bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soluble IL-2R as a predictor of familial breast cancer
Authors: Gonda Kenji , Horita Shoichiro , Maejima Yuko , Takenoshita Seiichi , Shimomura Kenju
Published: October 2019

Background: The incidence of breast cancer has been increasing annually, and breast cancer-related diseases, such as breast cancer in the young, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and pancreatic cancer, have clearly and steadily increased in number and have become common among the family members of patients with breast cancer. Accordingly, an increase in the incidence of familial breast cancer (FBC) is anticipated in the future. Interleukin (IL)-2 is one of the cytokines that activate CTLs, which are important for cancer immunity. To search for the markers of increased risk for FBC, we examined the sIL-2R levels and immunologic factors in patients with breast cancer and nonfamilial breast cancer (NFBC). Methods: Of the 106 untreated breast cancer patients who gave consent to participate in this study, 24 had FBC and 82 had NFBC. There were 11 healthy individuals included in this study. Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from all patients for the measurement of the levels of sIL-2R, IL-10, VEGF, IL-17, Tregs, and MDSC. Prognosis was assessed and compared, according to the sIL-2R levels (low vs. high). Tissue samples from postoperative patients with high sIL2 were stained with PD-LI and CD8. Results: The sIL-2R level was significantly higher and had significantly better correlations with IL-10, VEGF, IL-17, Tregs, and MDSC levels in FBC than in NFBC. In cases with high sIL-2R level, the Tregs and MDSC levels were significantly higher and the OS and DFS rates were significantly worse in FBC than in NFBC. Among the FBC cases with high sIL-2R level, triple-negative breast cancer tissues stained well for PD-LI and CD8. Conclusions: Compared with NFBC, FBC was associated with higher sIL-2R levels, Th2 significance, and less aggressive cancer immunosuppressive cells. We have identified sIL-2R as a biomarker that can predict the prognosis of FBC. The ability to prospectively identify patients who are less likely to have NFBC is a vital step in improving the overall survival of this population.
Clinical utility of three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging using a zero-echo-time sequence in endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery
Authors: Inoue Akihiro , Kohno Shohei , Nishida Naoya , Suehiro Satoshi , Matsumoto Shirabe , Nishikawa Masahiro , Ozaki Saya , Nakamura Yawara , Shigekawa Seiji , Watanabe Hideaki , Senba Hidenori , Matsuura Bunzo , Kunieda Takeharu
Published: October 2019

Background: Recognizing the anatomical orientation surrounding the sellar floor is crucial in endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS). Zero-echo-time (ZTE) sequences were recently suggested for a new bone identification technique on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of three-dimensional (3D)-ZTE-based MRI models in providing anatomical guidance for ETSS.Methods: ZTE-based MRI and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) data from 15 consecutive patients with pituitary tumor treated between September 2018 and May 2019 were used to create 3D-MRI models. From these, the architecture surrounding the sellar floor, particularly anatomical relationships between tumors and internal carotid arteries (ICAs), was visualized to preoperatively plan surgical procedures. In addition, 3D-ZTE-based MRI models were compared to actual surgical views during ETSS to evaluate model applicability.Results: These 3D-ZTE-based MRI models clearly demonstrated the morphology of the sellar floor and matched well with intraoperative views, including pituitary tumor, by successively eliminating sphenoidal structures. The models also permitted determination of the maximum marginal line of the opening of the sellar floor by presenting vital structures such as ICAs and tumors. With such 3D-MRI models, the surgeon could access the intracranial area through the sellar floor more safely, and resect the pituitary tumor maximally without complications. Conclusions: Our 3D-MRI models based on ZTE sequences allowed distinct visualization of vital structures and pituitary tumor around the sellar floor. This new method using 3D-ZTE-based MRI models showed low invasiveness for patients and was useful in preoperative planning for ETSS, facilitating maximum tumor resection without complications.
New insights from genome-wide association analysis using imputed whole-genome sequence: the genetic mechanisms underlying residual feed intake in chickens
Authors: Ye Shaopan , Chen Zitao , Zheng Rongrong , Diao Shuqi , Teng Jinyan , Yuan Xiaolong , Zhang Hao , Chen Zanmou , Zhang Xiquan , Li Jiaqi , Zhang Zhe
Published: October 2019

Background: Poultry feed occupies the largest cost of poultry production, which is estimated up to 70%. Moreover, it is pressure on the agricultural industry to reduce emissions and improve its environmental footprint, simultaneously increasing output to meet the growing demand for protein worldwide. Therefore, improving feed efficiency (FE) play an important role to improve profits and their environmental footprint in broiler production. In this study, using imputed whole genome sequencing (WGS) data, genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) was performed to identify SNPs and genes associated with residual feed intake (RFI) and its component traits. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis between high- and low-RFI groups was performed to validate candidate genes from GWAS.
Results: Results showed that heritability estimates of average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) , and RFI were 0.29 (0.004), 0.37 (0.005), and 0.38 (0.004), respectively. Using imputed sequence-based GWAS, we identified seven significant SNPs and five candidate genes ( MTSS I-BAR domain containing 1, MTSS1; folliculin, FLCN; COP9 signalosome subunit 3, COPS3; 5',3'-nucleotidase, mitochondrial, NT5M; and gametocyte specific factor 1, GTSF1) associated with RFI, twenty significant SNPs and one candidate gene ( inositol polyphosphate multikinase, IPMK ) associated with ADG, and one significant SNP and one candidate gene ( coatomer protein complex subunit alpha, COPA ) associated with ADFI. After performing transcriptomic analysis between high- and low-RFI groups, both 38 up-regulated and 26 down-regulated genes were identified in high-RFI group. Furthermore, integrating regional conditional GWAS and transcriptome analysis, ras related dexamethasone induced 1 (RASD1) was the only one overlapped gene associated with RFI, which also suggested that the region (GGA14: 4767015 -4882318) is a new quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with RFI.
Conclusions: In conclusions, using imputed sequence-based GWAS is an efficient method to identify significant SNPs and candidate genes in chicken. Our results provide valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms of RFI and component traits, which would further improve the genetic gain of feed efficiency rapidly and cost-effectively in the context of marker-assisted breeding selection.
Keywords: Whole genome sequence, GWAS, transcriptome analysis, feed efficiency, chickens.
Long-read sequencing of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’ transcriptome reveals flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation
Authors: Wang Tao , Yang Feng , Guo Qiaosheng , Zou Qingjun , Zhang Wenyan , Zuo Lin
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background : The capitulum of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’ has been widely used in China for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Flavonoids as one of the bioactive components in C . morifolium have a poor understanding in their biosynthesis and regulation. Nowadays, transcriptome sequencing as an effective method was used in capturing the transcripts information. So, single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing was performed to obtain the full length of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation in C . morifolium .
Results : The high-quality RNA was extracted from the capitulum of C . morifolium at different development stages, and it was constructed into two libraries (0-5 kb and 4.5-10 kb) for sequencing. Finally, 125,532 non-redundant isoforms with mean length of 2,009 bp were captured. Of which, 2,083 transcripts were annotated in the pathway related to the flavonoid biosynthesis and 56 isoforms were annotated as CHS , CHI , F3H , F3’H , FNS Ⅱ , FLS , DFR and ANS genes. Based on the gene expression level at different stages, we predicted the major genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis. And we found two candidate MYB factors (CmMYBF1 and CmMYBF2) activating the flavonol biosynthesis by phylogenetic analysis.
Conclusions : Based on the full-length transcriptome data and further quantitative analysis, the major genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation in C . morifolium were predicted in our study. The results provide a valuable theoretical basis for introduction and cultivation of C. morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’.
Helicobacter pylori genotypes, salt intake, and sociodemographic factors associated with premalignant stomach lesions in a Colombian population
Authors: Carlosama-Rosero Yeison Harvey , Acosta-Astaiza Claudia Patricia , Sierra-Torres Carlos Hernán , Bolaños-Bravo Harold Jofre
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION Genetic variability of Helicobacter pylori is associated with various gastrointestinal diseases; however, little is known regarding its interaction with sociodemographic and dietary factors in the development of premalignant lesions.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between Helicobacter genotypes, salt intake, and sociodemographic factors with precursor lesions of gastric malignancyMATERIALS AND METHODS An analytical study was conducted including cases (patients with gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia) and controls (patients with non-atrophic gastritis). Sociodemographic information and salt intake habits were obtained using a questionnaire. Histopathological diagnosis was made according to the Sydney System. Genotypes cagA and vacA for H. pylori were established using polymerase chain reaction in paraffin blocks. ANOVA was used for analyzing quantitative variables. Categorical variables are presented as proportions and absolute frequencies. The effect of each variable on the outcome (premalignant lesion) is presented as OR and 95%CI. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as significant.RESULTS The genotype vacA/s1m1 increases the risk of developing precursor lesions of malignancy (OR: 3.82; 95%CI: 1.45–10.07; p = 0.007). Age and salt intake showed a positive interaction effect for the genotype s1m1 (adjusted OR: 5.19; 95%CI: 1.88–14.32; p = 0.001) and bacterial coinfection (adjusted OR: 3.2; 95%CI: 1.06–9.59; p = 0.038). The cagA genotype was not related with the development of premalignant lesions (OR: 1.21; 95%CI: 0.80–1.82; p = 0.361).CONCLUSIONS The vacA genotypes, age, and salt intake are indicators of the risk of premalignant lesions in the study population.
Drug users’ perceptions, demands, and suggestions for non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) services in China: a qualitative study
Authors: Jiao Kedi , Li Haochu , Zhang Dapeng , Jiang Zhenxia , Lin Yuxi , Liu Xueyuan , Xu Hengmin , Yan Xuemei , Tang Haoqing , Ma Wei
Published: October 2019

Background Drug users are regarded as a high-risk population of HIV infection. Non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) is internationally regarded as an effective biomedical prevention against HIV but still a small-scale pilot project in China at present. The aim of this study was to understand drug users’ perceptions demands and suggestions for nPEP service in China.Methods Nineteen eligible drug users were recruited in this qualitative study. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted by trained interviewers. All of the interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic framework analysis.Results Most of participants had not heard of nPEP and none of them had used this service. After being informed basic knowledge of nPEP, about half of the participants reported willingness to use it. The facilitators included scare of HIV infection and regarding nPEP as a remedial measure in emergency. The barriers included low willingness for fatigue and lethargy after taking drugs, high price and side effects of nPEP medication, long course of nPEP treatment, and fear of privacy disclosure. Most of the participants thought the availability of nPEP would not increase the occurrence of unprotected intercourse and supported the routinization of nPEP services. Most participants chose social media for nPEP propaganda and pharmacies for providing nPEP.Conclusions It is imperative to strengthen propaganda and education of nPEP among drug users, and to encourage them to proactively use nPEP after exposure. Price regulation, side effect management and privacy protection need to be managed well when nPEP is routinized.
Indicators of physical activity of people with motor disabilities associated with their life satisfaction and attitude towards one’s disability
Authors: Radzevičienė Liuda , Miliūnienė Lina , Gudonis Vytautas
Published: October 2019

The research is dedicated to find out possible indicators of physical activity of people with motor disabilities associated with their life satisfaction and attitude towards one’s disability. It was set that people with motor disability participating in the sports activities feel satisfied in comparison to those who used to be passive. Physical activity of persons who have motor impairments is caused by several reasons that are associated with personal and environmental factors. 162 adults after trauma of spincord and are in wheelchairs participated in the research.
The impact of family environment on children’s anxiety level
Authors: Dudek Mieczysław , Dolinská Eva , Klein Vladimir , Šilonová Viera
Published: October 2019

Family and emotional relationships governing its functioning have a great influence upon the development of a person and his/her adult life. The specificity of a family environment is believed to be the key factor which either protects against, or contributes to, the emergence of developmental disorders during adolescence. Research results presented in this paper aim at highlighting the relationships between traits of family environment and children’s anxiety level. The research was conducted from 2015 to 2016 among 180 students of Polish junior high schools located in both: rural and urban areas.
Cellular time series: a data structure for spatio-temporal analysis and management of geoscience information
Authors: Nabaei Sina , Saghafian Bahram
Published: October 2019

Geoscientists are continuously confronted by difficulties involved in handling varieties of data formats. Configuration of data only in time or space domains leads to the use of multiple stand-alone software in the spatio-temporal analysis which is a time-consuming approach. In this paper, the concept of cellular time series (CTS) and three types of meta data are introduced to improve the handling of CTS in the spatio-temporal analysis. The data structure was designed via Python programming language; however, the structure could also be implemented by other languages (e.g., R and MATLAB). We used this concept in the hydro-meteorological discipline. In our application, CTS of monthly precipitation was generated by employing data of 102 stations across Iran. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall trend test and change point detection techniques, including Pettitt's test, standard normal homogeneity test, and the Buishand range test were applied on the generated CTS. Results revealed a negative annual trend in the eastern parts, as well as being sporadically spread over the southern and western parts of the country. Furthermore, the year 1998 was detected as a significant change year in the eastern and southern regions of Iran. The proposed structure may be used by geoscientists and data providers for straightforward simultaneous spatio-temporal analysis.
A study on the geotechnical characterization and water retention characteristic curve of pond ash
Authors: Singh Janmeet , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Alam M. A.
Published: October 2019

The understanding of the engineering behaviour of unsaturated soil is totally dependent on the water retention characteristic curve (WRCC). In this paper, a comprehensive study of the WRCCs of pond ash along with the ash's geotechnical behaviour has been made. The WRCC has been drawn experimentally using a Fredlund device based upon the pressure plate technique for both wetting and drying cycles. Further, an investigation was carried out to study WRCC hysteresis of pond ash. There exists a considerable hysteresis in drying and wetting curves of pond ash sample. The different WRCC models were used to fit the experimental WRCC data. The effect of compaction on WRCC was also studied. The air entry value in the case of a loose sample is low and the sample gets nearly desaturated at low soil suction as compared to a dense sample. Also, the wetting WRCC is predicted using the Feng and Fredlund model as it is difficult and time consuming to measure the whole hysteresis. The predicted results are compared with the measured wetting WRCC. Since the direct measurement of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is difficult to obtain in engineering practices, the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function is predicted using the measured WRCC as the input parameter using SEEP/W software.
A AGNOTOLOGIA NO PROCESSO DE CONHECIMENTO NA BIOTECNOLOGIA
Authors: Reusing Luciana , Wachowicz Marcos
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo traz uma reflexão importante para as ciências da natureza e para as ciências sociais, ao tratar do processo de ignorância ou dúvida induzida pela manipulação de dados e informações científicas para instaurar um processo social de desconfiança “agnotologia”, constituindono contraponto ao conhecimento “epistemológico”. A metodologia aplicada para delimitar o estado da arte é a pesquisa bibliográfica, a fim de proporcionar maior eficiência na abordagem do tema que está distribuído entre a introdução, desenvolvimento e considerações finais. O resultado esperado é demonstrar que a biotecnologia é uma ciência carregada de valores e mitos, distante da neutralidade positivista, apta a promover uma reconfiguração biológica e social por intermédio do conhecimento cientificode uma verdade discutível, e não falseada por estratégias, argumentos e dados ficcionais para configurar um estado de ignorância diante da ciência e tecnologia a serviço da vida.
PARADIGMA DALAM ILMU ARKEOLOGI
Authors: Siregar Sondang Martini
Published: October 2019

ABSTRAKArkeologi merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari masa lampau melalui benda yang ditinggalkannya. Pada mulanya muncul dari kegemaran orang mengumpulkan harta karun selanjutnya berkembang dengan rasa ingin tahu yang besar mengenai masa lampau. Kajian arkeologi tidak dapat berdiri sendiri karena memerlukan ilmu bantu di dalam penelitian arkeologi yang bertujuan menyusun sejarah kebudayaan, memahami perilaku manusia dan mengetahui proses perubahan kebudayaan. Maka penelitian dianggap berhasil apabila semakin banyak para ahli dalam berbagai disiplin ilmu terlibat dalam penelitian arkeologi.Kata Kunci: paradigma, ilmu, arkeologiABSTRACTArcheology is the study of the past through the objects it left behind. In the beginning, arises from the passion of people collecting treasure and then develop with great curiosity about the past. Archeological studies cannot stand alone because they require knowledge in archeological research aimed at compiling cultural history, understanding human behavior, and knowing the process of cultural change. Then the research is considered successful if more and more experts in various disciplines are involved in archeological research.Keywords: paradigm, science, archeology
Development of a Digital Health Intervention for Rheumatoid Arthritis Symptom Management in a Biotechnology Industry Context: Protocol for the Application of a Human-Centered Design Framework (Preprint)
Authors: Nugent Lisa , Anthony Kouyate Robin , Jackson Shawna , Smith Meredith Y
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Involving chronically ill patients in the management of their health is widely recognized as a vital component of high-quality health care. However, to assume the role of informed participants, patients need both access to their health information and assistance in interpreting such data. Smartphone technology with SMS text messaging functionality offers a convenient and minimally demanding mechanism for providing such dual capabilities to patients. To date, a number of similar digital tools have been developed for use in various chronic and progressive disease conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to describe the development of a research protocol that applies a human-centered design (HCD) approach to develop a mobile health (mHealth) intervention to support symptom management and treatment adherence for rheumatoid arthritis.

METHODS

To guide the development of the mHealth intervention for use within a commercial biotechnology context, we selected and applied an HCD framework consisting of three phases: understanding, ideation, and implementation.

RESULTS

Leveraging the framework, we mapped the key objectives and research questions to each phase and identified the HCD techniques and methods most suitable for addressing them. In addition, we identified the need to include a fourth phase, one that referred to postimplementation assessment, which would enable evaluation of patient engagement and intervention impact on symptom self-management.

CONCLUSIONS

This paper presents a research protocol that applied an HCD framework to guide the development of an mHealth intervention within a commercial biotechnology context. This type of guidance is salient because commercial entities are becoming one of the leading producers of this type of intervention. However, the methodologies used and challenges faced from a research and development perspective are not well-represented in the published research literature to date. Our application of the HCD framework yielded important findings. Each phase of the HCD framework provided important guidance for increasing the likelihood that the final product would be understandable, acceptable, feasible, and engaging to use. Consistent with other researchers in the field of mHealth interventions, we identified the need to add a fourth phase to the HCD framework, one that focused on a postimplementation assessment to guide further improvements to support adoption in real-world settings.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR1-10.2196/16430
PARACETAMOL DISPENSING PRACTICE OF GOVERNMENT HEALTH CLINICS POST INFANTS’ VACCINATION IN MALAYSIA
Authors: SULEIMAN NURAIN , SHAMSUDIN SITI HADIJAH , RUS RAZMAN MOHD , DRAMAN SAMSUL
Published: October 2019

Objective: This study obtained information on Paracetamol (PCM) Dispensing Practice of Government Health Clinics (GHC) post infants’ vaccination in Malaysia as well as identify its possible factors.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional retrospective study (with convenient sampling) using a data collection form (DCF) to collect data. The pharmacist who is the representative of the GHC filled the DCF. Potential risk factors were evaluated by Pearson chi-square tests (expected count<5 is<20%) for an independent sample.

Results: A total number of 254 samples were collected all over Malaysia within the period of data collection, but only 248 that met inclusion criteria. The PCM dispensing practice of GHC in Malaysia for a total period of 3 y back (from 2015-2017), tend not to give PCM post immunization with respect to age of the upon vaccination and types of vaccination, conversely for gender. Trends of PCM dispensing practice were increasing for “Not Give PCM” with respect to gender, age of the baby upon vaccination, and types of vaccination from 2015 till 2017. The PCM dispensing practice had no association with no statistically significant value (p=0.804) on genders and a weak positive association with statistically significant value (p<0.05 each) on age of the baby (≤ 1year) upon vaccination and types of vaccination.

Conclusion: Future research which may include the actual practice in which practices of prescribers or mother may be conducted in determining more accurate data on the giving PCM post infant’s vaccination.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING FOR NONCOMPLIANCE OF FOLLOW-UP CARE AMONG POST CARDIAC PATIENTS
Authors: P. THENMOZHI , T. PRIYA
Published: October 2019

Objective: Compliance in following healthy diet, physical activity schedule, cessation of smoking and alcohol, medication adherence and regular follow up is very essential component in the management of patients with cardiovascular disease to prevent reoccurrence and reduce mortality. Hence the study was conducted with the aim to assess the factors contributing for noncompliance of follow-up care among post cardiac patients.

Methods: Cross-sectional research design was employed with 50 samples who matched the inclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling technique. Demographic variables data were collected by using structured questionnaire followed by assessed the factors contributing for noncompliance using checklist.

Results: The findings of the current study revealed that all physical, psychological, economical, social and spiritual factors were highly influenced the noncompliance. Of these, the highest percentage 80% reported lack of accessibility as well financial support and around 70% percentage reported side effects of medication and low health literacy.

Conclusion: Health care providers need to be focussed on interventional strategies especially health education in discharge plan to ensure that these patients adhere to follow up including medication adherence, following physical activity plan, dietary modification, lifestyle changes and regular follow up visit to prevent readmission and lead a successful life.
Nanoética buena - Nanotecnología buena
Authors: Strand Roger , Nydal Rune
Published: October 2019

Cuando se exige la “nanoética”, ¿qué exactamente es lo que hacefalta?Varios informes de diversos paises (véase: nsf, 2001; nfr, 2005; re/rae, 2004; rna, 2004; unesco, 2006; naf, 2006) ya recomendaron desdehace años que el desarrollo nanotecnológico siguiera en paralelo al de lascompetencias Оticas. Uno de los puntos comunes de dichos informes esque la nanotecnología es vista como un ámbito de la mayor importanciaestratégica; una importancia que incluso se comparara con la revoluciónindustrial del siglo xix. Además, se puede observar que los informes subrayanla importancia de introducir la óptica desde el inicio del desarrollode la nanotecnología con el objeto de apoyar y reforzar la legitimidad y elreconocimiento de este nuevo campo de la ciencia y la tecnología como unaactividad y fuerza positiva para la sociedad.
Síntesis de captadores y liberadores de fertilizantes a partir de nanomateriales arcillosos
Authors: Prado B. , Mora L. , Millán L. , Sampieri A.
Published: October 2019

Resumen: El presente trabajo da alternativas para un uso más eficiente de fertilizantes primarios empleados en las prácticas agrícolas, tales como los fosfatos y los nitratos. El objetivo es proponer nanomateriales que tengan la capacidad de retener este tipo de fertilizantes y que, posteriormente, puedan liberarse de manera controlada. Para ello es necesario materiales económicos, no tóxicos y fáciles de manipular. En este sentido, las arcillas (catiónicas y aniónicas) resultan ser excelentes candidatos como materiales liberadores de fertilizantes. En este estudio, se abarcan dos puntos importantes: 1) la síntesis y la caracterización de arcillas catiónicas y aniónicas susceptibles de retener fosfatos y nitratos y, 2) la capacidad y eficiencia que tienen estos materiales para liberar estos fertilizantes en solución acuosa.
Nanotecnología, de la divulgación que tenemos a la participación que queremos
Authors: Martins Paulo Roberto , Marques Fernandes María Fernanda
Published: October 2019

El presente texto ofrece una reflexión crítica sobre la experiencia brasileña en la participación pública en nanotecnología. Comienza problematizando la cuestión de la divulgación científica de la nanotecnología para luego dar cuenta de la misión de la Red de Investigación en Nanotecnología, Sociedad y Medio Ambiente (RENANOSOMA) así como de sus estrategias de divulgación y que incluyen: actividades presenciales, producción audiovisual y divulgación vía Internet (chats y web TV), esta última se presenta haciendo énfasis en el programa “Nanotecnologia do Avesso”. Después de presentar una evaluación de las estratégias, se reflexiona acerca de la posibilidad de mejorarlas, en particular en lo que se refiere al mencionado programa. Finalmente, se presentan las conclusiones del trabajo.
Citotoxicidad y efecto antifúngico de nanopartículas de plata para uso de odontológico
Authors: Acevedo-Contreras Araceli , Acosta-Torres Laura S. , Morales- Zavala Carlos A. , Castaño Meneses Víctor M.
Published: October 2019

Actualmente no existe un alginato para toma de impresiones dentales que evite la adherencia de microrganismos, por lo que el objetivo del presente estudio fue sintetizar nanopartículas de plata, evaluar su comportamiento citotóxico y adicionarlas en la  formulación de un alginato comercial para conferirle características antifúngicas específicas contra Candida albicans, proponiendo su uso en la prevención de contaminaciones cruzadas.
Nanopartículas para el control del biodeterioro en monumentos históricos
Authors: González Chávez M. C. , Carrillo González R. , Mendoza Hernández J. C.
Published: October 2019

Resumen: La exposición directa de construcciones e inmuebles históricos al ambiente tiene efectos negativos en las propiedades de los materiales; debido al intemperismo físico y químico, pero los agentes biológicos catalizan su meteorización. Así, organismos y microflora en asociación desencadenan diversos procesos bioquímicos y físicos que inducen al biodeterioro del patrimonio cultural. El crecimiento de los microrganismos es difícil controlar sin causar daños físicos a los materiales colonizados. Actualmente, se buscan técnicas novedosas y eficaces para el control del biodeterioro que no dañen los monumentos, ni impliquen riesgos al ambiente. Una alternativa que ofrece amplias ventajas es el uso de nanopartículas de plata producidas a partir de extractos vegetales. Este documento discute ampliamente esta opción y evidencia las necesidades de desarrollo tecnológico al respecto para solucionar este problema.
Avances e implicaciones éticosociales de la nanomedicina: una revisión desde el caso del cáncer cerebral
Authors: Delgado Ramos Gian Carlo , Hernández Burciaga Luis Alberto
Published: October 2019

Resumen: Entre las aplicaciones de la nanotecnología más prometedoras y dinámicas están aquellas del sector salud. Destacan las investigaciones en enfermedades como el cáncer, VIH sida, diabetes, osteoartritis, enfermedades degenerativas y desordenes cardiovasculares y nerviosos. El presente texto abre con una breve introducción acerca del estado actual de la investigación y desarrollo de la nanotecnología y sus aplicaciones médicas, particularmente desde una perspectiva económica. A continuación, indaga con mayor detenimiento el caso del cáncer y en específico del cáncer cerebral, los retos de su diagnóstico y tratamiento y el potencial de la nanotecnología para confrontarlos. A partir de una revisión de más de tres mil artículos registrados en PubMed se ofrece un análisis sobre el avance de la investigación en cáncer y cáncer cerebral en lo que va del siglo XXI, tanto en lo que se refiere al espectro de tipos de cáncer como de estructuras nanométricas empleadas. Se cierra con una reflexión tanto de los potenciales riesgos asociados a la exposición directa a nanomateriales, como de las implicaciones sociales y éticas del avance de la nanomedicina. Con la inclusión de una propuesta normativa de modelo integral de gestión y distribución del riesgo, se argumenta que es oportuno estimular y regular responsable y democráticamente al sector de la nanomedicina y en sí de las nanotecnologías como un todo a modo de minimizar eventuales costos y riesgos innecesarios.
Método de síntesis de nanopartículas de plata adaptable a laboratorios de docencia relacionado con la nanotecnología
Authors: Martinez Fernando M. , Zuñiga G. Edgar , Sanchez Lafarga Ana Karen
Published: October 2019

Resumen: El auge de la nanociencia y la nanotecnología ha llevado al surgimiento de cursos formales especializados en este tema a nivel de enseñanza superior. Algunas universidades en México ya cuentan con asignaturas de naotecnología a nivel licenciatura, y para poder atraer estudiantes a esta área, es necesario motivarlos desde la enseñanza media a través de demostraciones experimentales de las propiedades de la materia en escala nanométrica.Este trabajo presenta un método sencillo de síntesis de nanopartículas de plata diseñado con reactivos disponibles en cualquier laboratorio de docencia. Los resultados de este experimento demuestran que la plata en esta escala presenta diferente coloración a la conocida comúnmente en escala macroscópica, este cambio es un efecto de la resonancia del plasmón de superficie en nanopartículas metálicas.
Influencia de las nanopartículas de sílice en polímeros termoplásticos
Authors: Martín Martínez Dr. José Miguel , Camacho Elizondo Quím. Melissa , Vega Baudrit Dr. José
Published: October 2019

Resumen: En este trabajo se prepararon sílices con distinto grado de hidrofilicidad para reducir el grado de interacción con el poliuretano y analizar la incidencia en las propiedades de los materiales compuestos obtenidos. Se incorporó una sílice pirogénica hidrófila a adhesivos de poliuretano con distinta relación NCO/OH donde el grado de separación de fases se vio favorecido en todos los poliuretanos, indicando una posible interacción de los grupos silanol de la sílice mediante enlaces de hidrógeno con el polímero. Por lo tanto, debería existir una variación de propiedades en los poliuretanos como respuesta a la presencia de la sílice dispersada.
Efecto teratogénico de nanopartículas de oro de 20 nm durante la septación cardiaca
Authors: Lazzarini Lechuga Roberto , Alcántar Ramírez Omar , Jaime Cruz Ricardo , Gómez Quiroz Luis Enrique
Published: October 2019

RESUMEN: La venta libre de productos cosméticos con nanopartículas de oro se ha incrementado considerablemente en los últimos años. Adicionalmente, las nanopartículas de oro se posicionan como opciones terapéuticas principalmente contra el cáncer. Sin embargo, no se conoce a fondo los posibles efectos tóxicos de estas nanopartículas en células ni organismos sanos, tampoco los posibles efectos teratogénicos durante el desarrollo. El proceso de septación cardiaca, tanto en aves como mamíferos, consiste en pasar de una circulación unidireccional a una bidireccional, evento altamente sensible al estrés oxidante. Razón por la cual nos propusimos conocer los posibles efectos teratogénicos de las nanopartículas de oro durante el desarrollo cardiaco en el embrión de pollo, modelo muy usado que permite la manipulación directa del embrión. En el estudio encontramos: 1. Un incremento de 7.9 veces la tasa de mortalidad por exposición a las nanopartículas de oro contra el grupo control. 2. Defectos en la cardiogénesis, principalmente “doble salida del ventrículo derecho”, siempre acompañada de comunicación interventricular. Los datos presentados muestran efectos adversos de nanoAu durante el desarrollo embrionario.
Nanotecnología para el tratamiento de agua. Claves sobre la investigación en México
Authors: Saldivar Laura , Walsh Casey
Published: October 2019

Este artículo presenta información obtenida de una encuesta realizada a investigadores en el área de nanotecnología con aplicaciones en el tratamiento de agua en México. Asimismo, analiza lo expresado por los participantes sobre ciertos aspectos que consideramos claves en el desarrollo de esta línea de investigación, como son: las redes de colaboración, el financiamiento, los riesgos relacionados con el uso de nanotecnología (NT) y nanoproductos (NPs) y para el tratamiento de aguas, la postura y opinión del público, y la regulación. Concluye reconociendo la importancia de este campo de investigación y recomendando se amplíe la exploración sobre los posibles efectos toxicológicos de la NPs usadas en este campo; para esto se pueden utilizar metodologías como la evaluación del ciclo de vida. Señala también la importancia de ampliar el foco de la investigación para que ésta sea, no sólo interdisciplinaria, sino multidisciplinaria e incluya aspectos éticos, legales, sociales y medioambientales.
La fotosíntesis artificial, una alternativa para la producción de combustibles
Authors: Barrios Celina E. , Albiter Elim , Zanella Rodolfo
Published: October 2019

La fotosíntesis artificial representa una opción sustentable para la producción de combustibles alternativos o vectores energéticos, como el H2, hidrocarburos ligeros, y/o alcoholes a partir de la reducción del CO2 y la oxidación de H2O. El proceso de reducción de CO2 se denomina fotocatálisis artificial e involucra conjuntamente la separación de la molécula de H2O. En este trabajo se presentan algunos aspectos básicos de la fotosíntesis artificial llevada a cabo por medio de fotocatálisis y se analizan las propiedades principales que deben tener los catalizadores empleados. También, se resumen algunas de las técnicas para mejorar la eficiencia de las reacciones involucradas, en particular se analiza el empleo de catalizadores con oro como co-catalizador. Asimismo, se presentan los desafíos científicos y culturales actuales para poder desarrollar y aplicar esta tecnología, que permitiría la obtención de combustibles amigables con el medio ambiente.
Nuevos modelos de seguridad social ante las nuevas formas de empleo y cambio tecnológico
Authors: Morales Ramírez María Ascensión
Published: October 2019

Las nuevas formas de trabajo, el cambio tecnológico, las condiciones demográficas y epidemiológicas, la pobreza y la desigualdad, plantean desafíos y exigen a la seguridad social, seguir el ritmo del cambio, diversificarse y adaptarse en beneficio de toda la población. En este contexto, han aparecido soluciones internacionales que se centran en nuevas formas para complementar o fortalecer los sistemas de seguridad social para reaccionar a las actuales y futuras transformaciones del empleo, y consideran a la tecnología como un producto social a ser controlado mediante la agenda social, para lograr una transición justa, sustentada en la solidaridad, en los principios de justicia social, en la inclusión social y en el bienestar humano. Así, el piso de protección social, al considerar un paquete de prestaciones mínimas a todas las personas, deja en claro el papel que le compete al gobierno y al sector privado en la provisión, financiamiento y regulación del sistema. Por su parte, el ingreso básico universal aparece como respuesta a la incertidumbre sobre la cantidad de empleos disponibles en una economía cada vez más digital, y con la idea de democratizar la riqueza, fomentar la inclusión social y la autonomía de las personas con menos recursos. Ambas soluciones, bajo un enfoque con dimensión social, pretenden armonizar el proceso de adaptación en un mundo cambiante, enfrentar la mercantilización del trabajo, la protección de quienes no forman parte de una relación de trabajo, y cubrir las diferentes etapas del ciclo de vida de las personas.
Prostitución en Colombia: hacia una aproximación sociojurídica a los derechos de los trabajadores sexuales
Authors: Tirado Acero Misael , Laverde Rodríguez Carlos Alfonso , Bedoya Chavarriaga Juan Camilo
Published: October 2019

La Corte Constitucional, a partir de la Sentencia T-629 de 2010, ha reconocido la necesidad de corregir el escenario actual de discriminación y vulneración a derechos fundamentales de los trabajadores sexuales, mediante la creación de un marco normativo que delimite las condiciones en las cuales deben ser prestados los servicios sexuales, así como la determinación de los derechos que en cabeza de los trabajadores sexuales reposan, sin que a la fecha el Congreso haya subsanado la falta de legislación en la materia. Se analizan, por tanto, en este texto, las implicaciones y necesidades de un marco jurídico que permita el reconocimiento de los derechos laborales de esta población.
Identidades docentes de estudiantes indígenas de la Huasteca Potosina
Authors: Rodríguez Ugalde Diana Cecilia , Solís Domínguez Daniel
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la conformación de las identidades docentes de estudiantes nahua y téenek en una Normal de educación intercultural bilingüe (EIB) de la Huasteca Potosina, México. La identidad se problematizó en torno a la nación y cultura como dispositivos coloniales que emergen de los discursos estructurales neoliberales en interpelación con la reflexividad de las/os estudiantes. Suponemos que los procesos de construcción identitaria, en el caso analizado, ocurren en las tensiones entre el nivel de las políticas educativas estructurales del Estado neoliberal y la reflexividad de los/as estudiantes indígenas. La investigación se sustenta en una metodología cualitativa basada en el análisis documental y etnográfico. Encontramos que los/as estudiantes en formación construyen procesos mediacionales de identificación heterogéneos y en tensión: asumen referentes significativos de las políticas estructurales educativas de corte neoliberal que se orientan hacia una ciudadanía cosmopolita hegemónica, y resignifican sus propios valores comunales como pueblo.
CONHECIMENTO EMPÍRICO DE PRODUTORES RURAIS SOBRE BIODIVERSIDADE E IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS NAS VEGETAÇÕES RIPÁRIAS EM DIORAMA, ESTADO DE GOIÁS
Authors: Carvalho Denise Aparecida , Xavier Karine Alves da Silva , Souza Mateus França de , Blamires Daniel
Published: October 2019

O conhecimento de grupos étnicos sobre biodiversidade e ambiente natural pode ser uma importante alternativa para estabelecer políticas conservacionistas. Assim, este estudo avaliou a percepção das vegetações ripárias segundo trinta produtores rurais (N=30) no município de Diorama, mesorregião noroeste de Goiás, através do conhecimento empírico de vegetais e animais, uso dos recursos naturais, além de impactos ambientais nestas fisionomias e na paisagem. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevistas com questionário semi-estruturado, e as informações obtidas analisadas qualitativa e quantitativamente. Sessenta e uma etnoespécies vegetais foram relatadas (S=61), sendo a maioria utilizada para fins medicinais (54%) e extração de madeira (33%). Foram relatadas sessenta e nove etnoespécies animais (S=69), sendo a caça uma atividade pouco citada, porém significativa entre os entrevistados (16%). A pesca, praticada por 33% dos entrevistados, serve apenas para recreação e subsistência, tendo sido abandonada por muitos com a redução da água e dos peixes nos mananciais. Todos os entrevistados declararam conservar a vegetação ripária para garantir os serviços ecossistêmicos. A substituição da paisagem nativa do município por atividades agropastoris foi associada por todos os entrevistados ao aumento da temperatura, redução das chuvas e da água nos mananciais. Este estudo demonstrou que os entrevistados possuem ampla percepção sobre as vegetações ripárias, usam significativamente seus serviços ecossistêmicos, e demonstram conhecimento sobre a importância da preservação para evitar prejuízos ambientais e econômicos. Entretanto, considerando a extração de madeira e a caça relatada por grande parte dos entrevistados, futuramente atividades de conscientização ambiental deveriam ser desenvolvidas nas comunidades estudadas. Mais estudos futuros sobre percepção das vegetações ripárias por produtores rurais são necessários, considerando a importância ecológica e econômica destas fisionomias, tanto no estado de Goiás quanto em todo o Cerrado.
ATIVIDADE PESQUEIRA NO RIO POTY, MUNICÍPIO DE CASTELO DO PIAUÍ, PIAUÍ, BRASIL: CONHECIMENTO E USO DA FLORA
Authors: Amorim Joanice Costa , Castro Karina Neoob de Carvalho , Soares Romildo Ribeiro , Barros Roseli Farias Melo de , Andrade Ivanilza Moreira de
Published: October 2019

Estudos sobre uso sustentável de recursos naturais a partir da valorização e aproveitamento de experiências adquiridas pelas comunidades são importantes para a definição de sistemas de manejo e incentivo ao conhecimento científico e tecnológico dessas comunidades. Objetivou-se levantar a compreensão que os pescadores artesanais da colônia Z-9, município de Castelo do Piauí, e seus familiares, possuem sobre o uso de plantas na pesca. Os dados foram coletados a partir de formulários semiestruturados.  Os métodos quantitativos utilizados foram Valor de Uso (VU), índices de Shannon-Wiener (H’), Simpson (D) e rarefação. Registraram-se 64 espécies, pertencentes a 54 gêneros e 30 famílias, sendo 56 espécies utilizadas pelos próprios peixes (42 como alimentícias, nove como berçário, oito como abrigo para desova e cinco como refúgio). Os resultados apontam a importância do uso de espécies vegetais na atividade pesqueira e na obtenção das informações para a conservação da biodiversidade da flora na região.
ETNOBOTÂNICA DE PLANTAS RITUALÍSTICAS NA PRÁTICA RELIGIOSA DE MATRIZ AFRICANA NO MUNICÍPIO DE ITUIUTABA, MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Hernandes Alves Kenneri Cezarini , Povh Juliana Aparecida , Portuguez Anderson Pereira
Published: October 2019

As plantas, no universo das religiões de influência africana, apresentam grande valor por serem utilizadas para propósitos ritualísticos e de rotina pelas comunidades dos terreiros. Neste sentido, este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de compreender e analisar a etnobotânica nas religiões de Umbanda e Candomblé com fins medicinais, indicadas pelo babalorixá e citadas nos formulários respondidos por 20 participantes. Foram realizadas visitas para coleta de dados a fim de preparar um catálogo com os seguintes itens: nome científico, família botânica, nome popular, uso religioso e terapêutico, seguida de imagens de cada espécie presente no quintal do terreiro ILé Àse Tobi Babá Olorigbin, localizado na cidade de Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais. Os resultados possibilitaram compreensão dos benefícios que os rituais e a utilização de plantas promovem, melhorando qualidade de vida e levando bem-estar aos praticantes da religião. Por fim, este estudo contribuiu para registrar os conhecimentos e cultura da religião afro-brasileira e desmistificar o preconceito sobre os terreiros de Umbanda e Candomblé.
PLANTAS TÓXICAS OCORRENTES NOS DOMICÍLIOS DA REGIÃO DE FRONTEIRA BRASIL/PARAGUAI
Authors: MAIA SEBASTIÃO GABRIEL CHAVES , Cavalheiro Alesson Pereira
Published: October 2019

As plantas sempre tiveram intrínseca relação com o homem ao longo da história da humanidade, de modo a se tornar evidente a necessidade de conhecer suas propriedades. Através do conhecimento dessas propriedades, o indivíduo passa a poder distinguir o que é bom e o que pode trazer algum dano, se esta planta é utilizada de forma errada. A partir de uma abordagem qualiquantitativa e utilizando um formulário semiestruturado, entrevistando participantes aleatoriamente escolhidos por sorteio, determinou-se quais plantas dos quintais da fronteira Brasil-Paraguai eram classificadas como tóxicas e que parte causava algum dano. Assim, 17 etnoespécies foram citadas como tóxicas e a análise de literatura mostrou que sete delas possuem alguma propriedade que causa danos quando utilizada, sendo a mais comum Dieffenbachia sp. Entre os fatores que levam o indivíduo a cultivar tais plantas, estão: atribuições terapêuticas, ornamentais, alimentícias e místicas. Dentre os sintomas causados pela intoxicação por contato e ingestão, os mais frequentes são dermatite, vômito e dores abdominais. O estudo desenvolvido tem sua importância relacionada não só à prevenção de acidentes, mas para o conhecimento de como ocorre a interação dos indivíduos com as plantas na região de fronteira. Além disso, o estudo de plantas tóxicas, assim como o de plantas medicinais, pode servir de subsídio para a elaboração futura de fármacos.