bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online-Gaming
Authors: Kaumanns Ralf , Siegenheim Veit A. , Neus Andreas
Published: December 2019

Online-Gaming wird immer beliebter. Anfangs als Nischenphänomen für Computer-Kids belächelt, haben sich Online-Spiele inzwischen einen festen Platz im Medienkonsum erobert – weitgehend unabhängig von Alter, Bildung, Einkommen oder Geschlecht. Da Online-Gaming Zeit und insbesondere konzentrierte Aufmerksamkeit bindet, tritt es in Wettbewerb mit etablierten Medien. Der vorliegende Beitrag beleuchtet auf Basis der Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Primärstudie diese Entwicklung für Deutschland genauer. Neben der Untersuchung der Nutzer und Nutzung von Online-Spielen, liegt der Schwerpunkt auf ausgewählten ökonomischen Aspekten. Die Akzeptanz für Werbung in Online-Spielen ist relativ hoch – und je nach Genre kann sie sogar für das Realitätsempfinden in den virtuellen Umgebungen positiv sein. Für die Anbieter von Computer spielen bilden sich neue Erlösmodelle heraus. Während zu Beginn der Entwicklung der Verkauf der Spiele-Software im Mittelpunkt stand, generieren die Anbieter heute zunehmend Umsätze durch monatliche Abonnementgebühren, Werbung und Product Placement, Merchandising und Lizenzeinnahmen und neuerdings auch durch reale Transaktionsgebühren bei Verkauf oder Auktion virtueller Güter. Rings um eine neue Generation von Online-Spielen wie World-of-Warcraft und virtuelle Umgebungen wie Second-Life entwickeln sich zunehmend ökonomische Mechanismen, die auf der Interaktivität und Kreativität der Nutzer aufbauen, um eine attraktive Unterhaltung anzubieten.
Mehrwertdienste
Authors: Gruninger-Hermann Christian
Published: December 2019

Der Begriff Mehrwertdienste ist in der Literatur schon seit gut zwanzig Jahren gebräuchlich. Da mit den technischen Entwicklungen im Informations- und Telekommunikationsbereich immer wieder neue Dienste hinzutreten, neue Absatzwege für die Dienste geschaffen werden und in der Folge die wirtschaftliche Bedeutung zunimmt, erscheint es sinnvoll, einen kurzen Überblick über die heute gebräuchlichen Dienste zu geben und deren wirtschaftliche Bedeutung zu skizzieren.
2. ZIM-Jahrestagung zu „User Generated Content“
Authors: Grau Christoph
Published: December 2019

Anfang Mai 2007 lud das interdisziplinäre Zentrum für Internetforschung und Medienintegration (ZIM) der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) wieder zu seiner Jahrestagung ein, um der Fachöffentlichkeit ausgewählte Forschungsergebnisse vorzustellen. Dieses Mal stand die Veranstaltung ganz im Zeichen von User Generated Content (UGC). Grundsätzlich sind darunter Inhalte zu verstehen, die von Nutzern ohne direkte Gewinnerzielungsabsicht erstellt werden und für die Distribution über Massenmedien vorgesehen sind (Stöckl/Grau/Hess 2006). Nutzergenerierte Inhalte sind ein aktuelles und scheinbar auch durchaus relevantes Phänomen, was sich nicht zuletzt daran zeigt, dass mit „MySpace“, „YouTube“ und „Wikipedia“ die drei bekanntesten Angebote mit User Generated Content mittlerweile in die Top 20 der weltweit am meisten genutzten Websites vorgestoßen sind. Obwohl sich UGC zunehmendem wissenschaftlichen und praktischen Interesse erfreut, sind viele Fragen in diesem Themenfeld bislang noch ungeklärt. Auf der 2. ZIM-Jahrestagung sollten diese Fragen diskutiert und erste Antworten entwickelt werden.
Absatzprognosen in der Medienbranche
Authors: Spann Martin , Soukhoroukova Arina
Published: December 2019

Medienprodukte haben meistens einen kurzen, exponentiell fallenden Produktlebenszyklus, der insbesondere durch sich schnell ändernde Konsumentenpräferenzen begründet wird. Darüber hinaus weisen Medienprodukte z. T. große Unterschiede zwischen verschiedenen Verwertungsstufen, einzelnen Medienkategorien (z. B. Kinofilme, Musik-Singles) sowie zwischen den Medienprodukten innerhalb einer Kategorie auf. Deshalb sind zum Verkaufsstart genaue Absatzprognosen unerlässlich, um Marketing-Mix- und Kapazitätsentscheidungen optimieren zu können. Für solche Prognosen stehen unterschiedliche Methoden zur Verfügung, die im Rahmen dieses Beitrags einer Betrachtung unterzogen werden.
Wie überlebt man gute Bücher? Zur Situation kleinerer unabhängiger Verlage auf dem deutschen Buchmarkt
Authors: Meuser Thomas , Rosenberger Bernhard , Vollmer Frauke
Published: December 2019

Jahrelang rückläufige Umsatzzahlen dokumentieren, dass es der deutschen Buchbranche nicht allzu gut geht. Die zunehmende Konkurrenz neuer Medien, das veränderte Käuferverhalten und ein sinkender Stellenwert des Buches in der Gesellschaft sind Wegbereiter dieser Entwicklung. Daneben führen Fusionen und Übernahmen auf Verlags- und Buchhandelsseite zu einer Konzentration auf dem Buchmarkt. Dennoch gibt es Beispiele für unabhängige Verlage, die es zum Teil seit Jahrzehnten schaffen, sich mit ihrem Programm am Markt zu halten. Mehr noch: In jüngster Zeit haben zahlreiche Verlagsgründungen einen wahren Gründungsboom ausgelöst und große Beachtung in der Branche gefunden. Doch wie schaffen es diese kleinen Verlage, sich auf einem gesättigten Markt zu positionieren? Welches sind ihre größten Stärken und Schwächen? Und welche Zukunftsperspektiven haben sie? Mit diesen Fragen befasst sich der vorliegende Beitrag, der die Arbeitsweise kleinerer Verlage genauer untersucht und anhand von Beispielen veranschaulicht.
Markenorientierung von Medien
Authors: Baumgarth Carsten
Published: December 2019

Eine zentrale Voraussetzung für eine starke Medienmarke stellt die interne Verankerung des Markenkonzeptes dar. Der Beitrag präsentiert mit dem Markenorientierungsmodell, welches sich aus den Ebenen Werte, Normen, Artefakte und Verhalten zusammensetzt, ein neues und allgemeines Modell zur Analyse der internen Verankerung. Eine empirische Studie im Bereich Fachzeitschriften (n = 137) bestätigt zunächst die Struktur des Modells und den Einfluss der Markenorientierung auf den Erfolg (Markterfolg und ökonomischer Erfolg). Darüber hinaus zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass die untersuchten Fachzeitschriften auf der Werte- und Normen-Ebene bereits eine relativ hohe Markenorientierung aufweisen. Hingegen lassen sich auf den Ebenen Artefakte und Verhaltensweisen, die durch den hohen Konkretisierungsgrad letztlich erst zum Erfolg der Marke führen, noch große Defizite feststellen.
It’s coming home – die Fußball-Bundesliga und zweiseitige Märkte
Authors: Hartwich Tobias
Published: December 2019

Das vorliegende Papier diskutiert die Entscheidung der Deutschen Fußball Liga (DFL) zur Vergabe der Übertragungsrechte an der Fußball-Bundesliga für die Spielzeiten 2006/07 bis 2008/09. Die DFL hatte das höchste Angebot des Bezahlsenders Premiere zugunsten eines niedrigeren Angebots des neuen Senders „Arena“ ausgeschlagen. Es wird erläutert, dass diese Entscheidung, trotz des zunächst offensichtlichen Erlösverzichts, die gewinnmaximale Strategie für die DFL darstellt und durch die Erlöse aus Vereinswerbung erklärt werden kann. Die Vereine selbst stellen nämlich eigene zweiseitige (Werbe-) Plattformen dar, deren Wert maßgeblich von den Übertragungszeiten der Fußball-Bundesliga im frei empfangbaren Fernsehen abhängt.
Koordination und Innovation in der TV-Input-Produktion
Authors: Fröhlich Kerstin
Published: December 2019

Die Medienindustrie ist aufgrund ihrer strukturellen Besonderheiten prädestiniert für die Anwendung der Institutionenökonomik, dennoch gibt es bisweilen nur wenige fundierte Analysen. Der Beitrag versucht die institutionenökonomische Lücke zu verkleinern, indem er das Produktionsnetzwerk der TV-Auftragsproduktion analysiert und die Beziehung zwischen Rundfunkanstalt und Produktionsfirma als Prinzipal-Agent-Beziehung modelliert. Er zeigt die Agency-Probleme auf, stellt potenzielle Institutionen zu ihrer Minderung vor und analysiert das im deutschen TV-Input-Markt vorliegende Institutionengefüge. Auch die Auswirkungen der bestehenden Institutionen auf die Innovation von Fernsehinhalten werden problematisiert. Der Beitrag schließt unter Verweis auf die aktuelle Terms of Trade-Debatte und begründet, weshalb sich die produzentenseitig geforderten Institutionen bisher nicht durchsetzen konnten.
Führen Größenvorteile auf Werbemärkten zur Medienkonzentration?
Authors: Seufert Wolfgang
Published: December 2019

Das Konstrukt der Anzeigen-Auflagen-Spirale kann den Anspruch an eine allgemeine Theorie der Konzentrationsdynamik auf Märkten für werbefinanzierte Medienprodukte nicht erfüllen und ist eher als Heuristik einzustufen, die einzelne reale Konzentrationsprozesse anschaulich beschreibt. Die hierbei unterstellte Verstärkung der Größenvorteile von Medienunternehmen durch Werbefinanzierung ist kein Automatismus, sondern an eine systematische Bevorzugung der Erstanbieter durch die Werbetreibenden gebunden, die nicht bei allen Medienprodukten zwangsläufig ist. Im Kern wird mit der Anzeigen-Auflagen-Spirale ein Qualitätswettbewerb beschrieben, der über höhere Produktionskosten geführt wird. Dieser begrenzt jedoch auch die Kostenvorteile der Erstanbieter und eröffnet nachrangigen Anbietern die Möglichkeit, auf Marktanteilsverluste statt mit Qualitätsreduktion mit alternativen Gegenstrategien zu antworten.
Finanzinvestoren im Medienbereich – Chance oder Bedrohung?
Authors: Schott Stefan , Bettin Grietje , Höppner Dörte
Published: December 2019

Kaum ein Thema hat die öffentliche Diskussion in den letzten Monaten derart bewegt wie der Einstieg von Finanzinvestoren bei Medienunternehmen. Beteiligungen wie die von Investorengruppen wie Kohlberg Kravis Roberts (KKR) und Permira im Fernsehbereich oder des britischen Finanzinvestors Montgomery bei Zeitungsverlagen haben die Gemüter erregt. Die Diskussion kreist dabei im Kern um die Frage der Vereinbarkeit der typischerweise vorrangig kommerziellen Ziele von Finanzinvestoren mit dem publizistischen Ziel von Medienunternehmen und der spezifischen Rolle von Medienprodukten in Gesellschaft und Demokratie. Während die Befürworter einer Beteiligung von Finanzinvestoren auf die ökonomische Potenz der Akteure verweisen und im finanziellen Engagement der Investoren einen Garant für den Unternehmenserhalt auch in wirtschaftlich schwierigen Zeiten sehen, befürchten die Kritiker einen Ausverkauf publizistischer Werte und Qualitätsstandards. Die nachfolgenden Beiträge zeigen das Spektrum der Argumente auf und machen den aktuellen Diskussionsstand deutlich.
Das Studium der Medienwirtschaft an privaten Fachhochschulen
Authors: Gläser Martin
Published: December 2019

Die Möglichkeiten, in Deutschland Medienwirtschaft und Medienmanagement zu studieren, haben sich in den vergangenen Jahren deutlich erweitert. Zahlreiche staatliche Universitäten und Fachhochschulen haben auf den steigenden Bedarf an Medienexperten mit Wirtschafts- und Managementkompetenz reagiert und neue Studiengänge eingerichtet oder bestehende weiter ausgebaut. Beispiele sind die Hamburg Media School/Universität Hamburg, die Hochschule der Medien in Stuttgart oder die Hochschule Furtwangen im Schwarzwald.
Medienprodukte – Adoption versus Akzeptanz
Authors: Wu Steven , Papies Dominik , Clement Michael
Published: December 2019

In der Marketingforschung wird zwischen dem Konzept der Adoption und der Akzeptanz unterschieden. Der Grund liegt darin, dass die Adoption zwar eine notwendige, aber keine hinreichende Bedingung für die Akzeptanz und somit die tatsächliche Nutzung eines Produktes ist. Für die Medienwirtschaft ist die Betrachtung und Differenzierung beider Konstrukte zentral, da sie auf unterschiedliche Weise die Geschäftsmodelle tangieren. Während bei Büchern die Adoption im Vordergrund steht und die Nutzung nur von nachrangiger Bedeutung ist, ist dies insbesondere bei zweiseitigen Märkten – z. B. Zeitschriften – nicht der Fall. Hier ist nicht nur der Kauf (Adoption), sondern auch die tatsächliche Nutzung finanziell bedeutend, da die Zeitschrift zum großen Teil aus Werbung finanziert wird. Eine zusammenhängende Betrachtung dieser beiden Konzepte ist in der Literatur nur selten zu finden. Unser Beitrag greift daher den derzeitigen Stand der Forschung im Bereich von Adoption und Akzeptanz auf und systematisiert ihn für den Fall von Medienprodukten. Es zeigt sich, dass eine isolierte Betrachtung der Adoption bzw. der Akzeptanz im Fall von Medienprodukten zu kurz greift, da die gegenseitige Abhängigkeit vernachlässigt wird. Auf dieser Grundlage leiten wir Implikationen sowohl für die weitere Forschung als auch für das Management ab.
Der Markt für Programmzeitschriften
Authors: Kallfaß Hermann H.
Published: December 2019

Der Markt für Programmzeitschriften in Deutschland, der in der Nachkriegszeit wenige, relativ ähnlich aufgemachte Zeitschriften umfasste, differenzierte sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten durch Einführung zusätzlicher Titel stark aus. Im Folgenden werden die aufgetretenen dynamischen Wettbewerbsprozesse zwischen Innovatoren und Imitatoren der Änderungen sowie deren Wirkungen auf die Marktergebnisse analysiert. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Differenzierung der angebotenen Güter auf dem Markt.
Methodische Probleme der Akzeptanzforschung bei nichtmarktreifen Technologien - Eine empirische Analyse am Beispiel interaktiven Fernsehens
Authors: Wilde Thomas , Hess Thomas , Hilbers Konrad
Published: December 2019

Die Einführung neuer IK-Technologien scheitert oft an der Akzeptanz der Nutzer. Die Akzeptanzforschung versucht daher in Form von Modellen die zahlreichen Einflussfaktoren zu systematisieren und deren Wirkungsweise zu beschreiben. Im Bereich nicht marktreifer Technologien waren in der Vergangenheit verschiedene methodische Probleme zu beobachten, deren verzerrende Wirkung bisher vorwiegend theoretisch diskutiert wurde. Der Beitrag greift mit interner Validität, der Theoriebasis und der Stichprobenzusammensetzung drei charakteristische Problemfelder heraus und untersucht deren Einflüsse empirisch am Beispiel interaktiven Fernsehens in Deutschland. Während sich so genannte „early adopter“-Stichproben als höchstproblematisch erwiesen, konnte gezeigt werden, dass mit den üblichen Forschungsdesigns nicht zwingend Validitäts- oder Theoriebasisprobleme einhergehen.
Integrierte Geschäftsmodelle zur Bewirtschaftung personengebundener Aufmerksamkeit
Authors: Opitz Christian , Hofmann Kay H.
Published: December 2019

Täglich ausgestrahlte Fernsehserien, so genannte Daily Soaps, haben ihren festen Platz in der deutschen Medienlandschaft und werden von ihren Produzenten umfassend vermarktet. Eine solche Vermarktung wirft die Frage nach dem zentralen „Wertgegenstand“ auf, der die Grundlage für diese Geschäfte bildet. Wir argumentieren, dass sich Endlosserien und verschiedene andere neuere TV-Formate durch die Generierung von Aufmerksamkeit für ihre mehr oder weniger talentierten und zunächst vollkommen unbekannten Darsteller auszeichnen. Sender können ihre Abhängigkeit von Einnahmen aus klassischer Werbung reduzieren, wenn sie diese Aufmerksamkeit im Rahmen integrierter Geschäftsmodelle intelligent bewirtschaften.
Der Einfluss von Digital Rights Management auf die Zahlungsbereitschaften für Online-Musik
Authors: Strube Jochen , Buxmann Peter , Pohl Gerrit
Published: December 2019

Insbesondere kommerziell vertriebene digitale Medieninhalte werden häufig durch ein Digital Rights Management System (DRMS) geschützt. Allerdings reagieren viele Konsumenten auf diese Technologie mit einer ablehnenden Haltung, was zu einem negativen Einfluss auf die Zahlungsbereitschaft für entsprechende Produkte führt. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird dieser Effekt untersucht und quantifiziert. Als Basis dienen hierzu Daten von 683 Teilnehmern einer Online-Umfrage, die im Rahmen einer Conjoint-Analyse verschiedene Produktkonfigurationen bei Musik-Downloads bewertet haben. Die Downloads unterschieden sich dabei in Hinsicht auf die Klangqualität, den DRM-Schutz und den Preis. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unter anderem, dass der Grad des DRM-Schutzes den größten Einfluss auf die Bewertung des Produktnutzens hat. Aufbauend auf den Resultaten der Conjoint-Analyse wird gezeigt, dass die Zahlungsbereitschaft der Konsumenten für Produkte mit DRM-Schutz drastisch sinkt.
ANTHROPOCENTRISM IN STATE GOVERNMENT: A CONSTITUTIONAL OVERVIEW OF EMPIRICAL FACTS OF STATE GOVERNMENT IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE (FRANCE, CZECH REPUBLIC AND POLAND)
Authors: Yakymovych Ya. V.
Published: December 2019

The development of modern democratic states and their understanding in its focus is increasingly shifting from the plane of events to the subjects of events. This leads to a dependence of state-building events on various anthropocentric factors: knowledge, skills, experience or interests. Such elements influence and determine the directions of development of the whole state organization and its functioning. The constitutional basis for the application of the human factor itself, the legal basis for the exercise of the discretion of civil servants in the exercise of their functions and powers is the important question in context of this research.
This article uses two areas of review to address these issues. On the one hand, it is an analysis of the empirical facts of the application of anthropocentric factor in the states-making processes of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (France, Czech Republic and Poland) on the basis of such criteria as experience, decisions, veto rights, speeches (reports and appeals), personal voting, as well as personality and activity criteria. On the other hand, it is a study of the connection between these empirical facts and constitutional norms that make the realization of the knowledge, skills and experience of a person possible at the legal level of basic law.
The complex approach of the research with its result will allow to distinguish the norms that are anthropocentric in their nature, that is, they provide a certain element of freedom of human potential in the exercise of function and powers in state-making processes. This approach also allows to expand the facets of modern constitutionalism. Combining the achievements of the various sciences and using them in constitutional law, the latter acquires a new tool for improving the legal technique of constitutional norms, content and quality component. The anthropocentric approach in constitutional law contributes to addressing legislative gaps on the deeper foundations of constitutional capacity, creates the ground for new ways of regulating certain public-power relations in the future, and also meets the requirements of modern society and the tendencies of the element of the human factor.
CERTAIN ASPECTS OF COMMENCING APPELLATE PROCEEDINGS AGAINST
THE DECISIONS OF ARBITRATION COURTS AND PREPARING THEM FOR TRIAL
Authors: Kotviakovskyi Yu. O.
Published: December 2019

On the basis of the analysis of the rules of the Code of Civil Procedure of Ukraine governing proceedings on appeals against decisions of arbitration courts, and taking into account scholars’ points of view on this issue, the article investigates the procedure for commencing proceedings in cases of the relevant category and preparing them for judicial review. The author argues that it is advisable to consider commencement of appellate proceedings against the decisions of arbitration courts as a separate stage of civil proceedings that has a specific procedural purpose, structure and deadlines clearly defined by the law.
Attention is drawn to the unreasonable refusal to commence proceedings in the event of an appeal against a decision made by an arbitration court on the grounds not provided for by the law. In this part, it is noted that the decision on the presence or absence of the grounds for setting aside an award made by the arbitration court, according to Part 3 of Article 457 of the Code of Civil Procedure of Ukraine, is taken when considering the case in court. Thus, refusing to commence proceedings on the basis of Part 8 of Article 454 of the Code of Civil Procedure of Ukraine, the court actually makes a decision on the substance out of court. With respect to the abovementioned, it is suggested to specify the rules of Part 8 of Article 454 of the Code of Civil Procedure of Ukraine.
Considering the procedure for preparation of cases on appeals against decisions of arbitration courts, the author focuses his attention on the progressive nature of the provisions of Article 456 of the Code of Civil Procedure of Ukraine. It establishes the right of a competent court on its own initiative to ask the arbitration court for the necessary case materials concerning the grounds for setting aside the arbitral award. The implementation of this approach creates the conditions for further fair trial.
At the same time, the consideration of cases on appeals against the decisions of arbitration courts in the order of simplified procedure according to the current version of the Code of Civil Procedure of Ukraine, in the author’s opinion, limits the parties’ possibilities for a compromise solution to the dispute. Emphasis is placed on the reasoning of further improving the legislation in terms of empowering the parties to conciliate procedures, at the stage of preparation of cases for trial.
PECULIARITIES OF INTERACTION WITH SPECIAL BODIES, SERVICES
AND SUBSIDIES IN THE FIELD OF PROVIDING CYBER SECURITY
Authors: Veselova L. Yu.
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the interaction of special bodies, services and units in the field of cybersecurity. The specificityof information resources in the cybernetic space, which manifests itself in the rapid development of information and information and communication technologies, is singled out. The problem of national security is multifaceted, one of the most important areas of its support is the creation of an effective law enforcement system that can withstand negative trends in the administrative and legal sphere of public relations. Also, noting the importance of the aforementioned problematic issue, a set of tasks related to ensuring cyber security was identified, with the definition of the role and place in this process of administrative and legal means of regulation. The primary task of all branches of state power at the present stage of the development of the information society is formulated, which consists in the introduction and implementation of mechanisms for generating adopted decisions in the field of cyber security. The adoption of the State Target Program for the Cyber security of Ukraine, which will serve as a starting point for the real interaction of the subjects of the cyber security of Ukraine, is proposed. The peculiarities of the State Target Program for Cyber security of Ukraine, which consist in determining the specific areas of the state policy on counteraction to cyber threats, are characterized, the main among which should be a conceptual change in the philosophy of administration in the field of cyber security, from coordination of activities of public authorities and law enforcement agencies to the operational management of them; the development of public-private partnerships, in terms of giving private business and the public real leverage on the state of cyber security. The article focuses on the aforementioned direction, which can be implemented by the inclusion of cybersecurity entities by public institutions and independent experts; implementation of business projects in the direction of modernization of information and information and communication infrastructure to the level of international standards; implementation of measures aimed at increasing the literacy of cyber-citizens at all levels of education.
TRANSFER THAT ARE NEEDERS FOR CRYSTOVAL AS INVESTMENT
UNION SPECULATIVE ASSET
Authors: Hulian A. D. , Karpenko R. V.
Published: December 2019

The problems of using cryptographic products in the international and domestic financial sphere are considered. A detailed review of the stages of formation of cryptographic goods in the world and Ukraine was conducted. An analysis of the nature of cryptography is done. The attention was paid to the overview of the main types of cryptographic products and their peculiarities. The process of implementation of cryptology in the financial sphere of Ukraine is analyzed.
CONCEPTS OF ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS IN MODERN SCIENCE
OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND PROCESS
Authors: Hut N. Yu.
Published: December 2019

The paper analyzes the concepts of administrative process presented in legal science. It is stated that every concept of the administrative process has the right to exist, because all of them are based on the facts, phenomena and norms actually existing in the legal system of Ukraine. However, three of them are most thoroughly presented in the legal literature: 1) the concept of a broad understanding of the administrative process; 2) jurisdictional (law enforcement) concept of the administrative process; 3) the concept of a narrow understanding of the administrative process. Representatives of a broad understanding of the administrative process argue that the procedural form is present wherever there is a need to implement substantive rules of administrative law, and all organizational legal relations are inherently procedural relations. Representatives of the jurisdictional and law-enforcement concepts of the administrative process, firstly, are convinced that the procedural form can be inherent only in activities related to the administrative-jurisdictional or law-enforcement activities of the competent authorities, and secondly, that the organizational legal relations are evenly distributed between substantive and procedural relations. Representatives of the concept of narrow definition of the administrative process insist that the procedural form relates solely to the activity of one branch of power - the judiciary, and therefore procedural relations arise only in the sphere of administration of justice by the courts.
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE FOR THE PROVISION OF ELECTRONIC SERVICES IN THE FORM OF A DECLARATION (NOTIFICATION) BY PHYSICAL PERSONS TO THE STATE ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION INSPECTION
Authors: Ishkhanian A. R.
Published: December 2019

The scientific article is devoted to the coverage of the administrative procedure for providing electronic services by the State Architectural and Construction Inspectorate of Ukraine. Different approaches to the concept of administrative procedure in terms of e-services provision are discussed. The stages of the procedure of providing electronic service in the form of submission of a declaration (notification) by individuals are characterized.
It is established that before commencing the process of submission of the declaration (message), the service consumer must have a personal key and a valid enhanced certificate, which will be used during the submission process to affix an electronic digital signature to the form with the declaration (message). You can obtain enhanced key certificates at an accredited key certification center. Thus, at the moment the service supports certificates issued by the certification center of the information and reference department of the Ministry of Revenue and Collections of Ukraine. Install a Java computing software package on your computer and enable JavaScript scripts to run in your browser.
Please note that detailed Java installation instructions are available at http://java.com/download/installed.jsp. You can download Java directly for Windows from http://www.java.com/download/windows_xpi.jsp. How to enable JavaScript scripts in your browser (http://www.enable-javascript.com/en/).
It is concluded that the procedure of providing the service in electronic form, for example, the submission of a declaration (notification) by the state architectural and construction inspection of Ukraine is regulated in detail on the official website and still needs to improve the quality of the provision of these services in the form of simplification and accessibility for all consumers services.
PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC GOVERNANCE IN THE FIELD OF PRIVATIZATION AS AN ADMINISTRATIVE LEGAL CATEGORY
Authors: Potip M. M.
Published: December 2019

The author analyzes the categories “principles”, “legal principles”, “principles of public administration”, defines their features and content. Taking into account the peculiarities of the principles of privatization, the signs of the principles of public administration in this sphere are determined: in terms of content, these are the basic, guiding, fundamental provisions; their application makes it possible to find out the orientation of the legal, organizational, economic and informational-analytical support of privatization and the particularities of the tasks that must be solved at each particular stage of the implementation of this process; enshrined in legislation; are mandatory; have a universal nature of application by all bodies of privatization, regardless of the type of privatization; are stable; determine the powers of the subjects of privatization, those empowered to exercise regulatory influence over public relations in the sphere of privatization; form a coherent system and contribute to the stability of the mechanism of public administration in the field of privatization, which ensures the achievement of the set goals. The author defines the concept of “principles of public management in the field of privatization” as systematic basic mandatory, universal rules, enshrined in the legislation, defining the powers of the subjects of privatization, empowered to exercise regulatory influence on public relations, which allows the public relations in which to find out the orientation of legal, organizational, economic and informational-analytical support of privatization.
Various scientific approaches to the systematization of the principles of public administration are considered. It is proposed to include the principle of objectivity of management in the range of principles of public administration in the sphere of privatization; democracy; legal ordering; legality; publicity; a combination of centralization and decentralization; openness and transparency; state regulation and control; integrity; internal balance; scientific substantiation; publicity; efficiency and effectiveness; observance of national interests; equality; continuity and completeness of decision making; partnerships; responsibility of the subjects of privatization.
FORMING A PERSON OF A JUVENILE OFFENDER WHO COMMIT CRIMES
WITH PARTICULAR CRUELTY
Authors: Bundz R. O.
Published: December 2019

Having traced the criminalization process for minors, it can be argued that more and more violent offenses have the extreme form of cruelty. It is proved that the most stable and significant part of violent crimes include deliberate murder, deliberate infliction of grave and moderate injury to health, robberies, forced robberies, forced rape, hooliganism, beatings, torture, etc. Such criminal acts constituting the criminological significant group are distinguished, primarily by such criteria as the method of action of an offender, the form of guilt and the object of the attack.
The structure of juvenile delinquency is characterized mostly by mercenary, mercenary-violent and violent types of crimes. The crimes committed by young people are more impudent and aggressive compared to general crime. The number of crimes committed on the basis of drug addiction and alcoholism is especially increasing. It is stated that juvenile delinquency is usually of a group nature.
It is established that the investigation of the causes of the crimes will not be complete without studying the causes and conditions of the personality of the offender. After all, the causes of the commission of crimes that directly induce or push a person to choose the wrongful conduct in a particular situation, are, so to speak, subjective, that is, inseparably linked with the subject of the crime.
The main determinants of the formation of the identity of a juvenile offender who commit crimes with particular cruelty include: the negative impact of the family as a potential factor in the formation of the personality of a juvenile offender; child homelessness and neglect; unorganized leisure; alcoholization and narcosis of children's environment; manifestations of bullying among minors, etc.
It is proved that the mechanism of influence of factors on crime is rather complex and, therefore, the influence of each of them can only be arbitrary, since the positive or negative impact of any aspect of social life depends on a specific combination of factors. The impact of criminogenic factors, and sometimes their consequences, lmanifests in the fact that they objectively contribute to crime.
USE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICE
AS A MECHANISM FOR PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF CONVICTS
Authors: Ilina O. V.
Published: December 2019

The research paper discusses the use of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights as a mechanism for ensuring the rights of convicts. Today, the practice of the ECHR has become increasingly important not only in the fight against crime, but also in the protection of the rights and freedoms of convicts. This is evidenced by the adoption in 2014 of the Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to the Criminal Executive Code of Ukraine on the Adaptation of the Legal Status of a Convict to European Standards”, which is aimed at eliminating the shortcomings of the Criminal Executive Code of Ukraine in respect of compliance with constitutional requirements and European standards regarding the regime of serving the sentences by convicts and so on. Adoption of the said law entailed the implementation of various directions of ensuring the rights of convicts, which became the subject of this study. As part of the research, Article 1 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms is analyzed, which states that States – Parties to the Convention undertake to ensure that everyone under their jurisdiction has the rights and freedoms set forth in the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. In view of the above, we believe that ensuring of rights and freedoms should also apply to convicts. Today, the practice of the ECHR is actively used in national law enforcement practice in the aspect of ensuring the rights of convicts. Such a statement is based on the own analysis of relevant judgments. The study leads to the conclusion that there are different ways of ensuring the rights of convicts, in particular, ensuring the right to a fair trial, the prevention of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment, etc. These directions of activity constitute a mechanism for ensuring the rights of convicts. In addition, we can say with certainty that convicts must be guaranteed all the rights enshrined in the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, which is possible taking into account the stay of persons in penitentiary institutions, in particular the right to life, prohibition of slavery and forced labour; freedom of thought, conscience and religion; freedom of expression; the right to an effective remedy; prohibition of discrimination, etc.
CONCEPTS, PECULIARITIES AND VALUE OF THE DATA OBTAINED
IN THE RESULTS OF THE APPLICATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
MEANS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Korchahina A. M.
Published: December 2019

The article explores the concept and meaning of scientific and technical means in criminal proceedings and the data obtained as a result of the use of scientific and technical means in criminal proceedings, the main aspects of their use. The article deals with the theoretical and legal characterization of the concept of "scientific and technical means", analyzes the main approaches and aspects to the definition of the specified concept in the science of criminal process. The conducted investigation of the criminal procedural legislation has made it possible to state that there is no single approach to formulating the definition and content of the scientific and technological means used in criminal proceedings. The author emphasizes the necessity of consolidating the unified definition of scientific and technical means used at different stages of criminal proceedings and, accordingly, its consolidation in the existing criminal procedural legislation.
Particular attention is paid to the concept and significance of data obtained as a result of the use of scientific and technological means in the investigation and disclosure of criminal offenses and crimes. The author investigates the definitions of "data" and adapts to the sphere of criminal-procedural activity the definition of "data obtained as a result of the use of scientific and technical means in criminal proceedings". The basic aspects of the use of the given type of data are characterized: forensic, criminological, operative-investigative, criminal-procedural. Taking into account the importance of the data obtained as a result of the use of scientific and technological means as evidence base in criminal proceedings, the author asserted that they should be applied to all the requirements that apply to them in accordance with the rules of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, namely, belonging and authenticity. Compliance with these requirements is a must, since the use of scientific and technological means, the acquisition and use of data must be justified at all stages of criminal proceedings and should facilitate the execution of the main tasks of criminal justice.
JURISDICTION AS A COMPONENT OF THE INVESTIGATOR’S COMPETENCE
Authors: Chernobaiev S. I.
Published: December 2019

The legislation of Ukraine does not contain a legal definition of the concept of “jurisdiction”, although at the theoretical level this legal category has repeatedly become the subject of scientific research, its content and types have been constantly transformed depending on changes in the legislation of Ukraine.
The socio-political situation caused by the violation of the territorial integrity of Ukraine, the priority of the state’s criminal policy in the fight against terrorism, corruption, have become a prerequisite for the emergence of new bodies of pre-trial investigation, changes in the procedural status of the investigator. This allows us to continue scientific research in the direction of improving the definition of “jurisdiction”, the definition of its characteristic components, species and more.
The article discusses the relation between the terms “investigator competence” and “jurisdiction”, arguing that the former is broader.
Attention is drawn to the normative construction of the articles of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which define the rules of subsidiarity, in particular, in retrospect.
Analysis of the criteria under which a criminal proceeding is assigned to the sphere of activity (management) of a particular pre-trial investigation body, in particular, the place of commission of a criminal offense, qualification of a criminal offense (event of a criminal offense, nature of the consequences, the subject of the criminal offense, its form guilt), the special status of the subject of the crime, the type and size of the object of the crime and the harm caused by the criminal offense, the status of the victim, the connectedness of actions, etc., allowed to conclude on the expediency of introducing into scientific circulation the concept of “criminal procedural characteristics of criminal offenses” The author defines the concept of “jurisdiction” by which the constituent competence of an investigator for conducting pre-trial investigation of a certain category of criminal proceedings, which is determined depending on the criminal procedural characteristic of a criminal offense, should be understood.
EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF LEGAL REGULATION
OF ATTORNEY PROFESSIONAL ETHICAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: Fliazhnikova Ya. V.
Published: December 2019

The European experience in the legal regulation of the lawyer’s professional ethical conduct is important and necessary for any civilized community. Its positive characteristics can be useful for reforming the current legislation of Ukraine and further scientific research.
Since the profession of lawyer is designed as a benchmark for the protection of human rights in relations with the government, the existence of clear standards of attorney ethics that meet the generally recognized world standards – is a necessary prerequisite for the effectiveness of the advocacy as such. It is Europe’s universally recognized values, such as the right to life, liberty and security of person, property, fair trial and others, that will only be true values if they can be protected in a civilized legal way.
The article reviews the work of the eminent lawyer M. Mollo “Rules of the Bar in France” which outlines important and necessary professional personal requirements that a lawyer in a modern democratic society must meet.
The individual provisions of the German Bar, which is an independent organization in the justice system, are examined. The German Bar system allows attorneys to practice law virtually as free entrepreneurs. Moreover, it is determined that the practice of advocacy in Germany contains a lot of innovations, first of which is its concern with countries that are members of the European Union.
It should be noted that the author has suggested the first step for Ukraine – based on the experience of Germany – is to establish a single minimum tariff, which would be used by both law firms and individual lawyers. Based on the review of the provisions of the General Code of Practice for EU lawyers, an important next step for Ukraine has been identified is the rules on professional insurance.
Attorneys should always be insured against unfounded claims that are related to insufficient professional competence, and the size of the insurance should be set within reasonable limits.
It is important to note that the laws of other European countries trace the principles of the autonomy of the legal profession, independence, exclusivity, self-government and self-financing.
Sola Scriptura entre tradição e modernidade
Authors: Dietz Martin Timóteo
Published: December 2019

Um dos lemas mais comuns relacionados à teologia luterana se encontra no slogan “sola Scriptura”. Esse mote, junto com outros similares, no séc. 20 transformados em uma espécie de síntese do protestantismo, precisa se afirmar diante de um duplo desafio. De um lado está a tradição da Igreja Cristã e das respectivas igrejas. Estaria o recurso à tradição descartado pela afirmação da exclusividade da Bíblia? Do outro lado encontra-se a modernidade, com os seus questionamentos não apenas aos dogmas, mas à própria Escritura, questionamentos que lhe são dirigidos não somente “de fora”, mas, talvez até de modo mais contundente, “de dentro”, por exemplo, através de uma exegese históricocrítica. O presente artigo dialoga com “tradição” e “modernidade” e procura por pistas para uma relação crítico-construtiva da senha “sola Scriptura” tanto com uma quanto com a outra.
Concordância entre ferramentas de triagem nutricional pediátrica em indivíduos com síndrome nefrótica
Authors: Bellot Paula Emília Nunes Ribeiro , De Paiva Geovanna Torres , Vale Sancha Helena de Lima , Machado Richele Janaína de Araújo
Published: December 2019

AIMS: To evaluate the concordance between three validated nutritional screening tools for pediatrics among themselves and the correlation with the anthropometric parameters of patients hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome.METHOD: Cross-sectional study with children and adolescents of both sexes hospitalized in the pediatric ward of a university hospital and diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Three nutritional screening instruments were applied: Screening of Risk for Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids), Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) and Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP). Data on weight, height and upper arm perimeter was collected, and three nutritional screening tools were applied: The estimate of relative agreement between the instruments was evaluated with the weighted Kappa test and the correlations with anthropometric parameters were assessed with the Spearman’s Correlation Test.RESULTS: We evaluated 11 patients, with a minimum age of 2 years and a maximum of 10 years. Screening tools detected prevalence of medium and high nutritional risk. Moderate agreement (k=0.47) was observed between PYMS and STAMP and there was no correlation between the screening tools’ result and the anthropometric data. Regarding the anthropometric parameters, 100% of the participants had adequate weight for age, 63.6% of the participants were diagnosed with normal weight by the BMI/Age index and 81.8% had adequate height for age according to the index Height/Age. After analysis of the upper arm perimeter, 27.3% were at risk of malnutrition.CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that are no recommendations for use of pediatric nutritional screening tools specific to each clinical situation, two of the three screening tools analyzed in this study demonstrated moderate agreement between them. However, the tested tools did not reflect the anthropometric nutritional status of the evaluated population.
Concomitance of numerical chromosomal alterations with structural in an elderly with Alzheimer’s disease: a case report
Authors: Nunes Kledson Moraes , Vianez Talísia Nascimento , Benzaquem Denise Corrêa , Carvalho Natalia Dayane Moura , Fantin Cleiton
Published: December 2019

AIMS: To report the first case the concomitance of numerical chromosomal abnormalities with structural as well as chromosomal abnormalities structural in a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer disease in Manaus/Amazonas.CASE DESCRIPTION: A male patient with 76 years of age was diagnosed with diagnosis of cognitive disorder- Alzheimer’s disease with late onset - temporal variant after laboratory, physical and imaging exams. Cytogenetic analysis was requested for this patient, revealing the presence the concomitant of numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities with metaphase cells composed of 45 chromosomes with the loss of one of the homologues of chromosome 21 (monosomy) and a deletion of the long arm of one of the homologues of chromosome 1 [45, XY, -21, del (1) (q?)] and metaphase cells containing 46 chromosomes with a deletion of the long arm of one of the homologues of chromosome 15 [(46, XY, del (15) (q?)]. Currently, the patient is in outpatient treatment for maintenance and control of the disease.CONCLUSIONS: Our study has underlined that karyotyping is one of the fundamental investigations for patients with Alzheimer’s disease. It highlighted, in the form of a chromosomal abnormality, may have been the risk factor in Alzheimer’s disease.