bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automatic detection of mesiodens on panoramic radiographs using artificial intelligence
Authors: Ha Eun-Gyu , Jeon Kug Jin , Kim Young Hyun , Kim Jae-Young , Han Sang-Sun
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence model that can detect mesiodens on panoramic radiographs of various dentition groups. Panoramic radiographs of 612 patients were used for training. A convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on YOLOv3 for detecting mesiodens was developed. The model performance according to three dentition groups (primary, mixed, and permanent dentition) was evaluated, both internally (130 images) and externally (118 images), using a multi-center dataset. To investigate the effect of image preprocessing, contrast-limited histogram equalization (CLAHE) was applied to the original images. The accuracy of the internal test dataset was 96.2% and that of the external test dataset was 89.8% in the original images. For the primary, mixed, and permanent dentition, the accuracy of the internal test dataset was 96.7%, 97.5%, and 93.3%, respectively, and the accuracy of the external test dataset was 86.7%, 95.3%, and 86.7%, respectively. The CLAHE images yielded less accurate results than the original images in both test datasets. The proposed model showed good performance in the internal and external test datasets and had the potential for clinical use to detect mesiodens on panoramic radiographs of all dentition types. The CLAHE preprocessing had a negligible effect on model performance.
An insight into thermal properties of BC3-graphene hetero-nanosheets: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Dehaghani Maryam Zarghami , Molaei Fatemeh , Yousefi Farrokh , Sajadi S. Mohammad , Esmaeili Amin , Mohaddespour Ahmad , Farzadian Omid , Habibzadeh Sajjad , Mashhadzadeh Amin Hamed , Spitas Christos , Saeb Mohammad Reza
Published: November 2021

Simulation of thermal properties of graphene hetero-nanosheets is a key step in understanding their performance in nano-electronics where thermal loads and shocks are highly likely. Herein we combine graphene and boron-carbide nanosheets (BC3N) heterogeneous structures to obtain BC3N-graphene hetero-nanosheet (BC3GrHs) as a model semiconductor with tunable properties. Poor thermal properties of such heterostructures would curb their long-term practice. BC3GrHs may be imperfect with grain boundaries comprising non-hexagonal rings, heptagons, and pentagons as topological defects. Therefore, a realistic picture of the thermal properties of BC3GrHs necessitates consideration of grain boundaries of heptagon-pentagon defect pairs. Herein thermal properties of BC3GrHs with various defects were evaluated applying molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. First, temperature profiles along BC3GrHs interface with symmetric and asymmetric pentagon-heptagon pairs at 300 K, ΔT = 40 K, and zero strain were compared. Next, the effect of temperature, strain, and temperature gradient (ΔT) on Kaptiza resistance (interfacial thermal resistance at the grain boundary) was visualized. It was found that Kapitza resistance increases upon an increase of defect density in the grain boundary. Besides, among symmetric grain boundaries, 5–7–6–6 and 5–7–5–7 defect pairs showed the lowest (2 × 10–10 m2 K W−1) and highest (4.9 × 10–10 m2 K W−1) values of Kapitza resistance, respectively. Regarding parameters affecting Kapitza resistance, increased temperature and strain caused the rise and drop in Kaptiza thermal resistance, respectively. However, lengthier nanosheets had lower Kapitza thermal resistance. Moreover, changes in temperature gradient had a negligible effect on the Kapitza resistance.
Selective KRAS G12C inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: chemistry, concurrent pathway alterations, and clinical outcomes
Authors: Palma Gabriela , Khurshid Faisal , Lu Kevin , Woodward Brian , Husain Hatim
Published: November 2021

Cancers harboring mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma homolog (KRAS) gene have been associated with poor prognosis and lack of targeted therapies. KRAS mutations occur in approximately one in four patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with KRAS G12C mutations harbored at approximately 11–16%. Research into KRAS-driven tumors and analytical chemistry have borne a new class of selective small molecules against the KRAS G12C isoform. Phase II data for sotorasib (AMG510) has demonstrated a 37.1% overall response rate (ORR). Adagrasib (MRTX849) has demonstrated a 45% ORR in an early study. While single agent efficacy has been seen, initial data suggest combination approaches are an opportunity to improve outcomes. Here, we present perspectives on the initial progress in targeting KRAS G12C, examine co-mutations evident in KRAS G12C NSCLC, and comment on potential future combinatorial approaches including SHP2, SOS1, MEK, EGFR, mTOR, CDK, and checkpoint blockade which are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. As of May 28, 2021, sotorasib has achieved US FDA approval for patients with KRAS G12C mutant lung cancer after one line of a prior therapy.
A polyaniline-modified electrode surface for boosting the electrocatalysis towards the hydrogen evolution reaction and ethanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Huang Yankun , Bao Feng , Ji Muwei , Hu Yanzhao , Huang Liu , Liu Huichao , Yu Jiali , Cong Guangtao , Zhu Caizhen , Xu Jian
Published: November 2021

Here, polyaniline (PANI) is reported loaded on carbon paper to modify the carbon paper-PANI-Pt electrode surface, tailoring the electrocatalytic capability towards the hydrogen evolution reaction and ethanol oxidation reaction.
M©B7O7+ (M = Ni, Pd, Pt): aromatic molecular stars with a planar heptacoordinate transition metal
Authors: Jin Bo , Sun Rui , Huo Bin , Yuan Caixia , Wu Yan-Bo
Published: November 2021

Global π-aromaticity is absent in thermodynamically stable M©B7O7+ (M = Ni, Pd, Pt) clusters containing seven σ-donating and π-accepting boron atoms and an exotic planar heptacoordinate transition metal atom.
Improving the analysis of biological ensembles through extended similarity measures
Authors: Chang Liwei , Perez Alberto , Miranda-Quintana Ramón Alain
Published: November 2021

We present new algorithms to classify structural ensembles of macromolecules based on the recently proposed extended similarity measures.
Recent developments of Co3O4-based materials as catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Hu Zhenyu , Hao Liping , Quan Fan , Guo Rui
Published: November 2021

The demand for the development of clean and efficient energy is becoming increasingly pressing due to depleting fossil fuels and environmental concerns.
Particle size determines the accumulation of platinum nanoparticles in the estuarine amphipod, Leptocheirus plumulosus
Authors: Sikder Mithun , Eudy Emily , Cai Bo , Chandler G. Thomas , Baalousha Mohammed
Published: November 2021

Determination of size-dependent accumulation of platinum nanoparticles using single particle-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy.
High content drug screening of primary cardiomyocytes based on microfluidics and real-time ultra-large-scale high-resolution imaging
Authors: Huang Liang , Zhang Xu , Feng Yongxiang , Liang Fei , Wang Wenhui
Published: November 2021

Leveraging advances in microfluidics and imaging technology, we setup a new paradigm of large-scale, high-content drug screening solutions for rapid biological processes, like cardiotoxicity.
Side-chain alkylation of toluene with methanol over cesium-ion-exchanged zeolite LSX and X catalysts
Authors: Wang Xiaoxia , Zhao Guoqing , Miao Lei , Hong Zhe , Huang Yanqing , Zhu Zhirong
Published: November 2021

The catalyst CsLSX has a higher basic cation exchange capacity than that of the catalyst CsX. The higher number of aluminum atoms allows the CsLSX catalyst to have more oxygen atoms with a negative charge (Oδ−) in the zeolite framework.
A molecular electron density theory study of the higher-order cycloaddition reactions of tropone with electron-rich ethylenes. The role of the Lewis acid catalyst in the mechanism andpseudocyclicselectivity
Authors: Domingo Luis R. , Pérez Patricia
Published: November 2021

Weak attractive/repulsive electronic interactions control the [4+2]/[8+2]pseudocyclicselectivity in Lewis acid catalyzed cycloaddition reactions of tropone with nucleophilic ethylenes.
Mass spectrometric detection of KRAS protein mutations using molecular imprinting
Authors: Norman Rachel L. , Singh Rajinder , Muskett Frederick W. , Parrott Emma L. , Rufini Alessandro , Langridge James I. , Runau Franscois , Dennison Ashley , Shaw Jacqui A. , Piletska Elena , Canfarotta Francesco , Ng Leong L. , Piletsky Sergey , Jones Donald J. L.
Published: November 2021

We show using Molecular imprinted Polymers (MIPs) and LC-MS/SRM that we can identify the KRAS mutation in cancer patients plasma as well as carry out epitope discovery for drug target evaluation.
Three-dimensional artificial chirality towards low-cost and ultra-sensitive enantioselective sensing
Authors: Kim Yeseul , Kim Hongyoon , Yang Younghwan , Badloe Trevon , Jeon Nara , Rho Junsuk
Published: November 2021

This mini review summarizes the recent advances for practical enantioselective sensing platforms with regard to chiral metamaterials and their optical sensing methods.
Alloying dichalcogenolate-protected Ag21 eight-electron nanoclusters: a DFT investigation
Authors: Gam Franck , Chantrenne Isaac , Kahlal Samia , Chiu Tzu-Hao , Liao Jian-Hong , Liu C. W. , Saillard Jean-Yves
Published: November 2021

The isoelectronic doping of dichalcogenolato nanoclusters of the type [Ag21{E2P(OR)2}12]+ (E = S, Se) by any heteroatom belonging to groups 9–12 is systematically investigated by DFT calculations.
Amide-derived lysine analogues as substrates and inhibitors of histone lysine methyltransferases and acetyltransferases
Authors: Hintzen Jordi C. J. , Merx Jona , Maas Marijn N. , Langens Sabine G. H. A. , White Paul B. , Boltje Thomas J. , Mecinović Jasmin
Published: November 2021

Histone peptides containing easily accessible amide-derived lysine mimics display substrate and inhibition selectivity for biomedicinally important histone lysine methyltransferases over acetyltransferases.
Preparation of hollow tubular TpBD COF and pod-like ZIF-8/H-TpBD COF tubes using a porous anodic aluminum oxide membrane as template
Authors: He Jiayuan , Mo Rijian , Jiang Guangzheng , He Lei , Zhou Chunxia , Qian Zhong-Ji , Hong Pengzhi , Li Chengyong
Published: November 2021

By sacrificing porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane, hollow tubular TpBD (H-TpBD) COF tubes were synthesized and zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) nanoparticles were creatively synthesized in situ in H-TpBD tubes at room temperature.
Fluorescently labeled xylosides offer insight into the biosynthetic pathways of glycosaminoglycans
Authors: Mastio Roberto , Willén Daniel , Söderlund Zackarias , Westergren-Thorsson Gunilla , Manner Sophie , Tykesson Emil , Ellervik Ulf
Published: November 2021

Fluorescently labeled xylosides are taken up by cells and initiate priming of labeled GAG chains of various length.
Rapid and column-free syntheses of acyl fluorides and peptides using ex situ generated thionyl fluoride
Authors: Lee Cayo , Thomson Brodie J. , Sammis Glenn M.
Published: November 2021

Thionyl fluoride (SOF2) was developed as a rapid acid activation peptide coupling reagent for liquid phase peptide synthesis (LPPS) and solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS).
Reusable Co-nanoparticles for general and selective N-alkylation of amines and ammonia with alcohols
Authors: Ma Zhuang , Zhou Bei , Li Xinmin , Kadam Ravishankar G. , Gawande Manoj B. , Petr Martin , Zbořil Radek , Beller Matthias , Jagadeesh Rajenahally V.
Published: November 2021

A general cobalt-catalyzed N-alkylation of amines with alcohols by borrowing hydrogen methodology to prepare different kinds of amines is reported.
Ultra-short helix pitch and spiral ordering in cholesteric liquid crystal revealed by resonant soft X-ray scattering
Authors: Smekhova Alevtina , Novotná Vladimíra , Fekete Ladislav , Abrudan Radu , Fondell Mattis , Hamplová Věra , Ostrovskii Boris I.
Published: November 2021

An ultra-short helix pitch of 104 nm was revealed by anomalous soft X-ray scattering at the carbon K edge and AFM technique in a room temperature cholesteric liquid crystal with a lactate unit in a molecular chain.
Using a Collaborative Academic Conversation Approach to Improve Language and Literacy
Authors: Dunaway Claudia , Lewis Carlee
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

This tutorial describes a comprehensive approach to the development of collaborative academic conversations in older students with language delays and impairments. Support materials including a link to an instructional video are provided.

Conclusions:

These students require systematic, explicit instruction to develop competence and to acquire the thinking and language skills required to productively engage in a collaborative academic conversation. Speech-language pathologists are uniquely equipped to prepare students for gainful participation and to collaborate with classroom teachers, ensuring transfer of language and thinking skills.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16799545
Supporting Content and Disciplinary Literacy Success for Adolescents With LLD: A Blended and Contextualized Morphological Awareness Strategy Approach
Authors: Wolter Julie A. , Green Laura
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

As adolescents progress through the upper grades, reading and writing demands become increasingly challenging for students with and without a language and literacy deficit (LLD). The literacy education community recommends that reading and writing instruction be infused in the academic curriculum and emphasizes disciplinary literacy practices. Disciplinary literacy may be too advanced for adolescents with LLD who have not yet mastered foundational written language skills.

Method:

A discussion is provided for how general strategy instruction, also referred to as a content area or a content literacy approach, might be integrated with disciplinary literacy practices for adolescents with and without LLD. We specifically present how morphological awareness intervention, with an explicit focus on meaning structure and related language analysis of words, can be linked to learning academic vocabulary. Our blended approach includes both content and disciplinary literacy strategies in the context of the academic science curriculum.

Conclusions:

Adolescents with and without LLD require ongoing support of their literacy development well beyond the elementary school years. It is important that this support include not only mastery of foundational general strategies to access complex text content in a proficient manner but also active and explicit reflection on the social complexities of text as it relates to specific disciplines. Together, such instruction and intervention, when directly applied to the academic curriculum, can help older students of all abilities achieve the optimal comprehension and learning required for academic success.
Safety impact of cooperative adaptive cruise control vehicles’ degradation under spatial continuous communication interruption
Authors: Yu Weijie , Hua Xuedong , Zhao De , Wang Wei , Xiang Yun
Published: November 2021

Cooperative adaptive cruise control is recognised as an effective means to reduce the rear‐end collision caused by the delayed reaction and improper driving behaviours of manually driven vehicles. However, vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication, as the key to collect information for the cooperative adaptive cruise control system, is likely to be interrupted by malicious attacks and equipment failures. When communication interruption occurs, sensors of the adaptive cruise control system will replace vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication for information collection, that is, cooperative adaptive cruise control vehicles degrade to adaptive cruise control vehicles automatically, causing an increased rear‐end collision risk. This study aims to investigate the safety impact of cooperative adaptive cruise control vehicles’ degradation under spatial continuous communication interruption. A mixed platoon, consisting of cooperative adaptive cruise control vehicles, adaptive cruise control vehicles, manually driven vehicles, and improved manually driven vehicles with information‐sending devices, is simulated with the realistic cooperative adaptive cruise control and adaptive cruise control model, and the intelligent driver model. Different platoon forms are discussed by adjusting the quantity and position of manually driven vehicles in the mixed platoon. The results show that manually driven vehicles can effectively block the backward extension of speed fluctuation and reduce the rear‐end collision risk under the spatial continuous communication interruption. Nevertheless, equipping manually driven vehicles with information‐sending devices weakens the ability to defend against communication interruption.
Radar main‐lobe jamming suppression and identification based on robust whitening Blind Source Separation and Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Gao Sheng , Yang Xiaopeng , Lan Tian , Han Bowen , Sun Haoran , Yu Zhichao
Published: November 2021

The main‐lobe jamming causes serious degradation of radar system performance in practical applications. In recent years, the Blind Source Separation (BSS) method has been applied to suppress the main‐lobe jamming. However, the received echoes of target and jamming cannot be effectively identified while the robustness of the conventional BSS method is poor due to the influence of system noise. To tackle these problems, a radar main‐lobe jamming suppression and identification method is proposed based on robust whitening BSS and Convolutional Neural Networks methods. First, the target echoes and jamming are separated by the proposed robust whitening BSS method. An iterative optimisation method is proposed to obtain the robust whitening matrix, and sufficient conditions are provided for solvability. Then, a Target echo and Jamming Identification Network (TJINet) is proposed to identify the signals after the robust whitening BSS. The proposed TJINet method uses residual blocks and branch structures to improve classification performance and utilises asymmetric convolution blocks to extract subtle features between the target echo and deceptive jamming. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method has better jamming suppression performance than the traditional methods under low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) conditions, the algorithm converges faster, and also can stably identify the target echo and jamming signals.
The CubeSpec space mission
Authors: Bowman D. M. , Vandenbussche B. , Sana H. , Tkachenko A. , Raskin G. , Delabie T. , Vandoren B. , Royer P. , Garcia S. , Van Reeth T. ,   the CubeSpec Collaboration
Published: November 2021

Context. There is currently a niche for providing high-cadence, high resolution, time-series optical spectroscopy from space, which can be filled by using a low-cost cubesat mission. The Belgian-led ESA/KU Leuven CubeSpec mission is specifically designed to provide space-based, low-cost spectroscopy with specific capabilities that can be optimised for a particular science need. Approved as an ESA in-orbit demonstrator, the CubeSpec satellite’s primary science objective will be to focus on obtaining high-cadence, high resolution optical spectroscopic data to facilitate asteroseismology of pulsating massive stars.

Aims. In this first paper, we aim to search for pulsating massive stars suitable for the CubeSpec mission, specifically β Cep stars, which typically require time-series spectroscopy to identify the geometry of their pulsation modes.

Methods. Based on the science requirements needed to enable asteroseismology of massive stars with the capabilities of CubeSpec’s spectrograph, we combined a literature study for pulsation with the analysis of recent high-cadence time-series photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission to classify the variability for stars brighter than V ≤ 4 mag and between O9 and B3 in spectral type.

Results. Among the 90 stars that meet our magnitude and spectral type requirements, we identified 23 promising β Cep stars with high-amplitude (non-)radial pulsation modes with frequencies below 7 d−1. Using further constraints on projected rotational velocities, pulsation amplitudes, and the number of pulsation modes, we devised a prioritised target list for the CubeSpec mission according to its science requirements and the potential of the targets for asteroseismology. The full target catalogue further provides a modern TESS-based review of line profile and photometric variability properties among bright O9–B3 stars.
Ambulante spezialfachärztliche Versorgung: ein einfacher webbasierter Weg zu den Abrechnungsmöglichkeiten und -ziffern
Authors: Schäfer David , Schäfer Wolfgang
Published: November 2021

Die ambulante spezialfachärztliche Versorgung (ASV) wurde eingeführt, um die Diagnostik und Behandlung komplexer, schwer therapierbarer und/oder seltener Erkrankungen zu verbessern. Bei einer Vielzahl von Untergruppen in der ASV ist es schwierig zu erkennen, an welcher dieser Untergruppen die Fachgruppe Nuklearmedizin beteiligt ist und welche Ziffern abgerechnet werden können. Ziel war es daher, einen einfachen webbasierten Zugangsweg zu den Abrechnungsmöglichkeiten und -ziffern zu entwickeln.
Energy management and control optimization of marine current power system based on hybrid energy storage system
Authors: Han Jin Gang , Li Xu , Tang Tian Hao
Published: November 2021

Due to climate change and the risk of depletion of traditional fossil energy, developing renewable energy has become a common consensus of the international community. Marine current energy is regarded as the most desirable form of ocean energy due to its high density and strong predictability. However, the variations of marine current velocity caused by the swell effect lead to the fluctuation of marine current power. In this paper, an energy management strategy based on a Two-Stage Fuzzy Logical Controller (TSFLC) is proposed to redistribute the marine current power and abate marine current power fluctuation. The hybrid energy storage system composed of vanadium redox flow battery and supercapacitor banks (SCB) is applied to smooth the marine current power and improve the power quality according to the energy management strategy. Meanwhile, TSFLC can reduce the rated capacity of SCB, avoid the overcharge and over-discharge of the SCB, and keep the state of charge of SCB within a reasonable range. Furthermore, for better tracking performance and smaller steady-state error, particle swarm optimization is applied to tune the parameters of the PI controller in the SCB control loop. A simulation model of a 3-MW marine current power system is built to verify the effectiveness of the control strategy.
Optical and dielectric properties of MoO3 nanosheets for van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Andres-Penares Daniel , Brotons-Gisbert Mauro , Bonato Cristian , Sánchez-Royo Juan F. , Gerardot Brian D.
Published: November 2021

Two-dimensional (2D) insulators are a key element in the design and fabrication of van der Waals heterostructures. They are vital as transparent dielectric spacers whose thickness can influence the photonic, electronic, and optoelectronic properties of 2D devices. Simultaneously, they provide the protection of active layers in the heterostructure. For these critical roles, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is the dominant choice due to its large bandgap, atomic flatness, low defect density, and encapsulation properties. However, the broad catalogue of 2D insulators offers exciting opportunities to replace hBN in certain applications that require transparent thin layers with additional optical degrees of freedom. Here, we investigate the potential of single-crystalline molybdenum oxide (MoO3) as an alternative 2D insulator for the design of nanodevices that require precise adjustment of the light polarization at the nanometer scale. First, we measure wavelength-dependent refractive indices of MoO3 along its three main crystal axes and determine the in-plane and out-of-plane anisotropy of its optical properties. We find that the birefringence in MoO3 nanosheets compares favorably with other 2D materials that exhibit strong birefringence, such as black phosphorus, ReS2, or ReSe2, in particular in the visible spectral range, where MoO3 has the unique advantage of transparency. Finally, we demonstrate the suitability of MoO3 for dielectric encapsulation by reporting linewidth narrowing and reduced inhomogeneous broadening of 2D excitons and optically active quantum emitters, respectively, in a prototypical monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenide semiconductor. These results show the potential of MoO3 as a 2D dielectric layer for manipulation of the light polarization in vertical 2D heterostructures.
Qubit–qubit entanglement mediated by epsilon-near-zero waveguide reservoirs
Authors: Issah Ibrahim , Caglayan Humeyra
Published: November 2021

This work investigates qubit entanglement in rolled-up and plasmonic rectangular epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) waveguide reservoirs. We explore the robust entanglement of qubits coupled to these reservoirs using the concurrence metric formalism and the emergence of driven steady-state entanglement under continuous pumping. The results indicate that the proposed rolled-up ENZ waveguide shows a high long-range entanglement of qubits embedded within as compared to the rectangular ENZ waveguide channel.
Long-term effects of tillage systems on liming efficiency, soil chemical properties and wheat yield in Southern Brazil
Authors: Silva Sérgio Ricardo , dos Santos Henrique Pereira , Lollato Rômulo Pisa , Santi Anderson , Fontaneli Renato Serena
Published: November 2021

Context Sustainable management of the soil is one of the pillars of conservation agriculture (CA). Aims The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of soil management systems (SMS) on liming efficiency, soil chemical properties and wheat yield. Methods This study was part of a long-term experiment established in 1986 in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, but using data from 2008 to 2015 to explore the effects of agricultural lime applied in 2008. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design where the main plot (SMS) were arranged in randomised blocks and the cropping systems (sub-plot treatments) were randomised within the main plots. This study assessed the effects of the SMS; i.e. two CA systems [no-tillage (NT) and reduced tillage] and two conventional tillage (CT) systems (disk ploughing + disk harrowing annually, and mouldboard ploughing + disk harrowing annually). Key results The NT system was the most sustainable due to improvements in soil organic carbon concentration. After liming, CT systems were more effective than CA systems in decreasing Al3+ toxicity and increasing soil pH and Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations at deeper soil layers. The NT system had a considerable advantage over other SMS, due to a greater average wheat yield (18%). Conclusions The SMS evaluated in this study modified chemical properties when compared with the native forest area. The NT system was the least detrimental to soil organic carbon, an important indicator of soil quality. Implications The NT system provided greater average wheat yield (18%), and thus was the most viable SMS for subtropical spring wheat production.
Palatini approach and large-scale magnetogenesis
Authors: Giovannini Massimo
Published: November 2021

Large-scale magnetogenesis is analyzed within the Palatini approach when the gravitational action is supplemented by a contribution that is nonlinear in the Einstein-Hilbert term. While the addition of the nonlinear terms does not affect the scalar modes of the geometry during the inflationary phase, the tensor-to-scalar ratio is nonetheless suppressed. In this context it is plausible to have a stiff phase following the standard inflationary stage provided the potential has a quintessential form. The large-scale magnetic fields can even be a fraction of the nG over typical length scales of the order of the Mpc prior to the gravitational collapse of the protogalaxy.
Energy and multiplicity dependence of hadronic resonance production with ALICE at the LHC
Authors: Badalà Angela
Published: November 2021

The study of hadronic resonances plays an important role both in pp and in heavy-ion collisions. Since the lifetimes of short-lived resonances are comparable with the lifetime of the fireball formed in heavy-ion collisions, regeneration and re-scattering effects can modify the measured yields, especially at low transverse momentum. Measurements in pp collisions at different energies constitute a baseline for studies in heavy-ion collisions and provide constraints for tuning QCD-inspired event generators. Furthermore, high multiplicity pp collisions, where the density and the volume of the system are expected to be larger compared to minimum bias pp collisions, can help in the search for the onset of collective phenomena. Here we present recent results on short-lived hadronic resonances obtained by the ALICE experiment at LHC energies in different collision systems (pp, p–Pb and Pb–Pb) including new results obtained in Xe–Xe collisions. The ALICE results on transverse momentum spectra, yields and their ratios to long-lived particles will be discussed.
Measurements of

Λc+

in pp, p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions with ALICE at the LHC
Authors: Hills C
Published: November 2021

The baryon-to-meson ratio

Λ
c
+

/

D
0

and the nuclear modification factor RAA in the charm sector are important observables to gain an understanding of how charm quarks hadronise and lose energy in the Quark-Gluon Plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions. In this contribution, recent measurements performed with the ALICE detector in pp, p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV are presented and compared with previous measurements in pp collisions at 7 TeV, measurements by the LHCb Collaboration and theoretical model predictions.
Features of the near-wall flow in a vortex chamber with an end-wall swirler
Authors: Abdrakhmanov R Kh
Published: November 2021

The results of a study of the near-wall flow of air in a vortex chamber with an end-wall swirler by the method of oil-flow visualization are presented. The influence of the mass flow rate on a near-wall flow of the vortex chamber is studied. The experimental results demonstrate the presence of separation flow on the cylindrical surface near the blind end-wall, and the non-uniformity of the near-wall flow on the end-wall with swirler. It is shown that when increasing the mass flow rate, the separation zone shifts to the blind end-wall, and its width decreases. In addition, distributions of the swirl angle of the flow on the cylindrical wall along the height of the chamber are obtained.
Overview of the III International Conference on Applied Physics, Information Technologies and Engineering – APITECH-III 2021
Authors: Kovalev Igor V , Voroshilova Anna A , Testoyedov Nikolay A
Published: November 2021

The overview describes the main directions and results of the III International Conference APITECH-III 2021 held in Krasnoyarsk from September 24 to October 3, 2021. It gives the details about the participants and the proceedings. The purpose of the Conference is to share the experience of leading experts in the application of modern methods of applied physics and information technology in high-tech production, in the fields of aerospace, energy, chemical and oil and gas engineering, as well as in modern areas of neuroinformatics and modeling of nonequilibrium systems. The JSC “ISS-Reshetnev Company” and Siberian Scientific Centre DNIT sponsored the Conference.
Control model of parallel functioning production modules as fuzzy Petri nets
Authors: Mustafayev V A , Zeynalabdiyeva I S , Kravets O Ja
Published: November 2021

The article presents the results of research of Data Mining methods with Microsoft SQL Server. Microsoft Clustering algorithm was used for improving the effectiveness of medical prevention and treatment in a cohort of patients with arterial hypertension. There are rationales for monitoring of cardiovascular risk and desire to correct the risk with Data Mining at medical decision support systems. Authors used medical and sociological monitoring data from regional clinical hospital. The segmentation of arterial hypertension patients was performed using Microsoft Clustering algorithm. As a result, a quantitative assessment of the population profile for patients with arterial hypertension was obtained. The authors presented diagrams and profiles of clusters. They were compared. The developed approach is applied for decision support at regional health information management system for reduce of cardiovascular risk.
Information technologies for creating spatiotemporal modems multiposition active-passive radar systems
Authors: Zhukov A O , Zhilyakov E G , Oleynik I I , Orishchuk S G , Fedorov P A , Kartsan I N
Published: November 2021

The methods of synthesis of the directional diagram of active transmitting antenna arrays when receiving signals reflected from radar targets are considered. It is shown that when using multifrequency orthogonal coherent signals in the elements and addressable access at their reception it is possible to provide a small level of the side lobes of the spatial uncertainty function in a given sector of observation by selecting the type of intrapulse modulation of partial signals. Orthogonalization of antenna basis of transmitting and receiving antennas allows digital spectral-correlation processing of samples of aggregate signal from each target to solve the technological problem of multidimensional observation space in multiposition systems of coherent radiolocation when detecting, resolving, estimating coordinates and motion parameters of targets. The results of simulation modeling of spatio-temporal radar modems implemented according to the stated principles are given.
Influence of low-energy proton irradiation on the effective lifetime in the space charge region of silicon n+-p junctions
Authors: Bogatov N M , Grigoryan L R , Kovalenko M S , Volodin V S , Voloshin M A
Published: November 2021

The effect of low-energy proton irradiation on the pulse characteristics of siliconn+-p-p+structures is analyzed. It is shown that irradiation with protons with an energy of 180 keV and a dose of 1015cm−2creates a region with an effective lifetime of 5.5·10−8s in the space charge region of then+-pjunction. Such elements can be used to create high-speed photodiodes with an operating modulation frequency of 18 MHz.
Shape measures of generalized beta distributions
Authors: Polosin V G
Published: November 2021

This paper presents shape measures for generalized beta distributions that unit many subfamilies of distributions. For the study of complex systems, the information entropy of the whole family of the generalized beta distribution is obtained. The paper uses the interval of entropy uncertainty as an estimate of the entropy uncertainty for probable models, which are given in units of an observable random variable. The entropy uncertainty interval was used to construct the entropy coefficient of unbiased subfamilies of the generalized beta distribution. Particular entropy coefficients are given for frequently used subfamilies of beta distribution, that greatly facilitates the use of coefficients as independent information measures in determining the shape of models. The paper contains the most general formulas for probabilistic measures of the distributions shape also.
Analysis of the engineering mathematical model of the physical properties of a three-layer hydroacoustic screen with anisotropic components
Authors: Storozhev S V , Storozhev V I , Bolnokin V E , Sorokin S A
Published: November 2021

A numerical-analytical technique for analyzing the physical effects of the formation of fields of hydroacoustic waves in the area in front of a flat three-layer hydroacoustic screen and in the space behind the screen at normal incidence of a stationary hydroacoustic wave on it is presented. The engineering model of the screen uses the assumption that its components are made of anisotropic functional-gradient materials with exponential inhomogeneity in thickness, and thin, absolutely flexible, inextensible coatings can be applied to the outer and contact surfaces of the layers. The technique is based on the analytical integration of the equations of wave deformation of the screen components and obtaining complex amplitude characteristics for the reflected and generated hydroacoustic waves behind the screen when solving a system of algebraic equations with a functional matrix, which follows from the boundary conditions for the investigated problem. Parametric descriptions for the characteristics of the investigated physical fields are obtained and examples of numerical analysis of the considered engineering model are presented.
A method of designing equipment for heat processing of polymer workpieces
Authors: Glebov A O , Karpushkin S V
Published: November 2021

The paper describes a method of designing heating equipment that maintains a predetermined temperature field. The method consists in sequential solution of two problems. At the first stage, the heat generation field was calculated using the stationary heat conduction equation. At the second stage, parametric optimization of the temperature field was performed with reference to the power and configuration limits of the heaters. To test this method, the problem of maintaining a predetermined non-uniform temperature field was solved. A practical example of the application of the method for designing a uniform heating plate used in vulcanizing presses was given. To assess the efficiency of the plate, the results of modeling the heat processing of a workpiece from a rubber mixture were presented.
Principles of discrete-event modeling of physical processes during technical surfaces contact interaction
Authors: Rachishkin A A
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of computer modeling used in physical experiments field on rough surfaces contact interaction. Methods for constructing the software model are given. The description of a single irregularity in the form of revolution ellipsoid segment is presented and an algorithm for rough surface three-dimensional modeling based on it is proposed. Some assumptions made for generating surface topography do not significantly affect the simulation validity. Taking into account the individual parameters of each irregularity and the algorithm for their distribution make it possible to create inhomogeneous rough surfaces that are close to real ones relative to the physical experiments being carried out. The general principles of the software architecture and the data storage model of discrete-event modeling system of rough surface contact interaction are described. The developed software can be used for modeling the rough surfaces contact interaction, for researching of tribo-interface units’ parameters, predicting the characteristics of frictional interaction and tribotechnical tests computer simulation.
Energy transfer in luminescence composite materials based on mesogenic europium (III) complexes and some semiconducting polymers according to quantum-chemical simulation
Authors: Romanova K A , Galyametdinov Yu G
Published: November 2021

A TDDFT study of energy transfer processes in luminescence composite materials based on mesogenic europium (III) complexes with substituted β-diketones and Lewis bases and some semiconducting polymers is presented. The calculated energies of the lowest singlet and triplet excited states of ligands and polymers were used to construct the energy level diagrams and indentify the main channels of intramolecular energy transfer. A system of a complex and a polymer, which is most preferable for practical application in optoelectronics, was selected. The simulated data agree well with the experiment.
Investigation of the rupture of a synthetic tape within the framework of the percolation theory
Authors: Kozlitin R A , Udodov V N
Published: November 2021

Within the framework of the percolation theory (bond problem), a new model of breaking a complex synthetic tape is proposed as a continuous-type phase transition when the state jump is zero. The percolation threshold and accompanying characteristics are calculated for the model of rupture of a synthetic reinforced tape when flowing along the first and second neighbours. The knots of the tape form a strip of a square lattice, the width of which is fixed. All nodes are intact and cannot be damaged, links (tape threads) can be intact and broken (blocked). The dependences of the percolation threshold in the bond problem and the relative deviation of the threshold from the ribbon length are calculated. It is proved that for the simplest model of one-dimensional percolation with percolation along the nearest neighbours (the problem of nodes), the percolation threshold in the thermodynamic limit is equal to unity. It is shown that, with an accuracy of 10%, the percolation threshold for a sufficiently long ribbon is equal to unity. This indicates that the system is quasi-one-dimensional. Thus, using the method of computer simulation, the percolation threshold, root-mean-square and relative threshold deviations were calculated. The critical susceptibility index was also calculated. In contrast to the usual percolation problem, in the proposed model it makes sense to consider only the region above the percolation threshold. The proposed model can be generalized to the case when nodes are also damaged (blocked), then we come to a mixed percolation model, which is supposed to be considered in the future.
Coherent demodulation of the two-level APSK signals with the symbol amplitude estimation
Authors: Chernoyarov O V , Glushkov A N , Litvinenko V P , Mironov V A , Salnikova A V
Published: November 2021

The study focuses on the algorithms for the coherent demodulation of the two-level amplitude phase-shift keyed signals with an estimate of the received symbol amplitude carried out by its relative comparison with the preceding symbol amplitude. Determining calibrated values of the symbol amplitudes in order to compare them with the preset threshold values is considered unnecessary in this case. Phase demodulation is implemented based on the phase detector of the multi-level phase-shift keyed signals. Symbol amplitudes are determined by the quadrature channels responses. Both analog and digital demodulation algorithms are considered. Simulation of the demodulation algorithm is carried out.
Influence of the radiation pattern errors for the correlation interferometer
Authors: Fateev A A , Tokarev A B , Chernoyarov O V , Salnikova A V
Published: November 2021

While designing phase-correlation direction finders, as antenna components, the non-directional ones are usually applied. Mounting the non-directional antenna components provides certain new options but makes the bearing computation procedure more problematic. In the present paper, the feasibility of using the directional antenna components is discussed and confirmed in terms of its positive influence on the stability of the bearing results in the case when the deviations of the implementations of the actual diagrams of the antenna components from their reference model occur.
A rectangular radio pulse propagation in a selectively absorbing medium
Authors: Bukhman N S , Kulikova A V
Published: November 2021

A pulse with rectangular envelope propagation, in which carrier frequency is close to the medium spectral absorption line’s one frequency, is considered. It is shown that when the signal carrier frequency is shifted relative to the spectral line centre, the primary interference and the response signal can lead to the total signal significant oscillations over time.
Seam welds quality control improvement using method of pseudo-color coding images
Authors: Noskov M F
Published: November 2021

The method of seam welds quality control using X-ray is considered. The X-ray methods of control are based on the capability of gamma radiation to penetrate through a metal including welded areas. Regions having defects - pores, faulty welds, cracks, scale inclusions - look darker on images. Appearance, linear dimensions and depths of the defects usually are determined by a visual examination comparing the X-ray image with standard defects images. It is known that a human eye can distinguish not more than 12-15 shades on a black and white image but more than a hundred on a colored image. The paper considers possibilities of the developed method by the author and based on the optical mixing of two or three complementary colors - red, blue and green. The method can use only one pair of the colors at a time, i.e. it is possible to have three various pairs for a pseudo-color image. The obtained pseudo-color image has the same informational capacity as the original black and white image. But the greater fraction of the saved information becomes available for visual examination of the X-ray image. In the end the efficiency of the seam weld quality control increases.
Dynamics of shock waves in bubble zones of finite size with a hydrate-forming gas
Authors: Chiglintseva A S , Gimaltdinov I K , Chiglintsev I A , Nasyrov A A
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to study the dynamics of the wave field, which is realized in a channel with a liquid containing a rectangular zone with bubbles of the freon-12 hydrate-forming gas during the propagation of a pressure shock wave. In the initial state, the considered gas-liquid system is under pressure P0. After a sudden increase in pressure to the value of Pe, a pressure wave of a stepped profile propagates in the system and, as a result of the presence of a bubble curtain, its amplitude increases, which in turn has a more favorable effect on the formation of hydrate in gas bubbles. In the initial state, the hydrate formation process was not taken into account. As a result, the dynamics of the pressure wave is shown during its propagation in a semi-infinite channel containing a gas curtain with a hydrate-forming gas. The mechanism of gas hydrate formation is described in this work on the basis of the theory of nonequilibrium phase transitions in vapor-liquid systems.
Virtual reality as a tool for training specialists in the field of radiation non-destructive testing
Authors: Kovshov E E , Kuvshinnikov V S
Published: November 2021

Organizational, technical and methodological approaches to the creation and application of virtual reality in additional education are considered. Particularly for use and development of a digital radiography simulator in non-destructive testing of products and materials. It is noted that virtual reality technologies are most widely used in training and knowledge testing of engineering and technical personnel and workers in production, as well as in technological preparation during complex and exacting operations, including products and materials testing. The pilot solutions obtained and tested to date allow us to evaluate the results of complex scientific research. The prospects of expanding the applicability range of software and hardware virtual reality solutions, including those based on network interfaces, protocols and telecommunications solutions, are determined.