bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Theoretical Conceptualization of the Hidden Curriculum in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Hozjan Dejan
Published: August 2018

The chapter is based on the presentation of an understanding of the hidden curriculum in the twentieth century. In this period, four theoretical concepts existed: functionalism, criticism, liberalism, and postmodernism. The starting point for the concept of the hidden curriculum was that of the functionalists. Their understanding of the hidden curriculum was based on the transfer of social norms and values to students. Representatives of criticism, for example, Michael Apple, Michael Young, carried the knowledge of functionalists to the concrete social environment and sought the reasons for social inequality and the role of the hidden curriculum in this. Also, liberal authors, such as John Dewey and Phillip Jackson, dealt with practical issues, being, however, interested in the impact of the hidden curriculum in educational practice. With postmodernists, like Michael Foucault, a critical view of the presented concepts is shown and a warning that the hidden curriculum takes place in a complex social system. This chapter explores a theoretical conceptualization of the hidden curriculum in the second half of the twentieth century.
The Implicit Pedagogy and the Hidden Curriculum in Postmodern Education
Authors: Jančec Lucija , Vodopivec Jurka Lepičnik
Published: August 2018

This chapter addresses everyday educational practices known as the “hidden curriculum” and the related term “implicit pedagogy” in today's dominant postmodern theory. It presents results of a survey with preschool and school teachers (N=813) in Croatia and Slovenia in selected three determinants of the hidden curriculum: empathy, personality traits, and preschool and school teachers' attitudes towards space characteristics. In addition to interesting results describing current conditions in these vital populations of institutional life of children, the chapter is getting closer to answering questions like: “What else do children learn in kindergarten and school?” “What affects children's learning, and is nowhere to be ‘measured' in the context of learning?” “Are the phenomena of hidden curriculum that we want to look at the same in the two neighboring countries, in the same groups of professionals?” This is, in the context of postmodernism and postmodern education theories, one of the crucial points.
Proposed Framework of Competences for Career Counsellors Employed at Primary Schools
Authors: Krmac Nina , Vodopivec Jurka Lepičnik
Published: August 2018

During the last decade, research and introduction of career guidance has been becoming an increasingly important need of contemporary society. This is highlighted by a number of documents at EU level that emphasize the development of counselling and establishment of career guidance with the aim of developing lifelong learning and of development of career counselling services in various institutions, especially in schools. The chapter is thus based on the formation of a competence framework for career counsellors employed at basic schools. The authors notice in the area of career guidance the surveyees put the competences in the forefront that refer to counsellor's interpersonal intelligence and the knowledge of enrolment procedures and of secondary school programs. Pedagogues have proved to be the occupational group the most competent to perform the job of a career counsellor. In the conclusion, the chapter presents a model of competence framework with six areas of knowledge, the competences following each other arranged by relevance.
Digital Image Analysis in Clinical and Experimental Pathology
Authors: Meseure Didier , Alsibai Kinan Drak
Published: August 2018

Conventional pathology using a light microscope is rapidly shifting towards digital integration. Digital imaging plays an increasing role in clinical diagnosis, biomedical research, and continuing medical education. Currently, pathology platforms are composed of clinical and molecular pathologists and engineers with the sole intention of investigating cellular and molecular basis of human health through applied research in disease aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Molecular diagnosis using technical advances and the application of specific biomarkers in clinical practice are the two main pillars of modern personalized medicine especially in oncology. Thus, it has become evident that accredited clinical and molecular pathology laboratories using digital imaging and advanced technologies can make the most of diagnostic and specific biomarker analyses as well as incorporating other key aspects of translational research and data analysis.
Certain Investigation Titles on the Segmentation of Colon and Removal of Opacified Fluid for Virtual Colonoscopy
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Gayathri Devi , Kishore B.
Published: August 2018

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a most important type of cancer that can be detected by virtual colonoscopy (VC) in the colon or rectum, and it is the major cause of death prevailing in the world. The CAD technique requires the segmentation of the colon to be accurate and can be implemented by two approaches. The first approach focuses on the segmentation of lungs in the computed tomography (CT) images downloaded from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) using clustering approach. The second method focused on the automatic segmentation of colon, removal of opacified fluid and bowels for all the slices in a dataset in a sequential order using MATLAB. The second approach requires more computational time, and hence, in order to reduce, the semiautomatic segmentation of colon was implemented in 3D seeded region growing and fuzzy clustering approach in MEVISLAB software. The approaches were implemented in multiple datasets and the accuracy were verified with manual segmentation by radiologist, and the importance of removing opacified fluid were shown for improving the accuracy of colon segments.
The Role of Information and Communications Technology in the Social Reintegration of Ex-Prisoners
Authors: Dores António Pedro
Published: August 2018

The development of information and communications technology (ICT) over the past few decades has been positively surprising. Prison development has also been surprising, in a negative way. Hardline policy positions towards crime and the expansion in the consumption of ICT products are contemporaneous. They are co-occurrences. What makes sense of this apparent contradiction is the way societies experience distinct dispositions depending on the issues they have to face. The same people are able to be optimistic, in relation to the positive use of computers, and pessimistic as to the possibility of the criminal-penal system being able to combat crime. Is it possible for society to experience a disposition in which punitiveness regarding prisoners is replaced by the hope of reintegration for those convicted of crime? The answer is: there can be a shift of the dominant disposition, but for that we must reshape the whole of this society into another.
Communication Media and Digital Literacy as Intervention Tools in Prisons
Authors: Contreras-Pulido Paloma , Aguaded Ignacio
Published: August 2018

In Spain, there are a few projects that link communication with social intervention in prisons. These projects have remained invisible to society, and similar initiatives taking place in other prisons were even unknown amongst themselves. It is not common to find radio, programs of digital literacy, magazines, or even television and cinema in prisons. These are activities that remain within the walls and come about from the restlessness of the educators who voluntarily produce them. The work presented comes about the doctoral research work that for 4 years explored these initiatives. Through qualitative methodology, based on the use of in-depth interviews, the authors give voice to 20 prisoners and educators that participate in these projects in Spanish jails. Without claiming to be representative, the results show that these activities can become a powerful tool for social-educative integration and personal transformation.
Communication Technologies for Social Integration of Inmates in Nigeria
Authors: Adikpo Janet Aver , Ugondo Peter Iorper
Published: August 2018

In recent years, political instability has resulted in the rising wave of unemployment, poverty rate, and insecurity, all which have attendant effect on the crime rate across Nigeria. Presently, the prison population is 68,259: a number which has soared from 44,450 in year 2000. Several reports on the activities of the Nigerian prisons services widely indicate that there is a disturbing crime rate. Going by these statistics, the focus of this chapter is on the use of communication technologies skills for rehabilitation and reintegration of inmates into society. Since communication technologies provide a unified learning process for knowledge sharing, prisoners need to have access to these new forms of information exchange. This clearly implies that inmates need info-communication skills to prevent recidivism. Using the backdrop of the Nigeria's prison terrain, the chapter recommends an overhaul of the prisons with a reliable information and communication framework.
IOT and Data Analytics Solution for Reducing Pollution, Accidents, and Its Impact on Environment
Authors: Shetty Chetan , Sowmya B. J.  , Anemish S.  , Seema S.
Published: August 2018

The goal of this chapter is to inspect and consider the answer for accidents and reactions to the accidents in the urban zones. Modules have been made to manage the colossal datasets and to bring interesting bits of knowledge into the outcomes. This is done by utilizing decision tree analysis.
IOT and Data Analytics Solution for Smart Agriculture
Authors: Sowmya B. J.  , Shetty Chetan , Cholappagol Netravati V. , Seema S.
Published: August 2018

This chapter gives the real-time solutions to the farmers by providing smart solutions for irrigation, disease monitoring, and decision supporting systems (which involves giving suggestions and solutions to the farmers by monitoring soil conditions, rain, weather, and overall quality of crop growth and the effect on the growth of the crop due to infertile soil or bad climatic conditions). These solutions are provided using the IOT and data analytics technology.
Through the Syrians Refuge in Turkey Towards the Creation of the War Migration Theory
Authors: Baran Aylin Görgün
Published: August 2018

Due to the fear created by the war and the problems that war has caused, most of the Syrian citizens have been displaced and started to migrate many countries of the world. Countries like Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan, which are the closest neighbors, feel the intensity of this migration, but the problem has also spread to Europe. Although the number of Syrian refugees has not known clearly, more than 3.5 million people are located in Turkey and Lebanon. In this study, it is aimed to develop an analysis through “war migration”, by focusing on the international links of migration. In this context, a theoretical experiment has been carried out that takes macro, meso and micro elements of immigration into consideration through the theory of migration systems and theory of relationship networks, therefore, a theoretical experiment has been made which reveals the links of war migration.
Thinking Transnationally
Authors: Sánchez Margarita María
Published: August 2018

Wagner College is participating in a ground-breaking project that brings migrant families together after years of separation. This project has been not only inspirational for both faculty members and students, but is also a great opportunity to learn about forced migration and alternatives to keep families together. The “Transnational Project: San Jerónimo Xayacatlán-Port Richmond” was created to connect communities in both the United States and Mexico and to preserve their cultural identities that have been threatened by forced migration. In this chapter, I would like to present the project focusing on three aspects: the history of the project, the individual stories of members who migrated and of those who stayed in their homeland, and the impact of this educational opportunity in the classroom. I will use a series of interviews with the members of Ñani Migrante (the group formed by the members of both the San Jerónimo and the Port Richmond communities), the presentations of both panels that took place at Wagner College, and the reflections of students who attended them.
Is Turkey Well Prepared for the Integration of Immigrants?
Authors: Fındık Leyla Yılmaz
Published: August 2018

Immigration is an important feature of many societies and it has wide ranging effects on the education systems of hosting countries. The rapid growth in the number of immigrants in Turkey, has transformed the education system. The objective of the study it to outline the present position of immigrants and provide an overview of immigration phenomena in Turkey since 2011. The study also aims to review immigrants in Turkish higher education and discuss potential problems immigrant students may have during integration process. The study elaborates policies and measures to improve the integration process for potential candidates of higher education. Immigrants may have various challenges in integration process to education as well as to higher education. The article also tries to emphasize that immigrants does not only bring challenges but possess a wealth of cultural resources and competencies enabling a diverse and global society.
The Problems That School Administrators and Syrian Teachers Encounter During the Educational Process of Syrian Refugee Children
Authors: Erçetin Şefika Şule , Potas Nihan , Açıkalın Şuay Nilhan
Published: August 2018

The aim of the study is to determine the problems that school administrators and Syrian Teachers encounter during the educational process of Syrian Refugee Children continuing their education in basic education institutions Ankara-Altındağ province. So as to identify and diagnose in detail the views of the school administrators and Syrian teachers in basic education institutions regarding the problems they face while teaching Syrian refugee and asylum-seeking children, the research was designed using a qualitative pattern. Syrian teachers who migrated to Turkey from Syria and Turkish school administrators who work in four primary schools; Fatih Sultan Mehmet Primary School, Nazife Hatun Primary School, Şili Primary School and Taşça Primary School, affiliated to the General Directorate of Primary Education of Altındağ district of Ankara province, constituted the population of the research. The interviews were conducted on a voluntary basis with four school principals and 16 teachers from among the 86 Syrian teachers who are working in these schools.
War-Induced Immigration and Education
Authors: Tunç Binali , Can Çiğdem Zeynep
Published: August 2018

This study aims to make clear the matter at hand that of the educational status of the Syrian refugees in Turkey. Turkey has become one of the countries that felt the impact of the war in Syria the most. In a very short period of time 1.5 million students have been added to the current 20 million students. The interviews were conducted by researchers using a semi structured form concurrent with the qualitative research pattern. The interviewees were asked questions under three main headings: Interviewees' educational background, current educational process in Turkey, and their plans about the future, their criticisms and suggestions. One of the significant points made in the study is the inadequacy to provide all citizens with educational opportunities equally. The most common struggle refugees' face is communication due to the “language barrier”. The most important reason behind Syrians having poor attendance is the uncertainty in their lives and economic struggles.
Turkey's Basic Education Policies for Syrian Refugees Under Temporary Protection
Authors: İli Kenan
Published: August 2018

Migration and asylum are common historical facts in our geography. Therefore, Turkey faces one of the greatest migration movements of its history. The number of asylum seekers exceeding the estimates, uncertainty of the asylum period and a greatly uncertain process necessitate attaching great importance to education dimension of the problem. The problem of Syrian asylum seekers whose official number is approaching 3 million as of February 2017 creates extraordinary conditions for Turkey. The effect of this situation is reflected in the decisions taken in the field of education. In this context, Turkey started educational campaign by taking important decisions on the education for Syrian neighbors who have strong cultural ties with Turkey and take refuge in her in the face of tragedy they suffered. The primary goal of this study is to evaluate Turkey's policies and practices for Syrian students within the scope of temporary protection.
The Mass Incarceration of Undocumented Latinos/as in the Prison-Immigration Industrial Complex
Authors: Velasquez Roberto Jose
Published: August 2018

In this chapter, the authors discuss the current mass incarceration of Latinos/as in the United States. While Latinos/as have always been overrepresented in the criminal justice system, especially in relation to their population size, the number of Latinos/as, especially those who are undocumented, is now increasing at epidemic proportions in prison. Paralleling the Black experience about mass incarceration, which has its historical roots in slavery, the authors discuss impact of mass incarceration on the Latino/a community, and how mass incarceration places the Latino/a population at-risk for destruction of its community, most notably the family. The authors, who are primarily mental health professionals, share their concerns about how mass incarceration is tearing at the foundation of this community as it has in the African American community and is likely to have negative long-term, and perhaps permanent, effects that are yet to be known. While it is beyond of the scope of the chapter to discuss the specific assessment and treatment of Latino/a persons affected by mass incarceration, the authors do focus on problems that are arising in this community as a result of persons, especially parents, being incarceration because of undocumented status in the United States.
Refugees or Migrants
Authors: Pitsou Anastasia
Published: August 2018

As refugees / immigrants are forced to cross the border, the member states of European Union are trying to manage mobile populations or the new labor force in various ways. Under the over-accumulation crisis, what kind of policies are drawn; or are denizens be punished as they question the stability of borders, state sovereign and supranational policies? When social contradictions are intense, in bourgeois democracy human rights are shrunk and the process of fascistisation is activated. Ultimately, maybe it is noticeable to understand that refugees /migrants become mutatis mutandis an allegorical figure of Muselmanner.
Preparing for Refugee Exodus in Crisis
Authors: Denham Magdalena , Vautrain Scott
Published: August 2018

Using macro-, exo-, meso-, and micro-level framework for assessing interdependencies in crisis management system in Poland, this chapter addresses expansion of planning and preparedness to novel hazards and threats such as precipitated mass movements of populations due to environmental changes. The Ukrainian refugee crisis served as backdrop for Poland's crisis management system testing. Benefits of planning and preparedness for mass displacements highlighted (a) an emerging all-hazard approach to crisis management, (b) proactive threat identification and assessment, (c) issuance of acts, laws, and regulations based on novel threats, (d) comprehensive multi-jurisdictional exercises, and (e) increasing importance of mutual aid agreements.
Refoulement and Refugees
Authors: Sugars Jasper MacLennan
Published: August 2018

Refoulement, a French word meaning to reject; or backwash, is a contentious issue in the international law and policy. However, the word is unknown to most of the public world – the Australian government operations to deter asylum seekers titled ‘pushing back the boats', ‘operation sovereign borders' are questionably pushing the limits as to what's refoulement and what isn't – but the worded meaning in the convention relating to the status of refugees is the process by which a persecuted asylum seeker is forcibly removed back to a place where they are re-exposed to the same danger from which they are trying to escape. In this article, the author hopes to provide information to others who are interested in the area of refugee policy and, in particular Australia's role in the development of this increasingly important field of international law as well as the implementation of their own unique approach to dealing with asylum seekers arriving in their territorial waters by boat. in this chapter the author has made every effort to provide an unbiased, politically non-partisan view of the current policies which Australia has implemented under domestic law, which includes the act of turning back of boats and offshore processing in third-nation processing facilities.
Influence of Context in Teachers' Perception of Graphing Calculator Use in Mathematics Instruction
Authors: Nzuki Francis M.
Published: August 2018

This study focuses on the influence of socio-contextual factors in the interrelations between teachers' perceptions of the role of graphing calculators, as mediating tools, to help facilitate mathematics instruction of students from two different SES backgrounds. The main source of data are in-depth semi-structured interviews with four teachers, two from each SES school. To better understand the role of SES socio-context, this study suggests a framework, consisting of teacher, student, subject matter, and graphing calculator use, for graphing calculator integration in the classroom. The components of the framework were taken to be continuously in interaction with one another implying that a change or perturbation in one of the components affected all the other components. As such, addressing equity issues in connection to the successful integration of graphing calculator in the classroom requires continually creating, maintaining, and re-establishing a dynamic equilibrium among all components of the framework.
A Design Model of Embedded Engineering Learning on Social Cloud
Authors: Arslan Ayse Kok
Published: August 2018

Based on the results of the evaluation of an embedded engineering learning on social cloud model, the author suggests whether an “Imagineering” approach to learning is and complies with design principles leading to creative products. It can also provide an evidence for whether the SC supports co-learning environments which contributes to the efficiency of the process. Not only training institutions, but also knowledge enterprises should have a ready infrastructure for network systems to access the cloud technology. This chapter discusses the options of a design model on social cloud.
Predicting Shoppers' Acceptance of E-Shopping on the Internet
Authors: Patro Chandra Sekhar
Published: August 2018

The emergence and rapid escalation of e-retailing has triggered many changes in daily life of the shoppers as well as the marketers. E-retailing is playing a major role in the Indian economy and is expected to change the current scenario of shopping from physical stores to e-stores. Similarly, changes in consumers' attitudes along with the availability of cheaper and reliable technology have led to a significant growth in online sales around the world. The chapter aims to examine the shoppers' attitudes towards e-shopping and also to find the critical reasons for not shopping through online. The results reveal that the shoppers are still hesitating to purchase online. The most important reasons for not shopping online are preferring to buy by touching and feeling, online security and privacy, and customer service quality. The factors influencing to buy online are being able to get detailed product information, product delivery, convenience, product quality, and competitive prices. These results also have some practical implications for managers and strategists of e-stores.
The Cyber Acumen
Authors: Liu Xiang Michelle
Published: August 2018

The major purpose of this chapter is to understand average user's decision-making process in cybersecurity by reviewing and integrating several major theoretical frameworks discussed and applied in decision making processes in cybersecurity. The average users are the ones who do not realize or understand when or how to perform security-critical decisions, the ones who are unmotivated to comply with company and school cybersecurity policies and procedures due to inconvenience, and the ones who do not have sufficient knowledge in cybersecurity to make sound security decisions. It is important to discuss and understand the role of such users and their behaviors based on systematic analysis so that we can identify potential factors causing “poor” security decisions and find ways to reduce the likelihood of being victims of cyber-attacks. The ultimate goal is to provide insights and make recommendations on how to foster individual's cyber acumen and cultivate a more effective decision-making process.
Deviant Pornography Use
Authors: Seigfried-Spellar Kathryn C.
Published: August 2018

The impact of both intentional and unintentional exposure to internet pornography on adolescents has been debated in the literature for decades. However, the differences in the operational definitions of pornography and exposure, not to mention the differences in methodology and sampling, make it difficult to synthesize findings and identify patterns across studies. In addition, the majority of the research has employed a rather broad measure of “exposure to general pornography” by adolescents in order to understand the impact of early exposure to pornography; however, internet pornography includes a wide range of sexually explicit materials, not just adult pornography. Thus, the goal of this chapter is to explore the relationship between nondeviant pornography use and deviant pornography use (e.g., child pornography) by discussing the Seigfried-Spellar study which examined the role of individual differences and age of onset in deviant pornography use.
Regions and Cities as Stimulators Towards Green and Digital Economy
Authors: Delcart Louis , Neacsu Nelu
Published: August 2018

There will always be inequalities in economic development within a country. The composition of the population, the presence of large economic players, the presence of good schools and universities make the ascendance of a population towards economic improvement easier in one region compared with other ones. But to arrive to these results, the effort should not come from the sole national government. This article intends hereby to develop the various aspects of regional development from the perspective of green and digital economy.
Implementation of Anti-Crisis Management Technologies
Authors: Mocanu Nelu
Published: August 2018

In the last 20 years, most of the managers of the big enterprises reached the conclusion that the main purpose of the enterprise is the maximization of the incomes by increasing the values of the assets of the company. This article presents radiographies of the contemporary economic theory of management, legislative frame of romania and other official documents, regarding the problems of bankruptcy and anti-crisis management. The results show that the use of the system of complex monitoring of the situation of the enterprise will allow at an incipient level the distinguishing of a close crisis and starting the preparations of the enterprise for preventing the crisis in an opportune moment, and when this is impossible, for a fast drawing of the enterprise out of the crisis.
Why do People Share?
Authors: Todorova Nelly , Mills Annette M.
Published: August 2018

Organisations invest heavily in knowledge management technologies and initiatives which are entirely dependent on the willingness of employees to share their knowledge. Educational and reward programs need to be informed by an understanding of what motivates people to share their knowledge at work. Prior research based on motivational theories suggests the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic motivators to encourage voluntary pro-social behaviours such as knowledge sharing. However, the literature on motivation in the context of knowledge sharing is still emerging and fragmented. This article therefore proposes an integrated model that brings together theoretical insights from motivational research to explain the influence of key intrinsic and extrinsic motivators on knowledge sharing. The article reports the results of the assessment of the model based on data collected across 10 organisations. The discussion of results contributes to the understanding of motivational factors influencing attitude and intention to share knowledge and their relative importance.
Service Recovery, Perceived Fairness, and Customer Satisfaction in the Telecoms Sector in Ghana
Authors: Ibrahim Masud , Abdallahamed Ssendiwal , Adam Diyawu Rahman
Published: August 2018

This article seeks to explore service recovery strategies adopted by mobile service providers operating in Ghana. The article adopts a quantitative approach design. A sample size of 384 respondents was used for this study comprising mobile phone subscribers in Ghana. The study revealed a significant positive relationship between service recovery based on firm's understanding of customer complaints, firm's fair treatment of customer complaints and customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the study also found a positive correlation between service recovery and customer satisfaction. The article contributes to extant literature on service recovery from developing country perspective.
On the Current State of Linked Open Data
Authors: Fayyaz Nosheen , Ullah Irfan , Khusro Shah
Published: August 2018

This article describes how Linked Open Data (LOD), under the umbrella of the Semantic Web, integrates the openly-published semantic information making it easily understandable and consumable by humans and machines. Currently, researchers have applied the principles of LOD in several domains including e-government, media, publications, geography, and life sciences. Besides the fast pace of research, the field is still an emerging one, where researchers face several prominent challenges and issues that need to resolve to exploit LOD to its fullest. In this article, the authors have identified challenges, issues, and research opportunities in the publishing, management, linking, and consumption of LOD. The research work presented here will grab the attention of researchers and may aid to the current state-of-the-art in this area.
A User-Aware and Semantic Approach for Enterprise Search
Authors: Cabri Giacomo , Martoglia Riccardo
Published: August 2018

This article describes how in addition to general purposes search engines, specialized search engines have appeared and have gained their part of the market. An enterprise search engine enables the search inside the enterprise information, mainly web pages but also other kinds of documents; the search is performed by people inside the enterprise or by customers. This article proposes an enterprise search engine called AMBIT1-SE that relies on two enhancements: first, it is user-aware in the sense that it takes into consideration the profile of the users that perform the query; second, it exploits semantic techniques to consider not only exact matches but also synonyms and related terms. It performs two main activities: (1) information processing to analyse the documents and build the user profile and (2) search and retrieval to search for information that matches user's query and profile. An experimental evaluation of the proposed approach is performed on different real websites, showing its benefits over other well-established approaches.
Reducing Use of Restraints in Intensive Care Units: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Mitchell Dannette A. , Panchisin Teresa , Seckel Maureen A.
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND

Use of physical restrainst is scrutinized in intensive care units today. Usage rates for the 5 intensive care units in the Christiana Care Health Services, Newark, Delaware, were higher than the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators mean rate of 9.61% to 15.43% for many months during fiscal years 2013 and 2014.

OBJECTIVE

To reduce and sustain the restraint rates to less than the national database mean rates for all 5 intensive care units.

METHODS

A quality improvement process was used that included forming a multiunit restraint collaborative; reviewing restraint data, including self-extubation rates; surveying staff nurses to examine alignment with evidence-based practice; and selecting a new restraint-alternative product.

RESULTS

All 5 intensive care units were able to successfully decrease restraint rates to less than the national database mean for the majority of the months since the start of the restraint collaborative in September 2012.

CONCLUSION

Use of a restraint collaborative with subsequent adoption of restraint alternatives led to a decrease in restraint rates for the 5 intensive care units to less than the national database mean, enabled sustained success, and helped align nurses’ beliefs with evidence-based practice.
Quiet Time: A Noise Reduction Initiative in a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Goeren Danielle , John Sherley , Meskill Katie , Iacono Laura , Wahl Stacy , Scanlon Kerri
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND

High noise levels in intensive care units are common. Increased noise levels can lead to sleep deprivation, increased pain perception, and delirium. The most common cause of reducible noise in intensive care units often is attributed to staff conversations.

OBJECTIVES

In January 2015, the neurosurgical intensive care unit staff identified noise as a problem, referencing complaints from other disciplines and family members. Quiet times from 3 am to 5 am and from 3 pm to 5 pm were agreed upon. An improvement plan was developed with a goal to decrease noise levels by 10 decibels in 6 months.

METHODS

Using a decibel meter, noise data were collected in 4 locations every 30 minutes during the chosen times for 8 days. Quiet time was implemented 1 week after staff, patient, and family education was completed. Decibel data were collected and evaluated after 60 days.

RESULTS

There were statistically significant reductions in noise levels at nurses’ station left (P = .04) and the bed 9 entrance (P = .02). Noise levels were lower, but not significantly so, for nurses’ station right (P = .12) and the bed 4 entrance (P = .06). Noise levels during quiet time decreased to an average of 10 to 15 decibels lower than baseline data.

CONCLUSIONS

Sharing baseline data was effective to heighten noise awareness. During quiet time, limiting conversations, eliminating environmental noise, and dimming the lights as a reminder to be quiet are 3 simple strategies that can be implemented to lessen noise.
A Fundamental Role of Myh9 for Neutrophil Migration in Innate Immunity
Authors: Zehrer Annette , Pick Robert , Salvermoser Melanie , Boda Annegret , Miller Meike , Stark Konstantin , Weckbach Ludwig T. , Walzog Barbara , Begandt Daniela
Published: August 2018

Neutrophils are the first leukocytes to arrive at sites of injury during the acute inflammatory response. To maintain the polarized morphology during migration, nonmuscle myosins class II are essential, but studies using genetic models to investigate the role of Myh9 for neutrophil migration were missing. In this study, we analyzed the functional role of Myh9 on neutrophil trafficking using genetic downregulation of Myh9 in Vav-iCre+/Myh9wt/fl mice because the complete knockout of Myh9 in the hematopoietic system was lethal. Migration velocity and Euclidean distance were significantly diminished during mechanotactic migration of Vav-iCre+/Myh9wt/fl neutrophils compared with Vav-iCre−/Myh9wt/fl control neutrophils. Similar results were obtained for transmigration and migration in confined three-dimensional environments. Stimulated emission depletion nanoscopy revealed that a certain threshold of Myh9 was required to maintain proper F-actin dynamics in the front of the migrating cell. In laser-induced skin injury and in acute peritonitis, reduced Myh9 expression in the hematopoietic system resulted in significantly diminished neutrophil extravasation. Investigation of bone marrow chimeric mice in the peritonitis model revealed that the migration defect was cell intrinsic. Expression of Myh9-EGFP rescued the Myh9-related defects in two-dimensional and three-dimensional migration of Hoxb8-SCF cell–derived neutrophils generated from fetal liver cells with a Myh9 knockdown. Live cell imaging provided evidence that Myh9 was localized in branching lamellipodia and in the uropod where it may enable fast neutrophil migration. In summary, the severe migration defects indicate an essential and fundamental role of Myh9 for neutrophil trafficking in innate immunity.
The Biblical Hebrew idiom ‘lift the face’ in the Septuagint of Job
Authors: Mangum Douglas
Published: August 2018

This study examined the renderings of the Biblical Hebrew idiom ‘lift the face’ (םינפ אשנ) in the Septuagint of Job in comparison with the renderings of the Biblical Hebrew idiom elsewhere in the Septuagint and in other ancient versions including the Peshitta and the Targums. The aim of this study was to determine how the translators of the Septuagint typically handled the implicit meaning of figurative language and to examine whether the translator of the Septuagint of Job followed similar strategies, because Job is known to be one of the books where the Septuagint is more literary than literal. It was hypothesised that the opaque meaning of the Biblical Hebrew idiom would provide an opportunity for the translator of the Septuagint of Job to intervene and manipulate the text for literary or theological reasons. The analysis applied methodology from Translation Studies and linguistics to describe the translation strategies used by some ancient translators to address the communication challenge presented by semantically opaque figures of speech like idioms. The major finding of the study is that although literal translation is the predominant approach to translating this Biblical Hebrew idiom in all the ancient versions examined, the Septuagint of Job used more idiomatic and natural expressions to communicate the meaning of the idiom. The translator of the Septuagint of Job took the use of the idiomatic expression ‘lift the face’ as an opportunity to reframe the theological emphasis of a passage.
1845–2016 gridded dataset of monthly precipitation over the upper Adda river basin: a comparison with runoff series
Authors: Crespi Alice , Brunetti Michele , Maugeri Maurizio , Ranzi Roberto , Tomirotti Massimo
Published: August 2018

Abstract. A new high-resolution gridded dataset of 1845–2016
monthly precipitation series for the upper Adda river basin was computed
starting from a network of high-quality and homogenised station records
covering Adda basin and neighbouring areas and spanning more than two
centuries. The long-term signal was reconstructed by a procedure based on
the anomaly method and consisting in the superimposition of two fields which
were computed independently: 1961–1990 monthly climatologies and gridded
anomalies. Model accuracy was evaluated by means of station series
reconstruction in leave-one-out approach and monthly relative mean absolute
errors were found to range between 14 % in summer and 24 % in winter.
Except for the period before the 1870s when station coverage is rather low,
reconstruction errors are quite stable. The 1845–2016 monthly areal
precipitation series integrated over Adda basin was finally computed. The
robustness of this series was evaluated and it was investigated for
long-term trend. While no significant trend emerged for precipitation, the
analysis performed on 1845–2016 annual runoff values recorded at Lake Como
outlet highlighted a negative trend. Runoff decrease is supposed to be
mostly due to an increasing role of evapotranspiration linked to temperature
increase, which is only partially compensated by the increase in glacier
melting rate. In order to test the applicability of the gridded database for
the reconstruction of extreme past events, the episode with the highest
precipitation in Adda basin series (November 2002) was considered and the
corresponding gridded fields of monthly anomalies and precipitation values
were evaluated both with actual station density and with station densities
corresponding to 1922 and 1882. Even considering 1882 station density, the
main spatial patterns are well depicted proving the suitability of anomaly
method to deal also with sparse station networks.
North Atlantic subpolar gyre along predetermined ship tracks since 1993: a monthly data set of surface temperature, salinity, and density
Authors: Reverdin Gilles , Valdimarsson Hedinn , Alory Gael , Diverres Denis , Bringas Francis , Goni Gustavo , Heilmann Lars , Chafik Leon , Szekely Tanguy , Friedman Andrew R.
Published: August 2018

Abstract. We present a binned product of sea surface temperature, sea surface
salinity, and sea surface density
data in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre from 1993 to 2017 that resolves
seasonal variability along specific ship routes (https://doi.org/10.6096/SSS-BIN-NASG).
The characteristics of this product are described and validated through
comparisons to other monthly products. Data presented in this work were
collected in regions crossed by two predetermined ship transects, between
Denmark and western Greenland (AX01) and between Iceland, Newfoundland, and
the northeastern USA (AX02). The data were binned along a selected usable
transect. The analysis and the strong correlation between successive seasons
indicate that in large parts of the subpolar gyre, the binning approach is
robust and resolves the seasonal timescales, in particular after 1997 and in
regions away from the continental shelf. Prior to 2002, there was no winter
sampling over the West Greenland Shelf. Variability in sea surface salinity
increases towards Newfoundland south of 54∘ N, as well as in the
western Iceland Basin along 59∘ N. Variability in sea surface
temperature presents less spatial structure with an increase westward and
towards Newfoundland. The contribution of temperature variability to density
dominates in the eastern part of the gyre, whereas the contribution of
salinity variability dominates in the southwestern part along AX02.
AKNĖS ĮTAKA EMOCINIAMS SUTRIKIMAMS
Authors: Gancevičienė Rūta , Lukavičiūtė Laura , Navickas Petras , Navickas Alvydas , Grigaitienė Jūratė , Zouboulis Christos C.
Published: August 2018

Darbo tikslas. Nustatyti aknės įtaką ja sergančių pacientųemocinei būklei - nerimastingumui, depresiškumuiir savižudiškoms mintims bei gyvenimo kokybei– ir tai palyginti su kontroline grupe.Darbo metodika. 2016 – 2017 m. atliktame tyrimebuvo analizuojamos dvi asmenų grupės: akne sergantyspacientai ir kontrolinė grupė, kurią sudarė odosliga nesergantys žmonės. Abi grupės dalyvavo anoniminėjeanketinėje apklausoje, kurią sudarė: sociodemografiniaiklausimai, adaptuota Lietuvai „Nerimo irdepresijos skalė“, dermatologinė gyvenimo kokybėsindekso anketa, klausimas apie savižudybines mintis.Rezultatai. Tirti 566 asmenys: 283 (217 moterų ir 66vyrai) sergantys akne ir 283 (220 moterų ir 63 vyrai)sveiki asmenys. Sergančiųjų grupėje gyvenimokokybė pakenkta – 96,8 % tiriamųjų, kontrolinėje –16,3 % asmenų, p < 0,001. Nerimo sutrikimas nustatytas38,2 % pacientų ir 15,9 % nesergančių asmenų,p < 0,001. Depresijos sutrikimas nustatytas 21,9 %pacientų ir 6 % nesergančių asmenų, p < 0,001. Savižudybiniųminčių teigė turintys 12 % pacientų ir3,5 % nesergančių asmenų, p < 0,001.Gyvenimo kokybės skalės balų vidurkis aknės grupėjebuvo 11 ± 0,34, o kontrolinėje grupėje – 0,55 ±0,06, p < 0,001. Nerimo skalės balų vidurkis buvo7,1 ± 0,25 aknės grupėje ir 4,25 ± 0,18 kontrolinėjegrupėje, p < 0,001; atitinkamai depresijos – 5 ± 0,23bei 2,3 ± 0,13, p < 0,001.Išvados. Aknė reikšmingai daro neigiamą įtaką emocineipacientų būklei: 2,4 karto padidina nerimo dažnį, 3 kartus padidina depresijos bei savižudybiniųminčių dažnį ir 6 kartus dažniau pablogina gyvenimokokybę.
The Effect of Green Manure and Chromolaena-Odorata-Based Bokashi on Nutrient Soil Content and Maize Growth
Authors: Ahmad Jusna , Lamangantjo Chairunnisa
Published: August 2018

The objectives of this study are twofold; firstly, it is intended to determine the soil nutrient contents (e.g., nitrogen, phosphor, potassium, manganese, and magnesium) after the provision of Chromolaena odorata organic fertilizer. Secondly, the study is aimed at examining the growth of maize crops after the provision of the same fertilizer. It employed randomized design group consisting of three phases of treatment (i.e., control, fertilizer provision, and provision of Bokashi with Chromolaena odorata) and four-times of the repeating process. Furthermore, the variable consists of the contents of soil nutrient  before applying the treatment, vegetative growth (i.e., stem height, stem diameter, leaf size, and dry weight of root, stem, and leaf), and generative growth (i.e., weight of unhusked cob, weight of husked cob, number of seeds per cob, width of cob, and weight of 100 seeds).  The data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and it further examined by employing Least Significance Difference test at 5% level. The results reveal that the provision of Bokashi fertilizer (with Chromolaena odorata as the material) positively impacts the growth of maize crops rather than the provision of green manure and control fertilizer. Keywords: Generative Growth, Organic Fertilizer, Vegetative Growth
Avaliação do risco de quedas dos idosos residentes em instituição de longa permanência no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: De Freitas Verônica Porto , Do Carmo Naiara Andrade , Raimundo Brenda De Couto Andreotti , Santos Ariana Oliveira , De Araújo Claudinéia Matos , Reis Luciana Araújo dos
Published: August 2018

As quedas entre idosos são um dos principais problemas clínicos e de saúde pública, devido à sua alta incidência, às complicações e aos altos custos assistenciais. Nesta

perspectiva, o presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a avaliação do risco de quedas em idosos residentes em instituição de longa permanência a partir de uma revisão

integrativa. Foram analisados artigos cadastrados nas bases de pesquisa SciELO e Bireme, no período de 2010 a 2015, em língua portuguesa e resultantes do cruzamento

dos seguintes descritores: instituição de longa permanência, idosos e risco de quedas, utilizando-se o indicador boleano (AND). Dos 19 artigos utilizados, evidenciaram-se institucionalização, sexo feminino, idade

superior a 70 anos, presença de comorbidades, uso de medicamentos e polifarmácia, cômodos e período mais comum, como determinantes para tornar o idoso vulnerável a episódios de queda.
O envelhecimento como um tema da atualidade: a produção de sentidos pela mídia jornalística
Authors: Costa Averlândio Wallysson Soares , Alves Maria Do Socorro Costa Feitosa
Published: August 2018

O estudo busca analisar as produções de sentidos sobre o envelhecimento pelos meios jornalísticos, evidenciando os modos como é percebido e discutido o fenômeno do envelhecimento. A pesquisa é embasada na teoria das representações sociais, utilizando como universo de pesquisa os três principais jornais do estado do Rio Grande do Norte: Tribuna do Norte, Jornal de Hoje e Gazeta do Oeste, sendo avaliados por meio da análise de conteúdo

temático de Bardin (2009). É identificada uma expressiva tendência para a explicação do fenômeno envelhecimento, buscando entender as consequências de tal processo para a sociedade. Nota-se uma necessidade em compreender essa nova conjunção social, já que essa é uma demanda

que se estabelece na contemporaneidade. Desse modo, torna-se importante compreender os sentidos estabelecidos sobre o envelhecimento que se configuram,

de modo a serem construídos valores e juízos mais fidedignos às reais necessidades.