bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental and occupational exposures associated with male infertility
Authors: Marić Tihana , Fučić Aleksandra , Aghayanian Anna
Published: June 2021

The upsurge in male infertility over the last two decades, possibly due to environmental exposure, has raised significant interest, particularly boosted by reports from fertility clinics, which showed that chronic diseases and hereditary or other medical conditions might only partially explain current incidence of male infertility. Both environmental and occupational settings may have a significant role in exposure to complex mixtures of endocrine disruptors (ED), which play a major role in fertility disorders. The aim of this review is to give an insight into the current knowledge on exposure settings which may be associated with male infertility. Our study relied on a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between January 2000 and September 2020. It showed that some well documented factors associated with male infertility include smoking, and physiological disturbances or chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, which in turn, may also reflect lifestyle choices and environmental exposures, especially to EDs such as phthalates, bisphenols, pesticides, and flame retardants. However, the number of studies on the aetiology of male infertility is still too low in comparison with the size of affected population. Occupational health follow-ups and medical surveillance do not collect any data on male infertility, even though ED chemicals are part of many technological processes.
Dance and Movement Psychotherapy - description of the method and group sessions in General Psychiatric Ward
Authors: Drzał Ewelina , Łata Marcin
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Dance and movement psychotherapy is a psychotherapeutic approach, which assumes that expressive movement can reflect the emotional state of the moving person. It is a method in which movement is supposed to lead to personal integration and development, and the psychotherapist is supposed to create conditions in which emotions can be safely expressed and transmitted, and can meet with acceptance.

Material and method: The aim of this study is to describe a case series of patients treated at the General Psychiatric Ward who participated in group sessions of dance and movement psychotherapy (DMT), and to analyse the impact of psychotherapy on their treatment process. In 2019, 12 patients of the General Psychiatric Ward were included in dance and movement psychotherapy (DMT) sessions. The sessions took place once a week from October 2019 to December 2019 and lasted 1h and 10 min. A common element in movement that could be observed in most people in this group was tense shoulders and free forearms and hands. In addition, it was possible to observe in the group members compact flow, free time, multidirectionality, light weight according to the LMA System. Under the influence of the applied interventions it was possible to observe how the bodies of individual group members relax and their chests open. It was also observed how the participants activated their deep abdominal muscles and settled into the therapeutic space. At the same time it was apparent how the patients became attentive to their bodies and movement, which, in turn, translated into their sense of confidence and reduction in anxiety and tension.

Discussion: The main problem of semi-open groups is the impaired ability to integrate patients and the difficulty in finding trust and a sense of security. In addition, resistance to attachment naturally arises in group members. Patients do not have the opportunity to experience all stages of the development of the therapy group, especially the last one, the phase of ending psychotherapy. Nevertheless, the semi-open therapy group seems to have some advantages and some problems are highlighted, so that psychotherapeutic work on them can be deepened.

Conclusions: Although conducting a group process in a semi-open community is not a comfortable situation for the psychotherapist and the patients due to the difficulty of finding a sense of security and the naturally occurring resistance to attachment, the sessions seem to be very helpful in integrating the patients’ community and in dealing with the inner tensions of each member.
The Model of Degressive Taxation of Trucks: Case of the Czech Republic
Authors: Andrlík Břetislav , Podlasová Michaela
Published: June 2021

The article examines issues related to the design of road tax as an instrument supporting the operation of trucks that are more environment-friendly to the transport infrastructure. The Introduction presents analyses of road taxation in the European Union Member States, whose aim was to identify features supporting trucks that are eco-friendly with regard to the infrastructure. The principal part of the contribution is the formulation of a regression model of road tax rates, which is subjected to statistical, econometric and economic verification in order to confirm or disprove degressivity of road tax rates for trucks. The economic verification is based on typical examples of vehicles defined in Annex 2 to the text. The Conclusion presents the results achieved, which verify the degressive nature of road tax in the Czech Republic. The tax rates are degressive in relation to the number of truck axles; therefore, a proposal for the elimination of degressivity in the system of tax rates for trucks was designed based on the principle of fair taxation, which is also discussed in the contribution.
Luminescence Characteristics of Intraplate-Derived Olivines
Authors: Clark-Balzan Laine , May Venera R. , Preusser Frank
Published: June 2021

Olivine has so far attracted limited attention as a potential luminescence dosimeter. In particular, there is a dearth of information concerning the luminescence properties of geochemically characterised, pure olivine samples. Six well-characterised olivine samples from four intraplate settings are investigated in this study, including emission wavelengths and intensities, growth of signal with absorbed dose, signal stability and recovery of a given dose with a single aliquot regeneration (SAR) protocol. All tested olivines share a low-temperature (90–100°C) UV/blue thermoluminescence (TL) peak, and five of six samples also produce a low-temperature red/yellow emission. Higher temperature TL peaks, which would be thermally stable over geological timescales and could be used for dating, are rarely observed at low doses (c. 46 Gy), but detectable though dim at significantly higher doses (c. 460 Gy). Photostimulated luminescence (PSL) emissions are very dim, but reliably detected emissions are stimulated by blue, yellow and infrared (IR) light. PSL yielded generally successful dose recovery results; however, all tested signals are prone to significant anomalous fading and complex thermal transfer between unbleachable and bleachable traps. These characteristics must be addressed if olivine is to be used as a natural dosimeter for luminescence dating. Given the variety of luminescence responses, it appears that olivine samples in future dating work may need to be individually characterised prior to measurement.
Measuring and Communicating the Uncertainty in Official Economic Statistics
Authors: Mazzi Gian Luigi , Mitchell James , Carausu Florabela
Published: June 2021

Official economic statistics are uncertain even if not always interpreted or treated as such. From a historical perspective, this article reviews different categorisations of data uncertainty, specifically the traditional typology that distinguishes sampling from nonsampling errors and a newer typology of Manski (2015). Throughout, the importance of measuring and communicating these uncertainties is emphasised, as hard as it can prove to measure some sources of data uncertainty, especially those relevant to administrative and big data sets. Accordingly, this article both seeks to encourage further work into the measurement and communication of data uncertainty in general and to introduce the Comunikos (COMmunicating UNcertainty In Key Official Statistics) project at Eurostat. Comunikos is designed to evaluate alternative ways of measuring and communicating data uncertainty specifically in contexts relevant to official economic statistics.
Variation in perception of safety culture in out-of-hours family medicine service in Croatia
Authors: Mesarić Jasna , Šimić Diana , Deilkås Ellen Catharina Tveter , Hofoss Dag , Bondevik Gunnar Tschudi
Published: June 2021

Introduction

The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) is among the most frequently cited tools for measuring safety culture in healthcare settings. Its ambulatory version was used in this study. The aim was to assess safety culture in out-of-hours (OOH) family medicine service and its variation across job positions, regions, and respondents’ demographic characteristic.

Methods

A cross-sectional observational study was carried out targeting 358 health professionals working in the 29 largest Croatian healthcare centres providing out-of-hours family medicine service. The response rate was 51.7% (185 questionnaires). The questionnaire comprised 62 Likert items with 5 responses (fully disagree to fully agree). Scores of negatively worded items were reversed before analysis. Scores on the total scale and subscales were calculated as additive scores. The study included demographic data on gender, age, working experience, and job position. Repeated measurement analysis of variance was used to assess variation of Safety Attitudes Questionnaire – Ambulatory Version (SAQ-AV) sub-scales.

Results

Nurses assessed safety culture higher than did physicians and residents. Teamwork climate had higher scores than Ambulatory process of care and Organizational climate. Stress recognition and Perceptions of workload had the lowest overall scores. Variation across gender, age, working experience, and region was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

SAQ-AV can be used to identify areas for improvement in patient safety at OOH GPs. There is a need to improve staffing and support for OOH GP residents. Further research is needed in order to gain better understanding of factors influencing observed variations among job positions.
A few remarks on the (im)perfection of the term securities: a theoretical study
Authors: Tomáš PERÁČEK
Published: June 2021

This theoretical study is primarily anchored in the area of economic theory, legal theory and law. It seeks a multidisciplinary and comparative examination of issues, the concept and regulation of which remains largely unfinished in the international economic, legal environment and in the decades of professional and laconic debates. Not only in economic terms, there are numbers of unanswered questions in the long term, not only in economic practice. However, as the concept of a security is a matter of non-economic interest as well as legal theorists, the answers to the lack of clarity and difficulties are quite difficult to find. The aim of the study is to contribute to the correct economic and theoretical definition of a key concept in the field of securities. The setting of this objective is based directly on needs and emerging practical problems in business practice. Indeed, their proper understanding and application has a fundamental impact on the contractual trading of securities in global terms. In connection with the processing of the matter, we have applied primarily qualitative methods, having regard to the nature of the subject of the matter under examination (methodological and economic terms). However, we also make use of scientific literature, case-law and the analogy of law, providing our contribution with qualifying responses to the pitfalls of economic and legal practices.
A comparative assessment of the agency concept, with special regard to the Romanian approach
Authors: Ioan SCHIAU
Published: June 2021

The concept of agency was developed and refined in the common law system and, thereafter, imported in the continental civil law system where was confronted with the classic institution of the mandate, based on the representation principle. The modern context of the commerce globalisation and the need to assimilate legal instruments that are often used in the international trade, determined the global and European lawmakers to seek a proper harmonised regulation for the agency contract. Romania produced a first regulation of agency through Law 509/2002 regarding the permanent commercial agents and, thereafter,continued the process through the incorporation of the subject in the Civil Code. This paper examines the conformity of the European and Romanian regulations regarding the agency with the initial concept that, purportedly, inspired the afore said lawmakers.
Dirty work och professionalisering
Authors: Holmberg Linnéa
Published: June 2021

The concept of teaching, previously primarily reserved for formal school activities, has today a prominent position in the educational assignment for preschool and school-age educare. The study examines how this concept is managed by preschool- and school-age educare teachers and highlights how talking about teaching seems both troublesome and useful. Analytical interest is directed at how discursive boarder work is staged in order to preserve existing professional territories but also to gain new legitimacy. The use of the concept of teaching risks undermining the specificity of the professional roles and is described as an undesirable task – dirty work. At the same time, the concept serves as a usable resource to enhance the credibility of preschool and school-age educare teachers. Talking of teaching seems appropriate to use outwards, to show that the changes in the professional assignment are complied with. However, it seems inappropriate to apply the concept of teaching in the actual work with children. Therefore, the concept –imposed by educational policy authorities – does not change the work of preschool and school-age educare teachers but, nevertheless. contributes to its professionalization.
Зарождение таможен в Древнем Китае
Authors: НИКОЛАЕВ А. М.
Published: June 2021

Рассматривается процесс появления таможен в Древнем Китае задолго до наступления нашей эры. На основе доступных литературных источников формулируются цели и задачи создания таможенных застав, перечисляются их функции. Приводятся дошедшие до нас сведения об элементах структуры сухопутных таможен, размерах взимавшихся таможенных платежей и о зародившихся в давние времена формах таможенного контроля.
Cyanoacrylate injection complications: septic emboli and abscess within the falciform ligament - a case report
Authors: Morales-Cruz Mariana , Valdés Daniel Zamora , Velázquez Paulina Moctezuma , Castro Romero Emma Laura , Armendáriz Edgar Martos , Mercado Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2021

Background:

Falciform ligament abscesses are uncommon. The few cases reported in the literature are associated with infectious or inflammatory conditions such as acute cholecystitis and omphalitis in pediatric patients. However, it has only been rarely described as a complication for some therapeutic procedures.

Case Presentation:

A 23-year-old female with primary portal vein thrombosis, portal hypertension, and gastric varices with a history of upper gastrointestinal bleedings. The last episode required cyanoacrylate injection. After administering the injection, septic emboli obstructed the splenic vein causing the recanalization and thrombosis of the paraumbilical veins. Therefore, an abscess formed within the falciform ligament. The treatment consisted of surgical drainage and antibiotics.

Conclusion:

Diagnosis of falciform ligament abscesses requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and vast knowledge of anatomy. It is important to recognize its pathophysiology and consider the possible differential diagnosis to offer the best approach and treatment for its underlying cause.
Chemical constituents from Piper betle L. Var Nigra (Piperaceae)
Authors: Prasetya Fajar , Salam Supriatno , Rahmadani Agung , Kuncoro Hadi , Rusli Rolan
Published: June 2021

Two fatty acid derivatives, 2-octenoic acid and 2-hexenoic acid were isolated from the extract of n-hexane of the Piper betle L. Var. Nigra (Piperaceae). The chemical structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and compared to previously reported spectra. These isolated compounds appear for the first time in the plant.
Manipulation of sunflower population density and herbicide rate for economical and sustainable weed management
Authors: ŠTEFANIĆ EDITA , ANTUNOVIĆ SLAVICA , JAPUNDŽIĆ-PALENKIĆ BOŽICA , ZIMA DINKO
Published: June 2021

Field study tested weed control efficacy, crop yield and economic return using various weed management strategies in sunflower growing with different population density. Treatments included four rates of PRE emergence application of S-metolachlor + fluchloridon and one POST emergence application of flumioxazin + quizalofop-pethyl. PRE-em application (1.4 + 2.4 and 1.2 + 2.0) provided at the higher crop densities (70 000) best weed control. However, PRE- em treatments with lower doses (0.8 + 1.6 and 1.0 + 1.8) and POST- em application did not maintain acceptable control of dominant weeds. Grain yield increased with the crop density, but did not statistically differ between applied herbicide treatments. Finally, the implication of this study demonstrated that sole application of tested herbicide treatments at higher crop sowing density (60 000 and 70 000) was found to be economically the best alternative strategy for reducing weed infestation and achieving a better yield.
The Ruminal Acidosis’s effect over the Milk production in dairy Cows
Authors: BOGHIAN VASILE
Published: June 2021

The ruminal acidosis is a decrease in the ruminal pH by the accumulation of acidic metabolites at this level. As a result, the proportion of ruminal volatile fatty acids and glycaemia changes with immediate repercussions on the milk production. Of the total ruminant-reticular indigestions diagnosed in a lot of 370 cows, 37.9% were represented by ruminal acidosis. Out of these, most of the cases (90.9%) had a subacute evolution, which implies difficulties of diagnosis under farm conditions. On the other hand, the amount of milk was, on average, smaller with 1.7 liters in cows with ruminal acidosis compared to the clinically healthy cows. Milk fat decreased from 3.8% to 2.8% in sick cows, by an average of 1% and had a coefficient of variation of individual values almost double compared to the values obtained in clinically healthy cows. This shows the direct implication of ruminal acidosis over milk production. Appart of ruminal paresis and indigestion, milk production’s impairment is an important clinical sign in most of the dairy cows with ruminal acidosis.
PEMENUHAN HAK ANAK DI INDONESIA MELALUI PERENCANAAN PENGASUHAN, PENGASUHAN TUNGGAL DAN PENGASUHAN BERSAMA
Authors: Saraswati Rika , Boputra Emanuel , Kusniati Yuni
Published: June 2021

In many countries, joint custody has replaced and is considered better than sole custody. It is also deemed more in line with the gender equality principle which demands both parents to share responsibility for the custody and care of the child post-divorce. This article discusses how judges in divorce cases decide on child custody, and the extent to which they consider the merits of joint or sole custody and demand divorcees to consider making a parenting plan in the best interest of their children.  Qualitative data is collected from the District Court and Religious Court at Semarang and by analysing 4 court decisions regarding child custody.  Interestingly, none of the Courts above possess or implements a policy or have some procedural ruling obligating judges in divorce cases to demand parents to consider joint custody or making a parenting plan post-divorce. Obligatory pre-trial mediation is geared more as a procedural-formalistic attempt to dissuade parties to continue with divorce.
INTERVENSI YUDISIAL DALAM ISU HUBUNGAN PUSAT–DAERAH: STUDI TERHADAP PRAKTIK MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI
Authors: Kurnia Titon Slamet
Published: June 2021

The legal issue to be discussed in this article is the involvement of the Constitutional Court in adjudicating issues concerning the relationship between national – local government in general, and the distribution of power to the local government in particular. To be more specific, this article will criticise by delivering a casenote over the Constitutional Court decisions, i.e. Decision Number 87/PUU-XIII/2015, Decision Number 137/PUU-XIII/2015, Decision Number 30/PUU-XIV/2016 and Decision Number 56/PUU-XIV/2016. The casenote will notify the need to a deeper conceptual understanding of the differences between unitary State and federalism principles and its implication in giving prescriptions. This is a response to the Constitutional Court’s judicial opinion which tends weightier to federalism, instead of unitary State principle. According to this situation, it is recommended that the Constitutional Court should not review the constitutionality of laws which contain the legal issues concerning the relationship between national – local government in general, and the distribution of power to the local government in particular. This article uses conceptual and comparative approaches.
Emigrant’s fate in the image of the protagonist in the novel “Katya the Chinese” by D. A. Prigov
Authors: Li Gen
Published: June 2021

This article is dedicated to the analysis of peculiarities of representation of emigrant’s fate in the novel “Katya the Chinese” by the contemporary Russian writer Dmitri Prigov. The subject of this research is the system of characters in the novel, namely the images of the protagonist Katya and her nanny. This is an interdisciplinary research with emphasis on the cultural-historical and hermeneutical methods. The plotline of the novel revolves around the life of the girl Katya, the daughter of the representative of white émigré in China. The role of an intermediary in Katya’s adaptation to the civilizational space of China was played by her nanny, since she was a typical representative of the “people” and an exemplary bearer of Chinese traditional culture. The author aims to comprehensively examine the plotline of the novel through the prism of the processes of cultural assimilation, which defines the novelty of this research. The conclusion lies in outlining the stages of the protagonist’s assimilation to the cultural space of China: language, social, behavioral, and spiritual. The article indicates the effectiveness of studying the novel in the context of the history of white émigré. The heroine's departure from China makes her to reconsider personal identity, which in many ways has become “Chinese”. The story of the girl Katya allows the author to describe the emigrant’s fate, who is forced to spend his life upon the road and constantly adapt to foreign cultural spaces.
El testamento de Cristóbal García Salmerón: un documento inédito de un pintor olvidado
Authors: Casal Valencia Sonia
Published: June 2021

Cristóbal García Salmerón fue un pintor barroco de notable calidad que desarrolló buena parte de su carrera en su Cuenca natal. Hacia mediados del siglo XVII, aunque en fecha incierta, se traslada a Madrid donde reside hasta su muerte, siendo su testamento el último de los numerosos documentos que se han hallado sobre la vida de este artista en la villa. Este interesante escrito permite conocer parte del círculo social y familiar de García Salmerón, así como constatar que esta última etapa del pintor estuvo marcada por las deudas y el descenso de su patrimonio.
Sobre Abraham Willemsens y el éxito del tema de Moisés salvado de las aguas dentro de su producción
Authors: Díaz Padrón Matías
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se estudian varios cobres de Moisés salvado de las aguas del pintor flamenco Abraham Willemsens, artista largo tiempo confundido con el Monogramista AW, y del que damos las claves para su individualización. También se sugiere identificar al Monogramista AW con Anthonis Willemsen, activo en Amberes de 1649 a 1691. Esta composición de Moisés salvado de las aguas está inspirada en modelos de Rubens y sus seguidores. El resultado tuvo gran éxito y fue repetida en numerosas ocasiones por otros artistas.
Musik, Sprache und Natur in Theorien französischer Aufklärer. Die Kontroverse Rameau - Rosseau und darüber hinaus (Chabanon, Morellet, Marmontel)
Authors: Sühring Peter
Published: June 2021

Ist Musik wirklich eine autonome Kunst, unabhängig von nicht-musikalischen Bedeutungen und Zeichensystemen? Sie ist es wirklich, weil sie von der menschlichen Fähigkeit herrührt, jegliche Sache von Geist und Charakter auf eine ihr eigene Weise und mit nur ihr eigenen Mitteln darzustellen. Rein-musikalische Ereignisse können geschaffen werden, die mit außermusikalischen Assoziationen verknüpft werden können, aber nicht müssen. Diese Hypothese wird mit Theorien aus der Französischen Aufklärung konfrontiert. Die beiden berühmtesten unter ihnen, die kontroversen Positionen von Rameau und Rousseau, erklärten, dass Musik von Natur und Sprache bedingt ist – aber in verschiedenen Graden und auf unterschiedlichen Wegen. Noch radikalere Theorien von Chabanon, Morellet, Marmontel bestritten dies, wie auch spätere musiktheoretische Äußerungen bis ins 19. und 20.Jahrhundert hinein (Nietzsche, Jacobsthal, Alain). Rameaus Theorien werden als bis ins 20.Jahrhunderts hinein wirksam aufgezeigt. Goethe wird durch seine Kommentare zu Diderots Rameaus Neffe als ausgleichender Richter über die Kontrahenten vorgestellt.
КАЛОРИМЕТРИЯ ФАЗОВЫХ ПРЕВРАЩЕНИЙ АЗОТИРОВАННОГО СЛОЯ В НИТРОЛЛОЯХ
Authors: Спивак Л.В. , Щепина Н.Е. , Богданов В.В. , Оборин А.В. , Солдаткин Л.Н.
Published: June 2021

С использрванием сканирующей дифференциальной калориметрии проведено исследование фазовых превращений в стали 38Х2МЮА и азотированном слое, полученном ионным азотировании. При нагреве стали в межкритическом интервале температур (между точками Ас1 и Ас3) можно выделить два эндотермических участка, Рh1 и Рh2. Первый из них относится к переходу перлита в аустенит. Второй – отвечает некоторому новому эффекту. В углеродистых сталях с близким содержанием углерода этот эндотермический эффект отсутствует. При охлаждении этой стали после аустенизации между точками Ar3 и Ar1 не фиксируются особенности, характерные для сталей с тем же содержанием углерода. При нагреве азотированного слоя обнаружено в нем пртекание фазовых переходов, обусловленных присутствием высокоазотистых фаз e и g’. В межкритическом интервале температур не наблюдается эффекты, характерные для этой стали в отсутствии азота. Однако при охлаждении в межкритическом интервале температур регистрируется заметный экзотермический эффект, отсутствующий в этой стали без азота. Показано, что даже после диссоциации фаз e и g’ и частичной эвакуации азота, при последующем термоциклтровании последствия введения азота сохраняются во всем межкритическом интервале температур.
Stepwise transmigration of T- and B cells through a perivascular channel in high endothelial venules
Authors: Choe Kibaek , Moon Jieun , Lee Soo Yun , Song Eunjoo , Back Ju Hee , Song Joo-Hye , Hyun Young-Min , Uchimura Kenji , Kim Pilhan
Published: June 2021

High endothelial venules (HEVs) effectively recruit circulating lymphocytes from the blood to lymph nodes. HEVs have endothelial cells (ECs) and perivascular sheaths consisting of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs). Yet, post-luminal lymphocyte migration steps are not well elucidated. Herein, we performed intravital imaging to investigate post-luminal T- and B-cell migration in popliteal lymph node, consisting of trans-EC migration, crawling in the perivascular channel (a narrow space between ECs and FRCs) and trans-FRC migration. The post-luminal migration of T cells occurred in a PNAd-dependent manner. Remarkably, we found hot spots for the trans-EC and trans-FRC migration of T- and B cells. Interestingly, T- and B cells preferentially shared trans-FRC migration hot spots but not trans-EC migration hot spots. Furthermore, the trans-FRC T-cell migration was confined to fewer sites than trans-EC T-cell migration, and trans-FRC migration of T- and B cells preferentially occurred at FRCs covered by CD11c+ dendritic cells in HEVs. These results suggest that HEV ECs and FRCs with perivascular DCs delicately regulate T- and B-cell entry into peripheral lymph nodes.
Using SDR receivers for UAV detection
Authors:   University of Zilina, Dianovský Robert , Novák Andrej
Published: June 2021

As the number of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) increases, new dangers arise for airports and other facilities. Because of this, the need for UAV detection and monitoring in areas, that might be endangered by their operation, is becoming an important topic. Introductory chapters are dedicated to the identification of potential risks posed by UAV operations and research of existing monitoring methods. The main goal of the paper, about which is this article, is to research the possibility of UAV detection by using accessible amateur SDR (Software-Defined Radio) for intercepting radio communications between UAV and its control station. Possible radio detection and localization methods were proposed based on the analysis of radio transmissions used in unmanned aerial systems. A simple theoretical design of SDR-based detection and localization system for monitoring unauthorized UAVs was developed by choosing appropriate methods. The principles and methods used in the design were experimentally demonstrated in several laboratory experiments. Successful realization of this design would possibly improve the availability of drone monitoring systems and reduce their production costs.
The airspace of SR and its protection
Authors:   University of Zilina, Fábryová Natália , Novák Sedláčková Alena
Published: June 2021

The paper deals with international regulations of airspace of the Slovak republic and its protection. The paper is focused on the sovereignty airspace and free route airspace. The state has complete and absolute sovereignty over the airspace located above its territory. Airspace protection is important for ensuring territorial inviolability of the Slovak republic. There are defined the categories and classes of airspace. The last chapter consist of a NATO Integrated Air and Missile Defence System, its history and especially its function. In this chapter is defined the idea of „air policing “, which means the protection of airspace itself that is performed during the peace. In this part is described the position of emergency fighter pilots at Airport Sliac and model situations, but also the real situations, when Slovak emergency fighter pilots had to interfere against the aircraft that lost connection with air traffic management.
Weather influence on flight in mountain terrain
Authors:   University of Zilina, Galko Róbert , Jarošová Miriam
Published: June 2021

The aim of the paper is to approach and get acquainted with meteorological elements that occur in mountain areas and how their occurrence affects the fluidity and safety of air traffic. The first part of the work was devoted to the history of observing meteorological conditions together with the development of monitored variables, their measurement scales and units used. Subsequently, climatology and meteorology were specified as scientific disciplines and weather in general. Furthermore, in the work we discussed in more detail the part of the atmosphere where the biggest changes in the weather and its creation take place. To illustrate the importance of monitoring and not underestimating meteorological phenomena, we emphasized the failure of the human factor in the most tragic aviation accident that occurred on the island of Tenerife. In the penultimate part of the theoretical part, we paid attention to the meteorological elements themselves, which have the greatest impact on aviation in mountainous areas. In the last theoretical part, we talked about aerial weather reports, which we also decoded. In the practical part, we characterized the airport Poprad-Tatry in terms of location in relation to the surrounding mountains and observed how the investigated meteorological elements affect the area.
Legislative framework for an aircraft maintenance technician
Authors:   University of Zilina, Máčadi Marek , Novák Sedláčková Alena
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to create up-to-date aviation legislations study material focused on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and appliances, and on the approval of organisations and personnel involved in these tasks for future students of aircraft maintenance technology at the Air Transport Department, FPEDAS of the University of Žilina. As a relatively new studying programme, it has a lack of study materials in the field of aviation legislation, mainly in the field of aviation maintenance, whether in terms of technical requirements of aircrafts airworthiness or their certification. The first chapter of the paper is focused on a brief acquaintance with the history of aircraft maintenance and procedures applied in aircraft maintenance. We point to the modern history of aircraft maintenance, including EU legislation. In the second chapter, the work focuses on the international legal regulation of this issue as well as on the position of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the European Civil Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and their activities in this area. In the following chapters, the paper deals with the current regulations of the EU Commission and Parts important not only for aircraft maintenance technicians, but also for training organizations in the field of aviation maintenance. In the end the paper deals with legislation necessary for the certification of an aircraft and requirements that are applied in the operation procedures of any civil aircraft for the purposes of commercial air transport.
Increasing the safety of operation of unmanned aerial vehicles in adverse meteorological conditions
Authors:   University of Zilina, Psárska Vanesa Viktória , Ažaltovič Viliam
Published: June 2021

Primary obstacle in using unmanned aerial vehicles are adverse meteorological conditions. To allow more usage options in day-to-day life, it is neccesary to increase safety in such conditions. The topic of this paper is analysing possible solutions. First part discusses the current state of art and describes systems currently used. It defined meteorological conditions such as low temperature, wind, humidity and low visibility. It describes their influence on usage of remote controlled aircraft and change in their flight characteristics. Next part is devoted to analysing possible solutions and their applicability. The objective was to find out how to increase safety during adverse meteorological conditions and which technologies are best for achieving this result. Selected technologies have shown great potential and options for increasing safety are plentyfull.
Calculation and simulation of the parachutist's movement from the jump from the aircraft to landing on the ground
Authors:   University of Zilina, Beník Martin , Kováčik Ľubomír
Published: June 2021

In this article, we focus on the movement of the parachutist from the jump from the plane to the impact on the ground. By creating a mathematical model based on Newton's second law, we create simulations, based on which we can determine whether the movement of a parachutist after jumping from a plane is a "free fall", or whether the action of forces and his position in the air affects the direction of his flight.
The coronacrisis and its impact on changes in civil aviation legislation
Authors:   University of Zilina, Verhaar Robert , Novák Sedláčková Alena
Published: June 2021

The paper deals with the analysis of the impact of the coronacrisis on civil aviation legislation. Its main goal is to analyse the impact of the coronacrisis and some of the measures taken to mitigate this impact on civil aviation. The paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter is focused on the analysis of the onset of the crisis in civil aviation caused by the spread of the COVID-19 disease and has also present the previous crises in the field of civil aviation, that had impact on civil aviation. In addition, this part of the article is focused on impacts of the coronacrisis on the condition of the civil aviation sector worldwide. The second chapter is devoted to some measures and methods proposed to mitigate the impacts of the coronacrisis on civil aviation and focuses and analyses some of the measures taken to mitigate the impact of the coronacrisis on the civil aviation. In the next chapter we describe the situation in the EU, subsequent legislation changes that were supposed to mitigate the situation as well as explaining the approach of individual EU member states to state aid towards air transport at present and the EU’s position on the issue. The fourth and last chapter describes the position of the Slovak Republic and the proposed solutions to the situation.
Investigation of air accidents and their benefits for safety in CR and SR
Authors:   University of Zilina, Broczky Filip , Novák Andrej
Published: June 2021

The aim of this article is to focus on the facts in the field of air accidents and to analyse the current situation, which could help to address the shortcomings. Air transport has been evolving over the years, resulting in some reduction in the number of air accidents. In the first part, I analyse the current state of the topic, compare the data obtained and evaluate them, which gives me a better overview of the actual events. In the second part, I deal directly with the individual steps of the investigation and their sequence. In the following sections, I analyse selected accidents and then try to work out a proposal for a solution that could be beneficial for air safety.
Flying in wave conditions, priciple of lfying in wave, history and dangers
Authors:   University of Zilina, Bajana Ivan , Jarošová Miriam
Published: June 2021

Flying in wave is becoming increasingly popular for pilots of gliders and sport engine airplanes. The growing trend of flying inwave conditions can be seen not only in Slovakia but almost all over the world The reason for the increase in the number of the high-altitude flights in the wave is their great potential, which has been demostrated several times in the record books. On the cotrary, for navigation and training flights, the occurence of wave current is unsuitable. It brings with it great risks and dangers that have ended tragically many times in history. For this reason, there is a long and extesive meteorological preparation behind the wave flights. The aim of wave conditions research is to provide information on how to predict wave flow, under what conditions and with at least what equipment it is possible to fly sadely in wave current and what pitfalls and risks wave wave brings with it. The result is a range of information that can be used not only for flights into the wave but also for normal navigation or training flights.
Respuesta de variedades de trigo harinero en tres tipos de suelo del norte de México
Authors: Flores-Márgez Juan Pedro , Corral-Díaz Baltazar , Osuna-Ávila Pedro , Hernández-Escamilla Joel A.
Published: June 2021

Es necesario actualizar la tecnología sobre la respuesta agronómica de nuevas variedades de trigo con relación a condiciones agroclimáticas con el fin de dar alternativas de mayores rendimientos y calidad de grano. El objetivo del estudio consistió en probar en tres tipos de suelo en el noroeste del estado de Chihuahua para las siguientes semillas de trigo: Rayón-F89, Roelfs-F2007, Norteña-F2007, Cachanilla-F2000, Delicias-F81, Kronstad-F2004 y Luminaria-F2012. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones; donde la unidad experimental fue de 1 m2 y las medias fueron separadas con la comparación múltiple con la prueba de Tukey al 0.05. Las practicas agronómicas fueron conforme las del manejo del agricultor. Se registraron los datos de las siguientes variables: contenido de proteína en grano, altura de la planta, humedad de grano, peso hectolítrico, longitud de la espiga, granos por espiga, rendimiento grano y biomasa total. Resultados relevantes en cuanto a rendimiento de grano por tipo de suelo, fueron: la variedad Rayón F-89 con 9.32 Mg ha-1 en sitio El Camello (suelo Calcisol); la variedad Kronstad con 7.9 Mg ha-1 en el sitio El Capulín (suelo Vertisol); y la variedad Roelfs con 11.3 Mg ha-1 en el sitio Placitas (suelo Fluvisol). No se detectó efecto significativo entre variedades para peso hectolítrico. La proteína en grano fluctuó de 10.4 a 16.7% y el mayor contenido fue en la variedad Delicias en suelo Fluvisol; es decir, el efecto genotípico fue más significante que la localidad para la variable proteína de grano. Se recomiendan las variedades Kronstad, Roelfs y Rayón para las zonas productoras del noroeste del estado de Chihuahua.
An improved method for extraction of microbial DNA from alkaline-saline soil
Authors: Pérez-Hernández Valentín , Hernández-Guzmán Mario , Valenzuela-Encinas César , Alcántara-Hernández Rocío , Estrada-Alvarado Isabel , Dendooven Luc , Marsch Rodolfo , Gutiérrez-Miceli Federico , Ruíz-Valdiviezo Víctor M. , Montes-Molina Joaquín A.
Published: June 2021

A modified method for the direct extraction of DNA from alkaline-saline soils with minimum DNA fragmentation and a possible reduction in chimera formation during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed. The commercial extraction kit Power Soil DNA (Mo Bio™ Laboratories, Inc.) was used as a reference technique. The method reported here was based on cell lysis employing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and cell disruption with mechanical force with FastPrep-24™ equip followed by one cycle of freezing at -40 °C for 60 min and thawing at 65 °C for 20 min. The extraction method was tested for allophonic soils with large concentrations of organic matter, fulvic and humic acids, electrolytic conductivity (EC) ranging between 2.6 dS m-1 and 39.9 dS m-1, and pH between 8.8 and 10.9. The yield of DNA extracted depended on soil type, i.e., DNA extracted from soil varied between 2.35 (Texcoco-2) to 3.66 (Texcoco-1) μg DNA g-1 soil. The proposed method in this study produced enough DNA with yield and quality for PCR amplification of 16S rDNA when bovine serum albumin (BSA) was added to the reaction buffer. The DNA obtained had sufficient quality and yield for later use for 16S sequencing or possible use in other sequencing technologies, e.g. whole metagenome shotgun sequencing.
SPECIFICITY OF MANAGING THE CROSS-BORDER MOVEMENT OF SPECIAL GOODS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF TRANSPLANTATION)
Authors:   Stavropol Institute of Cooperation (branch) of the Belgorod University of Cooperation, Glaz Yu.A. , Martseva T.G. ,   Novorossiysk Institute (branch) Autonomous Non-profit Organization of Higher Education «Moscow Humanitarian and Economic University», Harahodi E.V. ,   Novorossiysk Institute (branch) Autonomous Non-profit Organization of Higher Education «Moscow Humanitarian and Economic University»
Published: June 2021

Modern economic relations are the private sector of public relations. The rapid development of markets, the complication of commodity-money relations, the development of service, scientific and technological progress, new means and methods of business have covered the key spheres of life: health care, education, social security, etc. The article reveals the economic and legal aspect of the regulation of relations in the field of transplantology. The authors noted that the sphere of transplantation in the socio-economic development of countries and the world community as a whole is an integral part of the medical sphere, contributing to the solution of the issue of life and death, can be attributed to the key interests of national security. This determines the relevance of the topic. Donor bodies are a particularly significant category of goods, considered by specialists not only from the point of view of bioethical norms, but also from the point of view of legality, pricing and methods of government regulation. The imperfection of the mechanism of state regulation, the specifics of registration and transportation, the lack of effective logistics are noted by the authors as a complex of problems requiring solution. The novelty of the research is predetermined by the analysis of the key norms of international law that predetermine the mechanism of the transboundary movement of donor organs. The direction of the vector of policy of individual states and the international community in the development of the market for donor organs is in direct proportion. This, in turn, requires the development of solutions both in the field of legal support for the legality of operations for the receipt, distribution and use of donor organs, as well as the development of a unified policy of coordinated interaction.
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OIL RESOURCE MARKET AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS IMPACT ON OIL PRODUCING COMPANIES
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Litonin Ya.K.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the oilfield services market, deduces its main trends, considers the issue of increasing the efficiency and quality of oilfield services. The prospects for the development of oil service divisions in oil producing companies are assessed. Analysis and evaluation are carried out based on financial statements, as well as open data from official websites.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND CONTENT OF THE CATEGORIES «INNOVATION PROCESS» AND «INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY» (QUESTIONS OF THEORY AND METHODOLOGY)
Authors:   Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia (Odintsovo), Stepanov A.A , Savina M.V. ,   Russian state social university, Stepanov I.A ,   Kotelniki Branch of the Dubna State University
Published: June 2021

Based on a critical analysis of the authors’ various points of view on the content of the concepts of “innovation process” and “innovation activity” from the standpoint of modern concepts of innovation management in the era of information and digital transformation, the features of interrelated categories of the innovation process and innovation activity reflecting transformational changes in the moment are clarified and disclosed and the perspective of an innovative economic paradigm and perceived through the specifics and features of functional process-activity metamorphoses.
Специфіка наративу в судовому дискурсі США
Authors: Зайцева Маргарита , Пелепейченко Людмила
Published: June 2021

Стаття присвячена виявленню специфічних ознак наративу в дискурсі змагальної судової системи. Показано, що в судовому наративі виокремлюються константні і змінні ознаки, обґрунтовано їхні характеристики. Доведено, що зміст наративу та комунікативні стратегії, тактики, ходи відрізняються у обвинувачів і адвокатів: основною специфічною ознакою наративу обвинувачів є синкретизм функцій наративу і персуазиву, а адвокатів – синкретизм функцій наративу, персуазиву та рефутативу.