bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Childhood Masturbation: A Case Report and Literature Review for Treatment
Authors: Lestari Ade Febrina , Sitaresmi Mei Neni , Ridhayani Firda
Published: March 2024

Background: Masturbation is normal sexual behavior. However, masturbation in childhood is rarely discussed in the research. Childhood masturbation or gratification disorder, is characterized by self-stimulation of genitalia in prepubescent children. However, childhood masturbation often stops if the child is distracted, and spontaneous recovery within two years in most cases Generally, no drug therapy is required for childhood masturbation unless it is very frequent or excessive and it affects the daily functionality of the child. Regarding the treatment of childhood masturbation, we highlight the fact that evidence-based therapy for childhood masturbation is lacking due to unclear standard guidelines on it. We need a path of therapy that can help doctors in the management of childhood masturbation. Case: Here we reported two cases of excessive childhood masturbation from a 3-year-old and a 10-month-old female patient who were brought by their mother to the outpatient clinic pediatric, Academic Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, with a complaint of stretching by flexing the legs and rubbing on her genital part Risperidone as one of the drug therapies for this case and present a good outcome. Additionally, this article also provides literature reviews on childhood masturbation treatment that may guide clinicians in its evaluation and management. Conclusion:  We conclude that behavioral treatment is the common strategy for childhood masturbation.  The treatment, as well as behavioral and drug therapeutic strategies, should be considered to achieve an effective outcome.
Research on the Theme of Creativity in D. H. Lawrence’s Works
Authors: WANG Dong
Published: March 2024

The theme of creativity is a common theme in D. H. Lawrence’s main novels, including Sons and Lovers, The Rainbow, Women in Love and Lady Chatterley’s Lover. Sons and Lovers remains blurry in the possibility of true creative fulfillment. In The Rainbow, Lawrence begins to ponder over creativity clearly. Lawrence’s Women in Love handles the theme of creativity in a more dismal and realistic way. The novel Lady Chatterley’s Lover does not directly portray the realistic societal level within the process of creativity. It only portrays creative self-renewal on a personal level. If seen as the sole means to creative fulfilment, the process of sextual exploration has its great limits.
Communism and Complexity: A dichotomous study of Iqbal Singh in Khushwant Singh's Novel, Train to Pakistan
Authors: Sheikh Imran Ahmad , Khushi Khushi
Published: March 2024

This research paper delves into the complex character of Iqbal Singh in “Train to Pakistan.” As a representative of the People’s Party of India and a communist, he is dispatched to Mano Majra to address socio-economic issues. The narrative explores his interactions, distinct urban traits, and the challenges he faces in a rural setting. Iqbal’s commitment to communism is evident as he discusses poverty, corruption, and societal disparities. His perspective on crime emphasizes its societal roots, challenging conventional views on criminality. The paper also highlights Iqbal’s iews on population control, hygiene, and his disillusionment with societal norms. The character’s disdain for Indian cultural aspects, including religion, Yoga, art, and music, reflects his staunch communist ideology. His skepticism towards metaphysical beliefs and indifference to values underscore a profound internal conflict. The narrative delves into Iqbal’s encounters with the police, his detention, and the societal issues he grapples with in Mano Majra. The research elucidates Iqbal’s role as a missionary striving to avert violence during the partition, emphasizing his dedication to communism. However, it notes his limited understanding of India’s diverse religious traditions, exposing a certain immaturity in his perspective. Overall, the paper navigates Iqbal’s multifaceted character, exploring the intersections of ideology, social dynamics, and personal growth within the context of “Train to Pakistan.”
A Critical Study on Transformation of Conventional Offline Learning to Online Education
Authors: Rai Dr. Supriya , Kakubal Shreya , Jitendra Oswal Isha , Sakariya Manav , Mathew Simran , Khaleel Zoya Amina
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The advent of online education has ignited debates concerning its potential to entirely supplant traditional offline educational methods. This research paper delves into the multifaceted discourse surrounding the possible transformation of education landscapes, exploring whether online learning will gradually render conventional offline methods obsolete. Through an exhaustive analysis of existing literature and emerging trends. The study critically examines the dynamics that underpin both online and offline education. The research paper scrutinises the strengths and limitations of both educational approaches, considering factors such as effectiveness, accessibility, student engagement and socio-economic disparities. It delves into the capacity of online education to offer flexible learning environments, personalised instruction and a global reach, while also acknowledging the irreplaceable value of face-to-face interactions, practical experiences and physical campus resources that offline education provides.
Design and Fabrication of Solar Dryer
Authors: Kumar Katta Nikhil , Shivaraj Gorlakadi , Nishanth Bandi , Swathi Dharmarapu , Naik Santosh Madeva
Published: March 2024

bstract: In a present modern busy life leading by the people, they are showing interest in eating readymade food items which can be instantly cooked and also save their time .In these readymade food items dried ingredients (fruits and vegetables) are used for long term preservative purpose .The drying of food products are done by traditional method which is called as "Direct sun drying". Which takes more time to dry with less efficiency and also due to open sun drying process hygiene is less due to dust particles present in the atmosphere. To overcome these circumstances solar dryer is one of the alternative method used for drying food products. A detailed study is done on the present Solar dryer on it’s performance & efficiency and also some developments of new technologies are done. So, that the factors like drying effect, performance, efficiency & temperature storing capacity can be increased and also innovative IOT temperature sensor are used to track the temperature readings according to the weather conditions.
SP Mean Difference Labeling for Y and Graphs
Authors: Shalini P
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This paper discusses SP Mean difference labeling and the development of a formula for SP Mean difference. A function  is called a SP Mean difference labeling of a graph G with q edges, if  is a function from the vertices of G to the
Utilizing the HEC-HMS Model for Hydrological Modelling of the Rambiara Watershed: Rainfall and Runoff Estimation
Authors: Pandit Dr. Bashir Ahmad
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Hydrological modelling and flood prediction are essential components of the Rambiara watershed's water resource management. To improve disaster preparedness and reduce the danger of flooding in the area, the effectiveness of the HEC HMS model in flood forecasting must be assessed. In this study, various techniques for estimating rainfall are examined, and a customized hydrological model tailored to the hydrological complexities of the Rambiara watershed is developed. The goal of this project is to provide practical insights for better flood risk reduction and water resource management through the integration of cutting-edge modelling tools and rigorous analysis. This work advances our knowledge of watershed dynamics and provides guidance for sustainable water resource planning projects in the Rambiara watershed and beyond by thoroughly examining precipitation patterns and hydrological processes. In addition, the research takes into account a number of factors related to flood behaviour, such as determining places that are vulnerable to flooding, analysing the size of floods, and estimating how frequently they occur. By taking a holistic approach, it is possible to gain a thorough understanding of the dynamics of flooding in the Rambiara watershed, which paves the way for the development of efficient flood risk management techniques. This study looks into the temporal and spatial variability of rainfall in the Rambiara watershed in addition to research on floods. Through the comparison of several methods for estimating rainfall, including deterministic and geostatistical approaches, the study offers valuable insights into the precision and dependability of rainfall data, which are essential for hydrological modelling and flood forecasting. The hydrological processes of the Rambiara watershed can be more accurately represented by creating a bespoke hydrological model with the HEC HMS program. Informed decision-making and proactive flood risk reduction strategies are made possible by the study's model calibration and validation, which guarantee the model's dependability in simulating runoff and forecasting flood events. Overall, this study advances our knowledge of flood dynamics in the Rambiara watershed and advances hydrological modelling tools. The goal of this study is to promote sustainability and resilience in the face of hydrological hazards by offering practical insights for managing water resources and reducing the danger of flooding.
Examining Various ML Approaches in Blockchain for Fraud Detection
Authors: Novah T. Nihith
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Fraudulent transactions significantly impact blockchain network trust and the economy. Traditional consensus methods (e.g., proof of work or proof of stake) can't confirm the identity of participants, leaving the network susceptible to fraud. Machine learning algorithms offer a potential solution to detect fraudulent transactions and participants. Fraudulent exchanges in the blockchain economy deter investors and raise skepticism. This study explores the effectiveness of controlled AI and deep learning models in identifying fraudulent transactions and users, integrating machine learning with blockchain technology.
Predicting Diabetes in Pregnant Woman and Neonatal Mellitus in New Born Child Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ranjith Mr. J. , Jyoshna M. , Mahendra G. , Laxman H.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: One of the main causes of health issues for expectant mothers and their unborn children is diabetes during pregnancy. Machine learning is a crucial technique for estimating the probability of such a development based on the provided data, as gestational diabetes might advance to permanent diabetes. Pregnancyrelated diabetes may be predicted by the current study, but neonatal diabetes risk cannot be predicted. Therefore, in order to deliver the most precise results about diabetes persistence in pregnant women and to enhance the forecasting of neonatal mellitus, new characteristics are needed. This may be accomplished with the use of Python scripting and machine learning techniques like K Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machines, and Logistic Regression. The preprocessed machine learning dataset on diabetes was gathered via Kaggle and came from the Pima Indian diabetes database. Additionally, the project's dataset now includes two additional attributes. Research suggests that machine learning models using features like SVM and decision trees may be able to accurately predict a pregnant woman's probability of developing diabetes. Numerous variables have been employed to forecast when this illness may manifest during pregnancy..
News-Letter Generator
Authors: Nagaveni N. , Vennela G. Laxmi , Bhavana S. , Babu S. Kiran
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Present day communication techniques depend intensely on bulletins to associate businesses with their groups of onlookers and share vital data in an locks in and outwardly engaging way. Be that as it may, manual pamphlet creation can be time-consuming and restrain the integration of energetic visual components. This venture leverages the capabilities of the OpenAI GPT-3.5 Turbo show to introduce an inventive arrangement that robotizes the method of creating bulletin substance, counting content and pictures, whereas giving a user-friendly front-end interface. The integration of the OpenAI GPT 3.5 Turbo demonstrate with the user-friendly front-end interface and visual substance handling speaks to a critical progression in computerized bulletin era. By combining AI-driven copywriting with energetic visual components, businesses can productively make locks in substance. A pamphlet that successfully passes on your message and captivates your group of onlookers. This extend bridges the hole between programmed substance era and imagination.
Niosomal Drug Delivery System used in Tuberculosis
Authors: Shanker Oma , Chanana Arsh , Gupta Pooja , Narayan Aditya , Kulkarni Yukta R. , Patel Akhilesh , Havelikar Ujwal , Mahato Bhabesh , Singh Ravindra Pal , Chawra Himmat Singh , Mishra Anurag
Published: March 2024

Niosomes are artificially manufactured vesicles made of Cholesterol and Non-ionic surfactant. Their capacity to encapsulate a broad variety of pharmaceuticals and shield them from deterioration has piqued interest in drug delivery. Niosomes have demonstrated a possible use in the administration of anti-tuberculosis medications. Worldwide, tuberculosis is a serious public health concern. Even with advances in science and technology, tuberculosis remains a persistent problem.Niosomes can encapsulate anti-TB drugs, protecting them from enzymatic degradation and allowing for sustained release. Research in this field is on-going, with scientists working on optimizing niosomal formulations for tuberculosis treatment. It's important to consult current scientific literature for the latest advancements. Some anti-tubercular drugs face challenges in terms of absorption and bioavailability. Niosomal delivery systems can help address these issues. While niosomal drug delivery systems show promise, it's crucial to note that they are still an area of active research and specific formulations and protocols may vary. Patients should always consult with their healthcare providers for the most appropriate and up-to-date treatment options for tuberculosis. Niosomes can encapsulate both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, offering advantages such as increased drug stability, prolonged circulation time, controlled release, and targeted delivery. They have applications in various fields including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and agriculture.

Keywords: Tuberculosis, Niosomes, Drug delivery system
Synthesis and characterizations of Hg (II) Complex of Macrocyclic complexes compounds Tetradecahydrodibenzo hexaazacyclooctadecine with HgX2 (X= Cl, Br) by Hirshfeld analysis and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Jaiswal Amit , Pal Anil Kumar , Sahu Dharmendra Kumar , Kumar Ranjeet
Published: March 2024

This study examines the synthesis and characterization of a macrocyclic complex molecule having the general formula [M-LX2], where M =Hg (II) with schiff base Tetradecahydrodibenzo hexaazacyclooctadecine ligands. Resulted from the interaction between mercury and the diethyl triamine and benzene- 1, 2 diol in an ethanolic solution. Schiff base and its novel mercury (II) Complexes were studied vibrational in the solid state using spectral, 1H-NMR, IR, UV, and antimicrobial activity approaches. We were able to establish the coordination mode of the metal in complexes by comparing the changes in the ligands' and complexes' FT-IR and UV-Visible spectra.

Keywords: MERCURY (II), Schiff bases, IR, 1H-NMR, PXRD Spectroscopy.
The Correlation Between Stigma and Mental Health Disorders in People Living with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Dave Pallav
Published: March 2024

Stigma remains a significant challenge for people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA) despite the advances that have been made in HIV care and treatment. It is known to affect health care outcomes including care seeking habits and medication adherence. In addition to contributing to poor health outcomes, stigma is known to increase the risk of developing mental health disorders. Various researchers have found a correlation between stigma and mental health disorders including depression, anxiety, mental distress, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidal ideation. The aim of this review is to explore the association between stigma and mental health disorders in PLWHA. It identifies common mental health disorders found in people living with HIV and how these disorders are linked to stigma. The review also identifies how stigma and mental health disorders affect healthcare outcomes of PLWHA. The review concludes by providing a number of measures that can help to end stigma and improve overall health outcomes of PLWHA.

Keywords: stigma, HIV-related stigma, HIV/AIDS, mental health disorders, people living with HIV/AIDS
Metode Moora sebagai Model Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dalam Optimalisasi Proses Penerimaan Karyawan Baru
Authors: Thanri Yanyang , Tanti Lili , Safrizal Safrizal , Riza Bob Subhan , Iriani Juli , Lubis Nety Juwita
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menerapkan metode Moora—Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis—dalam proses penerimaan karyawan baru. Proses ini adalah pilihan strategis yang memerlukan pertimbangan berbagai kriteria untuk memastikan bahwa karyawan yang dipilih sesuai dengan kebutuhan perusahaan. Menurut penelitian ini, sejumlah kriteria yang relevan untuk penerimaan karyawan baru termasuk kualifikasi pendidikan, pengalaman kerja, kepribadian, dan kemampuan berkomunikasi. Setiap kriteria dinilai berdasarkan tingkat kepentingannya bagi perusahaan. Setelah itu, metode Moora digunakan untuk memberikan peringkat kepada setiap kandidat karyawan berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Metode ini menggunakan perbandingan rasio untuk menghitung skor relatif dari masing-masing alternatif. Hasil penilaian ini diberikan kepada tim manajemen sumber daya manusia atau pihak yang berwenang dalam pengambilan keputusan. Dalam studi kasus ini, metode Moora diuji pada data penerimaan karyawan sebuah perusahaan. Hasil analisis peringkat dikombinasikan dengan evaluasi tambahan, seperti wawancara, tes keterampilan, dan referensi, untuk membuat keputusan terakhir tentang mengambil karyawan baru. Studi ini memberikan dasar bagi penelitian lebih lanjut tentang metode pengambilan keputusan Moora. Diharapkan bahwa penerapan metode ini dalam proses penerimaan karyawan baru dapat meningkatkan objektivitas dan efisiensi pengambilan keputusan serta memastikan bahwa perusahaan mempekerjakan karyawan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan nilai perusahaan.
Review Lean Manufacturing: Faktor Produksi 4M dan Aspek QCD
Authors: Nurlaila Qomarotun , Putri Nilda Tri , Amrina Elita
Published: March 2024

Lean Manufacturing (LM) terbukti bisa meningkatkan daya saing perusahaan. Perkembangan penelitian LM bisa dilihat dari tren penelitian tiap tahun pada ScienceDirect. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah menemukan celah penelitian dari 39 artikel. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur yaitu dengan mereview artikel berdasarkan nama jurnal, nama negara, sektor industri, faktor produksi 4M, aspek QCD dan Lean Tools (LT). Penerapan LM pada industri manufaktur (95%) sedangkan UKM (5%), mayoritas diterapkan pada faktor Method dan minoritas pada faktor Material, semua membahas aspek Cost dan paling sedikit membahas aspek Delivery. LT yang paling sering digunakan adalah Kaizen, VSM, TPM, Cause and effect analysis, Tack Time. LT yang hanya digunakan sekali adalah DOE, QS, MCD, ERP. Ditemukan celah penelitian yaitu penelitian pada sektor industri UKM, faktor produksi Material serta aspek Quality.
Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Reagent di Laboratorium Quality Control Perusahaan Farmasi Menggunakan Metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)
Authors: Chaeroni Mahardika , Rizkiyah Nyimas Desy
Published: March 2024

Perusahaan farmasi merupakan produsen vitamin dan obat-obatan. Quality Control adalah bagian krusial dalam memastikan kualitas obat serta menjaga integritas perusahaan. Salah satu faktor yang harus diperhatikan untuk mencegah terhambatnya proses Quality Control adalah ketersediaan reagent. Kekurangan reagent akan mengakibatkan laboratorium tidak bisa melakukan analisis sampel, sehingga waktu analisis akan ditunda. Penundaan analisis berdampak pada mundurnya lead time pengujian hingga satu bulan sehingga batch produk yang terdampak tidak dapat rilis tepat waktu. Manajemen persediaan reagent di laboratorium Quality Control objek penelitian masih belum optimal sehingga seringkali terjadi kesalahan yang mengakibatkan kelebihan atau kekurangan reagent. Maka perlu pengendalian persediaan yang optimal menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). Hasil analisis persediaan reagent antara metode EOQ dengan metode perusahaan menunjukan bahwa persediaan reagent apabila menggunakan metode sebelumnya atau tradisional biaya persediaan sebesar Rp 4.204.944,51 dan apabila menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity biaya persediaan sebesar Rp 3.450.046,57. Sehingga perusahaan dapat melakukan penghematan sebesar Rp 754.897,94 dengan persentase 17,95%.
Pengaruh Self-Efficacy Career Terhadap Perencanaan Karier Peserta Didik di SMA Gemolong
Authors: Rosyid Muhammad Irfan
Published: March 2024

Melalui studi pendahuluan dengan Guru BK ditemukan bahwa peserta didik kelas XI belum terlalu memikirkan perencanaan karier dengan mengetahui bakat dan minat dirinya. Di sisi lain, dibutuhkan adanya keyakinan dari dalam diri dan usaha untuk mencapai tujuan karier peserta didik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat self-efficacy career dan perencanaan karier serta untuk menganalisis besarnya pengaruh antara self-efficacy career terhadap perencanaan karier peserta didik kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Gemolong. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik memiliki self-efficacy career yang tinggi, perencanaan karier yang rendah, serta terdapat pengaruh self-efficacy career terhadap perencanaan karier pada peserta didik kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Gemolong. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji parsial sampel diperoleh t hitung sebesar 10.630, jika sampel (N=81) dengan taraf kesalahan 5% diperoleh t tabel 1.671 maka t hitung > t tabel berarti dapat dikatakan adanya pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara self-efficacy career dengan perencanaan karier pada peserta didik kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Gemolong. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara self-efficacy career terhadap perencanaan karier peserta didik kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Gemolong.
The Influence of Principal Pedagogical Competence and School Culture on Student Character Development in Madrasah
Authors: Juminah Juminah , Lian Bukman , Putra Alhadi Yan
Published: March 2024

The school culture of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah is full of character development, and the role of the Principal as an educator with Pedagogical Competence is predicted to be able to develop students' character significantly. This study aims to prove the influence of the Principal's pedagogical competence and school culture on students' character development in Madrasah. The research was conducted through quantitative methods. The population and sample of the study were 60 people, taken from the entire madrasa academic community in Plaju District. Analysis of the data used is the Multiple Regression Test. The results showed that the Principal's pedagogical competence and school culture simultaneously significantly affected character development. However, based on the partial analysis, the Principal's pedagogical competence is less influential than the teacher's performance in character development.Â
Islamic Guidance: Synergy and Collaboration of Islamic Teacher and Guidance and Counseling Teacher in Shaping Students' Religious Character at SDN 09 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Novriyana Yola , Alimni Alimni
Published: March 2024

In reality, what happens in the world of education is moral decline. The existing education seems more oriented towards the transfer of knowledge and neglects the cultivation of moral and ethical values. The purpose of this study was to determine the synergy and collaboration of Islamic teachers and guidance and counseling teachers in shaping students' religious character at SDN 09 Bengkulu City. This research is field research, this research method is not directed to explain the relationship nor does it predict or implicate what will happen when a variable is manipulated. This research was conducted at SDN 09 Bengkulu City in 2023. Data collection used observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis used interactive analysis model of Miles & Huberman. The conclusion of the research shows the strategy and collaborative islamic teacher and guidance and counseling teacher in instilling religious character to students by acting as educators, learning resources, facilitators, models, advisors and motivators. The implications of this research can be used as consideration and reference material for Islamic teachers and guidance and counseling teachers, and further researchers both theoretically and practically
Predicting the habitat suitability and niche dynamics of two Ziziphus species in response to climate change
Authors: Behzadi Saeed , Ghanbarian Gholam Abbas , Khosravi Rasoul , Safaeian Roja , Pourghasemi Hamid Reza
Published: March 2024

Climate change, a global threat of utmost significance, has the
potential to trigger shifts in biodiversity distribution and the
emergence of novel ecological communities. For species with limited
dispersal abilities or geographical barriers within their range, niche
conservatism can further constrain their ability to colonize and thrive
in future suitable habitats, rendering them more vulnerable to the
effects of global climate change. In this study, an ensemble modeling
framework and climatic niche dynamics analysis were employed to forecast
the impact of climate change on climatic niche dimensions and
transferability of two indicator species, namely, Ziziphus spina-christi
and Ziziphus nummularia, in Iran. Our analysis revealed that, under
optimistic and pessimistic climate change scenarios, the habitat
suitability for Z. spina-christi will expand during 2041-2070 and
2071-2100, predominantly towards higher latitudes. In contrast, Z.
nummularia is anticipated to experience a general decline in habitat
suitability during the same periods and climate scenarios, resulting in
the loss of portions of its southern range. Our examination of climatic
niche dynamics unveiled a relatively low observed niche overlap between
the two species. Randomization tests further underscored the adherence
of these species to their historical niches, suggesting challenges in
adapting to changing climatic conditions. The integration of predictive
models and niche dynamics analysis indicates that these species may
encounter difficulties migrating to the tracked niches in distant
habitats due to their preserved niches. Given the high sensitivity of
arid ecosystems to environmental disturbances and slow recovery rates,
the repercussions for arid land biodiversity are indeed profound and
irrevocable. Conservation and management measures, including identifying
priority areas and creating artificial habitats, are crucial to protect
these species’ habitats.The study’s conclusions are valuable for
biodiversity conservation authorities, local stakeholders, and
individuals dedicated to preserving Ziziphus habitats within the study
area.
Supporting effect of landscape characteristics of urban green ecotone on avian community: A case study of Huangshan City Center
Authors: Liang jinpeng , Yu Chao , Jiang Xiaofan , Liu Ruiqi , Tan Yuxin , Du Zhaojie , zhang jingnan
Published: March 2024

Urban green ecotone plays an increasingly important role in supporting
avian communities. Research on ecotone primarily focuses on large scale
and mesoscale effects, leaving small-scale relationships between
interface mutations and avian communities poorly understood. This study
focused on small-scale urban green spaces and examined 29 sample plots
from four urban green spaces in downtown Huangshan, observing bird
species and numbers as indicators of avian communities. Landscape
patterns such as patch area, density, diversity index, and vegetation
characteristics such as vertical forest structure, coverage, evergreen,
deciduous, flowering, and fruits plants were selected as factors
affecting bird diversity in urban green ecotones. The results showed
that 1) ecotone area exhibited a rich composition of avian communities,
including greater species diversity and numbers than that in the pure
forest area. 2) Ecotone zones showed distinct characteristics—higher
patch density and diversity index—indicating rich land-use types and
spatial heterogeneity, supporting bird species diversity. While tree and
deciduous species appeared similar between the ecotone zone and pure
forest area, significant differences were notable in forest facies,
cover, shrubs, evergreen, flowering and fruit plants. The coverage value
of the ecotone sample was lower than that of the pure forest sample but
higher than that of the pure forest sample in terms of forest facies,
shrubs, evergreens, and fruit plants. 3) Bird species observed in the
ecotone area showed significant correlation with shrubs (r=0.284,
p<0.01), leaf litter (r=0.261, p<0.01), patch
density (r=0.326, p<0.01), and patch index (r=0.361,
p<0.01). A negative correlation was noticed with coverage
(r=-0.262, p<0.01), though it did not significantly affect
bird species. These findings will hopefully help refine the spatial
layout patterns of urban green spaces and optimize plant allocation for
enhanced environmental impact.
Interactions between internal tides and turbidity currents: an under-recognized process in deep-marine stratigraphy?
Authors: Soutter Euan L , Kane Ian A , Hunt James Edward , Huvenne Veerle , Charidemou Miros Stavros James , Garnet Rebecca , Edwards Michael , Bett Brian J , Mienis Furu , Hall Rob Alan , Gates Andrew R , Wolfe Morgan , Clare Michael Andrew
Published: March 2024

Deep-sea currents transfer sediment, nutrients, and pollutants, which
drive climatic, ecological and geomorphological variation in the global
ocean. The complex interaction of downslope currents and internal tides
in submarine canyons has meant that interpreting their stratigraphic
record and therefore reconstructing oceanic environments through
geological time has proven challenging. We integrate flow measurements
with sediment core observations from the Whittard Canyon, to determine
whether the stratigraphic signature of turbidity current and internal
tide interaction is preserved. Sand is transported by turbidity currents
and re-worked by internal tides, forming a suite of characteristic
deposits; near-bed flow measurements show that turbidity currents
superposed on internal tides collectively exceed a critical bed shear
stress for mobilizing fine sand at least 1% of a year, suspending
sediment tens of meters above the bed over longer periods. Using these
observations, we present a framework to recognize this interaction in
the stratigraphic record.
EFEITOS DA FOLGA FINANCEIRA NO DESEMPENHO DE EMPRESAS NO PERÍODO DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Tronco Paula Borges , Marquezan Luiz Henrique Figueira , Degenhart Larissa , Velho Maria Laura Pereira , Zonatto Vinicius Costa da Silva
Published: March 2024

Este estudo analisa a influência da folga financeira no desempenho econômico de empresas listadas na B3 durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Realizou-se pesquisa descritiva, documental e quantitativa, com dados de 308 companhias, do segundo trimestre de 2016 ao terceiro trimestre de 2020. Os resultados revelam que os efeitos da folga no desempenho ocorrem em forma de U invertido, apontando para um nível intermediário de folga como melhor prática. Contrariando o esperado, não foram encontradas contribuições adicionais da folga na pandemia. Ao consumir a folga acumulada, as companhias prejudicaram a rentabilidade, sendo ainda mais penalizadas durante a pandemia, contrariando expectativas dos efeitos do uso de recursos acumulados para tais momentos. Contribui ao discutir sobre a atenção da gestão em identificar limites mínimos e máximos de folga, e os riscos do consumo dos recursos acumulados.
The cyclical nature of dualistic trends in urban design. Historical analysis of the creative attitudes of selected masters over the centuries
Authors: Paulina Filas-Zając  , Jacek Kwiatkowski
Published: March 2024

In this article, the authors raise issues of dualistic solutions in urban design and city development. It should be noted at the outset that the very concept of duality is not obvious and is inherently ambiguous. The numerous definitions that exist are very general. We can distinguish several disciplines and scientific areas where the concept of dualism occurs or can appear. At the same time, the definition of each of these phenomena will be different, depending on the area in which it occurs. Hence, the authors have made a far-reaching reduction in the types of dualisms, narrowing the area of research to the creative attitudes of urban planners, philosophers of space, artists, and architects in historical terms. The aim of the search for dual features in spatial forms is to find the key to a better understanding of the laws governing urban planning and urbanisation processes. Verification of opposites and dual characteristics takes place on three levels: community, form, and function. The urban conditions that occur contribute to the creation of new qualities and new spatial forms, which help redefine the city and its development. The paper is based on the thesis that dualism is a permanent feature of spatial solutions (a recurring feature) across the spectrum of history.
Determination of nutrition index and correlation with activity of lupus nephritis
Authors: Rabrenovic Violeta , Petrovic Milica , Rabrenovic Milorad , Rancic Nemanja
Published: March 2024

Background/Aim. Lupus nephritis (LN), as an immuno-inflammatory kidney lesion and the most severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is accompanied by a disorder of nutritional status of patients. The aim of our study was to determine the importance of parameters of nutritional status [nutritional risk index (NRI), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT)] and their association with standard parameters of LN activity. Methods. The clinical study included a group of 92 participants: 67 patients with LN (34 patients had LN active disease ? the LNa group, and 33 patients were in LN remission ? the LNr group) and 25 healthy subjects in the control group. In addition to standard laboratory parameters and LN activity parameters, derived parameters were also determined: PNI = 10 ? serum albumin value (g/dL) + 0.005 ? total lymphocyte count/mm3; N RI = 1 .519 ? serum albumin value (g/dL) + 41.7 ? present weight (kg)/usual body weight (defined as stable body weight for last six months) (kg); CONUT score = serum albumin value (g/dL) + total lymphocyte count/mm3 + total cholesterol level (mmol/L). Results. A statistically significant difference between all three groups was observed for the PNI (p = 0.001) and the CONUT score (p = 0.000), while there was no significant difference for NRI. In the LNa group, a statistically significant correlation was found for PNI in relation to albumin, complement C 3 and C 4, and a statistically significant negative correlation with the level of anti-double stranded (ds) DNA antibodies (Abs). NRI had a statistically significant correlation only with proteinuria in the LNa group. CONUT showed significant correlations with most of the parameters of disease activity: negative correlation with albumin and complement C3 (p = 0.000), and positive correlation with anti-dsDNA Abs (p = 0.002), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index/renal (SLEDAI/r), and proteinuria g/24 hrs (p = 0.000). Conclusion. A statistically significant difference was observed between the groups for the nutrition score CONUT and the PNI. Their correlation with standard parameters of active disease was significant for most parameters in the group of patients with LNa.
A new standardization-based ranking method for generalized trapezoidal picture fuzzy numbers
Authors: Günay Akdemir , Aydin Semiha
Published: March 2024

A generalized fuzzy number (GFN), whose height is not necessarily 1, is used
in situations when expert opinions are not completely reliable. This
subnormality complicates operations based on the extension principle.
Moreover, complexity is inherited in non-standard fuzzy numbers (FNs). This
paper aims to present a unified approach for comparing generalized and
trapezoidal types of FNs, intuitionistic FNs (IFNs), and picture FNs (PFNs).
If some of the hesitation, neutrality, and refusal are assumed to be
resolved, then the uncertainty is reduced while making a non-standard FN
standardized. The method uses the weighted average membership function
(WAMF) to standardize generalized IFNs (GIFNs) and generalized PFNs (GPFNs).
WAMF employs parameters describing the behavioral patterns when
decision-makers encounter situations involving risk. Then, the ranking
process can be continued with the calculation of the centroid point of the
resulting GFN. One of the main advantages of this approach is that the
computations are straightforward due to the presence of piecewise linearity,
enabling us to employ numerical integration. Furthermore, we adapt
operations for generalized trapezoidal PFNs (GTPFNs) to mitigate the
counter-intuitive consequences resulting from utilizing the minimum
operator. The effectiveness of the method is discussed through benchmarks
and its implementation in multi-attribute decision-making (MADM).
Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy According to Subtype of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Pedersen Frederik N. , Stokholm Lonny , Andersen Nis , Andresen Jens , Bek Toke , Hajari Javad , Heegaard Steffen , Højlund Kurt , Kawasaki Ryo , Laugesen Caroline S. , Möller Sören , Schielke Katja , Nielsen Jens Steen , Stidsen Jacob V. , Thomsen Reimar W. , Thinggaard Benjamin , Grauslund Jakob
Published: March 2024

Type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous disease that can be subdivided on the basis of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity. We investigated the presence, incidence, and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) according to subtypes of type 2 diabetes. In a national cohort, we identified three subtypes of type 2 diabetes: classical, hyperinsulinemic, and insulinopenic type 2 diabetes, based on HOMA2 measurements. From the Danish Registry of Diabetic Retinopathy we extracted information on level of DR. We used several national health registries to link information on comorbidity, medications, and laboratory tests. We found individuals with hyperinsulinemic type 2 diabetes were less likely to have DR at entry date compared with those with classical type 2 diabetes, whereas individuals with insulinopenic type 2 diabetes were more likely to have DR. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, individuals with hyperinsulinemic type 2 diabetes had a decreased risk of both incidence and progression of DR compared to those with classical type 2 diabetes. We did not find any clear difference in risk of incident or progression of DR in individuals with insulinopenic compared to classical type 2 diabetes. These findings indicate that subcategorization of type 2 diabetes is important in evaluating the risk of DR.

Article Highlights
Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen viitearkkitehtuuri 2024–2030
Authors: Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen koordinaatio
Published: March 2024

Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen viitearkkitehtuuri on laadittu Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen kansallisen ohjausryhmän sekä opetus-ja kulttuuriministeriön aloitteesta. Viitearkkitehtuuri mahdollistaa avoimen tieteen ja tut­kimuksen hallitun kehityksen ja reagoimisen jatkuvassa muutok­sessa huolehtien tutkimuksen rakenteiden vakaudesta tärkeänä tutkimuksen mahdollistajana.
Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen viitearkkitehtuuri perustuu Avoi­men tieteen ja tutkimuksen julistuksessa esitellyille päämäärille sekä julistuksen päämääriä täsmentäville linjauksille ja niiden määrittämille tavoitteille ja toimenpiteille. Tarvittaessa arkkitehtuuria täydennetään kansainvälisten avoimen tieteen virtaus­ten, kuten UNESCOn Avoimen tieteen suosituksen pohjalta.
AVOTT-viitearkkitehtuurin on laatinut Avoimen tieteen ja tutki­muksen kansallisen ohjausryhmän perustama kaksivuotinen työryhmä. Työryhmän tehtävänantoa valmisteli keväällä 2021 ohjausryhmän nimeämä valmisteluryhmä. Työryhmän puheen­johtajiston muodostivat Jukka Heikkilä, Professoriliitto (1 pj vuonna 2022) ja Susanna Nykyri, Tampereen yliopisto (1 pj vuonna 2023). Työryhmän sihteereinä toimivat Ilmari Jauhiai­nen, TSV ja Marita Kari, TSV. AVOTT-viitearkkitehtuuri oli julkisella kommentoinnilla 17.4.–2.6.2023.
Aproximación a las nuevas dinámicas del Modelo Bancario Tradicional en Colombia frente al Modelo Fintech. 2021
Authors: Vega Zuluaga Juan David , Restrepo Calle Luis Fernando
Published: March 2024

El propósito de la presente investigación es realizar una aproximación a las nuevas dinámicas del Modelo Bancario Tradicional en Colombia Frente al Modelo Fintech, revisando fuentes primarias y secundarias actualizadas sobre el tema, atendiendo a la opinión de expertos en el tema disponibles en la web, construyendo finalmente un posible rumbo o dinámica del sector en Colombia. La investigación es de carácter descriptivo y para el logro de los objetivos propuestos se utilizaron dos instrumentos de recolección de información, como son el análisis de la opinión de expertos en el área de fintech, y la observación directa de los indicadores de los entes de control y supervisión, así como de las empresas que conforman el ecosistema local. Se logra determinar que la aparición de las fintech del sector financiero, originan una relación colaborativa, complementaria o asociativa, de acuerdo a las particularidades de cada Startup, y permiten una manera diferente de presentar y ofrecer un nuevo portafolio de servicios de las entidades financieras tradicionales y con décadas de presencia en el mercado. Así mismo, la masificación del internet, la creciente interacción en la red, la reducción de costos y gastos operativos en sus procesos, se convierte en la mayor de sus ventajas, siendo catapultadas algunas fintech del sector financiero por la pandemia. El interés de la banca tradicional frente a las fintech es mutuo, pues la unión de las dos se convierte en una fuente de ventaja competitiva en el mercado financiero cuando se logra una integración efectiva entre las necesidades de uno (banca tradicional) y los desarrollos tecnológicos y conectividad del otro (las fintech). Con relación a los beneficios y riesgos de la llegada de las fintech a Colombia, se considera que algunos de los mayores beneficios están relacionados con las diferentes técnicas de verificación de identidad y así evitar el desplazamiento a las diferentes entidades y sucursales financieras por parte de los usuarios.  Otro de los beneficios que han ayudado a la consolidación de las fintech, está relacionado con el tiempo de activación de un producto o servicio financiero, que es menor en las fintech y con menos tramitología.
La nueva realidad: microempresarios casanareños frente al primer año de convivencia con el COVID-19. Instrumento de diagnóstico, análisis de impacto e identificación de estrategias innovadoras para la recuperación del sector.
Authors: Gonzalez Villar Armando , Martínez Vargaz Magda Yolima
Published: March 2024

El proyecto busca generar innovación, investigación y desarrollo tecnológico para el Centro Agroindustrial, y Fortalecimiento Empresarial de Casanare, la comunidad educativa, los microempresarios de la región y la comunidad en general, a través de la elaboración del diagnóstico que nos permita caracterizar el sector microempresarial del área urbana y rural del departamento, e identificar las principales afectaciones en materia de ventas y empleo, ante la contingencia del covid-19 y su impacto generado en el tejido microempresarial, un año después de su convivencia, teniendo en cuenta que para la reactivación económica se requieren esencialmente estrategias concretas que logren incrementar el capital de trabajo y la adopción de modelos de negocio flexibles, modernos y adaptados en el sector microempresarial como principal fuente de empleo.
Cosecha de paz
Authors: Ojeda Robert , Monroy Pinzón Mariana
Published: March 2024

En este artículo se analiza la evolución de las organizaciones que hay dentro de tres regiones que optaron por la producción de café junto con los excombatientes del conflicto armado. Es así que, se propone a través de un análisis comparativo, puntualizar en categorías importantes para la representación del alcance y desarrollo de cada proyecto a nivel nacional y mundial. Debido a eso, se hará una conceptualización del contexto colombiano, y el respectivo análisis de la posible efectividad que ha tenido a lo largo del 2015-2021 la implementación de estos proyectos. Esta revisión permitirá determinar qué tan reciproco y útil ha sido la participación de estos grupos en la producción de café, con fin de mitigar el conflicto.
Uso de la biomasa como alternativa de generación eléctrica en zona no interconectada del departamento del Cauca
Authors: Rendón Leal Mariana , Muñoz España Elena , Obando Diaz Francisco Franco
Published: March 2024

Dentro del contexto de la estrategia denominada "Planes de Energización Rural Sostenible (PERS) Cauca", una iniciativa liderada por el Instituto de Planificación y Promoción de Soluciones Energéticas (IPSE) y la Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética (UPME), la cual tiene como enfoque principal la creación de soluciones sostenibles que brinden servicios de energía a las regiones rurales desconectadas de la red eléctrica nacional. El Grupo de Investigación en Automática de la Universidad del Cauca ha concentrado sus esfuerzos en evaluar la viabilidad de uso de la biomasa residual agrícola, generada en el proceso de producción de panela en el trapiche de la vereda López Adentro, ubicado en Caloto, Departamento del Cauca. Para este estudio, se utilizó el software Homer Pro donde se simuló el sistema propuesto, en el cual se contrastaron las variable técnica y económica con respecto a la alternativa de conexión a la red eléctrica nacional. Los resultados indicaron que el sistema con biodigestor alimentado con el bagazo generado por el trapiche, es capaz de abastecer la demanda de la carga y su implementación es un 37.8% más costosa que el valor de conexión a la red nacional.
Security and Human Rights in Eastern Europe. New Empirical and Conceptual Perspectives on Conflict Resolution and Accountability
Authors: Poulsen Niels Bo
Published: March 2024

Security and Human Rights in Eastern Europe. New Empirical and Conceptual Perspectives on Conflict Resolution and Accountability samler bidrag fra et projekt foretaget i 2021 ved Stockholm Centre for Eastern European Studies. Projektet, som analyserede forskellige aspekter af menneskerettigheder og sikkerhed i Østeuropa, blev igangsat for at understøtte det svenske OSCE-formandskab samme år.  
Security and Human Rights in Eastern Europe. New Empirical and Conceptual Perspectives on Conflict Resolution and Accountability is an anthology of contributions from a project carried out in 2021 at the Stockholm Center for Eastern European Studies. The project, which analyzed various aspects of human rights and security in Eastern Europe, was initiated to support the Swedish OSCE chairmanship in the same year.