bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Kesehatan Dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3), Service Excellent, Serta Pengelolaan Sanitasi Lingkungan Tempat Wisata Desa Caturharjo, Pandak, Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Mulasari Surahma asti , Izza Annisa Nurul , Masruddin Masruddin , Hidayatullah Farisa , P.B.M.A Franciscus De , Axmalia Astry
Published: May 2022

The purpose of empowerment program is to make community ready to as a tourist destinations nature and culture while maintaining the value health , the community be able to apply occupational health and safety ( K3 ) And visitors to theofficers and The community can provide the best services in fulfilling the needs and expectations of tourists. The society such as the target counseling consisting of cadres, youth and Pokdarwis. Counseling and training done by using the method Lectures , the screening of video , follow up of the discussion as well as filling out of the questionnaires pre-post test About public knowledge that deals with tourism activities to be built by caturharjo village. The impact of this activity is to the local community and the village administration who want to embodying a tourist village this is Having knowledge of occupational health and safety In the tourism, So that the community or the management tours can give first aid and education to visitors when the accident on a visitor or a disaster happened.
KOMUNIKASI, INFORMASI, DAN EDUKASI ( KIE) DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT LEPTOSPIROSIS DAN DEMAM BERDARAH Dengue ( DBD ) DI DUSUN JARANAN, BANGUNTAPAN, BANTUL, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rokhmayanti Rokhmayanti , Andani Ramli , A.P Teti Sunia , Rizka Jihan , Nursyavidha Nadia , Nurmalasari Nurmalasari , Ishmah Zati
Published: May 2022

Upaya pencegahan penyakit menular DBD dan leptospirosis perlu dilakukan melalui promosi kesehatan sebagai salah satu pilar pembangunan kesehatan di Indonesia yaitu dengan mengendalikan penyakit menular melalui Komunikasi, Informasi, dan Edukasi (KIE) di wilayah endemis. Desa Banguntapan adalah salah satu desa yang masih ada kasus DBD dan leptospirosis setiap tahunnya, khususnya Dusun Jaranan RT 02 dan RT 11. Minimnya pengetahuan disertai kesadaran terhadap menjaga kebersihan lingkungan menjadi faktor risiko penyakit DBD dan leptospirosis. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai penyakit DBD dan leptospirosis. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah metode ceramah yaitu penyuluhan, diskusi, tanya jawab, dan pembagian leaflet. Setelah mendapatkan intervensi berupa penyuluhan masyarakat mengalami peningkatan yaitu sebesar 37% responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik terhadap penyakit DBD dan leptospirosis.
PENYULUHAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN KARAKTER MELALUI PELAKSANAAN IDUL ADHA PADA SISWA SMA
Authors: Hadi Syamsul , Puspita Fitriyah , Ati Aster Pujaning , Widiyarto Sigit
Published: May 2022

Pembelajaraan karakter sangat diperlukan , agar siswa dapat dibekali lebih dini tentang tantangan zaman yang cepat berubah. Perubahan tersebut dapat diimbangi, dengan pendidikan karakter yang mumpuni , sehingga para siswa mempunyai jiwa dan hati yang teduh, saling tepo seliro, saling menghormati dan kasih sayang pada sesamanya. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli dan Agustus 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan pelaksanaan kegiatan secara langsung serta evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan pembelajaran akhlakul karimah melalui kegiatan Idul Adha, terlihat siswa lebih toleran dan menghormati sesama siswa serta dapat menghormat kepada para guru dan orang tua dirumah. Selain itu mereka lebih memahami secara teori dan praktek nilai- nilai pengorbanan pada perayaan Idul Adha.Â
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN KELUARGA SADAR GIZI GUNA MEWUJUDKAN GERAKAN MAYARAKAT HIDUP SEHAT (GERMAS)
Authors: Isni Khoiriyah , Aini Zahrotul , Phamuji Andrei , Nafila Ukhtika Zulfa , Pratiwi Desty , Mala Nunky Eltanin Mala , Ramadhan Alfi Syahri , Vega Ferry Nandito Dela
Published: May 2022

Di daerah dusun Pelemwulung banyak masyarakat yang belum melakukan aktivitas fisik dan masih banyak masyarakatnya yang belum mengonsumsi suplemen gizi karena masyarakat kurang tahu fungsi dari aktivitas fisik dan mengonsumsi suplemen gizi bagi keluarga.Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah untuk menginisiasi dan Â memberdayakan Â masyarakat dalam mewujudkan PHBS dan kadarzi melalui kegiatan aktivitas fisik. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat ini dengan adanya MMD dan dilanjutkan dengan melakukan intervensi berupa senam pagi. Pada hasil intervensi didapatkan hasil yaitu: masyarakat yang masih belum sadar pentingnya melakukan aktifitas fisik. Hasil yang didapat dari aktivitas fisik bahwa tidak terdapat korelasi atau nilai p-value 0,52 (p > 0,05) yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan perilaku artinya semakin tinggi pengetahuan maka perilaku dalam melakukan aktifitas fisik rendah. Sedangkan untuk KADARZI bahwa terdapat korelasi dengan nilai p-value 0,032 (p < 0,05) yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan perilaku tentang KADARZI artinya semakin tinggi pengetahuan tentang KADARZI maka semakin tinggi pula perilaku KADARZI. Kesimpulan kegiatan yang dilakukan di Dusun Pelemwulung yaitu terkait dengan melakukan aktivitas fisik, dengan mengadakan kegiatan senam sehat bagi seluruh masyarakat di Dusun Pelemwulung guna tercapainya penerapan PHBS dan KADARZI dan sarannya yaitu menanamkan tingkat kesadaran dalam melakukan aktifitas fisik dan KADARZI.
Improving accountability of village funds through village financial management based on government accounting standards
Authors: Rosnidah Ida , Muna Arinal , Musyaffi Ayatulloh Michael , Fariani Nelia
Published: May 2022

The government organizes the village fund within the framework of fulfilling the ideals of the Indonesian people, namely the existence of equal distribution in each region. The amount of village funds requires the village government to make transparent financial reporting. However, not all village governments are able to manage village funds properly. So, this dedication is to help the village government make and request financial reports according to the standards. This activity is carried out within a period of 2 months with several meetings. Each participant will be guided to be able to manage finances so that they can be requested. The object of this research is the village head, village secretary, finance department, and treasurer in Battembat village, Tengah Tani sub-district, Cirebon. The results of this study it is known that the finance department has been able to make financial records both manually and in systems. Financial information in the financial process into financial reports is sufficient for decision-making material. According to information, this finance section has also been adapted to the Siskeudes application which is also supported by the program section.
Development of environmentally friendly urban agricultural system through household waste utilization training in Jombang Indonesia
Authors: Yuliana Anggi Indah , Ami Mucharommah Sartika , Hariono Tholib
Published: May 2022

The development of residential areas in the Jombang Regency can increase global warming, so it needs urban greening in the area. The green environment can be done by developing an environmentally friendly urban agricultural system with 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) waste management. The skills of residents must support the utilization of domestic waste, so this is required adequate training activities. This training aimed to (1) increased the knowledge and skills of the residents in processed, domestic waste into compost and liquid organic fertilizer; (2) increased the knowledge and skills of residents in processed inorganic waste as a plant's pot; and (3) increased the spirit of citizens to live clean and healthy. This community service activity was carried out from 24 to July 26, 2020, with partner residents of the Bahrul Ulum Menara Asri, Jombang Regency. The program results showed that 76 percent of residents understood how to processed waste into compost, liquid organic fertilizer, and planting pots. Eighty-six percent of participants stated that the instructor's performance was very good, 88 percent of residents admitted that this training was useful in improving their skills in processed, domestic waste, and 86 percent of the participants planned to carry out waste processing practices in their homes.
Technology literacy education based PHP2D local wisdom program in Cicadas village Indonesia
Authors: Maulinda Tiara Nurul , Nugraha Santi , Hadina Nurasih , Megawati Erna
Published: May 2022

The activity called PHP2D Tali Rafika (Literacy Park Based on Local Wisdom) in Cicadas Village aims to provide education to residents about technological literacy that can be used to improve the welfare of residents. This activity was motivated by the condition of the partner villagers who had not been able to take full advantage of technology. The method used in this activity is in training, which contains the theory and practice of utilizing social media such as YouTube, Instagram, and Facebook as media for marketing citizen products. The tools used in this training include portable computers, wifi, devices, and slides. The program could increase citizens' technological literacy skills, which is indicated by the ability of citizens to use social media to improve their welfare.
Training and empowerment of health activists on physical activities for optimizing cognitive function in the elderly
Authors: Anugrahanti Wisoedhanie Widi , Ariyanti Rea
Published: May 2022

The covid 19 pandemics that hit Indonesia also impacted aspects of public health, especially for the elderly. The implementation of physical distancing to prevent the transmission of Covid 19 will impact discomfort for all individuals, including the elderly. The elderly are forced to be in their respective homes, which causes the reduced physical activity to reduce endurance. This service aims to improve the understanding and skills of health cadres about physical activity for the elderly and the benefits obtained, including body fitness, increased endurance, and optimization of cognitive function in the elderly. The method used is to provide counseling and skills training for cadres in demonstrating the appropriate forms and types of physical activity for the elderly. The target of this service is Health Cadres in Kalimeri Hamlet, Tambakasri Village, T Kerajinan Subdistrict, Malang Regency. The result of the implementation of this community service activity is that there has been an increase in the knowledge or understanding and skills of health cadres about physical activity for the elderly, where the cadres have become more aware of the importance of carrying out physical activity, especially for the elderly and types of physical activity that are suitable for the elderly.
Improved Symptoms of Peripheral Facial Nerve Palsy in ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine Recipients Following Complex Korean Medicine Treatment
Authors: Jang Woo Seok , Jang Jung Eun , Jung Chan Yung , Kim Kyung Ho
Published: May 2022

Peripheral facial nerve palsy is a neurological condition/disease characterized by unilateral paralysis of the facial muscles. We report the effects of complex Korean medicine treatment in 2 patients diagnosed with Bell’s palsy who developed symptoms 3-4 days following vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and who received oral steroids and antiviral medications. Complex Korean medicine treatments including acupuncture, electroacupuncture, bee venom acupuncture, cupping therapy, herbal medicine, and physical therapy were performed. Symptom improvement was evaluated daily using the Numerical Rating Scale, House- Brackmann Grade, and Yanagihara’s Score. Patient 1 was hospitalized for 22 days and Patient 2 visited the outpatient clinic 20 times. In both cases, postauricular pain caused by Bell’s palsy disappeared, and symptoms of facial paralysis improved following completion of treatment. These findings could suggest that combined Korean medicine treatment may improve symptoms of peripheral facial nerve palsy.
Electroacupuncture for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Park Cheol Woo , Lim Min Ji , Lee Se Won , Yi Yeon Hoo , Song Da Woon , Yu Sang Gu , Kim Min Ju , Oh Da Yoon , Choi Hyo Jung , Ju Ah Ra
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to examine the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome by reviewing published randomized controlled trials. Among the 186 studies retrieved from 7 online databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, CNKI, NDSL, RISS, OASIS, KMbase) on October 29, 2021, 4 studies were selected according to the inclusion, exclusion criteria, and were evaluated using risk of bias. Control groups for electroacupuncture were wearing a splint at night, traditional acupuncture, and medication. Methods such as total effective, functional status scale, symptom severity scale, electromyography, tip pinch strength, visual analogue scale, numeric rating scale, and ultrasound were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect. Electroacupuncture was reported to have significant treatment results compared with the control group in methods such as total effectiveness, electromyography, and tip pinch strength. However, the quality of the studies (using risk of bias) does not allow reliable conclusions to be made. Many high quality (low risk of bias) randomized controlled trials are needed to examine the efficacy of electroacupuncture treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome.
Development of an Objective Structured Clinical Examination Checklist and a Post-Education Questionnaire for Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Training Focusing on Volar Wrist and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Cho Eunbyul , Han Young-Min , Kang Yeonseok , Kim Jae-Hyo , Shin Min-Seop , Oh Myungjin , Jung Hyun-Jong , Jeon Hyesoo , Cho Nam Geun , Leem Jungtae
Published: May 2022

Background: The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is used in the colleges of Korean Medicine, but few studies have validated the OSCE evaluation criteria or post-education questionnaires. Diagnostic ultrasound is used in Korean medicine treatment including acupuncture, acupotomy, and pharmacopuncture to increase the safety and efficacy of treatment. We aimed to develop and validate a OSCE checklist and questionnaire for diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound training.Methods: A OSCE checklist and rubric for diagnostic ultrasound training, and questionnaire was developed using literature research. Eight expert panelists verified each draft item in a single-round survey. Items with a content validity ratio (CVR) < 0.75 were excluded or modified to reflect the experts’ opinions.Results: The OSCE checklist and rubric for diagnostic ultrasound training focusing on volar wrist and carpal tunnel syndrome included: 15 items revised according to CVR and expert opinions, the pre-examination procedure, structures to be identified by ultrasound, scans with 2 diagnostic criteria for carpal tunnel syndrome, an explanation of the exam results, and the post exam procedure. The questionnaire consisted of 15 items, including the overall evaluation of training, the effect of the OSCE, and the perception of the ultrasound. All 6 self-evaluation items were not revised, as they had a CVR of ≥ 0.75.Conclusion: An ultrasound OSCE for scanning the volar wrist and diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome was developed using 15 validated tasks, 15 survey questions about ultrasound training, and 6 questions for selfevaluation. These results may be used in the future for education in diagnostic ultrasound.
Crypto consumers' personality traits, and the impact of brand personality on cryptocurrencies' identity
Authors: Dakroub Roy , Koles Bernadett , Issa Helmi
Published: May 2022

The 2017 cryptocurrency parabolic craze drew significant attention, pushing blockchain projects to differentiate themselves from competitors. Within this scope, the present study employs the personality trait model to theoretically and empirically explore brand personality within the context of digital currencies, investigating its impact on its brand identity through the moderating effect of consumers' personality traits. The analysed data (n=237) were collected from Consensus 2019, which is the world's leading blockchain forum. Results revealed that within the context of cryptocurrencies, brand personality positively relates to brand identification, whereas the five personality traits (openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, extroversion, and neuroticism) relate differently as moderators. This study is the first to explore brand personality and brand identification within the context of digital currencies. The findings indicate that crypto users link brand personality with brand identification differently depending on certain personality traits.
Laser stripe segmentation and centerline extraction based on 3D scanning imaging
Authors: Ye Chuan , Feng Wenrong , Wang Qiyan , Wang Chao , Pan Bo , Xie Youchun , Hu Yuanyao , Chen Jian
Published: May 2022

Ambient noise and illumination inhomogeneity will seriously affect the high-precision measurement of structured light 3D morphology. To overcome the influences of these factors, a new, to the best of our knowledge, sub-pixel extraction method for the center of laser stripes is proposed. First, an automatic segmentation model of structured light stripe based on the UNet deep learning network and level set is constructed. Coarse segmentation of laser stripes using the UNet network can effectively segment more complex scenes and automatically obtain a prior shape information. Then, the prior information is used as a shape constraint for fine segmentation of the level set, and the energy function of the level set is improved. Finally, the stripe normal field is obtained by calculating the stripe gradient vector, and the center of the stripe is extracted by fusing the gray center of gravity method according to the normal direction of the stripe distribution. The experimental results show that the average width error of different rows of point cloud data of workpieces with different widths is less than 0.3 mm, and the average repeatability extraction error is less than 0.2 mm.
Micro-opto-electro-mechanical system based microcantilever sensor for
biosensing applications
Authors: Upadhyaya Anup M. , Sharan Preeta , Srivastava Maneesh C.
Published: May 2022

The strain sensing action of a photonic integrated microcantilever induced by the binding of biomolecules such as antibodies and antigens is an important factor in biosensing applications. Since sensitivity is the key factor in sensor performance for early detection of any bio analyte, increasing the sensitivity of the photonic integrated microcantilever becomes more critical. This can be achieved by varying the geometry of the microcantilever. Two photonic integrated microcantilever configurations—stepped profile and T-shaped microcantilevers—are considered for pressure sensing, and a comparative analysis between both designs is presented. The sensitivity of the microcantilever is improved for a small magnitude of force such as 0.1 MPa to 0.4 MPa for the T-shaped profile of the microcantilever. The resonant wavelength and wavelength shift between two structures are evaluated for various ranges of applied pressure. Sensitivities of the stepped profile and T-shaped microcantilevers are calculated as 0.58 nm/MPa in the range of 10 MPa to 25 MPa, and 92 nm/MPa in the range of 0.1 MPa to 0.4 MPa, respectively. Simulation results show that the proposed sensing configuration, i.e., T-shaped microcantilever, has high sensitivity and a significant range of wavelength at low-pressure values. This capability of the T-shaped microcantilever enhances feasibility for future fabrication and implementation in different biomedical applications.
All-dielectric one-dimensional gratings exhibiting Fano resonances in the terahertz region
Authors: Westerkam Anders M. , Sonne Jesper L. W. , Danielsen Karl G. , Skovsen Esben , Søndergaard Thomas M.
Published: May 2022

Transmittance spectra of an all-dielectric sub-wavelength grating exhibiting Fano resonances are studied both experimentally and theoretically for a frequency interval spanning several terahertz using both

s

- and

p

-polarized radiation. Modeled spectra based on the rigorous coupled wave analysis are shown to be in good agreement with the Fourier transform of measured time-domain transmission spectra for normal and angled incidence. Finally, a model is presented that explains Fano resonance frequencies by matching the propagation constant of a discrete set of guided modes to wavenumbers that both match diffraction orders in the grating and are in a range that allows propagation in the dielectric medium.
Non-instantaneous third-order optical response of gases in low-frequency fields
Authors: Morales Felipe , Richter Maria , Ivanov Misha , Husakou Anton
Published: May 2022

It is commonly assumed that for low-intensity short optical pulses far from resonance, the third-order optical nonlinear response is instantaneous. We solve the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the hydrogen atom and show that this is not the case: the polarization is not simply proportional to the cube of the electric field even at low intensities. We analyze the fundamental-frequency and third-harmonic nonlinear susceptibilities of hydrogen, investigate their dependence on intensity, and find that the delays in the Kerr response rapidly approach the femtosecond time-scale at higher intensities, while the delays in the third harmonic generation remain much lower. We also propose an experimental scheme to detect and characterize the above effects.
Re-thinking the design of low-loss hollow-core fibers via optimal positioning of the nested elements
Authors: Ordu Mustafa , Akosman Ahmet E.
Published: May 2022

Nested negative curvature hollow-core fibers (NCFs) represent state-of-art optical guidance in the near-infrared (near-IR) region. In this Letter, we propose a unique design approach for these types of fibers in order to further improve optical transmission via the optimal positioning of the nested elements. The nested elements in the proposed design are located at the center of the cladding tubes and are supported by bar-type structures. The topological optimization for the nested elements results in improved light guidance by two orders of magnitude with confinement losses as low as 0.003 dB/km within the targeted wavelength range of 1450 nm to 1600 nm. This bar-supported design features strong single-mode operation and low bending sensitivity in a wide range of bending radii.
Synergistic effect of indium doping and chlorine surface passivation on CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots for deep-red light-emitting devices
Authors: Zhou Xin , Tong Xuan , Li Xiaolong , Min Yonggang , Qian Yannan
Published: May 2022

Deep-red CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) are essential for high-efficiency perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) because of their high color purity and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). The synergetic strategy of indium (In) doping and chlorine (Cl) surface passivation not only partially replaced Pb2+ ions with the smaller ionic In3+ but also filled I- vacancies by Cl- on the surface, maintaining the humidity stability for more than 24 days and yielding excellent PLQY. Benefiting from this synergetic strategy, deep-red (approximately at 683 nm) CsPbI3 PeLEDs showed a maximum luminance and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 311 cd m-2 and 8.32%, respectively.
Deep-ultraviolet localized surface plasmon resonance using Ga nanoparticles
Authors: Endo Soshi , Shimanoe Kohei , Matsuyama Tetsuya , Wada Kenji , Okamoto Koichi
Published: May 2022

Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) with Ga nanoparticles (NPs) was achieved and tuned over the entire deep-ultraviolet (DUV) wavelength range. Ga NPs with nano hemisphere structures were fabricated by combining vapor deposition and thermal annealing without top-down nanofabrication technology. We successfully fabricated Ga2O3 NPs by thermally annealing Ga NPs at high temperatures. The coating of Ga NPs with Al2O3 thin films prevented oxidation and improved the robustness of Ga NPs, which have a low melting point and are unstable at room temperature, enabling device applications. Furthermore, we fabricated a new NP structure with Ga or Ga2O3 located on Al mirror substrates, which can be applied to LSPR-enhanced light-emitting materials and devices.
Economic burden of dengue fever in China: A retrospective research study
Authors: Xu Meng , Chang Nan , Tu Taotian , Sun Jimin , Jiang Jinyong , Xia Yu , Tang Wenge , Ji Hengqing , Zhao Xiaotao , Zhu Jin , Qi Li , Liu Xiaobo , Liu Qiyong
Published: May 2022

Background

Dengue fever has been a significant public health challenge in China. This will be particularly important in the context of global warming, frequent international travels, and urbanization with increasing city size and population movement. In order to design relevant prevention and control strategies and allocate health resources reasonably, this study evaluated the economic burden of dengue fever in China in 2019.

Methods

The economic burden of dengue fever patients was calculated from both family and the organisation perspectives. A survey was conducted among 1,027 dengue fever patients in Zhejiang, Chongqing, and Yunnan Provinces. Treatment expenses, lost working days, and insurance reimbursement expenses information were collected to estimate the total economic burden of dengue fever patients in 2019. The expenditures related to dengue fever prevention and control from government, Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), communities and subdistrict offices of 30 counties (or districts) in Zhejiang Province and Chongqing City were also collected.

Results

The direct, indirect and total economic burden for dengue fever patients in 2019 in the three Provinces were about 36,927,380.00 Chinese Yuan (CNY), 10,579,572.00 CNY and 46,805,064.00 CNY, respectively. The costs for prevention and control of dengue fever for the counties (or districts) without cases, counties (or districts) with imported cases, and counties (or districts) with local cases are 205,800.00 CNY, 731,180.00 CNY and 6,934,378.00 CNY, respectively. The total investment of dengue fever prevention and control in the 30 counties in China in 2019 was approximately 3,166,660,240.00 CNY.

Conclusion

The economic burden of dengue fever patients is relatively high, and medical insurance coverage should be increased to lighten patients’ direct medical economic burden. At the same time, the results suggests that China should increase funding for primary health service institutions to prevent dengue fever transmission.
Functional role of formate dehydrogenase 1 (FDH1) for host and nonhost disease resistance against bacterial pathogens
Authors: Lee Seonghee , Vemanna Ramu S. , Oh Sunhee , Rojas Clemencia M. , Oh Youngjae , Kaundal Amita , Kwon Taegun , Lee Hee-Kyung , Senthil-Kumar Muthappa , Mysore Kirankumar S.
Published: May 2022

Nonhost disease resistance is the most common type of plant defense mechanism against potential pathogens. In the present study, the metabolic enzyme formate dehydrogenase 1 (FDH1) was identified to associate with nonhost disease resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana. In Arabidopsis, AtFDH1 was highly upregulated in response to both host and nonhost bacterial pathogens. The Atfdh1 mutants were compromised in nonhost resistance, basal resistance, and gene-for-gene resistance. The expression patterns of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) marker genes after pathogen infections in Atfdh1 mutant indicated that both SA and JA are involved in the FDH1-mediated plant defense response to both host and nonhost bacterial pathogens. Previous studies reported that FDH1 localizes to mitochondria, or both mitochondria and chloroplasts. Our results showed that the AtFDH1 mainly localized to mitochondria, and the expression level of FDH1 was drastically increased upon infection with host or nonhost pathogens. Furthermore, we identified the potential co-localization of mitochondria expressing FDH1 with chloroplasts after the infection with nonhost pathogens in Arabidopsis. This finding suggests the possible role of FDH1 in mitochondria and chloroplasts during defense responses against bacterial pathogens in plants.
Assessing climate change impacts on Pacific salmon and trout using bioenergetics and spatiotemporal explicit river temperature predictions under varying riparian conditions
Authors: Spanjer Andrew R. , Gendaszek Andrew S. , Wulfkuhle Elyse J. , Black Robert W. , Jaeger Kristin L.
Published: May 2022

Pacific salmon and trout populations are affected by timber harvest, the removal and alteration of riparian vegetation, and the resulting physical changes to water quality, temperature, and associated delivery of high-quality terrestrial prey. Juvenile salmon and trout growth, a key predictor of survival, is poorly understood in the context of current and future (climate-change mediated) conditions, with resource managers needing information on how land use will impact future river conditions for these commercially and culturally important species. We used the Heat Source water temperature modeling framework to develop a spatiotemporal model to assess how riparian canopy and vegetation preservation and addition could influence river temperatures under future climate predictions in a coastal river fed by a moraine-dammed lake: the Quinault River in Washington State. The model predicted higher water temperatures under future carbon emission projections, representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5, with varying magnitude based on different riparian vegetation scenarios. We used the daily average temperature output from these scenarios to predict potential juvenile fish growth using the Wisconsin bioenergetics model. A combination of riparian vegetation removal and continued high carbon emissions resulted in a predicted seven-day average daily maximum temperature (7DADM) increase of 1.7°C in the lower river by 2080; increases in riparian shading mitigate this 7DADM increase to only 0.9°C. Under the current thermal regime, bioenergetics modeling predicts juvenile fish lose weight in the lower river; this loss of potential growth worsens by an average of 20–83% in the lower river by 2080, increasing with the loss of riparian shading. This study assess the impact of riparian vegetation management on future thermal habitat for Pacific salmon and trout under warming climates and provide a useful spatially explicit modeling framework that managers can use to make decisions regarding riparian vegetation management and its mechanistic impact to water temperature and rearing juvenile fish.
MAECI: A pipeline for generating consensus sequence with nanopore sequencing long-read assembly and error correction
Authors: Lang Jidong
Published: May 2022

Nanopore sequencing produces long reads and offers unique advantages over next-generation sequencing, especially for the assembly of draft bacterial genomes with improved completeness. However, assembly errors can occur due to data characteristics and assembly algorithms. To address these issues, we developed MAECI, a pipeline for generating consensus sequences from multiple assemblies of the same nanopore sequencing data and error correction. Systematic evaluation showed that MAECI is an efficient and effective pipeline to improve the accuracy and completeness of bacterial genome assemblies. The available codes and implementation are at https://github.com/langjidong/MAECI.
Obstacles to university food pantry use and student-suggested solutions: A qualitative study
Authors: El Zein Aseel , Vilaro Melissa J. , Shelnutt Karla P. , Walsh-Childers Kim , Mathews Anne E.
Published: May 2022

Background

In the absence of federal programs and policies to alleviate college student food insecurity, the number of food pantries has grown rapidly in the United States. Yet, no studies, to date, have qualitatively examined students’ experiences with this resource.

Objective

To explore college students’ perspectives on barriers to using an on-campus food pantry and provide insights into student-suggested solutions.

Methods

In this qualitative study, 41 college students were recruited from a large public university in the southeastern US with a campus food pantry. Students participated in one-on-one, in-person, semi-structured interviews. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, managed using NVivo 12, and analyzed using inductive, semantic thematic analysis.

Results

Most students were classified as food insecure (n = 33, 82.5%), and two-thirds identified as pantry users (at least once). The students’ reasons for not using the food pantry indicated resistance and access barriers. Students either ‘chose not to use’ the campus food pantry due to (i) stigma and shame, (ii) perceived insufficient need, (iii) and unsuitable food or they experienced ‘barriers’ due to (i) lack of knowledge and (ii) limited food access. The main reason reported by food insecure non-pantry users was feelings of stigma and shame while that of food insecure pantry users was limited food access. Students suggested three solutions to minimize barriers experienced when utilizing the campus food pantry. These included (i) spreading awareness about the pantry through positive marketing messages that de-stigmatize use, (ii) improving accessibility of fresh produce and protein options, and (iii) improving access through satellite locations and online ordering systems.

Conclusion

These barriers need to be systematically addressed to normalize food pantry use. Consideration of student recommendations by university program developers and policymakers may be of added value to expand access to food by college students with food insecurity.
The General Growth Tendency: A tool to improve publication trend reporting by removing record inflation bias and enabling quantitative trend analysis
Authors: Nelis Joost L. D. , Rosas da Silva Gonçalo , Ortuño Jordi , Tsagkaris Aristeidis S. , Borremans Benny , Haslova Jana , Colgrave Michelle L. , Elliott Christopher T.
Published: May 2022

The trend of the number of publications on a research field is often used to quantify research interest and effort, but this measure is biased by general publication record inflation. This study introduces a novel metric as an unbiased and quantitative tool for trend analysis and bibliometrics. The metric was used to reanalyze reported publication trends and perform in-depth trend analyses on patent groups and a broad range of field in the life-sciences. The analyses confirmed that inflation bias frequently results in the incorrect identification of field-specific increased growth. It was shown that the metric enables a more detailed, quantitative and robust trend analysis of peer reviewed publications and patents. Some examples of the metric’s uses are quantifying inflation-corrected growth in research regarding microplastics (51% ± 10%) between 2012 and 2018 and detecting inflation-corrected growth increase for transcriptomics and metabolomics compared to genomics and proteomics (Tukey post hoc p<0.0001). The developed trend-analysis tool removes inflation bias from bibliometric trend analyses. The metric improves evidence-driven decision-making regarding research effort investment and funding allocation.
Impact of the twin pandemics: COVID-19 and oil crash on Saudi exchange index
Authors: AL-Najjar Dania
Published: May 2022

This study aims to explore the effects of COVID-19 indicators and the oil price crash on the Saudi Exchange (Tadawul) Trading Volume and Tadawul Index (TASI) for the period from January 1, 2020, to December 2, 2020. The independent variable is oil price, and the COVID-19 indicators are lockdown, first and second decreases of Repo and Reverse Repo rates, Saudi government response, and cumulative deceased cases. The study adopts two phases. In the first phase, linear regression is used to identify the most influential variables affecting Trading volume and TASI. According to the results, the trading volume model is significant with an adjusted R2 of 65.5% and a standard error of 81. The findings of this model indicate a positive effect of cumulative deceased cases and first decrease of Repo and Reverse Repo rates and a negative effect of oil prices on Trading Volume. The TASI model is significant with an adjusted R2 of 86% and a standard error of 270. The results of this model indicate that lockdown and first decrease of Repo and Reverse Repo rates have a significant negative effect on TASI while the cumulative decrease in cases and oil prices have a positive effect on TASI. In the second phase, linear regression, and neural network predictors (with and without validation) are applied to predict the future TASI values. The neural network model indicates that the neural networks can achieve the best results if all independent variables are used together. By combining the collected results, the study finds that oil price has the most substantial effect on the changes in TASI as compared to the COVID-19 indicators. The results indicate that TASI rapidly follows the changes in oil prices.
Stereotactic body radiotherapy plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumour thrombus: A meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiao-fei , Lai Lin , Zhou Hui , Mo Yuan-jun , Lu Xu-quan , Liu Min , Lu Yun-xin , Hou En-cun
Published: May 2022

Background

The efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) versus SBRT or TACE alone(monotherapy) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT) remains controversial. This meta-analysis was performed to provide more powerful evidence for clinical strategies in inoperable HCC with PVTT.

Methods

We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Journal Integration Platform (VIP), and WanFang databases for eligible studies. We pooled the results of 1- and 2-year overall survival rates (OSRs), objective response rates (ORRs), and adverse events (AEs) between the two groups and performed a subgroup meta-analysis for study type, control group, treatment order, and the interval between SBRT and TACE.

Results

Nine studies with 10 cohorts involving 938 patients were included in our meta-analysis. SBRT plus TACE yielded significantly higher 1-year OSR (RR, 1.52[95% CI, 1.33–1.74]), 2-year OSR (RR, 2.00 [95% CI: 1.48–2.70]), ORR (RR = 1.22 [95% CI, 1.08–1.37]), and a lower progression disease (PD) rate (RR = 0.45 [95% CI:0.26–0.79]) than monotherapy. No significant differences were detected in CR, PR, SD, or AEs between the two groups. Subgroup analysis regarding study type, control group, and treatment order indicated that compared with monotherapy, the combination of SBRT with TACE was associated with an increase in 1- and 2-year OSRs but not in ORR. In regard to the interval between SBRT and TACE, subgroup analysis found that the combination therapy for patients with an SBRT-TACE interval <28 days was preferable to monotherapy in the 1- and 2-year OSRs, and ORR. However, for patients with an SBRT-TACE interval ≥28 days, no obvious distinctions were observed in the 1-year OSR, 2-year OSR, or ORR between the two groups.

Conclusion

The combination of SBRT with TACE appears to be better than monotherapy in treating HCC with PVTT and should be recommended for inoperable HCC patients with PVTT.
Protective effect conferred by prior infection and vaccination on COVID-19 in a healthcare worker cohort in South India
Authors: Murugesan Malathi , Mathews Prasad , Paul Hema , Karthik Rajiv , Mammen Joy John , Rupali Priscilla
Published: May 2022

Background

The emergence of newer variants with the immune escape potential raises concerns about breakthroughs and re-infections resulting in future waves of infection. We examined the protective effect of prior COVID-19 disease and vaccination on infection rates among a cohort of healthcare workers (HCW) in South India during the second wave driven mainly by the delta variant.

Methods and findings

Symptomatic HCWs were routinely tested by RT-PCR as per institutional policy. Vaccination was offered to all HCWs in late January, and the details were documented. We set up a non-concurrent cohort to document infection rates and estimated protective efficacy of prior infection and vaccination between 16th Apr to 31st May 2021, using a Cox proportional hazards model with time-varying covariates adjusting for daily incidence. Between June 2020 and May 2021, 2735 (23.9%) of 11,405 HCWs were infected, with 1412, including 32 re-infections, reported during the second wave. 6863 HCWs received two doses of vaccine and 1905 one dose. The protective efficacy of prior infection against symptomatic infection was 86.0% (95% CI 76.7%–91.6%). Vaccination combined with prior infection provided 91.1% (95% CI 84.1%–94.9%) efficacy. In the absence of prior infection, vaccine efficacy against symptomatic infection during the second wave was 31.8% (95% CI 23.5%– 39.1%).

Conclusions

Prior infection provided substantial protection against symptomatic re-infection and severe disease during a delta variant driven second wave in a cohort of health care workers.
PI Kinase-EhGEF2-EhRho5 axis contributes to LPA stimulated macropinocytosis in Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Apte Achala , Manich Maria , Labruyère Elisabeth , Datta Sunando
Published: May 2022

Entamoeba histolyticais a protozoan responsible for several pathologies in humans. Trophozoites breach the intestinal site to enter the bloodstream and thus traverse to a secondary site. Macropinocytosis and phagocytosis, collectively accounting for heterophagy, are the two major processes responsible for sustenance ofEntamoeba histolyticawithin the host. Both of these processes require significant rearrangements in the structure to entrap the target. Rho GTPases play an indispensable role in mustering proteins that regulate cytoskeletal remodelling. Unlike phagocytosis which has been studied in extensive detail, information on machinery of macropinocytosis inE.histolyticais still limited. In the current study, using site directed mutagenesis and RNAi based silencing, coupled with functional studies, we have demonstrated the involvement of EhRho5 in constitutive and LPA stimulated macropinocytosis. We also report that LPA, a bioactive phospholipid present in the bloodstream of the host, activates EhRho5 and translocates it from cytosol to plasma membrane and endomembrane compartments. Using biochemical and FRAP studies, we established that a PI Kinase acts upstream of EhRho5 in LPA mediated signalling. We further identified EhGEF2 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor of EhRho5. In the amoebic trophozoites, EhGEF2 depletion leads to reduced macropinocytic efficiency of trophozoites, thus phenocopying its substrate. Upon LPA stimulation, EhGEF2 is found to sequester near the plasma membrane in a wortmannin sensitive fashion, explaining a possible mode for activation of EhRho5 in the amoebic trophozoites. Collectively, we propose that LPA stimulated macropinocytosis inE.histolyticais driven by the PI Kinase-EhGEF2-EhRho5 axis.
Field work: Ogawa Productions as farmer–filmmakers
Authors: Voelcker Becca
Published: May 2022

This article considers the value of the leftist filmmaking collective Ogawa Productions’ interdisciplinary practice, which combined filmmaking and farming as an activist project of advocacy for social and environmental justice in 1980s Japan. It argues that Ogawa Pro, as the collective was known, integrated agriculture and film culture to construct a radically inclusive ecosystemic understanding of humans, plants, animals and the climate. Viewed today, their approach exemplifies an early model of ecological thinking that speaks to the recent multispecies turn in the arts, humanities and social sciences. But Ogawa Pro’s turn to the land is also riddled with ambivalence: the films harbour agrarian romanticism bordering on a politics of nostalgia and ethnic environmentalism. Torn between what we might today call progressive and reactionary traditionalist politics, Ogawa Pro’s enmeshed filming and farming practices constitute an important example of what I call Land Cinema – that is, film entangled in territorial, ecological and aesthetic aspects of land. Though the collective’s earlier and more militant films have received critical acclaim in recent years, its later land-based work merits further attention for the way it exposes political tensions over how to cultivate, represent and share space responsibly.
TEN SKIES, Erika Balsom (2021)
Authors: Elwes Catherine
Published: May 2022

Review of: TEN SKIES, Erika Balsom (2021)

Australia: Fireflies Press, 168 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-98191-868-7, h/bk, €11.00
Beyond the World’s End: Arts of Living at the Crossing, T. J. Demos (2020)
Authors: Kispert Matthias
Published: May 2022

Review of: Beyond the World’s End: Arts of Living at the Crossing, T. J. Demos (2020)

Durham and London: Duke University Press, 272 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-47800-957-3, p/bk, £20.90
In Fading Light: The Films of the Amber Collective, James Leggott (2020)
Authors: Perry Colin
Published: May 2022

Review of: In Fading Light: The Films of the Amber Collective, James Leggott (2020)

New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books, 268 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78920-651-7, e-book, £25.00
Diagnóstico del carcinoma medular de tiroides
Authors: Herrero Ruiz Ana , Sánchez Marcos Ana Isabel , Martín Almendra María Angeles , García Duque María , Beaulieu Oriol Louisa Myriam , Mories Álvarez María Teresa
Published: May 2022

Introducción: El carcinoma medular de tiroides (CMT) es un tumor maligno neuroendocrino poco frecuente derivado de las células parafoliculares o células C del tiroides. En el momento del diagnóstico presentan metástasis ganglionares más del 50% y a distancia el 10%.  Su pronóstico depende en gran parte del estadio del tumor, por lo que su diagnóstico temprano es fundamental.
Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión actualizada sobre el abordaje diagnóstico del CMT.
Síntesis: La ecografía es la principal herramienta en la estratificación del nódulo tiroideo, pero la mayor parte de los estudios se han centrado en el carcinoma papilar de tiroides. En el caso del CMT las características ecográficas sospechosas de malignidad suelen ser menos frecuentes y esto podría conducir a un retraso diagnóstico y terapéutico, por lo que se debe combinar con técnicas diagnósticas adicionales. En estos tumores la sensibilidad del estudio citológico del nódulo mediante punción aspiración con aguja fina generalmente es baja, y en aquellos casos de sospecha de CMT se recomienda realizar inmunohistoquímica para calcitonina y determinar la calcitonina en el aspirado de la punción. La calcitonina plasmática es el marcador más sensible para el diagnóstico de estos pacientes, pero su determinación rutinaria en el estudio del nódulo tiroideo es controvertida. Sus niveles se relacionan con la masa de células C y la presencia de metástasis ganglionares. Si son superiores a 500 pg/ml se recomienda realizar estudio de extensión con pruebas de imagen complementarias por sospecha de enfermedad metastásica. Es importante solicitar estudio genético a todos los pacientes, ya que el 25% son hereditarios formando parte de la neoplasia endocrina múltiple tipo 2 asociada a mutación en el gen RET.