bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender Difference in sidE eFfects of ImmuNotherapy: a possible clue to optimize cancEr tReatment (G-DEFINER): study protocol of an observational prospective multicenter study
Authors: Miceli Rosalba , Eriksson Hanna , Lo Russo Giuseppe , Alfieri Salvatore , Moksnes Bjaanæs Maria , Pietrantonio Filippo , De Cecco Loris , Prelaj Arsela , Proto Claudia , Franzén Johan , McDonnell Deirdre , Berenguer Pina José Javier , Beninato Teresa , Mazzeo Laura , Giannatempo Patrizia , Verzoni Elena , Crown John , Helland Åslaug , Eustace Alexander
Published: April 2024

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved outcomes in various cancers. ICI treatment is associated with the incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) which can affect any organ. Data on irAEs occurrence in relation to sex- differentiation and their association with gender-specific factors are limited.
Aims: The primary objective of the G-DEFINER study is to compare the irAEs incidence in female and male patients who undergo ICI treatment. Secondary objectives are: to compare the irAEs incidence in pre- and postmenopausal female patients; to compare the irAEs incidence in female and male patients according to different clinical and gender-related factors (lifestyle, psychosocial, and behavioral factors). Exploratory objectives of the study are to compare and contrast hormonal, gene-expression, SNPs, cytokines, and gut microbiota profiles in relation to irAEs incidence in female and male patients.
Methods and Results: The patients are recruited from Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Ireland, Oslo University Hospital, Norway, and Karolinska Insitutet/Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. The inclusion of patients was delayed due to the Covid pandemic, leading to a total of 250 patients recruited versus a planned number of 400 patients. Clinical and translational data will be analyzed.
Interpretation: The expected outcomes are to improve the management of cancer patients treated with ICIs, leading to more personalized clinical approaches that consider potential toxicity profiles. The real world nature of the trial makes it highly applicable for timely irAEs diagnosis.
Comparison of the clinical efficacy of bone grafting and bone grafting combined with guided tissue regeneration in periodontal regenerative therapy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Fengqi , Liu Guolin
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of simple bone grafting and bone grafting combined with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in periodontal regenerative therapy.
Methods: The authors systematically searched PubMed, the Web of Science, The National Library of Medicine, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database and the Wanfang database and collected randomized controlled trials relating to bone graft co-guided tissue regeneration. The retrieval was conducted between January 1990 and December 2022. This study included relevant literature about the clinical efficacy of bone grafting combined with GTR according to the population, intervention, control and outcomes principle and excluded studies using other materials in addition to bone graft and membrane materials. After independently screening the literature, extracting the data and evaluating the risk of bias in the included studies, data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. 
Results: Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and, after further evaluation, a total of 327 teeth that were featured in 15 articles were finally included for meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that there was no significant statistical difference in clinical attachment level, probing depth and bone gain between the test group (bone grafting with GTR) and the control group (bone grafting only) at 6 months after the operation (p > 0.05). In terms of gingival recession (GR), the use of non-resorbable membranes produced more recession in the test group compared with the control group (p < 0.05), whereas the use of resorbable membranes produced less recession (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Both simple bone grafting and bone grafting combined with membrane materials have good clinical efficacy in periodontal regenerative therapy, and no significant difference in clinical efficacy is indicated between the two, with the exception of GR.
Why Disinformation Works. How Otherwise Reasonable People can Ignore Facts and Believe Purposeful Mistruths. What Next?
Authors: DP* Hoffman
Published: April 2024

I’m writing today to offer what has become an annual update in these pages to growing concerns about misinformation, disinformation and the harm they cause to individuals and the public health. I’ll review those concerns, attempt to provide a partial explanation for how this can happen, and add my new concern that the advent of “AI” artificial intelligence compounds the issues and multiplies the risk. I will conclude with a call for action that using the filter of principles of bioethics, I now see is overdue.
Model Pembelajaran Open Ended Berpengaruh Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa SD
Authors: Dewi I. A. Listiari Sintya , Wulandari I. G. A. Ayu , Putra Made
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar siswa yang mendapatkan nilai kurang dari KKM yang ditetapkan oleh sekolah pada saat Penilain Tengah Semester dari 241 siswa, sebanyak 135 siswa sudah tuntas dan sebanyak 106 siswa tidak tuntas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran open ended terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini tergolong eksperimen semu dengan desain non-quivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V SD Negeri Gugus Mohammad Hatta sebanyak 6 kelas yang berjumlah 241 orang. Teknik random sampling dipilih dalam menentukan sampel penelitian. Metode tes yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data. Diperoleh analisis data yang menunjukkan rerata hasil belajar matematika pada kelompok yang diberikan model pembelajaran Open Ended mendapatkan hasil 83,32 sedangkan rerata  kelompok kontrol yang dibelajarkan secara konvensional mendapatkan hasil 64,02. Perolehan yang didapat melalui uji beda mean (t-test) yaitu thitung > ttabel (10,157 > 2,000), dengan alpha 5% dan dk= 80 sehingga, H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Simpulan terdapat pengaruh hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas V SD.
Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation Berbantuan Media Video terhadap Hasil Belajar IPS
Authors: Sripangjaya Komang Agus , Wibawa I Made Citra
Published: April 2024

Kurangnya penerapan model pembelajaran dan media dalam proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Group Investigation berbantuan media video terhadap hasil belajar IPS. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen semu dengan rancangan Non equivalent post-test only control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V SD yang berjumlah 132 orang siswa. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah SD 2 yang berjumlah 31 orang siswa (eksperimen) dan SD 4 yang berjumlah 20 orang siswa (kontrol). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa tes objektif yang berjumlah 25 butir soal. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan didapatkan rata-rata siswa pada kelompok eksperimen sebesar 22,61 dan skor rata-rata siswa pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 18,55. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analisis uji-t menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,02. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan hasil belajar IPS antara kelompok eksperimen dengan kelompok kontrol. Dengan demikian model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Group Investigation berbantuan media video berpengaruh terhadap hasil beljar IPS siswa kelas V.
Dampak Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sriantini Ni Putu Ayu , Bayu Gede Wira , Margunayasa I Gede
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji besar pengaruh model pembelajaran picture and picture terhadap hasil belajar IPA sudah banyak dilakukan, namun belum terdapat kajian lebih lanjut mengenai hasil-hasil penelitian tersebut untuk dirangkum dan dinilai kembali sehingga dapat menguatkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk menganalisis besar efektivitas pengaruh model pembelajaran pcture and picture terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian library research dengan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah meta-analisis. Subjek penelitian ini adalah empat artikel yang berasal dari jurnal yang terakreditasi Sinta pada tahun 2013-2018. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka. Hasil analisis data artikel diperoleh besar effect size setiap artikel yaitu 2,62, 1,48, 0,34 dan 0,00038 yang berarti termasuk dalam kategori rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Perbedaan besar effect size dari artikel yang dianalisis disebabkan oleh tiga faktor yaitu faktor internal, faktor eksternal, dan faktor instrumen. Model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe picture and picture dapat diterapkan pada mata pelajaran apapun terutama mata pelajaran IPA. Ini dikarenakan model pembelajaran picture and picture menggunakan gambar sebagai media utamanya sehingga memudahkan siswa untuk belajar. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan hasil analisis keempat artikel tersebut menguatkan hasil penelitian sebelumnya yang menyatakan bahwa model pembelajaran picture and picture memberikan pengaruh efektif terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar IPA siswa di sekolah dasar.
Penggunaan Digital Mind Mapping Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Peserta Didik
Authors: Sairo Medyana Inna
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis siswa kelas sepuluh melalui penggunaan Pemetaan Pikiran Digital di SMA Negeri 1 Singaraja khususnya di kelas X MIPA 1.  Ada 34 siswa di kelas, terdiri dari 13 laki-laki dan 21 perempuan. Penelitian ini dirancang dalam bentuk penelitian berbasis tindakan kelas yang diselesaikan dalam dua siklus dan siklus 1 dalam 3 sesi dan siklus 2 dalam 2 sesi. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pemetaan Pikiran Digital efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa. Setelah dua siklus dilakukan (menggunakan aktivitas Pemetaan Pikiran Digital dengan kerja kelompok acak pada siklus 1 dan kerja kelompok lotre pada siklus II), ada peningkatan yang signifikan pada nilai rata-rata siswa. Ditemukan bahwa nilai rata-rata siswa dalam tes pra tes adalah 24% dan ini meningkat menjadi 90% pada post test I dan pada post test II mengalami peningkatan pada peserta didik yang sebelumnya tidak mencapai KKM. Peningkatan nilai rata-rata siswa juga didukung oleh minat siswa selama proses belajar mengajar karena metode menggunakan teknologi. Selain itu, para siswa menemukan bahwa kegiatan Pemetaan Pikiran Digital membantu mereka untuk mengorganisir ide siswa, menjadi berpikir kritis, kreatif dan meningkatkan tulisan siswa. Selanjutnya, untuk mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal, kerja kelompok dapat digunakan untuk membantu siswa untuk bekerja bersama dan mendorong partisipasi mereka.
Media Pembelajaran Video Animasi Muatan IPA Materi Siklus Makhluk Hidup Kelas IV SD
Authors: Ni Luh Pande Oki Wardani  , Desak Putu Parmiti  , I Gusti Ayu Tri Agustiana
Published: April 2024

Kurangnya media pembelajaran disebabkan karena guru kurang mampu mengembangkan secara inovatif terutama untuk pembelajaran daring. Padahal dalam memanfaatkan media sangat membantu siswa untuk menerima informasi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan media pembelajaran Video Animasi Muatan IPA Materi Siklus Makhluk Hidup Kelas IV SD. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 2 ahli materi, 2 ahli desain pembelajaran dan 2 ahli media pembelajaran. Subjek uji coba yaitu 2 guru dan siswa berjumlah 10 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu dengan metode non tes. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif, dan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian yaitu penilaian dari desain pembelajaran mendapatkan nilai presentase keseluruhan diperoleh skor sejumlah 81 % (baik), ahli isi materi pembelajaran yaitu 96% (sangat baik), dan ahli desain pembelajaran yaitu 88,5% (baik). Hasil penilaian dari respon guru yaitu 94% (sangat baik) dan siswa 91,69% (sangat baik). Disimpulkan bahwa animasi mendapatkan kualifikasi sangat baik dan layak digunakan.
Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Lingkungan Terhadap Kompetensi Pengetahuan IPA
Authors: Satya Dewi Kadek Ayu Ratih , Wiyasa I Komang Ngurah , Negara I Gusti Agung Oka
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model Problem Based Learning berbantuan Media Lingkungan terhadap Kompetensi Pengetahuan IPA kelas IV SD. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen semu dengan rancangan Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Populasi pada penelitian adalah seluruh kelas IV SD sebanyak 10 kelas dengan 368 siswa. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Sampel yang terpilih yaitu kelas IV SD sebagai kelas eksperimen sebanyak 46 orang menerapkan model PBL berbantuan media lingkungan dan kelas IV SD sebagai kelas kontrol sebanyak 38 orang Metode pengumpulan data dengan metode tes yaitu tes objektif pilihan ganda biasa. Rata-rata gain skor ternormalisasi siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan media lingkungan yaitu 0,525 dan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional yaitu 0,236. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan uji-t jenis polled varians. Hasil analisis data pada taraf signifikansi 5% (df sama dengan 82 dengan thitung  sama dengan 11,049 dan harga ttabel sama dengan 1,989) diperoleh keputusan bahwa H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, yang berarti terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kompetensi pengetahuan IPA antara kedua kelompok sampel. Simpulan penelitian yaitu terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan Media Lingkungan terhadap Kompetensi Pengetahuan IPA Kelas IV SD.
Pengaruh Motivasi Berprestasi dan Minat Baca Terhadap Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Putrai Agus Diky Wira Diana , Ganing Ni Nyoman
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang signifikan motivasi berprestasi dan minat baca terhadap hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas V SD Negeri Gugus 5 Kecamatan Tabanan Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah ex post facto korelasional. Populasi dari Penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas V yang ada di SD Negeri Gugus 5 Kecamatan Tabananyang berjumlah 130 orang siswa. Sampel ditentukan dari populasi menggunakan teknik proporsional random sampling dan jumlah sampel dari populasi adalah 97 orang siswa. Metode pungumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode non tes. Data motivasi berprestasi dan minat baca diperoleh dari menyebarkan kuisioner dan data hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia diperoleh melalui pencatatan dokumen. Uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan teknik regresi linier sederhana dan teknik analisis regresi linier ganda setelah semua uji prasyarat terpenuhi. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan motivasi berprestasi terhadap hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia berdasarkann nilai Fhiting = 4,26 > Ftabel = 3,96 dan pengaruhnya sebesar 12,1%. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan minat baca terhadap hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia berdasarkan nilai Fhitung = 5,82 > Ftabel = 3,96 dan pengaruhnya sebesar 6,7%. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan motivasi berprestasi dan minat baca terhadap hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia berdasarkan Fhitung = 9,04 > Ftabel = 3,09 dan pengaruhnya sebesar 16,1%. Adapun saran bagi guru untuk lebih meningkatkan motivasi berprestasi dan minat baca siswa agar mendapatkan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia yang lebih maksimal.
RESEARCH AND MODELING KINETICS ION EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sabadash Vira , Gumnitsky Jaroslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Konovalov Oleg ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: April 2024

In detail, this study analysed the kinetics of ammonium ion adsorption under dynamic conditions in the "clinoptilolite -ammonium ion" system. The work includes constructing a mathematical model of this process, which allows us to estimate and predict its essential characteristics. Calculations of mass transfer coefficients revealed their dependence on the intensity of medium mixing. A significant result is that ion exchange occurs in externally diffusion and intradiffusion regions. Ion exchange rate constants were calculated for the regions of external and internal diffusion, contributing to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of this complex process. The research results will expand our knowledge about ion exchange interactions in the " clinoptilolite -ammonium ion" system. In addition, they can be used to optimise the conditions of ammonium adsorption in similar systems, which is essential for practical applications related to water purification and other media from ammonium ions.
ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS BY INDICATORS OF DRINKING WATER QUALITY IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Valerko Ruslana , Herasymchuk Liudmyla ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Patseva Iryna ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Gnatuk Bogdan ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study was to assess the state of ecological development of rural rural areas of the amalgamated territorial communities of Zhytomyr district based on drinking water quality indicators of non-centralised water supply sources to ensure their sustainable development. It was found that the average pH value was within the current standard, which indicates an excellent environmental condition for this indicator. The average content of nitrates in drinking water, which in all the studied communities exceeded the standard by 1.4 to 3.5 times, was assessed at only one point. The average concentration of total iron exceeded the current standard by 1.9 times only in the rural settlements of the Liubar community. Satisfactory water quality, in terms of total iron content, was recorded in 50 per cent of the surveyed communities. In 70 per cent of the studied communities, the average value of total hardness was recorded at a level higher than 7.0 mmol/dm3, which indicates, according to European legislation, a poor condition of drinking water. Thus, having assessed the ecological state of rural areas in terms of drinking water quality, it was found that most of the studied communities have a satisfactory state of the territories, as the total number of points varied between 2.25-3.3 points. And the greatest contribution to the decline in the level of environmental development of rural settlements is made by the indicators of nitrate content in drinking water and its hardness.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE CLEANING SYSTEM OF OIL GAS FLOWS USING AN AERODYNAMIC INSERT
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Latsyk Nataliia , Petrushka Ihor ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: April 2024

Air pollution is becoming a problem due to inefficient technological processes that accompany the mechanical processing of solid materials in various industries, including metalworking and woodworking, coal enrichment, coal burning in thermal power plants, metallurgy and construction materials industries. The problem is relevant for cement factories, since some of them use outdated equipment. Fine dust in this context becomes particularly important because the particle size of this dust affects the quality and grade of the concrete produced. Given the specifics of cement production and the goals of our research, which are to effectively collect small particles, it is important to note that wet cement production methods are not the best solution. The ideal solution for the problem of cleaning dust and gas flows in the cement industry is the use of a two-stage dust collection system, which combines an advanced cyclone and a bag filter. The system's periodic shaking mechanism allows for effective capture and control of fine dust particles, ensuring high quality cement production and reducing environmental impact. The combination of a cyclone, an acoustic coalescer and a block of bag filters, which is equipped with a periodic cleaning mechanism, as well as the addition of a system for collecting fine dust using a collector funnel, will split the collected dust into two fractions: fine (a = 10−5 to 10−7m) and coarse (a > 10-4m). The first fraction can be used to produce high-quality cement of high cost in the cement industry. The second fraction returns to the main technological process at its finishing stage.
Eco-Custodians: A Contemporary Analysis of Tree Species Composition and Regeneration Health in Ramsagar and Singra National Parks, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossan Md. Sahadat , Ali Md. Manik , Bari Md. Shafiqul , Sarmin Israt Jahan
Published: April 2024

This study systematically assessed tree species composition and regeneration status within two protected national parks in Bangladesh: Singra National Park and Ramsagar National Park. We employed a stratified random quadrat method across 100 sample plots (50 quadrats from each national park of 10 m x 10 m). Our findings revealed 45 tree species belonging to 25 families. Myrtaceae and Dipterocarpaceae were the most dominant family, having a maximum number of species. We identified 16 exotic species of 10 families and 29 native species of 19 families. Phytosociological parameters like density, frequency, abundance, and importance value index (IVI) were determined. Shorea robusta with an IVI of 47.38 dominated Singra National Park, while Eucalyptus camaldulensis with an IVI of 22.67 was most important in Ramsagar National Park. Regeneration status was good for 15.56% of species, fair for 24.44%, poor for 28.89%, and absent for 17.78%. This study implied the need for collaborative conservation strategies involving policymakers, conservationists, and local communities to ensure the parks’ sustainable eco-custodianship.
Keywords: biodiversity, conservation, forest, national park, regeneration
SURVEI KETERAMPILAN BERHITUNG PENJUMLAHAN DAN PENGURANGAN SISWA KELAS RENDAH DI SD PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Rahmadania Safitri Salsa , Zakiah Linda , Sumantri M.Syarif
Published: April 2024

This study aims to assess the numeracy skills of low-grade students in solving addition and subtraction problems, and present solution options to overcome the problems that arise. The approach used was quantitative method. The research subjects consisted of second semester low-grade students at State Elementary School 07 Petukangan Utara, Pesanggrahan District, South Jakarta City. The data collection techniques used were written tests and documentation. From the results of the study, it was concluded that overall, counting skills reached 74.85%, categorized as sufficient. Obstacles in learning arithmetic include misconceptions in operations involving zero numbers, not understanding addition and subtraction procedures, difficulty understanding story problems, and lack of accuracy in working on problems. Solutions proposed to overcome learning obstacles during the learning process include the application of math learning, providing constructive exercises and reinforcement of concepts that are not understood. Based on these conclusions, the suggestions given are that teachers should pay attention to the level of student understanding, teach concepts by emphasizing their definitions and properties, and conduct further research to reveal problems and find solutions.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA KARTU KATA BERGAMBAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA SISWA KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Pamukir A. Y Diah Ayu , Masub Bakhtiar Afakhrul
Published: April 2024

Based on findings from MI Islamiyah Tugu Mantup researchers, researchers found that students' reading abilities were relatively low, there were some students who were able to read, but some still had difficulty reading. With this, researchers are carrying out research on picture word card media, which is expected to present a more visual and interesting learning concept for students. This research aims to conduct a qualitative analysis of the impact of using picture word card media on the reading ability of grade 1 elementary school students. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method, this research involves grade 1 students who are involved in learning using picture word cards as media. Data was collected through classroom observations, teacher interviews, and document analysis. The research results show that this media makes a positive contribution to the development of students' reading skills. Visualization of words through images not only improves contextual understanding, but also stimulates students' interest in the text. There was a significant difference in reading comprehension before and after media use, as well as a marked improvement in students' reading progress. Student engagement also increased, reflected in active participation in discussions. Teachers recognize the effectiveness of this media in creating an interactive learning environment. This research shows that picture word card media can be an effective learning tool to improve the reading skills of grade 1 students. It is hoped that teachers will integrate this media into the curriculum and provide additional training to teachers to maximize its potential. These findings contribute to the development of reading learning strategies at the initial level of education.
SURVEI KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN PPKN DI KELAS TINGGI SDN 07 PETUKANGAN UTARA
Authors: Rahmadina Siti , Zakiah Linda , Sumantri M. Syarif
Published: April 2024

During learning, there needs to be special attention to student social skills. The reason is that having social skills can have an influence on student activeness in learning. In this context, Civics learning is one of the lessons related to student social skills, because there are more aspects related to social, such as multicultural community relations. Based on that, the purpose of this research is to find out how much the level of student social skills in Civics learning. This research is a quantitative research with survey method. The subjects of this study were high class students who totaled 100 students. Sampling using simple random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by filling out a questionnaire. The results showed a correlation between social skills and Civics learning. Proven by the results of the study which are categorized as "good" with an average score of 67%.
Reviewing Southern Africa’s Status as a Developmental Region through Governance and Development
Authors: Joseph Juliet E.
Published: April 2024

This case study discusses how the democratic governance principles and norms impact development in the SADC, and how institutional and structural reforms require greater participation by society to address the governance challenges encountered in this subregion of Africa. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to examine and assess the relationship between SADC’s governance, democratic principles and norms, development plans and processes. A comparative analysis was conducted using SADC’s key democratic achievement connected to policies, processes, and remaining challenges. Subsequently, the key causes of SADC’s slow development on the African continent were explored, focusing on the failure to institutionalise liberal democratic governance consistently during postcolonial transition periods, speculating SADC’s slow development. The findings suggest that SADC is impacted by democratic principles, norms, and processes, such as local governance, civil society, and decentralisation of power. Bearing in mind Southern Africa’s economic frailty, elevated levels of civil unrest and poor service delivery, SADC authorities require a strong sub-regional governance strategy supported by robust national programmes to determine and overcome the factors hindering the institutionalisation of democratic principles in SADC, and promote strengthened institutional capacity. The unambiguous progression towards the consolidation of democracy, within the SADC, has impacted the governance and development successes of the region, resulting in democratic values and practices remaining shallowly rooted, and slow progress toward open and transparent governance.
Investigating EFL Faculty Members’ Perceptions of Integrating Artificial Intelligence Applications to Improve the Research Writing Process: A Case Study at Majmaah University
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Mudawy Ammar
Published: April 2024

The recent mainstreaming of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications and tools has significantly enhanced EFL educators’ research writing process. Nevertheless, few studies exist regarding how EFL educators understand AI applications and their integration into research writing processes and techniques. The current study aims to investigate the attitudes and perceptions of (n= 40) EFL teachers at Majmaah University concerning integrating AI tools in the Research writing process, by collecting data from mixed-methods source questionnaires and interviews. Thematic analysis was employed for qualitative data, while descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS were used for quantitative data analysis. The questionnaire results demonstrated that most respondents have positive perceptions toward integrating AI tools, believing they can improve efficiency and quality in the research writing process. However, more familiarity with existing AI applications is needed to ensure this integration process. Moreover, the study affirms the significant impact of training and support on the effective integration of AI tools. Respondents strongly agree about the benefits of AI applications in streamlining literature reviews, aiding in data analysis, reducing errors, and enhancing overall language quality. Interview responses further emphasize the possible benefits of AI tools in the research writing process, highlighting efficiency gains, assistance in various writing tasks, and improved quality of EFL teachers’ research articles. All the participants stress the importance of ethical utilization, maintaining quality, and vigilance when integrating these tools into the research writing process.
Empowering Language Learners’ Critical Thinking: Evaluating ChatGPT’s Role in English Course Implementation
Authors: Avsheniuk Nataliia , Lutsenko Olena , Svyrydiuk Tetiana , Seminikhyna Nataliia
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the influence of ChatGPT on critical thinking and English language learning within Ukrainian university English departments. Utilizing qualitative and quantitative methods, it involved 31 students and three language instructors in surveys and ChatGPT-assisted project-based activities. The significance of this study lies in its potential to guide the integration of AI tools in educational contexts, particularly in language learning. By examining the benefits and challenges of using ChatGPT, the study provides insights into how AI can support or hinder language learning and critical thinking. This is particularly relevant in the context of rapidly evolving educational technologies and the increasing use of AI in academic settings. In the spring semester of 2023, a research study was carried out involving students participating in a project-based activity using ChatGPT. The study comprised two main phases: initial survey, project completion, and evaluation. Quantitatively, it was found that 62% of students use ChatGPT weekly, underlining its role in their language studies. The results showed varied perspectives on its efficacy, especially in critical thinking, English skills development, and ethical considerations. Ethical and pedagogical issues were also significant, including concerns about the authenticity of AI responses, plagiarism risks, and AI dependency. Nevertheless, the potential advantages of ChatGPT, such as immediate language support and the promotion of learner independence, were acknowledged by students. The research concludes by recommending a careful integration of AI in language education.
ChatGPT and Academic Writing Self-Efficacy: Unveiling Correlations and Technological Dependency among Postgraduate Students
Authors: Bouzar Abdelouahd , EL Idrissi Khaoula , Ghourdou Tayeb
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the impact of ChatGPT usage on academic writing self-efficacy among 148 postgraduate students from Dhar EL Mahraz in Fez and Moulay Smail in Meknes, Morocco. It aims to illuminate the dynamics between ChatGPT usage and self-efficacy in academic writing. The study employed statistical analyses such as independent-sample t-tests and ordinal logistic regressions within a cross-sectional framework to explore the dynamics between ChatGPT use, reliance, and self-efficacy in scholarly writing. Results reveal that ChatGPT users reported higher self-efficacy scores (M=3.96, SD=0.61) compared to non-users (M=3.44, SD=1.38), suggesting the potential of ChatGPT in enhancing writing self-efficacy by providing continuous feedback and fostering a sense of accomplishment. Further analyses indicate that writing self-efficacy significantly predicts the duration of ChatGPT usage (Estimate = .692, p = .011), suggesting a positive correlation between self-efficacy and prolonged ChatGPT engagement. Furthermore, the frequency of ChatGPT use was found to predict reliance on the tool (β = .619, p < .001), underscoring a habituation effect. These findings contribute to the growing discourse on the role of AI in academic writing, emphasizing the benefits of ChatGPT in fostering writing self-efficacy while cautioning against over-reliance. Recommendations include longitudinal studies to assess the evolution of writing self-efficacy with continued ChatGPT use and broader research encompassing various AI tools and academic levels. This study sheds light on the advantages of AI in education and draws attention to the need for a balanced integration of technology in academic practices.
Evaluating Translation Tools: Google Translate, Bing Translator, and Bing AI on Arabic Colloquialisms
Authors: Abdullah H Aldawsar Hamad
Published: April 2024

This study examines the advancements in AI-driven machine translation, specifically focusing on the accurate translation of Arabic colloquial expressions. It aims to assess the progress made by Large Language Models, such as Bing AI Chat, compared to traditional machine translation systems. By focusing on colloquial expressions, this research aims to shed light on the challenges and opportunities for improvement in machine translation systems, particularly when dealing with the complexities of translating informal Arabic utterances. Building upon At-tall’s 2019 thesis, which compared Google Translate and human translators, the study employs the same Arabic sentences as a test dataset, allowing for a direct comparison between 2019 translations and those produced by current machine translation tools. The findings indicate limited improvement in Google Translate since 2019, with Bing Translator exhibiting a similar level of translation accuracy. In contrast, Bing AI Chat consistently outperformed the other systems, showcasing the potential of Large Language Model machine translation. Notably, Bing AI Chat provided interpretations and valuable comments on the tested Arabic phrases, demonstrating a deeper understanding of the intended meaning. This study contributes significantly to the field of machine translation by providing evidence of the potential of Large Language Model systems in producing more accurate Arabic-English translations. It emphasizes the advantage of Large Language Models in dealing with non-standard Arabic expressions, encouraging further exploration of Large Language Model-powered approaches in machine translation. The findings offer a promising pathway towards achieving more accurate and expressive translations across diverse languages and cultures.
Locating the Intersection of Generative Artificial Intelligence and Human English Writing Skills: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ali Sadia
Published: April 2024

This paper offers a multi-dimensional comparative analysis of the linguistic characteristics found in the introduction sections of dissertations produced by ChatGPT and those written by Saudi authors. This research paper aims to analyze the linguistic variation in the introduction part of the dissertations written by Saudi writers compared with the introduction produced by ChatGPT. An extensive analysis of more than 150 linguistic features, including lexico-grammatical structures and semantic nuances, is performed using Multidimensional Analysis Tagger (MAT) tagger. A corpus of dissertation introductions written by Saudi students is compiled and analyzed. Furthermore, a corpus is created that comprises introductions produced by ChatGPT. The study investigates the relationship between language produced by AI and human-written content, revealing unique linguistic preferences. The results indicate ChatGPT is more informational, explicit and less non-narrative and non-argumentative than human-written introductions. There is a significant difference in discourse production on dimension five, as human-written introductions produce abstract and ChatGPT produces non-abstract discourse. The study is significant as it highlights the linguistic differences between the writing styles of ChatGPT and Saudi writers, indicating potential areas of improvement for AI-generated texts.
Beyond Syntax: Exploring Moroccan Undergraduate with AI-Assisted Writing
Authors: Moussa Anass , Belhiah Hassan
Published: April 2024

Amidst the rapid integration of artificial intelligence into education, this research aims to uncover patterns and themes within student-written assignments, shedding light on the diverse impacts of AI tools on the writing process. This study explores the intricate dynamics of undergraduate EFL learners’ interaction with AI-supported writing tools, focusing specifically on writing. The investigation, guided by questions about student use of AI-supported writing tools and the influence of different tools on writing quality, addresses notable gaps in the existing literature. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with purposive sampling of 62 Business Law undergraduates enrolled in a general English course at the International University of Rabat, Morocco, dividing them into two groups: one received structured AI training, while the other acted as a control group. Results revealed positive outcomes in language proficiency, creativity, organizational skills, and vocabulary use with AI assistance, emphasizing the transformative impact of AI on writing. The study also observed shifting preferences in AI writing tools, urging educators and developers to adapt to evolving user choices and promote continuous innovation in AI writing tools.
ГЕОМЕТРИЗИРОВАННАЯ ФИЗИКА ВАКУУМА. ЧАСТЬ 2. АЛГЕБРА СИГНАТУР
Authors: БатановГаухман Михаил
Published: April 2024

Данная статья является второй частью научного проекта под общим названием «Геометризированная физика вакуума». На основе Алгебры стигнатур, изложенной в предыдущей статье [1], в этой статье развиваются основные положения Алгебры сигнатур. Обе вышеупомянутые алгебры направлены на исследование свойств идеального вакуума, но вместе с тем они носят универсальный характер и могут быть применены в различных отраслях знания. Показано, что сигнатура квадратичной формы связана с топологией метрического пространства, для которого данная квадратичная форма является метрикой. Приведены условия, при которых аддитивное наложение метрических пространств с различными топологиями (или сигнатурами) приводит к суммарно-му Риччи плоскому пространству, сходному с многообразием Калаби-Яу. Рассмотрено спин-тензорное представление метрик с различными сигнатурами и представлено дираковское расслоение квадратичных форм. В этой статье отсутствуют физические приложения Алгебры сигнатур, но потенциальная мощь данного математического аппарата будет продемонстрирована в последующих статьях этого проекта.
Delving into sustainability reporting literature: The role of ethics
Authors: Correa Porcel Víctor , Casado Belmonte María Pilar , Capobianco Uriarte María Mercedes
Published: April 2024

Research background: After major scandals in apparently reputable and solvent companies, added to the great economic crises of recent decades, accounting and finance have become a fundamental discipline for the correct study of these events from an ethical point of view. Philosophers, economists and even religious people have wanted to contribute their grain of sand to the study of the ethical behaviour of companies and make it go beyond mere administration. In recent years, non-financial reporting has been gaining ground, to the point that the legal system now makes it compulsory in most Western countries.
Purpose of the article: This study aims to review and summarize the role of ethics in the sustainability reporting so as to develop a holistic framework of ethics in the sustainability reporting; review the evolution of the research field; and identify the most significant research tendencies enabling the proposal of several future research directions.
Methods: Using the Scopus and Web of Science databases, a bibliometric analysis has been carried out in the field of accounting on this topic from its formal origins in the 1980s to the present day, in addition to highlighting the importance of sustainability. 271 articles have been used as a basis for developing the main trends at bibliographic, geographical and institutional levels.
Findings & value added: This study highlights the importance of incorporating ethics in non-financial information as a field of research, through two very different lines of research that have gained importance in recent years: ethics in business and the growing relevance of non-financial information. It also incorporates a bibliometric analysis with information obtained from two major databases: Scopus and Web of Science. The use of both databases makes it possible to broaden the body of articles covered, compared to other bibliometric analyses previously carried out on similar topics, and allows for the inclusion of more relevant articles on this subject.
MODELING AND PREDICTING THE DYNAMICS OF COVID-19 IN MALAYSIA: A STATE-SPACE APPROACH
Authors:   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Jalan Purnama, Bandar Seri Alam, 81750 Masai, Johor, Malaysia, Wan Mohamad Wan Munirah , Mohd Salleh Syazwani ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Seremban 3 Branch, Persiaran Seremban Tiga 1, Seremban 3, 70300 Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Tengku Nadzion Tengku Farah Busyra ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Seremban 3 Branch, Persiaran Seremban Tiga 1, Seremban 3, 70300 Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Mohd Riza Abdul Latif Mohd Riza ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Seremban 3 Branch, Persiaran Seremban Tiga 1, Seremban 3, 70300 Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Ashaari Azmirul ,   Azman Hashim International Business School, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
Published: April 2024

The emergence of COVID-19 in Malaysia in January 2020 marked the beginning of a significant public health challenge. Despite the transition to the endemic phase on April 1, 2022, the global impact of the virus remains substantial. This research aims to forecast the cumulative number of detected cases and deaths by employing a state-space model derived from the Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) model, capturing the multi-wave dynamics of COVID-19. The modeling focuses on estimating the trends within the time interval spanning from week 1 to week 12, commencing in mid-June 2022. Real-time data sourced from the Ministry of Health in Malaysia serve as the basis for model development and validation, utilizing MATLAB and Simulink for simulation purposes. The findings of the simulation reveal a direct correlation between the number of detected cases and deaths, suggesting a positive relationship with the real-life situation. This mathematical representation contributes to a deeper understanding of the ongoing dynamics of COVID-19 and provides a tool for predicting future trends, aiding in public health planning and response efforts.
Choosing a Suitable Requirement Prioritization Method: A Survey
Authors: Castillo-Valdivieso Pedro A. , Alhenawi Esraa , Awawdeh Shatha , Abu Khurma Ruba , García-Arenas Maribel , Hudaib Amjad
Published: April 2024

Software requirements prioritization plays a crucial role in software development. It can be viewed as the process of ordering requirements by determining which requirements must be done first and which can be done later. Powerful requirements prioritization techniques are of paramount importance to finish the implementation on time and budget. Many factors affect requirement prioritization such as stakeholder expectations, complexity, dependency, scalability, risk and cost. Therefore, finding the proper order of requirements is a challenging process. Hence, different types of requirements prioritization techniques have been developed to support this task. In this survey we propose a novel classification that can classify the prioritization techniques under two major classes: relative and exact prioritization techniques class where each class is divided into two subclasses. We also provide an overview about fifteen different requirements prioritization techniques that are classified under our proposed classification. Moreover, we make a comparison between methods that are related to the same subclass to analyze their strengths and weakness. Based on the comparison results, the properties for each proposed subclass of techniques are identified. Depending on these properties, we present some recommendations to help project managers in the process of selection the most suitable technique to prioritize requirements based on their project characteristics.
La sección argentina del Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN). Notas de investigación
Authors: Custer Carlos Ignacio
Published: April 2024

El propósito de este artículo es abordar el intento de conformar la sección argentina del Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN). Para ello, en la primera parte del trabajo analizamos la composición de los diferentes nucleamientos militantes que viajaron, entre 1966-1967, hacia Cuba con el propósito de adiestrarse militarmente para integrar la columna guerrillera argentina proyectada a ser comandada por Ernesto Guevara, antecedente inmediato de aquella experiencia. En la segunda, nos adentramos en el análisis de la fisionomía y lógica de funcionamiento de la sección argentina, conformada secretamente para ligarse en coordinación al intento de relanzar el ELN, bajo el liderazgo de Álvaro Peredo, luego del fracaso de su antecesor. Finalmente, consideramos que la experiencia “elena” en Argentina constituye un momento bisagra en el devenir del movimiento armado argentino por dos razones: 1) Manifiesta un trazo de continuidad con el surgimiento de las organizaciones armadas revolucionarias setentistas; 2) Expresa un deslizamiento hacia una mayor autonomía en relación al impulso brindado por las autoridades cubanas. Para la labor efectuada se ha recurrido a un insumo variado de fuentes historiográficas conformado por entrevistas orales, informes de fuerzas de seguridad, documentos partidarios y prensa comercial.