bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic Activity of Boron-Doped Bulk and Crystalline Graphitic Carbon Nitride in Visible Light-Driven Hydrogen Production
Authors:   L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 31 Nauky Ave., Kyiv 03028, Ukraine, Stara Tetiana ,   V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, 41 Nauky Ave., Kyiv 03028, Ukraine, Kutsenko Aleksandr ,   L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 31 Nauky Ave., Kyiv 03028, Ukraine, Korzhak Hanna ,   L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 31 Nauky Ave., Kyiv 03028, Ukraine, Ovcharov Mykhailo ,   L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 31 Nauky Ave., Kyiv 03028, Ukraine, Melnіchenko Oleksiy ,   State-Owned Enterprise “RADMA”, 31 pr. Nauky, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine, Kuchmiy Stepan ,   L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 31 Nauky Ave., Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

Boron-doped bulk samples of graphitic carbon nitride (B-g-C3N4) were synthesized by pyrolysis of melamine-boric acid mixtures, followed by their subsequent annealing in a eutectic melt of potassium and lithium chlorides, resulting in the formation of crystalline g-C3N4 (B-CGCN). The obtained materials demonstrate significantly higher activity in hydrogen evolution from aqueous-ethanolic solutions under visible light irradiation compared to undoped g-C3N4 and CGCN. Under optimized conditions, the effective quantum yield of hydrogen production reaches Ф = 96 % at λopt = 405 nm.
Investigation of the Adsorption Properties of a New Composite Catalyst for the Fenton System
Authors:   Department of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels of the Institute of Physical–Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry named after L. M. Lytvynenko of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 3a Naukova St., Lviv 79060, Ukraine, Medvedevskykh Yuriy , Makido Olena ,   Department of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels of the Institute of Physical–Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry named after L. M. Lytvynenko of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 3a Naukova St., Lviv 79060, Ukraine, Khovanets’ Galyna ,   Department of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels of the Institute of Physical–Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry named after L. M. Lytvynenko of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 3a Naukova St., Lviv 79060, Ukraine, Karpenko Olena ,   Department of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels of the Institute of Physical–Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry named after L. M. Lytvynenko of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 3a Naukova St., Lviv 79060, Ukraine, Pokynbroda Tetyana ,   Department of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels of the Institute of Physical–Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry named after L. M. Lytvynenko of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 3a Naukova St., Lviv 79060, Ukraine, Yevchuk Iryna ,   Department of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels of the Institute of Physical–Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry named after L. M. Lytvynenko of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 3a Naukova St., Lviv 79060, Ukraine, Kurylets Oksana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

The influence of the structure of the SiO2 layer on the adsorption properties of magnetosensitive CoFe2O4/SiO2/CuO nanocomposites created as catalysts for the Fenton system was studied. For this, the formation of the SiO2 layer was carried out by the sol-gel method using surfactants of synthetic and natural origin. To determine the process parameters, a previously proposed mathematical model of the dye adsorption process from an aqueous solution was used. The presented model considers dye adsorption from an aqueous solution as a pseudo chemical reaction of displacement of the solvent molecules from adsorption sites on the adsorbent surface by the adsorbate molecules. It has been established that the process of formation of the SiO2 layer is influenced by surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate or rhamnolipids), and the adsorption properties of the prepared CoFe2O4/SiO2/CuO composites depend on the structure of the stabilizing SiO2 layer. The kinetic parameters of the methylene blue (MB) adsorption process from aqueous solutions at concentrations of (2 - 5)•10-5 mol/L were determined. The obtained results are perfectly fitted by the proposed pseudo-first-order equation. The calculated value of the activation energy of MB adsorption on the CoFe2O4/SiO2(RL)/CuO catalyst indicates the physical adsorption of the dye. The results of using the investigated composites in the Fenton system as catalysts for the oxidation process of the organic dye MB are shown.
Modification of Bentonite from the Ilnitsky Deposit with Chitosan
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Budishevska Olha , Kochubei Viktoria ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Chekailo Mykola ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Yurynets Iryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine,   Starokonstyantynivsky Oil Extraction Plant LLC, 55 Franka St., Starokostyantyniv 31100, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

The bentonite from the Ilnytsky deposit was modified by sorbtion of chitosan on the surface of its particles in an aqueous suspension. It was found that there is an optimal concentration of chitosan (at a constant bentonite content in the suspension) that maximizes the sorption rate of chitosan macromolecules, which leads to improved flocculation and sedimentation of the suspension. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the chitosan sorption on suspension particles significantly increases with increasing pH from 3 to 9.5. The research was conducted using spectrophotometry, thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy.
n-Hexane Hydroisomerization on Ni-HMFI Zeolites of Different Preparation Methods
Authors:   V.P.Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Academician Kukhar St., Kyiv 02660, Ukraine, Patrylak Lyubov ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 37 Beresteiskyi Ave., Kyiv 03056, Ukraine, Voloshyna Yuliya ,   V.P.Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Academician Kukhar St., Kyiv 02660, Ukraine, Pertko Oleksandra ,   V.P.Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Academician Kukhar St., Kyiv 02660, Ukraine, Yakovenko Angela ,   V.P.Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Academician Kukhar St., Kyiv 02660, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

A range of bifunctional catalysts based on MFI zeolite with 1.5 wt. % of nickel was synthesized. The aim of this research was to compare the performance of Ni-HZSM-5 zeolites of different methods of nickel loading (ion exchange and impregnation) in n-hexane hydroisomerization. Samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption. It is stated that using ion exchange, it is more difficult to control nickel content in the samples. Impregnated sample demonstrates 26.1% yield of branched hexane products with 80.4% selectivity for isomers, whereas ion-exchanged sample gives only 12.5% yield with 80.5% selectivity at 513 K in micro pulse investigations. Therefore, impregnation of zeolites with nickel salt is a more suitable method for obtaining active and selective catalysts for hydroisomerization.
Study on the Liquid Phase Reaction of Ozone with Ethylbenzene and Its Derivatives
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroiv Oborony St., Kyiv 03041, Ukraine, Galstyan Andriy , Vashkurak Yurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Reutskyy Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Starchevskyy Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Burda Andrii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

This work deals with the investigation of the reactions of ethylbenzene and its derivatives with ozone in a solution of glacial acetic acid. The products and kinetic features of oxidation were studied, the kinetic parameters of the reactions were found, and the mechanism of ozonation in the liquid phase was proposed. The influence of deactivating substituents (-Br, -NO2) in the aromatic ring on the selectivity of the side chain oxidation of the substrate was established. It is shown that the main direction of ethylbenzene oxidation is ozonolysis with the formation of aliphatic compounds, while the ozonation of p-bromomethylbenzene and p-nitroethylbenzene significantly increases the selectivity of the side chain oxidation of the substrate, and the corresponding acetophenones become the main products of the reaction. The kinetics of the reaction were studied using gas chromatography and spectrophotometry, measuring the optical density of the gas flow in the UV region.
Porous Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Films for Immediate Release Drug Delivery Systems
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 Skovoroda St., Kyiv 04070, Ukraine, Sikach Alina , Bubela Halyna ,   Department of Chemistry, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 Skovoroda St., Kyiv 04070, Ukraine, Konovalova Viktoriia ,   Department of Chemistry, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 Skovoroda St., Kyiv 04070, Ukraine, Kolesnyk Iryna ,   Department of Chemistry, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 Skovoroda St., Kyiv 04070, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on creating a method to produce ion-crosslinked alginate-based hydrogel systems that enable immediate drug release. The research investigates the kinetics of releasing a bactericidal drug to facilitate the healing process relief. The technique involves enhancing the immobilization of amphiphilic medicines on calcite microparticles, followed by concentrating them in the pores formed through a microparticle decomposition.
Obtaining Transparent Composites Based on Hybrid Silicate Hydrogels as Special Materials for Increasing the Fire Resistance of Glass Structures
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Kapatsila Solomiia , Bukartyk Nataliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Nosova Nataliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Samaryk Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Varvarenko Serhii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

Developing a new generation of transparent hydrogel firefighting mineral-polymeric materials is an urgent task. These composites are used to produce refractory glass structures, particularly double-glazed windows. These double-glazed windows are multilayer structures made of silicate glass sheets, with gaps filled by a transparent material that turns opaque under flame exposure, reducing heat load and maintaining structural integrity for a specified duration. This article presents research on the synthesis and properties of transparent polysilicon hydrogels, used as a component in hybrid mineral-organic composites for manufacturing fire-resistant transparent glass structures. A method for producing polysilicate acid hydrogels in the presence of polyvalent metal ions has been developed. Full-factor experiment results established the sol-gel process time frame, influenced by many factors. The research demonstrates the feasibility of creating a transparent hybrid polymer-mineral hydrogel material containing polyvalent refractory salts and polysilicate acid, which can transform into a highly porous refractory material under high temperatures.
Synthesis and Investigation of Properties of Epoxy-Novolac Copolymers Based on Polycyclic Bisphenols of Norbornane Type
Authors:   Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Papava Givi , Chitrekashvili Ia ,   Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Tatrishvili Tamara ,   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia, Gurgenishvili Marina ,   Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Archvadze Ketevan ,   Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Dokhturishvili Nora ,   Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Gavashelidze Eter ,   Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Gelashvili Nazi ,   Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Liparteliani Riva ,   Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was the synthesis of copolymers based on the novolac oligomer and diglycidal ether of polycyclic bisphenols of the norbornane type and the study of the curing process of the obtained copolymers. Copolymers were synthesized based on polycyclic bisphenols: 4,4'-(2-norbornilidene) diphenyl; 4,4'-(hexahydro-4,7-methylenindane)-di-o-cresol; 4,4′-(hexahydro-4,7-methylenindane-5-ylidene) diphenol; 4,4′-(decahydro-1,4,5,8 - dimethylennaft-2-ylidene)diphenol; and 2,2-bis-(4-oxyphenyl)propane. The synthesis was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, the main chemical process during copolymerization is the interaction of epoxy groups with phenolic hydroxyls of the novolac oligomer, which leads to the formation of a block copolymer. In the second stage of the process polymers with a three-dimensional structure are formed as a result of the curing process. The optimal curing mode was set. Fiberglass plastics were prepared from the obtained copolymers, which were characterized by good physico-mechanical and thermal properties.
Degradation Assessment of Flexible Polyurethane Foam Composites Based on Palm Oil in Soil
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia, Neswati Neswati , Dewi Kurnia Harlina ,   Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia
Published: February 2025

This paper presents information on a comparison of the degradation of a flexible palm oil-based polyurethane foam with a commercial flexible polyurethane foam (control) in soil over a period of 30 days. The sample used in this study was a composite polyurethane foam containing about 50-60% palm oil polyol and has characteristics similar to conventional polyurethane foam. The novelty of this study is to investigate the degradation rate of a composite flexible polyurethane foam with a palm oil polyol content of 50-60%. As a result of the study, an environmentally friendly formulation of composite polyurethane foam was developed based on the following parameters (weight loss, FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM).
Wood Flour Composites: Obtaining and Research
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, 1 I. Chavchavadze Ave., Tbilisi 0179, Georgia, Tatrishvili Tamara ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 13 University St., Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Mukbaniani Omar , Kvinikadze Nikolozi ,   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, 1 I. Chavchavadze Ave., Tbilisi 0179, Georgia,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 13 University St., Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Bukia Tinatini ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 13 University St., Tbilisi 0186, Georgia,   Vladimir Chavchanidze Institute of Cybernetics of the Georgian Technical University, 5 Z. Andjzaparidze St., Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, irtskheliani Nana ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 13 University St., Tbilisi 0186, Georgia,   Sokhumi State University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Technologies, and Pharmacy, 61 Politkovskaya St., Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Chikhladze Shota ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 13 University St., Tbilisi 0186, Georgia
Published: February 2025

In this research, we discuss the variations in producing new composite materials using natural row material wood flour (60%), as a primary ingredient, eco-friendly binder poly[(trimethoxy)4-vinylphenethyl)]silane (3, 5, and 30%) and styrene with different degrees of silylation (25 and 27%), under constant pressure and at the various temperatures. The composites were obtained via hot pressing. In addition to the binder, various additives, antioxidants, and antipirene were employed in the manufacturing process. The composition of novel wood flour composites (WFC) was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which has demonstrated the presence of chemical bonds between the components in the composites as a consequence of reactions among the active groups of the ingredients. These bonds may be the primary factor responsible for the enhanced physicomechanical and thermal properties of the obtained composites, and increased resistance to water. It has been demonstrated that the properties of composites are contingent upon the concentration of the binders employed. The research results indicate that the maximum values of the noted parameters for the composite's appearance are observed at relatively high concentrations of binders. Manufactured composites were studied surface morphology by optical microscopic, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and energy dispersion (EDS) micro-X-ray analysis. Thermal properties of WFC were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry, and the Vicat method. Also, water absorption was studied.
The Effect of Pozzolanic Additives on the Performance of the Cementitious Matrix of Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Kropyvnytska Tetiana , Sanytsky Myroslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Rykhlitska Oksana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

The article presents the influence of pozzolanic additives and polycarboxylate superplasticizer on the performance of the cementitious matrix of recycled aggregate concrete. The particle size distribution by volume and surface area of fly ash and silica fume is given, and the phase composition and microstructure of cementing paste are investigated.
Research on "Aesculus" Setting Retarder for Grouting Mortars
Authors:   Kharkiv National University of Urban Economy named after O. M. Becketov, 17 Chornoglazivska St., Kharkiv 61002, Ukraine, Orlovskyi Vitalii , Biletskyi Volodymyr ,   National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", 2 Kyrpychova St., Kharkiv 61002, Ukraine, Malovanyy Myroslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

In Ukraine, the number of reagents regulating the properties of tail blends used for cementing deep oil and gas wells has decreased. Therefore, there is a need to expand the range of these reagents produced domestically to replace the known reagent, nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid, which was produced in russia. The new reagent-retarder for oil-well cement should have a wide temperature range of application, complexity of action, and meet the requirements of environmental safety.
Development and Thermal Investigation of Modified Octadecanoic Acid as Energy Storage Material
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pancasila, DKI Jakarta 12640, Indonesia, Rahman Reza Abdu , Plamonia Nicco ,   Pusat Riset Lingkungan dan Teknologi Bersih, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Serpong, 15314, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia, Setiawan Dibyo ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Bandung Barat 40559, Indonesia, Dhewangga Putra Robertus Dhimas ,   Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Modified octadecanoic acid (MOA) has been developed and studied as a material for energy storage. Temperature transition for MOA is reduced by 1.03°C and 2.56°C. As a result, MOA has a high energy fraction in the liquid zone, about 25% and 33.5%, which effectively increases the charge level of the storage system.
Features of the Swelling Kinetics of Polymer Materials in Blended Diesel Fuel
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, 2 Lazaryan St., Dnipro 49010, Ukraine, Shevchenko Olena , Popytailenko Daryna ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, 2 Lazaryan St., Dnipro 49010, Ukraine, Ebich Yurii ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, 2 Lazaryan St., Dnipro 49010, Ukraine, Zamikula Kostiantyn ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, 2 Lazaryan St., Dnipro 49010, Ukraine, Sukhyi Kostiantyn ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, 2 Lazaryan St., Dnipro 49010, Ukraine, Vytrykush Nataliya ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

The work is devoted to determining the features of the swelling kinetic patterns of polymer materials in contact with blended fuel containing fatty acid esters. Kinetic equations for predicting the behavior of polymer materials in contact with blended fuel at different temperatures were obtained. Peculiarities of the swelling kinetics of polymer materials with different chemical structures in blended diesel fuel were studied. It was found that the process proceeds in two stages for any temperature conditions. The effect of fatty acid esters in the composition of blended diesel fuel on the stability of polymer materials depending on their structure and temperature factor was determined. An approach to the selection of polymer materials resistant to the effects of fatty acid esters is proposed. The patterns of changes in the swelling resistance of polymer materials upon contact with blended diesel fuel, depending on their structure, were determined.
Obtaining and Studying Promising Types of Natural Sorbents for Modifying Mineral Fertilizers
Authors:   Research Institute of Mineral Fertilizers and Pigments of Sumy State University, 116 Kharkivska St., Sumy 40007, Ukraine, Vakal Viktoriia , Izmodenova Tetyana ,   Research Institute of Mineral Fertilizers and Pigments of Sumy State University, 116 Kharkivska St., Sumy 40007, Ukraine, Vakal Serhii ,   Research Institute of Mineral Fertilizers and Pigments of Sumy State University, 116 Kharkivska St., Sumy 40007, Ukraine, Shepeta Kyryl ,   Limited liability company “CROP-INCREASE”, 8 1St Svoboda lane, Romny 42000, Ukraine, Malovanyy Myroslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery St., Lviv 79013, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the production of high-performance fertilizers with promising modifiers. A study of various types of sorbents has shown that the nanoporous structure allows controlling their dissolution in the soil and reducing nutrient losses and greenhouse gas emissions into the environment. Experiments were conducted to produce biochar from various organic raw materials by pyrolysis. The microporous structure of the obtained biofuel samples was studied by scanning microscopy with elemental microanalysis. The results of agrochemical studies showed that fertilizers are responsible for increasing the amount of biomass by 61.22-66.6%, and the influence of biomass was less, but significant, and amounted to 19.77-22.6%.
Prevalence of Caesarean Section amongst Women Attending Antenatal and Immunization Clinics at Madonna University Teaching Hospital, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Eguvbe Anthony Okeoghene , Egbagba John Esiso , Osegi Nkencho , Davids Kellybest Ibasimama
Published: February 2025

Introduction: A Caesarean section (CS) is a major obstetric life-saving surgical procedure that is carried out to improve delivery outcomes and reduce maternal mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended that the prevalence of caesarean sections not exceed 15%. Even though this advice is offered, statistics show that caesarean section rates are high in underdeveloped countries, with national and regional variations within the same country. Promoting vaginal delivery after a CS, avoiding CS because of social stigma, and assessing fetal distress before starting CS are some of the strategies being attempted to stop this increase in CS rates.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of caesarean section amongst women attending antenatal and immunization clinics at Madonna University Teach- ing Hospital, Elele, Rivers State.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was done from September to December 2023. A simple random sampling technique by balloting was used in the selection of the study participants. Data was collected using a semi- structured questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS v25.
Results: A total of 359 respondents participated in the study, which gave a 99.7% response rate. The mean age of respondents was 31.98 years, with a standard deviation of 6.2 years. The majority of respondents (67.4%) were Igbo by tribe, and most of them (84.4%) were married. The prevalence of CS was 45.7%. Elective CS had the highest frequency (67.3%), and previous CS was the indication with the highest frequency (16.0%). ANC attendance had a statistically significant association with the prevalence of caesarean section and also with the type of caesarean section done with more elective CS among respondents with a p-value of 0.0001.
Conclusion: High rates of caesarean sections were found in the study. Those who had previously undergone a caesarean section made up the majority.
Factors Explaining Japan’s Low COVID-19 Mortality: Comparison with Rich and Democratic Countries
Authors: Shervani Zameer , Khan Aamir Akbar , Khan Intazam , Ansari Shagufta Nazneen , Bhardwaj Deepali , Kumar Diwakar Madan , Mohammad Akram
Published: February 2025

The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused a large number of deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic had a greater impact on wealthy and developed countries. Considering the per capita deaths and fatality-to-case ratio, also known as the case fatality ratio (CFR), Japan was among the least affected countries. The CFR of Japan was compared with nine other democratic and wealthy countries: the US, Italy, Spain, France, Austria, Germany, Canada, Australia, and South Korea. Japan’s CFR was the second lowest at 0.2%, only behind South Korea with 0.1%. The highest rates were recorded by the US and Canada, each at 1.1%. The per capita (per 100,000 people) fatality rate of Japan was 57.72 deaths, whereas the US had six times more deaths compared to Japan. We calculated the mortality (fatality) rates based on the cumulative deaths as of March 16, 2023, when the pandemic was mostly over. The amount of GDP spent on healthcare in Japan, mask awareness, the stringency index (SI), vaccinations, urbanization, life expectancy (LE), and the age cohorts of the population were examined to determine the factors that resulted in a low mortality rate in Japan during the pandemic.
Possible Treatment of Coronavirus and Other Viruses by Stable Isotopes and Electromagnetic Fields and Waves
Authors: Little Reginald B.
Published: February 2025

A new theory is introduced for selectively inactivating viruses, in particular, the coronaviruses, on the basis of feeding the viruses nonprimordial isotopes of 13C, 15N, 17O, 25Mg and 33S and some other nonprimordial isotopes of essential elements with also 1H, 14N and 31P for isotopically sensitizing the RNAs and proteins of the viruses (by the resulting nonzero nuclear magnetic moments) for stimulating the sensitized viruses by external static magnetic fields and electric fields and dynamic magnetic fields and electric fields for rotating and shaking the viral RNAs and proteins to cause inactivation of the viruses and to induce and control mutations in the viruses via the external and internal magnetic fields and waves.
From Reform to Revolt: The Complex Path Leading to Sheikh Hasina’s Political Fall
Authors: Akash Maksudul Shadat , Sharif Md. Toufiqul
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the dramatic fall of Sheikh Hasina, world’s longestserving female prime minister, amid widespread protests and political turmoil. It explores the factors contributing to her resignation after a 15-year continuous rule, including economic mismanagement, allegations of corruption, and brutal suppression of dissent. The study analyzes the socio-political context leading to the anti-quota protests and the subsequent mass uprisings that forced Hasina to flee the country. By evaluating the impact of military intervention and public discontent, the paper provides insights into the broader implications for Bangladeshi democracy and governance. The findings highlight the interplay between authoritarian governance, economic inequality, and the role of civil unrest in shaping political change.
Особенности применения доходного подхода при оценке стоимости кредитных организаций
Authors: Захматов Дмитрий , Мубараков Ренат
Published: February 2025

В предлагаемой статье проведен анализ практики применения методов доходного подхода для целей оценки капитала кредитного учреждения. Выбор показателей прогнозного денежного потока для проведения расчетов без учета специфики бизнеса компаний, оказывающих финансовые услуги, приводит к широкому диапазону результатов оценки и неоднозначным результатам, что вызывает в последующем споры и судебные разбирательства. Также возникают дискуссионные вопросы по применению метода дисконтированных денежных потоков и метода дисконтирования дивидендов, которые нередко применяются для расчетов, а также их отличиям. Целью исследования является анализ и обоснование выбора наиболее экономически обоснованных показателей деятельности оцениваемого банка и отраслевых параметров для установления рыночной стоимости капитала кредитного учреждения в рамках расчетов методами доходного подхода. Настоящая статья и предлагаемые модели расчета могут быть полезны для Центрального Банка России при анализе состояния кредитных учреждений, использоваться в деятельности профессиональных оценщиков, судебных экспертов, аналитиков кредитных учреждений, а также в образовательной деятельности.
BUILDING TOMORROW: SHAPING THE FUTURE OF CONSTRUCTION THROUGH THE ADOPTION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   College of Built Environment, Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perak Branch, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Lop Nor Suzila , Mohd Kamar Izatul Farrita ,   College of Built Environment, Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perak Branch, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Yusoff Adam Syamil ,   College of Built Environment, Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perak Branch, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar
Published: February 2025

Digital technology is fundamentally reshaping the construction industry, revolutionizing how projects are conceived, planned, and executed. The application of technology in the construction sector typically results in a great deal that is advantageous. However, construction business owners have been hesitant to adopt digital technologies which have been proven in other industries as being effective instruments for improving working efficiency in managing construction works. Therefore, this research aims to determine the appropriate strategy to foster the adoption of digital technologies in construction projects. The quantitative research approach using questionnaire survey was adopted to align with the research aim and objectives. A random sampling technique was chosen with response rate of 41% (107) of respondents that willing to participate for this research. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS)
version 25 quantitative software. To empower the use of digital technology in construction projects, this research enables policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers with insights to devise effective strategies to improve construction project performance. The results revealed that there are five (5)key strategoes that are most commonly agreed upon when it comes to promoting the adoption of digital technologies in construction projects. The findings of this research might benefit practitioners in promoting the adoption of digital technology in construction project practices so as to achieve high project performance and project sustainability.
EXPLORING ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS FOR BAMBOO PANEL WALLS IN THE CONSERVATION OF THE IHSANIAH ISKANDARIAH MOSQUE: A CONCEPT PAPER
Authors:   Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Malaysia, Syed Mustapa Syed Abdul Haris , Wan Mohd Azmi Wan Faida ,   Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Malaysia, Ab Wahab Lilawati ,   Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Malaysia, Baharuddin Mohd Nurfaisal ,   Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Malaysia, Musa Muhammad Suhaimi ,   Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Malaysia
Published: February 2025

The lhsaniah Iskandariah Mosque, Kuala Dal, Perak, serves as a symbol of Malaysia's cultural identity, making its preservation crucial for future generations. Despite previous conservation efforts, sections of the mosque's bamboo panel walls have suffered deterioration. The climate and environmental conditions in Malaysia, including high humidity and rainfall, pose challenges to the longevity of traditional materials like bamboo. To address this challenge, there is a need to explore alternative materials that offer enhanced durability, weather resistance, and sustainability. Researching alternative materials represents a proactive step towards preserving our cultural heritage. It not only fortifies the structural integrity of iconic landmarks like the Ihsaniah Iskandariah Mosque but also
mitigates the environmental footprint of conservation efforts. Moreover, this endeavour catalyses adaptation strategies for climate change, propelling us toward a future where heritage conservation seamlessly aligns with sustainable development goals. This paper emphasizes the importance of collaborative research efforts in developing innovative solutions for conservation, ultimately safeguarding Malaysia's cultural heritage for future generations and promoting cultural tourism. Research on these alternative materials needs to be conducted, and the findings will assist the National Heritage Department in making decisions regarding the replacement of the mosque's bamboo panel walls.
El diseño sostenible como una solución al problema de la contaminación por plástico en México
Authors: Soto Walls Luis Jorge , Acero Campos Gerardo
Published: February 2025

The problem of plastic pollution in Mexico is serious, and although it has been investigated by multiple disciplines, most focus on promoting recycling, with very few addressing the issue at its source, especially with an integrated approach involving design, sustainability, and circular economy perspectives. Each discipline has made valuable contributions to understand the phenomenon and propose possible solutions, but they have often remained within their respective fields of study. Medical research indicates that plastic containers and packaging used for food release toxins that harm both humans and animals, suggesting avoidance. Environmental studies warn that the combination of various types of plastic waste with organic waste in open dumps and landfills produces dangerous gases and liquids that contaminate water, soil, and air in surrounding areas. This pollution leads to significant environmental imbalance and severe illnesses in humans and animals. Legal research advocates for increasingly strict laws and regulations, as the volume of plastic waste continues to grow, surpassing the capacity of selection plants and transfer stations in Mexico.
Lesiones derivadas de accidentes de motociclismo y el diseño de nuevos elementos de seguridad
Authors: Cabello Sánchez Cristina
Published: February 2025

The research in development focuses on the design of safety elements for motorcyclists, as part of it and because statistics show that injuries to the spinal column are associated with a higher rate of mortality and disability, this article focuses on analyzing their severity, for which it is necessary to know the dynamics of accident development, using trauma kinematics. Currently, the protection elements for the spine are based on a system that uses the structure of the human body as support, so it adapts to it, but in the event of an accident, it moves freely, allowing injuries to the spine. For this reason, it is proposed that new safety elements can be designed and developed that improve the protection of the spinal column to encourage their use.
Improving geopolymers with multi-walled carbon nanotubes for simultaneous adsorption of lead and anthracene from rainwater
Authors: Marszałek Anna , Salam Noura Fathy Abdel , Kamińska Gabriela
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to prepare and assess the effectiveness of a geopolymer doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with carboxyl groups (GEO+MWCNT) for removing lead (Pb(II)) and anthracene (ANT) from rainwater. Characterization of the GEO+MWCNT demonstrated an increased specific surface area and microporosity compared to the pristine geopolymer (GEO). Adsorption experiments revealed that GEO+MWCNT achieved higher removal efficiencies for Pb(II) and ANT compared to GEO alone. The maximum removal rates of lead and anthracene by GEO+MWCNT were 100% and 87.5%, respectively, compared to 71.5% and 76.2% for GEO. For GEO+MWCNT, lead removal was 78.2% in anthracene-containing solutions and 86.7% in anthracene-free rainwater. The optimal removal of Pb(II) occurred at pH 8. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, indicating a complex mechanism involving physical adsorption, chemisorption, and electrostatic attraction. These findings suggest that geopolymers, particularly when combined with MWCNT-COOH, have significant application potential for rainwater purification processes.
Drei Prioritäten für die neue Bundesregierung
Authors: Gros Daniel
Published: February 2025

The new German government will have three fundamental policy issues to wrestle with: the war in Ukraine and European security, the future of global trade, and structural issues that hold back growth. Ukraine: If U.S. support wanes, Europe must stand ready. Trade: Trump’s tariffs offer opportunities. Structural issues: Germany lags in high-tech sectors and needs long-term structural reforms.
Von der Schuldenbremse zu einer ökonomisch sinnvollen Schuldenregel
Authors: Schuster-Johnson Florian
Published: February 2025

A fiscal rule is economically sensible if it ensures sustainable public finances. The German debt brake does no such thing because it is blind to the two key determinants of fiscal sustainability – interest rates and growth. We therefore propose modelling a reformed German fiscal rule on the principles of the European fiscal rules, which relates the borrowing limit to macroeconomic conditions, in particular interest rates and growth. A dynamic fiscal rule is incompatible with rigid limits on the structural deficit in the constitution. Moreover, the new fiscal rule should tie government borrowing to productive spending, improving potential growth and debt sustainability in the long term.
Wenn mehr gearbeitet würde – Potenziale des deutschen Arbeitsmarktes
Authors: Boockmann Bernhard , Meister-Scheufelen Gisela , Unger Barbara
Published: February 2025

The significant labour shortage in Germany could be alleviated if the domestic labour potential was better utilised. The most significant potential is found in part-time working women without children under the age of 14. If 50% of this group worked full time in the corresponding age groups, an additional 1.7 million full-time workers would be added to the labour market. Further potential lies in the targeted promotion of professional qualifications among mothers of children under the age of 14 and among older employees.
PREGLED STANJA TEHNIKE SOLARNIH KOLEKTORA SA TEHNOEKONOMSKOM ANALIZOM
Authors: Jokić Bojan
Published: February 2025

U ovom radu prikazana je ekonomska analiza različitih sistema za grejanje tople potrošne vode i grejanje prostora korišćenjem solarnih kolektora u Srbiji. Korišćenjem "F chart" metode možemo dobiti visoku tačnost proizvodnje tople vode u procentima na godišnjem nivou.
PROJEKAT PASIVNE GRADNJE SA PRIMENOM TOPLOTNE PUMPE I SOLARNIH SISTEMA
Authors: Jeremić Mladen
Published: February 2025

Predmet ovog rada jeste prikaz o načinu gradnje, mogućnostima uštede energije, opisu korišćenih obnovljivih izvora energije te količini smanjenja emisija štetnih gasova, izgradnjom pasivnih u odnosu na klasičan način gradnje. Na početku rada se govori o proizvodnji energije, njenom uticaju na okolinu, te izgradnji pasivnih građevina. Nastavak prikazuje pregled izvora energije i detaljniji opis obnovljivih izvora korišćenih u pasivnom načinu gradnje. Dalje su dati proračuni potrošnje primarne energije i sistema za njenu distribuciju za pasivnu građevinu ovog projekta. Završni deo odnosi se na ekološku svest o izgradnji pasivnih građevina u svrhu smanjenja potrošnje energije odnosno emisija štetnih gasova u odnosu na klasičan način gradnje sa prikazanom ekonomskom analizom projekta. Na samom kraju, dat je zaključak.
ANALIZA, PRIKUPLJANJE I OBRADA PODATAKA ZA ODREĐIVANJE PODUŽNE I POPREČNE RAVNOSTI NEDESTRUKTIVNOM METODOM
Authors: Dakić Dejan
Published: February 2025

U radu je prikazan kratak pregled različitih metoda prikupljanja podataka o podužnoj i poprečnoj ravnosti, kao i njihove obrade. Prikazani su katalozi koji definišu granične vrednosti i metode za određivanje homognih deonica. Na kraju rada prikazan je praktičan primer za bolju primenu teorijskih principa.
ИНДУСТРИЈАЛИЗАЦИЈА ГРАЂЕЊА И БИМ
Authors: Stojaković Radomir
Published: February 2025

Процес индустријализације грађења је дуготрајан и непрестан. У данашње време на индустријализацију највише утичу нове дигиталне технологије. БИМ технологије обезбеђују бољу организацију грађења, пројектовање, контролу као и кључну повезаност са осталим инжењерским дисциплинама.
PRIKUPLJANJE PODATAKA ZA FORMIRANJE BAZE PODATAKA NA DRŽAVNOM PUTU II-A REDA, BROJ 120, DEONICA ŠID - KUZMIN
Authors: Lalović Vladana
Published: February 2025

U okviru ovog rada prikazane su metode i uređaji za prikupljanje podataka o karakteristikama kolovoza. Akcenat je stavljen na podatke koji se odnose na strukturno-mehaničke karakteristike kolovoza. Dat je osvrt na teorijske osnove metodologije za projektovanje pojačanja i rekonstrukcije kolovoznih konstrukcija, kao i analiza metoda za dimenzionisanje pojačanja kolovoznih konstrukcija pomoću izmerenih defleksija. Primer je urađen na deonici Šid – Kuzmin.
УПОТРЕБА MICROSOFT PROJECT-a ПРИ ПЛАНИРАЊУ И РЕАЛИЗАЦИЈИ ПРОЈЕКТА ЗА ИЗВОЂЕЊЕ УЛИЦЕ ВАШАРИШТЕ У ЖАБЉУ
Authors: Jelić Dragan
Published: February 2025

Овај рад представља пројекат за извођење улице Вашариште у Жабљу. Главни циљ пројекта јесте изградња нове саобраћајнице у улици Вашариште. Ова саобраћајница има за циљ да повеже улице Чурушку и Петра Коњевића. Пројекат обухвата анализу планираних активности на пројекту, као и праћење ресурса и трошкова на пројекту уз помоћ софтверског алата Microsoft Project.
ВРЕДНОВАЊЕ ПРЕДЛОГА РЕШЕЊА ЗА ПОБОЉШАЊЕ УСЛОВА ОДВИЈАЊА САОБРАЋАЈА НА РАСКРСНИЦИ УЛИЦА РАТКА ПАВЛОВИЋА ЋИЋКА - 21 СРПСКЕ ДИВИЗИЈЕ У ПРОКУПЉУ
Authors: Savić Nikola , Ruškić Nenad
Published: February 2025

У оквиру рада извршена је анализа услова одвијања саобраћаја на раскрсници Ратка Павловића Ћићка и 21 Српске дивизије у Прокупљу. На анализираној раскрсници је обављено снимање саобраћаја и добијени су подаци о временским губицима по прилазима.
IZRADA ANIMACIJE GRAFIČKOG SISTEMA DIGITALNE UV ŠTAMPE ZA PRIMENU U SISTEMIMA ZA UČENJE NA DALJINU
Authors: Bošnjaković Jovana , Pinćijer Ivan
Published: February 2025

U ovom radu detaljno je opisan princip digitalne štampe na kome se bazira mašina Roland LEC-540. Kombinacijom znanja iz oblasti štampe, 3D modelovanja i animacije formira se 3D animacija rada mašine. Ona se bazira na četiri različita videa koja je objedinjuju u jedan i čine jedinstvenu celinu, odnosno video animaciju štampe, čišćenja, postavljanje boje i ricovanja. Za izradu rada korišćeni su softveri 3DS Max i Adobe After Effects.
REDIZAJN I KONSTRUKCIJA DIGITALNOG POZORIŠNOG KOSTIMA
Authors: Ilić Tamara , Banjanin Bojan , Kerac Jelena
Published: February 2025

Pozorišni kostim se smatra kulturnim fenomenom koji kreira vizuelni utisak o liku odašiljanjem niza neverbalnih poruka. Otuda, ovaj rad preispituje takav vizuelni utisak kreirajući digitalnu rekreaciju kostima nošenog na predstavi 'Pigmalion' kikindskog pozorišta. Pribavlja kostimografske skice i fotografije kostima, koje podležu redizajnu posredstvom softvera Marvelous Designer. Cilj ovakvog pristupa jeste spoznaja da li redizajnirani kostim može da predstavi lika u celosti, i pored tranzicija i razvoja koji prate lika, kombinovanjem elemenata u granicama stila.
ЕВАЛУАЦИЈА И УПОРЕДНА АНАЛИЗА ГЕНЕРАТОРА ЗА БРИСАЊЕ И ЗАМЕНУ ПОЗАДИНЕ НА ФОТОГРАФИЈАМА
Authors: Dragojlov Maša , Jurič Ivana
Published: February 2025

У овом раду је кроз теоријске основе описан историјски развој фотографије, као и процес обраде од њеног настанка, па све до данас. У експерименталном делу су коришћени софтвери на бази вештачке интелигенције са опцијама за брисање позадине на постојећим фотографијама и генерисања нових.
ДИЗАЈН ПЛАКАТА У СИНТВЕЈВ СТИЛУ
Authors: Timotijević Ognjen
Published: February 2025

Увод у дизајн плаката може бити надахнут различитим стиловима, а у светлу синтвејв приступа, истражује се спој естетике и функционалности. Синтвејв, са својим карактеристичним приступом минимализму и експерименталности, утицао је на еволуцију графичког дизајна кроз 20. век. Овај рад се фокусира на анализу теоријских основа дизајна плаката, истражујући како се различити стилови и технике преплићу кроз историју, са нагласком на њихову примену у пракси.
FORMALDEHID EMITOVAN TOKOM PROCESA FLEKSO ŠTAMPE
Authors: Šećerov Staša , Adamović Savka
Published: February 2025

Koncentracioni nivoi formaldehida koji se emituju u neposredno radno flekso okruženje detektovani su apsorpciono i spektrofotometrijski u radu. Izmereni koncentracioni nivoi formaldehida su upoređeni sa važećim zakonskim regulativama u cilju procene uticaja emitovanog formaldehida na kvalitet vazduha flekso štamparije. Takođe je na osnovu detektovanih koncentracionih nivoa formaldehida izvršena i procena rizika od raka zaposlenih u flekso okruženju.