bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Live Streams on Twitch Help Viewers Cope With Difficult Periods in Life
Authors: de Wit Jan , van der Kraan Alicia , Theeuwes Joep
Published: November 2020

Live streaming platforms such as Twitch that facilitate participatory online communities have become an integral part of game culture. Users of these platforms are predominantly teenagers and young adults, who increasingly spend time socializing online rather than offline. This shift to online behavior can be a double-edged sword when coping with difficult periods in life such as relationship issues, the death of a loved one, or job loss. On the one hand, platforms such as Twitch offer pleasure, distraction, and relatedness with others to help with coping, and the increased sense of anonymity and control could stimulate self-disclosure. However, the prevalence of trolling and memes may also discourage people from opening up, and relationships that are built online—especially those with microcelebrity streamers—could be perceived as more meaningful than they actually are. To create a deeper understanding of Twitch as a new media platform embedded in game culture, and how users perceive its potential as a coping mechanism, we have conducted a first exploration by means of a survey. The questions focused on general Twitch behavior, the difficult period in life, and the role of Twitch during this period. It was distributed online among people who considered themselves active Twitch users, and who had gone through a difficult period. Eighty-four participants completed the entire survey. The majority of participants indicated that Twitch helped them cope, and that it became a larger part of their lives during the difficult period compared to regular viewing. Recurring themes were the entertainment, distraction, and sense of community Twitch offers. Viewing behavior during difficult periods appears to remain largely the same in terms of the streamers that are watched, although time spent viewing increases, and there is a change toward more time spent actively watching rather than having the stream on in the background. With this work, we aim to create a deeper understanding of Twitch as a platform, and its importance for gamers that are going through difficult periods in life.
Reducing False Recognition in the Deese-Roediger/McDermott Paradigm: Related Lures Reveal How Distinctive Encoding Improves Encoding and Monitoring Processes
Authors: Huff Mark J. , Bodner Glen E. , Gretz Matthew R.
Published: November 2020

In the Deese-Roediger/McDermott (DRM) paradigm, distinctive encoding of list items typically reduces false recognition of critical lures relative to a read-only control. This reduction can be due to enhanced item-specific processing, reduced relational processing, and/or increased test-based monitoring. However, it is unclear whether distinctive encoding reduces false recognition in a selective or global manner. To examine this question, participants studied DRM lists using a distinctive item-specific anagram generation task and then completed a recognition test which included both DRM critical lures and either strongly related lures (Experiment 1) or weakly related lures (Experiment 2). Compared to a read-control group, the generate groups showed increased correct recognition and decreased false recognition of all lure types. We then estimated the separate contributions of encoding and retrieval processes using signal-detection indices. Generation improved correct recognition by both increasing encoding of memory information for list words and by increasing memory monitoring at test. Generation reduced false recognition by reducing the encoding of memory information and by increasing memory monitoring at test. The reduction in false recognition was equivalent for critical lures and related lures, indicating that generation globally reduces the encoding of related non-presented items at study (not just critical lures), while globally increasing list-theme-based monitoring at test.
Absence of Excess Intra-Individual Variability in Retinal Function in People With Schizophrenia
Authors: Fradkin Samantha I. , Erickson Molly A. , Demmin Docia L. , Silverstein Steven M.
Published: November 2020

People with schizophrenia exhibit increased intra-individual variability in both behavioral and neural signatures of cognition. Examination of intra-individual variability may uncover a unique functionally relevant aspect of impairment that is not captured by typical between-group comparisons of mean or median values. We and others have observed that retinal activity measured using electroretinography (ERG) is significantly reduced in people with schizophrenia; however, it is currently unclear whether greater intra-individual variability in the retinal response can also be observed. To investigate this, we examined intra-individual variability from 25 individuals with schizophrenia and 24 healthy controls under two fERG conditions: (1) a light-adapted condition in which schizophrenia patients demonstrated reduced amplitudes; and (2) a dark-adapted condition in which the groups did not differ in amplitudes. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were generated to measure intra-individual variability for each subject, reflecting the consistency of activation values (in μv) across all sampling points (at a 2 kHz sampling rate) within all trials within a condition. Contrary to our predictions, results indicated that the schizophrenia and healthy control groups did not differ in intra-individual variability in fERG responses in either the light- or dark-adapted conditions. This finding remained consistent when variability was calculated as the standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) of maximum positive and negative microvolt values within the a- and b-wave time windows. This suggests that although elevated variability in schizophrenia may be observed at perceptual and cognitive levels of processing, it is not present in the earliest stages of sensory processing in vision.
The Mediating Role of Resilience and Self-Esteem Between Life Events and Coping Styles Among Rural Left-Behind Adolescents in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Juan , Chen Yi-ping , Zhang Jie , Lv Meng-meng , Välimäki Maritta , Li Yi-fei , Yang Si-lan , Tao Ying-xiang , Ye Bi-yun , Tan Chu-xia , Zhang Jing-ping
Published: November 2020

Objective: This study aims to explore the association between life events and coping styles, and how resilience and self-esteem mediate the association.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 981 left-behind adolescents (LBAs) in five junior high schools in Hunan Province, China, from April 13 to April 20, 2020. We utilized self-designed sociodemographic questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, Resilience Scale Chinese Adolescent, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire to assess the mental health of LBAs. Statistic description, Pearson correlation analysis, and structural equation model were adopted to analyze the data.

Results: Results revealed that life events could negatively predict resilience (β = −0.29, P < 0.001) and self-esteem (β = −0.39, P < 0.001) and positively predict LBAs' positive coping style (β = 0.28, P < 0.001) and negative coping style (β = 0.21, P < 0.001). Self-esteem could also positively predict the resilience of LBAs (β = 0.62, P < 0.001); resilience could negatively predict the negative coping style (β = −0.21, P < 0.001) and positively predict the positive coping style (β = 0.79, P < 0.001). Life events not only have direct effects on negative coping style (β = 0.21) and positive coping style (β = 0.28) but also have indirect effects on coping styles by affecting resilience (β = −0.29) and self-esteem (β = −0.39). The total effect of life events on coping styles was 0.32, where 34.37% was mediated by resilience and self-esteem.

Conclusion: We proved that resilience and self-esteem mediated most of the effects of life events on coping styles. The findings had important implications for interventions to promote mental health of LBAs, particularly the enhancement of resilience and self-esteem.
Design and Evaluation of a Virtual Restorative Walk With Room-Scale Virtual Reality and Impossible Spaces
Authors: Rockstroh Christoph , Blum Johannes , Hardt Véronique , Göritz Anja S.
Published: November 2020

Nature walks are an effective and popular means to replenish fatigued mental resources. Alas, nature walks are not always accessible due to a lack of time or limited availability. We report on the design and pilot test of a room-scale virtual reality (VR) application that makes use of actual walking and impossible spaces to simulate dynamic restorative walks. We conducted a randomized controlled experiment in VR using a between-subjects design. Thirty-one participants went for an 8-min virtual walk either in a fixed virtual restorative environment (control condition) or in the proposed dynamic virtual restorative environment (treatment condition). The treatment condition with the proposed room-scale approach yielded increased user involvement, higher present moment awareness, increased perceived restorativeness of the experience, better subjective restoration, and an improved positive affect. Behavioral analysis showed that the proposed approach led to a reduced walking speed over the course of the walking exercise. The results suggest that room-scale VR in conjunction with virtual restorative environments and impossible spaces can be used to create sophisticated virtual restorative walks in confined spaces. Future research and development are needed to further establish the effects, to identify moderating and mediating factors and to investigate such VR applications in relevant real-world contexts.
Extending Fibre Nonlinear Interference Power Modelling to Account for General Dual-Polarisation 4D Modulation Formats
Authors: Liga Gabriele , Barreiro Astrid , Rabbani Hami , Alvarado Alex
Published: November 2020

In optical communications, four-dimensional (4D) modulation formats encode information onto the quadrature components of two arbitrary orthogonal states of polarisation of the optical field. Many analytical models available in the optical communication literature allow, within a first-order perturbation framework, the computation of the average power of the nonlinear interference (NLI) accumulated in coherent fibre-optic transmission systems. However, all such models only operate under the assumption of transmitted polarisation-multiplexed two-dimensional (PM-2D) modulation formats, which only represent a limited subset of the possible dual-polarisation 4D (DP-4D) formats. Namely, only those where data transmitted on each polarisation channel are mutually independent and identically distributed. This paper presents a step-by-step mathematical derivation of the extension of existing NLI models to the class of arbitrary DP-4D modulation formats. In particular, the methodology adopted follows the one of the popular enhanced Gaussian noise model, albeit dropping most assumptions on the geometry and statistic of the transmitted 4D modulation format. The resulting expressions show that, whilst in the PM-2D case the NLI power depends only on different statistical high-order moments of each polarisation component, for a general DP-4D constellation, several other cross-polarisation correlations also need to be taken into account.
Cooling and Mechanical Performance Analysis of a Trapezoidal Thermoelectric Cooler with Variable Cross-Section
Authors: Lu Tianbo , Li Yuqiang , Zhang Jianxin , Ning Pingfan , Niu Pingjuan
Published: November 2020

In this study, a full-scale three-dimensional trapezoidal thermoelectric cooler model is constructed to study its cooling performance and mechanical reliability using finite element simulation. Temperature dependent material properties are considered in this work. The boundary conditions similar to those in a real experimental environment are applied. The effects of the input electrical current and geometry of the thermoelectric leg on the cooling performance and reliability of a trapezoidal thermoelectric cooler are analyzed, and a comparison is made with a rectangular thermoelectric cooler. The results indicate that increasing the leg height and the variable cross-sectional design of the leg can improve the cooling performance of the trapezoidal thermoelectric cooler. Compared to the original rectangular thermoelectric cooler, the minimum chip temperature was reduced by 0.87% under the trapezoidal thermoelectric cooler with optimized geometry. Furthermore, increasing the leg height enhances the mechanical reliability of the trapezoidal thermoelectric cooler, while the trapezoidal design of the leg reduces its mechanical reliability. The maximum von Mises stress of the leg for the trapezoidal thermoelectric cooler with optimal cooling performance increased by 40.1%. The results of this work provide useful guidance for the structural design of trapezoidal thermoelectric coolers.
BESS Deployment Strategy in Jeju Carbon-Free Islands for Reducing Renewable Energy Curtailment
Authors: Lee Changgun , Im Seunghyuk , Jung Jaeyeop , Lee Byongjun
Published: November 2020

Renewable energy curtailment often occurs to accommodate large amounts of renewable energy sources in power systems while maintaining system stability and reliability. Widely known methods, such as new transmission line construction, the introduction of demand-side resources, and the reduction of conventional generator output, can minimize the occurrence of curtailment; however, there are difficulties in introducing them because of social and economic problems. For these problems, the Jeju power system adopted a battery energy storage system (BESS) resource to mitigate the curtailment and secure frequency stability with the high penetration of renewable energy. The small-size Jeju island power system is operated with reliability must-run (RMR) units and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) lines connected to the mainland. Since the number of RMR units contributes to frequency stability by providing inertia, reducing the number of operating units for curtailment mitigation is difficult. Therefore, in this paper, based on the current “Carbon-Free island” policy and operation plan of the Jeju power system, we proposed a BESS for reducing the number of RMR units, observe the effect of reducing curtailment using the BESS, and suggest a practical operation plan to reduce the number of RMR units under conditions that secure frequency stability.
The Importance of AGO 1 and 4 in Post-Transcriptional Gene Regulatory Function of tRF5-GluCTC, an Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Induced tRNA-Derived RNA Fragment
Authors: Choi Eun-Jin , Ren Junping , Zhang Ke , Wu Wenzhe , Lee Yong Sun , Lee Inhan , Bao Xiaoyong
Published: November 2020

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants, the elderly, and immune-compromised patients. It is also a significant contributor to upper respiratory tract infection in the pediatric population. However, its disease mechanisms are still largely unknown. We have recently shown that a tRNA-derived RNA fragment (tRF) from the 5′-end of mature tRNA encoding GluCTC (tRF5-GluCTC), a recently discovered non-coding RNA, is functionally important for RSV replication and host gene regulation at the post-transcriptional level. However, how tRF5-GluCTC carries out the gene regulation is not fully known. In this study, we found that tRF5-GluCTC has impaired gene trans-silencing function in cells deficient of AGO1 or 4, while AGO2 and 3 seem not involved in tRF5-GluCTC-mediated gene regulation. By pulling down individual AGO protein, we discovered that tRF5-GluCTC is detectable only in the AGO4 complex, confirming the essential role of AGO4 in gene regulation and also suggesting that AGO1 contributes to the gene trans-silencing activity of tRF5-GluCTC in an atypical way. We also found that the P protein of RSV is associated with both AGO1 and 4 and AGO4 deficiency leads to reduced infectious viral particles. In summary, this study demonstrates the importance of AGO1 and 4 in mediating the gene trans-silencing function of tRF5-GluCTC.
Biosynthesis of N-Docosahexanoylethanolamine from Unesterified Docosahexaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoyl-Lysophosphatidylcholine in Neuronal Cells
Authors: Kevala Karl , Lagarde Michel , Spector Arthur A. , Kim Hee-Yong
Published: November 2020

We investigated the synthesis of N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine (synaptamide) in neuronal cells from unesterified docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or DHA-lysophosphatidylcholine (DHA-lysoPC), the two major lipid forms that deliver DHA to the brain, in order to understand the formation of this neurotrophic and neuroprotective metabolite of DHA in the brain. Both substrates were taken up in Neuro2A cells and metabolized to N-docosahexaenoylphosphatidylethanolamine (NDoPE) and synaptamide in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, but unesterified DHA was 1.5 to 2.4 times more effective than DHA-lysoPC at equimolar concentrations. The plasmalogen NDoPE (pNDoPE) amounted more than 80% of NDoPE produced from DHA or DHA-lysoPC, with 16-carbon-pNDoPE being the most abundant species. Inhibition of N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) by hexachlorophene or bithionol significantly decreased the synaptamide production, indicating that synaptamide synthesis is mediated at least in part via NDoPE hydrolysis. NDoPE formation occurred much more rapidly than synaptamide production, indicating a precursor–product relationship. Although NDoPE is an intermediate for synaptamide biosynthesis, only about 1% of newly synthesized NDoPE was converted to synaptamide, possibly suggesting additional biological function of NDoPE, particularly for pNDoPE, which is the major form of NDoPE produced.
Nanomechanics in Monitoring the Effectiveness of Drugs Targeting the Cancer Cell Cytoskeleton
Authors: Kubiak Andrzej , Zieliński Tomasz , Pabijan Joanna , Lekka Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

Increasing attention is devoted to the use of nanomechanics as a marker of various pathologies. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the techniques that could be applied to quantify the nanomechanical properties of living cells with a high spatial resolution. Thus, AFM offers the possibility to trace changes in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton in living cells. Impairments in the structure, organization, and functioning of two main cytoskeletal components, namely, actin filaments and microtubules, cause severe effects, leading to cell death. That is why these cytoskeletal components are targets for antitumor therapy. This review intends to describe the gathered knowledge on the capability of AFM to trace the alterations in the nanomechanical properties of living cells induced by the action of antitumor drugs that could translate into their effectiveness.
The Immune Functions of Keratinocytes in Skin Wound Healing
Authors: Piipponen Minna , Li Dongqing , Landén Ning Xu
Published: November 2020

As the most dominant cell type in the skin, keratinocytes play critical roles in wound repair not only as structural cells but also exerting important immune functions. This review focuses on the communications between keratinocytes and immune cells in wound healing, which are mediated by various cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles. Keratinocytes can also directly interact with T cells via antigen presentation. Moreover, keratinocytes produce antimicrobial peptides that can directly kill the invading pathogens and contribute to wound repair in many aspects. We also reviewed the epigenetic mechanisms known to regulate keratinocyte immune functions, including histone modifications, non-protein-coding RNAs (e.g., microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs), and chromatin dynamics. Lastly, we summarized the current evidence on the dysregulated immune functions of keratinocytes in chronic nonhealing wounds. Based on their crucial immune functions in skin wound healing, we propose that keratinocytes significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic wound inflammation. We hope this review will trigger an interest in investigating the immune roles of keratinocytes in chronic wound pathology, which may open up new avenues for developing innovative wound treatments.
Carvedilol, an Adrenergic Blocker, Suppresses Melanin Synthesis by Inhibiting the cAMP/CREB Signaling Pathway in Human Melanocytes and Ex Vivo Human Skin Culture
Authors: Choi Myoung Eun , Yoo Hanju , Lee Ha-Ri , Moon Ik Joon , Lee Woo Jin , Song Youngsup , Chang Sung Eun
Published: November 2020

Catecholamines function via G protein-coupled receptors, triggering an increase in intracellular levels of 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in various cells. Catecholamine biosynthesis and the β-adrenergic receptor exist in melanocytes; thus, catecholamines may play critical roles in skin pigmentation. However, their action and mechanisms mediating melanogenesis in human skin have not yet been investigated. Therefore, we examined the potential anti-melanogenetic effect of carvedilol, a nonselective β-blocker with weak α1-blocking activities. Carvedilol reduced melanin content and cellular tyrosinase activity without compromising cellular viability in normal human melanocytes as well as in mel-Ab immortalized mouse melanocytes. Carvedilol downregulated microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2. Carvedilol treatment led to the downregulation of phosphor-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). Moreover, the increase in cAMP levels upon treatment with forskolin reversed the anti-melanogenic action of carvedilol. In addition, carvedilol remarkably reduced the melanin index in ultraviolet-irradiated human skin cultures. Taken together, our results indicate that carvedilol effectively suppresses melanogenesis in human melanocytes and ex vivo human skin by inhibiting cAMP/protein kinase A/CREB signaling. The anti-melanogenic effects of carvedilol have potential significance for skin whitening agents.
Halophila Balfourii Solereder (Hydrocharitaceae)—An Overlooked Seagrass Species
Authors: Kuo John
Published: November 2020

Halophila balfourii Solereder has long been treated as a synonym of Halophila stipulacea (Forrsk.) Asch., although it was named more than a century ago. Microscopic (optical microscope and scanning electron microscope) studies on all available herbarium materials of these two species have reconfirmed that the unique papillose leaf epidermis is only presented in H. balfourii but not in H. stipulacea. The pattern of seed testa reticulate is significantly different between these two species. Furthermore, H. balfourii is predominately restricted to the Rodriguez and Mauritius Islands while membranous leafed H. stipulacea is widely distributed in the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea as well as East Africa coasts. Based on distinctive characteristics of the leaf and seed coat, and its geographic distribution, it is recommended to reinstate H. balfourii as an independent species and not as a synonym of H. stipulacea.
Polycarbonate mPOF-Based Mach–Zehnder Interferometer for Temperature and Strain Measurement
Authors: Yue Xiaoyu , Chen Haijin , Qu Hang , Min Rui , Woyessa Getinet , Bang Ole , Hu Xuehao
Published: November 2020

In this paper, an endlessly single mode microstructured polymer optical fiber (mPOF) in a Mach–Zehnder (M–Z) interferometer configuration is demonstrated for temperature and strain measurement. Because there is no commercial splicer applied for POF-silica optical fiber (SOF) connectorization, prior to the M–Z interferometric sensing, we introduce an imaging projecting method to align a polycarbonate mPOF to a SOF and then the splice is cured permanently using ultraviolet (UV) glue. A He-Ne laser beam at 632.8 nm coupled in a SOF is divided by a 1 × 2 fiber coupler to propagate in two fiber arms. A piece of mPOF is inserted in one arm for sensing implementation and the interference fringes are monitored by a camera. For non-annealed fiber, the temperature sensitivity is found to be 25.5 fringes/°C for increasing temperature and 20.6 fringes/°C for decreasing temperature. The converted sensitivity per unit length is 135.6 fringes/°C/m for increasing temperature, which is twice as much as the silica fiber, or 852.2 rad/°C/m (optical phase change versus fiber temperature), which is more than four times as much as that for the PMMA fiber. To solve the sensitivity disagreement, the fiber was annealed at 125 °C for 36 h. Just after the thermal treatment, the temperature measurement was conducted with sensitivities of 16.8 fringes/°C and 21.3 fringes/°C for increasing and decreasing process, respectively. One month after annealing, the linear response was improved showing a temperature sensitivity of ~20.7 fringes/°C in forward and reverse temperature measurement. For the strain measurement based on non-annealed fiber, the sensitivity was found to be ~1463 fringes/%ε showing repeatable linear response for forward and reverse strain. The fiber axial force sensitivity was calculated to be ~2886 fringes/N, showing a force measurement resolution of ~3.47 × 10−4 N. The sensing methodology adopted in this work shows several advantages, such as very low cost, high sensitivity, a straightforward sensing mechanism, and ease of fabrication.
Visual Leakage Inspection in Chemical Process Plants Using Thermographic Videos and Motion Pattern Detection
Authors: Fahimipirehgalin Mina , Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Trunzer Emanuel , Odenweller Matthias
Published: November 2020

Liquid leakage from pipelines is a critical issue in large-scale chemical process plants since it can affect the normal operation of the plant and pose unsafe and hazardous situations. Therefore, leakage detection in the early stages can prevent serious damage. Developing a vision-based inspection system by means of IR imaging can be a promising approach for accurate leakage detection. IR cameras can capture the effect of leaking drops if they have higher (or lower) temperature than their surroundings. Since the leaking drops can be observed in an IR video as a repetitive phenomenon with specific patterns, motion pattern detection methods can be utilized for leakage detection. In this paper, an approach based on the Kalman filter is proposed to track the motion of leaking drops and differentiate them from noise. The motion patterns are learned from the training data and applied to the test data to evaluate the accuracy of the method. For this purpose, a laboratory demonstrator plant is assembled to simulate the leakages from pipelines, and to generate training and test videos. The results show that the proposed method can detect the leaking drops by tracking them based on obtained motion patterns. Furthermore, the possibilities and conditions for applying the proposed method in a real industrial chemical plant are discussed at the end.
Quantitative X-ray Channel-Cut Crystal Diffraction Wavefront Metrology Using the Speckle Scanning Technique
Authors: Xue Lian , Luo Hongxin , Diao Qianshun , Yang Fugui , Wang Jie , Li Zhongliang
Published: November 2020

A speckle-based method for the X-ray crystal diffraction wavefront measurement is implemented, and the slope errors of channel-cut crystals with different surface characteristics are measured. The method uses a speckle scanning technique generated by a scattering membrane translated using a piezo motor to infer the deflection of X-rays from the crystals. The method provides a high angular sensitivity of the channel-cut crystal slopes in both the tangential and sagittal directions. The experimental results show that the slope error of different cutting and etching processes ranges from 0.25 to 2.98 μrad. Furthermore, the results of wavefront deformation are brought into the beamline for simulation. This method opens up possibilities for new high-resolution applications for X-ray crystal diffraction wavefront measurement and provides feedback to crystal manufacturers to improve channel-cut fabrication.
Development and Characterization of a Low-Cost Sensors System for an Acoustic Test Bench
Authors: Moreno-Ramírez Ciro , Iniesta Carmen , González Alejandro , Olazagoitia José Luis
Published: November 2020

Existing acoustic test benches are usually costly devices based on proprietary designs, sensors, and acquisition devices. In this paper, a low-cost test bench for acoustic purposes is introduced. The design of the test bench takes into account not only the low-cost mechanical design, but also uses low-cost sensors and control boards. This test bench has been designed for a range of signals compatible with those used by thermoacoustic engines, but it can be useful for applications with similar requirements. Taking advantage of an auxiliary pressure reference, low-cost unidirectional differential pressure sensors can be used to significantly increase the accuracy of the sampling system. The acoustic and mechanical design and development are presented along with the sampling system and the sensors arrangement implemented. Both the sensor and sampling system are evaluated by comparison with a high-fidelity sound acquisition system. An unexpected effect on the time error values distribution of the low-cost acquisition system is found and described. Finally, the errors introduced by the system and the sensors in terms of time and pressure sampling are characterized. As a result, the low-cost system’s accuracy has been satisfactory assessed and validated for the conditions expected in thermoacoustic experiments in terms of frequency and dynamic pressure.
Interplay between Hepatitis D Virus and the Interferon Response
Authors: Zhang Zhenfeng , Urban Stephan
Published: November 2020

Chronic hepatitis D (CHD) is the most severe form of viral hepatitis, with rapid progression of liver-related diseases and high rates of development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The causative agent, hepatitis D virus (HDV), contains a small (approximately 1.7 kb) highly self-pairing single-strand circular RNA genome that assembles with the HDV antigen to form a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. HDV depends on hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope proteins for envelopment and de novo hepatocyte entry; however, its intracellular RNA replication is autonomous. In addition, HDV can amplify HBV independently through cell division. Cellular innate immune responses, mainly interferon (IFN) response, are crucial for controlling invading viruses, while viruses counteract these responses to favor their propagation. In contrast to HBV, HDV activates profound IFN response through the melanoma differentiation antigen 5 (MDA5) pathway. This cellular response efficiently suppresses cell-division-mediated HDV spread and, to some extent, early stages of HDV de novo infection, but only marginally impairs RNA replication in resting hepatocytes. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on HDV structure, replication, and persistence and subsequently focus on the interplay between HDV and IFN response, including IFN activation, sensing, antiviral effects, and viral countermeasures. Finally, we discuss crosstalk with HBV.
SISTEM PENERIMAAN CALON MAHASISWA BARU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI LOGIKA FUZZY PADA MATLAB TOOLBOX
Authors: Wulandari Aisyah Ayu , Yusuf Miftakhudin , Utami Vi Bauty Riska , Permana Yoga Adi
Published: November 2020

Pada era saat ini Pendidikan menjadi suatu hal yang sangat penting salah satunya perguruan tinggi. Pada perguruan tinggi untuk bisa masuk di salah satu perguruan tinggi terdapat suatu proses di dalamnya yang berisi serangkaian kegiatan mulai dari pendaftaran, seleksi berdasarkan standar yang dibuat dan pernerimaan. Pada proses tersebut untuk memudahkan suatu proses dalam menentukan calon mahasiswa baru yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan memerlukan proses dan pertimbangan yang Panjang untuk itu diperlukan suatu sistem untuk mempermudah proses seleksi. Logika fuzzy merupakan suatu metodologi sistem kontrol pemecahan masalah yang dapat diimplementasikan pada sistem. Penerapan pemodelan sistem penerimaan calon mahasiswa baru jalur mandiri dengan menggunakan aplikasi logika fuzzy. Pemodelan ini digunakan sebagai sebuah sistem untuk menyelesaikan atau menyederhanakan suatu masalah. Dalam membuat suatu pemodelan sistem diperlukan sebuah metode seperti metode Mamdani. Metode Mamdani sering dikenal dengan metode max min. Pada metode Mamdani terdapet beberapa tahapan yaitu menentukan himpunan fuzzy, amplikasi fungsi implikasi, komposisi aturan dan defuzzikasi. Pada pemodelan ini menggunakan himpunan fuzzy dari variabel Test Potensi Skolastik (TPS) dan Tes Kompetensi Akademik (TKA). Besaran nilai dari kedua variabel tersebut sangat berpengaruh pada hasil output yang menentukan calon mahasiswa baru tersebut apakah diterima, dipertimbangkan atau ditolak. Dari pemodelan sistem ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan membuat sebuah pemodelan sistem ini dapat mempermudah dan mempersingkat proses seleksi calon mahasiswa baru hanya dengan mengisi nilai input pada pemodelan sistem tersebut dan akan mendapat hasil yang pasti.

Kata Kunci: Fuzzy, Mahasiswa, Mamdani
MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN JENIS-JENIS KAKTUS DENGAN PENERAPAN MARKER BASED TRACKING AUGMENTED REALITY
Authors: Ashadul Ushud Achmad Aditya
Published: November 2020

Kaktus dikenal sebagai tanaman berduri yang hidup pada kondisi sedikit air karena kaktus dapat menyimpan air pada batangnya. Kebanyakan orang mengenal kaktus sebagai tumbuhan berduri, padahal tidak semua kaktus mempunyai duri. Hal ini karena banyak orang tidak mengenal jenis-jenis kaktus. Apalagi saat ini kaktus banyak dijadikan tanaman hias. Karena ada beberapa jenis kaktus memiliki bentuk yang indah, selain itu kaktus juga dikenal mudah dirawat karena tidak perlu sering-sering disiram. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal dan mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis kaktus yang ada di dunia ini melalui media pembelajaran interaktif yang mudah dilakukan, yaitu Augmented Reality. Selama ini kaktus banyak dikenalkan hanya melalui buku, gambar atau foto. Sementara untuk menghadirkan kaktus sendiri merupakan hal yang sulit. Apalagi untuk sebagian jenis kaktus yang hidup di daerah tertentu dan termasuk langka. Sehingga untuk mengenali kaktus secara detail dirasakan sulit dilakukan. Melalui teknologi Augmented Reality dengan metode Marker Based Tracking dalam bentuk aplikasi pada handphone Android ini, diharapkan dapat membantu dalam proses pembelajaran jenis-jenis kaktus menjadi lebih mudah. Pengguna dapat mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis kaktus melalui layar handphone.

Kata Kunci: Augmented Reality, Marker Based Tracking, Kaktus, Android
IMPLEMENTASI UNDANG-UNDANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSASKSI ELEKTRONIK DALAM RANGKA MENCEGAH DAN MENANGGULANGI KAMPANYE HITAM (BLACK CAMPAIGN) TERKAIT PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH SERENTAK 2018
Authors: Pane Musa Darwin
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penegakan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik dalam menanggulangi kampanye hitam dengan metode penelitian yuridis normatif yang bertitik tolak dari norma-norma, asas-asas dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada sebagai norma hukum positif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik dalam permasalahan kampanye hitam dianataranya hak bersesuaian dengan Pasal yang tertuang dalam Undang-undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (ITE) diantaranya yaitu Pasal 27 ayat (3) juncto Pasal 45 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik serta Pasal 28 ayat (2) juncto Pasal 45A ayat (2) Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Bahwa menurut penelitian ini Kampanye hitam dimaknai sebagai usaha untuk mengisi jabatan tertentu, terutama jabatan publik dengan cara-cara yang tidak sehat, seperti penyebaran berita bohong (hoax), adu domba, penghinaan dan fitnah. Kampanye hitam sangat jelas telah melanggar hukum dan etika dalam berkampanye, selain itu penggunaan kampanye hitam dalam media sosial dirasakan sangat efektif untuk menjatuhkan lawan politik sehingga dalam pilkada peggunaan kampanye hitam telah melanggar asas fairplay/keadilan.

Kata kunci: Kampanye Hitam, Undang-undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik
PRIORITAS PERBAIKAN PELAYANAN TRANSPORTASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE SERVQUAL
Authors: Andriana Anna Dara , Handi Rizky
Published: November 2020

PT. Tunggal Jaya Tansport adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang layanan transportasi yang memiliki 2 macam layanan yakni, penyewaan bus dan travel bus. Seiring dengan berkembangnya dan merebaknya jasa layanan transportasi, perusahaan kesulitan dalam mempertahankan pelanggannya disebabkan perusahaan tidak dapat mengetahui apa yang harus diperbaiki dalam layanan yang mereka tawarkan kepada pelanggan. Hal ini dapat kita atasi dengan melakukan analisis penilaian pelayanan dan prioritas perbaikan yang dapat dilakukan oleh perusahaan sehingga dapat mempertahankan daya saingnya. Penilaian pelayanan dan perbaikan pelayanan yang dilakukan menggunakan metode servqual yakni sebuah metode yang mengukur kualitas sebuah layanan menggunakan lima dimensi, yakni keandalan, daya tanggap, jaminan, empati dan bukti fisik, sehingga memperoleh perbedaan atau gap nilai yang dapat dianalisis selanjutnya. Didalam setiap dimensi akan diturunkan kembali menjadi variable variable yang memenuhi dan berkaitan dengan apa yang dilakukan perusahaan. Setiap variable akan dihitung nilai persepsi dan nilai harapan sehingga didapatkan nilai gap. Nilai gap ini akan memperlihatkan prioritas pelayanan yang harus segera diperbaiki oleh perusahaan. Dari hasil pengolahan analisis data menggunakan metode servqual dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa variable V2 yakni perbaikan kendaraan bus memiliki nilai gap tertinggi, artinya perusahaan dapat memprioritaskan perbaikan dalam pelayanan bus ini, agar perusahaan tetap memiliki nilai daya saing yang tinggi.

Kata Kunci: Customer relationship management, pelayanan, servqual
Correlação entre disfunção temporomandibular e redução de dimensão vertical de oclusão em usuários de prótese total
Authors: Gonçalves Carvalho Souza Vívian , Moreira Lima Camila , De Oliveira Souza Nataska , Dias Martins Jordana , Almeida de Melo Laércio , Pessôa Pereira Leite Fabíola
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) representa uma das principais causas de dor na região orofacial. A dimensão vertical de oclusão (DVO) refere-se à posição vertical da mandíbula em relação à maxila e seu restabelecimento correto é essencial nas reabilitações protéticas, pois variações deste parâmetro podem influenciar negativamente os quadros de DTM. Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de disfunção temporomandibular em pacientes portadores de prótese total e sua possível associação com a redução de dimensão vertical de oclusão. Material e Métodos: A amostra foi composta de 31 pacientes voluntários, com idades entre 42 e 87 anos, de ambos os sexos, sendo portadores de prótese total, atendidos na Clínica de Prótese Total Removível da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. A análise da redução de DVO foi realizada através dos testes métrico, estético e fonético e o diagnóstico de DTM foi estabelecido a partir do Eixo I do RDC/TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders). Os dados foram tabulados e submetidos à análise estatística descritiva no programa pelo SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) versão 15.0 para Windows. Para comparação das variáveis categóricas entre os grupos de DTM ​ foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado com nível de significância admitido de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: De acordo com a análise, 71% dos indivíduos relataram sintomas de DTM e a maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino. Embora não houve relação estatisticamente significativa entre a perda de DVO e a presença de DTM, houve uma correlação entre o relato de dor e a presença da patologia (p<0,001). Conclusão: Diante dos resultados obtidos e da metodologia aplicada, concluiu-se que houve uma considerável prevalência de DTM em pacientes usuários de prótese total (71%), mas ao associar DTM com a redução de dimensão vertical de oclusão, não houve significância estatística (p>0,05).
Prevalência de perda auditiva, e fatores associados, em pacientes com doença renal crônica em tratamento conservador
Authors: Assis Espindula Mota Monik , Otávio do Amaral Corrêa Jose , Erothildes Ferreira Renato , Rodrigues Mendes Moraes Matheus , Parisi Marlière Bruno , Antonio Basile Colugnati Fernando
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A perda auditiva (PA) é uma condição cada vez mais observada na população. É encontrada com maior frequência em alguns grupos específicos como em idosos, portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica e diabetes mellitus. Evidências sugerem aumento da prevalência de PA em pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC), entretanto estudos na população brasileira com DRC pré-dialítica são escassos. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de perda auditiva em uma população de pacientes com doença renal crônica não dialítica e fatores associados. Material e métodos: Foi utilizada uma amostra por conveniência de pacientes com DRC não dialítica (n=159), com idade de 18 a 65 anos, em tratamento ambulatorial multidisciplinar. A acuidade auditiva foi avaliada pela audiometria tonal limiar e pelo questionário da WHO (Ear and Hearing Disorders Survey Protocol for a Population-Based Survey of Prevalence and Causes of Deafness and Hearing Impairment and other Ear Diseases) traduzido e validado para o português. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, realizada ainda otoscopia, e dosagem de marcadores bioquímicos e citocinas inflamatórias TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17. Resultados: Nas análises, verificou-se a prevalência de 25,16% de perda auditiva neurossensorial entre os participantes. No estudo, não foi encontrada nenhuma associação entre a progressão dos estágios da DRC e o aumento de prevalência da PA, tampouco com a sua gravidade. Os marcadores sanguíneos avaliados, isoladamente ou associados à progressão do estágio da DRC, não se relacionaram à perda auditiva neurossensorial. Conclusões: Verifica-se que a prevalência de déficit auditivo na população estudada foi de 25,16%. Aconselha-se que estratégias sejam implementadas para prevenção e reversão dessa situação nesta população.
Distomolar fusionado a terceiro molar superior incluso: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Pinto Resende Maraísa Aparecida , De Almeida Francisquini Isabella , Souza Picorelli Assis Neuza Maria , Salles Sotto-Maior Bruno
Published: November 2020

Introdução: Os dentes supranumerários podem apresentar-se em todas as regiões da mandíbula ou maxila, mas existe uma predisposição para localizarem-se na região anterior da maxila. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de localização incomum de dente supranumerário fusionado na região posterior da maxila. Relato de Caso: A radiografia panorâmica sugeriu uma alteração da forma do terceiro molar superior, porém não foi possível obter o diagnóstico final. Assim, a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico foi utilizada para determinar o diagnóstico de fusão e também auxiliar no planejamento cirúrgico.Foi realizada uma intervenção cirúrgica com o objetivo de remover o terceiro molar fusionado ao supranumerário.Conclusão:Neste relato, observamos que a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico mostrou detalhes da ocorrência rara, permitiu o estabelecimento do diagnóstico e possibilitou a correta abordagem do caso, evitando intercorrências e complicações cirúrgicas.
Identificação da altura do forame mandibular em radiografias panorâmicas como método auxiliar em anestesiologia
Authors: Thiago Gomes Ingrid , Gonçalves Lanna Gabriella , Martins Marcelo Tarcísio , Armond Magalhães Jéssica , Faquini Macedo Priscila
Published: November 2020

Introdução: O forame mandibular (FM) é uma referência anatômica importante na realização de forma efetiva do bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior (NAI). A falta de conhecimento da presença e das variações anatômicas deste forame, podem ter implicações desfavoráveis na técnica anestésica. Objetivos: Estabelecer uma média entre a distância da oclusal do segundo molar inferior ao FM, através da avaliação de radiografias panorâmicas (RP), com a finalidade de reduzir o insucesso na anestesia do NAI e a sintomatologia dolorosa em procedimentos odontológicos mandibulares. Material e Métodos: Neste estudo, foram analisadas 60 RP, de pacientes entre 16 e 40 anos, de ambos os sexos, com os segundos molares inferiores presentes. Foram mensuradas as distâncias entre esses dentes e os forames mandibulares dos lados esquerdo e direito, através do programa Foxit Reader. Resultado: As médias observadas foram de 11,2 mm à esquerda e 10,89 à direita, sendo esta diferença estatisticamente significativa ao nível de p<0,05. Quanto maior a idade do paciente, menor as distâncias entre a face oclusal do 2º molar inferior ao FM em ambos os lados. Em relação ao sexo, o masculino tende a ter as distâncias maiores que o feminino. Conclusão: A identificação do FM, por meio das RP analisadas, contribui para a realização do bloqueio do NAI nos procedimentos odontológicos, através da identificação das médias da altura desse forame.
Influência de diferentes exames por imagem no planejamento cirúrgico de terceiros molares inferiores: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Vieira Aline Lisboa , Rosado Lucas de Paula Lopes , Oliveira Manuela Lima Barros de , Nunes Willy James Porto , Junqueira Rafael Binato , Castro Maurício Augusto Aquino de , Carvalho Matheus Furtado de , Verner Francielle Silvestre
Published: November 2020

Introdução:A extração dos terceiros molares é a cirurgia oral mais realizada na Odontologia. Os exames mais comumente utilizados são a radiografia panorâmica (RP) e a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Objetivo:Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre os exames de imagem (RP e TCFC) e sua influência no planejamento cirúrgico de exodontia de terceiros molares inferiores. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão atualizada da literatura, buscando-se artigos em periódicos indexados na base de dados PubMed, no período de 2009 a 2019.Resultados: A TCFC trata-se de um exame de imagem tridimensional, que possibilita avaliação das estruturas em todos os planos, e é utilizada como facilitador no planejamento cirúrgico de terceiros molares inferiores e como ferramenta auxiliar nos casos em que a RP não fornece uma maior precisão no diagnóstico, sem sobreposição das estruturas. Conclusão: Alguns artigos não mostraram diferenças significativas entre os planejamentos cirúrgicos em terceiros molares inferiores com os dois exames de imagem, mas há a concordância de que existem sinais radiográficos na RP que indicam possíveis complicações nesses dentes. Nesses casos, a TCFC pode ser solicitada como exame complementar.