bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 25-Year History of the use of Organic Soil Amendments in Oman: A review
Authors: Name Rhonda Janke
Published: February 2025

Organic soil amendments have been used in Oman since prehistoric agriculture began and are still being used today. Recently, interest in certified organic farming, and the use of organic soil amendments to enhance soil quality has motivated more research on traditional and new diverse soil amendment products. In addition, the arid climate of Oman combined with sandy soils benefit from non-traditional soil amendments and nutrient sources, such as treated human waste and wastewater. These two are not allowed in certified organic farming but offer sustainable solutions to building soil health for non-certified crops. This review will cover studies of soil quality in Oman related to the comparison of these various amendments, including manures, composts, organic mulch materials, biochar, ash, and others. In general, most of these amendments improve the soil by adding organic carbon, increasing the water holding capacity, improving infiltration rate, and stimulating or providing habitat and food sources for diverse soil microbiological communities. Some amendments can also help crops overcome some of the stresses of agriculture in Oman, such as soil salinity, heat and drought. Most also provide macro and micronutrients for crop growth. Some anti-quality factors may be present however, such as a high carbon to nitrogen ratio in some mulches, or high heavy metal content, human pathogens, and pharmaceutical residues in treated waste or wastewater. Biochar may have a positive or negative effect on soil microbes, depending on the source material and temperature of combustion can result in byproducts that inhibit microbes. The value of soil microorganisms has been shown in organic cropping systems, and several new species have been discovered in Oman. Some of these provide possibilities for biocontrol of pathogens, and increased salt tolerance in crops like tomato. Though much valuable research has been done in Oman and the rest of the world, there is much left to be done to determine the effects of these organic amendments over the long term, and also the interactions among various amendments, soil conditions, soil microbes, and on crops grown with different irrigation methods and cropping systems.
Fruit Flies Fauna, Bio-ecology, Economic Importance and Management with an Overview of the Current State of Knowledge in the Sultanate of Oman and the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: AlWahaibi Ali K.
Published: February 2025

Fruit fly species are important pests of fruit trees and vegetables.They cause significant economic losses due to the damage they cause to fruit and quarantine regulations preventing fruit export. This review was divided into two sections: a general world summary of the currently available literature on fruit flies and a more focused summary of fruit flies in Oman and neighboring countries of the Arabian Peninsula. The world summary covered the latest available information about fruit flies in terms of their general taxonomy, feeding patterns, life cycle, host plants, natural enemies, economic importance, and management tactics. Information was presented about the most recent management techniques, such as augmentoriums, chemosterilants, Wolbachia caused sterility, and auto-dissemination devices. This review also examined the available information about fruit flies in Oman and the Arabian Peninsula in terms of the fauna, economic species, bioecology, and pest management. Twenty tephritid species are known from Oman, and total number of described species from the Arabian Peninsula is 115, with most of the species belonging to the less economic subfamily Tephritinae. Most of the research works about bioecology and pest management of fruit flies comes from Oman, with only three articles from the rest of Arabia. The available regional literature examined are fruit fly surveys based on sampling of fruits and lure traps, and identifications of fruit fly species, their host plants, and parasitoids. It also included population dynamics of the common peach fruit fly in AlBatinah using lure traps, difference in infestations among fruit types, and a comparison of the effectiveness of different lures and trap designs. Finally, we present a summary of research from Oman and the Arabian Peninsula about insecticide trials and physical barriers (fruit bagging and row covers). Researchers in this region should focus on the less touched aspects alluded to in the general review such as biological control using natural enemies, sterile insect methods including the promising use of chemosterilants, and area-wide integrated pest management.
Graphene: Efficient Protective Coating Material for Current Collector in Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Agawal Satya Narayan , Shrivastava Ashish , Singh Kulwant , Soni Amit
Published: February 2025

Aluminium and copper foils are commonly used as current collectors due to low contact resistance, low price and high conductivity, in lithium ion (Li-ion) battery. Localized electrolyte corrosion during long-term cycling, weak bonding of the electrode material with the current collector and limited contact area are major issues still need to address. Advance level research is going on the above discussed paraments. This review study concentrated on employing graphene covering on copper and aluminum foil in lithium-ion batteries to address corrosion issues that the current collector was experiencing. Therefore, it is critical to commend the graphene coating on current collectors, such as copper and aluminum, for preventing corrosion and improving cycle performance while also extending their lifespan. This review study demonstrates that the graphene coating strengthens the bond between the electrode material and current collectors, which is critical for increasing power density. In addition, the modified graphene sheets behave as a protective layer against metal corrosion because of its hardness and mechanical strength can be treated as thin layer and also it offers high transparency and stability.
Akuntabilitas Komisi Pemilihan Umum Kota Serang Dalam Mengatasi Pencatutan Data Masyarakat Secara Ilegal Melalui Sistem Informasi Partai Politik (SIPOL) Pada Pilkada Tahun 2024
Authors: Mahpudin Mahpudin , Ahmad Tazzul Aripin
Published: February 2025

This study examines the accountability of the General Election Commission (KPU) of Serang City in addressing the illegal misuse of citizens' personal data by political parties through the Political Party Information System (SIPOL) during the 2024 regional elections. This phenomenon reflects the weakness of personal data protection in Indonesia, resulting in violations of privacy rights and negative impacts on political rights and societal activities, particularly in the field of employment. Using a case study approach, this research explores the limited authority of the KPU of Serang City in handling this issue and its implications for electoral integrity and democracy. The findings indicate that weaknesses in the data protection system, lack of legal action against violations, and coordination barriers between the KPU and political parties are the main challenges in resolving data misuse cases. Therefore, comprehensive reforms in data governance, strengthening the authority of the KPU, and law enforcement based on the Personal Data Protection Law (UU PDP) are necessary. This study contributes to the understanding of the importance of synergy among relevant institutions in maintaining democratic integrity and public trust ahead of transparent and accountable elections.
A suspensão dos direitos políticos na condenação criminal e os seus respectivos efeitos sociais
Authors: Carvalho de Assis Douglas , Gross Júnior Rauli , Arcoverde Gobbo Lorella
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo objetiva apresentar os efeitos produzidos pelo artigo 15, III, da Constituição Federal de 1988, o qual prescreve a suspensão dos direitos políticos nos casos de condenação criminal. Por meio de pesquisa teórica doutrinária, qualifica os direitos políticos, aduzindo seu desenvolvimento histórico até a perspectiva atual da jurisdição brasileira. Por intermédio da metodologia científica de abordagem lógico-dedutiva, através de pesquisa documental indireta, como a legislativa, doutrinária e jurisprudencial, o estudo compara o tratamento nacional dado a tais direitos com o entendimento da legislação e julgados de cortes internacionais. No segmento principal, busca atestar o confronto de tal previsão constitucional com os demais princípios constitucionais que norteiam o direito penal, sendo estes a proporcionalidade e individualização, que possuem grande relevância na execução penal. De mesmo modo, contrasta a suspensão dos direitos políticos com a perda da cidadania, com a democracia e a morte social do grupo que importa a privação desses direitos fundamentais. Ao final, tomando um ponto de vista mais prático, busca analisar, de fato, os efeitos que tal suspensão acarreta na reeducação dos condenados, analisando notícias e relatos que demonstram que em virtude da supressão de tais direitos, somada à vulnerabilidade social, firmam-se obstáculos para a reinserção social. Sendo assim, verifica-se que a previsão constitucional que priva os direitos políticos dos condenados criminais traz inúmeros contratempos que deterioram os objetivos da execução penal, ferindo a democracia e os direitos fundamentais.
O controle de convencionalidade no caso Artavia Murillo na Costa Rica e da ADPF 54 no Brasil
Authors: Camurça Correia Daniel , Lima Martonio Mont’Alverne Barreto , Correia Michele Teles Alencar
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo visa refletir acerca da importância do controle de convencionalidade no caso Artavia Murillo e outros vs. Costa Rica, que envolveu o embate entre a proteção da vida do embrião de um lado, e de outro, direitos reprodutivos, direito à autonomia, à vida privada e familiar. Nesse caso a decisão formou um precedente, que teve como eixo a interpretação do artigo 4.1 da Convenção Americana, dispositivo jurídico mais tarde tratado no Brasil, no julgamento da Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental nº 54 (ADPF 54). A escolha do tema se justifica pela importância de conhecer como o Poder Judiciário vem interpretando a tutela da vida, no plano internacional, e no plano nacional. O objetivo geral deste estudo é analisar o reflexo que o precedente formado após o caso Artavia Murillo, na Costa Rica, teve no julgado da ADPF 54, no Brasil. Tem-se como objetivos específicos: compreender o papel do controle de convencionalidade, analisar a proteção dos direitos humanos no caso Artavia Murillo e avaliar a semelhança da interpretação da CORTEIDH no caso Artavia e da sentença da ADPF 54. Define-se como problemática: como a decisão da CORTEIDH no caso Artavia Murillo influenciou na formação de precedente no Brasil, decorrente da ADPF 54? O estudo aponta uma crítica à omissão legislativa. Para tanto, utilizou-se como método o estudo de caso, mais precisamente a ADPF 54, com abordagem qualitativa e analítica, leitura de bibliografia de doutrinadores sobre controle de convencionalidade e direito internacional, como Ana Maria Lopes e Valério Mazzuoli.
Palavras-chave: Controle de Convencionalidade. Direitos fundamentais. Direitos humanos. Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos. Convenção Americana.
EFL Learners’ Perception Toward MBKM PMM Program
Authors: Sartika Sartika , Hermansyah Sam , Buhari Buhari , L Syahrir , Faradillah Nurul
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the perceptions of English Language Teaching (ELT) students regarding the Independent Campus Learning Program (MBKM) and Independent Student Exchange (PMM) initiatives introduced by the Indonesian government in 2020. The research focuses on a sample of ten fourth-semester students from the English Education Program at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang, selected through random sampling techniques. Data was collected using questionnaires and interviews, employing a qualitative methodology for analysis.The findings indicate that the MBKM program is well-facilitated by universities, faculties, and study programs, which has resulted in high student interest and participation. The MBKM initiative allows students to develop diverse skills and knowledge by engaging in learning activities both within and outside their main study programs. It also promotes cultural exchange and integration, as evidenced by the experiences of students participating in the Nusantara module. Overall, the research highlights that the MBKM program significantly enhances students' capacity to become multifaceted individuals, better prepared for the demands of the modern workforce. The program's emphasis on independent and cross-disciplinary learning aligns with the government's objective to create a more versatile and competent graduate pool.
Erikson’s Fourth Stage of Development: A Deep Dive into Harry Potter’s Character Progression
Authors: Astuti Theresia Mundi , Prasatyo Bayu Andika
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive study delves into the character progression of Harry Potter, the protagonist of J.K. Rowling’s renowned series, through the lens of Erikson’s fourth stage of psychosocial development - Industry vs. Inferiority. The primary objectives are to discern the character personality that Harry Potter embodies and to elucidate how this pivotal stage of Erikson’s theory is manifested in the narrative. The writers employed a qualitative research methodology. This study offers a comprehensive portrayal of an event or incident that is directly pertinent to the research focus, providing a precise and unbiased depiction of it. An objective and intrinsic technique is used to assess the primary character. The research underscores the profound impact of external influences on Harry’s journey towards industry, overcoming feelings of inferiority, and ultimately, fostering a robust sense of self. Harry Potter effectively completes the fourth stage, which leads to a healthy personality, by establishing a sense of pride in his work and accomplishment. The findings show that Harry Potter, as the main character, is currently experiencing the fourth phase of Erikson's psychological development. Harry Potter is a heroic protagonist who effectively accomplishes his purpose and demonstrates bravery. Harry Potter is currently in the fourth stage of Erikson's psychosocial development, known as the stage of school-age children. The findings offer valuable insights into the intricate interplay between literature and psychology, shedding light on the nuanced character development in the Harry Potter series.
Reading Strategies Used by Teachers in Teaching Reading in EFL Class
Authors: Hartati Wa Ode , Tohamba Citra Prasiska Puspita , Faridawati Faridawati
Published: February 2025

The purpose of these researchers is to determine the implementation of reading strategies in the classroom used by English teachers at stage junior high school in kulisusu utara. These researchers use a qualitative design, employing observation and interview instruments. The subject of this research was an English language teacher who has taught English for five years. The researchers' data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's (2014) qualitative data analysis. The research results show that the English teacher has implemented several reading strategies in class. In the pre-reading, the teacher uses brainstorming, encourages the use of dictionaries and discusses text types. While reading, the teacher uses reading aloud and Jigsaw and uses pictures. Post-reading teachers use evaluating comprehension, in particular, tasks, Clarifying and Justifying Student Answers, Questioning Specific Information, and Reviewing Strategies. The additional benefits include: improved comprehension, increased vocabulary, enhanced critical thinking skills, and improved concentration. This study adopts a qualitative approach, and data collection methods such as observation, interviews, and documentation are employed. Data analysis involves data collection, data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of research conducted at a stage junior high school in kulisusu utara, the teacher uses a variety of different strategies with the aim of making it easy for students to understand the material. The teacher once taught without using any strategies. Most students are not serious about learning and make a lot of noise. So, the teacher often uses strategies. Using strategi reading is very beneficial for students. Apart from increasing learning concentration, it can also foster students' interest in reading.
Integrasi Media Pembelajaran Digital dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IX SMP Negeri 13 Makassar
Authors: Fitriana Fitriana , Tri Ananda
Published: February 2025

Rendahnya hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia disebabkan oleh penggunaan media pembelajaran yang kurang bervariasi dan kurang menarik sehingga terasa membosankan bagi siswa. Dalam mengatasi hal tersebut, peneliti mengintegrasikan teknologi ke dalam proses pembelajaran dengan menerapkan media pembelajaran digital. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengingrasian media pembelajaran digital dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian Tindakan kelas (PTK). Dua siklus yang masing-masing siklus terdiri dari, 1) rencana tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, 3) pengamatan, dan 4) refleksi. Sampel penelitian yaitu siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 13 Makassar yang berjumlah 36 siswa. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 13 Makassar setelah pengintegrasian media pembelaran digital ke dalam proses pembelajaran. Data awal hasil belajar siswa hanya mencapai persentase ketuntasan 12,12%, data hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 52% dengan kualifikai cukup meningkat, dan data hasil belajar siswa pada siklus II siswa mencapai persesntase ketuntasan 88% dengan kualifikasi meningkat. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa integrasi media pembelajarn digital dpaat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Identifikasi Metode Project Based Learning Dalam Pembelajaran Drama Pada Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Purba Elisabeth , Banjarnahor Enjel T. , Tampubolon Fitri A. , Sebayang Rizkita R. , Damanik Sheshilia P. , Ambarita Yanti , Harahap Safinatul
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi metode Project Based Learning (PjBL) dalam pembelajaran drama di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA), dengan fokus pada tantangan yang dihadapi siswa dan guru. Pembelajaran drama sering kali dianggap sulit dan tidak relevan, sehingga mengakibatkan rendahnya minat dan partisipasi siswa. PjBL menawarkan pendekatan yang lebih interaktif dan kontekstual, memungkinkan siswa untuk terlibat langsung dalam proses kreatif. Melalui tahapan sintaks PjBL, siswa belajar merancang, melaksanakan, dan mempresentasikan proyek drama, yang memperkuat pemahaman mereka terhadap elemen drama. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PjBL tidak hanya meningkatkan keterampilan siswa, tetapi juga membantu mengatasi masalah yang ada dalam pembelajaran drama.
Representasi Perjuangan Perempuan untuk Medapatkan Pengakuan pada Lirik Lagu Rayuan Perempuan Gila Karya Nadin Amizah (Kajian Feminisme Eksistensial)
Authors: Ramli Ratu Bulkis , Laurensia Elya Puspita  , Suparman Suparman
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap representasi nilai feminisme pada lirik lagu Rayuan Perempuan Gila karya Nadin Amizah. Lirik lagu Rayuan Perempuan Gila menceritakan tentang seorang Perempuan yang berupaya mendapatkan sebuah pengakuan dari kekasihnya. Lirik lagu Nadin Amizah dibungkus dalam metafora yang merepresentasikan nilai emosional, ketidaknormalan, dan upaya perempuan memperjuangkan sebuah pengakuan. Lagu ini dianalisis berdasarkan perspektif feminisme eksistensial dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah lirik lagu Rayuan Perempuan Gila yang mengarah pada nilai-nilai feminisme eksistensial, yakni; kebebasan individu, penerimaan diri, dan perjuangan perempuan dalam menghadapi ketidakpastian. Adapun Langkah-langkah dalam penelitian ini, adalah; 1) identifikasi, 2) klasifikasi, dan 3) interpretasi. Terdapat lima upaya perempuan untuk mendapatkan pengakuan dalam perspektif feminisme eksistensia pada lirik lagu Rayuan Perempuan Gila, di anataranya; 1) Kesadaran akan keterbatasan; 2) penerimaan diri dalam ketidaksempurnaan; 3) melawan stigma dan label sosial; 4) Upaya diam-diam untuk mencintai dan bertahan; 5) Keyakinan terhadap diri sendiri dan keberkanjutan. Selain itu, nilai-nilai feminisme eksistensial, seperti kebebasan, otoritas pribadi, dan perjuangan untuk mencapai eksistensi autentik, menjadi landasan penting dalam memahami representasi perempuan dalam lagu ini.
Konsep Gradualitas Jiwa Perspektif Mullā Ṣadrā dan Implikasinya pada Tahapan Pendidikan Akal
Authors: Zaenal Saleh
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tahapan pendidikan akal berdasarkan gradualitas jiwa dari perspektif Mullā Ṣadrā. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode library research. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis isi atau dokumen. Data-data penelitian diperoleh dari karya-karya asli Mullā Ṣadrā, buku, artikel ilmiah, dan jurnal penelitian yang membahas konsep-konsep filsafat dan pendidikan Mullā Ṣadrā. Data-data tersebut dianalisa dan diinterpretasi untuk menghasilkan pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang konsep gradualitas jiwa dan implikasinya pada tahapan pendidikan akal.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya intelektual atau akal menurut Mullā Ṣadrā merupakan salah satu tingkatan terakhir dari jiwa dan memiliki dua daya: quwwah 'ālimah (daya teoritis) dan quwwah 'āmilah (daya praktis). Quwwah 'ālimah adalah daya yang mampu memahami konsep-konsep universal dan memiliki empat tingkatan: potensial (bil quwwah), habitual (bil malakah), aktual (bil fi`l), dan yang diperoleh (bil mustafād). Adapun quwwah 'āmilah (daya praktis) adalah daya yang mampu memahami tindakan-tindakan dan memiliki empat tingkatan: penyucian lahiriah, penyucian batin, penghiasan batin, dan fanā` dalam Tuhan.
Berdasarkan hal ini, pendidikan intelektual dari perspektif Mullā Ṣadrā berarti menciptakan kondisi pendidikan yang kondusif untuk melalui tingkatan-tingkatan rasional dan mencapai tingkatan terakhir dari kemampuan akal yaitu akal mustafād dan fanā dalam Tuhan saat terhubung dengan akal aktif (aql fa`āl). Tahapan pendidikan intelektual berdasarkan tingkatan jiwa dibagi menjadi lima tahap: pra-persiapan, persiapan, inisiasi, moderasi, dan transenden.
Analisis Unsur Intrinsik Novel “Eccedentesiast-Happy Version” karya Ita Krn
Authors: Pratiwi Oktavia , Wainayah Rida , Damariswara Rian
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis unsur intrinsik dalam novel Eccedentesiast—Happy Version dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Metode penelitian ini berfokus memberikan penjelasan rinci tentang unsur-unsur yang terdapat dalam novel, tanpa mengandalkan statistik atau data numerik. Novel ini menceritakan tentang seorang remaja bernama Canva Narendra dan usahanya yang tiada henti untuk mendapatkan perhatian orang tua. Novel ini dipilih oleh peneliti untuk mengidentifikasi tema novel, alur, latar, perkembangan tokoh, sudut pandang, gaya penulisan, dan amanat.
Penerapan Model Discovery Learning dengan Pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) Menggunakan Media Kartu Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia di Kelas V SD Inpres Mariso 3 Kota Makassar
Authors: Anjar Dwi Kusuma Wardani  , Ayu Anggraeni  , Halim St. Nur Humairah
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik di kelas V SD Inpres Mariso 3 Kota Makassar melalui penerapan Model Discovery Learning dengan pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) menggunakan media kartu. PTK ini terdiri dari dua siklus pembelajaran, masing-masing melalui tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah 25 peserta didik kelas V yang terdiri dari 11 peserta didik laki-laki dan 14 peserta didik perempuan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode deskriptif komparatif dengan membandingkan hasil siklus I dan II. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar bahasa Indonesia peserta didik sebesar 77,5% pada siklus II, sementara hasil belajar peserta didik meningkat sebesar 100% pada siklus yang sama. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning dengan pendekatan CRT dan media kartu berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik di kelas V SD Inpres Mariso 3 Kota Makassar  pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2024/2025.
Defisit Ilokusi Asertif Penderita Skizofrenia: Kajian Pragmatik Klinis
Authors: Yessy Ade Winarti  , Irma J. E Janis
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji bentuk defisit tindak tutur lokusi pada tuturan penderita skizofrenia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kajian pragmatik klinis. Lokasi penelitian ini di Klinik Kesehatan Jiwa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik SBLC. Teknik analisis data melalui pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, analisis data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian bentuk defisit tindak tutur ilokusi asertif penderita skizofrenia. Berdasarkan temuan yang diperoleh dalam penelitian terdapat defisit pragmatik ilokusi asertif pada tuturan penderita skizofrenia. Penderita sering menggunakan bahasa yang tidak spesifik dalam penggambaran komunikasi untuk menyampaikan maksud percakapannya, memberikan jawaban yang singkat akibat gangguan berpikir, atau mengandalkan metafora atau simbolisme yang sulit dipahami orang lain. Pada data penelitian tersebut penderita kesulitan dalam membedatan realitas dan delusi yng dialami. Delusi dan halusinasi seringkali memengaruhi persepsi penderita terhadap dunia nyata yang mengakibatkan mereka kesulitan dalam berkomunikasi secara efektif sehingga penderita sering menggunakan kata-kata yang abstrak untuk menggambarkan makna.
SENSITIVITY OF C-VV AND C-VH POLARIZATIONS FOR EDGE EXTRACTION BY MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY IN A DEFORESTATION
Authors: Antônio da Silva Júnior Juarez , Joaquim da Silva Junior Ubiratan , Vinícius Marley Santos Lima Fábio , Da Penha Pacheco Admilson
Published: February 2025

Tropical forests, like the Amazon, represent important reserves of biodiversity. However, processes such as deforestation have led to a reduction in vegetation cover. The objective of this study was to perform the extraction of edges, in a polygon of deforestation contained in a scene of the Sentinel Satellite 1, using the technique of Mathematical Morphology, in the Amazon rainforest, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The methodology was developed to obtain the external, internal and gradient edges of the shallow cut feature, by implementing arithmetic operations of dilation and erosion in the radar image in the VH and VV polarizations. Images from the Sentinel 2 satellite were used on the same acquisition date as the SAR images, spatially comparing the edges obtained by the VH and VV polarizations. As a result, the gradient border presented an outline with a smaller noise and spacing in relation to the external and internal borders. Areas where there were abrupt textural changes presented well-defined edges and without the presence of noise for the polarizations. On the other hand, in locations with greater signal variability, such as agricultural regions, edges characterized by dispersed segments and high noise distribution were observed. Even so, the edges generated by the polarizations did not present significant differences between them. However, the edges obtained from the VH polarization stood out for presenting a smaller difference and higher (R²) in relation to the reference product. This suggests that edge extraction based on cross-polarizations can be an accurate approach for analyzing disturbances in tropical forests, such as in deforestation monitoring.
Gastronomic territories: critical review of the literature
Authors: Macêdo Ana Cristina Linard , Soares Jakson Renner Rodrigues , Solla Xosé Manuel Santos
Published: February 2025

Gastronomic tourism is a growing dimension of cultural tourism, highlighting food as more than a biological necessity, but an expression of cultural identities and social heritages. Gastronomic territories offer unique experiences, where food and culinary practices connect tourists to local traditions and cultures. Studies show that these territories not only enrich tourism, but also serve as tools to differentiate destinations in a competitive market. Integrating gastronomic territories into local development strategies fosters the economy, preserves cultural identity and promotes sustainable practices. These territories contribute to the local economy by supporting small businesses and the production of regional foods. In addition, the search for authenticity in gastronomic tourism encourages the appreciation of traditional ingredients and recipes, creating meaningful experiences for both tourists and host communities. Challenges include training entrepreneurs, accessing financing and ensuring inclusive development. However, innovative initiatives that combine gastronomy with environmental education have shown potential to promote sustainability and social awareness. Collaboration between stakeholders, such as producers and restaurants, is essential to the success of these territories, strengthening community ties and generating a positive cycle of development. Gastronomic territories also contribute to sustainable tourism by encouraging responsible food practices, such as the use of seasonal ingredients and the reduction of waste.
Inclusão de concentrado proteico de peixe (Lutjanus purpureus) na produção de pães: uma solução sustentável e nutricionalmente adequada
Authors: Oliveira Leonnan Carlos Carvalho de , Silveira Bianca Gomes da , Almeida Alessandra Aparecida de Sousa , Ribeiro Silmara Silvia , Lutz Ítalo , Campelo Daniel Abreu Vasconcelos , Cordeiro Carlos Alberto Martins , Signor Altevir
Published: February 2025

Este estudo avaliou a viabilidade de utilizar concentrado proteico de peixe, obtido de resíduos do processamento do pargo (Lutjanus purpureus), na produção de pães nutricionalmente enriquecidos. Foram desenvolvidas três formulações: controle (0% de concentrado proteico de peixe) e com adição de 10% e 20% de concentrado proteico de peixe. Os produtos foram submetidos à análise sensorial por 40 provadores não treinados, que avaliaram aparência, aroma, cor, sabor, textura, aceitação global, frequência de consumo, intenção de compra e ordem de preferência. Adicionalmente, calculou-se o índice de aceitabilidade (IA). Os resultados mostraram que os atributos sensoriais, aceitação global, frequência de consumo, intenção de compra e IA não apresentaram diferenças entre as formulações (p>0,05). Contudo, a formulação com 10% de concentrado proteico de peixe destacou-se como a mais aceita, com IA de 84,78%, superando o controle (80,89%) e a formulação com 20% de concentrado proteico de peixe (82,72%). Curiosamente, na ordenação de preferência, os pães com 20% de concentrado proteico de peixe foram os mais bem classificados (p<0,05), embora sem diferenças em relação aos pães com 10% de concentrado proteico de peixe (p>0,05). Conclui-se que a adição de concentrado proteico de peixe não compromete a aceitação sensorial dos pães, reforçando sua viabilidade como alternativa sustentável para o reaproveitamento de resíduos de pescado. Este modelo contribui para a redução do desperdício, a criação de produtos de maior valor nutricional e o atendimento à crescente demanda por alimentos saudáveis e ambientalmente responsáveis.
The study of a large slide of natural slopes in mountainous areas of south Brazil
Authors: Pinheiro Rinaldo José Barbosa , Ceccato Haline Dugolin
Published: February 2025

The article presents the geological analysis, field monitoring, and interpretation of a large landslide involving rock and soil, which occurred on the edge of the Basaltic Plateau in Malhada, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The investigation included slope stability analysis based on the original 1964 topography, shear strength measurements in the laboratory, and pore water pressure data recorded in the field. The results allowed the reproduction of the conditions responsible for the initial failure. The total volume of displaced material was estimated at approximately 15 × 10⁶ m³. The study suggests that the mass movement is an important example of the geomorphological processes acting on the evolution of the basaltic escarpment, highlighting the influence of factors such as rock material characteristics, hydrological conditions, and stresses acting on the slope over time. The results contribute to understanding the instability mechanisms in mountainous regions, with direct implications for geotechnical risk management in areas susceptible to mass movements.
When Silence Is Heard: Embodied Listening in Medical Facilities’ Competing Sonic Epistemes
Authors: Lipscombe Ailsa
Published: February 2025

Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, I analyze how medical facilities’ sonic ecologies are marked by contradictory frames of interpretation. Tuning into the socio-sonic resonances of the COVID-19 pandemic, I argue that its medical(ized) acoustemologies are shaped by diverse and relational embodiments that resist universalizing narratives of “normate” experiences. I reveal how communities of chronically ill patients and healthcare professionals respond to medical(ized) silence by engaging with their unique histories of listening and their embodied responses to trauma. In turn, I argue that these pandemic listening praxes are produced by—and become reflections of—“the medicalization of the everyday.”
Riff Culture: Spontaneous Solo Performances in Private Rock Music Schools
Authors: Rush Kayla
Published: February 2025

This article presents an ethnographic case study of Rock Jam, a private, extracurricular, fee-based popular music education organization in Dublin, Ireland. It examines the common free-time activity of spontaneous solo riff-playing, arguing that this activity is central to what happens socially, culturally, and musically at Rock Jam. After providing a new definition of riffs, it interrogates how riffs are used in this context, examining their simultaneous functions as both memes and signs. It then discusses the interactions between riff-playing and musician bodies. It concludes by examining the multiple and viral ways in which riffs circulate throughout Rock Jam and beyond.
Uporaba prediktivnih sustava umjetne inteligencije namijenjenih tijelima kaznenog
progona
Authors: Vidaković Ivan
Published: February 2025

Umjetna inteligencija postala je sastavni dio svakodnevice, a kazneno pravo u širem smislu nije ostalo imuno na procese osuvremenjivanja. Implementacijom sustava umjetne inteligencije u tradicionalne djelatnosti, procese te stadije, posebno kroz prediktivne sustave, koji predviđaju buduća kaznena djela, lokacije, počinitelje i žrtve, policijsko djelovanje pomaknuto je s reaktivnog na preventivno. Ipak, učinkovitost i brzina obrade velike količine podataka imaju svoje rizike, a oni se najviše ogledaju u kvaliteti podataka, transparentnosti i točnosti. Jedan od ozbiljnijih pokušaja kontrole i minimiziranja takvih rizika jest regulacija umjetne inteligencije od strane Europske unije putem Uredbe EU-a o umjetnoj inteligenciji. Uvodno se u radu analizira fragmentiranost pristupa regulaciji uporabe umjetne inteligencije, iznosi definicija prediktivnih sustava te navode kategorije tih sustava s obzirom na njihovu svrhu. Razmatranjem prediktivnih sustava s obzirom na njihovu svrhu analiziraju se konkretne implikacije njihove uporabe za temeljna ljudska prava i slobode. Nastavno se analiziraju dosadašnje prakse na primjerima konkretnih sustava i država kako bi se odredile reakcije pravnih sustava na njihovu uporabu putem relevantnih sudskih odluka. Naposljetku se razmatranjem regulacije uporabe umjetne inteligencije od strane Europske unije nastoji utvrditi mogu li prediktivni sustavi ispuniti striktne kriterije visokorizičnih sustava konačno prihvaćene kompromisnim rješenjem s iznimnom mogućnosti uporabe kao visokorizičnih sustava.
Izazovi u procesuiranju i sankcioniranju govora mržnje
Authors: Maršavelski Aleksandar , Munivrana Maja , Sučić Ines
Published: February 2025

U radu autori analiziraju procesuiranje govora mržnje u Hrvatskoj prije svega kroz empirijsko istraživanje kaznenih i prekršajnih predmeta govora mržnje iz razdoblja od 2016. do 2021. godine prikupljenih u okviru projekta REASON. Pritom se analizira pravni okvir i pravosudna praksa te se daju preporuke za unaprjeđenje pravnih odgovora na govor mržnje kako kroz smjernice policiji i pravosudnim tijelima tako i kroz prijedloge de lege ferenda usmjerene na izmjene pravnog okvira. Iako je govor mržnje u Hrvatskoj obuhvaćen Kaznenim zakonom i nizom prekršajnih zakona, praksa pokazuje teškoće u procesuiranju tog fenomena, a važne izazove predstavlja dosljedno razgraničenje kaznenog djela i prekršaja te primjena učinkovitih sankcija. Istraživanje otkriva da sudovi u kaznenim predmetima najčešće izriču uvjetne osude, i to uvijek bez posebnih obveza, a u prekršajnim predmetima novčane kazne. Također, ovo je istraživanje obuhvatilo i karakteristike počinitelja i djela koja se analiziraju u radu. Rad također naglašava potrebu za dosljednijim tumačenjem zakona u vezi sa simbolima mržnje, posebno u kontekstu sportskih događanja. U skladu s praksom Europskog suda za ljudska prava, zatvorska kazna trebala bi biti rezervirana za najteže oblike govora mržnje, dok bi na blaže oblike trebalo primijenijeti alternativne sankcije.
Pravo na učinkovito preispitivanje zakonitosti lišenja slobode uhićenjem ili pritvaranjem s aspekta prakse strasbourškog suda te domaćeg prava i prakse
Authors: Ramadanović Vedran
Published: February 2025

Rad se bavi pravom na učinkovitu sudsku kontrolu zakonitosti oduzimanja slobode uhićenjem ili pritvaranjem kao dijelom zaštite prava na osobnu slobodu iz čl. 5. Europske konvencije za zaštitu ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda (u daljnjem tekstu: Konvencija). Riječ je o konvencijskom habeas corpusu, prema kojem svatko tko je lišen slobode uhićenjem ili pritvaranjem ima pravo pokrenuti sudski postupak u kojem će se brzo odlučiti o zakonitosti pritvaranja ili naložiti puštanje na slobodu ako je pritvaranje bilo nezakonito. U radu se najprije postavlja teorijski okvir, koji omogućuje dublje razumijevanje problematike, nakon čega slijedi analiza standarda prakse Europskog suda za ljudska prava u Strasbourgu (u daljnjem tekstu: ESLJP), te se autor potom kritički osvrće na implementaciju tih standarda u domaćem pravnom sustavu. Posebno se naglašavaju nedostaci domaće sudske prakse, koja u nekim slučajevima odstupa od konvencijskih standarda. Na kraju autor iznosi prijedloge de lege ferenda, koji su usmjereni na unapređenje zakonodavnog i pravosudnog okvira u skladu s međunarodnim standardima ističući potrebu za većom prilagodbom u cilju postizanja uravnoteženog, ali prije svega učinkovitog sustava zaštite prava na osobnu slobodu.
Troškovi kaznenog postupka u sudskoj i državnoodvjetničkoj praksi
Authors: Brđanović Tomislav , Supančić Goran
Published: February 2025

U radu se u „sudskom“ dijelu razmatra pojam troškova kaznenog postupka u sadržajnom i vremenskom pogledu, vrste troškova razmatraju se samo u pogledu pitanja nagrade odvjetnika kao sudionika postupka, a u dijelu o odlukama o troškovima daje se paralelni pregled zakonskih rješenja u vezi sa sudskom praksom i pravnim stajalištima, ponajprije u problematičnim situacijama u sudskoj praksi. U „državnoodvjetničkom“ dijelu rada autori se bave pitanjima u kojim situacijama državni odvjetnik odlučuje o troškovima postupka, kada odlučuje o predujmljivanju troškova, kada je policija obveznik plaćanja troškova, nagrade branitelju kod dokaznih radnji, obustave postupka i plaćanju troškova i olakšanju obveze državnom odvjetniku za praćenje imovnog stanja osuđenika koji je oslobođen plaćanja troškova postupka. U zaključnim razmatranjima autori pokušavaju sumirati izložene praktične probleme i odgovore koje je praksa pružila na te probleme.
Storia e analisi dell’esercizio di una sala parrocchiale. Il cinema Coassini nell’Italia tra gli anni Cinquanta e Settanta
Authors: Stergar Steven
Published: February 2025

The article examines the Catholic “Coassini” cinema run to analyze its internal dynamics in the light of the processes that led to the exponential growth and subsequent decline of parish cinemas in Italy from the 1950s to the 1970s. Among these dynamics, it aims to shed light on the stages of the theater’s design, the reasons behind its technical and aesthetic modernization, and the management of its cinema run, including the relationships with small and large businesses and local and national institutions. The article adopts a microhistorical approach presenting the hypotheses and findings in the context of the period’s broader historical and cultural framework.
Un palazzo “Modernissimo” per Bologna: architettura, tecnologia e identità urbana nella trasformazione di un teatro e di un cinematografo, tra passato e futuro
Authors: Nepoti Elena
Published: February 2025

The early proliferation of cinema theatres in Bologna is closely linked to the city’s urban modern- ization in the early 20th century. This transformation is exemplified by the Palazzo Ronzani and the Cinematografo Modernissimo, which opened in 1915. The creation of this multifunctional building marked a significant transition to modern urban landscapes, fostering social and cultural interac- tions. This article explores the architectural, technological, and urban identity changes introduced by the construction and operation of Ronzani’s building. The resilience and adaptability of the Cine- matografo Modernissimo during challenging times, such as World War I, highlight its importance for Bologna’s history. This significance was rediscovered with the recent restoration and 2023 reopening of the new Cinema Modernissimo in the same building by the Film Archive of Bologna (Cineteca di Bologna).
HUBUNGAN FAST FOOD DAN LINGKAR PERUT PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 5 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Fitriani Rosmauli Jerimia
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang : Pola makan remaja yang tidak sehat seperti sering mengonsumsi fast food dapat menyebabkan obesitas. Obesitas pada remaja menimbulkan berbagai dampak kesehatan dan mental.  Obesitas dapat diukur melalui lingkar perut.
Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi fastfood terhadap lingkar perut remaja SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta.
Metode : Desain penelitian ini menggunakan cross-sectional study yang dilaksanakan di SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 210 remaja, setelah dihitung menggunakan rumus slovin diperoleh hasil sampel yaitu 68.
Hasil : Mayoritas responden (94,1%) konsumsi fast food dalam kategori jarang dan  88,2% responden memiliki lingkar perut yang normal.
Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsumsi fast food dengan lingkar perut remaja SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta dengan nilai p-value 0,065. Diharapkan dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan sampel yang lebih besar dan kuesioner yang lebih detail.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Dengan Kejadian Kurang Energi Kronis Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Marga I Tabanan
Authors: Sueni Ni Wayan
Published: February 2025

Pregnancy is women’s physiological process which begins with fertilization of the woman's egg cells. CED is a condition that pregnant women experience adequate nutritional intake. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge of pregnant women and the incidence of CED. This study held in September 2024,using correlational quantitative with crossectional study at Puskesmas Marga I working area. Total sample was 75 pregnant women who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria, using purposive sampling. The majority of 20-35 years old pregnant women are 75 people (100%), 55 people had a high school education (73.3%), and 42 people (56%) had employment status. 71 respondents had good knowledge (94.7%), most respondents do not suffer CED, 68 respondents (90.7%). The results of the test using Spearman rho showed there was a significant correlation between the knowledge of pregnant women and the incidence of CEDwith p-value 0.03 (<0.05) and the r-coefficient value 0.647, showed that there was a relationship between knowledge of pregnant women and the incidence of CED at Puskesmas Marga I. It is hoped that health workers will increase communication of educational information about nutrition in pregnant women to prevent CED.
Keywords: knowledge, pregnancy, CED
Pudendal Nerve Block with Bupivacaine Vs Bupivacaine Plus Steroid on Reducing Perianal Pain After Hemorrhoidectomy
Authors: Rafiq Tehmina , Ali Mansab , Usman Amir , Shafiq Umer , Ara Seemab , Tayyab Syed Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Postoperative pain management in hemorrhoidectomy remains a clinical challenge, with pudendal nerve block (PNB) emerging as an effective technique. Adding steroids to local anaesthetics may enhance analgesic efficacy and prolong pain relief. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of pudendal nerve block (PNB) using bupivacaine alone versus bupivacaine with dexamethasone in reducing perianal pain following hemorrhoidectomy. Methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore, from July 31, 2024, to January 30, 2025. A total of 60 patients undergoing hemorrhoidectomy were randomly assigned into two groups: Group A (n=30) received PNB with 20 mL bupivacaine. Group B (n=30) received PNB with 20 mL bupivacaine and 8 mg dexamethasone. The blocks were performed bilaterally under spinal anaesthesia using anatomical landmarks. All patients received standard postoperative analgesia. Pain scores were recorded at 12 and 24 hours postoperatively using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Group comparisons were conducted using the t-test, with statistical significance at p ≤ 0.05. Results: The mean pain score at 12 hours postoperatively was significantly lower in Group B (1.90 ± 0.481) compared to Group A (2.47 ± 0.681), with a p-value of 0.001, indicating a statistically significant difference in pain relief. The addition of dexamethasone resulted in enhanced and prolonged analgesia without increasing adverse effects. Conclusion: The use of PNB with bupivacaine plus dexamethasone significantly reduces postoperative perianal pain after hemorrhoidectomy compared to bupivacaine alone. This combination provides superior analgesic efficacy and can be considered a safe and effective technique for pain management in perianal surgeries.