bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Open Science Movement: Funders, Foundations, and Federal Regulations
Authors: Herzog Patricia Snell
Published: October 2023

The Biden-Harris administration announced that 2023 is the year of open science. The National Science Foundation, National Institute of Health, and National Endowment for the Humanities are among the growing list of federal agencies issuing open science regulations. For example, the NSF states that open data should be publicly available, fully accessible and usable, made available to the widest range of users for the widest range of purposes, and without restrictions placed upon use. Beyond federal agencies, philanthropic and nonprofit organizations are also engaged in perpetuating the movement. With funding from the John Templeton Foundation, the Center for Open Science established the Open Science Framework and the Open Science of Religion project was launched to advance openness in the science of religion and spirituality. JTF is a founding member of the Open Research Funders Group, which is a partnership among 25 philanthropic organizations committed to open data, including: Gates, Lumina, Sloan, Zuckerberg, Arnold, and Johnson Foundations. Publishers and journals are also increasingly requiring or encouraging data sharing. Yet, questions remain regarding the extent to which qualitative data can ethically be de-identified. The NIH supplemental states that indirect identifiers may pose particular challenges to inferences. Researchers question whether qualitative researchers are ready to share data (Mozersky et al. 2020; 2021). Guidelines and applications exist to assist with technical aspects of the de-identification process, but broader questions remain regarding whether qualitative researchers can share data without violating the trust of their participants and uphold research ethics for confidentiality.
Gender and the Economic Consequences of Divorce in the United States: Variation by Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Smock Pamela , Tzoc Kristen , Carr Deborah
Published: October 2023

Gender differences in the economic consequences of divorce are well established and reveal how a traditional gender-based division of paid and unpaid labor can render women economically vulnerable when marriages dissolve. Guided by intersectional approaches that recognize systemic racism and entrenched gender inequality, we assess how race/ethnicity and gender intersect to pattern the economic consequences of divorce. Drawing on 28 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), we conduct a descriptive analysis of the short-term economic impact of marital disruption for non-Hispanic Black women and men, Hispanic women and men, and non-Hispanic white women and men. Our bivariate and multivariable results indicate that the economic consequences of marital disruption vary substantially on the basis of race/ethnicity and gender. All groups of women fare worse than men in postdissolution economic wellbeing and in changes in economic status. Black and Hispanic men and the three groups of women fare worse than white men, with Black women experiencing the highest levels of economic precarity.
Vapor Phase Electrochemistry: The Missing Science
Authors: Turner David
Published: October 2023

Several aspects of physics have been adversely effected by the fact that vapor phase electrochemistry has proved impossible to quantify. By the end of the 19th century, physicists had encountered several strange observations that appeared to involve chemistry. Eventually, it was realized that, in a moist gas, no rate process involving ions is quantifiable since we possess no valid relationship between the concentrations of electrolytes and their thermodynamic activities. There are both technical and societal reasons for this problem. Until both problems have been addressed, no reliable quantitative conclusions can be drawn for any system where ionic electrostriction in a moist gas is important. The most obvious consequences of the missing science are misconceptions concerning naturally contained air plasmas such as ball lightning, tornadic lights, and unpredictable flying objects (UFOs). None of these phenomena violates any known law of physics, but this only becomes clear once the absence of applicable, strictly valid theories is accepted. Fortunately, partial solutions to the problem exist if use is made of qualitative arguments. Using this approach, it can be seen that all the apparently anomalous characteristics of atmospheric plasmas result from a balance between different physical and chemical driving forces. A better understanding of the chemical consequences of electrostriction should have two long-term benefits. One relates to understanding the corrosive properties of high-pressure steam. The other concerns the specific chemical processes that stabilize air plasmas. If stable air plasmas could be simulated, a plentiful supply of carbon-free energy would become available.
Сariprazine in the treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in a hospital setting
Authors: Limankin O. V. , Koniushenko K. K. , Linova L. P. , Bernikov M. V. , Golosov E. A. , Bugorskij A. V.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using cariprazine for the treatment of productive and negative symptoms in schizophrenic spectrum disorders in a hospital setting.

Materials and methods: A group of 35 patients with leading productive and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders treated in a psychiatric hospital constituted the material of the study. The condition of patients was objectified according to the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI-S and CGI-I) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) — at the beginning of the study and in dynamics on the 30th and 60th day of treatment. The mean PANSS score at the beginning of the study was 94.45±14.49 points. After the drug administration, the patients were followed up for up to 60 days.

Results: Cariprazine was administered both as first-line treatment and after prior therapy. The dose range was from 1.5 mg to 6 mg daily. In 3 patients (8.57%), cariprazine therapy was discontinued due to the development of adverse events or worsening of the condition. The remaining 32 patients (91.43%) showed positive dynamics.

Conclusions: The study showed high efficacy of cariprazine when administered for the treatment of productive and negative symptoms in schizophrenic spectrum disorders in a hospital setting. The drug was well tolerated in the majority of patients.
DETERMINATION OF PRESSURE IN THE GASIFICATION CHAMBER OF THE GAS GENERATOR
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Pimenov Kostyantyn
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the work: determination of patterns of pressure changes in the gasification chamber of the gas generator. Methodology of the work: a comprehensive approach, which includes theoretical studies of the processes of changing the thermodynamic parameters of the gas phase in the working chamber of the gas generator, a calculation and analytical method for determining the pressure of the working medium, depending on the temperature and its composition in the gas generator. Results: patterns of pressure changes in the working chamber of the gas generator at different operating modes were obtained. Scientific innovation: modeling and calculation of pressure indicators of the working medium in the working chamber of the gas generator, depending on the environmental factors: temperature and composition of the working medium, humidity of solid fuel, were carried out. It is taken into account that the gaseous phase is a real gas, according to the Van der Waals equation. An algorithm for calculating pressure based on data on quantitative indicators of gases in the mixture is proposed. The regularities of the behavior of the gas medium in the range of operating temperatures of the gas generator have been established. Practical significance: the obtained results made it possible to determine the pressure in the working chamber of the gas generator under different modes of its operation and to develop appropriate design solutions for the corresponding nodes (housing, sealing devices, etc.) of gas generators of narrow standard sizes. Key words: gas generator, combustion chamber, pressure, ideal gas, non-ideal gas, gas-air mixture, temperature.
The courpus of Beryozov town urban planning sources of the 16th-18th centuries
Authors:   Scientific and Educational Centre of the Institute for Humanities Education and Sport, Surgut State University, Surgut, Vizgalov Georgiy P. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk,   “Scientific Production Association “Northern Archaeology – 1” LLC, Nefteyugansk, Gorshkov Iliya D. ,   Department of Social and Humanitarian Education, Surgut State Pedagogical University, Surgut,   “Scientifi c Production Association “Northern Archaeology – 1” LLC, Nefteyugansk, Ermakova Kseniya K. ,   ANO “Institute of Archaeology of the North”, Nefteyugansk
Published: October 2023

Развитие планировочной структуры первых городов Севера Западной Сибири невозможно от-следить без сопоставления археологических и архивных данных. Наиболее ярко отразить жизненный цикл сибирских городов позволяет Берёзов – один из первых русских городов в Сибири. В данной работе представлен свод опубликованных ранее и впервые вводимых в научный оборот градостроительных источников Берёзова конца XVI – середины XVIII вв., что даёт возможность проследить эволюцию архитектурно-планировочной структуры Берёзова в указанный период.
CALCULATION OF SETTLEMENT OF AN EXTENDED SLAB FOUNDATION OF FINITE STIFFNESS BASED ON COMPUTER MODELLING DATA
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Bartolomey Leonid A. , Bogomolova Oksana A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Geidt Larisa V. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen, Geidt Andrei V. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen
Published: October 2023

The paper presents a database for estimation the magnitude of the settlement of an extended slab foundation of finite stiffness in the initial phase of projecting. The offered solution uses only interpolation methods without involving powerful computing devices. The computer program FEA, which formalises the finite element method, was used to obtain the result. The maximum horizontal and vertical dimensions of the computational schemes were 25H3•46H3. The computational scheme consisted of 57 500 finite elements in the form of right isosceles triangles conjugated at 29 106 nodes. The width of the stiffness matrix of the linear equation system was 466. This made it possible to eliminate the influence of trivial boundary conditions on the results. 560 computational operations were performed. It corresponded to the number of possible combinations of numerical values of the variables calculated parameters adopted in computer modelling of process of the slab foundation settlement. As an upshot of the computations, the authors made a table of coefficients of approximating expressions for the curves constructed from the results of the calculated dependences of slab foundation settlement on the variable design parameters. The article provides a calculation of settlements of two extended slab foundations of different widths, using a constructed database and interpolation methods. The control calculation in the FEA showed the difference between the values of the control settlements and the values obtained using the proposed tables and the linear interpolation method for 13.45 and 22.08 %. Summing up the results, the offered database can be used for preliminary (estimation) calculations of extended slab foundations settlements.
BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH
Authors: Kaldewey David , Schauz Désirée
Published: October 2023

The distinction between basic and applied research was central to twentieth-century science and policymaking, and if this framework has been contested in recent years, it nonetheless remains ubiquitous in both scientific and public discourse. Employing a transnational, diachronic perspective informed by historical semantics, this volume traces the conceptual history of the basic–applied distinction from the nineteenth century to today, taking stock of European developments alongside comparative case studies from the United States and China. It shows how an older dichotomy of pure and applied science was reconceived in response to rapid scientific progress and then further transformed by the geopolitical circumstances of the postwar era.
Current trends and prospects of apple breeding (Malus Mill) in Russia: review
Authors: Feshchenko E. M.
Published: October 2023

In the Russian Federation, 506 varieties of apple trees are approved for use (10 included in 2023) with different periods of consumer ripeness of the fruit. The activities of breeding institutions have made it possible to improve the assortment of apple trees, while it is necessary to obtain new varieties of apple trees with a complex of adaptive traits and commercial and consumer qualities of fruits that ensure stable fruiting, productivity in unstable climatic conditions, as well as a long period of post-harvest storage of fruits; and, accordingly, determining the profitability of using these varieties in production plantings. In accordance with the increasing requirements for varieties, new breeding achievements must surpass previous analogues in a set of valuable breeding traits, which confirms the need to improve breeding programs. The key areas of apple tree selection are increasing winter hardiness, drought resistance, disease resistance, improving the biochemical composition and shelf life of the fruit, and columnar crown shape. Intensification of the selection process is necessary to reduce the time to obtain a new variety and its production development; in connection with this, marker-mediated selection is a promising direction for accelerating the selection process. The review article presents data on the work of scientific institutions where apple tree selection is carried out. The results of many years of work by leading research organizations of the Russian Federation in the field of apple breeding are covered. Data on scientific institutions, depending on their territorial location, are sorted by regions of admission of the State Register of Selection Achievements approved for use. The results of many years of work of leading research organizations, the main directions of apple breeding are covered, data on the use of modern methods for studying breeding material in research institutions are provided, and approaches to the early selection of economically valuable genotypes are presented. The analytical review is supplemented with information on ways to expand the genetic variability of hybrid offspring. The creation of varieties with a high level of adaptability, commercial and consumer characteristics of fruits will contribute to the further improvement of the apple tree assortment in the Russian Federation.
Influence of sowing dates of winter barley for different precursors on yields
Authors: Lesnykh O. S. , Ovsyannikova G. V. , Zelenskaya G. M.
Published: October 2023

Up to 99 % of the gross harvest of winter barley grain in Russia falls on the Southern and North Caucasus federal districts. The Rostov region is the northernmost region in which this crop is cultivated on an industrial scale. Winter barley occupies one of the important places among grains in the Don region, having every prospect for a further increase in sown areas. Its cultivation allows not only to obtain early marketable products, but also to timely free up fields for other crops. Using the best predecessor in crop rotation and observing the optimal timing of sowing winter barley makes it possible to most effectively realize the adaptive and productive potential of the cultivated varieties of this crop, which is reflected in this work. The article presents the results of many years of field research and comparative analysis on the formation of yield and productivity elements of winter barley depending on sowing dates and predecessors. The research was carried out in 2018-2020 on the experimental fields of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Agricultural Scientific Center “Donskoy”» in the southern zone of the Rostov region (Zernograd). Barley varieties Vivat, Marusya, Fox 1 were sown according to their predecessors: sunflower and maize on a grain at a depth of 4-6 cm with a seeding rate of 5 million/ ha of germinating grains in 4-fold repetition. Sowing dates: September 10-20-30 and October 10. Record plot area – 10 m2. Based on three years of data, it was established that the highest yield of the studied group of winter barley was given after the predecessor “maize on a grain” when sown in the first term (September 10): Vivat (6.93 t/ha), Marusya (6.84 t/ha) and Fox 1 (6.57 t/ha). The average yield for the three varieties was 6.78 t/ha. In addition, a pattern was identified for this predecessor – a gradual decrease in yield in later sowing periods: the second period (6.69 t/ha), the third (6.57 t/ha), the fourth (6.50 t/ha). According to the predecessor sunflower, the studied varieties on average formed a lower yield than after maize on a grain, however, as in the previous group of experiments, a tendency was noted towards a gradual decrease in the productivity of varieties depending on the sowing time. Thus, the average yield by variety at the first sowing date for sunflower was 6.23 t/ha. During the second period it decreased to 6.20 t/ha, the third and fourth – to 6,01 t/ha.
DETINIZATION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE PRIORITY INDUSTRIES OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING ITS FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors: MATYUKH Serhiy , RUDNICHENKO Yevhenii , HAVLOVSKA Nataliia ,   Khmelnytskyi National University
Published: October 2023

The modern realities of the functioning of enterprises in various branches of the national economy testify to the presence of a significant number of negative impact factors that significantly affect not only individual business entities, but also the economic security of the state as a whole. Such a situation requires a thorough study of the sources of influence and means of its minimization through the use of modern management tools, which allow to ensure a sufficient level of financial and economic security at the macro, meso, and micro levels. The article identifies the priority sectors of the domestic economy from the point of view of post-war recovery. It is precisely such industries as: military-tech, metallurgy, mining industry and engineering, agriculture, food industry, and the IT industry that are able to provide conditions for the growth of GDP and stabilization of the financial and economic situation in the country in the future. This is a guarantee of financial and economic security at the national level and should be a reference point for making appropriate management decisions by the top management. It has been proven that metallurgy, mining industry and mechanical engineering are traditionally under the influence of financial and industrial groups, and financial flows within such spheres are quite strongly dependent on market conditions and the vision of company management regarding the legal reflection of the state of affairs. In other areas, the level of business shadowing is also quite high. This is evidenced by the results of the assessment of the impact of the factors restraining industrial production. Even before the war, there was no formation of a positive business environment and rapid growth of investment flows in domestic industries at the national level. It is proven that the financial and economic security of the state depends, first of all, on the political will of the top management and compliance with the legislation by all participants of the socio-economic systems, which ultimately leads to the gradual detinization of the functioning of the vast majority of industries and the economy as a whole.
Virus Control Aboard a Commuter Bus
Authors:   California State University, Long Beach, Rahai Hamid , Bonifacio Jeremy
Published: October 2023

A major health concern for public transit users is exposure to viruses from other passengers. This numerical study examines virus containment aboard a public bus with changes to the bus ventilation system. The virus was modeled as a 2.5 µm round solid particle released from the mouth of the infectious passenger at a rate of 21 particles per second at a mouth velocity of 0.278 m/sec. The air delivery to the cabin was two linear ceiling slots spanning the length of the bus delivering 59.38 m3/min (2,097 CFM) of air at a mean velocity of 1 m/sec. Two different axial and vertical linear exhaust slots placed on the side walls were investigated to examine how they affected virus containment and spread to the other parts of the cabin. Simulations were performed for both cases of the bus in transit and at the bus stop when the drop-off door was opened. Results indicate during transit that virus spread was contained to passengers sitting immediately in front of and behind the infectious passenger and the level of virus concentration could merit an increased risk of infection with increased virus residence time. However, augmented air mixing was observed between inside and outside air during the passenger drop-off with viruses spread to the front and back of the bus with reduced concentration and risk of infection. Analytical analyses of the risk of infection using the Wells-Riley equation were performed for the bus ventilation using 100% recirculating air without filtration, and 50% and 100% fresh air ventilation. Results indicate a high risk of infection when recirculating air is used, but the risk is reduced significantly with 50% and 100% fresh air ventilation. These results are critical to informing bus manufacturers, transit agencies, planners, and public transportation users about the potential of virus containment using a new ventilation system.
The Role of Elisa test in the diagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Mohsun Nassir E. , Al-Hadithi Raji H , Saadallah Suhaila
Published: October 2023

Background: Helicobacter pylori represents the major etiologic agent of gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcer disease and can cause gastric cancer. Diagnostic testing for Helicobacter pylori can be divided into invasive and non-invasive techniques based upon the need for endoscopy. Serological test is one of the non – invasive tests although measuring these antibodies is not reliable method of diagnosis but may be used in certain condition.Objectives: To evaluate serum IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori by ELISA technique.Patients and Methods: The current study consisted of 115 patients (74 males, 41 females) attending The Gastrointestinal tract Center and Gastroscopy department in Baghdad Medical City and was subjected to gastroscopy, during the period from November 2004 to May 2005. Those how were examined for serum IgG against Helicobacter pylori by ELISA technique were compared with 10 apparently healthy individuals representing the control group.Results: By using the serological method (ELISA) 85 patients out of the 115 showed positive results (73.91%), however 7 out of the 10 individuals representing the control group were serologically positive (70%).Conclusion: Positive IgG antibody test for Helicobacter pylori indicates a marker for infection rather than an indicator for active infection.
The role of HSP60 in Atherosclerotic Coronary Heart disease
Authors: Kadhim Wurood A.S. , Mohaymen Nidhal A.
Published: October 2023

Background: Heat shock proteins have a general role in the response of the arterial wall to stress and may serve as a mediator/inducer of atherosclerosis in particular circumstances when HSPs specifically bind to the Toll-like receptor 4/CD14 complex, initiating an innate immune response, including the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, this also followed by cytokine amplification through transmigration of macrophages and neutrophils.Objective: To investigate the percentage of expression of HSP60 by peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) in atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD) patients using immunocytochemistry technique.Method: A total of fifty patient (40 males and 10 females), ranged from the mean age (59.12±8.54) years with a range from 42-80 years and fifteen, age and sex matched, apparently healthy individuals, taken as a healthy control group, were enrolled in the current study and the patients group were further classified into acute cases (n=11 patients) ״7 males and 4 females״ and chronic cases (n=39 patients) ״33 males and 6 females״. Three ml of blood sample had been taken from each subject, and immediately transferred to sterile heparinised vacutainer tubes for lymphocyte separation. Immunocytochemistry was used to detect HSP60 by using monoclonal antibody to HSP60 protein.Result: Results revealed a statistically significant elevation levels between patients and control groups (P=0.000), the expression of HSP60 was elevated in all patients with no significant difference between acute and chronic cases (P>0.001).Conclusions: HSP60 plays an important role in induction and development of atherosclerosis by stimulating different mechanisms which are the triggers for the process of atherosclerosis development. It is found in higher levels in both acute and chronic cases of atherosclerotic CHD in comparison with control cases.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PASSAGE OF VIBRATIONS THROUGH A FIXED SECTION OF AN ELONGATED PLATE CAUSED
BY THE ACTION OF THE AXIAL FORCE AT THE END
Authors: Paimushin V.N. , Shishkin V.M. , Gazizullin V.A. , Nuriev A.N.
Published: October 2023

A method has been developed for the experimental study of forced elastic vibrations of a cantilevered thin-walled structural element in the form of a rod-strip, excited due to the passage of vibrations through the section of a finite length fixed along one of the surfaces caused by axial loading by a harmonic force applied to the end of the fixed section. The experimental dependence of the amplitude values of the vibration accelerations of the point at the end of the console on the frequency of the excited bending vibrations of the end of the rod is obtained, indicating the passage of vibrations through the fixing section of the finite length, which occurs due to the transformation of longitudinal vibrations in the loading zone into longitudinal-transverse-shear vibrations of the rod-strip in the fixing zone, followed by their transformation into predominantly bending vibrations of the cantilever part of the rod. For the theoretical study of the described phenomenon, a transformational model of deformation of the rod-strip is constructed, taking into account the deformability of the fastening section of finite length on the basis of the refined model of S. Timoshenko. The cantilever part of the rod is represented by the classical Kirchhoff-Love model, taking into account geometric nonlinearity in determining axial deformations. The kinematic conditions of coupling of the fixed and cantilever parts of the rod are formulated. On the basis of the Hamilton-Ostrogradsky variational equation, the equations of motion of the non-fixed and fixed parts of the rod, as well as the boundary conditions for them and the force condition of conjugation of the marked parts of the rod are obtained. Numerical experiments have been carried out for a rod-strip made of aluminum alloy D16AT, showing a noticeable passage of vibrations through the fixing section of the final length into the cantilever part of the rod with a decrease in the dynamic shear modulus of the material to a certain value.
IMPROVING THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF 316L STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCED BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING AND STUDYING THE EFFECT OF POROSITY ON STRENGTH
Authors: Gryaznov M.Yu. , Shotin S.V. , Chuvildeev V.N. , Semenycheva A.V. , Musyaev R.K. , Yukhimchuk A.A.
Published: October 2023

The results of experiments on the study of the physical and mechanical properties and microstructure of 316L stainless steel produced by additive technology selective laser melting are obtained. The dependences of the physical and mechanical properties (density, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation to failure, Young's modulus, nano hardness) of 316L steel on the main parameters of the selective laser melting (laser power, scanning speed) are obtained. 316L steel produced by selective laser melting has high mechanical characteristics: tensile strength – 710 MPa; yield strength – 610 MPa; elongation to failure – 48%; relative density – 99.5%, which is comparable to the values obtained for 316L steel produced by traditional methods. These characteristics were obtained using the optimal parameters of selective laser melting: laser power 100 W, scanning speed 200 mm/s, layer thickness 50 ?m, the distance between the scanning tracks is 80 ?m. It is shown that the use of the “volumetric energy density” parameter is usefully for carrying out a primary assessment of technological modes and solving the problem of optimizing the parameters of selective laser melting to obtain a material with high physical and mechanical properties. The nonlinear dependence of the mechanical properties of 316L steel on the main technological parameters can be explained by the influence of porosity arising at non-optimal modes. It is shown that selective laser melting allows controlling the porosity of 316L steel by varying the parameters of the technological mode. Thus selective laser melting makes it possible to produce both a material with a high density close to theoretical values and a material with controlled porosity.
MATHEMATICAL AND MECHANICAL RELATIONSHIP OF CRACKS GRIFFITH AND A NEW TYPE IN SOME NANOTECHNOLOGIY
Authors: Babeshko V.A. , Evdokimova O.V. , Babeshko O.M.
Published: October 2023

In this paper, for the first time, mathematically strictly, models of Griffiths cracks and cracks of a new type are constructed simultaneously. Accurate models are constructed as a result of the convergence of the ends of two semi-infinite deformable stamps located on a deformable multilayer base. The mechanism of destruction of the medium by cracks of a new type is radically different from the mechanism of destruction of the medium by Griffiths cracks, and has so far been poorly studied. Griffiths formed his cracks with a smooth border as a result of compression from the sides of an elliptical cavity in the plate. Cracks of a new type have a piecewise smooth border, resulting from the replacement of an ellipse with a rectangle compressed from the sides. The construction of models in the work is based precisely on these descriptions of the origin of cracks formed by the ends of approaching deformable stamps. When creating models, the results of previously performed studies on the construction of exact solutions to a number of integral equations of contact problems, published in this journal, are used. The paper found that the destruction of the medium, in the case of cracks of a new type, occurs earlier than in the case of Griffith cracks, which, according to the authors, explains the reason for the destruction of Griffith cracks in the experiment earlier than the theory predicts. Griffiths explained this by the presence of microcracks on the border of the main crack. The authors tend to believe that the cause is the transformation of one type of crack into another, under certain conditions. The results obtained make it possible to compare and quantify the behavior of the medium in the presence of both one and another type of cracks. It is applicable both for the study of mutual transitions of Griffith cracks and cracks of a new type, and for the construction of models of adhesion of wetted nanoparticles.
Confirmation of the validity of the HLTV ranking
Authors: Rejthar Jan , Kotrba Vojtěch
Published: October 2023

This paper aims to test the validity of the esports ranking system published by HLTV, which is widely recognized and used for ranking teams in Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (CS:GO). The results of the study demonstrate that the HLTV ranking system has a reasonable level of explanatory power in predicting the outcomes of CS:GO matches. Furthermore, the study reveals that the difference in abilities between two consecutively ranked players decreases as their ranking in CS:GO gets lower, similar to tennis rankings, resulting in a pyramid-like structure. As a result, spectators, sponsors, and bettors can rely on the information provided by the ranking system to make informed decisions and enhance their viewing experience during tournaments.
Deep learning trends and future perspectives of web security and vulnerabilities
Authors: Chughtai Muhammad Saad , Bibi Irfana , Karim Shahid , Shah Syed Wajid Ali , Laghari Asif Ali , Khan Abdullah Ayub
Published: October 2023

Web applications play a vital role in modern digital world. Their pervasiveness is mainly underpinned by numerous technological advances that can often lead to misconfigurations, thereby opening a way for a variety of attack vectors. The rapid development of E-commerce, big data, cloud computing and other technologies, further enterprise services are entering to the internet world and have increasingly become the key targets of network attacks. Therefore, the appropriate remedies are essential to maintain the very fabric of security in digital world. This paper aims to identify such vulnerabilities that need to be addressed for ensuring the web security. We identify and compare the static, dynamic, and hybrid tools that can counter the prevalent attacks perpetrated through the identified vulnerabilities. Additionally, we also review the applications of AI in intrusion detection and pinpoint the research gaps. Finally, we cross-compare the various security models and highlight the relevant future research directions.
Fuzzy particle swarm for the right-first-time of fused deposition
Authors: AlAlaween Wafa’ H. , AlAlawin Abdallah H. , AbuHamour Saif O. , Gharaibeh Belal M.Y. , Mahfouf Mahdi , Alsoussi Ahmad , AbuKaraky Ashraf E.
Published: October 2023

Right-first-time production enables manufacturing companies to be profitable as well as competitive. Ascertaining such a concept is not as straightforward as it may seem in many industries, including 3D printing. Therefore, in this research paper, a right-first-time framework based on the integration of fuzzy logic and multi-objective swarm optimization is proposed to reverse-engineer the radial based integrated network. Such a framework was elicited to represent the fused deposition modelling (FDM) process. Such a framework aims to identify the optimal FDM parameters that should be used to produce a 3D printed specimen with the desired mechanical characteristics right from the first time. The proposed right-first-time framework can determine the optimal set of the FDM parameters that should be used to 3D print parts with the required characteristics. It has been proven that the right-first-time model developed in this paper has the ability to identify the optimal set of parameters successfully with an average error percentage of 4.7%. Such a framework is validated in a real medical case by producing three different medical implants with the desired mechanical characteristics for a 21-year-old patient.
PCB (Printed Circuit Board) Etching Machine Using ESP32-Camera Based Internet Of Things
Authors: Prasetyo Adi , Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin , Anshory Izza
Published: October 2023

Today's technology is automated. In car alarm devices, to automatic parking. This very rapid development of technology makes humans create equipment that can make it easier for humans. The etching process can also be called the Printed Circuit Board screen printing process, which is the creation of a path or layout that will connect between electrical components. PCB etching machine is a tool used to dissolve metal parts that are not designed on plain PCB boards using a mixture of chemical solutions, namely ferric chloride. Manual PCB processes usually take a long time and risk being exposed to ferrit chloride solutions for users. This article discusses how to make an automatic etching machine tool with a Microcontroller module that has a camera feature to monitor the editing results on a copper board. With the time method as the key to perfect results during the checking process. For as a driver, that is using a Servo Motor. The microcontroller used in this machine is an ESP32 camera based on the Internet of things Telegram as a Data Base media. For software design using fritzing software applications. The success of the PCB etching machine in this study is seen from testing tools ranging from voltage testing, microcontroller testing, real time a clock testing and Internet of Things system testing. From many of these tests, good results were obtained.
Application of simulation methods on vibration analysis of a bus driver seat using the quarter car 3DOF model subjected under harmonic excitation
Authors:   Department of Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Transportation Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT) – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, TRAN Huu Nhan , Pham Ngoc Dai ,   Department of Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Transportation Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT) – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
Published: October 2023

Vibration of bus driver's seat subjected under harmonic excitation, 3DOF (3 degrees of freedom) dynamic model is employed to carry out the calculation by 3 simulation methods. Mathematical model - numerical using Matlab programming language (Numerical model), Multi Body Dynamics (MBD) using Matlab Simmechanics tool (MBD model) and finite element model using Ansys APDL (FEM model) are employed. The strengths and limitations of each method are analyzed through the process of building models and retrieving the resulting data. The evaluation indexes include the response of driver's seat acceleration, response of the seat suspension's relative displacement and the seat suspension's vibration isolation ability according to two investigated cases of natural frequency and damping ratio. The obtained results from all 3 methods have no difference and the evaluation indexes are suitable according to the studies on vehicle vibration response. The Numerical model method requires the user to perform complex mathematical modeling. The MBD model method using Matlab Simmechanics is simpler, using built-in function blocks, requiring declarations to establish the exact initial equilibrium position of the mass elements. The FEM model method using Ansys APDL with keypoints and lines describing the model elements requires precise setting of the displacement of each keypoint. However, both the MBD and FEM model methods are only effective when investigating the response in the time domain for a particular instance of the excitation frequency. When analyzing the response in the frequency domain, which requires accessing and synthesizing data of many cases in the investigated frequency range, these two methods have many limitations in the calculation process, specifically, in performing complex computations with many loops and variables. Solving problems also takes longer than numerical method using mathematical model. The obtained results are analyzed in the time domain, frequency domain, and the value domain of the driver's seat suspension parameters. This result serves as a basis for developing the design of the driver's seat suspension system with nonlinear spring and shock absorber, and the selection of a calculation method suitable for each problem in the field of vehicle vibration.
Cultural diplomacy in mass culture since the beginning of the 21st century: The case of China
Authors:   JSC Bank for Foreign Trade of Viet Nam- Tan Dinh Branch, Vu Quoc Lieu , Nguyen Thao Nguyen Le ,   HCM University of Technology (HUTECH)
Published: October 2023

Cultural diplomacy is a type of diplomacy with cultural means to help with creating and maintaining "soft power" of a certain nation in relations with the others or in international relations in general, in addition to "hard power" of military means. This type of diplomacy has been widely recognized since the 1970s with Joseph Nye’s works and has been an important part of practical activities of many nations in both the West and the East, including China, although the academia and government in every country usually have their own definitions and strategies which are developed from the original by Nye. In almost the same time, the world has witnessed the rise of what called "popular culture" (or "mass culture"). Radically different from "high culture" (or "culture culture") related to the high class kept in textbooks, classrooms and libraries, mass culture is based on the industrial means to meet with the demand of mass consumption. From the beginning of the 21st century, the development of mass culture has even more rapidly thanks to the rise of information technology, mass media and social networks, setting a new theme to every cultural movement including cultural diplomacy. In this essay, we are supposed to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of cultural diplomacy, which deeply relates to political power in the theme of mass culture, which aims to mass consumption in order to make mass profit in the first 20 years of this century, especially with Chinese cultural diplomacy as a typical case. This very beginning discussion may draw attention to the relations between mass culture and cultural diplomacy in the world nowadays and to putting forward to further solutions to this relation.
Competency requirements for Vietnam’s academic librarians: a content analysis of job advertisements from 2015 to 2021
Authors:   University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Ngô Huyền Thị
Published: October 2023

In the context of the constantly changing information and technology environment, academic libraries are gradually transforming from a traditional model to a modern one with the rise of digital technology application. This shift has affected the role of academic librarians and has resulted in competency requirements from employers. This study collected 63 academic librarian job advertisements published on online channels between 2015 and April 30, 2021 in order to explore the competency requirements for Vietnam's academic librarians in recent years. The study employed descriptive statistics analysis, calculating the frequency of occurrence of the collected job advertisements' content. For vacancies, the research found that the positions that appeared most often in the job advertisements were librarians and digital librarians. At the same time, the observed libraries only recruited staff positions. There was a lack of job advertisements for library manager positions. Regarding job duties and responsibilities, research results showed that job advertisements mainly mentioned professional activities, information resource management and information services. In terms of required competencies, job advertisements indicated the following requirements: (1) bachelor's degree in Library and Information Science or Information Management, (2) the English language, (3) computer and information technology skills, (4) work experience, (5) professional knowledge and skills such as professional expertise, training, technology and marketing, (6) management knowledge and skills, (7) teamwork and interpersonal skills, and (8) attitudes, for example a sense of responsibility.
Proposing the evaluation criteria for linguistic errors through surveying the Chinese-Vietnamese translation by students at the elementary level: a case study at the Faculty of Chinese Linguistics and Literature, USSH, VNUHCM
Authors:   University of Social Sciences & Humanities, VNU-HCM, Viet Nam, Le Minh Thanh , Tran Truong Huynh Le ,   University of Social Sciences & Humanities, VNU-HCM, Vietnam
Published: October 2023

In the course of translation-related subject teaching, we have found that the translation teaching at the Faculty of Chinese Linguistics and Literature, USSH, VNUHCM has not had a consensus on the evaluation criteria for the Chinese-Vietnamese translation in accordance with the teaching environment, which makes it difficult for both teachers and learners in the teaching and learning process. Therefore, specifying the error scale is essential for the objective assessment of students' learning outcomes. With the goal of building an error scale as a basis for evaluation, the study uses the actual data on linguistic translation errors collected from learners' Chinese-Vietnamese translation practice, combined with Chinese-Vietnamese translation theories (selecting the criteria that can be applied to the teaching environment) and translation analysis methods, thereby proposing the suitable criteria for the error scale of evaluating the Chinese-Vietnamese translation at the elementary level. The research results suggest the criteria for identifying common linguistic errors in the Chinese-Vietnamese translation at the elementary level. In addition, these results will support teachers better in marking and evaluating elementary-level translation tests as well as helping learners better understand common errors in the process of learning and practicing elementary-level translation.
Research competency-based model for lecturers at universities: literature review
Authors:   University of Social Sciences and Humanities, VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Bui Ha Phuong , Duong Minh Quang ,   University of Social Sciences and Humanities, VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Bui Ngoc Quang ,   University of Social Sciences and Humanities, VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Bui Thi Thanh Dieu ,   Khanh Hoa University, Vietnam
Published: October 2023

Scientific research is one of the compulsory tasks for lecturers. The results of the lecturer's scientific research tasks are based on each lecturer's general competence and lecturers' research competence in particular. The lecturers' scientific research competence is reflected in the quantity and quality of scientific research outputs and in the outcomes of scientific and technological tasks. Currently, the development of scientific research competence of lecturers at universities is carried out through many various forms and measures. In particular, the building of a model of lecturers' scientific research competence is one of the necessary factors to evaluate the competence of human resources in general and the scientific research competence of lecturers in particular. The paper focuses on clarifying the theoretical basis of some models of research competence of lecturers at universities. By using the method of literature review, the paper aims to analyze some advantages and limitations of each model in order to provide references and suggestions for new research directions in this field. The research outputs of this paper contribute to the building of scientific research competence for lecturers at Vietnamese universities.