bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harnessing the Power of Testimonial Videos: A Deep Dive into the #1Minute2Quit Campaign for Spreading Awareness on the Health Hazards of Tobacco
Authors:   LSPR Institute of Communication & Business, Indonesia, Nugraha Yosef Rabindanata , Aditjondro Enrico ,   Vital Strategies, Indonesia, Svenson Dane ,   Vital Strategies, Indonesia, Husada Safaruddin ,   LSPR Institute of Communication & Business, Indonesia
Published: January 2025

In Indonesia, social media usage continues to grow, with 167 million users as of January 2023, 79.5% of whom are over 18 years old. Platforms like Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, and Twitter play key roles in public health campaigns. The #1Minute2Quit campaign, part of the #SuaraTanpaRokok movement, was launched in 2017 to raise awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco through 1-minute testimonial videos. By July 2023, the campaign had generated 21 testimonial videos from former smokers, with over 11,000 total engagements and 152,000 potential impressions. A qualitative content analysis was conducted on these videos to examine engagement patterns, messaging strategies, and audience responses. The analysis revealed that testimonial videos offering practical tips and encouragement to quit smoking attracted higher engagement, particularly among young adults (18-24 years), females, and individuals from higher socioeconomic backgrounds. Culturally tailored content also resonated more with diverse ethnic groups. The findings suggest that culturally sensitive and targeted messaging, combined with practical advice, is key to enhancing the effectiveness of social media health interventions. This study underscores the importance of ongoing engagement strategies in tobacco control campaigns and offers recommendations for refining future health messaging to address diverse demographic groups. Further research should explore the long-term impact of content variations across different social media platforms.

Keywords: Testimonial videos, tobacco control, social media campaign, #1Minute2Quit, public health campaign.
Overcoming Obstacles? Institutional Support for the Pathways to Higher Education at German Vocational Schools
Authors: Dörffer Nadine , Bernhard Nadine
Published: January 2025

The institutionalization of new types of vocational schools in the 1960s and 1970s aimed to open up the German education system and create new pathways for accessing higher education, particularly for socially disadvantaged students. Today, one‐third of German students with a higher education entrance certificate graduate from vocational schools. However, these graduates are less likely to pursue or succeed in higher education. This raises the question: How do vocational schools support their heterogeneous student body in transitioning to higher education, and to what extent do differences exist between school types? Sociological research has shown that institutional support for and during transitions is crucial for expanding access to education. In particular, organizational structures and practices play a role in the (re)production of social inequality. To analyze these, we apply the concept of institutional permeability, focusing on information and counseling, financial support, learning organization and pedagogy, and school culture. The study draws on problem‐centered interviews with staff from different types of vocational schools in one German federal state, analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The results reveal significant variations in how schools aim to prepare students for higher education. Specifically, students of Fachoberschule face a double disadvantage due to their social background and institutional structures, which hinder their higher education pathways. The lack of personalized support at vocational schools complicates students’ orientation process, placing much of the responsibility on students and a few dedicated teachers.
Migrants’ Participation and Migration Governance Amidst Hostility in Small Localities: An Italian Case Study
Authors: Angelucci Alba , Ince-Beqo Gül , De Blasis Fabio
Published: January 2025

In this article we examine how small and medium‐sized towns address migrants’ participation amidst hostility. To do so, we focus on a small town in central Italy. We scrutinise two dimensions of participation— visibility and agency in policy‐making—and connect them to specific forms of hostility towards migrants that can arise in small communities. We also consider how changes in the social fabric and political discourse can overcome and subvert such hostilities. By exploring the case vertically (involving institutions) and horizontally (involving civil society actors), we analyse local migrants’ participation in light of political transitions and changes in the local government’s attitude. We focus in particular on how and whether migrants are granted space in the planning and implementation of integration and participation policies across different periods in a small town in central Italy. This case highlights substantial policy transitions that shape migrants’ involvement in local life and set boundaries on their engagement. The article, which is based on qualitative research conducted within the EU‐funded project PISTE—Participation in Small and Medium‐Sized Towns: Experiences, Exchanges, Experiments, relies on policy analysis and 17 semi‐structured interviews with policy‐makers and civil society actors. The results show that political discourse on migration affects perceptions and practices of hostility in regard to migrants and the forms of visibility assumed by migrants’ participation in small and medium‐sized towns. When participation is politically hindered, everyday practices of visibility (such as being visible in public spaces) assume political significance. The presence of “bridging figures” is crucial for facilitating the transition from an adverse to a more inclusive political environment, enhancing participation by specific migrant groups. However, reliance on such bridging figures and personal relationships can be a double‐edged sword. It can promote participation, but it may confine it to individual interactions rather than foster broader migrants engagement.
Repeated Use of Purified Wastewater in the Dyeing of Polyether Fabrics with Dispersed Dyes
Authors:   Cherkasy State Technological University, Cherkasy, Ukraine, Koval Myroslava
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of reuse of treated wastewater from the dyeing and finishing production in the technology of fabric dyeing. The wastewater is purified by adsorption using natural zeolite, followed by coagulation and flocculation. The purified water is reused in the process of dyeing polyester fabric with dispersed dyes of Dark Blue Z, Red 2C, Yellow Stable 2K. They ensure the intensity of fabric coloring at 95-99.9% compared to 100%. The stability of the obtained color is at the level of 2-4 points according to the greyscale. The double treatment of the same wastewater makes it easy to dye Polyether fabric with dispersed Dark Blue Z dye.
Differential Pulse Cathodic Voltammetric Determination of Metopimazine in Dosage Forms through Treatment with Oxone
Authors:   State Scientific Institution “Institute for Single Crystals” of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Varchenko Victoria , Mozgova Olena ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, Blazheyevskiy Mykola ,   National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Moroz Valeriy ,   National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

A simple, rapid and sensitive voltammetric method for determining Metopimazine (MPZ) as its sulfoxide was developed. The Metopimazine sulfoxide derivative (MPZO) is formed quickly and quantitatively at room temperature by adding potassium caroate solution. Well-defined cathodic waves were obtained for MPZO in 0.02 mol/L HCl using the differential-pulse mode at the hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). It is shown that the limiting stage of the MPZO reduction process is the adsorption of MPZO on the electrode surface. Factors affecting the peak current were studied and optimised. The current–concentration relationship was linear over the 0.4-2.7 µg/mL ranges for MPZ, respectively. The technique has been developed and the possibility of quantitative determination of Metopimazine in Vogalene Lyoc 7.5 mg tablets by an indirect voltammetric method using potassium caroate (Oxone) as an oxidising agent has been shown. RSD was ≤1.63% (δ = –0.40…..–1.07%), where δ = (-µ)·100%/µ, and µ is the average value of the quantitative determination by reference spectrophotometric method. According to the data of the linear part of the calibration graph, the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated, which are 0.1 μg/mL and 0.4 μg/mL, respectively. The method is specific for an intact drug in the presence of oxidative and photochemical decomposition products and excipients.
Regulation of Bioresource Centers and Biological Collections at the Level of International Organizations
Authors: Kubyshkin A. V.
Published: January 2025

.
Development of Assisted Reproduction Technologies and Conceptual Crisis in Establishing Motherhood
Authors: Bogdanova E. E.
Published: January 2025

At present, family law lacks a coherent doctrine of parenthood, in general, and maternity, in particular. The existing ideas pertaining to issues of establishing legal maternity in the context of assisted reproduction technologies fail to provide a logically consistent system of conclusions and recommendations in this area. The current legal science is lagging in the development of a concept of maternity, having to borrow knowledge from other branches of science.

In this article, the author examines the ongoing transformation of the institution of maternity in family law under the influence of biomedical technologies. In terms of legal representation, maternity is a multidimensional issue. In this connection, the author formulates a number of research tasks, including establishment of (1) maternity criteria and the legal status of the mother, (2) specific features in the protection of rights and interests of the born child, and (3) influence of assisted reproduction technologies when determining maternity.

The author concludes that the development of biomedical technologies and evolution of the institution of the family are driving the need for a new paradigm of the parental legal relationship. In this paradigm, the rights of both social parent and biological parent could be properly recognized and defined. Hence, parenthood, in general, and motherhood, in particular, would be a legally recognized relationship formed from the intention of the subjects to recognize themselves as parents of a particular child.
El impacto de las herramientas de procesamiento de lenguaje natural (Chatgpt) en la educación universitaria y en la investigación
Authors: González Morcillo Carlos
Published: January 2025

Sin resumen
In Memoriam del profesor Justo García Sánchez
Authors: López-Rendo Rodríguez Carmen
Published: January 2025

Sin resumen
A furniture design experience with a biomimetic approach: LOT-US
Authors: Altıparmakoğlu Sakarya Gozde , Sakarya Kemal , Pinar Emre
Published: January 2025

Nature has perpetually remained a potent wellspring of inspiration for humans because over the years, through the process of natural selection, animals and plants have evolved unique traits to survive and adapt to their environment. These traits can be a source of inspiration for humans when they face problems that require solutions. Biomimetic approach, a discipline based on the idea of designing inspired by nature or imitating biological systems, is used to understand the unique properties and functions of living organisms in nature and to apply these properties to human-made products. The aim of this study is to highlight that nature constitutes one of the most significant sources of inspiration in the realm of design and to experience that original designs can be created by correctly constructing many qualities to be transferred from nature to design. In this context, a multifunctional and hygienic furniture emulating the lotus flower was designed with a biomimetic approach.
El mueble escolar durante la primera renovación pedagógica tras la Guerra Civil en España: 1952 – 1970
Authors: Martínez Torán Manuel , Esteve Sendra Chele
Published: January 2025

Este estudio analiza la evolución del mobiliario escolar en España entre 1952 y 1970, enmarcándola en un contexto de transformación pedagógica, industrial y tecnológica. Se identifican tres aspectos centrales: primero, la influencia de metodologías pedagógicas activas que demandaron mobiliario más flexible y ergonómico; segundo, los avances en diseño y materiales, como la integración de estructuras mixtas de madera y metal, impulsadas por innovaciones como el curvado de tubo metálico; y tercero, el impacto de políticas educativas y programas estatales que promovieron la modernización de las aulas. Entre los protagonistas destacan arquitectos como Miguel Fisac, Mariano García Benito y Rafael de la Hoz, entre otros, junto a empresas como Federico Giner, cuya producción refleja los cambios en las prácticas educativas y los avances tecnológicos. Este trabajo resalta la relevancia del mobiliario escolar como catalizador de nuevas dinámicas de aprendizaje, conectando diseño, pedagogía e industria en el periodo estudiado.
SourceNet: A Deep-Learning-Based Method for Determining Earthquake Source Parameters
Authors: Zuo Kezhen , Zhao Cuiping , Kuang Wenhuan
Published: January 2025

Seismic waves carry rich information about earthquake sources and the Earth’s medium. However, the process of extracting earthquake source parameters from seismic waves using traditional methods is complex and time consuming. In this study, we present a deep-learning-based method for automatic determination of earthquake source parameters. Considering the principle of calculating source parameters, the input of the deep neural network (SourceNet) includes not only the seismic waveform, but also the amplitude, epicenter distance, and station information. The utilization of multimodal data significantly improves the accuracy of determining earthquake source parameters. The test results using the real seismic data in the Sichuan–Yunnan region show that the earthquake source parameters obtained by SourceNet are in good agreement with the manual results and have higher computational efficiency. We apply the trained SourceNet to the seismic activities in the Changning area and further verify the reliability of the method by comparing our estimates of stress drops with those reported in previous studies of this area. The average time for SourceNet to calculate the source parameters of an earthquake is less than 0.1 s, which can be used for real-time automatic determination of source parameters.
At the Table of the Krakow Bernardines. Dinner Menu in the Light of a Unique Manuscript from the Second Half of the 18th century. A Contribution to Research on the Culinary Heritage of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Authors: Przybyłowicz Olga Miriam
Published: January 2025

The aim of this article is to present the issue of consumption at the Krakow Saint Bernardine convent against the background of the culinary culture of the Republic of Poland at the time. The oldest account book of the Bernardine convent at St Joseph’s Church in Krakow preserves a unique year-round dinner menu. Thanks to the data, it is possible to reconstruct the customs and traditions of consumption and cooking of the Bernardine nuns, the everyday and festive nature of meals in the modern era. At the same time, the information makes it possible to show the standard of living of the nuns and the various aspects of the convent’s functioning in the realities of Krakow in this century. The analysis of the products and dishes eaten by the nuns is presented in the perspective of the culinary heritage of the Republic of Poland in the second half of the 18th century. The set of dishes and products consumed by the Bernardine nuns during the main meal of the day places them in the culinary sphere among the higher social strata.
Rafting and Navigation on the Vistula in the Area of the Cracow Agglomeration in the Years 1773–1785 (in the Light of the Kazimierz Bridge Registers)
Authors: Kazusek Szymon
Published: January 2025

The Vistula rafting played an important role in the economic life of the most important urban center of Little Poland (Małopolska). The first partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth radically changed the economic situation, dividing the single economic market of this region. The article discusses the impact of the first partition on the development of navigable trade and Vistula navigation in the Cracow agglomeration.
The value levels of high school students regarding physical education and sports activities
Authors: Kurnaz Mert , Silva Ana Filipa , Matos Sergio , Flores Fabio
Published: January 2025

The aim of the present study was to comprehend the value level of high school students regarding PE and sports lesson activities, and to understand if that value significantly differs according to sex, participation in school sports, participation in sports clubs, and grade. In a combined analysis, students demonstrated an appreciation for the five items focused on in the questionnaire (success, respect, national culture and unity, sportsmanship and sports culture), indicating values around 4 out of 5. In the sex analysis, only the intensity differed, with the order of valorization remaining the same, with respect being the highest, followed closely by success, and sportsmanship coming last. Those actively involved in sports tended to place a higher value on success, while individuals who did not participate valued respect more. Success was only prioritized over respect at the age of 11. The positions from third to fifth place in terms of appreciation consistently remained in the order: national culture and unity, sports culture, and sportsmanship. The PE class can be very enriching in developing values in students by promoting problem-solving situations to stimulate reflection. Therefore, merely participating in the class is not enough; the teacher must actively create these situations and encourage dialogue.
Differential Diagnosis of Specific Cardiomyopathy in HIV-Adult With Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Via Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Authors: Chanakhcian F. N. , Gulyaev N. I. , Alekhnovich A. V. , Vakhromeeva M. N. , Krylov A. S. , Puzenko D. V.
Published: January 2025

The article presents a clinical case of secondary cardiomyopathy in an HIV patient with plasmablastic lymphoma due to the combined pathology (HIV infection with ongoing antiretroviral therapy in combination with antitumor therapy), in which the use of multimodal imaging contributed to establishing the correct diagnosis and excluding the unjustified use of invasive methods for diagnosing ischemic heart disease.
Relationship Between the Biomarkers of Collagen Regulation and Echocardiography Parameters in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Shirokov N. E. , Enina T. N. , Zueva E. V. , Yaroslavskaya E. I. , Krinochkin D. V. , Musikhina N. A. , Petelina T. I. , Gapon L. I.
Published: January 2025

Aim. To study the relationship between laboratory markers and echocardiography (EchoCG) parameters in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) depending on the results of the diastolic stress test (DST).

Material and methods. The diagnostic algorithm provided by the current guidelines for the assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function was used to select patients. If there were not enough criteria to make a conclusion about increased LV filling pressure (FP) based on standard resting echocardiography data in patients with arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease, DST was performed to detect HFpEF. 80 patients (50.0% men, mean age 66.3±5.4 years) were included. Group 1 consisted of 41 patients with a positive DST, and group 2 included 39 patients with a negative DST. Concentrations of the markers of immune inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, collagen homeostasis, and myocardial stress were measured.

Results. The DST showed significant differences in the E/e’ ratio (15.1 [13.4; 15.9] in group 1 and 9.5 [7.9; 10.3] in group 2, respectively, p<0.001) and the diastolic functional reserve index (DFRI) (9.8 [6.8; 14.0] and 21.0 [13.0; 29.0], p < 0.001). Resting EchoCG revealed significant differences in the left atrial reservoir strain (LASr) (22.8 [19.6; 25.6]% and 28.0 [24.8; 30.2]%, p<0.001) and the left atrial stiffness index (LASI) (0.50 [0.40; 0.57] and 0.34 [0.27; 0.41], p<0.001). In patients with HFpEF, the laboratory parameters of collagen regulation had the greatest number of relationships. Correlations were found between the concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and other biomarkers, including interleukin-10 (IL-10) (r=0.311; p=0.048), myeloperoxidase (r=0.382; p=0.014), N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (procollagen I N-terminal propeptide, PINP) (r=0.722; p<0.001) and type III (r=0.591; p<0.001), C-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (r=0.330; p=0.035), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases type 1 (r=0.410; p=0.008), EchoCG parameters, including left atrial volume index (LAVI) (r=0.414; p=0.007) and DFRI (r=0.354; p=0.025). In addition, correlations were found for the concentrations of PINP with IL-10 (r=0.401; p=0.009) and endothelin-1 (r= -0.337; p=0.031); PINP with LAVI (r=0.498; p=0.001) and DFRI (r=0.420; p=0.007).

Conclusion. Patients with HFpEF have a greater number of relationships between markers of collagen homeostasis disorders and EchoCG parameters characterizing an increase in LV FP.
The Frequency of Occurrence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Awareness оf Them Among Young People in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Plisyuk A. G. , Orlova Ia. A. , Zimakova E. I. , Begrambekova Yu. L. , Krasilnikova E. S. , Daudov I. S. , Evlampiev S. E. , Nesuk O. M. , Armaganov A. G. , Akopian Zh. A. , Kamalov A. A.
Published: January 2025

Objective. To assess the prevalence of risk factors  of cardiovascular disease (CV RF) development and awareness of them among young people studing at University.Material and Methods. Сross-sectional study study included 1182 young men and women studying at Lomonosov Moscow State University (age 18-44 years), with no history of chronic non-infectious diseases, who underwent a screening  in April-June 2022. All participants filled out the standard “Questionnaire for citizens under the age of 65 years to identify chronic non-communicable diseases, risk factors for their development, and the use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances without prescription”, a specially designed questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors for CVD development, and a questionnaire on nighttime sleep status. Results. In young men, the most common FRs were low fruit and vegetable intake (46.8%). Sleep disturbances were reported by 28.8% of men and 34.5% of women. Low physical activity was present in 1 in 5 young people. Obesity was found in 5.0% of the study participants. Young women in general showed greater awareness of CV RF. The most frequent factor mentioned in the questionnaire was smoking. More than 60% of respondents mentioned low physical activity and  nutritional factors , while obesity and overweight were mentioned by only 16% of respondents.More CV RFs were named by natural science students, and more smokers were identified among them.Conclusion. The obtained data allow us to speak about the high prevalence of behavioral CV RFs  and insufficient awareness of their adverse health effects in young people, even with a high level of education. The effectiveness of preventive measures can be largely determined by their precise targeting. Raising awareness of the need for greater consumption of fruits and vegetables, sleep norms, the dangers of arterial hypertension, hypodynamia and obesity, in our opinion, is an important component of preventive work among students in universities.
Clinical and Diagnostic Value of ABCDE Stress Echocardiography With Exercise in Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Timofeeva T. M. , Safarova A. F. , Pavlikov G. S. , Kobalava Zh. D.
Published: January 2025

Aim. Evaluation of the clinical and diagnostic role of stepwise stress echocardiography (Stress Echo) with exercise using the ABCDE protocol in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).

Material and methods. This single-site study included 75 patients (mean age 61.6±9.8 years; 84% men) after MI. The median time since MI was 1231.0 [381.5; 2698.5] days. All patients underwent Stress Echo using a five-step protocol. Step A identified impaired local contractility, step B identified the sum of B lines, step C identified the left ventricular (LV) contractile reserve, step D identified the coronary reserve in the anterior interventricular branch, and step E identified the heart rate reserve. The Stress Echo result was assessed by scores from 0 (all steps negative) to 5 (all steps positive). The effects of positive steps and the sum of Stress Echo scores on the incidence of the need for repeat revascularization were assessed.

Results. The frequency of positive results was 36% for step A, 18.7% for step B, 80.0% for step C, 53.3% for step D, and 50.7% for step E. In 4 (5.3%) patients, all steps were negative (score 0); in 3 patients (4%), they were positive (score 5). Coronary angiography after Stress Echo during the follow-up period was performed in 26 (34.7%) patients; the need for repeat revascularization was determined in 17 (22.7%) patients. The predictors of the need for repeat revascularization according to a multivariate analysis were positive step A, chest pain pattern, and LV end-diastolic volume at peak exercise (p<0.001). A statistically significant effect of positive step A on survival without a need for repeat revascularization was observed in patients with a history of MI (p=0.020).

Conclusion. Among all the parameters of the integrated approach with Stress Echo, the emergence of new areas of impaired LV local contractility in patients after MI remains the main guideline for prescribing an angiographic study and a significant predictor of a need for repeated revascularization. However, the study results suggest that a further investigation of the effect of each positive step and the total ABCDE Stress Echo score on the prognosis for postinfarction cardiovascular complications is promising.
The Influence of Antithrombotic Therapy on the Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Complications in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease And Diabetes Mellitus. Emphasis on Hypercoagulation
Authors: Zotova I. V. , Cherkasov A. O.
Published: January 2025

Comorbid diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a serious factor that significantly impairs the life prognosis and increases the risk of cardiovascular complications (CVC) as well as the likelihood of death. The residual risk of developing CVC in such patients is largely determined by the high thrombotic status, that is associated with hypercoagulation characteristic of DM. Hypercoagulation causes activation of both platelet and coagulation pathways, which leads to an increased susceptibility to thrombosis. In this context, the combined administration of the anticoagulant rivaroxaban (Xarelto®) 2.5 mg and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) can significantly reduce this risk by affecting both mechanisms of thrombus formation and thereby improving the prognosis. Rivaroxaban 2.5 mg in combination with ASA is the only available strategy to intensify the antithrombotic therapy in patients with stable IHD and DM with no history of ischemic events. Importantly, such therapy should be initiated as early as possible to prevent clinically significant CVCs and improve patients' quality of life.
Game-Based Adaptive Learning in Probability Education
Authors:   School of Risk and Actuarial Studies, UNSW Business School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, Xu Xiao
Published: January 2025

Traditional approaches often fall short in effectively teaching complex subjects like probability and dynamic programming, especially in contexts requiring high engagement and individualized learning paths. This paper presents a simulation-based experimental study exploring the potential of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) adaptive learning system through the development of a game-based learning tool. The system utilizes dynamic programming principles and decision tree regressors to adjust the game complexity in real-time, based on simulated student performance. The adaptive dice game provides personalized learning experiences that improve both engagement and comprehension of key mathematical concepts. The experiment evaluates how adaptive difficulty settings influence strategic decision-making and learning outcomes. The results demonstrate that adaptive learning systems can significantly enhance mathematical education by offering customized learning paths that improve understanding of complex concepts. This study contributes to the discussion on the potential of integrating AI with educational technologies to enhance learning outcomes, particularly in disciplines that demand high analytical skills.
Overview: Review on colon drug delivery system
Authors: Ambekar Sakshi , Gadhe Shrikant , Shinde Aniket , Sonawane Rushikesh , Kakad Amit , Shaikh M.R.N
Published: January 2025

The goal of this review is to comprehend existing methods for colon-targeting dosage forms that use microbially triggered (such as prodrugs and polysaccharide-based systems), pressure-dependent, pH-sensitive, osmotically controlled, and timed release systems. Over the past 20 years, colonic-focused drug transfer has become more and more significant due to the capacity to transfer therapeutic peptides and proteins as well as medications for the treatment of various colon disorders. With varying degrees of effectiveness, a sort of traditional approach that takes into account prodrugs, pH, time-dependent, and microflora-activated methods has been utilised in the past for colon-targeted delivery. Understanding current strategies for colon-targeting dosage forms that employ PH-sensitive, pressure-dependent, osmotically regulated, timed release, and microbially triggered (such as medicinal products and polysaccharide-based systems) systems is the aim of this review. Over the past 20 years, colon-focused drug delivery has become more significant due to its ability to administer medications for the treatment of numerous colonic disorders, as well as therapeutic peptides and proteins. A variety of traditional procedures, taking into account therapeutics, PH, time dependent on others, and microflora-activated, were all employed in previous years for colon-targeted dosing with varying degrees of success.
Inflamed journeys: Understanding ulcerative colitis
Authors: Joshi Pradneshwari M. , Barkade Ganesh D. , Sawant Ramesh L.
Published: January 2025

Ulcerative Colitis is a kind of IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease). Recurrent episodes of gastrointestinal tract inflammation brought on by an aberrant immune response to gut microbiota is what defines IBD. India has the highest reported incidence of IBD (931 cases per 100,000 people) and UC (5.41 cases per 100,000 people) among the world's developing nations. It's interesting to note that whereas UC is more common in Northern India, CD is more common in Southern India. In a few years, India may have the highest overall burden of IBD due to its large population. Globally, the burden of disease will keep increasing because mortality is often low.The present study reveals historical background, epidemiology, and pathophysiology of Ulcerative Colitis, while also drawing comparisons between modern treatment modalities and traditional systems like Ayurveda. Ongoing research is focused on refining treatment strategies, with a tailored approach to enhance patient outcomes, minimize recurrence, and improve the quality of life for individuals dealing with Ulcerative Colitis.
Addressing the ecological sustainability through bio-economy - A comprehensive review
Authors: Dubey Shivam
Published: January 2025

In addition to providing a cross-cutting viewpoint on the social shift away from the non-renewable economy and towards long-term sustainability, the bioeconomy propels the advancement of life science and biotechnology as a blueprint for the future evolution of human society. The creation, utilization, preservation, and regeneration of biological resources to offer long-term solutions is known as the bioeconomy. It may generate food, energy, and industrial products using renewable resources such as plants, animals, and microbes. The bioeconomy may worsen already-existing social tensions and inequalities, resulting in environmental and social instability and eventually biodiversity loss, if resources, opportunities, and rewards are not distributed fairly. Biotechnology, agriculture, and forestry are some of the industries that make up the bioeconomy.
Optimizing asthma care in the elderly: A guidelines-based therapeutic approach for enhanced diagnosis and management
Authors: Nagrik Shivshankar M. , Nagrik Shatrughna U. , Thakur Durgesh B. , Bali Sanjana R. , Zore Mayuri G. , Shelke Satish
Published: January 2025

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly affecting the airways, leading to symptoms that include wheezing, breathlessness, and chest tightness. However, in the elderly-patient population, which forms about 7-10% of asthma cases, the condition presents quite differently because of physiological changes with age, additional comorbidities, and pharmacological sensitivities. Symptoms overlap with other conditions such as COPD, compounded by smoking history and cognitive decline, add to the complexity when it comes to diagnosing asthma in this age group. Spirometry and the bronchodilator reversibility test are very essential pulmonary function tests whose underutilization in this age group culminates in under-diagnosis and suboptimal management. Management of asthma in the elderly should be carefully planned in accordance with well-established protocols like those proposed by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) and the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP). Those guidelines recommend the use of ICS and LABAs as core therapy with adjustments made for physiological and pharmacokinetic changes in older adults. While the pharmacological interventions will need more attention, prevention of exacerbations will be linked with non-pharmacological interventions that include lifestyle modification and vaccination. Polypharmacy and increased risk of adverse drug reactions further complicate treatment, but in most cases, require individualized care plans to reduce risks and increase results. This review puts emphasis on adherence to guideline-based therapeutic strategies and calls for future research efforts to be focused on age-specific clinical trials and biologic therapies directed to the elderly.By addressing the complexities of asthma in elderly patients, healthcare providers can enhance disease management and improve the quality of life for this vulnerable population.
AI in autoimmune diseases: Transforming diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Mane Dipali Vikas , Deshmukh Abhijeet Nagnath , Ambare Rohit Hanumant , Solankar Akash Ankush , Madane Chaitanya Sanjaykumar
Published: January 2025

Because of their diverse clinical manifestations and intricate pathophysiology, autoimmune diseases which are defined by the immune system wrongly attacking healthy tissues present serious difficulties. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown revolutionary promise in this field, especially in improving diagnostic precision, facilitating tailored treatment plans, and offering real-time illness tracking. This paper highlights AI's role in assessing various datasets pertaining to immune function and pathology while critically examining the present applications of AI in the therapy of autoimmune diseases. In order to find new biomarkers and enable early and accurate detection of various disorders, advanced AI approaches such as machine learning and deep learning have proven essential. AI-powered predictive models have demonstrated promise in predicting periods of remission and disease flares, allowing for prompt and focused treatment modifications. Furthermore, by accelerating the identification of promising therapeutic candidates and lowering related costs, AI is transforming drug discovery and repurposing. However, issues including data heterogeneity, algorithmic transparency, and patient confidence in AI-driven suggestions limit AI's full potential in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. This paper highlights the need for ethical frameworks and interdisciplinary collaboration by examining these limits and suggesting solutions. This paper shows AI's potential to transform the diagnosis, treatment, and management of autoimmune disorders by combining recent developments and future applications. This will pave the way for a future where healthcare solutions are proactive, accurate, and individualized.
What Hides between the Letters? An analysis of Adam Mickiewicz’s Writing
Authors: Pachocki Dariusz
Published: January 2025

The article presents some issues related to the study of Adam Mickiewicz’s manuscripts using graphological scribal tools. The main subject of analysis was made the archives, which are stored in the Library of the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin. What is important, they are an integral part of the legendary Philomath Archive, which has been dispersed over the years. The conducted analyses, which are only a contribution, but may indicate future directions of researchers’ interests, allow us to get an idea of the basic features of Mickiewicz’s handwriting. In addition, the analyses undertaken have made it possible to isolate and describe the characteristic features of the poet’s manuscripts.
Założenia krytycznych edycji tekstów literackich a ich realizacja w postaci cyfrowej
Authors: Hojdis Bogdan
Published: January 2025

Cyfrowa edycja naukowa tekstów literackich to obecnie coraz częstsza postać wydań, przeznaczonych dla stosunkowo wąskiego grona odbiorców. Zasady wzorcowych edycji typu A literatury staropolskiej sformułowali przed prawie siedemdziesięciu laty pracownicy Instytutu Badań Literackich PAN. Jakkolwiek dzisiaj by się do nich odnieść, reguły te są raczej respektowane, stanowią też punkt odniesienia dla krytycznej edycji tekstów późniejszych. Czy jednak cyfrowe narzędzia pozwalają już bezproblemowo sprostać takim wymaganiom? A pomijając kwestie gromadzenia i przechowywania – czy publikowanie takich wydań może napotkać trudności inne niż te, z którymi musieli mierzyć się dawni drukarze? W artykule starano się pokazać, jak rozwój i implementacja systemów informatycznych (głównie aplikacji, usług sieciowych) mogą wpłynąć na edycje tych samych źródeł.
„Jestem zwierciadłem czasu”. Subiektywne doświadczanie współczesności w epistolarnej prozie Tomasza Zana
Authors: Olejniczak Martyna
Published: January 2025

Tekst dotyczy subiektywnego odczuwania i rozumienia (doświadczania) współczesności Tomasza Zana. Przedmiotem analizy jest jego „epistolarna proza”, czyli „rozdziałki” znajdujące się wewnątrz korespondencji filomatów z lat 1815-1823. Lektura listów Zana nie skupia się zatem na relacji nadawcy i odbiorcy, lecz odbywa się z uznaniem dominanty podmiotu mówiącego. Dlatego też praktyka epistolograficzna filomaty, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem osobliwej koegzystencji listu i literatury, traktowana jest jako zapis doświadczenia. Obserwacja studenckiej i częściowo prozatorskiej korespondencji Zana z tej perspektywy prowadzi do wniosku, że jej zasadniczym tworzywem jest indywidualny czas wrażliwego pisarza, a zatem jednostkowe i asynchroniczne odczuwanie historyczności podmiotu. Na podstawie wileńskiego dorobku epistolarnego Zana można wyróżnić dwa rodzaje doświadczania współczesności. Pierwszy dotyczy relacji pomiędzy jednostką a zbiorowością. Drugi – według teorii Georges’a Bataille’a – nazywam „doświadczeniem wewnętrznym”.
„W mickiewiczowskim świecie dźwięków największą rolę gra głos ludzki” (W. Achremowiczowa) – uwagi o roli głosu w poezji Mickiewicza
Authors: Majdak Magdalena
Published: January 2025

Artykuł jest nawiązaniem do tekstu Wandy Achremowiczowej pt. „Uwagi o roli dźwięku w poezji Mickiewicza” (opublikowanym „w setną rocznicę Mickiewiczowską”, w 1955 roku) i próbą realizacji zawartych w nim postulatów dotyczących roli głosu w twórczości poety. Jak pisze autorka: „W mickiewiczowskim świecie dźwięków największą rolę gra głos ludzki jako niezwykle giętkie narzędzie ekspresji uczuciowej zarówno w postaci nieartykułowanej, jak tym bardziej w zespoleniu ze słowem. Wtedy dopiero jest wyrazem całej psychofizycznej istoty człowieka” (s. 110). Głos ludzki jako medium mające właściwość przekazywania intencji, stanów emocjonalnych, poruszeń serca, daje szczególną orientację w tym zakresie, a odwołanie się do niego wydatnie wzbogaca rysunek postaci, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do ich życia wewnętrznego. Do głównych zagadnień poruszonych w artykule należą: foniczna charakterystyka wybranych postaci, specyfika emocji powiązanych z głosem, głos jako narzędzie spotkania i jego oddziaływanie, a także różne drogi głosu ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem relacji między sercem i głosem w twórczości Adama Mickiewicza.
Computer prediction of fracture of magnesium alloy cylindrical billet during equal channel angular pressing
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Volkova E. P. , Khudododova G. D. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Botkin A. V. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Valiev R. Z. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology
Published: January 2025

The main challenge in using magnesium alloys, applied in medicine as biodegradable materials, is their difficult deformability, which in turn leads to frequent failure of samples during severe plastic deformation. This paper shows that the temperature mode of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) of a Mg–Zn–Ca system magnesium alloy, which ensures deformation of samples without failure, can be determined based on the results of finite-element computer simulation of the stress-strain state of the billet, calculation of alloy damage using the Cockcroft–Latham model, and prediction of the sample failure area. Modelling showed that the surface area of the billet adjacent to the matrix inner corner during ECAP, is the area of possible failure of the magnesium alloy. The value of alloy damage during ECAP in this area at T=350 °C is less than 1, which corresponds to non-failure of the metal. To verify the computer simulation results, ECAP physical simulation was performed; billets without signs of failure were produced. A study of the mechanical properties of the Mg–1%Zn–0.06%Ca magnesium alloy was conducted before and after ECAP processing according to the selected mode: the ultimate strength limit increased by 45 %, the hardness increased by 16 %, while the plasticity increased by 5 %.
Electrochemical interaction between biodegradable ZX10 and WZ31 magnesium alloys and medical Ti6Al4V titanium alloy
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Myagkikh P. N. , Merson E. D. ,   Togliatti State University, Poluyanov V. A. ,   Togliatti State University, Merson D. L. ,   Togliatti State University, Begun M. E. ,   Togliatti State University
Published: January 2025

Magnesium-based alloys are a modern material for the production of biodegradable (self-dissolving) surgical implants. Magnesium is a metal with the most negative electrode potential of all structural materials: −2.37 V. This means that close arrangement of implants made of magnesium and, for example, titanium alloys will lead to the occurrence of a galvanic effect and accelerated electrochemical corrosion of magnesium. However, it is unknown how the ratio of the areas of titanium and magnesium products affects the magnitude of this effect. This work covers this issue. In the presented study, cylindrical samples of biodegradable ZX10 and WZ31 magnesium alloys were placed in physiological Ringer’s solution at a distance of 3 cm from a sample of medical Ti6Al4V alloy of the same shape and size. During the test, the temperature of the corrosive environment was maintained at 37 °C. The series of experiments included corrosion tests lasting three days with the participation of one, two or four magnesium samples, thus the area ratios between the titanium and magnesium alloy were 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4. It was found that for both magnesium alloys, with an increase in the area ratio, the effect of electrochemical action decreases significantly, which is expressed in a decrease in the corrosion rate. At the same time, for the WZ31 alloy, the effect of the presence of Ti6Al4V on the corrosion rate is significantly weaker than for ZX10, which is explained by the presence of the LPSO phase in the alloy, as well as a more alloyed matrix and, accordingly, having a more positive electrode potential.
Identifying financial crises in turbulence conditions
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Valinurova L. S. , Konovalova M. E. ,   Samara State University of Economics, Kuzmina O. Yu. ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: January 2025

Globalization of world economic relations contributes to the spread of crises between countries, turning local crises into global phenomena. Currently, there is no standardized approach to calculating the indicators of financial crisis identification. This limits significantly the qualitative analysis of the consequences of financial crises and does not allow obtaining a significant positive effect from the implementation of measures of the state financial policy. The key task set by the authors of the study is to develop a standardized approach to identifying financial crises, which will allow the most effective implementation of anti-crisis measures of state regulation of financial relations. The authors made an attempt to study the factors of financial crises, identify patterns of crisis processes in Russia and abroad, assess existing methods for identifying financial crises, substantiate the necessary measures to predict financial crises in order to prevent possible negative consequences. The study identified the key factors of financial crises in different periods of socio-economic development of Russia, among which one can note the lack of liquidity, political instability, stock market volatility, and a significant reduction in investment demand. The authors emphasize that financial crises mainly arise as a result of the impact of exogenous factors, various internal problems just aggravate the course of a crisis caused by external reasons. The authors proposed the method for calculating a generalized indicator of financial crisis identification that can be considered a result of practical significance.