bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Cropping System Intensification in Arid Region of India: Fallow Replacement with Limited Duration Sorghum–Legume Intercropping Followed by Eruca sativa Mill. Grown on Conserved Soil Moisture
Authors: Tanwar Suresh Pal Singh , Regar Panna Lal , Datt Shiv , Rathore Sanjay S.
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted to explore the possibilities of sustainable crop intensification in the fallow–Eruca sativa Mill. system in arid ecology by replacing fallow with short-duration sorghum–legume intercropping. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with two planting systems (bed and conventional) in main plots and a factorial combination of crop duration (50 and 60 days) and cropping systems (sole sorghum, sorghum + cowpea, sorghum + Sesbania in 2:2 ratio) in sub-plots. In the succeeding Eruca sativa crop, residuals and two gypsum levels (0 and 250 kg ha−1) were tested. Bed planting practiced during both seasons did not improve the system productivity to significant levels. Extending the duration of fallow replacement crops from 50 to 60 days significantly increased their forage yield, overall system productivity by 25–34%, and system net returns by 15.9–21.5%. Amongst the intercropping systems, the sorghum + Sesbania system added 10–13 tonnes ha−1Sesbania biomass to the soil, resulting in higher soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, dehydrogenase activity, and residual soil moisture, which increased the yield of the succeeding Eruca sativa crop by 8.8–15% compared to the residual of sole sorghum. However, it could not compensate for the yield loss due to the utilization of 50% of the area for growing the green manure crop. The sorghum + cowpea intercropping–Eruca sativa system was found to be the optimum combination with a system productivity of 1.27–1.87 Mg ha−1Eruca sativa seed equivalent. The productivity of Eruca sativa further improved by 9.5–23.7% due to the soil application of gypsum @ 250 kg ha−1. When averaged over treatments, fallow replacement during the rainy season reduced the available soil moisture at the sowing of Eruca sativa by 8.3–22.8% and subsequently its yield by 16.5–30.4% compared to the fallow–Eruca sativa system. However, with this production penalty, an additional rainy-season fodder crop was successfully grown, which improved the system productivity by 57.7–82.8%, net returns by 31.2–57.3%, and rainfall use efficiency from 0.21 to 36 USD/mm−1 ha−1. Hence, it may be concluded that short-duration fodder crops may be taken as fallow replacement crops for higher system productivity and rainfall use efficiency.
Spatiotemporal Dynamic Characteristics of Land Use Intensity in Rapidly Urbanizing Areas from Urban Underground Space Perspectives
Authors: Wang Baoshun , Liu Yanfang , Tong Zhaomin , An Rui , Xu Jiwei
Published: August 2023

Land use intensity (LUI) reflects the utilization status of land use. However, traditional LUI assessments have been conducted for land space governance with a primary focus on surface land. Thus far, the explicit variation and spatiotemporal characteristics of land use of underground space (LUUS), particularly the quantization of LUUS-related intensity, are not well understood. Using the case of Wuhan in China, this study takes the main urban area of Wuhan as the research area, based on the time series data of the underground space information survey of analysis units from 2002 to 2018. This reflected the distribution pattern and evolution characteristics of underground space in terms of the intensity, the concentration and spatial hot-spots by using the spatiotemporal analysis framework. The results show that: (1) The LUUS exhibits spatial characteristics of global dispersion, and local aggregation increased and expanded along the northwest–southeast direction; (2) The global spatial dependency of LUUS is strong and the degree decreases with the expansion of the scope; (3) The LUUS is mainly developed in a relatively concentrated mode, and the concentration degree decreases with time; (4) The main development area of the LUUS is gradually expanding from within the inner ring line outside the second ring road in different periods, and the spatial difference is more obvious and increasing. Our study renews the indicators of quantitative LUI evaluation based on underground spatial data. The findings refreshed the knowledge base concerning the spatiotemporal heterogeneity in terms of underground space intensity and provided new insights into spatial governance.
The Relationship between Workaholism and Personal Burnout in Dual-Earner Couples: An Analysis Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model
Authors: Russo Eleonora , Atroszko Pawel , Zaniboni Sara , Toderi Stefano , Balducci Cristian
Published: August 2023

This study tested the workaholism–personal burnout relationship by using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model in a sample of 138 Italian dual-career couples. Specifically, in line with previous literature, the presence of actor and partner ‘effects’ was hypothesized, whereby the level of workaholism of men and women influences their own level of personal burnout (actor effect) and that of their partners (partner effect). In addition, the moderating role of the presence and number of children in the relationship between workaholism and personal burnout was also analyzed. The results confirmed a significant actor effect. In contrast, the partner effect was partially confirmed (only for the pathway from female partner workaholism to male partner personal burnout). In addition, the presence of children played a key role. First, it strengthened the positive relationship between the female partner’s workaholism and the male partner’s personal burnout. Second, it attenuated the positive relationship between a female’s workaholism and her own personal burnout. The obtained results are discussed, and based on these, considerations are provided on possible interventions to decrease the potential impact of workaholism on couples’ well-being and the implications for a sustainable work and family life.
Conservation Officers’ Perceptions of Their Working Conditions and Their Enforcement of Environmental Law in a Territory of High Environmental Protection
Authors: Martín Ana M. , Rosales Christian , Hernández Bernardo
Published: August 2023

Environmental protection laws are useful tools for promoting sustainability by eradicating anti-environmental behavior while encouraging alternative sustainable behaviors. However, the achievement of these goals relies on the psychosocial processes underlying the behaviors of the people in charge of the enforcement of these laws. Conservation officers play a central role in the enforcement of these laws, but their intervention behavior has not been assessed in relation to their perceptions of their working conditions. To fill this gap, a questionnaire was developed and administered to 128 conservation officers from four public authorities responsible for enforcing environmental law in a territory with a high level of legal environmental protection. The main results show that the participants have similarities and differences with conservation officers from other territories in their perception of their working conditions. Likewise, it was found that self-efficacy and satisfaction influence their intervention behavior, both directly and through their goals. The role of descriptive social norms as well as the relation of collective efficacy and self-efficacy and satisfaction were also revealed. Policy implications of these findings involve the need to improve communication between prosecutors, judges and conservation officers, as well as the enhancement of conservation officers’ collective efficacy, self-efficacy and skills used to educate people in avoiding damaging the environment and collaborating in its protection.
The Role of Corporate Governance in Sustaining the Economy: Examining Its Moderating Effect on Brand Equity and Profitability in Tourism Companies
Authors: Dai Li-Wei , Fang Chin-Yi
Published: August 2023

A series of corporate embezzlement cases in Taiwan prompted the enactment of regulations by the government to enforce the corporate governance (CG) mechanism in listed companies. Prior research has given limited attention to investigating the link between CG and brand equity (BE) in the tourism sector. This study aims to use the resource-based theory and the convergence of interest hypothesis to explore the moderating role of CG in the relationship between BE and corporate profitability (CP). This investigation takes into account ten control variables encompassing company-specific factors and macroeconomic indicators. Utilizing financial data from the Taiwan Economics Journal Database (TEJ), the study covers a 16-year span (2000–2015) and examines 196 records from 32 publicly listed tourism companies. The analysis employs a fixed-effect panel regression approach, utilizing four distinct models with varying dependent variables. The results reveal a positive and significant impact of BE on CP within the context of Taiwanese-listed tourism firms. Importantly, CG is found to moderate the relationship between BE and CP. These findings offer actionable insights for management to enhance profitability by strategically improving both BE and CG practices within the tourism industry. The managerial implications are discussed in depth.
Development of a Spatial Tier 2 Emission Inventory for Agricultural Tractors by Combining Two Large-Scale Datasets
Authors: Lončarević Šimun , Ilinčić Petar , Šagi Goran , Lulić Zoran
Published: August 2023

Agricultural tractor emissions have a notable influence on total emissions and climate change. This is especially important when developing an agricultural machinery emission inventory since tractors are the most widely used agricultural machinery. However, as with other agricultural machinery, there is a significant lack of data concerning tractors. This study combined two large-scale datasets to develop a Tier 2 tractor emission inventory for the Republic of Croatia. The first dataset, which was collected via a large-scale survey with 8895 respondents, includes data on fuel consumption by machine and engine type. The second dataset, which is official data of the Ministry of the Interior, includes data on machinery age. Since there is no direct link between datasets, data on fuel consumption were calculated for each of 21 Croatian counties and were then linked to the corresponding municipalities’ tractor age and power rating of the vehicle fleet. The result was used to calculate tractor emissions by with a Tier 2 approach using the method listed in the 2019 EMEP/EEA emissions guidebook. The calculations were made for five exhaust emission components: carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOX) and particulate matter (PM). The continental counties had the highest emissions for all emission types, especially the Osječko-baranjska and Vukovarsko-srijemska counties. The Tier 2 emission inventory was compared to data calculated using the Tier 1 method on a county level. There were notable differences between the inventories for HC and PM emissions, which is mainly due to Tier 2 approach having different emission factors depending on vehicle age. The end result was compared to the already existing Tier 1 emission inventory on a county level.
String Theory Bounds on the Cosmological Constant, the Higgs Mass, and the Quark and Lepton Masses
Authors: Berglund Per , Hübsch Tristan , Minic Djordje
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we elaborate on the new understanding of the cosmological constant and the gauge hierarchy problems in the context of string theory in its metastring formulation, based on the concepts of modular spacetime and Born geometry. The interplay of phase space (and Born geometry), the Bekenstein bound, the mixing between ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) physics and modular invariance in string theory is emphasized. This new viewpoint is fundamentally rooted in quantum contextuality and not in statistical observer bias (anthropic principle). We also discuss the extension of this point of view to the problem of masses of quarks and leptons and their respective mixing matrices.
Landauer’s Princple for Fermionic Fields in One-Dimensional Bags
Authors: Cao Yu-Song , Liu Yanxia , Zhang Rong
Published: August 2023

In recent years, growing interest has been paid to the exploration of the concepts of entropy, heat and information, which are closely related to the symmetry properties of the physical systems in quantum theory. In this paper, we follow this line of research on the the validity of the concepts in quantum field theory by studying Landauer’s principle for a Dirac field interacting perturbatively with an Unruh–DeWitt detector in a 1+1-dimensional MIT bag cavity. When the field is initially prepared in the vacuum state, we find that the field always absorbs heat, while the Unruh–DeWitt detector can either gain or lose entropy, depending on its motion status, as a result of the Unruh effect. When the field is initially prepared in the thermal state and the detector remains still, the heat transfer and entropy change can be obtained under two additional but reasonable approximations: (i) one is where the duration of the interaction is turned on for a sufficiently long period, and (ii) the other is where the Unruh–DeWitt detector is in resonance with one of the field modes. Landauer’s principle is verified for both considered cases. Compared to the results of a real scalar field, we find that the formulas of the vacuum initial state differ solely in the internal degree of freedom of the Dirac field, and the distinguishability of the fermion and anti-fermion comes into play when the initial state of the Dirac field is thermal. We also point out that the results for a massless fermionic field can be obtained by taking the particle mass m→0 straightforwardly.
Geochemical Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms of the Geothermal Waters from the Reshui Area, Dulan of Qinghai, China
Authors: Wang Bing , Qin Xiwei , Ren Erfeng , Feng Ning , Yang Sha , Li Wei , Li Guorong , Jiang Ziwen
Published: August 2023

The Reshui area, located to the northeast of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, exhibits complex geological conditions, well-developed structures, and strong hydrothermal activities. The distribution of hot springs within this area is mainly controlled by faults. In this paper, five hot springs from the area were taken as the research object. We comprehensively studied the geochemical characteristics and genetic mechanism of the geothermal water by conducting a field investigation, hydrogeochemistry and environmental isotopic analysis (87Sr/86Sr, δ2H, δ18O, 3H). The surface temperature of the geothermal water ranges from 84 to 91 °C. The geothermal water in the area exhibits a pH value ranging between 8.26 and 8.45, with a total dissolved solids’ (TDS) concentration falling between 2924 and 3140 mg/L, indicating a weakly alkaline saline nature. It falls into the hydrochemical type CI-Na and contains a relatively high content of trace components such as Li, Sr, B, Br, etc., which are of certain developmental value. Ion ratio analysis and strontium isotope characteristics show that the dissolution of evaporite minerals and carbonate minerals serves as a hot spring for the main source of solutes. Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics findings indicate that the geothermal water is primarily recharged via atmospheric precipitation. Moreover, the tritium isotopic data suggest that the geothermal water is a mixture of both recent water and ancient water. Moreover, the recharge elevation is estimated to be between 6151 and 6255 m. and the recharge area is located in the Kunlun Mountains around the study area. The mixing ratio of cold water, calculated using the silicon enthalpy equation, is approximately 65% to 70%. Based on the heat storage temperature calculated using the silicon enthalpy equation and the corrected quartz geothermal temperature scale, we infer that the heat storage temperature of geothermal water in the area ranges from 234.4 to 247.8 °C, with a circulation depth between 7385 and 7816 m. The research results are highly valuable in improving the research level concerning the genesis of high-temperature geothermal water in Reshui areas and provide essential theoretical support for the rational development and protection of geothermal resources in the area.
Towards Sustainable Consumption and Production in a Thirsty World: Progress and Challenges in Water Footprint Assessment
Authors: Aldaya Maite M. , Sesma-Martín Diego , Rodriguez Corina Iris
Published: August 2023

Humanity’s need for freshwater has more than doubled since the 1960s, in line with population and economic growth [...]
Two-Leak Isolation in Water Distribution Networks Based on k-NN and Linear Discriminant Classifiers
Authors: Rodríguez-Argote Carlos Andrés , Begovich-Mendoza Ofelia , Navarro-Díaz Adrián , Santos-Ruiz Ildeberto , Puig Vicenç , Delgado-Aguiñaga Jorge Alejandro
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the two-simultaneous-leak isolation problem in water distribution networks is addressed. This methodology relies on optimal sensor placement together with a leak location strategy using two well-known classifiers: k-NN and discriminant analysis. First, zone segmentation of the water distribution network is proposed, aiming to reduce the computational cost that involves all possible combinations of two-leak scenarios. Each zone is composed of at least two consecutive nodes, which means that the number of zones is at most half the number of nodes. With this segmentation, the leak identification task is to locate the zones where the pair of leaks are occurring. To quantify the uncertainty degree, a relaxation node criterion is used. The simulation results evidenced that the outcomes are accurate in most cases by using one-relaxation-node and two-relaxation-node criteria.
Removal of Disperse Yellow-42 Dye by Catalytic Ozonation Using Iron and Manganese-Loaded Zeolites
Authors: Ali Zarafshan , Ikhlaq Amir , Qazi Umair Yaqub , Akram Asia , Ul-Hasan Iftikhar , Alazmi Amira , Qi Fei , Javaid Rahat
Published: August 2023

In this research, the efficiency of the catalytic activity of iron and manganese-loaded (bimetallic) sodium zeolite was investigated for the ozonation-based removal of disperse yellow 42 dye. The impregnation method was used to deposit Fe and Mn on the surface of sodium zeolite. The morphological analysis of sodium zeolite before and after Fe and Mn deposition was conducted by SEM, EDX, and FTIR. It was found that several variables, including the ozone dose, contact time, pH, catalyst dose, and hydroxyl radical scavenger action, greatly influenced the efficiency of dye removal. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal by catalytic ozonation using Fe and Mn-loaded sodium zeolite from real dye textile wastewater was also investigated. After 30 min of treatment with catalytic ozonation at pH 6, the maximum 73% removal of disperse yellow 42 dye was achieved with a catalyst dose of 0.5 g and an ozone dose supply of 1.8 mg/min. In catalytic ozonation with the hydroxyl radical scavenger effect (HRSE), the decline in removal efficiency from 73% to 61% demonstrated that removal efficiency was highly dependent on hydroxyl radical production. The COD removal efficiency in the real textile wastewater was 59% with the ozonation process, which increased to 79% after catalytic ozonation.
O ESTÁGIO EM MÚLTIPLAS LINGUAGENS DA LITERATURA INFANTIL NA ESCOLA E A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Figueiredo Fabiane Fischer , Rudnick Marilda Da Silva , Sewo Mirian Toshiko
Published: August 2023

O presente relato tem como objetivo a reflexão, a partir das vivências na Oficina Literária na Escola, denominada Ei, psiu! Venha conviver com as diferenças!, da Graduação em Pedagogia, modalidade a distância da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), que ocorreram por meio das práticas realizadas no componente curricular Práticas Pedagógicas e Ensino, do Estágio I-Múltiplas Linguagens: Literatura Infantil na Escola. Além do relato e da discussão das práticas realizadas, utilizou-se os estudos teóricos das disciplinas do Curso e, também, por meio de pesquisas e aprofundamentos com leituras complementares, relacionadas à formação e constituição docente, bem como à prática pedagógica. A conclusão é que este trabalho proporcionou vivências importantes para o processo de formação docente e a constituição do docente, no que diz respeito ao trabalho com a literatura na escola.
ANÁLISE DA INFLUÊNCIA DA LEI Nº 12.305/2010 E DO DECRETO Nº 57.817/2012 NO ÍNDICE DE QUALIDADE DE ATERRO DE RESÍDUOS (IQR) DOS MUNICÍPIOS DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO ALTO TIETÊ CABECEIRAS, ENTRE 1997 A 2017
Authors: Aparecida Prado Rosa Carolina , Dalmas Fabricio Bau
Published: August 2023

Nesta pesquisa foi estabelecido como objetivo geral analisar como a gestão e disposição correta dos resíduos sólidos vêm sendo realizada após a instituição da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (Lei 12.305/2010 ) e do Programa Estadual de Implementação de Projetos de Resíduos Sólidos (Decreto 57.817/2012) nos munícipios que compõem a Bacia Hidrográfica do Alto Tietê Cabeceiras, entre os anos de 1997  2017. Também pretende estabelecer uma relação entre a evolução da gestão dos resíduos, PIB e IDH de cada município que compõem a área de estudo. A metodologia empregada foi baseada em um levantamento de dados presentes nos Inventários de Resíduos Sólidos Estadual elaborados pela Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB), uma análise dos termos e definições presentes na Lei e no Decreto e uma revisão bibliográfica de estudos, levantamentos e diagnósticos já apresentados relacionados o setor dos resíduos sólidos. Neste sentido, foram levantados dados referentes a quantidade de resíduos produzidos diariamente, a destinação final dos mesmos, além do IQR, PIB e IDH de cada município. Dessa forma, após todas análises realizadas, concluiu-se que as legislações apresentaram resultados positivos na melhora dos locais de disposição final e tratamento dos resíduos, uma vez que se nota um importante estágio de desenvolvimento na gestão adequada dos mesmos.
DESAFIOS DA GOVERNANÇA DA BIODIVERSIDADE EM GUARULHOS A PARTIR DO PLANEJAMENTO INTEGRADO PARA AS PARA AS ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS LOCAIS
Authors: Alves Duarte dos Santos Solange , Vieira Fernando Oliveira , Fonseca de Souza Gabrielly Da Rocha , Barros Edson José de , Costa Fabio Moreira da
Published: August 2023

As áreas protegidas são reconhecidamente a principal estratégia de conservação da natureza, desempenhando papel estratégico para manutenção dos ecossistemas e na proteção das espécies em seus habitats naturais. O objeto deste trabalho, são unidades de conservação municipais em Guarulhos, categoria de áreas protegidas estabelecidas pelo Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação, que têm relevante importância como instrumento de planejamento e gestão territorial, importantes na reorganização do território, compatibilizando uso e proteção, proporcionando melhora na qualidade de vida local. O objetivo aqui é apresentar os resultados do Planejamento Integrado para os Planos de Manejo das Unidades de Conservação Municipais, elaborado por equipe técnica multidisciplinar, da Prefeitura de Guarulhos, no período de 2019 e 2020. Com a delimitação da área de estudo, considerando os limites das unidades de conservação, as zonas de amortecimento propostas e o perímetro da Macrozona de Áreas Ambientalmente Protegidas, realizou-se o Diagnóstico Ambiental. Tal estudo reuniu elementos, como: dados e informações de estudos técnicos, levantamentos bibliográficos e mapeamentos temáticos, trabalhos de campo, validados em oficinas, contando com contribuições da sociedade civil, comunidade científica e especialistas, que conduziram a elaboração dos Programas de Gestão. Os resultados se traduziram nos quatro planos de manejo, mapeamentos de áreas prioritárias para conservação da biodiversidade e para recuperação ambiental. Outro importante produto é a proposta inovadora de gestão integrada a partir do Mosaico Municipal de Unidades de Conservação. Com a conclusão dos estudos, o grande desafio para a municipalidade, é garantir a governança da biodiversidade a partir da conservação dos espaços protegidos.
Upaya meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar matematik siswa melalui model pembelajaran project-based learning
Authors: Hasanah Nur , Marzuki Marzuki , Rusmar Irfan , Hamdani Hamdani
Published: August 2023

In the era of globalization education is very important, because education can create human beings who are of high quality, character, and have broad insights. The purpose of this study was to find out that the use of project-based learning models can increase motivation and student learning outcomes in fraction material in class V of Elementary School (SD). This research is classroom action research conducted through 2 cycles using the spiral model by C. Kemmis and MC. Taggart. The subjects in this study were fifth grade elementary school students with a total of 24 students. The data collection technique uses a comparative descriptive method by comparing the results before the action is given, namely, the pre-cycle until the action is completed. In the pre-cycle stage, the percentage of students' learning motivation was obtained by 29.1% in the medium category, 70.8% in the low category and for the high category at this pre-cycle stage, 0%. Then gradually in cycle 1 it increased to 33.3% in the high category, 45.8% in the medium, and 20.8% in the low category. Finally, in cycle 2, there was a significant increase in the high category, namely 83.3%, medium 12.5%, and 4.1% low category. The increase in students' learning motivation also affected their learning outcomes, where in the pre-cycle the percentage was 41.6%, and it experienced a gradual increase in cycle 1 with a percentage of 66.6%. Phase 2 cycle also increased with a percentage of 83.3%. In conclusion, using the project-based learning model can support student learning activities in increasing motivation, and students' mathematical learning outcomes in the subject of fractions in elementary school.
Students’ learning obstacles in understanding of fraction concept during online learning
Authors: Hariyani Mimi , Herawati Herawati , Andriani Melly , Suherman Suherman
Published: August 2023

This study described students' learning obstacles in understanding fraction concepts at elementary schools during online learning. The subject was 38 person of fifth-grade students of elementary schools in Bandung and Pekanbaru, Indonesia. In this study, data was collecting through tests, interviews, and curriculum documents. The data was analyzed by reducing, presenting, and making conclusions. The results show that students faced three learning obstacles: ontogenic, epistemological, and didactical. The ontogenic obstacle is caused by students' inability to understand that the fraction parts must be the same. The epistemological obstacle is an obstacle caused by the inability of students to understand the equivalence of fractions. The didactical obstacle is caused by the teaching material presented had not introduced the concept of fractions comprehensively, so the students cannot interpret fractions ultimately.
Ways of thinking siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah pola bilangan non rutin: Suatu penelitian fenomenologi hermeneutik
Authors: Aiyub Aiyub
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating and exploring students' ways of thinking (WoT) in solving non-routine number pattern problems. This study used a qualitative method with a hermeneutic phenomenological approach with grade 8 students at a junior high school in Banda Aceh. To achieve the research objectives, data collection was carried out using a written test instrument with a number pattern on a 4-digit palindrome, structured documentation, and clinical interviews. The results of the study show that students' WoT in solving non-routine number pattern problems is that there are four approaches used in solving non-routine problems, namely: first, determining the special case; second, determining the pattern; third, using a mathematical model; and fourth, using a similar problem. The subject of critical reflection uses the three WoTs above except for using similar problems. The subject of explicit reflection uses the three approaches above except for using a mathematical model. While Subjects who cannot solve the problem only use the strategy of identifying special cases. Another finding is that the subject of critical reflection tends to use different strategies from those given by the teacher, is unique, and gives reasons for algebraic forms. In contrast, explicit reflection subjects tend to be less flexible in using strategies and tend to use inductive or arithmetic reasons. To support students in their ability to pattern and think algebraically, teachers must accustom students to solving non-routine mathematical problems in various contexts of learning by using number patterns.
Research and Discussion of Quantum Theory
Authors: Huang Zhi-Xun
Published: August 2023

Quantum information technology mainly includes quantum communication, quantum radar, quantum computer these three aspects, in recent years, rapid development, many countries invested heavily in development. The awarding of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2022 to three scientists for their work in quantum informatics has further stimulated people's interest in quantum theory, which has been studied and discussed. This paper not only reviews the historical situation, but also thinks and innovates in theory. The main contents of this paper are as follows: It is pointed out that there are fundamental contradictions between relativity and quantum mechanics; The wave function, quantum statistics and uncertainty principle are discussed in detail. The hidden variable theory is reviewed and the Bell inequality is discussed. The Aspect two-photon experiment was analyzed. The rationality of Bohm experiment scheme is discussed. The development of Bell type experiment is discussed. It is pointed out that the entangled state is not acting at a distance but propagating faster than the speed of light. Reviews the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics; Quantum communication and Wootters theorem are discussed. etc. This paper holds that quantum mechanics has been finalized from 1926 to 1928, and its basic content has not changed much. But for some of the accusations, it is necessary to answer them theoretically. For example, we believe that the Copenhagen interpretation fundamentally changes our understanding of nature and marks a profound revolution in physics. And no other theory has since emerged that has such a profound understanding and wide application of microscopic phenomena as this interpretation. Another example is Bohm's two-particle correlation spin scheme in quantum entanglement experiments, which has been proved to be effective in a series of experiments, which is an important contribution in Bohm's life. This paper holds that the so-called quantum field theory is a failure, and the original quantum mechanics should still be advocated today. Current theoretical research should pay great attention to quantum entangled states, because its nature is still unclear. Understanding this "first mystery of the physical world" not only has scientific significance, but also has great philosophical significance for understanding the universe.
Leave-Intercalation Theory and Conductive Mechanism during Charge-Discharge Process for Secondary Battery
Authors: Yang C. Z.
Published: August 2023

The source of conductive ions in the charge and discharge process of AB5/β-Ni(OH)2, 2H-graphite/ LiMeO2and 2H-graphite/LiFePO4batteries is thought to be provided by the phase transition of positive active materials, so it is called phase transition theory. Through the detailed study of the charge and discharge processes of AB5/β-Ni(OH)2, 2H-graphite/ Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2and 2H-graphite/LiFePO4, it is found that the source of conductive ions is the de-intercalation of H (nickel-hydrogen battery) and Li (lithium-ion battery) in positive and negative active materials, and the de-intercalation theory is proposed. On this basis, the conductive mechanisms of these three types of batteries are clarified: The directional migration and movement of conductive ions under the action of electric field
Study on the Mechanism of Cycle and Storage Process of Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Yang C. Z.
Published: August 2023

The changes of battery performance, crystal structure, fine structure and microstructure of positive and negative active materials in the processes of cycle and storage of lithium-ion battery were studied experimentally, and the change of battery performance was related to the structure change of positive and negative active materials. The mechanism of cycle and storage process was revealed, and the attenuation mechanism of battery cycle performance and storage performance was discussed. The method and action mechanism of improving cycle-storage performance are introduced.
The Role of Sustainable Finance and Technology at Bank BJB in Supporting the "Sustainable Development Goals"
Authors: Wuaten Franky Mogi
Published: August 2023

On September 25, 2015, UN member states raised a series of the 2030 Sustainable Development agenda which includes 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs consist of: No poverty, No hunger, Healthy and prosperous life, Quality education, Gender equality, Clean water and proper sanitation, Clean and affordable energy, Decent work and economic growth, Industry-innovation and infrastructure, Less gap, Sustainable cities and settlements, Responsible consumption and production, Handling climate change, Marine Ecosystem, Land ecosystem, Peace-justice and strong institutions, Partnership to achieve goals. Fintech activities in small and medium enterprises in the community have been proven to be accelerated quickly with the digitization of MSMEs. This is supported by the availability of quality and sustainable infrastructure, as well as access to Information and Communication Technology (ICT). 
The Government's commitment to implementing sustainable development is specifically regulated in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) for 2020-2024. Sustainable development has been defined as one of the important aspects that aim to provide access to equitable and inclusive development, as well as protect the environment. The role of sustainable finance in World Wildlife Funding ( WWF) and the Financial Services Authority (OJK) jointly encourage the Banking Industry to play a role in Sustainable Finance Development while supporting the process of community economic development. The activities above also make environmentalists, companies and the government mutually encourage all these positive activities to be carried out nationally and globally so as to contribute to sustainable economic development and support equality in the economic, social and cultural sectors.
Agensi dan Kewarganegaraan Inklusif bagi Perempuan Penyandang Disabilitas: Studi Kasus Peran HWDI dalam Penanganan Covid-19 di Jakarta
Authors: Salsabila Widyadhari  , Sri Lestari Wahyuningroem
Published: August 2023

Persons with disabilities experience vulnerability in fulfilling their right to protection in a pandemic situation This study aims to examine the participation process of groups of persons with disabilities, namely the Indonesian Association of Women with Disabilities (Himpunan Wanita Disabilitas Indonesia – HWDI) through the struggle for disability protection during the Covid-19 period in DKI Jakarta. This study uses the perspective of inclusive citizenship to see efforts to involve active participation of citizens in encouraging the fulfillment of rights by the government. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with narrative analysis techniques. The results of the study show that although HWDI has been able to influence the DKI Jakarta provincial government in several policies, there are rights that still need to be fulfilled in the dimension of inclusive citizenship. These rights include social, civil, and political rights which have not been fulfilled by the government, which has implications for persons with disabilities not being further involved in handling the Covid-19 pandemic.
Estudios biológicos del “taladrillo de la madera” Xyletinus brasiliensis Pic, 1902 (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) en Argentina
Authors: Rossi-Batiz María Fernanda
Published: August 2023

Los insectos xilófagos encuentran alimento y sitio para su desarrollo en maderas de árboles en pie, construcciones y mobiliario. Entre los años 2020-2022 se realizaron ensayos de cría experimental del “taladrillo de la madera” Xyletinus brasiliensis Pic, reconocida plaga a nivel mundial de archivos, museos, bibliotecas y edificios, a fin de conocer aspectos sobre la biología que resulten de interés para su control. Se cita y describe también el daño ocasionado por la especie en un mueble de roble antiguo y se mencionan aspectos de su comportamiento. Se aportan características morfológicas y biológicas para su reconocimiento y se amplía la distribución geográfica de la especie.
Rancangan electronic load control 1 fasa pada simulator pembangkit listrik tenaga piko hidro
Authors: Mursanto Wahyu Budi , Purnama Muhammad Ardhyan Putra , Pudin Apip
Published: August 2023

Pada sebuah pembangkit listrik tenaga pikohidro (PLTH) diperlukan kontrol beban konsumen supaya generator tidak mengalami kerusakan akibat tidak stabilnya tegangan dan arus keluaran generator. Electronic load control (ELC) merupakan pilihan untuk mengatur beban tersebut. Namun, ELC di pasaran menggunakan konfigurasi beban ballast dengan pengendalian yang memanipulasi gelombang masukannya untuk mengatur besarnya beban ballast, sehingga berakibat pada tingginya harmonisa. Harmonisa merupakan gangguan pada sistem ketenagalistrikan yang berdampak buruk bagi generator. Sehingga, dalam penelitan ini memiliki tujuan untuk merancang ELC pada simulator PLTH yang memiliki harmonisa lebih kecil dengan metode menggabungkan kombinasi beban ballast metode beban biner dengan metode phase angle.  Dari pengujian generator didapatkan hasil bahwa maksimal beban generator adalah sebesar 210 W sehingga digunakan konfigurasi 3 buah lampu dengan metode beban biner dimana lampu 1 bernilai 25 W, lampu 2 bernilai 50 W, lampu 3 bernilai 100 W, 1 buah lampu beban utama bernilai 200 W, dan 1 buah lampu dengan metode phase angle bernilai 25 W. Dengan rancangan tersebut, ELC hasil rancangan dapat bekerja dengan baik dibuktikan dengan parameter tegangan generator yang stabil pada tegangan 215 V dan arus 1 A. Pengujian harmonisa menunjukkan bahwa ELC rancangan mampu mereduksi harmonisa tegangan sebesar 3% dan harmonisa arus tereduksi sebesar 13,1% dibandingkan dengan ELC pabrikan.
Implementasi algoritma LFUDA pada arsitektur NDN
Authors: Irfan Taufik , Slameta Slameta , Hanifatunnisa Rifa
Published: August 2023

NDN (Named Data Network) merupakan sebuah arsitektur jaringan yang menerapkan prinsip content-centric, yaitu pengguna mendapatkan data berdasarkan penamaan konten, bukan berdasarkan server tertentu. Keefektifan dari prinsip ini membuat router NDN memiliki kemampuan untuk memenuhi permintaan pengguna, tanpa perlu merujuk ke server. Dalam skenario tersebut, pentingnya algoritma yang efisien untuk mengelola penghapusan konten dari cache menjadi sangat krusial. Untuk menangani masalah tersebut, penelitian ini mengadopsi algoritma caching Least Frequently Used with Dynamic Aging (LFUDA) dalam lingkungan arsitektur NDN. Simulasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ndnSIM, dan beberapa parameter utama diukur dalam skenario berbagai tingkat interest dan kapasitas penyimpanan konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, dibandingkan dengan algoritma caching FIFO (First In First Out) dan LRU (Least Recently Used), LFUDA mampu mencapai rasio hit rate yang lebih tinggi dan nilai rata-rata delay dan hop yang lebih rendah. Spesifik untuk skenario dengan 10 interest, LFUDA menunjukkan keunggulan sebesar 4,24% dibandingkan FIFO dan 4,09% dibandingkan LRU. Sementara itu, pada skenario dengan kapasitas penyimpanan 50 paket, delay rata-rata LFUDA sekitar 61% lebih rendah dibandingkan FIFO dan LRU. Hasil ini mengindikasikan superioritas LFUDA sebagai algoritma manajemen caching di dalam konteks NDN, meskipun pengembangan lebih lanjut masih dibutuhkan untuk peningkatan performa dalam berbagai kondisi interest dan kapasitas penyimpanan.
E-Watering: agroteknologi penyiram tanaman hias menggunakan komunikasi nirkabel dengan metode fuzzy logic
Authors: Kurnia Irawan , Hartono R. Wahyu Tri , Hasanah Rahmawati
Published: August 2023

Anggrek merupakan jenis bunga yang banyak varietasnya, namun pembiakan secara vegetatif sangat lambat. Media tanam anggrek perlu menjadi perhatian agar berhasil dalam budidayanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem penyiram tanaman hias dengan menggunakan komunikasi nirkabel berbasis fuzzy logic. Sistem ini diberi nama e-Watering. Sistem dirancang agar mampu mengontrol secara elektronik kebutuhan tanaman anggrek yang meliputi: parameter pH media tanam, kelembapan, dan suhu udara yang disesuaikan dengan tipe anggreknya. Metode fuzzy logic dirancang untuk mengatur durasi penyiraman berdasarkan suhu dan kelembapan. E-Watering juga dilengkapi komunikasi nirkabel, sehingga secara sistem mampu memantau kondisi tanaman dalam jarak jauh selama tersedia jaringan internet. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, e-Watering telah berfungsi dengan baik sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Sensor suhu memiliki error rate 0,71%, sensor kelembapan 1,68%, dan sensor pH 0,077%. Fuzzy logic yang dirancang juga telah mampu melakukan pengaturan waktu siram sesuai kebutuhan.
Perancangan PJUTS terpusat off-grid di wilayah 1 Taman Hutan Raya Ir. H. Djuanda Bandung
Authors: Adji Bayu Rinanda , Prajogo Sapto , Pudin Apip
Published: August 2023

Wilayah 1 Taman Hutan Raya Ir. H. Djuanda Bandung sudah terpasang penerangan jalan umum dengan keadaan padam dan hanya beberapa lampu saja yang menyala sehingga saat malam hari dapat mengancam keamanan dan keselamatan pengguna jalan tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan perancangan penerangan jalan umum tenaga surya (PJUTS) baru yang dipasang terpusat off-grid wilayah 1 Taman Hutan Raya Ir. H. Djuanda. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah analisis data lapangan melalui tahapan perhitungan sizing dari beberapa spesifikasi PJUTS yang dirancang kemudian disimulasikan pada software HOMER agar dapat diketahui perancangan PJUTS tersebut dapat dijalankan atau tidak. Hasil perancangan PJUTS terpusat off-grid dibutuhkan 16 unit PJU baru dengan daya masing-masing 30 Watt, 4 unit panel surya 455 Wp/unit, 1 unit inverter 1 kW, 5 unit baterai untuk memenuhi kebutuhan PJU sebesar 5,76 kWh/hari. Sistem kabel dan proteksi listrik pada PJUTS membutuhkan kabel NYY 3 x 1,5 mm2  dengan MCB 3A untuk PJU, sedangkan kabel PV 2 x 1,5 mm2 dengan MCB 10 A untuk panel surya. Adapun kabel baterai dibutuhkan NYY 3 x 16 mm2 dengan MCB 125 A.  Simulasi pada software HOMER dapat dijalankan dan listrik yang diproduksi sebesar 2.277 kWh/tahun.
5, 6 ve 7. Sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler Ders Kitaplarının Kültür Okuryazarlığı Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇELİK Meltem Elif , GÜLEÇ Selma
Published: August 2023

Kültür bir toplumun nesilden nesle aktardığı gelenek, görenek, mimari yapı ve yaşam şeklidir. Kültür okuryazarlığı ise bireylerin kültürü yansıtan değerleri, unsurları tanımasını, sahiplenmesini sağlar. Kültürü anlama, yaşama, sahip çıkma öğrenimi ailede başlar okullarda devam eder. Eğitim ve öğretimin temel amaçlarından biri de toplumun kültürünü bireylere aktarmak ve onları topluma katılmaya hazır hale getirmektir. Okulların kültür aktarımını ve kültür okuryazarlığını sağlamasının önemli yollarından biri de ders kitaplarıdır. Bu araştırmanın amacı 5., 6. ve 7. sınıf sosyal bilgiler öğretim programı kazanımlarının ve ders kitaplarının kültür okuryazarlığı açısından incelenmesidir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan doküman incelemesi deseni benimsenmiştir. Veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarında kültür okuryazarlığına ilişkin kazanımların Birey ve Toplum, Kültür ve Miras ve Küresel Bağlantılar öğrenme alanlarında yer aldığı ve kültürel kavramların en çok 6. sınıf düzeyinde geçtiği görülmektedir. 5 ve 6. Sınıf düzeyinde en fazla kavramın Kültür ve Miras; 7. sınıfta ise Kültür ve Miras ve Küresel Bağlantılar öğrenme alanında yer aldığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarının kültür okuryazarlığını kazandırma düzeyinde yeterli olduğu ancak el sanatları türlerinin ders kitabında yeterince yer almadığı tespit edilmiştir ve bu doğrultuda öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Internalization of Faith and Piety Values in the Formation of Personality Through Contemporary Science Learning
Authors: Arifudin Iis , Khobir Abdul , Syafeie Ahmad Khomaini
Published: August 2023

Adolescents are in a transitional period where they seek their identity. Their thoughts and stances are constantly changing. If teenagers get good guidance from adults, they will become valuable people for themselves and their environment. Otherwise, they will be in doubt. Eventually, they will fall into a negative direction that will harm them. The purpose of this study is to explain the internalization of the values of faith and piety in the formation of personality through learning contemporary science. This research was conducted using a descriptive-analytic method with a quantitative approach. While the data collection steps used in this study were interviews, participatory observation, documentation studies, and questionnaires, The results of this study indicate that the teacher's efforts to internalize the values of faith and piety in the formation of student personality at Al Azhar 5 Islamic High School in Cirebon City through modern science learning, which includes praying before and after learning, reciting the Koran for 15 minutes the first hour before teaching and learning activities, and linking the subject matter to the content of faith and piety (imtaq), are categorized as very good based on student response data obtained by 82.2%. The obstacles faced by teachers in internalizing the values of faith and piety in the formation of students' personalities at SMA Islam Al Azhar 5 in Cirebon City through modern science learning include the lack of understanding of some teachers of non-Islamic religious education subjects in linking subjects with faith and piety.
Implementation of Tajweed Learning with Jigsaw Strategy and Contextual Learning
Authors: Kasman Kasman , Rahman Aulia
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this research is motivated by religious learning that uses more lectures or da'wah methods. In contrast, Islamic religious education, specifically in tajwid, should use more practice and contextual, including educators' need for more attention in providing motivation and innovation in the learning process. This study uses a qualitative method with a social, educational approach. This type of research is field research, so the data obtained comes from the practice of tajwid teacher learning using observation and interviews. The study results on implementing the Jigsaw and Contextual Learning strategies in Islamic learning, especially in tajwid learning at the Mandailing Natal State Islamic College, use the seven essential components of the Jigsaw strategy. Then later in its implementation, students study in groups with cooperative techniques and try to be responsible for the assignments given. Using the seven essential components of the Jigsaw strategy is an original contribution to learning the Islamic religion. In addition, the implementation of group learning using cooperative techniques and emphasizing student responsibility for the assignments given also provides added value in this research.