bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Method Approach for Quantification of Surface Coatings on Commercial Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials
Authors: Kunc Filip , Kodra Oltion , Brinkmann Andreas , Lopinski Gregory P. , Johnston Linda J.
Published: April 2020

Surface functionalization is a key factor for determining the performance of nanomaterials in a range of applications and their fate when released to the environment. Nevertheless, it is still relatively rare that surface groups or coatings are quantified using methods that have been carefully optimized and validated with a multi-method approach. We have quantified the surface groups on a set of commercial ZnO nanoparticles modified with three different reagents ((3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane, caprylsilane and stearic acid). This study used thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) of evolved gases and quantitative solution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for quantification purposes with 13C-solid state NMR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to confirm assignments. Unmodified materials from the same suppliers were examined to assess possible impurities and corrections. The results demonstrate that there are significant mass losses from the unmodified samples which are attributed to surface carbonates or residual materials from the synthetic procedure used. The surface modified materials show a characteristic loss of functional group between 300–600 °C as confirmed by analysis of FT-IR spectra and comparison to NMR data obtained after quantitative release/extraction of the functional group from the surface. The agreement between NMR and TGA estimates for surface loading is reasonably good for cases where the functional group accounts for a relatively large fraction of the sample mass (e.g., large groups or high loading). In other cases TGA does not have sufficient sensitivity for quantitative analysis, particularly when contaminants contribute to the TGA mass loss. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and solid state NMR for selected samples provide support for the assignment of both the functional groups and some impurities. The level of surface group loading varies significantly with supplier and even for different batches or sizes of nanoparticles from the same supplier. These results highlight the importance of developing reliable methods to detect and quantify surface functional groups and the importance of a multi-method approach.
A Novel Nanocomposite of Activated Serpentine Mineral Decorated with Magnetic Nanoparticles for Rapid and Effective Adsorption of Hazardous Cationic Dyes: Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies
Authors: Seliem Moaaz K. , Barczak Mariusz , Anastopoulos Ioannis , Giannakoudakis Dimitrios A.
Published: April 2020

A widely distributed mineral, serpentine, obtained from Wadi Ghadir (Eastern Desert in Egypt) was studied as a potential naturally and abundantly available source for the synthesis of an efficient adsorbent for aquatic remediation applications. A novel nanocomposite was synthesized after the exfoliation of the layered structure of serpentine by hydrogen peroxide treatment (serpentine (SP)), followed by decoration with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNP). The goal behind the utilization of the latter phase was to increase the environmental remediation capability and to incorporate magnetic properties at the final adsorbent, toward a better separation after the use. The fabricated composite (MNP/SP) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The composite’s potential adsorption application toward the removal of two cationic dyes, methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG), was investigated. The observed adsorption kinetics was fast, and the highest uptake was observed at pH = 8, with the capacities to reach 162 and 176 mg g−1 for MB and MG, respectively, values significantly higher than various other materials tested against these two cationic dyes. Compared to hydrogen peroxide-treated serpentine, the removal efficiency of the composite was higher by 157 and 127% for MB and MG, respectively. The MB and MG were adsorbed because of the favorable electrostatic interactions between MNP/SP active sites and the cationic dyes. The close value capacities suggest that the difference in chemistry of the two dyes does not affect the interactions, with the later occurring via the dyes’ amine functionalities. With increasing ionic strength, the adsorption of the studied basic dyes was slightly decreased, suggesting only partial antagonistic ion effect. The sorbent can be easily regenerated and reused without significant deterioration of its adsorption efficiency, which makes MNP/SP a promising adsorbent for the removal of hazardous pollutants from aquatic environments.
Facile In Situ Photochemical Synthesis of Silver Nanoaggregates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Applications
Authors: Yin Zhen , He Huilin , Wang Zhenming , Fang Xiaoguo , Xu Chunxiang , Luo Dan , Jiang Shouzhen , Liu Yan Jun
Published: April 2020

Recently, photochemical synthesis has attracted wide interest on in situ preparing the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate with excellent performance, especially in a compact space and microfluidic channel. Herein, a facile, green and cost-effective approach to in situ photochemically synthesize silver nanoaggregates is demonstrated for SERS applications. By adjusting the photo-irradiation conditions, the morphologies and sizes of the silver nanoaggregates can be deliberately tailored. The synthesized silver nanoaggregates-based substrates exhibit a highly sensitive and reproducible SERS activity with a low detection limit of 10−8 M for 4-Aminothiophenol detection and relative standard deviation of 12.3%, paving an efficient and promising route for in situ SERS-based rapid detection in the environmental monitoring and food quality control.
Tunable Fano Resonance and Enhanced Sensing in a Simple Au/TiO2 Hybrid Metasurface
Authors: He Zhihui , Xue Weiwei , Cui Wei , Li Chunjiang , Li Zhenxiong , Pu Lihui , Feng Jiaojiao , Xiao Xintao , Wang Xuyang , Li and Gang
Published: April 2020

We investigate Fano resonances and sensing enhancements in a simple Au/TiO2 hybrid metasurface through the finite-different time-domain (FDTD) simulation and coupled mode theory (CMT) analysis. The results show that the Fano resonance in the proposed simple metasurface is caused by the destructive interaction between the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and the local surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), the quality factor and dephasing time for the Fano resonance can be effectively tuned by the thickness of Au and TiO2 structures, the length of each unit in x and y directions, as well as the structural defect. In particular, single Fano resonance splits into multiple Fano resonances caused by a stub-shaped defect, and multiple Fano resonances can be tuned by the size and position of the stub-shaped defect. Moreover, we also find that the sensitivity in the Au/TiO2 hybrid metasurface with the stub-shaped defect can reach up to 330 nm/RIU and 535 nm/RIU at the Fano resonance 1 and Fano resonance 2, which is more than three times as sensitive in the Au/TiO2 hybrid metasurface without the stub-shaped defect, and also higher than that in the TiO2 metasurface reported before. These results may provide further understanding of Fano resonances and guidance for designing ultra-high sensitive refractive index sensors.
Sodium Imbalance in Mice Results Primarily in Compensatory Gene Regulatory Responses in Kidney and Colon, but Not in Taste Tissue
Authors: Lossow Kristina , Meyerhof Wolfgang , Behrens Maik
Published: April 2020

Renal excretion and sodium appetite provide the basis for sodium homeostasis. In both the kidney and tongue, the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is involved in sodium uptake and sensing. The diuretic drug amiloride is known to block ENaC, producing a mild natriuresis. However, amiloride is further reported to induce salt appetite in rodents after prolonged exposure as well as bitter taste impressions in humans. To examine how dietary sodium content and amiloride impact on sodium appetite, mice were subjected to dietary salt and amiloride intervention and subsequently analyzed for ENaC expression and taste reactivity. We observed substantial changes of ENaC expression in the colon and kidney confirming the role of these tissues for sodium homeostasis, whereas effects on lingual ENaC expression and taste preferences were negligible. In comparison, prolonged exposure to amiloride-containing drinking water affected β- and αENaC expression in fungiform and posterior taste papillae, respectively, next to changes in salt taste. However, amiloride did not only change salt taste sensation but also perception of sucrose, glutamate, and citric acid, which might be explained by the fact that amiloride itself activates bitter taste receptors in mice. Accordingly, exposure to amiloride generally affects taste impression and should be evaluated with care.
2′-Fucosyllactose Supplementation Improves Gut-Brain Signaling and Diet-Induced Obese Phenotype and Changes the Gut Microbiota in High Fat-Fed Mice
Authors: Lee Sunhye , Goodson Michael , Vang Wendie , Kalanetra Karen , Barile Daniela , Raybould Helen
Published: April 2020

Obesity is characterized by fat accumulation, chronic inflammation and impaired satiety signaling, which may be due in part to gut microbial dysbiosis. Manipulations of the gut microbiota and its metabolites are attractive targets for obesity treatment. The predominant oligosaccharide found in human milk, acts as a prebiotic with beneficial effects on the host. However, little is known about the beneficial effects of 2′-FL in obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the beneficial effects of 2′-FL supplementation on the microbiota-gut-brain axis and the diet-induced obese phenotype in high fat (HF)-fed mice. Male C57/BL6 mice (n = 6/group; six weeks old) were counter-balanced into six weight-matched groups and fed either a low-fat (LF; 10% kcal as fat), HF (45% kcal as fat) or HF diet with 2′-FL (HF_2′-FL) at 1, 2, 5 and 10% (w/v) in drinking water for six weeks. General phenotypes (body weight, energy intake, fat and lean mass), cecal microbiome and metabolites, gut-brain signaling, intestinal permeability and inflammatory and lipid profiles were assessed. Only 10% 2′-FL, but not 1, 2 or 5%, decreased HF diet-induced increases in energy intake, fat mass and body weight gain. A supplementation of 10% 2′-FL changed the composition of cecal microbiota and metabolites compared to LF- and HF-fed mice with an increase in Parabacteroides abundance and lactate and pyruvate, respectively, whose metabolic effects corresponded to our study findings. In particular, 10% 2′-FL significantly reversed the HF diet-induced impairment of cholecystokinin-induced inhibition of food intake. Gene expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 in the cecum were significantly downregulated by 10% 2′-FL compared to the HF group. Furthermore, 10% 2′-FL suppressed HF diet-induced upregulation of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, a transcription factor for adipogenesis, at the gene level. In conclusion, 10% 2′-FL led to compositional changes in gut microbiota and metabolites associated with improvements in metabolic profiles and gut-brain signaling in HF-fed mice. These findings support the use of 2′-FL for modulating the hyperphagic response to HF diets and improving the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus and Host Interaction by the Complement System
Authors: Yoo Seung-Min , Lee Myung-Shin
Published: April 2020

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) modulates the immune response to allow the virus to establish persistent infection in the host and facilitate the development of KSHV-associated cancer. The complement system has a central role in the defense against pathogens. Hence, KSHV has adopted an evasion strategy for complement attack using the viral protein encoded by KSHV open reading frame 4. However, despite this defense mechanism, the complement system appears to become activated in KSHV-infected cells as well as in the region surrounding Kaposi’s sarcoma tumors. Given that the complement system can affect cell fate as well as the inflammatory microenvironment, complement activation is likely associated with KSHV pathogenesis. A better understanding of the interplay between KSHV and the complement system may, therefore, translate into the development of novel therapeutic interventions for KSHV-associated tumors. In this review, the mechanisms and functions of complement activation in KSHV-infected cells are discussed.
In Vivo Demonstration of the Superior Replication and Infectivity of Genotype 2.1 with Respect to Genotype 3.4 of Classical Swine Fever Virus by Dual Infections
Authors: Huang Yu-Liang , Tsai Kuo-Jung , Deng Ming-Chung , Liu Hsin-Meng , Huang Chin-Cheng , Wang Fun-In , Chang Chia-Yi
Published: April 2020

In Taiwan, the prevalent CSFV population has shifted from the historical genotype 3.4 (94.4 strain) to the newly invading genotype 2.1 (TD/96 strain) since 1996. This study analyzed the competition between these two virus genotypes in dual infection pigs with equal and different virus populations and with maternally derived neutralizing antibodies induced by a third genotype of modified live vaccine (MLV), to simulate that occurring in natural situations in the field. Experimentally, under various dual infection conditions, with or without the presence of maternal antibodies, with various specimens from blood, oral and fecal swabs, and internal organs at various time points, the TD/96 had consistently 1.51−3.08 log higher loads than those of 94.4. A second passage of competition in the same animals further widened the lead of TD/96 as indicated by viral loads. The maternally derived antibodies provided partial protection to both wild type CSFVs and was correlated with lower clinical scores, febrile reaction, and animal mortality. In the presence of maternal antibodies, pigs could be infected by both wild type CSFVs, with TD/96 dominating. These findings partially explain the CSFV shift observed, furthering our understanding of CSFV pathogenesis in the field, and are helpful for the control of CSF.
Relationship between 2-Hour Tacrolimus Concentrations and Clinical Outcomes in Long Term Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Yin Jeffrey , Hsu Tammy , Kerr Janice S , Steiner Robert , Awdishu Linda
Published: April 2020

Background: Tacrolimus is routinely monitored using trough concentrations, however, recent data have suggested that area under the curve (AUC) provides better correlation with toxicity and efficacy. Area under the curve is cumbersome to measure, but studies have demonstrated that surrogate time points such as 2-hour concentrations are well correlated with AUC. Methods: This is a single center, retrospective study of adult kidney transplant recipients with 2-hour tacrolimus concentrations measured over three years post-transplant. The primary outcome was to determine the difference in serum creatinine (Scr) in those with 2-hour tacrolimus concentrations greater than 20 ng/mL versus those less than or equal to 20 ng/mL. Results: A total of 150 kidney transplant recipients were included. The mean Scr and glomerular filtration rate were 1.49 ± 1.01 mg/dL and 59 ± 23.2 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively, for the entire cohort. The rate of donor specific antibody formation was 2% and 8% experienced biopsy-proven rejection. The rate of cytomegalovirus viremia was 2% and BK viremia was 13%. There was no significant difference in kidney function over 36 months for the groups specified a priori. Conclusions: Long-term outcomes of maintaining tacrolimus 2-hour concentrations over 20 ng/mL is favorable with minimal opportunistic infections.
Examining Yam Production in Response to Climate Change in Nigeria: A Co-Integration Model Approach
Authors: Angba Cynthia W. , Baines Richard N. , Butler Allan J.
Published: April 2020

This study addressed yam production in response to climate change in Cross River State using a co-integration model approach. The specific objectives of this paper are to analyze the trend in yam production, annual precipitation, and annual temperature, and to analyze the impact of climate variables on yam production. Time-series data from 1996 to 2017 was used. Based on the analysis, which constituted a linear trend analysis, co-integration test, and error correction model, the study came up with robust findings. The linear trend analysis for yam production revealed a steady increase in output between the years 2005 and 2016. The result of the rainfall trend analysis showed the presence of rainfall variability and irregularity. The trend line for temperature showed an overall downward trend for the period under study. However, the Error Correction Model result showed that temperature was statistically significant and negatively impacted yam production. The study recommends that policymakers should take appropriate steps to encourage the development of pest- and disease-tolerant yam varieties because an increase in temperature leads to the proliferation of insects, pests, and diseases.
Perancangan Sistem Multi Computer Numerical Control (CNC) untuk Plotter dan Laser Engraving
Authors: Sobirin Diki Muhamad , Utama Jana
Published: April 2020

ABSTRAK – Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat CNC yang memiliki 2 fungsi dalam 1 sistem. Dengan memanfaatkan USB serial untuk komunikasi antara komputer dan mikrokontroler. Program untuk mengoperasikan CNC dirancang dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak LabVIEW, program akan mengkonversi gambar menjadi G-Code dan mengirim G-Code ke dalam sistem CNC untuk melakukan proses plotter  atau laser engraving. CNC Plotter dapat membuat sebuah pola gambar pada kertas dengan bolpoin secara otomatis. Sedangkan CNC Laser Engraving dapat membuat sebuah gravir pada kayu dengan memanfaatkan panas laser, panas laser akan mengikis permukaan kayu secara otomatis. Dalam merancang multi CNC 2 buah motor stepper digunakan sebagai akuator penggerak sumbu, dan untuk penggerak bolpoin menggunakan motor servo. Adapun laser yang digunakan untuk gravir kayu menggunakan dioda laser berdaya 500 mw. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dalam penelitian ini, Program pada LabVIEW dapat mengkonversi gambar menjadi G-Code laser, dan program dapat mengirim G-Code ke dalam sistem CNC, sehingga CNC dapat melakukan proses grafir laser pada kayu serta dapat mengatur ketebalan grafir sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Adapun kecepeatan pemakan ideal  50-500 mm / menit dan kecepatan pemakan maksimal 2000 mm / menit. Sementara itu,  CNC Plotter dapat mencetak sebuah gambar bidang berbentuk kotak dengan ukuran terkecil 2 mm x 2 mm, dan lingkaran dengan diameter terkecil 2 mm dengan tingkat akurasi 100%. Maksimal dimensi gambar yang dapat dikerjakan Multi CNC ini 300 mm x 300 mm.

Kata Kunci – Multi CNC, LabVIEW, G-Code, Mikrokontroler.
Pengukuran Performa Pengiriman Data Absensi Menggunakan Simple Object Access Protocol dan ZKEM Control Pada Mesin Fingerprint
Authors: Alviana Sopian
Published: April 2020

Penggunaan mesin fingerprint sebagai akses data absensi telah banyak digunakan, baik oleh organisasi maupun perusahaan. Pada penerapannya, setiap data absensi disimpan pada mesin fingerprint, kemudian data tersebut dapat ditarik dengan berbagai system dan diolah secara lebih lanjut. Terkadang, beberapa pengembang aplikasi menggunakan aplikasi yang sudah ada untuk proses pengambilan data absensi secara manual maupun dengan aplikasi yang sudah ada kemudian dilakukan pengolahan data dengan aplikasi yang telah dibuat. Proses manual biasanya dilakukan dengan pengambilan data menggunakan media penyimpanan seperti flashdisk kemudian melakukan proses ekspor data kedalam database. Selain itu, dapat menggunakan metode dengan memanfaatkan fasilitas yang sudah disediakan yaitu dengan fasilitas simple object access protocol dan ZKEM control. Pada penelitian membandingkan performa kedua fasilitas tersebut dalam mengirimkan data absensi dari mesin fingerprint ke database. Performa yang diukur adalah kecepatan waktu pengiriman data dan ketepatan jumlah data yang dikirimkan oleh mesin fingerprint. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini bahwa pengiriman data absensi dengan menggunakan fasilitas simple object access protocol dan ZKEM control mempunyai ketepatan data yang sama. Sedangkan, dari segi waktu pengiriman fasilitas ZKEM control dapat mengirimkan data 50% lebh cepat dibandingkan dengan menggunakan simple object access protocol.
Income and Mental Well-Being of Middle-Aged and Older Americans: Immigrants’ Diminished Returns
Authors: Assari Shervin
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Although income is among the major social determinants of mental health of middle-aged and older individuals, socially marginalized groups gain less health from their income and other socioeconomic status (SES) resources compared to socially privileged groups. This pattern is called marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs). Most of the existing knowledge on MDRs, however, has been derived from studies that have defined marginalization based on race, ethnicity, or sexual orientation. As a result, very limited information exists on whether similar MDRs can be observed for middle-aged and older immigrants or not. Building on the MDRs framework, this study compared a national sample of immigrants and non-immigrants for the effects of income on the mental well-being of middle-aged and older adults in the United States. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) enrolled 14149 middle-aged and older individuals who were either immigrants (n=1977; 14.0%) or non-immigrants (n=12166; 86.0%). The independent variable (IV) was income that was treated as a continuous variable. The dependent variable was mental well-being, also treated as a continuous variable. Age, gender, race, ethnicity, education, marital status, employment, self-rated health, obesity, and region were confounders. Immigration (nativity status) was the moderator. Logistic regression was applied for data analysis. Results: High income was associated with higher odds of good mental well-being in middle-aged and older adults. However, immigration showed a significant statistical interaction with income, which was suggestive of a smaller protective effect of high income on mental well-being for immigrant than non-immigrant middle-aged and older adults. Conclusion: In line with MDRs, the association between income and mental well-being is weaker for immigrant than non-immigrant middle-aged and older adults. There is a need to help high income immigrants secure health outcomes similar to those of non-immigrants. Such changes may require bold and innovative economic, public, and social policies that help immigrants more effectively translate their income and socioeconomic resources into tangible outcomes such as mental well-being.
Assessment of Co‑Creativity in the Process of Game
Design
Authors: Romero Margarida , Arnab Sylvester , De Smet Cindy , Mohamad Fitri , Minoi Jacey-Lynn , Morini L.
Published: April 2020

We consider game design as a sociocultural and knowledge
modelling activity, engaging participants in the design of a
scenario and a game universe based on a real or imaginary
socio‑historical context, where characters can introduce life
narratives and interaction that display either known social
realities or entirely new ones. In this research, participants of
the co‑creation activity are Malaysian students who were working in
groups to design game‑based learning resources for rural school
children. After the co‑creativity activity, the students were
invited to answer the co‑creativity scale, an adapted version of the
Assessment Scale of Creative Collaboration (ASCC), combining both
the co‑creativity factors and learners’ experiences on their
interests, and difficulties they faced during the co‑creativity
process. The preliminary results showed a high diversity on the
participants’ attitudes towards collaboration, especially related to
their preferences towards individual or collaborative work.
Pembuatan Edible Film Antibakteri Berbahan Dasar Pektin Albedo Semangka, Sagu, dan Ekstrak Bawang Putih
Authors: Yulistiani Fitria , Kurnia Dianty Rosirda Dewi , Agustina Miranti , Istiqlaliyah Yaumi
Published: April 2020

Edible film berbahan dasar pati memiliki kelemahan pada sifat kuat tarik, elastisitas, dan kemampuan antimikroba. Sifat-sifat tersebut dapat ditingkatkan dengan menambahkan pektin, pemlastis, dan aditif. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pembuatan edible film dari pektin albedo semangka dengan penambahan sorbitol dan gliserol sebagai bahan pemlastis, tepung sagu sebagai tambahan sumber pektin, dan ekstrak bawang putih sebagai aditif antimikroba. Variasi yang dilakukan adalah penambahan ekstrak bawang putih (0% ; 2,5% ; 5% ; 7,5% ; 10%) dan jenis pemlastis (gliserol dan sorbitol). Karakteristik yang diamati meliputi kuat tarik, perpanjangan, dan zona hambat bakteri. Edible film dengan karakteristik terbaik yaitu kuat tarik 366,4 kgf/cm2, perpanjangan 35,4%, dan zona hambat bakteri 16,5 mm (metode sumuran) adalah sampel dengan konsentrasi ekstrak bawang putih 10% dan pemlastis gliserol.
Penentuan Tekanan dan Waktu Optimum dalam Pembuatan Serbuk Telur menggunakan Oven Vakum
Authors: Widyanti Emmanuela , Kusumawati Endang , Sukmana Argit Fajar , Mudzakkir Zaki Maulana Ahmad
Published: April 2020

Penelitian tentang pengeringan telur ayam menggunakan oven vakum dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kondisi terbaik dari serbuk telur, sehingga kualitas tidak berubah. Penelitian pendahuluan dalam mendapatkan air dalam kesetimbangan, menggunakan metode tray drying, dilakukan pada suhu 44°C untuk menjaga degradasi protein. Air dalam telur mencapai kesetimbangan sebesar 4,84%. Penentuan tekanan optimum dilakukan pada oven vakum, dengan variasi tekanan 80, 160, 240, 320, 400 mbar Absolut, didapatkan pada 80 mbar Absolut, yaitu terjadi pengurangan massa telur 33,76 g dan kadar air sebesar 4,76%. Variasi waktu pengeringan pada menit ke 40, 80, 120, 160, dan 200, didapatkan penurunan massa telur pada menit ke 160 sebesar 37,87 g dengan kadar air sebesar 1,12%. Analisis kadar protein serbuk telur menggunakan spektrofotometri metode biuret, didapatkan peningkatan 15,37 – 80,66% dan lemak menggunakan ekstraksi soxhlet terjadi penurunan dari 43,53 - 37,47%. dari menit 80 sampai 160. Penampilan serbuk telur setelah 25 hari menunjukkan hasil yang baik, karena tidak berubah warna, bau dan fisik.
MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF nrDNA ITS REGION AFFECTED HETEROSIS IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus)
Authors: & et al Kanoosh
Published: April 2020

A study was conducted to specify mutations of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)  in the nucleotides of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) and their molecular relationship with heterosis exhibited by the six A- lines and three R-testers of sunflower. The trail was conducted at the fields of the College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Abu Ghraib during two seasons (spring and fall 2016). Parental lines were crossed according to lineΧtester crossing scheme to produce 18 single hybrids, genotypes were sown to assess their phenotypic performance in the fall season. Results of the molecular analysis of ITS sequencing showed that the rearrangement of single nucleotides had accumulated in a higher rate in the F1 hybrids compared with their ancestor inbreds. The total number of mutations was 268, and deletion mutations accounted for the largest proportion with 209 mutation (71 in lines and 138 in hybrids). In contrast, the transition mutations were 25 all occurred in the hybrids, however the number of transversions recorded 17only. Based on DNA sequence of the nrDNA ITS region the total genotypes were separated into two main groups in cluster analysis following the nearest neighbor method. There was a significant convergence between R2 and both A4ΧR2 and A6ΧR3 hybrids scoring higher values of similarity in context ITS sequence. To be specific, the hybrid A2ΧR3 exhibited the best desirable heterosis for days to 75% flowering and leaf area, while hybrid A5ΧR3 had the highest heterosis for head traits, height and area.
Security in Grid Based Robot Navigation using REST
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Raja
Published: April 2020

Security in web services
Diabetes Research: Open Access - Editorial
Authors: SM Kuşkonmaz
Published: April 2020

Diabetes is a worldwide health issue affecting about 415 million people at present and more and more sufferers are expected to be seen in near future. The physicians working in the field of diabetes certainly have to update their knowledge about the disease, its complications and managent strategies. Moreover physicians who are not directly involved in the follow up and management of diabetes-such as orthopedic surgeons, ophtalmologists, neurologists, cardiologists and doctors who deal with transplant medicine- will surely encounter diabetic patients in daily practice because of various aspects of the disease presentation.
A Child with Right Complete Ureteral Duplication Revealed by Sepsis in Northern Benin: A Case Report
Authors: F Agbeille Mohamed , J Agossou , I Gandaho , MG Kpanidja , A Noudamadjo , JD Adédémy
Published: April 2020

Upper urinary tract abnormalities are relatively common and may be diagnosed before or at birth. Some cases will be seen during complications that most often are obstructive. We herein report one case of complete right ureter duplication revealed by sepsis. The case involved one little girl aged 3 years, referred from a peripheral health center for prolonged fever. Physical examination found out a right flank mass connecting with the lumbar spine, renal ballottement, and pain due to a blow to the right flank. Further explorations helped establish the diagnosis of complete duplication of the right ureter with the destruction of the upper renal pelvis. Little girl benefitted from a dual antibiotic therapy combined with partial nephrectomy of the right kidney upper pole. Infectious are serious complications in upper urinary tract obstructions resulting in kidney destruction; therefore, early diagnosis is required.
Levetiracetam modulates hypoxia-induced inflammation and oxidative stress via inhibition of TRPV1 channel in the DBTRG glioblastoma cell line
Authors: ERTILAV Kemal
Published: April 2020

Hypoxia (HPX) induces mitochondrial oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in brain and neurons. Ca2+ permeable TRPV1 channel is gated by capsaicin and reactive oxygen species (ROS), although its activity was decreased in neurons by antioxidants. LEV has been used as antiepileptic drug in the treatment of epilepsy. LEV inhibited voltage gated calcium channels via its antioxidant property in neurons. Hence, it may modulate HPX-induced ROS, inflammation and apoptosis via inhibition of TRPV1 in the DBTRG cells. The DBTRG glioblastoma cells were divided into four groups as control, LEV (100 µM and 24 hours), and HPX and LEV+HPX. HPX in the cells was induced by using CoCl2 (200 µM and 24 hours). HPX-induced intracellular Ca2+ response to TRPV1 activation was increased in the cells from capsaicin, although it was reduced by the LEV and TRPV1 blocker (capsazepine). LEV treatment improved intracellular Ca2+ responses, mitochondrial function, suppressed the generation of cytokine (IL-1β, and TNF-α) and ROS in the cells. Apoptosis, lipid peroxidation level, caspase -3 and -9 activities were increased in the cells exposed to the HPX, although glutathione peroxidase activity and reduced glutathione level were decreased by the HPX. However, they were modulated in the cells by LEV treatment. In DBTRG neuronal cells exposed to HPX conditions, the neuroprotective effects of LEV were shown to be exerted via modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and TRPV1 channel. LEV could be used as an effective agent via modulation of TRPV1 in the treatment of neurodegeneration exposure to HPX.
IDENTIFIKASI MAHASISWA UNDERACHIEVER (STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWA SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SUNAN KALIJAGA)
Authors: Dalimunthe Kariamin
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan faktor-faktor dan penyebab mahasiswa underachiver pada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan model pendekatan penelitian studi kasus. Adapun metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa saintek UIN Sunan Kalijaga, yang terindikasi mengalami underachiever. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab underachiver ini sangat kompleks mulai dari masalah keluarga, teman sebaya, psikologis, fasilitas kampus, kurangnya motivasi serta game online. Mahasiswa underachiever sejatinya adalah individu yang berbakat atau memilki potensi lebih,  namun mengalami  permasalahan sehingga tidak bisa menunjukan prestasinya dengan baik. Telah banyak penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya mengenai anak underachiever namun belum sepenuhnya memperjelas fenomena tersebut apalagi dikalangan mahasiwa, sehingga perlu dilakukan indentifikasi lebih lanjut. Identifikasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui penyebab permasalahan mereka, hasil ini diharapkan bisa dipakai oleh para pelaku dan mereka yang berkecimpung di dunia pendidikan dengan tujuan bisa mengoptimalkan potensi yang mereka miliki.
Impact of Employer Branding on Employee Engagement in BPO Sector in India With the Mediating Effect of Person-Organisation Fit
Authors: Chawla Poonam
Published: April 2020

With human capital emerging as a sustainable source of strategic advantage organisations are focusing on developing employee value propositions which consistently engage their workforce so that they can proactively contribute towards the achievement of organisational goals. This research investigates the impact of employer branding strategy (a mechanism used by organisations to engage competent talent) on employee engagement whilst simultaneously measuring the mediating effect of person-organization (P-O) fit. The study analyses a sample of 296 employees working in the BPO sector (offshore call centres) in India. The proposed model is tested with the help of structural equation modelling. The findings of the research highlight that employer branding has an affirmative relationship with P-O fit and employee engagement. The findings also reveal that P-O effect has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between employer branding and employee engagement. It can be deduced that employer branding is a comprehensive strategy which can be used by employers to engage employees. Thus, in a global economy where a talented workforce is scarce and has plenty of choices available to them, firms can use employer branding as a strategic opportunity to enhance employee engagement.
Hexaminolevulinate blue light cystoscopy (Hal) assisted transurethral resection of the bladder tumour vs white light transurethral resection of the bladder tumour in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) : a retrospective analysis.
Authors: Capece Marco , Spirito Lorenzo , La Rocca Roberto , Napolitano Luigi , Buonopane Roberto , Di Meo Sergio , Sodo Maurizio , Bracale Umberto , Longo Nicola , Palmieri Alessandro , Fusco Ferdinando , Verze Paolo , Califano Gianluigi , Crocetto Felice , Imbimbo Ciro , Mirone Vincenzo , Imperatore Vittorio , Creta Massimiliano
Published: April 2020

Background: Bladder cancer is the eleventh most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. The recurrence rate of this cancer can be very high, up to 45%. Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) is more sensitive than standard procedures for the detection of malignant tumours. The aim of the study was to evaluate oncological outcomes in white light TURB (WL-TURB) and hexaminolevuninate blue light TURB (Hal-TURB). Patients and methods: This was a retrospective longitudinal single-center study. In the period between January 2016 and October 2016 WL-TURB was the only therapeutic option available. From November 2016 until April 2017 all TURBs were fluorescence-guided (Hal-TURB). Kaplan-Meier curves have been used to estimate recurrence free survival rates. Results: One hundred and eleven patients underwent Hal- TURB and 137 underwent WL-TURB. Recurrence rate after 12 months was 19.8% (22 out of 111 patients) and 37.2% (51 out of 137 patients) in HAL-group and WL-group respectively (p < 0.01). The recurrence-free period was longer in HAL-group rather than WL-group (8.9 months vs 7.3 months, p < 0.05). Moreover, the recurrence rate during the first 6 months was 3.7% in patients who underwent HAL-TURB and 16% in those who received WL-TURB (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The results of the study show that recurrence-free survival was longer in patients undergoing HAL-TURB compared to the patients who received standard WL-TURB.
eTourism for Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Inversini Alessadro , Rega Isabella
Published: April 2020

Tourism has often been described as an economic driving force that contributes to rural and emerging economies development. However, when it comes to the social aspect of development the nature of this contribution is still debated by academics. Information and Communication Technologies can help enhancing the socio-economic contribution of tourism by fostering community-based tourism independent marketing and sales dis-intermediation. eT4D can be defined as the independent use of technologies by micro and small community based tourism firms to market and sell their products and services thus fostering local socio-economic development.
Abordagem histórico-didática para o ensino da Teoria Eletrofraca utilizando simulações computacionais de experimentos históricos
Authors: Costa Márcia Da , Lourdes Irinéa De
Published: April 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta didática para o Ensino Superior, voltada para a discussão de temas de Física Moderna Contemporânea, que inclui a abordagem da Teoria Eletrofraca por meio de uma composição histórica dessa teoria e simulações computacionais dos experimentos históricos que contribuíram no processo de unificação das interações eletromagnéticas e fracas. Esta proposta foi elaborada com base teórica e metodológica nos princípios de abordagens histórico-didáticas, da teoria de Aprendizagem Significativa, Didática das Ciências e Unidades Didáticas. A análise de questionários e de diagramas de Gowin, utilizados para avaliar a efetividade de ensino da proposta didática, evidencia indícios positivos na aprendizagem dos alunos em relação aos conteúdos científicos e em relação à Natureza da Ciência.
O ensino por investigação como abordagem para o estudo do efeito fotoelétrico com estudantes do ensino médio de um Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia
Authors: Silva Júnior João Mauro da , Coelho Geide Rosa
Published: April 2020

Neste trabalho apresentamos uma análise de uma aula na qual o efeito fotoelétrico foi o tema da Física, desenvolvido com estudantes do ensino médio no contexto da educação profissional e tecnológica. Utilizando um relê fotoelétrico, muito comum em sistemas de iluminação pública, realizamos uma demonstração investigativa, gravada em áudio e vídeo, com uma turma da segunda série de um curso técnico integrado ao ensino médio em um Instituto Federal de Educação. Nossa análise foi pautada na interpretação das interações discursivas ocorridas durante a aula, tendo como base epistemológica autores da educação em ciências ancorados na matriz sociocultural. Os resultados nos mostram e orientam como a perspectiva investigativa de ensino pode potencializar não somente a dimensão conceitual da aprendizagem, mas também as dimensões procedimental e atitudinal. Em nossa análise, a atitude mais evidente foi o trabalho de forma colaborativa. Já em relação aos procedimentos, foram observados um destaque quanto à elaboração e teste de hipóteses, assim como a realização de inferências. Quanto ao conceito, nas delimitações de cada episódio apresentado, entendemos que conseguimos estabelecer a relação entre o efeito fotoelétrico, material alvo, comprimento de onda e a energia da radiação.
Formação de professores e cultura digital na Educação Física: reflexões a partir do livro Being self-study researchers in a digital world: future oriented research and pedagogy in teacher education
Authors: Araújo Allyson Carvalho de
Published: April 2020

Ao apresentar o livro “Being self-study researchers in a digital world: future oriented research and pedagogy in teacher education”, esta resenha reflete sobre as contribuições da obra para os estudos que articulam a Formação de Professores em Educação Física com a mídia e a tecnologia. A obra trás relatos e reflexões importantes sobre o conceito de autoestudo e suas relações com a formação de professores em Educação Física relacionada com a mídia e tecnologia no Brasil, e pouco exploradas pelo campo acadêmico nacional, o que oferece outras perspectivas de estudos para práticas de formação de professores a partir da emergência das tecnologias no ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem.
O amor italiano com o esporte
Authors: Van Amstel Narayana Astra , Gomes Leonardo Do Couto , Reis Junior Carlos Alberto Bueno dos , Nunes Ricardo João Sonoda , Silva Marcelo Moraes e
Published: April 2020

A presente resenha compreende uma análise sobre o livro Sport Italia – The Italian Love Affair With Sport, obra que tematiza a trajetória do esporte no contexto italiano, explorando principalmente sua relação com a formação cultural do país. O livro apresenta a relação singular que a Itália apresenta com modalidades esportivas como futebol, automobilismo e ciclismo. O autor aponta que existe uma forte imbricação do fenômeno esportivo com as esferas política e religiosa. Nesse sentido, aponta-se que o livro justifica sua relevância acadêmica por conciliar o estudo da cultura esportiva italiana com análises amparadas por uma considerável quantidade de fontes primárias.
Por uma Educação Física da ordem da potência: o que pode o corpo em movimento?
Authors: Correia Elder Silva , Almeida Felipe Quintão de
Published: April 2020

A partir de uma pesquisa teórica em filósofos como Spinoza, Deleuze e Guattari, problematizamos o modo pela qual as práticas corporais podem colocar para o corpo a questão do limite de sua (im)potência por meio de um circuito de afectos que vai do desamparo à alegria. Concluímos que aquelas práticas podem ser um território privilegiado para a investigação “do que pode o corpo em movimento?”, trazendo consequências para a Educação Física ao lidar pedagogicamente com elas.
In-orbit Earth reflectance validation of TROPOMI on board the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite
Authors: Tilstra Lieuwe G. , de Graaf Martin , Wang Ping , Stammes Piet
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The goal of the study described in this paper is to determine the accuracy of the radiometric calibration of the TROPOMI instrument in-flight, using its Earth radiance and solar irradiance measurements, from which the Earth reflectance is determined. The Earth reflectances are compared to radiative transfer calculations. We restrict ourselves to clear-sky observations as these are less difficult to model than observations containing clouds and/or aerosols. The limiting factor in the radiative transfer calculations is then the knowledge of the surface reflectance. We use OMI and SCIAMACHY surface Lambertian-equivalent reflectivity (LER) information to model the reflectivity of the Earth's surface. This Lambertian, non-directional description of the surface reflection contribution results in a relatively large source of uncertainty in the calculations. These errors can be reduced significantly by filtering out geometries for which we know that surface LER is a poor approximation of the real surface reflectivity. This filtering is done by comparing the OMI/SCIAMACHY surface LER information to MODIS surface BRDF information. We report calibration accuracies and errors for 21 selected wavelength bands between 328 and 2314 nm, located in TROPOMI spectral bands 3–7. All wavelength bands show good linear response to the intensity of the radiation and negligible offset problems. Reflectances in spectral bands 5 and 6 (wavelength bands 670 to 772 nm) have a good absolute agreement with the simulations, showing calibration errors on the order of 0.01 or 0–3 %. Trends over the mission lifetime, due to instrument degradation, are studied and found to be negligible at these wavelengths. Reflectances in bands 3 and 4 (wavelength bands 328 to 494 nm), on the other hand, are found to be affected by serious calibration errors, on the order of 0.004–0.02 and ranging between 6 % and 10 %, depending on the wavelength. The TROPOMI requirements (of 2 % maximal deviation) are not met in this case. Trends due to instrument degradation are also found, being strongest for the 328-nm wavelength band, and almost absent for the 494-nm wavelength band. The validation results obtained for TROPOMI spectral band 7 show behaviour that we cannot fully explain. As a result, these results call for more research and different methods to study the calibration of the reflectance. It seems plausible, though, that the reflectance for this particular band is underestimated by about 6 %. A table is provided containing the final results for all 21 selected wavelength bands.
Performance of the IRI-2016 over Santa Maria, a Brazilian low-latitude station located in the central region of the South American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA)
Authors: Moro Juliano , Xu Jiyao , Denardini Clezio Marcos , Araújo Resende Laysa Cristina , Pereira Silva Régia , Su Chen Sony , da Silva Picanço Giorgio Arlan , Zhengkuan Liu , Li Hui , Yan Chunxiao , Wang Chi , Schuch Nelson Jorge
Published: April 2020

Abstract. In this work we analyze the ionograms obtained by the
recent digisonde installed in Santa Maria (29.7∘ S,
53.7∘ W, dip angle = −37∘), Brazil, to
calculate the monthly averages of the F2 layer critical frequency
(foF2), its peak height (hmF2), and the E-region critical
frequency (foE) acquired during geomagnetically quiet days from September 2017 to August 2018. The monthly averages are compared to the 2016 version
of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model predictions in order
to study its performance close to the center of the South America Magnetic
Anomaly (SAMA), which is a region particularly important for high-frequency
(HF) ground-to-satellite navigation signals. The foF2 estimated with
the Consultative Committee International Radio (CCIR) and International
Union of Radio Science (URSI) options makes good predictions throughout the year, whereas, for hmF2, it is recommended to use the SHU-2015 option
instead of the other available options (AMTB2013 and BSE-1979). The IRI-2016
model outputs for foE and the observations presented very good
agreement.