bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perilaku Wanita Pekerja Seks dalam Pencegahan Infeksi Menular Seksual (Studi Kualitatif Pada Anak Asuh di Lokalisasi Gembol, Sukosari, Bawen, Kabupaten Semarang)
Authors: Prihani Ninik , Prabamurti Priyadi Nugraha , Riyanti Emmy
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Wanita Pekerja Seks (WPS) adalah wanita-wanita yang bekerja menjual atau menyewakan tubuhnya untuk kenikmatan orang lain dengan mengharapkan suatu imbalan atau upah. Di Kabupaten Semarang khususnya di lokalisasi Gembol Sukosari biasa disebut Anak Asuh. Mereka termasuk kelompok beresiko tinggi dalam penyebaran kasus IMS. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memahami perilaku seksual WPS dalam pencegahan IMS di Lokalisasi Gembol, Sukosari, Bowen, Kabupaten Semarang.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan subyek penelitian sebanyak 7 WPS di Lokalisasi Gembol yang memiliki kriteria tinggal menetap, sebagai peer educater (PE), mempunyai pasangan seksual, dan telah bekerja selama 1 tahun.Hasil: Sikap subyek terhadap upaya pencegahan IMS sudah baik, akan tetapi praktek WPS terhadap upaya pencegahan IMS masih kurang, mereka tidak 100% menggunakan alat pelindung (kondom) ketika melakukan aktifitas seksual.Simpulan: Pengetahuan subyek penelitian sudah cukup baik. Subyek penelitian dapat menjelaskan definisi, gejala, dan cara penularan IMS. Kata kunci: Perilaku Wanita Pekerja Seks, Infeksi Menular Seksual, Lokalisasi Gembol.  ABSTRACTTitle: Behaviour of Female Sex Workers in the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infection (Qualitative Studies of Foster Children in Lokalisasi Gembol, Sukosari, Semarang Regency  Background: Female Sex Workers (WPS) is the women who work to sell or rent her body for the enjoyment of others by expecting a reward or remuneration. Particularly localized in Semarang District Gembol Sukosari called Foster Children. They include high-risk groups in the spread of STI cases. The aim of this research is to understand the sexual behavior of WPS in the prevention of STI in the localization of GembolMethod: This research is a qualitative with the research subjects are 7 WPS that have characteristic are residence, as Peer Educater (PE), has a sexual partner, working as a sex worker for at least one year.Result: Subjects attitude towards STI preventionhas been good, but the practice of WPS STI prevention efforts are still lacking, they wasn’t use of condoms l00% as a preventive effort when they had a sexual activity.Conclusion: The knowledge of WPS was good enough. Research subjects can explain the definition, symptoms, and modes of transmission of STIs. Keywords: Behaviour of Female Sex Workers, Sexually Transmitted Infection, Lokalisasi Gembol
Determinan Perilaku Aman pada Pekerja Fabrikasi
Authors: Yusnandar Arga Sakti , Pertiwi Wiwik Eko
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Kasus kecelakaan kerja di Indonesia pada tahun 2015-2016 mengalami peningkatan dari total 13.131 kasus menjadi 17.184 kasus sedangkan di Propinsi Banten tercatat kenaikan kasus kecelakaan tiap tahunnya. Salah satu penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan kerja adalah perilaku kerja yang tidak aman, sehingga program Promosi Keselamatan Kerja diharapkan mampu menurunkan perilaku tidak aman dan meningkatkan perilaku aman pekerja. Perilaku aman merupakan tindakan dari seseorang atau beberapa orang karyawan yang tidak menyebabkan terjadinya kecelakaan atau insiden. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan perilaku aman (safe behavior) pada pekerja di salah satu Perusahaan Fabricators Serang, Banten, tahun 2017.Metode: Desain penelitian bersifat cross sectional dimana besar sampel berjumlah 94 responden diambil dengan metode simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data primer diperoleh dengan menggunakan alat ukur kuesioner melalui wawancara dengan pekerja.  Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebanyak 57 (60,6%) responden memiliki perilaku aman (safe behaviour) dan sebanyak 37 (39,4%) responden memiliki perilaku tidak aman. Dari hasil analisis bivariat menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara meeting harian (pv=0,027) dan peran pengawas/supervisor (pv=0,000) dengan perilaku aman. Tidak ada hubungan antara media promosi K3 dengan perilaku aman.Simpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meeting harian dan peran pengawas merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku aman pada pekerja. Kata kunci: Meeting harian, peran pengawas, perilaku aman, promosi K3 ABSTRACT Title: Determinants of Safe Behavior on Fabrication Workers Background: Work accident cases in Indonesia in 2015-2016 have increased from a total of 13,131 cases to 17,184 cases while in Banten Province there has been an increase in accident cases each year. One of the causes of work accidents is unsafe work behavior, so that the Work Safety Promotion program is expected to reduce unsafe behavior and increase workers' safe behavior. Safe behavior is an action of a person or several employees who do not cause accidents or incidents. This study aims to determine the determinants of safe behavior of workers in one of the Serang Fabricators Industry, Banten, 2017.Method: The study design is cross sectional in which a large sample of 94 respondents was taken by simple random sampling method. Primary data collection was obtained using a questionnaire measuring instrument through interviews with workers.Result: The results showed that 60.6% respondents had safe behavior and 39.4% had unsafe behavior. From the results of bivariate analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between daily meetings (pv = 0.027) and the  supervisors support (pv = 0,000) with safe behavior. There is no relationship between OHS promotion media with safe behavior.Conclusion: This study concludes that daily meetings and the supervisors support are factors that influence safe behavior in workers. Keywords: Daily meeting, supervisors support, safe behavior, OHS promotion
Komiksové trilogie o životě Romů a romské identitě (romipenu) – knihy s hybridními žánrovými znaky
Authors: Urbanová Svatava
Published: May 2020

K lepšímu porozumění romské mentalitě a romské kultuře mohou posloužit nejen příběhy o Romech (např. Děvčátko, rozdělej ohníček od Martina Šmause), tvorba romských autorů, psaná v češtině nebo romštině, vydávaná např. v nakladatelství KHER, ale také portréty romských postav. Dvě komiksové trilogie O přibjehi (2010) a Nejisté domovy (2016) zpracovávají řadu aktuálních společenských problémů, přitom podloží jsou sociologické průzkumné sondy a autentické narativy jednajících postav. Zpracování látky je zpřístupněno umělecky, navíc komiksově, v obrazovém narativu. U zrodu projektů stojí romistka Markéta Hajská a sociální antropoložka Máša Bořkovcová, které pro spolupráci získaly přední komiksové tvůrce (např. Vojtěcha Maška). Vzniklo postupně šest svazků s pozoruhodným obsahem, pojednávající o šesti osudech Romů odlišného generačního a sociálního původu. Zaujmou svou civilností, autenticitou, věcností, přitom vedou čtenáře k lepšímu pochopení romipenu (romské identity), vynikají odlišným výtvarným rukopisem a hybridností žánrových znaků.
Formy imienne przymiotników twardotematowych we współczesnym języku czeskim – analiza korpusowa
Authors: Hebal-Jezierska Milena
Published: May 2020

Celem artykułu jest analiza form krótkich przymiotników w języku czeskim w kontekście ich złożonych odpowiedników. Materiał badawczy został zebrany z równoważnego korpusu języka czeskiego SYN2015. Przymiotniki imienne znajdują się pod względem statystycznym na marginesie języka czeskiego. Występują w konkretnych konstrukcjach gramatycznych i leksykalnych. Zajmują zatem stałe miejsce w systemie czeszczyzny. Są stosowane w wypowiedziach literackich, nie tylko książkowych, jak wskazują na to gramatyki języka czeskiego, ale nieraz także w potocznym języku literackim (np. a hotovo). Przymiotniki imienne najczęściej pełnią funkcję orzecznika lub predykatywu, rzadziej okolicznika, przydawki niekongruentnej lub członu samodzielnego. Część przymiotników imiennych występuje w ustalonych połączeniach językowych (np. pokud možno, buď tak laskav, buď zdráv).
Phraseme and the motivationality of its meaning
Authors: Křivancová Michaela
Published: May 2020

While exploring the motivationality of Czech phraseological units, this article focuses undivided attention on ‘the motivation of word collocations’ induced by the relation between individual components and the phraseological whole, paying no regard to motivation inspired by phonetics, word formation, or semasiology/onomasiology. It is generally acknowledged that, in most cases, phraseological units are not directly and measurably motivated by their components. Our aim is to evidence that direct motivation can be traced in some phraseological groupings performing the denominating function and in phrasemes comprising a particular formal structure which will be described and supported by examples.
Na tropie czeskich i polskich ciekawostek kulinarnych
Authors: Szczepańska Elżbieta
Published: May 2020

Artykuł stanowi przegląd kilku polskich i czeskich nazw potraw, o których pochodzeniu nie zawsze możemy dowiedzieć się ze znanych nam i dostępnych słowników etymologicznych bądź opisowych. Chodzi zwłaszcza o potrawy o nazwach nieco mylących, takich jak np. czeski „španělský ptáček” lub polska „fasolka po bretońsku”. Żeby dowiedzieć się czegoś więcej na temat ich genezy, musimy sięgnąć do Internetu oraz Wikipedii. Opisane tutaj  dania stanowią niewielki procent wśród wielu starszych i nowych nazw kulinarnych przysmaków ignorowanych – niestety – przez leksykografów, mimo że są one znane i wykorzystywane bardzo często przez użytkowników języka czeskiego i polskiego.
Drogi myślenia w geografii społecznej
Authors: Kaczmarek Jacek
Published: May 2020

Geograf próbuje wyjaśnić relacje przestrzenne w przyrodzie i w środowisku społecznym. Z kolei geografię można określić jako „sztukę czytania przestrzeni”. Dla geografa środowisko geograficzne to książka, którą próbuje odczytać, poznać jej treść, znaczenia, symbole i relacje między obserwowanymi wydarzeniami. Aby odczytać przestrzeń, potrzebna jest intuicja, wykraczająca poza istniejące schematy, poczucie piękna i nieograniczona wyobraźnia, swoboda myślenia oraz wrażliwość na innych ludzi. Dlatego należy dążyć do przekraczania granic nauki i tym samym umożliwić odkrycie sensu ludzkiej egzystencji w społeczeństwie. Myślenie geograficzne jest kluczem do wyjaśnienia otaczającego świata (naturalnego i społecznego), a przez to zrozumienia miejsca zajmowanego przez człowieka na Ziemi. Tym samym myślenie geograficzne zmierza do poznania prawdy o człowieku, o istocie terytorialnej zanurzonej w rzece czasu
EVALUATION OF FOAM-MAT DRYING BEHAVIOUR OF CRAB APPLE (MALUS FLORIBUNDA) FRUIT JUICE AND POWDER QUALITY
Authors: ÇAKMAK Hülya
Published: May 2020

Malus floribunda (MF) is an ornamental plant and the fruits with its red flesh have potential to be used as natural food colorant. In this study, the effects of faba bean protein concentrate (FB) and maltodextrin (MD) levels on MF juice foam stability was evaluated. In addition, the effects of drying conditions (temperature/power) on drying kinetics and powder quality (powder flow properties, colour, and anthocyanin content) were determined. The foam stability was significantly dependent on the FB level (P <0.05), but MD addition didn’t have any significant effect (P >0.05). Drying period was reduced with foam-mat drying compared to control, and the average Carr index values were found between 17.3-26.0%, while the Hausner ratios were between 1.21-1.35. The redness and lightness values of foam-mat dried powders were comparably higher than the control and MD-added sample at every drying condition (P <0.05), although the anthocyanin content decreased with increasing drying temperatures.
Leptin decreases BC cell susceptibility to NK lysis via PGC1A pathway
Authors: Bouguerra Hichem , Amal Gorrab , Clavel Stephan , Boussen Hamouda , Louet Jean-François , Gati Asma
Published: May 2020

Large prospective studies established a link between obesity and breast cancer (BC) development. Yet, the mechanisms underlying this association are not fully understood. Among the diverse adipocytokine secreted by hypertrophic adipose tissue, leptin is emerging as a key candidate molecule linking obesity and cancer, since it promotes proliferation and invasiveness of tumors. However, the potential implication of leptin on tumor escape mechanisms remains unknown. This study aims to explore the effect of leptin on tumor resistance to NK lysis and the underlying mechanism. We found that leptin promotes both BC resistance to NK92-mediated lysis and β oxidation on MCF-7, by the up-regulation of a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor coactivator-1 α (PGC1A). Using adenoviral approaches, we show that acute elevation of PGC1A enhances the fatty acid oxidation pathway and decreases the susceptibility of BC cells to NK92-mediated lysis. Importantly, we identified the involvement of PGC1A and leptin in the regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1A) expression by tumor cells. We further demonstrate that basal BC cells MDA-MB-231 and BT-20 exhibit an increased PGC1A mRNA level and an enhanced oxidative phosphorylation activity; in comparison with luminal BC cells MCF7 and MDA-361, which are associated with more resistance NK92 lysis. Altogether, our results demonstrate for the first time how leptin could promote tumor resistance to immune attacks. Reagents blocking leptin or PGC1A activity might aid in developing new therapeutic strategies to limit tumor development in obese BC patients.
Regulation of type 3 deiodinase in rodent liver and adipose tissue during fasting
Authors: de Vries Emmely M , van Beeren Hermina C , van Wijk Albert C W A , Kalsbeek Andries , Romijn Johannes A , Fliers Eric , Boelen Anita
Published: May 2020

Fasting induces profound changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis and peripheral thyroid hormone (TH) metabolism, ultimately leading to lower serum thyroid hormone (TH) concentrations. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the regulation of type 3 deiodinase (D3) during fasting in two metabolic tissues: liver and white adipose tissue (WAT). To this end, we studied the effect of modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) on D3 expression in primary rat hepatocytes and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, we studied the role of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) on liver TH metabolism using primary hepatocytes and CAR-/- mice. Twenty-four-hour fasting increased liver Dio3 expression in mice. Inhibition of mTOR using mTOR inhibitors markedly induced Dio3 mRNA expression in primary hepatocytes; this increase was accompanied by a small increase in D3 activity. Stimulation of these cells with a CAR agonist induced both Dio3 mRNA expression and activity. Fasting increased hepatic D3 expression in WT but not in CAR-/- mice. In WAT, Dio3 mRNA expression increased five-fold after 48-h fasting. Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with mTOR inhibitors induced Dio3 mRNA expression, whereas stimulation of these cells with cobalt chloride, a compound that mimics hypoxia and stabilizes HIF1α, did not induce Dio3 mRNA expression. In conclusion, our results indicate an important role of mTOR in the upregulation of D3 in WAT and liver during fasting. Furthermore, CAR plays a role in the fasting induced D3 increase in the liver.
A Previously Healthy Adolescent With Acute Psychosis and Severe Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Rosenblatt Tatiana , Ort Katherine , Shaw Richard , Levy Rebecca J. , Chen Chen , Niemi Angela , Hoang Kim
Published: May 2020

A previously healthy 15-year-old boy presented with 3 months of progressive psychosis, insomnia, back and groin pain, and hyperhidrosis. On examination, the patient was disheveled, agitated, and soaked with sweat, with systolic blood pressure in the 160s and heart rate in the 130s. Aside from occasional auditory and visual hallucinations, his neurologic examination was normal. The patient was admitted for an extensive workup, including MRI of the brain and spine and lumbar puncture, which were normal. Through collaboration with various pediatric specialists, including psychiatry and neurology, a rare diagnosis was ultimately unveiled.
Feminist refusal meets enmity
Authors: Borba Rodrigo , Hall Kira , Hiramoto Mie
Published: May 2020

Editorial. Social media has facilitated the rise of a new transnational feminism that refuses to accept silence surrounding violence against women. Often associated with the #MeToo movement, this form of feminist refusal continues to evolve as small-scale grassroots movements are transformed into global icons through the internet’s participatory power.
A INTEGRAÇÃO CURRICULAR NO CURSO TÉCNICO EM ELETRÔNICA DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO MARANHÃO, CAMPUS ALCÂNTARA
Authors: Pedroni Sonia , Roque Fernandes Natal Lânia
Published: May 2020

O objetivo do presente texto foi refletir sobre a integração curricular nos cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio, ofertados pelo IFMA, Campus Alcântara, com base na perspectiva da formação integral. A metodologia utilizada foi análise documental, tendo como fontes documentos legais que orientam a oferta de cursos da Educação Profissional Técnica de nível médio e a Proposta Curricular do Curso Técnico em Eletrônica, do Campus Alcântara. Constatou-se que a proposta curricular explicita a opção pelo currículo integrado e tem uma organização disciplinar que integra os componentes curriculares de formação geral e específica. Embora apresente alguns aspectos contraditórios, pode-se considerar a proposta como importante “travessia” para a formação integral dos trabalhadores.
Learning through Osmosis: A global Wikipedia editing course for medical students
Authors: Guven Tolga , Geraci Carolyn , Green Jason , Neist Johnathon , Gopalakrishnan Monica , Bhatt Puja , Cupino Tanya , Azzam Amin
Published: May 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Problem: Wikipedia is a ubiquitous source of information for patients, medical students and junior doctors alike. This is despite medical educators discouraging students from Wikipedia as a source of medical information. Intervention: To address this disconnect, Osmosis' Director of Open Learning Initiatives created a novel Wikipedia-editing course structured to leverage the global network of Osmosis-subscribing students. The course was entirely video-conference based and lasted 4 weeks in July 2019. Students typically worked on an article by themselves though one article was selected by two students. Towards the end of the course, each student peer-reviewed another student's edited article. Outcomes:Twelve medical students, from 11 different medical schools across 3 different continents, enrolled in the course and 11 articles were assigned. A total of 8,775 words and 119 higher quality references were added whilst 35 lower-quality references were removed. An exit survey showed students had increased confidence in their ability to contribute to Wikipedia. Students also enjoyed collaborating with a global diversity of peers. Lessons Learned: Numerous students wished that the course had a longer duration. A couple students recommended more groupwork to be incorporated into the course. The global nature of the course meant that time zones proved a challenge to scheduling. Conclusion:Decentralized courses can leverage the large user bases of medical education companies, such as Osmosis, to teach students analytical approaches to online resources as well as improve the quality of publicly available health information on Wikipedia.
A role of oropharyngeal microbiota in developing acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract
Authors: Ababii I. I. , Danilov L. A. , Maniuc M. K. , Ababii P. I. , Ghinda S. S. , Trofimciuc M. G. , Kostinov M. P. , Poddubikov A. V.
Published: May 2020

Currently, a rise in incidence of polyethological inflammation of the upper respiratory tract mucosa paralleled by altered resident and transient microbiota displaying in many cases increased antibiotic resistance has been noted. Opportunistic microbes play a major role in developing inflammatory process in Pirogov–Waldeyer’s ring. An inflammatory process occurring in the tonsillar lymphatic tissue results in host systemic complications. Fighting against acute and chronic infections of the upper respiratory tract holds the main task in pediatric otorhinolaryngology, as they can consequently elicit the cardiovascular, genitourinary and musculoskeletal complications. The results of studies examining this issue remain very contradictory, which accounted for a need to conduct our study on the territory of Moldova featured with mixed climatic conditions. Here, we wanted to study a role of microbial factor in etiopathogenesis of chronic tonsillitis in children. Bacteriological microbiota data for superficial palatine tonsils were obtained form 608 children subdivided into 5 groups: group I — 333 children with compensated chronic tonsillitis; group II — 87 children with decompensated chronic tonsillitis; group III — 91 children with acute upper respiratory tract infections (comparison group); group IV — 48 children with acute upper respiratory tract infections treated with antibiotic therapy; group V — 49 apparently healthy children (control group). It was found that β-hemolytic streptococcus exerting high sensitivity to virtually all antibiotics groups was detected in 17.4% of children with acute tonsilar inflammatory processes and decompensated defense in the lymphatic pharyngeal ring compared to 3.5% in control group. Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated in all study groups ranging within 4.8–21.7%, including 14% in apparently healthy children characterized by reduced antibiotics sensitivity. The data obtained suggest that sickly children with acute and chronic upper respiratory tract infections constitute a risk group for developing somatic diseases. The high incidence of Streptococcus pneumoniae indicates a need for performing immunoprophylaxis, use of therapeutic vaccination as a up-to-date, combined approach in treatment of such pediatric cohort.
Neuropeptide system parameters in acute herpes zoster
Authors: Knysh S. V. , Markelova E. V. , Simakova A. I. , Karaulov A. V.
Published: May 2020

The neuropeptides comprise an important part in the nervous system interacting with endocrine and immune systems. Peptide regulators are responsible for the continuity of communicating elements, which support homeostasis, however, despite abundant research examining neuropeptides, not all specific mechanisms and features of interacting proteins with cells and immune components have been uncovered. Objective: to perform a comprehensive assessment of neuropeptide system in patients with herpes zoster. Materials and methods: 106 in-hospital patients were examined diagnosed with herpes zoster within 2016–2019 period. Control group consisted of 30 healthy age- and sex-matched volunteers. Blood serum was collected after verifying diagnosis on day 1. After discharge, patients were monitored for signs of pain syndrome and overall state within 3 months. It allowed to divide patients into 3 groups retrospectively. Group 1 — patients with herpes zoster, accompanied by mild or moderate pain syndrome; group 2 — patients with herpes zoster, accompanied by severe pain; group 3 — patients with herpes zoster, complicated by postherpetic neuralgia. Level of serum protein s100B, myelin basic protein, nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neuron specific enolase was measured by using specific reagents purchased from “RD Diagnostics Inc.” (США). Results. it was found that level of serum protein S100B in all groups was significantly increased compared to control group, showing no inter-group differences. Amount of myelin basic protein in all study groups vs. control was significantly higher. Moreover, level of these parameters in group 2 vs. group 1 and 3 was significantly elevated. In addition, level of nerve growth factor was significantly increased in group 1 vs. groups 2 and 3, whereas in group 3 it was significantly lower than in control and group 2. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor was significantly decreased in all the study groups compared to control, showing no significant intergroup differences. Level of neuron-specific enolase was significantly increased in group 3 vs. control as well as group 1 and 2. The data obtained allowed to identify two parameters for assessing a risk of postherpetic neuralgia in acute herpes zoster, as well as provided deeper insights into the pathogenesis of neuroimmune disorders accompanying herpes zoster.
STABILITY OF FREIGHT CARS UNDER THE ACTION OF COMPRESSIVE LONGITUDINAL FORCES
Authors: A. O. Shvets
Published: May 2020

Purpose. The aim of the work is: a theoretical study of the car movement stability when exposed to longitudinal forces of a quasistatic nature; determination of analytical for estimating the longitudinal loading of cars in trains; the influence analysis of simultaneous action of certain factors on the value of longitudinal forces, at which the car movement stability is still preserved. Methodology. Assessment of the freight car stability when moving at different speeds along curved track sections was investigated using the analytical method. The most unfavorable schemes for applying compressive longitudinal forces in a vertical and horizontal plane are considered. Findings. Expressions are obtained for calculating the value of the car lift resistance coefficient by the longitudinal compressive force acting on the car as part of a freight train. The calculations were carried out in an empty and loaded state with a transverse run-up of the car body frame relative to the track axis in a guiding section of 50 mm in a curve of small radius taking into account the inertia forces from the unbalanced acceleration. Originality. In a theoretical study, the effect on the movement stability of quasistatic longitudinal compressive forces depending on the change in speed and the force value, as well as the effect of friction forces at the contact point of the wheel flange and rail and the eccentricity of fastening the tail of the automatic coupler, are considered. The influence of longitudinal compressive forces on the stability of freight rolling stock when moving in a curve of small radius with speeds up to a design value of 120 km/h is investigated. Practical value. The application of the results obtained by the above method will help to increase the stability of the freight rolling stock, which in turn will allow increasing the technical speed of train movement by removing some existing limits of permissible speeds. Using the described methodology for determining the car lift resistance coefficient will allow justifying the cause of wheel derailment, as well as to develop and put into practice the technical measures to prevent the lift of carriages, thrusts and shears of the track.
KINEMATIC SYNTHESIS OF THE GUIDE BEARING CENTRAL SLIDE-CRANK MECHANISM OF THE GRIPPING DEVICE BASED ON THE ENERGETIC MOTION TRANSMISSION INDEX
Authors: R. P. Pogrebnyak  , M. R. Pohrebniak
Published: May 2020

Purpose. The main objective of the work is to perform a kinematic analysis and synthesis of the known schemes of guide bearing central slide-crank mechanisms by the criterion of the energy index of motion transmission with the restriction by the allowable pressure angles in the sliding pairs and the smallest deviation of the trajectory from straightness in the approximation area. The article is also aimed to determine the scheme that best suits the synthesis conditions and to propose the gripping device mechanism on its basis. Methodology. This purpose is achieved by means of analytical kinematics of flat mechanisms of the mechanism and machine theory and mathematical modeling of the positions and movement of links. Findings. The design of mechanisms with different gripping devices providing a constant clamping force of objects of various thicknesses with a constant drive power and minimal energy costs can be performed by the criterion energetic motion transfer index (EMTI). On its basis the analysis of the known straight-guiding central crank-slider mechanisms with an extended connecting rod is carried out according to the criterion of the smallest deviation from the EMTI unit. It was found that the practical use of main part of these mechanisms according to this criterion is extremely limited or impossible. Using optimized synthesis of kinematic equations, it was obtained the only values of the relative parameters and the rotation ranges of the driving crank for the guide bearing central slide-crank mechanisms with an extended connecting rod that best meet the optimization criterion and satisfy the restrictions for pressure angles. Based on the optimal parameters of the guide bearing central slide-crank mechanism a paired parallelogram eleven-link mechanism is proposed that provides the rectilinear movement of the gripping elements with a constant speed and constant clamping force which is equal to the nominal driving force of the drive. Originality. For the first time, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the known schemes of the guide bearing central slide-crank mechanisms according to the criterion of the energetic motion transfer index was carried out and the optimal synthesis of the gripping device according to the results of the analysis was performed. Practical value. Practical recommendations are suggested for choosing a scheme, relative sizes and arrangement of links of the guide bearing central slide-crank mechanism of the gripping mechanism that corresponds to the requirements of the optimization criterion and restriction by the allowable pressure angles.
RESEARCH OF DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS OF STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS DURING FRICTION STIR WELDING OF MULTIPHASE ALUMINUM ALLOY
Authors: S. O. Plitchenko  , М. М. Grischenko
Published: May 2020

Purpose. We aim to investigate the development conditions of structural transformations during friction stir welding (FSW); establish the nature of individual influence of structural components in achieving superplastic flow conditions; determine the influence nature of grain size on the groundmass microhardness during FSW. Methodology. Friction stir welding was performed on specially designed equipment. The material was 2.9 mm thick AMg6 aluminum alloy plates with the chemical content of alloying elements within the grade composition. The temperature and pressure from the tool on the edges during welding were determined on a specially designed stand. The tool pressing force to the metal was measured with a dynamometer type DC-0.1. Microhardness measured on the PMT-3 device with the indentation load of 0.05 N was taken as a characteristic of alloy microvolumes strength. Findings. Different degrees of rotation of the working tool and normal pressure to the edges determined the degree of metal heating and the quality of the seam formation. The influence degree of the technological parameters of the FSW on the metal heating temperature in the area of the working tool shoulder is estimated. The development of recrystallization processes in the conditions of two-phase alloys is considered. It has been shown that collective recrystallization is less determined by the volume fraction of the second phase, its dispersity and ability to interact with the metal matrix. The effect of the temperature gradient on the microhardness for the structures of the heat-affected zone is estimated under conditions of a practically unchanged grain morphology. Originality. The conditions for the development of structural transformations during friction stir welding and the influence mechanism of grain size on the matrix microhardness are determined. Exceeding the optimum temperature in the joint area during welding contributes to the diffusion accelerating along the boundaries between phases and grains, resulting in the formation of a concentration gradient of alloying elements and, first of all Mg, increasing the hardening effect of the solid solution state. Practical value. According to the results, the additive character of the hardening from the influence of the solid solution and grain boundaries under the conditions of superplastic flow is determined. A state close to the superplastic flow is achieved by reducing the effect of hardening the solid solution and increasing the contribution from the small grains boundaries. Achieving a state of superplastic deformation is possible by minimizing the effect of strain hardening.
ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY OF COMFORT LEVEL OF PASSENGER COMPARTMENT SLEEPING CARS
Authors: S. Voytkiv
Published: May 2020

Purpose. The work is aimed to develop the method of objective assessment of passenger transportation comfort and use convenience of passenger sleeping car of locomotive traction or train sets. Indeed, modern compartment sleeping cars of various models of European and other manufacturers are distinguished by many dimensional parameters, the capacity and equipment of passenger compartments and service accommodations, the presence of shower in the restrooms, etc. They provide passengers with proper level of use convenience and a different level of transportation comfort. When designing new perspective and competitive sleeping cars it is also expedient to have such a methodology for the development of their layout diagrams and designing and for the optimum choice of one or another size parameters of cars and, in particular case, passenger compartments. Methodology. Based on the analysis of the layout diagrams and designing of existing compartment sleeping cars of various European manufacturers, their dimensional parameters and equipment, dimensions and equipment of passenger compartments, criteria for comfort evaluating of compartment sleeping cars of three groups – dimensional parameters, capacity and equipment are determined. Findings. Several indicators of the convenience and comfort of passenger and service rooms of compartment sleeping cars and formulas for their calculation are proposed. An expression for determining a generalized indicator of the comfort of compartment sleeping cars and the convenience of using them is also proposed. Originality. For the first time a method of objective assessment of the comfort of passenger compartment sleeping cars and the convenience of using them by passengers is proposed. Practical value. The proposed indicators for evaluating the comfort of passenger compartment sleeping cars and formulas for their calculation can be used at the stages of development and selection of draft offers or outline designs of new promising competitive cars in order to ensure their maximum convenience and comfort. The methodology may also be useful for evaluating tenders for the purchase of compartment sleeping cars.
FOLKSONOMIES, HASHTAGS, AND FEMINIST CAMPAIGNS ON THE INTERNET: HOW #MEUAMIGOSECRETO, #BELARECATADAEDOLAR AND #MEUPRIMEIROASSÉDIO LED US TO #ELENÃO
Authors: Siqueira Elis Nazar Nunes
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Based on the contemporaneous context of authorship and participation on the internet and the theories about folksonomies, this paper aims to discuss the uses and circulation of four significant hashtags for the Brazilian feminist movement: #meuprimeiroassédio (#myfirstharassment), #meuamigosecreto (#mysecretfriend), #belarecatadaedolar (#restrainedbeautifulhousewife), all of them disseminated in 2015 and 2016, and #elenão (#nothim), in 2018. Through quantitative and qualitative-interpretative analysis based on responses to a questionnaire and on a sample of shared posts on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, it was possible to understand how a group of women feels about the use of hashtags in feminist campaigns, what are the specific characteristics of each of these hashtags, regarding language of the indexed contents and the virtual environments in which they circulate, and how the experience and the repercussion of the campaigns of 2015 and 2016 were important for the 2018 campaign.
LEARNING FROM THE SUBALTERN: WHAT DOES MARIA LINDALVA TEACH US ABOUT HEGEMONIC-COMMON-SENSE-IDEOLOGY AND TEXT SELECTION FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING MATERIALS?
Authors: Mulico Lesliê Vieira
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT In the scope of vocational critical language teaching materials, designing lessons that meet professional requirements at public technical high schools committed with the agenda of critical education for citizenship is something that deserves attention. If, on the one hand, the Critical Literacy framework substantiates practices that engage us with social changes (LUKE; FREEBODY, 1997), promote opportunities for developing critical views over dominant ideologies, cultures, economies, institutions and political systems (TILIO, 2013, 2017), and examine our loci of enunciation in order that we unlearn our privileges and learn from the subaltern (ANDREOTTI, 2007); on the other, the lesson materials available for technical high-school courses seem not to take these premises into account, especially the latter. In order to bridge this gap, I designed a lesson unit (Society Matters?), aimed at technical high-school 3rd graders, wherein Maria Lindalva’s autobiography, a subaltern ex-landless activist, creates opportunities for discussions over the ideals of work, effort and success that challenge hegemonic-common-sense ideology. Resorting to constructivist bricolage (DENZIN; LINCOLN, 2005) involving her video-autobiography, the language teaching unit, the memories of my pedagogic encounters with learners from 2015 to 2018, and two different lines of interpretation that were recurrently raised throughout, I examined to what extent the interpretations over Maria Lindalva’s narrative reflect and refract neoliberal capitalist ideologies, thus contributing to developing critical posture, as well as to the selection of texts for critical language teaching materials. The results showed the analysis that validates Maria Lindalva’s achievements may be confronted by the viewpoint of her relationship with scarcity (SANTOS, 2017), which favored learners’ developing critical posture; and, finally, that it was possible to take her narrative a step further showing what Maria Lindalva teaches us about selecting texts for critical language teaching materials.
LITERACY WITHOUT BORDERS: THE FINE-GRAINED MINUTIAE OF SOCIAL INTERACTION THAT DO MATTER (ALSO IN PROMOTING HEALTH LITERACY)
Authors: Ostermann Ana Cristina , Frezza Minéia , Perobelli Roberto
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT This paper explores the fine-grained interactional minutiae involved in promoting health literacy in medical interactions. More specifically, it explores the multimodal interactional resources (verbal and nonverbal) that health professionals and lay participants mobilize in order to make sense of fetal ultrasound images. We adopt the ethnomethodological perspective of Multimodal Conversation Analysis (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974; GOODWIN, 1981; 2010; MONDADA, 2018) to investigate 10 audio and video interactions that were recorded during fetal ultrasound exams that took place at a moderate and high-risk pregnancy ward in a public hospital in Brazil. Our aim is to ‘make visible’ the multimodal ethnomethods that interactants employ in order to render ultrasound images intelligible ‘texts’. Among the various semiotic resources mobilized to achieve intersubjectivity in this complex setting, special focus is given to the healthcare professionals’ use of similes, and the fundamental importance of the temporality in which verbal and nonverbal resources are mobilized in the process of making images intelligible. In that sense, we hope to bring to this special thematic issue the methodological advantages that a Multimodal Conversation Analytic perspective can afford to the discussion about multiliteracies and, in practical terms, to the advancement of health literacy. In medical contexts, health literacy can (and perhaps should!) be a concern ‘at all points.’ There might be no ‘borders’ to what constitutes a health literacy source or resource. Our claims, thus, are the following: (i) ultrasound images do constitute materials to be ‘read’ and understood - also by lay participants; (ii) healthcare professionals can (and perhaps should) promote health literacy among patients by employing efforts to make images ‘readable’; and, finally, (iii) social interaction is one of the constitutive loci for the promotion of multiliteracy events.
LITERACIES AMONG YOUTH FROM CAMPO (RURAL) COMMUNITIES: WHAT IS REVEALED DURING VIDEO PRODUCTION
Authors: Machado Maria Zélia Versiani , Carvalho Gilcinei Teodoro , Novais Carlos Augusto , Rodrigues Ana Paula da Silva
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT This article presents the results of the research study, “Literacies in rural communities: social practices of reading and writing in school and non-school situations”, conducted from 2015 to 2017. This study investigated how forms of sociability and communicative circuits in the daily lives of the rural youth constitute social practices of reading and writing. Initially, the use of the word “literacies” in the plural is justified. The context for this research is the Araçuaí Family Agroecological School in Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Analyses are based in the New Literacy Studies (STREET, 2014) and the methodology assumes a qualitative approach from an ethnographic perspective (HEATH; STREET, 2008) in which students collaborated in the production of videos with themes related to their communities. Video production was adopted as a methodological strategy to achieve literacies involved in the collective actions of the process. The results show that the use/non-use of digital technologies does not stand as a factor of differentiation between rural youth and urban youth, definitively breaking with the idea that rural communities are social spaces that lack literacy practices or that are disconnected from the virtual world, which shows that schools should broaden their concepts of literacy, not only by pluralizing practices, but mainly by incorporating them as a constitutive element of their teaching and learning project.
MULTILITERACIES AND LANGUAGE IDEOLOGIES IN CONTEMPORARY FANFIC LITERACY PRACTICES
Authors: Martins Patrícia de Souza
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Using the lens of Street (1984; [1995]2014; 2003; 2010; 2012), this article firstly aims at discussing the contemporary literacy practices young readers and writers of fanfics engage in when inserted in the affinity spaces of fan literature. This discussion is based on the concept of ideological literacy proposed by the author and dialogues with the concept of multiliteracies, outlined by the New London Group (CAZDEN; COPE et al, 1996) and expanded by several authors such as Cope; Kalantzis (2000), Gee (2000), Rojo (2012) and Kleiman; Sito (2016), among others. These contemporary literacy practices, understood, therefore, as the social use of language, were studied from an ethnographic perspective (HEATH; STREET, 2008). Data was generated from the field observation on two fanfic self-publishing platforms and from literacy events occurring in rounds of conversation, within the scope of the Junior Scientific Initiation Project. (PICJr-049), promoted by a traditional federal institution of basic education in Rio de Janeiro. The social models of literacy used by participants in literacy events (HEATH, 1982; STREET, 2012) signals that designs are (re)shaped according to the interactional context of these participants. This article also proposes a reflection on the language ideologies underlying the discourse of the students participating in the PICJr-049. This analysis is oriented by Volóchinov’s concept of ideology ([1929]2017) and the notion of language ideology, as discussed in the studies by Woolard (1998) and Kroskrity (2004). In the analysis, it was observed that the students reinforce language ideologies anchored in the legitimation of the educated norm of the Portuguese language and in the privilege of literary canons in school literacy practices.
RESEARCHER-TEACHER COLLABORATION IN ADOPTING CRITICAL CONTENT AND LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING (CLIL): PROCESSES, CHALLENGES AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Gupta Kao Chia-Ling
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT While the growing trend of internationalisation and globalisation has been addressed by policymakers and the interest in adopting the CLIL approach has increased, calls have been made for uncovering how teachers can develop ways of designing and implementing corresponding materials and engage students in such an approach. This is a collaborative study that explores in details, based on the Interactional Ethnographic approach, the processes of how the researcher and the teacher worked together in an egalitarian setting to design and carry out a CLIL unit. Throughout this five-month research involved with multiple stages of development of resources, with an English teacher and sixteen of her Grade 4 students, I have made visible the multiple forms of our collaboration and the important issues for consideration with implications in closing the gap between research and practice, and between design and implementation. Finally, I conclude that the researcher-teacher collaborative approach laid out by event maps could be an innovative way to re-examine and reflect upon the dynamics between the researcher and the researched by acknowledging and fortifying the bond between the two.
WHAT NO “RUG TIME” SHARING MEANS: REVISIONING CHILDREN’S OPPORTUNITY TO ENACT LITERATE IDENTITIES THROUGH THE LENS OF POSITIONING THEORY
Authors: Harris Pauline
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT This paper provides a telling case account of how a child called Charlie was positioned and (re)positioned himself within and across different situational types of classroom literacy encounters in his first-grade classroom. This telling case is based on a re-analysis of an originating study conducted by the author (HARRIS, 1989); and is founded on a history of research based on revisioning archived data records as new theories develop. Providing a profile of different ways in which a child positions self and is positioned by the teacher, the system and peers, this telling case presents a research approach for understanding positioning processes and their consequences for children as they develop literacy processes and identities. To make transparent how the telling case study led to new theoretical insights, this paper makes visible multiple levels of analytic scale and angles of analysis of positioning (ANDERSON, 2009) that were undertaken to make visible the dynamic nature of positioning as understood through Positioning Theory (HARRÉ & LANGENHOVE, 1999; HARRÉ, 2012). This telling case study, therefore, builds a foundation for developing theoretical understandings of the fluid and dynamic nature of positioning in classrooms, and influences of positioning on children’s opportunities to enact and demonstrate their literate identities and capabilities.