bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF CONTACT FRICTION BETWEEN THE END SURFACES OF THE SAMPLES AND THE SUPPORTS OF THE TESTING MACHINE ON THE DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF HIGH-POROUS ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE CERAMICS UNDER CONDITIONS OF QUASI-STATIC UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, SEVOSTYANOVA I.N. , SAVCHENKO N.L. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The mechanical properties and deformation behavior of ZrO2-3 mol.% Y2O3 ceramics in the porosity range of ((40-60)±2)% are studied under conditions of quasi-static compression. It has been shown that the mechanical properties of porous ceramics and the processes of deformation and destruction are affected not only by the porosity, but also by the contact friction between the end surfaces of the samples and the support plates of the testing machine. Increasing the contact friction between the samples and the support plates of the testing machine leads to an increase in the compressive strength and effective modulus of elasticity of ceramic samples with porosity of 40 and 50%. In samples with porosity of 60%, the magnitude of contact friction does not affect the mechanical properties. A decrease in the coefficient of contact friction in ceramics with the same porosity leads to a change in the shape of the stress-strain curves from that typical of the catastrophic brittle fracture to that typical of quasi-ductile fracture due to the multiple microcracking. In this case, the appearance of fragments during the destruction of samples changes from cone-shaped figures with the base at the end surfaces to lamellas parallel to the compression axis.
A NEW METHOD FOR FORMING THE STRUCTURE OF THE NUTATION LINE IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC FLOWMETERS-RELAXOMETERS FOR DIFFERENT FLOW MODES OF LIQUID MEDIA
Authors:   Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, DAVYDOV V.V. , GOL'DBERG A.A. ,   Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, PROVODIN D.S. ,   Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, DAVYDOV R.V. ,   Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University; Alferov University, DUDKIN V.I. ,   The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications
Published: December 2024

The problems that arise when monitoring flow parameters (flow rate, relaxation times, Reynolds number) using the nuclear magnetic resonance method at a rapid change in the flow speed in a turbulent flow regime are considered. A new method has been developed for forming the structure of a nutation line with magnetization at the level of noise from the liquid medium flow in a strong inhomogeneous magnetic field. Experimental studies of the nutation line formed from the flow of magnetized liquid were carried out for its various parameters. The adequacy of using the new method for measuring the fluid flow q and longitudinal relaxation time T1 in a current flow has been confirmed. New coefficients are proposed in the Bloch equations, which describe the movement of three magnetization components (Mx', My', and Mz') in a nutation coil in a fluid flow in a strong inhomogeneous field. For various parameters of the magnetic fields and fluid flow, the structures of the nutation line are calculated, which correspond to the experimental ones. The experimental and theoretical data obtained made it possible to establish the relationship between the parameters of magnetic fields and the flow velocity (the duration of action of a radiofrequency field on the magnetized liquid in the section of the pipeline, on which the nutation coil is located) to ensure the formation of the nutation line at the noise level.
ATTENUATION OF NEAR-SURFACE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS BY MAGNETODIELECTRIC COATINGS
Authors:   Institute of Physical Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, VETLUZHSKY A.YU.
Published: December 2024

The problem of excitation of a magnetodielectric layer on a conducting base by a vertical dipole is solved. Analytical expressions are obtained that make it possible to determine the conditions for maximum attenuation of the near-surface field, which can be used for the purpose of spatial decoupling of on-board antennas of aircraft. It has been shown that attenuating layers formed by metadielectrics with a complex nature of both dielectric and magnetic permeability have the best band properties. The relationship between the reflective and decoupling properties of the coatings under consideration is analyzed.
DYNAMIC ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC POLARIZABILITIES OF [28]HEXAPHYRIN CONFORMATIONS
Authors:   Tomsk State University, VALIULINA L.I. , CHEREPANOV V.N. ,   Tomsk State University, VALIEV R.R. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

The results of a study of dynamic electric and magnetic polarizabilities for the twisted Hückel and Möbius conformations of an expanded porphyrin (A, D-di-p-benzy[28]hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1)) are presented. A method for calculating the dynamic magnetic polarizability of molecules is proposed. At the level of density functional theory, dipole moments and transition energies were calculated for the 10 lower singlet excited states of the molecules considered. It is shown that in the studied conformations of the extended porphyrin, there are active transitions in both the electric dipole and magnetic dipole approximations, with large values of the transition dipole moments. Near the frequencies corresponding to these transitions, the electric and magnetic polarizabilities simultaneously take on negative values.
ANALYSIS OF FEATURES OF THE ENERGY SPECTRUM OF LOCALIZED STATES OF COMPOSITE COMPOUND BASED ON THIN LAYERS OF LEAD TETRAOXIDE
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, GRABKO G.I. , ATUKHTIN A.G. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of an analysis of the energy spectrum of traps in the band gap of a composite compound - polycrystalline layers of Pb3O4 with a binder - organosilicon varnish, carried out by the It = f(lg t) characteristics method. The density of localized states decreases deep into the band gap from the bottom of the valence band, moving from a distribution with increased density to a discrete nature of the distribution of energy levels.
EFFECT OF TWINNING AND γ-ε-MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATION ON MECHANICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF CRMNFECONI HIGH ENTROPY ALLOY SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors:   Tomsk State University, VYRODOVA A.V. , KIREEVA I.V. ,   Tomsk State University, CHUMLYAKOV Y.I. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

The effect of the chemical composition of the alloys and test temperature on the stresses at the yield point σ0.1(T), deformation mechanism (slip, twinning, and γ -ε martensitic transformation (MT)), strain hardening coefficient θ = dσ/dε, plasticity, fracture, and shape memory effect (SME) in the [͞111]-oriented single crystals of the Cr20Mn20Fe20Co20Ni20 and Cr20Mn20Fe20Co33Ni7 high-entropy alloys (HEAs) has been studied under tension. It was shown that by changing the concentration of Ni from 20 to 7 at.% and Co from 20 to 33 at.% in equiatomic Cr20Mn20Fe20Co20Ni20 HEA, the Cr20Mn20Fe20Co33Ni7 HEA with γ-ε MT during cooling and heating in the free state and under stress was obtained for the first time. The γ-ε MT is reversible and exhibits an SME. The maximum SME value of (7.4±0.02)% was obtained under conditions of isothermal deformation at 77 K followed by heating in an oven at 573 K for 15 minutes. At 296 K in [͞111]-oriented single crystals of Cr20Mn20Fe20Co20Ni20 and Cr20Mn20Fe20Co33Ni7 HEAs, the main deformation mechanism is slip and twinning, which develops in one system. At 77 K in [͞111]-oriented single crystals of Cr20Mn20Fe20Co20Ni20 and Cr20Mn20Fe20Co33Ni7 HEAs, deformation from the very beginning (ε = 5%) develops, respectively, by twinning and ε-martensite in several systems. The maximum θ = 4576 MPa and quasi-cleavage fracture were observed in the [͞111]-oriented single crystals of Cr20Mn20Fe20Co33Ni7 HEA with the simultaneous development of several variants of ε-martensite at 77 K. The maximum plasticity of 57% was achieved during deformation by twinning in several systems in the [͞111]-oriented single crystals of Cr20Mn20Fe20Co20Ni20 HEA at 77 K.
MORPHOLOGY OF DEFORMATION RELIEF IN ALLOYS BASED ON IRON AND MANGANESE DURING SCRATCH TESTING
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, NOVITSKAYA O.S. , LYCHAGIN D.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FILIPPOV A.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, SEMENCHUK N.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, SIZOVA O.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The study of the morphological features of the relief formed during scratch testing of the material can be used as an assessment of its ductility and crack resistance. This paper examines the development of deformation relief on the surface of fcc alloys based on Fe and Mn, namely, Hadfield steel, TWIP steel (TWIP - twinning-induced plasticity) Fe-22Mn-0.6C, and high-entropy Cantor alloy. Scratching was performed on undeformed materials with a linearly increasing load from 0.5 to 100 N. The relief analysis was performed using laser confocal microscopy. Based on the results obtained, a lower ductility resource and crack resistance were diagnosed for the Hadfield steel compared to other materials studied.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FILTRATION OF A TWO-PHASE BIOLOGICAL LIQUID IN A CYLINDRICAL PORE
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, NAZARENKO N.N. , KNYAZEVA A.G. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The paper proposes two variants of the model for the filtration of a two-phase biological fluid through a two-layer capillary wall. The influence of porosity and viscosity was investigated for two models: the Buckley - Leverett model and the Rapoport - Leas model. The results were qualitatively the same for both models. When capillary forces are taken into account (Rapoport - Leas model) or when liquids have significantly different viscosities, one liquid displaces the other faster. In the Rapoport - Leas model, the greater the difference in viscosities of unmixed fluids, the lower the outlet pressure. It is shown that the porosity, layer structure, and viscosity affect the fluid distribution, which may be important in studying the flow of biological fluids in porous biological media and tissues.
Impact of green absorptive capacity on corporate sustainability: a model for sustainable development
Authors: Martinez Minerva , Valdés Medina Filiberto E. , Jaramillo Benhumea Efraín
Published: December 2024

All sectors of society have faced numerous economic, social, technological, competitive, and environmental changes in a dynamic and changing marketplace. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship of the green absorptive capacity on the environmental integrity, economic prosperity, and social equity of sustainable development in the industrial context in Mexico. The research method was a quantitative cross-sectional design, with a sample size of 108, and the data analysis used PLS-SEM. The results showed a strong and significant relationship between green absorptive capacity with environmental integrity, economic prosperity, and social equity. The results of this research support to argue how to promote sustainable development, based on the pillars of Resource-Based Theory. This study fills a research gap, and provides new theoretical arguments. The world of business is increasingly challenging and dynamic, so the results could also help to solve practical problems. 
KEYWORDS
Green absorptive capacity, sustainable development, environmental integrity, economic prosperity, social equity.
Identidades Quilombolas
Authors: Gimovski Fabio , Oliveira Cintia Mara Ribas de
Published: December 2024

This essay critically analyzes the identities of Brazilian quilombola communities as continuous processes of cultural hybridization. It argues that static, essentialist, and dichotomous perspectives, such as traditional versus modern and rural versus urban, are insufficient to grasp the complexity of these experiences. Instead, it proposes understanding them through postcolonial and decolonial theoretical approaches to hybridity, cultural translation, and intersectionality. The study demonstrates how, since their genesis in colonial quilombos, these groups have engaged in creative negotiations among diverse African, Indigenous, and later urban matrices in complex resistance strategies. It explores the inherently fluid, multiple, and transcultural nature of quilombola identities, shaped by internal tensions and hybridizations of gender, generation, class, and territory. Finally, it highlights implications for the formulation of intercultural public policies and participatory research that value the ongoing processes of identity reinvention led by these communities.
Evaluation of Systemic and Hematological Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Vitamin D Deficiency
Authors: Alışık Tuğba
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to comprehensively examine the effects of vitamin D (VD) on systemic and hematological inflammatory markers.
Material and Method: A total of 2889 patients with albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine and leukocyte values within the reference ranges were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into three groups based on their 25-hydroxy VD levels: group-1 (VD deficiency, VD20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L)) groups. CRP-albumin ratio (CAR), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were calculated.
Results: The age of the groups did not differ significantly (p=0.094), while the percentage of females was significantly higher in group-1 than in group-2 and group-3 (p
Inflammation and Apoptosis-Related Damage in Lung, Liver, and Kidney Tissues due to Subarachnoidal Hemorrhage
Authors: Oğuzoğlu Ali Serdar , Aşçı Halil , Canan Musa , Şenol Nilgün , Özmen Özlem
Published: December 2024

Objective: Oxidant and inflammatory substances released into the blood due to subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SAH) can pass into the peripheral compartment, causing distant organ damage due to blood-brain barrier permeability caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study aimed to demonstrate the secondary damage to peripheral organs, including the lung, kidney, and liver, resulting from SAH.
Material and Method: Twenty rats were divided into sham and SAH groups, each consisting of ten animals. In the SAH group animals, 0.3 mL autologous blood taken from the tail artery was injected into the cisterna magna for 2 minutes. Seven days after SAH formation, all animals were euthanized under anesthesia. Following decapitation, brain tissues, lung, liver, and kidney tissues were placed in 10% formaldehyde for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.
Results: In the SAH group, neuronal degeneration in the cerebral cortex, and hyperemia and hemorrhage in the lung, kidney, and liver were observed histopathologically. In immunohistochemical examinations, decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurofilament (NF) in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus sections; In lung tissues, enhanced caspase (Cas)-3, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (Hif-1α) and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) expressions in the lung, Cas-5, cyclooxygenase-1 (Cox-1) and interleukin (IL)-1 expressions in the liver, Cas-3, Cox-1 and IL-3 expressions in the kidney were observed.
Conclusion: Following SAH, in addition to damage to brain tissue, peripheral tissues such as the lung, kidney, and liver can also be damaged through inflammation and apoptosis.
Impact of COVID-19 History on Hospital Stay Duration and Postoperative Complication Rates in Patients Undergoing VATS Lobectomy for Stage I and II Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Derdiyok Onur
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study investigates how a prior COVID-19 history influences hospital stay durations and postoperative complication rates among patients undergoing VATS lobectomy for stage I and II lung cancer between 2020 and 2024.
Material and Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including 145 patients who underwent VATS lobectomy at Şişli Etfal Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: those with a history of COVID-19 (n=59) and those without (n=86). Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, hospital stay duration, and postoperative complications were collected and analyzed. Additionally, perioperative blood loss and the duration of chest tube placement were recorded for each patient. Patients who required more than 300 mL of drainage within the first 24 hours were carefully monitored, and further interventions were noted if necessary.
Results: Additionally, the postoperative complication rate was higher in the COVID-19 group (36.5%) compared to the non-COVID-19 group (22.1%) (P < 0.05). Common complications included pneumonia, fever, and wound infection. Patients with a history of COVID-19 experienced a notably longer mean hospital stay (8.5 ± 3.7 days) compared to those without (5.2 ± 2.8 days).The perioperative blood loss was higher in patients with a history of COVID-19, with an average of 150 mL compared to 100 mL in the control group. Additionally, the chest tube duration was significantly prolonged in the COVID-19 group (6.2 ± 1.5 days) compared to the non-COVID-19 group (4.3 ± 1.2 days).
Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for careful perioperative management and monitoring in this patient population. Patients with a prior history of COVID-19 undergoing VATS lobectomy exhibit prolonged hospital stays and increased postoperative complication rates.
Relationship Between Placenta Previa and Premature Preterm Rupture of Membranes: Case-Cohort Study
Authors: Yılmaz Ergani Seval , Şahin Büşra , Akdaş Reis Yıldız , Sucu Sadun , Ulusoy Can Ozan , Bucak Mevlüt , Şeyhanlı Zeynep , Karabay Gülşan , Tokgöz Betül , Aktemur Gizem , Özgürlük İzzet , İskender Cantekin
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether the prevalence of premature preterm rupture of membranes (PPROM) is higher among patients with placenta previa.
Material And Method: A retrospective screening was conducted on a total of 59,567 pregnant women who delivered at our hospital between 2016 and 2021. Among the patients, 1,721 pregnant women meeting the inclusion criteria with PPROM were identified. The participants were divided into two groups: PPROM without placenta previa (control group, n=1,698) and PPROM with placenta previa (n=23). The data were analyzed subsequently.
Results: The birth week of PPROMs with placenta previa was found to be earlier (p = 0.028). The time between diagnosis and birth was shorter in PPROMs with placenta previa than in the second group (p < 0.001), and there was a higher frequency of clinical chorioamnionitis in these patients (p=0.037). The prevalence of PPROM with placenta previa was 8.4%, compared to 2.88% for PPROM without placenta previa, demonstrating a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Our study found a significantly higher prevalence of PPROM in patients with placenta previa compared to those without placenta previa. Moreover, the interval from diagnosis to delivery was shorter, and clinical chorioamnionitis was more common in patients with PPROM and placenta previa.
The Protective Effects of Cannabidiol on Chest Trauma-Induced Brain Injury by its Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects
Authors: Milletsever Adem , Gülal Abdurrahman , Aşçı Halil
Published: December 2024

Objective: Chest trauma-induced brain injury (CTBI) is caused by the formation of inflammatory cytokines in the lungs and blood. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive agent, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of CBD on CTBI.
Material and Method: Forty male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups: control, CTBI (200 g weight drop on the anterior chest wall from a height of 1 meter), CTBI+CBD (5 mg/kg, single dose intraperitoneally), and CBD. After 48 hours, rats were sacrificed under anesthesia, and brain tissues were placed in a 10% formaldehyde solution for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination.
Results: In the CTBI group, hemorrhagic areas, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, caspase-3, and malondialdehyde expressions increased in histological and immunohistochemical examinations compared to the control group. CBD treatment reduced hemorrhagic areas and reversed immune expressions.
Conclusion: Inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in brain tissue may develop in CTBI. These damages can be corrected with CBD treatment.
Comparing the Effects of Infusion and Bolus Doses of Bupivacaine Applied with Infraclavicular Catheter on the Duration and Need of Postoperative Analgesia
Authors: Fidançiçek Ümit , Koçman Ali , Alkaya Solmaz Filiz , Özcan Mustafa Soner , Kırdemir Pakize
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate postoperative analgesia duration, analgesic requirements, and patient satisfaction between continuous infusion and bolus injection techniques using an infraclavicular catheter in patients undergoing forearm surgery.
Material and Method: We examined 100 patients which were divided into 2 groups to evaluate the data retrospectively. Bolus Injection Group (B): Patients who received 4 mL of bupivacaine (0.5%) from the catheter if the VAS value was > 3. Continuous Infusion Group (C): Patients who received 20 mg bupivacaine (0.02%) infusion via catheter using an infusion pump in 24 hours.
Demographic data, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamic data, sensory and motor block onset times, postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (1-2-6-12-24th hour), postoperative 24th and 48th hour satisfaction score, obtained from anesthesia and algology follow-up forms, were evaluated.
Results: When both groups were compared, VAS6 and VAS24 values of Group C were found to be statistically significantly lower than Group B. Satisfaction scores revealed that significantly more patients in Group C reported being very satisfied compared to Group B.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that continuous local anesthetic infusion via catheter offers more sustainable analgesia compared to bolus administration.
Carvacrol is a Novel Natural Therapeutic Approach Through the Inhibition of Proliferation, Autophagy and Migration in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Akpınar Zeynep , Gürbüz Nilgün
Published: December 2024

Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which is the most common and aggressive pancreatic cancer, has the highest mortality rate of cancers because of difficulties in diagnosis and chemoresistance. As the chemotherapeutic options are very limited and insufficient for PDAC, novel effective therapeutic approaches are urgently needed for pancreatic cancer patients. Carvacrol naturally found in thyme (Thymus vulgaris), wild bergamot (Citrus aurantium var. bergamia Loisel), black cumin (Nigella sativa), marjoram (Origanum scabrum, Origanum microphyllum, Origanum onites, Origanum vulgare) and black pepper (Lepidium flavum) plants is shown to have antibacterial and antioxidant effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticarcinogenic potential of carvacrol through proliferation and autophagy in PDAC cells.
Material and Method: To determine the anti-proliferative effects of carvacrol in Panc-1 cells, we performed the MTS assay using different carvacrol doses of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 μM at 24h, 48h, 72h. The gene and protein expressions of Atg16L1 and Beclin-1, autophagy key mediators, were analyzed by RT-PCR and western blot in Panc-1 cells treated with 300 and 400 μM for 24h, 48h. Additionally, the migrative property of PDAC cells was evaluated using a wound healing assay.
Results: Based on MTS results, carvacrol significantly inhibited cell proliferation in the doses of 300 and 400 μM at 24h and 48 h in Panc-1. These same doses led to decreased autophagy and migration through Atg16L1, and Beclin-1 expressions.
Conclusion: Our findings first revealed that carvacrol has promising value as a potential therapeutic approach for PDAC. We believe that further mechanistic investigations will be a guide for its clinical usage.
INFRAHUMANIZATION OF RUSSIANS BY UKRAINIANS DURING THE WAR: THE ROLE OF PERCEIVED STABILITY AND LEGITIMACY OF GROUP STATUSES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hlushko Y. R. , Kornitska V. І. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Vinogradov O. G. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The article studies the phenomenon of infrahumanization in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Infrahumanization means a tendency to attribute secondary (purely human) emotions to outgroup members in a lesser extent comparing to ingroup members. The study purpose was to reveal how differences in perceived stability and legitimacy of statuses influence Ukrainians’ infrahumanization of Russians, as well as to summarize methodological approaches to the study and measurement of this phenomenon. The study involved 101 Ukrainian psychologists (83.2% women; average age 35). The participants were asked to assess the expression of primary and secondary emotions in the protagonists (Ukrainian and Russian psychologists) in four scenarios describing how some trainings were conducted for Ukrainian refugees (with positive and negative feedback from the training participants). Participants’ perceptions of political regime stability in Russia and the legitimacy of
Russia’s invasion to Ukraine were also measured. Multivariate analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to analyse the obtained data. The results confirmed an existing infrahumanization effect for negative emotions – participants attributed more negative secondary emotions to Ukrainian psychologists compared to Russian psychologists. Regression analysis showed that perceived political regime stability in Russia was negatively related to infrahumanization (b = -0.20, p < 0.01), while perceived legitimacy of the invasion was positively related to infrahumanization (b = 0.16, p < 0.01). This means that participants who considered the regime in Russia unstable and justified the invasion demonstrated a higher level of infrahumanization of Russians.
Corporate Mentoring Experience in Employment of Teenagers with Disabilities
Authors: Andrievskikh A.A. , Volchanskaya V.O.
Published: December 2024

This article describes the experience of implementing the corporate mentoring program of the Guardians of Childhood Foundation during training and work internships of adolescents and young adults with disabilities. Corporate mentoring is presented as a universal model of career guidance for adolescents in the context of working relationships in existing companies, where there is an intensive transfer of experience and knowledge, the formation of skills, competencies, metacompetences and values of work activity, and the formation of work motivation. The study involved 82 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years (26 hard of hearing and deaf, 56 with mental disabilities), who were temporarily employed in 34 companies in Moscow and the Rostov Region. As a result of participating in the program, adolescents with disabilities significantly expanded their understanding of available professions, mastered the basics of the profession, learning to work in a team, gained practical work experience during internships under the guidance of mentors — company employees, and realized the prospects of their work in the future.
Bariatric surgery in elderly patients
Authors: Smirnov Alexander V. , Stankevich Vladimir  R. , Danilina Ekaterina  S. , Sychev Vladislav  I. , Voronets Evgeniya  M. , Sharobaro Vladimir  I. , Solovyev Nikolay  A. , Ivanov Yury  V. , Khabazov Robert  I.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery is indicated to patients with morbid obesity and aged 18–60 years. In older aged patients, such surgery can also be taken into consideration, however, the procedure of selecting the patients is not included into the clinical recommendations, which determines the topicality of the research. AIM: To establish a protocol for surgical treatment of morbid obesity in patients older than 60 years. METHODS: The research included 800 patients operated during the period of 2018–2023 at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Scientific and Clinical Center” of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia due to the presence of morbid obesity, of which 38 had an age of 61 and older. All the patients underwent only two types of surgery — laparoscopic longitudinal resection and laparoscopic Roux gastric bypass surgery. All the patients of the older age group underwent personalized selection for surgical treatment, screening procedures were arranged in order to detect the senile asthenia syndrome and, retrospectively, to stratify them using the GeriBari prognostic scale. During one year of follow-up, the remote results were assessed in all the patients along with the quality of life. RESULTS: There were no postoperative complications in the older age group, the 30-day mortality was 2.6% (1 patient has died from the complications of the coronaviral infection). The weight loss was found to be significantly less in the older age group (61 and older) comparing to the main group of patients (18–60 years): for laparoscopic longitudinal resection — 55.5% versus 73%, respectively (р=0.01), for laparoscopic Roux gastric bypass surgery — 58% versus 77.5% (р=0.0008). The remission of type 2 diabetes was achieved in 70.6% of the patients of the older age group. The quality of life among the patients of the older age group, even with the slight decrease of the excess body weight, was significantly better 12 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Among the elderly patients with morbid obesity, it is possible to perform bariatry surgeries safely and effectively when following the proposed protocol.
Soil Nematode Community Analysis of Four Chickpea Cultivated Areas in Aksaray, Türkiye
Authors: Yılmaz Ayşenur , Saraçoğlu Yasemin , Çakmak Taylan , Gözel Uğur
Published: December 2024

This study investigates soil nematode communities in four distinct chickpea cultivation areas in Aksaray, Türkiye, to understand their composition, ecological functions, and impact on soil health. Chickpeas, as the nitrogen-fixing crop, play a vital role in sustainable agriculture, supporting soil health and providing economic benefits in rural areas. Soil nematodes, however, including plant-parasitic types like root-knot and lesion nematodes, pose risks to chickpea yield by damaging root systems, thus necessitating effective management strategies. The research took place from May to December 2023 at Düzce University’s Nematology Laboratory. Soil samples from four locations (Akgülü, Bağınbaşı, Camili and Göllü) in Aksaray were collected and using the Baermann funnel technique nematodes were exracted. Nematode identification and ecological parameter analyses used for nematode-based biological monitoring were conducted with light microscopy and structured taxonomic keys. The study grouped the nematodes based on feeding behaviors, showing distinct profiles across locations: bacterivores dominated in Akgülü, while Bağınbaşı had a higher prevalence of plant-parasitic nematodes, suggesting soil biodiversity challenges. Analysis of soil food webs indicated a stressed ecosystem in Akgülü and enriched, structured soil in Bağınbaşı, as shown by higher enrichment and structure index values. These patterns highlight the effects of soil management on nematode communities, with biodiversity directly linked to soil health and chickpea productivity. Findings emphasize that integrated pest management, including crop rotation and resistant chickpea varieties, is essential to mitigate the effects of nematodes. The study provides insights into nematode-driven soil dynamics and underscores the need for further research on nematode impacts in various agroecosystems, particularly for sustainable chickpea cultivation.
LC-MS/MS Analysis and Biological Activities of Different Parts of Ziziphora capitate L.
Authors: Yiğitkan Serkan , Çavuşoğlu Mehmet , Çağlayan Mehmet Veysi , Yener İsmail , Fırat Mehmet , Çavuş Kaya Eda , Yılmaz Mustafa Abdullah , Ertaş Abdulselam
Published: December 2024

The Ziziphora species, classified under the Lamiaceae family, have a strong aromatic property. Ziziphora species have been used in folk medicine as sedative, gastric, aphrodisiac, bloating, and degassing. In the current study, the phenolic and flavanoid content of ethanol extracts of Ziziphora capitata L. species of flower, leaf, branch, mixed, and root parts was determined by the LC-MS/MS device. In addition, the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the extracts, as well as their inhibitory effects on enzymes (antihypertensive, AchE (acetylcholinesterase), BchE (butyrylcholinesterase), elastase, tyrosinase, collagenase and urease), were determined. The LC-MS/MS results showed that quinic acid (25578, 5842, 25171, 14055, 10597 µg g-1, respectively) was found in higher amounts in flower, leaf, branch, mixed, and root extracts of Z. capitata species compared to other components. Additionally, rosmarinic acid (17097 µg g-1), cynaroside (8432), and hesperidin (8067) were found to be major components. It was observed that the flower extract of the species exhibited strong antioxidant activity (IC50: 37.18±1.36 µg mL-1, 9.89±0.45, A0.5:16.27±0.02, respectively) in DPPH, ABTS and CUPRAC methods. It was concluded that the leaf extract of Z. capitata species had a strong cytotoxic effect on HT-29 (colon cancer cell line) (viability %: 9.26±0.69). It was observed that the root part of the species exhibited higher activity in butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzyme inhibition activity (inhibition %: 40.56±0.88) than other parts. It was determined that Z. capitata extracts did not show acetylcholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, and antihypertensive enzyme activity or showed low activity. As a result, it is thought that the flower extract of the Z. capitata species has better results in terms of the examined parameters, whereas the leaf extract needs to be subjected to more detailed in vitro and in vivo research conducted to be used in the pharmaceutical industry as a result of its cytotoxic effect against colon cancer cell lines.
GENÇ İŞSİZLERE YÖNELİK İŞGÜCÜNÜ YETİŞTİRME PROGRAMLARININ ROLÜNÜN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ÇANKIRI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Samanlı Ruhal
Published: December 2024

Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu 2023 yılı ağustos işgücü istatistiklerine göre, genç nüfusun işsizliği %17,2’dir. Genç erkeklerin işsizliği %14,2, genç kadınların işsizliği %22,7 olarak belirtilmektedir. Bu durumda tecrübe eksikliği başta olmak üzere farklı nedenlerle işsizlikle karşılaşan gençlere yönelik işgücü yetiştirme faaliyetlerinin önemi artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada işgücünün istihdam edilebilirliğini kolaylaştırmak amacında olan aktif işgücü piyasası politikaları kapsamında yürütülen işgücünü yetiştirmeye odaklanan programlar Çankırı ili örneğinde analiz edilmektedir. Çalışmada İŞKUR’un yayınladığı yıllık istatistik bültenlerinden, faaliyet raporlarından edinilen veriler ve il bazlı işgücü piyasası araştırma raporları kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmaya yön veren araştırma sorusu; Çankırı ilinde aktif işgücü piyasası programları çerçevesinde yürütülen işgücünü yetiştirmeye odaklanan programların genç işsizliğini azaltmakta ve genç istihdamını artırmakta etkili midir? Bu çalışmada doküman analizi neticesinde elde edilen veriler yorumlanacaktır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, uygulanan aktif işgücü piyasası politikaları kapsamında yürütülen işgücünü yetiştirmeye yönelik programlar Çankırı ilinde İŞKUR’a kayıtlı 15-24 yaş arasındaki genç nüfusun istihdamını artırmaya yöneliktir.
Modern Mali Devletin Oluşumu Bağlamında Vergi Devletlerinin Yükselişi Adlı Eser Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Ayyıldız Yahya
Published: December 2024

Modern kapitalizm, pek çok yönüyle kendisinden önceki feodal sistemden ayrışır. Bu iki sistemin ayrım noktalarından biri de Schumpeter’in kavramlaştırmasıyla “mülk iktidarı” ile “vergi devleti” arasındadır. Modern kapitalizmi anlamak, bir yönüyle vergi devletinin gelişimini analiz etmeyi gerektirir. Yun-Casalilla, O’Brien ve Comin’in editörlüğünü yaptığı “Vergi Devletlerinin Yükselişi Alternatif Bir Dünya Tarihi” adlı eser, vergi devletinin gelişimini ele alan ve bu süreci farklı yönleriyle irdeleyen bir derleme. Bu çalışmanın verileri, Avrupa devletlerinin oluşumunda savaşların belirleyici bir rol oynadığını desteklemektedir. Vergi devleti açısından, feodal Avrupa’dan farklı olarak, birbirine daha çok benzeyen Çin ile Osmanlı ekonomik sistemleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi gerektiği anlaşılmaktadır.
Bibliometric Analysis of Artificial Intelligence and International Trade
Authors: Baran Şüheda
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence technologies include a set of methods that enhance the ability of computers to solve complex problems and mimic human-like decision-making processes. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis on international trade and artificial intelligence to measure scientific productivity and effectiveness in this field, track the evolution of the research area, identify scientific communication networks, and identify gaps in the literature. For this purpose, the studies published in the Scopus database between 1984 and 2024 were analyzed and the data obtained were mapped with VOSviewer. A total of 486 studies with the concepts of artificial intelligence and international trade in their titles, abstracts or keywords were included in the study and subjected to bibliometric analysis. The results reveal that the number of studies in the related field has been increasing with an increasing momentum since 1984 in the international literature.
A randomized, open-label and prospective study to compare the efficacy and safety of synbiotics and rosuvastatin along with concomitant ursodeoxycholic acid in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in North India
Authors: Arora Malika , Randhawa Gurpreet Kaur , Grover Inderpal Singh , Chander Rakesh , Ohri Poonam
Published: December 2024

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disorder without significant alcohol consumption with a global prevalence of 32%. It is strongly associated with dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance and gut dysbiosis with no current USFDA approved pharmacotherapy. Thus, this study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of Synbiotics and Rosuvastatin along with concomitant Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA), in treatment of NAFLD.
Methods: An interventional, randomized, open-label, prospective and parallel study of 12 weeks with patients randomly divided into two groups- A and B of thirty each. Group A was prescribed Synbiotics (Velgut) 5 billion CFUs BD and Group B was prescribed Rosuvastatin 20 mg OD along with UDCA 300mg BD in both the groups. Patients were followed up every 15 days and mainly assessed on hepatic profile, ultrasound grading, FibroScan, fibrosis indices and lipid profile along with safety profile and compliance.
Results: On comparison, Group A showed significant improvement in hepatic parameters (p<0.001) whereas Group B showed better improvement in lipid profile (p<0.001). In case of ultrasonography for hepatic steatosis and assessment of liver stiffness by FibroScan, both Group A and B showed comparable improvement over 90 days (p=0.143 and p=0.722, respectively) with no worsening of any grades. Both groups performed similarly in terms of safety (p>0.05) and patients showed good compliance (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Combination of Synbiotics and UDCA (Group A) seems to be more efficacious than Rosuvastatin and UDCA (Group B) in North-Indian NAFLD patients over a period of 3 months. Further extensive research with more sample size and studies with longer duration are needed to validate the role of these combination therapies in NAFLD.
Comparative study of efficacy and safety of erythropoietin and darbepoetin for treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease patients: a comparative, observational and prospective study
Authors: Shah Bikesh K. , Bhat Waseem H. , George Jeeva , Ramaiah Balakeshwa
Published: December 2024

Background: Anemia is a common prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is predominantly managed with erythropoietin and darbepoetin. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of erythropoietin injection versus darbepoetin for treating renal anemia amongst patient with CKD.
Methods: Patients of either gender diagnosed with anemia due to CKD, irrespective of dialysis who had haemoglobin less than 12g/dl were included in the study. Comparison of efficacy and safety of erythropoietin and darbepoetin was done based on the laboratory values of hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), haematocrit (PCV) and adverse events respectively.
Results: A total of 108 patients met the inclusion criteria; 54 of them were treated with erythropoietin and 54 were treated with darbepoetin. The changes in Hb, RBCs and PCV in the group of patients who were on erythropoietin were 1.16, 0.49 and 3.76 respectively. Similarly, the changes in Hb, RBCs and PCV in the group of patients who were on Darbepoetin were 1.19, 0.42 and 3.52 respectively. The differences in the changes of Hb, RBCs and PCV in the both groups of patients were 0.04, 0.07 and 0.24 respectively. A total of 4 adverse events (HTN, vomiting, headache and joint pain) were reported by 24 (44.44%) patients of erythropoietin group and a total of 1 adverse event (HTN) was reported by 19 (35.19%) patients of darbepoetin group.
Conclusion: Both erythropoietin and darbepoetin were found to be equally effective and safe for the treatment of anemia in CKD patients.
A prospective observational study on iv compatibility, dose adjustment and ADR of chemotherapy drugs in oncology department at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sinha Abhishek Kumar , Sapkota Kreeti , Agrahari Sonaxi , Prabhudev B. R. , Ramaiah Balakeshwa
Published: December 2024

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Chemotherapy is a standard modality of cancer treatment that uses chemical agents or drugs to destroy cancer cells in the cell cycles or use chemicals or drugs to inhibit cancerous cells  growth and spread. The objective of this study was to assess the IV compatibility of chemotherapy drug in different solution, assess the frequency of ADR, classify ADR according to the class of drug and dose adjustment.
Methods: In this study, cancer patients of either gender (aged 21-90) admitted on the oncology department of Bangalore Baptist Hospital were included in the study. Assessment of IV compatibility was done based on the prescription pattern, dose adjustment was done on the basis of body weight, BSA and hepatic and renal parameters. Adverse reactions reported by the patients, assessed by the doctors and nurses and changes in the laboratory parameters were analysed for the assessment of ADR.
Results: A total of 43 patients met the inclusion criteria; among which 44% were male and 56% were female. The mean age of the study was 57.49. Breast cancer, stomach cancer and lung cancer were more prevalent. In the study 24 chemotherapy drugs were used among them 20 drugs were compatible in 0.9% normal saline and 4 drugs were compatible in 5% dextrose. Dose adjustment were done for 4 drugs which were Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, Trastuzumab and Ifosfamide. The average dose adjusted for Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, Trastuzumab and Ifosfamide were -0.46±3.3, 0.5±10.6, -10±0 and -50±0 respectively. Total of 25 adverse drug reaction were seen where vomiting, gastritis and anemia were more frequently seen. Alkylating agents showed more number of ADRs.
Conclusions: From the study, it can be concluded that most of the chemotherapy drugs were compatible either in 5% dextrose or 0.9% normal saline. Dose adjustments were done on the basis of body weight and BSA. Alkylating agents showed ADR most frequently and least frequent was topoisomerase inhibitor. Vomiting was the most reported ADR.
A prospective and observational study on rationale use of noradrenalin and vasopressin in critically ill patients
Authors: Sapkota Kreeti , Sinha Abhishek Kumar , Agrahari Sonaxi , Thomas Shibi Mary , Ramaiah Balakeshwa
Published: December 2024

Background: Shock, particularly septic shock, is a critical medical condition characterized by inadequate blood flow, leading to multi-organ failure and high mortality rates. Traditional treatment includes fluid resuscitation and antibiotic therapy, but advancements in understanding and management are needed. This study aims to evaluate the rationale use of noradrenalin and vasopressin in patients with shock, specifically focusing on their effects on blood pressure.
Methods: Conducted as a prospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital, the study involved 50 critically ill patients diagnosed with septic, cardiogenic or hypovolemic shock. Patients were treated with either noradrenalin, vasopressin or both and data were collected from ICU, HICU and CCU admissions. Inclusive criteria included critically ill patients with shock on noradrenalin or vasopressin. Exclusion criteria included pregnant or breastfeeding women and dialysis patients.
Results: Among the patients, septic shock was the most common type (68%). Age distribution showed a majority (24%) aged 61-70 years, while a minority (2%) was 11-20 years old. Significant contributors to septic shock were lower respiratory tract infections (23.4%) and urosepsis (19.4%). The study noted fluctuations in systolic and diastolic blood pressures in response to the medications.
Conclusions: The study result demonstrated that the change in the blood pressure were significant. Changes in the diastolic pressure when used vasopressin along with norepinephrine was more prominent. Drug interactions didn’t cause any adverse effects in the course of treatment as there is no significant fluctuation in the K levels. Not much difference was seen in blood cells count, ABG but significant decrease in serum lactate, CRP and troponin were seen.