bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exposure assessment of the consumers living in Mount Lebanon directorate to antibiotics through medication and red meat intake: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bou-Mitri Christelle , Boutros Paula Hage , Makhlouf Joelle , Jaoudeh Maya Abou , El Gerges Najwa , Fares Jessy El Hayek , Yazbeck Elie Bou , Hassan Hussein
Published: September 2019

Background and Aim: The misuse and abuse of antibiotics by human and in animal production are leading to serious threats to global health. This study aimed to assess the dietary exposure of Lebanese consumers to antibiotic residues from the consumption of meat and compare it to that from medication intake. Materials and Methods: Beef samples (n=61) were collected and analyzed for penicillin residues using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography. A cross-sectional study recruited 500 participants living in Mount Lebanon, using an interviewer-based questionnaire. The dietary exposure assessment was calculated following the tiered assessment approach. Results: The results showed that only 44% of the participants reported using antibiotic on doctor's prescription. Participants with good antibiotic knowledge (6-7/7) are significantly less likely to change antibiotic during treatment and would better use them as compared to those with lower knowledge (p=0.000). Those with lower education and monthly household income are more likely to improperly use antibiotics as compared to those with higher education and income. Penicillin -containing antibiotics were among the most used medications. On the other hand, the prevalence of penicillin residues in the meat samples was 21.3%, though none was above the maximum residue level. The dietary exposure to penicillin through meat consumption was equivalent to 88.3%, 31.9%, and 5.7% of the acceptable daily intake, using Tier 1, 2, and 3 approaches, respectively. Males, single, obese participants, and those with household income below 999,000 Lebanese pound were significantly more exposed to penicillin as compared to other participants due to their high meat consumption. Conclusion: These findings will provide insight into designing future targeted awareness interventions and adapted policies as efforts toward improving rational use and intake of antibiotics for preventing the development of antibiotic resistance.
Investigation of operational parameters on copper bromide laser output power
Authors:   Department of Physics, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran, Mohammadpour Lima S
Published: September 2019

In this work, a copper bromide laser with an active medium length of 58 cm and an inner diameter of 20 mm designed and constructed. He and Ne used as buffer gases. The effect of reservoir temperature, He and Ne buffer gas pressure, frequency and electrical input power on the output power investigated. The result of experiments shows that an optimum laser efficiency obtained at the electrical input power of 2.1kW and corresponding operational temperature of 510 oC. The maximum output powers, 4 and 6 W, with use of He and Ne buffer gases, were determined at pressures 11 and 24 torr, respectively.
Ratings of Perceived Exertion During Walking Predicts Endurance Independent of Physiological Effort in Older Women
Authors: Hunter Gary R. , Neumeier William H. , Chandler-Laney Paula C. , Carter Stephen J. , Borges Juliano H. , Hornbuckle Lyndsey M. , Plaisance Eric P. , Fisher Gordon
Published: September 2019

Hunter, GR, Neumeier, WH, Chandler-Laney, PC, Carter, SJ, Borges, JH, Hornbuckle, LM, Plaisance, EP, and Fisher, G. Ratings of perceived exertion during walking predicts endurance independent of physiological effort in older women. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1340–1344, 2020—This study aimed to determine whether ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and physiological effort at different exercise intensities relate to exercise endurance. Ninety-eight sedentary women (older than 60 years) completed 3 submaximal locomotion tasks: (a) stair climbing, (b) flat walking at 2 mph, and (c) grade walking at 2 mph. Maximal treadmill endurance was measured at least 3 days before the submaximal tests. Oxygen uptake was measured during all tests, and RPE were collected for the submaximal tasks. Ratings of perceived exertion during moderate-intensity exercise (walking on the flat at 43% V̇O2max, partial R = −0.35, p < 0.01), but not higher intensity exercise (grade walk at 59% V̇O2max, p = 0.49, and stair climbing at 67% V̇O2max, p = 0.17), were related to endurance even after adjusting for aerobic capacity and physiological effort (composite of maximal heart rate, ventilation, and respiratory exchange ratio). However, physiological effort was significantly related to endurance for the higher intensity exercise (both grade walk and stair climbing partial R >−0.24, p < 0.02). Similar to previous findings that subjective ratings of fatigue at rest were related to RPE during low/moderate-intensity exercise, but not higher intensity exercise, these data further support Ekkekakis's dual-mode hypothesis that cognitive factors influence RPE during low/moderate-intensity exercise. A practical application is that the coach and personal trainer should know that physiological effort seems to play a greater role in influencing endurance than RPE as intensity of exercise increases.
Acute Neuromuscular and Microvascular Responses to Concentric and Eccentric Exercises With Blood Flow Restriction
Authors: Lauver Jakob D. , Cayot Trent E. , Rotarius Timothy R. , Scheuermann Barry W.
Published: September 2019

Lauver, JD, Cayot, TE, Rotarius, TR, and Scheuermann, BW. Acute neuromuscular and microvascular responses to concentric and eccentric exercises with blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2725–2733, 2020—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the addition of blood flow restriction (BFR) during concentric and eccentric exercises on muscle excitation and microvascular oxygenation status. Subjects (N = 17) were randomly assigned to either a concentric (CON, CON + BFR) or eccentric (ECC, ECC + BFR) group, with one leg assigned to BFR and the other to non-BFR. Surface electromyography and near-infrared spectroscopy were used to measure muscle excitation and microvascular deoxygenation (deoxy-[Hb + Mb]) and [total hemoglobin concentration] during each condition, respectively. On separate days, subjects completed 4 sets (30, 15, 15, 15) of knee extension exercise at 30% maximal torque, and 1 minute of rest was provided between the sets. Greater excitation of the vastus medialis was observed during CON + BFR (54.4 ± 13.3% maximal voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]) and ECC + BFR (53.0 ± 18.0% MVIC) compared with CON (42.0 ± 10.8% MVIC) and ECC (46.8 ± 9.6% MVIC). Change in deoxy-[Hb + Mb] was greater during CON + BFR (10.0 ± 10.4 μM) than during CON (4.1 ± 4.0 μM; p < 0.001). ECC + BFR (7.8 ± 6.7 μM) was significantly greater than ECC (3.5 ± 4.7 μM; p = 0.001). Total hemoglobin concentration was greater for ECC + BFR (7.9 ± 4.4 μM) compared with ECC (5.5 ± 3.5 μM). The addition of BFR to eccentric and concentric exercises resulted in a significant increase in metabolic stress and muscle excitation compared with non-BFR exercise. These findings suggest that although BFR may increase the hypertrophic stimulus during both modes of contraction, BFR during concentric contractions may result in a greater stimulus.
Validity and Reliability of the Rear Foot Elevated Split Squat 5 Repetition Maximum to Determine Unilateral Leg Strength Symmetry
Authors: Helme Mark , Bishop Christopher , Emmonds Stacey , Low Christopher
Published: September 2019

Helme, M, Bishop, C, Emmonds, S, and Low, C. Validity and reliability of the rear foot elevated split squat 5 repetition maximum to determine unilateral leg strength symmetry. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3269–3275, 2019—The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the rear foot elevated split squat (RFESS) 5 repetition maximum (5RM) test as a field method for measuring unilateral leg strength symmetry. As a validated method of testing symmetry, the RFESS 5RM may be used by strength and conditioning coaches and sports medicine staff to measure the presence of imbalances with minimal equipment and time. Twenty-six subjects (age = 23.8 ± 4.6 years, mass = 88.1 ± 10.7 kg, and height = 1.79 ± 0.1 m) with a minimum 2 years of strength and conditioning experience were recruited. After a familiarization session, subjects performed an incremental 5RM protocol on both legs, on 2 occasions where 3D motion and force data were collected. Moderate reliability of bar load symmetry was found between test and retest conditions correlation (intraclass coefficient = 0.73, 0.33–0.91) with no proportional bias between sessions. Validation of the exercise was analyzed using a correlation between asymmetries in mean set vertical ground reaction forces (vGRF) of the lead foot during the concentric phase, with bar load. When all maximal trials, from both test conditions, were analyzed, a most likely large positive correlation (0.57, 0.30–0.76) was found for mean set concentric lead foot vGRF. When a threshold level of load symmetry (96.54–103.46%) was applied, a most likely large positive correlation (r = 0.59, 0.14–0.84) between symmetry in lead foot vGRF was found in subjects who exceeded this limit. Conversely, analysis of subjects within the threshold produced unclear correlations. Findings of this study suggest the RFESS is a valid and reliable measure of unilateral leg strength symmetry. Practitioners are recommended to use this exercise to investigate the strength symmetry of athletes, but are guided to note that a threshold level of symmetry (96.54–103.46%) may be required to have been exceeded to indicate a true difference in vGRF production.
Enhanced Tensile Properties and Reversal of Tension-Compression Asymmetry of Magnesium Reinforced with High Entropy Alloy Particles
Authors: Tun Khin Sandar , Gupta Manoj
Published: September 2019

In this study, an attempt was made to develop magnesium-based composites containing a new type of reinforcement, ball-milled high entropy alloy (HEA) particles. The presence and variation in the amount of ball-milled HEA particles (2.5 wt. %, 5 wt. %, and 7.5 wt. %) in pure magnesium matrix and their effect on the microstructure and tensile properties of magnesium-HEA composites were investigated. HEA particle reinforcement triggered the particle-stimulated nucleation that effectively led to a significant reduction of matrix grain size in the composites. The yield and ultimate tensile strength were improved in magnesium-HEA composites. The reorientation of basal planes in recrystallized grains provided the random texture in the composites as compared to that of pure magnesium. The outcome of randomization of texture was the reduction in tension-compression yield asymmetry in the range of 0.93–1 in the case of composites.
A Screen of the Conserved Kinome for Negative Regulators of LIN-12 Negative Regulatory Region (“NRR”)-Missense Activity inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Deng Yuting , Luo Katherine Leisan , Shaye Daniel D , Greenwald Iva
Published: September 2019

Genetic analysis of LIN-12/Notch signaling in C. elegans has provided many insights into human biology. Activating missense mutations in the Negative Regulatory Region (NRR) of the ectodomain of LIN-12/Notch were first described in C. elegans, and similar mutations in human Notch were later found to cause T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). The ubiquitin ligase sel-10/Fbw7 is the prototype of a conserved negative regulator of lin-12/Notch that was first defined by loss-of-function mutations that enhance lin-12 NRR-missense activity in C. elegans, and then demonstrated to regulate Notch activity in mammalian cells and to be a bona fide tumor suppressor in T-ALL. Here, we report the results of an RNAi screen of 248 C. elegans protein kinase-encoding genes with human orthologs for enhancement of a weakly activating NRR-missense mutation of lin-12 in the Vulval Precursor Cells. We identified, and validated, thirteen kinase genes whose loss led to increase lin-12 activity; eleven of these genes have never been implicated previously in regulating Notch activity in any system. Depleting the activity of five kinase genes (cdk-8, wnk-1, kin-3, hpo-11, and mig-15) also significantly enhanced the activity of a transgene in which heterologous sequences drive expression of the untethered intracellular domain of LIN-12, suggesting that they increase the activity or stability of the signal-transducing form of LIN-12/Notch. Precedents set by other regulators of lin-12/Notch defined through genetic interactions in C. elegans suggest that this new set of genes may include negative regulators that are functionally relevant to mammalian development and cancer.
Chromosome Preference During Homologous Recombination Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Fernandez Joel , Bloomer Hanan , Kellam Natalia , LaRocque Jeannine R
Published: September 2019

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are especially toxic DNA lesions that, if left unrepaired, can lead to wide-ranging genomic instability. Of the pathways available to repair DSBs, the most accurate is homologous recombination (HR), where a homologous sequence is used as a donor template to restore genetic information at the break site. While much of the biochemical aspects of HR repair have been characterized, how the repair machinery locates and discriminates between potential homologous donor templates throughout the genome remains elusive. We use Drosophila melanogaster to investigate whether there is a preference between intrachromosomal and interhomolog donor sequences in mitotically dividing cells. Our results demonstrate that, although interhomolog HR is possible and frequent if another donor template is not available, intrachromosomal donor templates are highly preferred. This is true even if the interhomolog donor template is less diverged than the intrachromosomal donor template. Thus, despite the stringent requirements for homology, the chromosomal location of the donor template plays a more significant role in donor template choice.
Multiple Changes Underlie Allelic Divergence ofCUP2BetweenSaccharomycesSpecies
Authors: Li Xueying C , Fay Justin C
Published: September 2019

Under the model of micromutationism, phenotypic divergence between species is caused by accumulation of many small-effect changes. While mapping the causal changes to single nucleotide resolution could be difficult for diverged species, genetic dissection via chimeric constructs allows us to evaluate whether a large-effect gene is composed of many small-effect nucleotide changes. In a previously described non-complementation screen, we found an allele difference of CUP2, a copper-binding transcription factor, underlies divergence in copper resistance between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. uvarum. Here, we tested whether the allele effect of CUP2 was caused by multiple nucleotide changes. By analyzing chimeric constructs containing four separate regions in the CUP2 gene, including its distal promoter, proximal promoter, DNA binding domain and transcriptional activation domain, we found that all four regions of the S. cerevisiae allele conferred copper resistance, with the proximal promoter showing the largest effect, and that both additive and epistatic effects are likely involved. These findings support a model of multiple changes underlying evolution and suggest an important role of both protein coding and cis-regulatory changes in evolution.
De Novo Assembly and Annotation from Parental and F1 Puma Genomes of the Florida Panther Genetic Restoration Program
Authors: Ochoa Alexander , Onorato David P , Fitak Robert R , Roelke-Parker Melody E , Culver Melanie
Published: September 2019

In the mid-1990s, the population size of Florida panthers became so small that many individuals manifested traits associated with inbreeding depression (e.g., heart defects, cryptorchidism, high pathogen-parasite load). To mitigate these effects, pumas from Texas were introduced into South Florida to augment genetic variation in Florida panthers. In this study, we report a de novo puma genome assembly and annotation after resequencing 10 individual genomes from partial Florida-Texas-F1 trios. The final genome assembly consisted of ∼2.6 Gb and 20,561 functionally annotated protein-coding genes. Foremost, expanded gene families were associated with neuronal and embryological development, whereas contracted gene families were associated with olfactory receptors. Despite the latter, we characterized 17 positively selected genes related to the refinement of multiple sensory perceptions, most notably to visual capabilities. Furthermore, genes under positive selection were enriched for the targeting of proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum, degradation of mRNAs, and transcription of viral genomes. Nearly half (48.5%) of ∼6.2 million SNPs analyzed in the total sample set contained putative unique Texas alleles. Most of these alleles were likely inherited to subsequent F1 Florida panthers, as these individuals manifested a threefold increase in observed heterozygosity with respect to their immediate, canonical Florida panther predecessors. Demographic simulations were consistent with a recent colonization event in North America by a small number of founders from South America during the last glacial period. In conclusion, we provide an extensive set of genomic resources for pumas and elucidate the genomic effects of genetic rescue on this iconic conservation success story.
Activity-Dependent Regulation of the Proapoptotic BH3-Only Geneegl-1in a Living Neuron Pair inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Cohn Jesse , Dwivedi Vivek , Valperga Giulio , Zarate Nicole , de Bono Mario , Horvitz H Robert , Pierce Jonathan T
Published: September 2019

The BH3-only family of proteins is key for initiating apoptosis in a variety of contexts, and may also contribute to non-apoptotic cellular processes. Historically, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has provided a powerful system for studying and identifying conserved regulators of BH3-only proteins. In C. elegans, the BH3-only protein egl-1 is expressed during development to cell-autonomously trigger most developmental cell deaths. Here we provide evidence that egl-1 is also transcribed after development in the sensory neuron pair URX without inducing apoptosis. We used genetic screening and epistasis analysis to determine that its transcription is regulated in URX by neuronal activity and/or in parallel by orthologs of Protein Kinase G and the Salt-Inducible Kinase family. Because several BH3-only family proteins are also expressed in the adult nervous system of mammals, we suggest that studying egl-1 expression in URX may shed light on mechanisms that regulate conserved family members in higher organisms.
A Web-based Music Learning Environment: A Case Study of Users Experiences
Authors: Ruokonen Inkeri , Sepp Anu , Ojala Aleksi , Hietanen Lenita , Tuisku Vesa , Ruismäki Heikki
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the study is to research how music is learned in a web-based learning environment. The users of a web-based learning environment were asked to perform a self-assessment about their music learning. The research question was to determine which kind of learning experiences students had when studying music in a web-based learning environment. The other aim was to discover the students’ main interests in their music studies and the kinds of support they needed for their web-based learning. Finally, the users were asked to suggest some ways to develop a digital learning environment of music. The data was collected by using an e-questionnaire that was open for all users who studied on a Finnish web-based music learning environment during one study year. Data from 82 respondents was analysed using content analysis and the results are presented through quantitative tables and figures with qualitative results obtained from the content analyses of answers to open-ended questions. According to the results, most of the users found that the motivation to study music increased during the studies. Preferences of learning methods were individual but most of the respondents hoped web-based learning environment could be developed together with blended learning settings where web based learning and contact lessons could be integrated. The individual support from a web teacher and a peer community were also needed.
Learning Outcomes: Safety Education for Comprehensive School Pupils
Authors: Somerkoski Brita , Kärki Tomi , Lindfors Eila
Published: September 2019

This paper investigates the learning outcomes of comprehensive school pupils in the context of safety based on a quantitative research design. We considered learning and safety competence here as a combination of knowledge, skills and attitudes. We collected the data using two questionnaires, TUKO I (n=375) and TUKO II (n=272). Teachers and the third sector (NGO´s, non-governmental organizations) external experts carried out safety lessons and drills in four comprehensive schools in between two data collection periods.The results of this study show that about one third of the pupils had the good to excellent level of safety knowledge. A novel finding of this study is that during the intervention, the primary school pupils developed their safety attitude whereas the secondary school pupils improved their safety skills. Based on this pilot study, we can conclude that experiential learning and safety drills in schools might have an effect especially on safety attitudes and skills. However, there is a need for more research to understand the relations of cause and effect.
O que é a Inovação Social? Maleabilidade Conceitual e Implicações Práticas
Authors: Monteiro Alcides
Published: September 2019

RESUMO Este artigo aborda uma realidade que, não sendo completamente nova, mereceu nos últimos anos particular atenção no que concerne à sua teorização e delimitação: o fenômeno (conceito e prática) da “inovação social”. Na primeira parte, a análise focaliza a diversidade de concepções que se tem produzido em torno da definição da inovação social, conforme se olha o fenômeno como resposta a problemas sociais e a condições sociais, ou é primordialmente concebido no contexto da governança democrática e da vontade de transformação social. Por julgarmos possível, e desejável, entabular pontes entre modelos que, portadores de pressupostos importantes, se revelam incompletos na sua formulação própria, avançamos, na segunda parte do texto, com a proposta de um novo modelo estratégico para a inovação social local, que é distinto das duas concepções anteriores. Essa proposta é a de que se interprete o conceito de “inovação social”, quando associado a uma estratégia de desenvolvimento local, como composto por dois eixos fundamentais: um eixo instrumental (inovações setoriais + governança e externalidades) e um eixo político (learning communities + missão social e visão transformadora). No âmbito de tal proposta, estimam-se ainda as implicações práticas decorrentes da adoção deste modelo.
Governança Eleitoral e Ativismo Judicial: Uma Análise Comparada sobre o Impacto de Decisões Judiciais nas Regras do Processo Eleitoral Brasileiro
Authors: Lopes Ana Paula de Almeida
Published: September 2019

RESUMO O presente trabalho de pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar as especificidades do modelo de governança eleitoral brasileiro sob a perspectiva da judicialização da competição política, a partir de um estudo comparado, a fim de avaliar se as regras institucionais produzem resultados diferentes no que concerne o ativismo judicial em relação ao processo eleitoral. Para identificar as peculiaridades do modelo de governança eleitoral brasileiro, importa avaliar as suas principais características como um órgão judicializado com base em uma análise comparada com outros países que, da mesma forma, apresentam estruturas semelhantes de regimes presidencialistas federativos e de sistema judicial, quais sejam: Argentina, México e Estados Unidos. Sendo assim, o estudo foi alicerçado em quatro critérios de análise: a) modelo de governança eleitoral; b) existência de justiça eleitoral especializada; c) modelo de controle de constitucionalidade; e d) mudança de regras eleitorais e/ou partidárias a partir de decisão judicial. Ao final, concluiu-se que o modelo de governança eleitoral brasileiro é resultado não apenas das regras que o institucionalizaram, mas também de uma atuação consolidada no sentido de não apenas resolver o contencioso eleitoral ou impactar as eleições pelos efeitos de uma decisão judicial, mas produzir mudanças no campo do rule making.
Directly observed treatment for tuberculosis in the State of São Paulo
Authors: Meirelles Rogério José de Azevedo , Palha Pedro Fredemir
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe and analyze the coverage profile of directly observed treatment for tuberculosis in 59 priority municipalities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, through the creation and comparison of groups homogenized by the number of people in each municipality from 2006 to 2012. Method: Quantitative, epidemiological and descriptive study based on the data available in the EPI-TB and the Statistica 7.0 software databases. Results: The mean and standard deviation of directly observed treatment for the 59 priority municipalities of the state of São Paulo were 77.0 ± 24.3%. The coverage of directly observed treatment increased in 34 municipalities (57.6%) but decreased in 25 (42.4%). Conclusion: Some municipalities could not keep the coverage reached at some point. This coverage heterogeneity should be examined in detail by searching for possible reasons in political-management, technical-operational and funding dimensions.
Nursing practices centered on individuals with tuberculosis: an interface with democracy
Authors: Sicsú Amélia Nunes , Gonzales Roxana Isabel Cardozo , Mitano Fernando , Sousa Luciana de Oliveira , Silva Laís Mara Caetano da , Ballestero Jaqueline Garcia de Almeida , Peruhype Rarianne Carvalho , Palha Pedro Fredemir
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze whether user-centered nursing practices in TB DOT are being carried out and are contributing to democracy. Method: A cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive study with 123 nurses in three capital cities with high incidence of TB (Manaus-AM, João Pessoa-PB, Porto Alegre-RS) in Brazil. Data were collected from January to June 2014. Descriptive and multiple correspondence analyzes were used. Results: It was identified that the most user-centered care actions had scores below 50%, considered unfavorable to the exercise of democracy. In the analysis of the general user-centered practice score per municipality, Manaus and João Pessoa presented unfavorable results, and the municipality of Porto Alegre was partially favorable. Conclusion: The three municipalities need to advance in the implementation of user-centered practices in DOT, because their health system still has difficulties and challenges to overcome.
Permanence of professionals who work in the Tuberculosis Control Program
Authors: Paula Danielle Galdino de , Silva Alexandre Sousa da , Villa Tereza Cristina Scatena , Motta Maria Catarina Salvador da
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the length of stay of the professionals who work in the Tuberculosis Control Program in Basic Health Units of the city of Rio de Janeiro/RJ. Method: Sectional study, developed in eight Health Units of the Maré Complex/RJ. Physicians, nurses, nursing technicians and Community Health Agents of the Family Health Teams were interviewed. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify the existence of groups with the same distribution, and Dunn’s multiple comparison test with Bonferroni correction, to identify which group presented a difference. Results: Among Health Units, a significant difference was observed in the length of work (p-value = 0.0005909) and in the dwell time (p-value = 0.0003598). Conclusion: It was observed low length of stay of the professionals that work in the Basic Health Units. This result points to challenges inherent in the control of tuberculosis at the local level.
Management of nursing care in HIV/AIDS from a palliative and hospital perspective
Authors: Zepeda Karen Gisela Moraes , Silva Marcelle Miranda da , Santos Débora Cristina Leitão dos , Gaspar Rafael Barroso , Trotte Liana Amorim Corrêa
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objectives: To understand the meaning attributed by the nurse to the management of nursing care to the person hospitalized due to clinical complications caused by AIDS; to analyze actions related to palliative care; and to construct a theoretical matrix regarding the management of nursing care. Method: Qualitative, exploratory research, guided by the Grounded Theory. Seven nurses and ten nursing technicians were interviewed between May and September 2015, in a university hospital, located in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Results: Five categories that covered the profile of the hospitalized person, palliative care, intervening conditions for care management, the need for professional qualification, and other aspects to better organize and manage care, including conflict management arose. Final considerations: The theoretical matrix values the quality of life, the need to understand the flow of care to avoid readmissions and not adherence to medications, requiring new research in the area, such as implementation.
Leprosy educational practices with adolescents: an integrative literature review
Authors: Freitas Bruna Hinnah Borges Martins de , Silva Fabiane Blanco e , Jesus Jéssica Maria Ferreira de , Alencastro Maria Angélica Brum
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify scientific evidence in the literature regarding educational actions on leprosy developed with adolescents. Method: an integrative review of the literature, with the following research question: what are the leprosy educational practices currently being developed with adolescents? The search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, CINAHL, BVS Hanseníase and other sources, using “adolescent”; “leprosy”; “health education”; “public health”, and “public health practice” as keywords. Results: the sample was comprised of nine studies. Leprosy educational practices with adolescents verifiably promote change in knowledge when they are based on constructivist methodologies. The nurse is recognized as a professional with potential for developing these educational practices. Final considerations: actions for leprosy education with adolescents do lead to changes in knowledge, but new research is needed to evaluate their effectiveness in further improving this knowledge as well as changing behaviors and practices.
Playful educational intervention with schoolchildren on intestinal parasitosis
Authors: Bragagnollo Gabriela Rodrigues , Santos Tâmyssa Simões dos , Fonseca Renata Elizabete Pagotti da , Acrani Marcelo , Branco Maria Zita Pires Castelo , Ferreira Beatriz Rossetti
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the playful educational interventions in the knowledge of schoolchildren about intestinal parasitosis. Method: This is a quasi-experimental, non-randomized study, based on pre- and post-intervention, conducted in a public elementary school in a peripheric neighborhood in the city of Ribeirão Preto (SP). The study population consisted of 101 students enrolled in the 5th and 6th grade. For comparison, we used the generalized version of the McNemar chi-squared test. Results: Of the 101 schoolchildren who participated in the study, 48 (47.5%) were female and 53 (52.5%) were male, aged from 9 to 14 years. Students’ knowledge on intestinal parasitic infections has increased significantly after the playful educational intervention. Conclusion: Playful educational interventions are an excellent didactical resource in the teaching-learning process of schoolchildren.
Epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases with HIV coinfection in Porto Alegre city, Brazil
Authors: Rossetto Maíra , Brand Évelin Maria , Hahn Giselda Veronice , Oliveira Dora Lúcia Leidens Corrêa de , Teixeira Luciana Barcellos
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe and compare the epidemiological profile of cases of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection of the District Administration Health Units of Porto Alegre, Brazil, from 2009 to 2013. Method: Retrospective cohort with data from national health information systems. Sociodemographic, clinical and follow-up variables were investigated through association tests. Results: 2,419 cases of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection were reported, with a mean age of 38 ± 9.91 years, predominantly white and with up to 7 years of study. The comparison between the District Administration Health Units was significant in terms of race/color (p<0.001), gender (p<0.001), schooling (p<0.004), age (p<0.003), place of origin (p<0.001), (p<0.001), alcoholism (p<0.001), indication and performance of Directly Observed Therapy (p<0.001), closure (p<0.001). Conclusion: Socioeconomic and treatment variables influence the occurrence of coinfection in different areas of Porto Alegre, reinforcing that the sum of different factors explains the indicators of the disease.
Socioeconomic factors related to leprosy: an integrative literature review
Authors: Leano Heloisy Alves de Medeiros , Araújo Kleane Maria da Fonseca Azevedo , Bueno Isabela de Caux , Niitsuma Eyleen Nabyla Alvarenga , Lana Francisco Carlos Félix
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate in the literature the relation of socioeconomic factors in the incidence of the disease and other outcomes related to leprosy. Method: Integrative review conducted in Lilacs, Medline, Scopus databases and SciELO online library with studies from 2000 to 2016. Results: 32 studies were included. Only studies that analyzed statistical associations of socioeconomic factors and outcomes related to leprosy were selected. Conclusion: Leprosy is greatly affected by the social context in which the patient is inserted, the chances of exposure to illness are the result of a set of not only individual aspects, but also of contexts or collective conditions. It is imperative for Nursing, as an essential part of the multiprofessional team entrusted with the care and surveillance of the disease, to recognize these factors to predict unfavorable outcomes and to develop new practices capable of reducing inequities.
Social incentives for adherence to tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Orlandi Giovanna Mariah , Pereira Érica Gomes , Biagolini Rosângela Elaine Minéo , França Francisco Oscar de Siqueira , Bertolozzi Maria Rita
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the influence of social incentives for adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Method: Qualitative study, in which 26 primary health care professionals of São Paulo were interviewed in 2015.Their testimonies were submitted to the speech analysis technique. The theoretical reference was the social determination of the health-disease process. Ethical procedures were observed. Results: TB is related to precarious living conditions. Incentives such as the basic food basket and transportation stipends are relevant for patients’ adherence to treatment, as well as to the create bonds between the patient and the health team. Final considerations: The incentives strengthened adherence to TB treatment. However, interventions in the context of public measures must transcend the remedial dimension and be guided towards the transformation of the TB situation, which means supporting processes that modify living conditions.
Educational workshop with adolescents on leprosy: case report
Authors: Freitas Bruna Hinnah Borges Martins de , Silva Fabiane Blanco e , Silva Hellen Cristina Dias dos Santos , Costa Alan Maique Ribeiro Fernandes da , Silva Karine Ferreira da , Silva Sabrina Edvirges Garcia
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the experience of professors and students in the development and implementation of an educational workshop on leprosy with adolescents. Method: This is a case report from actions contained in a university extension project. Results: The workshop program was elaborated with duration of two hours, including five dynamic techniques adapted to the topic: adjective, face, traffic light, true or false and mosaic. It was verified that the construction of knowledge in light of the verbalization of the adolescents and the interest in working in the society they live through sharing this knowledge, especially those who were more involved in the process. Conclusion: It was concluded that the applied workshops enabled building knowledge and demystifying myths and stigmas socially constructed to adolescents, as well as allowed Nursing students to experience educational interventions on leprosy with adolescents.
Instant messaging application for the care of people living with HIV/aids
Authors: Lima Ivana Cristina Vieira de , Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz , Pedrosa Samyla Citó , Farias Odaleia Oliveira , Silva Camila Aparecida Costa , Cunha Gilmara Holanda da
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess a specific instant messaging application as a tool of care for people living with HIV/aids, based on analysis of the interactions between nurse and patients. Method: Descriptive, quantitative study with 102 patients from two outpatient infectious disease clinics of Fortaleza, Ceará. During four months, participants received a message every 15 days, totaling eight messages, regarding: adherence to antiretroviral therapy; physical activity; social support; self-esteem; anxiety/depression; eating habits; alcohol and drugs; and sexuality. Results: There were 816 interactions, especially for dialogs about performing physical activity (27.87%), sharing of signs and symptoms (18.03%), report of engagement with treatment (9.84%) and requests of information on the intake of medicine (9.84%). Most participants showed satisfaction with the follow-up, with willingness to continue receiving messages (90.58%). Conclusion: The use of this application is a viable strategy to improve care for people with HIV by promoting instant communication.
Knowledge of nursing student on the prevention of sexually transmitted infections
Authors: Petry Stéfany , Padilha Maria Itayra , Kuhnen Adriana Eich , Meirelles Betina Hörner Schlindwein
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the knowledge and self-care actions taken by nursing undergraduate students of a Federal University of the South of Brazil, against Sexually Transmitted Infections. Method: Exploratory qualitative study, conducted 40 interviews with undergraduate students at the beginning and end of the course. The analysis was thematic, resulting in three categories. Results: Knowledge about the subject is a decisive factor for self-care, and the more knowledge, the greater the prevention. The dissemination of knowledge of students at the end of the course not only influences self-care but also health promotion in the social sphere. Final considerations: Knowledge is important in self-care and caring for others. The dissemination of knowledge becomes evident according to the complexity of the course. Stable relationships may interfere with the use or disuse of condoms in sexual relationships, a misnomer present in today’s society.
ICNP® Diagnoses of People Living with AIDS, and Empirical Indicators
Authors: de Souza Neto Vinicius Lino , Costa Rayane Teresa da Silva , Costa Danyella Augusto Rosendo da Silva , Belmiro Sâmara Sirdênia Duarte de Rosário , Lima Maria Alzete de , Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo da
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between the empirical indicators and ICNP® nursing diagnoses in people living with AIDS, as well as to identify the predictive indicators for the establishment of these diagnoses. Method: A cross-sectional study with 120 people living with AIDS, in a hospital in Northeastern Brazil, conducted from August to September 2015, following the steps: identification and validation of Empirical Indicators; preparation and validation of the ICNP® Nursing Diagnoses; and analysis of the association between the Empirical Indicators and the Nursing Diagnoses resulting from the two previous steps. To analyze the data, we used logistic regression. Results: 74 Empirical Indicators were identified, being 31 of which were validated. 55 diagnoses were elaborated and 19 were validated, of which 16 were associated with the Empirical Indicators, identifying 31 predictors. Conclusion: The diagnoses presented significant associations with the Empirical Indicators. In addition, it was observed that the predictive factors of these diagnoses involved the human responses and complications related to the disease, which should be considered during the care provided by the nurse.
Feedback on research results to healthcare professionals in the context of HIV
Authors: Palmeira Iací Proença , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde , Teixeira Elizabeth , Panarra Bruna Alessandra Costa e Silva , Almeida Ana Isabella Sousa , Carneiro Daiane Freitas , Galvão Sâmela Stefane Corrêa
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: Reporting the feedback on the results of a multicenter research for healthcare professionals that attend people living with HIV and AIDS in a Specialized Healthcare Center at Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. Method: Case report of the presentation and interpretation of research results, in 2015, totaling 25 participating professionals. The visual resource used was a data projector. Results: Participants reported the importance of the initiative, since, even though it is their right, feedback on research results is uncommon. Among the discussed issues, emerged the need for a culturally appropriate device for adequately strengthening educational practices carried out by healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Feedback on the research results enabled exchange of knowledge about the findings and production of new knowledge. In addition to achieving the social and ethical commitment of research, by promoting dissemination of results, enabling reflections on the reality in which they work.
The impact of the diagnosis of tuberculosis through its social representations
Authors: Gama Kamila Nancy Gonçalves da , Palmeira Iací Proença , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde , Ferreira Angela Maria Rodrigues , Ozela Claudia dos Santos
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify people’s way of acting after the diagnosis of tuberculosis, through their social representations about the disease. Method: Qualitative and descriptive study based on the Theory of Social Representations, in which 23 patients of a school health center in Belém, PA, Brazil, participated. The software ALCESTE was used to generate a class concerning the impact of the diagnosis in people’s lives. Results: The dimension of a new reality caused by the diagnosis of tuberculosis is linked with the image of dirt, (process of objectification) communicable/mortal disease that exclude, causing sorrow, despair and revolt (dimension of the affections), reverberating in the patients’ actions (dimension of action). Final considerations: global knowledge about tuberculosis, linking the knowledge of everyday life with the reified universe, pointing the multidimensionality of the phenomenon. The conclusion is that investing in the deconstruction of archaic beliefs about the tuberculosis that kills, replacing it with the curable tuberculosis, is necessary.
Spatial analysis on tuberculosis and the network of primary health care
Authors: Leal Beatriz do Nascimento , Mesquita Cristal Ribeiro , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataide , Oliveira Lívia Félix de , Caldas Rosinelle Janayna Coelho
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the spatial distribution of new cases of tuberculosis compared to the location of the Primary Healthcare Units that performed the compulsory notification. Method: ecological study conducted in Belém, Pará, with 5,294 new cases of tuberculosis notified to Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação for the period from 2010 to 2014. The cases were georeferenced using the software applications ArcGis 10.2 and TerraView 4.2.2. The techniques of Kernel density and global Moran geostatistics were used. Results: the incidence of tuberculosis cases did not vary significantly between the years studied, however there was a variation in incidence between neighborhoods. Health units that exhibited higher number of notifications can suffer great influence of migration from nearby neighborhoods. Conclusion: the spatial dynamics of tuberculosis associated with health services allows to know the areas with increased risk of tuberculosis and the density of notifications of health units.
Motherhood and HIV: reproductive desire, ambivalent feelings and a/an (not) offered care
Authors: Silva Clarissa Bohrer da , Motta Maria da Graça Corso da , Bellenzani Renata
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify in the scientific literature the feelings of women living with HIV in relation to reproduction and motherhood, as well as the care provided by health professionals regarding reproductive health as a right. Method: Integrative review carried out in 2017, in the databases LILACS, PUBMED, BDENF and SciELO Virtual Library. We analyzed 30 articles. Results: As feelings, the motivation for reproduction and self-care, fears, uncertainties and hopes were evidenced. As care, services that support reproductive decisions were evidenced, but, predominantly, the disregard for the desire and care incipience for reproductive planning. Conclusion: There is no comprehensive and humanized work on the reproductive issues of these women, either through the neglect of the desire and viability of gestation or by the incipient care to the ambivalent emotional experiences. There is a need to qualify the care model in order to configure it, in fact, as care, aiming at guaranteeing reproductive rights.
Hepatitis B and Delta: clinical aspects of patients in the Brazilian Western Amazonia
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Siqueira de , Silva Romeu Paulo Martins , Valle Suiane da Costa Negreiros do , Souza Rodrigo Medeiros de , Figueiredo Elisabeth Níglio de , Taminato Mônica , Fram Dayana Souza
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze clinical, serological, biochemical and hematological aspects in patients infected with the hepatitis B (HBV) and Delta (HDV) viruses. Method: cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study, performed with patients chronically infected with HBV and superinfected with HDV. Results: among the 112 patients selected, 74% were monoinfected with HBV (Group HBV) and 26% were superinfected with HDV (Group HBV+HDV). There was no difference in gender distribution. The average age was 36 years with standard deviation of ±12 years. The symptoms and signs presented a higher proportion in Group HBV+HDV (p=0.001). In both groups, most patients had non-reactive AgHBe. The records of biochemical and hematologic changes showed highest proportion in Group VHB+VHD Group (p<0.05). Conclusion: the study found that patients were in clinical stages of the disease different from those in the initial examination for monitoring their chronic condition. The clinical profile suggests greater severity of liver disease among the patients superinfected with HDV.