bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Occlusal Factors in the Presence of Noncarious Cervical Lesions in Young People: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Alvarez-Arenal A , Alvarez-Menendez L , Gonzalez-Gonzalez I , Jiménez-Castellanos E , Garcia-Gonzalez M , deLlanos-Lanchares H
Published: November 2018

Objective:

The aim of this retrospective case-control study was to evaluate the influence of different occlusal characteristics and self-referred bruxism in the presence of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs).

Methods and Materials:

The participants were 280 students (140 cases and 140 controls), with an average age of 24.5 years, from six schools of dentistry in Spain. Clinical examination was carried out to record the NCCLs and the static and dynamic occlusal characteristics. The side of mastication and bruxism was collected by questionnaire. Data variables were analyzed by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Odds ratios and the respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated (p<0.05).

Results:

The presence of NCCLs was significantly more likely in subjects with protrusive interferences (odds ratio [OR]=1.82); with lateral interferences, especially on the nonworking side (OR= 1.77); or who were self-reported bruxists (OR=1.72). In the multivariate analysis, protrusive interferences, bruxism, age, and the presence of attrition were risk factors for the development of NCCLs. These factors resulted in a model with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.667 and a positive predictive value of 61.43%.

Conclusions:

There was no significant relationship between most occlusal factors and the presence of NCCLs. Only bruxism, protrusive interferences, age, and occlusal wear were risk factors. The predictive model was not sufficiently explanatory. Occlusal factors alone do not appear to be sufficient to explain the presence of NCCLs.
Self-control of ctudents in using the Internet
Authors: Putri Yola Eka , Daharnis Daharnis , Marjohan Marjohan
Published: November 2018

This study sees a picture of student self-control in using the Internet. The research used is descriptive quantitative. The number of respondents in this study were 230 students. The instrument used was a questionnaire, the data were analyzed descriptively by determining the percentage of achievement using the average score percentage formula. The results of the study describe the overall control of BK UNP students in using the Internet in the high category. From the aspect of self-control it was found that: (1) cognitive control of students in using the internet was in the high category, (2) student behavior control in using the internet was in the moderate category, (3) control of student decisions in using the internet in the high.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Mata Pelajaran Akidah Akhlak dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Naturalistik Eksistensial Spiritual
Authors: Wahyudi Dedi , Agustin Nelly
Published: November 2018

Learning outcomes are very important for every student, parent, teacher andschool. Learning outcomes are a tool for students to gain an appreciation and a betterlife. The learning result of morality is not only concerned with the cognitive aspect, butalso emphasizes the affective and psychomotor aspects. Using this naturalisticexistential-based expression model can improve student learning outcomes. Bothlearning outcomes from aspects of cognitive (knowledge), affective aspects (morals) andpsychomotrik aspects (skills / skills). The intelligence of students has the potential toimprove learning outcomes. No exception on the subject Akidah Akhlak, which is inneed of understanding and implementation of the contents of teaching materials. Suchintelligence is naturalistic existential and spiritual. It is concluded that these threeintelligences are dominantly average owned by the students. When associated withsubjects of moral aqid and learning model, existential natural and spiritualisticintelligence is very relevant to teaching materials and learning frames. It appears thatstudent learning outcomes are increasing with the use of this existential spiritualisticbased naturalistic learning model. Increased learning results seen from good moralsand good students in accordance with existing norms. Also seen from the results ofunderstanding through the evaluation of side.
PERAN PENDIDIK DALAM PENERAPAN INTERNET SEHAT MENURUT ISLAM
Authors: Saefulloh Ahmad
Published: November 2018

Internet is a contemporary solution to keep people connected to the outside world. A lot of experience will be gained from something you never knew before. Everyone is entitled to the right science because the demand for science is long live education, the other term is life for science. Through the internet a person's ability to reach distant places in just a few seconds, so fast as to make the world already in the grip. The presence of the Internet creates its own contradictions, on one hand its presence produces many positive sides, one of the benefits is there is an opportunity to access new knowledge and can work to be meaningful to fellow human beings around the world. But on the other hand the internet also has a negative impact, because it damages morale and development in children in particular. The Internet provides a free opportunity to explore with privacy, raising the question of whether the exploration is on the right track or on a deviant course. This study used descriptive qualitative method with phenomenalogy analysis involving several family members. Data collection through snowball sampling technique to get saturated data. The result of the research in this journal is that the internet in its use can be controlled through parent's mentoring, special approach with certain tricks and steps, and educators and parents also need to know internet usage, so that children activities can be controlled well
Social Inclusion and Social Leverage Foundations: A Theoretical Review
Authors: Reyes Giovanni E. , Govers Mark , Ruwaard Dirk
Published: November 2018

The main aim of this research is to present a theoretical review regarding the theory of social inclusion and social leverage. In this research, four fundamental and complementary approaches are taken into account: (i) the theory of growing capacities and increasing opportunities as essential aspects of Amartya Sen's theory of human development; (ii) the perspective and factors of the current process of globalization; (iii) Douglass North's neoinstitutionalist approach to social and political conditions; and (iv) foundations of the legitimacy theory from Jürgen Habermas. These considerations made possible a more comprehensive consideration that goes beyond the strictly economic elements, to complement the standpoint with other elements, including those of public policy analysis.
Iranian Feminist Activists and Critical Media Literacy
Authors: Kachalmi Kobra Mohammadpour , Fee Lee Yok
Published: November 2018

Considering the exponential growth of technology and media in Iranian society as well as the significant role of media culture in reproducing, reinforcing, and legitimizing dominant ideologies such as sexism, the central question posed by this paper is how Iranian feminist activists critically analyze media messages. Further, this paper explores the extent to which this analysis fits the critical media literacy framework. Using a critical media literacy framework underpinned by feminist standpoint theory, this paper presents results from qualitative interviews with 15 Iranian feminist activists. We find that Iranian feminist activists focus more on politics of representation and critique of gender ideology in the critical analysis of media products. Thus, critical analysis of media by Iranian feminist activists better fits the definition of critical media literacy than its core concepts. The findings also demonstrate that a transformative dimension of critical media literacy is ignored by the feminist activists despite using media in the struggle against dominant gender ideology.
The Meccan Era in the Light of the Turkish Writings from the Prophet’s Birth till the Prophetic Immigration to Medina - II
Authors: Al Harthy Noura Ahmed Hamed
Published: November 2018

The prophet’s biography had a supreme place in the Turkish writings. In this vein, the present research’s title is “The Meccan Era in the Turkish Writings from the prophet’s birth till the Prophetic Immigration to Medina”. Therefore in this research, a great amount of information about the Meccan era in the Turkish Writings from the prophet’s birth till the Prophetic Immigration to Medina was collected. It also included prophet’s life before and after the mission till the immigration to Abyssinia, the boycott, passing the second Aqaba Pledge, the Prophet's stand towards some contemporary nations and finally, the conclusion and the list of citied works and references. Before the prophet Muhammad Ibn Abd Allah's (PBUH) birth, the Arabian Peninsula lived in full darkness then it was enlightened by Islam. The prophet (PBUH) was not detached from the universal arena; rather, he was aware of the surrounding nations led by the Persians and Romans during that time. The Turks became in contact with Arabs from the earlier ages of the Islamic history. Moreover, the prophet sat in the Turkish tent and it is noticed that the Turkish Literature has paid great attention to the prophet’s biography, as well as the Meccan and Medina eras, since his childhood till his prophecy and all the details that related to the holy prophetic immigration to Medina, as we will see in the followings researches.
Sistem Pengambilan Keputusan Untuk Penerimaan Pegawai Baru PT.PLN (Persero) Wilayah Aceh Dengan Metode Heuristik
Authors: Putra I Nyoman Tri Anindia
Published: November 2018

Sistem pendukung keputusan (Decision Support Systems) disingkat DSS adalah bagian dari sistem informasi berbasis komputer (manajemen pengetahuan) yang dipakai untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan dalam suatu organisasi atau perusahaan.

Heuristik dapat dijelaskan sebagai pengembangan berbagai aturan untuk membantu memecahkan masalah-masalah rumit atau sub masalah final dengan menemukan jalur yang paling menjanjikan dalam mencari solusi dan cara-cara mendapatkan dengan menginterpretasi informasi yang senantiasa berubah kemudian mengembangkan metode-metode yang memimpin kepada satu algoritma komputasional atau solusi umum.

Metode ini dipilih karena akan melakukan pencarian terhadap solusi yang cukup baik melalui serangkaian aturan (rules) yang akan dibentuk dengan format IF anteseden THEN. Konsekuen anteseden berisi aksi atau kondisi atau fakta yang terjadi konsekuen berupa reaksi yang dilakukan, jika aksi terjadi atau kondisi bernilai benar, adalah untuk menentukan pelamar mana yang pantas dipilih yang akan mengikuti tahapan tes berikutnya, berdasarkan persyaratan-persyaratan yang telah ditentukan sehingga akan mendapatkan hasil yang lebih akurat terhadap siapa saja pelamar yang berhak mengikuti tahap tes berikutnya untuk menjadi pegawai baru PLN.
Conflitos socioambientais na Área de Proteção Ambiental de Jenipabu - RN (Social and environmental conflicts in the Environmental Protection Area of Jenipabu – RN)
Authors: Soares Ilton Araújo , Oliveira Jorge Eduardo Lins , Lima Eduardo Rodrigues Viana
Published: November 2018

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar e analisar os principais conflitos socioambientais na Área de Proteção Ambiental de Jenipabu – APAJ, localizada no litoral oriental do Rio Grande do Norte. A perspectiva de análise adotada buscou entender as relações entre os conflitos socioambientais e a sustentabilidade da APAJ a partir de uma abordagem dialética. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolveram revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, entrevistas, análise de conteúdo, pesquisas de campo, levantamento aerofotogramétrico, técnicas de geoprocessamento e análise de fotografias aéreas. Foram identificados sete tipos de conflitos socioambientais, sendo o principal deles a ocupação irregular dos campos de dunas fixas e móveis por residências e imóveis comerciais. Parte dos conflitos identificados já ocorria antes da criação da unidade de conservação. Além disso, sua implantação não conseguiu garantir o reordenamento territorial e nem evitar que os conflitos socioambientais deixassem de ocorrer, provocando o aumento dos problemas, principalmente pela não efetivação dos instrumentos de fiscalização e monitoramento do plano de manejo. Por fim, os resultados da pesquisa sugerem que a APAJ apresenta problemas que podem levá-la a um grau elevado de insustentabilidade, principalmente na dimensão ambiental.  The objective of this paper was to identify and analyze the main socioenvironmental conflicts in the Área de Proteção Ambiental de Jenipabu - APAJ. The analysis perspective that guided this research sought to understand the relations between the socioenvironmental conflicts and the sustainability of the APAJ from a dialectical approach. The methodological procedures involved bibliographic review, document research, interviews, discourse analysis, field research, aerial photogrammetric survey, techniques of geoprocessing and analysis of aerial photographs Were identified seven types of socioenvironmental conflicts, being the main irregular occupation of fixed and mobile dunes for homes and commercial real estate. Part of the identified conflicts had already occurred before of the creation of the conservation unit. In addition, its creation was not able to guarantee the territorial reorganization or to resolve its main socioenvironmental conflicts, provoking the increase of problems, mainly due to the non-effectiveness of the oversight and monitoring instruments of the management plan. Finally, the results of the research suggest that the APAJ presents problems that can lead to a high degree of unsustainability, mainly in the environmental dimension.Keywords: Conservation Unit. Protected Area. Coastal Environment.
CONSTRUCTION WASTE AS A DISPERSE SYSTEM
Authors: Клименко Максим , Klimenko Maksim , Клименко Мария , Klimenko Mariya
Published: November 2018

The authors studied and classified some parameters of construction waste properties, construction waste energy parameters and their stability in the building technical state recovery system by means of the application of basic tenets of the theory of disperse systems. Key parameters determining the properties of a dispersion medium and dispersed phase were formed; such groups as geometric, physical and mechanical, chemical, hydrophysical, thermophysical, optical, aerodynamic (for construction waste) and space-planning, structural, technical state, climate (for the building technical state recovery system) were distinguished. Construction waste stability is considered as a resulting criterion, characterizing its behavior in the environment and making it possible to manage waste in order to decrease their stability and, eventually, providing ecological safety of construction projects.
EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR MANAGING THE TECHNICAL STATE BY THE EXAMPLE OF BUILDING A BOILER IN ROSTOV-ON-DON
Authors: Клименко Максим , Klimenko Maksim , Клименко Мария , Klimenko Mariya
Published: November 2018

In this article, the evaluation criteria (general technical condition, durability, conditional reliability) of construction objects are considered on the example of a boiler house in Rostov-on-Don. On the basis of the system analysis, a classification of characteristics is made and classification of the parameters of the construction object is made, where the main errors in the design, construction and operation are identified, and the logical and probabilistic relationships between them are identified, which made it possible to establish the possibility of the onset of critical events and states that They create emergency situations (accidents). The estimated building management criteria allow the formation of a data bank with the help of which it is planned to calculate the criteria and make decisions when operating.
STUDY OF THE BEARING CAPACITY OF MODEL FOUNDATIONS ON SANDY GROUNDS
Authors: Евтушенко Сергей , Evtushenko Sergey
Published: November 2018

The article provides an overview of experimental studies conducted by the scientific school of soil mechanics of the Novocherkassk Polytechnic Institute from 1962 to the present. The article gives information about the studies of the bearing capacity of the sandy base were carried out on models of band (flat problem), round (axisymmetric problem), columnar under a separate and under the grid columns.
Magdalena. Ensayo de novela de Manuel Cayetano Zetino
Authors: Morales Bermúdez Jesús Teófilo
Published: November 2018

.
Analisis Ukuran Agregat Kasar pada Sifat Mekanis Beton
Authors: Hakim Abdul
Published: November 2018

Beton yang baik adalah beton yang mempunyai sifat-sifat yang baik, yaitu beton memiliki kuat tekan yang baik, mudah dalam pengerjaannya, berdurabilitas dan ekonomis yaitu penggunaan material yang tepat dan ukuran yang sesuai. Dari sifat-sifat beton di atas salah satu yang mempengaruhi adalah ukuran agregat kasar. Maksud ukuran agregat kasar di sini tidak hanya pada besar diameter agregat tetapi juga gradasi dari agregat tesebut, oleh karena itu penelitian ini untuk menguji dari pengaruh tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan eksperimen di Laboratorium dengan pembuatan benda uji silinder beton. Target kuat tekan beton pada umur 28 (dua puluh delapan) hari adalah 20 MPa dan 40 MPa. Selain itu diuji pada besaran mekanis lainnya seperti Kekuatan tarik, modulus kelenturan dan modulus elastisitas sehingga berdasarkan hasil pengujian beton yang dilakukan di Laboratorium ini akan diperoleh hubungan diameter agregat terhadap sifat-sifat beton. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa beton dengan menggunakan campuran agregat ukuran diameter 40 mm memeliki kuat tekan yang lebih besar hingga 5 % dari kuat tekan beton dengan diameter agregat 20mm, demikian pula pada besaran mekanik lainnya yang menunjukkan bahwa beton dengan agregat diameter maksimum 40 mm lebih besar daripada beton dengan ukuran agregat maksimum 20 mm.Kata Kunci: ukuran agregat, sifat-sifat beton, biaya
Analisis Routing Reservoir dalam Pengembangan Sumber Daya Air Kawasan Karst
Authors: Setyowati Rr Diah Nugraheni , Junaidi Rahmad
Published: November 2018

Pengembangan sumberdaya air adalah upaya peningkatan kemanfaatan fungsi sumber daya air tanpa merusak keseimbangan lingkungan. Pengembangan Sumber Daya Air didalam Hukum Tata Lingkungan tercakup pada azas ke 13 yaitu azas penyelenggaraan kepentingan umum (principle of public service). Adapun Pengembangan Sumber Daya Air didalam Ilmu Lingkungan tercakup pada azas ke tiga atau Hukum Termodinamika ke tiga ialah menyangkut sumber alam, meliputi materi, ruang, waktu, dan keanekaragaman (Tresna, 2000). Kawasan karst memiliki karakteristik relief dan drainase yang khas, terutama disebabkan oleh larutnya batuan yang tinggi di dalam air, jika dibandingkan dengan daerah lain. Pada kawasan ini dapat diketahui yaitu relief pada bentang alam ini berada pada kawasan yang berbatuan yang mudah larut, juga dapat diketahui dengan adanya aliran sungai yang secara tiba tiba masuk tanah meninggalkan lembah kering dan muncul sebagai mata air yang besar. Pada kawasan ini pola pengaliran tidak sempurna, kadang tampak, kadang hilang, yang disebut sebagai sungai bawah tanah. Kawasan karst terbentuk dari tanah karst yang didominasi oleh batu gamping. Menurut Bowles (1989), klasifikasi batu gamping termasuk batuan sedimentasi kimiawi terdiri dari kalsit (CaCO3), yang mempunyai sifat cepat bereaksi dengan cairan asam (hydroclorida). Tanah karst termasuk kategori tanah yang tidak mendukung keberadaan air permukaan, karena tanah tersebut tersusun dari batuan karbonat terutama CaCO3 dan dolomit CaMg (CO3)2. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, yang bertujuan memberikan gambaran sistematis terhadap obyek penelitian. Sistem pendistribusian air direncanakan dalam sistem jaringan dengan cara gravitasi. Sistem gravitasi bertujuan akan memperlancar pendistribusian air ke konsumen dengan dampak biaya operasional relatif ringan. Metode perhitungan yang digunakan dengan analisis routing reservoir. Dari hasil analisis, untuk dapat melayani semua konsumen +75.000 orang maka RB-2 memerlukan debit inflow minimum 86 l/dt. Bila debit minimum ke RB-2 65 l/dt baru dapat melayani 65% dari kebutuhan air total. Sedangkan untuk debit inflow minimum 82 l/dt baru dapat melayani 91 % kebutuhan air total.
Evaluasi Kinerja Teknis PDAM Tirta Kepri Provinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Munfarida Ida
Published: November 2018

Penilaian kinerja aspek pelayanan PDAM terdiri dari aspek teknis, keuangan dan manajemen. Evaluasi kinerja pelayanan PDAM bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran dan penilaian terhadap pelayanan PDAM sehingga dapat merumuskan rencana tindak pelayanan PDAM. Dalam penelitian ini, evaluasi kinerja difokuskan pada kinerja teknis PDAM Tirta Kepri Kota Tanjungpinang Provinsi Kepulauan Riau yang terdiri dari 6 indikator kinerja teknis antara lain: pertumbuhan pelanggan, persentase pelayanan, volume produksi air, volume distribusi air, volume penjualan air, dan kehilangan air PDAM Tirta Kepri selama rentang waktu 3 tahun dari tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2015. Penelitian berdasarkan data sekunder Laporan Teknik PDAM Tirta Kepri tahun 2016 dan audit BPKP PDAM Tirta Kepri Kota Tanjungpinang tahun 2012-2014. Kinerja pelayanan teknis PDAM Tirta Kepri untuk kategori jumlah pelanggan dan tingkat kebocoran mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2015, namun volume produksi, distribusi dan penjualan mengalami penurunan dan prosentase pelayanan belum memenuhi target nasional, dimana jumlah pelanggan tahun 2012 sebesar 14.769 SR meningkat menjadi 5.306 SR di tahun 2015 sementara prosentase pelayanan pada tahun 2015 sebesar 30% tidak menunjukkan peningkatan dari tahun 2012. Rencana tindak dalam peningkatan pelayanan PDAM Tirta Kepri meliputi peningkatan sambungan rumah, meningkatkan produksi dan distribusi air melalui optimalisasi IPA, meningkatkan penjualan air dan non air, dan menekan kebocoran.
KAJIAN POTENSI PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH PLASTIK MENJADI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR
Authors: Sari Gina Lova
Published: November 2018

The abundance of plastic waste is caused by inadequate management. The element of plastic waste consists of crude oil and natural gas that can be reuse as fuel. The conversion technique which can be applied is thermal cracking as known as pyrolysis that combined with a catalyst. The addition of a catalyst can accelerate the process of crude oil formation so that the volume increases and makes the quality better. The pyrolysis can convert waste into oil up to 81% that are consist of paraffin, isopropyl, olefin, naphthal and aromatics so feasible to use as fuel.

Keywords: catalyst, crude oil, fuel, plastic waste, pyrolysis.
STUDI LITERATUR PENGGUNAAN LAHAN BESERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS TANAH
Authors: UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya Al-Ard Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan , Junaidi Rahmad
Published: November 2018

Lahan adalah suatu lingkungan fisik yang meliputi tanah, iklim, relief, hidrologi, dan vegetasi dimana faktor-faktor tersebut mempengaruhi potensi penggunaannya (Hardjowigeno dan Widiatmaka, 2001). Sesuai dengan pendapat Arsyad dalam Setyowati (2016), penggunaan lahan (land use) dapat diartikan sebagai campur tangan manusia terhadap lahan, baik secara menetap maupun berkala untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup baik material maupun spiritual. Kualitas tanah merupakan kapasitas dari suatu tanah dalam suatu lahan untuk menyediakan fungsi-fungsi yang dibutuhkan manusia atau ekosistem alami dalam waktu yang lama (Plaster, 2003). Menurut Nazam dan Suriadi (2008), apabila tanah tidak mampu untuk memenuhi fungsinya akan mengakibatkan terganggunya kualitas tanah sehingga menimbulkan bertambah luasnya lahan kritis, menurunnya produktivitas tanah dan pencemaran lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, yaitu menggambarkan dan mendeskripsikan hasil studi literature yang terkait dengan penggunaan lahan, kualitas tanah dan pengaruh penggunaan lahan terhadap kualitas tanah. Berdasarkan pada hasil pengkajian dan pembahasan penggunaan lahan serta pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas tanah, maka dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut : tingkat IKT pada penggunaan lahan dengan pola wanatani dengan dominasi tanamn ketela pohon dan jati lebih tinggi dari pola wanatani dengan campuran berbagai jenis pohon, pengelolaan seresah yang dibenam dapat meningkatkan kandungan bahan organic dalam tanah dibandingkan dengan seresah yang dibakar, tanah hutan memiliki IKT tertinggi karena belum adanya pengelolaan tanah yang dilakukan, teknik konservasi pada lahan miring dilakukan dengan pembuatan teras bangku yang dilakukan dengan penanaman tanaman penguatdapat menurunkan tingkat erosi pada tanah, sebaliknya jika tidak dilakukan dengan penanaman tanaman penguat dapat meningkatkan tingkat erosi, pemupukan yang dilakukan dengan cara dibenam dapat menjadikan unsur hara dalam tanah lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan pemupukan yang dilakukan dengan cara disebar, pemanfaatan lahan untuk sistem penggunaan lahan yang baik akan menjadikan lahan memiliki indeks kualitas tanah yang tinggi.

 

Kata kunci : penggunaan lahan, unsur hara, kualitas tanah
CRIME EXPOSURE AND EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES IN MEXICO
Authors: Orraca Romano Pedro Paulo
Published: November 2018

Driven by drug-related crimes, homicide levels in Mexico have dramatically increased since 2007. This study examines the effect of students’ exposure to crime on educational outcomes in Mexico. Using school-level data, a panel of the country’s elementary and secondary schools is constructed to analyse the effect of local homicides on standardised test scores and grade failure rates. The results show that a one-unit increase in the homicide rate per 10,000 inhabitants is associated with a reduction in school-level test scores between 0.0035 and 0.0142 standard deviations, this is likely being driven by effects of individual test scores and by compositional changes in the student body. Additionally, a rise in the homicide rate is also associated with an increase in the grade failure rate. It is proposed that the negative effects of crime exposure are partly due to a reduction of the number of contact hours, and students not compensating for this, by studying more outside of school. Exposure to homicides has potentially long-term consequences since it may affect educational achievement levels and future income flow. RESUMEN Debido a un aumento en el número de delitos relacionados con el crimen organizado, los niveles de homicidios en México se incrementaron drásticamente a partir de 2007. Este artículo estudia los efectos de la exposición a altos niveles de homicidios sobre los logros educativos en México. Para ello, se construye un panel de escuelas primarias y secundarias a fin de analizar los efectos de los homicidios sobre los resultados de la prueba ENLACE y la tasa de reprobación. Los resultados muestran que un aumento en una unidad en la tasa de homicidios por cada 10,000 habitantes está asociado con una reducción en los resultados de la prueba ENLACE entre 0.0035 y 0.0042 desviaciones estándar, donde estos hallazgos son producto del efecto negativo sobre los resultados de la prueba y del cambio en la composición estudiantil dentro de las escuelas. Asimismo, incrementos en los niveles de homicidios también están asociados con un aumento en la tasa de reprobación. Los efectos negativos generados por los homicidios son, en parte, producto de una reducción en el número de horas que los alumnos asisten a la escuela.
Farklı uç alma dönemleri ve farklı dozlarda azot uygulamalarının Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) üzüm çeşidinde salkım ve tane özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: KORKUTAL İlknur , BAHAR Elman , KAYGUSUZ Gülderen
Published: November 2018

Tekirdağ merkez ilçeye bağlı Yazır Köyü, 40° 55’ 38.59” K ve 27° 25’ 20.93” D koordinatları arasında, Umurbey Vineyards’da yetiştirilen Merlot/5BB aşı kombinasyonuna sahip omcalardan oluşan bağ parselinde 2013 yılında bu deneme kurulmuş ve yürütülmüştür. Farklı dozlarda azot uygulaması ve farklı dönemlerde uç alma işlemlerinin salkım ve tane özellikleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Denemede 4 farklı dozda; Doz 1 (Kontrol) (0 kg da-1 N), Doz 2 (5 kg da-1 N), Doz 3 (10 kg da-1 N) ve Doz 4 (15 kg da-1 N) olmak üzere azot uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca 4 farklı dönemde uç alma uygulanmıştır; Uygulama Yok (UY= Kontrol), Çiçeklenme Öncesi (ÇÖ), Tam Çiçeklenme (TÇ) ve Tane Tutumu (TT). Denemede salkım özellikleri (eni, boyu, ağırlığı, hacmi, tane sayısı, yeşil tane oranı), tane özellikleri (eni, boyu, yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, hacmi, % kuru ağırlık, 100 tane yaş ağırlığı, özkütlesi, kabuk alanı, kabuk alanı / tane eti hacmine oranı) ve verim kriterleri incelenmiştir. Deneme sonucunda TT döneminde yapılan uç alma ile salkım, tane ve verim özelliklerinin şaraplık üzümler için istenilen seviyeye eriştiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca verimli topraklarda azot uygulamasına gerek duyulmaksızın kaliteli yetiştiricilik yapılabileceği öngörülmüştür.
Equidad de género en la gran minerí­a del cobre de Chile. Experiencias de inserción laboral femenina en espacios masculinizados
Authors: Gómez Fuentealba Pablo Salvador , Angelcos Gutiérrez Nicolás
Published: November 2018

Este artí­culo analiza los alcances y obstáculos de las polí­ticas de inserción femenina en la gran minerí­a del cobre en Chile. La incorporación de las mujeres se realiza en un sector estratégico de la economí­a, tradicionalmente dominado por varones, con remuneraciones y prestigio sobre la media nacional. Nuestra hipótesis es que, pese a la eliminación de fronteras institucionales que limitaban la participación de las mujeres, subsisten fronteras simbólicas (Lamont y Bail, 2005) que dificultan el alcance de la equidad de género. Así­, analizamos dos fronteras que operan como obstáculos a la incorporación efectiva de las mujeres: estereotipos laborales asociados a lo masculino y femenino, y asociación entre mujer y madre.
Campo religioso português. Análise externa e interna
Authors: Coutinho José Pereira
Published: November 2018

Este artigo tem como objectivo analisar o campo religioso português, focando-se na Igreja Católica e aplicando a análise externa e a análise interna, segundo o método empresarial da análise SWOT. A análise externa examina a envolvente contextual, a envolvente transaccional, ameaças e oportunidades, a atractividade e a estrutura. A análise interna examina recursos e sua evolução, produtos/serviços disponibilizados, assim como pontos fracos e pontos fortes. Por fim, questionase o sucesso da Igreja Católica com base nos conceitos de estratégia, factores críticos de sucesso e competências centrais, concluindo-se pela multiplicidade de realidades dentro da Igreja Católica, devido à variedade de competências centrais de cada entidade eclesial.Abstract: This article aims to analyse the Portuguese religious field, focusing on the Catholic Church and applying external analysis and internal analysis, according to the business method of SWOT analysis. External analysis examines the contextual environment, the transactional environment, threats and opportunities, attractiveness, and structure. The internal analysis examines resources and their evolution, products/services available, as well as weaknesses and strengths. Finally, the success of the Catholic Church is questioned based on the concepts of strategy, critical success factors and core competences, concluding by the multiplicity of realities within the Catholic Church, due to the variety of central competences of each ecclesial entity.Keywords: Religious field; Portugal; External analysis; Internal analysis; Catholic Church.
The Use of Information and Communication Technologies in the Educational Process: Achievements, Problems, Prospects
Authors: Merzlikina I. V.
Published: November 2018

The article deals with the problems of informatization of education, proposes ways to solve these problems, clarifies the functions of electronic textbook and electronic applications to the textbook.
Quiz Dedicated to 200th of I.S. Turgenev’s Birth
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: November 2018

.
Questions of Orthography Normalization in «Tolkovyi slovar’ russkogo yazyka» after edition of D.N. Ushakov
Authors: Naumenko S. V.
Published: November 2018

The article is dedicated to otrthographical content of the first soviet standard «Tolkovyi slovar’ russkogo yazyka» after edition of D.N. Ushakov. The specific aspects of spelling are analyzed in the context of orthographic situation in postreformed period and D.N. Ushakov’s views. It is set the approaches to normalization of such controversial groups of writing as compound adjectives with the meaning of colour shade, stressed vowels о/е after hushings in nouns’ suffixes, н/нн in suffixes of adjectives and participles. The basic groups of orthographic variants in the dictionary are defended, their normative status is determined. It is defended the influence of the dictionary on the normalization postreform spelling.
Positivity Effect and Working Memory Performance Remains Intact in Older Adults After Sleep Deprivation
Authors: Gerhardsson Andreas , Fischer Håkan , Lekander Mats , Kecklund Göran , Axelsson John , Åkerstedt Torbjörn , Schwarz Johanna
Published: November 2018

Background: Older adults perform better in tasks which include positive stimuli, referred to as the positivity effect. However, recent research suggests that the positivity effect could be attenuated when additional challenges such as stress or cognitive demands are introduced. Moreover, it is well established that older adults are relatively resilient to many of the adverse effects of sleep deprivation. Our aim was to investigate if the positivity effect in older adults is affected by one night of total sleep deprivation using an emotional working memory task. Methods: A healthy sample of 48 older adults (60-72 years) was either sleep deprived for one night (n = 24) or had a normal night’s sleep (n = 24). They performed an emotional working memory n-back (n = 1 & 3) task containing positive, negative and neutral pictures. Results: Performance in terms of accuracy and reaction times was best for positive stimuli and worst for negative stimuli. This positivity effect was not altered by sleep deprivation. Results also showed that, despite significantly increased sleepiness, there was no effect of sleep deprivation on working memory performance. A working memory load × valence interaction on the reaction times revealed that the beneficial effect of positive stimuli was only present in the 1-back condition. Conclusion: While the positivity effect and general working memory abilities in older adults are intact after one night of sleep deprivation, increased cognitive demand attenuates the positivity effect on working memory speed.
Publishing Research with Undergraduate Students via Replication Work The Collaborative Replications and Education Project
Authors: Wagge Jordan Rose , Brandt Mark John , Lazarevic Ljiljana B. , Legate Nicole , Christopherson Cody D , Wiggins Bradford Jay , Grahe Jon E.
Published: November 2018

We discuss the Collaborative Replications and Education Project (CREP), the background and purpose of the CREP, and how students participate in the project. We also discuss how CREP facilitates and promotes dissemination of student work and the benefits of CREP.
Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Multidrug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria from Various Clinical Specimens of Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ghimire Albert , Acharya Bipesh , Tuladhar Reshma
Published: November 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess multidrug resistance and Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) production in Gram negative bacterial pathogens.Methods: The study included clinical specimens sent for routine culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing. A total of 469 different clinical specimens were processed according to the standard methodology. The isolates were identified by standard microbiological procedures and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Production of ESBL was determined by combined disk method.Results: Of the total sample processed, 80 (17.0%) Gram negative bacteria were isolated and 82.5% of them were multidrug resistant (MDR). From the total MDR isolates, 47% were ESBL positive. The higher rate of growth among Intensive Care Units (ICUs) patients was found statistically significant. Higher prevalence of MDR isolates was observed in blood and pus specimens. The majority of the ESBL producers were Escherichia coli (38.7%). Higher rate of ESBL producers was detected from blood (55.6%). Polymyxin B, imipenem and amikacin were the most effective antibiotics against Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa whereas imipenem, amikacin, meropenem were the most effective antibiotics against Enterobacteriaceae.Conclusion: Higher prevalence of ESBL producing MDR Gram negative pathogens in hospitalized patients indicates these bacteria are important health care associated pathogens and requires proper infection control measures that check the transfer of MDR and β-lactamase producing bacterial pathogens among the hospitalized patients.
Drug Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens of Enterobacteriaceae Family
Authors: Sah Bhola Shankar , Aryal Manita , Bhargava Dipak , Siddique Amrullah
Published: November 2018

Objectives: This study was done to determine the drug resistance pattern and Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) in bacterial isolates of Enterobacteriaceae family from different clinical specimens.Methods: The isolates were identified by conventional culture techniques and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by modified Kirby Bauer disk diffusion methods and ESBL detection by combined disk method.Results: Of the total 1602 sample processed 200 (12.5%) bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae family were isolated and 85.5% of them were multidrug resistant. Of the total Enterobacteriaceae isolates 27% were ESBL producers. Single isolate of stool was MDR and ESBL producer. Higher prevalence of MDR isolates (100%) and ESBL producer (41.2%) was observed in sputum specimen. Higher multidrug resistance (92.1%) and ESBL production (35%) was detected in Klebsiella pneumoniae.Conclusion: The most effective antibiotics towards the isolates of Enterobacteriaceae were imipenem, amikacin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. Emergence of MDR and ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae requires proper infection control measures and routine and reliable detection of ESBL with rationale use of antibiotics.
Phenotypic Assays for Detection of AmpC and MBL Producers among the Clinical Isolates of Multi Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Manandhar Sarita , Adhikari Sarashwoti , Rajbhandari Sujeeb
Published: November 2018

Objectives: In order to determine the prevalence of multi-drug resistance along with AmpC and metallo-β-lactamase producing P. aeruginosa, a six month cross-sectional study was carried out at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center.Methods: A total of 756 clinical specimens were analyzed for bacteriological profile. The bacterial isolates were identified by cultural and biochemical techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. MDR isolates were screened and tested for MBL and AmpC production. Ceftazidime resistant isolates were tested for MBL and Cefoxitin resistant isolates for AmpC.Results: Among all the clinical samples analyzed, P. aeruginosa was detected in 75 samples (9.92%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed Imipenem as the most effective drug with susceptibility of 76% followed by Piperacillin-Tazobactam (74.7%) and Piperacillin (41.3%). Out of 75 P. aeruginosa isolates, 53 (70.6%) of them were found to be resistant to at least three out of four anti-pseudomonal agents, thus were considered as MDR. Out of 53 multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa (MDRPA), all were resistant to ceftazidime whereas 85% (45/53) were resistant to cefoxitin. Out of 53 isolates, 11 (20.75%) showed positive result for MBL. Similarly, 7 out of 45 i.e. 13.2% were found to be AmpC producers.Conclusion: This study signified the high prevalence of MDRPA which is an alarming rate. Also multiple β-lactamase producing P. aeruginosa were detected which can further complicate the treatment options. Regular monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility and rational use of antibiotics would be helpful in eliminating the outbreaks of multiple β-lactamase producing MDRPA.
Prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL) and Metallo Beta Lactamases (MBL) Mediated Resistance in Gram Negative Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Pathak Pramila , Jaishi Nandalal , Yadav Binod Kumar , Shah Pradeep Kumar
Published: November 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) along with Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and Metallo β-lactamase (MBL) producing gram negative bacterial isolates among the patients attending Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from June to December; 2016. Altogether 977 clinical specimens were processed for analysis of bacteriological profile and the isolates were identified by culture, morphological and biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion methods following Clinical and Laboratories Standard Institute guideline and the isolates were tested for ESBL and MBL by combined disk method.Results: out of 977 clinical specimens, 254 (25.99%) were found to be gram negative bacterial isolates, among them Klebsiella pneumoniae 83 (32.67%) was the most predominant organism followed by E. coli 51 (20.07%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 36 (14.17%), K. oxytoca 32 (12.59%), Proteus mirabilis 13 (5.11%) and P. vulgaris 13 (5.11%), Acinetobacter spp. 11 (4.33%), Citrobacter spp. 10 (3.93%) and Enterobacter spp. 5 (1.96%) respectively. 83 (32.67%) isolates were found to be MDR, 38(14.96%) were positive for ESBL while 19 (7.48%) were MBL producer.Conclusion: The determent drug resistance among ESBL and MBL producers, reflect the extensive use of antibiotics possessing difficulties in therapeutic potions in hospital setting which might be overcome by proper microbiological analysis of pathogenic isolates and judicious use of antibiotics for emergence of resistance strains.
Population Based Survey of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency among People Living in Terai Districts of Nepal
Authors: Lamichhane Niraj , Adhikari Nabaraj , Shrestha Upendra Thapa , Rijal Komal Raj , Banjara Megha Raj , Ghimire Prakash
Published: November 2018

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency among population of selected malaria endemic districts in central and eastern terai of Nepal.Methods: Six hundred seventy whole blood samples were collected from the indigenous peoples community, identified based on district public health office records for G6PDd in the past from Jhapa, Morang and Dhanusha districts endemic to malaria, during April to June 2013. Collected blood samples were tested on the sites by using BinaxNow G6PD test kit and CareStartTM G6PD test kits.Results: The G6PD deficiency was found to be in 6.1% and 6.3% in BinaxNow and CareStartTM respectively. In 42 G6PD deficient cases number of male to female ratio was almost equal. Higher proportions of deficient cases were from Rajbanshi and Santhal communities than others. Highest number of deficient cases was in Jhapa followed by Morang and Dhanusha districts respectively.Conclusion: G6PD deficiency in indigenous population group in eastern and central terai are heterogenous. So the testing of G6PD before initiation of radical treatment of Plasmodium vivax infection would be important for reducing the risk of hemolysis following Primaquine (PQ) administration. Rational evidence-based PQ administration may be helpful in contributing towards the elimination of malaria from the country.
Tier 3 Intensified Intervention for Second Grade Students with Severe Mathematics Difficulties
Authors: Bryant Diane Pedrotty , Bryant Brian R. , Sorelle-Miner Danielle A. , Falcomata Terry , Nozari Maryam
Published: November 2018

Abstract

A multiple baseline design was employed to examine the effects of an intensive mathematics intervention, which focused on early numeracy concepts and skills. Thirty-three second grade students participated in the study. Students attended five different schools in one school district and received the intervention in a total of 12 groups from mathematics interventionists. The intervention occurred for about 30 min per session, 5 days a week for 8 weeks with a maintenance phase two weeks later and generalization testing four weeks later. The intervention consisted of explicit instruction, strategies, and mathematics practices. Visual analyses of the data showed improvement for the majority of the groups. Effect size calculations showed no evidence of overlapping data between baseline and intervention for nine out of twelve groups. Maintenance data revealed positive results and five students had a posttest score at or above the 25th percentile on the generalization measure. Implications for practice with limitations and future research are discussed.
Avaliação da citotoxicidade da hemolinfa de larvas de Zophobas Morio Fabricius (Coleóptera: Teneobriedae) em fibroblastos humanos : https://doi.org/10.31415/bjns.v1i3.38
Authors: Feijó Larissa Loponte , De Jesus Gustavo , Carneiro Francieli Marinho , Spindola Daniel Gonsales , Oliveira Carlos Rocha
Published: November 2018

O aparelho digestivo dos insetos é formado basicamente por um longo tubo que percorre seu corpo no sentido longitudinal, desde a boca até o ânus, denominado canal digestivo ou alimentar. O espaço entre o canal alimentar e a paredes do corpo é chamado hemocele ou cavidade geral, e é grandemente ocupado por sangue (hemolinfa). Neste sentido, estudos apontam que a hemolinfa de alguns insetos, por conta da presença de substâncias com potencial farmacológico, apresenta potencial antibacteriano, antiviral, antifúngico, entre outros. Neste trabalho, avaliamos o efeito citotóxico da hemolinfa obtida, a partir da criação em laboratório, de larvas de Zophobas morio Fabricius (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae), sobre fibroblastos dérmicos humanos (CCD1072Sk – ATCC), através dos ensaios de captação do corante Tetrazoliun – MTT, método de exclusão do azul de tripano, quantificação de céluas nas diferentes fases do ciclo celular, através de citometria de fluxo e do ensaio wound healing, onde acompanhamos em tempo real a proliferação de fibroblastos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a hemolinfa de Zophobas morio Fabricius, não se mostrou citotóxica sobre a linhagem celular testada. Ao invés disso, na concentração de 10%, a hemolinfa se mostrou capaz de induzir proliferação dos fibroblastos (P<0,05).
‘EPISODES’ BY VLADISLAV KHODASEVICH
Authors: Fedotov O.
Published: November 2018

The article analyses 12 texts authored by V. Khodasevich: the poet was planning to publish them separately under the working title of The Blank Verse [Belie stikhi]. Written in an almost uninterrupted sequence, these poems are more than a cycle united by similarities in the genre and meter, but a kind of super-text that describes several episodes of post-revolutionary history, revealing their symbolic meaning as it does so. The plot develops from one poem to another, defined by the lyrical freedom and relative independence of its elements on the one hand, and by the main recurrent topics and images on the other. The article combines a biographical approach and poetic and genre-related analyses to classify Khodasevich’s works as ‘lyrical-epic novellas’ and reveal their genre-specific and metaphorical potential as well as establish their tentative context, namely, links to A. Blok’s Free Thoughts [Volnie mysli] and A. Akhmatova’s Requiem.