bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbiota intestinal y su influencia en el comportamiento
Authors: Chaves Morales Karla , Camacho Alvarado María Catalina
Published: February 2022

El microbioma humano se refiere al conjunto de microorganismos que residen en el cuerpo, mientras que la microbiota se refiere a la comunidad ecológica de un nicho o sistema específico. Su transmisión puede ocurrir de forma vertical, desde los padres a la descendencia, y de manera horizontal por las interacciones sociales y la cohabitación; además puede variar por condiciones propias del individuo. Se considera que la microbiota intestinal tiene influencia en varios procesos cerebrales, a través del ahora conocido eje intestino-cerebro (EIC). Este se conforma por el tracto gastrointestinal (TGI), el sistema nervioso entérico (SNE) y el cerebro. Al establecer una simbiosis con la microbiota, el huésped puede depender de la misma para funciones como mielinización, neurogénesis, activación microglial y modulación del entorno. Sin embargo, de forma colateral la composición y la diversidad de la microbiota pueden afectar el comportamiento e influir en procesos como el estrés, la ansiedad y la cognición y otros desórdenes neurológicos específicos.
Sağlık Coğrafyası ve Halk Sağlığı Uygulamaları
Authors: OZTAŞ Duygu , AKGÜN Şenay
Published: February 2022

Sağlık ve coğrafya içsel olarak bağlandılıdır. Doğulan, yaşanılan, çalışılan yer ve direk çalışılan iş kolu dahi sağlığı direk ya da dolaylı yollarla etkilemektedir. Bulunulan bölge, mekan ya da alanda solunan hava, yenilen yiyecekler, maruz kalınan virüsler ve erişilebilen sağlık hizmetleri sağlığı olumlu ya da olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Mekansal konum bahsedilen etkilerinin yanı sıra çevresel risklerin şekillenmesinde de önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu noktada sağlık hizmetlerinin yerini belirleme, halk sağlığı stratejileriini belirleme ya da salgınları izleme de sağlık coğrafyasının önemli rolü ortaya bulunmaktadır. Sağlık coğrafyası, insanın mekânla etkileşimi sonucu meydana gelen hastalıklarla mücadelede, coğrafyanın ilkelerini kullanarak, hastalığın ortaya çıkışları ve mücadele etme yolları üzerinde metotlar ve modeller geliştiren bir coğrafya alanıdır. Sağlık coğrafyasının amaçları; hastalıkların mekânsal dağılışı ve mekân ile ilişkisi, hastalıkların nedenleri, prognozu, insanlar üzerindeki etkileri ve sonuçlarına yönelik olarak insan sağlığının korunması amacıyla sağlık hizmetlerinin coğrafi olarak planlamasına yol gösterici olmaktır. Bu coğrafya dalı eski çağlardan itibaren çevre ve sağlık etkileşimi üzerine odaklanmakta olup; günümüzde hastalıkların küresel çapta salgınla yaratması önemini daha da arttırmıştır. Sağlık coğrafyası; coğrafik koşullara bağlı olarak gelişen hastalıkları ayırt etmek, hastalığa neden olan faktörleri belirlemek, sağlık sorunlarını en aza indirmek, bireylerin sağlık kurum ve kuruluşlarından yararlanmasını optimal düzeye çıkarmak ve halk sağlığına katkıda bulunmak amacıyla yapılan sağlık planlaması çalışmalarına yol göstermektedir. Sağlık coğrafyası ve halk sağlığı alanları birbirileri ile bağlantılı olarak çalışan ve özellikle çevresel ve coğrafik özelliklerin sağlık üzerindeki etkilerini anlamaya ve açıklamaya çalışan ayrı bilim dallarıdır. Bu derleme çalışmasında sağlık coğrafyası halk sağlığı bakış açısıyla irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Calculation of pneumatic aeration systems in aeration tanks
Authors: Сухарев М.Г. , Баранчикова Н.И. , Епифанов С.П. , Корельштейн Л.Б.
Published: February 2022

Рассматривается пневматическая система аэрации в аэротенках канализационных очистных сооружений. Основные затраты электроэнергии на очистных сооружениях приходятся на обеспечение работы системы аэрации, в связи с чем возникает задача оптимального распределения воздуха во все технологические зоны. При этом как недостаток воздуха, даже на некоторых этапах очистки, так и его избыток приводит к снижению эффективности очистки. Обеспечить управляемую подачу воздуха только с помощью измерительных приборов достаточно затратно, поэтому предлагается использовать математическую модель для аэродинамического расчета системы аэрации с нефиксированными отборами воздуха через аэраторы. На основании результатов аэродинамического расчета можно обеспечить адаптивное управление воздухораспределением в системе аэрации при изменении количества и качества поступающих стоков, напорно-расходных характеристик аэраторов, давления, температуры и влажности наружного воздуха. Приведен пример аэродинамического расчета пневматической системы аэрации.
Metrological support for measuring water flow rate in non-pressure large-diameter pipes
Authors: Егоров Н.Л. , Лойцкер О.Д.
Published: February 2022

Рассматривается возможность поверки рабочих расходомеров в больших трубах круглого сечения с безнапорным потоком воды. В качестве рабочего эталона предлагается использовать переносное устройство, помещаемое в трубопровод через смотровой люк. Излагаются принципы монтажа и крепления устройства. Средствами измерения являются микровертушки, установленные на вращающейся штанге. Экспериментальные результаты выражаются средними скоростями потока на выбранных окружностях. При обработке данных используется квадратурная формула Гаусса. Проведена оценка погрешности определения расхода с помощью модели напорного турбулентного потока в круглой трубе.

Possible verification of operating flow meters in large pipes of circular cross section with free flow of water is considered. Using a portable device placed in the pipeline through an inspection hatch is proposed as a working standard. The principles of installing and fixing the device are stated. Measuring instruments are pigmy meters mounted on a rotating rod. The experimental results are expressed by the average flow velocities on the selected circles. While processing the data, the Gaussian quadrature formula is used. The error in determining the flow rate is estimated using a model of pressure turbulent flow in a round pipe.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT STRES PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 : LITERATUR REVIEW
Authors: Makalew Claudia D. , Rompas Sefti S.J. , Katuuk Mario E.
Published: February 2022

Abstract : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease with an increasing number of sufferers. The number of diabetes mellitus continues to increase if the intervention is not given properly. Objective. to know the description of stress levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Method. literature review, which is used to compile information and to search through electronic databases. Article searches were conducted using the keywords stress level and diabetes mellitus type 2, which were searched through Google Scholar and Pubmed. 5680 articles, which were identified and published from 2016-2021. Out of 5680 articles, only 6 were eligible for analysis. Results. Based on reviewed articles, it shows that stress levels have an important role in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion. The results of the literature review evaluation can be concluded from the level of stress. Diabetes mellitus has its respective categories obtained according to the analysis that the researchers conducted. 80% of these six articles indicated that there was a relationship between stress levels in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Keywords : stress level, type 2 diabetes mellitus.Abstrak: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan jumlah penderita yang terus mengalami peningkatan. jumlah penderita diabetes melitus terus meningkat jika tidak diberikan intervensi dengan benar. Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat stres pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Metode tinjauan pustaka, yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan informasi dan mencari melalui database elektronik. Pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci tingkat stres dan diabetes mellitus tipe 2, yang dicari melalui Google Scholar dan Pubmed. 5680 artikel, yang diidentifikasi dan diterbitkan dari 2016-2021. Dari 5680 artikel, hanya 6 yang memenuhi syarat untuk dianalisis. Hasil berdasarkan artikel yang diulas menunjukkan bahwa tingkat stres memiliki peran penting pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kesimpulan, Hasil evaluasi tinjauan pustaka dapat disimpulkan dari tingkat stres. Diabetes melitus memiliki kategorinya masing-masing yang diperoleh sesuai dengan analisis yang dilakukan peneliti. 80% dari enam artikel tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara tingkat stres pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2Kata Kunci : Tingkat stres, Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN METODE KOMUNIKASI EFEKTIF SBAR DENGAN PELAKSANAAN TIMBANG TERIMA (HANDOVER) SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Tatiwakeng Rezka V. , Mayulu Nelly , Larira Dina Mariana
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground: Patient safety is a hospital system that makes patient care safer. One of thebenchmarks of a nursing service that determines the quality of the hospital is effectivecommunication. SBAR Communication (Situation, Background, Assessment,Recommendation) is a method used when nurses do a handover. Aim: To find out therelationship of the use of effective communication methods SBAR with the implementation ofhandover. Method: Using systematic review research design using the PubMed and GoogleScholar databases, and research designs used in the journal are cross-sectional,phenomenology, and quasi-experiments. Result: Based on the articles that have beenanalyzed show that effective communication of SBAR plays an important role in theimplementation of the accepting handover process, which may improve patient safety.Conclusion: The results of a systematic literature review show that there is a relationshipbetween the use of effective communication methods with the implementation of handovers.Keywords: Handover, Patient Safety, SBAR Communication.AbstrakLatar Belakang: Keselamatan pasien merupakan sistem rumah sakit untuk membuat asuhanpasien lebih aman, salah satu yang menjadi tolak ukur suatu pelayanan keperawatan yangmenentukan kualitas dari rumah sakit yaitu dengan komunikasi yang efektif. KomunikasiSBAR (Situation, Background, Assesment, Recommendation) metode komunikasi inidigunakan saat perawat melakukan timbang terima. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubunganpenggunaan metode komunikasi efektif SBAR dengan pelaksanaan timbang terima(handover). Metode: Menggunakan desain penelitian systematic review denganmenggunakan database PubMed dan Google Scholar, dan desain penelitian yang digunakandalam pencarian jurnal: cross-sectional, fenomenology, dan quasi experiment. Hasil:Berdasarkan artikel-artikel yang telah dianalisis menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi efektifSBAR sangat berperan penting dalam pelaksanaan proses timbang terima, karena dapatmeningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Kesimpulan: Hasil tinjauan pustaka sistematismenunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan penggunaan metode komunikasi efektif sbar denganpelaksanaan timbang terima(handover).Kata Kunci: Timbang Terima, Keselamatan Pasien, Komunikasi SBAR.
Bonding of single-layered Cu2O nanospheres on Cu substrates in irradiating near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Murayama Shohei , Vu Trung Nguyen Kien , Anzai Masateru , Magara Hideyuki , Nakamura Takahiro , Mizoshiri Mizue
Published: February 2022

We investigated the bonding mechanism of single-layered Cu2O nanospheres (NSs) on Cu thin films. When near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses were focused and irradiated on the Cu2O NS films containing the NSs and reducing agents on Cu thin film-coated Si substrates, single-layered NSs were bonded just above the substrates after rinsing the non-bonded NSs. The minimum pulse energy for the single bonding on the Cu thin film-coated Si substrates was smaller than that on Si substrates. The electromagnetic enhancement was calculated between the Cu2O NSs and Cu thin films by simulating the finite element method. The enhancement was estimated using a transverse mode of the linear polarization of the incident femtosecond laser pulses. The experimental and simulation results indicated that the single-layered NSs were bonded on the Cu thin films by femtosecond laser pulse-induced local heating and melting due to the localized plasmon enhancement between the Cu2O NSs and substrates.
Selective electrochemical determination based on magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for albumin detection
Authors: Leepheng Piyawan , Limthin Dalawan , Onlaor Korakot , Tunhoo Benchapol , Thiwawong Thutiyaporn , Suramitr Songwut , Phromyothin Darinee
Published: February 2022

Egg allergy is one of the most common allergies in humans. Allergenic egg protein as ovalbumin is the most abundant protein found in egg white. A selective electrode in electrochemical analysis for albumin from egg white was developed based on magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (albumin-MMIPs) modified on a screen-printed electrode. Surface modification was applied using methyl methacrylate polymer to create surface specificity for albumin protein. The modified surface was characterized by a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The average pore size was obtained by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and the potentiostat obtained all electrochemical analysis. The albumin-MMIP electrode was selectivity with albumin, comparison with gluten, glycine, casein, and glucose. The modified electrodes present selectivity of 1.13 × 104
μAg−1ml and a limit of detection of 0.18 mg ml−1. The electrode can be applied to albumin protein detection in solution form in food industries.
Field cycling behavior and breakdown mechanism of ferroelectric Al0.78Sc0.22N films
Authors: Tsai Sung-Lin , Hoshii Takuya , Wakabayashi Hitoshi , Tsutsui Kazuo , Chung Tien-Kan , Chang Edward Yi , Kakushima Kuniyuki
Published: February 2022

The effects of field cycling of Al0.78Sc0.22N capacitors on ferroelectric properties are investigated. In the first hundreds of switching cycles, the reduction in the switching voltage was observed, possibly due to the formation of nitrogen-vacancy to facilitate the atom displacements. With further switching cycles, fatigue effect was observed, especially for domains with low switching voltage. The leakage current analysis indicates continuous downward band bending with the number of switching cycles, effectively reducing the Schottky barrier height for electrons. The breakdown of Al0.78Sc0.22N films is triggered by the Joule heat due to excessive leakage current. The mechanism is in contrast to conventional ferroelectric materials, where the breakdown is triggered by Joule heat at the local conductive filaments.
Direct-binary-search algorithm for fabrication-tolerant photonic-crystal-like subwavelength structures and its application to a four-mode waveguide crossing in 2 μm waveband
Authors: Muratsubaki Taichi , Fujisawa Takeshi , Sawada Yusuke , Sato Takanori , Saitoh Kunimasa
Published: February 2022

A novel direct-binary-search algorithm for the design of fabrication-tolerant photonic-crystal-like subwavelength structures is proposed. In the proposed method, structures based on holes with different diameters are considered to enhance the device performance under diameter variation. The usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated through the design of a fabrication-tolerant four-mode waveguide crossing in the 2 μm waveband. With the proposed method, the transmission of TE3 mode is increased by 4.9% (for diameter of 130 nm) and 9.5% (for diameter of 150 nm) on average of 15 samples, compared with the conventional direct-binary-search method. The designed device provides insertion losses of <0.87 dB and crosstalks of <−24 dB in spite of diameter variations of ±10 nm from the ideal diameter.
Effect of dynamic high-pressure loading on decomposition reaction and negative thermal expansion of silver oxide
Authors: Kishimura Hiroaki , Shimono Seiya , Abe Hiroshi
Published: February 2022

The effect of dynamic high-pressure loading on the decomposition reaction and negative thermal expansion of Ag2O was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The XRD pattern of the sample shocked at 6.4 GPa indicated that the sample was composed of cubic phase Ag2O and metallic Ag. These XRD patterns indicated that the shock-induced decomposition reaction of Ag2O occurred when the sample was shock-loaded at 6.4 GPa and above. The DSC curves of the shocked Ag2O revealed that an additional exothermic reaction occurred at around 478 K in addition to an endothermic reaction at around 700 K, which corresponds to the decomposition of Ag2O. The exothermic reaction at around 478 K was probably caused by the release of shock-induced residual energy. Synchrotron XRD performed from 300 to 130 K clarified the suppression of negative thermal expansion in the shocked Ag2O.
Peran Kompos dan Mikoriza pada Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) di Tanah Berpasir
Authors: Hazra Fahrizal , Syahiddin Dimas , Widyastuti Rahayu
Published: February 2022

Kompos merupakan bahan pembenah tanah (amelioran) yang umum digunakan dan dapat ditingkatkan kualitasnya dengan penambahan mikrob fungsional seperti mikoriza. Mikoriza adalah kelompok fungi yang dapat bersimbiosis dengan tanaman pada sistem perakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemberian kompos dan mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) pada tanah berpasir. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 11 perlakuan yang terdiri dari kontrol dan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah persentase dosis kompos dan faktor kedua adalah dosis mikoriza. Faktor persentase dosis kompos terdiri atas 150% kompos (K1), 100% kompos (K2), 75% kompos (K3), 50% Kompos (K4), dan 25% Kompos (K5), sedangkan faktor dosis mikoriza terdiri atas 5g (M1) dan 2.5g (M2). Pertumbuhan tanaman diamati hingga fase vegetatif lalu dilakukan analisis kimia dan penghitungan persentase kolonisasi akar serta jumlah spora mikoriza. Perlakuan 150% kompos dengan dosis 2.5g mikoriza memilik nilai tinggi tanaman terbaik sebesar 74.70 cm dan jumlah helai daun sebanyak 314 helai. Kadar N-total tertinggi yaitu 0.30% terdapat pada kombinasi perlakuan 150% kompos dengan 5g mikoriza ataupun dengan 2.5g mikoriza. Persentase kolonisasi akar tertinggi sebesar 50% dan kadar P-tersedia tanah tertinggi yaitu 32.5 mg/100g pada perlakuan 150% kompos dengan dosis 5g mikoriza.
The Carbon Footprint of Machine Learning Training Will Plateau, Then Shrink
Authors: Patterson David
Published: February 2022

Machine Learning (ML) workloads have rapidly grown in importance, but raised concerns
about their carbon footprint. We show four best practices to reduce ML training energy by up to 100x and
CO2 emissions up to 1000x, and that recent papers overestimated the cost and carbon footprint of ML
training by 100x–100,000x. Finally, we show that by following best practices, overall ML energy use
(across research, development, and production) held steady at <15% of Google’s total energy use for the
past three years. If the whole ML field adopts best practices, we predict that by 2030 total carbon
emissions from training will reduce.
ANALISIS STRUKTUR KALIMAT IMPERATIF DALAM FILM “THE CAPTAIN”
Authors: Jung Cintiawinata , Julina Julina
Published: February 2022

Penggunaan kalimat imperatif tentunya sangat banyak ditemukan dalam film. Film sebagai karya seni berupa rangkaian gambar hidup yang diputar sehingga menghasilkan sebuah gambar bergerak yang disajikan sebagai bentuk hiburan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur kalimat imperatif yang terdapat dalam film “The Captain”. Peneliti menggunakan teori Wang tentang struktur kalimat imperatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah film Tiongkok tahun 2019 “The Captain” (中国机长Zhōngguó Jīzhǎng). Data penelitian ini adalah kata dan kalimat imperatif dalam film. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik simak dan catat menurut Mahsun, selanjutnya menggunakan teknik analisis data Miles dan Huberman. Peneliti menemukan 281 kalimat imperatif dalam film “The Captain”. Selanjutnya peneliti menganalisis struktur kalimat imperatif dalam film ini berdasarkan subjek, predikat dan partikel imperatifnya. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi penelitian selanjutnya dan menambah wawasan pembaca tentang struktur kalimat imperatif. Kata kunci: Kalimat Imperatif; Film Tiongkok; Film The Captain; Struktur Imperatif
ANALISIS MOTIVASI DAN SIKAP PELAJAR INDONESIA UNTUK BELAJAR BAHASA MANDARIN: STUDI KASUS MAHASISWA D3 SEKOLAH TINGGI BAHASA HARAPAN BERSAMA
Authors: Nurislin Nurislin
Published: February 2022

Dalam proses belajar bahasa Mandarin, motivasi dan sikap belajar mahasiswa menentukan ke efektifitan pembelajaran bahasa mandarin. Motivasi dan sikap belajar dibagi menjadi eksternal dan internal, keduanya dapat berbaur satu sama lain untuk menstimulasi pembelajaran mahasiswa.  Penelitian ini menggunakan observasi kelas dan kuesioner dalam pengumpulan data. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Motivasi dan Sikap Pelajar Indonesia untuk Belajar Bahasa Mandarin pada mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Harapan Bersama D3 Semester satu dan semester 3. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan 80% responden menyadari manfaat mandarin di masa datang, kendati demikian hasil observasi menunjukan bahwa sikap responden dalam belajar mandarin masih sangat pasif.  Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa motivasi dan sikap pelajar berbanding terbalik. Kata kunci: Pembelajaran Bahasa Mandarin, Motivasi Belajar, Sikap Belajar
The Influence of Dictation Strategy in Improving Listening Skill of Senior High School Students
Authors: Saragih Dhea , Marpaung Anissa , Purba Dame Setia Lamtiur , Leonardo Pebri
Published: February 2022

Background : The implementation of this research was motivated by the results of researchers’ observations on students who still had many difficulties in listening. Students still have difficulties to listen in English due to the position of Indonesian students as foreign learners.
Objective : The objective of this research is to know the influence of dictation strategy in teaching listening for Senior High School students and to find out the advantages of dictation strategy in teaching listening.
Methods : The research method used in this research is survey method. The population of this research was the students of SMA Swasta Assisi. Therefore, the sample was the XI Social 1 students of SMA Swasta Assisi.
Results : The results of this research were described through surveys distributed by researchers to students. The survey was filled by students based on their perceptions of dictation. The results of this research stated that dictation could affect the ability to hear students.
Conslusion : Based on the research conducted by the researchers, we conclude that dictation was truly affected students, listening skills based on their perceptions and experiences.
COVID-19’s Direct and Indirect Impact
Authors: Irma Ruslina Defi
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has been declared a public health emergency of worldwide concern by theWorld Health Organization. The direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 on health and well-beingare still being investigated. In addition to the direct impacts of COVID-19 disease, social distancingand lockdown measures have had a significant and unequal effect on individuals, households, andcommunities through restrictions imposed on our daily social an d economic activities.
Persepsi Guru dan Siswa Terhadap Implementasi Pembelajaran Daring Pada Masa Pandemik Covid-19 Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Purnama Yulia
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study: Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mencari gambaran pembelajaran daring yang telah dilakukan disekolah berdasarkan persepsi guru dan siswa.

Methodology: Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Penelitian ini berupaya untuk memberikan suatu gambaran terhadap suatu kondisi yang telah terjadi berdasarkan tanggapan dan pendapat dari narasumber. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumalah 25 orang siswa kelas 5 sekolah dasar yang telah melaksanakan pembelajaran daring. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket dan wawancara terstruktur.

Main Findings: Berdasarkan persepsi yang telah dikemukan narasumber menunjukan bahwa indikator yang dapat dinilai pada implementasi pembelajaran daring berupa ketersedian sarana dan prasarana serta keefektifan pembelajaran daring. Seluruh narasumber telah memiliki sarana dan prasarana berupa gawai untuk menunjang pembelajaran daring. Namun terdapat kendala berupa jaringan atau koneksi internet. 40% memiliki koneksi yang baik dan 60% memiliki koneksi yang terganggu. Sedangkan mengenai keefektifan belajar menunjukan bahwa  36% atau sebanyak 9 siswa menyatakan menikmati proses pembelajaran daring, 44% atau sebanyak 11 siswa menyatakan kurang menikmati pembelajaran daring dan 20% atau sebanyak 5 orang siswa menyatakan tidak menikmati proses pembelajaran daring.

Applications of this study: penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam menevaluasi pembelajaran yang telah dilakukan.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Keterbaruan dalam penelitian ini berupa pemaparan tentang persepsi narasumber terhadap suatu kondisi yang secara tiba-tiba harus dilakukan, dimana tindakan tersebut berbeda dengan kebiasaan.
Correlation Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Passive Smokers: A Review
Authors: Prameswari Yuda Nabella , Dwi Anita Suryandari
Published: February 2022

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein with an extracellular epidermal growth factor binding domain and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain through signaling pathways to regulate cellular proliferation. Epidermal growth factor receptor binding to its ligand will result in autophosphorylation by intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity, thereby triggering multiple signal transduction cascades. Constant or sustained activation of these downstream target sequences is thought to result in a more aggressive tumor phenotype. Mutations in EGFR are associated with non-small cell lung cancer in passive smokers.
Using Road Maps for High-tech Projects Management
Authors: Bunak Valeriy , Prokhorova Elena , Zhuravsky Vladimir , Volodin Sergei , Frolov Andrei
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this article is to study the necessity of creation and road maps usage as an effective ‎tool in order to create novel approaches for managing innovative high-tech projects using the author-developed criterion of innovative ‎tension, interpreted as the difference of potentials of participants in the innovation process — the ‎donor-enterprise of innovations and the recipient-enterprise of innovations.‎ The method of comparative analysis of various forms of organization of the innovation process and the corresponding variants of the ‎ratio of innovative potentials of participating enterprises was used. As a result of the conducted research, methodical approaches to evaluate innovation potentials of donors-enterprises of innovations and enterprises-recipients of innovations were developed. A ‎criterion for estimating the innovative potential in the donor-recipient system, so-called innovative stress, is formulated. An attempt to disclose the importance of methodological support of road maps on the example of ‎innovative projects is made.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the use of financial resources in the procurement of pharmaceuticals for state needs
Authors: Malaev M. G.
Published: February 2022

The use of different methods for analyzing the procurement of drugs for state needs made it possible to reveal the excessive range of drugs included in state contracts, as well as the low efficiency of the use of funds.
Inbound Medical Tourism Or Export Of Medical Services: Which Market Do We Need?
Authors: Tarasenko Elena
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the paper is to consider development barriers and tools for targeted support and stimulation of the growth of this sector of the economy, as well as the peculiarities of the impact of the pandemic COVID-19 on the growth and development prospects of the Russian inbound medical tourism market. Methodology. The article is based on a qualitative sociological study conducted in November 2019 –December 2020, with focus groups and expert interviews method usage. In total, there were conducted 8 expert interviews and 4 focus groups.
Findings. The launch of the federal project "Development of the export of medical services" within the framework of the federal program "Development of healthcare", the creation of the Moscow medical cluster, the development of regional markets for inbound medical tourism are considered as institutional measures that can facilitate the target audience's access to the resources of Russian medical clinics. The value of results. As part of the research, the authors for the first time have introduced the analysis of the first results of inbound medical tourism development in 2017-2020 in Russia. The differences between the export of medical services and the market of inbound medical tourism were revealed. The authors put forward the thesis about the export of medical services as the first phase of the development of the market of inbound medical tourism. This analysis identifies areas for further research.
Analysis of historical changes of the abiotic parameters of the Sea of Azov, as a possible tool for long-term forecasting in fisheries
Authors: Afanasyev Dmitry , Belousov Vladimir , Kozhurin Efim
Published: February 2022

Over the past millennia, the Sea of Azov has undergone a number of very significant changes in the hydrological regime, salinity, and boundaries of biological communities. An increase in the salinity of the waters of the Azov Sea up to 15 ‰ was noted many times. This suggests that the current "record" salinity levels from a historical point of view are not extreme. According to forecasts of changes in the level of the World Ocean, one should expect another transgression and intensive pontization of the Sea of Azov. This creates the preconditions for a long-term forecast of a change in the basic fishing objects in the Sea of Azov from a group of pontic relicts to Mediterranean invaders and introduced species.
THE PROBLEM OF EVALUATING CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN PERSONAL GEORGIAN POPULATION
Authors: Tsinamdzgvrishvili B. V. , Trapaidze D. D. , Abesadze T. G. , Sturua L. Z. , Sharashidze N. S.
Published: February 2022

Aim of the study: to analyze the challenges in management of personal cardiovascular risk in Georgian population. Methods: survey of quantitative and qualitative studies of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in Georgia. Results: • Failure of screening activities in field of cardiovascular diseases • Failure of epidemiological data regarding cardiovascular diseases in female as well as in male subpopulations • Underestimation of lipid profile abnormalities as priority risk factors by patients as well as by physicians.
DYAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CARDIAC PULMONARY OEDEMA
Authors: Tereschenko S. N. , Zhirov I. V. , Nakonechnikov S. N.
Published: February 2022

In this review are outlined key points of pathogenesis, differential diagnosis and treatment strategy in cardiac pulmonary oedema. Are included table data of medical and respiratory assistance?
Perceptions of obstetricians, midwives, and patients towards the delivery table shield: survey on a novel protective equipment
Authors: YEGİN Gülin Feykan , YALCİN BAHAT Pinar , TANACAN Atakan , İSLEK SECEN Elcin , EROL Seyit Ahmet , KESKİN Hüseyin Levent , ÖZDEMİR İsmail , MORALOĞLU TEKİN Özlem , SAHİN Dilek
Published: February 2022

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate perceptions of doctors, midwives, and patients regarding our designed delivery table shield (DTS) during second stage of vaginal deliveries of women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19.

Methods: In this cross-sectional double-center study, semi-structured questionnaires were administered to doctors/midwives (n = 224) and patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 (n = 154) with experience on use of DTS during second stage. All statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test to compare the categorical variables and pair-wise comparisons were performed via the chi-square test. A p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: Of the sample healthcare providers, 180 (80.4%) stated being safe with DTS; 204 (91.1%) stated not encountering any problem using the shield; 171 (76.3 %) thought the DTS does not complicate the intervention in any obstetric urgency. 131 (85%) of patients stated feeling safe and not having any problem; 141 (91.6%) stated that DTS did not affect mother-baby bonding and suggested vaginal delivery with DTS to expectant mothers.

Conclusion: The study supported that using DTS during second stage of vaginal delivery of women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, is advantageous for obstetricians and midwives without compromising optimal labor conditions.
İntrahepatik gebelik kolestazı olan hastalarda safra asidi düzeyleri ile olumsuz gebelik sonuçları arasındaki ilişki: 120 vakanın retrospektif analizi
Authors: ANUK Ali Taner , KARA Özgür
Published: February 2022

Amaç: Literatürde birçok çalışmada intrahepatik gebelik kolestazı (İGK) tanılı kadınlarda serum açlık safra asidi (ASA) düzeylerinin 40 umol/L üzerinde iken olumsuz perinatal sonuçları öngörmede daha iyi olduğu gösterilmiştir. Çalışmamızda, İGK tanısı alan hastalarda, serum ASA düzeylerine göre (10-40 ve >40 mmol/L) oluşturulan gruplar arasında hastalık şiddeti ile olumsuz perinatal sonuçlar arasındaki ilişkiyi ölçmeyi amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: 1 Eylül 2019 - 31 Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında hastanemizde yapılan bu retrospektif çalışmaya İGK tanısı alan 120 hasta dahil edildi. Obstetrik sonuçlar, maternal ve fetal komplikasyonlar analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Serum ASA düzeyleri 10-40 umol/L aralığında olan 88 olgu ile 40 umol/L’nin üzerinde olan 32 olgu karşılaştırıldı. Maternal ve fetal komplikasyon oranları, açlık safra asidi düzeyi >40 umol/L olan grupta anlamlı olarak artmış saptandı (p40 umol/L olan grupta 1. dk ve 5.dk Apgar skorları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı oranda düşük saptanmış olup, yenidoğan yoğun bakım (YDYB) ihtiyacı da anlamlı olarak artmış bulundu (p 40 umol/L olan İGK tanılı olgularda preterm doğum, mekonyumlu amniyon, neonatal respiratuar distres sendromu (RDS), YDYB ihtiyacı ve neonatal ölümü içeren gebelik olumsuz sonuçları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek saptandı. Özellikle olumsuz gebelik sonuçlarının belirli ASA değerlerinin üzerinde anlamlı olarak yükselmesi, klinisyenleri İGK ile komplike olan gebeliklerin yönetiminde daha iyi klinik sonuçlar elde etmek açısından yönlendirebilir.
Idiopathic megaureter incidentally detected during placenta accreta surgery
Authors: ESERCAN Alev , EKMEKCİ Emre , BAHÇECİ Tuncer
Published: February 2022

As ureter variations can be seen common and the most common type of is duplication. Rare type of a variation is widening of ureter which is defined as ‘megaureter’. It can be primary or secondary to an abnormality. The main cause for primary megaureter is functional while for the secondary is due to an anatomical narrowing or an inborn subvesical obstacle to urine flow from bladder. In this case, we presented 35 years old woman diagnosed with placenta accreta spectrum and fifth cesarean section. We performed cesarean hysterectomy and during the surgery, it was observed that the right ureter was severely dilated during the retroperitoneal control of surgery area. Dilatation of ureter was evaluated, and it was diagnosed as idiopathic. In conclusion, despite ureters should be checked during major gynecological surgeries, detection of a dilated ureter during surgery does not always mean an iatrogenic complication.
Fetal intracranial hemorrhage: prenatal imaging findings and postnatal clinical outcome
Authors: DAGDEVİREN Gulsah , ERGÜN Elif , KELEŞ Ayşe , YUCEL CELİK Ozge , YÜCEL Aykan , SAHİN Dilek
Published: February 2022

Aim: To investigate imaging findings and postnatal clinical features of fetal intracranial hemorrhage.

Materials and Method: Fetal intracranial hemorrhage cases detected in our institution between 2018 and 2020 by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging were included. Maternal characteristics, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging findings, and postnatal outcomes were noted.

Results: A total of 10 cases with a gestational age of 21-35 weeks at the time of diagnosis were detected. Eight cases had an intraventricular hemorrhage, one case had a cerebellar hemorrhage, and one case had both intraventricular and subdural hemorrhage. An identifiable risk factor was detected in 60% of the cases. While intracranial hemorrhage was diagnosed by ultrasonography in seven cases, in 3 cases it was detected by magnetic resonance imaging that was performed for indications other than intracranial hemorrhage. In two cases pregnancy was terminated, one intrauterine fetal death occurred and seven cases born alive were followed up for at least six months in the postnatal period. Among these, the neurological disorder was observed in 66.6%.

Conclusion: Fetal magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and characterization of intracranial hemorrhage and is complementary to ultrasonography. Hence we recommend using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging together in its diagnosis.
Silene vanchingshanensis (Caryophyllaceae) a new species from Southwest China
Authors: Yang Feng , Liu Jin-Li , Li Ping-Ping , Wang Huan-Chong
Published: February 2022

Silene vanchingshanensis (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Fanjingshan Mountain in Guizhou (southwest China) is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to S. morrisonmontana and S. hupehensis, from which it can be easily distinguished by having pubescent stems usually 10–15 cm long, linear-oblanceolate leaves 3–6 cm × 3–6 mm, often 2–5-flowered cymes, pink or violet petals and narrowly ovoid capsules.
Covid-19 – La mondialisation et les firmes multinationales à l’épreuve de la crise sanitaire
Authors: Palloix Christian
Published: February 2022

Alors que le cours de la mondialisation était en retrait en 2018 et 2019 – baisse des exportations mondiales, baisse des flux d’investissements directs à l’étranger, plafonnement et ralentissement du taux annuel d’évolution du PIB monde –, la crise sanitaire 2020 et 2021 accentue ce retrait du cours de la mondialisation sans qu’on puisse anticiper une quelconque « démondialisation » pour l’avenir. Mais, les acteurs majeurs de cette mondialisation, les firmes multinationales, en s’appuyant sur leurs chaînes logistiques – arrimées dans les paradis fiscaux – surfent sur les opportunités offertes par les difficultés actuelles de la mondialisation, avec fermetures de sites, restructurations, cessions-acquisitions, pour asseoir encore davantage leurs dominations et améliorer leur rentabilité.
Le coronavirus et l’importance de l’insertion dans l’économie de la connaissance : une lecture évolutionniste
Authors: Djeflat Abdelkader
Published: February 2022

La pandémie du coronavirus a pris de court quasiment tout le monde, les gouvernements en tête, plusieurs décisions ont été prises au sommet des États pour surtout limiter les dégâts sur la population d’abord et sur l’économie ensuite. Au-delà des conséquences économiques et financières, au cœur de cette pandémie, trône l’incapacité de l’humanité à trouver un remède dans le sens médical du terme, dévoilant ainsi une crise profonde de la connaissance dans des pays, pourtant parmi les plus avancés sur l’échelle de l’économie de la connaissance. Face à une incapacité du marché à fournir une réponse, les mesures institutionnelles ont permis de contenir les effets de la pandémie. Ce travail montrera que la plupart des mesures relèvent de l’univers de l’économie de la connaissance dans un premier temps et dans un deuxième temps comment les fondements évolutionnistes de cette économie ont été bousculés par les pratiques. Les riches illustrations de l’observation de la réalité illustreront la partie empirique et conforteront l’idée de la crise de la Covid comme source d’opportunités.
Chine : vers quel modèle de croissance post-Covid-19 ?
Authors: Richet Xavier
Published: February 2022

Dans cet essai, on s’interroge sur l’impact de la pandémie de la Covid-19 sur l’économie mondiale, sur les politiques de relances adoptées et sur les effets de la guerre commerciale et de la stratégie de découplage sur l’économie chinoise. Les autorités chinoises, dans le nouveau contexte, envisagent la mise en œuvre de politiques économiques de relance dans le cadre d’un nouveau modèle de croissance reposant sur la demande intérieure et sur la capacité à produire, via des politiques industrielles, les connaissances nécessaires pour développer les technologies auxquelles elles n’ont plus accès.
Proximités et Covid-19 : un rôle renforcé
Authors: Torre André
Published: February 2022

Les proximités jouent un rôle tout à fait central dans la crise du Covid-19, qu’elles favorisent la propagation de la pandémie, réduisent les interactions humaines et sociales ou permettent d’échanger et de garder le contact à distance. Dans cet article, l’analyse porte sur la manière dont la pandémie révèle et modifie à la fois leur fonctionnement et leurs impacts sur notre existence.
Supplemental aerobic, anaerobic and strength training positively affects autonomic functioning, anaerobic capacity, and immune cell homeostasis of male judo athletes
Authors: Pramanik A. , Das S. , Kumar B.A. , Ganguly S. , Singh M. , Guleria K. , Shenoy S. , Singh S.B.
Published: February 2022

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of additional package of aerobic, anaerobic and strength training (AAS training), along with the conventional judo specific training, on autonomic nervous system balance, anaerobic capacity, exercise adaptation, phenotype of different blood mononuclear cells and cellular inflammatory signalling of university judo athletes. Thirty male judokas were randomly allocated to a control group/conventional judo specific training group (performing Uchi-komi, Nage komi, and Randori) or to an experimental group/conventional judo specific training + additional AAS training group. Physiological data including recovery ANS variables and anaerobic capacity were obtained by using wireless heart rate variability and anaerobic cycle ergometer, respectively, at two different time points (T1-pre, T3-post). Serum and primary mononuclear cells were prepared at three different time points (T1-pre, T2-acute, T3-post) and processed further as per the experimental requirement. For measuring the expression level of genes, and proteins biomarkers related to immune health, we have performed advanced qPCR array technique, flow cytometry, ELISA and zymosan-fluorescein assays. The additional training modality enhanced athletes’ anaerobic performance, parasympathetic functioning, and exercise adaptation. On the other hand, it decreased fatigue index, stress index, number of reactive immune cells, and intensity of inflammatory signalling. Overall, the present study, for the very first time, exhibited the positive effect of four weeks long additional AAS training on autonomic functioning, anaerobic capacity, and immune cell homeostasis of male judo athletes. This additional training package might also help the judo coaches to optimise training schedule for the competitive session.
Toric Lenticule Implantation for Correction of Hyperopia and Astigmatism Following Small Incision Lenticule Intrastromal Keratoplasty With the Triple Marking Method
Authors: Liu Shengtao , Zhang Xiaoxue , Zhou Xingtao
Published: February 2022

PURPOSE:

To describe the first use of toric lenticule implantation with the triple marking method to correct hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism following small incision lenticule intrastromal keratoplasty (SMI-LIKE).

METHODS:

Five eyes of four patients with hyperopia (+5.25 to +9.50 diopters sphere) were included. Allogenic toric lenticules extracted using myopic small incision lenticule extraction were implanted and rotated into a femtosecond laser–created stromal pocket in hyperopic recipients with triple marking. The uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, manifest refraction, corneal topography, and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography images were examined 6 months postoperatively.

RESULTS:

Six months after surgery, 4 eyes (80%) gained two or more lines of UDVA, and 1 eye (20%) had unchanged UDVA. No eyes lost any lines of CDVA. The spherical equivalent decreased from +6.23 ± 1.34 diopters (D) preoperatively to −0.35 ± 0.27 D postoperatively. The mean refractive astigmatism also decreased significantly from −2.15 ± 1.10 D preoperatively to −0.70 ± 0.21 D postoperatively. Of 5 treated eyes, 2 (40%) had postoperative astigmatism within ±0.50 diopters cylinder and 5 (100%) within ±1.00 diopters cylinder. Corneal topography showed a significant increase in the anterior surface keratometry value, whereas corneal astigmatism decreased from 2.62 ± 1.55 to 1.10 ± 0.44 D. Vector analyses suggested good predictability and efficacy for astigmatism correction.

CONCLUSIONS:

Implantation of toric lenticules following SMI-LIKE with the triple marking method is a feasible alternative for correcting hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism, and the short-term results seem safe and stable.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(2):82–88.]
Biologics in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Kleinhenz Julia , Wagner Ellen
Published: February 2022

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) consist of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. These are conditions that, although managed by pediatric gastroenterologists, are encountered frequently by the general pediatrician. The purpose of this article is to review the use of targeted antibody treatments, also known as biologics, in the treatment of pediatric IBD as well as complications and adverse effects for the pediatrician to consider when caring for a patient with IBD who is taking biologics.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2022;51(2):e77–e81.]
contínuo atmosférico mediático e o problema da comunicação: em busca do horizonte do comunicacional
Authors: Moreira Benedito Diélcio , Libanio Deodato Rafael
Published: February 2022

Desde o início do século passado, inúmeros estudos sobre a comunicação e seus fenômenos foram debatidos. No entanto, nenhuma das teorias propostas realmente deu conta de questionar o fenômeno comunicacional, principalmente depois dos acontecimentos do campo político que levaram à ascensão de líderes de extrema-direita ao poder. Ciente da importância da comunicação e da informação nessas transformações sociais, Ciro Marcondes Filho se lança ao desafio de repensar as teorias de comunicação. Este texto traz para discussão a constatação de um contínuo atmosférico mediático, conceito inacabado de Marcondes Filho, que contém múltiplas potencialidades para se discutir as questões pungentes do contemporâneo, em especial a crise do político e o movimento conservador.
Ubuntu Epistemology, Sankofa Scale, Africana Womanism, and African American Male Theory in Leadership
Authors: Hawkins-Moore Velicia
Published: February 2022

This chapter situates Ubuntu epistemology, Sankofa scale, Africana womanism, and African American male theory within an African American leadership and mentoring frame. This research is used to create an Afrocentric episteme through which the African American experience as both a leader and a trainee can be better understood. This chapter analyzes the research regarding the purpose and promise of such a frame. It explores the preparation that instructors and physical spaces must undergo in order to facilitate the 21st century mentee in meeting career goals. It outlines the roles and agendas of preceptors associated with an African American leadership and mentoring frame. The final aim of this project is to use transformative and restorative measures to create a dialogue and actionable steps toward equality and efficacy in the job market and within the global knowledge economy.