bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Widely tunable integrated GaAs and AlGaAs platforms for efficient second-order frequency conversion
Authors: Ulsig Emil , Madsen Magnus , Stanton Eric , Reddy Dileep , Leger Alexandre , Sørensen Simon , Degli-Eredi Iterio , Stevens Martin , Hamel Deny , Shalm Lynden , Mirin Richard , Volet Nicolas
Published: April 2024

Integrated coherent sources in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) are essential for spectroscopy and quantum frequency conversion (QFC) of single photons to enable their use in fiber-based applications. Direct emission in the mid-IR is limited and requires complex fabrication and large power consumption. Here, a mid-IR laser is demonstrated with a continuous tuning range of >80 nm centered around 2360 nm, through difference-frequency generation (DFG). The nonlinear coefficient d₁₄ of gallium arsenide (GaAs) and aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) on insulator is measured for the first time using second-harmonic generation (SHG) in waveguides with various lengths. These platforms are discussed to obtain a high conversion efficiency for tunable single photon emitters using monolithic epitaxial quantum dots and integrated waveguides for QFC.
A Curved Double Slit Producing
One-Curved-Interference-Pattern near Double Slit and Two-Curved-Interference-Patterns of Point-Symmetry near Detector in Same Experiment
Authors: Peng Hui
Published: April 2024

The interference and the diffraction are two basic phenomena in physical optics. It has been shown that: in the experiment of a double slit, the patterns depend on the shape of the double slit, e.g., a non-parallel double slit produces the hybrid pattern, the interference pattern embedded in the diffraction pattern; a curved double slit producing Two-Curved-Interference-Patterns of Point-Symmetry. In this paper, we show for the first time the pattern evolution of a curved double slit experiment: near the curved double slit, the pattern is Pre-Particle pattern (at L = 10 mm), then evolve sequentially to Particle pattern (at L = 60 mm), to Transition pattern-1 (at L = 130 mm), to One-curved-interference-pattern (at L = 200 mm), to Transition pattern-2 (at L = 400 mm), and finally, to Two-curved-interference-pattern (at L = 900 mm) which has the point symmetry.

We interpret One-curved-interference-pattern (at L = 200 mm) in Section 3. It is challenge to interpret Two-curved-interference-pattern (at L = 900 mm) which have the point symmetry, and to interpret pattern evolution.
Family first: Yahritza y Su Esencia, family bands and the musical education of Mexican Americans
Authors: Campbell Patricia Shehan , Mena Christopher R. , Vita Juliana Cantarelli
Published: April 2024

Beginning with a description of música Mexicana’s rising stars, Yahritza y Su Esencia, a ‘family band’ of young Mexican American musicians, we suggest that school music educators become more informed of the musical interests, involvements and learning styles of Mexican American students at home, within their families and in the communities that surround them. Yahritza’s trademark sierreño style is described and contextualized in light of other notable genres such as mariachi, música nortena, son jarocho, banda, grupera and trap corridos. The phenomenon of family bands within Mexican American communities is explored as a means of children’s musical enculturation away from school, juxtaposed with a history of exclusion of Mexican American students from school music opportunities. The article addresses limitations of the American model of school music programmes, including (1) the need for opportunities for Mexican American (and other) populations to access meaningful musical education experiences, and (2) the gap between the music genres offered within the curriculum and those that Mexican American (and other) students experience at home and within their communities. Even as we acknowledge and applaud the presence of family bands and other strong music community music practices among Mexican Americans, we call for a national initiative among music educators to ensure that the music which students learn in school is at least germane to students’ home experiences.
Interpreting Monastic Cartularies in Northwest Europe, 900-1200: Thirty Years of Scholarship
Authors: Berkhofer Robert
Published: April 2024

Since the publication of Les cartulaires in 1993, the study of cartularies has evolved in two main directions: as part of a broader documentary culture and studying regional or textual patterns using digital tools and postmodern approaches. This article offers an overview of interpretive trends since then, focusing on monastic cartularies in northwestern Europe in the Central Middle Ages. It outlines the diverse discourses incorporated in these cartularies, involving patrimony, commemoration, communal identity, and history. It then explores the variable forms of monastic cartularies, including smaller groupings of charters, and their functions. It argues that monastic writers carefully framed their re-presentation charters from their archives, to impart multiple messages to their medieval audiences.
Associations of Intrapancreatic Fat Deposition With Incident Diseases of the Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreas: A UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dong Xiaowu , Zhu Qingtian , Yuan Chenchen , Wang Yaodong , Ma Xiaojie , Shi Xiaolei , Chen Weiwei , Dong Zhao , Chen Lin , Shen Qinhao , Xu Hongwei , Ding Yanbing , Gong Weijuan , Xiao Weiming , Wang Shengfeng , Li Weiqin , Lu Guotao
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION:

To investigate whether increased intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) heightens the risk of diseases of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas.

METHODS:

A prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the UK Biobank. IPFD was quantified using MRI and a deep learning–based framework called nnUNet. The prevalence of fatty change of the pancreas (FP) was determined using sex- and age-specific thresholds. Associations between IPFD and pancreatic diseases were assessed with multivariate Cox-proportional hazard model adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, smoking and drinking status, central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, liver fat content, and spleen fat content.

RESULTS:

Of the 42,599 participants included in the analysis, the prevalence of FP was 17.86%. Elevated IPFD levels were associated with an increased risk of acute pancreatitis (hazard ratio [HR] per 1 quintile change 1.513, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.179–1.941), pancreatic cancer (HR per 1 quintile change 1.365, 95% CI 1.058–1.762) and diabetes mellitus (HR per 1 quintile change 1.221, 95% CI 1.132–1.318). FP was also associated with a higher risk of acute pancreatitis (HR 3.982, 95% CI 2.192–7.234), pancreatic cancer (HR 1.976, 95% CI 1.054–3.704), and diabetes mellitus (HR 1.337, 95% CI 1.122–1.593, P = 0.001).

DISCUSSION:

FP is a common pancreatic disorder. Fat in the pancreas is an independent risk factor for diseases of both the exocrine pancreas and endocrine pancreas.
Progress in the development of acrylic resin-based powder coatings – an overview
Authors: Pojnar Katarzyna , Pilch-Pitera Barbara , Patil Renuka
Published: April 2024

Powder coatings, due to the lack of solvents and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), have gained in importance compared to conventional liquid systems. They fulfill key criteria such as effectiveness, economics, energy efficiency, environmental compliance, and excellent surface finish. Recently, low curing temperature and UV-cured systems have been increasingly used. These techniques offer a lot of advantages such as, application of powder coatings on the heat-sensitive materials and energy savings. Acrylic resins are rarely used in powder systems, mainly due to their price. Nevertheless, they are an attractive alternative in low temperature curing or UV-cured systems (free radical or cationic polymerization) thanks to their chemical structure. The review article focuses on the correlation between the chemical structure of the corresponding monomers in the resin and their properties and application in powder coatings. Moreover, the correlation between the structure of acrylic resin and the powder coating formulation process was described.
Degrowth in an African periphery: Recentring decoloniality around circular ontologies
Authors:   Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Southern Africa, Ngam Roland
Published: April 2024

In this article Roland Ngam focuses on Africa and the disarticulated colonial model on which it is built and argues that in order to build a fairer system that works for the majority, the world needs to quickly shift to an ecocentric degrowth ontology that leverages Africa’s rich cultural heritage for the wellbeing of all people.
REGIONAL PECULIARITIES OF DIGITALISATION IN THE CONSTITUENT ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   South Ural State University, Lyaskovskaya Elena
Published: April 2024

Digitalization is a key factor in sustainable development and a guarantor of national security in the long term. The basis of digitalization is the introduction of digital technologies (DT) into the business practices, models and processes of organizations. Stimulating their implementation and use is one of the components of managing digital transformation at the federal and regional levels of government. The paper aims to study the interregional and intraregional features of digitalization of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by analyzing the use of digital technologies in organizations of the constituent entities and federal districts of the Russian Federation, characterizing the 1st, 2nd and 3rd levels of development of the digital economy. The research hypothesis is that the digitalization of organizations in the Russian Federation is determined by regional affiliation. The methodological basis and research methods included, firstly, statistical methods – relative range indicators and correlation-regression analysis, time series analysis; secondly, multivariate comparisons and the distance method. The statistical base was made up of the data from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation and static collections of the National Research University Higher School of Economics. The author's results include an analysis of the features of digital technologies that underlie the 1st, 2nd and 3rd levels of development of the digital economy, and the development of an integrated approach to the analysis of regional features of digitalization in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The research determined temporal trends and disproportions in the use of central heating in 8 federal districts of the Russian Federation according to the data for 2011–2022. A ranking rating of 85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation was carried out on the use of central heating in 2021 and a map of digitalization of the Russian Federation was constructed. It has been revealed that the use of DT in organizations of the Russian Federation is largely determined not by interregional, but by intraregional features. Hence, methodological support for digital transformation strategies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the composition of priority areas and projects is of particular importance.
NAVIGATOR FOR MANAGEMENT THINKING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   South Ural State University, Makhlyagin Egor , Khudyakova Tatyana ,   South Ural State University
Published: April 2024

Management becomes a more technology-driven sphere where the situation-based approach helps to avoid mistakes. A lot of modern management technologies originate from the dynamic field of IT that changes rapidly and regularly adopts new frameworks. However, all spheres change due to global trends which makes it necessary to revise the approaches used. In this paper, a navigator for management technologies is developed. This navigator aims to support practitioners and researchers in their work. The study develops the method for collecting, classifying, and structuring management technologies. The resulting base of technologies is structured by business processes they relate to and the base is supported with a corresponding map that allows navigating through it. The idea of management thinking technologies is practical; their implementation leads to the growth of efficiency, makes it possible to realize new projects and bring products to the market. A complete systematization of such technologies has not been carried out, and this article attempts to do such work. For future research, expanding the navigator with new technologies and instructions on their implementation and use can provide practitioners and researchers with valuable insights and support in their working field.
INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM AS THE BASIS FOR IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF SUPPLY CHAINS
Authors:   South Ural State University, Bobrova Anna
Published: April 2024

The research focuses on the international supply chains of goods, namely the process of servicing them with an economic information system with a high degree of visualization and detail. The object of the study is information systems of international logistics. The paper aims to form the principles and elements of a universal information system for international chains of supply of goods. As a hypothesis, a provision is put forward to improve the efficiency of logistics using the developed system. The main methods used in the study are the systematization of the conditions of international supply chains of goods and factor analysis for the introduction into the system of quantitative indicators of factors that most actively affect international commodity flows. It has been shown that the currently available information systems in international logistics have a number of disadvantages: they do not contain universal data for the entire supply chain, only collect and provide information, but do not allow management decisions. The main list of data for the formation of the proposed information system has been determined. The paper shows the possibilities of introducing factor analysis correction factors into the information system. They clarify the probability of a parallel or counter commodity flow, that is, determine the level of risk for a particular chain. The study presents a block diagram of the economic information system. Additional recommendations are given to improve the efficiency of international supply chains of goods based on the developed information system. In particular, it is proposed to introduce the terms «primary producer» and «end consumer» which will serve the basis for forming international supply chains for goods bypassing monopolistic logistics centers of economically developed countries. The author's future plans include the creation of a computer program based on the developed information system.
SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROGEN ENERGY IN RUSSIA: LIMITATIONS AND POTENTIALS OF REGIONS
Authors:   South Ural State University, Savelyeva Irina , Kornienko Elena ,   South Ural State University
Published: April 2024

The paradigm shift in the resource-based model of economic development, changes in the technological and energy platforms, imply the expansion of research, including the formation of a new direction for the development of regions, namely: the potential use of hydrogen energy and renewable energy sources. The goal of the article is to analyze methodological approaches to the development of hydrogen energy, practical aspects and strategic directions of its development in the Russian economic space, the potential and limitations of regional industries. The methodological basis of the research included: territorial-geographical, resourcebased, process-based, systemic, innovative, and informational approaches. As a result of the study, the conditions and problems of developing hydrogen energy in the regions of Russia were identified. The obtained results can be used by the bodies of state power of the subjects of the Russian Federation in adjusting strategies for socio-economic development, for further development of this issue in the theory of spatial economics.
Pol stoletja morskih ved na Morski biološki postaji Piran Nacionalnega inštituta za biologijo (1969 – 2019)
Authors: Mozetič Patricija
Published: April 2024

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Moji spomini na prof. Štirna
Authors: Toman Mihael Jožef
Published: April 2024

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Ravnikar: In Memoriam
Authors: Ravnikar Maja
Published: April 2024

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Lost in multitasking: An exploration of Chinese university students’ in-class smartphone multitasking patterns using multiple approaches
Authors: Zhou Yujie , Deng Liping
Published: April 2024

Smartphone multitasking is prevalent in university classrooms, yet the nature and characteristics of this behavior have not been sufficiently understood. This empirical study explores in-class smartphone multitasking behaviors using diverse research approaches to achieve a more authentic and holistic understanding of this pervasive behavior. First, semi-structured interviews were conducted to investigate the prevalence of in-class smartphone use, the types of smartphone tasks that students engaged in, and the modes of smartphone multitasking. Experience-sampling method (ESM) was used to capture the frequency and duration of smartphone use. Subsequently, a questionnaire survey was applied to validate the data collected in the former stage. The results provide a detailed and comprehensive account of in-class smartphone multitasking behaviors, including its prevalence, task types, modes, frequency, and duration. These findings highlight the need for educational researchers and practitioners to consider this behavior from multiple perspectives and with a holistic approach.
Petri net based diagnostic approach for concurrent discrete event systems
Authors: Windmann Stefan
Published: April 2024

This paper introduces a new diagnostic approach for concurrent discrete event systems (DES) in automated production plants. The proposed diagnostic procedure is based on Petri net models of the DES. Discrepancies between the Petri net models and event sequences, which are observed during the operation of the production plant, are detected as potential faults. A case-based diagnosis is then carried out to identify fault types that are easy to interpret for humans. The proposed diagnostic procedure is evaluated using an industrial conveying system.
Lack-of-fit reduction in non-equilibrium thermodynamics applied to the Kac–Zwanzig model
Authors: Mladá Kateřina , Šípka Martin , Pavelka Michal
Published: April 2024

Even when microscopic particle dynamics is purely mechanistic and thus reversible, the behavior of macroscopic systems composed of those particles is irreversible. In other words, effectively irreversible behavior emerges out of purely reversible dynamics when we do not observe all degrees of freedom of the detailed dynamics. But how can we find the irreversible macroscopic evolution equations when we only know the reversible microscopic equations? Using the so-called lack-of-fit reduction, which gives the reduced evolution as a sum of Hamiltonian and gradient dynamics, we reduce the purely Hamiltonian Kac–Zwanzig model to a set of irreversible evolution equations with no fitting parameters.
Bioinorganic metal nanoparticles and their potential applications as antimicrobial, antioxidant and catalytic agents: a review
Authors: Naseem Khalida , Aziz Asad , Khan Mohammad Ehtisham , Ali Shahzaib , Khalid Awais
Published: April 2024

This review article covers the biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) having definite shape and size while using extract obtained from different biological sources such as bacteria, fungi, algae and plants. These biological materials are composed of chloroplast, thylakoid, different types of enzymes extracted from different biogenic sources, different phytochemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, and citric acid having functional groups such as sulfate, carboxyl, amino, amide and hydroxyl groups. These functional groups and enzymes act as efficient reductants to convert metal ions into metal atoms and alternatively metal atoms combine to form MNPs while long hydrocarbon chains present in these bio-macromolecules act as cage to stabilize them for prolong time. Effect of nature of source extract, different reaction conditions such as extract amount, salt amount and solvent used during MNPs preparation process have been critically discussed here in detail. Use of synthesized bioinorganic NPs in various areas including their effectiveness in fighting against bacteria, viruses, fungi, cancer, inflammation, and their potential role in catalytic reduction of environmental harmful substances into friendly products has also been described in a clear and concise manner along with their future consideration.
Impairment of the Glial Phagolysosomal System Drives Prion-Like Propagation in aDrosophilaModel of Huntington's Disease
Authors: Davis Graham H. , Zaya Aprem , Pearce Margaret M. Panning
Published: April 2024

Protein misfolding, aggregation, and spread through the brain are primary drivers of neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. Phagocytic glia are responsible for regulating the load of pathological proteins in the brain, but emerging evidence suggests that glia may also act as vectors for aggregate spread. Accumulation of protein aggregates could compromise the ability of glia to eliminate toxic materials from the brain by disrupting efficient degradation in the phagolysosomal system. A better understanding of phagocytic glial cell deficiencies in the disease state could help to identify novel therapeutic targets for multiple neurological disorders. Here, we report that mutant huntingtin (mHTT) aggregates impair glial responsiveness to injury and capacity to degrade neuronal debris in male and female adultDrosophilaexpressing the gene that causes Huntington's disease (HD). mHTT aggregate formation in neurons impairs engulfment and clearance of injured axons and causes accumulation of phagolysosomes in glia. Neuronal mHTT expression induces upregulation of key innate immunity and phagocytic genes, some of which were found to regulate mHTT aggregate burden in the brain. A forward genetic screen revealed Rab10 as a novel component of Draper-dependent phagocytosis that regulates mHTT aggregate transmission from neurons to glia. These data suggest that glial phagocytic defects enable engulfed mHTT aggregates to evade lysosomal degradation and acquire prion-like characteristics. Together, our findings uncover new mechanisms that enhance our understanding of the beneficial and harmful effects of phagocytic glia in HD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
The Business of Virtues: The Theological Virtues in the Moral Conception of Commercial Organizations
Authors: Kuo Henry S.
Published: April 2024

In her 2006 book, The Bourgeois Virtues, economist and philosopher Deirdre McCloskey argued that what fundamentally drives economic development and growth is not so much government intervention or unrestricted libertinism but a set of “bourgeois virtues” that celebrates classical liberalism while powering the innovation that gave rise to modern economies. Drawing on the seven virtues proposed by St. Thomas Aquinas, McCloskey discusses the ways in which each virtue interfaced with the other six and their critical roles in the history of economic development. This article builds on her insights by making two moves. McCloskey, a skeptic of neo-institutional philosophies, does not consider significantly virtue’s application to commercial organizations. I argue, however, that these ideas do matter to the organization and operation of businesses and similar institutions. In fact, I suggest that the ideology and ethics of institutions function as part of a dialectical conversation between the institutional “ontology” that forms the moral character of its members and those members, who, in turn, (re)form the institution’s ethics. Second, if institutions can embody virtues, how the cardinal virtues—prudentia, temperantia, fortitudo, and iustitia—figure institutionally is not difficult. More challenging is how the theological virtues—love, faith, and hope—which seem to apply to individuals, can apply. Thus, this article argues for how these virtues can be embodied in business organizations, concluding that such a framework allows for a “trinitarian” understanding of the economy as a perichoretic dynamic between the consumer, business organizations, and political/legal structures. In doing so, it criticizes and provides a way out of prevailing political dynamics that often pit individual freedom against institutions.
Open Notes Experiences of Parents in the Pediatric ICU
Authors: Chu Selby , Sisk Bryan A. , Kolmar Amanda , Malone Jay R.
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

We examined how parents experience and navigate open access to clinical notes (“open notes”) in their child’s electronic health record and explored their interactions with clinicians during an ICU admission.

METHODS

We performed a qualitative analysis using semistructured interviews of English-speaking parents who accessed their child’s clinical notes during a pediatric ICU (general or cardiac) admission. We included patient-parent dyads with an ICU admission ≥48 hours between April 2021 and December 2022, note access by proxy timestamp during the ICU course, and either patient age <12 years or incapacitated adolescent ages 12 to 21 years. Purposive sampling was based on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Phone interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using inductive thematic codebook analysis.

RESULTS

We interviewed 20 parents and identified 2 thematic categories, outcomes and interactions, in parents accessing clinical notes. Themes of outcomes included applied benefits, psychosocial and emotional value, and negative consequences. Themes of interactions included practical limitations and parental approach and appraisal. The ICU context and power dynamics were a meta-theme, influencing multiple themes. All parents reported positive qualities of note access despite negative consequences related to content, language, burdens, and lack of support. Parents suggested practice and design improvements surrounding open note access.

CONCLUSIONS

Parental experiences with open notes reveal new, unaddressed considerations for documentation access, practices, and purpose. Parents leverage open notes by negotiating between the power dynamics in the ICU and the uncertain boundaries of their role and authority in the electronic health record.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ НЕЧІТКОЇ ЛОГІКИ ПРИ ПОШУКУ ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО ШЛЯХУ В АЛГОРИТМІ ДЕЙКСТРИ
Authors: Dzhenkova M. , Sheveleva A.
Published: April 2024

Розроблено систему нечіткого виводу, яка дозволяє більш точно оцінювати ваги ребр в направленому графі. Система запущена на тестових вхідних даних, які репрезентують стан дорожнього покриття, погодні умови та динаміку руху пішоходів. Вихідними даними виступає значення ваги поточного ребра, яке використовується для оновлення початкової ваги ребра. Отримані дані застосовані на графі, побудованому на основі доріг в місті Дніпро. Застосовано алгоритм Дейкстри для визначення оптимального маршруту між двома точками та визначено, що результат отриманий після оновлення графу є більш оптимальним.
КЛАСТЕРИЗАЦІЯ ЗВАЖЕНОГО ВЕБГРАФУ ІЗ ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МОДУЛЯРНОСТІ
Authors: Dolotov I.O. , Guk N.A.
Published: April 2024

У статті розглядається проблема аналізу структури вебсайтів. Для зображення вебсайту використано графову модель та проведено кластеризацію вершин вебграфу із використанням поняття модулярності. Для врахування відомостей про дії користувачів на сайті побудовано зважений граф. Результати кластеризації вершин зваженого та незваженого графів порівняно з використанням індексу Фаулкса-Маллоуса.
РОЗРОБКА ГІБРИДНОГО АЛГОРИТМУ РОЗВ’ЯЗАННЯ ЗАДАЧІ ЕНЕРГОЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ В РОЗУМНОМУ ДОМІ
Authors: Lifarenko P.E. , Sheveleva A.E. , Mahas O.S.
Published: April 2024

Застосування гібридного алгоритму на основі алгоритму зграї вовків та методу рою частинок є дуже корисним для підвищення ефективності кожного окремого алгоритмів з точки зору якості результатів, а також обчислювальних зусиль. Гібридний алгоритм здатен знаходити оптимальний розв’язок задачі енергозбереження в розумному домі, цілі якої полягають в тому, щоб дозволити користувачам планувати роботу приборів, і водночас економити електроенергію та запобігати навантаженню на системи в часи пік. Виконано обчислювальні експерименти, що демонструють ефективність цього алгоритму.
ВИЯВЛЕННЯ ПРОБЛЕМ У РОБОТІ ПРОГРАМНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НА ОСНОВІ АНАЛІЗУ ЗНІМКІВ ПАМ’ЯТІ
Authors: Mitikov N.Y. , Guk N.A.
Published: April 2024

В роботі представлений аналіз проблеми продуктивності програмного забезпечення, а саме, описані актуальні методи аналізу програмного забезпечення, як традиційні так і сучасні, що базуються на використанні знімків пам’яті. Проведений аналіз особливостей забезпечення продуктивності програмного забезпечення в залежності від мови програмування, використаної при його розробці. Надані результати експериментальних досліджень продуктивності програмного забезпечення, що демонструють важливість уникнення дублювання даних у пам’яті.
APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL METHODS AND THE THEORY OF PATTERN RECOGNITION IN NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING PROBLEMS
Authors: Poslaiko N.I.
Published: April 2024

A mathematical model is proposed to solve the problem of identifying anomalous areas in composite products using methods of mathematical statistics and pattern recognition theory.
Methodology for high-performance liquid chromatography detection of latanoprost and latanoprost free acid
Authors: Jankowski Ashleigh M. , Vardar Camila , Talarico Matthew V. , Wuchte Liana , Byrne Mark E.
Published: April 2024

A gradient high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed to determine the concentrations of latanoprost (LP) and latanoprost free acid (LPA) in aqueous solutions. It is novel due to a combination of its simplicity, speed, and detection capability in aqueous solutions for both active drug (LPA) and prodrug (LP). This method is applicable for the research and development of novel drug delivery devices and quality control assays for experimental and commercial laboratory settings, as it allows for a high sample throughput. Samples were chromatographed across a C18 + 2.7 µm 4.6 × 7.5 mm reversed-phase column with gradient elution using a mobile phase of aqueous acetic acid (pH 3.1) and acetonitrile with 0.1% acetic acid. UV spectrophotometry was used to monitor the eluents at 210 nm. Drug concentrations from 1.0 to 150 μg mL−1 were tested, with good linearity observed across the range. LPA had a signature peak at approximately 4.82 min (SD < 0.08) and LP at 9.27 min (SD < 0.07). For both drug and pro-drug, LOD and LOQ were 1.0 and 2.5 μg mL−1, respectively. This assay which accurately measures both prodrug and drug in a single injection, has significant applicability in determining the release kinetics of novel LP drug delivery systems.
Inhibition of cocoa peel (theobroma cacao l.) extract gel on growth of staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Rahayu Yani C. , Prihanti Ayu M. , Salsabila Tania P.
Published: April 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was examined the inhibition of cocoa peel (Theobroma cacao L.) ethanol extract gel against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. One of antimicrobial agents that is frequently used for treatment of S.aureus infection is chlorhexidine. Prolonged use of chlorhexidine can cause side effects, such as discoloration of teeth, restorations and tongue, and also desquamative lesions of oral mucosa. Therefore, to minimize the side effects of synthetic antimicrobial agents, an alternative antimicrobial therapy is needed, such as topical antimicrobials derived from natural ingredients like cocoa peel.
Material and Methods: This study was an in vitro laboratory experimental study with a post test only control groupdesign. Identified cocoa peel were extracted using ultrasonic method with ethanol 70%  then formulated into gel with dosage of 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml, 80 mg/ml, 160 mg/ml, and 320 mg/ml, then tested using disk diffusion method and compared with positive control, chlorhexidine gel and negative control, gelling base.
Result: Inhibition zone was formed in group of cocoa peel ethanol extract gel with dosage of 80 mg/ml, 160 mg/ml, and 320 mg/ml, which indicated that there was inhibition activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The results of statistical tests showed that there were significant differences between sample groups.
Conclusion: ethanol extract gel of cocoa peel (Theobroma cacao L.) can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with dosage of 80 mg/ml, 160 mg/ml, and 320 mg/ml.
Dentin hypersensitivity treatment with Nd:YAG laser: A systematic review
Authors: Lestari Vandersun , Wulandari Pitu , Syahputra Armia
Published: April 2024

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser to other chemical agents in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.
Methods: Pubmed, EbscoHost, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched for articles published between 2012 to 2022 in English, reporting randomized clinical trials, completed and with results. This systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines with PROSPERO CRD42022325046, and a critical appraisal of the literature was assessed by using JBI’s Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials.
Results: From 5536 articles found in the search based on keywords, 354 were filtered based on study design and desired period range, and six randomized clinical trials were eligible for the systematic review, reporting patients from 18 to 65 years old, with clinical diagnosis of dentin hypersensitive, that evaluate the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser, compared to pre-treatment using visual analog scale, yeaple probe scale, verbal rating scale and laser doppler flowmetry (LDF). These studies evaluated 159 patients and at least 402 hypersensitive teeth. Follow-up periods were considered from immediate to six months post-treatment. All active ingredients and laser treatment effectively reduce dentin hypersensitive and can maintain its efficacy over time. Only one study suggested treatment with Nd:YAG laser is not significant compared to Er,Cr:YSGG laser.
Conclusion: Nd:YAG presents a significant immediate reduction of dentin hypersensitive and shows promising results in the long time effects. More standardized evaluation protocols should be implemented to increase the robustness of the results.
Keywords: Dentin hypersensitivity, tooth sensitivity, dentin hypersensitivity treatment, laser, Nd:YAG, dentin desensitizing agent
Osteocalcin levels evaluation of freeze-dried homologus platelet-rich plasma in periodontal treatment
Authors: Olivia Niken , Kwartarini Murdiastuti
Published: April 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate enhanced osteocalcin levels by using freeze-dried homologous platelet-rich plasma (FD HPRP) in periodontal treatment to support the osteogenesis process.
Material and Methods: FD HPRP was made by HPRP from the blood bank, then freeze-drying and for sterilization, the γ-radiation process was carried out with doses of 20 and 25 kGy. The osteoblast (Cell line MG63) was cultured to confluent and then treated with FD HPRP 20 kGy, FD HPRP 25 kGy. Osteocalcin levels were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on the 7th and 14th days. The data were analyzed using a t test
Results: There was a significant difference in the osteocalcin levels between FD HPRP 20 and FD HPRP 25 (p<0.05). Osteocalcin levels increased on day 14 in each group and the highest one on the 7th and 14th days was FD HPRP 25.
Conclusion: The present results showed that FD HPRP with simple preparation could support the osteogenesis process
Effect of 10% kepok banana peel extract gel (musa paradisiaca linn. kepok) application on periodontal regeneration process in periodontal healing of wistar rat (rattus norvegicus): In vivo study
Authors: Suryono  , Sari Rezmelia , Wulandari Felia R. , Andini Hefy , Widjaja Jeanette , Nugraheni Trisna D.
Published: April 2024

Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the effect of application of 10% Kepok banana peel extract gel (Musa paradisiaca linn. Kepok) on periodontal regeneration process in periodontal healing of wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus).
Methods: Fourty-eight wistar rats were divided into 3 groups, namey 16 rats as the positive control group (Aloclair gel), 16 rats as the negative control group (CMC-Na gel 2%) and 16 rats as the treatment group (10% Kepok banana peel extract gel). The induction of periodontitis was performed using modified ligation technique for 7 days with additional injection of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans bacteria on the first day. Wistar rats were euthanized on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 for histological analysis to evaluate the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, osteoclasts, osteoblasts and fibroblasts. Radiographs were taken on day 21 using digital periapical radiograph (PaloDex Oy). Data were analyzed using Two-Way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD tests.
Results: Data analysis showed a significant difference in the cell numbers among the groups.  A decreasing number of lymphocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts could already be observed since the 1st day, so could an increasing number of fibroblasts and osteoblasts. The fibroblasts and osteoblasts of the treatment group already reached their peak on the 5th day, faster than the negative control and positive control groups that reached their peaks on the 7th day.
Conclusion: The application of 10% Kepok banana peel extract gel (Musa paradisiaca linn. Kepok) caused significant acceleration of periodontal regeneration process in periodontal healing of wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus).
Potential of nano hydroxyapatite synthesized from blood clam shells as a remineralizing agent after in-office bleaching
Authors: Hikmah Noor , Tanumihardja Maria , Nugroho Juni J. , Natsir Nurhayaty , Hamrun Nurlindah , Kasim Syahruddin
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The effect of bleaching on tooth structure is the loss of interprismatic substance which causes prism irregularities and changes in enamel morphology such as increased porosity and demineralization. This can be stopped by encouraging remineralization if the pH is neutralized and there are enough calcium and phosphate ions in the oral cavity. One agent that can be used to help the remineralization process is nano hydroxyapatite (nHA) which is a bioactive and biocompatible material for the natural mineral enamel. This study aims to determine change in the percentage of porosity, calcium, phosphate and hydroxyapatite synthesized from blood clam shells (Anadara granosa) and CPP-ACP as a positive control. Material and methods: The research design was a pre-post test control group design. Six maxillary first premolars were cut to the CEJ with a size of 5x5x2 mm then 40% hydrogen peroxide was applied. The first group was applied nHA synthesized from blood clam shells and the second group was applied CPP-ACP. Determination the percentage of porosity, calcium, phosphate and hydroxyapatite was carried out before and after bleaching and after aplication of remineralizing agent. Results: The study showed an decrease the porosity, calcium, phospate and increase hydroxyapatite precentage after sampel was applied to the remineralizating material nHA synthesized from blood clam shells and CPP-ACP. Conlusion: nHA results of blood clam shell synthesis has the potential to be used as an enamel remineralization agent after in-office bleaching.
Key words: Blood clam shell, Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, In-office bleaching, Nano Hydroxyapatite
Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis accompanied with oral malignant lesions in HIV-Infected Patient: Case report
Authors: Dian Angriany  , Hendri Susanto  , Adiastuti Endah  , Bagus Soebadi
Published: April 2024

Objective: Oral candidiasis is the most opportunistic infection in HIV/AIDS patient. Neoplasms may also frequently be found in the oral cavity of HIV/AIDS patient and may indicate the progression of HIV infection. Case Report: A 56-year-old complaint of yellowish-white spots in oral cavity and swelling in the palate accompanied with shortness of breath and difficulty in eating and swallowing. Various medication was used to relieve the complaints but there were no improvements. He claimed a weight loss of 10 kg in last three months. Physically showed pale and weakness. Intraorally, diffuse pseudomembranous was found throughout the oral cavity to pharynx, and an exophytic mass with red color at the palate area extending to oropharynx. Direct mycology test, complete blood count examination and HIV rapid test were conducted. Results: Topical antifungal and antiseptic mouthwash was prescribed after direct mycology test result was positive for Candida albicans, a reactive anti-HIV examination with immunochromatography confirmed the patients was HIV and referral to head and neck oncologist for the Kaposi’s sarcoma. In second visit, two days after therapy, the pseudomembrane slightly reduced, but complaints of tightness still felt. Unfortunately, the patients passed away after second visit and have not yet received therapy from head and neck oncologist. Conclusion: Oral candidiasis may be the oral manifestation of HIV/AIDS which may accompanied by oral malignant lesions. Due to the late management of the oral candidiasis and oral malignant lesion, may result in poor prognosis for the treatment of the patient.
RANKL and MMP8 levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) as oral biomarker for periodontal condition
Authors: Pratiwi Ariyati R. , Firani Novi K. , Neny Roeswahyuni  , Malianawati Fauziah  , Rahmavidy Priyanto
Published: April 2024

Objective: We assessed the diagnostic potential of RANKL and MMP8 in gingivitis and periodontitis patients.
Material and Methods: Sixty Seven otherwise gingivitis and periodontitis patient were enrolled at Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya and Janti Health Service Malang. Gingival crevicular fluid was sampled modified gingival index include normal (n= 26), mild inflammation (n= 25), moderate (n=10), and severe inflammation (n=6). For periodontitis parameter, GCF was sampled pocket depth such as pocket depth 0-3,5 mm (n= 49), pocket depth 3,6-5,5 mm (n=11), pocket depth  >5,5 mm (n=7). RANKL and MMP8 were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Then, One Way ANOVA analysis was used.
Results: RANKL showed significantly difference in gingivitis patient (p<0.05), but not periodontitis patient (p>0.05). However MMP8 did not show any significant difference (p>0.05) between gingivitis and periodontitis. RANKL showed a good discrimination performance. RANKL and MMP8 present in the identification of periodontal disease.
Conclusion: RANKL presented more accurate diagnostic marker for periodontitis than gingivitis.
Confidence of clinical year dental students in performing removable denture treatment and their perception of the quality of prosthodontic studies
Authors: Ratna S. Dewi  , Talitha K. Ardinda  , Henni Koesmaningati
Published: April 2024

Objective: To find out the distribution of clinical year students’ confidence to perform prosthodontic treatments and perception towards the quality of prosthodontic studies they have received as a factor that can affect confidence. 
Material and Methods: Data was collected using online questionnaires and filled out by clinical year students who met the inclusion criteria. Further, the data was grouped according to the year of entrance to the clinical year program in the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia. Data was then processed using SPSS version 22 for univariate analysis.
Results: This study included 80 respondents. The highest level of confidence were seen when performing removable partial denture treatment (8.29 ± 0.76), try-in stage (wax form) procedure of a removable partial denture (9.00 ± 1.41), and primary impression taking for a complete denture procedure (9.00 ± 1.15). The lowest confidence was seen when performing complete denture treatment (7.08 ± 1,26) and surveying cast for a removable partial denture (6.00 ± 1.41). More than 95% of respondents showed a positive perception towards the quality of prosthodontic studies they received.
Conclusion: Most respondents have a positive perception towards the quality of prosthodontic learning at Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia.
Perception of ‘broad’ and ‘narrow’ fluency in the EFL performance of student interpreters
Authors: Yenkimaleki Mahmood , van Heuven Vincent J.
Published: April 2024

The oral fluency of non-native speakers is an important measure in evaluating a person's second language (L2) proficiency. The present study investigates the relationship between the perception of fluency in its broad sense, meaning overall speaking proficiency, and in the narrow sense, in which flow and smoothness as well as grammar and vocabulary are evaluated. An experiment was conducted in which the speech fluency of 25 interpreter trainees was rated by 12 raters – three native experts, three native non-experts, three non-native experts and three non-native non-experts – in the narrow and broad senses, and then again after one month’. The results of the study showed that the raters’ judgements of fluency in the narrow sense were significantly lower than that of broad fluency. The expert raters were significantly less lenient than the non-experts overall, and more so when using the narrow definition of fluency. There was no statistically significant difference found in the scores of the native and non-native raters. It is suggested that interpreter trainees develop both broad and narrow fluency skills through training and practice. This can include improving their linguistic knowledge as well as practicing speaking skills.
Cytokine inhibitory activity of eurycomanone in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with viral-mimicking poly (I:C)
Authors: Ha Trang Nguyen Thi , Thu Trang Tran , Nam Nguyen Trung
Published: April 2024

Poly (I:C) (Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA binding toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and mimicking a virus infection in macrophage. Here, for the first time, we showed the inhibitory effects of eurycomanone on the production of IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-10 of RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with poly (I:C). Eurycomanone inhibited production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-alpha of RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with poly (I:C) with the IC50 value being 5.14 +/- 0.60 uM and 2.32 +/- 0.40 uM, respectively. Interestingly, this compound also inhibited the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 of RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with poly (I:C) with the IC50 value being 14.60 +/- 0.32 uM. These results suggested that eurycomanone has a potentially regulatory role on production of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in macrophage in the mimicking context of virus infection. Whether eurycomanone inhibits the binding of poly (I:C)-TLR3 or intracellular signaling pathways needs further investigation.
Reflexões Sobre os Desafios Sociais dos Institutos Federais
Authors: Michels Lucas Boeira , Ritter Marilene
Published: April 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre as lógicas da sociedade hegemônica das quais os Institutos Federais precisam compreender para  construir um novo modelo de educação profissional orientado a um novo modelo de sociedade mais igualitária social, cultural e econômica. As reflexões permitem compreender que as Instituições, em sua prática convencional, de forma inconsciente, reproduzem a estrutura de pensamentos responsável por gerar a desigualdades sociais. E conclui que, para cumprir com a missão social é necessário compreender a fundo estes mecanismos e readequar os processos pedagógicos para uma prática crítica e reflexiva.