bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breeding Habitat Preference of the Dengue Vector Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Urban, Semiurban, and Rural Areas in Kurunegala District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Herath J. M. Manel K. , De Silva W. A. Priyanka P. , Weeraratne Thilini C. , Karunaratne S. H. P. Parakrama
Published: January 2024

Elimination of vector mosquito larvae and their breeding environments is an effective strategy in dengue disease control. Present study examined larval density and water quality in breeding habitats and container preference of dengue vectors Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Larval surveys were conducted monthly in urban, semiurban, and rural sites in Kurunegala, Sri Lanka, from January 2019 to December 2021. Larval densities were recorded under the following three categories: type of container (16 types), type of material (6 types), and location (indoor/outdoor). Breeding preference ratios (BPRs) were calculated using Index of Available Containers and the Index of Contribution to Breeding Sites. Out of 19,234 wet containers examined, larval stages were found in 1,043 habitats. Ae. albopictus larvae were in all three areas whereas Ae. aegypti larvae were restricted to urban areas. Highest number of wet containers and highest positivity were reported from urban followed by semiurban. In general, discarded nondegradable items were the most frequent and mostly positive breeding sites. For Ae. aegypti, the most preferred breeding sites were gutters and concrete slabs. Ae. albopictus mostly preferred concrete slabs in urban areas and tyres in semiurban and rural areas. Material types such as rubber and concrete were mostly preferred by Ae. aegypti whereas ceramic was preferred by Ae. albopictus. Although plastic was the most available material type in all study sites, preference to plastic was low except for urban Ae. albopictus. Both species preferred urban indoor breeding habitats although outdoor breeding was preferred by Ae. albopictus in rural areas. Larval densities of Ae. aegypti and semiurban Ae. albopictus significantly correlated with the BPR of the container type and material type. Dengue vector larvae were found in a 6.7–9.4 pH range. Total dissolved solids and alkalinity positively correlated with preference. Information generated can be successfully used in waste management and public education for effective vector control.
Blood Oxygen Saturation Estimation with Laser-Induced Graphene Respiration Sensor
Authors: Madevska Bogdanova Ana , Koteska Bojana , Vićentić Teodora , D. Ilić Stefan , Tomić Miona , Spasenović Marko
Published: January 2024

Measuring blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) is crucial in a triage process for identifying patients with respiratory distress or shock, since low SpO2 levels indicate compromised hemostability and the need for priority treatment. This paper explores the use of wearable mechanical deflection sensors based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) for SpO2 estimation. The LIG sensors are attached to a subject’s chest for real-time monitoring of respiratory signals. We have developed a novel database of the respiratory signals, with corresponding SpO2 values ranging from 86% to 100%. The database is used to develop an artificial neural network model for SpO2 estimation. The neural network performance is promising, with regression metrics mean squared error = 0.184, mean absolute error = 0.301, root mean squared error = 0.429, and R-squared = 0.804. The use of mechanical respiration sensors in combination with neural networks in biosensing opens new possibilities for noninvasive SpO2 monitoring and other innovative applications.
Characterization of the Universal Flavor in Chinese Butter Hotpot by Multiple Mass Spectrometry Detection Technology
Authors: Yang Menglu , Mei Yuan , Lai Haimei , Wang Yali , Huang Yuli , Zeng Xueqing , Ge Lihong , Zhao Nan
Published: January 2024

Hotpot provides a multilevel unique flavor experience and is preferred by consumers who value various taste preferences. In the present study, results showed that alcohols, phenols, hydrocarbons, and others were the commonly predominant volatiles in all butter hotpot samples (74.43%∼92.92%). However, there were merely 25 codetected compounds determined among a total of 318 aroma compounds because of the discrepant ingredients and processing technique of hotpot samples, which were sampled from several representative manufacturers. Therefore, for the first time, multiple GC-Q-TOF/MS and GC-Orbitrap-MS methods were performed to explore the more 44 potential aroma compounds of butter hotpot, in which alpha-terpinyl, acetate, nonanal, piperitone, and (E)-lignstilde could further cause the differences in flavor intensity of spices aroma, smell of grease, and roasted, charred, and nutty (p<0.05). Linalool and nerol were the critical flavor precursors associated with ingredients and processing technic. Therefore, these results provide guidance for improving the butter hotpot formula and process technique.
Immune Modulation with RANKL Blockade through Denosumab Treatment in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Chang Hewitt , Marquez Jaqueline , Chen Brandon K. , Kim Daniel M. , Cheng Michael L. , Liu Eric V. , Yang Hai , Zhang Li , Sinha Meenal , Cheung Alexander , Kwek Serena S. , Chow Eric D. , Bridge Mark , Aggarwal Rahul R. , Friedlander Terence W. , Small Eric J. , Anderson Mark , Fong Lawrence
Published: January 2024

Denosumab is a fully human mAb that binds receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL). It is routinely administered to patients with cancer to reduce the incidence of new bone metastasis. RANK–RANKL interactions regulate bone turnover by controlling osteoclast recruitment, development, and activity. However, these interactions also can regulate immune cells including dendritic cells and medullary thymic epithelial cells. Inhibition of the latter results in reduced thymic negative selection of T cells and could enhance the generation of tumor-specific T cells. We examined whether administering denosumab could modify modulate circulating immune cells in patients with cancer. Blood was collected from 23 patients with prostate cancer and 3 patients with renal cell carcinoma, all of whom had advanced disease and were receiving denosumab, prior to and during denosumab treatment. Using high-dimensional mass cytometry, we found that denosumab treatment by itself induced modest effects on circulating immune cell frequency and activation. We also found minimal changes in the circulating T-cell repertoire and the frequency of new thymic emigrants with denosumab treatment. However, when we stratified patients by whether they were receiving chemotherapy and/or steroids, patients receiving these concomitant treatments showed significantly greater immune modulation, including an increase in the frequency of natural killer cells early and classical monocytes later. We also saw broad induction of CTLA-4 and TIM3 expression in circulating lymphocytes and some monocyte populations. These findings suggest that denosumab treatment by itself has modest immunomodulatory effects, but when combined with conventional cancer treatments, can lead to the induction of immunologic checkpoints.

See related Spotlight by Nasrollahi and Davar, p. 383.
FIGURE 2 from Phase II Study of the Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) in Combination with Nivolumab: Results from the Small Cell Lung Cancer Cohort
Authors: Nishio Makoto , Murakami Shuji , Kawakami Hisato , Okishio Kyoichi , Tamiya Motohiro , Kobayashi Haruki , Fujimoto Daichi , Sugawara Shunichi , Kozuki Toshiyuki , Oya Yuko , Izumi Hiroki , Shiroyama Takayuki , Satouchi Miyako , Yamamoto Noboru , Kaname Shota , Matsuoka Daiko , Otake Yohei , Takase Takao , Semba Taro , Azuma Koichi
Published: January 2024

Kaplan–Meier Curves of PFS (A) and OS (B). CI, confidence interval; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.
Data from Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase is Associated with Metastasis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Chauhan Gaurav B. , Edupuganti Ramakrishna , Kogawa Takahiro , Park Jihyun , Tacam Moises , Tan Alex W. , Mughees Mohd , Vidhu Fnu , Liu Diane D. , Taliaferro Juliana M. , Pitner Mary Kathryn , Browning Luke S. , Lee Ju-Hyeon , Bertucci François , Shen Yu , Wang Jian , Ueno Naoto T. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Tripathy Debu , Van Laere Steven J. , Bartholomeusz Geoffrey , Dalby Kevin N. , Bartholomeusz Chandra
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has high relapse and metastasis rates and a high proportion of cancer stem-like cells (CSC), which possess self-renewal and tumor initiation capacity. MELK (maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase), a protein kinase of the Snf1/AMPK kinase family, is known to promote CSC maintenance and malignant transformation. However, the role of MELK in TNBC metastasis is unknown; we sought to address this in the current study. We found that MELK mRNA levels were higher in TNBC tumors [8.11 (3.79–10.95)] than in HR+HER2− tumors [6.54 (2.90–9.26)]; P < 0.001]. In univariate analysis, patients with breast cancer with high-MELK–expressing tumors had worse overall survival (P < 0.001) and distant metastasis-free survival (P < 0.01) than patients with low-MELK–expressing tumors. In a multicovariate Cox regression model, high MELK expression was associated with shorter overall survival after adjusting for other baseline risk factors. MELK knockdown using siRNA or MELK inhibition using the MELK inhibitor MELK-In-17 significantly reduced invasiveness, reversed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and reduced CSC self-renewal and maintenance in TNBC cells. Nude mice injected with CRISPR MELK-knockout MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited suppression of lung metastasis and improved overall survival compared with mice injected with control cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MELK-In-17 suppressed 4T1 tumor growth in syngeneic BALB/c mice (P < 0.001). Our findings indicate that MELK supports metastasis by promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the CSC phenotype in TNBC.
Significance:
These findings indicate that MELK is a driver of aggressiveness and metastasis in TNBC.
Pulmonary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Mimicking Asthma-Like Symptoms: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhou Fan , Jiang Rong , Li Shenhong , He Xiaojie , Li Yongxia
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinoma (PACC) is a rare, low-grade malignant salivary gland-type tumor characterized by a dormant onset and slow progression, often leading to misdiagnosis. Due to its rarity, limited cases have been reported in the literature. This report aimed to enhance clinicians’ understanding of this infrequent disease. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 41-year-old female patient diagnosed with PACC. Our report provides a comprehensive analysis of the patient’s imaging, pathology, and treatment, with a particular focus on immunohistochemical results. Importantly, we emphasize the significance of considering foreign bodies and tumors in the bronchus when encountering asthma-like symptoms unresponsive to conventional treatments. Due to the uncertain etiology and pathophysiology of PACC, there are currently no established guidelines for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Conclusion: PACC predominantly manifests as bronchial lesions without significant clinical heterogeneity. Therefore, it is crucial to consider foreign bodies and tumors in the bronchus when dealing with asthma-like symptoms, especially in patients without chronic lung disease who do not respond to anti-infective, antispasmodic, and antiasthmatic treatments. Additionally, meticulous examination of lesions is essential for timely diagnosis and intervention, ultimately improving patient survival rates.
Temperament Traits in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Relation to Tourette Syndrome and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Cheng Jessica Szu-Chi , Khalil Elissa , Salehi Masoud , Mulcahy Lauren , Xie Isabella Yiru , Hadizadeh Hasti , Grados Marco A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Tourette syndrome (TS) are often concurrent. This study explores the temperament profile of complex OCD phenotypes. Methods: A clinical registry recorded demographic data, psychiatric diagnoses, and temperament traits, including novelty seeking (exploratory behaviors), harm avoidance (fear of uncertainty), reward dependence (sentimentality), and persistence (perseverance). Temperament data were accrued from the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI). Participants were divided into (1) OCD only; (2) OCD+ADHD or TS; and (3) OCD+ADHD+TS to compare temperament. Results: Participants include 126 youths with OCD (61.9% male, 88.9% white) between the ages 6 and 18 years (12.7 ± 3.1). Among the three groups, the complex neurodevelopmental disorder group OCD+ADHD+TS expresses the highest novelty seeking and lowest persistence. Harm avoidance is increased in all groups compared to reference controls, irrespective of concurrent ADHD or TS. For the OCD+ADHD+TS group, contamination and washing symptoms have higher novelty seeking (p < 0.01), while counting and ordering have lower novelty seeking (p < 0.05). Harm avoidance is increased with aggressive, somatic, and checking symptoms in OCD only (p < 0.01), while persistence is increased with repeating and counting symptoms in the comorbid groups (OCD+ADHD or TS, OCD+ADHD+TS). Discussion/Conclusion: The complex subtype, OCD+ADHD+TS, is associated with high novelty seeking and low persistence, while high harm avoidance is linked to pediatric OCD irrespective of ADHD or TS co-occurrence. In sum, pediatric OCD with ADHD and TS confers a unique temperament profile, further refining complex phenotypes of pediatric OCD for future research.
Twenty Years of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition: A State of the Field from TEMTIA X
Authors: Savagner Pierre , Brabletz Thomas , Cheng Chonghui , Gilles Christine , Hong Tian , Polette Myriam , Sheng Guojun , Stemmler Marc P. , Thompson Erik W.
Published: January 2024

This report summarizes the 10th biennial meeting of The Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition International Association (TEMTIA), that took place in Paris on November 7–10, 2022. It provides a short but comprehensive introduction to the presentations and discussions that took place during the 3-day meeting. Similarly to previous TEMTIA meetings, TEMTIA X reviewed the most recent aspects of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a cellular process involved during distinct stages of development but also during wound healing and fibrosis to some degree. EMT has also been associated at various levels during tumor cell progression and metastasis. The meeting emphasized the intermediate stages of EMT (partial EMT or EM hybrid cells) involved in the malignant process and their potential physiological or pathological importance, taking advantage of advancements in molecular methods at the single-cell level. It also introduced novel descriptions of EMT occurrences during early embryogenesis. Sessions explored relationships between EMT and cell metabolism and how EMT can affect immune responses, particularly during tumor progression, providing new targets for cancer therapy. Finally, it introduced a new perception of EMT biological meaning based on an evolutionary perspective. The meeting integrated the TEMTIA general assembly, allowing general discussion about the future of the association and the site of the next meeting, now decided to take place in Seattle, USA, in November 2024. This report provides a comprehensive introduction to the presentations and discussions that took place during the 10th biennial meeting of TEMTIA, that occurred in Paris on November 7–10, 2022. It includes all the sessions and follows the chronological order during the 3-day meeting. A general purpose of the meeting was to explore the boundaries of the EMT process, including new concepts and developments, as illustrated by our leitmotiv for the meeting, inspired by the proximity of the Cluny Museum in Paris.
5-Aminosalicylic Acid-Induced Liver Injury in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report
Authors: Watanabe Asuka , Nishida Tsutomu , Osugi Naoto , Kitanaka Takao , Minoura Yutaro , Okabe Satoru , Sakamoto Naohiro , Fujii Yoshifumi , Sugimoto Aya , Nakamatsu Dai , Matsumoto Kengo , Yamamoto Masashi , Adachi Shiro , Fukui Koji
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) associated with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is a rare but potentially life-threatening adverse event. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 58-year-old woman with ulcerative colitis who developed DILI after initiating maintenance therapy with the multimatrix system 5-ASA. The patient presented with grade 4 liver enzyme elevation on day 98 after initiating 5-ASA and was admitted to the hospital. Blood tests revealed the mixed liver injury, and imaging studies showed no abnormalities except for mild lymph node enlargement. Liver biopsy revealed acute lobular hepatitis with interfacial activity. The patient’s score on the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group 1999 revised scoring system was a total score of 10, causing a suspicion for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. The DDW-J 2004 scale calculated a total score of six, indicating a high probability of DILI. We suspected DILI due to 5-ASA, and the 5-ASA formulations were discontinued. The patient was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid and neominophagen C, and her liver function gradually improved without steroid treatment. Finally, we definitively diagnosed DILI based on the pathological findings and clinical course after discontinuation of 5-ASA. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of monitoring liver function in patients receiving 5-ASA therapy.
A Case of Osteopetrosis with Orbital Inflammation Secondary to Maxillary Osteomyelitis
Authors: Misaki Takafumi , Murao Fumiko , Shinomiya Kayo , Tani Akihiro , Yamada Masayuki , Mitamura Yoshinori
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Osteopetrosis is a rare heritable disorder characterized by increased bone density resulting from osteoclast dysfunction. Major complications include bone fracture, osteomyelitis, anemia, and cranial nerve compression. Optic atrophy can occur due to compression of the optic nerve. Although osteomyelitis of the jaw is a common complication, it rarely occurs in the maxilla. Here, we report a case of a 74-year-old female with osteopetrosis who developed maxillary osteomyelitis, leading to orbital inflammation. Case Presentation: She was referred to our clinic for 2 months of ptosis and swelling of the left eyelid and temporal region. Previous imaging revealed a left intraorbital occupying lesion, but a biopsy of the temporal subcutaneous tissue did not provide a definitive diagnosis. After 7 months, she presented with severe temporal swelling and purulent discharge. Upon examination, maxillary osteomyelitis resulting from caries of the upper jaw was observed. Treatment with oral antibiotics, drainage of the temporal skin fistula, and regular cleaning of the maxillary drainage improved her symptoms. Conclusion: This is a rare case of maxillary osteomyelitis associated with osteopetrosis, causing orbital inflammation.
Symptoms of Isolated Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with Systemic, Brain, and Meningeal Metastases from Breast Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Kyo Akika , Yamamoto Manabu , Kohno Takeya , Haruna Yusuke , Honda Shigeru
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Ocular metastases from breast cancer, particularly involving the optic nerve, are rare and pose a diagnostic challenge. Typically, optic nerve metastases are believed to originate from nearby choroidal metastases or hematogenous spread through the posterior ciliary arteries. However, there have been some reports of metastases through leptomeningeal dissemination. The aim of this report was to describe a case of multiple brain metastases from breast cancer without subjective symptoms other than central scotoma, which was diagnosed with repeated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Case Presentation: A 62-year-old woman who had previously undergone a mastectomy for left breast cancer complained of left ocular pain during eye movement and left visual loss. Initial contrast-enhanced MRI showed no significant abnormalities, and idiopathic optic neuritis was suspected. Despite steroid pulse therapy, her visual function did not improve. After four and a half months, her visual acuity worsened, and repeat contrast-enhanced MRI showed brain metastases involving the optic nerve sheath. Conclusion: Despite the multiple brain metastases, ultimately the patient’s only symptom was unilateral visual loss. These findings highlight the usefulness of repeated contrast-enhanced MRI for detecting brain metastases, especially in cases without other apparent neurological symptoms or initial imaging abnormalities.
Microbiota Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Biedermann Luc , Kreienbühl Andrea , Rogler Gerhard
Published: January 2024

Background: In both Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) the immune reaction is – at least partially – directed against components of the luminal microbiota of the gut. These immune responses as well as other factors contribute to a phenomenon frequently described as “dysbiosis” meaning an alteration of the composition of the colonic microbiota. To improve the dysbiosis and to restore the normal composition of the colonic microbiota, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been tested as a therapeutic option to induce and maintain remission in IBD patients. Summary: This review will first discuss changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota found in IBD patients and second the therapeutic potential of microbiological interventions for the treatment of these patients. FMT has been studied in several clinical trials in both, CD and UC. Reported results and subsequent meta-analyses indicate that FMT may be effective to induce remission in UC. However, the optimal route of FMT, the necessary number of administrations and the question whether life bacteria of freshly prepared stool is more effective than frozen are still unclear. Concepts associated with an optimization of FMT such as the “super donor concept” or the “consortia-approach” will be discussed to illustrate open questions and difficulties associated with microbiota therapy in IBD. Key Messages: The microbiota composition in IBD patients shows significant alterations compared to healthy individuals termed as “dysbiosis”. FMT and other therapeutic approaches to modify the microbiota composition have been studied in clinical trials in recent years. Efficacy has been shown in UC; however, many questions with respect to the optimization of microbiota therapy remain to be answered.
The Modulatory Role of Hypothermia in Poststroke Brain Inflammation: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Authors: Xu Wei , Geng Xiaokun , Fayyaz Aminah I. , Ding Yuchuan
Published: January 2024

Background: Acute ischemic stroke remains a major contributor to mortality and disability worldwide. The use of hypothermia has emerged as a promising neuroprotective strategy, with proven effectiveness in cardiac arrest and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury. Summary: This review explores the therapeutic potential of hypothermia in ischemic stroke by examining its impact on poststroke inflammatory responses. We synthesized evidence from basic and clinical studies to illustrate the inhibitory effects of hypothermia on poststroke brain inflammation. The underlying mechanisms include modulation of microglial activation and polarization; downregulation of key inflammatory pathways such as MAPKs, NF-KB, and JAK/STAT; protection of the blood-brain barrier integrity; and reduction of immune cell infiltration into the brain. We also discuss the current limitations of hypothermia treatment in clinical practice and highlight future research directions for optimizing protocols and evaluating its clinical efficacy in stroke patients. Key Messages: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has evolved significantly with advancements in medical technologies, especially with the introduction of automated cooling devices, both intravascular and surface based. However, a refined, highly individualized, and effective hypothermia protocol may stand robust against the devastating consequences of ischemic stroke, and we think it should become the future development goal.
CCL7 Chemokine Is a Marker but Not a Therapeutic Target of Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Casemayou Audrey , Piedrafita Alexis , Engel Rémi , Feuillet Guylène , Alves Melinda , Tack Ivan , Klein Julie , Buleon Marie , Schanstra Joost P. , Faguer Stanislas
Published: January 2024

Background: Chemokines orchestrate immune cells activation and infiltration during acute kidney injury (AKI). Objectives: We aim to test whether deletion of C-C chemokine ligand 7 (CCL7), a small chemokine related to CCL2 (MCP-1), may modulate AKI development and progression toward kidney fibrosis. Method: Expression of CCL7 was quantified in murine cortical tubular (MCT) cells exposed to myoglobin or lipopolysaccharide or submitted to metabolic reprogramming. Kidney function (BUN, glomerular filtration rate), expression of CCL7 receptors, and kidney infiltration by inflammatory cells (F4/80+ macrophages, MPO+ neutrophils, and B220+ B-cells) were assessed in wt and Ccl7−/− mice submitted to 3 different models of AKI or kidney fibrosis (uni/bilateral ischemia/reperfusion injury (u/bIRI) and rhabdomyolysis). Results: Toxin exposure of MCT cells, as well as metabolic reprogramming recapitulating AKI changes, led to a dramatic up-regulation of CCL7. In vivo, kidney expression of Ccl7 and Ccl2 significantly increased after AKI and remained increased beyond the acute phase (30 days after uIRI). The expression of the CCL7 receptors was heterogeneous and varied with time. Kidney function, expression of CCL7 receptors and Ccl2, and the number of inflammatory cells within kidneys were similar in wt and Ccl7−/− mice at baseline and at day 2 after AKI. Thirty days after uIRI, kidney fibrosis was similar in both mouse strains. Conclusions: Despite strong induction of CCL7 after AKI, CCL7 deficiency does not prevent AKI and the transition toward kidney fibrosis and should probably not be further explored as a potential target to prevent or treat AKI.
Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Kinetics of Solute Adsorption
Authors: Ramírez-Guerrero Gonzalo , Reis Thiago , Lorenzin Anna , Marcello Matteo , de Cal Massimo , Zanella Monica , Ronco Claudio
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Hemadsorption with new sorbent cartridges is an emerging extracorporeal blood purification technique. Flow distribution inside the sorbent is one of the main issues concerning the device’s performance and optimal sorbent utilization. In this experiment, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of vibration during adsorption by measuring the removal of vancomycin. Methods: In this experimental study, 1,000 mL of saline with 10 g of vancomycin was circulated in a closed circuit (set flow of 250 mL/min) simulating a hemadsorption blood run using HA380 minimodule cartridge containing 75 g of wet resin. This vibration model was implemented with a damping head device installed in front of the adsorption cartridge during the experiment. The kinetics of the vancomycin were assessed by removal ratio over 120 min. Results: We found no difference between the two models. Adsorption with and without vibration did not differ significantly for partial reduction ratios, overall amount of adsorbed molecule, or adsorption kinetics. Conclusion: The current design and structure of the minimodule cartridge demonstrated no difference in small-middle solute removal. Further improvement with the addition of mechanical vibration to the device was not observed.
Cytopathology of Chondromyxoid Fibroma: Report of 2 Cases with Immunocytochemical Expression of GRM1
Authors: Watabe Shiori , Kikuchi Yoshinao , Motoi Toru , Yamamoto Asako , Imanishi Jungo , Tokizaki Toru , Sato Kenji , Mukaiyama Junji , Minami Shuhei , Ishida Tsuyoshi , Kawano Hirotaka , Uozaki Hiroshi
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare, benign bone tumor that occurs predominantly in the second and third decades of life, more frequently in males. Overexpression of GRM1 as a consequence of tumor-specific gene rearrangement of GRM1 has recently been reported as a useful immunohistochemical marker for histopathological diagnosis of CMF. However, the usefulness of GRM1 staining of cytology specimens has not yet been evaluated. In this report, the cytological findings and GRM1 immunocytochemistry of two cases of CMF are described. Case Presentations: Case 1 was a 15-year-old girl with a rib tumor. Imaging findings suggested a benign neurogenic tumor such as schwannoma. The tumor had increased in size over a 2-year period and was resected. Case 2 was a 14-year-old boy with a metatarsal tumor involving his left first toe. Imaging findings were suspicious of a benign neoplastic lesion. Biopsy findings suggested a benign tumor, and the patient underwent tumor resection. Cytologically, in both cases the tumor cells were predominantly spindle-shaped or stellate, with a myxoid to chondromyxoid background matrix and multinucleated giant cells, and these matrices were metachromatic with Giemsa staining. Cellular atypia was more accentuated in case 2 than in case 1. Immunocytochemical staining for GRM1 was positive in both cases. Conclusion: Due to the overlap in cytological findings, it is often difficult to differentiate CMF from chondroblastoma and chondrosarcoma grade 2. Immunocytochemical staining for GRM1 may support the diagnosis of CMF, and the reuse of Papanicolaou-stained specimens is applicable. The present cases further demonstrated the difficulty of differentiating CMF from other mimicking tumors such as chondroblastoma and chondrosarcoma grade 2. In such instances, immunocytochemistry for GRM1 is applicable to the diagnostic process, the value of which is strengthened by reusing Papanicolaou-stained specimens.
Neural Underpinnings of Learning in Dementia Populations: A Review of Motor Learning Studies Combined with Neuroimaging
Authors: Korte Jessica A. , Weakley Alyssa , Donjuan Fernandez Kareelynn , Joiner Wilsaan M. , Fan Audrey P.
Published: January 2024

The intent of this review article is to serve as an overview of current research regarding the neural characteristics of motor learning in Alzheimer disease (AD) as well as prodromal phases of AD: at-risk populations, and mild cognitive impairment. This review seeks to provide a cognitive framework to compare various motor tasks. We will highlight the neural characteristics related to cognitive domains that, through imaging, display functional or structural changes because of AD progression. In turn, this motivates the use of motor learning paradigms as possible screening techniques for AD and will build upon our current understanding of learning abilities in AD populations.
Redescription and revised genus placement of Oliarus pinicolus Osborn, 1926, with notes on Antillean Pentastirini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae)
Authors: HENDRIX SOLOMON V. , BARTLETT CHARLES R.
Published: January 2024

Oliarus pinicolus Osborn, 1926 is a little-known planthopper described from western Cuba on Cuban pine (Pinus cubensis). As part of a review of the sprawling New World cixiid genus Melanoliarus Fennah, 1945, the species is herein redescribed and illustrated for the first time, including the male terminalia. After comparison to similar species in the region, we transfer the species to Nivcentia Holzinger, 2004, as Nivcentia pinicolus comb. nov., based on characteristics of the male terminalia and provide an amended description of the genus. We also designate a lectotype for Oliarus pinicolus to ensure the stability of the species concept described here. A checklist of Antillean Pentastirini is included with taxonomic comments on the species and genera of the region. The pentastirine species of Cuba are illustrated.
Matching Newspeak with Urban Vernacular: More on the Language and Style of Stefan Wiechecki’s Post-War Feuilletons
Authors: Chernysh Tetyana O. , Yermolenko Serhiy S.
Published: January 2024

Matching Newspeak with Urban Vernacular: More on the Language and Style of Stefan Wiechecki’s Post-War Feuilletons
In this instalment of their series of publications on Stefan Wiechecki’s language and style, the authors study items of the Polish Newspeak referring to democracy as used in his post-war feuilletons. Considering such use as a case of linguistic-cultural code interference, they show how these items are adopted and transformed by the Warsaw urban dialect represented by the speech of Wiechecki’s characters, who reinterpret the propagandist and ideological senses of these items, either deconstructing their original euphemistic message or adapting it to their own needs.
Konfrontacja wiecha z nowomową: jeszcze raz o języku i stylu powojennych felietonów Stefana Wiecheckiego
W swojej nowej pracy o języku i stylu Stefana Wiecheckiego autorzy badają użycie jednostek polskiej nowomowy odnoszących się do demokracji w powojennych felietonach tego pisarza. Podchodząc do takiego użycia jako przypadku interferencji kodów językowo-kulturowych, pokazują, w jaki sposób te jednostki były ujmowane i przekształcane przez warszawską gwarę miejską bohaterów Wiecheckiego, którzy reinterpretują ideologiczno-propagandowe znaczenie tych jednostek, dekonstruując ich pierwotne eufemistyczne przesłanie albo dostosowując je do swoich własnych potrzeb.
Языковой ландшафт Закарпатской области как части Украины: понятие, проблемы и новые подходы
Authors: Шилов [Shylov] Володимир [Volodymyr]
Published: January 2024

The Linguistic Landscape of the Transcarpathian Region as Part of Ukraine: Concept, Problems and New Approaches
Transcarpathia (Zakarpattia) is one of the most interesting regions of Ukraine. It was part of at least six different states only in the twentieth century, and thus language priorities were subject to frequent changes. As a result, there are inscriptions in Ukrainian, Russian, Hungarian, English, Romanian, Czech and many other languages there today. This makes the linguistic landscape of Transcarpathia worth analysing. The concept of “linguistic landscape” is no longer new for Ukraine and for Transcarpathia in particular, which allows us to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of previous works on the topic. The article is illustrated with photographs taken by the author in the Transcarpathian region of Ukraine.
Krajobraz językowy Zakarpacia jako części Ukrainy: pojęcie, problemy, nowe podejścia
Zakarpacie to jeden z najbardziej interesujących regionów Ukrainy. Tylko w XX wieku znajdowało się w granicach sześciu różnych państw, co skutkowało częstymi zmianami priorytetów językowych w regionie. W rezultacie na terenie Zakarpacia można znaleźć napisy w języku ukraińskim, rosyjskim, węgierskim, angielskim, rumuńskim, czeskim oraz wielu innych. Dlatego uzasadnione jest przeprowadzenie analizy krajobrazu językowego tego regionu. Pojęcie „krajobrazu językowego” nie jest już nowe dla Ukrainy, a zwłaszcza dla Zakarpacia, co pozwala nam podkreślić zalety i wady wcześniejszych badań. Tekst został zilustrowany fotografiami wykonanymi przez autora artykułu na terenie obwodu zakarpackiego w Ukrainie.
Ancestral cites: Citation politics and canonical figures in Protestant communities
Authors: Halvorson Britt
Published: January 2024

This article puts Protestant Christian communal practices that identify canonical figures in conversation with academic efforts to decolonize canons. It examines the enigmatic life of Malagasy Lutheran pastor and anticolonial activist Eugene Rateaver (1884–1962). Rateaver was controversially excommunicated from the Lutheran mission church in Madagascar in 1937 after being found guilty of unethical conduct. However, competing stories of him circulate today among retired white American missionaries and Rateaver’s US-based descendants. I take Rateaver’s case as an entry point to closely examine what it means to “cite” or reclaim previously overlooked ancestors in canonical traditions or histories. Highlighting important differences in what ancestors are culturally can illuminate the potentials and limits for transforming canonical conversations in both academic and religious communities.
Price it High if it is Varied: Perceived Heterogeneity and the Effectiveness of Discount Framing Strategies for Travel Packages
Authors: Wei Xia , Yu Shubin , Li Xi
Published: January 2024

In recent years, consumers have been confronted with the proliferation of package bundling (i.e., marketing multiple products or services together in a single package at a discounted price) in the tourism industry. This paper aims to investigate how different discount framing strategies affect consumers’ purchase intention of a vacation package. Through four experimental studies, this paper reveals that the perceived heterogeneity of a component influences the effectiveness of different discount framing strategies. In particular, consumers prefer the vacation package in which the high-heterogeneity component is not discounted, while the low-heterogeneity component is discounted. The effect of perceived heterogeneity on purchase intention can be explained by the perceived quality of the component. Therefore, the effect is mitigated when quality assurance cues are present.
Development of a Scale to Measure Religiosity Anxiety in Puerto Rico
Authors: Álvarez-Alatorre Yazmín , González-Rivera Juan Aníbal , Pagán-Torres Orlando M.
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to develop an instrument to measure symptoms of religious anxiety considering its physical, behavioral, and cognitive manifestations, according to the DSM-5-TR. The final sample consisted of 302 adult residents of Puerto Rico with ages ranging from 21 to 73 years ( M = 42.74, SD = 12.80). Exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency analysis, and correlation analysis with other anxiety scales and spiritual struggles were performed. The factor analysis identified a two-dimensional structure: physical and cognitive manifestations of religiosity anxiety. The internal consistency of the scale was adequate (α = .95; ω = .95). It is concluded that the Religiosity Anxiety Scale has sufficient evidence of validity, and we propose it as a practical and helpful tool in Puerto Rican clinical and academic work. The practical implications and limitations of the findings are discussed.
Thermohydraulic performance parameter based experimental investigation of frustum shaped roughened solar air heater
Authors: Singh Dharam , Kumar Vikash
Published: January 2024

An outdoor experimental investigation was conducted to explore the thermohydraulic characteristic (Nusselt no. and friction factor) of artificial roughened solar air heater (ARSAH) having frustrum shaped roughened element on absorber plate. Data were recorded and further processed to generate Nusselt number and friction factor correlation to predict the effect of flow and roughness parameter on performance of ARSAH. The investigation was conducted by varying Reynolds number in range of 2500–12,500. Dimensionless parameter for Frustrum shaped roughness was relative frustum height (e/Dh) from 0.013 to 0.054, relative frustum pitch (p/e) from 8 to 14, Relative frustum height to base diameter (e/d1) from 0.37 to 0.75, relative frustum diametral ratio (d1/d2) from 1 to 3. Maximum performance for ARSAH was obtained corresponding to the optimum value of flow and geometric parameter. The geometric orientation of the proposed roughness geometry produced tremendous rise in Nu with an acceptable rise in friction (f). Maximum enhancement in Nu for varying p/e, e/Dh, e/d1, and d1/d2 was, 4.58, 5.21, 6.62 and 6.09 times and that of friction was 5.59, 4.69, 4.92 and 4.66 times respectively over conventional SAH. Maximum Thermohydraulic performance was 3.7, 3.6, 3.9 and 3.8 at p/e = 12, e/Dh = 0.054, e/d1 = 0.75 and d1/d2 = 3.
Non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control of permanent magnet synchronous motor for automatic guided vehicle based on disturbance compensation
Authors: Liu Wei , Yu Shuisheng , Wang Xiaowei , Zhou Tingyu
Published: January 2024

In the smart factory, the loading and unloading of goods by automatic guided vehicle in the driving state will cause speed fluctuations. To this problem, this article takes the permanent magnet synchronous motor of automatic guided vehicle as the research object and studies the motor speed control of automatic guided vehicle when the load changes. This article presents a non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motor based on disturbance feed-forward compensation. In order to solve the problem of chattering and slow reaching the speed of sliding mode control, this article designs an adaptive exponential reaching law, which can not only suppress sliding mode chattering but also adjust the reaching speed adaptively according to the system state. In order to solve the problem of external load disturbance, this article designs a sliding mode disturbance observer, which suppresses the influence of load disturbance on speed by compensating the observed values feed-forward into the current loop. Compared with proportional–integral and sliding mode control, the control strategy adopted in this article reduces the speed fluctuation by 3.12% and 2.00%, and the response time is reduced by 67.9% and 33.3%, respectively—finally, the load mutation experiments of automatic guided vehicle with permanent magnet synchronous motor as the driving motor is carried out. The experimental results further verify the effectiveness of the control strategy. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategy has better anti-interference ability and faster response speed.
Terrestrial cultural landscapes changed inshore marine ecosystems: Eight centuries of shellfish harvesting from the Kawela Mound site, Hawaiian Islands
Authors: Rogers Ashleigh J , Weisler Marshall I
Published: January 2024

Through unfamiliar and at times marginal environments, successful colonisation of the Pacific Islands relied upon the introduction of domesticated flora and fauna as well as widespread burning to reduce forests and lowland vegetation for agricultural production. These transformations led to the extinction of avifauna, the reduction of forests, and extensive slope erosion and sedimentation into valleys and along shorelines. To date, most attention has been paid to human-induced changes to the terrestrial landscape. In this paper we present the archaeomalacological results from the deeply stratified coastal Kawela Mound, one of the oldest habitation sites in the Hawaiian Islands, with occupation beginning during the 12th century AD. We describe how anthropogenic change of the terrestrial landscape caused sediment run-off, increased shoreline turbidity, and progradation of the adjacent shoreline altering marine habitats, which is recorded in the diversity, size, and habitat preference of food shellfish harvested over nearly eight centuries. The construction of ancient stone-walled fishponds along the littoral shore provided an artificial rocky habitat for shellfish otherwise uncommon along the sandy coast. Consequently, AMS dated layers containing these shellfish provide an indirect avenue for determining the chronology of stone-walled fishponds, the construction of which was directed under the aegis of elites and thus one of the hallmarks of increasing social complexity during the last two centuries before Contact in the late 18th century.
Network pharmacology and molecular docking to elucidate the common mechanism of hydroxychloroquine treatment in lupus nephritis and IgA nephropathy
Authors: Chen Yixuan , Lu Meiqi , Lin Mengshu , Gao Qing
Published: January 2024

Objective

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), characterized by a broad effect on immune regulation, has been widely used in the treatment of autoimmune glomerulonephritis such as lupus nephritis (LN) and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). The current research investigates whether HCQ plays a role in the treatment of LN and IgAN through common mechanisms since the pathogenesis of both LN and IgAN is closely related to immune complex deposition, complement activation, and ultimately inflammation.

Methods

Seventy-two common targets were obtained related to the common mechanism of HCQ treatment of LN and IgAN. Targets associated with LN and IgAN were collected based on DisGeNET, GeneCards, and OMIM databases. Possible HCQ targets were obtained from the PubChem database and PharmMapper databases. The overlapping targets of HCQ ingredients, IgAN, and LN were discovered via the Venn 2.1.0 online platform. Through the DAVID database, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted. Cytoscape (v3.9.1) was used to build a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Molecular docking was performed by using AutoDockTools 1.5.6 software and PyMol software to match the binding activity between HCQ and the 10 core targets.

Results

The results showed that core targets (including MMP 2, PPARG, IL-2, MAPK14, MMP 9, and SRC), three signaling pathways (including the PI3K-Akt, AGE-RAGE, and MAPK), and cell differentiation (including Th1, Th2, and Th17) might be related to the body’s immunity and inflammation. These results suggested that HCQ might act on targets and pathways involved in inflammation and immune regulation to exert a common effect on the treatment of LN and IgAN.

Conclusions

The current study provided new evidence for the protective mechanism and clinical utility of HCQ against LN and IgAN.
Psychometric Analysis of the Indian Version of the Patient Safety Culture Tool (I-HSOPSC 2.0) Validation
Authors: J. Aileen , K. Pushpanjali , Federico Frank , Joseph Lallu , Manjunath Usha
Published: January 2024

Patient safety, which is both an overarching principle and a key factor in determining the quality of healthcare, continues to be a priority in healthcare systems on a global scale. A cross-sectional study in accredited Indian hospitals aimed to evaluate the HSOPSC V-2 (Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture). 1,603 healthcare professionals participated, assessing psychometric features using confirmatory factor analysis in SMART PLS 4. The average composite positive response rate was 64.8%. High positive responses (79%) were seen in ‘teamwork’, ‘communication about error’, and ‘hospital management support for patient safety’. However, ‘staffing and work pace’ (30%), ‘response to error’ (50%), ‘communication openness’, and ‘reporting patient safety events’ (both 59%) had lower positive responses, indicating room for improvement. Findings suggest I-HOSPSC 2.0’s content validity, reliability, and construct validity in measuring patient safety culture in Indian hospitals. It can aid administrators in assessing safety culture and improving patient safety and treatment efficacy. Notably, this is the inaugural HSOPSC V-2 validation research in the Indian healthcare context. Future research should explore the tool’s psychometric properties based on care setting levels due to substantial differences between public and private healthcare setups in India.