bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING AND TRAINING MODEL OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR CREATING DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Authors: Chupakova Anna Olegovna , Gudin Sergey Vital'evich , Khabibulin Renat Shamil'evich
Published: July 2020

The article highlights the significant increase of industrial capacities and automation of production, which requires taking effective management decisions by a responsible person. There have been outlined the important achievements of the scientists in application of the artificial neural networks in the various fields of activity and decision support systems involving the information analysis and processing with the results obtained. There has been proposed a review of publications on training artificial neural networks and on their efficient application in solving problems of classification, prediction and control. The most common structures of neural networks, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the methods used to create training data arrays have been studied. A comparative analysis of using various structures of artificial neural networks and the effectiveness of existing teaching methods and the prospects for their use has been carried out. There has been defined the most preferred neural network topology for solving problems of fire safety management at the production facilities as an active decision support system. Using the analysis results, the most common and effective training methods have been identified, application of which is appropriate for developing and training various types of neural networks. The use of the technology is well grounded for reducing the errors in data processing, the financial costs for ensuring security, as well as for possible using the neural networks in the decision support systems to optimize these systems.
Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Çeşitlerinin Kuru Koşullarda Verim ve Verim Performanslarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: KARACA ÖNER Emel , ŞEKER Tuba
Published: July 2020

Bu araştırma yerli aspir çeşitlerinin kuru koşullarda verim ve verim unsurlarının belirlemek amacıyla 2016 yılında Mayıs-Eylül vejetasyon döneminde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada tescil edilmiş yerli yedi aspir (Remzibey, Yenice, Dinçer, Balcı, Olas, Linas ve Göktürk) çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Deneme, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada, bitki boyu 82.37-107.6 cm, bitki başına dal sayısı 5.08- 6.93 adet, bitki başına tabla sayısı 7.28- 10.43 adet, tabla başına tohum sayısı 21.98 34.95 adet, tohum verimi 124.44-292.78 kg da-1, 1000 tane ağırlığı 38.31-50.29 g, arasında değişim göstermiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre; tohum verimi bakımından Dinçer, Remzibey, Yenice çeşitleri öne çıkmıştır.
Kuru Koşullarda Yetiştirilen Farklı Kinoa Çeşitlerinin Kaba Yem Kalite Özellikleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TEMEL Süleyman , TAN Mustafa
Published: July 2020

Yeter miktar ve kalitede yem üretiminin kısıtlı olduğu özellikle kurak ve yarı iklim bölgelerinde çiftlik hayvanları yeterli ve dengeli bir şekilde beslenememektedirler. Bu anlamda marjinal alanlarda ve kuru tarım sistemlerinde yetişebilen ve hayvan beslenmesinde yem kaynağı olarak da tercih edilen kinoa bitkisi bir avantaj olarak görülmüştür. İki yıl süreyle (2015-2016) yürütülen mevcut çalışma ile 10 farklı kinoa çeşidinin (Cherry Vanilla, French Vanilla, Mint Vanilla, Moqu-Arrochilla, Oro de Valle, Qhaslala Blanca, Rainbow, Read Head, Sandoval Mix ve Titicaca) kuru koşullardaki yaprak ve kuru madde oranları ile yem kalite performanslarının belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak kurulan denemede, yıllar arasında en yüksek yaprak, kuru madde, ham protein ve asit çözücülerde çözünemeyen lif (ADF) oranı 2015 yılında, kuru madde sindirilebilirliği (KMS), metabolik enerji (ME) ve nispi yem değeri ise 2016 yılında belirlenmiştir. Çeşitler açısından yaprak oranı, ADF, KMS ve ME içeriği önemli farklılık göstermiştir. Buna göre en yüksek yaprak oranı Read Head (%32.76), Mint Vanilla (%32.71) ve Oro de Valle (%31.68) çeşitlerinde belirlenirken, KMS (%73.75) ve ME (2.81 Mcal kg-1) içeriği Titicaca’da, ADF oranı ise Rainbow (%23.45) ve Qhaslala Blanca (%23.05) çeşitlerinde tespit edilmiştir. Sadece yıl x çeşit interaksiyonu açısından önemli bulunan doğal çözücülerde çözünemeyen lif (NDF) oranı ise en yüksek 2016 yılında yetiştirilen Sandoval Mix (%42.93) ile 2015 yılında ekilen Qhaslala Blanca (%42.70) çeşitlerinde belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak kuru şartlarda yetiştirilen tüm kinoa çeşitlerinin yüksek kalitede bir yem materyali ürettiği ortaya konulmuştur.
Farklı Dönemlerde Biçilen Buğday+Çavdar Karışımı Hasılların Besin Madde İçerikleri ile Verim Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: GÜNEY Mehtap
Published: July 2020

Bu çalışma, Van ili Karagündüz köyü ekili arazisinde yetiştirilen buğday+çavdar karışımı hasılların besin madde kompozisyonu ile kuru madde (KM) ve organik madde (OM) verim özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, hasıllar iki farklı biçim zamanında hasat edilmiştir. İlk biçimde buğday hasılı sapa kalkma, çavdar hasılı ise çiçeklenme sonunda iken ikinci biçimde, buğday hasılı çiçeklenme sonunda olup çavdar hasılı ise hamur olum döneminde biçilmiştir. Her bir biçim döneminde, her parselde ekimi yapılmış buğday+çavdar hasılının 1m2’lik alanından 5’er tekrar olmak üzere toplamda 10 adet örnekleme yapılmıştır. Kuru madde, nötral deterjan lif (NDF) ve asit deterjan lif (ADF) içeriği, ilk biçime kıyasla ikinci biçim döneminde artarken, HP içeriği önemli düzeyde azalmıştır (P<0.001). Her bir m2’den alınan örneklerde, KM ve OM verimleri sırasıyla ikinci biçimde (7289.86; 6264.55) ilk biçimden (4929.21; 4228.28) oldukça yüksek düzeyde elde edilmiştir (P<0.001). Van koşullarında buğday ve çavdarın karışım halinde (buğday+çavdar) ekiminin yapılabileceği, ikinci biçim döneminde hasat edilmesinin hasılların verim özelliklerini artırabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT – A CROSS-COUNTRY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: BODE Oana Ruxandra , SĂVAN Emanuel Emil , GICĂ Oana Adriana
Published: July 2020

Tourism is one of the main economic activities in many countries. The core idea of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of the economic impact of tourism in Romania, Spain and Turkey during 2000 - 2018. Thus, the aim of the present paper is three-fold. The first is to analyze the direct, indirect and induced contributions of Travel & Tourism to GDP in these countries. The second is to determine the impact of Internal T&T Consumption on GDP growth. The third is to measure tourism multiplier and tourism efficiency.
JEL Classification: O57, Z32
Authors: Mansyur M , Kartika Tina
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Content analisis. Metode ini membahas secara mendalam isi suatu informasi tertulis atau tercetak dalam media massa. Berdasarkan penelitian dan analisis yang di lakukan, menemukan bahwa kebijakan pencegahan Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) oleh Empat Provinsi Daerah sudah tepat dan mengandung perpsektif media komunikasi dan budaya didalamnya
COVID-19 salgını kapsamında turist yorgunluğunun turistlerin satın alma, tavsiye etme ve daha fazla ödeme niyetlerine etkisinin belirlenmesi
Authors: AKBABA Melda
Published: July 2020

Bu araştırmada COVID-19 salgını kapsamında turist yorgunluğunun turistlerin satın alma, tavsiye etme ve daha fazla ödeme niyetleri üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 495 kişiye anket aracılığıyla ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılım gösteren turistlerin yorgunluk ve buna bağlı olarak satın alma niyeti, tavsiye etme niyeti, daha fazla ödeme niyeti düzeylerinin düşük seviyede olduğu belirlenmiş olup turistler turistik faaliyetlere katılma noktasında en yüksek motivasyonel yorgunluk hissettiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Araştırmada yapılan regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre turist yorgunluğu bağımlı değişkenler turistlerin satın alma niyeti, tavsiye etme ve daha fazla ödeme niyeti tarafından açıklanabilmekte, turistlerin fiziksel, motivasyonel, duygusal, bilişsel yorgunluklarındaki artış turistlerin satın alma, tavsiye etme ve daha fazla ödeme niyeti üzerinde azalış sağlamaktadır.
The Role of Small-Scale Industries in Achieving the Sustainable Development: the Experience of India
Authors: Galistcheva N. V.
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the role of small scale industry in India in achieving the sustainable development. The author draws attention to the fact that the small scale industry promotion policy impacts significantly not only on decreasing the unemployment rate as well as long-term and youth unemployment but also on solving such acute social problems as poverty, famine, undernourishment and food insecurity, lack of quality education, gender inequality and the empowerment of women. The author pays attention to the evolution of small business in India in 1950-2010s. It argues convincingly that due to significant number of population as well as low-skilled labor on the one hand and limited financial resources on the other one small business has been considered to be a buffer between modern big business and the bulk of the population remaining outside it. The author considers the effectiveness of the industrial policy through the prism of stimulating small-scale industry and changing its place in the Indian economy. The author examines the activity of the The National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (NABARD) which is considered to be the most important institution which looks after the development of the small scale industries. The aim of NABARD was poverty reduction and development assistance (it’s one of the premier agencies providing developmental credit in rural areas). The article presents the definition of small scale industry in India both in terms of employment level and the investment limits as well as statistical data on number of units, its share in industrial production and exports and expansion of small scale sector in 2000-2010s. The author identified main problems facing cottage and small scale industries in India at the present time. The research is based on the systematic approach to the study of national economy using basic methods of scientific knowledge such as induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis.
Russian Foreign Ministry and the Reorganization of Russian Orthodox Churches Abroad in 1860-s
Authors: Pechatnov V. O. , Pechatnov V. V.
Published: July 2020

Based on the unearthed documents from the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, the article examines an interaction of Russian diplomacy and Russian orthodox churches abroad in the process of their reform in the early 1860-s. This reorganization was undertaken in context of the “Great reforms” of Alexander II and aimed at rationalization of the previous system of subordination of those churches to civil and ecclesiastical authorities in St. Petersburg. The architects of the reform initiated by the Tzar himself sought to create a unified system of subordination and financing of those churches with identical criteria for their personnel, their rights and duties vis-à-vis heads of diplomatic missions. Accordingly, the Russian Foreign Ministry became responsible for their operation and financing while in ecclesiastical matters they were to answer to the Holy Synod. Foreign Ministry and personally Alexander Gorchakov, as demonstrated in the article, played a leading role in the reform preparation and implementation conducted on an inter-agency basis with the Holy Synod, Ministry of the Court and Finance Ministry taking part. The heads of diplomatic missions and of the affiliated churches were also consulted in the process. The authors trace all stages of these complex negotiations that resulted in achieving a balance of interests between all the actors involved. The newly created system proved to be quite efficient and lasted till the end of the Russian empire. The reorganization revealed a state of the churches abroad and their clergy that was a crème of Russian Orthodox Church. The reform experience is also instructive as a case study of Russian government apparatus in action.
New challenges to the economic security of Russia and the world and counteraction methods
Authors: Zainullin S.B. , Zainullina O.A.
Published: July 2020

Subject. The 2020 economic crisis has become a global threat to the economic security of States, corporations and households. The elimination of this threat to economic security is a key priority of the State.
Objectives. The article is dedicated to factors of the current crisis, both individually and in aggregate, as well as forecasts of the economic development during the crisis.
Methods. The study is based on the scientific knowledge as dialectic, a combination of historical and logical unity, structural analysis, traditional methods of economic analysis and synthesis.
Results. We carried out the comparative analysis of crisis theories, forecasted the economic development of the IMF, the World Bank, the Audit Chamber, and considered analytical agencies in dynamics, taking into account adjustments when the crisis manifests itself. Counteraction methods are reviewed from theoretical and practical perspectives. The article also analyzed the international expertise in crisis management.
Conclusions and Relevance. The economic crisis was found to be at its initial stage, with negative scenarios being more probable. Proposed and implemented, local measures can mitigate the economic decline, prevent massive bankruptcies and a social explosion. Meanwhile, measures to restructure the economic policy may contribute to overcoming the crisis. The findings can be used by federal government bodies to adjust economic policies, develop programs and strategies for the socio-economic development of regions, and economic security strategies for corporations.
A rare phenomenon: blindness in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Singh Devinder , Patel Sitendu Kumar , Miree Roopdas , Pahari Sujit , Sharma Aman
Published: July 2020

Background:

Acute pancreatitis generally leads to complement activation, which mediates tissue injury and inflammatory cascades. Retinopathy associated with pancreatitis is rare but run a rapid course independent of disease activity leading to vision loss.

Case Presentation:

We present a case of 39-year-old man who had transient blindness associated with acute pancreatitis.

Conclusion:

This a rare presentation associated with pancreatitis which can lead to complete vision loss if left undetected and untreated.
The Implementation Of Critical Thinking In 21ST Century Learning For Islamic Education
Authors: Trinova Zulvia , Amir Dinasril , Andayani Pitri
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out how to apply critical thinking in 21st century learning in Islamic Education at SMPN 5 Gunung Talang, Solok. This research is a field research with qualitative descriptive methods. Based on research on the application of critical thinking in 21st Century learning in Islamic Education. The application of critical thinking is seen from the ability of students when thinking critically, students are more active and eager to ask questions, discuss in solving a problem or finding solutions to those problems
Community’s Response Toward The Study Program Of Al-Qur’an Science And Tafsir
Authors: Sati Ali , Anhar Anhar
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out how the community's response is toward the study program of Al-Qur'an and Tafsir at IAIN Padangsidimpuan. This research is a qualitative research which in collecting data it uses a phenomenological approach. Data collected is based on inner perspective of human behavior. The main data sources of this study were from Muslim community leaders and were selected by purposive sampling domiciled in Padangsidimpuan. The results found that the community emphasized that the vision, mission and objectives of the development of the Study Program of Al-Qur'an and Tafsir were truly directed towards strengthening scientific and methodological competence in understanding and interpreting the Qur'an. According to the community, the urgent curriculum content was, first, the linguistics of the Qur'an. The second is the sciences concerned the intricacies and various aspects of the Qur'an, which is commonly called ‘ulum al-Qur`an. The third is about the sciences related to the interpretation of manhaj (an approach and methodology of interpretation) that is classical, modern and contemporary. The fourth is the sciences related to the intricacies and various aspects of the hadits which are commonly called ‘ulum al-hadits. The fifth is the sciences related to the philosophy of science and research methodology. The sixth is the sciences related to social science and nature. These aspects are useful for understanding the social and scientific aspects of the verses of the Qur'an.
Effectiveness Of Village Fund Management On Increasing Community Welfare With Management Religiosity Behavior As Moderating Variables
Authors: Lubis Aswadi
Published: July 2020

Community welfare is one of the goals expected by each region including in Padangsidimpuan city. Based on data obtained the amount of poverty in Padangsidimpuan city experienced fluctuations from 2008 to 2015. The formulation of the problem in this study is whether there is an effect of the effectiveness of village fund management on improving the welfare of rural communities in Padangsidimpuan city. Does the manager’s religiosity behavior moderate the influence of village fund management by increasing the welfare of rural communities in Padangsidimpuan City? This type of research is causality research using quantitative data. The population of this study is the village community in the city of Padangsidimpuan with a total of 41 villages. Given the limitations of the author, the sample in this study was taken by 5 people from each village, namely 5 x 41 villages = 205 villagers. Data collection techniques used were questionnaires and data analysis conducted with Smart PLS. Based on the results, it was found the value of the village fund management pathway affected the welfare of the village community of 5.875 with a probability value of 0.024. Because the t-count value (5.875) is greater than critical t (1.96) at the 5% error rate, it can be concluded there is an effect of the effectiveness of village fund management on improving the welfare of rural communities in Padangsidimpuan City. And the t-count value of the manager's religiosity behavior trends moderates the relationship of village fund management to rural community welfare of 0.458 with a probability value of 0.031. Because the t-count (0.458) is greater than the critical t (1.96) at the 5% error rate, it can be concluded that the manager's religiosity behavior can moderate the relationship between village fund management and the improvement of the welfare of rural communities in Padangsidimpuan City.
Aktivitas Insektisida Campuran Ekstrak Air Buah Piper aduncum L. (Piperaceae) dan Batang Cymbopogon ciratrus (Dc.) Stapf (Poaceae) Terhadap Larva Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Lina Eka Candra , Supriadi Adventus , Yunisman Yunisman , Martinius Martinius
Published: July 2020

Crocidolomia pavonana is an important pest in Brassicaceae. Botanical insecticides is pest control alternative  which meet to eco-friendly manajement. This study aims to determine lethal concentration of single  and mixture of water extract of Piper aduncum (Piperaceae) fruit and Cymbopogon cirtatus (Poaceae) stem against Crocidolomia pavonana larvae. The study was conducted in laboratory experiment through preliminary test and advance test using a completely randomized design (CRD). Observations were included to larval mortality, antifeedant effect, and duration of larval development. Bioassay was done against second instar larvae of C. pavonana using leaves immersion method during 48 hours. The results show that LC50 and LC95 value of mixture extract are 2.83% and 5.79% respectively. Based on index combination analysis, P. aduncum and C. citratus mixture extract  were antagonistic at LC50  and additive  at LC95 . Water extract of   P. aduncum and C. citratus were relatively weak to influence feeding activity of C. pavonana larvae (41%). Mixture extract  also extend larval development from second instar to third instar  around 0.24 days and third instar to fourth instar around 0.97 days.
Biologi Penghisap Buah Helopeltis sp. (Hemiptera: Miridae) pada Buah Kakao dan Mentimun
Authors: Nelly Novri , Khairul Ujang
Published: July 2020

This research purposed to study biology of Helopeltis sp. on cocoa and cucumber fruits. Research was done in insect bioecology laboratory using direct observation with 10 replications for each fruit. Parameter observed were copulation (hours), preoviposition time (days), number of eggs, nymphals, and adult periods (days), Oviposition time (days), and post oviposition time (days). The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and compared with t-test. Result of this research showed that Helopeltis sp. could thrive in cacao and cucumber fruits. Adult of Helopeltis sp. longevity in cacao fruits was 16 days and in cucumber fruits was 13 days. The number of eggs product average 10-10.9 eggs/female.
Keanekaragaman Serangga Air di Sawah Konvensional dan Organik di Kota Padang
Authors: Hamid Hasmiandy , Martinius Martinius
Published: July 2020

Study on diversity of aquatic insects in rice is important to determine the condition of the rice fields. The purpose of this research was to study the community of aquatic insects in two difference cultivations (organic and conventional) and sub districts (Koto Tangah dan Pauh) in Padang City. Purposive random sampling method was used. Samples were collected by using water insect nets and water bottle traps. The results showed that the aquatic insects found in the study site consisted of 5 orders (Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Odonata), 16 families, 51 species and 3808 individuals. Aquatic insect populations in organic farming was higher (5 orders, 15 families, 48 species and 3089 individuals) than conventional (4 orders, 9 families, 20 species and 719 individuals). Aquatic insects found were acting as predators (3718 individuals), detrivors (7 individuals), and omnivors (83 individuals). The diversity indexes of aquatic insects on two locations were classified as medium but the diversity in organic cultivation was higher than conventional.
Evaluation of antidiarrhea and antimicrobial activities of methanol extract leaves of Gmelina arborea
Authors: Ajah O. , Omodamiro O.D. , Jimoh M.A. , Ewa-ibe C.
Published: July 2020

Since ancient times, plants have commonly been used in folk medicine for the treatment of various ailments. This work evaluated the efficacy of methanol extract of Gmelina arborea leaf as antidiarrheal and antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity was conducted using standard microbiological techniques and antidiarrheal activity of the extract was carried out with 24 Wistar rats which were randomly grouped into 6 (n = 4). Group 1 served as control and received distilled water (10 ml/kg), group 2 received Loperamide, groups 3 was administered 10ml/kg of castor oil only (negative control), group 4 through 6 received Gmelina arborea at different doses of 200mg/kg-800mg/kg respectively. Diarrheal was induced using oral administration of 10 ml/kg of castor oil. Animals were kept in separate metabolic cages with transparent plastic container beneath the cage to collect faces. Latency time, frequency of defecation, total surface of impregnation and fresh total stools weight were measured for 8 hrs. The results of the antimicrobial activity of Gmelina arborea leaf extract showed that Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli were the most susceptible strains to Gmelina arborea extract with zone of inhibition of 9.73±0.64mm at 1000mg/kg of the extract. The feacal drops at 2/3hrs was significantly different (p<0.05) in all the extract groups when compared to the untreated group, however the extract treated groups showed non-significant (p>0.05) difference when compared to the standard drug. The findings from this study suggested that methanol leaf extract of Gmelina arborea contain pharmacologically active substances with antidiarrhea and antimicrobial properties.
Mudança no sistema de contraste do português: entre codificação e inferenciação
Authors: Longhin Sanderléia Roberta Roberta , Ferrari Luísa
Published: July 2020

Neste trabalho, investigamos dois fenômenos de mudança que contribuem para a renovação do sistema de contraste em português: as construções complexas com ‘enquanto (que)’ e com ‘agora’. Filiando-nos a uma abordagem de mudança de fundo cognitivo-pragmático (TRAUGOTT; DASHER, 2002), que opera com esquemas cognitivos e contextos de uso, nosso propósito é oferecer uma explicação para as mudanças que levaram à reinterpretação de tempo em termos de contraste. Assumindo que as mudanças envolvem uma fronteira flexível entre codificação e inferenciação, analisamos as fontes temporais, os contextos e o tipo de contraste, à luz de um protótipo de juntor contrastivo. Em viés diacrônico, os dados mostram construções que experimentam codificação crescente no tempo e, em viés sincrônico, a convivência de construções com graus variáveis de codificação e inferência.
Cerebrospinal fluid fistula in a patient with chronic constipation related to an autonomic dysfunction and revealed by bacterial meningitis – A case report
Authors: Abboud Hilal , Kharbouch Hanane , Arkha Yasser , Choukri Mohamed
Published: July 2020

Background:

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula represents a rare neurosurgical entity that can be defined as a communication between the subarachnoid space and nasal fossa or less commonly the ear cavity. It can be spontaneous without an evident etiology or secondary following a skull base surgery or trauma. The early diagnosis of spontaneous forms remains a challenge as clinical signs (e.g., unilateral rhinorrhea) can be absent or neglected by patients and can result in meningitis.

Case Description:

Here, we report the case of a 31-year-old man with chronic constipation complicated by chronic intracranial hypertension, and resulting in rhinorrhea with bacterial meningitis. The etiological assessment of chronic constipation retained an autonomic dysfunction with sympathetic hyperactivity (e.g., pure autonomic failure) as an underlying cause. Beta-2 transferrin testing associated with cerebral magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan confirmed the diagnosis and localization of the fistula at the cribriform plate. The patient underwent an endoscopic endonasal approach with a repair of fistula. He presented with recurrent rhinorrhea 17 months later which required a surgical revision along with CSF diversion with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Conclusion:

Although rare, autonomic dysfunction can result in chronic constipation in young patients, with intermittent or permanent intracranial hypertension, leading to CSF leaks. The early identification and treatment of the underlying etiology may prevent severe complications and improve the management and outcome of CSF fistula patients.
Spinal meningioma in a patient with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gopakumar Sricharan , Daou Marc , Gadot Ron , Ropper Alexander E. , Mandel Jacob
Published: July 2020

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Multiple brain and spinal tumors have been linked to MS, but a causal relationship between the two has not been determined. Here, we report a case of spinal meningioma in a patient with MS and review literature discussing the possible connection between these two disease entities.

Case Description:

A 58-year-old female with MS presented with a 1-year history of progressively worsening back pain in conjunction with worsening right upper and lower extremity weakness. The patient was diagnosed with MS 19 months prior and had multiple known demyelinating plaques in her cervical spine. New MRI revealed an intradural extramedullary thoracic tumor with characteristics consistent with meningioma. She underwent T6- T8 laminectomies for tumor resection and pathology confirmed the radiological diagnosis. At 3-month follow- up, the patient reported complete resolution of her back pain and persistence of weakness-related gait issues.

Conclusion:

CNS neoplasms including meningioma should be considered in MS patients presenting with newly onset neurological symptoms not entirely consistent with demyelinating disease. Both disease processes should be addressed with appropriate long-term follow-up.
The use of hospital consumer assessment of healthcare services and the Press Ganey medical practice surveys in guiding surgical patient care practices
Authors: Mao Gordon , Gigliotti Michael Joseph , Dupre Derrick
Published: July 2020

Background:

Patient satisfaction questionaries have become popular in the past decade after the institution of the Patient Care and Affordable Care Act of 2010. This study evaluated whether the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Services (H-CAHPS) and Press Ganey scores improved after institutional changes to the rounding system.

Methods:

In the summer of 2017, utilizing H-CAHPS and Press Ganey scores, we asked whether switching from mid-level rounding providers to resident physicians improved patient care. Pre- and post-intervention groups, each lasting four quarters, were divided into care provided by mid-level personnel versus residents. For these periods, H-CAHPS respondent data were compared by a Chi-squared test (P < 0.05), while Press Ganey responses were analyzed with an independent samples t-test (P < 0.05).

Results:

Significant improvement was noted in patients answering “Definitely yes” in recommending our institution in both H-CAHPS and Press Ganey satisfaction surveys. Significant improvement regarding the speed of discharge, instructions for post-hospital care, and the overall rating of care given was observed in the Press Ganey responses alone.

Conclusion:

Significant improvement in satisfaction was noted in the Press Ganey responses regarding the discharge process and speed of discharge. The quality of this last encounter likely contributed to+ the significant improvement observed in both the H-CAPHS and Press Ganey Scores for an overall hospital stay and the percentage of those definitely recommending our institution.
An uncommon intramedullary tumor: Primary medullary cone melanoma
Authors: Nogueira Ricardo Malcata , Cardoso Luis Santos , Fonseca Lino , Branco Pedro , Correia Miguel , Roque Pedro , Araújo Catarina
Published: July 2020

Background:

Melanoma is the third most common primary tumor to metastasize to the central nervous system (CNS). However, primary CNS melanoma is very rare, and primary intramedullary melanoma is even less frequently encountered, with only 27 cases published in the literature. There are no pathognomonic imaging characteristics, therefore, the diagnosis must be confirmed immunohistologically and the preferred treatment is the gross total resection.

Case Description:

A 68-year-old male presented with low back pain of 2 months duration, and 1 week of urinary retention/anal sphincter incontinence. The neurologic examination revealed bilateral paraparesis (3/5 level) with bilateral Babinski signs, and a T10–T11 pin level. The lumbar CT-Scan showed a hyperdense intramedullary tumor arising from the conus medullaris. The patient underwent a D12–L2 laminectomy with myelotomy for gross-total tumor resection. Postoperatively, he regained motor function but the urinary incontinence remained unchanged. The diagnosis of a primary malignant melanoma was confirmed both histopathologically and immunohistochemically (e.g., staining revealed positive immunoreactivity for S100 protein and Melan A).

Conclusions:

Primary intramedullary spinal melanoma is very rare, and the diagnosis must be biopsy/operatively confirmed. Whether gross total resection is feasible depends on the extent of tumor infiltration of the cord/ adherence as well as the potential for clinical deterioration with overly aggressive removal.
Mechanical venous thrombectomy and prolonged infusion of tissue plasminogen activator for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: Video case report
Authors: Housley Steven B. , Vakharia Kunal , Waqas Muhammad , Davies Jason M. , Siddiqui Adnan H.
Published: July 2020

Background:

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare and often misdiagnosed condition with mortality rates ranging from 6 to 10%. Diagnosis and monitoring are typically achieved through noninvasive imaging, including computed tomography or magnetic resonance venography. The current standard of treatment is systemic anticoagulation. However, in patients who continue to decline neurologically or do not show sufficient response to or have absolute contraindications to systemic anticoagulation, endovascular treatments are an alternative. Endovascular options are poorly studied and specific devices have not been developed, partially due to the rare nature of the disease. Here, we present a case report detailing the treatment of extensive CVST from the vein of Galen to the sigmoid sinus using mechanical thrombectomy and local infusions of unfractionated heparin (UFH) and tissue plasminogen activator.

Case Description:

A 53-year-old man presented and was found to have extensive CVST extending from the vein of Galen to the left sigmoid sinus. Systemic UFH was begun; however, his condition continued to decline, and he was taken for endovascular intervention, wherein mechanical thrombectomy was undertaken using combinations of stent retrievers and balloon catheters, which provided acceptable revascularization. Unfortunately, his hospital course was further complicated by a cerebellar hematoma that was surgically evacuated and reocclusion of the sinus for which a microcatheter was placed for infusion of UFH and tissue plasminogen activator.

Conclusion:

Complicated CVST may require aggressive endovascular management. Local infusions of heparin and thrombolytic agents as well as mechanical thrombectomy are safe alternative options.
Alkyl Halides as Both Hydride and Alkyl Sources in Catalytic Regioselective Reductive Olefin Hydroalkylation
Authors: Chen Xianxiao , Rao Weidong , Yang Tao , Koh Ming Joo
Published: July 2020

Among the plethora of catalytic methods developed for hydrocarbofunctionalization of olefins to date, reactions that regioselectively install a functionalized alkyl unit at the 2-position of a terminal unactivated C=C bond to afford branched products are scarce. Here, we show that a Ni-based catalyst in conjunction with a stoichiometric reducing agent promote Markovnikov-selective hydroalkylation of unactivated alkenes tethered to a recyclable 8-aminoquinaldine directing auxiliary. These mild reductive processes employ readily available primary and secondary haloalkanes as both the hydride and alkyl donor, obviating the need for additional hydrosilane, acidic or basic additives. Reactions of alkenyl amides with ≥five-carbon chain length regioselectively afforded β-alkylated products through remote hydroalkylation, underscoring the fidelity of the catalytic process and the directing group's capability in stabilizing five-membered nickelacycle intermediates. The operationally simple protocol exhibits exceptional functional group tolerance and is amenable to the synthesis of bioactive molecules as well as regioconvergent transformations.
‘Whose Line Is It Anyway?’ Using Improvisation to Hone Library Employees’ Customer Service Skills
Authors: Decker Emy Nelson
Published: July 2020

Improvisation is an effective tool for developing actors’ skills. It is also a powerful tool for enhancing customer service skills in the contemporary academic, public, or special library environment. Interactions between library users and librarians / library staff can often be complicated and require excellent listening and communication skills. This article explores how improvisation training can help reinforce customer service skills while also enhancing team building, team cohesion, and interpersonal engagement skills for these library employees. Such exercises are not only enjoyable and entertaining for library employees, they also help develop essential skills which enhance their customer service interactions.
A Review on Insulin Formulations for Diabetes Mellitus Therapy
Authors: Chythanya C. Kutty  , Asha Spandana K M  , Amit B. Patil  , Gowda D V  , Mahendran Bhaskaran D
Published: July 2020

The insulin discovery during the past century is considered as the major breakout in the health sector. It is considered as lifesaving medication for T1DM and T2DM. In the advancement of peptide chemistry, pharmacology, cell signalling and structural biology insulin has played a central role. Natural human insulin secreted from pancreatic cells maintains the glucose levels in blood. Later on, for the treatment of diabetes mellitus external insulin was developed by various means. However, imitating same actions by natural insulin by external insulin was difficult. Various insulin analogues developed (rapid acting, short acting, long acting, intermediate acting) different blood glucose lowering action profiles. The physiological post-prandial insulin response is not adequately reproduced by the pharmacokinetic profile of rapid-acting insulin. Before the meals, lyspro and aspart, fast acting analogues can be injected which produce faster and substantial insulin peak. As it is difficult to produce a basal insulin concentration for controlling preprandial blood glucose Level with available long acting analogues, insulin detemir and insulin glargine was synthesized. This article covers the detailed study of human insulin and various insulin analogues developed.
Molecular docking study on quercetin derivatives as inhibitors of PantothenateSynthetase (PanC) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Premalatha E  , Dineshraj R  , Iyanar Kannan  , Bhaarath KS  , Sharavanan TKV
Published: July 2020

The anti-TB drugs currently in the use are insufficient to address these major health challenges. Hence, it is imperative to discover and develop new and efficient drugs against TB. The enzyme pantothenate synthetase (PS or PanC), necessary for the production of pantothenate (vitamin B5), critical components of fatty acid synthesis, when inhibited will in turn affect the cell wall synthesis of bacilli. In the present study, an attempt will be made to find the drug like molecules from quercetin derivatives prepared in silico to find out possible inhibitors of PanCof M. tuberculosis. The 3D structure of PanC was obtained from RCSB database and quercetin from ZINC database. The derivatives of quercetin were prepared and were docked initially with iGEMDOCK docking tool. The final docking was done in AutoDock vina software. The ADMET properties of the selected ligands were done in admetSAR online server tool. The present study revealed that four derivatives of quercetin has excellent binding with Pantothenate Synthetase (PanC) of M. tuberculosis. These derivatives can be taken for in vitro enzymatic assays for its inhibitory property in the search for new anti-TB drugs.
Computer vision based Comparative Studies on the Physicochemical Analysis and Bacterial Biota in Different Milk Samples
Authors: Karthikeyan V  , Gokul Priyan K  , Rajesh Siva  , Gopirajan P V
Published: July 2020

Milk is a complete food with high nutritional value. Milk is an important culture medium for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. This study focuses on the samples collected from the different milk distribution areas in MaduranthagamTaluk, South India. Fifty pasteurized milk samples of ten different brands were collected and physicochemical, microbiological analysis were carried out in both raw milk and pasteurized milk samples. The milk samples were subjected to physicochemical analysis such as Fat content, Clearance, Lactometric Reading, Clot on Boiling Test, Solid Non Fat and Acidity were calculated. The milk sample were also subjected to the chemical analysis for the Nitrogen content, crude protein content, Lactose content, ash content were also calculated Methylene blue reduction test has been used to test quality of the milk samples. These findings may be helpful to monitor the quality of the milk products in the market. It can provide an interest in examine the organic and inorganic content in milk. It is reported that all samples added with urea and few samples have sulphate. Raw milk showed inferior quality, processed milk have Low load of bacterial population.
Clinicohematological study of spectrum of myeloproliferative neoplasms in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sonal Gupta  , Sujata R. Kanetkar
Published: July 2020

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of disorders of hematopoietic stem cells which were initially recognised by William Dameshek in 1951. Objectives of the study were to diagnose and classify cases of myeloproliferative neoplasms according to 2016 revision of WHO classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukaemias, to study various haematological parameters of cases of MPNs (Peripheral smear findings, bone marrow aspirate and trephine biopsy) and their clinical manifestations, to record the cytogenetic/molecular genetic abnormalities of the cases and to categorise CML patients according to Hasford Risk Score as a predictor of prognosis. This study was a prospective study carried out in the Department of Pathology of a tertiary care hospital over two years from June 2016 to September 2018. The study included a total of 41 cases of MPNs. The cases of CMLs were diagnosed on peripheral blood findings, Bone marrow aspiration, Trephine biopsy Serum LDH and uric acid. CML was the most common MPN encountered (37/41; 90.24%) in the present study. Maximum serum LDH elevation was observed in CML cases with a mean value of 1396.6 U/L. Of the 37 CML cases, as per Hasford score, 17 cases were categorised into a low-risk group, 17 cases into an intermediate-risk group and 3 cases into a high-risk group. In the present study of Hasford score in CML cases, it was found that it helps in making a better-informed decision about the adaption of alternative high-risk treatment, and was of value in oncology practice.
A Study of Lipid Profile in Adults in Clinical Correlation with Anthropometric Indices
Authors: Vasant Deokar  , Aditya C Aundhakar
Published: July 2020

Fast industrialisation and Globalisation, with rapid progress on all fronts, has lead to the economic prosperity and modern lifestyle in India. It, in turn, is reflected as an increased prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases in the country. A cross-sectional study was done with 285 subjects. Majority of the subjects (61.1%) were in between 21-25 years. There was a female preponderance (68.4%). 145 (50.9%) and 61 (21.4%) were in the normal range and overweight respectively. It was observed that there were 95 (33.3%) cases of dyslipidemia. Significant association with dyslipidemia. The incidence of dyslipidemia altogether expanded with expanding BMI. There was a significant association of BMI with Dyslipidemia. Waist Circumference (WC), Hip Circumference (HC) and Waist Hip (WH) Ratio increased significantly with increasing BMI. There was a significant association of Anthropometric measurements with Underweight, Normal, Overweight and Obese BMI. There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and TG, while substantial negative relationship existed between BMI and TC and HDL. Dyslipidemia is very common in youthful grown-ups than anticipated. Blend of the way of life treatments, i.e., upgraded physical movement, dietary change, and remedial mediation would help us in treatment and the executives of dyslipidemia. Henceforth, mindfulness programs on attractive eating routine and regular screening of populace on occasional premise ought to be fused at the essential human services level.
Alzheimer’s Disease: Biomarkers And Future Targets For Drug Intervention
Authors: Reni P Paul  , Arul Balasubramanian  , Kothai Ramalingam
Published: July 2020

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive disorder and the most common types of dementia that develops in the elderly, characterised by gradual memory loss and cognitive skills of an individual. The neurodegenerative disease is characterised by intracellular settling of hyperphosphorylated tau protein like neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in the neuronal cytoplasm and extracellular settling of beta-amyloid peptide(Aβ). These changes lead to cognitive decline due to the loss of synapses and neurons involved in learning, memory and cognitive function. Amyloid precursor protein, presenilin 1, presenilin 2 and TREM2 are some of the genes involved in the development of the disease. The current treatment for AD is the cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and N-methyl D- aspartate antagonist memantine. Other recommended adjuvant therapy was vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acid, Mediterranean diet, and aerobic exercise. Diagnosis is based upon clinical presentation and imaging biomarkers. This review summarises AD biomarkers such as cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, circulatory biomarkers, inflammatory markers and oxidative biomarkers which are under study and the future targets of drug intervention. The amyloid-beta peptide, tau protein, and β-secretase may be the possible sites of drug action in the future.
Constitutional Perspectives on the Enforcement of Socio-Economic Rights: Recent South African Experiences
Authors: Olivier Marius
Published: July 2020

The forging of South Africa's constitution and Bill of Rights in 1996 was undoubtedly an important historic event.  This paper presents a fascinating discussion concerning the treatmentand methodology employed by South African Constitutional Courts in interpreting theConstitution and its Bill of Rights.  Particular attention is paid to the far-reaching judgment by theConstitutional Court in Government of the Republic of South Africa v Grootboom.  Inconcluding, this paper develops a non-exhaustive list of guiding principles developed from theCourt's approach.
Political and Economic Impacts of Brexit on UK
Authors: Mustafa Ghulam , Mazhar Hussain  , Adnan Aslam
Published: July 2020

Brexit is a term used to explain about the departure or withdrawal of Great Britain from the European Union. Brexit is a very important political development of recent political scenario of Europe. It has its impacts on the economic and political future of both UK and EU. The UK is enjoying membership of the EU from the beginning. But in mid of 2016 a referendum was held in UK to decide whether they should remain in EU or exit. The British people decide in favor of exit with a simple majority of 51.9%. After that referendum British Prime Minister David Cameron resigned and new general elections were held in 2017. Since the referendum the UK and EU are negotiating on an exit deal and the UK is due to leave the union on 29th March 2019. It will have its dimensions and implications. There are voices rose demanding a new referendum on the issue because many British people think that the Brexit is not good for UK. There are pro EU voices in European countries who also wish UK to remain part of this community. In this descriptive study ‘impacts of Brexit on UK’ has been discussed and economic and political dimensions have been observed by the researchers.