bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of reinforced concrete columns via genetic algorithm
Authors: Menezes Isabella Silva , Tinoco Vinicius Navarro Varela , Christoforo André Luis , Bomfim Junior Florisvaldo Cardozo , Narques Tarniê Vilela Nunes
Published: January 2023

Reinforced concrete is an essential material in the modern world, and the use of genetic algorithms that aim at the optimization of the structures of this material is an increasingly widespread tool. The objective of the present work was to propose a method by means of a Genetic Algorithm to find the optimized geometry of a rectangular reinforced concrete column based on its cost. The two main parts of the work were developed as: a geometry verification algorithm that received height, base, layers in x and y directions, diameters of transverse and longitudinal steel rebar as the main parameters of the proposed sections, and a genetic algorithm that generated 240 random populations and selected them, crossed among them and then generated new 100 generations of individuals, followed by selection of optimized ones by its penalized cost. The generations had more and more favorable individuals and it was possible to determine an optimized geometry for the proposed example. It is, therefore, concluded that genetic algorithms are useful tools for optimizing reinforced concrete parts with multiple parameters. The proposed algorithm methodology really checks and selects the best individuals for the sections proposed by engineers, and larger initial populations are essential to find a minimum global cost among the different options.
Propofol induced neuroexcitation: an underrecognised complication
Authors: Caldera Manjula Chandragomi , Perera Lakmini
Published: January 2023

Neuroexcitatory symptoms are rare after general anaesthesia. A 39-year-old woman underwent an elective laparoscopic tubal ligation surgery under general anaesthesia and developed myoclonus, muscle hypertonia and hyperreflexia while in the recovery room. Patient required intravenous and oral benzodiazepine to control her symptoms. Serum biochemistry was unremarkable except for high creatine phosphokinase. Neuroimaging, electroencephalogram, and CSF studies were unremarkable. Eventually her symptoms subsided fully. Clinicians should consider the pharmacological adverse effects of all administered agents during general anaesthesia when treating patients with post anaesthetic neuroexcitatory symptoms.
Economic crisis: Its impact on neurology care
Authors: Wanigasinghe Jithangi
Published: January 2023

No abstract available
Monkeys playing video games lead to a paralysed man walking
Authors: Prins Noeline
Published: January 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently results in complete, permanent paralysis. Although it is possible to reverse the effects of incomplete paralysis, complete paralysis effects are permanent. At present, there is no cure for SCI, but engineers can bypass the spinal cord and restore the connection from the brain to the muscles through brain-machine or brain-computer interfaces (BMIs or BCIs). These experiments initially began with rodents and non-human primates (NHPs), which were trained to move cursors, joysticks or robots with their minds beginning in the 20th century. Research progressed to human clinical trials in the late 20th century. In this paper, I present the work done to train a new NHP model for behavioural experiments, how these NHPs were trained, and the neurophysiology involved in training BMI algorithms. With this knowledge, we then moved to non-invasive human clinical trials, in which 8 SCI and 6 control subjects were able to control the opening and closing of their hands with a BCI system using electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from the motor cortex. Finally, we used these algorithms with a SCI subject in an invasive human clinical trial. The subject successfully completed activities of daily living (ADLs) and was able to control an ambulatory device that enabled him to walk upright. The overall accuracy for the BMI was approximately 90% for the upper extremity task and 85% for the lower extremity task. In addition, the subject improved in performance and speed on the Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT) during the 20 weeks of the study. Our subject was then sent home with a mechanical glove to continue performing upper-extremity ADLs in the home environment.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Health Care Professionals Working in Jumbo COVID Care Center Towards Mental Health Care Needs: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Andrade Neelam N. , Kshirsagar Minal Madhukar , Andrade Tanvi , Bandgar Vaibhav V. , Pimpale Sandeep , Chavan Ankush
Published: January 2023

Background:

The present COVID-19 pandemic is a major threat worldwide. Health professionals being within the front line of the COVID-19 outbreak response are at the highest risk of getting infected. Such pandemics are always associated with ill effects on mental health also.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study included all the health care professionals working in the Jumbo COVID Care Center, Mumbai. Details of health care professionals were obtained from the authority of Jumbo COVID Care Center, Mumbai. Amongst 350 health care professionals, 285 responded (Response rate: 81.42%). A questionnaire, consisting of 19 structured, self-administered, and closed-ended questions, was employed online, and information regarding age, gender, profession, etc., was collected. It was then tabulated and subjected further to an analysis.

Results:

Most health care professionals (96.1%) were aware that COVID-19 is not only affecting physical but mental health too, also posts on social media (86.3%) are affecting mental health more than the actual disease. A total of 95.8% agreed that health care/frontline workers are at the highest risk and felt the need for psychiatrists in the present pandemic. (81.4%) They were also worried thinking about elderly people with comorbidities in their homes. (82.1%).

Conclusion:

From the present study, it can be concluded that the present pandemic is affecting not only physical but mental health also, and there is an increased need for psychiatrists and mental health care professionals to overcome the same.
Prevalence of Substance Use and Assessment of Sleep Quality, Stress, and Anxiety in Police Personnel in the Pandemic
Authors: George Ashika B. , Shetty Jyoti V.
Published: January 2023

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic has thrown everyone into crisis mode. Lockdowns have affected police personnel, especially as they were working on the ground level. Our study aims to assess the prevalence of substance use and assess the stress, anxiety, and sleep quality among police personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design:

This design was a cross-sectional study, July–September 2020.

Setting:

This study was conducted at Bharati Vidyapeeth Police Station.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred police personnel were selected at random and interviewed. The Perceived Stress Scale and Symptoms of Stress Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used.

Statistical Analysis:

The collected data were coded and entered in Microsoft Excel sheet, were analyzed using inferential and descriptive analysis as mean, standard deviation, t-test, and Chi-square by Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences version 20.0 software.

Results:

The stress assessed using the SPSS and inferential and descriptive analysis came out to be as follows: 1% with high stress, 33% with moderate stress, and 66% experiencing low stress. The prevalence of CRA was found to be 8%. A total of 31% were found to have some sleep issues. A total of 44% of the police personnel were found to use some substance, with the prevalence of alcohol being 32% and nicotine being 22%. There was no significant association found between anxiety, stress, and sleep quality with substance use in the study. There was no significant relationship found between sociodemographic profile and scores on the scales used.
Sarcina ventriculi associated gastritis
Authors: Attri Nisha , Pareek Rajeev , Dhanetwal Murari , Khan Fayyaz M. , Patel Shitalben
Published: January 2023

Sarcina Ventriculi is a gram-positive anaerobic coccus rarely reported in patients with delayed gastric emptying, emphysematous gastritis, gastric ulcers, and perforation. So far, less than 30 cases of sarcina isolated from the stomach have been reported. Herein, we describe a case of a 66-year-old male with a history of persistent epigastric pain and regurgitation. The upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy revealed gastric erythema, edema, ulceration, and food bezoar. A gastric biopsy was done to rule out lymphoma. On histopathological examination, sarcina Ventriculi was identified. This organism is likely to get underreported as it may not be that obvious on routinely stained biopsies. Given its association with life-threatening illness such as emphysematous gastritis and perforation, awareness of this organism is important. It's presence in gastric biopsies must be mentioned in the report and should prompt the clinicians to investigate further for functional causes of delayed gastric emptying and gastric outlet obstruction like occult malignancy.
Efficacy and safety of biosimilar romiplostim in Indian patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Sharma Chandana , Bora Roslin L. , Phukan Abhijit
Published: January 2023

Context and Aims:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of biosimilar romiplostim in Indian patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

Settings and Design:

Multicentre, retrospective observational study.

Methods and Material:

Patients with chronic ITP who received biosimilar romiplostim from July 2019 to March 2020 across 3 major hospitals in Guwahati, India, were included. The study outcomes were the platelet response (platelet count > 50 × 109/L), time to first response, number of dose-limiting events, and the median effective dose.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive.

Results:

Of 32 patients included in this analysis, majority (59.4%) were females. The mean (SD) age was 40.37 (15.79) years, and mean age at ITP diagnosis was 38.53 years. The median number of romiplostim doses were 27.5 (range: 10-42) over a period of 10 months; median romiplostim dose used was 4.2 μg/kg (range: 2.8-5 μg/kg). Platelet response was achieved as early as after one week in 9 (28.12%) patients, which continued to increase to 24 (75%) patients after the second, 30 (93.75%) patients after the third and all 32 (100%) patients after four weeks of romiplostim administration. The median platelet count was 161 × 109/L. Dose reduction was done in a total of 21 patients. Thrombocytosis (46.88%), elevated liver enzymes (15.63%) and myalgia (15.63%) were the most common adverse events.

Conclusions:

Biosimilar romiplostim was effective in achieving and maintaining platelet response without any new safety concerns in Indian adult patients with chronic ITP. The median effective dose of romiplostim required in our patients was lower as compared with the standard prescribed dose.
Atrophic kidney-like lesion
Authors: Goel Deepa , Modi Shilpi
Published: January 2023

Atrophic kidney like lesion (AKLL) is a recently described benign entity with only 14 cases reported so far. Genitourinary Pathology Society proposed inclusion of AKLL as a provisional entity in 2021. It mimics thyroid follicular-like carcinoma of kidney as it has a follicular architecture. We report a case of an 18-year-old female with detection of renal mass, while the patient was being investigated for abdominal pain. Mediastinal nodes were also enlarged with detection of necrotizing granulomas on biopsy. Histology revealed a tumor enveloped by a thick capsule with smooth muscle fibers, varying sized follicles, interspersed atrophic tubules, and calcifications. Immunohistochemically, the “cystic follicles” show WT1 +/PAX8 -/CK7-phenotype, while atrophic tubules present between “cystic follicles” harbor WT1 -/PAX8 +/CK7 + phenotype. Morphological diagnosis and differential diagnosis will be discussed.
An atypical Trypanosoma lewisi infection in a 22-day-old neonate from India
Authors: Jain Preeti , Goyal Vibhuti , Agrawal Ranjan
Published: January 2023

Reports on atypical human trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma lewisi, are rare and so far a total of 19 reports on human infection with animal trypanosomes, which includes nine cases from Trypanosoma lewisi exist. Trypanosoma lewisi, a Stercorarian trypanosoma of rats, is transmitted by the fecal contamination of the wound or the bite caused by rat flea Ceratophyllus fasciatus. We report here an atypical neonatal infection of T. lewisi in a 22-day-old infant from Agra. The infant presented with a history of high fever, poor appetite, and lethargy for 3 days. The hematological parameters were normal except for a low platelet count. A high C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration of 70.49 mg/L indicated marked inflammation. The Leishman-stained thin blood smears were microscopically positive for the hemoflagellate. Based on the morphological features and further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, the hemoflagellate was identified as T. lewisi. Symptomatic treatment and antibiotic therapy helped in an uneventful recovery of the patient.
Pediatric primary extra-ovarian Sertoli Leydig cell tumor of the retroperitoneum
Authors: Panigrahi Chinmayee , Mishra Pritinanda , Pati Akash Bihari , Das Kanishka , Sable Mukund
Published: January 2023

Ovarian Sertoli Leydig cell tumors (SLCT) accounts for less than 0.5% of all ovarian malignancies. The incidence of primary extra-ovarian SLCT is extremely rare with reported cases occurring in young adult women till now. We report case of primary retroperitoneal extra-ovarian SLCT in a seven-year girl child without any hormonal manifestation. She presented with complaint of left side abdominal swelling associated with intermittent pain for a duration of six months. CT scan revealed a huge retroperitoneal space-occupying lesion abutting the dorsal vertebrae and present posterior to pancreas, spleen and left kidney. The tumor was diagnosed as extraovarian Sertoli Leydig cell tumor with intermediate differentiation on histopathology and immunohistochemistry.
Utility of morphologic assessment of bone marrow biopsy in diagnosis of lysosomal storage disorders
Authors: Nishith Nilay , Siddiqui Saima H. , Raja S. K. R. , Agrawal Neha , Phadke Shubha , Sharma Seema
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are rare disorders and pose a diagnostic challenge for clinicians owing to their generalized symptomatology. In this study, we aim to classify LSDs into two broad categories, namely, Gaucher disease (GD) and Niemann–Pick/Niemann–Pick-like diseases (NP/NP-like diseases) based on the morphology of the storage cells in the bone marrow (BM) aspiration smears and trephine biopsy sections.

Materials and Method:

This retrospective study includes 32 BM specimens morphologically diagnosed as LSDs at our institute, in the last 10 years. Subsequently, they were subclassified into GD and NP/NP-like diseases. Further, we have compared and analyzed the clinical, hematological, and biochemical parameters for the two groups of LSDs.

Results:

Based on BM morphology, 59.4% (n = 19) cases were diagnosed as NP/NP-like diseases and 40.6% (n = 13) cases as GD. Abdominal distension and failure to thrive were the most common clinical manifestations in both groups of LSDs. Anemia and thrombocytopenia were frequently seen in either of the LSDs. On the assessment of metabolic profile, elevated total/direct bilirubin and liver enzymes were more commonly seen in NP/NP-like diseases when compared with GD.

Conclusion:

We have classified LSDs into GD and NP/NP-like diseases based on the morphology of the storage cells in the BM specimen. The hallmark findings on BM biopsy annexed with the comparative features of the two proposed categories can aid the clinician in clinching the diagnosis. Formulation of such a methodology will prove instrumental for patient care in an underresourced setting.
Cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia following varicella infection
Authors: Carvalho Glennys , D'silva Allen , Chandran Prateesh , Manuel Kevin , Kinglsey  , Basheer Aneesh
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare complication of chicken pox. In adults, such AIHA is due to warm antibodies. We report a case of cold antibody AIHA following chicken pox in a young female.

Case Report:

A 24-year-old female presented with clinical and laboratory features consistent with hemolytic anemia 5 days after the onset of chicken pox. Her hemoglobin levels dropped rapidly during the course of admission from 7.9 to 3.8 g/dL with evidence of ongoing haemolysis in the form of rising total and indirect bilirubin. Peripheral smear revealed red cell agglutinates and erythrophagocytosis. Direct Coomb's test (DCT) was positive for C3d suggesting a cold antibody AIHA. Since test for Donath Landsteiner antibody was negative, and all other tests for common causes of hemolytic anemia were noncontributory, it was presumed to be due to chicken pox. The fulminant course necessitated a short course of oral steroids to which she responded with rise in hemoglobin and no further hemolysis. Two weeks later, her peripheral smear was normal and DCT negative.

Conclusion:

In patients presenting with acute onset anemia following chicken pox, possibility of cold antibody AIHA must be considered and appropriate testing pursued. Despite lack of empiric evidence, short course of steroids may be beneficial if drop in hemoglobin is rapid with evidence of fulminant hemolysis, showing no abatement after first week.
SARS-CoV-2 induced changes in the lungs based on autopsy cases
Authors: Pencheva Mina Miroslavova , Genova Sylvia Nikolaeva
Published: January 2023

Context:

Researchers throughout the world devote enormous efforts to reveal the peculiarities of the pathogenesis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, however, it continues to surprise and cause the death of millions of people.

Aims:

This article aims to study the molecular mechanisms provoked by SARS-CoV-2, the virus-induced changes in Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) functionality, in the vascular homeostasis through CD34 expression, B-cell immunity through the expression of CD20 and CD79α, and adhesion molecules through E-cadherin.

Settings and Design:

This was a prospective, descriptive, and observational study.

Methods and Material:

A total of 15 autopsies of patients deceased by COVID-19 infection, confirmed by PCR, were performed. The lungs of all patients were examined histologically and immunohistochemically for ACE2, E-cadherin, CD34, CD20, and CD79α.

Results:

Immunohistological analysis showed increased ACE2 expression in all lung autopsy material affected by COVID-19 infection and we found a higher intensity of ACE2 expression than that of a healthy lung. CD20 examination reveals total deficiency of B-cells in the pulmonary parenchyma and CD79α is also absent. E-Cadherin is not expressed in the basal cellular sections where the contact elements are missing. CD34 demonstrates a desquamation of the endothelial cells, which indicates a direct damage of the vascular walls.

Conclusions:

We found that patients who died after severe COVID-19 had high immune deficiency and impaired intercellular communication in the parenchyma and endothelium of lung tissue, leading to severe thromboembolic complications in patients with multiple diseases.
Clinician's dilemma
Authors: Sharma Shruti , Sharma Akshi , Surya Mukesh , Guleria Sandesh , Bansal Nalini
Published: January 2023

Naproxen is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in pediatric population, used for mild-to-moderate pains, arthritis, and other immune-mediated disorders. It rarely causes clinically apparent liver injury in the adult population taking high doses of the drug over a prolonged period and is reported even rarer in pediatric population. We present a case of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in a 13-year-old girl taking naproxen in therapeutic doses for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. There was a complete recovery of liver function following discontinuation of naproxen therapy.
Biphasic squamoid alveolar renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sherin S Binitta , Gunabooshanam Barathi , Sundaram Sandhya , D' Cruze Lawrence
Published: January 2023

Biphasic squamoid alveolar renal cell carcinoma (BSARCC) is a newly emerging distinct and rare morphologic variant of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular data have shown that BSARCC is closely related to papillary RCC type 1. We report a case of Biphasic squamoid alveolar renal cell carcinoma with a rare presentation as cutaneous metastases. This variant tends to show an aggressive behavior. Hence, accurate histopathological diagnosis can help in effective treatment and for close follow-up of the patients.
Role of anaesthesiologist in the management of an infant with hydrocephalus for shunt surgery
Authors: Radhika B. , Jasmitha Kuraparthi , Peyyety Janaki Subhadra , Ray Aloka Samanta , Rao Mangu Hanumantha
Published: January 2023

Hydrocephalus is a disorder of abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricular system. Accumulation of CSF occurs due to an imbalance between CSF production and absorption. In the new-born and infants, hydrocephalus almost entirely presents as an enlarged head resulting from the separation of cranial bone plates, so any new-born or infant with an enlarged head should undergo evaluation. We report the case of a gross hydrocephalus in a 9-month-old infant (head circumference 55 cm) posted for ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery with anaesthetic consideration of difficult intubation because of such a large head size, positioning, age-related pathophysiology and temperature regulation. The case was managed successfully with an uneventful hospital stay, and a significant decrease in head size was noted.
An infective cause of obstructive jaundice
Authors: Pappu Sai Subrahmanyam , Kamani Naresh Babu , Akula Sushmitha , Raju Y. Sathyanarayana , Chandra Naval
Published: January 2023

A 48-year-old mason, smoker and alcoholic came with complaints of yellowish discolouration of eyes with high coloured urine and pale stools for 15 days. The patient also had abdominal pain that increased on food intake and dyspnoea on exertion. The patient also had anorexia and significant weight loss. On examination, icterus was evident. The blood pressure was 70/50 mm Hg, features of shock were present. Leucocytosis with left shift was observed with conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia was present. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a cystic lesion with peripheral calcification. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed stage 2 hydatid cyst with dilatation of common biliary duct (CBD), right hepatic duct (RHD) and left hepatic duct (LHD) and intrahepatic biliary radicles due to compression at the confluence of RHD and LHD. Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography showed a dilated CBD with multiple filling defects and membranes on balloon sweepage. CBD Stenting was done. Patient's general condition improved and was taken up for surgery.
Predicting childhood overweight status by accelerated weight gain from neonatal period to infancy
Authors: Koohmanaee Shahin , Badeli Hamidreza , Rad Afagh Hassanzadeh , Novin Mohammad Hassan , Mostofizadeh Neda , Dalili Setila , Kazemnejad-Leili Ehsan
Published: January 2023

Background:

The increased prevalence of obesity in early childhood is a public health problem. Childhood obesity may affect cardiorespiratory fitness and can induce obesity and its comorbidities in adulthood. We aimed to assess childhood overweight status by accelerated weight gain during infancy.

Materials and Methods:

This is a historical cohort that was conducted on 637 7-year-old students of Guilan province, north of Iran. Data were collected, including demographic characteristics, weight at 4, 6, 12, and 18 months, and clinical examination. The ROC curve was designated based on the standardized z-scores, and the most appropriate cutoff point by sensitivity and specificity was noted for predicting obesity at 7 years. Rapid weight gain (RWG) was also assessed.

Results:

Among participants, 334 (53.3%) were female. In this study, the mean and standard deviation of RWG in 0–4 months, 0–6 months, 0–12 months, and 0–18 months were 3.50 ± 0.89, 4.64 ± 1.02, 6.54 ± 1.21, and 8.00 ± 1.46 kg, respectively. The highest AUC was dedicated to 0–18 months (0.7 ± 0.05) and the suitable cut-off for RWG in this interval was 8.55 kg with 65.5% and 72.0% sensitivity and specificity, respectively.

Conclusion:

Although in the previous investigations, the changes in the first 3 years of life had a significant role in further complications, regarding our results, it seems that even earlier consideration of excess weight gain may be necessary.
Effectiveness of bosentan in the treatment of systemic sclerosis-related digital ulcers: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hosseinbalam Marziyeh , Nouri Rasool , Farajzadegan Ziba , Mottaghi Peyman
Published: January 2023

Background:

The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist, for systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients with digital ulcers (DUs).

Materials and Methods:

A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus was done using appropriate keywords till September 2021. Weighted mean difference (WMD) as the effect of therapeutic efficacy of bosentan on continuous outcomes was an estimate. Furthermore, the pooled prevalence of diffuse SSc and limited SSc was computed. Fixed or random effects models when appropriate were used for data synthesis.

Results:

Totally, 469 patients, with a mean age ranging from 48.1 to 63.7 years, from 8 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled frequency of diffuse SSc and limited SSc was 56% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 39%, 73%) and 44% (95% CI: 27%, 61%). The pooled prevalence of new DUs following bosentan treatment was 21% (95% CI: 10%, 33%). The results of the meta-analysis showed a pooled mean decrease of WMD: −0.09 (95% CI: −0.020, 0.02, P = 0.10), WMD: −2.82 (95% CI: −5.91, 0.27, P = 0.07), and WMD: −6.65 (95% CI: −9.49, −3.82, P < 0.001) in mean SSc-Health Assessment Questionnaire, pain, and Rodnan score, respectively. Our meta-analysis also indicated a significant pooled decrease in the number of new DUs in SSc patients compared to placebo subjects (WMD: −0.89 [95% CI: −1.40, −0.37; P = 0.001]) and baseline values (WMD: −1.34 (95% CI: −1.95, −0.73; P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Bosentan possibly is an efficacious treatment option for SSc-related DUs. Although further large-scale randomized clinical trials are required to confirm the preliminary finding and underlying mechanisms of action.
Availability and nature of cardiac rehabilitation by province in Iran: A 2018 update of ICCPR's global audit
Authors: Sadeghi Masoumeh , Turk-Adawi Karam , Supervia Marta , Fard Mohammad Rafati , Noohi Fereydoun , Roohafza Hamidreza , Sarrafzadegan Nizal , Grace Sherry L
Published: January 2023

Background:

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is scantly available in Iran, although it is the cost-benefit strategy in cardiac patients, It has not been established how CR is delivered within Iran. This study aimed to determine: (a) availability, density and unmet need for CR, and (b) nature of CR services in Iran by province.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional sub-study of the global CR audit, program availability was determined through cardiovascular networks. An online survey was then disseminated to these programs in June 2016–2017 which assessed capacity and characteristics; a paper-based survey was disseminated in 2018 to nonresponding and any new programs. CR density and need was computed based on annual incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in each province.

Results:

Of the 31 provinces, 12 (38.7%) had CR services. There were 30 programs nationally, all in capital cities; of these, programs in 9 (75.0%) provinces, specifically 22 (73.3%) programs, participated. The national CR density is 1 spot per 7 incident AMI patients/year. Unmet need is greatest in Khuzestan, Tehran and west Azerbaijan, with 44,816 more spots needed/year. Most programs assessed cardiovascular risk factors, and offered comprehensive services, delivered by a multi-disciplinary team, comprised chiefly of nurses, dietitians and cardiologists. Median dose is 14 sessions/program in supervised programs. A third of programs offered home-based services.

Conclusion:

Where programs do exist in IRAN, they are generally delivered in accordance with guidelines. Therefore, we must increase capacity in CR services in all provinces to improve secondary prevention services.
Teaching bioethics needs more than just a module
Authors: Jiandani Mariya Prakash , Ranka Nidhi Mahesh , Thakur Omkar M.
Published: January 2023

CONTEXT:

Ethics is a building block of health-care practice. Medical ethics is values and behavior applied during patient care. It may be ingrained through culture, education, upbringing, and observation. Learning by observation during a clinical posting is a hidden part of the curriculum. With experiential learning, the students may change their attitude and behavior. Whether physiotherapy students have adequate knowledge of principles of bioethics and if it changes with clinical exposure is not known.

AIMS:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of bioethics at entry level and post clinical exposure in physiotherapy students.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

This was a cross-sectional study carried out in physiotherapy school of tertiary care hospital.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

Sixty-five first-year (Group A) and 65 third-year (Group B) physiotherapy undergraduates participated after institutional ethical approval. The knowledge and attitude of medical ethics was evaluated using a prevalidated structured questionnaire.

RESULTS:

Descriptive analysis and responses of Group A and Group B were compared using Mann–Whitney U-test using SPSS 16 software. There was a felt need of more than 90% of students in both the groups for sound knowledge and training in bioethics. A statistically significant difference was obtained in domains of consent, privacy, confidentiality, honesty, and integrity between 1st- and 3rd- year students. There were mixed responses in principles of autonomy, shared decision-making, and professional boundaries. Many respondents were neutral and many statements showed mixed responses indicating lack of knowledge.

CONCLUSIONS:

The study concludes a need for sensitization in bioethics during clinical training to reinforce the principles in physiotherapy undergraduates beyond a formal module.
Association of respiratory muscle strength with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, duration of disease, and physical activity levels in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sahu Shrikant Ramkrishna , Dhake Shreya Rahul
Published: January 2023

CONTEXT:

Type 2 diabetes is a systemic disorder that propagates several pathological processes leading to a plethora of complications including those on skeletal muscle strength and lung function.

AIMS:

This study aims to evaluate the association of glycemic control, duration of disease, and physical activity level on respiratory muscle strength (RMS).

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department setting after approval from the institutional ethics committee.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

The Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of recruited participants was recorded from a recent laboratory test and they were interviewed with the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) tool to obtain their current physical activity levels. The evaluation of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) was performed using the MicroRespiratory Pressure Meter (MicroRPM) device.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was calculated for the RMS variables (MIP and MEP) against HbA1c, duration of disease, and RAPA Score.

RESULTS:

Twenty-six participants were evaluated. Significant correlations were found HbA1c with MIP (r = −0.45, P = 0.02) and RAPA Score with MIP (r = 0.42, P = 0.03) at P < 0.05.

CONCLUSIONS:

Inspiratory muscle strength is well associated with glycemic control and physical activity of the individual.
The prevalence of reduced upper cervical mobility and neck disability among taxi drivers in Mumbai
Authors: Shah Yashvi Sudhir , Saini Ramandeep Kaur
Published: January 2023

AIM:

The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of reduced upper cervical mobility and neck disability among taxi drivers.

MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY:

An observational study was carried out among 120 taxi drivers in the age group of 40–50 years. The assessment was carried out using cervical flexion-rotation test and neck disability index (NDI) questionnaire to assess restriction in the cervical range of motion (ROM) and disability caused in the taxi drivers due to cervicogenic headache (CGH) respectively.

RESULTS:

The results revealed that 47.5% of taxi drivers have restriction in the cervical ROM whereas on NDI the taxi drivers had 18.33% of mild disability. Around 17.50% have reported moderate disability and 2.50% a severe neck disability.

CONCLUSION:

Thus to conclude the prevalence of reduced cervical mobility was high in taxi drivers that probably are due to long-term driving and bad posture. he prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders especially in low back and knee was high in taxi drivers that probably are due to long-term driving and bad posture. The disability could be prevented by education of correct sitting while driving, work station exercises, having sufficient rest in day and night and design of ergonomically seat based on Indian anthropometric sizes.
Об одной проблеме В. В. Немыцкого
Authors: Kalitin Boris Sergeevich
Published: January 2023

Статья посвящена исследованию траекторий в окрестности аттракторов
и слабых аттракторов динамических систем на метрическом пространстве.
Изучены свойства эллиптических и слабо эллиптических точек компактных
инвариантных множеств. Дано решение обобщенной проблемы В. В. Немыцкого
о существовании компактных инвариантных множеств слабо эллиптического типа
для случая асимптотически компактных динамических систем.
Библиография: 30 названий.
Конечномерная редукция систем нелинейных диффузионных уравнений
Authors: Romanov Alexander Vladimirovich
Published: January 2023

Мы предъявляем класс одномерных систем нелинейных параболических
уравнений, для которых фазовая динамика при большом времени
может быть описана ОДУ с липшицевым векторным полем в $\mathbb R^n$.
В рассматриваемом случае краевой задачи Дирихле достаточные условия
конечномерной редукции оказываются существенно шире известных условий
такого рода для периодической ситуации.
Библиография: 14 названий.
О величинах типа модулей непрерывности и аналогах $K$-функционалов
в пространствах $S^{(p,q)}(\sigma^{m-1})$
Authors: Lasuriya Robert Andreevich
Published: January 2023

В статье продолжаются исследования автора, начатые в 2003-2021 годах. Изучаются
величины типа модулей непрерывности функций, заданных на сфере, в пространстве
$S^{(p,q)}(\sigma^{m-1})$. Упомянутые величины порождаются семейством операторов
мультипликаторного типа. Устанавливается их эквивалентность аналогам $K$-функционалов.
Библиография: 19 названий.
Об асимптотике решений двучленных дифференциальных уравнений
Authors: Konechnaja Natalja Nikolaevna , Mirzoev Karakhan Agahan ogly , Shkalikov Andrei Andreevich
Published: January 2023

В работе получены асимптотические формулы при $x\to\infty$ для
фундаментальной системы решений уравнения вида
$$
l(y):=(-1)^n(p(x)y^{(n)})^{(n)}+q(x)y=\lambda y,\qquad
x\in[1,\infty),
$$
где локально суммируемая функция $p$ допускает представление
$$
p(x)=(1+r(x))^{-1},\qquad r\in L^1 [1,\infty),
$$
а $q$ - обобщенная
функция, представимая при некотором фиксированном $k$,
$0\le k\le n$, в виде $q=\sigma^{(k)}$, где
\begin{alignat*}{2}
\sigma&\in L^1[1,\infty),&\qquad &если k<n,

|\sigma|(1+|r|)(1+|\sigma|)&\in L^1[1, \infty),
&\qquad &если k=n.
\end{alignat*}
Аналогичные результаты получены для уравнений
$l(y)=\lambda y$, коэффициенты $p(x)$ и $q(x)$ которых допускают
при некотором фиксированном $k$, $0\le k\le n$, представление
$$
p(x)=x^{2n+\nu}(1+r(x))^{-1},\qquad q=\sigma^{(k)},\quad
\sigma(x)=x^{k+\nu}(\beta+s(x)),
$$
где функции $r$ и $s$ удовлетворяют
некоторым условиям интегрального убывания. Получены также теоремы
об индексах дефекта минимального симметрического оператора,
порожденного дифференциальным выражением $l(y)$ (при условии
вещественности функций $p$ и $q$), и теоремы о спектрах
соответствующих самосопряженных расширений.
Библиография: 19 названий.
Гармоничность наклонных конформно римановых отображений
Authors: Koshal R , Kumar Rakesh , Rani Rachna
Published: January 2023

Установлены условия,
при которых наклонное конформно риманово отображение является
горизонтально гомотетичным. Обсуждается геометрия
вполне геодезических наклонных конформно римановых отображений.
Кроме того, изучается гармоничность
наклонных конформно римановых отображений.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Неравенство Харди в гранд-пространствах Лебега с переменным показателем для невозрастающих функций
Authors: Singh Monika , Jain Pankaj
Published: January 2023

Исследуется ограниченность оператора усреднения Харди между взвешенными гранд-пространствами Лебега с переменным показателем для невозрастающих функций. Библиография: 26 названий.
Слабые пределы последовательных проекций и жадных шагов
Authors: Borodin Petr Anatolevich , Kopecka Eva
Published: January 2023

В гильбертовом пространстве исследуются свойства множества частичных слабых пределов последовательных случайных проекций на $K\ge 2$ выпуклых замкнутых множеств и параллельные им свойства множества частичных слабых пределов последовательности остатков при случайных жадных приближениях относительно $K$ словарей. Из этих свойств выводятся все известные случаи слабой сходимости; в частности, дается короткое доказательство теоремы Амемии-Андо о слабой сходимости в случае, когда выпуклые множества являются линейными подпространствами. Вопрос о слабой сходимости в общей ситуации остается открытым.
Замечания о дискретизации интегральных норм функций по значениям в точках
Authors: Kosov Egor Dmitrievich
Published: January 2023

Представлено дополнение к результату И.В. Лимоновой и В.Н. Темлякова о дискретизации $L^2$-нормы функций по значениям в точках, и приведены несколько общих комментариев к задаче получения такой дискретизации.
Три этапа развития теории приближений
Authors: Tikhomirov Vladimir Mikhailovich
Published: January 2023

Дается обзор некоторых фундаментальных идей и основанных на них результатов теории приближений, полученных на протяжении развития этой ветви математики от истоков до конца XX в.
Условия вложения пространств Соболева на области с анизотропным пиком
Authors: Besov Oleg Vladimirovich
Published: January 2023

Для области $G\subset \mathbb R^n$ с анизотропным пиком строятся интегральные представления функций через производные и устанавливаются условия вложения пространства Соболева $W_p^s(G)\subset L_q(G)$, $1\leq p<q\le \infty $.
Relationship Between Attitude, Learning Orientation, Motivation, and Proficiency Degree of the Chinese Language Among Trainee Teachers
Authors: Chew Fong Peng
Published: January 2023

This study aims to investigate the relationship between attitude, learning orientation, motivation, and mastery of the Chinese language among trainee teachers by using Gardner and Lambert’s social psychology model and Gardner’s psychological model of learning. A total of 181 trainee teachers were selected to answer a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The findings indicated extrinsic motivation was related negatively to Chinese language skills and achievement. Intrinsic motivation and integrative orientation were related positively to Chinese language skills, whereas intrinsic motivation, integrative orientation, and motivational intensity were related positively to Chinese language achievement. In addition, integrative orientation, instrumental orientation, and attitude toward learning situations were positive predictors of the motivational intensity of the trainee teachers. Therefore, this study provides a model to the Institute of Teacher Education on the factors that need to be considered to motivate trainee teachers in mastering the Chinese Language.
Development of Environmental Pollution Handling Flipbook Based on Surabaya Local Wisdom to Train Students’ Ethno-conservation
Authors: Agustina Dwi Wahyu , Rachmadiarti Fida , Kuntjoro Sunu
Published: January 2023

One of the efforts to deal with environmental pollution by exploring natural potentials and traditions in the local community is ethno-conservation education. This study aims to develop a flipbook of environmental pollution handling based on Surabaya's local wisdom to train students in Ethno-conservation. The type of research is Research and Development with the ADDIE model of Branch theory. Theoretical feasibility is reviewed from the results of expert validation, while empirical feasibility is examined from the readability test. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive qualitative. The results obtained are a validation score of 3.88, a percentage of 97% and the category is excellent, and the legibility test is at level 10. Hence, the Flipbook has the potential to be used in learning the handling of environmental pollution based on Surabaya local wisdom to train students in ethno-conservation.
Study on Causal Nexus between Export, mport and Economic Growth byFrequency-Domain Approach: Evidence from Selected East and Southeast Asian Economies
Authors:   School of Economics and Management, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China, Tang Caihong
Published: January 2023

In this study, frequency domain Granger causality test and generalized forecast error variance decomposition are employed to check the causal direction and contribution of exports and imports to economic growth for eight economies. Granger results show: in the short run, (a) Japan, Indonesia, and Thailand support growth-led import, Malaysia supports import-led growth, and Singapore supports bidirectional causal connection between imports and economic growth; (b) Indonesia supports growth-led export, the Philippines and Thailand support export-led growth, and Hong Kong SAR and Singapore support mutual causality between exports and economic growth; in the long run, (c) Indonesia and Thailand support growth-led import, Japan, Hong Kong SAR, and Singapore support import-led growth, and South Korea supports a two-way causality nexus between imports and economic growth; (d) South Korea and Indonesia support growth-led export, Japan, Hong Kong SAR, and Singapore support export-led growth, and Thailand supports bidirectional causality between exports and economic growth. Variance decomposition results indicated that in Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines, imports explain a larger part of economic growth than exports; in Hong Kong SAR and Singapore, exports have a larger impact than imports on economy; in Thailand, exports and imports are almost at the same importance level.
Certain Subclasses of Meromorphic Functions with Positive Coefficients Associated with Linear Operator
Authors:   UNIVERSITY OF ANBAR, Department of Mathematics, Iraq, KASSAR OSAMAH N. , JUMA ABDUL RAHMAN S. ,   UNIVERSITY OF ANBAR, Department of Mathematics, Iraq
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we introduce and study certain subclass of meromorphic univalent functions by using a linear operator by means of a Hadamard product involving some suitably normalized meromorphically q-Hypergeometric functions, in the punctured open unit disk. Some properties like, coeﬃcients inequalities, growth and distortion theorems, closure theorems, Extreme Points and Radii of meromorphic starlikeness and meromorphic convexity are obtained.
PESNIČKE REČI U VUKOVIM LIRSKIM NARODNIM PESMAMA
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Education in Sombor, Jelić Marijan
Published: January 2023

The subject of this research are poetic words in lyrical folk poems (Vuk’s first book of Serbian folk poems, published in 1841). Our goal was to investigate lexemes marked as poetic, the way they were marked as such in Vuk’s Serbian dictionary, as well as in contemporary Serbian lexicography (RSANU/RMS and RSJ), the characteristics and the status of these lexemes in modern Serbian language. According to how poetic words are presented in contemporary Serbian lexicography (from Vuk to the present day), four types of poetic words can be distinguished: choruses, words that in all their forms and meanings are used only in poems, words that are only in certain meanings used as poetic and words that are used as poetic only in certain forms. The research shows that this lexical set is by its nature extremely marginalized and hence, probably, the lack of a systematic approach to the analysis: the lack of instructions on how to deal with this lexicon, the absence of men- tioning these lexemes in the prefaces of (modern) dictionaries, a large number of different formulations in the qualification of these lexemes, uncertainty in the qualification. These issues should be investigated in future studies (using the corpus-based linguistic method), in order to obtain reliable data based on a large corpus.
AGRESIVNO PONAŠANjE KOD UČENIKA S INTELEKTUALNOM OMETENOŠĆU
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Đurić-Zdravković Aleksandra A. , Japundža-Milisavljević Mirjana M. ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation
Published: January 2023

Aggressive behavior of students with intellectual disability is associated with numerous problems in school and home environment. Often, due to the presence of this form of behavior, students have a reduced quality of life, limited opportunities to adopt the correct formats of adaptive or social behavior, as well as difficult progress in school. The aim of this research was to determine the correlation between manifestation of verbal, covert and physical aggression, as well as bullying and hostility in students with mild intel- lectual disability, on one side, and the reports of parents and teachers – special educators on the other. The research sample included 57 students of fifth, sixth and seventh grade, who attended elementary schools for students with mental disabilities. Children’s Scale of Hostility and Aggression – Reactive/Proactive was used to assess aggressive behavior. The re- sults of the research noted hostility as the dominant format in the assessment of aggressive behavior in students with mild intellectual disability. Parents assess that their children show hostility and abuse towards others less often than teachers – special educators estimate. A significant congruence of parents’ and teachers’ versions of the assessment of aggres- sive behavior in numerous segments was obtained. The findings should be incorporated in child’s pedagogical profile, in the plan of individualization measures and in the personalized educational program in order to implement an adequate intervention that would improve the control of aggressive behavior in students with mild intellectual disability.