bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urbanização e novas relações cidade-campo: os processos com a criação do estado do Tocantins e de sua capital Palmas na Amazônia Oriental
Authors: Bessa Kelly
Published: March 2020

A criação do estado do Tocantins, sua inserção na Região Norte do país, na porção oriental da Amazônia, e a implantação de sua capital Palmas, em 1989, são fundamentais para a urbanização, tanto na escala do espaço urbano (sobretudo o de Palmas) como na da rede urbana regional, que passa a ser comandada pela capital. Palmas não resulta de práticas socioespaciais espontâneas, mas de ações intencionais ligadas ao primeiro governo estadual, que optou por implantar uma cidade para sediar o aparato político-administrativo. Neste contexto, as novas relações cidade-campo principiam-se com a conflituosa desapropriação de terras rurais que, incorporadas ao urbano, generalizam-se como mercadoria por ação dos governos estaduais. Outros agentes foram adquirindo e reservando terras com interesse especulativo: os proprietários rurais, evidenciando a transferência de capitais gerados no campo, as empresas construtoras e os incorporadores e promotores imobiliários, ratificando a transferência de capitais regionais que se estenderam a outros setores da economia urbana. Há também a transferência de populações do campo e de outras cidades, movidas pela atração sobre a população regional. Mais recentemente, tem-se o agronegócio, que estabelece novas relações envolvendo articulações entre os espaços urbano, rural e regional, com investimentos extraordinários no setor imobiliário e em outros setores da economia urbana. Trata-se de mecanismos para a realização da acumulação de capital, seja no setor imobiliário, seja no complexo funcional urbano, que passam a atrair excedentes do campo e excedentes regionais. Esses alteram o plano urbano original e o padrão precedente da rede urbana, evidenciando as novas relações cidade-campo e os novos processos urbano-rural-regional, que exigem interpretações mais complexas, que serão abordadas brevemente neste artigo.
As metrópoles mexicanas rumo à sustentabilidade climática: uma revisão desde o ponto de vista do clima urbano
Authors: Martínez Erika Rivera , Némiga Xanat Antonio , Alanís Juan Campos
Published: March 2020

A regulação climática é um dos serviços ambientais atingido pelo processo de urbanização. Geram-se mudanças que modificam o clima regional, produzindo um clima urbano com consequências socio-ambientais negativas. A ONU (2017) propõe os alvos do desenvolvimento sustentável, que acentuam a necessidade de contar com cidades sustentáveis. O clima urbano representa um reto para atingir a desejada sustentabilidade. Este trabalho analisa estudos sobre o clima urbano em metrópoles do México, para demostrar a complexidade de atingir cidades sustentáveis segundo o enfoque climático. Se fez uma revisão de artigos científicos para identificar o número de trabalhos por área metropolitana, as características metodológicas e o tipo de análise feita. Posteriormente se identificaram os principais retos para ter cidades com clima sustentável no México. Os resultados revelam que só o 13.5 % das 74 metrópoles, têm algum estudo relacionado ao clima urbano. O 80% de entre eles centram-se em estudos observacionais, o 20% correspondem a análises correlacionais e/ou preditivas. Nenhum trabalho descreve a participação direta em políticas públicas. O tema do clima urbano é incipiente no México, por tanto, atingir a categoria de cidades sustentáveis representa um reto para a política pública, já que que sempre que não reduzam os impactos negativos gerados, a população não atingirá a qualidade de vida desejada.
La géographie et la question régionale : le complexe géographique entre régionalisation et internationalisation de l'espace
Authors: Junior Raimundo Nonato
Published: March 2020

Cet article présente quelques résultats et discussions de la thèse « Géographie régionale de la frontière Brésil-France : la tension entre régionalisation et internationalisation de l'espace oyapockois », soulignant l'importance de l'analyse régionale pour la recherche contemporaine en géographie. La frontière franco-brésilienne de l’Oyapock est un symbole des contacts politiques entre l’Europe et l’Amérique Latine, représentant aussi une forte dynamique sociale et environnementale. Soumise à des contraintes et opportunités variées, cette frontière révèle la tension entre forces régionales et globales, à plusieurs échelles. Cela implique une crise conduisant à la reconfiguration du concept de « région » et au réajustement de l’organisation de l’espace bilatéral. Dans cet article, on s’intéresse particulièrement à l’existence et à la transformation des relations régionales à partir de l’exemple du terrain de l’Oyapock. Les résultats montrent que la dynamique régionale dans la frontière franco-brésilienne se présente en tant qu’un complexe géographique qui articule la tension entre les intérêts de différents acteurs, groupes sociaux et échelles. Ils sont aussi révélateurs de la puissance de la géographie régionale pour établir des dialogues contemporains entre l’épistémologie de la science géographique et l’expérience de terrain, mettant en rapport les dimensions physiques, humaines, historiques, politiques et quotidiennes qui sont présentes dans les multiples relations hommes-milieux.
Diplômés de France au Congo-Brazzaville et relations universitaires franco-congolaises (1960-2005) : une étude de cas de la construction et de la rupture du lien singulier franco-africain
Authors: Blum Le Coat Jean-Yves
Published: March 2020

Dans les années 1960 et 1970, les migrations d’étudiants et stagiaires congolais en France, soutenues par les deux Etats, jouent un rôle central dans la coopération interuniversitaire entre ces deux pays. A partir de 1981, l’évolution de la politique migratoire française et la crise économique et politique au Congo-Brazzaville entravent durement cette migration, et remettent en cause la coopération franco-congolaise.
Structural Properties and Capacitive Performance of Cathodically Deposited Manganese Dioxide Film on Electrophoretically Deposited Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Hassan Sameh , Suzuki Masaaki , Mori Shinsuke , Abd El-Moneim Ahmed
Published: March 2020

The structural properties and capacitive behavior of manganese dioxide (MnO2) films prepared by potentiostatic cathodic deposition were examined in presence and absence of pre-electrophoretically deposited reduced graphene oxide (rGO) film. The FTIR analysis reflects the formation of a MnO2/rGO composite film structure. SEM and TEM characterization show that the MnO2film deposited on rGO film has finer and less compact nanostructure and grown as sparsely aggregated particles follow the open structure of underlying rGO platelets. The specific capacitance and rate capability of MnO2/rGO film are higher than that of pristine MnO2film; it exhibits specific capacitance of 292 Fg-1at 1 mA cm-2and better cyclic stability at 3 mA cm-2. The presence of 3D underlying defective rGO film creates an open structure with larger area, facilitates the electron transfer and access of the electrolyte ions through the surface of MnO2film and hence offering the potential of the unique capacitive behavior.
Exo-Inoculant Modification of Secondary Phase Precipitation in H13 Tool Steel
Authors: Salem Islam , El-Fawkhry Mohamed Kamal , Abdel-Khalek Ahmed A. , Khedr M.H. , Mattar Taha
Published: March 2020

Secondary phase carbides in term of type and morphology are considered as the most challenge facing the applications of hot work tool steel. AISI H13 tool steel is one of the most applicable hot work tool steel grades. M23C6, M6C and MC are the common secondary carbides that are forming throughout the martensite matrix of H13 tool steel. In this research, nanoinoculant silicon nitride was added to the molten H13 tool steel to act as an inoculant for the secondary carbide categories through ladle treatment process. By using OM and SEM, it was observed that nanoinoculant has the great impact in the nucleation of secondary carbides into fine shape, in particular M23C6type. In addition, mechanical tests proved that the nucleation of secondary carbides promotes the mechanical properties of hot work H13 tool steel to its ultimate. Impact toughness of the inoculated H13 tool steel was observed with higher value than that was done at the ordinary H13 tool steel. At the meantime, wear resistance of inoculated H13 tool steel was multiplied two times higher than as delivered H13 tool steel.
AlSi-SiC Composites for Automotive Brake Rotor
Authors: Firouz Fatma , Daoud Atef , El-Khair Malak Abou
Published: March 2020

This manuscript investigates the Fabrication and Microstructure of Automotive Brake Rotor Made of AlSi-SiC Composites. This work is oriented toward fabrication of automotive brake rotors from Al-9Si and Al-12Si reinforced with 10 and 20% SiC particles using stir-casting method. The brake rotors were subjected to heat treatment. Aging behavior showed that hardness increased with the addition of SiC reinforcements by 104%, comparing to solution treatment condition. Also, the addition of SiC particles accelerates formation of precipitates. Microstructure of brake rotors made of composite revealed uniform distribution of SiC particles, primary phase (⍺-Al) and modified eutectic Si. EDX analysis showed the presence of Al, Mg and O at the interface between matrix and SiC particles.
Effect of Different Normalizing Processes on Microstructure, Precipitation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of V-Ti-Micro-Alloyed Steel Alloys
Authors: Hamed Ahmed , Eissa Mamdouh , Kandil Abdelhakim , Ali Omnia , Mattar Taha
Published: March 2020

Normalizing is an effective heat treatment in improving the microstructure and developing the mechanical properties of micro-alloyed steel. The normalizing parameters such as temperature and holding time are the main keys to microstructure and mechanical properties controlling. Therefore, obtaining an optimum combination of mechanical properties must be subjected to an ideal combination of these parameters. Furthermore, adjusting the optimum normalizing parameters must be considered for every chemical composition depending on the critical transformation temperatures. In this work, four micro-alloyed steel alloys containing V (0.008-0.1wt %) and Ti (0.002-0.072) were held on different normalizing temperatures for 30 minutes. The first holding temperature was carried out just above the Ac3 temperature and the second was carried out above the Ac3 by 100°C (Ac3+100°C). With the controlled normalizing condition, V-Ti-micro-alloyed steel alloy has produced an ultra-fine structure of grain size 2.2 microns and combined high strength of 725 MPa YS, 1058 MPa UTS and good ductility of 20%.
An Investigation on Structural and Optical Properties of Nanocrystalline Bismuth Ferrite and Manganese Sillenite Powders
Authors: Rayan D.A. , Abdel-Mawla E.A. , Mohamed S.K. , Mohamed A.A. , Rashad Mohamed M.
Published: March 2020

Nanocrystalline bismuth ferrite BFO; BiFeO3and manganese sillenite, BMO; Bi12MnO20(BMO) powders have been successfully elaborated using a facile co-precipitation approach. The formed materials were examined using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Furthermore, the change in the optical properties was performed based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-visible spectrophotometer. Typical, pure BiFeO3and Bi12MnO20phases were detected for the precursors precipitated at pH 10 based on ammonium hydroxide as a base then annealed at 500°C for 2h. Eventually, the optical band gap energy of BFO and BMO using Kubelka–Munk function based on Tauc’s plot was found to be 2.12 and 2.79 eV, respectively.
Structural, Microstructural and Electrochemical Studies of Co/Mn Derived Oxides as Protective Layers for Intermediate Temperature SOFCs
Authors: Mohamed Salwa M. , Sanad Mostafa M.M. , El-Shahat M.F. , Mattar Taha
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Designing highly protective and superior electrically conductive coatings from Cobalt-manganese doped/un-doped oxide materials (CMOs) is the main target of this study. The as-prepared nanopowders were synthesized via glycine nitrate process (GNP) at moderate annealing temperature afterword characterized using several techniques including X-rays diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and electrochemical impedance measurements at room temperature. The XRD results revealed a pure phase of spinel structure with particle size range 75-81 nm for the doped CMO samples. SEM micrographs exhibited morphology with fine aggregate of particles. The incorporation of different ions of Cu, Ni, Fe and Na into the CMOs structure showed a significant increase in the diffusivity of ions and remarkable improvement in the crystallinity. AC electrical conductivity was also measured for the compacted pellets after sintering at 850°C using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique at room temperature. From the obtained results it could be concluded that the polarization resistance of pure and modified CMOs samples show similar behavior ranged from 5 to 6 k Ω.
Corrosion Behavior of Super Austenitic Stainless Steel 904L Weldment in Sulfuric Acid Media Used for Leaching Application
Authors: Rashed Gamal M. , Mohrez Waleed A. , El-Hamid Abd Allah M. Abd , Ghayad Ibrahim M.
Published: March 2020

This article reports the corrosion behavior of 904L weldment in sulfuric acid as a strong corrosive media. The corrosion behavior was studied by total immersion tests and potentidynamic polarization test. Total immersion test has been conducted at different acid concentrations typically: 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 18.4 M at 25°C. The effect of temperature (25- 100°C) on the weight loss measurements of the alloy samples was followed in the 4 M acid solution. On the other hand, potentiodynamic polarization tests were conducted in 2,5, 8 and 18.4 M H2SO4solution. The potentiodynamic polarization test was also conducted in the practically used leaching medium (2 M H2SO4+ 10% monazite).Results show that the weight loss increases with the increase of acid concentration and reaches its maximum at 4 M H2SO4and then gradually decreases. Meanwhile, the rise in temperatures results in the increase of weight loss. Potentiodynamic polarization tests indicate that the 5 M acid solution gives the highest corrosion rate of 0.6399 mm/Y. The leaching medium shows relatively higher corrosion rate (0.124 mm/y) than the corresponding 2 M H2SO4 without monazite (0.01712 mm/y).
Surface Roughness of Nanohybrid Composites with Different Monomers after Finishing and Polishing with Different Polishing Systems
Authors: Soliman Youssef Alaa , Mahmoud ELsayed Moustafa , Gepreel Mohammed A. , Afifi Rania Reda
Published: March 2020

Background: The most frequently used monomer in commercial composite resins is bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate. Bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate free monomer and the long chain dimer acid based monomer were considered as an alternative method to improve mechanical and physical properties of composite resins. Objective: To study the surface roughness of different nanohybrid composites with different monomer compositions after finishing and polishing with different polishing systems. Materials and Methods: 72 composite disk specimens were prepared and divided into 3 groups (n=24) according to the resin composite that were used (harmonizekerr,venusdiamondheraeuskulzerandn'duranceseptodont). Each group was subdivided into 4 subgroups (n=6) according to the polishing technique that was used (Jiffy natural universalwheelsultradent,sof-lexspiral wheels 3mespe,hilusterkerrorenhance systemdentsply). Atomic force microscope was used to measure surface roughness. Results: There was statistical significant difference in surface roughness measuring among differentn'durance,venusdiamondandharmonizegroups (Kruskal Wallis Test p<0.05). Post hock pairwise comparison revealed thatvenusdiamondshowed statistically significant higher surface roughness when compared with eithern'duranceandharmonize. Among the polishing systems,jiffynaturaluniversalwheelsproduce the least surface roughness. Conclusion: Different monomer compositions may have direct effect on the final surface polish of the restorative materials. Clinical significance: The use ofjiffy natural universalwheelsmay be found to result in the smoothest surface finish with the least clinical steps.
Microstructure Evolution of NiTi Magnetron Sputtered Thin Film on Different Substrates
Authors: Abd El-Fattah Hanan A. , El-Mahallawi Iman , Shazly Mostafa H. , Khalifa Waleed A.
Published: March 2020

Understanding the microstructure evolution of metal thin films on various substrates is essential for developing thin films that need specific requirements. The microstructure of thin films has been identified to be related to the mobility of the adatoms during growth. Recently, the theory of non-classical crystallisation of thin films has been introduced to explain the structure formation in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes. Much work has been conducted on CVD deposited thin films, while little data appears on PVD techniques. The effect of substrate material on the microstructure of the deposited nickel-titanium (NiTi) thin film and its optical absorbance is studied in this work. Three different substrates with identified surface conditions were used to deposit thin films of NiTi in the same chamber under the same processing conditions. The NiTi thin film was deposited using radio frequency (RF) PVD sputtering process on stainless steel (SS), aluminium (Al) and copper (Cu) substrates. The results were analysed in view of state of art structure models and mechanisms. The microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical absorbance was measured by spectrophotometery. The results have shown that the structure and morphology of the grown films have varied in all conditions. Amorphous structures were obtained for Al and Cu substrates, while crystalline structures were obtained for the stainless-steel substrate at the same sputtering conditions.
Aluminum Surface Inclusions of Insoluble Lead Enhanced through Mechanical Attrition of Al Substrates
Authors: Mohamed Ebrahim Mohamed Refaat , El Mahy Safaa Kamel
Published: March 2020

Preparation of aluminum substrates for surface segregation enhancement of insoluble lead deposition was achieved. Sever plastic deformation 'SPD' of Al sheets was done using surface mechanical attrition treatment 'SMAT' in air. Scanning electron microscope SEM of etched Al substrates cuts showed micro-cavities both on the surface and in-depth. Orientation effects and surface inclusions of Pb inside Al surface found at 40 and 50 Hz - SMAT Al by X-Ray diffraction and energy dispersive of X-Rays EDX. Concluding that SMAT frequency limits used enhanced surface inclusions without annealing that could improve adhesion of industrial protective Pb coatings.
Prudent public health intervention strategies to control the coronavirus disease 2019 transmission in India
Authors: Mandal Sandip , Bhatnagar Tarun , Arinaminpathy Nimalan , Agarwal Anup , Chowdhury Amartya , Murhekar Manoj , Gangakhedkar Raman R. , Sarkar Swarup
Published: March 2020

Background & objectives:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised urgent questions about containment and mitigation, particularly in countries where the virus has not yet established human-to-human transmission. The objectives of this study were to find out if it was possible to prevent, or delay, the local outbreaks of COVID-19 through restrictions on travel from abroad and if the virus has already established in-country transmission, to what extent would its impact be mitigated through quarantine of symptomatic patients?

Methods:

These questions were addressed in the context of India, using simple mathematical models of infectious disease transmission. While there remained important uncertainties in the natural history of COVID-19, using hypothetical epidemic curves, some key findings were illustrated that appeared insensitive to model assumptions, as well as highlighting critical data gaps.

Results:

It was assumed that symptomatic quarantine would identify and quarantine 50 per cent of symptomatic individuals within three days of developing symptoms. In an optimistic scenario of the basic reproduction number (R
0) being 1.5, and asymptomatic infections lacking any infectiousness, such measures would reduce the cumulative incidence by 62 per cent. In the pessimistic scenario of R
0=4, and asymptomatic infections being half as infectious as symptomatic, this projected impact falls to two per cent.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Port-of-entry-based entry screening of travellers with suggestive clinical features and from COVID-19-affected countries, would achieve modest delays in the introduction of the virus into the community. Acting alone, however, such measures would be insufficient to delay the outbreak by weeks or longer. Once the virus establishes transmission within the community, quarantine of symptomatics may have a meaningful impact on disease burden. Model projections are subject to substantial uncertainty and can be further refined as more is understood about the natural history of infection of this novel virus. As a public health measure, health system and community preparedness would be critical to control any impending spread of COVID-19 in the country.
$p$-адические мономиальные уравнения и их возмущения
Authors: Mukhamedov Farrukh Maksutovich , Khakimov Otabek Norbutaugli
Published: March 2020

В статье описывается множество всех решений мономиального уравнения $x^k=a$ над $\mathbb Q_p$. Кроме того, в качестве приложения полученного результата изучаются некоторые возмущения рассматриваемого уравнения над $p$-адическим полем.
Библиография: 23 наименования.
О сингулярно возмущенных системах ОДУ с кратным корнем вырожденного уравнения
Authors: Butuzov Valentin Fedorovich
Published: March 2020

Рассматривается краевая задача для системы двух ОДУ второго порядка с разными степенями малого параметра при второй производной в первом и втором уравнениях. Особенность системы состоит в том, что одно из двух уравнений вырожденной системы имеет двукратный корень. Оказалось, что в этом случае асимптотика погранслойного решения краевой задачи качественно отличается от известной асимптотики в случае простых корней уравнений вырожденной системы, в частности масштабы погранслойных переменных и сам алгоритм построения погранслойных рядов зависят от вида краевых условий для искомых функций. В работе для одного из возможных вариантов краевых условий построена и обоснована асимптотика погранслойного решения, отличающаяся от асимптотик при других краевых условиях.
Библиография: 13 наименований.
Гипотеза Воота для слабо $o$-минимальных теорий конечного ранга выпуклости
Authors: Kulpeshov Beibut Shaiykovich
Published: March 2020

Доказано, что слабо $o$-минимальные теории конечного ранга выпуклости, имеющие менее чем $2^{\omega}$ счетных моделей, являются бинарными. Основным результатом статьи является подтверждение гипотезы Воота для слабо $o$-минимальных теорий конечного ранга выпуклости.
Библиография: 13 наименований.
La ilustración animada como espectáculo. Películas de dibujos relámpago
Authors: Cabrera Balbuena Iria , Ocaña Salinas Alejandro
Published: March 2020

A finales del s. XIX se desarrollan las artes del espectáculo, cobrando fuerza las agrupadas dentro del teatro de variedades. La caricatura, de creciente popularidad y alcance gracias a la expansión de la prensa y los magazines, encuentra un lugar también como espectáculo en vivo, de la mano de los dibujos relámpago. Por otro lado, dentro del cine, el descubrimiento de la técnica de animación del paso de manivela permite a los cineastas crear trucos en la gran pantalla. La conjunción del uso de este recurso y los espectáculos de dibujos relámpago dan lugar a una serie de películas denominadas de dibujos relámpago, que sentarán las bases para la creación de los futuros dibujos animados. En el presente artículo se analizan este tipo de películas en relación con la ilustración y su conexión con los espectáculos de entretenimiento en el cambio de siglo.
Examination of effects of aerosols on a pyroCb and their dependence on fire intensity and aerosol perturbation
Authors: Lee Seoung Soo , Kablick III George , Li Zhanqing , Jung Chang Hoon , Choi Yong-Sang , Um Junshik , Choi Won Jun
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Using a modeling framework, this study investigates how a pyrocumulonimbus
(pyroCb) event influences water vapor concentrations and cirrus-cloud
properties near the tropopause, specifically focusing on how fire-produced
aerosols affect this role. Results from a case study show that when observed
fire intensity is high, there is an insignificant impact of fire-produced
aerosols on the development of the pyroCb and associated changes in water
vapor and cirrus clouds near the tropopause. However, as fire intensity
weakens, effects of those aerosols on microphysical variables and processes
such as droplet size and autoconversion increase. Due to this,
aerosol-induced invigoration of convection is significant for pyroCb with
weak-intensity fires and associated weak surface heat fluxes. This leads to
a situation where there is a greater aerosol effect on the transport of
water vapor to the upper troposphere and the production of cirrus clouds
with weak-intensity fires, whereas this effect is muted with
strong-intensity fires.
Differences in Fine Particle Chemical Composition on Clear and Cloudy Days
Authors: Christiansen Amy E. , Carlton Annmarie G. , Henderson Barron H.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Clouds are prevalent and alter fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass and chemical composition. Cloud-affected satellite retrievals are subject to higher uncertainty and are often removed from data products, hindering quantitative estimates of tropospheric chemical composition during cloudy times. We examine surface PM2.5 chemical constituent concentrations in the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network in the United States during Cloudy and Clear Sky times defined using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud flags from 2010-2014 with a focus on differences in particle hygroscopicity and aerosol liquid water (ALW). Cloudy and Clear Sky periods exhibit significant differences in PM2.5 mass and chemical composition that vary regionally and seasonally. In the eastern US, relative humidity alone cannot explain differences in ALW, suggesting emissions and in situ chemistry exert determining impacts. An implicit clear sky bias may hinder efforts to quantitatively understand and improve representation of aerosol-cloud interactions, which remain dominant uncertainties in models.
CLIMCAPS Observing Capability for Temperature, Moisture and Trace Gases from AIRS/AMSU and CrIS/ATMS
Authors: Smith Nadia , Barnet Christopher D.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The Community Long-term Infrared Microwave Combined Atmospheric Product System (CLIMCAPS) retrieves vertical profiles of temperature, water vapor, greenhouse- and pollutant gases as well as cloud properties from measurements made by infrared and microwave instruments on polar-orbiting satellites. These are AIRS/AMSU on Aqua and CrIS/ATMS on Suomi-NPP as well as NOAA20. CLIMCAPS retrieves these atmospheric soundings from each satellite platform individually that together form a multi-platform, multi-instrument record of satellite soundings spanning nearly two decades of daily observations (2002 to present). Such a record is useful for characterizing diurnal and seasonal atmospheric processes from different time periods and regions across the globe. The strength of the observed signal at each scene is affected by a range of uncertainty sources broadly stemming from two classes, namely (i) the observing system (e.g., instrument type and noise, choice of inversion method, algorithmic implementation and assumptions) and (ii) localized conditions (e.g., presence of clouds, rate of temperature change with pressure, amount of water vapor and surface type). If uncertainty is not explicitly quantified and reported, then retrieval products lose value in science and applications because their measured signals are obscured and, worse, misinterpreted. In this paper we characterize the CLIMCAPS Version 2.0 system and diagnose its observing capability for seven retrieval variables – temperature, H2O, CO, O3, CO2, HNO3 and CH4 – from two satellite platforms, Aqua and NOAA20. We illustrate how CLIMCAPS observing capability varies spatially, from scene to scene and latitudinally across the globe. We conclude with a discussion of how CLIMCAPS uncertainty metrics can be used in diagnosing its retrievals to promote understanding of the observing system as well as the atmosphere it measures.
Estimating mean molecular weight, carbon number, and OM/OC with mid-infrared spectroscopy in organic particulate matter samples from a monitoring network
Authors: Yazdani Amir , Dillner Ann M. , Takahama Satoshi
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Organic matter (OM) is a major constituent of fine particulate matter which contributes significantly to degradation of visibility, radiative forcing, and causes adverse health effects. However, due to its sheer compositional complexity, OM is difficult to characterize in its entirety. Mid-infrared spectroscopy has previously proven useful in the study of OM by providing extensive information about functional group composition with high mass recovery. Herein, we introduce a new method for obtaining additional characteristics such as mean carbon number and molecular weight of these complex organic mixtures using the aliphatic C–H absorbance profile in mid-infrared spectrum. We apply this technique to spectra acquired non-destructively from Teflon filters used for fine particulate matter quantification at selected sites of Inter-agency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network. Since carbon number and molecular weight are important characteristics used by recent models to describe evolution in OM composition, this technique can provide semi-quantitative, observational constraints of these variables at the scale of the network. For this task, multivariate statistical models are trained on calibration spectra prepared from atmospherically relevant laboratory standards and are applied to ambient samples. Then, the physical basis linking the absorbance profile of this relatively narrow region in the mid-infrared spectrum to the molecular structure is investigated using a classification approach. The multivariate statistical models predict mean carbon number and molecular weight that are consistent with previous values of organic-mass-to-organic-carbon (OM/OC) ratios estimated for the network using different approaches. The results are also consistent with temporal and spatial variations in these quantities associated with aging processes, and different source classes (anthropogenic, biogenic, and burning sources). For instance, the models estimate higher mean carbon number for urban samples and smaller, more fragmented molecules for samples in which substantial aging is anticipated.
Virtual full-scale testing for investigating strength characteristics of a composite wind turbine blade
Authors: Muyan Can , Coker Demirkan
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Full-scale structural tests enable us to monitor mechanical response of the blades under various loading scenarios. Yet these tests must be accompanied with numerical simulations, so that the physical basis of the progressive damage development can be captured and interpreted correctly. Within the scope of this paper the previous work of the authors concerning the strength analysis of an existing 5-m GFRP wind turbine blade using Puck failure criteria is revisited. An important outcome of the previous study was that nonlinear Puck material model was found to be necessary for a more realistic simulation of failure mechanisms. In the current work, under extreme load cases internal flange at the leading edge, trailing edge of the blade are identified as the mainly damaged regions. Moreover, dominant failure mechanism is expected to be the de-bonding at the trailing and leading edges. When extreme load case is applied as a combination of edge-wise and flap-wise loading cases, less damage is observed compared to the pure flap-wise loading case. This damage evolution is attributed to the stiffer structural behavior of the blade under combined loading condition.
Telling, Not Being the Joke
Authors: Tonkovich Andrew
Published: March 2020

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Writing for Justice in First-Year Composition (FYC)
Authors: McCoy Shane A.
Published: March 2020

Conceptualized as writing for justice, I offer close-scrutiny and analyses of teaching artifacts that animate my course syllabi in order to understand how first-year composition (FYC) courses might function as a vehicle for advancing social justice. Specifically, this essay offers a framework for enabling students with the critical capacities to transfer social justice knowledge from the classroom to the street. With close readings of my curricula and borrowing from the scholarship on knowledge transfer studies (Bawarshi & Reiff 2011; Beaufort 2007; Yancey 2011), I bridge the theoretical framework of writing for justice to a practice of writing for justice in curriculum design and development. As I argue here, this aspect of the curriculum provides the framework for crafting a FYC curriculum that aims to transform undergraduate students’ cognitive schemas by forming new “impressions” (Ahmed 2004) of social justice.
Macro Variable Determinants of Exchange Rates in Vietnam
Authors: TRAN Ly Phuong , DAO Binh Thi Thanh
Published: March 2020

Exchange rate is the value of one nation’s currency that can be converted into others, or the unit of the domestic currency needed to buy 1 unit of foreign money system. It is an obvious that exchange rate has always been acknowledged as the main culprit behind several economic phenomena, playing a significant role in determining the change of the economy. Due to its importance, exchange rate allows comparison of good prices among countries or the transfer of funds in different nations, accounting for the health of one economy. This paper aims to take a closer look at the roles of several economic variables on the movement of exchange rate, studying the short term and long term effect as well as the beneficial or detrimental impacts contributing to the fluctuation of the currency conversion value. This research focuses on the fluctuation of three exchange rates, which are Japanese Yen, United State Dollar, Euro to Vietnamese Dong. The chosen macro variables for analyzing include economic growth, export, import, inflation, foreign direct investment, budget deficit, stock market index, crude oil price, balance of payment between Vietnam and other countries for a sample of 15 years from 2003 to 2017 quarterly.
Students’ Learning Styles and Self-Motivation
Authors: Moneva Jerald C. , Arnado Jeanelyn S. , Buot Ildebrando N.
Published: March 2020

Learning styles are the basis on how students learn. There are different learning styles. Three of the most popular ones are visual, auditory, and kinesthetic in which students use to absorb information. On one hand, students’ motivation is an internal drive of the students to do a task on their own will. The study used a univariate likert scale questionnaire among Senior High School Students in Jagobiao National High School to 244 individuals. Questionnaires were sent directly to targeted segment. Firstly, the respondents reported that they absorb information best using hearing aspects known as auditory learners. Secondly, they absorb information by visualizing or the visual learners. Lastly, the respondents describe that they learn through actions or the kinesthetic learners. The finding of the study is not statistically significant between students’ learning styles and self-motivation because the ANOVA presented that the result is greater than the alpha in which the decision is failed to reject and there is no significant association between the two variables students’ learning styles and self-motivation. Majority of the students preferred to listen while learning. It was seen that it is the best way that the students absorb information effectively. It is necessary that the teachers should identify the students learning strategies in order to meet their teaching strategies. The study accentuates that students’ self-motivation does not affect the students’ learning styles.
Disabling the Madman: Dickens and the Moral Management ofBarnaby RudgeandDavid Copperfield
Authors: Baldys Emily M.
Published: March 2020

This article analyzes the novels Barnaby Rudge and David Copperfield as they engage with the contemporary psychiatric discourse of moral management, which significantly reconceptualized madness and its treatment in the early nineteenth century. It examines the novels—alongside Dickens's journalism and some medical texts—as works that trace the fluctuating boundaries separating sanity from insanity and ability from disability. Barnaby Rudge, written at the onset of popular enthusiasm for moral management, charts a conception of insanity in flux as traditional and Romantic models of the mind clashed with more clinical definitions and new modes of treatment. In its handling of Mr. Dick, David Copperfield works more actively to domesticate madness within a regime of moral management, reframing the insane as patients subject to rehabilitation. In light of recent scholarship in the field of disability studies, this article argues that Dickens's mid-century narratives thus contribute to a radically revised cultural construction of insanity as disability.
Undiagnosing Esther: The Productive Ambiguity of Disease inBleak House
Authors: MacLure Jennifer
Published: March 2020

Throughout the 165 years since the publication of Charles Dickens's Bleak House, readers and critics have attempted to diagnose the unnamed disease at the center of the novel. While smallpox is the most popular diagnosis, others have argued for typhus and erysipelas. Drawing on close analysis of the novel as well as medical history, this article contends that Dickens invites readers to think of two specific diseases—typhus and smallpox—while refusing to settle on either as the “answer” in order to hold open a narrative space for a theory of social pathology that encompasses the structural and individuated, the localized and the mobile, the macroscopic and microscopic at once. Recognizing that etiology is political, Dickens uses this diagnostic doubleness to produce a holistic indictment of a biopolitical liberal state that itself enacts power dualistically—that is, via strategic oscillation between disciplinary intervention, “making live,” and selective inaction, “letting die.” In doing so, Dickens also affirms the unique value of fiction to provide insight into our social world.
“What do you mean by that? You must have been drinking!”: Victorian Femininity, Dickensian Cooking Disasters, and Nineteenth-Century Domestic Manuals
Authors: Harner Christina Henderson
Published: March 2020

Most Dickensian scholars have interpreted David Copperfield's Dora Spenlow and Our Mutual Friend's Bella Wilfer as domestic failures (in terms of the novels' logic) who must either be disciplined into learning the art of cooking and housekeeping (Bella) or killed off because they refuse to do so (Dora). In both cases, the women's reaction to a cookbook or domestic advice manual plays an important role in the way the stories construct their femininity. However, Bella's and Dora's interactions with these manuals have not been examined in depth. Focusing on two of the most popular domestic guides, this article argues that Modern Cookery by Eliza Acton and Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management by Isabella Beeton present femininity as a series of roles that did not fit traditional gender and class boundaries but rather could be adopted, adapted, or set aside. This concept of flexible femininity troubles two dominant middle-class Victorian assumptions: first, that women were natural-born housekeepers and second, that the domestic labor they performed should be effortless. When more attention is paid to the way nineteenth-century cookery books and domestic advice manuals addressed female readers, Dickens's domestic scenes emerge as moments of resistance that challenge Victorian standards of femininity.
Recent Dickens Studies: 2018
Authors: Hanna Robert C.
Published: March 2020

The Review of Dickens Studies for 2018 examines introductions, articles, partial book chapters, entire book chapters, books of literary criticism, biographical books, entries in reference books, and entire reference books on Charles Dickens. Acknowledging that so-called dominant fields of study in a given year are due, in part, to the vagaries of publishers' and editors' decisions, this article notes that publications in 2018 were dominated by adaptations, biographies, and studies of Bleak House and Great Expectations. Grouping the wealth of interest in two of the fifteen novels necessitated comparable groupings of publications focused on the other novels, and then on other individual works. After accounting for reference books, the remaining categories for consideration revealed themselves to belong to specialized interests and studies. The finalized sequence of headings are Reference Books, Adaptations, Biographies, Thematic Studies across the Novels, Studies of Individual Novels, Other Writings, and Specialized Interests and Studies, with the subtopics Allusions, Dark Tourism, Darwinian Studies, Dickens's Influence, Emigration, Gender and Sexuality, Global Dickens, Imagery, Language, Light, Literary Criticism—Nineteenth Century, Ruins, Sleep, and Urban History.
SAÚDE MENTAL DO IDOSO: reflexões sobre a prevenção do suicídio e o trabalho em rede
Authors: Ferro Luis Felipe , Ferreira Izabel Do Rocio Costa , Menz Dione Maria
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o curso de extensão universitária Envelhecer com dignidade – Saúde Mental do Idoso, vinculado ao Projeto de Extensão Universitária Os Determinantes Sociais da Saúde minimizando as iniquidades sociais, do Setor de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, da Universidade Federal do Paraná. O projeto busca criar condições de empoderamento de agentes sociais das comunidades que são atendidas pelos projetos de responsabilidade social da ITAIPU-BINACIONAL, representadas, ao total, pela população de 32 municípios. O objetivo do curso foi instrumentalizar atores sociais e profissionais de diversas áreas, que convivem com idosos da Região do Lago de ITAIPU, sobre a Saúde Mental do Idoso no tocante à questão do suicídio e estratégias de trabalho em rede para composição de intervenções compartilhadas. O presente artigo apresentará o relato de experiência do curso, tendo como pilares de argumentação os temas próprios ao curso, sua estrutura basal e as estratégias realizadas para fomentar o trabalho em rede de maneira locorregional. Ainda, avaliações do curso e percepções dos participantes foram analisadas. Enquanto resultados, ressalta-se a importância dos temas prevenção dosuicídio e trabalho em rede para a promoção de atenção em saúde à população idosa. O curso, desta forma, afirmou-se enquanto estratégia profícua para aprofundamento sobre a temática do suicídio e para potencializar o trabalho em rede, promovendo a potência do encontro entre atores locorregionais para o cuidado da população idosa.
Português como língua de acolhimento no interior do Rio Grande do Norte: Projeto SOS Português & Aldeias Infantis
Authors: Oliveira Márcia
Published: March 2020

RESUMO: Com a recente onda de entrada de imigrantes refugiados no Brasil, surgiu nos últimos anos neste país um processo pelo qual a língua portuguesa passou a ser necessidade de várias pessoas que aqui vieram pedir asilo ou refúgio. Neste trabalho queremos mostrar através de um breve relato a realização de um curso de português como língua de acolhimento oferecido a um grupo de refugiados venezuelanos acolhidos pela ONG SOS Aldeias Infantis em Caicó/RN. Nosso principal objetivo será mostrar alguns dos métodos e atividades usadas além das principais dificuldades encontradas nesta ação. Para Gomes de Matos (2014), professores podem praticar simples ações positivas que os transformem em agentes humanizadores, tais como conhecer as histórias, expectativas e desejos dos seus alunos. Tomando como base esta Linguística da Paz, é como mostraremos como a dimensão afetiva dos seres discursivos envolvidos no proceso tiveram um rol importante para o sucesso deste projeto.  PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Português como língua de acolhimento. Linguística da Paz Aplicada. Projeto SOS Português e Aldeias Infantis.
Certificações de cunho sócio-ambiental na região do Cerrado Mineiro: Um caminho a ser pautado por valores éticos, sociais e ambientais.
Authors: Aguiar Bruno Henrique
Published: March 2020

Este relato de experiência parte de uma pesquisa sobre as certificações de cunho sócio-ambiental, realizada na região do Cerrado Mineiro. Onde um dos pesquisadores, através de sua vivência no decorrer da pesquisa busca destacar os benefícios na preservação do meio ambiente e de responsabilidade social através das certificações; elencar possíveis limitações desse modelo de certificações; e destacar a necessidade do diálogo entre pesquisa e sociedade, e a entrega de resultados à mesma. Foram visitados 12 municípios entre Araguari MG e Campos Altos MG onde o pesquisador esteve com cerca de 100 produtores durante a pesquisa e vivenciou experiências diversas sobre tais certificações. A intenção é destacar a partir da experiência de um dos autores como auxiliar de pesquisa o papel das certificações de cunho sócio-ambiental na região Cerrado Mineiro e a relação entre pesquisa e extensão.
INTRODUÇÃO ÀS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: RELATOS DE EXPERIÊNCIA SOBRE UM CURSO DE EXTENSÃO
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Viviane Vidal , Silva Bega Maria Tarcisa , Retka Costa Eder Augusto , Ribas Maciel Barbara , Françóia Loss Valentina , Brantes Mariane , Trindade Gomes Ariely , Palmares Jonas
Published: March 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência do curso de extensão “Políticas Públicas: Uma introdução ao tema” ofertado pelo Programa de Desenvolvimento Urbano e Regional (PDUR), junto ao Grupo de Pesquisa Sociologia e Políticas Sociais, ambos vinculados ao Departamento de Sociologia e ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia da Universidade Federal do Paraná. O curso de extensão atendeu a comunidade acadêmica e agentes públicos e sociais externos à Universidade, mas que lidam com o tema das políticas públicas, seja como tema de estudo ou na prática profissional, bem como em movimentos sociais. Tal relato tem como base a avaliação feita pelos alunos do curso, concluintes ou não, por meio de um formulário eletrônico respondido ao final do mesmo. Esta avaliação possibilitou uma reflexão sobre a experiência da extensão universitária, além de proposições e ajustes para uma futura segunda edição do curso. Foi possível, também, concluir que o curso contribuiu em grande medida para a formação acadêmica de alunos de graduação e pós-graduação da UFPR e de outras instituições, para a prática profissional de servidores da UFPR e de agentes públicos e sociais da comunidade externa, e, por fim, para a compreensão das políticas públicas em geral e seu papel em diferentes contextos políticos e econômicos da sociedade brasileira.