bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Lifestyle of Nurses with and Without COVID-19 Working in Hospitals Affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Shamsi Afzal , Ghaderi Musab , Jaladati Mansureh
Published: June 2022

Background: Health and lifestyle are very important considering the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In the meantime, the lifestyle of nurses is of two-fold importance regarding their role in providing a wide range of services. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine and compare the lifestyle of nurses with and without COVID-19 working in hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Methods: This comparative study was performed on 500 nurses working in hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2021. The study population included 500 nurses with (n = 250) and without (n = 250) COVID-19 nurses. The used research methods complied with the STROBE checklist. The data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire and a cross-culturally adapted nurses’ lifestyle questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 25) and descriptive and inferential statistical tests. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered the significance level. Results: The mean age values of participants with and without COVID-19 were 33.9 ± 8.35 and 35.7 ± 7.02 years, respectively. The statistical t-test showed that the overall lifestyle score was significantly higher in nurses with COVID-19 (4.06 ± 0.39) than in nurses without COVID-19 (3.90 ± 0.43) (P = 0.010). The overall score of lifestyle subscales in the COVID-19 group was higher than the nonCOVID-19 group. In this regard, the highest subscale score was related to the competence dimension in both COVID-19 (4.69 ± 0.300) and nonCOVID-19 (4.57 ± 0.418) groups (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The lifestyle of COVID-19 nurses is better than nonCOVID-19 nurses. Accordingly, planning is necessary to improve the lifestyle of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially nurses without COVID-19.
Vzdělávání jako nástroj rozvoje: vzdělávací strategie a pedagogická autorita neziskových organizací v práci s romskými dětmi a mládeží
Authors: Jelínek Matouš
Published: June 2022

This paper analyzes the education of Roma children and youth in Czech NGOs from the perspectives of the social anthropology of development and the sociology of education. Activities usually anchored solely in a social work discourse are conceptualized as development education. The paper explores the educational strategies used by NGOs, how the main purpose of their efforts is characterized, and the basis of their pedagogical authority. Based on nine qualitative interviews with NGO representatives based in the city of Brno, the analysis shows that the educational strategies of NGOs are class determined and unreflectively evaluate the social reality of their clients. The pedagogic authority of social workers is based on liberal middle-class values which serve as a hegemonic perspective, through which social workers evaluate the social competences of their clients and their approaches to sexuality, adolescence and leisure activities. Differences in values or practices are considered a problem (underdevelopment) that needs to be solved (developed). The paper argues that insufficient reflection upon the values behind the NGO activities is one of the major reasons for the failure of their integrative efforts.
Dilemata zelené matky: proměna environmentálně příznivého spotřebního chování očima prvorodičky
Authors: Drahoňovská Marie , Pelikán Vojtěch
Published: June 2022

The process of becoming a mother is substantially linked to consumption. It can facilitate this process, but it can also put new mothers through anxiety, stress and fear of failure. Environmentally conscious women face an even greater challenge as they have to combine their pro-environmental values with the specific social norms. We conducted in-depth interviews with six such women – we called them Green Mothers. Rather than focusing on changes in their behaviour, we became interested in dilemmas they have been dealing with. We concluded that consumption plays a somewhat secondary role in accepting their maternal role – Green Mothers keep their reticent attitude. However, they have become less radical and have accepted consumer compromises. Lifestyle dilemmas are most apparent in relation to identity. Green Mothers turn from their intellectual approach to physicality, health concerns and needs of their children. Their interest in global problems declined as they had shifted their focus to more local and imminent issues. Adopting pro-environmental practices is primarily influenced neither by lack of finances, nor by social pressure, but by time. Therefore, our research contributes to the discussion on the high demands of environmentally-friendly lifestyles.
Assessment of asthma management in adult patients: A retrospective case-note review in a general practice
Authors: Mahmoud Aseel , Mullen Rachel , Penson Peter , Morecroft Charles
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to assessasthma management in a sample of adult patients in general practice. A retrospective case-note review was conducted,involving 27 asthma patients in general practice inEngland. The Asthma Quality Improvement tool informed the development of thedata collection tool. The data were analysed statistically by theresearcher using frequencies testing, using descriptive statistics.Twenty-one participants out of 27 were reviewed in the general practice in the last12-months by their healthcare practitioner. All the components of an asthmareview were assessed and recorded except the inhaler technique for 11participants and 66.7% were classed as having poorly-controlled asthma symptoms.Although the small sample size affected the generalisability ofthe findings, reviewing the medical records of each participant allowed theresearcher to highlight issues with asthma management in the sample. This studyfound that asthma care in the participants requires improvement and highlightedareas that could be targeted to enhance asthma care. Asthma care could beenhanced by focusing on increasing asthma patients’ engagement with their annualasthma reviews, enhancing the provision of the asthma action plan and followinga consistent approach for inhaler-technique check and recording of asthmareview components. Finally, conducting multiple checks of asthma patients’medical records might help to identify patients who need a review and supportthem to enhance their management of their asthma.
The Serbs in Kosovska Mitrovica: Continuity of "captured" everydayness
Authors: Pavlović Aleksandar
Published: June 2022

In this paper the author starts from previous research on the position of Serbs in Kosovska Mitrovica, of which the main part he conducted in the period from 2011 to 2014. Based on the results of this research, the everydayness of the local Serbs, in the changed socio-political context in Kosovo and Metohija after the NATO aggression in 1999, the author described as everydayness "captured" in a post-war state of conflict, filled with feelings of threat from Albanians and fear of an uncertain tomorrow. Bearing in mind the changes that took place in Kosovo and Metohija after the 2011-2014 research, which were initiated by the implementation of the Brussels Agreement, which meant integration of the institutions of the Republic of Serbia into the institutional system of self-proclaimed independent Kosovo, the author intends to give a contribution to understanding the situation of the Serbs in Kosovska Mitrovica today. He directs attention to the analysis of the local Serbs' attitudes towards the outcomes of the Brussels Agreement, and makes an effort to answer the question whether the thesis of the "captured" everydayness of the researched Serbian community is applicable today as it was according to the results of research conducted from 2011 to 2014. The methodological procedure applied in achieving the set goal was based on an anthropological key perspective, and that is the emic perspective, which means that the author used the qualitative research approach, primarily the conversation with interlocutors. The data and results presented in the paper was obtained on the basis of field research conducted in Kosovska Mitrovica during March and April 2022.
Proposiciones de igualdad para el mundo empresarial: un paso desde la experiencia propia a la práctica general
Authors: Wozna Antonina Maria
Published: June 2022

El negocio y el feminismo tienen algo en común: son carreras de fondo que requieren un entrenamiento continuo. Hay fases y momentos de despliegue y de repliegue, de contracción y de reacción, de carrera frenética y de encontrar un ritmo estable. De ahí la necesidad de encontrar las redes capaces de dar cobijo y soporte en el proceso de transformación. Este artículo destaca cinco actitudes a partir de los cuales se pueden encontrar, de forma participativa, las prácticas oportunas para cambiar el modelo piramidal empresarial actual desde la visión feminista: visión a largo y a corto plazo de los objetivos; prudencia y resistencia/ resiliencia; crear redes; escuchar al cuerpo y- en quinto lugar- encontrar puertos «seguros». La propuesta feminista no es la de responder a la pregunta cómo será el año 2050 en categorías patriarcales: mejora del rendimiento de la economía sostenible, mayores derechos de las mujeres, el cumplimiento de los objetivos del milenio, aunque tampoco estaría demás que ocurriese, sino de ver nacer una la realidad de transformación y caer en la cuenta que el futuro está en nuestras manos.
Mujeres tejiendo una red de encaje, las encajeras como modelo de colaboración y complicidad
Authors: Ribas San Emeterio Neus
Published: June 2022

Las encajeras representan uno de los colectivos vinculados al textil más activos de Europa. La crisis de los negocios de encaje artesano no ha hecho desaparecer el interés y la resistencia de un arte mayoritariamente femenino que ha buscado nuevas líneas de representación y mantiene unas redes de intercambio de conocimientos, formación y de apoyo emocional muy activas. Este artículo analiza la historia de este colectivo desde sus orígenes, cuando la actividad se centraba en la actividad laboral, hasta la actualidad con la experiencia artística y emocional en el centro de la actividad.

El estudio plantea como la estructura radial es una de las características de este colectivo a lo largo de los siglos y como la comunicación global pueden reforzarla. El artículo se apoya metodológicamente en los trabajos sobre la historia de las mujeres y el asociacionismo femenino, la escasa documentación y estudios sobre las encajeras y mi experiencia como directora de un museo dedicado al encaje.
El conocimiento posthumano de Rosi Braidotti
Authors: Mierlus Mariana Alina
Published: June 2022

Esta es una reseña del libro El conocimiento posthumano de Rosi Braidotti.
Manifiesto anarcafeminista de Chiara Bottici
Authors: Mesa Villajos Alejandro
Published: June 2022

Breve reseña de la reciente publicación en castellano del Manifiesto Anarcafeminista (NED Ediciones, 2021) de Chiara Bottici.
The Force of Non-Violence an Ethico-Political Bind de Judith Butler
Authors: Carfagnini María Eva
Published: June 2022

En febrero de 2020, se publicó el más reciente libro de Judith Butler The Force of Non-Violence: an Ethico-Political Bind, en el cual la filósofa norteamericana retoma conceptos de sus anteriores trabajos, como la vulnerabilidad, las vidas dignas de ser lloradas y la interdependencia, y esta vez se propone repensar qué es la violencia, y más específicamente, cuestionar el uso instrumental de la violencia. Ante la justificación de la violencia por parte de movimientos sociales y/o militantes con el fin de conseguir objetivos de lucha, Butler (nos) pregunta si la violencia puede seguir siendo un mero instrumento o medio para derribar la violencia -sus estructuras, su régimen- sin convertirse en un fin en sí mismo.

Este libro da cuenta de la reflexión de Butler ante los actos violentos de la policía contra poblaciones racializadas en Estados Unidos, de las experiencias violentas que sufren los refugiados que llegan a Europa a través del Mediterráneo, de las incontables muertes por feminicidios. Pero también, nace de la fuerza que esta pensadora advierte en las marchas, manifestaciones, formas de organización de los movimientos sociales como Black Lives Matter o Ni Una Menos cuando se oponen, o más bien, imponen sus cuerpos como una fuerza contra fuerza, a esas violencias del aparato estatal o a las violencias contra los cuerpos racializados o feminizados. La filósofa encuentra en esas formas de resistencia, de transformación social, el lugar para proponer un nuevo imaginario político, que no se basa en el individualismo ni en el bienestar o libertad propia, porque precisamente lo que está en juego ahí es: ¿qué es lo propio?, ¿dónde termina mi cuerpo y empieza el otro?, ¿cuál es el self que se defiende cuando se habla de self defense? Así, el The Force of Non-Violence expresa lo que Butler ha podido sentir y pensar gracias a estas formas de lucha que no hacen uso - o al menos, no siempre - de la violencia, y propone entonces, como lo dice el título del epílogo, “Repensar la vulnerabilidad, la violencia, la resistencia” para así afirmar los potenciales de una política igualitaria radical.
The Application of Law in Administrative Enforcement:Taking Article 50, Paragraph 1, Item 1 of Public Security Administration Punishments Law of the People’s Republic of China as an Example
Authors:   China University of Political Science and Law, BIAN Xiuquan
Published: June 2022

In the background of accelerating the construction of government ruled by law, the administrative organs should correctly interpret and apply the law in administrative enforcement, as well as following the principle of administration by law. Administrative organs should not casually interpret, apply the law, or even abuse their power, which will infringe the legitimate rights of private parties and against the original intention of Communist Party and country to promote the construction of government ruled by law. Administrative enforcement personnel should keep raising the capacity of law moral cultivation and make their due contributions to the construction of a government ruled by law.
Inside the belly of the beast. Reflections on the history of IRCT
Authors: Pross Christian
Published: June 2022

This paper is looking back and taking stock of the history of IRCT from the perspective of a founder of a treatment centre, former member of the IRCT council and ExCom and author of Torture Journal. It is the story of enthusiasm, ambition, dedication, devotion, hope and dreams that the worldwide battle against torture could be won in the near future. And it is also the story of a rocky road with failures, disillusionment, disappointment, team conflicts and burnout which commonly but insufficiently is described as “vicarious traumatization”. Most centres were established by charismatic, visionary pioneers with entrepreneurial skills and a missionary sense, which enabled them to build and defend their organisations against reluctant bureaucracies and the prevailing attitude of denial and indifference in society. Because they tended to ignore and neglect structural issues and develop a sense of grandiosity, these types of leaders often obstructed the transformation of the organisation into a professionally managed health care institution.
Skin lesions of primary immunodeficiency diseases
Authors:   University of Debrecen – Medical Center – Department of Dermatology, Soltész Lilla , Urbán Petra , Várvölgyi Tünde , Tóth Beáta , Szegedi Andrea
Published: June 2022

Primary immunodeficiency diseases are genetic disorders of the innate or adaptive immune system. Genetically heterogeneous disorders that typically manifest as recurrent infections, inflammatory, granulomatous and autoimmune diseases or malignancies. Skin involvement is common, occurring as an early symptom in most cases, so dermatological examination may play a crucial role in the diagnosis. Within this rare group of diseases, we describe the most common diseases focusing on their skin symptoms, and diagnostic and therapeutic options
Administrative and legal regulation of access to information about the activities of public authorities in the Russian Federation
Authors: Duben Andrei  Kirillovich
Published: June 2022

The subject of the study of this article is a set of legal norms of the Russian Federation and foreign states, international treaties (agreements) regulating public relations arising in the process of realization of the right to access information about the activities of state authorities and local self-government bodies. The object of the study is social relations arising in the process of realization of the constitutional right to access to information. The author examines in detail the issues of ensuring information security in the implementation of this constitutional right and problematic issues of administrative and legal regulation of access to information about the activities of public authorities. The main conclusions of this study are that the right to access information is a separate constitutional right with its own specific content. At the same time, the proper implementation of this right, taking into account the problems we have considered, is still under threat due to the imperfection of legislative regulation and law enforcement practice. In this regard, it should be proposed: to normalize the possibility of providing documents containing personal data of a third party, with preliminary depersonalization of such data; to determine the limits of the right to access information, taking into account the departure from the restrictive interpretation of the definition of "information on the activities of state bodies and local self-government bodies" in judicial practice (in a separate resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court The Russian Federation); to revise the approach on the correlation of individual normative legal acts regulating information and administrative relations.
Design of Microstrip Tchebyscheff Phased Array Antennas for Inter-Vehicular Communication
Authors: Roy J. S.
Published: June 2022

To enhance the safety and comfort of a driver, the wireless technology is used for inter-vehicular communication (IVC). During the lane change in highways, the driver of a high speed vehicle can exploit the antenna technology using a microcontroller. Here, a 4-element Tchebyscheff phased array of microstrip antennas for IVC application is designed at millimeter wave frequency band of 60GHz. The details of this array design with feed network, its design layout and fabricated prototype are presented.  Another 4-element microstrip Tchebyscheff phased array for 6GHz IVC application is designed and the measured result is compared with the simulated result.
Systemic Functional Linguistics and Legitimation Code Theory on Education: Rethinking field and knowledge structure
Authors:   Shanghai Jiao Tong University (China), Martin J. R. , Maton Karl ,   The University of Sydney (Australia)
Published: June 2022

This paper presents an introduction to how systemic functional linguistics (SFL) and Legitimation Code Theory (LCT) offer complementary insights into education, focusing on key ideas that brought the theories into dialogue over the past decade. It begins with a review of SFL work on field, which foregrounds the role of forms of knowledge in education. It then discusses how SFL scholars engaged with and understood Bernstein’s notions of ‘knowledge structures’ for modelling intellectual fields. This engagement raised a series of questions that were a basis for dialogue with LCT, which extends and integrates Bernstein’s framework. The paper introduces key concepts from two dimensions of LCT —Specialization and Semantics— enacted in papers in this special issue. It then briefly summarizes two major research projects into education that enact these concepts alongside SFL and provide a context to the papers of this special issue, before introducing how these papers illustrate the growing and fruitful transdisciplinary dialogue between SFL and LCT.
Pyogenic Granuloma of the Lower Airway- A Systematic Review
Authors: Deve VM Lakshana , Venkatesan R Sithananda Kumar @ , Mohanam C Vikram Raj , Arthy RG , Djamboulingam Jayapriya , Kurien Mary
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Pyogenic granulomas (PGs) are benign lesions that are very common in the upper aerodigestive tract. These lesions occur due to hormonal imbalance or due to a predisposing traumatic factor. They are relatively rare in the lower respiratory tract. There are few published papers of Pyogenic granulomas (PG) involving the lower airway in the past 30 years. Aim: A case of pyogenic granuloma of larynx mimicking malignancy has been presented along with the systematic review on methods of diagnosis, successful management, and prevention of pyogenic granuloma recurrence in the lower respiratory tract. Materials and Methods: This systematic review of literature included reports from 1981 till date, where complete details of the records were available. These reports were collected from the search engines “PubMed” and “Google Scholar” using the MeSH terms “pyogenic granuloma” OR “lobular capillary hemangioma” AND “lower respiratory tract”. The results were reviewed by three different authors independently with a main focus on methods of diagnosis and successful management and prevention of recurrence. Results: A 59-year-old male patient presented to ENT Department with hoarseness of voice for the past six months. On examination with video laryngoscope, a pale pinkish polypoidal mass originating from the anterior commissure and extending into the subglottic wedge with normal vocal cord mobility was noted. Neck examination showed splaying of thyroid cartilage with tenderness and there were no palpable lymph nodes. CT examination suggested a neoplastic etiology of thyroid cartilage erosion. The patient was managed by microlaryngeal excision of the mass and histopathological analysis revealed pyogenic granuloma with no evidence of malignancy. From the 25 papers reviewed, a predisposing trauma like a history of intubation/lower airway procedures like bronchoscopy or laryngoscopy is not a prerequisite for the occurrence of pyogenic granuloma of the lower airway. The lesions can be excised via microlaryngoscopy or using the bronchoscope depending on the site of lesion. The various surgical modalities used for excision are cold steel dissection, laser excision and cryotherapy. Conclusion: Meticulous dissection and removal of the lesion with post operative measures to prevent additional trauma like antireflux measures and appropriate antibiotic therapy seems to be helpful in preventing recurrence. Role of steroids in the management of pyogenic granuloma has not been supported by adequate literature. Further studies are required to comment on the adequacy of duration of follow-up.
Immunohistochemical Expression of p53 and bcl-2 in Psoriasis
Authors: Bohara Sangita , Das Rumpa , Dubey Shikha , Gupta Sunil Kumar , Chaturvedi Rashmi
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Apoptosis plays a major role in maintaining the balance between cellular proliferation and cell death in the skin. Blockage of apoptosis has been implicated as one of the contributing factors in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. P53 has a role in induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis as well as regulation of cell proliferation, bcl-2 is anti-apoptotic protein. Previous studies have reported controversial results relating to their expression in psoriatic skin. Aim: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of p53 and bcl-2 in the epidermis, basal cells and lymphocytes of psoriatic skin and compare it with the adjacent perilesional skin. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Safedabad, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India from June 2016 to December 2017. Fifty cases of psoriasis were included and punch skin biopsies including a small part of perilesional skin was taken. The sections were studied for the presence of immunohistochemical expression of p53 and bcl-2 using scoring systems. The perilesional part of the biopsy was used for comparing the histopathological and immunohistochemical expressions. The student t-test was used for comparison of groups using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 program and a p-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 15-68 years. Majority of the patients were males comprising 32 out of 50 cases (64%). The most common site was the extensor surfaces of limbs. The histopathological findings of psoriasis, such as acanthosis, spongiosis, suprapapillary thinning, dilated dermal vessels and dermal lymphocytic infiltrate was seen in all 50 cases of the lesional skin (100%). Dermal lymphocytic infiltrate was the most common finding in the perilesional skin and was observed in 21 cases (42%). Statistically significant immunohistochemical expression of p53 was seen chiefly in the epidermis, while bcl-2 expression was seen in the dermal lymphocytes of psoriatic (lesional) skin. Conclusion: The immunohistochemical expression of p53 in the epidermal keratinocytes of the lesional skin in psoriasis is suggested to be of wild type in response to frequent DNA damage in the actively cycling cells of epidermis. The expression of bcl-2 in the dermal lymphocytes could point towards its role in promoting the chronic inflammatory and recurrent nature of psoriatic lesions.
Pattern of Some Sperm Proteins, Anti-oxidants, Testosterone, and Prostate-Specific Antigen of Infertile Males with Sperm Cell Deformities in Port Harcourt, Rivers State
Authors: Aworu Aminayanate M. , Chioma Adline Ben- , Elekima Ibioku , Brown Holy , Bartimaeus Ebirien-Agana S.
Published: June 2022

Aim: Infertility is a global problem affecting both males and females. It is a condition with psychological, economic, and medical implications resulting in trauma and stress, particularly in a society where there is a strong emphasis on childbearing. The study therefore aims to investigate the pattern of some sperm proteins, anti-oxidants, and prostate-specific antigen in the seminal plasma of infertile males with sperm cell deformities.

Study Design: The study is a case-control study designed to investigate semen parameters and sperm proteins in infertile males with sperm cell deformities in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. However, some of the Laboratory investigations were done in the Chemical Pathology Unit and Medical Microbiology Unit of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt. The Study was between the periods of September 2019 and Feb. 2022.

Methodology: A total of 276 males indicated interest to participate in the study of which 193 male subjects were recruited. These subjects were grouped into normospermic males (100), azoospermic (40) and oligospermic males (53). Based on their sperm cell morphology and active motility, they were further classified into asthenozoospermic (40), oligoasthenozoospermic (48), teratozoospermic (26), asthenoteratozoospermic (32), and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (22). HSP70, PKA, MDA, TAC, and GPX (in seminal plasma), PSA, and testosterone (in serum) were analyzed using ELISA while TAC was done using spectrophotometric methods. Results obtained were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism and SPSS.

Results: Sperm motility, TSC, and normal sperm morphology were poor in oligospermic subjects but were very severe in OAT subjects. Sperm proteins were altered in subjects with abnormal sperm cell morphologies. HSP70 and PKA were significantly increased while OPN, TAC, and GPX were significantly decreased in the seminal plasma of infertile males with abnormal sperm cells. Testosterone and PSA in blood plasma were significantly lower and higher respectively.

Conclusion: Oxidative stress played a significant role in sperm cell deformities and fertility. OAT subjects were the most affected.
Phytochemicals Analysis in Callus, Tissue Cultured and Conventionally Propagated Plant Roots, and Cell Culture of Plumbago indica L.
Authors: Priyanjani H. A. S. A. , Senarath W. T. P. S. K. , Munasinghe M. L. A. M. S.
Published: June 2022

Aims: Plumbago indica L. commonly known as rose-coloured leadwort in English is widely used in the treatment of rheumatism, paralysis, leprosy, headache, leukoderma, enlarged glands, scorpion-sting, cancer, ophthalmia, secondary syphilis, dyspepsia, haemorrhage, piles, flatulence and loss of appetite etc. in traditional medicinal systems. Plumbagin is one of the major phytochemicals that is responsible for most of the above biological activities of P. indica. This plant is gradually decreasing from its natural habitats due to over exploitation for medicinal purposes. The use of tissue culture plants for mass scale cultivation and phytochemical extraction can protect P. indica that grows in the natural environment. The development of cell culture allows extracting plumbagin without growing plants in the field.  

Study Design: Quantitative and qualitative comparison of phytochemicals in tissue cultured and conventionally propagated P. indica plant roots and callus was done using HPLC and GC-MS analysis.

Methodology: The amount of plumbagin present in eight months old field-grown tissue cultured and conventionally propagated (shoot cutting) plant roots, callus, and cell culture were quantified by HPLC analysis and phytochemicals were identified qualitatively using GC-MS analysis.

Results: Conventionally propagated plant root extract had the highest plumbagin content 23.53 \(\pm\)5.34 \(\mu g\)/mL when compared with tissue cultured plant roots (12.90 \(\pm\)2.42 \(\mu g\)/mL), callus (0.009 µg/mL), cell culture pellet (0.015 \(\pm\)0.01 \(\mu g\)/mL) and cell culture supernatant extract (4.23 \(\pm\)2.07 \(\mu g\)/mL). The GC-MS analysis revealed that conventionally propagated plant root extract contained a higher number of phytochemicals (16) while tissue cultured plant roots contained only four. Callus extract contained only n-Hexadecanoic acid. Nine phytochemicals were detected in cell culture pellet extract while only three phytochemicals were detected in the supernatant.

Conclusion: Tissue cultured P. indica roots can be also used as a source to extract plumbagin in mass scale, yet conditions need to be optimized in order to produce high level of plumbagin. The study confirmed not only the possibility of obtaining plumbagin through cell cultures in a bioreactor system but also products that are mainly secreted into the medium.
Assessment of Various Prognostic Factors of Intestinal Anastomotic Leakage
Authors: Qureshi Zeeshan Zia , Memon Riffat Jabeen , Rasool Bilal , Memon Sohail Ahmed , Kumari Aneeta , Mujeeb-ur- Rehman .
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To determine the various prognostic factors of intestinal anastomosis leakage at tertiary care Hospital

Material and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Surgical Units of Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro/Hyderabad. A total 100 patients were included those underwent intestinal anastomosis. After taking detailed history and clinical examination, in the patients’ relevant investigations i.e. Blood CP, X-ray abdomen, Methylene Blue Test (to confirm leaks) and ultrasound of the abdomen. If they remain free of any complication, they were discharged. After collection of data, the analyses were done using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program version 26.0

Results: Mean age of the patients was recorded as 51.5+3.5 years and males were found in the majority (76.6%). In the clinical presentation, abdominal pain was the most common (63.6%). Typhoid 75(25.0%) was the most common diagnosis. The pathological sites were found as Ileocolic 180(60.0%). Poor nutritional status was in 60.0% cases. Anaemia was 40%, diabetes 20%, and hypertension 10%. A high steroid dose history was in 10% cases and 6.6% had a history of chemotherapy. Ischemia of the intestine at the suture line was seen in 6%, local sepsis was 20%, obstruction distal to the anastomosis was 6.6%, postoperative early adhesions was 6.6%.

Conclusion: Male gender, poor nutritional status, diabetes, anemia, presence of local sepsis, chemotherapy and high dose steroid were observed highly prevalent and suspected as factors of anastomosis leakage. Furthermore, many efforts need to be made to reduce the mortality and morbidity rates associated with anastomotic leaks.
Gas‐Permeable Organic Electrochemical Transistor Embedded with a Porous Solid‐State Polymer Electrolyte as an on‐Skin Active Electrode for Electrophysiological Signal Acquisition
Authors: Wang Jiabin , Lee Sunghoon , Yokota Tomoyuki , Someya Takao
Published: June 2022

Fibrous nanomesh organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) embedded with porous solid‐state polymer electrolytes (SPE) are developed for use as on‐skin active electrodes. The OECTs exhibit a microporous structure, which makes them gas permeable, allowing for the evaporation of sweat vapor when they are in conformable contact with the skin. The non‐volatility of the SPE allows for the long‐term functionality of organic electrochemical transistors. The superior electrical characteristics of the OECT can be utilized to locally amplify on‐skin bio‐potential signals. The acquisition of high‐quality electrocardiogram signals is demonstrated in this study. This porous transistor‐type on‐skin active electrode enables the long‐term acquisition of high‐quality electrophysiological signals.
Enhanced Flexibility and Stability of Emissive Layer Enable High‐Performance Flexible Light‐Emitting Diodes by Cross‐Linking of Biomass Material
Authors: Sun Siqi , Jia Pei , Lu Min , Lu Po , Gao Yanbo , Zhong Yuan , Tang Chengyuan , Zhang Yu , Wu Zhennan , Zhu Jinyang , Zhang Yuantao , Yu William W. , Bai Xue
Published: June 2022

Flexible perovskite light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have been highly expected to realize advanced wearable optoelectronic applications due to the excellent optoelectronic properties of perovskites. However, the poor water and oxygen stability and limited flexibility of perovskites prevent their commercialization and applications in flexible LEDs. Herein, the low‐cost and green biomass materials‐ethyl cellulose (EC) is added in the CsPbI3 nanocrystals (NCs), acting as a cross‐linker between neighboring halide octahedra through hydrogen bonds and PbO coordination bonds. It reduces the defect densities of NCs, leading to improved photoluminescence quantum yield. Simultaneously, the synergistic effect of efficient defect passivation and hydrophobic ether groups of EC significantly improve the environment stability of NCs. Additionally, the favorable flexibility of EC and cross‐linking between EC and perovskite NCs improve the deformation resistance of the perovskite layer with stable photoluminescence and negligible cracks after repeated bending. Consequently, flexible LEDs based on the EC‐passivated CsPbI3 NCs achieved a record external quantum efficiency of 12.1% and significantly enhanced operational stability. Moreover, the flexible LEDs show small luminance degradation after bending for 1000 cycles at a radius of 3 mm, and still retain high performance even after repeatedly bending at an ultrasmall bending radius of 1 mm.
Iterative learning control for hyperbolic distributed parameter systems based on sensor–actuator networks
Authors: Zhang Jianxiang , Cui Baotong , Lou Xuyang , Wu Wei
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes two kinds of iterative learning control (ILC) schemes for a class of the distributed parameter systems based on sensor–actuator networks which can be described by hyperbolic partial differential equations. A D‐type ILC algorithm is first considered and the convergent condition of the output error is obtained via the contraction mapping methodology. Then, the PD‐type ILC algorithm is considered in this hyperbolic distributed parameter systems based on sensor–actuator networks. Finally, a cable equation with air and structural damping is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Interval estimator design for switched systems with its application
Authors: Zhao Ying , Gao Yuxuan , Wang Rui , Wang Peng
Published: June 2022

This paper is concerned with the interval estimation issue for switched systems subject to the bounded noise signal and disturbance signal. By virtue of the positiveness feature of the interval estimation error dynamics, the multiple co‐positive Lyapunov functions strategy is presented to build the interval estimators for the switched linear systems under the dwell‐time dependent switching signal. A new criterion is driven to ensure the boundedness of the interval estimation errors. This criterion can be checked by linear programming technique. In the end, a beneficial application of estimating the speeds of an engine model is offered to verify the estimation performances of the established interval estimation technique.
The epidemiology and prognosis of patients with primary gastric T‐cell lymphoma in the SEER program
Authors: Zhang Minyue , Xiao Fei , Lin Meisi , Chen Mengping , Hou Jian , Huang Honghui
Published: June 2022

Background

Primary gastric T‐cell lymphoma (PG‐TCL) is a rare hematological malignancy with few data reported. The objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and survivals of PG‐TCL.

Methods

Totally, 164 patients with PG‐TCL from 1975 to 2016 extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database were analyzed. Kaplan–Meier method was applied to plot overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS). The prognostic factors of OS and CSS were explored by Cox proportional hazard regression. Nomograms were constructed to predict survival possibilities.

Results

The age‐adjusted incidence rate of PG‐TCL was 0.0091 per 100,000 person‐years and increased with age. The median age at onset was 65 years old with male predominance. The major histological type was peripheral T‐cell lymphoma, NOS (63.4%). The 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year OS were 45.5%, 34.7%, and 23.5%, respectively while the 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year CSS were 47.4%, 37.3%, and 29.6%, respectively. Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that age at diagnosis, use of chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were the independent prognostic factors for OS. Chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy could significantly improve patients' OS compared with chemotherapy alone. Moreover, age at diagnosis and use of chemotherapy were also the independent prognostic factors for CSS. Nomograms for PG‐TCL were developed to predict 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year OS possibilities. The predictability of nomograms was verified by high concordance index and good agreement with the predicted value in calibration plots.

Conclusion

PG‐TCL is a rare neoplasm with low incidence. Patients with PG‐TCL generally exhibited poor prognosis. Use of chemotherapy plus radiotherapy was associated with favorable OS.
Integration of planning, scheduling, and control: A review and new perspectives
Authors: Andrés‐Martínez Oswaldo , Ricardez‐Sandoval Luis A.
Published: June 2022

The competitive, profitable, and safe operation of chemical plants depends on tight and effective coordination among the different decision making levels of the enterprise, including planning, scheduling, and control. The optimal integration of these functions has become critical given the disruptive effects of the recent COVID‐19 pandemic on the supply chains and the current trends in climate change. However, integrating multiple decision making levels creates modelling and computational challenges. In this study, we review the progress made in the integration of two and three decisions levels using mathematical programming and control theory tools. We highlight the model reduction and decomposition techniques that have been applied, as well as the main issues that remain unsolved. Perspectives on emergent areas of application and novel computing solutions are also discussed.
Conditional ablation of E‐cadherin in the oral epithelium progeny results in tooth anomalies
Authors: Kyrkanides Stephanos , Trochesset Denise , Cordero‐Ricardo Maria , Brouxhon Sabine M.
Published: June 2022

Objectives

The objective of this study is to confirm the developmental origin of the enamel organ and evaluate the role of E‐cadherin in tooth development by conditional deletion in the oral epithelium and its enamel organ progeny. K5‐Cre;ROSA26 compound mice were included in this study in order to confirm the oral epithelial origin of the enamel organ, as well as of the action of the K5‐Cre transgene in ablating E‐cadherin in the enamel organ. K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/fl knockout mice were included to evaluate the effects of the conditional E‐cadherin ablation onto tooth development.

Material and Methods

K5‐Cre transgenic mice were crossed into the ROSA26 reporter mouse to trace the cell fate of the oral epithelium and its progeny in vivo. Moreover, K5‐Cre mice were crossed into the Ecadfl/fl mice to produce K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/fl compound mouse, as well as K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/+ and Ecadfl/fl littermate controls. These litters were euthanized at postnatal day P2 to study the effects of conditional E‐cadherin ablation in vivo.

Results

The K5‐Cre;ROSA26 compound mouse demonstrated that the origin of the enamel organ and the structures thereof are of oral epithelial origin. Furthermore, using the K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/fl compound mouse, we determined that conditional ablation of E‐cadherin in the oral epithelium, and its progeny, results in dental anomalies involving elongation of the molar root, shrinkage of the pulp space, and alterations of the periapical area, including cementum hyperplasia. The K5‐Cre;Ecadfl/fl mice also displayed a smaller overall stature compared with heterozygotes and wild‐type littermates.

Conclusions

E‐cadherin is important in tooth development, including the formation of enamel, the crown, pulp space, and the roots.
Comorbidity patterns in institutionalized older adults affected by dementia
Authors: Zazzara Maria Beatrice , Vetrano Davide Liborio , Carfì Angelo , Liperoti Rosa , Damiano Cecilia , Onder Graziano
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Dementia is common in nursing homes (NH) residents. Defining dementia comorbidities is instrumental to identify groups of persons with dementia that differ in terms of health trajectories and resources consumption. We performed a cross‐sectional study to identify comorbidity patterns and their associated clinical, behavioral, and functional phenotypes in institutionalized older adults with dementia.

Methods

We analyzed data on 2563 Italian NH residents with dementia, collected between January 2014 and December 2018 using the multidimensional assessment instrument interRAI Long‐Term Care Facility (LTCF). A standard principal component procedure was used to identify comorbidity patterns. Linear regression analyses were used to ascertain correlates of expression of the different patterns.

Results

Among NH residents with dementia, we identified three different comorbidity patterns: (1) heart diseases, (2) cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and sensory impairments, and (3) psychiatric diseases. Older age significantly related to increased expression of the first two patterns, while younger patients displayed increased expression of the third one. Recent hospital admissions were associated with increased expression of the heart diseases pattern (β = 0.028; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.003 to 0.05). Depressive symptoms and delirium episodes increased the expression of the psychiatric diseases pattern (β = 0.130, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.17, and β 0.130, CI 0.10 to 0.17, respectively), while showed a lower expression of the heart diseases pattern.

Discussion

We identified different comorbidity patterns within NH residents with dementia that differ in term of clinical and functional profiles. The prompt recognition of health needs associated to a comorbidity pattern may help improve long‐term prognosis and quality of life of these individuals.

Highlights

Defining dementia comorbidities patterns in institutionalized older adults is key.

Institutionalized older adults with dementia express different care needs.

Comorbidity patterns are instrumental to identify different patients’ phenotypes.

Phenotypes vary in terms of health trajectories and demand different care plans.

Prompt recognition of phenotypes in nursing homes can positively impact on outcomes.
A feces‐filled non‐inverted ileal pseudodiverticulum presenting as a pedunculated polyp successfully treated by traction‐assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Inada Taisuke , Sumida Yorinobu , Ihara Eikichi , Yoshitake Chikako , Ohkubo Akito , Tomoeda Naru , Hamada Shohei , Iboshi Yoichiro , Nakamuta Makoto , Harada Naohiko
Published: June 2022

A 68‐year‐old man was referred to our hospital for endoscopic treatment of colon polyps detected at a local clinic. Colonoscopy revealed not only classical adenomatous polyps in the transverse and sigmoid colon but also an atypical pedunculated polyp in the terminal ileum with the head of the lesion moving back and forth through the ileocecal valve. Based on the endoscopic findings, the pedunculated polyp was diagnosed as a non‐epithelial tumor of the ileum. However, traction‐assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed because of the high risk of intestinal intussusception or obstruction. Histopathological analysis of the resected specimen revealed that the pedunculated polyp was a non‐inverted ileal pseudodiverticulum filled with feces. We report the first case of a feces‐filled non‐inverted pseudodiverticulum presenting as a pedunculated polyp successfully treated by traction‐assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection.
Flexible Organic Photovoltaics with Star‐Shaped Nonfullerene Acceptors End Capped with Indene Malononitrile and Barbiturate Derivatives
Authors: Al-Anesi Basheer , Revoju Srikanth , Hiltunen Arto , Suhonen Riikka , Kraft Thomas M. , Liu Maning , Zhang Haichang , Deng Zhifeng , Fedele Chiara , Berdin Alex , Lamminen Noora , Grandhi G. Krishnamurthy , Ylikunnari Mari , Vivo Paola
Published: June 2022

The design and synthesis of three star‐shaped nonfullerene (NFA) acceptors, TPA‐2T‐INCN, TPA‐2T‐BAB, and TPA‐T‐INCN, based on a triphenylamine (TPA) core and linked through π‐conjugated thiophene (T) spacers to different terminal units (3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1‐ylidene) malononitrile, INCN, and 1,3‐dimethylbarbituric acid, BAB), are reported. These materials are blended with the widely used poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) (P3HT) donor polymer and tested in flexible organic photovoltaics (OPVs). The NFAs capped with the strong electron‐withdrawing INCN unit perform best in OPVs. Both P3HT:TPA‐T‐INCN and P3HT:TPA‐2T‐INCN blends also show the highest photoluminescence quenching efficiency (95.8% and 92.6%, respectively). Surprisingly, when reducing the number of T spacers from 2 to 1, the solubility of the NFAs in o‐dichlorobenzene increases, leading to easier processing during the OPV fabrication and better surface morphology. This explains the best performance of TPA‐T‐INCN‐based blends in OPVs, with a champion power conversion efficiency of 1.13%.