bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some Issues of Carrying out of Inter-Disciplinary Research and the Improvement of the Range of Scientific Majors
Authors:   Director of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport, LL.D., Professor, Dukhno Nikolay A. , Koryakin Viktor M. ,   Head of the Department of Civil Law, Private International Law and Civil Procedure of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport, LL.D., Professor
Published: December 2020

The purpose is to substantiate proposals for finalizing the draft of a new nomenclature of scientific specialties in the direction of creating conditions for conducting complex, interdisciplinary legal research within its framework. In this paper, the authors clarify the content of the concepts “interdisciplinarity” and “complexity” in relation to legal research; critically analyze the current nomenclature of scientific specialties; identify problems of regulatory regulation of the list of scientific specialties in the draft of the new nomenclature prepared by the working group of the Ministry of education and science of Russia; formulation of proposals for improving this project. Methodology: system and structural-functional methods; analysis and synthesis; comparative method; normative-logical and hermeneutical methods. Conclusions. Two trends in the development of legal science have been identified: on the one hand, there is an integrativity aimed at merging, interpenetrating, combining branches and areas of scientific research into complex, interdisciplinary education; on the other hand, differentiation and specialization of scientific areas continue, and the emergence of new areas of scientific research. Some shortcomings of the current nomenclature of scientific specialties for which degrees are awarded are shown. Scientific and practical significance. It is shown that the current nomenclature does not fully allow applicants for academic degrees to conduct comprehensive interdisciplinary research in the field of jurisprudence. The article substantiates proposals for improving the nomenclature of scientific specialties by adding the section “complex legal Sciences” to it.
Worldview Grounds of Law: The Structure and Functions
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Arbitration Procedure of the Samara State University of Economics PhD (Law), Lang Petr P.
Published: December 2020

Purpose. To show the structural organization of the worldview foundations of law, the meaning of the legal worldview. Methodology: general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis are used. Conclusions. The legal worldview is the integration of relevant components of legal consciousness that systematically reflect the understanding of the interaction of man and law, the place, significance, and rights in the life of an individual and society. Worldview ideas embodied in the fundamental values, principles of functioning of the legal system are ideally the main semantic reference point for the implementation of professional activities of a lawyer. The structure of the legal worldview includes: the value bases of law, the social purpose of law (the presence of law as a social phenomenon), the knowledge of law and legal phenomena (a condition for the development of human ideas about the world of law), the teleology of the worldview of legal activity. Functions of the legal worldview: formation of ideas and ideas about social ideals, values, attitudes; creation of value orientations of legal activity; formation of a legal picture of the world and a systematic assessment of legal reality. Scientific and practical significance. The results of the research allow us to fix the universal value of the worldview in the assessment of law as a social phenomenon, show the inextricable connection between the value bases of law and the goals of legal activity. In the practical aspect, the significance of the legal worldview in the activities of a lawyer is confirmed.
The Place of Criminal Repression in the Modern Criminal Law Futurology
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Russian State Social University, PhD (Law), Zhesterov Pavel V.
Published: December 2020

Purpose. The author reveals the issues of a new direction of criminological foresight - criminal law futurology. The author clarifies the role of predictions in the fight against crime and the prevention of crimes by criminal means. Methodology: the study uses a set of dialectical, systemic, logical methods. The author pays special attention to the genesis of the essence and content of criminological forecasting. Conducts a comparative analysis of the latest forecasting methods, based on the use of modern technologies and based on mathematical tools. Conclusions. The author concludes that further short-term and long-term criminological studies of a prognostic nature are necessary, the results of which can be more widely used in the formation and implementation of criminal policy. The author indicates promising directions for further scientific research.
On Combating Modern Extremism and Terrorism in the Conditions of the Use of New Technologies
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Criminology and Penal Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), LL.D., Professor, Antonyan Elena A. , Milovanova Marina M. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminalistics of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: December 2020

Purpose. A study of the current state of the fight against cyber terrorism and cyber extremism in the context of the development of new technologies, when modern achievements of scientific and technological progress are actively used in the area under consideration in order to develop new approaches to solving the question posed. Methodology: the article is based on a reasonable combination of the general scientific dialectical method with legal positivism. Social connections and phenomena, and their interaction with scientific categories are considered in dialectical unity. Consideration of a separate document is based on comparative legal positivism. The work uses scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Conclusions. 1. Today there is no comprehensive approach to organizing the fight against cyber terrorism and cyber extremism. 2. At present, terrorism and extremism are actively using in their activities modern capabilities of electronic and information-telecommunication systems and technologies. 3. The current global geopolitical situation in the world does not allow the creation of an effective international system for combating and countering terrorism and extremism, especially in the use of modern electronic and telecommunication technologies. Scientific and practical significance. The article presents some of the author’s positions on how, in the absence of effective legal means of organizing the interaction of law enforcement structures of states, it is possible to consolidate one’s efforts to minimize the spread of cybercrime in the world and, in particular, such most dangerous manifestations of it as cyber terrorism and cyber extremism.
On the Role of Victimologic Prevention in Suppression of Crimes Committed with the Use of Information Technology
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Criminology and Penal Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), LL.D., Associate Professor, Kleschina Elena N.
Published: December 2020

Purpose. To study the role of victimological prevention in crime prevention using information technologies. Methodology: comparative legal, historical, statistical, logical methods. Conclusion. In assessing the importance of crime prevention measures using information technology, it is important to pay attention to measures of victimological prevention. Scientific and practical significance. The conclusions presented in the article are of practical importance when implemented in the activities of law enforcement agencies interested in the information security of organizations.
The Experience of the International Cooperation in Organized Crime Combating
Authors:   Head of the Department of Criminology and Penal Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), LL.D., Matskevich Igor M.
Published: December 2020

Purpose. Explore the experience of international cooperation against organized crime and identify key positions for improving Russia’s interaction with other countries in this area. Methodology: the basic method of the presented scientific research was the comparative legal method, within the framework of which a diachronic and synchronous, normative and functional comparison of the experience of cooperation in the fight against organized crime was carried out. Conclusions. 1. Without international cooperation, success in the fight against organized crime is impossible. 2. The legal basis for international cooperation in the fight against organized crime is the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime of November 15, 2000. 3. An important component of international cooperation in this area is the relevant international organizations: a) UN Office on Drugs and Crime; b) Interpol; c) Europol. 4. Proposals for international cooperation in combating organized crime, which are enshrined in the corresponding US Strategy, are of interest. 5. For Russian law enforcement agencies, the overall coordination of their efforts in international cooperation is of great importance. Scientific and practical significance. The conclusions contained in the article are of practical importance for analyzing the effectiveness of international cooperation in the fight against organized crime.
Innovation Alliances in The Context of Quadruple Helix Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
Authors:   “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Targu-Mures, Ciucan-Rusu Liviu , Timus Mihai ,   “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Targu-Mures
Published: December 2020

In nowadays economic environment the collaboration between actor of quadruple helix (academia, public authorities, businesses and support organizations) is crucial. First, because universities are sources of fresh ideas and competences which lead the innovation and second, businesses can offer the pragmatic approach of using these, while public polices struggle to ensure the sustainability of local economic development. We assume that needs of academia and businesses meets at some point. The challenge in this case is to identify these needs and put together the value which can bring each of the parts. Our study aims at identifying the needs of all stakeholders and promote collaboration between them in the context of University as an innovation hub. A survey was conducted during the first quarter of 2020 and data was collected from target group Centre Region of Romania. By the data collected we intend to ensure a better understanding of needs and develop roadmaps of building an entrepreneurial partnership. These actions will support the development process of the university as a local innovation hub. The main aims of the survey were followed: testing the topics of interest on which stakeholders can and intend to collaborate, what are the types of collaboration and if exist the understanding of advantages of collaboration between academia and local businesses and public institutions. The most popular topics of collaboration are: Business, ICT and Finance and Banking. The most popular types of collaborations are common projects for funding competitions followed by common research and development projects in mixed teams and common events, workshops and conferences.
Innovative Solutions for Local Public Administration in the Process of the Waste Collection
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, Munteanu Răzvan Aurelian
Published: December 2020

Sustainable development has always been one of the most important policies implemented by the European Union, mentioned in different treaties over time. In 2015, European Union is setting 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) with 169 targets within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Developement. European Union is preseting the SDG 11 Goal aim ”to renew and plan cities and other human settlements in a way that they offer opportunities for all, with access to servicies, energy, housing, transportation, green public spaces, while improving resource use and reducing environmental impacts”. The EU is monitoring the progress towards SDGs for all member states through different indicators, like the recycling rate of municipal waste for SDG 11. In 2018, Romania has the recyling rate of municipal waste of only 11,11%, far away from the average of EU of 47,4%. The local public administrations have an important role in increasing the recyling rate, by providing the best services for the citizens and, in the same time, by reducing the costs of these services. In this matter, the paper presents an innovative solution regarding the waste collection in the largest District from Bucharest, Romania. The underground waste collection platforms represent and alternative for the classic platforms and the innovation comes from the smart component that they integrate, represented by the filling sensors that communicate directly to the sanitation operator. The monitoring system has direct effect by incresing the efficiency of the waste collections process, as follows: reduces the waste collection cost by 50%; improves the services provided for the citizens; predicts waste generation patterns based on data; refines waste collection processes over time; optimizes routing and navigation etc.
Innovation Policy and Artificial Intelligence in the Business and Economic Transformation of the European Freight Transport Industry
Authors:   “Valahia” University of Târgoviste, Romania, Ion Amalia-Elena , Costovici Denisa-Atena ,   “Valahia” University of Târgoviste, Romania
Published: December 2020

A knowledge-intensive company is one that employs 20% of its workforce in research and development, having to manage the unique and intellectual property of the company. The latter is part of a growth-oriented business culture, basing its operations on innovation, a factor that permits a series of advantages, including tax reliefs. Moreover, the business would, especially in the actual economic conditions, has to make use of artificial intelligence, with the scope of analysing data, employing learning algorithms for efficiency and effectiveness of operations and strategy, and predicting patterns, correlations and, ultimately, developing models and policy functions. Although, there are some constraints in the world of knowledge-intensive services, especially that of the freight transport industry, as well as in the usage and implementation of AI, consisting of the lack or limited availability of data, infrastructure limitations, data retrieval capacity, computer machine learning software etc., the advantages of using AI in the problem-solving operations of knowledge enterprises determines a client-oriented approach, the strategic concentration on the problem-solving and innovation system creation, with the simple utilization of knowledge for the generation of tangible and intangible values. The research question of the present paper collides between those concepts, and develops on the proposition of a model for the intensive usage of AI in the knowledge-intensive freight transport industry and the related policy decision-making. The article includes a regression analysis on a World Bank database correlating the logistics performance, air freight transport, and railway freight transport to economic, business, social and technology-related variables. The findings are congruent with the basic need for implementation within the freight industry of updated policy, business transformation, knowledge-intensive services and AI algorithms.
Transfer of Marketing Knowledge in SMEs
Authors:   Valahia University, Târgoviste, Romania, Magdalena Ionuţ
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the differences in adolescentsʼ parentsʼ perception regarding the illegal drugs and drugs consumption among the adolescents. In order to carry out the research, a sociological questionnaire was developed, subsecvently to a qualitative information obtained by organizing 6 focus groups. The field survey was conducted in the municipality of Arad consisted of polling through the questionnaire technique a number of 204 families of students from 12 high schools. The results showed significant differences at thresholds of less than 0.05 between the group with high school and university degrees for variable knowledge and symptoms, between the parent group of Catholic religion and the other two groups (Orthodox and neo-Protestant) for knowledge and drug variables and also significant differences depending of the family structure. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between groups regarding the financial level of the families and the living environment. During the research there was also followed the perspective of the parents of adolescents on the most used drugs among the students: in their opinion, the most used drugs are marijuana and ethnobotanical, with 120, respectively 113 points, followed by ecstasy and cocaine, with 75, respectively 64 points, and on the last places on consumption are the other types of drugs tested, with scores below 35 points. The result of Chi-square test showed that the values of χ² are statistically significant for all drug categories, except for ethnobotanicals, in other words, the results can be generalized to the entire population.
Detainees’ Employment - Between a Business Opportunity and the Social Benefit of Reducing Recidivism
Authors:   Romanian Academy, Quality Of Life Research Institute, Bucharest, Romania, Dumitran Cristina
Published: December 2020

The paper addresses one of the causes of criminality in Romania: poverty as result of the lack of qualification and formal jobs, particularly in the case of those committing crimes against property. Although there are policies aimed to reduce the causes that generate crime and recidivism, their effectiveness has not been evaluated so far, the only indicator being the statistical one. Contrary to expectations, statistically, the recidivism rate in Romania is increasing. In this context, there is the opportunity to initiate partnerships between the business environment and the penitentiary system to increasing turnover. In addition, it can also address social issues such as qualification of detainees during detention, reducing anger and aggression by engaging in productive and structured activities, increasing the post-release chances of employment, education through and for work, increasing one's own income for prisons and reducing the risk of recidivism after release. The article presents the multidimensional opportunities of a public-private partnership, with an accent on the economic and social impact for the entrepreneur - penitentiary (as a state institution) - detainee - society.
Reform of Public Education System in Romania
Authors:   Valahia University from Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania, Bîtcă (Bunghez) Maricica-Dănuta , Dogaru Gicu-Valentin ,   Valahia University from Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania, Chitescu Razvan-Ion ,   National University of Political Studies and Public Administration, Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2020

From an epistemological perspective, the public education system is a specially developed concept to determine qualitative transformations, superior in the pedagogical reality delimited in a macro-structural context. It reflects a virtual pedagogical reality, important through its superior, formative, open, inexhaustible methodologically and praxeological potential. The main goal of the education system is to educate the further workforce, in this macro-context it is part of the global social system and should be in accordance to the transformation of the society. Education units are the base cells where the education, training programs are design, using the existing infrastructure and human resources, placing the educational process in time and space. In this research, we aim to analyze the mission, organizational and management structures of the public education service in Romania. Unpredictable, education plays an important role in any society that focuses on knowledge. Through it, the personality of the most important resource, the man, is modeled. That is why the education system has to build to provide knowledge and skills comparable with other European Union or worldwide education units.
Aproximación al delito entre los Incas
Authors: Pease Franklin
Published: December 2020

No contiene resumen
La Educación en el Derecho
Authors: Benavides Ganoza Alberto
Published: December 2020

No presenta resumen
La justicia constitucional
Authors: Quiroga León Anibal
Published: December 2020

No contiene resumen
Historia del Código de Comercio peruano
Authors: Torres Méndez Miguel
Published: December 2020

Cuando se tiene que investigar sobre la historia de esta área del Derecho peruano, el área del Derecho comercial referida a la codificación que la regula, nada resulta más incoherente y decepcionante. Estos dos calificativos, tan contundentes y lapidarios, serán ampliamente demostrados y justificados eneste trabajo.Para esto se debe señalar que el desarrollo de este trabajo va a estar dividido en dos partes. Una primera «parte expositiva>>, en la que se hará una mera exposición de los hechos, tal como acaecieron históricamente, y una segunda «parte denunciativa>>, en la que se emitirán juicios valorativos y análisis críticos sobre estos hechos que enmarcan la historia de la codificación mercantil peruana.
Effect of Sowing Dates and Botanical Seed Pelleting on Plant Growth, Bulb Yield and Quality of Onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Panwar Abhishek , Thakur Ashok K. , Sharma Pramod , Negi Shivangi , Nalwa Cherry , Bisht Anjay
Published: December 2020

Background: Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a major bulbous vegetable as well as condiment of family Alliaceae grown in India, originated in Iran and Pakistan. Seed pelleting is a mechanism of applying various materials to the seed that can enhance the seed quality with respect to physiological, physical and health attributes. Seed pelleting make it easy to handle small and irregular shaped seeds.Methods: The present investigation was conducted in the field of Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan during seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18. Result: This experiment comprised of pelleted seeds with different botanicals carried out to determine the effect of sowing dates and seed pelleting and their interactions on plant growth, yield and quality of bulb crop. All the factors in the experiment as well as their interactions showed significant influence on plant growth, yield and yield contributing characters in onion. The seeds pelleted with Azadirechta indica leaf powder + clay and Melia azedarach leaf powder + clay sown directly showed maximum values w.r.t. emergence (91.50 %), plant height at 60 days after sowing (35.35 cm), average leaf length (38.43cm), number of leaves per plant (8.67), number of days to harvesting (233.49), polar diameter (46.72 mm), equatorial diameter (57.77 mm), bulb size index (2699.74 ), neck thickness (12.12 mm), number of bulb per plot (89.00) average bulb weight (75.24 g), bulb yield (6.67 kg per plot or 400.01 q per ha), plant height before neck fall stage (58.55 cm). From the present studies, it can be concluded that onion seeds pelleted with Azadirechta indica leaf powder + clay and Melia azedarach leaf powder + clay showed significant effects for enhancing bulb quality, growth, quality and yield of bulb crop raised through direct seeding.
Diet therapy for irritable bowel syndrome: controversial and unresolved issues
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Sheptulin A.A. , Kardasheva S.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Kurbatova A.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ivashkin V.T. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

The review considers modern approaches to diet therapy of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Along with general recommendations on eating regimens most commonly used nowadays in treatment of IBS, attention is paid to the lactose-free diet, gluten-free diet and the low-FODMAP diet. As is pointed out, there are contradictions in the published data concerning the effectiveness of these diets. The authors come to the conclusion that many important aspects of diet therapy for IBS remain insufficiently studied and further research is needed. Key words: irritable bowel syndrome, lactose-free diet, gluten-free diet, low-FODMAP diet
Interrelation between the maternal emotional state during pregnancy and childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dubrovskaya M.I. , Griaznova E.I. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khavkin A.I. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

Objective. To study the interrelation between the emotional state of mothers during pregnancy and the severity of functional GIT disorders in their infants using an online questionnaire. Patients and methods. We analysed questionnaires of completed by 656 mothers who had children in their first 4 years of life. Mothers were asked to take part in an anonymous survey of the health of their children. The questionnaire consisted of 3 blocs and included general questions (maternal age at delivery, obstetric-gynaecological history, number of children in the family, children’s gender, the type of infant nutrition at the time of survey); a postpartum women attitude test (modified pregnant women attitude test); a parental questionnaire to determine infantile functional gastrointestinal disorders, based on criteria of the Rome IV questionnaire for parents. Results. According to the results of assessing the postpartum women attitude test, mothers were divided into 3 groups: 144 (22.0%) mothers were included in group I of psychological comfort, 248 (37.8%) mothers in a risk group II, 264 (40.2%) mothers in group III of potential nervous and psychiatric disorders. A tendency to a higher number of unwanted pregnancies and decisions not to breastfeed during the first 6 months of their baby’s life was found in mothers of group III. The frequency of regurgitation episodes during the first 6 months was 77%, at 6 to 12 months – 35%. Persistent regurgitation during the first 6 months in babies of mothers from group III were recorded more often as compared with infants from other groups. The frequency of colic during the first 6 months was 42.9%, from 6 to 12 months – 32%. Babies of mothers from group III suffered from short-time colic by 5 times more often than babies of mothers from group I. Conclusion. The most susceptible to the development of functional disorders of GIT were babies of mothers «with potential nervous and psychiatric disorders». In these mothers, rejection of pregnancy, negative attitude to breastfeeding and childcare can be noted more often. Joint activities of obstetrician-gynaecologists, psychiatrists, psychologists and paediatricians will permit to decrease the anxiety level, postpartum dissatisfaction, to enhance the overall preparedness for motherhood. Key words: children, functional gastrointestinal disorders, emotional state of mother, gestational dominant, mother–child dyad
University students’ level of knowledge of medical genetics and carrier planning
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Balashova M.S. , Subbotina T.I. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Filippova T.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Litvinova М.М. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Tuluzanovskaya I.G. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Yakushina I.I. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Savelyeva E.L. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Chebelyaev I.Yu. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Zhuchenko N.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Asanov А.Yu. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

The aim of the work was to study the opinions of students of the faculty of medicine, who take a course of lectures at the department of medical genetics of the Sechenov University, about their plans for post-graduate education, research activities and carrier, and also to assess their awareness of the role of medical genetics and modern genetic technologies in clinical practice. The methods of focus group interview and face-to-face interviewing were used for testing two groups of 4-year students (group 1 – those not attending the genetics student research club and group 2 – members of the student research club) of the faculty of medicine who attended lectures at the department of medical genetics of the Sechenov University. As has been shown, students who attend the medical genetics club demonstrate better knowledge of modern techniques in genetics. We can see a high interest of students in residency programmes and specialisation (43.3% of students of group 1 and 61.1% of group 2 are planning to apply for state-funded residency) and almost a complete absence of interest in the work of a general practitioner (3 and 0%, respectively). Key words: medical genetics, higher education, vocational guidance
Prevention and treatment of Acute Respiratory Viral Infections in patients with first-time tuberculosis
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Mordyk A.V. , Bagisheva N.V. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Trukhan D.I. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Moiseeva M.V. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Nesterova K.I. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Nebesnaya E.Yu. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Bakhshieva L.I. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Kazarikov N.I. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Kazarikova V.E. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Aroyan A.R. ,   Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary, Omsk, Russian Federation, Batishcheva T.L. ,   Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary, Omsk, Russian Federation, Antropova V.V. ,   Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary No 4, Omsk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

A tuberculosis patient with bacterial discharge requires a long-term inpatient treatment. During this time he/she may have several episodes of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI). It is of scientific and practical interest to develop approaches to the treatment and prevention of ARVI in patients with first-time tuberculosis (TB). Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of the recombinant interferon-based medication Grippferon® with loratadine (nasal ointment) for prevention and treatment of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in patients with first-time tuberculosis. Patients and methods: A comparative, prospective, open study was conducted which included two stages. During the first stage two groups of patients with the first-time tuberculosis were compared: 25 patients in each group. Main group patients received the medication Grippferon® with loratadine for the treatment of ARVI. The second stage included two groups of patients with first-time tuberculosis: 100 patients in each group. Main group patients received the medication Grippferon® with loratadine for the prevention of ARVI. Results and conclusion: Based on our study results, we can conclude that the use of the medication Grippferon® with loratadine in the complex treatment of ARVI improved the therapy efficacy, reduced the severity and duration of the respiratory disease symptoms, while maintaining normal quality of life. We observed that main group patients, who received Grippferon® with loratadine for the ARVI prevention (seven days course), were less likely to develop ARVI, than control group ones (12% vs. 35%; χ2 = 9.19, p = 0.002), and the disease itself was shorter and milder. Keywords: ARVI, treatment, prevention, Grippferon with loratadine, patients with first-time tuberculosis
Sexually transmitted infections and localized scleroderma of the anogenital area
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Snarskaya E.S. , Olisova O.Yu. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Semenchak Yu.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

Objective. To analyze the spectrum of sexually transmitted infections (Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae) in patients with different clinical variants of localized scleroderma (LS) and scleroatrophic lesions in the anogenital area. Patients and methods. We examined 104 patients diagnosed with LS (including guttate morphea, linear scleroderma, scleroatrophic lichen, and atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini) in V.A.Rakhmanov Clinic of Skin and Venereal Diseases. After clinical and morphological phenotyping, we selected 62 patients (17.7% of males and 82.3% of females) with scleroatrophic lesions in the anogenital area. All patients were tested for sexually transmitted infections, including Human papillomavirus (HPV) (high-risk types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68) and herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV1/2) using polymerase chain reaction. Results. We found that 71% of patients with scleroatrophic lesions in the anogenital area had chronic infections, including those caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (29.5%), Trichomonas vaginalis (15.9%), Mycoplasma genitalium (13.6%), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (2.3%). In 38.6% of cases, the development of scleroatrophic lesions was associated with bacterial vaginosis. One-third of patients (33.8%) were found to have high-risk HPV strains (type 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68) and HSV 1/2. Conclusion. In our opinion, anogenital location of LS can be a marker of chronic infections of the genitourinary system; such patients should be tested for sexually transmitted infections. Keywords: localized scleroderma; scleroatrophic lichen; anogenital location; vulvar lichen; penile lichen; sexually transmitted infections; bacterial vaginosis; herpes simplex virus; human papillomavirus
3D Numerical Simulation-Based Targeting of Skarn Type Mineralization within the Xuancheng-Magushan Orefield, Middle-Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt, China
Authors: Hu Xunyu , Li Xiaohui , Yuan Feng , Jowitt Simon M. , Ord Alison , Ye Rui , Li Yue , Dai Wenqiang , Li Xiangling
Published: December 2020

Recent exploration has identified a series of Cu-Mo skarn deposits within the Xuancheng-Magushan orefield. The orefield forms part of the Nanling-Xuancheng mining district, which is located within the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt (MLYRMB) of central-eastern China. However, this area contains thick and widespread unprospective sedimentary cover sequences that have impeded traditional approaches to mineral exploration. This study presents the results of 3D numerical simulation modeling that identifies possible mineral exploration targets within the entire Xuancheng-Magushan orefield. This modeling enables the identification of unexplored areas with significant exploration potential that are covered by thick sedimentary sequences that cannot be easily explored using traditional exploration approaches. This study outlines the practical value of 3D numerical simulation-based targeting in areas with thick sedimentary cover sequences and uses the Flac3D software package to couple processes involved in ore formation such as stress, pressure, and heat transfer. Here, we use volumetric strain increments calculated during numerical modeling as the thermodynamic representation of the generation of space during prograde skarn formation, with this space filed by sulfides either penecontemporaneously or soon after magmatism. This process occurred during retrograde hydrothermal ore formation and the genesis of the skarn-type mineralization in this area. The results of the volumetric strain increment calculated during this numerical modeling study matches the distribution of known mineralization as well as delineating eight potential targets that have not yet been explored but represent areas of significant exploration potential within the Xuancheng-Magushan orefield, indicating these targets should be considered prospective for future mineral exploration. One of these targets was also identified during our previous Comsol-based numerical modeling of the formation of the Magushan Cu-Mo skarn deposit. The fact that this area has been identified as prospective using two different numerical modeling methods indicates that this area should be prioritized for future exploration and also validates the numerical modeling approaches used here and in our previous research that more specifically focused on the Magushan skarn deposit. Overall, our study indicates that prospectivity modeling using 3D numerical simulation-based approaches can be both effective and economical and should be considered an additional tool for future mineral exploration to reduce exploration risks when targeting mineralization in areas with thick and unprospective sedimentary cover sequences.
Cordilleran Subduction Initiation: Retroarc Timing and Basinal Response in the Inyo Mountains, Eastern California
Authors: Lodes Emma , Riggs Nancy R. , Smith Michael E. , Stone Paul
Published: December 2020

Subduction zones drive plate tectonics on Earth, yet subduction initiation and the related upper plate depositional and structural kinematics remain poorly understood because upper plate records are rare and often strongly overprinted by magmatism and deformation. During the late Paleozoic time, Laurentia’s western margin was truncated by a sinistral strike-slip fault that transformed into a subduction zone. Thick Permian strata in the Inyo Mountains of central-eastern California record this transition. Two basins that were separated by a transpressional antiform contain sedimentary lithofacies that record distinct patterns of shoaling and deepening conditions before and during tectonism associated with subduction initiation. Sandstone petrography and lithofacies analysis show that rocks in a southeastern basin are dominated by carbonate grains derived from adjacent carbonate shelves, whereas sandstones in a northwestern basin are predominantly quartzose with likely derivation from distant ergs or underlying strata. Detrital zircon spectra from all but the youngest strata in both basins are typical of Laurentian continent spectra with prominent peaks that indicate ultimate sources in Appalachia, Grenville, Yavapai/Mazatzal, and the Wyoming or Superior cratons. The first Cordilleran arc-derived detrital zircon grains appear in the uppermost strata of the northwestern basin and record Late Permian (ca. 260 Ma) Cordilleran arc magmatism at this approximate latitude, and a possible source area is suggested by geochemical similarities between these detrital zircons and broadly coeval magmatic zircons in the El Paso Mountains to the southwest. Deformation responsible for basin partitioning is consistent with sinistrally oblique contraction in the earliest Permian time. The data presented from the Inyo Mountains shed more light on the nature of Cordilleran subduction initiation and the upper-crustal response to this transition.
Minimum Acceptable Diet Practice and its Associated Factors among Children’s Aged 6–23 Months in Rural Communities of Goncha District, North West Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Birie  , Kassa  , Kebede Mrs
Published: December 2020

Introduction: After the first 6 months breast milk is no longer sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of the infant. Therefore, complementary foods should be added to the child’s diet. Feeding children’s with diversified diet is practiced improperly in developing countries including Ethiopia particularly in the rural community. Interventions are intended to undertake the nutrition problems in children in the country. However, the progress was not satisfactory, particularly; minimum acceptable diet has increased from 3% to 7% in a decade (2005-2016). Objective: To determine the proportion of minimum acceptable diet practice and its associated factors among children’s aged 6-23 months in rural communities of Goncha district, 2020Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study was employed at rural communities of Goncha district from June 15 to July 15 2020. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select study subjects, and interview administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered by Epi Data version 4.0.2 and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between minimum acceptable diet and independent variable. Then, P-value <0.05 with 95% CI on multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify the independent predictor of outcome variable Result: A total of 430 mothers who have children aged 6-23 months were included in the analysis with 98% of response rate. About 12.6% of children’s aged 6-23 months received the recommended minimum acceptable diet. Children whose mothers who had formal education [AOR= 2.7, 95%CI (1.133, 6.231)], institutional delivery [AOR= 4.5, 95%CI (1.986, 10.362)], media exposure [AOR=2.6, 95%CI (1.303, 5.291)] and higher household wealth index [AOR= 2.5, 95%CI (1.139, 5.90)] were significantly associated with minimum acceptable diet.Conclusion: The practice of minimum acceptable diet in the study area was inadequate and very low according to notional and world health organization’s recommendation. So, strengthening institutional delivery, improving the wealth of the community and exposure to media, and finally empowering women’s for education are recommended.
Research on Key Technologies of High-precision Location Based Service System for Intelligent Mines
Authors: Bao Jianjun , Haibo WANG
Published: December 2020

Aiming at the common application requirements of intelligent mine construction for high-precision location based service, this paper analyses the present status and development of mine positioning technology, explains the technical bottlenecks and construction goals in the existing system, discusses in detail the key technologies such as location based service system architecture, multi-source fusion positioning method, distributed service oriented system, high-precision map and 4D visualization, and finally puts forward the technical standard requirements of location based service and related mine application system research directions.
Water Sorption on Coal: Effects of Oxygen Containing Function Groups and Pore Structure 
Authors: Liu Ang , Liu Shimin , Liu Peng , Wang Kai
Published: December 2020

Coal-water interactions has profound influences on gas extraction from coal and coal utilization. Experimental measurements on three coals using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and dynamic water vapor sorption (DVS) were conducted. A mechanism-based isotherm model was proposed to estimate the water vapor uptake at various relative humidities, which was well validated with the DVS results. The validated isotherm model of sorption is further used to derive the isosteric heat of water vapor sorption. The pore specific surface area of coal is not the determining parameter that controls water vapor sorption at least during the primary adsorption stage. Oxygen containing degree dominates the primary adsorption, and togethering with the cumulative pore volume determine the secondary adsorption. Higher temperature has limited effects on primary adsorption process. The isosteric heat of water adsorption decreases as water vapor uptake increases, which was found to be close to the latent heat of bulk water condensation at higher relative humidity. The results confirmed that the primary adsorption is controlled by the stronger bonding energy while the interaction energy between water molecules during secondary adsorption stage is relatively weak. However, the thermodynamics of coal-water interactions are complicated since internal bonding interactions within the coal are disrupted at the same time as new bonding interactions take place with the water molecules. Coal has a shrinkage/swelling colloidal structure with moisture loss/gain and it exhibits collapse behavior with some collapses irreversible as a function of relative humidity, which plays a significant role in determining moisture retention.
Holobiont Nitrogen Control and its Potential for Eutrophication Resistance in an Obligate Photosymbiotic Jellyfish
Authors: Röthig Till , Puntin Giulia , Wong Jane CY , Burian Alfred , McLeod Wendy , Baker David M
Published: December 2020

Background: Marine holobionts depend on microbial partners for health and nutrient cycling. This is particularly evident amongst cnidarian-Symbiodiniaceae symbioses, where nutrient acquisition is facilitated. However, the symbiosis is sensitive to environmental change - including eutrophication – that cause dysbiosis and host mortality, which contributes to global coral reef decline. Yet, some holobionts exhibit resistance to dysbiosis in eutrophic environments, including the obligate photosymbiotic scyphomedusa Cassiopea xamachana. Methods: Our aim was to assess the mechanisms in C. xamachana that stabilize symbiotic relationships. We combined labelled bicarbonate (13C) and nitrate (15N) and metabarcoding approaches to evaluate nutrient cycling and microbial community composition in symbiotic and aposymbiotic medusae.Results: We found C-cycling within the C. xamachana holobiont to be essential as aposymbiotic medusae continuously lost weight even at high heterotrophic feeding rates. Heterotrophically acquired C and N were readily shared among host and algae. This was in sharp contrast to nitrate assimilation, which was strongly restricted from Symbiodiniaceae. Instead, the bacterial microbiome seemed to play a major role in the holobiont’s DIN assimilation as uptake rates showed a significant positive relationship with phylogenetic diversity of medusa-associated bacteria. This is corroborated by inferred functional capacity that links the dominant bacterial taxa (~90 %) to nitrogen cycling and particularly denitrification. Observed bacterial community structure differed between apo- and symbiotic C. xamachana putatively highlighting enrichment of ammonium oxidizers and denitrifiers and depletion of nitrogen-fixators in symbiotic medusae. Conclusion: Host, algal symbionts, and bacterial associates contribute to regulated nutrient assimilation and cycling in C. xamachana. We found that the bacterial microbiome of symbiotic medusae was seemingly structured to increase DIN removal and enforce algal N-limitation - a mechanism that would help to stabilize algae-host relationship even under eutrophic conditions.