bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Characterization of USP7 Targets in Cancer Cells
Authors: Georges Anna , Marcon Edyta , Greenblatt Jack , Frappier Lori
Published: October 2018

The ubiquitin specific protease, USP7, regulates multiple cellular pathways relevant for cancer through its ability to bind and sometimes stabilize specific target proteins through deubiquitylation. To gain a more complete profile of USP7 interactions in cancer cells, we performed affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry to identify USP7 binding targets in gastric carcinoma cells. This confirmed reported associations of USP7 with USP11, PPM1G phosphatase and TRIP12 E3 ubiquitin ligase as well as identifying novel interactions with two DEAD/DEAH-box RNA helicases, DDX24 and DHX40. Using USP7 binding pocket mutants, we show that USP11, PPM1G, TRIP12 and DDX24 bind USP7 through its TRAF domain binding pocket, while DHX40 interacts with USP7 through a distinct binding pocket in the Ubl2 domain. P/A/ExxS motifs in USP11 and DDX24 that are critical for USP7 binding were also identified. Modulation of USP7 expression levels and inhibition of USP7 catalytic activity in multiple cells lines showed that USP7 consistently stabilizes DDX24, DHX40 and TRIP12 dependent on its catalytic activity, while USP11 and PPM1G levels were not consistently affected. Our study better defines the mechanisms of USP7 interaction with known targets and identifies DDX24 and DHX40 as new targets that are specifically bound and regulated by USP7.
Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in a Possible Usual Interstitial Pneumonia Pattern: a meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Heekyung , Yoon Soon Ho , Hong Hyunsook , Hahn Seokyung , Goo Jin Mo
Published: October 2018

This study aimed to determine whether a surgical lung biopsy is essential for IPF diagnosis with the possible UIP CT pattern. We performed literature searches of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and included studies that conducted a radiologic-pathologic evaluation of IPF according to the 2011 guideline. Outcomes were pooled using a random-effects model. Twelve studies were included. Pooled proportions of IPF for a UIP pattern were 99% (95%CI, 93% to 100%; I2 = 51.7%) and for a possible UIP pattern were 94% (scenario inclusive of probable IPF; 95%CI, 87% to 99%; I2 = 82.9%) and 88% (scenario exclusive of probable IPF; 95%CI, 79% to 95%; I2 = 82.7%). The pooled percentage difference in the proportion of IPF between the UIP and possible UIP patterns was −2% (95%CI, −4% to 1%; I2 = 0.0%) in the former scenario and 4% (95%CI, 0% to 8%; I2 = 0.1%) in the latter scenario. The proportion of IPF with the possible UIP pattern was moderately correlated with the prevalence of IPF (correlation coefficient, 0.605; 95%CI, 0.550–0.860). There was a negligible pooled percentage difference in the proportion of IPF between the UIP and possible UIP patterns, indicating that IPF diagnosis can be confirmed without biopsy in suspected IPF cases with the possible UIP pattern.
Antiviral activity of the mineralocorticoid receptor NR3C2 against Herpes simplex virus Type 1 (HSV-1) infection
Authors: Haas Jürgen G. , Weber Julia , Gonzalez Orland , Zimmer Ralf , Griffiths Samantha J.
Published: October 2018

Analysis of a genome-scale RNA interference screen of host factors affecting herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) revealed that the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) inhibits HSV-1 replication. As a ligand-activated transcription factor the MR regulates sodium transport and blood pressure in the kidney in response to aldosterone, but roles have recently been elucidated for the MR in other cellular processes. Here, we show that the MR and other members of the mineralocorticoid signalling pathway including HSP90 and FKBP4, possess anti-viral activity against HSV-1 independent of their effect on sodium transport, as shown by sodium channel inhibitors. Expression of the MR is upregulated upon infection in an interferon (IFN) and viral transcriptional activator VP16-dependent fashion. Furthermore, the MR and VP16, together with the cellular co-activator Oct-1, transactivate the hormone response element (HRE) present in the MR promoter and those of its transcriptional targets. As the MR induces IFN expression, our data suggests the MR is involved in a positive feedback loop that controls HSV-1 infection.
Thermal pace-of-life strategies improve phenological predictions in ectotherms
Authors: Struelens Quentin , Rebaudo François , Quispe Reinaldo , Dangles Olivier
Published: October 2018

Phenological variability among populations is widespread in nature. A few predictive phenological models integrate intrapopulational variability, but none has ever explored the individual strategies potentially occurring within a population. The “pace-of-life” syndrome accounts for such individual strategies, but has yet to be explored under a phenological context. Here we integrated, for the first time, the slow-fast thermal strategies stemming from the “pace-of-life” into a mechanistic predictive framework. We obtained 4619 phenological observations of an important crop pest in the Bolivian Andes by individually following 840 individuals under five rearing temperatures and across nine life stages. The model calibrated with the observed individual “pace-of-life” strategies showed a higher accuracy in phenological predictions than when accounting for intrapopulational variability alone. We further explored our framework with generated data and suggest that ectotherm species with a high number of life stages and with slow and/or fast individuals should exhibit a greater variance of populational phenology, resulting in a potentially longer time window of interaction with other species. We believe that the “pace-of-life” framework is a promising approach to improve phenological prediction across a wide array of species.
Plasma lipidomic analysis reveals strong similarities between lipid fingerprints in human, hamster and mouse compared to other animal species
Authors: Kaabia Zied , Poirier Julie , Moughaizel Michelle , Aguesse Audrey , Billon-Crossouard Stéphanie , Fall Fanta , Durand Manon , Dagher Elie , Krempf Michel , Croyal Mikaël
Published: October 2018

Cardiovascular diseases are often associated with impaired lipid metabolism. Animal models are useful for deciphering the physiological mechanisms underlying these pathologies. However, lipid metabolism is contrasted between species limiting the transposition of findings from animals to human. Hence, we aimed to compare extended lipid profiles of several animal species to bring new insights in animal model selections. Human lipid phenotype was compared with those of 10 animal species. Standard plasma lipids and lipoprotein profiles were obtained by usual methods and lipidomic analysis was conducted by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). As anticipated, we found contrasted lipid profiles between species. Some of them exhibited similar plasma lipids to human (non-human primate, rat, hamster, pig), but only usual lipid profiles of pigs were superimposable with human. LC-HRMS analyses allowed the identification of 106 other molecular species of lipids, common to all samples and belonging to major lipid families. Multivariate analyses clearly showed that hamster and, in a lower extent mouse, exhibited close lipid fingerprints to that of human. Besides, several lipid candidates that were previously reported to study cardiovascular diseases ranged similarly in human and hamster. Hence, hamster appeared to be the best option to study physiological disturbances related to cardiovascular diseases.
RNA chaperone assisted intramolecular annealing reaction towards oligouridylated RNA detection in cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Kai , Yang Xue-Jiao , Zhang Ting-Ting , Li Xiang-Ling , Chen Hong-Yuan , Xu Jing-Juan
Published: October 2018

An RNA chaperone assisted intramolecular annealing reaction for sensitive detection of genetic material in cell lysis and single cells was constructed.
Exploiting the chemical differences between Ag and Au colloids allows dramatically improved SERS detection of “non-adsorbing” molecules
Authors: Ye Ziwei , Li Chunchun , Xu Yikai , Bell Steven E. J.
Published: October 2018

Switching from Ag to Au colloids allows SERS of ‘non-adsorbing’ analytes such as naphthalene to be detected at ≥10−8 M.
Catalyst-free and visible light promoted trifluoromethylation and perfluoroalkylation of uracils and cytosines
Authors: Huang Yang , Lei Yun-Yun , Zhao Liang , Gu Jiwei , Yao Qiuli , Wang Ze , Li Xiao-Fei , Zhang Xingang , He Chun-Yang
Published: October 2018

Here, we report a mild, catalyst-free and operationally simple strategy for the direct perfluoroalkylation of uracils, cytosines and pyridinones through a visible-light induced pathway.
Synthesis of core–shell ZIF-67@Co-MOF-74 catalyst with controllable shell thickness and enhanced photocatalytic activity for visible light-driven water oxidation
Authors: Guo Changyan , Guo Jia , Zhang Yonghong , Wang Di , Zhang Li , Guo Yuan , Ma Wenlan , Wang Jide
Published: October 2018

Core–shell ZIF-67@Co-MOF-74 catalysts with improved photocatalytic properties were synthesized via the ligand exchange method.
Metalcarbonyl analogues of annelated cyclooctatetraene and cyclodecapentaene derivatives with a planar core cycle: a quantum chemical study
Authors: Gribanova Tatyana N. , Minyaev Ruslan M. , Minkin Vladimir I. , Boldyrev Alexander I.
Published: October 2018

With the help of DFT calculations the possibility of stabilizing non-standard flat conformations of cyclooctatetraene and cyclodecapentaene by equatorially located metalcarbonyl substituents has been predicted.
Control of TiN oxidation upon atomic layer deposition of oxides
Authors: Filatova E. O. , Sakhonenkov S. S. , Konashuk A. S. , Afanas’ev V. V.
Published: October 2018

The amount of narrow-gap TiO2 can be controlled (increased or decreased) by inserting a thin layer enabling engineering of vacancy-mediated processes.
The dp type π-bond and chiral charge density waves in 1T-TiSe2
Authors: Shu Guo-Jiun , Liou Sz-Chian , Lin Chih-Kai , Hayashi Michitoshi , Chou Fang-Cheng
Published: October 2018

Based on the atomic electronic configuration and Ti–Se coordination, a valence bond model for the layered transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) 1T-TiSe2 is proposed.
A magnetic study of a layered lanthanide hydroxide family: Ln8(OH)20Cl4·nH2O (Ln = Tb, Ho, Er)
Authors: Coutinho Joana T. , Pereira Claudia C. L. , Marçalo Joaquim , Baldoví José J. , Almeida Manuel , Monteiro Bernardo , Pereira Laura C. J.
Published: October 2018

Experimental and semi-empirical calculations allowed the correlation of Ln electronic configurations and the diversity of different magnetic behaviors of these LLHs.
Two water-stable lanthanide metal–organic frameworks with oxygen-rich channels for fluorescence sensing of Fe(iii) ions in aqueous solution
Authors: Liu Lizhen , Wang Yu , Lin Rongyan , Yao Zizhu , Lin Quanjie , Wang Lihua , Zhang Zhangjing , Xiang Shengchang
Published: October 2018

A strategy is proposed to construct oxygen-rich channel MOFs as chemosensors for sensing Fe3+ ions using oxygen-enriched multi-carboxylic acid ligands.
NaBaMIIIQ3 (MIII = Al, Ga; Q = S, Se): first quaternary chalcogenides with isolated edge-sharing (MIII2Q6)6− dimers
Authors: Abudurusuli Ailijiang , Wu Kui , Rouzhahong Yilimiranmu , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie
Published: October 2018

New series of quaternary chalcogenides with firstly discovered isolated edge-sharing (MIII2Q6)6− dimers showing obvious optical anisotropy were reported.
New applications of the mathematical model of a permeation passive sampler: prediction of the effective uptake rate and storage stability
Authors: Salim Faten , Górecki Tadeusz , Ioannidis Marios
Published: October 2018

As the applications of passive sampling in environmental analysis are increasing, it is crucial to ensure that the methods applied in the measurement of pollutant concentrations provide sufficient accuracy in compliance with existing regulations.
Understanding biosynthetic protein–protein interactions
Authors: Ackerley David F. , Challis Gregory L. , Cryle Max J.
Published: October 2018

The Natural Product Reports themed issue on Understanding biosynthetic protein–protein interactions is introduced by the Guest Editors, David Ackerley, Gregory Challis and Max Cryle.
Expedient synthesis of trifunctional oligoethyleneglycol-amine linkers and their use in the preparation of PEG-based branched platforms
Authors: Ursuegui Sylvain , Schneider Jérémy P. , Imbs Claire , Lauvoisard Florian , Dudek Marta , Mosser Michel , Wagner Alain
Published: October 2018

Reductive azide dimerization provides access to trifunctional OEG-amine linkers which were employed in coupling reactions to afford multifunctional discrete PEG-branched dendrons.
Synthesis and initial biological evaluation of myxocoumarin B
Authors: Müller Jonas I. , Kusserow Kalina , Hertrampf Gesa , Pavic Aleksandar , Nikodinovic-Runic Jasmina , Gulder Tobias A. M.
Published: October 2018

The first total synthesis of myxocoumarin B along with its initial biological evaluation in antifungal and cytotoxicity assays are reported.
High binding ability ligand controlled formation of CsPbX3 (X = Cl/Br, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals with high quantum yields and enhanced stability
Authors: Xia Hongbo , Wu Suli , Li Lu , Zhang Shufen
Published: October 2018

CsPbX3 NCs with both high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) and enhanced stability have been obtained by using high binding ability ligands.
Correction: Dynamic random lasing in silica aerogel doped with rhodamine 6G
Authors: Ursus Wetter Niklaus , Ramos de Miranda Adriana , Pecoraro Édison , Lima Ribeiro Sidney José , Jimenez-Villar Ernesto
Published: October 2018

Correction for ‘Dynamic random lasing in silica aerogel doped with rhodamine 6G’ by Niklaus Ursus Wetter et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 29678–29685.
Base-free, tunable, Au-catalyzed oxidative esterification of alcohols in continuous flow
Authors: Roberts Felicity J. , Richard Christian , Zemichael Fessehaye W. , Hii King Kuok (Mimi) , Hellgardt Klaus , Brennan Colin , Sale David A.
Published: October 2018

Under continuous flow conditions, hydrogen peroxide oxidizes primary alcohols in methanol over Au/TiO2, without the need for added base.
An interplay between electronic and structural effects on the photoluminescence decay mechanisms in LaPO4·nH2O:Tb3+ and LaPO4:Tb3+ single-crystal nanorods
Authors: Colomer M. T. , Díaz-Moreno S. , Tamayo A. , Ortiz A. L. , Chaboy J.
Published: October 2018

A novel High Energy Resolution Fluorescence Detected X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (HERFD-XAS) study at the Tb L3-edge for the rhabdophane-type LaPO4·nH2O:Tb3+ and the monazite-type LaTbPO4:Tb3+ nanorods is reported.
Defect formation in In2O3and SnO2: a new atomistic approach based on accurate lattice energies
Authors: Hou Qing , Buckeridge John , Lazauskas Tomas , Mora-Fonz David , Sokol Alexey A. , Woodley Scott M. , Catlow C. Richard A.
Published: October 2018

A new consistent interatomic force field for In2O3and SnO2.
Behavior Assessment Battery: Normative and Psychometric Investigation Among Polish Adults Who Do and Do Not Stutter
Authors: Węsierska Katarzyna , Vanryckeghem Martine , Krawczyk Aleksandra , Danielowska Marta , Faściszewska Maria , Tuchowska Jadwiga
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The aim of this study was to establish normative data for Polish persons who stutter (PWS) and persons who do not stutter (PWNS) with the adapted version of the Behavior Assessment Battery (BAB; Vanryckeghem & Brutten, 2018) for adults and to investigate whether or not gender and age influenced the results. In addition, the BAB subtests' reliability and validity were examined.

Method

A Polish version of the BAB test procedures, including the Speech Situation Checklist–Emotional Reaction, Speech Situation Checklist–Speech Disruption, Behavior Checklist, and Communication Attitude Test for Adults Who Stutter (Vanryckeghem & Brutten, 2018), were individually administered to 123 adults who stutter and 151 adults who do not stutter between the ages of 17 and 70.

Results

PWS scored statistically significantly higher on all BAB subtests compared to PWNS. No significant between-groups gender or age difference was detected. The test data indicate high internal validity. The test items correlate well with the total score and significantly differentiate the two groups. The test battery validly differentiates PWS from PWNS with high accuracy.

Conclusions

The Polish version of the BAB for adults confirms data collected in previous cross-cultural investigations. The results once again differentiate PWS from PWNS in a powerful way. Compared to PWNS, PWS report significantly more anxiety and speech breakdown when speaking in particular speech situations. They also report their attitude toward speech to be significantly more negative compared to the typical speaker and indicate using a significant number of coping behaviors to avoid or escape difficult speaking conditions. The BAB test battery, in its totality, assists in multidimensional assessment, pre- and posttreatment comparison, and identification of treatment targets based on the answers of PWS to each test item.
Introduction to the Special Issue: The 11th Oxford Dysfluency Conference
Authors: Millard Sharon K. , Brundage Shelley B.
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this introduction is to provide an overview of the articles in this special issue of
AJSLP
. These articles originated from the presentations at the 11th Oxford Dysfluency Conference in September 2017.
Das richtige Mobilitätstraining für Senioren ermitteln – In drei Schritten zum richtigen Programm
Authors: Rogan Slavko
Published: October 2018

Bewegung im Alter tut gut. Da verwundert es nicht, dass die Zahl an Bewegungsprogrammen für Senioren steigt. Aus der Fülle das richtige Konzept auszuwählen, gelingt mithilfe des „Systemisch-Medizinischen Mobilitätstrainings bei Senioren“. Entwickler und Physiotherapeut Prof. Dr. Slavko Rogan zeigt, wie das geht.
Psychokardiologische Grundlagen: Wie schädigt Stress das Herz-Kreislauf-System?
Authors: Kuntz-Hehner Stefanie , Angerer Peter
Published: October 2018

Akuter, wiederholter und chronischer Stress in verschiedenen Lebensbereichen erhöht das Risiko für die Entstehung, die klinische Erstmanifestation und eine ungünstige Prognose einer kardiovaskulären Erkrankung. Diese epidemiologisch auf breiter Basis nachgewiesenen Zusammenhänge lassen sich durch biologische Stressreaktionen, emotionale Reaktionen und Verhalten plausibel erklären. Aus physiologischen Stressreaktionen entstehen pathophysiologische Abläufe, die schließlich die Atherogenese fördern und klinische Ereignisse wie akute Koronarsyndrome, Herzinsuffizienz, Herzrhythmusstörungen oder Schlaganfälle auslösen können. Dabei können sich stressinduzierte intermediäre Erkrankungen wie Depressionen, arterielle Hypertonie oder Diabetes mellitus ihrerseits langfristig auf weitere kardiovaskuläre Krankheitsmanifestationen auswirken. Das Verständnis dieser pathophysiologischen Wege bietet somit Ansatzpunkte für gezielte Interventionen.
Außerberuflicher Stress und kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen
Authors: Sperlich Stefanie
Published: October 2018

Dieser Beitrag resümiert die Bedeutung außerberuflicher Stressoren für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen im Hinblick auf die psychosozialen Faktoren „soziale Beziehungen“, „kritische Lebensereignisse“, „Arbeitslosigkeit und finanzielle Belastungen“, „soziale Diskriminierung“, „unbezahlte Pflegetätigkeit“, „Haus- und Familienarbeit“ sowie „Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie“, die auf der Grundlage einer systematischen Literaturrecherche ermittelt wurden. Die Sichtung der Studien ergab eine hohe empirische Evidenz für einen Zusammenhang zwischen unzureichender sozialer Unterstützung und kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, während die empirische Beweislage insbesondere für soziale Diskriminierungserfahrungen, unbezahlte Pflege- bzw. Haus- und Familienarbeit sowie die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie geringer ausfällt. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse verweisen jedoch grundsätzlich auf die Bedeutung dieser Stressoren für die Entstehung von kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren sowie die Inzidenz und Prognose von kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen. Weiterführende Studien sind angezeigt, um die Evidenzlage zu fundieren und weiterführende Aussagen über genderspezifische Einflüsse und besonders belastete Personengruppen treffen zu können.
Stress in der Prävention und Rehabilitation der koronaren Herzkrankheit
Authors: Marx Roger , Bassenge Dirk
Published: October 2018

In den Forschungen der letzten Jahre hat sich Stress als ein eigenständiger Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung und das Fortschreiten der koronaren Herzkrankheit herausgestellt. Die transaktionale Stresstheorie beleuchtet die stressbezogenen Transaktionen zwischen Person und Umwelt und legt den Schwerpunkt auf die individuellen Bewertungs- und Bewältigungsprozesse. In der Prävention stellt Stress einen Risikofaktor dar, der sowohl im Rahmen der Verhaltensprävention (Verbesserung der eigenen Gesundheitskompetenz) als auch der Verhältnisprävention (Berücksichtigung der sozialen Situation) modifiziert werden kann. In der kardiologischen Rehabilitation stehen weniger die strukturellen als die interpersonalen bzw. die personalen Interventionsmaßnahmen im Vordergrund. Es wird für alle Patienten ein niederschwelliges Angebot vorgehalten, in dem Stressbewältigungskompetenzen gefördert werden. Darüber hinaus haben sich vertiefende Angebote mit verschiedenen empirisch evaluierten Programmen etabliert. Hier wird ein multimodales Stressbewältigungstraining absolviert, das sich an moderne Stresstheorien anlehnt. Es sollen Verhaltensmuster erlernt werden, die in den Alltag transferiert werden.
Asthma neuraltherapeutisch behandeln
Authors: Wander Rainer
Published: October 2018

Jeder segmentale Reiz bedeutet auch segmentaler Stress und induziert eine neurogene Entzündung. Nach den Mechanismen der Stressverarbeitung kann dies
zeitabhängig krankmachen. Das in der Neuraltherapie favorisierte Lokalanästhetikum Procain kann mit seinen Spaltprodukten im Gewebe eine echte antientzündliche
Wirkung und damit eine Antistresswirkung entfalten und ist damit allen anderen Lokalanästhetika überlegen.

Am Beispiel von Asthma werden neuraltherapeutische Strategien zur Behandlung von Atemwegserkrankungen vorgestellt: In der Praxis hat sich ein 3-stufiges Vorgehen
bewährt: die Behandlung im Segment, im erweiterten Segment sowie die Behandlung über das Störfeld. Zwei Fälle aus der Praxis zeigen exemplarisch die möglichen
Behandlungserfolge.
Asthma und Vitamin D
Authors: Spitz Jörg
Published: October 2018

Deutschlandweit sind über 3 Millionen Erwachsene von Asthma bronchiale und über 12 Millionen von allergischer Rhinitis betroffen. Studien belegen, dass Vitamin D
eng mit der Regulation des Immunsystems verbunden ist. Die gezielte Beseitigung eines Vitamin-D-Mangels führt daher zu deutlich positiven Auswirkungen bei
diesen Erkrankungen sowie bei Infektionskrankheiten und Autoimmunerkrankungen. Die Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Vorbeugung und Behandlung ist eine
tägliche Dosis des Sonnenhormons, die den Vitamin-D-Spiegel ganzjährig in einem Bereich von 40–60 ng/ml hält.
Treatment of Severely Atrophic Edentulous Mandible Fractures: Load-Bearing or Load-Sharing?
Authors: Van der Kolk - Bender Celine A. , Koudstaal Maarten J. , Wolvius Eppo B.
Published: October 2018

Several nonsurgical and surgical techniques have been employed to treat fractures of the severely atrophic mandible. The aim of this study was to analyze the repair outcome of these fractures. From 2010 to 2016, patients with fractures of the severely atrophic mandible were included. All files were retrospectively studied. Twelve patients (mean age: 76 years; female, n = 8) with a single ( n = 6) or multiple fracture(s) of the atrophic edentulous mandible (mean height was 10.1 mm) were identified. Fracture occurred following trauma ( n = 9), explantation of dental implants ( n = 2), and placing an overdenture bar ( n = 1). In seven cases, consolidation was successful following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using a load-bearing reconstruction plate. In five cases, the initial treatment was different: conservative treatment, using gunning splint, and performing ORIF using miniplates. In all five cases, additional ORIF using a load-bearing reconstruction plate was needed. In four cases, short dental implants were placed several months following fracture repair. In case of a severely atrophic mandibular fracture, the authors advise ORIF with a load-bearing reconstruction plate. In selected cases, secondary oral rehabilitation with short dental implants and implant-supported prosthesis is feasible.
Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Histological Comparison of Normal Canine Menisci
Authors: Hayashi Kei , Caserto Brian , Breighner Ryan , Norman Mary , Potter Hollis , Koff Matthew , Pownder Sarah
Published: October 2018

Objective The purpose of this observational study was to establish normative data for the canine menisci using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods Ten fresh stifles from five normal male Beagles were obtained from animals with no known lameness. Conventional MRI and ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging were performed and T2* values calculated. Five stifles were assessed histologically.

Results The caudal horn of the medial meniscus had significantly prolonged T2* values (4.6 ± 1.27 ms; p = 0.002) as compared with the cranial horn of the medial meniscus (3.25 ± 0.86 ms), and the cranial (3.06 ± 0.54 ms) and caudal (3.64 ± 0.72 ms) horns of the lateral meniscus. Histology demonstrated normal tibial, femoral, interior and peripheral meniscal margins, and normal cellularity. The medial meniscus was noted to be obliquely oriented to the scan plane compared with the relatively perpendicular orientation of the lateral meniscus as compared with the bore of the magnet in a limb-extended orientation.

Clinical Significance Variability of MRI UTE T2* is seen in the normal canine meniscus, with prolongation of the caudal horn, medial meniscus. Prolongation may be due to magic angle effects, as the medial meniscus of the Beagle is not perpendicular to the axis of the main magnetic field. Canine meniscal injury is a common sequela to cruciate tear, and detecting meniscal damage is important for directing patient care. The non-invasive quantitative MRI technique of UTE imaging can be used for the evaluation of collagen orientation, while acknowledging inherent regions of prolongation.
Deploying Your Telehealth Platform
Authors: Jalalabadi Faryan , Izaddoost Shayan , Guillen Diana , Fordis C. , Reece Edward
Published: October 2018

Telemedicine is a burgeoning industry with potential to enhance patient care and physician outreach. A review of the current literature and legislative laws was conducted along with knowledge from the experience gathered at starting a telehealth platform at Texas Children's Hospital to find the necessary steps for starting a telehealth program. The authors propose their pearls to deploying a capable telehealth platform for the large hospital system. Doing so properly can increase capacity within hospital operations and improve health care economics. Select use-cases can be focused to leverage stakeholder need, while maximizing potential return. Successful deployment of a telehealth platform can be done on a small margin and accrued revenue can be reinvested as the basis for growth. Risk management considerations upfront will help navigate hurdles in the evolving legislative and regulatory landscape. This article presents the authors' stepwise approach for arranging and conducting a teleconsultation between patient and physician along with pearls for risk management considerations to be aware of throughout the process.
The Nonprofit Sector: Navigating its Waters from a Surgery Vantage
Authors: Singh Aspinder , Jalalabadi Faryan , Hollier Pierce , Reece Edward , Hollier Larry
Published: October 2018

The nonprofit sector is a vibrant, dynamic, and expanding portion of the United States' economy. Its growth over the past two decades has opened up many avenues for entrepreneurs wishing to create corporations that are community- and need-driven, particularly in the health services industry. The fertility of this sector has not been maximized by physicians in particular due to the tortuous path of nonprofit incorporation and accreditation. This article focuses on reviewing the structure of nonprofits and streamlining the establishment process.
Product Development: From Concept to Market
Authors: Jalalabadi Faryan , Sameri Aryan , Reece Edward
Published: October 2018

Plastic surgery has origins that date back to 3,000 BC and although some devices and techniques have withstood the test of time, the field has made much advancement through the use of modern day technology and innovation. The combination of the two has led to an array of advanced products we use in our offices and operating rooms on a daily basis. These products may be used by the surgeon or the patient, may be small scale, or sold en masse. The surgeon stands in a position of power, able to guide the progress of the field as a whole, through new product development. Ideas for advancement are just that—a thought—until put in the hands of an end user. This paper discusses the steps that may aid you in doing so: idea generation, design feasibility, testing and prototyping, pricing, distribution channels, marketing and sales, and seeking enablers.
Application of plasma for efficient H2 production: A realism of copper electrode in single dielectric barrier discharge reactor
Authors: Dey G. R. , Zode S. D. , Namboodiri V.
Published: October 2018

Effective transformation of moisture into hydrogen in argon containing 100% relative humidity employing dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma is reported. The coaxial reactor with a common outer Pyrex tube having an inner diameter of 14 mm accompanied by a central electrode combination is employed for H2 generation through water splitting. Three different central electrodes such as Pyrex (double dielectric surfaces), copper (Cu), and stainless steel (SS) [single dielectric (SD) surface] are used separately, investigating the H2 production efficiency with the variation of gas residence time (GRT), electric field, working frequency, electrode surface, and discharge gas-gap (GG). Optimal electric fields 3.5, 1.7, and 1.3 kV mm−1 at 14.5 kHz are required for the highest H2 production at 45 s GRT for Pyrex, SS, and Cu reactors, respectively. The utmost H2 productions 2500 and 4500 ppmv are observed with 100 mm long, 4 mm GG and 290 mm long, 2 mm GG Cu SD reactors, respectively.
Measurements of the effective electron density in an electron beam ion trap using extreme ultraviolet spectra and optical imaging
Authors: Arthanayaka T. P. , Beiersdorfer P. , Brown G. V. , Hahn M. , Hell N. , Lockard T. E. , Savin D. W.
Published: October 2018

In an electron beam ion trap (EBIT), the ions are not confined to the electron beam, but rather oscillate in and out of the beam. As a result, the ions do not continuously experience the full density of the electron beam. To determine the effective electron density, ne,eff, experienced by the ions, the electron beam size, the nominal electron density ne, and the ion distribution around the beam, i.e., the so-called ion cloud, must be measured. We use imaging techniques in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and optical to determine these. The electron beam width is measured using 3d → 3p emission from Fe xii and xiii between 185 and 205 Å. These transitions are fast and the EUV emission occurs only within the electron beam. The measured spatial emission profile and variable electron current yield a nominal electron density range of ne ∼ 1011–1013 cm−3. We determine the size of the ion cloud using optical emission from metastable levels of ions with radiative lifetimes longer than the ion orbital periods. The resulting emission maps out the spatial distribution of the ion cloud. We find a typical electron beam radius of ∼60 μm and an ion cloud radius of ∼300 μm. These yield a spatially averaged effective electron density, ne,eff, experienced by the ions in EBIT spanning ∼ 5 × 109–5 × 1011 cm−3.
Design of Langmuir probe diagnostic system for the upgraded lower tungsten divertor in EAST tokamak
Authors: Xu J. C. , Wang L. , Xu G. S. , Zhu D. H. , Feng W. , Liu J. B. , Deng G. Z. , Lan H. , Yao D. M. , Luo G. N. , Guo H. Y.
Published: October 2018

In order to achieve long-pulse H-mode plasma scenario over 400 s with high heating power in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) device, the lower graphite divertor will be upgraded into a tungsten (W) divertor with active water cooling, which consists of the W/Cu monoblock units and the W flat-tile units as the divertor plasma facing components. As a fundamental diagnostic tool, the divertor Langmuir probe (Div-LP) diagnostic system will be upgraded accordingly. This paper presents the design of two kinds of new Div-LP systems, which are planned to be utilized on the W/Cu monoblock units and the W flat-tile units for the upgraded lower tungsten divertor, respectively, including their structures and preliminary poloidal and toroidal layouts. The Div-LP diagnostic system can measure the plasma parameters with the schemes of triple-probe, double-probe, and single-probe, to obtain the spatial and temporal distribution of plasma behavior on the divertor targets, which is useful for the discharge control and operation in EAST. In addition, the thermal analysis of the two kinds of probe assemblies is also carried out by using the three-dimensional finite element code ANSYS, which is aimed to get the optimal designs to withstand the long-pulse and high-power operation in EAST future experiments.
Calibration of proton dispersion for the NIF electron positron proton spectrometer (NEPPS) for short-pulse laser experiments on the NIF ARC
Authors: Mariscal D. , Williams G. J. , Chen H. , Ayers S. , Lemos N. , Kerr S. , Ma T.
Published: October 2018

Experiments using the Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC) laser at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) aim to characterize short-pulse-driven proton beams for use as both probes and drivers for high-energy-density physics experiments. Measurements of ARC-driven proton beam characteristics, such as energy spectrum and conversion efficiency, rely on the NIF Electron Positron Proton Spectrometer (NEPPS). The NEPPS diagnostic is a version of an existing particle spectrometer which is used for detecting MeV electron and positron spectra via permanent magnetic field dispersion. These spectrometers have not yet been calibrated for protons and instead use an analytical calculation to estimate the dispersion. Small variations in the field uniformity can affect the proton dispersion due to the relatively small resolving power (E/dE) for this diagnostic. A broadband energy, laser-accelerated proton source was produced at the Titan laser to experimentally calibrate the proton dispersion. These experimental data were used to test the theoretical dispersion. Numerical simulations using measurements of the magnetic field variation within the diagnostic were used to obtain a realistic proton dispersion curve for the new NEPPS units. This procedure for obtaining each independent dispersion is applicable to all EPPS and NEPPS diagnostics, given the axial magnetic field profile.
Magnetic field effects on the specific heat of a diluted Pr system Y1-xPrxIr2Zn20
Authors: Yamane Yu , Onimaru Takahiro , Wakiya Kazuhei , Matsumoto Keisuke T. , Umeo Kazunori , Takabatake Toshiro
Published: October 2018

The specific heat of Y1-xPrxIr2Zn20 with x = 0.044 has been measured down to 0.08 K in magnetic fields of B ≤ 12 T. The 4f contribution to the specific heat divided by temperature C4f/T diverges as −lnT in B = 0 and 2 T applied along the [100] direction. In B = 4 T, however, C4f(T) exhibits a broad maximum, which shifts to higher temperatures with increasing B. This behavior can be explained by the Zeeman effect which splits the ground state doublet through the first excited triplet. The 4f contribution to the entropy, S4f(T), in B ≥ 4 T is well reproduced by the crystalline electric field calculation, whereas the calculation fails to reproduce the S4f(T) data in B ≤ 2 T. We propose that the on-site interaction of the active quadrupole in the ground state doublet with two-channel conduction bands gives rise to the –lnT variation of C4f/T.
Tutorial: Basic principles, limits of detection, and pitfalls of highly sensitive SQUID magnetometry for nanomagnetism and spintronics
Authors: Buchner M. , Höfler K. , Henne B. , Ney V. , Ney A.
Published: October 2018

In the field of nanomagnetism and spintronics, integral magnetometry is nowadays challenged by samples with low magnetic moments and/or low coercive fields. Commercial superconducting quantum interference device magnetometers are versatile experimental tools to magnetically characterize samples with ultimate sensitivity as well as with a high degree of automation. For realistic experimental conditions, the as-recorded magnetic signal contains several artifacts, especially if small signals are measured on top of a large magnetic background or low magnetic fields are required. In this Tutorial, we will briefly review the basic principles of magnetometry and present a representative discussion of artifacts which can occur in studying samples like soft magnetic materials as well as low moment samples. It turns out that special attention is needed to quantify and correct the residual fields of the superconducting magnet to derive useful information from integral magnetometry while pushing the limits of detection and to avoid erroneous conclusions.
Piezoelectric performance, phase transitions, and domain structure of 0.96(K0.48Na0.52)(Nb0.96Sb0.04)O3−0.04(Bi0.50Na0.50)ZrO3 ceramics
Authors: Zhou Chunming , Zhang Jialiang , Yao Weizeng , Wang Xuemei , Liu Dakang , Sun Xue
Published: October 2018

Demand for replacing the current lead-based piezoelectric materials with some lead-free ones becomes increasingly strong from environmental concerns. In this article, we report the piezoelectric performance, the phase transitions, and the domain configurations of highly dense 0.96(K0.48Na0.52)(Nb0.96Sb0.04)O3−0.04(Bi0.50Na0.50)ZrO3 ceramics prepared by two step-sintering through solid-state reaction. This material has outstanding piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric coefficient d33 = 512 pC/N and electromechanical coupling coefficient kp ≈ 0.56 at room temperature. While d33 exhibits a broad peak and is greater than 430 pC/N between −30 °C and 70 °C, kp depends weakly on temperature below 50 °C but decreases considerably with further increasing the temperature. In terms of thermal aging, both d33 and kp remain stable from −50 °C to 240 °C. The degradation of kp quickly stabilizes in the first thermal cycle between −50 °C and 150 °C. Furthermore, the measurement of relative dielectric permittivity ε′ upon heating indicates that rhombohedral-orthorhombic, orthorhombic-tetragonal, and tetragonal-cubic phase transitions occur at TR-O ≈ −40 °C, TO-T ≈ 54 °C, and TC ≈ 265 °C, respectively. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the crystalline structure at room temperature is of orthorhombic-tetragonal phase coexistence. We also investigate the domain structure with an acid etching technique. The unpoled ceramic exhibits a complicated domain pattern consisting of irregularly shaped domains of long parallel stripes separated by 180° domain boundaries from neighboring domains. In contrast, upon poling, the domain pattern becomes simpler and takes the form of long parallel stripes of diverse widths, with a hierarchical nanodomain structure appearing inside some of the broader stripes. We consider that the superior piezoelectric properties and reasonable temperature stability are closely related to the rhombohedral-orthorhombic and orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transitions and to the characteristic domain structure.
Dipole-bound excited states and resonant photoelectron imaging of phenoxide and thiophenoxide anions
Authors: Zhu Guo-Zhu , Qian Chen-Hui , Wang Lai-Sheng
Published: October 2018

We report photodetachment and resonant photoelectron-imaging studies of cryogenically cooled phenoxide (C6H5O−) and thiophenoxide (C6H5S−) anions. In a previous study [H. T. Liu et al. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 52, 8976 (2013)], a dipole-bound excited state was observed for C6H5O− at 97 cm−1 below the detachment threshold. Eight resonant photoelectron spectra were obtained via excitations to eight vibrational levels of the dipole-bound state (DBS) followed by autodetachment. Here we present a complete photodetachment spectrum of C6H5O− covering a spectral range 2600 cm−1 above the detachment threshold and revealing nine additional vibrational resonances of the DBS. We also report the first observation of a dipole-bound excited state for C6H5S−, 39 cm−1 below its detachment threshold of 18 982 cm−1. Photodetachment spectroscopy covering a spectral range 1500 cm−1 above the threshold reveals twelve vibrational resonances for the DBS of C6H5S−. By tuning the detachment laser to the vibrational resonances in the DBS of C6H5O− and C6H5S−, we obtain highly non-Franck-Condon resonant photoelectron spectra, as a result of mode-selectivity and the Δv = −1 propensity rule for vibrational autodetachment. Five new fundamental vibrational frequencies are obtained for the ground state of the C6H5O (X2B1) radical. Intramolecular inelastic scattering is observed in some of the resonant photoelectron spectra, leading to the excitation of the Franck-Condon-inactive lowest-frequency bending mode (ν20) of C6H5O. The first excited state of C6H5O (A2B2) is observed to be 0.953 eV above the ground state. Twelve resonant photoelectron spectra are obtained for C6H5S−, allowing the measurements of seven fundamental vibrational frequencies of the C6H5S radical, whereas the non-resonant photoelectron spectrum exhibits only a single Franck-Condon active mode. The current study again demonstrates that the combination of photodetachment spectroscopy and resonant photoelectron spectroscopy is a powerful technique to obtain vibrational information about polar radical species.
A parametric study to unravel the alignment mechanism of carbon nanotubes during its plasma-assisted growth
Authors: Sharma Umang , Sharma Suresh C.
Published: October 2018

The alignment and catalyst-assisted growth mechanism of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a hydrogen-diluted methane plasma are demonstrated in the present work. The consequence of plasma parameters (plasma density and temperature) and bias potential of the substrate on the sheath electric field is examined. The role of the electric field in the plasma sheath to provide the necessary electrostatic force and its repercussion on the carbon nanotubes alignment in the plasma are studied by taking into contemplation the steady state fluid equations, kinetics of the plasma sheath, charged species dynamics (positive ions and electrons) and neutral atoms in a reactive plasma, kinetics of the catalyst particle, and creation of atomic species of carbon and hydrogen over the surface of catalyst nanoparticle and incorporating various processes vital for the growth of carbon nanotube in plasma. Taking into deliberation the initial conditions and the glow discharge parameters determined experimentally for the model, the numerical solutions for the equations are obtained. The outcomes of the studies revealed that the alignment of the nanotube depends on the force exerted at the tip of CNTs, i.e., the catalyst nanoparticle. This force is a consequence of the plasma sheath electric field which is dependent on the plasma parameters and the bias voltage at the substrate. This electrostatic force is also dependent upon the dimensions of the nanotube growing in the plasma environment and modifies itself continuously conferring to the instantaneous nanotube measurement and alignment during the growth. The present study can be apprehended to manufacture carbon nanotubes aligned vertically in plasma for better applications in the areas of field emission devices. The results of the present study have been assessed and compared with the existing experimental observations which accredit the proposed mechanisms.
Fermi-Löwdin orbital self-interaction correction to magnetic exchange couplings
Authors: Joshi Rajendra P. , Trepte Kai , Withanage Kushantha P. K. , Sharkas Kamal , Yamamoto Yoh , Basurto Luis , Zope Rajendra R. , Baruah Tunna , Jackson Koblar A. , Peralta Juan E.
Published: October 2018

We analyze the effect of removing self-interaction error on magnetic exchange couplings using the Fermi-Löwdin orbital self-interaction correction (FLOSIC) method in the framework of density functional theory (DFT). We compare magnetic exchange couplings obtained from self-interaction-free FLOSIC calculations with the local spin density approximation (LSDA) with several widely used DFT realizations and wave function based methods. To this end, we employ the linear H–He–H model system, six organic radical molecules, and [Cu2Cl6]2− as representatives of different types of magnetic interactions. We show that the simple self-interaction-free version of LSDA improves calculated couplings with respect to LSDA in all cases, even though the nature of the exchange interaction varies across the test set, and in most cases, it yields results comparable to modern hybrids and range-separated approximate functionals.
Photolithographically fabricated silicon photonic crystal nanocavity photoreceiver with laterally integrated p-i-n diode
Authors: Binti Daud Nurul Ashikin , Tanabe Takasumi
Published: October 2018

We fabricated a SiO2-clad all-silicon high-Q integration of p-i-n diode with photonic crystal nanocavity to demonstrate channel selective photoreceiver operation at a speed of 0.1 Gbs-1 for telecom wavelength light. This SiO2-clad device is photolithographically fabricated with a fabrication method compatible with that used for a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor, and the structure allows future mass production. The dark current is as small as 37.6 pA, which is possible because of the all-silicon structure clad with SiO2. As a result of the low noise, the minimum detectable optical power is −20 dBm, while the footprint of this integrated device is a very small 50 μm2. The characteristics of this device may allow us to use it as a compact monitoring device for optical networks.
Functoriality of group trisections
Authors: Klug Michael
Published: October 2018

Significance

In three dimensions, it has been known for some time that, by using the fact that all three-manifolds admit Heegaard splittings, three-manifold topology can be understood to be in some sense equivalent to understanding maps from surface groups to free groups. Recently, a decomposition for smooth four-manifolds analogous to Heegaard splittings has been discovered and used to establish a similar group-theoretic framework for studying smooth four-manifolds. We review these constructions and show how they are in fact functorial.
Generalized trisections in all dimensions
Authors: Rubinstein J. Hyam , Tillmann Stephan
Published: October 2018

Significance

Decomposing a manifold into handles was introduced by Smale, from the study of the critical points of smooth real-valued functions. Here we study combinatorial functions from a manifold to a simplex and use them to decompose the manifold into simple building blocks. Given a description of a manifold as the quotient space of a union of

n

-dimensional simplices, this paper constructs multisections, which describe an

n

-dimensional manifold as a union of

k
+
1

n

-dimensional handlebodies, where

n
=
2
k

or

2
k
+
1
.

These handlebodies have disjoint interiors and subcollections intersect in submanifolds with spines of small dimension. The intersection of all of the handlebodies is the central submanifold

Σ
.

This submanifold

Σ

can be chosen to have a special structure called a nonnegatively curved cubing.