bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUCAÇÃO EMPREENDEDEDORA, EMPREENDEDORISMO: Uma breve revisão sobre o tema.
Authors: Felipe Martins Macedo LINS , Ana Karina Nóbrega ASSIS , Steffany Moura Silva , Kilma da Silva Lima VIANA , Erick Viana da Silva
Published: January 2021

Hodiernamente o tema empreendedorismo vem sendo muito trabalhado em todo o mundo, no Brasil, 70% dos brasileiros sonham em estar presentes nessa forma de buscar um novo método de conquistar independência e autonomia financeira. Todavia, nem sempre esse objetivo é concretizado. Desse modo, é importante a compreensão da formação empreendedora, do protagonismo estudantil e das mudanças organizacionais em instituições de ensino brasileiras para que se possa, ao longo do tempo fornecer aos profissionais em formação, os elemnetos necessários para potencializar um ingresso exitoso nesse espaço empreendedor. A partir dessa perspectiva, o objetivo desse trabalho foi fazer uma breve revisão dos principais autores da área. Esse trabalho faz parte de um plano de trabalho de iniciação científica, BIA, do Instituto Federal de Pernambuco – IFPE. A partir dos autores verificouse que uma longa jornada percorreu a educação empreendedora na história, dessa forma se difundiu em programas de formação, disciplinas e atividades de preparação, entretanto as investigações, por existirem diversas ramificações sobre o conceito, necessitam de mais estudos teóricos e empíricos. Nas últimas décadas, os estudos sobre “empreendedorismo” avançaram notóriamente em condições de visibilidade e relevância, porém o tema da “educação empreendedora” ainda necessita de um estudo mais aprofundado e sólido, capaz de se contextualizar e relacionar com pesquisas, que auxilie no seu amadurecimento e norteamento, e estimule a sua expansão de forma mais efetiva
Assessing the Media Literacy amongst the Students of University of Swat
Authors: Ahmad Waqar , Khan Sulaiman , Hassan Khayam
Published: January 2021

This research assesses the level of media literacy among the students studying at the University of Swat because understanding media messages is important in this era of advanced communication and swift media. This research collects data through a questionnaire randomly from 210 students, where the response rate remained 94 percent as 117 respondents were and 89 respondents were female from the University of Swat. The finding of the study suggest that students have moderate ability to analyze media messages but less proficient in understanding how media produce messages and also, they do not have the ability to analyze, and evaluate media monopolies and their tricks.
Women, Culture and Television in Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Adnan Malik , Niaz Babrak , Irtaza Sadaf
Published: January 2021

The basic goal of this study was to discover the cultural effects of television on women television viewers. The findings of the research study indicated the respondents' viewpoint. The majority was agreed to the point of view that television is the best source for new dress designs and dressing trends, and they also agreed that due to television exposure dressing style has been changed. Most of the respondents negated the point of view that television exposure is changing food habits. While when they asked television, exposure is affecting your language, then some respondents negated this point of view, and some quite agreed. Majority of the respondent negated this point of view that exposure to television is affecting their domestic events and celebrations. Most of the respondents were agree that television inspired them towards new fashion trends.
Effects of ventricular entry on patient outcome during glioblastoma resection
Authors: Young Jacob S. , Gogos Andrew J. , Pereira Matheus P. , Morshed Ramin A. , Li Jing , Barkovich Matthew J. , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. , Berger Mitchel S.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

Tumor proximity to the ventricle and ventricular entry (VE) during surgery have both been associated with worse prognoses; however, the interaction between these two factors is poorly understood. Given the benefit of maximal tumor resection, it is imperative for surgical planning and technique to know if VE has negative consequences for patient survival and tumor dissemination.

METHODS

The University of California, San Francisco tumor registry was searched for patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent supratentorial glioblastoma (GBM) who underwent resection by the senior author between 2013 and 2018. Tumor location with respect to the subventricular zone (SVZ), size, and extent of resection were assessed using pre- and postoperative imaging. VE was determined by postoperative imaging and/or the operative report.

RESULTS

In this 200-patient cohort of newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM, 26.5% of patients had VE during resection. Patients with VE were more likely to have preexisting subependymal disease (41.5% vs 15.0%, p < 0.001). Comparing patients with VE to those without VE, there was no difference in the rates of postoperative hydrocephalus (1.9% vs 4.8%, p = 0.36), ventriculoperitoneal shunting (0% vs 3.4%, p = 0.17), pseudomeningoceles (7.5% vs 5.4%, p = 0.58), or subdural hematomas (11.3% vs 3.4%, p = 0.07). Importantly, rates of subsequent leptomeningeal disease (7.5% vs 10.2%, p = 0.57) and distant parenchymal recurrence (17.0% vs 23.1%, p = 0.35) were not different between the groups. Newly diagnosed patients with tumors contacting the SVZ (type I or II) had worse survival than patients with tumors that did not contact the SVZ (type III or IV) (1.27 vs 1.84 years, p = 0.014, HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.08–3.03), but VE was not associated with worse survival in these patients with high-risk SVZ type I and II tumors (1.15 vs 1.68 years, p = 0.151, HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.26–1.34).

CONCLUSIONS

VE was well tolerated, with postoperative complications being rare events. There was no increase in leptomeningeal spread or distant parenchymal recurrence in patients with VE. Finally, although survival was worse for patients with preoperative subependymal disease, VE did not change survival for patients with tumors contacting the ventricle. Therefore, VE during GBM resection is not associated with adverse patient outcomes and should be used by surgeons to enhance extent of resection.

■ CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE Type of question: therapeutic; study design: retrospective cohort; evidence: class II.
Análisis facial fotográfico en la etnia Saraguro: Análisis de Powell
Authors: Llivigañay Jarro Karla Johanna
Published: January 2021

La estética facial es una de las preocupaciones en la población humana desde los inicios de la civilización, debido que la belleza es un sinónimo de salud y perfección para la sociedad.  Objetivo. Determinar los valores de perfil facial con fotografía utilizando el análisis de Powell de los adolescentes de la parroquia San Pablo de Tenta del cantón Saraguro-Loja, 2020. Materiales y Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal, con método cuantitativo. El universo consiste en 120 adolescentes, de las cuales solo 75 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se utilizó el programa de presentación Microsoft Power Point para realizar los trazos fotográficos. Conclusión: Se encontró diferencias significativas en el ángulo nasofrontal y mentocervical. El ángulo nasofacial y nasomental cumplieron con el rango establecido por Powell.
The System of Additional Professional Education of the University as a Platform for Implementation of the Federal Project «New Opportunities for Everyone»
Authors: Galikhanov M. F. , Kondratyev V. V. , Elizarov D. V. , Miftakhutdinova L. T.
Published: January 2021

The global task constantly represented in the documents adopted by the government is the breakthrough development of the Russian economy. The results of the “New Opportunities for Everyone” Federal project in the framework of the national “Education” project are aimed at developing human capital - a cross-cutting condition for achieving national development goals of the country (increasing life expectancy, accelerating technological development of the Russian Federation, ensuring accelerated implementation of digital technologies in the economy and social sphere, etc.). Additional professional education at Kazan National Research Technological University is considered as an integral and real part of the lifelong learning system. The University is actively involved in the implementation of the Federal project. For this purpose, about 20 additional professional development programs have been developed and implemented.
Open Educational Resources in the Development of Digital Learning Environment
Authors: Dneprovskaya N. V. , Shevtsova I. V.
Published: January 2021

During the period of the forced transition of universities around the world to the online education, the demand for digital free access services has grown. A unique opportunity has appeared to supplement and develop the theoretical and methodological provisions of online learning based on the analysis of the empirical results that characterize the relevance and effectiveness of the digital environment parts. The educational materials free available at the Internet are the part of the digital environment, which are combined into the concept of open educational resources (OER). The purpose of the study is to assess the relevance of OER for faculty, systematize the main ways of working with them, identify the motives and barriers for the development of OER by faculty. The study conducted among the lecturers at Russian universities showed the high importance and value of OER for their teaching and methodological activities to create and develop the training course content in digital environment. More than half of the faculty staff create and distribute their copyright materials on the Internet on their own initiative for the convenience of their students. The faculty and students freely exchange educational materials using a variety of web services. In conditions of increasing demands on faculty and content of training-course, OER is a valuable resource for educational activities. The analysis of the regulatory framework revealed a lack of OER policy in Russian universities, which is one of the barriers for lecturers to create OER. The results of the study made it possible to develop recommendations for the development of OER in the field of higher education: consolidate the concept of OER in the regulatory framework of education, provide methodological and legal support for the creation and use of OER by faculty, and conduct an information campaign to reveal the prospects and advantages of using OER in higher education.
Is Lecture as a Dominant Form of Teaching Dying?
Authors: Gubanov N. N. , Gubanov N. I.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the actively debated, difficult and for many teachers a painful problem addressing lecture as a dominant form of teaching. Nowadays, lecture is increasingly seen as an inefficient form of education, hopelessly outdated, with little interest and response among students, useless and, in principle, dying. The authors are firmly convinced that lecture was, continues to be and will be the main and indispensable form of instruction for the reproduction of an intellectual elite. To substantiate this position, the article presents an argumentation system that unfolds in three stages. In the first part of the article, the essence of lecture is revealed in the light of Randall Collins' theory of intellectual interactive rituals. The subject's intellectual creativity is conditioned by his personal contacts “face to face” with other intellectuals, as well as the position of this subject in the intellectual network. There is a demonstration that lecture has all the hallmarks of an interactive ritual, and it is its archetypal case, which ensures the transmission of cultural capital from the older generation of intellectuals to the young one. During this process, its successful participants feel surge of emotional energy necessary for intellectual creativity. In the second part of the article, the distinctive positive aspects of lecture are systematized and discussed, which together make it a unique form of training that gives indispensable experience to both lecturer and participants. The third part of the article, based on the real history of education and providing illustrative examples, is a kind of empirical confirmation of the first two parts. The article may be of interest to teachers, students, as well as anyone who is not indifferent to the current state of education in Russia.
How uncertainty influences decision-making effectiveness in conceptual ship design processes
Authors: Garcia Agis Jose Jorge , Brett Per Olaf , Erikstad Stein Ove
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Understanding how and why the development of conceptual ship designs sometimes become ineffective is essential for ship design firms. Our proposition is that in many projects, uncertainty influences negatively the effectiveness of the decision-making process. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to quantify the perception of uncertainty in conceptual ship design processes. METHODS: In this article, we propose a research model to study such a phenomenon. The research model is tested using multivariate regression analysis, building on a survey conducted among 23 shipping companies. RESULTS: Our model suggests that 14% ( R 2 ) of the variability in the effectiveness of decision-making processes in ship design can be explained by changes in the perception of uncertainty. We can extract three interesting insights from this research work for the ship design practitioners as to how to improve the effectiveness of their design processes: (i) put more effort into the contextual factors affecting the ship design process, (ii) improve the communication with vessel owners and other stakeholders, and (iii) improve the agility of the design process. CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to research on uncertainty in ship design processes by: (a) proposing an investigative model, (b) developing and testing a survey instrument and (c) running a multivariate regression analysis to study the effect of perceived uncertainty on the effectiveness of decision-making processes in conceptual ship design.
A novel method to predict the influence of rotor structures on the core loss of permanent magnet synchronous machines
Authors: Yang Guohui , Zhang Chengning , Zhang Shuo
Published: January 2021

Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) are widely used owing to high power density, high efficiency, etc. Core losses account for a significant component of the total loss in PMSMs beside winding losses. Therefore, it is necessary to consider core losses when designing PMSMs according to actual research applications. In this paper, taking four typical rotor structures (surface-mounted, embedded, “—” shape, “V” shape) as examples, an analysis method is proposed to predict the influence of different rotor structures on core loss of PMSMs. In the case of the same stator and winding structures, due to the influence of the rotor structure on the magnetic circuit, the corresponding variation law of the magnetic field in the stator core is studied. This method analyzes the radial and tangential components of magnetic flux density vector of the 4 representative points (stator tooth tip, middle tooth and yoke part), and then evaluates the entire core loss through finite element analysis results. In order to verify the method, a prototype was manufactured. The experimental results show good performance of the proposed method of this paper. It provides reference for selecting the appropriate rotor structure and designing the corresponding PMSM according to different specification.
Design and performance analysis of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor
Authors: Qian Junbing , Zhao Chengjun , Pan Nan , Xie Tao
Published: January 2021

In order to effectively control the vibration transmitted from the ground to the precision equipment, permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) can be effectively applied in the active vibration absorber systems due to its good characteristics. The design of a PMLSM is very important because of the special requirements of the damping system on the response speed, working temperature, working bandwidth and installation size of the PMLSM. In this paper, the multi-objective design problem of the PMLSM in vibration damping system is proposed. Based on the equivalent magnetic circuit analysis of the PML SM’s air gap magnetic field, the performance and design of the PMLSM are effectively analyzed in combination with the design objectives. The design and performance of the prototype meet the design requirements.
Based on machine learning scheme to develop a smart robot embedded with GMM-UBM
Authors: Chen Joy Iong-Zong , Hengjinda P.
Published: January 2021

Smart Robot embedded with GMM-UBM (Gaussian mixture model- universal background model) based on the machine learning scheme is presented in the article. Authors have designed a smart robot for the farmer and which is designed controlled by the concept of machine learning. On the other hand, the techniques of machine learning are applied to develop a smart robot for helping farmers recognize the environment conditions, e.g. weather, and disease protection in rice or plant. The smart robot is implemented to detect and to recognize the environment conditions around a fixed area. The sensing way through vision devices, such as camera, look like a human’s eye to distinguish various types of target. The QR code is deployed to simulate working conditions allows the robot to separate conditions and act according to conditions precisely. Besides, the smart robot is embedded with GMM-UBM algorithm for promoting the accuracy of recognition from the deployment of machine learning. The smart robot, mainly combines with AI (Artificial intelligence) techniques, consists of the following equipments: 1) a control movement subsystem, 2) a sensor control subsystem, and 3) an analysis subsystem. The researcher has determined the condition of the message options via QR code. In addition, the contents of the QR code tag will be processed a text message and saved to a memory device, once the reading is finished. The data analysis subsystem then reads the text and recommends the robot to move according to the specified conditions. The results from QR code data allow the smart robot to accurately collect many kinds of prefer data (e.g., climate data) in the farm at the specified location.
Fuzzy rough set based sustainable methods for energy efficient smart city development
Authors: Wang Xi , Chen Qinyi , Wang Jingyi
Published: January 2021

The lightening system inside the residential or commercial building consumes the highest electrical power. For an energy efficient smart city development, some sustainable and low power consumption methods need to be explored. In this direction, we proposed solar energy based auto-intelligent LED light controlling system that uses wireless sensor network (WSN) with computation and control model for LED on/off and dimming of LED lights inside the building area. The WSN is employed with some sensor devices that sense and gather ambient context information which is transmitted to computation model. LEDs get power supply from photovoltaic solar panel systems that have inbuilt battery banks. Fuzzy rough set is a simplification of a rough set, obtained from the normalization of fuzzy set in a approximation of crisp value. Fuzzy is utilized for analyzing the energy consumed in the system additionally. Performance evaluation of proposed Auto-intelligent LED system is carried out based on the comparative analysis of energy consumption of ac-grid system with solar energy based dc-grid system. Result analysis shows that proposed system saves 78% of energy consumption as compared to the traditional AC power grid system. The proposed DC power grid system presents 3% of voltage drop and maximum power loss of 1.25%. The statistics of battery charger and LED drives are also represented experimentally.
A dynamic grey target evaluation method with multiple reference points for new R&D institution performance
Authors: Lin Jiang , Jianjun Zhu
Published: January 2021

As a new business form of innovation and development, new R&D institutions are characterized by their focus on regional and industrial major technical needs, diversified investment subjects, diversified construction models, and marketization of operation mechanism. Their performance evaluation faces new problems and challenges. This paper proposes a new dynamic grey target evaluation model of R&D institutions’ performance in regard to four evaluation indexes, three reference points, and four stages. Aiming at resolving the multi-attribute dynamic decision problem with the attribute value being an interval grey number and the decision-maker’s weight information unknown, we propose the use of the close degree of grey incidence method to determine the index weight. Our approach revolves around three reference points: peers, development, and expectations. Value matrices of the three reference points are expressed according to the Cumulative Prospect Theory, which also determines the distance from the center of the grey target. Based on the Orness measure, we establish a multi-stage weight optimization model to calculate the stage weight and the comprehensive cumulative prospect value of each agency. Finally, we verify the validity and practicability of our method with the use of parameter sensitivity analysis, a comparison with other methods, and a case study.
Deciphering wintertime air pollution upon the West Lake of Hangzhou, China
Authors: Feng Rui , Huang Cheng-Chen , Luo Kun , Zheng Hui-Jun
Published: January 2021

The West Lake of Hangzhou, a world famous landscape and cultural symbol of China, suffered from severe air quality degradation in January 2015. In this work, Random Forest (RF) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are used to analyze and predict air pollutants on the central island of the West Lake. We quantitatively demonstrate that the PM2.5 and PM10 were chiefly associated by the ups and downs of the gaseous air pollutants (SO2, NO2 and CO). Compared with the gaseous air pollutants, meteorological circumstances and regional transport played trivial roles in shaping PM. The predominant meteorological factor for SO2, NO2 and surface O3 was dew-point deficit. The proportion of sulfate in PM10 was higher than that in PM2.5. CO was strongly positively linked with PM. We discover that machine learning can accurately predict daily average wintertime SO2, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10, casting new light on the forecast and early warning of the high episodes of air pollutants in the future.
Automatic scoring of Chinese fill-in-the-blank questions based on improved P-means
Authors: Wang Dong , Zhao Yong , Lin Hong , Zuo Xin
Published: January 2021

Chinese fill-in-the-blank questions contain both objective and subjective characteristics, and thus it has always been difficult to score them automatically. In this paper, fill-in-the-blank items are divided into those with word-level or sentence-level granularity; then, the items are automatically scored by different strategies. The automatic scoring framework combines semantic dictionary matching and semantic similarity calculations. First, fill-in-the-blank items with word-level granularity are divided into two types of test sites: the subject term test site, and the common word test site. We propose an algorithm for identifying an item’s test site. Then, a subject term dictionary with self-feedback learning ability is constructed to support the scoring of subject term test sites. The Tongyici Cilin semantic dictionary is used for scoring common word test sites. For fill-in-the-blank items with sentence-level granularity, an improved P-means model is used to generate a sentence vector of the standard answer and the examinee’s answer, and then the semantic similarity between the two answers is obtained by calculating the cosine distance of the sentence vector. Experimental results on actual test data show that the proposed algorithm has a maximum accuracy of 94.3% and achieves good results.
Telework and telerehabilitation programs for workers with a stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic: A commentary
Authors: Moradi Vahideh , Babaee Taher , Esfandiari Elham , Lim Shannon B. , Kordi Ramin
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, rehabilitation facilities have become less accessible for patients with a stroke. Lack of early, intensive rehabilitation misses the opportunity for recovery during the critical time window of endogenous plasticity and improvement post-stroke. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this commentary was to highlighting the benefits of telework and telerehabilitation programs for workers with a stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Relevant publications regarding the management of individuals with a stroke, telerehabilitation and teleworking in the setting of COVID-19 were reviewed. RESULTS: Previous studies showed that telerehabilitation can effectively provide an alternate method of promoting recovery for patients with a stroke. With the physical distancing precautions in place for mitigating viral spread, teleworking can also provide a method for long term recovery and improvements in quality of life after a stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this commentary addresses the benefits of physically distant, safe and effective alternatives to support individuals who live with a stroke during COVID-19 pandemic.
Coping on the inside: Design for therapeutic incarceration interventions - A case study
Authors: Wagenfeld Amy , Winterbottom Daniel
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Adjusting to incarceration is traumatic. An under-utilized strategy understood to buffer and counteract the negative impacts of incarceration are nature interventions. OBJECTIVE: Outcomes of an interdisciplinary design studio course focused on developing masterplans for a women’s prison in the Pacific Northwest (US) are presented. Course objectives included comprehension and application of therapeutic and culturally expressive design principles to increase the benefits of environmental design within a carceral setting; collaboration, developing a deeper, more representative understanding of how design processes can improve the lives of marginalized populations; and enhancing design skills, including at masterplan and schematic scale using an iterative process and reflection. METHODS: A landscape architect, occupational therapist, and architect teaching team, with support from architects and justice specialists facilitated an elective design studio course to redesign the Washington Corrections Center for Women campus. RESULTS: In a ten-week academic quarter, six student design teams created conceptual masterplans for therapeutic outdoor spaces at the Washington Corrections Center for Women. Students presented their plans to prison staff, current and ex-offenders, and architects and landscape architects in practice, and then received positive feedback. CONCLUSION: Despite well-documented need for and value of nature interventions to improve health and wellbeing for everyone regardless of circumstance or situation, the project awaits administrative approval to move forward to installation.
Addiction, recovery, and work: Surviving the daily grind
Authors: Suiter Sarah V. , Wilfong C. Danielle
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Employment is a predictor of sobriety for women in recovery from addiction, however, finding and maintaining employment is often a challenge. A number of interventions and a large body of research exist related to improving employment outcomes of women in recovery, but most fail to account for employment as an on-going, uneven process. OBJECTIVE: This study applied a longitudinal, qualitative design to explore employment experiences of women in recovery, as well as how those experiences interact with participants’ sobriety, health, and well-being. METHODS: Nineteen women from two residential recovery programs were interviewed four times over the course of nine months. Data were analyzed using longitudinal coding. RESULTS: Women encounter on-going struggle to find and keep employment, and multiple forces exacerbate this struggle. At the same time, positive work experiences described by some participants illustrate opportunities for the creation of new workplace structures that address employment needs of women in recovery while supporting sobriety and overall well-being. CONCLUSION: Understanding employment as an on-going process that interacts with addiction and sobriety in complex and multiple ways could contribute to improved employment and health outcomes for women in recovery.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among Iranian steel workers
Authors: Heidary Elham , Latifi Seyed Mahmoud , Afshari Davood
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is composed of a collection of risk factors for heart diseases and diabetes. In recent decades, metabolic syndrome has been identified as one of the important risk factors leading to the development of work-related diseases. OBJECTIVE: Since few studies have been conducted on evaluating the prevalence of MetS among Iranian workers, this cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the prevalence of MetS and the factors affecting it among Iranian steel workers. METHODS: This study was carried out on 510 employees working in a large steel producing company. The data pertaining to blood pressure, triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and demographic information were collected and the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) criteria were implemented to diagnose MetS. RESULTS: The prevalence of Mets was obtained equal to 13% and a significant positive relationship was observed between age and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. From among MetS elements, low HDL cholesterol and increased waist circumference were recognized as the most and the least frequently involved elements with 39.3% and 6.5% prevalence, respectively. Chi-square test was run and the results showed that the prevalence of MetS and some of its components rose at higher BMI values. It was also indicated that MetS and its components had no significant relationship with shift work. CONCLUSION: The current findings revealed that the prevalence of MetS increased with aging. Low HDL and high triglycerides levels were among the main risk factors for MetS. Therefore, considering these risk factors, it should be attempted to develop relevant strategies at workplace to encourage workers to go for a healthier lifestyle so that they can prevent the incidence of MetS.
Risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders of dentists in Kuwait and the impact on health and economic status
Authors: Alnaser Musaed Z. , Almaqsied Alaa M. , Alshatti Shaimaa A.
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders have become a great health issue among dentists. However, it is never been examined among dentists in the State of Kuwait. OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were to define the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) among dentists in the State of Kuwait, to identify risk factors for WMSD, and to explore relationships between WMSD and absenteeism/productivity. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to dentists at government, private, and academic dental clinics. RESULTS: A total of 186 questionnaires were returned (80% response rate). The results showed that 88 (47%) of responding dentists experienced WMSDs. Dentists self-reporting WMSD were older (36.4 (10.3) years vs. 32.6 (9.33); P = 0.01), in practice longer (11.7 (10.4) years vs. 8.2 (8.4); P = 0.013), and worked longer hours (34.9 (10.6) hours vs. 30.4 (11.5); P = 0.08) than dentists not reporting WMSD. A significant association was found between rating of pain and lost days from work (x2 (10, n = 85) = 20.96, ρ = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Dentists’ occupational procedures expose their bodies to prolonged and awkward postures, thereby subjecting the dentists to unnatural forces and stresses on crucial movement and functioning joints. Cumulative exposures to such postures lead to WMSDs. Generally, WMSD has a considerable impact on the health and economic status of the individual, family, and workplace. WMSD increases absenteeism and reduces productivity.
Assessment of the Impact of Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic on Educational System in Nigeria: Implication for Stakeholders
Authors: Suleiman Yusuf , Adam Ishola Mustapha
Published: January 2021

The spread of coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is a trending issue that has become a global threat to the development of all countries in the world. The disease has affected all sectors of the economy, including sports, education, etcetera. This study examined the impactof the Corona Virus on the educational system in Nigeria and its implication for stakeholders. The spread of the pandemic was analyzed using the reports emanated from reliable sources. The pandemic's effects include the closure of schools at all levels, delay in completion of an academic degree, risky decision making, rise in public and private partnership, online teaching, and students' learning outcomes. The implication for stakeholders includes the government's need to provide an up-to-date report on the pandemic's spread to protect institutions' inhabitants. School authorities should provide teaching through online platforms (Zoom, Skype, Whatsapp, Googlemate, Email, etcetera). There should be synergy between school management and parents to ensure that students receive the teaching provided online. Also, parents should assist their children by providing them the necessary gadgets needed for learning online. Moreover, the students should be taught precautionary measures that will enable them to stay safe for the post-coronavirus era.
Conhecimento acerca do Câncer Bucal e Atitudes frente à sua Etiologia e Prevenção em um Grupo de Horticultores de Teresina (PI)
Authors: Souza Lumena Raquel de Brito , Ferraz Kayze Duarte , Pereira Nayla Silva , Martins Márcia Valéria
Published: January 2021

Introdução: O câncer bucal é uma doença crônica de origem multifatorial. Sua prevenção e diagnóstico precoce são as melhores formas de aumento da sobrevida. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de informação acerca do câncer bucal e as atitudes frente aos fatores etiológicos e medidas preventivas adotadas por um grupo de horticultores, em Teresina-PI. Método: Os sujeitos do estudo foram 111 horticultores voluntários, pertencentes a seis hortas comunitárias da Zona Leste da cidade de Teresina-Pi. Foi aplicado um formulário constituído de 26 perguntas abertas e fechadas referentes ao perfil sociodemográfico dos sujeitos e ao conhecimento e atitudes frente aos fatores de risco e medidas preventivas relacionadas ao câncer, em especial ao câncer de boca. Os dados foram analisados através de análise de frequências, estatísticas descritiva e inferencial (teste qui-quadrado) com nível de confiança de 95% (p<0,05). Resultados: Observouse que, dos 111 entrevistados, 93 (83,8%) já ouviram falar sobre câncer bucal, 80 (72,1%) acharam que há cura e 72 (64,9%) que existe vacina contra o mesmo; dentre os fatores de risco, 103 (92,8%) relataram que se expõem aos raios solares, sendo a maioria (86,5%) exposta diariamente; e, entre as medidas preventivas mais utilizadas, está o uso de chapéu/boné (46,8%). Conclusão: A maior parte dos entrevistados já ouviu falar sobre o câncer bucal, mas não o conhece detalhadamente, muitos já haviam entrado em contato com algum fator de risco durante sua vida, sendo o mais frequente a exposição solar; e a maioria utiliza pelo menos uma medida preventiva.
Carcinossarcoma Uterino: Relato de um Caso com Invasão da Bexiga, Mimetizando Mullerianose com Transformação Maligna
Authors: Ogata Daniel Cury , Busato Wilson S. F. , Almeida Gilberto Laurindo , Pereira Neto Elisiário , Moreira Stefan Gerlach Braz , Santos João Vitor Quadra Vieira dos
Published: January 2021

Introdução: Os carcinossarcomas uterinos são neoplasias infrequentes, correspondendo a apenas 3-9% de todas as neoplasias ginecológicas, representam 48% de todos os sarcomas, e possuem incidência de 8,2 por 1 milhão mullheres/ano. As principais manifestações clínicas são o sangramento vaginal anormal em idade pós-menopausa e dor abdominal. Caracterizam-se morfologicamente por elementos epiteliais e estromais. Podem eventualmente invadir estruturas adjacentes, inclusive a bexiga urinária. Relato do caso: Apresentamos um caso de carcinossarcoma uterino com invasão de bexiga mimetizando mullerianose com transformação maligna. A paciente do sexo feminino de 69 anos apresentava hematuria macroscópica como queixa única. Durante a investigação diagnóstica, após cistoscopia com exame anatomopatológico, foi sugerida a hipótese de mullerianose com transformação benigna. A paciente foi então encaminhada para ressecção cirúrgica da neoplasia. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico, notou-se a existência de uma massa tumoral uterina que invadia a bexiga urinária, e, após análise anatomopatológica, mostrou tratar-se de um carcinossarcoma uterino com invasão vesical. Conclusão: Manifestações incomuns em doenças com grande potencial de malignidade, além de retardar o processo diagnóstico, interferem diretamente no prognóstico do paciente.
Coração artificial pneumático: seleção de materiais, fabricação de protótipo e ensaios hidrodinâmicos
Authors: Rocha JR , Turri F , Bock Eduardo
Published: January 2021

The number of heart transplants grows around 60% annually due to health problems that have been plaguing the world population. And, due to the lack of available organs, the waiting list increases and can reach months. Collaborating with this bleak scenario, there is a worsening of people's health with the evolution of heart failure. With the advancement of science and available technologies, devices have been developed to help or improve the quality of life of these patients, called ventricular assist devices, such as blood pumps and the artificial heart. This work aims at the bibliographical survey, design and manufacture of a device from its conception, selection of materials and manufacture. The evaluation methodology was based on hydrodynamic performance tests with fluid simulating blood in a closed circuit. The preliminary results point to a promising alternative for the market of this type of device with national and competitive technology. In future work, the artificial heart will be evaluated in trials with "in vivo" in animals and clinical trials.
Urânio Exaurido: Origem, aplicações e suas consequências
Authors: Poveda PF
Published: January 2021

Depleted uranium is almost entirely composed of the 238U isotope (uranium-238) and is a residue of the enrichment or reprocessing process of natural uranium to obtain the 235U isotope (Uranium-235), used in fission in nuclear reactors and bombs. Its high density (19,050 kg / m³), 67% higher than that of lead, makes depleted uranium a suitable material for various civil and military applications. In the civilian field it is used mainly as ballast in aircraft, boats and submarines and as a shield against radiation. In the military, it is used in projectiles (called "penetrators"), physical armor and artillery pieces in general. Such uses are controversial. Although it is less toxic than other heavy metals (such as arsenic and mercury) and weakly radioactive, due to its long half-life of about 4.5 billion years, it emits the equivalent of about 60% of the radiation emanating from the natural uranium, it has been proven, from several laboratory studies, that it is toxic to mammals, attacks the reproductive system and the development of the fetus, causing reduced fertility, abortions and deformities in newborns. Cytological tests show that, with chronic exposure, DU is leukogenic, mutagenic and also neurotoxic.
SIKAP DAN STRATEGI K.H. AGUS SALIM TERHADAP IDEOLOGI KOMUNISME DI DALAM TUBUH SAREKAT ISLAM 1915-1926
Authors: Santosa Yusuf Budi Prasetya
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the attitudes and strategies of K.H. Agus Salim against the ideology of communism which was within the Sarekat Islam in 1915-1926. The method used in this research is a historical method and the presentation of the research results is done in a descriptive-narrative. The results of this study explain K.H. Agus Salim who disagreed with the entry of communist ideology into the Sarekat Islam. The ideology of communism brought by Heenk Sneevliet to Indonesia, and by Semaoen to the Semarang branch of the Sarekat Islam, is considered to be able to organize Sarekat Islam and divide Muslims. K.H. Agus Salim carried out various strategies so that the communist ideology that was already in the Sarekat Islam could be eliminated. Various strategies were also carried out to thwart the development of communist ideology among members of the Sarekat Islam in particular, and Muslims in general.
Nuclear Science, Education, and Training at the Argonauta research reactor in Brazil
Authors: Carvalheira Luciana , Nunes Rogerio Chaffin , Ferreira Francisco José de Oliveira
Published: January 2021

This work presents the contribution of the Argonauta research reactor in the education and training of human resources in Nuclear Sciences. Since 1965, the Argonauta reactor, located at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has been offering theoretical and experimental classes to undergraduate and graduate students. Nuclear Physics and Reactor Physics are the major areas included in the classes provided by the Argonauta’s staff. Recently, Radiochemical classes were integrated in the program. The Argonauta reactor showed to provide substantial contributions to training and formation in the nuclear domain besides improving its capacity to develop know-how in the areas of Nuclear Science.
A caprichosa lição dos espíritos & a estranha loucura de Lorena Martinez: Uma poética humanista
Authors: Matos Bruno Sérvulo da Silva , Martins Benedita Afonso
Published: January 2021

Nazareno Tourinho, em sua trajetória como escritor, ensaísta, crítico e dramaturgo, desenvolveu seus trabalhos com consciência acerca de seu papel social. Homem de teatro e espírita, o dramaturgo, dentre inúmeras publicações, escreveu peças e ensaios com ênfase no espiritismo, cujo princípio maior é (nas palavras do próprio Nazareno Tourinho), transmitir a essência da doutrina espírita. Sob esse princípio, duas peças se destacam: A caprichosa lição dos espíritos (1997) e A Estranha Loucura de Lorena Martinez (1997), além de um livro teórico – Teatro Espírita (1990). Neste texto, dialogaremos com as peças supracitadas para estudo específico da dramaturgia teatral, tendo por base, o livro teórico deste mesmo autor e outros que se dedicaram ou ainda se dedicam ao tema. Neste artigo, apresentaremos conceitos relevantes sobre a dramaturgia e uma breve leitura dessas peças publicadas, cujos temas se adequam aos preceitos de uma poética artístico-espírita-humanista. A leitura se fará mais na compreensão artístico-humanística do que na doutrina praticada pelo autor.
Oil volatility pass through and real exchange misalignment in leading commodity exporting countries
Authors: Rubino Nicola
Published: January 2021

Past research has shown how real Exchange rates follow a univariate nonlinear process that approximates their behavior in terms of transaction costs. However, little or nothing has been said about alternative sources of nonlinearity in commodity exporting countries. Our paper investigates the missing link between the Real Exchange Rate Commodity Prices equilibrium by employing an oil price volatility measure as an external source of short-term fluctuations. Our estimates show that the Real Exchange Rate Commodity price relationship appears to be nonlinear with respect to oil price variation, and that the goodness of fit of the nonlinear specifications appears to outperform that of the equivalent linear models. The equilibrium speed of adjustment appears to be different in the two branches of the relationship: in the majority of the threshold models, the negative volatility regime presents a faster speed of adjustment and in some cases a most significant one.
Univerzalni temeljni dohodak
Authors: Tipurić Darko , Garača Željko , Krajnović Ana
Published: January 2021

Globalna ekonomska kriza uzrokovana pandemijom koronavirusa dodatno je potaknula interes za univerzalni temeljni dohodak (UTD). Zagovornici smatraju da UTD, osim što smanjuje razinu siromaštva i ekonomsku nejednakost, može biti koristan instrument za ublažavanje posljedica krize i istovremeno bitno uporište u izgradnji posve drugačije ekonomske i socijalne paradigme. UTD je onkraj ekonomskih politika i pitanje je moralne i društvene opredijeljenosti; on je istovremeno i program i ideal koji korjenito mijenja društvo osnažujući uzajamnu odgovornost i solidarnost, jačajući povjerenja u institucije. Primjena UTD-a postavlja pravednost kao uporište socijalne zbilje; povezuju se kategorije ekonomske i socijalne vrijednosti i narušavaju uvriježene pretpostavke o povezanosti rada, kapitala i blagostanja. U radu su prikazane osnovne značajke UTD-a i neke zapreke u njegovoj implementaciji. Raspravlja se o mogućoj ulozi koje temeljni dohodak može imati u promjenama u strukturi zaposlenosti i produktivnosti koje donosi Četvrta industrijska revolucija i navode se primjeri država koje su oblikovale pilot projekte prilagođenog UTD-a prema različitim modelima. Prikazane su kritike koncepta, između ostalih, da UTD narušava počela racionalnog ekonomskog ponašanja i intrinzični smisao koji rad donosi ljudima; problem zbog moralne aberacije odnosno neprikladnosti uloge države da potpuno preuzme odgovornost od pojedinca za pokriće nužnih troškova života; isto kao i problem golemih troškova koje države mogu imati u oblikovanju i provedbi UTD programa a što se u krajnjoj instanci reflektira u mogućem povećanju poreza ili inflatornim rizicima. Posebna pozornost u radu je posvećena pitanju ekonomske održivosti UTD.
Implication of expression of MMR proteins and clinicopathological characteristics in gastric cancer
Authors: Verma Renu , Sakhuja Puja , Srivastava Ritu , Chand Sharma Prakash
Published: January 2021

Introduction Microsatellite instability (MSI), referred to as variations at microsatellite loci, at mismatch repair (MMR) genes leads to the formation of an aberrant MMR system that fails to rectify errors occurring during DNA replication. MMR deficiency can be assessed by immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of mismatch repair proteins in the target tissues.
Methods We investigated the expression of four key MMR proteins (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor and normal tissues obtained from thirty gastric cancer (GC) patients. The association of clinicopathological features with MMR status was also analyzed.
Results A total of 12 (40%) GC patients exhibited loss of expression of MMR proteins, including loss of MLH1 and PMS2 in 3 cases and loss of MSH2 and MSH6 in 4 cases. Univariate analysis showed an association of loss of MMR protein expression with moderately differentiated GC. However, there was no statistically significant association between loss of MMR protein expression with gender, tumor location, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, WHO classification, lympho-vascular invasion, and infection with H. pylori.
Conclusion Our results implicate the role of mismatch repair proteins in gastric tumorigenesis. The MMR protein status is an important aspect of tumorigenesis and can be prescribed for the screening of GC.