bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upping the Ante: New Actors and the Evolving Nature of Privacy Act Jurisprudence in New Zealand
Authors: Gunasekara Gehan , Singh Niveet
Published: June 2019

This article examines emerging trends in New Zealand's Privacy Act 1993 (the Act) litigation emanating from the Human Rights Review Tribunal (the Tribunal), which adjudicates cases brought under the Act. The Tribunal can award a range of remedies including damages, injunctions and declarations but in recent years it has also developed other remedies, such as training orders, aimed at remedying systemic privacy failures within agencies. The legitimacy of these is assessed against the backdrop of legislative lethargy in implementing parallel recommendations for law reform aimed at similar mischiefs. The article surveys all cases brought before the Tribunal (in its privacy jurisdiction) over a ten-year period from 2007 until 2016 inclusive. Brief comparison is made with Tribunal awards for discrimination under its non-privacy jurisdiction. The article also examines the reasons for a significant increase in the average amount of damages in recent years, especially in the Tribunals' privacy jurisdiction. Contributing factors to this include the changing nature of the types of dispute and the defendants involved as well as the discretion afforded to the Tribunal. Whilst the Tribunal has significantly modified its approach, other significant influences have included a recent increase in the number of private sector defendants. The Tribunal's substantive jurisprudence as to the nature of the obligations contained in the Act's privacy principles has also continued to evolve thereby vindicating New Zealand's principles-based data privacy regime.
Fiducia in Public Law
Authors: Breach Lindsay
Published: June 2019

Breach advances a conceptual basis for understanding fiduciary relationships in a public law setting. Fiduciary concepts cut across traditional legal boundaries to encompass a broad array of legal relationships. Political theorists and legal commentators have extended these concepts to governments, acting as fiduciaries, and their populations. In practice, the courts are reticent to impose a fiduciary relationship at public law. However, two lines of authority support the existence of fiduciary principles that are unique to public law. The first draws on the Canadian experience with a sui generis form of fiduciary relationship between the Crown and indigenous peoples, and later commentary on the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi. The second is judicial recognition that the relationship between local authorities and ratepayers is a fiduciary relationship. Breach argues that it is necessary to define fiduciary concepts that are unique to public law. This will avoid the uncertainty resulting from a sui generis classification, or worse, the consequences of conflating public law with private law fiduciary relationships. In doing so, he reassesses how the duty of loyalty can be understood in a public law context.
Nuclear Weapons Before the International Court of Justice: A Critique of the Marshall Islands v United Kingdom Decision
Authors: Awmee Devesh
Published: June 2019

The International Court of Justice recently gave judgment in Obligations Concerning Negotiations Relating to Cessation of the Nuclear Arms Race and to Nuclear Disarmament. The case concerned three parallel claims brought by the Marshall Islands against India, Pakistan and the United Kingdom for their alleged failure to fulfil obligations concerning negotiations relating to the cessation of the nuclear arms race and nuclear disarmament under art VI of the Non-Proliferation Treaty and customary international law. The Court in all three proceedings dismissed the claims at the preliminary objections phase on the sole ground that a legal dispute did not exist between the parties. In determining whether a legal dispute existed, the Court appears to have deviated from the objective determination taken in its previous jurisprudence by introducing, for the first time, a new requirement of "awareness". The Court also failed to address the other preliminary objections brought by the United Kingdom such as the Monetary Gold principle, which appears to have been a more credible avenue for the Court to dismiss the case. The case illustrates the failure by the Court to yet again confront the issue of nuclear weapons.
No Search Results in Fairness: Addressing Jurors' Independent Research in the 21st Century
Authors: Battell-Wallace Oscar
Published: June 2019

The right to a fair trial is one of the fundamental pillars on which the criminal justice system stands. In the digital age of the 21st century, that pillar has increasingly come under siege due to the rise of the "Googling juror". In light of the recent proposals by the Law Commission to address this problem, this article does two things. It begins by investigating the reasons why jurors conduct independent research in the digital age, before proposing methods to prevent jurors from doing so. This article argues that jurors are researching in greater numbers than in the past due to cognitive changes to people's brains in the digital age. Those cognitive changes are the increasing use of the Internet as a transactive memory partner, people's need for instantaneous knowledge and people's reliance on the Internet for everyday needs. Given these findings, this article argues that the Law Commission's proposals are insufficient; to deal with the problem the judicial system must modernise. This article puts forward three proposals: deploying more technology in the courtroom, implementing a comprehensive system of judicial education and empowering jurors to ask more questions. It finally concludes that if the judicial system modernises, trial by jury can and should persist.
Sending a Bit More Coin Home? An Analysis of Retail User Protection in Bitcoin Remittance Markets
Authors: Cotton Jared
Published: June 2019

This article examines the use of Bitcoin in money remittance markets as a specific illustration of wider emerging regulatory issues relating to the use of cryptocurrencies. While there are many conceivable benefits of using Bitcoin for remittances, there are also many risks for users of these remittance services. This article adopts a user perspective to look at what the major concerns are and what existing protections may be available to persons using cryptocurrencies under New Zealand law through the example of using Bitcoin for remittance purposes. The article then summarises approaches taken by other jurisdictions before suggesting a specific regulatory approach to cryptocurrencies that New Zealand should consider adopting.
A New Perspective on the Public–Private Divide? Justiciability of Government Contracting Decisions Following Ririnui and Problem Gambling
Authors: O'Fee Caleb
Published: June 2019

Behind every theory of administrative law lies a theory of the state. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the application of judicial review to government contracting decisions. New Zealand courts have long struggled to adopt a consistent and coherent approach in this area, and two recent decisions of relevance do very little to improve the situation. This article argues that a decision of the Supreme Court in Ririnui significantly broadens the scope of justiciability of government contracting decisions by providing an exception to Mercury Energy. The Court of Appeal's approach in Problem Gambling is more cautious but has nevertheless resulted in a broadening of the range of circumstances where government contracting decisions will be subject to judicial review. Beyond these limited findings the law both in New Zealand and overseas continues to lack consistency and coherence. This article suggests that while this state of affairs is undoubtedly the result of the application of a public law cause of action to a context which sits on the public law–private law divide, the courts should stop relying on an inconsistent doctrine and recognise that cases are being decided on the basis of normative conceptions of the proper role of judicial review in this context.
Miscarriage by Expert
Authors: Glazebrook Susan
Published: June 2019

This article examines the role expert evidence plays in court and some of the risks surrounding such evidence. Through the examination of several tragic cases of miscarriage of justice, this article warns of the dangers of relying unquestionably on expert evidence and calls for a careful consideration of the evidence as each case comes before the courts. The value of good forensic evidence in the investigation and prosecution of crime is nevertheless recognised.
Making Sense of Commercial Common Sense
Authors: Robertson Suzanne
Published: June 2019

The article examines the use of "commercial common sense" in the interpretation of commercial contracts. It reviews the origins of the test of commercial common sense and traces the application of the test in relatively recent New Zealand and United Kingdom appellate decisions. The author's contention is that the test is only properly applied when a court asks itself which of the interpretations put forward by the parties is most consistent with the contracting parties' mutual commercial purpose. The test is not properly applied when a court prefers one interpretation to another simply because it is the court's view that the alternative would mean one party made a particularly bad bargain.
Litigating Climate Change – Of Politics and Political Questions: A Comparative Analysis of Justiciability of Climate Change in the United States and Canada
Authors: Fernando Inura
Published: June 2019

This article seeks to highlight the differences in the jurisprudence on the justiciability of climate change in Canada and the United States. Underpinning this article are questions about the appropriate role of the judiciary in addressing polycentric policy issues. This article will first outline the policy context in which legal issues of climate change are framed. Second, this article will explore the general doctrines of justiciability in Canada and the United States, and how these interrelate with specific doctrines on the justiciability of climate change. The author argues that, with respect to the justiciability of climate change, the approach of the courts in the United States is more principled than that of the Canadian courts, the Canadian approach being more broadly framed. This is because the United States approach encompasses the classic strand of the political questions doctrine. Conversely, though the courts in Canada deny the existence of an American-style political questions doctrine, they unwittingly follow its prudential strand. This has negative implications for legal reasoning. This means that despite contrary appearances from the United States executive, the courts in the United States provide a stronger framework for the protection of the climate.
Book Review: Feminist Judgments of Aotearoa New Zealand – Te Rino: A Two-Stranded Rope
Authors: Robertson Suzanne
Published: June 2019

Book review of Elisabeth McDonald, Rhonda Powell, Māmari Stephens and Rosemary Hunter (eds) Feminist Judgments of Aotearoa New Zealand – Te Rino: A Two-Stranded Rope (Hart Publishing, Portland, 2017).
International Law and the Practice of Legality: Stability and Change
Authors: Brunnée Jutta , Toope Stephen J
Published: June 2019

Drawing on the practice-turn in constructivism and in international relations (IR) theory more generally, we argue that a particular approach to managing stability and change is inherent in, and indeed characteristic of, legality and the rule of law in international as in domestic law. Our "interactional law" framework places particular emphasis on what we call the "practice of legality". This concept is central to understanding how law can both enable and constrain state actions, and why international law is a distinctive language of justification and contestation. In turn, the focus on stability and change is helpful because it directly confronts some of the persistent doubts and assumptions about international law, in particular in relation to international politics. Our work is animated by the intuition that the dominant views in IR and international law scholarship underestimate international law's capacity to mediate stability and change, in part because they focus on the surface of law (treaties, statutes and so on) and external factors (interests, enforcement). They neglect the deeper structure of what makes norms "law", and the distinctive practices that account for both its relative stability and its capacity for change.
The Refugee Convention in the 21st Century
Authors: Glazebrook Susan
Published: June 2019

Over the last decade a series of humanitarian crises such as the Syrian conflict has seen an explosion in the number of refugees and internally displaced persons around the world. The resulting unprecedented movement of people has placed a strain on the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. This article discusses the operation of the Convention in the 21st century, with a particular focus on the position of women and children. It analyses whether the Convention is adequately protecting the needs of the world's refugees in light of the current crises and other challenges such as climate change. Alternative international initiatives are also discussed.
Public Law Sources and Analogies of International Law
Authors: Bjorge Eirik
Published: June 2019

Are the "general principles of law recognised by civilized nations" capable of adjusting to the progress and needs of the international community? This article argues that they are, and that international law needs, to a larger degree than what has been the case, to draw on principles of public law. Those principles of public law are not to supplant, but to supplement, those of private law. The article analyses four principles: the principle of legality; the principle requiring positive legal basis for state action; the principle that even the highest emanation of the executive power cannot escape judicial review; and the principle of protection of legitimate expectations. If one takes account of the needs of international law, there is no reason whatever why today we should accede to the orthodoxy that the intention behind the concept of general principles is only to authorise a court to apply the general principles of municipal jurisprudence, in particular of private law, in so far as they are applicable to relations of states – if for no other reason than the fact that international law no longer governs only relations of states.
The Dynamic Evolution of International Law – The Case for the More Purposeful Development of Customary International Law
Authors: Campbell Bill
Published: June 2019

A fundamental underpinning of the ongoing relevance of international law is that of its ability to adapt and change to meet new developments and challenges including new technology, new (or newly developing) threats to both the public and the international order and newly developed practices, for example trans-border corporate and taxation practices. How then to effect that change? The timely negotiation of treaties to deal with the subject matter of these new developments and challenges would be ideal but can be difficult due to a number of factors. The answer could lie in the more purposeful and expeditious development of customary international law – that is, by taking coordinated action, and by publicising that action and its legal basis.This will not result in changes to the law of the detail that might be expected in a treaty, but it could address particular issues of moment. Indeed, individual states may well see themselves as having no option but to take action to meet time sensitive and critical aspects of new developments and global challenges either alone or in concert with others with a view to the development of a more widespread custom. Initial characterisation of some such action as "illegal but justified" (or words along those lines), whilst a contradiction in terms, does at the very least point to a real need for a change in the law. An example of such purposeful action may well be the development of the customary international law of self-defence to support the use of force against non-state actors in certain circumstances – such as the force used by a number of states against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) in Syria on the basis of the collective self-defence of Iraq.
Can we Make the Oceans Greener? The Successes and Failures of UNCLOS as an Environmental Treaty
Authors: Mossop Joanna
Published: June 2019

At the conclusion of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1982, there was considerable optimism that the Convention would usher in a new age of marine environmental protection. This article argues that, while UNCLOS did contain important innovations for marine environmental protections, key structural problems prevented the Convention from fulfilling more optimistic predictions of success. Concepts such as freedom of the high seas and exclusive flag state jurisdiction as well as the lack of an effective institution with competence over the law of the sea generally have impeded progress. Instead, states have relied on incremental development to seek improvements in the law. The article evaluates whether two recent developments will progress the goal of marine environmental protection. First, a number of recent international judicial decisions interpreting treaty and customary principles of international law have clarified and extended state environmental obligations. Second, negotiations for a new treaty on the protection and sustainable use of biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction offer hope that gaps in UNCLOS might be filled.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИЙ ПОГЛЯД НА ПРИРОДУ СМІШНОГО: СПРОБА ПОБУДОВИ ПОЯСНЮВАЛЬНОЇ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ
Authors: Zhovtianska Valeria
Published: June 2019

У статті запропоновано психологічну концепцію, яка пояснює сутність смішного. Згідно з нею смішне виникає там, де для індивіда раптом відкривається відмінність між його суб’єктивним уявленням про об’єкт і самим об’єктом, причому за умови, що попередньо ця відмінність ним не рефлексувалася. За умови відсутності такої рефлексії відокремлення образу об’єкта від самого об’єкта для індивіда видається онтологічно неможливою операцією. Відтак, із суб’єктивного погляду, сутність смішного є парадоксальною. Запропонована концепція смішного ґрунтується на теорії, яка пояснює закономірності формування суб’єктивних уявлень. Передбачено, що суб’єктивні уявлення формуються за два етапи. На першому створюються інтуїтивні гіпотези про якості об’єкта, засновані на асоціаціях. На другому етапі здійснюються рефлексія й аналітична перевірка щодо попередніх гіпотез. Водночас така рефлексія та перевірка можуть бути не виконані або виконані не в повному обсязі. У цьому випадку суб’єктивні уявлення залишаються не лише не верифікованими, але й не проблематизованими, що призводить до суб’єктивного злиття образу об’єкта та самого об’єкта. Саме такі уявлення становлять потенційну підставу для появи смішного. У статті проаналізовано деякі умови, які приводять до виокремлення у свідомості індивіда суб’єктивних уявлень про об’єкт від самого об’єкта. Передусім, ідеться про прийоми, які використовуються в гуморі. Їх аналіз дає змогу продемонструвати дію тих механізмів, які приводять до появи смішного, та унаочнити ту психічну реальність, яка за ними стоїть.
ПСИХОЛІНГВІСТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ РЕЛІГІЙНИХ КОМУНІКАЦІЙ У ЧАСИ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ПРАВОСЛАВНОЇ ЦЕРКВИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Kostruba Natalia
Published: June 2019

У статті здійснено психолінгвістичний аналіз релігійних комунікацій у часи становлення Православної церкви України (ПЦУ). Представлено тлумачення поняття релігійних комунікацій та його основні характеристики. Зазначено особливості релігійних ЗМІ, переваги релігійних Інтернет-комунікацій. Здійснено огляд змісту друкованих видань Української православної церкви Московського патріархату (УПЦ МП) щодо висвітлення події утворення ПЦУ. Описано основні чотири етапи фреймового аналізу тексту, що містить також характеристику визначення сценарію тексту. За результатами здійсненого фреймового аналізу офіційної заяви Священного синоду УПЦ щодо ситуації в українському й світовому православ’ї виділено десять фреймів: структури, дії, агресія, люди, цінності, право, влада, території, релігійні терміни, часова орієнтація. Найбільшу кількість слів містять фрейми структури, дії, агресія, люди. Найменшими за обсягом є фрейми «релігійні терміни» та «часова орієнтація». Виокремленням найчастотніших слів у кожному фреймі визначено сценарій досліджуваної заяви: Церква, дії, розкол, віруючі, єдність, права, патріархат, шлях, Господь і рік. Загалом заява містить багато звинувачень про незаконні дії, утручання в життя Церкви Константинопольського патріархату, ПЦУ та державної влади. Заява не закликає до єдності, вона містить заклики до подальшого протистояння й «виправлення помилок». Чітким у заяві є прохання до влади щодо скасування закону про перейменування УПЦ МП, проте у цій заяві Синод називає себе УПЦ. Це вводить в оману пересічних українців, які не ідентифікують УПЦ як таку, що має російське підпорядкування.
САМОУСВІДОМЛЕННЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ З ПСИХОФІЗИЧНИМИ ВАДАМИ: ЕМПІРИЧНИЙ ВИМІР ПРОБЛЕМИ
Authors: Hoshovska Daria , Hoshovskyi Yaroslav
Published: June 2019

У статті висвітлено результати емпіричного вивчення психологічних особливостей самоусвідомлення підлітків, які мають певні психофізичні вади розвитку. Дослідження здійснено в навчально-реабілітаційному центрі з вибіркою, учасники якої навчаються в інклюзивних класах. Установлено ускладений характер психо- й соціогенезу таких дітей, зокрема в ракурсі самоприйняття, самоставлення тощо. Емпіричним способом установлено, що самоприйняття для дітей із певними вадами розвитку є найбільш значущим, насамперед для самостверджувального самооцінювання та відстоювання свого психофізичного простору в середовищі однолітків. Завдяки інтерпретації результатів факторного аналізу вдалося виокремити такі основні чотири фактори, які концентрували змістово-функціональну сутність їх самоусвідомлення: агресивне самоприйняття, самовпевнена самотність, невротичне прийняття зовнішності, дифузність і тривожність самоставлення. Досліджуваним притаманний високий рівень самоповаги, який засвідчує внутрішнє прагнення дітей із психофізичними вадами бути такими, як усі інші: бажаними, рецептованими, шанованими тощо. Підлітки з психофізичними вадами розвитку намагаються презентувати себе як упевнених, самовпевнених і закоханих у себе молодих людей. Діти переживають численні розлади самоприйняття, що посилюються уявленнями про власні психофізичні недосконалості на тлі своїх однолітків, тому сепараційне відмежування є намаганням ствердитися на рівні посиленого самоаналізу й глибокого самоусвідомлення. Досліджуваним підліткам притаманний високий рівень самооцінної та міжособистісної тривожності, а також самовпевнена самотність, що відіграє як самостверджувальну, так і, вочевидь, психозахисну функцію. Для підлітків із психофізичними вадами особливо значущим є прийняття своєї зовнішності, що засвідчує їхнє прагнення бути в загальнопопу­ляційному річищі розвитку – вибудовувати образ Я та Я-концепцію. Проте усвідомлення своєї інвалідизованості породжує тривожно-депресивні й невротичні реакції, свідченням чого є високий рівень невротизації та тривожності. Констатовано необхідність надання таким дітям ревіталізаційної допомоги.
Агентно-орієнтоване моделювання та соціологія: точки перетину
Authors: Moskotina Ruslana
Published: June 2019

У статті здійснено загальну характеристику агентно-орієнтованого підходу як такого, що потенційно міг би використовуватись у соціології. Він виник завдяки теорії клітинних автоматів та теоретико-ігровому підходу. Показано, що агентне моделювання дає змогу поєднати мікро- й макрорівень аналізу, при цьому не зводячи явища та процеси макрорівня до сукупності дій і взаємодій на мікрорівні. Цей вид моделювання передбачає проведення своєрідного експерименту з моделлю: задавши характеристики агентів та середовища їх перебування, правила дій і взаємодій агентів одне з одним та із середовищем, можемо спостерігати, до яких наслідків на макрорівні це призведе. Агентно-орієнтоване моделювання є сенс застосовувати в соціологічному дослідженні тоді, коли потрібно надати теоретичне пояснення соціальним явищам чи процесам або ж коли потрібно спрогнозувати їх.
Роль позакультових практик християнських церков у соціокультурному середовищі міста
Authors: Glinskaya Lyudmila , Manoylenko Darya
Published: June 2019

У статті виконано аналіз особливостей позакультової діяльності християнських церков та їх ролі в суспільному житті взагалі й в окре-мому місті Мелітополі Запорізької області зокрема. Стверджується, що останнім часом спостерігаємо посилення впливу церкви на суспільне життя міста як осередку миру та злагоди. З‟ясовано, що християнські церкви виступають стабілізаційним чинником життя громади. Позакультові практики стають також потужним засобом оновлення церкви, зміцнення її позицій у суспільстві й сприяють формуванню нових і закріпленню старих зв‟язків. Досліджено та встановлено, що суспільну діяльність християнських церков спрямовано на участь у міських заходах, на волонтерську діяльність, співпрацю з національно-культурними товариствам, участь у міських і соціально-мистецьких форумах, спільних засіданнях із громадськими організаціями міста, участь у державних та міських святах, науково-практичних конференціях, організацію допомоги малозабезпеченим, вимушеним переселенцям і військовим.
Experimental Study of Wickless Heat Pipe with Flat Evaporator for Used in Cooling of Electronic Components
Authors: Adnan Samah Ihsan , Ahmad Aouf Abdulrahman , Abdulrasool Adnan Abdulamar
Published: June 2019

In this paper, systematic experimental investigations were carried out for a wickless heat pipe with flat evaporator having dimensions (100x100x30) mm. Flat-square electrical element was used to simulate the heat source of electronic part with dimensions of (100x100) mm. The aim of this paper presents the effect of fill ratio and cooling water mass flow rate on thermal performance of a wickless heat pipe. Experiments were performed to evaluate performance of wickless heat pipe for range of input power from 10 W to 100 W. The fill ratios used in the present work were 15%, 25%50% and 85%. The cooling water mass flow rate was also changed from 0.0083 kg/s to 0.033 kg/s. Experimental results showed that the maximum value of wall evaporator temperature was 115°C at input power of 100 W and a fill ratio of 15%. Results also showed that the maximum value of the total resistance was 0.8°C/W.
Forecasting Monthly Maximum Temperatures in Kerbala Using Seasonal ARIMA Models.
Authors: K. Shathir Adnan , Ali Mohammed Saleh Layla , Amal Al-Din Majeed Sumayah
Published: June 2019

Weather forecasting is an important issue in meteorology and scientific research.In this research, the Seasonal Auto Regressive.Integrated Moving Average.(ARIMA) model which is based on Box-Jenkins method was adopted to build the forecasting model. The max. Monthly temperature data for Kerbala city for the period (Jan.1980 to Dec.2016) was employed. The autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions for time series data from years 1980 to 2015 were used to identify the most appropriate orders of the ARIMA models. The validation test of these models were performed using the monthly max. Temperature of the year 2016. To calculate the model's accuracy and compare among them, statistical criteria such as MAE, RMSE, MAPE, and R2 were used. The model (2, 1, 2) × (1, 1, 1)12 gave the most accurate results and used to forecast the monthly max. Temperature for the period (2017 to 2021) for study region.
Production of Copper Powder from Ores by Elecrodeposition Process
Authors: Abbas Jasim Sundus , Abd Al-kadhum Mohsin Sajad , Ammory Jaafer Maithem
Published: June 2019

This paper studies the preparation of Copper powder from copper sulphate aqueous solution (CuSO4.5H2O), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and copper chloride (CuCl2.2H2O) by using the process of electrodeposition. Process of Powder deposition has been investigated for copper powder; it is a fine layer on cathode electrode by using the value of different from time of deposition (15, 30, 45, and 60) min. it is noticed the weight of the powder rises with the rise of time of depostion.

Diffractions of X-ray (XRD) revealed high crystallinity and pure copper powder not contain impurity or oxides. Optical microscopes have revealed the particles of copper have dendritic shapes. The size of Particles analyzer measured the size of a particle which is about (4.645) μm.
Manajemen dan Organisasi Informasi : Studi di Fakultas Teknologi Informasi Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga
Authors: Narendra Albertoes Pramoekti
Published: June 2019

This study aims to find out about the process of activities from the beginning to the end about the management and organization of information held at the Information Technology Faculty of Satya Wacana Christian University in Salatiga. This study This study used a qualitative approach using the case study method. One interesting thing to do is that in the management activities of stored information various kinds of documents result from various activities of the academic community. Documents and information held by the Information Technology Faculty are divided into 2 groups. The first group is an archival document and the second group is a library document. This research focuses on managing library documents. In implementing this management and information organization activities, the SWCU Information Technology Faculty formed a task force under the name of the Center for Documentation and Scientific Information. The main task of the task unit is to plan, carry out and make reports on the implementation of tasks. The results of this study that the organization and retrieval of information and documents using the information system diagramming framework introduced by Doyle. Some of the problems that were encountered were that the space available for this activity was incomplete and was still waiting for the purchase or procurement of various equipment to support the creation of better and more adequate information organizing activities.
Trend of Extreme Precipitation over Sumatera Island for 1981-2010
Authors: Misnawati . , Perdanawanti Mega
Published: June 2019

Extreme climate events have significant impacts on various sectors such as agriculture, ecosystem, health and energy. The issue would lead to economic losses as well as social problems. This study aims to investigate the trend of extreme precipitation in Sumatera Island based on observed data during 30-year period, 1981–2010. There are ten indices of climate extreme as defined by ETCCDMI, which were tested in this study, including PRCPTOT, SDII, CDD, CWD, R10, R50, R95p, R99p, Rx1day and Rx5day. Then, the trend was analyzed based on the Mann-Kendall statistic, performed on the time series of precipitation data. The result shows that there was positive trend of extreme precipitation found in most stations over Sumatera, either statistically significant or insignificant. In each extreme precipitation indices, the number of observed stations indicating the insignificant change is higher than the significant one. This research also found that some indices including SDII, Rx1day, R50, R95p and R99p, showed a significantly-positive trend followed by a higher intensity of wetter and heavier events of extreme precipitation over Sumatera. On the other hand, the wet spell (CWD) index shows a negative trend (α=0.05).
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TENTANG PATTIMURA PARK SEBAGAI RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU
Authors: Padatu Alexander , Mardiatmoko Gun , Suhendy Ch. C. V.
Published: June 2019

Understanding or perceptions of the Ambon city community about the existence of Pattimura Park as a public green open space and its benefits are important to dense population of people can perform various activities, recreation and interact actively. This study aims to determine the community perception of the Pattimura Park as a Public green open space. Research method used was accidental sampling method. The analysis, while the community perception using Chi-square analysis. The results showed that the knowledge of Pattimura Park = 84%, the attitudes = 81.33%, the opinions = 84% and the expectation that benefited = 74.67%. Their various activities in the Pattimura Park cause various perceptions of the park.
PENGARUH PRODUKSI KAYU BULAT DAN JUMLAH IPHHK TERHADAP PRODUKSI KAYU GERGAJIAN DI PROVINSI MALUKU
Authors: M. Nur Umi Salam , Kastanya Agus , Maail Rohny S.
Published: June 2019

Efforts to increase the utilization of forest products are realized in the form of forest product processing industries which are referred to as primary forest product industries. The total forest area in Maluku Province is 3,919,701 Ha. The potential of natural forest production has decreased significantly. This condition certainly affects the amount of roundwood produced, in other words, the production of round wood has also decreased. On the other hand, the demand for wood in Maluku is very high indicated by the high capacity of existing industries. This condition does not support the sustainability of the timber industry. This research was carried out with the aim of 1) Knowing the production of timber forest products based on a case study conducted in Maluku Province. 2) analyze the effect of sawn timber production and the number of IPHHK on sawn timber production. The result of research show that the number of IPHHK in Maluku Province in 2017 is 80 units of industrial enterprises, the primary of which is active in the process of processing processed wood as much as 57 units. The results of linear regression analysis, it can be seen that because Fcount 7 Ftable, 0.723> 0.457, then H0 is rejected, meaning that there is a significant influence between the amount of round wood production, the number of IPHHK together for sawn timber production.
Pemurnian Garam Lokal Untuk Konsumsi Industri
Authors: Syafruddin Syafruddin , Munawar Munawar
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemurnian produk garam lokal, sehingga memenuhi standar sebagai garam untuk konsumsi industri. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 4 tahapan kegiatan yaitu pelarutan bahan baku, penyaringan, dan kristalisasi, serta analisis produk. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kemurnian garam lokal dapat ditingkat hingga kadar NaCl mencapai 98 %, dengan kadar CaCl2 0,22 %, MgCl2 0,14 %, dan total impurities 1,74 %.Kata kunci : pemurnian, garam lokal, kadar NaCl, total impurities
Analysis of the Kura River flooding in Azerbaijan territory in 2010 based on Hydrometeorologicall Observation and Remote Sensing
Authors: Aghayev Amil , Mahmudov Rza
Published: June 2019

Because
of ongoing global climate change on Earth, along with other natural disasters
floods widespread and frequent occurrence of this process in the Kura River
basin in Azerbaijan creates great threat for the local population, agriculture
and economy of the country. The core objective of the study was the analysis of
the flooding in 2010 based on hydrometeorological and satellite data. Assessment
of the hydrometeorological parameters that could cause flooding and tendency in
comparison of the water level with perennial norm in the Kura River were
conducted. Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) multispectral satellite images reflecting
this event were used. The map of flooded areas was developed by the usage of
different tools and modules of ArcGIS 10.2.1
New data on aphyllophoraceous fungi (Basidiomycota) of the protected areas of the Leningrad Region. X. State Nature Reserve «Kurgalsky»
Authors: Kotkova V. M.
Published: June 2019

The paper provides the data on aphyllophoroid fungi of the State Nature Reserve «Kurgalsky» situated in the Kingisepp District of the Leningrad Region. The list includes 285 species annotated by data on their habitats, substrates and frequency. In total 25 species protected in the Leningrad Region and 3 species protected in Russian Federation were found in the protected area. Chaetodermella luna, Phlebia subochracea and Trechispora stevensonii are published for the first time for the Leningrad Region. The specimens of selected species are kept in the Mycological Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE).
New for Russia species of agaricoid basidiomycetes from the National Park «Yugyd va» (Subpolar and Northern Urals)
Authors: Palamarchuk M. A. , Kirillov D. V.
Published: June 2019

Data on four new for Russia species of agaricoid basidiomycetes from the National Park «Yugyd va» (Komi Republic) are presented. Cortinarius emunctus, Inocybe nematoloma, Lactarius pilatii were collected in the foothills of the Northern Urals. Lactarius lepidotus was found on the western macroslope of the Subpolar Urals. Descriptions of findings based on collected materials and drawings of microstructures, information on ecology and distribution of the species are provided.
Naviculoid diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of relict Lake Mogilnoye (Kildin Island, Barents Sea)
Authors: Gogorev R. M. , Lange E. K.
Published: June 2019

New data on morphology and taxonomy of 16 pennate diatom species of three orders Naviculales, Lyrellales and Thalassiophysales found in subpolar meromictic Lake Mogilnoye at salinity of up to 4 ‰ and water temperature of about 10 °С are presented. A new species, Navicula sepulchralis Gogorev et E. Lange, sp. nov., is described. Its valves are 38–46 μm long, 11–13 μm wide and have 9.5–10.5 striae per 10 μm and 23–24 areolae per 10 μm of striae. N. sepulchralis is very similar to N. kohlmaieri in size of valves and number of striae, but differs in valve outline. Hippodonta cf. naviculiformis, Pinnularia birnirkiana, Seminavis barbara and Staurophora anuschkae were recorded for the first time in Russia, as well as a taxon, Chamaepinnularia krookiformis, — for the first time in the Murmansk Region, nine species were detected for the first time in the lake.
Rinodina megistospora (Physciaceae) in the Russian Far East
Authors: Galanina I. A. , Ezhkin A. K. , Yakovchenko L. S.
Published: June 2019

The paper presents new data on distribution of the lichen Rinodina megistospora in the Russian Far East and its revealed range in eastern Asia. R. megistospora is recorded for the first time for the Sakhalin Region (Sakhalin and Iturup islands). It has been found on the territory of Russia in eight localities in the boreal and nemoral zones of Northeast Asia. The species grows in old-growth intact coniferous and oak forests on bark of Betula sp., Kalopanax septemlobus, Picea sp., Quercus crispula and Sorbus sp. Current data suggest that R. megistospora is one of the species belonging to the Eastern Asiatic — Western North American group of species, characterized by disjunctive range. The paper presents the anatomical and morphological description of Rinodina megistospora, based on the examined specimens.
On the genus Ulota (Orthotrichaceae, Bryophyta) in Russia
Authors: Fedosov V. E. , Ignatova E. A.
Published: June 2019

Specimens of the genus Ulota kept in the bryological herbaria of MW, MHA, LE, NSK, IRK, UUH, VLA and VBGI were revisited basing on the recent taxonomical treatments of the genus in Europe, Asia and North America. Among ten species of the genus previously known from the territory of Russia, U. phyllantha was recently transferred to the new genus, Plenogemma, while Ulota crispa, which has been considered before in the broad sense, was proved to include at least three separate species, U. crispa s. str., U. intermedia and U. crispula; all three species occur in Russia. According to our results, diversity of the genus within North East Asian center (cf. Garilleti et al., 2015) was underestimated. Two new species from the of U. japonica affinity, U. orientalis sp. nov. and U. pacifica sp. nov. are described herein from north Pacific Region (Khabarovsk Territory and South Kurils correspondingly). Thus, at least thirteen taxa of the genus are presently known in Russia; distribution data were significantly corrected for some of them. Key to identification of Ulota species in Russia and adjacent areas is provided; their distribution is discussed and mapped.
Calypogeia fissa (Calypogeiaceae, Marchantiophyta) in the Northwestern European Russia
Authors: Potemkin A. D.
Published: June 2019

Calypogeia fissa is a species poorly known in Russia, which description has not been published in native literature since 1936. It is reported for the first time for the mainland Leningrad Region fr om the Kurgalsky Peninsula, near the Russian-Estonian border. Previously it was collected in the Leningrad Region in Hogland Island, Gulf of Finland. These are the only known recent records of C. fissa fr om the Northwestern European Russia at its eastern lim it of distribution in Europe. The species is represented in the study area by C. fissa f. subintegrifolia, which may be easily confused in the field with the other species of Calypogeia due to its mostly entire leaves. Morphological description and photographs of C. fissa from the Leningrad Region and its habitat in the Kurgalsky Peninsula are provided. Distribution, ecology, variation and differentiation of C. fissa are discussed.
New moss species (Bryophyta) for the Franz Josef Land (Russian Arctic)
Authors: Moseev D. S. , Sergiyenko L. A. , Kuzmina E. Yu.
Published: June 2019

The data on the finding of the 9 moss species new for the Franz Joseph Land Archipelago, collected from Kane, Hayes, Alger, Smith, Big Etherege's, Bell, Hooker and Maybel islands of the Franz Joseph Land Archipelago during the complex expedition of the «Open Ocean: Arctic Archipelagos — 2016» («О2А2-2016») are presented. Calliergon megalophyllum, Campylium protensum and Drepanocladus aduncus were firstly recorded for the polar deserts of the northern hemisphere. The records of these species in the archipelago change the notion on the northern limits of their ranges. Mosses are recorded for the first time for Kane, Alger, Li-Smith, Big Etherege's and Bell islands. The ecological characteristics of the habitats and distribution of species are provided. The recommendations for protection of newly found rare species are given.
Cryptogamic nomenclatural notes. 2
Authors: Sokolova I. V. , Gogorev R. M.
Published: June 2019

New combinations for Actinocyclus maccollumii, Synedra camtschatica var. finnmarchica and Synedra salina are proposed. Replacement names for the later homonyms of Amphiprora hyalina, Navicula constricta and N. grunovii are published.
New cryptogamic records. 2
Authors: Czernyadjeva I. V. , Kotkova V. M. , Zemlyanskaya I. V. , Novozhilov Yu. K. , Vlasenko A. V. , Blagoveshchenskaya E. Yu. , Georgieva M. L. , Notov A. A. , Himelbrant D. E. , Muchnik E. E. , Urbanavichene I. N. , Aristarkhova E. A. , Bocharnikov M. V. , Ismailov A. B.
Published: June 2019

First records of aphyllophoroid fungi for the Novgorod Region, myxomycetes for the Volgograd and Novosibirsk regions and Altai Territory, rust fungi for the Trans-Baikal Territory, lichens for the Tver and Moscow regions, lichenicolous fungus for Russia and the Republic of Dagestan, mosses for the Republic of Buryatia and data on their localities, habitats, distribution are provided.
Actinocyclus pseudopodolicus sp. nov. and infraspecific complex of A. octonarius (Bacillariophyta) from Holocene sediments of the Sea of Azov
Authors: Gogorev R. M. , Kovaleva G. V. , Nazarenko A. V.
Published: June 2019

New data on morphology of 7 infraspecific taxa of Actinocyclus octonarius, frequently found in the Holocene deposits of the Sea of Azov, are presented. New species A. pseudopodolicus Kovaleva et Gogorev, sp. nov., and variety A. octonarius var. tonsura Kovaleva et Gogorev, var. nov. are described. They are similar to varieties of A. octonarius and some other Actinocyclus species but differ from them in presence of curved fascicules of areolae in A. pseudopodolicus and hyaline ring on valves of A. octonarius var. tonsura.
On morphology of the stomatocyst 53 Duff et Smol, 1991 (Chrysophyceae) from a mire pool on Bali Island (Indonesia)
Authors: Kapustin D. A.
Published: June 2019

The stomatocyst 53 Duff et Smol 1991 was recorded in Indonesia for the first time. This is the first record of this morphotype outside Holarctic. Based on SEM observations we revealed that stomatocyst 53 has a true complex collar rather than a simple one. An emended description of stomatocyst 53 is given.
INTERNET-BASED PROJECT WORK// Social Sciences: Achievements and Prospects Journal 4(12), 2019/ OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Mark Freeman - Barcelona, Spain. 16.05.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - pp. 34-40.
Authors: Erzhanova Zhanna Borisovna , Erzhanova Zhanna Borisovna
Published: June 2019

Some words about attitudes to technology: many people are afraid of new technology and, with the increasing presence of the Internet and computers, the term technophobe has appeared to refer to those of us who might be wary of these new developments. More recently, the term digital native has been coined to refer to someone who grows up using technology, and who thus feels comfortable and confident with it there is a tendency to call computer users either technophobes or technogeeks ( a term for a technology enthusiast) the truth is that most of us probably fall somewhere between the two extremes. A large part of the negative attitudes teachers have towards technology is usually the result of a lack of confidence, a lack of facilities or a lack of training, resulting in an inability to see the benefit of using technologies in the classroom. It is also often the case that teachers may not be fully in control of their work situations. A teacher may want to use more technology in their teaching, but the school may not have the facilities, or, on the other hand, a teacher may be instructed to start using technology for which they feel unprepared or untrained.
DISTANCE EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION: PROBLEMS, SEARCH FOR A SOLUTION// Social Sciences: Achievements and Prospects Journal 4(12), 2019/ OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Mark Freeman - Barcelona, Spain. 16.05.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - pp. 29-33.
Authors: Erzhanova Zhanna Borisovna , Manankova Olga Alexandrovna
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the analysis of distance education in the modern globalization, as well as the problems and difficulties faced by teachers and students in the process of this form of training. Distance learning system provides an excellent opportunity for higher education to those who did not have or want to get a second education with the aim of improving the quality of life, as well as their material and spiritual needs. This article, highlighting some of the difficulties and problems of training in modern globalization, can help teachers to allow and overcome some of these new problems.
The Rainbow Mental Health Support Experiences Study: Summary of Findings
Authors: Fraser Gloria
Published: June 2019

International research shows that sex, sexuality, and gender diverse peoplearound the world experience high rates of adverse mental health outcomesas a result of stress caused by stigma, violence, and discrimination. Researchfrom Aotearoa – a country well-known for being at the forefront of socialchange – suggests that mental health disparities within rainbow communitiesreflect those seen overseas, but there is a current lack of research examiningwhether rainbow community members are receiving the support they need. This research aimed to extend current understandings of rainbow therapy experiences, in order to inform training for culturally competent mental health care in the New Zealand context. An online survey was completed by 1575 rainbow people who had accessed mental health services in Aotearoa. This report presents an overview of the survey findings.