bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protein remote homology recognition using local and global structural sequence alignment
Authors: Nakshathram Sajithra , Duraisamy Ramyachitra
Published: July 2022

Protein Remote Homology and fold Recognition (PRHR) is the most crucial task to predict the protein patterns. To achieve this task, Sequence-Order Frequency Matrix-Sampling and Deep learning with Smith-Waterman (SOFM-SDSW) were designed using large-scale Protein Sequences (PSs), which take more time to determine the high-dimensional attributes. Also, it was ineffective since the SW was only applied for local alignment, which cannot find the most matches between the PSs. Hence, in this manuscript, a rapid semi-global alignment algorithm called SOFM-SD-GlobalSW (SOFM-SDGSW) is proposed that facilitates the affine-gap scoring and uses sequence similarity to align the PSs. The major aim of this paper is to enhance the alignment of SW algorithm in both locally and globally for PRHR. In this algorithm, the Maximal Exact Matches (MEMs) are initially obtained by the bit-level parallelism rather than to align the individual characters. After that, a subgroup of MEMs is obtained to determine the global Alignment Score (AS) using the new adaptive programming scheme. Also, the SW local alignment scheme is used to determine the local AS. Then, both local and global ASs are combined to produce a final AS. Further, this resultant AS is considered to train the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to recognize the PRH and folds. Finally, the test results reveal the SOFM-SDGSW algorithm on SCOP 1.53, SCOP 1.67 and Superfamily databases attains an ROC of 0.97, 0.941 and 0.938, respectively, as well as, an ROC50 of 0.819, 0.846 and 0.86, respectively compared to the conventional PRHR algorithms.
RETRACTED: A welding defect detection model based on a shape-aware network
Authors: Shi Lukui , Zu Haoran , Tai Jikai , Niu Weifei
Published: July 2022

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
TODIM method based on the CRITIC method for multi-attribute group decision making with dual probabilistic linguistic information
Authors: Wang Zeyuan , Wei Guiwu , Guo Yanfeng
Published: July 2022

The main research of this paper is decision making under the dual probabilistic linguistic term sets (DPLTSs). This paper introduces a method, which combined TODIM method and CRITIC method. In this research, the CRITIC method is used to determine the weight, and the distance formula of TODIM method has been modified in order to adapt to DPLTS situation. Then, the TODIM method is used for multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problem. Finally, a case study concerning investment project selection is given to demonstrate the merits of the developed methods. This combined method can be used for the automatic areal feature matching, medical quality assessment, and ranking of matching processes. There are very few papers about using TODIM method under DPLTS situation at present, so this is a new perspective on MAGDM. The DPLTS-TODIM-CRITIC method was compared with correlation coefficient method and closeness coefficient method, and it is easy to find the advantage of this new method over the other two existing methods.
Inflammasome Activation in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Jewell Shannon , Herath Ashane M. , Gordon Richard
Published: July 2022

Chronic sterile inflammation and persistent immune activation is a prominent pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Inflammasomes are multi-protein intracellular signaling complexes which orchestrate inflammatory responses in immune cells to a diverse range of pathogens and host-derived signals. Widespread inflammasome activation is evident in PD patients at the sites of dopaminergic degeneration as well as in blood samples and mucosal biopsies. Inflammasome activation in the nigrostriatal system is also a common pathological feature in both neurotoxicant and α-synuclein models of PD where dopaminergic degeneration occurs through distinct mechanisms. The NLRP3 (NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3) inflammasome has been shown to be the primary driver of inflammatory neurotoxicity in PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Chronic NLRP3 inflammasome activation is triggered by pathogenic misfolded α-synuclein aggregates which accumulate and spread over the disease course in PD. Converging lines of evidence suggest that blocking inflammasome activation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for disease modification, with both NLRP3 knockout mice and CNS-permeable pharmacological inhibitors providing robust neuroprotection in multiple PD models. This review summarizes the current evidence and knowledge gaps around inflammasome activation in PD, the pathological mechanisms by which persistent inflammasome activation can drive dopaminergic degeneration and the therapeutic opportunities for disease modification using NLRP3 inhibitors.
Decreased access to therapeutic services for children with disabilities during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders in Western Pennsylvania
Authors: Levin-Decanini Tal , Henderson Cynterria , Mistry Sejal , Dwarakanath Namita , Ray Kristin , Miller Elizabeth , Houtrow Amy
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE: Assess the effects of stay-at-home orders on access to services utilized by families of children with disabilities (CWD). METHODS: Cross-sectional weekly surveys were fielded over four weeks, during which western Pennsylvania was under stay-at-home orders. Respondents were divided into families of CWD (N = 233) or without CWD (N = 1582). Survey questions included measures of socio-economic status, and families of CWD answered questions regarding access to services pre and post-initiation of stay-at-home orders. Differences between families with and without CWD were analyzed using chi-square tests. RESULTS: Among families of CWD that had used services previously, 76.6% of survey respondents stated that they had decreased access, with the greatest percentage experiencing loss among those previously utilizing early intervention (75.5%), outpatient therapies (69.1%), or school-based therapies (80.7%). Compared to families without CWD, families of CWD were more likely to report lower pre-COVID-19 annual incomes (p < 0.001), job or income loss related to COVID-19 (p < 0.001), and higher levels of perceived stress (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: CWD experienced loss of services during stay-at-home orders implemented as COVID-19 mitigation measures. Due to decreased access to needed services, CWD may be at risk of medical complications and loss of developmental progress.
Hubungan Ilmu dan Agama dalam Perspektif Imam Al-Ghazali
Authors: Sari Maula , Marhaban
Published: July 2022

In this study, the author explains how the relationship between science and religion from a fiqh expert, philosopher, and Sufi, namely Imam Al-Ghazali, is of course very important to study. The urgency or purpose of this discussion is to study the division of knowledge according to Al-Ghazali and see the spiritual development of an Imam Al-Ghazali. This paper is expected to make it easier for readers related to science and religion according to Imam Al-Ghazali and a bridge to understand the relationship between science, knowledge and religion according to Imam Al-Ghazali. The research used in this study is a literature study (liberary research) with a descriptive qualitative approach. The result of this discussion is that al-Ghazali's spiritual development is divided into three, namely before uzlah, during uzlah, and after uzlah. In his thinking al-Ghazali did not distinguish between knowledge and knowledge, both are the same. Therefore, al-Ghazali's concept is personal that the relationship between creator and creature is never united, only the closeness of creature and creator through piety. Al-Ghazali's religion and science are both objects that can be studied or studied and do not conflict with each other.
Formation of professional readiness of future informatics teachers for using artificial intelligence technologies
Authors: Rozov K. V.
Published: July 2022

The article presents the organizational and pedagogical conditions for training future informatics teachers for using modern artificial intelligence technologies. Their implementation made it possible to modernize the process of mastering artificial intelligence technologies by students through changing the content of the academic discipline, aimed at developing the skills and ideas of the future informatics teacher in the field of artificial intelligence, ensuring the inclusion in the educational process of creating individual learning trajectories. Criteria as well as evaluation and diagnostic tools for determining the level of professional readiness are given. The main results of experimental work on approbation of organizational and pedagogical conditions through the implementation of the author’s experimental practice-oriented course “Artificial intelligence technologies”, introduced into the educational process of Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, are presented. The experiment involved 127 bachelor students of the 3rd and 4th years of the directions 44.03.01 “Pedagogical education” and 44.03.05 “Pedagogical education (with two training profiles)”, profiles: “Informatics and Information and Communication Technologies”, “Informatics and Information and Communication Technologies and Economic Education”, “Mathematics and Informatics”, “Physics and Informatics”. The experiment was conducted from 2018 to 2021 (4 academic years) and showed the effectiveness of using the identified organizational and pedagogical conditions for the professional training of future informatics teachers in the use of artificial intelligence technologies. The results of the study may be of interest to university teachers who provide professional training for students of non-core specialties in the field of artificial intelligence, and researchers studying the issues of professional training of teachers in the application of artificial intelligence technologies in education.
Valor de marca Café.
Authors: Quinde Sari Freddy Richard , Cahuasquí Cevallos Edwin Marcelo
Published: July 2022

El valor de marca, se consolida como influyente, respetable y comercial desde lo funcional y emocional, esta investigación tiene como objetivo discutir la complejidad de lo que representa la marca desde el aspecto cognitivo y la convicción del consumidor de café de Imbabura y Carchi. Para abordara la temática de la cognición y convicción fue necesario desarrollar un enfoque cuantitativo.

El ejercicio estadístico realizado admite la hipótesis alternativa: los índices de convicción (calidad e imagen) se relacionan positiva y significativamente con los índices de cognición (notoriedad y lealtad) logrando explicar las razones por la cuales cada una de las marcas estudiadas obtienen su posición en el ranking de valor de marca (Brand Equity). Así, el mercado de Carchi e Imbabura está liderado por Nescafé, seguido de Si Café, Minerva, Juan Valdez y Oro. Estas 5 empresas aprovechan el escenario perceptivo que dejan planteado 12 marcas de café, determinando un escenario complejo entre la imagen percibida de calidad y la lealtad del consumidor. Nescafé, cuenta con índices proporcionales de valor de marca al igual que Si Café y Minerva, mientras que el valor de marca logrado por Juan Valdez hace hincapié en la percepción de imagen y calidad. Se concluye que los gustos, necesidades y preferencias de los consumidores encuestados muestran que la conducta de compra de café luego de la influencia externa del esfuerzo de marketing tiene la ruta de cognición, imagen para aceptar convicción. Por tanto, la importancia de fortalecer los índices cognitivos y de convicción, se concentran en la construcción de un valor de marca que, a su vez también repercuta en la creación del valor del producto como clave del éxito comercial en este mercado.
Recongelación de espermatozoides bovinos como alternativa para mejorar la calidad espermática de semen
Authors: Mancheno Herrera Carlos Andrés , Andino Nájer Pablo Rigoberto
Published: July 2022

El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la recongelación de espermatozoides bovinos sobre la calidad espermática de semen descongelado. Para esto se realizó la descongelación del semen en agua a 56 oC durante 12 segundos para simular una agresión seminal máxima, el contenido de las pajillas se vertió en tubos de ensayo para mantenerlos atemperados a 37 oC e incubarlos con 5 ml del medio Tyrode durante 15 minutos. Transcurrido este tiempo se realizó el análisis microscópico del semen, se realizaron dos centrifugaciones 300 rpm/5minutos - 800 rpm/10 minutos y se determinó la concentración espermática con la ayuda de un contador digital de células para diluir el semen; la estabilización y acondicionamiento de los espermatozoides se la realizó a temperatura ambiente (14 – 20 oC) durante 45 minutos y bajo luz ultravioleta, posteriormente se procedió al envasado y sellado de las pajillas usando pajillas de 0.5 ml y alcohol polivinílico para sellarlas. Se realizaron las curvas de temperatura y finalmente la recongelación en vapores de nitrógeno. Para la comprobación de hipótesis se utilizaron las técnicas de análisis de ADEVA (Análisis de Varianza) y separación de medidas por el método del rango múltiple de Waller Duncan a un nivel de significancia p<0,01. Se determinó así, que en los parámetros evaluados el semen recongelado mostró mejores resultados como en el daño de ADN en donde se determinó que el semen recongelado presentó un menor daño con un 1,07 % a diferencia del semen congelado el cual presentó un 8,74% de daño. Al analizar las diferentes variables de semen recongelado se determinó que el efecto de esta biotecnología es positivo en variables como el daño en el ADN y daño en la membrana espermática, teniendo valores inferiores a los reportados en semen congelado; lo que indica que al recongelar espermatozoides la calidad espermática mejora especialmente en las variables mencionadas. Se recomienda utilizar espermatozoides recongelados en biotecnologías reproductivas como la Fertilización In Vitro.
Prevalencia de tuberculosis bovina (TBB) (Mycobacterium spp.) y factores de riesgo asociados, en la provincia del Carchi
Authors: Acosta Benavides Jessenia Estefanía , Palacios Obando Karina Marisol , Ibarra Rosero Edison Marcelo , López Cevallos Evelyn Nathaly
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo científico tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de Tuberculosis Bovina (TBB) (Mycobacterium spp.) y factores de riesgo asociados en la provincia del Carchi. Para este proceso se consideró 2002 bovinos mayores a seis meses de edad, pertenecientes a 218 UPAs. La metodología empleada constó de tres etapas, la primera de socialización, la segunda de diagnóstico, para la cual se utilizó pruebas tuberculínicas, como es el caso de la prueba ano--caudal simple y la prueba cervical comparativa como confirmatoria. Para determinar los factores de riesgo se levantó información a través de una entrevista aplicada a cada propietario de las UPAs. Para el análisis de las variables en estudio se determinó la prevalencia de la enfermedad a nivel de UPAs y de animales, además se aplicó la prueba de chi cuadrado de Pearson para identificar los factores de riesgo. De los resultados el 66,06% de las UPAs corresponden a pequeños productores, la prevalencia de tuberculosis bovina en la provincia del Carchi en UPAs es de 10,55%, mientras que la prevalencia en animales es de 1,20%. La prevalencia a nivel cantonal es de: Huaca 18,52% a nivel de UPAs, en animales 2,24%; le sigue el cantón Montufar con 15,91% en UPAs y en bovinos 1,64%; el cantón Tulcán 14,49% en UPAs y en bovinos 1,28%; el cantón Mira 3,70% en UPAs y en animales reactores 0,93%; los cantones Bolívar y Espejo muestran una prevalencia de 0% tanto en UPAs como bovinos reactores. Los factores de riesgo que se asociaron a la tuberculosis bovina en la provincia son: número de animales por UPA y desconocimiento de la enfermedad. No fueron considerados como factores de riesgo la presencia de otras especies, y procedencia de animales de reemplazo.
ЯКУ ПРИГОДУ ОБИРАЮТЬ СЬОГОДНІ? КНИГИ-ІГРИ: ЕВОЛЮЦІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК
Authors: ПОЖАРИЦЬКА Олена
Published: July 2022

Попри велику кількість статей, присвячених різним жанрам і видам художньої літератури, а також їх еволюційному розвитку, книги-ігри становлять нову область дослідження, що закликає до уваги, але поки що є досить мало вивченою, що пояснює як актуальність, так і новизну даної роботи. Метою нашої розвідки є розкриття витоків книг-ігор та виявлення основних мовних та структурних відмінностей між книгами-іграми, виданими в XXI столітті, і тими, що сягають двадцяти років тому. З точки зору методів дослідження, представлена робота здійснюється в рамках антропоцентричної парадигми та розглядає феномен книг-ігор крізь призму людини як користувача мови. Тексти досліджувалися згідно з філософськими законами єдності форми та змісту з використанням індукції, дедукції, контекстного та інтерпретаційного аналізу, квалітативно-квантитативного методу та окремих елементів діахронічного та порівняльного аналізу. За результатами нашого дослідження зроблено наступні висновки. Подані з тими самими сюжетними лініями, «нові» видання тих самих книг-ігор мають вербальні та невербальні відмінності від своїх «старих» копій. У той час як останні подають зображення в основному як допоміжний матеріал, новіші видання мають тенденцію до мультимодальності, наводячи інформацію, важливу для розвитку нарративу, у малюнках, які імітують листи або функціонують як підказки в історії та не спираються на будь-які інші вербальні елементи в тексті, що б додатково згадували чи описували них. «Оновлені» книги-ігри, як правило, звучать більш демократично, з точки зору вибору слів, і демонструють більше політкоректності та менше технічних деталей обладнання чи зброї. Книги-ігри зазнали загального вербального розширення, хоча кількість «вузлових» моментів збереглася незмінною, що свідчить про високий рівень інтерактивності нелінійного нарративу в книгах-іграх, що є достатнім для художньої літератури ХХІ століття. Найяскравішою відмінністю книг, розділених майже 20 роками у часі, є зростання обсягу діалогів у сучасних виданнях. Попри те, що діалоги все ще менш популярні, ніж авторський нарратив (як загалом характерно для книг-ігор), діалоги роблять сучасні історії більш інтерактивними та розважальними для читачів і пропонують їм більш реалістичні враження.
ПРОЦЕС НАЙМЕНУВАННЯ ТА ПЕРЕДБАЧУВАНОСТІ ЗНАЧЕННЯ В ПРОЦЕСІ МОВНОЇ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ
Authors: ЯКОВЛЮК Христина
Published: July 2022

Мовна продуктивність і її продукти, а також процес найменування – це насправді складні явища, які потребують детального вивчення. Характер та характеристики певного екземпляра лінгвістичної продуктивності та його продуктів фактично визначаються комбінацією абсолюто різних чинників. Метою даного дослідження є визначення рівня передбачуваності значення нових одиниць найменування за умов їх контекстно-вільної інтерпретації. Передбачуваність значення визначається у свідношенні всіх можливих значень нової одиниці мови, зокрема, як ступінь ймовірності того, що конкретне значення одиниці найменування, яку користувач мови зустрічає вперше , буде вважатися переважаючою по відношенню до інших можливих значень цієї одиниці. Таким чином, увага зосереджена на активній комунікації користувачів мови. Чим більше відомо про джерела та процеси передбачуваності значення, тим простішим стає процес розуміння та сприйняття нової лексики, а також її використанням загалом. Наукова новизна данного дослідження полягає в тому, що темі передбачуваності найменування все ще не наділено належної уваги, а тому представляє собою широку сферу актуальних досліджень. Вивчення ономасіологічної значимості та явища закріпленості також є відносно новим, і існує ряд відкритих питань, які є важливими в контексті подальшого розвитку галузі. Методологія. Основними лінгвістичними методами дослідження є: описовий, порівняльний та нормативно- стилістичний. Практична значущість дослідження полягає в доведенні, що в межах кількох можливих трактувань нова одиниця найменування завжди придумується з одним конкретним значенням, яке в подальшому стає найкращим варіантом для інтерпретації цієї одиниці найменування з точки зору слухача/читача. Таким чином, передбачуваність значень визначається стосовно всіх можливих значень нової одиниці найменування, зокрема, як ступінь ймовірності того, що конкретне значення одиниці найменування, з яким користувач мови зустрічається вперше, буде мати перевагу перед іншими можливими значеннями цієї одиниці найменування.
Internationalization of Sales Marketing of Agricultural Enterprises in the Conditions of Developed Informatization
Authors: Lorvi Iryna , Deineha Inna , Danilova et. al. Liudmyla
Published: July 2022

The complexity and instability of the marketing environment in which domestic enterprises operate, threats and challenges associated with the complex geopolitical situation, and the variability of the world economy force entrepreneurs to seek new areas and promising areas of development not only in national but also in international markets using all available tools. The article aims to develop a recommendation for the internationalization of marketing sales of agricultural enterprises using information tools. Due to the peculiarities of the agricultural sector, the authors conducted a preliminary analysis, which showed that although the structure is dominated by small enterprises with an area of up to 100 hectares (from 50% to almost 80% of the structure), still the total production falls on medium and large enterprises. Thus, the recommendations are primarily designed for such agricultural enterprises. To achieve this goal, the authors analyzed the features of agricultural enterprises and their impact on marketing and informatization and explored the characteristics of modern business digitalization. The authors used both general and special research methods; the study is based on a system-logical approach. The primary materials of the study are the reporting of agricultural enterprises, industry reports and the official world and Ukrainian statistics. All of this allowed to propose a mechanism for internationalization of marketing of agricultural enterprises and highlight the features of the use of digitalization and digitization for it.
SSDT: Distance Tracking Model Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Gupta Chhaya , Singh Gill Nasib , Gulia Preeti
Published: July 2022

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and population vulnerability increased all over the world due to lack of effective remedial measures. Nowadays vaccines are available; but in India, only 18.8% population has been fully vaccinated till now. Therefore, social distancing is only precautionary norm to avoid the spreading of this deadly virus. The risk of virus spread can be avoided by adhering to this norm. The main objective of this work is to provide a framework for tracking social distancing violations among people. This paper proposes a deep learning platform-based Smart Social Distancing Tracker (SSDT) model which is trained on MOT (Multiple Object Tracking) datasets. The proposed model is a hybrid approach that is a combination of YOLOv4 as object detection model merged with MF-SORT, Kalman Filter and brute force feature matching technique to distinguish people from background and provide a bounding box around these. Further, the results are also compared with another model, namely, Faster- RCNN in terms of FPS (frames per second), mAP(mean Average Precision) and training time over the dataset. The results show that the proposed model provides better and more balanced results. The experiment has been carried out in challenging conditions including, occlusion and under lighting variations with mAP of 97% and a real-time speed of 24 fps. The datasets provide numerous classes and from all the classes of objects, only people class has been used for identifying people in a closet. The ultimate goal of the model is to provide a tracking solution that will be helpful for different authorities to redesigning the layout of public places and reducing the risk. This model is also helpful in computing the distance between two people in an image and the results confirm that the proposed model successfully distinguishes between individuals who walk too close or breach the social distancing norms.
Improved control for DFIG based wind power system under voltage dips using ADRC optimized by genetic algorithms
Authors: Elmouhi Noureddine , Essadki Ahmed , Elaimani Hind
Published: July 2022

Many countries have focused on the study of the electrical energy production using wind generators. These studies include maintaining the production under disturbed conditions at the grid connection point of wind farms, and maintaining production during voltage dips. Electrical grid operators have established different requirements for connecting renewable energy production systems to electrical grids. In this research paper, we are interested in the study of the wind power system based on the Doubly Fed Induction Generator during a voltage dip. We are also developing a control approach based on Active Disturbance Rejection Control and Genetic Algorithms, which aims to control the stator flux variations which should be taken into account during the current controllers computing. This control strategy will allow the wind power system to remain connected to the grid under voltage dips, and to resume the normal operation after the fault disappearance. The model of the wind power system and the proposed control strategy, are tested in the MATLAB-Simulink software.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ГЕОІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ДЛЯ СПОСТЕРЕЖЕННЯ ЗА ЛІСОВИМ ПОКРИВОМ
Authors: Мельник А.А. , Ячнюк М.О.
Published: July 2022

Метою роботи є дослідження просторово-часових особливостей лісових ресурсів засобами ГІС-технологій території Селятинської територіальної громади Вижницького району Чернівецької області. Кількісні показники часового розподілу зникнення деревного покриву онлайн-ресурсу Global Forest Watch для території громади з 2001 по 2020 рік показали, що найнижчі значення площі були характерні на початок 2000-х років, зокрема у 2001 р. показник становив 53 га, а найвищим він був у 2007 р. і становив 426 га. Протягом 2001–2021 років загальна площа втрати становила 4398 га. Проаналізовано дані електронного реєстру лісорубних квитків на заготівлю деревини Державного агентства лісових ресурсів України. Завдяки функціональним можливостям геопорталу вдалось виділити межі Путильського лісового господарства, Селятинського лісництва з позначеними межами лісництв, кварталів, виділів та рубок. Визначена площа виділених ділянок, які піддавались вирубці, становить 18,64 га. Здійснено дешифрування та аналіз космічних знімків Sentinel 2 в географічній інформаційній системі QGIS. У 2021 р. було виявлено на територіях під лісовим покривом ділянки із вирубкою лісової рослинності. Для оцінки просторово-часових змін лісовкритих площ території досліджень здійснено порівняння серії космознімків та проведено ручне дешифрування. Виділено майже 30 ділянок загальною площею близько 110 га. Було створено окремий векторизований тематичний шар ділянок за 2016 р. Результат показав, що кількість виділених об’єктів становила 68 одиниць загальною площею майже 251 га. За аналогічний період, за даними онлайн-ресурсу Globalforestwatch, площа під вирубкою становила 253 га. Це підтверджує вдале використання ГІС у цілях просторово-часового аналізу лісовкритих площ. Проаналізовано імпортовані в ГІС знімки Sentinel 2 (Еarthexplorer), на яких вдалось виділити ділянки із вирубкою, та космічні знімки популярних геоплатформ. Встановлено, що більшість космознімків є застарілими, а геооб’єкти, що на них, не зовсім відповідають їхньому сучасному стану. Причому на деяких геоплатформах космічні знімки не оновлювались декілька років.
The Relationship among Domestic Credit, Financial Development and Economic Growth in the Gambia
Authors: Jammeh Ismaila Y
Published: July 2022

This study examines the relationship among domestic credit availability to the private sector, financial development and economic growth in the Gambia from 1967 to 2020. Financial development has been a crucial driver of economic growth by channelling funds from those with financial resources, who lack the business investment ideas to those with investment decisions but lack the resources to kick start their investment ideas. The development of this sector will not only promote economic growth but will create confidence for lenders in providing funds to investors and these funds will be monitored to ensure they’re used in productive projects to prevent defaults and financial crises. The study employed a VAR analysis to examine the relationship among these variables. However, given the lack of data on financial development, the ratio of broad money to GDP and the ratio of domestic credit to the private sector to GDP was used as a measure of financial development. The result shows that financial development has a direct impact on the changing amount of domestic credit available for the private sector. Although the availability of domestic credit to the private sector has little impact on economic growth, this seemingly small impact will significantly improve further economic growth in the Gambia. Therefore, policymakers should put more effort into developing and improving the credibility of the financial sectors in the Gambia which will create confidence in lenders and thus monitor the activities of credit borrowers if those credits are used productively.
European values and effective business interaction
Authors: Fleșeriu Cristina , Amaral Jerónimo Nuno , Tamulevičiūtė-Šekštelienė Angelė , Lifintsev Denys
Published: July 2022

This paper intends to understand the organisational values in different countries across Europe, using the Hofstede 6-D model, and apply them to realise the best strategies for effective interactions between Ukrainians and the rest of Europe, regarding the European Union commitment to accept Ukraine as a member in the future. This research compares the national values and determines clusters of countries, which have similar values regarding organisational action and structure, and searches for any correlation between clusters’ values and the countries’ positions in the rank of European Chamber for businesses. Regarding the results, the paper establishes which countries are culturally more similar to Ukraine, and also which values are predominant in the most successful countries. Finally, the paper points to a trending set of ideas and organisational values that Ukrainian businesses and organisations must pay attention to within the cultural framework of their future European Union partners.
Value-Based Controlling & International Accounting of Economic Value Added (EVA) – An Overview
Authors:   International School of Management, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Hammer Thomas , Siegfried Patrick ,   International School of Management, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Published: July 2022

This paper will discuss an important target variable in value-based management: the Economic Value Added (or EVA). EVA is a measure of a company's financial performance based on the residual wealth calculated by deducting its cost of capital from its operating profit, adjusted for taxes on a cash basis. EVA can also be referred to as economic profit, as it attempts to capture the true economic profit of a company. This measure was devised by management consulting firm Stern Value Management, originally incorporated as Stern Stewart & Co. This research will also discuss adjustments and different types of assumptions that are necessary for the calculation as well as how to use them properly to obtain an interpretable result. Paper will explain the formula and which conversions should be considered. It remains to be noted that the EVA concept only leads to small progress from a scientific point of view, but that the clever marketing by Stern & Stewart has initiated a renaissance of the underlying residual profit concept. The paper provides practitioners and academics with a good overview of the demonstrable added value of EVA controlling and, in contrast, also illustrates the weaknesses of the calculation model or the inaccuracy due to interpretation variables, which overall limit the value of EVA as a management key performance indicator. The research includes comprehensive and substantial discussion in the scientific literature on EVA and its interpretation.
Reabsorción radicular asociada a tratamientos de ortodoncia con extracciones dentales: revisión de la literatura
Authors: Veloz Gutiérrez Pricila Katerine , Lima Illescas Miriam Verónica
Published: July 2022

La reabsorción radicular ha sido una condición asociada con un proceso fisiológico o patológico que resulta en la pérdida de dentina, cemento o hueso, producida como un efecto indeseado pero inevitable en el tratamiento ortodóncico. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar la literatura sobre la reabsorción radicular producida en el cierre de espacios durante el tratamiento de ortodoncia con extracciones dentales. Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, Science Direct, BVS Regional y Cochrane.  Los criterios de elegibilidad incluyeron estudios relacionados al tema de la revisión, en inglés y español, con restricción en las publicaciones de los últimos 5 años, de libre acceso, texto completo, estudios descriptivos, casos y controles, cohortes, ensayos clínicos, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis. Se eligieron 27 para ser analizados. La mayor parte de autores coinciden en que existen factores, que se deben tener en cuenta en el riesgo de producir reabsorción radicular en distintos grados, estos son tratamientos de ortodoncia con extracciones dentales, debido a que en la fase de cierre de espacios se produce gran movimiento de los dientes, por la distancia que estos deben recorrer, y el tiempo de duración de la terapia. La reabsorción radicular afecta principalmente a los incisivos maxilares.
Reflective Teaching of EFL Instructors at Shambu College of Teacher Education
Authors: Alemayehu Dheressa Moti
Published: July 2022

Being reflective is one of the most paramount capabilities that instructors need to be ready with post-method technology for their professional growth and development. The present study aimed to discover reflective teaching from extraordinary views in phrases of a) determinants that simulate instructors to reflect, b) outcomes that instructors revel in due to their reflective teaching, and c) boundaries that can get up and prevent instructors from reflective teaching. A qualitative data approach was hired to accumulate records from 10 EFL instructors triangulating semi-structured interviews, diaries, journals, and observations. Data analysis through thematic analysis is used for this to take a study. The results revealed that tinstructors not only reflect to respond to a problem, but additionally they reflect on diminishing some negative elements like strain or tension on the part of each trainees and themselves in addition to improving, enhancing, or mending something in teaching or studying. The codes of determinants have been additionally conceptualized into three large categories of reflection-in-action, reflection-on-action, and reflection-for-action, with the reflection-for-action, used more regularly by using the instructors. In the case of effects, the codes were labeled into classes of inner and outside outcomes. It was also concluded that some of the results reinforce the reflective teaching and play the role of determinants motivating instructors to reflect again. Regarding the boundaries, after categorizing the codes into external and internal boundaries, it was observed that external factors are more robust.
Schoology-Aided Instruction: Measuring the Effectiveness for Student-Teachers’ Reading Comprehension Achievement
Authors: Firdaus Masagus , Mayasari Santi
Published: July 2022

This study was a quasi-experimental research and oriented to measure the effectiveness for student-teachers’ reading comprehension achievement. There were 80 student-teachers who joined and were grouped into experimental and control groups. They were treated for eight meetings. Both pretest and posttest instruments were integrated for collecting the data. Both paired and independent t-tests were employed to know improvement of the two groups. The findings showed that in pretest, both of groups encountered problems related to reading comprehension. However, after being treated with this Schoology learning management system (LMS) for several meetings, experimental group students gained better achievement in reading comprehension comparing to control group. Mean scores of experimental group (75.250) was bigger than control group gained (61.875). By the same token, the F-test score (0.392) with df (78) and sig. value (0.000) informed about different qualities gained by both groups, i.e., experimental and control. In a nutshell, the integration of Schoology LMS is more effective in increasing students’ reading comprehension comparing to conventional mode of learning.
An Analysis of Writers’ Errors in Producing Descriptive Texts; Intercultural Studies
Authors: Erickson Ebidel
Published: July 2022

In EFL context, errors analysis is done to illuminate the comprehension to improve learners’ writing processes and products. In grammatical construction, language grammars or structures must reflect the flexibility and conventionality of language usage and language users’ knowledge. This study aimed at identifying errors made by international learners at English studies programs in producing descriptive texts. This study was working in qualitative ways. 13 international learners who took master study of English studies are involved in this study. The sample was taken using purposive random sampling. The gender consisted of 7 females and 6 males. The level of English proficiencies is considered as the same level because the sample was bestowed Indonesian, Brazilian, Malaysian, and South Africa scholarship, in which the international English language testing system was achieved the passing grade. To gain the data, the researcher employed writing tests with asking the sample to describe their home town and families. The data are analyzed using qualitative works, i.e., data condensation, data display, and conclusion. Based on the data analysis, international learners still do some errors in producing descriptive texts. The errors covered omission, addition, selection or mis-formation, and mis-ordering. The errors are caused by misconception and misinterpretation of English. They try to transfer their language knowledge from their native language to their national language, then into target language (English). They have three transferring processes in mind. It is a strong possibility that makes them do some language errors in producing their writing products. Therefore, this study can be concluded that international learners who learn English in foreign countries still do such kinds of errors in producing their writing products.
An Analysis of Writing Strategies Used by Students of English Language Department
Authors: Dari Retno Wulan , Rahmawati Eva , Akhiriyah Suvi
Published: July 2022

The trend towards more process-oriented academic writing instructions require students to pay more attention to and develop their use of writing strategies to ensure learning success. Accordingly, the current study investigates the use of writing strategies performed by freshmen of the English language department in an Indonesian teaching university. The study is an initial effort to provide a theoretical basis for the development of more student-centered and process-oriented writing instructions for the university’s academic writing courses. To attain its purpose, the study focuses its investigation into the stage where writing strategies are most likely to be used and the types of writing strategies being employed by students. Questionnaires modified from Petrić & Czárl (2003) were distributed to 125 freshmen to obtain the data which constitute the types of writing strategies being used, their frequency of use, and the stages of writing within which they were used. Descriptive quantitative analysis was performed afterwards to the collected data. Results show that most freshman are medium users of the strategies, with While Writing as the stage within which students tend to use writing strategies, followed by Pre-writing and Revising Writing. This result implies that the development of learning instruction for academic writing needs to accommodate the development of writing strategies used in three stages of writing, particularly during the Pre-writing and Revising Writing. Further research is also required with different data collection method and instruments to allow for generalization to wider audience which is not possible with the current research, given its limited use of instrument and participants involved.
Improving the Academic English Achievement through Developing Students’ Self-Efficacy of Verbal Persuasions; A Classroom Action Research
Authors: Situmorang Komilie
Published: July 2022

Self-efficacy is a drive within students that affects their thinking, feeling, motivation, and learning activities to achieve what they need. It is said to be one of the predictors of academic success leading to its urgency put into research.   The study is classroom action research aiming to improve the nursing students' scores in Academic English class by raising the students’ self-efficacy through giving verbal persuasions. This action research was designed following Kemmis and McTaggarts’ model, including Planning, Action, Observation, and Reflection. 42 participants were also active students in the class of Academic English. After completing the sessions, the students were given pre-and posttest and asked to reflect on their achievements. The findings indicate that the average scores increased by 25 points between pre-and-posttest, 83.33% of participants had increased self-confidence, and 90.47% were satisfied with their test results. Further, the study shows score improvement through review, restudy, and re-try, pointing out the emergence of self-efficacy, which is not instant. It is a result of consistency and belief through the verbal persuasion given by the teacher.
Klasik Türk Şiirinde İki Tabloyu Birbirine Kıyas Etmenin Bir Yolu
Authors: DEMİRCİLER Ahmet Zahid
Published: July 2022

Klasik Türk şiirinde beyitler çoğu zaman tek başına bir şiir değerinde oldukları için anlamlarının yoğun olmasına özen gösterilirdi. Bu doğrultuda kullandıkları yöntemler belagat ve nakd teorilerinin terimleriyle tespit edilip açıklanagelmiştir. Bununla beraber şairlerin beyitlerin inşasında kullandıkları bir yöntemin hangi terimle ifade edileceği belirlenmemiştir. Bu, şairin muhayyilesinde kıyasladığı tabloları sunarken bu tabloların parçalarını karşılıklı birbirine karıştırarak vermesidir. Bu konudaki hâkim yaklaşım sözü edilen parçaların tek başlarına yorumlanıp değerlendirilmesidir. Bu makalede, sözü edilen yapıların bir bütün olarak anlaşılıp yorumlanması gerektiği savunulmaktadır. Bu amaçla öncelikle bu yapıların bütünlüklü yorumuna dair bazı görüşler ve genellikle Farsça izafet şeklinde kendini gösteren kelime öbeklerinin anlamıyla ilgili eleştiriler ele alınmıştır. Yapıların bütününü yorumlayan görüşler değerlendirilmiş, kelime öbeklerinin ise her zaman tek başlarına bir anlamının olmayabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Teşbih taraflarının bazen bir ifadenin anlamının bütününden çekip çıkarılabileceği görüşüne dayanarak, sözü edilen kelime öbeklerinin aslında birleşik bir teşbihin unsurları olduğu savunulmuştur. Bu birleşik teşbihin taraflarından her biri şairin muhayyilesinde kıyasladığı tablolara denk gelmektedir. Bu tespitlerden sonra Türk belagat kitaplarının teşbih taraflarını işleyen bölümlerinden sözü edilen üsluba uyan örnek beyitler seçilerek bunlardaki teşbihler tartışılmış ve yeniden yorumlanmıştır. Makalede ortaya konan çözümün klasik şiirin beyit yapısını tahlile ve beyitlerdeki kelime öbeklerinin anlamlandırılmasına katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
Kentselliğin Tarihinde Nitelikten Niceliğe Geçiş Süreçleri Üzerinden Cumhuriyetin Başlangıcında Ankara'nın Kentsel Katmanları
Authors: TOKALI Manolya Ayşe
Published: July 2022

21. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinin sonlarında, dünya nüfusunun kentlerde yoğunlaşması kentsellik ve biriktirdiklerini her zamankinden daha çok yönlü ve katmanlı bir sürece yöneltmektedir. Kentlerin fiziksel genişlemelerinin yanı sıra kentselliğin tanımı, kökenlerinin geriye dönük zamanda nereye indiği ve tarihselliğinin geçirdiği değişim süreçleri konusu önemli araştırma sorularını içermektedir. Şüphesiz kentsellik bu etkilerin ve birikimlerin azlığı ya da çokluğu doğrultusunda birbirleriyle karşılaşmaları, çok katmanlı oluşumları, zaman içinde duraksama veya hızlanmalarıyla birlikte ilerlemiştir. Bu anlamda Ankara da bulunduğu coğrafyasında kendi tarihsel sürecini yaratmıştır. Anadolu'nun merkezinde bir yerleşim olarak Frig ve Galat uygarlıklarına kadar dayanan üç bin yıllık geçmişle önemli ve zengin bir kentsellik tarihine sahiptir. Bu birikim daha sonraları eklenen Roma, Bizans, Selçuklu ve Osmanlı dönemlerine ait katmanlarla daha değerli hâle gelmiştir. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun son dönemlerinde batının gerçekleştirdiği sanayi devriminden uzak kalışı Ankara için de geçerli olmuş, batı ile denklik yakalayamamış ve kaynaklarını mütevazi biçimde kullanabilen bir yerleşim olarak kalmıştır. Dolayısıyla Ankara için planlı bir kentleşme ancak Cumhuriyet sonrası başkentlik konumu ile gerçekleşmeye başlamıştır. Bu konum bir taraftan imar ve planlama çalışmalarını gerektirirken aynı zamanda ülke için devletin kalkınma modeline ev sahipliği yaptığı, örnek bir kentselliğin tanımlandığı dönemdir. Ancak gereksinimler yerine getirilse bile, cumhuriyet dönemi öncesi uygarlıkların zengin birikimlerinin planlı ve plansız uygulamalarla günümüze gereğince nasıl ulaştığı çeşitli sorular içermektedir. Ankara'nın kentsellik sürecinin değerlendirilmesi kentselliğin doğuşuyla birlikte, Tarih Öncesinden, Modern Öncesi dönemi, Erken Modern ve Modern Dönemden geçip, nicelikten niteliksizleşmeye geçtiği Çağdaş Dönemi ile birlikte, günümüz megakentlerin yükseldiği bir süreç üzerinden yapılacaktır. Şüphesiz kentsellik bütün bu tarihsel akışta sosyal, ekonomik, toplumsal, siyasi dinamiklerin, tarihe sıçrama olanağı veren keşiflerin, buluşların doğrudan etkilerini barındırmıştır. Ankara, bu etkilerle sürekli bir etkileşimde bulunmasa da kendine özgü kentsellik tarihine sahiptir. Bu derin ve değerli birikimin gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması var olan kentsel katmanların her birine yer ve değer verilmesiyle gerçekleşebilir. Bu nedenle cumhuriyet sonrası, tarihsel katmanların üzerine yayılan planlı ve plansız yapılaşma öncesi durum tespiti yapmak yerinde olacaktır.
Pandemi Sürecinde Aşı Kararsızlığının ve Aşı Karşıtlığının Sosyolojik Bir Değerlendirmesi
Authors: ÖZEL Mesut
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmanın konusu, Kovid-19 pandemisi sürecinde tekrar ve artarak oldukça önemli bir tartışma konusu halini alan aşı karşıtlığı ve/veya aşı kararsızlığıdır. Dünyadaki bu “yeni” pandemi sürecine ilişkin bu ve benzer çalışmaları önemli kılan ise, önceki çalışmalardan farklı olarak teknoloji ve iletişimdeki gelişmelerin bir sonucu olarak; hem hastalığın, hem tedavi/aşı çalışmalarının hem de bunlara ilişkin tartışmaların aynı anda herkesin gözleri önünde gerçekleştirilebiliyor olmasıdır. Çalışmada nitel yötem kullanılmış ve on erkek, sekiz kadın olmak üzere, on sekiz yaş üstü on sekiz kişiyle derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular sosyolojik bir izlekten değerlendirilmiştir. Bu bulgulara göre aşı tereddüdü/karşıtlığı, başta sağlık kuruluşları ve kamu yönetimine olmak üzere hızla artan güvensizlik ikliminden sökün etmektedir. Teknolojik gelişmeler sonucunda artan bilgi kaynakları ve bilgiye erişmede kolaylıklar aşı karşıtlığını tetikleyen/artıran büyük bir bilgi kirliliğine yol açmıştır. Bulgular pandemi sonrasında aşı karşıtlığının çocukluk aşıları üzerinde de artarak devam edeceğini göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda bir aşı karşıtlığı salgınından da söz edilebilir. Her şeye rağmen genel anlamda sağlık çalışanlarına ve dolayısıyla bilime güvenin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.