bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining a quantum active particle using a non-unitary quantum walk
Authors: Yamagishi Manami , Hatano Naomichi , Obuse Hideaki
Published: August 2024

The main aim of the present paper is to define an active particle in a quantum framework as a minimal model of quantum active matter and investigate difference and commonalities of quantum and classical active matters. Although the research field of active matter has been expanding wider and wider, most research is conducted in classical systems. We here propose a truly deterministic quantum active-particle model with a non-unitary quantum walk as minimal models of quantum active matter. We aim to reproduce similar results obtained previously with classical active Brownian particle; that is, a Brownian particle, with a finite energy take-up, becomes active and climbs up a potential wall. We realize such a system with non-unitary quantum walks. We introduce new internal states, the ground state |G⟩ and the excited state |E⟩, and a new non-unitary operator N(g) for an asymmetric transition between |G⟩ and |E⟩. The non-Hermiticity parameter g promotes transition to the excited state and hence the particle takes up energy from the environment. With our quantum active particle, we successfully observe that the movement of the quantum walker becomes more active in a non-trivial way as we increase the non-Hermiticity parameter g, which is similar to the classical active Brownian particle. Meanwhile, we also observe three unique features of quantum walks, namely, ballistic propagation of peaks in one dimension, the walker staying on the constant energy plane in two dimensions, and oscillations originating from the resonant transition between the ground state |G⟩ and excited state |E⟩ both in one and two dimensions.
Research on the Construction of a Water saving Society in Guizhou
Authors: Yang Yingming , Ning Baoquan , Shan Zhenpei , Yang Meilan
Published: August 2024

In order to implement national management of water resources and strive to comprehensively promote the construction of a water-saving society, this study chose the construction of a water-saving society in Guizhou Province as the research object, investigating the impact of water resources, economic conditions, and water-saving potential on the water-saving society in Guizhou region. Firstly, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to calculate the weights of water resources, socio-economic factors, and water-saving potential. Secondly, the entropy weight method is applied to calculate the weights of water resources, economy, and water-saving potential in Guizhou Province, and the behavioral TOPSIS method is used to calculate the proximity and conduct sensitivity analysis. Finally, the level of water-saving society construction in Guizhou Province was calculated based on AHP and entropy weight method. The research results indicate that the water-saving level in Guiyang city is level three, while the water-saving level in other areas of Guizhou is level four. Guizhou Province has made certain achievements in the construction of a water-saving society, but due to the influence of its karst topography, the construction of a water-saving society has been greatly hindered, resulting in a relatively low overall level. Due to its location in the subtropical region of southern China, Guizhou has an annual rainfall higher than the national average. Although its water resources are relatively good, its economy is relatively weak, and its water-saving potential is enormous. With the continuous development of the economy and the continuous growth of per capita income, it is recommended to prioritize the construction of a water-saving society in urban sustainable development, laying the foundation for the economic development of Guizhou Province and providing reference for the construction of a water-saving society in the region.
M1 macrophage-derived exosomal miRNA-155-5p induced disease inflammatory microglia by targeting SOCS1/JAK1/STAT1 signal pathway in APP/PS1 transgenic mice
Authors: Yan Aijuan , Liu Ying , Yang Fuxia , Lv Mingxuan , Wang Dan , Wang Liping , Shu Jun , Jiao Yuqiong , Xu Ziwei , Zhang Li , Guo Han , Wei Wenshi
Published: August 2024

Background Neuroinflammation represents a prevalent pathological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Research indicates that peripheral immune cells, such as activated macrophages, contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases by triggering neuroinflammatory processes. This suggests that the interaction between immune cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems (CNS) plays a pivotal role in the advancement of AD. Exosomes are recognized as vital mediators facilitating communication between peripheral and CNS immune cells. However, the specific role of peripherally activated macrophages in accelerating AD progression via exosomal pathways remains unresolved. Methods The study employed in vivo and in vitro assays to identify the role of exosomes derived from activated macrophages (M1 macrophages). Methods such as single-cell sequencing, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, western blot, and immunofluorescence were utilized to elucidate how exosomes regulate the interaction between M1 macrophages and CNS immune cells. Results The experimental results initially showed that exosomes derived from M1 macrophages (M1-EXO) were primarily engulfed by microglia both in vitro and in vivo. Subsequent validation indicated that M1-EXO induces the formation of disease inflammatory microglia (DIM), accelerates Aβ accumulation, and contributes to cognitive impairment. Moreover, it was confirmed that exosomal miR-155-5p from M1 macrophages induced DIM formation by reducing SOCS1 expression and activating phosphorylation of the JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway. Conclusion These findings reveal a communication mechanism between peripheral M1 macrophages and central microglia in the metastatic microenvironment mediated by exosomes, affecting the pathological progression of AD. The study also provides theoretical evidence demonstrating a potential mechanism by which M1 macrophages accelerate the progression of AD.
Hypoxia-induced SZT2-AS1 is required for HIF-1 heterodimer formation and histone trimethylation in HCC cells under hypoxic microenvironment
Authors: Wang Yufeng , Liu Runkun , Guo Yixian , Yin Guozhi , Tuo Hang , Zhu Yifeng , Yang Wei , Liu Qingguang
Published: August 2024

Hypoxic microenvironment plays a critical role in solid tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which are canonical transcription factors in response to hypoxia, are stabilized under hypoxia and they coordinate the process of hypoxia-induced gene expression leading to cancer progression. Increasing evidence has indicated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are closely associated with cancer play crucial roles in hypoxia-mediated HCC progression, while the mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we identified a novel lncRNA SZT2-AS1 in HCC, which was induced by hypoxia in a HIF-1-dependent manner and promoted HCC growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. The clinical data indicated that SZT2-AS1 level was substantially upregulated in HCC and significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes, and acted as an independent prognostic predictor. Mechanistically, SZT2-AS1, in turn, recruited HIF-1α and HIF-1β to form the HIF-1 heterodimer. And SZT2-AS1 was required for the occupancy of HIF-1 to hypoxia response elements (HREs) and HIF target gene transcription. In addition, SZT2-AS1 was required for hypoxia-induced histone trimethylation (H3K4me3 and H3K36me3) at HREs. Through recruiting methyltransferase SMYD2, SZT2-AS1 promoted trimethylation modification of H3K4 and H3K36 in HCC cells. Taken together, our results uncovered a lncRNA-involved positive feedback mechanism under hypoxia and established the clinical value of SZT2-AS1 in prognosis and potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Significance: LncRNA SZT2-AS1 involves in a positive feedback mechanism under hypoxia, which provides a therapeutic strategy for HCC.
CMT-YARN: An Efficient YARN Security Framework based on an Improved Merkle Tree
Authors: Liu Peihao , Luo Daojie , Liu Jiahua , Deng Junyi , Bu Dengli , Wang Huan , Yan Junjie
Published: August 2024

Hadoop is one of the most popular platforms for distributed big data processing, and YARN is at the core of Hadoop 2.0. In the process of data processing, the possibility exists that malicious nodes might compromise the results, sharing incorrect outputs on the public cloud. To address this issue, this paper introduces an efficient YARN security framework, termed CMT-YARN, which incorporates an enhanced convolutional Merkle Tree to ensure the reliability of task execution results. Within a hybrid cloud environment, this framework utilizes the improved CMHT verification technique to conduct dual verification of intermediate and final results, thereby ensuring data integrity and reliability throughout the execution process. Compared to conventional MHT, CMHT reduces additional computational overhead by more than 37% during verification processes. Qualitative and quantitative analyses indicate that with a data sampling rate of 6.8%, CMT-YARN can ensure that the number of malicious acts undetected by the system does not exceed 5; when the sampling rate exceeds 26.9%, the framework can guarantee the detection of all malicious activities. Experimental results on a real Hadoop cluster demonstrate that CMT-YARN significantly enhances computational and storage performance compared to traditional solutions.
A study on the correlation between microRNA and liver cirrhosis
Authors: Yuan Jianxu , Zhou Dalin , Yu Shengjie
Published: August 2024

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) occupy a pivotal position in the intricate machinery of gene regulation. However, the potential causal linkage between miRNA and cirrhosis remains unexplored. This study attempts to investigate this causal relationship in depth through various methods such as Mendelian randomization (MR).
Methods: This study uncovered the causal relationship between miRNA and cirrhosis through the utilization of pertinent data. Employing a two-sample MR design, the investigation was conducted utilizing five different methods: the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, the MR Egger method, the weighted median method, the simple mode method, and the weighted mode method. To ensure the robustness of our findings, we conducted a thorough sensitivity analysis encompassing Cochran's Q test, the MR Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out analysis. Furthermore, to strengthen the validation of the causal effects, we performed meta-analysis on data gathered from diverse platforms. Ultimately, we delved into potential mechanisms of action by predicting the target genes of corresponding miRNAs and analyzing their functional enrichment.
Results: A total of seven miRNAs were identified as being associated with the risk of cirrhosis. Notably, the instrumental variables (IVs) employed in this study exhibited no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. The results of the meta-analysis further confirmed that hsa-miR-27b-3p was a risk factor for liver cirrhosis, while hsa-miR-1303 had a protective effect. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the target genes corresponding to hsa-miR-27b-3p were significantly enriched in pathways such as cell cycle, oxidative stress, and cell fibrosis, while the target genes corresponding to hsa-miR-1303 were mainly enriched in pathways such as amino acid metabolism.
Conclusion: Our research findings not only identified potential miRNA biomarkers that could significantly contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of cirrhosis, but also paved new avenues for future study in this domain.
Influence of Nanoselenium Supplementation and Interval Training on Hepatic MMP-13 and TGF-β Gene Expression in Dexamethasone-treated Rats
Authors: Gilani Sara Mousavi , Malayeri Shahin Riyahi , Hosseini Masoume , Fanaei Hamed
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
Recent research suggests that combining nanoselenium supplements with exercise enhances immune function. This study investigates Influence of Nanoselenium Supplementation and Interval Training on Hepatic MMP-13 and TGF-β Gene Expression in Dexamethasone-treated Rats.
Methods:
Forty eight-week-old rats were randomly assigned to five groups:1-Control group (healthy rats). 2-Dexamethasone-induced control group. 3-Dexamethasone + nanoselenium supplement group. 4-Dexamethasone + interval exercise group. 5-Dexamethasone + nanoselenium supplement + interval exercise group.Interval training involved running repetitions on a treadmill with increasing intensity and duration over four weeks. Nanoselenium supplements were orally administered every other day.
Results:
Finding demonstrated a significant increase in MMP13 expression in Dexa, NaSe, Trng and Trng+NaSe groups than Control group (p<0.05). NaSe, Trng and Trng+NaSe groups exhibited significantly lower MMP13 expression compared to the Dexa group (p<0.0001). The combination of training with nanoselenium resulted in a significant reduction in MMP13 expression compared to training alone (p<0.05).The Dexa group exhibited a significant increase in TGF-β levels, with an expression more than twofold higher than the control group (p < 0.01). TGF-β expression was significantly lower in the NaSe (p < 0.0001), Trng (p < 0.05), and Trng+NaSe (p < 0.0001) groups compared to the Dexa group. In addition, TGF-β expression in the Trng+NaSe group was significantly lower than that in the Trng group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Intermittent exercise and nanoselenium supplementation enhance the body's antioxidant system, leading to improved immune function and the mitigation of the negative effects of dexamethasone on MMP-13 and TGF-β gene expression.
The Impact of Shame on the Dual Harm in Adolescents: The Role of Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Yan PengYun , Jiang ZhiXiong , Wang YaFan , Zhang Ao , Wang LongFei , Zhang GuoLi
Published: August 2024

Dual harm is a grave public health concern within the adolescent population, linked to mental disorders and extreme behaviors such as suicide. However, the psychological mechanisms underlying dual harm in adolescents are poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the role of shame in adolescent dual harm, as well as the mitigating effects of cognitive flexibility, based on the cognitive-emotional model of dual harm. This study employs two sequential experiments. Experiment 1 manipulates subjects' shame using a shame induction task, measuring dual harm with scores from the Tabasco Sauce Paradigm and Cold Pressor Test. The results reveal that compared to the control group, the intervention group exhibits higher levels of dual harm behaviors. Experiment 2 builds upon this foundation, employing the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test to measure cognitive flexibility. The results replicate those of Experiment 1 and further demonstrate that reduced cognitive flexibility exacerbates dual harm. Shame is considered to trigger dual harm, which cognitive flexibility can mitigate.
Empirical models for non-destructive evaluation of in-situ compressive strength of structural concrete with the objective of encompassing global uncertainty factors
Authors: Debroy Sudipta , Sil Arjun
Published: August 2024

The compressive strength of concrete, although, conventionally, used to be determined either by destructive tests of cubes cast in-situ, or from concrete cores extracted from an existing structure, can be easily estimated at present with the help of empirical correlations with inputs from non-destructive test results of Rebound Hammer and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity. The main contribution of this paper lies in the proposition of empirical correlations for compressive strength determination from a global uncertainty perspective, not considered previously to the best of the authors’ knowledge. To fulfil this objective, correlation equations published worldwide for both univariate and bivariate relationships have been collected and the most suitable ones selected based on their statistical reliability. Further, linear and non-linear regression analysis have been performed on justifiably chosen datasets for the predictor variables. Finally, Linear, Polynomial, Power and Exponential models are developed with appreciable metrics outcomes for all three types of correlations and the best three models proposed after successful validation on country-wise in-situ data accumulated from various literatures.
Synthesis, thermal, physical, structural, optical, and elastic characteristics of new class of glasses based on the Sb2O3-K2O-B2O3 system
Authors: hamzaoui majda , Beghdadi lina , guesmia nesrine , Lebullenger Ronan , Bouras Omar , soltani mohamed toufik
Published: August 2024

A new series of glasses based on the system (80-x) Sb2O3-20K2O-xB2O3 where (0 ≤ x ≤ 40 mol. %) was prepared using melt-quenching process. XRD characterization is used to improve the non cristallinity nature of the glass samples. The different structural characteristics, including molar volume (Vm), density (ρ), d (B−B) distance between two boron atoms, oxygen content by oxygen molar volume (VO), packing density (OPD) and the free volume (Vf) were obtained to properly verify the compactness of the SKB glass network characterized by more links. In addition to the thermal, optical, elastic, structural and physical factors, which were examined, the vitreous nature of SKB glasses was verified according to the DSC curves. Structural analysis were performed using ATR spectroscopy to determine the fraction of four coordinated boron atoms as well as the presence of several functional groups in the glass samples. All these changes support the modification of the glass structure from BO3 to BO4. The study carried out using ultrasonic technology has been done to investigate the structural role of B2O3 in SKB glasses. The different moduli of elasticity (E, K, G, L, and υ) as well as the Debye temperature and Makishima Mackenzie’s theory can be explained by the glass structure’s compactness.
Perspectives of Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes on barriers to diabetes care: A qualitative study
Authors: Shrestha Sweta , Sapkota Sujata , Acharya Khagendra , Chaulagain Sabin , Sayami Matina , Dahal Abhinav , Shakya Rajani , Karmacharya Biraj Man
Published: August 2024

Background
Diabetes care incorporates multiple integrated elements like self-care practices, patient education and awareness, societal support, equitable access to healthcare facilities and trained healthcare professionals, commitment from the diabetes associations and government policies. There is a dearth of research viewing into the barriers experienced by both People with Type 1 diabetes (PwT1D) and People with Type 2 diabetes (PwT2D) in accessing the holistic elements of diabetes care. This study thus aims to explore the perspectives of PwT1D and PwT2D towards barriers in receiving diabetes care services in urban and rural areas in Nepal.
Method
This study uses a qualitative research method where an in-depth interview of 23 participants on insulin was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. This included 15 PwT1D and 8 PwT2D, residing in the capital and rural areas and attending the hospitals and clinic in the urban and semi-urban regions in Nepal. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed.
Results
Seven themes emerged from the study representing key barriers from patient’s perspective. These were: Theme 1) Diabetes stigma, Theme 2) Non-adherence to insulin and Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG), Theme 3) Lack of availability of healthcare professionals and other healthcare facilities, Theme 4) Dissatisfaction with healthcare services, Theme 5) Preference of alternative treatment strategies, Theme 6) Limitations of health insurance and Theme 7) Limited role of national diabetes organizations.
Conclusion
There is a need in raising awareness among general public especially on Type 1 Diabetes to address the issue of diabetes stigma. An effort in implementation of policies supporting diabetes care and refinement of National Health Insurance Scheme is equally essential. Similarly, strengthening of Health Care System by ensuring availability of insulin, laboratory facilities and trained healthcare professionals in rural areas should be focused to address the inequity in access to healthcare in rural and urban sectors.
Heat Transfer and Lifetime Estimation of High-Power Light Emitting Diodes (HPLED) Using Drop Shape Pin Fin Heat Sink Under Natural Convection
Authors: Deshmukh Ram Zampat , Raibhole V. N.
Published: August 2024

High-Power Light Emitting Diodes (HPLEDs) are a leading example of modern lighting technology and are praised for being more efficient than traditional light source’s. This study explores the complex relationship between HPLED service life, junction temperature (Tj), and heat dissipation through drop-shaped pin fins type heat sink attached to HPLED. Four different power inputs 50, 100, 150, and 200W were analysed using three different vertical pin fin spacings (Sv = 25, 50, and 75 mm). A data acquisition system was created to measure temperature, current, LED light intensity (Lux), and voltage values using sensors. These values were then used as the best possible reference values for a well-known Arrhenius equation model to predict the lifetime of the device. The results shows, as power input levels rise, Tj also increases, which reduces the life of HPLEDs. There is a distinct inverse relationship between device lifetime and Tj that exhibits a nonlinear exponential decay pattern. For 200 and 50 W power input, respectively, the maximum junction temperature of the HPLED attaching drop-shaped pin fin heat sink was found to be 134.78°C and the minimum Tj was found to be 60.13°C. The drop-shaped fin pin heat sink with a 75 mm fin spacing was found to have a maximum heat transfer coefficient of 9.81 W/m2K. With a 200 W power dissipation and a junction temperature (Tj) of 134.78°C, the HPLED had a short expected operational life of 1780.2 hours. On the other hand, a projected lifetime of 3996.30 hours is anticipated at a higher temperature of Tj=112.18°C.
Research on Cortical Inhibition Response in Migraine: An Go/No-Go Study
Authors: Ning Jinru , Wang Yan , Li Huanyu , Zhang Huifei , Sun Zhiyuan , Zhang Yuan , Lv Yudan
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Migraine is a common chronic primary headache. Cognitive dysfunction has been found in patients with migraine after repetitive attacks. We used aspecific task paradigm called Go/No-Go to explore cognitive dysfunction, especially cortical inhibition.
Methods:
Our study included 30 participants with migraine and 30 healthy controls. We used the Go/No-Go task to analyze different Event related potential （ERP） components,such as latency or amplitude,to explore whether differences couldbe found. The two-tailed Pearson’s R correlation was performed between the clinical characteristics of patients with migraine,such as education, clinical course, duration, frequency, pain intensity, and ERP data. To test thedegree of independence between the clinical characteristics and ERP data, we performed multiple regression.
Results:
At the electrophysiological level, participants with migraine had longer latencies and larger amplitudes of N2 or P3 than the control group under the Go or No-Go conditions. In addition, significant two-tailed Pearson’s R correlations werefound in different areas. In particular, clinical characteristics were correlated with No-Go-N2 latency or amplitude in the frontal, central, or temporal area and correlated with No-Go-P3 latency or amplitude in the midline area of the frontal-central-parietal lobe. Finally, linear regression analysis revealed severalindependent factors that affected the N2 or P3 components in specific cortical areas.
Conclusion:
Our study revealed that repetitive attacks may influence response inhibition in patients with migraine. Abnormal changes in the inhibition process or inhibition supervision have been presented and interpreted by N2/P3 components under the Go/No-Go condition. Additionally, correlations were found between sex, education, pain, and N2/P3 components located in different regions. On the basis of our results, we found that patients with migraine have poor executive function, delayed response, abnormal response inhibition, and abnormal inhibitory monitoring, meriting the design and execution of future clinical studies.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Internet Gaming disorder, and Suicidal Ideation among Saudi Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model of Gender and Self-Control
Authors: Keshky Mogeda El
Published: August 2024

Background
Adolescence is characterized by behaviors as well as, in some, internet gaming disorders, that may lead to suicidal ideation. Prior research has documented the relationships between oppositional defiant disorder and internet gaming addiction with suicidal ideation among adolescents, but none has studied the potential mediating role of self-control nor the moderation role of gender.
Objective
This study investigated the relationships between oppositional defiant disorder, internet gaming disorder, and suicidal ideation, and applied a moderated mediation model including the roles of gender and self-control.
Method
273 adolescents (mean age = 15.47, 57% females) participated in this study. Respondents completed the Suicidal Ideation Scale, the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale, Short Form, the Oppositional Defiant Scale, and the Self-Control Scale, as well as a set of socio-demographic questions. A moderated mediation model was applied using the PROCESS software package.
Results
As expected, oppositional defiant disorder and internet addiction were positively related with suicidal ideation. Self-control was found to mediate these relationships. Further, it was found that these relationships were stronger in females compared to males.
Conclusions
Efforts to reduce suicidal ideation among adolescents with defiant behaviors and gaming disorder should be directed at enhancing their self-control and should be gender mindful.
Rapid and High-Resolution 3D Printing via Photoacid Genera-tor induced Cationic RAFT Polymerization
Authors: Zhu Jian , Zhao wen , Li Jiajia , Yang Chongyang , Pan Xiangqiang , Zhang Zhengbiao
Published: August 2024

Vinyl ethers, while being typical monomers for living cationic polymerization, have limited commercial use due to poor mechanical properties of their polymers at room temperature. We explored the use of photoacid generators (PAGs) to induce cationic reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization for the rapid high-resolution 3D printing of various vinyl ethers. The process demonstrated controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions (MWD), with monomer conversions exceeding 90% in minutes. Incorporating a crosslinker enabled 3D printing at speeds up to 8.46 cm h-1 with layer thicknesses as thin as 50 microns. The mechanical properties of the printed objects were tunable by adjusting resin components, allowing for a range of material characteristics from brittle to elastomeric (tensile strength ranging from 13.9 to 31.7 MPa, Young's modulus ranging from 185.6 to 992.7 MPa and elongation at break ranging from 2.8 to 68.3%). Moreover, polymer welding facilitated the creation of gradient materials, showcasing the potential for engineered applications of poly(vinyl ethers).
Prevalence of hip pain in elite badminton players
Authors: Denis Samantha , Rose Camille , Ramos-Pascual Sonia , Garrec Sebastien Le , Rooij Floris Van , Saffarini Mo , Nogier Alexis
Published: August 2024

Background
A number of studies have investigated injuries in badminton players, but none have focused on investigating hip pathologies in this population. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to (i) report the prevalence of hip pain in elite badminton players currently registered at a national sports institute, (ii) describe their hip pathologies, and (iii) evaluate expectations regarding hip pain before and after becoming elite athletes.
Methods
All badminton players at a national sports institute on 01/09/2023 were contacted by the medical team to complete a questionnaire comprising training information, prevalence of hip pain, and expectations regarding hip pain. The medical database was reviewed to identify all hip pathologies recorded.
Results
Of the 20 elite badminton players registered at the national sports institute (10 females and 10 males, aged 23.8 ± 3.9 years), 9 (45%) reported experiencing hip pain while registered at the institute, 4 at their dominant side only and 5 bilaterally. Six players had cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), concomitant with coxofemoral chondropathy and/or muscle tears in 3 athletes (requiring femoroplasty in 3). Furthermore, 3 more players had coxofemoral chondropathy and/or muscle tears. Before playing badminton at a high-level, 12 (60%) thought that becoming elite players could cause joint pain; however, none (0%) thought that it would cause pain specifically at their hip joint.
Conclusions
Nine of 20 elite badminton players have experienced hip pain while registered at a national sports institute, with the most common hip pathologies being cam-type FAI (n = 6; 30%) and muscle tears (n = 4; 20%). Although before playing badminton at a high-level, none of the athletes thought that becoming an elite badminton player could cause pain specifically at the hip joint, at the time of the questionnaire, 19 athletes (95%) thought this was common. These findings could allow coaches and medical staff to align expectations regarding the likelihood of hip pain and hip pathologies in badminton players training at an elite level.
WITHDRAWN: Techniques for Building Internal Target Volumes (ITV) in CT Imaging Through Calibration, Artifact Management, Image Registration, and 4DCT Incorporating Motion-Encompassing Methods
Authors: Solomon Girma Biniyam , Kide Kinfe Gebremedhin , Cavedon Carlo
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of ITV construction in CT imaging. It utilized a combination of calibration techniques to ensure precise imaging measurements, artifact management strategies to reduce image distortion, advanced image registration methods for spatial alignment, and 4DCT technology to capture dynamic motion information. By incorporating motion-encompassing methods into the process, the study sought to improve the delineation of internal target volumes for more effective treatment planning and delivery in medical settings. Through a systematic evaluation of the proposed techniques, this study work generated promising results in optimizing ITV construction in CT imaging. The findings highlighted the impact of calibration, artifact management, image registration, and 4DCT integration on enhancing the quality and accuracy of internal target volume delineation. The study demonstrated the potential benefits of utilizing motion-encompassing methods to account for patient motion during imaging procedures, leading to more precise and reliable ITV generation for radiation therapy and other medical applications. Overall, the study shed light on the importance of incorporating advanced techniques in CT imaging for building internal target volumes. By addressing key challenges such as motion artifacts and inaccuracies in volume delineation, the study provided valuable insights into improving the quality of medical imaging processes. The results underscored the potential of motion-encompassing methods to revolutionize ITV construction practices, paving the way for enhanced treatment planning and delivery strategies in the field of medical physics and radiation oncology.
Small Fiber Neuropathy in Patients with Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Zidan Asmaa A . , Dean Jordan , Lin Zhirong , Kheirkhah Ahmad , Oaklander Anne Louise , Dana Reza , You Jae Young , Yin Jia
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Small-fiber neuropathy (SFN) refers to a range of peripheral neuropathic conditions affecting small-caliber sensory and/or autonomic nerve fibers. This study aims to determine the prevalence and characteristics of SFN symptoms in patients with dry eye disease (DED).
Design: Cross-sectional study at two academic eye centers
Methods: 31 patients with DED and an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) greater than 13 were included. SFN symptoms were determined using the Small-Fiber Symptom Survey (SSS), a validated questionnaire, and positive symptoms were defined as having a score of 15.7 or higher (two standard deviations from the mean of healthy individuals without SFN). DED symptoms and ocular pain were assessed using the OSDI and the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS), respectively. DED signs were assessed clinically and patient response to standard DED treatment was evaluated 6-12 months after the administration of the questionnaires.
Results: The prevalence of SFN symptoms among DED patients was 77.4%. Positive correlations were found between SSS and OSDI (r=0.43, p=0.017), and between SSS and OPAS (r=0.62, p=0.0003). A negative correlation was observed between SFN symptoms and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS, r=-0.42, p=0.018) but not with tear break-up time or Schirmer’s test results. Despite more intense topical treatment and stable clinical signs of DED, patients with severe SFN symptoms (high SSS scores) had a less favorable subjective response to DED treatment, compared to those with low and moderate SSS scores.
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of SFN symptoms in patients with DED. SFN symptoms are strongly associated with ocular pain and DED symptoms and are negatively correlated with CFS. Patients with severe SFN symptoms have a less favorable subjective response to standard DED treatment, suggesting the presence of neuropathic conditions that warrant further neurological assessment.
Recent Advances in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review (2017-2024)
Authors: Alhamood Mohammed
Published: August 2024

Objective: This systematic review aims to deliver a comprehensive and critical analysis of the recent advancements in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) from 2017 to 2024. The study seeks to identify existing research gaps and provide evidence-based recommendations to guide future research and improve clinical practices.
Methods: An exhaustive literature search was conducted across premier medical databases, including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, focusing on studies published between January 2017 and August 2024. The selection process was governed by stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the relevance and quality of the studies. A total of 90 studies were included in the final analysis, which were rigorously assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool to maintain high methodological standards.
Results: The review identified significant advancements in diagnostic technologies, particularly with the integration of PET-MRI and the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medical imaging, leading to a 40% increase in diagnostic accuracy. In terms of treatment, immunotherapies such as Ocrelizumab and Ofatumumab have shown substantial efficacy, with Ocrelizumab reducing relapse rates by up to 70%. Non-pharmacological interventions, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and customized exercise programs, were found to significantly improve patients' psychological well-being and physical function.
Conclusions: This review underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to MS management, highlighting the critical role of advanced diagnostic tools, personalized immunotherapies, and non-pharmacological interventions in improving patient outcomes. Future research should focus on developing cost-effective diagnostic strategies, enhancing personalized treatment protocols, and exploring preventive measures to further advance clinical outcomes. The findings emphasize the need for ongoing interdisciplinary collaboration and the continuous professional development of healthcare providers to keep pace with the rapid advancements in MS management.
­­­­Single-Dose Psilocybin Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: Pharmacokinetics, Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy in an Open-Label Study
Authors: Jensen Mathias Ebbesen , Stenbæk Dea Siggaard , Messell Catharina Dragsted , Poulsen Emil Deleuran , Varga Tibor V , Fisher Patrick McDonald , Nielsen Marie Katrine Klose , Johansen Sys Stybe , Volkow Nora D , Knudsen Gitte Moos , Fink-Jensen Anders
Published: August 2024

Background Psilocybin, a serotonin 2A receptor agonist with psychedelic properties, shows promise as a novel treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). While current studies involve two dosing sessions, the effects a single dose have not been investigated.
Aims To investigate the pharmacokinetics, feasibility, safety, and efficacy of single-dose psilocybin therapy in AUD.
Methods This open-label, single-group study investigated single-dose psilocybin therapy in ten treatment-seeking adults (eight men and two women; median age 44 years) with severe AUD. The treatment involved two preparation sessions, a high-dose psilocybin session (25 mg), and two integration sessions. Pharmacokinetics were determined by noncompartmental analysis, and changes in alcohol consumption, craving and self-efficacy, were assessed with a linear mixed model.
Results Notable between-participant pharmacokinetic variations were observed, with peak plasma psilocin concentrations ranging from 14-59 µg/L. Alcohol consumption significantly decreased over the 12 weeks following psilocybin administration. Heavy drinking days were reduced by 37.5 percentage points (95% CI, -61.1, -13.9, p = 0.005), and drinks per day decreased by 3.4 units (95% CI: -6.5, -0.3), p = 0.035). This was corroborated by reports of rapid and sustained reductions in craving and increases in self-efficacy.
Conclusions Despite pharmacokinetic variations, a single 25 mg psilocybin dose was safe and effective in reducing alcohol consumption in AUD patients. Larger randomised, placebo-controlled, single-dose AUD trials are warranted.
Funding This work was supported by The Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF19OC0058412), The Lundbeck Foundation (R-355-2020-945), The Health Foundation(21-B-0358) and The Ivan Nielsen Foundation.
Clinical trial registration: NCT05347849
An interdisciplinary perspective of the karst springs’ areas as drinking water potential: Perusal from Norteastern Slovenia
Authors: ŠPEH NATALIJA , BUBIK ANJA
Published: August 2024

Two karst water basins, water protection areas (WPA), the Ljubija and Rečica catchment areas, located in the north-east of Slovenia, were studied for one (COVID) year (January 2020-December 2020) to assess their freshwater quality risks facing the existing level of water protection regulations. Both groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW) were monitored twice a month in dry and wet periods to comply with European and national monitoring guidelines. For an interdisciplinary approach, an integrated indicators’ model was created to check the natural and human influences on the studied water sources. We related their water ecological conditions to the precipitation, hydro geographic and landscape characteristics of the WPAs. The Ljubija showed a low nitrate content and low fluctuations in other parameters, which declare a stable area with low human impact (the average nitrate content was 2.6 mg/l). Rečica water sources were more endangered. Their groundwater has been excluded from the drinking water supply due to organic contamination. The pollution was encouraged by the karst hydrogeological characteristics of the area. The average nitrate concentration was 6.0 mg/l. Based on the physic-chemical indicators of the water sources’ quality, we missed un upgraded monitoring regulation, especially for more vulnerable water sources as karst are.
Comparative Analysis and Classification of HTTPS Traffic Using Packet Burst Statistics: An Evaluation of State-of-the-Art Methods
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Murat , Sebetçi Özel , AKBAR Demiral
Published: August 2024

This study examines the classification of HTTPS traffic using packet burst statistics, a crucial aspect of modern internet usage with significant implications for network security, traffic management, and service quality. Leveraging extensive datasets from real backbone networks, we categorize HTTPS traffic into five primary types: Live Video Streaming, Video Player, Music Player, File Uploading/Downloading, and Website & Other Traffic. We employ various machine learning algorithms with particular emphasis on Random Forest and XGBoost, which demonstrate high accuracy rates. Furthermore, we incorporate recent advancements such as the Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (KAN) method for comparative analysis, enhancing the robustness of our study. We present a comprehensive methodology for model performance comparison and clustering analysis. Our findings have practical applications in network security, traffic management, and service quality enhancement. This research contributes significantly to the field, paving the way for future studies aimed at more effective classification and management of HTTPS traffic.
DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND PREVENTIONS OF COVID-19
Authors:   G.H.G. Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Kaur Khushmeen , Diman Himani ,   G.H.G. Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in outbreaks of pneumonia and multi-organ infections worldwide. The virus started in bats and was transmitted to humans through unknown creatures in Wuhan, Hubei territory, China in December 2019. The indications are fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise. The disease is mild in most people in a few (generally the old, pregnant, infant etc), its going to get to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pneumonia, and multi-organ dysfunction. Numerous individuals are asymptomatic. Diagnosis is by demonstration of the infection in respiratory secretions by special molecular tests. Multiple antiviral medications like remdesivir, anti-malarial medicine (Hydroxychloroquine) [11], natural herbal remedies such as Echinacea purpurea[12], oxygen therapy, dietary therapy and herbal remedies have shown activity against covid-19 or potential clinical benefits.
EFFECTS OF ETHNO PJBL ON CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES IN SCIENCE LEARNING: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors:   Magister of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia., Daulay Hermalina , . Asrizal ,   Lecturer of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
Published: August 2024

Creative thinking skills are important 21st century skills that can significantly improve learning outcomes. However, research results show that creative thinking skills and student learning outcomes are still low. The Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model and ethnoscience integration have been applied by many researchers as a solution, with varying results. Therefore, further analysis is needed to determine the effect of the PjBL model and ethnoscience integration in science learning on improving creative thinking skills and student learning outcomes. The method in this study is the meta-analysis method. Data were obtained from 25 articles that met the research criteria. The results showed that the PjBL model significantly improved students creative thinking skills with a Very High category. In addition, the PjBL model also had a positive impact on student learning outcomes with an average effect size of the medium category. Analysis based on subjects showed that the PjBL model was most effective in physics learning, followed by biology, and the lowest in chemistry. Based on the level of education, the highest effect size is in high school (Very High), followed by elementary school (Moderate), college (Moderate), and junior high school (Moderate). The integration of ethnoscience in PjBL provides a relevant and interesting local cultural context, making learning more meaningful for students. This study provides guidance for educators in choosing and implementing effective learning models to improve creative thinking skills and student learning outcomes in science learning.
SEMILUNAR CORONALLY REPOSITIONING FLAP WITH OR WITHOUT MICROSCOPE
Authors: Tyagi Ankur , Chopra Rahul , Sekhar Vidya , Malhotra Sumit , Singh Nancy , S. Raagul , Alok Bora Akash
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Gingival recession, characterized by the displacement of soft tissue margin apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and exposure of the root surface, poses functional, therapeutic, and aesthetic challenges. Periodontal plastic surgical procedures like the Semilunar Coronally Repositioning Flap (SCRF) aim to address this issue, enhancing patient aesthetics and minimizing root exposure. The integration of magnification tools such as surgical microscopes has refined these techniques, enabling precise and minimallyinvasive procedures, thus improving patient outcomes and satisfaction. Methodology: A randomized clinical trial was conducted, including 20 sites with Millers class I or class II gingival recession in maxillary anteriors/premolars, divided into two groups: treated with SCRF without magnification (Group 1) and SCRF under a surgical microscope (Group 2). Clinical parameters including Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Gingival Recession Height (GR), Width of Keratinized Gingiva (WKT), and Wound Healing Index (WHI) were measured at baseline and 3 months post-treatment. Result: Results showed no significant inter-group differences in PPD, CAL, GR, and WKT scores at both time points. However, within each group, there was a significant reduction in CAL and GR scores and a significant increase in WKT score from baseline to 3 months. Additionally, both groups exhibited a significant increase in WHI, with Group 2 showing a statistically significant improvement compared to Group 1. Conclusion: Both SCRF with and without surgical microscope demonstrated promising results in improving clinical parameters and root coverage inMillers Class I and Class II gingival recession defects. The use of a surgical microscope resulted in significantly better Wound Healing Index, indicating enhanced postoperative healing. Larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are recommended for further validation of these findings.