bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propósito de vida em adultos e idosos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Ribeiro Cristina Cristovão , Yassuda Mônica Sanches , Neri Anita Liberalesso
Published: June 2020

Resumo Propósito de vida (PV) é definido como o senso de que a vida tem sentido e intencionalidade, o qual desempenha papel orientador em relação às metas de vida e à tomada de decisões relativas ao uso dos recursos pessoais. Objetivos: reconhecer e analisar dados sobre PV e condições identificadas com bom envelhecimento ou com adaptação positiva no envelhecimento. Método: foi realizada revisão integrativa de publicações de periódicos com avaliação por pares, indexadas nas bases de dados PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo e Scielo/BVS/Lilacs, com os termos “purpose in life” and “aging” no título, sem restrição de datas. Resultados: foram selecionados 27 artigos, 22 dos quais conduzidos no âmbito de grandes estudos longitudinais prospectivos, 3 de corte transversal e 2 experimentais, que revelaram associações robustas entre alta pontuação em PV e redução do risco para mortalidade, Doença de Alzheimer, doenças coronarianas e cerebrovasculares, incapacidades e distúrbios de sono; alto PV e desfechos positivos em saúde, cognição, regulação emocional, bem-estar subjetivo e senso de ajustamento; PV como variável moderadora, ou recurso de resiliência, entre riscos e adversidades e boa adaptação. São dados úteis à investigação e à intervenção envolvendo idosos longevos e vulneráveis.
Padrões alimentares de idosos e seus determinantes: estudo de base populacional no sul do Brasil
Authors: Gomes Ana Paula , Bierhals Isabel Oliveira , Vieira Luna Strieder , Soares Ana Luiza Gonçalves , Flores Thaynã Ramos , Assunção Maria Cecília Formoso , Gonçalves Helen
Published: June 2020

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de fatores demográficos e socioeconômicos, de doenças crônicas e do recebimento de orientações em saúde no padrão alimentar de idosos. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por meio de questionário de frequência alimentar reduzido aplicado a 1.426 idosos residentes em Pelotas, RS, Brasil e os padrões alimentares foram obtidos por análise de componentes principais. Dois padrões foram identificados: saudável (alimentos integrais, frutas, legumes/verduras e leite) e ocidental (doces, frituras, alimentos congelados, embutidos e “fast food”). Mulheres, não fumantes e não dependentes alcoólicos aderiam mais ao padrão saudável, enquanto que homens, fumantes, dependentes alcóolicos e indivíduos com sobrepeso aderiam mais ao padrão ocidental. Maior renda e escolaridade estiveram associadas à maior adesão de ambos os padrões e a presença de doenças crônicas não esteve associada a nenhum padrão. O recebimento de orientações para hábitos saudáveis esteve associado à maior adesão ao padrão saudável e menor ao padrão ocidental. Há necessidade do fortalecimento de orientações eficazes sobre hábitos saudáveis nos serviços de saúde, com especial atenção para idosos do sexo masculino, tabagistas, dependentes alcoólicos e indivíduos com sobrepeso.
Análise bibliométrica das evidências científicas sobre violência contra a pessoa idosa
Authors: Moura Luana Kelle Batista , Azevedo Ulicélia Nascimento de , Wingerter Denise Guerra , Ferreira Maria Angela Fernandes , Maciel Maylla Pereira Rodrigues , Moura Raquel Pinheiro , Silva Amparo Maria da , Alves Maria do Socorro Costa Feitosa
Published: June 2020

Resumo O estudo tem como objeto as violências contra a pessoa idosa. Objetiva analisar a produção científica internacional sobre violência contra a pessoa idosa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliométrica realizada na base de dados “ISI Web of Knowledge/Web of Sciencetm”, na qual foram usados os termos de busca: “elder*, violence* ou abuse* e health care”, no recorte temporal entre os anos 1991 e 2016. Os dados foram analisados considerando a trajetória de evolução anual das publicações, os periódicos com maior quantidade de registros, os autores com maior quantidade de publicações, a quantidade de artigos distribuídos por país de origem dos autores e os artigos de maior impacto. Foram identificados 267 registros de publicação em 174 periódicos distintos indexados à base de dados em questão e foram escritos por 901 autores que possuem vínculos a 410 instituições, localizadas em 39 países. Na análise descritiva do conteúdo dos “top journals” da temática e dos artigos mais citados verificou-se potenciais para o desenvolvimento do tema visto que existe a necessidade de mais dados sobre intervenções em casos de violências contra a pessoa idosa, com abordagem multidisciplinar, bem como a realização de mais pesquisas sobre as manifestações clínicas, qualidade vida e seu impacto econômico na utilização dos serviços de saúde.
Propriedades Psicométricas da Versão Brasileira da Adolescent Health Promotion Scale (AHPS)
Authors: Guedes Dartagnan Pinto , Zuppa Marizete Arenhart
Published: June 2020

Resumo Os objetivos do estudo foram traduzir para o idioma português, realizar adaptação transcultural e verificar propriedades psicométricas da Adolescent Health Promotion Scale (AHPS) para uso em adolescentes brasileiros. Versão original foi traduzida de acordo com recomendações internacionais. Versão final da escala traduzida foi administrada em uma amostra de 1.949 adolescentes de ambos os sexos com idade entre 12 e 18 anos. Para identificar as propriedades psicométricas iniciais foi realizada análise fatorial exploratória e, na sequência, análise fatorial confirmatória. Após discretas modificações apontadas no processo de tradução, comitê de juízes considerou que a versão para o idioma português da AHPS apresentou equivalências semântica, idiomática, cultural e conceitual. Análise fatorial confirmou estrutura de seis subescalas originalmente proposta, mediante indicadores estatísticos equivalentes a χ2 /gl=1,83, CFI=0,948, GFI=0,969, AGFI=0,956 e RMSR=0,052. Validade fatorial e confiabilidade foram confirmadas mediante adequadas cargas fatoriais e desejáveis dimensões de confiabilidade composta (>0,7) e variância média extraída (>0,5). Concluindo, tradução, adaptação transcultural e propriedades psicométricas da AHPS foram satisfatórias, o que viabiliza sua aplicação em futuros estudos no Brasil.
Risk factors associated with mortality in young and long-lived older adults in Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Authors: Confortin Susana Cararo , Andrade Selma Regina de , Ono Lariane Mortean , Figueiró Thamara Hubler , d’Orsi Eleonora , Barbosa Aline Rodrigues
Published: June 2020

Abstract This article aims to investigate risk factors associated with mortality in young (< 80 years) and long-lived (≥ 80 years) older adults in Florianópolis. A longitudinal population-based study of 1702 older adults participants of the EpiFloripa Ageing Study. Deaths were identified through searches in the Mortality Information System. The probability of survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank methods. The effect of risk factors for mortality was evaluated using Cox Regression models, adjusted for gender, family income, leisure physical activity, depressive symptoms, functional disability, falls, smoking, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. The overall survival probability was 89.9% and 52.6% for the young and long-lived older adults, respectively. For younger older adults, the risk of death was higher for males, ex-smokers and those with moderate/severe disability. For the long-lived older adults, only those with depressive symptoms had a higher risk of death. These results reveal different risk profiles of death among younger and older adults and the need for a differentiated look in the health care of this population.
Treino de estimulação de memória e a funcionalidade do idoso sem comprometimento cognitivo: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Gomes Erika Carla Cavalcanti , Souza Sandra Lopes de , Marques Ana Paula de Oliveira , Leal Marcia Carrera Campos
Published: June 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é identificar as repercussões do efeito de estimulação de memória em idosos saudáveis. Revisão integrativa da literatura, de artigos publicados nos últimos sete anos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. A seleção foi realizada por meio de cruzamentos dos descritores: saúde do idoso, memória e cognição, nas bases de Lilacs, Medline e IBECS. Os critérios de inclusão foram: ser artigo original; responder a questão norteadora; ter disponibilidade eletrônica na forma de texto completo; ter como população de estudos idosos a partir de 60 anos sem diagnóstico de comprometimento cognitivo. Foram selecionados 12 artigos e identificado que o efeito de estimulação de memória em idosos sem comprometimento cognitivo pode melhorar no desempenho nas atividades avançadas, instrumentais e básicas de vida diária, nos componentes psicológicos, sociais e de qualidade de vida dos idosos. De acordo com a análise dos artigos é importante ressaltar a necessidade de mais estudos longitudinais e de intervenção com foco na estimulação cognitiva em idosos sem comprometimento cognitivo e que futuros estudos podem superar tais limitações através de pesquisas na área que visem um bom monitoramento e avaliações mais rigorosas, empenhadas em facilitar o desempenho cognitivo dos idosos nas atividades cotidianas.
Phenotypic matching in ovipositor size in the parasitoid Galeopsomyia sp. (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) attacking different gall inducers
Authors: Luz Fernando Albuquerque , Goetz Ana Paula Moraes , Mendonça Jr. Milton de Souza
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Parasitoid ovipositor size importantly affects host choice; those attacking exposed hosts usually have shorter ovipositors compared to those needing drilling deeper through substrates such as plant tissue and gall tissue. Most studies treat this theme at the interspecific level, and the aim of this work was to test for intraspecific variation and phenotypic matching in ovipositor size for Galeopsomyia sp. attacking galls. Galls were sampled from Guapira opposita(Nyctaginaceae), a host plant to five species of Bruggmannia gallers (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in southern Brazil: Bruggmannia elongata, B. robusta, B. acaudata, and two undescribed species of Bruggmannia (sp. 1 and sp. 2). On forest transects, all galls from the 30 first galled plants found were sampled and kept in sealed plastic bags until parasitoid emergence. A total of 15 samples were done along two years. We measured galler last instar larvae length and gall thickness for each galling species, and ovipositor length for all Galeopsomyia sp. individuals emerging from the galls. There were no differences in larval length among galler species. However, Bruggmannia sp. 1 and sp. 2 galls were significantly thicker than those of B. acaudata, and the latter thicker than both B. elongata and B. robusta galls. Wasp ovipositor size differed significantly between those coming from Bruggmannia sp. 1 and sp. 2 galls relative to all others. Host extended phenotype size is thus fundamental to determine parasitoid size, but in this case host (larval) size does not change among species, although gall thickness was different. Thicker galls were attacked by larger parasitoids with longer ovipositors, denoting phenotypic matching. Thicker galls appear to be selecting larger parasitoid individuals, which in the long run can lead to important evolutionary change as well.
Baixa riqueza zooplanctônica indicando condições adversas de seca e eutrofização em um reservatório no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Silva Caio O. , R. Junior Adjuto , Perbiche-Neves Gilmar , Pinheiro Allysson P. , Lacerda Sírleis R.
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Esse trabalho caracterizou o zooplâncton e as variáveis ambientais do reservatório Canoas (Assaré, Ceará, Brasil) através de oito coletas consecutivas mensais, durante um período de estiagem intensa. Amostras de zooplâncton foram coletadas com arrastos verticais de rede de plâncton de 50 µm em três pontos distribuídos longitudinalmente. Foram encontradas cinco espécies: Brachionus calicyflorus Pallas, 1938 (Brachionidae: Rotifera), Diaphanosoma spinulosum Herbst, 1967 (Sididae: Cladocera), Thermocyclops decipiens Kiefer, 1929 e T. inversus Kiefer, 1936 (Cyclopoida: Copepoda), e Notodiaptomus cearensis Wright, 1936 (Calanoida: Copepoda). Thermocyclops decipiens apresentou a maior abundância relativa, seguido de N. cearensis e B. calicyflorus. A variação espacial e temporal da comunidade zooplanctônica pode ser explicada pela maioria das variáveis ambientais associadas a N. cearensis e B. calicyflorus, enquanto T. decipiens não se associou a nenhuma delas. A baixa riqueza de espécies e a dominância de T. decipiens e B. calicyflorus podem ser reflexos da elevada condição trófica do reservatório, em período de estiagem intensa, e N. cearensis está associado também com essas condições mais adversas.
The lizard that never sleeps: activity of the pampa marked gecko Homonota uruguayensis
Authors: Vieira Renata C. , Verrastro Laura , Borges-Martins Márcio , Felappi Jéssica F.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT It is generally assumed that lizards are active whenever climatic conditions are favorable. Homonota uruguayensis (Vaz-Ferreira & Sierra de Soriano, 1961) is the only native gecko - and nocturnal lizard - living in the northern Pampa biome, and its ecology is poorly known. This study aimed at describing this species’ pattern of daily and annual activity and its relation with environmental temperatures. The study was conducted in the extreme south of Brazil (Rosário do Sul, State of Rio Grande do Sul), between May 2010 and January 2011 at a rocky outcrop located in the Pampa biome. The study was carried out in a total of four seasonal field trips, totalizing 1185 hours of field work. The data were collected, both during the day and the night in 6-hour shifts (duration of the sampling period). The area was randomly covered at each shift to record activity and microhabitat use by the lizards. In total 1541 specimens were recorded throughout the study. Homonota uruguayensis showed diurnal and nocturnal activity in the four seasons, with periods of daily activity varying significantly between all seasons in a cyclic and multimodal pattern, with no significant relation with environmental temperatures. There was no difference in activity related to sex and age classes. Most active lizards were found when air temperatures ranged from 14 °C to 32.9 °C (82% of active lizards) and substrate temperatures ranged from 10 °C to 32.9 °C (87% of active lizards).
A Teoria da Modernização aplica-se à América Latina? Um estudo do século XIX ao XXI
Authors: Lopes Thiago Henrique Carneiro Rios , Esperidião Fernanda , Castro Miguel Angel Rivera
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Introdução: Investigamos a relação entre desenvolvimento econômico, medido pelo PIB real per capita, e níveis de democracia dos países da América Latina de 1870 até 2010 testando empiricamente a hipótese de Seymour M. Lipset proposta em “Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political”, publicado em 1959 na The American Political Science Review. Materiais e Métodos: Estimou-se um modelo econométrico conhecido como probit ordenado. Dados sobre democracia foram obtidos a partir da mensuração feita pelo Polity IV. Para o PIB per capita foi utilizada a base de dados do Projeto Angus Maddison. As proxies para capital humano foram construídas por Morrisson e Murtin e estão descritas no artigo “The Century of Education” (2009). Resultados: A Teoria da Modernização é válida para os países com nível intermediário de democracia. Para esse conjunto de nações, notou-se também um efeito não linear; isto é, aqueles países mais pobres, quando diante de aumento do PIB per capita, têm maior probabilidade de apresentar um nível de democracia mais baixo. Porém, essa probabilidade se inverte à medida que o PIB per capita se expande. Discussão: O trabalho preenche simultaneamente três lacunas presentes nos trabalhos publicados sobre o tema: i) ao contrário da forma como a maioria deles usa a proxy para democracia, em nosso estudo ela não é uma variável binária; ii) o horizonte temporal é mais amplo, pois trabalhamos com dados desde o final do século XIX; e iii) a amplitude regional, posto que levamos em conta as particularidades da América Latina. Nossos resultados comprovam parcialmente a teoria da modernização nos países latino-americanos, além de identificar quais seriam os níveis de democracia mais prováveis diante de um nível de renda elevado.
Do different pedagogical conceptions result in different quality of life levels?
Authors: Ezequiel Oscarina da Silva , Paiva Bianca Sakamoto Ribeiro , Lucchetti Alessandra Lamas Granero , Paiva Carlos Eduardo , Moutinho Ivana Lúcia Damásio , Boni Robson Aparecido dos Santos , Lucchetti Giancarlo
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The present study aims to compare medical students’ quality of life (QoL) at two Brazilian institutions with different pedagogical conceptions. METHODS We studied students during the first four years of medical school at two institutions (one using active methodologies and small groups and the other using traditional lectures and large groups). We used a demographic questionnaire and the WHOQOL-BREF. RESULTS 820 medical students were included. No significant differences in quality of life were found in general, nor while evaluating the course phase, except for the physical WHOQOL, which was lower for 2nd-year students at the institution with traditional lectures, even when adjusted for gender. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that, despite having very distinct pedagogical conceptions and characteristics, there were no significant differences in medical students’ QoL scores between both institutions. These results are surprising and differ from our initial hypothesis, which expected better QoL for those using more active and student-centered methods.
Vitamin D serum levels and peripheral arterial disease among southern Brazilian adults
Authors: Bonatto Simone , Paniz Vera Maria Vieira , Dutra Clandio de Freitas , Henn Ruth Liane
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between low serum vitamin D levels and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). METHODS A cross-sectional study with a consecutive sample of 133 individuals from Caxias do Sul, Brasil. We considered PAD patients those with an ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤ 0.90 or with arterial revascularization. Vitamin D serum level was categorized as sufficient (≥30 ng/mL), insufficient (>20 to 29 ng/mL), and deficient (<20 ng/mL). Prevalence ratios (RP) were calculated through Poisson regression. RESULTS The prevalence of PAD was 50.7% (95% CI 42-59). After adjustment for potential PAD risk factors, RP were 1.08 (95% CI 0.66-1.76) for insufficient serum level and 1.57 (95% CI 0.96-2.57) for deficient vitamin D serum level; (p for trend = 0.020). CONCLUSION Vitamin D serum levels showed an inverse and significant dose-response relationship with PAD.
Overall survival predictors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with sorafenib
Authors: Ferreira Caroline Petersen da Costa , Ribeiro Mauricio Alves , Szutan Luiz Arnaldo
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY Malignant liver tumors are the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75-85% of these. Most patients are diagnosed at incurable stages. Palliative care is the appropriate treatment course in these circumstances (chemoembolization and sorafenib). There are few national studies on sorafenib. The objective is to evaluate survival predictors of HCC patients treated with sorafenib and evaluate the compliance of its indication in relation to BCLC recommendations. METHODS A total of 88 patients with an indication of sorafenib from 2010 to 2017 at the ISCMSP were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed in the search for predictors of survival. RESULTS The mean age was 61.2 years, 70.5% were men, most were classified as Child-Pugh A (69.3%), and BCLC C (94.3%). Cirrhosis was present in 84.6% and portal hypertension in 55.7%. Hepatitis C virus was the most common etiology (40.9%). Sixty-nine (78.4%) patients received the medication, with the average duration of treatment being 9.7 months. The mean overall survival was 16.8 months. Significant differences were observed in the multivariate analysis: ECOG PS (p = 0.024): Child-Pugh (p = 0.013), time of medication use (p <0.001), clinical worsening (p = 0.031) and portal thrombosis (p = 0.010). CONCLUSION Absence of portal thrombosis, Child-Pugh A, longer time of medication use, ECOG PS 0, and absence of suspension due to clinical worsening were predictors of better overall survival in the study. The drug’s indication complies with BCLC guidelines in 94% of patients.
Challenges on participation in a cooperative group of childhood renal tumors in Brasil
Authors: Viana Lucian S. , Silva Neimar de Paula , Balmant Nathalie V. , Faria Paulo A. , Santos Marceli O. , Reis Rejane S. , Camargo Beatriz de
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Children with renal tumors included in clinical trials have significantly better outcomes. In Brasil, the enrollment of patients in clinical trials remains challenging. Here we aimed to describe participation accrual in the Brazilian Wilms Tumor Study Group (BWTSG) and to identify barriers to trial registration of children with renal tumors. METHODS We determined the numbers of renal tumor diagnoses in 105 hospital-based cancer registries from 2001-2009. We then compared these totals with the numbers of renal tumor cases registered in the BWTSG from the same hospitals during the same time period. We also invited members of the Brazilian Pediatric Oncology Society to complete a 5-point Likert-type scale questionnaire regarding their opinions of the importance of participation in cooperative group trials. RESULTS The accrual rate of patient participation per hospital varied from 25% to 76%, and was highest in the South region. The accrual rate of hospital participation also varied according to the region (20-31%) and was highest in the Southeast region. For the questionnaire regarding the importance of participation in cooperative groups, the responses showed an agreement of >75% on 10 of the 13 statements. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated low accrual of participation in a cooperative group trial in Brasil. We identified variations in registration rates according to geographic region and hospital, which may help targeted efforts to increase registration rates. The survey responses demonstrated that colleagues understand the importance of trial participation.
Factors related to adherence to antiretroviral treatment in a specialized care facility
Authors: Velame Kamila Tessarolo , Silva Renata de Souza da , Cerutti Junior Crispim
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to verify the level of adherence to antiretroviral treatment and its associated factors. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on data retrieved from medical records. To achieve this, we used a questionnaire composed of sociodemographic and clinical information recorded from patients aged between thirteen and fifty-nine years who attended a specialized service from 2007 to 2014. The chi-square test was performed to verify the association of the outcome with the categorical variables. Continuous variables were compared through the Student t-test. Thirteen variables were analyzed in the bivariate model, resulting in the selection of the following variables to the multivariate model (p<0.20) age of discovery (p=0.12), age (p=0.14), skin color (p=0.12), level of education (p=0.03), time since HIV diagnosis (p<0.001) and AIDS case (p<0.001). Among the six variables selected for the multivariate model, cases of aids (p<0.001) remained significant. We concluded that having aids decreases the probability of non-adherence to antiretroviral treatment by 92%. These results indicate that symptomatic patients have better adherence to therapy.
Alcohol use, abuse and dependence among elderly in outpatient treatment through the application of AUDIT
Authors: Garcia Patrícia Cristina De Oliveira , Bassitt Débora Pastore , Pinto Fernando Campos Gomes
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To identify or use alcohol abuse and abuse in the IAMSPE elderly, through the application of AUDIT, socioeconomic characterization of the elderly, and problems associated with drinking and weight, if there is a relationship between depression and alcohol abuse. METHODS This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. One hundred elderly patients were interviewed to apply a socioeconomic form and to assess alcohol consumption from AUDIT. RESULTS correlation between alcohol consumption and female gender (p = 0.021). Most of the participants were between 60 and 79 years old, were female, had a partner, had completed elementary school, had income and selected house, were retired and unemployed. CONCLUSION In the present study, we found no correlation between alcohol abuse and depression; Only one correlation was found between male gender and higher alcohol abuse. However, a significant prevalence of moderate use of high alcohol was found (3.9% in women and 21.7% in men), i.e., it poses a risk to the health of the elderly.
More Doctors Program: health work process and socioeconomic indicators
Authors: Silveira Natércia Janine Dantas da , Freitas Yan Nogueira Leite de , Cortez Lyane Ramalho , Roncalli Angelo Giuseppe
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To analyze the working process of the professionals of the More Doctors Program and its relationship with socioeconomic indicators. It is a quantitative study, in which secondary data from supervision reports of PMM were used. The dependent variable was the quality of work processes in Primary Care facilities, and the independent ones were the type of municipality, education, Gini index, Primary Health Care investments, and health facilities coverage. Data were analyzed with multiple modeling based on Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS 16,000 doctors within 3816 municipalities were analyzed. Variables related to the working process the remained significant in the final model were the investments in Primary Health Care and the health facilities coverage. The results expressed the equity principle, as those municipalities with more vulnerable conditions and with higher coverage are prone to perform more activities in their working process. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of the More Doctors Program and hence the provision of doctors in deprived regions promoted the consolidation of three main aspects, namely the health working process, primary health care and equity, making it possible to carry out a health working process focused on PHC. This implies performing a greater number of activities that are inherent to PHC, which were not carried out due to the absence of doctors. The More Doctors Program fulfills its role in the combat of inequalities, particularly regarding more vulnerable municipalities.
Validation of the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill in Brasil
Authors: Campos Marcelo Esteves Chaves , Oliveira Marcelo Magaldi Ribeiro de , Assis Lilian Bambirra de , Reis Augusto Barbosa , Gonçalves Flávio Bambirra
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) tool into Brazilian Portuguese and to determine its reproducibility and validity in Brasil. METHODS A Brazilian Portuguese version of OSATS was created through a process of translation, back-translation, expert panel evaluation, pilot testing, and then its validation. For the construct and the concurrent validities, twelve participants were divided into a group of six experts and six novices, who had to perform tasks on a simulation model using human placentas. Each participant was filmed, and two blinded raters would then evaluate their performance using the traditional subjective method and then the Brazilian Portuguese version of OSATS. RESULTS The Brazilian Portuguese version of OSATS had the face, content, construct, and concurrent validities achieved. The average experts’ score and standard deviations were 34 and 0.894, respectively, for Judge 1 and 34.33 and 0.816 for Judge 2. In the case of novices, it was 13.33 and 2.388 for Judge 1 and 13.33 and 3.204 for Judge 2. The concordance between the judges was evident, with the Correlation Coefficient (Pearson) of 0.9944 with CI 95% between 0.9797 and 0.9985, with p < 10-10, evidencing the excellent reproducibility of the instrument. CONCLUSION This preliminary study suggests that the Brazilian Portuguese version of OSATS can reliably and validly assess surgical skills in Brasil.
Underutilization of insulin and better metabolic control. A NOVA clinic experience
Authors: Tamez-Pérez Héctor Eloy , Delgadillo-Esteban Enrique , Tamez-Peña Alejandra Lorena
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To present the results of metabolic control in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus from a private clinic in Northern Mexico, METHODS This cross-sectional study used retrospective data obtained from electronic records from a private outpatient clinic at the end of 2018. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of T2DM and age ≥ 18 years. Baseline characteristics (age, gender, drug use) were reported. The achievement of glycated hemoglobin goals was established as <7%. RESULTS A total of 3820 patients were evaluated. Their mean age was 59.86 years (+/-15.01). Of the population, 46.72% were men, and 53.28% were women. Glycated hemoglobin goals were adequate in 1872 (54%) patients. There were 3247 patients (85%) treated with oral medications, of which 1948 (60%) reported glycated hemoglobin less than 7%. Insulin use was reported in 573 (15%) patients, with 115 (20%) reporting glycated hemoglobin less than 7%. The most frequently used basal insulin was glargine in 401 (70%) patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are clearly higher than the control rate reported by our national health surveys of 25% with glycated hemoglobin < 7%, but similar to that reported in other countries. The most commonly used therapeutic scheme was the combination of oral hypoglycemic agents. The percentage of cases that include insulin in their treatment was lower. Clinical inertia to insulin initiation and intensification has been defined as an important cause of this problem.
Cardiac amyloidosis: non-invasive diagnosis
Authors: Hotta Viviane Tiemi , Giorgi Maria Clementina Pinto , Fernandes Fábio , Abduch Maria Cristina Donadio , Falcão Andréa Maria Gomes Marinho , Mady Charles
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY Cardiac amyloidosis is an infiltrative disease which requires a high degree of clinical suspicion for appropriate diagnosis. Early diagnosis and the definition of the type of amyloidosis play a key role in the early treatment and prognosis of this disease. In this context, the use of cardiac biomarkers such as troponins and NT-proBNT associated with analysis by multimodality imaging methods like echocardiographic techniques such as strain, nuclear medicine, and cardiovascular resonance imaging have an increasing role in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. This article details the role of non-invasive diagnostic methods in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.
Melatonin and organ transplantation: what is the relationship?
Authors: Haddad Carolina F. , Haddad Jorge M. , Veiga Eduardo Carvalho de Arruda , Sorpreso Isabel Cristina Esposito , Simões Ricardo Santos , Baracat Edmund Chada , Soares Júnior José Maria
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY Melatonin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can influence tissue growth and apoptosis. This aspect may influence the success of organ transplantation. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between melatonin and organ transplantation. METHODS A systematic review was performed in PubMed databases using the search terms: “melatonin physiology” or “melatonin therapy” and “transplant pharmacology” or “transplant physiology” or “transplant therapy” or “Transplant therapy”. Experiments on the organs of the reproductive system were not included. After analysis, five articles were selected after reading the title and abstract of 50 manuscripts. The works were divided into two aspects: a) analysis of the influence of the organ transplantation procedure on melatonin production; b) action of melatonin on organ transplantation. RESULTS The cardiac transplantation surgical procedure, immunosuppression, and graft did not influence melatonin secretion in rodents, but there was a significant reduction of melatonin in the renal transplantation procedure in patients with renal insufficiency. Melatonin administration in experimental models decreased rejection and improved transplant success. CONCLUSION Studies show that melatonin can reduce organ and species dependence, and the use of melatonin decreases graft rejection.
Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives concerning SARS-COV-2: a review article
Authors: Carvalho Arthur Ricardo Vilar Scavuzzi de , Cezarotti Filho Murilo Lobo , Azevedo Pedro Cavalcanti Pires de , Silveira Filho Robson Natario , Barbosa Fabiano Timbó , Rocha Thiago José Matos , Sousa-Rodrigues Célio Fernando de , Ramos Fernando Wagner da Silva
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY The present study aimed to review the epidemiology, clinical manifestation, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives related to COVID-19 infections. The following electronic databases were used searched: MEDLINE, SCIELO, and LILACS. It became clear that COVID-19 infections occur through exposure to the virus, and both the immunosuppressed and healthy population appear susceptible. The clinical course of COVID-19 is still not clear, although the SARS-CoV-2 infection seems to develop with mild, influenza-like symptoms in the vast majority of subjects, i.e., 10%–15% of COVID-19 patients. Since rRT-PCR tests serve as the gold standard method to confirm a SARS-CoV-2 infection, false-negative results could hinder the prevention and control of the epidemic, particularly considering the test plays a key role in the decision for continued isolated medical observation or discharge. Our findings also indicate that a radical increase in the identification and isolation of currently undocumented infections would be needed to fully control SARS-CoV2.
Timing factors as prognostic variables in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with adjuvant radiotherapy: a literature review
Authors: Franco Rejane , Marta Gustavo Nader
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Radiotherapy (RT) plays an important role in the treatment of patients with head and neck neoplasia, and is frequently used as postoperative adjuvant therapy. This study aimed to review the literature about timing factors that may influence the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced head and neck neoplasia treated with adjuvant RT. RESULTS Timing factors such as total treatment time, length of adjuvant RT, and the absence of interruptions during RT may influence the clinical outcome of these patients. CONCLUSIONS In the same way that certain tumor factors can affect the prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, some therapeutic timing factors are also prognostic factors and therefore, must be carefully orchestrated in order to avoid loss at therapeutic outcomes for these patients.
Aspects of the marital relationship that characterize secure and insecure attachment in men and women
Authors: COSTA Crístofer Batista da , MOSMANN Clarisse Pereira
Published: June 2020

Abstract The internalized attachment in childhood has consequences in the adult life, specifically in the marital life, which demands greater closeness, intimacy and interdependence. In this sense, it was analyzed whether the communication, marital adjustment, frequency, intensity and conflict resolution variables discriminate individuals with secure and insecure attachment in heterosexual relationships. It is a quantitative, descriptive and explanatory study. Data from 485 participants were collected in the south of Brazil through the following measures: Experience in Close Relationship, Marital Conflict Scale, Conflict Resolution Behavior Questionnaire, Communication Questionnaire and Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale. The results of the discriminant analysis indicated that the variables tested characterize secure or insecure attachment. Therefore, the type of attachment is a relevant resource in the assessment of individual and marital functioning. Psychotherapy interventions are discussed considering the relational bias of the attachment theory and the results observed in the scientific literature.
Construction and preliminary evidence of validity of the Scale of Perceived Threat from the Mentally Ill
Authors: MACIEL Silvana Carneiro , SOUZA Luana Elayne Cunha de , LIMA Tiago Jessé Souza de , SOUSA Patrícia Fonseca de , PEREIRA Cícero Roberto
Published: June 2020

Abstract The perception that mental patients represent a threat may support attitudes and behaviours of social exclusion and a contrary position to the precepts of the Psychiatric Reform. In this sense, this article has the objective of elaborating the Scale of Perceived Threat from the Mentally Ill and reporting the preliminary evidences of its factorial validity and internal consistence. For this purpose, two studies were performed: Study 1 performed an exploratory factor analysis composed of 244 university students aged 17 to 56 years old (M = 22.98; SD = 5.61); and study 2 performed a confirmation factor analysis from a sample of 247 university students aged between 17 and 51 years old (M = 23.08; SD = 5.75). The final scale was composed of nine items grouped into two factors: dangerousness and unpredictability, and presented good psychometric properties, being able to be used adequately to evaluate the perception of threat regarding the mentally Ill.
Experimental planning for conducting experiments with cucumber
Authors: Lúcio Alessandro Dal’Col , Lambrecht Darlei M , Sari Bruno G , Krysczun Dionatan K , Ubessi Cassiane
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT In order to be considered highly reliable (showing very accurate results), an experiment needs to be very well planned. Defining the experimental plot size and number of replicates is fundamental to control the experimental error at the beginning of the experiment. The aim of this study was to estimate the plot size and the number of replicates sufficient to perform experiments with Cucumis sativus. A uniformity trial was installed in the first week of January 2017. The spacing used was 0.3 m between plants and 1 m between rows, resulting in 12 plants in each of the 12 cultivation rows and each basic experimental unit was composed of one plant. The variables observed in 18 harvests were average fruit mass (MMF, in g), average fruit length (CMF, in cm) and average fruit diameter (DMF, in cm). The harvests were analyzed individually and grouped to reduce experimental variability. The number of replicates and the plot size were estimated using the method of maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation. The plot size and the number of replicates were influenced by the variability in the rows and between the harvests. We recommend plots consisting of four plants per cultivation row with six replicates for the minimum significant difference by Tukey’s test, expressed in 25% the means percentage.
Resistance sources to root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita and M. enterolobii in sweet potato
Authors: Carmona Paula Andrea O , Pinheiro Jadir B , Amaro Geovani Bernardo , Silva Giovani Olegario da , Peixoto José Ricardo , Cares Juvenil Enrique
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT One of the main obstacles for food production in many developing countries, as in Brazil, is the damage caused by root-knot nematodes, mainly those belonging to the genus Meloidogyne. This study aimed to assess the resistance levels of 44 sweet potato genotypes to M. javanica, M. incognita race 1 and M. enterolobii. These researches were carried out in 2014, under greenhouse conditions in Brasília-DF, Brazil. A completely randomized design with six replicates of one plant/plot/treatment was used. We determined the gall index (GI) and egg mass index (EMI) in the root system of each plant, the number of eggs and juveniles per gram of root with galls and the nematode reproduction factor. M. javanica was less aggressive and reproduced in only 9.09% of the evaluated genotypes; M. incognita race 1 was intermediate (47.73%); whereas M. enterolobii was more aggressive, with a population increase in 79.55% of the genotypes. The genotypes CNPH 1200, CNPH 1219, CNPH 1292, CNPH 1392, CNPH 60 and ‘Coquinho’ were the most resistant to the three species and can be used in breeding programs for multiple resistance to root-knot nematodes.
In vitro culture of jambu with different growth regulators
Authors: Almeida Susan P , Souza Joanne MM , Amorim Andredy MT , Gusmão Sérgio AL de , Souza Rodrigo ORM , Santos Alberdan S
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to establish the best concentrations of growth regulators for in vitro cultivation of jambu for a subsequent elaboration of an efficient micropropagation protocol. After sterilized, the seeds were inoculated on different media (MS, ½MS and water-agar) for in vitro germination. Nodal segments of in vitro germinated jambu seedlings were used as explants in the micropropagation with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.0; 0.125; 0.25; 0.50 and 0.75 mg L-1) and callus induction with 2.4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) (0.0; 0.25; 0.50; 0.75 and 1.0 mg L-1) on Murashige & Skoog’s (MS) medium. The highest germination rates were obtained on MS medium with better seedling development and greater height (3.7cm). In micropropagation, the best treatment was obtained on 0.125 BAP (T2), with an average of 2.2 sprouts/explant, average height of 2.4 cm and vigorous sprouts. In callus induction, all treatments with 2.4-D had developed friable calluses in 30 days and using doses of 0.25 and 0.50 mg L-1 provided greater fresh matter. The induction of friable callus and the root production occur without supplementation of exogenous growth regulator.
Postharvest durability of tomatoes with PVA covering
Authors: Candéo Manuella , Canteri Maria Helene G , Macedo Dayana Carla de , Kubaski Evaldo T , Tebcherani Sergio M
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Plastic packaging from petroleum derives used in the food industry represents serious environmental problems. Alternative solutions to these problems consist of the development of biodegradable packaging, such as films and edible coatings including the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). In this research we evaluated the effect of the PVA application by two different techniques aiming to increase shelf life of ripe tomatoes, cultivar Carmen. The methodology of this study consisted in covering tomatoes with a PVA solution and also with PVA impregnated tracing paper. The different fruit lots were kept in polystyrene trays for 19 days on a laboratory bench at a controlled temperature of 25±3ºC. The fruit analyzes were compared to the control fruits without any treatment, being evaluated firmness, pH, titratable total acidity, mass loss, total soluble solids content, water activity and color determination of fruit surface. Among the different treatments, the PVA coating applied directly to the fruits contributed to control the firmness and the mass loss, as well as this treatment influenced the total soluble solids content, the luminosity and the red color of fruits with statistical difference compared to the control and covered with tracing paper (with or without PVA). The PVA coating solution applied directly on the fruits contributed to maintain the postharvest quality of the ripe tomatoes.
Potato production affected by fertilization methods, masses of seed tubers and water regimes
Authors: Viana Jonathan dos S , Palaretti Luiz Fabiano , Faria Rogério T de , Delgado Yago V , Dalri Alexandre B , Barbosa José de A
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Increasing potato yield while saving natural resources is a challenge for all those involved in the potato production chain. A field experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of different levels of fertilization, mass of seed tubers and the water regime on the production of potato cv. Orchestra. We tested fertilization methods (F1= conventional fertilization; F2= fertigation according to the rate of absorption by the crop; F3= fertigation split into 3 applications), seed tuber mass (ST1= <50 g; ST2= >50 g), and water regimes [WR1= 50%; WR2= 100% replacement of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)]. The study was conducted using a split-plot randomized block design, with fertilizers in the plot and seed tuber mass in the subplot, with six replications. The highest tuber yields (48.18 t ha-1) and greatest potatoes (43.67 t ha-1) were obtained in the treatment F2 and for seed tuber masses >50 g (48.61 and 42.78 t ha-1) under 100% ETc water regime. However, for plants subjected to 50% ETc, the factors fertilization and seed tuber mass caused no difference in tuber yield (P>0.05). The highest water use efficiency (39.82 kg m-3 of water) was found under WR of 50% ETc for seed tuber masses >50 g. The highest cover ratio was obtained with tubers under 100% ETc being 89 days the cycle duration. The fertilization method and seed tuber mass that positively influenced the studied variables were fertigation according to the culture absorption rate and seed tuber masses >50 g for both water conditions (100% and 50% ETc).
Inoculation of diazotrophic bacteria in chicory
Authors: Braulio Caliane da S , Nóbrega Rafaela SA , Silva Luís Cláudio V , Correia Andreza de J , Sousa Cheila BC de , Pereira Elisângela G
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Inoculating crops with diazotrophic bacteria constitutes a feasible biotechnological tool to reduce or even avoid the use of nitrogen fertilizers and to improve the nutritional status of crops. However, the potential use of such technology is limited due to the lack of studies in diverse vegetable crops. We evaluated the production of chicory (Cichorium intybus) in response to inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria in two soil classes. The experiments were performed under greenhouse conditions and under a completely randomized design. The treatments were constituted by strains UFRB FA34C2-2, UFLA 03-84 and INPA 0311B, and two control treatments (devoid of bacterial inoculation and with and without nitrogen fertilization). Two experiments were carried out, one using a soil classified as a dystrophic yellow Latosol (Oxisoil) and one using a Quartsandy Neosol (Typic Quartzipsamment). Chlorophylls a, b and total; plant height; number of leaves; dry mass of the aerial portion; dry mass of roots; total dry mass; effectiveness; efficiency in addition to N and P gathering in the aerial portion, were evaluated 60 days after seeding. The inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria resulted in adequate production when compared to the control treatment without nitrogen fertilization and without inoculation. Diazotrophic bacteria showed potential supplying nitrogen to chicory plants and spare the use of nitrogen fertilization in both soil classes. The strain INPA 0311B, recommended for cowpea, promoted vegetal growth and increased the dry weight of the aerial portion in chicory, under both dystrophic yellow Latosol (Oxisoil) and Neossolo Quartzarênico (Typic Quartzipsamment), when cultivated under greenhouse conditions.