bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the internal combustion engine pre-heating methods and their inﬂuence on the cold engine start performance at an ambient temperature of –40°C
Authors: Osipov V. S. , Terenchenko A. S.
Published: March 2022

Introduction (statement of the problem and relevance). Starting an internal combustion engine (ICE) at negative ambient temperatures is difﬁcult for a number of reasons. A decrease in the volatility of gasoline leads to the liquid fuel deposition on the cylinder walls, as a result of which the fuel-air mixture ignition is difﬁcult or impossible. Another reason is the geometric dimensions reduction of the gaps in the plain bearings, which is a consequence of the use of materials with different thermal expansion coefﬁcients in the engine design. The high kinematic viscosity of the oil creates a higher hydraulic resistance in the system. These factors complicate the engine oil ﬂow to friction pairs, which can lead to an oil starvation and bearing shell life reduction.

The purpose of the research was to determine the optimal pre-heating mode from the point of view of the process energy efﬁciency and the preservation of the engine resource.

Methodology and research methods. To control the thermal state, the internal combustion engine and the cooling circuit were equipped with measuring equipment. The values of temperature, pressure and volume ﬂow sensors were recorded. To implement the pre-heating modes proposed in the article, an engineering engine control unit was used, which allowed making changes in the basic software conﬁguration.

Scientiﬁc novelty and results. An alternative method of pre-heating has been proposed, including preheating of the engine oil-water heat exchanger to reduce the time for reaching the minimum oil pressure at the main gallery inlet during a cold start. The article provides descriptions of the regular and proposed pre-heating cycles, their assessment in accordance with the represented criteria. Experimental data on pre-heating cycles and cold starts at an ambient temperature of –40°C are presented. The necessity of warming up the engine standard water-oil heat exchanger before a cold start has been experimentally proved, the curves of pressure changes at the main gallery inlet, depending on the pre-heating mode, are given.

Practical signiﬁcance. Reducing the negative inﬂuence of cold start on the ICE resource.
Generalized energy model of the open thermodynamic system “vehicle fuel tank”. Processes of non-stationary heat transfer with a variable fuel mass
Authors: Ter-Mkrtich’yan A. A. , Glaviznin V. V. , Mikerin N. A. , Arabyan M. E. , Tseytlin A. A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction (statement of the problem and relevance). While gasoline-powered vehicles generate a signiﬁcant amount of hydrocarbons in the form of the fuel system emitted vapors, the main element of the system being the fuel tank, modern requirements for evaporative emission limits are signiﬁcantly tightened. At the same time, the vaporization process parameters and the fuel vapor amount are determined by the dynamics of fuel heating in the tank under various modes of vehicle operation.

The purpose of the research was to develop a “vehicle fuel tank” energy model, seeking to create an open thermodynamic system which can exchange matter and energy with the environment depending on the variable amount of fuel in the tank.

Methodology and research methods. The analysis of heat ﬂush connected to the fuel tank and taken away from it was being carried out. As a result of solving equations for open and closed thermodynamic systems, the parameters characterizing the thermal properties of the fuel tank were obtained.

Scientiﬁc novelty and results. Additional complex parameters have been proposed, the main of which are: heat transfer of the tank; tank heat capacity; supplied heat ﬂux; the rate of heat capacity change; tank emptying time; fuel heating acceleration factor; the maximum rate of change in temperature difference. To assess the heat and power properties of the fuel tank, an additional parameter of the sphere surface area ratio to the surface area of the same volume tank has been proposed, which allowed estimating the fuel tank heat transfer to the environment.

Practical signiﬁcance. Equations have been obtained that allow estimating the level of fuel temperature depending on the thermal properties and shape of the fuel tank in the absence and presence of fuel pump control.
The future of the internal combustion engine: actual development tasks
Authors: Khannanov M. D. , Alimgulov E. R. , Fardeev L. I. , Kulikov A. S.
Published: March 2022

Introduction (statement of the problem and relevance). The forthcoming vehicle environmental regulations to be introduced in the European Union (EU) in 2025–2026 involve aggressive emission limit scenarios combined with new real-world test conditions. The new environmental concept sets ambitious goals in relation to the power line of traditional vehicles with an internal combustion engine (ICE), such as: the main source of energy for automotive technology; high efﬁciency (more than 50% efﬁciency); ultra-low fuel consumption and ultra-low emissions (CO2, NOx, PM).

The purpose of the study was to analyze the prospective fuel efﬁciency and environmental safety requirements for wheeled vehicles to determine the main directions of internal combustion engines development to meet these requirements.

Methodology and research methods. The analytical methods of research included: the analysis of the commercial engines market; the investigation of world projects to tighten the requirements for environmental safety of wheeled vehicles; the study of the main internal combustion engines development concepts. Results. The prospective requirements for internal combustion engines have been analyzed, and as result of it, the concept of ICE development, the promising internal combustion engine view and an exhaust gas after-treatment system (EGATS) were worked out.

Practical signiﬁcance. The results of the study can be used for determining the requirements and main directions of research and development work when creating the new generations of internal combustion engines.
Hightech aus Barcelona
Authors: Kellerhoff Peter
Published: March 2022

Elektronik: Die Leitmesse rund um den Mobilfunk – der Mobile World Congress in Barcelona – ist vorüber. Auf ihr wurde die Technik von morgen präsentiert, teilweise heute schon zu haben. Eine Auswahl. Von Peter Kellerhoff
MOSH und MOAH
Authors: Fengler Romy
Published: March 2022

MOSH und MOAH sind die Akronyme, die Freunden von recyceltem Papier immer wieder Sorgen bereiten. Ein Seminar des bdvi vermittelte Grundlagen zu dieser Thematik.
Aldi erhöht noch mehr Preise
Authors: Mende Jan , Schulz Hans-Jürgen , Tewes Werner , Stockburger Manfred , Sachsenröder Delphine
Published: March 2022

Lebensmittel werden noch teurer: In dieser Woche hat Aldi für weitere Produkte die Preise erhöht. Die Konkurrenz zieht mit, denn der Kostendruck ist immens. Die Jahresvereinbarungen mit Lieferanten weichen zunehmend temporären und flexibleren Verträgen.
Spar hält Billa auf Distanz
Authors: Hofmann Janine
Published: March 2022

Spar Österreich hat die Marktführerschaft ausgebaut. Der Händler will weiterhin als preiswürdig gelten und angesichts starker Preissteigerungen künftig auf Marge verzichten.
Hersteller brauchen mehr Geld
Authors: Sachsenröder Delphine
Published: March 2022

Erst Corona, dann Krieg: Zwei Krisen gleichzeitig strapazieren die Finanzlage vieler Hersteller. Neben den allgegenwärtigen Kostensteigerungen belastet die Unternehmen, dass Rohstofflieferanten häufig auf Vorkasse bestehen. Auch eine erhöhte Lagerhaltung zur Absicherung der Produktion kostet erst einmal Geld.
Univar Solutions baut Forschungsnetzwerk für die Konsumgüterbranche
Authors: Brändlein Philip
Published: March 2022

Der Spezialchemie-Distributeur Univar Solutions will Konsumgüterherstellern in Deutschland nachhaltige Alternativen für ihre Formulierungen anbieten. Dafür baut der Milliardenkonzern Forschungszentren auf.
Teures Glas stellt Hersteller vor Probleme
Authors: Holst Jens , Murmann Christoph , Sachsenröder Delphine
Published: March 2022

Die hohen Energiekosten als Folge des Ukraine-Kriegs schlagen immer stärker auf die Glaspreise durch. Die Sorge vor Engpässen bei Flaschen und Gläsern wächst.
Brüssel verschiebt Agrarwende
Authors: Bender Hanno , Falker Gerrit-Milena
Published: March 2022

Der Krieg in der Ukraine hat auch Konsequenzen für die Agrarpolitik der EU-Kommission. Mit kurzfristigen Notfallmaßnahmen reagiert Brüssel auf drohende Versorgungsengpässe. Skeptiker fürchten dagegen einen Rückfall in die Zeit vor dem Green Deal.
Raus ins Freie
Authors: Sturm Anja
Published: March 2022

Seit zwei Jahren arbeiten Gastronomieunternehmer im Ausnahmezustand. Mit dem Ende der Coronabeschränkungen können sie aufatmen. Doch was hat die Krise mit ihnen gemacht und wie geht es jetzt weiter? Anja Sturm
Abgeliefert
Authors: Holst Jens
Published: March 2022

Immer mehr Lieferdienste tummeln sich auf Deutschlands Straßen. Das eröffnet Herstellern von Getränken auch abseits von Platzhirsch Flaschenpost weitere Chancen. Jens Holst
Kaufland gibt mehr für Preiswerbung aus
Authors: Rück Daniela
Published: March 2022

Es herrscht Unsicherheit am Werbemarkt – und das über alle werbungtreibenden Branchen hinweg. Wohin die Reise bei der Werbekonjunktur geht, hängt stark von der weiteren Entwicklung in der Ukraine ab. Noch zeigt sich der Food-Handel bis Ende Februar davon überwiegend unbeeindruckt und spendabel.
„Begegnung stabilisiert Geschäftsbeziehungen“
Authors: Biester Silke
Published: March 2022

Kontaktarmut in der Pandemie hat die Arbeit verändert. Distanz prägt auch externe Business-Kontakte. Der Psychologe Jens Lönneker, Rheingold Salon, über Kontrollverlust, die Sehnsucht nach Normalität und die Rückkehr ins Büro.
PARCERIA PÚBLICO-PRIVADA NA GESTÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO: DE UM PROGRAMA EXPERIMENTAL A UMA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA DE GESTÃO PARA RESULTADOS
Authors: Silva Emanoel Lourenço da , Borges Maria Creusa de Araújo
Published: March 2022

O artigo problematiza a implantação e expansão do modelo de gestão para resultados na educação de Pernambuco, tendo como referência uma parceria público-privada iniciada no Ginásio Pernambucano. O texto resulta de uma pesquisa que analisa as conexões entre o público e o privado na gestão da escola pública e sua influência na promoção de um modelo de gestão escolar. Para isso considera os principais instrumentos jurídico-políticos norteadores da gestão da educação, no período de 2004 – 2014 e discute a atuação do Estado na condução de políticas educacionais no contexto pós reforma do aparelho do Estado.
Micro-credentials for Social Mobility in Rural Postsecondary Communities: A Landscape Report
Authors: Tinsley Brian , Cacicio Sarah , Shah Zohal , Parker Daniel , Younge Odelia , Luke Luna Christina
Published: March 2022

This landscape report explores the impact of earning micro-credentials on the social mobility of rural learners. Through four in-depth case studies, we show how earning micro-credentials may lead to credential attainment, workforce entry, promotions, and/or economic improvements (e.g., salary increase, prioritizing learners impacted by poverty), particularly for Black, Latino, and Indigenous populations, as well as women. All of the initiatives emphasize the need for strong regional partnerships across educational sectors and deeper efforts to engage communities of color to lead to greater impact. Preliminary research indicates that micro-credentials can—and in some cases, do—lead to job promotions, higher wages, and an increase in self-confidence for rural learners.
"КӨКШЕТАУ" МҰТП СУ АЙДЫНДАРЫНДАҒЫ БАЛЫҚТАР ПОПУЛЯЦИЯСЫНЫҢ ДИНАМИКАСЫ
Authors: Шуткараев А.В.  , Асылбекова А.С
Published: March 2022

Бұл мақалада "Көкшетау" МҰТП су айдындарындағы балықтар популяциясының динамикасын зерттеу нәтижелері келтірілген. 4 су айдыны (Зеренді, Имантау, Лобаново, Шалқар) және балықтың 9 түрі зерттелді. Биологиялық көрсеткіштер динамикасында бәсекелестік аясында қорек ресурстарының жетіспеушілігімен байланысты тортаның баяу өсуі байқалады, белгілі бір қартаю тыран мен оңғақ популяциясында байқалады, бозша мөңкеде өте қанағаттанарлық көрсеткіштерге ие, тұқы, кәдімгі шортан және ақсахалар оң динамикаға ие болды. Кәдімгі алабұғаның биологиялық көрсеткіштерінің динамикасы әртүрлі бағытта, Шалқар көлінде олар басқа су айдындарымен салыстырғанда жоғары болды, Зеренді көлінде тиісінше балық аулаудың іске қосылуынан туындаған біршама теріс үрдіс байқалды. Жастық құрамы динамикасында торта, тыран және кәдімгі шортан өте тұрақты популяцияға ие болды, ал оңғақ және бозша мөңке популяциясы салыстырмалы түрде тұрақты күйде екендігі анықталды. Тұқы мен ақсахалар популяциясының жағдайы балықтандыруға байланысты. Зерттеу нәтижелері бойынша "Көкшетау" МҰТП су айдындарында әуесқойлық аулауды, өсімін молайту мақсатында балық аулауды ұйымдастыру ұсынылады, сондай-ақ мелиоративтік аулауды жүргізу қажеттілігі анықталды.
РОЛЬ И МЕСТО ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТОВ В ФИЗИЧЕСКОМ ИССЛЕДОВАНИИ
Authors: Мукушев Б.А
Published: March 2022

В статье изложены вопросы реализации (компьютерных) экспериментов в процессе изучения физических явлений. Выделены основные этапы проведения вычислительного эксперимента.  Рассмотрены вопросы создания физических, математических и компьютерных моделей исследуемых объектов, которые составляют основу этапов вычислительного эксперимента. В статье представлена методика использования ПППMathCAD при проведении эксперимента.
СИЫРЛАРДА ЭМБРИОНАЛДЫҚ ӨЛІМДІКТІҢ ТАРАЛУЫ, БАЛАУЫ ЖӘНЕ АЛДЫН АЛУ
Authors: Бағдат А.Б  , Усенбеков Е.С
Published: March 2022

Авторлар сиырларда ерте мерзімде  буаздықты анықтауға зертханалық  ИФТ «Bovine Pregnancy Test Kit» коммерциялық жиынтығынның көмегімен  ELx808 (микропланшетті ридер) маркалы иммунноферменттік  анализаторды пайдалана отырып қолдан ұрықтандырғаннан кейін 26 тәуліктен бастап қан сары суында  pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) ақзатын өлшеу  арқылы балау жасау  мүмкіндігін көрсеткен.  «Медеу Коммерц» сүт фермасында эмбрионалдық өлімдіктің таралуы  22,22% құрады. Анықталғаны,  26-35 тәулік арасында ИФТ әдісімен және 60-65 тәулік аралығында ректалдық әдіспен балау жасау, сиырларда эмбрионалдық өлімдікті балаудың тиімді тәсілі болып табылады. Өндіріс жағдайында сиырларда эмбрионалдық өлімдіктің алдын алуға, қолдан ұрықтандырғаннан кейін 5 тәулікте, 7 тәулікте бұлшық етке прогестерон гормонының 2,5% майлы ерітіндісін 10,0 мл мөлшерінде пайдалану оң нәтиже береді, бұл әдіс эмбрионалдық өлімдікті   8,24% төмендетеді.
ҚАЗАҚСТАННЫҢ ОҢТҮСТІГІНДЕ КҮЗДІК БИДАЙДЫ ТІКЕЛЕЙ СЕБУ КЕЗІНДЕ ТЫҢАЙТҚЫШТАРДЫҢ ТҮРЛІ МӨЛШЕРЛЕРІН ПАЙДАЛАНУДЫҢ ӨНІМДІЛІККЕ ӘСЕРІ
Authors: Туребаева С.Д  , Сыдык  Д.А  , Жаппарова А.А
Published: March 2022

Мақалада Қазақстанның оңтүстігінде күздік бидайды тікелей себу кезінде түрлі тыңайту мөлшерлерінің дақылдың өсіп-өнуі мен өнімділігін қалыптастыруына әсерін анықтау бойынша жүргізілген зерттеу нәтижелері келтірілген. Зерттеу жұмыстары 2018-2021 жылдар аралығында Оңтүстік-Батыс мал шаруашылығы және өсімдік шаруашылығы ғылыми-зерттеу институтының егістік стационары мен зертханаларында орындалған. Зерттеулерде Қазақстанның егіншілік саласындағы зерттеулерде қолданылатын жаппай қабылданған әдістемелер негізінде, зерттеулерде бақылауды қоса алғанда тыңайтудың 8 нұсқасы қолданылған. Зерттеу нәтижелері тікелей себумен өсіру кезінде тыңайтқыштарды қолданудың өсімдіктердің өсіп-өнуі мен өнімділігін қалыптастыруына оң әсер ететіндігін, тыңайтқыштарды пайдаланудың күздік бидай өнімділігін бақылау нұсқасымен салыстырғанда 4,5 ц/га-ден 24,1 ц/га дейін арттыратындығын көрсеткен. Ең жоғарғы өнімділік азотты-фосфорлы тыңайтқыштардың P45N70 нормасы енгізілген нұсқада, зерттеу жылдарына орташа алғанда 36,3 ц/га мөлшерінде қалыптасқан.
ВЫРАЩИВАНИЕ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ В СЕВЕРНОМ КАЗАХСТАНЕ
Authors: Кабанова С.А  , Кабанов А.Н  , Крекова Я.А  , Данченко М.А  , Скотт С.А  , Оспангалиев А.С  , Борцов В.А
Published: March 2022

Начато исследование агротехники выращивания лекарственных трав в Северном Казахстане. Для получения качественного сырья, не уступающего по фармакологии дикорастущим растениям, необходимо соблюдение агротехнических норм и приемов. Выращенный материал без учета районирования или по рекомендациям для других регионов, может оказаться бесполезным с точки зрения фармакологии. Поэтому новизна данных исследований заключается в разработке научно-обоснованных мероприятий по возделыванию лекарственных растений в разрезе регионального районирования и с применением интродукции редких и исчезающих видов. Цель исследований: разработка оптимального способа выращивания лекарственных трав в Северном Казахстане. Научно-исследовательские работы выполнялись в Акмолинской области на землях крестьянского хозяйства «Коктерек». В качестве объектов исследований выбраны следующие виды лекарственных трав: эхинацея пурпурная (Echinacea purpurea Moench), шалфей лекарственный (Salvia officinalis), душица обыкновенная (Origani vulgaris), котовник лимонный (Népeta catária), адонис летний (Adónis aestivális), девясил высокий (Ínula helénium), тимьян ползучий (Thymus serpyllum). Выявлено, что использование азотного удобрения повлияло на повышение полевой всхожести семян всех растений, т.к. на контроле полевая всхожесть была ниже на 6,3 – 62,8% по сравнению с опытом. Абсолютно сухая масса надземной части одного растения у шалфея лекарственно, душицы обыкновенной, тимьяна ползучего, адониса летнего и котовника лимонного в опыте превышала аналогичный показатель на контроле на 12,6 – 18,0%. Урожайность котовника лимонного, душицы обыкновенной, шалфея лекарственного, тимьяна ползучего и адониса летнего на опытном участке была больше на 1,7-35,8, чем на контроле. Следовательно, использование азотных удобрений на биометрические показатели и урожайность лекарственных трав, в основном, влияет положительно. Но при выращивании эхинацеи пурпурной и девясила высокого рекомендуется не использовать минеральное удобрение.
ДОМИНИРУЮЩИЕ ФИЛЛОФАГИ НАСАЖДЕНИЙ ULMUS PUMILA ЗЕЛЕНОЙ ЗОНЫ ГОРОДА НУР-СУЛТАН
Authors: Вибе Е.П  , Панкратова К.А  , Куанышбаев Н.К  , Капар Б.К
Published: March 2022

Искусственные насаждения зеленой зоны города Нур-Султан имеют огромное экологическое значение для улучшения состояния окружающей среды и создания привлекательных мест отдыха для жителей столицы Казахстана. В связи с периодическим возникновением вспышек массового размножения разных видов насекомых-филлофагов на территории зеленой зоны, возникла необходимость в уточнении их видового состава и оценки опасности для насаждений. В данной статье приведены результаты анализа данных по доминирующим видам листоядных насекомых Ulmus pumila. Исследования проводились по общепринятым в лесопатологии и энтомологии методикам. Опасными видами, дающими сильные вспышки массового размножения и способными привести к сильному ослаблению насаждений, являются Erannis defoliaria, Lycia hirtariа. Видами, вспышки которых не наблюдались в течение длительного времени, но представляющие серьёзную опасность для насаждений являются Exaereta ulmi и Arge captiva. Orchestes steppensis является массовым видом, повреждения которого не оказывают решающего воздействия на насаждения, однако приводят к ослаблению и потере эстетических качеств.
EFFECT OF SALICYLIC ACID AND OXALIC ACID ON THE RESISTANCE TO WHEAT RUST DISEASE (BASIDIOMYCETES, UREDINALES, PUCCINIA)
Authors: Irkitbay A  , Galymbek K  , Musayev K.L
Published: March 2022

Wheat rust pathogens belong to genus Puccinia, family Pucciniaceae, order Uredinales and class Basidiomycetes. During epiphytosis, the fungus causes significant damage to crops, disrupts assimilation processes in plants and reduces photosynthesis. Spring soft wheat Arai variety was tested for rust resistance. In this study, we used different concentrations of salicylic acid and oxalic acid. We treated the wheat seeds and seedlings with different concentrated acids. In the context of the artificial epidemic, during the rooting, dulling and germination stages of wheat development, we were infected with spores of yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici), brown rust (Ruccinia tritici Erikss) and stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. F. Sp. Tritici). We tested the effect of different concentrations of salicylic acid and oxalic acid on wheat rust disease.. The results of the study showed that the seeds were found to be moderately resistant to yellow rust of wheat treated with concentrated acid 0.25 mM SA + 0.1 mM OA (1) and 0.25 mM SA + 0.2 mM OA (3). 0.5 mM SA + 0.2 mM OA (2) was immunocompromised to brown rust when treated with concentrated acid spray. In organic agriculture, the chemical control of deafness in wheat leads to environmental pollution, in addition is not economically viable and a realistic way to combat it. Therefore, we need to look for effective ways for disease control. The data obtained in the study allow to fight against yellow rust and brown rust of wheat.
ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ СОРТООБРАЗЦОВ ЯРОВОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ, ОТОБРАННЫХ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ RGB ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ
Authors: Ыдырыс А.А  , Сарбаев А.Т  , Есимбекова М.А  , Дубекова С.Б
Published: March 2022

С использованием обычных цифровых камер с соответствующими программными обеспечениями для анализа RGB изображений можно оценить не только зеленую биомассу, но и другие характеристики растительности. Ряд простых операций с цветовыми гаммами может предоставить множество параметров, которые могут быть потенциально использованы в качестве индикаторов характеристики растительности. В статье приведены результаты исследовании по определению набора индексов растительности с помощью анализа RGB изображений в качестве критерия для отбора высокопродуктивных образцов яровой пшеницы. В результате проведенного анализа изображении RGB выделены образцы с наилучшими показателями цветовых параметров, где установлены высокие показатели урожайности по сравнению с остальными изученными образцами. Как и индекс NDVI цветовые параметры обеспечивают более надежный прогноз продуктивности сортооборазцов в мелкоделяночных селекционных опытах.
ҚАМЫРДЫҢ РЕОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ ҚАСИЕТТЕРІН ЖӘНЕ ГЛЮТЕНСІЗ МАКАРОН ӨНІМДЕРІНІҢ ҚҰРЫЛЫМЫН ЗЕРТТЕУ
Authors: Байкенов А.Ө  , Кизатова М.Е  , Байгенжинов К.А  , Есимова Ж.А  , Нурыш А.Б
Published: March 2022

Целиакия ауруы бар адамдар үшін глютенсіз өнімдерге сұраныстың артуы жоғары сапалы глютенсіз өнімдерді өндіруде қолданылатын глютенді алмастыру бойынша маңызды технологиялық зерттеулерге әкелді. Бұл жұмыстың мақсаты күріш ұны негізіндегі макарон өнімдерін өндіруде қолданылатын глютенсіз қамырдың реологиялық және текстуралық қасиеттеріне (гидроколлоидтар, су және ақуыздар) әсерін бағалау болды. Глютенсіз күріш ұнынан жасалған макарон - кеңінен қолданылатын ең танымал макарон өнімдерінің бірі. Глютенсіз макарон өнімдеріне арналған зерттеулер негізінен тек күріш ұнын немесе басқа глютенсіз дәнді дақылдармен, қоспалармен байланыстырады. Глютенсіз макарон қамырының серпімділігі мен реологиялық қасиеттері зерттелінді. Ксантан, гуар шайыры - тұтқырлықты, қаттылықты арттыру, түпкілікті өнімге текстура мен дәм қосу үшін тағамдық технологияда қолданылатын тұрақтандырғыштар болып табылады. Ксантан мен гуар шайырларын пайдалану қажетті текстуралық қасиеттерге қол жеткізу үшін қамырдың оңтайлы құрамын табуға мүмкіндік береді.
Analisis Sentimen dan Pemodelan Topik dalam Optimalisasi Pemasaran Destinasi Pariwisata Prioritas di Indonesia
Authors: Singgalen Yerik Afrianto
Published: March 2022

This article analyzes a theoretical perspective on sentiment analysis approaches and topic modeling to optimize tourism destination marketing using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The analysis consists of planning, implementation, and reporting stages. This Review Literature focuses on tourism destinations in Indonesia, in particular the ten priority destinations. The results of this study are that the sentiment analysis approach and topic modeling can optimize the marketing strategy of ten priority destinations in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the sentiment analysis results need to be explicitly described based on tourist attraction, tourism supporting accommodation, tourism support accessibility, and tourist activities. Furthermore, modeling topics about tourism destinations need to be classified in-depth based on tourism support, accessibility of tourism support, tourist activities, tourist attractions, and the context of vulnerability.
Perancangan Website E-commerce Produk Kopi Menggunakan Metode Prototyping (Studi Kasus: Kedai Kopi Kontekstual)
Authors: Wijayakusuma Nyokro Hidayat Purba , Saintika Yudha , Susanto Irwan
Published: March 2022

Bisnis kedai kopi telah mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Adanya trend nongkrong membuat bisnis kedai kopi meningkatkan pelayanan untuk kepuasan pelanggan. Kualitas pelayanan, produk, dan pengalaman pemasaran memiliki dampak penting dalam memenuhi kepuasan konsumen. Kedai Kopi Kontekstual merupakan kedai kopi yang berlokasi di Banyumas. Kedai Kopi Kontekstual masih dalam proses bertumbuh dan berkembang. Asset yang dimiliki Kedai Kopi Kontekstual cukup besar yaitu kebun kopi, mesin roasting, dan SDM. Melalui asset tersebut pemilik berharap dapat menjangkau pasar nasional. Kondisi pasar yang terbatas membuat Kedai Kopi Kontekstual perlu melakukan upaya jaringan pemasaran yang lebih luas. Sebagai upaya pengembangan pasar Kedai Kopi Kontekstual membutuhkan fasilitasi sistem dalam  yang mampu mengakomodasikan  penjualan dan sistem transaksi. Metode prototyping merupakan salah satu pendekatan dalam rekayasa perangkat lunak yang mendemonstrasikan bagaimana mengembangkan sistem secara sederhana, memberikan akses kepada pengguna konsep dasar sistem serta pengujian. UML digunakan sebagai rancangan gambaran sistem secara keseluruhan, website berbasis online menggunakan bahasa pemrograman visual studio code, javascript (framework ReactJS), Node Js dan database MySQL. Tujuan dari perancangan website adalah memperluas jangkauan pemasaran, brandawareness, dan meningkatkan pengetahuan calon pelanggan terhadap Kedai Kopi Kontekstual. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berhasil membuat rancangan website yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan Kedai Kopi Kontekstual.
Analisis Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Green Supply Chain Pengerajin Jumputan Berbasis Demand Driven
Authors: Herdiansyah Muhammad Izman , Syamsuar Dedy , Syazili Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Konsep green supply chain (GSC) banyak diterapkan dalam mengatasi permasalahan limbah industri, seperti pengerajin tekstil tradisional Jumputan Palembang. Proses pembuatan kain jumputan menggunakan air dan menghasilkan limbah cair yang berpotensi membahayakan lingkungan. Penerapan konsep teknologi ramah lingkungan dalam pengelolaan rantai pasokan bisnis dapat mengatasi hal tersebut jika dikelola dengan optimal. Paper ini menyajikan hasil analisis jaringan GSC dalam bentuk model proses dan prototipe sistem informasi yang dapat digunakan oleh pengerajin untuk mengolah data pengadaan, produksi, dan penjualan produk jumputan mereka, serta yang tidak kalah pentingnya adalah pengelolaan data limbah cair. Limbah cair ini akan diproses menjadi air bersih kembali oleh pengerajin secara bersama-sama. Dihasilkan beberapa model GSC yang dapat digunakan oleh peneliti, pengerajin maupun pemerintah untuk mengatasi permasalahan dampak lingkungan dari limbah proses pembuatan kain jumputan. Model analisis yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan untk mengoptimalkan proses produksi dan penjualan kain jumputan oleh pengerajin. Di saat yang sama juga dapat dihasilkan model bisnis baru terkait pengolahan limbah produksi ini, yaitu dengan menghadirkan atau membuat unit bank limbah. Konsep model bank limbah ini dapat mengoptimalkan pengendalian dampak lingkungan akibat limbah cair produksi jumputan di kawasan industri pengerajin jumputan, dan hasil ini dapat direplikasi di kawasan industri yang lain dalam bentuk yang sejenis.
The Impact of Flearn Usefulness and Ease of Use Perception on FTI UKSW Students Learning Motivation Using Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Fina Meiselia Ekawati Asoney , Chernovita Hanna Prillysca , Bangkalang Dwi Hosanna
Published: March 2022

Fakultas Teknologi Informasi (FTI) merupakan salah satu fakultas pengguna Flearn di UKSW, Flearn digunakan untuk mendukung kegiatan belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh persepsi kemanfaatan dan persepsi kemudahan penggunaan Flearn terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa FTI UKSW menggunakan metode Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) serta software SPSS versi 22 sebagai alat untuk mengolah data. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari dua variabel bebas yaitu persepsi kemanfaatan (PU) dan persepsi kemudahan penggunaan (PEOU) serta satu variabel terikat yaitu motivasi belajar (Y). Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 90 mahasiswa FTI UKSW angkatan 2018, 2019, dan 2020. Hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan uji T pada variabel persepsi kemanfaatan (PU) terhadap variabel motivasi belajar (Y) menunjukan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.000 < 0.05 dan nilai t-hitung sebesar 5.091 > 1.991, uji T pada variabel persepsi kemudahan penggunaan (PEOU) terhadap variabel motivasi belajar (Y) menunjukan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.102 > 0.05 dan nilai t-hitung sebesar 1.655 < 1.991, selanjutnya uji F pada variabel persepsi kemanfaatan (PU) dan variabel persepsi kemudahan penggunaan (PEOU) secara simultan terhadap  variabel motivasi belajar (Y) menunjukan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.000 < 0.05 dan nilai f-hitung sebesar 48.067 > 3.10.
Strategic Planning of Information Systems at Leony Frozen Food Agents in Semarang Using Ward and Peppard Methods
Authors: Nabena Daniel Chris Petra , Chernovita Hanna Prillysca
Published: March 2022

Leony Frozen Food is a micro (small and medium) company that sells food in a frozen and cold temperature state located in Semarang. Leony Frozen Food still uses manual methods in carrying out its business process activities, and one example is doing bookkeeping. Leony Frozen Food does bookkeep still manually recorded in books and moved in the Android application, namely Cash Books. Therefore, IS/IT strategic planning is needed following the needs and current conditions of the company. This research aims to improve effectiveness and efficiency in carrying out business processes and providing solutions to problems in Leony Frozen Food. This study used data collection methods by interviewing company owners and direct observation to Leony Frozen Food. The methods used to conduct SI/IT strategic planning in this study used the Ward and Peppard methods, which included internal and external analysis of the company using Value Chain analysis, SWOT analysis, Porter's Five Forces analysis, and producing output in the form of IS/IT application proposals mapped using the McFarlan Strategic Grid. The results of IS/IT strategic planning are implemented in the next four years.
Abundance and fractional solubility of aerosol iron during winter at a coastal city in northern China
Authors: Tang Mingjin , Zhang Huanhuan , Li Rui , Dong Shuwei
Published: March 2022

Aerosol deposition is a major source of soluble Fe in open oceans, affecting marine biogeochemistry and primary production. However, Fe fractional solubility, a key parameter in estimating deposition fluxes of soluble aerosol Fe, is still highly uncertain. Abundance and fractional solubility of aerosol Fe in fine and coarse particles was measured at Qingdao (a coastal city in northern China) in November-December 2019. Average concentrations of total and soluble Fe were found to be 798±466 and 7.7±14.5 ng/m3 in coarse particles, and 801±534 and 7.3±7.6 ng/m3 in fine particles. Total Fe was well correlated with total Al for both fine and coarse particles, whereas soluble Fe was correlated with total Al for coarse particle but not for fine particles. Fe solubility was significantly lower in coarse particles (average: 0.80±1.03%) than fine particles (average 1.29±1.41%), and inverse relationship was observed between Fe solubility and total Fe concentration for fine particles but not for coarse particles. Compared to clean days, total Fe concentration was substantially increased during dust and haze days; however, Fe solubility was significantly reduced in dust days and elevated in haze days. Primary emission and secondary formation both contributed significantly to enhanced Fe solubility for both fine and coarse particles. Higher Fe solubility (>1%) in fine and coarse particles was usually observed at high aerosol acidity (pH<4) and high RH (>60%), suggesting critical roles of aerosol acidity and RH in regulating aerosol Fe solubility.
Neural-network-based sea state reconstruction of under-resolved coastal spectral wave computations
Authors: Kuehn Jannik , Abadie Stéphane , Roeber Volker
Published: March 2022

Having access to accurate and high-resolution wave height forecasts is paramount for the safety of coastal communities all over the world. However, even on computer clusters, computations of high-resolution forecasts for larger parts of the coast are still taking a significant amount of time. It is therefore attractive to work with coarser resolutions and benefit from low computational load, to then recover a finer resolution through a reconstruction process of the missing information.

Here, we apply a neural-network-based super-resolution technique to the reconstruction of significant wave height and other sea state variables calculated over coarse resolution by a spectral wave model. Employing the DSC/MS model of Fukami, Fukagata, and Taira (2019) we accomplished a 67-times lower computation time in comparison to the initial  time necessary for the equivalent fine resolution, by reconstructing sea state variables with comparable accuracy through the neural network.

We present the potential of the technique by applying it to a case study site located at the Basque Coast near Biarritz, France where we achieved reasonable accuracy using only one year of training data with the help of traditional Machine Learning methods like "Transfer Learning" and "Data Augmentation". Though the present formulation only allows for the use of the super-resolution technique in combination with uniform grids, the method has potential to be expanded to non-uniform grids and other coastal wave models based on different governing equations. We will also comment on the efficiency of the training process and requirements with respect to data quality. 

Overall, incorporation of the presented method into major wave forecasting models like SWAN or WAVEWATCH III has the potential to allow for the creation of "zoomed-in" areas of interest without the requirement for supplementary calculations at higher resolution.   
Bridging GRACE and GRACE Follow-On TWS gap using forward-backward autoregressive model
Authors: Lenczuk Artur , Klos Anna , Weigelt Matthias , Kosek Wieslaw , Mikocki Jan , Bogusz Janusz
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, huge number of regions spread around the World are struggling with the problem of water availability. Hence, the quality and quantity of continental water resources must be regularly controlled. Currently, land water components are monitored, among others by measuring their weight, type and density or analyzing the level of water in the stilling wells. However, due to the time-consuming nature of such measurements, information on each components monitoring is lacking in many areas. For 15 years, the information about global hydrological changes has been regularly examined using monthly gravity fields provided by Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission. GRACE mission ended in October 2017 and almost a year later, the GRACE Follow‐On (GRACE-FO) mission was launched in May 2018. Bridging the gap between both GRACE missions is currently a large challenge. In the following study, we propose a new bridging approach based on remove-restore technique combined with an autoregressive model (AR); the latter is utilized for residuals. The residuals are obtained as differences between GRACE/GRACE-FO data and climatology defined by Total Water Storage (TWS) parameter for Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) hydrological model. Residual annual sine-curve and its 3 overtones are then subtracted with the use of Least Squares Estimation (LSE) method. We predict missing TWS values using backward-forward AR approach. We conduct the TWS forecasting in two stages: (1) based only on the values before the gap (forward approach) and (2) the values available after the gap (backward approach). In our study, to test the adopted approach, we generate artificial 11 months gap. Comparing TWS values from our technique to values from original GRACE data in testing gap, we obtain differences within ±90 cm with median equal to -8 cm. The extreme values are observed in Amazon, Southern Asia or Alaska. The analysis of ratio between GRACE minus GLDAS and GRACE minus predicted values shows that our approach is better than the hydrological model standalone for more than 70% of continental areas. In the case of natural gap between both GRACE generation mission, the misclosures in backward-forward prediction calculated between TWS values predicted by forward and backward approach is 10 cm. This represents approximately 20% of total signal for observed TWS in 53% areas of the World. The presentation will include a discussion on regional analysis upon the areas characterized with extreme water changes occurred in natural observation gap. Analysis shows that presented method is able to capture the occurrence of droughts or floods, but does not reflect its magnitude. The obtained results indicate that presented remove-restore AR approach can be utilized to forecast geophysical changes much better for regions characterized with insignificant seasonal hydrological effect.
Climate response to COVID-19 emission reductions: A testbed to understand atmospheric circulation adjustments to aerosol forcing 
Authors: Fahrenbach Nora , Bollasina Massimo
Published: March 2022

Many nations declared national lockdowns to limit the spread of COVID-19. This resulted in a dramatic, albeit temporary, reduction of many aerosol precursors and greenhouse gas emissions mainly from transport and industry. We analyse the output of various Earth system models participating in CovidMIP to investigate the impact of COVID-related emission reductions on the near-term climate across the Northern Hemisphere. A key finding is that surface anomalies are associated with a hemispheric-wide upper-tropospheric circulation response, featuring a wave-like pattern in the mid-latitudes and Arctic oscillation-type anomalies in the high latitudes during winter and spring. This is accompanied by changes in the vertical atmospheric temperature structure and consequent meridional shift of the NH jet. These anomalous patterns reverse between 2020 and 2021 and are shown to be consistent with the underlying changes in aerosol emissions. Our findings provide additional evidence to the important role of atmospheric circulation adjustments in realising the aerosol impact, which has significant implications for diagnosing the interplay between anthropogenic forcing and internal variability in the context of climate change.  
Historical increases in flood variability due to changing storm volumes and soil moisture
Authors: Wasko Conrad , Nathan Rory , Stein Lina , O'Shea Declan
Published: March 2022

Changes in flooding have substantial economic consequences. Increases in flooding increase economic losses while decreases in flooding increase water scarcity. Greater extreme rainfalls due to climate change are expected to cause greater flood magnitudes. This is particularly true for urban and developed catchments where there is a lack of impervious surfaces and surface water storage. However, in rural and undeveloped catchments historical trends are mixed, with many catchments experiencing decreases in flood magnitude.

Here we argue the observed increase in flood variability is due to (1) changes in the extreme rainfall patterns and antecedent soil moisture conditions that drive flood response, and (2) the influence of event rarity on the interaction of these flood drivers. To investigate this hypothesis, we use 2776 stations from the Global Runoff Data Centre paired with rainfall and soil moisture from the Global Land Data Assimilation System. Flood events are chosen to isolate the flood driving rainfall volume, rainfall peak, and antecedent soil moisture, and trends are analysed in each of these variables alongside the subsequent flood peak. The analysis is limited to stations with 30 years or more of active record with the majority of stations in North America, Europe, Brazil, Oceania, and southern Africa.

We find that, while peak rainfall magnitudes are increasing globally, storm volumes are not increasing as greatly, resulting in a decrease in storm durations. Antecedent soil moisture on the other hand is consistently drier across the world. The result is a mixed flood response that depends on the local climate and the event rarity. In temperate and cold regions of the world floods are generally increasing in magnitude – these increases are less for more frequent events (those expected to occur on average once per year) and greater for more rare events (those expected to occur once every 10 years). The increases in flood magnitude are consistently less than the increases in the peak rainfall and rainfall volume because of drying soils.

In tropical and arid regions, there is a decline in flood magnitude for frequent flood events, with increases in flood magnitude only for the rarest events. This is because, in these regions, the antecedent moisture decreases outweigh the increase in rainfall. These results point to a worst of both world’s scenario where small floods, responsible for filling our water supplies, are decreasing, while the large flood events which pose a risk to life and infrastructure, are increasing.
Evaluation and Optimization of Low Impact Development Designs for Sustainable Stormwater Management in a Changing Climate
Authors: Abduljaleel Yasir , Demissie Yonas
Published: March 2022

The Intensity and frequency of extreme storms have been increasing due to possible climate change, making it challenging to manage stormwaters in highly urbanized areas. Without an adequate and appropriate stormwater system, these storms may cause significant damage and losses to live and properties. Low Impact Development (LID) is a recent but widely accepted alternative for managing the increased stormwater. However, limited research is available to understand their effectiveness and optimize the mix of LIDs and conventional stormwater systems. This study evaluates the performance of several LIDs under current and future storm conditions, identify the best performing mixes of LIDs and convention stormwater system and provide a decision-making tool for urban stormwater management. The methodologies will be tested for Renton City, which is part of the Seattle Metropolitan Area.

In order to achieve our objective, first, a statistical rainfall-runoff model will be developed to assess the current stormwater system and estimate runoff for the current and future periods. The final results indicate a significant increase in runoff due to the increased rainfall in the future (2020-2040) compared to the past (1995-2014). The Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) will then be used to simulate the rainfall-runoff under conventional and LIDs (e.g., bio-retention, rain barrels, rain gardens, infiltration trenches, and permeable pavement) stormwater system. The final results show that the performance of LIDs in reducing total runoff volume varies with the types and combinations of LIDs. A 30% to 75% reduction in runoff was achieved for the past and future 50-year and 100-year storms. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the LID and conventional stormwater system considering the reduction in runoff, installation and maintenance costs. The type, size, location, and number of different LIDs will be considered as decision variables for the GA. Finally, the study aims at developing a comprehensive framework to evaluate the performance of LIDs under present and future storms and identify cost and performance effective LIDs in a given urban area. The framework introduced in this study will help local authorities and practitioners to implement appropriate climate change adaptation strategies by maximizing the benefit from LIDs and ensure sustainable stormwater management for the current and future climates.
A three-dimensional simulation and process analysis of tropospheric Ozone Depletion Events (ODEs) during the springtime of Arctic using CMAQ
Authors: Li Simeng , Cao Le
Published: March 2022

The tropospheric Ozone Depletion Event (ODE), first observed at Barrow, Alaska (now known as Utqiagvik), is a phenomenon that occurs during the springtime of Arctic. During ODEs, the surface ozone declines rapidly from a background level of 40-60 ppbv to a few ppbv, within a couple of days or even hours. In the present study, we made a three-dimensional simulation of ODEs occurring during March 28 to April 5, 2019 at Barrow and its surrounding areas, using a 3-D multi-scale air quality model, CMAQ.

Three ODEs observed at Barrow were accurately captured in the model and analyzed thoroughly using the tool of process analysis. It was found that the first ODE occurred on March 29 was mostly caused by a transport of a low-ozone air to the west of the Chukchi Sea. In contrast, the occurrence of another ODE between March 30 and 31 is attributed to a horizontal transport of the ozone-lacking air from the Beaufort sea. This ozone-lacking air ascribes to a release of abundant sea-salt aerosols from the Bering Strait under a strong wind condition, resulted from a cyclone formed at the Chukotka Peninsula. Afterwards, bromine is activated from the sea-salt aerosols, consuming ozone over the sea. It was found that over the sea, the consumption of the surface ozone due to chemical processes reaches as large as 10 ppb. During this ODE, ozone drops to a level lower than 5 ppb. In contrast, BrO attains a maximum of approximately 100 ppt. This ozone-lacking air over the sea thus leads to the partial ODE occurring at Barrow through the horizontal transport. The third ODE occurring on April 2 was also found to be mainly caused by the horizontal advection from the sea. Later on, on April 3, ozone in the boundary layer is replenished by the strong vertical diffusion of ozone-rich air from the free troposphere, leading to the termination of this ODE. 

Our 3-D simulations also indicate that the vertical properties of the atmosphere exert a remarkable impact on the vertical distribution of chemical species. Under strong uplifting and warm underlying surfaces, the ozone-lacking air can break through the top of the boundary layer, affecting the free atmosphere. 