bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Um percurso musical em Um Homem Célebre e Trio em Lá Menor, de Machado de Assis
Authors: Cruz Louise Ribeiro
Published: July 2020

RESUMO: Este trabalho debruça-se sobre os contos Um Homem Célebre[1] e Trio em Lá Menor, ambos de Machado de Assis que, por suas riquezas textuais, possibilitam variadas interpretações. Analisam-se elementos musicais constantes dos textos, com os propósitos de identificá-los como: elementos estruturantes do enredo, caracterizadores dos personagens e indicadores do período da formação da identidade musical brasileira. Para consecução dessas finalidades, expõe-se conhecimentos sobre o contexto musical do século XIX vivido pelo autor dos contos abordando aspectos relevantes do momento histórico e cultural — especialmente o contexto musical — da segunda metade do século XIX; e da influência da música sobre os contos machadianos em análise. Por fim, com base nos aspectos levantados e nos comentários apresentados, conclui-se acerca da contribuição que os elementos musicais existentes nos dois contos fornecem à estrutura do enredo e à caracterização de personagens. [1] Publicado, pela primeira vez, em 29 de junho de 1888, no jornal Gazeta de Notícias.
Como uma onda - ética e criação literária através da poesia
Authors: Rodriguez Gisela de Moraes
Published: July 2020

Nesse trabalho, o estilo ficcional de Dante Alighieri surge como o fio condutor de uma narrativa sobre os tópicos estudados nas aulas de filosofia, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras. O texto é dividido em seis momentos: 1º- o Prólogo, que introduz o leitor no “pensar sobre a linguagem”; 2º- o Exílio, que ressalta a solidão inerente à criação literária; 3º- a Realidade, que mostra as vicissitudes do oficio do escritor; 4º- o Livro, que fala dos processos criativos e da ética na escritura; 5º- a Alteridade, que aborda a importância do “outro” e a dialética e interdependência na produção artística; 6º- a Despedida, no qual a autora comenta sobre o desapego da autoria, mostrando que o livro não pertence a ela e sim ao mundo. A criação dos versos segue o padrão das obras poéticas de Dante, mas o conteúdo discorre sobre as aulas ministradas pelo filósofo e professor Ricardo Timm de Souza. A linguagem, nesse caso, é um mecanismo para envolver o leitor numa narrativa inusitada, por trazer a referência de uma obra clássica, e ao mesmo tempo, a reflexão sobre as concepções contemporâneas de alteridade, autoria e ética na literatura.Palavras-chave: escrita criativa; filosofia; processos criativos.
A importância da música na construção da atmosfera e do efeito em uma narrativa de terror
Authors: Czekster Gustavo Melo
Published: July 2020

Por meio das ideias de Edgar Allan Poe a respeito das formas de criação de um efeito no leitor e com base nas lições de H. P. Lovecraft sobre a atmosfera das narrativas sobrenaturais, o presente artigo se propõe a discutir como a música pode ser um fator decisivo na construção de uma obra literária do gênero terror. Para tanto, o artigo analisa a forma com que as músicas são elementos importantes para o desenvolvimento da tensão narrativa em contos de H. P. Lovecraft, Nathaniel Hawthorne e Stephen King, detalhando as estratégias narrativas adotadas por cada um para destacar uma música imaginada pelo leitor como parte integrante da atmosfera de uma história de terror.
O horror passado permanece vivo: acerca de Setenta, de Henrique Schneider
Authors: Pandolfo Alexandre
Published: July 2020

Este ensaio procura trazer à tona os elementos contemporâneos do romance Setenta, de Henrique Schneider, publicado em 2019, tratando de apontar algumas das principais imagens que o livro expõe. O romance desconstrói a consciência apaziguada de um estado de coisas conduzido a sua repetição no Brasil em que vivemos, país ao mesmo tempo oligárquico e paupérrimo. Este ensaio trata de abordar a construção narrativa do romance e os problemas filosóficos e históricos subjacentes a ele, dialogando com algumas referências nacionais e internacionais sobre o tema da memória ética e do testemunho desde a perspectiva literária. Foca no caráter fragmentário do romance para lidar com o horror vivido no passado recente no Brasil e na América Latina, desde uma consciência crítica a respeito do tema, apontando para a necessidade estética de lidar com os traumas provocados na sociedade brasileira nesse período.
“Who The F*** Are Arctic Monkeys?”: representações da juventude britânica na primeira década do século XX
Authors: Carvalho Icaro , Dariva Bruno Amaral
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho almeja estudar a forma como a juventude britânica do início dos anos 2000 é apresentada em algumas letras do álbum de estreia da banda inglesa Arctic Monkeys. Em 23 de janeiro de 2006, quando um grupo de quatro rapazes de dezenove anos lançou o álbum chamado Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not, o disco surpreendentemente tornou-se o álbum de estreia mais vendido na história da música britânica. A escolha deste álbum como corpus de estudo não levou em conta apenas o sucesso comercial referido, mas também o fato de as composições representarem, de forma muito precisa – e também literária – aspectos recorrentes na vida da juventude inglesa na primeira década do milênio. Utilizando as composições, que refletem hábitos de uma geração de jovens ingleses, pretende-se melhor compreender a sociedade e os costumes que a orbitavam e faziam com que essa atmosfera específica existisse.
Lugares perpassados: música e loucura como paradigmas da escrita no imaginário material de Marguerite Duras
Authors: Ayer Maurício
Published: July 2020

No momento de sua trajetória em que se dedica prioritariamente ao cinema, Marguerite Duras propõe, em um livro elaborado a partir de entrevistas com Michelle Porte, Les Lieux de Marguerite Duras (1977), uma série de figuras que, à maneira do que Gaston Bachelard (2001b) chamou de “imaginação material”, formam o que poderíamos identificar como uma mitologia pessoal da autora. Esse conjunto de signos-imagens reaparece com relativa estabilidade ao longo de sua obra, o que permite a Duras referir-se a obras de sua autoria bastante distantes temporalmente, mas com elementos em comum aos quais ela busca dar uma formulação. Nesse contexto, a invenção mítica da escrita feminina relaciona-se com noções como a música e a loucura, que se mostram como paradigmas imaginários de uma poética da porosidade. Uma leitura cerrada desse livro de Duras e Porte permitirá revelar a trama conceitual que atravessa essas formula-ções e iluminar aspectos centrais da poética literária, teatral e fílmica de Duras.
Optimismo disposicional, ansiedad, depresión y estrés en una muestra del Ecuador. Análisis inter-género y de predicción
Authors: Gaibor-González Ismael , Moreta-Herrera Rodrigo
Published: July 2020

Objetivo. Determinar las diferencias inter-género del optimismo disposicional, la depresión, laansiedad, el estrés y el rol predictor sobre estos rasgos patológicos en una muestra de universitarios del Ecuador. Método. Investigación descriptiva, comparativa, predictora y de corte transversal con las pruebas de Orientación Vital y la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés con 288 participantes de una universidad pública de Ambato, Ecuador (63.9% son mujeres y 31% hombres). Con edades entre 17 a 39 años (M = 21.6 años; DT = 2.5). Resultados. Hay diferencias (p < .05) de género en ansiedad y estrés (con mayor presencia en mujeres que en hombres. También, hay correlaciones entre el optimismo disposicional y los rasgos patológicos. Finalmente, el optimismo disposicional explica en la depresión (15.2%), la ansiedad (9.7%) y el estrés (5.5%) los cambios de la varianza. Se concluye que el optimismo disposicional es un predictor de la depresión, la ansiedad y el estrés en estudiantes universitarios.
THE PARTICULARITIES OF WATER USE IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Authors: Burduja Daniela , Bacal Petru , Railean Veronica
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is assessment of water use in the Central Region of the Republic of Moldova. The main topics presented in this paper are: 1) assessment of water resources in the Central Region of the Republic of Moldova; 2) tendencies of water consumption on the abstracted sources and on the main usage categories; 3) spatial and branch analysis of water use; 5) the main problems of water use and protection in the region of study. In the region of study are concentrated about 2/3 of groundwater reserves of Republic of Moldova. From surface sources is abstracted ≈3/4 of total volume of water used and over 60% of water is used by households. Outside of Chisinau, over 70% of the water is abstracted from underground sources and is used for various agricultural needs. In the 2007-2017 years, the volume of water use registers a significant decrease which is conditioned, mainly, by decreasing of water abstracted from surface sources and used for agricultural activities, especially for irrigation.
AIR-TEMPERATURE SINGULARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INTRA- AND EXTRA-URBAN WEATHER STATIONS. CASE STUDY: BUCHAREST-FILARET AND BUCHAREST-BĂNEASA
Authors: Ionac Nicoleta , Uritescu Bogdan , Grigore Elena , Constantin Dana Maria , Dumitrescu Alexandru
Published: July 2020

It is already a well-known fact that air-temperature is the most important climatic factor of differentiation between intra- and extra-urban areas, mainly due to the characteristics of the underlying active surface. Bucharest town-area is no exception to the rule. Ranking as Romania’s largest city, its air-temperature singularities and differences account for the most important example expressing the role that the artificial ground layer may play in the creation of specific urban climates. The thermal differences as well as singularities between the Bucharest town-area (Bucharest-Filaret) and its surroundings (Bucharest-Băneasa) are analyzed by means of multiple air-temperature parameters: hourly measurements (01, 07, 13 and 19 hrs.), daily, monthly, yearly values of maximum, average and minimum means, over a 30 year period (1981-2010). Besides, the analysis of some air-temperature singularities or records highlight the clear differences of air heating processes, mostly due to the different interaction patterns between solar radiation and the underlying active layer, at local scales. However, in general, although the intra-urban areas should keep warmer in summer and cooler in winter, the cooling effects seem to still remain lower in the city because of the greater artificial heat input that is being added to the built-in environment.
EDUCATION AS AN ELEMENT ENHANCING INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE AWARENESS OF THE NEED TO PRESERVE THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Durac Livia
Published: July 2020

An undeniable reality nowadays, with an array of phenomena that affects areas that are not traditionally characterized by favorable conditions for unexplainable climate manifestations, is one of the most serious challenges for the present state of evolution. The degree of “newness” of atmospheric processes that occur with a worrisome frequency and intensity is no longer just a subject “among others”, but it must be on top of the list of pressing issues. Solving it has become imperative, since it is an absolute condition for the continuation of our species. In the category of measures that have the potential to level up the winding path towards finding solutions for the issue of environmental dynamics, mainly atmospheric ones, education comes first. The connection between the care for the environment and the accentuated violence (in the last decades) of climate changes is not new. The need for man’s timely intervention towards reducing the risks generated by the decades of indifference towards the environment has gained an undoubtedly high price that must be discounted as soon as possible. The purpose of this article is to stress the role of education – both formal and informal – in promoting, making aware, and implementing means of real protection for the environment where humankind lives.
Ichthyofauna of the lower course of the Negro river drainage, Patagonia Argentina
Authors: Soricetti Mariano , Morawicki Santiago , Guardiola Rivas Fredy José , Guidi Catalina , Quezada Facundo , Almirón Adriana Edith , Solimano Patricio José
Published: July 2020

The drainage of the Negro River is the most important watercourse in the Patagonia ecoregion and, together with the Colorado river basin, define an ecotone, i.e., a zoogeographic transition, where coexist the Brazilian and Patagonian lineages of freshwater fishes. The Patagonia ecoregion has 29 fish species, 15 native and the remaining introduced. For this study, the ichthyofauna of seven locations in the lower course of the Negro river drainage were sampled along two years. Gillnets, coastal trawls, cast nets, river trammel nets and fishing rods were used to catch specimens. A total of 13 species belonging to nine orders and 11 families were collected. The families Atherinopsidae and Characidae show the highest species richness and one exotic species, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758, was recorded. The origin and distribution of some species is discussed, considering the role of human action and certain environmental factors.
Leptomeningeal Spread in Glioblastoma: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges
Authors: Birzu Cristina , Tran Suzanne , Bielle Franck , Touat Mehdi , Mokhtari Karima , Younan Nadia , Psimaras Dimitri , Hoang-Xuan Khe , Sanson Marc , Delattre Jean-Yves , Idbaih Ahmed
Published: July 2020

Background

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor. Leptomeningeal spread (LMS) is a severe complication of GBM, raising diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in clinical routine.

Methods

We performed a review of the literature focused on LMS in GBM. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were queried from 1989 to 2019 for articles describing diagnosis and therapeutic options in GBM LMS, as well as risk factors and pathogenic mechanisms.

Results

We retrieved 155 articles, including retrospective series, case reports, and early phase clinical trials, as well as preclinical studies. These articles confirmed that LMS in GBM remains (a) a diagnostic challenge with cytological proof of LMS obtained in only 35% of cases and (b) a therapeutic challenge with a median overall survival below 2 months with best supportive care alone. For patients faced with suggestive clinical symptoms, whole neuroaxis magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis are both recommended. Liquid biopsies are under investigation and may help prompt a reliable diagnosis. Based on the literature, a multimodal and personalized therapeutic approach of LMS, including surgery, radiotherapy, systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy, and intrathecal chemotherapies, may provide benefits to selected patients. Interestingly, molecular targeted therapies appear promising in case of actionable molecular target and should be considered.

Conclusion

As the prognosis of glioblastoma is improving over time, LMS becomes a more common complication. Our review highlights the need for translational studies and clinical trials dedicated to this challenging condition in order to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Implications for Practice

This review summarizes the diagnostic tools and applied treatments for leptomeningeal spread, a complication of glioblastoma, as well as their outcomes. The importance of exhaustive molecular testing for molecular targeted therapies is discussed. New diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are outlined, and the need for translational studies and clinical trials dedicated to this challenging condition is highlighted.
Guide RNA Library Titration of Cas9 Cell Lines v1
Authors: Goodwin Verity , Souster Emily , Beaver Charlotte , Jackson Adam , Ansari Rizwan , Garnett Mathew , Behan Fiona
Published: July 2020

This protocol is for the gRNA library titration of cas9 expressing cancer cell lines using the Kusuke Yusa v1.1 whole genome gRNA library. gRNA library titration is performed on all the cas9 cancer cell lines prior to gRNA library screening. The library titration allows us to determine the volume of library virus required to transduce cas9 cancer cells at 30% transduction efficiency which is calculated using FACS analysis. Process diagram:
PBMC- 01b Isolation of human PBMC from Whole Blood v3
Authors: Cosentino Marco , Storelli Elisa , Luini Alessandra , LM Legnaro Massimiliano , Rasini Emanuela , Ferrari Marco , Marino Franca
Published: July 2020

Separation and purification of PBMC from FRESH BLOOD: list of published work using this protocol Kustrimovic, N., Comi, C., Magistrelli, L., Rasini, E., Legnaro, M., Bombelli, R., Aleksic, I., Blandini, F., Minafra, B., Riboldazzi, G., Sturchio, A., Mauri, M., Bono, G., Marino, F., & Cosentino, M. (2018). Parkinson's disease patients have a complex phenotypic and functional Th1 bias: cross-sectional studies of CD4+ Th1/Th2/T17 and Treg in drug-naïve and drug-treated patients. Journal of neuroinflammation, 15(1), 205. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-018-1248-8 Kustrimovic, N., Rasini, E., Legnaro, M., Bombelli, R., Aleksic, I., Blandini, F., Comi, C., Mauri, M., Minafra, B., Riboldazzi, G., Sanchez-Guajardo, V., Marino, F., & Cosentino, M. (2016). Dopaminergic Receptors on CD4+ T Naive and Memory Lymphocytes Correlate with Motor Impairment in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Scientific reports, 6, 33738. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep33738 Cosentino M., Ferrari M., Kustrimovic N., Rasini E., Marino F. (2015). Influence of dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms on circulating T lymphocytes: A pilot study in healthy subjects. Human immunology, 76, 10, 747-752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2015.09.032
SOLUTION- 02 - Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) v2
Authors: Cosentino Marco , Storelli Elisa , Luini Alessandra , LM Legnaro Massimiliano , Rasini Emanuela , Ferrari Marco , Marino Franca
Published: July 2020

This recepe is used in the following protocols: - Separation and purification of human PBMC from FRESH BLOOD - Separation and purification of human PBMC from BUFFY COAT - Magnetic bead-based CD4+ T cell isolation from PBMCs with Dynabeads: CD4 Positive Isolation Kit - Magnetic bead-based TREG-TEFF cell isolation from PBMC with Miltenyi CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T cell Isolation Kit - Staining of human PBMC or ISOLATED SUBSETS with Cell Proliferation Dye-eFluor™ 670 (CPD-eFluor670) for cell proliferation evaluation by Flow Cytometry
A concise and accurate model for the magnetomechanical effect
Authors: Zhao Wei , Wang Shuting , Li Yaozhong , Liu Lunhong
Published: July 2020

Stress concentration and microscopic defects inside a component can cause the failure of equipment and mechanical structures, and traditional non-destructive testing (NDT) methods are not able to completely solve this problem. The magnetomechanical effect organically combines the magnetic
field and stress, making it an important approach for detecting stress concentration and microscopic defects in a component. The magnetomechanical model proposed by Jiles can explain the non-linear relationship between stress and magnetic induction, but it fails to explain the asymmetry in
the change of magnetisation under the conditions of tensile and compressive stress. A general nonlinear magnetomechanical model proposed by Shi can more precisely explain the magnetomechanical effect, but with complex equations. Using a more precise equation for magnetostrictive strain and
taking into account the effects of the demagnetising field and a linear stress-dependent term on the magnetomechanical effect, this paper proposes a concise and accurate model based on the merits of the two methods. This theoretical model can demonstrate the magnetomechanical effect more accurately
than Jiles' model and is easier to solve and apply than Shi's model. This model offers the possibility of quantitative measurement of stress concentration by magnetic measurements.
A Qualitative Evaluation of Tobacco Consumption in the Rural Context
Authors: Sanders-Jackson Ashley , Adams Robyn B. , Jussaume Raymond
Published: July 2020

Objectives: Understanding what rural adult tobacco users think about tobacco use, tobacco control policies and health may help create acceptable policies and interventions. Methods: We completed 8 focus groups in rural Michigan from winter 2016 through summer 2018. Interviews
were transcribed and an iterative thematic analysis was completed during fall 2018. Results: Although our primary themes of Independence, Respect, Social Context, Economic Calculus, and Policy with an underlying theme of health were similar to themes that typically arise in tobacco
control research, their application and social context appear to be unique in rural communities. Issues of respect for tobacco users, and well as third-party individuals affected by tobacco use, were paramount for participants. They viewed tobacco use as an individual choice and not a structural
or policy-relevant issue, although they accepted restrictions on tobacco use in most settings where non-smokers are present. Conclusions: Participants understood that smoking is problematic and seem to be open to anti-smoking messaging and policies when correctly framed. Participants
blame themselves for their smoking (ignoring industry responsibility) and used language that can be found in tobacco marketing. Framing tobacco control as a way to protect children while respecting smokers as people may be successful.
Treating COVID-19: Review of Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions
Authors: Treating COVID-19: Review of Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions MT , Herrera-Lasso Regás V , Martí-Garrido J , Rodríguez Cumplido D , Vázquez-Revuelta P , Lleonart Bellfill R
Published: July 2020

The disease caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ie, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become a global pandemic since it was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Its severe clinical manifestations, which often necessitate admission to intensive care units, and high mortality rate represent a therapeutic challenge for the medical community. To date, no drugs have been approved for its treatment, and various therapeutic options are being assayed to address the pathophysiological processes underlying the clinical manifestations experienced by patients. New and old drugs administered as monotherapy or in combination to immunologically compromised patients may favor the development of adverse drug reactions, including drug hypersensitivity reactions, which must be identified and managed accordingly. Given the lack of herd immunity and the high rate of viral contagion, new cases are expected to emerge in the coming months. Thus, the probability of more adverse reactions or even new clinical manifestations may increase in parallel. Allergists must receive updated information on these treatments, as well as on the management of possible drug hypersensitivity reactions.
Burden, clinical manifestation and outcome of severe malaria in children at a tertiary hospital in Northeast, Nigeria
Authors: I. Jalo , Warnow Isaac E. , R. Aliu , Shina Hassan K.
Published: July 2020

Background: Severe malaria is a life-threatening medical emergency and requires prompt and effective treatment to prevent death. The presentation of severe malaria varies depending on such factors as country, age, immunity, socioeconomic factors, drug resistance and type of intervention measures used. The aim of this study is to document the burden and forms of severe malaria in children in this region. Objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, clinical manifestation and outcome of children with severe malaria in Federal Teaching Hospital, GombeMethods: Case notes of patients admitted to the emergency Paediatric Unit and paediatric medical ward of Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe with severe malaria from January 2014 to December 2018 (5years) were reviewed.  Information sought included age, gender, use of ITN, parents’ education and occupation, criteria for diagnosis, treatment and outcome.Results: A total of 2,808 children were admitted during the period of study, out of these 237 (8.4%) had severe malaria. There were 140 (59.1%) male and 97 (40.9%) female with M: F of 1.4:1. Majority 129 (54.4%) of patients were aged more than 5 years. The most frequent modes of presentation were multiple convulsions 124 (52.3%), cerebral malaria 97 (40.9%) and severe anaemia 61 (25.7%). Some 45 (19.0%) of the subjects presented with multiple diagnostic criteria. Multiple convulsions, cerebral malaria and severe anaemia were significantly related to likelihood of mortality.Conclusions: The prevalence of severe malaria is high and multiple convulsions, cerebral malaria and severe anaemia are significantly associated with risk of mortality.
Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever in children in a tertiary care hospital of Navi Mumbai, India
Authors: Bhat Minakshi , Otiv Anjali
Published: July 2020

Background: Dengue fever is a mosquito born arboviral illness endemic in tropical countries and causes significant mortality and morbidity due to lack of definitive treatment. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical and laboratory profile of confirmed cases of dengue in children up to 12 years of age and also to charactrise the risk factors for severe dengue.Methods: This is a descriptive, observational, retrospective study done in the Department of Pediatrics, Terna Medical College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, India.   Medical records of all children up to 12 years of age diagnosed to have dengue   were reviewed.  Their clinical and laboratory profile were recorded in a pro forma and analyzed. All cases were classified as per WHO guidelines into non severe and severe dengue cases.Results: Among the 117 confirmed dengue cases, (84.6%) had non severe dengue and (15.4%) had severe dengue. The most common age group affected was 9-12 years (45.3%) with a male to female ratio of 2.4:1. Fever was the most common clinical feature seen in all cases followed by headache (83%), myalgia (81%), ascites (24.7%), vomiting (17.9%). Clinical signs of ascitis, hepatomegally, gastrointestinal bleeding, pleural effusion and shock were predominantly associated with severe dengue cases. Laboratory parameters showed leukopenia in 58.1% and thrombocytopenia (platelet counts <20,000/cumm3) in16.2% cases. Elevated liver enzymes, raised hematocrit (36.3%) and coagulation abnormalities were seen in over 50% dengue cases and were significantly associated with severe dengue dengue.Conclusions: Knowledge of clinical   and laboratory profile of dengue cases of a particular area will help in early prediction of risk factors for severe dengue resulting in favourable outcome of such cases.
Relative safety of steroid sparing agents in frequently relapsing, steroid dependent and steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome in pediatric patients
Authors: Begum Sabnam Ara , Tripathi Santanu Kumar , Nandy Mousumi , Ghosh Sanat Kumar , Mukherjee Shatavisa , Saha Debajyoti
Published: July 2020

Background: In patients with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS), steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) and steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) steroids are either used for prolonged period of time or ineffective. To reduce the degree of steroid dependency and avoid steroid toxicity, several immunosuppressive steroid sparing agents (SPAs) have been proposed to treat these children. The present study tried to study the relative safety of most commonly steroid sparing agent in such children.Methods: A multi-centred, prospective observational study was conducted in paediatric nephrology OPD of two tertiary care hospitals in Kolkata over a period of 24 months. All consecutive children with diagnosed FRNS, SDNS and SRNS who were started on steroid sparing agents were enrolled and followed up for at least 6 months. Records of clinical examination, laboratory tests were collected and measured at the baseline and regular intervals. Safety parameters were noted and statistically analysed.Results: A total 110 patients were screened, examined and enrolled. Levamisole, cyclophosphamide and MMF were commonly used SPAs. Of the two tertiary care hospitals, all the patients of FRNS and SDNS were started with levamisole and SRNS with cyclophosphamide in one set-up, while in the other hospital some SDNS patients were started with cyclophosphamide and SRNS with MMF but without clinically significant outcomes. In comparison with few minor adverse events in MMF group, some serious adverse events were documented in the both cyclophosphamide and levamisole groups.Conclusions: Levamisole being a very efficacious, safe and easily affordable drug, should be used as an initial first line SPA in treating FRNS and SDNS children. The side effect profiles of levamisole and MMF are much more patient friendly.
An observational study of early neonatal outcome in babies born to mothers with pregnancy induced hypertension
Authors: C. Ramya , Kumari Rathna , Chitneni Charishma
Published: July 2020

Background: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality accounting for 15-20% of maternal deaths worldwide. In India the incidence of preeclampsia is reported to be 8-10 percent of the pregnancies objective of this study was to with the above background, this study was carried out to study early neonatal outcome in babies born to PIH mothers, Measure the adverse neonatal outcomes in the early neonatal period and compare the mode of delivery between control group and PIH group.Methods: A total of 58 neonates born to mothers diagnosed having gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia were taken as tests (group A), and 100 apparently healthy newborns born to normotensive mothers were enrolled as controls (group B) and followed up to 1st week of life. The outcome measures were compared between groups in terms of mode of delivery, preterm delivery, birth weight, APGAR score, intra uterine growth retardation, early neonatal complications.Results: In group A, 33 had LBW (56.89%) and in group B 18 had LBW (18%). The incidence of preterm deliveries in group A was higher as compared to group B (A- 43.10%, B-17%, p value <0.05). Babies born to PIH mothers had an increased incidence of IUGR, as compared to group B.Conclusions: PIH is one of the major causes of maternal, fetal and early neonatal morbidity and mortality. In this study authors found that risk of LBW, preterm delivery, NICU admission and IUGR in babies born to PIH mothers statistically significant. Early detection of high-risk individual by well trained personnel and timely referral to advanced tertiary center is necessary in bringing down the maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
A case of varicella induced remission of nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Joshi Amey , K. Subramanya N. , G. Muralidhar
Published: July 2020

Here authors report a case of a 7-year old girl diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome with urinary tract co-infection who during treatment with steroids developed a Varicella Zoster infection. After cessation of steroid therapy and commencement with antiviral drugs, the patient showed significant reduction in nephrotic features and complete resolution of nephrotic syndrome as with the VZV super-infection.
Simultaneous presentation of post infectious glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic fever in an eight year old girl child
Authors: Suresh Jayasurya , R. Nidheesh Chandran
Published: July 2020

An 8-year-old female child presented with simultaneous symptoms of post infectious glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic fever. The child was treated with penicillin V, Aspirin and she responded well to the treatment. However, this co presentation of acute rheumatic fever and post infectious glomerulonephritis in a child is rare and hence authors report the case. This sequela of streptococcal autoimmunity are considered to be pathogenetically distinct.
Unusual presentation of vitamin B12 deficiency in a 3 month old infant: presentation with hemolysis and thrombocytopenia
Authors: Shankar Poornima , H. Anil
Published: July 2020

A 3 month old infant exclusively breast fed presented with vomiting and poor weight gain with purpuric and echymotic patches all over the body. The child also had hyperpigmentation over knuckles and icterus. Laboratory investigations revealed severe dimorphic anemia with thrombocytopenia, elevated bilirubin and LDH levels and severe vitamin B12 deficiency. Following vitamin B12 supplementation there was improvement in well-being including feed tolerance, icterus resolved and in follow up lab studies there was improvement in hemoglobin and platelet counts along with reduced bilirubin levels. Through this case report we want to emphasize the possibility of vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as hemolytic anemia and psuedothrombotic microangiopathy.
Clinicopathologic and radiologic features of pediatric unilateral nasal masses at a tertiary hospital
Authors: Alanazi Eman R. , Almomen Ali A. , Aljafer Hadeel M. , Alazzeh Ghaleb M. , Alkhatib Abdurahamn M.
Published: July 2020

Background: Cases of unilateral nasal masses (UNM’s) are usually inflammatory but some are neoplastic in nature.  We conducted this study to determine the clinic-pathologic features, radiological findings and patterns of UNM’s in our institution.

Methods: We conducted a retroactive chart review of all pediatric cases followed and treated for medically untreatable UNM from 2015 till 2018 at King Fahad Specialist Hospital (KFSH) in Dammam, Saudi Arabia.  

Results: Cases of 25 patients (16 males and 9 females) with a mean age of 10.81±4.53 years were studied. There were 12 patients (48.0%) who presented with a nasal obstruction, and nasal polyp was found by fiberoptic nasal endoscopy (FNE) in 12 patients (48.0%). Two patients (8.0%) had unremarkable FNE findings. The most common site of origin of the mass was the ethmoid sinus (24.0%). Twenty patients (80.0%) had FESS, 3 (12.0%) had endoscopic excision, 1 had FESS plus abscess drainage and 1 (4.0%) had marsupialization. Two patients (8.0%) had recurrence 12 months after surgery, and one patient (4.0%) had recurrence six months after surgery. Six patients (24.0%) had malignant tumor of which 3 patients (12.0%) expired from the disease.

Conclusions: Pediatric patients with a UNM may present with varied symptoms and may show unremarkable results with nasal endoscopy. However the risk of having an underlying malignant process is very high, thus a histopathologic diagnosis is warranted to confirm the diagnosis.

 
Endoscopic sinus surgery and its effects on pulmonary function test in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis
Authors: Lyngdoh Dameshwa S. , Behera Subrat Kumar , Swain Smruti , Pattnaik Manoranjan
Published: July 2020

Background: The human upper and lower respiratory tract share a close relationship in respect to existence of diseases. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery with the Lund- Mackay staging system and to find any objective changes between the pre and post-operative pulmonary function test values in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery.

Methods: A total of 50 patients of CRSwNP refractory to maximal medical treatment (for 1 month) planned for endoscopic sinus surgery were included in the study. Results were assessed on the basis of pre and post-operative endoscopic and CT scores and PFT (FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC) values.  

Results: Postoperatively, Lund Mackay endoscopic and CT scores improved from the preoperative values, which were statistically significant with p values<0.05. Comparing FEV1/FVC, FVC and FEV1 values in three situations- preoperative versus postoperative 1 month, preoperative versus postoperative 3rd month and post-operative 1st month versus postoperative 3rd month, the difference between the means were found to be statistically significant (p=0.000), except for FVC between postoperative 3rd month and 1st month.

Conclusions: This study provides objective evidence that patients with CRSwNP may have non clinical lower airway disease detected by PFT and ESS is effective in improvement of both nasal and lower airway disease as evident from the improvements in PFT values.
Tympanoplasty with and without mastoidectomy in wet ears: a comparative study
Authors: Munjal Manish , Talwar Gopika , Munjal Shubham , Saggar Tulika
Published: July 2020

Background: Effect of cortical mastoidectomy on graft uptake and graft mobility and thence shift of hearing thresholds was analysed in tympanoplasty in discharging ears.

Methods: In this study, 60 subjects of safe chronic suppurative otitis media were selected from the outpatient clinics of Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana. All were subjected to tympanoplasty utilizing the underlay technique. Mastoid exploration was undertaken in the ears with persistent ear discharge.  

Results: Cortical mastoidectomy performed in 20 (33.3%) out of 60 patients and most of cases were done in superiorly based/superior cuff tympanoplasty group in our study. No statistically significance found between cortical mastoidectomy and different flap technique. Mean hearing gain is more with cortical mastoidectomy (16.85 dB) than without cortical mastoidectomy (13.05 dB) and graft uptake was 97.5% without cortical and 95% with cortical mastoidectomy.

Conclusions: There was higher mean gain in thresholds of hearing in subjects with cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty though uptake was almost equal to those without mastoidectomy.
Hearing impairment in patients of hypothyroidism in sub Himalayan region
Authors: Gupta Vikasdeep , Dogra Sunder Singh , Bansal Pardeep , Thakur Kuldeep , Sharma Vidhu , Verma Deepak , . Vandana
Published: July 2020

Background: The objective of the study was to assess the hearing impairment in patients of hypothyroidism.

Methods: A prospective clinical study has done at a referral centre included 33 diagnosed patients of hypothyroidism in the age group of 15 to 65 years, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria who attended the outpatient department. The diagnosis of hypothyroidism was confirmed by thyroid function tests i.e., serum T3, T4 and TSH levels while hearing assessment was done using tuning fork tests, pure tone audiometry, impedance audiometry and otoacoustic emissions. Hearing impairment was measured in decibels of hearing loss, or dB HL and graded as mild, moderate, moderately severe, severe, or profound.  

Results: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty showed 42.7% of the patients had high frequency sensorineural type of hearing loss. The air bone gap was not significant. On tympanometry, all the patients had type A graph and distortion product otoacoustic emissionss in all patients were pass.

Conclusions: Acquired hypothyroidism affects primarily high frequency hearing thresholds causing high frequency sensorineural hearing loss, with little or no effect on lower frequencies.
Usual pathology at an unusual site - pleomorphic adenoma of parapharyngeal space: a rare case report
Authors: Chauhan Pankaj , Khanoria Rita , Sharma Disha , Guleria Trilok C.
Published: July 2020

The parapharyngeal space is an inverted triangular pyramid. Parapharyngeal space masses account for 0.5% of all head and neck tumours and the majority is benign. Minor salivary gland tumour is a rare entity. A 75 years old female presented with a mass left side soft palate, per operatively mass of size about 6×3 cm was deeply extending to left parapharyngeal space and excised through transoral approach which came out to be pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary gland on histopathological examination. Although external approach should be preferred due to important structure in vicinity but transoral approach can be used in selective cases.
ENT endoscopic procedures and aerosolization during COVID-19 pandemic: a review of concepts and guidelines
Authors: Patar Mukul , Borsaikia Kusum , Islam Taufeequl
Published: July 2020

Otolaryngologists are more prone for exposure to aerosols during routine ENT examination and endoscopic procedures. ENT endoscopy procedures are considered as most aerosol-generating procedures and preferably routine procedures are avoided and deferred, if at all not necessary or urgent at this time of COVID-19 pandemic. The small particle size and extended travel of airborne aerosols mandate the use of specific personal protective equipment (PPE) and barriers by the health care workers to protect against transmission of COVID-19. Studies have recommended ENT endoscopy in awake patients with adequate topical preparation for local anaesthesia. Use of sprays should be avoided, instead, carefully placed pledgets should be used to provide adequate decongestion and anesthesia. Well ventilated endoscopy room with negative pressure (preferably), wearing a N95 mask with face shield or full PPE, thorough cleaning of entire endoscope after removal by standard disinfectants, decontamination of endoscopy room after each procedure and proper disposal of contaminated waste products are some common guidelines advised by health authorities globally till date.
Chronological events in the surgery of the septum
Authors: Munjal Manish , Arora Pankaj , Munjal Shubham , Saggar Tulika
Published: July 2020

Nasal obstruction unilateral or bilateral, secondary to congenital birth passage or adult, nasal trauma requires surgical intervention of the deviated septum. Intervention ranges from a minimal septal repositioning to submucosal resection, simple septoplasty or the extensive extracorporeal septoplasty. The development of septal surgery with the developments in the field of rhinology has been reviewed.

 
Application of Electromechanical Installation Construction Technology in Practical Engineering
Authors: Huang Zichuan
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, with the continuous development of economy and society, the frequency of electromechanical installation projects in various industries is getting higher and higher. With the continuous improvement of mechanization level, the requirements for business personnel engaged in mechanical and electrical installation engineering are getting higher and higher. Electromechanical installation is a very important part in construction engineering. Only through continuous innovation, technical renewal and transformation, can the engineering function be effectively guaranteed and the economic benefit be increased. As urban construction enters the fast lane, people's requirements for the quality of life are gradually improved. The installation of construction electromechanical projects is the most prominent link in construction engineering, so construction units should pay attention to the installation of engineering electromechanical projects. The emphasis of engineering electromechanical installation is the control of installation quality and the innovation of installation technology. Based on the author's practical experience, this article first emphasizes the necessity of electromechanical installation, and then explains the relationship between construction engineering and electromechanical installation in combination with engineering practice, aiming at emphasizing the irreplaceable role of electromechanical installation in construction engineering.
Secondary Structural Effects of Polyamino Acids in Materials Science and Biomedicine
Authors: Li Baihong
Published: July 2020

Polyaminoacids not only have excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, but also have special functions different from conventional polymers due to their secondary structure (α-helix, random curl), which is similar to protein and its responsive transformation, which has important applications in the fields of materials and biomedicine. In this paper, the new progress of the research group on the secondary structure of polyaminoacids in polymer antifouling coating, nanoparticle-cell membrane interaction and protein modification in recent years is briefly summarized, and the future development direction of the secondary structure of polyamino acids is briefly prospected.
Characteristics of Natural Mineral Sorbent for Water Treatment of Drinking Water from Underground Sources
Authors: Fomenko A.I. , Sokolov L.I.
Published: July 2020

The results of research of sorption characteristics of natural mineral material – marsh ferromanganese ore are presented. Indicators of physical properties and mechanical strength, specific surface area of grains of ore samples were determined. The high efficiency of extraction of manganese and iron ions from underground waters by this natural material without the use of additional reagents is revealed. The kinetics of the sorption process was studied. It is shown that the extraction of manganese and iron ions from water solutions by marsh ferromanganese ore proceeds by a sorption-catalytic mechanism. For each ion, the values of the sorption capacity of the sorbent, the sorption equilibrium constants, and the kinetic parameters of the sorption process are calculated.
Innovative Technologies for Рrocessing Leather and Fur Raw Materials
Authors: Shalbuyev D.V. , Radnayeva V.D. , Sovetkin N.V. , Tumurova T.B.
Published: July 2020

The innovative developments in the field of processing of leather and sheepskin-fur coat raw materials are presented. New technologies make it possible to process sheepskin and leather raw materials with a minimum consumption of chemical materials, consume fresh water, generate wastewater and shorten the processing.
The Extent and Consequences of the Use of mercury in Gold Mining in the Altai Republic
Authors: Robertus Yu.V.
Published: July 2020

The data on ore and placer gold mining facilities in the north-eastern part of the Altai Republic are given. The widespread use of mercury for the extraction of gold by the amalgamation method has been established. The features of the use of mercury by gold mining enterprises in the region are characterized. Estimated oriental volumes of mercury used and the mass of generated mercury-containing waste. The main environmental effects of mercury emissions into the environment during storage of ore enrichment waste containing it were determined. Local foci of mercury contamination were identified in the areas where the stripping shops were located in settlements. The levels of mercury in the natural environments of settlements with the presence of gold mining objects have been established.
Research and Design of the Process for the Absorption of CO2 from Flue Gases
Authors: Yusubov F.V. , Mansurov E.F.
Published: July 2020

A mathematical model is considered for choosing the optimal operating mode of an industrial absorption apparatus for CO2 emission from flue gases. The analysis of CO2 absorption from flue gases in dynamics and the hydraulic resistance of the nozzle of an industrial absorber are carried out. It was found that the temperature and pressure of the absorption process significantly affect the emission of CO2 from flue gases. It was determined that with an increase in the gas flow rate, the concentration of CO2 at the outlet of the absorber increases. As a result of the studies, the optimal mode of the process of CO2 adsorption from flue gases was obtained, while maintaining the optimal technological parameters of the absorption process and observing environmental standards.
Trends and Рrospects for the Development of Legislation on Environmental Emergencies
Authors: Zhavoronkova N.G. , Kharchenko S.G. , Agafonov V.B.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to identifying current trends and prospects for the development of legislation of the Russian Federation on environmental emergencies in the context of changing and exponentially increasing environmental, industrial and biological threats and risks. Based on the results of the analysis of the current legislation, the conclusion is proved, according to which there is currently no appropriate regulatory and methodological framework that allows you to quickly take into account, identify and classify all possible signs and conditions for attributing certain threats and risks to an emergency of a natural, man-made, and, in particular, biological nature, in particular, in the case of epidemics. To solve the existing problems, the authors propose a number of measures to improve the current legislation on emergency situations, including by preventing (reducing the risk) of environmental disasters, emergencies, as well as eliminating their consequences by implementing a set of measures to improve the disturbed territories.