bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal Properties of Positive and Negative Defocus on Emmetropization
Authors: Zhu Xiaoying , Kang Pauline , Troilo David , Benavente-Perez Alexandra
Published: October 2021

Studying the temporal integration of visual signals is crucial to understand how time spent on different visual tasks can affect emmetropization and refractive error development. In this study we assessed the effect of interrupting positive and negative lens-imposed defocus with brief periods of unrestricted vision or darkness. A total of forty-six marmosets were treated monocularly with soft contact lenses for 4 weeks from 10 weeks of age (OD: +5D or -5D; OS: plano). Two control groups wore +5D (n = 5) or –5D (n = 13) lenses continuously for 9 hours/day. Two experimental groups had lens-wear interrupted for 30 minutes twice/day at noon and mid-afternoon by removing lenses and monitoring vision while marmosets sat at the center of a viewing cylinder (normal vision interruption, +5D: n =7; –5D: n = 8) or while they were in the dark (dark interruption, +5D: n =7; –5D: n = 6). The interruption period (30 mins/day) represented approx. 10% of the total stimulation time (9 hours/day). On-axis refractive error (RE) and vitreous chamber depth (VCD) were measured using an autorefractor and high frequency A-scan ultrasound at baseline and after treatment. Wearing +5D lenses continuously 9 hours/day for 4 weeks induced slowed eye growth and hyperopic shifts in RE in treated relative to contralateral control eyes (relative change, VCD: –25 ± 11 μm, p > 0.05; RE: +1.24 ± 0.58 D, p > 0.05), whereas -5D lens wear resulted in larger and myopic eyes (relative change, VCD: +109 ± 24 μm, p < 0.001; RE: –2.03 ± 0.56 D, p < 0.05), significantly different from those in the +5D lens-treated animals (p < 0.01 for both). Interrupting lens induced defocus with periods of normal vision or darkness for approx. 10% of the treatment time affected the resulting compensation differently for myopic and hyperopic defocus. Interrupting defocus with unrestricted vision reduced –5D defocus compensation but enhanced +5D defocus compensation (–5D, VCD: +18 ± 33 μm; RE: –0.93 ± 0.50 D, both p > 0.05; +5D, VCD: –86 ± 30 μm; RE: +1.93 ± 0.50 D,both p < 0.05). Interrupting defocus with darkness also decreased -5D defocus compensation, but had little effect on +5D defocus compensation (–5D, VCD: +73 ± 34 μm, RE: –1.13 ± 0.77 D, p > 0.05 for both; +5D, VCD: –10 ± 28 μm, RE: +1.22 ± 0.50 D, p > 0.05 for both). These findings in a non-human primate model of emmetropization are similar to those described in other species and confirm a non-linear model of visual signal integration over time. This suggests a mechanism that is conserved across species and may have clinical implications for myopia management in school-aged children.
Drug and substance abuse among university students
Authors: Namada Juliana Mulaa , Karimi James Ngari
Published: October 2021

Research objective: The main objective of the study was to explore drug and substance abuse among university students. Specifically, the study sought to investigate factors influencing drug and substance abuse and find out the effect of drug and substance abuse on university students.Methods: The study adopted mixed method approach. Triangulation was used in data collection both questionnaires and focus group discussions were used to collect data. Multistage sampling was used to get representation from all the five schools within the university. In each school, cluster sampling was while at programme level, simple random sampling was used. Snowball sampling technique was be used to identify the drug and substance abusers who were now targeted for interviews in focus group discussions. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed using common theming method.Results: The study established three factors which influence drug and substance abuse among university students. The factors in order of significance are peer pressure, student residence and family background of the students. In terms of influence of drugs and substances, they impair student judgement, affect quality of sleep, and lowers the performance of students both in class and outside class.Conclusions and Recommendations:The study concluded that the social groupings which generate peer pressure, the type of accommodation for the students and family influence on students need to be considered in student mentoring to effectively manage the menace of drug and substance abuse. The study recommends a turn round strategy by the university in dealing with drug and substance abuse menace to improve performance retention and completion rates.
Investigate The Sintering Behavior of IZO Ceramic Targets Prepared By Pressure Slip Casting
Authors: Liu Chaofei , Zeng Xueyun , Liu Xiaokai , Sun Benshuang , Zuo Zhongheng , Shu Yongchun , Liu Yang , Yi Jianhong , He Jilin
Published: October 2021

The density and phase structure uniformity of the IZO ceramic target would have an effect on the optoelectronic properties of the sputtered film. In this work, a uniformly dispersed IZO slurry was used to obtain high-density green IZO compacts by the slip casting process. Based on the grain size and shrinkage data of IZO ceramics, the densification process was investigated, while the apparent activation energy and growth activation energy were also calculated. The results of XPS showed that sintering in an oxygen atmosphere can increase the concentration of oxygen vacancies of IZO ceramic to improve its electrical properties. Finally, IZO ceramics with a grain size of 3-6 μm and resistivity of 1.5 mΩ·cm were obtained by a two-step sintering method.
A Study of Nurses’ Stress Management in Facing and Caring for COVID-19 Patients: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Moghaddam Mahboobeh Hosseini , Mohebbi Zinat , Tehranineshat Banafsheh
Published: October 2021

Background

Being in the frontline of the battle against COVID-19, nurses need to be capable of stress management to maintain their physical and psychological well-being in the face of a variety of stressors. The present study aims to explore the challenges, strategies, and outcomes of stress management in nurses who face and provide care to COVID-19 patients.
Methods

The present study is a qualitative descriptive work that was conducted in teaching hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from June 2020 to March 2021. Fourteen nurses who were in practice in units assigned to COVID-19 patients were selected via purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured, individual interviews conducted online. The collected data were analyzed using MAXQDA 10 according to the conventional content analysis method suggested by Graneheim and Lundman.
Results

The data collected in the interviews resulted in 14 subcategories under 4 main categories: providing care with uncertainty and anxiety, facing psychological and mental tension, creating a context for support, and experiencing personal-professional growth.
Conclusions

Despite their concern over contracting the infection and transmitting it to their families, nurses feel compelled to provide professional care to patients under all circumstances. Work overload and working in exhausting conditions lead to nurses’ physical and psychological burnout, thus their need for the support of authorities and their families. Based on the nurses’ experiences, the primary outcomes of caring for COVID-19 patients are personal growth and professional empowerment.
Synthesis and Property Characterization of Ternary Laminar Zr2SB Ceramic
Authors: Zhang Qiqiang , Fu Shuai , Wan Detian , Bao Yiwang , Feng Qingguo , Grasso Salvatore , Hu Chunfeng
Published: October 2021

In this paper, Zr2SB ceramics with high relative density (99.03%) and high purity of 82.95 wt% (containing 8.96 wt% ZrB2 and 8.09 wt% zirconium) were successfully synthesized from ZrH2, sublimated sulfur and boron powder by spark plasma sintering at 1300 ℃. The reaction mechanism, microstructures, physical properties and mechanical properties of Zr2SB ceramic were systematically studied. The results show that Zr2SB was obtained by the reaction of zirconium sulfide, zirconium and boron, and ZrB2 coexisted in the sample as a symbiotic impurity phase. The average grain size of Zr2SB was 12.46 μm in length and 5.12 μm in width, and the mean grain sizes of ZrB2 and zirconium impurities were about 300 nm. In terms of physical properties, the measured thermal expansion coefficient was 7.64 × 10-6 K-1 from room temperature to 1200 ℃, and the thermal capacity and thermal conductivity at room temperature were 0.39 J·g−1·K−1 and 12.01 W∙m−1∙K−1, respectively. The room temperature electrical conductivity of Zr2SB ceramic was measured to be 1.74 × 106 Ω−1∙m−1. In terms of mechanical properties, Vickers hardness was 9.86 ± 0.63 GPa under 200 N load, and the measured flexural strength, fracture toughness and compressive strength were 269 ± 12.7 MPa, 3.94 ± 0.63 MPa·m1/2, and 2166.74 ± 291.34 MPa, respectively.
Socio-demographic Factors, Dental Status, Oral Health Knowledge & Attitude, and Health-related Behaviors in Dental Visits Among 12-year-old Shenzhen Adolescents: a Multilevel Analysis
Authors: He Jinfeng , Yuan Bo , Zhou Shanyu , Peng Shuyuan , Xu Ye , Cai He , Cheng Li , You Yuehua , Hu Tao
Published: October 2021

Background: Dental visits can provide education, prevention and treatment measures for teenagers, and help to form correct oral health knowledge and attitude. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of socio-demographic factors, dental status, oral health literacy, and health-related behaviors on dental visits in early 12-year-old adolescents.Methods: 953 subjects aged 12 in Longhua District of Shenzhen were investigated. The questionnaire and clinical examination were applied in schools, and two-level logistic regression models were constructed to interpret the effect of individual and contextual factors on Shenzhen adolescents' dental visits.Results: A total of 27.6% of the participants had not been to a dentist. After the multiple factors binary logistic regression analysis, it confirmed that the following variables: Shenzhen hukou (OR =2.133, 95% CI: 1.429-3.185)，moderate caries (OR =1.404, 95% CI: 1.022-1.928) and severe caries (OR =2.546, 95% CI: 1.461-4.437)，Angle Class II malocclusion( OR =1.703, 95% CI: 1.134-2.556), sometimes or never toothbrushing (OR =2.985, 95% CI: 1.491-5.975), Dental floss usage (OR =1.829, 95% CI: 1.250-2.677), having had a toothache within the last 12 months (OR =1.469, 95% CI: 1.086-1.986), high Knowledge attitude level (OR =1.570, 95% CI: 1.106-2.229), moderate Knowledge attitude level (OR =1.534, 95% CI: 1.073-2.193), were associated factors for dental visit experience.Conclusions: The dental visits of 12-year-old children in Longhua District of Shenzhen is affected by multi-dimensional factors. It is suggested that oral health education should be strengthened, good oral hygiene habits should be cultivated, and the needs and utilization of oral health services for non-Shenzhen adolescents should be paid attention to, so as to effectively improve the overall oral health level of adolescents.
The Coexistence of Dual Malnutrition At Household Level in India: Evidence From The Comprehensive National Nutrition Study 2016–18
Authors: Porwal Akash , Ashraf Sana , Ramesh Sowmya , Khan Nizamuddin , Johnston Robert , Sarna Avina , Acharya Rajib , Agarwal Praween
Published: October 2021

Objective
To examine the prevalence of DBM at national, state, regional level and its proximate determinants in households with a mother and child under 5 years of age.
Methods
The present study includes data on 38,060 children under 5 years of age and their biological mothers, drawn from the nationally representative Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) of children and adolescents aged 0–19 years in India. The outcome variable for this study was the double burden of malnutrition at the household level. A child was classified as stunted if the height was at least -2SD below the mean for their age. A mother with a body mass index (BMI) of more than or equal to 25kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) was considered as overweight. A binary variable with coexistence of both conditions was created and categorized as 1 (existence of stunted child and overweight mother), and 0 otherwise. Multivariate regression analysis was used to examine the association between DBM and covariates at maternal, child and household level.
Results
3.4% of households were found to be with DBM, with higher prevalence in urban areas (6.2%) as compared to rural areas (2.5%). Inter-state and regional variations were present in the prevalence of DBM. The proportion of DBM was higher in households with mothers aged 30 years or more, mothers not working and those who had cesarean births. Prevalence of DBM was found to be higher in urban area and rich households.
Conclusion
This study shows the prevalence of DBM and its proximate determinants. These findings highlight the need for a comprehensive nutrition programme that targets both undernutrition and overnutrition. While formulating standalone policies for both forms of malnutrition is relatively easier, customized policies and programmes are needed to combat the conflicting situation of dietary excess and deprivation at the household level.
Decoding ceRNA Regulatory Network in Pulmonary Artery of Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension (HPH) Rat Model
Authors: Wang Jun , Niu Yanqin , Luo Lingjie , Lu Zefeng , Chen Qinghua , Zhang Shasha , Guo Qianwen , Li Li , Gou Deming
Published: October 2021

Background
Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a lethal cardiovascular disease with the characteristic of severe remodelling of pulmonary vascular. Although large number of dysregulated mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs related to HPH have been identified in extensive studies, the RNA regulatory network in pulmonary artery that respond to hypoxia remains poorly understood.
Results
Transcriptomic profiles in pulmonary arteries of HPH rats were interrogated through high-throughput RNA sequencing in this study. The differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs) including DEmRNAs, DElncRNAs, DEcircRNAs and DEmiRNAs between HPH and normal rats were investigated. A set of 19 DEmRNAs, 8 DElncRNAs, 19 DEcircRNAs and 23 DEmiRNAs were identified through a relatively strict screening. The DEmRNAs were further found to be involved in cell adhesion, axon guidance, PPAR signalling pathway and calcium signalling pathway, suggesting their crucial role in HPH. Furthermore, according to the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis, a hypoxia induced ceRNA regulatory network in pulmonary arteries of HPH rats was constructed. More specifically, the ceRNA network was composed of 10 miRNAs as hub nodes, which might be sponged by 6 circRNAs and 7 lncRNAs, and directed the expression of 18 downstream target genes that might play important role in the progression of HPH. Expression pattern of selected DERNAs in the ceRNA network were validated to be in consistent with sequencing results. Diagnostic effectiveness of several hub mRNAs were further evaluated through investigating their expression profiles in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) recorded in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GSE117261. Dysregulated POSTN, LTBP2, SPP1 and LSAMP were observed in both the pulmonary arteries of HPH rats and lung tissues of PAH patients.
Conclusions
A ceRNA regulatory network in pulmonary arteries of HPH rats was constructed, 10 hub miRNAs and their corresponding interacting lncRNAs, circRNAs and mRNAs were identified. The expression pattern of selected DERNAs were further validated to be in consistent with sequencing result. POSTN, LTBP2, SPP1 and LSAMP were suggested to be potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PAH.
Modelagem e Identificação de Dados Epidemiológicos Associados à Pandemia de COVID- 19 em Santa Catarina
Authors: Anschau Eduard Hermes , Brito Alexandro Garro , Jaskowiak Pablo Andretta
Published: October 2021

O novo coronavírus (COVID-19) difundiu-se de maneira significante por todo o globo e tornou-se uma das grandes mazelas da contemporaneidade, impactando profundamente o Brasil, o qual configura como uma das nações mais afetadas pela doença. Desse modo, a necessidade por sistemas tecnológicos de combate à crise sanitária tornou-se ainda mais urgente nesse país. À vista disso, o presente artigo apresenta um estudo comparativo entre duas técnicas de modelagem e previsão de dados epidemiológicos associados à pandemia de Covid no Brasil, especificamente no estado de Santa Catarina. Essencialmente, foram concebidos modelos do tipo Non-Linear Autoregressive model with eXogenous input (NARX) polinomiais como contraponto à modelagem de séries temporais por meio da construção de redes neurais recorrentes da variante Long short-term memory (LSTM) para séries de dados correspondentes às quantidades de casos confirmados, óbitos, pacientes recuperados e leitos do sistema público de saúde ocupados por pacientes acometidos pela doença. O desempenho preditivo dos modelos, avaliado por meio da aplicação de métricas de desempenho tradicionais, mostrou que, para três das quatro séries temporais utilizadas para previsão, o modelo NARX obteve resultados mais satisfatórios.
Multi-scale investigation on streamflow temporal variability and its connection to global climate indices for unregulated rivers in India
Authors: Yeditha Pavan Kumar , Pant Tarun , Rathinasamy Maheswaran , Agarwal Ankit
Published: October 2021

With the increasing stress on water resources for a developing country like India, it is pertinent to understand the dominant streamflow patterns for effective planning and management activities. This study investigates the spatiotemporal characterization of streamflow of six unregulated catchments in India. Firstly, Mann Kendall (MK) and Changepoint analysis were carried out to detect the presence of trends and any abrupt changes in hydroclimatic variables in the chosen streamflows. To unravel the relationships between the temporal variability of streamflow and its association with precipitation and global climate indices, namely, Niño 3.4, IOD, PDO, and NAO, continuous wavelet transform is used. Cross-wavelet transform and wavelet coherence analysis were also used to capture the coherent and phase relationships between streamflow and climate indices. The continuous wavelet transforms of streamflow data revealed that intra-annual (0.5 years), annual (1 year), and inter-annual (2–4 year) oscillations are statistically significant. Furthermore, a better understanding of the in-phase relationship between the streamflow and precipitation at intra-annual and annual time scales were well-captured using wavelet coherence analysis compared to cross wavelet transform. Furthermore, our analysis also revealed that streamflow observed an in-phase relationship with IOD and NAO, whereas there was a lag correlation with Niño 3.4 and PDO indices at intra-annual, annual and interannual time scales.
Bayesian model averaging of the RegCM temperature projections: a Canadian case study
Authors: Song Tangnyu , Huang Guohe , Wang Guoqing , Li Yongping , Wang Xiuquan , Lu Chen , Shen Zhenyao
Published: October 2021

The choices of physical schemes coupled in the Regional Climate Model version 4 (RegCM4), the input general circulation model (GCM) results, and the emission scenarios may cause considerable uncertainties in future temperature projections. Therefore, the ensemble approach, which can be used to reflect these uncertainties, is highly desired. In this study, the probabilistic projections for future temperature are generated at 88 Canadian climate stations based on the developed RegCM4 ensemble and obtained Bayesian model averaging (BMA) weights. The BMA weights indicate that the RegCM4 coupled with the holtslag PBL scheme driven by the HadGEM can provide relatively reliable temperature projections at most climate stations. It is also suggested that the BMA approach is effective in simulating temperature over middle and eastern Canada through taking advantage of each ensemble member. However, the effectiveness of the BMA method is limited when all the models in the ensemble cannot simulate the temperature robustly. The projected results demonstrate that the temperature will increase continuously in the future, while the temperature increase under RCP8.5 will be significantly larger than that under RCP4.5.
Addition of chitosan improves the efficiency of total phosphorus removal from wastewater using the D-A2O reactor and metagenomic analysis
Authors: Jing Zhao , Ming Li , Qin Liu , Zhiming Zhou , Changbing Ye
Published: October 2021

Microbial phosphate removal from wastewater sewage is a promising and feasible technique that increases the ability of a sewage treatment system to remove phosphate from wastewater. Maintaining a healthy population of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is the key premise of biological sewage treatment. Chitosan is used to remove dissolved phosphorus from the water column during wastewater treatment. The present study found that chitosan has another function in phosphorus removal, affecting the diversity and community composition of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. We obtained 16S rRNA genetic data by using a shotgun metagenomic sequencing method. Data indicated that phosphate-solubilizing Pseudomonadaceae was the dominant bacteria population, after adding chitosan to the dynamic water treatment process. In chitosan-enhanced treatments, populations were 35.11% larger than the control group. Chitosan addition also caused some increases in the population sizes of Rhodocyclaceae, Bacillaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae, but the addition of chitosan had little effect on Hyphomicrobiaceae and Sphingomonadaceae in the activated sludge. Moreover, the Chao1 estimator, the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE), and Shannon index all indicated a very high diversity of bacteria when chitosan was added. Finally, we determined that chitosan increased the activity of the enzymes phytase, dehydrogenase, and phosphatase, which enhance the degradation rate of phosphorus in the activated sludge of a D-A2O system. We suggest that chitosan plays an important role in dissolving organophosphorus during sewage treatment.
Inequality of virtual water consumption and economic benefits embodied in trade: a case study of the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: An Qi , Wu Sanmang , Li Li , Li Shantong
Published: October 2021

The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is facing a serious water shortage. How to effectively alleviate the water crisis and achieve sustainable development in the YRB has become a widespread concern. By using the interregional input–output tables of China in 2002, 2007, 2012 and 2017, we analysed the transfer of virtual water and value-added and the inequality embodied in trade between the YRB and other regions. Results demonstrated that: (1) for the YRB, the pressure on water resources was alleviated through the net inflow of virtual water after 2007. However, the economic situation deteriorated due to the net outflow of value-added in interregional trade after 2012. (2) There existed a serious inequality in virtual water consumption and economic benefits embodied in trade between the YRB and Beijing, Shanghai, etc., with regional inequality (RI) index exceeding 1. Meanwhile, agriculture faced the most serious inequality among all sectors in the YRB. Accordingly, the YRB should aim to optimise its industrial structure and improve water use efficiency to achieve a win-win situation for both economic development and net virtual water inflow. In addition, policymakers should take measures to flexibly adjust the trade scale between the YRB and other regions based on the RI index.
TAXIS AND INTERCATEGORICAL INCLUSION
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2021

The issue of research interest is the question of intercategorical interaction of the functional-semantic category of taxis and “distant” functional-semantic categories of conditionality, causality, concessivity, consecutiveness, instrumentality and finality. The poly-categorical semantic complexes distinguished in functional grammar can be constituted as “close” and “non-close” or “far from each other” functional-semantic categories that have a field structure. The above-mentioned functional-semantic categories or fields are in relation to intercategory inclusion. The phenomenon of intercategorical inclusion is an integrating factor in the constitution of poly-categorical taxis semantic syncret subcomplexes that actualize secondary-taxis categorical situations of simultaneity in statements with monotaxis and polytaxis prepositions of instrumental, causal, concessive, consecutive, conditional and final semantics. Due to the intercategorical inclusion of the taxis category with "non-close" functional-semantic categories or fields with an adverbial-predicative core, we distinguish such semantic syncret-subcomplexes of simultaneity as: (1) instrumental-taxis; (2) causal taxis; (3) conditional taxis; (3) concessive taxis; (4) consecutive taxis; (5) final taxis. The phenomenon of intercategorical inclusion determines the actualization of various secondary-taxis categorical situations of simultaneity (instrumental-taxis, causal-taxis, concessive-taxis, concessive-taxis, final-taxis), including interconnected polycategorical-taxis situations in semantic representing the above-mentioned taxis semantic syncret subcomplexes.
FEATURES OF INTERSEMIOTIC TEXT TRANSLATION: CHANGING THE VERBAL CODE TO THE MUSICAL ONE
Authors:   Altai State University, VICTORIA N. KARPUKHINA , OLESIA E. NIKOLAEVA ,   Altai State University
Published: October 2021

This article deals with the features of intersemiotic translation from verbal language into musical language. Authors’ attention is paid to the difference between verbal and non-verbal semiotic systems in the aspect of coding and transmission of information. The aim of the work is to provide the ability to translate any meaning into the language of music, as well as its adaptation. The work uses textual and comparative methods. The authors selectively compare the terms of linguistics and musicology, analyze the formal characteristics of works and the characteristic features of verbal and non-verbal semiotic systems. The features of the behavior of musical and literary texts are considered in the article. The absence of fixed nominations in the musical language leads to the ambiguous interpretation of the text.
ETHNOLECT OF GERMAN AND ITS VARIANTS
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, NATALIA I. MOKROVA , INNA V. SENINA ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: October 2021

The object of consideration in the paper are innovative styles of communication within and across national, ethnic and social groups. The active exploring of this language phenomenon is particularly important for German and Turkish, two languages that have been in close contact in the quarters of large cities of Germany where migrants of several generation are concentrated for more than 40 years. Nowadays, this style of speech has gone beyond the urban areas and has turned into a new way of speaking used by young native German people. The authors investigate social conditions of the formation, as well as the peculiarities of this social-group dialect (sociolect). Particular attention is paid to the specific character and homogeneity of its morphosyntactic, phonetic and lexical structures. The label ethnolect is indifferent to the ethnicity of its purported speakers, but primarily indexes their difference, i.e. heteroethnic relation to the imagined majority group. Media shows contribute to its development into a kind of secondary and further into a tertiary version of the language. The certain German-Turkish language hybrid is used consciously and intentionally. This new code is created as a metalinguistic symbol of identity and is used to designate some media characters.
PECULIARITIES OF VERBALIZATION OF THE GENDER COMPONENT IN THE TEXTS OF FRENCH INTERNET ADVERTISING FOCUSED ON A WOMEN AUDIENCE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ADVERTISING OF PERFUMERY AND COSMETICS)
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, IRINA A. FRENKEL , NIKITA YU. DERYABIN ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of the means of verbalization of the gender component in the French online advertising of cosmetic products for women. The research is carried out at the lexico-semantic level and aims to identify the linguistic means of manipulating the public consciousness characteristic of this type of discourse and the specifics of the female image formed and transmitted by advertising.
LEXICO-SEMANTIC AND STYLISTIC IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VALUES IN ADMINISTRATIVE DISCOURSE
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, ELENA V. YANKINA
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to identifying and describing the main lexical-semantic and stylistic ways of implementing the values in dialogical communication of the basic pair "manager-subordinate". The paper describes the fundamental categories of axiology "value" and "evaluation", also shows the relationship between values and evaluation. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the anthropocentric approach of modern linguistic research, as well as by the existing need to supplement with one more descriptive fragment of the world value picture with the linguistic analysis of the actualized values in administrative discourse. The identification of the main lexical-semantic and stylistic ways of implementing values is carried out on the basis of dialogical communication between the manager and subordinates, examples of which are taken from the colloquial speech, as well as Russian fiction of the second half of the 20th century. In the study the author concludes that in the administrative discourse, values as well as anti-values (as opposition) are lexically actualized by means of certain nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, and also adverbs. As for the stylistic ways of actualizing values, we include interrogative, exclamatory sentences, anaphora, and imperative among them.
LINGUISTIC REPRESENTATION OF CONFESSIONAL AND CULTURAL VALUES AS A MECHANISM FOR PRESERVING ETHNOCULTURAL AND SPIRITUAL IDENTITY
Authors:   Kuban State University, LYUDMILA YU. BUYANOVA , ERA M. GUKASOVA ,   Kuban State University
Published: October 2021

The features of linguistic conceptualization and representation of traditional confessional and cultural values in the linguocultural space of various societies are analyzed from ethnocultural, cognitive, socio-mental and linguo-confessional positions; identifies and characterizes constant and newest transformations and modifications of the denotative-semantic content of the most important concepts in the Russian and European mentality in the modern conditions of globalization. The theoretical significance lies in the presentation of a sharp socio-cultural "gap" in the definition of some confessional-conditioned phenomena in the Russian and Western cultural-historical traditions; in the representation of the mental and semantic transformation of some confessional value concepts in the Western linguocultural space while preserving, at the same time, the inviolability of the most important categorical and semantic features of the nominations of traditional axiological dominants in Russian culture as the foundations of the life of Russian society and Russian statehood as a whole. It is concluded that the linguistic representation of confessional-conditioned cultural values and their consolidation in the confessional memory of generations is a special mechanism for preserving the ethnocultural and spiritual identity of the people. It is shown that the so-called. “Cultural” globalization as an extralinguistic factor is currently in Western societies a process of gradual destruction of national, traditional and confessional values, which results in a significant change in semantics, denotative image and semantic code in the interpretation of some linguistic phenomena that represent the national axiological fund. The practical value of the presented material and observations lies in the possibility of its application in the practice of teaching university courses in language theory, ethnolinguistics, sociolinguistics, cultural linguistics, linguoconfessionology and intercultural communication.
THE LANGUAGE PERSONALITY OF THE UNIVERSITY RECTOR
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, TATYANA S. ZHIGULINA
Published: October 2021

This article presents the main approaches to the study of the linguistic personality, considers the speech model of the communicant's behavior, which includes the communicative priorities of the linguistic personality, since the individual's belonging to the linguocultural community determines his communicative behavior.
GENRE DESCRIPTION OF THE WORK A.P. VALUEVA-MUNT’S «ON THE GREAT RUSSIAN RIVER»
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, IRINA N. KAIGORODOVA , MARINA V. BEZZUBIKOVA ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

The subject of the article is the text of A.P. Valueva-Mount’s «Along the Great Russian River». The study is based on the analysis of genres that became widespread in publicistic and popular science speech in the 19th century, identifying their dominant features. The analyzed text is the result of interaction in the literary process of non-artistic genres - essay and guidebook. An attempt is made to substantiate the appeal of the writer to genres-prototypes, conditioned by the communicative intention of the author and the orientation towards the addressee - a teenage reader.
GAYTO GAZDANOV'S EXPERIMENTATION IN THE STORIES OF THE 20-YEARS
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, ELENA V. KUZNETSOVA
Published: October 2021

The poetics of the debut stories of Gazdanov is very different from the poetics of the stories of subsequent periods of his work. These differences are especially evident in composition, plot, style and bear the imprint of innovation for literature of the first half of the XX century. An analysis of the debut stories of Gazdanov allowed us to note that they are already visible elements of the aesthetics of modernism (later, postmodernism): the rejection of the traditional composition, intrigue, plot; parody, game, self-irony, etc.
THE CONCEPT OF TRADITIONALISM IN THE CONTEXT OF HISTORICAL POETICS AND MODERN THEORY OF LITERATURE
Authors:   Orthodox St. Tikhon State University, OLEG N. SKLYAROV , OLGA E. MOLDAVSKAYA ,   Orthodox St. Tikhon State University
Published: October 2021

This article examines the history of the transformation of the term "traditionalism" in literary criticism. The goal is to comprehend and theoretically substantiate the concept of "traditionalism" in the light of general questions of philosophy and the axiology of creativity; in particular, to investigate the invariant content of traditional creative consciousness (in the interconnection of its ontological and poetological aspects) and the prerequisites for its historical variability.
FUNCTIONAL AND SEMANTIC RELEVENCE OF COMPARISON IN A.P. CHEKHOV’S «AN EMPTY INCIDENT»
Authors:   Kuban State University, VICTOR V. CHALY
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates lexical and semantic paradigm of the prose text, analyzes the syntactical constructions containing structural component with comparative meaning.
GENRE CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTOBIOGRAPHIC POEM BY B. SHAKHOVSKY "SCORN YOUTH"
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, ANNA A. BOROVSKAYA , DMITRIY M. BYCHKOV ,   Astrakhan State University, LUBOV V. SPESIVTSEVA ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

The article examines B. Shakhovsky's “Scorched Youth” from the point of view of the problem of genre identification. According to the observations of the authors of the study, the work of the Astrakhan artist of the word is an autobiographical poem, in the center of which is a lyrical hero, pulling together all the paradigms of the text. It is concluded that B. Shakhovsky's poem is an organic unity of the lyrical and the epic. The article defines the mechanisms of plot building and compositional organization of the text. The authors of the article argue that the autobiography of the lyric-epic work of the Astrakhan poet is combined with a monumental epoch-making: the life of the lyrical character repeats the history of the fate of the front-line generation.
GENERAL LANDSCAPE STUDIES AND GEOECOLOGY, GEOLOGY, HYDROGEOLOGY AND GEOLOGY OF OIL AND GAS AT ASTRAKHAN STATE UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, ALEXANDER N. BARMIN , MIKHAIL V. VALOV ,   Astrakhan State University, OLEG I. SEREBRYAKOV ,   Astrakhan State University, DANIIL YU. BELYAEV ,   Astrakhan State University, KIRILL V. DEDOV ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the work is a historical review of the development of Earth Sciences at Astrakhan State University (ASU), key research issues in the field of landscape science, geoecology, geology, hydrogeology and oil and gas geology, as well as the consideration of scientific research of candidates and doctors of sciences who have contributed to the development of natural sciences at ASU. Methods. The paper uses: the method of complex scientific analysis, comparative analysis, statistical method, study and application of available literary and scientific materials. Results. The directions of the Earth Sciences, the study of which continues at the present time, are described. Scientific work on the study of various aspects of geology, exploration and development of natural minerals, hydrogeology and geology of oil and gas, landscape studies, urban studies, remote sensing of the earth, technosphere safety and hydrology at Astrakhan State University is active and diverse. Conclusions. New knowledge and discoveries are obtained based on the achieved results and traditions of the university, but at the same timewith the use of the latest technologies and equipment, which allows you to more fully explore many features of the region, especially valuable for improving the efficiency of the scientific industry.
HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF THE OSENNOYE FIELD
Authors:   Orenburg State University, INNA V. KUDELINA , TATYANA V. LEONTEVA ,   Orenburg State University
Published: October 2021

The Osennoye field is located in the Dombarovsky district of the eastern Orenburg region. The territory under study is characterized by a sharp shortage of drinking and industrial water. This hinders the social and economic development of the territory. In complex natural and man-made conditions, the formation of surface and underground waters occurs on the area of the deposit. The purpose of the work is to analyze the hydrogeological situation of the territory in connection with the natural and man-made transformation of surface and underground waters of the studied territory. Research methods include zoning and mapping, routine monitoring of the quality of natural waters, and sources of pollution. As a result of the study, it was found that the surface and underground waters in the area of the deposit have a variegated chemical composition, depending on both natural and anthropogenic factors, this should be taken into account when planning the development of the productive forces of the territory. To improve the situation, it is necessary to introduce new technologies related to the replenishment of reserves at underground water intakes.
GEOECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF UNDERGROUND WATER POLLUTION IN THE AREA OF OIL PRODUCTION AND OIL REFINING INDUSTRY
Authors:   Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Tatarstan, ARTUR M. SHAKIRZYANOV
Published: October 2021

Relevance of the work: Currently, the oil production and refining industry has a huge impact on underground water. The negative impact of petroleum products on the environment, including the pollution of underground water, is quite relevant not only around the world, but also specifically in our region. The purpose of the work: to reveal the influence of the oil-producing and oil-refining industries on underground water, to reveal the sources of pollution, pollutants in the areas of the oil-producing and oil-refining industries, as well as the conditions for the protection of underground water. Method of work: analysis of literary sources, scientific research. The results of the work and the scope of their application: Groundwater pollution is local or regional in nature, it occurs under the influence of man-made and natural processes. It is established that the flow of petroleum products and oil into underground waters is possible due to the leakage of raw materials at the stage of preparation for transportation and transportation of petroleum products, at the stage of operation and drilling of wells, etc., and the most dangerous pollutants are ground water pollution. The danger of contamination of underground waters with oil and petroleum products is dangerous because in this regard, various bacteria develop in underground waters that can cause various mutations, diseases; underground water is a strategic reserve of drinking water; it is almost impossible to clean underground water when oil wells break through; self-purification of underground water occurs for a long time. To reduce the negative impact, it is necessary to carefully monitor the performance of equipment, adhere to certain standards at oil production and oil refining enterprises.
CURRENT STATE OF THE DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN THE AREAS OF LAND FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, ALEXANDER V. SINTSOV , ALEXANDER N. BARMIN ,   Astrakhan State University, OKSANA YU. MAKSIMOVA ,   Astrakhan State University, IRINA V. KLACHKOVA ,   Astrakhan State University, IVAN O. PERKHUN ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

Land resources are one of the most important resources in the environmental management system. This resource is necessary for almost all types of human activity: agriculture, construction, industry, mining, recreation, etc. According to the intended purpose in the Land Code of the Russian Federation, lands are divided into seven categories, differing from each other in the economic and legal regime of use. One of these categories is agricultural land. This category of land includes territories necessary for obtaining agricultural products or other purposes related to agriculture, as well as they are geographically distributed outside settlements. Lands of this category of designated purpose are characterized by a high level of anthropogenic impact (agro-preparatory processing of the territory, obtaining agricultural products, placement and grazing of livestock), which significantly affects the indicators of natural biodiversity downward. In order to study the state of land resources in the South of Russia, an analysis was made of the dynamics of changes in the area of agricultural land in the regions that are part of the Southern Federal District. The relevance of the work lies in the study of the current state of agricultural land in the South of Russia. The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of changes in the area of agricultural land in the period from 2009 to 2019. Statistical and analytical methods of geographical research were involved in the work, information was searched for on the state of lands of this category of lands in a certain period of time. In the course of the work, information was collected on the state of agricultural land in each of the regions that are part of the Southern Federal District and the features of changes in the area of land of this category were determined.
GEOECOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOTOURISM AND THE RECREATIONAL POTENTIAL OF NATIONAL PARKS IN TURKEY
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, ANASTASIA M. KUZICHKINA , SERGEY S. YUYUKOV ,   Astrakhan State University, MARINA S. BEZUGLOVA ,   Astrakhan State University, ANNA N. DIAKONOVA ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

Geoecology refers to the interdisciplinary areas of tourism that cover the largest audience. Each subject has its own geoecological features, which make it possible to form various types of tourism. As a bridge between Europe and Asia, Turkey contains many geoecological factors that contribute to the development of tourism and has much to offer visitors. The country is rich in mountain ranges and valleys, lakes, rivers, waterfalls and caves, ideal for winter and summer tourism. In addition, Turkey has many hot springs, healing waters and mud baths, which are recommended as a remedy for many diseases. Due to this, Turkey is considered one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. The study of geoecological factors of the development of recreation in the territory of the national parks of Turkey makes it possible to reveal the tourist and recreational potential of the studied territory. In this regard, the purpose of the work is to analyze the geoecological features of the national parks of Turkey. The paper uses comparative and descriptive methods of analyzing the scientific literature on the problems of research, as well as the method of determining the main geoecological factors of tourism development within the study areas. In the course of the expedition trips, the material was collected to analyze the current recreational and tourist development of the territory. The use of cartographic methods of analysis, as well as the analysis of expedition materials, allowed us to describe in sufficient detail the main geoecological features of the territory, which allow us to develop various types of recreation and tourism. On the territory of the Turkish national parks, quite diverse and unique geoecological conditions have developed, which allow for the development of a wide range of types of tourism and recreation. Taking into account the already developed tourist infrastructure, more attention should be paid to the protection of the natural environment and the development of eco-friendly forms of tourism.
Digital Platforms in China and Europe: Legal Challenges
Authors: Kharitonova Yu. , Sannikova L.
Published: October 2021

The paper considers the processes of platformatization of the economy and public government, which have become the last decade’s primary trend. Analysis of the digital markets in Russia, China, and Europe proved the dominance of the digital platforms of large technology companies. According to the authors, the concentration of market power in digital platforms threatens a competitive environment in digital markets. In this regard, the demand for antitrust regulation of their activities is justiﬁed. Another legal challenge arises concerning the trend of creating public services on the digital platforms of large technology companies. The paper analyzes China’s experience in the platformatization of legal proceedings, where the process of establishing online courts is conducted in close cooperation with the leading digital platforms of the PRC. In contrast to China, in Russia, the main focus is on combining public services, and information systems of various departments within a single platform to provide public services, with large technology companies acting as operators. Therefore, the authors conclude that it is necessary to strengthen legal mechanisms to protect citizens’ rights and interests during the digitization of public services – primarily citizens’ rights to data protection. The problems revealed demonstrate the necessity of a balanced approach to the legal regulation of digital platforms. While it is important to stimulate their development, it is necessary to limit the opportunities for violating the rights and interests of other participants in the digital environment.