bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbon Footprint and Its Composition: A Comparison between Domestic and International Tourists to Chenzhou City, China
Authors: Xiao Qiong , Zhong Yongde , Deng Jinyang
Published: March 2023

This study aims to provide a scientific basis to address the strategies for sustainable development of urban tourism industry. By using the Life Cycle Assessment method, it decomposes tourism activities into seven different functional units (different tourism activities)-transportation, catering, accommodation, sightseeing, shopping, entertainment and waste disposal-based on the expression of services provided by tourism activities, and determine the boundary range of each different functional unit in terms of the pathways and the functional orientation of the products (resources and energy) provided by the services of each functional unit. A “bottom-up” model is then constructed to measure the carbon footprint of tourism. Based on data collected from various sources for the period 2014–2019, it compares the composition and differences of domestic and international tourists’ carbon footprints in Chenzhou City, one of inland mountainous regions of central China, through several steps, including target and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact evaluation and life cycle interpretation. Results show that domestic tourists contributed more than 90% of the total annual carbon footprints to the city, ranging from 76.8809 × 106 kg to 194.6067 × 106 kg. Transportation is the dominant category, accounting for over 80% of the total carbon footprints. The study suggests that optimizing tourism resources, reducing transportation distances, and switching to low-carbon modes can effectively reduce the tourism carbon footprints in Chenzhou and similar regions. This study reveals the structural characteristics of the tourism carbon footprint and its influencing factors and provides valuable insights for policy development involving energy saving and low carbon tourism, thus enhancing the long-term sustainability of tourism development in an urban tourism destination like Chenzhou.
Personality Traits and Types of Housing Recovery after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
Authors: Honda Akio , Sato Shosuke , Sugiura Motoaki , Abe Tsuneyuki , Imamura Fumihiko
Published: March 2023

The Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami struck the northeastern coastal area of Japan on 11 March 2011, resulting in the relocation of 329,000 households and the repair of 572,000 houses. Previous studies predominantly addressed the impact of demographic factors on housing recovery. However, the types of housing recoveries and the impact of individual psycho-behavioral factors have been poorly addressed. This study examined the impact of survivors’ demographic and personality-trait factors using a discriminant analysis of five types of housing recovery among 573 survivors in the five years after the disaster. The results revealed two important axes. One axis discriminated self-procured (rebuilt, repaired, and chartered housing) houses from those that were publicly available (emergency temporary and public disaster housing) affected by three personality traits (stubbornness, problem-solving, and active well-being) and survivors’ age. The other axis represented rebuilt houses affected by household size. These results demonstrate that personality traits and not just demographic factors impact three types of self-procured housing recoveries. Further exploration of personality traits that impact housing recovery can improve post-disaster reconstruction and recovery practices.
Occurrence, Distribution, Damage Potential, and Farmers’ Perception on Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith): Evidence from the Eastern Himalayan Region
Authors: Singh Satyapriya , Raghuraman Mahadevan , Keerthi Manikyanahalli Chandrashekara , Das Anup , Kar Saswat Kumar , Das Biswajit , Devi Hidangmayum Lembisana , Sunani Sunil Kumar , Sahoo Manas Ranjan , Casini Ryan , Elansary Hosam O. , Acharya Gobinda Chandra
Published: March 2023

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is a polyphagous non-native pest identified as a serious threat to crop production and food security globally, including in India. Its unintentional introduction and quick coverage in large areas is a serious concern to millions of farmers in the eastern Himalayan region. However, detailed understanding of farmers’ perceptions and the biological attributes associated with the meteorological factors for FAW is limited. The present investigation, which aimed to create baseline data on this pest, concurs with the idea that the FAW is widely dispersed throughout the maize ecosystems of Tripura, with an average infestation rate of 21.33 percent. The severity ranged from 0 to 1.40, with an average leaf damage score of 1 on a 0–4 categorical scale. The findings indicate that pheromone trap catch was significantly correlated with the evaporation rate as other meteorological factors influenced variably. The biological attributes imply that the life cycle was completed in 32.82 ± 0.08 days, with a high fecundity potential (1068.57 ± 4.35 numbers) in controlled conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 5% RH). Indigenous natural enemies, such as entomopathogens, spiders, and wasps, were found to be the first defence against this invasive pest. A minority of the population (17.51%) was aware of the incidence of FAW. Furthermore, respondents’ socio-demographic variables were associated significantly with FAW status. This is the first scientific report from the eastern Himalayan region about farmers’ knowledge and awareness of the invasiveness of FAW. This finding enumerates a detailed understanding of FAW from diverse perspectives. Further, the concerted data provide an important baseline that could help the development of holistic management strategies for FAW.
Research on the Impact of Digital Economy on Manufacturing Total Factor Productivity
Authors: Chang Jiaqi , Lan Qingxin , Tang Wan , Chen Hailong , Liu Jun , Duan Yunpeng
Published: March 2023

This paper empirically tests the impact mechanism of digital economy development on manufacturing total factor productivity, using data from Chinese manufacturing enterprises from 2011 to 2020, and based on the theoretical framework of the impact of digital economy development on manufacturing total factor productivity. The development of the digital economy has been found to have a significant positive impact on the total factor productivity of the manufacturing industry. The heterogeneity effect demonstrates that the digital economy in coastal areas has a significant effect on the improvement of manufacturing total factor productivity, with the eastern coastal area having the strongest effect; the digital economy in the Yellow River’s middle reaches, the Yangtze River’s middle reaches, and the southwest also having a significant effect, with the effect in the southwest region being more significant; and the digital economy in the northwest and northeast having no effect. Possible reasons include larger bottlenecks in the western region’s labor force structure, technology level, and management capabilities, which may lead to the inability of enterprises to effectively absorb the dividends of digital change and apply the scenarios, thus affecting the release of their productivity effects.
Walking for Sustainable Cities: Factors Affecting Users’ Willingness to Walk
Authors: Distefano Natalia , Leonardi Salvatore , Liotta Nilda Georgina
Published: March 2023

In the context of urban sustainability, promoting pedestrian travel is fundamental. Residents’ needs are critical to creating truly pedestrian-friendly streets. The objective of this study was to answer the following questions: What aspects most increase the willingness of citizens to walk? Is the extent to which these aspects are prioritized related to the context in which citizens move on a daily basis? Two linked surveys, conducted through the institutional website of the Department of Civil Engineering and Architectural of the University of Catania, allowed the inclusion of more than 1000 respondents residing in the metropolitan areas of eastern Sicily. The large database was first reduced using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and then statistically processed using Path Analysis. Thus, it was found that in the residential areas of the respondents that were not very “pedestrian friendly”, the macro factors of “safety”, “comfort”, and “quality” of pedestrian infrastructures were equally desirable for citizens to adapt to the existing pedestrian routes and thus promote walking. On the other hand, the “attractiveness” of the urban environment as a whole was a non-statistically significant variable for residents’ decision to walk. These results are not valid for every urban context, but the method used is generalizable and applicable in any urban setting. If the quality, safety, and comfort of pedestrian infrastructure results are important, urban planning should prioritize the provision of safe and accessible sidewalks, crosswalks, and pedestrian streets. Furthermore, if the attractiveness of a neighborhood result is significant, urban design and planning should go beyond functional requirements and also focus on creating a vibrant and livable urban environment.
What Drives Profit Income in Mexico’s Main Banks? Evidence Using Machine Learning
Authors: González-Rossano Carlos , Terán-Bustamante Antonia , Velázquez-Salazar Marisol , Martínez-Velasco Antonieta
Published: March 2023

Historically, the banking system has been critical to the development of economies by addressing funds efficiently—from customer savings and investors to the productive activities of people and companies, financing consumer goods and current expenses, housing, infrastructure projects and providing liquidity to the market. However, it must be transformed to respond to emerging demands in society for better financial products and services with a positive impact on living conditions and well-being. To achieve this, banks must create economic value—that is to say, banks should create profits in a sustained manner—in order to also create social value and thus generate shared value. The purpose of this study was twofold. The first aim was to identify the main factors that contributed to the majority of Mexican banking profits in the period from 2003 to 2021; the second aim of the study was to provide an innovative metric of banking performance. Using supervised machine learning algorithms and Principal Component Analysis, two prediction models were tested, and two banking performance indices were defined. The findings show that Random Forest is a reliable profit prediction model with a lower mean absolute error between the predicted yearly profit and losses and the actual data. There are no significant ranking position differences between the two performance indices. The first performance index obtained is novel due to its simplicity, since it is built on the basis of five values associated with commercial banking activity. In Mexico, no similar studies have been published. The indicator most widely used by regulators worldwide is the CAMELS index, which is a weighted average of the capital adequacy level, asset quality, management capacity, profitability, liquidity, and sensitivity to market risk. Its scale of 1 to 5 is useful for identifying the robustness and solvency of a bank, but not necessarily its capacity to generate profits. This approach might encourage banks to remain aware of their potential to create shared value and to develop competitive strategies to increase benefits for stakeholders.
Examining the Role of Innovative Streets in Enhancing Urban Mobility and Livability for Sustainable Urban Transition: A Review
Authors: Rui Jin , Othengrafen Frank
Published: March 2023

As an essential component of urban public spaces, urban streets play a crucial role in shaping cities and promoting urban sustainability. This article focuses on innovative streets as a catalyst for sustainable urban transition. It reviews the theoretical discussions, and empirical evidence on innovative planning approaches for urban streets. For that purpose, measures related to innovative streets are divided into two broad categories: urban mobility and urban livability. The results indicate that integrating smart street facilities with the Internet of Things (IoT), adopting a combination of grid and radial street networks, and fostering a safe street environment are vital in promoting urban mobility. Conversely, a walkable, rideable, and human-oriented street environment enhances social interaction and urban livability. The street’s dual function as a commuting and social space highlights the interplay between rising mobility and intensive street usage, leading to competition for street space. To mitigate these conflicts and advance sustainable urban transitions, enhancing street safety, reducing disparities in planning and user behavior, and accommodating the needs of all street users is crucial. Overall, the evidence supports the contribution of streets to sustainable urban transition.
The Impact of Digital Marketing Innovation on Firm Performance: Mediation by Marketing Capability and Moderation by Firm Size
Authors: Jung Sang-Uk , Shegai Valeriia
Published: March 2023

Digital marketing innovation plays an important role in a company’s performance. Since this concept is quite new, there are not many empirical studies on the impact of marketing innovations. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of digital marketing innovation on firm performance, consider the mediation effect of marketing capability on the impact of digital marketing capability on firm performance and explore the potential moderating effect of firm size on the mediation effect. Using KOSPI and KOSDAQ data and a linear moderated mediation estimation, we found that digital marketing innovation on firm performance through marketing capability has significant direct and indirect effects, with indirect effects greater than direct effects. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed in this article.
Kernel Estimation of the Extropy Function under α-Mixing Dependent Data
Authors: Maya Radhakumari , Irshad Muhammed Rasheed , Bakouch Hassan , Krishnakumar Archana , Qarmalah Najla
Published: March 2023

Shannon developed the idea of entropy in 1948, which relates to the measure of uncertainty associated with a random variable X. The contribution of the extropy function as a dual complement of entropy is one of the key modern results based on Shannon’s work. In order to develop the inferential aspects of the extropy function, this paper proposes a non-parametric kernel type estimator as a new method of measuring uncertainty. Here, the observations are exhibiting α-mixing dependence. Asymptotic properties of the estimator are proved under appropriate regularity conditions. For comparison’s sake, a simple non-parametric estimator is proposed, and in this respect, the performance of the estimator is investigated using a Monte Carlo simulation study based on mean-squared error and using two real-life data.
How to Measure Stress in Smart and Intelligent Manufacturing Systems: A Systematic Review
Authors: Blandino Graziana
Published: March 2023

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has introduced innovative technologies to manufacturing, resulting in digital production systems with consequences on workers’ roles and well-being. From the literature emerges the necessity to delve into the work-related stress phenomenon since it affects workers’ health status and performance and companies’ productivity. This review summarises the stress indicators and other influential factors in order to contribute to a stress assessment of human workers in smart and intelligent manufacturing systems. The PRISMA methodology is adopted to select studies consistent with the aim of the study. The analysis reviews objective measurements, such as physical, physiological, and subjective measurements, usually driven by a psychological perspective. In addition, experimental protocols and environmental and demographic variables that influence stress are illustrated. However, the investigation of stress indicators combined with other factors leads to more reliable and effective results. Finally, it is discovered that standards regarding stress indicators and research variables investigated by experimental studies are lacking. In addition, it is revealed that environmental and demographic variables, which may reveal significant suggestions for stress investigation, are rather neglected. This review provides a theorical summary of stress indicators for advanced manufacturing systems and highlights gaps to inspire future studies. Moreover, it provides practical guidelines to analyse other factors that may influence stress evaluation.
Trading Risk Spillover Mechanism of Rare Earth in China: New Perspective Based on Time-Varying Connectedness Approach
Authors: Ye Rendao , Gong Jincheng , Xia Xinting
Published: March 2023

Our research contributes a new point of view on China’s rare earth dynamic risk spillover measurement; this was performed by combining complex network and multivariate nonlinear Granger causality to construct the time-varying connectedness complex network and analyze the formation mechanism using the impulse response. First, our empirical research found that for the dynamic characteristics of China’s rare earth market, due to instability, uncertainty, and geopolitical decisions, disruption can be captured well by the TVP-VAR-SV model. Second, except for praseodymium, oxides are all risk takers and are more affected by the impact of other assets, which means that the composite index and catalysts are main sources of risk spillovers in China’s rare earth trading complex network system. Third, from the perspective of macroeconomic variables, there are significant multivariate nonlinear impacts on the total connectedness index of China’s rare earth market, and they exhibit asymmetric shock characteristics. These findings indicate that the overall linkage of the risk contagion in China’s rare earth trading market is strong. Strengthening the interconnections among the rare earth assets is of important practical significance. Empirical results also provide policy recommendations for establishing trading risk protection measures under macro-prudential supervision. Especially for investors and regulators, rare earth oxides are important assets for risk mitigation. When rare earth systemic trading risk occur, the allocation of oxide rare earth assets can hedge part of the trading risk.
Surface Engineering Design of Nano FeS@Stenotrophomonas sp. by Ultrasonic Chemical Method for Efficient U(VI) and Th(IV) Extraction
Authors: Hu Zhongqiang , Zhou Zhongkui , Guo Jianping , Liu Yong , Yang Shunjing , Guo Yadan , Wang Liping , Sun Zhanxue , Yang Zhihui
Published: March 2023

Nano-FeS has great potential for use in the management of radioactive contaminants. In this paper, we prepared a FeS@Stenotrophomonas sp. composite material by ultrasonic chemistry, and it showed excellent removal of uranium and thorium from the solution. Through optimization of the experimental conditions, it was found that the maximum adsorption capacities for uranium and thorium reached 481.9 and 407.5 mg/g for a composite made with a synthetic ratio of 1:1, pH 5 and 3.5, respectively, for U and Th, and sonication for 20 min. Compared with those of FeS or Stenotrophomonas alone, the removal capacity was greatly improved. The results of a mechanistic study indicated that efficient removal of the uranium and thorium was due to ion exchange, reduction, and microbial surface adsorption. FeS@Stenotrophomonas sp. could be applied to U(VI) and Th(IV) extraction for radioactive water.
Prostate Cancer: Advances in Genetic Testing and Clinical Implications
Authors: Abdelrazek Ahmad S. , Ghoniem Khaled , Ahmed Mohamed E. , Joshi Vidhu , Mahmoud Ahmed M. , Saeed Nader , Khater Nazih , Elsharkawy Mohammed S. , Gamal Ahmed , Kwon Eugene , Kendi Ayse Tuba
Published: March 2023

The demand for genetic testing (GT) for prostate cancer (PCa) is expanding, but there is limited knowledge about the genetic counseling (GC) needs of men. A strong-to-moderate inherited genetic predisposition causes approximately 5–20% of prostate cancer (PCa). In men with prostate cancer, germline testing may benefit the patient by informing treatment options, and if a mutation is noticed, it may also guide screening for other cancers and have family implications for cascade genetic testing (testing of close relatives for the same germline mutation). Relatives with the same germline mutations may be eligible for early cancer detection strategies and preventive measures. Cascade family testing can be favorable for family members, but it is currently unutilized, and strategies to overcome obstacles like knowledge deficiency, family communication, lack of access to genetic services, and testing expenses are needed. In this review, we will look at the genetic factors that have been linked to prostate cancer, as well as the role of genetic counseling and testing in the early detection of advanced prostate cancer.
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Sartori Pauline , Egloff Charles , Hcini Najeh , Vauloup Fellous Christelle , Périllaud-Dubois Claire , Picone Olivier , Pomar Léo
Published: March 2023

Cytomegalovirus infection is the most common congenital infection, affecting about 1% of births worldwide. Several primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies are already available during the prenatal period to help mitigate the immediate and long-term consequences of this infection. In this review, we aim to present and assess the efficacy of these strategies, including educating pregnant women and women of childbearing age on their knowledge of hygiene measures, development of vaccines, screening for cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy (systematic versus targeted), prenatal diagnosis and prognostic assessments, and preventive and curative treatments in utero.
Statistical Analysis of the Performance of Local Veterinary Laboratories in Molecular Detection (rRT-PCR) of Avian Influenza Virus via National Proficiency Testing Performed during 2020–2022
Authors: An Se-Hee , Heo Gyeong-Beom , Kang Yong-Myung , Sagong Mingeun , Kim Na-Yeong , Lee Youn-Jeong , Lee Kwang-Nyeong
Published: March 2023

For the early detection of avian influenza virus (AIV), molecular diagnostic methods such as real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) are the first choice in terms of accuracy and speed in many countries. A laboratory’s capability to perform this diagnostic method needs to be measured through external and independent assessment to ensure that the method is validated within the laboratory and in interlaboratory comparison. The Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency of Korea has implemented five rounds of proficiency testing (PT) for rRT-PCR targeting local veterinary service laboratories involved in the AIV national surveillance program from 2020 to 2022. In each round, a portion composed of six or more samples was selected from the entire PT panel consisting of H5, H7, and H9 viruses isolated in Korea and distributed to each participant, and at least one pair of samples was commonly included in each panel for interlaboratory comparison. During the five rounds of PT, a few incorrect and outlying results were detected that required immediate inspection or corrective actions. However, in the quantitative measurement of Ct values, the average standard deviation or coefficient of variation decreased as multiple PT rounds progressed, and a positive correlation between consecutive rounds of PT was observed since 2021. The better consistency or stability in the experimental performance appeared to contribute to the more harmonized results in the latest PTs, and it is assumed that the positive reaction of participants to the challenges of quantitative assessment reports showing their status intuitively might work. We need to continue operating the PT program for local laboratories because they play crucial roles at the front line of the national avian influenza surveillance program, and frequent changes in the human resources or environment for diagnosis in those laboratories are inevitable.
Canine Distemper Virus Alters Defense Responses in an Ex Vivo Model of Pulmonary Infection
Authors: Chludzinski Elisa , Ciurkiewicz Małgorzata , Stoff Melanie , Klemens Johanna , Krüger Johannes , Shin Dai-Lun , Herrler Georg , Beineke Andreas
Published: March 2023

Canine distemper virus (CDV), belonging to the genus Morbillivirus, is a highly contagious pathogen. It is infectious in a wide range of host species, including domestic and wildlife carnivores, and causes severe systemic disease with involvement of the respiratory tract. In the present study, canine precision-cut lung slices (PCLSs) were infected with CDV (strain R252) to investigate temporospatial viral loads, cell tropism, ciliary activity, and local immune responses during early infection ex vivo. Progressive viral replication was observed during the infection period in histiocytic and, to a lesser extent, epithelial cells. CDV-infected cells were predominantly located within the bronchial subepithelial tissue. Ciliary activity was reduced in CDV-infected PCLSs, while viability remained unchanged when compared to controls. MHC-II expression was increased in the bronchial epithelium on day three postinfection. Elevated levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β) were observed in CDV-infected PCLSs on day one postinfection. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that PCLSs are permissive for CDV. The model reveals an impaired ciliary function and an anti-inflammatory cytokine response, potentially fostering viral replication in the lung during the early phase of canine distemper.
Description of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli and Their Dissemination Mechanisms on Dairy Farms
Authors: Massé Jonathan , Vanier Ghyslaine , Fairbrother John M. , de Lagarde Maud , Arsenault Julie , Francoz David , Dufour Simon , Archambault Marie
Published: March 2023

Despite its importance in veterinary medicine, there is little information about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its transmission in dairy cattle. The aim of this work is to compare AMR phenotypes and genotypes in resistant Escherichia coli and to determine how the resistance genes spread among the E. coli population on dairy farms in Québec, Canada. From an existing culture collection of E. coli isolated from dairy manure, a convenient selection of the most resistant isolates (a high level of multidrug resistance or resistance to broad-spectrum β-lactams or fluoroquinolones) was analyzed (n = 118). An AMR phenotype profile was obtained for each isolate. Whole genome sequencing was used to determine the presence of resistance genes, point mutations, and mobile genetic elements. In addition, a subset of isolates from 86 farms was taken to investigate the phylogenetic relationship and geographic distribution of the isolates. The average agreement between AMR phenotypes and genotypes was 95%. A third-generation cephalosporin resistance gene (blaCTX-M-15), a resistance gene conferring reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (qnrS1), and an insertion sequence (ISKpn19) were detected in the vicinity of each other on the genome. These genes were harbored in one triplet of clonal isolates from three farms located >100 km apart. Our study reveals the dissemination of resistant E. coli clones between dairy farms. Furthermore, these clones are resistant to broad-spectrum β-lactam and fluoroquinolone antimicrobials.
Spotlight on Feline Oncology
Authors: van der Weyden Louise
Published: March 2023

Cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in felines, with the majority of tumours (53–85% cases) being diagnosed as malignant [...]
Quantitative Study on Improved Budyko-Based Separation of Climate and Ecological Restoration of Runoff and Sediment Yield in Nandong Underground River System
Authors: Liu Peng , Jiang Zhongcheng , Li Yanqing , Lan Funing , Sun Yingjie , Yue Xiangfei
Published: March 2023

Serious soil and water loss affects the economy and the living quality of the population in faulted basins. Since 2002, China has carried out large-scale ecological restoration projects in karst areas. However, the karst faulted basins have experienced complex climatic changes, which makes it difficult to assess the ecological restoration effects quantitatively. Using the improved Budyko model, basin factor (n) and sediment content factor (C) were divided into climate influence and ecological restoration influence by second-order approximation, and the change ratio of climate influence and ecological restoration on sediment yield and loss was quantitatively calculated in the representative basin of the Nandong Underground River System (NURS). This was carried out in order to effectively distinguish the effects of climate change and ecological restoration on runoff and sediment change in the NURS. Furthermore, this study sought to understand the mechanism of runoff and sediment change and to evaluate the ecological restoration in the faulted basin to provide a scientific basis for the next stage of soil and water conservation policy formulation. The results showed that: (1) Using Pettitt to test the abrupt change of water and sediment in the NURS from 1987 to 2018, we found that 2002 was the abrupt change year of water and sediment in the basin. Before and after the mutation, the runoff and sediment yield decreased significantly, with the change rates of −15.5% and −51.8%, respectively. The decrease in precipitation and the increase in E0 were not significant, which were −4.5% and 1.4% respectively. (2) By calculating the correlation coefficient and the double logarithm function, it was found that the maximum temperature is the main climatic factor affecting the underlying surface factor n, and precipitation is the main climatic factor affecting the sediment concentration c. (3) Climate change reduced runoff by 77.6%. Ecological restoration has reduced sediment by 51.3 percent. The sensitivity of runoff to maximum temperature was 3.61. The sensitivity of grain yield to precipitation and NDVI was 5.37 and 3.26, respectively. The results show that climate is the main factor of runoff reduction, and ecological restoration is the main factor of sediment reduction. Ecological restoration has greatly reduced sediment production, and ecological engineering has made remarkable progress. However, the reduction of runoff caused by climate change should be paid more attention. The results of these studies will help to better formulate land use management policies for soil and water conservation.
Effect of Sulfur Autotrophic Denitrification Sludge on the Start-Up Characteristics of Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation
Authors: Fu Kunming , Zeng Zhixue , Huang Shaowei
Published: March 2023

In this study, we used a two-stage experiment in order to investigate the effect of the inoculation with elemental sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification (S0-SADN) sludge on the start-up characteristics of Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX). In the first stage, we attempted direct enrichment with an elemental sulfur and pyrite filler in a S0-SADN reactor, which retained stable operation, and adjusted the nitrogen source components of the influent at different times. In the second stage, we replaced the original filler with Kaldnes filler, and set the influent component to be divided into NH4+-N and NO2−-N. The ANAMMOX process could not be started in the 80-day S0-SADN stage despite the 0.8% abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia; however, after changing the original filler, the reactor showed obvious ANAMMOX reaction characteristics after day 44, and under the condition of an influent TIN load of 0.36 kg(m3·d)−1, the reactor TIN removal rate was stable at more than 80% after day 55. The main ANAMMOX bacteria in the reactor were Candidatus Brocadia (1.08%) and Candidatus Kuenenia (0.96%). The results show that it is feasible to initiate the ANAMMOX process by inoculating the S0-SADN sludge; however, it is not suitable to start the ANAMMOX and the stable operation of the S0-SADN simultaneously. The ANAMMOX process can be started first under the condition of no sulfur source, which takes little time. After initiating the ANAMMOX process, the coupling S0-SADN process can be re-considered given an excessive accumulation of S0-SADN bacteria in the system.
Valuing Free-Flowing Rivers: The Influence of Social Value on Willingness to Pay for Ecosystem Services Protection
Authors: Cortés-Espino Aurora , Langle-Flores Alfonso , Gauna Ruíz de León Carlos
Published: March 2023

Free-flowing rivers (FFRs) provide valuable ecosystem services to society, but the construction of dams threatens to negatively impact many of these ecosystems worldwide by 2050. Economic valuation of FFRs can be an effective tool to make informed decisions about water resources management. Valuation of FFRs can be achieved through techniques such as contingent valuation in situations where markets do not exist. To better understand the influence of sociodemographic factors and social values on the willingness to pay (WTP) for the conservation of an FFR in western Mexico, we conducted a face-to-face survey with 179 residents from two localities—one upstream and the other downstream. We used a generalized linear model (GLM) to determine which of the independent variables were significantly correlated with WTP. Our results indicated that age, gender, education, and socioeconomic level have a slight impact on WTP, but we found differences in river valuation between the two localities. We observed that perceived values including future value, life-sustaining, recreation, and economic value exerted a stronger influence on WTP. These findings emphasize the need to integrate local residents’ holistic valuation of FFR into decision-making processes to protect these ecosystems for future generations.
Climate Change Impact on Groundwater-Based Livelihood in Soan River Basin of Pakistan (South Asia) Based on the Perception of Local Farmers
Authors: Ahmad Bashir , Nadeem Muhammad Umer , Liu Tie , Asif Muhammad , Rizvi Filza Fatima , Kamran Ali , Virk Zeeshan Tahir , Jamil Muhammad Khalid , Mustafa Naveed , Saeed Salar , Abbas Akhtar
Published: March 2023

Based on the perceptions of the local farmers, this study aims to assess the effects of socioeconomic factors and climatic change on the groundwater livelihood system, with a particular focus on in situ Persian wheels/dug wells. Farmers’ perceptions of climate change and how it is affecting their way of life in the Soan River Basin have also been evaluated to determine the most appropriate adaptive interventions. Information and literature about dug wells was unavailable, which stressed the need to carry out this survey. A structured close-ended questionnaire was designed and administered with as much quantitative data as possible. Random sampling opted for a 5 km buffer zone across the Soan River and its tributaries. Union councils having more than 50% of their area lying in the buffer zone were surveyed, and data was collected. Fifty UCs fell within this criterion, and six dug wells from each Union Council were surveyed. The results of our survey collecting local farmer’s perceptions determined that about 70% of respondents agreed about climate change in the Soan Basin of Pakistan, and 62% of farmers reported that climate change severely impacted their livelihood by affecting agricultural productivity and water availability. Ninety-two percent reported summer becoming hot, 72% highlighted that winters are becoming less cold, and 96% reported that average annual rainfall has decreased compared to 10 years before. About 72% of respondents indicated that available water in their dug wells had decreased, and 80% of respondents explained that their crop yield had decreased compared to 10 years before. Sixty percent preferred drip and 35% sprinkler irrigation as efficient water management practices to cope with water shortages. Ninety-five percent of farmers were ready to use solar pumps for irrigation to tame high pumping costs. The study recommends integrating solar pumping with drip and sprinkler irrigation systems to enhance farmers’ cropped area and productivity. These vulnerable farmers can enhance their resilience and profitability by adopting high-value agriculture (tunnel farming, off-season vegetables, etc.) instead of conventional crops.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND ELEMENTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University, Oleg Igorevich Maksimychev , Konstantin Nikolaevich Mezentsev ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University, Alexandra Vladimirovna Volosova ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University
Published: March 2023

The article conducts information on modeling the process of forming a flock of agents representing drones or vehicles. As a modeling environment, the NetLogo simulation program is used. An algorithm for the formation of a pack is considered by allocating an agent of a leader among agents, the position of which in space is a guideline for agents included in the flock. The process of the formation of the flock is shown using the final UML machines.
SMALL SHIPMENTS DELIVERY OF GOODS USING A MULTI-AGENT APPROACH
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University, Dmitry Borisovich Efimenko , Vasily Alexandrovich Demin ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University, Daria Andreevna Komkova ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University, Victoria Darabovna Gerami ,   HSE University
Published: March 2023

This article discusses the problems of delivery of small shipments from manufacturers. The problems of flexibility of the modern logistics system, which must be constantly adjusted for high-quality and effective satisfaction of consumer demand, are considered. To increase the flexibility of the system, the authors suggest using pooling technology, considering its advantages and disadvantages in modern conditions. However, the use of this technology involves the use of information systems, to create a single information field and avoid human error factors, the authors suggest using a multi-agent approach. In the article, the authors give a classification of agents in the system and the main characteristics of their behavior in interaction with each other. In this article, the authors propose a classification of constraints that agents should take into account when interacting and choosing the optimal solution. Mathematical problems that a multi–agent system should solve when solving the task - small shipments delivery - are also presented and structured.
DESIGNING THE AUTOMOTIVE BRAND’S LOYALTY PROGRAM
Authors:   Orel State University, Victoria Vladimirovna Vasilyeva , Oleg Anatolievich Ivanov ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2023

this article discusses the features of increasing the level of customer loyalty at the enterprises of the automotive industry through the introduction of a loyalty program. A possible model of a loyalty program applicable to enterprises in the automotive industry - a network of dealerships of an automobile brand - is presented.
CALCULATION OF RELIABILITY INDICATORS OF THE REAR AXLE OF A BUS UNDER CONDITIONS OF FUZZY FORMALIZATION OF FAILURE PARAMETERS
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Vladimir Ivanovich Sarbaev , Andrey Georgievich Gusev ,   Moscow Polytechnic University
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the issues of constructing a rear axle reliability scheme. On the basis of statistical analysis, estimates of the parameters of the Weibull reliability model for individual axle nodes are obtained, which are the basis for calculating rear axle reliability schemes. For the main nodes that are used in the reliability scheme, the proximity to the Rayleigh model is shown, which is used as the base model. The article proposes an approach for calculating the reliability of a bridge based on the use of fuzzy sets. It is assumed that the parameters of reliability models represent fuzzy numbers. To calculate the scheme on the basis of classical methods, transformations of the membership functions of the parameters of the reliability models of parts are obtained. As a result, reliability indicators such as the probability of failure-free operation, the probability of failure, and others are also fuzzy numbers or fuzzy functions.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE OPERATION OF ALLOCATED LANES FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT BASED ON GPS-TRACKERS OF ROLLING STOCK ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT
Authors:   ITMO University, Elena Vasilyevna Kirillova , Elena Viktorovna Budrina ,   ITMO University
Published: March 2023

The work of dedicated lanes of St. Petersburg is considered. To determine the efficiency of lanes for public transport, an algorithm based on GPS trackers of on-board equipment of rolling stock has been developed. To calculate the indicators of speed and time by coordinates, a formula for spherical distance is proposed, which is used in the theorem of spherical cosines. The results obtained were confirmed by natural studies and simulation modeling. The algorithm can be used both for functioning VP and for those being designed. The implementation of the developed al-gorithm will save the city budget due to low cost and labor costs.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONDITIONS FOR THE PLACEMENT OF STOPPING POINTS ON THE BACKBONE NETWORK OF THE LARGEST SYMBIOTIC CITY
Authors:   Belarusian National Technical University, Denis Vasilyevich Kapsky , Sergey Uladzimirovich Skirkousky ,   Belarusian National Technical University, Yuiwey Lu ,   Belarusian National Technical University
Published: March 2023

. A modern city is an extremely complex, self-developing organism trying to make its transport system more sustainable, in particular, by developing plans for sustainable urban mobility, improving transport and logistics, and many other aspects. The article deals with the placement of stopping points of route passenger transport and accidents, which allows us to assess the issues of transformation of approaches to transport planning of the route passenger transport network and the organization of urban traffic. The corresponding proposals on the choice of the location of stopping points, as well as their arrangement in the intersection zones are given.
SECTORAL METHOD OF IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF ROUTE PASSENGER TRANSPORT
Authors:   Belarusian National Technical University, Sergey Sergeevich Semchenkov , Denis Vasilyevich Kapsky ,   Higher Attestation Commissionof the Republic of Belarus, Alexey Olegovich Lobashov ,   Belarusian National Technical University
Published: March 2023

. The key to success in ensuring sustainable mobility of the population is the reliable operation of route passenger transport (RPT). One of the indicators of the effectiveness of the RPT is the amount of passenger transportation costs. The greatest contribution to these costs is made drivers' wages, which generates interest in improving the efficiency of using their working hours. To reduce the level of unproductive costs on the basis of the proposed model, a spectral method has been developed, presented in the article.
THE USE OF DIGITAL AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF CAR SERVICE COMPANIES
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University, Alla Sergeevna Semykina , Nikolay Alexandrovich Zagorodny ,   Belgorod State Technological University, Alexey Alexandrovich Konev ,   Belgorod State Technological University, Nikolay Anatolyevich Shchetinin ,   Belgorod State Technological University
Published: March 2023

The work considers the issue of using digital and information technologies at car service enterprises. An analysis of possible measures to improve the efficiency of automotive service enterprises through the introduction of digital and information technologies was carried out. It has been established that the use of digital systems in the process of maintenance and repair reduces the document flow of the enterprise, reduces the time for processing documents and transferring information between employees, increases the level of automation of processes and minimizes the number of errors that occur, which generally increases the efficiency of car services.
Analisis Kinerja Kualitas Jaringan 4G LTE Di Kawasan Perumahan Singgalang, Koto Tangah, Kota Padang
Authors: Rahmat Fauzi Aditia
Published: March 2023

Teknologi seluler yang paling banyak digunakan saat ini adalah 4G LTE. Dalam perkembangan teknologi 4G LTE, masih banyak ditemukan permasalahan terkait kinerja jaringan akibat meningkatnya jumlah pengguna serta kualitas coverage area yang kurang baik. Dari penelitian-penelitian terdahulu hanya melakukan pengecekan kualitas jaringan tanpa melakukan analisis perbaikan lebih lanjut. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan analisis kinerja kualitas jaringan serta melakukan analisis perbaikan jaringan pada area tersebut. Untuk mengetahui kualitas jaringan perlu dilakukan pengambilan data di lapangan, metode yang digunakan adalah metode Drive Test. Dari hasil drive test didapatkan 60,85% dari 411 sampel berada pada kategori buruk, sehingga menyebabkan banyak titik area mengalami bad spot. Pada area tersebut bad spot terjadi karena adanya interferensi antara Site PAD018ML_Ganting Tabing dengan Site PAD192ML_Kuala Niur, serta jarak Site PAD018ML_Ganting Tabing dengan User Equipment cukup jauh serta tidak adanya servingan cell dari site terdekat pada area tersebut. Dengan begitu mengakibatkan beberapa area mengalami kualitas jaringan yang buruk. Dari analisis perbaikan area dilakukan re-azimuth untuk memperbaiki kualitas jaringan yang buruk.
Analisis Power Link Budget Pada Rancangan Jaringan Wireless Outdoor Menggunakan ISP Design Center Studi Kasus Desa Kutanagara Garut
Authors: Hidayat M. Reza , Fauzian Tubagus Indra Maulana , Alimudin Erna , Yuliana Hajiar
Published: March 2023

Salah satu permasalahan jaringan internet di pedesaan adalah sulitnya menyambungkan internet yang berbasis kabel dikarenakan jarak terlalu jauh, jaringan internet berbasis nirkabel/wireless dapat menjadi solusi alternatif dari permasalahan tersebut, oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian analisis perhitungan Power Link Budget pada perencanaan jaringan internet wireless outdoor Desa Kutanagara Garut. Pengujian dilakukan metode perhitungan Power Link Budget dan simulasi menggunakan aplikasi ISP Design Center Ubiquiti dengan perangkat pemancar LiteAP GPS dan perangkat penerima NanoBeam 5AC. Perencanaan jaringan dibuat menggunakan sistem Point to Point (PTP) pada pita frekuensi 5725 MHz tepatnya di 5725 MHz Sub Band NII-3. Parameter yang diuji adalah SOM (EIRP, margin signal), free space loss (FSL), fresnel zone clearance (FZC), daerah cakupan, kekuatan sinyal yang didapat dan kapasitas kecepatan internet. Hasil dari perhitungan dan konfigurasi menunjukan nilai EIRP pengirim 36 dBm, EIRP penerima 36 dbm, bandwidth maksimum 20 MHz, Fresnel zone clearance 3,4 m dan kekuatan sinyal yang diterima -49 dBm. Hasil tersebut sudah memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan oleh KOMINFO dan dapat dibuat rancangan jaringannya. Hasil dari simulasi jaringan menunjukan rancangan jaringan internet sudah mencakup seluruh daerah Desa Kutanagara Garut dengan perkiraan sinyal yang didapat adalah -49 dBm, dengan margin sinyal sebesar 46,2 dB yang sudah memenuhi standar dari TIPHON dengan klasifikasi jaringan termasuk dalam kategori outstanding (sangat bagus) dan memiliki kapasitas maksimum internet 147 Mbps terdiri dari 74 Mbps kecepatan download dan 74 Mbps kecepatan upload