bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le somatopsychique comme résistance dans les cliniques péri-pubertaires de l'excitation
Authors: Boucherat-Hue Valérie , Peretti Pascale , Rolland Annie
Published: April 2013

Le processus d’« adultisation » est une étape développementale particulièrement périlleuse, en ce qu’elle fait suite à l’envahissement pulsionnel pubertaire qui nécessite une médiatisation opérante dans la confrontation au réel et au social. À partir de la clinique de l’actualisation somatique, qui témoigne de la précarité des ressources mentales face à un conflit psychique, et s’accompagne dans certains cas de la mise en œuvre d’une défense caractéro-comportementale, constitutive du handicap somatopsychique, mais susceptible de permettre de contre-investir les effets d’un trauma archaïque, nous proposons ici d’interroger les problématiques de l’excitation corporopsychique, et de discuter du concept d’(ab)négation comme mécanisme défensif spécifique, distinct des autres formes classiques de négation défensive.
Mimes et pensées. D'une mise en scène vers une mise en sens
Authors: Lefévère Frédéric , Guillier-Pasut Nathalie
Published: April 2013

Cet article constitue pour nous l’occasion de présenter et d’interroger un dispositif de médiation corporelle à destination d’adolescents hospitalisés dans une unité de pédopsychiatrie. Il s’agira de montrer comment la proposition d’utiliser des tissus et le mime, comme espace de mobilisation du corps, peut constituer un support à la subjectivation et à la transformation psychique, tout spécialement à cette période-là de la vie.
Alcoolisations et alcoolisme à l'adolescence : L.O.L. ?
Authors: Gardien Frédérique
Published: April 2013

La réticence spécifiquement française à interroger les alcoolisations adolescentes d’une part, un possible alcoolisme de l’adolescent d’autre part, obligent à une réflexion sur la réalité du concept d’économie addictive, lequel ne saurait être confondu avec celui de dépendance à un produit. Dans ces conditions, non seulement l’alcoolisme de l’adolescent ne relève pas d’une construction fantasmatique, mais il nous semble intéressant de questionner ces deux expressions de la consommation d’alcool comme une tentative d’échapper à l’emprise d’un mode de relation trop fusionnelle, ne donnant lieu qu’à la conquête d’une pseudo-autonomisation.
Une clinique non constituée
Authors: Dana Guy , Tassel Anne
Published: April 2013

Dans un temps de mutation technologique l’adolescent contemporain fabrique de nouvelles modalités d’organisation intersubjectives (SMS, chat, mail, réseaux, etc.) en produisant les figures multiples de ses nouveaux repères. L’auteure nous invite à suivre le moment chaotique de cette évolution, de façon fragmentaire, comme le propose le mode en rupture de l’abécédaire.
L'autre du génie : valeurs et usages du bizarre
Authors: Perras Jean-Alexandre
Published: April 2013

S’il est une négativité du bizarre et une positivité du génie, au xviii e siècle, c’est d’abord parce que ces deux figures se distinguent communément d’une certaine norme. Leur articulation pivote autour de la notion polyvalente d’« originalité », évaluée selon la manière dont elle est digérée par la communauté. Il y a une faille entre les usages et l’innovation, dans laquelle le bizarre tombe et que comble le génie, mettant au jour la difficile négociation entre le singulier et le commun.
Bonneville et le Cercle social, ou le bizarre en Révolution
Authors: Brasart Patrick
Published: April 2013

Jugé « bizarre » par ses contemporains, Bonneville, poète, traducteur, acteur de la Révolution, témoigne des valences diverses de cet adjectif (en train de se charger de valeurs nouvelles), tant par le « Cercle social », entreprise composite et bigarrée, que par ses conceptions illuministes, confrontant la raison avec ce qui la dépasse, et par l’écart de son œuvre critique et poétique par rapport à la norme néo-classique alors dominante.
Diogène au quinquet : poétique de la Fantasmagorie
Authors: Delmas Marie-Laure
Published: April 2013

Dans les Emblèmes de la Raison , J. Starobinski ausculte les événements de l’Histoire. Échappant à la raison, la capacité d’invention du regard – que nous appellerons bizarre – invite à rapprocher la marche de la Révolution de l’expérience de la lumière. Ce qui permet d’interroger un spectacle de lumière et d’ombre, la Fantasmagorie de Robertson, dont le parcours met à l’épreuve le partage entre art et science, engageant l’Histoire et son interprétation.
Le monstre goyesque : figuration grotesque d'un imaginaire enfantin
Authors: Vázquez Lydia
Published: April 2013

Si le baroque affermissait les consciences en contrastant les beautés du présent et la mort à venir, le rococo actualise les signes de la violence et du trépas dans la plénitude même de la vie. C’est de cet imaginaire rococo, bizarre, étrange, ambigu, issu des fantasmes de l’enfance, âge insouciant dont les rêves sont peuplés de monstres, que Goya tire un panorama bifrons unique. On tentera de classer ces images dans leur bizarre et inquiétante réversibilité.
Le critique amateur. Esquisse de Pierre Lièvre
Authors: Dantal Didier
Published: April 2013

Critique atypique, Pierre Lièvre (1882-1939) revendiqua avec fierté, dans les années 1920, cette épithète d’ amateur , qu’à la suite de Valery Larbaud il contribua à rehausser. Ne jugeant jamais qu’en fonction de son seul plaisir, il créa sa propre forme d’écriture, qu’il baptisa du nom d’ esquisse , forme d’étude brève, par définition inachevée, centrée sur la qualité individuelle des écrivains.
Stiffness Modeling and Analysis of Passive Four-Bar Parallelogram in Fully Compliant Parallel Positioning Stage
Authors: Jia X. , Tian Y. , Zhang D. , Liu J.
Published: April 2013

In order to investigate the influence of the stiffness of the compliant prismatic pair, a planar four-bar parallelogram, in a fully compliant parallel mechanism, the stiffness model of the passive compliant prismatic pair in a compliant parallel positioning stage is established using the compliant matrix method and matrix transformation. The influences of the constraints and the compliance of the connecting rods on the flexibility characteristics of the prismatic pair are studied based on the developed model. The relative geometric parameters are changed to show the rules of the stiffness variation and to obtain the demands for simplification in the stiffness modeling of the prismatic pair. Furthermore, the finite element analysis has been conducted to validate the analytical model.
Dynamic Modeling, Simulation and Velocity Control of Rocker-Bogie Rover for Space Exploration
Authors: Kumar Pushpendra , Pathak Pushparaj Mani
Published: April 2013

Wheeled mobile rovers are being used in various missions for planetary surface exploration. In this paper a six-wheeled rover with rocker-bogie structure has been analyzed for planar case. The detailed kinematic model of the rover was built and the dynamic model was derived based on bond graph. The simulation studies were performed for obstacle climbing capability of the rover. It was observed from the study that rover can pass through plane surface, inclined surface, and inclined ditch without any control on the actuators of the rover. However, it fails to cross a vertical ditch so a velocity controller was designed. It consists of a proportional integral (PI) controller and reduced model of the rover. It is found from simulation and animation studies that with the proposed velocity controller the rover is able to cross the vertical ditch.
Modeling, Simulation and Motion Cues Visualization of a Six-DOF Motion Platform for Micro-Manipulations
Authors: Asif Umar , Iqbal Javaid
Published: April 2013

This paper examines the problem of realizing a 6-DOF motion platform by proposing a closed loop kinematic architecture that benefits from an anthropological serial manipulator design. In contrast to standard motion platforms based on linear actuators, a mechanism with actuator design inspired from anthropological kinematic structure offers a relatively larger motion envelope and higher dexterity making it a viable motion platform for micromanipulations. The design consists of a motion plate connected through only revolute hinges for the passive joints, and three legs located at the base as the active elements. In this hybrid kinematic structure, each leg is connected to the top (motion) plate through three revolute hinges and to the bottom (fixed) plate through a single revolute joint forming a closed-loop kinematic chain. The paper describes the mathematical modeling of the proposed design and demonstrates its simulation model using SimMechanics and xPC Target for real-time simulations and visualization of the motion cues.
Bond Graph Modeling and Computational Control Analysis of a Rigid-Flexible Space Robot in Work Space
Authors: Kumar Amit , Pathak Pushparaj Mani , Sukavanam N.
Published: April 2013

The combination of a rigid and a flexible link in a space robot is an interesting field of study from modeling and control point of view. This paper presents the bond graph modeling and overwhelming trajectory control of a rigid-flexible space robot in its work space using the Jacobian based controller. The flexible link is modeled as Euler Bernoulli beam. Bond graph modeling is used to model the dynamics of the system and to devise the control strategy, by representing the dynamics of both rigid and flexible links in a unified manner. The scheme has been verified using simulation for a rigid-flexible space manipulator with two links.
Experimental Study of Laser Interferometry Based Motion Tracking of a Flexure-Based Mechanism
Authors: Bhagat Umesh , Shirinzadeh Bijan , Tian Yanling
Published: April 2013

This paper presents an experimental study of laser interferometry-based closed-loop motion tracking for flexure-based four-bar micro/nano manipulator. To enhance the accuracy of micro/nano manipulation, laser interferometry-based motion tracking control is established with experimental facility. The authors present and discuss open-loop control, model-based closed-loop control, and robust motion tracking closed-loop control for flexure-based mechanism. A comparative error analysis for closed-loop control with capacitive position sensor and laser interferometry feedback is discussed and presented. Model-based closed-loop control shows improvement in position and motion tracking over open-loop control. Robust control demonstrates high precise and accurate motion tracking of flexure-based mechanism compared to the model-based control. With this experimental study, this paper offers evidence that the laser interferometry-based closed-loop control can minimize positioning and tracking errors during dynamic motion, hence realizing high precision motion tracking and accurate position control.
Which is Better?
Authors: Mostafa Kazi , Her Innchyn , Her Jonathan M.
Published: April 2013

Natural multiped gaits are believed to evolve from countless generations of natural selection. However, do they also prove to be better choices for walking machines? This paper compares two surefooted gaits, one natural and the other artificial, for six-legged animals or robots. In these gaits four legs are used to support the body, enabling greater stability and tolerance for faults. A standardized hexapod model was carefully examined as it moved in arbitrary directions. The study also introduced a new factor in addition to the traditional stability margin criterion to evaluate the equilibrium of such gaits. Contrary to the common belief that natural gaits would always provide better stability during locomotion, these results show that the artificial gait is superior to the natural gait when moving transversely in precarious conditions.
Design and Validation of Force Control Loops for a Parallel Manipulator
Authors: Carbone Giuseppe , Villegas Enrique , Ceccarelli Marco
Published: April 2013

This paper addresses problems for design and validation of force control loops for a 3-DOF parallel manipulator in drilling applications. In particular, the control design has been investigated for a built prototype of CaPaMan2bis at LARM (Laboratory of Robotics and Mechatronics of Cassino). Two control loops have been developed, each one with two types of controllers. The first one is a Constrained Control Loop, which limits the force that is applied to an object to stay below a given value. The second one is a Standard Control Loop with external force feedback, which keeps the force at a given value. The control loops have been implemented on CaPaMan2bis by a Virtual Instrument in LABVIEW Software. CaPaMan2bis has been attached to a serial robot to make dynamic tests. The results of the experimental tests show the effectiveness and quick response of both algorithms after a careful calibration process.
High Performance Control of Stewart Platform Manipulator Using Sliding Mode Control with Synchronization Error
Authors: Shiferaw Dereje , Jain Anamika , Mitra R.
Published: April 2013

This paper presents the design and analysis of a high performance robust controller for the Stewart platform manipulator. The controller is a variable structure controller that uses a linear sliding surface which is designed to drive both tracking and synchronization errors to zero. In the controller the model based equivalent control part of the sliding mode controller is computed in task space and the discontinuous switching controller part is computed in joint space and hence it is a hybrid of the two approaches. The hybrid implementation helps to reduce computation time and to achieve high performance in task space without the need to measure or estimate 6DOF task space positions. Effect of actuator friction, backlash and parameter variation due to loading have been studied and simulation results confirmed that the controller is robust and achieves better tracking accuracy than other types of sliding mode controllers and simple PID controller.
Kinematic Isotropic Configuration of Spatial Cable-Driven Parallel Robots
Authors: Hadian Hamoon , Fattah Abbas
Published: April 2013

In this paper, the authors study the kinematic isotropic configuration of spatial cable-driven parallel robots by means of four different methods, namely, (i) symbolic method, (ii) geometric workspace, (iii) numerical workspace and global tension index (GTI), and (iv) numerical approach. The authors apply the mentioned techniques to two types of spatial cable-driven parallel manipulators to obtain their isotropic postures. These are a 6-6 cable-suspended parallel robot and a novel restricted three-degree-of-freedom cable-driven parallel robot. Eventually, the results of isotropic conditions of both cable robots are compared to show their applications.
The Inevitability of Library Automation
Authors: Iglesias Edward
Published: April 2013

Library automation is considered in terms of technological directionality citing sources from various disciplines including the work of various theorists in the field. A brief history of library automation is followed by a look at library organizational structure and how it might be affected by technology in the future just as it has been by technology in the past. Finally, with a strong nod to pioneering economic theorists Brynjolfsson & McAfee there is a discussion on how Artificial Intelligence will affect library jobs and organization in the future. This chapter looks at the history of library automation within the context of technological directionality. Much has been written about the history and evolution of libraries, but less as to the eventual consequences of automation. The author seeks to correct this by looking at how current workflows and departments will be impacted by the use of Artificial Intelligence in automated processes to take over work formerly done by trained library professionals. For the purposes of this chapter, these AIs and automated processes are referred to as robots, that is, automatons which take over work formerly done by humans. Finally, some suggestions will be made as to how a library might be restructured in light of these developments.
Streamlining Access to Library Resources with LibX
Authors: Bailey Annette , Back Godmar
Published: April 2013

LibX is a platform that allows libraries to create customized web browser extensions that simplify direct access to library resources and services. LibX provides multiple user interfaces, including popups, context menus, and contextualized cues to direct the user’s attention to these resources. LibX is supported by two toolbuilder applications - the Edition Builder and the LibApp Builder – which allow anyone to create, manage, and share LibX configurations and applications. These tools automate the process of software creation and distribution, allowing librarians to become software distributors. This chapter provides background and history of the LibX project, as well as in-depth analysis of the design and use of the LibX Edition Builder that has helped enable its success.
Development of Academic Library Automation in Brazil
Authors: Viana Michelângelo Mazzardo Marques
Published: April 2013

The automation of university libraries in Brazil underwent a restraint of trade on computers and software, which took place in the country between 1980 and 1990, restricting the initial use of automation systems. However, they were often developed in creative ways: systems and applications were created and used in various universities, some as free software, others based on the ISIS platform from Unesco, in addition to using modern foreign systems, which only occurred in the 1990’s. This chapter provides a historical overview of the development of automation in the country’s university libraries, from the moment in which Brazilian researchers began to disseminate information technology, creating an automation culture in higher education institutions. Many people and institutions have also contributed to promoting and implementing automation in university libraries. This paper is on future perspectives of academic library automation in Brazil with discovery tools, next generation cloud-based systems and library automation equipment. Some possible future developments are also presented.
Thematic structural studies in the Slave Province, Northwest Territories: the Sleepy Dragon Complex
Authors: Bleeker W
Published: April 2013

The geometry of the Sleepy Dragon Complex, a controversial structure in the Yellowknife Domain of the Archean Slave province, is shown to be a mushroom interference pattern between regional F1 and F2 folds. Critical evidence in favour of a F1 fold hinge on the
western side of the complex is provided by a change in vergence of the S1 schistosity and coplanar bulk flattening planes in pillows. The Sleepy Dragon Complex basement uplift was initiated as a high-amplitude F1 anticline, not as a syn-depositional horst.

A well-preserved quartzite/banded iron-formation assemblage underlies the Cameron River basalt at Patterson Lake. This assemblage is cross-cut by the deformed and metamorphosed dykes that likely fed the Cameron River basalt. It is suggested that the contact between the Cameron River basalt pile and
an overlying rhyolite unit represents an intravolcanic, angular unconformity that is laterally equivalent with the unconformity at the base of the Raquette Lake Formation.
The application of digital geophysical data to the restoration of crustal deformation in the Canadian Shield, Ontario
Authors: Bird R T , Roest W R , Pilkington M , Ernst R E , Buchan K L
Published: April 2013

Digital geophysical data have been used recently for plate tectonic reconstructions in oceanic settings, and we demonstrate a similar approach here for the restoration of crustal deformation in a continental regime. The technique accounts for nonuniformly
distributed strain and enables our reconstruction of two gridded data sets as examples. First, we use the deformed Matachewan dyke swarm as a primary strain marker for deformation in the central Superior Province associated with the Kapuskasing structural zone. Reconstructed aeromagnetic data reveal
the three subswarms of linear Matachewan dykes radiating from a broad focal region, indicative of dyke injection from a mantle plume. Second, we reconstruct gravity data from the Sudbury Structure and illustrate its near circular geometry prior to deformation, which supports an impact origin for
this feature. Restored data sets may be used to examine the continuity of other geological features, refine estimates of deformation, and identify other possible tectonic events.
Geometric aspects of a large extensional vein, Donalda deposit, Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec
Authors: Robert F , Boullier A M , Firdaous K
Published: April 2013

The Donalda gold deposit in the Noranda district of the Abitibi belt is an unusually extensive shallow-dipping quartz vein covering nearly 0.5 km2. A detailed structural analysis of the vein shows that it consists of dominant shallowly south-dipping arrays of
extensional veins, moderately south-dipping, east-west reverse shear zones, and a poorly developed conjugate set of north-dipping reverse shear zones. Local continuity of vein quartz between the three types of structures indicates their contemporaneity. The shallow-dip arrays consist of overlapping
first-order extensional veins linked by moderately dipping second-order extensional veins; the shallow-dip arrays are interpreted as þextensionalþ arrays formed perpendicular to the minimum external strain axis. The kinematics and nature of the different structures indicate that the Donalda deposit
formed as a result of north-south shortening and subvertical elongation, common to many gold-quartz vein deposits in southern Abitibi belt.
Young South Africans and cultural (mal)practice: Breaking the silence in recent writing
Authors: Jacobs Johan U.
Published: April 2013

This article considered the literary representation of young South Africans coming of age within a post-apartheid, multicultural context and forging for themselves a modern identity across a divide between, and also within, cultures. They identify themselves with the global West, but also subscribe to indigenous African values, whilst recognising how they themselves have been damaged by corrupted cultural practices. Postcolonial theories of identity-formation – Said’s argument that post-imperial cultures are all hybrid and heterogeneous, Bhabha’s interstitial ‘third space’ where postcolonial identities are produced through processes of negotiation and translation, Hall’s theory that cultural identity is based on differences and discontinuities rather than on fixed essences, De Kock’s notion of a ‘cultural seam’ or site where cultures both differ and converge and difference and sameness are sutured together, Nuttall’s notion of entanglement, and Clingman’s theory of the transitive self – are used for understanding how young South Africans are shown in recent writing as having been shaped by traditional cultural practices and also damaged by cultural malpractices. Texts chosen for discussion are Adam Ashforth’s Madumo, about witchcraft, Russell Kaschula’s short story,‘Six teaspoons of sweetness’ and Gcina Mhlope’s short story, ‘Nokulunga’s wedding’, both of which deal with ukuthwala [forced marriage abduction] and, finally, Thando Mgqolozana’s novel, A man who is not a man, which deals with the consequences of a botched traditional circumcision. The article argued that self-reflexive critical and imaginative engagement by young people with the cultures that have formed – and deformed – them is a mark of the true coming-of-age of postcolonial and post-apartheid writing.
Improved characterization of frozen soil processes in the Versatile Soil Moisture Budget model
Authors: Mohammed Getachew A. , Hayashi Masaki , Farrow Christopher R. , Takano Yasuhide
Published: April 2013

Mohammed, G. A., Hayashi, M., Farrow, C. R. and Takano, Y. 2013. Improved characterization of frozen soil processes in the Versatile Soil Moisture Budget model. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 511–531. Soil freezing and thawing influence the infiltration of rain and snow melt water and subsequent redistribution, runoff generation, and a host of other processes. Accurate characterization of frozen soil processes in hydrological models is important for their use in managing agricultural activities and water resources. The Versatile Soil Moisture Budget (VSMB) is a relatively simple soil water balance model, which has been widely used in Canada for several decades, but its application has primarily been for crop-growing seasons. We have modified the VSMB to include new algorithms for snow accumulation and melt, soil freezing and thawing, and snowmelt infiltration and runoff; and evaluated its performance using field data from a grassland site in Alberta. The new VSMB model simulates snow processes with reasonable accuracy and predicts the day of thawing within several days of observation. It also estimates the amount of runoff and its inter-annual variability reasonably well, although the model still has limitations in accurately predicting the vertical distribution of water content. Despite these limitations, the model will be useful for estimating the amount of snowmelt runoff that provides the critical water inputs to wetlands and dugouts, and for understanding the effects of landuse variability on these processes.
The effects of soil freeze–thaw on soil aggregate breakdown and concomitant sediment flow in Prince Edward Island: A review
Authors: Edwards Linnell M.
Published: April 2013

Edwards, L. M. 2013. The effects of soil freeze–thaw on soil aggregate breakdown and concomitant sediment flow in Prince Edward Island: A review. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 459–472. The importance of aggregate size and integrity in soil productivity and crop production is paramount, and aggregate size reduction or increase invariably becomes a primary concern in such soil management practices as tillage and organic matter manipulation. In this regard, therefore, the present review looks particularly at the consequence of freeze–thaw cycling (FTC) on agricultural lands in Prince Edward Island (PEI) where an annual average of 40 cycles induce measurable aggregate breakdown with mixed consequences. On the one extreme, the consequences are manifest in increased soil erosion. On the other extreme, reduced (or reversed) soil compaction and improved seedbed conditions are welcomed consequences where temperature alternation breaks up hard pans or soil clods, or where the predominance of smaller aggregates can be an asset in seedbed environments, favouring improved crop emergence and early-spring establishment. In the PEI soils studied, the greatest changes in aggregate size distribution with FTC occurred in the largest and smallest size fractions wherein fractions <0.5 mm showed a 33% average increase while, simultaneously, the 4.75–9.5 mm fractions showed a 28% average decrease. This breakdown is reflected most contrastingly where FTCs to maximum (asymptotic) breakdown averaged up to 3.5 times for a loam as it did for a sandy loam or a fine sandy loam soil. This review also examines FTC in a broader agricultural and environmental context where it can potentially impact agro-sustainability. Where FTC effects on a fine sandy loam were measured in terms of erosion, there was a sediment mass increase of about 90% in interrill flow and about 25% in rill flow. Further, this review emphasizes methodology that has proven to be workable under the circumstances of PEI's dominant agricultural soils and the FTC research objectives that they helped to shape. It was considered important in this review, also, to highlight the need for expanded research (commencing with regional cooperation), particularly on frost depth, to feed into moisture-availability modelling towards improved clarity for end-user benefit.
Drawing on Wilcock: An Investigation of the Impact of Her Published Work on Occupational Therapy Practice and Research
Authors: Kosma Anastasia , Bryant Wendy , Wilson Lesley
Published: April 2013

Introduction:

Ann Wilcock's published work identifies the fundamental importance of occupation in promoting health, wellbeing and even survival. Despite the implications for occupational therapy, the impact of her work has not been comprehensively explored. This research investigated how her ideas were used in published research from 1993 to 2007.

Method and findings:

Mixed methods obtained two sets of data. First, qualitative data from a textual analysis of Wilcock's published work were analysed and used to create a glossary and a conceptual framework of her ideas. Secondly, content analysis of 48 research papers yielded 121 citations, which were coded into categories. The findings indicated that her ideas did not appear to be embraced fully by other authors and were sometimes applied superficially.

Discussion:

The conceptual framework was refined and finalised, to demonstrate how Wilcock's ideas are interrelated. It is presented as a means of developing an accessible occupational perspective for research and practice.
Occupational Therapy Research for the Ageing European Population: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Iwarsson Susanne
Published: April 2013

The ageing society is one of the grand challenges of our time, and European researchers are encouraged to cooperate to contribute to the knowledge development required to turn the challenges into sustainable solutions. There is a need for interdisciplinary, cross-national research to increase the understanding of the European diversity of ageing. Against this background, this opinion piece focuses on the implications for occupational therapy research. The occupational therapy perspective is strong and future oriented, with great potential to support active and healthy ageing. This article challenges occupational therapy research traditions and outlines avenues for future developments.
Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength and Debonding Properties of a Conventional Composite and Flowable Composites used for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding
Authors: Shivalinga BM , Pradeep S , Shanthraj Ravi , Kiran H Jyothi
Published: April 2013

Aim

To evaluate and compare shear bond strength (SBS) and debonding characters of the Transbond XT (BisGMA-based composite), Esthet-X flow (flowable composite), Filtek Z-350 (flowable composite).

Materials and methods

A total of 90 human premolars were divided into group I, Transbond XT (n = 30); group II, Esthet-X flow (n = 30) and group III, Filtek Z-350 (n = 30), the preadjusted edgewise stainless steel premolar brackets were bonded to evaluate the shear bond and debonding properties.

Results

The results of the statistical analysis comparing the three groups indicated no statistically significant differences between the groups. In general, the SBS with groups I and III exhibited similar bond strength with 11.58 ± 1.3 MPa and 11.07 ± 1.0 MPa respectively. Groups III exhibited least bond strength of 10.7 ± 2 MPa. In modified adhesive remnant index (ARI) the majority of bond failures occurred at enamel-adhesive interface or cohesive type failure in all the three groups. Groups II and III showed increased frequency of score 2, 4 and 5 compared to group I which showed increased frequency of score 0 and 1.

Conclusion

When considering the SBS and ARI scores obtained, flowable composites can be effectively applied to orthodontic bracket bonding.

How to cite this article

Pradeep S, Shanthraj R, Kiran HJ, Shivalinga BM. Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength and Debonding Properties of a Conventional Composite and Flowable Composites used for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding. World J Dent 2013;4(1):6-16.
Facial Divine Proportions in Attractive North Indian Females: A Photographic Study
Authors: Tripathi Anand Awadhesh , Tandon Ragni Pradip , Hantodkar Navin
Published: April 2013

Purpose

The purpose of the study is to find the divine proportion in young attractive North Indian women.

Materials and methods

Thirty young unmarried women perceived to be attractive out of 100 subjects (18-26 years age group) representing North Indian population were selected by a panel of judges from different background. Divine proportions were evaluated in these women by using Ricketts RM (1982) Divine Proportion Analysis on frontal facial photographs.

Results and observations

The subjects in the group adhered to the golden proportions. The ‘t’ test was significant (t < 2.05) for facial height and width ratios.

Conclusion

Ratios in transverse and vertical dimension as well as soft tissue of attractive face affirm to the divine proportion.

How to cite this article

Tripathi AA, Tandon RP, Hantodkar N. Facial Divine Proportions in Attractive North Indian Females: A Photographic Study. World J Dent 2013;4(1):41-46.
An in vivo Study of Variations in the Canal Anatomy of Maxillary and Mandibular First Molar using Surgical Operating Microscope
Authors: Ahmed Sayed Abrar Bashir , Pawar Mansing Ganpati
Published: April 2013

Introduction

The success of endodontic therapy depends upon the ability of the clinician to locate, clean, shape and completely obturate all the root canal systems present in a tooth. In the recent times number of additional canals vs traditional canals has been very striking and pointing toward a greater degree of variation in the root canal morphology which needs to studied, understood and born in mind during practice so as to enhance the success. Introduction of surgical operating microscope is a major breakthrough in enhancement of vision in endodontics which not only gives required magnification but also coaxial illumination and video output. These facilities should be of a great help in location of small otherwise difficult to locate accessory canals.

Materials and methods

This in vivo study was planned to study variations in the canal anatomy of maxillary and mandibular first molar using surgical operating microscope using 200 first molar teeth, 100 maxillary and 100 mandibular groups, each group to be divided into 50 males and 50 female subgroups. After access opening chambers were cleaned, dried and observed and imaged under the microscope.

Results

The observations were recorded and incidences of variations in anatomy were analyzed subjecting the same to SPSS version 16.0.

Conclusion

It was observed that surgical operating microscope enhances clinician's ability to locate additional canals in the teeth.

How to cite this article

Abrar BAS, Pawar MG. An in vivo Study of Variations in the Canal Anatomy of Maxillary and Mandibular First Molar using Surgical Operating Microscope. World J Dent 2013;4(1):47-55.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Shivalinga BM , Avinash Bhagyalakshmi , Jain Sunny
Published: April 2013

When a new patient seeks orthodontic treatment, the orthodontist is obliged to treat the patient. But if that patient has a complaint which is inconspicuous or if he/she is not satisfied with the treatment provided, it worries the orthodontist what has to be done further.

There are a number of patients having a level of psychological distress that warrants intervention. Such patients visit the orthodontists for the correction of their ‘imagined’ defect. These patients are known to have body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).

In this article, we have made an attempt to create awareness among clinicians about BDD, its etiology, symptoms and management. This article also throws light on identifying such patients.

How to cite this article

Avinash B, Avinash BS, Shivalinga BM, Jain S. Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Orthodontic Patients. World J Dent 2013;4(1):56-59.
Management of the Mandibular Compromised Ridge: A Literature Review and Case Report
Authors: Yadav Harish , Dabas Nupur , Dabas Ashish
Published: April 2013

Restoration of the mandibular compromised ridge requires various treatment modalities. The simplest approach often is to extend the denture base adequately for proper use of all available supporting tissues. To achieve this goal a good impression of the mandibular resorbed ridge is very important. The impression should be able to record the tissue in a static as well as in functional form.

The aim of this article is to review various impression procedures for resorbed mandibular ridges and to describe functional impression technique in a patient with resorbed mandibular ridge. The ultimate goal, regardless of the treatment modality chosen, is to restore the patient to a level of satisfactory masticatory function.

How to cite this article

Dabas N, Dabas A, Yadav H. Management of the Mandibular Compromised Ridge: A Literature Review and Case Report. World J Dent 2013;4(1):67-71.
Universal Wire Grid for Implant Placement in Three Dimensions
Authors: Sharma Narendra S , Hazarey Pushpa V , Kamble RH , Sharma Preethi N
Published: April 2013

Implant used for skeletal anchorage offers clinical advantage of being smaller in size, ease of insertion and removal, the ability to load forces immediately and rapid healing. The risk of injury to dental roots during placement is one of the greatest concerns with implant especially when they are inserted between teeth.

Placement of implant to close to the root can also result in insufficient bone remodeling around the screw and transmission of occlusal forces through the teeth to the screw which can lead to implant failure. Therefore it is important to select insertion site carefully using clinical and radiographic evaluation. Many techniques have been used to facilitate safe placement of implant. Some or the others may be inconsistent in different radiographic view.

This article introduces a three-dimensional (3D) wire grid which is simple, reliable and accurate for placing implant in a single step which improves the insertion success rate.

How to cite this article

Sharma NS, Shrivastav SS, Hazarey PV, Kamble RH, Sharma PN. Universal Wire Grid for Implant Placement in Three Dimensions. World J Dent 2013;4(1): 74-76.
Proton affinities of candidates for positively charged ambient ions in the boreal forest
Authors: Ruusuvuori K. , Kurtén T. , Ortega I. K. , Faust J. , Vehkamäki H.
Published: April 2013

Abstract. The optimized structures and proton affinities of a total of 81 nitrogen-containing bases, chosen based on field measurements of ambient positive ions, were studied using the CBS-QB3 quantum chemical method. The results were compared to values given in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Chemistry WebBook in cases where a value was listed. The computed values show good agreement with the values listed in NIST. Grouping the molecules based on their molecular formula, the largest calculated proton affinities for each group were also compared with experimentally observed ambient cation concentrations in the boreal forest. This comparison allows us to draw qualitative conclusions about the relative ambient concentrations of different nitrogen-containing organic base molecules.
Desiccation-crack-induced salinization in deep clay sediment
Authors: Baram S. , Ronen Z. , Kurtzman D. , Külls C. , Dahan O.
Published: April 2013

Abstract. A study on water infiltration and solute transport in a clayey vadose zone underlying a dairy farm waste source was conducted to assess the impact of desiccation cracks on subsurface evaporation and salinization. The study is based on five years of continuous measurements of the temporal variation in the vadose zone water content and on the chemical and isotopic composition of the sediment and pore water in it. The isotopic composition of water stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) in water and sediment samples, from the area where desiccation crack networks prevail, indicated subsurface evaporation down to ~ 3.5 m below land surface, and vertical and lateral preferential transport of water, following erratic preferential infiltration events. Chloride (Cl−) concentrations in the vadose zone pore water substantially increased with depth, evidence of deep subsurface evaporation and down flushing of concentrated solutions from the evaporation zones during preferential infiltration events. These observations led to development of a desiccation-crack-induced salinization (DCIS) conceptual model. DCIS suggests that thermally driven convective air flow in the desiccation cracks induces evaporation and salinization in relatively deep sections of the subsurface. This conceptual model supports previous conceptual models on vadose zone and groundwater salinization in fractured rock in arid environments and extends its validity to clayey soils in semi-arid environments.
Transport processes at quartz-water interfaces: constraints from hydrothermal grooving experiments
Authors: Klevakina K. , Renner J. , Doltsinis N. , Adeagbo W.
Published: April 2013

Abstract. We performed hydrothermal annealing experiments on quartzite at temperatures of 392 to 568 °C and fluid pressures of 63 to 399 MPa for up to 120 h during which hydrothermal grooves developed on the free surfaces of the samples. Analysis of surface topology and groove characteristics with an atomic force microscope revealed a range of surface features associated with the simultaneous and successive operation of several processes partly depending on crystal orientation during the various stages of an experiment. Initially, dissolution at the quartzite-sample surface occurs to saturate the fluid in the capsule with SiO2. Subsequently, grooving controlled by diffusion processes takes place parallel to dissolution and precipitation due to local differences in solubility. Finally, quench products develop on grain surfaces during the termination of experiments. Average groove-root angle amounts to about 80° and slightly depends on temperature, run duration, and misorientation between neighboring grains. The grooving is thermally activated, i.e., groove depth ranging from 5 nm to several micrometers for the entire suite of experiments generally increases with temperature and/or run time. We use Mullins' classical theories to constrain kinetics parameters for the transport processes controlling the grooving. In the light of previous measurements of various diffusion coefficients in the system SiO2-H2O, interface diffusion of Si is identified as the most plausible rate-controlling process. Grooving could potentially proceed faster if the fluid were not convecting in the capsule. Characteristic times of healing of microfractures in hydrous environments constrained from these kinetics parameters are consistent with the order of magnitude of time scales over which healing occurs in-situ according to geophysical surveys and of recurrence intervals of earthquakes.
National Security and Good Governance: Dynamics and Challenges
Authors: Musarrat Razia , Afzal Rehman , Azhar Muhammad Salman
Published: April 2013

Post cold war era has different implications for all the sectors affecting human development and survival. A new approach has emerged that analyses these issues from the perspective of human development rather than state opportunities. This paper is an attempt to examine the changing dynamics of national security for Pakistan and to analyze the critical relationship and impact of good governance over national security in the wake of 21st century requirements. This paper presents an outline of issues and their underlying factors of good governance and explains the impact they have over defining and achieving national security goals. Concepts of both good governance and national security are revisited to frame guidelines for future implementation.
Latent gender inequalities in the well-being of physicians according to payment method for practicing medicine: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Peña-Sánchez Juan Nicolás , Lepnurm Rein , Bermedo-Carrasco Silvia
Published: April 2013

Background: Female physicians face extra challenges in their career development and tend to choose salary or other forms of alternative payment plans (APP). Fee-for-service (FFS) and APP may affect the well-being of female and male physicians differently. Three measures of well-being are: levels of career satisfaction, professional equity, and daily distress. The objectives are to identify differences in the levels of career satisfaction, fulfillment-recognition equity, and daily distress of physicians by gender and payment method, and to assess interactions between these two factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011 with physicians practicing in the Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatchewan, Canada. Resident physicians were excluded from the study. Eligible physicians completed a survey, assessing levels of daily distress, fulfillment-recognition equity, and career satisfaction as dependent variables. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), using the Wilks’ Lambda criterion, was conducted to study differences among the dependent variables by remuneration method and gender. Multiple comparisons were performed as post-hoc tests. Results: Nearly half (382) of the 794 eligible physicians completed the questionnaire; 37.2% were female. Half were remunerated by FFS, a quarter by APP, and the remainder by blended forms. Career satisfaction and fulfillment- recognition equity were positively correlated to each other and daily distress was negatively correlated with both. According to the MANOVA results, the dependent variables were affected by gender but not by payment method, and there was no evidence of an interaction effect between payment method and gender. Women reported lower levels of career satisfaction (p=0.01) and fulfillment-recognition equity (p=0.01), and higher levels of daily distress (p=0.03). Conclusion: Female physicians reported poorer well-being than male physicians. In contrast, no differences in the well-being were found among physicians paid by APP, blended methods, and FFS schemes. Further cross-national studies are recommended to study potential effects of APP on the identified gender inequalities.
Effect of housing and husbandry practices on adrenocortical activity in captive Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis)
Authors: Fanson KV , Wielebnowski NC
Published: April 2013

In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on the study and assessment of animal welfare in captive settings, such as zoological gardens and aquaria. Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) are a relatively common species in zoos, yet are known to exhibit frequent reproductive problems in captive environments. We provide an exploratory analysis of housing and husbandry factors that are associated with patterns of adrenocortical activity in lynx. Adrenocortical activity was assessed using the non-invasive technique of monitoring faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM). First, we calculated baseline FGM values for each individual and controlled for sex, age class, and reproductive status. The residual values were used to determine how levels of adrenocortical activity correlated with institutional husbandry practices. Second, we compared the occurrence of FGM peaks to events and disturbances recorded by keepers. Our results highlighted that adrenocortical activity is strongly correlated with: (i) the size of the enclosure; (ii) the number of hiding locations available; and (iii) the social environment. Based on our findings, we recommend that lynx should generally be housed alone (unless with dependant offspring or temporarily paired up for mating purposes), in larger enclosures and with the provision of several species-appropriate hiding locations.