bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What is the Role of Personal Knowledge in Social Robotics and Its Ethics?
Authors: Funk Michael
Published: February 2025

In this contribution to the Robophilosophy 2024 conference, I undertake a rereading of Michael Polanyi’s 1958 publication, Personal Knowledge. A particular emphasis will be placed on the examination of contemporary challenges pertaining to robotics and AI Ethics. The terms “personal knowledge” and “tacit knowledge” are essentially synonymous. Both concepts place emphasis on the processes of knowing, which are inherently beyond our capacity to fully articulate. This non-propositional dimension encompasses a range of abilities, including skills, expertise, imagination, and intuition. In the context of ethics, it bears resemblance to the concept of wisdom or even phronesis. In light of these considerations, I propose the following question: What is the role of personal knowledge in 21st-century social robotics? In alignment with Polanyi’s perspective, this investigation aims to elucidate the interconnection between ethics and epistemology. Despite the fact that his approach is as old as the first steps taken in the field of modern AI development (the Dartmouth Conference took place in 1956), it can be argued that personal knowledge still plays a significant role in digital societies. Furthermore, social relations and their embodied traditions of tacit knowing constitute critical infrastructures of liberal democracies. In the context of digital sovereignty, social robots and AI regulatory frameworks continue to offer insights from the work of Michael Polanyi. His approach extends beyond individual wisdom, encompassing a distinct political relevance. Human bodies are fragile, yet socially shared human knowing may be even more vulnerable. It is imperative to prioritize this fragility, rather than reducing human-robot relations to the domain of AI.
AI and Agendas
Authors: Gogoshin Dane Leigh
Published: February 2025

In this paper, I argue that the primary AI-related ethical issue is that of the agendas driving AI. While there is a portion of AI-related ethical risks which stems from indeterministic elements of AI and their interaction with existing social and economic systems, it is in the area where we have clear, front-end control – in setting the right agendas – that we should focus our efforts. In this paper, I will identity concrete agenda-related threats and propose ways of addressing them. I suggest that it is these threats which widen the gap (alienation) between humans and their technology. My proposal will thus aim at reducing this alienation.
Robots in Groups
Authors: Mäkelä Pekka , Hakli Raul , Mamak Kamil , Strasser Anna , Vesterinen Tuomas , Kokkonen Tomi
Published: February 2025

The workshop discusses social robots participating in hybrid groups consisting of both human beings and social robots. In social robotics and HRI, the dominant paradigm has been to study interactions between one human being and one robot. Studying robots in group contexts raises new, interesting, and complementary questions and perspectives to both HRI research and robophilosophy. The talks in this workshop will deal with conceptual and normative issues stemming from robots occupying roles in social groups, including questions related to trust, responsibility, and joint action.
Trust and Coordinated Group Action
Authors: Mäkelä Pekka , Hakli Raul
Published: February 2025

Trust between the participants of a group action is a presupposition of smooth coordination. We study whether robots could participate in joint action, and whether there is conceptual space for robots to figure as trustworthy cooperators in light of various philosophical trust accounts. We discuss different notions of joint action and group action and locate robots into the scale of such notions of varying strength. We suggest that when we use trust notions of normative strength in the context of AI or robotics, the normative component of such talk boils down to talk of responsible robotics or AI on the human side, the reliance, while reliability or predictability component of such trust notion applies to machines and algorithms as well.
Humanoid Robots Should Have More Rights than Robodogs
Authors: Mamak Kamil
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses the impact of morphology on the legal status of robots and argues that choosing human-like morphology puts robots in a privileged position compared to robots with non-human morphologies. Robots with the same features but in different shapes should be treated differently. Human shape in the robot design brings extra burdens on users. Mistreating humanoid robots could be dangerous for humans. Such behaviors could indirectly and sometimes directly harm humans. To ensure the interests of humans, humanoid robots should be protected more than other types of robots. (The paper was presented at Workshop 10: “Robot Rights—From Theory to Practice” organized by David Gunkel at the Robophilosophy 2024 Conference.)
Prevalence and risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare workers in medical radiation environments
Authors: Li Yan , Xu Haijuan , Li Rongzong , Cheng Muxiang , Wen Cuiju
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are among the most commonly reported occupational diseases worldwide. Healthcare workers, such as medical radiation staff, are susceptible to WMSDs.

OBJECTIVE:

To analyze the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and their influencing factors among professionals working in medical radiation institutions.

METHODS:

This study employed cluster random sampling and included 1669 medical radiation staff members from medical units and institutions in Guangdong Province, China. The modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to analyze musculoskeletal symptoms in nine body regions over the previous 12 months. The chi-square test was used to analyze the association between WMSDs and these factors. Logistic regression was used to identify potential influencing factors.

RESULTS:

This study collected 1669 complete and valid questionnaires. The overall self-reported prevalence of WMSDs among medical radiation staff was 15.3%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that gender, alcohol consumption, senior rank hospital, repetitive motions at work, overtime work, and prolonged maintenance of the same posture increased the risk of WMSDs ( P < 0.05). Adjustable work chairs and comfortable workplace temperatures were protective factors against WMSDs ( P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

Being female, alcohol consumption, higher hospital level, repetitive motions, working overtime, and maintaining a single posture contributed to the risk of neck, shoulder, and lower back WMSDs among medical radiation staff. Prevention and management strategies to facilitate reduction in adverse health effects on the occupational health of the medical radiation staff should be considered.
Adapting to COVID-19: Insights from Portuguese residents’ home-based life
Authors: Aguiar Ana , Soares Patrícia , Barbosa Pedro , Duarte Raquel , Pinto Marta
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread lockdowns and remote work and educational practices that have impacted the lives of many families.

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to investigate how parents and caregivers altered their routines due to online schooling and teleworking, exploring their association with increased anxiety and depression symptoms.

METHODS:

We conducted an online cross-sectional study and collected data through snowball sampling. We asked questions about age, gender, dwelling area, educational level, and marital status, as well as an open-ended question about teleworking and homeschooling – “Did your routine change due to your children being forced to stay home and take online classes? If so, please explain how it has influenced your personal and professional life, both positively and negatively”. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the responses.

RESULTS:

A total of 181 respondents, primarily women (72.4%), averaging 36.6 years old, holding bachelor’s degrees (44.2%), were included. About 78.5% reported routine adjustments. Four salient themes emerged: 1) Perceived changes in professional and personal life, 2) Perceived changes in learning methods, 3) Mental health issues and 4) Perceived advantages of working from home with children at online school. Regarding mental health, 25.4% exhibited symptoms of anxiety, and 7.7% displayed depression symptoms, predominantly linked (80%) to the pandemic’s impact.

CONCLUSION:

Family routines were disrupted, causing stress. In future crises, policymakers, public health experts, and researchers must acknowledge these challenges to mitigate negative consequences. Simultaneously, they should focus on strategies that enhance the positive aspects of restrictive measures and related policies.
CHAID analysis about using biological protection gloves as personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect occupational biohazards
Authors: Aguilar-Elena Raúl , Agún-González Juan José
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

This study stands for the first Spanish investigation that rigorously evaluates the compliance regarding the use of biological protection gloves as essential personal protective equipment (PPE) in companies with exposure to biological agents in workplaces.

OBJECTIVES:

This study aims to analyse the degree of use of biological protection gloves as personal protective equipment (PPE), the factors that influence its use, and the profile of workers exposed to occupational biological agents in Spanish companies in the health sector, farms, meat industry, waste treatment plants, food industry and veterinary centers.

METHODS:

We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 590 Spanish workers from 51 companies. We developed a 34-item questionnaire to assess workers’ risk perception related to exposure to biological agents in their workplaces. Among the questions, three were designed to find the degree of use of key protective equipment in sectors with biological agent exposure: protective gloves, goggles or face shields, and respirators. We performed various statistical analyses, including Cronbach’s alpha, frequency of endorsement, Content Validity Ratio (CVR) using Lawshe’s method, Varimax rotation, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO), and Bartlett’s sphericity test, to assess the internal consistency and reliability of the questionnaire. Additionally, we employed a CHAID segmentation analysis, using workers’ responses regarding their attitude toward glove usage as PPE for protection against biological risks, with demographic variables as independent factors.

RESULTS:

The CHAID analysis yielded a segmentation diagram, revealing five distinct groups or profiles of workers based on their use of protective gloves.

CONCLUSION:

Our study, through CHAID analysis, highlights that workers tend to use protective gloves more frequently when there is an internal Health and Safety department within the company.
ARWKV: Pretraining Is Not What We Need – An RNN-Attention-Based Language Model Born From Transformer
Authors: Lin Yueyu , Li Zhiyuan , Yue Peter , Liu Xiao
Published: February 2025

As is known, hybrid quadratic and subquadratic attention models in multi-head architectures have surpassed both Transformer and Linear RNN models[1], with these works primarily focusing on reducing KV complexity and improving efficiency. For further research on expressiveness*, we introduce our series of models distilled from Qwen 2.5, based on pure native RWKV-7 attention, which aims to make RNN more expressive and demonstrates state tracking ability beyond transformers. We work with QRWK 32B† based on RWKV-6 architecture, another approach that reduces the entire knowledge processing time to just 8 hours using 16 AMD MI300X GPUs while maintaining Qwen 2.5’s performance. In fact, the distillation process can utilize any LLM, not just Qwen, and enables knowledge transfer from larger LLMs to smaller ones with more fewer tokens. We will explain the detailed process and share our insights on building more powerful foundation models. Please note that this is an ongoing work that will be updated continuously. The model checkpoints and source code are available at https://github.com/yynil/RWKVInside, https://huggingface.co/RWKV-Red-Team/ARWKV-7B-Preview-0.1.
Sources of the Old English Guthlac poems
Authors:   , Cornell Cynthia Edelstein
Published: February 2025

"The tenth century manuscript collection of Old English poetry called the Exeter Book preserves two Old English poems on the Anglo-Saxon saint, Guthlac. The poems are the fourth and fifth items in the collection, following immediately after Christ I, II, and III, poetic treatments of Christ's advent, His ascension, and the Last Judgment. The Guthlac poems have at various times been thought to be as many as five separate poems or as few as one, but the evidence of the manuscript itself indicates that the scribe, at least, considered them two distinct works. The beginning of the first poem on the saint, now conventionally called Guthlac A, is marked by a line of capitals on folio 32b, and the beginning of Guthlac B is marked similarly on folio 44b. When arranged in verse lines, Guthlac A becomes an 818 line poem, incomplete, however, because of a missing leaf between folios 37 and 38 (between lines 368 and 369 as edited by Krapp and Dobbie); Guthlac B is a poem of 560 lines, and it too is incomplete, missing a section at its end, the length of which is still a matter of speculation. Simply on the basis of their length, these two poems loom large in the corpus of Old English poetry, and they have the additional value of being the only preserved Old English poems on a native saint -- a Mercian hermit whose pious life bridged the end of the seventh and the beginning of the eighth centuries. It has also been proposed that Guthlac B is one further example of the work of Cynewulf, whose runic signature may have been contained within the missing conclusion of the poem."--Introduction.
Economic comparison of investment in cattle ranching in Australia and the United States
Authors:   , Griffith John L. P.
Published: February 2025

"The overall goal of this study is to assemble and evaluate data to provide a better understanding of the nature of ranching in Australia and the United States. The development of the study has been guided by the following specific objectives: 1. To provide background information about the beef cattle industries in the United States arid Australia--from the standpoint of historical development, climatic influences, the political and economic settings, and the production and demand aspects; 2. To contrast the conditions which prevail within major ranching regions of the United States and Australia; 3. To compare the physical and managerial characteristics of the ranching operations in the two countries; and 4. To evaluate the economic factors which affect ranch investment decisions. Some of the economic factors to be considered are: the earning capacity from the present level of management and improvements; the potential for improved earnings from further investments and improved management; the land appreciation trends; taxation policies; the level of risk involved; the scale of investment required; and the long-run versus the short-run profit objectives. The major hypothesis is that a definite incentive exists to favor investment in cattle ranching in Australia over that in the United States. However, the investor who has a long-run profit objective has more to gain than the investor with a short-term profit motive."--Page 2.
A thematic study of reality, death, order and imagination in the poetry of Wallace Stevens
Authors:   , Hamlin William C.
Published: February 2025

The poetry of Wallace Stevens presents a complex pattern of involvement in the worlds of both physical phenomena and abstract ideology, and it is the purpose of this dissertation to formulate some tenable approach to a general understanding of that poetry. The nature of the approach is analytical and is chiefly concerned with theme or idea. As the title suggests, there are four specific sections. In each, poems are grouped and analyzed according to thematic affinity, and presented in the following order as chapters: 1) Reality as Theme, 2) Death as Theme, 3) Order as Theme, 4) Imagination as Theme. The conclusion generalizes upon that which is treated more or less specifically in the body of the dissertation. The principal source for all the conclusions is the poetry of Wallace Stevens, chiefly that contained in his Collected Poems, secondary sources serve as stimuli and corroboration and include the few full-length published works dealing with Stevens, as well as numerous periodical articles, particularly those appearing in the "little" magazines. The first chapter exemplifies the proposition that Stevens regards sensible phenomena (reality) as the basis for all imaginative conception. Reality and what is made of it by the imagination conspire together in a harmonious whole. Stevens indicates that pain is to be equated with pleasure, and that the physical world surrounding man is the only paradise he will ever know. Chapter two treats death as the beginning and end of life, and therefore as nothing to be dreaded. Death, says Stevens, is the "mother of beauty," and must consequently be regarded, like pain, as parts of the whole of existence. Stevens celebrates death. The third chapter demonstrates Stevens' poetic position that order is inherent in disorder, chaos, and change, and that the province of art is to perceive and articulate the intervals or order in the universe. Chapter four is concerned with the province of the imagination in Wallace Stevens' poetry. It is only through the imagination that any ultimate reality or truth can be reached, and it is through poetry, the "supreme fiction," that the imagination is most articulate. The conclusion states that Stevens considers truth to exist relatively as a "central poem" in the universe, but that only approaches may be made toward it; that it can never be reached. The "central poem" can be known only by other poems which demonstrate the relationship of all things and, by extension, the central unity in the midst of apparent confusion.
Consumer preferences for beef rounds
Authors:   , Eickhoff William Dean
Published: February 2025

"This study was designed in order to determine consumers' preferences for round steals, minute steals, and ground beef. Four grades of beef were used. Each round was evaluated for the degree of marbling present, and tenderness was determined by mechanical methods. The specific objectives of the study were: 1. To determine how closely grade and acceptability are related. 2. To determine if the degree of marbling has an influence on consumer acceptability. 3. To determine how satisfactory the various mechanical measures of tenderness are in evaluating tenderness. 4. To determine if mechanical tenderization of the round steaks will affect acceptability."--Page 1.
Balanced farming evaluation study in northern Missouri livestock producing area
Authors:   , Grogan Ondo F.
Published: February 2025

"This study was undertaken with the general purpose of determining the rate of progress made by farmers cooperating in the Balanced Farming Program. Specific objectives of the study were: 1. To determine general and specific information pertaining to the planning and establishment of Balanced Farming Plans on the individual cooperative farms. 2. To develop and apply criteria for measuring the rate of progress made by Individual farm cooperators who have In the past, or are still actively participating In the Balanced Farming Program. 3. To determine the relationship of various factors to the degree of achievement of individual farmers who participated in the Balanced Farming Program."--Purpose of Study.
Measuring the managerial ability of farmers
Authors:   , Harrington Harvey P.
Published: February 2025

"This research project, a cooperative endeavor between the Agricultural Economics Department and the Rural Sociology Department, was instigated as a contributing project to the North Central Regional Project NO-59, which was entitled, "The Identification and Measurement of Managerial Ability and Its Effect on Resource Use in Farming." The overall objectives for the Missouri project, as listed in the official project statement are: A. "To determine relationships that exist between the characteristics of farmers and their managerial ability." B. "To develop a method of measuring the managerial ability of farmers." C. "To develop methods of increasing the managerial ability of farmers." Due to the basic and complex nature of management, any research project on the subject must involve a number of phases of work. Each phase builds on knowledge obtained In preceding phases. At present, two distinct phases of work have been outlined for the Missouri project, with more contemplated. This manuscript is limited to the development, methodology, and results of the first phase. The primary objective of this first phase was to develop methodology for measuring management and to do preliminary work on a small sample of farmers to test various techniques under consideration. Specific steps followed In the attainment of this objective were: 1. The review of all pertinent research in various disciplines. 2. The collection of personal, social, and economic data on a relatively small number of farms. 3. The development of a rating technique for use in distinguishing the level of managerial ability and/or performance of these farmers. 4. The determination of personal, social, and economic factors which appear to be related to the various levels of managerial ability and performance in the third step. The second phase will build upon the results obtained in the first phase and will consist, in general, of the following steps: 1. The refinement of interview schedules, rating techniques, etc. 2. The collection of data on a larger group of farmers. Including the obtainment of ratings of their managerial ability and performance. 3. The rejection or confirmation of factors which appeared to be related to levels of management in the first phase. 4. The development of a predictive device consisting of those factors which are significantly related to management levels, so that managerial performance can be predicted with a certain probability of accuracy. 5. Testing of the predictive device. Later phases will include an analysis of ways to improve the level of management ability and performance of Missouri farmers. As stated above, this manuscript deals only with the first phase. Because of ths exploratory nature of the first phase, the sample was small, therefore, relationships discovered in this sample should not necessarily be considered as being representative of all farmers. For that reason, all observed relationships will be tested in a later phase of the project."--Objectives of the Study.
Consumer acceptance of boneless beef
Authors:   , Hendrickson Taylor
Published: February 2025

"Importance of Beef and Problems of Proper Selection: Meat is generally considered to be the center of the menu. Meat is well liked by most people and research has shown that it supplies a large proportion of the food nutrients essential to good health. In the United States the largest item in the meat diet is beef. In 1958 the per capita consumption of beef was 80.5 pounds while pork was second highest with 60.7 pounds. During the same period poultry meat consumption was 34.1 pounds per capita. As the leading meat item in the diet, beef takes a relatively large percentage of the consumer's disposable income spent for food products. In 1958, 2.7 per cent of the total disposable personal income per person was spent for beef. Though beef occupies this important place in the diet, research has shown that the average consumer has a very limited knowledge about beef, even to the extent that she is not familiar with many retail beef cuts. Because of this lack of familiarity with retail cuts, meat buying becomes difficult. Many cuts which are just as acceptable otherwise are not chosen because of consumers' lack of knowledge about them."--Introduction.
Background and applications of the honor code in Dryden's four Spanish-oriented heroic plays
Authors:   , Campbell Dowling G.
Published: February 2025

The treatment of honor in John Dryden's four Spanish oriented heroic plays--The Indian Queen, The Indian Emperour, and both parts of The Conquest of Granada--follows dramatic patterns conspicuously parallel to those in earlier Spanish plays. From a basic complexity involving the dichotomy in types of honor to such specific elements as the blood rite, vengeance, conflict, reputation, the vow, the slander, and others, motifs abound in these four Dryden plays that abound also in the most popular plays of such renowned Siglo de Oro playwrights as Lope de Vega, Tirso de Molina, and Calderon. These motifs function in sufficiently explicit detail to suggest a deliberate borrowing on Dryden's part. Such influence from Spanish drama has been largely ignored since no proof that Dryden could read the language has been previously documented. Dryden's own acknowledgment that he can read Spanish, however, validates potential arguments hitherto discounted. While detailed analyses of possible analogues to these four heroic plays lie beyond the scope of my study, certain plays, such as Lope's El perro del hortelano or La envidia de la nobleza, are suggested. The ethics of Dryden's honor code expands, of course, far beyond these two plays. French tragedy, long considered by most Dryden critics as the sole supplier of outside influence for all his heroic plays, does not supply explicit character reactions to the honor code. Neo--Platonism cannot adequately explain or account for the dynamic behavior of such characters as Montezuma, Cortez, or Almanzor. Nor was Spanish influence channeled to Dryden through French playwrights. Spanish drama influenced only French comedy, and then the motifs were altered to fit Continental manners. Indeed, when Corneille early attempted to inject some authentic Spanish ethics and attitudes into Le Cid, he was soundly rebuked by Cardinal Richelieu's Academy. No appreciably Spanish motifs appear in serious French drama thereafter. Dryden's borrowings from Spanish literature should come as no surprise. Tudor and Stuart drama contain a rich legacy of Spanish references ranging from courtesy books and histories to novels and plays. Peninsular themes increase in popularity with the Restoration. Coupled with his ability to read the language, this popularity renders Dryden's treatment of honor in his four heroics as all the more convincing evidence that he was strongly influenced by Spanish literature, and especially by Siglo de Oro playwrights.
Identity Commodification as a Strategy for Acehnese Culinary Business Development: A Comparative Analysis of Indonesia and Egypt
Authors: Agustinar Agustinar , Mufida Laila , Sumarni Mutia , Ishak Munawwar
Published: February 2025

Ideally, identity commodification can be an effective strategy in the development of the culinary business by utilizing local cultural and religious values as an attraction for consumers. However, in reality, significant challenges arise in the implementation of this strategy, especially related to cultural diversity and the dynamics of the global market. This study aims to analyze the application of identity commodification in the development of Acehnese culinary businesses, and compare it with the approach applied in Egypt. This article is a field study using a qualitative approach. The methodology employed includes descriptive analysis and comparative study. The research findings show that Aceh has successfully utilized its local identity, which is deeply rooted in Islamic culture, as an appealing culinary business strategy, with a strong halal guarantee even without official halal certification. A comparison with Egypt shows that, although both leverage cultural and religious identity, Aceh emphasizes the diversity of local cultures combined with religious values, while Egypt focuses more on preserving the authentic Arab-Islamic culinary traditions and history.
Cloud Infrastructure Fortification: Advanced Security Strategies in the Era of Emerging Threats
Authors: Sandeep Batchu
Published: February 2025

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of advanced strategies for protecting cloud infrastructure against emerging cybersecurity threats. The article examines the transformation from traditional perimeter-based security models to adaptive, multi-layered defense mechanisms, emphasizing the critical role of zero-trust architectures and artificial intelligence in modern cloud security. Through case studies and empirical analysis, the article investigates the implementation of advanced encryption technologies, multi-cloud strategies, and automated threat detection systems across various organizations. The article demonstrates how the integration of machine learning-driven security solutions with robust incident response frameworks significantly enhances threat detection and mitigation capabilities. The article indicates that organizations adopting these advanced security measures demonstrate improved resilience against sophisticated cyber attacks while maintaining operational efficiency. The article contributes to the growing body of knowledge in cloud security by providing a structured framework for implementing comprehensive security strategies that address current and emerging threats in cloud environments.
Isolation and Extraction of as Ferulic Acid from Medicinally Active Andrographis Paniculata Plant and Synthesis of its Analogues
Authors: N. R. Nahate  , Abdul Wajid  , C. A. Ladole
Published: February 2025

Ferulic acid has been shown to have biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombogenic and anticancer properties. Moreover, it decreases liver and serum cholesterol, increases sperm viability, and all of these advantages are advantageous for coronary heart disease. Apart from this, it exhibits great commercial potential in the food, health and cosmetic industries. Because ferulic acid is absorbed and metabolized by the human body, it has additional advantages. Thus, devised a plan to extract and isolate ferulic acid from Andrographis Paniculata based on the aforementioned features. Based on the properties of this, we have strategies to isolate the ferulic acid and synthesis of their analogues like ester and amide. Which were characterized by 1HNMR and GCMS.
Experiments on Strength and Ductility Characteristics of Polypropylene Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Mokari Rahmdel Javad , Shafei Erfan , Salamat Ravandi Khosrow , Zirakian Tadeh
Published: February 2025

Concrete is a common material in construction which has a brittle behavior and can undergo severe structural discontinuities and crushing as a result of growth and propagation of cracks. Prior research shows that using polymer material such as polypropylene fibers can be effective in restricting crack propagation and improving the performance of the concrete. Despite the reported studies, further systematic investigations are still required to demonstrate the enhanced performance of polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete for a variety of structural and seismic applications. On this basis, the effects of addition of polypropylene fibers on the strength and ductility performances of ordinary concrete are investigated in this research endeavor through compressive and flexural experiments. Three types of concrete are considered which include plain concrete with no added fibers and polymer concretes with 0.1% and 0.2% fibers added by weight of cement. Compressive and flexural tests are conducted on eighteen standard cylinders and six beam specimens, respectively, at ages of 7, 14, and 28 days. Quasi-static loading is applied under displacement control. This study demonstrates that the strength and ductility performances of concrete can be enhanced through proper detailing and addition of optimal amount of polypropylene fibers.
Approximation length of the mandibular first molar tooth of Bataknese based on gender analyzed using parallel techniques
Authors: Manja Cek Dara , Salam Ummu Mahfuzah Nur
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to use the parallel technique to approximate the tooth, root, and furcation length of the mandibular first molar in the Bataknese population while accounting for gender differences.
Materials and Methods: The research employs an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. It utilizes secondary data from 90 parallel technique radiographs of patients aged 19-25 years who meet the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The radiographs are analyzed to assess tooth length, roots, and furcation of the mandibular first molar. Measurements are conducted using Cliniview software, and the results are processed and analyzed utilizing an independent t-test.
Results: The result showed that the average tooth length in males was 21.60 mm, with the mesial root measuring 13.64 mm, the distal root measuring 12.78 mm, and the furcation measuring 4.25 mm. In females, the average tooth length was 19.50 mm, with the mesial root measuring 12.13 mm, the distal root measuring 11.24 mm, and the furcation measuring 3.56 mm. Males have a greater average length than females.
Conclusion: Male teeth, roots, and furcations are longer than female teeth, according to the study's findings, which were derived via an analysis using the parallel technique. There was a discernible gender difference.
Correlation of age to classification of vertical relationship of maxillary sinus and maxillary first molar root by cone-beam computed tomography: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Suntana Mutiara Sukma , Darwis Rudi Satria , Nissa Rena Izzatin , Trisusanti Ratna
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The maxillary first molar has a close relationship with the base of the maxillary sinus floor. Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) provides coronal, sagittal, occlusal, and 3D sectional images of maxillofacial structures without causing distortion. Thus, CBCT allows for a comprehensive analysis of the position of the maxillary first molar about the maxillary sinus. This study aims to determine the correlation between age and the classification of vertical relationship between the maxillary sinus and the roots of the maxillary first molar using CBCT.
Materials and Methods: The research design was the analytical observational research used a cross-sectional design. The study population includes all CBCT radiographs from patients aged 20-50 years who used CBCT at RSGMP Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani. The total sampling technique was used to include all CBCT radiograph data comforms to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: The study resulted in 60 CBCT radiographs, with 54 data for the right maxillary first molar and 49 data for the left maxillary first molar. Data analysis using Spearman correlation test showed r = -0.191 with a p-value of 0.166 for the right maxillary first molar and r = -0.167 with a p-value of 0.252 for the left maxillary first molar.
Conclusion: There was no correlation between age and the classification of vertical relationship between the maxillary sinus and the maxillary first molar tooth root (p > 0.05). This is because the volume of the maxillary sinus decreases with age, leading to an increased distance between the maxillary sinus and the tooth roots.
The role of radiographic imaging and finite element analysis in evaluating occlusal loads and stress distribution in the periodontal ligament
Authors: Nainggolan Lidya Irani , Priaminiarti Menik , Kiswanjaya Bramma , Iskandar Hanna Bachtiar
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Biomechanical behavior analysis of the periodontal ligament (PDL) under various loading conditions is essential for understanding the impact of occlusal force distribution. A comprehensive understanding of this aspect is fundamental, and radiographic examination is a crucial modality for evaluating periodontal health. This review aims to illustrate the role of radiographic examination in influencing dental prognosis through the use of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to assess occlusal load and stress distribution in PDLs.
Review: Radiographic imaging techniques are critical for assessing the extent of occlusal trauma and its impact on the periodontal ligament and surrounding structures. Modalities such as conventional radiography, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) are commonly used to evaluate occlusal load. Studies have demonstrated that a balanced occlusal scheme results in a more uniform stress distribution, while an unbalanced scheme leads to localized stress concentrations, increasing the risk of periodontal damage. FEA has emerged as a powerful tool for simulated and visualizing stress patterns in the PDL and quantitatively calculating stresses and deformations in the periodontium. Technological advances in imaging, when applied in conjunction with finite element computational techniques, have shown that oblique loading results in higher stress concentrations compared to vertical loading, particularly in the PDL of mandibular first molars. These higher stresses, often observed in the cervical and apical regions, highlight the potential for more significant PDL damage, making it useful for evaluating bone loss and PDL integrity. for eligibility and completeness of journals.
Conclusion: Integration of advance radiographic imaging with FEA has significantly enhanced the understanding of occlusal load and stress distribution in the periodontal ligament. This advancement has propelled the field of periodontal biomechanics, offering very valuable insights into PDL’s biomechanical behavior as it responds to varying occlusal loads, to optimize outcomes in periodontal and orthodontic care.
Odontogenic sinusitis due to radix perforation into the maxillary sinus on CBCT radiograph: a case report
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan , Fitria Ivony , Nismal Harfindo , Sari Desy Purnama
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The purpose of this article was to provide an overview and examination guide in identifying odontogenic sinusitis due to radix perforation into the maxillary sinus by dental action or iatrogenic in dentistry using the CBCT modality.
Case Report: A 33-year-old female patient presented to the Radiology Installation of RSGM Andalas University with a referral for CBCT, following a diagnosis of odontogenic sinusitis. According to the patient’s medical history, she had been experiencing headache and dizziness for five months after a tooth extraction. The CBCT scan revealed remnants of a tooth root (radix) perforating into the right maxillary sinus, surrounded by a radiopaque intermediate area. Sinus perforation is a known occurrence in dentistry, and it requires thorough diagnostic imaging for proper evaluation. The tooth root remnants are typically located in the premolar and molar regions, near the base or medial wall of the sinus. The size of the tooth fragments within the sinus can be precisely measured, and the relationship of the remaining fragments to the maxillary sinus anatomy can be clearly defined. This detailed information enables clinicians to assess the extent of the lesion and its impact on surrounding structures, allowing for the development of an appropriate treatment plan for the patient.
Conclusion: CBCT is a very adequate modality for supporting the examination of cases of residual tooth roots perforated to the sinuses because it can provide detailed information about the position, size, and relationship with the surrounding anatomy.
Impact of power lines on bird mortality in a subalpine area
Authors:   Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Norway, Bevanger K. , Broseth H. ,   Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Norway
Published: February 2025

Four sections of power lines, amounting to 4,000 km, in a subalpine area of southern Norway were patrolled from April 1989 to June 1995 to record birds killed when colliding with the overhead wires. A total of 399 dead birds and bird remains were identified as collision victims. At least 24 species were identified among the victims, the majority only represented by a few individuals. Ptarmigan (Lagopus spp.), particularly Willow ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus), made up 80% of the victims. Season, power-line section and ptarmigan abundance affected the collision rate of this species. The highest rate was found in winter, marginally higher than in spring. Few collided with the power lines in autumn, and none were identified as victims in summer. On average, the annual minimum ptarmigan collision rate was found to be 5.3 birds/km power line. The only parameter with a predictable effect on the probability of ptarmigan collisions was the height of the trees, as collision spots tended to be in places with low trees. Mortality due to power lines was, on average at least 2.4 times higher than the annual ptarmigan hunting bag in the area during this 6-year study.
Analysis of the Influence of Germas Implementation on the Health of the Elderly in the Working Area of the Brohol Tebing Tinggi Health Center
Authors: Asrinab Asrinab , Effendy Ismail , Nasution Ramadhani Syafitri
Published: February 2025

The low implementation of germas has a great impact on public health, namely the increase in the number of diseases in the elderly. This study aims to analyze the effect of the implementation of Germas on the health of the elderly in the working area of the Berohol Tebing Tinggi Health Center.This study uses a type of quantitative research analytical survey with a cross sectional study design. The location of this research was carried out in the working area of the Berohol Tebing Tinggi Health Center. The research population is all elderly people who visit and actively participate in the Germas activity program in the work area of the Berohol Tebing Tinggi health center as many as 216 people. The number of samples in this study is 68 people. The technique used is purposive sampling. The survey data was analyzed using the chi-square test and logistics regression. The results of the study showed that there was an influence of physical activity on the health of the elderly, there was an influence of fruit and vegetable consumption culture on the health of the elderly who followed the implementation of Germas in the work area of the Berohol Health Center, there was an effect of smoking on the health of the elderly, there was an effect of not consuming alcoholic beverages on the health of the elderly, there was an effect of conducting periodic health checks on the health of the elderly, there was an effect of maintaining environmental cleanliness on the health of the elderly. health of the elderly who follow the implementation of Germas in the work area of the Brohol Tebing Tinggi Health Center, there is an influence of using latrines on the health of the elderly. The variable that most affects the health of the elderly who follow the implementation of Germas in the work area of the Brohol Tebing Tinggi health center is the variable of conducting periodic health checks. Based on the results of the research, it is suggested that the health center be more aggressive in promoting Germas activities and improving health services specifically for the elderly as well as providing input and improvement of the Germas program.
Analysis of the Implementation of the First Level Outpatient Referral for Bpjs Kesehatan Participants at the Medan City Exemplary Health Center in 2023
Authors: Lubis Anisah , Asriwati Asriwati , Subaedah Sitti
Published: February 2025

The Social Security Administration Agency or BPJS Kesehatan recorded a total of 267.31 million participants as of December 31, 2023. If they need follow-up services by a specialist doctor, BPJS Kesehatan participants can be referred to second-level health facilities or secondary-level health facilities. The causes of the high number of referrals at the Teladan Health Center are due to: inadequate availability of doctors, delays in the availability of drugs and frequent vacancies in drug stocks, lack of availability of medical facilities and medical equipment and the implementation of the FKTP function as a gatekeeper does not follow the established rules. This research is a qualitative descriptive research, which is a research method that is carried out with the main purpose of making an overview or description of a situation objectively, with a semi-structured interview method, which is a type of interview that includes the category of in-depth interviews recorded using a tape recorder where in its implementation it is freer when compared to structured interviews. The results of the study obtained from this study are that there are still many referrals on their own request because patients do not trust the health center, resulting in a high number of referrals. The number of health workers at the Teladan Health Center has met the standards, but neurologists and cardiologists are needed because many of the patients referred have internal diseases. Medicines, medical devices, medical device facilities and infrastructure facilities at the Teladan Health Center are incomplete and there is a lack of public knowledge about the gatekeeper concept so that there are frequent APS referrals. It is hoped that the Exemplary Health Center to the Head of the Health Center will propose the addition of Specialist Doctors to the Medan City Health Office, re-evaluate drug planning, provide socialization to the public about JKN, especially the tiered referral system and about the gatekeeper concept. The Medan City Health Office is also expected to collaborate with health centers in completing medical equipment and medicine facilities.
Factors Affecting Stunting in Toddlers in the Working Area of the UPTD Puskesmas Deleng Pokhisen Aceh Tenggara
Authors: Syamsir Wira Presty , Nuraini Nuraini , Nasution Ramadhani Syafitri
Published: February 2025

Background: Stuntingis a condition of failure to thrive in children under five years old (babies under five years) resulting from chronic malnutrition so that the child is too short for his age. Stunting has the potential to slow down brain development, with long-term impacts in the form of mental retardation, low learning ability, and the risk of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the factors that influence stunting in toddlers in the UPTD Puskemas Deleng Pokhisen Aceh Tenggara. Research Method: This research uses quantitative methods with a cross sectional design and sampling using total sampling. The population and research sample were 210 respondents, namely mothers who had stunted toddlers. This research uses a questionnaire. The research time is June - July 2024. This research analysis uses Univariate, Bivariate and Multivariate. The statistical tests used are the chi-square test and logistic regression. Research Results: Research results regarding the influence of maternal height p value= 0.006, history of diarrheal disease p value= 0.049, family income p value= 0.003, diet p value= 0.001 with stunting in toddlers. Based on the results of the logistic regression test, the most influential variable was a history of diarrhea with an Exp(B) value of 2.769. Conclusion: The conclusion in this study is that there is an influence on maternal height, history of diarrhea, family income, and eating patterns on stunting among toddlers in the UPTD Puskemas Deleng Pokhisen Aceh Tenggara. In order to reduce the prevalence of stunting in toddlers, it is hoped that the Health Service, Community Health Centers, especially health workers, will collaborate to increase health promotion about stunting, the risk of diarrheal disease due to stunting, the benefits of family income and the importance of a good diet for toddlers.