bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypotheses On The Origin Of Farming Community In Armenia: A View From The Birth Of Yayoi Culture In Japan
Authors: Arimura Makoto
Published: September 2022

Գյուղատնտեսությունն ամենանշանակալից գյուտերից է, որը խորապես փոխել է նախապատմական մարդության հասարակությունը։ Այն առաջացել է աշխարհի մի քանի կենտրոններում, մասնավորապես՝ Մերձավոր Արևելքում ցորենի և գարու մշակությամբ: Մերձավոր Արևելքում կատարված հնագիտական պեղումները ցույց են տվել, որ վաղ գյուղատնտեսական համայնքները հայտնվել են նեոլիթյան դարաշրջանում մ.թ.ա. 9-րդ հազարամյակում: Հարավային Կովկասում, ներառյալ Հայաստանի Հանրապետության տարածքներում, այսպես կոչված՝ «Առատաշեն-Շուլավերի-Շոմուտեփե» մշակույթը ծագել է մ.թ.ա. 6000 թվականին: Սակայն Հարավային Կովկասում գյուղատնտեսական հասարակության անցման ժամանակաշրջանը հստակ չի տարորոշված՝ տարածքում հնագիտական պեղումների սակավության պատճառով: Այս խնդիրը լուծելու համար հեղինակը հայ-ճապոնական համատեղ հետազոտական խմբի հետ միասին 2013 թ. ուսումնասիրել է «Առատաշեն-Շուլավերի-Շոմուտեփե» մշակույթին նախորդող ժամանակաշրջանի հնագիտական վայրերը: Ներկայումս վերոնշյալ հետազոտական խումբը կենտրոնանում է Արմավիրի Լեռնագոգ հնավայրի պեղումների վրա, որոնք թվագրվում են մ.թ.ա 7000–6800 թվականը։ Հայաստանում գյուղատնտեսական հասարակության առաջացման գործընթացը լիովին հասկանալու համար պահանջվում են ինտենսիվ հնագիտական աշխատանքներ: Հեղինակը, անդրադառնալով ճապոնական կղզիներում Յայոյի մշակույթի առաջացման հիմնախնդրին, այս հոդվածում նպատակ ունի ուղեցույցներ տալ Հայաստանում հետագա հնագիտական հետազոտությունների համար:
Effect of Bio-enhanced Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis Co-culture on Decontamination of Heavy Metals Content in Used Lubricating Oil Contaminated Soil
Authors: Adeleye Adeniyi Olarewaju , Yerima Mohammed Bello , Nkereuwem Micheal Edet , Onokebhagbe Victor Odiamehi , Daya Mohammed Garba
Published: September 2022

This study assessed the heavy metal decontamination potential of bio-enhanced Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis co-culture in used lubricating oil-contaminated soil. The bacterial co-culture was isolated from the soil obtained from Dutse mechanic village, Nigeria. One thousand five hundred(1500) g of sterilized soil was intentionally contaminated with used lubricating oil at three levels. The sterilized soil was biostimulated with processed compost, powdered cocoa pod husk (PCPH), and powdered cattle dung (PCD). Afterward, the mixtures were bio-augmented with the bacterial co-culture (150 mL). The concentrations of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) in the used lubricating oil contaminated soil were determined at the commencement, fifth and tenth week of the study. A factorial experiment which was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) was adopted. Results generated from the As decontamination potential of Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis co-culture indicated that all the organic amendments significantly (p<0.05) enhanced its decontamination. At the fifth week, PCPH only enhanced the most Cd decontaminations (0.01020 mg kg-1, 0.00220 mg kg-1 and 0.00150 mg kg-1) compared with other organic amendments on 5%, 10% and 15% used lubricating oil contamination levels, respectively. At the tenth week, PCD only enhanced complete removal of Cd on all used lubricating oil contamination levels compared with compost and PCPH only, which attained complete removal of Cd on 5% and 15% of used lubricating oil contamination levels, respectively. The heavy metal decontamination potential of bio-enhanced Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis co-culture witnessed in this study indicates its suitability in effecting bioremediation of heavy metal impacted environments.
Kündigungsschutz für schwerbehinderte Menschen im Arbeitsleben (SGB IX)
Authors: Zorn Gerhard
Published: September 2022

Der Leitfaden für Einsteiger und Berater

Der von Rainer Seidel begründete und von Christoph Beyer fortgeführte Praxisratgeber erscheint nun in einer vierten, vollständig überarbeiteten, neu geordneten und erweiterten Auflage von Gerhard Zorn. Dank seiner zahlreichen Praxisbeispiele und Mustertexte ist das Buch ein zuverlässiger Ratgeber für alle, die sich erstmals oder vertiefend mit dem besonderen Kündigungsschutz des SGB IX beschäftigen.

Umfassende Darstellung

Der besondere Kündigungsschutz für schwerbehinderte Menschen nach den §§ 168 ff. SGB IX ist einer der komplexesten Bereiche des Rechts von Menschen mit Behinderungen – mit Bezügen zum Arbeits- und Leistungsrecht. Das Buch gibt einen umfassenden Einblick in die Materie. Behandelt werden das Kündigungsschutzverfahren, die Anforderungen an und taktische Tipps für den Vortrag der Beteiligten – aber auch deren Mitwirkungspflichten.

Mit Empfehlungen und Beispielen aus der Praxis

Der Autor erläutert die Praxis der Integrationsämter bei personen-, verhaltens- oder betriebsbedingten Kündigungen sowie die Besonderheiten bei der Änderungs- und der außerordentlichen Kündigung, im Kleinbetrieb und bei kirchlichen Arbeitgebern. Er zeigt mit vielen Beispielen und Empfehlungen aus der Praxis, welche Fristen zu beachten sind und auf welche Fakten es im Vortrag der Parteien ankommt. Auch das Widerspruchs- und Gerichtsverfahren werden anschaulich dargestellt.

Wissen, worauf es ankommt

Gestützt auf seine langjährige Praxiserfahrung erörtert der Autor ausführlich die neueste arbeits- und verwaltungsgerichtliche Rechtsprechung. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt auf den gesetzlichen Präventionsanforderungen an die Arbeitgeber einschließlich des betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements (BEM) nach § 167 SGB IX, die nach der Rechtsprechung im Kündigungsschutzverfahren eine maßgebliche Rolle spielen. Aber auch die Rechte schwerbehinderter Beschäftigter gegenüber dem Arbeitgeber nach § 164 Abs. 4 SGB IX werden erläutert, da sie für die Entscheidung des Integrationsamtes maßgeblich sein können.

Kompetenter Autor

Der Verfasser ist Jurist und verfügt über 20 Jahre praktische Erfahrung beim Thema Kündigungsschutz. Er leitete zunächst den Widerspruchsbereich sowie anschließend 15 Jahre die Abteilung Kündigungsschutz/ Begleitende Hilfe beim LVR-Integrationsamt (heute LVR-Inklusionsamt).

Der Ratgeber richtet sich vor allem an

Schwerbehindertenvertretungen,

Betriebs- und Personalräte sowie

Inklusionsbeauftragte des Arbeitgebers nach § 181 SGB IX, aber auch an

Rechtsanwältinnen, Rechtsanwälte und

Mitarbeitende in den Integrations- bzw. Inklusionsämtern.
Die Gesetzliche Rentenversicherung
Authors: Marburger Dietmar
Published: September 2022

Die wichtigsten Grundlagen der Rentenversicherung

Der Autor behandelt zunächst die Versicherungspflicht und gibt hierbei u.a. einen Überblick über

den pflichtigen Personenkreis, die »Scheinselbständigen« und die Versicherungspflicht auf Antrag. Weitere Schwerpunkte des Buches sind die freiwillige Versicherung sowie der Beginn und das Ende der Versicherungspflicht.

Detailliert dargestellt werden die Versicherungsfreiheit, z.B. bei geringfügiger Beschäftigung (Minijob), und die Befreiung von der Versicherungspflicht.

Die Meldepflichten des Arbeitgebers

Der Autor erörtert ausführlich die Meldepflicht des Arbeitgebers, die Beitragssätze und die Beitragsbemessungsgrundlagen. Dabei werden auch die verschiedenen Leistungen der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung einschließlich der neuen Grundrente aufgezeigt.

Die Neuerungen der Grundrente

Das Gesetz zum Grundrentenzuschlag ist am 1. Januar 2021 in Kraft getreten. Der Grundrentenzuschlag muss nicht beantragt werden. Wenn ein Anspruch besteht, zahlt die Rentenversicherung den Zuschlag automatisch mit der Rente aus.

Die zusätzliche betriebliche Altersvorsorge

Schließlich behandelt der Ratgeber auch die zusätzlichen Absicherungen, etwa die Riester-Rente oder die betriebliche Altersvorsorge.

Die schnelle Orientierungshilfe für die Praxis

Der Praxisleitfaden bringt für Beraterinnen, Berater und Versicherte gleichermaßen die notwendige Klarheit im Umgang mit dem komplizierten Bereich der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung.
Selbsterkenntnis und Erfahrung der Einheit
Authors: Beierwaltes Werner
Published: September 2022

The relation of self-knowledge and experience of the unity of the self's own and absolute ground is a central thought in the philosophy of Plotinus. In a movement of inner "ascent" thinking becomes aware of its own self – the thinking One in it. Plotin's imperative: "Let go of everything" points to the essentially processual character of philosophizing: at the end of the comprehending self-awareness developing in the course of the universal movement of abstraction stands the self-transgression of thinking as its utmost possibility, coming to it from its own ground of unity. This book analyzes this basic idea on the basis of an in-depth interpretation of Plotinus' Ennead V 3, gives a new translation of the Greek text, and explains the concepts and forms of thought that essentially determine it. It elaborates the historical context of the concept of "self-knowledge" in view of the Platonic tradition, suggests a reasonable concept of philosophical mysticism and highlights important cues for the medieval and modern discussion of "self-consciousness".
Shock Pathophysiology: Classifications and Management
Authors: Belgaumi Numair , Salik Ahmed , ur Rehman Siddiqui Naveed
Published: September 2022

Shock is a pathological state in which there is an insufficiency in oxygen supply and demand. Ultimately, it results in global hypoperfusion and a resulting increase in anaerobic respiration causing lactic acidosis. Maintaining adequate oxygen delivery in the critical care setting is of primary importance in the management of a critically ill patient. When oxygen supply is inadequate, the body undergoes several physiological changes to maintain the oxygen delivery requirements and perfusion pressure. This stage is referred to as compensated shock, and early signs of shock may be appreciated during this stage. When compensatory mechanisms are inadequate and DO2 begins to fall beyond the critical point, shock has progressed to the uncompensated stage. During this stage, there is rapid deterioration of the patient due to prolonged hypoxia and anaerobic respiration. Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is the development of potentially reversible physiological derangement involving two or more organ systems not involved in the causative disorder, which results in persisting states of shock, sepsis and hypoperfusion and a major cause of high mortality in the intensive care unit reaching a range of 11–54% in septic pediatric patients. The final stage of shock is irreversible shock, which is also referred to as refractory shock. This final stage of shock carries a 96–99% mortality rate.
Multistage Classification and Segmentation of Brain MR Image Using Modified Soft Computing Techniques
Authors: Sethuram Rao G. , Vydeki D.
Published: September 2022

Recent studies indicate that brain tumor is one of the major causes of human casualties. Timely and accurate diagnosis of this life taking disease could reduce the casualty rate and extend the life of a person. In this research paper, techniques for brain tumor detection from MR Images with malignancy using modified soft computing approaches are presented and analyzed. An automated tumor detection system using artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed to classify the images as any of the four classes: Glioblastoma multiforme, Meningioma, secondary tumor-Metastasis and No Tumor. The classified image undergoes a segmentation process that predicts the size of the tumor in terms of pixels. Traditionally, conventional self-organizing map (CSOM) and Conventional back Propagation network (CBPN) are used for classification and segmentation respectively. However, these methods provide less accurate results in addition to high computational complexity. Moreover, due to unstable target weights, the number of iterations is large. These drawbacks are overcome in the proposed technique by developing a modified SOM (MSOM) for classification of images and modified BPN (MBPN) for segmentation. Simulated results show that the proposed modifications minimize the computational complexity without compromising on the accuracy. It is shown that MSOM increases the accuracy of classification by 10% compared to its conventional counterpart. Similarly segmentation accuracy is improved by 8% using MBPN.
The Development of an Empathy Curriculum (Empathy in Health) for Healthcare Students Using VR Technology
Authors: Papageorgiou Alexia , Leinweber Julia , Böhm Kerstin , Constantinou Constantina , Kolokotroni Ourania , Kapreli Eleni , Savvoulidou Konstantina , Strimpakos Nikos , Knais Christiana , Horlait Melissa , Papastamatiou Nikos , Papadopoullou Chrystalleni
Published: September 2022

Empathy in Health is an Erasmus + funded project, which aims to design a curriculum for empathetic skill development in healthcare practitioners and home carers based on up-to-date evidence and cutting-edge technology tools. A literature review was carried out that focused on empathy in health care using VR technology. The results of the literature review helped develop a focus group guide for the purposes of the qualitative part of the need assessment exercise. The data from the focus groups were transcribed and analysed using the methodology of content analysis. The themes that emerged from the analysis of the focus groups’ data lent themselves to three major working areas. These informed the development of the qualification framework, which in turn informed the development of the detailed curriculum. The Empathy in Health curriculum involves 21-hour classroom teaching, 3-hour Asynchronous Electronic Learning and 6-hour Directed Self Learning for graduate students or final year undergraduate students or Health Care Professionals. The curriculum covers understanding empathy and competencies necessary for empathy, understanding empathy in relationships and information exchanges in different health care contexts/environments, showing empathy in diverse environments and overcoming barriers/challenges to empathy.
Metal 3D-Printing of Waveguide Components and Antennas: Guidelines and New Perspectives
Authors: García-Vigueras María , Polo-Lopez Lucas , Stoumpos Charalampos , Dorlé Aurélie , Molero Carlos , Gillard Raphaël
Published: September 2022

This chapter intends to show the strong potential brought by metal 3D-printing to the field of waveguide components and antennas. General co-design guidelines are firstly provided. These guidelines enable to benefit from the advantages associated to metal 3D-printing. The implementation of filters and ortho-mode transducers is considered, together with horns and slotted antennas. Finally, multifunctional periodic structures benefiting from metal 3D-printing are discussed.
The Eating Disorder’s Society
Authors: José Labora González Juan , Soto-Casás Pablo
Published: September 2022

Feeding has been subjected to a process of medicalization throughout history that has caused its perception to be assimilated to the intake of nutrients. However, it is necessary to conceive feeding as a total social phenomenon. That is to say, a phenomenon that impregnates food and the practices that surround it with different meanings. It is therefore necessary to understand how certain social dynamics (secularization, rationalization, bureaucratization) have modified the way we feed ourselves and how we interpret food itself. This, in turn, has generated a series of negative meanings that have influenced how we perceive the body and the image of people. The calculability of nutrients and an unrealistic and unattainable image canon for people have been installed. Thus, a social food imaginary has been created based on a whole series of myths that are transmitted through social networks and that produce that the society in which we live has become an obesogenic and lipophobic society. It is therefore necessary to understand how the social imaginary of fat and fatness has been constructed in order to understand how people perceive their body image and how this can be altered.
Brazil’s Digital Politics and the Crisis of Democracy (2013-2018)
Authors: Ferreira do Vale Hélder
Published: September 2022

Brazil is the fourth biggest digital democracy in the world, only after India, Indonesia, and the USA, with over one hundred and thirty million citizens having internet access. In Brazil, the more widespread internet and social media users have been increasingly associated with political polarization and antipartisanship. Also, wider access to digital information technology has meant that Brazilian internet users became more exposed to disinformation. In this context of polarization and antipartisanship, digital media helped to produce critical changes in the Brazilian political dynamics leading Brazil to a democratic crisis. This chapter explores the crisis of democracy in Brazil considering the country’s transition to becoming a digital democracy in 2014 when more than half of the population started having access to internet. To this end, the chapter process traces the critical political events that contributed to the Brazilian crisis of democracy as digital media normalized polarized and antisystem political discourses. This chapter concludes that digital politics poses considerable challenges to Brazilian democracy and proposes adequate institutional responses to digital social activism, suitable regulations of the new digital public spaces, and the elaboration of a new social contract to govern social and political dynamics considering the detrimental impacts of technological innovation on politics.
Comparison of Different Phenotypic Methods of Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus with Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: GUPTA Nupur , JAİS Manoj , SHRİVASTAVA Priyanshu Kumar , SHARMA Aditi
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The objective of the current study was to compare the diagnostic methods of Oxacillin Disk Diffusion, Cefoxitin Disk Diffusion, Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base, and CHROM Agar MRSA with the gold-standard method of Polymerase Chain Reaction for detection of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods: Two hundred pus samples were included in the study from which Staphylococcus strains were evaluated. The isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were subjected to the Oxacillin Disk Diffusion test, Cefoxitin Disk Diffusion test, Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base, and CHROM Agar MRSA to detect MRSA with PCR, the reference standard. The diagnostic techniques were compared to their sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values.

Results: The sensitivity of the Cefoxitin Disk Diffusion test was 100%, followed by CHROM Agar MRSA at 96.7%, Oxacillin Disk Diffusion at 90%, and Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base at 86.7%. Most specific was the Cefoxitin Disk Diffusion test (99.4%), followed by Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base (98.8%), CHROM Agar MRSA (97.7%), and the least specific was the Oxacillin Disk Diffusion test (96.5%).

Conclusion: The Cefoxitin Disk Diffusion test was the most sensitive and specific of all four methods, next to the Polymerase Chain Reaction. However, future multicentric studies are recommended to test this method across all prevalent centers of methicillin resistance. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 12(3):116-126.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart as a method of long-term monitoring of right heart function after tetralogy of Fallot surgery
Authors: Milinković Biljana , Milić Jelena , Bokonjić Dejan , Prodanović Verica , Joksimović Bojan , Ristić Siniša
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is considered the reference diagnostic method for quantifying right ventricular size and function, and pulmonary regurgitation in patients with tetralogy of Fallot surgery. The aim of this paper is to confirm the importance of magnetic resonance continuous postoperative monitoring of right and left heart function parameters as a diagnostic method that provides the most precise and accurate assessment.

Methods. The prospective observational study included subjects with TOF surgery who were diagnosed with residual morphological and/or functional disorders on control postoperative echocardiographic examinations. All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the heart on a 1.5 T scanner with dedicated coils for the heart surface according to the standard protocol for a period of one year from the beginning of the study. Criteria for exclusion from the study were: significant residual pulmonary stenosis, condition after pulmonary valve replacement, existence of residual shunt lesions, contraindications for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (pacemaker, ICD, claustrophobia). Depending on the time elapsed since the tetralogy of Fallot surgery, the subjects were divided into groups: more than 15 years, 11−15 years, 6−10 years, less than 5 years.

Results. The study included 131 subjects with an average age of 24.18 ± 11.57 years with complete correction of TOF. Intergroup differences in values of right ventricular enddiastolic volume, right ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular ejection fraction were demonstrated, but there was no statistically significant intergroup difference in values of pulmonary regurgitation fraction. The negative interaction of the right and left ventricles intensifies during the years of follow-up of patients after TOF surgery, which is especially true fifteen years after surgery.

Conclusion. CMR has the most significant role in research efforts aimed at improving the outcomes of operated patients with tetralogy of Fallot.
Prevention of thromboembolism in orthopedic surgery: Application of rivaroxaban in arthroplastic procedures
Authors: Lešić Aleksandar , Matić Slađana
Published: September 2022

Arthroplastic surgeries, the installation of total hip and knee prostheses are expanding, as a consequence of the increasing elderly population and the consequent increase in degenerative joint diseases. Prolonged life expectancy has also increased the number of patients with hip fractures requiring surgical treatment. In both groups of patients there is a marked risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), which as serious complications, both during and after hospitalization, can be fatal. Therefore, prevention of DVT is necessary in all these patients. This article presents widely used methods of mechanical prophylaxis in orthopedic practice, along with essential methods of pharmacological prophylaxis, which include aspirin, vitamin K antagonists, unfractionated heparin (UFH), and also more modern low molecular weight heparins (LMWH), as well as new preparations - direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC), with special reference to rivaroxaban. It is recommended that in patients with hip fractures and patients after arthroplastic procedures, DVT prophylaxis is applied for 42 days before and after the operation.
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS): The role of medications in improvement of quality of life
Authors: Vuksanović Aleksandar
Published: September 2022

The treatment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is a significant part of everyday clinical practice, not only for urologists but also for general practitioners. Symptoms of the lower urinary tract include symptoms of urine storage, emptying (bladder) and post-micturition symptoms. Almost half of the men at the beginning of the 6th decade of life have, more or less pronounced, symptoms of bladder emptying disorders. These symptoms significantly affect the quality of life, not only of the patient, but also of his family and often significantly disrupt daily work activities. The causes of their occurrence can be numerous, from prostate enlargement and histological changes in the prostate to various neurological diseases. The diagnostic procedures that are performed are aimed at determining the cause of their occurrence. The most common cause is - the prostate and contrary to the patient's opinion, there is no absolute correlation between prostate size and the severity of symptoms. LUTS therapy is aimed at improving the quality of life, preventing the occurrence of complications of the disease and reducing the risk of the need for surgical treatment. The number of surgical interventions, in order to treat LUTS, has significantly decreased compared to the period 2-3 decades ago. The reason is the available drug therapy, which has significantly fulfilled the goals of treatment. There are several groups of drugs that are used: Phyto preparations - Alpha 1 blockers (a1 adrenoceptor antagonists), 5 Alpha-reductase inhibitors (5-ARI inhibitors), muscarinic receptor antagonists, 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE 5 inhibitors), beta 3 agonist. Today, in the treatment of LUTS, combination therapy is most often used. It involves the use of two, and sometimes more drugs, which are given in a targeted manner depending on the predominant symptoms.
Urban plan as a precondition for continuous and directed development: The example of the Nikola Tesla Airport
Authors: Lalošević Marija , Đerić Jelena
Published: September 2022

Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport, as a complex of strategic importance for the Republic of Serbia, has been the subject of planning, study and design elaboration through several urban planning documents in different periods. Although the realization of the basic planning settings for the development of Belgrade Airport, formulated in 1972 and 1985, was accompanied by economic difficulties and changes in the dynamics and phases of realization, the strategic concept of development of this complex remained unchanged. Further development of the airport through the construction of the second runway, improvement of existing and construction of new facilities in order to increase capacity, monitor trends in air traffic development and growth of passenger and goods traffic, was confirmed through the Master Plan of Belgrade and the Plan of General Regulation of the building area of local self-government units' seats - City od Belgrade, both documents from 2016. A new planning document, the Plan of Detailed Regulation for the airport "Nikola Tesla Belgrade", was adopted in 2020. The Paper analyzes the spatial conditions, gives a historical overview of planning and realization of the area and presents the urban planning solutions for the development of the Airport "Nikola Tesla Belgrade", with a planning horizon until 2043.
Peace and the rule of law: A brief theoretical overview
Authors: Avramović Dragutin
Published: September 2022

Having in mind that peace is a basic, universal social and legal value and a substantial prerequisite for realising all other values, the author observes the complex relationship between peace and the rule of law. In that relationship of mutual dependence, one of the disputable matters could be the fact that the issue resembles a chicken-and-egg dilemma: which of the two values is the preceding factor, which one is older, which one should be considered the cause and which one the consequence? Is peace a necessary environment for the rule of law establishing, or the rule of law is a necessary prerequisite for peace? The answer to this question depends primarily on how the rule of law is perceived. Following the prevalent view that the rule of law is a formal/material concept, which implies that it has both institutional and value aspects, the author takes a standpoint that the value-openness of the rule of law concept should be regarded as its advantage rather than a weakness. The author criticises the one-sided perception of the rule of law based exclusively on the ideology and values of liberalism and the tendency among western countries to present that vision of the rule of law as the only one that can ensure peace. According to the position of liberal scholars, without 'liberal peace', war and disorder would govern. However, the reality proves that imposition and export of a liberal version of the rule of law and the tendency to establish universal 'liberal peace' could also feed wars and conflicts. Correlation between peace and the rule of law is required but is not necessary (if one perceives the rule of law in its 'thinnest' form - the existence of an order). However, without peace, it is impossible to establish any kind of value-based 'thick' rule of law. On the other hand, no one-sided value-burdened vision of the rule of law is a necessary prerequisite for the existence of peace and order. The author believes that if there is a wish to take a step in the direction of 'perpetual peace' in Kant's sense, the necessary presumption is tolerance and open-mindedness toward different ideological (value) models of the rule of law.
Parenting styles as predictors of formal operational thinking in adolescents
Authors: Živković-Rančić Žana , Todorović Jelisaveta
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a study on whether parenting styles as assessed by adolescents are statistically significant predictors of formal operational thinking. For the purposes of the study the following instruments were used: an adapted version of the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire, which measures the dimensions of authoritarian, authoritative and permissive styles, and Bond's Logical Operations Test. 200 students of the Technical High School in Pirot participated in the research (54.5% boys; average age 17 years). The study confirmed the principal hypothesis that parenting styles are a statistically significant predictor of formal operational thinking. With regard to the mother's parenting style, the dimensions of Attachment (with a positive b coefficient) and Lack of Explanation (with a negative b coefficient) contribute to the prediction of formal operational thinking. As for the father's parenting style, it is the dimensions of Regulation (with a positive b coefficient) and Coercion (with a negative b coefficient) that contribute to the prediction of formal operational thinking. The principal conclusion of the study is that certain parenting styles contribute significantly to the development of formal operational thinking in adolescents. A better understanding of the role of parenting styles in the development of formal operations could contribute to the fostering of positive parenting styles, which would in turn stimulate overall cognitive development, including the development of formal operations.
The use of assistive technology for communication in the education of students with developmental disabilities: Teacher self-reports
Authors: Arsenić Ivana , Jovanović-Simić Nadica , Daničić Zorica
Published: September 2022

Assistive technology (AT) includes a wide range of technological devices or systems used to improve the functional abilities of persons with communication disorders. The achievement of students with communication disorders in inclusive education is related to teachers' knowledge of assistive technology and their skills in using it. The aim of our research was to determine how class teachers, subject teachers and special education teachers rate their knowledge of AT and their level of competence in using it, and also to compare the competence levels of respondents of these different professions. The sample consisted of 136 respondents of both sexes, 31.6% of whom were class teachers and 27.2% subject teachers in regular primary schools, as well as 25% special education teachers and 16.2% subject teachers working in special needs primary schools in Belgrade and Novi Sad. The analysis of results suggests that respondents see themselves as moderately competent in using AT, and that there is a statistically significant difference in the level of competence between respondents of different professions (F = 18.12, p < .01). No statistically significant difference was found in the level of competence depending on sex or years of service. The results show that respondents assess differently their level of knowledge and skills regarding the use of assistive technology, and that teaching staff in regular primary schools lack training in this field.
Identification of hazardous location in urban area
Authors: Ketin Sonja , Kostić Boban
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the identification of hazardous locations in the event of a sudden release of hazardous chemicals. In accident situations, the risk is assessed on the basis of various methods and an action plan is determined which aims to minimize the risk. Accident situations in which PCB and Dioxin was spilled in large quantities were analyzed. The methodologies of the World Health Organization, the American EPA and the United Nations were used in the paper. The most important detected locations in the urban environment are presented on the map.
On the degree Kirchhoff index of bipartite graphs
Authors: Bozkurt Altindağ , Milovanović I. , Matejić M. , Milovanović E.
Published: September 2022

Let G = (V,E), V = {v1, v2,..., vn}, be a connected graph of order n and size m. Denote by g1 ≥ g2 ≥ ··· ≥ gn-1 > gn = 0 the normalized Laplacian eigenvalues of G. The degree Kirchhoff index is defined as K f * (G) = 2m∑ n-1 i=1 1 gi . In this paper, we obtain some improved lower bounds on the degree Kirchhoff index of bipartite graphs.
Creating a stop word dictionary in Serbian
Authors: Marovac U.A. , Avdić A.M. , Ljajić A.B.
Published: September 2022

By using natural language processing techniques, it is possible to get a lot of information from the extraction of document topics through mapping of document key words or content-based classification of documents, etc. To get this information, an important step is to separate words that carries informative value in a sentence from those words that do not affect its meaning. By using dictionaries of stop words specific to each natural language, the marking of words that do not carry meaning in the sentence is achieved. This paper presents creating a stop word dictionary in Serbian. The influence of stop words to the text processing is presented on three different data set. It is shown that by using proposed dictionary of Serbian stop words the data set dimension is reduced from 15% to 39%, while the quality of the obtained n-gram language models is improved.
Central European preparation for the European integration
Authors: Becsey Zsolt
Published: September 2022

In addition to the author's scientific work, the study -based on pragmatic experiences -analyses the factors that characterized Central European countries before the change of regime (1990) and then the foreign economic model through which Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia ("Visegrád 4") reached EU membership in 2004. The study highlighted that, with different depths, in all countries concerned economic policies were characterized by liberal bankruptcy regulations and strict conditions of competition, so that they could prove their ability to meet the condition of a functioning market economy for EU membership1. The export-oriented model, built on efficient inflow of foreign direct investment and high-tech in the early 1990s, was implemented by the late 1990s to demonstrate that these states were ready to meet another condition of EU membership, namely to meet the challenges of the internal market.2 This transformation represented a problem for the current account balance in the 1990s (mainly due to the loss of traditional national export capacities) only in the middle of the decade, and it was only at the end of the decade that trade balances showed surplus with the EU. The total external equilibrium of the Visegrád countries was maintained by the fact that the inflow of FDI had not yet started to conclude in the withdrawal of profits from recent investments in Central Europe, and the countervailing effect of EU net transfers, which began to arrive later parallelly with the start of the withdrawal of FDI dividends. The CEFTA co-operation concluded in 1992 followed the economic liberalization timetable of that of the Visegrád Four with the EU parallelly but did not go beyond its depth for political prudence, thus providing full opening to each other only after and through EU membership, more precisely the liberalisation in services or in sensitive agricultural trade. The CEFTA treaty was expanded to the Balkans after 1995 and has been and is still a good example for countries that do not want to stay in an ex-Soviet or ex-Yugoslav economic integration but is a good method for them to prepare for the earliest possible EU membership.
Exclusion of a response to the appeal in the right to reply litigation: On the constitutionality of the one-sided appeal concept
Authors: Keča Ranko , Knežević Marko
Published: September 2022

Serbian Law on Public Information and Media, following its predecessor, prescribes so called one-sided appeal against a judgment in a litigation over the right to respond to information-appeal is not submitted to the other party. In addition, in such litigation, revision (second instance appeal on points of law) is inadmissible. In this paper such major exception to the general rules of civil procedure is examined with regard to its constitutionality. It turns out that the concept of one-sided appeal is partially unconstitutional, in the sense of limiting the right to be heard as part of the right to a fair trial. After denying the possibility of teleological reduction, one of the two possible ways of legislative solution is proposed, and that is simply abandoning the concept of one-sidedness of the appeal.
Taxi transport, internet platforms and market liberalization
Authors: Perišić Đorđe
Published: September 2022

Thinking about the legal regulation of the taxi services market in countries and cities around the world never stops. The emergence and use of internet platforms in the organization of passenger transport in large cities has led to the fact that anyone can find themselves in the role of a person who performs transport. Thus, taxi transport gained direct competitors, because it is clear that these two transport markets are largely substitutes. However, the existing, strict regulation of the taxi market does not recognize internet platforms and as such, prevents their functioning. The introduction of internet platforms in the transport system and their functioning in full capacity, as their creators imagined, means the previous abolition of numerous market restrictions on the taxi market, ie. liberalization. On the other hand, the existing market restrictions on the taxi market conflict with the liberal economic concept, present primarily in the European Union, but also in the Balkan countries. This is another reason why deregulation of this market can be expected. The paper presents the characteristics of this market and identifies the most important issues of the current legislation of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina that could be disputable in the process of possible deregulation. The direction in which changes in national legislation will go can be seen to some extent by analyzing the current legal framework of the European Union and the case law of the Court of Justice.
Recognition and enforcement of maintenance decisions in accordance with the 2007 Hague Maintenance Convention: On the occasion of the beginning of application of a new source of Serbian private international law
Authors: Đundić Petar
Published: September 2022

Starting from 1 February 2021 Serbia is under an obligation to apply the 2007 Hague Convention on the International Recovery of Child Support and Other Forms of Family Maintenance. This is a new source introducing significant changes in Serbian private international law. Apart from provisions on administrative cooperation between contracting states' central authorities with an aim to simply and accelerate recovery of maintenance in international context, the Convention contains detailed provisions on recognition and enforcement of maintenance decisions, reasons for its refusal and, which is a particular novelty in comparison to previous international convention, procedural rules that a court of another competent body of the requested state should apply while deciding on the issue. The paper discusses the main features of the recognition and enforcement mechanism established by the Convention and, in particular, certain issues that Serbian courts might face as a result of the interaction between provisions of the Convention and Serbian law.
Holistic teaching and the holistic theory of the law
Authors: Mitrović Dragan
Published: September 2022

Holistic understanding has existed since time immemorial, though without holistic theories of the law. The contemporary development of the theory of the law is characterised by an increased interest of philosophers and scientists in holistic learning as a result of an ever-increasing strengthening of the belief in the existence of a complex Web of permeation and interdependence between the world, society, state and the law. All holistic and legal teachings contain one essential shortcoming: the existing and possible holistic links between nature, society, state and the law are static in its substance. They come to life only when legal models are made and examined by computer simulation. Then holism comes to life in the virtual world. This means that for the first time in human history, alongside the real world is being established a new, alternative path or approach to that virtual (metha)world. So far, scientists and jurists have dealt with the real world. Perhaps time has come for them to start exploring the new virtual world and its relationship with the real world. The state and the law are definitely a part of both those worlds.
Assessing the Evidence on the Differential Impact of Menthol versus Non-menthol Cigarette Use on Smoking Dependence in the US Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Mimi M. , Curtin Geoffrey M.
Published: September 2022

Background: Menthol's effect on cigarette smoking behaviors is an intensely scrutinized US public health issue. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the question: Does menthol cigarette use have a differential impact on smoking dependence compared with non-menthol
cigarette use? Methods: We consulted 6 databases from inception to October 15, 2021. We included articles comparing menthol versus non-menthol cigarette smokers against predefined smoking dependence outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the AHRQ Evidence-Based Practice Center approach.
We applied a random-effects model to pool adjusted odds ratios. Results: We synthesized 37 demographically adjusted studies. Meta-analytic results suggested non-menthol smokers were equally/more likely to report daily versus non-daily smoking; menthol use was associated with needing
a cigarette within one hour; cigarettes per day was not associated with menthol use; menthol use was associated with a low (vs high) Heaviness of Smoking Index score; and results were either non-significant or associated menthol use with lower TTFC. Conclusions: Despite consistently
good or fair quality adjusted studies across several measures, results were discordant depending on measures used and means of measurement. Overall, the evidence is insufficient to draw clear conclusions on a differential association between menthol (vs non-menthol) cigarette use and smoking
dependence.
Certification of Standard Reference Material 915c calcium carbonate
Authors: Vetter Thomas W , Waters Jason F , Pintar Adam L
Published: September 2022

Standard Reference Material (SRM) 915c Calcium Carbonate is certified as a chemical substance of known purity. It is intended for use in the calibration and standardization of procedures for calcium (Ca) determinations employed in clinical analysis and for routine critical evaluation of the daily working standards used in these procedures. A unit of SRM 915c consists of a single glass bottle containing 20 g of the material. This publication documents the production, analytical methods, and computations involved in characterizing this product.
Certification of Standard Reference Material 917d D-Glucose (Dextrose)
Authors: Nelson Michael A , Mulloor Jerome , Lang Brian E , Toman Blaza
Published: September 2022

Standard Reference Material (SRM) 917d D-Glucose (Dextrose) is certified as a chemical substance of known high purity. It is intended for use in calibrating measuring systems for glucose determinations employed in clinical analysis. A unit of SRM 917d consists of one bottle containing 50 g of crystalline D-glucose. This publication documents the production, analytical methods, and computations involved in characterizing this product.
Application of Thematic Modeling Methods in Text Topic Recognition Tasks to Detect Telephone Fraud
Authors: Pleshakova Ekaterina Sergeevna , Gataullin Sergei Timurovich , Osipov Aleksei Viktorovich , Romanova Ekaterina Vladimirovna , Marun'ko Anna Sergeevna
Published: September 2022

The Internet has emerged as a powerful infrastructure for worldwide communication and human interaction. Some unethical use of this technology spam, phishing, trolls, cyberbullying, viruses caused problems in the development of mechanisms that guarantee affordable and safe opportunities for its use. Currently, many studies are being conducted to detect spam and phishing. The detection of telephone fraud has become critically important, as it entails huge losses. Machine learning and natural language processing algorithms are used to analyze a huge amount of text data. Fraudsters are identified using text mining and can be implemented by analyzing the terms of a word or phrase. One of the difficult tasks is to divide this huge unstructured data into clusters. There are several thematic modeling models for these purposes. This article presents the application of these models, in particular LDA, LSI and NMF. A data set has been formed. A preliminary analysis of the data was carried out and signs were constructed for models in the task of recognizing the subject of the text. The approaches of keyword extraction in the tasks of text topic recognition are considered. The key concepts of these approaches are given. The disadvantages of these models are shown, and directions for improving text processing algorithms are proposed. The evaluation of the quality of the models was carried out. Improved models thanks to the selection of hyperparameters and changing the data preprocessing function.