bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONTINUOUS ELEMENT FORMULATIONS FOR COMPOSITE RING-STIFFENED CYLINDRICAL SHELLS
Authors: Le Nam Bich , Nguyen Cuong Manh , Tran Thinh Ich
Published: August 2018

This research studies the free vibration of composite ring-stiffened cylindrical shells by the continuous element method (CEM). The dynamic stiffness matrix (DSM) of the investigated structure has been constructed based on the analytical solutions of the governing equations of motion for composite cylindrical shells and annular plates. By applying the powerful assembly procedure of continuous elements method, natural frequencies and harmonic responses of composite ring-stiffened cylindrical shells have been obtained. In addition, the proposed model allows extracting exactly ring-stiffener vibration modes by choosing appropriate points of response. Numerical examples have confirmed many advantages of the developed model.
STUDY ON CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE LICHEN PARMOTREMA TINCTORUM (NYL.) HALE (PARMELIACEAE)
Authors: Tram Nguyen Thi Thu , Huyen Vu Thi , Pascal Retailleau
Published: August 2018

A phytochemical investigation was conducted on a foliose lichen, Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale, collected in Lam Dong province, Vietnam. Colour reactions for identification of lichen substances (+K deep yellow, +C red, +KC red, + P pale yellow) suggested the presence of atranorin, lecanoric acid, quinones, depsides, and xanthones containing two free hydroxyl groups in meta-position. Chemical constituent study led to the isolation of six compounds, including atranol (1), methyl haematomate (2), divaricatinic acid (3), methyl divaricatinate (4), atranorin (5) and lecanoric acid (6). Their structures were confirmed unambiguously by X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic data and compared with those in references.
Influence of geometrical dimensions on the profile slippage in the hypogerotor pump
Authors: Thai Nguyen Hong , Giang Truong Cong
Published: August 2018

Relative sliding between two profiles in the contact point causes wearing out of the tooth profile. Aiming to evaluate influence of the geometrical dimension parameters of the pump rotor profile on the wear, in this paper, the authors established equation for determining slip coefficient from geometrical dimensions. Furthermore, the authors have investigated and evaluated the phenomenon of the profile slipping in order to find out the geometrical dimensional parameters for avoiding unequal wearing of the inner and outer rotors of the hypogerotor pump
Did medical curiosity kill the cat?
Authors: Bugaj Till Johannes
Published: August 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Curiosity is the urge to explore, understand, and discover anything new. Curious doctors act as 'frontier workers' between the humanities and natural sciences. In their efforts towards trying to "understand" both their patients and their complaints, they function as detectives searching for every seemingly unimportant detail in their constant endeavor of solving the mysterious medical puzzle of illness and providing their ailed patients with adequate help. The curiosity to discover my patients' character, to learn their hopes and desires, to explore their past and current social environment is a crucial part of the manifold studied foundation of what is termed medical empathy. Therefore, nurturing curiosity during the course of medical training should be highly desirable. That said, it seems all the more regrettable that medical education often suppresses the development of curiosity rather than nurtures it, often overemphasizing verifiable facts rather than stimulating more complex thought and reflection processes. The importance of medical curiosity, previously neglected as a potent effect and success factor in the medical-therapeutic setting, should no longer be misunderstood or denied its role. We, as physicians and lecturers, have the power to ignite our students' medical curiosity, if we manage to transmit the "spark". This Personal View by a German MD is intended as a passionate plea for more curiosity in medical education.
Multilevel Factors Affecting Time to Cancer Diagnosis and Care Quality in Botswana
Authors: Brown Carolyn A. , Kohler Racquel E. , John Oaitse , Motswetla Galaletsang , Mmalane Mompati , Tapela Neo , Grover Surbhi , Dryden-Peterson Sarah , Lockman Shahin , Dryden-Peterson Scott L.
Published: August 2018

Background

Cancer incidence is increasing in Africa, and the majority of patients are diagnosed with advanced disease, limiting treatment options and survival. We sought to understand care patterns and factors contributing to delayed diagnosis and treatment initiation among patients with cancer in Botswana.

Patients and Methods

We recruited 20 patients who were enrolled in a prospective cancer cohort in Botswana to a qualitative substudy that explored cancer care pathways and factors affecting cancer care access and quality. We conducted an in-depth interview with each participant between October 2014 and January 2015, using a a structured interview guide with questions about initial cancer symptoms, previous consultations, diagnosis, and care pathways. Medical records were used to confirm dates or treatment details when needed.

Results

Individual and interpersonal factors such as cancer awareness and social support facilitated care-seeking behaviors. However, patients experienced multiple delays in diagnosis and treatment because of provider and health system barriers. Health system factors, such as misdiagnosis, understaffed facilities, poor referral communication and scheduling, and inadequate laboratory reporting systems, affected access to and quality of cancer care.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the need for interventions at the patient, provider, and health system levels to improve cancer care quality and outcomes in Botswana. Results also suggest that widespread cancer education has potential to promote early diagnosis through family and community networks. Identified barriers and facilitators suggest that interventions to improve community education and access to diagnostic technologies could help improve cancer outcomes in this setting.

Implications for Practice

The majority (54%) of patients with cancer in Botswana present with advanced-stage cancer despite universal access to free health care, limiting the options for treatment and decreasing the likelihood of positive treatment outcomes. To reduce time from symptom onset to cancer treatment initiation, causes of delay in cancer care trajectories must be identified. The narratives of the patients interviewed for this study give insight into psychosocial factors, outlooks on disease, lower-level provider delays, and health system barriers that contribute to substantial delays for patients with cancer in Botswana. Identification of problems and barriers is essential for development of effective interventions to mitigate these factors, in order to improve cancer outcomes in this population.
Use of Antidepressant Medications Moderates the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Hospital Length of Stay in Patients with Advanced Cancer
Authors: Wong Risa L. , El-Jawahri Areej , D'Arpino Sara M. , Fuh Charn-Xin , Johnson P. Connor , Lage Daniel E. , Irwin Kelly E. , Pirl William F. , Traeger Lara , Cashavelly Barbara J. , Jackson Vicki A. , Greer Joseph A. , Ryan David P. , Hochberg Ephraim P. , Temel Jennifer S. , Nipp Ryan D.
Published: August 2018

Background

Among patients with cancer, depressive symptoms are associated with worse clinical outcomes, including greater health care utilization. As use of antidepressant medications can improve depressive symptoms, we sought to examine relationships among depressive symptoms, antidepressant medications, and hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients with advanced cancer.

Materials and Methods

From September 2014 to May 2016, we prospectively enrolled patients with advanced cancer who had an unplanned hospitalization. We performed chart review to obtain information regarding documented depressive symptoms in the 3 months prior to admission and use of antidepressant medications at the time of admission. We compared differences in hospital LOS by presence or absence of depressive symptoms and used adjusted linear regression to examine if antidepressant medications moderated these outcomes.

Results

Of 1,036 patients, 126 (12.2%) had depressive symptoms documented prior to admission, and 288 (27.8%) were taking antidepressant medications at the time of admission. Patients with depressive symptoms experienced longer hospital LOS (7.25 vs. 6.13 days; p = .036). Use of antidepressant medications moderated this relationship; among patients not on antidepressant medications, depressive symptoms were associated with longer hospital LOS (7.88 vs. 6.11 days; p = .025), but among those on antidepressant medications, depressive symptoms were not associated with hospital LOS (6.57 vs. 6.17 days; p = .578).

Conclusion

Documented depressive symptoms prior to hospital admission were associated with longer hospital LOS. This effect was restricted to patients not on antidepressant medications. Future studies are needed to investigate if use of antidepressant medications decreases LOS for patients hospitalized with advanced cancer and the mechanisms by which this may occur.

Implications for Practice

This study investigated the prevalence of documented depressive symptoms in patients with advanced cancer in the 3 months prior to an unplanned hospitalization and the prevalence of use of antidepressant medications at time of hospital admission. The relationship of these variables with hospital length of stay was also examined, and it was found that documented depressive symptoms were associated with prolonged hospital length of stay. Interestingly, antidepressant medications moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and hospital length of stay. These findings support the need to recognize and address depressive symptoms among patients with advanced cancer, with potential implications for optimizing health care utilization.
Process parameter optimization for FSW of AA6061/SiC/fly ash AMCs using Taguchi technique
Authors: Sachinkumar  , Narendranath Sannayellapa , Chakradhar Dupadu
Published: August 2018

In this research work, aluminum matrix composite (AMC) plates were welded using friction stir welding (FSW). AMCs contain AA6061 as a base metal with silicon carbide (SiC) and fly ash particles as reinforcements. The FSW process parameters considered in this work were tool rotational speed (revolutions/minute), tool traverse speed (millimeters/minute) and tool tilt angle (degrees). The Taguchi L9 orthogonal array was considered for optimizing the process parameters. Tensile strength and hardness were the two output responses obtained by analyzing joint efficiency and signal/noise ratio. An analysis of variance (Anova) study was conducted to identify the percentage contribution of each process parameter to the output responses. The Anova study concluded that among the three process parameters, tool rotational speed was the most dominant parameter in deciding the tensile strength and hardness of the FSW joints, followed by traverse speed and tool tilt angle. At the end, the results were validated by conducting additional experiments.
Growth and characterization of multilayer hot-filament chemical vapor deposition diamond coatings on WC–Co substrates
Authors: Vieira José , Contin André , Fraga Mariana Amorim , Corat Evaldo José , Airoldi Vladimir Trava
Published: August 2018

The diamond coating of tungsten carbide (WC)–cobalt (Co) hard metals has been the focus of various research activities mainly due to growing interest in diamond-coated tools for industrial machining of different materials. In this work, multilayered diamond coatings have been grown on pretreated tungsten carbide–cobalt substrates by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition. Two types of multilayer coatings have been prepared: (a) three-layer (alternating nanocrystalline diamond and microcrystalline diamond films) and (b) five-layer (alternating ultrananocrystalline and microcrystalline diamond films). The morphology, roughness, structure, thickness, adhesion of these coatings have been investigated using atomic force microscopy, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, nanoindentantion and Rockwell C indentation tests at 600 N load. Raman spectra of the two types of samples exhibited sharp characteristic bands of nanocrystalline diamond and a centered peak at 1340 cm−1. The displacement of this peak in relation to the natural diamond peak (1332 cm−1) can be attributed to graphitic inclusions in diamond grain boundaries and the thermal coefficient mismatch of the multilayer coating–substrate system. Roughness surface measurements showed very smooth surfaces for both samples. Although the substrate has a high binder content, the results show that well-adhered chemical vapor deposition diamond multilayer coatings were produced.
Enfoques de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios de Buenos Aires
Authors: Freiberg Hoffmann Agustín , Fernández Liporace Mercedes , Ledesma Rubén
Published: August 2018

Introducción: los enfoques de aprendizaje aluden a la predisposición para aprender en diferentes situaciones académicas.Objetivo: se analizan estos enfoques (tipos profundo y superficial) en estudiantes universitarios de Buenos Aires.Metodología: participaron 397 estudiantes de diferentes facultades (Exactas y Naturales, Psicología, Ingeniería, Derecho, Medicina) entre 18 y 36 años.Resultados: los resultados mostraron diferencias según sexo en los enfoques profundo y superficial, favorables en el primer caso a las mujeres, y en el segundo a los varones. Con respecto a la variable Facultad, se registraron varias diferencias, destacándose los estudiantes de Exactas y Naturales en el enfoque profundo, y los de Ingeniería en el superficial, en relación con el resto de las facultades. Posteriormente, se analizó la relación entre enfoques y rendimiento académico en cada facultad, verificándose asociaciones estadísticamente significativas para los grupos de Ingeniería y Medicina.Conclusiones: los resultados muestran el efecto que la variable facultad ejerce sobre los enfoques de aprendizaje, dando cuenta de la relevancia que los tipos de enseñanza adquieren en la configuración de aquellos. Las correlaciones observadas con el rendimiento académico resaltan la importancia del tipo de enfoque para ciertas carreras. Se espera que la información presentada contribuya a la planificación de actividades tendientes a mejorar el aprendizaje de contenidos por parte del estudiantado.
Vegetación, clima y relieve: Valoración del geopaisaje de Choccocconiri
Authors: Poma Porras Alan Orlando , Roman Medrano Maria Alejandra , Zegarra López Zabdi Magdalena , Madrigal Perez Glen Bryan
Published: August 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo es la identificación de la vegetación, características del clima y relieve existente en la comunidad de Choccocconiri. El trabajo en campo se realizó con recorridos en sectores diferentes por 5 días, capturando lo encontrado con la cámara fotográfica, el dron Phanton 4 pro permitió captar imágenes panorámicas con 50 metros de altura promedio, para complementar esta información se hizo uso del Mapa de Cobertura Vegetal de Perú y el Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada (NDVI), el NDVI se realizó a través de técnicas de percepción remota utilizando datos satelitales multiesprectales correspondientes al satélite LANDSAT 8. La altitud y pendiente, se obtuvieron a partir de un Modelo Digital de Elevación (MDE) trabajados en el programa Arcgis 10.2; los datos climáticos se obtuvieron del Mapa Climático del Perú. Como resultado se registraron 70 especies vegetales entre líquenes, musgos, algas, gramíneas, árboles y un hongo en tiempo de reproducción; entre estas especies algunas plantas acuáticas y líquenes resultan bioindicadores de la buena calidad ambiental que hay en Choccocconiri. Los datos de campo son corroborados con los datos del Mapa de cobertura vegetal y el NDVI. En conclusión, las variables climáticas (temperatura media de 7°C y precipitación media anual de 700mm), la altitud (3900-4200 msnm), pendiente (suave a moderada) y todos los datos analizados se relacionan con el tipo de vegetación que existe en Choccocconiri. Estos elementos encontrados nos dan un soporte para tener una valoración positiva del geopaisaje de Choccocconiri.
Evaluación de la contaminación sonora vehicular basado en el decreto supremo n°085-2003-pcm reglamento de estándares de calidad ambiental, Jaén, Cajamarca
Authors: Soto Medina Yanira Susana , Cruzado Ancajima Cintia Karely , Carbajal Mogollon Henry
Published: August 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la contaminación sonora vehicular basado en el decreto supremo N° 085 – 2003 PCM en las principales calles de la provincia de Jaén departamento de Cajamarca. El presente estudio tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental descriptivo correlacional de corte transeccional, los niveles de contaminación evaluados en los 13 puntos de monitoreo realizado en horario diurno durante 22 días excedieron en nivel de comparación de 70 decibeles en zona de aplicación comercial de acuerdo a la normativa (D.S. N°085-2003-PCM), nuestras autoridades deben tomar medidas preventivas para no perjudicar la salud de la personar.
Logging into iMicrobe.us v1
Authors: J J. Ponsero Alise
Published: August 2018

Procedure to create an account, loging in and out of iMicrobe and exploring your dashboard.
QA-Bio PNGase F Non-denatured Glycoprotein Protocol v1
Authors: Gibson Mike
Published: August 2018

PNGase F cleaves N-linked (asparagine-linked) oligosaccharides from glycoproteins. The enzyme deaminates asparagine to aspartic acid, leaving the oligosaccharides intact. Denaturation increases the rate of cleavage. Most native proteins can still be completely N-deglycosylated but incubation time must be increased. The enzyme will remain fully active under reaction conditions (37˚C) for at least 96 hours. PNGase F will not remove oligosaccharides containing Alpha-(1,3)-linked core fucose commonly found on plant glycoproteins; for this purpose, use peptide N-glycosidase A.
Endo F1 Protocol for Deglycosylating Glycoproteins v1
Authors: Gibson Mike
Published: August 2018

Endo F1 cleaves Asparagine-linked high mannose or hybrid oligosaccharides. It cleaves between the two N-acetylglucosamine residues in the diacetylchitobiose core of the oligosaccharide, generating a truncated sugar molecule with one N-acetylglucosamine residue remaining on the asparagine. In contrast, PNGase F removes the oligosaccharide intact.
HISTORICAL MEMORY AND PATRIOTISM OF EVERYDAY LIFE
Authors: SHIROKALOVA G. S.
Published: August 2018

The article investigates the reasons for rejection of patriotism during  the preparation and the collapse of the Soviet Union. Among  them we distinguish the material and other possibilities of so-called  “offshore aristocracy” for the management of public opinion in order  to maintain their status through the destruction of sacred  relationship to the history and the state, which was inherent to the  Soviet mentality. The loss of spiritual base could lead to the  destruction of the Russian Federation according to the scenario of  the Soviet Union, that’s why the government - unable to find a new  national idea – had to appeal to the people’s exploit during the Great Patriotic War as a manifestation of the highest level of patriotism.  Since the beginning of the 2000`s, patriotic education becomes the  direction of public policy. Its effectiveness can be measured through  the empirically observable indicators of attitude to historical events  and modernity. The author believes that the historical memory is a  necessary, but insufficient condition for the patriotism formation. Patriotism of everyday life is the feature that brings social  stability to the state. The article presents the data of  sociological research of the youth’s attitudes to the Great Patriotic  War, which was conducted in Nizhniy Novgorod in 2015. The author  comes to the conclusion that as a result of wide-ranging preparation  to 70th anniversary of the Victory, the historical memory was  actualized. However, the question remains how long it will be  possible to maintain the historical identity in the face of increasing social and economic crisis.
THE EUROPEAN UNION’S ATTITUDE TOWARDS RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN RUSSIA (1992-2000)
Authors: SHCHEDRIN V. A.
Published: August 2018

The article is devoted to the problem of observance of human rights  in the Russian Federation in the period from 1992 to 2000 and the  attitude of the European Union towards it. Attention is paid to the  transformation of Russian legislation and the observance of international agreements by the Russian leadership, which aspired to join the European Union. The issue of decisions taken by Russia is  especially considered: the abolition of the death penalty, respect  for the rights of minorities and the development of democratic  institutions. The question is raised about the conflict in the Caucasus  region, according to which neither the Russian Federation nor the European Union found a compromise solution. The author considers the painful issue of  bilateral negotiations between Russia and the European Union,  during which one of the priority conditions for Russia's entry into the European community of nations was the observance of human rights in the Caucasus during the internal Russian conflict. The  Caucasian question aggravated the Russian- European  contradictions, which led to the prolongation of negotiations on  Russia's accession to the EU. It is shown that the observance of  human rights for the Russian side has become a complex issue for a  number of reasons, and the European side has considered it as a  manifestation of interference in the domestic policy of the Russian  state.
REVIEW OF THE BOOK " RUSSIA AND THE PEOPLES OF THE FAR EAST: EXPERIENCE CIVILIZATIONAL AND CULTURAL INTERACTION (17th — 19th centuries)". Ed. by V.A. Turaev. Vladivostok: Nauka, 2016. 364 p. ISBN 978-5-9906118-8-7.
Authors: Chernavskaya V. N.
Published: August 2018

The genre of the article is a review of the collective book devoted to  the problems of interethnic interaction of the peoples of the Far East  of Russia. The main achievements of the scientific team of the  Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of  the Far East of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of  Sciences are analyzed in detail: the logical structure, novelty,  conceptual approaches, judgments about the integration experience  of the indigenous peoples of the Far East in the Russian society at  different historical stages, analysis of relations with migration groups of Chinese and Koreans, rich source and illustrative material,  including the 90s of the XX century. An evaluation of the research  experience is given in the review, taking into account the discussion  point related to the absolutization of ethnic contacts as the main  driving force of the whole historical process.
SOME ASPECTS OF SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF FAMILY EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) IN A SPECIALIZED CENTER
Authors: GREBENNIKOVA V. M. , NIKITINA N. I. , PADYLIN N. Yu.
Published: August 2018

The family is the main environment of life of the child with ADHD,  the determining factor of formation (development) of his personality,  the main determining factor of his future, further  activity. The article States that the family education of chi ldren of  preschool age with ADHD needs highly qualified (highly professional) socio-pedagogical support of a multifunctional team of specialists.  The specialized (multi-profile) psychological, medical and  pedagogical center employs specialists of different profiles, whose  combined efforts will contribute to and provide the choice of the  optimal option of socio-pedagogical support for the family education of a particular child. In the professional activity of the staff of a specialized (multi-profile) center in the field of personal and  business interaction with parents of a child with ADHD laid a huge (psychological, pedagogical, social, medical, sociopedagogical, socio-cultural) potential for the implementation of  technology of socio-pedagogical support of family education of  preschool children with ADHD. The authors argue that the  implementation of the technology of socio-pedagogical support of  family education of older preschoolers with ADHD will be effective if:  the basis of the process of socio-pedagogical support of family  education of older preschoolers with ADHD laid individuallyoriented, differentiated, system-integrated approaches; the content of social and pedagogical support of family  education of senior preschool children with ADHD includes  specialized work of the Center staff (teachers, psychologists,  physicians, defectologists, specialists of physical therapy) in the field of formation of parents an adequate understanding of the situation  of personal development of their child, awareness of the prospects of its further socialization; the technology of the considered support is  implemented taking into account the specifics of the life situation of  a particular family and child, all its nuances; integration of efforts of  specialists of various profile of the Center in the field of diagnostics,  forecasting, realization of the chosen option of social and  pedagogical support of family education of the child is provided. The  materials of the article can be used in the activities of psychological  and pedagogical services of educational institutions of different types  and centers of development of children, as well as in the  course of training of psychologists, teachers on the problem of socio- pedagogical support of family education of preschool children with ADHD.
Influence of the type of anaesthetic support on the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in gynecologic oncology patients
Authors: Basenko O M , Nedbailo I N , Astakhov A A , Sinitskiy A I , Voroshin D G
Published: August 2018

Aim. Determination of the influence of age and type of anesthesia on the patient’s cognitive abilities.

Methods. 30 females who underwent surgical intervention were examined. The first group consisted of 14 patients who received general inhalational anesthesia, group 2 included 16 patients who received general inhalational anesthesia in combination with epidural anesthesia. All patients underwent neuropsychological testing at several stages: one day before the surgery, the first day after surgery, on day 28 after the surgery. Cognitive status was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the clock-drawing test (CLOCK).

Results. Given the combination of indices of both types of neuropsychological testing, postoperative cognitive dysfunction was diagnosed when a decrease by 10% or more of both MMSE and clock-drawing test and the MMSE score in patients with diagnosed postoperative cognitive dysfunction was less than 24 on both days 1 and 28. It should be noted that the results of testing before surgery in all groups of patients showed mild cognitive dysfunction. After the surgery, the measures of intellectual ability significantly decreased. The results of the analysis in the early recovery period in the group of patients who underwent combined anesthesia were significantly higher. And in the group of patients with combined anesthesia compared to the group that received only general anesthesia on day 28, cognitive indices were significantly higher: MMSE — pMW=0.041 and CLOCK — pMW

Conclusion. General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia affects cognitive function of female patients less negatively than the use of general anesthesia alone.
Characteristics and clinical significance of magnetic resonance imaging manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease in acute period of ischemic stroke
Authors: Kayleva N A , Kulesh A A , Gorst N Kh , Bykova A Yu , Drobakha V E , Shestakov V V
Published: August 2018

Aim. To characterize magnetic-resonance imaging manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease in patients in acute period of ischemic stroke and to study their clinical significance.

Methods. 56 patients in acute period of ischemic stroke and 10 subjects without stroke and cognitive impairment were examined. Magnetic-resonance tomography of the brain was performed to all patients and healthy subjects to assess the quantity of lacunes, perivascular spaces, leukoaraiosis and cerebral microbleeds. Based on analysis of 4 neurovisual markers of cerebral small vessel disease, an integral scale was developed. The obtained results were evaluated in association with a wide spectrum of clinical data.

Results. Patients in acute period of ischemic stroke are characterized by higher quantitative expression of certain markers of cerebral small vessel disease in comparison with healthy age-matched subjects. A correlation between neuroimaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease and patients` age, severity and etiology of the stroke was observed. Total expression of cerebral small vessel disease, assessed using the integral score turned out to be higher in the group of stroke than in healthy elderly persons. High rates of certain markers of cerebral small vessel disease and integral scale score are associated with low mobility of patients, neurological deficiency and dependence in daily activities on discharge.

Conclusion. In patients in acute period of ischemic stroke, higher expression of certain markers of cerebral small vessel disease and their total evidence were revealed in comparison with healthy people; total indicator of cerebral small vessel disease expression is associated with neurological and functional outcome of acute period of stroke.
Influence of various treatment methods on the content of cytokines in saliva of patients with chronic sialadenitis
Authors: Aliev S Z
Published: August 2018

Aim. Study of the main cytokines (interleukin-1β and -2, interferon γ) in the mixed saliva from patients with chronic sialadenitis on the basic and comprehensive treatment dynamically.

Methods. During the period of 2014 to 2017 we performed examination and treatment of patients with salivary gland diseases. Out of them we defined a group with chronic non-specific sialadenitis including 45 patients seen in the clinic in exacerbation. Patients in the comparison group received basic treatment. Patients in the study group additionally to conventional treatment were administered local immunotherapy. Measurement of cytokine levels in the oral fluid was performed in 45 patients with chronic sialadenitis in exacerbation and in 10 practically healthy subjects.

Results. The level of interleukin-1β in saliva was found to be significantly increased before treatment (p <0.05). After the treatment interleukin-1β level in saliva decreased in both groups but most significantly this parameter decreased in the study group. After including local immunocorrection into the treatment complex dynamic decrease of interleukin-2 to 14.7±0.4 pg/ml was registered, which apparently is associated with stabilization of immune processes in the oral cavity. After the treatment conducted according to traditional scheme in the comparison group the level of interferon γ in saliva increased to 7.2±0.2 pg/ml which is 1.1 times higher than before treatment.

Conclusion. In patients with chronic sialadenitis in exacerbation the level of interleukin-1β statistically significantly increases by 1. times (p <0.05), interleukin 2 - by 2.1 times (p <0.05) and the level of interferon γ decreases by 1.4 times (p <0.05) which is indicative of immunological signs of inflammatory reaction; use of local immunocorrection leads to more prominent decrease of interleukin-1β (by 20.3 vs 16.2% in comparison group; p <0.05), interleukin-2 (by 38.8 vs 26.6%; p <0.05) and increase of interferon γ (by 21.2 vs 12.5% in comparison group; p <0.05).
Anemia of chronic diseases in patients with dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chepurnaya A N , Nikulicheva V I , Zagidullin I M , Lekhmus T Yu , Rakhmatullina A R , Demkina L S
Published: August 2018

Aim. To estimate the effect of anemia of chronic diseases on the processes of cardiovascular system remodeling in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Methods. The study included 27 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy with anemia, 19 with dilated cardiomyopathy without anemia, 11 with ischemic cardiomyopathy with anemia, 34 with ischemic cardiomyopathy without anemia, and 30 healthy individuals. In these comparison groups, peripheral blood, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean cell hemoglobin concentration, reticulocytes, serum iron and ferritin were examined. Electrocardiography, echocardiography, scintigraphy and coronary angiography were performed.

Results. In all groups identical signs of chronic heart failure class 3 and 4 were found to be predominant, which was confirmed by a significant decrease of blood pressure, stroke volume, ejection fraction, increase of end systolic and diastolic volumes and sizes, as well as left and right atrial size. Patients with dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy with anemia had decreased hemoglobin, number of erythrocytes and platelets, positive correlation between hemoglobin and serum iron (r=0.49, p=0.000), red blood cells and ferritin (r=0.61, p=0.000), negative correlation between hemoglobin and ferritin (r=-0.51, p=0.02). In ischemic cardiomyopathy with anemia positive correlation was found between hemoglobin and serum iron (r=0.54, p=0.000), erythrocytes and ferritin (r=0.49, p=0.03), negative correlation - between hemoglobin and ferritin (r=0.54, p=0.03).

Conclusion. In patients with dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy no significant effect of anemia of chronic diseases on heart remodeling processes was revealed.
Comparative measurement of concentration of lithium, circulating immune complexes and complement activity in blood and lymph in experimental anaphylactic shock and Arthus phenomenon
Authors: Alieva T R
Published: August 2018

Aim. Comparative measurement of concentration of lithium, circulating immune complexes and complement activity in animals’ blood and lymph in experimental anaphylactic shock and Arthus phenomenon.

Methods. Experiments were conducted on 27 chinchilla rabbits in double series. The studied values of lithium, concentration of circulating immune complexes and complement activity in intact animals were used as controls.

Results. On day 7 of sensibilisation before anaphylactic shock the titer of complement components in the blood decreased by 1.4 times (p <0.001) compared to parameters of intact animals, at the stage of anaphylactic shock sharp decrease of its concentration to undetermined values was observed (p <0.001). The blood concentration of circulating immune complexes increased by 4.4 times, and at the stage of anaphylactic shock (day 21) its increase by 7.1 times was observed (p <0.001). Lithium concentration decreased to 0.03 mmol/L at the stage of anaphylactic shock (p <0.001). In Arthus phenomenon at the stage of sensibilisation (day 5) the blood complement titer decreased by 1.1 times (p <0.001), during resolution period - by 10.1 times (p <0.001). The blood concentration of circulating immune complexes increased by 4.5 times (p <0.001) at the stage of sensibilisation (day 5), and at the stage of Arthus phenomenon - by 11.8 times compared to intact animals (p <0.001).

Conclusion. The concentration of circulating immune complexes increases in anaphylactic and immunocomplex reactions, besides, more significantly in Arthus phenomenon (23 r.u. in anaphylactic shock versus 38.1 r.u. in Arthus phenomenon); lithium concentration in anaphylactic shock decreases by 5.2 times which is indicative of inhibitory action of this microelement in allergic reactions.
Pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion syndrome
Authors: Kutepov D E , Zhigalova M S , Pasechnik I N
Published: August 2018

Ischemia/reperfusion syndrome is a collective concept that combines various pathological conditions developing against the background of the restoration of the main blood flow in the organ or limb segment, which has long been subjected to ischemia or traumatic amputation. Intensive care physicians often see ischemia/reperfusion syndrome after restoration of blood supply in patients with critical ischemia of the lower limb. The rate of critical ischemia of the lower limbs ranges from 400 to 1000 cases per 1 million of the population. The number of lower limb amputations due to critical lower limb ischemia in economically developed countries is 13.7-32.3 cases per 100,000 of the population. The main etiological factors of critical lower limb ischemia are atherosclerosis of peripheral vessels and vascular complications of diabetes. The pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion syndrome is based on a complex of pathophysiological changes resulting from the restoration of blood flow in previously ischemic lower limb. Restoration of blood circulation leads to massive flow into the systemic bloodstream of anaerobic metabolism products, free myoglobin, biologically active substances and inflammatory mediators. The main sources of reperfusion damage are activated forms of oxygen, in particular, superoxide radical О2-, nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation products. In the conditions of primary ischemia, and then tissue reperfusion, excessive production of activated oxygen forms leads to damage of biological structures (lipids, proteins, deoxyribonucleic acid), which causes disruption of normal cell functioning or its death due to necrosis or apoptosis, ion pump dysfunction, adhesion of leukocytes and increased vascular permeability.
Comparison of registration parameters of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in different countries
Authors: Garaeva A F , Ziganshin A U , Ziganshina L E
Published: August 2018

Aim. Conduction of quantitative and qualitative analysis of registration parameters of medications of two groups - angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in Russian Federation compared to those of leading drug regulators.

Methods. The whole list of currently existing angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers according to international Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification of drugs was analyzed by quantitative and qualitative characteristics in four national drug regulators: State drug register of the Russian Federation, American drug regulator - Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, and Australian drug regulator - Therapeutic Goods Administration.

Results. It was found that by the number of registered international nonproprietary names and by the number of trade names in the group of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors the leading position is taken by State drug registry of the RF, and in the group of angiotensin II receptor blockers Therapeutic Goods Administration is leading. On the territory of Russian Federation among angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, lisinopril, captopril, perindopril and enalapril are registered in the highest numbers of trade names, and among angiotensin II receptor blockers - losartan and valsartan. The example of the best practice is presented by European Medicines Agency with the lowest number of registered international nonproprietary and trade names. The qualitative analysis of registration parameters of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (accepted indications) revealed that in RF the highest number of indications for both angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers is accepted compared to those of the leading drug regulators. The example of the best practice by this criterion is presented by the European regulator - European Medicines Agency. Based on the understanding that all international nonproprietary names in every analyzed pharmacological group are medications of the «me too» category, the decrease of the number of registration positions by national regulator and thorough analysis of evidence of effects are recommended when approving indications.

Conclusion. In the official state drug registry of RF compared to three foreign drug regulators, the highest number of international nonproprietary names and trade names of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are presented as well as indications for both angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers.
Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair without fixation
Authors: Tarasenko S V , Bogomolov A Yu , Natal'skiy A A , Zaytsev O V , Peskov O D , Kadykova O A , Mokrova A V
Published: August 2018

Aim. Comparison of the immediate and long-term results of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with and without mesh implant fixation.

Methods. The study included 145 patients over 18 years of both genders with inguinal hernias, including those with relapse after auto-hernioplasty. Patients underwent transabdominal preperitoneal hernioplasty with the application of mesh implant. Patients were randomly divided into two groups matched by age, sex and the type of hernias. In group 1 (n=71) patients underwent laparoscopic hernia repair without fixation, which in case of a direct inguinal hernia was supplemented with transverse fascia endoloop plication; and in group 2 (n=74) - laparoscopic hernioplasty using hernia stapler and/or endocorporal suture.

Results. The duration of surgical intervention in compared groups did not differ significantly (p=0.92), there was no recurrence of hernia in either group. The patients of group 1 had less pain syndrome in the early postoperative period, which was expressed in a significantly lower need for narcotic analgesics in terms of the equivalent amount of morphine (p=0.03) and shorter duration of hospital stay (p=0.5). Advantages of laparoscopic hernioplasty without fixation are the following: (1) intensity of pain syndrome in patients operated by this method is less than in patients operated by the traditional method, during both the first 24 hours after the surgery (p=0.45) and on day 5 (p=0.69); (2) there is no need to purchase foreign-made devices (hernia staplers) and self-locking endoprostheses.

Conclusion. The long-term and immediate results of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair without mesh implant fixation are not inferior to the traditional methods of implant application; besides, the studied method has a raw of advantages.
Determination of The Antioxidant Activities of Some Endemic Tanacetum L. (Asteraceae) Taxa Which Have Been Installed in Erzincan and Environment
Authors: CANİKLİOĞLU Ayşe Gül , TÜRKMEN Zafer , KANDEMİR Ali
Published: August 2018

In this study, the antioxidant activities of the
chloroform and the ethanol extracts of the leaves of three different endemic taxa
spreading around Erzincan [Tanacetum heterotomum, Tanacetum
densum subsp. eginense and Tanacetum alyssifolium] were
investigated. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were identified by
using DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, total fenolic content,
total flavonoid content, ABTS radical scavenging activity, metal chelating
activity and determination of total antioxidant capacity methods. Among the
extracts studied, it was determined that, the extracts of Tanacetum heterotomum had the highest activity for many
parameters.
Bir Otonom Elektrikli Tekerlekli Sandalyenin Yörünge Kontrolünde Hesaplamalı Tork Kontrol ve PID Kontrol Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: DUMLU Ahmet , AYTEN Kağan Koray
Published: August 2018

Bu çalışmada bir otonom
elektrikli tekerlekli sandalyenin (OETS) analizi, tasarımı ve gerçek zamanlı
yörünge takip kontrolü gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öncelikle tasarlanan OETS’ nin
kinematik analizi yapılmış ve ardından sistemin tam dinamik modeli Lagrangian
tekniğinden yararlanılarak elde edilmiştir. Sistemin gerçek zamanlı yörünge
izleme performansını artırabilmek için, bu çalışmada farklı kontrol
yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. İlk olarak sistemin yörünge izleme kontrolü
PID kontrolü üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ardından, sistemin yörünge izleme
performansını artırabilmek için OETS’ nin tam dinamik modelinin göz önüne
alındığı Model Tabanlı Hesaplamalı Tork Kontrol yönteminden yararlanılmıştır.
Yapılan gerçek zamanlı yörünge izleme performans deneylerinden elde edilen
sonuçlara göre, sistem için yapılan matematiksel analizlerin doğru olduğu
kanıtlanmış ve özellikle hesaplamalı tork yönteminin kullanılması ile sistemin
yörünge takip kontrolü güçlendirilmiştir.
Anti‐Dam Protests in India: Examining the Profile of the Sardar Sarovar Dam
Authors: Ranjan Amit
Published: August 2018

Almost all protests against large dams in India have failed to stop the construction of the respective projects. The latest one is protest against the Sardar Sarovar Dam. Ignoring the demands of the protestors, the height of the Sardar Sarovar Dam has been increased, and in 2017, finally, the 138.68 m high dam was inaugurated by the Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi. The construction of the Sardar Sarovar Dam has caused submergence of a large area of land and has displaced many people in the Narmada basin. Due to the impact on local communities, the Narmada Bachao Andolan has been leading peaceful protest against the Sardar Sarovar Dam since the 1980s. In addition to the debates on construction of the Sardar Sarovar Dam is the issue of resettlement and rehabilitation of the people and families affected by it. Protestors and activists allege that the people and families affected have not been properly compensated, resettled, and rehabilitated by the government. This paper critically examines the evolution of the Sardar Sarovar Dam, the impact it has on the people and land in its command area, and the history of protest and activism relating to the dam.
Knowledge Management and Integrated Water Resource Management—Types of Knowledge and Key Considerations
Authors: Delfau Karen
Published: August 2018

Knowledge sharing and transfer in the field of Integrated Water Resource Management, on a global scale, can be improved with an understanding of cultural considerations, technical opportunities, and constraints, and the theory underpinning knowledge management. This paper explores existing literature and applies a human centered design approach (customer journey mapping) to collect data. Fourteen semi‐structured interviews with practitioners across the Asia Pacific region provide a basis to understand knowledge management barriers, breakthroughs, and outcomes to support improved knowledge sharing and transfer among water management practitioners. Findings identify a set of areas of needed knowledge, demonstrate that virtual means of knowledge sharing and connection are best supplemented with face‐to‐face interaction, and argue for a facilitated approach to best achieve success. The research conducted in this study serves to support the development of a global community of practice for water management practitioners to better support integrated water management outcomes.
REMINERALIZING THERAPY WITH TOOTH MOUSSE AND PASTE PLUS
Authors: Леонтьева Е. , Leontieva E.Y. , Ткачук О. , Tkachuk O. , Нектаревская И. , Nektarevskaya I.
Published: August 2018

Dental caries is still one of the main diseases dealt with by dentistry, and its diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment occupy the leading place in therapeutical dentistry. the range of products applied in remineralizing therapy is quite wide. the authors of this article study gc tooth mousse and gc mi paste plus as being the most effective for control over tooth hard tissue de- and remineralization process.

 