bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Lower Extremity Movement Patterns and ACL Loading in CAI Patients Across Varied Ankle Sprain Frequencies within a Year
Authors: Zhang Zeyi , Wei Shengmeng , Shi Hanlin , Sun youping
Published: June 2024

Purpose
To investigate the relationship between the biomechanical characteristics of lower extremity and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) loading during single-leg landing in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) who have different ankle sprain frequencies within a year.
Study Design:
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
Methods
Ankle sprain occurrences among 74 participants were meticulously documented over one year. The participants were systematically classified into groups based on the monitoring data regarding the frequency of ankle sprains over the course of this year, ranging from 2 to 6 or more incidents. Kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic data were collected while participants performed a single-leg landing task. Lower extremity muscle force and ACL loading were modeled using OpenSim software.
Results
CAI patients with more than four ankle sprains had higher peak ACL loading during single-leg landing than those with only two or three ankle sprains (P < 0.05). Additionally, CAI patients with more than four ankle sprains exhibited a limited range of ankle dorsiflexion and biceps femoris muscle strength, which was significantly correlated with ACL loading (P < 0.05). CAI patients with more than 5 ankle sprains had greater ankle inversion angle, inversion angular velocity, vertical ground reaction force (GRF), rectus femoris muscle strength, and lower gastrocnemius, soleus muscle force during single-leg landing, and these biomechanical indices were significantly correlated with ACL strain (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Based on these findings, it appears that experiencing four ankle sprains within a year might be a threshold for the development of knee compensation in CAI patients. This compensation could result in a significant increase in ACL loading. The study also found that CAI patients with more than four ankle sprains commonly exhibited altered motor characteristics such as limited ankle dorsiflexion angle, increased ankle inversion angle, excessive vertical GRF, and insufficient gastrocnemius and soleus muscle force during the landing phase. These characteristics might be responsible for the observed increase in ACL loading.
Effect of early endothelial function improvement on subclinical target organ damage in hypertensives
Authors: Huang Xiaodong , Huang Xianwei , Pan Mandong , Lin Jiyan , Xie Liangdi
Published: June 2024

Endothelial dysfunction is acknowledged as a marker for subclinical target organ damage (STOD) in hypertension, though its therapeutic potential has not yet been clarified. This study assessed whether early endothelial function improvement (EEFI) reduced STOD in patients with essential hypertension (EH). We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 503 EH patients initially free from STOD. Endothelial function was assessed using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), with values ≤ 7.1% indicating dysfunction. Patients were initially categorized by endothelial status (dysfunction: n = 192, normal: n = 311), and further divided into improved or unimproved groups based on changes within three months post-enrollment. During a median follow-up of 25 months, 195 patients developed STOD. The incidence of STOD was significantly higher in patients initially dysfunctional compared to those with normal function. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the improved group had a lower cumulative incidence of STOD compared to the unimproved group (p < 0.05). Multivariable Cox regression confirmed EEFI (HR = 0.56, 95%CI 0.36–0.87) as an independent protective factor against STOD in EH patients, particularly in males, overweight individuals, and non-diabetics. In conclusion, EEFI significantly reduces STOD incidence in EH patients initially exhibiting endothelial dysfunction, especially in specific subgroups, emphasizing the need for early intervention in endothelial function to prevent STOD.
Cuffless Wearable Sphygmomanometers using Dual Digital Optical Frequency Combs in Chalcogenide Chips
Authors: Zhang Xuming , Zhong Ruifeng , Pan Jingshun , Li Qiang , Li Luya , Xu Yi , Fu Zhihao , Yang Shuixian , YU Changyuan , Lu Chao , Li Zhaohui
Published: June 2024

Sphygmomanometers often inflate a rubber cuff wrapped around the upper arm to measure blood pressure. However, the cuff is uncomfortable and inconvenient, making it highly desirable to develop cuffless sphygmomanometers for continuous monitoring of blood pressure in emergencies and healthcare. Electrical and optical blood pressure sensors provide high sensitivity but often suffer from limited pressure range, temperature drift, slow response and poor wearability. To address the aforementioned limitations, we design and demonstrate a unique cuffless wearable blood pressure sensor (dimensions of 12 mm x 2 mm x 0.5 mm) equipped with two original components: a GeSbS/AsS chalcogenide dual-microring chip as the pressure sensing unit for high sensitivity and wide pressure range, and a dual digital optical frequency comb (DDOFC) system as the detection unit for fast response and low-cost detection. Our sensor is comparable to reported electrical and optical blood pressure sensors in its detection limit (23 Pa) but has a 10-times faster response rate (2 kHz), a 1,000-times longer stable operation (> 4.3x10^7 cycles) and a well-compensated temperature drift (< 0.012 pm/°C) that eliminates the need for temperature control. Our work holds great promise for wearable electronics, mobile healthcare, and human-computer interactions. Moreover, its 2-kHz fast response would enable the capture of previously inaccessible transient details of cardiovascular conditions for critical applications such as in-surgery blood pressure monitoring, orthostatic hypotension studies and unexplored early detection of potential myocardial ischemia and strokes.
In vitro conservation of Agave sisalana germplasm under slow growth conditions
Authors: Tavares Priscila Fonseca , Nepomuceno Cristina Ferreira , Costa Maria Angelica P. de Carrvalho , Wyzykowski Jair , Soares Ana Cristina Fermino
Published: June 2024

The increasing demand for natural hard fibers has stimulated sisal (Agave sisalana) fiber production and exportation. Plant germplasm conservation is essential to preserve their genetic diversity and it is a vital tool for plant selection, breeding, and in vitro propagation. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of the osmotic regulator’s mannitol and sorbitol, as well as the growth regulator paclobutrazol on A. sisalana in vitro morphological responses and to develop in vitro conservation protocols for this species. The in vitro conservation of A. sisalana was evaluated with two experiments: I – with sorbitol and mannitol, at concentrations of 0; 87; 174 and 261 mM, and with 87 mM sucrose, corresponding to the osmotic potentials of -0.217; -0.437; -0.655 and -0.873 MPa, and II – with paclobutrazol (PBZ) at concentrations of 0; 3; 6; 9; 12 and 15 μM. Mannitol at 261 mM (-0.873 MPa) promoted the slowest growth of sisal plants in vitro, with growth reduction of 288.6%, when compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, this treatment did not affect the percentage of plant regeneration and multiplication after 12 months of cultivation. Paclobutrazol at 15 µM promoted a reduction of 93.5% in plant height, when compared to the control, and did not restrict plant regeneration and multiplication percentage. Mannitol and paclobutrazol can be used with efficiency for in vitro conservation, maintaining explant viability and plant survival after acclimatization. In addition, these treatments did not cause phenotypic variations of genetic origin. This is the first study reporting strategies for in vitro germplasm conservation of A. sisalana.
Infiltrating B-cell subtypes and associated hub genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma identified from integrated RNA sequencing data and immunohistochemistry
Authors: Zhong Fangyan , Chen Junjun , Lu Tianzhu , Zhang Lin , Liu Zhiliang , Guan Chunhong , Xiong Xiaopeng , Gong Xiaochang , Li Jingao
Published: June 2024

Background
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is associated with lymphocyte infiltration; however, the majority of research on NPC has focused on the role of T cells, with relatively little known about the roles of B cells and their subtypes. Therefore, we evaluated the prognostic value of CD20 + B cell density and B-cell subtypes along with their functional enrichment and hub genes in NPC.
Methods
The prognostic value of CD20 + B-cell density for distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) was explored by immunohistochemistry using multivariate analysis. Transcriptomic expression data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were analyzed to identify B-cell subtypes and their functional enrichment in NPC tissues. Pseudotime trajectory analysis was performed to evaluate the B-cell differentiation trajectory and hub genes were identified using Cytoscape software.
Results
Patients with NPC exhibiting a high infiltrating density of CD20+ B cells showed significantly better 5-year DMFS, OS, and PFS compared to those of patients with a low infiltrating density. Naïve B cells, switched memory B cells, exhausted B cells, and plasma cells were identified as key B-cell subtypes infiltrating NPC tumors, with naïve B cells showing the highest infiltration levels associated with a better prognosis. Naïve B cells were closely associated with immune pathways and the hub genes were typical markers for T and B cells.
Conclusion
A high infiltrating density of B cells showed strong prognostic value in patients with NPC. Naïve B cells may play an important role in tumor immunity for NPC.
Causal Effects of Genetically Determined Lipidome on Lung Cancer and Its Subtypes: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Luo Cong , Mi Jie
Published: June 2024

Background
Previous observational studies have identified abnormalities in lipid metabolism among lung cancer patients, but the causal relationship between lipidomes and lung cancer risk remains unclear. Herein, we investigate the causal effect of lipidomes on the incidence of lung cancer and its subtypes through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
A genome-wide association study of 179 lipid metabolites was used as the exposure, while lung cancer and its subtypes were the outcomes. All the datasets were obtained from an open database. The inverse variance weighted method was used as the primary analysis, and MR-Egger regression, the weighted median method, and the weighted mode method were employed to test the robustness of the results. MR-Egger intercept and Cochran's Q statistical analysis were used to assess potential pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was also used to test the stability of the findings.
Results
Forty-two significant lipids were identified as causative exposures for lung cancer. Seventeen lipids affected lung cancer risk in smokers, while only four affected non-smokers. There were two overlapping lipids among the three pathological types of lung cancer. Phosphatidylcholine (O-16:1_18:0) had protective effects on small cell lung cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 0.828, P = 0.038) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) (OR = 0.859, P = 0.005). Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:0_18:2) also exhibited protective effects on lung adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.943, P = 0.038) and LUSC (OR = 0.912, P = 0.003). Our results were robust even without a single SNP due to a "leave-one-out" analysis. The MR Egger intercept test indicated that genetic pleiotropy had no effect on the results. No heterogeneity was detected by Cochran's Q test.
Conclusion
This study unveiled the causal effect of specific lipid species on lung cancer and its subtypes. Smoking patients are more susceptible to abnormal lipid metabolism and are at a higher risk of developing lung cancer. Different lipid species are closely associated with various pathological types of lung cancer. Our study suggests that lipids may be utilized in the early screening, prevention, and treatment of lung cancer.
Experimental study on the evolution of three-dimensional fracture structure and enhanced permeability of bituminous coal under high and low temperature conditions
Authors: Qiao Yonggang , Wang Yuqiang , Fan Nan , Yuan Danping , Zuo Wenzhe , Lyu Xingyu , Zhao Jindian
Published: June 2024

A systematic study of the three-dimensional reconstructed coal microstructure under low-temperature liquid nitrogen shock and cryogenic-heat shock combined with high-temperature convective heating is of great significance for the improvement of permeability of coal seams by low-temperature media. By combining CT scanning experiments with three-dimensional reconstruction techniques, the pore and fracture structures, their spatial distribution, and connectivity within the coal matrix under single-cryogenic (SC) and cryogenic-heat (CH) treatment conditions were investigated. A pore network model of connection fractures with statistical pore radius, throat radius, and coordination number distribution was constructed, based on the "Volume Fraction module" in Avizo. Finally, the effect was verified by a permeability analyzer. Experimental results indicate that SC treated coal surfaces exhibit partially connected, axially developed fractures. And Coal sample that was subjected to CH treatment showed greater fracture apertures. Significant changes in the fracture volume distribution after different treatments were found by statistical analysis. Specifically, the fraction of fracture volume in CH treated samples between 1010-1011 µm3 decreased from 51.5–5.6%, while the segment from 1011-1012 µm3 jumped from 0–85.47%. Additionally, under different treatment conditions, the overall trend of the number of pores and throats increased and then decreased as the pore radius and throat radius increased, and this trend is more pronounced in coal samples treated with CH. The permeability of gas is largely constrained by the degree of expansion of internal fissures within rocks, the permeability of coal samples decreases with the increase of confining pressure.
Lymphatic Vessel Ligation: A Novel Murine Model for Inhibiting Corneal Transplantation Rejection
Authors: Igarashi Ami , Hayashi Takahiko , Shimizu Toshiki , Yuda Kentaro , Yamagami Satoru
Published: June 2024

The lymphatic system is a crucial contributor to allograft rejection after corneal transplantation. However, no surgical procedures for the central pathway where conjunctival lymphatic vessels converge have been investigated. Therefore, we aimed to establish a murine model of lymphatic vessel ligation and evaluate its inhibitory effect on corneal allograft rejection. A tracer was used to visualise lymphatic vessels, and complications were evaluated. A surgical technique was developed to block the lymphatic vessels. Corneas from C57BL/6 mice were transplanted into BALB/c mice divided into two groups—one with and one without lymphatic vessel ligation, to evaluate their effects on allograft rejection. Graft opacity scores were evaluated for 8 weeks, and immunohistochemistry was used to quantify angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Twenty percent trypan blue used as a tracer showed clear inflow with no complications. The two sutures and cyanoacrylate glue combination demonstrated a blocking effect after 25 days and was thus used for lymphatic ligation. Three and nine out of fourteen eyes showed rejection at 8 weeks post-surgery in the lymphatic vessel ligation and allograft groups, respectively. Furthermore, neovascularisation and lymphangiogenesis significantly decreased in the lymphatic vessel ligation group. Overall, we present a novel therapeutic strategy for corneal transplantation.
Change Characteristics of Water Vapor Budget in the Hengduan Mountains from 1979 to 2022
Authors: FANG Yun , WANG Jinning , QIU Qingdong , ZHANG Yujun
Published: June 2024

Using NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis(NCEP2) data from 1979 to 2022, change characteristics of water vapor budget in the Hengduan Mountains of China in summer and winter were studied. The results showed that in winter and summer, the Hengduan Mountains area is the most abundant area of water vapor in the Tibet Plateau, and the water vapor in the Hengduan Mountains is mainly from Bengal Bay. In summer, water vapor diverge in the northeast part of the Hengduan Mountains while converge in the southwest part of the Hengduan Mountains; in winter, both convergence and divergence of water vapor are weak in the Hengduan Mountains area. The Hengduan Mountains gain water vapor in summer, and lose it in winter. Meanwhile, water vapor budget in Hengduan Mountains area has multiple-time scales characteristic: 4-a oscillation is the most obvious in the summer while 2-a and 6-a oscillation is obvious in the winter.
Biallelic loss-of-function variations in BTD cause profound biotinidase deficiency in an Indian patient
Authors: Kannan Balachander , Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini , Arumugam Paramasivam , Navamani Hephzibah Kirubamani , DV Lal
Published: June 2024

Background Biotinidase deficiency (BD) is a rare, autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized by neurocutaneous symptoms. This study investigates a case of profound BD in an Indian patient and the underlying genetic basis. Methods A 10-month-old male presenting with seizures, hypotonia, ataxia, visual impairments, and developmental delay underwent biochemical and genetic analysis. Biotinidase activity was measured using an ELISA kit. Sanger sequencing of theBTDgene was performed to identify mutations.In silicoanalysis was employed to assess the potential impact of the identified variants. Results The patient exhibited profound biotinidase deficiency. Biallelic loss-of-function variations (c.903G > A and c.946C > T) in theBTDgene were identified, leading to premature stop codons and truncated, non-functional protein fragments.In silicoanalysis supported the functional significance of these variations, demonstrating their location within a critical domain essential for enzyme activity. Conclusion This case expands our knowledge of BD genetic diversity and underscores the critical role of early diagnosis and newborn screening programs in managing this treatable condition.
The effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on post-stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Abbasi Hamid , Abedi Rana Sadat , Tajer Kiarash , Farhoudi Mehdi , Jourabchi-Ghadim Neda
Published: June 2024

Background: Stroke, a major contributor to enduring disability on a global scale, demands inventive strategies for improving recuperation and alleviating concomitant neurological deficits. Several studies demonstrated improving effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on post-stroke patients. This study provided systematic review and meta-analysis of current literature concerning the potential impacts of ALA supplementation in individuals recovering from strokes.
Methods: Relevant studies were searched in the international databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, up August 2023. The pooled results were calculated with the use of a random-effects model to assess the effects of ALA on post-stroke patients.
Results: The results revealed that the ALA supplementation was effective on fast plasma glucose levels (SMD= -1.57 mg/dl; 95% CI: -2.60, -0.54; P<0.001), high density lipoprotein levels (SMD= -5.04 mg/dl; 95% CI: -6.12, -3.97; P<0.001) and super oxide dismutase (SMD= 0.63 U/ml; 95% CI: 0.27, 1.00; P<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of the current systematic review and meta-analysis reveal the advantageous effects of ALA on individuals recovering from a stroke.
Analysis of post-market adverse events of ivabradine: a real-world study base on FAERS database
Authors: Ye Yonghuo , Lai Yuxing , Lin Yuhao , Wang Xingjian , Wang Shaoli
Published: June 2024

Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a prevalent condition characterized by the heart's inability to effectively pump blood, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Ivabradine, a medication targeting heart rate regulation, has emerged as a valuable therapy for managing CHF symptoms. However, comprehensive real-world data on ivabradine's adverse reactions are lacking. Our study utilized FAERS data and statistical algorithms to identify and characterize ivabradine-related adverse events, providing insights crucial for enhancing medication safety and informing clinical practice.Methods: This study utilized the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to analyze adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports associated with ivabradine over an eight-year period. Four statistical methodologies, including Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean (EBGM), were employed to assess the association between ivabradine and ADRs. Disproportionality analysis at both the System Organ Class (SOC) and Preferred Terms (PTs) levels was conducted to identify potential safety signals.Results: Analysis of 1,860 ADR reports revealed notable associations between ivabradine and various ADRs across different organ systems. Common AEs included cardiovascular events such as bradycardia and atrial fibrillation, as well as visual disturbances and autonomic dysfunction. The study also highlighted the importance of monitoring off-label use and potential interactions with other medications.Conclusions: This comprehensive pharmacovigilance analysis identified and characterized ADRs associated with ivabradine, providing valuable insights for healthcare professionals and regulatory authorities. Despite limitations inherent in spontaneous reporting systems, these findings underscore the importance of ongoing surveillance to ensure the safe use of ivabradine in clinical practice.
Fence line Monitoring of Petroleum Refining Plants in Korea: UV-DOAS Analysis of SO2, NO2, and Benzene Emissions for Comprehensive Management
Authors: Kang Cheonwoong , Kim Dongwoo , Kim Jeonghun , Cho Sunghwan , Yu Jungung , Kang Daeil , Park Poongmo , Jeon Ki-Joon
Published: June 2024

Increasing public interest in air pollutants driven by climate change and high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) has highlighted the importance of managing pollutants such as SO2, NO2, and benzene. These compounds are known precursors of secondary PM that affect the climate and human health, with benzene being particularly carcinogenic. Benzene is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that can persist in the atmosphere for approximately 9.4 days, potentially traveling long distances and contributing to the generation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) through photochemical reactions, leading to elevated fine dust concentrations. To comprehensively manage emissions, leaks, and point sources, a fence line monitoring study was conducted at petroleum refining industrial complexes in Daesan-eup, Chungcheongnam-do, and Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do in Korea. UV-DOAS technology was used to confirm measurement reliability and monitor emissions. High SO2 concentrations emitted in a specific direction were identified at the Yeosu-si, and further investigation identified the flare stack of a suspected plant as the emission source. Fence line monitoring was effective in identifying and addressing unknown high-concentration emission sources and devising measures to manage fugitive emissions and leaks.
The effect of hydrophilic statins on adiponectin, leptin, visfatin and vaspin levels in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Kaya Hacer Kayhan , Demirtas Berjan
Published: June 2024

Statins may affect glucose metabolism through adipokines. The aim of this study was to measure the effects of hydrophilic statins on some adipokine levels in diabetic rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: healthy control, untreated diabetic, diabetic treated with pravastatin, and diabetic treated with rosuvastatin. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Thereafter, 20 mg/kg/day doses of either pravastatin or rosuvastatin were administered to the treated diabetic rats for eight weeks. At the end of the experiment, the body weights, the levels of fasting blood glucose, serum insulin and insulin resistance as wel as serum adiponectin, leptin, visfatin and vaspin were measured. Fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance levels were significantly higher, whereas insulin level and the body weight were significantly lower in untreated diabetic group than the control group. Diabetes caused significant decreases in adiponectin, leptin, vaspin levels, but a significant increase in visfatin level. Pravastatin treatment significantly increased the body weight and decreased the fasting blood glucose level, whereas rosuvastatin decreased the body weight and did not have any effect on fasting blood glucose level. Pravastatin caused significant increases in both adiponectin and vaspin levels. However, rosuvastatin did not have any effect on adiponectin level, whereas caused a decrease in vaspin level. Both pravastatin and rosuvastatin treatments decreased the levels of leptin and visfatin.
In conclussion, pravastatin is more effective to improve the fasting blood glucose level and the body weight in diabetes, probably by increasing adiponectin and vaspin levels.
Fully Automated Unsupervised Learning Approach for Thermal Camera Calibration and An Accurate Human Temperature Tracking
Authors: Al-Azzawi Adil
Published: June 2024

During the past three years, people have suffered a lot from what the World Health Organization called the emerging Covid-19. The world lacked the means and methods for early detection of this virus, several methods were used traditional methods for detecting this virus, such as thermometers, a remote thermal detection gun, and other traditional methods. Most of these systems monopolized making profits or selling their camera products, as the prices of these cameras equipped with a temperature detection system exceeded three thousand dollars. An unsupervised model for real-time detection of thermal face skin temperature was proposed, despite the scarcity and availability of thermal video data, we found and used a database created at Nazarbayev University in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, which contains clips of thermal video and RGB video. Where the two different videos were calibrated, and the congruence was measured by two measures, SSIM and Correlation, and then four methods of registration were used to achieve perfect congruence, and the congruence was also measured through the two previous measures, and then the K-means method was used to extract clusters, and then functions for post-processing were built, then, the thermal face skin was extracted by multiplying the binary face into the thermal face, and the temperature of the face was calculated by taking the average values of the thermal face skin pixels and converting them from Fahrenheit to Celsius. Satisfactory results were obtained for us, as temperatures were detected for some cases within the normal range, others below the normal range, and others higher than this rate.
Disinformation elicits learning biases
Authors: Vidal-Perez Juan , Dolan Raymond , Moran Rani
Published: June 2024

Disinformation is often considered to pose a threat to open societies. However, we know little regarding the learning biases elicited by disinformation. To address this, we developed a novel reinforcement learning task wherein participants chose between lotteries without knowing the true outcomes of their choices (rewards or non-rewards). Instead, they received choice-feedback from sources who occasionally disseminated disinformation by lying about choice outcomes. As these sources varied in their truthfulness this allowed us to test how learning differed based on source-credibility. Across two experiments computational modelling indicated that learning increased in tandem with source-credibility, consistent with normative Bayesian principles. However, we also observed striking biases reflecting divergence from normative learning patterns. Notably, individuals learned from sources known to be unreliable and increased their learning from trustworthy information when it was preceded by non-credible information. Furthermore, the presence of disinformation exacerbated a “positivity bias” whereby individuals self-servingly boosted their learning from positive, compared to negative, choice-feedback. Our findings reveal cognitive mechanisms underlying learning biases in the face of disinformation, with potential implications for strategies aimed at mitigating its pernicious effects.
Irradiated umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-coated high oxygen-permeable hydrogel lenses inhibit corneal inflammation and neovascularization in the treatment of alkaline corneal burn
Authors: Song Siqi , Cheng Yaqi , Li Weihua , Yu Huan , Li Zhiquan , Li Jianbing , Li Meng , Huang Qunai , Liu Yingjie , Ling Shiqi
Published: June 2024

Background
Corneal alkali burns can cause persistent inflammation and corneal neovascularization. In this study, we aimed to determine whether applying radiation-treated umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) to the ocular surface via high oxygen-permeable hydrogel lenses has an effect on corneal alkali burns and to further investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved.
Methods
After the rabbit corneal burn model was established, the rabbits were randomly divided into the untreated group, the blank lens group, the radiation-treated UCMSC lens group, and the UCMSC I.V. group. Then, we measured corneal inflammation, neovascularization and corneal injury repair via slit lamp microscopy, captured anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and performed hematoxylin-eosin staining. Moreover, corneas from the blank lens group and the radiation-treated UCMSC lens group were subjected to transcriptome gene sequencing, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR).
Results
Compared with those in the other experimental groups, radiation-treated UCMSC lenses significantly decreased corneal inflammation and neovascularization and promoted the repair of corneal injury. Suppression of the T helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation pathway plays a role in the therapeutic effect of radiation-treated UCMSC lenses. Immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that the expression of interleukin (IL)-17 in corneas treated with radiation-treated UCMSC lenses was lower than that in corneas treated with blank lenses, and radiation-treated UCMSC lenses exhibited greater expression of IL-4 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), while the expression of cluster of differentiation-3G (CD3G), a linker for the activation of T cells (LAT), IL-6, IL-1B, CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) and IL-23 exhibited the opposite effects (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Irradiated umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-coated high oxygen-permeable hydrogel lenses on the ocular surface inhibited corneal angiogenesis and inflammation and promoted the repair of corneal injury. The downregulation of Th17 cell differentiation might be responsible for these effects.
A Passenger Flow Prediction Model Based on Graph Convolutional Network with Multivariate Spatio-temporal Correlation
Authors: Ma Ying , LI Yang
Published: June 2024

Accurate prediction of short-term passenger flow is very important for rational planning and stable operation of cities, however, the problem of passenger flow prediction faces many challenges, including both the establishment of an effective spatio-temporal dynamic model structure and the necessity to comprehensively consider a variety of factors affecting the explicit and implicit passenger flow. So, a Multi-Variate Spatio-Temporal Correlation Graph Convolutional Network model (MVSTCGCN) is proposed. The model utilizes three kinds of spatially correlated graphs to construct a base graph, which is combined to capture spatio-temporal features globally; temporal attention mechanism, spatial attention mechanism, graph convolution operation, and spatio-temporal convolution constitute the spatio-temporal graph convolution module to capture local spatio-temporal features; meanwhile, the core module of graph convolution network is improved by being integrated wavelet transformation operators. The model is validated by New York taxi YellowTrip dataset and self-built dataset respectively; the simulation experiments show that the performance of our algorithm has more obvious advantages compared with other excellent algorithms.
Probabilistic analysis of pile foundations using Monte Carlo and Subset simulations compared with FOSM-based hybrid ANN paradigm
Authors: Suman Subodh Kumar , Burman Avijit , Choudhary Shiva Shankar
Published: June 2024

The presence of uncertainty and variability in soil and sub-soils is a fundamental aspect of pile design. Thus, extensive study has been conducted to accurately measure the reliability or likelihood of structural failure. This work investigates the suitability of Monte Carlo and Subset simulations for the risk assessment of piles. In addition, First-order second-moment method (FOSM)-based hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) frameworks were used. Specifically, five hybrid ANNs were constructed using swarm intelligence algorithms A comparative analysis of Monte Carlo, Subset, FOSM, and FOSM-based hybrid ANN was conducted at different co-efficient of variation levels. The effectiveness of the utilized hybrid ANNs was determined using diverse statistical indices. Based on the performance, the best-fitted hybrid ANN was selected and utilized for risk assessment of pile foundations. According to the results, the employed ANN-MPA framework exhibit the best-fitted estimation with 99.2% (R2 = 0.9920) accuracy. The probability of failure was subsequently determined using Monte Carlo, Subset simulation and FOSM-based ANN-MPA methods. According to the results, the FOSM-based ANN-MPA approach can be considered as an alternative tool for quick estimation of risk assessment of pile foundations under different coefficient of variations levels.
Neurodevelopmental and Long-Term Remarks in Survivors of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome with Restrictive Atrial Septum
Authors: Chivukula Sonia Voleti , Anton Corinne M , Cheatham-Johnson Randi J , Ikemba Catherine Minor
Published: June 2024

Background Hypoplastic left heart syndrome with intact or restrictive atrial septum (HLHS-RAS) is an extremely high-risk subtype with near 50% mortality despite prenatal diagnosis and successful intervention. To enhance fetal counseling in this lesion beyond survival, we reviewed long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in HLHS-RAS survivors.Methods Institutional IRB approval was obtained to perform a retrospective chart review on all patients with prenatally diagnosed HLHS-RAS who underwent emergent catheter-based intervention at UT Southwestern-Children’s Medical Center Dallas between 2009–2016.Results 6/14 patients with HLHS-RAS survived (43%). Demographics are presented in Table 1. Excluding the patients who received heart transplantation, available neurodevelopmental screening and qualitative remarks are presented in Table 2.Conclusions Survival in HLHS-RAS is poor despite prenatal diagnosis. Survivors may have average neurodevelopment in early childhood but are at increased risk for neurodevelopmental delays which may manifest at variable intervals, underscoring the importance of serial assessment to maximize potential in this high-risk patient population. Qualitative remarks implicate reasonable activity tolerance and socialization in survivors to later childhood.
A Systematic Online Update Method for Reduced-Order-Model-Based Digital Twin
Authors: Tang Yifan , Sajadi Pouyan , Dehaghani Mostafa Rahmani , Wang G. Gary
Published: June 2024

A digital twin (DT) is a model that mirrors a physical system and is continuously updated with real-time data from the physical system. Recent implementations of reduced-order-model-based DT (DT-ROM) have been applied in aerodynamics and structural health monitoring, where partial differential equations (PDEs) are utilized to update reduced bases and coefficients. However, these methods are not directly applicable when the PDEs of the system are unknown. This paper addresses the online update challenge for DT-ROM in scenarios lacking known PDEs of the system. To tackle the challenge, a systematic online update and application method is proposed. During the online update, the projection residual of online data on the reduced bases determines the necessity of updating reduced bases, while the prediction residual of online data obtained by the current DT-ROM is used to decide whether to update the coefficient model. By sequentially evaluating both criteria, the method selectively incorporates essential online data for the online DT model update. During the online application, a criterion defined based on online data is adopted to determine whether the offline DT-ROM or the online one is applied to output final predictions. The capability of the proposed method is tested through three numerical and three engineering problems. Results indicate that the proposed online update method consistently reduces both projection and prediction residuals, thereby progressively enhancing the performance of the online DT-ROM on test data. Meanwhile, the online application method provides a prediction performance better than using offline DT-ROM only. Both demonstrate that the proposed work could be applied to online DT update where the PDEs of the system are unknown.
La influencia de los contenidos ideológicos de los memes virtuales en la identidad social
Authors: Zúñiga González Santiago , Rengifo Moreno Isaías , Peláez Marín Santiago , Calle Acosta Valentina
Published: June 2024

El meme se ha transformado en un método de comunicación para dejar ver situaciones, emociones, pensamientos surgidos en un individuo con sus grupos sociales de referencia, partiendo de la apropiación simbólica del contexto al cual pertenece. Para la recolección de información como su análisis se requirió del método fenomenológico-hermenéutico para analizar los discursos de los sujetos y el material que presenta ciertos contenidos ideológicos de los memes virtuales  los cuales pueden ser aprobados, rechazados y/o compartido por los entrevistados. Los jóvenes comunican con sus grupos de referencia memes virtuales que presentan algunos contenidos ideológicos como religiosos, políticos, situaciones cotidianas, entre muchos otros temas, siendo importante para ellos tanto para su afiliación como alteridad respecto a sus grupos, generando consecuencias a su identidad social, llevando a tener conflictos con los grupos en el que se encuentran inmersos, aunque también se da la posibilidad de guardar silencio como opción por la presión ejercida por los demás, lo cual lleva al joven a reflexionar acerca de sus filiaciones sociales.
El encuentro como categoría metafísica en la filosofía de François Jullien
Authors: Solís-Nova David
Published: June 2024

La propuesta de Jullien se caracteriza por poner de relieve análisis sobre la existencia cotidiana que la tradición filosófica había tomado por demasiado contingentes y, por lo mismo, había dejado al tratamiento del arte, la poesía y la literatura. En este sentido, el filósofo ha tenido como una de sus líneas de trabajo la temática del encuentro y la intimidad entre sujetos. El objetivo de esta investigación es buscar si la noción de "encuentro" tiene consecuencias metafísicas y no sólo antropológicas en su doctrina. Y, viceversa, indagaremos si, según Jullien, la disposición o no al encuentro y el ingreso del otro a la existencia depende de determinadas posiciones metafísicas previas.
Estudo de processo em psicoterapia com paciente com transtorno de personalidade borderline
Authors: Catanio dos Santos Nardi Suzana , Dagnino Paula , Alvares Bittencourt Aline , Benetti Silvia , Barcelos Serralta Fernanda
Published: June 2024

O objetivo do estudo é descrever o processo terapêutico e identificar os focos terapêuticos nas sessões de psicoterapia psicanalítica com uma paciente com transtorno de personalidade borderline (TPB). Foi utilizada uma abordagem mista e longitudinal, com base no Estudo de Caso Sistemático. O Psychotherapy Process Q set (PQS) foi usado para caracterizar e descrever o processo terapêutico. O Diagnóstico Psicodinâmico Operacionalizado (OPD-2) identificou o foco terapêutico das sessões e estabeleceu o diagnóstico psicodinâmico. Os resultados evidenciaram mudanças na estrutura e fortalecimento em duas funções estruturais: regulação da gestão de impulsos e diferenciação dos objetos do ego. O OPD apontou um trabalho foi dirigido à estrutura, concluindo-se que um maior foco terapêutico na estrutura e não em conflito parece ser mais apropriado para estes pacientes. O estudo mostra que a integração destes dois métodos lança luz sobre o que acontece no tratamento, quais são os estados mentais e as questões prioritárias, e como o foco do trabalho terapêutico é dado, assim como sua relação com a estrutura básica.
Analytical methods for online data quality assessment
Authors: Aguado D. , Alferes J. , Arteaga F. , Belia L. , Copp J. B. , Corominas L. , Corona F. , Ferrer A. , Haimi H. , Kazemi P. , Le Q. H. , Miletic I. , Mulas M. , Robles A. , Ruano M. V. , Russo S. , Samuelsson O. , Steyer J. P. , Villez K. , Volcke E. I. P. , Wade M. J. , Zambrano J.
Published: June 2024

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the main steps for algorithmic sensor signal quality assessment, which can enhance the decision-making process for water resource recovery facility (WRRF) operation and optimization. It introduces the concept of redundancy as the basis for data quality assessment. It also explains the typical data processing pipeline, which consists of preliminary analysis, data pre-processing, and specific algorithmic approaches. Each of these processes is presented and discussed in three separate sections. Importantly, this chapter introduces the main approaches for data quality assessment, provides guidelines for selecting the most suitable one and the key performance indicators to evaluate them and explains how to collect metadata through such an algorithmic approach.
Karst and Caves of the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA
Authors: Palmer A. N.
Published: June 2024

The caves of the Black Hills are located in Carboniferous limestone and dolomite of the Madison Formation in western South Dakota. The climate is semi-arid, and surface karst features are few. Entrances to known caves are rather small, and the two largest caves, Wind Cave and Jewel Cave, were discovered only in the late 1880s and in 1900, respectively. Intermittent exploration and mapping have been conducted by local volunteers, National Park Service staff, and the National Speleological Society. Jewel Cave, in Jewel Cave National Monument, contains 290 km of mapped passages; and Wind Cave, in Wind Cave National Park, contains 230 km. They are the third and sixth longest known caves in the world.
Niosome-Based Hydrogel of Quince Extract: A Promising Strategy for Expedited Full-thickness Wound Healing in Rat
Authors: Ebrahimnejad Pedram , Heydarabadi Paria Fadaee , Amiri Fereshteh Talebpour , Mirzaee Fatemeh , Ahmadi Melika , Shahani Somayeh
Published: June 2024

Background:

The regeneration of tissue damage involves a series of molecular and cellular
events that can be mediated by various natural compounds. Recent studies have highlighted
the anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, and skin-protecting properties of Cydonia oblonga (Quince),
which are mainly attributed to phenolic compounds. These compounds may have some drawbacks
when targeting wound applications, including low bioavailability at the wound site. Moreover, to
overcome these limitations, surfactant-based nanovesicular systems have been developed as carriers
of such compounds for wound healing.

Objective:

This study aimed to highlight the possible therapeutic potential of niosome-based hydrogel
from Quince extract to stabilize and deliver the related bioactive compounds to full-thickness
wounds in rats.

Methods:

The niosomal hydrogel was prepared using a thin-film hydration method with the fruit
extract (70% methanol). The formulation was optimized by evaluating size, zeta potential, dispersion
index, and drug encapsulation efficiency. Full-thickness wounds were created on the dorsal
cervical area of Wistar rats, and histopathological analysis of biopsy specimens was conducted on
the 12th day of treatment.

Results:

Under the study conditions, niosomal hydrogel displayed good physicochemical stability.
Histopathological findings demonstrated that niosomal gel promoted angiogenesis, fibroblast maturation,
collagen deposition, keratinization, and epidermal layer formation more effectively than
control and hydrogel base. Furthermore, niosomal gel treatment markedly reduced inflammation.
The total phenol concentration was determined to be 13.34 ± 0.90 mg gallic acid equivalents per
gram of dried extract.

Conclusion:

The niosomal hydrogel containing C. oblonga extract shows potential as a novel approach
for wound healing, warranting further investigation in this field.
Targeting Diabetes with Azole-derived Medicinal Agents
Authors: Mehra Anuradha
Published: June 2024

:

Azoles have long been regarded as an ideal scaffold for the development of numerous
innovative therapeutic agents as well as other incredibly adaptable and beneficial chemicals with
prospective uses in a variety of fields, including materials, energetics (explosophores), and catalysis
(azole organocatalytic arbitration). Azoles exhibit promising pharmacological activities, including
antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiviral, antidepressant, antihistaminic, antitumor, antioxidant, antiallergic,
antihelmintic, and antihypertensive activity. According to a database analysis of U.S. FDAapproved
medications, 59% of specific medications are connected to small molecules that have
heterocycles having nitrogen atoms. The azole moiety has impressive electron abundance. Azoles
promptly attach to various receptors as well as enzymes in the physiological environment via distinct
specialized interactions, contributing to their anti-diabetic potential. This review encompasses
the recent research progress on potent azole-derived antidiabetic agents that can be used as an alternative
for the management of type-2 diabetes.
Literature Review Regarding the Applicability and Clinical Outcome of Basal Implant
Authors: Habash Ghassan , Jayash Soher Nagi , Albanna Sajeda Jawad , Omiri Mahmoud K. AL
Published: June 2024

Objective

Restoring moderate to severely atrophic jaws with conventional implants often involves extensive surgical procedures. Basal implants, designed for immediate use in atrophied jawbones, offer an alternative by supporting single and multiple-unit restorations in the upper and lower jaws without the need for risky and expensive bone augmentation. However, their success rate diminishes significantly in areas with limited residual bone. This review aims to assess the applicability of basal implants compared to conventional endosseous implants.

Methods

A comprehensive literature review was conducted utilizing PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. The analysis focused on manuscripts and overviews published over a span of 20 years until September 8, 2022.

Results

Studies indicate that basal implants are a reliable option in specific cases, especially when other implants are not feasible, such as in severe alveolar bone atrophy. However, there is insufficient strong evidence to recommend basal implants over conventional ones. The evidence level of the reviewed papers all belong to evidence level V, which encompasses case reports and studies lacking controls.

Conclusions

The advantages of basal implants over conventional implants remain uncertain. The standard of care in dentistry should prioritize evidence-based practices, which commonly include the use of conventional implants. Further research is necessary to establish their efficacy and suitability in various clinical scenarios.