bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Use of ChatGPT as a Learning and Teaching Tool in Material Science and Nanotechnology Engineering Education
Authors: Ünlütabak Burcu , Canbek Ozdil Zeliha Cansu , Cirit Elif Sümeyye
Published: September 2023

There is an increasing interest in using AI-based tools in university education, particularly in software education. However, it is essential to investigate its integration into learning hard sciences such as chemistry and physics. As the multidisciplinary field of Nanotechnology continues its trajectory of growth and significance, the incorporation of cutting-edge technological tools like ChatGPT will play a crucial role. In this work, we explore the innovative use of ChatGPT as a learning and teaching tool, specifically within the realm of nanotechnology education. To this end, we use a qualitative research approach; we ask nanotechnology-related questions to ChatGPT to generate data, and we evaluate the responses we receive based on their quality and usability (i.e., correctness, relevance, and educational value). Thus, we discuss the profound effects and capabilities of ChatGPT in assisting students’ learning of complex nanotechnological concepts and educators’ enhancement of their teaching methodologies. We also highlight the opportunities, challenges, and ethical concerns.
Atroposelective Total Synthesis of Cihunamide B
Authors: Yu Longhui , Nakamura Hugh
Published: September 2023

A short, scalable synthesis towards cihunamide B (1) is reported. The feature of this report is the decagram-scale SNAr reaction of L-tryptophan derivatives followed by atroposelective Larock macrocyclization. This strategy allowed the scalable construction of a Trp-Trp cross-linkage with unprecedented atropisomerism. It has also enabled the scalable synthesis of cihunamide B (1), which is expected to be a potential antibacterial agent.
Activity-based sensing reveals elevated labile copper promotes liver aging via hepatic stem cell depletion
Authors: Zhao Zhenxiang , Lucero Melissa , Su Shengzhang , Xu Jiajie Jessica , Chan Jefferson
Published: September 2023

Oxidative stress is one of the major culprits of aging and age-related disease states. Although the body features numerous antioxidant defense systems to safeguard against this, conditions ranging from neurodegeneration and cancer to organ failure may result once the buffering capacity of these protective mechanisms have been exceeded. While it is known that redox active metal ions such as copper (Cu) can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), establishing a possible connection between Cu dysregulation and aging, especially in an in vivo context is exceedingly difficult. Through the development of new activity-based imaging probes for Cu(I) exhibiting ultra-sensitivity, we discovered that labile hepatic Cu activity increases during aging, and this results in the depletion of hepatic stem cells (hSCs) as measured by the ALDH1A1 stemness biomarker. Further, the application of a glutathione (GSH)-responsive probe for noninvasive photoacoustic imaging revealed that these findings are linked to an age-dependent decrease of hepatic GSH activity. To delay this phenotype, we designed two longitudinal studies where aged-mice were treated with ATN-224, a Cu-chelating drug. Our results suggest that treatment restores Cu homeostasis which may have a hSC-sparing effect to delay the onset of liver aging.
Mixed titanium/tin vacancy-ordered double perovskites (Cs₂Ti₁₋ₓSnₓX₆; X = I, Br)
Authors: Liga Shanti , Kavanagh Seán R. , Walsh Aron , Scanlon David O. , Konstantatos Gerasimos
Published: September 2023

Lead toxicity and poor stability under operating conditions are major drawbacks impeding the widespread commercialization of metal halide perovskite solar cells. Ti(IV) has been considered as an alternative species to replace Pb(II) because it is relatively non-toxic, abundant and its perovskite-like compounds have demonstrated promising performance when applied in solar cells (η > 3%), photocatalysts and non-linear optical applications. Yet, Ti(IV) perovskites show instability in air, hindering their use. On the other hand, Sn(IV) has a similar cationic radius to Ti(IV), adopting the same vacancy-ordered double perovskite (VODP) structure and showing good stability in ambient conditions. We report here a combined experimental and computational study on mixed titanium-tin bromide and iodide VODPs, motivated by the hypothesis that these mixtures may show a higher stability than the pure titanium compositions. Thermodynamic analysis shows that Sn and Ti are highly-miscible in these vacancy-ordered structures. Experimentally, we synthesized mixed titanium-tin VODPs as nanocrystals across the entire mixing range x (Cs₂Ti₁₋ₓSnₓX₆; X = I, Br), using a colloidal synthetic approach. Analysis of the experimental and computed absorption spectra reveals weak hybridization and interactions between Sn and Ti octahedra, with the alloy absorption being essentially a linear combination of the pure Sn and Ti compositions. These compounds are stabilized at high percentages of Sn (x ~ 60%), as expected, with bromide compositions demonstrating greater stability compared to the iodides. Overall, we find that these materials behave akin to molecular aggregates, with the thermodynamic and optoelectronic properties governed by the intra-octahedral interactions.
GETTING NEW MEANINGS: WESTERNIZATION VS NATIONAL MENTALITY
Authors: Ковалев А.А. , Тирабян К.К.
Published: September 2023

Цель исследования – рассмотреть процесс вестернизации культуры в качестве феномена, который не тождественен глобализации и несет угрозу национальному менталитету как важной части национальной безопасности государства XXI в. Современный мир, подверженный глобализационным процессам, задумывался его творцами унифицированным по запад-ному образцу. Тем не менее, такая концепция встречает на своем пути ожесточенное сопротивление наций, которые не желают отказываться от своей уникальности в пользу искусственных идеалов и ценностей, созданных западной цивилизацией, включая американскую нацию, абстрагированную от влияния закономерного действия исторических процессов. В настоящем исследовании были использованы методы аргументации, сравнения и анализа. В XXI в. становится очевидным, что вестернизация – это не диалог культур и не процесс перенимания успешного опыта отсталыми странами, это всего один из методов ведения «гибридной войны». Основная цель – дезориентация противника, манипулирование им с помощью подмены и навязывания понятий и смыслов и провоцирования экзистенциального кризиса на уровне целых народностей и в масштабах нескольких поколений. То есть вестернизация – это долгосрочный проект, направленный на перспективу. Поэтому задача современных незападных государств, коих большинство, заключается в преодолении угрозы вестернизации и выстраивании новой системы мирового порядка взамен навязываемой евроатлантической модели.

The purpose of the study is to consider the process of Westernization of culture as a phenomenon that is not identical to globalization and threatens the national mentality as an important part of the national security of the state of the XXI century. The modern world, subject to globalization processes, was conceived by its creators to be unified according to the Western model. However, such a concept meets fierce resistance on its way from nations that are unwilling to give up their uniqueness in favor of artificial ideals and values created by Western civilization, including the American nation, abstracted from the influence of the natural operation of historical processes. In this study, the methods of argumentation, comparison and analysis were used. In the XXI century, it becomes obvious that Westernization is not a dialogue of cultures and not a process of adopting successful experience by backward countries, it is just one of the methods of waging a «hybrid war». The main goal is to disorient the enemy, manipulate him by substituting and imposing concepts and meanings and pro-voking an existential crisis at the level of entire nationalities and on the scale of several generations. That is, Westernization is a longterm project aimed at the future. Therefore, the task of modern non-Western states, which are the majority, is to overcome the threat of Westernization and build a new system of world order to replace the imposed Euro-Atlantic model.
Q. SKINNER’S INTELLECTUAL HISTORY: THE PROBLEM OF LIBERTY IN N. MACHIAVELLI'S WORKS
Authors: Потамская В.П.
Published: September 2023

Контекстуализм Скиннера выражается в представлении, что тексты могут быть правильно поняты и истолкованы только при помещении их в соответствующий интеллектуальный контекст, который может быть постигнут только с позиции языка. Указывается, что интерес Скиннера к прочтениям текстов в границах политической теории был обусловлен верой в необходимость исторической точности в различных работах по политической теории. Рассматривается интерпретация Макиавелли как истинного сторонника свободы и республиканского режима, предложенная Скиннером.

Skinner's contextualism is expressed in the notion that texts can only be correctly understood and interpreted when placed in an appropriate intellectual context, which, in turn, can only be understood from the standpoint of the available language. It is noted, that Skinner's interest in reading texts within the political theory was driven by a belief in the need for historical accuracy in various writings on political theory. Skinner's interpretation of Machiavelli as a true supporter of freedom and the republican regime is considered.
Loss of the mitochondrial protein SPD-3 elevates PLK-1 levels and dysregulates mitotic events
Authors: Chen Yu-Zen , Zimyanin Vitaly , Redemann Stefanie
Published: September 2023

In metazoans, Polo-like kinase (PLK1) controls several mitotic events including nuclear envelope breakdown, centrosome maturation, spindle assembly and progression through mitosis. Here we show that a mutation in the mitochondria-localized protein SPD-3 affects mitotic events by inducing elevated levels of PLK-1 in earlyCaenorhabditis elegansembryos. SPD-3 mutant embryos contain abnormally positioned mitotic chromosomes, show a delay in anaphase onset and asymmetrically disassemble the nuclear lamina. We found that more PLK-1 accumulated on centrosomes, nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, and chromatin before NEBD, suggesting that PLK-1 overexpression is responsible for some of the observed mitotic phenotypes. In agreement with this, the chromosome positioning defects of thespd-3(oj35)mutant could be rescued by reducing PLK-1 levels. Our data suggests that the mitochondrial SPD-3 protein affects chromosome positioning and nuclear envelope integrity by up-regulating the endogenous levels of PLK-1 during early embryogenesis inC. elegans. This finding suggests a novel link between mitochondria and nuclear envelope dynamics and chromosome positioning by increasing the amount of a key mitotic regulator, PLK-1, providing a novel link between mitochondria and mitosis.
Huntingtin loss in hepatocytes is associated with altered metabolism, adhesion, and liver zonation
Authors: Bragg Robert M , Coffey Sydney R , Cantle Jeffrey P , Hu Shikai , Singh Sucha , Legg Samuel RW , McHugh Cassandra A , Toor Amreen , Zeitlin Scott O , Kwak Seung , Howland David , Vogt Thomas F , Monga Satdarshan P , Carroll Jeffrey B
Published: September 2023

Huntington’s disease arises from a toxic gain of function in thehuntingtin(HTT) gene. As a result, many HTT-lowering therapies are being pursued in clinical studies, including those that reduce HTT RNA and protein expression in the liver. To investigate potential impacts, we characterized molecular, cellular, and metabolic impacts of chronic HTT lowering in mouse hepatocytes. Lifelong hepatocyte HTT loss is associated with multiple physiological changes, including increased circulating bile acids, cholesterol and urea, hypoglycemia, and impaired adhesion. HTT loss causes a clear shift in the normal zonal patterns of liver gene expression, such that pericentral gene expression is reduced. These alterations in liver zonation in livers lacking HTT are observed at the transcriptional, histological, and plasma metabolite levels. We have extended these phenotypes physiologically with a metabolic challenge of acetaminophen, for which the HTT loss results in toxicity resistance. Our data reveal an unexpected role for HTT in regulating hepatic zonation, and we find that loss of HTT in hepatocytes mimics the phenotypes caused by impaired hepatic β-catenin function.
Computational study on the thermal properties of a closed loop pulsating heat pipe
Authors: Jithendra Sai Raja Chada , Sri Ram Deepak Akella
Published: September 2023

Pulsating Heat Pipes (PHPs) are passive heat transfer devices, where heat transfer is higher than that in common heat transfer devices such as metal fins and heat pipes. The main reason for this is the two-phase phenomenon occurring inside the PHPs with oscillatory motion of the bubbles. The flow in the pipe is a multiphase flow, where vapor plugs and liquid slugs are created in PHPs due to capillary action. In this study, a CFD analysis was conducted on a two-turn PHP using the Analysis of Systems (ANSYS) Fluent software. The adiabatic section and overall height of the pipe were kept constant, whereas the height of the evaporation region varied at 32, 37, 42, 47, and 52 mm from the bottom. This study aims to investigate the performance of PHP and how heat transfer is affected. It also observed variations in the volume fraction and thermal resistance, considering other factors. The study was conducted under previously researched conditions with an inner diameter of 2.0 mm and an outer diameter of 3.0 mm. The PHP was made of copper, and the working fluid was methanol, which filled 50% of the volume. Heat inputs of 80 W, 85 W, 90 W, and 95 watts were supplied to the PHP. The simulation was performed, and the output results are presented in graphical and contour plots.
Analytical review of design aspects of helical spring
Authors: Abhinav Gupta
Published: September 2023

The curvature correction factor is an important parameter for evaluating the stress of helical springs. A novel modelled curvature correction factor (KG) was proposed in terms of the shear correction factor (KS) and spring index (C). This factor (KC) falls between the Wahl and Bergstrasser correction factors, considering the stresses due to shear, torsional, and curvature effects. The ratio of the actual deflection to estimated deflection and the ratio of the actual stiffness to estimated stiffness are mirror images of each other. In addition, when C continued to decrease, the curvature correction factor increased sharply. In practical design, the actual deviation is greater than the evaluated deflection, and the evaluated deflection may need to be increased by a certain percentage to obtain the actual deflection. Therefore, a general equation was developed for this purpose. The ratios of the actual and evaluated deflections and the actual and evaluated stiffnesses were mirror images of each other. For suitable assumed data, the torsional shear stress, maximum shear stress, and modelled curvature stress were almost straight and parallel to each other.
Study of fluid flow in a 4-Inlet convergent - Divergent nozzle
Authors: Rajesh R.
Published: September 2023

This study focuses on the investigation of fluid flow in a Convergent-Divergent (C-D) nozzle with four inlets. The nozzle geometry comprised a convergent angle of 45 °and a divergent angle of 15 °. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to analyze the behavior of the flow within the C-D nozzle under varying inlet Mach parameters ranging from 2 to 5. The stream characteristics inside the nozzle were analyzed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. This study examined crucial parameters such as maximum pressure, minimum pressure, maximum velocity, and outlet Mach number, which are essential for understanding the behavior and performance of the flow. Fluent software, which is a well-established computational fluid dynamics tool, was used to conduct simulations and analyze the flow characteristics. The results obtained shed light on the behavior of the fluid flow and provide valuable insights into the performance of the C-D nozzle at different inlet Mach parameters. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the C-D nozzle performance and its applications in various engineering fields, such as aerospace and propulsion systems. These findings may have significant implications for optimizing nozzle design and enhancing overall system efficiency.
Bringing mindfulness to teacher professional development for social-emotional competence in teaching
Authors: Güler Çetin
Published: September 2023

Teacher stress is an international issue that is crucial for the stability and effectiveness of educational systems worldwide. Consequently, there has been a longstanding interest in the factors that cause occupational stress for teachers and ways to eliminate them. In this regard, the importance of teachers' social-emotional competence, which acts as a protective factor against stressful situations, has been particularly emphasized. This study aimed to explain teachers' socialemotional competence and compile mindfulness-based professional development programs designed to promote it, utilizing a literature review as a research methodology. Accordingly, this study explained the Cultivating Awareness and Resilience in Education (CARE) professional development program. It also presented an overview and synthesis of representative research studies and provided implications for teacher professional development. It attempted to draw attention to the importance of involving social-emotional competence, which is closely related to teacher and teaching quality, in the development of more effective teacher education programs.
A comparative study of web application security scanners for vulnerability detection
Authors: Hasan Abualese , Thamer Al-Rousan
Published: September 2023

A Web Vulnerability Scanner (WVS) is a software tool that assesses the security of web applications by conducting automated penetration tests. It speeds up the process, reduces costs, and eliminates the need for specialized testing engineers. This study evaluates the vulnerability detection capabilities of six WVSs, three commercial scanners, and three open-source scanners. The goal is to identify and mitigate potential security risks before they are exploited by malicious users. The study employed two well-known vulnerable web applications and four relevant metrics, such as detection rate of accuracy, recall, precision, and the ability to detect different vulnerabilities using the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) as a reference.
Computer viruses: Security risks and solution
Authors: Gunpreet Kaur , Ekleen Kaur , Harsh Jindal , Neha Gautam
Published: September 2023

Computer viruses are malicious computer programs that can affect the working of a computer system, thus affecting important data and files. This study provides an overview of the history of computer viruses, their evolution, and the ways in which they spread and infect systems. It discusses the various security vulnerabilities that viruses exploit, such as software bugs and human errors, and the damage they can cause, such as data loss, system crashes, and identity theft. The study also analyzes various preventive measures that can be taken to minimize the risk of virus infection, such as software updates, firewalls, and anti-virus software. It also discusses the importance of user education and awareness for preventing virus attacks.
Web app to manage residential societies
Authors: Aaryan Chaubey
Published: September 2023

Traditional methods of managing residential societies have several limitations, such as a lack of transparency and inefficient communication. This study proposes a web application that can address these limitations by automating tasks, such as improving communication and enhancing transparency. It offers features such as maintenance of payment scheduler, record maintenance dues, complaint management, communication management, notice systems, visitor notifications, and security management. The user interface of the application shows great potential for streamlining society management and fostering efficient communication.
Passively crowdsourcing images online for measuring broad-scale fly (Diptera) floral interactions and biodiversity
Authors: Blakeman Evelyn , Wilson Aydan B. , Romer Sarah , Olin Emi , Scott Catherine , Popescu Viorel , Brodie Bekka
Published: September 2023

Flies (Diptera) represent one of the largest and most important groups of pollinators on the planet; however, little is known about the interactions between flies and flowers compared to well-known pollinators, such as bees. Understanding pollinator assemblages is key to conserving biodiversity and ecosystem services, but monitoring Diptera is time and cost intensive. Using photographs of blooming flowers taken by photographers worldwide and uploaded on internet repositories, we built a dataset of 1,275 images of fly-flower visitations and extracted fly and flower taxonomic information, flower characteristics (shape and color), and fly activity (pollen carrying and foraging). The resulting dataset shows taxonomic and other biases but can still provide an initial overview of factors that affect pollination by Diptera. We identified 22 families of flies, with blow flies (Family Calliphoridae) most represented (29%) and 63 families of flowers, with Asteraceae (42%) and Apiaceae (21%) as the most common. Using logistic regression, we found that the likelihood of flies carrying pollen was determined by the interaction between flower color and shape: pollen-carrying was more likely when elongate cluster flowers were green-yellow. Fly foraging on flowers was determined by flower color: flies were more likely to feed on green-yellow and white flowers. Overall, Syrphidae flies were less likely to forage for nectar than non-Syrphidae, but were more likely to carry pollen. While biases exist in crowdsourced data, we show that data from photographs collected through citizen science offers potentially valuable information for monitoring pollinator-flower interactions and augment our understanding of pollinator ecology in an era of global insect declines.
A Game of Telephone: The Evolution of Conspicuous
Authors: Miller Zachary
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the evolution of how conspicuous service is regarded by trial courts in New York state. Conspicuous service or “nail and mail service” is the process of nailing notice of an upcoming court hearing to a visible place on the property of a defendant. This article examines the legitimacy of this method of service as it pertains to money judgments in summary proceeding cases.
A Restoration of Voting Rights & Humanity
Authors: Samuels Brandon
Published: September 2023

As a nation that has always touted its democratic principles, the United States of America restricts citizens’ right to vote. Voter disenfranchisement laws particularly silence the voices of formerly incarcerated individuals. These laws often restrict or make it harder for formerly incarcerated Americans to vote in federal and state elections. Individuals who have fully completed their sentence continue to face voting obstacles beyond prison that non-incarcerated Americans do not encounter. These laws hamper individuals who have completed their sentences and discriminate against the rights of formerly incarcerated people. This article questions why formerly incarcerated individuals are not eligible to enjoy the same voting rights as their fellow Americans. To combat this unjust treatment, this article proposes an original super-statute: The Voting Rights Restoration Act. This novel proposal ensures that formerly incarcerated individuals will be respected under the law as equal citizens of the United States.
Regulation: Realities and Possibilities
Authors: Reiss Sophia
Published: September 2023

Modern communication technologies increasingly raise concern. This growing awareness prompts examination of the effectiveness of current regulation and consideration of possible changes. This article explores the possibility of using both previous American regulation and European regulation efforts as examples to frame improvements in communications governance. First, it evaluates the Fairness Doctrine and its role in regulation as part of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the current Section 230 regulation. Next, the article reviews proposed amendments and alternative pathways for regulation before providing a recommendation based on these regulatory schemes.
Mapeo del panorama actual de la ciberseguridad en la era moderna digital
Authors: Coronel Ayala Fausto Manuel , López Sevilla Galo Mauricio
Published: September 2023

Los riesgos y amenazas que enfrenta la ciberseguridad no son comprendidos en toda su magnitud por los usuarios hasta que son víctimas de algún tipo de ataque cibernético, que afecta tanto a individuos como a organizaciones en diferentes magnitudes y que, generalmente, son ejecutados por especialistas. Por otra parte, actualmente en casi todos los rincones del mundo se emplea algún sistema digital donde los datos no están debidamente protegidos, siendo vulnerables a todo tipo de amenazas, situación que fue magnificada por la pandemia, donde el abrupto cambio al método de trabajo a distancia requirió prestar más atención a la ola de posibles ataques informáticos. Algunos estudios afirmaron que a fines del año 2020 aproximadamente el 31% de la información registrada en las plataformas digitales fue objeto de robo con fines delictivos, estimando que el costo del cibercrimen se incremente hasta los 8 billones de dólares en los próximos años, cifra en extremo preocupante para las organizaciones. Este documento se elaboró con la finalidad de compilar datos relevantes acerca de la ciberseguridad y seguridad informática, considerando el creciente aumento dentro de la era digital, resaltando la opinión de expertos y líderes en el área sobre el presente y futuro de la ciberseguridad y seguridad informática.
Tratamiento de dolor en artritis
Authors: Masache Jiménez Andrea Beatriz , Herrera Sarango Stephany Catherine , Núñez Cabrera Carlos Magno , Jimenez Buri Karla Fernanda
Published: September 2023

La artritis es la inflamación o degeneración de una o más articulaciones. Existen más de 100 tipos diferentes de artritis. Sus síntomas dependen del tipo, sin embargo, se pueden mencionar como síntomas comunes el dolor y la rigidez en la articulación comprometida. El manejo de los síntomas es fundamental para la prevención y/o demora de la discapacidad y la disminución del dolor. Es importante el conocimiento del manejo interdisciplinar de la artritis para brindar una mejor calidad de vida a los pacientes, por lo cual, el objetivo de esta revisión es plasmar las diversas intervenciones recomendadas para el tratamiento del dolor en la artritis. El enfoque está orientado a la artritis reumatoide por cuanto es la más conocida y a la osteoartritis por ser la más frecuente. La metodología de la investigación es una revisión bibliográfico – documental. La intervención del dolor en pacientes con artritis implica un equipo multidisciplinario. Los fármacos utilizados en el alivio de este síntoma incluyen analgésicos y antiinflamatorios. Igualmente, el uso de los llamados FAME, que son fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad. El ejercicio terapéutico es una de las técnicas en fisioterapia más efectiva para disminuir el dolor, fortalecer los músculos, recuperar la movilidad y evitar otras enfermedades. La intervención psicológica persigue educar al paciente en el control de las respuestas emocionales propias de la patología, así como el manejo de estrés, ansiedad y técnicas para el control del dolor. En los casos en que ninguna de estas técnicas funciona, se indica la cirugía, con la que se puede realizar el reemplazo total o parcial de una articulación.
La obesidad en escolares de 5 a 12 años en Latinoamérica
Authors: Calderon Guaraca Prissila Banesa , Pacurucu Avila Nube Johanna , Paredes Valdivieso Alexandra Maribel , Orellana Barros Marco Rubén
Published: September 2023

La obesidad tiene múltiples factores etiológicos, los más importantes se relacionan con el estilo de vida actual. Se han modificado los hábitos alimentarios, sustituyéndose la dieta balanceada por comidas más fáciles de preparar y consumir. La diferencia entre sobrepeso y obesidad radica en la cantidad de grasa almacenada, siendo mayor en la obesidad. Esta enfermedad puede presentarse tanto en individuos pobres como en ricos, pero con características diferentes. La antropometría se ocupa de la medición de las dimensiones físicas y de la composición del cuerpo humano. Estas medidas varían entre hombres y mujeres, a través del desarrollo normal del individuo, estados nutricionales o en estados patológicos y edades. La dieta saludable está dada por: la calidad de los alimentos, su inocuidad, los horarios de comida, los horarios de actividad física y las horas de sueño que tiene el niño. No está asociada solamente a qué come o no come una persona. Es importante que incluya todos los macro-nutrientes en la dieta: proteínas, grasas, hidratos de carbono, micro-nutrientes, vitaminas, minerales, oligoelementos, de manera continua. El deporte además de ayudar a perder peso, favorece la atención, concentración y reduce los niveles de estrés en los niños. Otros beneficios para la salud: incremento de la función cardíaca y la capacidad pulmonar gracias al ejercicio, mejorando los niveles de oxígeno que llega al cerebro. La pobreza y la desigualdad son factores que limitan el acceso a alimentos nutritivos y saludables adecuados, pero también son determinantes del sobrepeso, la desnutrición y la deficiencia de micronutrientes. Se aplicó una metodología descriptiva, con un enfoque documental, es decir, revisar fuentes disponibles en la red, con contenido oportuno y relevante para dar respuesta a lo tratado en el presente artículo.
Increase in bloodstream infections caused by emm1 group A Streptococcus correlates with emergence of toxigenic M1UK, Belgium, May 2022 to August 2023
Authors: Rodriguez-Ruiz Juan Pablo , Lin Qiang , Lammens Christine , Smeesters Pierre R , van Kleef-van Koeveringe Stefanie , Matheeussen Veerle , Malhotra-Kumar Surbhi
Published: September 2023

Many European countries have recently reported upsurges in invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infections, mainly caused by emm1 Streptococcus pyogenes, specifically the toxigenic M1UK lineage. We present the epidemiology of emm1 causing iGAS in Belgium during 2018–August 2023, and describe an emergence of the toxigenic M1UK lineage in Belgium in mid-2022 that was observed as an increase in bloodstream infections caused by emm1 S. pyogenes that continued into 2023.
Sustained increase of paediatric invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infections dominated by M1UK and diverse emm12 isolates, Portugal, September 2022 to May 2023
Authors: Gouveia Catarina , Bajanca-Lavado Maria Paula , Mamede Rafael , Araújo Carvalho Ana , Rodrigues Fernanda , Melo-Cristino José , Ramirez Mario , Friães Ana ,   Portuguese Group for the Study of Streptococcal Infections,   Portuguese Study Group of Pediatric Invasive Streptococcal Disease
Published: September 2023

Since autumn 2022, observed numbers of paediatric invasive group A Streptococcus infections in Portugal (n = 89) were higher than in pre-COVID-19 seasons. Between September 2022 and May 2023, the dominant diagnoses were pneumonia (25/79), mostly with empyema (20/25), and sepsis (22/79). A number of cases required admission to intensive care (27/79) and surgery (35/79), and the case fatality rate was 5.1% (4/79). Genomic sequencing (n = 55) revealed multiple genetic lineages, dominated by the M1UK sublineage (26/55) and more diverse emm12 isolates (12/55).
First cases of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 in Denmark, 2023
Authors: Rasmussen Morten , Møller Frederik Trier , Gunalan Vithiagaran , Baig Sharmin , Bennedbæk Marc , Christiansen Lasse Engbo , Cohen Arieh Sierra , Ellegaard Kirsten , Fomsgaard Anders , Franck Kristina Træholt , Larsen Nicolai Balle , Larsen Tine Graakjær , Lassaunière Ria , Polacek Charlotta , Qvesel Amanda Gammelby , Sieber Raphael Niklaus , Rasmussen Lasse Dam , Stegger Marc , Spiess Katja , Tang Man-Hung Eric , Vestergaard Lasse Skafte , Andersen Thomas Emil , Hoegh Silje Vermedal , Pedersen Rune Micha , Skov Marianne Nielsine , Steinke Kat , Sydenham Thomas Vognbjerg , Hoppe Morten , Nielsen Lene , Krause Tyra Grove , Ullum Henrik , Jokelainen Pikka
Published: September 2023

We describe 10 cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant BA.2.86 detected in Denmark, including molecular characteristics and results from wastewater surveillance that indicate that the variant is circulating in the country at a low level. This new variant with many spike gene mutations was classified as a variant under monitoring by the World Health Organization on 17 August 2023. Further global monitoring of COVID-19, BA.2.86 and other SARS-CoV-2 variants is highly warranted.
POTENSI PENYETARAAN AGAMA DENGAN ALIRAN KEPERCAYAAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Jufri Muwaffiq
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAKKeberadaan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 97/PUU-XIV/2016 merupakan langkah progresif dalam upaya menghentikan segala kebijakan diskriminatif negara terhadap status hukum aliran kepercayaan, yang dianggap sebagai produk budaya di luar kualifikasi agama resmi negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan metode pendekatan konsep, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Argumentasi dalam Putusan Nomor 97/PUU-XIV/2016 ialah bahwa pembedaan pengaturan antara agama dan kepercayaan dalam ketentuan Pasal 28E ayat (1) dan Pasal 28E ayat (2) UUD NRI 1945 memberikan implikasi hukum yang meletakkan agama dan aliran kepercayaan pada konsepsi yang berbeda, dan pembedaan ini juga menempatkan aliran kepercayaan bukan bagian dari konsepsi agama. Di samping itu, adanya kata hubung "dan" yang diapit oleh kata "agama" dan "kepercayaan" menjadi penegas bahwa keduanya memang setara.Kata kunci: aliran kepercayaan; hak beragama dan berkepercayaan; hak-hak sipil.   ABSTRACTThe existence of Constitutional Court Decision Number 97/PUU-XIV/2016 is a progressive step in an effort to stop all state discriminatory policies against the legal status of the indegenous faiths (beliefs), which considered as a cultural product outside the state official religious qualification. This research uses normative legal research methods with conceptual, case study, and statutory approaches. Decision Number 97/PUU-XIV/2016 argues that the different conceptions in the provisions of Article 28E paragraph (1) and Article 28E paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution have implied legal consequences in which indegenous faith is not a part of religion concept. On the other hand, the existence of the conjunctions "and" between the term "religion" and "belief" confirms that the two concepts are equal.Keywords: indigenous faith; religious and belief rights; civil rights.
KEPASTIAN HUKUM TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI INDONESIA
Authors: Is Muhamad Sadi
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAKKepastian hukum dalam perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup merupakan tanggung jawab negara dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya alam untuk memberikan manfaat sebesar-besarnya bagi kesejahteraan dan hidup rakyat baik generasi masa kini dan masa depan yang dapat menjamin hak warga negara untuk memperoleh lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat serta untuk mencegah perusakan lingkungan hidup dari kegiatan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam. Akan tetapi undang-undang perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup belum bisa memberikan kepastian hukum, sehingga menimbulkan konflik antara perusahaan dengan pemerintah seperti dalam Putusan Nomor 24/Pdt.G/2015/PN.Plg. Penelitian ini menyoroti bagaimana kepastian hukum yang dibangun oleh hakim dalam Putusan Nomor 24/Pdt.G/2015/PN.Plg. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang lingkungan hidup dan analisis terhadap Putusan Nomor 24/ Pdt.G/2015/PN.Plg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan logika hukum yang dibangun oleh hakim yaitu logika hukum indoktriner dan argumentum ad verecundian sehingga perusahaan (PT BMH) dapat memenangkan perkara tersebut.Kata kunci: kepastian hukum; perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup; hukum lingkungan. ABSTRACT Legal certainty in environmental protection and management is the state's responsibility to utilize natural resources to provide maximum bene ts for the people's welfare and life, both present, and future generations. It can guarantee citizens' rights to obtain a good and healthy living environment and prevent environmental destruction from exploiting natural resources. However, the law on environmental protection and management has not provided legal certainty, causing conflict between the company and the government, as stated in Decision Number 24/Pdt.G/2015/ PN.Plg. This research highlights how the judge builds legal certainty in Decision Number 24/Pdt.G/2015/PN.Plg. The research method using juridical normative by reviewing the laws and regulations in the environmental sector and analyzing against Decision Number 24/Pdt.G/2015/PN.Plg. The results showed that the judges' legal logic was indoctrinal legal logic and argumentum ad verecundian so that the company (PT BMH) could win the case. Keywords: legal certainty; environmental protection and management; evironmental law.
PERLINDUNGAN ANAK YANG BERMASALAH DENGAN HUKUM DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMIDANAAN INTEGRATIF PANCASILA
Authors: Anjari Warih
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAKPenting bagi setiap anak Indonesia mendapatkan perlindungan dari negara. Tidak terkecuali anak yang bermasalah dengan hukum mendapatkan perlindungan sesuai dengan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, yang penjatuhan pidananya berdasarkan pada tujuan pemidanaan integratif Pancasila. Pemidanaan terhadap anak dalam Putusan Nomor 20/Pid.Sus-Anak/2015/PN.Pdg dan 01/Pid.Sus-An/2015/PN.Ngw tidak berorientasi pada kepentingan terbaik anak dan tidak sesuai dengan tujuan pemidanaan integratif Pancasila. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana perlindungan anak pada kedua putusan tersebut menurut perspektif pemidanaan integratif berdasarkan Pancasila? Metode penelitiannya menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat perlindungan anak dalam Putusan Nomor 20/Pid.Sus-Anak/2015/PN.Pdg dan 01/Pid.Sus-An/2015/PN.Ngw karena penjatuhan pidana penjara dan denda terhadap anak berdasarkan Pasal 81 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak tidak relevan dijatuhkan kepada anak. Hal ini karena tidak sesuai dengan tujuan pemidanaan integratif berdasarkan Pancasila, yang mengedepankan kepentingan masa depan anak dan mendasarkan pada nilai-nilai religius.Kata kunci: anak; perlindungan; integratif; Pancasila. ABSTRACT Every Indonesian child needs to get protection from the state. No exception children who have problems with the law receive protection under the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, where the imposition of the punishment is based on Pancasila integrative punishment's objective. Criminalization against children in Decision Number 20/ Pid.Sus-Anak/2015/PN.Pdg and 01/Pid.Sus-An/2015/PN.Ngw is not oriented towards the child's best interests and is not compatible with Pancasila's integrative punishment objectives. Therefore, this research focuses on protecting children in both decisions according to the perspective of integrative punishment based on Pancasila. The research method used is normative juridical research with a case study approach. The results of this study concluded that there was no child protection in Decision Number 20/Pid.Sus-Anak/2015/PN.Pdg and 01/Pid.Sus-An/2015/PN.Ngw due to imprisonment and nes against children based on Article 81 paragraph (2) of Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection is irrelevant to be imposed on children. It because it is not compatible with the purpose of integrative punishment based on Pancasila, which puts forward the child's future interests and bases on religious values. Keywords: children; protection; integrative; Pancasila.
PENAFSIRAN HUKUM “MELANGGAR KESUSILAAN” DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Christianto Hwian
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAKPutusan atas perkara penyebarluasan informasi elektronik yang melanggar kesusilaan menimbulkan perdebatan. Pemahaman atas frasa “melanggar kesusilaan” sebagai unsur perbuatan pidana Pasal 27 ayat (1) juncto Pasal 45 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008, tidak mendapatkan penjelasan secara mendalam oleh hakim pada tingkat pertama, kasasi, maupun peninjauan kembali. Masalah yang layak dikaji lebih lanjut terkait dengan (1) arti penting pemahaman frasa “melanggar kesusilaan” dalam Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik; serta (2) metode penafsiran yang digunakan oleh hakim dalam memahami frasa “melanggar kesusilaan.” Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman atas frasa “melanggar kesusilaan” dipahami sebatas unsur perbuatan yang dianggap terpenuhi menggunakan penafsiran sistematis dan penafsiran gramatikal merujuk pada hal seksualitas. Hal tersebut tidak bersesuaian dengan pemaknaan frasa “melanggar kesusilaan” sebagai unjuk bukti dan fungsi instrumental, yang mewajibkan hakim menggali dan memberlakukan nilai hukum yang hidup di masyarakat. Norma kesusilan harus digali sebagai pemahaman akan sifat melawan hukum materiil dari perbuatan penyebarluasan informasi elektronik yang melanggar kesusilaan.Kata kunci: pelanggaran kesusilaan; informasi elektronik; melawan hukum materiil. ABSTRACTThe court decision on the case of electronic information dissemination that violates decency has sparked debate. The understanding of “violating decency” as an element of a criminal act of Article 27 paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 45 paragraph (1) of Law Number 11 of 2008, did not receive an in-depth explanation by the judges at first level court, cassation, or case review. Issues to be further discussed are related to (1) the importance of understanding “violating decency” in the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions; and (2) the method of interpretation used by the judge in understanding “violating decency”. The research method used is normative juridical. The results shows that the understanding of “violating decency” is limited to an element of action, which is considered fulfilled, using a systematic and grammatical interpretation referring to sexuality issue. This is not in accordance with the meaning of “violating decency” as showing evidence and instrumental function, which obliges judges to explore and enforce legal values living in the society. Decency norm should be explored as a relevant understanding of tort against the substantive law on electronic information dissemination actions violating decency.Keywords: decency violation; electronic information; violation to substantive law.
Legalitas Penggunaan Cryptocurrency Sebagai Alat Investasi Jangka Panjang Di Indonesia
Authors: Nahdi Taufik , Sili Eduardus Bayo
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis bagaimana legalitas penggunaan cryptocurrency sebagai alat investasi jangka panjang di Indonesia serta mengkaji dan menganalisis bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat atau para investor cryptocurrency di Indonesia, adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian skripsi ini yaitu menggunakan jenis penelitian normatif dengan metode pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan metode pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa pesatnya perkembangan cryptocurrency menyebabkan jumlah para pengguna atau investor cryptocurrency juga meningkat pesat di Indonesia sehingga pemerintah Indonesia harus membuat regulasi atau peraturan untuk memberikan kepastian hukum bagi para penggunanya, legalitas penggunaaan cryptocurrency di Indonesia sendiri telah diatur dan diawasi langsung oleh Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi (Bappebti) No 5 Tahun 2019 Tentang Ketentuan Tekhnis Penyelenggaraan Pasar Fisik Asset Krypto (Crypto Asset).
Price Discount dan Store Atmosphere terhadap Purchase Decision﻿
Authors: Mochamad Raffy Dwi Septiyana  , Dede R Oktini
Published: September 2023

Abstract. This study aims to determine how the price discount, store atmosphere, and purchasing decisions at The Kamasan Coffee Bandung, and to determine the effect of price discount, store atmosphere on purchasing decisions. This study uses quantitative research methods, the sampling technique used in this study uses the Slovin formula, the population in this study were consumers who had purchased food products from The Kamasan Coffee Bandung with a sample of 94 respondents. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive and verification analysis using multiple linear regression analysis, f test, t test, and the coefficient of determination. The results of this study indicate that price discount partially has a significant effect on purchasing decisions, and store atmosphere partially has a significant effect on purchasing decisions. Then simultaneously price discount, and store atmosphere, have a significant effect on Purchasing Decisions.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran price discount, store atmosphere, dan keputusan Pembelian di The Kamasan Coffee Bandung, serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh price discount, store atmosphere terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rumus Slovin, populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang pernah membeli produk makanan dari The Kamasan Coffee Bandung dengan sampel sebanyak 94 responden. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan verifikatif menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda, Uji f, Uji t, dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa price discount secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian, dan store atmosphere secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Lalu secara simultan price discount, dan store atmosphere, berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian.