bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biographies in Malayalam, 1084-2013: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Suresh Kumar P. K.
Published: May 2017

This study is to examine the quantitative growth of biographies in Malayalam mainly based on Malayalam Grantham Soochi published by Kerala Sahithya Academy, Thrissur. The latest version of Malayalam Grandha Soochi brought out in 2006 includes books published in Malayalam up to 2000. Since the present study covers biographies in Malayalam up to 2013 the data was also collected from two major libraries in Kerala such as Kerala University Library, Trivandrum and Kerala Sahitya Academy Library, Thrissur having comprehensive collection of Malayalam books. The specific objectives of the study are to analyse the quantitative growth of biographies in Malayalam, to identify the prominent contributors of Ma layalam biographies, to rank the publishers of Malayalam biographies, to examine geographical and subject wise distribution of publishers, to find the average size of the book with respect to the number of pages in different periods and to trace the change in average price of Malayalam biographies. The major findings of the study are the number of Malayalam biographies published in olden days are very few but the there is an increasing trend after the formation of Kerala State. There is an up and down growth in biographical source from 1084 to 2013. It is also revealed that males are the major contributors of the biographies in Malayalam. No author has more than 14 biographical books in his/her credit. Majority of the Malayalam biographies are small in size having below 100 pages. Even though tremendous changes happened in the publishing and printing technology in the later years, the average price of the books is increasing. Since the existing bibliographical tools in Malayalam are not reliable and up to date, it is suggested that State Central Library and State Library Council should take the initiative for compiling a comprehensive Malayalam bibliography with the cooperation of all major libraries and publishers in Kerala.
Can We Improve Thyroid Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology Adequacy in a Low-volume Thyroid Center?
Authors: Shaaban Mohamed , Metry Mario , Aspinall Sebastian ,   Endocrine and Breast Surgery Unit, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Ashington, UK,   Endocrine and Breast Surgery Unit, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Ashington, UK,   Endocrine and Breast Surgery Unit, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Ashington, UK
Published: May 2017

Introduction: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and has shown an increase in incidence in recent decades. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the mainstay of assessment of thyroid nodules and diagnosis of malignancy. Several reports have suggested that ultrasound (US)-guided FNAC has many advantages over palpation-guided biopsy. Methods: Comparison of results of thyroid nodule FNACs in a low volume thyroid center (Northumbria Health Care NHS Foundation Trust) performed by a diverse group of clinicians and radiologists involved in the management of thyroid nodules over 18 months, between October 2008 and April 2010, identified retrospectively from pathology records, with the results of surgeon-performed US (SUS) -guided FNACs performed by a single operator (SRA) recorded prospectively over 17 months between July 2013 and November 2014. Results: The study included 185 FNA, with 104 FNAC being undertaken between October 2008 and April 2010 compared to 81 FNAC between July 2013 and November 2014. There was a statistically significant reduction of non-diagnostic rates in the second period: 23/81 (28%) versus 51/104 (49%) (Fisher’s exact, p=0.0063), non-neoplastic (Thy2) scores remained comparable: 28/81 (35%) versus 32/104 (31%), there were more Thy3 results: 21/81 (26%) versus 15/104 (14%), while the proportion of neoplastic results in the SUS-FNAC group increased: 8/81 (10%) versus 6/104 (6%). Also, time to diagnostic FNAC was significantly shorter in the SUS-FNAC group: 24.2 ± 4.5 versus 54.9 ± 11.4 days (p=0.01, unpaired t-test). Conclusion: SUS-guided FNAC for thyroid nodules is a safe and simple technique. This study demonstrates that it leads to improved patient care by reducing inadequacy rate and time to diagnosis in a low-volume thyroid center.
Current and Emerging Drug Therapies in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Sethi Tarsheen K , Reddy Nishitha M ,   Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, US,   Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, US
Published: May 2017

Until recently, chemoimmunotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment approach in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients requiring intervention. With the emergence of targeted treatments, there has been a shift in CLL therapy. With a better understanding of disease biology and risk stratification, a tailored approach based on patient age and comorbidities has evolved over time. The development of new and potent, next generation CD20 antibodies has refined therapy options especially for elderly unfit patients. Furthermore, agents targeting important pathways involved in proliferation and survival of CLL cells including B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling have provided additional treatment options in traditionally chemo-refractory CLL. Given the rapidly expanding repertoire of drugs, current research is focused on optimizing treatment sequence, duration of treatment and assessing long-term toxicities. Several immune mediated therapies are emerging and new combinations are being tested to re-establish antitumor immune effector response in CLL. While embracing the advances in CLL therapy, a few longstanding lessons remain. There is still little role of treatment of asymptomatic individuals. This review presents an overview of current and emerging drug therapies in the rapidly changing area of CLL treatment.
Sustainable urbanization: four stages of infrastructure planning and progress
Authors: Newman Peter
Published: May 2017

Urbanization has accelerated in the 20th century. This paper will try to examine the stages we have gone through in this past half century and where we seem to be going on infrastructure planning in this century. It will trace the history of infrastructure planning from the modernist period that began in the 1940’s to the postmodernist period from the 1980’s, followed by the emerging sustainability period in the early 2000’s and now as we face an uncertain future, the disruptive innovation period. The paper emphasizes transport and land use planning along with some consideration of energy, water and waste and uses the dominant planning paradigm of the time to frame the discussion and observe how that has influenced the resulting infrastructure outcomes. Illustrations are used from the author’s home town of Perth based on practical experience in the planning system.
La formación del profesorado y alumnado universitario en el uso de TIC y Moodle
Authors: Rodríguez Correa Marisol , Rivadulla López Juan Carlos
Published: May 2017

Las TIC desempeñan un fuerte papel motor en todos los sectores de nuestras sociedades, por lo que nuestras Universidades deberán adaptarse a las posibilidades y potencialidades que ofrecen estas herramientas. El objetivo principal de este estudio es conocer la formación en TIC y Moodle de los principales agentes protagonistas del sistema educativo universitario y sus necesidades formativas. Para ello se llevó a cabo una investigación con una metodología cuantitativa de carácter no experimental de tipo encuesta en la que participaron 190 alumnos y 46 profesores de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidade da Coruña. Los resultados de este estudio evidencian que aunque la mayoría del profesorado y alumnado consultado poseen conocimientos y competencias digitales sobre los recursos tecnológicos e informáticos, presentan algunas carencias, existiendo la necesidad de formación para el desarrollo de ciertas competencias como la “búsqueda de información digital” y “el manejo del ordenador”. Además, en cuanto a la valoración que realizan acerca de la formación recibida para el uso de las TIC y del Moodle, ambos colectivos consultados consideran de la misma forma, que no poseen los conocimientos necesarios para el uso adecuado de estas herramientas.
Optimal control of the angle of attack of a hypersonic flight vehicle
Authors: Bebyakov A. A.
Published: May 2017

The paper presents the solution of the task of optimal control of the angle of attack of a hypersonic flight vehicle (HFV) with minimum fuel consumption. Optimal control programs and flight paths of HFV are determined using the method called Pontryagins maximum principle. Optimal control of the angle of attack is expected to provide minimization of the HFV drag force in the supersonic speed range and the recoil from the dense atmosphere in the hypersonic speed range for the terminal flight path angle of over ten degrees.
Emission characteristics and temperature non-uniformity at the outlet of the gas turbine engine combustion chamber
Authors: Sabirzyanov A. N. , Yavkin V. B. , Alexandrov Y. B. , Markushin A. N. , Baklanov A. V.
Published: May 2017

Emission characteristics and temperature non-uniformity at the outlet of a gas turbine engine combustion chamber were simulated in bench test conditions. Simulation results were compared with the experimental data. The adequacy of the applicability of the turbulence and combustion models was investigated. The influence of the deformation intensity of the flame source in the combustion model and the constant swirl in the RNG k-e turbulence model on the distribution of parameters inside the combustion chamber and the emission characteristics is shown. Good agreement of the simulation results and the experimental data is obtained.
Life time of vibration isolators made of MR material subjected to random loads
Authors: Ulanov A. M. , Bezborodov S. A.
Published: May 2017

A lifetime of vibration isolators made of wire MR material widely used in transport systems under random loads is analyzed. Dependencies of lifetime on dynamic and static stress, parameters of MR material (relative density, wire diameter) are obtained. The character of changes in vibration isolator parameters during its lifetime is analyzed. An equation for calculating the lifetime required for the design of vibration isolation systems with vibration isolators made of MR material is obtained.
CFD-modeling of processes in a high-pressure oxidizer pump for the turbopump assembly of a liquid rocket engine
Authors: Zubanov V. M. , Shabliy L. S.
Published: May 2017

The article presents CFD modeling of the work process in the oxidizer pump of a turbopump assemblyusing the ANSYS CFX software, as well as the comparison of numerical and theoretical calculations of theanalytical relations based on geometric data. Problems were encountered when modeling the flow of the pumpdue to inaccuracies in the drawing. The spherical radius in the area of the volute chamber throat had to bereduced, otherwise the model would not be topologically consistent with the original. The data on the vaneangles at the inlet and outlet of the centrifugal impeller were absent in the drawings. The blade angles weredetermined by the previously constructed geometric model. Negative pressure at the entrance of the impellervanes was found in the analysis of the first results of CFD-calculation. Increasing the number of elements in thispart of the calculation model made it possible to reduce the area of the negative pressure.CFD-modeling error with respect to the analytical solution does not exceed 11% by the parameters of total andstatic pressure. The results of the work can provide a visual representation of the processes taking place duringthe operation of the high-pressure pump of a turbopump assembly. The CFD-model can also be used for furtherresearch of work processes in liquid oxygen pumps to reduce the number of development tests.
Laboratory evaluation of certain bio-pesticides against the larvae of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner
Authors: Ojha P. K. , Kumari R. , Pandey N. K.
Published: May 2017

Applications of Helicoverpa armigera Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (HaNPV), Quinalphos, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk) and Beauveria bassiana (B.b.) as full doses gave hundred percent larval mortality to the test insect, 2nd instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera. Treatment combinations containing half doses of HaNPV + Btk, HaNPV + B.b., HaNPV + Quinalphos, Btk + B.b., Btk + Quinalphos, B.b.+ Quinalphos, also gave cent percent larval death. Azadirachtin as half dose of application was found to be least effective (50%). However, all the treatment combinations were found effective over the untreated control.
UNESCO’s Influence on Education of Youth and Adults in Brazil: A Debate on the Relationship of Work and Education
Authors: Bezerra Ada Augusta Celestino , Machado Marcia Alves Carvalho
Published: May 2017

This article discusses the qualifying function of the education of the young and adults (EJA) and work, as a humanizing source of wealth and welfare, which differs from the perspective of education throughout life. It is grounded on the critical sociological approach, being DELINEADO with a study of critical revision using documental and bibliographic researches and with a qualitative analysis of the information. It concludes that the educational policies in Brazil are markedly influenced by the determinations from UNESCO, responsible for the diffusion of the perspective of lifelong learning, subsumed to the requirements of the job market and to the social role that is meant for each individual and which differs from the qualifying function of EJA and work. As a political-pedagogical implication of this statement, it is noted that the worker-work relationship is socially determined and that EJA cannot ignore this reality, given that the knowledge of the mechanisms of exploration will make possible and clarify the human emancipation of the worker.
Początek ochrony życia dziecka poczętego – analiza przedmiotu ochrony przestępstw aborcyjnych
Authors: Rafałowicz Paweł
Published: May 2017

Przedmiotem ochrony przestępstw aborcyjnych w Kodeksie karnym jest dziecko poczęte. Ustawodawca nie przewidział definicji legalnej tego terminu, a w piśmiennictwie panuje spór o początek prawnej ochrony życia ludzkiego w świetle polskich przepisów. Jednocześnie wskazać należy na niespójność terminologiczną w aktach normatywnych, w szczególności w Kodeksie karnym oraz ustawie z dnia 7 stycznia 1993 r. o planowaniu rodziny, ochronie płodu ludzkiego i warunkach dopuszczalności przerywania ciąży. Wykładnia derywacyjna, która jest podstawowym narzędziem do pracy na tekstach prawnych, umożliwia rozwianie tych wątpliwości poprzez zastosowanie dyrektyw językowych, systemowych i funkcjonalnych. Przyglądając się piśmiennictwu, orzecznictwu oraz językowemu znaczeniu słowa „poczęcie”, można dojść do wniosku, że prawo karne chroni życie ludzkie od momentu zapłodnienia. Wynika to z gwarancji ochrony życia człowieka jako podstawowej zasady ujętej w Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, którą wyjaśnia Trybunał Konstytucyjny. Należy również wskazać na argumentację w postaci kryterium genetycznego, pojawiającą się w doktrynie za tym poglądem.
Subdural haematoma after spinal anaesthesia – do we always need brain computed tomography in post-dural puncture headache? Letter to the Editor
Authors: Kotlęga Dariusz , Boczar-Wójcik Anna , Peda Barbara , Nowacki Przemysław
Published: May 2017

Dear Editor-in-Chief, We would like to indicate a disorder that is very rare, may easily be misdiagnosed, and at the same time provokes diagnostic doubts. We will try to answer the question of whether all patients with post-dural puncture headache have to undergo a brain computed tomography (CT) scan (...)
Cuttings-Transport Simulation Combined With Large-Scale-Flow-Loop Experimental Results and Logging-While-Drilling Data for Hole-Cleaning Evaluation in Directional Drilling
Authors: Naganawa Shigemi , Sato Ryosuke , Ishikawa Masaki
Published: May 2017

The authors have developed a 1D two-layer-model transient-cuttings-transport simulator that predicts the transient behaviors of cuttings transport, including the concentration and slip velocity of suspended cuttings, bed height of cuttings, annular pressure, and equivalent circulating density (ECD) along the entire trajectory of a complex extended-reach well. Model parameters, such as annulus-friction factor, cuttings-deposition rate, and re-entrainment rate, were determined from numerous experiments previously performed by use of a large-scale cuttings-transport flow-loop apparatus. This apparatus simulates the complex flows in borehole annuli at various inclination angles, ranging from vertical to horizontal. In this study, the authors validate the model and analyze the cuttings transport by use of field data in a directional well, in which the annular ECD was measured by logging while drilling (LWD), and the rate of the returned cuttings was measured at the surface. On the basis of the simulation study, the potential of the developed transient-cuttings-transport simulator for the predrilling- and post-drilling-phase analyses is discussed. Moreover, the authors evaluate the transient-hole-cleaning conditions and the ECD behavior from the LWD data.
Design and Performance of Annular-Pressure-Buildup Mitigation Techniques
Authors: Sathuvalli Udaya B. , Pilko R. M. , Gonzalez R. A. , Pai R. M. , Sachdeva P.. , Suryanarayana P. V.
Published: May 2017

Subsea wells use annular-pressure-buildup (APB) mitigation devices to ensure well integrity. We define mitigation techniques that control APB by reducing lateral heat loss from the production tubing to the wellbore as Type I techniques. Mitigation techniques that control the stiffness (psi/°F) of an annulus by modifying its contents and boundaries are defined as Type II techniques.

Although the physics of APB mitigation is well-understood, the reliability of a mitigation strategy or its interaction with other parts of the wellbore is not always quantifiable. This is partly because of the lack of a unified approach to analyze mitigation strategies, and partly because of the lack of downhole data after well completion. Simply stated, the engineer is hard-pressed to find computational-predictive methods to assess alternative scenarios and strategies within the framework of the design basis during the life of the well. In this light, our paper presents a quantitative approach to design the currently used APB mitigation strategies: rupture disks, syntactic foams, nitrified spacers, and vacuum-insulated tubing (VIT). In each case, the design is linked to the notion of “allowable APB” in an annulus, which in turn is tied to the design of the casing strings, and thus to wellbore integrity. We also review APB mitigation techniques that have been used less frequently or are awaiting proof of concept/field trial.
Stuck-Pipe Prediction by Use of Automated Real-Time Modeling and Data Analysis
Authors: Salminen Kent , Cheatham Curtis , Smith Mark , Valiullin Khaydar
Published: May 2017

A real-time method is presented to predict impending stuck pipe with sufficient warning to prevent it. The new method uses automated analysis of real-time modeling coupled with real-time data analysis. It can be applied to all well types for any well operation, including drilling, casing running, completion activities, and re-entries. The method uses leading indicators of stuck pipe that were identified by use of historical data sets of 36 stuck-pipe incidents in the Eagle Ford, Utica, and Permian and in the Gulf of Mexico. Two case histories show the utility of the new method in shale and carbonate horizontal wells for both drilling and off-bottom operations.

The new method combines two types of analysis: use of hydraulics and torque-and-drag (T&D) software to determine deviation of real-time data from the real-time model, and trend analysis (i.e., rate of change) of real-time data. Parameters used are pump pressure, flow rate, torque, rotary speed, hookload and drag, and weight on bit (WOB), along with static inputs such as bottomhole-assembly (BHA) and drillstring configuration and directional surveys. Additional parameters, such as downhole equivalent circulating density (ECD), are used when available and improve the results. But the method is designed to monitor all well types and provide a stuck-pipe-risk log even by use of only basic instrumentation. A novel algorithm predicts the probability of stuck pipe, which is presented in a real-time log.

Results demonstrate that there is no single leading indicator in all stuck-pipe incidents. Our early-detection method, called the stuck-pipe-risk (SPR) log, relies on multiple indicators to strengthen the likelihood of detecting impending stuck pipe while avoiding false alerts. A key element to automating the process is the use of filtering for rig activity. The first indicator is deviation of actual data from model predictions. A second indicator is trend analysis (specifically, rate-of-change calculations), which provides valuable insight into rapidly deteriorating wellbore conditions when deviation from model predictions does not respond quickly enough over a short depth or time interval. Results are presented that show the SPR-detection method successfully detected impending stuck pipe on four historical shale wells an average 38 minutes before sticking and on one historical carbonate well more than 2 hours before the event. No false alerts were recorded in these wells. These results were viewed as meeting the initial goal of providing relevant alerts with sufficient time to prevent the pipe from becoming stuck.
Los reportes del BID sobre El Sistema: Nuevas perspectivas sobre la historia y la historiografía del Sistema Nacional de Orquestas Juveniles e Infantiles de Venezuela
Authors: Baker Geoffrey John , Frega Ana Lucía
Published: May 2017

A lo largo de su historia, el Sistema Nacional de Orquestas Juveniles e Infantiles de Venezuela, mejor conocido como El Sistema, ha sido el punto focal de una narrativa poderosa y encomiástica. No obstante, recientemente han comenzado a surgir más perspectivas críticas del mundo académico. Sin embargo, los investigadores se han enfrentado a una considerable falta de recursos documentales sobre la historia del programa. Por lo tanto, la reaparición de una recopilación de documentos de los años 1996 y 1997 es un hito importante. Las fuentes están ligadas a las gestiones de El Sistema para conseguir financiamiento del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID). En este artículo, los documentos están evaluados en orden cronológico y luego analizados con una perspectiva comparativa. Permiten profundizar en las perspectivas diacrónicas sobre el programa, complementando así las historias orales y los reportes de prensa de este periodo. Echan luz sobre la historia de El Sistema al igual que sobre las discusiones actuales sobre este famoso programa de educación musical, verificando estudios recientes que han provocado reacciones fuertes y polarizadas, y ofreciendo una base histórica para la profunda división que existe hoy en día entre las obras escritas por los defensores y los críticos de El Sistema.
Prática musical infantil e Teoria do Fluxo: duas survays em contexto brasileiro
Authors: Cardoso de Araújo Rosane , De Andrade Campos Flávia , Vieira de Albuquerque Banzoli Célia Regina
Published: May 2017

Neste artigo relatamos um estudo realizado sobre a prática musical de crianças sob o enfoque da Teoria do Fluxo de Csikszentmihalyi. Realizamos entre 2014 e 2016 uma pesquisa cujo objetivo geral foi investigar a presença de elementos que conduzem crianças à experiência do fluxo nas aulas de musicalização e de prática de instrumentos musicais. A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo de levantamento (survey), realizado em dois contextos específicos. Participaram do estudo 48 crianças com idade entre 8 e 12 anos. A coleta de dados foi obtida por meio de um questionário que serviu para levantar dados gerais das crianças e verificar a presença de elementos que podem conduzir ao fluxo. Um escala Likert de cinco pontos avaliou a presença dos indicadores do fluxo: (1) Motivação; (2) Concentração; (3) Sentimento de competência/autoconfiança; (4) Metas claras; e (5) Satisfação/alegria. Os resultados indicaram que as aulas de musicalização eram mais motivadoras que as aulas de instrumento musical; que muitos participantes possuíam possibilidades de vivenciar o fluxo em suas práticas musicais; que o professor tem papel fundamental para envolver, motivar e, possivelmente, auxiliar os alunos a vivenciar o fluxo em suas atividades musicais.
Campo gravimétrico do complexo alcalino de tapira (mg): Comparação entre técnicas de interpolação e de separação regional-residual
Authors: Ribeiro Vanessa Biondo , Mantovani Marta Silvia Maria
Published: May 2017

O Complexo Alcalino de Tapira é uma intrusão no extremo sul da Província do Alto da Paranaíba, MG. Este trabalho visa testar ferramentas utilizadas no tratamento dos dados, para estudar as propriedades físicas do Complexo Alcalino de Tapira utilizando gravimetria terrestre. O levantamento gravimétrico terrestre foi realizado não apenas sobre a área ocupada pelo complexo, como também nas adjacências. Através da análise dos dados obtidos nesse levantamento, foi estimado o campo gravimétrico regional, visando isolar a contribuição gravimétrica do corpo. Para este propósito, foram analisados quatro métodos de interpolação: inverso da distância, triangulação, kriging e mínima curvatura. A separação da contribuição gravimétrica, devida a fontes locais ou regionais e residuais, foi realizada utilizando três métodos numéricos: método da omissão, continuação para cima (upward continuation ) e ajuste polinomial robusto. Para compará-los, foi traçado um perfil sobre a anomalia gravimétrica isolada em cada caso. A comparação entre diferentes métodos de interpolação, assim como os de separação regional-residual, permitiu determinar qual metodologia melhor se aplica ao alvo do estudo. Verificou-se que o método de interpolação que melhor responde ao caso apresentado é o kriging, enquanto a separação regional-residual que apresenta melhor resultado é o ajuste polinomial robusto de grau 1.
Sobre Guillermo Zermeño Padilla, La historia y su memoria. Entrevista(s) con el historiador Moisés González Navarro
Authors: Pérez Memén Fernando
Published: May 2017

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La hora de la TV: la incursión de la televisión y telenovela en la vida cotidiana de la ciudad de México (1958-1966)
Authors: Ramírez Bonilla Laura Camila
Published: May 2017

La televisión y los géneros televisivos son dispositivos con historia propia. En el caso mexicano, la telenovela se puede considerar como el primer género auténticamente concebido y realizado para la televisión. Su llegada al país, en junio de 1958, en Telesistema-Canal 4, no solo recogió parte de los estereotipos, los mitos y las preocupaciones morales de la sociedad de la época, sino que se insertó en la cotidianidad de los espectadores, aún neófitos y expectantes ante el producto. Los primeros melodramas fueron un fenómeno urbano, característico del crecimiento de la clase media. Su incursión fue construyendo un auditorio propio que, activo ante los contenidos vistos en pantalla, llegó a integrarla al escenario familiar. Ver telenovelas fue un acto primordialmente doméstico y al mismo tiempo colectivo, compartido entre varios. Entendiendo este género como un producto hecho para significar y partiendo de un análisis histórico que requiere tanto el estudio de los contenidos como el del medio y los espectadores, el propósito de este trabajo es identificar de qué manera la llegada de la televisión, y en particular de la telenovela, impactó en la vida cotidiana de los televidentes de la ciudad de México. ¿La incursión del melodrama televisivo, entre 1958 y 1966, introdujo una nueva “cotidianidad” en los públicos? ¿Cómo se reflejó esta “nueva cotidianidad” en los espacios, los tiempos, las rutinas, los gustos y los imaginarios de los televidentes? Para este ejercicio se acudió a los contenidos audiovisuales de los primeros melodramas emitidos en México, su registro en prensa y revistas de televisión, sus piezas publicitarias y la experiencia de personas y familias de clase media, que fueron entrevistadas y encuestadas a propósito del tema.
Characterization of Food Product Innovation Practices with Reference to Functional Food Product Development in Singapore
Authors: Khan Rao Sanaullah , Kiat Saw Lin , Grigor John Mark
Published: May 2017

Functional foods, being one of the major food categories of the global health and wellness market, are becoming a major focus of new product development (NPD) in the food industry. The development of functional foods is more complex than traditional food New Product Development (NPD), calling for a concerted effort from researchers and NPD experts to explore and understand the functional food product development (FFPD) process in more detail.Â  The current research in this field has reported that there is a need to evolve from a traditional NPD approach, towards an integrative and innovative approach involving cooperative networks and techniques of commercialization. However, there is little practical evidence on how much progress has been made to date.Â  Therefore, this research was designed to investigate the food product innovation process of food manufacturing in the Asia-Pacific region (Singapore) with reference to functional foods development. Results report on a comparative account of NPD practices between registered Singapore food companies that are doing some sort of functional food development (Group 1) and those that are not (Group 2). A significant difference (P<0.05) in the aims and mode of NPD between Group 1 and Group was observed. Further it was observed that food companies in Group 1 have significantly (P<0.05) more diverse external collaborations with broad aims to collaborate, in comparison with food companies in Group 2.Â  This is a positive step toward developing an external resource base, which is essential in developing functional foods. This attitude should be encouraged in future innovation polices as being critical to value-added food product innovations in Singapore.Â  Apart from these differences, food companies are still pursuing a traditional NPD approach (independent and closed NPD); with loose Intellectual Property protection practices irrespective of type of innovation activity. There is a need to create awareness among the stakeholders about the factors needed for developing unique and inimitable resources, and dynamic capabilities in food manufacturing.Â
X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) Geochemical Investigation of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwianâ€“Aladja, western Niger Delta, Nigeria, Steelmaking Slag for use as Iron making Blastfurnace Feed and Fertilizer
Authors: Wessey Napoleon A.
Published: May 2017

This work investigated the bulk geochemistry of fifteen (15) samples of Delta Steel Company (DSC) dump slag produced by the direct reduction steelmaking process, using the Xâ€“ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) method and glass discs prepared from each of the fifteen test slag samples. The results indicate the presence of major amounts of CaO(36.62%), MgO(9.77%), Fe2O3(27.32%), SiO2(19.86%), Al2O3(5.43%), low amounts of MnO(1.46%), TiO2(0.42%), Cr2O3(0.17%), P2O5 (0.53), and minor amounts of SO3(0.04). The geochemical composition of the slag indicates suitable use as iron making blastfurnace feed and as fertilizer. The low amount of MnO in the slag is advantageous as it can reduce the disadvantage of probably causing refractory lining destruction in the presence of a notable amount of K20. The use of this slag would contribute to the conservation of natural steelmaking resources, improved crop yeild and reduction in CO2 emission in the company environment.Â
Anthropometric Characteristics and Mineral Distribution and Contamination in Artisanal Small-scale Gold Mining Site of Ciguha in Gunung Pongkor, Bogor
Authors: Kusnoputranto Haryoto , Simanjuntak Jonatan Oktoris , Sari Nila Puspita , Wispriyono Bambang , Rahman Abdur
Published: May 2017

Ciguha in Gunung Pongkor, Bogor, had been an artisanal and small-scale gold mining site (ASGM) since 1998 where amalgamations were used intensively leading to pollution in water, soil, and foodstuffs. The present study assessed distribution and contamination level (CL) of minerals in a total of 69 environmental samples consisting of drinking water (n = 12), rice (n = 13), vegetable (n = 15), fruits (n = 5), fish (n = 14), and soil (n = 10). Chromium, iron, and manganese representing trace essential elements but toxic at high level, mercury representing heavy metal, arsenic representing toxic metalloid, and selenium representing essential metalloid which toxic at high level, were analyzed as mineral contaminants. Meanwhile, a total of 101 Ciguha residents consisting of 60 adults, 15 teenagers, and 26 school aged children were involved to charaterize athropometric exposure factors. The results shows that mercury has polluted soil, kangkung, thai squash, cassava leaves, and rice with contamination level (CL) of 604.43, 8.15, 6.01, 4.14, and 2.76 folds, respectively, while chromium has only polluted thai squash with CL of 1.18 folds. Amazingly, mercury distribution was only in the third position after iron and manganese, while the most distributed mineral was iron and the least was selenium. In overall environmental matrices, the detection frequencies of iron, manganese, mercury, chromium, arsenic, and selenium were 94.2, 56.2, 52.2, 47.8, 21.7, and 15.9 %, respectively. In conclusion, mercury was the most critical contaminant in ASGM site of Ciguha that has heavily polluted soil and grown vegetables, but the most distributed mineral was iron. Toxicologically, only mercury and chromium are important while arsenic, iron, manganese, and selenium are of less concern since the CL<1.
Outcome and Clinical Spectrum of Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis in Children in Developing Countries
Authors: El-Sayed Saber A. M. , Ali Yasser F. , Ahmady Mostafa M. , Alsayed Salah F. , Baraka Ahmed M.
Published: May 2017

Background: Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis with crescentic glomerulonephritis is an uncommon outcome in children. This study was done to evaluate the clinical spectrum and outcome in children with crescentic glomerulonephritis following acute post-streptococal glomerulonephritis. The diagnosis of underlying renal disease was based on various criteria, including the clinical picture, serology and histopathology. The patients received treatment in the form of intravenous methyl prednisolone, oral steroid treatment, and oral cyclophosphamide .Objective: to evaluate the clinical spectrum and outcome of the pediatric patients with post-streptococal crescentic glomerulonephritis admitted or referred in Zagazig general hospital in nephrology unit.Â Study design: The study included ( 20 ) children patients with biopsy proven crescentic golmerulonephritis following APSGN admitted or referred from other hospitals to the nephrology unit in Zagazig general hospital between Marsh 2010 to May 2016 These patients were subjected to detailed clinical and biochemical examinations including urine analysis ,U&E ,serum albumin, ASOT ,anti- DNase-B test, complements ( C3 and C4), ANA, ANCAs ,anti- DNA antibodies; anti-(GBM) antibodies . The diagnosis of underlying renal disease was based on various criteria, including the clinical picture, serology and histopathology by light immunofluorescence and electron microscopy and all patients were taken immunosuppressive treatment.Results: 20 patients with poststreptococcal crescentic glomerulonephritis (12 males and 8 females). The mean age of patients at the time of presentation was (7.5) years with range of 5 to 12 years. All were having gross hematuria ,progressive rise of serum creatinine, mean creatinine was 571.5 umol/l with range of (413umol/- 822umol/1) ,low complement C3, 16 patients were having hypertension (80%),10 patients (50%) had nephrotic range of proteinuria and remaining were having moderate range. Renal biopsy which revealed more than 50% crescents in all biopsies with mean of 62.5% and ranging between 50-90%. 4 patients had fibrocellular crescents (20%) and 16 had cellular crescents (80%). the mean follow up duration in months was 25 mo ranging between 22-28 months after immunosuppression,16 patients regained their normal kidney functions (80%) with mean creatinine 47 umol/l ranging between (40-68) P-value <0.001**.4 patients (20%) had residual renal impairment, these 4 patients had fibro cellular crescents in renal biopsy. 8 patients regained their normal blood pressure at last follow up (80%) P-value <0.001**.Conclusion: the overall outcome of 20 patients with post streptococcal crescentic glomerulonephritis was accepted & excellent, 16 patients out of 20 (80%) regained their normal kidney functions. Due to the limited number of our patients , large multi-center study is needed to prove this result.
Topological Basis of Flat Electroencephalographyâ€™s State Space
Authors: Ken Tan Lit , Ahmad Tahir Bin , Quen Lee Kee , Siang Gan Yee , Yen Tey Wah , Kit Wong Wai
Published: May 2017

Neuroinverse problem are often associated with complex neuronal activity. It involves locating problematic neuron which usually a highly challenging task. While epileptic foci localization is possible with the aid of EEG signals, it relies greatly on the ability to extract hidden information or pattern within EEG signals. Flat EEG being an enhancement of EEG is a way of viewing electroencephalograph on the real plane. In the perspective of dynamical systems, the equivalency of epileptic seizure and Flat EEG is important since the underlying structure of Flat EEG is dynamic. In this paper, a basis for the topological space of Flat EEG is presented. It is expected to facilitate in the constructions of dynamic transformation from epileptic seizure to Flat EEG. It provides a better understanding on Flat EEG itself.Â
Acerca da Consciência Eterna: lições sobre religiosidade na filosofia do direito de Hegel
Authors: Corrêa Jr Ramiro
Published: May 2017

Trata-se de examinar trechos do manuscrito de Lições sobre a Filosofia da Religião e das Linhas Fundamentais da Filosofia do Direito - A Sociedade Civil-Burguesa -, de Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, aproximando as ideias de Deus e do Sistema de Eticidade. O artigo também avalia posições de influentes comentadores de Hegel, como Bobbio, Losurdo, Marcuse, Lebrun, Lima Vaz e Müller.
Políticas públicas y apoyo político en el Estado de las Autonomías
Authors: Tamayo Manuel , Carrillo Ernesto
Published: May 2017

Políticas públicas y apoyo político en el Estado de las Autonomías
Legitimidad y eficacia de la Administración pública
Authors: Arenilla Sáez Manuel
Published: May 2017

Legitimidad y eficacia de la Administración pública.
Las políticas de reorganización municipal y supramunicipal en Quebec
Authors: Ojeda García Raquel
Published: May 2017

El propósito de esta investigación es estudiar la fusión de los municipios en la ciudad de Quebec y la creación. de la Comunidad Metropolitana de Quebec (Communauté Métropolitaine de Quebec). Este estudio de caso se enmarca dentro de un contexto más amplio, ya que la política de fusión de los municipios y la consolidación de estructuras supramunicipales no solo afectó a la ciudad de Quebec, sino que también se planificó para toda la provincia. Las reacciones contra la política de reorganización municipal y supramunicipal se pueden relacionar con el Parti Québécois que pierde las elecciones de 2003 y la aprobación de una ley por parte del Partido Liberal, que permite que los municipios fusionados se reconstituyan. Una vez más, podemos ver que los criterios racionales para mejorar la eficiencia y la gestión no son suficientes para explicar las políticas de las organizaciones locales en el marco de los procesos de descentralización.
El método abierto de coordinación en la UE. ¿Una fórmula institucional de evaluación?
Authors: Pérez Menayo Vicente
Published: May 2017

El propósito de este trabajo se basa tanto en un interés teórico como en una contribución empírica a la implementación de una nueva forma de gobierno europeo: el Método Abierto de Coordinación (de ahora en adelante, OMC). Se trata de tratar de comprender mejor el papel de las instituciones comunitarias y de los Estados miembros en el proceso de construcción europea, mostrando los efectos finales de los medios de acción "estrictamente políticos". Es desde el punto de vista de la implementación de la acción política donde el MAC puede ser incluido como una herramienta que permite ejercer la acción pública a nivel de la UE y hacerla operativa. El MAC pertenece a la nueva generación de mecanismos no obligatorios para la buena gobernanza, la llamada gobernanza de ley blanda, que tienen relación con el fenómeno de la «europeización» como un proceso, en comparación con las herramientas tradicionales de gobernanza europea, como la «Método comunitario», que dispone la adopción de decisiones dentro del «triángulo institucional» formado por la Comisión, el Consejo de Ministros y el Parlamento Europeo. Es decir, el MAC sería el resultado de las "presiones de adaptación" hechas por el gobierno de la Comunidad a través de procesos de institucionalización específicos, iniciados y guiados por la Comisión Europea, sobre las "estructuras domésticas" (los Estados miembros), y a través del proceso de enmarcando lineamientos políticos, para ser aplicados intergubernamentales. Recientemente, y desde un punto de vista descriptivo, el autor de este trabajo ya ha tratado los aspectos empíricos de la aplicación de la OMC al campo social. En esta ocasión se trata de completar el estudio del MAC desde un punto de vista doctrinal, a la luz de los nuevos enfoques que intentan explicar el complejo proceso de integración europea, desde una perspectiva cognitiva entre otros, por ejemplo, a través de instrumentos para compartir. Conocimiento, a través del aprendizaje mutuo y mediante el intercambio de experiencias. Asimismo, se trata de responder a la pregunta de si el MAC representa un nuevo modelo para la evaluación institucional en la UE.
El impacto de la acción parlamentaria en una política gubernamental: el caso de la política turística española
Authors: Paniagua Soto Juan Luis , Velasco González María
Published: May 2017

La variedad de análisis sobre el Parlamento, tanto desde un enfoque de cultura política como desde un enfoque institucionalista, pueden ordenarse atendiendo al criterio de cuáles son los elementos del sistema político que son observados por el investigador para analizar el Parlamento.
La gobernanza como modo emergente de gobierno y gestión pública
Authors: Natera Peral Antonio
Published: May 2017

Si la acción de gobierno era considerada tradicionalmente el núcleo central de la política por su capacidad indiscutida para afrontar los problemas sociales, en la actualidad la política se expresa cada vez más en términos de gobernanza. Hasta hace poco más una década el vocablo «gobernanza»  governance se utilizaba precisamente como sinónimoacción de gobierno o de dirección política. Sin embargo, su nuevo atractivo -y la correspondiente extensión semántica- se debe en gran medida a que se ha revelado como una categoría útil para analizar, desde nuevas perspectivas teóricas y metodológicas, la totalidad de instituciones, actores y relaciones implicadas en los procesos de gobierno y de gestión pública, vinculando en un sentido mucho más amplio e integrador el sistema político con su entorno económico y social.
Presentación
Authors: GAPP Revista
Published: May 2017

Presentación
Intracranial pressure monitoring in severe blunt head trauma: does the type of monitoring device matter?
Authors: Aiolfi Alberto , Khor Desmond , Cho Jayun , Benjamin Elizabeth , Inaba Kenji , Demetriades Demetrios
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVE

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring has become the standard of care in the management of severe head trauma. Intraventricular devices (IVDs) and intraparenchymal devices (IPDs) are the 2 most commonly used techniques for ICP monitoring. Despite the widespread use of these devices, very few studies have investigated the effect of device type on outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to compare outcomes between 2 types of ICP monitoring devices in patients with isolated severe blunt head trauma.

METHODS

This retrospective observational study was based on the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program database, which was searched for all patients with isolated severe blunt head injury who had an ICP monitor placed in the 2-year period from 2013 to 2014. Extracted variables included demographics, comorbidities, mechanisms of injury, head injury specifics (epidural, subdural, subarachnoid, intracranial hemorrhage, and diffuse axonal injury), Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score for each body area, Injury Severity Score (ISS), vital signs in the emergency department, and craniectomy. Outcomes included 30-day mortality, complications, number of ventilation days, intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay, and functional independence.

RESULTS

During the study period, 105,721 patients had isolated severe traumatic brain injury (head AIS score ≥ 3). Overall, an ICP monitoring device was placed in 2562 patients (2.4%): 1358 (53%) had an IVD and 1204 (47%) had an IPD. The severity of the head AIS score did not affect the type of ICP monitoring selected. There was no difference in the median ISS; ISS > 15; head AIS Score 3, 4, or 5; or the need for craniectomy between the 2 device groups. Unadjusted 30-day mortality was significantly higher in the group with IVDs (29% vs 25.5%, p = 0.046); however, stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that the type of ICP monitoring was not an independent risk factor for death, complications, or functional outcome at discharge.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated that compliance with the Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines for ICP monitoring is poor. In isolated severe blunt head injuries, the type of ICP monitoring device does not have any effect on survival, systemic complications, or functional outcome.
A Culture of Poverty or the Poverty of a Culture? Informal Settlements and the Debate over the State-Society Relationship in Egypt
Authors: Fahmy Ninette
Published: May 2017

Problems facing informal (“squatter”) settlements in Egypt have increasingly gained public exposure through both media coverage and scholarly debates. Whereas the state public discourse reflects a pretence for developing these areas, this paper, through the study of the
relationship between the state and members living in three urban squatter areas, argues that government response towards squatters takes the following forms: negligence, demolition, relocation, and exploitation. Whereas demolition and relocation take place under exceptional conditions, negligence
and exploitation are the most common forms of the state response towards the marginal sector. This exploitation serves the state's public officials in lining their own pockets and provides a rich source of votes for the state political apparatus, which guarantee the continuity of the regime.
Thus, a culture characterised by its poverty is created among squatters where individual and personal interests attain precedence over communal interests, leading to more exploitation and corruption, which impedes the government developmental policies and programs, leading to a further weakening
of the state.
Women's Parties in Israel: Their Unrecognized Significance and Potential
Authors: Hertzog Esther
Published: May 2017

Women's parties have played a significant role on the Israeli political scene since the beginning of the 20th century until the present. Moreover, women's parties had far reaching impact on both the status of women and wider society. However, the significance of women's parties
has been underrated by academia and the media, and their potential prospects have been continuously denied. Women's antagonistic attitudes towards women's parties are in particular conspicuous. The article describes and analyzes this phenomenon.