bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curriculum System Design and Teaching Mode Innovation of English for Specialized Purposes Platform
Authors: Li Na
Published: April 2024

The current status of ESP teaching research is not optimistic, failing to eliminate the limitations and constraints of curriculum design and teaching mode. This study first utilizes the forward and back propagation algorithms in the deep learning network to extract features from the student sample data. The clustering center of the sample data and the weight value of each feature are calculated for the clustering results using the phase dissimilarity calculation of the improved K-prototypes algorithm. Through the analysis of the students’ motivation to learn English in a specific school, it is found that the factor of “achievement motivation” accounts for the most significant proportion, which is 55.80%, and most of the students’ specific motivation to learn English for particular purposes is “to obtain the graduation certificate”, which accounts for 95.3% of the students’ motivation. Most students were motivated to learn English for particular purposes mainly by obtaining a diploma, accounting for 95.3%. Among them, students in category 2 have a higher value of learning characteristics, with an average of 0.77. In contrast, students in category 5 have the lowest value of knowledge mastery, with an average of 0.26. This study lays a data foundation and support for the design and innovation of the English for Specialized Purposes platform. At the same time, the innovative teaching mode of English for Specialized Purposes proposed in this paper based on the CDIO teaching model provides a reference for teaching English for Specialized Purposes in the future.
Cloud Data Resources and Library Subject Information Services
Authors: Zhang Chen
Published: April 2024

In the evolving landscape of library services, propelled by advancements in Internet technology and service paradigms, this study utilizes cloud-based lending data from college libraries to improve user profiling and subject-specific lending. Integrating the K-means algorithm with a Boolean matrix-enhanced Apriori algorithm, we devise a data mining model that fine-tunes detecting patterns in user borrowing behaviors. This approach distinguishes five distinct subject areas: energy, computing, electronic communication, machinery, and environmental chemistry. The outcome reveals a bibliographic association rule mining confidence of up to 79.38%, a 30% increase over conventional methods. Moreover, it generates three notable 2-item sets. Our model introduces a groundbreaking way to offer personalized library services, significantly enriching the user experience with tailored subject information.
Digitized Perception of Piano Accompaniment in Songs with the Involvement of Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Liu Miaogu
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we use the Hanning window function to add windows to the piano accompaniment human brain perception signal, and the noise and redundant features in the piano accompaniment human brain perception signal are downgraded by principal component analysis and Relief algorithm for dimensionality reduction processing and feature selection. Based on the basic structure of RCNN, the ReConv-EEG Net EEG identity recognition method is established, and the feature vectors in the recurrent network are classified and computed through the feed-forward layer, the normalization layer and the output layer to obtain the feature values of the EEG signals. Under different speed accompaniments, the subjects perceived the high-speed piano accompaniment with the lowest α -wave power spectral value of 47.85 on average, while the original speed accompaniment had the most significant α -wave power spectral value of 49.12 on average.Meanwhile, there were differences in the perception of piano accompaniment among subjects, and the mean EEG δ -wave synchronization indexes of the non-musicians and the musicians differed by an average of 0.2297 when they were listening to the same accompaniment.The method in this paper contributes to developing a new method for deep learning-assisted music perception research in the field. Also, it lays the data foundation for applying the technique to the field.
Application of “Artificial Intelligence + Education” Innovation Model in Higher Education Management and Student Training
Authors: Zhang Ruixin
Published: April 2024

The rapid development of modern science and technology promotes technological innovation in education, and this paper constructs the higher education innovation model of “Artificial Intelligence+Education” to realize the goal of responding to the construction of education informatization in higher education. The intelligent education platform is created using the theoretical foundation of three-layer education to manage data integratedly. The intelligent mode includes face recognition and voice recognition, which are realized using LBP feature extraction and neural network algorithms. Their effects are verified. The model is better than the traditional education model in all dimensions of the impact of student training. The P is less than 0.05, which is a significant difference, and the effect of education management is improved by 0.02~0.09. This paper’s “Artificial Intelligence + Education” innovation model has certain advantages in higher education management and student training, and provides a practical path to the construction of informationization and intelligent development of education. It provides a pragmatic path for constructing information and the thoughtful development of education.
A Kannappan-Cosine Functional Equation on Semigroups
Authors: Jafar Ahmed , Ajebbar Omar , Elqorachi Elhoucien
Published: April 2024

In this paper we determine the complex-valued solutions of the Kannappan-cosine functional equation g(xyz
0) = g(x)g(y) − f(x)f(y), x, y ∈ S, where S is a semigroup and z
0 is a fixed element in S.
Symmetrization for Mixed Operators
Authors: Bahrouni Sabri
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we prove Talenti’s comparison theorem for mixed local/nonlocal elliptic operators and derive the Faber–Krahn inequality for the first eigenvalue of the Dirichlet mixed local/nonlocal problem. Our findings are relevant to the fractional p&q−Laplacian operator.
Phenotypic Characteristics, Pathogenicity, and Molecular Identification of Hypomyces perniciosus Causing Wet Bubble Disease of Edible Mushrooms
Authors: Szumigaj-Tarnowska Joanna , Szczechura Wojciech
Published: April 2024

The research aimed to determine the phenotypic characteristic, pathogenicity and molecular characterization of Hypomyces perniciosus isolates responsible for wet bubble disease of the white button mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Phenotypic characteristics such as colony appearance, mycelium texture, and pigmentation were studied on four different agar media, i.e., potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar (MEA), Czapek-Dox yeast agar (CYA), and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), after eight days of incubation. Additionally, the growth rate of the tested isolates was studied depending on the pH of the medium. Fungal isolates showed the highest mycelial growth on MEA and SDA at pH 6.0. However, on CYA at pH 7.0, the mycelium exhibited the worst growth. Isolate identification and genetic relationship analysis were carried out using internal transcribed spacer region sequencing and the random amplified polymorphic DNA method. The research confirmed that all Polish isolates belong to the species H. perniciosus, and the genetic diversity is relatively low. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three subgroups of H. perniciosus isolates. The first group included three genetically distinct isolates with a similarity coefficient in the range of 0.76–0.85 to isolates CBS 815.73 and CBS 322.52. The second group was divided into two subgroups and included 16 isolates with a genetic similarity range of 0.91 to 1.0 to CBS 815.73 and CBS 322.52 isolates. Furthermore, the eight genetically similar isolates exhibited the greatest pathogenicity towards A. bisporus.
Architectural Typologies Appeared by Modernism: Case Study of the Edirne Zeppelin Hangar
Authors: Doğan Huriye Armağan
Published: April 2024

When modernism started to be seen in architectural spheres, it did not emerge just with an architectural language for design but also with new architectural typologies. Due to the main discourse of the Modern Movement with the famous quote of Louis Sullivan, “Form follows function”, new building types which were explicitly designed for their functions have appeared. However, over time, while some of these functional buildings kept their functions, some of them either lost their function entirely already, or the technology which created that function is in a downward trend. Zeppelin/airship hangars are amongst those buildings constructed for a specific function in the early 20th century which have lost that function in the present. Therefore, even though they might not reflect any tangible qualities, the function can operate as an intangible cultural reference. The object of this paper is one of those zeppelin hangars, which is located in Edirne, Turkey. The research attempts to categorise the architectural typologies that appeared by modernism, and apply a case study method to the Edirne Zeppelin Hangar to gain insight towards the problem, which is related to the consequences created by the language of the Modern Movement due to the emphasis of the function, and to discuss the possible adaptive reuse strategies regarding these artefacts which totally lost their functions. It is concluded that it is not possible to transform all the building stock that emerged in the built environment into museums, including the Edirne Zeppelin Hangar; however, inconsequential to the designated purposes, it is crucial to leave intangible references to the previous function in its design process.
Jewish Popular Music in Galicia: Karol Rathaus’ Recollections of Chune Wolfsthal
Authors: Guzy-Pasiak Jolanta
Published: April 2024

Eminent Polish composer Karol Rathaus (1895–1954) left behind an essay dedicated to his uncle Chune Wolfsthal (1851–1924). In this text, Rathaus recalls his childhood and adolescent years in (Austria-Hungary’s crown land of ) Galicia. His memories of Wolfsthal, a famous klezmer and operetta composer active in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, provide an opportunity to recollect the now non-existent world of Jewish amateur musicians working in Tarnopol and Lwów before World War II. Those musicians performed in synagogues, at family events and social functions, in cafés and tea gardens. Some of them, including Chune, became involved in the activity of the then emerging Jewish theatre, which was a part-vulgar, part-artistic phenomenon.
Counting the Cells Based on Their Size Using Fuzzy Logic and the Image J System
Authors: Kharofa Shahla Hazim Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Medical diagnosis is the process of identifying the presence of a specific disease. Medical images play an important and major role in helping the doctor and specialist in the process of diagnosing the patient's condition. As a result of the technological development taking place in the fields of artificial intelligence, which processes data quickly and efficiently by responding to various conditions and situations, providing a great deal of flexibility and accuracy,  it is widely used in helping to diagnose diseases. Fuzzy logic was used to find the number of cells in medical images, where the increase or decrease in the number of cells beyond the normal limit indicates the presence of a specific disorder or disease.
This paper aims to use fuzzy logic and the Image J system to determine the appropriate mechanism and method for counting cells according to their size in the medical image, where a set of basic steps are implemented on the image by using the Image J system. This includes converting to mask, outlining, filling holes, watershedding, setting measurements, and analyzing particles. After that, using fuzzy logic to determine the best appropriate methods for counting cells in medical images based on size, enter a single random value for size, and cells smaller than that value are ignored. The area and perimeter of cells are accounted for.
Hacer escuela en una ciudad industrial. Los telebachilleratos comunitarios en León, Guanajuato
Authors: Ramos Banda Valeria Pamela
Published: April 2024

En esta investigación se aborda la relación que hay entre política educativa y espacio urbano, a partir de las trayectorias de 20 estudiantes y 11 egresados del programa Telebachillerato Comunitario (tbc) en la ciudad de León, Guanajuato. El objetivo es conocer en qué medida estas trayectorias responden a la vocación de dicha ciudad a partir de un análisis por escalas de las variables tbc: vocación económica y espacio urbano. Este abordaje parte de las escalas nacional, estatal y local (para entender al tbc como política pública), para luego revisar otras más específicas en la que la vida familiar y comunitaria de los estudiantes y egresados se yuxtaponen en la relación anteriormente planteada. Describir y mapear cómo la vida educativa, laboral y comunitaria de estos jóvenes empatiza, se adapta o resiste a la lógica de un espacio urbano, es uno de los principales resultados de esta investigación.
Palabras clave: Espacio urbano, educación media superior, vocación económica, comunidades urbanas, jóvenes.
Campo cañero e industria azucarera de los siglos XIX a XXI. Historia y territorios
Authors: Arboleyda Castro Ruth E.
Published: April 2024

Sobre: Luis Alberto Montero García y Virginie Thiébaut (coords.), Campo cañero e industria azucarera de los siglos xix a xxi. Historia y territorios
Analysis of Hate Speech in the Perspective of Changes to the Electronic Information and Transaction Law
Authors: Hidayat Defril , Firmanda Hengki , Wafi Mahmud Hibatul
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of hate speech rules concerning changes in electronic transaction information policies. It further used normative legal study which included the process of identifying legal rules, principles, and doctrines to address the constitutional issues. The results showed that the amendments from the 2008 ITE Law to the 2016 ITE Law did not adequately the basic problems. Furthermore, certain forms of hate speech rules were observed in the ITE Law, particularly in Article 27 paragraph (3) and Article 28 paragraph (2). These rules were unclear benchmarks used in assessing social media posts as hate speech, defamation, or criticism and opinion from an individual about a problem. Therefore, making improvements through legal reform was essential to ITE Law, specifically Article 27 paragraph (3) and Article 28 paragraph (2). The amendments were necessary to develop good legal certainty for the community. The government should further make legal comparisons with other countries to identify the best regulatory framework for the community.
Exploring the Determinants of Child Marriage Among Males and Females in Vietnam: A Survival Analysis
Authors:   KDI School of Public Policy and Management, Korea, Bao Nguyen Van , Cho Yoon Cheong ,   KDI School of Public Policy and Management, Korea
Published: April 2024

While the determinants of child marriage among females have been well-documented, there is a lack of research on the determinants of child marriage among males. In Vietnam, where child marriage persists despite legal restrictions, understanding the profile of child grooms and brides is crucial for developing effective interventions. This study aims to bridge the gap in the literature by using Cox proportional hazards regression models to investigate the determinants of child marriage among males and females. The findings of this research reveal that higher levels of education, ideally extending up to upper secondary and tertiary levels, can significantly reduce the likelihood of child marriage between the two genders. Additionally, individuals from ethnic minority groups have a much higher likelihood of getting married at an early age compared to those from the majority ethnic groups, with boys from ethnic minority communities facing a disproportionately higher risk compared to girls. Furthermore, men and boys living in the Mekong River Delta region are more prone to getting married early than their peers in the Red River Delta, while girls from the countryside are more likely to enter into child marriage compared to those in urban areas. These findings are crucial for policymakers when designing policy interventions aimed at preventing child marriage, thereby promoting gender equality and protecting children's rights in Vietnam.
Meta-genre formations in the poetry of Valery Bryusov
Authors: Kartasheva Anna Olegovna
Published: April 2024

The subject of the article is the peculiarities in the formation of genre trends in the work of Valery Bryusov. Author pays attention to Bryusov's appeal to supercycles-catalogs, which occur when the evolution or transformation of the genre is carried out in several collections. Among such genre supercycles-catalogs, the genre of the poem-"monument", or historical and mythological medallion, stands out. This genre can take different forms from Bryusov (lyrical ecphrasis, the poem -"glory", which combined various types of genres). In this context is also considered the issue of continuity and transformation of the lyrical genres of World and Russian literature in the Bryusov's work. In the proposed article, the author aims to identify the features and nature of the interaction of traditional and non-traditional genre formations in Bryusov's poetry. The author uses systematic-typological and structural-semiotic, as well as comparative-historical and cultural-historical methods and focuses on the works of M. L. Gasparov and L. G. Kikhney as a methodological base. The novelty of the research lies in the study of the genre in Bryusov's lyrics as a changeable category that undergoes changes and transformations in the poet's work. The article draws following conclusions: 1) the formation of sections of Bryusov's lyrics was carried out not only on the content side, but also on genre affiliation; 2) large-volume supercycles-catalogs created by Bryusov was almost a new phenomenon for the Russian literary tradition; 3) the poem-"monument" as a genre of the supercycle -catalog often takes different forms in Bryusov's work; 4) mythological and historical portraits reflected in the poems-"monuments" originate in sculptural images of great people; 5) poems-"glory", in turn, includes various genre types (for example, requiem and testament).
High-Voltage Discharge Optimization of a Hybrid-Wall Hall Thruster
Authors: Liu Xingyu , Li Hong , Che Xingdong , Wang Shangmin , Mao Wei , Ding Yongjie , Wei Liqiu , Yu Daren
Published: April 2024

A segmented discharge channel is generally adopted in a hybrid-wall Hall thruster. A metallic wall is situated in the upstream portion of the channel, while a boron nitride ceramic wall is retained in the downstream portion of the channel. This hybrid-wall design avoids the disadvantages of the mechanical properties of boron nitride ceramic. Moreover, the channel can be widened by reducing the thickness of the metallic wall upstream of the channel. In this study, the width and configuration of a discharge channel based on a hybrid-wall Hall thruster are investigated, and a convergent channel configuration is adopted. The experimental results show that the configuration of the channel significantly affects the discharge process, and the ionization and acceleration efficiency of the HEP-100HW are substantially improved using the convergent hybrid channel. The specific impulse and efficiency of the HEP-100HW with the optimal convergent hybrid channel are 210 s/2.5% and 270 s/6% higher than those of the HEP-100HW with a straight hybrid channel and the HEP-100 with a straight-configuration ceramic channel at the discharge voltage of 900 V, respectively. Furthermore, from experiments and supporting simulations, it was found that the convergent hybrid-wall design resulted in an increase in the number of ions created further upstream in the channel compared to a conventional design. This led to more efficient acceleration and ejection of the ions out of the channel, resulting in the observed performance improvement. The results from this study provide valuable guidance for the design of high-power and high-voltage Hall thrusters.
Diaphragm-Induced Attenuation in Shock Tubes
Authors: Currao Gaetano M. D. , Hsu Shen-Yung
Published: April 2024

This is a numerical and experimental study on shock attenuation in shock tubes. Tube geometry, boundary layer, and reduction in cross-sectional area induced by burst diaphragms are often considered the main causes of shock speed reduction (or shock attenuation) observed during the experiments. In order to distinguish how each single phenomenon contributes toward shock attenuation, the National Cheng Kung University shock tube is simulated for driver and test (driver–test) gas pairs involving air–air and He–air. For low pressure ratios, the diaphragm effect was found to be negligible. For a pressure ratio of 200 and helium as driver gas, the shock speed was found to decrease linearly with the size of the diaphragm orifice. In general, wall viscous effects caused a 2.5% decrease in shock speed, while an additional 7% reduction was caused by the presence of the diaphragm. The gradual opening of the diaphragm mainly contributed to a decrease in shock oscillations.
Equal Representation: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Akala Beatrice M'mboga , Sing Nevensha
Published: April 2024

This article explores the contours of the highly politicised and gendered spaces in Kenya that female aspirant leaders still struggle to overcome in order to participate fully as citizens. It aims to highlight the exclusionary nature of the political and democratic space in Kenya, notwithstanding constitutional and legal provisions for gender equity. We argue that enjoying a simple majority in terms of overall population figures (50.1%) has not necessarily translated into political capital for Kenyan women, who are perpetually locked out of meaningful political participation due to entrenched patriarchy and sexism. The introduction of political affirmative action through the two-thirds gender rule augmented female representation in parliamentary and other public and legislative offices. This was also meant to regulate the monopoly of any one gender in the occupation of political and public positions. The article utilises secondary data and related theories in supporting the argument that the insignificant number of female parliamentarians is, inter alia, a result of entrenched and skewed power relations. Outdated cultural practices, gender stereotypes, negative rhetoric and ethnicity, patriarchy, and a lack of economic and social capital have indeed adversely affected women’s trajectory in politics. Results of the past two elections (2013 and 2017) have indicated that gender skewing in parliament and other competitive positions in the public service is still an issue to reckon with. This, we observe, is tantamount to non-compliance with constitutional and legal provisions that were geared toward achieving an equal society. We suggest the implementation of the gender rule as envisaged in the 2010 Constitution. A conducive legal framework, coupled with collaborative efforts of relevant state and non-state actors, is paramount. A significant and current discussion should encompass new realignments aimed at disrupting and deconstructing the pervasive gendered relationships.
Comparison of Actual Results and PVSyst Simulation in the Design of Off-Grid Solar Power Generation System (PLTS) in Karuni Village, Southwest Sumba
Authors: Siregar Marsul , Pardosi Cristoni Hasiholan , Bachri Karel Octavianus , Nur Tajuddin , Pandjaitan Lanny W.
Published: April 2024

This research aims to compare the actual production with the simulations using the PVSyst software for the Off-Grid Solar Power Plant (PLTS) in Karuni Village, Southwest Sumba. The Off-Grid PLTS in Karuni Village is a vital solution for improving remote areas' electricity access. Actual energy production data from the PLTS were obtained from monitoring systems, while simulation results were obtained through PVSyst. The analysis results indicate a difference of approximately 10% between the actual and simulated results. It observed that it is influenced by variability in local weather conditions, maintenance, system management levels, and limitations of the simulation model. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of using accurate data in simulations, improving PLTS system maintenance, and developing more sophisticated simulation models. Recommendations for further research include further analysis of factors influencing the differences in results. This study provides valuable insights into the planning and management of Off-Grid PLTS. It offers perspectives on enhancing the accuracy of future PLTS system planning and management.
Boosting Treatment Outcomes via the Patient-Practitioner Relationship, Treatment Beliefs, or Therapeutic Setting. A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis of Contextual Effects in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Saueressig Tobias , Owen Patrick J. , Pedder Hugo , Arora Nitin Kumar , Simons Marieke , Kaczorowski Svenja , Miller Clint T. , Donath Lars , Belavy Daniel L.
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain whether manipulating contextual effects (eg, interaction with patients, or beliefs about treatments) boosted the outcomes of nonpharmacological and nonsurgical treatments for chronic primary musculoskeletal pain.

DESIGN: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials

DATA SOURCES: We searched for trials in 6 databases, citation tracking, and clinical trials registers. We included trials that compared treatments with enhanced contextual effects with the same treatments without enhancement in adults with chronic primary musculoskeletal pain.

DATA SYNTHESIS: The outcomes of interest were pain intensity, physical functioning, global ratings of improvement, quality of life, depression, anxiety, and sleep. We evaluated risk of bias and certainty of the evidence using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0 and the GRADE approach, respectively.

RESULTS: Of 17 637 records, we included 10 trials with 990 participants and identified 5 ongoing trials. The treatments were acupuncture, education, exercise training, and physical therapy. The contextual effects that were improved in the enhanced treatments were patient-practitioner relationship, patient beliefs and characteristics, therapeutic setting/environment, and treatment characteristics. Our analysis showed that improving contextual effects in nonpharmacological and nonsurgical treatments may not make much difference on pain intensity (mean difference [MD], −1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −8.71, 5.16; k = 7 trials; N = 719 participants; Scale: 0-100; GRADE: Low) or physical functioning (MD, −0.27; 95% CI: −1.02, 0.49; 95% prediction interval [PI]: −2.04, 1.51; k = 6; N = 567; Scale: 0-10; GRADE: Low) in the short term and at later follow-ups. Sensitivity analyses revealed similar findings.

CONCLUSION: While evidence gaps exist, per current evidence, it may not be possible to achieve meaningful benefit for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain by manipulating the context of nonpharmacological and nonsurgical treatments. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(7):440-456. Epub 30 April 2024 doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12259
West Syndrome due to ALG13 mutation presenting vigabatrin-associated reversible MRI signal changes and drug-induced dyskinesia
Authors: Souza Luciana de Paula , Reis Brenda Souza de Oliveira , Franklin Gustavo Leite , Teixeira Bernardo Corrêa de Almeida , Crippa Ana Chrystina de Souza
Published: April 2024

Heterozygous mutations in the asparagine-linked glycosylation 13 (ALG13) gene cause a rare genetic disorder that severely affects neurological development. Symptoms associated with ALG13 mutations include severe epilepsy and/or West syndrome (WS). Most cases reported in the literature describe typical characteristics of patients within whom de novo mutations have been identified. A 5-month-old girl with developmental delay and epileptic spasms, without dysmorphic features, is described. Electroencephalography (EEG) showed hypsarrhythmia, compatible with WS, but complementary examinations did not find an underlying etiology. Vigabatrin therapy was started, and then adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) therapy was added. On follow-up, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed restricted diffusions compatible with vigabatrin-associated reversible MRI signal changes. As the spasms and hypsarrhythmia on EEG persisted, a second cycle of ACTH was performed, and then, the patient manifested a hyperkinetic movement, characteristic of drug-induced dyskinesia. Further investigation was carried out, and whole-exome sequencing revealed a de novo pathogenic variant in ALG13 gene. The current case report expands our knowledge of WS by considering a female patient with unspecific clinical features arising from an undefined subjacent etiology. This case also emphasizes the importance of a thorough work-up to determine the underlying genetic etiology and presents the challenges in the diagnostic investigation in clinical practice.
Increased Intracellular Insulin from Differentiated Stem Cells to Insulin- Producing Cells Incorporating Β-Carotene
Authors:   1 Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology of Center for Investigation and Assistance in Technology, México, Rodríguez Francisco Josué Avelar , Khandual Sanghamitra ,   Department of Industrial Biotechnology of Center for Investigation and Assistance in Technology, México, Berna Jorge Gaona ,   Department of Microbiology and Pathology, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara México, Marmolejo Erika Nahomy Marino ,   1 Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology of Center for Investigation and Assistance in Technology, México, Bravo-Madrigal Jorge ,   1 Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology of Center for Investigation and Assistance in Technology, México, Hernández Flor Yohana Flores ,   1 Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology of Center for Investigation and Assistance in Technology, México
Published: April 2024

Analyzes the effect of β-Carotene (BC) in the processes of differentiation of adipose tissue Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hADMSCs) and dental pulp Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hDPMSCs) for obtaining Insulin-Producing Cells (IPCs). The BC present in the methanolic extract was analyzed and quantified by UV-VIS, TLC and HPLC methods. The cell viability test was done by flow cytometry, a concentration of 1.5 μM of BC or AP extract no cytotoxic effect on stem cells, so this concentration was used for the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) differentiation protocols for obtaining IPCs. The differentiation tests were done with the AP extract or β-carotene standard addition which demonstrates the increased cell differentiation percentages by the presence of intracellular insulin. This was more outstanding in the hMSCs that were stimulated with the AP in stage 3 and applied at all stages mainly in hDPMSCs, reaching up to 74% of the insulin-positive population respect to 11% where the molecules were not added. RT-PCR was performed for the level of gene expression like MAFA, PDX1 and NKX6.1 and those are found well expressed on differentiated cells. This could be relevant in cell therapy in diabetes, where inclusion of AP extracts or BC may improve yield of IPCs.
Defluorinative Functionalization Approach led by Difluoromethyl Anion Chemistry
Authors: Muta Kensuke , Okamoto Kazuhiro , Nakayama Hiroki , Wada Shuto , Nagaki Aiichiro
Published: April 2024

Organofluorine compounds have greatly benefited the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and materials sectors. However, they are plagued by concerns associated with PFAS. Additionally, the widespread use of the trifluoromethyl group is facing imminent regulatory scrutiny. Defluorinative functionalization, which converts the trifluoromethyl to the difluoromethyl motifs, represents the most efficient synthetic strategy. However, general methods for robust C(sp3)–F bond transformations remain elusive due to challenges in selectivity and functional group tolerance. Here, we present a method for C(sp3)–F bond defluorinative functionalization of the trifluoromethyl group via difluoromethyl anion in flow. This new approach tames the reactive difluoromethyl anion, enabling diverse functional group transformations. Our methodology offers a versatile platform for drug and agrochemical discovery, overcoming the limitations associated with fluorinated motifs.
Building associative rules for a database with a target parameter
Authors: Биллиг Владимир Арнольдович
Published: April 2024

Предлагается новый эффективный алгоритм GoalApriori, позволяющий строить ассоциативные правила для частного, но важного случая, когда исходная реляционная база данных имеет целевой параметр. Классическим примером таких баз данных являются медицинские базы данных, где в роли целевого параметра выступает диагноз, устанавливаемый врачами. Без потери общности можно считать, что целевой параметр является параметром дискретного типа с фиксированным множеством значений. Алгоритм строит ассоциативные правила, заключением которых является конкретное значение целевого параметра. Посылка правил задает набор свойств входных параметров базы данных. Исходная база данных приводится к специальному формату, в котором запись приведенной базы данных задается одним целым числом независимо от размера записи исходной базы данных. Помимо экономии памяти, такой формат позволяет полностью сохранять информацию о параметрах, представляющих исходную запись. Более важно то, что вычислительно сложные операции над записями, требуемые при вычислении характеристик правил, в этом формате выполняются практически мгновенно парой логических операций над целыми числами. Рассматриваются задачи и свойства алгоритма. Доказывается ряд утверждений относительно свойств алгоритма. Вводится понятие обобщенного критерия качества правил, что позволяет проводить ранжирование правил.

A new efficient algorithm GoalApriori is proposed, which allows you to build associative rules for a special but important case when the original relational database has a target parameter. A classic example of such databases is medical databases, where the diagnosis made by doctors acts as a target parameter. Without loss of generality, we can assume that the target parameter is a discrete type parameter with a fixed set of values. The algorithm builds associative rules, the conclusion of which is the specific value of the target parameter. Premise of rules represents a set of properties of the database input parameters. The source database is reduced to a special format in which the resulting database record is specified as a single integer, regardless of the size of the source database record. In addition to saving memory, this format allows you to fully preserve information about the parameters representing the original record. More importantly, the computationally complex operations on records required to calculate the characteristics of rules are performed in this format almost instantly by a pair of logical operations on integers. The tasks and properties of the algorithm are considered. A number of statements regarding the properties of the algorithm are proved. The concept of a generalized criterion for the quality of rules is introduced, which allows for the ranking of rules.
FRACTAL FRACTIONAL MODEL OF RADIATIVE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF TIME DEPENDENT FLOW WITH VARIABLE VISCOSITY, INDUCED MAGNETIC FIELD, DUFOUR AND SORET EFFECTS: AN ENTROPY GENERATION
Authors:   The Local Government Training Institute,  Dodoma, Tanzania, Chillingo Kidney Josiah
Published: April 2024

: In this article, the Caputo Fabrizio fractal fractional order derivatives operator with an exponential kernel was employed to examine the radiative heat and mass transfer characteristics of time dependent flow with variable fluid viscosity, induced magnetic field, Soret and Dufour effects. The local mathematical model for the flow problem is formulated by take into account the impacts of thermal radiation, heat source, and viscous dissipation. The governing equations in-terms of fractal fractional model with an exponential kernel were solved numerically using finite difference method. The influence of flow variables such as induced magnetic field, concentration field, entropy rate, thermal field, and velocity field profiles against the pertinent parameters are discussed through graphs. Increase the values of magnetic Prandtl number results to rises of induced magnetic field. Higher Dufour number significantly grows the thermal field. The fractal fractional parameters enhance the velocity field, thermal field, Bejan number, entropy rate, concentration field and induced magnetic field profiles. The velocity field profiles recede with higher values of fluid variable viscosity parameter whereas the thermal field and induced magnetic field has an opposite effect. Larger Soret number amplifies the concentration field. Increase of Brinkman number, thermal radiation parameter, and magnetic Prandtl number intensifies the entropy generation rate. Increases of Brinkman number, magnetic Prandtl number, Soret number and Dufour number leads to a decrease of Bejan number whereas Bejan number rises with an increase of thermal radiation parameter and heat source
A Classification method for Insects using Data Augmentation and Deep Neural Networks
Authors:   Hanoi Architectural University, Hanoi, Vietnam, Phong Bui Hai
Published: April 2024

In the nature, there exists a huge number of species of insects. Insects have caused damage for human and crops. Traditional identification methods of insects require expert knowledge and time consuming. Therefore, the automatic identification and classification have been more and more necessary. In recent year, one of the efficient approaches to classify insects is the application of Deep neural networks. The paper presents the improvements for the classification of insect images. Firstly, we apply the data augmentation to improve the number of insect images. Then, we applied various deep neural networks to improve the classification accuracy of insect classification. Obtained classification accuracy of 98% on public insect datasets shows the efficiency of the proposed method.
A Brief History of Central Banks
Authors: Bordo Michael D.
Published: April 2024

A central bank is the term used to describe the authority responsible for policies that affect a country's supply of money and credit. More specifically, a central bank uses its tools of monetary policy—open market operations, discount window lending, changes in reserve requirements—to affect short-term interest rates and the monetary base (currency held by the public plus bank reserves) and to achieve important policy goals.
TÜRKİYE’DE GELİR DAĞILIMI ÇALIŞMALARI VE GELİR DAĞILIMINDA SOSYAL TRANSFERLERİN ETKİSİNİN TÜRKİYE VE AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ KARŞILAŞTIRMASI
Authors: Özsoy Dilek
Published: April 2024

Sosyal politikaların amacı ekonomik, siyasal ve sosyal eşitsizlikleri ortadan kaldırmak ve bölüşümde adaleti sağlamaktır. Sosyal adaletin bozulmasının önemli nedenlerinden biri adaletsiz gelir dağılımıdır. Bu anlamda gelir eşitsizliğinin ortadan kaldırılmasına yönelik uygulamalar sosyal adaletin sağlanmasında önem kazanmaktadır. Gelir eşitsizliği ve yoksulluk tüm dünyada ve Türkiye’de çözüm bekleyen en önemli ekonomik ve toplumsal sorunlardan biridir. Gelir eşitsizliklerinin giderilmesinde uygulanan politika araçlarından en önemlisi sosyal transferlerdir. Piyasa koşullarına göre oluşan birincil gelir dağılımı sosyal politikalar kapsamında sunulan sosyal yardımlar sonrasında ikincil gelir dağılımını oluşturmaktadır. Sosyal yardımlarla gelir dağılımındaki adaletsizliğin önlenmesi ve yoksulluğun azaltılması hedeflemektedir. Gelir dağılımını düzeltmeye ve yoksullukla mücadeleye yönelik sosyal yardım uygulamaları ülkelerin ekonomik gelişmişlik düzeylerine ve sosyal politikalara ayırdıkları paylara göre değişim göstermektedir.
Bu çalışmada AB ülkeleri ve Türkiye’nin sosyal transferler öncesi ve sonrası gelir dağılımındaki değişimin boyutu Gini Katsayısı üzerinden irdelenerek elde edilen karşılaştırma sonuçlarına göre değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur. Çalışmada betimsel analiz yöntemi esas alınarak, Avrupa Birliği İstatistik Ofisi verileri kullanılmıştır.
Çalışma sonucunda Türkiye’deki sosyal transferler öncesi ve sonrası Gini Katsayısı değişiminin AB ülkeleri ile kıyaslandığında düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Sosyal transferler öncesinde Gini Katsayısı Türkiye’den yüksek olan pek çok ülkede sosyal transferlerin gelir dağılımını düzeltici etki oluşturduğu görünmektedir. Adil gelir dağılımının sağlanması ve yoksulluğun giderilmesine yönelik politikalar açısından, Türkiye’nin AB ülkeleri ile karşılaştırmasında Türkiye’nin sosyal transferler öncesi ve sonrası Gini katsayısı değişiminin en alt sırada olmasının altında yatan nedenlerin çok boyutlu irdelenmesi önem kazanmaktadır.
The effect of different lighting times on survival and growth rate of gurami seeds (Oshpronemus gouramy)
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad , Putriningtias Andika , Rosmaiti Rosmaiti
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of different photoperiods on maturity and the effect of different light durations on survival and growth of gourami (Ospronemus gouramy) fry. The study was conducted on August 22th - September 22th in the Green House Samudra University.Test fish used is seed of gouramy measuring 5-6 cm. The methods used in this study was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments in this study were P1 (4 hours light, 20 hours dark), P2 (8 hours light, 16 hours dark), P3 (12 jam hours light, 12 hours dark), and P4 (16 hours light, 18 hours dark). Seeds of fish was put in a containing 20 liters of water volume with a stocking density of 10 tails each container. The frequency of feeding is done 4 times a day at 06.00 am, 12.00 am, 18 pm and 24.00 pm. The results showed that different natural feeding teratments had a significant effect on the absolute weight, absolute length growth, daily growth rate, survival, FCR, and water quality. The best treatment in this study was P1 treatment (4 hours light, 20 hours dark) because it had a high value compared to other treatments.Keywords: Gouramy; Growth; Photoperiod; Survival; Weight
Analysis of shoreline changes in the city of Gorontalo using remote sensing technology
Authors: Mahua Musdalifah H. , Kasim Faizal , Pasisingi Nuralim
Published: April 2024

Coastal areas are essential for economic activities but are also vulnerable to environmental changes caused by human activities. Remote sensing technology can help monitor shoreline changes efficiently and accurately related to the spatial-temporal dynamics of the local area's coastline, which is needed to develop an effective coastal management strategy. By using the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) water index method for shoreline extraction, the results show that the addition of coastal areas (accretion) as part of the dominant process for coastal equilibrium in almost all coastal regions in Gorontalo City during the 2000-2022 period, experienced trend acceleration significantly during the 2015-2022 period with an increase in the accretion rate of 60.15%. The accretion rate in this period has resulted in an increase in the land area of the coastal zone by 425.44% compared to the accretion that occurred during the 2000-2015 period. The findings of this study can be used as a basis for further research regarding the impact of human activities on coastal ecosystems and the effectiveness of coastal management strategies for Gorontalo City.Keywords: Google earth engine; coastal equilibrium; landsat; sentinel-2; MNDWI
Feeding ecology analysis of sand lobsters (Panulirus homarus)
Authors: Lubis Amelia Sriwahyuni , Efrizal Efrizal , Syaifullah Syaifullah
Published: April 2024

This research is scheduled to take place from May to August 2022 at the Marine and Brackish Water Aquaculture Fisheries Center in West Sumatra. The method employed will be observation, which entails monitoring the eating behavior of lobsters and their feeding schedule every time food is provided within a 24-hour timeframe. Data pertaining to lobster eating behavior will be analyzed descriptively based on these observations. Throughout the research, various feeding activities of sand lobsters were documented. The observational results indicated that the lobster feeding process remained consistent. The lobster typically initiates the process by gripping the food with its claws and feet, subsequently breaking it into smaller pieces with its claws, and then placing these fragments into its mouth. As the lobster tears apart the food, the next step involves transferring it to the mouth using the nearest upper and lower jaws. In light of this research, it can be inferred that lobster feeding behavior encompasses the following steps: firstly, the lobster approaches the food after spotting it; secondly, lobsters employ their claws to grasp the food; and finally, lobsters tear and ingest the food. Lobster feeding activities are most commonly observed between 6:00 PM - 10:00 PM and 10:00 PM - 2:00 AM.Keywords: eating behavior; lobster; Lobster feeding schedule.
Effects of vitamin C dosage levels on growth and survival rate of sidat fish (Anguilla bicolor, McClelland, 1844)
Authors: Muamar Abdan , Hasri Iwan , Harun Harun , Suprihadi Suprihadi , Saputra Fazril , Fahmi Rizkan , Hardiansyah Hardiansyah
Published: April 2024

Eel is a species with high economic value, but its slow growth and low survival rate are problems that need to be addressed through the development of effective cultivation technology. This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin C dosage on the growth and survival of eels (Anguilla bicolor). This study was conducted at the UPR. Mina Mandiri, Beutong District, Nagan Raya Regency, during the period August to October 2023. The method used was a completely randomized design with four treatment levels and three replications, namely 0, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg feed. ANOVA results showed that the dose of vitamin C had a significant effect on the growth and survival of eels (P < 0.05). Further tests using Duncan's method showed significant differences between treatments in growth parameters, but there was no significant difference in survival. The 200 mg/kg feed dose showed the highest and optimal results in terms of increasing the growth and survival of eel fish.Keywords: Culture technology; eel; growth; vitamin C
Dijital Yetkinlik Ölçeği (DYÖ): Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Tutar Hasan , Erdem Ahmet Tuncay , Şahin Nevzat
Published: April 2024

Bu ölçek geliştirmenin temel amacı, kamu veya özel sektör olmak üzere tüm kurum ve kuruluşlarda işgörenlerin dijital yetkinliklerini değerlendirmek için geçerliliği ve güvenirliği yüksek bir Dijital Yetkinlik Ölçeği geliştirmektir. Ölçek geliştirme sürecinde önce teorik temel oluşturmak amacıyla işgören dijital yetkinlikleri ile ilgili literatür incelemesi yapılmıştır. Literatürden hareketle işgören dijital yetkinliğini yansıtan madde havuzu oluşturularak pilot çalışmayla madde sadeleştirilmesi, test ve tekrar test analizi, keşfedici ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları, Dijital Yetkinlik Ölçeği’nin yüksek bir iç tutarlılığa, test-tekrar test güvenilirliğine, keşfedici ve doğrulayıcı yapı geçerliliğine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Dijital Yetkinlik Ölçeği; İşgören Dijital Yetkinlik Algısı, İşgören Dijital Uyum Algısı ve İşgören Dijital Kaygı Algısı boyutlarından oluşmaktadır. Dijital Yetkinlik Ölçeği, tüm kurum ve kuruluşlarda çalışan işgörenlerin dijital yetkinliklerini ölçmek ve değerlendirmek için güvenilir ve geçerli bir araçtır. Dijital Yetkinlik Ölçeği kullanılarak, kuruluşlar işgörenlerin dijital becerilerdeki güçlü ve zayıf yönleri hakkında bilgi edinebilir ve dijital yetenekleri geliştirmek için hedeflenen stratejilerin uygulanmasını kolaylaştırabilir.