bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study protocol for the Alzheimer and music therapy study: An RCT to compare the efficacy of music therapy and physical activity on brain plasticity, depressive symptoms, and cognitive decline, in a population with and at risk for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Flo Birthe K. , Matziorinis Anna Maria , Skouras Stavros , Sudmann Tobba Therkildsen , Gold Christian , Koelsch Stefan
Published: June 2022

Background

There is anecdotal evidence for beneficial effects of music therapy in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, there is a lack of rigorous research investigating this issue. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of music therapy and physical activity on brain plasticity, mood, and cognition in a population with AD and at risk for AD.

Methods

One-hundred and thirty-five participants with memory complaints will be recruited for a parallel, three-arm Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Inclusion criteria are a diagnosis of mild (early) AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or memory complaints without other neuropsychiatric pathology. Participants are randomised into either a music therapy intervention (singing lessons), an active control group (physical activity) or a passive control group (no intervention) for 12 months. The primary outcomes are the brain age gap, measured via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes include cognitive performance, activities of daily living, brain structure (voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging), and brain function (resting-state functional MRI).

Trial status

Screening of participants began in April 2018. A total of 84 participants have been recruited and started intervention, out of which 48 participants have completed 12 months of intervention and post-intervention assessment.

Discussion

Addressing the need for rigorous longitudinal data for the effectiveness of music therapy in people with and at risk for developing AD, this trial aims to enhance knowledge regarding cost-effective interventions with potentially high clinical applicability.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT03444181, registered on February 23, 2018.
The Chinese version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale: Psychometric properties in a sample of young adults
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Wang Zhen , Zheng Xiaoyu , Wu Zhiyin , Zhu Jianjun
Published: June 2022

There are several effective self-report instruments used by Chinese researchers to retrospectively assess exposure to childhood maltreatment. However, these measures do not assess the timing of exposure, restricting efforts to identify periods of development when childhood maltreatment maximally increases vulnerability to psychopathology and health outcomes. In the current study we created a Chinese version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale, which assesses multiplicity (number of types of maltreatment experienced) and severity of maltreatment as well as when it occurred during childhood and adolescence. Rasch modeling was used for scale development in a sample of 812 undergraduate students. Item reduction analysis of the original 75 items produced a 58-item Chinese version with ten subdimensions. The new scale showed good three-week test-retest reliability, and good convergent validity with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the revised Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACEQ-R). Variance decomposition analyses found that compared to the CTQ and ACE, the MACE Severity and Multiplicity scores explained higher variance in self-reported depression and anxiety symptom ratings on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS). The results of the present study confirmed that the Chinese version of the MACE has sound psychometric properties in the Chinese cultural context. This new instrument will be a valuable tool for Chinese researchers, psychiatrists and psychologists to ascertain the type and timing of exposure to maltreatment.
Driven by notifications – exploring the effects of badge notifications on user experience
Authors: Bartoli Nicola , Benedetto Simone
Published: June 2022

Notification badges are an unexplored category of visual feedback to which we are continuously exposed. This study aims to deepen knowledge on the topic by measuring the behavioral effects of notification badges on a large sample of smartphone users. More precisely, the goal of the study is to observe if the presence of notification badges increases the frequency of clicks on apps. More than 1000 participants were involved in a remote between-subjects experiment, allocated into fifteen equinumerous groups of comparison. Each participant was presented with a smartphone screen displaying fifteen app icons and just one badge notification. Participants were asked to perform a remote user test called First Impression Click Test: a methodology that indicates where they would click first to accomplish a given task (i.e., Where would you click first on this screen?). Our results show a large increase in the number of clicks on apps with notification badges compared to those without notification badges and suggest the important ability of these small affordances to attract attention and stimulate action. Based on the evidence provided, our findings have practical implications for user experience design.
Genetic Odyssey to Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament in the Cervical Spine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Won Young Il , Lee Chang-Hyun , Yuh Woon Tak , Kwon Shin Won , Kim Chi Heon , Chung Chun Kee
Published: June 2022

Despite numerous studies, the pathogenesis of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is still unclear. Previous genetic studies proposed variations in genes related to bone and collagen as a cause of OPLL. It is unclear whether the upregulations of those genes are the cause of OPLL or an intermediate result of endochondral ossification process. Causal variations may be in the inflammation-related genes supported by clinical and updated genomic studies. OPLL demonstrates features of genetic diseases but can also be induced by mechanical stress by itself. OPLL may be a combination of various diseases that share ossification as a common pathway and can be divided into genetic and idiopathic. The phenotype of OPLL can be divided into continuous (including mixed) and segmental (including localized) based on the histopathology, prognosis, and appearance. Continuous OPLL shows substantial overexpression of osteoblast-specific genes, frequent upper cervical involvement, common progression, and need for surgery, whereas segmental OPLL shows moderate-to-high expression of these genes and is often clinically silent. Genetic OPLL seems to share clinical features with the continuous type, while idiopathic OPLL shares features with the segmental type. Further genomic studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between genetic OPLL and phenotype of OPLL.
Established and Emerging Therapies in Acute Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Gadot Ron , Smith David N. , Prablek Marc , Grochmal Joey K. , Fuentes Alfonso , Ropper Alexander E.
Published: June 2022

Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is devastating for patients and their caretakers and has an annual incidence of 20–50 per million people. Following initial assessment with appropriate physical examination and imaging, patients who are deemed surgical candidates should undergo decompression with stabilization. Earlier intervention can improve neurological recovery in the post-operative period while allowing earlier mobilization. Optimized medical management is paramount to improve outcomes. Emerging strategies for managing SCI in the acute period stem from an evolving understanding of the pathophysiology of the injury. General areas of focus include ischemia prevention, reduction of secondary injury due to inflammation, modulation of the cytotoxic and immune response, and promotion of cellular regeneration. In this article, we review established, emerging, and novel experimental therapies. Continued translational research on these methods will improve the feasibility of bench-to-bedside innovations in treating patients with acute SCI.
Cultural and educational releases of salmon in areas blocked by major hydroelectric projects on the Columbia River
Authors: Baldwin Casey , Giorgi Conor , Biladeau Thomas
Published: June 2022

Salmon are revered by Pacific Northwest Tribes as a central figure in their cultural and spiritual identity and have been a critical food resource for millennia. Historic commercial overfishing and hydropower development on the Columbia River have devastated salmon runs and altered tribal communities. Before European settlement of North America, most Pacific Northwest Tribal economies were based on obtaining salmon for food and bartering for other commodities. Despite extensive efforts to promote salmon recovery in downstream areas, most salmon populations continue to struggle throughout the Columbia River Basin. Over 1,800 km of historical salmon habitat remain inaccessible upstream of Chief Joseph and Grand Coulee dams due to lack of fish passage at these facilities. The Indian Tribes of the upper Columbia Basin are working collectively on salmon reintroduction efforts through both a long-term scientific phased approach and near-term cultural and educational releases. This paper will briefly outline the Phased approach and provide detail on the initial results of some recent cultural and educational releases of salmon in the blocked area. The cultural and educational releases had a goal of reconnecting the people with the salmon and the salmon with historic habitats. These salmon release events were diverse and included school children releasing juvenile fish they raised in the classroom, releasing adult salmon to swim free and reproduce, and tribal members harvesting salmon from their ancestral waters. Ceremonies were held to celebrate the significance of salmon to the tribal cultures and the salmon's return home. In addition to the ceremonies, some fish were tagged to evaluate survival and behavior and to begin to document the effectiveness of trap and haul efforts. The effort resulted in anadromous salmon reintroduction to their traditional waters for the first time in 60 to 110 years. These efforts have generated tremendous interest from the press and given the people of the region a glimpse at what is possible, building momentum for the larger Phased reintroduction effort.
Reconnecting people to the Detroit River – A transboundary effort
Authors: Hartig John H. , Scott Todd , Gell Gwen , Berk Kevin
Published: June 2022

Windsor in Ontario, Canada and Detroit in Michigan, USA are Great Lakes border cities on the Detroit River that have a long history of water pollution. Public outcry over water pollution in the 1960s led to the enactment of environmental laws starting in the early 1970s. As these laws were implemented and water quality improved, citizens started calling for improved public access to the river, including establishing linked riverfront greenways. This paper presents a case study of greenway development in these border cities based on indicator reporting to comprehensively assess ecosystem health. Findings show that waterfront greenways were catalyzed by cleanup of the Detroit River. As greenway systems expanded on both sides of the border, greenway stakeholders began to envision cross-border greenway connections that would stimulate ecotourism, help encourage healthy lifestyles, and enhance quality of life in southwest Ontario and southeast Michigan. Recommended next steps include investing in greenway capacity building, identifying and testing creative financing options for greenways, formalizing institutional arrangements between Canada and the United States for a binational greenway network, and strengthening cross-border greenway connections by reestablishing a cross-border ferry, offering free access to the tunnel bus on weekends for cyclists, and hosting Windsor-Detroit open streets’ events. Robust transboundary greenway partnerships are critical to realizing the full potential of cross border greenway systems, including expanding outdoor recreation and ecotourism, conserving natural resources, and inspiring a stewardship ethic for shared ecosystems.
Climas empowering y disempowering, necesidades psicológicas e intención de práctica deportiva futura en jóvenes deportistas
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, México, Mosqueda Sofia , Ramírez José J. ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, México, Tomás Inés ,   Universitat de Valencia, España, Reynaga-Estrada Pedro ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, México, Vanegas-Farfano Minerva ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, México, López-Walle Jeanette M. ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, México
Published: June 2022

Introducción: El objetivo principal de este trabajo es conocer la interrelación entre la percepción de los climas empowering y disempowering generados por los entrenadores (nivel equipo) con la satisfacción y frustración de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, y estas, a su vez, con las intenciones de continuar y abandonar la práctica deportiva (nivel individual) en jóvenes deportistas. Método: Participaron 251 deportistas mexicanos (M = 13.22, DT = 1.28) pertenecientes a 19 equipos. Se les aplicó una batería de cuestionarios para la recolección de datos y se realizó un análisis multinivel de ecuaciones estructuradas. Resultados: El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales reveló asociaciones positivas entre las percepciones de climas empowering desde una perspectiva grupal sobre la satisfacción de necesidades psicológicas básicas y de estas sobre las intenciones de continuar la práctica deportiva desde una perspectiva individual, así como entre las percepciones de un clima disempowering sobre la frustración de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y de estas sobre las intenciones de abandono. Conclusión: Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren en un nivel aplicado que el clima empowering actúa como catalizador del bienestar psicológico y como protector de la aparición de frustración, mientras que el clima disempowering facilita el desarrollo de respuestas psicológicas desadaptativas en el deporte.
Peran Kognisi Sosial dan Schadenfreude Terhadap Empati Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Malang
Authors: Widayati Hanum Putryani , Farida Ika Andrini
Published: June 2022

Empathy is very important not only in social life but also to create communication in counseling in the field of psychology and counseling guidance. The emergence of empathy in an individual can be influenced by social cognition and schadenfreude. For this reason, the objective of this study was to clarify the role of social cognition and schadenfreude in empathy in State University of Malang undergraduate students majoring in psychology and counseling guidance. This study was quantitative with a correlational approach. This study also uses several measuring instruments such as The Edinburgh Social Cognition Test (ESCoT) to measure social cognition, the Schadenfreude measuring instrument created by Alison Baren to measure Schadenfreude, and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) to measure empathy. Hypothesis testing was conducted using multiple regression analysis. The results found that there was a role for social cognition and Schadenfreude on empathy which shows that the greater the social cognition ability, the better the empathy ability. However, increases in Schadenfreude behavior can reduce the ability to empathize. This study can be used as a reference for creating modules for psychology majors, guidance and counseling majors, and other parties to increase empathy in individuals by training social cognition skills. Abstrak. Empati merupakan hal yang penting dalam kehidupan sosial. Empati sangat dibutuhkan dalam proses konseling psikologi. Munculnya empati pada seseorang dapat dipengaruhi oleh kognisi sosial dan schadenfreude. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklarifikasi peran kognisi sosial dan schadenfreude dengan empati pada mahasiswa program sarjana jurusan Psikologi dan Bimbingan Konseling Universitas Negeri Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasi. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu The Edinburgh Social Cognition Test (ESCoT) untuk mengukur kognisi sosial, alat ukur Schadenfreude yang dibuat oleh Alison Baren untuk mengukur schadenfreude, dan Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) untuk mengukur empati. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peran kognisi sosial dan schadenfreude terhadap empati. Dimana hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa semakin baik kemampuan kognisi sosial, maka akan semakin baik pula kemampuan empati yang dimiliki. Namun, apabila perilaku schadenfreude yang dimiliki tinggi, maka hal tersebut dapat menurunkan kemampuan empati yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi referensi pembuatan modul bagi jurusan psikologi, jurusan bimbingan dan konseling, serta pihak lainnya untuk meningkatkan empati pada seseorang dengan cara melatih kemampuan kognisi sosial.
Factores determinantes de la creación de empresas de base tecnológica en Colombia.
Authors: Moreno Cuello José Luis , Ramos Camargo José Luis
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se identifican los factores micro, meso y ma-croeconómicos condicionantes de la creación de empresas de base tecnológica en Colombia. Metodológicamente, se hace un estudio descriptivo, bajo la premisa de ser cualitativo – cuantitativo, y se profundiza en el mismo, a partir del Análisis de Correspondencia Múltiple (ACM). Los resultados reflejan que existen elementos micro, meso y macroeconómicos que influyen en la creación y evolución de las empresas de base tecnológica, entre los cuales sobresalen a nivel microeconómico el tiempo de recuperación de la inversión y los costos de la actividad innovadora; a nivel mesoeco-nómico, la cooperación entre empresas e incubadoras y el acceso al financiamiento, y en el ámbito macroeconómico, las políticas cambiarias de corto plazo. A manera de conclusión se sugiere implementar una política de Estado, que responda a los ritmos de generación de ideas innovadoras de los futuros empresarios.
Paramilitarismo en la ciudad de Barranquilla. Crimen organizado y mercados de violencia
Authors: Trejos Rosero Luis , Posada Ramírez Aura
Published: June 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo hacer una aproximación –a partir de teorías explicativas del crimen organizado–, a los medios y fines utilizados por el paramilitarismo, más específicamente por el Frente José Pablo Díaz del Bloque Norte de las Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia en la ciudad de Barranquilla. También se busca demostrar que la presencia del paramilitarismo en la ciudad de Barranquilla (Colombia) no obedeció a una estrategia contrainsurgente sino a sus estrechos vínculos con el narcotráfico y el crimen organizado.
Los problemas del desarrollo de La industria autopartista argentina durante el peronismo (1945-1955)
Authors: Harari Ianina
Published: June 2022

Este artículo se propone examinar el desarrollo de la industria autopartista argentina durante los dos primeros gobiernos pero-nistas (1945 y 1955). Nos centramos en las políticas de incen-tivo al sector, principalmente a través de la fábrica automotriz de Industrias Aeronáuticas y Mecánicas del Estado. Asimismo, analizamos los límites con que esta actividad se encontró al ex-pandirse en el período, en especial en relación con las materias primas y el equipamiento. Creemos que a pesar de los incentivos estatales, el desarrollo de esta rama encontró obstáculos propios de la estructura económica del país. En este trabajo utilizamos fuentes tanto oficiales como publicaciones de entidades empre-sariales, entre otras.
Antiproliferative activity of Ethanolic Extract of Kembang Bulan (Tithonia diversifolia) Leaf on HeLa Cervical Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Puspitasari Endah , Nuri Nuri , Ningsih Indah Yulia , Triatmoko Bawon , Dianasari Dewi
Published: June 2022

Tithonia diversifolia has been showed to be cytotoxic and antiproliferative on colon cancer, glioblastoma, hepatoma, kidney cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, leukemia, ovary cancer, prostate cancer, and stomach cancer cell lines, but not on cervical cancer cells yet. Our research aimed to determine the cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activity of T.diversifolia leaf ethanolic extract on HeLa cervical cancer cell line. The cytotoxicity and the antiproferative activity assay were done using MTT method for 24 h for cytotoxic assay; and series of 24, 48, and 72 h for antiproliferative assay. The cytotoxic activity was analyzed using IC50, while the antiproliferative assay was analyzed based on the proliferation kinetics. All assays were done in triplicate. T.diversifolia leaf ethanolic extract exhibited strong cytotoxic activity on HeLa cervical cancer cell lines with the IC50 of 97.839±10.120 μg/mL. The cytotoxic activity was dose dependent. Based on the proliferation assay, the antiproliferative activity was stronger as the incubation time and the dose increases. T.diversifolia leaf ethanolic extract showed strong cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity on HeLa cervical cancer cell lines.Keywords: T.diversifolia leaf ethanolic extract, cytotoxicity assay, antiproliferative assay, HeLa cervical cancer cells.
INVARIANT SPACES OF OSKOLKOV STOCHASTIC LINEAR EQUATIONS ON THE MANIFOLD
Authors:   South Ural State University (national research university), Kitaeva O.G.
Published: June 2022

The Oskolkov equation is obtained from the Oskolkov system of equations describing the dynamics of a viscoelastic fluid, after stopping one of the spatial variables and introducing a stream function. The article considers a stochastic analogue of the linear Oskolkov equation for plane-parallel flows in spaces of differential forms defined on a smooth compact oriented manifold without boundary. In these Hilbert spaces, spaces of random K-variables and K-“noises” are constructed, and the question of the stability of solutions of the Oskolkov linear equation in the constructed spaces is solved in terms of stable and unstable invariant spaces and exponential dichotomies of solutions. Oskolkov stochastic linear equation is considered as a special case of a stochastic linear Sobolev-type equation, where the Nelson–Glicklich derivative is taken as the derivative, and a random process acts as the unknown. The existence of stable and unstable invariant spaces is shown for different values of the parameters entering into the Oskolkov equation.
ON ONE EQUATION OF INTERNAL WAVES
Authors:   South Ural State University (national research university), Kotlovanov K.Yu.
Published: June 2022

The Cauchy–Dirichlet problem is considered for the equation of internal waves. This equation has various applications in hydrodynamics, for example, in the study of waves in the ocean. The article provides an analytical study of one equation of internal waves. This equation characterizes propagation of waves in a homogeneous incompressible stratified fluid. The equation of internal waves is reduced to an abstract semilinear Sobolev type equation of the second order. The study of the equation is carried out within the framework of the theory of polynomially bounded operator pencils. In this work, we construct propagators for the equation of internal waves. Also, we present two model examples, where the domain D is represented in the form of a cylinder and a parallelepiped. The result of the work is an analytical solution to the considered cases for the equation of internal waves.
Intensity of use of hybrid vehicles during the initial period of their operation
Authors: Prochowski Leon , Ziubiński Mateusz
Published: June 2022

Extensive environmental protection activities include the promotion of alternative drive systems for motor vehicles. An important role in this field is played by hybrid vehicles, with their low operation costs being a strong marketing argument. Can such economies be conducive to the intensity of use of hybrid vehicles compared with vehicles with conventional drive systems? To answer this question, the intensity of use of hybrid vehicles was observed in a few different countries. The attention was focused on the occurrence of extreme (very low and very high) mileage values within comparable vehicle groups.
The survey carried out has revealed distinct differences in the intensity of use of hybrid vehicles compared with motor vehicles with conventional drive systems (IC). The average mileage values for hybrid vehicles are higher than those recorded for conventional ones during the same period, but this difference can only be seen in the initial period of vehicle use, rapidly decreasing with vehicle operation years. The share of vehicles with extreme mileage values recorded during the period under observation, presented in the paper in several ways, declines with the years of vehicle use. In spite of that, however, the percentage of vehicles with extreme mileage values is high in HVs group against IC.
Determining the trajectory of the vehicle motion on the basis of the recorded physical quantities describing its dynamics during double lane change maneuvers
Authors: Pusty Tomasz
Published: June 2022

The paper indicated the results of the vehicle motion trajectory calculations determined on the basis of the recorded waveforms of the acceleration vector and angular velocity components during the double lane change maneuver, taking into account the errors of acceleration sensors reset (zeroing). For the sake of simplicity, it was assumed that the zeroing errors apply only to the linear acceleration sensors, while the angular velocity sensors show exact values at the time t = 0 s (when starting the double lane change maneuver). During the analysis of the results of the experimental research, the vehicle kinematics model was used, in which right-handed coordinate systems were used: global and two local coordinate systems. The differences in the results of the calculations were determined and possible causes of these differences were indicated. The test results indicate that special attention should be paid to zeroing the acceleration sensors, in particular the ay component.
Populism, Radical Democracy, and the Indonesian Process of Democratization
Authors: Madung Otto Gusti Ndegong , Mai Adrianus Yohanes
Published: June 2022

This paper discusses the ideas of populism as highlighted by Mouffe and Laclau to analyze its relevance for Indonesian democracy context. Populism is a political style which is a source for change based on the systematic use of rhetorical appeal to the people. This research focuses on populism in relation to democracy which brings forth left and right-wing populism. The concept of populism in general leads us to look at the fact of populism in Indonesia democracy context. Some crisis such us economic crisis, poverty, inequality and the failure of the government in looking after the common will and the common good of people lead to create a ‘populist moment’ particularly in Indonesia context. Therefore, radical democracy and left populism of Chantal Mouffe and Ernesto Laclau which this research is focusing on, offers some relevant suggestions to enhance the democratic participation of the people to overcome some crises in Indonesia democracy, which is mostly being co-opted by predatory oligarchy.
Menakar Kesiapan Indonesia dalam Merespons Perjanjian Perdagangan Internasional
Authors: Winanti Poppy Sulistyaning
Published: June 2022

Stagnasi dalam perundingan perdagangan multilateral di World Trade Organization (WTO) pada dua dekade terakhir, mendorong munculnya inisiatif perundingan di tingkat regional atau bilateral. Indonesia termasuk negara yang aktif terlibat dalam berbagai inisiatif perundingan perdagangan tersebut. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan kesiapan Indonesia merespons perjanjian perdagangan internasional khususnys Indonesia - Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IA-CEPA) dan Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Dengan memanfaatkan perspektif ‘ofensif’ dan ‘defensif’ dalam kebijakan perdagangan, kesiapan Indonesia akan dicermati dari dua sisi kepentingan. Kepentingan ofensif dilihat dari kesiapan untuk memanfaatkan peluang atas kemudahan akses pasar yang tersedia. Kepentingan defensif dianalisis dari kesiapan atas daya saing akibat dari konsekuensi perjanjian yang bersifat timbal balik. Tulisan ini berargumen bahwa pemerintah Indonesia masih kesulitan dalam menangkap peluang kepentingan ofensif karena akses pasar yang tersedia belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Besarnya potensi pasar domestik, menjadi salah satu penyebab ekspansi pasar global belum menjadi prioritas pelaku bisnis nasional. Sedangkan dari aspek kepentingan defensif, kemudahan masuknya produk asing perlu dipastikan tidak mematikan produsen dalam negeri akibat tidak memiliki daya saing, namun justru dapat dimaksimalkan agar menjadi pelengkap bagi rantai produksi domestik.
Ochrona klimatu a konstytucja – historyczne postanowienie Federalnego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z 24 marca 2021 roku
Authors: Kahl Wolfgang
Published: June 2022

Przedmiotem opracowania jest ocena wpływu orzeczenia niemieckiego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z 24 marca 2021 r. na niemiecką i europejską regulację prawną z zakresu ochrony klimatu. Główna teza sprowadza się do konieczności zmiany obu reżimów prawnych w kierunku zdecydowanego ograniczenia emisji dwutlenku węgla do środowiska. Postanowienie klimatyczne dało nowy impuls do podjęcia wyzwania ekologicznej transformacji, któremu dotychczas niemiecki prawodawca nie był w stanie sprostać. Wprawdzie Trybunał uznał dotychczasową regulację prawa niemieckiego za zgodną z Konstytucją, niemniej w miarę nasilania się globalnego ocieplenia wymagania dotyczące wzmocnienia ochrony środowiska mogą wzrosnąć, a Trybunał prawdopodobnie dokona bardziej rygorystycznego przeglądu obowiązującej regulacji prawnej. W literaturze istnieje obecnie wiele spekulacji na temat zakresu znaczenia postanowienia Federalnego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego. Ostatecznie jednak na pytanie, czy orzeczenie to pozostanie szczególnym przypadkiem, czy też zapoczątkuje linię orzeczniczą zmierzającą do większej sprawiedliwości międzypokoleniowej, odpowiedzieć może jedynie przyszłe orzecznictwo sądowe.
O dyskrecjonalnej władzy zarządzania procedurami podatkowymi
Authors: Filipczyk Hanna
Published: June 2022

Celem artykułu jest analiza przysługującej organom podatkowym dyskrecjonalnej władzy zarządzania procedurami podatkowymi – jej scharakteryzowanie i sformułowanie postulatów dotyczących jej prawnej regulacji i praktycznego wykorzystania. W badaniu zastosowano metodę dogmatycznoprawną; w szczególności przeprowadzono studium przypadku: dyskrecjonalności wszczęcia kontroli celno-skarbowej. Jak wykazano, dyskrecjonalność tego typu jest rozległa i wielopostaciowa, jest też słabo prawnie zdeterminowana. Jednym z jej przejawów jest swoboda uwzględniania w rozstrzyganiu spraw podatkowych szans na wygraną w sporze sądowym ze stroną postępowania. Ocena takich szans może prowadzić (i często rzeczywiście prowadzi) do zawarcia przez organ podatkowy ze stroną postępowania (podatnikiem) nieformalnej ugody procesowej w miejsce dalszego prowadzenia sporu. Większość przejawów dyskrecjonalności w zarządzaniu procedurami podatkowymi uchodzi uwagi polskiego ustawodawcy. Dyskrecjonalność ta powinna zostać poddana doktrynalnej analizie i prawnej regulacji. Zapewni to większą przejrzystość i kontrolowalność sposobu jej wykorzystania.
Komiczno-humorystyczny charakter wypowiedzi w dramatach Olega Bogajewa
Authors: Juchniewicz Agnieszka
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is, first of all, to discuss the linguistic sphere in Oleg Bogayev’s comedy works. We would like to pay special attention to the way the characters express themselves. The way Bogayev’s characters create reality is deeply rooted in the spirit of postmodernism, which is reflected primarily in the playwright’s bold experimentation with words, especially in the area of constructed replicas. Language saturated with humour and comical elements can be found in the plays Maria’s field (2004) and Notes of a prosecutor in love (2019). In each of these works, the mode of expression is shaped slightly differently, primarily because of the relationship between the word and the reality presented. They have been constructed according to different genre patterns. The comical and humorous character is most clearly manifested in the former at the linguistic level, while in the latter it is conditioned by the situation. On the one hand, there is humour in Bogayev’s works that can be described as good-natured and comical, directed at human existence and social problems, both as perceived by the author and the characters. On the other hand, there is satirical humour that destabilises the image of the presented world, shattering stereotypes and fixed beliefs. Humour often lurks the tragedy and absurdity of the human world, with all its weaknesses and problems.
„Русский” юмор в контексте направлений юмористической коммуникации: причины гелотофобии как социального явления
Authors: Troitskiy Sergey
Published: June 2022

The article is an attempt to answer the question whether there is a cultural specificity of humour not in form and content, but in the context of pragmatics. Discussing humour from the point of view of its orientation to the addressee, we can distinguish three main options described by the Russian philosopher V. S. Solovyov in connection with humour, these are relations to the highest, to the equal, and to the lowest. Considering that such a simplified scheme exhausts all possible vectors of constructing a message according to the method of interpretation of the addressee (as higher, as lower, as equal), such a seemingly simple classification, however, determines not only the narrative position, but also the content and form of the message, as well as sets other restrictions. The scheme of relations (vectors) rooted in culture and reproduced by it determines not only how a humorous message is constructed, but also in many respects the readiness of the addressee for an adequate reaction in the form of laughter, and whether the author of the humorous message expects this reaction. Thus, one of the tasks of the article is an attempt to explain the specifics of the (unsuccessful) humorous interaction between the carriers of subjects and objects of power. Russian culture is the focus of the article, which is based on Russian sources.
Sociotechnical imaginaries shaping China’s emerging social credit system
Authors: Bloch Marylaure
Published: June 2022

Is the convergence of new technologies and an authoritarian state bound to create an all-encompassing surveillance system? Is this happening in China with the Social Credit System (shehui xinyong tixi, abb. SCS)? Grounded in the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS), this article aims to describe the nature of the project by focusing on its inception and retracing how the initial visions materialized into the system that is now in place. It will do so by seeking to identify the sociotechnical imaginaries rooted in the SCS with the premise that these imaginaries, in particular the ones proposed by authoritative actors, shape the development trajectory of the SCS. Next, it asks whether the dominant sociotechnical imaginaries are control and power legitimation. By touching upon the role of officials, academics, private companies, and citizens in negotiating what is practicable and what is desirable, this article argues that the SCS does not follow a determined trajectory toward technologically enabled dictatorship. It is the result of a process that Sheila Jasanoff has described as co-production, as the various actors embed their values into the project by imagining, engineering, using or even rejecting elements of the SCS. This article finds that before even knowing all the possibilities offered by new technologies, a certain future was envisioned and shared. Rather than the need for control and surveillance, actors emphasized the importance of trustworthiness, the advancement of a post-industrial society, quality of life, and a sense of community. In a certain way, technology was expected to offer a solution to most, if not all social problems. The room left for experimentation supports the argument that sociotechnical imaginaries have the potential to impact the development trajectory of the SCS project. The article concludes that, after more than 20 years since its inception, the SCS is still a policy under construction, whose interpretation and use is yet to be stabilized.
Effect of trace Sc and Zr on microstructure and properties of as-cast 5182 aluminum alloy
Authors: Kang Fuwei , Wang Enhao , Tian Chun , Jiang Wei , Xu Pei , Lu Jinlong
Published: June 2022

Four groups of 5182, 5182-0.4 % Sc, 5182-0.1 % Sc-0.3 % Zr and 5182-0.3 % Sc-0.1 % Zr (wt.%) aluminium alloys were prepared. The microstructures of these alloys were examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the addition of Sc leads to the effect of grain refinement, and adding both Sc and Zr makes this phenomenon even more obvious. The morphology and distribution of the second phase changed. The addition of Sc makes the tensile strength increase and the elongation decrease. Adding both Sc and Zr significantly improves the mechanical properties of the alloy. The tensile strength of 5182-0.3 % Sc-0.1 % Zr alloy reaches a maximum value of 223 MPa, and the Brinell hardness of the alloy reaches a maximum value of 88.7 HBW.
Computer assisted skull base surgery: a contemporary review
Authors: Bartella Alexander K. , Hoshal Steven G. , Lethaus Bernd , Strong E. Bradley
Published: June 2022

Skull base surgery has evolved significantly since Harvey Cushing‘s first descriptions in the early 1900s. Computer aided surgery (CAS) applications continue to expand; they include virtual surgical planning, augmented and virtual reality, 3D printing of models/cutting guides/implants, surgical navigation, and intraoperative imaging. The authors will review the current skull base CAS literature and propose a computer aided surgical workflow categorizing these applications into 3 phases: 1) Virtual planning, 2) Surgical execution, 3) Intraoperative verification.
Relationship between Human Capital, Innovation Capability and Employee Job Performance in Academic Libraries in Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe
Authors: Chiganze Tinotenda , Sağsan Mustafa
Published: June 2022

Human capital is considered crucial for the sustainability and success of libraries in this era of globalization. The presented study investigated the effect of human capital on innovation capability and employee job performance in academic libraries. Further, it also explored the effect of innovation capability on employee job performance in academic libraries This study implemented a survey research design. Structured questionnaires were employed to collect the data using the convenience sampling technique. The population of the study included 387 librarians and library assistants from academic libraries in the Southern Africa Region which incorporates three countries, namely Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.23. The results indicated that human capital had a significant and positive effect on innovation capability and employee job performance in academic libraries. Innovation capability also had a significant and positive effect on employee job performance. The major limitation of the study is that it focused only on three Southern African countries, namely Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Additionally, the study only concentrated on academic libraries and excluded the other types of libraries such as public, school, and special libraries. The study illustrates essential implications to library managers on the significance of human capital and, therefore, recommends that library managers should place emphasis on the part which human capital plays and invest in the most viable elements of human capital, which can develop innovation capabilities and, in turn, play a substantial part in boosting employees’ job performance.
User Participation in Archival Knowledge Structures: Archival Description as Domain and Testing Ground
Authors: Wiles Bradley
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a critical analysis of disciplinary discussions on user-generated contributions to institutional archives collections metadata and attempts to assess its impact on professional archivists’ approach to archival description. It frames archival description as a distinct knowledge domain and considers the possibilities, limitations, and contradictions of expanding this key function of archival work beyond the professional purview. It discusses how enhanced user participation might contribute to the knowledge and information infrastructures of archives and what this might suggest for archival description going forward. It identifies various practical, theoretical, and ethical implications for archives emerging from this body of literature, all undergirded by the role of technology in shaping the cultural and historical phenomena that archives seek to capture. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of archives’ renewed place in knowledge building in a digital society and offers suggestions for continued inquiry.
Die unvollendete Annexion
Authors: Loth Wilfried
Published: June 2022

Der Gründung des Saarlands im Dezember 1947 ging ein langwieriger Suchprozess voraus. Wie sollte man Frankreich die Erträge des Kohlereviers an der Saar sichern, ohne erneut Opfer eines Plebiszits der Saar-Bevölkerung zu werden? Die Wirtschaftsabteilung des Pariser Außenministeriums empfahl dazu im Dezember 1944 die Annexion eines erweiterten Saar-Territoriums verbunden mit der Ausweisung der gesamten Bevölkerung. Die Regierung de Gaulle agierte auf dieser Linie, entschied dann aber im Sommer 1945, nur einen Teil der Bevölkerung auszuweisen. Die übrigen Bewohner sollten durch eine „richtig verstandene Assimilationspolitik“ in die französische Nation integriert werden. Erst im Winter 1946/47 führten die Entwicklung des Meinungsbilds an der Saar und die Notwendigkeit, sich gegenüber den westlichen Siegermächten der Unterstützung des sozialistischen Koalitionspartners zu versichern, zur Beschränkung auf den wirtschaftlichen Anschluss.
BM 40757: Marduk’s Arrival at the Akītu Temple on the 8th of Nisannu
Authors: Riva Rocío Da
Published: June 2022

This article offers an edition and an attempt at an interpretation of text BM 40757, which records a ritual related to the New Year Festival (NYF), or Akītu, of Marduk in Babylon. The text contains information on the festival’s structure, setting, and organization. It clarifies aspects related to the arrival of the river procession at the Akītu temple, the participants and deities involved, their spatial and ritual arrangements, the offerings and rites performed, the ceremonial elements involved, and the specific spaces in which the rites were carried out. It also illustrates aspects of urban cultic topography and, more importantly, features of the Akītu temple’s layout.
Victim compensation schemes in India (Gujarat, Delhi, Telangana and Kerala)
Authors: Gupta Priyanshi , Gupta Neeraj Kumar
Published: June 2022

Victim compensation has become a symbolic part of the Indian Criminal Justice System (CJS). With the growth and development of the modern CJS, the States were given the role to provide protection to the people from crimes unlike the ancient and medieval practice. The rights of the victim have been given special recognition by providing them assistance and compensation to make good for the losses incurred due to the commission of the crime. The concept of Victim Compensation Schemes (VCS) for providing compensation to the victims of crime has been accepted widely. India has imbedded it in its CJS under section 357A of the criminal procedure. Under this provision the States are required to frame their own VCS. It is here that the question regarding its effective implementation arises. This paper aims to provide a comparative analysis of the VCS of the States of Gujarat, Delhi, Telangana and Kerala to point out the areas where it is lacking in terms of ambiguity and non-uniformity.
Acesso à justiça: do acesso formal ao acesso à ordem jurídica justa
Authors: SALES J. P. , BENEVIDES Marinina Gruska
Published: June 2022

This article aims to outline the path that led to access to justice from a formal perspective to another based on a fair legal order. Anchored in bibliographical and documental research, the work locates the origin of access to justice in the context of the formation of the liberal State, after the collapse of absolutism, and discusses the contribution of the Florence Project to its expansion. It outlines the evolution in Brazilian legislation, demonstrating how it came to be equated with access to the judiciary, leading to the growth of judicialization. It concludes with the strategy for promoting access to a fair legal order, normatively introduced by the National Policy of adequate conflict management, established by the National Council of Justice. By this means, the article highlights the importance of the effective implementation of the aforementioned policy, given that it will provide conflict with solutions marked by their effectiveness, suitability, and timeliness.
Violência policial, tortura e maus tratos: audiências de custódia e Política Criminal de Hiperencarceramento
Authors: MORAIS L. C. A. , OLIVEIRA I.F.
Published: June 2022

Custody hearings are defined by the Brazilian National Council of Justice’s resolution no. 212/2015 as a guarantee determining that all individuals arrested in flagrante delicto must be presented to the legal authorities within 24 hours for a hearing outlining the circumstances in which their arrest took place, in order to assess the legality, regularity, and need for the act, as well as to identify possible situations of torture or violence during the arrest. In other words, this aims to guarantee that the individual’s procedural rights will be upheld, based on the perspective of a clash both with Brazil’s rocketing rate of imprisonment and the practices of police torture and violence which may occur during an arrest, aiming to provide a minimum defense of Human Rights. The present work aims to analyze custody hearings in the metropolitan region of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, problematizing the challenges it faces in terms of criminal policy in Brazil and mass imprisonment, as well as to analyze whether the custody hearings meet their proposed aim, in terms of reducing the practices of police torture, mistreatment, or violence during an arrest.
O trabalho infantil no tráfico de drogas por meninas adolescentes
Authors: CUSTÓDIO André Viana , KERN M. T.
Published: June 2022

The main objective of this article is to study the participation of adolescent girls in the context of child labor in drug trafficking. Its more specific aims involve studying the theoretical intersections between gender and child labor in the context of the full protection of adolescent girls; describing the special legal protection against the exploitation of child labor in drug trafficking; and analyzing the context of child labor by adolescent girls in drug trafficking based on data from socio-educational care. The research poses the following question: how do issues of gender affect the context of child labor in drug trafficking? In answering the question, the work employs the deductive approach and monographic procedure methods alongside techniques derived from bibliographic and documental research. The main results found by the study were the need to produce local diagnoses with a focus on child labor in drug trafficking, as well as to improve the annual surveys carried out by Sinase [the Brazilian National System of Socio-Educational Care].