bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ORDINARY CHERNOZEM FERTILITY CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ON AN ADAPTIVE LANDSCAPE BASIS
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Balakay Georgiy T. , Poluektov Evgeniy V. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Purpose: to develop a set of soil protection measures on an agro-landscape basis.
Materials and methods. The soil condition and degradation were studied by G. V. Dobrovolsky’s and V. I. Kiryushin’s methods; remote sensing technologies and the methods of the Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems were used to determine the features of the terrain and the boundaries of agro-landscape strips. The results of the authors’ long-term research were used to analyze the condition and develop soil protection measures on agro-landscapes.
Results. Our research over a period of more than 55 years shows that the system of soil protection measures should be organized on an adaptive-landscape basis and include soil protection technologies for cultivating agricultural crops, measures to reduce surface runoff and erosion, protective forest plantations, agrotechnical, meadow reclamation measures and the simplest hydraulic structures, for example, a dam, a ditch-embankment, as well as other measures that must be necessarily tied in with the boundaries of catchment basins. It is known that a dam retained 15.9 t/ha of sediments, calculated per 1 ha of catchment area, the construction of a ditch-embankment in the lower row of protective plantations contributed to the retention of washed-off fine earth in the amount of 0.84–1.74 t/running meter, these structures can perform their functions for more than 40–50 years under certain conditions.
Conclusions. In order to preserve and restore the fertility of eroded ordinary chernozems, it is proposed to implement soil-protection farming systems within the boundaries of the catchment area by dividing the territory into agro-landscape strips taking into account the terrain slopes and installing the simplest hydraulic structures. A set of soil-protection measures is proposed for each agro-group.
Nghiên cứu khả năng chịu uốn của bản mặt cầu sườn mỏng lắp ghép chế tạo bằng bê tông cường độ cao
Authors: Bảo Bùi Quốc , Nguyệt Hằng Nguyễn Thị , Tùng Khúc Đăng , Hiếu Nguyễn Trung , Thắng Nguyễn Công , Tú Vũ Minh
Published: November 2024

Bài báo này nghiên cứu khả năng kháng uốn của bản mặt cầu sườn mỏng lắp ghép chế tạo bằng bê tông cường độ cao (HPC). Một cấp phối cho bê tông có cường độ 70 MPa từ nguồn vật liệu địa Việt Nam đã được đề xuất. Khả năng kháng uốn của bản sườn mỏng làm từ loại bê tông này đã được nghiên cứu và tính toán dựa trên một số tiêu chuẩn thiết kế hiện hành. Kết quả chỉ ra rằng mặc dù có sự khác biệt về kích thước giả định của khối ứng suất nén hình chữ nhật tương đương cho bê tông HPC giữa các tiêu chuẩn, không có sự khác nhau nhiều về các kết quả tính toán khả năng kháng uốn của bản sườn mỏng chế tạo bằng vật liệu HPC. Tiêu chuẩn TCVN 11823:2017 đã được sử dụng để khảo sát các thông số ảnh hưởng đến khả năng kháng uốn của bản sườn mỏng HPC. Kết quả cho thấy, trong số các đại lượng được khảo sát, hàm lượng cốt thép có tác động lớn nhất đến khả năng kháng uốn của bản sườn mỏng HPC.
Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm ứng xử uốn của dầm bê tông cốt thép chế tạo bằng bê tông cốt sợi polypropylene
Authors: Hải Dương Xuân , Dương Nguyễn Đại , Huy Bùi Đức , Huy Hoàng Đức , Khanh Mai Phi , Hiếu Nguyễn Trung
Published: November 2024

Nội dung bài báo trình bày nghiên cứu thực nghiệm sự làm việc chịu uốn của dầm bê tông cốt thép (BTCT) chế tạo bằng bê tông cốt sợi polypropylene (PP). 05 mẫu dầm BTCT có cùng kích thước hình học, cấu tạo cốt thép được chế tạo. 01 dầm được chế tạo bằng bê tông nặng thông thường, không có cốt sợi PP là dầm đối chứng. 04 dầm còn lại được chế tạo bằng bê tông cốt sợi PP, trong đó 02 dầm có hàm lượng cốt sợi bằng 0,5%, 02 dầm có hàm lượng cốt sợi bằng 1% (theo thể tích). Kết quả thí nghiệm uốn cho thấy: (1) ứng xử uốn của dầm BTCT chế tạo bằng bê tông cốt sợi PP với hàm lượng bằng 0,5% và 1% không có sự khác biệt đáng kể; (2) cốt sợi PP có vai trò rõ rệt trong việc hạn chế sự phát triển vết nứt, qua đó tăng độ cứng và khả năng chịu lực của dầm.
Khảo sát các yếu tố ảnh hưởng tới khả năng chịu lực của cột tròn bê tông cốt thép bị ăn mòn bằng mô hình phần tử hữu hạn
Authors: Nguyên Nguyễn Đăng , Tân Nguyễn Ngọc , Thu Nguyễn Minh
Published: November 2024

Nghiên cứu này xây dựng mô hình phần tử hữu hạn (PTHH) phi tuyến ba chiều (3D) để mô phỏng và kiểm chứng ứng xử cột tròn bê tông cốt thép bị và không bị ăn mòn chịu tác động đồng thời của tải trọng đứng không đổi và tải trọng ngang. Mô hình kể đến ảnh hưởng của ăn mòn bằng cách giảm diện tích mặt cắt ngang, cường độ và biến dạng cốt thép dọc và cốt thép đai, giảm cường độ chịu nén của bê tông bảo vệ, và giảm bám dính giữa bê tông và cốt thép. Kết quả thí nghiệm của bốn cột được chọn để kiểm tra mức độ chính xác của mô hình PTHH đề xuất. Tiếp đến, một nghiên cứu tham số được tiến hành dựa trên mô hình đã được kiểm chứng để khảo sát ảnh hưởng của các tham số chính ảnh hưởng đến đường cong tải trọng-chuyển vị của cột tròn bê tông cốt thép bị ăn mòn. Các tham số được khảo sát gồm mức độ ăn mòn, tỷ số nén, tỷ lệ nhịp/chiều cao tiết diện, hàm lượng cốt thép dọc, và cường độ chịu nén của bê tông.
Sử dụng phương pháp trường pha cải tiến để nâng cao sự chính xác của mô phỏng hư hỏng trong các kết cấu điển hình
Authors: Thành Vũ Bá
Published: November 2024

Dự đoán chính xác cơ chế hư hỏng của kết cấu là một vấn đề quan trọng đặt ra cho các phương pháp mô phỏng. Để giải quyết vấn đề này, bài báo sử dụng phương pháp trường pha cải tiến để dự đoán sự hình thành và phát triển vết nứt trong kết cấu chứa vật liệu giòn, đồng nhất. Trong đó, một hàm suy biến mới được áp dụng vào phương pháp trường pha này để đảm bảo ứng xử vật liệu là tuyến tính trước khi hình thành vết nứt đầu tiên, từ đó có thể dự đoán được chính xác tải trọng tới hạn tương ứng. Hơn nữa, một dạng phân tách trực giao thành phần ten-xơ biến dạng được đưa ra để ổn định sự phát triển vết nứt và ứng xử tải trọng-chuyển vị trơn mịn trong quá trình mô phỏng. Kết quả mô phỏng của bảy ví dụ được so sánh tương ứng với bảy dạng kết cấu điển hình trong phương pháp tham chiếu. Ta thấy rằng, việc so sánh giá trị tải trọng tới hạn giữa hai phương pháp có sai số lớn nhất chỉ 4,5% trong tất cả các ví dụ, chứng tỏ phương pháp mô phỏng hiện tại là một công cụ tốt để giải quyết vấn đề đặt ra.
Phân tích hiệu quả giảm dao động do gió của thiết bị giảm chấn điều chỉnh khối lượng (TMD) cho dầm cầu dây văng có mặt cắt hình chữ Pi
Authors: Hưng Cù Việt , Ngọc Nguyễn Tuấn , Bảo Bùi Quốc
Published: November 2024

Với kết cấu cầu nhịp lớn, ảnh hưởng của tải trọng gió là đáng kể. Trên thế giới đã ghi nhận nhiều thiệt hại nghiêm trọng do nguyên nhân này, đe dọa trực tiếp đến tính mạng con người. Một trong các biện pháp giảm dao động hiệu quả là sử dụng thiết bị giảm chấn điều chỉnh khối lượng (Tuned Mass Damper – TMD). Để tối ưu hiệu quả giảm chấn, các thông số TMD cần được lựa chọn phù hợp với từng loại kết cấu cụ thể. Với kết cấu cầu dầm chịu tải trọng gió, các thông số đó phụ thuộc nhiều vào khối lượng và tần số dao động của dầm, lực gió tác động phụ thuộc vào dạng hình học mặt cắt ngang của dầm. Bài báo nghiên cứu dao động của một đốt dầm thu nhỏ mặt cắt chữ Π của cầu dây văng trong trường hợp có và không gắn thiết bị TMD sử dụng phương pháp mô phỏng tương tác gió và kết cấu (Fluid Structure Interaction – FSI). Các thông số TMD khác nhau cũng được nghiên cứu, phân tích và so sánh. Kết quả cho thấy hiệu quả của TMD trong việc giảm dao động của dầm cầu dây văng dạng chữ Π. Để tối ưu hiệu quả thiết bị giảm chấn, việc nghiên cứu lựa chọn các thông số TMD là cần thiết.
Soil and Leaf Diagnostics of Nitrogen Content in the Cultivation of Different Varieties of Various Ecotypes of Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Golova T. G. , Ershova L. A. , Kuzmenko S. A.
Published: November 2024

The possibility of an earlier and more accurate prediction of protein accumulation in grains of different varieties of spring barley of steppe and Western European ecotypes was investigated. The experiments were conducted in the central part of the Voronezh region in the Research Institute of the Central Research Center “Kamennaya Steppe” in 2019–2021. Basically, a positive and high correlation was found between the nitrogen content in the soil and the elements of productivity, which allowed us to judge the importance of mineral nutrition for the formation of grain productivity of barley. In crops of barley varieties without the use of fertilizers in all phases of plant development, the production process, depending on the nitrogen content in the soil, was more intense than in variants with the use of fertilizers. With the use of fertilizers, the intensity of the production process decreased by 5.5% during tillering and by 25.0% during the earing phase. A fairly close positive correlation was noted between the indicators of stem length (r = 0.66–0.68), productive stem (r = 0.52–0.59) and yield (r = 0.78–0.79) with nitrogen content in the soil from the tillering phase to milk ripeness in both non-fertilized and fertilized variants. A positive correlation of nitrogen content in leaves with a mass of 1000 grains was revealed: r = 0.60, 0.50–0.70, respectively, in the experimental variants. In 2021, provided with moisture, the nitrogen content in the leaves in the fertilized version was 30.8% in steppe samples and 11.8% in western samples compared with the control. The efficiency of fertilizers in the conditions of arid 2019 was reduced to 7.1–8.1%. On average over the years, when analyzing the indicators of leaf diagnostics, the effectiveness of fertilizer application in steppe varieties was 20.3, 21.1 and 8.9% in the phases of tillering, earing, and milk ripeness, while in Western varieties it was significantly less – 10.4, 11.4 and 6.1%. The maximum effect of the use of fertilizers for the grain mass index per 1 m2 was obtained in the dry 2019: 27.0 and 34.7%, respectively, depending on the group of varieties (steppe and western). The indicators of protein content in grain and its vitreousness of steppe varieties significantly exceeded the indicators of Western varieties by years and variants of the experiment. It has been shown that the use of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P60K60 when sowing in arid conditions was effective for barley cultivation. This technique increased the yield and weight of 1000 grains due to the high accumulation of nitrogen in the leaves by the end of the growing season, which further contributed to an increased accumulation of protein in the grain and its vitreousness, especially in varieties of steppe origin.
Control of the Microbial Block of the Biogeochemical Cycle of Organochlorine Pesticides in Agroecosystems. Message 1. Microbial Transformation of Pesticides
Authors: Bashkin V. N. , Galiulina R. A.
Published: November 2024

The processes of mineralization of xenobiotic organic compounds and their inclusion in the biogeochemical cycle, which is carried out due to their biochemical (microbiological) transformations, are considered. The state of pesticides in the soil and their degradation potential are assessed. The features of microbiological transformation and degradation of pesticides in soils, natural waters and bottom sediments are shown. The physicochemical and biological properties of agroecosystems affecting the transformation of organochlorine pesticides are characterized. A historical digression into the problem of microbial transformation of pesticides is given and the current state of knowledge of this problem is presented.
Representation of spatial information in the CA1 field
Authors: Mysin I. E. , Vasilev A. O. , Dubrovin S. V. , Skorokhod S. N.
Published: November 2024

Information in the brain is encoded by large populations of neurons – neural ensembles. The place cells in the hippocampal CA1 field have become an experimental model for the study of neural ensembles of the brain due to the convenience of research. This review is devoted to the latest studies of place cells in the CA1 field. We consider the principles of encoding space by place cells, mechanisms for controlling the activity of place cells, anatomical and physiological features of place cells in different parts of the CA1 field. Key points: 1. There are rate and phase coding; 2. Dense local connections between pyramidal neurons can provide information processing; 3. Interneurons are involved in the formation of both the rate and phase code of place cells; 4. Pyramidal neurons are anatomically and functionally divided into deep and superficial; 5. Along the dorsoventral axis, the spatial and non-spatial component of information is generalized. The CA1 field has extensive capabilities for signal processing and can implement a computationally complex operation in the cognitive processes of the brain.
The role of the basal forebrain in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kitchigina V. F. , Popova I. Yu. , Shubina L. V.
Published: November 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by impaired cognitive functions, from minor deviations to dementia, as well as altered behavior. Typical features of this disease include the presence of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic damage, and neuronal loss. Many factors contribute to cognitive decline in patients with AD. According to the cholinergic hypothesis, which prevailed at the end of the last century and remains relevant today, a key event in the pathogenesis of AD is the loss of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain (BFB), found in this region in AD patients. However, the death of neurons deprives the brain of a range of other neurochemical agents. In addition, the occurrence of AD may also be caused also caused by other morphofunctional abnormalities in this area of the brain. In modern literature there is no summary information about the role of BFB in the pathogenesis of AD. The functions of the BFB and the mechanisms of regulation of the neural network of this part of the brain in normal conditions and in neuropathologies remain unclear. This review comprehensively examines the involvement of the BFB and its connections with other brain regions in the development of AD. The article includes data from clinical observations and experiments conducted both on healthy animals and on those with models of this disease. The analysis of the available literature data will improve the understanding of the functioning of the BFB normally and its disturbances during the development of AD, which can advance the development of therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this disease.
Central neurophysiological mechanisms of stress resistance in post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Kondashevskaya M. V. , Artemyeva K. A. , Aleksankina V. V.
Published: November 2024

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe, disabling syndrome that is induced by an extremely powerful negative impact on the people’s psyche. Symptoms of the disease most often do not appear in the entire population of stressed people and not immediately, but after some indefinite period of time. The disease is caused by central, genetic, epigenetic and neurobiological determinants, interactively integrated within the underlying social and natural-anthropogenic context. The simultaneous development of a pathological reaction from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, sympathoadrenal and immune systems was established. Information on the state of the main biogenic and amino acid neurotransmitters of the central nervous system in PTSD is presented. Researchers are currently focusing on peptide hormones such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neuropeptide Y, and leptin, which can be used to diagnose and treat PTSD. An analysis of the literature led to the conclusion that about the characteristics of stress-resistant people and animals very little is still known.
Interval inhalation application of an oxygen-helium mixture reverses the effects of cerebral arterial air embolism
Authors: Palikov V. A. , Pavlov N. B. , Ismailova A. M. , Amirov R. R. , Dyachenko I. A. , Borozdina N. A. , Bervinova A. V. , Logunov A. T. , Murashev A. N. , Baranov V. M.
Published: November 2024

Oxygen-helium mixture demonstrates marked efficacy of helium mixtures in animal models of ischemia/reperfusion, which opens the possibility of its use as an emergency measure for therapy of vascular embolism. We modelled cerebral arterial air embolism by injecting an air bubble into the internal carotid artery of awake rats. Inhalation of a heated oxygen-helium mixture immediately after modelling arterial embolism normalizes physiological abnormalities and prevents ischemic brain damage, whereas application of a heated oxygen-helium mixture 2 hours after modelling arterial embolism significantly worsens the condition of the animals.
Spectrometers of Neutrons and Fast Atoms of Tokamak Thermonuclear Plasma Based on CVD Synthesized Diamond Single-Crystal Films
Authors: Kirichenko A. N. , Krasilnikov A. V. , Rodionov N. B. , Rodionova V. P. , Trapeznikov A. G. , Yartsev V. P. , Meshchaninov S. A. , Artemev K. K. , Khmel’nitskii R. A. , Amosov V. N.
Published: November 2024

High radiation resistance, chemical inertness, the ability to operate at elevated temperatures, high mobility and efficiency of charge-carrier collection are important properties of diamond for designing detectors and spectrometers of ionizing radiation. Currently, diagnostics of neutrons and neutral particle fluxes based on diamond detectors for the ITER thermonuclear reactor are justified and developed. This work presents the results of a Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy study of the electronic quality of synthesized epitaxial diamond films obtained by vapor deposition in a hydrogen and methane mixture in the ARDIS reactor on boron-doped single-crystal diamond substrates. To confirm their electronic quality, detectors have been made from films selected by spectrometric methods and the charge collection efficiency and energy resolution have been measured when irradiated with alpha particles from a 241Am source and 14.7 MeV fast neutrons from the ING-07T2 neutron generator.
Mixed-Alkali Effect in Glasses of Different Classes in the Framework of a Microinhomogeneous-Glass-Structure Model
Authors: Dobosh A. Yu. , Sokolov I. A. , Khimich N. N.
Published: November 2024

By example of the silicate glasses with the compositions (33.3 – x) Li2O · xNa2O · 66.7SiO2 and (33.3 – x) K2O · xNa2O · 66.7SiO2 with purely cationic conductance and chalcogenide glasses (Ag–Cu)0.33AsSe1.5 and (Ag–Cu)0.61AsSe1.5 with mixed ionic-electronic conductance, consideration has been given to the describing of the mixed-alkali effect in bimetallic glasses in the framework of a microinhomogeneous-glassstructure model using additive schemes involving concentration dependences of conductivity of monometallic glasses with the monovalent metal content equal to that in the mixed glass. A satisfactory agreement between experimental and calculated data is demonstrated. Herein, in the alkaline silicate glasses the nonlinear variation of the conductivity parameters is connected with the migration of two alkaline cations and sequential replacement of the conductance mainly involving an ion by that involving another ion. In the studied chalcogenide glasses, a similar varying of electrical parameters is connected with the replacement of the majority current carrier upon the equivalent substituting of copper for silver in the glass bulk: the mixed, predominantly ionic conductance is replaced by purely electronic one.
Synthesis, Ionic Mobility and Conductivity of Composites of Tin and Lead Difluorides Based on 19F NMR and Impedance Spectroscopy Data
Authors: Slobodyuk A. B. , Telin I. A. , Polyantsev M. M. , Uvarov N. F. , Kavun V. Ya.
Published: November 2024

Ionic mobility and conductivity of eutectic composites and compounds of the close composition obtained in PbF2–SnF2 system by different pathways were studied by means of 19F NMR and impedance methods. The stages of transformation of the 19F NMR spectra of the obtained samples, their connection with the types of ionic movements and possible factors influencing the value of ionic conductivity were considered. It has been established that the composition of most composites includes a fluorite phase, characterizing by high values of ionic mobility and conductivity. In a region close to the eutectic, a single-phase sample with a fluorite structure was obtained for the first time. The value of the specific conductivity of the resulting phase (5 × 10–3 S/cm at 390 K) allows us to consider the latter as the basis for obtaining functional materials.
ЕКОЛОГІЧНА БЕЗПЕКА СУБ’ЄКТІВ АГРАРНОГО БІЗНЕСУ: КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ТА МЕТОДИ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ
Authors: БОГДАНЮК Ігор
Published: November 2024

В умовах сучасних екологічних викликів, таких як зміна клімату, деградація земель, забруднення водних ресурсів, забезпечення екологічної безпеки стає одним із пріоритетів розвитку аграрного бізнесу. Суб’єкти аграрної діяльності, що активно використовують природні ресурси, повинні відповідально підходити до екологічних питань, забезпечуючи мінімальний вплив на навколишнє середовище. Екологічна безпека підприємства є важливим аспектом його діяльності, що передбачає захист навколишнього середовища від негативного впливу виробничих процесів. Оцінка екологічної безпеки можлива через систему показників, які дозволяють ідентифікувати, аналізувати та контролювати екологічні ризики. У рамках цієї доповіді розглянуто основні групи показників, що описують екологічну безпеку підприємства. Визначено що екологічна безпека підприємства може бути оцінена за допомогою різноманітних груп показників, які відображають екологічні, економічні та соціальні аспекти діяльності. Їх системний аналіз є основою для розробки ефективних екологічних стратегій і підтримання конкурентоспроможності підприємства в умовах зростаючої уваги до сталого розвитку. Зазначено що екологічна та економічна безпека є взаємодоповнюючими компонентами успішного функціонування господарюючого суб’єкта. Забезпечення гармонії між ними сприяє підвищенню ефективності діяльності, збереженню ресурсів і підтриманню довгострокової конкурентоспроможності підприємства. На основі проведеного дослідження можна зробити висновок, що забезпечення екологічної безпеки суб’єктів аграрного бізнесу потребує системного підходу, який включає аналіз ризиків, застосування інноваційних технологій і дотримання екологічних стандартів. Рекомендується впроваджувати системи моніторингу, використовувати екологічно чисті технології та інтегрувати стратегії сталого розвитку в управління підприємствами. Впровадження сучасних концептуальних підходів і методів оцінювання дозволяє мінімізувати негативний вплив на довкілля, оптимізувати використання ресурсів та сприяти екологічній відповідальності.
USING ACTIVE DATABASE MECHANISMS TO BUILD COOPERATIVE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Philippe A. , Marc D. , Philippe R.
Published: November 2024

The use of CSCW is growing as much as communication and coordination between applications are needed. But technologies to develop such applications are not finalized and not satisfaying. So, after our works on Active DBMS, we decided to focus our researches on how to develop an Active DMBS for the cooperative work. We decide to include the notion of groups and modules to realize cooperative applications. These notions are integrated with the concept of a Active DBMS for the cooperative work. Our mechanisms are general enough to be adapted to any kind of cooperative applications, for example, it allows to develop active interfaces (Diaz, 1994).
THE B METHOD AND THE COMPONENT-BASED APPROACH
Authors: Petit Dorian , Poirriez Vincent , Mariano Georges
Published: November 2024

The aim of this paper is to merge two approaches of software development: the component approach and the formal development approach. Developing software components is now a technique widely used by the software industry. These two approaches are not so distant if we consider Bertrand Meyer's opinion: it is more complicated to reuse a component without contracts. One of the difficulties with the design by contract approach is to find the contracts. This difficulty can be removed by the use of the B method. In the B method, the software properties (the contracts) are expressed in the specifications. We present in this paper an approach to generate code in the spirit of the component approach from B specifications.
Active Learning and Deep Learning in Financial Big Data Mining and Predictive Modeling
Authors: Zheng Du , Tian Anguo
Published: November 2024

With the rapid development of the Internet and the continuous expansion of the scale of the financial market, more and more financial institutions and enterprises try to conduct data mining on massive multi-source heterogeneous distributed financial information resources for efficient financial analysis. To improve the performance of traditional prediction models, this paper constructs a financial big data mining and prediction model that combines active learning and deep learning techniques. In the final experiment, this paper conducted a comparison experiment between the average prediction accuracy of a prediction model combining active learning and deep learning and a single deep learning prediction model. The former was 96.46%, while the latter was 93.23%. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the predictive ability of traditional models and provides effective support for managers to make scientific business management decisions. In the comparative experiment on customer comment classification for target enterprises, the average classification accuracy of the experimental group is higher than that of the control group, which further confirms the viewpoint of this article.
Advanced Indian Astrology Inspired Optimization Algorithm for Factual Power Loss Diminution in Transmission Grid Network
Authors: Kanagasabai Lenin
Published: November 2024

Advanced Indian astrology inspired optimization (AIAI) algorithm is applied for solving the factual power loss diminution problem. Indian astrology inspired algorithm is based on the Indian astrologers forecasting the happenings by analyzing the horoscope. In the projected approach exploration has been modeled based on the general forecasting approach of the astrologer. Exploitation section has been defined based on the forecast approach of the astrologer on individual horoscope and happenings. General prediction of the astrologer is based on the movement of the celestial objects in cyclic mode. Exploitation segment is designed based on the prediction of the astrologer on individual. Each individual owns specific horoscope based on their birth date and time. Astrologer will see in-depth movements of celestial objects in the individual horoscope. Pelagic thresher Optimization Algorithm is integrated in the procedure, to enhance the exploitation ability of the procedure. Pelagic thresher scavenging is an extremely proficient optimization procedure. For any assumed position, the pelagic thresher passage at a speed to the spot that has the additional penetrating aroma and preliminary velocity vectors are well-defined. Advanced Indian astrology inspired optimization (AIAI) algorithm is validated in Egyptian grid 220 KV system
Analyzing the Relationship Between Monetary Policy and Systemic Financial Risk in the Context of Economic Uncertainty – Based on VAR Empirical Modeling
Authors: Xie Ruoxi
Published: November 2024

It is imperative to comprehend the influence of monetary policy on systemic financial risk as global economic uncertainty continues to escalate. This investigation employs a vector autoregressive (VAR) model to investigate the dynamic influence of monetary policy on systemic financial risk in the context of economic uncertainty. In this paper, the empirical effects of monetary policy changes on financial market stability are evaluated through the examination of macroeconomic data from 2010 to 2020. It has been determined that the timely adjustment of monetary policy has a substantial impact on the mitigation of systemic financial risk in the presence of external economic disruptions, particularly in a market environment with high capital liquidity. Furthermore, the VAR model’s findings expose the disparities in the precise impacts of various monetary policy instruments (e.g., quantitative easing and interest rate adjustment) on risk mitigation, underscoring the significance and constraints of structural monetary policy within the present economic framework. The paper provides a number of recommendations for monetary policymaking that are designed to enhance its capacity to prevent systemic risks in an uncertain economic environment, as a result of the analysis’ findings. These results offer an empirical foundation for monetary policymakers to assist in the optimization of the application of policy instruments to improve the overall stability of the financial system.
Numerical Simulation Study on Folding Behavior of Paper and Structural Optimization of End-Effector
Authors: Hong Jie , Zhou Xuanli , Wang Gang , Zhou Kui , Ren Ziwen
Published: November 2024

The study of paper folding behavior is a key topic in the field of packaging. Due to the complex mechanical properties of paper, its deformation under different working conditions is difficult to predict. If the mechanical structure design is unreasonable, it will directly lead to the failure of the packaging box to fold. Based on the actual packaging process, this paper creatively establishes a set of simulation models suitable for predicting the folding effect of paper boxes driven by different mechanical structures. Using this model, the influence of the rebound angle of the lower edges of the box on the folding effect of the box was studied. The simulation results show that the original mechanical structure can adapt to a rebound angle within 7.5°. We then optimized the structure of the existing end-effector and proposed three new mechanical structures. The simulation results show that the third structure can adapt to rebound angle within 15°, which greatly improves the adaptability of packaging equipment and the success rate of packaging. This research can provide a strong basis for predicting the folding effect of paper and designing the packaging mechanical structure.
Truck Recognition Under Different Lighting Conditions Based on the YOLOv7-SCI Model
Authors: Li Ruixi , Li Haibo
Published: November 2024

Due to the low resolution of road monitoring and low detection accuracy in complex backgrounds, leading to a high miss rate, a YOLOv7-SCI algorithm with an improved YOLOv7 network structure is proposed. First, for sections with low illumination, images are preprocessed using the SCI (Self-Calibrated Illumination) framework. In the Backbone part, the RepViT module replaces the original ELAN module as the feature extraction network to optimize feature extraction. Additionally, the CBMA attention mechanism is integrated into the Neck network, enabling the model to better focus on small targets and suppress background features. The Wise-IoU replaces the original loss function in the network modules. These modifications enhance the accuracy of truck detection. Experimental results show that the YOLOv7-SCI model achieves a mean detection accuracy (mAP) of 98% and a recall rate of 99%. Compared to the original YOLOv7 model, the truck detection average precision (AP) increases by 8.2%, and the recall rate increases by 6.1%, significantly reducing the miss rate of truck detection. This method demonstrates excellent robustness.
A METHODOLOGY AND TOOL SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION	OF FRAMEWORKS
Authors: Ivanov E. , Philippow I. , Preissel R.
Published: November 2024

This paper addresses reuse, which is one of the most important goals in software development. More specifically, the topic of high level reuse is in more interest. Frameworks are considered the highest level of reuse, because not only could they program codes, but also the design is capable of being reused. Although frameworks consist of the highest level of reuse, the development and application of frameworks are extremely difficult and costly. The work put into the development and application of frameworks was a result of the cooperation between Corporate Research and Development of Siemens AG, Munich, Germany and the Technical University of Ilmenau, Germany.
A SYSTEMS ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENT FOR INTEGRATED AUTOMOTIVE	POWERTRAIN DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Loureiro G. , Leaney P. G. , Hodgson M.
Published: November 2024

Automotive powertrain control system (PCS) development faces tightening environmental requirements, shortening development cycle times and growing complexity. To cope with such an environment, PCS development is moving from a traditional evolutionary to a structured approach. The structured approach is supported by computerised structured analysis methods. However, these methods concentrate on the functional and interface requirements of the product. This paper aims to describe how a systems engineering environment (SEE) can be used for integrated PCS development by addressing not only product functional and interface requirements but also life cycle process and organisational requirements. The particular SEE used, a commercial software package, provides: · notations from different modelling paradigms, used for integrated functional, product, process and organisational modelling; · cross-references, used to link functional, product and life-cycle processes attributes; · frames to capture further information about each data items (e.g. CAD drawings). A major benefit of the application of the SEE for an integrated PCS development is the ability to investigate early in the product development/evolution process the interactions between requirements and attributes not only of the product but also of its life cycle processes and development organisation. It is demonstrated how an SEE can be used to provide better product quality, lower life cycle cost and shorter development time. The application of a systems engineering approach to a product, its life cycle processes and its development organisation in an integrated manner encompasses concurrent engineering. It provides a much broader scope for product development, in this case, the PCS subsystem.
MODELLING ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESSES WITH ROLE ACTIVITY	DIAGRAMS
Authors: Murdoch John , McDermid John A.
Published: November 2024

A graphical approach to modelling engineering design processes is presented, drawing on Pughs Total Design model, the V-Process Model of software and systems engineering and Role Activity Diagrams. The proposed notation combines and extends these representations in a novel way. The concurrent, multi- disciplinary characteristic of Pughs model is retained and extended to embrace concurrent development of subsystems by supplier processes. The V-Process model is adapted to be consistent with Pughs model and both are interpreted as Role Activity Diagrams, enabling the assignment of activity to logical organisational processes, which interact with each other. The resulting notation supports the description of multi-disciplinary processes in-the-large, providing an understandable conceptual model of an organisations total design activity in the development of complex products. It also supports the description of processes and interactions at a detailed level, in a way which is consistent with the high level models. The proposed approach has been trialled on the engineering processes involved in the design and safety assessment of aero-engines and their control systems. Results are discussed and the approach assessed.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROPER DRYING REGION FOR WEST TEXAS CLIMATE
Authors: Ertas A. , Cuvalci O. , Guler C. , Wanyama W.
Published: November 2024

United States peanuts are known throughout the world for their high quality. This quality is not solely due to farmers performance, but as well due to performance of the shellers and manufacturers. Achieving quality, therefore, depends on cooperation and achieving high standards in each step. Peanut quality is a major concern in all phases of the peanut industry from production to manufacturing. Improper curing can significantly reduce quality, and result in significant losses to both farmers and peanut processors. Drying is a key step in post-harvest processing. The objective of this paper is to develop a proper drying region for west Texas climate.
TOWARD INTEGRATION OF MAJOR DESIGN TECHNIQUES FOR REAL-TIME	FAULT-TOLERANT COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Authors: Kim K. H. (Kane)
Published: November 2024

Existing major design techniques for real-time fault-tolerant (RTFT) computer systems remain unsatisfactorily integrated although they are complementary in nature. There are several challenging issues that must be resolved in order to pave ways to achieve cost-effective integration of those design techniques. This paper starts with the introduction of a scheme for classification of various fault tolerance schemes according to the benefits that they bring. Thereafter, a review of important design techniques that have broad applicability in designing RTFT computer systems follows. Included among the reviewed techniques are the techniques for designing fault-tolerant processing nodes capable of real-time forward recovery from hardware and/or software faults and the techniques for real-time network surveillance and reconfiguration. Issues in integrating these sets of techniques are then discussed. Another set of design techniques which will play increasingly important roles in future engineering of RTFT computer systems are those for object-oriented (OO) structuring. Issues to be resolved in and possible directions for integrating the important fault tolerance techniques with the OO structuring techniques are discussed next.
OBJECT-ORIENTED APPROACH IN RE-ENGINEERING: THE STMICROELECTRONICS	MANUFACTURING MODEL
Authors: Carchiolo V. , D'ambra S. , Longheu A. , Malgeri M.
Published: November 2024

Current manufacturing systems have a very structured production model, expecially when high complexity and precision is required, as in semiconductor devices manifacturing. In addition, rapid changes in both production and market requirements may occur, hence great flexibility is also essential. These goals, together with the requirement of both adding new features as well as removing some model limitations, often impose to re-engineer periodically existing models, reducing as much as possible the time-to-market of a new product.

Re-engineering means first to create an abstract representation of the system (i.e. the abstract model) through a reverse engineering process, then this model is re-designed, keeping as much as possible a high abstraction, so great expandability can be assured, as well as fully exploiting personnel know-how, so it is possible to take advantage of their experience about the model. Updating a model generally also requires to improve existing applications, both re-writing software components as well as adding new features to existing components.

In this paper, the current model used inside STMicroelectronics facilities to define production flow (the sequence of operations to be performed in order to make products) is considered. First, the model and its limitations are described, then introducing an updated, enhanced, object-oriented model, with aggregational and constitutional hierarchies used to model and classify all entities and with a flexible inheritance mechanism used to speed-up and improve the definition of a production flow.

It is also considered which improvements are required on the existing applications, introducing an enhanced environment capable of supporting the enhanced model while preserving at the same time both technical and economic investments through avoiding radical changes in existing environment.
HIGH ASSURANCE SOFTWARE TESTING IN BUSINESS AND DOD
Authors: Sahinoglu Mehmet , Bayrak Coskun , Cummings Timothy
Published: November 2024

This paper argues that software testing can be less thorough yet more efficient if applied in a well-managed, empirical manner across the entire Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). To ensure success, testing must be planned and executed within an Earned Value Management (EVM) paradigm. A specific example of empirical software testing is given: the Empirical Bayesian Stopping Rule (EBSR). The Stopping Rule is applied to an actual Department of Defense (DoD) software development to show potential gains with respect to archaic testing methods that were used. The result is that a considerable percentage of the particular testing effort could have been saved under usual circumstances, had the testing been planned and executed under EVM with the Empirical Bayesian Stopping Rule algorithm.
ESTIMATING CYCLE TIME IN COMPLEX JOB SHOPS
Authors: Neureuther Brian D.
Published: November 2024

The development of Little's Law has been shown to give relatively precise and replicable estimates of the true cycle time in a variety of production (or network queuing) systems. The majority of the work performed using Little's Law has been done with queuing systems involving single products and single operations. However many queuing systems, such as semiconductor fabrication, are much more complex and involve several products with hundreds of operations. In this paper we compare the expected cycle time as computed by Little's Law to the actual cycle time determined from simulation analysis in a single and multiple product, multiple operation semiconductor fabrication system (a network queue environment). It was found that under simple environments, Little's Law works well. However, in complex job shop processes, such as semiconductor manufacturing, it does not. Factors that cause Little's Law to break down and the factors that are required to accurately estimate cycle time in complex job shops are addressed.
EMPLOYMENT OF FUZZY LOGIC IN FEATURE DIAGRAMS TO MODEL VARIABILITY	IN SOFTWARE FAMILIES
Authors: Robak Silva , Pieczyński Andrzej
Published: November 2024

The features of software family members may vary according to the needs of particular market segments or purposes. The assessment of what will be common and what will be variable feature may result from particular needs and market strategies. Further, there are diverse application profiles, each requiring specific sets of variant features. The same feature set may be prioritized in diverse ways by for specific applications. This paper proposes a system description based on a feature diagram tree, annotated with weighted variable features in the software family context. The principle of how some variant features may be described on the basis of fuzzy logic is introduced and discussed. The proposed description integrates the external cross-tree constraints, and the resulting homogeneity of the logic opens the opportunity to integrate additional tools into the scenario, e.g., generators, or support for constraint based reasoning. The use of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the example of a power plant description.
AGGREGATE PRODUCTION PLANNING UTILIZING A FUZZY LINEAR	PROGRAMMING
Authors: Dai L. , Fan L. , Sun L.
Published: November 2024

Uncertainties and imprecise information regarding customer demands, production, inventory, and MRP are very common in performing aggregate production-planning (APP) for the manufacturing in real world. This study presents a fuzzy linear programming approach for managing the uncertainties and imprecise information involved in industrial APP applications. Detailed discussions are given to the establishment of the Fuzzy Linear Programming approach with converting the fuzzy constraints of uncertain and imprecise items into deterministic equivalents. A mathematical model is developed for APP practice with the Fuzzy Linear Programming approach. For numerically performing an aggregate production planning with the Fuzzy Linear Programming developed, a computer simulation for an actual aggregate production-planning is presented. It is demonstrated in the study, the employment of the Fuzzy Linear Programming provides a great advantage in APP of manufacturing, if the parameters of the stochastic factors involved in the production planning are neither definitely reliable nor precise. The present study shows that the interrelated effects of the customer service level and facility capacity on the effectiveness and efficiency of aggregate production-planning is significant and should be taken into account in performing an aggregate production-planning
INTEGRATION OF THE CODE GENERATION APPROACH IN THE MODEL-BASED	DEVELOPMENT PROCESS BY MEANS OF TOOL CERTIFICATION
Authors: Stürmer Ingo
Published: November 2024

The software and hardware quality of safety-critical embedded systems in avionics and the automotive sector is currently ensured by means of extensive assurance procedures (e.g. certification). The way embedded software is developed has changed, such that executable models are used from the early development stages up to implementation in order to design and verify the software behaviour desired (model-based development). New approaches allow the automatic generation of compact controller code directly from the software model via so-called code generators. For an application area, as can be found in the automotive industry for example, it would be desirable to integrate code generators into the model-based development process seamlessly. However, most code generators are not yet certified and therefore the code generated cannot provide the level of confidence needed for safety-related software. This paper proposes a testing approach for code generation tools and contributes to answering the question of how tools such as code generators can be integrated into the model-based development process by means of tool certification.
SAFETY PROPERTIES IN PETRI NET MODULES
Authors: Padberg Julia
Published: November 2024

This paper introduces safety properties in the temporal logic sense (as defined in (Manna and Pnueli, 1995)) to Petri net modules. Petri net modules (Padberg, 2001, Padberg, 2002) have been achieved by a transfer of algebraic specification modules to Petri nets. They consist of three nets; the interface nets import and export, and the body of the module. The import net states the prerequisites the modules assumes. The body net represents the internal functionality. The export net gives an abstraction of the body that can be used by the environment. The interfaces IMP and EXP are related to the body BOD via morphisms. These modules conform with the basic concepts of components and component-based systems of Continuous Software Engineering (CSE) (Weber, 1999). We make precise what it means that a Petri net module has specific safety properties. We differentiate between explicit and implicit properties. Explicit safety properties are stated additionally to the export net. Implicit are those properties that hold in the export net without being stated explicitly. The main advantage of our approach are module operations to compose larger modules from basic ones. We can show that the composition of modules preserves safety properties: Given two modules with implicit or explicit safety properties then the composition of these modules is again a module with implicit or explicit safety properties.
AN INTELLIGENT DESIGN FRAMEWORK PROPOSAL LEVERAGING AXIOMATIC	DESIGN AND THE SEMANTIC WEB
Authors: Tanik Urcun John , Grimes Gary J. , Gurupur Varadraj , Sherman Charles J.
Published: November 2024

A new Intelligent Design Framework (IDF) approach that leverages Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) techniques for Optical Backplane engineering is proposed leveraging axiomatic design principles and Semantic Web technology. The framework enables the development of KBE systems for improving engineering design and processes utilizing intelligent systems coupled to Web Services. As a proof-of-concept, a prototype KBE system using HP Labs Jena 2 will be built to demonstrate the IDF approach for optical backplane engineering.