bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
evaluation of community acceptability and adoption of the community-based TB care program using the diffusion of innovation model
Authors: Getachew Abebaw , Silumbwe Adam , Maritim Patricia , Hangoma Peter , Belete Abebe , Zulu Joseph Mumba
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Community-based tuberculosis (TB) related interventions still face several implementation challenges that negatively affect attainment of overall national TB program goals. Yet, few studies investigate key implementation outcomes such as acceptability and adoption of these interventions. This study sought to explore the acceptability and adoption of health extension worker (HEW) driven community-based TB care (CBTC) program among community members in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods: A qualitative case study design was employed, consisting of twenty-four in-depth interviews and three FGDs with a purposively selected sample of HEWs, HEWs’ supervisors, TB focal persons and community members. The study utilized deductive thematic analysis guided by Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation theory, which posits that the acceptability and adoption of interventions are influenced by attributes such as relative advantage, observability, compatibility and complexity.  
Results: The program’s relative advantage including its perceived ability to promote TB prevention, early diagnosis, as well as the observed improved reporting mechanisms and treatment outcomes arising from HEWs visits facilitated its acceptability and adoption. The integration of community-based TB care into the health system and use of outreach activities to deliver TB information and services enhanced compatibility of the program with community health expectations. However, several factors hindered the delivery of the program, affecting its acceptability and adoption. These included limited career progression for HEWs, inadequate support from the district health office, an insufficient number of HEWs for the growing population, challenges in sustaining TB donor-funded programs, the impact of the civil war, the non-adherence to referral guidelines, and resource constraints.
Conclusion: To enhance the acceptability and adoption of CBTC, we recommended prioritizing community engagement, improving integration of the program in community health systems, addressing contextual challenges such as TB stigma, as well as enhancing program support for the health extension workers.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DENGAN RENCANA PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PENGGUNAAN MENSTRUAL CUP
Authors: Mardiana Fitriani , Rahmawati Ai , Nurdianti Reni , Ramadhan Ananda Thalia
Published: October 2024

Menstrual cup merupakan alat bantu menstruasi yang berbentuk cangkir berguna untuk menampung darah haid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan dengan minat penggunaan menstrual cup di Universitas Bhakti Kencana PSDKU Tasikmalaya. Metode yang di gunakan yaitu kuantitatif deskriptif untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan dengan rencana pengambilan keputusan penggunaan menstrual cup. Sample penelitian sebanyak 88 responden digunakan dengan teknik total sampling, alat ukur yang penelitian menggunakan kuesioner yang telah di uji validitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebagian besar mahasiswa sebanyak 41 orang (46,6%) di kategorikan berpengetahuan kurang. Dan sebanyak 48 orang tidak berminat menggunakan menstrual cup. Sedangakan mahasiswi dengan pengetahuan baik akan berencana menggunakan menstrual cup. Maka terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan rencana pengambilan keputusan penggunaan menstrual cup. Diharapkan untuk penelitian selanjutnya menggunakan metode kualitatif agar bisa lebih meng eksplore mengenai menstrual cup.
Analfabetismo ao longo da vida: narrativas autobiográficas de estudantes idosos de escolas públicas de Fortaleza
Authors: Cordeiro Barroso Raimunda Eliana , Braga de Olinda Ercília Maria
Published: October 2024

No Brasil, ainda hoje, há pessoas analfabetas em todas as faixas etárias da população. Porém, esse é um problema que recai de forma predominante sobre a população mais velha. A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral conhecer, por meio de narrativas, os sentidos e significados construídos por idosos sobre suas experiências de alfabetização-letramento na velhice. Adotamos como abordagem metodológica a pesquisa (auto)biográfica. Participaram do estudo sete idosos matriculados na EJA, em escolas de Fortaleza-CE, que se disponibilizaram a narrar suas trajetórias de vida. Os principais achados revelam um histórico de privações materiais e exclusão social e, mais especificamente, educacional. As histórias contadas mostram impedimentos à entrada na escola ao longo da vida, contrariando, assim, a educação como um direito fundamental de todos os cidadãos, garantido na Declaração dos Direitos Humanos pela ONU em 1948.
Abstract
In Brazil, there are still illiterate people in all age groups However, this problem predominantly affects the older population. The general aim of this research was to find out, through narratives, the meanings and significance constructed by elderly people about their literacy experiences in old age. We adopt the (auto)biographical research as methodological approach. Seven elderly people enrolled in EJA in schools in Fortaleza-CE took part in the study and offered to narrate their life trajectories. The main findings reveal a history of material deprivation and social exclusion and, more specifically, educational exclusion. The stories told show impediments to school throughout life, thus contradicting education as a fundamental right of all citizens, guaranteed in the Declaration of Rights. Human Rights by the UN in 1948.
O Uso do E-FAST na Emergência Médica: Uma Revisão Ampla
Authors: Pires Fernanda de Oliveira , Santos Ana Laura Canesi , Paes Kelly Cristina Ferreira de Moraes , Modesto Darlla Célia Khulman Martins , Ramos Rodrigo Souza , Santos Júnior Valdir Nogueira dos , Vilela Filho Rogério Esposito , Moraes Felipe Moreira , Cunha Samira Gonçalves da , Reis Caio Vittor Roque de Almeida , Carrijo Vinícius Silva , Oliveira Filho João Edilson de , Ritter Wainny Rocha Guimarães
Published: October 2024

O E-FAST (Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma) é uma ferramenta diagnóstica crucial em ambientes de emergência, especialmente para pacientes politraumatizados. Sua capacidade de identificar rapidamente condições potencialmente fatais, como hemoperitônio, pneumotórax e tamponamento cardíaco, aumenta as chances de sobrevivência e reduz complicações. O E-FAST se destaca pela agilidade, acessibilidade e eficácia, podendo ser utilizado em locais variados, como unidades móveis e em situações de catástrofe. Comparado à tomografia computadorizada, o E-FAST fornece uma avaliação rápida e menos onerosa, essencial em ambientes onde o tempo é crítico. A aplicabilidade do ultrassom à beira do leito oferece uma abordagem eficiente, alinhada aos princípios da medicina de emergência. A revisão da literatura revelou que o E-FAST apresenta alta sensibilidade e especificidade, sendo capaz de identificar lesões ocultas que poderiam passar despercebidas em exames físicos. A simplicidade do protocolo E-FAST facilita sua disseminação, permitindo que profissionais de diferentes níveis de experiência sejam treinados rapidamente. No entanto, a precisão do exame depende da habilidade do operador, destacando a necessidade de treinamentos contínuos e de programas estruturados. Também foi observada a eficácia do E-FAST em eventos de múltiplas vítimas e em contextos de desastres, garantindo que os recursos disponíveis sejam alocados de forma otimizada. Além disso, o uso do E-FAST reduz a necessidade de exames diagnósticos adicionais, contribuindo para a economia de recursos hospitalares. Apesar dos desafios, como a variabilidade dependente do operador e limitações em pacientes com características anatômicas específicas, o E-FAST se consolida como uma ferramenta indispensável no manejo de traumas em emergências. Seu impacto na redução da morbidade e mortalidade e na melhoria dos desfechos clínicos é amplamente documentado, reforçando sua importância na triagem e intervenção rápida em situações críticas.
African Activism Through Pugwash
Authors: Dippenaar Nola , Pretorius Joelien
Published: October 2024

The Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs grew from the Russell-Einstein Manifesto initiative in 1955 to become anamorphously structured transnational movement of natural and social scientists with a primary focus on the dangers of nuclear weapons. Pugwash, together with Sir Joseph Rotblat, a founding member and long-serving secretary-general and later president, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1995 for its role in highlighting these dangers. It did so through its annual conferences that brought together scientists, government officials and observers from across the world, as well as its workshops and publications, and behind-the scenesinterventions towards conflict resolution. The history and role of Pugwash has been the subject of many publications, but none of them pay adequate attention to Africans’ participation in Pugwash, if at all. And yet, a preliminary review of the quinquennial annals and newsletters that Ezume summarise the activities of Pugwash suggests that African scientists’ involvement in the annual conferences was significant. Africans also organised regional workshops on issues of special interest to the continent and jointly published with other Pugwash members. National chapters were established in several African countries and over the course of two decades, a Pan-African Pugwash group held at least six meetings and published some of these meetings’ proceedings. This opinionpiece is based on a preliminary exploratory effort to highlight how Africans engaged the Pugwash movement, to know more about the impact that Africans had in Pugwash and Pugwash had in Africa, and to look to the future—to encourage science activism and youth participation in peace and anti-nuclearism on the continent. We start off with a short introduction of Pugwash, telling its origin story and then proceed to Africans’ participation in and adoption of Pugwash to exercise peace activism.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS BERITA SISWA SMP NEGERI 7 KINTAMANI
Authors: Ida Ayu Made Wedasuwari  , I Gede Ambarayana  , I Made Sastra Adi Wibawa
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan menulis teks berita siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 7 Kintamani melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Problem-based learning (PBL). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, obeservasi, dan refleksi. Subjek dari  penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VII B yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes, observasi, dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian pada siswa kelas VII B SMP Negeri 7 Kintamani menunjukkan nilai rata-rata hasil tes yang meningkat tiap siklusnya. Nilai rata-rata hasil tes awal siswa 68,06, nilai rata-rata hasil tes pada siklus I 73,59 dan nilai rata-rata hasil tes pada siklus II 80.72. Penelitian ini berimplikasi terhadap peningkatan keterampilan siswa dalam menulis kalimat teks berita dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran yang inovatif yaitu problem-based learning.
Special at-rich sequence-binding protein 2 and its role in healing of the experimental mandible bone tissue defect filling with a synthetic bone graft material and electrical stimulation impact
Authors: Huseynov Agil N. , Malanchuk Vladislav A. , Myroshnychenko Mykhailo S. , Kapustnyk Nataliia V. , Sukharieva Liliia P. , Selivanova Larisa I.
Published: October 2024

Aim: The purpose of the study was to identify the role of SATB2 in healing of the experimental mandible bone tissue defect filling with a synthetic bone graft material and electrical stimulation impact.
Materials and Methods: An experiment was carried out on 48 mature male rats of the WAG population, which were divided into 4 groups. Each group included 12 experimental animals. Group 1 included rats that were modeled with a perforated defect of the lower jaw body. Group 2 included animals that were modeled with a perforated defect similar to group 1. In animals, a microdevice for electrical action was implanted subcutaneously in the neck area on the side of the simulated bone defect. The negative electrode connected to the negative pole of the battery was in contact with the bone defect. The battery and electrode were insulated with plastic heat shrink material. Group 3 included rats that were modeled with a perforated defect similar to previous groups, the cavity of which was filled with synthetic bone graft “Biomin GT” (RAPID, Ukraine). Group 4 included animals that were modeled with a perforated defect similar to groups 1-3, the cavity of which was filled with synthetic bone graft “Biomin GT” (RAPID, Ukraine). The simulation of electrical stimulation was the same as in group 2. The material for the morphological study was a fragment of the body of the lower jaw from the zone of the perforated defect. Immunohistochemical study was performed using rabbit anti-human SATB2 monoclonal antibody.
Results: In the regenerate filling the defect in the bone tissue of the lower jaw of rats, there was an increase in SATB2 expression under conditions of electrical stimulation; filling the defect with a synthetic bone graft material; simultaneous filling the defect with a synthetic bone graft material and electrical stimulation. The most pronounced expression of SATB2 was observed under conditions of simultaneous filling the defect with a synthetic bone graft material and electrical stimulation; minimally expressed – in conditions of filling the defect with a synthetic bone graft material; moderately expressed – under conditions of electrical stimulation. In the regenerate, in cases of all treatment methods, SATB2 was expressed by immune cells, fibroblastic differon cells, osteoblasts, and in case of electrical stimulation, also by adipocytes, vascular pericytes and endothelial cells, epidermis.
Conclusions: The activation of SATB2 expression identified by the authors is one of the mechanisms for stimulating reparative osteogenesis under the conditions of electrical stimulation; filling the defect with a synthetic bone graft material; simultaneous filling the defect with a synthetic bone graft material and electrical stimulation.
Medical and pharmaceutical activities in occupied territories: legal assessment and Ukraine’s experience
Authors: Pashkov Vitalii М. , Mykhailichenko Tetiana O. , Zabuha Yuliia Yu.
Published: October 2024

International armed conflicts often involve the occupation of territories of the state under aggression, where some of the population begins to voluntarily cooperate with the enemy. Currently, under the legislation of certain EU countries, such actions may be deemed collaboration or treason. This article examines the scenarios faced by medical or pharmaceutical workers in occupied territories, using the example of Ukraine, which is currently experiencing armed aggression from the Russian Federation. Despite the declared norms of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), medical and pharmaceutical workers find themselves in quite difficult situations. They have taken an oath and have obligations under the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols, and thus are required to continue performing their professional duties during the occupation and are de jure granted medical neutrality. However, they also face limited resources, pressure, and, in some cases, their duties may involve illegal actions that could lead to legal responsibility. The study identifies when medical and pharmaceutical activities are lawful during occupation and when they may constitute unlawful behaviour that results in legal accountability. The authors conclude that the current policies of Russia and its occupation authorities deliberately violate IHL norms. Furthermore, they intentionally create conditions where individuals in occupied territories commit actions that will be recognized as crimes. It is based on dialectical, analytic, synthetic, comprehensive methods, and also uses the case-method and the method of content analysis.
Una propuesta para el control de medicamento en personas con discapacidades motrices y/o cognitivas a través del Internet de las Cosas
Authors: Franco Lizárraga Gustavo , Ríos Osuna Jesús Ramón , Aguilar-Calderón José Alfonso , Tripp-Barba Carolina , Rodríguez Malpica-García Juan José
Published: October 2024

: Currently, advancements in automation have led to the creation of technological innovations and control techniques for Internet-connected devices that are applied in various fields such as industry, medicine, and more. In the healthcare sector, automation plays a crucial role as it enhances patients’ quality of life. The Internet of Things (IoT) plays a key role in automation as it enables smart devices to perform their functions online. This article presents a prototype categorized under the Internet of Medical Things, designed to assist elderly individuals with motor and/or cognitive impairments by reminding them to take their medication. The device dispenses the pill to the patient when they bring their wrist close to the apparatus, using an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) bracelet, which activates the device and logs the information in a database on a server. Additionally, a cross-platform mobile application was developed using the Flutter framework, allowing the device to be configured, the doctor to update the prescription, and the patient’s family to check whether the medication has been taken or to send an alert if it has not.
Cyclic Orderings of Paving Matroids
Authors: McGuinness Sean
Published: October 2024

A matroid $M$ of rank $r$ is cyclically orderable if there is a cyclic permutation of the elements of $M$ such that any $r$ consecutive elements form a basis in $M$. An old conjecture of Kajitani, Miyano, and Ueno states that a matroid $M$ is cyclically orderable if and only if for all $\emptyset \ne X \subseteq E(M), \frac {|X|}{r(X)} \le \frac {|E(M)|}{r(M)}.$ In this paper, we verify this conjecture for all paving matroids.
Estratégia tática de corredores de elite participantes da Ice Ultra 2023: um estudo seccional
Authors: do Nascimento Hortência Reis , Fernandes Matheus Santos de Sousa , Martins Júlio César de Carvalho , Alves Filho Eder Magnus Almeida , Do Nascimento Isabela Reis , Dos Santos Leila Fernanda , Martins Felipe José Aidar , De Souza Raphael Fabrício
Published: October 2024

Introdução: As estratégias de ritmo em competições de corrida têm sido objeto de estudo em diversas distâncias e diferentes percursos e relevos. Contudo, a aplicação dessas estratégias em ultramaratonas, especialmente em condições climáticas extremas, permanece pouco compreendida.
Objetivo: Investigar as estratégias de corrida de ultramaratonistas em competições realizadas sob condições climáticas de frio extremo e neve.
Métodos: Estudo observacional, seccional, com dados secundários, que contou com a participação de 31 atletas da Ice Ultra 2023 que percorreram aproximadamente 225 km ao longo de cinco dias consecutivos, enfrentando etapas de diferentes distâncias. Os dados coletados incluíram informações demográficas, tempo de prova, ritmo e velocidade dos corredores. Com base no desempenho, os participantes foram divididos em três grupos (Top 3, Top 10 e Top 20).
Resultados: Finalizaram a corrida 70,9%, com um tempo médio de conclusão de 40:39±9:38h:min. Observou-se estratégia de corrida progressiva ao longo dos dias de competição, perfil de ritmo negativo durante a segunda etapa. Os três primeiros colocados foram mais rápidos em todas as etapas quando comparados aos 10 primeiros e 20 primeiros (p<0,0001). Houve uma diminuição significativa da velocidade entre as etapas 1 e 2 (Δ Top 3: 2,23±0,14km/h; Δ Top10: 2,11±0,15km/h; Δ Top20: 1,19±0,18km/h) relacionado ao relevo.
Conclusão: Os corredores mais bem-sucedidos são capazes de ajustar seu ritmo de forma mais eficaz de acordo com as exigências de cada etapa da corrida, adaptando-se melhor independentemente das condições de frio extremo.
Foundational contributions of Svetlana Mojsov to the GLP-1 field
Authors: Barany George , Barany Michael J.
Published: October 2024

Biochemist Svetlana Mojsov, both as a graduate student at The Rockefeller University under the mentorship of Bruce Merrifield during the 1970s, and as an independent investigator at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) during the 1980s, devised effective and robust methods for the chemical synthesis of the peptide hormones glucagon and glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), along with numerous analogues of these key biomolecules. Working separately from MGH’s powerhouse endocrine research laboratory, Mojsov developed a tool-kit of reliable assays that were indispensable to later in vitro and in vivo collaborative studies that established profound insulinotropic effects of this peptide family, findings that were subsequently harnessed clinically with blockbuster drugs directed at often-serious endocrine conditions such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. Significantly, Mojsov was the first to recognize the critical cleavage sites in preproglucagon that give rise to the biologically active species, a truncated form known as GLP-1 (7–37), and carried out the key experiments that proved her hypothesis. Despite being the first author on critical formative publications for the field, and being acknowledged, along with Joel Habener, as one of two co-inventors on the controlling United States patents, Mojsov’s foundational contributions were initially overlooked when GLP-1 biochemistry began to be the subject of major scientific prizes. Fortunately, Mojsov’s work has, within the past year, been better appreciated and deservedly lauded.
Эффекты воздействий радиочастотных электромагнитных полей на нервную систему. Эксперименты in vivo (обзор)
Authors:   Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khorseva Natalia I. , Grigoriev Pavel E. ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: October 2024

This article is a continuation of a review whose first part analysed the works on the effect of radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) on the central nervous system (CNS) in vitro (changes in the action potential, cell and myelin sheath morphology, as well as in the permeability of the blood–brain barrier (using cultures of nerve cells only); in addition, it presented various approaches to studying the effects of RF EMF and pointed out difficulties of systematizing the experimental data. The present article dwells on the morpho-histological changes in CNS structures under RF EMF exposure in young animals, since it allows us to give an indirect assessment of possible negative consequences of RF EMF exposure for children and adolescents as the cohort most vulnerable to any environmental factors. Morphological and histological changes in CNS structures (cerebral cortex, brainstem, cerebellum, auditory system, etc.) as well as changing electroencephalographic parameters were analysed. A bulk of data on the morphological and histological changes in the hippocampus was considered separately. In addition, the paper presents an analysis of changes in the biometric parameters of experimental animals under chronic exposure to RF EMF and its effect on cell viability (including nerve cell apoptosis and autophagy). Thus, having a reliable corpus of modern experimental studies proving the seriousness of the problem of the effects of electromagnetic fields on the nervous system in children and adolescents is important in the context of ever-increasing electromagnetic pollution, primarily from electromagnetic fields produced by cellular networks.
Диагностика когнитивной дисфункции при сахарном диабете 1-го типа в детском возрасте (обзор)
Authors:   Stavropol State Medical University, Bykov Yuri V. ,   K.G. Filippsky City Children’s Clinical Hospital
Published: October 2024

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common childhood endocrinopathy that can present with cognitive dysfunction (CD). PubMed, Cochrane Library, eLIBRARY.RU and Medscape databases were searched for Englishand Russian-language articles published from 2010 to 2023 using the following keywords: type 1 diabetes mellitus, children, cognitive dysfunction and diagnosis. Publications on CD in adult patients with type 1 DM were excluded from this review. In children with DM, the aetiology of CD is multifactorial and has the following confirmed risk factors: acute hypoglycaemia, chronic hyperglycaemia, early DM onset and pronounced diabetic ketoacidosis. CD manifests clinically with declined memory, attention, IQ scores, psychomotor reactions and cognitive flexibility. In children with an early disease onset (before the age of 6), CD manifestations are more pronounced. The neuropsychological methods considered part of the gold standard for CD diagnosis in children are: the Stroop Colour and Word Test, Benton Visual Retention Test, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. The representative instrumental methods include magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, diffusion tensor imaging, etc. They allow us to assess the anatomical and functional changes in the brain of children with type 1 DM. Laboratory-based methods can detect an increase in neurospecific proteins and inflammation markers, which indicates cerebral damage in patients with the disease. Further research is necessary on type 1 DM-associated CD in paediatric practice in order to improve the diagnostic criteria for this complication and its prevention methods.
Изучение активности гетероциклических производных теллура в отношении условно-патогенных бактерий
Authors:   Precaspian Institute of Biological Resources of the Daghestan Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Israpilova Ashura I. , Adieva Aina A. , Dzhafarova Albina M. ,   Dagestan State University, Abakarov Gasan M.
Published: October 2024

Antimicrobial resistance is a serious challenge for medicine and society as a whole. Among the bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health due to their growing antibiotic resistance are Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. The main reasons behind this problem are the misuse of antibiotics and lack of new antimicrobials, which are difficult to develop due to the complexity of the mechanisms of microbial infections and their limited weak points. Moreover, the process of developing new drugs requires significant time and financial resources. The purpose of this article was to analyse the antibacterial properties of three tellurium derivatives against infections caused by E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella spp. Materials and methods. During the experiment, we studied the antimicrobial activity against the abovementioned bacteria of the following organotellurium compounds of original synthesis that have not been previously described in literature: dioxyrocyclo-[4-methylphenyl] tellurochloride, 3-chloromethyl-dioxisinrocyclophenyl tellurochloride, and ethyltellurobenzal-[2-methoxy-3,5-dichloro] aniline. As a criterion for the microorganism’s sensitivity to organotellurium compounds, inhibition zone diameter was used. The paper applied the serial dilution method and the disk diffusion method. Results. The study of the three heterocyclic tellurium derivatives in various concentrations revealed a significant antibacterial effect of dioxyrocyclo-[4-methylphenyl] tellurochloride, whose minimum suppressive and minimum inhibitory concentrations against the bacteria in question we were able to determine. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for E. coli and S. aureus were 18.60 and 1.35 µg/ml, respectively. Disk diffusion showed that the inhibition zones range between 3 and 6 mm. E. coli and S. aureus strains were particularly sensitive to this compound. Ethyltellurobenzal-[2-methoxy-3,5-dichloro] aniline failed to produce a positive effect against E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella spp. at any regimen, while 3-chloromethyl-dioxisinrocyclophenyl tellurochloride demonstrated moderate antimicrobial activity at a relatively low bacterial load.
Проприоцептивный контроль мышц верхней конечности у спортсменов-самбистов
Authors:   The Russian University of Sport “GTSOLIFK”, Melnikov Andrey A. , Ikonnikova Ekaterina S. ,   The Russian University of Sport “GTSOLIFK”,   Research Center of Neurology, Lyukmanov Roman Kh. ,   Research Center of Neurology, Suponeva Natalia A.
Published: October 2024

High proprioceptive sensitivity is an important factor in the efficiency of technical elements and athletic performance in many sports. However, proprioceptive control of the positions of upper limb segments and muscle effort in wrestlers has hardly been investigated. The purpose of this article was to study the reproduction accuracy of hand position and muscle effort during discrete contraction and relaxation of the forearm muscles in sambo athletes. Materials and methods. The research involved young sambo wrestlers (n = 10) and nonathletes (control, n = 15). We evaluated the reproduction accuracy of forearm pronation/supination angles (20, 50 and 80°) using a PABLO Handsensor (Tyromotion, Austria) and the accuracy of isometric muscle contraction during static pronation/supination, using a stationary hand joystick, in the ascending and descending directions of effort development (0, 20, 50 and 80 % of the maximum effort) according to the level of electromyographic activity of forearm pronators and supinators (Trust-M functional electrical stimulation system, Neurocore, Russia). Results. We found that proprioceptive control of forearm position accuracy and static effort during the contraction of forearm pronators and supinators did not differ between wrestlers and non-athletes. However, the absolute reproducibility error of 50 and 80 % of muscle effort during discrete relaxation of the pronators was lower (p < 0.01) in wrestlers than in non-athletes. Moreover, in the general sample, effort reproduction accuracy at pronators’ discrete contraction was higher than at discrete relaxation, which indicates a deficit of proprioceptive control of muscle effort during relaxation. Thus, exercising upper limb muscles in sambo improves proprioceptive control of discrete muscle relaxation. Further studies should determine the role of the established phenomenon in the effectiveness of wrestling skills and sports results.
Влияние физиологических и психологических показателей организма студенток среднего профессионального образования на уровень их успеваемости
Authors:   Borisoglebsk Branch, Voronezh State University, Mukhina Nataliya V.
Published: October 2024

Adaptation of students to learning conditions remains an urgent issue for physiology, since it affects the formation of professional skills and a positive attitude towards the chosen speciality. Psychophysiological development during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood under the influence of the learning process has been investigated insufficiently. The purpose of this article was to study the physiological and psychological parameters of female students in secondary vocational education by analysing the characteristics of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems and mental functions, as well as identifying their possible correlation with academic performance. Materials and methods. The research involved 76 female students (first- and third-year) following secondary vocational education programmes at the Borisoglebsk Branch of Voronezh State University. These years were chosen since they are the most indicative in terms of the adaptation process in students. The mean age of first-year students (n = 40) was 15.95 ± 0.04 years, third-year students (n = 36), 18.33 ± 0.11 years. Anthropometric, physiometric, psychological, statistical, and analytical methods were applied. Results. Most of the physiological and psychological parameters of the subjects stayed withing the norm. Thus, all the female students have satisfactory adaptation. Statistically significant differences in a number of parameters between first- and third-year students were identified. In all of the subjects, the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (sympathicotonia) was found to be predominant. Auditory span, working efficiency, selective attention, and attention span in third-year female students were shown to be higher than in their first-year counterparts. In first-year female students, academic performance is only associated with attention parameters, while in third-year female students, it is associated with cardiovascular as well as memory and attention parameters.
От Северо-Восточного прохода к Северному морскому пути: осмысление сквозь тысячелетие
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Goldin Vladislav I.
Published: October 2024

The article dwells on the history of the Northeast Passage/Northern Sea Route exploration and development throughout the millennium (up to the early 20th century) as well as on the study of this process in Russian and foreign literature. The author characterizes the historical milestones in Arctic navigation, in particular the idea that emerged in the early 16th century of a possible passage between Europe and Asia, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean along Russia’s northern Eurasian coast, which was later called the Northeast Passage. The paper compares the results of scientific investigations and pursuits to find a through passage from Europe to Asia by Russian sailors and foreign expeditions, as well as studies the exploration of its various parts and how the navigation was organized. It is indicated that A.E. Nordenskiöld’s and B.A. Vilkitsky’s expeditions proved the possibility of a through passage from Europe to Asia, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean through the Russian Arctic. This contributed to the transformation of the Northeast Passage into the Northern Sea Route and stimulated its commercial use, management and development of the necessary infrastructure, but exacerbated the geopolitical rivalry in the Arctic. It is emphasized that the commercial use of this maritime route in the late 19th century, as well as its increased military and strategic importance in the early 20th century, led to the replacement of the term Northeast Passage with Northern Sea Route. Further, the paper studies the development of the European sector, infrastructure and protection of the Northern Sea Route and the rapid growth in cargo volume during World War I. In addition, the article describes the international research megaproject on the route’s history, which resulted in the publication of a collective monograph in 2022.
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN MENTERI DALAM NEGERI NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2017 DALAM PENGELOLAAN PELAYANAN INFORMASI DOKUMENTASI PADA DINAS KOMUNIKASI DAN INFORMATIKA KABUPATEN SAMBAS
Authors: Nurmansyah  , Syamsiah Nur , Rosana Mayang
Published: October 2024

Implementasi Peraturan Dalam Negeri Nomor 3 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pedoman Pengelolaan Pelayanan Informasi dan Dokumentasi Kementerian Dalam Negeri Dan Pemerintahan Daerah menjamin masyarakat untuk mendapatkan hak akan informasi melalui Pengelola Pelayanan Informasi dan Dokumentasi yang melekat pada Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika (Diskominfo) Kabupaten Sambas.  Diskominfo bertugas untuk menginventarisir informasi yang ada di Kabupaten Sambas. Sehingga setiap masyarakat (selaku pemohon) untuk mendapatkan informasi melalui Diskominfo Kabupaten Sambas. Permasalah yang terjadi di lapangan, masih terdapat aduan masyarakat yang tidak mendapatkan infomasi yang di ajukan pada Diskominfo Kabupaten Sambas. Masyarakat tidak bisa mendapatkan informasi yang diinginkan. Fokus masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana Implementasi Peraturan Dalam Negeri Nomor 3 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pedoman Pengelolaan Pelayanan Informasi  Dan Dokumentasi Kementerian Dalam Negeri Dan Pemerintahan Daerah Dalam Pengelolaan Pelayanan Informasi dan Dokumentasi  Pada Dinas  Komunikasi Dan Informatika Kabupaten Sambas dan apa yang menjadi faktor penghambat Implementasi Permendagri tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang besifat penelitian lapangan (field research). Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis yuridis empiris adalah penelitian yang dilakukan secara langsung di lapangan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui permasalahan yang sebenarnya terjadi, kemudian akan dihubungkan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dan teori hukum yang ada. Untuk memperoleh data, peneliti menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Diskominfo Kabupaten Sambas belum sepenuhnya mengimplementasikan Peraturan Dalam Negeri Nomor 3 Tahun 2017. Dari segi Komunikasi, disposisi, sumber daya manusia, dan struktur Birokrasi.  Faktor penghambat implentasi Permendagri di sebabkan faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor eksternal di sebabkan Masyarakat belum teredukasi terkait pemenuhan hak informasi dan belum memahami prosedur permohonan informasi publik melalui PPID serta Kurangnya literasi dari instansi diluar Pemerintah Kabupaten Sambas dalam memahami PPID. Faktor internal disebabkan PPID belum sepenuhnya mengetahui mekanisme penyediaan informasi, belum memahami pentingnya mengelola dan memberikan pelayanan informasi kepada masyarakat, keterbatasan SDM, keterbatasan anggaran, OPD yang ada di kabupaten sambas belum semua memiliki website.
Using Machine Learning to Analyze Emotions in Arabic and Dialectical Texts
Authors: Hamed Dina , Tawfik Ben , Makhlouf Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Social media is an imperative necessity in contemporary life. People can easily express their emotions and share moments on social media by writing a few words. Organizations approach Twitter as a rich data source that may be used to study emotions, but while many efforts have focused on sentiment analysis from text, emotion classification has received less attention. Emotion analysis usually provides a more in-depth assessment of the author's feelings, and in this research, we propose a dialectal Arabic text emotion classification architecture that accurately classifies the expressions into four emotions (anger, joy, fear, and sadness). Considering the improvements in natural language processing (NLP), we investigated the Bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) model. We implemented our proposed ensemble model via a majority voting technique that merges the best three versions of the pre-trained BERT models that are considered state-of-the-art in the classification field. We compared the results of our model with eight other machine learning classifiers and ten versions of the BERT model. The proposed ensemble approach accomplished around 84%, however the highest accuracy of the other investigated models was 76%. The presented experiments were examined on the Arabic tweets’ dataset for the EI-OC task provided by SemiEval, which contains 5600 tweets.
KEYWORDS
text classification, fine-tuning, voting technique, naive bayes, augmentation, transformers
Impacto de la Intervención Educativa en el autocuidado de Pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
Authors: Osorio Hernández Norma Delia , Juárez Flores Gregoria , Barrera García Eva , Guzmán Balderas Diego , Emigdio Vargas Abel
Published: October 2024

La medicina preventiva es crucial para manejar enfermedades crónicas, especialmente en adultos mayores. En este contexto, se realizó un estudio para evaluar el impacto de una intervención educativa basada en la teoría de Orem (1969) sobre autocuidado en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 del Grupo de Ayuda Mutua Enfermedades Crónicas "Un nuevo día 2022", Clínica de Diabetes Zapata 1 Jurisdicción Sanitaria 07 de Acapulco, Guerrero. El estudio fue de tipo cuasi experimental, incluyó a 14 pacientes, la muestra estudiada presentó una edad promedio de 52.0 años y se enfocó en mejorar su conocimiento sobre autocuidado, con la expectativa de observar mejoras en parámetros físicos y metabólicos como el IMC, hemoglobina glucosilada, colesterol y triglicéridos. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los participantes tenía comorbilidades adicionales y un tiempo de evolución de más de cinco años desde su diagnóstico. Después de la intervención educativa, se observó mejora significativa en los resultados de salud, evidenciada por la reducción del IMC, la disminución de hemoglobina glucosilada, y la baja en los niveles de colesterol y triglicéridos. El programa educativo demostró un impacto positivo en la salud de los pacientes, se sugiere un seguimiento continuo para abordar integralmente factores de riesgo cardiovascular.
EVALUASI PURNA HUNI ASPEK FUNGSI DI RUANG KELAS PERSIAPAN SLB YPAC MANADO
Authors: Syafriyani Syafriyani , Rahmayanti Rahmayanti , Mutmainnah Nur , Saputra Wahyu
Published: October 2024

Ruang Kelas merupakan suatu ruang yang dirancang untuk memenuhi suatu fungsi dan tujuan tertentu. Fungsi ruang kelas khusus siswa berkebutuhan khusus sebagai tempat belajar, praktek, dan bermain. Ruang kelas persiapan sebagai setting yang telah dikelola dan diatur oleh organisasi Sekolah Luar Biasa YPAC Manado sehingga pemakai menyesuikan diri dengan kondisi ruang maupun perabot yang ada.  Evaluasi pada aspek fungsi berkaitan dengan faktor manusia (antropometri), hal ini sejalan dengan tujuannya yaitu untuk meninjau performa kinerja aspek fungsi di ruang kelas persiapan. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan metode komparatif kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan berupa kuesioner dan pengukuran dilapangan yang dikomparasikan dengan standar perabot sekolah berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional RI Nomor 32 Tahun 2011.Hasil performa yang didapatkan ukuran perabot tidak nyaman berdasarkan antropometri karena melebihi jangkauan tangan siswa sehingga diperlukan rekomendasi desain yang sesuai dengan standar dan kenyamanan siwa berkebutuhan khusus.
PENERAPAN ARSITEKTUR ANALOGI PADA PERANCANGAN SEKOLAH TINGGI SENI MUSIK DI GORONTALO
Authors: Husain Mario , Heryati Heryati , Abdul Nurnaningsih Nico
Published: October 2024

Numerous musical enthusiasts in Gorontalo would like to further their education; however, they have to face the fact that educational facility does not exist in their area. There is no music art high school in Gorontalo that was created to accommodate prospective students who wish to continue their education in the music field. Those music enthusiasts study through independent learning, private course, or social media such a YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, and others online media. Therefore, music is one field that needs to be developed and facilitated in Gorontalo. Further, the data were collected through interviews, direct observation, and literature studies. The data is then processed into a design concept that uses an analogy as its approach. This design concept was then used to guide the College of Music Arts building in Gorontalo.Banyak peminat musik di Gorontalo yang ingin melanjutkan ilmu bermusiknya masih dihadapkan dengan fakta bahwa tempat untuk menimba ilmu yang mereka minati ternyata tidak ada di daerahnya. Di Gorontalo sendiri belum terdapat sekolah tinggi seni musik yang dibuat untuk dapat menampung minat calon mahasiswa di Gorontalo yang ingin melanjutkan ilmunya di bidang bermusik. Rata-rata dari mereka yang memiliki minat terhadap musik, belajar secara mandiri melalui kursus privat ataupun hanya melalui media internet seperti YouTube, Instagram, Facebook dan media online lainnya. Oleh karena itu, musik menjadi salah satu bidang yang perlu dikembangkan dan difasilitasi di Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan tiga cara pengumpulan data yakni, Wawancara, Observasi Langsung, dan Studi Literatur. Melalui tahapan pendekatan dengan mengumpulkan data-data yang ada, kemudian mengungkapkan masalah yang didapati dan membuat tujuan perancangannya sekaligus menyusun teori-teori yang bisa mendukung pada saat perancangan. Hasil yang didapat melalui analisis diolah menjadi sebuah konsep perancangan dengan menggunakan analogi sebagai pendekatannya. Konsep perancangan ini untuk kemudian dijadikan sebagai pedoman dalam merancang bangunan Sekolah Tinggi Seni Musik di Gorontalo.
OPTIMALISASI CREATIVE PLACEMAKING RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK TAMAN AIR MANCUR LIMBOTO
Authors: Erick A Yohanes P , Ma'sum Ratna Dwi , Palilati Mifidyah Putri , Entengo Syukri
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the optimization strategy of creative placemaking that can be applied to Taman Air Mancur Limboto. Taman Air Mancur Limboto conditions that are degraded both physically and non-physically need efforts to overcome these problems through planning and development through creative placemaking approach. Public open spaces that were previously unattractive and very quiet for visitors are designed and arranged in such a way as to increase the vitality of the area and restore its proper function. This study uses a type of qualitative approach through observation or observation along with the exposure of field data. Primary data collection and secondary data conducted as supporting data research. Of the 6 (six) relevance of the concept of Creative Placemaking to public open space Taman Air Mancur Limboto through the planning and development of the area then the six aspects have been implemented with the appropriate design. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis terhadap strategi optimalisasi creative placemaking yang mampu diaplikasikan pada Taman Air Mancur Limboto. Kondisi Taman Air Mancur Limboto yang mengalami degradasi baik fisik dan non fisik perlu adanya upaya-upaya dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut yakni melalui perencanaan dan pengembangan melalui pendekatan creative placemaking. Ruang terbuka publik yang sebelumnya tidak menarik dan sangat sepi pengunjung didesain dan ditata sedemikian rupa sehingga mampu meningkatkan vitalitas kawasan serta mengembalikan fungsi sebagaimana mestinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis pendekatan kualitatif melalui pengamatan atau observasi beserta pemaparan data lapangan. Pengumpulan data primer maupun data sekunder dilakukan sebagai  data pendukung penelitian. Dari 6 (enam) relevansi konsep Creative Placemaking terhadap ruang terbuka publik Taman Air Mancur Limboto melalui perencanaan dan pengembangan kawasan maka ke enam aspek tersebut sudah di implementasikan dengan desain perancangan yang sesuai.