bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Physical Exercise and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults in China: Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Fubaihui , Gao Changqing , Wang Yantao , Li Zhuo , Zheng Feiran , Luo Yanan
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

The existing literature reveals several significant knowledge gaps that hinder health care providers in formulating exercise prescriptions for cognitive health.

OBJECTIVE

This study endeavors to elucidate the relationship between the level of physical activity and cognitive function in older adults in China. Moreover, it seeks to explore the associations between distinct exercise behaviors—such as exercise types, the purpose motivating engagement in exercise, the accessibility of exercise fields, and the inclination toward exercise—and cognitive function.

METHODS

Using data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS conducted in 2016, cognitive function was meticulously assessed through the modified Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, encompassing measures of orientation, memory, and calculation. Using self-report structured questionnaires, a myriad of information about physical activity during leisure time, exercise engagement, exercise intensity, primary exercise types, reasons for exercise participation, availability of sports facilities, and exercise willingness was diligently gathered. Robust ordinary least squares regression models were then used to compute coefficients along with 95% CIs.

RESULTS

A discernible inverted U-shaped trend in cognitive scores emerged as the level of physical activity surpassed the threshold of 500 metabolic equivalents of task (MET) minutes per week. Notably, individuals with a physical activity level between 500 and 999 MET minutes per week exhibited a coefficient of 0.31 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.54), those with a physical activity level between 1000 and 1499 MET minutes per week displayed a coefficient of 0.75 (95% CI 0.52 to 0.97), and those with a physical activity level above 1500 MET minutes per week demonstrated a coefficient of 0.45 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.68). Older individuals engaging in exercise at specific MET levels showcased superior cognitive function compared to their inactive counterparts. Furthermore, individuals driven by exercise motivations aimed at enhancing physical fitness and health, as well as those using sports facilities or public spaces for exercise, exhibited notably higher cognitive function scores.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings underscore the potential of exercise as a targeted intervention for the prevention and treatment of dementia or cognitive decline associated with aging in older individuals. Leveraging these insights to formulate informed exercise recommendations holds promise in addressing a significant public health challenge linked to aging populations.
Effectiveness of a Mental Health Chatbot for People With Chronic Diseases: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: MacNeill A Luke , Doucet Shelley , Luke Alison
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

People with chronic diseases tend to experience more mental health issues than their peers without these health conditions. Mental health chatbots offer a potential source of mental health support for people with chronic diseases.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine whether a mental health chatbot can improve mental health in people with chronic diseases. We focused on 2 chronic diseases in particular: arthritis and diabetes.

METHODS

Individuals with arthritis or diabetes were recruited using various web-based methods. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. Those in the treatment group used a mental health chatbot app (Wysa [Wysa Inc]) over a period of 4 weeks. Those in the control group received no intervention. Participants completed measures of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire–9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale–7), and stress (Perceived Stress Scale–10) at baseline, with follow-up testing 2 and 4 weeks later. Participants in the treatment group completed feedback questions on their experiences with the app at the final assessment point.

RESULTS

A total of 68 participants (n=47, 69% women; mean age 42.87, SD 11.27 years) were included in the analysis. Participants were divided evenly between the treatment and control groups. Those in the treatment group reported decreases in depression (P<.001) and anxiety (P<.001) severity over the study period. No such changes were found among participants in the control group. No changes in stress were reported by participants in either group. Participants with arthritis reported higher levels of depression (P=.004) and anxiety (P=.004) severity than participants with diabetes over the course of the study, as well as higher levels of stress (P=.01); otherwise, patterns of results were similar across these health conditions. In response to the feedback questions, participants in the treatment group said that they liked many of the functions and features of the app, the general design of the app, and the user experience. They also disliked some aspects of the app, with most of these reports focusing on the chatbot’s conversational abilities.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study suggest that mental health chatbots can be an effective source of mental health support for people with chronic diseases such as arthritis and diabetes. Although cost-effective and accessible, these programs have limitations and may not be well suited for all individuals.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04620668; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04620668
Model Perilaku Pencegahan Virus Covid-19 Berdasarkan Kepercayaan Kepada Sains Dengan Mediasi Komitmen Dan Berbagi Informasi
Authors: Minza Wenty Marina , Faturochman Faturochman
Published: May 2024

Perilaku pencegahan penularan virus COVID-19 selama masa pandemi pada tingkat individu seperti yang dihimbau oleh pemerintah sering tidak dijalankan. Ketidakpercayaan kepada sains merupakan salah satu basis masalah pengabaian pencegahan tersebut. Pada sisi lain, mereka yang aktif melakukan pencegahan memiliki komitmen yang besar agar virus tidak menular. Komitmen tersebut lebih efektif ketika diikuti dengan berbagi informasi terkait dengan perkembangan virus dan pencegahannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji model perilaku pencegahan dengan anteseden kepercayaan kepada sains serta komitmen dan berbagi informasi sebagai mediatornya. Uji model dilakukan pada data empat variabel tersebut, yang dikumpulkan melalui survei online dengan 544 responden melalui pemodelan persamaan struktural. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tujuan tersebut tercapai yang ditunjukkan oleh kecocokan model teoritis dengan data yang didukung oleh parameter yang kuat. Artinya, kepercayaan kepada sains merupakan basis dari upaya pencegahan COVID-19, tetapi efeknya melalui komitmen pencegahan yang diperkuat dengan berbagi informasi. Implikasi penting dari hasil tersebut adalah perlunya pemaparan bukti-bukti ilmiah tentang permasalahan baru seperti COVID-19 atau dampak perubahan iklim dengan membagikannya kepada publik untuk menguatkan komitmen pencegahannya.
The Effect of Translators’ Gender on Translation from a Contrastive Linguistic Perspective—Taking two Chinese translations of The Bell Jar as Examples
Authors: Yang Xi
Published: May 2024

Based on two self-constructed translation corpora, this paper carries out a comparative analysis of two translations by Yang and Zhu of The Bell Jar, examining the translation styles of the two translators in terms of the standardized type/token ratio, lexical density, high-frequency words, individual words, and the degree of hypotaxis. It also tries to analyze the differences based on different genders of the translators and differences in the translators' awareness of feminism. By the corpus analysis, this article finds that the lexical richness, lexical density and syntactic explicitness of female translators' translations are higher than those of male translators. Also, the differences in feminist interpretations in translators also have an impact on the translators' translation style.
Translation between China and Europe in the Long Eighteenth Century
Authors: Wu Min
Published: May 2024

This paper is a brief review of the translation works between China and Europe in the long eighteenth century. The translations of Western texts into Chinese in the period can be roughly divided into three categories: religious texts, scientific works and popular literary writings. The latter two categories usually served missionary purposes and to some degree were regarded as an extension and by-product of missionary endeavours. Additionally, the translation of Chinese novels into English in the period provides a lens through which we can explore the nature of European–Chinese transcultural exchange in the globalised era. In the long eighteenth century when the missionaries began to translate Chinese literary works into English, reading tastes in England were already broadened, reaching out to the European continent, to the Turkish and Arabian East and to America, if not fully “globalized”. The translation and change of the text in this process can tell us how the Chinese fiction is (mis)understood, translated, revised and received in England and Europe, and the transcultural exchanges that it signifies between China and England or Europe in the long eighteenth century.
Scope Determination of Economic Criminal Law under the Field of Economic Law
Authors: Chen Zheng
Published: May 2024

Economic criminal law, as a cross-sectoral field of law, is preceded by sectoral laws including economic law, civil law and administrative law. The essence of economic criminal law is different from the personal legal interests protected by criminal law, and focuses on the protection of supra-personal legal interests. The legislative content of economic criminal law mainly includes three aspects, i.e., criminal law concerning economic management, criminal law concerning economic regulation, and criminal law concerning the protection of market transactions.
Las sorpresas en las obras de Fabergé
Authors: Fortoul Teresa I.
Published: May 2024

The precious imperial eggs and other Fabergé objects, created for Tsars Alexander III and Nicholas II, are true treasures of the world's craftsmanship and artistic craftsmanship. Peter Carl Fabergé was in charge of the conception and creation of the most enigmatic and extravagant gifts of the Russian imperial family. Interestingly, his extraordinary pieces mark the twilight of luxurious imperial Russia, the romanticism of a remote era, and the tragic end of the Romanov family.
Microbial and Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals from Aquatic Ecosystem: An Initiative for Sustainable Environment
Authors: Yadav Nilesh , Dabas Vanshika , Sharma Jai Gopal
Published: May 2024

The amount of anthropogenic activity in the environment has significantly increased due to urbanization and industrialization. Toxic metals and other contaminants have become more concentrated as a result, appearing in wastewater released by many sectors. Aquatic animals suffer as a result of tainted wastewater entering water bodies. As a result, damage also occurs in the crops contaminating the agricultural ecology. Although several techniques have been used to detoxify contaminants in wastewater, the current situation necessitates environmentally acceptable and economically viable techniques for wastewater treatment. To fulfill this objective, this review is aimed at exploring the major sources of metals in wastewater. The traditional techniques for treating wastewater take a lot of time and are not environmentally or financially sustainable. Utilizing microorganisms, plants, and biomass leftovers to break down metal poisons is a proven biotechnology strategy that is environmentally friendly. Hence, the review highlights the drawbacks of conventional techniques with importance of bioremediation for sustainable ecosystem. Also, phytoremediation—the process of removing metals from the environment using plants is discussed as a successful strategy. Plants are thought to be the most effective option for wastewater remediation because they contain a variety of microorganisms and enzymes that aid in the detoxification of metals from wastewater. Overall, to gain a better understanding of environmentally friendly and sustainable ways, the buildup and detoxification of metals through the use of plants, microorganisms, and biomass residues in environmental remediation is highlighted.
Cytokine levels in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Patients with Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) in Northern Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Sagar K.V.S.B. Vidya , Jyotsna P. Sarat , Sethumadhavan K. , Bandaru Narasinga Rao
Published: May 2024

Diabetes is a systemic inflammatory condition. The modulation of cytokine levels caused by Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) infection can lead to altered inflammatory status in various tissues and may affect their homeostasis and function. We aim to estimate the cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10) levels in serum of diabetic individuals with and without ASB to study their clinical significance. The current study evaluates the role of cytokines in inflammation caused due to ASB in T2DM patients. Increase in IL-6 and TNF-α levels may indicate renal tissue damage caused due to inflammation by ASB. Whereas increased IL-10 levels is a possible indicator of persistent infection with bacteria which may lead to diabetic renal disease.
Philosophical Meaning of Traditional Wedding Rituals of the Singkil Tribe
Authors: Rizki Annisa , Aslam Nur Aslam Nur , Munawiah
Published: May 2024

This article aims to describe the philosophical meaning of the traditional weddings of the Singkil Tribe based on data from Lae Butar Village, Gunung Meriah District, Aceh Singkil Regency. This research uses descriptive methods with data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. In the process of presenting data, researchers use data analysis techniques that describe, interpret and validate. The results of the research show that wedding customs are still implemented and maintained by the people in Lae Butar Village to this day. Meanwhile, the traditional wedding procession of the Singkil Tribe in Lae Butar Village is, first, mekhisik, tandek sintua, mebagah, khapat famili, umba-umba and gaba-gaba. The second day, namely, marriage contract, mangan mido tawar, slaughtering animals, religious lectures, hine tetuhu.  The third day involve dalalel khairat, tepung tawakh, and hine menangko. On the last day is mangan mekhadat, temetok and pengakhak Mangan mido tawar has a philosophical meaning, which means that those holding a wedding will receive blessings and avoid undesirable things. Tepung tawar means, so that the bride and groom get blessings from the procession. The Singkil Tribe wedding procession in Lae Butar Village combines marriage and custom directly on the same day.
Miradas a la España de la Restauración desde la caricatura política, la iconografía y la prensa (1875-1923) (T. II)
Authors: Suárez Cortina Manuel , Laguna Platero Antonio , Martínez Gallego Francesc-Andreu , Gutiérrez Jiménez María Eugenia , Agudín Menéndez José Luis , Delgado Idarreta José Miguel , Barrio Alonso Ángeles , Chacón Delgado Pedro José , Mornat Isabelle , Fernández Torres Luis , Movellán Haro Jesús , Higueras Castañeda Eduardo , Balado Insunza Francisco M. , Hoyo Aparicio Andrés , Irisarri Gutiérrez Raquel , Sánchez Collantes Sergio , Viana Ruiz de Aguire Luis Ignacio , Villatoro Sánchez Francisco de Paula , Fuentes Juan Francisco , Campos Pérez Lara , Viguera Ruiz Rebeca , Fernández Sebastián Javier , Capellán de Miguel Gonzalo
Published: May 2024

Este libro constituye la segunda entrega de una genuina y exclusiva historia contemporánea de España relatada desde la caricatura política. Sus variadas contribuciones dan cuenta de lo acaecido en España desde la Restauración de la monarquía en la figura de Alfonso XII, en el ocaso mismo del año 1874, hasta que se produjo el golpe de Estado por parte del General Primo de Rivera en 1923. Un período jalonado por momentos históricos de honda impronta en la sociedad española, como la pérdida de las últimas colonias en 1898, la irrupción de los nacionalismos, o guerras como la de Marruecos que incluyeron episodios tan traumáticos como el desastre de Annual. La obra es una invitación a recorrer la historia desde una perspectiva diferente, donde la imagen y la cultura visual que los medios de comunicación trasladaron al público nos ofrecen otra mirada a la España de la Restauración. Un valor adicional del libro son las más de 300 imágenes originales, incluidos códigos QR, que permiten al lector disfrutar de los múltiples detalles empleados por los dibujantes de las caricaturas para lograr toda una rica narrativa visual que lograba al tiempo llamar la atención y conformar el imaginario de sus contemporáneos.
ObRb, AdipoR1, and CYP19 gene expression showsignificant association with obesity and overweight inhealthy women
Authors: López González Jessica Berenice , Sandoval Cabrera Antonio , Laura Sánchez Hernández  , Morales ávila Enrique , Santillán Benítez Jonnathan Guadalupe
Published: May 2024

Obesity and overweight are diseases characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body and are defined as an increase in Body Mass Index (BMI) with values greater than 25 kg/m2. Multiple causes of these increases in BMI have been reported. Some have been attributed to the expression of several genes involved in the leptin and adiponectin pathway as well as postmenopausal stage in women.
In this research, we focused on evaluating whether the expression of ObRb, AdipoR1, and CYP19 genes have any association with the increase in BMI in the female population of Mexico City over 55 years of age. For this, we worked with a group of 45 women volunteers without the diagnosis of any confirmed pathology. The study population was classified into three groups (average weight, overweight and obese) according to their BMI and was characterized according to their clinical data of blood cytometry and blood chemistry. At the same time, RT-PCR determined ObRb, Adi-poR1, and CYP19 gene expression.
Obtained results showed a moderate correlation (r=0.648, p=0.043) of ObRb gene expression in women with obesity and a moderate negative correlation (r= -0.389, p=0.034) AdipoR1 gene in women with overweight or obesity.
Based on BMI data, more than 70 % of the study population was overweight and obese.Also, it was found that 64 % of the study population exceeded 150 mg/dL of triglycerides which is the normal healthy range.
The role of developing countries in the global fashion industry sustainability discourse: Ghana in perspective - A narrative review
Authors: Amankwah Akosua Mawuse , Appiah Edward , Frimpong Charles , Kent Anthony
Published: May 2024

Fashion Industry practices globally are considered to have major negative impacts on both the environment and society. Production and consumption have increasingly moved towards the industry’s model of take-create-dispose. As this phenomenon is observed to take center stage in more industrialized and advanced nations, developing countries including Ghana, also contribute directly or indirectly to the negative impacts. Fashion production in Ghana is predominantly centered on small to medium-scale enterprises, and their mode of operation allows for customized small runs tailored to specific end-customers, thereby providing an avenue for exploring sustainable strategies that may have a positive impact on the environment and society.  This paper takes a narrative review approach to how the fashion industry in Ghana impacts sustainability and the opportunities to make positive impacts on sustainability at a global level. It demonstrates how Ghana, as a developing country, imports raw materials for both textile and apparel production from counterparts in developing and developed countries and contributes to negative environmental impacts associated with sourcing countries. However, with the emergence of sustainable strategies, local contemporary fashion designers can embrace culturally friendly sustainable models to enhance their practice toward industry sustainability.
Techno-economic needs assessment for a sustainable novel solar panel production system
Authors: Ohwofadjeke Paul Ogheneochuko
Published: May 2024

Techno-economic needs assessment for an automated solar panel production system is presented. Solar energy, a rapidly growing renewable energy source, has the potential to meet a significant portion of the world's energy needs. Solar panels, the key component of solar energy systems, there are produced in a major industry. Automated solar panel production systems offer the potential to increase production efficiency and reduce costs. The study outlines key factors necessary for successful establishment and operation of an automated solar panel production factory, including market analysis, financial projections, operational strategies, and sustainability initiatives. The market analysis through examination global trends in the solar energy market, identifying growth trends, potential competitors, and target customer segments. The study used a five-step methodology to assess needs, identifying major requirement such as the application of high-speed and precision manufacturing equipment, investment in reliable and efficient manufacturing processes, and development of cost-effective manufacturing methods. The study’s results highlight several key economic benefits of automated solar panel production, including increased production efficiency, reduced labor costs, and improved product quality. The findings are valuable to various stakeholders, including government officials, business leaders, and community members, informing decisions regarding solar industry development and new manufacturing facilities in specific regions. The paper recommends the use of eco-friendly manufacturing processes, utilization of recyclable materials, and adoption of energy-efficient automated technologies to minimize the carbon footprint of solar panel production.
Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Relationship for Temsavir Following Fostemsavir Administration in Treatment Experienced HIV Patients
Authors: Parasrampuria Ridhi , Thakkar Nilay , Moore Katy , Ackerman Peter , Magee Mindy
Published: May 2024

Aim: Fostemsavir (FTR), an extended-release prodrug of temsavir (TMR),
is a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) attachment inhibitor
approved for the treatment of multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection in
heavily treatment-experienced (HTE) patients failing current
antiretroviral treatment. A population PK and exposure-response analysis
was performed to assess the influence of intrinsic/extrinsic factors and
support regulatory approval of 600 mg BID fostemsavir regimen. Methods:
Analysis was conducted using TMR data from seven clinical studies
(Phases 1-3). Models were assessed using standard goodness of fit and
parameter precision (root mean square error (%RSE)). Model-estimated
exposure metrics were used to assess TMR PK- efficacy and safety
exposure response relationships. Results: TMR PK was adequately
described using a two-compartment model with zero and first-order
absorption and first-order elimination. Clearance, volume and absorption
parameters were precisely estimated (CL/F 51.0 L/hr (2.1% RSE), V2/F
257 1/hr (3.18 %RSE), Ka 2.33 1/hr (13.3 %RSE)). Concomitant CYP3A
inducers and inhibitors were covariates on CL/F, and body weight was a
covariate on CL/F, V2/F, Q/F, and V3/F. An Emax model described the
trough TMR concentration (Ctau) - day 8 plasma HIV-1 RNA relationship
(Emax 1.00 log10 c/mL (17.1 %RSE), EC50 64.3 ng/mL (98% RSE)). No
exposure-safety relationships were evident. Simulation showed virologic
response was achieved irrespective of coadministration with moderate
CYP3A inducers, strong CYP3A inhibitors, changes in prandial status, or
body weight. Conclusion: Results support administration of FTR 600 mg
BID to decrease virologic load in HIV-1 HTE patients, with no dose
adjustments necessary for intrinsic or extrinsic factors.
Enhancing Export Delivery Performance: Strategic Interventions for Overcoming Late Deliveries in Malaysia’s Food Trading Company
Authors: Soon Chin Pau , Anis Azilah , Muhamad Mira Qerul Barriah
Published: May 2024

The present study focuses on a prominent food trading company in Malaysia, which boasts a strong market presence and a commitment to quality in diverse Southeast Asian markets.  Despite its strong market presence, the food trading company struggles with significant delays in delivering its export items, adversely impacting customer satisfaction and competitive advantage. The identified delivery performance discrepancies in certain Southeast Asian countries highlight a critical area for investigation.  Thus, this study aims to identify the underlying causes of these late deliveries and propose strategic solutions to enhance delivery efficiency. Employing a qualitative case study methodology, the investigation involves semi-structured interviews with ten experienced company employees selected through a purposive sampling technique.  The analysis followed a rigorous qualitative data analysis procedure, including data reduction, data display, drawing, and verifying conclusions.  The findings reveal four primary causes of late delivery: 1) INACCURATE INFORMATION, 2) INEFFICIENT PRODUCTION PROCESS, 3) TRANSPORTATION SCHEDULING, and 4) LIMITATION OF THE SYSTEM. To address the causes, the study recommends INTEGRATING SYSTEM INFORMATION to resolve the issues of INACCURATE INFORMATION and LIMITATION OF THE SYSTEM, alongside RESOURCING ALTERNATIVE SHIPPING AGENTS as a strategic approach to overcome INEFFICIENT PRODUCTION PROCESS and TRANSPORTATION SCHEDULLING.   The findings advocate that the top management of the food trading company to embrace system integration and establish partnerships with reliable transportation agencies to address immediate late delivery concerns.   Implementing these strategies will not only address issues of late deliveries but also enhance its export delivery performance, ensure customer satisfaction, and maintain its international market leadership.
CoDuBoTeSS: A Pilot Study to Eradicate Counterfeit Drugs via a Blockchain Tracer Support System on the Nigerian Frontier
Authors:   Dept of Computer Science, Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun, Nigeria, Ifioko,  A.M.  , Yoro, R.E  , Okpor, M.D.  , Brizimor, S.  , Obasuyi, D.  , Emordi, F.U  , Odiakaose, C.C  , Ojugo, A.A  , Atuduhor, R  , Abere, R.A.  , Ejeh, P.O.  , Ako, R.E.  , Geteloma, V.O.
Published: May 2024

The pharma-sector has maintained improved productivity and profitability via a concerted effort to address critical issues such as an unorganized regulatory system, lack of safety data, no standards in manufacture process, non-adaptation to pharma-chain, and no-harmony of inventory supports. Study proposes blockchain trace-support to ensure drugs quality, consumer safety, and its trading as asset. It uses a radio-frequency identification sensor to register manufacture and administration process, and provide a databank to trace drug records. Results notes: (a) presents a roadmap for adoption by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) to ensure a traceable pharmaceutical blockchain, (b) show ensemble is scalable for up-to 7500users to yield a performance of 1138-transactions per seconds with response time of 88secs for page retrieval and 128secs for queries respectively, and (c) yields slightly longer time for increased number of users via its world-state as stored in the permissionless blockchain hyper-fabric ledger. Thus, the framework can directly query and retrieve data without it traversing the whole ledger. This, in turn, improves the efficiency and effectiveness of the traceability system. Keywords: Blockchain, Counterfeit drugs, Healthcare, Nigeria, CORDA, hyper-ledger fabric, HIPPA Journal Reference Format: Ifioko, A.M., Yoro, R.E., Okpor, M.D., Brizimor, S.E, Obasuyi, D., Emordi, F.U., Odiakaose, C.C., Ojugo, A.A., Atuduhor, R.R, Abere, R.A., Ejeh, P.O., Ako, R.E. & Geteloma, V.O. (2024): CoDuBoTeSS: A Pilot Study to Eradicate Counterfeit Drugs via a Blockchain Tracer Support System on the Nigerian Frontier. Journal of Behavioural Informatics, Digital Humanities and Development Rese Vol. 10 No. 2. Pp 53-74 https://www.isteams.net/behavioralinformaticsjournal dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/BHI/V10N2P6
On the generalized abs index of graphs
Authors: Jahanbani Akbar , Redzepovic Izudin
Published: May 2024

The atom-bond sum-connectivity (ABS) index is a recently introduced variant
of three earlier much-studied graph-based molecular descriptors: Randic,
atom-bond connectivity, and sum-connectivity indices. The general atom-bond
sum-connectivity index is defined as ABS?(G)=?uv?E(G) (u+dv?2/du+dv)?, where ? is a real number. In this paper, we present some upper and lower
bounds on the general atom-bond sum-connectivity index in terms of graph
parameters and other graph indices.
Existence of solutions for infinite system of nonlinear q-fractional boundary value problem in Banach spaces
Authors: Mohiuddine S.A. , Das Anupam , Alotaibi Abdullah
Published: May 2024

Studying various fixed point theorems on Banach spaces such as the Darbo?s
fixed point theorem, has recently proved to be quite effective while doing
research on existence problems. We here use a contraction operator to
demonstrate a modified Darbo-type fixed point result with the intention to
study the existence of solutions of infinite system of nonlinear
q-fractional boundary value problem in the Banach spaces. Towards the end,
reasonable example is presented to validate our findings.
Pollution indices as useful tools for comprehensive evaluation of the soil contamination degree in the vicinity of mining and metallurgical complexes
Authors: Kalinovic Jelena , Serbula Snezana , Kalinovic Tanja , Radojevic Ana , Jordanovic Jelena
Published: May 2024

Soil pollution levels in the copper mining and metallurgical area were evaluated at 14 sampling sites in the City of Bor and its surroundings in regard to Al, As, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn contents, as well as single and integrated pollution indices. The significance of single pollution indices provides information about pollution by a specific element, while integrated pollution indices offer an insight into cumulative pollution by the examined elements. The mean soil concentrations of As, Cu, Pb and Zn were several times higher than the world average values. The exceedances of soil remediation values were most pronounced for As (at seven sites) and Cu (at eleven sites), more than 3 and 13 times, respectively. According to the geoaccumulation index, the enrichment factor and the contamination factor, the highest soil contamination was with As and Cu, especially at the urban-industrial site. Pollution load index, Nemerow pollution index and the improved Nemerow index confirmed that the most contaminated soils were from the sites in the vicinity of the metallurgical complex and flotation tailing ponds, as well as from the sites in the prevailing wind directions compared to the less polluted soils affected by the ore mining processes. The areas affected by the serious cumulative contamination from the pyrometallurgical copper production need continuous pollution prevention, monitoring and remediation measures.
Failing with Flying Colors: The Saga That Led to a Disclaimer of Opinion on the Department of Defense’s First Full-Scope Audit
Authors: Tribou Kimberly J. , Badua Frank
Published: May 2024

Using primary sources composed of U.S. federal legislation and federal agency audit reports, this paper documents and analyzes events in the nearly two-and-a-half-century-long process leading up to the disclaimer of opinion on the first full-scope audit of the Department of Defense (DOD) consolidated financial statements in 2018. It also applies theoretical lenses from political science, namely governmentality and public accountability, to characterize the development of these events and their ultimate aftermath, including results of subsequent DOD audits up to the most recently completed one (FY 2023). Thus, the paper extends into the present century the historiography of accounting and auditing over military endeavors in the U.S., which stretches back to the period just before the American Civil War, and analyzes its accounting and societal significance, thereby responding to a lacuna in the literature identified in earlier research and contributing to the discussion on accountability and good government.
Biotransformation of butyltin compounds and microbiome diversity in the bottom sediments of the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea
Authors: Кузикова И.Л. , Жаковская З.А. , Медведева Н.Г.
Published: May 2024

Загрязнение морской среды оловоорганическими соединениями представляет се- рьезную экологическую проблему ввиду их чрезвычайной токсичности для широкого круга орга- низмов. В донных осадках Копорской губы Финского залива выявлен высокий уровень загрязнения соединениями бутилолова. Концентрация трибутилолова и дибутилолова составила 35.7 нг(Sn)/г а.с.о. и 9.7 нг(Sn)/г а.с.о. соответственно. Установлено, что трансформация соединений бутило- лова в донных осадках происходит за счет автохтонной микробиоты осадков. Скорость убыли трибутилолова и дибутилолова составила 0.014 сут-1 и 0.022 сут-1, а периоды их полураспада 49.5 и 31.5 суток соответственно. Метагеномный анализ выявил изменения в таксономическом соста- ве и уменьшение видового разнообразия микробиомов донных осадков в процессе трансфор- мации оловоорганических соединений. В ходе биодеградации соединений бутилолова в донных осадках возрастает численность бактерий родов Acidithiobacillus, Halothiobacillus, Alicyclobacillus, Sulfurospirillum, Denitrovibrio, а также метаногенные археи рода Methanolobus, что может свиде- тельствовать об их потенциальном участии в биодеградации оловоорганических соединений. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для выявления видов-активных деструкторов трибутилолова с целью разработки научно-обоснованных методов деконтаминации донных осад- ков, загрязненных оловоорганическими соединениями.

Pollution of the marine environment with organotin compounds is a serious environmental problem due to their extreme toxicity to a wide range of organisms. A high level of contamination with butytin compounds was detected in the bottom sediments of the Koporye Bay, the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea. The concentration of tributyltin and dibutyltin reached up to 35.7 ng(Sn)/g DW and 9.7 ng(Sn)/g DW, respectively. The butyltin compounds transformed in bottom sediments due to the activity of autochthonous sediment microbiota. The degradation rate of tributyltin and dibutyltin was 0.014 day-1 and 0.022 day-1, their half-life, 49.5 and 31.5 days, respectively. Metagenomic analysis revealed the changes in taxonomic composition and the decrease in species diversity of the bottom sediment microbiomes during the transformation of organotin compounds. During the biodegradation of butyltin compounds in bottom sediments, the abundance of bacteria of the genera Acidithiobacillus, Halothiobacillus, Alicyclobacillus, Sulfurospirillum, Denitrovibrio, as well as of methanogenic archaea of the genus Methanolobus increases, which may indicate their potential participation in the biodegradation of organotin compounds. These results may be used to identify active tributyltin degraders for developing self-purification methods of bottom sediments contaminated with organotin compounds.
Law Enforcement of Control and Supervisory Activities in the Uniform Framework of Land and Property Relations Regulation
Authors: Tikhonova Ksenia V. , Ermashov Nikita E.
Published: May 2024

The article studies the powers of the control and supervisory authorities in the frame of regulating the land and property relations. The research is relevant due to the fact that despite considerable elaboration of the control and supervisory activities within the land law, there still exists a problem of juridical and technical enforcement in detecting the violations. Thus, the possibility to partly au-thorise the cadastral engineers the right to detect such violations while performing the cadastral works and updating the information about the real estate objects is investigated.
Analysis of Receivables Turnover at PT. Primarindo Asia Infrastructure Tbk Bandung 2019-2021 Period
Authors: Adinda Luthfiana , Nurhayati
Published: May 2024

PT Primarindo Asia Infrastructure Tbk Bandung, a company specializing in the production and marketing of sports/casual footwear, has faced fluctuations in receivables and an annual increase in provisions for the impairment of receivables during the period 2019-2020. This indicates challenges in receivables management and an escalation of the risk of payment failure by debtors. The objective of this research is to analyze receivables turnover and identify obstacles as well as efforts made by PT Primarindo Asia Infrastructure Tbk Bandung in addressing receivables turnover issues. This research utilizes a descriptive quantitative approach to analyze data by illustrating situations using numerical figures, which are subsequently analyzed to present research findings in the form of a research report. Data collection methods involve non-participant observation and interviews. Data analysis techniques use receivables turnover ratios and average collection periods, applying evaluation standards based on Kasmir's theory. Based on the research findings, it is revealed that receivables turnover from 2019 to 2021 is below the evaluation standard set by Kasmir's theory, stating that the ideal receivables turnover is around 15 times.
Comparative Analysis of AES, Blowfish, Twofish, Salsa20, and ChaCha20 for Image Encryption
Authors: Muhammed Rebwar Khalid , Aziz Ribwar Rashid , Hassan Alla Ahmad , Aladdin Aso Mohammed , Saydah Shaida Jumaah , Rashid Tarik Ahmed , Hassan Bryar Ahmad
Published: May 2024

Nowadays, cybersecurity has grown into a more significant and difficult sci-entific issue. The recognition of threats and attacks meant for knowledge and safety on the internet is growing harder to detect. Since cybersecurity guar-antees the privacy and security of data sent via the Internet, it is essential, while also providing protection against malicious attacks. Encrypt has grown into an answer that has become an essential element of information security systems. To ensure the security of shared data, including text, images, or videos, it is essential to employ various methods and strategies. This study delves into the prevalent cryptographic methods and algorithms utilized for prevention and stream encryption, examining their encoding techniques such as advanced encryption standard (AES), Blowfish, Twofish, Salsa20, and ChaCha20. The primary objective of this research is to identify the optimal times and throughputs (speeds) for data encryption and decryption processes. The methodology of this study involved selecting five distinct types of images to compare the outcomes of the techniques evaluated in this research. The as-sessment focused on processing time and speed parameters, examining visual encoding and decoding using Java as the primary platform. A comparative analysis of several symmetric key ciphers was performed, focusing on handling large datasets. Despite this limitation, comparing different images helped evaluate the techniques' novelty. The results showed that ChaCha20 had the best average time for both encryption and decryption, being over 50% faster than some other algorithms. However, the Twofish algorithm had lower throughput during testing. The paper concludes with findings and suggestions for future improvements.
SUSTAINING ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION WITH ENTREPRENEURIAL LEARNING, ENTREPRENEURIAL KNOWLEDGE, HUMAN CAPITAL
Authors: Kusumawijaya Ida Ketut , Astuti Partiwi Dwi
Published: May 2024

This study examines the effect of entrepreneurial learning on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial knowledge and human capital during the COVID-19 pandemic. The population of this study were 7,246 students majoring in business from Bali's universities. The sample size was 379 with the Slovin method. The link to the online survey was sent to respondents via email. Two hundred seventy-nine questionnaires were returned and confirmed valid, with a usable response rate of 73.61%. The results were analyzed using WarpPLS 7.0. The study resulted that entrepreneurial learning influenced knowledge, human capital, and intention. Entrepreneurial knowledge did not affect entrepreneurial intention, and human capital affected entrepreneurial intention. This study also found that entrepreneurial knowledge had almost no mediating effect between entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial intention, and human capital succeeded in being a partial mediator on the influence of entrepreneurial learning on entrepreneurial intention. Moreover, this study contributes to the understanding and is useful for scholars, academics, and practitioners in the field of entrepreneurship to create a broader view of the relationship between entrepreneurial learning, entrepreneurial knowledge, human capital, and entrepreneurial intention and mediation mechanism that occurs in the model for the conceptual generalization and entrepreneurial practices purposes.
Obchodné právo I. Všeobecné ustanovenia. Obchodné spoločnosti a družstvo.
Authors: Ďurica Milan , Kubinec Martin , Némethová Monika , Ušiaková Lenka , Kšenzighová Aneta , Dzimko Jakub
Published: May 2024

The textbook presents the main views of legal doctrine, both national and foreign, especially where there is disagreement, with reference to the relevant legislation and literature, enabling those interested to explore the specific issues in more depth. Where national legislation has its origins in European Union law, the textbook always responds to this part of the legislation to the necessary extent. Where we consider it appropriate, we also include the relevant case law to link the subject of commercial law as a positive legal discipline with the practice of application.The textbook is based on the legal status as of March 2024 and therefore responds to all legislative changes concerning commercial law, such as the Law on Conversions of Companies and Co–operatives and others.
Schulenglisch: A multi-dimensional model of the variety of English taught in German secondary schools
Authors: Le Foll Elen
Published: May 2024

English as it is taught in German schools (Schulenglisch) is often perceived to be radically different from natural English, as used outside the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. Previous corpus studies have confirmed that individual lexico-grammatical features are indeed often misrepresented in EFL textbooks used in Germany. This study presents an empirical multi-feature and multi-dimensional (MDA) analysis of the language of three series of EFL textbooks (15 textbook volumes) used at lower secondary school level in Germany, as compared to three target language reference corpora. Principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to identify the defining linguistic characteristics of Schulenglisch along three dimensions of linguistic variation: 1) ‘Written informational vs. Spoken interactional’, 2) ‘Fictional narrative’ and 3) ‘Didactised vs. Real-life English’. The distributions of texts on the first and second dimensions show that Schulenglisch is characterised by an underdifferentiation of register-based variation as compared to ‘real-life’, extra-curricular English. Mixed-effects models show that this finding is consistent across all three textbook series. Intra-textbook variation is mediated – to varying degrees on each of the three dimensions of the model – by text register, the proficiency level targeted by the textbooks, and interactions between these variables. In line with lay beliefs about Schulenglisch, the largest gap between Schulenglisch and extra-curricular English is observed in the conversation register. This gap persists even as textbook proficiency level increases. Compared to transcripts of natural, everyday conversations, Schulenglisch conversation significantly underrepresents key features of spontaneous, interactional spoken English, such as discourse makers, fillers, negation, contracted verbs, demonstratives, and it-pronouns. At the same time, it overrepresents features more typical of written, informative writing such as nouns, prepositions, and high lexical density and diversity. Across all registers, linguistic features that are typical of Schulenglisch, especially at the lower levels of proficiency, include imperatives, can as a modal, politeness markers and question forms.
Competitividad de las empresas del sector de molienda de arroz: estudio empírico
Authors: Sierra Narvaez Francisco Javier , Eslava Zapata Rolando , Omana Guerrero Jesus Alfonso , Cudris Niño Lenny Faubricio
Published: May 2024

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la competitividad de las empresas del sector molinería de arroz. El estudio es de tipo cualitativo, con un diseño descriptivo y de campo. Se seleccionó una muestra de ocho empresas registradas en la Cámara de Comercio de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia. Se llevó a cabo un análisis del entorno para identificar las debilidades, fortalezas, oportunidades y amenazas en los procesos que integran la cadena de valor de Porter.
Los resultados revelan que la mayor oportunidad que se presenta es el comportamiento creciente de la demanda, la cual aún no ha sido cubierta por las empresas que operan en el sector, a pesar de contar con capacidad instalada suficiente para atender este mercado. Por lo tanto, se concluye que el mercado del sector arrocero requiere condiciones de eficiencia y efectividad por parte de las empresas participantes para lograr adecuados niveles de competitividad.
Esta investigación proporciona información valiosa para formular estrategias aplicables en el sector con el fin de aprovechar las ventajas competitivas identificadas.
Las teorías de la agencia y los Stakeholders desde el concepto de creación de valor
Authors: González Monroy Micher Alexander , López Carreño Diana Karina , Pabón León Jhon Antuny
Published: May 2024

Este artículo reflexiona sobre los principales supuestos de la teoría de la agencia y la teoría de las partes interesadas. El punto de partida es la definición sencilla y práctica de los principales conceptos formulados por los autores seminales, su aplicación actual en las organizaciones, los puntos en común entre ambas teorías y la relación con el concepto de creación de valor. El objetivo es explorar las ideas fundamentales y reflexionar sobre la importancia de que las partes implicadas conozcan su fundamento. Por último, se destacan los principales postulados que deja cada teoría y la forma en que, a partir de su conocimiento, pueden ser utilizados en beneficio de todas las partes.
Procesos contables para la pequeña y mediana empresa del sector turismo
Authors: Pantoja Ruano Carlos Andrés , David Guerrero Diego Fernando , Goyes Eraso Sandra Lucía , López Díaz Víctor Hugo
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo pretende reflejar la realidad que vive la empresa tuquerreña inmersa en el sector turismo de acuerdo con los incipientes procesos contables y financieros que aplican hoy en día para registrar las diferentes operaciones económicas.No existe una base de datos que permitan estructurar una radiografía de la situación actual de las empresas que se dedican a la prestación del servicio turístico en el municipio de Túquerres en materia contable y financiera. Se busca identificar los procesos contables que se están aplicando en las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector turismo en el municipio de Túquerres (N). Se aplicó una encuesta a una muestra conformada por 94 personas de la que se obtuvo conocimiento valioso para comprender el fenómeno de estudio. Se identifica ausencia de procesos contables bien definidos que generan ciertas falencias en las finanzas de la empresa turística del municipio de Túquerres. Es necesario que se impriman acciones de mejoramiento y de perfeccionamiento en los procesos contables y financieros de este tipo de organizaciones en aras de potenciar el crecimiento y la sostenibilidad de este sector económico.