bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic Literature Review on Outdoor Learning and Vocational Education and Training
Authors: Hildmann Jule
Published: January 2022

The report presents the procedure and findings of a systematic review of international literature on Outdoor Learning (OL) in Vocational Education and Training (VET) contexts. While OL is a widely established and successful practice to promote personal, social and leadership skills in VET settings, very little literature and research directly address the tools employed in this field and the learning effects they produce. Wider literature on Outdoor Learning, Outdoor (Adventure) Education and leadership training and team development programmes provide substantial evidence that OL in VET successfully promotes the transversal and transformative competencies that are called for in international frameworks for life-long learning, e.g. by the UNESCO and OECD. Among key factors leading to these effects are the multi-sensory engagement in the outdoors, real-life challenges and applications, measures for post-course integration of the learning into the work environment, and (self-)reflection. Direct literature and research on OL in VET is called for to expand and refine this body of knowledge.
Curriculum Restructuring and Job Creation Among Nigerian Graduates: The Mediating Role of Emerging Internet Applications
Authors: Owan Valentine Joseph , Agurokpon Daniel Clement , Udida Joseph Udida
Published: January 2022

Existing literature on entrepreneurship education has continually highlighted its potential for job creation. However, much attention has not been paid to the restructuring of the curriculum that can enable entrepreneurship education to thrive for job creation. This study used a structural equation modelling approach to understand the mediating role that the deployment of emerging Internet Applications (IAs) play in the nexus between curriculum restructuring and job creation. Being a quantitative study, a virtual snowball sample of 4,628 higher education graduates (males = 2,362; females = 2,266) participated in an electronic survey that was designed by the researchers. Results indicate that curriculum restructuring has a substantial link with the deployment of emerging Internet Applications and job creation respectively. The deployment of emerging Internet applications substantially contributes to the job creation activities of Nigerian graduates. There is a significant positive mediation effect of the deployment of emerging Internet applications on the link between curriculum restructuring and job creation by Nigerian graduates. Based on these results practical implications are discussed, while it was concluded that curriculum restructuring and the deployment of emerging Internet applications are very important variables for job creation.
Analysis of breast cancer organizations’ online presence in different geographical contexts
Authors: Míguez González María Isabel , García-Mirón Silvia , Torres-Romay Emma
Published: January 2022

This paper contributes offers a descriptive analysis of the online activity and impact of breast cancer organizations in different geographical contexts, with different economic and technological development levels and different incidence and mortality rates, with a sample of 24 organizations from 24 countries. The analysis considers variables such as posting frequency, time of presence on the social network and number and evolution of likes, views, followers, and subscribers. The results show that the organizations from the more developed countries have an earlier and more varied presence on the online world. Disease’s incidence correlate to a certain extent with the presence of these organizations on social networks and with their reception results while mortality rate is not related to these aspects. Facebook is the most used network; however, Instagram, with better performance and a growing number of users, is a good alternative for organizations that want to strengthen their online activity. These results confirm the need to broaden the perspective of studies on the online communication of breast cancer organizations, considering underdeveloped or developing countries. This will help these organizations to develop more effective practices that, considering the increasing use of social media in these countries, might have a meaningful impact in the medium term.
Flat pneumatic elements and their potential use in the construction of dwelling facilities within emergency housing systems
Authors: Szymański Witold
Published: January 2022

As part of this study, experimental and theoretical investigations into the strength and stiffness of flat pneumatic elements to be used in lightweight dwelling structures, enabling the quick assembly of the latter, were undertaken.

On the basis of the experimentally and theoretically determined parameters of the elements it will be possible to design configurations of spatial pneumatic structures.

In particular, the following were devised and carried out:

a theoretical assessment of the load capacity and stiffness of selected pneumatic elements depending on their dimensions, internal pressure and fixing and support conditions,

an experimental verification of the obtained results.

This study has an exploratory character and constitutes the basis for the design and implementation of original technical, constructional and architectural solutions relating to the application of spatial pneumatic structures in the emergency system.

It should be mentioned that in the known literature on the subject there is no theoretical basis for designing structures whose principal member is a flat pneumatic element.

In the construction industry such structures have not been used so far. An exemplary solution of the spatial dwelling structure has been patented under the name Obiekt mieszkalny (Dwelling facility), (patent no. 131 528, of 18.04.1988).
Trade Liberalization, Consumption Shifting and Pollution: Evidence from Mexico's Used Vehicle Imports
Authors: Chen Liang , García-Medina Cecilia , Wan Rui
Published: January 2022

En este documento se desarrolla un modelo del comercio de vehículos usados entre países con diferentes regulaciones ambientales con respecto a las emisiones de autos. Se prueba que en EUA, dado las estrictas regulaciones ambientales, hay incentivos para exportar autos usados a México, lo cual afecta las emisiones de contaminación del aire por la movilidad vehicular en México. Utilizando una base de datos del registro de vehículos en México y de importaciones posteriores a la firma de TLCAN, se encuentra que las importaciones de vehículos usados de México redujeron el promedio de emisiones de contaminantes vehiculares debido principalmente al "efecto técnico" -diferencia de emisiones de vehículos de modelo y edad comparables entre los que circulan en EUA antes de ser importados (emiten menos contaminantes) y los que circulan en México.
FOREST BASED ACTIVITY AND CONTRIBUTION OF WOMEN IN ENRICHING TASAR COCOON PRODUCTION IN CHHATTISGARH STATE – A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Srinivas Chinta , Maheswari K. Sai
Published: January 2022

Livelihood opportunities in Indian subcontinent for tribal and village population are very limited. NTFPs offers some
amount of support for various tribal communities who thrive on procurement of non-timber forest products and
marketing them to fulll their basic necessities of food and clothing. With environment lobbies becoming stronger and governments yielding to
their inuences by making stricter forest laws thus are restricting the tribal population to explore other means for their survival. Tasar culture is
one of the most suitable and highly specialized occupations which have been practiced in tribal and inaccessible area of Chhattisgarh with larger
tribal population by producing tasar cocoons and marketing them. In the process, Chhattisgarh state has emerged as the second largest producer of
Tasar silk or popularly known as Kosa Silk locally. The women populations engaged in or supporting the activities of tasar culture are of prime
signicance by contributing substantial labour force in various activities of tasar culture. Women constitute about 33% of manual work force in
various activities of production of cocoons and subsequent chain of reeling and spinning activities. The present paper deals with the various
aspects of women empowerment engaged in tasarculture activities have been enumerated and subsequent contribution to rural economy have
been assessed. The state of chhattisgarh is formed few decades ago has made signicant strides in production of tasar silk. Women's contribution
in achieving milestones is highlighted.
A STUDY TO EVALUATE CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS OF AGE BELOW 50 YEARS WITH INTRACAPSULAR FRACTURE OF NECK OF FEMUR TREATED BY CANNULATED CANCELLOUS SCREW FIXATION
Authors: Nagaraju M. , Ponnada Rajesh , Kumar K. Harish , C Lokesh
Published: January 2022

Intracapsular femoral neck fractures are commonly seen in the elderly population after a trivial fall. However, femoral
neck fractures in adults younger than 50 are uncommon and often result from high-energy trauma. They account for only
2-3% of all femoral neck fractures. It is crucial to understand and contrast the differences between elderly and young adult patients to evaluate and
treat femoral neck fractures. Characteristic differences are seen for the osseous and vascular anatomy, the mechanism of injury, associated
injuries, fracture pattern, and treatment goals. Femoral neck fractures in young adults are associated with higher incidences of femoral head
osteonecrosis and nonunion. The rate of osteonecrosis reported in the literature ranges from 12-86% in young patients after femoral neck fracture.
This devastating complication may lead to the collapse of the femoral head and subsequent osteoarthritis. Reoperation and salvage procedures
such as osteotomy have high failure rates, and arthroplasty procedures are not ideal given the young age and higher activity levels. This study
attempts to evaluate the internal xation of intracapsular fracture of the neck of the femur with multiple cannulated cancellous lag screws. Patients
selected for this surgery were between 15 to 50 years old with intracapsular fracture of neck of femur who were admitted and treated in Kurnool
Medical College and Hospital, Kurnool, A.P., from October 2019 to October 2021.
EFFECT OF INTRAMUSCULAR DROTAVERINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND CAMYLOFIN DIHYDROCHLORIDE ON CERVICAL DILATATION IN FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR
Authors: Shiva Shiva , Sinha Chitra
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Labour is one of the most important aspect of a woman's life. Its duration affects not only the mother but
also the foetus. Cervical dilatation is one of the most important factors which determines the duration of labour. Hence,
there is a need to nd a cervical dilator which optimizes the rate of cervical dilatation and also has no adverse effect on the mother and the foetus.
The prolonged duration of labour affects the pregnant woman by exposing her to maternal exhaustion, increased chance of instrumental delivery,
infection, and post partum haemorrhage.
Aim: To compare and evaluate the rate of cervical dilatation from onset of true labour pain to full dilatation of cervix in women receiving
intramuscular Drotaverine hydrochloride and Camylon dihydrochloride.
Type of study: Prospective study
Study period: 2 years (April 2019 to March 2021)
Material And Methods: This study is conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Patna Medical College & Hospital, Patna,
amongst women attending antenatal clinic and emergency obstetric unit. This study is conducted in 100 women who are randomly divided into 2
groups of 50 each. Group I comprised of 50 women who are administered Drotaverine hydrochloride and Group II comprised of rest 50 women
who are administered Camylon dihydrochloride.
Result: This study is carried out to compare the efcacy of Drotaverine hydrochloride and Camylon dihydrochloride on cervical dilatation.
Mean cervical dilatation rate is signicantly more in Group II than in Group I. Time interval from administration of drug to delivery is
signicantly more in Group I than in Group II. Signicantly more women delivered after rst dosage in Group II than in Group I.
Conclusion: Both the drugs have been found to be effective in reducing the duration of labour and pain. Out of the two drugs involved in the
present study, Camylon dihydrochloride is more effective than Drotaverine hydrochloride in reducing the duration of labour.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TEARING PATTERN OF PRETERM AND TERM NEONATES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE AT EASTERN INDIA
Authors: Halder Pampa , Kanji Soumi , Pratap Vishwanath , Bandyopadhyay Manas
Published: January 2022

Background: The preterm and term neonates secret basal and reex tear. The tear deciency can cause various ocular and
systemic effects of drugs, used topically. If there is any reduced reex and basal tear secretion then it may mask the
diagnosis of nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
Aims And Objectives: To evaluate basal and reex tear production in preterm (post-conceptional age <37 weeks) and term (post conceptional
age ≥37 weeks) neonates.
Methods: 60 preterm and 60 term neonates were examined. Tear secretion was evaluated by applying Schirmer test strips at inferior fornix for 5
minutes before (reex plus basal secretion) and after (basal secretion) applying topical anesthetic agent.
Results: Mean (± SD) basal tear secretion was 5.76 (±1.44) mm in preterm and 7.73 (±1.87) mm in term neonates. Mean (± SD) reex tear
secretion was 7.01 (±1.34) mm in preterm and 12.45 (± 2.28) mm in term neonates.
Conclusions: Preterm neonates have reduced reex and basal tear secretion than term neonates. In term neonates tear production is similar to
that in adults.
CONSENT IN ANAESTHESIA
Authors: Choudhary Bharti , Sharma Nishchint
Published: January 2022

Legally, two or more persons are said to consent when they agree upon the same thing in the same sense. It is patient’s legal
and moral right, to be informed about the risks, benets, and alternatives to proposed treatments.1Consent is required for
closer adherence to legal requirements and to reduce the risk of litigation. Getting a mere signature on a form is no consent. Document it. If you
haven’t documented it, you didn’t do it and it constitutes medical malpractice. Taking proper consent is potential time and money savings related to
reduced litigation and provides better patient safety and satisfaction.
REVIEW ON THE GENUS TRACHYPITHECUS: DISCOVERY OF A NEW SPECIES AND A DECLINE IN THE POPULATION.
Authors: Chavan Rohit , Soni Shouriehebal
Published: January 2022

The current work is a research article that aims to review the genus Trachypithecus: the discovery of the new species Popa
Langur (Trachypithecus popa) and the current conservation status of the genus. The present study is based on the research
work of Dr. who with his team conducted a study to clarify the phylogeny of Christian Roos Trachypithecus, a genus in the family Cercopithecidae
which led to the discovery of a new species Popa Langur. The review is an attempt to summarize the reason for the species to have remained
unidentied for many years. Based on the research work available on the genus Trachypithecus and further on Popa langur, the possible reason for
speciation is contested. The population of the animal is declining; the present study looks into the reasons for a decrease in its numbers. It can be
considered that loss of habitat, restrictive diet along with foraging behavior, human activity, and intrusion might be the reason for the species to be
less in numbers and remain unobtrusive. The current research article emphasizes the possible outcomes and difculties faced by the genus.
CRYPTO CURRENCY: ITS SCOPE AND IMPACT ON INDIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Firdous Arshi , Roy Gaurav
Published: January 2022

The advancement of information and communication technologies has always created innumerable opportunities in
several aspects. Cryptocurrency is one such innovative concept of decentralized virtual currency. Cryptocurrency is a
substitute for at money, designed to work as a medium of exchange. The use of cryptocurrency has become widespread in many different systems
in recent years. This paper is an outcome of exploratory researches about Cryptocurrency and its impact on the Indian economy. The study also
concentrates on the present and future scenarios of Cryptocurrency. Besides that, this paper also analysis the regulation and legislation towards
Crypto currency to get a clear picture of laws and orders that regulates the working of Cryptocurrency in India.
JOB SATISFACTION LEVELS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: Srinivasulu B. , Rajendraprasad D.
Published: January 2022

An attempt was made in the present investigation isAim:Job satisfaction levels of secondary school teachers. Objective:
To study the differences between gender, locality and type of management on job satisfaction of secondary school
teachers. Sample: Sample for the present study consists of 600 high school teachers working in government and private schools of rural and urban
areas in Warangal district of Telangana State. Job satisfaction scal Tool: e was developed by B.Srinivasulu and Prof. D. Rajendraprasad (2017) was
administered. There are no signicant differences between male and female Conclusions: with regard to job satisfaction. Urban area teachers are
more satised than the rural area teachers and There are no signicant differences between government and private teachers with regard to job
satisfaction.
IL28B GENETIC VARIATION ASSOCIATION WITH SPONTANEOUS CLEARANCE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS IN WOMEN AND CHILDREN
Authors: Mariam Kapanadze , Maia Butsashvili , Olga Chubinishvili , George Kamkamidze
Published: January 2022

Despite the rapid development of theoretical and clinical medicine in
the twenty-rst century, nevertheless, a number of unresolved and
problematic diseases remain. One of the most acute and global
problem for modern medicine is hepatitis C. Despite signicant
changes in the pathogenic landscape of the viral society of the earth, in
terms of incidence, hospitalization and disability, hepatitis С is still the
leader among other diseases of public health importance [6]. There are
currently more than 170 million people infected with Hepatitis C in the
World, which accounts for more than 3% of the total civilian
population [4]. Globally, an estimated 71 million people have chronic
hepatitis C virus infection. Antiviral medicines can cure more than
95% of persons with hepatitis C infection, thereby reducing the risk of
death from cirrhosis and liver cancer, but access to diagnosis and
treatment is low [14]
SCRUB TYPHYS MIMICKING ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS IN PREGNANCY, A CASE REPORT
Authors: Singh Vinita , Rastogi Aparajita , Kodumuri Loukya , Shanbhag Vijayalakshmi , Shrivastava Chandrashekhar , Sinha Nutan
Published: January 2022

Scrub typhus is an infectious disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, carried by mites. It is endemic in Southeast Asia,
including India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from sub-clinical
disease to organ failure to fatal disease. We are reporting the case of a 22yr old primigravida at 33 weeks of gestation with acute febrile illness,
burning micturition, breathlessness, raised bilirubin and hepatomegaly which lead to a diagnostic dilemma between pyelonephritis and scrub
typhus. After her evaluation, acute pyelonephritis with the features of sepsis with scrub typhus infection was found. The characteristic eschar of
scrub typhus was absent in our patient. IgM antibody for scrub typhus came positive in our case. Azithromycin, a macrolide, is the drug of choice
for treatment in pregnant women owing to its safety prole and our patient too responded well to 5 days treatment of 500 mg of Azithromycin
TO STUDY THE CLINICAL, RADIOLOGICAL AND MICROBIAL PROFILE OF PULMONARY INFECTION IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS
Authors: Dumne Pravin Balasaheb , Khatavkar Parag , Kale Madhav
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND The lung is one of the most frequently involved organs in complications of immunocompromised host. Among these, pulmonary infection is the most common complication. The chest radiograph is initial diagnostic tool for detection of suspected pulmonary infection in immunocompromised. However, chest radiograph ndings are nonspecic in determining pathogens. The early use of Computed Tomography (CT) is helpful in detecting pulmonary lesions which may not be evident on routine chest radiographs. But there is overlap of CT nding in different infections. This study is therefore, designed to document the clinical, radiological & microbial prole of pulmonary infection in immunocompromised patients. AIM To study the clinical, radiological and microbial prole of pulmonary infection in immunocompromised patients, and to study diagnostic yield of sputum examination, induced Sputum examination & bronchoscopic BAL examination. METHODS The present prospective descriptive observational study was conducted in the Department of Chest Medicine at King Edward Memorial Hospital, Pune. It included immunocompromised patients with lower respiratory tract infection symptoms. A total number of 70 indoor & OPD patient with urban & rural background were included in the study. Among them 45 patients were HIV reactive group and 25 patients were having Non-HIV immunocompromised condition. All of them had pulmonary infection. The study was conducted over a period of 15 months. RESULTS Incidence of pulmonary infection was higher in age 31-40 years (28.58%). There were 51 males and 19 females. Opportunistic infections were more common in males as compared to females. Majority of immunocompromised patients were HIV reactive (64.3%) followed by of Malignancy (15.7%). Focal non homogenous opacity (37.5%) was most common radiological nding followed by consolidation with air brochogram (25%). Pulmonary Tuberculosis (40.5%) was most common opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients followed by bacterial (30.38 %) and fungal infections (17.72%). Sputum (40.98), induced sputum examination (19.29), and Bronchoscopy with BAL (91.42%) had good diagnostic yield in diagnosis of pulmonary infection in immunocompromised patients. CONCLUSION Induced sputum had less diagnostic yield in immunocompromised patients and also it is time consuming.Early bronchoscopy with BAL remains crucial to establish the diagnosis in immunocompromised patients with pulmonary infection when the cause is infectious in nature.
STUDY OF CLINICAL PROFILE, RADIOLOGICAL PRESENTATION, AND PROGNOSTIC PREDICTORS OF COVID 19 POSITIVE PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Gaikwad Sachin , Dumne Pravin B. , Dapke-Deshmukh Diggajh Ramesh
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND The rst case of Covid-19 was identied in Wuhan city, China in December 2019. The symptoms of Covid-19 are variable that
include fever, cough, fatigue, breathing problem, loss of smell and taste. The virus is spreading through human touch and small droplets and
aerosols. The numbers of deaths due to the virus is increasing day by day and it causing various issues for the government and people to maintain the
business and employment.
AIMTo study clinical prole, radiological presentation, and prognostic predictors of COVID-19 positive patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
METHODS It was a retrospective observational study conducted on 103 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Clinical characteristics and
outcomes of consecutive adult patients admitted to Sahyaadrie Multi-specialty hospitals, dedicated covid health care (DCHC), Osmanabad,
st (Maharashtra) from 1 October 2020 to 31 Dec 2020 were studied. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was conrmed by Rapid antigen test
and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on the throat and/or nasopharyngeal swabs.
RESULTS There were 49 patients (47.6%) belonging to the rural area and 54 patients (52.4%) belonging to the urban area. The majority of the
patients (n = 77) had an abnormal respiratory rate of more than 20 breaths per minute. Chest X-Ray showed that 26 patients (25.24%) had a normal
chest x-ray and 77 patients (74.75%) had an abnormal chest x-ray. The average HRTCT score was 10.92 with 12 patients (11.7%) having upper
HRCT level, 63 patients (61.2%) having middle HRCT level and 89 patients (86.4%) with lower HRCT level.
CONCLUSION Male patients over the age of 55 years are most prone to Covid-19. The virus is hurting the respiratory system of human and
affecting the living condition as patients with cancer, diabetes and other critical illnesses are having a strong impact on the body and internal
system.
MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF LEUKORRHOEA IN WOMEN OF THE REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP
Authors: H Beena , Gupta Megha , Agrawal Ekshit , Shetty Mamatha , Tyagi Sangam
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION: Leukorrhoea develops due to physiological and pathological conditions among women of reproductive age.Due to its
presentation, determining the source and cause of discharge is crucial, therefore, differential diagnosis and microbiological prole would aid in its
management.
AIM: To identify etiological agents and estimate their proportions in leucorrhoea among women of reproductive age for better treatment of genital
tract infection.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted at the OBG Department of a tertiary medical hospital from January 2018 to
December 2018. Vaginal swabs were collected sterilely from 152 patients complaining of abnormal vaginal discharge or any other associated
ailment. Samples were processed for culture as per standard recommendations. Bacterial vaginosis(BV)was diagnosed by clinical composite
criteria (Amsel's criteria) and Gram stain (Nugent's score).
RESULTS: Among the 152 patients, infectious etiology was observed in 65.8%, normal ora in 28.9% & no growth in 5.3% in culture media. BV
(44%) had higher prevalence followed by Candidiasis (26%) and Trichomoniasis (2%). Amsel's criteria identied 28.9% of BV compared to
Nugent's criteria (25%).A considerable increase in non-albicans Candida species (53.8%) was observed compared to Candia albicans(46.2%).
Other organisms isolated included, Acinetobacter spp. (3.6%), Pseudomonas spp. (14.3%), E. coli (39.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.7%),
MSSA (10.7%), Enterococcus spp. (21.4%).
CONCLUSION:Bacterial vaginosis was the prominent cause of infection in leukorrhoea among the women of reproductive age. Timely
diagnosis and appropriate management avert serious complications and risks of ectopic pregnancy, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and abdominal
discomfort.
GIANT OVARIAN CYST IN 18 YEAR OLD FEMALE – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Shakeeb Momin , Khatoon Heena , Khan Alina , Sehrish Sumaiya , Hashmi Murtuza , Nizamuddin Mohammed , Yasmeen Wafa
Published: January 2022

Ovarian cysts are common, and are usually less than 4cm. A giant cyst in one which is more than 10cm. Giant cystadenocarcinomas of the ovary are
less frequently described. Most of the ovarian carcinomas are of serous type and only 3-4% are of mucinous type. Ovarian mucinous tumors consist
of benign, borderline, and carcinomatous tumors. Giant cysts require resection because of compressive symptoms and/or risk of malignancy and
their management invariably requires laparotomy to prevent perforation and spillage of the cyst uid into peritoneal cavity. Here, we present a case
of an 18 year old female with rapidly progressing abdominal distension and vague abdominal pain. Along with clinical evaluation and lab
investigations she was subjected to imaging which included Ultrasonography and MR Imaging. She underwent exploratory laparotomy for
excision of the cystic mass. On histopathological examination, mass was found to be mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with low malignant potential.
The main aim of this report is to draw attention to huge ovarian epithelial cysts with unsuspected presentation contributing to any underdiagnosis,
misdiagnosis, and mismanagement that might occur.
Analysis of Conduction Band Offset Variation on the Electrostatics of UTB Devices through the Modified Effective Mass Approximation (mEMA)
Authors: Kansal Harshit , Vilochan Mishra Nalin , Solanki Ravi , Medury Aditya S
Published: January 2022

In Ultra-thin Body (UTB) devices, besides the Ultra-thin (UT) nature of the channel, which manifests in terms of Quantum Confinement Effects (QCEs), the Band-offsets between the oxide and channel materials at their interface, also tends to strongly impact the channel electrostatics. Despite being very accurate in calculating the band-structure and hence considering QCEs for a given channel material, the Tight-Binding (TB) method tends to be more complicated to use at the channel/oxide interface of MOS devices, while on the other hand the Effective Mass Approximation (EMA) in spite of being less accurate, is a simpler approach to consider the effects of band-offsets at the interface. Given its accuracy, we firstly use the $sp^3d^5s^*$ TB method to calculate the Band-structure and then by considering significant k-points, efficiently incorporate the QCE into the electrostatics of Double-Gate (DG) Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) MOS devices. Considering these results as a reference, with the assumption of an infinite potential well, we propose a modified Effective Mass Approximation (mEMA) approach, whereby introducing energy correction parameters, along with the effective mass parameters, all of which are shown to be gate bias, channel and oxide thickness dependent, the results obtained from the proposed approach are shown to have good agreement with the results from TB method. In order to analyze the effect of Conduction-Band Offset variations on the channel electrostatics parameters, we consider an $SiO_2$ layer of thickness of $1$ $nm$ and show the effect of different Band-offsets on the integrated charge density and gate capacitance, using the mEMA approach.
On the Existence of Perfectly Isotropic Radiators
Authors: Mikki Said
Published: January 2022

We revisit the problem of realizing perfectly isotropic antennas based on recent developments in nonlocal antenna theory. The key obstacle against the existence of exactly isotropic antennas is traced back to the hairy ball theorem in algebraic and differential topology. A path blocking the applicability of this no-go theorem is to allow for complementary longitudinal modes to coexist with matching transverse modes in the antenna exterior region. Nonlocal antennas (radiators embedded into nonlocal metamaterial exterior domains) are possible future antenna technologies capable of dealing with both transverse and longitudinal modes. It is rigorously demonstrated that the recently proposed nonlocal Proca metamaterial (massive electromagnetism) leads to small nonlocal dipole antennas with perfectly isotropic radiation pattern. A tentative proposal for a possible experimental realization of perfectly isotropic radiators in the future is briefly outlined.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIK SISWA MENGGUNAKAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH
Authors: Purba Oktaviana Nirmala
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) apakah peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematik antara siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih tinggi daripada kemampuan komunikasi matematik siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan pembelajaran biasa, (2) apakah terdapat interaksi yang signifikan antara kemampuan awal siswa dan pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematik siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian seluruh siswa kelas X-IA SMA Asy-Syafi′iyah Internasional Medan yang berjumlah 250 siswa, dengan mengambil sampel dua kelas  berjumlah 62 siswa melalui teknik purpose sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari: tes kemampuan komunikasi matematik dengan materi Peluang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) hasil perhitungan menggunakan Anava dua jalur yaitu  116,456, sedangkan nilai sig. 0,00 < 0,05 artinya peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematik antara siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih tinggi daripada kemampuan komunikasi matematik siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan pembelajaran biasa, (2) hasil perhitungan anava dua jalur yaitu  0,775 dengan nilai sig. 0,446 > 0,05  artinya tidak terdapat interaksi antara kemampuan awal siswa dan pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematik siswa. Kata kunci :    komunikasi matematik siswa, pembelajaran berbasis masalah
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA SMP PERCUT SEI TUAN MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD
Authors: Siregar Tanti Jumaisyaroh
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui: perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis antara siswa yang diberi pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dengan siswa yang diberi pembelajaran langsung. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu. Variabel penelitian ini terdiri atas variabel bebas yaitu model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD sedangkan variabel terikatnya yaitu kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP Swasta Al-Maksum Percut Sei Tuan dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII dengan mengambil dua kelas  secara acak (kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol) sebanyak 66 orang dimana kelas VIII-2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII-3 sebagai kelas kontrol . Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut diperoleh yaitu: peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang diberi pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD lebih tinggi daripada siswa yang diberi pembelajaran langsung. Oleh karena itu,disarankan agar kooperatif tipe STAD dijadikan alternatif bagi guru untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir pemecahan masalah matematis siswa.
PENGARUH METODE PROBLEM SOLVING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI APLIKASI TURUNAN
Authors: Mardiana Sri
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh metode problemsolving terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada Materi Aplikasi Turunan di Kelas XI SMA Swasta Daerah Meranti Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016, Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas XI di SMA Swasta Daerah Meranti. Sampel penelitian  kelas X1 IPA1 dengan jumlah siswa 34 siswa, XI IPA2 dengan jumlah siswa 34 siswa. Kelas X1 IPA1 sebagai eksperimen dan XI IPA2 sebagai kelas kontrol. XI IPA1 dilakukan penelitian dengan metode problem solving dan kelas XI IPA2 menggunakan metode konvensional. Alat pengumpulan data digunakan  tes belajar siswa pada materi Aplikasi Turunan dengan bentuk tes esai. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal materi Aplikasi Turunan yang diajarkan dengan metode problem solving yaitu XI IPA1 diperoleh nilai yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa yang diajar dengan metode konvensional. Nilai thitung = 2,22 dan ttabel = 1,99, maka Ha diterima.
ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA PADA MATERI TEOREMA SISA DI SMA NEGERI 1 AEK KUASAN
Authors: Nasution Ira Permata , Irwan Irwan
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan yang dihadapi siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal teorema sisa. Untuk mengetahui kesulitan – kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal – soal Terema sisa, peneliti menggunakan tabel kesulitan siswa sebagai pedoman mencari faktor penyebab kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal teorema sisa. Sampel yang diambil yaitu siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Aek Kuasan Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016 berjumlah 34 siswa. Kesulitan yang dilakukan siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Aek Kuasan Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016 dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal Teorema sisa adalah : (1) Siswa kesulitan dalam menentukan rumus yang sesuai dengan soal dikarenakan siswa tidak memahami konsep soal, (2) Kesulitan siswa terlihat pada kurangnya ketelitian siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal, (3)Siswa salah dalam proses perhitungan karena kurang teliti dalam proses perhitungan.
MODEL PENENTUAN LOKASI SERVER
Authors: Zakiah Nina
Published: January 2022

Pada tulisan ini, diperkenalkan model permasalahan lokasi server dengan mengas- umsikan model antrian m/m/k. Jumlah server harus berada pada node jaringan. Permintaan untuk server ini dihasilkan pada setiap node dan bagian dari node harus dipilih untuk mencari satu atau lebih server di setiap titik. Tidak ada batasan pada jumlah server yang dapat dibentuk di setiap node. Setiap pelang- gan pada node memilih server terdekat jumlah permintaan dibagi sama ketika jarak terdekat diukur untuk lebih dari satu node. Tujuannya adalah untuk memi- nimalkan jumlah waktu perjalanan dan waktu rata-rata yang dihabiskan di server untuk semua pelanggan dengan mempertimbangkan biaya pengeluaran
Uji Kelayakan Media Pembelajaran Berorientasi Matematika Realistik dan Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Ayuningsih Ni Putu Meina , Pratiwi Luh Putu Safitri , Ciptahadi Ketut Gus Oka
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study aims to test the feasibility of realistic mathematics-oriented learning media and local wisdom on the material of Constructing Flat Sided Space with the subject of Beams. This learning media is oriented towards the characteristics of the Realistic Mathematics Approach (PMR), namely linking real objects that exist in students' daily lives and implied advice sourced from local wisdom in the media. Data collection techniques using validation questionnaire sheets. The instrument used is a validation questionnaire sheet to determine the feasibility of the media. The data analysis technique used in the research is descriptive quantitative to process data in the form of scores from the assessment by the validator formulated with the Gregory formula. Then qualitative descriptive to describe the data in the form of comments suggestions for improvement from the validator. Based on the results of the validation of the realistic mathematics-oriented learning media and local wisdom, it was declared valid and feasible before product testing because it obtained an average score of 3,38. The score meets the criteria for the validity of the learning device because the value of  is in the range of . The validation of learning media includes aspects such as content, presentation method and physical form. Keywords: learning media, realistic mathematics, local wisdom  AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kelayakan media pembelajaran berorientasi  matematika realistik  dan kearifan lokal pada materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar dengan pokok bahasan Balok. Media pembelajaran ini berorientasi karakteristik Pendekatan Matematika Realistik (PMR) yaitu mengaitkan  benda-benda nyata yang ada di kehidupan sehari-hari siswa dan  tersirat nasehat-nasehat bersumber pada kearifan lokal pada media. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan lembar angket validasi. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar angket validasi untuk mengetahui kelayakan media. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu, deskriptif kuantitatif untuk mengolah data dalam bentuk skor dari penilaian oleh validator yang diformulasikan dengan rumus Gregory. Kemudian deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan data berupa komentar saran perbaikan dari validator. Berdasarkan hasil validasi terhadap media pembelajaran berorientasi  matematika realistik  dan kearifan lokal dinyatakan valid dan layak sebelum uji coba produk karena memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,38. Skor tersebut memenuhi  kriteria kevalidan perangkat pembelajaran karena nilai  berada pada rentang . Validasi media pembelajaran meliputi aspek seperti isi, cara penyajian dan bentuk fisik. Kata kunci: media pembelajaran, matematika realistik, kearifan lokal
النظام الأساسي لجمعية الملاك في الملكية المشتركة في التشريع المحلي لإمارتَي "الشارقة ودبي" والتشريع الأسترالي (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: سويدان خالد
Published: January 2022

غالباً ما تعد الأحكام التي تضعها القوانين في بعض الدول غير كافية عندما يتعلق الأمر بإدارة الوحدات السكنية في ملكية العقارات المشتركة، فنجد أن بعض التشريعات وضعت قواعد خاصة تتكيف مع طبيعة كل مخطط والغرض الأساسي منهُ وعلى أثره تكون ملزمة للمالك والشاغلين على حد سواء في المبنى، وأن الغاية الأساسية للقواعد الداخلية هو تيسير حسن إدارة مخطط الوحدات العقا ارت في الملكية المشتركة، وتنظيم حقوق انتفاع المالكين فيها من جهة وحماية مصالح المطور في حال انفراده بإدرة هذه الوحدات أو الجمعية الملاك التي قد تكون إما إلزامية أو اختيارية، فهي بالنسبة لغالبية الدول العربية اختيارية، في حين تعتبر إلزامية في دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة، وعليه يضع المشرع بعض المسائل الواجب إدراجها في النظام الأساسي، ويترك التفاصيل للمطور أو المالكين حرية وضع هذه القواعد والتي تشترط موافقه الملاك بالأغلبية المنصوص عليها في اجتماع الجمعية العمومية مما تمنح المطور والمالك قدار معيناً من العدل والمساواة، ورغم ذلك نلاحظ في الواقع العملي أن المطور هو من يضع النظام الأساسي ويفرض بعض القيود التي قد تتعارض مع القواعد والقوانين الخاصة المنظمة للملكية المشتركة، في حين يلزم أن تكون هذه القواعد موائمة أو مكملة لهذه القواعد
التدابير الوقائية لمكافحة الفساد في ضوء أحكام التشريع الإماراتي
Authors: محمد سارة
Published: January 2022

الفساد آفة مجتمعية عرفتها المجتمعات الإنسانية وعانت منها منذ ظهور الإنسان على وجهه الأرض وحتى يومنا هذا، ويمثل الفساد عقبة أمام نمو وتطور المجتمعات، لذا اعتبر ارتفاع مؤشر الفساد في أي مجتمع دليلا على تدني فعالية الرقابة الحكومية وضعف القانون وغياب التشريعات الفعالة فيه، في الوقت الذي اعتبر فيه إنخفاض مؤشر الفساد دليلا على قوة القانون وفعالية التشريعات ووجود رقابة فاعلة ومؤثرة[1]. ولقد أدرك المجتمع الدولي في وقت مبكر خطورة الفساد، وبذلك حظيت مكافحة الفساد باهتمام المنظمات الدولية والإقليمية بشكل كبير، بعد أن تأكد ارتباطه بالجرائم المنظمة والمشكلات الأمنية التي تعاني منها المجتمعات المعاصرة. وبذلك سعت الدول جاهدة في وضع السبل والتدابير التي تحول دون انتشار هذه الظاهرة في المجتمعات مسترشدة في ذلك بالتدابير والآليات التي نصت عليها اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لمكافحة الفساد والتي تعد أحد أبرز السبل لمواجهة جرائم وأعمال الفساد وأبرز الصكوك القانونية الدولية وإحدى أهم الممارسات على المستوى الدولي في مكافحة والحد من  هذه الظاهرة ،  وفي هذا الصدد نصت اتفاقية  مكافحة الفساد على مجموعة من التدابير والإجراءات منها ما هو إلزامي، ومنها ماهو استرشادي للدول الأطراف، وتعد إبرام الاتفاقيات الدولية والإقليمية ضد الفساد من أهم النتائج والجهود الإقليمية والوطنية إلزامية لمكافحة الفساد لكونها تضفي الصفة الرسمية على الالتزام الحكومي بتنفيذ مبادئ مكافحة الفساد فيها. [2]
الفرق بين الاستجواب والإجراءات المشابهة له " دراسة مقارنة في التشريعين الإماراتي والمصري"
Authors: العاني محمد , الكتبي شيخة
Published: January 2022

يعد إجراء الاستجواب من أهم إجراءات التحقيق الابتدائي وأخطرها، تباشره النيابة العامة في مواجهة المتهم، يتميز عن غيره من الإجراءات الأخرى، بأنه ذو طبيعة مزدوجة خاصة، فهو إجراء تحقيق أي من خلاله يتم جمع الأدلة، وفي نفس الوقت هو إجراء دفاع؛ لأن  من خلاله يستطيع المتهم درء ما وجه إليه من اتهام ودحض أدلة الإثبات القائمة ضده بتقديم دفوعه وردوده لإثبات براءته، فهو إجراء يساعد في الوصول للحقيقة، من خلال هذه الطبيعة الخاصة له، فهو محاط بالعديد من الضمانات التي تكفل له ممارسة حقه في الدفاع، ويختلف عن غيره من الإجراءات الأخرى المشابهة له، ومن خلال هذا البحث سنتاول أهم الفروق بينه وبين الإجراءات الأخرى المشابهة له، وقد جاء هذا البحث في مقدمة وثلاثة مباحث وخاتمة، تناول المبحث الأول: الفرق بين الاستجواب وسؤال المتهم، وجاء في المبحث الثاني: الفرق بين الاستجواب والاستيضاح، بينما المبحث الثالث تناول الفرق بين الاستجواب وسماع الشاهد، وأخيرا تناولت الخاتمة أهم النتائج والتوصيات.
مدى مطابقة عقوبة الإعدام في التشريع السوداني مع معاييرالاتفاقيات الخاصة بحقوق الانسان
Authors: عبدالعال تقوى
Published: January 2022

يخلف تنفيذعقوبة الإعدام آثارا جسيمة على المدان وأسرته ، وتبدو خطورتها أكبر إذا ما تبين الخطأ في الحكم ، وقد تنامت الحركة الدولية الخاصة بحقوق الإنسان ومناداتها للدول بتحمل مسؤولياتها  تجاه تطبيق تلك العقوبة ، ومن هنا تأتي أهمية البحث والذي يتناول "مدى مطابقة عقوبة الإعدام في التشريع السوداني مع معاييرالاتفاقيات الخاصة بحقوق الانسان. منتهج منهجاً وصفياً تحليلياً مقارناً.  توصل البحث  إلى أن التشريعات السودانية،  والتطبيقات القضائية تؤكد  الضمانات العادلة وتقييد عقوبة الإعدام بأشد الجرائم خطورة ، سوآء كان ذلك في مرحلة الإجراءات والمحاكمة  أوالتنفيذ لكل الفئات ، مما يعني اتساق التشريعات السودانية  مع معايير المحاكمة الدولية. ولم يلاحظ البحث وجود اختلالات إجرائية  تقوض العدالة، أو تقلل من تعزيز المحاكمة العادلة وسيادة القانون، وهو في ذلك يتفوق على المعايير المطالب بها  دولياً، غير أن التشريع السوداني قد توسع في الجرائم التي عقوبتها الإعدام مخالفاً بذلك المطالبات بتضييق نطاق تطبيقها . و أوصي البحث  بضرورة الإبقاء على عقوبة الإعدام  لبعض الجرائم لاعتبارات دينية وعدلية (الحدود) مع ضرورة تقليص الجرائم المعاقب عليها بالإعدام تعزيرياً.
نطاق الأمر الجزائي والسلطة المختصة بإصداره
Authors: المطروشي طارق , العاني محمد
Published: January 2022

الأصل في الإدانة هو أن تكون بناءً على إجراءات المحاكمة العادلة أو المنصفة والتي تتوفر فيها جميع الضمانات للمتهم ومنها حقه في الدفاع عن نفسه، ومع ذلك فقد يلجأ المشرع – بالنسبة للمخالفات بصفة عامة وللجنح التي قرر لها عقوبة بسيطة بصفة خاصة-إلى تبسيط إجراءات التقاضي، فيخول القاضي أو النيابة العامة سلطة إصدار "الأمر الجزائي" بتوقيع العقوبة على المتهمين، دون حضورهم، وبغير تحقيق أو سماع مرافعة، اكتفاءً بالاطلاع على محاضر الاستدلالات أو أدلة الإثبات الأخرى. والواقع أن المزايا العديدة لنظام الأمر الجزائي أدت إلى تطبيق أكثر فعالية للعدالة الجنائية، بسرعة توقيع العقوبة على المتهم، وتفرع المحاكم للقضايا الكبيرة والمهمة. وللتطرق إلى موضوع نطاق الأمر الجزائي والسلطة المختصة بإصداره تم تقسيم هذه الدراسة إلى مبحثين؛ إذ تناولنا في المبحث الأول من الدراسة نطاق الأمر الجزائي والتي قسمناه بدورنا إلى مطلبين تناولنا فيهما الجرائم التي يجوز فيها إصدار الأمر الجزائي، بالإضافة إلى معيار الجرائم محل الأمر الجزائي. أما المبحث الثاني من هذه الدراسة فقد تطرقنا فيها إلى السلطة المختصة بإصدار الأمر الجزائي وبينا سلطة القاضي في إصدار الأمر الجزائي، بالإضافة إلى سلطة النيابة العامة في إصدار الأمر الجزائي.
دور القرائن في إثبات الانحراف في استعمال السلطة
Authors: احمد عبدالرحمن
Published: January 2022

تؤدي القرائن دورًا كبيرًا في عملية الإثبات في الدعاوى المعروضة أمام القضاء، وذلك باختلاف طبيعة الدعاوى المعروضة أمام القاضي؛ حيث إن أثرها ومجال إعمالها لا يختلف في الدعاوى المدنية والتجارية عن الدعاوى الإدارية.

وتجد القرائن مجالها الخصب عند إثبات انحراف الإدارة في استعمال سلطتها عند ممارستها للأعمال التي تقع على عاتقها، وذلك لارتباط الانحراف في استعمال السلطة بمقاصد ونوايا مصدر القرار والتي يصعب إثبات هذه الطبيعة القصدية من خلال الوسائل الأخرى كالكتابة والشهادة وغيرها، لذلك يعتمد القاضي على القرائن لإثبات هذا الانحراف.
تمويل وقف النقود للمشروعات متناهية الصغر وتحدياته في مؤسسات التمويل الإسلامي
Authors: شطناوي زكريا , بخضر محمد
Published: January 2022

الملخص

هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان كيفية الاستفادة من وقف النقود لتمويل المشاريع متناهية الصغر من خلال مؤسسات التمويل الإسلامي، ومعوقات التمويل.

 وتناولت الدراسة مفهوم تمويل الوقف النقدي للمشاريع متناهية الصغر باعتباره جزءاً من التمويل الإسلامي، وعرض المشكلات التي تحول دون قيام المصارف الإسلامية بتمويل المشاريع متناهية الصغر.  وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أهمية المشاريع متناهية الصغر في توفير فرص عمل لشريحة واسعة من أفراد المجتمع، لذا كان لتمويل هذه المشاريع عن طريق الوقف النقدي أهمية كبرى في سبيل توفير التمويل المناسب لهذه الفئات المقترن بالتدريب والتأهيل لهؤلاء الأفراد بما يحقق نجاح مشاريعهم، ويحسّن من وضعهم المعيشي، ويعزز مكانتهم في المجتمع.
مسالك الشريعة الإسلامية في تحصيل مقصد احترام التشريع وسيادة أحكامه
Authors: عساف محمد
Published: January 2022

يتناول هذا البحث دراسة أربعة مسالك سلكتها الشريعة الإسلامية؛ لتحصيل مقصد احترام التشريع وسيادة أحكامه، منها مسلكان ذاتيان، مرجعهما في داخل نفس الإنسان، ومسلكان خارجيان، مرجعهما سماحة الشريعة الإسلامية والحزم في إقامتها.

وقد بدأ البحث بمطلب أول، تم فيه التعريف بمقصد احترام التشريع وسيادة أحكامه، ثم تم دراسة كل مسلك من المسالك في مطلب مستقل؛ فتناول المطلب الثاني دراسة مسلك مراعاة الفطرة، كما تناول المطلب الثالث دراسة مسلك التربية الإيمانية، أما المطلب الرابع فقد تناول دراسة مسلك التيسير والرحمة، ثم تناول المطلب الخامس دراسة مسلك الحزم والصرامة في إقامة الشريعة، وبَيَّن أن موضوع إقامة الولايات السلطانية المكلفة بتنفيذ الأحكام، يقع في مرتبة المقاصد الضرورية؛ لأن حال الأمة لا يستقيم دون إقامتها.