bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental activism during communist era in Slovenia
Authors: Oset Željko
Published: January 2020

Upon 1945, the Yugoslavian communist leadership put in motion ambitious strategy of industrialization and modernization regardless of costs, hence gradually evolving issues of environmental degradation were placed in a subservient position. Some planners deemed environmental degradation a necessary evil in order to fulfill pledges of development, progress, and better living standard. However, from the 1970s onwards environmental issues were addressed in urban planning, improvement of central-heating systems, by setting out emission thresholds, and mandatory environment clearance for credits approval for corporative entities, but law enforcement was not upheld to the highest standards and in full.
The League of Communists of Slovenia allowed rather loosely knitted grass-roots environmental enthusiasts since the late 1960s; groups were comprised with well-educated citizens, which were mostly keen mountaineers. Environmentalists were especially active in urban areas mostly dealing with local issues (urban planning, sewage systems, contamination of the tap water, and excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers).
In 1971, local environmental societies merged into the Association for Environmental Protection in Slovenia (AEPS), which in the late 1970s focused broadened scope of activities, mainly against the construction of hydroelectric power installations on the Soča River and the Mura River, and the Nuclear Power Plant Krško after the Chernobyl accident. In the 1970s, in Yugoslavia and Slovenia as well, concurrently with the West, modern legislation for environmental protection was adopted, and new self-government bodies for environmental issues comprising with politicians, lawyers, scientists, and environmentalists were established; thus the influence of AEPS somehow diminished. The Slovenian government increased finances for research, and at the same time in the environmental debates replaced politicians with technocrats, who proved to be unwilling listeners to environmentalists' complaints and suggestions. The environmentalists were accused by a top-level politician of being exaggerators, followers of Western initiatives and in general obstructers of development.
In 1980s environmentalists broadened its ranks and scope of activities, especially after the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident. Environmental societies and society were attracting people who were interested in changes but did not want to risk direct political opposition and the consequences of this type of direct dissent. Slovenian environmental groups played an important role during the democratization. In 1989 they even established a political party ‘Zeleni Slovenije’ (Greens of Slovenia). The party was a partner in the first post-communist Slovenian government (1990-1992), and they successfully pushed for incorporation of ‘green policies’ in the Slovenian legislation.
Cost of Illness Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dan Komplikasinya pada Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) di Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Condong Catur Yogyakarta
Authors: Putri Rr. Erni Kusuma , Darmawan Endang , Perwitasari Dyah Aryani
Published: January 2020

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires lifelong therapy and high service costs so that the use of antidiabetic drugs affects the patient's therapeutic costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the cost of outpatient type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy for National Health Insurance (JKN) participants in Condong Catur Hospital Yogyakarta. The research method used is observational. The parameters measured are calculating the average direct medical costs (drug costs, doctor's examination and consultation fees, laboratory costs, medical treatment costs), and comparison between the costs of oral drugs, insulin, oral and insulin. The results of normality tests with Shapiro-Wilk (microvascular, microvascular and macrovascular), Kolmogorrov-Smirnov (macrovascular) p0.05 indicate that data are not normally distributed, the results of the Kruskal Wallis test of the three groups (microvascular, macrovascular, microvascular and microvascular) show that differences are not normally distributed significant (p = 0.001).The results showed that the microvascular group therapy costs Rp 3,164,733.58 per month, the macrovascular group Rp 9,984,566.85 per month, the microvascular and macrovascular groups Rp 11,260,372.39 per month. The cost of therapy is based on the microvascular group drug Rp. 408,567.78 per month, the macrovascular group Rp. 1,245,987.48 per month, the microvascular and macrovascular groups Rp. 1,786,270.68 per month so that statistically from the three complications groups show significant differences p = 0,001 (p 0,005). The difference in the difference between the total real costs and the total INA-CBG's rates, the microvascular group Rp -38,741.14 per patient, the macrovascular group Rp -10,914.03 per patient, while in the microvascular and macrovascular group Rp 3,272.90 per patient shows that from to three groups of complications were not significantly different p = 0.207 (p 0.005). Statistically it can be concluded that the cost of therapy based on antidiabetic drugs in the three groups of complications shows a significant difference. There is no significant difference in the difference between the real costs in the three groups of complications
Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Herba Apu-Apu (Pistia stratiotes) dan Fraksi-Fraksinya Sebagai Antioksidan Dengan Metode DPPH
Authors: Dianasari Dewi , Firdiyansari Irawati
Published: January 2020

Free radicals play an important role in cell damage and degenerative diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, premature aging and others. Compounds that can inhibit free radicals are antioxidants. One of the plants that has a high phenolic compound and can be a source of natural antioxidants, apu-apu or Pistia stratiotes. This research was conducted to scientifically prove the antioxidant activity of the apu-apu herbal extract (Pistia stratiotes) and its fractions by the DPPH method. The sample used in the form of all parts apu-apu (apu-apu herb) obtained from the Sumbersari District, Jember Regency. In this study the DPPH method was used with a DPPH concentration of 0.1 mM, incubation time of ethanol extract 40 minutes, fraction of n-hexane 50 minutes, ethyl acetate fraction 45 minutes, ethanol-water fraction 40 minutes,vitamin C 35 minutes and measured at wavelength 517 nm . The results of the average antioxidant activity (IC50) were apu-apu herbal extract 16.675 µg / mL ± 0.239, n-hexane fraction 29.915 µg / mL ± 0.156, ethyl acetate fraction 11.875 µg / mL ± 0.038, ethanol-water fraction 9.090 µg / mL ± 0.156, ethyl acetate fraction 11.875 µg / mL ± 0.038, ethanol-water fraction 9.090 µg / mL ± 0.156, ethyl acetate fraction 11.875 µg / mL ± 0.038 / mL ± 0.122, and vitamin C 3.263 µg / mL ± 0.032. Vitamin C as a positive control had the highest activity, whereas the apu-apu sample which had the highest antioxidant activity was the ethanol-water fraction, and the lowest was the n-hexane fraction. The conclusion of this study is apu-apu herbal ethanol extract and its fractions have antioxidant activity, from high to low sequentially: ethanol-water fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, apu-apu herbaceous fraction, n- fraction hexane.
Geopolítica crítica: alcances, límites y aportes para los estudios internacionales en Sudamérica
Authors: Cabrera Toledo Lester
Published: January 2020

Este artículo tiene por objetivo discutir, en términos epistemológicos, teóricos y metodológicos, el concepto de geopolítica crítica y su vinculación con los estudios internacionales. Así, se analizarán los alcances, límites y aportes del concepto, comparando entre los postulados clásicos y críticos de la geopolítica, y estableciendo un vínculo con la realidad sudamericana, región en la que el conocimiento geopolítico ha tenido un desarrollo relevante. Se concluye que es necesaria la vinculación entre la noción clásica y crítica de la geopolítica, con el objetivo de lograr una actualización de los postulados de la disciplina que priman en Sudamérica.
Trade-off between obesity and tobacco consumption
Authors: Garbero María Noelia , Lara María Inés , Serio Monserrat
Published: January 2020

Recent evidence suggests that obesity and tobacco prevalence rates are moving in the opposite direction. This study examines the causal relationship between these variables in Argentina. The effects of tobacco consumption on body weight are estimated by using instrumental variables to address endogeneity problems. To this end, the entry into force of provincial laws on tobacco control at different times are exploited. Our results show that smoking has a negative impact on three weight measures (BMI, weight in kilograms, obesity rate). This ﬁnding suggests that anti-smoking measures should be complemented with nutritional controls and the promotion of physical exercise.
As construções socioteológicas das manifestações marianas | The sociotheological constructions of the Marian manifestations
Authors: Passos João Décio
Published: January 2020

A presente reflexão centra-se no conceito de mariofania e visa apresentar a compreensão e o uso desse conceito. Para tanto serão utilizadas referências analíticas das ciências da religião e da teologia, além de referências empíricas recolhidas de algumas expressões marianas. Em um primeiro momento, será feita uma aproximação pela via das ciências da religião e, em seguida, pela via da teologia. Entende-se, assim, que a primeira via é mediação analítica para a segunda, embora o pressuposto da fé mantenha o clima da reflexão e a sustente como motivação fundamental. A teologia que pede a intelecção das ciências da religião parte do fenômeno de Fátima decodificado em seus processos histórico-sociais, levantando interrogações sobre seu significado no âmbito da tradição cristã, concretamente da fé pensada que pensa a sua própria práxis na vida do povo de Deus.
The effect of family interference with work on attitudes and behaviors of married working women
Authors: Choi Kyuhyun , Park Kyungkyu
Published: January 2020

This study has following objectives. (1) examining the effects of role pressure at home on work performance for married working women by focusing on FIW(family interference with work). (2) investigating relationship between FIW and employee’s behavior(in-role behavior and extra role behavior) that affects organizational effectiveness. (3) exploring the moderating effects of supervisor support and positive psychological capital on the relation between FIW and job burnout. This research was undertaken using data from 193 married women employees and 67 relevant team managers who have the rights to allocate team tasks and to evaluate employee’s performance. The results can be summarized as follows. (1) FIW has effect on job burnout of married womon employees. (2) job burnout related with FIW has effect on both in-role behavior and extra-role behavior. Especially, job burnout has fully mediating role between FIW and extra-role behavior, compared to partially mediating role between FIW and in-role behavior for married woman employees. (3) moderating effect was shown from supervisor support and positive psychological capital in relationship between FIW and job burnout. This research provides implications on how to understand the married woman employees’ FIW and resolve it. Finally, the implications and limitations of this research and the directions for future study were discussed.
Historiografi Korupsi di Indonesia: Resensi Buku Korupsi dalam Silang Sejarah Indonesia
Authors: Miftakhuddin Miftakhuddin
Published: January 2020

This review aims to describe the contents of the book, analyze how the book reaches its objectives, and how the author's perspective in presenting his arguments and ideas. The review was conducted by using the report method proposed by Bond (1964). Overall, this book has three weaknesses. Firstly, Carey's writings were not well-translated, so it might complicate nonscholar readers. Secondly, discussion in the first two chapters strays from the topic of "corruption". Thirdly, this book tends to more like an anthology book (it does not seem unified). However, each chapter was written objectively and comparably. In terms of the organization of its ideas, the script of Margana and Carey appears to have been written in strict rules of historical research, both heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Moreover, in Chapter IV, the construct has written in investigative writing by former journalist, Haryadi. It will make the readers' reasoning skills more analytical, critical and anticipatory. In conclusion, this book is a worthy reference for everyone who concerns on corruption issues in Indonesia, mainly due to its incisive analysis by experts and historians.Review ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan konten buku, menganalisis bagaimana buku mencapai tujuannya, dan bagaimana perspektif penulis dalam menyajikan argumen dan gagasannya. Review dituliskan dengan report method yang diusulkan Bond (1964). Secara keseluruhan, buku ini mempunyai tiga kelemahan. Pertama, tulisan Carey tidak diterjemahkan dengan baik, sehingga mungkin akan menyulitkan pembaca umum. Kedua, pembicaraan di dua bab pertama menyimpang terlalu jauh dari “korupsi”. Ketiga, buku ini lebih seperti buku antologi, sehingga terkesan tidak menyatu. Namun demikian, setiap bab dalam buku ini ditulis secara objektif dan berimbang. Ditinjau dari organisasi ide pokoknya, teks dari Margana dan Carey tampak ditulis mengikuti kaidah riset sejarah secara ketat, baik heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, maupun historiografi. Terlebih lagi pada Bab IV yang ditulis dengan nuansa investigatif oleh mantan wartawan Haryadi, akan membuat daya nalar pembaca menjadi lebih analitis, kritis, dan antisipatif.
Annual Reviewer Acknowledgement
Authors: Editor Chief
Published: January 2020

The editorial team of the journal would like to thank the reviewers for their work in referring manuscripts during 2016.
Kompos dari Kulit Singkong Usaha Pemerdayaan Limbah Lokal
Authors: Mita Sismita Sari
Published: January 2020

Cassava leather waste is one of the waste that has great potential can be used as compost fertilizer. Compost can be used as a substitute of artificial fertilizer at a very low cost. Compost works in the improvement of soil structure, soil texture, aeration, and increased soil water absorption capacity. The objective of this program is to make cassava leather compost as a solution of waste utilization from abundant crop residues available in partner villages. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, namely the success of composting is assessed based on the color, aroma, and texture produced. activities starting from the preparation of raw materials of cassava leather, enumeration using enumerators, preparation and breeding activator, composting mealui stages; stacking, EM4 delivery, reversing, maturation, screening, maintenance and control in composting, packaging and storage processes. The result showed that mature cassava compost had nearly 50% shrinkage, had crumbly texture when held, moist, blackish brown color, and no smell (smell the ground).
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI BOKASHI PLUS T PADA KELOMPOK PETANI ORGANIK DI DESA MINASA BAJI KECAMATAN BANTIMURUNG
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Leli Isnaini Junyah
Published: January 2020

The Farmers in Minasa Baji village generally have used organic fertilizer in the form of cow dung is quite abundant in this village, in addition to chemical fertilizers (Urea, SP36, and KCl) as a source of plant nutrients. However, since cow dung is given to plants without going through the correct decomposition process, so not only does it contribute to the growth of the plant, potentially even becoming a pest and disease nest. On the other hand, as the loss of chemical fertilizer subsidies, the scarcity of chemical fertilizers and high prices in the market become a constraint farmers in the fulfillment of nutrient needs. Therefore, to anticipate the scarcity and high prices of chemical fertilizers, which tend to rise and the frequent occurrence of scarcity, it needs to look for an environmentally friendly substitute and able to substitute nutrient needs. Trichoderma technology that will produce Bokashi Plus T is able to meet the problem. The method of implementation consists of 3 methods: (1). Participatory education, (2) Training (demonstration and practice by participants), (3) Coaching and Assistance. The results of this activity are: (1) partners know the importance of using Trichoderma technology in the manufacture of organic fertilizer bokashi Plus T, (2) the partner is able to multiply his own bokashi starter, 3) Partners are able to own production Bokashi Plus T, 4) partners skilled apply bokashi independently in planting according to SOP.Â Keywords: Organic Farmers, Bokashi Plus T, Trichoderma
Atratividade docente entre os ingressantes no curso de Pedagogia
Authors: Silva Kíssila Ferreira Magro da , Corrêa Carla Patrícia Quintanilha
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo discute a atratividade docente entre os ingressantes no Curso de Pedagogia. O objetivo foi conhecer a motivação para o ingresso dos alunos no primeiro período do curso, uma vez que a profissão docente parece estar desvalorizada. O artigo descreve e analisa o contexto atual da docência, destaca a questão da valorização docente e da atratividade da carreira. Traz ainda os resultados de pesquisa de campo realizada com os 65 alunos do 1º período do Curso de Pedagogia, de uma instituição estadual, em um município do estado do Rio de Janeiro/Brasil, que responderam a um questionário no 2° semestre de 2018. A pesquisa indica que o Curso de Pedagogia não era a primeira opção de curso superior da maior parte dos alunos, que o escolheram por diversos motivos. Os mais citados foram: gostar de trabalhar com crianças e a oportunidade de concluir os estudos.
A LINGUAGEM CORPORAL DE MOVIMENTO E A EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INFANTIL: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA FORMATIVA
Authors: Zanotto Luana , Ferreira Bruno Martins , Alves Fernando Donizete
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo relata as aprendizagens oriundas de um curso de formação de curta duração sobre a linguagem corporal de movimento e a Educação Infantil. Objetivou socializar os saberes e fazeres docentes para organizar a proposição de atividades lúdicas corporais em práticas pedagógicas. Conduzido por professores de Educação Física para pedagogas, a formação resultou na vivência de atividades e momentos de compreensão da linguagem corporal aliada à ludicidade, além de reflexões sobre como torná-la mais significativa nas intervenções pedagógicas. A análise da formação revelou o apreço das participantes em reconhecer as potencialidades das brincadeiras no desenvolvimento das crianças. Conclui-se com reflexões em torno das práticas pedagógicas de caráter lúdico que possam ser usufruídas na infância. Ademais, com percepções sobre o modo como ocorre a formação inicial e continuada de pedagogos para o trato pedagógico da motricidade infantil, que prescinde ações diferenciadas e contextualizadas ao perfil docente que lida com a infância. Palavras-chave: Formação docente. Educação física escolar. Pedagogia. Educação infantil.ABSTRACTThis article reports the learning from short duration training about movement body language and the children education. It aimed to socialize the teacher’s knowledge and skills to organize the proposition of body playful activities in the pedagogical practices. From Physical Education teachers to educators, the training showed the practice of activities and created comprehension of body language combined with playfulness, as well as reflections on how to make it more meaningful in pedagogical interventions. The training analyzes showed the participants’ appreciation for recognizing the potential of play in children’s development. It ended with reflections on the playful pedagogical practices that can be enjoyed in childhood. Moreover, it was finished with perceptions about the way of educator’s basic training and continued education for acting children’s motricity, that require differentiated and contextualized actions to the childcare workers profile.Keywords: Teacher training. School physical education. Pedagogy course. Children education.
MÍDIA, MULHER E CORPO: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO DOCUMENTÁRIO “O CORPO É MEU”
Authors: Santos Wolney Nascimento , Zoboli Fabio , Mezzaroba Cristiano
Published: January 2020

O presente texto tem como objetivo analisar o curta-metragem sergipano “O corpo é meu (2014)”, de Luciana Oliveira Vieira, interpelando o corpo da mulher como suporte material da mídia a partir das narrativas trazidas pela diretora na obra fílmica. O escrito se propõe a desnaturalizar as práticas que usam o corpo da mulher para fazer girar as engrenagens do capitalismo neoliberal relegando-as a objetos de consumo ou a corpos consumidores. Acredita-se que o documentário analisado foi representativo na medida em que se propõe a abalar e transformar pela – e na – luta coletiva de mulheres as dinâmicas tradicionais e conservadoras da sociedade. “O corpo é meu” se torna um mecanismo simbólico, uma produção cultural descolonizadora que evidencia a captura dessa transformação no estado de Sergipe, como parte de uma dinâmica cultural nacional e internacional comprometida com a ressignificação da existência da mulher.Palavras-chave: Documentário “O corpo é meu”. Mídia. Mulher. Corpo.ABSTRACTThe present text aims to analyze the 2014 short film from Sergipe called “O corpo é meu” by Luciana Oliveira Vieira questioning the woman’s body as material support of the media from the narratives brought by the director in the film work. The writing proposes to denaturalize practices that use women’s bodies to spin the gears of neoliberal capitalism by relegating them to consumer objects or consumer bodies. It is believed that the analyzed documentary was representative in that it proposes to shake and transform through – and within – the collective struggle of women the traditional and conservative dynamics of society. “It’s my body” becomes a symbolic mechanism, a decolonizing cultural production that highlights the capture of this transformation in the state of Sergipe, as part of a national and international cultural dynamic committed to the re-signification of women’s existence.Keywords: Documentary “O corpo é meu”. Media. Woman. Body.
Tratamento cirúrgico de varizes de membros inferiores em paciente hemofílico: relato de caso / Surgical treatment of lower limb varicose veins in a hemophiliac patient: case report
Authors: Campos Camila Teixeira , Oliveira Romulo Teixeira de , Paula Wanderley De , Alves Ygor Minassa
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Relatar uma situação rara na especialidade cirúrgica vascular, aparentemente ainda sem documentação de experiência semelhante e que consiste no tratamento cirúrgico de varizes de membros inferiores em paciente hemofílico e com sintomatologia venosa. Relato de caso: Procedimento cirúrgico realizado no Hospital Evangélico de Vila Velha, no setor de Cirurgia Vascular no ano de 2018, em paciente hemofílico e portador de veias varicosas primárias sintomáticas em membros inferiores. Realizado intervenção cirúrgica convencional com safenectomia bilateral e ressecção de varizes tronculares com infusão endovenosa de fator VIII no pré-operatório e nos 10 dias subsequentes. Necessitou de acompanhamento multidisciplinar incluindo hematologista e apresentou evolução satisfatória, sem intercorrências hemorrágicas. O paciente retornou no 14º de pós-operatório sem complicações. Concluímos que é perfeitamente possível a realização de cirurgia venosa de varizes com técnica convencional em paciente portador de doença hemofílica, bastando para isso a recomendada infusão de fator VIII.Descritores: Hemofilia A, Varizes, Procedimentos cirúrgicos vascularesAbstractObjective: To report a rare situation in the vascular surgical specialty, apparently still without documentation of similar experience, which consists in the surgical treatment of lower limb varicose veins in a hemophiliac patient with venous symptomatology. Case report: Surgical procedure performed at the Evangelical Hospital of Vila Velha, in the Vascular Surgery sector in 2018, in a hemophilic patient with symptomatic primary varicose veins in the lower limbs. Conventional surgical intervention was performed with bilateral saphenous vein resection and trunk varicose vein resection with intravenous factor VIII infusion preoperatively and in the 10 subsequent days. It was required multidisciplinary follow-up including hematologist and presented satisfactory evolution, without hemorrhagic complications. The patient returned in the 14th postoperative period without complications. It was concluded that to perform varicose vein surgery with conventional technique in a patient with hemophilic disease is perfectly possible with the recommended factor VIII infusion.Keywords: Hemophilia A, Varicose veins, Vascular surgery procedures
Qualidade de vida de agentes penitenciários /Quality of life of penitentiary agents
Authors: Stradiotti Kamila Motta , Stradiotti Jane Maria Motta , Souza José Carlos Rosa Pires , Mello Matheus Gonçalves Chaves , Souza Vítor Cruz Rosa Pires , Rigo Giovanna Maria
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) dos Servidores Penitenciários do Estado de MS em relação às condições de trabalho e a saúde geral. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, quantitativa de corte transversal. Foram avaliados 120 servidores da AGEPEN, sendo 10 para o estudo piloto. Para a coleta de dados foram aplicados o questionário sócio-demográfico, questionário de SG de Goldberg e o questionário de QV geral WHOQOL-abreviado. Para a análise descritiva estatística foram utilizados o Teste de diferenças de médias, o Teste de análise de variância (ANOVA), o Teste de correlação Linear de Pearson e o Teste Qui Quadrado. Resultados: Os resultados do instrumento WHOQOL-abreviado demonstraram que quanto maior grau de instrução menor a qualidade de vida no domínio psicológico; os casados, oficiais, maior renda e os que dormem mais apresentam melhor QV; os que utilizam remédios para dormir ou já tiveram afastamento do serviço apresentam menor QV. No QSG-60 os resultados foram de encontro aos encontrados no instrumento WHOQOL-abreviado. Conclusão: Os participantes possuem uma percepção significativa da capacidade laboral. A presente pesquisa poderá contribuir como suporte na elaboração do plano de ações visando à promoção da saúde e à prevenção de doenças e, consequentemente, melhor QV e SM dos servidores.Descritores: Saúde mental, Saúde do trabalhador, Qualidade de Vida, Prisões                      Abstract Objective: Evaluate the quality of life among penitentiary servers in Mato Grosso do Sul – AGEPEN, related with work conditions and general health state. Method. This is a descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study. 120 AGEPEN servers were evaluated, of which 10 were pilots. To collect the data three instruments were used: a socio-demographic questionnaire, Goldberg General Health questionnaire and WHOQOL- short questionnaire.  3 tests were applied for statistical analyzes: Average absolute deviation, Pearson’s correlation and Chi-square distribution. Results. The results of the WHOQOL-abbreviated instrument demonstrated the higher the level of education the lower the quality of life in the psychological area; married, official, higher income and who sleep more have better QoL; sleeping pills users or who have had their services removed have a lower QOL. In the QSG-60 the results were against those found in WHOQOL-abbreviated.  Conclusion. The participants have significant perception of their quality of life and general health state relationship with working capacity. This survey will contribute supporting the creation of a plan to implement a policy of actions in favor of the servants aiming to improve their health, prevent diseases and consequently improve their quality of life.Key words: Mental health, Occupational health, Quality of life, Prisons
Fragment-Based Design of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis InhA Inhibitors
Authors: Sabbah Mohamad , Mendes Vitor , Vistal Robert G. , Dias David M. G. , Záhorszká Monika , Mikušová Katarina , Korduláková Jana , Coyne Anthony , Blundell Tom. L. , Abell Chris
Published: January 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of mortality amongst infectious diseases worldwide. InhA, an enoyl ACP-reductase, has been the focus of numerous drug discovery efforts as this is the target of the first line pro-drug isoniazid. However, with resistance to this drug becoming more common the aim has been to find new clinical candidates that directly inhibit this enzyme and that do not require activation by the catalase peroxidase KatG, thus circumventing the majority of the resistance mechanisms. In this work, the screening and validation of a fragment library is described and development of the fragment hits using a fragment growing strategy was employed which led to the development InhA inhibitors with affinities of up to 250 nM.
Thermodynamic Insights of Base Flipping in TNA Duplex: Force Fields, Salt Concentrations, and Free Energy Simulation Methods
Authors: Sun Zhaoxi , Zhang John Z. H.
Published: January 2020

Threofuranosyl nucleic acid (TNA) is an analogue of DNA. Its inter-nucleotide linkages are shifted from the wild-type 5'-to-3' one to the 3'-to-2' one. As a result, the number of covalent bonds between consecutive phosphates is reduced from 6 to 5. This leads to higher chemical stability, less reactive groups, and lower conformational flexibility. Experimental observations indicate that the interaction network is perturbed at the minimal level and the thermodynamic stability of the duplex is unaltered upon the TNA mutation. Whether computational modelling could reproduce this result will be studied in the base flipping of the middle T (DNA) residue or its T-to-TFT mutation (TNA). We applied the equilibrium free energy simulation and the nonequilibrium stratification method proposed previously in the base flipping case, proving the applicability of alternative free energy simulation protocols. As the force field is the main accuracy-limiting factor when converged phase space sampling is obtained, we benchmarked three popular AMBER force fields for nucleotides. The last-generation force fields include bsc1 and OL15, both of which perform similarly in reproducing the structures near the crystal conformation in previous benchmark studies. Our results indicate that all these three force fields provide similar descriptions of the base-paired state. However, with free energy simulation constructing the free energy profiles along the conformational change pathway, high-energy regions are explored and these three force fields behave differently. The bsc1 force field is found to perform best in reproducing the similarity of stabilities of DNA and TNA duplexes. The free energy barrier of base flipping under the OL15 force field is lowered modestly in TNA, and thus this force field is also usable. However, the bsc0 force field provides wrong results. The TNA duplex is significantly less stable than the DNA duplex. Therefore, the bsc0 force field is not recommended in any application in modern nucleotide simulations. The salt concentration in nucleotide simulations is another factor influencing the thermodynamics of the system. Previous reports conclude that the net-neutral and excess-salt simulations provide similar results. However, the simulation method limits the phase space region explored in previous computational modelling. Our free energy simulation explores high-energy regions, where the excess salt does affect the thermodynamic stability. The free energy barrier along the base flipping pathway is generally elevated upon the addition of excess salts, but the relative height of the free energy barriers in DNA and TNA duplexes is not significantly changed. This phenomenon emphasizes the importance of adding sufficient salts to reproduce the experimental condition.
(2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy)benzyl Aminoadamantane Conjugates as Probes to Investigate Specificity Determinants in Blocking Influenza M2 S31N and M2 WT Channels with Binding Kinetics and Simulations
Authors: Tzitzoglaki Christina , McGuire Kelly , Konstantinidi Athina , Lagarias Panagiotis , Hoffmann Anja , Wang Jun , Papanastasiou Ioannis , Fokina Nataliya A. , Schreiner Peter R. , Vázquez Santiago , Schmidtke Michaela , Busath David , Kolocouris Antonios
Published: January 2020

In an attempt to synthesize potent blockers of the influenza A M2 S31N proton channel with modifications of amantadine, we used MD simulations and MM-PBSA calculations to project binding modes of compounds 2-5, which are analogues of 1, a dual blocker. Blocking both the S31N mutant and the wild type (WT) M2, 1 is composed of amantadine linked to an aryl head group, (4-methoxy-2-hydroxy)-benzyl. Compound 6, used as control, has an 3-(thiophenyl)isoxazolyl aryl head group, and selectively blocks M2 S31N (but not WT) in an aryl head group “out” (i.e. N-ward) binding orientation. We then tested 1-6 as anti-virals in cell culture and for M2 binding efficacy with electrophysiology (EP). The new molecules 2-5 have a linker between the adamantane and amino group which can be as small as a CMe2 in rimantadine derivative 2, or longer like phenyl in 3. Alternatively, we explored the impact of expanding the diameter of adamantane with diamantyl or triamantyl in 4 and 5, respectively. Antiviral effects against A/WSN/33 and its M2 WT revertant (M2 N31S) were seen for all six compounds except for 5 vs. the native (S31N) virus and (as predicted from previous studies) 6 vs. the WT revertant. Compounds 1-5, projected to bind in a polar head group “in” (C-ward) orientation, strongly block proton currents through M2 WT expressed in voltage-clamped oocytes with fast association rate constants (kon), and slow dissociation rate constants (koff). Surprisingly, 2-5, projected to bind in a polar head group out orientation, do not effectively block M2 S31N-mediated proton currents in EP. The results from MD and MM-PBSA calculations suggested that compounds 2-5 can be fully effective at blocking the M2 channel when present. The low degree of blocking in M2 S31N is due to their kinetics of binding observed in EP, i.e. two orders of magnitude reduction in kon compared to 6, and a fast off rate constant similar to that of 6, which is consistent with steered-MDsimulations. The low kon values can be interpreted from MD simulations, which suggest distortions to V27 cluster of the M2 S31N caused by the longer (even by one methylene) hydrophobic segment from adamantane to aryl head group, appropriate to fit from G34 to V27. The deformations in the N-terminus may be sufficiently energetic for 2-5 (compared to 6) to cause the observed low kon.
Search for Multi-Stage Mutation Resistant HIV Drug: A DFT Study
Authors: Bag Arijit
Published: January 2020

Recent advances of computational methodology to predict the important properties of a drug, like IC50, LogP, CC50, etc., assist in model and in-silico characterization of these compounds as a drug for variant deadly diseases. With the help of these methodologies, the drug potency of thio-propionate derivatives of iron, ruthenium and osmium carbonyl clusters which are less toxic, water soluble and easy metabolic, are tested as HIV drug along with their metabolic probability study. It is observed that IC50 of Ru5(CO)14(m -H)(m -S(CH2)2COO-)Na+ is only 220 picomole as HIV-1 capsid A inhibitor. Its inhibition activities in other enzymatic processes involved in the HIV life cycle in the human body are also studied and compared with the most used market available drugs. It is observed that this modeled compound shows excellent inhibition activities at different stages of HIV life-span inside the human body and could be considered as a multi-stage, mutation resistant HIV drug.
French Antisemitism during the Dreyfus Affair
Authors: Wistrich Robert S.
Published: January 2020

We are pleased to publish one of the last pieces that Robert Wistrich wrote, which is on antisemitism in France at the time of Alfred Dreyfus. It is published with an introductory essay by David Hirsh which looks at how the issues Wistrich highlights around the Dreyfus affair may be read in the contemporary context of the reemergence of antisemitism and populism into mainstream discourse.
EVALUACIÓN ESTRUCTURAL DE LAS PIEZAS DE MADERA EN CONSTRUCCIÓN HISTÓRICA CON EL USO DE ULTRASONIDO
Authors: Cunha Jessica Stefane Alves , Nogueira Marcelo , Santos Wedson Batista dos , Torres José Edson de Lima
Published: January 2020

El trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la sensibilidad del método del ultrasonido en la determinación del grado de sanidad de las piezas estructurales en madera que compone la fachada de la casa grande de la Hacienda Cachoeira do Taepe, Surubim, Pernambuco, Brasil. Se evaluaron siete pilares y cada pieza fueron marcados puntos a partir de la base cada 30 centímetros en el sentido longitudinal y midió el tiempo de propagación de la onda en cada punto marcado. El pilar uno, presentó lecturas con valores inferiores a 1000 m/s, mereciendo atención en la parte inferior y central de la pieza, necesitando reparaciones puntuales. En el pilar cinco se verificaron valores superiores a 2000 m/s casi en toda la extensión de la pieza. Los resultados apuntaron a la sensibilidad del método del ultrasonido en la evaluación del grado de degradación y comprometimiento de las piezas de madera utilizadas en estructuras y la consiguiente toma de decisión en cuanto a la restauración de la edificación, tomada por el Instituto del Patrimonio Histórico y Artístico Nacional (IPHAN).
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF BRAZILIAN PEPPER BASED ON QUALITATIVE REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS
Authors: Mascarenhas Maciel Gabriel , Janoni Carvalho Fábio , Soares de Oliveira Camila , José da Silveira Aline , Medeiros Pereira Lucas , Forigo Beloti Igor
Published: January 2020

In Brazil, pepper cultivation gives producers more marketing opportunities in various segments, either for fresh consumption or industry. Reproductive traits are efficient methods for comparing genetic divergence in pepper, once most differences among accessions could be verified at this stage. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic divergence in the reproductive phase of pepper accessions by multivariate analysis and test the efficiency of different methods. Sixty-five genotypes from the Federal University of UberlândiaCapsicum spp. Germplasm Bank were evaluated 145 days after sowing, and morphological characterization was performed at reproductive phase. Graphical representation of genetic distances was obtained by UPGMA. Tocher optimization method was also used to group accessions. Genotypes were arranged in seventeen different groups by Tocher method. UPGMA dendrogram collaborated with Tocher method, indicating the wide genetic variability of genotypes. Tocher and UPGMA methods were partially in agreement, allowing grouping 44 of the 65 analyzed accessionsequally. Multicategorical traits have the advantage of easy observation and require less time and labor, being ideal for use in gene bank and collections that do not have high human and financial resources. Moreover, these traits are not affected by the environment. Genetic divergence detected in this paper encourages other researchers to perform the characterization of pepper collections as completely as possible, because it becomes possible to generate more reliable information of the variability and genetic divergence among accessions. Our research discloses the reproductive biodiversity of pepper in “Alto Paranaíba” and “TriânguloMineiro” regions and the importance of maintaining these genotypes.
Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in patients of Chronic Hepatitis C.
Authors: Haq Najib Ul , Haq Momina , Salman Farzana , Haq Mohsina , Khattak Munaza , Usman Robina , Kashif Khan Arbab Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To determine and compare vitamin D status in chronic hepatitis C patients and normal healthy matching controls. Study Design: A case control study. Setting: A private clinic of Peshawar. Period: 1st November 2015 to 31st January 2016. Material & Methods: Fifty clinically normal young adults and fifty non cirrhotic chronic hepatitis C patients were included in the study. Vitamin D was determined by electro chemiluminescence. Student t test was used to analyze the data in SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age of the study population was 30.68+ 5. Vitamin D deficiency was divided into three categories. 21% of the study population had severe vitamin D deficiency, 33% had mild to moderate deficiency and 46% of the study population had normal levels. Females population were more vitamin D deficient as compared to males (p-value<0.05). Vitamin D levels were comparatively decreased in the non cirrhotic chronic hepatitis C patients. Statistically significant (p value <0.05) results were obtained while comparing means of serum vitamin D of non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis C patients with healthy matching controls. Conclusion: It is concluded from this study that a significant number of apparently healthy individual have low vitamin D level and some even fall in the severely deficient group without any active complains. Patients with chronic hepatitis C had rather increased levels of vitamin D as compared to normal healthy adults There might be some genetic factors underlying which affects the availability of Vitamin D.
Parotid gland tumors an evaluation at Tertiary Care Hospital.
Authors: Mohammed Agha Taj , Khuhawar Sajda , Gulsama Bibi , Shams Salman
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To evaluate epidemiological pattern, early diagnostic tool and histological type of parotid gland tumors. Study Design: Prospective cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery& General Surgery Liaquat University hospital Hyderabad. Period: From 2013 to 2017. Material & Methods: Study contains 67 patients of parotid tumors after initial diagnosis. These patients were first diagnosed by FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology) along with CT scan & MRI where required. Final diagnosis was established after histopathological diagnosis of tumor. Results: Males were predominantly involved in both tumor patterns. Most common age group was 5th decade in both benign and malignant tumors. FNAC has diagnostic sensitivity of almost 90-97%. Out of 67, 51 tumors were benign and 16 were malignant. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumor while mucoepidermoid carcinoma was found as most received malignant tumor. Conclusion: Pleomorphic adenoma is most commonly found benign tumor and mucoepidermoid carcinoma is found more in numbers as malignant tumor.
Seroprevalence of Syphilis in healthy blood donors of Lahore during year 2016 and 2017; An upcoming problem for Pakistan.
Authors: Zahoor Sarmad , Hameed Samreen , Iqbal Waqas , Rehman Hafeez ur , Rehman Naveed ur , Jaral Jamil
Published: January 2020

Blood transfusion has been proven as a common cause for contracting infectious diseases with 1.5 million donors each year in Pakistan carrying 1% risk of transfusion transmitted infections. Syphilis is one of them whose seroprevalence has been increasing in recent years. Thus, evaluation of its seroprevalence will give information about current burden of the disease. Objectives: To determine seroprevalence of syphilis among healthy blood donors of Lahore to assess disease burden for year 2016 and 2017. Study Design: Retrospective single centre cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary care hospital (Mayo Hospital) in Lahore with a referral base from all over Pakistan but predominantly from the Punjab province. Period: Two years (from January 2016 to December 2017). Material & Methods: The study was based on immune-chromatographic assay of antibodies to Treponema pallidum in human serum using Nantong Egens Syphilis detection Kits. This is a qualitative test and provides rapid screening for syphilis in blood donors. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 for prevalence study and mathematically for future prediction of its percentage. Results: A total of 76530 blood donors reported in the blood bank in two years. Out of these donors, 1720 were positive for TP antibody showing an overall percentage of 2.25%, 755 were positive in 2016 & 965 in 2017 with their percentages being 2.02% & 2.46% respectively. Conclusion: Percentage of syphilis has increased in year 2016 and 2017. This needs to be reduced by taking preventive measures and education to masses. Further work up of the patients who were TP positive is required.
Positive predictive value of BIRADS (Breast imaging reporting and data system) IV lesions in detection of carcinoma breast, using histopathology as a gold standard.
Authors: Mehdi Syed Anjum , Bukhari Hassan , Shabbir Irfan , Shabbir Sobia
Published: January 2020

Objective: To determine the Positive Predictive Value of BIRADS IV lesions in detection of carcinoma breast, using histopathology as a gold standard. Study Design: A Cross-Sectional study. Setting: Department of Radiology Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Period: From 01-09-2015 to 01-03-2016. Material & Methods: 93 female patients referred to radiology department were included after taking consent. Data were collected on structured proforma. The final diagnosis of the BIRASDS IV lesion seen on mammography has made by consultant. Then patients were sent for biopsy. Mammographic diagnose was then compared with the histopathological diagnose by consultant. The primary performance outcomes of diagnostic mammography like sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were evaluated. Results: The mean age of patients was 45.96±7.85years. There were 19 females had subcategory A, 22 had subcategory B and 52 females had subcategory C. The mean size of lump was 3.23±0.69cm. The mean duration of symptoms was 3.97±3.43months. On BIRADS IV, malignant lesion detected in 71 (76.3%) females while 22 (23.7%) females had benign lesion. On histopathology, malignant lesions detected in 50 (53.8%) females while 43 (46.2%) females had benign lesion. Findings of BIRADS IV were compared with histopathology and the PPV was 43.7% and NPV was 13.6%. Conclusion: Through findings of this study, we concluded that in comparison to histopathology, BIRADS IV had PPV of 43.7% and NPV of 13.6%. In some cases, we can rely on BIRADS-IV and skip interventional method including biopsy for diagnosis of breast lesion.
MEHMED ŞEMSEDDİN EFENDİ'NİN EZHÂR-I ŞEMSÎ ADLI BURSALI ŞAİRLER TEZKİRESİ
Authors: KOCATÜRK Olcay
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışma,
genel tarih araştırmalarının ve Osmanlı şiirinin temel kaynaklarından biri olan
tezkirelere odaklanmaktadır. Önce kısaca biyografi konusuna değinilecek, sonra
da Osmanlı tezkire geleneğinin son örneklerinden olan Ezhâr-ı Şemsî ve
onun yazarı Mehmed Şemseddin Efendi üzerinde durulacaktır. Şemseddin Ulusoy,
Bursa kültürüne ve tarihine büyük hizmetleri olmuş ve Mısrî Dergâhında hizmet
yürütmüş son şeyhtir. Elliden fazla eserinde Bursa’yı hece hece bütün
yönleriyle anlatmıştır. Ezhâr-ı Şemsî onun Bursalı şairleri derlediği
bir eserdir. Bu esere gerek Bursa’da doğan, gerek mezarı Bursa’da bulunan,
gerekse belli bir süre Bursa’da yaşamış, yani Bursa’yla herhangi bir bağı
bulunan bütün şairleri almıştır. Tezkirede şairler alfabe düzenine göre
sıralanır. Mehmed Şemseddin Efendi’nin aktardığı bilgilerin önemli bir bölümü
de doğrudan tanıklıklara dayanır. Zaman zaman da anlattığı şair hakkında veya
Bursa’da unutulmaya yüz tutmuş kimi âdetlere, çehresi değişmiş mekânlara ve
kaybolup gitmiş hatıralara dair ilgi çekici aktarımlarda bulunur. Bu tür
eserler, hem sanat tarihi hem de şehir tarihi bakımından zengin malzeme içerir.
Divan Şairi Diyor ki
Authors: GIYNAŞ Kamil Ali
Published: January 2020

Divan Şairi Diyor Ki, Dursun Ali TÖKEL’in muhtelif edebiyat dergilerinde yayımlanmış yazılarının toplandığı bir kitap. Kitapta 21 yazı var. İlk yazının başlığı “Dede Korkut ve Güvâhî Der ki: Ailede Mutluluk böyle sağlanır”dır. Bu yazıda ailede mutluluğun formülü Dede Korkut Hikâyeleri’ndeki Dirse Han ile Güvâhî’nin Pend-nâme’sindeki Behlül Dânâ hikâyesiyle anlatılmaktadır.