bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ajuste de la Red Altimétrica Nacional de Primer Orden en términos de números geopotenciales y derivación de los diferentes tipos de alturas físicas en Uruguay
Authors:   , Faure Valbi Jorge
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo analiza la influencia cuantitativa de la gravedad en las determinaciones altimétricas de Uruguay, así como compara los diferentes tipos de alturas físicas en los puntos de la Red Altimétrica Nacional de Primer Orden. Las alturas disponibles oficialmente se refieren al Datum Vertical establecido por Decreto del Poder Ejecutivo en el año 1948, el cual establece el Nivel Medio de las Aguas del Puerto de Montevideo como referencia. La propagación de las alturas en todo el territorio se realizó mediante nivelación clásica, a las cuales se le aplicó una corrección a partir de la gravedad teórica previamente calculada para cada punto, conformándose Líneas de Nivelación de Primer, Segundo y Tercer Orden. La Red Gravimétrica Fundamental complementa la información geodésica disponible a ser utilizada en el presente trabajo. Se predice la gravedad para aquellos puntos pertenecientes a las Líneas de Nivelación de Primer Orden que no cuentan con gravedad observada, obteniéndose la misma con la precisión requerida para el cálculo de los números geopotenciales. Disponiéndose de la información geodésica necesaria (desnivel medido y gravedad), se calculan las diferencias de números geopotenciales sobre las Líneas de Nivelación de Primer Orden. Se determina el valor de referencia (C0) concordante con el Datum Vertical. Inicialmente se compensan los 8 polígonos que conforman el Primer Orden, a través de sus puntos extremos (Nodales). Luego de ello, se densifica hacia el interior de cada línea, el resultado es la obtención de los números geopotenciales (C) referidos al Datum Vertical para todos los puntos. A partir de los valores calculados, se derivan los diferentes tipos de alturas físicas pasibles de ser calculadas (ortométricas, normales) y se comparan con las alturas niveladas ajustadas (alturas oficiales de Uruguay), es destacable que la precisión en las alturas obtenidas tras el ajuste es mejor en todos los casos que las oficiales. La máxima desviación estándar en altura normal obtenida para los Nodales es de 4.7 cm. La máxima diferencia entre altura normal de Molodensky y altura oficial, sobre los Nodales es de 4.0 cm, y si comparamos con la altura ortométrica de Helmert es de 4.21 cm. Se calculan alturas normales de Molodensky, Vignal, Bomford y Hirvonen, así como ortométricas de Helmert, Mader y Baranov. Se comparan los valores obtenidos en cada caso. Finalmente se calculan las correcciones ortométricas y normales, aplicables a los desniveles medidos para obtener desniveles ortométricos y normales respectivamente. Considerando todos los tramos calculados, la máxima corrección ortométrica es de 4.3 mm, y la máxima corrección normal de 7.9 mm.
SUCCESSION MANAGEMENT PLANNING DIMENSION: A CASE OF MUSLIM FAMILY BUSINESS OWNER’S IN KEDAH STATE
Authors: Abdullah Syahrina , Abu Yazid Afifah , Mohamad Armanurah
Published: April 2023

Family business is very important to economic growth because it can contribute to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country. A family business is a business entity managed by the same family members. Although there are no complete statistics on the number of family businesses in Malaysia, but family businesses in Malaysia have a contribution to the country, especially family businesses owned by Muslims. The main objective of this paper is to study succession management planning in an Islamic family business in the state of Kedah. Thus, this paper discusses the succession planning process from the founder (original owner) to the second and subsequent generations. This study was conducted qualitatively using a case study approach. Interview techniques were used for data collection on second generation owners of Muslim family businesses. The results of the study found that there are six (6) main dimensions as contributors to the succession planning factors of a family business, namely (i) Identifying replacement candidates; (ii) Involvement of family members in business management; (iii) Develop survival tools for replacement candidates; (iv) Educate and nurture replacement candidates; (v) Consider assistance from outside parties and (vi) Develop an environment of respect and trust. Thus, family businesses should have a succession planning process so that the business can be administered by the next generation efficiently.
POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATION ELEMENTS WITHIN THE ‘MAGAHAU’ OF MOMOGUN RUNGUS ETHNIC IN SABAH, MALAYSIA
Authors: Hamdan Jelani , Ationg Romzi , Esa Mohd Sohaimi , Othman Irma Wani , Mokhtar Saifulazry
Published: April 2023

Magahau is the main festival of the Momogun Rungus ethnic group in Sabah and is celebrated every year or every few years. This festival began to be celebrated on a large scale in 2009 as an extension of the Matunggong Customary Law Convention (2009), organised by the Matunggong Subdistrict Native Court which stipulates that the festival be held every year or every few years. The convention attended by practitioners of Rungus Customary Law from all over Kudat District, Matunggong Sub-District, Kota Marudu District and Pitas District which are districts with large Rungus population who aware that in the past, Magahau was usually celebrated by several villages or at least one village or several families. This made the delegates to decide that Magahau is a festival that is considered significance by the Momogun Rungus ethnic group. As a main festival, Magahau is also considered as a festival that highlights political and administrative elements that are not appreciated by various parties. Accordingly, based on the use of qualitative methods for the collection of related information, this paper highlights the political and administrative elements in the Magahau festival held annually by the Momogun Rungus ethnic group in Sabah.
JOB FINDER WEBSITE FOR DISABLED PEOPLE: REQUIREMENTS ELICITATION
Authors: Wan Hariri Wan Amalina , Razali Suriyati , Mokhtar Ermiera Shafika
Published: April 2023

Requirements elicitation plays an important role as an activity to capture the needs from stakeholders in a variety of context. Being the earliest phase in requirements engineering process, we believed that the responsibility of selecting right requirements elicitation technique is among the essential factors contributing to the success or failure of developed system. This research explores the requirements elicitation activity within the context of developing Job Finder Website for disabled people. To provide a website that can fulfil disabled user needs, the requirements engineer certainly faced challenges. However, if an appropriate selection of requirements elicitation techniques was not neglected, requirements elicitation activity conducted with disabled people can gain accurate user requirements. This research refers to Malaysia Social Welfare Department’s as a case to study whether selected requirements elicitation technique is suitable for people with visual, communication, hearing and physical disability. Before the correct requirement elicitation techniques were selected, selection criteria were identified based on literature and interview session with Malaysia Social Welfare Department’s employees. We then demonstrate the applicability of selected techniques through illustrative examples. The output of this work is a list of requirements elicitation techniques to be applied in designing Job Finder Website for Disabled People.
CHANGES IN FIRST-TIME TRAVELLERS' MOTIVATIONS FOR SHARED ACCOMMODATIONS: INSIGHTS FROM SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY
Authors: Lei Qin
Published: April 2023

In recent years, more and more travellers have chosen shared accommodations as their tourism accommodations, and their initial motivations tend to be different from their motivations after participation. However, beyond anecdotal evidence, there is a dearth of understanding of changes in motivations for first-time travellers. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how first-time shared accommodation travellers change over time (hereafter referred to as first-time travellers) by employing Self-Determination theory (SDT) as the theoretical foundation. The data was collected with the purposive sampling approach from 30 first-time travellers’ interviews, before and after their first experience of shared accommodations. The results indicate that changes in first-time travellers’ basic needs are found to internalize or externalize their motivations in repeat participation. This study adds to the literature on the dynamic motivation process for first-time travellers, identifies the underlying reasons behind the motivational changes, and provides marketing strategies for shared accommodation practitioners to target and attract this group of travellers to use shared properties repeatedly.
Pelatihan Pengembangan Potensi Wisata Di Desa Waara Kabupaten Buton Tengah
Authors: Harry Fajar Maulana  , Hastuti Hastuti  , Nur Taqwa Utami  , Safarina Isram
Published: April 2023

Waara Village, Central Buton Regency, is one of Indonesia's villages with tourism potential that has not been optimally developed. This activity aims to examine the training of tourism potential development in Waara Village and its impact on sustainable tourism management. The training method used in developing tourism villages is a participatory approach, where the community is actively involved in planning and implementing tourism village development programs. Participation and participation of the community and stakeholders are also very important in developing sustainable tourism and preserving the environment and local culture. After identifying tourism potential, the next step is to strengthen the capacity of the community through training and development of tourism management skills that can be done through extensive training by various institutions, such as the government, NGOs, and academic institutions, which can encourage the development of tourism potential and stimulate local economic growth.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTSKILL-BASED VIDEO GAME LEARNING MEDIA FOR MUFRᾹDAT MASTERY IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL LEARNERS
Authors: Ramlan Ramlan , Syahril Sulthan , Kesuma Guntur Cahaya , Erlina Erlina , Aridan Muhammad
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the development process, feasibility, response, and effectiveness of soft skills-based video game learning media in mastering mufrodat. This research is a type of development research (R&D). By using the five steps of the ADDIE development model, namely 1) analysis, 2) design, 3) development, 4) implementation, and 5) evaluation. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observations, questionnaires and tests. The research data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. This research results in a soft skill-based video game Learning Media for mufrodat acquisition. Based on the validation that has been done by material and language experts, media experts and 8th-grade Arabic teachers, the average score is 4.63 with the category "very feasible". Based on the small group trial, the average score was 4.47, and in the large group, the average score was 4.61 with the interpretation of "very good" feasibility. In the pretest results of students' mastery of mufrodat, the average result was 42.44, and the average posttest score after using the developed media was 88.09. Thus, the soft skill-based video game learning media is feasible and effective for learning mufrodat of grade VIII students.
ANALISA SITUASI DAN PERAN INSTITUSI MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Hardy Syaifoel , Saeroji Saeroji , Tukayo Isak
Published: April 2023

Latar belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada semua segi kehidupan global termasuk seluruh program Keluarga Berencana (KB) nasional yang mencakup Pembangunan Keluarga, Keluarga Berencana (KB) dan Kependudukan. Implementasi ketiga program tersebut melibatkan kader atau yang dikenal sebagai Institusi Masyarakat Pedesaan (IMP). Tujuan: Mengkaji situasi peran IMP dalam program-program KB selama masa Covid-19 dan mengidentifikasi kemungkian solusinya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi antara tinjauan pustaka dan survei analitik. Data primer diambil dari 57 responden yang berpartisipasi dalam survey berupa kuesioner, dilakukan secara Online pada 1-3 Mei 2021. Data sekunder berasal dari hasil tinjauan kepustakaan dengan menekankan konten pada peran IMP, manfaat dan strategi pembinaan. Sumber-sumber kepustakaan antara lain berasal dari WHO, Peraturan Pemerintah, BKKBN, Kementerian Kesehatan, BPS, serta berbagai  jurnal terkait dari dalam dan luar negeri. Olah data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kombinasi Skala Nominal dan Skala Guttman. Hasil: Hasil penelitian dengan Skala Nominal menunjukkan 57 responden (100%) merasa Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak besar terhadap peran IMP. Dalam Skala Guttman menunjukkan dalam peran penyuluhan sebesar 200%, disusul peran pendataan dan pencatatan (142.34%) dan peran pelayanan KB (105.26%). Diskusi: Solusi yang disarankan adalah dengan berupa peningkatan kegiatan kolaborasi antara kader, PKB, pamong desa, pemerintah daerah serta pemerintah pusat sangat dibutuhkan dalam pelaksanaan program KB.
Strategi Keberhasilan Berhenti Merokok : Systematic Review
Authors: Tampubolon Nurhannifah Rizky
Published: April 2023

Latar belakang: Pengalaman berhenti merokok dari berbagai latar belakang individu bisa menjadi masukan untuk menyusun strategi keberhasilan berhenti merokok. Tujuan literature review ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi yang komprehensif terkait bagaimana dukungan yang dibutuhkan dan hambatan yang dihadapi untuk bisa berhasil berhenti merokok. Metode literature review ini dilakukan mengikuti panduan PRISMA. Database untuk mencari literatur studi ini adalah Pubmed dengan kombinasi kata kunci: adult AND smoking cessation AND barrier/stress/withdrawal syndrome AND motivation/family support. Hasil: Studi ini menemukan 8 literatur yang membentuk  5 garis besar sebagai hasil review yaitu: motivasi dan efikasi diri berhenti merokok, dukungan keluarga, teman dan lingkungan, miskonsepsi tentang rokok, akses terhadap rokok, dan program berhenti merokok. Miskonsepsi terhadap rokok, seperti memandang wajar orang yang merokok merupakan stigma di masyarakat yang menjadi penghambat keberhasilan upaya berhenti merokok. Jika masyarakat memiliki konsep yang benar dan stigma negatif terhadap rokok akan membuat perokok merasa bersalah dengan sendirinya saat merokok. Simpulan: Program berhenti merokok memerlukan integrasi antara dokter/pihak medis dengan pemberi layanan berhenti merokok. Edukasi masih menjadi poin penting dalam program berhenti merokok dan upaya untuk menurunkan jumlah perokok secara menyeluruh. Inovasi yang melibatkan gaya belajar visual, auditori dan sharing pengalaman dari role model menjadi masukan untuk peningkatan efektifitas program edukasi.
Efektivitas Bermain Origami Untuk Meningkatkan Perkembangan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Prasekolah
Authors: Lestari Katrina Feby
Published: April 2023

Latar Belakang: Bermain origami adalah salah satu cara yang dapat membantu menstimulasi perkembangan motorik halus. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan pada 10 orang anak, ada 2 orang yang belum bisa menggoyangkan ibu jari, 2 orang yang belum bisa meniru garis vertikal, 2 orang belum bisa menggambar orang, 2 orang belum bisa membuat menara dari kubus, dan 2 orang belum bisa mencontoh gambar lingkaran maupun kotak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh bermain origami terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak usia prasekolah di PAUD Tunas Harapan Desa Gio Timur Kecamatan Moutong. Metode: Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan quasi eksperimen dan pendekatan one group pretest-posttest. Hasil: Berdasarkan uji statistik Wilcoxon didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dalam perkembangan motorik otot halus anak antara saat sebelum dan setelah intervensi dengan nilai p = 0,005. Diskusi: Terdapat pengaruh bermain origami terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak usia prasekolah di PAUD Tunas Harapan Desa Gio Timur Kecamatan Moutong.
Rasa Takut Terhadap Kematian Di Antara Mahasiswa Keperawatan
Authors: Br Peranginangin Mori Agustina
Published: April 2023

Latar Belakang: Menghadapi kematian adalah pengalaman paling menegangkan dan menimbulkan rasa takut dan cemas bagi mahasiswa keperawatan dalam menjalani praktik klinis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi rasa takut dan cemas yang dialami oleh responden terkait kematian dan kondisi sekarat, baik yang dialami diri sendiri maupun orang lain. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif ini dilakukan kepada 163 mahasiswa keperawatan di Universitas Advent Bandung dengan tehnik convenience sampling menggunakan kuesioner A Revised Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale untuk mengukur rasa takut dan cemas terhadap kematian dan kondisi sekarat, baik yang terjadi pada diri sendiri maupun pada orang lain.  Hasil: Bila diranking rasa takut yang paling besar dirasakan adalah: 1) Takut terhadap kematian orang lain (rerata 26.48); 2) Takut mengalami kondisi sekarat (rerata 25.33); 3) Takut melihat orang lain sekarat (rerata 24.42); dan 4) Takut mengalami kematian (mean 22.43). Hal yang paling ditakutkan terkait kematian diri sendiri adalah mati muda (rerata 3.79). Hal yang paling ditakutkan bila mengalami kondisi sekarat adalah merasakan sakit (rerata 4.04). Hal yang paling ditakutkan dari kematian orang lain adalah kehilangan seseorang yang dekat (mean 4.35). Hal yang paling menakutkan dalam melihat orang lain sekarat adalah melihat mereka menderita kesakitan (mean: 4.13). Diskusi: Pendidikan keperawatan memainkan peran kunci dalam mempersiapkan perawat masa depan dalam menghadapi pasien yang sekarat. Oleh karena itu penting untuk menyediakan dukungan psikologi atau pendidikan khusus untuk mengatasi rasa takut terhadap kematian.
A Hybrid Proactive Caching System in Vehicular Networks based on Contextual Multi-armed Bandit Learning
Authors: Wang Qiao , Grace David
Published: April 2023

Proactive edge caching has been regarded as an effective approach to satisfy user experience in mobile networks by providing seamless content transmission and reducing network delay. This is particularly useful in rapidly changing vehicular networks. This paper addresses the proactive edge caching (at roadside unit (RSU)) problem in vehicular networks by mobility prediction, i.e., next RSU prediction. Specifically, the paper proposes a \textit{Hybrid cMAB Proactive Caching System} that implements two parallel online reinforcement learning-based mobility prediction algorithms and allows RSUs to adaptively finalize their predictions to identify as proactive caching nodes. The two parallel prediction algorithms are based on Contextual Multi-armed bandit (cMAB) learning, called Dual-context cMAB and Single-context cMAB. The hybrid system is further developed into two variants: Vehicle-Centric and RSU-Centric. In addition, the paper also conducts comprehensive simulation experiments to evaluate the prediction performance of the proposed hybrid system. They include three traffic scenarios: Commuting traffic, Random traffic and Mixed traffic in Las Vegas, USA and Manchester, UK. With the different road layouts in the two urban areas, the paper aims to generalize the application of the system. Simulation results show that the hybrid Vehicle-Centric system can reach nearly 95% cumulative prediction accuracy in the Commuting traffic scenario and outperform the other methods used for comparison by reaching nearly 80% accuracy in Mixed traffic scenario. Even in the completely Random traffic scenario, it also guarantees a minimum accuracy of nearly 60%.
A Generalized Noise Reconstruction Approach for Robust DOA Estimation
Authors: Cong Jingyu , Wang Xianpeng , Lan Xiang , Liu Wei
Published: April 2023

A generalized noise reconstruction approach is proposed for improved direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. First, coarse estimation of the noise component in the received data is obtained based on cumulative sum of approximate first-order finite difference series, where the generalized pattern search (GPS) algorithm is used to find the best initial value. The objective function is constructed with the total noise power estimated by the least squares (LS) method. After that, a new cumulative sum constructed with the solution from the previous step is used to accurately reconstruct the noise component in the data. Finally, robust DOA estimation is achieved through the denoised data. In simulations, different cases of noise, such as non-uniform noise, colored noise, impulsive noise, and K-distribution sea clutter, are considered. Real-world frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar data is also used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Enabling Intelligent Omni-Surfaces in the Polarization Domain: Principles, Implementation and Applications
Authors: Palomares-Caballero Ángel , Molero Jiménez Carlos , Ghadi Farshad Rostami , López-Martínez F. Javier , Padilla Pablo , Morales-Jimenez David , Valenzuela-Valdés Juan
Published: April 2023

Wireless communications based on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have upsurged as a key research topic in the communication-theoretic arena. Recently, the RIS concept has evolved into the so-called simultaneously transmitting and reflecting intelligent omni-surfaces (STAR-IOS, or simply IOS), which extend the RIS functionality by incorporating transmission (in addition to reflection) capabilities. To realize STAR-IOS, full and independent reconfiguration capabilities for both reflected and transmitted waves are crucially required. However, such full independent reconfiguration has thus far been hurdled by the intimate coupling between the transmission and reflection behaviour of the IOS elements. To overcome this challenge and realize the full potential of reconfigurable IOS-aided systems, we here advocate for the use of the polarization domain in the design and operation of STAR-IOS. Thanks to the polarization- dependent features of IOS elements, fully independent (reconfigurable) transmission and reflection modes can be delivered, thus bringing key performance improvements and opportunities for new communication scenarios.
Uses of Precious Stones Among Arab Women Before Islam
Authors: حسن حسنين عبد الرزاق
Published: April 2023

حظت الأحجار الكريمة بمكانة مرموقة لدى شعوب العالم القديم ، كونها شكّلت مصدراً مهما من مصادرمجوهراتهم وحلي نساءهم ، وعلاجا أصيلاً في تداوي عدد من أمراضِهم ، وشفاءاً روحيا يفضي للتفاؤل والسعادة عِبرَإقتنائها وحملها ، لاسيما من قِبَل المُعتقدين بتأثيراتها على الأنسان .ولم تكن المرأة العربية بمنأى عن إهتمامات حضارات العالم المجاورة لها ، فقد واكبتهم وأخذت منهم ما ناسبذوقها في الحلي والمجوهرات كأحجار اللؤلؤ والياقوت والزمرد، وشرعت بأستعمال عددٍ من الأحجار الكريمة في وصفاتالعلاج والتداوي من بعض الأمراض والإصابات كأحجار الفادزهر والمغناطيس والأثمد ، كما أستعملت أحجار الفيروزجوعين الهرّ والجزع للوقاية من الحسد وطرد الأرواح الشريرة ، ظنا منها إن تلك الأحجار قادرة على حمايتها ودرءالأخطار الغيبية عنها ، وهذه من العقائد التي شاعت في حضارة العرب قبل الإسلام ، لوجود الأرضية الخصبة المؤمنةبالأساطير والسِحر والخُرافة ، التي رسّخها الكُهّان والسّحَرَة وتُجّار الأحجار الكريمة ، قاصدين من وراء ذلك التَحكُّم فيعقول النساء ، خدمة لمصالحهم الأقتصادية والأجتماعية .
International and Regional Competition for the African Coast
Authors: عبيد بشرى عبد الكاظم
Published: April 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة الى تحليل ودراسة الأهمية الاستراتيجية والجيوبولتيكية لمنطقة الساحل الأفريقي, مماا زاد ماحدة التنافس الإقلليمي على موارد المنطقة, لاسيما موارد الطاقلاة التاي لتبات ولازالات تأاكل حاد محااور الصارا والتناافسبي هذه القوى .وقلد حاولت الباحثاة اساتتراا التناافس باي القاوى الدولياة ولمماا فراساا والولاياات المتحادة الأمريكياة والصاي ,والإقلليمية الجزائر وليبيا تجااه السااحل الأفريقاي, إذ الاحا ا هناا علاقلاة ارتبايياة تتا سر سالبا وايجاباا باي حادة الصاراوشدة تنافس القوى الكبرى للسيطرة على دول المنطقة وبي مدى الاستقرار السياسي والاقلتصادي الذي تتمتع به هذه الادول,وينتكس ذلك بصورة مباشرة علاى مادى تحقيالا الاساتقرار والأما فاي المنطقاة, إذ تتمال الولاياات المتحادة الأمريكياة علاىتحجيم النفوذ الفراسي, بينما تقوم فراسا بالتتاو مع الصي وليبيا للحد م النفوذ الأمريكاي وحماياة مصاالحما فاي المنطقاة,وهذا لاينفي ا منطقة الساحل الأفريقي لم تك مجرد ساحة للتنافس الدولي, بل كاات في كثير م الاحيا فاعلا ومؤسرا, إذا دول الساحل شجتت بتض الأيراف على دخول حلبة التنافس واعترضت على دور يراف خرى, واتبتات تلاك الادولسياسة خارجية تمدف الى تحقيلا التنمية الاقلتصادية وتدعيم الاستقرار السياسي في المنطقة, فكا تأجيع هذه الدول للتناافسيصب في مصلحتما, ويجذب الأستثمارات الأجنبية الى راضيما.
Semantic (Badi'iyah)Readings in The Prophetic Praise Poetry (Mada'h Nabawiya) (Abdel Rahim Bin Ahmad Bin Ali Al Borai as a case study)
Authors: رشيد اسراء مؤيد
Published: April 2023

The importance of this topic may not be overlooked by many of the specialists, because it is one the sciences of the Arabic language, but it is an important method in the field of influencing the recipient and his aesthetic ability to create influential images as well.The talking about Semantic (Badi'iyah)is as old as the Arabic age, so it may be talking about it not the new thing because the people who specialized have preceded us and exhausted all the talk .
Hussein AL-Husseiny and his Politilcal Role in Lebanon (1968-1992)
Authors: عباس حسنين عبدالحسين
Published: April 2023

The study of the historical figures is one of the important in modern history since it is main focus is to show the political , economic or social product of a specific person throughout his life . Therefore , the subject of my research is “ Hussein AL-Husseiny and his politilcal role in Lebanon1968-1992. The research focused on high highting his role in Lebanon within the parliament and the ministry , he has help for the duration of the study. It also dealt with his national attitudes which he lived toward most of crucial issues in Lebanon
Novel of (Ya Mariam), for Sinan Antwane : A Pragmatic Study
Authors: كامل كعيد إشراق , مصحب مهدي سولاف
Published: April 2023

Pragmatics looked at literary discourse as an external subject that needed an actor and based on a communicative relationship, that is, it examines literary work by focusing on the author's intent, and attempting to monitor the pilgrim and logical dimension in the text. It focuses on the practical and communicative aspect of the language, which aims to convince the recipient and his or her emotional influence.And the novel (Yamrim) starting from the title (Sos) communication, and building dialogue and pilgrims based on two different logic completely, the logic of optimism and look at things with absolute objectivity, the logic of pessimism and closure and look at things with absolute passion. These two tendencies are embodied by the characters Joseph and Maha, who have the task of recounting most of the events of the novel.The researchers adopted the deliberative approach in the study of the novel through reading semantics and meanings, temporal and spatial indications and aids, and monitoring of interferences, dialogues and the pilgrim dimension, reference references to the writer's destination and text, as well as the use of descriptive analytic methods. It was incumbent on us to present a theoretical framework for the concept of the deliberative approach and a brief presentation of its origin and development, and its applicability to the narrative text, which is included in the first part of the research.
The Islamic Terms in Moufdi Zakaria’s Poems : A Lexicographic and Semantic Study
Authors: عبد القادر سلامي Abdul Kader Salamy
Published: April 2023

This study seeks to examine the language context of the prominent Revolution’s poet, Moufdi Zakaria, in his anthology “ The Algerian Odyssey " )إلياذة الجزائر( in which he makes use of the Coranic terms explicitly and implicitly. Besides, it seeks to explore the content of his terms from a lexicographic and semantic point of view in their Islamic and human dimensions
A Cognitive Linguistic Study of the English Preposition 'in'
Authors: Aajami Raghad Fahmi
Published: April 2023

The present study aims at analyzing the polysemy of the English preposition in from the cognitive linguistic (CL) point of view using Evans' and Tyler's approach (2003). The perplexity faced by Iraqi second language learners (L2) due to the multi-usages of this preposition has motivated the researcher to conduct this study. Seventy-six second year university students participated in this experimental study. The data of the pre-test and post-test were analyzed by SPSS statistical editor. The results have shown the following: First, a progress of more than (0.05≤) has been detected as far as students' understanding of the multiple usages of the preposition in is concerned. Second, the results of the questionnaire have shown a prominent positive change in the students' attitude toward CL approach. Third, the main source of difficulty has been shown to be attributed to the diversity in the semantics of the preposition in. Fourth, CL as an approach has proven its effectiveness in accurately comprehending the semantics of the English preposition in.
كفاءة الخدمات التعليمية في مدينة جلولاء
Authors: Mahmoud Ali Abid
Published: April 2023

تُعدُ مدينة جلولاء مركز الناحية جلولاء التابعة ادارياً إلى قضاء خانقين، يبلغ عدد سكانها (62117) نسمة لعام 2018م  ومساحتها (  453،5) هكتاراً ، تعاني مدينة جلولاء من عدم توازن في التوزيع الجغرافي للخدمات التربوية بين الإحياء السكنية إذ تتركز أغلب المدارس في حي الوحدة بينما توجد أحياء سكنية لا توجد فيها سوى مدرسة واحدة :كحي المعسكر، والتجنيد وبحسب عدد سكان المدينة إذ تحتاج مدينة جلولاء إلى أحدى عشرة روضة للأطفال وتحتاج إلى مدرسة ابتدائية واحدة ،وثمان مدارس متوسطة ،وإعداديتين وثلاث مدارس ثانوية ،ومدرستين مهنيتين ،وبالرغم من انخفاض نصيب المعلم أو المدرس بالنسبة لعدد الطلبة أي دون (25) طالبأً وطالبة، إلا ان هذا لايعد مؤشراً دقيقاً وذلك إنّ بعض المدارس تعاني فائضاً في الاختصاصات : التربية الرياضية ،والارشاد التربوي وتعاني من نقص واضح في التخصصات العلمية :كالفيزياء،والكيمياء ،والآحياء، والرياضيات وهذه المشكلة تبدو بصورة واضحة في المدارس الإعدادية والثانوية ، أما عن عدد الطلبة في الشعبة الواحدة إذ يرتفع العدد عن المعيار التخطيطي الذي يحدد عدد الطلبة في الشعبة الواحدة مابين (20ـ40) طالباً وطالبة ويحتاج ذلك إلى بناء صفوف إضافية لتخفيف عدد الطلبة في الشعبة ، وعن معيار المسافة فأغلب الطلبة يقطع مسافة أكبر من مسافة المعايير التخطيطية ويعود الأمر إلى عدم التوازن في التوزيع الجغرافي للخدمات التربوية في مدينة جلولاء وتحتاج مدينة خانقين اليوم الى اعادة بناء مدارسها وفق متطلبات البناء الحديث واعادة بناء المدارس المتضررة بعد احداث عام 2014وحل مشكلة الدوام المزدوج والثلاثي والذي بدوره اثر على وقت حصة الدرس مع بناء قاعات للمختبرات التي تحتاجها بعض الدروس العلمية
الابتكار المجتمعي ودوره في إدماج النوع الإجتماعي بقضايا التنمية
Authors: Al-Hussaini Zahraa Imad , Alahbab Shaimaa Hussain
Published: April 2023

يعد إدماج النوع الإجتماعي يعد بمثابة غاية وهدف لبناء مجتمع يتميز بالعدالة والتكافئ ، إن عملية إدماج النوع الإجتماعي تتطلب الفهم الواضح والدقيق للمفهوم لذلك ركز البحث على مفهوم النوع الإجتماعي وكيف تم تناوله في الأدبيات والتي من خلالها تم إستخلاص المفاهيم المرتبطة بالنوع الإجتماعي والمتمثلة بالدور والمكانة الإجتماعية والتي من خلالها يمكن قياس علاقة النوع الاجتماعي ، ولمعرفة الاساس في اختلاف مكانة وأدوار كلا الجنسين في المجتمعات تم التطرق الى النظريات المفسرة للنوع الإجتماعي والتي من خلالها تم استخلالص أهم العوامل التي تؤثر على علاقات النوع الإجتماعي والمتمثلة بالعوامل البيولوجية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية فضلا عن النظم السياسية . ونظرا لتغير هذه العوامل زمانيا ومكانيا فان علاقات النوع الإجتماعي متغيره أيضا . ونتيجة لهذه التغيرات أضحى مفهوم النوع الإجتماعي مفهوما بارزا في مختلف مفاصل الحياة وكان موضع اهتمام العديد من الكتاب والباحثين والمؤتمرات حول كيفية إدماج النوع الإجتماعي وماهي الآليات التي تساهم في عملية الإدماج ، وركز البحث على مفهوم الابتكار الاجتماعي ودور المبادرات المجتمعية كوسيلة لادماج النوع الإجتماعي بقضايا التنمية .

وتتوضح مشكلة البحث بالقصور المعرفي بشأن أهمية الابتكارات المجتمعية في أدماح وحل قضايا النوع الإجتماعي ويذلك يفترض البحث : ان الابتكارات والمبادرات المجتمعية الخاصة بقضايا النوع الاجتماعي تسهم في إدماج المفهوم(النوع الاجتماعي) على مجالات و مستوبات .
مهارات الاستعداد القرائي لدى أطفال الرياض (التمهيدي)
Authors: Salim Estabraq Dawood
Published: April 2023

يهدف البحث التعرف الى :

مهارات الاستعداد للقراءة لدى أطفال الرياض.

لا يوجد فرق ذا دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط درجات مهارات الاستعداد القرائي عند افراد العينة ككل والمتوسط الفرضي للمقياس.

الفروق في مهارات الاستعداد للقراءة لدى أطفال الرياض تبعا لمتغير الجنس (ذكور، اناث ).

لا يوجد فرق ذا دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط درجات مهارات الاستعداد القرائي لدى أطفال الرياض على وفق متغير الجنس (ذكور، اناث) .

وتحقيقاً لأهداف البحث قامت الباحثة باعتماد اختبار (الخفاف، 2014) لمهارات الاستعداد القرائي، اذ تكون من سبع مهارات هي: التمييز البصري ، والتمييز السمعي ، والتمييز السمعي البصري، والذاكرة البصرية ،والذاكرة السمعية ،والتتبع البصري والنطق والكلام، وطبقت الباحثة الاختبار على عينة بلغ عددها (100) طفلاً وطفلة من أطفال الرياض المتواجدين في الرياض الحكومية في مدينة بغداد للعام الدراسي (2018-2019).

وقد تحققت الباحثة من الخصائص القياسية السايكومترية للاختبار والمتمثلة بالصدق والثبات ،وكان التحقق من الصدق بطريقتين هما الصدق الظاهري وصدق البناء ،وجرى استخراج الثبات بطريقة كيودر ريتشاردسون 20 اذ بلغ (0،84)،     وفي ضوء اهداف البحث وبعد تطبيق الاختبار على افراد العينة وتحليل استجاباتهم احصائياً باستخدام الاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون وبايسيريال ومعامل ثبات كيودر ريتشاردسون 20 والاختبار التائي لعينة واحدة.
قياس الرهاب الاجتماعي لدى طالبات الصف الخامس اعدادي
Authors: Muklif Hala Abdulameer
Published: April 2023

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى التعرف على قياس مدى أصابه طالبات الصف الخامس الإعدادي بالرهاب الاجتماعي. وتحدد البحث الحالي بمديرية تربية الكرخ الثانية والعام الدراسي 2015 – 2016م وطالبات الصف الخامس إعدادي. واستعمال المنهج الوصفي.اذ تم عرض الجوانب النظرية والدراسات السابقة الخاصة بالرهاب الاجتماعي وتضمنت إجراءات البحث تطبيق مقياس الرهاب الاجتماعي على عينه عشوائية من طالبات الخامس علمي (تطبيقي) وطالبات الصف الخامس أدبي. وتوصل البحث إلى أن طالبات الصف الخامس إعدادي لديهن رهاب اجتماعي بمستوياته المختلفة ( المنخفض والمتوسط والعالي والعالي جدا)  وفي نهاية البحث تم عرض الاستنتاجات والتوصيات والمقترحات ذات اهمية.
The Role of Supervisory and Training Practices in The Field Education Programmes in Achieving the Course Objectivesfrom the Perspective of the Student Teachers in the Faculty of Science and Arts in Sharourah
Authors: Al-shehri Mohammed Hadi
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed at identifying the role of supervisory and training practices in the field   education program in achieving course objectives from the perspective of the student teachers in the Faculty of Science and Arts in sharourah, and its relationship to some variables (gender, specialization,estimation). To achieve this, the researcher used the descriptive-analytical method, and the study tool was designed, which consists of (24) items distributed on two axes: the objectives of field education and supervisory and training practices.Then, the study tool was applied to the research sample represented in the entire study community, which consists of (65) male and female students in the Faculty of Sciences and Arts in Sharurah Governorate in the academic year 1437-1438 AH. The results of the study indicated that the objectives of the Field Education have been achieved to a large extent , In addition, the field education program and the supervisory and training practices it included have helped in achieving these objectives, with a difference in the role from one practice to another,It was also found that there were no significant differences due to the difference in gender and estimation variables, while there were statistically significant differences due to the difference in the specialty variable in favor of the major of Islamic studies.The study recommended expanding the fields of practice in field education by updating the traditional methods.
The Decisive Answers: A Pragmatic Linguistic Study
Authors: Alawi Kareem Abeed
Published: April 2023

The current research is concerned with studying the decisive answers which are considered quick and conclusive. These answers can effectively interrupt the opponent's argument and close the dialogue.This research is concentrated on deliberative methodology focusing on the decisive answer's activity and ending them through several completing and argument sides. This research consists of an introduction and three parts, the current introduction is focused the light on the concept of decisive answers and its uses in literature and the scarce of speech, and how to consider it with one dialogue description,that dialogue constitute by ? The first part is concerned with those answers through the deliberative methodology and classifying decisive answers in sequence with those answers. Part two is dealt with arrangement and employment of arguments in decisive answers in consist with argument concept, it is studied the mechanism of presenting arguments in this field. The last and the third partis dealt with the origins and the essence of decisive answers through critical necessities that arguments are concentrated through.In this research, there is a concentration in dialogue necessities and the mechanism of intentions for the basis of those answers.
The Impact of Lee’s Cognitive Strategy on the Achievement of the 5th Grade Literary brunch Female Students in the Module of History
Authors: Jabbar Marwa Bashar , Mohammed Ahmed Hashem
Published: April 2023

The research aims to find out the impact of Lee’s cognitive strategy on the achievement of fifth-grade literary students in the module of history. The research community consists of the secondary female day schools of Al-Karkh Al-Oula Directorate General of Education. The size of the research sample comprises (45) female students of the fifth grade of the literary brunch, (21) students for the experimental group and (24) students for the control group. The researchers have chosen an experimental design with partial control to suit the current research and its goal. They used a unified tool to measure the achievement of female students, which consisted of (50) items characterized by sincerity and they extracted the stability of the tool based on the Pearson correlation equation (0.79) and corrected the equation with Syberman (20). The final stability coefficient (0.82), a ratio of stability, which is acceptable in educational and psychological studies. In light of the above, the researchers commenced the experiment application on Wednesday, 19/10/2016. The responses of the students were obtained and the data for the post-achievement test was ready for statistical analysis. The researchers used the following statistical methods (T-test for two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient, Cyberman-Brown equation, Kay square test, Paragraph difficulty coefficient, discrimination coefficient and equation of the effectiveness of incorrect alternatives.....
الاثر البلاغي للمقابلة في شعر ابن الفارض
Authors: Ibrahim Asmaa Khalil , Mansi Mohammed Faraj
Published: April 2023

يمثل الشعر الصوفي عند ابن الفارض صورة حقيقية للتجربة الروحية ، إذ عرض فيه جوانب المشرقة من تجربته، ومعاناته فيها ، عبر صياغته بصور شعرية ؛ لان شعر الصوفي وليد تجربة يسعى فيها الصوفي الى تحقيق غايته  وهي الوصول الى الحق ، لهذا جعل ابن الفرض شعره اداة للتعبير عن تجربته الذاتية ، فعكس فيه الشاعر حياته الصوفية اتي تحرك فيه القوافي والاوزان.

     يقف الشاعر ابن الفارض شاهداً على صنعه الشعر الصوفي خدمة لغاية قائله فهو تجسيد لرحلة الصوفي في المدارج ، والتقلب في المقامات والاحوال ، وهو رحلة نفسية وجدانية وعرفانية ، قائم على تصوير حال الذات الفقيرة في مقامي  الجمع والفرق ، وقد اشتغلت البلاغة اشتغالا عجيبا في أجزائها ، فكانت المقابلة أظهر فنون البديع فيه ، فهو فن متصلا بعمق تصوير الجمع والفرق وألم الذات بافتراقها بعد الجمع الاول ، وحنينها للجمع الكلي . ويبدو شعره قد بني بناءًا متينا مقصودًا ،  تحولت فيه اللغة تحولا منسجماً مع صعود الذات في معراجها الوجداني العرفاني وأدى البديع دورا اساسا على مستوى الفكر والبنية والبناء ، فضلا عن دوره الجمالي
Urban Security in Cities Planning
Authors: Hassan Nagham Khalid Mohammed , Mohammed Luay Taha
Published: April 2023

Cities have witnessed great changes since the planning of the first cities. This is due to the increase in population and problems in services which affect urban security. As such, urban security is directed and affected by the nature of city planning and the types of services. Besides, the kind of services plays an imminent place in providing urban security at all levels. Other factors that influence urban security can be limited to the increase of population, economic and social changes. This leads to losing urban control. This study will explore the historical chronology to identify weaknesses in urban planning since its dawn and reaching solutions to protect urban security. The importance of the research lies in achieving urban security in the city through planning after making a comprehensive study of the areas to the weakness and strength of the urban area, the result is to achieve an integrated urban environment that can provide the needs of the residents with all their activities and societal components, so the residents will no longer need to cover their needs or to resort to methods that may prejudice urban security in the city in order to meet their needs, or to help urban planning generate a crime in certain places of the city if the study of the spaces is not thoroughly studied.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Vitamin E on Growth Performance and Immune System of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Sadiq Rozi Khan , Abrahimkhil Mohammad Azim , Rahimi Najibullah , Banuree Sayed Ziaulhaq , Banuree Sayed Attaul Haq
Published: April 2023

As a potent antioxidant, Vitamin E may lessen the potentially harmful consequences of such oxidative stress to protect broilers against immune-pathological damage. Broiler chicken growth and viability are enhanced by Vitamin E supplementation. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Vitamin E dietary supplementation on broiler chickens’ growth performance and health status. A total of 48 one-day-old Ross chicks were randomly divided into two groups of control and treatment (supplementation of Vitamin E at a dose of 300 mg/kg diet) with three replicates per group. The study included an equal number of Ross breed chicks and Vitamin E dosage in two trials on two different dates (January and March, 2022). In both trials, the obtained results indicated no significant changes in weight gain in the control and treatment groups. In both trials, there were no significant differences in the spleen weight of the control and treated groups; however, from day 1 to 28 of the second trial, the bursa of Fabricius was heavier in the treated group than in the control group. Additionally, Vitamin E had no significant effects on the mitogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and Concanavalin A (Con A). Dosages of 20 and 10 µl for both PHA and Con A did not significantly affect the rate of pure lymphocyte proliferation in chicks fed 300 mg Vitamin E /kg feed. Cell-mediated immunity did not differ significantly between the two trials. The percentages of CD4, CD8, Bu1, and MHCII molecules in the spleen and cecal tonsil of the chicks that received Vitamin E 300 mg/kg feed did not change significantly. The antibody titers against infectious bronchitis and infectious bursal disease vaccines showed no significant differences. On day 42, there was a trend toward an increase in antibody titer in the case of the Newcastle disease vaccine. In conclusion, 300 mg/kg of Vitamin E added to the diet did not improve growth performance and immunity in broiler chicks.
Keywords: Broiler chicken, Growth performance, Immune system, Vitamin E
Thermal Manipulation During Incubation: Effects on Embryo Development, Production Performance, Meat Quality, and Thermal Tolerance of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Meteyake Hèzouwè Tchilabalo , Bilalissi Abidi , Kouame Yaah Aimee Emmanuelle , N’nanle Ombortime , Tona Kokou
Published: April 2023

Thermal manipulations during the embryonic period have positive effects on thermotolerance and the productive performance of broilers subjected to acute heat stress. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of Thermal manipulation during incubation (TMI) on productive performances and thermotolerance of broiler chickens growing in tropical climates. A total of 900 Cobb 500 broiler chicken eggs from a 35-week-old breeder flock were incubated in standard incubation conditions (37.8°C, 60% relative humidity) until day 7, when they were divided into 3 groups (300 eggs per group). The control group (C) was incubated at standard incubation conditions while T6 and T12 groups were subjected to, respectively, 6 hours/day and 12 hours/day of TMI (T° = 39.5°C, relative humidity = 65%, Embryonic day = 7-16). The relative embryo and albumen weight were determined from 10 to 18 days of incubation. The hatching event was checked between 450 and 504 hours of incubation, and egg hatchability, chick quality, and cloacal temperature were also determined. One hundred and twenty-five chicks from each incubation group were transferred to the farm and raised for 6 weeks. During this period, their post-hatch performances were determined. At week 6, blood samples were collected to measure T3, T4, and corticosterone hormone levels. Then, the 6-week-old broilers were slaughtered to determine meat yield and quality. Results showed that the chick’s rectal temperature was significantly reduced in T6 and T12 groups compared to the C group, while hatchability and one-day-old chick weight were not affected. Final body weight and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved in the T12 group, compared to other groups. Thermal manipulation during incubation for 6 and 12 hours significantly reduced mortality rate and pectoralis major muscle drip loss while it increased muscle pH at 24 hours post-mortem (pH24). Corticosterone, T3, and T4 plasma hormone levels at week 6 were also significantly reduced by TMI. Therefore, exposing hatching eggs to 39.5°C and 65% of relative humidity from days 7 to 16 of incubation for 12 hours/day is recommended for the poultry industry in tropical climates.
Keywords: Chronic heat stress, Fast-growing broilers, Hatching and post-hatch performances, Thermal manipulation, Thermotolerance, Meat quality
A KÜLFÖLDI EGÉSZSÉGTURISTÁK GENERÁLTA MAKROGAZDASÁGI HATÁSOK ALAKULÁSA 2017-2020 IDŐSZAKBAN
Authors: Nagy Tamás , Sáránszki Lili , Baumann Lilla Tünde , Bátor Gábor László
Published: April 2023

Az egészségturizmus a globális gazdaság egyik meghatározó szektora, növekvő tendenciája meghaladja a világ GDP-jének növekedési ütemét. A COVID-19 világjárvány következtében a turizmus és ennek részeként az egészségturizmus szektora is szinte ellehetetlenült. Kutatásunk célkitűzése volt az egészségturisztikai céllal Magyarországra érkező külföldi turisták keresletének vizsgálata a 2017-2020 közötti időszakban. További célunk volt számszerűsíteni a külföldi egészségturisták fogyasztása generálta makrogazdasági hatások nagyságrendjét és azok alakulását a 2017-2020-as időszakban. A szekunder kutatás alapinformációit a Központi Statisztikai Hivatal által publikált turisztikai keresleti adatok jelentették. A KSH adatai „A külföldiek magyarországi turisztikai és egyéb kiadásai” megnevezésű adatfelvételből származnak. A felhasznált információk a KSH Tájékoztatási adatbázisából kerültek letöltésre. A COVID19 járvány okán jelentős csökkenés mutatkozott a külföldi turisták beutazások számában. A járványt megelőző évben (2019) már csökkenés jellemezte a wellness-turizmus, valamint az orvosi beavatkozások miatt hazánkba érkező turisták által eltöltött vendégéjszakák számát, a pandémia azonban drasztikus csökkenést eredményezett. 2017-2019 közötti időszakban növekedés volt jellemző a nemzetgazdasági hatások esetében, 2020-ban pedig jelentős visszaesés mutatkozott a külföldről hazánkba egészségturisztikai céllal érkező turisták esetében.  A COVID-19 világjárvány és az ahhoz köthető korlátozások miatt drasztikus mértékben csökkent a külföldről egészségturisztikai céllal érkező turisták aránya, valamint az általuk hazánkban elköltött javak összessége. Ennek következtében jelentősen csökkent hazánk gazdasági bevételei az egészségturizmusból.