bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Carbon Emission Disclosure: An Empirical Study on Indonesian Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Pratiwi Lutfiana , Maharani Bunga , Sayekti Yosefa
Published: November 2021

Due to the worsening environmental issues e.g, climate change, the stakeholders impose greater demand and pressure more towards the companies of caring about the environment. The emergence of carbon accounting is a supplement to the adoption of Kyoto Protocol. However, the government has not applied carbon accounting to all companies in Indonesia, because of non-explicit laws and low quality of human resources. Various studies have been conducted to find the determinant factors for companies to make carbon emission disclosure. This research aims at examining the influence of type of industry, profitability, company size, environmental performance, and audit firm reputation on the carbon emission disclosure of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange years 2016-2019. It employed a purposive sampling technique and obtained 290 observations and the data were analyzed using Ordinary Least Square. The shows that type of industry, profitability and company size influence carbon emission disclosure. However, this research does not successfully show the influence of environmental performance and reputation of public accountant office on carbon emission disclosure.
Geomicrobiología para prospección de uranio en profundidad en la cuenca Neuquina, Argentina
Authors: Scotti Adalgisa , Rojas Guillermo , Servant Cristina Marcela , Catálfamo Pablo , Valle Nicolás , Gómez Martín Pedro
Published: November 2021

Contexto: La prospección microbiológica de petróleo es una metodología ampliamente utilizada y se describe en muchos trabajos publicados, sin embargo en la minería de uranio (U) no es frecuente, si bien hay investigadores que se refierena algunos microorganismos como Bacillus sp, los cuales se utilizan en biorremediación y podrían ser capaces de hacerlo en prospección. En este trabajo se propone una relación microbiológica para la prospección por U, hipotetizando que se verá afectada por la presencia de U profundo Nuestro objetivo principal es mostrar que la relación microbiológica formadapor Bacillus sp /Mesófilos Aerobios Totales (B/TAM) se relaciona con la presencia de U y se puede utilizar como técnica complementaria para su prospección.
Método: El muestreo de suelo fue realizado en un área de 600 Km2 en la cuenca Neuquina; Colonia Catriel, Provincia deRío Negro, Argentina. Para las determinaciónes de U espectrométrico, U total, U lábil y la microbiología, se muestrearon 62 sitios por duplicado y se estudiaron 8 pozos con diferente concentración de U en profundidad. Además, se analizaron la emanometría de Radón y las zoneografías de las concentraciones de U total, lábil y espectrométrico y de la relación micro-biológica. Los resultados se sometieron a un análisis estadístico mediante análisis de componentes principales y regresión lineal.
Resultados: Este trabajo muestra una lineal correlación estadística altamente significativa (R= 0,59 p<0,002) entre la geomicrobiología en superficie y la concentración de U en profundidad.
Conclusiones: Las investigaciones deben continuar vinculando otros elementos de la geoquímica y de la geofísica que podrían complementarse con esta técnica geomicrobiológica
NeugestaltNeugestaltung urbaner Freiräume – Einblicke in das Reallabor Wuppertalung urbaner Freiräume – Einblicke in das Reallabor Wuppertal
Authors: Palzkill Alexandra , Augenstein Karoline
Published: November 2021

Cities as places of sustainability transformation are becoming increasingly important in sustainability and transition research. One of the key questions is how to proactively promote and spread urban sustainability niches. Real-world laboratories are an approach that uses experiments at the sciene-society interface to reflect sustainability challenges in a concrete (urban) context and to proactively foster complex transformation processes. This paper discusses real-world labs as spaces for experimentation and reflexive learning and introduces institutional logics and narratives as conceptual approaches to analyse these. This approach is illustrated using a case study from the real-world laboratory Wuppertal. Together with the civil society initiative “Utopiastadt”, an experiment was carried out to develop liveable urban space. Based on the results of the case study, key methodological features and the specific understanding of experiments in real-world labs are discussed. They are related to experimental approaches in planning science in order to discuss the different understandings and expectations with regard to the use of experiments as well as the potential contributions and complementarities between the two fields of research.
Rail Accessibility in Germany: Changing Regional Disparities between 1990 and 2020
Authors: Wenner Fabian , Thierstein Alain
Published: November 2021

Transport accessibility is an important location factor for households and firms. In the last few decades, technological and social developments have contributed to a reinvigorated role of passenger transport. However, rail accessibility is unevenly distributed in space. The introduction of high-speed rail has furthermore promoted a polarisation of accessibility between metropolises and peripheral areas in some European countries. In this article we analyse the development of rail accessibility at the regional level in Germany between 1990 and 2020 for 266 functional city-regions. Our results show two different facets: The number of regions that are directly connected to one another has decreased, but at the same time the spatial disparities of accessibility have decreased, albeit to a small extent. This development was strongest in East Germany after German reunification and thus largely a consequence of the renovation of the conventional rail infrastructure, not high-speed rail. Nevertheless, it can be concluded that the introduction of high-speed traffic in Germany did not lead to an increase in accessibility disparities. Instead, the accessibility effects of high-speed rail in Germany seem to break the traditional dichotomy between core and periphery.
Auch dauerhaft urban? Empirische Untersuchung kurz- und langfristiger Wohnumfeldwünsche junger Erwachsener als Beitrag zur Reurbanisierungsdebatte
Authors: Seyfarth Erik , Osterhage Frank , Scheiner Joachim
Published: November 2021

The residential migrations and housing preferences of young adults play a significant role in the context of the reurbanization debate. They are regularly identified as a main contributor group to reurbanization. In this context, students are of particular importance for many cities. However, the findings mainly refer to Generation Y (born circa 1980-2000). Regarding the subsequent Generation Z (“post-millennials”), less is known. One way to understand the dynamics and direction of possible changing housing environment desires is to ask young adults about how they would like to live after completing their education or later. This paper analyses the housing aspirations of a sample of spatial planning students in Dortmund. To understand the factors influencing housing desires a multinomial logit model is estimated. The main results show, firstly, that only very few students want to live urban in the long term, while almost half have rather suburban and small town preferences. A substantial share (28 percent) is even anti-urban. Second, these preferences are determined by the respondents housing experiences in childhood and adolescence, by intergenerational effects (parents housing preferences and mobility attitudes), by individual mobility attitudes, and by realized everyday mobility. With regard to future spatial development, it can be concluded that reurbanization can by no means be regarded as a self-propelling process.
Perbedaan Pengaruh Sevofluran dan Propofol Terhadap Kadar IL-6 dan Jumlah Neutrofil pada Operasi Kraniotomi
Authors: Priambodo Bhimo , Harahap Mohammad Sofyan , Nugroho Taufik Eko
Published: November 2021

Latar Belakang: Imunitas bawaan adalah lini pertahanan pertama dan mengacu pada mekanisme perlindungan yang ada bahkan sebelum adanya luka / infeksi. Komponen yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui perubahan imunitas antara lain sitokin (IL-6) dan neutrofil. Anestesi umum dapat diberikan dengan menggunakan anestesi inhalasi, obat intravena, atau sebagian besar sering kombinasi keduanya. Semua bentuk obat anestesi ini dapat mempengaruhi sistem kekebalan tubuh dan memberikan efek pada imunitas bawaan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh sevofluran dan propofol terhadap sistem imun dinilai dari kadar IL-6 dan neutrofil pada operasi bedah saraf.Metode: Dilakukan penelitian eksperimental terhadap 34 subjek (17 subjek kelompok sevofluran dan 17 subjek kelompok propofol) yang menjalani operasi kraniotomi yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Kelompok I (17 subjek) menggunakan sevofluran 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) dan kelompok II (17 subjek) menggunakan propofol maintenance infusion 100 μg/kg/menit. Dilakukan pengambilan sampel darah untuk pemeriksaan kadar IL-6 dan neutrofil saat sebelum operasi dan 2 jam setelah insisi operasi. Data dianalisa secara statistik menggunakan Wilcoxon dan Mann-Whitney test, dianggap bermakna bila p < 0,05.Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan penurunan kadar neutrofil pada kelompok sevofluran sebesar 0,02 ± 7,54 % dibanding kadar awal (berbeda tidak bermakna p= 0,205) sedangkan pada kelompok propofol didapatkan peningkatan kadar neutrofil sebesar 5,07 ± 7,01% dibanding kadar awal (berbeda bermakna p=0,002). Pada perbandingan selisih kedua kelompok didapatkan perbedaan kadar neutrofil yang bermakna (p=0,003). Kadar IL-6 pada kelompok sevofluran didapatkan peningkatan sebesar 4,86 ± 6,87 pg/ml dibanding kadar awal (berbeda bermakna p=0,017) dan pada kelompok propofol juga didapatkan peningkatan sebesar 15,87 ± 16,12 pg/ml dibanding kadar awal (berbeda bermakna p=<0,001). Pada perbandingan selisih kedua kelompok didapatkan perbedaan kadar IL-6 yang bermakna (p=0,009).Kesimpulan: Sevofluran lebih menurunkan kadar IL-6 dan jumlah neutrofil dibandingkan dengan propofol pada operasi kraniotomi.
Od współpracy miast do współpracy akademickiej – przykład Państwowego Uniwersytetu im. Pawła Tyczyny w Humaniu i Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu (Instytut Kultury Europejskiej UAM)
Authors: Jędraszczyk Katarzyna , Krywoszeja Igor
Published: November 2021

The article describes various aspects of academic cooperation between two universities: the Pav- lo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University (Ukraine) and the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (Poland), especially the AMU Institute of European Culture in Gniezno (formerly the Euro- pean College, Adam Mickiewicz University). The description of the scientific, cultural and teaching activities of both centers suggests a model of cooperation built on the basis of regular grassroots activity.
Informative and cultural space as a factor of modern formation of nation in Ukraine
Authors: Krasiwski Orest , Pidberezhnyk Nadiia
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes the challenges to the Ukrainian nation-building and national security of Ukraine in the informative and cultural sphere at the present stage. Consequently, the author high- lights the problems of linguistic self-identification of Ukrainians, the functioning of the informative and cultural space as well as its impact on the formation of Ukrainian national consciousness are highlighted. Also, the paper determines the threats in the information sphere in the context of Rus- sia’s hybrid war against Ukraine and examines the formation of national consciousness through the system of national and patriotic education in Ukraine. The priorities of the state language policy, state policy in the information sphere and national-patriotic education in Ukraine at the present stage are defined in order to ensure the formation of the Ukrainian national consciousness and the Ukrainian civil nation, countering the challenges to the national security of Ukraine.
O Polaku opisującym Włochy po francusku. Dzieło Bernarda Potok- kiego wznowione po 195 latach, rec. książki: Bernard Potocki, Voyage dans une partie de l’Italie
Authors: Kubacki Grzegorz
Published: November 2021

O Polaku opisującym Włochy po francusku. Dzieło Bernarda Potockiego wznowione po 195 latach, rec. książki: Bernard Potocki, Voyage dans une partie de l’Italie
Wpływ imigracji na współczesną Francję – reperkusje zjawiska, rec. książki: Ludwika Włodek, Gorsze dzieci Republiki. O Algierczykach we Francji
Authors: Najtkowski Bartłomiej
Published: November 2021

Wpływ imigracji na współczesną Francję – reperkusje zjawiska, rec. książki: Ludwika Włodek, Gorsze dzieci Republiki. O Algierczykach we Francji
The Impact of Mask Usage on COVID-19 Deaths: Evidence from US Counties Using a Quasi-Experimental Approach
Authors: Welsch David
Published: November 2021

I examine the relationship between mask usage and COVID-19 deaths at the county level. When examining this relationship, even the direction caused by the potential endogeneity bias is unclear. In one direction, characteristics that are known to correlate with a larger amount of potential COVID-19 deaths, such as an older population, may make people more likely to wear masks. This will cause a bias that makes mask usage look less effective than it truly is. In the other direction, areas with higher risk tolerances may have less mask usage, but may at the same time be engaging in other behavior that puts them at higher risk for contracting COVID-19. This will cause a bias that makes mask usage look more effective than it truly is. The identification approach exploits a large set of controls and employs percentage of vote for Donald Trump in the 2016 election as an instrumental variable for mask usage. The main finding is that a one percentage point increase in the number of individuals who say they often or frequently wear a mask when within six feet of people will reduce COVID-19 deaths in a county by 10.5%, or six deaths in the average county.
The Relationship between Classroom type (Single-Sex or Mixed-Sex) and the Academic Achievements in Mathematics among Students belonging to the National-Religious Society in Israel
Authors: Skital Ezri , Ţîru Laurenţiu-Gabriel
Published: November 2021

Many studies have indicated that single-sex classrooms promote female students’ self-confidence and achievement in various professions, including professions where their rate of employment is low, such as mathematics and other exact sciences. The purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between single-sex classrooms and math achievements among both female and male students. The study population included 608 students learning in the fifth-ninth grades, who attended state-religious schools in the southern region of Israel and came from families who had similar socioeconomic status. The students answered a short demographic questionnaire and their math teacher filled out each student’s score achieved in the regional math summative assessment. The findings showed no relationship between classroom type and boys’ achievement in mathematics, while a significant relationship was found between learning in single-sex classroom and higher math achievements among girls in elementary school. In middle school, however, no significant difference was found.
Tacking into the Wind: How Women Entrepreneurs can Sail Through Family-to-Work Conflict to Ensure their Firms’ Entrepreneurial Orientation
Authors: De Clercq Dirk , Kaciak Eugene , Thongpapanl Narongsak (Tek)
Published: November 2021

When women entrepreneurs experience family-to-work conflict, it may discourage them from adopting an entrepreneurial orientation, an effect mediated by work-related emotional exhaustion and moderated by both family-to-work enrichment and family support at home. According to survey data collected among women entrepreneurs in Ghana, negative interferences of family with work can steer women entrepreneurs away from adopting an entrepreneurial orientation for their company, largely because they feel emotionally overextended by their work. However, enrichment of their work, attained through family involvement, can buffer this detrimental effect. The buffering role of family-to-work enrichment in turn is particularly effective when women entrepreneurs receive help on household tasks from other family members. This study accordingly identifies a key mechanism by which family-induced work strain can hamper bold strategic actions by women entrepreneurs—because they feel emotionally drained at work—and details when this mechanism is less prominent, namely, in the presence of relevant family resources.
Gender, Identities, and Material Culture in the Italic Peninsula: Burial Practices and Loom Weights in Perspective
Authors: Esposito Arianna , Pollini Airton
Published: November 2021

This paper discusses the complex relationship between material culture and gender studies from a methodological point of view, with the aim of contributing to discussions in the field of Classical archaeology. First, we provide a few historiographical benchmarks for key epistemological developments, while evidencing the methodological difficulties inherent in the variability of our interpretations of burial practices and data. Then, in a second section, a case study focuses on simple objects of daily life. Discussing approaches inspired by gender studies, and considering the place of loom weights, we wish to tackle the presumption of textile work as an eminently female activity. The aim of this paper is to suggest a more nuanced and fluid approach to gender in relation to material culture.
The Lower Vistula and Its Ice Problems
Authors: Majewski Wojciech
Published: November 2021

In many countries of the northern hemisphere during winter period ice forms appear on various water bodies, which results in significant changes of physical, chemical and ecological conditions. These changes are different in rivers, channels, lakes or once-through reservoirs. On the terrain of Poland ice always caused considerable problems affecting intensive inland navigation and other river use. These problems appeared especially on the Vistula River, which in 17th and 18th century was one of the most navigable rivers in Europe. The Vistula is the largest Polish river, which flows from the south in the Carpathian Mountains to the Baltic Sea in the north. It is the second largest river, after Neva, of the Baltic Sea catchment. The length of the Vistula is 1047 km and its catchment amounts to 194 thousand km2. The predominant part of the Vistula river basin (87%) is now on Polish territory and the remaining (13%) catchment is in Belarus, Ukraine and Slovakia. The course of the Vistula can be divided into three distinctly different sections: upper, middle and lower. These river sections have appropriate catchments with their tributaries. There are hydraulic structures on the main river course and on its tributaries which serve navigation, hydroenergy, flood protection, water supply and recreation. All over the Vistula catchment there are frequent floods during spring and summer time resulting from excessive precipitation but in winter caused by ice phenomena. Numerous flow problems appear especially along the lower Vistula course because of ice phenomena and they result very often in severe flood problems. The Vistula has a very variable time and spatial discharge, because of existing climate conditions over its catchment.

The aim of the paper is to present hydraulic and hydrologic characteristics of the Lower Vistula river with special emphasis on the management of this river section for navigation, hydroenergy, flood protection and water supply in view of ice phenomena appearing there. Information concerning changes of water characteristics due to various water temperatures are presented as well as on the formation of various forms of ice in flowing water. Numerous ice studies were carried out in Poland and especially on the Lower Vistula section as it was very ice prone and where many ice jams and ice-jam floods occurred. A special hydraulic situation existed at the mouth of the Vistula, which caused important floods in the 18th century and resulted in the construction of a special direct channel to the sea (Przekop Wisły) solving flood problems in this area. Information is presented on changes in open channel flow due to the appearance of ice cover and other ice forms. The paper includes ample information on the run, consequences and studies connected with a very important ice-jam-flood on the upper part of Włocławek reservoir in 1982.
Failure analysis of simple overlap bonding joints and numerical investigation of the adhered tip geometry effect on the joint strength
Authors: Saraç İsmail
Published: November 2021

This study was carried out in two stages. In the first step, a numerical study was performed to verify the previous experimental study. In accordance with the previous experimental study data, single lap joints models were created using the ANSYS finite element analysis program. Then, nonlinear stress and failure analyses were performed by applying the failure loads obtained in the experimental study. The maximum stress theory was used to find finite element failure loads of the single lap joints models. As a result of the finite element analysis, an approximate 80 % agreement was found between experimental and numerical results. In the second step of the study, in order to increase the bond strength, different overlap end geometry models were produced and peel and shear stresses in the adhesive layer were compared according to the reference model. As a result of the analyses, significant strength increases were calculated according to the reference model. The strength increase in model 3 and model 5 was found to be 80 % and 67 %, respectively, relative to the reference model.
Multiresponsive carboxylated graphene oxide-grafted aptamer as a multifunctional nanocarrier for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics and bioactive compounds in cancer therapy
Authors: Yaghoubi Fatemeh , Naghib Seyed Morteza , Motlagh Najmeh Sadat Hosseini , Haghiralsadat Fateme , Jaliani Hossein Zarei , Tofighi Davood , Moradi Ali
Published: November 2021

To date, the use of nanocarriers has been developed in various fields, especially in cancer treatment. Graphene oxide (GO) is a novel drug delivery system that eagerly attracts the attention of many researchers due to its unique features. For the first time, a biocompatible AS1411 APT-GO-COOH was synthesized for the co-delivery of chemotherapeutics and herbal drugs. Here, a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS) was targeted with aptamer-carboxylated graphene oxide (APT-CGO) containing anticancer drugs (curcumin (CUR) and doxorubicin (DOX)). The current study aimed to assess the anti-cancer effect of combination therapy, as well as target genes and proteins interfering in the development of gastric cancer. After attachment of APT to CGO, the drugs (CUR and DOX) were loaded on the carrier, establishing a co-delivery system. Then, physical characteristics, release profile, cytotoxicity assay, cellular uptake, expression rates of the genes (RB1, CDK2, AKT, and NF-KB) and proteins (RB1, CDK2), and the apoptosis rate were determined. The designed co-delivery system for the drugs (CUR and DOX) and APT showed a thermo- and pH-sensitive drug release behavior that successfully reduced the expression of CDK2, AKT, and NF-KB while it enhanced RB1 expression at the gene and protein levels. Also, APT-CGO-drugs were successfully targeted to the AGS cell line, leading to a highly inhibitory property against this cell line compared to CGO-drugs. It seems that the co-delivery of CUR and DOX along with APT as a targeting agent was more effective than CGO-drugs, suggesting a promising candidate for the treatment of gastric cancer. The results showed that this biofunctionalized nanocarrier could reduce the cytotoxicity of the drugs in normal cells and could increase efficiency.
A method for the optimal design of low-density polymer foam core sandwiches using FEA and multiobjective optimization of design variables
Authors: Uzay Çağrı , Acer Durmuş Can , Geren Necdet
Published: November 2021

In this study, a generative method was introduced to determine the optimal design of low-density polymer foam core sandwiches using finite element analysis (FEA) and multi-objective optimization of design variables without needing experiments. The method was also assessed. The sandwich structures were designed based on woven plain carbon fiber fabrics, PVC foam core, and polymer epoxy matrix. The design variables are the core density (40, 48, 60 kg/m3) and the core thickness (16, 20, 25 mm). The sandwich configurations were subjected to FEA under the three-point bending (TPB) loads. The force-reaction curves obtained from FEA were compared to experimental data available in the literature. Excellent agreement was achieved between the experimental and FEA simulated results at the linear elastic region of the curves. Thus, it allowed predicting the bending stiffness of the sandwiches via TPB analysis. Besides, a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine the effects of parameters on sandwich mass and bending load capacity. Multi-objective optimization of design variables was also carried out according to the constructed mathematical models. The method provided in this study eases both designer’s and researcher’s work to obtain the optimal design variables without making costly experiments.
Diagnosis of Mechanical Properties with Instrumented Indentation Technique Using Multiple Pyramid Indenters
Authors: Okano Shigetaka , Mochizuki Masahito
Published: November 2021

This paper presents a semi-nondestructive method for diagnosing mechanical properties through an instrumented indentation technique using multiple pyramid indenters with different dihedral angles. In the developed method, an approximated true stress–true strain curve can be obtained from the plots of the representative stress–representative strain relation estimated for each of the four different pyramid indenters. A functional relation between the representative stress and the indentation load–depth curve was derived from dimension analysis using the π theorem. Then, specific values of constants in the functional equation were determined for each of the pyramid indenters using experimentally validated finite element analysis of the instrumented indentation test. Meanwhile, the representative strain levels were quantified according to the dihedral angle of the pyramid indenters. The developed method was applied to estimate the true stress–true strain curve of non- and prestrained steels. As a result, a small difference could be seen only in non-strained steel with Lüders strain, but the estimated results are nearly in agreement with those obtained by tensile tests. The approximated curves were also used to estimate yield stress and prestrain. The results showed that estimation accuracy of yield stress was better than that based on an empirical correlation with Vickers hardness, and the estimated values of prestrain were in good agreement with those actually introduced by tensile tests. It is expected that the developed multi-indenter method will become useful for semi-nondestructively diagnosing mechanical properties for steel.
Exploration of Measurement Methods of 3D In-Situ Stresses in Rock Masses
Authors: Lin Cui , Zou D.H. Steve , Sun Haoran
Published: November 2021

This paper gives an overview of the measurement methods for the 3D in-situ stresses. Rock masses in the Earth’s crust are stressed in a natural stress state, which has six components in three dimensions. They are called “in-situ stresses” or “field stresses” with three principal stress components. Reliable estimate of the in-situ stresses in the rock mass is essential and vital for proper planning and design, underground excavation, mineral resource exploitation and ground stability control in geotechnical, mining and petroleum engineering. The basic principles of the measurement methods, including overcoring, hydraulic fracturing, back analysis, borehole slotting, flat jack, geophysical, and borehole breakout, are introduced. The advantages and limitations are discussed and compared. Methods that measure borehole deformation and strains during overcoring appear most common and are the only methods for the complete 3D stresses. Other measurement methods generally provide results of the orientations and/or magnitudes of some components of the in-situ stresses, mostly the maximum and the minimum stresses in the plane perpendicular to the borehole. In some methods the vertical stress is assumed as a principal stress.
miR-514a-3p: a novel SHP-2 regulatory miRNA that modulates human cytotrophoblast proliferation
Authors: Quilang Rachel C , Lui Sylvia , Forbes Karen
Published: November 2021

Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2), encoded by the PTPN11 gene, forms a central component of multiple signalling pathways and is required for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-induced placental growth. Altered expression of SHP-2 is associated with aberrant placental and fetal growth indicating that drugs modulating SHP-2 expression may improve adverse pregnancy outcome associated with altered placental growth. We have previously demonstrated that placental PTPN11/SHP-2 expression is controlled by miRNAs. SHP-2 regulatory miRNAs may have therapeutic potential; however, the individual miRNA(s) that regulate SHP-2 expression in the placenta remain to be established. We performed in silico analysis of 3’UTR target prediction databases to identify libraries of Hela cells transfected with individual miRNA mimetics, enriched in potential SHP-2 regulatory miRNAs. Analysis of PTPN11 levels by quantitative (q) PCR revealed that miR-758-3p increased, while miR-514a-3p reduced PTPN11 expression. The expression of miR-514a-3p and miR-758-3p within the human placenta was confirmed by qPCR; miR-514a-3p (but not miR-758-3p) levels inversely correlated with PTPN11 expression. To assess the interaction between these miRNAs and PTPN11/SHP-2, specific mimetics were transfected into first-trimester human placental explants and then cultured for up to 4 days. Overexpression of miR-514a-3p, but not miR-758-3p, significantly reduced PTPN11 and SHP-2 expression. microRNA-ribonucleoprotein complex (miRNP)-associated mRNA assays confirmed that this interaction was direct. miR-514a-3p overexpression attenuated IGF-I-induced trophoblast proliferation (BrdU incorporation). miR-758-3p did not alter trophoblast proliferation. These data demonstrate that by modulating SHP-2 expression, miR-514a-3p is a novel regulator of IGF signalling and proliferation in the human placenta and may have therapeutic potential in pregnancies complicated by altered placental growth.
Effects of knife-incising and longitudinal kerfing pretreatments on high-temperature drying of red pine and pitch pine timbers
Authors: Lee Chang Jin , Eom Chang-Deuk
Published: November 2021

Effects of knife-incising and longitudinal kerfing pretreatments were analyzed relative to the high-temperature drying of red pine and pitch pine timbers with cross-sections less than 15 cm. Specimens were prepared as round and square timbers with thicknesses of 9, 12, and 15 cm. They were divided into four groups: control, longitudinal kerf, knife-incised, and a combination of knife-incised and longitudinal kerf. Some results from this study, such as commercial availability and application methods of drying schedules, have immense commercial importance. The incising and kerfing treatment can be used not only to improve drying quality but also as a tool for deriving an optimal drying schedule. The kerfing treatment noticeably reduced the surface checks in square timber. However, the incising treatment caused a phenomenon in which the incisions connect to each other and develop into surface checks. The wood characteristics, such as species, type, thickness, and initial MC, had more influence on determining the drying defects than the pretreatments. For the commercial use of the drying schedule used in this study, it can be useful to determine the appropriate drying time in the third step according to the species, thickness, and shape.
Latest Reports in Managing Acidic Sludge of Used Motor Oil Reprocessing Industries
Authors: Hassanpour Malek
Published: November 2021

Used Motor Oils Recycling (UMOR) can be fulfilled in different ways depending on the quality and quantity of the fresh oil and the quality of the collected UMO. The Acidic Sludge (AS) is a byproduct of UMOR with hazardous effects and impacts on the environment. It yields 0.15 of each barrel (220 liters) of UMOR operation. The valid and relevant databases were used to discover the latest reports in managing the AS of UMOR operation. The findings of the current review were oriented towards the physical-chemical backbone of AS and its industrial exploitation. The chemical structure of AS was highlighted by a glance view in the recent reports. To sum up, it was recommended to utilize this valuable byproduct in many industrial applications as an additive.
A Fermatean Fuzzy ELECTRE Method for Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making
Authors: Zhou Li-Ping , Wan Shu-Ping , Dong Jiu-Ying
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to develop a Fermatean fuzzy ELECTRE method for solving multi-criteria group decision-making problems with unknown weights of decision makers and incomplete weights of criteria. First, a new distance measure between Fermatean fuzzy sets is proposed based on the Jensen–Shannon divergence. The cross entropy for Fermatean fuzzy sets is defined. Three kinds of dominance relationships for Fermatean fuzzy sets are proposed. Then, two optimization models are constructed to obtain positive ideal decision-making information and negative ideal decision-making information, respectively. Accordingly, the credibility degree of each decision maker is calculated. Decision makers’ dynamic weights are determined by their credibility degrees. Besides, to obtain the weights of criteria, an optimization model is constructed based on grey relational analysis for Fermatean fuzzy numbers. Finally, the strong, medium and weak Fermatean fuzzy concordance and discordance sets are identified to construct the Fermatean fuzzy concordance and discordance matrices, respectively. A practical case study is carried out to illustrate the feasibility and applicability of the proposed ELECTRE method. Comparative analyses are performed to demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed ELECTRE method.
De la percepción a la pronunciación: la enseñanza de las consonantes retroflejas del chino mandarín a hispanohablantes
Authors: Rodríguez-Fandiño Juliana , Tejada-Sánchez Isabel
Published: November 2021

Este estudio se enfoca en comprender los aspectos necesarios para enseñar la percepción y pronunciación de cuatro consonantes retroflejas del chino mandarín a un público hispanohablante. A través de una intervención pedagógica diseñada para la percepción y la producción de dichas consonantes en segmentos fonéticos aislados y contextualizados, estudiantes de chino pertenecientes a distintos niveles fueron orientados hacia la concientización fonológica y en el entrenamiento perceptivo sobre las retroflejas. De este estudio se desprenden cuatro reflexiones orientadas hacia el diseño de intervenciones focalizadas en la pronunciación: la promoción del reconocimiento, el uso de un modelo interactivo de enseñanza y aprendizaje de lenguas, la guía de la percepción a través de realimentación personalizada y la focalización en las etapas iniciales de aprendizaje. Las implicaciones pedagógicas de este estudio resaltan la necesidad de incorporar, con mayor fervor, prácticas de entrenamiento perceptivo en las clases de lengua extranjera.
Ineffable limits of weakly compact cardinals and similar results
Authors: Cárdenas Franqui
Published: November 2021

It is proved that if an uncountable cardinal κ has an ineffable subset of weakly compact cardinals, then κ is a weakly compact cardinal, and if κ has an ineffable subset of Ramsey (Rowbottom, Jónsson, ineffable or subtle) cardinals, then κ is a Ramsey (Rowbottom, J\'onsson, ineffable or subtle) cardinal.
Ser docente de ciencias de la salud en la Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Osorio-Ramírez Amantina , Gómez-Gómez Margarita María , Alzate-Yepes Teresita , Giraldo-Mejía Gloria Eugenia , Salazar-Blanco Olga Francisca
Published: November 2021

Introducción. Estudiar la identidad de los docentes universitarios contribuye a la comprensión de su vida profesional, ya que estos proyectan su desarrollo personal y profesional en su labor, así como su compromiso con el cambio o mejoramiento educativo sobre la base del concepto que construyen de sí mismos y de su profesión.
Objetivo. Reconocer los significados de ser docente de ciencias de la salud de la Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio cualitativo, basado en el interaccionismo simbólico, llevado a cabo entre 2016 y 2019. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 73 docentes vinculados por más de cinco años en los programas de ciencias de la salud de la Universidad de Antioquia. Los datos se analizaron de forma inductiva y fueron comparados entre sí hasta lograr un cuadro explicativo que permitiera abordar al objetivo del trabajo.
Resultados. El significado de ser docente de ciencias de la salud en la Universidad de Antioquia quedó expresado así: 1) ser un formador, al concebirse como académicos y pedagogos; 2) ser ético: ser un orientador-acompañante crítico y amoroso que genera vínculos con responsabilidad social, y 3) ser acogedor: ser un modelo a seguir en lo que respecta a relaciones sociales, y demostrar satisfacción con su ejercicio docente.
Conclusión. Los participantes conciben la enseñanza como una forma de contribuir al desarrollo del pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes y se definen como facilitadores de su proceso de aprendizaje; además, tienen un interés común: ser orientadores, acompañadores y facilitadores en dicho proceso para que los estudiantes adquieran herramientas que les permitan lograr un apropiado desarrollo personal y profesional en las dimensiones afectiva, social y de proyecto de vida.
Effect of immune drugs to treat acute viral nasopharyngitis
Authors: Bezrukova E. V. , Vorobeychikov E. V. , Konusova V. G. , Sosunov A. V. , Shamtsyan M. M. , Artyushkin S. A. , Simbirtsev A. S.
Published: November 2021

The task in treating acute nasopharyngitis (ANP) deals with reducing the disease symptoms and the risk of complications. The lack of reliable antiviral drugs makes it important to search for appropriate medicines among other pharmacotherapeutic groups.

The study involves a comparative analysis of the efficiency and estimates potential: the recombinant interferon α2b and the compound containing fungal β-D-glucans used in treat ANP

The studies involved patients with ANP from 18 to 55 years old. As many as 152 people were examined including the following: 38 were practically healthy people (group 1); and 114 patients wuth ANP: 38 people (group 2) was subject to a standard therapy (vasoconstrictor nasal drops, nasal cavity irrigation using 0.1% Miramistine solution, gargling using the Furacilin solution); forty people (group 3) were administered application of intranasal interferon α2b of 105IU, it was delivered with a spray into each nasal passage twice a day; 36 people (group 4) were administered an immunotropic drug containing β-D-glucans orally twice a day. The duration of drug administration lasted 7 days. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the ANP etiological factor. Concentrations of cytokines IL-1β, IL-1ra were estimated using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) technique. Clinical efficiency was assessed through score approach. The following symptoms were taken into account: general malaise, sore throat, character of nasal discharge, and the difficulty of nasal breathing. The results of the study were analyzed using parametric and nonparametric statistical methods. In 60.0% the nasal secretions of patients revealed RV. The distribution of cytokine concentrations in nasal secretions in group 1 indicated that the concentration of IL-1β was in the range of 20.0-25.0 pg/ml, and the concentration of IL-1ra was about 1250.0-2500.0 pg/ml. Developing ANP stimulated an increase in IL-1β concentration up to 30.0-70.0 pg/ml in nasal secretions of patients without affecting IL-1ra concentrations. On day 7 of treatment, the cytokine concentrations among the patients treated using the immunotropic drugs were the same as in the group of healthy individuals. There were no significant changes in cytokine production on day 7 in the group of patients undergoing the standard treatment. Application of proposed immunobiological medicines to ANP does not result in overproduction of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in nasal secretion. This confirms that these drugs are promising in the treating strategy including reduction of the risk of developing complications.
Immunobiological properties of granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor and synthetic peptides of his active center
Authors: Zurochka A. V. , Zurochka V. A. , Dobrynina M. A. , Gritsenko V. A.
Published: November 2021

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) belongs to the group of growth cytokines (hematopoietins) that regulate proliferation and differentiation of myeloid lineage cells. Recently, a lot of new data have accumulated, indicating the presence of a number of previously unknown biological effects in GM-CSF and synthetic peptides of its active center, which open up new prospects for their wide clinical use.

The review outlines current understanding of the structure, functions, and mechanisms of GM-CSF action and concerns the structure of its receptor. The GM-CSF producer cells are characterized, as well as target cells (effector cells) responding to this cytokine are also presented. The known mechanisms of intracellular signaling involved into the GM-CSF/receptor interaction are described. The main pleiotropic effects of this cytokine as a factor of hematopoiesis and an immunostimulating agent are characterized. The previously known and recently found immunobiological effects of this cytokine, its recombinant forms and synthetic analogues of its active center are discussed.

Participation of GM-CSF in hematopoiesis and differentiation of myeloid cells, the effects of this cytokine on the functional activity of immunocompetent populations (lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells) and tissue cells were characterized. The influence of GM-CSF on the development and course of infectious and inflammatory processes, its role in the creation of combined vaccines is reviewed. Clinical data on usage of GM-CSF and its recombinant forms in hematology, immunology, oncology, reproductive medicine and in the treatment of systemic autoimmune processes and infectious diseases are presented.

The recently discovered immunobiological properties of synthetic peptides derived from active center of GM-CSF are summarized, indicating that they exhibit immunotropic and hematopoietic effects, as well as antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, viruses, and tissue repair (effect on the rate of wound healing), which is not typical to the whole GM-CSF molecule. We discuss the prospects for clinical applications of synthetic GM-CSF analogue (ZP2 peptide), and an opportunity of creating new cosmetics and pharmaceuticals with combined immunostimulating, antimicrobial and reparative properties on its basis.

The review expands the view on potential usage of cytokine therapy in the treatment of various infectious and non-infectious diseases in humans, and is addressing a wide range of specialists working in the field of allergology and immunology, infectology and regenerative medicine.
Profesinis tobulėjimas ar kvalifikacijos kėlimas: ką rodo šių sąvokų vartojimas?
Authors: Mičiulienė Rita , Brandišauskienė Agnė
Published: November 2021

Straipsnyje pateikiami sąvokų profesinis tobulinimas, tobulinimasis ir tobulėjimas paaiškinimai, atskiriant jų sinonimišką vartojimą. Teigiama, kad profesinis tobulinimas turėtų būti suprantamas kaip iš išorės kylančios galimybės, tobulinimasis – kaip tų galimybių pasirinkimai, o tobulėjimas rodo šių procesų pasekmę – profesinį, asmeninį kismą, augimą. Svarstant Lietuvos mokytojų profesinio tobulinimo(si) veiksmingumą, remiamasi užsienyje ir mūsų šalyje atliktais empiriniais tyrimais.
Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness of waste-filled composite at milling
Authors: Ozsoy Murat , Ozsoy Neslihan , Kılıç Cumhur , Akıncı Akın
Published: November 2021

Industrial waste is a problem for companies as well as for the environment. In recent years, an alternative solution to this problem has been found – the use of waste in the production of new composite materials. It is not enough to produce only the composite. The machinability of the composite produced should also be investigated. This study obtained the new composite material using industrial waste produced by glass fibre-reinforced plastic pipes. The terephthalic resin was used as a matrix material. The waste powder was used as a filling material in the ratio of 30, 40 and 50% by weight compared to the matrix material. The machinability of produced composites was investigated according to three parameters with three levels. According to the experimental results, the optimum cutting parameters are obtained, depending on surface roughness.
A Honvéd Határőrség hivatásos állományának eltávolítása az ÁVH Határőrség szervezetéből
Authors: Fórizs Sándor
Published: November 2021

A Honvéd Határőrség 1950. január elsejével az Államvédelmi Hatóság Határőrség szervezetébe került a Magyar Honvédségtől. A szerző levéltári kutatások alapján bemutatja, hogy az átszervezés során rövid időn belül eltávolították a hivatásos állomány jelentős részét, kiemelten a vezetés területén dolgozókat. A tanulmányból az olvasó megismerheti az elbocsájtások részletes adatait, a személyi állomány pótlásának módszereit, a régi és az új állomány szociális összetételét.
Kaukázusi Emirátus (Imarat Kavkaz) - az Észak-Kaukázus ISIS-e
Authors: Gerencsér Árpád , Siposné Kecskeméthy Klára
Published: November 2021

Manapság egyre kevesebbet hallani a Kaukázusi Emirátusról, illetve provinciájáról az Észak-Kaukázusról. A Kaukázusi Emirátus ideológiája a 19. századi orosz hódítások idejéből eredeztethető, amely a függetlenség visszaszerzéséről szólt, a modern felfogás pedig a dzsihád kiterjesztéséről és a szélsőséges irányzatok terjesztéséről szól. A Kaukázus az a hely, ahol a folyamatok nem illenek bele a globális trendekbe, ahol sajátos megjelenési formáik vannak. A Kaukázusi Emirátus jelentősége hihetetlen, ha azt vesszük alapul, hogy egy olyan szervezetre, mint az Iszlám Állam is hatással volt. A Kaukázusi Emirátus fejlődése, evolúciója tökéletesen megmutatta a gyengülő államhatalom okozta vákuumban keletkező szervezetek felemelkedését, területi igényeit és állami berendezkedésre való törekvésüket. A Kaukázusi Emirátus elleni harc tanulságos minden belügyi szervezetnek, mivel az orosz belügyi és katonai erők teljesen új módszereket tanultak, és ezeket sikeresen alkalmazták az Iszlám Állam elleni műveletekben Szíriában is. Az orosz biztonsági erők fellépése, szervezettsége, adaptációs képessége megroppantotta a Kaukázusi Emirátust. Az elemzésben a Kaukázusi Emirátus bemutatása és vizsgálata a célunk, a vele szemben adott biztonsági válaszok tanulságosak minden ország számára.