bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una propuesta para la clasificación emocional de un álbum a partir de la letra de sus canciones
Authors: Moreno Arboleda Francisco Javier , Duitama Muñoz John Freddy , Montoya Gómez Luis Fernando
Published: March 2016

Los grandes volúmenes de datos que se manejan actualmente demandan métodos automáticos para la extracción de conocimiento. En particular, la minería de texto se ocupa de la extracción de conocimiento a partir de textos. En este artículo se proponen dos algoritmos para determinar a partir de las letras de sus canciones, la tendencia emocional de un álbum. Se sigue un enfoque jerárquico: las categorías emocionales para clasificar los álbumes agrupan a las subcategorías emocionales de las canciones. Esto es razonable, porque una canción tiende a estar orientada a una (sub)categoría emocional específica. De esta forma la categoría emocional de un álbum es una ponderación de las subcategorías emocionales de sus canciones. Esta ponderación puede ser configurada por parte del analista musical, lo que permite incorporar un elemento de subjetividad en la propuesta. Mediante una serie de experimentos se evaluaron los algoritmos propuestos. Aunque es necesario experimentar con más datos, los resultados evidenciaron la conveniencia, consistencia y utilidad de los algoritmos propuestos
Desempeño ambiental de recintos habitacionales. Comparación de simulaciones, monitorización y percepción de residentes en seis viviendas de Concepción, Chile
Authors: García Alvarado Rodrigo , Herrera Ojeda Rodrigo , Muñoz Viveros Cristián , Wandersleben Gerth
Published: March 2016

 Los estudios y proyectos habitacionales consideran las viviendas de manera unitaria, sin diferenciar las condiciones ambientales por recintos, aunque en la vivencia cotidiana se reconocen variaciones. Este ar­tículo realiza una comparación entre los datos pro­porcionados por simulaciones computacionales de desempeño térmico y monitoreos físicos de recin­tos, que registran valores existentes, y percepciones de sus habitantes en torno a su ambiente residencial en seis viviendas de Concepción, Chile. Con el fin de caracterizar las diferencias ambientales que sur­gen en los hogares, como también las originadas en los distintos recintos, en lo que es la construcción de la confortabilidad. Las simulaciones expresan al­gunas diferencias relevantes entre recintos (demandas energéticas anuales de 12 kW h/m2 hasta 330 kW h/m2), mientras las mediciones físicas revelan valores más acotados (diferencias entre temperatu­ras ambientales de menos de 5°C). Las entrevistas y observación de residentes sugieren apreciaciones si­milares, pero a la vez aportan otros aspectos (como una mayor valoración de los niveles superiores y ha­bitaciones con mayor luminosidad). Los resultados y conclusiones emanados del estudio aportan datos que pueden resultar de interés comparativo para la planificación y diseño habitacional en la zona, pero también un análisis que integra las distintas dimen­siones trabajadas del confort residencial y sus va­riaciones entre los recintos habitacionales, lo que resulta incidente para el ámbito de las políticas y ac­ciones de mejoramiento ambiental de las viviendas, destinadas a aumentar la calidad residencial.
Detección de defectos en textiles mediante técnicas espaciales para análisis de textura
Authors: Alvarado Moreno José David
Published: March 2016

En el siguiente trabajo se presenta la utilización de técnicas espaciales de análisis de textura en imágenes para la identificación de defectos en textiles, en donde se presenta la aplicación de técnicas para pre-procesamiento, y para el análisis de textura los patrones locales binarios y la matriz de co-ocurrencia con fin de extraer características resaltar las diferencias e identificar los defectos en textiles haciendo uso del clasificador basado en la distancia de mahalanobis.
Ground States for a Nonlinear Elliptic Equation Involving Multiple Hardy–Sobolev Critical Exponents
Authors: Guo Zhenyu
Published: March 2016

The present paper studies the nonlinear elliptic equation

{

Δ
⁢
u

+

λ

|
x
|

s

⁢

u

p
-
1

+

∑

i
=
1

l

λ
i

|
x
|

s
i

⁢

u

2
∗

⁢

(

s
i

)

-
1

+

u

2
∗

-
1

=
0

in
⁢
Ω

,

u

>
0

in
⁢
Ω

,

u

=
0

on
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

,

$\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle\Delta u+\frac{\lambda}{|x|^{s}}u^{p-1}+% \sum_{i=1}^{l}\frac{\lambda_{i}}{|x|^{s_{i}}}u^{2^{\ast}(s_{i})-1}+u^{2^{\ast}% -1}&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\text{in }\Omega,\\ \displaystyle u&\displaystyle>0&&\displaystyle\text{in }\Omega,\\ \displaystyle u&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\text{on }\partial\Omega,\end{% aligned}\right.$

which involves multiple Hardy–Sobolev critical exponents, where

λ
≠
0

${\lambda\neq 0}$

,

s
∈

[
0
,
2
)

${s\in[0,2)}$

,

p
∈

(
2
,

2
∗

⁢

(
s
)

)

${p\in(2,2^{\ast}(s))}$

,

0
<

s
1

<
⋯
<

s
l

<
2

$0<s_{1}<\cdots<s_{l}<2$

,

λ
1

,
…
,

λ
k

>
0

${\lambda_{1},\dots,\lambda_{k}>0}$

,

λ

k
+
1

,
…
,

λ
l

<
0

${\lambda_{k+1},\dots,\lambda_{l}<0}$

for some

k
∈

[
1
,
l
]

${k\in[1,l]}$

and Ω is a

C
1

$C^{1}$

open bounded domain in

ℝ
N

$\mathbb{R}^{N}$

,

N
≥
3

${N\geq 3}$

, containing the origin. The existence of a positive ground state solution is established when

λ
>
0

${\lambda>0}$

and

p
≥

2
∗

⁢

(

s
k

)

${p\geq 2^{\ast}(s_{k})}$

.
Application of the artificial neural network and imperialist competitive algorithm for optimization of molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction of methylene blue
Authors: Khajeh Mostafa , Moghaddam Shahnaz Afzali , Bohlooli Mousa , Ghaffari-Moghaddam Mansour
Published: March 2016

In this study, a hybrid of the artificial neural network-imperialist competitive algorithm (ANN-ICA) has been applied for prediction and optimization of the molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction method. This method has been used for the pre-concentration of methylene blue (MB) from environmental water samples prior to UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Molecular imprinted polymer sorbents were synthesized using radical polymerization by MB, 4-vinylpyridine, ethylene-glycol-dimethacrylate, 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile and methanol as a template, functional monomer, cross-linker, initiator, and porogen, respectively. The imprinted polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The pH, adsorbent mass, adsorption time, eluent volume, and extraction time were been selected as input parameters and the recovery of MB was considered as an output variable of the ANN model. The results were then compared according to the performance function and determination coefficient. The Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models were used to explain the isotherm constant. The maximum adsorption capacity was 417 mg g-1. At the optimized conditions, the limit of detection and relative standard deviation was found to be 0.31 μg l-1 and <1.7%, respectively. This method was applied to analysis the MB in various water samples.
Solving a Functional Equation and Characterizing Distributions by Quantile Past Lifetime Functions
Authors: Shafaei Noughabi Mohammad
Published: March 2016

In this paper, a special case of Schröder's functional equation is solved. Then, the general solution of the equation is utilized to determine the class of distributions by their α-quantile past lifetime function.
Time inhomogeneous generalized Mehler semigroups and skew convolution equations
Authors: Ouyang Shun-Xiang , Röckner Michael
Published: March 2016

A time inhomogeneous generalized Mehler semigroup on a real separable
Hilbert space ℍ is defined through
p

s,t

f(x) = ∫ℍ
f(U(t,s)x + y)μ
t,s
(d
y),
s,t ∈ ℝ, t ≥ s, x ∈ ℍ,
for every bounded measurable function f on ℍ,
where (U(t,s))
t≥s
is an evolution family of bounded operators on ℍ and
(μ
t,s
)
t≥s
is a family of probability measures on (ℍ,ℬ(ℍ)) satisfying the following time inhomogeneous skew convolution equations:
μ
t,s
= μ
t,r
* (μ
r,s
∘ U(t,r)-1), t ≥ r ≥ s.
This kind of semigroups typically arise as
the “transition semigroups” of non-autonomous (possibly non-continuous) Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes driven by some proper additive process.
Suppose that μ
t,s
converges weakly to δ0 as
t ↓ s or s ↑ t.
We show that μ
t,s
has further weak continuity properties in t and s.
As a consequence,
we prove that for every t ≥ s, μ
t,s
is infinitely divisible. Natural stochastic processes associated with (μ
t,s
)
t≥s
are constructed and are applied to get probabilistic proofs for the weak continuity and infinite divisibility. Then we analyze the structure, existence and uniqueness of the corresponding evolution systems of measures (= space-time invariant measures) of (p

s,t
)
t≥s
. We also establish a dimension free Harnack inequality for (p

s,t
)
t≥s
and present some of its applications.
Variations of Minkowski's theorem on successive minima
Authors: Henk Martin , Henze Matthias , Hernández Cifre María A.
Published: March 2016

Minkowski's second theorem in the Geometry of Numbers provides optimal upper
and lower bounds for the volume of an o-symmetric convex body in terms of
its successive minima. In this paper we study analogs of this theorem from
two different points of view: either relaxing the symmetry condition,
assuming that the centroid of the body lies at the origin, or replacing the
volume functional by the surface area.
Thermal Coupling in AlGaN/GaN Power Transistors
Authors: Schnieder Frank , Rudolph Matthias
Published: March 2016

Thermal coupling in AlGaN/GaN transistors is investigated by means of thermal FEM (finite element method) simulation. The results are combined with electrical network simulation using an electro-thermal model. From the FEM analysis the thermal coupling matrix is established, describing the thermal interaction between the different cells of a power transistor. The matrix allows to extract an equivalent circuit for the thermal coupling in a straightforward way. The electrical transistor model is complemented by thermal ports to connect the cells via the thermal coupling network. The electro-thermal model developed yields information on the distribution of temperature and currents within a powerbar and thus is an important tool in transistor design.
Experimental Multiport Bicone Antenna
Authors: Eskelinen Pekka , Ylinen Juhana
Published: March 2016

A practical, easily manufactured multiport bicone antenna suitable for many receiving tasks such as direction finding systems can be made by using sharp-edged metal fins on the feeding coax center conductor to provide a tapered transition and connection path to coaxial probes. This construction resembles an arrow's tail. Already four mutually orthogonal fins can give full 360 degree azimuth coverage with suitable −3 dB port pattern overlap. Five experimental constructions working at Ku and Ka bands, each with fractional bandwidths of 23 to 31 per cent, are shown with full dimensional details. Suitable fin tapering is close to the full air gap in the coax and fin thickness should be less than 1/16th of the outer conductor diameter.
Irrationality measures for almost periodic continued fractions
Authors: Dodulíková Silvia , Hančl Jaroslav , Kolouch Ondřej , Leinonen Marko , Leppälä Kalle
Published: March 2016

We give general results which provide asymptotic irrationality measures
and estimations for the denominators of the convergents
for certain almost periodic simple continued fraction expansions.
As an application we obtain new irrationality measures, for example, to Napier's constant
e, certain powers of e,

tanh
1

${\tanh 1}$

and a ratio of modified Bessel functions.
Measurability properties of certain paradoxical subsets of the real line
Authors: Beriashvili Mariam
Published: March 2016

The paper deals with the measurability properties of
some classical subsets of the real line ℝ having
an extra-ordinary descriptive structure: Vitali sets, Bernstein sets,
Hamel bases, Luzin sets and Sierpiński sets. In
particular, it is shown that there exists a translation invariant
measure μ on ℝ extending the Lebesgue measure and such
that all Sierpiński sets are measurable with respect to μ.
Reaction kinetics of strong nucleophiles with a dimeric non-phenolic lignin model compound with α-carbonyl functionality (adleron) in aqueous alkali solution
Authors: Fearon Olesya , Kuitunen Susanna , Vuorinen Tapani
Published: March 2016

The degradation kinetics of a non-phenolic lignin model compound with α-carbonyl functionality (adlerone) has been studied by varying temperature and concentrations of sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen sulfide, and sodium sulfite. The kinetics of adlerone degradation and formation of its reaction products were monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy and their structures were analyzed by GC/MS. The two step degradation of adlerone was studied in two separate experimental setups. In the first alkali catalyzed step, adlerone is converted to a β-elimination product that reacts further in the second step with hydrogen sulfide or sulfite ion. The Arrhenius kinetic parameters were derived by the KinFit software. The activation energy for the 1st step was 69.1 kJ mol-1, and for the 2nd step with sulfide 42.4 kJ mol-1 and with sulfite ion 35.8 kJ mol-1. The reaction mechanisms presented are in line with those published earlier: β-ether bonds of structures having α-carbonyl functionality do not cleave under soda pulping conditions, whereas in kraft and sulfite pulping the cleavage of β-ether bonds proceeds via nucleophile attack and addition. The combination of hydroxyl and sulfite ions gives the fastest cleavage of β-ether bonds in non-phenolic lignin structures with the α-carbonyl functionality.
High Efficiency CeCu Composite Oxide Catalysts Improved via Preparation Methods for Propyl Acetate Catalytic Combustion in Air
Authors: Lan Hai , Zhou Guilin , Luo Cuijuan , Yu Yinrong , Xie Hongmei , Zhang Guizhi
Published: March 2016

A famous hard-template method (HT), coprecipitation method (PC), and complex method (CA) were used to prepare CeCu composite oxide catalysts. The prepared catalysts were characterized via XRD, BET, Raman, XPS, FI–IR, and O2–TPD, and their catalytic activity and stability were evaluated for the propyl acetate catalytic combustion. The results showed that the CeCu oxide solid solution and oxygen vacancies were formed in the prepared CeCu oxide catalysts, even for CeCu–PC and CeCu–CA having a specific amount of isolated crystalline or amorphous CuO species. Comparing with the CeCu–PC and CeCu–CA of low porosity, CeCu–HT developed a mesoporous structure with a much larger specific surface area through a negative replica on the structure of KIT-6, and in it, CuO was completely dissolved in the CeO2 lattice to form more CeCu oxide solid solution and a large amount of oxygen vacancies. As a result, the CeCu–HT catalyst has more surface-adsorbed oxygen species, more –OH group which can also change into surface-adsorbed oxygen species at relatively high temperatures, higher oxygen desorption ability, and higher oxygen mobility than CeCu–PC and CeCu–CA. The CeCu–HT catalyst shows high and stable propyl acetate catalytic combustion performance at 190 °C. The propyl acetate catalytic combustion activity on the prepared CeCu oxide catalysts can be ranked as: CeCu–HT > CeCu–PC > CeCu–CA, which follows the orders of CeCu oxide solid solution content, surface-active oxygen content, and oxygen desorption and mobility of the CeCu composite oxide catalysts.
On hereditarily just infinite profinite groups obtained via iterated wreath products
Authors: Matteo Vannacci
Published: March 2016

We study a generalisation of the family of non-(virtually pro-p) hereditarily just infinite profinite groups introduced by J. S. Wilson in 2010. We prove that this family contains groups of finite lower rank. We also show that many groups in this family are not topologically finitely presentable.
Minimal length factorizations of finite simple groups of Lie type by
unipotent Sylow subgroups
Authors: Garonzi Martino , Levy Dan , Maróti Attila , Simion Iulian I.
Published: March 2016

We prove that every finite simple group G of Lie type satisfies G = U
U
-
U
U
-, where U is a unipotent Sylow subgroup of G and U
-
is its opposite. We also characterize the cases for which G = U
U
-
U. These
results are best possible in terms of the number of conjugates of U in the
above factorizations.
Extraction of geoid heights from shipborne GNSS
measurements along the Weser River in northern
Germany
Authors: Lavrov D. , Even-Tzur G. , Reinking J.
Published: March 2016

In-land geoid models rely on several measuring
techniques. The quality of those models is directly related
to the spatial resolution of the measurement data. Occasionally,
a local geoid model does not cover the coastal
area at all and a local marine geoid simply does not exist.
ShipborneGNSS measurementsmay provide away of overcoming
this problem in coastal areas. However, several
corrections to the raw measurements must be applied in
order to account for systematic effects induced by ship dynamics
and other static and dynamic impacts from tides,
atmospheric pressure or wind stress.
This paper presents the theoretical background for the
method and the results of a case study in the estuary of
the Weser River in Germany. A series of GNSS measurements
were carried out aboard a ship and the approximate
geoid height along the river was derived. For accuracy assessments
of this method, the resultswere compared to the
German Combined QuasiGeoid 2011 (GCG2011). The results
are very promising and indicate the ability to extract geoid
heights from shipborne GNSS measurements.
The language of early Buddhism
Authors: Levman Bryan
Published: March 2016

The earliest recoverable language of Buddhism is a Middle Indo-Aryan (MIA)koine, an inter-dialect language which reduced linguistic variability by dialect levelling and simplification, through elimination of interdialect phonological differences which impede understanding, and harmonization of the different dialects to a common language intelligible across all dialects. Among the principal features of thiskoinethe following can be identified: reduction of the distinction between voiced and unvoiced intervocalic stops; replacement of aspirated stops by aspirates only; replacement of diphthongs by a simple vowel; the assimilation or resolution of most consonant clusters; the merging of dental, retroflex and palatal sibilants; the interchange of a variety of liquids and labials. Among the various factors which led to thekoine’s formation, were other Indo-Aryan and non Indo-Aryan languages andkoinewhose phonetic constraints catalyzed and accelerated the development of MIA in certain directions, that is towards harmonization with their own phonological system which lacked such features as phonemic intervocalic voiced stops, aspirated stops, consonant clusters, etc., and had other features (like retroflexes) which Indo-Aryan lacked.
Tibetan as a “model language” in the Amdo Sprachbund: evidence from Salar and Wutun
Authors: Sandman Erika , Simon Camille
Published: March 2016

This paper outlines Tibetan morphosyntactic features transferred into two genetically unrelated and typologically distinct languages, Salar (Turkic) and Wutun (Sinitic), both spoken in the same linguistic area, the Amdo Sprachbund located in the Upper Yellow River basin in Western China.

Part of the research cited in this paper was carried out under the research project “Interactional, Cross-Linguistic, Theoretical and Areal Perspectives on Evidentiality and Egophoricity” funded by the Academy of Finland. Examples not otherwise cited are from the two authors’ fieldwork. We wish to thank all our Salar, Wutun and Amdo Tibetan friends for their patience and helpfulness in helping us to understand their languages. We are also grateful to the organizers and fellow participants of the International Workshop on Linguistic Microareas of South Asia held in Uppsala on May 5–6, 2014, to two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments, and to Christopher Culver for improving the English language of our paper.

Due to long-term linguistic contact with Amdo Tibetan, the culturally dominant language in the region, Salar and Wutun have undergone many parallel convergence processes, and they have developed shared grammatical features not found in their genetic relatives spoken elsewhere. By comparing the grammatical structures transferred from Tibetan into both Salar and Wutun, we aim to identify the most prominent Tibetan grammatical features that tend to be copied into neighboring languages despite their different genetic affiliations and typological profiles. Our study highlights the role of Tibetan as the dominant language of the Sprachbund, serving as a model for linguistic convergence for its neighboring languages.
An evaluation of noise on LPC-based vowel formant estimates: Implications for sociolinguistic data collection
Authors: De Decker Paul
Published: March 2016

Current trends in sociophonetic data analysis indicate a shift to entirely automatic measurements of spectral properties using programs like Praat. While such practices are useful for the rapid collection of acoustic data from large corpora, they, by default do not permit human analysts to provide quality control or make hand corrected measurements when needed. Under ideal signal-to-noise conditions, such as in a sound-proof room, this may not be a problem. However, analysis of audio recordings made in acoustically-uncontrolled environments, like many standard sociolinguistic interviews, are arguably susceptible to spurious estimates using automated routines. This paper presents the results of a highly controlled noise-interference experiment designed to examine the effects of different types of noise at varying signal-to-noise levels on automated LPC-based vowel formant measurements made in Praat. Findings indicate that some noises are more detrimental than others, affect some formant frequencies more than others and that louder noises make it inappropriate to conduct an analysis of F1 and F2. Results are discussed and suggestions for better practices in recording sociolinguistic interviews for sociophonetic data collection are presented.
Crystal structure of n-butyl-chlorido-bis[N-sec-butyl,N-n-propyl-carbamodithioato κ
2
S,S′]-tin(IV), C20H41ClN2S4Sn
Authors: Abdul Muthalib Amirah Faizah , Baba Ibrahim , Abdul Halim Siti Nadiah , Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: March 2016

C20H41ClN2S4Sn, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 10.0750(3) Å, b = 10.7593(7) Å, c = 13.3097(6) Å, α = 74.619(5)°, β = 86.861(3)°, γ = 88.582(4)°, V = 1388.93(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.044, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.106, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of diaquabis(phenoxyacetato-κ2
O,O′)-zinc(II), C16H18O8Zn
Authors: Xiao Wei , Yuan Hou-Qun , Li Yan-Xia , Hu Chun-Yan , Bao Guang-Ming
Published: March 2016

C16H18O8Zn, Monoclinic, C2, a = 11.612(2) Å, b = 5.2119(11) Å, c = 13.762(3) Å, β = 101.151(3)°, V = 817.2(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0248, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0790, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of poly-[μ
2-4,4′-bipyridine-κ
2
N:N′−μ
3-thiophene-2,3-di-carboxylato-κ
4
O,O′, O′′:O′′′ -cadmium(II)]
Authors: Yao Li-Ping , Zhang Li
Published: March 2016

C16H10N2O4S1Cd, orthorhombic, P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 8.977(2) Å, b = 11.751(3) Å, c = 14.224(4) Å, α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°, V = 1500.6(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0188, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0431, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of (2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methanone, C15H14O6
Authors: Benites Julio , Valderrama Jaime A. , Ríos David , Cárdenas Alejandro , Brito Iván
Published: March 2016

C15H14O6, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 8.2996(5) Å, b = 8.3739(4) Å, c = 10.7565(5) Å, α = 94.942(3)°, β = 112.199(4)°, γ = 102.752(4)°, V = 663.09(6) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.044, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1134, T = 299 K.
Crystal structure of tris(3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole)zinc(II)tetrachlorido zincate(II), C24H21Cl4N9Zn2
Authors: Zhu Guang-Zhou , Li Chun-Ling , Wang Ao-Lan , Wang Shi-Yu , Zou Dan-Ling , Zhang Xiao-Jing , Yang Feng-Lei
Published: March 2016

C24H21Cl4N9Zn2, trigonal, R3̅c (no. 161), a = 13.3310(13) Å, b = 13.3310(13) Å, c = 58.070(9) Å, V = 8937.3(19) Å3 , Z = 12, R
gt
(F) = 0.0409, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1491, S = 1.006, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of (Z)-4-(furan-2-yl(p-tolylamino)methylene)-3-methyl-1-p-tolyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one, C23H21N3O2
Authors: Zhang Bao-Qi , Zhang Lin , Zhang Heng-Qiang , Zhao Cheng-Liang , Chen Bin
Published: March 2016

C23H21N3O2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 10.305(3) Å, b = 10.4528(16) Å, c = 10.6351(17) Å, b = 101.139(4)°, V = 983.4(4) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0559, wR
ref
(F2) = 0.1607, T = 295(2) K.
Crystal structure of methyl 5-methoxy 1H-indole-2-carboxylate, C11H11NO3
Authors: Attia Mohamed I. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Fun Hoong-Kun
Published: March 2016

C11H11NO3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.8956(6) Å, b = 5.8304(4) Å, c = 22.0407(16) Å, β = 91.919(3)°, V = 1014.06(13) Å3, Z = 4, R(F) = 0.045, wR(F
2
) = 0.125, T = 100 K.
Monitoring the diffusion behavior of Na,K-ATPase by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) upon fluorescence labelling with eGFP or Dreiklang
Authors: Junghans Cornelia , Schmitt Franz-Josef , Vukojević Vladana , Friedrich Thomas
Published: March 2016

Measurement of lateral mobility of membraneembedded proteins in living cells with high spatial and temporal precision is a challenging task of optofluidics. Biological membranes are complex structures, whose physico-chemical properties depend on the local lipid composition, cholesterol content and the presence of integral or peripheral membrane proteins, which may be involved in supramolecular complexes or are linked to cellular matrix proteins or the cytoskeleton. The high proteinto- lipid ratios in biomembranes indicate that membrane proteins are particularly subject to molecular crowding, making it difficult to follow the track of individual molecules carrying a fluorescence label. Novel switchable fluorescence proteins such as Dreiklang [1], are, in principle, promising tools to study the diffusion behavior of individual molecules in situations of molecular crowding due to excellent spectral control of the ON- and OFF-switching process. In this work, we expressed an integral membrane transport protein, the Na,K-ATPase comprising the human α2-subunit carrying an N-terminal eGFP or Dreiklang tag and human β1-subunit, in HEK293T cells and measured autocorrelation curves by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Furthermore,we measured diffusion times and diffusion constants of eGFP and Dreiklang by FCS, first, in aqueous solution after purification of the proteins upon expression in E. coli, and, second, upon expression as soluble proteins in the cytoplasm of HEK293T cells. Our data show that the diffusion behavior of the purified eGFP and Dreiklang in solution as well as the properties of the proteins expressed in the cytoplasm are very similar. However, the autocorrelation curves of eGFP- and Dreiklanglabeled Na,K-ATPase measured in the plasma membrane exhibit marked differences, with the Dreiklang-labeled construct showing shorter diffusion times. This may be related to an additional, as yet unrecognized quenching process that occurs on the same time scale as the diffusion of the labeled complexes through the detection volume (1– 100 ms). Since the origin of this quenching process is currently unclear, care has to be taken when the Dreiklang label is intended to be used in FCS applications.
Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Meija Juris , Coplen Tyler B. , Berglund Michael , Brand Willi A. , De Bièvre Paul , Gröning Manfred , Holden Norman E. , Irrgeher Johanna , Loss Robert D. , Walczyk Thomas , Prohaska Thomas
Published: March 2016

The biennial review of atomic-weight determinations and other cognate data has resulted in changes for the standard atomic weights of 19 elements. The standard atomic weights of four elements have been revised based on recent determinations of isotopic abundances in natural terrestrial materials:

cadmium to 112.414(4) from 112.411(8),

molybdenum to 95.95(1) from 95.96(2),

selenium to 78.971(8) from 78.96(3), and

thorium to 232.0377(4) from 232.038 06(2).

The Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (ciaaw.org) also revised the standard atomic weights of fifteen elements based on the 2012 Atomic Mass Evaluation:

aluminium (aluminum) to 26.981 5385(7) from 26.981 5386(8),

arsenic to 74.921 595(6) from 74.921 60(2),

beryllium to 9.012 1831(5) from 9.012 182(3),

caesium (cesium) to 132.905 451 96(6) from 132.905 4519(2),

cobalt to 58.933 194(4) from 58.933 195(5),

fluorine to 18.998 403 163(6) from 18.998 4032(5),

gold to 196.966 569(5) from 196.966 569(4),

holmium to 164.930 33(2) from 164.930 32(2),

manganese to 54.938 044(3) from 54.938 045(5),

niobium to 92.906 37(2) from 92.906 38(2),

phosphorus to 30.973 761 998(5) from 30.973 762(2),

praseodymium to 140.907 66(2) from 140.907 65(2),

scandium to 44.955 908(5) from 44.955 912(6),

thulium to 168.934 22(2) from 168.934 21(2), and

yttrium to 88.905 84(2) from 88.905 85(2).

The Commission also recommends the standard value for the natural terrestrial uranium isotope ratio, N(238U)/N(235U)=137.8(1).
Thin film flow of an Oldroyd 6-constant fluid over a moving belt: an analytic approximate solution
Authors: Ene Remus-Daniel , Marinca Vasile , Marinca Valentin Bogdan
Published: March 2016

In this paper the thin film flow of an Oldroyd 6-constant fluid on a vertically moving belt is investigated. The basic equation of a non-Newtonian fluid in a container with a wide moving belt which passes through the container moving vertically upward with constant velocity, is reduced to an ordinary nonlinear differential equation. This equation is solved approximately by means of the Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM). The solutions take into account the behavior of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. Our procedure intended for solving nonlinear problems does not need small parameters in the equation and provides a convenient way to control the convergence of the approximate solutions.
Lysosomes appear as the auto-fluorescent vacuoles in Dictyostelium discoideum cells
Authors: Kainuma Hiroki , Saito Yuya , Hatakeyama Ikuo , Omata Takako A. , Uchiyama Saburo
Published: March 2016

Dictyostelium discoideum cells contain auto-fluorescent vacuoles. To determine the identity of these vacuoles, the fluorescent dye 4-nitro-7-(1-piperazinyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-PZ) was used to stain the lysosomes in D. discoideum cells. Neither the auto-fluorescent vacuoles nor lysosomes were observed in D. discoideum cells immediately after they arose from spores or in stationary phase cells. However, both the auto-fluorescent vacuoles and lysosomes were visible in cells that had entered growth phase. Auto-fluorescent vacuoles and lysosomes were also observed in stationary phase cells incubated with chloroquine. When the cells were allowed to phagocytose BioParticles Fluorescent Bacteria (orange fluorescence) for 1 h, orange phagosomes and blue auto-fluorescent vacuoles were observed as independent moieties. However, after an additional 2 h of incubation, we observed vacuoles with mixed fluorescence (orange and blue) in the cells, suggestive of secondary lysosomes. These results suggest that the auto-fluorescent vacuoles in D. discoideum cells are lysosomes.
The dative of agent in Indo-European languages
Authors: Luraghi Silvia
Published: March 2016

The paper discusses various constructions of ancient Indo-European languages that have been described as featuring a dative of agent. The occurrence of the dative can be explained either through its beneficiary meaning, or as indicating an experiencer. In fact, a number of passages that have been taken as evidence for the reconstruction of a dative of agent do not contain agent phrases at all. Thus, while different constructions have parallels in two or more ancient languages, it is impossible to reconstruct a dative of agent as a unified category for PIE, except in the case of nominal verb forms denoting obligation.
Dem Herrgott sei Scheenster
Authors: Nickel Grit
Published: March 2016

By integrating dialect data into typological theses on dative-marked nominal possessive constructions of the typedem Vater sein Hut, this article will continue recent approaches of both dialectological and typological research. By means of an empirical study, this article intends to not only describe the surface phenomena, but to uncover the underlying structure of this construction in East Franconian dialects. Language maps illustrate that instances of microvariation concerning the case-marking of the possessor (Wemvs.Wenvs.Wer seine Weiden sind das?) and the form of the possessive pronoun (meiner Tante ihrvs.sein Wirsing) are diatopically conditioned.
Molecular structure studies of novel bronchodilatory-active 4-azafluorenes
Authors: Girgis Adel S. , Aziz Marian N. , Shalaby ElSayed M. , Saleh Dalia O. , Mishriky Nawal , El-Eraky Wafaa I. , Farag I.S. Ahmed
Published: March 2016

Two 5H-indeno[1,2-b]pyridines, 7a and 7b, were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. In the molecular packing, molecules of 7a are linked into chains by C–H···N hydrogen bond which, in turn, are connected by H···π, N···π, Cl···π and π···π interactions. In the crystal structure of 7b, molecules are connected by C–H···N and C–H···Cl interactions as well as a set of N···π and Cl···π interactions. The molecular structures were studied by theory using AM1, PM3 and DFT. The basic difference between the theoretical and experimental structures was found in the relative orientation of dichlorophenyl ring attached to the indenopyridine residue, which was revealed to be aligned in nearly opposite orientations. This observation is attributed to the bulky chlorine atom(s) of the phenyl ring that prevent free rotation around the sigma bond attaching this ring with the heterocyclic system. DFT was used to determine the molecular electrostatic potential revealing the nitrile nitrogen to be the most nucleophilic site. A low HOMO-LUMO energy gap indicates high reactivity of 7a and 7b. The synthesized azafluorenes show more potent bronchodilation properties than the standard reference compound (theophylline).
“For Heaven and Earth to Pass Away?”
Authors: Joseph Simon J.
Published: March 2016

Abstract: Das Verhältnis zwischen Q und dem Gesetz ist Gegenstand einer umfangreichen Debatte in der Q-Forschung. Einige Forscher sind der Meinung, dass Q dem Gesetz „gleichgültig“ gegenübersteht. Andere sind der Ansicht, dass Q die Überzeugungen einer konservativen judenchristlichen Gemeinschaft vertritt. Dieser Artikel untersucht erneut das Verhältnis zwischen Q und dem Gesetz in dem „Trio“ der Gesetzeslogien in Q: Q 16,16, Q 16,17 und Q 16,18. Q 16,16–18 ist eine vielschichtige Komposition und vielleicht nur ein kleiner Unterabschnitt in Q, aber doch ein wichtiger Schlüssel zum Verständnis des Verhältnisses von Q zu Jesus, dem Gesetz und der Eschatologie. Eine sorgfältige Untersuchung dieser Einheit – im Kontext der religiösen Gruppierungen des Judentums zur Zeit des Zweiten Tempels und des frühen Christentums – lässt darauf schließen, dass Ursprung und Ausrichtung der Logien in einer hochgradig präsentischen restaurativen Eschatologie, dem Beginn eines neuen Zeitalters, einer neuen Schöpfung und einem neuartig interpretierten Gesetz liegen.
Von Alexandrien nach Jerusalem. Überlegungen zur Vermittlung philonischalexandrinischer Tradition an Paulus
Authors: Holtz Gudrun
Published: March 2016

Abstract: In comparative research on Philo and Paul, there are currently three main models for explaining their commonalities: literary dependence; oral transmission of Philonic material to Paul via Apollos and the Corinthians; and a ‘common background’ in Greek-speaking Judaism shared by both authors. The present contribution tests these three models using the example of the motif of human self-aggrandizement over God. The paper concludes that none of these models sufficiently explains the analyzed motif. This also applies to the most recently favored model of ‘common background’ which can be substantiated neither by extra-Philonic Jewish literature nor by the traditions that Philo worked with. Therefore, in a variation on the second model, the paper explores possible historically describable ways for Philonic-Alexandrian tradition to have been transmitted to Paul. As a location for this, Jerusalem especially comes into question. Paul could have come directly into contact with Philonic material before his Damascus experience in the context of the Greek-speaking synagogues there, or later in Antioch through Barnabas and other Graeco-Palestinians.
Disbursing the Account of God: Fiscal Terminology and the Economy of God in Colossians 1,24–25
Authors: Lang T.J.
Published: March 2016

Die Schwierigkeiten bei der Interpretation des irritierenden Satzes in Kol 1,24 – „ich fülle auf, was an den Leiden Christi noch fehlt“ (ἀνταναπληρῶ τὰ ὑστερήματα τῶν θλίψεων τοῦ Χριστοῦ) – sind bekannt. Die Beziehung dieses Satzes zum größeren Kontext von Kol 1,24–2,3 und insbesondere zur parallelen Wendung mit πληρόω in V.25 wird jedoch weit weniger bemerkt. In diesem Aufsatz wird die These vertreten, dass die für gewöhnlich mit „auffüllen, was an den Leiden Christi noch fehlt“ übersetzte Wendung in V.24 ein terminus technicus aus dem Finanzwesen ist, der anzeigt, dass den Völkern der für sie durch Christus entstandene Reichtum (V.27) durch die Anstrengungen des Paulus in seinem apostolischen Dienst zugeteilt wird. Daher bleibt nicht der soteriologische Reichtum, der durch Christus entstanden ist, unzulänglich, sondern die persönliche „Überweisung“ dieses „christologischen Kapitals“ an die Völker, für die es be stimmt war. Dieses Bild aus der Finanzwirtschaft wird dann am Ende von V.25 umgestaltet, wo Paulus den Zweck der οἰκονομία definiert, die er von Gott erhalten hat: Die finanzielle Verantwortung, die Paulus trägt, ist, „das Konto Gottes auszubezahlen“ (πληρῶσαι τὸν λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ). Das Ausbezahlen „christologischer Reichtümer“ von Gottes Konto ist genau das, was man von einem „Manager“ (διάκονος) mit treuhänderischer Pflicht (οἰκονομία) erwarten würde.
Vietnamese Literature After War and Renovation
Authors: Collins Rebekah Linh
Published: March 2016

This article examines the turn to the everyday in contemporary literature from Vietnam by Phan Thị Vàng Anh, Dương Phương Vinh, Nguyễn Ngọc Tư, and other writers born in the 1960s and 1970s. I analyze formal, aesthetic, ethical, and sociopolitical aspects of the literature, distinguishing post-Đổi Mới from Đổi Mới works and suggesting ways to understand the former within local and global comparative literary frameworks.
How to make a synaptic ribbon: RIBEYE deletion abolishes ribbons in retinal synapses and disrupts neurotransmitter release
Authors: Maxeiner Stephan , Luo Fujun , Tan Alison , Schmitz Frank , Südhof Thomas C
Published: March 2016

Synaptic ribbons are large proteinaceous scaffolds at the active zone of ribbon synapses that are specialized for rapid sustained synaptic vesicles exocytosis. A single ribbon‐specific protein is known, RIBEYE, suggesting that ribbons may be constructed from RIBEYE protein. RIBEYE knockdown in zebrafish, however, only reduced but did not eliminate ribbons, indicating a more ancillary role. Here, we show in mice that full deletion of RIBEYE abolishes all presynaptic ribbons in retina synapses. Using paired recordings in acute retina slices, we demonstrate that deletion of RIBEYE severely impaired fast and sustained neurotransmitter release at bipolar neuron/AII amacrine cell synapses and rendered spontaneous miniature release sensitive to the slow Ca2+‐buffer EGTA, suggesting that synaptic ribbons mediate nano‐domain coupling of Ca2+ channels to synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Our results show that RIBEYE is essential for synaptic ribbons as such, and may organize presynaptic nano‐domains that position release‐ready synaptic vesicles adjacent to Ca2+ channels.
CPAP promotes timely cilium disassembly to maintain neural progenitor pool
Authors: Gabriel Elke , Wason Arpit , Ramani Anand , Gooi Li Ming , Keller Patrick , Pozniakovsky Andrei , Poser Ina , Noack Florian , Telugu Narasimha Swamy , Calegari Federico , Šarić Tomo , Hescheler Jürgen , Hyman Anthony A , Gottardo Marco , Callaini Giuliano , Alkuraya Fowzan Sami , Gopalakrishnan Jay
Published: March 2016

A mutation in the centrosomal‐P4.1‐associated protein (CPAP) causes Seckel syndrome with microcephaly, which is suggested to arise from a decline in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) during development. However, mechanisms of NPCs maintenance remain unclear. Here, we report an unexpected role for the cilium in NPCs maintenance and identify CPAP as a negative regulator of ciliary length independent of its role in centrosome biogenesis. At the onset of cilium disassembly, CPAP provides a scaffold for the cilium disassembly complex (CDC), which includes Nde1, Aurora A, and OFD1, recruited to the ciliary base for timely cilium disassembly. In contrast, mutated CPAP fails to localize at the ciliary base associated with inefficient CDC recruitment, long cilia, retarded cilium disassembly, and delayed cell cycle re‐entry leading to premature differentiation of patient iPS‐derived NPCs. Aberrant CDC function also promotes premature differentiation of NPCs in Seckel iPS‐derived organoids. Thus, our results suggest a role for cilia in microcephaly and its involvement during neurogenesis and brain size control.
Comparison of Clinical Risk Factors Among Pediatric Patients With Single Admission, Multiple Admissions (Without Any 7-Day Readmissions), and 7-Day Readmission
Authors: Winer Jeffrey C. , Aragona Elena , Fields Alan I. , Stockwell David C.
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Readmissions have received increasing attention. The goal of this study was to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with hospital utilization and 7-day readmissions.

METHODS:

This retrospective case–control study of inpatient and observation encounters was conducted at a freestanding children’s hospital. Over a 1-year period, patients were categorized into 3 groups: patients with a single admission, patients with multiple admissions without any 7-day readmissions, and patients with at least one 7-day readmission. Factors associated with risk of future hospital utilization were determined, and post hoc testing was performed to compare groups.

RESULTS:

Patients with a single admission had statistically significant lower numbers of medications at admission and discharge, lower rates of home health care at admission and discharge, and fewer diagnosis codes during index admission than patients with multiple admissions. There were no statistically significant differences among patients with multiple admissions between those with and without 7-day readmissions.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study found that patients with multiple admissions were similar regardless of whether they had any 7-day readmissions. Because patients with multiple admissions seemed to represent a single high-risk group, it is possible that many readmissions represent a consequence of medical complexity rather than a failure of care. Further studies are necessary to determine if providing targeted interventions to high-risk patients will lower their future hospital utilization.
Implementation of an Innovative Pediatric Hospital Medicine Education Series
Authors: Statile Angela M. , Unaka Ndidi , Thomson Joanna E. , Sucharew Heidi , Gonzalez del Rey Javier , White Christine M.
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE:

Limitations on resident duty hours require formal education programs to be high-yield and impactful. Hospital medicine (HM) topics provide the foundation for inpatient pediatric knowledge pertinent to pediatric residents and medical students. Our primary objective was to describe the creation of an innovative pediatric HM curriculum designed to increase learners’ medical knowledge and their confidence in communicating with patients and families about these topics; our secondary objective was to evaluate the level of innovation of the conference sessions perceived by the learners.

METHODS:

A systematic approach was used to develop a curriculum framework incorporating a variety of interactive and engaging educational strategies. Six sessions were studied over the 2012–2013 academic year. The bimonthly sessions were presented during the resident daily conference schedule as a recurring pediatric HM series. Change in learners’ medical knowledge and confidence in communicating with families were analyzed presession to postsession by using McNemar’s test and the Wilcoxon signed rank test, respectively. Learners rated the level of innovation for each session on a 5-point Likert scale.

RESULTS:

Content covered during the 6 sessions included bronchiolitis, child abuse, health care systems, meningitis/fever, urinary tract infection, and wheezing. Medical knowledge increased presession to postsession (P < .001), as did confidence in communicating about each topic with families (P < .01). The average rating score for all sessions was highly innovative.

CONCLUSIONS:

A systematic approach is useful for developing new curricula for pediatric learners. Focusing on high-yield topics and established competencies allows impactful education sessions within the confines of pediatric learners’ schedule constraints.
The Influence of Comorbid Mood and Anxiety Disorders on Outcomes of Pediatric Patients Hospitalized for Pneumonia
Authors: Doupnik Stephanie K. , Mitra Nandita , Feudtner Chris , Marcus Steven C.
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVES:

Mood and anxiety disorders are associated with greater inpatient care utilization in children with chronic illness. We sought to investigate the association of mood or anxiety disorders and outcomes for hospitalized pediatric patients, using pneumonia as a model.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study of pneumonia hospitalizations in patients 5 to 20 years old, using the nationally representative Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s 2012 Kids’ Inpatient Database. We used multivariable logistic and linear regression models stratified by age group to determine the independent association of mood or anxiety disorders with complications and length of stay, adjusted for clinical, demographic, and hospital characteristics.

RESULTS:

Of 34 794 pneumonia hospitalizations, 3.5% involved a patient with a comorbid mood or anxiety disorder. Overall incidence of complications was 13.1%. Mean length of stay was 4.5 days. In adjusted models, comorbid mood or anxiety disorders were associated with greater odds of pneumonia complications in school-aged children (odds ratio 1.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–2.71) and adolescents (odds ratio 1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–2.02). Hospitalizations with an associated mood or anxiety disorder were longer than those without, by 11.2% in school-aged children and 13.6% in adolescents (P < .001). The association of mood and anxiety disorders with longer hospital stay was not modified by the presence of pneumonia complications.

CONCLUSIONS:

In pediatric patients hospitalized for pneumonia, a comorbid mood or anxiety disorder is associated with greater odds of complications and longer hospital stay. The presence of pneumonia complications did not influence the relationship between mood or anxiety disorders and length of stay.