bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction of omega-3 fatty acid deficiency and improvement in disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with krill oil concentrate: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Salmon Jane , Wallace Daniel J , Rus Violeta , Cox Addison , Dykas Claire , Williams Brooke , Ding Yunpeng , Hals Petter-Arnt , Johnsen Line , Lipsky Peter E
Published: July 2024

Objective

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a critical role in regulating inflammation and lipid metabolism. This study sought to ascertain the frequency of omega-3 deficiency in patients with SLE and investigate whether supplementation with krill oil concentrate (KOC) could replenish omega-3 levels and decrease SLE disease activity.

Methods

A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in adult patients with active SLE. Eligible patients were randomised to receive 4 g/day KOC or placebo (vegetable oil mixture) for the first 24 weeks, and thereafter patients could opt to enter an open-label extension. The primary end point was improvement of the red blood cell Omega-3 Index from baseline to week 24. Changes in clinical features, including SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) disease activity scores, were also monitored.

Results

Seventy-eight patients met eligibility criteria and were randomised to a treatment group (n=39 per group). The baseline Omega-3 Index in the total SLE cohort was a mean 4.43% (±SD 1.04%). After 4 weeks of KOC treatment, the Omega-3 Index rapidly increased to 7.17%±1.48% (n=38) and after 24 weeks to 8.05%±1.79% (n=25) (each p<0.001 vs baseline), whereas no significant change from baseline was noted in patients receiving placebo. Increases in the Omega-3 Index in KOC-treated patients persisted through week 48. After patients switched from placebo to KOC at 24 weeks, the mean Omega-3 Index showed a rapid and significant increase (from 4.63%±1.39% at week 24 (n=26) to 7.50%±1.75% at week 48 (n=12); p<0.001). Although there were no changes in disease activity in the study population overall, SLEDAI-2K scores decreased significantly in the KOC group during the 24-week randomised period among those who had high disease activity at baseline (SLEDAI-2K ≥9) (p=0.04, p=0.02 and p=0.01 vs placebo at 4, 8 and 16 weeks, respectively; n=9 per group). KOC was well-tolerated, with no significant safety concerns.

Conclusion

KOC corrected omega-3 deficiency in patients with SLE. Supplementation with KOC was safe and decreased disease activity in those with more active disease. These findings warrant further evaluation of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation with KOC in the management of SLE.

Trial registration number

NCT03626311.
Assessment of moss-associated biological nitrogen fixation of dominant moss species in mature black spruce forests in Eastern Canada
Authors: Darnajoux Romain , Blasi Charlotte , Monier Pauline Le , Bellenger Jean-Philippe
Published: July 2024

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by bryophytes is an essential source of new nitrogen in nitrogen-limited boreal ecosystems. This assessment is, however, primarily based on reports from northern Europe and, to a lesser extent, Western North America. A more systematic and extensive evaluation of nitrogen fixation by moss is required to close current gaps in records of moss BNF and better assess the importance of bryophytes on N input in boreal ecosystems. Here, we evaluated nitrogen fixation activity and contribution to N input of dominant bryophyte species in black spruce forests from Eastern Canada. We assessed the relative abundance, BNF activity, and relative contribution to nitrogen input on five sites along a 600 km transect. We report that several moss species contribute to nitrogen input but that Ptilium crista-castrensis is the main contributor. Estimated nitrogen input by mosses (≪ 1 kg·ha−1·year−1) is in the low range of N inputs reported in the literature and is consistent with activities reported elsewhere for similar species, N deposition, and forest age. Results show that atmospheric deposition, while low, remains a more significant source of exogenous N to mature black spruce forests than bryophytes.
Novel design and motion analysis of an omni-tread snake-like robot for narrow space inspection
Authors: Yu Suyang , Tian Haifeng , Ye Changlong , Peng Jingxin
Published: July 2024

Snake-like robots have a slender body and strong environmental adaptability. This paper aims to propose an omni-tread snake-like robot that can adapt to the needs of specific narrow space exploration missions and provide a basis for design work through necessary motion analysis. The robot adopts the form of three modules in series, and the modules are connected through differential driving joints, which increases the joint torque of the robot. The nested omni-tread structure improves the robot's motion efficiency and environmental adaptability. This paper conducts configuration and motion analysis of the robot. The simulation is performed using the optimization solution method to obtain the joint torque and walking torque of the robot, which guides the design of the robot. The experiment is also conducted with the developed prototype to verify the robot's performance. From the simulation results, the joint torque and walking torque are obtained, and the motors are selected. The motion performance and field applicability of the robot are verified through experiment tests. The experiment results further verify the robot design and analysis work. The structural design of robots and optimization solution method in this paper has certain reference values for other researchers.
High-precision measurement of the atomic mass of $$^{84}\hbox {Sr}$$ and implications to isotope shift studies
Authors: Ge Zhuang , Bai Shiwei , Eronen Tommi , Jokinen Ari , Kankainen Anu , Kujanpää Sonja , Moore Iain , Nesterenko Dmitrii , Reponen Mikael
Published: July 2024

The absolute mass of $$^{84}\hbox {Sr}$$

84

Sr

was determined using the phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance technique with the JYFLTRAP double Penning trap mass spectrometer. A more precise value for the mass of $$^{84}\hbox {Sr}$$

84

Sr

is essential for providing potential indications of physics beyond the Standard Model through high-precision isotope shift measurements of Sr atomic transition frequencies. The mass excess of $$^{84}\hbox {Sr}$$

84

Sr

was refined to be $$-80649.229(37) keV/\hbox {c}^2$$

-
80649.229

(
37
)

k
e
V
/

c
2

from high-precision cyclotron-frequency-ratio measurements with a relative precision of $$4.8\times 10^{-10}$$

4.8
×

10

-
10

. The obtained mass-excess value is in agreement with the adopted value in the Atomic Mass Evaluation 2020, but is 30 times more precise. With this new value, we confirm the previously observed nonlinearity in the study of the isotope shift of strontium. Moreover, the double-beta ($$2\beta ^{+}$$

2

β
+

) decay Q value of $$^{84}\hbox {Sr}$$

84

Sr

was directly determined to be 1790.115(37) keV, and the precision was improved by a factor of 30.
$$\kappa $$-Dirac stars
Authors: Sun Shi-Xian , Cui Si-Yuan , Huang Long-Xing , Fang Tie-Feng , Wang Yong-Qiang
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we construct a Dirac star model composed of $$|\kappa |$$

|
κ
|

pairs of spinor fields. The azimuthal harmonic indices m of these spinor fields are half-integers, and they satisfy $$-(|\kappa |-\frac{1}{2})\le m \le |\kappa |-\frac{1}{2}$$

-

(
|
κ
|

-

1
2

)
≤
m
≤
|
κ
|
-

1
2

. When $$\kappa =1$$

κ
=
1

, it corresponds to the conventional Dirac star model, formed by two spinor fields with $$m=\frac{1}{2}$$

m
=

1
2

and $$m=-\frac{1}{2}$$

m
=
-

1
2

. When $$|\kappa |>1$$

|
κ
|
>
1

, among these $$|\kappa |$$

|
κ
|

pairs of spinor fields, there exist spinor fields with azimuthal harmonic indices $$m>\frac{1}{2}$$

m
>

1
2

, and all spinor fields still conform to the same Dirac field equation. Different families of solutions are distinguished by the value of $$\kappa $$
κ
, so we named these solutions $$\kappa $$
κ
-Dirac stars. We obtain solutions for $$\kappa =\pm 1,\pm 2,\pm 3,\pm 4,\pm 5,\pm 6$$

κ
=
±
1
,
±
2
,
±
3
,
±
4
,
±
5
,
±
6

by using numerical methods. Additionally, we compute their ADM mass M, Noether charge Q, and binding energy E, and illustrate how these quantities change with the spinor field’s frequency $$\omega $$
ω
for different $$\kappa $$
κ
. We observe significant differences between solutions for $$|\kappa |>1$$

|
κ
|
>
1

and the $$|\kappa |=1$$

|
κ
|
=
1

case. Furthermore, we provide the energy density distribution of the Dirac stars, wherein for $$|\kappa |>1$$

|
κ
|
>
1

scenarios, the Dirac stars exhibit a spherical shell-like structure. Moreover, we employ three-dimensional diagrams to intuitively depict how $$\kappa $$
κ
influences the combination of spinor fields to form a spherically symmetric configuration.
Tangle contact homology
Authors: Asplund Johan
Published: July 2024

Knot contact homology is an ambient isotopy invariant of knots and links in [Formula: see text]. The purpose of this paper is to extend this definition to an ambient isotopy invariant of tangles and prove that gluing of tangles gives a gluing formula for knot contact homology. As a consequence of the gluing formula we obtain that the tangle contact homology detects triviality of tangles.
Effect of inclined magnetic field and chemical reaction on Casson fluid flow over a stretching surface with Cattaneo–Christov double diffusion
Authors: Kosar Shahzana , Sagheer Muhammad , Hussain Shafqat
Published: July 2024

This investigation discusses the significance of studying the behavior of non-Newtonian fluids, specifically the Casson fluid, subjected to an electrically conducting and stretching sheet. The study also explores the effects of an aligned magnetic field, Cattaneo–Christov double diffusion, viscous dissipation and chemical reactions on heat and mass transfer, respectively. The partial differential equations governing the flow problem are transformed into ordinary differential equations through the utilization of similarity transformations. Furthermore, the shooting technique is implemented in MATLAB to solve the ODEs. The influence of physical parameters, such as the magnetic field parameter, Eckert number, Prandtl number and chemical reaction parameter, on the velocity profile, temperature distribution, concentration profile, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number is studied and presented in graphical and tabular forms. It is found that increasing the Prandtl number causes a drop in the temperature profile. Moreover, the presence of thermal radiation and the Eckert number significantly amplifies the temperature distribution. When the magnetic number undergoes a substantial increase, there is a notable decrease in the velocity profile, and simultaneously, the temperature profile experiences a noticeable rise. Additionally, increase in the chemical reaction parameters leads to a decrease in the concentration profile. The skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number exhibit significant reductions as the Casson parameter increases. Additionally, a MATLAB built-in function named bvp4c is incorporated to verify the computed results. The practical implications of the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model include microelectronics, microfluidic devices, processes involving rapid heating or cooling, such as laser welding or pulsed laser ablation and heat transfer in biological tissues.
Library Similar Literature Screening System Research Based on LDA Topic Model
Authors: Gao Liang , Cui Fang , Zhang Chengbo
Published: July 2024

Science and technology are highly inheritable undertakings, and any scientific and technological worker can make good progress without the experience and achievements of predecessors or others. In the face of an ever-expanding pool of literature, the ability to efficiently and accurately search for similar works is a major challenge in current research. This paper uses Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model to construct feature vectors for the title and abstract, and the bag-of-words model to construct feature vectors for publication type. The similarity between the feature vectors is measured by calculating the cosine values. The experiment demonstrated that the precision, recall and WSS95 scores of the algorithm proposed in the study were 90.55%, 98.74% and 52.45% under the literature title element, and 91.78%, 99.58% and 62.47% under the literature abstract element, respectively. Under the literature publication type element, the precision, recall and WSS95 scores of the proposed algorithm were 90.77%, 98.05% and 40.14%, respectively. Under the combination of literature title, abstract and publication type elements, the WSS95 score of the proposed algorithm was 79.03%. In summary, the study proposes a robust performance of the literature screening (LS) algorithm based on the LDA topic model, and a similar LS system designed on this basis can effectively improve the efficiency of LS.
Adjuvant Treatment with Celecoxib after Collagenase Injection for Dupuytren Contracture: A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: VAN NUFFEL Maarten , REYNIERS Pieter , WARLOP Jaak , DE SMET Luc , DEGREEF Ilse
Published: July 2024

Background: In patients with a high recurrence risk after treatment for Dupuytren contracture (DC) by Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH), adjuvant medical therapy may improve the outcome. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been used in the treatment of similar fibroproliferative processes. The aim of this study was to investigate if adjuvant anti-inflammatory medication could improve the outcome of CCH treatment for DC.

Methods: In a prospective double blinded randomised trial, the effect of adjuvant peroral celecoxib on the outcome of DC treated with CCH was investigated in 32 patients with a high fibrosis diathesis. Primary outcome was the increase in Total Passive Extension Deficit (TPED)/ray. Secondary outcomes were the TPED of the individual finger joints, Tubiana index, Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand score (DASH) and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and satisfaction.

Results: A significantly greater improvement in the celecoxib group for TPED and metacarpophalangeal contracture was found. For the proximal interphalangeal joint, the effect was much less pronounced. The VAS for pain and satisfaction were better at 6 and 12 weeks in the celecoxib group. The other outcome parameters did not significantly differ between both groups.

Conclusions: Adjuvant peroral administration of celecoxib might improve the gain in TPED after treatment with CCH in patients with DC and a high fibrosis diathesis, with a beneficial effect up to 24 months.

Level of Evidence: Level II (Therapeutic)
Classification of Hamate Fractures: An Analysis of 247 Patients with Hamate Fractures
Authors: XIONG Ge , ZHENG Wei
Published: July 2024

Background: We devised a new classification of hamate fractures named the TOUCH classification. Each letter of this acronym depicts a fracture type – Type I (Transverse fracture), Type II (Open and/or complex fracture), Type III (Ulnar/medial tuberosity fracture), Type IV (Coronal fracture) and Type V (Hook fracture). Each fracture type was further divided into two or three subtypes (a, b, and/or c) based on degree of severity. The aim of this study is to classify the hamate fractures treated at our centre using this classification.

Methods: A retrospective review of all patients with hamate fractures treated at our hospital between 2003 and 2022 was done. Patient data with regard to age, gender, mechanism of injury, injured limb and any associated injuries was collected. Hamate fractures were classified based on the TOUCH classification.

Results: A total of 247 patients with hamate fractures were included. Patients in the age group of 20–40 years accounted for 73.6% of all fractures. Female patients accounted for only 6.9% of all fractures and 76.5% of women with hamate fractures were older than 40 years. The incidence of hamate fracture tended to increase with age in women. The most common mechanism of injury was a fall (69 patients). The injury involved the right upper limb in 195 patients. And 164 patients had associated injuries in the same upper limb. Type III (coronal fracture of the hamate body) accounted for 57.4%, followed by type V (hook of hamate fracture) in 26.7% of patients.

Conclusions: The TOUCH classification could cover all kinds of hamate fractures. It is easy to remember and may guide surgeons in considering treatment options.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Diagnostic)
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Tendon Transfer for Thumb and Finger Flexion Reconstruction after Failed Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Motor Branch Transfer in a Tetraplegic Patient
Authors: BERTELLI Jayme A. , CROWE Christopher S.
Published: July 2024

Distal nerve transfers can restore precise motor control in tetraplegic patients. When nerve transfers are not successful, tendon transfers may be used for subsequent reconstruction. In this case, an extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) tendon transfer was used to restore thumb and finger flexion following an unsuccessful ECRB to anterior interosseous nerve transfer in a young tetraplegic patient. Twelve months following tendon transfer, the patient demonstrated functional grip and pinch strength and was using both hands for daily activities.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
SikuGPT: A Generative Pre-trained Model for Intelligent Information Processing of Ancient Texts from the Perspective of Digital Humanities
Authors: Liu Chang , Wang Dongbo , Zhao Zhixiao , Hu Die , Wu Mengcheng , Lin Litao , Liu Jiangfeng , Zhang Hai , Shen Si , Li Bin , Zhao Lianzhen
Published: July 2024

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence has brought significant opportunities for the advancement of digital humanities research. Intelligent processing of ancient texts, as an essential part of digital humanities, is also undergoing a transformation in research methodologies in the wave of AIGC. The integration of generative pre-trained models with Chinese ancient texts, a vital carrier of Chinese culture, allows for deep mining of the content of these texts and provides services that make ancient texts more understandable and accessible to the general public. In this research, we propose a method that combines the most renowned Chinese anthology, the “Siku Quanshu,” with generative pre-trained models. We developed the SikuGPT model, a generative model for ancient text processing tasks, based on GPT-type language models by continued pretraining. This model was tested on two typical tasks of ancient text processing: translation between classical and modern Chinese, and classification of ancient texts. The findings reveal that our model achieves advantages in understanding and generating scenarios of ancient texts. The capability of SikuGPT in processing traditional Chinese texts helps to promote the organization of ancient information and knowledge services, and advances the international dissemination of traditional Chinese culture.
EA4RCA: Efficient AIE accelerator design framework for regular Communication-Avoiding Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Wenbo , Liu Yiqi , Zang Tianhao , Bao Zhenshan
Published: July 2024

With the introduction of the Adaptive Intelligence Engine (AIE), the Versal Adaptive Compute Acceleration Platform (Versal ACAP) has garnered great attention. However, the current focus of Vitis Libraries and limited research has mainly been on how to invoke AIE modules, without delving into a thorough discussion on effectively utilizing AIE in its typical use cases. As a result, the widespread adoption of Versal ACAP has been restricted. The Communication Avoidance (CA) algorithm is considered a typical application within the AIE architecture. Nevertheless, the effective utilization of AIE in CA applications remains an area that requires further exploration. We propose a top-down customized design framework,
EA4RCA
(Efficient AIE accelerator design framework for regular Communication-Avoiding Algorithm), specifically tailored for CA algorithms with regular communication patterns, and equipped with AIE Graph Code Generator software to accelerate the AIE design process. The primary objective of this framework is to maximize the performance of AIE while incorporating high-speed data streaming services. Experiments show that for the RCA algorithm Filter2D and Matrix Multiple (MM) with lower communication requirements and the RCA algorithm FFT with higher communication requirements, the accelerators implemented by the RA4RCA framework achieve the highest throughput improvements of 22.19×, 1.05×, and 3.88× compared with the current highest performance acceleration scheme (SOTA), and the highest energy efficiency improvements of 6.11×, 1.30× and 7.00×.
Efficient Workflows for Detecting Li Depositions in Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Waldmann Thomas , Hogrefe Christin , Flügel Marius , Pivarníková Ivana , Weisenberger Christian , Delz Estefane , Bolsinger Marius , Boveleth Lioba , Paul Neelima , Kasper Michael , Feinauer Max , Schäfer Robin , Bischof Katharina , Danner Timo , Knoblauch Volker , Müller-Buschbaum Peter , Gilles Ralph , Latz Arnulf , Hölzle Markus , Wohlfahrt-Mehrens Margret
Published: July 2024

Lithium deposition on anode surfaces can lead to fast capacity degradation and decreased safety properties of Li-ion cells. To avoid the critical aging mechanism of lithium deposition, its detection is essential. We present workflows for the efficient detection of Li deposition on electrode and cell level. The workflows are based on a variety of complementary advanced physico-chemical methods which were validated against each other for both graphite and graphite/Si electrodes: Electrochemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, glow discharge-optical emission spectroscopy and neutron depth profiling, ex situ optical microscopy, in situ optical microscopy of cross-sectioned full cells, measurements in 3-electrode full cells, as well as 3D microstructurally resolved simulations. General considerations for workflows for analysis of battery cells and materials are discussed. The efficiency can be increased by parallel or serial execution of methods, stop criteria, and design of experiments planning. An important point in case of investigation of Li depositions are rest times during which Li can re-intercalate into the anode or react with electrolyte. Three workflows are presented to solve the questions on the occurrence of lithium deposition in an aged cell, the positions of lithium deposition in a cell, and operating conditions which avoid lithium depositions in a cell.
Exercise training induces mild skeletal muscle adaptations without altering disease progression in a TDP-43 mouse model
Authors: Tsitkanou Stavroula , Lindsay Angus , Abbott Gavin , Foletta Victoria , Walker Adam K. , Russell Aaron P. , Della Gatta Paul A.
Published: July 2024

This is the first study to investigate the capacity of symptomatic rNLS8 mice, which develop ALS-reminiscent TDP-43 pathology and motor dysfunction, to perform exercise training. We demonstrate that despite the ALS-reminiscent aggressive disease progression characterizing the rNLS8 mouse model, rNLS8 mice are capable of performing mild-to-moderate endurance treadmill training for at least 3–4 wk. We demonstrate that exercise training induces several minor skeletal muscle adaptations without delaying disease progression in rNLS8 mice.
A matter of food and substrain: obesogenic diets induce differential severity of cardiac remodeling in C57Bl/6J and C57Bl/6N substrains
Authors: Cascarano Lorena , Esfahani Hrag , Michel Pierre , Bouzin Caroline , Dessy Chantal , Balligand Jean-Luc , Michel Lauriane Y. M.
Published: July 2024

Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in cardiac pathologies. Underlying mechanisms have not been thoroughly investigated, owing to the lack of reliable preclinical model of diet-induced cardiac remodeling. Our work demonstrates that genetic variants in inbred strains influence the response to metabolic stress and identifies C57Bl/6J mice as a suitable model for cardiometabolic disease in response to high-fat diet. These findings reinforce the need to carefully select the mouse strain in relation to the imposed pathophysiologic stress.
A Severe Alzheimer’s Disease Patient Improved by Intravenous Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Honda Pazili Takahiro
Published: July 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder and is the most common form of dementia. The terminal stage of AD is characterized by severe cognitive and substantial functional decline, requiring extensive assistance with daily activities. As effective therapies at this stage are not fully available, development of therapeutics that can recover any symptoms would be important to improve the quality of life. Recently, stem cell therapy has gathered a lot of attention in several neurological diseases, including AD. Here, we report an AD patient at the terminal stage whose symptoms were improved by the intravenous administration of ex vivo‐expanded bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The case is a 61‐year‐old woman with severe Alzheimer’s disease who had been admitted to the special nursing home. She could neither walk nor sit up independently. She also did neither smile nor gaze properly when talked to. Rigidity including neck motion was observed. She was on dysphagia diets. We cultured her bone‐marrow‐derived MSCs and intravenously administered 1,5 × 108 cells. After the treatment, smile loss, eye movement dysfunction, and neck immobility were improved. This is the first case report that showed the therapeutic effects of MSCs on terminal symptoms of AD.
Perspectives of Minority Ethnic Caregivers of People with Dementia Interviewed as Part of the IDEAL Programme
Authors: Victor Christina R. , van den Heuvel Eleanor , Pentecost Claire , Quinn Catherine , Charlwood Catherine , Clare Linda
Published: July 2024

Postwar migrants from the Caribbean and Indian subcontinent (Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan) to the UK are now experiencing the onset of age‐related diseases such as dementia. Our evidence base, both quantitative and qualitative, documenting the experiences of family caregivers of people with dementia is largely drawn from studies undertaken with white European, North American, and Australasian populations. Consequently, there is a need for research in the field of dementia caregiving to reflect the increasing diversity in ethnic identities of the older adult population of the UK. Using semistructured interviews, we investigated the experiences of 18 caregivers of people with dementia in Black Caribbean, Black African, and South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi) communities in England. Participants were recruited from the Join Dementia Research platform and were predominantly female intergenerational carers. We identified the following three themes: motivation to care (spending time with the care recipient and reciprocity), positive and negative consequences of caregiving (rewards and consequences), and the cultural context of caregiving (cultural norms and values supporting caregiving and negative attitudes towards dementia). Our findings develop existing literature by identifying (a) the importance of spending time with the person they care for, (b) the absence of faith as a caregiving driver, and (c) the challenge of watching the declining health of a parent. We highlight how the different motivations to care are intertwined and dynamic. This is illustrated by the linking of obligation and reciprocity in our dataset and positive and negative experiences of caregiving.
Huajuxiaoji Formula Alleviates Phenyl Sulfate‐Induced Diabetic Kidney Disease by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis
Authors: Zhang Zeng , Bi Yueping , Zhou Fengzhu , Zhang Duanchun , Xu Siyu , Zhang Xinyi , Fan Zhaohua , Yao Zheng , He Yanming
Published: July 2024

Background: One of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes is diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The Huajuxiaoji formula (HJXJ) has shown clinical efficacy for DKD; however, its regulatory mechanisms against DKD remain elusive. We investigated NLRP3 inflammasome and the mechanisms of HJXJ by which HJXJ alleviates DKD.

Methods: Phenyl sulfate (PS) was used to establish DKD models. HJXJ was administered to mice through intragastric or made into a pharmaceutical serum for the cell cultures. Biological indicator levels in mouse blood and urine were analyzed, and kidney tissues were used for HE, Masson, and PAS staining. ELISA and western blotting were used to detect inflammatory cytokines and protein levels, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and pyroptosis were evaluated using flow cytometry. Lentiviral vector‐mediated overexpression of NLRP3 was performed to determine whether NLRP3 participates in the antipyroptotic effect of HJXJ.

Results: HJXJ significantly reduced the severity of the injury and, in a dose‐dependent manner, decreased the levels of biological markers including creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urine protein, and endotoxin, as well as inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐18, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and IL‐6 in DKD mice. Treatment with HJXJ reversed the downregulation of podocin, nephrin, ZO‐1, and occludin and upregulated ROS, NLRP3, Caspase‐1 P20, and GSDMD‐N induced by PS. Moreover, the upregulation of NLRP3 expression increased the number of cells positive for pyroptosis. HJXJ suppressed pyroptosis and inflammasome activation by inhibiting NLRP3 expression.

Conclusions: Generally, HJXJ has the potential to reduce DKD injury and exerts anti‐DKD effects by inhibiting the NLRP3‐mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in vitro and in vivo.
Supplementary Table 1 from CRISPR–Cas9 Screening Identifies KRAS-Induced COX2 as a Driver of Immunotherapy Resistance in Lung Cancer
Authors: Boumelha Jesse , de Castro Andrea , Bah Nourdine , Cha Hongui , de Carné Trécesson Sophie , Rana Sareena , Tomaschko Mona , Anastasiou Panayiotis , Mugarza Edurne , Moore Christopher , Goldstone Robert , East Phil , Litchfield Kevin , Lee Se-Hoon , Molina-Arcas Miriam , Downward Julian
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Table S1. CRISPR-Cas9 screen results
Supplementary Figure 5 from CRISPR–Cas9 Screening Identifies KRAS-Induced COX2 as a Driver of Immunotherapy Resistance in Lung Cancer
Authors: Boumelha Jesse , de Castro Andrea , Bah Nourdine , Cha Hongui , de Carné Trécesson Sophie , Rana Sareena , Tomaschko Mona , Anastasiou Panayiotis , Mugarza Edurne , Moore Christopher , Goldstone Robert , East Phil , Litchfield Kevin , Lee Se-Hoon , Molina-Arcas Miriam , Downward Julian
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure 5. Flow cytometry gating strategies
Supplementary Table 2 from Metabolic Reprogramming Is an Initial Step in Pancreatic Carcinogenesis That Can Be Targeted to Inhibit Acinar-to-Ductal Metaplasia
Authors: Neuß Thorsten , Chen Min-Chun , Wirges Nils , Usluer Sinem , Oellinger Rupert , Lier Svenja , Dudek Michael , Madl Tobias , Jastroch Martin , Steiger Katja , Schmitz Werner , Einwächter Henrik , Schmid Roland M.
Published: July 2024

Characteristics of tissue donors of samples
Supplementary Figure 1 from CRISPR–Cas9 Screening Identifies KRAS-Induced COX2 as a Driver of Immunotherapy Resistance in Lung Cancer
Authors: Boumelha Jesse , de Castro Andrea , Bah Nourdine , Cha Hongui , de Carné Trécesson Sophie , Rana Sareena , Tomaschko Mona , Anastasiou Panayiotis , Mugarza Edurne , Moore Christopher , Goldstone Robert , East Phil , Litchfield Kevin , Lee Se-Hoon , Molina-Arcas Miriam , Downward Julian
Published: July 2024

In vivo screen identifies mediators of immune resistance and sensitivity
Fig. S4 from Metabolic Reprogramming Is an Initial Step in Pancreatic Carcinogenesis That Can Be Targeted to Inhibit Acinar-to-Ductal Metaplasia
Authors: Neuß Thorsten , Chen Min-Chun , Wirges Nils , Usluer Sinem , Oellinger Rupert , Lier Svenja , Dudek Michael , Madl Tobias , Jastroch Martin , Steiger Katja , Schmitz Werner , Einwächter Henrik , Schmid Roland M.
Published: July 2024

Seahorse measurements and LDH release assay
Figure 1 from CRISPR–Cas9 Screening Identifies KRAS-Induced COX2 as a Driver of Immunotherapy Resistance in Lung Cancer
Authors: Boumelha Jesse , de Castro Andrea , Bah Nourdine , Cha Hongui , de Carné Trécesson Sophie , Rana Sareena , Tomaschko Mona , Anastasiou Panayiotis , Mugarza Edurne , Moore Christopher , Goldstone Robert , East Phil , Litchfield Kevin , Lee Se-Hoon , Molina-Arcas Miriam , Downward Julian
Published: July 2024

In vivo CRISPR–Cas9 screen identifies regulators of antitumor immunity. A, Schematic of pooled CRISPR–Cas9 screen. B, sgRNAs targeting genes depleted in vitro compared with nontarget controls. The CRISPR score is defined as the average log2-fold change in abundance of sgRNA reads at day 28 (in vitro) vs. day 0 (in vitro) for each gene. C, sgRNAs targeting Cflar and Zeb1 depleted in vivo in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. D, Average log2-fold change in abundance of sgRNA reads for all genes in immunocompetent (WT) vs. Rag2−/−;Il2rg−/− mice. E and F, Enrichment of sgRNAs targeting Ifngr2 (E) and depletion of sgRNAs targeting Ptgs2 (F) in WT vs. Rag2−/−;Il2rg−/− mice. Data are represented as mean ± SEM for C, E, and F. G and H, Kaplan–Meier survival of immunocompetent or Rag2−/−;Il2rg−/− mice following orthotopic transplantation with KPAR cells and Ifngr2−/− cells (G) or Ptgs2−/− cells ( n = 5–10 per group; H). Analysis of survival curves was carried out using the log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test. ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.
Supplementary Tables from Multiplexed Imaging Mass Cytometry Analysis Characterizes the Vascular Niche in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Sussman Jonathan H. , Kim Nathalia , Kemp Samantha B. , Traum Daniel , Katsuda Takeshi , Kahn Benjamin M. , Xu Jason , Kim Il-Kyu , Eskandarian Cody , Delman Devora , Beatty Gregory L. , Kaestner Klaus H. , Simpson Amber L. , Stanger Ben Z.
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Tables S1-S3
Figure S9 from IL1R2 Blockade Alleviates Immunosuppression and Potentiates Anti-PD-1 Efficacy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xia Jie , Zhang Lixing , Peng Xilei , Tu Juchuanli , Li Siqin , He Xueyan , Li Fengkai , Qiang Jiankun , Dong Haonan , Deng Qiaodan , Liu Cuicui , Xu Jiahui , Zhang Rui , Liu Quentin , Hu Guohong , Liu Chong , Jiang Yi-Zhou , Shao Zhi-Ming , Chen Ceshi , Liu Suling
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S8
Figure S8 from IL1R2 Blockade Alleviates Immunosuppression and Potentiates Anti-PD-1 Efficacy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xia Jie , Zhang Lixing , Peng Xilei , Tu Juchuanli , Li Siqin , He Xueyan , Li Fengkai , Qiang Jiankun , Dong Haonan , Deng Qiaodan , Liu Cuicui , Xu Jiahui , Zhang Rui , Liu Quentin , Hu Guohong , Liu Chong , Jiang Yi-Zhou , Shao Zhi-Ming , Chen Ceshi , Liu Suling
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S8
Figure S6 from IL1R2 Blockade Alleviates Immunosuppression and Potentiates Anti-PD-1 Efficacy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xia Jie , Zhang Lixing , Peng Xilei , Tu Juchuanli , Li Siqin , He Xueyan , Li Fengkai , Qiang Jiankun , Dong Haonan , Deng Qiaodan , Liu Cuicui , Xu Jiahui , Zhang Rui , Liu Quentin , Hu Guohong , Liu Chong , Jiang Yi-Zhou , Shao Zhi-Ming , Chen Ceshi , Liu Suling
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S6
Table S1 from HiChIP-Based Epigenomic Footprinting Identifies a Promoter Variant of UXS1 That Confers Genetic Susceptibility to Gastroesophageal Cancer
Authors: Gnanapragasam Ansley , Kirbizakis Eftyhios , Li Anna , White Kyle H. , Mortenson Katelyn L. , Cavalcante de Moura Juliana , Jawhar Wajih , Yan Yifei , Falter Reilly , Russett Colleen , Giannias Betty , Camilleri-Broët Sophie , Bertos Nicholas , Cools-Lartigue Jonathan , Garzia Livia , Sangwan Veena , Ferri Lorenzo , Zhang Xiaoyang , Bailey Swneke D.
Published: July 2024

GEC risk-associated index SNVs and loci.
Figure S10 from IL1R2 Blockade Alleviates Immunosuppression and Potentiates Anti-PD-1 Efficacy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xia Jie , Zhang Lixing , Peng Xilei , Tu Juchuanli , Li Siqin , He Xueyan , Li Fengkai , Qiang Jiankun , Dong Haonan , Deng Qiaodan , Liu Cuicui , Xu Jiahui , Zhang Rui , Liu Quentin , Hu Guohong , Liu Chong , Jiang Yi-Zhou , Shao Zhi-Ming , Chen Ceshi , Liu Suling
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S10
Figure S3 from HiChIP-Based Epigenomic Footprinting Identifies a Promoter Variant of UXS1 That Confers Genetic Susceptibility to Gastroesophageal Cancer
Authors: Gnanapragasam Ansley , Kirbizakis Eftyhios , Li Anna , White Kyle H. , Mortenson Katelyn L. , Cavalcante de Moura Juliana , Jawhar Wajih , Yan Yifei , Falter Reilly , Russett Colleen , Giannias Betty , Camilleri-Broët Sophie , Bertos Nicholas , Cools-Lartigue Jonathan , Garzia Livia , Sangwan Veena , Ferri Lorenzo , Zhang Xiaoyang , Bailey Swneke D.
Published: July 2024

Verification of the inducible UXS1 expression and knockdown by RT-qPCR.
Supplementary Data from The Circadian Clock Component RORA Increases Immunosurveillance in Melanoma by Inhibiting PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Liu Dandan , Wei Benliang , Liang Long , Sheng Yue , Sun Shengjie , Sun Xing , Li Maohua , Li Haobo , Yang Chaoying , Peng Yuanliang , Xie Yifang , Wen Chengcai , Chen Lu , Liu Xionghao , Chen Xiang , Liu Hong , Liu Jing
Published: July 2024

Figure S1-S5 Table S1-S3
Key Resources Table from The Circadian Clock Component RORA Increases Immunosurveillance in Melanoma by Inhibiting PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Liu Dandan , Wei Benliang , Liang Long , Sheng Yue , Sun Shengjie , Sun Xing , Li Maohua , Li Haobo , Yang Chaoying , Peng Yuanliang , Xie Yifang , Wen Chengcai , Chen Lu , Liu Xionghao , Chen Xiang , Liu Hong , Liu Jing
Published: July 2024

Key resources table
Figure S7 from ASPSCR1::TFE3 Drives Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma by Inducing Targetable Transcriptional Programs
Authors: Sicinska Ewa , Kola Vijaya S.R. , Kerfoot Joseph A. , Taddei Madeleine L. , Al-Ibraheemi Alyaa , Hsieh Yi-Hsuan , Church Alanna J. , Landesman-Bollag Esther , Landesman Yosef , Hemming Matthew L.
Published: July 2024

Figure S7. H3K27ac ChIP-seq, input and gene expression of BHLHE40
Figure S10 from ASPSCR1::TFE3 Drives Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma by Inducing Targetable Transcriptional Programs
Authors: Sicinska Ewa , Kola Vijaya S.R. , Kerfoot Joseph A. , Taddei Madeleine L. , Al-Ibraheemi Alyaa , Hsieh Yi-Hsuan , Church Alanna J. , Landesman-Bollag Esther , Landesman Yosef , Hemming Matthew L.
Published: July 2024

Figure S10. H3K27ac ChIP-seq and input at the CCND1 locus.
Supplementary Figure legend from A Multimodal Drug–Diet–Immunotherapy Combination Restrains Melanoma Progression and Metastasis
Authors: Oatman Nicole , Gawali Mruniya V. , Congrove Sunny , Cáceres Román , Sukumaran Abitha , Gupta Nishtha , Murugesan Narmadha , Arora Priyanka , Subramanian Srividhya , Choi Kwangmin , Abdel-Malek Zalfa , Reisz Julie A. , Stephenson Daniel , Amaravadi Ravi , Desai Pankaj , D’Alessandro Angelo , Komurov Kakajan , Dasgupta Biplab
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure legend
Data from Metabolic Reprogramming Is an Initial Step in Pancreatic Carcinogenesis That Can Be Targeted to Inhibit Acinar-to-Ductal Metaplasia
Authors: Neuß Thorsten , Chen Min-Chun , Wirges Nils , Usluer Sinem , Oellinger Rupert , Lier Svenja , Dudek Michael , Madl Tobias , Jastroch Martin , Steiger Katja , Schmitz Werner , Einwächter Henrik , Schmid Roland M.
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer and is crucial for cancer progression, making it an attractive therapeutic target. Understanding the role of metabolic reprogramming in cancer initiation could help identify prevention strategies. To address this, we investigated metabolism during acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), the first step of pancreatic carcinogenesis. Glycolytic markers were elevated in ADM lesions compared with normal tissue from human samples. Comprehensive metabolic assessment in three mouse models with pancreas-specific activation of KRAS, PI3K, or MEK1 using Seahorse measurements, nuclear magnetic resonance metabolome analysis, mass spectrometry, isotope tracing, and RNA sequencing analysis revealed a switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis in ADM. Blocking the metabolic switch attenuated ADM formation. Furthermore, mitochondrial metabolism was required for de novo synthesis of serine and glutathione (GSH) but not for ATP production. MYC mediated the increase in GSH intermediates in ADM, and inhibition of GSH synthesis suppressed ADM development. This study thus identifies metabolic changes and vulnerabilities in the early stages of pancreatic carcinogenesis.

Significance: Metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis mediated by MYC plays a crucial role in the development of pancreatic cancer, revealing a mechanism driving tumorigenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

See related commentary by Storz, p. 2225
Prospective Analysis of Circulating Biomarkers and Ovarian Cancer Risk in the UK Biobank
Authors: Sasamoto Naoko , Hathaway Cassandra A. , Townsend Mary K. , Terry Kathryn L. , Trabert Britton , Tworoger Shelley S.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Risk factors have a limited ability to predict individuals at high risk of developing ovarian cancer among average-risk women, highlighting the need for discovery of novel biomarkers. In the UK Biobank, we investigated serum biomarkers commonly measured in clinical laboratory tests and ovarian cancer risk.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective analysis of 20 serum biomarkers and ovarian cancer risk in 232,037 female UK Biobank participants (including 1,122 incident ovarian cancer cases diagnosed from 2006 to 2020). Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine associations between biomarkers and ovarian cancer risk overall and by histotype. FDR was used to account for multiple testing.

Results:

Overall, higher levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 [RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.60–0.87; P-trend = 0.002/FDR = 0.04], HbA1c (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62–0.89; P-trend = 0.002/FDR = 0.04), and alanine aminotransferase (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63–0.91; P-trend = 0.002/FDR = 0.04) were significantly associated with lower ovarian cancer risk. When stratified by histotype, higher IGF1 levels were associated with lower risk of serous (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.58–0.91; P-trend = 0.01/FDR = 0.20) and clear cell tumors (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.07–0.49; P-trend = 0.001/FDR = 0.02), and higher HbA1c levels were associated with lower risk of serous tumors (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.59–0.90; P-trend = 0.004/FDR = 0.08).

Conclusions:

We observed that higher levels of circulating IGF1, HbA1c, and alanine aminotransferase were associated with lower ovarian cancer risk.

Impact:

These results suggest metabolism of glucose/amino acid and insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway may be contributing to ovarian carcinogenesis. Further research is needed to replicate our findings and elucidate how systemic changes in metabolism impact ovarian carcinogenesis.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Minimal Residual Disease using a Plasma-Only Circulating Tumor DNA Assay to Predict Recurrence of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Following Curative Intent Treatment
Authors: Parikh Aparna R. , Chee Bryant H. , Tsai Jill , Rich Thereasa A. , Price Kristin S. , Patel Sonia A. , Zhang Li , Ibrahim Faaiz , Esquivel Mikaela , Van Seventer Emily E. , Jarnagin Joy X. , Raymond Victoria M. , Corvera Carlos U. , Hirose Kenzo , Nakakura Eric K. , Corcoran Ryan B. , Van Loon Katherine , Atreya Chloe E.
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S3. ctDNA dynamic changes for patients pre-and post-curative intent therapy (CI) (left) or adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) (right).
Supplemental Table 1 from Phase II Clinical Trial of Intravenous Levothyroxine to Mitigate Pharyngocutaneous Fistula in Euthyroid Patients Undergoing Salvage Laryngectomy
Authors: Heft Neal Molly E. , Haring Catherine T. , Bellile Emily , Jaffe Craig C. , Shuman Andrew G. , Chinn Steven B. , Stucken Chaz L. , Malloy Kelly M. , Casper Keith A. , Prince Mark E.P. , Chepeha Douglas B. , Rosko Andrew J. , Spector Matthew E.
Published: July 2024

Supplemental Table 1: Representativeness of Study Participants.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Phase II Clinical Trial of Intravenous Levothyroxine to Mitigate Pharyngocutaneous Fistula in Euthyroid Patients Undergoing Salvage Laryngectomy
Authors: Heft Neal Molly E. , Haring Catherine T. , Bellile Emily , Jaffe Craig C. , Shuman Andrew G. , Chinn Steven B. , Stucken Chaz L. , Malloy Kelly M. , Casper Keith A. , Prince Mark E.P. , Chepeha Douglas B. , Rosko Andrew J. , Spector Matthew E.
Published: July 2024

Supplemental Figure 1: Post-operative free T3 and T4 levels by thyroid state.
Supplementary Table S5 from Biomarker Identification and Risk Prediction Model Development for Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Lung Metastasis Based on Primary Lesion Proteomics
Authors: Peng Xiaoqi , Zhao Hongbo , Ye Lijuan , Hou Fei , Yi Zihan , Ren Yanxin , Lu Lin , Chen Fukun , Lv Juan , Wang Yinghui , Cai Haolin , Zheng Xihua , Yang Qing , Chen Ting
Published: July 2024

Table S5. Enrichment analysis of 418 DEPs in KEGG pathways. The top 20 enriched pathways were selected to construct pathway-gene networks and sorted based on degree values, resulting in 25 DEPs
Supplementary Table S2 from Plasma Metabolic Profiles-Based Prediction of Induction Chemotherapy Efficacy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Results of a Bidirectional Clinical Trial
Authors: Tang Tingxi , Zhou Zhenhua , Chen Min , Li Nan , Sun Jianda , Chen Zekai , Xiao Ting , Wang Xiaoqing , Zhang Longshan , Wang Yingqiao , Zhang Hanbin , Zheng Xiuting , Chen Bei , Ye Feng , Guan Jian
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Table S2 List of lipoproteins measured by 1H-NMR
Supplementary Figure S5 from Biomarker Identification and Risk Prediction Model Development for Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Lung Metastasis Based on Primary Lesion Proteomics
Authors: Peng Xiaoqi , Zhao Hongbo , Ye Lijuan , Hou Fei , Yi Zihan , Ren Yanxin , Lu Lin , Chen Fukun , Lv Juan , Wang Yinghui , Cai Haolin , Zheng Xihua , Yang Qing , Chen Ting
Published: July 2024

Figure S5. Protein expression categorized into 4 levels.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Plasma Metabolic Profiles-Based Prediction of Induction Chemotherapy Efficacy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Results of a Bidirectional Clinical Trial
Authors: Tang Tingxi , Zhou Zhenhua , Chen Min , Li Nan , Sun Jianda , Chen Zekai , Xiao Ting , Wang Xiaoqing , Zhang Longshan , Wang Yingqiao , Zhang Hanbin , Zheng Xiuting , Chen Bei , Ye Feng , Guan Jian
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S2. Comparison of different lipoprotein profiles between patients with different IC efficacy
Supplemental Figure 2 from CDKN2A/B Homozygous Deletion Sensitizes IDH-Mutant Glioma to CDK4/6 Inhibition
Authors: Nasser Ali M. , Melamed Lisa , Wetzel Ethan A. , Chang Jenny Chia-Chen , Nagashima Hiroaki , Kitagawa Yosuke , Muzyka Logan , Wakimoto Hiroaki , Cahill Daniel P. , Miller Julie J.
Published: July 2024

Supplemental Figure 2: Combination treatment with lomustine does not lead to an added benefit.
Supplementary Table S5 from MYC Inhibition Potentiates CD8+ T Cells Against Multiple Myeloma and Overcomes Immunomodulatory Drug Resistance
Authors: Davis Lorraine N. , Walker Zachary J. , Reiman Lauren T. , Parzych Sarah E. , Stevens Brett M. , Jordan Craig T. , Forsberg Peter A. , Sherbenou Daniel W.
Published: July 2024

Supplemental Table S5. MYCi975 My-DST: Primary Patient Sample Characteristics
Supplementary Table S2 from MYC Inhibition Potentiates CD8+ T Cells Against Multiple Myeloma and Overcomes Immunomodulatory Drug Resistance
Authors: Davis Lorraine N. , Walker Zachary J. , Reiman Lauren T. , Parzych Sarah E. , Stevens Brett M. , Jordan Craig T. , Forsberg Peter A. , Sherbenou Daniel W.
Published: July 2024

Supplemental Table S2. Intracellular flow of IKZF1/3: Primary Patient Sample Characteristics