuela Beatriz , Vöge Malte , Tonini Roberto , Lanucara Piero , Glimsdal Sylfest , Romano Fabrizio , Meyer Jan Christian , Løvholt Finn
Published: January 2022

In seismically active regions with variable dominant focal mechanisms, there is considerable tsunami inundation height uncertainty. Basic earthquake source parameters such as dip, strike, and rake affect significantly the tsunamigenic potential and the tsunami directivity. Tsunami inundation is also sensitive to other properties such as bottom friction. Despite their importance, sensitivity to these basic parameters is surprisingly sparsely studied in literature. We perform suites of systematic parameter searches to investigate the sensitivity of inundation at the towns of Catania and Siracusa on Sicily to changes both in the earthquake source parameters and the Manning friction. The inundation is modelled using the Tsunami-HySEA shallow water code on a system of nested topo-bathymetric grids with a finest spatial resolution of 10 m. This GPU-based model, with significant HPC resources, allows us to perform large numbers of high-resolution tsunami simulations. We analyze the variability of different hydrodynamic parameters due to large earthquakes with uniform slip at different locations, focal depth, and different source parameters. We consider sources both near the coastline, in which significant near-shore co-seismic deformation occurs, and offshore, where near-shore co-seismic deformation is negligible. For distant offshore earthquake sources, we see systematic and intuitive changes in the inundation with changes in strike, dip, rake, and depth. For near-shore sources, the dependency is far more complicated and co-determined by both the source mechanisms and the coastal morphology. The sensitivity studies provide directions on how to resolve the source discretization to optimize the number of sources in Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis, and they demonstrate a need for a far finer discretization of local sources than for more distant sources. For a small number of earthquake sources, we study systematically the inundation as a function of the Manning coefficient. The sensitivity of the inundation to this parameter varies greatly for different earthquake sources and topo-bathymetry at the coastline of interest. The friction greatly affects the velocities and momentum flux and to a lesser but still significant extent the inundation distance from the coastline. An understanding of all these dependencies is needed to better quantify the hazard when source complexity increases.
Numerical Simulation of Rock Dynamic NSCB Test Based on a Self-Developed Dynamic Damage Model
Authors: Hu Xuelong , Duan Minke , Tu Min , Zhang Xiangyang , Zhang Ming , Xu Wenyao
Published: January 2022

Elucidating and understanding the dynamic fracture characteristics of rocks play an essential role in the application of rock engineering and geophysics. In this study, based on a self-developed dynamic damage model, a rock notched semi-circle bend test with the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar technique is numerically simulated. The study focuses on three aspects including damage evolution, energy evolution, and failure mode of rock under different loading velocities. From the simulated results, the following conclusions can be conducted: 1) the damage range increases gradually with the increase of loading velocity; 2) the crack propagates to the loading point along the symmetry axis of the samples under different loading velocities; 3) the loading velocity has an important influence on the failure mode of straight notch semi-circular marble, whose mechanism can be explained by that the local high strain rate leads to the obvious randomness and uncertainty of crack activation in rock; and 4) the energy evolution of notched semi-circle bend is vitally affected by loading velocity, and the deformation and the failure process of straight notch semicircular marble under dynamic loading can be divided into five stages according to the ratio of internal energy to total energy. The beneficial findings may provide some references in practice design from engineering problems.
Correlation Between Serum Uric Acid and Body Fat Distribution in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Yuqin , Cai Meili , Dilimulati Diliqingna , Lin Ziwei , Sun Hang , Cui Ran , Fei Hongxiang , Gao Xinxin , Zeng Qiongjing , Shao Xiaowen , Zhang Manna , Qu Shen
Published: January 2022

Objective

This study aims to investigate the correlation between serum uric acid levels and body fat distribution in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods

Between May 2017 and March 2021, a total of 199 patients with PCOS were recruited from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital. Anthropometric characteristics, metabolic parameters, and reproductive hormones were measured. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid (SUA) greater than 420 μmol/l. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to measure body fat distribution.

Results

The prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with PCOS was 28.64%. PCOS patients with hyperuricemia are more obese and have a higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and worse lipid metabolism than those without hyperuricemia. According to SUA quartiles, patients in the highest quartile had higher total testosterone (TT), body fat accumulation, and lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) than patients in the lowest quartile. SUA was correlated with percentage of total body fat, arm fat mass, leg fat mass, trunk fat mass, android/gynoid (A/G) ratio, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass. After controlling possible confounders, logistic regression analysis found that only excessive VAT mass could significantly increase the risk of hyperuricemia in patients with PCOS.

Conclusion

In patients with PCOS, a high level of VAT mass, but not other fat compartments, will exacerbate the risk of hyperuricemia. Attention should be paid to the role of excessive VAT in the occurrence and development of PCOS with hyperuricemia.
Further Delineation of the Spectrum of XMEN Disease in Six Chinese Pediatric Patients
Authors: Peng Xiaomin , Lu Yi , Wang Huijun , Wu Bingbing , Gan Mingyu , Xu Suzhen , Zhuang Deyi , Wang Jianshe , Sun Jinqiao , Wang Xiaochuan , Zhou Wenhao
Published: January 2022

X-linked MAGT1 deficiency with increased susceptibility to EBV-infection and N-linked glycosylation defect (XMEN) disease is a primary immunodeficiency caused by loss-of-function variants in the MAGT1 gene. Only two patients from one family have been diagnosed with XMEN in China. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the genetic, clinical, and immunological characteristics of six pediatric patients in a Chinese cohort. Medical records were retrieved, immunological phenotypes were assessed, and infectious microbes in patients were detected. Six male patients (mean age, 6.3 years) from five unrelated families were genetically diagnosed as XMEN. Five patients presented with a major complaint of elevated liver enzymes, while one patient was referred for recurrent fever, cough and skin rash. Five patients developed EBV viremia, and one patient developed non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Histopathological findings from liver biopsy tissues showed variable hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, inflammatory infiltration, and glycogenosis. Immune phenotypes included CD4 T-cell lymphopenia, elevated B cells, inverted CD4/CD8 ratios, and elevated αβDNTs. No pathogenic microbes other than EBV were identified in these patients. This study reports the clinical and molecular features of Chinese patients with XMEN. For patients with transaminase elevation, chronic EBV infection and EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease, the possibility of XMEN should be considered in addition to isolated liver diseases.
Case Report: Biallelic Loss of Function ATM due to Pathogenic Synonymous and Novel Deep Intronic Variant c.1803-270T > G Identified by Genome Sequencing in a Child With Ataxia–Telangiectasia
Authors: Maroilley Tatiana , Wright Nicola A. M. , Diao Catherine , MacLaren Linda , Pfeffer Gerald , Sarna Justyna R. , Billie Au Ping Yee , Tarailo-Graovac Maja
Published: January 2022

Ataxia–telangiectasia (AT) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with an increased risk for bone marrow failure and malignancy. AT is caused by biallelic loss of function variants in ATM, which encodes a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase that responds to DNA damage. Herein, we report a child with progressive ataxia, chorea, and genome instability, highly suggestive of AT. The clinical ataxia gene panel identified a maternal heterozygous synonymous variant (NM_000051.3: c.2250G > A), previously described to result in exon 14 skipping. Subsequently, trio genome sequencing led to the identification of a novel deep intronic variant [NG_009830.1(NM_000051.3): c.1803-270T > G] inherited from the father. Transcript analyses revealed that c.1803-270T > G results in aberrant inclusion of 56 base pairs of intron 11. In silico tests predicted a premature stop codon as a consequence, suggesting non-functional ATM; and DNA repair analyses confirmed functional loss of ATM. Our findings highlight the power of genome sequencing, considering deep intronic variants in undiagnosed rare disease patients.
Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers of Acute Graft-vs.-Host Disease After Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation and Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Lia Giuseppe , Di Vito Clara , Bruno Stefania , Tapparo Marta , Brunello Lucia , Santoro Armando , Mariotti Jacopo , Bramanti Stefania , Zaghi Elisa , Calvi Michela , Comba Lorenzo , Fascì Martina , Giaccone Luisa , Camussi Giovanni , Boyle Eileen M. , Castagna Luca , Evangelista Andrea , Mavilio Domenico , Bruno Benedetto
Published: January 2022

Even with high-dose post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) which was initially introduced for graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prevention in the setting of HLA-haploidentical transplantation, both acute and chronic GvHDs remain a major clinical challenge. Despite improvements in the understanding of the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic GvHDs, reliable biomarkers that predict their onset have yet to be identified. We recently studied the potential correlation between extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the onset of acute (a)GvHD in transplant recipients from related and unrelated donors. In the present study, we further investigated the role of the expression profile of membrane proteins and their microRNA (miRNA) cargo (miRNA100, miRNA155, and miRNA194) in predicting the onset of aGvHD in haploidentical transplant recipients with PT-Cy. Thirty-two consecutive patients were included. We evaluated the expression profile of EVs, by flow cytometry, and their miRNA cargo, by real-time PCR, at baseline, prior, and at different time points following transplant. Using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models, a significant association between expression profiles of antigens such as CD146, CD31, CD140a, CD120a, CD26, CD144, and CD30 on EVs, and their miRNA cargo with the onset of aGvHD was observed. Moreover, we also investigated a potential correlation between EV expression profile and cargo with plasma biomarkers (e.g., ST2, sTNFR1, and REG3a) that had been associated with aGVHD previously. This analysis showed that the combination of CD146, sTNFR1, and miR100 or miR194 strongly correlated with the onset of aGvHD (AUROC >0.975). A large prospective multicenter study is currently in progress to validate our findings.
Btn2a2 Regulates ILC2–T Cell Cross Talk in Type 2 Immune Responses
Authors: Frech Michael , Omata Yasunori , Schmalzl Angelika , Wirtz Stefan , Taher Leila , Schett Georg , Zaiss Mario M. , Sarter Kerstin
Published: January 2022

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) not only are responsible for shaping the innate immune response but also actively modulate T cell responses. However, the molecular processes regulating ILC-T cell interaction are not yet completely understood. The protein butyrophilin 2a2 (Btn2a2), a co-stimulatory molecule first identified on antigen-presenting cells, has a pivotal role in the maintenance of T cell homeostasis, but the main effector cell and the respective ligands remain elusive. We analyzed the role of Btn2a2 in the ILC-T cell cross talk. We found that the expression of Btn2a2 is upregulated in ILC2 following stimulation with IL-33/IL-25/TSLP.In vitroandin vivoexperiments indicated that lack of Btn2a2 expression on ILC2 resulted in elevated T cell responses. We observed an enhanced proliferation of T cells as well as increased secretion of the type 2 cytokines IL-4/IL-5/IL-13 following cocultures with Btn2a2-deficient ILC2.In vivotransfer experiments confirmed the regulatory role of Btn2a2 on ILC2 as Btn2a2-deficient ILC2 induced stronger T cell responses and prevented chronic helminth infections. Taken together, we identified Btn2a2 as a significant player in the regulation of ILC2–T cell interactions.
A New Tool to Evaluate, Improve, and Sustain Marine Protected Area Financing Built on a Comprehensive Review of Finance Sources and Instruments
Authors: Bohorquez John J. , Dvarskas Anthony , Jacquet Jennifer , Sumaila U. Rashid , Nye Janet , Pikitch Ellen K.
Published: January 2022

Marine protected areas (MPAs) require sustained funding to provide sustained marine protection. Up until now government budgets, multi- and bi-lateral aid, and philanthropic grants have been commonly relied upon to finance the management and enforcement of MPAs. But new funding mechanisms, such as impact investments or blue carbon, are increasingly applied and developed. Here, we present a semi-structured review that identifies 11 or more sources of finance, 21 financial instruments and more than 75 potential combinations thereof that show the current diversity of financial mechanisms available to support MPA establishment and operations. Based on the review, we developed nearly 100 indicators reflecting environmental, governmental, socioeconomic, and management characteristics that can inform the appropriateness, and corresponding strengths and weaknesses, of applying these financial mechanisms to any given MPA. The outputs provide a series of recommendations for implementing new funding mechanisms and ways to improve the sustainability of in-place mechanisms. The findings were compiled into a replicable framework and excel tool that was pilot tested in May 2021 for Parque Nacional Natural Corales de Profundidad in Colombia that identified potential ways to improve upon financial mechanisms, including, hiring a full-time manager and potential alternative mechanisms like biodiversity offsets from fossil fuel exploration and exploitation, among several others. The research also identified barriers for implementing financial mechanisms that reflect broader systemic challenges for MPA finance worldwide.
Resistivity Signature of Graphene-Based Fiber-Reinforced Composite Subjected to Mechanical Loading
Authors: Liu Hua , Deshmukh Aparna , Salowitz Nathan , Zhao Jian , Sobolev Konstantin
Published: January 2022

The paper reports on a piezoresistivity response of fiber-reinforced cement mortar with graphene nano-platelets. The use of a small quantity (0.25% by the weight of cement) of nano-sized conductive particles of graphene turned conventional portland cement-based composite into a semiconductive stress-sensing material. The resistivity was measured using a surface resistivity tester, well accepted by the concrete industry, which employs an alternative current through four electrodes. Tension and compression tests of standard specimens were used to establish the relationship between the resistivity and the applied strain. Finite element analyses were employed to predict the resistivity of the slab specimen under three-point bending. The tests results and simulation indicate that the electrical resistivity of the graphene-cement composite material can be used for structural health monitoring and damage detection.
Digitizing Scoring Systems With Extended Online Feedback: A Novel Approach to Interactive Teaching and Learning in Formative OSCE
Authors: Wang Chia-Chen , Wang Yu-Chin Lily , Hsu Yu-Han , Lee Haw-Chyuan , Kang Yu-Chan , Monrouxe Lynn Valerie , Chien Shao-Ju , Chen Te-Chuan
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) are common for formative assessment. We developed an Online Smart Communicative Education System and aimed to explore the factors that affect the perceptions of both teachers and students for teaching and learning.

Methods and Analysis

A two-year cross-sectional cohort study was undertaken. The program includes three parts. Part I Pre-OSCE: an online flipped class in preparation for task-related knowledge and skills. Part II OSCE-day: 10 tasks in one track formative OSCE. Part III Post-OSCE: extended online feedback for participants with further questions after the exam and raters with more feedback after reviewing their performance online. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to analyze the perceptions of students and teachers to the Online System by means of questionnaires.

Results

Seventy-six pharmacy students (male 32.9%) took the exam and 24 raters (male, 25%) participated in the scoring during the OSCEs. The mean G coefficient was 0.88. Seventy-six questionnaires from the students were obtained for the analysis. Results explained the cumulative variance of 73.9% for component (1) “Effects of extended online feedback”: 40% and (2) “Facilitation of learning”: 33.9%. Thirty-nine questionnaires from the raters who experienced the Online System were obtained for the analysis (male 23.1%). Results explained a cumulative variance of 77.3% for component (1) “Effects of extended online feedback”: 36.6%, (2) “Facilitation of scoring and feedback”: 24.5%, and (3) “Feasibility of online platform”: 16.2%, respectively.

Conclusion

We demonstrated good reliability for digitizing the scoring system with educational support to facilitate teaching. “Effects of extended online feedback” was the major aspect in explaining the variance from the perceptions of students and raters by factor analysis. In comparison with traditional formative OSCEs, extended online feedback is a novel approach, which extends the process of learning and teaching among the learners and raters and overcomes the barriers of time limitation and distance.
Clinical Effectiveness of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Long-Bone Delayed Union and Nonunion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Shang , Xing Fei , Luo Rong , Liu Ming
Published: January 2022

Background

More recently, there was a series of clinical studies focusing on local administration of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in long-bone fracture patients suffering from delayed union and nonunion. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of PRP injection for treatment of patients with long-bone delayed union and nonunion.

Methods

Relevant clinical trials were selected by the main bibliographic databases, including Medline, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library, to evaluate the effectiveness of PRP for long-bone fracture patients diagnosed with delayed union or nonunion by two reviewers independently. The main outcomes included healing rate, healing duration, pain relief, functional outcome, and complications.

Results

Finally, thirteen studies including four hundred and fifty-nine participants met the selection criteria and were included in this systematic review. These articles included three randomized controlled studies, one prospective study, and nine retrospective studies. 146 out of 155 (94.19%) patients treated with PRP during operation, and 144 out of 183 (78.69%) patients treated with PRP injection alone, exhibited bone consolidation. The healing rate of the PRP group (85.80%) was higher than that of the control group (60.76%). The mean bony union time of patients treated and untreated with PRP, were, respectively, 4.64 and 5.15 months. Four papers reported that PRP was effective in pain relief of patient with delayed union and nonunion. Complications, including small subcutaneous hematoma, subcutaneous swelling, and postoperative infection, were also reported in enrolled studies.

Conclusions

PRP is a promising alternative treatment for patients with long-bone delayed union and nonunion. PRP could successfully promote the healing rate and relieve the pain of patients with delayed union and nonunion. However, the long-term adverse side and functional outcome in application of PRP still need further large-scale trials and long-term follow-up.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.researchregistry.com/browse-the-registry#home/registrationdetails/61dbd2f837e948001e68d5c5/, The identifying number is research registry 7525.