bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing high school students' perceptions and preferences for aquaculture versus wild‐caught seafood: The case of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi
Authors: Beyer Leiana , Chan Catherine , LaPorte Patricia , Lee Cheng‐Sheng
Published: March 2023

An increasing population and demand for seafood have provoked a need to understand the factors affecting consumers' perceptions of aquaculture and wild‐caught seafood to ensure the sustainability of ocean resources. A survey was developed to assess Hawaiʻi's high school students' perceptions and preference for aquaculture and wild‐caught seafood using a cognitive mapping framework. The survey was administered to three high schools across urban, suburban, and rural areas of the island of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. Using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests, and mental modeling techniques the following results from the survey indicated that most students had some knowledge of aquaculture. Residence and gender demographics of students make a difference in their preference for aquaculture and wild‐caught seafood. Overall, the students indicated a higher preference for wild‐caught seafood as compared to aquaculture in terms of taste and the reverse is true for environmental impacts. However, rural residents and male students showed a significant preference for aquaculture seafood. The implications of this study provide the information needed to improve public perceptions of aquaculture and promote sustainable seafood practices and consumption. Furthermore, education focused on aquaculture can be introduced into school curricula to enhance their knowledge of environmental, health, and nutrition impacts.
School‐based health and nutrition interventions addressing double burden of malnutrition and educational outcomes of adolescents in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A systematic review
Authors: Shinde Sachin , Wang Dongqing , Moulton Gretchen E. , Fawzi Wafaie W.
Published: March 2023

School system is a promising platform for addressing all forms of malnutrition in adolescents. However, little is known about the impact of integrated school health and nutrition programmes on adolescent nutrition and educational outcomes in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). This systematic review sought to characterize school‐based health and nutrition interventions among adolescents in LMICs and analyze their effects on nutritional status and educational outcomes. Four databases were searched for studies evaluating school‐based health and nutrition interventions for adolescents in LMICs, reporting changes in either nutritional status or educational outcomes. A narrative synthesis was used to analyze and describe the evidence. Our review included 68 articles evaluating 58 interventions, of which a third had moderate to strong methodological quality. Forty‐two studies evaluated single‐domain interventions, while 26 evaluated multi‐component interventions. A third of all interventions were based on a theoretical framework. Three‐fourths of the interventions were shorter than 11 months, which may make identifying their effect difficult. The results of the effectiveness of these interventions were mixed and inconsistent across intervention types. Sixteen out of 21 studies evaluating multi‐component interventions and 12 out of 23 studies evaluating nutrition education reported improving nutritional or diet‐related outcomes. One out of six studies reported positive effects on educational outcomes. Our review has identified that research needs include: a greater inclusion of theory‐based approaches to guide the implementation of interventions; more studies of integrated interventions that involve parents and the wider community in LMICs; and extension of outcomes beyond nutritional status to include educational outcomes.
The relationship between the gendered norm of eating last and mental health of newly married women in Nepal: A longitudinal study
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Lakshmi , Diamond‐Smith Nadia , Acharya Bibhav , Puri Mahesh , Bertozzi Stefano M.
Published: March 2023

Eating last is a gendered cultural norm in which the youngest daughters‐in‐law are expected to eat last after serving others in the household, including men and in‐laws. Using women's eating last as an indicator of women's status, we studied the association between eating last and women's mental health. Using four rounds of prospective cohort data of 18–25‐year‐old newly married women (n = 200) cohabiting with mothers‐in‐law between 2018 and 2020 in the Nawalparasi district of Nepal, we examined the association between women eating last and depressive symptom severity (measured using 15‐item Hopkins Symptom Checklist for Depression; HSCL‐D). Twenty‐five percent of women reported eating last always. The prevalence of probable depression using the established cutoff was 5.5%, consistent with the prevalence of depression in the general population. Using a hierarchical mixed‐effects linear regression model, we found that women who always ate last had an expected depressive symptom severity (0–3 on HSCL‐D) 0.24 points (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13–0.36) greater compared to women who did not eat last when adjusted for demographic variables, household food insecurity, and secular trends. Sensitivity analysis using logistic regression also suggested that women who eat last have greater odds of having probable depression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.05; 95% CI: 1.32–12.44). We explored if the association between eating last and depressive symptom severity was moderated by household food insecurity and did not observe evidence of moderation, underscoring the significance of eating last as a woman's status indicator. Our study findings highlight that newly young married women in Nepal are a vulnerable group.
Understanding factors associated with rural‐urban disparities of stunting among under‐five children in Rwanda: A decomposition analysis approach
Authors: Kalinda Chester , Phiri Million , Simona Simona J. , Banda Andrew , Wong Rex , Qambayot Maria Albin , Ishimwe Sage Marie Consolatrice , Amberbir Alemayehu , Abebe Bekele , Gebremariam Alemayehu , Nyerere Julius Odhiambo
Published: March 2023

Childhood stunting in its moderate and severe forms is a major global problem and an important indicator of child health. Rwanda has made progress in reducing the prevalence of stunting. However, the burden of stunting and its geographical disparities have precipitated the need to investigate its spatial clusters and attributable factors. Here, we assessed the determinants of under‐5 stunting and mapped its prevalence to identify areas where interventions can be directed. Using three combined rounds of the nationally representative Rwanda Demographic and Health Surveys of 2010, 2015 and 2020, we employed the Blinder‐Oaxaca decomposition analysis and the hotspot and cluster analyses to quantify the contributions of key determinants of stunting. Overall, there was a 7.9% and 10.3% points reduction in moderate stunting among urban and rural areas, respectively, and a 2.8% and 8.3% points reduction in severe stunting in urban and rural areas, respectively. Child age, wealth index, maternal education and the number of antenatal care visits were key determinants for the reduction of moderate and severe stunting. Over time, persistent statistically significant hotspots for moderate and severe stunting were observed in Northern and Western parts of the country. There is a need for an adaptive scaling approach when implementing national nutritional interventions by targeting high‐burden regions. Stunting hotspots in Western and Northern provinces underscore the need for coordinated subnational initiatives and strategies such as empowering the rural poor, enhancing antenatal health care, and improving maternal health and education levels to sustain the gains made in reducing childhood stunting.
A role for ethylene signaling and biosynthesis in regulating and accelerating CO2‐ and abscisic acid‐mediated stomatal movements in Arabidopsis
Authors: Azoulay‐Shemer Tamar , Schulze Sebastian , Nissan‐Roda Dikla , Bosmans Krystal , Shapira Or , Weckwerth Philipp , Zamora Olena , Yarmolinsky Dmitry , Trainin Taly , Kollist Hannes , Huffaker Alisa , Rappel Wouter‐Jan , Schroeder Julian I.
Published: March 2023

Little is known about long‐distance mesophyll‐driven signals that regulate stomatal conductance. Soluble and/or vapor‐phase molecules have been proposed. In this study, the involvement of the gaseous signal ethylene in the modulation of stomatal conductance in Arabidopsis thaliana by CO2/abscisic acid (ABA) was examined.

We present a diffusion model which indicates that gaseous signaling molecule/s with a shorter/direct diffusion pathway to guard cells are more probable for rapid mesophyll‐dependent stomatal conductance changes. We, therefore, analyzed different Arabidopsis ethylene‐signaling and biosynthesis mutants for their ethylene production and kinetics of stomatal responses to ABA/[CO2]‐shifts.

According to our research, higher [CO2] causes Arabidopsis rosettes to produce more ethylene. An ACC‐synthase octuple mutant with reduced ethylene biosynthesis exhibits dysfunctional CO2‐induced stomatal movements. Ethylene‐insensitive receptor (gain‐of‐function), etr1‐1 and etr2‐1, and signaling, ein2‐5 and ein2‐1, mutants showed intact stomatal responses to [CO2]‐shifts, whereas loss‐of‐function ethylene receptor mutants, including etr2‐3;ein4‐4;ers2‐3, etr1‐6;etr2‐3 and etr1‐6, showed markedly accelerated stomatal responses to [CO2]‐shifts. Further investigation revealed a significantly impaired stomatal closure to ABA in the ACC‐synthase octuple mutant and accelerated stomatal responses in the etr1‐6;etr2‐3, and etr1‐6, but not in the etr2‐3;ein4‐4;ers2‐3 mutants.

These findings suggest essential functions of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling components in tuning/accelerating stomatal conductance responses to CO2 and ABA.
Examination of validity of identifying congenital heart disease from hospital discharge data without a gold standard: Using a data linkage approach
Authors: He Wen‐Qiang , Nassar Natasha , Schneuer Francisco J. , Lain Samantha J. ,   Congenital Heart Disease Synergy Study group
Published: March 2023

Background

Administrative health data has been used extensively to examine congenital heart disease (CHD). However, the accuracy and completeness of these data must be assessed.

Objectives

To use data linkage of multiple administrative data sources to examine the validity of identifying CHD cases recorded in hospital discharge data.

Methods

We identified all liveborn infants born 2013–2017 in New South Wales, Australia with a CHD diagnosis up to age one, recorded in hospital discharge data. Using record linkage to multiple data sources, the diagnosis of CHD was compared with five reference standards: (i) multiple hospital admissions containing CHD diagnosis; (ii) receiving a cardiac procedure; (iii) CHD diagnosis in the Register of Congenital Conditions; (iv) cardiac‐related outpatient health service recorded; and/or (v) cardiac‐related cause of death. Positive predictive values (PPV) comparing CHD diagnosis with the reference standards were estimated by CHD severity and for specific phenotypes.

Results

Of 485,239 liveborn infants, there were 4043 infants with a CHD diagnosis identified in hospital discharge data (8.3 per 1000 live births). The PPV for any CHD identified in any of the five methods was 62.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 60.9, 64.8), with PPV higher for severe CHD at 94.1% (95% CI 88.2, 100). Infant characteristics associated with higher PPVs included lower birthweight, presence of a syndrome or non‐cardiac congenital anomaly, born to mothers aged <20 years and residing in disadvantaged areas.

Conclusion

Using data linkage of multiple datasets is a novel and cost‐effective method to examine the validity of CHD diagnoses recorded in one dataset. These results can be incorporated into bias analyses in future studies of CHD.
Does light physical activity reduce blood pressure responses to laboratory stressors?
Authors: Thomas Mark C. , Kamarck Thomas W.
Published: March 2023

Individuals exhibiting exaggerated blood pressure responses to stress are at increased risk for later cardiovascular disease. Engagement in brief bouts of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity may reduce instances of these exaggerated blood pressure responses. While observational work has shown that periods of light physical activity may also be associated with reduced blood pressure responses to stress in daily life, the few experimental studies involving light physical activity have methodological limitations that temper conclusions. The current investigation sought to understand the effects of brief bouts of light physical activity on blood pressure responses to psychological stress. In a between‐person, single‐session experimental design, 179 healthy, young adults were randomized to 15 min of light physical activity, moderate physical activity, or sitting before engaging in a 10‐min computerized Stroop Color‐Word Interference Task. Blood pressure readings were collected throughout the study session. Surprisingly, the light physical activity participants showed higher systolic blood pressure responses to stress than control participants by 2.9 mmHg (F(2, 174) = 3.49,ηp2 = 0.038,p = .03), whereas no significant differences were shown between moderate physical activity and control groups (F(2, 174) = 2.59,ηp2 = 0.028,p = .078). These findings show that light physical activity may not be related to reduced blood pressure responses to stress in an experimental session involving healthy, college‐aged adults and question the extent to which brief bouts of physical activity may reduce acute blood pressure responses to stress.
The politics of sanctioning the poor through welfare conditionality: Revealing causal mechanisms in Uruguay
Authors: Rossel Cecilia , Antía Florencia , Manzi Pilar
Published: March 2023

What explains the ‘punitive turn’ toward more stringent conditionalities in welfare policies? Answering this question is crucial in a region such as Latin America, where cash transfers have proven politically consequential for incumbents. Our argument emphasises the role of electoral competition in shaping a government's decision to adopt a more punitive approach to conditionalities. We use process tracing to test our argument in a case involving a change from relatively lax to more stringent conditionalities in Uruguay's system of conditional cash transfers (CCTs). We also test other explanations from the welfare conditionality and the welfare and policy change literatures. We find that, as public opinion increasingly turned against state assistance to the poor, the opposition politicised the issue of non‐enforcement of conditionalities. This led Uruguay's left‐wing government to shift to more stringent enforcement of conditionalities to avoid alienating members of its electoral base who were not CCT beneficiaries. Our findings contribute to the current debate on why and how governments choose to sanction welfare recipients as a response to political dynamics, both in developed and developing regions.
Holistic Optimal Design of Face-Milled Hypoid Gearsets
Authors: Grabovic Eugeniu , Artoni Alessio , Gabiccini Marco
Published: March 2023

The aim of this paper is to present a holistic framework to design optimized spiral bevel and hypoid gearsets with accurate finite element simulations in the loop. Starting from the basic transmission data, we first size gear and pinion blanks, and then we synthesize the basic machine-tool settings required to generate the two toothed members. This first step represents the macro-geometry design phase and its outcome is a conjugate spiral bevel or hypoid gearset. The second design phase is represented by the definition of the optimal pinion micro-geometry. This is formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) where the obtained optimal ease-off is guaranteed to be manufacturable. To this end, an original strategy is proposed where the search for the pinion optimal tooth surface happens in the space of the coefficients of a polynomial representation of its micro-topography. However, thanks to a fast identification algorithm that can handle all the higher-order motions, the ideal ease-off is projected onto set of machine-tool settings, thus ensuring manufacturability from the outset. It is worth remarking that the objective functions in the MOOP are evaluated by calling as a back-end solver one of the most accurate loaded tooth contact analysis software available on the market. A dedicated parallel implementation of such MOOP allows to maintain computation times within very reasonable limits. A fully worked out numerical test case clearly demonstrates that the whole procedure far surpasses the current state of the art.
Fault Diagnostics and Faulty Pattern Analysis of High-Speed Roller Bearings Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Rathore Maan Singh , Harsha S. P.
Published: March 2023

In this article, vibration-based fault diagnostics and response classification have been done for defective high-speed cylindrical bearing operating under unbalance rotor conditions. An experimental study has been performed to capture the vibration signature of faulty bearings in the time domain and for different speeds of the unbalanced rotor. Two-dimensional phase trajectories are generated by estimating the time delay and embedding dimension corresponding to vibration signatures. Qualitative analysis involves the implementation of a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) utilizing the phase portraits as input to classify the nonlinear vibration responses. Comparison with the state-of-art classifiers such as artificial neural network (ANN), deep neural network (DNN), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) is presented based on classification accuracy values. Thus, the values obtained are 61%, 67%, 72%, and 99% for ANN, DNN, KNN, and DCNN, respectively. Hence, the proposed intelligent classification model accurately identifies the dynamic behavior of bearing under unbalanced rotor conditions.
Ultrasonographic and pathological findings of a secretory carcinoma of the parotid gland
Authors: Zhang Xiaowei , Wu Dandan , Chen Jun
Published: March 2023

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EUS-guided fine needle biopsy for hepatocarcinoma of the right liver lobe as a rescue diagnostic technique after a negative percutaneousguided liver biopsy
Authors: Tantau Alina , Zaharie Teodor
Published: March 2023

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Strengthening the scientific record
Authors: Thorp H. Holden , Vinson Valda , Yeston Jake
Published: March 2023

Science is a social process. Discoveries—even by supposed “lone” geniuses—do not become knowledge until the findings are shared with the scientific community, to be vetted, challenged, and expanded on. Since the birth of the digital age, this discourse has become much more apparent, as communication outlets such as social media, blogs, and websites such as PubPeer and Retraction Watch allow the scientific community to discuss new findings. Further, the availability of greater amounts of data that support findings allows peers to redo key analyses to confirm or report discrepancies. This week,
Science
is announcing two changes—one to accelerate the conversation about papers and another to ease deposition of supporting data—that will facilitate the evaluation of research findings across the wide scientific enterprise.
Prevalence and Homology of the Pneumococcal Serine-Rich Repeat Protein at the Global Scale
Authors: Aceil Javid , Venkat Aarya , Pan Eric , Kannan Natarajan , Avci Fikri Y.
Published: March 2023

An updated outlook on PsrP prevalence and serotype distribution sheds new light on the comprehensiveness of a PsrP-based protein vaccine. The protein is present in all vaccine serotypes and highly present in the next wave of potentially disease-causing serotypes not included in the current multivalent conjugate vaccines.
Protocol for the CoNoR Study: A prospective multi-step study of the potential added benefit of two novel assessment tools in colorectal liver metastases technical resectability decision-making
Authors: Parmar Kat L , O'Reilly Derek , Valle Juan , Braun Michael , Malcomson Lee , Jones Robert P , Balaa Fady , Rees Myrddin , Welsh Fenella K S , Filobbos Rafik , Renehan Andrew G
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Liver resection is the only curative treatment for colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Resectability decision-making is therefore a key determinant of outcomes. Wide variation has been demonstrated in resectability decision-making, despite the existence of criteria. This paper summarises a study protocol to evaluate the potential added value of two novel assessment tools in assessing CLM technical resectability: the Hepatica preoperative MR scan (MR-based volumetry, Couinaud segmentation, liver tissue characteristics and operative planning tool) and the LiMAx test (hepatic functional capacity).

Methods and analysis

This study uses a systematic multistep approach, whereby three preparatory workstreams aid the design of the final international case-based scenario survey:

Workstream 1: systematic literature review of published resectability criteria.

Workstream 2: international hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) interviews.

Workstream 3: international HPB questionnaire.

Workstream 4: international HPB case-based scenario survey.

The primary outcome measures are change in resectability decision-making and change in planned operative strategy, resulting from the novel test results. Secondary outcome measures are variability in CLM resectability decision-making and opinions on the role for novel tools.

Ethics and dissemination

The study protocol has been approved by a National Health Service Research Ethics Committee and registered with the Health Research Authority. Dissemination will be via international and national conferences. Manuscripts will be published.

Registration details

The CoNoR Study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registration numberNCT04270851). The systematic review is registered on the PROSPERO database (registration number CRD42019136748).
Effect of a family-involvement combined aerobic and resistance exercise protocol on cancer-related fatigue in patients with breast cancer during postoperative chemotherapy: study protocol for a quasi-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Huang Chuhan , Cai Yingjie , Guo Yufei , Jia Jingjing , Shi Tieying
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most common and debilitating side effects experienced by patients with breast cancer (BC) during postoperative chemotherapy. Family-involvement combined aerobic and resistance exercise has been introduced as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for CRF symptom relief and improving patients’ muscle strength, exercise completion, family intimacy and adaptability and quality of life. However, evidence for the practice of home participation in combined aerobic and resistance exercise for the management of CRF in patients with BC is lacking.

Methods and analysis

We present a protocol for a quasi-randomised controlled trial involving an 8-week intervention. Seventy patients with BC will be recruited from a tertiary care centre in China. Participants from the first oncology department will be assigned to the family-involvement combined aerobic and resistance exercise group (n=28), while participants from the second oncology department will be assigned to the control group that will receive standard exercise guidance (n=28). The primary outcome will be the Piper Fatigue Scale-Revised (R-PFS) score. The secondary outcomes will include muscle strength, exercise completion, family intimacy and adaptability and quality of life, which will be evaluated by the stand-up and sit-down chair test, grip test, exercise completion rate, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, Second Edition-Chinese Version (FACESⅡ-CV) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy -Breast (FACT-B) scale. Analysis of covariance will be applied for comparisons between groups, and paired t-tests will be used for comparison of data before and after exercise within a group.

Ethics and dissemination

This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University (PJ-KS-KY-2021-288). The results of this study will be published via peer-reviewed publications and presentations at conferences.

Trail registration number

ChiCTR2200055793.
Health-related quality of life measures used with Indigenous children/youth in the Pacific Rim: a scoping review
Authors: McCarty Georgia , Wyeth Emma H , Sullivan Trudy , Crengle Sue , Nelson Vicky , Derrett Sarah
Published: March 2023

Objective

To identify and describe (1) which health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures have been used with Indigenous children/youth (aged 8–17 years) within the Pacific Rim; and (2) studies that refer to Indigenous health concepts in the use of child/youth HRQoL measures.

Design

A scoping review.

Data sources

Ovid (Medline), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL were searched up until 25 June 2020.

Eligibility criteria

Eligible papers were identified by two independent reviewers. Eligible papers were written in English, published between January 1990 and June 2020 and included an HRQoL measure used in research with Indigenous child/youth populations (aged between 8 and 17 years) in the Pacific Rim region.

Data extraction and synthesis

Data extracted included study characteristics (year, country, Indigenous population, Indigenous sample size, age group), HRQoL measure characteristics (generic or condition-specific measure, child or adult measure, who completed the measure(s), dimensions, items and response scale of measure) and consideration of Indigenous concepts (created for Indigenous population, modified for Indigenous population, validated for Indigenous population, reliability in Indigenous populations, Indigenous involvement, reference to Indigenous theories/models/frameworks).

Results

After removing duplicates, 1393 paper titles and abstracts were screened, and 543 had full-text review for eligibility. Of these, 40 full-text papers were eligible, reporting on 32 unique studies. Twenty-nine HRQoL measures were used across eight countries. Thirty-three papers did not acknowledge Indigenous concepts of health, and only two measures were specifically created for use with Indigenous populations.

Conclusions

There is a paucity of research investigating HRQoL measures used with Indigenous children/youth and a lack of involvement of Indigenous peoples in the development and use of HRQoL measures. We strongly recommend explicit consideration of Indigenous concepts when developing, validating, assessing and using HRQoL measures with Indigenous populations.
Rectus abdominis and rectus femoris muscle thickness in determining nutritional risk in critically ill patients: a prospective cohort study in Turkey
Authors: Gürsoy Canan , Alkan Aslı , Kaya Çubuk Emine , Karcı Efsane , Yılmaz Hüseyin Oğuz , Çakır Tümay
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Malnutrition is a clinical condition that is frequently seen in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Although there are many scoring systems and tools used to determine nutritional risk, those that can be used in critically ill patients in the ICU are very few. The scoring systems used are insufficient to identify ICU patients with malnutrition or at risk.

Malnutrition is generally presented with a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength. Therefore, in many recent studies, attention has been drawn to the relationship between nutritional status and loss of muscle mass.

Design

A cohort study.

Setting

Forty-five patients hospitalised in an anaesthesia ICU in Turkey were included in the study.

Participants

Patients aged 18 years and older.

Interventions

Demographic data of patients included in the study, and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) and Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically ill (mNUTRIC) scores in the first 24 hours of ICU admission were noted. Rectus abdominis muscle (RAM) and rectus femoris muscle (RFM) thicknesses were measured by the same person (intensive care specialist) with ultrasonography (USG).

Outcome measures

Finding a quantitative and practical evaluation method by determining the correlation of measurement of RAM and RFM thickness with USG with NRS-2002 and mNUTRIC score, which are scoring systems used to assess nutritional risk.

Results

The performance of RAM and RFM thickness in determining nutritional status was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Area under the ROC curves were calculated as >0.7 for RFM and RAM measurements (p<0.05). Specificity and sensitivity percentages of RAM were found to be higher than RFM in determining nutritional status.

Conclusion

This study showed that RAM and RFM thickness measured by USG can be a reliable and easily applicable quantitative method that can be used to determine nutritional risk in the ICU.
Winter wheat responses to enhanced efficiency granular nitrogen fertilizer in the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Wang Z. , Owens J.L. , Thomas B.W. , Hao X. , Coles K. , Holzapfel C. , Rahmani E. , Karimi R. , Gill K.S. , Beres B.L.
Published: March 2023

Optimizing the timing of nitrogen (N) enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs) may maximize winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield, protein content, and N-use efficiency (NUE). From 2013 to 2018, experiments were conducted at two irrigated and six rain-fed sites across the Canadian Prairies (24 site-years) to evaluate winter wheat responses to N source and timing/placement effects of EEFs. Nitrogen sources included untreated urea, nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin treated urea, urease inhibitor N-( n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) plus nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD)-treated urea (NBPT + DCD), and polymer-coated urea (PCU). The N sources were all side-banded at planting, 30% side-banded at planting plus 70% broadcast in-crop late-fall (averaged 38 days after planting; split-applied late-fall), or 30% side-banded at planting plus 70% broadcast in-crop early-spring (averaged 224 days after planting; split-applied early-spring). Nitrous oxide and methane emissions were measured at one rain-fed site to test whether N source and timing/placement influenced CO2-equivalents (CO2-eq; nitrous oxide + methane). Under irrigation, NBPT + DCD consistently produced the highest yields regardless of timing/placement; however, the 80% of the recommended rate caused suboptimal protein responses (≤11%) unless split-application of N was adopted. Untreated urea produced the highest net CO2-eq and yield-scaled CO2-eq emissions, with the highest emissions when urea was split-applied early-spring. To optimize winter wheat production and NUE, we conclude that NBPT + DCD all-banded during seeding operations or split-applied early-spring provided similar and often superior results to other sources, including a more typical system of urea side-banded at the time of seeding.
Hybrid monitoring and measurement of concrete shielding activation at the ProtherWal proton therapy centre
Authors: Ramoisiaux E. , Hernalsteens C. , Tesse R. , Gnacadja E. , Pauly N. , Stichelbaut F.
Published: March 2023

Proton therapy systems produce large fluxes of energetic secondary particles when tailoring the beam energy and transverse profile to the specificities of each irradiation plan. A Low Activation Concrete (LAC) mix is foreseen for parts of the shielding of the Ion Beam Applications (IBA) Proteus® One (P1) compact system at the ProtherWal proton therapy centre in Charleroi, Belgium, to limit the long-term activation of the concrete shielding. To experimentally monitor the long-term activation and validate the beneficial impact of the LAC mix, a setup of four removable cores to be placed at critical locations in the cyclotron vault is optimised. We report on the experimental and simulation monitoring setup design. Our validated BDSIM/FISPACT-II methodology combines particle tracking and Monte-Carlo particle-matter interactions simulations using Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM) and the computation of the activation using FISPACT-II. We show that the evaluation of the short-term activation of the cores is essential to the measurement analysis. We detail a hybrid workflow based on numerical simulations that uses logging data of the workloads of the clinical and research beam production and experimental measurements to evaluate and monitor the short- and long-term activation at any point during the centre lifetime and decommissioning period. The activation of the cores using a realistic foreseen irradiation pattern is studied, allowing for the characterisation of the measurement process and radiation protection considerations related to the measurement campaign. The final experimental setup and the supporting online simulation tools are discussed in detail.
CMB two-point angular correlation function in the Ellipsoidal Universe
Authors: Cea Paolo
Published: March 2023

We suggest that the Ellipsoidal Universe cosmological model, proposed several years ago to account for the low quadrupole temperature–temperature correlation of the Cosmic Microwave Background, can also provide temperature–temperature two-point angular correlation function in reasonable agreement with Planck observations.
SOLITON SOLUTIONS FOR THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL LOCAL FRACTIONAL BOUSSINESQ EQUATION
Authors: YIN KUN , YAN XINGJIE
Published: March 2023

In this work we study the two-dimensional local fractional Boussinesq equation. Based on the basic definitions and properties of the local fractional derivatives and bilinear form, we studied the soliton solutions of non-differentiable type with the generalized functions defined on Cantor sets by using bilinear method. Meanwhile, we discuss the result when fractal dimension is 1, and compare it with the result when fractal dimension is [Formula: see text].
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS TO FRACTIONAL RICCATI EQUATION
Authors: NAVICKAS ZENONAS , TELKSNYS TADAS , TELKSNIENE INGA , MARCINKEVICIUS ROMAS , RAGULSKIS MINVYDAS
Published: March 2023

Analytical solutions to the fractional Riccati equation are considered in this paper. Solutions to fractional differential equations are expressed in the form of fractional power series in the Caputo algebra. It is demonstrated that solutions to higher-order Riccati fractional equations inherit some solutions from lower-order Riccati equations under special initial conditions. Such nested and fractal-like structure of solutions is investigated by means of analytical fractional differentiation operator techniques and computational experiments.
New Computational Technique for Solving Linear Programming Problem Subjected to Fuzzy Uncertainty
Authors: Xavier Dennis , Xavier Santhi Dennis , Behera Diptiranjan
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes two new computational methods for solving linear programming problem under trapezoidal and triangular fuzzy uncertainties with equality constraints. The coefficients of the constraints and the objective functions are assumed to be crisp. However, the decision variables and the right-hand side vector of the constraints are considered as uncertain in nature. The concepts of fuzzy addition and subtraction have been used to develop the proposed methods. In the first method, the coefficients are considered as non-negative, whereas mixed coefficients (i.e. both negative and non-negative) are considered in the second method. The obtained results are compared with Behera et al. [D. Behera, K. Peters and S. A. Edalatpanah, Alternative methods for linear programming problem under triangular fuzzy uncertainty, Journal of Statistics and Management Systems, 25 (2022) 521–539; D. Behera, K. Peters, S. A. Edalatpanah and D. Qiu, New methods for solving imprecisely defined linear programming problem under trapezoidal fuzzy uncertainty, Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, 42 (2021) 603–629], and Saati et al. [S. Saati, M. Tavana, A. Hatami-Marbini and E. Hajiakhondi, A fuzzy linear programming model with fuzzy parameters and decision variables, International Journal of Information and Decision Sciences, 7 (2015) 312–333.] for the validation.
Digital twin-driven robotic arm operation simulation and health management research
Authors: Li Guofang , Yang Kang , Dong Zhiyu , Ji Xiaoli , Wu Shaopei
Published: March 2023

To reduce the complexity of monitoring and management of robots in service, a six-axis robot control system based on digital twin is proposed. Based on 3D printing technology, a six-axis robot is developed. At the same time, the kinematics of the robot is analyzed, and its kinematics model is built using the D-H rule. The forward and reverse kinematics of the robot are solved. Through the two-way data interaction between the model layer and the entity layer, the simulation operation of the robot and the twin synchronous operation of the virtual real robot are realized. Based on the real-time data drive, the key parameters of the robot are monitored, and the health parameter table of the current, voltage, joint vibration, and other parameters of the robot system is established. Based on the idea of comparison of the same kind, the abnormal state detection of the robot is realized through quantitative analysis. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed system is verified by experiments.
An extreme convolutional network model for brain disease prediction using smote and learning approaches
Authors: Ravinder N. , Mohammed Moulana
Published: March 2023

Brain disease is considered a major cause of increased mortality worldwide. Clinical decision support system (CDSS) is utilized for predicting individuals with brain disease in its earlier state. This work proposes a novel disease prediction approach for earlier prediction by handling the dataset issues, where an improved SMOTE sampling approach is used for balancing the target data distribution. Then, Extreme Convolutional Network Model ([Formula: see text] is used for predicting the disease with better accuracy. For the validation purpose, two publicly available ADNI-1 and ADNI-2 online datasets are used for the model construction, and the outcomes are compared with other techniques like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Voxel-based SVM (VW-SVM), standard Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Deep Neural Network (DNN) and Weighted-Score Multimodal DNN (WS-MTDNN). The outcomes show that the proposed [Formula: see text] model outperforms various existing approaches with 94% and 95% accuracies on the input ADNI-1 and ADNI-2 datasets. Also, the CDSS-based framework is designed to assist the doctors in critical cases and help reduce the mortality rate.
Part-of-Speech Tagging of Odia Language Using Statistical and Deep Learning Based Approaches
Authors: Dalai Tusarkanta , Mishra Tapas Kumar , Sa Pankaj K.
Published: March 2023

Automatic part-of-speech (POS) tagging is a preprocessing step of many natural language processing tasks, such as named entity recognition, speech processing, information extraction, word sense disambiguation, and machine translation. It has already gained promising results in English and European languages. However, in Indian languages, particularly in the Odia language, it is not yet well explored because of the lack of supporting tools, resources, and morphological richness of the language. Unfortunately, we were unable to locate an open source POS tagger for the Odia language, and only a handful of attempts have been made to develop POS taggers for the Odia language. The main contribution of this research work is to present statistical approaches such as the maximum entropy Markov model and conditional random field (CRF), as well as deep learning based approaches, including the convolutional neural network (CNN) and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) to develop the Odia POS tagger. A publicly accessible corpus annotated with the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) tagset is used in our work. However, most of the languages around the globe have used the dataset annotated with the Universal Dependencies (UD) tagset. Hence, to maintain uniformity, the Odia dataset should use the same tagset. Thus, following the BIS and UD guidelines, we constructed a mapping from the BIS tagset to the UD tagset. The maximum entropy Markov model, CRF, Bi-LSTM, and CNN models are trained using the Indian Languages Corpora Initiative corpus with the BIS and UD tagsets. We have experimented with various feature sets as input to the statistical models to prepare a baseline system and observed the impact of constructed feature sets. The deep learning based model includes the Bi-LSTM network, the CNN network, the CRF layer, character sequence information, and a pre-trained word vector. Seven different combinations of neural sequence labeling models are implemented, and their performance measures are investigated. It has been observed that the Bi-LSTM model with the character sequence feature and pre-trained word vector achieved a result with 94.58% accuracy.
Multi-view Ensemble Clustering via Low-rank and Sparse Decomposition: From Matrix to Tensor
Authors: Zhang Xuanqi , Shen Qiangqiang , Chen Yongyong , Zhang Guokai , Hua Zhongyun , Su Jingyong
Published: March 2023

As a significant extension of classical clustering methods, ensemble clustering first generates multiple basic clusterings and then fuses them into one consensus partition by solving a problem concerning graph partition with respect to the co-association matrix. Although the collaborative cluster structure among basic clusterings can be well discovered by ensemble clustering, most advanced ensemble clustering utilizes the self-representation strategy with the constraint of low-rank to explore a shared consensus representation matrix in multiple views. However, they still encounter two challenges: (1)

high computational cost

caused by both the matrix inversion operation and singular value decomposition of large-scale square matrices; (2)

less considerable attention on high-order correlation

attributed to the pursue of the two-dimensional pair-wise relationship matrix. In this article, based on low-rank and sparse decomposition from both matrix and tensor perspectives, we propose two novel multi-view ensemble clustering methods, which tangibly decrease computational complexity. Specifically, our first method utilizes low-rank and sparse matrix decomposition to learn one common co-association matrix, while our last method constructs all co-association matrices into one third-order tensor to investigate the high-order correlation among multiple views by low-rank and sparse tensor decomposition. We adopt the alternating direction method of multipliers to solve two convex models by dividing them into several subproblems with closed-form solution. Experimental results on ten real-world datasets prove the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed two multi-view ensemble clustering methods by comparing them with other advanced ensemble clustering methods.
Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase is required for water excretion in response to acute hypotonic stress
Authors: Zuchowski Yvonne , Carty Joshua , Terker Andrew S. , Bock Fabian , Trapani Jonathan B. , Bhave Gautam , Watts Jason A. , Keller Susanna , Zhang Mingzhi , Zent Roy , Harris Raymond C. , Arroyo Juan Pablo
Published: March 2023

Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) degrades vasopressin, but its role in urinary concentration and dilution is unknown. Here, we show that IRAP-deficient mice have a high urinary osmolality at baseline and are unable to excrete free water in response to water loading. These results reveal a novel regulatory role for IRAP in urine concentration and dilution.
STIM1 ablation impairs exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy and dysregulates autophagy in mouse hearts
Authors: Bonilla Ingrid M. , Baine Stephen , Pokrass Anastasia , Mariángelo Juan Ignacio Elio , Kalyanasundaram Anuradha , Bogdanov Vladimir , Mezache Louisa , Sakuta Galina , Beard Casey M. , Belevych Andriy , Tikunova Svetlana , Terentyeva Radmila , Terentyev Dmitry , Davis Jonathan , Veeraraghavan Rengasayee , Carnes Cynthia A. , Györke Sandor
Published: March 2023

Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) has been implicated in pathological cardiac hypertrophy; however, its role in physiological hypertrophy is unknown. Here we report that SOCE is also essential for physiological cardiac hypertrophy and functional adaptations in response to endurance exercise. These adaptations were associated with activation of AKT/mTOR pathway and curtailed cardiac autophagy and degeneration. Thus, SOCE is a common mechanism and an important bifurcation point for signaling paths involved in physiological and pathological hypertrophy.
Epidemiology and Molecular Characterizations of Coronavirus from Companion Animals Living in Chengdu, Southwest China
Authors: Zhang Yingying , You Lan , Zou Yue , He Xun , Wu Shanshan , Yang Fen , Xu Xin , Pei Xiaofang , Chen Jiayi
Published: March 2023

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has once again caught the attention of people on the probable zoonotic transmission from animals to humans, but the role of companion animals in the coronavirus (CoV) epidemiology still remains unknown. The present study was aimed to investigate epidemiology and molecular characterizations of CoVs from companion animals in Chengdu city, Southwest China. 523 clinical samples from 393 animals were collected from one veterinary hospital between 2020 and 2021, and the presence of CoVs was detected by end-point PCR using pan-CoV assay targeting the RdRp gene. Partial and complete S genes were sequenced for further genotyping and genetic diversity analysis. A total of 162 (31.0%, 162/523) samples and 146 (37.2%, 146/393) animals were tested positive for CoVs. The positive rate in rectal swabs was higher than that in eye/nose/mouth swabs and ascitic fluid but was not statistically different between clinically healthy and diseased ones. Genotyping identified twenty-two feline enteric coronavirus (FCoV) I, four canine enteric coronavirus (CECoV) I, fourteen CECoV IIa, and one CECoV IIb, respectively. Eight complete S genes, including one canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) strain, were successfully obtained. FCoV strains (F21071412 and F21061627) were more closely related to CECoV strains than CRCoV, and C21041821-2 showed potential recombination event. In addition, furin cleavage site between S1 and S2 was identified in two strains. The study supplemented epidemiological information and natural gene pool of CoVs from companion animals. Further understanding of other functional units of CoVs is needed, so as to contribute to the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases.
Closure Scheme Analysis of 3 × 70 m Bearingless Integral Rigid Frame Bridge of Fuzhou Xiamen High-Speed Railway
Authors: Weng Fangwen , Li Xiangui
Published: March 2023

The hydrodynamic problems associated with the construction of the sea-crossing bridge were proposed. The deep-water approach bridge on both sides of the main bridge of Fuzhou Xiamen high-speed railway adopts the bearingless prestressed concrete integral rigid frame bridge for the first time in the domestic railway bridge design. The rigid frame bridge applies the hanging basket cantilever construction, and there are several options for closure. Because the bridge structure system changes before and after closure, which will cause the redistribution of bridge internal force, the results of internal force redistribution will be different with the sequence and position of closure, and sometimes, there will be great changes. In order to select the optimal closure scheme, this article establishes the finite element model of the whole bridge and analyzes the whole construction process according to the working conditions and the mechanical state of the bridge before closure is obtained. Based on this state, eight closure schemes are analyzed and studied, which provides a sufficient mechanical basis for the determination of the final closure construction scheme.