bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Programmed intermittent epidural boluses (pieb) for labor analgesia: study of the sensor block and effects on maternal motor function
Authors: Upryamova Ekaterina Y. , Shifman E. M. , Krasnopolskij V. I. , Ovezov A. M.
Published: January 2021

Background. Programmed intermittent epidural boluses (PIEB) technique is a promising approach that demonstrates certain advantages over traditional techniques of epidural analgesia. We compared the dynamics of the sensory block of PIEB + parturient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with continuous epidural infusion (CEI) + PCEA for maintenance labor analgesia and the incidence of motor block (MB) in women who received PIEB or traditional techniques.
Methods. A total of 165 subjects were studied. All parturients were divided into five groups: manual boluses, PCEA, PCEA + CEI, PIEB + PCEA; levobupivacaine 0.25 mg/mL; 1.25 mg/mL; 0.625 mg/mL. The level of the MB was evaluated by the classic Bromage scale (0-1-2-3). The level of the sensor block was evaluated by the pin-prick test.
Results. MB was reported in 80% in group 1 120 min after analgesia, 78% and 52% in groups 2 and 3 at the 150th min (p 0.001); in group 4, the MB frequency was 6% 15 min after the start and was increasing to 40% at full cervical dilation (p 0.001). In group 5, the relative MB frequency did not exceed 10% at the 120th min and was 0% at full cervical dilation (p 0.00001). The results indicate that in the PIEB group, the level of sensory block in patients was higher 15 min after the start of analgesia and remained so until the end of the observation period [median PIEB Th5 versus Th8 in the CEI group, (p 0.0004)].
Conclusions. PIEB + PCEA technique maintained a consistently high level of sensor block throughout the study compared to PCEA + CEI, which ensured effective analgesia in the first and second stages of labor with minimal MB.
Double-blind randomized study of lidocaine, bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine myotoxicity in rats
Authors: Lakhin Roman E. , Gemua I. A. , Averyanov D. A.
Published: January 2021

Background. Myotoxicity of local anesthetics in a clinical practice was revealed at various types of regional anesthesia. The degree of functional recovery of damaged muscles and the length of time before the recovery differ significantly in different studies. Despite the generally accepted opinion about the anti-inflammatory effect of local anesthetics, a number of experimental studies have shown that an inflammatory reaction developed at the place of injection into a muscle tissue.
Material and methods. A double-blind randomized study was conducted on 800 rats. A control group was formed whose members were introduced with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Lidocaine concentrations under the study were 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%; bupivacaine, ropivacaine 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%; ropivacaine 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%. A 0.2-mL drug was injected into the biceps muscle under the ultrasound control. The sampling of drugs was as follows: stage 1 was in 1 h after the injection, stage 2 was in 2 days, stage 3 was in 7 days, stage 4 was in 14 days, stage 5 was in 21 days. Signs of an inflammation and damage of a muscle tissue were examined.
Results. An injection of a saline solution to laboratory animals of the control group caused the expansion of intercellular spaces and connective tissue partitions. There were no signs of cell necrosis or apoptosis. The injection of local anesthetics within an hour caused an inflammatory infiltration and a damage to a muscle tissue. The data of pairwise comparisons showed that at the stages of 1 h and day 2 in all the studied groups, the severity of a damage and an inflammation was greater than in the control group with the introduction of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Then, there was a decrease in signs of a damage and an inflammation. At the stage of day 21, there were no statistical differences in comparison with group 1 in any of the study groups. The dependence of the appearances of damage or inflammation in a muscle tissue on the concentration of a local anesthetic was determined by an ordinal regression model. The regression model indicators were significant. They allowed us to describe 87% for damage and 95% for inflammatory changes.
Сonclusion. The toxicity of local anesthetics appeared as a damaging effect and development of an inflammatory infiltration. Local anesthetics were toxic in all studied groups with all concentrations. The higher the concentration of the anesthetic, the more expressed was the damaging effect and the development of signs of the inflammation. The maximum development of the damaging effect was at the stages of hour 1 and day 2 of the study, then there was a decrease in signs of myotoxicity, and by 21 days, the signs of damage and inflammation completely disappeared. The comparative analysis did not reveal any statistical differences that allow us to expressly form a rating from the most to the least myotoxic drug.
New opportunities in the treatment of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia
Authors: Olisova O. Yu. , Anpilogova E. M.
Published: January 2021

Here, we present the results of our research regarding the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH). We observed five patients with CLH. The diagnoses were confirmed both clinically and through laboratory testing. The response to treatment was defined by the index of the modified assessment of the severity of the skin lesions scale (mSWAT). PDT (665 10 nm) with topical photosensitizer application was performed once a week. The PDT course consisted of 4 2 sessions. After the therapy, complete remission was achieved in four patients (80%; mSWAT 95100%) and partial remission in one patient (20%; mSWAT 63%). Thus, PDT proved to be an effective and safe method for treating CLH.
Erythroplasia of Queyrat: modern aspects of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Dubensky V. V. , Dubensky V. V. , Nekrasova E. G. , Muravyova E. S.
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the current data regarding the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of Erythroplasia of Queyrat (EQ). The possibility of using photodynamic therapy (PDT) for EQ is analyzed, and clinical observation of a patient with EQ who underwent PDT with an external gel photosensitizer based on E6 chloride is described.
Psychosomatic disorders associated with pruritus in patients with lichen planus (review)
Authors: Dorozhenok I. Yu. , Snarskaya E. S. , Mikhailova М.
Published: January 2021

This review examines the psychosomatic aspects of pruritus in dermatological practice, as well as chronic dermatoses associated with pruritus of psychosomatic disorders in a lichen planus model. As the leading nosogenic factor, skin itching is involved in the development of psychogenic, neurotic, and depressive disorders. Notably, psychosomatic disorders associated with itching form various comorbidities with phenotypic manifestations of lichen planus. The introduction of an integrated multidisciplinary approach into the clinical practice, with the inclusion of psychocorrectional techniques in basic dermatological treatment, can help to optimize the course of skin disease. The modern domestic and foreign sources of literature were reviewed.
Benign skin tumors arising from the adipose and muscle tissue
Authors: Akimov V. G. , Kruglova L. S.
Published: January 2021

Benign skin tumors arising from the adipose tissue (Derkums disease, Madelungs disease, symmetrical lipomatosis) and the muscle tissue (leiomyoma) are rarely seen at a dermatological appointment, which creates diagnostic difficulties for practicing dermatologists. To improve diagnostic performance, the authors provide brief clinical descriptions and original images of these tumors.
Benign skin tumors arising from the hair follicles and sweat glands
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Akimov Vsevolod G.
Published: January 2021

This article discusses benign skin tumors originating from hair follicles and sweat glands, which can complicate the diagnosis for the medical practitioners. Original photos are used to illustrate the distinct clinical manifestations of these dermatoses.
Seborrheic keratosis: external therapy with destractive solution
Authors: Tarasenko G. N. , Lamotkin I. A. , Tarasenko Yu. G. , Kolenko N. G.
Published: January 2021

This article describes the clinical aspects and treatment of seborrheic keratosis. The authors report the highly effective use of destructive therapy, 1.5% zinc chloropropionate solution in 2-chloropropionic acid, in patients with seborrheic keratosis.
Cutaneous manifestations of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
Authors: Olisova Olga Yu. , Snarskaya E. S. , Anpilogova E. M.
Published: January 2021

This article presents the recently published data on the pathogenesis and cutaneous manifestations of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). The main symptoms of COVID-19 have already been well studied. However, recently, some reports on cutaneous manifestations (urticaria, papulae and vesicles, erythematous rash, purpura, livedo-angiitis, eruptive angioma, chilblain-like rash, pityriasis rosea, erythema multiforme, and periorbital dyschromia) in patients with COVID-19 have been made. Moreover, the healthcare professionals using personal protective equipment more frequently may develop occupational dermatoses.
Skin manifestations in patients with a new coronavirus infection: clinical cases
Authors: Olisova Olga Yu. , Snarskaya E. S. , Teplyuk N. P. , Prokofiev A. A.
Published: January 2021

Clinical cases of cutaneous eruptions in patients with new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) are described. The authors conclude that predominant morphological eruptions in the form of macules, papules and weals are associated with COVID-19. As a rule, eruptions occur simultaneously with the onset of the first signs of the disease or several days later both in adult and children. The severity of COVID-19 does not generally correlate with the severity of skin clinical manifestations. The skin eruptions are most frequently difficult to attribute to a particular diagnosis, and they are often diagnosed as some kind of dermatosis. Skin eruptions regress quite shortly due to COVID-19 treatment and improvements in the patients general condition as well as the use of topical steroids, or even without treatment.
Aspects of comprehensive treatment for adolescents with acne vulgaris from
the perspective of psychological counseling
Authors: Nikolayeva N. N.
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the manifestations of the adolescence crisis in patients with acne vulgaris, using a four-level personality model (biological, psychological, social, and spiritual levels). On the one hand, the adolescence crisis can trigger acne vulgaris in case of a genetic predisposition; on the other hand, acne can aggravate the process of experiencing the adolescence crisis. The authors suggest the use of psychological counseling (relaxation techniques, methods of rational psychotherapy, etc.) within the dermatological care for adolescent patients with mild and moderate acne vulgaris. The authors present the results of a study of the efficacy of comprehensive therapy (including psychological counseling) in adolescent patients with mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris, compared with traditional dermatotropic therapy. Statistically significant differences between two groups were revealed in the changes in the indicators of the mental condition presentation (r = -0.90; p 0.05), the dermatological index of acne (DIA) (r = -0.34; p 0.05), and indicators of quality of life (r = -0.72 and r = -0.68. according to the questionnaires of the Dermatology Life Quality Index and Skindex-29, resp.; p 0.05). Simultaneous improvement in the psychoemotional status was correlated with positive cutaneous changes, as evidenced by the direct rather than pronounced statistically significant relationship between the indices of the experience scale and the ADI index (r = 0.52; p 0.05). The obtained results show that the use of psychological counseling in the comprehensive treatment for adolescents with mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris is more effective compared with the traditional dermatotropic therapy.
SECUKINUMAB FOR TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY PSORIASIS
Authors: Olisova O. Yu , Nikuradze Victoria O.
Published: January 2021

Refractory psoriasis with a pronounced negative impact on the quality of life of patients is a high percentage. This disease is a difficult therapeutic task, both from a clinical and scientific point of view that indicates search relevance for new methods of treatment. Convincing data confirming the central role of interleukin-17 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the importance of biological therapy aimed at interleukin-17 in the treatment of moderate and severe psoriasis, suggest secukinumab as one of the most promising of the currently existing drugs.
SCLEROATROPHIC LICHEN - CURRENT DATA ON THE ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL FEATURES AND TREATMENT
Authors: Semenchak Yulia Aleksandrovna
Published: January 2021

Scleroatrophic lichen (SL) - chronic autoimmune dermatosis, is one of the clinical variants of limited scleroderma, characterized by multifactorial genesis of development against the background of immunological changes, vascular and metabolic disorders in the connective tissue, which is characterized by severe focal atrophy of the skin and mucous membranes of the external genitals. SL is a debilitating disease causing itching, pain, dysuria and impaired urination, dyspareunia and significant sexual dysfunction in women and men. This article presents a review of current literature data on the etiology and pathogenesis, clinical picture, classification, differential diagnosis of the disease, as well as methods of treatment of patients. This review is based on the analysis of 64 articles, which were obtained from eLibrary, PubMed, NCBI, Embase.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TOPICAL TREATMENT COMBINATION OF BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE 0.05%/CALCIPOTRIOL MONOHYDRATE 0.005% GEL AND CLOBETASOLE PROPIONATE 0.05% OINTMENT IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ONYCHODYSTROPHY
Authors: Maximov Ivan S. , Kochergin N. G , Novoselov V. S , Ushakova D. I
Published: January 2021

Psoriatic onychodystrophy is a comorbidity that often occurs in patients with psoriasis, affecting their quality of life. Although success has recently been achieved in the treatment of the cutaneous form of psoriasis, there are few publications about nail therapy with proven effectiveness. The development of effective and safe therapies remains relevant for nail psoriasis. Objective. to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of the fixed combination of betamethasone dipropionate 0.05%/calcipotriol monohydrate 0.005% gel and clobetasole propionate 0.05% ointment in patients with psoriatic onychodystrophy. Material and methods. the study included 50 patients with psoriasis vulgaris, mild to moderate severity with lesions of the nail plates. Patients were divided into two groups and used betamethasone dipropionate 0.05%/calcipotriol monohydrate 0.005% gel (group A) and clobetasole propionate 0.05% ointment with occlusion (group B) for 24 weeks with hardware treatment of nail plates at 0, 8, 16 weeks. They did not receive any other local or systemic treatment. The severity of nail psoriasis was assessed by the NAPSI index at week 0, 8, 16, and 24, and by the IGA after treatment. results. 43 patients completed the study. At the beginning of the study, the average NAPSI was 32.8 ± 10.3 in group A and 33.1 ± 9.8 in group B. At week 24 the average NAPSI score decreased to 12.8 ± 7.2 in group A and 11.8 ± 68 in group B. IGA for evaluation treatment score was 3 ± 0.74 in group A and 3.1 ± 0.79 in group B. Conclusions. Combined treatments in the form of hardware processing nail plates with betamethasone dipropionate 0.05%/calcipotriol monohydrate 0.005% gel and clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment are effective and can be used in patients with moderate and severe nail psoriasis, which is confirmed by the results in clinical improvement of 60.8% and 64.5%, respectively, based on a decrease in NAPSI at 24 weeks and an assessment of the therapeutic response after treatment using the IGA.
ANTIBACTERIAL PEPTIDES IN THE TREATMENT OF ACNE VULGARIS PATIENTS
Authors: Ma Ziyuan , Kochergin N. G
Published: January 2021

Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial disease. Besides genomic regulatory mechanism and among numerous triggering factors Cutibacterium acnes is considered as one of the main pathogenic factors, that can activate the human humoral and cellular immune system, exhibiting a robust proinflammatory activity. The article provides an updated review of the data on current antimicrobial peptides that could be used as potential therapeutic agents against microorganisms located in the skin and related to acne disease, which embraces promise to solve the problem of antimicrobial resistance of cutibacterium acnes. The positive results of regular investigation of clinical efficacy of topical antimicrobial peptides GDP-20 in 33 acne vulgaris patients are presented.
Is it possible to identify compliance and adherence to therapy? Experts opinion
Authors: Sokolova Tatiana V. , Davidenko M. S. , Malyarchuk Alеxandr P.
Published: January 2021

Today, the terms compliance and adherence are often used in the medical literature. The problem of patient compliance/adherence to therapy is the basis of the physicianpatient relationship complex. The study of this complex is used by specialists with various profiles to assess the effectiveness of therapy. This publication has studied the opinion of specialists when answering the following question: Is it possible to identify compliance and adherence to therapy? The factors determining the compliance/adherence of patients to treatment regardless of nosological forms of the disease are systematized. A total of four groups of factors of nonadherence to therapy associated with the disease, patient, doctor, and treatment were identified in this study.
Study of the efficiency of a peptide-based cosmetic product in topical therapy for diffuse alopecia
Authors: Korolkova Tatiana N. , Kharitonova E. E. , Shepilova I. A. , Nesterovich D. S.
Published: January 2021

Background: Hair loss is a significant health problem; hence, individuals experiencing hair loss immediately visit a doctor for treatment. Diffuse (symptomatic) alopecia can be the result of various external and internal factors. A doctor should determine the cause of the hair loss and prescribe treatment, including topical agents.
Aim: to study the clinical efficacy of hair spray with peptides in the treatment of patients with diffuse alopecia and its effect on the trichogramma parameters.
Materials and methods: Thirty female patients with diffuse alopecia, aged from 18 to 59 years, were monitored in the Center of Medical Cosmetology of the I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University. In a controlled comparative study, the patients were divided into two equal groups. In group 1 (main), the drug of choice was a spray based on peptides; while in group 2 (comparison), a cosmetic product based on enzymes was applied. The drugs were used topically for 3 months. Patients were examined using questionnaires (objective assessment by the doctor and subjective evaluation by the patient) and photographs and by assessing the morphometric parameters of hair growth before treatment, 3 months after the start of treatment, and 1 month after treatment termination.
Results: In group 1, in the parietal zone, the hair density increased significantly by 19% after 3 months and by 23% after 4 months. The number of anagen hair increased by 8% after 3 months and by 16% after 4 months, with a corresponding decrease in the number of telogen hair compared to the initial level. In the occipital zone, the number of anagen hair increased by 7% after 3 months and by 13% after 4 months, with the corresponding dynamics of telogen hair compared to the initial level. The cosmetic product has been shown to be tolerated well, and no allergic reactions were noted.
Conclusion: The peptide-based spray can be recommended for patients with diffuse alopecia as a topical therapy.
New aspects of localized scleroderma pathogenesis: practical basis
Authors: Zaslavsky Denis V. , Sidikov A. A. , Garyutkina L. V. , Sadykov A. I. , Chuprov I. N. , Kozlova D. V.
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:Recently there has been an increase in the number of patients with scleroderma.
AIM:This study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis and course and present the immunopathogenesis of localized scleroderma (LS) or morphea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:From 2010 to 2019, a prospective study of 77 patients with LS was conducted on the basis of the Leningrad regional center for specialized types of medical care. Based on histological examination, LS diagnosis was verified in 40 of 77 patients. Patients with LS (n = 40) were included in the first research group and were then divided into two subgroups based on the limitation period for the first symptoms of the disease: in subgroup I (n = 20), the disease manifested no later than 1.7 months before clinic visit; in subgroup II (n = 20), the limitation period was 1.5 years.
RESULTS:Patients of both subgroups (n = 40) underwent immunohistochemical (IL-2, IL-4, CD4, CD8, vimentin, Toll-like receptor TLR7) tissue analysis and immunological blood tests to determine autoantibodies. To improve the differential diagnosis of LS, a comparative assessment of clinical manifestations and histological signs was performed in patients with LS (n = 40) and patients with clinically similar dermatoses (n = 37): annular granuloma (n = 12, 7 women and 5 men, average age 44 12 years), small plaque (n = 15, 6 women and 9 men, average age 42 4 years), and large plaque (n = 10, 5 women and 5 men, average age 59 8 years) parapsoriasis. According to the results of the histological examination, inflammatory changes are dominant in patients with LS manifestation period of 1.7 months from the onset of the disease, while fibrotic changes are apparent in patients with a manifestation period of 1.5 years. The expressions of CD4, CD8, IL-2, and TLR7 were more pronounced in subgroup 1, while those of IL-4, CD4, and vimentin were high in subgroup 2. No autoantibodies were detected in the blood of patients with LS. The results allow us to divide the pathogenesis of LS into two phases: inflammatory and fibrotic. Immune dysregulation and fibrosis occur simultaneously, but with phase dependant predominance.
CONCLUSIONS:In the future, a detailed understanding of the pathogenesis of LS will help improve diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms and reduce the frequency of relapse and complications.
Amelanotic melanoma and pyogenic granuloma. Peculiarities of the differential diagnosis
Authors: Zikiryachodzhaev Azizzhon D. , Saribekyan E. K. , Vertieva E. Yu. , Pestin I. S.
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION:Nodular melanoma is a rapidly progressive skin tumour with a high risk of methastasis even on early stages. This fact leads to necessity of non-invasive procedures, which can verify this diagnosis before surgery. Nodular forms of amelanotic melanoma can be hardly diagnosed because of their unusual diagnostic and dermatoscopic features.
CASE REPORT:Pyogenic granuloma is the most difficult disease for differential diagnosis. It is a benign vascular formation, which mimics nodular amelanotic melanoma.
Devergie’s disease: what’s new? Review article
Authors: Teplyuk N. P. , Shimanovskiy N. L. , Ruvinova P. M.
Published: January 2021

This literature review analyzed published articles that provide information about the etiology and patho- genesis of Devergies disease. This paper also presents the current classification and systematization of modern methods of pharmacotherapy. In this review, treatment issues were identified, which highlights the need for further clinical studies of Devergies disease.
Multiple erythematous-squamous foci in visible skin areas
Authors: Tepluyk N. P. , Grabovskaya O. V. , Kayumova Lyailya N. , Mishin S. A. , Mak D. V.
Published: January 2021

The photo task in the form of multiple erythematous-squamous foci in open areas of the skin in a 60-year-old patient is described. The trigger factor for this disease was insolation. Diagnosis was verified histologically.
Chronicles of A.I. Pospelov Moscow Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology Society (MDVS was founded on October 4, 1891)
Authors: Yakovlev A. B.
Published: January 2021

September 15, 2020 on the basis of the Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases. V.A. Rakhmanov, the regular, 1139th, meeting of the Moscow Society of Dermatovenereologists and Cosmetologists named after I. A.I. Pospelova.
Telemedicine as a perspective instrument for developing mobile rehabilitation technology (on the example of FNKC RR)
Authors: Pryanikova Nataliya I. , Polikarpova Olesya S. , Ibragimova Khidjran S. , Bushueva Elena V.
Published: January 2021

Among the innovative technologies of medical care for citizens with impaired consciousness, a special place is occupied by the technology of mobile rehabilitation service (MRS), with the help of which a wide range of patients are served at home, and their relatives and friends receive extensive counseling. The practice of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Resuscitation and Rehabilitation indicates the high efficiency of mobile rehabilitation in this category of patients. Positive experience can be developed, incl. due to the use of telemedicine after completion of the main rehabilitation course. The methodology, in which online sessions and consultations are conducted using video conferencing technology, can significantly increase the territorial coverage of MRS patients, and ensure the continuity of rehabilitation. A special place is given to the interaction of a speech therapist with patients and their relatives, in the framework of which the course of medical and social rehabilitation is continuing. It is stated that the use of telemedicine contributes to the development of remote rehabilitation of handicapped patients with impaired consciousness at home. The accumulated experience allows us to recommend the extensive use of a combination of technologies of MPC and telemedicine, thereby greatly expanding the rehabilitation potential of a significant number of patients at home. It seems expedient to scale up and replicate the experience of MRS FNKC RR within the framework of medical rehabilitation institutions in the country, as well as to raise discussion about the possibilities of expanding the practice of distance counseling and receptions to other stages of mobile rehabilitation.
Epidemiological aspects of the incidence of thyroid cancer in the Russian Federation
Authors: Shurgaya Marina A. , Pogosyan Gagic E. , Puzin Sergey N. , Achkasov Evgeniy E. , Memetov Servir S.
Published: January 2021

The results of an analysis of the incidence of thyroid cancer (thyroid cancer) in the Russian Federation (20082018) are presented. With increasing age, the incidence of thyroid cancer increases. Dominated by people aged 55 years and above (52.9%). Over the 10-year period (20082018), the increase in the rough indicator of the incidence of thyroid cancer was 49.03%, the standardized 43.5%. The prevalence of thyroid cancer among the population of the Russian Federation in 2018 amounted to 114.1 per 100,000 population, which is 52.5% higher than in 2008 (74.8). This is due to several reasons: the demographic aging of the population, an increase in the incidence rate, and an improvement in the detection of the disease among the population (from 17.4% in 2008 to 34.3% in 2018). There was an increase in the share of thyroid cancer patients registered in oncological institutions of the Russian Federation for 5 years or more from the moment of diagnosis (from 61.6% to 68.8%, respectively), and the index of accumulation of patients with thyroid cancer (from 12.4 to 13.9 respectively). In the cohort of thyroid cancer patients, identified actively, the proportion of patients with a tumor process of stage III was 77.7%, and with a running tumor process (stage IIIIV) 21%. There is a differentiation of the territories of the Russian Federation both in terms of early detection and morphological verification of thyroid cancer, and the volume of radical treatment and the use of various methods for its implementation.
Disability as a result of craniocerebral trauma in Russia: actuality and forecasts
Authors: Borisov Ilya V. , Bondar Valeriya A. , Kanarskiy M. M. , Nekrasova Julia Y. , Yankevich Dmitriy S. , Lebedev Alexey S. , Brodnikov Maxim Y. , Miroshnichenko Maria V.
Published: January 2021

According to the World Health Organization, injuries take first place among the causes of death among the population under 40 years of age. In the Russian Federation, in 2019, death from external causes, including injuries, was in third place in all deaths. Among the causes of disability first place. Mortality from severe traumatic brain injury is over 70%. The most common cause of disability and mortality is head injuries. Annually, 1.5 million people die from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the world, and 2.4 million are disabled. According to the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution National Institute of Public Health named after N.A. Semashko, the annual damage from the head injury is estimated at 500 billion rubles. This is a serious socio-economic and state problem requiring complex and multidisciplinary intervention.
Experience with the use of bioactive calcium phosphate-coated implants in multicomponent traumatic damage to the hip joint
Authors: Grin Alexey A. , Markov Alexander A. , Danilova Anastasiya V. , Sergeev Konstantin S.
Published: January 2021

Objective. To study the effectiveness of using implants with a bioactive calcium-phosphate coating on the example of treating a patient with combined fractures of the acetabulum and the neck of the femur.

Materials and methods. A 52-year-old patient, injured as a result of a traffic accident with multicomponent damage to the right hip joint (transcervical fracture of the femoral neck and a high two-column fracture of the acetabulum). Osteosynthesis of the femoral neck fracture is made by three cannulated screws with a calcium-phosphate coating (patent of the RU No. 81427). For the osteosynthesis of the acetabular fracture, a reconstructive plate with a calcium-phosphate coating was used (patent of the RU No. 113945).

Results. Despite the heavy, multi-component destruction of the hip joint, consolidation of the fractures ensued. The remote result is tracked for 10 years. On the score scale of the functional results Harris 89 points, the result is rated as good.

The conclusion. The use of imantates with bioactive calcium-phosphate coatings from hydroxyapatite promotes activation of reparative processes in the region of fractures.
Tweets About Acute Nicotine Toxicity Due to e-Liquid Exposure
Authors: Trigger Sarah , Johnson Moronke Akinso , Zarndt Anh Nguyen , Hill Danielle K.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Intentional and unintentional exposures to electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) e-liquids can cause illness and death. In this study, we describe acute nicotine toxicity due to e-liquid exposure (ANTEE) information found on Twitter and contextualize ANTEE experiences
to clarify conditions associated with exposure. Methods: We obtained 20,180 ANTEE- relevant tweets from 2013-2018. We excluded retweets, suspected bots, non-English tweets, tweets not originating in the US, and advertisements. We coded relevant tweets qualitatively using domains for
e-liquid exposure tweets and e-liquid-related non-exposure tweets (ie, posts reflecting hypothetical exposure, information about e-liquids). Results: Content analyses were based on 1656 e-liquid exposure tweets and 1210 non-exposure tweets. More than half of exposure tweets (61.3%)
were classified as accidental exposures; subjects were predominately young people, assumed to be under age 18 (40.5%), and self (27.7%). The most common exposure route was ingestion (61.1%). Of exposure tweets, 13.9% described health effects and 12.7% described seeking assistance. Most non-exposure
tweets were classified as likely or hypothetical exposure (49.9%) or presentation of advice, information, or warnings (40.5%). Conclusions: Tweets can serve as a novel and complementary data source for learning more about e-liquid exposures.
Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction between Service Quality and Customer Loyalty with Non-Interest Bank in Nigeria
Authors: Sulaiman Sagir Muhammad , Muhammad Muhammad Abdulaziz , Muhammad Aliyu Dahiru , Sabiu Tasiu Tijjani
Published: January 2021

The world has become a global village as competition among banks is now intense. Globalization is fuelling increased competition in Nigerian banking industry and as a result, banks are challenged to adopt customer centred strategies that would enable them to gain customer loyalty, maximize profitability and survive the competition. There is no business that survives without customers’ patronage and Islamic banks are not an exception. Customers are key stakeholders to the survival of any business, thus, satisfying the customer through providing high quality services is core to Islamic banking business. The aim of the study is to examine the mediating role of customer satisfaction in investigating the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty in non-interest bank i.e. Jaiz Bank of Kano state metropolis, Nigeria. The variance based (SEM) technique is employed in analyzing the hypothesized model of the study. Service quality positively and significantly influences customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, whereas, customer satisfaction does not significantly mediate the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty among customers of Jaiz bank in Kano state metropolis, Nigeria. The study recommends for providing high quality service in order to achieved maximum loyalty from the customers. It was further recommended on the need for reviving of the existing regulatory bodies or institutions that will ensure proper implementation of good service quality delivery among non-interest banks in Nigeria.
FACTORS DETERMINING THE SUCCESFUL PERFORMANCE OF BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL IN INDONESIA: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: Dawami Qosdan
Published: January 2021

Notwithstanding Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) has spread tremendously over the past three decades in Indonesia, some of them faced various obstacles that hamper their effectiveness and sustainability. While some of others sustained and developed well, even in the economic crisis conditions. Hence, this study aims to investigate the factors that determine the successful performance of BMT. This study is a field research with triangulation as a mixed method approach through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Whereby the empirical data were collected by means of conducting semi-structured interviews with 3 managers of the BMTs and administering questionnaires to 205 employees of the BMTs. This study examined five factors that influence the BMT performance, namely the capital structure of funding, the governance of the BMT, the human resource adequacy, the product innovation and the repayment of financing products. The results pointed that among the five selected factors, only three factors had positive and significant influence on the successful performance of the BMT, they are the capital structure of funding, the human resource adequacy and the product innovation. The result of this study will also assist policy makers and the BMT managers in further improving the effectiveness and sustainability of the BMT in Indonesia.
Determinant of FDI Inflows in OIC Countries
Authors: Megasari Tania , Saleh Samsubar
Published: January 2021

This study aims to analyze the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) country members for the period 2005 to 2018 The determinant variables of FDI are corruption, political stability and macroeconomic variables such as inflation, exchange rates, economic growth, and trade openness. Analysis used in the study  is the fixed effect model (FEM) of the OIC data panel.The results showed that economic growth and trade openness had a significant influence on foreign direct investment (FDI), while the effects of corruption, political stability, inflation and the exchange rate have no significant effect on foreign direct investment (FDI).
GÜVENLİK İKLİMİNİN BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: DEMOGRAFİK FAKTÖRLER, HİYERARŞİK KÜLTÜR VE ÖRGÜTSEL ÖZDEŞLEŞME
Authors: GÜRSOY Ali , TOPCU Mustafa Kemal
Published: January 2021

İş sağlığı ve güvenliğinin temel amacı iş kazası ve meslek hastalıklarının önlenmesi olmakla birlikte güvenlik iklimi işletmelerin maruz kaldığı doğrudan ve dolaylı maliyetlerin de kök nedenidir. Bu nedenle, iş sağlığı ve güvenliğine güvenlik iklimi olarak daha geniş perspektiften yaklaşmak uygun olacaktır. Çünkü güvenlik algıları olumlu olan çalışanların iş kazası yapma riskinin çok düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda disiplinler arası bir çalışma alanı olan iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinde psiko-sosyal faktörlerin etkisinin araştırılması önemlidir. Bu çerçevede bu çalışmada güvenlik iklimini etkileyebilecek demografik faktörlerle hiyerarşik kültür ve örgütsel özdeşleşmenin etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Ankara ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir Ortak Sağlık ve Güvenlik Biriminden ortak hizmet alan firmalardaki çalışanlar oluşturmuştur. Analizler sonucunda güvenlik ikliminin cinsiyete, eğitim durumuna ve iş güvenliği eğitimi alıp almadığına göre farklılaştığı, yaşa ve deneyime göre farklılaşmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca değişkenler arasında olumlu yönde anlamlı ilişkiler bulunduğu, hiyerarşik kültürün güvenlik iklimini tamamen, örgütsel özdeşleşmenin ise sadece yönetsel boyutu etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak iş sağlığı ve güvenliği eğitimlerinin farkındalık yarattığı tespit edilmiş, ancak güvenlik ikliminin oluşturulabilmesi için hiyerarşiye dayalı bir kültürden ziyade daha otonom uygulamalar içeren uygulamalara ihtiyaç bulunduğu, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği ile ilgili iş ve işlemlerin insan kaynakları uygulamalarıyla bütünleştirilmesinin daha uygun olacağı değerlendirilmiştir.
Experimental Study of Hydrodynamic Pressures Acting on a Submerged Gate
Authors: SMOK Sochheat , KIZILASLAN Mehmet Anıl , KÜRÜMÜŞ Adnan , DEMİREL Ender
Published: January 2021

Vortical flow formed by a submerged hydraulic jump may produce significant hydrodynamic lift and drag pressures on a gate beneath the hydraulic jump. In this study, an experimental setup equipped with multi-pressure sensors was used to measure fluctuating impact pressures on the submerged gate for different flow conditions characterized by the inlet Froude number and submergence factor (S). Time-averaged and instantaneous pressure coefficients are evaluated based on simultaneous measurements of wall pressures at multiple locations, including those at the lip and downstream face of the gate. In particular, instantaneous lift pressure coefficients are observed to be independent of the submergence ratio for S > 0.6. It is found that low Froude number flows produce high surface pressure fluctuations and the dominant frequency of pressure fluctuations shifts to higher frequency as the Froude number increases. Pressure measurements for the free hydraulic jump suggest that the power spectra of lift pressure fluctuations are devoid of any significant energy level, whereas the resulting power spectra of the submerged flow exhibits significant energy level in the frequency range of 14-19 Hz. The proposed measurement system can be used for the in situ identification of hydrodynamic pressures acting on the gates in irrigation canals.
Polypharmacy among older Brazilians: prevalence, factors associated, and sociodemographic disparities (ELSI-Brazil)
Authors: Seixas Brayan V. , Freitas Gabriel R.
Published: January 2021

Background: Polypharmacy has become an increasingly public health issue as population age and novel drugs are developed. Yet, evidence on low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) is still scarce.

Objective: This work aims to estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy among Brazilians aged 50 and over, and investigate associated factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the baseline assessment of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), a nationally representative study of persons aged 50 years and older (n=9,412). Univariate and bivariate analyses described the sample. Robust Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios and predict probabilities of polypharmacy.

Results: Prevalence of polypharmacy was estimated at 13.5% among older adults in Brazil. Important disparities were observed in regard to gender (16.1% among women and 10.5% among men), race (16.0% among whites and 10.1% among blacks) and geographic region (ranging from 5.1% in the North to 18.7% in the South). The multivariate analysis showed that polypharmacy is associated with various sociodemographic/individual factors (age, gender, race, education, region, health status, body mass index) as well as with several variables of healthcare access/utilization (number of visits, same physician, provider’s knowledge of patient’s medications, gate-keeper, and difficulty managing own medication). Overall, the more utilization of health services, the higher the probability of polypharmacy, after adjusting for all other model covariates.

Conclusions: Polypharmacy prevalence is relatively low in Brazil, compared to European countries. After controlling for variables of healthcare need and demographic characteristics, there is still substantial residual variance in polypharmacy prevalence. Policies to identify inappropriate prescribing and reduce regional discrepancies are necessary.
Evaluación del efecto de los SNPs G530A (calpaína), C357G (calpastatina), G1795A (miopaladina) y G1181A (PPARGC1A) sobre la terneza de carne bovina de una región del Estado de Veracruz, México
Authors: Sanchez Mendoza Ana Elvia
Published: January 2021

La terneza es una característica importante para la comercialización de carne de bovino; el grado de terneza está asociado a factores genéticos como los polimorfismos de nucleótido único (SNPs). El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los SNPs G530A, C357G, G1795A y G1181A como predictores de terneza. Se obtuvieron 90 muestras de musculo longissimus dorsi. La terneza se determinó como fuerza de corte de Warner-Bratzler. La genotipificación de los SNPs se realizó por PCR-RFLP. Se realizó una prueba de asociación entre los SNPs y la terneza mediante un modelo de efectos mixtos. Se determinó que el grupo genético influyó sobre la terneza (P < 0.05).  Para el SNP C530A se detectó baja frecuencia del genotipo AA (0.011), de forma similar para el SNP G1181A se obtuvo baja frecuencia para el genotipo AA (0.033), para los SNPs  C357G y G1795A se obtuvieron mayores frecuencias para los genotipos ancestrales CC (0.711) y GG (0.20), respectivamente. Los resultados establecieron que no existe influencia de estos SNPs (P > 0.05) sobre la terneza. Esto indica la necesidad de llevar a cabo un análisis de validación de los SNPs de interés, para poder introducirlos de manera favorable mediante programas de selección asistida por marcadores.
First Report on Better Functional Property of Black Chicken Meat from India
Authors: Sehrawat Renuka , Sharma Rekha , Ahlawat Sonika , Sharma Vivek , Thakur Mohan Singh , Kaur Manjeet , Tantia Madhu Sudan
Published: January 2021

Background: Indian domesticated chickens have a wide variety of phenotypes. Unlike other chicken breeds, Kadaknath chicken has black meat and is used by indigenous tribal people for its invigorating and therapeutic properties. To look for the functional traits that might be contributing towards the acclaimed benefits, free radical scavenging capacity and metal chelating ability of Kadaknath meat were explored for the first time in comparison to the commercial Cobb broiler. Methods: During the period 2018-2020, breast and thigh meat were collected from chickens (n=20/ group) at their commercial slaughter age. Meat extract was used for qualitative evaluation of protein as well as the antioxidant capacity utilizing diverse in vitro methods corresponding to different antioxidation mechanisms. Result: Protein concentration (g/100g of tissue) in Kadaknath breast (25.25 ± 0.31) and thigh (19.98 ± 0.29) meat was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than the Cobb. Breast meat had better scavenging capacity than the thigh. The superiority of the antioxidant capacity of Kadaknath meat was explicitly established by more than one in vitro assay. Free radical scavenging assays viz. 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS); 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) had significantly (P less than 0.05) higher values for Kadaknath in comparison to the Cobb broiler meat. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values (mM Fe2+/g of tissue) were also more in breast meat of Kadaknath (26.97±0.37) than the Cobb (15.24±0.40). Similarly, FRAP values were higher in Kadaknath (33.85±0.47) than the Cobb (19.2±0.31) thigh meat. Kadaknath had higher antioxidant capacity as reflected by metal chelation inhibition value. These findings help to explain the unique nutritional and functional characteristics of Kadaknath black-bone chicken and provide basic research data for exploring the commercial potential of its meat in the fields of functional foods, cosmeceuticals and nuutraceuticals.
Small Ruminants and Its Use in Regenerative Medicine: Recent Works and Future Perspectives.
Authors: D. Alvites Rui , Vieira Branquinho Mariana , Sousa Ana Catarina , Lopes Bruna , Sousa Patrícia , Mendonça Carla , Atayde Luís Miguel , Maurício Ana Colette
Published: January 2021

Medical and translational scientific research requires the use of animal models as an initial approach to the study of new therapies and treatments, but when the objective is an exploration of translational potentialities, classical models fail to adequately mimic problems in humans. Among the larger animal models that have been explored more intensely in recent decades, small ruminants, namely sheep and goats, have emerged as excellent options. The main advantages associated to the use of these animals in research works are related to their anatomy and dimensions very similar to those of humans in most physiological systems, in addition to their low maintenance and feeding costs, tendency to be docile, long life expectancies and few ethical complications raised in society. The most obvious disadvantages are the significant differences in some systems such as the gastrointestinal, and the reduced amount of data that limits the comparison between works and the validation of the characterization essays. Despite everything, recently these species have been increasingly used as animal models for diseases in different systems, and the results obtained open doors for their more frequent and advantageous use in the future. The purpose of this review is to summarize the general principles related to the use of small ruminants as animal models, with focus on regenerative medicine, to group the most relevant works and results published recently and to highlight the potentials for the near future in medical research.