bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IntvalPy — a Python Interval Computation Library
Authors: Androsov A. S. , Shary S. P.
Published: June 2023

The article presents the IntvalPy library which implements interval computations in Python. Unlike other existing interval libraries, IntvalPy allows one to work with both classical interval arithmetic and complete Kaucher interval arithmetic. In addition, the library was developed taking into account the IEEE 1788-2015 standard for interval arithmetic on digital computers, which guarantees high accuracy of the results and compatibility with the other existing software products. The top-level functionality of the IntvalPy library implements state-of-the-art methods for recognizing and estimating solution sets for interval linear systems of equations, computing their formal solutions, and visualizing solution sets for interval equations and systems of equations. As an example of the library application, we solve the practically important problem of estimating the parameters of the electrochemical process of the formation of loose metal powder precipitates. Additionally, numerical computation was carried out, as well as qualitative comparisons with other interval libraries, in order to demonstrate the functionality and optimality of implemented interval classes.
A Markov Chain - Based Method for JPEG Image Steganalysis and Its Application in Combination with Various Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Prokofieva A. V. , Shniperov A. N.
Published: June 2023

The paper proposes a method of extracting the feature vector of images, which makes it possible to effectively detect the presence of hidden information in JPEG images embedded by various popular steganography tools. This method is based on the usage of the transition probability matrix. The essence of the method for extracting the feature vector of the image is to use the transition probability matrix and apply the image calibration method to improve the accuracy of steganalysis and reduce the number of false positives. For each image from the training and test sets a feature vector is found in this way, the number of elements is 324. Further, the models were trained on the training dataset by each of machine learning methods separately: decision trees with gradient boosting, linear models, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machines, neural networks, and artificial immune systems. To assess the capacity of the models the following metrics were used: accuracy, the rate of the false positive and false negative errors, and the confusion matrix. The results of classification by each of the above methods are given. For training and testing a dataset IStego100K was used, which consists of 208 thousand images of the same size 1024 x 1024 with different quality values in the range from 75 to 95. One of the J-UNIWARD, nsF5, and UERD steganography algorithms was used to embed a hidden message. As a result, we can observe that the proposed approach to extracting the feature vector makes it possible to detect the presence of hidden information embedded by non-adaptive steganography (Steghide, OutGuess and nsF5) in static JPEG images with high accuracy (more than 95%). However, for adaptive steganography methods (J-UNIWARD, UERD) the accuracy is less (about 50-60%).
Improving Early Childhood Fine Motor Development Through Weaving Activities
Authors: Ilham Kamaruddin  , Achmad Abdul Azis  , Mohammad Syahru Assabana  , Arif ismunandar  , Duwi Meilina
Published: June 2023

Early childhood fine motor development can be obtained through supportive learning media. One of them is with paper media. Children can crumple the paper and make patterns on paper with paper media. In this study, the use of writing as a medium is used for weaving activities from articles. In addition to utilizing form as a learning medium, weaving activities are an Indonesian cultural heritage that must be introduced to the next generation early. This research is a class action research, while the object is carried out on 25 RA children in Lampung. The results of this study indicate that most children's motor skills can develop as expected (BSH) through weaving activities with paper in children. Weaving activities can train children's skills in coordinating their eyes and hands, especially finger movements, to stimulate skills in controlling actions involving small or delicate muscles.
Developing English-Based Pop Up Book Media to Increase the Early Childhood’s Motivation
Authors: Suhono  , Wiwied Pratiwi  , Bambang Ariyanto  , Andi Lala
Published: June 2023

This study aims to develop a Pop Up Book media for increasing motivations early childhood. Therefore, learning media is needed that can facilitate students in learning, one of which is Pop Up Book media. Pop-up book media. Pop-up books are books that have moving parts or have three-dimensional elements and provide a more interesting visualization of the story, starting from the display of images that can move when the page is opened. With the guidance of the teacher, students can write descriptive text by looking at the pictures and vocabulary in the Pop Up Book. The design of this research is research and development or research (R&D).The development model used is ADDIE (analysis, design, development, evaluation, implementation) using the Dick and carry development model. The results of this study indicate that the level of product feasibility by material experts and media experts is included in the valid category and is suitable for use but needs to be revised. From the results of the design expert data, the results of the Pop-Up Book learning media are valid and feasible to be applied learning to increase early childhood’s motivations. Based on the results of the validation that has been carried out by the material expert, it can be seen that validation of the material expert obtained an average score of 96,66% With the criteria “very good”. And based on the validation results that have been carried out by design experts, it can be seen that the value is 96% with criteria “very good”.
Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Mathematics Learning and Cooperative Learning Models with the Object of Elementary School Students
Authors: Dema Yulianto  , Nur Ainun  , Emy Yunita Rahma Pratiwi  , Isfauzi Hadi Nugroho  , Naila Fikrina Afrih Lia
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the cooperative learning model on elementary school students' mathematics learning. Meta-analysis is the technique employed. The elementary school sample study, which covered experimental work using cooperative learning methods in math instruction, covered a range of 18 students. A coding sheet that compiles data and journal entries serves as the instrument in use. The average value of the effect, 0.39, falls into the large effect group according to an analysis of the overall effect's magnitude. The analysis's conclusions also demonstrate that the cooperative learning approach has an impact on math instruction at the primary school level.
Analysis of the Relationship between Fine Motor Skills and Montage Activities in Early Childhood
Authors: Slamet Riyadi  , Muhammad Darwis  , Tukiyo  , Mas’ud Muhammadiah  , Didik Cahyono
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to determine the fine motor skills of kindergarten children through montage activities. The method used in this study is pre-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects in this study were children aged 5–6 years. The study involved all children, consisting of 8 children. In this study, all children participated in the pre-test to determine the initial condition of fine motor skills, then were given treatment using montage activities. A post-test was conducted to determine the final condition of the children before and after being given treatment. The data collection techniques used are observation, documentation, and tests. The data obtained is in the form of scores and is then processed using statistical methods. The data analysis techniques used in this research are the normality test and the t-test. It is proven that montage activities affect children's fine motor skills based on the paired sample t-test with a significance level of 0.05.
Os riscos e benefícios do uso da Domperidona como indutor de lactação em puérperas
Authors: Avelar Larissa Vieira , Carvalho Letícia de Ávila , Santos Vivianne Castelo Branco dos , Corrêa Roberto Franco Teixeira , Franzotti Elaine Maria
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão quanto à eficácia, riscos e benefícios da utilização da Domperidona como indutor de lactação em puérperas. Revisão bibliográfica: O ato de amamentar envolve não apenas ímpetos biológicos, mas também aspectos sociais, psicológicos e culturais, sendo cercado por uma variedade de crenças e mitos. Por conseguinte, é cada vez mais frequente o uso de medicamentos, não regulamentados, como lactogênicos no intuito de amenizar os índices crescentes de desmame precoce, visto que há benefícios já comprovados nas bases científicas, do aleitamento materno para mãe e bebê. A Domperidona, é um fármaco amplamente utilizado com intuito lactogênico pois é capaz de aumentar a secreção de prolactina pela adenohipófise e antagonizar a dopamina, o que pode auxiliar no início e na manutenção da produção de leite. Os efeitos adversos embora controversos foram predominantemente limitados a queixas simples como náuseas, dores de cabeça e boca seca. Entretanto, a eficácia, a duração e a posologia da terapia são variáveis. Considerações finais: Percebe-se que a Domperidona tem se mostrado embasado em evidências científicas, moderadamente segura e efetiva no aumento da produção de leite em puérperas saudáveis pré termo. Porém, é necessário a realização de ensaios randomizados para as diferentes condições maternas a termo.
Preconceito na área médica: desigualdade de gênero
Authors: Fagundes Thaís Alonso , Simonini Natália Diniz , Bizinoto Isabela Tavares , Freitas Lara Costa Curado , Martins João Victor Lopes , Correia Sara Fernandes , Silva Constanza Thaise Xavier
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Identificar se as mulheres já sofreram preconceito de gênero na carreira médica. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, transversal de abordagem quantitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu com médicas que atuavam no estado de Goiás, por meio de um questionário validado. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética me Pesquisa (CEP). Resultados: Foram entrevistadas 102 médicas, entre a faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos (44,1%), da cor branca (62,7%) e que atuavam em ambas as redes públicas e privadas (53,9%). Em relação ao nível de satisfação no trabalho as médicas avaliaram como ótimo (40,2%) e boa (36,3%), e relataram que nunca vivenciaram algum episódio em que seu gênero atrapalhou o desempenho de sua função (76,5%), mas já tiveram sua competência questionada por ser mulher (57,8%). O principal tipo de abuso relatado foi psicológico (25,5%) seguido pelo verbal (24,4%) sendo relatado que já sofreu algum tipo de preconceito na graduação (57,8%) e presenciaram algum tipo de preconceito dentro da profissão (55,9%). Conclusão:  as mulheres médicas consideram satisfeitas com a profissão. Há, no entanto, preconceito de gênero na medicina. Por fim, o trabalho se faz relevante por discutir esse tema tão vivenciado no cotidiano dessas profissionais e ainda assim pouco evidenciado na literatura.
Primary empty sella syndrome presenting as hyponatremia
Authors: Khemchandani Nidhesh
Published: June 2023

Empty sella is often an incidental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding. It may be partial or complete and can be primary or secondary due to intracranial hypertension, radiation exposure or pituitary apoplexy. Most of the patients are asymptomatic but features of panhypopituitarism can develop in some. This is a case report of a 70-year-old female who presented with complaints of vomiting, altered sensorium with irritability, generalized weakness, difficulty in speaking, and one episode of seizure. Blood investigations revealed hyponatremia that was euvolemic. On further evaluation, she was found to have decreased cortisol, decreased follicle stimulating hormone, decreased thyroxine, normal prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone values suggestive of panhypopituitarism. MRI brain showed an empty sella. Her serum sodium levels improved after starting glucocoticoids and thyroxine tablets, thereby confirming the diagnosis of panhypopituitarism. In the absence of any history of irradiation, hemorrhage, and surgery, a diagnosis of primary empty sella syndrome was made.
Influence of retinal internal limiting membrane peeling on the vascular density of retinal capillary plexuses
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases», Filippov V.M. , Petrachkov D.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases»
Published: June 2023

Relevance. Diabetic macular edema (DME) in combination with epimacular fibrosis (EMF) is an indication for vitreoretinal surgical treatment. The necessity of the retinal internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling is debatable. The question of assessing the anatomy and function of the eyes in the early and late postoperative period is relevant, in particular, the study of the retinal capillary plexuses (RCP) characteristics such that its vascular density. The perpose of the study was to evaluate the presence and nature of the various ILM peeling methods effect on the RCP vascular density in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and DME in combination with EMF in the early and late periods after treatment. Material and methods. A randomized case-control study was conducted on three comparable groups of patients. Surgical treatment was performed – vitrectomy with ILM peeling. The groups differed in the ILM peeling methods. In the early (1 month) and late (1 year) postoperative period, the RCP vascular density CAS was assessed, as well as the development of complications: DME, EMF recurrence, and retinal atrophy. Results. Statistically significant intra- and intergroup differences in the values of indicators of RCP vascular density during the entire period of observation were not revealed. It has been established that the initially higher vascular density in the superficial and deep RCP tends to remain at this level in the early and late postoperative period. Statistically significant relationships between RCP vascular density and the development of postoperative DME, recurrence of EMF or retinal atrophy have not been established. Conclusion. According to the results of our study, ILM peeling does not have a significant effect on the RCP vascular in the early and late postoperative period. The pathogenesis of postoperative complications and their relationship with the state of the RCP require further study. Keywords: vitreoretinal surgery, vitreomacular interface, retinal internal limiting membrane, dosed fovea-sparing ILM peeling, optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomographyangiography, vascular density, automatic image analysis
Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the method of surgical treatment of keratoconus by implantation of intrastromal corneal segments
Authors:   Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tuychibaeva D.М. , Kim A.A. ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute
Published: June 2023

The article presents a comparative analysis of data from patients with stage II and III keratoconus (40 patients, 40 eyes) after implantation of intrastromal corneal segments with femtosecond laser and with manual implantation of ICRS. The refractive results gave comparatively similar vision patterns. The advantage of the femtosecond laser was the technical simplicity of the operation. Keywords: keratoconus, intrastromal corneal segments, femtosecond laser
Comparative analysis of avascular retinal pigment epithelium detachments
Authors:   M.M. Krasnov Scientific Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 119021, Moscow, Russian Federation, Afanasyeva M.A. , Kurguzova A.G. ,   M.M. Krasnov Scientific Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 119021, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To study anatomical and functional parameters using optical coherence tomography in patients with avascular retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) detachment with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). Material and methods. 40 people with AMD and CSR were examined. Patients were divided depending on the type of RPE detachment: druzenoid – 10 patients, serous RPE detachment in AMD – 20 patients, serous RPE detachment in CSCR – 10 patients. Results. A comparative analysis revealed that serous avascular RPE detachment in AMD is characterized by the greatest height and width in relation to drusenoid RPE detachment and RPE detachment in CSCR. Avascular RPE detachment in CSCR are characterized by the smallest dimensions – both in height and width in relation to other avascular RPE detachments, and the greatest thickness of the choroid in relation to serous RPE detachment in AMD (p = 0.018). Conclusions. The identified features of avascular RPE detachment in AMD and CSCR allow us to choose an adequate tactics for managing patients. Key words: retinal pigment epithelium detachment, age-related macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy
Reproducibility of choroidal thickness manual measurement results using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in patients with pathological myopia
Authors:   Ural State Medical University, Babaeva N.V. , Bobykin E.V. ,   Ural State Medical University, Morozova O.V. ,   Ural State Medical University, Krokhalev V.Y. ,   Ural State Medical University
Published: June 2023

Changes in choroidal thickness (CT) may indicate the presence of macular diseases and be used to monitor their course and treatment. Automatic segmentation of the choroid is not currently available, and semi-automatic segmentation is laborious and time-consuming. Purpose. To evaluate the reproducibility of CT manual measurement results using spectraldomain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with pathological myopia. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of SD-OCT (Optovue RTVue-100) data from the macula of patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization treated with anti-VEGF therapy (ranibizumab, aflibercept) was performed. The study group consisted of 37 patients (43 eyes), incl. 31 women, mean age 53.4 years, mean length of the anterior-posterior axis of the eye – 28.42 mm. Three researchers performed independent measurements of CT in manual mode at five points (subfoveolar, nasal, temporal, upper and lower, located 3 mm from the center of the foveola) before the start of antiangiogenic therapy and in dynamics after 1 year of treatment. Results. CT values before treatment were minimal at the nasal point (mean – 35.5 µm) and increased in the following sequence: lower point (60.9 µm), subfoveolar (74.1 µm), temporal (85.7 µm), upper (91.0 µm). The same ratio of indicators persisted at 12 months after the treatment initiation, however, the absolute values decreased, amounting to 35.1, 56.5, 66.3, 83.7 and 85.8 µm, respectively. Statistical analysis performed using the Kruskal – Wallis test showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference in the data obtained between researchers 1 and 2 in one case, between researchers 2 and 3 in 5 series of measurements; the difference between the results obtained by researchers 1 and 3 did not find statistical confirmation. Conclusion. Our results correspond to the literature data and confirm the importance of CT assessment in patients with degenerative myopia, and manual measurement of the parameter using SD-OCT, due to its simplicity and accessibility, can be used by ophthalmologists to solve daily clinical issues. For a more accurate quantitative assessment of CT in scientific research, it is advisable to use more sensitive and reproducible methods. Keywords: choroidal thickness, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, manual mode, pathological myopia, myopic choroidal neovascularization
Effect of coffee drinking on eye hemodynamics in color Doppler imaging
Authors:   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Pidodniy E.A. , Chuprov A.D. ,   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Trubnikov V.A. ,   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution
Published: June 2023

The most common methods for studying ocular blood flow include the method of color Doppler imaging (CDI). Purpose. To evaluate the effect of drinking coffee on the indicators of retrobulbar blood flow in healthy people using color doppler and to predict the possible impact of this factor on the results of the study of ocular blood flow in pathology of the organ of vision. Material and methods. The total number of observations is 16: 8 healthy people (8 eyes) before drinking coffee and an hour after drinking it, 8 healthy people (8 eyes) of the control group. The age of the subjects was 28 ± 2 years. As a control feature, a cup of made coffee (150 ml) was used, which was drunk one hour before the examination. The control group included persons who underwent a study of retrobulbar blood flow with an hour interval without drinking coffee. The calculations were carried out using the STATISTICA 13.0 software. Results. Analyzing the dynamics of the CDI indicators, there was an increase in the diastolic blood flow velocity and the average blood flow velocity in the ophthalmic artery one hour after drinking coffee (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. When assessing the indicators of the resistance index and the pulse index, their increase was found, but these changes turned out to be reliably insignificant, which indicates a change in blood flow in a certain period of cardiac output, but does not affect the total blood flow in the ophthalmic artery. Conclusion. Thus, the data obtained during the CDI indicate a change in ocular blood flow in the ophthalmic artery to a certain cardiac output one hour after drinking coffee, without affecting the true blood flow velocity and peripheral resistance in the ophthalmic artery. The CDI values in the central retinal artery did not change. Keywords: ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, color Doppler imaging, drinking coffee
Clinical laboratory evaluation of the toxoplasmosis retinochorioiditis'diagnosis
Authors:   The S.N. Fyodorov National Medical Research Center «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery» of Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Poroshina M.A. , Yunina M.A. ,   The S.N. Fyodorov National Medical Research Center «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery» of Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Pedanova E.K. ,   The S.N. Fyodorov National Medical Research Center «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery» of Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To present OCT features of toxoplasmosis retinochorioiditis'diagnosis in patients with different immune status. Material and methods. The patients B. and K., male 44 and female 35 years old, with a decrease of visual acuity. The comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations ware carried out, including the examination of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit lamp indirect ophthalmoscopy, microperimetry, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT – angiography, fundus autofluorescence (AF). Results. According to the anamnesis, clinical findings and OCT features the toxoplasmosis retinochorioiditis was diagnosed. Treatment was administrated with antibacterial drugs. Conclusions. Despite of the negative serology, the toxoplasmosis retinochorioididtis diagnosis was proved. It was diagnosed by the anamnesis, specific clinical findings and OCT features. Keywords: ocular toxoplasmosis, posterior uveitis, retinochorioiditis, optical coherence tomography
Retinal changes after coronavirus infection
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Nesterenko A.I. , Stanishevskaya O.M. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Safronova M.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Glock M.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Dulchenko V.S. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Chernykh V.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk
Published: June 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection pandemic has caused 667 million cases. COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The virus primarily affects the respiratory system and runs the gamut from respiratory infection, to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Various ophthalmologic manifestations in both the anterior and posterior segment of the eye are increasingly reported in the literature. Purpose. Present clinical cases of retinal changes after coronavirus infection. Material and methods. We present two clinical observations of patients with ophthalmic manifestations in the posterior segment of the eyes that developed after a coronavirus infection. All patients underwent ophthalmological examination including visometry, anterior segment biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy with non-contact Volk 78D lens, optical coherence tomography (OCT) of macular area and angioregim OCT (DRI OCT Triton plus, Japan). Treatment and recommendations were individualized according to ophthalmological indications. Results. Stabilization of retinal changes after coronavirus infection. There was an increase in maximum corrected visual acuity (MCOZ), reduction of macular edema. Conclusion. It is necessary to pay attention to complaints of the visual organ in patients with coronavirus infection in the early stages of the disease and in the nearest months after recovery. Our clinical observations show the need for further study of pathogenesis, clinic and treatment methods of ophthalmologic complications associated with coronavirus infection. Keywords: coronavirus disease, postthrombotic retinopathy, macular neovascular membrane
Studium przypadku mężczyzny z otępieniem alzheimerowskim – diagnoza i terapia logopedyczna
Authors: Grzesiak-Witek Danuta , Świostek Bartosz
Published: June 2023

Choroba Alzheimera stanowi jedną z poważniejszych chorób neurologicznych współczesnego starzejącego się społeczeństwa. Każdego roku zwiększa się liczba osób, w szczególności seniorów, których dotyka to schorzenie. Zaburzenia mowy są jednym z pierwszych objawów tej choroby i ujawniają się już na samym początku jej rozwoju. Mimo coraz częstszego zainteresowania badaczy zaburzeniami mowy w przebiegu otępienia alzheimerowskiego w dalszym ciągu brak jest wystarczającej liczby badań empirycznych opisujących to zagadnienie. Niniejszy artykuł w oparciu o studium przypadku mężczyzny prezentuje charakterystykę zaburzeń mowy u osoby z otępieniem alzheimerowskim, przebieg diagnozy logopedycznej wraz z oceną poziomu poszczególnych sprawności językowych oraz podstawowe założenia i kierunki planowanej terapii logopedycznej. Badania pokazują, iż w zależności od indywidualnych cech danego pacjenta zaburzenia mowy mogą przyjmować odmienny charakter.
Социально ориентированные метафоры явлений природы в русской и литовской поэзии XX в.
Authors: Konitskaya Yelena
Published: June 2023

В статье с лингвокультурологических позиций рассматриваются антропоморфные социально ориентированные метафоры атмосферных явлений русской и литовской поэзии XX в., с целью установить сходства и различия историко-культурно обусловленного содержания данных метафор. Основное внимание уделяется метафорам ветра, выявленным на обширном материале. Метафоры другого явления – дождя – оказались представленными только в русской поэзии, что свидетельствует об избирательности национальных метафорических поэтических систем. С лингвокультурологической точки зрения примечательным является распределение по профессиональным сферам, а также разную значимость сходных метафор в двух поэтических языках. Метафоры «социального положения», имеющие своим основанием одни и те же качества исходной для метафоры сферы, отражают специфические национальные особенности социально-культурной ситуации, их связь с культурной традицией, окрашивая сходные метафоры диаметрально противоположным образом.
Tropem czarownic. Kilka uwag historyczno-językowych na marginesie Księgi sądu wójtowskiego miasta Kleczewa z lat 1624–1738
Authors: Piotrowska-Borowicz Anna
Published: June 2023

Artykuł w pierwszej części prezentuje kilka uwag natury historycznej dotyczących procesów o czary w Polsce, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem niektórych przypadków z miasta Kleczewa z przełomu XVII i XVIII wieku. Druga część tekstu została poświęcona kwestiom językowym związanym z terminologią w badaniach nad czarami i czarownicami. Na koniec przedstawiono wybrane informacje na temat Kleczewa, gdzie odbywały się procesy tych, którzy „dobrowolnie odstąpili od Boga”.
Poľské ekvivalenty slovenských záporných adjektív na -teľný v slovensko-poľskom paralelnom korpuse par-skpl-1.0
Authors: Ptak Lenka
Published: June 2023

V príspevku sa venujeme deverbatívnym adjektívam, ktoré obsahujú význam možnosti a nemožnosti. V slovenčine sa tvoria sufixom -teľný, napríklad nedosiahnuteľný, nenahraditeľný, nenapodobiteľný, neoddeliteľný, rozpojiteľný, zameniteľný a v poľštine dominuje sufix -alny, napríklad dopuszczalny, niejadalny, nieporównywalny, niewidzialny, przesuwalny, wyleczalny. Ako vyplýva z predchádzajúcich analýz, slovenské deriváty s formantom -teľný sú početnejšie ako poľské deriváty s formantami -alny. Preto majú tieto deriváty rôzne ekvivalenty v poľštine. V príspevku bude prezentovaná analýza záporných adjektív na -teľný  a ich poľských ekvivalentov v slovensko-poľskom paralelnom korpuse par-skpl-1.0 a v dvojjazyčnom slovensko-poľskom slovníku, aby sa ukázali inovatívne možnosti alebo tiež medze paralelných korpusov.
Raport o polskim poradnictwie językowym
Authors: Satoła-Staśkowiak Joanna
Published: June 2023

Artykuł jest krótkim raportem o polskim poradnictwie językowym. Opisuje początki działalności poradniczej w Polsce i najpopularniejsze współcześnie sposoby popularyzowania działalności kulturalnojęzykowej. Prezentuje również napisany przez autorkę artykułu Poradnik językoznawczyni, jeden z ostatnio wydanych poradników językowych w Polsce.
К вопросу о межъязыковой омонимии в славянских языках: общий теоретический и практический обзор проблематики
Authors: Savchenko Alexandr , Khmelevsky Mikhail
Published: June 2023

Статья обращена к весьма актуальной теме межъязыковой омонимии. Данный вопрос рассматривается на всех уровнях языка: лексика, морфология, синтаксис, стилистика, фразеология. Дается теоретическое обоснование причин возникновения межъязыковых омонимов, особо рассматриваются полные и неполные пары омонимов. Эта проблематика приобретает чрезвычайное значение в случае  близкородственных языков, в первую очередь, она важна для славянской общности, сравнительно поздно распавшейся, если сопоставлять с другими индоевропейскими языковыми группами (V–VI вв. н..э.). Данному вопросу в славистике уделяется большое внимание, однако актуальность заявленного исследования состоит в том, его результатом стал широкий обзор с максимально возможным охватом всех трех групп славянских языков, географически начиная с русского и украинского на востоке, польского, чешского и словацкого на западе, сербского, хорватского, болгарского на юге Славянского мира и заканчивая периферийным словенским.
Świadomość językowa a gwara
Authors: Szymańska-Galińska Karina
Published: June 2023

Celem artykułu jest definicyjne scharakteryzowanie świadomości językowej oraz określenie jej roli w kontekście gwary. Analizie poddano pojęcie świadomości językowej – zarówno w ujęciach słownikowych, jak i w pojawiających się na ten temat pracach językoznawczych. Podjęto próbę skonstruowania spójnej definicji omawianego terminu oraz przedstawiono socjologiczne podstawy zagadnienia, znajdując bezpośrednie odniesienie do współczesnych zachowań komunikacyjnych i problematyki gwary.
Students’ attitudes towards the use of imagination and humour in teaching and learning business correspondence and their implications for teaching
Authors: Włosowicz Teresa Maria
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study has been an investigation of students’ attitudes towards the teaching of business correspondence in English with the use of imagination and humour, as expressed in the questionnaire and reflected in the students’ writing. It was assumed that the use of imagination, creativity and humour would motivate the students to practise business writing and develop their skills. The study is based on both an analysis of students’ actual writing as well as a questionnaire regarding their attitudes towards simulation and humour in practising business correspondence. As the results show, the students’ writing varies considerably, ranging from standard letters modelled on textbook examples, up to humorous letters from and to imaginary companies. Similarly, the questionnaire reveals a variety of attitudes: some students regard simulations of this kind as interesting and motivating, while others find them artificial. They also tend to prefer learning serious correspondence, which is closer to their future professional work. It can thus be concluded that, while using imagination and even humour has some benefits, such as motivating students and developing their creativity, the focus of teaching should be on more authentic business correspondence, closer to that which they will use in the future.
importância de leucócitos marcados no diagnóstico por imagem em infecções articulares periprotéticas / The value of labeled leukocytes imaging for periprosthetic joint infection diagnosis
Authors: Martins Antunes João Victor , Basso Angelina Maria Moreschi
Published: June 2023

Introdução: A modalidade de imagem de leucócitos marcados é um dos métodos utilizados no diagnóstico de diversas infecções. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a efetividade do exame no diagnóstico de infecções articulares periprotéticas e comparar com outros métodos diagnósticos. Métodos: Para realização da pesquisa foram consultadas as bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Os artigos publicados entre 2017-2022 mostraram que ainda há informações conflitantes, mas a cintilografia com leucócitos marcados é o exame com maior precisão diagnóstica de infecção articular periprotética. Conclusão: Foi constatado que a cintilografia com leucócitos marcados, em combinação com a tomografia por emissão de fóton único ou a cintilografia de medula óssea quando necessário, é o exame padrão ouro para o diagnóstico diferencial de infecções periprotéticas articulares até o presente estudo.Palavras-chaves: Cintilografia, Tc-99m HMPAO, Prótese articular, Infecções relacionadas à prótese, Leucócitos.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Nuclear medicine is essential to identify physiological disorders. One of the applications is on imaging of labeled leukocytes, which allows to identify and assess infections. Objective: The objective of this work was to analyze, on a general basis, the effectiveness of the imaging of labeled leukocytes in infection diagnosis emphasizing periprosthetic joint infection. Methods: To carry out the research, papers were identified that matched the keywords on the databases Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Google Scholar. Results: The papers published in 2017–2022 stated that there are gaps to be filled, although labeled leukocytes scintigraphy represents the best accuracy. Conclusion: Labeled leukocytes scintigraphy, combined with bone marrow scintigraphy and single photon emission computed tomography when necessary, is the gold standard for differential diagnosisof periprosthetic joint infection.Keywords: Scintigraphy, Tc-99m HMPAO, Joint prosthesis, Prosthesis related infections, Leukocytes.
Origins of Life: Chemistry and Evolution
Authors: Matange Kavita , Rajaei Vahab , Schuster Gary , Hud Nicholas , Capera-Aragonès Pau , Frenkel-Pinter Moran , Williams Loren
Published: June 2023

Progress in understanding the origins of life will be enhanced if models and their predictions are clearly understood and explicitly articulated. Two distinct models can be used to explain the genesis of biopolymers during the origins of life. In one model, which has been pursued for nearly 50 years, RNA is the result of inherent chemical reactivities of prebiotic chemical species. RNA invented evolution. This model enables the prediction that if the conditions of the ancient earth are sufficiently constrained, chemists will discover the direct synthetic pathways that produced RNA. In a fundamentally different model, which is more recent, RNA and other biopolymers are proposed to be the result of prolonged, creative, selection-based changes that occurred during chemical evolution and overlap with early biological evolution. Evolution invented RNA. In this evolutionary model, inherent chemical reactivities are not necessarily relevant to the origins of life and do not predict biosynthesis. These two models are fundamentally different from one another and guide design of very different experimental approaches to test their underlying assumptions. It is currently undetermined which model, or a hybrid of them, is closer to reality.
Machine Learning Models Capable of Chemical Deduction for Identifying Reaction Products
Authors: Jin Tianfan , Zhao Qiyuan , Schofield Andrew B , Savoie Brett Matthew
Published: June 2023

Deductive solution strategies are required in prediction scenarios that are under determined, when contradictory information is available, or more generally wherever one-to-many non-functional mappings occur. In contrast, most contemporary machine learning (ML) in the chemical sciences is inductive learning from example, with a fixed set of features. Chemical workflows are replete with situations requiring deduction, including many aspects of lab automation and spectral interpretation. Here, a general strategy is described for designing and training machine learning models capable of deduction that consists of combining individual inductive models into a larger deductive network. The training and testing of these models is demonstrated on the task of deducing reaction products from a mixture of spectral sources. The resulting models are capable of distinguishing between intended and unintended reaction outcomes and identifying starting material based on a mixture of spectral sources. The models are also capable of performing well on tasks that they were not directly trained on, like predicting minor products from named organic chemistry reactions, identifying reagents and isomers as plausible impurities, and handling missing or conflicting information. A new dataset of 1,124,043 simulated spectra that were generated to train these models is also distributed with this work. These findings demonstrate that deductive bottlenecks for chemical problems are not fundamentally insuperable for ML models.
Synthesis of Nickel(I)–Bromide Complexes via Oxidation and Ligand Displacement: Evaluation of Ligand Effects on Speciation and Reactivity
Authors: Newman-Stonebraker Samuel , Raab T. Judah , Roshandel Hootan , Doyle Abigail
Published: June 2023

Nickel’s +1 oxidation state has received much interest due to its varied and often enigmatic behavior in increasingly popular catalytic methods. In part, the lack of understanding about Ni(I) results from common synthetic strategies limiting the breadth of complexes that are accessible for mechanistic study and catalyst design. We report an oxidative approach using tribromide salts that allows for the generation of a well-defined precursor, [Ni(I)(COD)Br]2, as well as several new NiI complexes. Included among them are complexes bearing bulky monophosphines, for which structure–speciation relationships are established and catalytic reactivity in a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling (SMC) is investigated. Notably, these routes also allow for the synthesis of well-defined monomeric t-Bu-bpy-bound Ni(I) complexes, which has not previously been achieved. These complexes, which react with aryl halides, can enable previously challenging mechanistic investigations and present new opportunities for catalysis and synthesis.
Predicting the Solubility of Gases, Vapors, and Supercritical Fluids in Amorphous Polymers from Electron Density using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Gromov Oleg
Published: June 2023

A twin convolutional neural network is proposed to predict the pressure and temperature-dependent sorption of gases, vapors, and supercritical fluids in amorphous polymers based solely on spatial electron density distribution. Quantum chemical data as 3D tensors (3D images) is derived from DFT calculations. A dataset of almost 15000 experimentally measured uptakes (0.01-50 wt%) of 79 gases in 102 different polymers under pressures from 1E-3 – 7E+2 bar range and temperatures from 233-508 K range is collected from over 250 literature sources. The dataset includes measurements on almost 500 solvent-polymer systems spanning from typical low-pressure sorption in membrane glassy polymers to high-pressure solubility of supercritical fluids in molten polymers. Irreducible mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is approximately estimated to be ~20%. The sources of inherent data variability are briefly discussed. In 100 epochs, the model achieved 31% MAPE on a test set of 1600 experimental measurements concerning 22 polymers previously unseen by the model.
CONFPASS: fast DFT re-optimizations of structures from conformation searches
Authors: Lam Ching Ching , Goodman Jonathan M.
Published: June 2023

CONFPASS (Conformer Prioritizations & Analysis for DFT re-optimisations) has been developed to extract dihedral angle descriptors from conformational searching outputs, perform clustering and return a priority list for DFT re-optimisations. Evaluations were conducted with DFT data of the conformers for 150 structurally diverse molecules, most of which are flexible CONFPASS gives a confidence estimate that the global minimum structure has been found, and based on our dataset, we can have 90% confidence after optimizing half of the FF structures. Re-optimizing conformers in order of the FF energy often generates duplicate results; using CONFPASS, the duplication rate is reduced by a factor of two for the first 30% of the re-optimisations, which includes the global minimum structure about 80% of the time.
N-terminal proteoforms may engage in different protein complexes
Authors: Bogaert Annelies , Fijalkowska Daria , Staes An , Van de Steene Tessa , Vuylsteke Marnik , Stadler Charlotte , Eyckerman Sven , Spirohn Kerstin , Hao Tong , Calderwood Michael A , Gevaert Kris
Published: June 2023

Alternative translation initiation and alternative splicing may give rise to N-terminal proteoforms, proteins that differ at their N-terminus compared with their canonical counterparts. Such proteoforms can have altered localizations, stabilities, and functions. Although proteoforms generated from splice variants can be engaged in different protein complexes, it remained to be studied to what extent this applies to N-terminal proteoforms. To address this, we mapped the interactomes of several pairs of N-terminal proteoforms and their canonical counterparts. First, we generated a catalogue of N-terminal proteoforms found in the HEK293T cellular cytosol from which 22 pairs were selected for interactome profiling. In addition, we provide evidence for the expression of several N-terminal proteoforms, identified in our catalogue, across different human tissues, as well as tissue-specific expression, highlighting their biological relevance. Protein–protein interaction profiling revealed that the overlap of the interactomes for both proteoforms is generally high, showing their functional relation. We also showed that N-terminal proteoforms can be engaged in new interactions and/or lose several interactions compared with their canonical counterparts, thus further expanding the functional diversity of proteomes.
Organ–preserving operations for the gun–shot thoraco–abdominal and abdominal woundings with splenic injuries
Authors: Lurin I. A. , Khoroshun E. M. , Makarov V. V. , Nehoduiko V. V. , Shipilov S. A. , Bunin Yu. V. , Saliutin R. V.
Published: June 2023

Objective.To determine the expediency of the spleen–preserving operations performance for its injury due to gun–shot thoraco–abdominal and abdominal woundings.

Materials and methods. Of 51wounded persons with the gun–shot penetrating abdominal woundings with splenic injuries 8 (15.7%) were operated on the II level of the medical help delivery, while on the ІІІ level – 43 (84.3%). Of 43 wounded persons, operated on the ІІІ level of the medical help delivery, in 35 (81.4%) splenectomy was performed, while in 8 (18.6%) – the organ–preserving operations. All the splenic injuries have been characterized as a shrapnel woundings. The splenic damage degree was estimated in accordance to Moore, taking into account its structure. In 5 (62.5%) wounded persons the open laparotomy organ–preserving operations were performed, and while using video–laparoscopic system– in 3 (37.5%).

Results. Ultrasonographic investigation in accordance to the FAST–protocol was done in all the wounded persons, what have permitted to determine the blood abdominal outpouring volume as well as the splenic injury presence. The affection volume and further tactics were determined using video–laparoscopy. The Stage I splenic affection in accordance to Moore was diagnosed in 4 (50%) wounded persons, the Stage ІІ – in 3 (37.5%), and the Stage ІІІ – in 1 (12.5%). In all the patients, in whom organ–preserving interventions were performed, the surgical help volume consisted of coagulation, using the radiofrequency therapy apparatus MEDTRONICAEX and the hemostatic sponge application with drainage of the left subdiaphragmatic space, using silicone tube.

Conclusion. Organ–preserving operations in splenic injury are expedient to be performed on ІІІ level of the medical help delivery, while presence of local conditions, such as the organ injury degrees І and ІІ,determined in accordance to Moore, as well as adequate time and equipment.
Polymorphism of the proinflammatory and anti–inflammatory cytokines genes in patients with an acute pancreatitis in the Northern–Eastern region of Ukraine
Authors: Duzhyi I. D. , Sytnik O. L. , Pak V. Ya.
Published: June 2023

Objective.To determine the influence of the genes polymorphism of proinflammatory – interleukin–8 A–251T (rs 4073) and antiinflammatory – interleukin–10 C–592A (rs 1800872) cytokines on course of an acute pancreatitis.

Materials and methods. The genes polymorphism of proinflammatory – interleukin–8 A–251T (rs 4073) and antiinflammatory – interleukin–10 C–592A (rs 1800872) cytokines were studied in 83 patients with an acute pancreatitis, using the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The control group have consisted of  60 healthy persons without an acute pancreatitis in anamnesis.

Results. The rate of the genes polymorphism of interleukin–8 A–251T (rs 4073) and interleukin–10 C–592A (rs 1800872) was determined in oedematious and destructive forms of an acute pancreatitis, as well as in patients operated on.

Conclusion. The acute pancreatitis transition into necrotic form was not connected with the kind of the genes polymorphism of proinflammatory – interleukin–8 A–251T (rs 4073) and antiinflammatory – interleukin–10 C–592A (rs 1800872) cytokines. Operative interventions  for an acute pancreatitis complications were performed statistically significantlymore frequently in carriers of the T/T gene genotype of interleukin–8 A–251T (rs 4073). The favorable, noncomplicated course of an acute pancreatitis was associated with polymorphism of the A/T gene interleukin–8 A–251T (rs 4073) and, possibly, – with polymorphism of the A/T gene interleukin–10 C–592A (rs 1800872).
The ways to improve the ambulatory surgical service in environment of reformation in the health defense sphere of Ukraine
Authors: Korzhyk N. P.
Published: June 2023

The ways to improve the ambulatory surgical service in environment of reformation in the health defense sphere of Ukraine