bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Welfare of the Maasai Girl Child in Narok County, Kenya
Authors: Masago Morompi Ole , Alice Sambu , Reuben Kweingoti G. , Sheila Jebet , Chaka Bakari , Joshua Kelele
Published: November 2021

The Maasai girl child is vulnerable to poor menstrual hygiene, teen pregnancies, early marriages, domestic violence and female genital mutilation (FGM). Schools had temporarily offered the girls a shelter towards these challenges. However, covid-19 pandemic led to indefinite closure of schools forcing the girls back home to the full glare of these predicaments. Additionally, there was fear of the health pandemic which had also affected the economy. This study aimed at examining how covid-19 pandemic had affected the welfare of the Maasai girl child in Narok county, Kenya. A cross-sectional design of study was used. Data was collected using questionnaires and by observations. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that frustrations over lack of basic needs coupled with numerous domestic violence incidences caused the girls to engage in ‘sex for sanitary towels’. 83.1% of the girls did not use any sex protection means while majority of the rest used ineffective methods. FGM was at its peak as there was abundant time to practice it and less government interference. In conclusion, the Maasai girls’ welfare was in dire need for external assistance. Government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) should urgently intervene to rescue the Maasai girl child.
Applied Research in the Production of a Genre Film: Production Design and Realization of a School Movie
Authors: Aletras Nikolaos
Published: November 2021

The production of a film for research purposes (film-based research) is a growing qualitative scientific research method, applied in many scientific fields. The researcher of the film-based research is an active part of the process, aiming at formulating questions and disputes rather than seeking answers. The object of the research is located in the cinematic production of a fiction film belonging to the genre of School Movies, in combination with the application of the auteur theory. The results of the present study highlight the importance of the personality of the researcher, who should balance between scientific principles and the needs and requirements of film production.
Mexican Airlines in the Current Situation of COVID 19. Evolution and Prospects
Authors: Tepexpa Mtro. Sergio Solís , González Luis Fernando Muñoz
Published: November 2021

The present work seeks to analyze and contrast the previous characteristics of the general financial situation of the main Mexican airlines. This is especially relevant, since in general there were problems in leverage and profitability in some of them, since exercises prior to 2020. In this sense, it is important to clarify the conditions in which several surgical surgeries were developed, faced by economic and health crisis of the first decade of this century and finally, they will face this global phenomenon unprecedented in the economic history of this century and much of the previous one. In the part of presenting the figures of reduction in passenger flows today, the characteristics and problems they have faced, as well as some reflections on how they can be better rid. Likewise, a model is presented that emphasizes the change in Aeroméxico's financial situation, towards a critical state in terms of the fall in the activity of commercial aviation worldwide. Finally, there are some reflections and recommendations regarding the possible alternatives for this important sector of the Mexican economy, in general, Aeroméxico in particular, can get out of this difficult and complex current environment.
Twitter Networks’ Centrality Measures of the Association of Health Journalist (ANIS): the Case of Vaccines - Introduction and Theoretical Framework
Authors: Cárdaba Miguel Martín , Polaino Rafael Carrasco , Cambra Ubaldo Cuesta
Published: November 2021

The popularization of Internet and the rise of social networks have offered an unbeatable opportunity for anti-vaccines, especially active communicators, to spread their message more effectively causing a significant impact on public opinion. A great amount of research has been carried out to understand the behavior that anti-vaccine communities show on social networks. However, it seems equally relevant to study the behavior that communities and communicators “pro vaccines” perform in these networks. Therefore, the objective of this research has been to study how members of the Spanish Association of Health Journalist (ANIS) communicate and use the social network Twitter. More specifically, the different interactions made by ANIS partners were analyzed through the so-called “centrality measures of social network analysis” (SNA), to check the configuration of the user network and detect those most relevant by their indexes of centrality, intermediation or mentions received. The research monitored 142 twitter accounts for one year analyzing 254 twits and their 2.671 interactions. The research concluded that the network of ANIS partners on Twitter regarding vaccines has little cohesion and has several components not connected to each other, in addition to the fact that there are users outside the association that show greater relevance than the partners themselves. We also concluded that there are an important lack of planning and direction in the communication strategy of ANIS on Twitter, which limits the dissemination of important content.
Rockfall Analyses at Km 13+550 in the New Road of Vlora, Albania
Authors: Lule Arjol
Published: November 2021

Rockfall dynamics is a complex function of the location of the detachment point and the geometry and mechanical properties of both the block and the slope. Theoretically, knowing the initial conditions, the slope geometry, and the relationships describing the energy loss at impact or by rolling, it should be possible to compute the position and velocity of a block at any time. Nevertheless, relevant parameters are difficult to ascertain both in space and time, even for an observed event. Usually, the geometrical and geomechanically properties of the blocks (size, shape, strength, fracturing) and the slope (gradient, length and roughness, longitudinal and transversal concavities and convexities, grain size distribution, elastic moduli, water content, etc.), and the exact location of the source areas are unknown. In this paper, the sources of potential rock fallings involve a rocky area including between km 13+550 and km 13+600 in the new road of Vlora city in Albania. The area is characterized by a rock ridge, shaped like a dome, located few tens of meters above the design road. The purpose of this paper is the rock slope analysis. This analysis consists mainly of defining the sources of falling rocks, estimating the causes (by toppling, rock slides, single blocks) the size, the geometry, and type of blocks, the structural arrangement of joints, etc.
Discourse Analysis of Teacher and Students in Pre-Intermediate English Class
Authors: Zaki Mohammad Shah
Published: November 2021

This research will examine the classroom discourse and interactions between a teacher and students in an ESL class. It will analyze how discourse occurs and how it can facilitate language learning. The participants were adult university students or employees. Via live classroom observation and audio recording of classes, the data were collected. The findings suggest that the teacher controlled all students, and led all class activities and the teaching process. The teacher frequently used pronouns ‘you’, ‘we’, ‘I’ while teaching as well as words such as “perfect,” “correct,” and “very good” to motivate students in-class participation. Students mostly used the pronoun ‘I’ to answer the questions. Most of the questions were closed-ended, so students did not have a chance to elaborate or share their ideas. The discourse occurred in an “IRF” -- Initial, Response, and Follow up. Lack of coherence and cohesion were widely visible in classroom interaction and most of the sentences uttered were ungrammatical.
Resilience of Urban Infrastructures in a Pandemic Scenario
Authors: Gonçalves Marta Marçal , Villena-Manzanares Francisco
Published: November 2021

Most of the work on resilience of urban infrastructures focuses on their technical performance and reliability in disaster situations. In general, when we link urban infrastructure and Civil Engineering, we think of technology, engineering, constructions and technical or control buildings. In a state of pandemic like the current one, the study of the relationship between urban infrastructures and resilience is a phenomenon scarcely studied in the literature. The main objectives of the article are to analyse, from a Civil Engineering and actors’ perspective, the role and behaviour of urban infrastructures for the maintenance of the wellbeing of the community in a pandemic situation, and to fill a gap in the existing bibliography. The authors argue that the human factor is the most important element for infrastructure to be resilient in a Covid-19 situation. To achieve the objectives, a review of the literature was carried out considering the works published in the last 10 years. Then, a reflection is made about the influence of the resilience in infrastructures during a pandemic situation considering the relevant sustainability factors. As practical implications of this article, the drawn conclusions are expected to represent value for the societies of the future.
The Relationship between Multiple-Intelligence and Thinking Patterns through Critical Thinking among 10th-Grade Students in Private Schools in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Dawahdeh Ali Mohammed Ahmed , Mai Mohammed Yousef
Published: November 2021

This study aimed at investigating the relationship between multiple-intelligence and thinking patterns through critical thinking among tenth-grade students in Abu Dhabi private schools. This study used descriptive approach and SEM. Also, the study sample consisted of 350 students from five private schools in Abu Dhabi. The instruments used were Gardner’s multiple-intelligence scale and thinking patterns scale. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and Amos. The results showed significant positive relationship between multiple intelligences (IV) and thinking patterns (DV) through critical thinking (MV). Direct relationships were found between linguistic intelligence (IV) and thinking patterns (DV) (r=.284); social intelligence (IV) and thinking patterns (DV) (r=.241); natural intelligence (IV) and thinking patterns (DV) (r=.113); musical intelligence (IV) and thinking patterns (DV) (r=.270); bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence (IV) and thinking patterns (DV) (r=.470). In conclusion, the findings revealed the influence of critical thinking on the relationship between multiple-intelligence and thinking patterns.
Decentralization of Government Functions, a European Principle of the Albanian Modernization Process: A libertarian approach to territorial issues
Authors: Kaprata Gentian
Published: November 2021

Albania, for 30 years, has entered the phase of transition from a society organized into a one-party central governing regime to a democratic society of a free market economy. But the pace of moving in this direction and modernizing the country is not the expected one, because the centralized proclamations of the political elite and expertise have not allowed liberal approaches to enter Albanian legislation and governing practices. This has been the case in particular in the sector of territorial planning, where central governments have aimed and managed to not allow the actual decentralization of the governing function of drafting and adopting local territorial planning instruments. This has resulted in a shortage of local instruments, in general, but even when managed to ensure they are presented far beyond the needs, problems and objective local imbalances. This is because their distance mapping from the actual municipality for which they were designed failed to recognize the specifics and characteristics of each of them. The result has been evident; in both cases, planning has been inexistent to drive sustainable, smart and inclusive urban development processes. In this paper we aim to build another approach for future development in Albania, a country which aims at integration into the European Union. This path should be development based on previously adopted territorial planning instruments, drawn up in democratic and parliamentary processes as a local political activity. Central government must understand and accept the new and different role than the one it played 30 years ago in territorial development issues, and that the process of drafting and adopting local territorial planning instruments should be a function of local government itself.
Towards Unified Literature Representations: Applications in Information Systems and Entrepreneurship Research
Authors: Albanese Massimo
Published: November 2021

Research activity is becoming increasingly complex due to the nature of research topics and questions. Among the essential academic research activities are literature reviews (LR), as they support the advance of the knowledge frontier. To improve literature reviews and their understanding, it would need to have comprehensive literature representations. In this perspective, the paper aims to advance previous work by illustrating a new way of creating thorough literature representations. The proposed tool is innovative and versatile since authors can adopt it in different types of LRs. Its adoption implies the construction of a three-dimensional scheme for the classification of the literature to be analysed. Then, based on the latter and selecting suitable evaluation variables, the proposed approach produces informative multidimensional representations for literature mapping and bibliometric analysis. For exemplifying this, the paper provides two application cases concerning Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems and entrepreneurship research.
The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Africa’s Healthcare System and Psychosocial Life
Authors: Ikwu Amanze Nkemjika , Igwe David Chinasa , Nwawudu Sixtus Ezenwa , Adebayo Adeyemi Samuel
Published: November 2021

The ravaging Corona virus caused many countries of the world to impose partial or total lockdown, African nations inclusive. Most African countries are low-income countries, with most of the population being non-office workers. With the continued spread and rise of COVID-19 in many African nations, the people had no choice but to keep working for their daily survival. Moreover, the current health system in most African countries is weak and unable to tackle the emerging COVID-19 pandemic. The extra burden of the COVID-19 pandemic exposed these gaps and weaknesses. In addition to the effect of the pandemic on Africa’s healthcare system, there is an equal and parallel debilitating effect of the virus on the psychosocial lives of Africans. Regardless of the several challenges that African nations face; Is there any way forward? African leaders may be able to unite and reduce their dependency on the international community for aids during health crises. They may also collectively take proactive decisions on strengthening their health systems as they work on educating their people.
The Nexus of Art and Science: Creating Art Medals in the Chemistry Lab, Using Graphite Molds
Authors: Karjo Megan , Sinani Constantina , Le Coryn , Benvenuto Mark A.
Published: November 2021

The idea of graphing what is called the lead-tin eutectic point when alloys are produced from elemental lead and tin metals may be very common and established in chemistry and materials science laboratories. Producing art medals from the alloys that are made in such experiments is decidedly not. We will present how the lead-tin eutectic experiment can be performed in the chemistry lab, and how graphite blocks can be used as both mold and heat sink for the creation of art medals, utilizing metal alloys produced by students in the laboratory. The process brings together art, science and engineering in a single experience. We conclude that this has been found to be beneficial for students, yet is a technique that can be utilized by virtually any person who wishes to experiment and create with low-melting metal alloys.
The Adversarial Proceedings Principle in the Civil Process
Authors: Hasneziri Luan
Published: November 2021

One of the most important principles of civil process is the adversarial proceedings principle. This principle characterizes the civil process from its beginning in the trial in the court of first instance, in the court of appeal, until its conclusion in the High Court. Moreover, with the new changes that have been made in the civil procedural law, this principle finds application even before the beginning of the trial in the first instance. According to these changes, the party against whom the lawsuit is filed, before the trial against this party begins, has the right to present its claims against the lawsuit, in a document called “Declaration of defence”, leaving enough time for the fulfillment of this right for a period of 30 days. This scientific work will consist of tëo main issues. The first issue will address the meaning and importance of the adversarial proceedings principle in the civil process. In this issue, two different systems will be analyzed in the application of this principle, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. The second issue will analyze the elements of the adversarial proceedings principle, looking at these elements in practical terms and the consequences that their non-implementation may bring. In this scientific work, the adversarial proceedings principle will be seen as part of the fair legal process provided by the Constitution of Albania and analyzed in several decisions of the Constitutional Court of Albania. This principle will also be addressed in the framework of international law, focusing on the way in which this principle is expressed in Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights and in the decisions of the Strasbourg Court regarding the fair legal process. At the end this scientific work will be given its conclusions, as well as the bibliography where this work is based.
Possibilities for Modernization of Conciliation Board Procedures in the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe - Online Dispute Resolution and Electronic Communication
Authors: Balázs Hohmann J.D.
Published: November 2021

Conciliation bodies are the main European forums for alternative dispute resolution for consumer disputes, providing an institutionalized opportunity to remedy consumer infringement cases quickly, cheaply and efficiently. The institution has excellent dispute resolution efficiency not only in Hungary, but also at the international level, which greatly contributes to the enforcement of the consumer protection legislation of the countries concerned. The scientific examination of the work of the bodies and the legislation related to them, the number of domestic and international scientific works resulting from them are modest, while the efficient operation of the bodies depends not only on practical and legal factors, but also on the theoretical basis. Although legislative reforms in this area have led to a number of innovations and modernizations, they have left untouched a number of theoretical and practical issues that also pose significant problems in law enforcement, such as the satisfactory settlement of cross-border disputes, electronic communication and even communication, that it is possible to involve artificial intelligence, other software solutions in decision-making or online dispute resolution within the framework of the procedure. Applied research on the operation of conciliation bodies covered bodies and bodies in Hungary, Romania and Slovakia. Due to the large number of consumer legal relations, the significance of these research results in the national economy cannot be considered negligible either. The research supported by the ÚNKP-20-3 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund.
The Role of Social Media in the Times of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Erdem Bora
Published: November 2021

In the aftermath of natural disasters and other catastrophes, social media usage has been reported to boost. Understanding how social media works is critical for the scientific community to advance our capacities and build a more buoyant society. With social media communication, the research community may communicate more quickly around the globe to disseminate the most important outcomes of disease, leading to a faster information transfer time to other medical professionals. It’s important to organize research and information in this era of uncertainty and deliberate fake news. During the global epidemic of 2020, social media has developed into an accomplice as well as a potential threat(Anwar, Malik, Raees, & Anwar, 2020). It may be challenging for healthcare providers to discern truth from chaos when a significant volume of data is packed into a short period. One of social media’s current flaws is its ability to quickly disseminate incorrect facts, which may be confounding and distracting. Researchers and professionals with advanced degrees are anticipated to be pioneers in delivering fact-based information to the general public (Chan, Nickson, Rudolph, Lee, & Joynt, 2020). Consequently, during times of distress, it is important to be pioneers in social media dialogues to give factual and helpful information and knowledge to those seeking answers.
Engineering Students’ Perceptions when Working with Narratives in a Humanities Course
Authors: Maza-Ortega Edgardo Leopoldo , Espinoza-Melo Carmen Cecilia
Published: November 2021

This research reveals the change that occurs in a university course when using narratives, which allows facing monumentalism in the classrooms, considering that, in most of them, classes are still being held in a traditional way without taking into account what the students think about the topics covered in the courses. The research is within the qualitative method. The results obtained allow to establish the influence of the course on the learning strategies used by the students, as stable learning indicators, two networks are presented: one corresponding to the use of narratives, and the second, incorporation of the question. Students are motivated to work collaboratively and have a favorable opinion of implementation.
Democracy and Its Rollback: Addressing Some Challenges of the Flawed Democratic Countries
Authors: Nuryanti Sri
Published: November 2021

In 2015, the Economist Intelligent Unit based in UK had released the Democratic Index covering the report of 167 countries among others are Indonesia and Thailand. Indonesia has 7, 75 total score while Thailand has 5, 09 total score have categorized the two countries into flawed democratic countries. They measured democracy from the following categories namely electoral process and pluralism, functioning of government, political participation, political culture and civil liberties. This paper is aimed at discussing the above five challenges of the so called flawed democratic countries from qualitative perspective employing some literature reviews, analyzing some secondary data and some thoughts of prominent politicians and scholars. Without trying to review the real parameters that have been used by the economist Intelligent Unit during their research, this study will discuss more on the challenges faced by Indonesian and Thailand government in addressing the related issue above. This study will analyze the post 2014 election, by having a look at the dynamics and process of election and its aftermath, some related issues on voting behavior that affecting the political participation (In Indonesia 2014 elections resulted at 75,11% for its legislative election, 69,58% for its Presidential election and Thailand 2 February 2014 election resulted at 47,72% due to boycotting election in 69 constituencies), the development of political culture as well as the issue addressing the implementation of political rights. Some findings suggest furthering the discussion by taking into account the emergence money politics and internal political situation that affecting on people participations in politics. From the preliminary study it is found that both two countries have significant challenges in the future in developing their culture of democracy. The provision of political laws in those two countries will also be examined in order to see the possible improvement for their democratic life performances. 1
Smart Cities, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Respect for the European Union Data Protection Rules
Authors: Ruiz Francisco Javier Durán
Published: November 2021

The importance of cities and their populations grow more and more, as well as the need to apply ICT in their management to reduce their environmental impact and improve the services they offer to their citizens. Hence the concept of smart city arises, a transformation of urban spaces that the European Union is strongly promoting which is largely based on the use of data and its treatment using Big data and Artificial Intelligence techniques based in algorithms. For the development of smart cities it is basic, from a legal point of view, EU rules about open data and the reuse of data and the reconciliation of the massive processing of citizens’ data with the right to privacy, non-discrimination and protection of personal data. The use of Big data and AI needed for the development of smart city projects requires a particular respect to data protection regulations. In this sense, the research explores in depth the specific hazards of vulnerating this fundamental right in the framework of smart cities due to the use of Big Data and AI.
Effect of Different Concentrations of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on the Potential Barrier of Organic Device
Authors: Sen Sudipta , Manik N. B.
Published: November 2021

Present work has studied potential barrier of Phenosafranin dye based organic device and has observed influence of different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on this parameter. We have made different devices by taking different weight ratios of the dye – nanoparticles blend which are 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4. These organic devices have been formed by varying the concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles keeping same dye content. One device is also formed without any nanoparticle to compare influence of nanoparticle on potential barrier of the device. These devices are formed by sandwiching the dye – nanoparticle blend in between the Indium Tin Oxide coated glass and Aluminium coated mylar sheet. The potential barrier is measured from device’s I-V plot and also by Norde function. These two methods remain in good agreement showing that potential barrier is mostly decreased when the concentration of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is highest in the blend of Phenosafranin dye and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The ratio of dye –nanoparticle blend of 1:4 shows lowest potential barrier and it is highest when Phenosafranin dye based organic device is made without any nanoparticle. The reduced potential barrier in the presence of higher concentration of nanoparticles can be ascribed to improved filling of traps. Lowered potential barrier at metal – organic contact will improve the charge flow resulting in better performance of the device.
Interior Materials and Colors for Study Room Comfort
Authors: Ivanova Alexandra , Roshavelov Teordor , Marinova Ivanka , Dobreva Ivanka , Alexandrov Nikolai
Published: November 2021

The article studies the properties of interior color schemes and finishing materials in order to find optimal combination for improving indoor conditions in higher education study room and to contribute to better educational process. Optical, physical, physiological and emotional properties of colors and materials are compared to living and study requirements in the context of their complexity. Recommendations for appropriate combinations of finishing materials and colors are given.
The Urban Dimension of the Albanian Cities of Transition Was Damaged as a Result of the ‘Big Government’ and Not Its Absence: An Assessment in Relation to the Construction Permit!
Authors: Kaprata Gentian
Published: November 2021

The main Albanian cities and inhabited centers have suffered great damage of urban and environmental dimension in the years of transition. These implications of rapid and intensive development have produced cities that offer a very low quality of urban life to their citizens. What requires immediate political and legal intervention is to create the preconditions for Albanian cities to change by improving their potential in relation to the quality of urban life they offer to their citizens. One of the basic aspects, where this political goal can be achieved, is the function of controlling the construction development in these cities, in other words the function of building permits. Formal construction, or construction that has been subject to political-administrative decision-making, has faced increased pressure from the government to obtain a building permit. The performance of the government, regarding the function of construction permitting, is presented as very bureaucratic and corrupt. The technical, administrative and legal rules through which the administration exercises in the construction permit process have been very difficult for private entrepreneurs to implement. This has produced, firstly, the phenomenon of informal construction, and secondly, the change in the focus of entrepreneurs in the formal construction sector. In great administrative difficulties and obstacles, private entrepreneurs have shifted their focus from the aim of offering high quality products and low price in the market, to the goal of obtaining a building permit while ignoring the quality of the buildings they have developed. In this sense, what is required is the facilitation of technical, administrative and legal procedures and rules for obtaining a construction permit, which would ensure the reduction of the informal sector and refocus of the formal sector on quality and competitive price in a free market. This is a basic precondition for the situation of cities not to deteriorate further, and that paves the way for the improvement of their situation in the future.
Democracy and Popular Protest in Europe: The Iberian Case (2011)
Authors: Silva Célia Taborda
Published: November 2021

In recent years, Europe has witnessed social movements that break away from the conventional patterns typical of 19th and 20th century movements. The party-or trade union-organised social movements, very much centred on 19th century political and economic issues, or the New Social Movements centred on more universal values such as peace, environment, gender, ethnicity, of the 20th century seem to be changing their ‘repertoire’. At the beginning of the 21st century, parties and trade unions have been losing their leading role in the organisation of demonstrations and strikes and collective actions prepared and led by specific actors have given way to new forms of social action, without leaders, without organisation, without headquarters, and which use social networks as a form of mobilisation. These are social movements that contest not to have more rights but to exercise those that exist, a full citizenship that offers the freedom to express one’s opinion and the regalia of participation in political, economic, social, educational areas. In Europe, there are various types of such movements, but we will highlight the “Geração à Rasca (Scratch Generation)” movement in Portugal and that of the “Indignados (Outraged)” or 15 M in Spain, both started in 2011, and which had repercussions in the main European capitals. Using a qualitative methodology, through these protest movements we seek to understand how the complexity of today’s social movements and their non-institutionalisation represent a challenge to European democracy.
Distant Teaching: A Way to Face COVID-19 Pandemic in a Public University
Authors: Arriaga Ana María Paredes , González Luis Fernando Muñoz , Palmer María Cristina Alicia Velázquez
Published: November 2021

In México, first COVID-19 patient was identified in February and from March 23 on confinement measures were taken by the government, including the suspension of activities at universities. This paper objective is to explore the challenges that professors of a public university faced while moving into a distant teaching practice in the pandemic context. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana is located in México City and up to the pandemic, most of its faculty lacked experience with online education, so the Emerging Distant Education Project was implemented. A qualitative design was developed and in-depth interviews were made to gather information from members of the Business Administration Faculty. Main findings show that in a short time, professors managed to redesign the courses and to develop materials, while trainning themselves in the use of educational platforms, videoconference and communication devices. Among positive experiences they mentioned widening their teaching skills, the positive and helpful attitudes from students, technical support from the institution and the achievement of learning objectives; while on the negative side they mentioned that math contents demanded an extra effort in order to secure students comprehension. Technical problems with the internet and the lack of a proper learning environment were cited as barriers to students’ optimal academic achievement. Most of professors defined their experience as “a challenge”. In conclusion, professors took on and overcame the challenges in order to continue classes and to achieve the academic objectives of the term.
A New Public Policy and Economic Approach to Cultural Sustainable Tourism in the Andes
Authors: Rodrigo Moreno Vallejo Jaime , César Cueto Vásquez Carlos , Teresa Sanchez Manosalvas Olga
Published: November 2021

This research examines the current reality of the sustainable cultural development, in the Cotacachi –Cayapas Ecological Reserve and its surroundings, part of the UNESCO Global Geoparks (2019), as a world heritage sight located in South America, in the inter-Andean region of the Republic of Ecuador. The diverse cultural and ethnic focusing on the situation of indigenous and peasant people, looking at the processes of their self-awareness, validation, and empowerment. The problems faced by this community are diverse in terms of their empowerment, low levels of education, low levels of economic development, and social, cultural and political discrimination. Their relationships are not stable and their incomes are variable, because they depend on farming and producing livestock on their small plots and the precarious nature of available work in their rural environment. The research enables us to conclude that participation in organizational groups and processes has strengthened the capacity of leadership to collaborate more actively and effectively in the progress and development of their indigenous and peasant communities. This, in turn, enhances success of their projects and makes possible the administration of public and private partnerships that permit social and institutional recognition, contributing to improvement in their standard of living and quality of life and to finds and alternative sustainable economy model based on a cultural tourism.
Double Product as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease in Males with Normal Blood Pressure
Authors: Indrit Temali , Ahmet Kamberi
Published: November 2021

Aim: This study investigates whether in males with normal blood pressure that underwent exercise stress test Double Product (DB) or Double Product Ratios to workload (DPR) are self-sufficient in predicting the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Method: 78 male patients with normal blood pressure went through bicycle exercise stress test (EST) and within four weeks they underwent coronary angiography. 34 of them resulted with normal coronary arteries and 44 of them were diagnosed with one or multiple vessel CAD. Pressure rate double product was calculated in rest, in the first stage of the exercise test, in the peak of exercise, and also in the second, fourth and sixth minutes of recovery of the stress test. Also, the ratios of pressure rate double product with the workload, which reflects the relative growth of double product to the workload, were calculated. The results were compared between the two groups, the one with normal coronary arteries, and those with abnormal coronary angiography.

Results: DP in rest and in the first stage of the exercise are not significantly different for normotensive males with or without CAD, while the peak DB value of the exercise, as well as the econd and sixth minutes of the recovery are significantly lower for the group of patients with CAD. The starting peak workloads were significantly lower in the patients’ group with CAD (p=0.0002 and p<0.0001). On the other hand, the double product to workload ratio at the first stage was significantly lower in males with normal blood pressure and CAD. Significant lower DPR are detected also in the fourth and sixth minutes of recovery.

Conclusion: The values of DP in the peak exercise and at the second and sixth minutes of the recovery phase are significantly lower in normotensive males with abnormal coronary angiography compared to those with normal coronary arteries, and these findings can be used to detect the presence of CAD despite the ECG changes and they are not affected by the baseline characteristics of the patients. The ratios between DP and workload at the first stage, and in the fourth and sixth minutes of recovery are significantly lower in normotensive male patients with coronary artery disease compared to those without CAD and can be independent predictive parameters for the disease.
Promotion and Protection of Childhood and Adolescence - The “Child Contact Centre”
Authors: Caruso Giorgia
Published: November 2021

This paper wants to study in deep one of the existing services to help and to improve the parent-son’s relation: the “child contact centre”. This centre is a place where children can meet their parents after different family problems, from parental conflicts until violence and abuses. It’s very important that each child could have the possibility to continue to live with his family as reported by the “UN Convention of childhood and adolescence’s rights” (1989). The history of these meeting centres is very recent and, in the same way, also the role of the social workers. For this reason, research of peculiarities of this place and the rules of the operators involved is very important. In particular, the history moment where we are living today with the “Covid-19” spread all over the world, has caused many problems in the families and it has compounded family situations already compromised. The choose of this theme is also born from the need of study in deep the organization and the functioning of a child contact centre. This is one of the services most complex and heterogeneous and that’s why even today again it doesn’t exist one guideline that is the same in each contest. Finally, the paper wants to describe this service and, mostly, it wants make some proposals about the best practises or operations that could improve it.
Street Children and Money in Relation to Covid-19 Virus: Case Study for the Street Children in the Republic of South Sudan
Authors: Ndorom Owen , Banyanga Jean d’Amour
Published: November 2021

Living as a street child is a miserable situation, and additionally, the Covid-19 pandemic that has affected millions of people and killed thousands of humans worldwide is very alarming. Money is desired by any person for its role in purchasing things essential for living. Street children beg for money and sometimes they resort to pickpocketing from people who could be carrying the Coronavirus. This study investigates the life of street children and money in relationship to Covid-19 in South Sudan. This argument is presented through an analysis of existing literature and documents on the matter. A sample of 197street children found in the streets of Juba and Yei, including eight children who were sex-workers, filled in a questionnaire. In the sample, 43.7% slept in the street. The study found that street children are at risk of contracting the Coronavirus, and because of underlying poor health conditions, they are at a higher risk of developing complications.
The Role of Human Resource Management Indicators in Social Enterprises with Special Regard to the Social-Cooperatives
Authors: Bozsik Sándor , Szemán Judit , Musinszki Zoltán
Published: November 2021

The social enterprises play a vital role in a daily operation of smart cities. They can provide these towns with flexibility and innovation skills and help to maintain the social peace to provide work with the less competitive part of smart cities’ population. (Bartha-Bereck, 2018) This paper focuses this latter task. The social co-operatives offer an opportunity to improve the employment skills. However, the management of this enterprises faces several dilemmas how can build up an effective control system of a social enterprises in Central-Europe. As our questionnaire stated, the major problem of social cooperative is the quality of available labour force. This paper focuses the applicability of the traditional Balanced Scorecard system to the special needs of a Social Enterprises. Here one area of the Balances Scorecard will be highlighted – the Human Resource management and how the tools can be effectively adapted to the social cooperatives. A report system and a ratio analysis tool is developed to help the work of social cooperative managers.
What Customer Wants to Read in Your Proposal
Authors: Vijay Kumar SP
Published: November 2021

Earlier sales executives using their interpersonal & social skills built and cemented relationships with procurement officials over golf games, theatre outings and major events. That era is slowly but surely coming to an end. Today in the digital age, the context is completely different. Every organisation has access to vendors across the globe. Thanks to Artificial Intelligence (AI), organisations can compare their procurement performance in unprecedented detail. Procurement teams have relevant tools and technology to gather insights about seller’s product or service offerings to the minutest detail. However, organisations are also under constant pressure to generate value to their stakeholders on quarter-on-quarter basis. Organisations are looking towards sellers to create value to their stakeholders. Sellers should innovate and help organisations grow in multiple dimensions. Empower organisations generate value to their stakeholders. In short become their strategic partner. In this new arrangement, seller-buyer relationship is no more a transactional, order- taking and resource supplying activity. Selling process is transformed with focus on value creation. Value proposition is the core of value creation. Infact it is a disciplined concept. Sellers who use it as strategic asset create win - win situation. This research paper walks through value creation process and details how value propositions are developed.
‘Ilm Al-Bayan and Its Suitability in Analyzing Malay Poetry Texts
Authors: Atoh Nazri bin , Atoh Mohd Termizi Bin
Published: November 2021

The beauty of poetry is influenced by the choice of words expressed in the style of any languages. There are influences of Arabic language and literature in the Malay world. In addition, most of studies on Malay literature text are using western theories. Therefore, this study attempts to examine the appropriateness of the use of ‘Ilm al-Bayan which is a form of Arabic Rhetoric in analyzing Malay poetry texts. The library approach is used in this study. The choice of this approach is to gather information related to ‘Ilm al-Bayan. Descriptive analysis approach is used to analyze the information gathered to see suitability of the Arabic style that used in assessing the Malay literature texts. The study found that there are similarities between the functions ‘Ilm al-Bayan with Malay rhetoric, although the terms of each of these languages are different. It is certainly based on the expression of the original speakers of the language, whether in Arabic or Malay literatures.
Bioactive Compounds from Three Green Algae Species along Romanian Black Sea Coast with Therapeutically Properties
Authors: Sirbu R. , Negreanu-Pirjol T , Mirea M.
Published: November 2021

During the past years, it became obvious that the ecosystem presents a marine algae excedent, which should be utilized in one way or another. In the marine world, algae have been intensely studied, but the Black Sea seaweeds are not sufficiently harnessed. To survive in such various diverse and extreme environments, macroalgae produce a variety of natural bioactive compounds and metabolites, such as polysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and phlorotannins. In the Black Sea there are three species of green algae: Ulvae lactuca sp., Enteromorpha intestinalis and Cladophora sp. The superior exploitation of the marine biomass represents a highly important resource for the pharmaceutical industry, supplying raw material for the extraction of bioactive substances (vitamins, polysaccharides, sterols, phenols and amino-acids) and various other substances. The purity of this compounds is strongly connected to the state of the marine ecosystem. In the present paper are presented the main bioactive compounds existing in the chemical composition of the green algae in the Black Sea studied. The details of the therapeutic properties of the green algae generated by their chemical compositions.
Development of Grammatical Knowledge for Communication Activities for Foreign Language Acquisition in Online Classroom for Preparatory Year of Romanian Language at the University of Pitești
Authors: Dina Aurora Tatiana , Magdalena Pruneanu Dănuța , Lemnaru Ana Cristina
Published: November 2021

The paper focuses on developing grammatical knowledge for communication activities, through interactive sample activities in the online classroom, in the process of Romanian language acquisition as a foreign language of study for young adults, between 18 – 21 years of age, who apply for the Preparatory year of Romanian language at the University of Pitești, Romania. Teaching grammar has always been a challenge in every teaching-learning process of a foreign language. Grammar grounded knowledge is the key for communication in terms of accuracy and fluency, because it is important for learners to have a set of rules and constructions to make use of, in order to develop interactive and communicative abilities. Each set of activities focusing on accuracy or on fluency used to create correct examples of language use, requires adaptation to the communicative needs, depending on the level of the learners and their needs. Recent national and international events make it clear that there is an imperative need to adjust the entire process of delivering communicative grammatical content in order to make grammar become functional at the level of online communication the learners have to achieve. The goal during online classes is to use targeted communicative practice activities and performative tasks that best facilitate communicative grammar comprehension and learning, in order to help young adult learners gain confidence to start speaking and communicate online.
A Brief Overview of the Discussion on Universal Grammar with a Focus on Chomsky’s Theory
Authors: Renxiu Liu Zhongyuan
Published: November 2021

Over the past decades, linguists have argued over whether language abilities can be described as universal, something common to all speakers, or, whether they are learned secondarily. This paper introduces the main arguments for each side and arrives at a conclusion in support of universal language.