bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shari’ah Heterogeneity of Indian Islamic Waqf Law (IIWL) and Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institution (AAOIFI) Standard: A Comparative Study in Light of Classical Rulings
Authors: Jawwad Ali  , Yousuf Azim Siddiqi  , Nor Asiah Mohamad  , Rusni Hassan
Published: February 2025

The establishment of the institution of Waqf, or Islamic endowment, was evident from the early days of Islam. Hence, the Prophet's companions ( صلى الله عليه وسلم) had established Waqf for their family members or needy people. Over some time, Waqf played a vital role in Islamic history by serving sectors like health, education, and social welfare. With the introduction of Islam in India, the institution of Waqf spread in Delhi and then to other parts. Governance of these Waqf bodies was directly managed by the royal court of the Muslim emperor. After the fall of the Mughal Empire, some acts were enacted by the British empire. Post-independence of India, new laws and acts related to Waqf were enacted, but Shari’ah observation was not the core theme of these acts. In 1972, the All-India Muslim Personal Law Board (AIMPLB) was formed, and it planned to codify fiqh rulings related to family matters and Waqf. This study compares the rulings of Indian Islamic Waqf Law (IIWL) with AAOIFI’s Shari’ah Standard on Waqf (AAOIFI refers to: no 60, issued in 2019). To achieve this objective, the qualitative method is adopted. The study is divided into a) Introduction, b) Literature Review, c) Analysis, and d) Conclusion and Recommendation. The study highlighted 67 rulings of AAOIFI and IIWL and found five instances of Shari’ah heterogeneity where IIWL has less favourable implications, besides 22 rulings where IIWL has no stand. The study recommends revising IIWL to ensure the growth of Waqf and longer sustainability.
The Impact of Sukuk on Corporate Financing: Malaysia Evidence
Authors: Haron Razali , Ibrahim Khairunisah
Published: February 2025

A remarkable effect of bond market development on corporate financing is detected among firms in Malaysia en route the study to identify the existence of target capital structure and simultaneously explore firm specific and country specific determinants of target capital structure for firms in Malaysia. This is argued to be the effect of the phenomenal development of sukuk, or Shariah-compliant bonds in Malaysia. The distinctive effect of bond market development with sukuk element on Malaysian firms shows the substantial influence of country specific factors like bond market development as well as governance incorporate financing decision. Employing the dynamic Partial Adjustment Model estimated based on the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator using data of non-financial listed firms for the period of 2000-2009, this study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the impact ofa well-developed sukuk in bond market development on corporate financing decision and how good governance can ensure liquid and vibrant bond market as an alternative financial intermediary. This study concludes that several factors significantly influence target capital structure and the element of sukuk in bond market in Malaysia coupled with good governance have a substantial impact on corporate financing decision among firms in Malaysia.Â Keywords: Bond Market Development;Sukuk; Partial Adjustment Model
The Perception of Micro-entrepreneurs and Petty Traders on Conventional and Islamic microfinance: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Kausar , Abdul Razak Dzuljastri , Saad Norma Md
Published: February 2025

Microfinance is a general term that entails the provision of financial services to micro- entrepreneurs or to those who do not have access to banking facilities. The current issues faced by micro-entrepreneurs are difficulties in seeking financing from financial institutions due to lack of sufficient collateral, no credit history, irregular or uneasily verified sources of income. Consequently, they often rely on relatives or local moneylenders who charge high interest rates. Thus, on grounds of equity and justice, Islamic microfinance seems to provide an alternative needed by them. This research deals with the perceptions of micro-entrepreneurs and petty traders towards conventional and Islamic microfinance in Pakistan. It further investigates the intention to use Islamic microfinance and challenges for the micro-entrepreneurs. A total of 270 people were surveyed by means of self- administered questionnaire. The sample comprises 81 percent males and 19 percent females in three major cities; Rawalpindi, Lahore and Peshawar. Results of this study indicate that Islamic microfinance is a preferred choice as compared to conventional microfinance and best answer to poverty eradication. Although, Islamic microfinance is a new concept but majority of respondents had some understanding of this concept. However, the respondents also expressed their dissatisfaction to the management of Islamic banks.
The Role of Islamic Micro-finance in Enhancing Human Development in Muslim Countries
Authors: Usman Abubakar Sadiq , Tasmin Rosmaini
Published: February 2025

Human development and human welfare are important ends in Islamic economic development, and hence the need to focus on a broader approach, in evaluating the condition of people in society. In Muslim societies, poverty is still pervasive partly due to the poor have been excluded from the financial system. The main objective of this study is to explore the conceptual framework on the role of Islamic micro-finance in improving human development. The methodology of this study is based on analysis of relevant documents. The findings of the study indicate that Islamic micro-finance is a growing market niche with a comprehensive approach towards human empowerment, increased income and well-being. The income generated by the clients is utilized to improve health conditions and the educational level of children. Zakat and Awqaf institutions are regaining their momentum towards socio-economic relevance. These institutions are requisite for generating community assets, productive capacity building, wealth creation and knowledge and skills that will enhance the technical standing of entrepreneurs. This approach towards financial inclusion could bring improvements in human capital development, education and skills development, better provision of physical capital and wider access to micro-credit for the productive poor.
Factors Affecting Credit Risk in Indonesian Islamic Banks
Authors: Haryono Yono , Ariffin Noraini Mohd. , Hamat Mustapha
Published: February 2025

This study uses dynamic panel data methods to examine the factors affecting credit risk in Indonesian Islamic banks. The panel data is collected from 11 full-fledged Islamic banks and 22 Islamic business units (windows) in conventional banks from 2004-2012, taking into account both macroeconomic variables and bank-specific variables. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), as proposed by Arellano and Bond (1991), is utilized to estimate the model. The results show that the GDP growth rate and the unemployment rate with a one-year lag have a strong effect on the level of the non-performing financing. Moreover, bank-specific variables such as bankâ€™s diversification and financing structure have a positive effect on the problem financing although its direction is not as expected. It is hoped that the findings could draw attention to factors affecting credit risk in Islamic banks so that credit risk can be properly managed.
Financing Sovereign Developmental Activities Through Non-Interest Bearing Instruments
Authors: Mizanur Rahman Syed , Siddeeque Ali Salman , Ali Syed Nazim
Published: February 2025

It is well established that countries require investments in infrastructure, education, healthcare and institutional development for long term growth in income levels. However, due to the positive externalities associated with these sectors and issues such as non-excludability and non-rivalry, participation from private sector in these areas is generally inadequate and it becomes necessary for the state to intervene for optimal capital allocation. Generally, the quantum of funds required for nationwide developmental programs exceeds the resources that states can generate through one-time taxation and shortfalls are usually sourced from debt markets. Sovereign borrowing has recently attracted attention given the deteriorating credit quality of some nations resulting from heightened borrowing during the financial crisis. From an Islamic perspective, interest based borrowing is classified as a transaction based on riba, and therefore forbidden, by an overwhelming majority of scholars. This paper attempts to understand developmental activities pursued by governments and to explore alternative approaches to finance such activities without resorting to interest bearing instruments. Such alternatives include public-private partnerships, tax incentives, developing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs, auctioning scarce resources, and sovereign divestments.
Currency Exchange, Its Illah and Implications
Authors: Oziev Gapur , Mohammed Mustafa Omar , M. B. Zaidon Muhamad Hafizi , Kamis A Mahfuth
Published: February 2025

Foreign exchange is among the most important transactions in any economy. It can affect positively or negatively the relative price of domestic and foreign goods, which in turn has an effect on the countryâ€™s economic growth, employment rate, inflation and balance of payments, among others. Yet, foreign exchange has remained a contentious issue among Muslim jurists and scholars. There are those who approve spot transactions but regard forward transactions as unlawful. Conversely, some scholars and jurists do not see any problem with the forward transactions if they are used for hedging purposes. In the context of the contemporary business environment, this contention requires pertinent research in need of revisiting the illah (effective cause/reason) for determining whether a given foreign exchange transaction is Shariâ€™ah compliant. The present study has critically reviewed the major literature and fatwas issued in relation to foreign exchange. It has adopted content analysis to categorize these various views on the subject and preponderated the major ones relevant to modern business. The authors have concluded that the only possible illah to be considered for modern paper money is a thummuniyah (means of payment). The study concludes with recommendations and suggestions for future research.
Determinants Of Islamic Banks' Margins In Asian Countries
Authors: Malim Nurhafiza Abdul Kader , Masron Tajul Ariffin , Pitchay Anwar Allah
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the determinants of margins in Islamic banks for the period 2005â€2013. Specifically, we apply pooled, static and dynamic panel regressions on 76 Islamic banks in Asian countries. The results suggest the main factors that influence the margins of Islamic banks are numerous including bank size, default risk, overhead cost, capitalization, market concentration, GDP growth and inflation. It is evident that enhancing macroeconomic policies, risk management capabilities and operational efficiency could help in lowering the margins.
Determinants of Efficiency of Islamic Banks: Indonesian Evidence
Authors: Bayuny Ahmad Fadlur Rahman , Haron Razali
Published: February 2025

This study attempts to investigate the efficiency of Islamic banks in Indonesia and its determinants over the period of 2004-2014. Eleven full Islamic banks were selected for the sample. This study employs the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in first stage of the analysis based on two inputs (fixed assets and deposits) and one output (financing income). Panel data regression is then employed in the second stage of analysis. This study finds that the efficiency scores of Islamic banks in Indonesia range from 61.4% to 96.4% between 2004-2014 with an overall efficiency of 75.6%. Regression analysis suggests that the efficiency of Islamic banks in Indonesia is negatively influenced by factors suchs as GDP growth, exchange rate and trade freedom while positively related with profitability, financing intensity, capitalization and non-financing expenses.
The Role of Islamic Banks In Enhancing SMEs' Access to Financing via Musharakah Financing
Authors: Abd Rahman Nur Hasnida
Published: February 2025

Most Islamic banksâ€™ operations are dominated by debt based financing, which limit SMEs' access to financing due to their inability to provide adequate collateral, oblige high-profit payment, and provide sufficient track records. In relation to this, many past studies have discussed that Musharakah financing would be functioning as a viable alternative financing for SMEs to overcome this problem. However, most of the Islamic banks are reluctant to operate Musharakah financing as it is vulnerable to agency problems which expose the banks to high financing risks. Moreover, SMEs' unwillingness to allow banks to take part in their business operations also impede the application of Musharaka financing. In view of this problem, this study is conducted to evaluate bank's participation in Musharakah financing with a view to determining its viability as an alternative financing for SMEs. Using survey questionnaire administered on SMEs in Malaysia, data elicited was subjected to statistical analysis using structural equation modeling. The results demonstrate SMEs' agreement on the bank's participation in their business operations thus indicating the potential of Musharakah as a viable financing for SMEs.
The State of Liquidity Risk Management of Islamic Banks in Bangladesh: A Comparative Study with Conventional Banks
Authors: Jalil Md. Abdul , Biswas Al Amin
Published: February 2025

This paper aims to analyze the current state of liquidity and liquidity risk management of Islamic banks, the historical trend of the liquidity position, and provides a comparison with the liquidity position of conventional banks in Bangladesh. The paper utilizes liquidity ratio, deployment ratio, profit sharing investment account (PSIA) to total deposits ratio, liquidity gap over a specific time period, net stable funding ratio (NSFR), and liquidity coverage ratio (LCR), to discuss the state of liquidity and the trend of liquidity of Islamic banks. Five Islamic banks and five private commercial conventional banks, which do not have any Islamic banking branches, or windows, are chosen as samples. The data is collected from the annual reports published by selected commercial banks. Simple descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviations are used to analyze the data. This study finds that the liquidity ratio and deployment ratios for Islamic banks are in a downward trend, although by a small percentage. Islamic banks have a negative short-term liquidity gap, although by a small percentage and the variations of liquidity gap are much higher, and the gap is in a declining trend towards being positive. Conventional banks have a positive short-term liquidity gap. Profit sharing investment accounts are experiencing an increasing trend and occupy the major portion of deposits. Liquidity ratio and deployment ratio remain higher for Islamic banks than conventional banks. For the past two years, both types of banks have maintained an adequate ratio as required in Basel III.
The Dynamics of Malaysian Takaful Market: Challenges and Future Prospects
Authors: Maizaitulaidawati Md Husin
Published: February 2025

While Islamic finance industry has witnessed a tremendous growth across the globe, one of the markets, takaful, still requires attention in order to strengthen their position in the industry as well to increase their market share over their conventional counterparts. In the first part of this study, an overview of takaful and Malaysian takaful market will be discussed. Next, this paper will deliberate the challenges facing the takaful operators in developing the market and lastly, future prospects of takaful business will be discussed. This study is important to policy maker, practitioner and researcher who are dealing in Islamic finance, especially the takaful market. This study is useful as a guideline to revamp strategies in promoting the market as well as in enhancing the understanding on the local takaful market.
The Role of Waqf in Educational Development - Evidence from Malaysia
Authors: Hasan Rashedul , Hassan M. Kabir , Rashid Mamunur
Published: February 2025

This study explores the role of waqf in educational development for a developing country facing economic downturn and financial scandal. It focuses on an Islamic charitable institution and gathers information from the annual report for fourteen years, commencing in 2000. Results derived through multiple regression analysis indicate that waqf-based financing has a significant positive impact on educational development in Malaysia. The present study is limited to the case of an Islamic charitable institution and thus lacks the ability to provide generalizable findings. In the event of economic instability and constant rise in educational costs, waqf has the potential to facilitate the educational needs of meritorious students by reducing their financial burden. As this is the first attempt to empirically test the proposition of past studies that waqf can serve as a secondary source of finance for educational development, this study contributes to minimizing the gaps in the previous literature.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Terhadap Loyalitas Dan Kepuasan Pelanggan Pada Usaha Ayam Potong
Authors: Isnaini Adelia Putri , Arjana Andri , Mafazah Dini
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepuasan pelanggan terhadap kepercayaan pelanggan, pengaruh kepuasan pelanggan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan, pengaruh kepercayaan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan dan menganalisis pengaruh tidak langsung kepuasan pelanggan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan melalui kepercayaan yang ada pada usaha ayam potong di Desa Sukerejo. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan asosiatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara (Interview), daftar pertanyaan (Questionaire). Sedangkan objek dalam penelitian menggunakan sebanyak 3 orang responden, data menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan pelanggan sangat berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepercayaan pelanggan, kepuasan pelanggan juga dapat berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Dengan demikian penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan, bahwa usaha ayam potong tersebut mampu memberikan kualitas produk yang baik untuk menciptakan perasaan puas pelanggan terhadap suatu produk ayam potong karena kepuasan pelanggan terhadap kualitas produk akan membuat pelanggan pada usaha ayam potong yang ada di Desa Sukorejo bersifat loyal.
Pengaruh Harga Dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Pada Mie Gacoan Jember
Authors: Nazilaturrohma Ayu , Khoirunnisa Restiana , Aini Yaya Nur , Yahya Muhammad Hasby Yahya
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh harga dan kualitas produk terhadap kepuasan konsumen di Mie Gacoan Jember. Dalam industri makanan cepat saji yang semakin berkembang, harga dan kualitas produk menjadi faktor utama yang memengaruhi keputusan pembelian dan kepuasan konsumen. Permasalahan utama yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana harga dan kualitas produk yang ditawarkan oleh Mie Gacoan Jember memengaruhi kepuasan konsumennya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi konsumen terhadap harga dan kualitas produk, serta mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kedua faktor tersebut dengan kepuasan pelanggan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah tiga konsumen Mie Gacoan Jember yang dipilih secara purposif berdasarkan pengalaman mereka sebagai pelanggan. Wawancara dilakukan untuk menggali persepsi mereka tentang harga produk yang dianggap terjangkau atau sepadan, serta kualitas produk yang mencakup rasa, kebersihan, dan konsistensi penyajian. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan mengenai persepsi konsumen terhadap harga dan kualitas produk di Mie Gacoan Jember, serta memberikan masukan bagi pihak manajemen dalam meningkatkan strategi bisnis mereka untuk mencapai kepuasan pelanggan yang lebih tinggi.
Patient-Centered Diabetes Care: Concept Analysis
Authors: Alqahtani Ibtesam
Published: February 2025

Healthcare organizations are constantly aiming to improve the performance of the health services provided for chronically ill people. This is done via the implementation of several models of care. In recent years, the concept of patient-centered care has received increasing attention. Although several definitions of patient-centered care exist in the literature, the conceptualization of this concept for people with diabetes mellitus is poorly understood. This research was conducted to explore and clarify current definitions of patient-centered diabetes care in the context of nursing practice. Rodgers’ evolutionary model of concept analysis method was used to guide this inquiry. Results indicate that, patient-centered care has a holistic perspective: an approach that is vital in the delivery of nursing services that support patients’ choices and autonomy in their healthcare decisions. Findings suggest that, for patients with diabetes mellitus, this approach to care increased efficacy, achieved positive patient outcomes, and resulted in better interactions between patients and their professional teams.
Theoretical investigation on carbene-catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation of vi-nyl sulfoxonium ylide with enal for synthesis of 2-sulfenylidene-3-cyclohexen-1-one
Authors: Lu Nan
Published: February 2025

The first theoretical investigation was provided by our DFT calculation on trazolum carbene-catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation of vinyl sulfoxonium ylide with enal. Free carbene NHC is formed via deprotonation by BF4 with enhanced nucleophilicity. NHC attacks positive carbonyl of enal with its negative carbon followed by proton transfer leading to Breslow intermediate, which is easily transformed to α, β-unsaturated acylazolium inter-mediate through dehydrogenation. Spontaneous electron delocalization in vinyl sulfoxonium ylide makes car-banion available at α-position of ester. Michael addition undergoes linking two substrates. Followed by pro-ton shift, the carbanion attacks positive carbonyl in crucial ring closure yielding six-membered carbocycle. The second proton shift generates isomer of desired 2-sulfenylidene-3-cyclohexen-1-one after release of proto-nated NHC.
Hypertension in Acute Intracerebral Haemorrhage and Ischaemic Stroke: When and When not to Treat.
Authors: Isles Chris
Published: February 2025

The most common forms of hypertensive crisis in developed countries are pulmonary oedema/heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, acute intracerebral haemorrhage and acute ischaemic stroke. Hypertension can be both cause and consequence of stroke and is associated with poor functional outcome and increased mortality. It does not necessarily follow that lowering of blood pressure acutely will confer benefit, so the question that arises is when and when not to treat? Current recommendations are to consider patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage with a SBP of 150-220 mmHg for urgent treatment within 6 hours of symptom onset, using a locally agreed protocol for BP lowering, aiming to achieve a systolic BP between 130-139 mmHg within one hour and sustained for at least 7 days. By contrast the only certainty for BP lowering after acute ischaemic stroke is a BP target <185/110mmHg for thrombolysis. The many randomised trials in acute ischaemic stroke are inconclusive about stopping or continuing antihypertensive drugs, or specific BP targets, in almost all other settings.
Is Bempedoic acid effective for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease?
Authors: Mikhail Nasser
Published: February 2025

Bempedoic acid is a cholesterol-lowering drug approved for reduction of the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary revascularization in adults who are unable to take recommended statin therapy with established cardiovascular disease (CVD), or at high risk for a CVD event but without established CVD. However, reduction of CV events by bempedoic acid in patients with documented CVD is modest and not statistically significant. The CLEAR Outcomes trial is the largest randomized trial of bempedoic acid including 13,970 patients; 70% of whom had documented CVD (secondary prevention cohort), and 30% were considered high CV risk but without established CV disease (primary prevention cohort). The primary outcome of the CLEAR OUTCOMES trial was a composite of death from CV causes, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, or coronary revascularization (MACE-4). After a median follow-up of 40.6 months, the incidence of CV event was significantly decreased in the bempedoic group versus the placebo group in the whole study population; hazard ratio (HR) 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.96; P=0.004). However, this decrease in CV events was mainly driven by the reduction of MACE-4 in the primary prevention cohort; HR 0.68 (95% CI, 0.53 to 0.87), whereas the corresponding reduction in the secondary prevention cohort was more modest; HR 0.91 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.01), Pinteraction=0.03. Results of a post-hoc analysis of the CLEAR Outcomes trial suggested possible increase in all-cause mortality; risk ratio (RR) 1.15 and CV mortality RR 1.21 in the secondary prevention patients. Conversely, in the primary prevention group, there was decrease in all-cause mortality RR 0.70 and CV mortality RR 0.58. While the investigators of the CLEAR Outcomes trial published results of the primary prevention group separately, they did not report those results in the larger secondary group despite greater number of CV events. A randomized trial evaluating bempedoic acid in patients with documented CVD is required to clarify its efficacy and safety in this group of patients. Until such trial is available, the use of bempedoic acid is not recommended for secondary prevention of CV disease.
Beef Irradiation: Its effect on the beef nutritional value and microbial Safety
Authors: Shaltout Fahim
Published: February 2025

The Food irradiation is a tried-and-true technique that's frequently used to improve the quality and the safety of the meat. With the application of this technique, the growth of bacteria, viruses, and parasites is successfully inhibited. By postponing spoiling and inhibiting the growth of the germs, it also extends the shelf life and improves the quality of the items. Provided that the right dosage is applied, the radiation has no effect on the colour, the taste, or the texture of the meats. Its impact on the chemical and the nutritional properties of the meat is more complicated, though, as it may change the vitamins, the fatty acids, the amino acids, and produce the free radicals that oxidise the fat. The impact of these modifications is dependent on a number of factors, such as the type of the meat, the storage conditions, and the radiation exposure. The Meat's physical characteristics, such as its softness, the texture, and the dose-dependent ability to retain the water, can also be impacted by the radiation. Low amounts of the radiation may enhance texture and softness, while excessive doses cause protein denaturation, which adversely affects these characteristics. The regulatory and the public perception elements of the food irradiation are also examined in this study. Although the radiation is permitted and regulated in many nations, its use is debatable and causes anxiety in the public. The Food irradiation is a dependable method of enhancing the safety and the quality of the meat; nevertheless, it is important to take into account the effects it may have on the chemical, physical, and nutritional characteristics of the product when selecting the right dosage and application. To better understand the long-term effects of the radiation on the meat and allay consumer worries, further study is thus required.
The early diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidneys and possible prevention of the development of chronic renal failure: An educational article and expert opinion
Authors: Al-Mosawi Aamir Jalal
Published: February 2025

Background: Adult polycystic kidney disease is an important contributor to chronic renal failure, marked by a highly variable clinical trajectory and progression to chronic renal failure. Diagnosis typically relies on ultrasound imaging, with genetic testing being less commonly necessary. Management strategies aim to delay the onset of chronic renal failure or slow its progression, involving interventions such as antihypertensive medications, dietary protein restriction, and prompt treatment of urinary tract infections.

This paper aims to present the case of an Iraqi patient diagnosed early, prior to the onset of renal failure, and to outline evidence-based treatment options.

Patients and methods: A thirty-year-old female with recurrent urinary tract infections sought evaluation following her uncle's recent diagnosis of chronic renal failure due to adult polycystic kidney disease. Her uncle had developed progressive symptomatic uremia at age 52, accompanied by gradual hearing loss, a rare association with this condition. Her aunt had succumbed to chronic renal failure.

Results: The patient exhibited normotension and renal function tests revealed normal values. A renal ultrasound depicted normal-sized kidneys with multiple cysts observed bilaterally, with the largest measuring 3 centimeters, confirming the diagnosis of adult polycystic kidney disease.

Conclusion and expert opinion: This article delves into the realm of adult polycystic kidney disease, offering insights into its historical context, diagnostic methods, and evidence-based management strategies. Beginning with the earliest recorded case in history, the narrative progresses through key milestones in understanding the disease, emphasizing diagnostic techniques such as ultrasound imaging. The current evidence-based expert opinion suggests that the long-term use simvastatin plus octreotide-long-acting release monthly injection in patients with adult polycystic kidney disease to slow the growth of cysts and the deterioration in renal function. The use of tolvaptan can also be considered, but it is associated increased adverse effects such as thirst, polyuria, and hepatic injury.
First aid and Prognosis for Acute Pneumonia
Authors: Klepikov Igor
Published: February 2025

Acute pneumonia (AP) is one of the oldest nosologies known to medicine, but the causes of acute inflammation of the lung tissue, and even more so the mechanisms of its development, remained unknown for many centuries. And yet, observing these patients allowed ancient medicine to come to the conclusion, which remains relevant to this day, that people get pneumonia and do not become infected. Many years of empirical experience, based primarily on achieving quick and tangible results, have also made it possible in different parts of the world to develop various methods of providing first aid to this complex category of patients. Such approaches to the treatment of AP remained virtually unchanged until the first half of the last century, and their long-term relevance and prevalence reflect the presence of positive effects from the use of such techniques.
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN KURIKULUM DALAM PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN DI MIN 2 KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Hodijah Anisa Siti , Nugraha Mulyawan Safwandy
Published: February 2025

Kurikulum menjadi hal yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan Pendidikan. Suatu lembaga pendidikan yang memiliki mutu yang baik, salah satunya dapat dibuktikan melalui akreditasi. Akreditasi merupakan proses untuk membandingkan fakta lapangan dengan delapan standar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi pengelolaan kurikulum dalam peningkatan kualitas Pendidikan berdasarkan Instrumen Akreditasi Satuan Pendidikan (IASP) 2020. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Proses pengumpulan data diambil dari hasil wawancara dan hasil telaah dokumen sesuai dengan IASP 2020. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi perencanaan kurikulum telah dilaksanakan dengan baik, seperti terselenggaranya kegiatan rapat rutin setiap semester bersama guru mata pelajaran dan tim kurikulum untuk membahas dan menentukan kebijakan sekolah. Pelaksanaan kurikulum dibuktikan melalui dilakukannya pendampingan kepada guru-guru yang mengalami kesulitan  dalam menerapkan  kurikulum  yang  ada. Evaluasi kurikulum di MIN 2 Kota Bandung telah dilakukan dengan baik pada aspek masukan, proses maupun luaran.
STRATEGI MANAJEMEN PERUBAHAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PENDIDIK DI SMP SE-KECAMATAN SINTANG
Authors: Agusnani Agusnani , Hastuti Natalia , Gunawan Putra , Radiana Usman , Radiana Usman
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi manajemen perubahan paling efektif untuk meningkatkan kinerja pendidik di SMP se-Kabupaten Sintang. Lembaga pendidikan SMP dihadapkan pada tuntutan lingkungan kerja yang dinamis, serta perubahan teknologi dan sosial. Dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini untuk mengumpulkan data dari kepala sekolah dan guru menggunakan Wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja pendidik ditingkatkan dengan penerapan strategi manajemen perubahan yang menganut model John P. Kotter, yang melibatkan tiga tahap: menghentikan kebijakan yang sudah ketinggalan zaman, memulai perubahan, dan menerapkan kebijakan baru. Pengelolaan kelas, metode pembelajaran, penilaian siswa, serta visi dan misi pendidikan termasuk di antara perubahan tersebut. Keberhasilan penerapan kebijakan baru memerlukan partisipasi aktif seluruh anggota lembaga pendidikan, serta komunikasi yang efektif dan kepemimpinan yang kuat. Kesimpulan dari penyelidikan ini adalah bahwa strategi manajemen perubahan yang efektif tidak hanya meningkatkan kinerja pendidik tetapi juga membekali sekolah untuk menghadapi hambatan pendidikan di masa depan
MANAJEMEN STRATEGIK DALAM PELIBATAN MASYARAKAT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN BERDASARKAN INSTRUMEN AKREDITASI SATUAN PENDIDIKAN (IASP) 2020 DI MIN 1 BANDUNG
Authors: Anisa Ana , Nugraha Mulyawan Safwandy
Published: February 2025

Kebijakan pendidikan Indonesia sangat terkait dengan kebijakan publik lainnya dan dapat berubah jika kebijakan publik berubah. Pendidikan memerlukan partisipasi masyarakat untuk menghasilkan komunitas pembelajaran yang efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif yang berlokasi di MIN 1 Bandung. Dalam konteks manajemen strategik, keterlibatan masyarakat dipandang sebagai salah satu strategi kunci untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Dengan adanya komite, beberapa program dapat berjalan lancar, dan sosialisasi dengan siswa dapat dikordinir dengan mudah. Partisipasi komite dan elemen lain seperti Polsek, Puskesmas, dan RT/RW setempat menerima tanggapan positif, terutama dengan adanya program yang melibatkan interaksi dengan lingkungan sekitar dan program pembiasaan yang menciptakan kebiasaan baru di lingkungan sekolah. Partisipasi masyarakat atau keikutsertaan individu dalam pengembangan diri, kehidupan, dan lingkungan, yang melibatkan interaksi dua arah antara pemerintah dan masyarakat, menjadi bagian integral dari strategi manajemen untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan yang berkualitas.
MANAJEMEN STRATEGIK DALAM PENGELOLAAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA PENDIDIKAN DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH NEGERI 1 KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Ramadhan Fahri Sahrul , Nugraha Mulyawan Safwandy
Published: February 2025

Kualitas lembaga pendidikan juga dapat dilihat dari ketersediaan dan kelengkapan sarana dan prasarana yang dimilikinya, dengan demikian sarana dan prasarana yang tersedia secara lengkap dan memadai, akan sangat membantu proses belajar baik akademik maupun non akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara umum tentang manajemen strategik dalam pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana. Adapun prosedur pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Sementara pendekatan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sehingga hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sarana dan prasarana di MTs Negeri 1 Kota Bandung terbagi kepada beberapa pembahasan diantaranya; (1) Kondisi Sarana dan Preasana Pendidikan di MTs Negeri 1 Kota Bandung, (2) Pengelolaan Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan di MTs Negeri 1 Kota Bandung, (3) Manajemen Strategik Sarana dan Prasarana di MTs Negeri 1 Kota Bandung yang meliputi; tahap formulasi strategik, tahap imlementasi strategik, dan tahap evaluasi strategik.
HUBUNGAN MUHAMMADIYAH DAN POLITIK DI INDONESIA PERSPEKTIF HAEDAR NASHIR
Authors: Rahmasari Istiqomah , Maksum Muh Nur Rochim
Published: February 2025

Muhammadiyah merupakan gerakan yang memiliki banyak pengaruh bagi masyarakat di indonesia dengan berperan penting dalam pembangunan tatanan sosial, pendidikan yang maju serta usaha mensejahterakan kehidupan masyarakat pada masa penjajahan sampai saat ini. Dalam dunia politik, muhammadiyah tidak bergerak banyak selain untuk berdakwah dan mengajak amar ma’ruf nahi munkar sehingga dari masyarakat masih tidak mengetahui pergerakan atau hubungan muhammadiyah dengan politik yang ada di Indonesia. Muhammadiyah berkembang dan maju sesuai zaman dengan selalu berpegang teguh pada keyakinan atau langkah dasar organisasi sehingga memiliki ciri khas tersendiri. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan muhammadiyah dan politik yang ada di Indonesia dengan berdasarkan perspektif Haedar nashir yang menjadi pimpinan pusat muhammadiyah. Metode penelitian menggunakan paradigma penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kajian pustaka yang mengumpulkan data relevan dengan pembahasan melalui buku atau karya ilmiah.
STRATEGI PEMBINAAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MEMBENTUK GURU HEBAT UNTUK PENDIDIKAN UNGGUL MENUJU INDONESIA KUAT
Authors: Rahmi Agustina , Redjeki Dwi Sogi Sri , Rasuna Rasuna , Amalia Rizky , Sholikah Anis
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini membahas tentang strategi pembinaan kepala sekolah, keterlibatan guru dan dampak strategi pembinaan kepala sekolah dalam membentuk guru hebat untuk pendidikan unggul menuju indonesia kuat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembinaan kepala sekolah di SDN Semangat Dalam 2, yaitu: a) supervisi kelas, limkimgam kelas, b) meminta guru untuk mengikuti pelatihan, seminar, diklat dan workshop , c) membentuk tim kalaborasi guru, d) memberikan support/ dorongan, dan e) memberikan fasilitas dan sarana prasaran yang dibutuhkan secara maksimal. Sedangkan keterlibatan guru di SDN Semangat Dalam 2, yaitu dengan: a) kepala sekolah mengikutsertakan guru untuk mengikuti kegiatan, dan b) Kepala sekolah membuka ruang diskusi untuk membuat rencana tindak lanjut. Terakhir, dampak strategi pembinaan kepala sekolah, yaitu: a) guru dapat mengembangkan kompetensinya, b) guru memiliki kepercayaan diri yang tinggi untuk dapat mengembangkan diri dan saling berbagi, dan c) meningkatkan mutu sekolah
Peramalan pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Provinsi Papua Menggunakan Model Hybrid Arima-Garch
Authors: Kuddi Bobi Frans
Published: February 2025

Pertumbuhan ekonomi adalah indikator yang diturunkan dari PDRB atas dasar harga konstan. PDRB Provinsi Papua dari tahun 2010 hingga tahun 2023 cenderung meningkat. Rata-rata pertumbuhan ekonomi Provinsi Papua 6 tahun terakhir sebesar 3,62 persen. Pertumbuhan tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2021 yaitu sebesar periode 15,16 persen dan terendah terjadi pada tahun 2019 yang terkontraksi -15,74 persen. PDRB merupakan data yang sangat berpengaruh dalam perencanaan pembangunan tingkat regional (Provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota) sehingga perlu dilakukan peramalan PDRB yang dapat dijadikan tolak ukur pemerintah dalam menetukan kebijakan pada sektor ekonomi di Provinsi Papua untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meramalkan Nilai PDRB di Provinsi Papua menggunakan model Hybrid ARIMA-GARCH. Tahapan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini diawali dengan mengumpulkan data Nilai PDRB di Provinsi Papua kemudian mengidentifikasi pola data tersebut melaluai plot data, setelah mengetahui pola data tersebut kita melakukan pengolahan data untuk mendapatkan model ARIMA yang tepat, kemudian residual dari model ARIMA dimodelkan menggunakan metode GARCH. Model terbaik yang diperoleh untuk dapat meramalkan Nilai PDRB Provinsi Papua adalah model hybrid ARIMA (4,1,2) – GARCH (1,1) dengan nilai  dan nilai .
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa pada Materi Bangun Datar Ditinjau dari Kecerdasan Logis Matematis
Authors: Nasruddin Nasruddin , Hl Nur Ihsan , Mashuri Sufri , Jahring Jahring , Risaldi Aldi , Haidar Irajuana
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa berdasarkan kecerdasan logis matematikanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di MTs Nurul Mujtahidin Wolulu yang melibatkan 10 orang siswa sebagai subjek penelitian. Selanjutnya dipilih 5 siswa untuk diwawancarai yang terdiri dari 1 siswa dengan kecerdasan logis matematika sangat tinggi, 1 siswa dengan kecerdasan logis matematika tinggi, dan 1 siswa dengan kecerdasan logis sedang, 1 Siswa dengan keceerdasan Logis Matematis Kurang dan 1 Siswa dengan Kecerdasan Logis Matematis Sangat Rendah. Hasil yang diperoleh (1) Terdapat siswa dengan kecerdasan logis matematika sangat tinggi memiliki rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis kategori sangat Baik yaitu dengan rata-rata nilai 83,33 (2) Terdapat siswa dengan kecerdasan Logis matematika Tinggi memiliki rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis kategori Baik yaitu dengan rata-rata nilai 75,00 dan (3)  Terdapat siswa dengan kecerdasan Logis matematika Sedang memiliki rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis kategori Cukup yaitu dengan rata-rata nilai 65,27. (4) Terdapat siswa dengan kecerdassan Logis matematis rendah memiliki kemampuan pemecahan matematis kurang yaitu dengan rata rata nilai 58,33. (5) Terdapat siswa dengan kecerdassan Logis matematis sangat rendah memiliki kemampuan pemecahan matematis sangat kurang yaitu dengan rata rata nilai 37,50. Dari 10 siswa kelas VIII MTs Nurul Mujtahidin Wolulu diperoleh bahwa rata-rata kecerdasan logis matematisnya yaitu 65,00 yang berada pada kategori sedang. Serta dari 10 siswa kelas VIII MTs Nurul Mujtahidin Wolulu diperoleh bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa berada pada kategori cukup dengan rata-rata nilai 64,20.
A review of approaches and methods in peacebuilding
Authors: Gamboa Vesga Yudy Adriana , Quijano Mejía Claudia Milena
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The objective of this work was to critically review the central elements of the theoretical discussion on peacebuilding, including the methodologies proposed for its evaluation and analysis. Methodology: This review was carried out using the method of scoping review or exploratory systematic review, whose purpose is to obtain a panoramic view of the research on a topic, which allows identifying the evolution of knowledge about it, the emerging themes and the main methodological developments used in research in the field. Results: Much of the literature on peacebuilding has dealt with two main themes: first, the critique of the liberal approach in peace studies; second, the perspective that proposes a shift towards the local and its implications. The latter approach attaches great importance to the participation of local communities and advocates bottom-up peacebuilding processes that consider the particularities of each territory. Conclusions: Although there is no consensus on the meaning of peacebuilding and the type of interventions that are considered peacebuilding, it is clear that these are related to other areas of action such as development and the institutional framework. In addition, the multiplicity of interventions, actors and levels involved in peacebuilding makes its measurement difficult.
Las técnicas de expresión oral desde un contexto comunicativo: a través de una revisión literaria
Authors: García Cajape Narcisa
Published: February 2025

Introducción: La expresión oral, como medio de comunicación, abarca el desarrollo del vocabulario, la modulación de la voz y la estructuración de las ideas. Es crucial en la interacción personal, profesional y educativa, ya que mejora la eficacia en la comunicación diaria. Este estudio se enfoca en una revisión bibliográfica que busca artículos científicos en revistas indexadas, obteniendo una recopilación de información relevante. Metodología: La investigación utilizó una metodología de revisión bibliográfica, consultando diversas fuentes científicas para obtener una base sólida de información sobre la expresión oral en la comunicación. Resultados: Las fuentes consultadas fueron fundamentales para el desarrollo de la investigación, revelando que la expresión oral está presente y es relevante en todos los ámbitos de la vida. Discusión y conclusiones: Se concluye que es necesario realizar acciones que enriquezcan y mejoren la práctica de la expresión oral, destacando su importancia en la vida humana y la necesidad de dominarla para optimizar la comunicación efectiva.
LOW-COST SYNTHESIS OF BIOCHAR-LIKE GRAPHENE FROM COCONUT SHELLS: ENHANCING CONDUCTIVITY FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Oetama Manik Yosia Gopas , Tong Goh Boon , Siburian Rikson
Published: February 2025

This study explores the synthesis of biochar-like graphene nanosheets (BLG) from coconut shells through a two-stage pyrolysis process. The synthesis mechanism involves the thermal decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose at 400°C, followed by the reduction and exfoliation of graphene layers, facilitated by activated carbon. Optimized conditions yielded BLG with a carbon content of 92.49% and improved crystallinity, as confirmed by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDS analyses. XRD results showed a C002 peak at 2θ = 24.7°, indicating well-formed graphitic layers. Electrochemical analysis revealed a charge transfer resistance (Rct) of 0.85 kΩ, demonstrating excellent electrical conductivity, making BLG suitable for electrode applications. This eco-friendly, cost-efficient method highlights the potential of using coconut shell biomass for high-quality graphene production, with applications in energy storage and flexible electronics.