bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Coastal Reclamation Success in the East China Coast by Using Plant Species Composition
Authors: Xu Caiyao , Wang Xiaohan , Pu Lijie , Kong Fanbin , Li Bowei
Published: April 2022

Quantitative analysis of the species composition and succession law of a plant community in a coastal reclamation area is of great significance for revealing the community construction and species coexistence mechanisms, and provides a basis for the rational use and conservation in coastal reclamation areas. Through the investigation of natural plant communities in Dongtai reclamation area and the adjacent national nature reserves in Jiangsu Province, eastern China, the composition and succession of plant communities were studied. A quantitative method was explored to analyze the process of plant succession and its representative species. The results showed that (1) A total of 65 species were found in the vegetation survey. These belonged to 26 families and 61 genera, and Poaceae is the most common plant species. The plant communities in the unreclaimed areas were mainly composed of Poaceae and Cyperaceae. The plant species increased after reclamation, which were mainly composed of Poaceae and Asteraceae; (2) The plant coverage greatly reduced after three years of reclamation, from 80% of the tidal flat to 37.34%, then gradually increased, and remained generally between 50% and 70%; (3) The above-ground biomass of the plant community was sharply reduced after reclamation, from 1.823 kg/m2 in the tidal flat to 0.321 kg/m2 in three years of reclamation, and then maintained at 0.11~0.27 kg/m2; (4)The species succession process of the plant community in the coastal wetland ecosystem that was affected by the reclamation activities transformed from a halophyte community that was dominated by a salt marsh plant community (Suaeda salsa, Spartina alterniflora, Scirpus mariqueter, and Phragmites australis) to a mesophyte plant community that was constructed with pioneer species such as Setaria viridis, Eleusine indica, etc., and eventually succeeded to a xerophyte plant community that was dominated by Humulus scandens and Cyperus difformis, etc. Reclamation activities have a profound impact on the characteristics and succession rules of natural vegetation communities along coastal wetland ecosystems. The period of seven years is presumed to be the tipping point in the succession of the plant community in coastal reclamation areas. The results of this study can provide a basis and reference for ecological protection and restoration in coastal reclamation areas.
Evaluation of a Chongqing Industrial Zone Transformation Based on Sustainable Development
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Cao Yuehao , Tang Mingfang , Yu Enyi , Zhang Yiqun , Wu Gang
Published: April 2022

With rapid urban expansion and the increasing demand of industrial development, the existing industrial zones require transformation and upgrading to achieve the sustainable development of society, economy, and environment. The green transformation of industrial zones lacks overall theoretical guidance and a systematic evaluation system. This research aims at developing effective methods to integrate the elements of existing industrial zones within the same framework for the purpose of optimizing the sustainability of the whole system. In this study, the connotation of a composite ecosystem in existing industrial zones was analyzed using the theory of sustainable development, and an evaluation model of existing industrial zone was constructed. Taking the green transformation of Chongqing Gepai Wire and Cable Co., Ltd. as an example, the sustainability of land, architecture, industry, ecology, landscape, culture, and other elements has been fully considered in the transformation process. Through the evaluation results, it can be seen that the sustainability of all aspects of the industrial zone have been effectively improved, which is 16% to 40% higher than that before the transformation. The research results illustrate that, in the process of the green transformation of industrial zones, using interdisciplinary methods to select indicators and dynamically evaluate the sustainable development of industrial zones can systematically and comprehensively consider the elements of industrial zones and promote the role of various majors in the transformation of industrial zones.
Land-Use Changes and Socioeconomic Conditions of Communities along the Carajás Railroad in Eastern Amazonia
Authors: Cristo Laís de Andrade , Santos Marco Aurélio , Matlaba Valente José
Published: April 2022

Studies on communities along railroads are relevant because of the impacts of operations on their socioeconomic and environmental conditions. The objective of this paper was to examine 32 communities affected by the Carajas railroad between 2010 and 2017. The socioeconomic and environmental dimensions involved an examination of 17 indicators and a qualitative analysis of Google Earth images, respectively. We applied appropriate statistical tests for data analysis. The results showed that urban communities have better socioeconomic conditions (higher incomes and less poverty) than rural ones; and that those in Maranhão are in a less sustainable situation (poor socioeconomic indicators and significant changes in land cover). The communities near the railroad showed higher variation in socio-environmental conditions. We conclude that socioeconomic and satellite images data analysis can help increase the resilience and sustainability of communities in risk situations. The latter include people with few financial resources, poor housing conditions, and living in areas with significant land cover changes because they provide fundamental data and information that can guide action through the formulation and execution of public policies or decision-making by other agents, such as private companies. Therefore, policymakers, managers, and other stakeholders should focus on community-scale deficiencies, especially in identified priority communities.
Study on Crack Classification Criterion and Failure Evaluation Index of Red Sandstone Based on Acoustic Emission Parameter Analysis
Authors: Li Jiashen , Lian Shuailong , Huang Yansen , Wang Chaolin
Published: April 2022

The acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of rock during loading can reflect the law of crack propagation and evolution in the rock. In order to study the fracture mode in the process of rock fracture, the AE characteristics and crack types of red sandstone during fracture were investigated by conducting Brazilian indirect tensile tests (BITT), direct shear tests (DST), and uniaxial compression tests (UCT). The evolution law of AE event rate, RA and AF values, and the distribution law of RA–AF data of red sandstone samples in three test types were analyzed. Based on the kernel density estimation (KDE) function and the coupling AE parameters (RA–AF values) in DST and BITT, the relatively objective dividing line for classifying tensile and shear cracks was discussed, and the dividing line was applied to the analysis of fracture source evolution and the failure precursor of red sandstone. The results show that the dividing line for classifying tensile and shear cracks of red sandstone is AF = 93RA + 75. Under uniaxial compression loading, the fracture source of red sandstone is primarily shear source in the initial phase of loading and tensile source in the critical failure phase, and the number is far greater than shear source. K = AF/(93RA + 75) can be defined as the AE parameter index, and its coefficient of variation CV (k) can be used as the failure judgment index of red sandstone. When CV (k) < 1, it can be considered that red sandstone enters the instability failure phase.
Entrepreneurial Orientation, Organizational Culture and Business Performance in SMEs: Evidence from Emerging Economy
Authors: Arabeche Zina , Soudani Ahlem , Brahmi Mohsen , Aldieri Luigi , Vinci Concetto Paolo , Abdelli Mohammed El Amine
Published: April 2022

The study objective is to empirically examine the mediating role of organizational culture on entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and business performance relationships in Algerian manufacturing SMEs. A sample of 180 Algerian Small medium enterprise (SME) owners/managers was collected for the year 2021 by using structured questionnaires. This study has contributed to the existing theory by evaluating the mediating role of Organizational Culture (OC) by using interaction effect in partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results have supported the hypothesized direct and mediate relationship: Entrepreneurial Orientation has the highest effect on the Organizational culture. On the other hand, Entrepreneurial Orientation has a medium influence on business performance. In addition, Organizational culture has a medium influence on business performance. Additionally, Entrepreneurial orientation and organizational culture together explain 50.2% of the variances for the business performance construct. On the other hand, 38.9% of the variances are explained by the entrepreneurial orientation for the organizational culture construct. Their relationship receives considerable scholarly attention in the literature, but few studies have been conducted among Algerian manufacturing SMEs. Hence, this investigation’s purpose is to add to the research in the newer context of Algeria. Thus, this study was an attempt to bridge this gap in the literature. This study can be used to supplement existing theories on organizational culture and small-business performance. This paper discovers an excellent link between entrepreneurial orientation and small and medium enterprise performance, with organizational culture as a partial mediating factor. This research also has significant implications for academics and practitioners to understand better entrepreneurial orientation, organizational culture perspectives, and organizational performance. The conclusions have been empirically intended to help SME authorities and future academics understand the function of entrepreneurial orientation and culture in improving the organizational performance of SMEs, particularly in North Africa.
Sustainable Leadership in Microfinance: A Pathway for Sustainable Initiatives in Micro and Small Businesses?
Authors: Ranabahu Nadeera , Wickramasinghe Ananda
Published: April 2022

Microfinance is used to enhance micro and small enterprise start-up and growth in developing countries. Although there is some discussion of how microfinance institutional activities lead to their own sustainability in the extant literature, the same cannot be said of the ways in which microfinance institutions shape the sustainability agendas of micro and small enterprises (MSEs). In this paper, we conceptualise and explain the way that joint liability lending in microfinance shapes the sustainability of micro and small enterprises owned by borrowers. Using sustainable leadership as a theoretical foundation, we conceptualise the strategic, operational, and community-level leadership functions associated with joint liability and construct a framework. Based on the conceptual framework, we also develop propositions and explain them using an illustrative case study. Our conceptual work reveals that leadership tasks at strategic, operational, and community levels influence MSEs’ sustainability. Our conceptual framework, propositions, and illustrative case evidence contribute to theory and practice by highlighting that joint liability mechanisms are a possible pathway for MFIs to facilitate sustainable initiatives in micro and small enterprises.
Autonomous Vehicles for Enhancing Expressway Capacity: A Dynamic Perspective
Authors: Liu Cong-Jian , Wang Fang-Kai , Wang Zhuang-Zhuang , Wang Tao , Jiang Ze-Hao
Published: April 2022

With rapidly developing communication and autonomous-driving technology, traffic flow on road networks will change from homogeneous human-driven vehicle (HDV) traffic flow to heterogeneous mixed traffic flow (MTF) comprising HDVs, autonomous vehicles (AVs), and connective-and-autonomous vehicles (CAVs). To understand the changes in the MTF of transportation engineering, we investigated the reserved capacity (RC) and right-of-way (ROW) reallocation policy that should be utilized under MTF scenarios. We established an MTF-based theoretical model to calculate the expressway segment capacity, theoretically analyzed the influence of the market penetration rate (MPR) on capacity and validated the model through numerical analysis. The results showed that the MPR of AVs and CAVs can enhance the MTF RC that is within 0–200% and that the platooning rate of CAVs positively influences the MTF RC. CAV popularization does not necessarily lead to a rapid increase in the transportation system efficiency when the MPR is <40% but significantly improves the efficiency of existing urban transportation facilities. When the MPR is >40%, the greatest enhancement is 4800 pcu/h/lane in terms of RC. A ROW reallocation policy that equips CAV-dedicated lanes according to the MPR of AVs and CAVs can enhance the capacity of expressway systems by 500 pcu/h/lane in terms of RC.
Trusted Blockchain-Driven IoT Security Consensus Mechanism
Authors: Wang Chuansheng , Tan Xuecheng , Yao Cuiyou , Gu Feng , Shi Fulei , Cao Haiqing
Published: April 2022

Single point of failure and node attack tend to cause instability in the centralized Internet of Things (IoT). Combined with blockchain technology, the deficiency of traditional IoT architecture can be effectively alleviated. However, the existing blockchain consensus mechanism still has the problems of forks and wasting of computing power. Therefore, this paper proposes a new framework based on a two-stage credit calculation to handle these problems. Notably, the nodes are selected through the model, and these nodes will compete on the chain according to the behavior of participating in the creation of the block. Then, a comparative simulation with the existing consensus mechanism proof of work (PoW) is presented. The results show that the proposed framework can quickly eliminate malicious nodes, maintain the overall security of the blockchain and reduce consensus delay.
Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Podocyst Recycling of the Edible Jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum (Kishinouye, 1891)
Authors: Sun Ming , Chen Fudi , Duan Yan , Sun Jianming
Published: April 2022

As one of the edible jellyfish species, Rhopilema esculentum (Kishinouye, 1891) is a traditional fishery resource and an important economic aquaculture species in China. However, facing the current situation of natural resources exhaustion and problems of breeding population frequent disease, quantity, and quality of seedlings in artificial breeding cannot satisfy the market demand. Temperature and salinity have been considered to play crucial roles in regulating R. esculentum asexual reproduction. This study examined the combined effects by exposing post-preserved R. esculentum podocysts (preserved at 2 ± 1 °C for more than 12 months) to three variable temperatures (simulated temperatures increasing from different starting dates of 14.5 °C on 1 April, 18 °C on 1 May, and 23.2 °C on 1 July, respective to natural levels) and three salinities (20, 25, and 30). Podocyst excystment, the start time of strobilation, duration of strobilation, and cumulative ephyra numbers were tested for 45 days and transfer rates from podocysts to ephyrae were analyzed to assess the most optimal combination of temperature and salinity. The results showed that podocyst excystment and ephyrae production occurred in all treatments. Higher temperature and lower salinity significantly facilitated the podocyst excystment and accelerated the start time of strobilation (p < 0.05). Significantly greater ephyra numbers were produced with lower salinity (20 and 25) and temperatures increasing from 18 °C on 1 May to natural levels (p < 0.05). There were significant interactions between temperature and salinity on the cumulative ephyra numbers and transfer rates from podocysts to ephyrae (p < 0.05). These results suggested that R. esculentum podocysts for long-term preservation at low temperature could be recycled. Temperature and salinity regulation can affect the number and time of R. esculentum seedlings to achieve high production and satisfy the market demand for real-time seedling supply. This conclusion would provide a scientific basis for the innovative methods of sustainable utilization of the edible jellyfish (R. esculentum) resources.
Hilbert Space Structure of the Low Energy Sector of U(N) Quantum Hall Ferromagnets and Their Classical Limit
Authors: Calixto Manuel , Mayorgas Alberto , Guerrero Julio
Published: April 2022

Using the Lieb–Mattis ordering theorem of electronic energy levels, we identify the Hilbert space of the low energy sector of U(N) quantum Hall/Heisenberg ferromagnets at filling factor M for L Landau/lattice sites with the carrier space of irreducible representations of U(N) described by rectangular Young tableaux of M rows and L columns, and associated with Grassmannian phase spaces U(N)/U(M)×U(N−M). We embed this N-component fermion mixture in Fock space through a Schwinger–Jordan (boson and fermion) representation of U(N)-spin operators. We provide different realizations of basis vectors using Young diagrams, Gelfand–Tsetlin patterns and Fock states (for an electron/flux occupation number in the fermionic/bosonic representation). U(N)-spin operator matrix elements in the Gelfand–Tsetlin basis are explicitly given. Coherent state excitations above the ground state are computed and labeled by complex (N−M)×M matrix points Z on the Grassmannian phase space. They adopt the form of a U(N) displaced/rotated highest-weight vector, or a multinomial Bose–Einstein condensate in the flux occupation number representation. Replacing U(N)-spin operators by their expectation values in a Grassmannian coherent state allows for a semi-classical treatment of the low energy (long wavelength) U(N)-spin-wave coherent excitations (skyrmions) of U(N) quantum Hall ferromagnets in terms of Grasmannian nonlinear sigma models.
Investigation on the Formation and Evolution Mechanism of Flow-Resistance-Increasing Vortex of Aero-Engine Labyrinth Based on Entropy Generation Analysis
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Ding Shuiting , Shao Longtao , Zhao Shuai , Qiu Tian , Zhou Yu , Zhang Xiaozhe , Li Guo
Published: April 2022

Labyrinth seals are widely employed in the air system of aircraft engines since they reduce the leakages occurring between blades and shrouds, which affect the entropy generation significantly. Excessive leakage flow of the labyrinth may be reduced the efficiency and performance of the engine. This paper proposes the concept of flow-resistance-increasing vortex (FRIV) on the top of the labyrinth that is based on the flow entropy generation mechanism of the stepped labyrinth and the main flow characteristics that lead to entropy generation. A three-dimensional simulation model of the labyrinth structure was established, and the model was compared and verified with the experimental data of the reference. The relative dissipation strength and vorticity distribution of the FRIV were theoretically analyzed. It was confirmed that the dissipative intensity distribution was the same as the vorticity distribution, and the correlation coefficient was larger in the labyrinth tip region. Therefore, a parametric study was conducted on design parameters related to the FRIV, including the teeth inclined angle, tooth crest width, step inclined angle, and other parameters. The results are beneficial for the construction of a stronger FRIV to reduce the leakage. This research is of great significance for the improvement of engine efficiency and for the reduction of fuel consumption in the future.
Competence-Based Skill Functions and Minimal Sets of Skills
Authors: He Zhaorong , Sun Wen
Published: April 2022

As we know, there is some relationship, such as precedence relation, among skills. Each precedence relation induces a competence structure. Thus, we study competence-based skill functions, which rely on competence structures and go from somethings observable to somethings invisible. Conversely, competence-based problem functions go from somethings invisible to somethings observable. In fact, these two dual types of functions based on competence structures are symmetry. Remarkably, there are two kinds of special competence-based skill functions: one is disjunctive, while the other is conjunctive. The former delineates knowledge spaces, which are symmetrical to simple closure spaces delineated by the latter. Based on these facts, we shows some theoretical results on competence-based skill functions, then design the corresponding algorithms for delineating knowledge structures. Sometimes for competence-based skill functions, some skills are maybe reducible. Thus, we discuss what kind of skills are reducible and obtain sufficient and some necessary conditions for skills being reducible for competence-based skill functions. Based on this, we design algorithms to reduce reducible skills and get minimal sets of skills. By comparison, for competence-based skill functions, we can find minimal sets of skills with the smallest cardinality whenever sets of skills are finite. For each algorithm, we take a corresponding example to illustrate the detailed procedure.
Pricing Game between Customized Bus and Conventional Bus with Combined Operational Objectives
Authors: Li Jun , Feng Xiaoman , Jia Bicen
Published: April 2022

Social welfare and profit are two main factors to be included in the operational goal of bus services. It is assumed that conventional bus services are “welfare pro” with more consideration of social welfare, while customized bus services are “profit pro” with more consideration of profit, and the goal of each bus service is to maximize the overall payoffs, namely, the weighted sum of social welfare and profit. A bi-level pricing game is proposed to shed light on the impact of two bus services’ pricing competition on the payoffs when the operational objectives with different weights of social welfare are adopted. A case study shows that the pricing strategies of conventional bus services have a significant impact on the customized bus services. The customized bus operator should consider more “social welfare” to attract customers and to achieve the overall payoffs when the conventional bus service takes a high price strategy, and the customized bus operator can take a strategy of a high price to maintain its overall payoffs when the conventional bus operator maximizes the social welfare. It is found that there exists a trade-off by which both sides obtain the balanced overall payoffs.
Characterization and Costs of Integrating Blockchain and IoT for Agri-Food Traceability Systems
Authors: Pincheira Miguel , Vecchio Massimo , Giaffreda Raffaele
Published: April 2022

An increasing amount of research focuses on integrating the Internet of Things and blockchain technology to address the requirements of traceability applications for Industry 4.0. However, there has been little quantitative analysis of several aspects of these new blockchain-based traceability systems. For instance, very few works have studied blockchain’s impact on the resources of constrained IoT sensors. Similarly, the infrastructure costs of these blockchain-based systems are not widely understood. This paper characterizes the resources of low-cost IoT sensors and provides a monetary cost model for blockchain infrastructure to support blockchain-based traceability systems. First, we describe and implement a farm-to-fork case study using public and private blockchain networks. Then, we analyze the impact of blockchain in six different resource-limited IoT devices in terms of disk and memory footprint, processing time, and energy consumption. Next, we present an infrastructure cost model and use it to identify the costs for the public and private networks. Finally, we evaluate the traceability of a product in different scenarios. Our results showed that low-cost sensors could directly interact with both types of blockchains with minimal energy overhead. Furthermore, our cost model showed that setting a private blockchain infrastructure costs approximately the same as that managing 50 products on a public blockchain network.
Factors during Production of Cereal-Derived Feed That Influence Mycotoxin Contents
Authors: Hoffmans Yvette , Schaarschmidt Sara , Fauhl-Hassek Carsten , van der Fels-Klerx H.J.
Published: April 2022

Mycotoxins are naturally present in cereal-based feed materials; however, due to adverse effects on animal health, their presence in derived animal feed should be minimized. A systematic literature search was conducted to obtain an overview of all factors from harvest onwards influencing the presence and concentration of mycotoxins in cereal-based feeds. The feed production processes covered included the harvest time, post-harvest practices (drying, cleaning, storage), and processing (milling, mixing with mycotoxin binders, extrusion cooking, ensiling). Delayed harvest supports the production of multiple mycotoxins. The way feed materials are dried after harvest influences the concentration of mycotoxins therein. Applying fungicides on the feed materials after harvest as well as cleaning and sorting can lower the concentration of mycotoxins. During milling, mycotoxins might be redistributed in cereal feed materials and fractions thereof. It is important to know which parts of the cereals are used for feed production and whether or not mycotoxins predominantly accumulate in these fractions. For feed production, mostly the milling fractions with outer parts of cereals, such as bran and shorts, are used, in which mycotoxins concentrate during processing. Wet-milling of grains can lower the mycotoxin content in these parts of the grain. However, this is typically accompanied by translocation of mycotoxins to the liquid fractions, which might be added to by-products used as feed. Mycotoxin binders can be added during mixing of feed materials. Although binders do not remove mycotoxins from the feed, the mycotoxins become less bioavailable to the animal and, in the case of food-producing animals, to the consumer, lowering the adverse effects of mycotoxins. The effect of extruding cereal feed materials is dependent on several factors, but in principle, mycotoxin contents are decreased after extrusion cooking. The results on ensiling are not uniform; however, most of the data show that mycotoxin production is supported during ensiling when oxygen can enter this process. Overall, the results of the literature review suggest that factors preventing mycotoxin production have greater impact than factors lowering the mycotoxin contents already present in feed materials.
Isolation of a Human Betaretrovirus from Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: Goubran Mariam , Wang Weiwei , Indik Stanislav , Faschinger Alexander , Wasilenko Shawn T. , Bintner Jasper , Carpenter Eric J. , Zhang Guangzhi , Nuin Paulo , Macintyre Georgina , Wong Gane K.-S. , Mason Andrew L.
Published: April 2022

A human betaretrovirus (HBRV) has been linked with the autoimmune liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and various cancers, including breast cancer and lymphoma. HBRV is closely related to the mouse mammary tumor virus, and represents the only exogenous betaretrovirus characterized in humans to date. Evidence of infection in patients with PBC has been demonstrated through the identification of proviral integration sites in lymphoid tissue, the major reservoir of infection, as well as biliary epithelium, which is the site of the disease process. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that patients with PBC harbor a transmissible betaretrovirus by co-cultivation of PBC patients’ lymph node homogenates with the HS578T breast cancer line. Because of the low level of HBRV replication, betaretrovirus producing cells were subcloned to optimize viral isolation and production. Evidence of infection was provided by electron microscopy, RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, cloning of the HBRV proviral genome and demonstration of more than 3400 integration sites. Further evidence of viral transmissibility was demonstrated by infection of biliary epithelial cells. While HBRV did not show a preference for integration proximal to specific genomic features, analyses of common insertion sites revealed evidence of integration proximal to cancer associated genes. These studies demonstrate the isolation of HBRV with features similar to mouse mammary tumor virus and confirm that patients with PBC display evidence of a transmissible viral infection.
Clinical Validation of the Fully Automated NeuMoDx HPV Assay for Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Heideman Daniëlle A. M. , Oštrbenk Valenčak Anja , Doorn Saskia , Bonde Jesper , Hillemanns Peter , Gimpelj Domjanič Grega , Mlakar Jana , Hesselink Albertus T. , Meijer Chris J. L. M. , Poljak Mario
Published: April 2022

The NeuMoDx HPV assay is a novel fully automated, real-time PCR-based assay for the qualitative detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in cervical specimens. The assay specifically identifies HPV16 and HPV18 and concurrently detects 13 other high-risk HPV types at clinically relevant infection levels. Following the international guidelines, the clinical performance of the NeuMoDx HPV assay for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) against the reference standard Hybrid Capture 2, as well as intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility were assessed on PreservCyt samples. The clinical accuracy of the assay was additionally evaluated against the clinically validated Alinity m HR HPV and COBAS 4800 HPV Test on PreservCyt samples, and against the clinically validated HPV-Risk assay on SurePath samples. The NeuMoDx HPV assay performance for CIN2+ was non-inferior to the reference methods on both sample types (all p < 0.05), and showed excellent intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility (95.7%; 95% CI: 93.9–97.3; kappa value 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86–0.94); and 94.5%; 95% CI: 92.6–96.2; kappa value 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82–0.92), respectively). In conclusion, the NeuMoDx HPV assay meets international guideline criteria for cross-sectional accuracy and reproducibility, and performs equally well on cervical screening specimens collected in two widely used collection media. The NeuMoDx HPV assay fulfils the requirements to be used for primary cervical screening.
Factors Influencing the Decision to Vaccinate against HPV amongst a Population of Female Health Students
Authors: Nicolet Laure , Viviano Manuela , Dickson Cheryl , Jeannot Emilien
Published: April 2022

Background: In Switzerland, HPV vaccination has been recommended since 2007 for all adolescent girls aged between 11 and 14 years. More than 10 years after the introduction of this recommendation, immunization coverage targets have not been met. Very few studies at a national level describe the reasons for the reluctance of some young women to become vaccinated. The aim of this study is to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of a population of vaccinated and unvaccinated female health students and then to compare the different factors that may have influenced their vaccine choice. Method: Female health students in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, aged between 18 and 31, were invited to participate in the study. A total of 234 female students completed a questionnaire that included questions about their socio-demographic data, sexual behavior and vaccination status. Results: 69% of the participants received at least one dose of the vaccine. Women who had not yet had sex were less likely to be vaccinated than sexually active women (ORa: 0.1, 0.0–0.4, 95% CI), the same as those who did not express an opinion about the importance of vaccination (ORa: 0.1: 0.0–0.6, 95% CI). The main reasons given for refusing vaccination were fear of side effects (26.0%), parental opposition (24.6%) and reluctance of the attending physician (13.6%). Conclusions: The main results of this study highlight a good rate of vaccine coverage in the sample population. Reasons for nonvaccination demonstrate the need to provide information on the vaccine to the target audience, as well as to parents and health professionals.
PROTOTYPE ALAT UJI KEBISINGAN DAN EMISI GAS PADA KNALPOT KENDARAAN BERMOTOR MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Ida Nuraida_Latif
Published: April 2022

Transportation from every era has always been a special concern for the government in Indonesia. This is inseparable from the increasing number of motorcycle users, so that the increase in the number of vehicles clearly has a negative impact on health, especially from smoke pollution which contains carbon monoxide (CO) compounds produced or from the noise. This study aims to determine the level of noise and gas emissions in vehicle exhaust. The tool used to measure gas emissions is MQ-2 while noise is measured by a sound sensor which is then processed on the Arduino and then displayed on the LCD. This type of research is exploratory observation and data analysis is described descriptively. The results of the study are a tool that is able to detect gas emissions and noise in the motorcycle exhaust with a sound sensor response of 2-3 seconds while the Mq2 sensor with a response time of 5-6 seconds takes longer.
Criminal Liability Against Recidivists Abroad Who Recommit Crimes Theft in Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha Dimas Aditya
Published: April 2022

The theft of broken glass that occurred in the Province of the Bangka Belitung Islands, precisely in Tempilang Bangka Barat, Pal 9 Merawang, Bangka Regency and in front of My Snack Pangkalpinang City. Suspect E was convicted as a recidivist in Singapore. The purpose of this study is to determine the recidivist arrangements between the State of Indonesia and the State of Singapore and to determine the criminal liability of foreign recidivist Indonesian citizens who commit the crime of theft in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach, a case approach and a comparative approach. The results of this study are that the recidivist arrangement in Indonesia is regulated in the general resident Article 486 of the Criminal Code, the punishment is plus 1/3 (one third) of the maximum criminal threat.
Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence Against Biological Children (Case Study at the PPA Unit of the East Lombok Police Criminal Investigation Unit)
Authors: Susiawati Erna
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the extent of protection provided to children as victims of sexual violence by their families or biological fathers in East Lombok Regency. The analysis that the author does is based on empirical research, seeing how the law actually works in society with an approach to researching the laws and regulations that are used as the basis for legal provisions to analyze this research is empirical legal research that is prescriptive and technical or applied. The research approach uses a law approach and a case approach. The type of research data is secondary data with primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Data collection techniques in the form of library research and data analysis techniques used are deductive in nature with the syllogistic method. Based on the research, it can be seen that the protection for children as victims of sexual violence by biological fathers has not been maximized as mandated in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia no. 35 of 2014 concerning amendments to Law no. 23 of 2002 concerning child protection. Children who are accompanied by their families tend to be reluctant or refuse the existence of a judicial process for the crimes they have experienced.
REORIENTING TEACHING DYNAMICS OF CULINARY EDUCATION WITH SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Kaura Anubha , Hussain Sarah , Gavinolla Mahender Reddy , Mohanty Priyakrushna
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION

There is growing concern among environmental scientists that our food consumption pattern is harming the planet and acting as a catalyst for climate change. With the world already in the Anthropocene epoch, considerable harm is caused to the environmental systems by human activity. Achieving environmentally sustainable food systems is an immediate challenge. Food consumption is massively influenced by food trends and culinary innovations conceptualised by traditional and modern chefs. The greatest chefs in the past have linked food artistry with expensive ingredients and most importantly meat. Traditional culinary education was based on learning the art and science of cooking, but in the last decade, there has been a growing inclination to incorporate sustainable culinary practices, such as optimal usage of ingredients and controlling food wastage. Due to this, there has been an introduction of innovative cooking programmes initiated by culinary schools. Food, climate change and sustainable menus should be driving the next generation of chefs to rethink the way fine-dining is approached. This calls for understanding the various changes that can be brought in to change the face of culinary education, thus making it environmentally friendly.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The current study aims at understanding the need of changing the dynamics of culinary education and thus training a clan of futuristic chefs who advocate and practice environmentally sustainable menus. The study also aims to conceptualise the various interventions required in culinary education in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) by 2030. In this study, the PRISMA technique has been adopted to bring out the themes in the collected literature. The work has been drafted as a viewpoint paper, as the author’s own experience has gone into making the research fit the context.

RESULTS

The study aims to indicate the role of transforming culinary education in achieving sustainable development goals by 2030. The results would identify the gaps by reviewing the extant literature and would suggest a way forward to achieve sustainable commercial kitchens, introducing changes at the grass-root level by transforming culinary education.

CONCLUSIONS

The study would help understand the way commercial kitchens are changing and the role of transforming culinary education as well as the face of commercial kitchens. The study has a futuristic approach and considers the need to train chefs in promoting and cooking sustainable meals.
THE TACTICS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN THE INVESTIGATOR AND SPECIALISTS IN ORDER TO RESOLVE TYPICAL INVESTIGATIVE SITUATIONS IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CRIMES RELATED TO IMPROPER PROVISION OF MEDICAL CARE
Authors: Shepelev S.V.
Published: April 2022

On the basis of the analysis of the scientific approach and provisions of the current law, the author of the article considered the content of the concept of ‘special knowledge’ in relation to the professional activities of the investigator. The author designated the degree of effectiveness of the use of professional knowledge in the field of medicine during the investigation of criminal cases related to the improper provision of medical care based on the results of questioning the employees of the investigating authorities of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. On the example of the practice of the investigative authorities of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, a classification of typical investigative situations during the investigation of crimes related to the improper provision of medical care was formed and specific tasks of their resolving were identified, requiring the attracting of knowledgeable people. The tactical complexes aiming at the organization of effective interaction between the investigator and people with special knowledge in the field of medicine were formulated.
Face Mask Detection using Machine Learning
Authors: Sroison Pornphat
Published: April 2022

The whole world today, is facing the COVID-19 pandemic. This
situation make people must adapt to the new normal, for example: work from
home, online communication, keep clean to reduce transmission of COVID-19.
Moreover, research has found that wearing a mask is one way to reduce the risk
of viral transmission. It makes many public places have a measure about their
customer must keep a distance between people and wearing the face mask
correctly. But public service providers are not feasible to thoroughly check
whether all a customer wear the mask or not. So, in this project, we propose
face mask detection via webcam cameras using image recognition which is one
of the high-accuracy and efficient face mask detector. This proposed system
consists of three methods to detect face mask: 1) Image preprocessing 2) Face
detection and crop 3) Classification of face mask. This system can detection a
face mask, not wearing a face mask and incorrect face mask. This system will
help public service providers ensure that all people in this place wear face mask
correctly, promote people to use a face masks and it ensure that these public
places have a safe environment.
New circuit solutions of fourth-order notch filters
Authors: Butyrlagin Nikolay , Denisenko Darya , Prokopenko Nikolay , Inanov Yuri
Published: April 2022

  

The circuit design solutions of a new subclass of fourth-order notch filters (NF) are considered, which are implemented on operational amplifiers by sequentially connecting identical second-order links of NF. Equations for their main parameters are given. In the Micro-Cap environment, computer simulation of the amplitude-frequency characteristics was performed, which shows the possibility of independent adjustment of the quality factor of the pole, the frequency of the pole, and the NF transfer coefficient. The proposed circuits differ in the circuitry of the links, as well as in the ways of introducing feedback and options for connecting the input signal source.
Comparative Analysis of 72 Flyback Transformers on 5τ Non-linear Battery with Loss Functions - Part II
Authors: Bansal Abhishek
Published: April 2022

This is the second part of the three part series paper where the novel idea of representing flyback transformer losses as loss functions using hyperbolic secant spline interpolation, and its use in determining flyback transformer core saturation and instability in the control feedback loop from the loss function using Lyapunov method has been presented with scientific proof and validity. In this paper, the comparative analysis of 36 different flyback transformers from 2W to 27W is being presented. These two-winding transformers are operated in continuous/discontinuous mode, switched from MOSFET controlled by microcontroller from 41 kHz to 97 kHz. Eighteen wattage’s which are used internationally at different voltage and current ratings have been analyzed on fifteen different cores - EPC13, EF12.6, EFD15, EE13, EE16, EEL16,EE19, EEL19,EFD20,EE25, E20/10/6, PR18x11,EEL22,RM6S/I, RM8/I.
Ecological Effects and Vulnerability Assessment of Flooding in Udu Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Ndakara O.E. , Atuma I.M.
Published: April 2022

This study is based on the ecological effects and vulnerability assessment of flooding within Udu Local Government in the Delta State region. This research adopted the survey design. Five (5) flood vulnerable communities which represent the major subdivisions in Udu were investigated. Stratified random technique of sampling was used to divide the communities into quarters for effectiveness in data collection, while simple random technique was adopted in the collection of data. Data collection was on the communities covered by flood, causative factors of flooding, and the resultant effects on human inhabitants, environment, and the prevailing economic activities within the region. Data collection was through direct field survey and the use of questionnaires. The instrument’s level of reliability was achieved at 0.89 using the test-retest method; while instrument validity was determined by experts’ judgements. Data collected were analysed using the descriptive, ANOVA and regression statistics. Results showed that the communities investigated are vulnerable to flooding; significant difference was not found in the observed causative factors of flooding among the vulnerable communities; the effect of flooding is high within the study area; the differences in the effects of flooding within the different flood vulnerable communities in the study area is not significant at 0.05 level of confidence; and no significant relationship exists between the causative factors and the effects of flooding at 0.05 level of confidence. Therefore, good settlement planning, construct of drainage, and selective terrain cultivation are recommended.
Reconstruction of Diversion Regulations in a Juvenile-Crime System Based on Justice Value
Authors: Gunarto Gunarto , Suwitno Suwitno , Wahyuningsih Sri Endah , Ngazis Muhammad
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze and examine: 1) the regulation of diversion requirements in the current juvenile criminal justice system is not based on the value of justice; 2) weaknesses in the regulation of diversion requirements in the juvenile criminal justice system which is currently not based on the value of justice; 3) reconstruction of diversion requirements regulations in the juvenile criminal justice system based on the value of justice. This research is a qualitative research, with a sociological juridical approach, descriptive analysis, using primary data and secondary data, using the Grand Theory: Lawrence M. Friedman's Legal System Theory and Pancasila Justice Theory; Middle Theory: Law Enforcement Theory Soerjono Soekanto; and Applied Theory: Progressive Legal Theory Satjipto Rahardjo. The research findings are: (1) The regulation of diversion requirements in the juvenile criminal justice system is not currently based on the value of justice because the regulation of diversion requirements in children's cases is contrary to the values of Pancasila justice, and in the perspective of legal norms, the diversion requirement with restrictions is punishable by imprisonment under 7 (seven) years is discriminatory compared to the case of adults who can mediate or peacefully are limited by criminal threats, (2) The weakness of the regulation on diversion requirements is not based on the value of justice, because the regulation on diversion requirements is regulated in Article 7 of Law Number 11 of the Year 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System is discriminatory between child cases and adult cases. (3) Reconstruction of the regulation on diversion requirements in Article 7 of Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System based on the value of justice, especially paragraph (2) whose initial phrase reads Diversion as referred to in paragraph (1) is carried out in the case of a crime committed: threatened with imprisonment under 7 (seven) years; and is not a repetition of a crime. Reconstructed into Diversion as referred to in paragraph (1) is carried out in the event that the crime committed is not a repetition of a crime.