bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macroeconomic determinants of Jordan’s external debt in the period 1980–2022 using ARDL
Authors: Baniata Atef , Alnawasreh Ahmad , Nsairat Faten
Published: August 2023

This paper addresses the macroeconomic determinants of Jordan’s external debt. The study aims at exploring the impact of foreign direct investment inflows on external debt service, gross domestic product (GDP), inflation, government spending, and real exchange rate, on the external debt of Jordan from 1980 to 2022. The study utilizes the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound cointegration econometric model to establish long-run relationships between variables. The model also investigates short-run dynamics via an error correction model to give insight into how quickly the system returns to equilibrium following a shock. Statistical results demonstrate an inverse link between foreign direct investment and debt, where a 1% increase in investment reduces debt by 0.15311%. Similar patterns are seen with GDP and external debt, where a 1% GDP rise reduces debt by 0.4743%. Government spending shows a direct relationship, with a 1% increase causing a 1.02049% debt rise. Real exchange rate and inflation impact debt, with a 1% rise causing debt to increase by 0.067 and decrease by 0.00771 dollars, respectively, though these effects are relatively small. In the short run, the system adjusts to shocks with an error correction coefficient indicating a 24% correction to equilibrium each period.
Integrated performance measurement system for Slovak heating industry: A balanced scorecard approach
Authors: Horvathova Jarmila , Mokrisova Martina
Published: August 2023

The prerequisite for businesses’ success, competitiveness, and non-bankruptcy is their performance. An effective performance measurement system is a suitable tool for measuring and improving business performance. The development in performance measures moved from financial measures focused on company profitability to measurement systems combining different methods, approaches, and tools. The paper aims to identify key performance indicators for Slovak heating companies based on the developed integrated performance measurement system. The analysis sampled 292 Slovak companies within SK NACE 35 (heating industry). The performance measurement system was built on balanced scorecard principles, while the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso regression) method was used to select financial indicators. Based on the combination of the above methods, a performance measurement system framework for the analyzed sample of businesses was created. The results show that when managing performance, the analyzed businesses should focus on the following financial performance indicators: Receivables turnover ratio, Return on equity, Return on costs, Total debt to total assets, Material intensity, Labor to revenue ratio, Netto cash flow to assets, Net working capital to total assets, and Short-term liabilities to assets. When building performance measurement system based on balanced scorecard principles, financial indicators were supplemented by non-financial ones. In addition to the original balanced scorecard principles, the performance measurement system was extended by environmental constituents. Also, the paper’s deliverable combines Lasso regression and balanced scorecard principles in order to select key performance indices.
AcknowledgmentThis paper is prepared within the grant scheme VEGA No. 1/0741/20 (the application of variant methods in detecting symptoms of possible bankruptcy of Slovak businesses in order to ensure their sustainable development).
Investigation on children's handwashing behaviour and contamination levels in rural Cambodia
Authors: Manago Gaku , Phan Kongkea
Published: August 2023

The present study aimed to investigate children's handwashing behaviour, contamination levels and qualities of water sources used for handwashing in rural Cambodia. A field survey was conducted by simple random sampling in Kandal Leu village of Kandal Province in 2014. Only 23 children were interviewed with the informed consent of their guardians, limiting our data analysis as descriptive. Concurrently, an adenosine triphosphate test kit was used to assess their hands' contamination levels. Their water sources for handwashing were also tested for Escherichia coli and coliform. As a result, approximately 27% of children in the study areas were found not to wash their hands and 17.2% of children washed their hands more than four times a day before and after eating, after touching dirt and after toileting. Approximately 74% of the dirt could be removed from hands by washing with water. Concurrently, approximately 96% of water from traditional rainwater jars (Pieng) used for handwashing was contaminated with coliform, while 65% was contaminated with E. coli. Cambodian children in our study area used polluted rainwater for handwashing in the rainy season. This study suggests that appropriate handwashing requires safe water and educational programs on environmental and personal hygiene for parents and children.
Application of hydrological models in climate change framework for a river basin in India
Authors: Vogeti Rishith Kumar , Raju K. Srinivasa , Nagesh Kumar D. , Rajesh Advani Manish , Somanath Kumar S. V. , Jha Yashraj Santosh Kumar
Published: August 2023

Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS), and Hydrologic Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF) are explored for streamflow simulation of Lower Godavari Basin, India. The simulating ability of models is evaluated using four indicators. SWAT has shown exceptional simulating ability in calibration and validation compared to the other two. Accordingly, SWAT is used in the climate change framework using an ensemble of 13 Global Climate Models and four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). Three time segments, near-future (2021–2046), mid-future (2047–2072), and far-future (2073–2099), are considered for analysis. Four SSPs show a substantial increase in streamflow compared to the historical period (1982–2020). These deviations range from 17.14 (in SSP245) to 28.35% (in SSP126) (near-future), 31.32 (SSP370) to 43.28% (SSP585) (mid-future), and 30.41 (SSP126) to 70.8% (SSP585) (far-future). Across all timescales covering 948 months, the highest projected streamflows observed in SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585 were 4962.36, 6,108, 6,821, and 6,845 m3/s, respectively. Efforts are also made to appraise the influence of multi-model combinations on streamflow. The present study is expected to provide a platform for holistic decision-making, which helps develop efficient basin planning and management alternatives.
Burdening Perspectives and Treatment Modalities of Monkeypox: A Central Dogma
Authors: Dhoundiyal Shivang , Alam Md. Aftab , Kaur Awaneet , Varshney Sandesh
Published: August 2023

The monkeypox virus (MPXV), belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus, is responsible for causing the zoonotic illness known as Monkeypox. The virus was initially identified during an outbreak at a Danish Zoo in 1958 and has since been found to infect various mammal species worldwide. While African squirrels and other rodents are believed to be the primary hosts, determining the natural host has proven challenging. While MPXV can be studied using different animal models in laboratory settings, understanding its natural transmission routes remains complex and species-dependent. Recent developments have elevated the global health concern surrounding Monkeypox, leading to its designation as a Global Health Emergency of International Concern on 23 July 2022. Enhancing surveillance and case detection is crucial in navigating the unpredictable epidemiology of this re-emerging disease. Human infections with the monkeypox virus are becoming less frequent due to population growth and economic improvements. Monkeypox, similar to smallpox, can potentially be controlled and eradicated in the future through vaccines, appropriate treatment, and personal protective equipment.
Internal Migration of The Elderly in Indonesia: Internal and External Factors
Authors: Raudlatul Jannah Yana , Ashar Khusnul , Pudjihardjo M
Published: August 2023

This study analyzed the factors affecting the propensity internal migration of Indonesian elderly based on age classification of the elderly, i.e., young elderly, middle elderly, or old elderly. It used multinomial logit model that explored the affect of interaction between internal and external factors on elderly migration. This model was chosen beacuse the dependent variable had polichotomous scale, nominal or ordinal scale with more than two categories. The estimation results indicated the migration propensity of the elderly affected to internal factors, i.e., gender, health, education, employment status, and presence spouse. Meanwhile, external factors, that is, social protection does not affect to the elderly migration. Furthermore, the young women elderly migrants with good health and education background, still working, and lives with their spouse would have a higher propensity to migrate. Instead, these results differed for middle and old elderly migrants. Keywords Elderly Migration; Multinomial Logit; Population Ageing
Isolation and Alienation in Wings and A Room of Strangers
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Yang Mi-young
Published: August 2023

This comparative study analysed Wings of Yi Sang and A Room of Strangers of Choi In-ho together. Though Wings and A Room of Strangers have a 35-year gap between the publication dates, but these stories have a common theme and literary trend; First, the two stories depict humans who are alienated from modern capitalist society, and second, both works contain modernist elements that include surrealism and existentialism. Therefore, this essay examined Wings and A Room of Strangers in two aspects: surrealist technique and existentialist philosophy, focusing on the motifs of ‘room’ and ‘relationship’. In both stories, rooms are main spaces and very important to imply the themes, and male characters suffer from self-division because of relational failure with their wives. These two works, showing similar spatial motifs and relational structures, present each aspect of modernism in the 1930s and 1970s. Wings as a modernist story in the 30s reveals self-consciousness and flow of consciousness, while Room of Strangers marks the beginning of the postmodern era through the literary formation of fetishism and self-division. Even if it were clear that two authors–Yi Sang and Choi In-ho as modernist writers share the narrative techniques and motifs, the use and effect of surrealism are represented differently in their respective works - Wings and A Rooms of Stranger, and the status of the subject and self is also different. In conclusion, this study found that the theme of modernist literature changes with the times, and that the individual works of the two modernist writers were uniquely created according to the different situation of the times and the literary character of the writer.
A Study of the Grammatical Characteristics of Verb ‘Sipta’
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Bak Jae-Hee
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to explain the grammatical characteristics of the verb ‘sipta' in Korean. In previous studies, the verb ‘sipta’ is dealt with a dependent verb and the verb ‘sipta’ with the former verbs ending suffix construct the so-called “periphrastic constructions”. ‘-ko sipta’ and ‘-nunka sipta’ are two main “periphrastic constructions”. When ‘-ko sipta’ is used in the sentence, this sentence should be interpreted as ‘the speaker want to realize the meaning of the previous verb.’ When ‘-nunka sipta’ is used in the sentence, this sentence should be interpreted as ‘the speaker can guess or think the preposition of the sentence’. The previous studies proposed that ‘spita’ makes ‘periphrastic constructions’ and these constructions are interpreted as various meaning in Korean. This study tried to explain the meanings and the grammatical features of the verb ‘sipta’. This paper proposed that the verb ‘sipta’ related to a grammatical category [person]. As a result. the feature [+1st person] is realized, the verb ‘sipta’ means ‘hope or desire’ and the feature [-1st person] is realized. the verb ‘sipta’ means ‘guess or think’. The difference of this person feature shows us to the difference of meaning of the verb ‘sipta’ and the realization of the verb ending suffix and the verb ‘sipta’ in Korean.
Último recuento: una estrategia efectiva para la evaluación de indicadores de germinación en especies forrajeras en situaciones de estrés
Authors: Carbó Lorna Ileana , Volpe Susana Mirta , Gutiérrez Guadalupe , Herrero María Alejandra , Gil Susana Beatriz
Published: August 2023

Existen pruebas estandarizadas para evaluar la calidad de las semillas y para ensayos de biomonitoreo ambiental, las cuales utilizan indicadores que permiten establecer la sensibilidad de diversas especies a condiciones ambientales, aunque los momentos de medición no siempre son tenidos en cuenta. El propósito del trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia del uso de diferentes indicadores de germinación y sus momentos de medición, tanto los frecuentemente utilizados como los generados en este estudio para cinco especies forrajeras bajo distintas condiciones de estrés ambiental, asociado a la utilización de purines para el abonado. Se realizaron ensayos independientes con Avena sativa, Zea mays, Lolium multiflorum, Vicia sativa y Sorghum sudanense, donde en cada uno se aplicó un diseño factorial completamente aleatorizado (2 × 3 × 5) con tres factores: (a) momento de medición (72 h y último recuento (ur)); (b) contenido de materia seca del purín (0, 5, 15 % ms) y (c) conductividad eléctrica (ce: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mS/cm) de la solución. Se evaluaron: el índice de germinación (ig) y dos nuevos indicadores: el incremento de semillas germinadas (ISemGUR) y el incremento del largo de la raíz (ILRUR). Se realizó un Anova para cada ensayo y comparaciones múltiples según el test de Duncan (α = 0,05). En todas las especies, los ig presentaron diferencias significativas entre ambos momentos de medición en al menos uno de los tratamientos y, ocasionalmente, efectos opuestos. Así, realizar las mediciones tempranas puede llevar a interpretaciones erróneas. Como única medición, la realizada al ur sería la más adecuada, particularmente en especies con tiempos más extensos de germinación. Serían necesarios ensayos que midan estos indicadores en otros momentos, tanto anteriores (energía germinativa) como posteriores (efectos fitotóxicos a largo plazo).
Biologically synthesized Copper Nanoparticles from S. epidermidis on resistant S. aureus and cytotoxic assay
Authors: H. Kadhim1 Zahraa , Ahmed Mais E. , Şimşek Ilker
Published: August 2023

The risk of significant concern is resistance to antibiotics for public health. The alternative treatment of metallic nanoparticles (NPs), such as
heavy metals, effects on antibiotic resistance bacteria with different types of antibiotics of - impossible to treat using noval eco-friendly synthesis technique nanoparticles copper oxide (CuO NPs) preparation from S. epidermidis showed remarkable antimicrobial activity against S.aureus Minimum inhibitory concentra
range (16,32,64,256,512) µg/ml via well diffusion method in vitro, discover those
concentrations effected in those bacteria and the best concentration is 64 µg/ml,
characterization CuO NPs to prove this included atomic force microscope, UV,
X-ray Diffraction and TEM, and anticancer activity was tested against cell membrane A375. The cell viability was decreased with increasing the CuNPs. It displayed a dose-dependent sequence of progressive cytotoxicity beginning at a
lower concentration to its maximum inhibition (22)% inhibition of HdFn cells
and (66)% inhibition of A375 cells.
Keywords: CuO NPs, Green Synthesis, A375cells.
The effect of using green tea on the quality characteristics of sponge cake.
Authors: Bader Jerad Shammari Bushra
Published: August 2023

The research aimed to determine green tea powder's total protein, phenolic content, and vitamin C. The results were protein1.12%, phenolic content 143 mg /
100g and vitamin C 68 mg / 100g respectively. Beside. The functional properties
were also determined. According to the results, green tea powder had a high water holding capacity of 254% and an oil holding capacity of 214% compared with
wheat flour. The research also determined the effect of replacing wheat flour with
green tea powder at 5%, 7.5% and 10%. The results showed that sponge cake
made from green tea at level 5% was higher in short compared with the other
sample and control. The hardness of sponge cakes decreased from 700 g, 550 g –
400 g, 350g, to 340 g with an increased additional level of green tea powder. The
sponge cake was stored at 25-30Cº for 8 days. The results showed that the peroxide value increased during storage; a high peroxide value was observed in the
control sponge cake from 0.4 to 7 liquid Kg. In contrast, low peroxide values
ranged from 0.2 to 1 liquid.Kg in sponge cake containing green tea 10%.The results demonstrated that green tea could be a good source of antioxidants in food
industries.
Keywords: phenolic, vitamin C. water holding capacity, sensory evaluation,
hardness
Effect of fsh on lipid profile in postmenopausal women
Authors: A. Mhadi Shaima , Hilal Nihad N. , Abdul-Aziz Mohammed M.
Published: August 2023

The World Health Organization (WHO) and Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW) define menopause as a permanent endpoint of the menstrual cycle for one year that occurs naturally or by induction of surgical procedure, chemotherapy or radiation .The etiology of menopause is classified into physiological and non-physiological. Pathophysiology of menopause includes the decline of ovary function in menopause, response to a loss of ovarian feedback mechanism, and the decline of the hypothalamus and pituitary function. Endocrine changes in menopause lead to alteration of gonadotropin secretion cycle patterns, changes in steroid and peptide hormones through monophasic patterns to increase gonadotropin, and decreased estrogen .Aim: This study aims to investigate the effect of FSH on lipid profile in postmenopausal women. Study design: A cross-section observational study. Method: The study is a cross-sectional study done on 90 women. These women aged more than 50 years had cessation of menstrual cycle for over a year. The blood samples were taken from 90 postmenopausal women, and interviews were conducted using a questionnaire. FSH measure, by ElectroChemiLuminescence (ECL) technology for immunoassay analysis done by Cobas e411 device. Lipid profile measure, by manual techniques done by use of spectrophotometer device. Result: We observed increase in Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) during postmenopause has a positive significant correlation with body mass index (BMI) (r 0.350, p 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (r 0.397, p 0.001) and Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ( r 0.421, p 0.001) FSH also correlated positively but insignificant correlation with triglyceride (TG) (r 0.175, p 0.098) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) ( r 0.055, p 0.604). FHS has a negative significant correlation with Estradiol ( r -0.509, p 0.001) and Vit.D( r-0.220, p 0.037) as well as FSH correlated negative but insignificant with age ( r -0.142, p 0.183) and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) (r -0.048, p 0.656). Conclusion: The current study showed a significant positive correlation of FSH with TC and LDL, an insignificant positive correlation with TG, and an insignificant negative correlation with HDL. Keywords: Postmenopause, FSH, Lituenizing Hormone, HDL
Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis related with uric acid in B-thalassemia
major patients
Authors: Alwan Kadhim Wurood , Khudhair Al-Hamairy Ahmed
Published: August 2023

Laboratory experiments were performed to study 66 samples were collected for
beta-thalassemia patients, with 30 samples for control of healthy people, male
and female, and 96 samples were examined in the Cobas e411 Advice for both
IgG and IgM, 20 samples were obtained positive for IgG in patients with betathalassemia, and one sample was positive for IgM, then the Uric Acid examination was conducted for all After that, 12 male and female samples were selected
with a high percentage of Uric Acid, 6 of which were positive for Toxoplasmosis
and 6 negatives for the disease. To perform the Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique and use the standard substance allantoin to observe the
relationship between Uric Acid and Allantoin, where the relationship is inverse
between them; in the case of infection and the presence of the parasite in the
blood, the Uric Acid oxidizes and combines with the free radicals (reactive oxygen species) in the blood such as oxygen and hydrogen peroxide that are harmful
to the cell or tissue. Free radicals in abundance and as a guide to the extent of
damage performed by the parasite.
Keywords: beta-thalassemia, Uric Acid, Allantoin, Toxoplasmosis, IgG and
IgM.
Isolation and identification of some types of histamine-producing bacteria
from shrimp in local markets
Authors: Adel Qasim Doaa
Published: August 2023

Different genera and species of bacteria were isolated from shrimp, which were
brought from the Al-Faw area in the Basra governorate, and these isolates were
diagnosed after purification through studying their phenotypic characteristics and
conducting API confirmation, biochemical tests, motility examination and staining with gram stain, in addition to using different types of diagnostic tools bacteria. Twenty-five bacterial isolates of genera and species of bacteria were isolated
and diagnosed from shrimp. Morganella morganii sub. Morganii,, Klebsiella
pneumonia sub. Pneumonia, Proteus marina, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella
oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter tailored, Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli, Hafnia alvei, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Citrobacter freundii, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio vulnificus, Serratia
marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus intermedius, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Aeromonas sobria. The results of the
detection of histamine-producing bacteria, which were detected by using broth
media such as Histamine decarboxylase broth (HDB), Trypticase Soy brothhistidine (TSBH) and solid media such as Histamine decarboxylase agar (HDA)
showed that all bacteria were producing histamine in different proportions except
Aeromonas sobria and Hafnia alvei were non-histamine-producing.
Keywords: histamine, shrimp, bacterial contamination
Identification of Permeable Structures and Heat Source in the Geothermal Working Area of Galunggung Volcano and the Heat Source Connectivity to the Karaha-Cakrabuana Area Using Gravity Data
Authors: Prabowo Leo Agung , Husein Salahuddin , Sismanto Sismanto
Published: August 2023

Galunggung volcano area is a geothermal concession area that adjacent with Karaha-Cakrabuana concession area with a distance around 1 km. Indonesian Government planning to build power plant in 2025 so additional research needed to support the plan. Gravity survey could help in identifying permeable structure (fault) as well as heat source to a certain depth. The results of data processing showed the presence of faults seen on the FHD, SVD, and ABL residual maps, while for heat sources it was shown from the closed contour patterns on the ABL, residual, and regional maps. Derivative analysis in strengthens the position and type of fault from the match between the maximum FHD value and zero SVD value. From these results, identified the existence of three faults in the study area and were all identified as normal faults. 3D modelling gave a picture of density contrast in research area. From the section profile that pass through Galunggung and Telaga Bodas crater, heat source was interpreted as density with value 2.8 – 3.0 gr/cm3 and marked by orange to red color that coincide below Galunggung crater and continoued to Talaga Bodas crater at depths below -3000 masl. This indicate that both concession area was connected.
Sosialisasi dan Pemberian Bantuan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) dalam Upaya Penanggulangan Wabah Covid-19
Authors: Pramono Angga Eko
Published: August 2023

Wabah penyakit Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) telah dinyatakan sebagai darurat kesehatan masyarakat dan menjadi perhatian internasional oleh badan kesehatan dunia (WHO). Adopsi langkah-langkah responsif dalam menghadapi wabah ini mulai diterapkan. Namun, beberapa langkah pencegahan seperti penyemprotan desinfektan dan pemblokiran akses jalan ternyata tidak memiliki dasar ilmiah dan telah terbukti tidak efektif. Kendala lain yang dihadapi adalah minimnya alat pelindung diri. Oleh karena itu, sosialisasi terkait dengan wabah Covid-19 dan pemberian bantuan alat pelindung diri perlu dilakukan. Hal ini bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat dalam menekan penyebaran wabah, meminimalisasi misinformasi, dan mencegah kepanikan masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan sosialisasi penanganan pandemi Covid-19 yang lebih efektif dan efisien dalam bentuk distribusi Buku Saku Desa Tangguh Covid-19 di Desa Gerbosari, Kecamatan Samigaluh, Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Buku tersebut berisi informasi yang komprehensif meliputi definisi, penerapan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS), cara pencegahan, tata cara desinfeksi, dan penggunaan masker yang benar. Hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait dengan penanganan pandemi Covid-19. Alat pelindung diri berupa hazmat coverall washable dan masker kain juga telah didistribusikan. Alat pelindung diri yang diberikan mempertimbangkan aspek reusable dan efisiensi penggunaan. Keberlanjutan program penanganan pandemi Covid-19 perlu dipertahankan mengingat kasus Covid-19 masih tergolong tinggi di Indonesia pada umumnya dan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta pada khususnya.
SGLT2 Inhibition and Kidney Potassium Homeostasis
Authors: Palmer Biff F. , Clegg Deborah J.
Published: August 2023

Pharmacologic inhibition of the sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the proximal tubule brings about physiologic changes predicted to both increase and decrease kidney K+excretion. Despite these effects, disorders of plasma K+concentration are an uncommon occurrence. If anything, these drugs either cause no effect or a slight reduction in plasma K+concentration in patients with normal kidney function but seem to exert a protective effect against hyperkalemia in the setting of reduced kidney function or when given with drugs that block the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis. In this review, we discuss the changes in kidney physiology after the administration of SGLT2 inhibitors predicted to cause both hypokalemia and hyperkalemia. We conclude that these factors offset one another, explaining the uncommon occurrence of dyskalemias with these drugs. Careful human studies focusing on the determinants of kidney K+handling are needed to fully understand how these drugs attenuate the risk of hyperkalemia and yet rarely cause hypokalemia.
History and Growth of Merger and Acquisition
Authors: Saroj Nikhil Gayaprasad , V. Koti Dr. Kartikey
Published: August 2023

Almost all management students have taken an interest in the topic of mergers and acquisitions. In an effort to delve deeply into the phenomena of mergers, amalgamations, acquisitions, and takeovers, this study aims to provide its findings. This research aims to examine the development and evolution of merger and acquisition law. Changes in India's Economy Due to Global Developments Trends in Mergers and Acquisitions: Lessons from India Mergers and acquisitions have contributed to a greater degree of internationalization of the global economy, which is one of the most crucial factors in the present situation.
Exploring the Manager\'s Role beyond the Rule Book: Investigating the Influence of Managerial Emotional Intelligence and Individual Traits on Team Efficiency
Authors: . Anushka
Published: August 2023

Abstract: In most teams, the junior members constitute the primary workforce, while those in managerial positions are responsible for task allocation. Even individuals at the entry level have limited impact on contributions. The pivotal role falls upon mid-level employees, as their optimal performance is essential for the team's overall efficiency.
Estrategias pedagógicas en la Educación superior para la formación de competencias de estudiantes de ingeniería en ambientes virtuales
Authors: Barrionuevo Analía , Vilanova Gabriela , Varas Jorge
Published: August 2023

Un entorno de formación presencial, a distancia o de cualquiera de los modelos mixtos, basado en las Tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC), se apoya en decisiones relacionadas con el diseño de la enseñanza, desde el punto de vista del docente y del propio alumno, en decisiones que hacen referencia al contexto y al marco institucional, y en decisiones que tienen que ver con la tecnología en sí misma y la selección del sistema o herramientas de comunicación más adecuadas. Es necesario formar graduados con competencias técnicas, profesionales y culturales para enfrentar los desafíos de la sociedad, contribuir a los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible y acceder al trabajo digno.

Se requiere de un cambio en la función docente, pasando a ser de experto a ser tutores, guías de oportunidades de aprendizaje y crecimiento intelectual. Desde esta perspectiva, es necesario buscar vías para promover el trabajo autónomo del estudiante, tales como el trabajo cooperativo, el debate, la solución de problemas, el trabajo por proyectos, simulaciones, análisis de casos. El presente trabajo se desarrolla en el marco de una beca de iniciación a la investigación en el PI29/b254, como becaria alumna de posgrado de la Maestría en Educación en entornos virtuales dictada por la UNPA. Se pretende aportar diseños y modelos de gestión de acciones formativas en entornos virtuales que garanticen la inclusión mediante la alfabetización tecnológica para el desarrollo de competencias informacionales, posibilitando la construcción colaborativa de conocimiento en red de los estudiantes de ingeniería de la UTN Facultad regional Tucumán.
Uluabat Gölü (Bursa) Yüzey Suyu Kalitesinin Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Yöntemler ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kesmez Ceren Özlem , Dalkıran Nurhayat
Published: August 2023

Sucul ekosistemler için tehdit oluşturan kirleticilerin bir RAMSAR alanı olan Uluabat Gölü’ndeki etkisini araştırmak amacıyla 2017 yaz, 2018 sonbahar, 2019 ilkbahar ve 2020 kış dönemleri olmak üzere beş istasyondan alınan su örneklerinde bazı fizikokimyasal değişkenler, ağır metaller ve toksik elementler değerlendirilmiştir. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre Uluabat Gölü havzasında yapılan madencilik faaliyetlerinin ve havzanın jeolojik yapısının gölün su kalitesini etkileyen en önemli faktör olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Al, As, B, Fe ve Mn gibi bazı ağır metal ve toksik elementlerin toplam varyansın %30,54’ünü açıklayarak I. eksende pozitif faktör yükü oluşturmuştur. Üçüncü ve dördüncü faktör yüklerinde ise ötrofikasyon ve besin tuzu yüklerinin göl su kalitesine olan etkileri tespit edilmiştir. Faktör analizi sonucunda belirlenen dört faktör yükünün toplam varyansı %85,47 olmuştur. Kruskal-Wallis analizi sonuçlarına göre 31 fizikokimyasal değişkenden 19’u yıllara göre farklılık gösterirken, istasyonlara göre sadece PO4-P’nin anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Cluster analizi tüm fizikokimyasal değişkenlerin istasyonlara ve yıllara göre farklılığını belirgin olarak açıklamıştır. Bu analize göre Uluabat Gölü’nde en kirli nokta Akçalar bölgesi olarak belirlenirken en farklı mevsim kış olmuştur. Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği’ne göre Al, As, B ve Fe’nin maksimum çevresel kalite standardı üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sulama suyu kriterlerine göre ise B, izin verilen maksimum konsantrasyon üzerinde bulunmuştur. Carlson Trofik Seviye İndeksi’ne göre göl suyu değerlendirildiğinde ise, toplam azot ve toplam fosfor’a göre hiperötrofik, klorofil-a değerine göre ise ötrofik karakterde olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Kültür Ortamında Yetiştiriciliği Yapılan Tatlısu Istakozu (Pontastacus leptodactylus, Eschscholtz, 1823)'nda Hareketli Aeromonas Septisemi ve Histopatolojik Bulgular
Authors: Kan Şeydanur , Yıldırım Pınar , Özmen Özlem , Bahadır Koca Seval , Kubilay Ayşegül
Published: August 2023

Bu çalışmada yetiştiriciliği yapılan kerevitlerde (Pontastacus leptodactylus) hastalık belirtileri gösteren 15 adet bireyde bakteriyel, paraziter ve fungal incelemeler yapılmış; patolojik incelemeler için iç organlardan örnek alınmıştır. İncelemeler neticesinde paraziter ve fungal patojene rastlanılmamıştır. Kerevitlerin hepatopankreasından Triptik Soy Agar (TSA) besiyerine yapılan bakteriyolojik ekimden saf bakteri kolonisi izole edilmiştir. Yapılan testler sonucunda bakterinin Aeromonas sp. cinsine ait olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kerevitlerde hastalık çıktıktan sonraki 21 gün içinde %100 ölüm görülmüştür. Histopatolojik olarak; hepatopankreas ve bağırsak dokularında belirgin değişiklikler olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Hepatopankreatik dokuda; epitellerde belirgin vakuolizasyon, tübüllerde düzensizlik, epitel hücrelerinde proliferasyon, nükleer piknoz ve inflamatuar hücre infiltrasyonları ile karakterize edilen belirgin patolojik bulgular tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları Aeromonas sp.’nin kerevitlerde önemli patolojik bulgular oluşturduğunu göstermiştir.
Assessment of Büyük Menderes River (West of the Türkiye) Surface Water Quality with Water Quality Index (WQI), Comprehensive Pollution Index (CPI) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Authors: Zeynalova Nigar , Demirak Ahmet , Döndü Mustafa , Keskin Feyyaz
Published: August 2023

In the present study some of the water quality parameters were spatially examined with water quality and pollution indices in the Büyük Menderes River (BMR). In addition, the more effective parameters on the indices were determined among the parameters measured in the study. The measured water quality parameters were detected as WT:16.5-25.9 oC, pH:7.5-9.3, DO:nd-12.2 mgL-1, EC:312-30215 µScm-1, Salt:0.17-19.6 %o, NO2-N:nd-0.31 mgL-1, NO3-N:nd-1.08 mgL-1, NH4-N:0.035-25.2 mgL-1, TP:0.011-7.45 mgL-1, MBAS:nd-7.79 mgL-1 ve COD:nd-128.9 mgL-1. In the present study, several parameters were determined as the second class and third class of water quality according to the Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulation*. WQI value range was determined as from Bad (38.82) to Excellent (92.35), and CPI as from “Sub Clean (0.39) to Highly Polluted (9.62)” in the stream. It was determined that there was no compatibility between WQI and CPI used in determining the environmental risks in the study area. The GIS was found to be effective in interpreting the spatial distribution of the results obtained and in identifying the key areas that require control. Different statistical analyses were used to determine the relationships between variables. In multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis, it was determined that the most critical parameter affecting the indices was NH4-N. The results obtained from WQI and CPI in the present study indicate that anthropogenic activities are effective in the region.
*:TWPCR, Quality criteria of inland surface water resources in terms of general chemical and physicochemical parameters by Class
The new money laundering machine through cryptocurrency: Current and future public governance challenges
Authors: Prendi Llambi , Borakaj Daniel , Prendi Klarida
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of cryptocurrency in facilitating money laundering and identify different methods and services that send funds through numerous addresses or businesses to obscure their origins using cryptocurrency. The methodology for conducting this research is qualitative. A literature review that involves a systematic and rigorous approach to identifying, analyzing, and synthesizing existing research on the use of cryptocurrency as a money laundering instrument has been taken into consideration. We identified in the first selection more than 150 research papers published between 2002 and 2021. Our results show that cryptocurrency is used in money laundering schemes, including the purchase of cryptocurrencies by criminal networks using illicit proceeds and the use of cryptocurrencies to transfer funds. The biggest issue facing virtual currency currently is that the same attributes that attract legitimate users, such as anonymity, as well as speed and global reach, also attract criminals. Money laundering has had devastating social implications for societies. Our research helps to focus attention on the problems of using cryptocurrency in money laundering practices and possible interventions by the authorities in the form of regulation
Coinfection of influenza A and B and human OC43 coronavirus in normal human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Kim JungHyun , Hickerson Brady , Ilyushina Natalia
Published: August 2023

Background Influenza viruses and seasonal coronaviruses are pathogens
transmitted via an airborne route that can cause respiratory diseases in
humans that have similar symptoms such as fever, cough, and pneumonia.
These two viruses can infect similar human tissues, such as the
respiratory tract and nasal, bronchial, and alveolar epithelial cells.
Influenza virus and seasonal coronavirus coinfections are poorly
understood. Methods Here, we coinfected normal human bronchial
epithelial (NHBE) cells with influenza A/California/04/09 (IAV) or
B/Victoria/504/2000 (IBV) strains and the seasonal human
beta-coronavirus OC43 and evaluated viral replication capacities. We
also examined changes in the expression of various cytokines/chemokines
by qPCR and Luminex assay. Results We observed that replication of IAV
and IBV was not affected by coinfection with OC43. However, coinfection
reduced OC43 titers (~ 3-fold) compared to infection
with OC43 alone. Select cytokine/chemokine expression was increased in
coinfected cells compared to all single infections with greater
differences seen between coinfected cells and cells infected with OC43
alone compared to IAV- or IBV-infected cells. In addition, IL-8 and
IL-1RA showed the highest expression among a panel of 22 cytokines by
Luminex. Conclusions As the rate of influenza and seasonal coronavirus
coinfection continue to increase, our findings may help set guidelines
for the treatments of the individuals coinfected with both viruses.
Losses in the gains of children with cystic fibrosis who had to interrupt their modulator therapies: Time flies for half taken breaths!
Authors: Capraz Burcu , Editor) Ebru Yalcin (Guest , Buyuksahin Halime Nayir , Sunman Birce , Guzelkas Ismail , Alboğa Didem , Erdal Meltem Akgül , Demir Ipek , Atan Raziye , Emiralioglu Nagehan , Dogru Deniz , ozcelik ugur , Kiper Nural
Published: August 2023

Background: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the losses in
the gains of children who had to discontinue their modulator therapies
due to drug delivery procedures. Methods: Demographic,
clinical, microbiologic, radiologic, and pulmonary function test
parameters of twelve CF children, were evaluated. Parameters were
divided into three groups as ‘before treatment’ (BT), ‘during treatment’
(DT) and ‘after interruption of treatment’ (AT) to show differences
between. Results: There was a significant increase in forced
expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) z-score, body mass index (BMI) z-score
and Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised respiratory domain score
(CFQR-RS) of DT compared with the values BT (p=0.001, p=0.012,
p<0.001; respectively). It was found that FEV1 z-score, BMI
z-score and CFQR-RS of DT decreased significantly compared with the
values AT (p=0.003, p=0.01, and p<0.001, respectively). When
post and pre-treatment levels were compared, there was no significant
difference between FEV1 z-score (p=0.07), BMI z-score (p=0.56), CFQR-RS
(p=0.7). Half of patients had percent-predicted forced expiratory volume
levels with a drop of more than 20%. It was also detected that
Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization was a significant factor in
degradation of FEV1 z score to the lower pre-treatment levels.
Conclusion: This is the first retrospective detailed study
about discontinuation of modulatory therapies in children. Our study
shows the importance of treatment continuation as well as the patients
access to these drugs. We hope that this study will raise awareness
about the regular long-term use of modulator therapies. To make these
therapies available worldwide, immediate action is required.
Deterministic factors that influence the community ecology of picobirnaviruses among wild rhesus macaques in human-impacted environments
Authors: Balasubramaniam Krishna , Macias Isamara Navarrete , Islam Shariful , Sjodin Anna , Wells Heather , Tubbs Christopher , Randhawa Nistara , Rostal Melinda , Epstein Jonathan , Darpel Karin , Horton Daniel , Islam Ariful , Anthony Simon
Published: August 2023

Ecologists are increasingly interested in the deterministic factors that
influence microbial communities. Yet in comparison to other microbes,
our understanding of viral community ecology is limited. Here we
investigated the factors influencing the community ecology of
picobirnaviruses among wild rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in
Bangladesh. Using co-occurrence networks and species distribution
models, we found that macaques’ social organisation and anthropogenic
factors (human and livestock densities) had the greatest impact on
picobirnavirus communities. Virus phylogenetic relationships, host
demographics (sex, age), and host physiological stress (cortisol levels)
had less of an impact. We also found a few significant biotic
virus-virus associations that impacted community composition, more so at
lower host social organisational levels (individual macaques within
groups) compared to higher levels (macaque groups within sites). These
findings advance our understanding of the deterministic factors shaping
viral communities, and contribute to changing perceptions of viruses as
embedded components of human-natural ecosystems.
The fitness trade-offs of predation: when to scavenge and when to steal
Authors: Ritwika V. P. S. , Gopinathan Ajay , Yeakel Justin
Published: August 2023

The costs of foraging can be high while also carrying significant risks.
To mitigate these risks, many predators supplement active hunting with
scavenging and kleptoparasitism, in some cases specializing in these
alternative modes of predation. However, the factors that drive
differential utilization of these strategies are not well understood.
Here we use an energetics approach to investigate the fitness advantages
of hunting, scavenging, and kleptoparasitism as a function of predator,
prey, and competitor body sizes for terrestrial mammalian carnivores.
Our results reveal that predator strategies become more diverse with
declining body condition, while the deployment of scavenging and
kleptoparasitism is strongly constrained by the ratio of predator to
prey body size. Our model accurately predicts a behavioral transition
away from hunting towards alternative modes of predation with increasing
prey size for predators spanning an order of magnitude in body size,
closely matching observational data across a range of species.
Audit Team Distance and Audit Quality Threatening Behavior
Authors: Annelin Alice , Che Limei
Published: August 2023

This paper uses unique survey data from a Swedish Big 4 firm to examine the association between audit quality threatening behavior (AQTB) and two types of distance between team members in audit teams (i.e., audit team distance): subjective distance as the perception of proximity, and communication distance as the percentage of communication via technology. Investigating the factors influencing AQTB is important because AQTB adversely affects audit quality. The results show that team members with greater subjective and communication distance engage in more AQTB, which suggests that audit firms should pay attention to team members’ subjective and communication distances and take actions to curb their negative impacts. Using rich data collected from real-world audit team experience, this study deepens our understanding of how different types of audit team distance impact auditors’ AQTB.
Is Audit Quality Higher When Audit Committees Report Strong Oversight?
Authors: Bratten Brian , Causholli Monika , Sulcaj Valbona
Published: August 2023

This article provides a summary of recent research by Bratten, Causholli, and Sulcaj (2022), who examine whether issuers with audit committees who report strong oversight over the audit function have higher audit quality. Using a novel dataset from Audit Analytics that summarizes reported audit committee activities, Bratten et al. (2022) create a composite measure that captures the strength of the audit committee’s oversight of the audit process. The study uses several measures to capture audit quality, including audit fees, discretionary accruals, and propensity to meet or just beat earnings benchmarks. The authors show that, when issuers’ audit committees report activities consistent with being more active in overseeing the external auditor, issuers, on average, have better audit quality.
Corporate Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Performance and the Internal Control Environment
Authors: Moffitt Jacquelyn Sue , Patin Jeanne-Claire Alyse , Watson Luke
Published: August 2023

SYNOPSIS

We consider how corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance relates to the strength of the internal control environment. The transparent reporting hypothesis predicts that high ESG performance signals ethical decision making and/or strong financial performance, both of which manifest in a stronger internal control environment and, therefore, fewer material weaknesses in internal controls. We find that ESG performance is negatively related to the likelihood of general internal control weaknesses, consistent with transparent reporting. We also find that ESG performance is negatively related to company-level internal control weaknesses, which are considered relatively severe. Further, we find that ESG performance is negatively associated with specific internal control weaknesses that indicate a lack of ethical tone at the top. We find support for both ethical and performance explanations behind the transparent reporting hypothesis. Overall, our results suggest that ESG performance is positively associated with the strength of the internal control environment.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: M14; M40; M42.