bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pendekatan Mindfulness terhadap Peningkatan Kontrol Diri: Tinjauan Terhadap Berbagai Kelompok dan Konteks
Authors: Jessica Cendana  , Partono Suryanadi
Published: May 2024

Pendekatan mindfulness telah menjadi fokus utama dalam penelitian psikologi, terutama dalam konteks meningkatkan kontrol diri dan kesejahteraan mental pada berbagai kelompok. Namun, hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi, dengan beberapa penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh positif antara mindfulness dan kemampuan kontrol diri, sementara yang lain tidak mendukung hipotesis tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghimpun dan menganalisis artikel-artikel yang relevan tentang efektivitas pendekatan mindfulness dalam meningkatkan kemampuan kontrol diri pada berbagai kelompok, serta untuk memahami faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas pendekatan mindfulness dalam konteks yang berbeda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tinjauan sistematis literatur (Systematic Literature Review/SLR). Artikel-artikel yang relevan diidentifikasi melalui pencarian di database online, seperti Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan PsycINFO. Artikel-artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi temuan-temuan utama. Hasil tinjauan sistematis literatur menunjukkan bahwa 50% dari penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan adanya pengaruh positif antara mindfulness dan kemampuan kontrol diri, sementara 50% lainnya tidak mendukung hipotesis tersebut. Faktor-faktor seperti batasan waktu, tingkat pendidikan, dan metode pelatihan yang digunakan dapat menjadi variabel yang memengaruhi hasil dan perlu diperhitungkan dalam penelitian lebih lanjut. Secara keseluruhan, tinjauan sistematis literatur ini menyoroti kompleksitas pengaruh pendekatan mindfulness terhadap kontrol diri dan kesejahteraan mental pada berbagai kelompok. Adanya variasi hasil menunjukkan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk memahami faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas pendekatan mindfulness dalam konteks yang berbeda.
Menimbang Konstitusionalitas Batas Usia Cawapres: Sebuah Analisis atas Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi
Authors: Dina Octavia Dina Octavia , Rahmawaty Rahmawaty , Sultan Rexy Adji Sultan Rexy Adji
Published: May 2024

Mahkamah Konstitusi mengeluarkan putusan yang menuai pro dan kontra dalam kontestasi politik indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis argumen pro dan kontra terhadap putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi serta untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam terkait implikasi kebijakan batasan usia cawapres. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa polemik ini memperlihatkan perbedaan pandangan yang kompleks dalam masyarakat terkait batasan usia cawapres, yang dapat memengaruhi arah demokrasi Indonesia. Argumen pro mencakup regenerasi kepemimpinan dan peningkatan peluang bagi generasi muda, sementara argumen kontra menyoroti potensi diskriminasi terhadap individu yang lebih tua. Polemik ini mencerminkan kompleksitas isu demokrasi dan perlunya kajian mendalam untuk memahami dampak kebijakan terkait batasan usia cawapres. Studi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai polemik terkait batasan usia calon wakil presiden dan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang terkait.
Sistem Pembatas Pembelian BBM Menggunakan RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) dan Arduino Uno
Authors: Riky Susanto  , Misbah  , Surya Saputra Pressa Perdana
Published: May 2024

The dwindling availability of fuel (fuel oil) in Indonesia, Pertamina is conducting a trial run on limiting purchases of fuel. Payment transactions using a card with RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology are one type of non-cash transaction that can be used as an alternative payment method. In this study, we will discuss the use of RFID tags to complete purchases on BBM with a predetermined number of calculations. This tool uses Arduino Uno as its microcontroller to process data received from RFID tags and RFID readers to read the value of the fuel purchase balance, which then the buyer writes down the nominal purchase using the programmed 4x4 keypad by limiting purchases to no more than a predetermined nominal in one day. This tool uses the YF-S401 flow meter sensor to determine the volume of fuel flowing in accordance with the nominal previously inputted, the data will be displayed via a 16x2 LCD in real time using the RTC DS1307 to store month, date and time data stored in the module SD card with all data obtained in measurements.
The Impact of Social Media on Marketing Activities of the Entertainment Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Ahmari Hanaa , Al-harthi Afrah , Al-Balawi Ohood , Sadek Walid , Abdul Hamid Al-Faisal
Published: May 2024

The study examined the impact of social media in marketing the activities of the Entertainment Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study aimed at social media in marketing the activities of the Entertainment Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study population and sample include employees of the Entertainment Authority in Riyadh, who number (100) employees. The most important results of the study were that the company used social media to market its events effectively, and increasing interest in entertainment events through social media led to increased demand for them, and the contents of social media interest around entertainment events led to increased demand, and social media is one of the most prominent means capable of Communicating its content to a large number of beneficiaries at the same time, and the technology represented by social media has made it possible for it to be a fertile and wide ground for effective use and a clear influence on the inclinations and desires of the target audience. The beneficiaries use advertisements through social media to present their products. The study recommended that the importance of social media is to enhance the possibility of entertainment events organization and obtain good shares in the targeted sectors. The necessity of facilitating social media to reach target segments. The necessity of social media to further stimulate the overall demand for entertainment events. Obtaining support for the concept of social media in all departments of the Authority is an extremely important issue.
The Impact of Brand Reputation on Industries in Saudi Arabia on Mada Carpet
Authors: Alharthi Wejdan , Alarfaj Arwa , Alqahtani Maram , Sadek Walid , Abdul Hamid Al-Faisal
Published: May 2024

This research investigates the impact of brand reputation on the Mada Carpet industry in Saudi Arabia. The study aims to examine the relationship between brand reputation and customer trust, as well as the subsequent effects on customer outcomes. A theoretical model is proposed, wherein brand reputation serves as the independent variable, customer trust acts as the mediating variable, and customer outcomes represent the dependent variable. The research employs a quantitative and qualitative research design, utilizing survey questionnaires to collect data from a sample of customers and employees in the Mada Carpet industry. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the significance of brand reputation and customer trust in the carpet industry, providing insights for practitioners to enhance customer outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed based on the results obtained.
Collatz Conjecture Solution
Authors: Patel Gaurangkumar Girishbhai
Published: May 2024

The Collatz conjecture, also known as the 3n + 1 conjecture, stands as one of the most enduring unsolved problems in mathematics. Proposed by German mathematician Lothar Collatz in 1937, the conjecture poses a deceptively simple question: can iteratively applying two basic arithmetic operations—dividing even numbers by 2 and multiplying odd numbers by 3 and adding 1—lead any positive integer to converge to the value 1? Despite extensive computational verification for vast ranges of integers, a proof or disproof remains elusive. This abstract explores the historical background, various attempts at proving the conjecture, and its implications across mathematical domains.
Navigating Cyber Diplomacy in the Governance of Emerging AI Technologies: Lessons from Transatlantic Cooperation
Authors: Varela Damián Tuset
Published: May 2024

The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology presents vast transformative possibilities across various sectors, encompassing economic, industrial, social, political, intelligence, and military realms. Consequently, governing the development and deployment of AI has garnered significant attention not only from policymakers and decision-makers but also from the general public. Given AI's potential to shape state power and its dual strategic applications, the governance of AI has become an integral part of global discussions, falling under the purview of cyber diplomacy. This article delineates key issues surrounding AI governance, discusses the evolving role of the EU as a normative force in this arena, and underscores the importance of transatlantic collaboration amid broader global technological competitions.
Integrating Sustainable Design Principles into Construction Practices: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Islam Md.Mafiqul
Published: May 2024

The global push for sustainable development has placed significant pressure on the construction industry to prioritize sustainable practices. However, navigating the complexities of sustainability in construction presents challenges, given the multitude of variables and the lack of a unified evaluation framework. In this study, we conducted an extensive literature review to redefine sustainable construction and identify existing evaluation frameworks. Our findings led to the development of a conceptual framework that incorporates specific indicators and criteria across sociocultural, economic, technical, and environmental dimensions. This framework offers a structured approach to assess the sustainability of construction practices. Recommendations for its implementation are also provided.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip: Clinical Presentation and Management Outcome
Authors:   Consultant Plastic and Burns surgeon, National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine (NIRM), Street No.9, G-8/2, Islamabad, Pakistan., Saaiq Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common amongst skin cancers, following the basal cell carcinoma. SCC of the lip carries relatively better prognosis if detected early and treated adequately. Public awareness about the significance of early presentation would help to improve the outcome of management. Objective: The current study was conducted to determine the clinical presentation of lip SCC and management outcome with surgery as the primary treatment modality. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out at the National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Islamabad over a period of seven years. All patients who presented with lip SCCs during the study period were prospectively included in the study. Non-consenting patients were excluded. The lesions were excised with 1-2-cm palpable macroscopic safety margins. Results: Out of 37 patients, there were 28 (75.67%) males and 9 (24.32%) females. The ages ranged between 47-79 years with a mean of 59.91±9.17 years. Lower lip was the most commonly affected site (n=30; 81.08%). The duration of the lesions at first presentation varied from 6-13 months with a mean of 7.32±1.79 months. Majority (n=31; 83.78%), of the patients had early stage (stage I and II disease) whereas 6(16.21%) patients had stage III disease. The margin clearance rate after initial excision of the lesions was 91.89%. Karapandzic flap was employed as reconstructive tool among 15(40.54%) patients. The 5-year overall survival rate was 62.16%. Conclusion: Lip SCCs were found more frequently among males aged over 50 years. Lower lip was the commonest seat of lip SCCs. Surgical excision with recommended safety margins was associated with tumor free margins in 91.89% cases. Karapandzic flap was the most useful reconstructive tool. The 5-year overall survival rate was 62.16%.
Early Detection of Breast Cancer using Deep Learning in Mammograms
Authors:   Department of Oncology, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth, Karad, Maharashtra, India., Gudur Rashmi , Patil Nitin ,   Department of Surgery Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth, Karad, Maharashtra, India., Thorat S.T. ,   Department of General Medicine Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Published: May 2024

Breast cancer still poses a serious threat to world health, needing creative approaches to early identification in order to improve patient outcomes. This study investigates the potential of deep learning methods to improve the precision and effectiveness of mammography interpretation for the identification of breast cancer. In this paper proposed, a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture, ResNet50, is created and trained on a sizable data set of annotated mammograms. The CNN is made to automatically identify and extract pertinent elements, such as microcalcifications, masses, and architectural distortions,that may be symptomatic of possible cancers. The model develops the ability to distinguish between benign and malignant instances through an iterative process of training and validation, finally displaying a high level of discriminatory accuracy. The paper findings show that the deep learning model outperforms conventional mammography interpretations in terms of sensitivity and specificity for detecting breast cancer. Furthermore, the model's potential for use in actual clinical settings is highlighted by its generalizability across a range of patient demographics and imaging technologies.This study represents a big step in improving radiologists' capacity for breast cancer early detection. Our deep learning-based architecture has promise for improving the screening procedure and potentially decreasing the difficulties brought on by radiologist shortages by lowering false positives, improving accuracy, and offering quick analysis. By utilising cutting-edge technology to enable prompt and efficient detection, this study contributes to continuing efforts by the international healthcare community to improve breast cancer outcomes.
Distribution and Pattern of Sesamoid Bones of the Hand in Saudi Arabia- a Retrospective Study
Authors:   Department of Radiology, College of medicine, Majmaah University, 11952, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia., Alturiqy Mohammed A
Published: May 2024

Background: Injuries or inflammation of the sesamoid bones can be very painful. In order to properly diagnose and treat problems affecting the hand, it is necessary to have a thorough grasp of the number and location of sesamoid bones in the hand. This study was carried out with an objective to study the distribution and pattern of sesamoid bones of the hand in the Saudi population. Materials and Methods: This three-month retrospective study was conducted from May 2023 to July 2023 in orthopedics and radiology departments of Saudi Arabia's Medical Centre, Majmaah University. The study analyzed 200 patients who had sesamoid bones in their hand by radiographs. Patients underwent two radiological examinations. All patients had posteroanterior (PA) and oblique direct hand radiographs. The radiologists and orthopedic surgeons examined the hand sesamoid bones, including at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints. Radiologists analyzed X-rays of hand injury patients using demographic data and imaging tests. The patients' sesamoid bone distributions and locations were meticulously recorded. Data were analyzed in SPSS Version 23, and the Chi-square test was applied to test the statistical significance. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Total 200 patients had sesamoid bones examined in their first radiological examination of MCP. Among them, 72 (36%) patients had , , and MCP followed by MCP in 58 (29%), and MCP in 45 (22.5%), and MCP in 43 (21.5%) with the average age of sesamoid bone at MCP joint as 47.71±17.09, 41.76±18.08, 48.16±15.76, and 42±14.77 respectively. Sesamoid bone was reported , , and MCP in 1 (0.5%) and , , , and MCP in 1 (0.5%) patients in the first radiological examination. The second radiological examination in the same patients showed, 64 (32%) patients had , , and MCP followed by MCP in 47 (23.5%), and MCP in 43 (21.5%), and MCP in 17 (8.5%) with the average age of 48.38±17.13, 41.09±16.72, 49.02±16.59, and 38.24±14.59 respectively at MCP joint. The association between the first radiological examination and the second radiological examination of sesamoid bone at MCP was statistically significant (chi-square 623.73, p value <0.001). Conclusion: This is the first radiological assessment with two imaging evaluations in the same 200 patients who had sesamoid bone in hand. In the first and second imaging evaluations, we recorded 7 and 9 sesamoid bone distribution patterns respectively. , , and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) sesamoid bones pattern was seen in patients. Trauma victims rarely have hand sesamoid bones, which are typically misdiagnosed when they appear elsewhere. This study provides orthopedic surgeons with anatomical data to help diagnose and treat patients.
Studying the Role of Soil Factors on Degree of Degradation of DNA of Human Remains
Authors:   Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Iraq., Ali Sahar S.
Published: May 2024

Generating a DNA profile using autosomal Short Tandem Repeat (STR) DNA allele from skeletal remains is a crucial step in the identification process for mass disaster and unidentified person situations. The capacity to extract substantial amounts of relevant DNA from bones, which were highly durable biological components that can withstand soil elements and climatic conditions over long periods of time, would be advantageous. 70 femur male bone samples were collected from two different environmental mass graves (Al-Mahaweel massgrave) in Babil governorate and (Al-Saqlawiya massgrave) in Al-Anbar governorate in Iraq. The DNA from bone samples extracts were assessed by capillary electrophoresis and a standardized set of short tandem repeat (STR) loci are analyzed using Mutiplex 21 STR loci System to allow human identification by matching the profile of the dead individuals with their relatives. From these two different sites; soil samples were collected to analyze and study the different environmental factors and find a relation between the degree of preservation or degradation with these factors like temperature, humidity, salinity, PH and texture of soil and find how these factors can affect on pattern of degradation of DNA profiles. The average of the percentage of the detected alleles in each locus in the two sites; were 87\% for Al-Mahaweel site and 32\% for Al- Saqlawiya site. we found that clay soil, low salt concentration, PH slightly alkaline and low humidity for Al-Mahaweel site; all participate in DNA preservation while the chalky and very high salt concentration of Al- Saqlawiya site soil; all participate in DNA degradation. Predicting the effect of these factors on the quality of the DNA profiles can be helpful in finding better solutions for many complications that may face the process of analyzing samples and finding sufficient informative profiles.
Long-Term Effect of Post-Covid-19 Syndrome on Respiratory Parameters in Iraqi People
Authors:   B.D.S., Medical Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Maysan, Iraq., Zwain Sara Basim , Alkatib Sami R. ,   Professor Dr., Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Iraq., Danana Falah Mahdi ,   Ph.D., Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Iraq., Zwain Basim MH ,   Ph.D., Medical Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Al-Ameed, Iraq.
Published: May 2024

Background: The long-term sequelae of COVID-19 are thought to be a novel area of research due to variances in the epidemiology and therapy. Nevertheless, the follow-up time interval (6 or 12 months) was excessively long, and the time point of the follow-up period varied from 3 to 24 months in the prior research. More research is required to understand better COVID-19's effects, including their long-term effects on the lungs and how they may affect pulmonary function. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the long-term impact of post-COVID-19 syndrome on pulmonary function tests. Methods: This research was a case-control study conducted from 13 October 2023 to 13 November 2023 at the Al-Sader Teaching Hospital in Maysan City. There are fifty-eight patients and fifty-eight controls included. This study comprised patients who visited a pulmonary consulting clinic and had COVID-19 symptoms, matched by controls who were chosen at random. The controls had to meet the same criteria as the cases, with the exception that they did not have COVID-19 disease. The most popular kind of breathing or pulmonary function test is spirometry, spirometry was used to measure: FVC, FEV, and FEV1/FVC ratio. Result: Sixty-six post COVID-19 syndrome with ages (34.1 ± 9.8) years and sixty-seven controls were enrolled. The results of FVC and FEV parameters indicate a significant difference (P<0.05) between cases and control groups. However, no significant differences existed between groups for the FEV1/FVC ratio. In the comparison of lung function tests between cases and control across different age groups (18-29, 30-39, 50-65) years, we found that mean FVC is significantly lower for the age group 18-29 years than for 30-39 and 50-65 years, and the mean FEV is significantly lower for the age group 18-29 years than for 30-39. Conclusion: After COVID-19, a significant number of patients continue to have symptoms, with respiratory symptoms accounting for the majority of complaints. Patients with continuing symptoms were younger and presented a significantly lower FVC and FEV.
Evaluation into the Effects of Lead and Cadmium on Hemoglobin and Membrane Proteins in Human Erythrocytes
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq., Abbas Muntaha Mezhir , Zainal Israa Ghassan ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq., Husien Kameran Shukur ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq.
Published: May 2024

Heavy metals have negative impacts on human health including red blood cells hemolysis and increases oxidation processes, leading to many health issues. In this study, several blood samples were collected from people who work in North Oil Company, Kirkuk, Iraq. In addition to people who live, work away from oil fields as the control group. This investigation looks at the impact of various concentrations of cadmium and / or lead individually and combined (Cd:Pb) on erythrocytes hemolysis. The findings demonstrated that hemolysis produced by the (100 mM) were (72.0, 88.80, and 96.90\%) for (Cd, Pb, and Cd: Pb) respectively. Vitamins (B2 and C) were applied with different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mol/L).to investigate the reduction of hemolysis percentage. The findings showed that both vitamins have positive effect in reducing the hemolysis percentage. Vitamin C has even more significant impact in reducing the hemolysis compared to Vitamin B2. In conclusion, cadmium and lead can cause erythrocyte hemolysis individually or combined, additionally, vitamins C and B2 were proved to in reducing hemolysis effectively.
El órgano administrativo. Su contextualización en la organización administrativa ecuatoriana.
Authors: Navarro -Hernández Raudel
Published: May 2024

Este artículo de revisión aborda el estudio del órgano administrativo dentro de la organización administrativa en el contexto de la Administración pública como sujeto de la relación jurídico-administrativa del Derecho Administrativo; con el objetivo de sistematizar teóricamente los principales postulados doctrinales sobre tópico, así como explicarlo y relacionarlo con su regulación jurídica en Ecuador, mediante la utilización de ejemplos que faciliten su comprensión. Se ha desarrollado, fundamentalmente, mediante un enfoque cualitativo, a través del empleo de métodos de investigación jurídica tales como el histórico-lógico, el abstracto-concreto y sobre todo el de análisis de contenidos; así como el inductivo-deductivo, que me permitió arribar a la conclusión fundamental de que el estudio del órgano administrativo, en virtud de la teoría del órgano, posibilita en esencia comprender el funcionamiento integral de la Administración pública y que es de vital importancia para la determinación de responsabilidad pública en los casos en que corresponda.
La protección del Derecho de Identidad en las plataformas digitales.
Authors: Conde -Bilbao Ana Claudia , Machín -Castillo Arlet , Guirola -Rodríguez Isel , Díaz -García Patricia del Carmen
Published: May 2024

Antes de que Internet irrumpiese en nuestras vidas, la identidad del individuo se circunscribía a una parte formal -que se sustentaba en una serie de documentos y certificados emitidos por las Administraciones Públicas, a lo que se publicaba o se decía de él en los medios de comunicación y a lo que conocían aquellas personas, empresas u organizaciones con los que mantenían algún tipo de relación personal o profesional. A partir del surgimiento de las plataformas digitales surgieron las redes sociales (son estructuras formadas en Internet por personas u organizaciones que se conectan a partir de intereses o valores comunes). A través de ellas, se crean relaciones entre individuos o empresas de forma rápida, sin jerarquía o límites físicos[1]. En los ordenamientos jurídicos foráneos se han promulgado leyes específicas para proteger la identidad en línea, estableciendo medidas para prevenir delitos cibernéticos y lidiar con casos de suplantación. Estas regulaciones buscan equilibrar la libertad de expresión con la necesidad de salvaguardar la identidad de los usuarioS.
International military-space cooperation of Ukraine: legal aspects
Authors: Semenchuk Mariia
Published: May 2024

Outer space acts as a tremendous resource for the security and defence of a country and the protection of its citizens. Ukraine, despite having to deal with Russia’s full-scale armed aggression, is gradually restoring and building up its space capabilities through cooperation with partner countries. International cooperation in the military and space spheres is manifested as a whole through bilateral treaties on military geography, exchange of various kinds of information that has been obtained through space activities. The space origin of many types of data is no longer unusual and has long been used in the management of military forces. The article is devoted to the modern issues of legal aspects of international military-space cooperation of Ukraine. The research enlightens the importance of legal regulation in the field of space activities to ensure national security and emphasizes the role of legislation in the organization and regulation of space activities, as well as the importance of global partnership and cooperation in achieving space security goals. In the context of the war in Ukraine, there is a need to strengthen international cooperation. Also, it is necessary to expand government-funded military space endeavors and develop a coherent plan for the development of military space cooperation aimed at ensuring national defence interests with allied countries. In addition, the most important activities along this path are strengthening interdepartmental coordination between government agencies involved in space activities, improving the legal framework and elevating the qualifications of space industry and military specialists through the reasonable application of international best practices and advanced experience.
Autonomy as a form of state sovereignty of the Ukrainian Cossack State (late XVII-XVIII centuries)
Authors: Stengach Nadiia
Published: May 2024

The study of Ukrainian statehood’s history is important for understanding the continuity of state formation in Ukraine and supporting the nation-state revival. It is crucial to examine Cossack statehood in the mid-17th century, specifically its foreign policy and international situation. The purpose of this article is to study the main directions of activity of the hetman administration of the Ukrainian Cossack state in the XVII-XVIII centuries, focusing on protecting the sovereignty of the Ukrainian government in domestic and foreign policy.
The article’s methodological basis is rooted in general scientific principles and methods of cognition. These principles aim to provide an objective and comprehensive understanding of facts, events, and phenomena. The research follows the principles of historicism and objectivism, which prioritize factual material and avoid bias. General and specific historical methods of scientific research were employed in investigating the topic. These methods included: analysis and synthesis when examining sources and literature, periodization for organizing the research, problem-historical approach for presenting historical material, and comparative-historical analysis for comparing similar indicators and facts within the same historical context.
Result: The elite’s perception of itself as a subject of socio-political life led to the creation of contractual orientations and the demand for mutual obligations to be recognized. This was evident in the requirements of the monarch’s oath to fulfill the contract. The Ukrainian political elite justified their intentions and actions towards protectorates based on the principle of contract, showing their willingness to fulfill contractual obligations on an equal footing.
Conclusions: The legal subjectivity of the Ukrainian political elite has been reduced to post-sovereign autonomism due to increasing foreign policy imperial pressure. The typological characteristics of this are the following: 1) recognition of the supreme power of the protector-monarch; 2) refusal to regulate social relations by the laws of the protector’s country; 3) categorical denial of the right of the political elite of the monarch-protector’s country to perform any managerial functions within the political system of the Hetmanship.
Use of forensic examination opportunities during the investigation of corruption criminal offenses committed by judges
Authors: Svoboda Eugenia , Tsipotan Yurii
Published: May 2024

The article emphasizes the significant pre-trial importance of forensic examinations in investigating corrupt criminal offenses as one of the forms of utilizing specialized knowledge. The authors disclose the definition of forensic examination. Based on the works of criminologists, survey results from practitioners, and the study of verdicts from the Higher Anti-Corruption Court, it was established that forensic examinations are assigned to state specialized expert institutions but to various subjects of forensic activity. A list of forensic examinations types, primarily appointed in the investigation of criminal offenses committed by judges, is also identified. The most common types of forensic examinations in the investigation of corruption criminal offenses committed by judges are considered. The authors emphasize the importance of forensic criminalistic examination of audio and video materials, forensic document examination, forensic portrait examination, forensic handwriting examination, forensic computer-technical examination, forensic dactyloscopic examination, psychological examination, and forensic linguistic (semantic-textual) examination. It is outlined that conducting examinations in corruption-related proceedings is an effective means of determining the crime mechanism, identifying comparative sample and traces of the suspect, and the subject of the unlawful benefit. The main tasks set for the expert to solve during the investigation of corruption criminal offenses committed by judges are systematized. In the modern context, attention is focused on solving identification and diagnostic tasks.
All these achievements are substantiated by statistical data results and interviews with practitioners, as well as through the analysis of criminal proceedings in the specified category of offenses.
Genocide in Ukraine: problems of proof
Authors: Garsymiv Olena , Marko Serhiy , Ryashko Olena
Published: May 2024

The article emphasizes that genocide was first criminalized immediately after the Second World War, precisely in 1948 when the UN General Assembly unanimously adopted the Convention on the Prevention of Genocide. In terms of severity, it is undoubtedly the most serious crime for both peacetime and wartime, and it is also the most difficult to prove. First of all, it is argued that in order to establish the very fact of genocide, it is necessary to have the intention to destroy, in whole or in part, any national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as well as for this destruction to be carried out by killing, inflicting grievous injuries, creating intolerable conditions life, prevention of childbirth or forced transfer of children to another group.
The main focus of the article is on the fact that crimes against humanity most often occur during war. In order for the underlying crimes—such as murder, torture, extermination, sexual violence, and other acts—to qualify as crimes against humanity, they must be part of a widespread or systematic attack on civilians. Unfortunately, trials for genocide and crimes against humanity take forever. An example is the events in Srebrenica, proceedings in several genocide cases are still ongoing. Genocide, as well as crimes against humanity, are most clearly defined in legal terms in the Rome Statute of 1998, which became the foundational document of the International Criminal Court.
Both crimes were also included in the criminal codes of many countries, the Criminal Code of Ukraine (Articles 442, 437) was not an exception. However, until now, there is no responsibility for crimes against humanity in national legislation. Therefore, currently the criminal actions of the combatants can only be qualified as war crimes. Many states have integrated the crime of genocide into national legislation, but not all have used the UN definition. Many states have also included crimes against humanity in their criminal codes. It is quite clear that both genocide and crimes against humanity are systematic crimes, to prove which it is not enough to confirm with evidence the commission of individual acts.
Both crimes are committed within a system, often wide-ranging, and both contain elements that require proof of relevant intent or awareness on the part of the perpetrators, for example, in the case of genocide, by proving that the perpetrators knew of an express or implied plan.
Alcance y Precisión a Bajo Costo: Fabricando Prótesis de Dedo con Impresión 3d Fdm en Petg
Authors: Nieto Merino Jean-Carlo , Pérez Gómez Lucero Stephania , Michelle Luna Nancy , Gay Villanueva Jaime Adonay , Garcia Avila Yesenia Sarahi
Published: May 2024

La tecnología de impresión 3D FDM y el uso de PETG presentan una solución innovadora para la fabricación de prótesis de dedo, abordando la escasez de opciones económicas y personalizadas en la medicina protésica(1). Este estudio explora la viabilidad y la eficacia de estas prótesis, destacando su potencial para mejorar la calidad de vida de personas con amputaciones de dedo. La personalización y la biocompatibilidad del PETG, combinadas con la accesibilidad de la impresión 3D, ofrecen un enfoque prometedor para desarrollar prótesis funcionales y económicas(2). Aunque este análisis se basa en una revisión conceptual de la literatura existente, sugiere que la adopción de estas tecnologías podría transformar la ortopedia y la rehabilitación, proporcionando soluciones más accesibles y adaptadas a las necesidades de los usuarios(Figura 4). Se destaca la importancia de la innovación tecnológica en la medicina protésica y se sugiere la necesidad de futuras investigaciones para validar la eficacia clínica de estas prótesis.
The Translator’s Ideology and the Reproduction of Superstructure
Authors: Bánhegyi Mátyás
Published: May 2024

This pilot study investigates whether the translator's ideology affects the reproduction of superstructure in translated argumentative newspaper articles. The superstructure of a Hungarian argumentative newspaper article and its two English translations created by two translators with opposing ideologies are compared with the help of Hoey’s (2001) Superstructure Model. Based on the case study presented, it seems that the translator’s ideology does not affect the reproduction of superstructure in target texts.
Hungarian University Students’ Beliefs about Language Learning: A Questionnaire Study
Authors: Rieger Borbála
Published: May 2024

This paper deals with the results of a research project conducted among first-year language majors (N = 109) studying at the English and German departments of a university in Budapest, concerning their beliefs about language learning. The instrument employed in the study is a modified Hungarian version of Horwitz’s (1987) BALLI (Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory). Although numerous similar studies have been conducted since the inventory was first published, the present study is unique as it investigates not only gender effect, but also the differences in learners’ beliefs based on their target language. The rationale for examining differences caused by the language learnt is that in the past several decades the English language has emerged to become the global lingua franca (McKay, 2003), while German, which had until recently enjoyed a strong regional significance, has lost a considerable amount of importance. Therefore, it has become relevant to examine whether learners’ beliefs about language learning are global or rather influenced by the given language they are studying. The results of the study are discussed in terms of the principal components that were established, which deal with attitude towards authentic materials, motivation, language aptitude, language difficulty and language learning approaches. These results show a number of significant differences based on the gender and target language of respondents.
Secondary School Students’ Contact Experiences and Dispositions towards English as an International Language – A Pilot Study
Authors: Illés Éva , Csizér Kata
Published: May 2024

The objective of this small-scale study is twofold. On the one hand, it investigates the contact experiences and the attitude of secondary school students towards English as an international language. On the other, it offers an insight into the validation of a questionnaire by foregrounding the process where a pilot questionnaire has been evaluated and amendments have been suggested. The research is based on a sample comprising 50 secondary school students living in Budapest. The main finding of this study is that an awareness of the role of English in international contexts of communication does not result in increased openness towards various varieties of English and the search for contact opportunities on the part of the learners. The results of the study also indicate that the notion of English as an international language as a simplified language and its subsequent demotivating influence seem to diminish the amount of effort learners are prepared to devote to the learning of English outside the classroom.
Language Learner Errors and Dyslexia: A Tale of Unlikely Parallels
Authors: Kálmos Borbála
Published: May 2024

Special needs education is usually considered to be a supplement to mainstream education; however, with inclusive education becoming increasingly widespread in schools, these two concepts need to become more mutually inclusive. The question is: how is this possible, especially since special needs education is widely regarded as a field for specialists and not for mainstream teachers. This study sets out to prove that viewing mainstream and special needs education as compatible is possible since mainstream education contains approaches and methodologies that are applicable to special needs education. To illustrate this point, language learning and learner errors, issues related to mainstream education, will be compared to dyslexia, an issue related to special needs education. The comparison is motivated by the author’s observation that both dyslexia and language learner errors were first seen as deficiencies but later accepted and redefined as differences. To see how these two attitudes relate to education, two educational approaches are identified, the performance-oriented and the diversity-oriented approaches, which embody the ‘deficiency’ and the ‘difference’ views respectively. After describing the social-educational background of these two approaches, their concept of the learner, the learning process and the teacher’s role are contrasted arguing that the transition from one approach to the other results in similar attitude shifts concerning dyslexia and language learner errors.
Achievements and Attributions in the Context of Acquiring English as a Foreign Language: Learner Beliefs
Authors: Lázár Viktória
Published: May 2024

Learner beliefs form an important part of individual differences within the field of language acquisition. The aim of this qualitative research is to map what beliefs adult language learners hold about achievements when learning English and what or who they attribute their success or failure to. A study applying semi-structured interviews for data collection was carried out to provide the answers. The interviews were conducted with ten experienced Hungarian adult language learners. The analysis of their answers yielded valuable insights into what learners regard as achievements in their learning process relating to the attributions necessary for successful language learning and the affective aspects of learning. The interviews also provided an overview of the respondents’ beliefs about what can compensate for the lack of aptitude, their strategy use and the effect of their age.
Translating EU Texts in the English BA Programme: Exploring Teachers’ Views and Practices
Authors: Károly Adrienn
Published: May 2024

Recent research into using translation as a communicative and functional activity in foreign language learning and teaching has pointed out a wide range of benefits for advanced language learners. The research reported in this paper involved teachers teaching translation in the EU-specialisation module integrated into the English bachelor’s degree programme in Hungary. The survey set out to explore teachers’ instructional practices as well as their views and experiences regarding translation. Results indicate that translation in this pedagogical setting is used not merely as a tool to develop language competence and other generic skills, but is regarded as a useful skill in its own right. Translation teachers seem to hold a competence-based view of translation and favour a process-based, functional-textual approach in their teaching practice, which are essential principles in professional translator training. Teachers also emphasise the role of having first-hand translation experience along with a sound theoretical knowledge, which calls for closer collaboration between professional translator trainers and language teachers teaching translation in modern foreign language degree programmes. An important methodological implication of the study is that the investigation of communicative translation teaching outside professional settings can benefit from an interdisciplinary perspective.
Improvement of a mine’s ventilation test bench, using industrial communication and open-source microcontrollers.
Authors: Castro-Duque Yesid , Vargas José Armando Becerra , Hernández José Luis Gómez
Published: May 2024

This paper shows the results of optimizing a test bed used to simulate parameters related to Underground mines ventilation. The data acquisition card was changed for an Arduino microcontroller; likewise, some sensors were changed for more precise ones, and a sensor was adapted to measure relative humidity, dry temperature, and heat index. The measurements will continue to be observed using the LabVIEW software and complemented by an industrial communication system, the Modbus protocol. This protocol increases the data transmission speed of Ethernet. With the improvement of the system, the precision in the parameters (Pressure, temperatures, relative humidity, concentration of methane gas, Voltage, current) increases, and ultra-fast data transmission is guaranteed.
Neoliberalism and the Retraction of Welfare Law: A Theoretical Critique
Authors: Sahdan Fatimah , Gregorius Jelena
Published: May 2024

This article provides a comprehensive critical analysis of the relationship between neoliberalism and the retraction of welfare law. It investigates how neoliberal ideologies, characterized by market deregulation, privatization, and reduced state intervention, have reshaped welfare policies and impacted social equity and access to welfare services. Through an interdisciplinary approach, the article examines the theoretical underpinnings of neoliberalism, analyzes its socio-economic effects, and explores its legal implications for welfare provision. Case studies from the United Kingdom and Australia serve to illustrate the real-world impacts of neoliberal policies on welfare law. Furthermore, the article engages with counter perspectives, offering insights into theoretical and practical alternatives that challenge neoliberal approaches, such as social democracy, participatory democracy, and post-Keynesian economics. It proposes reforms aimed at mitigating the adverse effects of neoliberal policies, emphasizing the reinstatement of welfare as a universal right, adopting progressive taxation policies, promoting cooperative welfare models, and enhancing accountability in welfare service delivery. This critique contributes to the ongoing debates on the role of the state, market, and individual in securing social welfare, advocating for a paradigm shift towards more equitable, inclusive, and democratic welfare policies.