bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and patterns of birth defects among newborns in Southwestern Ethiopia: Retrospective study
Authors: Geneti Soressa Abebe , Gebru Girmai , Amenu Demisew , Dube Lemessa
Published: November 2019

Background : Intrauterine development can be considered as normal development as well as abnormal development. Abnormal development commonly called birth defects occur because of interference of normal development from genetic disorders, environmental factors and the combination of both genetic and environment factors during the critical period of embryogenesis. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of birth defects at birth in Southwestern Ethiopia. Methods : Institutions based cross-sectional study design was used. Six hospitals were selected from the existing hospitals in southwestern Ethiopia purposively based on case load. The study was conducted from September 2011 to December 2015 during which 45,951 deliveries were attained. All records of births that were occurred in the selected hospitals during the study period were identified from medical records, to locate the birth defect records.Results : Twenty-one different birth defects were recorded. Of these, 49.6 % of the birth defects recorded were Anencephaly and Hydrocephalus. Five types of birth defects namely: Anencephaly (25.0%), Hydrocephalus (24.6%), Spinal bifida (13.1%), Meningomyelocele (7.1%), and Umbilical hernia (4.8 %) accounted about three-fourth (75%) of all recorded birth defects. The present study revealed that the prevalence of the birth defects at birth was found to be 5.5 per 1000 births. Among twenty one birth defects identified in this study, the neural tube defects were the most frequent with prevalence rate of 4.1 per 1000 birth followed by gastrointestinal defects (0.7 per 1000 births)Conclusions: As compared to other study, the prevalence of birth defect identified in the present study was found to be higher. The neural tube defects were the most prevalent with the frequency of 4.05 cases per 1000.The present study also identified that nearly equal proportions of birth defect occurred among males and females newborns. The majority of the mother who gave birth to birth defects was younger than 35 years old. As the birth defect was found to be a main cases of infant mortality and morbidity, there need to an urgent interventions to control the cases.
Higher fatty liver index is associated with increased risk of new onset heart failure in healthy adults: A nationwide population-based study in Korea
Authors: Roh Jae-Hyung , Park Jae-Hyeong , Lee Hanbyul , Yoon Yong-Hoon , Kim Minsu , Kim Yong-Giun , Park Gyung-Min , Lee Jae-Hwan , Seong In-Whan
Published: November 2019

Background Heart failure (HF) is relatively common cardiovascular disease with high mortality and morbidity. Although it is associated with many cardiovascular risk factors, the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease, and HF has not been evaluated in a large-scale cohort study. Thus, we evaluated the ability of the fatty liver Index (FLI), a surrogate marker of NAFLD, to predict the development of HF in healthy individuals.Methods We evaluated 308,578 healthy persons without comorbidities who underwent the National Health check-ups in the republic of Korea from 2009 to 2014. The association between the FLI and HF was analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models.Results During a median of 5.4 years’ follow-up, 2,532 subjects (0.8%) were newly diagnosed with HF. Subjects were categorized into quartile groups according to FLI (Q1, 0-4.9; Q2, 5.0-12.5; Q3, 12.6-31.0; and Q4, >31.0). The cumulative incidence of HF was significantly higher in subjects with the highest FLI than in those with the lowest FLI (Q1, 307 [0.4%] and Q4, 890 [1.2%]; P<0.001). Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) indicated that the highest FLI was independently associated with an increased risk for HF (HR between Q4 and Q1, 2.709; 95% confidence interval=2.380-3.085; P<0.001). FLI was significantly associated with increased risk of new-onset HF regardless of their baseline characteristics. Conclusions Higher FLI was independently associated with increased risk of HF in healthy Korean population.
FIGO IVB cervical cancer patients benefit from locoregional surgery: a retrospective study from the SEER database
Authors: Wang Yanhong , Ouyang Yi , Su Jingjing , Bai Zhigang , Cai Qunrong , Cao Xinping
Published: November 2019

Background: We aimed to analyze the clinical value of primary site surgery in improving survival of initial metastatic cervical cancer. Methods: A population-based retrospective study which analyzed clinical data extracted from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was conducted. Stratified analysis was employed to evaluate the effect of cervical surgery on cervical cancer specific survival (CCSS) and overall survival (OS). Then COX regression models were performed to adjust potential confounders, and assess the survival benefit of cervical surgery for patients with primary metastatic cervical cancer. Results: The median CCSS and OS in the surgery group were more than twice of that in the group without surgery. Primary site surgery conferred prognosis superiority for patients with metastases merely to lung, and other site or distant LN, but not multiple metastasis and bone, liver. Pelvic lymph node dissection conducted in combination with cervical surgery provided a survival advantage over hysterectomy. Moreover, an aggressive treatment that integrated locoregional surgery with radiotherapy or chemotherapy showed the better survival when compared to surgery alone. The survival advantage provided by primary site surgery was not influenced by the histological type, lymph node status. Finally, after adjusting confounders using COX regression, local cervical surgery reduced the cancer related and overall mortality rate by about 30%. Conclusions: Surgical procedures could promote the survival of patients with primary metastatic cervical cancer, and should be considered as a therapeutic option for carefully chosen patients.
A Call for Consensus in Defining Efficacy in Clinical Trials for Opioid Addiction: Combined Results from a Systematic Review and Qualitative Study in Patients Receiving Pharmacological Assisted Therapy for Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Dennis Brittany B. , Sanger Nitika , Bawor Monica , Naji Leen , Worster Andrew , Baptist-Mohseni Natasha , Hillmer Alannah , Rice Danielle , Corace Kim , Hutton Brian , Tugwell Peter , Thabane Lehana , Samaan Zainab
Published: November 2019

Background: Given the complex nature of opioid addiction treatment and the rising number of available opioid substitution and antagonist therapies (OSAT), there is no ‘gold standard’ measure of treatment effectiveness, and each successive trial measures a different set of outcomes which reflect success in arbitrary or opportune terms. We sought to describe the variation in current outcomes employed across clinical trials for opioid addiction, as well as determine whether a discrepancy exists between the treatment targets that patients consider important and how treatment effectiveness is measured in the literature.
Methods: We searched nine commonly used databases (e.g. EMBASE, MEDLINE) from inception to August 1, 2015. Outcomes used across trials were extracted and categorized according to previously established domains. To evaluate patient reported goals of treatment, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 adults undergoing methadone treatment.
Results: We identified 60 trials eligible for inclusion. Once outcomes were categorized into eight broad domains (e.g. abstinence/substance abuse), we identified 21 specific outcomes with furthermore 53 subdomains and 118 measurements. Continued opioid use and treatment retention were the most commonly reported measures (46%, n=28). The majority of patients agreed that abstinence from opioids was a primary goal in their treatment, however they also stressed goals under-reported in clinical trials.
Conclusion: There is inconsistency in the measures used to evaluate the effectiveness of OSATs. Individual and population level decision making is being guided by a standard of effect considered useful to researchers yet in direct conflict with what patients deem important.

PROSPERO ID: CRD42013006507
Key Words: opioid addiction; clinical trials; efficacy; methodology; patient important outcomes; treatment effectiveness
The Cost-Effectiveness of specialized Nursing Interventions for people with Parkinson’s Disease: the NICE-PD study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Radder Danique LM , Lennaerts Herma H , Vermeulen Hester , Asseldonk Thies van , Delnooz Cathérine CS , Hagen Rob H , Munneke Marten , Bloem Bastiaan R , de Vries Nienke M
Published: November 2019

Background Current guidelines recommend that every person with Parkinson’s disease (PD) should have access to Parkinson’s Disease Nurse Specialist (PDNS) care. However, there is little scientific evidence on the cost-effectiveness of PDNS care. This hampers wider implementation, creates unequal access to care and possibly leads to avoidable disability and costs. Therefore, we aim to study the (cost-)effectiveness of specialized nursing care provided by a PDNS compared to usual care (without PDNS) for people with PD in all disease stages. To gain more insight into the deployed interventions and their effects, a pre-planned subgroup analysis will be performed based on disease duration (diagnosis <5, 5-10, or >10 years ago). Methods We will perform an 18-month, single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial in eight community hospitals in the Netherlands. A total of 240 people with PD that have not been treated by a PDNS over the past two years will be included, independent of disease severity or duration. In each hospital, 30 patients will randomly be allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either care by a PDNS (who works according to a recent guideline on PDNS care) or usual care. We will use two co-primary outcomes: quality of life (measured with the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39) and motor symptoms (measured with the MDS-UPDRS part III). Secondary outcomes include non-motor symptoms, health-related quality of life, experienced quality of care, self-management, medication adherence, caregiver burden and coping skills. Data will be collected after 12 months and 18 months by a blinded researcher. A healthcare utilization and productivity loss questionnaire will be completed every 3 months. Discussion The results of this trial will have an immediate impact on the current care of people with PD. We hypothesize that, by offering more patients access to PDNS care, quality of life will increase. We also expect healthcare costs to remain equal, as increases in direct medical costs (funding additional nurses) will be offset by a reduced number of consultations with the general practitioner and neurologist. If these outcomes are reached, wide implementation of PDNS care is warranted. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03830190. Registered February 5, 2019 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03830190.
Comparative Genomics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolated from Children with Pneumonia: South Korea, 2010-2016
Authors: Lee Joon Kee , Seong Moon-Woo , Shin Dongjin , Kim Jong-Il , Han Mi Seon , Yeon Youbin , Cho Sung Im , Park Sung Sup , Choi Eun Hwa
Published: November 2019

Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of respiratory tract infections in children and adults. This study applied high-throughput whole genome sequencing (WGS) technologies to analyze the genomes of 30 M. pneumoniae strains isolated from children with pneumonia in South Korea during the two epidemics from 2010 to 2016 in comparison with a global collection of 48 M. pneumoniae strains which includes seven countries ranging from 1944 to 2017. Results The 30 Korean strains had approximately 40% GC content and ranged from 815,686 to 818,669 base pairs, coding for a total of 809 to 828 genes. Overall, BRIG revealed 99% to > 99% similarity among strains. The genomic similarity dropped to approximately 95% in the P1 type 2 strains when aligned to the reference M129 genome, which corresponded to the region of the p1 gene. MAUVE detected four subtype-specific insertions (three in P1 type 1 and one in P1 type 2), of which were all hypothetical proteins except for one tRNA insertion in all P1 type 1 strains. The phylogenetic associations of 30 strains were generally consistent with the multilocus sequence typing results. eBURST analysis demonstrated two clonal complexes which are accordant with the known P1 typing, with higher diversity among P1 type 2 strains. The phylogenetic tree constructed with 78 genomes including 48 genomes outside Korea formed three clusters, in which the sequence type 3 strains from Korea were divided into two P1 type 1 clusters. Conclusions The comparative genome analysis of the 78 M. pneumoniae strains including 30 strains from Korea by WGS reveals structural diversity and phylogenetic associations, even though the similarity across the strains was very high.
CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI KARARNAMESİNİN NORMLAR HİYERARŞİSİNDEKİ YERİ
Authors: ŞANLI ATAY Yeliz
Published: November 2019

Makalede 2018 yılında yürürlüğe
giren Anayasa değişiklikleri ile Anayasada yerini almış bulunan
cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamesinin normlar hiyerarşisindeki yeri inceleme konusu
yapılmaktadır. Anayasal hükümler ile yürütme organına asli düzenleme yetkisi ve
Anayasada açıkça düzenlenen bazı konu alanlarında da yürütmeye münhasır yetki
tanınmıştır. Cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamesinin normlar hiyerarşisindeki yerini
belirleyecek olan, kanun ile ilişkisidir. Kelsen’in kavramlaştırması esas
alındığında, normlar arasındaki üstünlük sıralamasında bir normun üst norm
olarak kabulü için alt normun konulma usulünü ve/veya içeriğini belirlemesi
gerekir. İlgili hükümler esas alındığında, kanun bir üst norm olarak
cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamesinin ortaya konulma usulünü ve/veya içeriğini
belirlememektedir. Asli düzenleme yetkisinin aracı olarak cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamesi
dayanağını doğrudan Anayasadan alarak, düzenlediği konuya ilişkin ilk elden
kural koymakta ve bu nedenle kanundan bağımsız olarak maddi bakımından bir
kural işlem şeklinde ortaya çıkmaktadır. 
Buna karşılık, Anayasanın 104/17. maddesinde yer alan kurallar, kanun ve
cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamesi arasında bir astlık üstlük ilişkisi kuran kurallar
olarak değil, çatışma kuralları olarak nitelendirilebilir. Bu saptamalar
sonucunda, cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamesinin normlar hiyerarşisinde kanuna eşit
bir norm olarak yer aldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Reactivity of Vinylallenes
Authors: Afonso María M. , Palenzuela J. Antonio
Published: November 2019

Vinylallenes have been synthesized and used as reagents for many years. However,
the number of reviews covering the advances in the chemistry of vinylallenes are
scarce. Most of the information lies in general reviews about allenes or in reviews dedicated
to specific areas of research. Today, vinylallenes are used in the synthesis due to the
special characteristics of this moiety, a diene with a non-conjugated double bond and the
capacity to generate axial chirality. In this review, the most relevant publications
involving vinylallenes, published in the last fifteen years, are compiled. The review
includes new or improved synthetic methods and the reactivity of vinylallenes prepared by
classical or new methods. The reactions of vinylallenes have been classified as Nazarovtype
processes, cycloaddition reactions, and reactions in which vinylallenes are key
intermediates, usually non-isolated but essential for the process to occur. Other types of reactivity are also
included.
Novel Phytochemical Constituents and Anticancer Activities of the Genus, Typhonium
Authors: Khalivulla Shaik I. , Mohammed Arifullah , Sirajudeen Kuttulebbai N.S. , Shaik Mannur I. , Ye Weibing , Korivi Mallikarjuna
Published: November 2019

Background:

Typhonium is the largest genus in the Araceae family (~70 species), distributed in South
Asia, Southeast Asia and Australia. Typhonium is well-known for its ethnopharmacological uses, and Southeast
Asians consider it as an alternative medicine to treat cancer. This review elucidated the confirmed chemical structures
of the isolated compounds of Typhonium and emphasized on their anticancer activities against various human
cancer cells.

Methods:

Among several species, Typhonium blumei, T. flagelliforme, T. divaricatum and T. giganteum were extensively
studied due to the presence of a class of secondary metabolites. All the available reports on Typhonium were
included and discussed in this article.

Results:

Until now several groups of compounds, namely amino acids (1, 2), cinnamic acid (3), fatty acids (4-14),
glycerol derivatives (15-18) and cerebrosides (19-34), flavonoids (35), hydantoins (36-38), lignin monomers (39-44),
nucleobases (45-48), pheophorbides (49-52), phthalate (53), terpene and steroids (54-59) and vitamins (60, 61) were
isolated and characterized from Typhonium. These phytochemicals were investigated for their anticancer properties,
and results confirmed the promising growth inhibitory effect and anticancer activities against human lung, breast,
prostate and colon cancer cells. The anticancer activity of these compounds appears to be mediated through the induction
of apoptotic cell death. These phytochemicals further reported to exhibit other pharmacological efficacies,
including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-allergic, neuroprotective and hepato-protective properties.

Conclusion:

This is the first review to summarize the anticancer properties of all isolated compounds of Typhonium
genus with confirmed chemical structures. Further advanced studies are necessary to establish the detailed signaling
pathways that are involved in the anticancer property of the compounds.
Medicinal Thiols: Current Status and New Perspectives
Authors: Pfaff Annalise R. , Beltz Justin , King Emily , Ercal Nuran
Published: November 2019

The thiol (-SH) functional group is found in a number of drug compounds and confers a unique combination of useful properties. Thiol-containing drugs can reduce radicals and other toxic electrophiles, restore cellular thiol pools, and form stable complexes with heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, and copper. Thus, thiols can treat a variety of conditions by serving as radical scavengers, GSH prodrugs, or metal chelators. Many of the compounds discussed here have been in use for decades, yet continued exploration of their properties has yielded new understanding in recent years, which can be used to optimize their clinical application and provide insights into the development of new treatments. The purpose of this narrative review is to highlight the biochemistry of currently used thiol drugs within the context of developments reported in the last five years. More specifically, this review focuses on thiol drugs that represent the standard of care for their associated conditions, including N-acetylcysteine, 2,3-meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid, British anti-Lewisite, D-penicillamine, amifostine, and others. Reports of novel dosing regimens, delivery strategies, and clinical applications for these compounds were examined with an eye toward emerging approaches to address a wide range of medical conditions in the future.
IL1R2 Polymorphisms are Associated with Increased Risk of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Liu Jianfeng , Yang Yonghui , Li Haiyue , Liu Yuanwei , Sun Yao , Wu Jiamin , Xiong Zichao , Jin Tianbo
Published: November 2019

Background:

Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer
death worldwide, and the overall incidence is increasing.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between single
nucleotide polymorphisms in IL1R2 and EC risk in the Chinese population.

Methods:

Genotyping of six SNPs of IL1R2 was performed with the Agena
MassARRAY platform from 384 EC and 499 controls. The association between
polymorphisms and EC risk was assessed by performing genetics models and haplotype
analyses.

Results:

Overall analysis results showed that the allele C of rs11674595 (odds ratio
[OR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-1.77, p = 0.002) and allele G of
rs2072472 (allele: OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.08-1.69, p = 0.008) were associated with an
increased EC risk. The rs11674595 and rs2072472 were found to be correlated with EC
risk under the codominant, dominant, and additive models. Stratification analysis found
that rs11674595 and rs2072472 were associated with increased EC risk in male and in
age > 55 years old subgroup. In addition, Crs11674595Grs4851527 haplotype was significantly
associated with 1.44-fold increased risk of EC (95% CI: 1.12-1.84, p = 0.004).

Conclusions :

Our results reveal the significant association between SNPs (rs11674595
and rs2072472) in the IL1R2 and EC risk in the Chinese Han population. The findings
may provide meaningful reference for the prevention and treatment of EC.
Isoflurane-induced miR-140-5p aggravates neurotoxicity in diabetic rats by targeting SNX12
Authors: Fan Dongyi , Yang Simin , Han Yuxiang , Zhang Ru , Yang Lukun
Published: November 2019

Objectives:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are widely known as critical regulators in isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity during the development of brain. Isoflurane could aggravate cognitive impairment in diabetic rats. The present study was designed to explore the role and mechanism of miR-140-5p on isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in diabetic rats.

Methods:

Diabetic rats model was established by injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and identified by Morris water maze test. Expression of miR-140-5p in diabetic rats under isoflurane treatment was evaluated via qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction). Latency to platform and time spent in the target quadrant were calculated to detect the effect of miR-140-5p on neurotoxicity. The potential target for miR-140-5p was validated via dual luciferase activity assay.

Results:

Morris water maze test indicated that isoflurane treatment exacerbated STZ-induced cognitive impairment, as demonstrated by increase of latency to platform and decrease of time spent in the target quadrant. MiR-140-5p was up-regulated in diabetic rats under isoflurane treatment. Moreover, knockdown of miR-140-5p attenuated neurotoxicity in diabetic rats. Mechanistically, we found that miR-140-5p could directly bind to SNX12 (sorting nexin 12). The neuroprotective effect of miR-140-5p against isoflurane-aggravated neurotoxicity in diabetic rats dependent on up-regulation of SNX12 and inhibition of cell apoptosis.

Conclusions:

Knockdown of miR-140-5p relieved isoflurane-aggravated neurotoxicity in diabetic rats through targeting SNX12, suggesting a novel target for neuroprotection in diabetes under isoflurane treatment.
Intravenous Tranexamic Acid for Brain Contusion with Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage: Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Mousavinejad Maryam , Mozafari Javad , Ilkhchi Reza Bahrami , Hanafi Mohammad Ghasem , Ebrahimi Pouya
Published: November 2019

Introduction:

Controlling of secondary traumatic brain injuries (TBI) is necessary due to
its salient effect on the improvement of patients with TBI and the final outcomes within early hours
of trauma onset. This study aims to investigate the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid (TAX) administration
on decreased hemorrhage during surgery.

Methods:

This double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial was conducted on patients referring
to the emergency department (ED) with IPH due to brain contusion within 8 h of injury onset.
The patients were evaluated by receiving TXA and 0.9% normal saline as a placebo. The following
evaluation and estimations were performed: intracranial hemorrhage volume after surgery using brain
CT-scan; hemoglobin (Hb) volume before, immediately after, and six hours after surgery; and the severity
of TBI based on Glasgow Coma Score (GCS).

Results:

40 patients with 55.02 ± 18.64 years old diagnosed with a contusion and intraparenchymal
hemorrhage. Although the (Mean ± SD) hemorrhage during surgery in patients receiving TXA
(784.21 ± 304.162) was lower than the placebo group (805.26 ± 300.876), no significant difference
was observed between two groups (P=0.83). The (Mean ± SD) Hb volume reduction immediately
during surgery (0.07 ± 0.001 and 0.23 ± 0.02) and six hours after surgery (0.04 ± 0.008 and 0.12 ±
0.006) was also lower in TXA group but had no significant difference (P = 0.89 and P = 0.97, respectively).

Conclusion:

Using TXA may reduce the hemorrhage in patients with TBI, but this effect, as in this
study, was not statistically significant and it is suggested that a clinical trial with a larger population
is employed for further investigation.
Development of Patient Databases for Endocrinological Clinical and Pharmaceutical Trials: A Survey
Authors: Vezertzis Konstantinos , Lambrou George I. , Koutsouris Dimitrios
Published: November 2019

Background:

According to European legislation, a clinical trial is a research involving patients,
which also includes a research end-product. The main objective of the clinical trial is to prove
that the research product, i.e. a proposed medication or treatment, is effective and safe for patients.
The implementation, development, and operation of a patient database, which will function as a matrix
of samples with the appropriate parameterization, may provide appropriate tools to generate
samples for clinical trials.

Aim:

The aim of the present work is to review the literature with respect to the up-to-date progress
on the development of databases for clinical trials and patient recruitment using free and open-source
software in the field of endocrinology.

Methods:

An electronic literature search was conducted by the authors from 1984 to June 2019.
Original articles and systematic reviews selected, and the titles and abstracts of papers screened to
determine whether they met the eligibility criteria, and full texts of the selected articles were retrieved.

Results:

The present review has indicated that the electronic health records are related with both the
patient recruitment and the decision support systems in the domain of endocrinology. The free and
open-source software provides integrated solutions concerning electronic health records, patient recruitment,
and the decision support systems.

Conclusions:

The patient recruitment relates closely to the electronic health record. There is maturity
at the academic and research level, which may lead to good practices for the deployment of the electronic
health record in selecting the right patients for clinical trials.
Sm Doped ZnO Nanowires@PAN Nanofibrous Membranes for Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye
Authors: Fan Jie , Cao Dong-Yuan , Pan Tian-Di , Xia Zhao-Peng , Liu Yong
Published: November 2019

Background:

Wastewater involving a lot of contaminants like organic dyes from the textile
finishing industry causes a greater adverse impact on human beings. There are many patents on nanofibers
involved metallic oxides, this paper studies photocatalytic degradation of free-pollution Zinc Oxide
(ZnO) nanomaterials on dye decontamination.

Objective:

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous membranes loaded with Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanowires
were fabricated and evaluated for photocatalytic degradation.

Methods:

In this work, Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous membranes loaded with ZnO seeds were
prepared by electrospinning PAN/Zn (Ac)2 solution followed by a thermal decomposition process. ZnO
nanowires were hydrothermally grown on the surface of PAN nanofibers. The effects of the ratio of
PAN and zinc acetate in a solution, decomposition temperature and ammonia (NH4OH) on the morphologies
of ZnO nanowires were observed. ZnO nanowires showed the optimum morphologies when
the ratio of PAN/Zn (Ac)2 was 10:1.5. The decomposition temperature was 150oC, and NH4OH was
added in the hydrothermal reaction. The photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B solution under
UV irradiation was used as a model reaction. The photodegradation ability of the ZnO @PAN membrane
doped with cerium (Sm) was also investigated.

Results:

Slight Sm doping increased the photocatalytic degradation rate from 57% to 89% under ultraviolet
light irradiation for 2h. After 5 times of cycling under the same conditions, it still maintained the
dye decolorization rate that was above 65%.

Conclusion:

Sm doped ZnO nanowires @PAN nanofibrous membranes were easily produced and
could provide a novel process for the degradation of dye decontamination.
Active Suspension Control Based on Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Lv Shaobin , Chen Guoqiang , Dai Jun
Published: November 2019

Background:

The active suspension can be adjusted in real time according to the change of
road condition and vehicle state to enhance the performance of active suspension that has received
widespread attention. Suspension control strategies and actuators are the key issues of the active suspension,
and are the main research directions for active suspension patents.

Objective:

The numerical analysis method is proposed to study the performance characteristics of the
active suspension controlled by different controllers.

Methods:

The active suspension control model and control strategy based on particle swarm optimization
are established, and two active suspensions controlled by the sliding mode controller and the fuzzy
PID controller are proposed. Moreover, two active suspension systems are optimized by particle swarm
optimization.

Results:

The results of the analysis show that the performance of the active suspension is significantly
improved compared with the passive suspension when the vehicle runs on the same road. The ride comfort
of the active suspension controlled by the fuzzy PID controller has the best adaptive performance
when the vehicle runs on different grade roads or white noise roads. The active suspension controlled
by the fuzzy PID controller has the best ride comfort.

Conclusion:

A good control strategy can effectively improve the performance of the active suspension.
To improve the performance of the active suspension, it can be controlled by utilizing different control
strategies. The results lay a foundation for the active suspension experiments, the dynamic analysis and
the optimization design of suspension structure.
Simulation of radioelectronic means non-stationary bounce flow and its intensity estimation procedure
Authors: Kurilyak A. T. , Sokolov S. S.
Published: November 2019

Unsteady bounce flow is a Poisson flow modulated in intensity by a stationery random process. Flows of this class, known as double stochastic flows, are found in application for describing in addition to the unsteady flow of failures of radio electronics means, a number of physical phenomena in the Earth’s magnetosphere, meteorology and medicine. The problem of registration is the choice of the optimal value of the linear filter parameter, which provides the minimum total root-mean-square error of estimating the flow rate. The obtained theoretical results, based on solving the Wiener-Hopf education, confirmed the presence of the optimal value of the filter parameter for a wide class of random process modulating the flow in intensity. However, when performing mathematical transformations, several approximations of transcendental functions were used, which influenced the accuracy of the results, but allowed to obtain solutions important for practical applications. As part of the study, an algorithm and a computer program for stimulating the implementation of a nonstationary flow and the procedure for forming the relative error of estimating its intensity have been developed. The simulation results combined with the theoretical results, obtained for the exponential autocorrelation function of the modulating random process are presented.
Research of network attacks detection methods
Authors: Frolov P. V. , Vershinin E. V. , Medvedeva S. A.
Published: November 2019

This paper reviews existing methods of network attacks detecting. A brief description of methods, their main features, advantages and disadvantages are given in accordance with the generally accepted classification of detection methods. During the initial analysis evidently inappropriate methods for this study were pointed out. Criteria for estimation of suitable methods for detecting cyberattacks in real time are given (recal, precision, F-measure). Each suitable method was estimated in accordance with the criteria. The comparative analysis of intrusion detection methods was carried out based on the obtained estimates. The most effective methods for solving problems of detecting cyberattacks in real time were chosen. A brief description of further research is given, which is based on the obtained results.
Problem-oriented information analytical system development for management, planningand mining enterprise production activities optimization
Authors: Goncharenko S. N. , Avdeev A. B.
Published: November 2019

The paper considers the scenario analysis tool in the form initial scenarios set simulation and optimal option selection enterprise development on the basis information analytical system – integrated planning system (IPS) is considered. The IPS practical application field as a tool of simulation modeling for optimization the enterprise activity in terms the main technical and economic indicators, strategic planning and production system development, valuation and structuring assets is shown. Such tasks in the IPS framework will improve the plan recosting speed and planning accuracy, model multiple enterprise development scenarios, taking into account changes in macroeconomic indicators and solve the task choosing the optimal one, which will significantly affect the quality and speed of management decisions. This system will allow data consolidation and integration with other information and industrial enterprise analytical systems. The IPS contains applications for creating and viewing reports, as well as data preparation and analysis functionality, tools for developing and editing program code, analytical solutions for studying data structure and building analytical models, including scenario models, and is a complete analytical platform that provides a secure multi-user environment for simultaneous access to data. The system provides a specialized data warehouse section, the logical and physical structure which is designed to create a special report or a group reports for a specific section the subject area.
Safety issues during selection of personnel
Authors: Bushina G. A. , Molchanov A. N. , Smirnov M. E.
Published: November 2019

The article substantiates the use of a detailed examination of applicants when hiring an enterprise security service. The main purpose of such checks is considered. Documents (passport, taxpayer identification number (TIN), diploma, criminal record) and personal information (information about administrative fines, enforcement proceedings, credit history and relations with competing organizations, letters of recommendation from the previous place of work) that the company is entitled and must require the candidate. It describes the procedure for collecting information from social networks to confirm the information specified in the resume or to obtain information for some reason not specified in the questionnaire. Understanding the process of conducting an interview with the applicant or testing the applicant. The use of the polygraph to test candidates is analyzed and discussed.
Рост ограненных пор в кристалле по механизму Бартона--Кабреры--Франка
Authors: Редьков А.В.
Published: November 2019

The growth of a faceted pore in a crystal via Burton-Cabrera-Frank mechanism under tensile load is considered. The growth is due to diffusion of vacancies containing in the crystal, towards terraces and steps on the pore surface. Expressions for the rate of advance of a single step and a group of parallel steps are found as well as the expression for the dependence of the normal growth rate of a pore by a spiral mechanism on the applied tensile load. It is shown that in a certain range of small tensile loads, the pore growth rate may have a quadratic dependence on the load, whereas for large loads this dependence is linear.
Выращивание и исследование сцинтилляционных свойств кристаллов BaBrI, активированных ионами самария
Authors: Шалаев А.А. , Шендрик Р.Ю. , Русаков А.И. , Сокольникова Ю.В. , Мясникова А.С.
Published: November 2019

The BaBrI crystals activated by Sm2 + ions were grown by the Bridgman method. The actual samarium content in the obtained samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The paper presents the results of a study of the optical and scintillation characteristics of the obtained crystals: photoluminescence, X-ray luminescence and absorption spectra. The light yield of the luminescence of the studied samples was estimated.
Метастабильные дисперсные состояния, возникающие при распаде трехкомпонентного сплава
Authors: Разумов И.К. , Горностырев Ю.Н.
Published: November 2019

Abstract In this paper, we consider the conditions for inhibiting the growth of precipitates from a metastable supersaturated solid solution and at the evaporation-condensation stage during spinodal decomposition of a three-component alloy. The formation of a “locking” shell around precipitates was shown to be an effective mechanism for inhibiting decomposition, provided that the solubility or diffusion coefficients of the alloy components are reduced in the shell. The thermodynamic and kinetic conditions for the appearance of such shells are formulated. The features of decomposition inhibition mechanisms in specific alloys are discussed.
Влияние дополнительной интенсивной пластической деформации при повышенных температурах на микроструктуру и функциональные свойства ультрамелкозернистого сплава Al-0.4Zr
Authors: Орлова Т.С. , Латынина Т.А. , Мурашкин М.Ю. , Казыханов В.У.
Published: November 2019

The effect of high pressure torsion (HPT) at elevated temperatures of 230 and 280°C on the microstructure, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of ultrafine-grained (UFG) Al-0.4Zr alloy was studied. The initial UFG structure in the material of the study was preliminarily formed by HPT-processing at room temperature. It was shown that the additional deformation of the UFG Al-0.4Zr alloy at elevated temperatures leads to a simultaneous significant increase in strength from 140 to 230-280 MPa and electrical conductivity from ~ 47.5% to 52-54% IACS. The obtained results are compared with the effect of annealing at the same temperatures on the microstructure and properties of the UFG Al-0.4Zr alloy. It was found that, compared with annealing, severe plastic deformation at the same temperature leads to more efficient formation of nanoscale precipitates of the Al3Zr secondary phase and, consequently, to a larger decrease in the Zr concentration in the solid solution, which provides a significant increase in electrical conductivity. Based on the obtained microstructural parameters, the contributions of various hardening mechanisms to the total hardening and electron scattering mechanisms to electrical resistivity are estimated. Comparison of the theoretical estimates with the experimental results indicates that the hardening in the UFG structure of the Al-0.4Zr alloy caused by additional SPD at elevated temperatures cannot be described only by the action of hardening mechanisms traditional for UFG materials. Possible reasons for the colossal hardening obtained are discussed.
Исследование фазовых переходов в кристаллах (Cs,NH-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-(HSO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-(H-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-PO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-)
Authors: Селезнева Е.В. , Тимаков И.С. , Коморников В.А. , Гребенев В.В. , Зайнуллин О.Б. , Макарова И.П.
Published: November 2019

The crystals of solid solution (NH4,Cs)4(HSO4)3(H2PO4) were investigate by synchronous thermal analysis and polarization microscopy methods at heating with the purpose of studying phase transitions in these solid solutions. The temperatures of structural modifications are established, and it is shown that the replacement of Cs cations by NH4 in Cs4(HSO4)3(H2PO4) crystals leads to a decrease in the temperature of phase transformations.
Структурные, магнитные и тепловые свойства соединения Tb-=SUB=-0.8-=/SUB=-Sm-=SUB=-0.2-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- cо структурой фаз Лавеса
Authors: Алероева Т.А. , Терешина И.С. , Каминская Т.П. , Умхаева З.С. , Филимонов А.В. , Ванина П.Ю. , Алексеева О.А. , Илюшин А.С.
Published: November 2019

A comprehensive study of the structure, phase composition, features of the surface topology,
the magnetostrictive and thermal properties of the Tb0.8Sm0.2Fe2 compound are performed. The structural features were established at micro- and nanoscale levels, and information on the magnetic domains structure at room temperature was obtained. The results of x-ray diffraction studies in a wide temperature range of 90–760 K, including Curie temperature, are represented. Experimental data on thermal expansion and magnetostriction in magnetic fields up to 12 kOe were obtained and analyzed. Anomalies were found in the thermal expansion curves dl/l (T) and magnetostriction λ (T) at low temperatures. It is established that in compound under study the value of the magnetostrictive effect remains almost unchanged in a wide temperature range 100–300 K in fields up to 3.5 kOe.
Диэлектрическая спектроскопия как метод исследования тонких пленок диоксида ванадия
Authors: Ильинский А.В. , Кастро Р.А. , Пашкевич М.Э. , Шадрин Е.Б.
Published: November 2019

The dielectric spectra of thin (1200 Å) vanadium dioxide films, a material with strong electron-electron correlations, were studied. Both the undoped and germanium-doped VO2: Ge films were studied. For the VO2: Ge, an additional maximum has been detected in the frequency of the dielectric loss spectrum. The fine structure of the spectra was investigated and the physical interpretation of two maxima in the frequency dependence of the tangent of the dielectric loss angle and of two semi-circles on the Cole-Cole diagram was performed. The results were analyzed on the basis of the equivalent electrical circuits of the samples: a single RC-circuit for the case of an undoped VO2 film and a double-circuit  for VO2: Ge. The numerical values of the parameters of the model schemes are determined. It has been established that the complicating of equivalent circuit for VO2: Ge compared to undoped VO2 is due to the complication of the electrical response of the doped film to the influence of an electromagnetic field. It is shown that this complication is associated with the acceptor properties of a Ge impurity, which is manifested when the strongly correlated material is doped with an isoelectronic impurity.
Исследование формирования омических контактов Au/Mo/Ti с пониженным сопротивлением к эпитаксиальным слоям алмаза p-типа
Authors: Дроздов М.Н. , Демидов Е.В. , Дроздов Ю.Н. , Краев С.А. , Шашкин В.И. , Архипова Е.А. , Лобаев М.А. , Вихарев А.Л. , Горбачев А.М. , Радищев Д.Б. , Исаев В.А. , Богданов С.А.
Published: November 2019

The formation of ohmic Au/Mo/Ti contacts to epitaxial p-type diamond films is studied. The effect of annealing on the electrical and structural properties of contacts has been investigated. It was shown that during rapid thermal annealing, the outer layer of gold protects the contact system from oxidation up to a temperature of 850°C, unlike the simplified Au/Ti system, which is more common in modern works. In Au/Ti structures without a Mo layer after high-temperature annealing, effective diffusion of titanium into the gold layer occurs, which reduces its protective properties and accelerates the diffusion of oxygen to the boundary with the diamond. Oxidation of the Ti/C contact region blocks the formation of a conductive layer of titanium carbide with high adhesion at the border with diamond. The role of various factors in reducing the contact resistance is compared: annealing for the formation of titanium carbide, heavy doping of diamond with boron atoms, and crystalline perfection of epitaxial diamond substrates. For doped epitaxial films grown on single-sector quality substrates, non-annealed ohmic contacts with a record contact resistance of 4•10<-7> Ω•cm<2> were obtained.
Решение задачи дифракции на теле вращения, расположенном в диэлектрическом слое
Authors: Маненков С.А.
Published: November 2019

Two methods for solving the problem of diffraction of the plane wave by the dielectric body of revolution located in the homogeneous dielectric layer are proposed. Two methods are compared using the example of the scattering of the plane wave by the homogeneous spheroid and the circular cylinder of finite dimensions located in the layer. The results of calculating the pattern for the case of diffraction by the finite circular cylinder which is immersed in the layer and has variable material characteristics are presented. The wavelength dependences of the pattern for plasmon particles located in the layered medium are obtained.
Характеристики поглощения электромагнитных волн в цилиндрических черных дырах с положительным и отрицательным показателями преломления
Authors: Чижевская Я.И. , Скобелев С.П.
Published: November 2019

Рассмотрена задача рассеяния плоской электромагнитной волны на цилиндрических "черных дырах" с радиальным профилем диэлектрической и магнитной проницаемостей оболочки в виде ε(rho) =μ(rho)~ 1/rho2 и постоянными проницаемостями в центральной области. Задача в строгой постановке решается как аналитически для основной модели поглотителя, так и численно с использованием одномерного метода конечных элементов для модифицированной модели. Приведены результаты, полученные для эффективности поглощения, радиолокационного поперечного сечения рассеяния и распределения поля в цилиндре. Показано, что эффективность поглощения цилиндра с отрицательным показателем преломления при реалистичных значениях параметров цилиндра остается выше эффективности поглощения аналогичного цилиндра с положительным показателем преломления. Однако указанное преимущество не так велико, как преимущество по сравнению с эффективностью поглощения черного тела, предсказанное в предыдущих публикациях при экстремально низких потерях у поверхности цилиндра и экстремально высоких значениях отрицательных проницаемостей и потерь в центральной области, радиус которой стремится к нулю. Ключевые слова: уравнения Максвелла, функции Бесселя, рассеяние, черное тело.
Сравнение характеристик волноводных рефрактометрических сенсоров
Authors: Наливайко В.И. , Пономарева М.А.
Published: November 2019

The operation of three types of waveguide refractometric sensors is analyzed: interferometric Mach-Zehnder, interferometric two-mode and grating-waveguide ones. The design features of these sensors with the division into functional blocks are considered. The dimensions of the sensors based on chalcogenide glasses are calculated to obtain the same detection limit for the gas analyte.
Полупроводниковые плазменные антенны, формируемые лазерным излучением
Authors: Богачев Н.Н. , Гусейн-заде Н.Г. , Жлуктова И.В. , Казанцев С.Ю. , Камынин В.А. , Подлесных C.В. , Рогалин В.Е. , Трикшев А.И. , Филатова С.А. , Цветков В.Б. , Шохрин Д.В.
Published: November 2019

The efficiency of transmission of high-frequency signals by a semiconductor-transmitting antenna made of Ge and Si single crystals on the surface of which a nonequilibrium electron-hole plasma is formed by laser diode radiation is experimentally investigated. The dependences of the amplitude of the emitted microwave signal in the range of 6 - 7.5 GHz on the laser power and the size of the irradiated area on the semiconductor transmitting vibratory antenna are obtained. It is shown that the efficiency of the useful signal transmission when forming a plasma antenna in Ge crystals can be increased by more than an order of magnitude.