bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD DENGAN PENDEKATAN RECIPROCAL TEACHING
Authors: Wahyuni Fitry
Published: October 2019

Abstract. This study aims to (1) improve students' mathematical communication skills through the STAD Type Cooperative Learning Model with the Reciprocal Teaching Approach in MTs Islamiyah Medan, (2) describe the process of implementing the STAD Type Cooperative Learning Model with the Reciprocal Teaching Approach at MTs Islamiyah Medan. This research is a class action research with 31 students of VII-2 MTs Islamiyah Medan subject. Instruments used include learning implementation observation sheets, mathematical communication observation sheets, and mathematical communication test questions. Implementation of the STAD Cooperative Learning Model with the Reciprocal Teaching Approach includes: (1) Initial Activities: the teacher conveys apperception and motivation regarding the material to be studied; (2) this activity: group work which includes Clarifying discussion, Predicting discussion Questioning discussion, Summarizing discussion, discussion of LKS questions, and group percentage; (3) Closing: the teacher together with students draw conclusions on the material that has been learned. After learning takes place there is an increase in students' mathematical communication skills. This can be seen from the results of observations of the implementation of learning an increase in the percentage from cycle I to cycle II amounted to 90.90% to 94.45% with a very good category of accuracy. Furthermore, the results of observations of students' mathematical abilities also increased from cycle I by 75.00% (good category) to 82.41% (good category) in the second cycle. This is in line with the results of a mathematical communication test that has increased after the second cycle, which is as many as 27 students or 64.52% of the number of students in class VII-2 has increased in total scores to good categories.Keywords: Mathematical Communication, Cooperative, STAD, Reciprocal Teaching.
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Purba Azrina
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of learning by using a realistic mathematical approach to the ability to understand students' mathematical concepts. This research is a quasi-experimental research. This research was conducted at MTs Islamiyah Medan. The research sample consisted of 50 students, 25 experimental class students, and 25 control class students obtained by cluster random sampling technique in class VII students. The results of the study explained that the average ability to understand mathematical concepts of students who use a realistic mathematical approach is higher than the average ability to understand mathematical concepts of students who use conventional learning. It can be seen from the average posttest score of students' mathematical problem-solving ability of 29.125 in the experimental class and 27.250 in the control class. However, the realistic mathematical approach model in the experimental class was significantly more successful in improving students' understanding of mathematical concept skills compared to conventional methods. Thus the learning of realistic mathematics influences the ability to understand the concepts of mathematical students (tcount = 3.91> ttable = 2.13). The conclusion of this study is that there is a positive influence on realistic mathematical approaches to students' mathematical concept understanding abilities.Keywords: Realistic Mathematics Approach, Understanding of Mathematical Concepts.
Los CaCCs: proteínas multifuncionales, de la fisiología a la enfermedad
Authors: Contreras-Vite Juan A. , Tellez-Arreola José Luis , Mondragón Suarez Jerónimo
Published: October 2019

Los CaCCs son proteínas formadoras de poros que se ubican en la membrana celular. Los CaCCs permiten el paso de iones a través de la membrana, lo cual es clave para una adecuada realización de funciones celulares y para el desarrollo de algunas enfermedades. En este contexto, se brinda una reseña del papel fisiopatológico de los CaCCs. La metodología empleada fue hacer una extensa consulta en U.S. National Library of Medicine-PubMed.gov. Los resultados encontrados indican que, a pesar del papel fundamental que tienen los CaCCs en el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas, en nuestro país se realiza poca investigación y difusión en este campo.
Migración intermunicipal permanente de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México 2010-2015
Authors: Pimienta Lastra Rodrigo , Toscana Aparicio Alejandra
Published: October 2019

Se estudian los movimientos migratorios intermunicipales de los 76 municipios y alcaldías que forman la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México (ZMVM). Partiendo de los planteamientos de Lee, los axiomas propuestos por Pimienta y los datos de la Encuesta Intercensal 2015 del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, los hallazgos encontrados muestran que los movimientos migratorios internos no han perdido vigencia, ya que entre 2010 y 2015 estas cifras fueron de 1 046 920 personas tan sólo en la ZMVM; los más importantes se tienen entre los municipios conurbados (41.3%), seguidos de los movimientos de la Ciudad de México a la zona conurbada (20.7%) y los menos de los municipios conurbados a la Ciudad de México (9.9%).
Autorreporte de enfermedades y patrón alimentario de adultos ≥ 50 años sedentarios vs. físicamente activos
Authors: Ramos-Jiménez Arnulfo , Hernández-Torres Rosa Patricia , Wall-Medrano Abraham , Juárez-Oropeza Marco Antornio
Published: October 2019

Se investiga la relación entre el nivel de actividad física (NAF) con el patrón alimentario y autorreporte de enfermedades en adultos ≥ 50 años del norte de México. Se les registraron presión sanguínea, dimensiones antropométricas, NAF (MET-min/semana), hábitos alimentarios y autorreporte de enfermedades a 200 participantes (50-80 años; 52% mujeres). Los resultados muestran que 25% es sedentario, 42% es activo moderadamente y 34% es muy activo. Los sedentarios presentaron mayor peso (+9 kg), circunferencia de cintura (+8.1 cm), número (+2) y variedad (10-23) de enfermedades que la de grupos activos (p < 0.05); el consumo de alimentos densamente energéticos fue menor en personas muy activas ( f ≥ 0.27). Las conclusiones muestran que un NAF ≤ 1 137 MET-min/ semana (bajo-moderado) aumenta el riesgo de enfermedades en personas adultas (r = -0.15 a -0.33).
Yağlık Ayçiçeği Üretiminin Ekonomik Analizi: Kırklareli İli Örneği
Authors: SEMERCİ Arif
Published: October 2019

Türkiye’nin

tarımsal üretimde arz açığı olan ürün gruplarından biri de yağlı tohumlu

bitkilerdir.  2016 yılında ülkenin yağlı

tohumlar ve türevleri ithalatı 3,4 milyar$, ayçiçeği ve ayçiçeği yağı ithalatı

ise 1,3 milyar$ olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Türkiye’nin 2017 yılında yağlı tohumlar

üretim miktarı 3,9 milyon ton olup, üretimden ayçiçeğinin aldığı pay ise

%50,56’dır. Aynı yılın verilerine göre Türkiye’de yağlık ayçiçeği üretim alanı

681.000 ha, üretim miktarı 1.800.000 ton ve verim ise 2,64 ton /ha’dır.  Trakya Bölgesi’nin Türkiye yağlık ayçiçeği

üretim alanındaki payı 2017 yılı için %49,26, üretim miktarındaki payı ise

%44,81 olmuştur. Araştırma alanı olarak belirlenen Kırklareli ili ülke yağlık

ayçiçeği ekim alanı ve üretim miktarı bakımından 5. sırada yer almakla birlikte

Türkiye ayçiçeği ekim alanlarının %11,46’sını, yağlık ayçiçeği üretim

miktarının ise %10,77’sini oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada ülkenin önemli yağlık

ayçiçeği üretim merkezlerinden olan Kırklareli ilinde yağlık ayçiçeği üretim

maliyeti ayrıntılı olarak irdelenmiş, özellikle fark desteği uygulamasının

üretici geliri üzerindeki yansıması incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın yürütüldüğü ilde Tabakalı

Örnekleme Yöntemine göre belirlenen 116 işletmeden elde edilen verilerle yağlık

ayçiçeği üretimi ekonomik boyutlarıyla incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Kırklareli

ilinde 2009 yılında yağlık ayçiçeği üretim maliyeti 1036,62$/ha,

ton başına maliyeti ise 572,72$, 2017 yılı için de bu

değerler sırasıyla 994,73$/ha ve 432,49$ olarak

belirlenmiştir.  İncelenen

işletmelerde 2009 yılında fark desteği uygulaması ile üretici gelirinde hektar

başına 251,72$ düzeyinde artış sağlamış, yağlık ayçiçeği gelirinde fark

desteğinin payı %21,73 olmuştur. 2017 yılında ise bu değerler sırasıyla 265,10$

ve %22,45 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Ancak yağlık ayçiçeğinde uygulanan fark

desteğinde birim fiyatları 2017 yılında 2009 yılına göre yaklaşık %14 oranında

azalış göstermiştir. Bu durum yağlık ayçiçeği üretiminden elde edilen geliri

olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir.
Sarı Pas (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) Hastalığına Dayanıklı Makarnalık Buğday Hatlarının Geliştirilmesi
Authors: AKAN Kadir
Published: October 2019

Sarı

pas (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), salgını (epidemisi)

oluştuğu yıllarda hastalığın şiddetine de bağlı olarak makarnalık

buğday (Triticum durum)’da özellikle hassas çeşitlerin verim ve kalitesini olumsuz yönde

etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmaya 2006 yılında Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma

Enstitüsünde farklı ıslah programlarınca geliştirilmiş 61 makarnalık buğday

hattının ön seçimi (seleksiyon) ile başlanmıştır. Bu materyal, sarı pas

hastalığının 3 baskın (dominant) popülasyonlarına karşı 2006-2016 yılları

arasında sera ve tarla koşullarında yapay ve doğal salgın (epidemi) şartlarında

test edilmiştir. Hastalık değerlendirmeleri Modifiye Cobb skalasına göre

yapılmış olup enfeksiyon katsayısı ≤20 olan

materyaller dayanıklı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma materyalinin

yetiştirme sezonlarına ve sarı pas hastalığı populasyonlarına göre hastalık

reaksiyonlarının değişimlerini görsel olarak değerlendirmek amacıyla GGE-biplot

analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucu

hazırlanan GGE-biplot grafiğiyle görsel olarak dayanıklı genotipler etkin bir

şekilde belirlenmiş olup yıllar üzerinden oluşturulan GGE-biplot grafiğinin PC1

ve PC2 eksenleri toplam varyasyonun %57,67’sini açıklamıştır. Grafikte en düşük

PC1 değerleri ile 0’a yakın PC2 değerleri seçilen materyallerin sarı pas

hastalığına dayanıklılığını en iyi şekilde açıklamıştır. Tüm çalışma

materyali, her yıl hastalığın dominant popülasyonlarına karşı dayanıklı olarak

belirlenmiştir. Bu hatlar, sarı pas hastalığı

dayanıklılık ıslahı çalışmalarında dayanıklılık kaynağı olarak kullanılabilir.
Tokat Kenti -Yeşilırmak Yakın Çevresinde Bulunan Rekreasyonel Alanlarda Kullanıcı Memnuniyetinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: YAZICI Kübra , ARSLANTAŞ SAĞLAMER Aslı
Published: October 2019

Bu araştırmada Tokat kent merkezinde

kent halkının en sık kullandığı Yeşilırmak yakın çevresinde bulunan

rekreasyonel alanlarının peyzaj öğeleriyle kullanıcı memnuniyetinin

belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 10 Ocak- 10 Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında yürütülen

çalışmada; basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemine göre örnekleme hacmi %5 hata payı

ve %95 güvenilirlikte 384 rekreasyonel alan kullanıcısı memnuniyeti

belirlenmiştir.  Kullanıcıların

demografik yapısı dışında konum, ulaşılabilirlik, manzara, donatı elemanları, plastik

objeler, arazi plastiği, tasarımı, bitki ve yabanı hayatı, etkinlik alanları,

sınır öğesi, klimatik faktörler, su öğesi güvenlik gibi parametreler gruplara

ayrılarak 62 adet rekreasyonel alanını doğru yansıtacak peyzaj öğeleri ile

ilgili soru yöneltilmiştir. Likert ölçeğine göre puanlanan soruların ortalaması

alınarak kullanıcıların rekreasyonel alanda memnuniyeti belirlenmiştir.

Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde IBM SPSS 22.0 programı

kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak kullanıcıların en fazla memnun oldukları peyzaj

özelliği grubunun konum, ulaşılabilirlik ve manzaradır. Rekreasyonel alanlarını kullanan 384 kullanıcının % 21,6 ‘sı hafta içi  %72,7hafta sonu ve %5,7’si ise hem hafta içi

hem hafta sonu kullandığı görülmektedir.
Durum Buğdayın Başaklanma Dönemine ait Bazı Fizyolojik Ölçümlerin Verim ve Kalite Özellikleriyle İlişkilerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: KIZILGEÇİ Ferhat , YILDIRIM Mehmet
Published: October 2019

Son yıllarda birçok araştırmacı spektral yansıma aletlerini

buğday bitkisinin bazı gelişim dönemlerinde tane verimi ve kalite özellikleri

arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemede yoğun bir şekilde kullanmaktadır. Bu araştırma

durum buğday genotiplerinin başaklanma döneminde bazı spektral yansıma aletleri

ile ölçülen değerler ile tane verimi ve kalite özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin

belirlenmesi amacıyla 2015-16 ve 2016-17 üretim sezonu boyunca Şırnak ekolojik

şartlarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada materyal olarak 2 ticari çeşit (Cesare ve Fırat

93) ve 7 adet ileri kademedeki durum buğday genotipi kullanılmıştır. İstatistik

analiz sonucuna göre, incelenen özelliklerin yıl, genotip ve yıl x genotip

interaksiyonu önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Araştırmada incelenen, tane

verimi 393.20-604.45 kg da-1, bin tane ağırlığı 22.98-47.96 g,

hektolitre ağırlığı 75.4-85.8 kg hl-1, protein içeriği %

14.96-20.45, yaş gluten % 27.36-47.55, nişasta içeriği %59.3-63.24, irmik rengi

(b) değeri 14.65-16.53, klorofil

içeriği (SPAD) 45-53.58, bitki örtü sıcaklığı (BÖS) 21.5-27.3, normalize

edilmiş vejetasyon farklılıkları indeksi (NDVI) değeri 0.42-0.85 ve yaprak alan

indeksi (LAI) değeri 2.85-3.68 değerleri arasında değişim göstermiştir.

Makarnalık buğdayın başaklanma döneminde ölçülen fizyolojik ölçümler ile tane

verimi ve kalite özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler yıllara göre farklılık

göstermiştir. 2015-16 ve 2016-17 üretim sezonlarında ölçülen SPAD değeri ile

protein içeriği ve yaş gluten arasında olumlu ilişkiler bulunması SPAD’ın ıslahta

kaliteli genotip geliştirmede seleksiyon kriteri olarak

değerlendirilebileceğini ve bu yönde daha kapsamlı araştırmalar yapılması

gerektiğini düşündürmektedir.
Bingöl İlinin Servi Yöresinde Geleneksel Yollarla ile Üretilen Ak Dut Pekmezlerinin Bazı Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ERGUN Muharrem , KALAN Cafer , SÜSLÜOĞLU Zahide
Published: October 2019

Ak

dut Türkiye’de daha çok kurutularak ve pestil yapılarak değerlendirilen bir

meyve türüdür. Ancak pekmezi de son yıllarda yöresel olarak da olsa üretilmeye

başlanılmıştır. Bingöl’ün Genç ilçesine bağlı Servi yöresi ak dut pekmezi

üretimi ile bölgede tanınır hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada Servi’de geleneksel

yollar ile üretilen pekmez örneklerinin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal içerikleri

belirlenmiştir. On iki tane pekmez örneğinde renk, toplam kuru madde, kül,

yoğunluk, pH, şeker, hidroksimetilfurfural ve toplam fenolik madde tayini

yapılmıştır. Pekmezlerin, şeker, özellikle früktoz ve glikoz; fenolik madde

içeriği bakımdan zengin değerlere sahip olduğu bulunmuştur.

Hidroksimetilfurfural miktarı son yıllarda işlenmiş ürünler için önemli bir

kalite özelliği olmuş ve limiti standartlar ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Üç pekmez

örneği hariç, tüm pekmez örneklerinde hidroksimetilfurfural miktarı TS 112001

Dut Pekmezi Standartlarının belirlediği sınırlar altında bulunmuştur. Pekmez

örneklerinden elde edilen veriler Servi pekmezinin kaliteli bir fonksiyonel

gıda ürünü olarak kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
Determinação do poder calorífico do carvão vegetal comercializado no centro da cidade de Patos-PB
Authors: Monteiro Mikaella Meira
Published: October 2019

O carvão vegetal é um combustível comumente utilizado para uso doméstico, para cozimento de alimentos e fonte de aquecimento em certas partes do mundo, especialmente África e o Sudeste Asiático. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a determinação do poder calorífico do carvão vegetal comercializado na região central do município de Patos, estado da Paraíba. Foi adotado um processo de amostragem aleatório com os estabelecimentos comerciais divididos nas seguintes categorias: supermercados (S), casa de carnes e/ou açougues (A), e conveniências (C) que comercializavam este produto vegetal. De cada embalagem foi obtido uma amostra de um quilograma de carvão vegetal para avaliar o seu poder calorífico superior (PCS), inferior (PCI) e útil (PCU). A maior média para o PCS é encontrada no frigorífico marca R1 (8160,45 kcal kg-1), nota-se que a menor média do PCS (7092,09 kcal kg-1) foi encontrada nessa mesma marca, no supermercado e consequentemente a mesma tendência para o PCI e o PCL. Isto pode estar relacionado com a idade, condições edafoclimáticas e condições do processo de carbonização da matéria prima de origem. Os valores de poder calorífico são muito variados entre as marcas e dentro do próprio estabelecimento comercial, indicando uma grande heterogeneidade do material avaliado.
Mini-laparoscopy with fast-track protocols for the cholelithiasis and hernias treatment
Authors: A. V. Malinovsky  , M. M. Galimon  , S. Y. Badion
Published: October 2019

The aim —to analyze the first results of the mini‑laparoscopic cholecystectomy (in comparison with standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy), mini‑laparoscopic repair of hiatal hernia and Nissen fundoplication and mini‑laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair of inguinal hernia combined with the developed fast‑track protocols.Materials and methods. Mini‑laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in 11 female patients, mini‑laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication was performed in 3 female patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease associated with type I hiatal hernia, mini‑laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair was performed in 1 patient with inguinal hernia.Results and discussion. All mini‑laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed successfully, without conversions, intra‑ and postoperative complications. The mean pain score next day after surgery was 2.6 points. The mean postoperative stay duration was 2.2 days. There were no intra‑ and postoperative complications after mini‑laparoscopic fundoplication. The mean pain score next day after surgery was 2.0 points. The mean postoperative stay duration was 2 days. There were no postoperative complications after mini‑laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair as well. The mean pain score next day after surgery was 2 points. Postoperative stay duration was 2 days.Conclusions. Mini‑laparoscopy can be successfully used for chronic calculous cholecystitis (and in some cases for acute cholecystitis), for small sliding hiatal hernias and GERD, and for inguinal hernias, with a good selection of patients and when they demand accelerated rehabilitation and cosmesis. Mini‑laparoscopy in combination with the developed fast‑track protocols reduces the length of hospital stay and the duration of early postoperative rehabilitation, reduce pain syndrome and improve cosmetic results.
Usage of full-thickness Keystone flap procedure in anterior abdominal wall reconstruction (case report)
Authors: I. P. Khomenko  , Ie. V. Tsema  , V. Yu. Shapovalov  , S. V. Tertyshnyi  , R. V. Gybalo  , S. V. Lugoviy
Published: October 2019

The postoperative eventration is one of the severe complications of abdominal oncological surgery, which complicates of postoperative course and leads to long‑term inpatient treatment, repeated surgery and forming laparostoma, filled with hypertrophic granulations. In spite of the numerous of surgical methods proposed for anterior abdominal wall wound closure in such patients, the anterior abdominal wall reconstructive operations keep to stay the difficult and unresolved challenge for abdominal surgery.The aim — to improve the outcomes of surgical treatment of severe patients with postoperative anterior abdominal wall defects (eventration) with full‑thickness Keystone flap procedure.The case report of the closing of anterior abdominal wall defect after chemotherapy complicated by intestinal bleeding, perforation, peritonitis, repeated operations has described in the article. The possibility of the successful multimodal reconstruction of anterior abdominal wall defects in oncology patient with using perforating vessels flap has demonstrated in the case report. The identification of perforating vessels with satisfactory tissue perfusion of Keystone flap with using of combine method (infrared thermometry and Doppler velocimetry) had been conducted in the preoperative period. The surgical debridement of the anterior abdominal wall, wound cavitation with low‑frequent ultrasound, wound closure with Keystone flap had been performed as the first stage of treatment. The midline laparotomy, the adhesiolysis, the sanitation and drainage of intestinal interloop abscesses, the right‑side hemicolectomy had been conducted as the second treatment step. The third stage of the surgery was closing of the midline laparostoma by means of the repeated surgical debridements of the anterior abdominal wall wound, the wound plastic with Keystone flap formed from the soft tissue of chest anterior wall.Conclusions. The successful closure of anterior abdominal wall eventration with forming laparostoma filled by hypertrophic granulations must be based on dynamic control approach of soft tissue perfusion of anterior abdominal wall.
Surgical treatment of diaphragm relaxation
Authors: M. S. Opanasenko  , B. M. Konik  , M. Yu. Shamray  , O. V. Tereshkovich  , L. I. Levanda  , V. B. Bychkovsky  , S. M. Shalagay  , V. I. Lysenko  , O. K. Obremska
Published: October 2019

The aim — to acquaint the pulmonary physicians and thoracic surgeons with the experience in the surgical treatment of diaphragm relaxation.Materials and methods. The data of 57 patients with a diagnosis of RD, from 2007 to 2015, were analysed. In 40 (70.2 %) cases, an open plasty of the relaxed diaphragm dome was performed. From 2015 to 2019 17 (29.8 %) patients had video‑assisted thoracoscopic diaphragm plasty. In 1 (5.9 %) case, an attempt was made to video‑assisted thoracoscopic plasty of the left aperture of the diaphragm and it was necessary to perform a mini‑thoracotomy (incision length 8 cm) to ensure adequate visual and palpatory control of the intestinal loops that were firmly fixed to the diaphragm. Among the patients studied, there were 32 women (56.1 %) and 25 men (43.9 %). The average age of operated patients was 61 years (from 42 to 75 years). The level of comorbidity among the studied patients was 100 %. The most common comorbidities were: obesity (39 (68.4 %) cases), cardiogenic pathology (48 (84.2 %) patients), diabetes mellitus (16 (28.1 %) patients), thyroid disease (13 (22, 8 %) of observations) and others.Results and discussion. The indices of the video‑assisted thoracoscopic plasty of the diaphragm are much better mainly due to one factor — the low injuries of this operation. With an open diaphragm plasty, patients felt a complete improvement after 2 months after the operation, but without emotional positive colour. Patients noted an increase in the breathing depth, but very often this effect was levelled by the pain severity. With the video‑assisted thoracoscopic diaphragm plasty, patients already reported about a significant improvement in breathing, the possibility of lying on their backs and not choking etc, on the second day after the operation. It became possible to offer surgery to patients of older age and with more pronounced comorbidities after a video‑assisted thoracoscopic diaphragm plasty introducing into the clinic practice. The number of postoperative complications with open diaphragm plasty was 10, with video thoracoscopic plasty — 1 (suppuration of thoracoport placement sites). There was no post‑operative lethality.Conclusions. Videothoracoscopic diaphragm plasty for its relaxation is characterized by a low level of injury and should be considered as the main method of surgical treatment for this pathology.
Dexpro as a strategy for rapid response to pain. what’s new about the known
Authors: Yu. Yu. Kobelyatskyi
Published: October 2019

New data are presented on dexketoprofen tromethamine, an isomeric form of ketoprophenum, which has proven to be an effective and safe analgesic drug, particularly during the perioperative period. The question of the beginning of anaesthesia — before or after surgery — is controversial. Most recent articles suggest starting a dexketoprofen tromethamine before surgery. One of the new routes for the introduction of dexketoprofen tromethamine is to use it intra‑articularly together with local anaesthetics for arthroplasty of the knee joint in the extended version through the intra‑articular catheter. dexketoprofen tromethamine is also used as a component of intravenous regional analgesia together with prilocaine. The scope of dexketoprofen tromethamine in various fields of surgery (spinal neurosurgery, dentistry and orthopaedics) is expanding.A great number of studies has been devoted to the study of the fixed combination of dexketoprofen and tramadol, which, thanks to the unique mechanism of action with the inclusion of monoaminergic mechanisms of antinociception due to the effects of tramadol, can significantly improve the effectiveness of anaesthesia.Completely new data were obtained in experimental studies showing the anti‑hyperalgesia effects of dexketoprofen tromethamine. Its ability to completely eliminate postoperative hyperalgesia in the first postoperative day was noted. In M. Gomez’s work the ability of the drug to prevent chronic postoperative scarring pain after thoracic surgery was noted.All of the above, along with the peculiarities of pharmacodynamics (rapid onset of effect, sufficient duration of anaesthesia, opioid‑storage effect), as well as the safety and good tolerability of the drug, suggests that dexketoprofen tromethamine is a promising analgesic for perioperative pain management in various fields of surgery.
Bina Vergisine Esas Rayiç Bedellerin Belirlenmesinde Yaşanan Sorunların Analizi:Kayseri İli Talas İlçesi Örneği
Authors: KARAGÖZ Nafiye İşıl , ARSLAN Metin
Published: October 2019

Bu araştırmada Kayseri ili Talas ilçesinde bina
vergisine esas rayiç bedellerin belirlenmesi sürecinde emlak vergisi
uygulamalarında karşılaşılan sorunların analizi üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu sorunların
analizi yapılırken; İnceleme yapılan taşınmazın fiili durumunun arsa, arazi ya
da bina olup olmadığı, beyan edilen inşaat sınıfının ve
bina bağımsız bölüm alanının doğruluğu, inşaat türünün, yapı ve inşaat
ruhsatına göre uygunluğunun analizi yapılmış ve bu sorunlara yönelik çözüm
önerileri sunulmuştur. Ayrıca bu çalışmaya tamamlayıcı katkısı olacağı
düşüncesiyle yoklama memurlarının karşılaşmış oldukları sorunların tespitine
yönelik anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada tarama, doküman analizi ve yerinde
inceleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, inşaat sınıfı, inşaat türü, kullanım şekli, asansör
ve kaloriferin olup olmaması durumları dikkate alındığında gerçeği yansıtmayan
bildirimler olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bildirimlerdeki eksiklikler ve hatalar önemli
oranda emlak vergisi kayıplarına neden olmakla birlikte, adaletli bir vergi
sisteminin uygulanmasını da zorlaştırdığı görülmüştür.  Kayseri ili Talas ilçesinde bulunan 106 adet
taşınmaz üzerinde yapılan bu araştırmada bildirim eksikliği ve hatalarından
kaynaklanan yoklama öncesi ve yoklama sonrası bina vergisi kaybının %63
civarında olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmada, belirlenen söz konusu sorunlara
yönelik çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir. Bu öneriler çerçevesinde bina
vergisine esas rayiç bedellerin belirlenmesinde yaşanan sorunların ortadan
kaldırılması için bina vergisi belirlerken bölgeleme yöntemine geçilebilir. Bu
yöntemde şehirler değer açısından belirli sayıda bölgeye ayrılabilir. Her bölge
için ayrı ayrı lüks, 1. 2. 3. ve basit inşaat sınıfları belirlenebilir. Her bir
taşınmaz için bildirim sırasında belirli bir süre geçerliliği olacak yoklamanın
yapılmasıyla vergi kayıplarının önüne geçilebilir. Adaletli vergilendirme,
vergi kaçaklarını önlenme konusunda objektif değerlemenin yapılması için,
gayrimenkul geliştirme ve yönetimi konusunda bilgi birikimine sahip, bu alanda
uluslararası standartlar doğrultusunda eğitim almış uzman kişilere görev
verilmesi kamu kurum ve kuruluşları için önem arz etmektedir.
Pentingnya Lingkungan dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Sari Muri Khamala
Published: October 2019

Lingkungan sangat penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia, dengan memasukkan materi lingkungan ke dalam pembelajaran diharapkan siswa dapat peduli terhadap lingkungannya. Guru juga memiliki peranan penting dalam mengatasi masalah lingkungan yang ada, guru harus mengembangkan kemampuan siswa untuk memahami, mengkritik, dan berpartisipasi secara rasional dalam setiap wacana tentang masalah lingkungan. Pendidikan tentang lingkungan dapat diimplementasikan ke dalam pembelajaran siswa dalam bentuk teks bacaan, observasi, pengamatan lingkungan dan melalui diskusi bersama.
Penidikan Lingkungan dalam Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Jasid Adhara
Published: October 2019

Pendidikan lingkungan sangat penting diajarkan di lingkungan sekolah. Guru bahasa memainkan peran penting dalam mengintegrasikan pendidikan lingkungan dalam pembelajaran bahasa. Guru dapat menggunakan masalah global sebagai konteks untuk mengembangkan keterampilan bahasa.
FAKTOR RISIKO PARITAS TERHADAP PERDARAHAN POSTPARTUM PADA IBU BERSALIN
Authors: Nur A Fahira
Published: October 2019

Perdarahan postpartum adalah perdarahan yang melebihi 500 ml setelah bayi lahir Bahaya perdarahan postpartum yaitu terjadinya anemia yang dapat memperlemah keadaan pasien, menurunkan daya tahan tubuhnya, dan menjadi faktor predisposisi terjadinya infeksi nifas. Komplikasi perdarahan postpartum segera berupa syok hemoragi (hipovolemik) dan kematian dapat terjadi akibat perdarahan yang tiba-tiba dan perdarahan berlebihan. penyebab perdarahan postpartum yaitu hipertensi, pre eklampsi, eklampsi, anemia berat, polihidramnion, grande multipara, dan persalinan lama. Perdarahan post partum juga dapat disebabkan oleh faktor langsung: Atonia Uteri, Perlukaan jalan lahir, terlepasnya sebagian plasenta dari uterus, tertinggalnya sebagian dari plasenta. Sedang faktor resiko perdarahan post partum adalah usia, paritas, anemia dan jarak lahir
HUBUNGAN ANC DENGAN KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Nur A Fahira
Published: October 2019

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) merupakan salah satu indikator untuk melihat derajat kesehatan perempuan. AKI merupakan salah satu target yang telah ditentukan dalam tujuan pembangunan millennium yaitu tujuan ke 5. Terdapat dua kategori kematian ibu yaitu disebabkan oleh penyebab langsung obstetri yaitu kematian yang diakibatkan langsung oleh kehamilan dan persalinannya, dan kematian yang disebabkan oeh penyebab tidak langsung yaitu kematian yang terjadi pada ibu hamil yang disebabkan oleh penyakit dan bukan oleh kehamilan atau persalinannya. salah satu masalah yang berdampak pada komplikasi kehamilan yaitu preeklampsia pada ibu hamil yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor risiko
Love and Power: Grau and Pury (2014) as a Case Study in the Challenges of X-Phi Replication
Authors: Machery Edouard , Pury Cynthia L. S. , Grau Christoper
Published: October 2019

Grau and Pury (2014) reported that people's views about love are related to their views about reference. This surprising effect was however not replicated in Cova et al.'s (in press) replication study. In this article, we show that the replication failure is probably due to the replication’s low power and that a metaanalytic reanalysis of the result in Cova et al. suggests that the effect reported in Grau and Pury is real. We then report a large, highly powered replication that successfully replicates Grau and Pury 2014. This successful replication is a case study in the challenges involved in replicating scientific work, and our article contributes to the discussion of these challenges.
The Cue-integrated Sense of Agency – as Operationalized in Experiments – is not a (Multisensory) Perceptual Effect, but is a Judgment Effect
Authors: Reddy Nagireddy Neelakanteswar
Published: October 2019

According to the Cue integration theory, the Sense of agency (SoA) is a resultant of both motor as well as non-motor cues, and these multiple cues are integrated based on their reliability or invariance estimate. However, the cue integration theory fails to make a distinction between perception and judgment, when it attributes (multisensory) perceptual character to non-motor cues like affect, effort, competition, fluency, familiarity, expertise, sleep, meditation, primes, and previews of actions, etc. Thus, my paper criticizes the experimentally operationalized cue-integrated SoA by arguing that: (a) there is uncertainty in the cue-integrated SoA experimental operationalization (making the participants prone to judgment effects); (b) the cue integration theory faces a problem of explaining how non-motor cues acquire interface, intentionality, and accuracy about agency; (c) the SoA reports are influenced by heuristic responding pattern (under uncertainty); (d) the cue-integrated SoA operationalizations had ‘inaccuracy standard’ for measuring perception of agency; (e) under certainty, the (nonveridical) SoA reports might not have occurred at all. This paper concludes that the reported heuristic responses (under uncertainty) of SoA can be parsimoniously accounted by compositionality nature of thought/judgment rather than the cue-integrated perception, and thus, the cue-integrated SoA reports are not instances of perceptions but are judgments.
Riders use their centre of mass to amplify crank power during non-seated cycling
Authors: Wilkinson Ross D. , Cresswell Andrew G. , Lichtwark Glen A.
Published: October 2019

When cyclists ride off the saddle during climbing and sprinting, their centre of mass (CoM) appears to go through a rhythmic vertical oscillation during each crank cycle. Just like in walking and running, the pattern of CoM movement may have a significant impact on the mechanical power that needs to be generated and dissipated by muscle. To date, neither the CoM movement strategies during non-seated cycling, nor the limb mechanics that allow this phenomenon to occur, have been quantified. Here we estimate how much power can be contributed by a rider’s CoM at each instant during the crank cycle by combining a kinematic and kinetic approach to measure CoM movement and joint powers of fifteen participants riding in a non-seated posture at three individualised power outputs (10%, 30%, and 50% of peak maximal power) and two different cadences (70 rpm and 120 rpm). Our analysis confirmed that vertical oscillations of the CoM occur within each crank cycle, with a peak-to-peak amplitude that increases significantly with power output and with decreasing cadence. Accordingly, the greatest peak-to-peak amplitude of CoM displacement (0.06 ± 0.01 m) and change in total mechanical energy (0.54 ± 0.12 J·kg-1) occurred under the combination of high power output and low cadence. Additionally, at the same combination of high power output and low cadence, we found that the peak rate of CoM energy loss (3.87 ± 0.93 W·kg-1) was equal to 18% of the peak crank power, which coincided with a near horizontal crank position (107 ± 10°). As a consequence, it appears that for a given power output, changes in CoM energy contribute to peak instantaneous power output at the crank, thus reducing the required muscular contribution. These findings suggest that riders can use the inertia of their CoM as a mechanical amplifier during non-seated cycling, which has important implications for both rider and bicycle performance.
Seasonal variability in the activity of common chronic liver diseases
Authors: Iluz-Freundlich Daniel , Uhanova Julia , Minuk Gerald Y
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: Seasonal variations in flu-like illnesses and vaccinations, vitamin D levels, alcohol intake, and sedentary lifestyles raise the possibility that seasonal variations exist in the severity of immune-mediated, alcohol, and obesity- or dyslipidemia-related chronic liver diseases, respectively. METHODS: We documented months–seasons in which biochemical evidence of disease activity is greatest in adult patients with common liver disorders. Months–seasons associated with peak liver enzyme levels in patients with largely immune-mediated disorders (autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis [PBC], and primary sclerosing cholangitis), alcoholic liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were documented from a hospital-based, liver diseases outpatient clinic database. RESULTS: Aside from a spike in the severity of PBC during July ( p < .005), no significant associations were found between months–seasons and peak liver enzyme activities in any of these liver disorders. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that seasonal illnesses or immunizations and vitamin D depletion, alcohol intake, and sedentary lifestyle do not significantly exacerbate common underlying immune-mediated, alcohol, or metabolic liver disorders, respectively.
Hepatocellular carcinoma screening practices among patients with chronic hepatitis B by Canadian gastroenterologists and hepatologists: An online survey
Authors: Lun Yau Alan Hoi , Galorport Cherry , Coffin Carla S , Ko Hin Hin
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: Expert guidelines recommend hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance among patients with high-risk chronic hepatitis B (CHB); however, physician screening practices are often variable. METHODS: An online survey of HCC screening practice was distributed to members of the Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests with p < .05 significance. RESULTS: Of 71 respondents, 86% ( n = 61) were gastroenterologists or hepatologists, and 72% ( n = 51) reported having been in clinical practice for more than 5 years. A significant number of survey respondents performed HCC screening without consideration of concomitant non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (50.7%); non-Asian, non-African ethnicity (46.4%); and family history of HCC (28.6%). Most (67.6%) performed screening with ultrasound (US) at the time of specialty clinic visits, 28.2% had an automatic recall system, and only 2.8% referred back to primary care physicians to organize screening. More than half (54.9%) included alpha-fetoprotein in screening. Obstacles to screening included lack of an automatic recall system (42.9%), patient non-compliance (30.0%), and limited US/MRI access (17.1%). CONCLUSIONS: HCC screening practices with hepatitis B patients vary widely among Canadian specialists, especially in unique populations with limited data to inform screening recommendations. Implementation of an automatic recall system could potentially increase HCC surveillance.
Surface mechanical attrition treatment of commercially pure titanium by electromagnetic vibration
Authors: Mansoor Muhammad , Awan Gul Hameed , Lu Jian , Ghauri Khalid Mehmood , Khan Shaheed
Published: October 2019

In the domain of incremental nanotechnology, surface mechanical attrition treatment has been seen as a significant technique to transform the surface of a material into a nano-crystalline layer, while preserving the surface chemistry unchanged. In the present study, a process was investigated to develop a nano-crystalline layer on the surface of titanium using an electromagnetic vibration system. The surface mechanical attrition treatment was carried out on commercially pure titanium for various durations (i.e., 30, 60, 90 and 120 min). The characterization showed that a maximum depth of 15 μm of nanocrystalline layer was obtained after 90 min of treatment. Further increase in time did not contribute towards development of any thicker layer. The crystallite size varied from 140 to 35 nm with increasing treatment durations. Tensile strength was increased from 645 MPa (untreated sample) to 711 MPa (120 min duration); however elongation was decreased by 43 %.
Study the Rate and Causes of the Screening Test of the Cervix Cancer Among Women in Ardabil City
Authors: Motavalli Roya , Mousazadeh Tavakkol , Mousazadeh Amir , Fallah Asadi Ayda
Published: October 2019

Cervix cancer is one of the most common cancers in women, particularly in developing countries and Asian countries that many science centers around the world consider the pap smear screening test as the best solution for the control of cervical cancer. Several studies have shown that to tend women for doing a pap smear is regularly decreasing, and about one-fifth of women have not had a pap smear. This study was done to investigate rate and causes of the cervix cancer screening test among women Ardabil. In this cross-sectional study, 300 women referred to health centers in Ardabil were selected by multistage sampling. Data were collected through a researcher made questionnaire. For data analysis, SPSS Software version 18 and descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The rate of cervical cancer screening test in this study was 48%. The role of knowledge as personal factors of pap smear screening test was significant statistically (p<0.05). Among the risk factors for cervical cancer, there was observed significant relationship between uterine diseases history and number of pregnancies and pap smear test (p<0.05). Of family and social factors on women's education and employment, occupation and level of education was no significant relationship with using pap smear test. However, there was a significant relationship family history of cancer and pap smear test (p<0.05). In all, prevention is always prior to treatment. One of the prevention ways is the screening test. Early diagnosis and early treatment of cervical cancer has a key role. So the female population needs planning by intervention programs for health education and regular screening to prevent cancer.
CARcinogen EXposure: CAREX
Authors: Yari Saeed , Fallah Asadi Ayda , Mosavi Jarrahi Alireza , Nourmohammadi Mohammad
Published: October 2019

Cancer is the second common cause of death worldwide and a significant ratio of all cancers is related to occupational and living environments. On the other side, cancer prevalence could be controlled and prevented via policies to improve occupational and living environments. However, a main challenge in prevention of occupational cancer is the lack of knowledge about the exposure rate and number of exposed persons. CAREX database, which is established by the program of Europe against cancer, provides information for the number of exposed persons based on country, carcinogen, and type of industry. CAREX is established in early years of 1990 decade by Finland Institute of Health (FIOH) in cooperation with IARC and European experts, as a tool for estimation of the burden due to occupational cancer in Europe, and shortly thereafter is expanded for use in almost 15 countries in European Union by 55 industrial groups. Several other countries have used CAREX for their countries and have provided some main progressions for the performance model. CAREX project in Canada was modeled in 2007, in an effort to develop a Canadian specific and advanced tool for assessing exposure to carcinogenic agents based on EU CAREX. In this model, not only occupational exposure, but also environmental exposure has been considered. Estimation of exposure with CAREX helps to inform primary prevention activities and to improve global occupational cancer, and its strength points are systematic nature, good coverage and ease of use, and can be used in other countries of the world.
Cancers Attributable to Infectious Agents: an Ecological Study in Asia
Authors: Khazaei Zaher , Moradi Yousef , Adineh Hossein Ali , Rezaei F , Sohrabivafa Malihe , Darvishi Isan , Dehghani Seyedeh Leila , Goodarzi Elham
Published: October 2019

Infections are a major contributor to cancer, especially in developing countries. Infections through the virus, bacteria and parasites are the most and most preventable causes of cancer in the world. The aim of the current study was to investigate the epidemiology of cancer-related infections in Asia. We considered 4 infectious agents classified as carcinogenic to human beings by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We calculated the number of new cancer cases in 2012 attributable to infections by country, by combining cancer incidence estimates (from GLOBOCAN 2012) with the estimates of attributable fraction (AF) for the infectious agents. AF estimates were calculated from the prevalence of infection in cancer cases for the infection (for some sites). According to data registered in 2012, about 14 million new cases of cancer were detected worldwide of which 2. 2 million people (15.4%) diagnosed with cancer due to infection. The highest incidence of infectious cancers related to the African continent with a prevalence of 27.6% followed by Asian continents (21.4%), America (7.9%), Europe (7.3%) and Oceania (4.8%), respectively. In the Asian continent, of all cancers associated with infection in males, 48.1% were related to Helicobacter pylori infection, 33.2% of hepatitis B virus, 8% of hepatitis C and 3.3% of HPV and in women 47.4% HPV, 28.7% Helicobacter pylori, 15.3% Hepatitis B and 4.5% Hepatitis C, respectively. India (230,000 cases) and Japan (140,000 cases) were the most affected, while Bahrain (86 cases) and Brunei (88 cases) had the least cases of infection-related cancer. in Asia, the most common cancer-related infection in males and females were reported for Helicobacter pylori and HPV, respectively. Therefore, with preventive interventions aimed at reducing these infections, the burden of cancers can be reduced.
First data on Sciomyzidae (Diptera) of Iturup Island (Kuril Islands)
Authors: Przhiboro A.A.
Published: October 2019

The first data are presented about the Sciomyzidae of Iturup, the largest of the Kuril Islands. A total of ten species are recorded. Limnia setosa Yano is recorded for the first time from Russia; Tetanocera montana Day and T. phyllophora Melander are recorded for the first time from the Kuril Islands. Photographs, comments on diagnostic characters and adult habitats of poorly known species are given.
Takaful, Insurer type and Efficiency: An Application of Parametric Approach
Authors: Asghar Muhammad Jam e Kausar Ali , Khan Abdul Zahid , Khan Hafiz Ghufran Ali
Published: October 2019

This study is conducted in two steps. Firstly, Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) is applied to estimate efficiency of the Takaful and conventional insurance firms in Pakistan from 2005 to 2010. It is found that life insurers are performing poor in comparison to general insurers. In addition, Takaful firms are found less cost efficient in comparison to conventional insurance firms. Secondly, the Tobit results imply that the size, investment and claim are found negatively related with the efficiency of insurance companies which suggests that larger size raise the cost of doing business whereas, due to financial crises the investment of large firms are also dropped. Moreover, improvement in minimum capital requirement is found fruit full both for cost and profit efficiencies. Therefore, it is suggested that the regulators should keep continue this policy to further improve financial health of the insurance industry.