bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early-life stress and inflammation: A systematic review of a key experimental approach in rodents
Authors: Dutcher Ethan G. , Pama E.A. Claudia , Lynall Mary-Ellen , Khan Shahid , Clatworthy Menna R. , Robbins Trevor W. , Bullmore Edward T. , Dalley Jeffrey W.
Published: December 2020

Repeated maternal separation is the most widely used pre-clinical approach to investigate the relationship between early-life chronic stress and its neuropsychiatric and physical consequences. In this systematic review, we identified 46 studies that conducted repeated maternal separation or single-episode maternal separation and reported measurements of interleukin-1b, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, or microglia activation and density. We report that in the short-term and in the context of later-life stress, repeated maternal separation has pro-inflammatory immune consequences in diverse tissues. Repeated maternal separation animals exhibit greater microglial activation and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine signalling in key brain regions implicated in human psychiatric disorders. Notably, repeated maternal separation generally has no long-term effect on cytokine expression in any tissue in the absence of later-life stress. These observations suggest that the elevated inflammatory signalling that has been reported in humans with a history of early-life stress may be the joint consequence of ongoing stressor exposure together with potentiated neural and/or immune responsiveness to stressors. Finally, our findings provide detailed guidance for future studies interrogating the causal roles of early-life stress and inflammation in disorders such as major depression.
Los Angeles Apparel: Locally Made in a Global Market
Authors: Pugh Ezra , Drost Ellen A.
Published: December 2020

This case takes place during Los Angeles Apparel’s second full year of operation. Manufacturing fashion basics such as tee shirts and leggings, the company’s operations are located entirely in Los Angeles, eschewing the typical international apparel supply chains. The central figure in the case is founder and CEO Dov Charney. A nationally known figure, Charney was previously the founder and CEO of American Apparel, an apparel manufacturer and retailer, which at its peak reached annual sales in excess of $600 million and operated almost 300 stores across 20 countries. Charney’s controversial management style made him both famous and infamous and his tenure as CEO came to an end in 2014 when he was ousted by the company’s board. In 2016, Charney founded Los Angeles Apparel with a desire to recreate what he saw as the best aspects of American Apparel – local and ‘sweatshop free’ manufacturing. Following the same trajectory as the earlier company, Charney began by focusing on wholesale B2B channels. He had recently added a B2C ecommerce channel and was considering opening brick-and-mortar stores in the near future. But much had changed in the two decades since American Apparel’s initial success. Which path forward was best for Los Angeles Apparel in current environment?
Assessing glaucoma deterioration using Spaeth/Richman contrast sensitivity test
Authors: Ichhpujani Parul , Singh Tanu , Thakur Sahil , Singh Rohan Bir , Kumar Suresh
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

To assess changes in the central and peripheral contrast sensitivity in severe primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients using a computer-based Spaeth/Richman contrast sensitivity test (SPARCS) over a period of 24 months.

Methods:

Our pilot, observational study included 15 patients (30 eyes) with severe POAG. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, number of anti-glaucoma drugs, visual fields, and SPARCS score were recorded at first visit and at 12 and 24 months.

Results:

We observed changes in mean deviation (MD) from −19.37 ± 5.04 to −20.63 ± 4.07, mean pattern standard deviation (PSD) from 11.49 ± 2.61 to 11.35 ± 2.01, and mean SPARCS score from 54.97 ± 15.66 to 53.50 ± 16.42. We found no statistically significant difference between visual field parameters and SPARCS scores associated with the number or type of prescribed anti-glaucoma drugs. Spearman’s correlation coefficient of SPARCS at baseline (SPARCS1) versus MD at baseline (MD1) was 0.274 ( p = 0.142) and SPARCS1 versus PSD at baseline (PSD1) was −0.163 ( p = 0.389). The correlation coefficient between SPARCS at 12 months (SPARCS2) versus MD (MD2) at the same time point was computed to be 0.391 ( p = 0.03), whereas SPARCS2 versus PSD at 12 months was −0.212 ( p = 0.262). Similarly, we found the coefficient to be 0.336 ( p = 0.069) for SPARCS3 (SPARCS at 24 months) versus MD3 (MD at 24 months) and −0.242 ( p = 0.197) for SPARCS3 versus PSD3 (PSD at 24 months). Correlation coefficients between SPARCS1/2, SPARCS1/3, MD1/2, MD1/3 PSD1/2, and PSD1/3 were 0.856, 0.865, 0.748, 0.722, 0.497, and 0.562, respectively ( p < 0.001). MD changed by 9.46% ± 12.73%, PSD by 0.64% ± 14.03%, and average SPARCS by 3.31% ± 12.73% over 24 months.

Conclusion:

The data from our study indicate the utilitarian application of SPARCS, an inexpensive and readily available tool for monitoring functional deterioration in cases with advanced glaucomatous damage, especially in resource-poor settings. Furthermore, it is a useful and reliable alternative to the imaging modalities where retinal nerve fiber layer measurement can be erroneous in advanced cases secondary to the floor effect.
Correction to: Development of an aquatic exposure assessment model for Imidacloprid in sewage treatment plant discharges arising from use of veterinary medicinal products
Authors: Anthe Mechthild , Valles-Ebeling Beatrice , Achtenhagen Jan , Arenz-Leufen Martina , Atkinson Jackie , Starp Michael , Corsing Christian
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Reflections on the 7th international Jerusalem conference on health policy in the wake of the Covid-19 outbreak
Authors: Fischer Shira H.
Published: December 2020

In 2019, a conference in Israel showcased new frontiers in technology in healthcare, highlighting research conducted in Israel as well as across the globe. At the time, no one realized how critical—and ubiquitous—some of these technologies would become. In the wake of a global pandemic, the ability to provide healthcare remotely has become ever more important. We explore some Israeli innovations and consider how healthcare may be permanently changed.
Both Traditional and Stair Climbing–based HIIT Cardiac Rehabilitation Induce Beneficial Muscle Adaptations
Authors: LIM CHANGHYUN , DUNFORD EMILY C. , VALENTINO SYDNEY E. , OIKAWA SARA Y. , MCGLORY CHRIS , BAKER STEVE K. , MACDONALD MAUREEN J. , PHILLIPS STUART M.
Published: December 2020

Purpose

There is a lack of knowledge as to how different exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programming affects skeletal muscle adaptations in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. We first characterized the skeletal muscle from adults with CAD compared with a group of age- and sex-matched healthy adults. We then determined the effects of a traditional moderate-intensity continuous exercise program (TRAD) or a stair climbing–based high-intensity interval training program (STAIR) on skeletal muscle metabolism in CAD.

Methods

Sixteen adults (n = 16, 61 ± 7 yr), who had undergone recent treatment for CAD, were randomized to perform (3 d·wk−1) either TRAD (n = 7, 30 min at 60%–80% of peak heart rate) or STAIR (n = 9, 3 × 6 flights) for 12 wk. Muscle biopsies were collected at baseline in both CAD and healthy controls (n = 9), and at 4 and 12 wk after exercise training in CAD patients undertaking TRAD or STAIR.

Results

We found that CAD had a lower capillary-to-fiber ratio (C/Fi, 35% ± 25%, P = 0.06) and capillary-to-fiber perimeter exchange (CFPE) index (23% ± 29%, P = 0.034) in Type II fibers compared with healthy controls. However, 12 wk of cardiac rehabilitation with either TRAD or STAIR increased C/Fi (Type II, 23% ± 14%, P < 0.001) and CFPE (Type I, 10% ± 23%, P < 0.01; Type II, 18% ± 22%, P = 0.002).

Conclusion

Cardiac rehabilitation via TRAD or STAIR exercise training improved the compromised skeletal muscle microvascular phenotype observed in CAD patients.
Sit-to-stand tests in patients hospitalised for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation: association with pulmonary function tests and risk of future exacerbations
Authors: Kakavas Sotirios , Papanikolaou Aggeliki , Kompogiorgas Steven , Stavrinoudakis Eleftherios , Balis Evangelos , Bulbasakos Georgios
Published: December 2020

Background/Aims

The sit-to-stand test is a quick and cost-effective measure of exercise tolerance and lower body strength. The literature focuses on its use in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study in patients hospitalised for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation aimed to investigate possible associations of the sit-to-stand test with pulmonary function and risk of future acute exacerbations.

Methods

This study was conducted on a sample of 22 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Participants' clinical details were recorded before they undertook spirometry, 30-second and five-repetition sit-to-stand tests. Participants were assessed via a structured telephone interview for the occurrence of acute exacerbation events in the 12 months following discharge.

Results

Patients were classified based on the presence or absence of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease over 12 months. A negative correlation was observed between five-repetition sit-to-stand test performance time and number of repetitions during the 30-second sit-to-stand test; longer sit-to-stand times and fewer repetitions were observed in patients who experienced exacerbations during follow up. The 30-second sit-to-stand test repetitions correlated positively with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). Five-repetition sit-to-stand test performance correlated negatively with FEV1, FEV1% predicted, forced vital capacity and FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio. From the various exercise parameters, five-repetition sit-to-stand test performance time demonstrated a moderate ability to predict exacerbations.

Conclusions

This study is the first to focus on the use of the sit-to-stand tests in inpatients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There was a significant correlation between the 30-second sit-to-stand test and five-repetition sit-to-stand test results. Both tests were associated with pulmonary function indices and risk of future chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations.
The effectiveness of a robotic tilt table on the muscle strength and quality of life in individuals following stroke: a randomised control trial
Authors: Kumar Suraj , Yadav Ramakant , Afrin Aafreen
Published: December 2020

Background/Aims

Stroke is a common, serious and disabling condition. There is a need for early rehabilitation to cut the long-term ill effects of stroke and to maximise functional recovery. This study aimed to assess the effect of Erigo tilt table training on muscle strength and quality of life in individuals who have survived a stroke.

Methods

A total of 133 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to receive conventional physiotherapy (group A) or Erigo tilt table training (group B). Both groups underwent an intervention programme lasting 30 days. Quality of life and muscle strength were assessed at baseline (day 0), at the end of the intervention (day 30) and at follow up (day 90).

Results

Overall, 110 patients completed the study: 55 in group A and 55 in group B. Quality of life and muscle strength significantly improved between baseline and follow up with both interventions. Group A's quality of life and upper and lower muscle strength scores increased from 75, 0.57 and 1.0 at baseline to 89, 3.0 and 3.5 at follow up, respectively; while group B's scores increased from 75, 1.35 and 1.43 at baseline to 102, 3.0 and 3.64 at follow up. The Erigo tilt table resulted in significantly greater improvements than conventional physiotherapy (P<0.01).

Conclusions

The Erigo tilt-table could be valuable tool in the early rehabilitation of patients with acute hemiplegia as it improves muscle strength and quality of life to a greater extent than conventional physiotherapy.
Evaluating functional change using the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale in acute paediatric neurorehabilitation
Authors: Young David K , Starace Helen E , Boddy Hannah I , Connolly Keira MD , Lock Kieren J , Hamilton Colin RE
Published: December 2020

Background/Aims

Childhood acquired brain injury is the leading cause of death and long-term disability among children and young people in the UK. Following a childhood brain injury, function is shown to improve within a specialist neurorehabilitation setting. Little evidence currently exists to demonstrate gross motor functional change within an acute hospital setting. The Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale is a valid and reliable outcome measure for use within inpatient paediatric neurorehabilitation following brain injury. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate how the gross motor function of paediatric patients with a new acquired brain injury changes during an acute hospital admission.

Methods

Data were collected for all patients admitted as an inpatient to one acute hospital over a 12-month period. The Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale was completed at baseline, at least weekly and again at discharge. Views relating to the utility of the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale were sought among physiotherapists using the measure in order to inform acceptability.

Results

A total of 28 patients were included in this study. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed, which showed a highly significant improvement in function as scored on the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale between baseline assessment (median 29.00, interquartile range 25.00–35.50) and discharge (median 85.00, interquartile range 75.00–95.00, Z=-4.624, P<0.001). A total of five patients (17.86%) were referred on for specialist residential neurorehabilitation. A post hoc analysis found that the rate of change of the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale appeared to have an impact on final discharge destination, with slow improvers 18.60 times more likely to require specialist rehabilitation than others. The Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale was found to be acceptable among physiotherapists using it.

Conclusions

Children with a new acquired brain injury make significant improvements in gross motor function during a period of acute inpatient neurorehabilitation. Further work should look to refine the measure and gain a full understanding of its clinical utilities.
Coherent 2D electronic spectroscopy with complete characterization of excitation pulses during all scanning steps
Authors: Pres Sebastian , Kontschak Laura , Hensen Matthias , Brixner Tobias
Published: December 2020

Coherent two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectroscopy has become a standard tool in ultrafast science. Thus it is relevant to consider the accuracy of data considering both experimental imperfections and theoretical assumptions about idealized conditions. It is already known that chirped excitation pulses can affect 2D line shapes. In the present work, we demonstrate performance-efficient, automated characterization of the full electric field of each individual multipulse sequence employed during a 2D scanning procedure. Using Fourier-transform spectral interferometry, we analyze how the temporal intensity and phase profile varies from scanning step to scanning step and extract relevant pulse-sequence parameters. This takes into account both random and systematic variations during the scan that may be caused, for example, by femtosecond pulse-shaping artifacts. Using the characterized fields, we simulate and compare 2D spectra obtained with idealized and real shapes obtained from an LCD-based pulse shaper. Exemplarily, we consider fluorescence of a molecular dimer and multiphoton photoemission of a plasmonic nanoslit. The deviations from pulse-shaper artifacts in our specific case do not distort strongly the population-based multidimensional data. The characterization procedure is applicable to other pulses-shaping technologies or excitation geometries, including also pump–probe geometry with multipulse excitation and coherent detection, and allows for accurate consideration of realistic optical excitation fields at all inter-pulse time-delays.
Generation of circular polarization with an arbitrarily polarized reading wave
Authors: Xu Xianmiao , Zhang Yuanying , Song Haiyang , Lin Xiao , Huang Zhiyun , Kuroda Kazuo , Tan Xiaodi
Published: December 2020

Polarization holography has attracted considerable attention in recent years, due to its capability of recording the polarization information in polarization-sensitive material. Particularly, the faithful reconstruction (FR) can retrieve the polarization information of the recorded signal. To date, studies referring to these topics mainly concentrate on the interference between the same type of polarization such as linearly, circularly, and elliptically polarized light. In addition, most of the reading wave is strictly limited to some specified polarization state to achieve the FR. Here, we apply the linearly polarized light as the reference wave to record the circularly polarized light, and then the circular polarization state would be faithfully reconstructed by the arbitrarily polarized reading wave. We theoretically analyze its polarization characteristic based on the tensor theory and experimentally verified the analytical results. This result further extending the FR in polarization holography, and provides a practicable way to generate circular polarization which is easily fabricated. Moreover, the work would lay a favorable theoretical foundation for the future preparation of circular polarization generator and discloses a new insight in polarization manipulation for tailoring the optical field.
Effect of inhomogeneous magnetization in optical second harmonic generation from layered nanostructures
Authors: Murzina Tatiana V. , Radovskaya Victoria V. , Pashen’kin Igor Yu. , Gusev Nikita S. , Maydykovskiy Anton I. , Mamonov Evgeniy A.
Published: December 2020

Magnetic nanostructures reveal unique interface induced properties that differ from those of bulk materials, thus magnetization distributions in interface regions are of high interest. Meanwhile, direct measurement of magnetization distribution in layered nanostructures is a complicated task. Here we study magnetic field induced effects in optical second harmonic generation (SHG) in three-layer ferromagnetic / heavy metals nano films. For a certain experimental geometry, which excludes the appearance of magnetooptical effects for homogeneously magnetized structures, magnetization induced SHG intensity variation is observed. Symmetry analysis of the SHG intensity dependencies on external magnetic field shows that the nonlinear source terms proportional to the out-of-plane gradient component of magnetization govern the observed effect.
The design of tourism product CAD three-dimensional modeling system using VR technology
Authors: Deng Yilin , Han Sang-Yun , Li Jianyi , Rong Jinjin , Fan Wenyu , Sun Tiancong
Published: December 2020

In view of the high homogeneity of tourism products all over the country, an attempt is made to design virtual visit tourism products with cultural experience background, which can reflect the characteristics of culture + tourism in different scenic spots, so that tourists can deeply experience the local culture. Combined with computer aided design (CAD), the virtual three-dimensional (3D) modeling system of scenic spots is designed, and VR real scene visit interactive tourism products suitable for different scenic spots are designed. 360° VR panoramic display technology is used for 360° VR panoramic video shooting and visiting system display production of Elephant Trunk Hill park scenery. A total of 157 images are collected and 720 cloud panoramic interactive H5 tool is selected to produce a display system suitable for 360° VR panoramic display of scenic spots. Meanwhile, based on single view RGB-D image, the latest convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm and point cloud processing algorithm are used to design the indoor 3D scene reconstruction algorithm based on semantic understanding. Experiments show that the pixel accuracy and mean intersection over union of the indoor scene layout segmentation network segmentation results are 89.5% and 60.9%, respectively, that is, it has high accuracy. The VR real scene visit interactive tourism product can make tourists have a more immersive sense of interaction and experience before, during and after the tour.
Drawing dust
Authors: Love Johanna
Published: December 2020

Over the last few years, I have become increasingly interested in how the material power of dust can be explored through the affective process of drawing to generate a new way of looking at the inevitable disintegration of the material world around us. This paper will discuss a body of drawings and prints that show how art and science have very different ways of investigating and communicating with the world around us. I am looking to science to provide an image, a particular view of the world, generating otherwise inaccessible information, but I then use a material art practice to incorporate things that are beyond the reach of science, things that science cannot engage with – the emotional, irrational, imaginative and historical ways in which we live. The body of work under discussion emerges from a research project undertaken in collaboration with an expert in the field of scientific imaging and analysis to examine particles of dust. The project considers dust as an overlooked and valuable material archive that can speak in a new way about human history and our material lives. Using state-of-the-art scientific technologies, I am able to make visible otherwise invisible particles of dust, the material that persists and remains, the omnipresent evidence of past existence. Key to the project is how the technological image that emerges from scientific analysis looks unlike anything we ordinarily see around us. The technology used to produce the scientific image creates something that seems distant, disconnected from our experience. It is this disconnection that drives me to use the slow pace and the tactile, material body of graphite drawing to transform the image using the eye and the hand in order to reconnect it with a more human, understandable way of knowing about the world.
Drawing to mirror, destabilize and enact
Authors: Patel Daksha
Published: December 2020

This article reflects upon an artist residency at the School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, hosted by Parkinson’s disease research. It examines three distinct ways in which drawing methods and the prints they generate respond to the medical research. First, drawing methods mirror practices of looking and visualizing in the research laboratories. The relationship between datasets, algorithms and the images they generate is explored to propose the unstable nature of visualizations. Second, the artist’s original drawings are destabilized and transformed into ‘mutants’ to mirror the genetic mutations that are at the heart of the research. By substituting artworks for scientific images in a public-facing event, scientists enact the uncertainties and ambiguities of interpreting visual material. Finally, visitors interact with a print installation to mirror and enact scientific practices of selecting, categorizing and searching for patterns to emerge in visualizations.
Observation of perception, considered through drawing
Authors: Croft Michael
Published: December 2020

The article presents and discusses an observational approach to drawing, where the objective is to articulate some features of visual perception implicated in and by the drawing process. Besides drawing, the author recorded such investigation through an action camera placed in front of his eyes and simultaneously recorded his spoken comment on the activity. The camera became the principle motif of the drawing, along with observation of certain operative biological features of perception, especially binocularity and peripheral vision. The article reflects on a first drawing involving three layers that simultaneously generated three videos and monologues. A second drawing was then developed from a more knowing stance, based on the considerations raised by the first drawing. Of such considerations, these were principally the question of timeframe, framing of experience, procrastination and doubt and, as it were, disengaged focus. The theoretical bases of the latter were founded in part on the author’s existing knowledge brought to the first drawing, and in part explored in the second drawing through what reflection on the article’s question had raised during its development. While the spoken monologues were intended to shed light on the objective of the drawings, consideration is given to how they also shaped the drawings. Sections of the monologues as transcripts are shown in relation to video screenshots and discussed for their contribution to the drawings.
Seen, not measured: Relocating drawing within astronomical observations
Authors: Raupach Anna Madeleine
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a practice-based research project that explores archival material documenting data collection in nineteenth-century astronomy and locates drawing as a point of access into the shift from human- to technology-dominated methods of observation and representation. I focus on two works that use drawing in contrasting ways. First, by adopting marks from handwritten logbooks as a form of drawing that is laser-etched onto mirrors to highlight the under-acknowledged work of women ‘star measurers’. This technique of remediating drawn lines references both the scientific discourse and the social framework that structured the women’s work, and I use a technique of light reflection to illuminate the absence of their identity in previous narratives of this history. The second line of inquiry is based on written descriptions of double stars. Using hand-drawn animation, I have forged a connection between human and machine interpretation and description of astronomical phenomena, to investigate the involvement of multiple authors in this process. These works provide material explorations into the shift between manual labour and machine automation to illuminate the human traces of expression that are embedded into technological processes. I propose that drawing in combination with other media can offer insight into this increasingly entangled and complex relationship for both artistic and scientific discourses.
Drawing age
Authors: Barker Garry
Published: December 2020

By accepting that an ageing body and its memories are simply a conglomerate of materials moving from one state to another and that drawing materials can be thought of as operating in parallel to this acceptance, drawings are made that can be read as visualizations of the ageing process. The experience of the ‘self-feeling’ of ageing is entangled with Deleuze’s idea of ‘the fold’ in order to develop a personal understanding of how one’s own thought can be taken ‘into’ the thought of another and how a conversation can enter the mind of others as a material entanglement.
‘the idea for receiving the idea, that is the seed’: percolating and steeping in somatic music
Authors: Jones Tim , Lee Adrian , Meehan Emma
Published: December 2020

Javanese dance artist Suprapto Suryodarmo (Prapto) led a keynote workshop as part of the Dance and Somatic Practices Conference 2017 at Coventry University. This workshop took a ‘wave’ format that involved different groups of participants flowing in and out of the durational workshop over three hours. The ‘somatic music’ created by Tim Jones and Adrian Lee accompanied and supported this flow, bringing the Amerta Movement practice into conversation with musical improvisation. The musicians later played with Prapto and presented their own ‘gig’ as part of the ‘Amerta Movement in Performance’ events in July 2018 and 2019 in Stroud, Gloucestershire, UK. After the Stroud workshop in 2019, Prapto asked researcher Emma Meehan to write to the musicians to discuss their exploration of ‘somatic music’. The following set of e-mail exchanges over the past year share excerpts of this ongoing dialogue instigated by Prapto. Following Prapto’s death in December 2019, we gathered our conversations here to pay tribute to his work and celebrate his inspiration to artists experimenting in Amerta Movement in performance. Alongside these conversations, we invite readers to listen to audio recordings of somatic music with Tim Jones, Adrian Lee and Prapto. Rather than presenting a definition of what somatic music is, we want to share perspectives on somatic music as an ongoing dialogue that will continue as part of Prapto’s legacy in years to come. A title for these exchanges suggested itself from Prapto’s comment (2018, 151–152) ‘the idea for receiving the idea, that is the seed’, to acknowledge his seeding of this conversation into existence.
Costume as a somatic tool in dance education: A provocation
Authors: Smith Lorraine
Published: December 2020

Somatic dance practice is a much needed accompaniment to any dance training, with many benefits to the students. However, breaking through to a sceptical novice student can be a challenge. And for those who fall willingly into the practice, becoming overly internalized and disconnected to the external can be equally problematic. In response to these issues, the author advocates that costume could be the answer. This visual essay will reflect on the absence of costume in dance education and examine its somatic nature through the analysis of relevant performance works. Evidencing costume’s haptic nature and impact on the performing body, its comparison with somatic dance practice principles will be discussed. Finally, the author suggests a definition of the somatic nature of costume and its recommendation as a tool to support the teaching of somatic practice in dance education.
Fortificación con fibra dietética como estrategia para aumentar la saciedad: ensayo aleatorizado doble ciego controlado
Authors: Pino Villalón José Luis , Rojas Muñoz Marianela , Orellana Saez Bárbara , Torres Mejías Jorge
Published: December 2020

Introducción: Se ha descrito que las fibras dietéticas (FD) podrían tener efectos favorables en el control de sentimientos subjetivos relacionados a sensaciones postprandiales de apetito y saciedad, propiedad que en el contexto epidemiológico actual podrían ser beneficiosos. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto agudo de 3 tipos de FD sobre la percepción subjetiva de sensaciones postprandiales. Material y métodos: Estudio randomizado, doble ciego, controlado, cruzado. 21 sujetos sanos con índice de masa corporal entre 18.5-24.9 Kg/m2, fueron asignados aleatoriamente para consumir 4 desayunos separados por a lo menos 2 días. Los desayunos fueron fortificados con 3 g de: β-glucano de avena (BETA), pectinas de manzana (PECT), celulosa microcristalina (CELL) y maltodextrina como control (MALT).  Los sentimientos subjetivos postprandiales se determinaron con una Encuesta Visual Análoga (EVA) antes del desayuno y a los 15, 30, 60, 90 y 120 min. Resultados: En análisis de varianzas (ANOVA) mostró una diferencia significativa a los 15 minutos (p<0,05) en la percepción de saciedad subjetiva de los desayunos fortificados con pectina de manzana versus β-glucano de avena. β-glucano de avena produjo el menor efecto en la saciedad subjetiva (p<0,05). Un ANOVA de medidas repetidas no mostró efectos de los tipos de fibras adicionadas a los desayunos en el sentimiento subjetivo de apetito. Conclusiones: Las pectinas de manzana parecen ser más efectiva que otros tipos de FD para aumentar la percepción subjetiva de saciedad y disminuir el apetito, especialmente en el periodo postprandial temprano.
Evaluación de los hábitos dietéticos y niveles de actividad física en adolescentes escolares: Un estudio transversal
Authors: Parra-Escartín Belén , Villalobos Felipe
Published: December 2020

Introducción: La alimentación y la actividad física son los principales factores de riesgo modificables para la prevención y/o control del sobrepeso y la obesidad en etapas pediátricas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar los estilos de vida (dietéticos y actividad física), y su asociación con el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) en adolescentes.Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo transversal sobre estilos de vida en adolescentes escolares. Se recogieron características sociodemográficas, datos clínicos, medidas antropométricas, hábitos dietéticos y de actividad física. Se utilizó una Regresión Lineal Múltiple para valorar la asociación entre los estilos de vida y el IMC, ajustados a posibles factores de confusión: sexo, edad, horas de sueño y tabaquismo.Resultados: Se analizaron 129 adolescentes (51,94% chicos) con una media de edad de 14,88 años. La prevalencia de exceso de peso fue del 32,80%, siendo mayor en los chicos comparados con las chicas. Un 59,70% de los adolescentes presentaron una dieta adecuada, y un 71,10% cumplen con las recomendaciones de actividad física de la OMS, siendo los chicos los que realizan mayor actividad física comparado con las chicas. Los adolescentes con exceso de peso obtuvieron menor puntuación de la calidad de la dieta y realizan menor actividad física que los normopeso. Además, el incremento en la puntuación de la calidad de la dieta (p-valor 0,013), horas de sueño al día (p-valor 0,032) y ser chica (p-valor <0,001), disminuyen el IMC.Conclusión: Observamos una prevalencia amplia de adolescentes con exceso de peso; y una menor calidad de la dieta y actividad física en este grupo. Además, existe una asociación entre los estilos de vida y el IMC en los adolescentes.
Vitamin D and reproductive health
Authors: Gorelova I. V. , Popova P. V. , Rulev M. V.
Published: December 2020

Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in women with infertility is more common than in the population. However, we still do not know the exact mechanisms for the participation of vitamin D in the regulation of reproductive function. The purpose of this study is to analyze actual literature data on the role of vitamin D in the regulation of reproductive system and its influence on using of assisted reproductive technologies for the treatment of infertility. A search was carried out for literary sources published in the NSBI database PubMed, Medline, and others with a search depth of up to 20 years. 135 sources on this topic were studied, of which 54 were included in the analysis. The review presents data obtained in animal studies, in vitro and in clinical studies. Thus, the absence of vitamin D resulted in a dramatical decrease in fertility in both female and male rats and mice, due to the development of hypocalcemia. In vitro studies describe its involvement in the receptive transformation of the endometrium and in the regulation of the immune response during embryo implantation. However, clinical studies often show conflicting results. There is no unequivocal data on the effect of vitamin D levels on spermogram parameters, but a decrease in the pregnancy rate was shown when ovulation was induced in pairs, where a vitamin D deficiency was revealed in men. A meta-analysis published in 2017 showed a decrease in the pregnancy and live birth rate in women with low levels of vitamin D after the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). It was not possible to establish whether this decrease depends on oocyte quality or endometrium. There is an opportunity that the effect of vitamin D deficiency on fertility will not come with all forms of infertility. For example, in women with anovulation due to polycystic ovary syndrome, vitamin D deficiency is demonstrated to decrease pregnancy rate in ovulation induction cycles and in ART. Such relationship was not found in women with unexplained infertility.Thus, the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of infertility requires further study, as well as the possibilities of therapy in order to increase the effectiveness of infertility treatment methods and assisted reproductive technology programs.
The use of long-acting somatostatin analogs in congenital hyperinsulinism
Authors: Novokreshhennyx E. E. , Gubaeva D. N. , Melikyan M. A.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Children with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI), a severe orphan disease, are still one of the most demanding patients in the endocrinology practice. The use of first- and second-line drugs is not always effective and has a number of restrictions. Lanreotide — long-acting somatostatin — represents an alternative insulinostatic therapy. The main advantage of lanreotide is stable concentration of the drug in the blood that enables minimizing the number of injections. However, the experience of using lanreotide in the treatment of CHI is limited to small groups of patients. There is also a problem of the absence of a standardized regimen in clinical practice; and the calculator for evaluating the initial effective drug dose is needed.AIM of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lanreotide therapy in the treatment of CHI in children.MATERIALS AND METHODS: An open single-center observational study was conducted on the basis of Endocrinology Research Centre. The study included diazoxide-unresponsive pediatric patients with CHI who were initially treated with octreotide in different modes: multiple daily subcutaneous injections or continuous subcutaneous infusion via pumps. The indicators of the effectiveness and safety of the lanreotide therapy were evaluated shortly after the first injection and lately on a regular visit after further injections.RESULTS: The study group included 12 patients. Persistent euglycaemia was achieved in 67% of the subjects (8/12). Complete effectiveness of the therapy was observed in 8/12 patients (67%), partial — in 3/12 (25%), and lack of effectiveness — in 1/12 of the patient (8%). The age of the patients at the time of lanreotide administration was 6 months (5; 15). According to the study, the most effective dose of lanreotide is 3.5-5.5 mg/ kg/ month. There were no significant side effects observed.CONCLUSIONS: The use of lanreotide in patients with diazoxide-resistant congenital hyperinsulinism was effective and safe in the vast majority of the patients. Moreover, we were able to calculate the effective dosage of lanreotide in CHI patients which fulfilled the clinical demand.
Early intensification of glucose-lowering therapy: VERIFY lessons and real clinical practice on the example of the Moscow region diabetes register data
Authors: Misnikova I. V. , Kovaleva Yu. A. , Gubkina V. A.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of T2DM is steadily increasing not only among the elderly, but also at a young age. T2DM is preceded by a long period of significant metabolic changes with the development of insulin resistance and в-cell dysfunction. To reduce the prevalence of complications, treatment is needed which affects several pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease. Monotherapy with metformin at the onset of T2DM is often insufficient. The VERIFY study demonstrated the advantage of early administration of a combination of vildagliptin and metformin in relation to the glycemic durability compared to the sequential intensification of metformin with vildagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes.AIMS: To assess the current situation in terms of the incidence of T2DM complications and the structure of the prescribing glucose lowering drugs based on the data from the Diabetes Register (DR) of the Moscow Region. To demonstrate the advantages of early combination therapy in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM using clinical cases.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data from the DR of the Moscow region, which is part of the National Diabetes Register of the Russian Federation, were used for the analysis. The data of 6,096 patients with T2DM who died in 2019 were evaluated for building the structure of the causes of death of patients with T2DM. The pattern of glucose-lowering therapy was analyzed based on data of 226,327 patients with T2DM (for 2020), as well as separately of 14,379 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM in 2019. Clinical cases are described based on the data of two patients with T2DM, available in the DR database and outpatient records.RESULTS: In patients with young onset T2DM (<40 years), the prevalence of severe complications is higher than in the general population of patients with T2DM: blindness is in 5.9 times, end-stage chronic renal failure in 2.9 times, lower limb amputations in 6.4 times more. When prescribing glucose lowering drugs, monotherapy is prevalent, mostly metformin. In double combination, metformin is used in 96.22% of cases. In the structure of glucose lowering drugs, with newly diagnosed T2DM, combination therapy is used less frequently than in patients with T2DM in general. Of the drugs of the IDP-4 group, vildagliptin is most often prescribed — 46.25% (including of a fixed combination with metformin — 12.22%). Clinical cases reflect a rapid clinical outcome: a decrease in HbA1c to the target in 6 months, the absence of hypoglycemia or other side effects, and positive weight dynamics.CONCLUSIONS: A fairly large propotion of patients with T2DM are on monotherapy with glucouse lowering drugs. Early prescription of the combination of metformin plus vildagliptin provides a longer maintenance of glycemic control without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain for patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.
Arquivos e Produção de Conhecimentos Históricos e Educacionais na Contemporaneidade:
Authors: Koyama Adriana Carvalho , De Carvalho Cunha Nara Rúbia , Tito Tolentino Thiago Lenine
Published: December 2020

Adriana Carvalho Koyama é professora, historiadora, arquivista e pesquisadora em educação, com uma rica experiência profissional em diversos setores: gestão e educação em arquivos, gestão escolar, docência na educação básica e no ensino superior e pesquisa. Reunindo um sólido e diversificado arcabouço teórico-metodológico, ela vem tematizando o arquivo enquanto espaço de memória e elemento de produção de conhecimentos históricos e educacionais nas diversas frentes em que se desdobra sua trajetória profissional. Este texto foi produzido a partir de um conjunto de questões elaboradas pelos organizadores do dossiê temático Arquivos: teoria e ensino em diálogo com diferentes públicos e gentilmente respondidas pela professora Adriana Carvalho Koyama.  O ponto de partida foi sua densa pesquisa sobre sites de arquivos públicos do Brasil e de outros países da Europa e América do Norte, na qual problematiza a produção de conhecimentos histórico-educacionais na interface com arquivos no universo virtual.

Palavras-chave: Arquivo. História. Conhecimento. Educação.
Reflexões iniciais sobre a terminologia designativa de área e subáreas do Português para Falantes de Outras Línguas
Authors: Lisboa Joel Victor Reis
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo traçar reflexões iniciais sobre a terminologia designativa da área e de potenciais subáreas de atuação do Português para Falantes de Outras Línguas (PFOL), a partir de dados oriundos de um estudo exploratório realizado. Nossos posicionamentos e reflexões de ordem teórica estão embasados pela Terminologia (CABRÉ, 1999; FREIXA, 2002; KRIEGER; FINATTO, 2004; FERNÁNDEZ-SILVA, 2011, dentre outros), ao passo que a Linguística de Corpus foi utilizada como metodologia para obtenção e análise de dados. Por meio deste  estudo exploratório, identificamos uma diversidade de unidades fraseológicas especializadas utilizadas como designadoras da área e de possíveis subáreas do PFOL, bem como verificamos uma alta variação terminológica (formal e conceitual). Os dados e reflexões apresentados neste artigo indicam tópicos a serem investigados ou desenvolvidos em futuras pesquisas sobre a terminologia designativa do PFOL, como a realização de uma padronização terminológica formal e conceitual, a sistematização da árvore de domínio da área, a investigação das motivações das variações formais e conceituais, bem como a análise das consequências conceituais da variação formal  e as consequências formais da variação conceitual no escopo do PFOL.
Pengalaman Mahasiswa Tuli di Ruang Komunal Universitas Mercu Buana
Authors: Harahap Rachmita Maun , Lelo Lelo
Published: December 2020

Deaf students have their characteristics in carrying out social interactions. Their distinctive social interactions influence the communal space setting on the Meruya campus of Mercu Buana University. This study uses a qualitative method and derives its approach from the emerging concept of deaf space architecture. Data were collected by mapping the behavior of deaf students, observation, and interviews. The results showed that behavior, activities, and spatial dimensions influenced the formation of communal spaces. Deaf students tend to rely on visual senses, which are controlled by spatial experiences in their activities. Deaf students tend to choose a gathering room that can provide easy access to move, which includes distance and density (deaf space), sensory reach, mobility, and the ability to provide high visibility to find out the presence of lecturers and an accessible parking area.[Mahasiswa Tuli memiliki karakteristik tersendiri dalam melakukan interaksi sosial. Interaksi sosial mereka yang khas mempengaruhi setting ruang komunal di kampus Meruya Universitas Mercu Buana. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deaf space. Data dikumpulkan melalui pemetaan perilaku mahasiswa Tuli, observasi, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan ruang komunal dipengaruhi oleh perilaku, aktivitas, dan dimensi ruang. Mahasiswa Tuli cenderung mengandalkan indra visual yang dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman ruang dalam beraktivitas. Mahasiswa Tuli cenderung memilih ruang berkumpul yang mampu memberikan kemudahan akses bergerak yang meliputi jarak dan kerapatan (deaf space), jangkauan sensori, mobilitas dan kemampuan memberikan visibilitas yang tinggi untuk mengetahui kehadiran dosen serta area parkir yang aksesibel.]
Pemenuhan Hak Difabel di UIN Sunan Kalijaga dan Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta
Authors: Juwantara Ridho Agung
Published: December 2020

This study aims to reveal efforts to fulfill the rights of people with disabilities at Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University (UIN) and Atma Jaya University, Yogyakarta. Data collection was carried out by interview, observation, and document study. Interviews were conducted with university leaders, heads of service units, lecturers, and students with disabilities. The results showed that: 1) UIN Sunan Kalijaga has made accessible rules and policies, while Atma Jaya University has not had a real policy; 2) The physical facilities and infrastructure on both campuses are quite accessible. However, there is still a need to expand accessibility in all faculties; 3) Fulfillment of resources and behavior on both campuses can reduce environmental barriers typically faced by people with disabilities.[Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap upaya pemenuhan hak difabel di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga dan Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Data diperoleh dari para pimpinan kampus, kepala unit layanan, dosen, dan mahasiswa difabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) UIN Sunan Kalijaga sudah membuat aturan dan kebijakan yang aksesibel, sedangkan Universitas Atma Jaya belum mempunyai kebijakan yang nyata; 2) Sarana dan prasarana fisik di kedua kampus sudah cukup aksesibel, namun masih dibutuhkan perluasan dan pemerataan di semua fakultas; 3) Pemenuhan sumber daya dan perilaku di kedua kampus sudah dapat mereduksi hambatan lingkungan yang biasanya dihadapi oleh para difabel.]