bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ibuprofen, a Potential Cause of Acute Hemorrhagic Gastritis in Children - A Case Report
Authors: Mărginean Maria Oana , Meliț Lorena Elena , Mocanu Simona , Săsăran Vlăduț
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is an uncommon but possible life-threatening entity in children, frequently caused by erosive gastritis. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the most common class of drugs which can cause gastrointestinal complications, including hemorrhagic gastritis.

Case report: The case of a 6-year-old male, admitted for hematemesis, abdominal pain and loss of appetite. It was ascertained at the time of admission, that ibuprofen had been prescribed as the patient had a fever. This was inappropriately administered as the mother did not respect the intervals between the doses.

Initial laboratory tests revealed neutrophilia, leukopenia, high levels of lactate dehydrogenase and urea. An upper digestive endoscopy revealed an increased friability of the mucosa, digested blood in the gastric corpus and fornix. No active bleeding site was detected. The histopathological examination described a reactive modification of the corporeal gastric mucosa. Intravenous treatment with proton pump inhibitors and fluid replacement were initiated, with favorable results.

Conclusion: Ibuprofen can lead to upper digestive hemorrhage independently of the administered dose. Parents should avoid administering Ibuprofen for fever suppression without consulting their pediatrician.
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome as a Multidisciplinary Challenge. A Literature Review
Authors: Popescu Gabriel Alexandru , Bara Tivadar , Rad Paul
Published: November 2018

Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (ACS), despite recent advances in medical and surgical care, is a significant cause of mortality. The purpose of this review is to present the main diagnostic and therapeutic aspects from the anesthetical and surgical points of view. Intra-abdominal hypertension may be diagnosed by measuring intra-abdominal pressure and indirectly by imaging and radiological means. Early detection of ACS is a key element in the ACS therapy. Without treatment, more than 90% of cases lead to death and according with the last reports, despite all treatment measures, the mortality rate is reported as being between 25 and 75%. There are conflicting reports as to the importance of a conservative therapy approach, although such an approach is the central to treatment guidelines of the World Society of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome, Decompressive laparotomy, although a backup solution in ACS therapy, reduces mortality by 16-37%. The open abdomen management has several variants, but negative pressure wound therapy represents the gold standard of surgical treatment.
Expression pattern of long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 in the remission induction therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Gasic Vladimir , Stankovic Biljana , Zukic Branka , Janic Dragana , Dokmanovic Lidija , Krstovski Nada , Lazic Jelena , Milosevic Goran , Lucafò Marianna , Stocco Gabriele , Decorti Giuliana , Pavlovic Sonja , Kotur Nikola
Published: November 2018

Background

Long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is deregulated in many cancers because of its role in cell growth arrest and apoptosis. Additionally,GAS5interacts with glucocorticoid receptor, making it a potential pharmacotranscription marker of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. In this study, we aimed at analysingGAS5expression in the remission induction therapy phase of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), in which GCs are mandatorily used, and to correlate it with therapy response.

Methods

GAS5 expression was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells taken from 29 childhood ALL patients at diagnosis, on day 15 and day 33 of remission induction therapy using RT-qPCR methodology.

Results

Our results have shown interindividual differences inGAS5expression at all time points. For each ALL patient,GAS5expression was higher on day 15 in comparison to its level at diagnosis (p<0.0005). On day 33, the level ofGAS5expression decreased in comparison with day 15 (p<0.0005), but it was still significantly higher than at diagnosis for the majority of patients (p=0.001). Patients whose number of blasts on day 8 was below 100 per μL of peripheral blood had a higherGAS5expression at diagnosis (p=0.016), and lower ratio day 15/diagnosis (p=0.009).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the expression level ofGAS5could be a potential marker of therapy response in remission induction therapy of childhood ALL.
Plasma cathepsin S is associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and bilirubin in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Mirjanic-Azaric Bosa , Vasic Novak , Cerne Darko , Kos Janko , Bogavac-Stanojevic Natasa
Published: November 2018

Background

Cathepsin S (CTSS) is a cysteine protease involved in atherogenesis. We compared the plasma CTSS as well as other biomarkers of atherosclerosis in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and aortoiliac occlusive disease (AOD), aiming to identify the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of the disease development. Also, we hypothesised that the level of plasma CTSS simultaneously increases with a decrease of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) values.

Methods

33 patients with AAA and 34 patients with AOD were included in this study.

Results

There was no difference in the level of plasma CTSS between the two analysed groups (p=0.833). In the patients with AAA, the plasma CTSS was correlated with HDL-C (r = -0.377, p = 0.034) and total bilirubin (r =0.500, p = 0.003) while, unexpectedly, it was not correlated with cystatin C (Cys C) (r =0.083, p = 0.652). In the patients with AOD, the plasma CTSS correlated with triglycerides (r = 0.597, p< 0.001), only. When the patients were divided according to HDL-C (with HDL-C ≤0.90 and HDL-C >0.90 mmol/L), the plasma CTSS values differed among these groups (31.27vs.25.61 μg/L, respectively, p<0.001).

Conclusions

These results provide the first evidence that CTSS negatively correlated with HDL-C and bilirubin in patients with AAA. It is possible that differences in the association of the CTSS and other markers of atherosclerosis can determine whether atherosclerotic aorta will develop dilatation or stenosis.
TNF-α and IL-6 as biomarkers of impaired lung functions in dimethylacetamide exposure
Authors: Tutkun Lütfiye , İritaş Servet Birgin , Deniz Serdar , Öztan Özgür , Abuşoğlu Sedat , Ünlü Ali , Türksoy Vugar Ali , Çetintepe Sultan Pınar
Published: November 2018

Background

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are well-known biomarkers of systemic inflammation that have been associated with many diseases in the past. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between impaired lung functions and the levels of these biomarkers in DMAc exposed people.

Methods

101 non-exposed control subjects (Group 1) and 109 DMAc-exposed workers from the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) industry were included in the study. In the next step, the exposed group was divided into two groups according to the level of exposure (Group 2 and 3). DMAc, TNF-α, IL-6, creatinine, ALT, AST, GFR and standard spirometry measurements were carried out in all subjects.

Results

When compared to the control group, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly high compatible with the increase of DMAc levels, in the exposed groups. Urinary DMAc Levels were 0.06 mg/L in the control group. This level is significantly low when compared to exposed and severely exposed group (2.43 mg/L and 3.17 mg/L). TNF-α levels were 56.86 pg/mL, 145.52 pg/mL and 230.52 pg/mL in control, exposed and severely exposed groups. IL-6 levels were found to be 38.08 pg/mL, 89.19 pg/mL and 116 pg/mL for control, exposed and severely exposed groups, respectively. Similarly, the FEV1/FVC ratio decreased especially in the severely exposed group (p 0.001).

Conclusions

In our study, results have revealed that TNF-and IL-6 levels are promising biomarkers in the early diagnosis of lung function impairment in inhalational DMAc exposure.
Genetic analysis of the M gene of equine influenza virus strains isolated in Poland, in the context of the Asian-like group formation
Authors: Kwaśnik Małgorzata , Góra Ilona M. , Żmudziński Jan F. , Rola Jerzy , Polak Mirosław P. , Rożek Wojciech
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Traditionally, evolutionary analysis of equine influenza virus (EIV) is based on the HA gene. However, the specificity of the influenza virus enables the classification of viral strains into different phylogenetic groups, depending on the gene being analysed. The aim of the study was to analyse phylogenetic paths of EIV based on M gene with reference to the HA gene.

Material and Methods: M gene of Polish isolates has been sequenced and analysed along with all M sequences of EIV available in GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using BioEdit, ClustalW, and MEGA7 softwares.

Results: The clustering of the strains isolated not only from Asia but also from Europe into one common Asian-like group of EIV was observed. Twelve nucleotide substitutions in the M gene of strains from the Asian-like group were crucial for the evolutionary analysis. We also observed homology in the M gene of the Asian-like and H7N7 strains.

Conclusions: M gene specific for the Asian-like group is present in strains recently isolated in Europe and Asia, which were classified previously in the Florida 2 clade based on HA. Therefore, Asian-like group does not seem to be assigned to a specific geographical region. Traces of H7N7 strains in more conservative genes like M of some contemporary EIV strains may indicate the link between the old phylogenetic group and recent H3N8 strains. Analysis of conservative genes may be more useful in tracking the direction of virus evolution than in the genes where the high variability rate may blur the original relationships.
Treatment of selected canine dermatological conditions in Portugal – a research survey
Authors: Oliveira Ana , Devesa Joana S.P. , Hill Peter B. , Silva Vanessa , Poeta Patrícia
Published: November 2018

Introduction:
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Malassezia pachydermatis often cause skin diseases in dogs.

Material and Methods: An online survey was e-mailed to veterinary practices nationwide covering demographics, diagnosis methods, and oral and topical treatment options. Of the 740 surveys sent, 100 complete replies were obtained.

Results: The majority of clinicians were unaware of the existence of the International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases guidelines or did not follow them (53%). Oral antibiotics were used universally for superficial bacterial folliculitis treatment, particularly amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (100%), cephalexin (94%), enrofloxacin (67%), or marbofloxacin (60%). For fold dermatitis (FD) and otitis externa (OE), oral antibiotics were also given as treatment in 88% and 82% of cases, respectively. Oral antifungals were often prescribed for generalised Malassezia dermatitis (85%), FD (70%), and OE (59%). S. pseudintermedius and M. pachydermatis were frequently treated topically, particularly with antibacterials or antifungals only, or a combination of antibacterials, antifungals, and glucocorticoids. Alternative options such as honey-based products were not frequently used.

Conclusion: Our survey suggests that oral antibiotics are overused by Portuguese clinicians despite the spread of antibiotic resistant S. pseudintermedius. Oral antibiotics and antifungals are commonly prescribed for skin conditions manageable with topical treatments.
Results of a 16-week safety assurance study with rats fed genetically modified Bt maize: effect on growth and health parameters
Authors: Szymczyk Beata , Szczurek Witold , Świątkiewicz Sylwester , Kwiatek Krzysztof , Sieradzki Zbigniew , Mazur Małgorzata , Bednarek Dariusz , Reichert Michał
Published: November 2018

Introduction: The influence of feeding genetically modified MON 810 hybrid maize on the growth and haematological and biochemical indices of rats was tested.

Material and Methods: Two conventional (non-GM) and two test (MON 810) lines of maize were used in semi-purified diets at the level of 40% w/w. The non-GM I, MON 810 I, non-GM II, and MON 810 II maize lines were near-isogenic. A total of 40 male 6-week-old Wistar-derived rats were assigned to four equal feeding groups corresponding to the four maize lines for 16 weeks. Overall, health, body weight gain, clinical pathology parameters, gross changes, and appearance of tissues were compared between groups.

Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the weight gain or relative organ weights of rats, but there were some non diet-related histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and spleen. Except for creatinine level, no diet-related effects were observed in haematology or most of the biochemical indices. Transgenic DNA of MON 810 maize was not detected in the tissues or faeces nor in the DNA of E. coli isolated from the rectum digesta of rats given transgenic feeds. In our experiment, various metabolic indices of rats fed non-GM diets or genetically modified (MON 810) maize for 16 weeks were similar. No adverse nutrition-related health effects were detected.

Conclusion: MON 810 maize seems to be as safe as the conventional maize lines.
“Netlect” in Albanian: The Social Network Variety
Authors: Paçarizi Rrahman
Published: November 2018

Instant messaging, texting, or even Computer Mediated Communication are the terms used to refer to communication in social networks. These terms are not the most appropriate ones because the technology and platforms of this way of communication have evolved rapidly. Since this communication is widespread, there is a need to have a much more standardized communication in terms of the language variety used for it. Having in mind various principles of socio cognitive approach in terminology, the study aimed to build a new appropriate term in this regard. Having in mind all the circumstances and the scale of standardization of this way of communication, I think that the best term that fits it is “Netlect”. This is done in order to include, using the same word, the name of the platform where this communication is being developed (net) and the paradigm for linguistic variety (lect), as in socio+lect, dia+lect etc. The case of Albanian and other languages goes in favour of this term because we are talking about “a language variety that never existed before”, as Ferrara, Brunner, and Whittemore stated earlier in 1991.
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: An Exploration of the Entrepreneurship Model for SMEs in Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Al-Abri M. Yahya. , Rahim A. Abdul , Hussain N. H.
Published: November 2018

SME has a significant impact on the growth and development of any nation economy. The entrepreneurship in Oman expected to be a leading factor in the economic due to the opportunities afforded by increasing economic diversification and corresponding rise in job opportunities and other benefits. However, entrepreneurship has faced many challenges and obstacles to its progress and growth in Oman, despite the fact that the government has supported this sector to stimulate the market. However, studies show that many challenges are still plague both startups and governments. This study therefore aims to develop an ecosystem for entrepreneurship in the Omani context as a new solution to overcome such challenges. Entrepreneurship ecosystem has a positive influence on business growth and on the creation of new businesses, with the result that this concept has received attention from both academics and policy makers. By using a qualitative research method, a total of 10 interviewees were selected to answer the major research questions and thus provide more explanation about the issues that SME faces and find the exact factors that can influence these types of enterprises. Based on the findings from qualitative research through discussions with entrepreneurs, we can conclude that there are five factors: human capital; government; support; finance and technology, all of which have a significant impact on Omani entrepreneurship success and start-ups. These results contribute to the current literature regarding entrepreneurship ecosystems. They also give greater attention to the policy makers in Oman who facilitate the implementation of this framework as well as motivating the different business owners or start-ups to develop their business strategies based on the requirements shown in the framework. In addition, a number of suggestions have been presented as focus points when developing a strategic plan to support the entrepreneurship sector.
The Impact of Corporate Governance on Company Performance: A Study among Medium and Large Enterprises in Kosovo
Authors: Mustafa Saxhide , Berisha Hajdin , Llaci Shyqyri
Published: November 2018

An effective corporate governance system is established to ensure proper balance of long-term interests of different stakeholders (primarily: owners, employees and management) and improve company's performance and its competitive position in the market. This paper provides a theoretical discussion and empirical evidence on the interdependence between corporate governance and company performance among medium and large enterprises in Kosovo. A questionnaire survey was employed for data collection purposes. The study included a sample of 87 managers from 87 medium and large enterprises. Results indicate that effects of corporate governance on the performance tend to be greater in larger companies. Regarding the determinants, the theoretical expectations are confirmed. Results confirm that the size of the company, the level of investment, export activities and company life expectancy are statistically significant determinants of the adoption of corporate governance practices. As a result, larger companies with large scales of investment and longer market experience tend to adopt more corporate governance practices. The study suggests that corporate governance will inevitably affect companies’ performance and further research is needed in this context.
Maximum Values of Frozen Soil’s Depth and Hoar Frost’s Thickness Estimated on the Basis of Extreme Values Theory
Authors: Nedealcov Maria , Răileanu Valentin , Croitoru Gheorghe , Rodica Cojocari , Olga Crivova
Published: November 2018

Extreme climatic phenomena present risk factors for agriculture, health, constructions, etc. and are studied profoundly these past years using extreme value theory. Several relation that describe positive extreme values’ probability Generalized Extreme Value and Gumbel distribution are presented in the article. As a example, we show the maps of characteristic and reference values of the maximum depth of the frozen soil and thickness of hoar-frost with a probability of exceeding per year equal to 0,02, which is equivalent to the mean return interval of 50 years. The obtained results could serve as a base for elaboration of national annexes in constructions.
Snow Cover and Frosts of April 2017 on the Territory of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Puțuntică Anatolie
Published: November 2018

This study investigates the event of a great snowfall on the territory of the Republic of Moldova in the third decade of April, 2017. The mechanical action of weight led harmed the agricultural crops, woody vegetation, electric networks and comunications, deteriorate glass and pellicle greenhouses. The most affected regions of snow and frost were the southern and central ones.
The Evaluation of the Tropospheric Ozone Variability in the Municipality of Suceava from the Meteorological Perspective
Authors: Mihăilă Dumitru , Briciu Andrei-Emil , Ursul Gina
Published: November 2018

The daily, monthly and annual variations of the tropospheric ozone in the area of Suceava municipality are described and explained by using the correlations between the ozone concentration and the local meteorological parameters. The meteorological parameters are as follows: the air temperature, the air humidity, the sunshine duration, the wind speed and direction. All parameters represent hourly datasets recorded in the interval 2004-2007. The Pearson correlation coefficients and the linear regressions were obtained for daily, monthly and yearly scales. Significant positive correlations between the O3 and the temperature and strong negative correlations between the O3 and the air humidity were found, especially between 11 a.m. and 8 p.m., during the warm season. The sunshine duration and the wind speed and direction were found to have weaker, but good positive correlation with the O3 during the same hourly interval. The weekend effect of the ozone exists in the City of Suceava too, as the reduced road traffic during the weekend causes higher concentrations of ozone. The wavelet analyses were conducted in order to further explain the variability of the ozone.
The Importance of Environmental Attitudes Towards Products for Sustainability and Business Strategies
Authors: Kalburan Cetin , Hasiloglu Selcuk Burak
Published: November 2018

In green marketing, it is crucial for businesses to decide first to whether the environmental benefits of the product or its individual benefits should be emphasized. Knowing the environmental behaviors of those who prefer these products in their daily lives will also help to classify the consumers. In this research, the relationship between ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes towards products, environmental behavior, eco-brand awareness, and eco-brand loyalty have been investigated in order to highlight the aforementioned issues. These relationships have been tested with a structural equation model. Within the scope of the research, the questionnaire method was used as the data collection method. The sample of the research consists of teacher candidates. The results show that there is a positive relationship between ecocentric attitude towards products and environmental behavior and no statistically significant relationship between anthropocentric attitude and environmental behavior. In addition, there was a positive relationship between environmental behavior and brand awareness; and brand awareness and brand loyalty.
Distribution and habitat preferences of Polygonum arenarium subsp. arenarium (Polygonaceae) in Slovakia
Authors: Eliáš Pavol , Dítě Daniel , Dítě Zuzana , Bakay Ladislav
Published: November 2018

The paper presents data on the distribution and habitat preferences ofPolygonum arenariumsubsp.arenariumin Slovakia. The study showed a rapid decrease in the number of localities in Slovakia in recent decades, due to destruction of sandy habitats. At present the taxon is considered to be very rare. We recorded it in stands of pioneer vegetation of theFestucetea vaginataeclass developed on open sandy dunes, in the associationsFestucetum vaginataeandBassio laniflorae-Brometum tectorum.
Expert-Like Use of Hedges and Boosters in Research Articles Written by Polish and English Native-Speaker Writers
Authors: Hryniuk Katarzyna
Published: November 2018

The present study compares the use of main interpersonal metadiscourse markers - hedges and boosters - in a corpus of 40 research articles from the area of applied linguistics, written in English by native speakers and Polish writers. Used as communicative strategies, these words and expressions increase (boosters) or reduce (hedges) the force of arguments. In order to gain an in-depth insight and to achieve greater precision, in the analysis the author utilizes a concordance tool WordSmith 6.0 (Scott 2012). The results point to important discrepancies in the usage of these text features by authors representing different native languages and cultures. The study has important implications for developing competence in writing for publication in English as a Foreign Language.
Comparing Formulaicity of Learner Writing through Phrase-Frames: A Corpus-Driven Study of Lithuanian and Polish EFL Student Writing
Authors: Juknevičienė Rita , Grabowski Łukasz
Published: November 2018

Learner corpus research continues to provide evidence of how formulaic language is (mis)used by learners of English as a foreign language (EFL). This paper deals with less investigated multi-word units in EFL contexts, namely, phrase-frames (Fletcher 2002–2007), i.e. sets of n-grams identical except for one word (it is * to, in the * of). The study compares Lithuanian and Polish learner writing in English in terms of phrase-frames and contrasts them with native speakers. The analysis shows that certain differences between Lithuanian and Polish learners result from transfer from their native languages, yet both groups of learners share many common features. Most importantly, the phrase-frame approach highlights structural peculiarities of learner writing which are otherwise difficult to capture.
Determination of Emissivity of Brass Alloy using Infrared Thermographic Technique
Authors: Lanc Zorana , Zeljković Milan , Živković Aleksandar , Štrbac Branko , Hadžistević Miodrag
Published: November 2018

This paper presents the experimental determination of the dependence of emissivity of brass on surface roughness and temperature. The investigation was conducted using the infrared thermographic technique on brass alloy C27200 workpieces with different degrees of surface roughness, during the continuous cooling process. The results obtained showed that the emissivity of the chosen brass alloy increases with greater surface roughness and decreases during the cooling process, its value ranging from 0.07 to 0.19. It was concluded that surface roughness has a greater influence on the increase of the emissivity at higher temperatures, which can be seen in the three-dimensional infrared images. Multiple regression analysis confirmed a strong correlation between the examined parameters and the emissivity, and an original multiple regression model was determined.
Correlation Between Burnout Syndrome and Anxiety in Military Personnel
Authors: Vojvodic Aleksandra R. , Dedic Gordana
Published: November 2018

Professional military personnel are exposed to a large number of stressors every day at a higher rate than the civilian population, which can lead to psychological disturbances, primarily anxiety, as well as burnout syndrome. The aim of our investigation was to determine the correlation between burnout syndrome and anxiety in military personnel of the Serbian Armed Forces.

The cross-sectional study included a total of 311 professional military personnel (officers, non-commissioned officers and professional soldiers), between 23 to 53 years of age (35.3±7 years, on the average) without previous diagnosis of mental disorder. For purpose of this study we used Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). MBI contains three subscales, which measure three components of burnout: Emotional exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP) and Personal accomplishment (PA). The statistical analysis included parametric and non-parametric descriptive statistics.

The highest level of burnout was measured on the sub-scales Emotional exhaustion (EE) in military personnel from 23 to 30 years old (p<0.05), while anxiety increased with age of military personnel (p<0.001). Total scores on the subscales Emotional exhaustion (EE) and Depersonalization (DP) increased, while on the subscale Personal accomplishment (PA) decreased with the increase of the total BAI score (p<0.001).

There was a correlation between burnout syndrome and anxiety in professional military personnel of Serbian Armed Forces. Improving the financial situation, paid recreational breaks and reduction of professional obligations could decrease anxiety and affect the prevention of the occurrence of burnout syndrome in the military environment.
Costs of Treatment of Severe COPD Exacerbation in Serbia
Authors: Pavlovic Radisa , Stojkov Svetlana , Binakaj Zahida
Published: November 2018

The main objective of this investigation was to determine and summarize the economic burden of severe COPD exacerbations that required hospitalization and the difference in the costs of treatment between patients with frequent (at least two exacerbations in one year) and infrequent exacerbation.

Our results suggested that significantly more resources had to be spent to treat patients with at least two hospitalizations during the study related to the use of medications primarily affecting the respiratory system (corticosteroids, p = 0.013, theophylline, p = 0.007) and total hospital stay (31336.68 ± 19140 RSD/517.53 ± 316.1 EUR versus 23650.15 ± 14956.0 RSD/390.59 ± 247 EUR, p=0.002) compared to patients who stayed in a semi-intensive care unit (12875.35 ± 20742.54 RSD versus 4310.62 ± 9779.78 RSD/ 212.64 ± 342.57 EUR versus 71.19 ± 161.51 EUR, p=0.006). Based on the total number of days in the hospital, the costs of the drugs, the materials used and services provided, patients from the frequent exacerbation group had significantly higher costs (80034.1 ± 36823.7 RSD/1321.78 ± 608.15 EUR versus 69425.5 ± 34083.1 RSD/1146.58 ± 562.89 EUR) comparedthan patients in the infrequent exacerbation group (p=0.039).

Our results indicate that significantly more funds will be spent treating the deterioration of patients who stay longer in the hospital or in the semi-intensive care unit. Their condition will require a significantly greater use of drugs that are primarily used to treat the respiratory system and, therefore, will utiliseutilize significantly more resources.
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Allium Ursinum
Authors: Krivokapic Milos , Bradic Jovana , Petkovic Anica , Popovic Marina
Published: November 2018

Allium ursinum L. is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Alliaceae family. Several classes of bioactive compounds have been isolated from A. ursinum so far, among them sulfur and phenolic compounds as quantitatively the most distributed constituents, responsible for pharmaceutical effects of the plant. Small amounts of steroidal glucosides, lecitins, fatty acids and several amino acids, as well as the essential oil are also present in A. ursinum. Th is plant species is characterized by a long history of use in traditional medicine in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, as digestive stimulant, antimicrobial agent, as a remedy in respiratory problems, insomnia and fainting. Despite its widespread use for medicinal purposes since the ancient time, studies referring to its pharmacological activity are still lacking. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge related to the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Allium ursinum. Th is study may be a starting point for future researches in this field, which would fully clarify therapeutic potential of A. ursinum and make it a possible candidate for medicinal product.
I believe that he didn’t do it and I don’t believe that he did it. The influence of context on the semantic-communicative relations between sentence negation and performative negation
Authors: Maciuszek Józef
Published: November 2018

The subject matter of the paper is an analysis of the semantic relations between sentence negation, performative negation, and declarations in reference to utterances which speech acts theory gives the label of representatives. Apart from linguistic-semantic analyses, empirical studies have been conducted on the manner in which sentence negation and performative negation are processed. The results of Study I demonstrate that the semantic relation between sentence negation and performative negation changes depend on the type of comment (positive vs. negative), and contextual factors (type of expectations towards events being commented on). As it turned out, when the situational context suggests a negative comment by the sender, participants offer similar interpretations of utterances with sentence negation and performative negation. In Study II the participants assessed the likelihood of the occurrence of the facts spoken of by a sender who uses sentence negation or performative negation. In a context suggesting positive utterances by the sender, a clear difference emerged between sentence negation and performative negation. This difference was not present in respect of negative expectations. The results achieved confirm the assumptions of the model of conversational inference regarding the influence of context on interpretation of a message. The recorded results indicate the semantic relations between declarations, sentence negation, and performative negation, which change depending on the affective significance of the message and contextual factors.
Logical rules and the determinacy of meaning
Authors: McCarty Charles
Published: November 2018

The use of conventional logical connectives either in logic, in mathematics, or in both cannot determine the meanings of those connectives. This is because every model of full conventional set theory can be extended conservatively to a model of intuitionistic set plus class theory, a model in which the meanings of the connectives are decidedly intuitionistic and nonconventional. The reasoning for this conclusion is acceptable to both intuitionistic and classical mathematicians. En route, I take a detour to prove that, given strictly intuitionistic principles, classical negation cannot exist.
Comments on the acceptance and rejection of sentences in theology
Authors: Olszewski Adam
Published: November 2018

This work is interdisciplinary as it lies at the crossroads of three disciplines: philosophy, theology, and logic. The article attempts to discuss the way in which sentences (judgements) are accepted and rejected within theology. First, the role of the argument of authority in theology is discussed. Subsequently, the most important types of theorems with certain degrees of theological certainty were identified. Finally, censorship was presented as a means of rejecting theorems in theology. Finally, censorship was indicated as a model for philosophical-logical research on denial.
International committee of sport pedagogy and its contribution to the development of physical education, physical activities and sport in the world and building related policies
Authors: Antala Branislav , Luptáková Gabriela
Published: November 2018

The explosion of information and the development of information and communication technologies contribute to serious worldwide problems - sedentary life styles and physical inactivity of people, all with related health, economic and social consequences. International organizations are actively addressing these current problems of the world. Good example of successful cooperation between international bodies is ICSSPE's International Committee of Sport Pedagogy (ICSP) and its participation on international projects: "International Position Statement on Physical Education", "Benchmarks for Physical Education", "Designed to Move", "Global Voices on Quality of Physical Education and Sport", "International Charter of Physical Education, Physical Activities and Sport", "Quality Physical Education Guidelines for Policy Makers", "Madagascar project"
Realization of the teaching of physical education in the Uzice gymnasium from establishment to the First World War (1839 - 1914)
Authors: Zlatić Obrad , Mijatović Slađana , Vukašinović Vladan , Šiljak Violeta
Published: November 2018

Citizens of Uzice received a high school in 1839 for the first time by moving the semi-grammar school from Cacak. After three years,in 1842, the semi-grammar school moved from Užice to Čačak. Twenty-three years have passed until the reopening of the semi-grammar school in Uzice. With minor interruptions in work, caused primarily by war conflicts, the School worked until the beginning of the First World War in 1914. This research sought to learn about the realization of physical education in Uzice High School since its foundation until the beginning of the First World War. The aim of the research was to find out the time of introduction of physical education in Uzice Gymnasium and its realization in that period, in all its important elements (teaching program and its performance, teachers, material resources, equipment). In this research, a historical method was used. Teaching of physical education (body-education, guided tutoring and gymnastics) in Uzice High School was not realized in the period from 1839 to 1878. The first data relating to the attempt to introduce physical education in the Gymnasium of Uzice dated back to 1874. In school year of 1878/79 in the course of the year, the teaching of physical education began within the curriculum, which ,at the beginning of the school year was reviewed and adopted by the school's professor council. By bringing and adopting a curriculum for gymnastics and military exercises from 1882 to 1990, the realization of teaching has characteristics of militarized training. After 1890, there was a period in which there was no teaching of physical education. With the opening of the newly built building of Gymnasium in 1893, the conditions for a better implementation of the curricula of physical education, which were prescribed by the Ministry of Education, were met. When Josif Jehlichka came to Gymnasium in Uzice to the invitation of the Ministry of Education of the Kingdom of Serbia, in 1911, as a teacher of gymnastics, a significant rise in the realization of the teaching of physical education in Uzice High School was made.
The social aspects of sport
Authors: Bazić Jovan
Published: November 2018

In this paper we evaluated the basic viewpoints on the mutual relations between contemporary sport and society. Sport is a global social phenomenon which is determined by a variety of different processes, including: the fast development of the industrial society and capital, an increase in leisure time, the development of a liberal democracy and the media. A special feature in these relations is the overall globalization process in today's world. The basic structure of this paper is made up of two functional parts. In the first part we indicate the dominant theoretical-methodological paradigms in studying sport in social sciences, especially sociology: functionalism, conflict theory in society, interpretive and postmodern theory. In the second part of the paper we analyze the dialectics of contemporary relations between sport and society, where special attention is dedicated to the distribution of social power between sport, capital and the media at the local and global level. At the local level especially, there is a pronounced influence of politics on sport, which is realized through various mechanisms of government power, as well as other political subjects. The most solid bonds between sport and society on both levels are maintained by capital and the media, which know no boundaries. Through ownership and mechanisms of financing sports clubs and associations, athletes and athletic events, an entire network of capitalist relations in sport was created. Sport has become one of the most important factors of television programs, the internet and social networks, which has led to an enormous growth in profit and popularity of sport, but also to great changes in the social relations between people.
Gypsic rendzinas of Nida Basin (southern Poland): a review
Authors: Ciarkowska Krystyna , Miechówka Anna
Published: November 2018

The article presents the overview of the gypsic rendzinas that occur in the Nida Basin (Niecka Nidziańska) as based on authors’ results and observations and also literature data. The influence of gypsum forms (selenite, shale and compact gypsum) and allogenic admixtures on the properties of rendzinas was described. Furthermore, attention was paid to the specific climate conditions of the Nida Basin reflected in the native vegetation cover on the gypsum-derived soils. Finally, there is a proposal for classification of this area’s gypsic rendzinas and the soil properties were described for the specified soil units.
Limnic Rendzinas in the Mazurian Lakeland (NE Poland)
Authors: Lemkowska Bożena , Sowiński Paweł
Published: November 2018

Several shallow lakes have been drained to make way for additional arable land or pasture in the Mazurian Lakeland (NE Poland) since the 19th century. As a result of these hydrotechnical works, the water level usually decreased by approximately 6 m. Bottom sediments of the former lakes were transformed into surface limnic soils. Part of them, developed from highly calcareous gyttja, may be called limnic rendzinas. However, the present position of these soils in the Polish Soil Classification is unclear. Where the lake has undergone a natural terrestrialisation, the gyttja is covered with peat and mursh. The raw gyttja soils differ in type of organic matter forming the topsoil horizon and are subject to further transformation, the direction of which depends on the sequence of sediments in the profile, mursh formation, mineral admixture and adjoining colluvial phenomena. Common features of all these soils are high content of calcium carbonate in the surface horizons, alkaline reaction, high groundwater level and periodical flooding. The paper presents the variability of limnic rendzinas based on many examples from the Mazurian Lakeland (NE Poland). Finally, new type additions were suggested to the next edition of the Polish Soil Classification.
Rendzinas diversity of the Ojców National Park as an effect of lithological factors
Authors: Mazurek Ryszard , Kowalska Joanna Beata , Zadrożny Paweł , Gąsiorek Michał , Kozak Halina
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate rendzinas diversity on the area of the Ojców National Park (ONP), southern Poland. Moreover, the paper aims to identify the relation between relief and soil cover slope position and its influence on classification as well as the occurrence of lithological discontinuity. The studied soils were classified as brown and chernozemic rendzinas. Rendzinas in the area of the ONP are located mainly in the middle slope position where Upper Jurassic limestones regolith is mixed with loess sediments. This situation leads to vertical heterogeneity of soil texture (and formation of rendzinas with lithological discontinuity) within the soil profile. Surface horizons were mainly characterized by silty texture while in deeper horizons there was a more clay-like texture, which was the result of weathering Jurassic limestones located in deeper parts of soil profile. In turn, uniform shallow rendzinas occurred only on exposed rocks composed of limestones, where loess cover was absent. The character of ONP’s soils is also the result of parent material heterogeneity conditioned by long-term changes e.g. denudation processes and/or weathering. In order to assess soil heterogeneity, ‘lithological discontinuity indices’ as well as ‘uniformity values’ have been applied.
Agricultural suitability of rendzinas in Poland
Authors: Smreczak Bożena , Jadczyszyn Jan , Kabała Cezary
Published: November 2018

The agricultural value of rendzina soils depends on many factors, including type of parent rock, texture of arable layer, admixture of post-glacial materials and occurrence of coarse fragments. Over 97% of rendzinas in Poland are arable soils, and less than 3% are under permanent meadows and permanent pastures. Rendzinas are soil of high production potential for agriculture. Almost 75% of them were included in the wheat complexes (from 1 to 3) while about 10% are weak and very weak rye soils (complex 6 and 7) in Polish land suitability system. Groups of rendzinas identified for agricultural purposes and the principles of their identification were established on 1950s and 1960s when bonitation maps and soil-agricultural maps were prepared. These principles have not changed so far, therefore the purpose of the work was to describe the divisions of these soils and the characteristics of their properties on the example of arable soils based on the available data.
Analisis Simbolik Kyrie Eleison Karya Anna Wahyu Prasetyowati
Authors: MARTIARA RINA , FEBRIANA ANISA
Published: November 2018

Symbolic Analysis of Kyrie Eleison of Anna Wahyu Prasetyowati’s Work. This paper describes and interpretsthe Kyrie Eleison as a performing arts. Kyrie Eleison text is read through choreography elements that shape thethemes, motion, musical accompaniment, fashion makeup, fl oor pattern, form and stage layout. This paper useshermeneutic approach. Based on the research it can be concluded that this work has a deep meaning. The story ofJesus Christ journey in teaching the word with great passion until his death on the Cross is fi xated religious valuesthat serve as an example for mankind. This work also contains the values of humanity that every human being mustbe having a miserable, suffering, and death. Humans must be steadfast and strong in the face of every temptationthat comes when he/she want to achieve the highest inner awareness and understanding of divine truth.
Legenda Penciptaan Teater Boneka Tiongkok dan Persebarannya di Nusantara
Authors: Kuardhani Hirwan , Soemanto C. Bakdi , Simatupang Lono Lastoro , Haryono Timbul
Published: November 2018

Wayang Cina berkembang pesat di Indonesia. Beberapa legenda Cina berkembang mengikuti berkembangnyawayang tersebut, misalnya: Legenda Madame Li, legenda Chen Ping, dan legenda Yan. Beberapa lagenda tersebutdibawa oleh imigran Cina ke wilayah Indonesia, seperti Marionette, yang dikenal sebagai wayang gantung , yangdikembangkan di sekitar Pontianak dan Singkawang. Marionette disajikan dalam dialek Hakka dan menyajikanlegenda Cina. Sementara boneka sarung tangan yang dikenal adalah wayang Potehi, tumbuh di Jawa berasal dariFujian, awalnya dalam dialek Hokkian. Dalam perjalanannya, Potehi menggunakan bahasa Melayu Rendah yangmenjadi bahasa Indonesia. Potehi dan Boneka Gantung ( wayang gantung) telah menjadi bagian dari kebudayaanIndonesia. Mereka layak mendapat perhatian lebih dari pemerintah dan masyarakat, terutama pelaku dan pengamatseni.Kata kunci: Wayang Potehi, legenda Cina, marionette, wayang gantung.ABSTRACTThe Chinese Puppet Theatre Legend and Its Spreading in Nusantara. Chinese Puppet Theatre is growingrapidly. Some legends followed to rise Chinese Puppet, for example: Legend of Madame Li, legend of Chen Ping, andlegend of Yan. Some of them were brought by Chinese immigrants into Indonesian territory, such as Marionette, known ashanging puppet (Wayang gantung), which is developed around Pontianak and Singkawang , West Kalimantan Province.Marionette was performed in Hakka dialects and performed Chinese legend. While the glove puppet known is wayangPotehi, grown in Java, originated from Fujian, was originally in Hokkian dialect. In its journey, Potehi used Low Malaylanguage which became bahasa Indonesia. Potehi and Hanging Puppets( wayang gantung) have become parts of ourculture. They deserve more attention from the goverment and public, especially the actors and art observers.Key words: Chinese Puppet theatre, legend, marionette), Glove Puppet ( Potehi / 布袋戲))