bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracutaneous Lesions in Patients with Focal Scleroderma of Craniofacial Localization: a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Materikin Alexander I. , Epishev Roman V. , Leonova Maria A. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Fedorov Dmitry V. , Ivanov Roman A. , Savelova Alena A. , Pavlova Ekaterina S. , Ufimtseva Anastasiya U.
Published: November 2024

Background. Focal scleroderma is rare, acquired disease characterized by inflammation, sclerosis, skin and underlying tissues atrophy, with no lesions to internal organs. However, craniofacial localized scleroderma (CLS) can lead to neurological, ophthalmic, and maxillofacial changes. Extracutaneous lesions at limited scleroderma remain poorly studied despite its high prevalence. Objective. The aim of the study is to characterize brain anomalies revealed at neuroimaging and to analyze their incidence in pediatric patients with focal scleroderma, as well as to describe comorbid neurological and ophthalmic disorders. Methods. Descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study included 33 pediatric patients who underwent hospital treatment at dermatology and allergology department of National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health with diagnosis of focal scleroderma from 2016 to 2024. All patients were examined by neurologist and ophthalmologist during hospitalization, as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. The incidence of neurological, ophthalmic, and radiological signs was evaluated in the studied patients as well as their correlations within the data analysis. Results. 33 pediatric patients from 3 to 17 years old were studied. The number of boys and girls was not significantly different (p=0.46). MRI neuroimaging changes were revealed in 17 of 33 patients (51.5%). 12 patients (36.4%) had isolated disorders, 5 (15.1%) — multiple (two or more types) according to MRI data. Neurological disorders were reported in 8 out of 33 patients (24%). Ophthalmic disorders — in 10 out of 33 (30.3%). The study has revealed correlation indicating that the presence of epilepsy in CLS is associated with changes in the brain structure according to MRI (hyperintensive signal at T2-weighted image and FLAIR) (p=0,022). Also, such changes as hypointense signal during T2-VI are correlated with tension headache (p=0.03). No correlation between ophthalmic changes and neuroimaging changes was revealed. Conclusion. Significant number of pediatric patients with CLS have wide range of ophthalmic and neurological manifestations, including neuroimaging abnormalities. Precise and timely diagnosis of these symptoms is crucial for determining treatment intervention.
Experience with Lipofilling in Children with Localized Scleroderma: Case Study
Authors: Misbakhova Alina R. , Manturova Nataliya E. , Kruglova Larisa S. , Murashkin Nikolay N. , Mayransaeva Sofiya R.
Published: November 2024

Background. Localized scleroderma (LS) is an inflammatory sclerosing disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by progressive lesion of connective tissue leading to sclerosis and/or atrophy of the skin and underlying tissues. The LS prevalence is 27 cases per 1 million per year, and 3.4 cases occur in children. Clinical case description. This article presents two clinical cases of LS in children under the age of 12 years. Contour plastic surgery with adipose tissue (lipofilling) was performed in both cases. It was possible to achieve volume correction via lipoaspirate, to increase derma and subcutaneous fat thickness in sclerosis focus, to reduce skin tightness, and to improve microcirculation during the treatment. Conclusion. Surgical management of children with lipofilling allows to eliminate gross facial defects, to increase the subcutaneous fat layer in sclerosis foci. Moreover, these patients report an improvement in psycho-emotional state after autotransplantation of adipose tissue.
Self-healing performance of nanosilica-doped concrete based on microbial mineralisation
Authors: Wu He-Xiang , Yang Wen-Xu , Li Shuang-Xin , Zhao Yun-Peng , Sun Quan-Sheng
Published: November 2024

The effects of different dosages of expanded perlite (as a carrier for bacteria) and nanosilica on the strength and self-healing properties of cement mortar were investigated. The strengths of specimens at different curing ages were tested using a pressure testing machine. Additionally, pre-cracks were formed in specimens and the cracks and healing products were observed by electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction to validate the experimental results. The results showed that the self-healing agents agglomerated at the cracks and triggered a metabolic reaction, thus resulting in the formation of numerous calcium carbonate precipitates that sealed the cracks and therefore significantly improved the self-healing of the cement mortar. Nanosilica facilitates the hydration reaction of cement and undergoes a pozzolanic reaction with calcium hydroxide; this reaction consumes calcium hydroxide and generates hydrated calcium silicate to fill pores. Consequently, the incorporation of an appropriate amount of nanosilica effectively enhanced the strength of the cement mortar. Simultaneously incorporating self-healing agents and nanosilica at suitable dosages provides a new approach for optimising both the mechanical properties and self-healing performance of concrete.
Insights on virtual reality adoption for construction workers’ training in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mbaraja Tendai Zacharia , Moyo Tirivavi
Published: November 2024

Low skills are evident in the Zimbabwean construction industry. While virtual reality (VR) is a possible solution, there is limited evidence of how it can significantly enhance construction workers’ skills. Hence, this study examined key stakeholder insights into VR adoption and how it can enhance construction workers’ skills. A positivist approach was used, and questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from building contractors and technical and vocational training centres. The data was analysed using mean ranks, mean scores, standard deviation, and Spearman’s correlation. Results showed stakeholders’ similar perceptions towards VR adoption. Building firm professionals are, however, more aware of VR than lecturers. Conversely, lecturers placed more importance on VR adoption. Stakeholders deem all features of VR to be critical for training. Furthermore, stakeholders believe that adopting VR in training positively impacts improving construction workers’ skills. Recommendations include fostering collaboration among stakeholders to encourage the adoption and usage of VR. The benefits of VR adoption include enhanced workers’ skills critical for productivity improvement and training institutions’ improvement of content delivery methods and curricula meeting industry needs. The limitation of the study was the lack of a qualitative inquiry; however, further studies can implement mixed methods for a broader analysis.
Macro joint model for progressive collapse analysis of L-shaped CFST column frames
Authors: Zhang Wang , Sun Shang , Xiong Qingqing , Du Yansheng , Wang Yan
Published: November 2024

In this study, a macro joint model was developed to evaluate the progressive collapse resistance of L-shaped columns composed of concrete-filled steel tube (L-CFST) frames, accounting for joint performance. The methods used to calculate the spring stiffness in each part of the macro joint model were derived using the component method and the deformation coordination principle. Additionally, an L-CFST frame model consisting of fibre beam elements and macro joint models was created. For frame models with different parameters, the dynamic response under column removal was analysed; these parameters included the loading condition, connection type, the location of failed columns, the height and number of floors and the span–depth ratio of the steel beams. The macro joint model was found to have high accuracy in predicting progressive collapse resistance. The L-CFST column frames with novel side-plate reinforced connections fully exploited the catenary mechanism and Vierendeel action. All the variables affected the vertical displacement at the position of the failed columns, with the span–depth ratio having the most significant impact.
Fine analysis and size optimisation of spherical hinge in swivel construction
Authors: Nie Feng , Zhao Lin , Zhang Dechang , Wang Huili
Published: November 2024

Contact stress and friction torque are the two primary mechanical responses of a spherical hinge. In general engineering practice, the calculation methods for contact stress and friction in spherical hinges often involve simplifying the spherical hinge into a planar hinge. To accurately analyse the stress state of the spherical hinge, it is essential to establish a detailed model. In this study, 17 groups of spherical hinge models were developed. The support radius, curvature radius and thickness of the spherical hinge were considered influencing factors, while the maximum contact stress, friction torque and amount of steel used were treated as responses. A three-factor, three-level and three-response design was implemented. Using the response surface method, design optimisation was conducted, resulting in the proposal of two optimisation schemes (I and II). In schemes I and II, the maximum contact stress was reduced by 40.10% and 10.91%, respectively, while the friction torque was decreased by 0.82% and 26.50%, respectively. The maximum error between the predicted and calculated values was found to be 7.04%. This indicates that the model presented in this study possesses sufficient predictive accuracy and can effectively guide the selection of spherical hinge dimensions.
Landscape design and planning using integrating parameter technology and spatial characteristics
Authors: Yao Lan , Zou Weiyan
Published: November 2024

With the continuous progress of society, traditional concepts of landscape design are undergoing changes. This research proposes a landscape design and planning approach that integrates parameter technology and spatial characteristics. The introduction of parameter technology makes the design process more flexible and efficient, while the in-depth exploration of spatial features adds depth and individuality to the design. In the optimisation of private gardens in the Jiangnan region, the use of landscape design resulted in a 1.72 times increase in construction efficiency. The combination of spatial features increased space utilisation to 78.28%, with scores exceeding 9 points in aspects such as layout rationality and aesthetics. Furthermore, the design significantly supported the enhancement of ecological systems and economic benefits, with positive trends observed in vegetation coverage, water resource management, and overall environmental cleanliness, leading to a 20.68% increase in environmental benefits. Economically, the landscaped areas planned after the design not only experienced continuous revenue growth but also achieved a net profit of 1.6209 million RMB within 12 months. This research not only expands the methods and tools of landscape design but also provides strong support for planning practices. It demonstrates reference value in the comprehensive improvement of ecological and economic benefits.
FEATURES OF THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TUVA IN RELATION TO THE STATE DIRECTION OF TRADITIONAL VALUES DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Kemerovo State Institute of Culture, Matveeva E. V. , Astakhov O. Yu. ,   Kemerovo State Institute of Culture, Sat А. V. ,   Tuva Institute of Humanitarian and Applied Socio-Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva
Published: November 2024

At times of significant change or challenge for modern states, interest in understanding the phenomenon of political culture gains topicality. In recent years, Russia has developed a regulatory framework in the field of cultural policy, particularly in the preservation and strengthening of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values. Based on the case of an ethnic minority region, the Republic of Tuva, the authors assess the significance of traditional values for the development of the region that determine stable and sustainable development in the current political conditions. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between cultural traditions and the centuries-old features of the political culture of the Tuva population. The article aims at considering the specifics of the political culture of the Republic of Tuva as one of the Russian national regions with the possibility of using the existing practice in the formation of technologies for strengthening the foundations of traditional culture in the Russian regions. The article highlights that the modern political culture of Tuva is a synthesis of the features of a common culture of Tuvinians, which ultimately determines the sustainability of the implemented policies of the regional authorities and shows a high level of support for the federal authorities in strengthening Russian traditional values.
SPECIFIC PERSPECTIVES OF POLITICAL KNOWLEDGE OR REVISITING THE BENEFITS OF ELECTORAL GEOGRAPHY
Authors:   Perm State University, Borisova Nadezhda
Published: November 2024

This reviewed monograph[1] is dedicated to the development, current state, and methodological potential of electoral geography. Drawing on a wide array of domestic and international electoral, political, and geographical studies, the author demonstrates not only the historical trajectory of the academic discipline, but also how electoral geography opens up new avenues for understanding and interpreting elections as political process, institution, instrument, procedure, and phenomenon. Through the "geographical lens" it is possible not only to grasp the spatial extent and dimensions of elections, but also to employ methodological instruments and spatial analysis techniques. In other words, the methods of electoral geography "ground" elections while simultaneously enabling their conceptualization and understanding in terms of spatial structure, organization, and impact. [1] Okunev, I. Y. (2023) Electoral Geography. Aspect Press Publishing
ECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS OF LANGUAGE POLICY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Perm State University, Belousova N. S.
Published: November 2024

The study of the relationship between economics and language policy is a relatively small block of research literature. However, if the political and economic effects of language policy are studied more thoroughly, the economic determinants of its implementation require special attention. Does the economic situation of regions formed according to the ethnolinguistic principle affect the practices of institutionalization of language policy in them and in conjunction with other factors? The article considers the following variables: the economic situation of the region, the share of the "titular" ethnolinguistic group in the population of the region, the electoral support for "United Russia", the affiliation of the governor of the region with the "titular" ethnolinguistic group, the distance of the region from the federal center. The study is conducted on the example of 26 regions of the Russian Federation. The qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) of the 2016 data negates the central hypothesis about the influence of the economic status of the region on the level of learning the "titular" language during secondary education. The ethnolinguistic minority's share in the population, the governor's affiliation with this minority, and the electoral support of "United Russia" in national elections had the greatest impact on the institutionalization practices of language policy in education.
POTENTIAL OF AUTONOMY OF INTRA-STATE REGIONS: OUTCOMES FOR SOVEREIGNTY
Authors:   Herzen University, Frolova Yu. N.
Published: November 2024

The article is dedicated to the issue of separatism, specifically one of its forms – the autonomism of intra-state regions and its possible consequences and influence on sovereignty. The author emphasizes that secessionism is more often considered as the main threat to a sovereign state, however, autonomism, transforming a sovereign state from within, probably creates even more serious challenges. The methodological basis of the work is presented by the theories of sovereignty, regionalism, autonomism, separatism, as well as the concept of an intra-state region as an actor in global politics. The article focuses on the problems of the transformation of sovereignty in the modern world and the prospects this process creates for the development of the autonomism movement. Considering some examples of autonomism, the author formulates a thesis about the complexity of this phenomenon: this is not only a movement to acquire political subjectivity, but also an analytical and existing structure consisting of the movement itself and a variety of interrelated actors and projects that arise both inside and outside the state, in global politics. As a result, conclusions are formulated about the possible consequences for sovereignty, as well as further directions of research on the issue.
Tusk of unique fossil elephant (Chelyabinsk region): mineralogical-isotopic-geochemical properties and paleoecological reconstructions
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Silaev V. I. , Yurin V. I. ,   Historical and Cultural Heritage Center, Kosintsev P. A. ,   Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB RAS, Smoleva I.V. ,   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Kiselyova D. V. ,   Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry UB RAS, Parshukova M. N. ,   Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University
Published: November 2024

For the first time, mineralogical, isotope, and geochemical studies have beencarried out on a Pleistocene elephant tusk from the easternmost location of this typeof mammal. The obtained data from complex mineralogical-isotope-geochemicalstudies allow us to draw the following conclusion. Judging by the properties of thetusk, the fossil elephant discovered in the Chelyabinsk region lived in conditions thatwere uncomfortable for itself in terms of climate and diet, practiced coprophagy and,most likely, died as a result of an accident. It can be assumed that it belonged to apopulation of extinct elephants that migrated east during a period of severe coolingin the middle of the Middle Valdai (Kargin) interstadial (42–38 thousand years ago),which peaked in the territory of modern Western Europe.
Formation of fulgurites in regions of Russia and approaches to their classification
Authors:   JSC CSRI of Geology of Industrial Minerals, Stolova O. G.
Published: November 2024

Nearly a century ago, fulgurites entered the sphere of scientific interest of P. N. Chirvinsky, making him rightfully the first domestic researcher who studiedthem in Russia. This article draws the attention of colleagues to the expediency andbenefit of classifying the mentioned natural phenomenon, taking into account itspeculiarities and specific forms of formation.
Collision and lithogenic minerals the Permian Urals
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Iblaminov R. G.
Published: November 2024

The relationship of geological formations and minerals as a natural paragenetic association and symbiosis of collisional lithogenic mineragenic formations is considered. The connection of the main mineral resources of the Perm Region – salts and oil - with the geodynamic processes of the Paleoural is shown.
A new find of carbonized wood in salt of the Verkhnekamskoe Deposit
Authors:   Mining Institute UB RAS, Korotchenkova O. V. , Chaikovskiy I. I. ,   Mining Institute UB RAS
Published: November 2024

A study of carbonized wood found in the salts of the Verkhnekamskoe Deposit showed that it was carried into the basin during the period when turbidity currents arrived from the land, interrupting potassium sedimentation. The crystallization of glauberite here is associated with the sweet (HCO3–Ca) composition of the waters. Diagenetic processes manifested themselves in the formation of nodules of anhydrite and sulfate-reduced pyrite. The formation of vein sylvite, which composes contraction cracks in carbonized wood, is associated with folding. The highest value of the gas dryness coefficient in carbonized wood indicates that it is a source of methane. Consequently, the host silvinites of the Verkhnekamskoe Deposit, richer in heavy hydrocarbons, inherited their gas composition mainly from organic matter of animal (sapropelic) nature.
Role of mineral-indicators under prospecting of diamond placers in the Urals
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Osovetsky B. M.
Published: November 2024

The mineral-indicators of kimberlite diamonds (pyropes, chromeshpinelides, picroilmenite, and others) are very often met in the Cenozoic placers and intermediate collectors in the western slope of the Urals. The author of the article supposes the presence of their mother rocks (kimberlites) in the eastern frontier areas of the Volga-Urals Shield. So mineral-indicators may be used as indicators of diamond quantity in placers during their prospecting.
Acercamiento a comportamientos informacionales docentes de instituciones educativas privadas en Bogotá
Authors: Rodríguez-Zárate Luisa Camila , Rodríguez-Pizzinato Liliana Angélica
Published: November 2024

El artículo presenta una aproximación a los comportamientos informacionales que manifiestan docentes de instituciones privadas del sector urbano de Bogotá sobre el ciberespacio, como parte de la investigación que se adelanta en el proceso de formación en la Maestría en Educación de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. El referente teórico aborda relaciones entre tecnología y globalización y categorías metodológicas para interpretar la información producida. La metodología se basa en la etnografía educativa y técnicas de observación y entrevista, cuyos resultados se presentan mediante narrativas sobre habilidades digitales, motivaciones, usos, hábitos en el ciberespacio, intereses y prácticas informacionales del sujeto cibernauta. Las conclusiones se refieren a los resultados sobre la exploración de los entornos cibernéticos con los que interactúan los docentes y estas herramientas para su ejercicio profesional.
Mild Ovarian Stimulation Using the Aromatase Inhibitor Letrozole (LTZ) is a Good Stimulation Protocol for to Obtain Euploid Blastocysts for Advanced Maternal Age Women
Authors: Koji Nakagawa , Takashi Horikawa , Keisuke Shiobara , Shunsuke Ishiyama , Hisayo Kataoka , Katsuki Nakao , Yuko Ojiro , Keiji Kuroda , Satoru Takamizawa , Rikikazu Sugiyama
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Mild Ovarian Stimulation (MOS) is an effective form of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) for Advanced Maternal Age (AMA) women. Taking either Clomiphene (CC) or Letrozole (LTZ) with MOS reduces the amount of gonadotropin that must be used. It has remained uncertain, however, whether LTZ or CC is more effective in combination with MOS. Therefore, we evaluated the choice of combination of either CC or LTZ with MOS and quantified the obtainment of euploid blastocysts for AMA women. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between January 2020 and April 2021. In this study, we stimulated 286 women with MOS, 153 of these women used CC (CC group) and 133 were given LTZ (LTZ group). All women took either 100 mg of CC or 5 mg of LTZ daily for 7 days between MC 3 and MC 9, and 225 IU of recombinant-FSH were administered on MC 3, MC 5, MC 7, and MC 9. The euploid rates were compared between these two groups. Among them, the women who were ≥ 40 years old were divided into two groups, the CC-O40 group (n = 61) and LTZ-O40 group (n = 54), and the euploid rates were evaluated. Results: For AMA women, the blastocyst formation rate in the LTZ-O40 group (58.5%) was significantly higher than that in the CC-O40 group (46.6%, p < 0.05). The euploid rate in the LTZ group was 53.4%, which was significantly higher than that in the CC group (38.0%, p < 0.05). The AMA euploid rate in the LTZ-O40 group was 40.5%, which also was significantly higher than that in the CC-O40 group (16.7%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: For AMA women, a regimen of LTZ combined with MOS is the most effective ovarian stimulation method for obtaining euploid blastocysts.
Consistency and Validity of a Telediagnosis Method in Orthodontics
Authors: Chris Orloff
Published: November 2024

The use of teledentistry in orthodontics has evolved in recent years, accelerated by the social distancing of the coronavirus pandemic, and now driven by the desire on the part of practitioners to improve the sustainability of the profession and by consumer demand to improve access to care and reduce the costs associated with access to specialist services. This is especially true of Western Australia which is a vast State with patchy access to specialist care. This article demonstrates that a physical examination of 46 patients attending a remote orthodontic clinic 600 km from the metropolitan centre of WA, and a review of clinical photographs of the same patient, can achieve an 80% concordance utilizing very simple tools such as a point-and-shoot camera.
Two-Stage Dynamic Control Protocol for Cloning, Autoinduction, Autolysis, and Purification of Nanobodies from the E. coli Cytoplasm v1
Authors: Hennigan Jennifer , Menacho Melgar Romel , Sarkar Payel , Golovsky Maximillian , Lynch Michael
Published: November 2024

This protocol aims to offer a straightforward and efficient procedure for cloning nanobodies (VHHs) into a vector designed for phosphate dependent auto inducible expression in the E. coli cytoplasm. We provide step-by-step instructions for cloning, autoinduction, simple cell lysis, and the purification of VHHs through filtration. This protocol is designed to be accessible, less empirical, and adaptable to various parameters such as expression time and temperature. It represents a robust and versatile approach for high titer VHH expression and purification in E. coli, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in nanobody research.
COSMIC DISTANCE LADDER AND RELATED PROBLEMS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, PARNOVSKY Serge
Published: November 2024

A brief description of the methods of determining the distances to celestial bodies in the Solar System, the Galaxy and beyond is given; the concept of the “distance ladder” is described. The problems that arise when moving from one level to another are shown. A bias in the determination of distances and a systematic error in the Hubble constant occur if we use distances estimated using statistical dependencies to calibrate ones obtained by another method. This is a consequence of statistical data processing when approximating any dependence based on a set of measurement data. Random errors in the values of the ordinate lead to random errors in the parameters of the dependence. However, random errors in the values of the abscissa lead additionally to systematic errors in the dependence parameters. This gives a systematic error when estimating the value based on the obtained dependence. When astronomers calibrate distances to the stars in the Galaxy estimated by Cepheid or main-sequence star luminosities, the abscissa is the distance to nearby stars determined by parallaxes, which have small errors that can be reduced as measurement accuracy improves. A spread in ordinate for fixed abscissa is related to the statistical nature of dependence. When moving to the next rung of the ladder, astronomers compare the distances obtained for a sample of nearby galaxies by other methods (Tully-Fisher-type dependencies, surface brightness fluctuations, etc.), which are ordinate, and the ones obtained from Cepheid, etc, which are the abscissa. It is the errors in the abscissas that lead to the appearance of the bias of the calibration and all the distances estimated by the obtained dependence. This bias increases when moving to the next rungs of the distance ladder. The consequences of it and ways to reduce the bias impact are discussed. Appropriate corrections could be done using the error estimation obtain from the Monte Carlo simulations. This bias can be the source of the Hubble tension.
ANALYSIS OF THE ARRAY OF DISCOVERED EXOPLANETS ON THE SUBJECT OF THE POSSIBILITY OF THE EXISTENCE OF EARTH-TYPE LIFE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, PONOMARENKO Vasyl , IVANOV Artem ,   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Exoplanets in the habitable zone are particularly valuable objects for research. They provide a more detailed understanding of the conditions for the emergence of life and with it an understanding of whether life could exist on Mars or other objects in the solar system. Methods. Based on information from the open database https://exoplanet.eu, with the help of specially developed software in the Python programming language, a sample was made from all confirmed exoplanets, as well as from all candidates for exoplanets. Results. An analysis of the minimum conditions for the appearance of life, its existence, and further development to complex and even intelligent forms has been carried out. It was established that for life to exist, the central star must belong to the spectral class G, K, or M. Conclusions. As a result of the selection, we selected 5 exoplanets. Selected exoplanets deserve a more detailed study using modern telescopes and new space missions (JWST and others) to analyze their atmospheres.
MAGNETO-ACTIVE LONGITUDES IN THE SUN AND STARS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, KRIVODUBSKIJ Valery
Published: November 2024

An overview of studies of long-term increased magnetic activity in two discrete longitudinal intervals observed on the Sun and on the surface of stars of certain types is reviewed. Active longitudes on the Sun were first discovered at the end of the 19th century. Today, as a result of statistical analysis of data observed for more than a century, it has been established that there are two active longitudinal sectors on the solar surface, shifted by approximately 180° relative to each other, which can stably maintain the phase coherence of activity for a long time. At each given moment of time, one of the two longitude intervals are more active (dominant). The occasionally observed “flip-flop” phenomenon, the essence of which consists in a sudden rapid switching of the specified dominance between two active longitudes, is highlighted. The detected phenomenon is regularly repeated, which indicates the existence of stellar magnetic flip-flop cycles. At the same time, solar-type cycles are also characteristic of young analogues of the Sun. On the other hand, based on the study of the evolution of the spot area, a magnetic flip-flop cycle with a duration of about 3.7 years was also detected on the Sun. It is relevant that the ratio of the periods of both types of cycles for young dwarfs and the Sun is the same: the flip-flop cycle is approximately 3–4 times shorter than the cycle of the solar type. That is, the structure and evolution of active longitudes on the Sun is similar to the observed active longitudes on the surface of cold stars that rotate quickly and have outer convective shells. Mechanisms of excitation of magnetically active longitudes proposed by the researchers were analyzed. Dynamo-excitation models of axially asymmetric magnetic harmonics look promising. Our calculations showed that the αΩ-dynamo models with the involvement of helioseismological data on the internal rotation of the Sun ensure the coexistence of dipole and quadrupole harmonics of the global magnetic field, which are necessary for the reproduction of selected longitudinal sectors of increased magnetic activity.
YEŞİL MUHASEBENİN MUHASEBE MESLEK MENSUPLARININ ÇEVRESEL SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK ALGILARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Özbek Ali
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı muhasebenin bir alanı olarak kabul edilen yeşil muhasebenin, muhasebe meslek mensuplarının örgütsel sürdürülebilirliğin boyutlarından birisi olan çevresel sürdürülebilirlik algıları üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesini ve değerlendirilmesini sağlamaktır. Bu amaçla muhasebe meslek mensuplarının yeşil muhasebe ve çevresel sürdürülebilirlikle ilgili algılarını ölçmek maksadıyla nicel yöntemlerden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışmada veriler anket yöntemiyle toplanmış ve ampirik yöntemler kullanılarak SPSS 23.0 paket programında analizlerin yapılması sağlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda işletmelerin kaynak kullanımlarının ekosistem üzerinde meydana getirebilecek faaliyetlerinin tespit edilmesinde önemli bir husus olan yeşil muhasebenin, muhasebe meslek mensupları açısından çevresel sürdürülebilirlik algıları üzerinde (β:0,536; p
Obesity and Depression in Children and Adolescents: the Problem of Comorbidity and Prevention
Authors: Flitman E.D. , Yakubova L.N. , Kholmogorova A.B. , Vasyukova O.V.
Published: November 2024

The relevance: currently, scientists talk about the epidemic of obesity among children and adolescents, which is associated with significant risks and deterioration of mental and physical health of the young generation. Objective: to study association between depression and obesity in children and adolescents. The paper presents a literature review of the widely discussed problem of the relationship between depression and obesity, as well as the results of our own empirical study obtained on a sample of patients from the Center for Treatment and Prevention of Metabolic Diseases and Obesity, FGBU «National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia. Sample. The study involved respondents aged 7 to 17 years (M=12,5, SD=2,5), a total of 153 people with SDS BMI from 1,2 to 4,2 (M=2,8, SD=0,5), of which 52% were female and 48% were male. The study included a diagnostic interview with the child and parents, each child was asked to fill out the Children's Depression Inventory (Maria Kovacs 1992). The results suggest a high level of comorbidity of obesity and depressive symptoms among children and adolescents ¾ 52% of girls and 27% of boys who participated in the study have symptoms of depression of varying degrees of severity. Also, more severe forms of obesity were recorded in boys compared to girls at the initial application for specialized care, which indirectly indicates a greater concern for health and appearance on the part of girls and their families. The overwhelming majority of parents of children note unhealthy eating habits, low physical activity and sleep disorders in their children. It is concluded that it is necessary to raise awareness of children, parents, teachers and child specialists of different profiles about the relationship between depressive symptoms and obesity, as well as the importance of appropriate diagnosis and the development of comprehensive treatment and prevention programs for both obesity and depression.
Dynamics of Illness Perception and Self-Regulation in Patients with Morbid Obesity Three Months after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Yaltonsky V.M. , Abrosimov I.N. , Sirota N.A. , Yaltonskaya A.V. , Panchenkova M.D.
Published: November 2024

Background. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions throughout the world. Bariatric surgery (hereinafter - BS) is most effective in the treatment of morbid obesity (hereinafter - MO), however, it does not lead to the same results in all patients, since psychological factors play an important role in the outcome of treatment. The gap in scientific knowledge is the underestimation of the patient’s role in the treatment process, the lack of information about how he perceives medical treatment and manages the disease, how ideas about the disease change over time after surgery. Aim of the work: study of the dynamics of ideas about the disease and related parameters of self-regulation of the disease in patients with MO before surgery and three months after BS. Materials and methods. Sixty-three patients with MO were examined using a specially selected package of methods before BS and three months after it. The following methods were used in the study: brief illness perception questionnaire; Hospital anxiety and depression scale; Ways of coping questionnaire; Medication adherence report scale; Scales of psychological well-being. Results. Compared with the preoperative stage, three months after BS, patients perceived MO as a less life-threatening disease that has fewer negative consequences for their health and emotional well-being. Their controllability of the disease and the likelihood of curability of obesity after BS have increased. Conclusions. Three months after the operation, positive dynamics in the perception of MO and related parameters of self-regulation were revealed. The knowledge gained can be widely used in medical practice as targets for psychological interventions.
Personality Traits and Self-Attitudes of Persons with Psychogenic Overeating
Authors: Fomicheva M.V. , Karavaeva T.A.
Published: November 2024

Background. According to the World Health Organization, in 2023, excess weight was observed in 2,5 billion adults aged 18 and older. Individuals with obesity suffer from chronic somatic diseases, face social isolation. Understanding the psychological and social factors behind weight gain allows us to develop effective programs to prevent obesity and help people lose weight. Objective. The aim of this study is to analyze the analysis of personality traits and self-attitudes in individuals with excess body mass. Hypothesis. Individuals with psychogenic overeating have an increased level of neuroticism, perfectionism and internal conflict, as well as reduced self-acceptance. Materials and methods. 101 people with eating disorders were examined. All respondents were divided into three groups according to the criterion of body mass index (BMI): 1 group - 33 people with pre-obesity and obesity of the first degree, average age 40±13 years; 2 group - 20 people with second degree obesity, average age 35±12 years; group 3 - 48 people with third degree obesity, average age 44±10 years. The socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents and medical documentation data were studied. Psychological testing was conducted using: the KON-2006 Neurotic Personality Questionnaire to assess neurotic personality traits, the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), a questionnaire to study self-esteem. Results. Analysis of the study results showed a high level of neuroticism for individuals with different BMIs in all groups, the violation of self-attitude is primarily associated with the perception of one's appearance, perfectionism is not a personal feature associated with psychogenic overeating. Low self-esteem of external data is combined in them with narcissism and a positive assessment of their personal characteristics. Conclusions. The results obtained can be used to develop and improve the effectiveness of psychological weight correction programs for psychogenic overeating, based on taking into account the personal factors of obesity.
Interpersonal Sensitivity, Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation and Body Shame in Adolescent Girls with Eating Disorders
Authors: Polskaya N.A. , Yakubovskaya D.K. , Razvaliaeva A.Y. , Vlasova M.V.
Published: November 2024

Study relevance. Recent years have been marked by the rising frequency of eating disorders (EDs) and the growing popularity of various weight control behaviors in adolescents. Although numerous studies have shown that interpersonal functioning is impaired in people with EDs, personal traits reinforcing these impairments have not been studied enough. Objective. The study focused on the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity, fear of negative appearance evaluation, body shame and weight control behaviors in clinical (n=54) and community (n=54) samples of adolescent girls (aged 13—17). Method. The participants filled out a survey and 3 measures in person. The measures included Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure (Boyce, Parker, 1989; Razvaliaeva, Polskaya, 2021), Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation scale (Lundgren et al., 2004; Razvaliaeva, Polskaya, 2020), and Phenomenological Body Shame Scale-Revised (Siegel et al., 2021). Results. Girls with EDs reported food restrictions, purging, body measurements and multiple weight control behaviors, whereas girls from the community sample reported engaging in sports as a weight control behavior. Fear of negative appearance evaluation, body shame and interpersonal sensitivity score significantly higher in girls with EDs; the first 2 traits are also related to numerous weight control behaviors. Conclusion. The study was the first to show that interpersonal sensitivity, fear of negative appearance evaluation and body shame were more pronounced in Russian-speaking adolescent girls with EDs, especially in girls with numerous weight control behaviors.
Psychotherapeutic Potential of Psychoeducation in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Palin A.V.
Published: November 2024

Relevance. Having arisen in routine psychiatric practice to help a patient with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs), and then his relatives, in building understanding of the illness and ways of coping with it, psychoeducation not only approved the status of a stand-alone method of therapy, but also proved its effectiveness and expediency of use. Gradually, sдeveral models of psychoeducation emerged: informational, supportive, motivational, and a model of teaching skills to cope with illness. The aim. The article contains descriptions of these models, examples of programs and data on their effectiveness. Results. Psychoeducation in modern conditions has become a mandatory element of extensive treatment and rehabilitation programs for patients with SSDs; it is combined with other types of psychotherapeutic interventions, equipped with new and unexpected practices, and is actively developing. Conclusion. The article substantiates the conclusion that improving and developing program options and increasing their accessibility largely determines the effectiveness of mental health services and provides a personalized approach to patients with SSDs.
Study of Well-Being and Assertiveness Variables among Young People
Authors: Gevorgyan S.R. , Hakobyan N.R. , Kazanchian L.A. , Khachatryan A.G.
Published: November 2024

Relevance. In the context of the rapid development of modern urban society, the issues of studying psychological well–being are becoming increasingly in demand. Of greatest interest is the problem of psychological well–being among young people who are just starting their professional careers. An important research component on this problem is assertiveness, which manifests as a certain interconnection with the individual’s psychological well–being. Goal. This study aims to estimate the well–being and assertiveness variables among young people. The study sample (N = 627) consists of young men and women aged 18–34. The study was conducted in Yerevan and some regions of Armenia. Methods. The study includes an assessment of well–being and assertiveness in the groups of employed and unemployed young men and women. We use the BBC Well–Being Scale, Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAS) and Sheinov Assertiveness Questionnaire. Results. The high scores (0,624*) on the psychological well–being variable are positively correlated (p<0,001) with young people’s assertive behavior. The study results showed that there is no statistically significant difference in the variables of gender, employment, and education. The Χ² test yielded p values ​​of 0,995 for the gender and education variables, and p values ​​of 0,996 for the employment and education variables. The study results open new opportunities for discussion of the issue from the perspective of the person’s educational attainment. Further discussions may deal with young people’s capacity to analyze situations creatively, find relevant means to achieve goals and manage their behavior. Conclusion. In the groups of young men and women, the variables of relationships, psychological well–being, and assertiveness positively correlated. This conclusion can be investigated in future studies to elicit the factors of young people's psychological readiness for a changeable labor market and to investigate the characteristics of perception of psychological well–being.
Phenomenology of traumatic stress of «normotypical» parents and post-traumatic symptomsctivity
Authors: Tikhonova I.V.
Published: November 2024

Aim. The present study explored the subjective picture of traumatic events in parenting life. The study examined its characteristics during different periods of the child's life and investigated the likelihood and content of parental post-traumatic stress (PTS). Materials and Methods. The research sample consisted of 89 participants. All participants had one to four children over the age of 20. The average age of the participants was 49,56 years (SD=6,8). A semi-structured interview method developed by the author was used. This method allowed for a retrospective examination of traumatic stress events in parenting life. Techniques such as «Lifeline», scaling, and «stress thermometer» were included. The scale for assessing the impact of traumatic events (D. S. Weiss, C. R. Marmar, and T. J. Metzler, adapted by N.V. Tarabrina) was also utilized. Results and Conclusions. A typology of traumatic stressors in parenting life was proposed, and their phenomenology was described. The majority of stressors were associated with threats to the health or life of the child at an early age. In the preschool and adolescent periods of the child's development, behavioral and emotional problems of the children become traumatic stressors for parents. Emotional disorders, particularly anxiety, predominated in the manifestations of traumatic stress in parents. Some parents who reported traumatic events (n=56) indicated the presence of PTS symptoms. 19% of parents noted a high intensity of these symptoms, experiencing physiological arousal and hyper-vigilance.
The effect of the stress state on the deformability of an aluminum matrix composite with 10 vol% SiC particle filler
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vichuzhanin D. I. , Smirnov S. V. ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pugacheva N. B. ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nesterenko A. V. ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Polyakov P. A. ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

The effect of the stress state on the deformability of an aluminum matrix composite with 10 vol% of SiC particles is studied by using the damage criterion. Backward extrusion of a standard cup-shaped part is used as an example. The process is simulated by the finite element method to evaluate the stress-strain state and damage. It has been found that, in order to make a high-quality product, it is necessary to carry out extrusion under all-round compression at near-solidus temperatures. A laboratory die was designed and manufactured for the experimental verification of the simulation results. The die is peculiar in that the value of compressive stresses can be controlled during deformation. The extrusion process yields a defect-free product. It has been revealed that heating to near-solidus temperature breaks the initial cellular structure of the composite under external loading.