bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Robust and Adaptive Complementary Kalman Filter Based on Mahalanobis Distance for Ultra Wideband/Inertial Measurement Unit Fusion Positioning
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Yan , Khoshelham Kourosh
Published: October 2018

Ultra wideband (UWB) has been a popular technology for indoor positioning due to its high accuracy. However, in many indoor application scenarios UWB measurements are influenced by outliers under non-line of sight (NLOS) conditions. To detect and eliminate outlying UWB observations, we propose a UWB/Inertial Measurement Unit (UWB/IMU) fusion filter based on a Complementary Kalman Filter to track the errors of position, velocity and direction. By using the least squares method, the positioning residual of the UWB observation is calculated, the robustness factor of the observation is determined, and an observation weight is dynamically set. When the robustness factor does not exceed a pre-defined threshold, the observed value is considered trusted, and adaptive filtering is used to track the system state, while the abnormity of system state, which might be caused by IMU data exceptions or unreasonable noise settings, is detected by using Mahalanobis distance from the observation to the prior distribution. When the robustness factor exceeds the threshold, the observed value is considered abnormal, and robust filtering is used, whereby the impact of UWB data exceptions on the positioning results is reduced by exploiting Mahalanobis distance. Experimental results show that the observation error can be effectively estimated, and the proposed algorithm can achieve an improved positioning accuracy when affected by outlying system states of different quantity as well as outlying observations of different proportion.
A High Precision, Wireless Temperature Measurement System for Pervasive Computing Applications
Authors: Goumopoulos Christos
Published: October 2018

This paper describes the design and calibration of a highly accurate temperature measurement system for pervasive computing applications. A negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor with high resistance tolerance is interfaced through a conditioning circuit to a 12-bit digital converter of a wireless microcontroller. The system is calibrated to minimize the effect of component uncertainties and achieves an accuracy of ±0.03 °C on average (±0.05 °C in worst cases) in a 5 °C to 45 °C range. The calibration process is based on a continuous temperature sweep, while calibration data are simultaneously logged to reduce the delays and cost of conventional calibration approaches. An uncertainty analysis is performed to support the validity of the reported performance results. The described approach for interfacing the thermistor to the hardware platform can be straightforwardly adjusted for different thermistors, temperature ranges/accuracy levels/resolutions, and voltage ranges. The low power communication combined with the energy consumption optimization adopted enable an operation to be autonomic for several months to years depending on the application’s measurement frequency requirements. The system cost is approximately $45 USD in components, while its design and compact size allow its integration with extended monitoring systems in various pervasive computing environments. The system has been thoroughly tested and validated in a field trial concerning a precision agriculture application and is currently used in a health monitoring application.
Housing Discrimination and Health: Understanding Potential Linking Pathways Using a Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Mehdipanah Roshanak , Ramirez Jessica , Abedin Shanti , F. Brown Sherrill
Published: October 2018

Few studies have examined the impact of housing discrimination on health. This study explores potential pathways linking housing discrimination and health using concept mapping, a mixed-method approach. Participants included employees from twenty Fair Housing Organizations nationwide who participated in two online sessions, brainstorming, and structuring. Responses were generated representing biological, social, economic, and physical connections between housing discrimination and health. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, five clusters were identified: (1) Access and barriers; (2) Opportunities for growth; (3) Neighborhood and communities; (4) Physical effects of housing discrimination; and (5) Mental health. Clusters 1 (4.09) and 2 (4.08) were rated as most important for health, while clusters 2 (3.93) and 3 (3.90) were rated as most frequently occurring. These findings add to the limited evidence connecting housing discrimination to health and highlight the need for studies focusing on the long-term health effects of housing discrimination on individuals and neighborhoods.
Assessment of Dietary Intake of Long-Distance Race Car Drivers—A Pilot Study
Authors: Appiah-Dwomoh Edem Korkor , Carlsohn Anja , Mayer Frank
Published: October 2018

Long-distance race car drivers are classified as athletes. The sport is physically and mentally demanding, requiring long hours of practice. Therefore, optimal dietary intake is essential for health and performance of the athlete. The aim of the study was to evaluate dietary intake and to compare the data with dietary recommendations for athletes and for the general adult population according to the German Nutrition Society (DGE). A 24-h dietary recall during a competition preparation phase was obtained from 16 male race car drivers (28.3 ± 6.1 years, body mass index (BMI) of 22.9 ± 2.3 kg/m2). The mean intake of energy, nutrients, water and alcohol was recorded. The mean energy, vitamin B2, vitamin E, folate, fiber, calcium, water and alcohol intake were 2124 ± 814 kcal/day, 1.3 ± 0.5 mg/day, 12.5 ± 9.5 mg/day, 231.0 ± 90.9 ug/day, 21.4 ± 9.4 g/day, 1104 ± 764 mg/day, 3309 ± 1522 mL/day and 0.8 ± 2.5 mL/day respectively. Our study indicated that many of the nutrients studied, including energy and carbohydrate, were below the recommended dietary intake for both athletes and the DGE.
Exploring Determinants of Urban Form in China through an Empirical Study among 115 Cities
Authors: Yuan Man , Song Yan , Guo Liang
Published: October 2018

This study aims to analyze and explain the factors that influence the urban form of Chinese cities through an empirical analysis of a cross-sectional dataset of 115 cities in 2000 and 2010. Four spatial metrics, including population density, a contiguity index, a fractal dimension index, and a shape index, are used to quantify urban form. The paper compares urban form across four economic zones and across cities of different sizes. Ordinary least square and first-difference regression models are used to analyze the determinants of urban form. The results show that urban sprawl in China is characterized by decreased population density and greater irregularity and complexity of urban built-up areas. Metrics, such as Gross Domestic Product, population, transportation costs, and economical structure are associated with urban form in different ways, and urban expansion based on large-scale industrialization and real estate development is unsustainable in the new era.
In-Between Sprawl and Neo-Rurality: Sparse Settlements and the Evolution of Socio-Demographic Local Context in a Mediterranean Region
Authors: Salvia Rosanna , Serra Pere , Zambon Ilaria , Cecchini Massimo , Salvati Luca
Published: October 2018

Dispersed urbanization during the last half century has transformed metropolitan regions into well-connected, low-density residential areas. However, this kind of urbanization has changed irreversibly the traditional rural landscape around cities, leading to a new definition of ‘rurality’. The present work discusses the intimate relationship between urban sprawl and new forms of rurality. Considering economic downturns and the possible impact on landscape transformations, our study focuses on a representative Mediterranean case of urban sprawl (the metropolitan region of Athens, Greece). In this area, urban settlements expanded rapidly into fringe land, producing relevant socio-demographic transformations that have determined uneven changes in rural landscapes. A spatially-explicit investigation of local-scale dynamics that characterize population residing in sparse settlements over a long time period (1961–2011)—encompassing distinct phases of urban growth and rural development—is relevant for analysis of local changes in the relationship between sprawl and new forms of rurality. A new concept of ‘rurality’—adapting to rapidly-evolving, mixed rural/peri-urban contexts—require reframing the relationship between rural landscapes, scattered settlements, economic cycles and socio-demographic aspects, in the light of a truly sustainable development of local territories.
The Clandestine Transition towards an Unsustainable Urban Model in Extremadura, Spain
Authors: Jiménez Víctor , Campesino Antonio-José
Published: October 2018

Given the incessant and clandestine proliferation of housing on the Undevelopable Land of Extremadura, Spain, and that administrative attention to this problem has been scarce, it is inevitable that urban geographers will turn away from the main focus of their study: cities. Thus, a methodology has been designed to discover housing irregularities in the countryside, and to quantify, locate, and date them. To do this, we have digitalized all urban planning in the region and performed sweeps on orthophotos at a maximum scale of 1:1500. Every single dwelling in the region has been detected using this method. The rurbanization in this region means that there has been a change in the urban model that has not been gradual. The fragile and weakened urban network of Extremadura has agglutinated a large part of the population, which has resulted in territorial emptying, but not in a stagnation of artificialization. In fact, the urban network has become increasingly dispersed and isolated because of residential growth outside the limits of Urban and Developable Land. In addition, this growth is eminently clandestine. The worrying results show us that there is an urgent need for the Administration to create and apply a Regional Plan for the Management and Control of Rurban Development.
Systemic Administration and Targeted Delivery of Immunogenic Oncolytic Adenovirus Encapsulated in Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Therapies
Authors: Garofalo Mariangela , Villa Alessandro , Rizzi Nicoletta , Kuryk Lukasz , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Ciana Paolo
Published: October 2018

Oncolytic viruses (OV) are engineered to infect, replicate in and kill cancer cells. Currently, the OV therapeutic approach is mainly restricted to neoplasia amenable to direct local administration of viral particles, while the possibility of a systemic delivery of cancer-tropic viruses would extend the OV application to the treatment of metastatic neoplasia. Herein, we applied in vivo/ex vivo imaging to demonstrate that cancer tropism is achieved when OV are encapsulated inside extracellular vesicles (EV) administered intravenously (i.v.), but not when injected intraperitoneally (i.p.). Moreover, we show that the therapeutic procedure adopted does not alter the immunomodulatory properties of the viruses.
Three-Dimensional Aerators: Characteristics of the Air Bubbles
Authors: Li Shuai , Zhang Jianmin , Chen Xiaoqing , Chen Jiangang
Published: October 2018

Three-dimensional aerators are often used in hydraulic structures to prevent cavitation damage via enhanced air entrainment. However, the mechanisms of aeration and bubble dispersion along the developing shear flow region on such aerators remain unclear. A double-tip conductivity probe is employed in present experimental study to investigate the air concentration, bubble count rate, and bubble size downstream of a three-dimensional aerator involving various approach-flow features and geometric parameters. The results show that the cross-sectional distribution of the air bubble frequency is in accordance with the Gaussian distribution, and the relationship between the air concentration and bubble frequency obeys a quasi-parabolic law. The air bubble frequency reaches an apex at an air concentration (C) of approximately 50% and decreases to zero as C = 0% and C = 100%. The relative location of the air-bubble frequency apex is 0.210, 0.326 and 0.283 times the thickness of the layers at the upper, lower and side nappes, respectively. The air bubble chord length decreases gradually from the air water interface to the core area. The air concentration increases exponentially with the bubble chord length. The air bubble frequency distributions can be fit well using a “modified” gamma distribution function.
Targeting the Pseudomonas quinolone signal quorum sensing system for the discovery of novel anti-infective pathoblockers
Authors: Schütz Christian , Empting Martin
Published: October 2018

The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes severe nosocomial infections. It uses quorum sensing (QS) to regulate and coordinate population-wide group behaviours in the infection process like concerted secretion of virulence factors. One very important signalling network is the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) QS. With the aim to devise novel and innovative anti-infectives, inhibitors have been designed to address the various potential drug targets present within pqs QS. These range from enzymes within the biosynthesis cascade of the signal molecules PqsABCDE to the receptor of these autoinducers PqsR (MvfR). This review shortly introduces P. aeruginosa and its pathogenicity traits regulated by the pqs system and highlights the published drug discovery efforts providing insights into the compound binding modes if available. Furthermore, suitability of the individual targets for pathoblocker design is discussed.
THE EFFECT OF LEADER TRUST AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING ON STAFF SATISFACTION AT WORK: INVESTIGATION OF UNIVERSITIES IN SYRIA
Authors: Dalati Serene , Alchach Hala
Published: October 2018

This research paper examines the effect of leader trust, organisational trust and knowledge sharing on staff attitudes and satisfaction at work at universities in Syria. The research methodology employs a quantitative design of questionnaire instrument. The model predicts that if employees develop high levels of trust in their leader and organizations, this will stimulate a good quality relationship and develop satisfaction at work. Leader trust, Knowledge sharing behaviour and job satisfaction subscales are based on prior research measures. Sampling strategy employed non-probability sampling. The size of the sample is 161. The results of the research designate that trust in leader and knowledge sharing behaviours are positively associated with employee job satisfaction.
ROBUST DIFFERENCE SCHEME FOR THE CAUCHY PROBLEM FOR A SINGULARLY PERTURBED ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Authors: Shishkina Lidia Pavlovna , Shishkin Grigorii Ivanovich
Published: October 2018

Grid approximation of the Cauchy problem on the interval D = {0 ≤ x ≤ d} is first studied for a linear singularly perturbed ordinary differential equation of the first order with a perturbation parameter ε multiplying the derivative in the equation where the parameter ε takes arbitrary values in the half-open interval (0, 1]. In the Cauchy problem under consideration, for small values of the parameter ε, a boundary layer of width O(ε) appears on which the solution varies by a finite value. It is shown that, for such a Cauchy problem, the solution of the standard difference scheme on a uniform grid does not converge ε-uniformly in the maximum norm; convergence occurs only under the condition h ε, where h = d N −1 , N is the number of grid intervals, h is the grid step-size. Taking into account the behavior of the singular component in the solution, a special piecewise-uniform grid is constructed that condenses in a neighborhood of the boundary layer. It is established that the standard difference scheme on such a special grid converges ε-uniformly in the maximum norm at the rate O(N −1 lnN). Such a scheme is called a robust one.

For a model Cauchy problem for a singularly perturbed ordinary differential equation, standard difference schemes on a uniform grid (a classical difference scheme) and on a piecewise-uniform grid (a special difference scheme) are constructed and investigated. The results of numerical experiments are given, which are consistent with theoretical results.
INTEGRATED SUPPLY CHAIN OF SUPPLIER AND RETAILER FOR STOCHASTIC DEMAND
Authors: Tiwari Sunil , Jaggi Chandra K. , Sana Shib Sankar
Published: October 2018

This article deals with a two-stage supply chain comprising of the retailer and the supplier in which demand of the end customers follows news-vendor type demand. The setup costs, purchasing and procurement costs are dependent on lot sizes. The mathematical models for continuous and discrete variables of the chain are analyzed mathematically to maximize the expected average profits of individual and the collaborating systems. As our study suggests that collaborating system is always better than the decentralized system for known distribution cases, we also optimize the joint profit of the retailer and the supplier for a distribution free case which is implemented for unknown distribution. Finally, numerical examples of the demand patterns are illustrated to justify the proposed model. The punctual research directions from the proposed model are also provided in the conclusion section.
AN OPERATOR-BASED APPROACH FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CLOSED-FORM SOLUTIONS TO FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Navickas Zenonas , Telksnys Tadas , Timofejeva Inga , Marcinkevičius Romas , Ragulskis Minvydas
Published: October 2018

An operator-based approach for the construction of closed-form solutions to fractional differential equations is presented in this paper. The technique is based on the analysis of Caputo and Riemann-Liouville algebras of fractional power series. Explicit solutions to a class of linear fractional differential equations are obtained in terms of Mittag-Leffler and fractionally-integrated exponential functions in order to demonstrate the viability of the proposed technique.
On the Stability of Incompressible MHD Modes in Magnetic Cylinder with Twisted Magnetic Field and Flow
Authors: Cheremnykh Oleg , Fedun Viktor , Ladikov-Roev Yu. , Verth Gary
Published: October 2018

In this work, we studied MHD modes in a magnetically twisted flux tube with a twisted flow that is embedded in the uniform magnetic field. We consider when the azimuthal magnetic field and velocity are linear functions of radius (case i) and also more generally when they are arbitrary functions of radius (case ii). Under these assumptions, we obtain the dispersion equation in the incompressible limit. This solution can also be used to describe the MHD perturbations in plasma pinches and vortices. The dispersion equation is simplified by implementing the thin flux tube approximation. It is shown that sausage modes (m = 0) become unstable for large enough azimuthal flow speeds. Also, we obtained the unstable modes for m > 0. It is shown that the stability criterion of the m = 1 mode (for case i) is independent of the background azimuthal components of the plasma velocity and magnetic field. These criteria fully coincide with the result that was previously obtained by Syrovatskiy for a plane interface. Moreover, this result even remains valid when the azimuthal magnetic field and velocity have an arbitrary dependence on radius (case ii). A criterion for the stability of the m ≥ 2 modes is also obtained. It was found that instability of these modes is determined by both longitudinal and azimuthal flows. It is shown that if there is sufficient azimuthal background flow, then all modes with m ≥ 2 will become unstable.
iPTF 16hgs: A Double-peaked Ca-rich Gap Transient in a Metal-poor, Star-forming Dwarf Galaxy
Authors: De Kishalay , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Cantwell Therese , Cao Yi , Cenko S. Bradley , Gal-Yam Avishay , Johansson Joel , Kong Albert , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Lunnan Ragnhild , Masci Frank , Matuszewski Matt , Mooley Kunal P. , Neill James D. , Nugent Peter E. , Ofek Eran O. , Perrott Yvette , Rebbapragada Umaa D. , Rubin Adam , Sullivan Donal O’ , Yaron Ofer
Published: October 2018

Calcium-rich gap transients represent an intriguing new class of faint and fast-evolving supernovae that exhibit strong [Ca ii] emission in their nebular phase spectra. In this paper, we present the discovery and follow-up observations of a faint and fast-evolving transient, iPTF 16hgs, that exhibited a double-peaked light curve. Exhibiting a Type Ib spectrum in the photospheric phase and an early transition to a [Ca ii] dominated nebular phase, iPTF 16hgs shows properties consistent with the class of Ca-rich gap transients, with two important exceptions. First, while the second peak of the light curve is similar to other Ca-rich gap transients, the first blue and fast-fading peak (declining over ≈2 days) is unique to this source. Second, we find that iPTF 16hgs occurred in the outskirts (projected offset of ≈6 kpc ≈ 1.9 R
eff) of a low-metallicity (≈0.4 Z
⊙), star-forming, dwarf spiral galaxy. Deep limits from late-time radio observations suggest a low-density environment for the source. If iPTF 16hgs shares explosion physics with the class of Ca-rich gap transients, the first peak can be explained by the presence of 0.01 M
⊙ of 56Ni in the outer layers the ejecta, reminiscent of some models of He-shell detonations on WDs. However, if iPTF 16hgs is physically unrelated to the class, the first peak is consistent with shock cooling emission (of an envelope with a mass of ≈0.08 M
⊙ and radius of ≈13 R
⊙) in a core-collapse explosion of a highly stripped massive star in a close binary system.
Convection-driven Generation of Ubiquitous Coronal Waves
Authors: Aschwanden Markus J. , Gošic Milan , Hurlburt Neal E. , Scullion Eamon
Published: October 2018

We develop a new method to measure the 3D kinematics of the subphotospheric motion of magnetic elements, which is used to study the coupling between the convection-driven vortex motion and the generation of ubiquitous coronal waves. We use the method of decomposing a line-of-sight magnetogram from MDI/SDO into unipolar magnetic charges, which yields the (projected) 2D motion [x(t), y(t)] and the (half) width evolution w(t) of an emerging magnetic element from an initial depth of d ≲ 1500 km below the photosphere. A simple model of rotational vortex motion with magnetic flux conservation during the emergence process of a magnetic element predicts the width evolution, i.e., w(t)/w
0 = [B(t)/B
0]−1/2, and an upper limit of the depth variation d(t) ≤ 1.3 w(t). While previous 2D tracing of magnetic elements provided information on advection and superdiffusion, our 3D tracing during the emergence process of a magnetic element is consistent with a ballistic trajectory in the upward direction. From the estimated Poynting flux and lifetimes of convective cells, we conclude that the Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter–detected low-amplitude transverse magnetohydrodynamic waves are generated by the convection-driven vortex motion. Our observational measurements of magnetic elements appear to contradict the theoretical random-walk braiding scenario of Parker.
Bogidiella pingxiangensis, a new species of subterranean Amphipoda from southern China (Bogidiellidae)
Authors: Zheng Yami , Hou Zhonge , Li Shuqiang
Published: October 2018

A new species of subterranean amphipod,BogidiellapingxiangensisHou & Li,sp. n., is described from Xiongshizilong Cave in Pingxiang City, China. The new species is characterized by having the bases of pereopods III and V expanded; the inner ramus of pleopods I–III with one segment; the telson longer than wide and with the apical margin with a shallow U-shaped excavation. DNA barcode of the new species is documented as support of molecular differences between related species.
Comparison of Different Remission and Low Disease Definitions in Psoriatic Arthritis and Evaluation of Their Prognostic Value
Authors: Coates Laura C. , Gottlieb Alice B. , Merola Joseph F. , Boone Caroline , Szumski Annette , Chhabra Amit
Published: October 2018

Objective.

There is no agreement on the optimal definitions for assessing disease state in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and some of the commonly used definitions do not include assessment of skin lesions. We investigated the performance of various definitions in patients with PsA and psoriasis.

Methods.

This was a posthoc analysis of data from the PRESTA study. The remission definitions analyzed were very low disease activity (VLDA) index, defined as 7/7 of the minimal disease activity (MDA) cutoffs; Disease Activity Index for PsA (DAPSA); and clinical (c-) DAPSA. The low disease activity (LDA) definitions analyzed were as follows: MDA defined as 5/7 cutoffs; MDA joint with both the tender joint count (TJC) and swollen joint count (SJC) cutoffs mandated; MDA skin where skin cutoff was mandated; MDA joint + skin where TJC, SJC, and skin cutoffs were mandated; DAPSA LDA; and cDAPSA LDA.

Results.

At Week 24, the proportions of patients achieving VLDA, DAPSA, and cDAPSA remission were 10%, 35%, and 37%, respectively. Of the patients achieving DAPSA and cDAPSA remission, 55% and 56%, respectively, had Psoriasis Area and Severity Index > 1. The proportions of patients achieving MDA 5/7, MDA skin, MDA joint, and MDA joint + skin were 44%, 19%, 36%, and 14%, respectively, versus 70% achieving DAPSA and cDAPSA LDA. Notable residual levels of psoriasis were observed in patients achieving the definitions that did not require skin disease control.

Conclusion.

VLDA and MDA definitions are more stringent than DAPSA and cDAPSA definitions for the assessment of PsA. The relevance of residual disease to patients, however, remains to be determined. [Clinical Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.govNCT00245960]
Les enjeux des JO d’Athènes
Authors: Chiclet Christophe
Published: October 2018

108 ans après leur création, les JO modernes reviennent dans leur berceau, en Grèce. Pour ce pays, il s’agit d’une victoire plus politique que sportive. Mais les enjeux sont énormes, économiques, politiques, mais aussi un enjeu de crédibilité pour un pays de seulement dix millions d’habitants. Et la première des crédibilités, après le 11 septembre 2001 et le 11 mars 2004, c’est la sécurité des Jeux, comme durant la trêve olympique des Jeux antiques.
1896 : la renaissance des Jeux olympiques
Authors: Krauss Alexis
Published: October 2018

Aujourd’hui, on ne peut nier le succès considérable de l’entreprise du baron Pierre de Coubertin qui, malgré des critiques souvent justifiées, s’est imposée comme l’événement sportif majeur de la planète, consacrant les nouvelles divinités féminines et masculines. L’envergure mondiale de l’événement en fait aussi nécessairement une extraordinaire entreprise économique, sujet de convoitise et jusque-là réservée aux pays riches. Troublante manifestation du monde moderne, occasion de faire des affaires, voire de promouvoir de bonnes causes, les JO, aux bilans contradictoires, mettent en avant l’égalité des sexes et des races.
L’intégration des sportifs professionnels méditerranéens dans l’Union européenne
Authors: Husting Alexandre
Published: October 2018

Dans le domaine sportif, un arrêt de 1995 a mis fin aux quotas de nationalité dans la composition des clubs et des indemnités de transfert en fin de contrat pour les sportifs professionnels ressortissants de l’UE. La Communauté européenne a également conclu des accords d’association avec des Etats tiers, notamment méditerranéens, dont certains contenant une clause de non-discrimination de nationalité. Dans le cadre du Partenariat euro-méditerranéen, issu de la Conférence de Barcelone de 1995, de nouveaux accords ont été signés avec 12 pays méditerranéens du Maghreb, du Machrek et Israël. Quand est il exactement de la situation de ces sportifs professionnels ?
Discours sportif à vocation méditerranéenne
Authors: Erraïs Borhane
Published: October 2018

Le sport moderne s’affirme comme support privilégié de la construction et de la pérennisation des Etats. En Tunisie il est notamment un moyen pour la classe politique de donner au pays une visibilité en l’inscrivant dans des compétitions internationales mais aussi en participant aux instances internationales que sont le CIO ou le CIJM, véritables tribunes où se défendent les causes, se déploient les jeux de pouvoir et se conquièrent des légitimités ; au sein de ces centres de gravité du sport mondial se cristallisent des reconnaissances et s’affirment des souverainetés.
L’éclatement de la Yougoslavie a-t-il commencé dans les stades ?
Authors: Dérens Jean-Arnault
Published: October 2018

Une formule fréquemment citée au début des années 1990 affirmait que les guerres yougoslaves « avaient commencé dans le stade Maksimir ». Le grand stade de Zagreb a en effet été le théâtre d’impressionnants affrontements, verbaux et physiques, entre les supporteurs croates et serbes. Le football a souvent été le théâtre privilégié des passions nationalistes, mais toutes les compétitions sportives ont été amenées à jouer ce rôle. En juin 2003 encore, des violentes bagarres ont éclaté à l’occasion du championnat d’Europe de water-polo, qui a vu s’affronter en finale la Serbie et la Croatie.
Vertus de la honte
Authors: Maubrun Sylvain
Published: October 2018

Quelles qualités reconnaître à la honte ? En partant de ce par quoi le sujet y accède, soit l’affect, et en ramenant quelques exemples disparates au travers desquels elle peut se rencontrer, je tenterai de faire valoir l’implication du corps comme surface dans son surgissement. Par ce passage qu’elle impose, d’un intime vers une scène exposée au regard, une extimité qui en produit son précipité sur le corps, l’examen de la honte se resserrera sur la question de savoir comment elle peut se réfléchir à l’égard du circuit pulsionnel, comment elle s’y crochète. Il sera ainsi question du cas d’érythrophobie présenté à la « Société du mercredi », qui occasionna une discussion chez les premiers psychanalystes, au cours de laquelle Freud pointera l’implication de la rage. Enfin, si Lacan confère à la honte la portée éthique d’entamer la célébration de l’être, je m’interrogerai sur ses vertus, tant pour le sujet qui s’en dira couvert, que pour l’analyste dans son acte. Son caractère enseignant tiendrait alors à ce qu’elle nous amène à maintenir la direction de la cure, soit le « roulement » de discours. Répondre à cet instant crucial de la honte serait peut-être de faire preuve d’un tact au plus proche du style de l’analyste.
Du vide au trait : la racine du signifiant phobique
Authors: Frangne Claudie
Published: October 2018

Remonter jusqu’aux racines du signifiant phobique, c’est tenter de saisir le passage du vide au trait qui inaugure le procès scriptural de la phobie. Pour cerner le « presque rien » qui inscrit cette coupure, le travail de la cure opère à la limite entre imaginaire et réel : on explore l’intersection de la spéculation et de l’observation clinique, que tout semble séparer.  Qu’est-ce qui fait la radicalité du questionnement phobique ? Sa critique de la représentation (Vorstellung) , mais plus encore sa déconstruction de l’espace perspectif, centré par un point de fuite. Il lui substitue un espace imbriqué, disjoint, non géométrisable, sans profondeur – fondé sur un emboîtement, une mise en abyme. Apparaît ainsi, sous-jacente, une structure logique d’inclusion , qui traduit dans la clinique que la spatialité phobique est reliée à l’inclusion du sujet dans la jouissance maternelle. Ce repérage conduit à se demander si, dans la phobie, ce n’est pas le comptage logique du sujet qui est en cause.
Habiter l’inséparation
Authors: Quessada Dominique , Citton Yves
Published: October 2018

Nous sommes désormais entrés dans l’ontologie de l’inséparation. Un mouvement de fond nous a fait passer d’un univers humaniste composé d’entités séparables à un réel inséparé où tous les phénomènes devenus globalisés sont liés a priori (et non a posteriori), en intra- relation de co-évolution et de co-dépendance. Notre monde élabore une nouvelle condition d’existence, d’où la figure de l’Autre a disparu. Est-ce bien ? Est-ce mal ? Là n’est pas la question. Cela est .
Hors de la maison
Authors: Coccia Emanuele
Published: October 2018

Dès ses origines, l’écologie a toujours voulu présupposer l’existence parmi les êtres vivants non-humains d’un ordre, d’un équilibre naturel qu’il est nécessaire d’affirmer pour nier ou refouler l’apparente « guerre de tous contre tous » censée régner entre les différentes espèces naturelles. L’article essaie de définir les présupposés théologiques de cette idée d’ordre, et de montrer qu’au centre de l’interaction entre toutes les espèces, il y a une activité d’inclusion et d’inséparation qui se manifeste par l’alimentation.
Une offre morale plastique
Authors: Kaouès Fatiha
Published: October 2018

Depuis quinze ans, le monde arabe, en particulier le Liban, est le théâtre d’une campagne dynamique d’évangélisation, lancée par le protestantisme évangélique, qui accorde une place prépondérante à la conversion. L’organisation non gouvernementale (ONG) est la structure privilégiée des évangélistes. Elle s’adapte parfaitement aux caractères d’une mouvance qui fonctionne en réseau, au plan transnational, et investit de larges pans du social et de l’économique. Dans cet article, on questionne les valeurs dont se réclame une ONG évangélique particulière, World Vision, et la manière dont elles sont reçues par les convertis. En analysant les parcours de deux protagonistes, Melkon et Mona, on tente de montrer que les valeurs morales alléguées par l’ONG permettent aux individus de donner sens et cohérence à leurs parcours conversionnels. Si World Vision travaille à la valorisation des individus et met en relief les manquements de la société libanaise en matière de solidarité, l’ONG participe paradoxalement à fragiliser la cohésion familiale.
Diagnosis of Flexible Flatfoot in Children: A Systematic Clinical Approach
Authors: Benedetti Maria Grazia , Ceccarelli Francesco , Berti Lisa , Luciani Deianira , Catani Fabio , Boschi Marco , Giannini Sandro
Published: October 2018

The goal of this study was to provide measures of symptoms and signs in a consecutive case series of children with flexible flatfoot based on a systematic clinical approach. Fifty-three children (age range, 10–14 years) previously diagnosed with flexible flatfoot were evaluated by a structured interview and clinical assessment. Most patients had foot symptoms (65.3% of feet) and functional limitation (68.3%). Symptoms included a sensation of discomfort (11.3%), such as early tiredness or difficulties during prolonged standing or walking, and pain (54%), mostly located in the plantar aspect of the foot (28.7%) and the medial hindfoot (18.8%). Body mass index was positively correlated to the presence of symptoms and their severity.

Even if an enlarged footprint was present in 93.1% of feet, objective assessment evidenced the presence of heel valgus only in 83% of feet. Forefoot adduction was present in 22% of feet. Jack’s test provided varus correction in only 54% of feet. Internal knee rotation was the most common associated disalignment, present in 43.6% of limbs. Symptoms were significantly correlated to knee alignment, and functional limitation was correlated to heel valgus. Standing balance on 1 leg was significantly correlated to footprint grading severity.

A systematic clinical approach to assess children with flexible flatfoot should always be recommended for the correct diagnosis and the associated treatment management based on symptoms, functional limitation, and foot dysfunction. Functional assessment by specific tests should be included in the examination, as evidence exists that morphology and function are not necessarily related.
Recent Advancements in Customized Investment Castings Through Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Singh Sunpreet , Prakash Chander , Uthayakumar M.
Published: October 2018

Conventional investment casting (IC) has suffered from numerous limitations such as rigidity of the process, longer production cycles, higher tooling cost, and waste during different manufacturing stages. With the invent of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, it is now possible to overcome the aforesaid issues along with additional benefits in terms of comparatively better quality characteristics of the resulting castings. The collaboration of AM and IC provided numerous avenues, specifically in biomedical, aerospace, and automobile sectors. AM technologies supported the IC process both in direct and indirect ways where these systems can be used for both job and mass production applications, respectively. In the chapter, the author will try to discuss the assistance of AM process to IC in detail. Each and every step to be followed will be supported with the practical findings, either by the contributing author or published somewhere else. Moreover, some of the case studies will be discussed in detail to highlight the practical importance of the duo.
Performance Study of LaPO4-Y2O3 Composite Fabricated by Sol-Gel Process Using Abrasive Waterjet Machining
Authors: Uthayakumar M. , Karnan Balamurugan , Slota Adam , Zajac Jerzy , Davim J. Paulo
Published: October 2018

This chapter presents an effective approach to assess the abrasive water jet machining of lanthanum phosphate reinforced with yttrium composite. A novel composite is prepared with the mixture of lanthanum phosphate sol and yttrium nitrate hexalate with a ratio of 80/20 by aqueous sol-gel process. Silicon carbide of 80 mesh size is used as abrasive. The effects of each input parameter of abrasive water jet machining are studied with an objective to improve the material removal rate with reduced kerf angle and surface roughness. The observations show that the jet pressure contributes by 77.6% and 45.15% in determining material removal rate and kerf angle, respectively. Through analysis of variance, an equal contribution of jet pressure (38.18%) and traverse speed (40.97%) on surface roughness is recorded. Microscopic examination shows the internal stress developed by silicon carbide which tends to get plastic deformation over the cut surface.
The Ethics of Embrionic Stem Cells Research
Authors: Huidu Alexandra
Published: October 2018

Embrionic stem cells research, as opposed to hematopoietic stem cells research, has always stirred up many controversies of ethical nature that have projected their effects in the specialized doctrine of the domain of medical bioethics and law. Some of these controversies have been transposed at the legislative level (both by international normative acts and by the national laws of the states) while others are not yet de object of consensus. All that is not transposed by law remains in the exclusive sphere of ethics, so the ethical discussion in embryonic stem cell research is not only relevant for today's modern medicine but also of the utmost importance for a category of specialists in various research fields.
Contributions of Entrepreneurial Orientation to Competitive Advantage
Authors: Rua Orlando Manuel Martins Marques Lima
Published: October 2018

The main objective of this chapter is to analyze the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and competitive advantage on Portuguese exporting textiles small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Therefore, a quantitative methodological approach was used, conducting a descriptive, exploratory, and transversal empirical study, having applied a questionnaire to a sample of Portuguese SMEs, associated of the Portuguese textile association (ATP). The structural equations model was used for this purpose, using the partial least squares (PLS). Based on survey data from 247 firms, the empirical results indicate that 1) innovation have a positive and significant impact on differentiation, 2) proactivity and risk-taking does not have a positive and significant impact on differentiation, and 3) innovation, proactivity, and risk-taking does not have a positive and significant impact on cost leadership. This study shows that Portuguese textile SMEs seek to support and stimulate new ideas, experimentation, and creativity that surely result in new products, services, and processes.
Assessing Social Entrepreneurs' Personal Network for Resource Acquisition
Authors: Bernardino Susana , Santos José Freitas
Published: October 2018

Social entrepreneurial activity is characterized by the innovative search for resource acquisition, combination, and management to pursue opportunities aiming at fulfilling the organization's mission. The network approach to entrepreneurship assumes that entrepreneurs use their personal network to acquire resources and manage the assets of the organization. This chapter intends to analyze whether social entrepreneurs use their personal network to acquire different resources. The investigation uses a quantitative approach, based on an online survey of individuals involved in the management of Portuguese social organizations. The results attained reveal that social entrepreneurs are usually involved in strong and diversified networks. Their personal networks shape the way human, financial, and informational resources are obtained and managed. The major influence is made by social entrepreneurs' indirect contacts (weak ties) and the benefits they perceive these networks are able to provide.
Improvement of Continuity Between Industrial Software and Research One by Object-Oriented Finite Element Formulation of Shell and Plate Element
Authors: Moussaoui Sabah , Belgasmia Mourad
Published: October 2018

This chapter shows, through the example of the addition of a plate and shell element to freeware FEM-object, an object-oriented (C++) finite element program, how object-oriented approaches, as opposed to procedural approaches, make finite element codes more compact, more modular, and versatile but mainly more easily expandable, in order to improve the continuity and the compatibility between software of research and industrial software. The fundamental traits of object-oriented programming are first briefly reviewed, and it is shown how such an approach simplifies the coding process. Then, the isotropic shell and orthotropic plate formulations used are given and the discretized equations developed. Finally, the necessary additions to the FEM-object code are reviewed. Numerical examples using the newly created plate membrane plate element are shown.
Optimization of Condensed Stiffness Matrices for Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Tee Kong Fah
Published: October 2018

This chapter aims to develop a system identification methodology for determining structural parameters of linear dynamic systems, taking into consideration practical constraints such as insufficient sensors. Based on numerical analysis of measured responses (output) due to known excitations (input), structural parameters such as stiffness values are identified. If the values at the damaged state are compared with the identified values at the undamaged state, damage detection and quantification can be carried out. To retrieve second-order parameters from the identified state space model, various methodologies developed thus far impose different restrictions on the number of sensors and actuators employed. The restrictions are relaxed in this study by a proposed method called the condensed model identification and recovery (CMIR) method. To estimate individual stiffness coefficient from the condensed stiffness matrices, the genetic algorithms approach is presented to accomplish the required optimization problem.
Optimization of Soil Structure Effect by the Addition of Dashpots in Substratum Modelization
Authors: Bougherra Souhaib , Belgasmia Mourad
Published: October 2018

Soil structure interaction can significantly affect the behavior of buildings subjected to seismic attacks, wind excitation, and other dynamic loading types. Different researches were developed in the last decade demonstrating the importance of taking account of soil properties and its effect in changing the behavior of the structures. It is common practice to analyze the structures assuming a fixed base, but this approach is not appropriate for the reason that neglecting the soil parameters such as the stiffness and the damping affect the behavior of the structure. Therefore, the nonlinear static approach provided the nonlinear response behavior of a structure for different types of soil. In this chapter, the authors will discuss some proposed methods in taking account of soil-structure interaction that must be considered from the very beginning of the design process and its impact on the structural behavior optimization by adding springs and dashpots to reproduce the soil behavior.
Measurement of the Staff Resilience of the Technological Institute Lázaro Cárdenas
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Barrios-Vargas Ofelia , Mercado-Torres Sergio
Published: October 2018

The objective of this chapter is to show the importance and measurement of the resilience of the personnel of the Technological Institute of Lázaro Cárdenas Michoacán in scale of Resilience Mexican (RESI-M). An analytical review is made about resilience, with emphasis on central aspects such as its origin, definition, and the factors that determine the application of resilience, indicators, and disruptive situations. The models that establish different authors, classified in size and factors of resilience, follow different patterns according to sex, age, and schooling. A group of 100 top-level teachers was evaluated. The authors conclude that the level of resilience in women and men is significant.
FinTech and Its Disruption to Financial Institutions
Authors: Liu Chen
Published: October 2018

This chapter studies how FinTech is transforming traditional financial institutions (FIs). This chapter achieves the four related goals. First, it discusses the current stage of FinTech development in different areas such as crowdfunding, payment, blockchain, and cryptocurrency. Second, it examines how each FinTech development affects traditional FIs, in both positive and negative ways. Third, it explores how FIs are currently managing FinTech innovations. It also suggests ways through which these institutions could best utilize FinTech to better serve their customers and eventually optimize the overall financial system. Finally, following the book's focus on man's role at the center of technology advancement, this chapter discusses whether FIs' customers' needs are still placed at the center of FIs' incentives to adapt new technology, and if not, how can we focus back to the people that the financial system ultimately serves.
Big Data, Semantics, and Policy-Making
Authors: El Bassiti Lamyaa
Published: October 2018

At the heart of all policy design and implementation, there is a need to understand how well decisions are made. It is evidently known that the quality of decision making depends significantly on the quality of the analyses and advice provided to the associated actors. Over decades, organizations were highly diligent in gathering and processing vast amounts of data, but they have given less emphasis on how these data can be used in policy argument. With the arrival of big data, attention has been focused on whether it could be used to inform policy-making. This chapter aims to bridge this gap, to understand variations in how big data could yield usable evidence, and how policymakers can make better use of those evidence in policy choices. An integrated and holistic look at how solving complex problems could be conducted on the basis of semantic technologies and big data is presented in this chapter.