bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The fire risk of portable batteries in their end-of-life: Investigation of the state of charge of waste lithium-ion batteries in Austria
Authors: Nigl Thomas , Bäck Tanja , Stuhlpfarrer Stefan , Pomberger Roland
Published: April 2021

The increased utilisation of lithium-ion batteries in the last years does not come without cost. Due to thermal runaway and exothermic degradation reactions, portable batteries pose enormous risks to waste management systems and infrastructure in their end-of-life phase. All over Europe, the number of waste fires caused by lithium-ion batteries are rising. The risk of a battery fire is mainly influenced by the probability and severity of a thermal runaway or exothermic degradation, which depends on the current state of charge (SOC) of the respective battery. In order to determine the distribution of the SOC which is one of the main influence factors to waste fires caused by lithium-ion batteries, 980 waste battery cells were representatively sampled, manually dismantled and analysed using a prototypic laboratory test stand. Approximately 24% of the analysed cells and batteries had a residual SOC of at least 25%, and approximately 12% had a residual SOC of at least 50%. Hence, approximately every fourth to eighth portable battery threatens to cause a waste fire when critically damaged. Furthermore, a distinct relationship between the actual cell voltage and the residual SOC was found for end-of-life portable batteries.
Introduction: Archiving Qualitative Data in Practice: Ethical Feedback
Authors: Diaz Pablo
Published: April 2021

Over the past twenty years the normative framework that underpins social science research has undergone major shifts. Among the most salient changes is the growing incentive to archive, share and reuse research data. Today, many governments, funding agencies, research infrastructures and editors are pushing what is commonly known as Open Research Data (ORD). By reflecting on concrete experiences of data sharing, the different contributions to this issue point to the ethical challenges posed by this new trend. Through a fine objectivation of the archiving work, they call to take distance from the bureaucratic framework imposed by the new ethics and ORD policies and to think of data sharing as a situated, contextual and dynamic process. The cost of the exercise as well as the sensitivity of certain data and subjects suggest opting for flexible approaches that leave a certain autonomy and freedom of appraisal to researchers.
Acquisition of Developmental Milestones in Hypomyelination With Atrophy of the Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum and Other TUBB4A-Related Leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Gavazzi Francesco , Charsar Brittany A. , Williams Catherine , Shults Justine , Alves Cesar A. , Adang Laura , Vanderver Adeline
Published: April 2021

Mutations in TUBB4A are associated with a spectrum of neurologic disorders categorized as TUBB4A-related leukoencephalopathy. Affected children can present with global developmental delay or normal early development, followed by a variable loss of skills over time. Further research is needed to characterize the factors associated with the divergent developmental trajectories in this rare monogenic disorder because this phenotypic spectrum is not fully explained by genotype alone.

To characterize early psychomotor features, developmental milestones and age of disease onset were collected from medical records (n=54 individuals). Three subcohorts were identified: individuals with the common p.Asp249Asn variant vs all other genotypes with either early (<12 months of age) or late onset of presentation. Individuals with the p.Asp249Asn variant or those with non-p.Asp249Asn genotypes with later disease onset attained key milestones, including head control, sitting, and independent walking. Subjects with early-onset, non-p.Asp249Asn–associated disease were less likely to achieve developmental milestones. Next, we defined the developmental severity as the percentage of milestones attained by age 2 years. The mild form was defined as attaining at least 75% of key developmental milestones. Among cohort categorized as mild, individuals with p.Asp249Asn variant were more likely to lose acquired abilities when compared with non-p.Asp249Asn individuals.

Our results suggest multiple influences on developmental trajectory, including a strong contribution from genotype and age of onset. Further studies are needed to identify additional factors that influence overall outcomes to better counsel families and to design clinical trials with appropriate clinical endpoints.
A nano chitosan membrane barrier prepared via Nanospider technology with non-toxic solvent for peritoneal adhesions’ prevention
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Xu Zhuoyue , Wen Xuejun , Wei Changzheng
Published: April 2021

Peritoneal adhesion is one of the most common postsurgical complications and can cause bowel obstruction, pelvic pain, and infertility. Setting up a physical barrier directly between the injured site and surrounding tissues is an effective solution for preventing this adverse situation. This study investigated a chitosan electrospun membrane (CSEM) as a potent anti-adhesion barrier, which was prepared by a needleless technology called Nanospider. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that CSEM is a laminated nanofiber with good mechanical properties. The fiber is uniform with the diameter distributing in the range of 100–120 nm. The tensile strength can reach 27.45 ± 6.30 MPa with a maximum elongation at break of 18.50 ± 1.44%, which makes it stick easily to damaged parts but not to be easily damaged by tissue friction. The growth of S. aureus on CSEM was 59.18% lower than the control at 10 h, which indicates its better antibacterial property. In addition, CSEM has good coagulant and biocompatibility characteristics. It can perform hemostatic function within 10 min and the L929 mouse fibroblast viability on it was 92.18% ± 1.08% on the seventh day. In vivo experiments indicated that CSEM significantly prevented peritoneal adhesions within four weeks after surgery with wound surface coverage. These results indicate that CSEM is a promising anti-adhesion barrier material.
Marangoni convection in the transient flow of hybrid nanoliquid thin film over a radially stretching disk
Authors: Tripathi R
Published: April 2021

Within a magnetohydrodynamic environment, Marangoni convection (Thermocapilarity effect) in an unsteady thin film of hybrid nanoliquid flow over a disk has been discussed. A set of simplified Navier-Stokes equation using boundary layer theory is written in order to model the above mentioned flow situation. The dissipative effects caused by viscosity and magnetic field have been incorporated in temperature-balance equation. A suitable choice of transform variables facilitate a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) from original partial differential equations (PDEs) representing the flow phenomena. This system of ODEs are solved by shooting technique in conjunction with Runge-Kutta 4th order numerical scheme. This study reveals that by increasing the surface tension along the liquid-air interface, the velocity of hybrid nanoliquid can be increased. In the context of this research work, the hybrid nanoliquid prepared by dispersing blade shaped [Formula: see text] and Cu nanoparticles, is an ideal liquid as far as liquid coolants are concerned.
Administering the Union citizen in need: Between welfare state bureaucracy and migration control
Authors: Kramer Dion , Heindlmaier Anita
Published: April 2021

How to determine whether mobile Union citizens have a right to social assistance? Research has shown how Western European Member States have made efforts to restrict Union citizens’ access to their welfare systems over the past decade, whereby lawful residence has increasingly become the linchpin for entitlement. Member States have responded strikingly differently, however, to the complex administrative puzzle of dealing with open borders, the ability to verify lawful residence and the right to social assistance over time. This article makes an analytical and empirical contribution to existing literature by asking how Member States adjust their welfare/migration administrations to fit the Union’s free movement regime and what implications this has for Union citizens. Based upon comparative case studies into the administration of social assistance rights in Germany, Austria and the Netherlands, the article develops a typology of three different models of administering Union citizens’ access to the welfare state: the form, signal and delegation models. Demonstrating how bureaucratic design impacts the stratification of social rights in the Member States in different ways, the article concludes that studying alternative administrative models offers important insights into the functioning of territorial welfare states in open border regimes.
Open access journal publishing in the business disciplines: A closer look at the low uptake and discipline-specific considerations
Authors: Laakso Mikael , Björk Bo-Christer
Published: April 2021

The Internet has enabled efficient electronic publishing of scholarly journals and Open Access business models. Recent studies have shown that adoption of Open Access journals has been uneven across scholarly disciplines, where the business and economics disciplines in particular seem to lag behind all other fields of research. Through bibliometric analysis of journals indexed in Scopus, we find the share of articles in Open Access journals in business, management, and accounting to be only 6%. We further studied the Open Access availability of articles published during 2014–2019 in journals included in the Financial Times 50 journal list (19,969 articles in total). None of the journals are full Open Access, but 8% of the articles are individually open and for a further 35% earlier manuscript versions are available openly on the web. The results suggest that the low adoption rate of Open Access journals in the business fields is a side-effect of evaluation practices emphasizing publishing in journals included, in particular, ranking lists, creating disincentives for business model innovation, and barriers for new entrants among journals. Currently, most business school research has to be made Open Access through other ways than through full Open Access journals, and libraries play an important role in facilitating this in a sustainable way.
Behaviour of PLA/POSS nanocomposites: Effects of filler content, functional group and copolymer compatibilization
Authors: Zeybek Yelda Meyva , Kaynak Cevdet
Published: April 2021

The main purpose of this study was to investigate influences of three parameters on the mechanical and thermal properties of the polylactide (PLA) matrix nanocomposites filled with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) particles. For the first parameter of “Filler Content”, nanocomposites with 1, 3, 5, 7 wt% basic POSS structure were compared. For the second parameter of “Functional Group,” basic POSS structure having only nonpolar isobutyl groups were compared with three other functionalized POSS structures; i.e. aminopropylisobutyl-POSS (ap-POSS), propanediolisobutyl-POSS (pd-POSS) and octasilane-POSS (os-POSS). Finally, for the third parameter of “Copolymer Compatibilization,” all specimens were compared before and after their maleic anhydride (MA) grafted copolymer compatibilization. Specimens were produced with twin-screw extruder melt mixing and shaped under compression molding. Various tests and analyses indicated that the optimum filler content for the improved mechanical properties was 1 wt%; while the optimum structure for strength and modulus was pd-POSS structure, in terms of fracture toughness it was basic POSS structure. Additional use of MA compatibilization was especially effective for the basic POSS and os-POSS particles.
Retention Approaches of Millennial at Private Sector: Mediating Role of Job Embeddedness
Authors: Hassan Md Mahamudul , Jambulingam Manimekalai , Narayan Elangkovan A/L , Islam Sabrina Nushrat , Uz Zaman Awal
Published: April 2021

Frequent turnover of employees began from the last century, increased further with the inception of turnover-prone millennial employees and is likely to continue in the future. This study used expectation–confirmation theory and Herzberg’s two-factor theory as the underpinning theory. Its calibrated factors such as transformational leadership, stress reduction, and compensation and rewards that affect employee retention mediating through job embeddedness. A simple random sampling technique was utilized while selecting the respondents from millennial employees in private sectors. For developing the model, Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) was applied for path modelling, measurement models as well as for bootstrapping while testing the hypotheses. The study found that all these factors have got a significant positive relationship as predicted. This study has got numerous contributions, which are beneficial for all stakeholders of private industries. Although the enormous studies have been carried out in the Western context, the problem of frequent millennial turnover remains unresolved both in the West and in non-Western context. Practically, the study will be helpful for all against the frequent turnover and its losses. The paucity of studies on transformational leadership, stress reduction, compensation and rewards, and the retention of millennial employees in a developing country’s context made this research more significant and relevant. The mediating role of job embeddedness was also found to be significant in this relationship. Finally, the study was found to have implications for all stakeholders and future researchers.
Comparison of Outcomes of Enoxaparin Bridge Therapy in HeartMate II versus HeartWare HVAD Recipients
Authors: Patel Mitulkumar , Ahuja Tania , Arnouk Serena , Gidea Claudia , Reyentovich Alex , Smith Deane E. , Moazami Nader , Papadopoulos John , Lewis Tyler C.
Published: April 2021

Background:

There is a lack of robust data evaluating outcomes of enoxaparin “bridge” therapy in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) patients.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective study of HeartMate II (HM II) and HeartWare HVAD recipients that received therapeutic enoxaparin as “bridge” therapy to describe bleeding and thrombotic events and compare outcomes between devices. The primary endpoint was the incidence of bleeding within 30 days of “bridge” episode. Major bleeding was defined by INTERMACS criteria.

Results:

We evaluated 257 “bridge” episodes in 54 patients, 35 with a HM II device and 19 with an HVAD device that underwent 176 and 81 bridging episodes, respectively. The median INR prior to “bridge” was lower in the HM II group compared to the HVAD group (1.5 vs 1.7, P < .01), however, there was no difference in the median duration of “bridge” therapy (7 vs 7 days, P = .42). There were a total of 30 (12%) bleeding episodes, with the majority in the HM II group vs HVAD (26 [15%] vs 4 [5%], P = .02). We observed 3 (1%) thromboembolic events in 2 (4%) patients with an HVAD device. On multivariate analysis, the presence of a HM II device was associated with a 4-fold increased risk of bleeding.

Conclusion:

We found the use of enoxaparin “bridge” therapy to be associated with a higher incidence of bleeding in patients with a HM II device compared with an HVAD device. Assessment of device- and patient-specific factors should be evaluated to minimize bleeding events.
Combination of hyperbaric oxygen and core decompression therapies improve outcomes in the treatment of hip osteonecrosis
Authors: Bozkurt Ibrahim , Yalcin Nadir , Uluyardimci Enes , Akgul Esra Artvinli
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

To investigate whether combined treatment of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and core decompression (CD) result with better outcomes and have an additional influence on health quality scores when compared with HBO alone.

Methods:

63 consecutive patients’ 80 hips (43 male, 20 female, 17 bilateral), diagnosed with Stage II Osteonecrosis of the femoral head were included in our study. The mean age at presentation in the HBO and CD + HBO groups were 39.9 years and 39.2 years, respectively. The mean follow-up was 39.8 months (24–56 months) for HBO group and 43.1 months (24–58 months) for the CD + HBO group. Standard radiographs and MRI were performed initially and during controls. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Harris Hip Score (HHS), the visual analogue score (VAS) and SF-36 life quality score.

Results:

52 hips (65%) were Ficat Stage IIa and 28 hips (35%) were IIb. Totally, 46 hips (30 hips IIa, 16 hips IIb) were in HBO alone group and 34 hips (22 hips IIa, 12 hips IIb) were in CD + HBO group. Both VAS and HHSs were improved in each group after treatment ( p < 0.001). When both groups were compared, this improvement was more distinct and evident in CD + HBO combination group than HBO alone group ( p < 0.001). The physical function and pain components of SF-36 survey were found to be different in between two groups ( p < 0.005).

Discussion:

HBO treatment decreases pain, increases functional scores for Ficat Stage II patients. Addition of HBO treatment to decompression of the femoral head improves the results better than HBO alone. In particular, reduction of pain is more prevalent for Stage IIa patients than IIb with combination of HBO and CD therapies.
The tourism – Foreign direct investment nexus: Empirical evidence from Zimbabwe (2009–2015)
Authors: Matiza Tafadzwa , Perks Sandra
Published: April 2021

The extent of research into the determinants of foreign direct inflows to particular locations is expansive and diverse; however, little is known of the influence of country images as non-financial determinants on the inflow of foreign capital. In contributing to this body of knowledge, this article aims to explore the influence of tourism as a non-financial nation image determinant of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Zimbabwe. The relationship between tourism and the four distinct forms of FDI opportunities in Zimbabwe, market-, resource-, efficiency- and strategic-asset seeking is examined. Empirical data were generated from a final purposively sampled survey population of 305 foreign investors who had applied to invest in Zimbabwe between January 2009 and April 2015. Multiple statistical techniques were employed including exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression using STATISTICA 12 software. As it emerged, eight variables were identified as constituting Zimbabwe’s tourism nation brand image. Empirically, the results of this article affirm the influence of tourism as a non-financial determinant of market-, efficiency- and strategic asset-seeking FDI opportunities in Zimbabwe.
Under a growth-centered accountability system: A job demand and resource perspective for physical educators
Authors: Zhang Tan
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to reveal the work life of physical educators who were experiencing a teacher accountability system in the US. A combination of stratified and purposeful sampling procedures was adopted to select a sample of schools that served communities with various socioeconomic backgrounds. The schools were recently incorporated in a state teacher accountability system that used student learning growth for teacher evaluation. A group of 51 certified physical educators was selected from the sampled schools. Data were collected from three sources: an online survey, in-school observations, and semi-structured interviews. The survey and observations cross-validated data related to job description, workload, general working environment, and demographic information. The interviews detailed the teachers’ accounts about their work life, perceptions of the job demands, and resources under the teacher accountability system. Inductive analysis revealed that the lack of critical job resources, especially curricular supports, equipment, and professional development, limited the teachers from promoting student learning that the teacher accountability system required. Teachers were subjected to immense job demands, specifically a large body of content knowledge to teach with shrinking instruction time and ambiguous role. They also felt pressured to incorporate reading, writing, and mathematics in physical education lessons with little or no curricular support. For teachers to teach physical education successfully in this accountability context, systemic changes are needed to provide teachers with adequate professional development and curricular resources to promote learning in physical education.
Categories of context in realist evaluation
Authors: Sheaff Rod , Doran Natasha , Harris Michael , Lang Iain , Medina-Lara Antionieta , Fornasiero Mauro , Ball Susan , McGregor-Harper Judith , Bethune Rob
Published: April 2021

Realist evaluation has become widespread partly because of its sensitivity to the influence of contexts on policy implementation. In many such evaluations, the range of contexts considered relevant nevertheless remains disparate and under-conceptualised. This article uses findings from a realist evaluation of English Patient Safety Collaboratives during 2015–2018 to develop a realist taxonomy of contexts, differentiating contexts according to how they affect the corresponding policy mechanism. By analysing the main context-mechanism-outcome configurations that made up the English Patient Safety Collaboratives, we derive a taxonomy of the contexts that affected implementation and outcomes. The categories of context were structural (network, hierarchy, market and organisational contexts); resource-based (actors, material, financial); motivational (receptivity, outcome headroom), and temporal (continuity, history and convergence). To the categories found in previous studies, this study adds the three temporal contexts.
Angiopoietin-2 correlates with pulmonary embolism severity, right ventricular dysfunction, and intensive care unit admission
Authors: Newman Joshua , Brailovsky Yevgeniy , Allen Sorcha , Bontekoe Emily , Masic Dalila , Walenga Jeanine , Fareed Jawed , Darki Amir
Published: April 2021

Risk stratification of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is important to identify patients at risk for hemodynamic collapse who would benefit from more aggressive therapies. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is a signaling molecule involved in angiogenesis and is upregulated in response to tissue hypoxia. We aimed to assess the association of Ang-2 with (1) PE severity, (2) echocardiographic and invasive hemodynamic markers of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, and (3) need for intensive treatment. Patients presenting to our institution with acute PE were included in a prospective database and blood samples were collected and stored for later analysis. A total of 65 patients were included in the study. Ang-2 correlated with PE risk stratification and echocardiographic and invasive hemodynamic markers of RV dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. An Ang-2 level of > 4101 pg/mL had an odds ratio of 7.4 (95% CI: 1.53–12.5, p < 0.01) for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. In conclusion, Ang-2 correlates with PE severity, RV dysfunction, and need for ICU admission. Ang-2 holds promise as a novel marker that can aid in risk stratification for this patient population.
Arterial aneurysm and dissection with systemic vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors: A review of cases reported to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System and published in the literature
Authors: Cheng Connie , Nguyen Michelle Nadeau , Nayernama Afrouz , Jones S Christopher , Brave Michael , Agrawal Sundeep , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh , Woronow Daniel
Published: April 2021

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved multiple systemic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors since 2004 to treat various malignancies. Inhibition of the VEGF signaling pathway can result in impairment of vascular wall integrity through medial degeneration and endothelial dysfunction, potentially resulting in arterial (including aortic) aneurysm/dissection. We performed a postmarketing review to evaluate arterial aneurysm/dissection as a potential safety risk for patients with cancer treated with VEGF inhibitors. We searched the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database and literature for reports of arterial (including aortic) aneurysm/dissection with VEGF inhibitors currently approved by the FDA for a cancer indication. We identified 240 cases of arterial aneurysm/dissection associated with VEGF inhibitors. The median time to onset of an arterial aneurysm/dissection event from the initiation of a VEGF inhibitor was 94 days (range 1–1955 days). Notably, 22% (53/240) of cases reported fatal outcomes related to arterial aneurysm/dissection. We determined the drug–event association as probable in 15 cases that lacked relevant confounding factors for arterial aneurysm/dissection, which is supported by unremarkable computed tomography (CT) findings prior to starting VEGF inhibitor therapy, despite nondrug-associated background arterial aneurysm/dissection generally demonstrating preexisting arterial abnormalities. FAERS and literature case-level evidence suggests that VEGF inhibitors may have contributed to arterial aneurysm/dissection, as a class effect, based on short onset relative to natural history of disease and biologic plausibility. Cardiovascular and oncology healthcare professionals should be aware of this rare, but life-threatening safety risk associated with VEGF inhibitors.
Gender/sex diversity beliefs: Scale construction, validation, and links to prejudice
Authors: Schudson Zach C. , van Anders Sari M.
Published: April 2021

Prejudice against or affirmation of gender/sex minorities is often framed in terms of beliefs about the ontology of gender/sex (i.e., what gender/sex is), or gender/sex diversity beliefs. We constructed the Gender/Sex Diversity Beliefs Scale (GSDB) to assess ontological beliefs about the nature of gender/sex, including essentialist and social constructionist beliefs, and validated the GSDB across a series of studies. In Study 1 ( N = 304), we explored the factor structure of the GSDB and found evidence of associations with prejudice against transgender and/or nonbinary people. In Study 2 ( N = 300), we assessed the stability of the factor structure of the GSDB and examined its criterion-related validity, including its relationship to feelings toward multiple gender/sex groups. In Studies 3a ( N = 48) and 3b ( N = 500), we established test–retest reliability. We conclude that gender/sex diversity beliefs are important for understanding contemporary attitudes about gender/sex, including prejudice against gender/sex minorities, and that the GSDB is a reliable and valid way to measure them.
Effect of metal and polymer mating gears on the bending fatigue performance of asymmetric polymer gears
Authors: Pandian A Karthik , Gautam Sachin Singh , Senthilvelan S
Published: April 2021

The material of the mating gear influences the fatigue life of polymer gears. The bending fatigue characteristics of polyamide 66 asymmetric gears (34°/20° and 20°/34°) corresponding to steel–polymer and polymer–polymer material combinations were investigated. The performance of symmetric gear pairs (20°/20°) was determined to serve as a comparison. Quasi-static numerical simulations were performed in a finite element analysis tool to predict root bending stress, load sharing ratio, and tooth deflection. The bending fatigue strength of steel–polymer and polymer–polymer pairs of each test configuration was determined using bending fatigue tests. The load sharing ratio and root bending stress of polymer–polymer pairs decreased substantially compared to steel–polymer pairs. The extent of deflection-induced load sharing was greater in polymer–polymer pairs. The bending fatigue life of polymer–polymer pairs was lower than that of steel–polymer pairs owing to the higher operating temperature. In polymer–polymer pairs, polymer driving and driven gears increased the heat generated and diminished the heat dissipation to the environment. In steel–polymer and polymer–polymer pairs, the configuration with the highest bending fatigue strength was 34°/20° and 20°/34°, respectively. This divergence was caused by the increase in temperature difference between the two configurations for polymer–polymer pairs. Analysis of hysteresis loops indicated that the loop area was higher for polymer–polymer pairs, signifying the increased amount of dissipated energy. No noticeable variation was observed between the failure modes of steel–polymer and polymer–polymer pairs despite the significant difference in the operating temperatures. The bending stress and operating temperature were the dominant factors affecting the performance of steel–polymer and polymer–polymer gear pairs, respectively.
On the haunted ‘public’ in public education in Poland
Authors: Mendel Maria
Published: April 2021

I investigate what is ‘public’ in public education, mostly in Poland, discovering in its sense something elusive, difficult to capture in the traditional way, that nevertheless has a noticeable impact – the specters. The text is framed by Derrida’s hauntology. Whereas traditional ontology provides taxonomies of things that exist, hauntology references those things that do not exist, but which nonetheless exert an influence. Thus my ‘conducting’ hauntology means attending to the non-existent/unacknowledged phenomena upon which our positive categories rely for their existence. I show first how the ghost of the public haunts the present situation in Poland and causes a strange return of elitism thanks to (or in spite of) a discourse of egalitarianism and democracy. Then I link it to a discussion about the kind of global society we live in today (‘the post-social’), and how our collective lives (the bubbles in which we are trapped) are haunted by a misunderstood idea of humanity (which we refuse to face). The ever-recurring ghost of humanism, in relation to the public in public education, requires a new perspective. The idea of cosmopolitan learning, which is associated with the ethical postulates of posthumanism, seems to be promising in this context.
Fostering Diversity of Membership and Leadership in Psychology Teaching and Learning Organizations
Authors: Haynes-Mendez Kelley , Nolan Susan A.
Published: April 2021

Many organizations dedicated to learning and teaching in the field of psychology struggle with diversifying and widening international representation. The drive for diversification of membership and leadership occurs as such groups increasingly prioritize diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives. In this paper, we offer evidence-based guidance on the benefits of increasing diversity in organizational leadership as well as the means to do so. Further, we share approaches from our organization, the US-based Society for the Teaching of Psychology, to expanding diversity, as well as gaps in equity and inclusion initiatives. We conclude by discussing the importance of all diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives more generally within the field of the teaching of psychology and of advancing global psychology via psychology learning and teaching associations.
Remembering
Authors: Philor Emmanuel
Published: April 2021

This reflection heightens the value of the role of chaplain during the time of the pandemic.
A Chaplain’s Comprehensive Spiritual Assessment And Military Mission
Authors: Searle Robert F. , Vance C. Garland
Published: April 2021

Commanders expect their Chaplains to care for their Soldiers and their Families. Given the number of Soldiers and their Families, this responsibility can be daunting. Between 2007 and 2012, a comprehensive spiritual assessment was developed and used within the 98th Training Division, which was able to identify issues before they became debilitating problems. Approved by the Commanding Generals, this spiritual assessment was essential for Chaplains to find the Soldiers and their Families who needed care.
No One Is Alone: Remembering God Is Always With Us
Authors: Campbell Rabbi Tad
Published: April 2021

A chaplain was conducting a funeral for a long-time patient who had recently died. While he was the only one present with the body, his thoughts turn to the ways we can feel God close to us, even when we otherwise might feel alone.
“I was In Prison and You Visited Me” Providing Pastoral Care to Detained Young Latinos
Authors: Krogsrud Silvana
Published: April 2021

This Article offers strategies for providing comprehensive pastoral care to detained young Latinos. Strategies include Clinebell’s five functions of pastoral care, listening skills, and creative writing. Also discussed are the specific circumstances leading to the detention of juvenile Latino offenders.
Friedel-Crafts alkylation modification and hydrophilic soft finishing of meta aramid
Authors: Wei Xia , Liu Mingyuan , Lu Kaimei , Wu Hailiang , Wu Junxiong
Published: April 2021

Based on the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction, epichlorohydrin is applied to decorate the meta aramid to enhance the comfort of the fabrics. It is obviously more perfect that the samples are treated with the hydrophilic soft finishing agent. In this paper, the effects of modification and finishing time on the structure and properties of meta aramid are studied. The results indicate that the surface roughness, polarity, active point, and wetting property of the modified fabrics are increased, and the loading rate and fastness of the finishing agent on the meta aramid are enhanced. After finishing, the wetting time and the time of water transfer from the surface to the bottom become shorter in the fabrics, and the water absorption rate becomes faster, the core absorption height rises by 60%, the bending stiffness lowers by 39%, the moisture permeability increases by 5.9%, the permeability decreases by 3.6%, and the friction electric voltage reduces by 78%, The longitudinal and weft secondary combustion time increase by 0.3 s and 0.2 s, the smoldering time increase by 0.3 s, and the improving rate of damage length are 5.4% and 7.6%, respectively.
Familiar felons: Gendered characterisations and narrative tropes in media representations of offending women 1905–2015
Authors: Sandman Tua
Published: April 2021

This article contends that contemporary writings on the representation of offending women provide a simplified outline of ‘available’ representations. To nuance and further complicate our understanding, this study lays bare the most salient media characterisations of women perpetrators in Swedish press. In contrast to much previous research, it covers various offence types and an extensive period of time (1905–2015) and moves away from the focus on mega-cases and cases of extreme deviance. First, the study illustrates that characterisations are contingent and that there is a greater variety in ‘available’ representations than previous research suggests. The characterisations rather tend to move between and beyond the categories of bad, mad and sad. Second, the study makes visible the narrative continuities (across cases and over time) and analyses the social and cultural work of gendered characterisations. While steering attention to sense-making and the construction of familiarity, the article complicates the assumption that women’s deviance primarily or necessarily is represented as otherness.
The effect of early list manipulations on the DRM illusion
Authors: Fam Justine , Huff Mark J , Westbrook R Fred , Holmes Nathan M
Published: April 2021

The Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm is widely used to study false memory in the laboratory. It tests memory for lists of semantically related words (correct list item memories) and their non-presented associates (false lure memories). Evidence suggests that early items in DRM lists could make an especially significant contribution to false memories of lures, as they may critically influence the underlying associative activation and/or gist extraction processes. The present study tested this suggestion by using two manipulations that were intended to affect processing of early DRM list items. The first was interpolation of a semantically unrelated distractor item among the list items (Experiments 1 and 2). The second was arranging for these items to be either the strongest or weakest associates of the lure (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, a distractor item reduced both list item and lure recall when presented early in a DRM list, but selectively disrupted list item recall when presented late in the list. In Experiment 2, arranging for the early list items to be the weakest associates of the lure reduced false recall of the lure but had no effect on list item recall. The findings are discussed with respect to theories that explain false memory in the DRM protocol, including fuzzy trace theory (FTT) and activation–monitoring theory (AMT). They are also discussed with respect to general theories of memory and the potential role of category/context information in generating false memories.
Comment: Moving (Further) Beyond Private Experience: On the Radicalization of the Social Approach to Emotions and the Emancipation of Verbal Emotional Expressions
Authors: van Kleef Gerben A.
Published: April 2021

Emotions have traditionally been viewed as intrapersonal phenomena. Over the past decades, theory and research have shifted toward a more social perspective that emphasizes the role of emotional expressions in coordinating social interaction. I provide a brief history of this ongoing paradigm shift, which reveals two critical developments. The first concerns a continuing shift in emphasis on the social-communicative rather than individual-level functions and effects of emotions—the radicalization of the social approach to emotion. The second concerns a growing awareness that emotions can be expressed through multiple modalities, including words—the emancipation of verbal emotional expressions. I discuss theoretical challenges and opportunities presented by these developments and consider their implications for understanding emotions as a source of social influence.
Temporalités et appropriations des connaissances dans une démarche de recherche partenariale : les décalages à l’œuvre dans le projet GREENH-City
Authors: Porcherie Marion , Faure Emmanuelle , Bader Clément , Gall Anne Roué Le , Rican Stéphane , Heritage Zoe , Vaillant Zoé , Simos Jean , Cantoreggi Nicola , Lemaire Nina , Thomas Marie-Florence
Published: April 2021

Cet article interroge les effets des modalités partenariales de recherche du projet GREENH-City associant des chercheur.e.s au Réseau français des Villes-Santé OMS (RfVS). Il propose une analyse de l’appropriation des connaissances scientifiques liées au projet par les villes membres du RfVS à partir du modèle de partage de connaissances. L’article montre qu’un décalage temporel peut s’opérer entre la production et l’utilisation des données liées au projet et interroge les modalités de partage de connaissances comme les pratiques de cette recherche interventionnelle.
Étudier de près les modes de coordination pour construire un partenariat visant à réduire les inégalités épistémiques
Authors: Gaborit Emilie , Terral Philippe , Génolini Jean-Paul
Published: April 2021

Cette recherche interventionnelle analyse les dynamiques d’engagement dans la collaboration entre des chercheur.se.s de sciences humaines et sociales et deux soignantes en cancérologie, pilotes d’un dispositif d’éducation thérapeutique de patient·e·s sous anticancéreux oraux. Nous nous attachons à analyser et à réduire les asymétries de savoirs et de pouvoirs pour favoriser les relations d’échange entre diverses expertises. Cet article retrace plus particulièrement les processus sociaux et épistémiques qui font évoluer les modes de coordination entre acteur.ice.s. Une enquête ethnographique (par observation participante et entretiens auprès des enquêtés) des trois années de partenariat permet de relever, au sein de différentes arènes collaboratives, la variabilité des formes de traduction entre ces acteur·ice·s et les ajustements méthodologiques de la recherche lorsqu'elle se confronte aux enjeux de l’intervention. Différents registres de médiation sont mobilisés par les chercheur.se.s, comme par les pilotes, qui impactent les formes de coordination. Nos résultats montrent que des négociations et des accords sont réalisés sans aboutir à des coordinations maximalistes, qui autoriseraient un travail commun de promotion de la RISP.
Prise en compte des inégalités sociales de santé dans l’évaluation de programmes en visioconférence destinés à promouvoir l’activité physique des patients en cours de traitement d’un cancer
Authors: Aromatario Olivier , Charles Cécile , Moysan Perrine , Alla François , Cambon Linda
Published: April 2021

La prise en compte des inégalités sociales de santé (ISS) est une des préoccupations des programmes de santé. Ceux développés à partir d’interfaces numériques imposent un regard spécifique sur les ISS lié aux caractéristiques de l’outil. Ce commentaire a pour but de présenter une méthode d’analyse innovante des ISS dans les dispositifs numériques, basée sur une théorie d’intervention, à partir d’un exemple d’application sur un programme utilisant une interface numérique de visioconférence pour le développement de l’activité physique de patients suivis en oncologie. Il illustre l’intérêt et la faisabilité d’une mobilisation des acteurs du soin et de la recherche autour d’un outil d’évaluation et de réflexion simple, pour une retombée clinique concrète et immédiatement disponible allant dans le sens de la réduction des ISS.
Inpatient Insulin Pen Implementation, Waste, and Potential Cost Savings: A Community Hospital Experience
Authors: Najmi Urooj , Haque Waqas Zia , Ansari Umair , Yemane Eyerusalem , Alexander Lee Ann , Lee Christina , Demidowich Andrew P. , Motevalli Mahsa , Mackay Periwinkle , Tucker Cynthia , Notobartolo Cindy , Sartippour Poroshat , Raynor Jennifer , Zilbermint Mihail
Published: April 2021

Background:

Insulin pen injectors (“pens”) are intended to facilitate a patient’s self-administration of insulin and can be used in hospitalized patients as a learning opportunity. Unnecessary or duplicate dispensation of insulin pens is associated with increased healthcare costs.

Methods:

Inpatient dispensation of insulin pens in a 240-bed community hospital between July 2018 and July 2019 was analyzed. We calculated the percentage of insulin pens unnecessarily dispensed for patients who had the same type of insulin pen assigned. The estimated cost of insulin pen waste was calculated. A pharmacist-led task force group implemented hospital-wide awareness and collaborated with hospital leadership to define goals and interventions.

Results:

9516 insulin pens were dispensed to 3121 patients. Of the pens dispensed, 6451 (68%) were insulin aspart and 3065 (32%) were glargine. Among patients on insulin aspart, an average of 2.2 aspart pens was dispensed per patient, but only an estimated 1.2 pens/patient were deemed necessary. Similarly, for inpatients prescribed glargine, an average of 2.1 pens/patient was dispensed, but only 1.3 pens/patient were necessary. A number of gaps were identified and interventions were undertaken to reduce insulin pen waste, which resulted in a significant decrease in both aspart (p = 0.0002) and glargine (p = 0.0005) pens/patient over time. Reductions in pen waste resulted in an estimated cost savings of $66 261 per year.

Conclusions:

In a community hospital setting, identification of causes leading to unnecessary insulin dispensation and implementation of hospital-wide staff education led to change in insulin pen dispensation practice. These changes translated into considerable cost savings and facilitated diabetes self-management education.
Perceptions of Psychotherapy Waiting Rooms: Design Recommendations
Authors: Noble Lilly , Devlin Ann Sloan
Published: April 2021

Objective:

This study fills the gap in literature by examining the design elements preferred in psychotherapy waiting rooms.

Background:

Studies have examined waiting rooms in hospitals and doctors’ offices, but there is little published literature on waiting rooms in psychotherapy offices. Waiting rooms in psychotherapy offices may affect clients’ perceived quality of care and their comfort level.

Method:

Psychotherapists in Connecticut and Rhode Island were interviewed and agreed to have the waiting rooms (20 in total) of their practices photographed. Then, in a within-subjects design, 250 participants (225 retained for analyses) from MTurk answered questions about the quality of care and comfort in the environment expected in those 20 waiting rooms.

Results:

Factor analytic results showed that waiting rooms that were welcoming and comfortable as well as large and spacious rated higher for the quality of care and comfort in the environment anticipated by the participant; those that were cramped and crowded rated lower. Few therapists reported any design education about counseling environments and none about the waiting room.

Conclusion:

Information from this study can guide the design of psychotherapy waiting rooms and enhance healthcare experience.
A Phase II, Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Benralizumab, a Humanized Anti-IL-5R Alpha Monoclonal Antibody, in Patients With Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Takabayashi Tetsuji , Asaka Daiya , Okamoto Yoshitaka , Himi Tetsuo , Haruna Shinichi , Yoshida Naohiro , Kondo Kenji , Yoshikawa Mamoru , Sakuma Yasunori , Shibata Kunihiko , Suzuki Motohiko , Kobayashi Masayoshi , Kawata Ryo , Tsuzuki Kenzo , Okano Mitsuhiro , Higaki Takaya , Takeno Sachio , Kodama Satoru , Yonekura Syuji , Saito Hiromi , Nozaki Akiyo , Otori Nobuyoshi , Fujieda Shigeharu
Published: April 2021

Background

Strong eosinophil infiltration in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) is highly associated with recalcitrance and higher nasal polyp recurrence rate after surgery. The prevalence of eosinophilic CRSwNP (ECRS) is increasing in Asian countries including Japan. Benralizumab is a humanized anti-IL-5R alpha monoclonal antibody that depletes eosinophils by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Objective

To assess the efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with ECRS.

Methods

This phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in Japan. Patients were randomized 1:2:2 to placebo, a single administration of benralizumab 30 mg, or benralizumab 30 mg every 4 weeks (q4w) for a total of three doses. The primary endpoint was the change in nasal polyp score from baseline at Week 12.

Results

Overall, 56 patients were enrolled (placebo, n = 11; benralizumab single dose, n = 22; benralizumab q4w, n = 23). Although the mean total nasal polyp score began to decrease after the initiation of benralizumab treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in change in nasal polyp score from baseline at Week 12 between benralizumab and placebo (placebo, −0.5 ± 0.8; benralizumab single, −0.3 ± 0.8; benralizumab q4w, −0.5 ± 1.5). Post-hoc analysis showed that the administration of benralizumab decreased nasal polyp scores ≥2 points in 42.2% of ECRS patients and that patients with high blood eosinophil levels had a greater tendency to respond to benralizumab treatment. The safety profile was similar to that in previous studies and no unexpected adverse events were noted.

Conclusion

Although benralizumab did not meet the primary efficacy endpoint, reductions of nasal polyp scores were seen in the benralizumab group compared with the placebo group over the whole study period, especially in patients with high levels of blood eosinophils.