bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The link between cutaneous inflammation and cognitive impairment
Authors: Wen S. , Elias P.M. , Wakefield J.S. , Mauro T.M. , Man M.‐Q.
Published: June 2022

Cognitive impairment is a symptom of neurological disorders, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease; and mild cognitive impairment can be a precursor of both disorders. Aged humans and animal models with other systemic disorders, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, display a higher incidence of cognitive decline. Epidemiological studies have shown that the incidence of cognitive impairment also is higher in subjects with certain inflammatory skin disorders, including psoriasis and chronic eczematous dermatitis. Chronologically aged individuals exhibit increased cutaneous inflammation and elevated circulating cytokine levels, linked to alterations in epidermal function, which itself can induce cutaneous inflammation. Conversely, strategies that improve epidermal function can lower cytokine levels in both the skin and circulation. Thus, it seems likely that epidermal dysfunction could contribute, at least in part, to the development of chronic low‐grade inflammation, also termed ‘inflammaging’, in the elderly. The evidence of cognitive impairment in patients with inflammatory dermatoses suggests a link between cutaneous inflammation and cognitive impairment. Because of the pathogenic role of epidermal dysfunction in ageing‐associated cutaneous inflammation, improvements in epidermal function could be an alternative approach for mitigation of the ageing‐associated decline in cognitive function.
Association of lower urinary tract symptoms and diuretic adherence
Authors: Miller Matthew L. , Reed Brent N. , Malik Rena D.
Published: June 2022

Objective

To assess whether more severe urinary symptoms and poorer quality of life among patients on diuretic therapy are associated with decreased adherence to the diuretic regimen.

Methods

Participants were recruited via ResearchMatch.org and sent a REDCap survey. The Overactive Bladder Questionnaire‐Short Form (OAB‐q SF) was used to assess urinary symptom bother and health‐related quality of life (HRQL). Participants were asked if they skip diuretic doses due to urinary symptoms with a bivariate (yes or no) outcome. Subgroup analyses of loop vs non‐loop diuretic and those taking the diuretic for a cardiovascular indication (hypertension or heart failure) were performed.

Results

A total of 4029 surveys were sent, 285 were returned (7.1% response rate), and 279 were included in the study. Fifty‐three participants admitted to skipping diuretic doses due to urinary symptoms. Lower HRQL scores were significantly associated with poorer adherence scores among all participants (P < .001), among participants taking a loop diuretic (P < .001), and among participants with hypertension and heart failure (P < .039). Association between symptoms and adherence remained significant after adjustment in the multivariate model for the whole cohort and loop diuretic subgroup but lost significance in the hypertension and heart failure subgroup.

Conclusions

Worsening quality of life due to urinary symptoms may be associated with poorer adherence to diuretics, particularly loop diuretics.
Eckhart’s Systematics: Christ the God‐Human Ground
Authors: Vale Matthew
Published: June 2022

Meister Eckhart’s notion of the ground (grunt) is a full‐bore speculative Christological protology‐cum‐eschatology. This essay reconstructs a systematic account of it unavailable elsewhere, and proposes it to contemporary systematics. The ground is the higher aeon of eternity, where God ceaselessly and primordially creates, the Son becomes incarnate, and the eternal incarnation joins creatures to the Father’s primal unity. In the ground, the creation is supratemporally always being protologically brought forth and eschatologically consummated. This bringing forth and consummating is none other than the eternal incarnation: the primordial birthing of all creatures as the “one Christ” (éin Kristus), the universal God‐human (mensche‐got). The God‐human unity of the ground, in fact, just is Christ: the lived identity of divine and human natures as a single personal esse. For Eckhart, these claims are not eccentric. They follow from basic Christian premises. If God is fully actual, then all God’s proper acts are atemporally fully actual. There is, then, a higher aeon where the creation that is the terminus of God’s fully actual act is primordially always being consummated. God’s creating, becoming human, and joining creatures to himself is co‐primordial with God being God: it belongs to God’s proper life. This is the unity of the ground, and it is, in fact, the unity of the primordial incarnation.
Carotid doppler ultrasonography as a method to predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated children
Authors: de Souza Thalita Belato , Rubio Aline Junqueira , Carioca Fernando de Lima , Ferraz Isabel de Siqueira , Brandão Marcelo Barciela , Nogueira Roberto José Negrão , de Souza Tiago Henrique
Published: June 2022

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate whether respiratory variations in carotid and aortic blood flows measured by Doppler ultrasonography could accurately predict fluid responsiveness in critically ill children.

Methods

This was a prospective single‐center study including mechanically ventilated children who underwent fluid replacement at the discretion of the attending physician. Response to fluid load was defined by a stroke volume increase of more than 15%. Maximum and minimum values of velocity peaks were determined over one controlled respiratory cycle before and after volume expansion. Respiratory changes in velocity peak of the carotid (∆Vpeak_Ca) and aortic (∆Vpeak_Ao) blood flows were calculated as the difference between the maximum and minimum values divided by the mean of the two values and were expressed as a percentage.

Results

A total of 30 patients were included, of which twelve (40%) were fluid responders and 18 (60%) non‐responders. Before volume expansion, both ∆Vpeak_Ca and ∆Vpeak_Ao were higher in responders than in non‐responders (17.1% vs 4.4%; p < .001 and 22.8% vs 6.4%; p < .001, respectively). ∆Vpeak_Ca could effectively predict fluid responsiveness (AUC 1.00, 95% CI 0.88–1.00), as well as ∆Vpeak_Ao (AUC 0.94, 95% CI 0.80–0.99). The best cutoff values were 10.6% for ∆Vpeak_Ca (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 100%) and 18.2% for ∆Vpeak_Ao (sensitivity, 91.7%; specificity, 88.9%; positive predictive value, 84.6%; negative predictive value, 94.1%). Volume expansion‐induced changes in stroke volume correlated with the ∆Vpeak_Ca and ∆Vpeak_Ao before volume expansion (ρ of 0.70 and 0.61, respectively; p < .001 for both).

Conclusions

Analysis of respiratory changes in carotid and aortic blood flows are accurate methods for predicting fluid responsiveness in children under invasive mechanical ventilation.
Clinical impact of selumetinib on pediatric elephantiasis neuromatosa
Authors: Blegen Kristina , Ortiz‐Romero Sara E. , Juarez Olivia , Voeller Julie
Published: June 2022

Elephantiasis neuromatosa (EN) is a rare and extreme form of plexiform neurofibroma in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). EN is often associated with significant morbidity and remains difficult to treat. We present a case of an 11‐year‐old female with NF1 whose thoracolumbar plexiform neurofibroma and lower extremity EN exhibited clinical improvement from treatment with selumetinib, a selective MEK inhibitor.
Cryoprotectant role of exopolysaccharide ID1 in the vitrification/in‐straw warming of in vitro‐produced bovine embryos
Authors: Martínez‐Rodero Iris , Salas‐Huetos Albert , Ordóñez‐León Alina , Hidalgo Carlos Olegario , Yeste Marc , Mercadé Elena , Mogas Teresa
Published: June 2022

The cold‐adapted bacterium Pseudomonas sp. ID1 produces the extracellular exopolysaccharide ID1 (EPS ID1) with cryoprotective activity. This study was designed to optimize the vitrification/in‐straw warming protocol of in vitro‐produced (IVP) blastocysts by adding EPS ID1 to the vitrification media. Day 7‐expanded blastocysts were vitrified/warmed using the VitTrans device after the addition of 0 or 100 μg/mL EPS ID1 to the vitrification media. Blastocysts vitrified by the Cryotop method and fresh non‐vitrified blastocysts served as controls. Outcomes were assessed in the warmed embryos in terms of survival rates and mRNA relative abundances of BAX, BCL2, GPX1, and CDX2 genes. No differences in survival rates were observed at 3 h post‐warming between vitrification treatments. At 24 h post‐warming, the addition of EPS prior to vitrification with the VitTrans device produced similar survival rates to Cryotop‐vitrified embryos and similar hatching rates to fresh non‐vitrified or Cryotop‐vitrified embryos. No differences emerged in BCL2 gene expression. Lower BAX (p < .05) and higher GPX1 (p < .05) and CDX2 (p < .1) gene expression were observed in expanded and/or hatched blastocysts derived from VitTrans‐EPS‐vitrified embryos when compared to those from the non‐supplemented group. In conclusion, addition of EPS not only promoted blastocyst survival and hatching after VitTrans vitrification/warming but also modified the expression of genes associated with better embryo quality.
Factors associated with surgical repair success of female genital fistula in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Experiences of the Fistula Care Plus Project, 2017–2019
Authors: Mafu Michel Mpunga , Banze Don Félicien Kyongolwa , Aussak Brian Tena Tena , Kolié Delphin , Camara Bienvenu Salim , Nembunzu Dolores , Amisi Christine Notia , Paluku Justin Lussy , Tripathi Vandana , Delamou Alexandre
Published: June 2022

Objective

We sought to document outcomes and factors associated with surgical success in hospitals supported by the Fistula Care Plus Project in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), 2017–2019.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study analysing routine repair data on women with Female Genital Fistula. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with successful fistula repair.

Results

A total of 895 women were included in this study, with a mean age of 34 years (±13 years). The majority were married or in union (57.4%) and living in rural areas (82.0%), while nearly half were farmers (45.9%). The average duration living with fistula was 8 years (±7). Vesicovaginal (70.5%) and complex (59.8%) fistulas were the most common fistula types. Caesarean section (34.7%), obstructed labour (27.0%) and prolonged labour (23.0%) were the main aetiologies, with the causal deliveries resulting in stillbirth in 88% of cases. The vaginal route (74.9%) was the primary route for surgical repair. The median duration of bladder catheterization after surgery was 14 days (interquartile range [IQR] 7–21). Multivariate analysis revealed that Waaldijk type I fistula (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:2.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.36–5.40), no previous surgery (aOR:2.63, 95% CI:1.43–3.19), repair at Panzi Hospital (aOR: 2.71, 95% CI:1.36–5.40), and bladder catheterization for less than 10 days (aOR:13.94, 95% CI: 4.91–39.55) or 11–14 days (aOR: 6.07, 95% CI: 2.21–15.31) were associated with better repair outcomes.

Conclusion

The Fistula Care Plus Project in the DRC recorded good fistula repair outcomes. However, further efforts are needed to promote adequate management of fistula cases.
De novo genes in Arachis hypogaea cv. Tifrunner: systematic identification, molecular evolution, and potential contributions to cultivated peanut
Authors: Song Hui , Guo Zhonglong , Zhang Xiaojun , Sui Jiongming
Published: June 2022

De novo genes are derived from non‐coding sequences, and they can play essential roles in organisms. Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a major oil and protein crop derived from a cross between Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis. However, few de novo genes have been documented in Arachis. Here, we identified 381 de novo genes in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner based on comparison with five closely related Arachis species. There are distinct differences in gene expression patterns and gene structures between conserved and de novo genes. The identified de novo genes originated from ancestral sequence regions associated with metabolic and biosynthetic processes, and they were subsequently integrated into existing regulatory networks. De novo paralogs and homoeologs were identified in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner. De novo paralogs and homoeologs with conserved expression have mismatching cis‐acting elements under normal growth conditions. De novo genes potentially have pluripotent functions in responses to biotic stresses as well as in growth and development based on quantitative trait locus data. This work provides a foundation for future research examining gene birth processes and gene function in Arachis and related taxa.
Effects of tranexamic acid treatment in severely and non‐severely injured trauma patients
Authors: Ageron Francois‐Xavier , Shakur‐Still Haleema , Roberts Ian
Published: June 2022

Background

Urgent treatment with tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces bleeding deaths but there is disagreement about which patients should be treated. We examine the effects of TXA treatment in severely and non‐severely injured trauma patients.

Study Design and Methods

We did an individual patient data meta‐analysis of randomized trials with over 1000 trauma patients that assessed the effects of TXA on survival. We defined the severity of injury according to characteristics at first assessment: systolic blood pressure of less than 90 mm Hg and a heart rate greater than 120 beats per minute or Glasgow Coma Scale score of less than nine or any GCS with one or more fixed dilated pupils. The primary measure was survival on the day of the injury. We examined the effect of TXA on survival in severely and non‐severely injured patients and how these effects vary with the time from injury to treatment.

Results

We obtained data for 32,944 patients from two randomized trials. Tranexamic acid significantly increased survival on the day of the injury (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.11–1.34; p < .01). The effect of tranexamic acid on survival in non‐severely injured patients (OR = 1.25, 1.03–1.50) was similar to that in severely injured patients (OR = 1.22, 1.09–1.37) with no significant heterogeneity (p = .87). In severely and non‐severely injured pateints, treatment within the first hour after injury was the most effective.

Discussion

Early tranexamic acid treatment improves survival in both severely and non‐severely injured trauma patients. Its use should not be restricted to the severely injured.
A case of Tn polyagglutination discovered by an ABO blood group discrepancy
Authors: Achram Robert , Denomme Gregory A. , Stef Marianne A. , Nguyen Thi Truc Anh , Delvadia Bhavesh , Thompson Louisa , Josephson Cassandra D. , Roback John D. , Sullivan H. Cliff
Published: June 2022

Background

Tn syndrome is an acquired form of polyagglutination arising from somatic mutations of hematopoietic stem cells. Tn red blood cells (RBCs) are agglutinable by naturally occurring anti‐Tn antibodies in most adult sera. Current ABO typing reagents are monoclonal and do not detect polyagglutination on forward typing. However, herein we describe a case of Tn activation that was suspected due to cross‐reactivity with a monoclonal anti‐A reagent.

Study Design and Methods

A 63‐year‐old man with myeloproliferative neoplasm, who historically typed as group O, demonstrated unexpected mixed field reactivity with anti‐A reagent using a gel‐based method. However, manual tube testing was consistent with the patient's historical group O type.

Results

Lectin testing demonstrated reactivity with Salvia sclarea and Glycine soja, but not Arachis hypogea. The patient's RBCs produced positive crossmatches with healthy donor sera, but reactivity was eliminated by ficin pretreatment of the RBCs. Ficin treatment also resolved typing discrepancies on gel‐based typing. No reactivity was noted using cord blood sera, and N antigen expression was diminished upon phenotyping. Tn activation was confirmed by detection of a novel 4‐nucleotide deletion (c.395‐398del) in exon 3 of C1GALT1C1 resulting in a truncated glycosyltransferase.

Conclusion

This case of acquired Tn polyagglutination due to a novel mutation was first suspected from an ABO phenotyping discrepancy. It highlights the cross‐reactivity of anti‐A reagent with Tn antigen when tested on a common gel‐based method. Furthermore, the case demonstrates that review of patient history and test information can clarify discrepancies and guide resolution.
Presumed zonisamide‐induced blood dyscrasias in four dogs
Authors: Brandifino Maria , Sinnott‐Stutzman Virginia , Sisson Allen , Whelan Megan
Published: June 2022

Objective

To describe 4 canine cases of presumed zonisamide‐induced blood dyscrasias.

Case summary

From 2007 to 2018 at Angell Animal Medical Center and from 2014 to 2019 at the Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, 4 dogs presented with febrile neutropenia while being administered zonisamide. No septic focus was found on workup for any of the dogs, and the clinical signs were attributed to an idiosyncratic drug reaction. All WBC counts returned to normal with drug withdrawal, and all dogs survived.

New or unique information provided

Presumptive zonisamide‐induced blood dyscrasias are a rare complication that has not previously been reported in the veterinary literature.
Antropoceno: la huella humana. La frágil senda hacia un mundo y una Colombia sostenibles
Authors: Guhl Nannetti Ernesto
Published: June 2022

La humanidad ha llegado a ser la más poderosa fuerza trasformadora del planeta, con lo cual ha creado un nuevo periodo: el Antropoceno o la “era humana”. En él lo normal son, y serán, los paisajes cambiantes, la incertidumbre y las condiciones inestables, como las que estamos experimentando. Hemos generado unas nuevas condiciones climáticas y ambientales, que han puesto en peligro de extinción a muchas de las especies con las que compartimos el planeta. Además, estamos alterando el clima y el delicado funcionamiento de los sistemas terrestres y marinos al contaminar las aguas y los suelos y al adoptar un modelo económico insostenible que nos ha conducido a una crisis socioambiental de tal magnitud que puede hablarse de una crisis civilizatoria. Sin embargo, este libro no pretende unirse al coro catastrofista alrededor de la crisis que hemos producido. Por el contrario, busca contribuir a superarla a partir de una revisión de cómo hemos llegado hasta el punto de amenazar la civilización y la existencia de la humanidad, describiendo los intentos por comprenderla y mitigarla, identificando las causas de su fracaso e invitando a utilizar para ello las excepcionales capacidades y los maravillosos logros de la humanidad. Asimismo, propone rescatar el principio de sostenibilidad como fi n último de las sociedades, mediante un profundo cambio de valores y de estilos de vida, que permitan una nueva relación más respetuosa y comprensiva con la naturaleza. El lector encontrará no solo una mirada global y generalista del problema, puesto que el libro también se enfoca en Colombia como un ejemplo que ilustra la gravedad de desconocer las múltiples realidades territoriales del planeta, como lo hacen las fallidas y vagas políticas ambientales vigentes. Para ello, por una parte, describe el recorrido que ha seguido el país hasta convertirse en un territorio social y ambientalmente empobrecido y, por otra, propone cambios para abandonar este equivocado rumbo y construir colectivamente un país equitativo y pacífico, es decir, sostenible.
Mechanical, Wear, and Corrosion Properties Investigation of ZE41/TiB2 Surface Composites Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Manroo Suhail Ahmed , Khan Noor Zaman , Ahmad Babar
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study is to find out how TiB2 reinforced Mg-ZE41 matrix composites perform mechanically, wear-wise, and corrosion-wise. By altering the content of TiB2 reinforcement particles in the ZE41 matrix as 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16%, the composites are manufactured using the friction stir processing technique. The micro-structural analysis demonstrates that TiB2 particles are distributed uniformly throughout the matrix. The addition of TiB2 increased the hardness and wear resistance of the material significantly. The inclusion of TiB2 particles in the matrix shifted the wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive. The ultimate tensile strength and the yield strength of the manufactured composites were also dramatically improved compared to Mg-ZE41 alloy. The addition of TiB2, on the other hand, has had no positive or negative influence on the corrosion performance of the Mg-ZE41 alloy.
Buoyancy Effect on Leading Edge Cooling of a Rotating Turbine Blade
Authors: Tansakul Pipat , Thawornsathit Phongsakorn , Juntasaro Varangrat , Juntasaro Ekachai
Published: June 2022

A numerical study is performed to investigate the effect of buoyancy on the cooling performance of leading edge cooling of a rotating turbine blade under the real operating condition at baseload. The Double swirl cooling (DSC) configuration is simulated using the shear stress transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model that proves to be the most accurate for impinging flow under rotating condition due to its lowest averaged second norm. The numerical results reveal that the DSC cooling performance is deteriorated by buoyancy because the total average Nusselt number and the thermal performance factor of DSC with buoyancy effect are significantly lower than those of DSC without buoyancy effect. This points out that the buoyancy effect is a very important parameter to be concerned in the numerical study of leading edge cooling of a rotating turbine blade due to its great influence on the cooling performance and heat transfer distribution.
A unique stone skipping–like trajectory of asteroid Aletai
Authors: Li Ye , Li Bin , Hsu Weibiao , Jull A. J. Timothy , Liao Shiyong , Zhao Yuhui , Zhao Haibin , Wu Yunhua , Li Shaolin , Tang Chipui
Published: June 2022

Meteoroids/asteroids could deposit energy to Earth during their entries, which arouses great concerns. Strewn field, as a product of meteoroids/asteroids breakup, comprehensively reflects the trajectory, dynamics, and physical properties of meteoroids/asteroids. It typically has a length of several to a dozen kilometers. Nevertheless, the recently found massive Aletai irons in the northwest China comprise the longest known strewn field of ~430 kilometers. This implies that the dynamics of Aletai could be unique. Petrographic and trace elemental studies suggest that all the Aletai masses exhibit unique compositions (IIIE anomalous), indicating that they were from the same fall event. Numerical modeling suggests that the stone skipping–like trajectory associated with a shallow entry angle (e.g., ~6.5° to 7.3°) is responsible for Aletai’s exceptionally long strewn field if a single-body entry scenario is considered. The stone skipping–like trajectory would not result in the deposition of large impact energy on the ground but may lead to the dissipation of energy during its extremely long-distance flight.
The molecular impact of life in an indoor environment
Authors: Aksenov Alexander A. , Salido Rodolfo A. , Melnik Alexey V. , Brennan Caitriona , Brejnrod Asker , Caraballo-Rodríguez Andrés Mauricio , Gauglitz Julia M. , Lejzerowicz Franck , Farmer Delphine K. , Vance Marina E. , Knight Rob , Dorrestein Pieter C.
Published: June 2022

The chemistry of indoor surfaces and the role of microbes in shaping and responding to that chemistry are largely unexplored. We found that, over 1 month, people’s presence and activities profoundly reshaped the chemistry of a house. Molecules associated with eating/cooking, bathroom use, and personal care were found throughout the entire house, while molecules associated with medications, outdoor biocides, and microbially derived compounds were distributed in a location-dependent manner. The house and its microbial occupants, in turn, also introduced chemical transformations such as oxidation and transformations of foodborne molecules. The awareness of and the ability to observe the molecular changes introduced by people should influence future building designs.
Acral fibromyxoma: a rare plantar nodule
Authors: Sivasaththivel Malini , Howard Matthew David , Yazdabadi Anousha
Published: June 2022

Acral fibromyxomas are benign tumours ranging in size between 0.6 and 5 cm, commonly found around the nailbed. The often asymptomatic presentation of acral fibromyxomas means that there is often a delay in their diagnosis and subsequent treatment. The objective of this paper is to present the unique case of a fibromyxoma present in the acral region, as well as a review of the literature.
Sjögren’s syndrome as a cause of both lymphoid interstitial pneumonia and light chain deposition disease in a single patient
Authors: Steward Matthew , Yu Johannes H , Gibbons Michael A
Published: June 2022

A man in his 70s presents with 12 months of progressive dyspnoea, sicca symptoms and Raynaud’s phenomenon. Serological testing and tear duct biopsy confirm Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). Bilateral nodular-cystic appearances highly suggestive of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) are noted on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), supported by a 40% lymphocytosis on bronchoalveolar lavage.

Biopsy of a non-characteristic additional pulmonary nodule diagnoses light chain deposition disease (LCDD). Extrapulmonary organ involvement is excluded. Pulmonary function tests are well-preserved, and the patient is kept under active surveillance without requiring immunomodulatory treatment.

LIP and LCDD both have a strong association with SS. Identification of these disease associations is crucial as they may result in multiorgan involvement or progression to haematological malignancy. This is the first case published in the literature and highlights that a pragmatic approach to investigations can avoid unnecessary procedures, and that treatment may be guided by symptomology.
Tension pneumoperitoneum following colonic perforation due to barotrauma
Authors: Kumar Rashmi Vijaya , Shaikh Oseen Hajilal , Vijayakumar Chellappa , Kumbhar Uday Shamrao
Published: June 2022

Barotrauma of the colorectum is an uncommon entity that usually occurs after colonoscopy. Perforation of the colon by non-iatrogenic barotrauma of the colon, with tension pneumoperitoneum, is very rare. We present a case of a male patient in his 20s with colon barotrauma caused by industrial compressed air, causing perforation of the transverse colon, with multiple serosal tears throughout the colon. There was also evidence of contusion in the caecum and ascending colon. Primary repair of the perforation and repair of the serosal tears were done along with a covering loop ileostomy.
Allergy testing for Cremophor in a patient with cervical cancer with infusion reactions to paclitaxel and docetaxel
Authors: Nakanishi Kazuho , Okazaki Shizuka , Ichikawa Go , Suzuki Shunji
Published: June 2022

A woman in her 30s with cervical cancer underwent postoperative chemotherapy and showed allergic reactions to multiple taxanes. As the patient had infusion reactions to both paclitaxel and docetaxel, a prick test with Cremophor was conducted. In the absence of an allergic reaction to etoposide, we determined that the patient was allergic to pure taxane compounds. Among infusion reactions caused by taxanes, Cremophor allergy is reported in 3% of cases. Therefore, a prick test with Cremophor performed on a taxane infusion reaction will be useful in diagnosing allergy. In addition, allergy due to docetaxel may be managed by adequate premedication and continuous intravenous chlorpheniramine administration.
Building resilient hospitals in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Khalil Merette , Mataria Awad , Ravaghi Hamid
Published: June 2022

Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, hospitals in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) have faced significant challenges in providing essential services, while simultaneously combatting this pandemic and responding to new and ongoing shocks and emergencies. Despite these challenges, policy-makers and hospital managers adapted their hospital responses to maintain operations and continue providing essential health services in resource-restraint and fragile and conflict affected, offering valuable insights to others in similar contexts. The aim of this paper is to share the lessons learnt from hospital responses to COVID-19 from the EMR. To do this, we triangulated findings from literature review, open-ended online surveys and 46 in-depth key informant interviews from 18 EMR countries. Qualitative findings from semistructured key informant interviews along with the open-ended survey responses resulted in nine major themes for lessons learnt in the EMR. These themes include Preparedness, Leadership and Coordination, Communication, Human Resources, Supplies and Logistics, Surge Capacity and Essential Services, Clinical Management (including Rapid Identification, Diagnosis and Isolation), Infection Prevention and Control, and Information and Research. Each of the nine themes (domains) included 4–6 major subthemes offering key insights into the regional hospital response to health emergencies. Resilient hospitals are those that can provide holistic, adaptable, primary-care-based health systems to deliver high-quality, effective and people-centred health services and respond to future outbreaks. Both bottom-up and top-down approaches are needed to strengthen collaboration between policy-makers, hospitals, front-line workers and communities to mitigate the continued spread of SARS CoV2, build resilient hospital systems and improve public health preparedness and emergency response.
Efficacy of contralateral acupuncture in women with migraine without aura: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Li Qifu , Feng Jialei , Zhang Xinghe , Wang Yanan , Zhao Siwen , Xing Chonghui , Song Yongli , Zeng Xuanxiang , Kong Meng , Zheng Yunqiu , Zhao Ling , Guo Taipin
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Migraine is a common neurological disorder with a higher prevalence occurring in women. Migraine without aura (MwoA) is the most common type of migraine. In recent years, the safety and effectiveness of acupuncture for migraines have been internationally recognised. Contralateral acupuncture (CAT) (Jùcì) is an ancient classic acupuncture technique from Huang Di Nei Jing that refers to the acupoints on the right side (healthy side) selected for diseases on the left (affected side) and vice versa. Some studies have shown that efficacy of CAT on the painful disorder is even better than ipsilateral acupuncture (IAT), but there remains a lack of high-quality evidence to support it.

Methods and analysis

This is a single-centre, randomised and sham-controlled clinical trial in China with three parallel groups that aim to evaluate the efficacy of CAT in women with unilateral MwoA. 243 participants will be randomly divided into the experimental group (CAT group), control group 1 (IAT group) and control group 2 (sham acupuncture group) (1:1:1 allocation ratio). Each group will be given 30-minute treatment sessions, once every other day, approximately three times per week, for a total of 24 treatments and follow-up visits two times. The primary outcome is the changes in days of migraine attacks. The secondary outcomes are frequency of migraine attacks, intensity of migraine, migraine duration, the dose of intake of acute medication, the Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Migraine Disability Assessment Score, the Headache Impact Test-6 and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The data will be collected at the baseline time (week 0), end of treatment (week 4–8) and the follow-up time (week 12–16). Adverse events will be collected and recorded during each treatment.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Sports Trauma Specialist Hospital of Yunnan Province (2021-01). All participants will provide written informed consent before randomisation. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences.

Trial registration number

Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (ChiCTR2100051479).
Recovering staff, recovering services: massive-online support for recovering a paediatric service using Lean and compassionate communication
Authors: Smith Iain M , Bayliss Elaine
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has infected tens of millions worldwide. Healthcare systems have been stretched caring for the most seriously ill and healthcare workers have struggled to maintain non-COVID services leading to backlogs.

Strategies proposed to support the recovery of backlogs include additional administration support; waiting list data validation; enhanced patient communication; and use of systematic improvement methods to make rapid incremental improvements.

As part of COVID-19 recovery, a hospital trust in northern England used the Lean systematic improvement approach to recover the waiting list of a paediatric service to pre-COVID levels. The intervention strategy used a massive-open-online-course (Lean Fundamentals) to support the improvement project lead to follow a structured improvement routine to apply Lean improvement techniques.

By acknowledging that staff were overburdened by the requirements of COVID-19 and that patients were stuck in a system of disconnected processes, administrative activities were redesigned around an ethos of compassionate communication that put patients first.

Over a period of 8 weeks, the project reduced the waiting list from 1109 to 212. Waiting times were reduced from a maximum of 36 months to a 70-day average.

Lean is often described in terms of increasing process efficiency and productivity. It is not often associated with staff benefits. However, when seen in the context of unburdening staff to deliver patient care, Lean has potential to support the recovery of both staff and services. Lean Fundamentals, with its accessible massive-online design, may provide a means of supporting such improvement at scale.
Detection of Alzheimer’s Dementia by Using Signal Decomposition and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Cura Ozlem Karabiber , Akan Aydin , Yilmaz Gulce Cosku , Ture Hatice Sabiha
Published: June 2022

Dementia is one of the most common neurological disorders causing defection of cognitive functions, and seriously affects the quality of life. In this study, various methods have been proposed for the detection and follow-up of Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) with advanced signal processing methods by using electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Signal decomposition-based approaches such as empirical mode decomposition (EMD), ensemble EMD (EEMD), and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) are presented to classify EEG segments of control subjects (CSs) and AD patients. Intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) are obtained from the signals using the EMD and EEMD methods, and the IMFs showing the most significant differences between the two groups are selected by applying previously suggested selection procedures. Five-time-domain and 5-spectral-domain features are calculated using selected IMFs, and five detail and approximation coefficients of DWT. Signal decomposition processes are conducted for both 1 min and 5 s EEG segment durations. For the 1 min segment duration, all the proposed approaches yield prominent classification performances. While the highest classification accuracies are obtained using EMD (91.8%) and EEMD (94.1%) approaches from the temporal/right brain cluster, the highest classification accuracy for the DWT (95.2%) approach is obtained from the temporal/left brain cluster for 1 min segment duration.
Twisted cohomology pairings of knots II; to some Blanchfield pairings
Authors: Nosaka T.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we study some comparison between a bilinear cohomology pairing in local coefficients and the Blanchfield pairing of a knot. We show that the former pairing is an [Formula: see text]-equivalent invariant, and give a criterion to a relation between the two pairings. We also observe that the pairings of some knots are equivalent, and that the pairings of other knots are not equivalent.
FORKING PATHS OF CULTURAL COMPLEXITY: A CASE STUDY OF RESEARCH PARADIGMS
Authors: BORYCZ JOSHUA , HORNE BENJAMIN D. , BENTLEY R. ALEXANDER
Published: June 2022

Evolutionary studies of cultural complexity often assume that group members select the best information available in the group, effectively diffusing the best innovations, whose advantages are subsequently passed on to the next generation. This would seem to describe the ideal of the scientific process — each cohort of papers in a field surfacing the best innovations, refining them and passing on to the next “layer” or cohort of scientific works. Here, we use academic journal databases to explore this “forking” (branching) process in the evolution of a scientific paradigm. We apply citation network visualization and Latent Dirichlet allocation topic analysis to three different paradigms defined pragmatically as the set of papers citing a highly influential paper in each respective case. Our three case studies indicate a founder effect in how the seminal paper is highly-embedded in the citation network, and yet peripheral to the evolution of topics in subsequent “layers” of publications within the paradigm. This and additional evidence suggest certain topics are selected and followed, while others are left behind. From these case studies, we discuss how hitherto undeveloped ideas of the past might be located in the topic space of seminal works of the same fruitful time period.
Secular Equations for Rayleigh Waves in 2D Anisotropic Media — Transition from the Implicit to Explicit Representation
Authors: Parma Slavomir , Cerv Jan , Adamek Vitezslav , Plesek Jiri
Published: June 2022

The problem of Rayleigh waves polarized in a plane of symmetry of an anisotropic linear elastic medium is investigated in terms of displacements. The implicit secular equation is derived and subsequently rearranged into a system of three polynomial equations, which is convenient for further analysis of the problem. Next, a new straightforward procedure based on Vieta’s formulas is developed to reduce the system into a single explicit quartic secular equation. Numerical examples describing both approaches are presented for two monoclinic materials “diopside” and “microcline”.
On maximum Zagreb indices of bipartite graphs with a given connectivity
Authors: Chen Hanlin , Guo Qiuzhi
Published: June 2022

For a graph, the first (multiplicative) Zagreb index is equal to the sum (product) of squares of the vertex degrees, and the second (multiplicative) Zagreb index is equal to the sum (product) of products of the degrees of a pair of adjacent vertices. In this work, by a unified approach, we determine the extremal values of these Zagreb indices in terms of the (edge) connectivity and characterize the corresponding extremal graphs among all connected bipartite graphs of order [Formula: see text]. Our results show that the extremal graphs of given (edge) connectivity regarding the Zagreb indices and multiplicative Zagreb indices do not completely coincide with other topological indices.
Fuzzy approach to solve interval-valued transportation problem and comparison of the effectiveness of different fuzzy numbers
Authors: Bisht Monika , Dangwal Rajesh
Published: June 2022

In real world, we come across transportation problems, wherein the associated data involves some sort of uncertainty, which at times can be most appropriately represented in the form of interval numbers. Since ordering of intervals involves complexity, hence, we have used fuzzy concept to solve Interval-Valued Transportation Problems (IVTPs). We have proposed new fuzzification methods for conversion of interval number to trapezoidal, pentagonal, hexagonal and heptagonal fuzzy numbers, thereby converting IVTP to Fuzzy Transportation Problem (FTP). Further, we have proposed new ranking functions for conversion of these fuzzy numbers to crisp numbers, which can also be used in other fields of decision making. The crisp-valued transportation problem is then solved using Vogel’s Approximation Method followed by Modified Distribution method. Numerical illustration for the proposed algorithm is given in a later section. The solutions obtained for these examples are used to approximate the solutions for octagonal, nonagonal and decagonal FTPs corresponding to IVTP, using Newton’s Polynomial. On the basis of these solutions, ordering of effectiveness of various types of fuzzy numbers in solving IVTP is done. Lastly, comparison is made between the optimal solutions obtained by various methods. The proposed method can be applied to industrial transportation problems in which the difference between the actual and the proposed demand and supply is quite significant.
Computational Screening of Styryl Lactone Compounds Isolated from Goniothalamus Species to Identify Potential Inhibitors for Dengue Virus
Authors: Abdullah Nor Nadirah , Imran Syahrul , Lam Kok Wai , Ismail Nor Hadiani
Published: June 2022

In this study, a set of 72 styryl lactone compounds reported from Goniothalamus species were docked against envelope ([Formula: see text]), NS2B/NS3, NS5 methyltransferase (MTase), and NS5 RdRp dengue virus (DENV) protein. As a result, compounds 5, 37, 38, and 47 were identified as potential dengue protease inhibitors based on minimal docking energy values and multiple interactions with binding sites. The results from in-silico Lipinski’s rule and ADMET analysis showed that these compounds were predicted to fulfil the drug-likeness properties. These ligands were found to fit in well and remain stable in the binding site of the envelope protein, NS2B/NS3, NS5 MTase, and NS5 RdRp. The results from molecular dynamic (MD) simulations indicate that the ligand–protein complex of compound 37 with NS5 MTase was stable throughout the MDs simulations and could interact with essential amino acids within the active sites.
Editorial: Special Issue on Deep Learning for Data Quality
Authors: Santoro Donatello , Thirumuruganathan Saravanan , Papotti Paolo
Published: June 2022

This editorial summarizes the content of the Special Issue on Deep Learning for Data Quality of the
Journal of Data and Information Quality (JDIQ)
.
Sex differences in vascular aging and impact of GPER deletion
Authors: Ogola Benard O. , Abshire Caleb M. , Visniauskas Bruna , Kiley Jasmine X. , Horton Alec C. , Clark-Patterson Gabrielle L. , Kilanowski-Doroh Isabella , Diaz Zaidmara , Bicego Anne N. , McNally Alexandra B. , Zimmerman Margaret A. , Groban Leanne , Trask Aaron J. , Miller Kristin S. , Lindsey Sarah H.
Published: June 2022

Indices of vascular aging were different in male and female mice. Sex differences in pulse wave velocity, blood pressure, and large artery stiffness were abrogated in middle-aged mice, but the female advantage in resistance artery vasodilator function was maintained. GPER deletion abrogated these sex differences and significantly reduced endothelial function in adult female mice. Additional studies are needed to characterize sex differences in vascular aging to personalize early detection and treatment for vascular diseases.
An Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Based on Adversarial Generating Module and Semi-supervised Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Ye Qing , Liu Changhua
Published: June 2022

Aiming at the existing problems in machinery monitoring data such as high cost of labeling and lack of typical failure samples, this paper launches a research on the semi-supervised-style intelligent fault diagnosis. Taking a great mount of unlabeled data and only a small quantity of labeled data as inputs, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on adversarial generating module and semi-supervised convolutional neural network (SSCNN) is proposed. Firstly, a semi-supervised learning module based on manifold-regularization-based fuzzy clustering discrimination (MRFCD) is proposed to make full use of the valuable fault-related information contained in unlabeled data. Secondly, MRFCD was introduced into CNN to construct pseudo-labels and estimate the objective function of unlabeled data. Then, the semi-supervised deep-learning-module-based MRFCD-SSCNN is established. Thirdly, to enhance the effect of MRFCD-SSCNN, generative adversarial network (GAN) was utilized to increase the size of training data under failure conditions. The framework based on GAN-MRFCD-SSCNN is proposed to achieve semi-supervised style intelligent fault diagnosis. To verify the performance of the diagnostic framework, vibrational signals of main reducer collected from actual test rig are employed. The comparative results confirm that the proposed framework outperforms some classical semi-supervised diagnostic models and achieves the accuracy of 96.2% using only 400 labeled samples.
Pulmonary Histoplasmosis in a Referral Hospital in Mexico City
Authors: Hernández Solís Alejandro , Araiza Santibáñez Javier , Tejeda Olán Jazmín Guadalupe , Quintana Martínez Andrea , Hernández de la Torriente Alejandro , de la Torriente Mata Rocio
Published: June 2022

Pulmonary histoplasmosis is caused by inhaling Histoplasma capsulatum. Less than 1% develops the disease. Risk factors in immunocompetent individuals are environmental exposures in endemic areas. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency, clinical, and microbiological characteristics in immunocompetent patients. A retrospective case series study of patients diagnosed with pulmonary histoplasmosis was performed in a respiratory care unit in Mexico City from 2000 to 2020. Each patient had bronchial lavage, and three patients underwent thoracoscopy for the lung tissue sample taken for the culture in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Twelve patients were identified, 8 males and 4 females; the predominant symptoms were fever (83%), dyspnea (75%), chest pain (66%), hemoptysis (41%), and weight loss (33%). The computed tomography of the chest showed the following findings: patchy consolidation 12 (100%), hilar adenopathy 6 (50%), pleural effusion 6 (50%), caverns 3 (25%), and solitary pulmonary nodule in one patient (8%). Histoplasma capsulatum was found in the culture of all twelve patients. The signs and symptoms of the disease are mediated by the immune status of the host. The clinical picture is often confused with systemic diseases. It is important to have a high degree of clinical suspicion to make a timely diagnosis.
Artificial Neural Network Model for Indoor Decoration Intelligence Calculation and Automation Design
Authors: Li Yan
Published: June 2022

With the continuous development of science and technology, the indoor decoration industry has gradually changed toward mechanization, specialization, and intelligent direction. Based on the predecessor research, this study proposes an artificial neural network model for indoor decoration intelligence calculation and automation design. Based on scales, walls, doors, windows, and other specific components, digital image processing technology implements automatic identification of the apartment graph and completes the preprocessing of the floor plan map. Combined with the indoor decoration data set, the automated design model based on an artificial neural network is established, and the network structure and training process of the model are analyzed. Finally, the bedroom and the living room were experimentally designed. The results showed that as the number of training increased to 30 times, the MAE and MSE assessment indicators gradually decreased, and the error of the model was very small and gradually stabilized. This shows that artificial neural network automation design is better; second, artificial neural network algorithms can generate multiple layout schemes within 1 minute. The design layout is efficient and the plan is reasonable. It meets all requests such as circulation, openness, lighting, and functionality, saving a lot of human and time and providing users with more choices.