bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Readiness of Pharmacists Based in Utah About Pain Management and Opioid Dispensing
Authors: Balough Meghan M , Nwankpa Stephen , Unni Elizabeth J
Published: January 2019

Prescription opioid use disorder is a growing epidemic and pharmacists as the dispensers of prescription drugs can play a crucial role in the management of the opioid crisis. However, few studies have examined pharmacists’ perceptions of their role in it. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of pharmacists in Utah regarding their role in the opioid epidemic. The study utilized a cross sectional online survey design to understand the pharmacist knowledge and beliefs regarding pain management, opioids, naloxone, and the various opioid risk identification tools. Frequencies, t-tests, and chi-squared were used to describe and analyze the data. A total of 239 surveys were qualified for analysis. Analysis showed that pharmacists have positive attitudes towards opioid crisis management; however, this positive attitude was higher among newer pharmacists. Though the pharmacists were knowledgeable with the opioid pharmacotherapy and prescribing guidelines, they demonstrated education needs for hands-on training when faced with a situation of prescription opioid use disorder in their practice. The use of risk identification tools was not prevalent. Results show lack of active participation by pharmacists in this major public health challenge, and the need for education in several aspects of opioid dispensing, naloxone use, and efficient use of risk identification tools.
Application of Supergravity Technology in a TEG Dehydration Process for Offshore Platforms
Authors: Lu Hongfang , Ma Guoguang , Azimi Mohammadamin , Fu Lingdi
Published: January 2019

In the dehydration process of offshore natural gas production, due to the site limitation of the platform, if the conventional triethylene glycol (TEG) dehydration process is employed, the size of the absorption tower is usually small. However, in the case of fluctuations in raw material gas and large gas production, it is easy to cause a large loss of TEG and a flooding event, resulting in the water dew point of natural gas not meeting the requirements. Therefore, combined with the dehydration process of TEG and supergravity technology, a new dehydration process of natural gas suitable for offshore platforms is proposed in this paper. The principle and process of the TEG dehydration process based on supergravity technology are discussed by establishing a mass transfer model. The laboratory experiment of the new process is carried out, and the effects of TEG flow rate, super-gravity packed bed rotation speed, and gas flow rate on the air dew point are obtained. By studying the dewatering balance of the rotating packed bed in the improved process, it is proved that the dewatering performance of the high gravity machine (Higee) is much better than that of the ordinary tower dewatering equipment. Through field experiments, the dewatering effect of continuous operation and sudden changes in working conditions is obtained, indicating that the Higee can completely replace the traditional tower equipment for natural gas dehydration.
Uniaxial Static Stress Estimation for Concrete Structures Using Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Lee Junhwa , Kim Eun Jin , Gwon Seongwoo , Cho Soojin , Sim Sung-Han
Published: January 2019

This paper proposes a static stress estimation method for concrete structures, using the stress relaxation method (SRM) in conjunction with digital image correlation (DIC). The proposed method initially requires a small hole to be drilled in the concrete surface to induce stress relaxation around the hole and, consequently, a displacement field. DIC measures this displacement field by comparing digital images taken before and after the hole-drilling. The stress level in the concrete structure is then determined by solving an optimization problem, designed to minimize the difference between the displacement fields from DIC and the one from a numerical model. Compared to the pointwise measurements by strain gauges, the full-field displacement obtained by DIC provides a larger amount of data, leading to a more accurate estimation. Our theoretical results were experimentally validated using concrete specimens, demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed method.
Comparison of Raw Data-Based and Complex Image-Based Sparse SAR Imaging Methods
Authors: Xu Zhilin , Zhang Bingchen , Bi Hui , Wu Chenyang , Wei Zhonghao
Published: January 2019

Sparse signal processing has already been introduced to synthetic aperture radar (SAR), which shows potential in improving imaging performance based on raw data or a complex image. In this paper, the relationship between a raw data-based sparse SAR imaging method (RD-SIM) and a complex image-based sparse SAR imaging method (CI-SIM) is compared and analyzed in detail, which is important to select appropriate algorithms in different cases. It is found that they are equivalent when the raw data is fully sampled. Both of them can effectively suppress noise and sidelobes, and hence improve the image performance compared with a matched filtering (MF) method. In addition, the target-to-background ratio (TBR) or azimuth ambiguity-to-signal ratio (AASR) performance indicators of RD-SIM are superior to those of CI-SIM in down-sampling data-based imaging, nonuniform displace phase center sampling, and sparse SAR imaging model-based azimuth ambiguity suppression.
A Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Healthcare Blockchain for IoT
Authors: Dwivedi Ashutosh Dhar , Srivastava Gautam , Dhar Shalini , Singh Rajani
Published: January 2019

Medical care has become one of the most indispensable parts of human lives, leading to a dramatic increase in medical big data. To streamline the diagnosis and treatment process, healthcare professionals are now adopting Internet of Things (IoT)-based wearable technology. Recent years have witnessed billions of sensors, devices, and vehicles being connected through the Internet. One such technology—remote patient monitoring—is common nowadays for the treatment and care of patients. However, these technologies also pose grave privacy risks and security concerns about the data transfer and the logging of data transactions. These security and privacy problems of medical data could result from a delay in treatment progress, even endangering the patient’s life. We propose the use of a blockchain to provide secure management and analysis of healthcare big data. However, blockchains are computationally expensive, demand high bandwidth and extra computational power, and are therefore not completely suitable for most resource-constrained IoT devices meant for smart cities. In this work, we try to resolve the above-mentioned issues of using blockchain with IoT devices. We propose a novel framework of modified blockchain models suitable for IoT devices that rely on their distributed nature and other additional privacy and security properties of the network. These additional privacy and security properties in our model are based on advanced cryptographic primitives. The solutions given here make IoT application data and transactions more secure and anonymous over a blockchain-based network.
Visualization of Urban Mobility Data from Intelligent Transportation Systems
Authors: Sobral Thiago , Galvão Teresa , Borges José
Published: January 2019

Intelligent Transportation Systems are an important enabler for the smart cities paradigm. Currently, such systems generate massive amounts of granular data that can be analyzed to better understand people’s dynamics. To address the multivariate nature of spatiotemporal urban mobility data, researchers and practitioners have developed an extensive body of research and interactive visualization tools. Data visualization provides multiple perspectives on data and supports the analytical tasks of domain experts. This article surveys related studies to analyze which topics of urban mobility were addressed and their related phenomena, and to identify the adopted visualization techniques and sensors data types. We highlight research opportunities based on our findings.
A Novel Infrared Temperature Measurement with Dual Mode Modulation of Thermopile Sensor
Authors: Shen Chih-Hsiung , Chen Shu-Jung , Guo Yi-Ting
Published: January 2019

Superior to the traditional infrared temperature sensing architecture including infrared sensor and thermistor, we propose a novel sensing approach based on a single thermopile sensor with dual modes modulation. A switching and sensing circuit is proposed and realized with a chopper amplifier AD8551 and p-channel MOSFET (PMOS) for switching between detection of thermal radiation and the target and the ambient temperature for compensation. The error of target temperature after temperature compensation is estimated at less than 0.14 °C.
Borough Development Dependent on Agricultural, Tourism, and Economy Levels
Authors: Stacherzak Agnieszka , Hełdak Maria
Published: January 2019

The study addresses the problem of functional transformations covering rural and urban-rural municipalities in Lower Silesia voivodship, according to the adopted functional typology of municipalities. The division of municipalities into functional types is a continuation of the research conducted in 1996, 2005, and 2010. The year 2016 was adopted as the base year for comparison, using the same criteria for their classification: the level of industrialization, the structure of the economy, and the level of tourist infrastructure development. The statistical analysis carried out within the framework of the study covered changes in the municipalities’ proportions of particular functional types between 1996, 2005, and 2016 and also the impact assessment of the quality of agricultural area and unemployment rate in relation to the determined municipality type. In order to obtain the research results, the statistical analysis using Cochran’s Q test was, among others, performed to determine changes in the proportions of municipalities and also one-way analysis of variance between groups was conducted to establish the indicated correlations. In the case of obtaining a statistically significant result, paired comparisons were carried out (between the types of municipalities) using Hommel’s procedure. The conducted analysis confirmed the adopted research theses, i.e., in the studied period from 1996 to 2016, the majority of the analyzed regions lost their agricultural function in favor of the industrial function.
The Impact of Product Design with Traditional Cultural Properties (TCPs) on Consumer Behavior Through Cultural Perceptions: Evidence from the Young Chinese Generation
Authors: Qin Zhenzhen , Song Yao , Tian Yao
Published: January 2019

Traditional Culture Properties (TCPs) have been regarded as one part of sustainable social and economic development. Culturally innovative products with elements derived from TCPs are obtaining increasing attention and is serving as a significant tool for communicating the aesthetics of product and underlying traditional culture. Recently, the crucial role of the young generation in inheriting TCPs’ contemporary value has been heavily discussed. However, little in-depth research has distinguished and verified the link between cultural product and consumer behavior intermediated by the perceived cultural sustainability and resilience. This paper tries to investigate the impact of culturally innovative product design with TCPs on the young Chinese generation’s perceptions of cultural development and product intentions. Empirical results indicate the significant positive effects of culturally innovative design on the young generation’s perception of cultural sustainability and resilience, and how this interlinks with their purchasing behaviors. Managerial implications are also discussed in this study.
Research on Hyperspectral Identification of Altered Minerals in Yemaquan West Gold Field, Xinjiang
Authors: Pan Ziwu , Liu Junjie , Ma Liqun , Chen Fengrui , Zhu Guchang , Qin Fen , Zhang Hongliang , Huang Jinting , Li Yang , Wang Juefan
Published: January 2019

Predictions of prospectivity based on remote sensing were developed using alteration mineral indicative hyperspectral mapping and remote sensing anomaly filtering, combined with geological characteristics and anomalous mineral field verification. Based on the results of the hyperspectral mineral mapping and the actual geological ground conditions, the results of mapping of altered minerals, such as chlorite, muscovite, kaolinite, and iron oxide were validated, and gold, silver, copper, nickel, and other geochemical anomaly areas were identified for verification work. The results of hyperspectral mineral extraction show that the mineral assemblage closely related to gold deposits in shear zones is muscovite + chlorite + epidote + kaolinite. This alteration mineral assemblage can be used as regional search criteria for shear zone gold mineralisation and was the basis for the discovery of mineralised hydrothermal alteration centres and delineation of four prospective targets. Established on a spectral prospectivity model of the study area, prospective ore-bearing areas have been delineated, which indicate the direction for further geological and mineral resource surveys.
Collaborative Processes and Collective Impact in Tourist Rural Villages—Insights from a Comparative Analysis between Argentinian and Italian Cases
Authors: Chiodo Emilio , Adriani Héctor Luis , Navarro Fernando Pablo , Salvatore Rita
Published: January 2019

Multi-case-study research conducted in some rural villages of Argentina and Italy is intended to propose a model of analysis and monitoring of the “collaborative processes” which stands behind the tourist enhancement of local assets. Based on the definition of “collective impact”, three main issues are analyzed: (1) the shortage of social capital, typical of some contemporary rural areas as a social problem; (2) the commitment of actors from different sectors to the common agenda of tourist development; (3) the structured form of coordination driven by extra-local organizations and programs, aimed at fostering sustainable tourism in rural villages. These issues are developed into key concepts used for the comparative description and analysis of the cases and for the definition of a common model of measurement and monitoring of the ongoing development processes. The main results are synthesized into a bidimensional plot, where the x-axis represents the “integration” dimension and the y-axis the “coordination”. Each village is then represented as a point of the Cartesian plan. The final idea is to use the model to monitor the processes within each different rural village and to measure the changes over time.
Large-Scale Grain Producers’ Application of Land Conservation Technologies in China: Correlation Effects and Determinants
Authors: Luo Xiaojuan , Feng Shuyi , Liu Hongbin , Zhao Bo
Published: January 2019

The quality of cultivated land has been seriously degraded due to the overuse of chemical fertilizer in China. Land conservation technologies (LCTs) have been proven to effectively address land degradation and improve land productivity. In this study, a multivariate probit model is applied to empirically analyze the correlation effects and determinants of the application of LCTs application using cross-sectional data collected on 690 large-scale grain producers from the Jiangsu and Jiangxi provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The sample farmers were individually investigated by face-to-face questionnaires in the field that included around 400 questions. The results revealed that there are significant complementary relationships among farm manure application, commercial organic fertilizer use, and green manure plantation, and between formula fertilization and straw returning. Regarding the determinants, highly educated farmers and farmers with a large farm size and high incomes are more likely to adopt LCTs. The land size variable shows an inverted U-shaped relationship with formula fertilization, with an inflection point at 153 mu (10.20 ha), while showing an U-shaped relationship with commodity organic fertilizer use and green manure plantation technologies, with the turning points at 207 mu (13.80 ha) and 124 mu (8.27 ha), respectively. The results also indicate that extension services from agricultural technicians, agricultural technical information, and policy knowledge variables have positive effects on the application of LCTs, while the subsidy policy variable does not appear to have the expected effect. To promote the application of LCTs, suggestions include improving the extension system, selecting targeted farmers for extension training, expanding environmental policy advocacy to increase farmers’ knowledge about land degradation, and adjusting subsidies.
Experimental Limiting Factors for the Search of μ → eγ at Future Facilities
Authors: Renga Francesco , Cavoto Gianluca , Papa Angela , Ripiccini Emanuele , Voena Cecilia
Published: January 2019

The search for the Lepton Flavor Violating decay μ → e γ exploits the most intense continuous muon beams, which can currently deliver ∼ 10 8 muons per second. In the next decade, accelerator upgrades are expected in various facilities, making it feasible to have continuous beams with an intensity of 10 9 or even 10 10 muons per second. We investigate the experimental limiting factors that will define the ultimate performances, and hence the sensitivity, in the search for μ → e γ with a continuous beam at these extremely high rates. We then consider some conceptual detector designs and evaluate the corresponding sensitivity as a function of the beam intensity.
Blood‐Bile Barrier: Morphology, Regulation, and Pathophysiology
Authors: Pradhan-Sundd Tirthadipa , Monga Satdarshan Pal
Published: January 2019

The term blood‐bile barrier (BBlB) refers to the physical structure within a hepatic lobule that compartmentalizes and hence segregates sinusoidal blood from canalicular bile. Thus, this barrier provides physiological protection in the liver, shielding the hepatocytes from bile
toxicity and restricting the mixing of blood and bile. BBlB is primarily composed of tight junctions; however, adherens junction, desmosomes, gap junctions, and hepatocyte bile transporters also contribute to the barrier function of the BBlB. Recent findings also suggest that disruption of
BBlB is associated with major hepatic diseases characterized by cholestasis and aberrations in BBlB thus may be a hallmark of many chronic liver diseases. Several molecular signaling pathways have now been shown to play a role in regulating the structure and function and eventually contribute
to regulation of the BBlB function within the liver. In this review, we will discuss the structure and function of the BBlB, summarize the methods to assess the integrity and function of BBlB, discuss the role of BBlB in liver pathophysiology, and finally, discuss the mechanisms of BBlB regulation.
Collectively, this review will demonstrate the significance of the BBlB in both liver homeostasis and hepatic dysfunction.
VALUE CO-CREATION THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA: A CASE STUDY OF A START-UP COMPANY
Authors: Kim Junic , Choi Hwanho
Published: January 2019

This research examines social media users’ value-creation processes and the drivers of a start-up company’s successful social media strategy. This research primarily aims to understand start-ups’ effective utilization of social media and value co-creation processes. Although utilizing social media has become key for many organizations, start-ups and small businesses often suffer from a lack of understanding and knowledge of the utilization of social media tools. Therefore, this article uses a case study on the relationship between a social media platform and users’ value co-creation to offer a conceptual framework for start-ups to consider in utilizing social media. Our research reveals that four core drivers of social media success include experience, satisfaction, expression, and sharing ability. Each of these drivers in turn contains conditions for understanding users’ value-creation process and the creation of drivers for successful social media strategies. The research contributes to literature by providing a detailed review of users’ value co-creation as a part of a start-up’s successful social media strategy.
Revealing a Head-on Major Merger in the Nearby NGC 6338 Group with Chandra and VLA Observations
Authors: Wang Yu , Lui Fuyao , Shen Zhiqiang , Wang Jingying , Hu Dan , Xu Hai-Guang
Published: January 2019

By analyzing the Chandra archival data of the nearby NGC 6338 galaxy group, we identify two X-ray bright clumps (N-clump and S-clump) within the central

kpc, and detect an arc-like X-ray brightness discontinuity at the south boundary of the N-clump, which is defined as a cold front with a gas flow Mach number of

. Furthermore, at the northeast boundary of the S-clump (dominated by galaxy NGC 6338) another X-ray edge is detected that corresponds to a weaker cold front. Therefore, the two clumps are approaching each other approximately from opposite directions, and the group is undergoing a head-on collision that is in a stage of pre-core passage. This merger scenario is also supported by the study of the line-of-sight velocity distribution of the group member galaxies. The merger mass ratio is about 1:1.8 as estimated from the central gas temperature of the two clumps, which suggests the merger is most likely to be a major merger. We also analyze the Very Large Array 1.4 and 4.9 GHz radio data, but we do not detect any extended radio emission that is associated with the merger.
Theoretical Study of Transition Probabilities and Stark Broadening Parameters and of Several Spectral Lines with Astrophysical Interest of Double-ionized Thallium
Authors: de Andrés-García I. , Colón-Ruiz C. , Colón C.
Published: January 2019

Leckrone et al. reported the presence of double-ionized thallium (Tl iii) in the stellar atmosphere of the chemically peculiar star, χ Lupi, in 1999. Two spectral lines at 1332.3 and 1558.6 Å were detected in its stellar spectrum. Here, we claim that there are ions and lines that need further study to make possible the LTE abundance analysis once improved atomic data is available. In this sense, Tl iii is included in the ions list that requires improved atomic data. To contribute to the solution of this problem, an analysis of the atomic parameters of the double-ionized thallium is presented here. In this work, calculations of transition probabilities were made to obtain values of the theoretical radiative lifetimes and theoretical Stark parameters for widths and shifts of 22 spectral lines of Tl iii. Relativistic Hartree–Fock calculations using Cowan’s code allowed us to obtain the required transition probabilities. In our calculations, the core polarization effects were included. Later, the Griem semiempirical approach was used to obtain the Stark parameters. Our lifetimes values for 10 levels were compared with the experimental ones. In this paper, we discuss the behavior of the Stark parameters versus the temperature of three relevant spectral lines. Stark width values of the isoelectronic sequence Tl iii–Pb iv are also displayed.
Millimeter Mapping at z ∼ 1: Dust-obscured Bulge Building and Disk Growth
Authors: Nelson Erica J. , Tadaki Ken-ichi , Tacconi Linda J. , Lutz Dieter , Förster Schreiber Natascha M. , Cibinel Anna , Wuyts Stijn , Lang Philipp , Leja Joel , Montes Mireia , Oesch Pascal A. , Belli Sirio , Davies Rebecca L. , Davies Richard I. , Genzel Reinhard , Lippa Magdalena , Price Sedona H. , Übler Hannah , Wisnioski Emily
Published: January 2019

A randomly chosen star in today’s universe is most likely to live in a galaxy with stellar mass between the Milky Way and Andromeda. It remains uncertain, however, how the structural evolution of these bulge-disk systems proceeded. Most of the unobscured star formation we observe by building Andromeda progenitor s at 0.7 < z < 1.5 occurs in disks, but ≳90% of their star formation is reprocessed by dust and remains unaccounted for. Here we map rest-500 μm dust continuum emission in an Andromeda progenitor at z = 1.25 to probe where it is growing through dust-obscured star formation. Combining resolved dust measurements from the NOthern Extended Millimeter Array interferometer with Hubble Space Telescope Hα maps and multicolor imaging (including new data from the Hubble Deep UV Legacy Survey, HDUV), we find a bulge growing by dust-obscured star formation: while the unobscured star formation is centrally suppressed, the dust continuum is centrally concentrated, filling the ring-like structure that is evident in the Hα and UV emission. Reflecting this, the dust emission is more compact than the optical/UV tracers of star formation with r

e
(dust) = 3.4 kpc, r

e
(Hα)/r

e
(dust) = 1.4, and r

e
(UV)/r

e
(dust) = 1.8. Crucially, however, the bulge and disk of this galaxy are building simultaneously; although the dust emission is more compact than the rest-optical emission (r

e
(optical)/r

e
(dust) = 1.4), it is somewhat less compact than the stellar mass (r

e
(M
*)/r

e
(dust) = 0.9). Taking the rest-500 μm emission as a tracer, the expected structural evolution can be accounted for by star formation: it will grow in size by Δr

e
/ΔM
* ∼ 0.3 and in central surface density by ΔΣcen/ΔM
* ∼ 0.9. Finally, our observations are consistent with a picture in which merging and disk instabilities drive gas to the center of galaxies, boosting global star formation rates above the main sequence and building bulges.
The Effect of Carbon Grain Destruction on the Chemical Structure of Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Wei Chen-En , Nomura Hideko , Lee Jeong-Eun , Ip Wing-Huen , Walsh Catherine , Millar T. J.
Published: January 2019

The bulk composition of Earth is dramatically carbon-poor compared to that of the interstellar medium, and this phenomenon extends to the asteroid belt. To interpret this carbon deficit problem, the carbonaceous component in grains must have been converted into the gas phase in the inner regions of protoplanetary disks (PPDs) prior to planetary formation. We examine the effect of carbon grain destruction on the chemical structure of disks by calculating the molecular abundances and distributions using a comprehensive chemical reaction network. When carbon grains are destroyed and the elemental abundance of the gas becomes carbon-rich, the abundances of carbon-bearing molecules, such as HCN and carbon-chain molecules, increase dramatically near the midplane, while oxygen-bearing molecules, such as

and

, are depleted. We compare the results of these model calculations with the solid carbon-to-silicon fraction in the solar system. Although we find a carbon depletion gradient, there are some quantitative discrepancies: the model shows a higher value at the position of the asteroid belt and a lower value at the location of Earth. In addition, using the obtained molecular abundance distributions, coupled with line radiative transfer calculations, we make predictions for ALMA to potentially observe the effect of carbon grain destruction in nearby PPDs. The results indicate that HCN,

, and c-

may be good tracers.
The Relation between Outburst Rate and Orbital Period in Low-mass X-Ray Binary Transients
Authors: Lin Jie , Yan Zhen , Han Zhanwen , Yu Wenfei
Published: January 2019

We have investigated the outburst properties of low-mass X-ray binary transients (LMXBTs) based on a comprehensive study of the outbursts observed in the past few decades. The outburst rates were estimated based on the X-ray monitoring data from Swift/BAT, RXTE/ASM, and MAXI and previous reports in the literature. We found that almost all LMXBTs with the orbital period below ∼12 hr showed only one outburst in these observations. There are systematic differences in the outburst rate between long-period (

hr) and short-period (

hr) systems. We infer that mass transfer rate is responsible for the systematic difference, since the disk instability model suggested that the mass transfer rate is a key factor affecting the quiescence time. The difference in outburst rate between long-period and short-period LMXBTs is probably due to the different mass transfer mechanism at different evolutionary stages of the donors. Based on the evolutionary tracks of single stars, we derived the critical orbital period for X-ray binaries that harbor a subgiant donor in various metallicities. The critical orbital period (

hr) is consistent with the above orbital period boundary obtained from the statistics of outburst rates. Furthermore, we found a negative correlation between the outburst rate and the orbital period in the samples for which the luminosity class of the donor star is III/IV. The best-fitting power-law index for the black hole subsamples is roughly consistent with the theoretical prediction for those systems with a donor star evolved off the main sequence.
Role of Soluble Transferrin Receptor and Transferrin Receptor-Ferritin Index to Detect Iron Deficiency Anemia in Regular Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Suega Ketut , Kandarini Yenny , Tubung Jemi
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Several iron indicators can be used to detect iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) where confounding comorbidities occurred such as patients with regular hemodialysis. AIM: This study was aimed to determine the diagnostic value of serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) and transferrin receptor-transferrin index (TfR-F index) and to combine these two markers in detecting IDA in regular hemodialysis anaemic patients. METHODS: There were 70 patients recruited consecutively. IDA was diagnosed based on TS < 20% and ferritin level < 200 ng/L and functional iron deficiency when TS < 20% and ferritin > 200 ng/L. TfR-F index calculated as sTfR/log ferritin. RESULTS: Correlation of ferritin to iron level was changed when its correlation adjusted by confounding inflammation (CRP level > 10). The correlation strength of ferritin to iron serum before adjusted was r = 0.37 with p = 0.02 but became r = 0.65 with p = 0.023 after adjusted to CRP > 10. In inflammation (CRP > 10), ferritin mild-moderately correlated with iron but became moderately strong when there was no inflammation (CRP < 10). AUC for sTfR was 0.77 with p = 0.028 (95% CI 0.55-0.99), and for TfR-F index has larger AUC 0.85% with p = 0.004 (95%CI 0.69-1.00), hence TfR-F index more superior than sTfR. sTfR and sTfR-F index were not correlated with CRP with p > 0.05, and sTfR and TfR-F index mean level was different between IDA and ACD patients although not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: When sTfR and the TfR-F index used in combination to detect IDA, we found the largest AUC on ROC 0.98 (95% CI 0.94-1.00).
Remote estimation of crop canopy parameters by statistical regression algorithms for winter rapeseed using Sentinel-2 multispectral images
Authors: Ganeva Dessislava , Roumenina Eugenia
Published: January 2019

Еstimation of crop canopy parameters is important task for remote sensing monitoring of agriculture and constructing strategies for within-field management. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the retrieval from Sentinel-2 images by parametric and non-parametric statistical models several crop canopy parameters for monitoring before winter and after winter rapeseed crop in real farming conditions of North East Bulgaria. For the calibration of the models in-situ data from three field campaigns is used. For most of the studied parameters models with good accuracy were identified, except for aboveground fresh biomass. The best identified model for vegetation fraction (RMSEcv=0.14%) and plant density (RMSEcv=9 nb/m2) were parametric models with three band vegetation index (3BSI-Tian) and linear fitting function for the first, three band vegetation index (3BSI-Verreslt) and polynomial for the second parameter. For aboveground dry biomass (RMSEcv=52 g/m²), mean plant height (RMSEcv=4cm) and nitrogen concentration in fresh biomass (RMSEcv=2%) the best models were non-parametric, Gaussian Processes Regression for the first parameter and Variational Heteroscedastic variant of the Gaussian Processes Regression for the other two.
Histopathologic Analysis of 232 Eyes With Retinoblastoma Conducted in an Indian Tertiary-Care Ophthalmic Center
Authors: Biswas Jyotirmay , Das Dipankar , Krishnakumar S , Shanmugam Mahesh P
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To study the histopathologic features of 232 enucleated eyes with retinoblastoma.

Materials and Methods: Two hundred thirty-two enucleated eyes with retinoblastoma in a tertiarycare institute from 1982 to 2001 were reviewed. Data were collected and analyzed about the type of growth and the presence or absence of vitreous or subretinal seeding, rosettes and fleurettes, necrosis, calcification, iris neovascularization, and invasion of the anterior chamber, iris, choroid, optic nerve, and sclera. Choroidal invasion was graded using a new system. Results were analyzed for statistical significance.

Results: The endophytic growth pattern was common in 118 (51%) of the eyes. Vitreous seeds were present in 109 (47%) of the tumors, 23 (10%) of the tumors had subretinal seeds, and 14 (6%) of the tumors had both. Poorly differentiated tumors were present in 1 34 (58%) of the eyes. Iris neovascularization was noted in 71 (31%) of the eyes ano choroidal invasion was observed in 78 (34%) of the eyes. Of these 78 eyes, full-thickness (stage 4) choroidal invasion was present in 51 (65%). Optic nerve invasion was observed in 75 (32%) of the eyes, of which prelaminar involvement occurred in 40 (53%) and postlaminar involvement occurred in 22 (29%).

Conclusion: A higher incidence of choroidal and optic nerve infiltration was noted among Asian Indian children than among children from the West. This could be due to delayed diagnosis or to a difference in the biological behavior of tumors occurring in the Asian Indian population.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2003;40:265-267.
Long-Term Results of Unilateral Lateral Rectus Recession in Intermittent Exotropia
Authors: Dadeya Subhash , Kamlesh
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Unilateral lateral rectus recession is an alternative procedure in the treatment of moderate angle intermittent exotropia. However, longterm results of unilateral lateral rectus recession have not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term stability of alignment following unilateral lateral rectus recession in patients with intermittent exotropia with a deviation of 25 to 30 PD.

Patients and Methods: Thirty-two patients with intermittent exotropia with a deviation of 25 to 30 PD were included in this study. All patients underwent 8-mm unilateral lateral rectus recession by conventional techniques.

Results: Satisfactory results (± 5 PD of orthophoria) were obtained in 77.7% of the patients after a 3-year follow-up period. The mean correction achieved was 22.9 PD.

Conclusion: Our results indicate that 8-mm unilateral lateral rectus recession is an attractive alternative procedure in the treatment of intermittent exotropia with a deviation of 25 to 30 PD.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2003;40:283-287.
Retroscleral Implantation Technique for Porous Polyethylene Orbital Implant After Evisceration
Authors: Choung Ho-Kyung , Han Soo Kyung , Khwarg Sang In
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The authors developed a technique for the retroscleral implantation of a porous polyethylene orbital implant after evisceration for the placement of an adequately large orbital implant without wound tension. The surgical results of the technique in 27 patients are reported. The technique involves the severance of the optic nerve after standard evisceration and the insertion of the orbital implant into the retroscleral and intraconal space through the side of the scleral shell. All patients received a 20-mm orbital implant. No complications such as infection, implant exposure, or worsened implant motility were observed during the average follow-up period of 22.4 months. Retroscleral implantation of the orbital implant after evisceration may be an appropriate procedure that allows placement of a large orbital implant without exposure or decreased implant motility. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:436-440.]
Early and Late Effects of Pterygium Surgery on Corneal Topography
Authors: Ozdemir Murat , Cinal Adnan
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the corneal topographic changes at the early and late postoperative period after pterygium surgery.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixteen eyes of 15 patients with primary pterygium were included in the study. All of the pterygia were excised primarily. Computerized corneal topography measurements were taken before surgery and at the second week (postoperative early period) and third month (postoperative late period) after the operation. Keratometric astigmatism, total mean corneal refractive power, and flattened or steepened areas of the cornea were detected at each visit. The topographical changes were evaluated using the analysis of variance. Multiple comparison analyses were made with theTukey HSD test.

* RESULTS: Keratometric astigmatism was 2.58 ± 2.33 diopters (D) at the preoperative period, 1.30 ± 1.24 D at the postoperative early period, and 0.61 ± 0.38 D at the postoperative late period (P < .001). The surgically induced corneal astigmatism was 3.23 ± 2.33 D (range, 0.52 to 8.32 D) at the postoperative early period and 2.70 ± 2.24 D (range, 0.47 to 7.72 D) at the postoperative late period (P= .287). Astigmatism was 81.25% with-the-rule at the preoperative period, 43.75% oblique and 37.50% against-the-rule at the postoperative early period, and 62.50% with-the-rule at the postoperative late period. Total mean corneal refractive power was 42.51 ± 1.99 D at the preoperative period, 43.95± 1.58 D at the postoperative early period, and 43.89 ± 1.80 D at the postoperative late period (P= .014).

* CONCLUSION: Corneal topographic changes induced by pterygium greatly improve at the postoperative early period. However, normal corneal topography patterns are formed at the postoperative late period.

[Ophthalmic Surg Laser Imaging 2005;36:451-456.]
Influence of Particle Size on Machinability Behavior in Turning of AA6061-AlN Composites
Authors: Mahamani Arumugam
Published: January 2019

Machinability of the composites and achieving the dimensional accuracy in addition to surface finish at an economic machining rate is still the topic for numerous researchers. The current article describes the variation in machinability characteristics of AA6061-AlN composites under various sizes of reinforcements. Cutting speed, cutting depth and feed rate are preferred to perform the turning test. Cutting force, surface roughness and flank wear are identified to appraise the machinability characteristics. For an identical machining condition, the nano particle reinforced composite has less surface roughness and minimal flank wear and a greater cutting force than the other composites. An increment in cutting speed raises the flank wear and declines the surface roughness and cutting force for all composites. The findings from the experimental investigation help to utilize the turning process for machining the composites with various sizes of reinforcement at the economic rate of machining without compromising the surface quality.
Démonstrations de captage et de stockage de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) au Canada
Authors:   Energy Sector, Natural Resources Canada
Published: January 2019

L'an dernier, à Hokkaido, au Japon, les leaders du G8 se sont engagés à appuyer l'objectif de lancer, au niveau international, 20 démonstrations à grande échelle de captage et de stockage de CO2 (CSC), d'ici à 2010. Cette
mesure a été établie comme un élément essentiel pour relever le défi posé par les changements climatiques au niveau mondial. Le Canada accueillera les représentants des pays du G8 lors de la réunion de 2010, date butoir de cet engagement, et il fera les
efforts nécessaires pour atteindre cet objectif.
CCS at sour natural gas processing plant
Authors:   Energy Sector, Natural Resources Canada
Published: January 2019

This project focuses on investigating the geological, technical and economic feasibility of a world-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) project associated with Spectra Energy's existing gas processing plant in Fort Nelson, B.C., the largest sour gas processing
plant in North America. Raw gas in the Fort Nelson area contains high natural levels of CO2, which is stripped away during processing and is currently vented to the atmosphere. If the project is proven feasible, the CO2 would be compressed, dehydrated and cooled into a concentrated stream and then
injected into deep saline formations, two and a half kilometres underground, for permanent sequestration. The project is designed to demonstrate the technical feasibility of injecting large volumes of sour CO2 into deep saline formations for permanent storage. If successful, it will lay the
groundwork for one of the largest carbon capture and storage projects of its kind in the world.
CO2 sequestration in shallow, thin, heavy oil reservoirs
Authors:   Energy Sector, Natural Resources Canada
Published: January 2019

This project will focus on targeted research R&D activities to develop new knowledge and methods for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in heavy oil reservoirs, using injected CO2 that could be permanently stored in the reservoirs, a new approach in heavy oil
extraction. It will capture CO2 from Husky's ethanol plant and heavy oil upgrader, then transport and inject it into heavy oil reservoirs located in the vicinity of the upgrader. This is expected to enhance oil recovery and help determine the suitability of heavy oil reservoirs for CO2
sequestration. Eventually, this project could lead to the capture of up to 400,000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the Husky ethanol plant and upgrader by purifying, dehydrating, compressing and transporting the CO2 to heavy oil reservoirs throughout the Lloydminster area. Valued added by CO2-based EOR
can be a key component of sustainable sequestration, and the demonstration of the integration of capture and EOR with ultimate sequestration would be a major milestone.
Projet pilote de caractérisation et d'injection de CO2 dans un grand aquifère salin
Authors:   Energy Sector, Natural Resources Canada
Published: January 2019

Ce projet vise à démontrer la faisabilité du stockage sécuritaire de CO2 dans le paléorécif Leduc à Redwater, situé au nord-est d'Edmonton, en Alberta. Ce site est à proximité de la région industrielle
albertaine de Heartland, où l'on trouve d'importantes sources industrielles d'émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES), soit des usines de produits chimiques et d'engrais, de même que plusieurs installations de traitement des sables bitumineux en activité, en construction ou
en cours de planification. Le paléorécif Leduc à Redwater est en outre situé dans un emplacement stratégique, le long d'un chemin rectiligne entre Fort McMurray et Edmonton, qui pourrait éventuellement servir de trajectoire à une canalisation de CO2 partant de Fort
McMurray. Selon l'estimation réalisée durant les travaux préliminaires, la capacité totale de stockage de la partie saline de l'aquifère du paléorécif serait de 1 gigatonne de CO2. Ce projet démontrera que le captage et le stockage de CO2 à l'échelle
commerciale (à raison de plusieurs mégatonnes [Mt] par année) peuvent contribuer à réduire considérablement les émissions de GES.
De vier stappen naar gebalanceerde arbeidsflexibiliteit: adviezen aan de HR-praktijk
Authors: Verbiest Sarike , Koopmans Linda
Published: January 2019

De laatste decennia is de flexibilisering van de arbeidsmarkt toegenomen. Het aantal vaste contracten is afgenomen en de flexibele schil is gegroeid. Zo waren er in 2003 ruim 5,7 miljoen vaste arbeidsrelaties en ruim één miljoen flexibel werkenden in Nederland. In het
eerste kwartaal van 2018 bedraagt het aantal vaste arbeidsrelaties 5,3 miljoen en nadert het aantal flexibele arbeidsrelaties de twee miljoen. Bovendien zijn er ruim één miljoen zelfstandigen zonder personeel. Daarmee is de flexibele schil nu bijna 40%. Het werken met flexibele
contracten kan risico's met zich meebrengen voor het welzijn van de werkenden met een flexibel contract en voor de organisatieprestaties. Het is slechts één van de flexibiliteitsmaatregelen die organisaties kunnen hanteren. In dit artikel leest u over de alternatieven. Op welke
wijzen kunnen werkgevers de benodigde flexibiliteit behalen en tegelijkertijd het welzijn van de medewerkers waarborgen? We bespreken concrete voorbeelden uit de praktijk en specifiek de rol die HR kan vervullen.In recent decades, the flexibilisation of the labour market has grown. The number of permanent contracts has decreased whereas flexible work relations have increased. For example, in 2003 there were 5,7 million permanent employees and more than 1 million flexible employees in The Netherlands. In the first quarter of 2018, the number of permanent work relations is 5,3 million and the number of flexible work relations is almost 2 million. In addition, there are more than 1 million self-employed entrepreneurs without personnel. As a result, the ‘flexible layer’ is almost 40%. Working on a flexible contract poses risks for the well-being of the flex workers, but also for organizational performance. It is only one of the flexibility measures an organisation can use. This applied research article aims to inform readers about alternative measures.1 How can organisations achieve the required flexibility while at the same time ensuring the well-being of the employees? Stories from practice are shared and the role of HR is discussed.
A study of volatility by composition, heating, and dilution
measurements of secondary organic aerosol from 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
Authors: Sato Kei , Fujitani Yuji , Inomata Satoshi , Morino Yu , Tanabe Kiyoshi , Hikida Toshihide , Shimono Akio , Takami Akinori , Fushimi Akihiro , Kondo Yoshinori , Imamura Takashi , Tanimoto Hiroshi , Sugata Seiji
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Studies of the volatility distribution of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from aromatic compounds are limited compared with SOA from biogenic monoterpenes. In this study, the volatility distribution was investigated by composition, heating, and dilution measurements for SOA formed from the photooxidation of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene in the presence of NOx. Composition studies revealed that highly oxygenated monomers (C9H14Ox, x = 4–7) and dimers (C18H26Ox, x = 8–12) are the major products in SOA particles. Highly oxygenated molecules (HOMs) with 5 or more oxygens were formed during photochemical aging, whereas dimers degraded during photochemical aging. HOMs with 5 or more oxygens may be produced from the photooxidation of phenol-type gaseous products, whereas dimers in the particle phase may be photolyzed to smaller molecules during photochemical aging. The results of composition, heating, and dilution measurements showed that fresh SOA formed from 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene photooxidation includes low-volatility compounds with