bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-bonded force field model with advanced restrained electrostatic potential charges (RESP2)
Authors: Schauperl Michael , Nerenberg Paul S. , Jang Hyesu , Wang Lee-Ping , Bayly Christopher I. , Mobley David L. , Gilson Michael K.
Published: April 2020

The restrained electrostatic potential (RESP) approach is a highly regarded and widely used method of assigning partial charges to molecules for simulations. RESP uses a quantum-mechanical method that yields fortuitous overpolarization and thereby accounts only approximately for self-polarization of molecules in the condensed phase. Here we present RESP2, a next generation of this approach, where the polarity of the charges is tuned by a parameter, δ, which scales the contributions from gas- and aqueous-phase calculations. When the complete non-bonded force field model, including Lennard-Jones parameters, is optimized to liquid properties, improved accuracy is achieved, even with this reduced set of five Lennard-Jones types. We argue that RESP2 withδ ≈ 0.6 (60% aqueous, 40% gas-phase charges) is an accurate and robust method of generating partial charges, and that a small set of Lennard-Jones types is a good starting point for a systematic re-optimization of this important non-bonded term.
Absence of superconductivity in bulk Nd1−xSrxNiO2
Authors: Li Qing , He Chengping , Si Jin , Zhu Xiyu , Zhang Yue , Wen Hai-Hu
Published: April 2020

Superconductivity at 9–15 K was recently discovered in Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 films. Since the Ni1+ ionic state in NdNiO2 may have the same 3d9 outer-shell electronic orbital as in cuprate superconductors, it is interesting to know whether superconductivity has a similar mechanism in these two systems. Here we synthesize bulk samples of Nd1−xSrxNiO2 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4) with inhomogeneous Sr distribution and Ni deficiency. Resistivity measurements show insulating behavior without the presence of superconductivity, different to the previously reported films. Although applying pressure up to about 50.2 GPa significantly suppresses the insulating behavior, superconductivity remains absent. The magnetization behavior exhibits a Curie–Weiss law with a paramagnetic moment of about 2 μB/f.u. Since the lattice constants derived from our diffraction data are very close to the previously reported superconducting Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 films, we suggest that superconductivity in that system may have arisen from interface or stress-related effects, or nickel deficiency in our bulk samples that might prevent the emergence of superconductivity.
A bioartificial liver support system integrated with a DLM/GelMA-based bioengineered whole liver for prevention of hepatic encephalopathy via enhanced ammonia reduction
Authors: Wu Guohua , Wu Di , Lo James , Wang Yimin , Wu Jianguo , Lu Siming , Xu Han , Zhao Xin , He Yong , Li Jun , Demirci Utkan , Wang Shuqi
Published: April 2020

The developed bioartificial liver support system integrated with the decellularized liver matrix/GelMA-based bioengineered whole liver can potentially help elevate liver functions and prevent hepatic encephalopathy via enhanced ammonia reduction.
Real-time ab initio simulation of inelastic electron scattering using the exact, density functional, and alternative approaches
Authors: Lee Yeonghun , Yao Xiaolong , Fischetti Massimo V. , Cho Kyeongjae
Published: April 2020

Inelastic electron scattering phenomena in chemical/physical/materials interests: electron radiation damage in materials; DNA damaged by electron scattering; electron therapy; electron microscope; electron-beam-induced deposition for nanofabrication.
Structure elucidation and construction of isomerisation pathways in small to moderate-sized (6–27) MgO nanoclusters: an adaptive mutation simulated annealing based analysis with quantum chemical calculations
Authors: Ghosh Kuntal , Sharma Rahul , Chaudhury Pinaki
Published: April 2020

Transformation pathway for a multi-step reaction using ASA.
From a blue to white to yellow emitter: a hexanuclear copper iodide nanocluster
Authors: Xu Ke , Chen Bu-Lin , Zhang Rui , Liu Li , Zhong Xin-Xin , Wang Lei , Li Feng-Yan , Li Guang-Hua , Alamry Khalid A. , Li Fa-Bao , Wong Wai-Yeung , Qin Hai-Mei
Published: April 2020

Emission colors can be largely tuned from blue to white to yellow, by changing the solid state from crystal to powder to film.
Atomically dispersed palladium-based catalysts obtained via constructing a spatial structure with high performance for lean methane combustion
Authors: Duan Qiuyan , Zhang Chenghua , Sun Song , Pan Yang , Zhou Xiong , Liu Yang , Chen Kun , Li Cunshuo , Wang Xianzhou , Li Wenzhi
Published: April 2020

We demonstrate a facile method to prepare atom-dispersed palladium catalysts with excellent catalytic activity and stability for lean methane combustion.
A high-throughput targeted metabolomics method for the quantification of 104 non-polar metabolites in cholesterol, eicosanoid, and phospholipid metabolism: application in the study of a CCl4-induced liver injury mouse model
Authors: Jia Mengqi , Peng Zhangxiao , Yang Kaige , Su Changqing , Wang Yan , Yan Chao
Published: April 2020

Experimental workflow of 104 non-polar metabolites in cholesterol, eicosanoid, and phospholipid metabolisms analysis using UPLC-QqQ-MS.
Liquid–liquid microextraction of glyphosate, glufosinate and aminomethylphosphonic acid for the analysis of agricultural samples by liquid chromatography
Authors: Marín Javier , Campillo Natalia , Hernández-Córdoba Manuel , Garrido Isabel , Fenoll José , Viñas Pilar
Published: April 2020

An ion-pair liquid–liquid microextraction procedure followed by LC tandem mass spectrometry allows a reliable and sensitive determination glyphosate, glufosinate y aminomethylphosphonic acid in agricultural samples.
All solid state electrochromic devices based on the LiF electrolyte
Authors: Chen Xi , Dou Shuliang , Li Wenjie , Liu Dongqi , Zhang Yongfu , Zhao Yingming , Li Yao , Zhao Jiupeng , Zhang Xiang
Published: April 2020

A high performance ECD with a structure of glass/ITO/WO3/LiF/NiO/ITO has been prepared by electron beam and resistance evaporation methods.
One-pot synthesis of β-cyclodextrin modified Au nanoclusters with near-infrared emission
Authors: Li Wenjing , Wang Xi , Jiang Tao , Ma Xiang , Tian He
Published: April 2020

β-Cyclodextrin modified gold nanoclusters with near-infrared emission were facilely and successfully prepared based on a one-pot and green supramolecular macrocycle modification strategy.
Micro-flow synthesis of β-amino acid derivatives via a rapid dual activation approach
Authors: Sugisawa Naoto , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Fuse Shinichiro
Published: April 2020

Rapid dual activation (≤3.3 s) of both β-amino acid N-carboxy anhydride and alkyl chloroformate for the synthesis of a β-amino acid-derived scaffold was demonstrated.
Inelastic rate coefficients based on an improved potential energy surface for N2 + N2 collisions in a wide temperature range
Authors: Hong Qizhen , Sun Quanhua , Bartolomei Massimiliano , Pirani Fernando , Coletti Cecilia
Published: April 2020

Vibration-to-translation and vibration-to-vibration rate coefficients for N2–N2 inelastic scattering are calculated on an improved potential including high temperature regimes.
An investigation of the positive effects of doping an Al atom on the adsorption of CO2 on BN nanosheets: a DFT study
Authors: Wang Guanya , Zheng Kai , Huang Yexiong , Yu Jiabing , Wu Huan , Chen Xianping , Tao Lu-Qi
Published: April 2020

Replacing a boron atom with an aluminum one increases the adsorption capacity of BN nanosheets for CO2 molecules, falling in an ideal energy range.
Enhanced oxygen evolution catalysis by aluminium-doped cobalt phosphide through in situ surface area increase
Authors: Rosser Timothy E. , Sousa Juliana P. S. , Ziouani Yasmine , Bondarchuk Oleksandr , Petrovykh Dmitri Y. , Wei Xian-Kui , Humphrey Jo J. L. , Heggen Marc , Kolen'ko Yury V. , Wain Andrew J.
Published: April 2020

Al-doping of cobalt phosphide oxygen evolution catalysts results in enhanced performance which, based on in situ and operando analysis, is shown to result from a surface area increase associated with modified oxidation behaviour.
Structure, stability and electronic properties of one-dimensional tetrathia- and tetraselena[8]circulene-based materials: a comparative DFT study
Authors: Karaush-Karmazin Nataliya N. , Kuklin Artem V. , Baryshnikov Gleb V. , Begunovich Lyudmila V. , Ågren Hans , Minaev Boris F.
Published: April 2020

Computations reveal how the electronic and optical properties can be controlled in nanostructures.
Independent tuning of bright and dark meta-atoms with phase change materials on EIT metasurfaces
Authors: Li Ce , Zhu Wei , Liu Zhe , Pan Ruhao , Hu Sha , Du Shuo , Li Junjie , Gu Changzhi
Published: April 2020

EIT metasurfaces with GST strips combined with bright and dark meta-atoms exhibit two different active modulation effects on transparent windows.
Transport and programmed release of nanoscale cargo from cells by using NETosis
Authors: Meyer Daniel , Telele Saba , Zelená Anna , Gillen Alice J. , Antonucci Alessandra , Neubert Elsa , Nißler Robert , Mann Florian A. , Erpenbeck Luise , Boghossian Ardemis A. , Köster Sarah , Kruss Sebastian
Published: April 2020

Immune cells take up nanoscale materials and can be programmed to release it again, which has important implications for understanding cellular functions, biocompatibility as well as biomedical applications.
Synthesis of conjugated polymers via cyclopentannulation reaction: promising materials for iodine adsorption
Authors: Baig Noorullah , Shetty Suchetha , Al-Mousawi Saleh , Alameddine Bassam
Published: April 2020

A new class of conjugated polymers is prepared by means of a versatile palladium-catalyzed cyclopentannulation reaction using a series of specially designed diethynyl aryl synthons with the commercially available 9,10-dibromoanthracene DBA monomer.
Total synthesis of tumor-associated KH-1 antigen core nonasaccharideviaphoto-induced glycosylation
Authors: Li Bo-Han , Yao Wenlong , Yang Hong , Wu Congying , Xiong De-Cai , Yin Yuxin , Ye Xin-Shan
Published: April 2020

KH-1 antigen core nonasaccharide was efficiently assembled by photo-induced glycosylation.
Hierarchical assembly of ZnO nanowire trunks decorated with ZnO nanosheets for lithium ion battery anodes
Authors: Kim Dongheun , Shin Sun Hae Ra , Kim Yeonhoo , Crossley Kenneth , Kim Yerim , Han Hyungkyu , Yoo Jinkyoung
Published: April 2020

Hierarchical architectures composed of nanomaterials in different forms are essential to improve the performance of lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes.
Robust hydrophobic gold, glass and polypropylene surfaces obtained through a nanometric covalently bound organic layer
Authors: Mattiuzzi Alice , Troian-Gautier Ludovic , Mertens Jérémy , Reniers François , Bergamini Jean-François , Lenne Quentin , Lagrost Corinne , Jabin Ivan
Published: April 2020

The grafting of a polyfluorinated calix[4]arene-tetradiazonium derivative on various surfaces led to the formation of very robust and stable hydrophobic monolayers.
Substrate-controlled selectivity switch in a three-component reaction: sequential synthesis of spiro-oxazolidinedione-cyclopentenones and hydroxy enaminobarbiturates in water
Authors: Teimouri Mohammad Bagher , Heydari Mahdi , Mohammadi Kazem
Published: April 2020

Spiro-oxazolidinedione-cyclopentenones and hydroxy enaminobarbiturates could be selectively formed from amines, β-dicarbonyl compounds and alloxan derivatives under catalyst-free conditions in water.
Unraveling the role of bonding chemistry in connecting electronic and thermal transport by machine learning
Authors: Juneja Rinkle , Singh Abhishek K.
Published: April 2020

Electronic and thermal transport in materials originate from various forms of electron and ion interactions.
Tumor microenvironment-responsive polydopamine-based core/shell nanoplatform for synergetic theranostics
Authors: Chen Qian , Shan Xueru , Shi Suqing , Jiang Chunzhu , Li Tinghua , Wei Shanshan , Zhang Xinyu , Sun Guoying , Liu Jianhua
Published: April 2020

A tannic acid–Fe3+ networks-functionalized polydopamine-based composite nanoparticle was constructed and demonstrated the promising application for T1/T2-weighted MR imaging-guided synergistic treatment of PTT and reductant/photothermal-enhanced CDT.
Directional derivative‐based method for quasi‐stationary voltage support analysis of single‐infeed VSC‐HVDC units
Authors: Perilla Arcadio , Rueda Torres Jose Luis , Rakhshani Elyas , Irnawan Roni , Faria da Silva Filipe , van der Meijden Mart , Bak Claus Leth , Alefragkis Alex , Lindefelt Anna
Published: April 2020

This study presents an investigation of the impact of the quasi‐stationary voltage support provided by a voltage source converter (VSC) connected to a single point of a power system. Based on the directional derivative concept, an analytical method is developed to quantify the sensitivities of the AC bus voltage with respect to the VSC reactive power control modes. Based on a real case study, it is shown that the method applies to VSC units that are part of VSC‐HVDC systems, which can operate in a point‐to‐point or multi‐terminal configuration. Time‐domain simulations are performed to verify the findings from the application of the analytical method on a reduced size power system.
Self-gravitating barotropic equilibrium configurations of rotating bodies with smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Authors: García-Senz D. , Cabezón R. M. , Blanco-Iglesias J. M. , Lorén-Aguilar P.
Published: April 2020

Context. Self-gravitational rotating bodies do not have spherically symmetric geometries. The study of physical events appearing in fast-spinning compact stars and accretion disks, for example those due to localized thermonuclear ignitions in white dwarfs or to the role played by hydrodynamic instabilities in stars and disks, often requires 3D simulations. When the numerical simulations are carried out with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique a critical point arises as to how to build a stable initial model with rotation because there is no well-established method for that purpose.

Aims. We want to provide a portable, easy-to-implement methodology for SPH simulations to procedurally generate physically sound, stable initial conditions for rotating bodies.

Methods. We explain and validate an easy and versatile novel relaxation method to obtain 3D equilibrium configurations of rotating bodies with SPH. As detailed below, this method is able to relax barotropic, P(ρ), structures either in rigid or differential rotation. The relaxation procedure strongly relies on the excellent conservation of angular momentum that characterizes the SPH technique.

Results. We applied our proposal to obtain stable rotating structures of single white dwarfs, compact binaries harboring two white dwarfs, high-density stars approached as polytropes and accretion disks either in rigid or differential rotation.

Conclusions. We present a novel relaxation method to build 3D rotating structures of barotropic bodies using the SPH technique. The method has been successfully applied to a variety of zero-temperature white dwarfs and polytropic self-gravitating structures. Our SPH results have been validated by comparing the main features (energies, central densities, and the polar-to-equatorial radius ratio) to those obtained with independent grid-based methods, for example, the self-consistent field method, showing that both methods agree within a few percent.
Hydrogen non-equilibrium ionisation effects in coronal mass ejections
Authors: Pagano P. , Bemporad A. , Mackay D. H.
Published: April 2020

Context. A new generation of coronagraphs used to study solar wind and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are being developed and launched. These coronagraphs will heavily rely on multi-channel observations where visible light (VL) and UV-EUV (ultraviolet-extreme ultraviolet) observations provide new plasma diagnostics. One of these instruments, Metis on board ESA-Solar Orbiter, will simultaneously observe VL and the UV Lyman-α line. The number of neutral hydrogen atoms (a small fraction of coronal protons) is a key parameter for deriving plasma properties, such as the temperature from the observed Lyman-α line intensity. However, these measurements are significantly affected if non-equilibrium ionisation effects occur, which can be relevant during CMEs.

Aims. The aim of this work is to determine if non-equilibrium ionisation effects are relevant in CMEs and, in particular, when and in which regions of the CME plasma ionisation equilibrium can be assumed for data analysis.

Methods. We used a magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of a magnetic flux rope ejection to generate a CME. From this, we then reconstructed the ionisation state of hydrogen atoms in the CME by evaluating both the advection of neutral and ionised hydrogen atoms and the ionisation and recombination rates in the MHD simulation.

Results. We find that the equilibrium ionisation assumption mostly holds in the core of the CME, which is represented by a magnetic flux rope. In contrast, non-equilibrium ionisation effects are significant at the CME front, where we find about 100 times more neutral hydrogen atoms than prescribed by ionisation equilibrium conditions. We find this to be the case even if this neutral hydrogen excess might be difficult to identify due to projection effects.

Conclusions. This work provides key information for the development of a new generation of diagnostic techniques that aim to combine visible light and Lyman-α line emissions. The results show that non-equilibrium ionisation effects need to be considered when we analyse CME fronts. Incorrectly assuming equilibrium ionisation in these regions would lead to a systematic underestimate of plasma temperatures.
Performance of a large partial-depth guide wall to divert downstream migrating Atlantic salmon smolts at Tuilières dam, Dordogne River
Authors: Larinier Michel , Dumond Lionel , Lagarrigue Thierry , Frey Aurélien , Travade François
Published: April 2020

From 2010 to 2016, an evaluation of the performance of a partial-depth guide wall associated with three surface bypasses to ensure the safe downstream migration of Atlantic salmon smolts was conducted at the Tuilières power plant on the Dordogne River in southwestern France. The objectives of this study, during which 603 smolts were monitored using radio telemetry, were (i) to determine their escapement rate (passage through routes other than turbines), (ii) to analyse their behaviour faced with the structure and (iii) to assess the permeability of the guide wall as a function of turbine and spilling flows. The rate of escapement through the surface bypass routes varied from approximately 15% to 85%. The turbine flow was the main factor influencing the guide wall efficiency. The contribution of secondary bypasses, while significant for low flows, decreased rapidly with the increase in turbine flows. The vast majority of fish arrived on the two downstream bays of the wall or directly in the area of the main bypass, with the guiding effect of the guide wall becoming less noticeable with the increase of turbine flow. A modification of the depth of the guide wall in 2014 slightly improved its efficiency (by 5–10%) for low turbine flows. Logistic regression models were used to describe the evolution of the efficiency of the facilty as a function of the turbine flow and the probability of direct passage under a bay as a function of average velocity under this bay.
A Comparative Study on New Product Development Projects: Supplier-client Partnerships in Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Hashe Vuyo T
Published: April 2020

This paper was to investigate, explore and gain an understanding of the factors that enable and support supplier-client collaboration in New Product Development Projects (NPDP) within the South African manufacturing industry. This study was based on two case studies where two NPDP within South African on two different firms were studied. The predominant focus of this report studied the supplier involvement and relationship factors, supplier selection factors, and cultural environment and collaboration factors. The main data used was collected via interviews and internal company documents. The collected data was then analyzed and the outcome provided insight into the factors and relationship between these factors. This study noted that firms can enter into collaboration to accelerate the product development process. This includes enhancing the ability of the firm to respond to key customer needs. Firms can make use of the collaboration advantage where they see a market opportunity where their teams have less to no expertise and skills required to capture the opportunity. In addition, research and development costs stand to be reduced significantly, where the collaboration partner is chosen effectively. This study concludes by seeing it as beneficial to firms to collaborate with their suppliers under proper management.
Relationship Investigation of Organizational Agility Characteristics and Portfolio Management Maturity
Authors: Hadjinicolaou Nick , Dumrak Jantanee , Mostafa Sherif
Published: April 2020

Today’s organizations operate within rapid changes in economy and market conditions. Organizational agility (OA) provides organizations with the ability to adapt rapidly to internal and external changes productively and cost-effectively. Furthermore, the adaptive ability and real-time responsiveness of organizations are generally necessitated for projects and portfolios to reach maturity. While the characteristics of OA and portfolio management maturity (PfMM) have been studied in the existing literature, the relationships between these two variables have not been fully explored. This study employs canonical correlation analysis (CCA) not only to investigate relationships among the characteristics of OA and PfMM but also to present the status quo of the studied variables from Australian perspectives. The results of the analysis are graphically presented to identify the formation of each OA characteristics at different levels of PfMM. The research data was collected from 36 respondents in public and private Australian sectors. The research findings show diverse combinations of the OA characteristics constructed at different levels of PfMM. The results also identify specific OA characteristics that highly contribute to the highest level of PfMM. This allows organizations with limited resources to precisely concentrate on the characteristics that will improve performance and achieve PfMM.
Sustainability in Project Management Practice
Authors: Aghaegbuna Ozumba , Tasmiyah Chothia , Zanoxolo Booi , Nikiwe Madonsela
Published: April 2020

The study focused on the application of sustainability in project management, with reference to attendant difficulties experienced, which affect the goal of achieving sustainability outcomes in project management. As such the study explored the nature and occurrence of challenges to the integration of sustainability principles with PM practice. A review of purposively sampled literature was complemented with fieldwork, which involved an online questionnaire with eighty-nine participants, to collect qualitative data, using South Africa as context. The major limitation was the purposive use of professional project managers as a sample population. The findings reveal that project managers experience significant challenges when implementing sustainability in their practice. While confirming deductions from the literature review, findings suggest that the most significant challenge may be the lack of information among participants and other stakeholders. One major implication is that other identified difficulties may be traceable to the same lack of knowledge in the subject area. Identified consequences include delayed projects and complete abandonment of the sustainability principles in projects. The integration of sustainability principles with project management practice is a growing niche area of project management knowledge. The study contributes a unique exploration of nature and occurrence, and dynamics of attendant challenges, through a comparison of experience and perception. The comparison has highlighted the differences between the experience and perception of project managers, with reference to the application of sustainability principles.
A Study of the Impact of Project Managers’ Power and Influence on their Organisation’s Project Management Maturity
Authors: Ngonda Virginia Shahida , Jowah Larry E
Published: April 2020

Project managers are determinants of their organisations’ project management maturity as their competence is one of the factors that affect their organisations’ capability of an organisation to successfully execute projects. This capability of an organisation is reflected in its project management maturity. The study reported in this conference paper sought to investigate whether there is a correlation between South African project managers’ power and influence on their organisation’s project management maturity. This was done to determine if project managers have sufficient power to influence their organisation’s project management maturity. The paper reports on a nation-wide survey that collected data from self-identified project managers. It received three hundred and six valid responses which were edited, coded, and analysed descriptively and inferentially. The study found weak positive correlations between project managers’ power, project managers’ technical expertise and their organisations’ project management maturity. Thus, as project managers’ power and technical expertise increase, it is likely that their organisation’s project management maturity also increases. However, causation could not be established as it was not possible to establish the temporal order amongst the variables. The established correlations were too weak to be used for prediction.
Development of a Dynamic Model of Quality Performance in Thai Construction Industry
Authors: Chinda Thanwadee , Sittimak K , Thalaengkij N , Chaiyapong P , Sornpasit P , Ketnak W
Published: April 2020

Many quality performance tools are implemented in the construction industry to enhance the quality performance standard. This paper utilizes an ISO 9001 standard implementation to develop a dynamic model of construction quality performance in the Thai construction industry. The model consists of five sub-models, namely the Leadership, Plan, Do, Check, and Act sub-models. Five levels of performance maturity are also developed in this study to plan for long-term improvement. The simulation results reveal that a company takes seven years to proceed from level 1 to level 2 of maturity as it lacks experience and knowledge. With more experience, the company progresses through to higher maturity levels in a shorter period of time. The model achieves the perfect implementation score of 1,000 points at the end of year 23. This study results can be used to aid the construction industry in the effective planning for long-term quality improvement.
Modelling and Simulation of a Shearcut Process Flow at a Steel Processing Company
Authors: Swate Khelina , Muyengwa Goodwell , Mawane Yvonie N
Published: April 2020

Modelling and simulation of industrial systems have become a conventional method for productivity improvement through optimizing design, operation, performance and troubleshooting. This paper analyses the current Shearcut process flow through modelling and simulation. A case study research was undertaken at a steel processing company that transform steel coils into sheets, plates, slits, tubes, blanks and various roofing products. Two models were created using Arena software. The models were a representation of the process flow found in the Shearcut warehouse. The first model was developed from data obtained from production records and time studies that were carried out on some of the operations. Bottleneck stations and non-value adding operations were identified. The second model was created with some improvements that included reduced non-value adding times. Results from the second model had an improved output. This paper contributes to the use of computer simulation as a tool to improve productivity.
Productivity Improvement in a Vegetable Canning Manufacturing Facility
Authors: Malatji Thabiso , Muyengwa Goodwell
Published: April 2020

This paper investigates current productivity levels of baked beans in a fast manufacturing consumer goods (FMCG) company. The market demand for baked beans on average has increased by 14% year on year over the past two to three years. This growth was unexpected and was unplanned for, hence equipment was utilized to maximum capacity, at times ignoring maintenance issues. The outcome of this approach was a major concern of unplanned stoppages on the production line. The canning process has manual activities such as soaking and sorting. Blanching is semi¬automatic while filling and seaming are fully automated. The filling station was identified as the bottleneck station due to its slow speed (145 cans/minute) as compared to the seamer (200 cans/minute). The major objective of this study was to evaluate how the productivity of the canning process was achieved. Efforts were made to increase the output of soaking, sorting and blanching. This led to the reduced cycle time of the filler and the elimination of sources of contaminations. Industrial engineering tools such as autonomous maintenance, total productive maintenance, total quality management and some of the 20 keys were used to improve the plant’s production output. This paper contributes to the theory of productivity improvement and to industry practitioners it highlights challenges faced when improving productivity.
Future Preparedness and Futures Literacy Needs in Large Enterprises: A Regional Pilot Study
Authors: Nazarko Lukasz
Published: April 2020

Future preparedness in enterprises is seen as an important factor affecting their performance and long-term survival. Different organisations present various approaches to reflecting on alternative future visions of their businesses. They are also characterised by different styles of translating those reflections into action with the aim of achieving a desirable version of their future. The paper presents the results of research which aimed at exploring how large Polish, mostly industrial, enterprises reflect on their long-term future. It also attempts to answer the question on the need for fostering futures literacy in Polish business milieu. The research fills in the gap in the study of future orientation of the Polish enterprises and it may be a starting point for the more in-depth qualitative and quantitative investigations. The study has been carried out on a sample of large enterprises in Podlaskie Voivodship, Poland.
Unilateral versus bilateral endoscopic stenting in patients with unresectable malignant hilar obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aghaie Meybodi Mohamad , Shakoor Delaram , Nanavati Julie , Ichkhanian Yervant , Vosoughi Kia , Brewer Gutierrez Olaya I. , Kalloo Anthony N. , Singh Vikesh , Kumbhari Vivek , Ngamruengphong Saowanee , Khashab Mouen A.
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims Endoscopic stent placement is used for palliative management of unresectable malignant hilar obstruction, which could be achieved by either unilateral or bilateral stent insertion.

Materials and methods A literature search was performed to identify studies that reported outcomes of metallic biliary stent placement in patients with malignant hilar obstruction. Weighted pooled rates (WPR) along with 95 % confidence intervals (95 %CI) were calculated to determine and compare outcomes including technical and functional success, early and late adverse events, post procedure cholangitis, and stent occlusion between two groups.

Results A total of 21 studies with 1292 patients were included. WPR of technical success was significantly higher in the unilateral group (97 %, 95 %CI: 93 –98 %) vs. bilateral group (89 %, 95 %CI: 84 –92 %) (P = 0.0.003). WPR for functional success in the unilateral and bilateral groups were 96 % (95 %CI: 91 –98 %) and 94 % (95 %CI: 91 –97 %), respectively (P = 0.48). The rate of early and late complications was comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion In patients with unresectable malignant hilar obstruction, unilateral and bilateral metallic stenting techniques are comparable in terms of efficacy and safety.
Endocytoscopy with NBI has the potential to correctly diagnose diminutive colorectal polyps that are difficult to diagnose using conventional NBI
Authors: Kataoka Shinichi , Kudo Shin-ei , Misawa Masashi , Nakamura Hiroki , Takeda Kenichi , Toyoshima Naoya , Mori Yuichi , Ogata Noriyuki , Kudo Toyoki , Hisayuki Tomokazu , Hayashi Takemasa , Wakamura Kunihiko , Baba Toshiyuki , Ishida Fumio
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims Real-time diagnosis of colorectal polyps is needed to prevent unnecessary resection of benign polyps. The vessels in hyperplastic polyps sometimes mimic the characteristic meshed capillary network of neoplastic lesions on non-magnified narrow-band imaging (NBI). Endocytoscopy in conjunction with NBI (EC-NBI) enables more detailed vessel observation. The current study evaluated whether EC-NBI can accurately diagnose small colorectal lesions with visible vessels on non-magnified NBI.

Patients and methods This retrospective study was conducted from January to December 2016. During colonoscopy, lesion images were obtained using NBI and EC-NBI. On EC-NBI, lesions were classified as having “clear,” “unclear,” or “invisible” blood vessel margins. All specimens were resected and pathologically examined, and the association between vessel margin findings and pathological diagnosis was assessed. The lesion surface to vessel depth was measured in clear, unclear, and invisible lesions.

Results Among 114 adenomas, 108 were clear, while six were unclear. Among 36 hyperplastic polyps, eight were clear, while 28 were unclear. A micro-network (MN) pattern was seen in 106 of 114 adenomas, and four of 36 hyperplastic polyps. The sensitivity, specificity, correct diagnostic rate, and positive and negative predictive values of clear blood vessel margins or a MN pattern as an adenoma index were 98.2 %, 69.4 %, 91.3 %, 91.1 %, and 92.6 %, respectively. EC-NBI correctly diagnosed 69.4 % (25/36) of hyperplastic polyps. The lesion surface–blood vessel distance was greater in unclear versus clear lesions (P < 0.001), and invisible versus unclear lesions (P < 0.001).

Conclusions EC-NBI may effectively differentiate hyperplastic polyps with visible vessels from adenomas. Blood vessel depth affects visibility.
Bimodal ERCP, a new way of seeing things
Authors: Reuterwall Marcus , Waldthaler Alexander , Lubbe Jeanne , Kadesjö Nils , Pozzi Mucelli Raffaella , Del Chiaro Marco , Lohr Matthias , Arnelo Urban
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims Conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is hampered by two-dimensional visualization, post-procedural adverse events (AEs), and exposure to ionizing radiation. Bimodal ERCP might mitigate these challenges, but no reports of its use are available to date. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of bimodal ERCP, while investigating its potential clinical yield.

Patients and methods This was a retrospective observational study of patients that underwent bimodal ERCP in a single tertiary academic referral center. Thirteen patients undergoing conventional ERCP had a previously T2-weighted isotropic 3 D TSE MRCP sequence aligned and fused with the two-dimensional image generated from the fluoroscopy c-arm unit in real time.

Results Over a 2-month period, 13 patients with a mean age of 54 underwent bimodal ERCP for bile duct stricture (61.5 %), complex cholelithiasis (7.7 %) and ductal leakage (30.1 %). Bimodal ERCP was feasible in all 13 cases, and image quality was assessed as “good” in 11 patients (84.6 %). Bimodal ERCP aided in visualizing the lesion of interest (76.9 %), assisted in understanding the 3 D anatomy of the biliopancreatic ductal system (61.5 %), and aided in finding a favorable position for the c-arm (38.4 %) for subsequent therapeutic intervention.

Conclusions This first report on bimodal ERCP proves its feasibility and suggests that it may assist in increasing both the diagnostic and therapeutic yield of ERCP, while at the same time decreasing AEs during and after ERCP. Its main application might lie in treatment of complex intrahepatic disease.
EUS-guided 22-gauge fine needle biopsy versus single-incision with needle knife for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sanaei Omid , Fernández-Esparrach Glòria , De La Serna-Higuera Carlos , Carrara Silvia , Kumbhari Vivek , El Zein Mohamad H. , Ismail Amr , Ginès Angels , Sendino Oriol , Montenegro Andrea , Repici Alessandro , Rahal Daoud , Brewer Gutierrez Olaya I. , Moran Robert , Yang Juliana , Parsa Nasim , Paiji Christopher , Aghaie Meybodi Mohamad , Shin Eun Ji , Lennon Anne Marie , Kalloo Anthony N. , Singh Vikesh K. , Canto Marcia Irene , Khashab Mouen A.
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims EUS-FNA has suboptimal accuracy in diagnosing gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors (SETs). EUS-guided 22-gauge fine needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) and single-incision with needle knife (SINK) were proposed to increase accuracy of diagnosis. This study aimed to prospectively compare the diagnostic accuracy and safety of EUS-FNB with SINK in patients with upper gastrointestinal SETs.

Patients and methods All adult patients referred for EUS evaluation of upper gastrointestinal SETs ≥ 15 mm in size were eligible for inclusion. Patients were randomized to undergo EUS-FNB or SINK. Lesions were sampled with a 22-gauge reverse beveled core needle in the EUS-FNB group and by a conventional needle-knife sphincterotome and biopsy forceps in the SINK group. Patients were blinded to the technique used. The primary outcome was diagnostic accuracy. Secondary outcomes included adverse events, histological yield and procedure duration. Study enrollment was terminated early due to poor recruitment.

Results A total of 56 patients (31 male (55.37 %); mean age, 67.41 ± 12.70 years) were randomized to either EUS-FNB (n = 26) or SINK (n = 30). Technical success was 96.15 % and 96.66 %, respectively. The majority of lesions were gastrointestinal stromal tumors (51.78 %). No significant difference was found between EUS-FNB and SINK in terms of diagnostic accuracy for a malignant or benign disease (76 % vs. 89.28 %, respectively; P = 0.278). The rate of adverse events (none severe) was also comparable (7.69 % vs. 10 %, respectively; P = 1.0) including two abdominal pain episodes in the EUS-FNB group compared to two delayed bleeding (one requiring hospitalization and radiologic embolization) and 1 abdominal pain in the SINK group.

Conclusion EUS-FNB and SINK are equally effective techniques for upper gastrointestinal SETs sampling. SINK can be associated with mild to moderate delayed bleeding.
Clinical usefulness of the S-O clip during colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in difficult-to-access submucosal layer
Authors: Okamoto Yuki , Oka Shiro , Tanaka Shinji , Inagaki Katsuaki , Tanaka Hidenori , Matsumoto Kenta , Boda Kazuki , Yamashita Ken , Sumimoto Kyoku , Ninomiya Yuki , Chayama Kazuaki
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims In colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), the S-O clip improves the accessibility to the submucosal layer of the colon. However, its safety and usefulness in difficult colorectal ESDs are unclear. Thus, in this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of the S-O clip in colorectal ESD in the difficult-to-access submucosal layer.

Patients and methods From January 2016 to December 2016, 189 consecutive cases of colorectal ESD were performed at Hiroshima University Hospital before the S-O clip was introduced. Between January 2017 and June 2018, among 271 consecutive colorectal ESD cases, 41 cases were performed colorectal ESD using the S-O clip. We compared outcomes between the two groups (41 cases with S-O clip [use group] and 189 cases without S-O clip [non-use group]) using propensity score matching.

Results Prior to propensity score matching, 41 cases with the S-O clip (use group) and 189 cases without the S-O clip (non-use group) were extracted. The degree of submucosal fibrosis was more severe and the procedure time was longer in the use group than in the non-use group. In the use and non-use groups, en bloc resection (100 % vs. 94.7 %) and complete en bloc resection (100 % vs. 92.6 %) rates were satisfactory. After propensity score matching, 33 cases in each group were extracted. As a result, complete en bloc resection rate was significantly higher in the use group than in the non-use group (100 % vs. 84.9 %).

Conclusion The S-O clip is effective and can be used safely in colorectal ESD in the difficult-to-access submucosal layer.
Allan-Herndon-Dudley-Syndrome: Considerations about the Brain
Phenotype with Implications for Treatment Strategies
Authors: Krude Heiko , Biebermann Heike , Schuelke Markus , Müller Timo D. , Tschöp Matthias
Published: April 2020

Despite its first description more than 75 years ago, effective treatment for
“Allan-Herndon-Dudley-Syndrome (AHDS)”, an X-linked thyroid
hormone transporter defect, is unavailable. Mutations in the SLC16A2 gene
have been discovered to be causative for AHDS in 2004, but a comprehensive
understanding of the function of the encoded protein, monocarboxylate
transporter 8 (MCT8), is incomplete. Patients with AHDS suffer from
neurodevelopmental delay, as well as extrapyramidal (dystonia, chorea,
athetosis), pyramidal (spasticity), and cerebellar symptoms (ataxia). This
suggests an affection of the pyramidal tracts, basal ganglia, and
cerebellum, most likely already during fetal brain development. The
function of other brain areas relevant for mood, behavior, and vigilance seems
to be intact. An optimal treatment strategy should thus aim to deliver T3 to
these relevant structures at the correct time points during development. A
potential therapeutic strategy meeting these needs might be the delivery of T3
via a “Trojan horse mechanism” by which T3 is
delivered into target cells by a thyroid hormone transporter independent T3
internalization.
Clinical and Radiological Evaluation of Marginal Bone Loss around Dental Implants Restored with Zirconium vis-à-vis Porcelain Fused to Metal: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Wirring Udey Singh , Kalra Tarun , Kumar Manjit , Bansal Ajay , Javaid Aquib
Published: April 2020

Introduction Marginal bone level is the criterion for implant success. Patient expectations for more natural looking implant restorations created the need to restore implants with more esthetically pleasing materials like Zirconia rather than conventional porcelain-fused to-metal (PFM) crowns. The aim of this study was to evaluate marginal bone loss around dental implants clinically and radiographically when restored with Zirconia and PFM prosthesis.

Materials and Methods Two groups (control and test) were formed with 14 patients each. In the control group, the subjects were rehabilitated with PFM crowns and in the test group, the subjects were rehabilitated with Zirconia crowns. Rehabilitation was done after the healing period of 3 months. Radiographic evaluation was done at regular (baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month) intervals.

Results The results were statistically analyzed. Keeping in mind the limitations of the study, it was revealed that the difference in the crestal bone resorption in both the groups was not significant.
Biohybrid robot with skeletal muscle tissue covered with a collagen structure for moving in air
Authors: Morimoto Yuya , Onoe Hiroaki , Takeuchi Shoji
Published: April 2020

Biohybrid robots composed of biological and synthetic components have been introduced to reconstruct biological functions in mechanical systems and obtain better understanding of biological designs. For example, biohybrid robots powered by skeletal muscle tissue have already succeeded in performing various movements. However, it has been difficult for the conventional biohybrid robots to actuate in air, as the skeletal muscle tissue often dries out in air and is damaged. To overcome this limitation, we propose a biohybrid robot in which the skeletal muscle tissue is encapsulated in a collagen structure to maintain the required humidity conditions when operated in air. As the skeletal muscle tissue maintains high cell viability and contractility, even after encapsulation within the collagen structure, the biohybrid robot can move in air through contractions of the skeletal muscle tissue. To demonstrate the applicability of the developed biohybrid robot, we demonstrate its use in object manipulation. In addition, to prove its capability of functionality enhancement, we show that the biohybrid robot can actuate for a long term when perfusable tubes are set inside the collagen structure; it can actuate even while culturing cells on its surface. The developed biohybrid robot composed of skeletal muscle tissue and collagen structure can be employed within platforms used to replicate various motions of land animals.
Two-dimensional optical chimera states in an array of coupled waveguide resonators
Authors: Clerc M. G. , Coulibaly S. , Ferré M. A. , Tlidi M.
Published: April 2020

Two-dimensional arrays of coupled waveguides or coupled microcavities allow us to confine and manipulate light. Based on a paradigmatic envelope equation, we show that these devices, subject to a coherent optical injection, support coexistence between a coherent and incoherent emission. In this regime, we show that two-dimensional chimera states can be generated. Depending on initial conditions, the system exhibits a family of two-dimensional chimera states and interaction between them. We characterize these two-dimensional structures by computing their Lyapunov spectrum and Yorke–Kaplan dimension. Finally, we show that two-dimensional chimera states are of spatiotemporal chaotic nature.
Deep level defects and cation sublattice disorder in ZnGeN2
Authors: Haseman Micah S. , Karim Md Rezaul , Ramdin Daram , Noesges Brenton A. , Feinberg Ella , Jayatunga Benthara Hewage Dinushi , Lambrecht Walter R. L. , Zhu Menglin , Hwang Jinwoo , Kash Kathleen , Zhao Hongping , Brillson Leonard J.
Published: April 2020

III-nitrides have revolutionized lighting technology and power electronics. Expanding the nitride semiconductor family to include heterovalent ternary nitrides opens up new and exciting opportunities for device design that may help overcome some of the limitations of the binary nitrides. However, the more complex cation sublattice also gives rise to new interactions with both native point defects and defect complexes that can introduce disorder on the cation sublattice. Here, depth-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy and surface photovoltage spectroscopy measurements of defect energy levels in ZnGeN2 combined with transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction reveal optical signatures of mid-gap states that can be associated with cation sublattice disorder. The energies of these characteristic optical signatures in ZnGeN2 thin films grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition are in good agreement with multiple, closely spaced band-like defect levels predicted by density functional theory. We correlated spatially resolved optical and atomic composition measurements using spatially resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with systematically varied growth conditions on the same ZnGeN2 films. The resultant elemental maps vs defect spectral energies and intensities suggest that cation antisite complexes (ZnGe–GeZn) form preferentially vs isolated native point defects and introduce a mid-gap band of defect levels that dominate electron–hole pair recombination. Complexing of ZnGe and GeZn antisites manifests as disorder in the cation sub-lattice and leads to the formation of wurtzitic ZnGeN2 as indicated by transmission electron microscopy diffraction patterns and x-ray diffraction reciprocal space maps. These findings emphasize the importance of growth and processing conditions to control cation place exchange.