bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Will you play? Implications of audience interventions in improvised dance performance
Authors: Breslin Jo , Cowley Jill , Doughty Sally
Published: January 2016

This article addresses participation through audience interventions in the work of Quick Shifts Improvisation Collective. It reflects upon a range of approaches taken by Quick Shifts that invite audience members to participate in the development of their improvised dance performances. These modes of participation in Quick Shifts’ practice and types of audience interventions are also considered in light of how they satisfy a broader social objective of cultural inclusivity and social value that can be equal to the aesthetic interests of Quick Shifts’ artistic goals. Encouraging audience interventions has implications for the performers, the model of practice and the audience members themselves, and through examining six specific examples from Quick Shifts’ body of performance work, these implications are revealed and analysed. Erving Goffman’s Frame Analysis (1974) is used to explain and critique the design of the scores, and reveals issues of signalling the audience in the unconventional performance mode of improvised dance. The authors’ interrogation of the potential for the audience to be implicated as co-authors in the work begins to open up questions about what is effective and less effective in participation during improvised dance and to what extent do they, as participating performers, relinquish (or not) control of the work in response to such audience interventions.
Using ‘dress appearance […] to define who I am to others’: Everyday fashion and subjectivity among white lesbians in Brighton 2005–2015
Authors: Hattrick Jane
Published: January 2016

This article introduces a longitudinal study of the changing role of dressing and fashionability in the lives of ‘ordinary’ lesbians in Brighton, England, over a decade. The everyday dress practices of lesbians in midlife are explored through firsthand responses to two directives on lesbian dress and identity in 2005 and 2015 by a small cohort of participants. The responses to a set of open-ended questions posed by the author provide a window onto the ways in which gender and sexual subjectivity is negotiated through the wearing of specific items of dress and fashion brands on an everyday basis. A key finding in 2015 has been that these women’s attitudes towards self-fashioning have changed over time according to changes in personal circumstances and psychological development in midlife, within the context of wider social and political change.
‘At the site of intimacy’: An interview with Campbell X, January 2015
Authors: Lewis Reina
Published: January 2016

This article is an edited transcript of a conversation between Reina Lewis and film maker Campbell X recorded in London in 2015. The interview focuses on the racial, gender, and sexual politics of filmic representation and film production. A multi-award winning QTIPOC (queer trans intersex person of colour) filmmaker, based in London, Campbell’s work has been instrumental in the development of queer British cinema. Centring on Campbell’s 2012 feature film Stud Life, the article provides an historicised account of the development of Campbell’s film practice, and examines the role of dress in the staging of LBGT characters and lives on screen. Providing insights into the process of costume design, casting, and film direction, Lewis and Campbell discuss the central role of dress, the body, and fashion in the visualisation of LGBT lives.
‘Or is it Bacon in drag?’: How to find an unknown sitter’s identity
Authors: Rousseau Paul , Cole Shaun
Published: January 2016

After an article appeared in The Guardian newspaper in 2014, the variety of labels that had been ascribed to one of John Deakin’s photographs became apparent and prompted the question, ‘or is it Bacon in drag?’ from a contributor to the newspaper’s comments stream. This conversation outlines the steps undertaken by Paul Rousseau, the archivist at The John Deakin Archive, to investigate whether the sitter in this photograph could indeed be the artist Francis Bacon in drag. Applying 3D modelling techniques with facial recognition software and employing forensic experts, Rousseau posits hypotheses as to why this sitter could be Francis Bacon. Comparing the sitters in a set of archive images titled ‘transvestites’ to other images from private collections and to a set of found images of Bacon posing for the camera in Y-fronts, this investigation prompts speculation about the ‘evidence’ for and against the photograph in question being of Bacon.
Gender rebels: Inside the wardrobes of young gay men with subversive style
Authors: Barry Ben , Martin Dylan
Published: January 2016

A constant theme in the history of gay men’s dress has been the hyperbolic performance and radical confusion of masculine and feminine gender codes. This research seeks to understand how gender conventions influence the stylistic motivations and dress practices of contemporary gay men. Guided by the theory of gender performativity, this article presents the sartorial biographies of three urban-residing young gay men in Toronto, Canada, who each come from different ethnic backgrounds. Eschewing gender binaries, these men combine unique variations of conventionally masculine and feminine clothing to formulate distinctive looks. Influenced by their sexuality and intersectional identities, these men blend gendered dress codes to express their individuality as well as stimulate meaningful dialogue about gender. The experiences of the men in this study can be seen as representating the influence of neoliberal political ideology and the current postpostmodern cultural climate.
Recalculation of Laboratory Tests with the Extended Zone Method
Authors: Achenbach Marcus , Morgenthal Guido
Published: January 2016

The Advanced Calculation Method given in EN 1992-1-2 is accepted by engineers and building authorities for the determination of the fire resistance of reinforced concrete structures. It has been developed originally for the recalculation of laboratory tests: the time of failure is calculated for a given layout of reinforcement. But in the structural analysis of concrete columns, the area of reinforcement has to be calculated for a desired fire resistance. Design methods and strategies, which are suitable for the design of concrete compression members, require constant material properties and strain limits, which are not given for the Advanced Calculation Method. Therefore Achenbach and Morgenthal have proposed an extension of the Zone Method by Hertz, suitable for the implementation in commercial design software. In this paper, this Extended Zone Method is used to recalculate laboratory tests to determine the accuracy of this method. A statistical analysis of the results is performed to evaluate the statistical key data of the Extended Zone Method.
MACRO-ELEMENT MODEL OF A STEEL MOMENT FRAME SUBJECTED TO FIRE-INDUCED COLUMN LOSS
Authors: Nguyen Ha , Jeffers Ann E. , Kodur Venkatesh
Published: January 2016

A progressive collapse mitigation strategy is to ensure load redistribution when a column fails due to fire. The study seeks to understand whether welded unreinforced flange-bolted web (WUF-B) moment connections can effectively redistribute loads in a structural system subjected to fire when a critical column is lost. A component (or macro-element) model was derived to simulate the WUF-B connection and validated against experimental tests and high-resolution finite element (FE) models of subassemblies at room temperature and at elevated temperature. The component model was then utilized in a 2D macro FE model of a ten-story steel-framed building subjected to the loss of a column during long fire exposure. This paper presents the collapse mechanisms and quantifies structural performance based on acceptance criteria. A parametric study on location of column loss and fire occurrence is also included.
CHARACTERISTIC VALUE OF THE RANDOM FIRE LOAD DENSITY, Probability-based specification depending on the way how the building compartment is used
Authors: Maslak Mariusz
Published: January 2016

The algorithm that allows to specify the characteristic value of the random fire load density, depending on the way how the considered building compartment is used, is presented and discussed in detail. The proposed computational procedure is based on a probabilistic approach, the alternative in relation to the traditional methodology according to which the results obtained from the inventory of such a compartment are a basis for the evaluation. It is assumed that the sought value is estimated as the upper quantile of a Gumbel probability distribution which is set at an appropriate level of the probability of its up-crossing. The formal model described in the paper is referred to the two selected and qualitatively different design techniques which are used in practice. The first one is based on the recommendations contained in the Eurocode EN 1991-1-2, whereas the second - on the rules specified in the standard NFPA 557.
SENSITIVITY OF STRUCTURES TO FIRE DECAY PHASES, Quantitative comparison of structural components made of different materials
Authors: Gernay Thomas
Published: January 2016

This work presents an analysis of the behaviour of different structural members under natural fires, with the aim to characterize their sensitivity to the fire decay phase. Thermo-mechanical numerical simulations based on the non-linear finite element method are conducted using the parametric fire model of Eurocode to represent the natural fires. Results show that, for all the studied members (column, beam) and materials (reinforced concrete, steel, timber), structural failure during or after the cooling phase of a fire is a possible event. The major factors that promote delayed structural failure are the thermal inertia and the constituting material of the member. An indicator is proposed to quantify the propensity to delayed failure for structural members under natural fire. This work enhances the understanding of the structural behaviour under natural fires and has implications for the safety of the fire brigades and people proceeding to a building inspection after a fire.
ANALYSIS OF A CONCRETE BUILDING EXPOSED TO NATURAL FIRE
Authors: Sauca Ana , Gernay Thomas , Robert Fabienne , Franssen Jean Marc
Published: January 2016

In this paper is presented the analysis of a concrete building exposed to OZone fire. The temperature development in the elements and the structural behaviour were calculated in SAFIR using beam elements for the columns and beams and shell elements for the floor slabs. The first floor was modelled and the effects of action from the upper storeys are applied as external loads. It is shown how the numerical analysis allows understanding the behaviour of the structure when exposed to a natural fire until complete cooling by analysing the evolution of displacements, the distributions of bending moments in the beams, the membrane forces in the slab, and the stresses in the elements. All this detailed information would not be available from an experimental test.
SHEAR BUCKLING EVALUATION IN STEEL PLATE GIRDERS WITH RIGID END POSTS SUBJECTED TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
Authors: Reis André , Lopes Nuno , Real Paulo Vila
Published: January 2016

The current study intends to analyse the behaviour of steel plate girders with rigid end posts subjected to elevated temperatures, aiming the assessment of the ultimate shear strength in case of fire. A parametric numerical study was performed involving a wide range of cross-section’s dimensions, plate girders’ aspect ratios and steel grades. Plate girders were numerically tested at both normal and elevated temperature, being considered three different uniform temperatures. The influence of the geometrical imperfections, as well as the residual stresses, was taken into account. Finally, the numerical results were compared to the Eurocode 3 (EC3) prescriptions, adapted to fire situation by the direct application of the reduction factors for the stress-strain relationship of steel at elevated temperatures. It was shown that the EC3 design rules should be improved because they are not conservative, conducting to unsafe results.
STRENGTHENING HEAT DAMAGED REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS USING GLASS FIBER-REINFORCED POLYMER (GFRP) LAMINATES
Authors: Roy Danie , Sharma Umesh , Bhargava Pradeep
Published: January 2016

A series of 21 reinforced concrete T- beams of length 1400 mm were cast using normal strength concrete. After 90 days of ageing, the beams were heated to 600°C and 900°C temperatures in an electric furnace. While three control beams were treated at room temperature, eighteen beams were heat damaged. The heat damaged beams were strengthened with FRP laminates and then tested until complete failure. Two different strengthening patterns of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) strengthening materials were used. The strengthened beams were then tested in a loading frame under 4 point loading condition. The load-deflection curves for the beams were examined to evaluate the capability of various strengthening patterns. Structural performance of various strengthening patterns were gauged in terms of failure mode, flexural strength, secant stiffness and the energy absorption capacity i.e. area under the load-displacement curve. It was observed that the beams exposed to different temperatures experienced a reduction in ultimate load carrying capacity ranging from 14 % to 61%. The secant stiffness and energy dissipation were reduced in the range of 34% to 56% and 10% to 41% respectively. The study shows that GFRP wraps were quite capable of restoring the flexural strength of heat damaged beams.
THE BEHAVIOUR OF SPECIAL OSB BOARDS UNDER FIRE CONDITIONS, The influence of OSB board´s fire coating on the fire resistance of light timber frame assemblies
Authors: Kuklík Petr , Charvátová Magdaléna
Published: January 2016

The paper is focused on the influence of fire resistant coatings used on OSB boards on the fire resistance of entire light timber frame wall assemblies. Two fire tests were performed in the fire test laboratory of PAVUS, a.s. in Veselí nad Lužnicí. The fire tests were performed on a load bearing wall. The wall dimensions were 3.0 (depth) x 3.0 (height) m. According to EN 1995-1-2, the calculation for fire paints and coatings is not possible. The aim of the paper is the determination of the influence of this type of coating on the OSB board’s charring rate, the determination of the start of charring of a timber stud and the fire resistance of the whole construction.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF ULTRA HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE (UHPC) MEMBERS IN CASE OF FIRE
Authors: Siemon Matthias , Zehfuß Jochen
Published: January 2016

The research activity in progress and the advancements in concrete technology are leading to an increased use of high performance and ultra high performance concrete in structural engineering. Due to its high compressive strength and ductile behavior in combination with steel fibres, UHPC structural members can be designed as slender and light structures compared to standard concrete design. This increasingly leads to the option in architectural design to highlight the bearing capacity of the building without hiding the structural components.

In case of fire safety design a disadvantageous behavior of UHPC compared to normal strength concrete is well known and documented. The high packing density of the cement matrix is the main reason for explosive spalling behavior when exposed to fire. To avoid spalling, an appropriate amount of polypropylene fibres has to be introduced in the concrete mix design. In addition, slender and light structures are in general more sensitive to fire exposure due to the higher surface to volume ratio.

In this paper, the analysis of the thermal and mechanical material properties using experimental and numerical methods is presented. The investigations were carried out during the priority program 1182 in the research project “Theoretical and experimental determination of the high temperature behavior of ultra high performance concrete (UHPC)”, funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), see (Schmidt 2014) and (Hosser et al. 2014).
In the project the thermal properties heat conductivity, specific heat capacity and the temperature dependent density as well as the mechanical properties like the temperature dependent stress-strain-relation and thermal expansion were experimentally determined. In addition, the optimum fibre content was determined. The findings of the project were used to develop a material model and checked against experimental results on fire exposed UHPC columns using a FE model.
HIGH Tg FRP & CEMENTITIOUS ADHESIVE, Potential benefits in fire for NSM FRP strengthened reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Prete Iolanda Del , Bilotta Antonio , Bisby Luke , Nigro Emidio
Published: January 2016

Near surface mounted FRP strengthening is potentially less prone to damage due tofire exposure than externally bonded FRP reinforcement (EBR), provided that: (a) an FRP strengthening material with high glass transition and decomposition temperatures (Tg andTd, respectively); and (b) a bonding agent with low thermal conductivity and good thermal stability, are used. This paper presents a project undertaken on a specific high Tg and cementitious adhesive bonded NSM FRP strengthening system. Dynamic Mechanic Analysis (DMA) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) performed on the novel high Tg commercial CFRP bar yielded a Tg value of 220°C (based on  peak) and Td of about 360°C. Thermal conductivity tests were also performed on the cementitious grout. The results were used to better explain the failure modes of NSM FRP strengthened reinforced concrete beams at elevated temperature. The paper highlights the importance of understandingthe thermo-mechanical properties of the various constituent materials for improving the performance of FRP strengthening systems in fire.
FIRES IN WOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Papić Nenad
Published: January 2016

In recent years, there were a few fires of equipments in wood industry in Croatia, after which in fire scene investigation and determination of fire cause working, as a part of team, experts from Forensic Science Centre „Ivan Vučetić“ (FSC „Ivan Vučetić“). One of  this fires in wood industry was the fire in the “Wood Industry Bohor“. In the paper is described the manner of work of the expert witnesses when there determined the cause of fire in industrial equipments. There are given methods of determining the cause of fire and point at characteristic defects which may cause a fire.
COMPARISON OF THE MEASUREMENT RESULTS OF LARGE SCALE FAÇADE FIRE TESTS USING IR THERMOGRAPHY AND THERMOCOUPLES
Authors: Milovanović Bojan , Pečur Ivana Banjad
Published: January 2016

In this paper the effectiveness of using a high temperature range, microbolometer infrared (IR) camera for the study of large scale façade fire tests will be investigated. The long-wave microbolometer camera has the ability to measure temperatures but the smoke and the flames itself influence the measurement results. This is due to the absorption of the infrared radiation by both smoke and flames while at the same time they emit radiation due to their high temperatures. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the usefulness of an IR camera when studying large scale façade fire tests. The problems are difficulties in verification how representative measurements are and consequently it is not clear and sure if conditions for reliable measurements are really fulfilled. The measurement results acquired by the IR camera will be compared to the measurement results acquired by the thermocouples 1 mm, 3 mm in diameter and plate thermometers.
MASS LOSS AND FLAMMABILITY OF INSULATION MATERIALS USED IN SANDWICH PANELS DURING THE PRE-FLASHOVER PHASE OF FIRE
Authors: Kluiver L.L. De , D’Albani A.W. Giunta , Korte A.C.J De , Herpen R.A.P Van , Weewer R. , Brouwers H.J.H.
Published: January 2016

In this study, the mass-loss and flammability limits of different sandwich panels and their cores (PUR, PIR, stone wool, EPS and XPS) are studied separately using a special developed furnace. The focus is on the pre-flashover phase of fire (up to 400°C), because exceeding the lower flammability limit in this phase may lead to a smoke layer explosion, a hazardous situation for an offensive intervention by the fire brigade. The research has shown that the actual mass-loss of synthetic and stone wool based cores is comparable up to 300°C. From 300°C onwards, the mass-loss of PUR panels is significant. EPS and XPS cores become fluid before pyrolysis starts. Furthermore delamination of the panels can be observed at exposure to temperatures above 250°C for the synthetic and 350°C for the mineral wool panels. The lower flammability limits have been established experimentally at 39% m/m (PUR) and 36% m/m (PS) of the pyrolysis gasses on the air mass, respectively. For PIR and mineral wool no flammability limits could be established.
FROM ENERGY STRATEGIES THROUGH ENERGY RETROFITTING TO FIRE SAFETY OF BUILDINGS
Authors: Pečur Ivana Banjad , Bobovec Borka , Milovanovic Bojan , Alagušic Marina
Published: January 2016

European policy is reflected in a 10-year strategy called 2020 proposed to revive European economy and it is deeply interconnected with Energy Performance of Building Directive and its Recast. Republic of Croatia, as an EU member state, is aligning its national energy policy with European policy. By boosting energy retrofitting of existing and constructing energy efficient new buildings, thermally enhanced building envelope represents significantly increased fire load on building, thus fire safety becomes inevitable segment of energy efficiency of buildings. Croatia has no national test method for determining fire performance of building façade, while harmonized EN test method is currently being developed. In this paper an overview and comparison of BS 8414-1:2002 and DIN Entwurf 4102-20 standards will be presented, since they are proposed as a basis for future harmonized EN test method. For similar configuration of test specimens, BS 8414-1:2002 defines significantly more severe heat exposure compared to DIN Entwurf 4102-20.
PYROLYSIS MODELING OF PVC USING DISTRIBUTED ACTIVATION ENERGY MODEL- MICRO SCALE TESTING
Authors: Bhargava Abhishek , Hees Patrick Van
Published: January 2016

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a common thermoplastic whichfinds widespread applications in the construction industryfor usage inceiling linings, flooring materials, electrical cables and roofing materials.Several fire requirements are put on these types of applications. For fire safety engineering and product development, thermo-chemical decomposition modeling of PVC isrequired. The FIRETOOLS project investigates the possibilities to predict real scale fire behavior of building products, content and barriers by means of using material data on successively increasing scale. This paper focuses on the material modeling and studiesthe thermo-chemical decomposition of PVC using Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM). 
CONTRIBUTION OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY FOR UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR DURING FIRE EMERGENCY
Authors: Antić Miljenko
Published: January 2016

Today we have plenty of evidence about people’s reaction in the case of fire. Some reactions are peculiar for the fire emergency. However – in order to understand these reactions – it is important to know the basic principles of individual and group behavior. The main goal of this article is to present results of psychological investigations of basic instincts (anxiety, fear, panic) and results of investigations of group behavior (social facilitation, conformity, altruism, diffusion of responsibility, respect for authority, etc.) and to apply these results on investigation of human behavior during the fire emergency. In short, this article has aim to explain human behavior during the fire emergencies on the basis of main findings of social psychology. Furthermore, the article suggests possible activities – especially in the field of education and training – that may decrease human loses in fires.
Housing Statements – Perspectives on the Housing Crisis in the UK
Authors: Graham Cairns , Ken Loach , Brian Schubert , Rachel Hartley , Colin Rice , Rob MacDonald , Suzanne Muna , Paul Kershaw , Arti Dillon , Elaine Bailey , Glyn Robbins , Eileen Short , Rico Wojtulewicz , Campbell Robb , Marianne Fallon , Siân Errington , Stewart Baseley
Published: January 2016

To coincide with the launch of its conference series as part of the “Housing – Critical Futures” programme, in April 2015, Architecture_MPS invited leading organisations, activists, architects and charities to author opinion pieces on the housing crisis in the UK. Their statements collected together in this special edition. Speakers at the conference included Stephen Hodder, President, RIBA and David Waterhouse, Head of Strategic Planning, CABE. The authors collected together in this issue include: Ken Loach, Film Director; Stewart Baseley, Executive Chairman. The Home Builders Federation; Siân Errington from Unite the Union; Rico Wojtulewicz. Policy Advisor, The House Builders Association; Brian Schubert and Rachel Hartley, The Association of Residential Letting Agents; Colin Rice, Cullinan Studio; Dr Glyn Robbins, Defend Council Housing; Suzanne Muna, Paul Kershaw, Arti Dillon, Housing Workers; Elaine Bailey, Chief Executive, The Hyde Group Housing Association; Eileen Short, Coorganiser The March for Homes; Dr. Rob MacDonald, Academic, Author, Editor, DIY City.

These authors represent a diverse range of views on the issue of affordable housing provision in the UK and their essays are each a reflection of a very distinct analysis. From the arguments of those representing volume house builders and those of Housing Associations to the views of architects at leading UK practices known for their work in the field. Also represented are the voices of charities such as Shelter and academics who have spent their careers promoting resident participation in housing. To these voices we add those of trade unions and pressure groups arguing for a continuation of state involvement in the construction and management of the country’s housing stock. This diversity is of course deliberate. It is a reflection of the complexity of the issue faced and the diversity of opinions it raises. These essays range from short statements of opinion to manifestos; from calls to action to more extensive pieces of analysis. Coming from people at the heart of the debate in the UK they are a snapshot of the current situation.
This is Your Hometown: Collective Memory, Industrial Flight, and the Fate of Freehold, New Jersey
Authors: Cohen Jonathan D.
Published: January 2016

Established in 2012, the New Jersey Studies Academic Alliance (NJSAA) Graduate Student Award recognizes excellence in graduate writing about New Jersey history. It is presented for a paper written by a graduate student that best represents significant research and writing about any aspect of New Jersey history. The 2015 award went to Mr. Cohen.***Freehold, New Jersey faced two major moments of deindustrialization in the post-World War II period. In the late 1950s, the rug mill that sat at the center of the town's economic and cultural life began to close down. In 1986, a 3M audio-visual tape plant that had helped the town avoid economic ruin shut down as well. This paper illustrates the continuities between these closings, challenging the dogma in labor history that plant closings occur because of management's desire to avoid an entitled and demanding workforce. Though workers at both plants were unionized, neither the rug mill nor the 3M workers made major demands on their employers in the postwar period. This paper analyzes the conditions that prompted shutdowns in Freehold, illustrating the role of broader market forces as well as internal company dynamics in driving capital flight. Furthermore, a close look at the 3M closing reveals the importance of culture in workers' responses to deindustrialization. Following 3M's announcement of its plans to shut down the Freehold plant, workers began a national media campaign to save their jobs. At the heart of this campaign was the memory of the rug mill that had closed 25 years earlier, as represented by their campaign anthem, Bruce Springsteen's 1984 song "My Hometown." This paper demonstrates the role of memory and music in shaping workers' experience with deindustrialization as well as the struggles of unions to codify the relationship between capital and community in the twentieth century.
A Common Interest: Franklin Roosevelt, Frank Hague, and the Presidential Election of 1936 in New Jersey
Authors: Sheppard Si
Published: January 2016

The Great Depression and the New Deal forged a mutually beneficial alliance between President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Mayor Frank Hague of Jersey City. Each needed the other. Hague benefited from the federal funds he was allocated by the New Deal relief agencies. Channeling this government assistance through his political machine in Jersey City enabled him to consolidate his control over Hudson County and ultimately become the dominant figure of the Democratic Party in New Jersey. In return, Hague pledged to secure New Jersey for Roosevelt in his reelection campaign. Ironically, Hague got the better of this arrangement. Roosevelt's personal popularity would have ensured his reelection in 1936 regardless of Hague's level of commitment. But by entrenching Hague's authority, as the New Deal tide ebbed over the ensuing years, and elections in New Jersey became more competitive, the President became ever more dependent on the capacity of the Mayor to deliver the votes he needed. This necessitated a policy of willful indifference towards Hague's increasingly autocratic and corrupt maladministration.
Owning New Jersey: Historic Tales of War, Property Disputes, & the Pursuit of Happiness
Authors: Sheridan Janet
Published: January 2016

Owning New Jersey: Historic Tales of War, Property Disputes, & the Pursuit of Happiness Joseph A. Grabas The History Press, Charleston, SC, 2014. 192 pp., images. $19.99 paper.
Gothic Pride: The Story of Building a Great Cathedral in Newark
Authors: Delozier Alan
Published: January 2016

Gothic Pride: The Story of Building a Great Cathedral in Newark Brian ReganRivergate Books, New Brunswick, NJ, 2012., 312 pp., 28 photographs. $39.95 hardcover.
Lenape Country: Delaware Valley Society before William Penn
Authors: Veit Richard
Published: January 2016

Lenape Country: Delaware Valley Society before William PennJean R. SoderlundUniversity of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 2015. 249, pp., 22 figures, 2 maps. $39.95 hardcover.
A Woman's Crusade: Alice Paul and the Battle for the Ballot
Authors: McMahon Lucia
Published: January 2016

A Woman's Crusade: Alice Paul and the Battle for the BallotMary WaltonPalgrave MacMillan, New York, 2010. 304 pp. $36.99 hardcover.
Desempenho agronômico de híbridos de sorgo granífero na safrinha em Jataí-GO
Authors: Almeida Estevão Ferreira de , Mota José Hortêncio , Menezes Cicero Bezerra de , Yuri Jony Eishi , Resende Geraldo Milanez de
Published: January 2016

O objetivo deste estudo foi de avaliar as características agronômicas de 25 híbridos de sorgo granífero cultivados no período da safrinha em Jataí-GO. Foi instalado um experimento em blocos casualizados com três repetições e avaliadas as características avaliadas foram: número de dias entre a semeadura e o emborrachamento; número de dias da semeadura até o florescimento; altura de plantas; comprimento da panícula, peso de mil grãos e rendimento. Verificou-se que os híbridos não diferenciaram quanto ao emborrachamento, florescimento e altura de plantas. Para o tamanho de panícula os híbridos que destacaram foram: 1167017, 1170017 e 1169074. Os híbridos DKB550, 1237030, 1170017, 1167017 e 1099044 apresentaram maiores pesos de mil grãos. Em relação o rendimento, os híbridos 1238020, 1169092, 1G244, 843009, 1236020, 1099034, 1167053, BRS330, 1105661, 1099044, 1105653, 1167017, 729033 e 1167093 apresentaram maiores rendimentos, o que pode estar ligado a maior adaptação dos materiais às condições edafoclimáticas da região.
How many torsionless affine connections exist in general dimension?
Authors: Dušek Zdenek , Kowalski Oldrich
Published: January 2016

We study the question how many real analytic torsion-free affine connections exist locally on a smooth manifold M of dimension n. The families of torsion-free connections with skew-symmetric Ricci tensor and those with symmetric Ricci tensor are determined in terms of the number of arbitrary functions of n variables.
Pseudospherical surfaces of low differentiability
Authors: Dorfmeister Josef F. , Sterling Ivan
Published: January 2016

We continue our investigations into Toda’s algorithm [14; 3], which gives a Weierstrass-type representation of Gauss curvature K = −1 surfaces in R3. We show that C0 input potentials correspond in an appealing way to a special new class of surfaces, with K = −1, which we call C1M. These are surfaces which may not be C2, but whose mixed second partials are continuous and equal. We also extend several results of Hartman-Wintner [5] concerning special coordinate changes which increase differentiability of immersions of K = −1 surfaces. We prove a C1M version of Hilbert’s Theorem.
On Sasaki–Ricci solitons and their deformations
Authors: Petrecca David
Published: January 2016

We extend to the Sasakian setting a result of Tian and Zhu about the decomposition of the Lie algebra of holomorphic vector fields on a Kähler manifold in the presence of a Kähler-Ricci soliton. Furthermore we apply known deformations of Sasakian structures to a Sasaki-Ricci soliton to obtain a stability result concerning generalized Sasaki-Ricci solitons, generalizing results of Li in the Kähler setting and of He and Sun by relaxing some of their assumptions.
Computer Simulation Usage For Verification Of Deepened Shaft Artificial Bottom Construction
Authors: Gospodarczyk Piotr
Published: January 2016

The paper presents the design verification methodology for so called artificial bottom of the mining shaft using computer simulation. Artificial bottom serves as the protection of the lower part of the shaft, in which works related to shaft deepening are carried out, against falling to the bottom of the shaft elements transported in its upper, active part. Model describing the phenomenon of artificial bottom stress is complex. In presented case it is a process of collision between object with a mass of 18 Mg model, falling into the shaft from a height of 800 m, and artificial bottom construction and inducted phenomenon of stress and strain wave propagation in various elements of construction. In this case load receiving elements are heavily deformed and many of them has to be destroyed. Therefore for construction verification computer simulation method has been chosen, conducted on the basis of subsequent crash tests, using the LS-DYNA program. The object of the research was an innovative solution of artificial bottom, developed by Central Mining Institute. A series of falling mass impact tests were performed, which had to prove the usefulness of applied solutions, as well as determine the influence of selected construction geometric parameters to effectiveness of transferring the impact load. This way, using the successive approximations method, the assumptions about the number of artificial bottom platforms and plate thickness used for additional coverage of one of the platforms were verified.
A Study on Along-Track and Cross-Track Noise of Altimetry Data by Maximum Likelihood: Mars Orbiter Laser Altimetry (Mola) Example
Authors: Jarmołowski Wojciech , Łukasiak Jacek
Published: January 2016

The work investigates the spatial correlation of the data collected along orbital tracks of Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) with a special focus on the noise variance problem in the covariance matrix. The problem of different correlation parameters in along-track and crosstrack directions of orbital or profile data is still under discussion in relation to Least Squares Collocation (LSC). Different spacing in along-track and transverse directions and anisotropy problem are frequently considered in the context of this kind of data. Therefore the problem is analyzed in this work, using MOLA data samples. The analysis in this paper is focused on a priori errors that correspond to the white noise present in the data and is performed by maximum likelihood (ML) estimation in two, perpendicular directions. Additionally, correlation lengths of assumed planar covariance model are determined by ML and by fitting it into the empirical covariance function (ECF). All estimates considered together confirm substantial influence of different data resolution in along-track and transverse directions on the covariance parameters.
Visibility and Geometry of Global Satellite Navigation Systems Constellations
Authors: Januszewski Jacek
Published: January 2016

Nowadays (November 2015) there are two global fully operational satellite navigation systems, American GPS and Russian GLONASS. Two next are under construction, Galileo in Europe and BeiDou in China. As the error of observer’s position obtained from these systems depends on geometry factor DOP (Dilution Of Precision) among other things the knowledge of the number of satellites visible by this observer above given masking elevation angle Hmin and the distributions of DOP coefficient values, GDOP in particular, is very important. The lowest and the greatest number of satellites visible in open area by the observer at different latitudes for different Hmin, the percentage of satellites visible above angle H (9 intervals, each 10O wide), distributions (in per cent) of satellites azimuths (8 intervals, each 45O wide) and GDOP coefficient values (8 intervals) for Hmin = 5O for all these four systems at different observer’s latitudes (9 intervals, each wide 10O wide) are presented in the paper. Additionally the lowest elevation for which the number of satellites visible at different latitudes by the observer in open area above this angle is equal 4 or 3 and the distributions (in per cent) of GDOP coefficient values for different Hmin at observer’s latitudes 50-60O for the same four systems are showed. All calculations were made for constellation of GPS 27 satellites, GLONASS 24, Galileo 30 and BeiDou 27 MEO satellites.
Routing Corners of Building Structures – by the Method of Vector Addition – Measured with RTN GNSS Surveying Technology
Authors: Krzyżek Robert
Published: January 2016

The paper deals with the problem of surveying buildings in the RTN GNSS mode using modernized indirect methods of measurement. As a result of the classical realtime measurements using indirect methods (intersection of straight lines or a point on a straight line), we obtain a building structure (a building) which is largely deformed. This distortion is due to the inconsistency of the actual dimensions of the building (tie distances) relative to the obtained measurement results. In order to eliminate these discrepancies, and thus to ensure full consistency of the building geometric structure, an innovative solution was applied - the method of vector addition - to modify the linear values (tie distances) of the external face of the building walls. A separate research problem tackled in the article, although not yet fully solved, is the issue of coordinates of corners of a building obtained after the application of the method of vector addition.
Explicit Constants in Poincaré-Type Inequalities for Simplicial Domains and Application
to A Posteriori Estimates
Authors: Matculevich Svetlana , Repin Sergey
Published: January 2016

The paper is concerned with sharp estimates of constants in the classical Poincaré
inequalities and Poincaré-type inequalities for functions with zero mean values in a
simplicial domain or on a part of the boundary. These estimates are important for
quantitative analysis of problems generated by differential equations where numerical
approximations are typically constructed with the help of simplicial meshes. We suggest
easily computable relations that provide sharp bounds of the respective constants and
compare these results with analytical estimates (if such estimates are known). In the
last section, we discuss possible applications and derive a computable majorant of the
difference between the exact solution of a boundary value problem and an arbitrary
finite dimensional approximation defined on a simplicial mesh.
Looking back: A study of (ad-hoc) family interpreters
Authors: Angelelli Claudia Viviana
Published: January 2016

Child-brokering (MediAzioni 2010) lies on the continuum of ad-hoc translation/interpreting. Using various field-specific lenses, from educational linguistics, cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, communication, and translation/interpreting studies, the case of bilingual youngsters and children who have interpreted for their families and immediate communities has been the focus of different studies (e.g. Bialystock & Hakuta 1999; Borrero 2006; Cline, Crafter and Prokopiou; Orellana 2003, Valdés, Chavez and Angelelli et al. 2000, Valdés, Chavez, Angelelli 2003) with different linguistic groups of various ages in different parts of the world. Focusing on Latinos who live on the US/Mexico border and using a mixed paradigm, in this study we analyze the ways in which Spanish/English bilinguals perceive, discuss and characterize their experiences as they continue to broker communication for their families and immediate communities. We focus on youngsters’ perceived agency and explanations of the relationship between child-language brokering and academic achievement. The findings reported here are part of a larger study that includes the adaptation of a valid and reliable instrument to measure bilingual youngsters’ perceptions about their role (Angelelli 2014 and 2015), its administration and results, and their recall during interviews. Since most/many of the public-service/community interpreters of today were interpreters in their late childhood and adolescence, understanding their life experiences and perceptions of their roles as family language brokers is important for interpreter educators (Angelelli 2010b). In addition, research on bilingual youngsters and children brokering communication for adults allows us to problematize the constructs of language access and language policies of the societies these bilinguals inhabit (Angelelli 2010a). The results have theoretical and practical implications for current conceptualizations of multilingual societies, border areas, community interpreting (interpreting in public services) and for teaching and testing of interpreters.
Litterfall and growth dynamics relationship with the meteorological variability in three forests in the Montseny natural park
Authors: Bou Jordi , Caritat Antònia , Vilar Lluís
Published: January 2016

We assessed the influence of some environmental conditions (temperature and rainfall) on the litterfall and BAI (basal area increment), in three close forests in the Montseny massif (NE part of the Iberian peninsula, Spain). Two of them are composed of deciduous species Fagus sylvatica and Quercus petraea, and the other one is a Mediterranean evergreen species, Quercus ilex. We have collected monthly data about litterfall and radial growth since 2007. For each forest there are tree plots, with litterfall traps and band dendrometers. This data has been related with the meteorological parameters of meteorological station closed to the study area. Our results show that F. sylvatica recorded the biggest drop in annual litterfall (6 Mg·ha−1·year−1), followed by Q. ilex (4.34 Mg·ha−1·year−1) and Quercus petraea (4.4 Mg·ha−1·year−1) and that all the values were similar to those observed in other forests and mountains with the same state of maturity. Regarding the litterfall, the investigation found a decline in the leaves fall in deciduous trees in years with hot summers. In addition, these warm summers produce a decline in the F. sylvatica BAI, but not in Q. petraea. Concerning growth, we found that Q. petraea increases the BAI on the study period while F. sylvatica does not. In conclusion, we believe that in the future Q. petraea will be more tolerant to the warm conditions than F. sylvatica, making the former a possible replacement of the second species.
Wyznaczenie stałych współczynników w ogólnym równaniu filtracji grawitacyjnej dla zawiesin węglowych
Authors: Piecuch Tadeusz , Czapiewski Paweł , Piekarski Jacek
Published: January 2016

Streszczenie

W powyższej publikacji, opisując badania o charakterze podstawowym, zaprezentowano jeden ze sposobów wyznaczenia stałych współczynników w filtracji grawitacyjnej, występujących w ogólnym równaniu filtracji (Piecuch 2009, 2010).

Wykonano badania laboratoryjne dotyczące filtracji grawitacyjnej, stosując jako zmienne: objętość nadawy (1 dm3; 1,5 dm3; 2 dm3), stopień jej zagęszczenia (10 g/dm3, 20 g/dm3, 30 g/dm3, 40 g/dm3) oraz napór średni słupa cieczy. Jako zanieczyszczenie nadawy użyto węgla kamiennego o klasie ziarnowej zawartej w granicach od 0,315 do 0,5 mm, która była większa od średnicy oczek na siatce filtracyjnej. Przy tak modelowanym doświadczeniu zagęszczenie filtratu było równe zero. Jest to ważne dla przeniesienia badań o charakterze podstawowym na badania o charakterze aplikacyjnym.

Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników sporządzono ich graficzne oraz tabelaryczne zestawienie. W pierwszej serii badań oraz obliczeń określono wartość stałej siatki filtracyjnej t', która rosła wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia filtracji. W drugiej serii badań oraz obliczeń określono wartość stałego współczynnika b, występującego w równaniu oporu osadu i w ogólnym równaniu filtracji (Piecuch 2009, 2010).

Stwierdzono, że wraz ze wzrostem zagęszczenia nadawy, wzrasta wartości stałego współczynnika filtracji grawitacyjnej określanego symbolem b, natomiast proces filtracji grawitacyjnej przebiega wolniej. Z wrócono uwagę, że dla przyjętego w obliczeniach układu jednostek SI, wartości obydwu wyznaczonych współczynników t' oraz b stanowią liczby wielocyfrowe o wartościach bardzo dużych (t') oraz bardzo małych ułamków (b). W tym odniesieniu obliczenia nie są łatwe.
Hebrew learning ideologies and the reconceptualization of American Judaism: Language debates in American Jewish schooling in the early 20th century
Authors: Avni Sharon
Published: January 2016

This article examines the ways in which Hebrew education was construed in the United States by tracing the Hebrew ideology debate of the early and mid-1900s, when dramatic changes were made to modernize Jewish schooling and its place within American society. Focusing on the Hebrew learning ideologies and educational philosophies of Samson Benderly and his followers, it examines how the