bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENJURUSAN SISWA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Utami Yustina Retno Wahyu , Kusumaningrum, Andriani
Published: August 2018

Inappropriately high school majors can be detrimental to students in the future. With the right majors are expected to maximize the potential, talent and ability of individual students, so that will maximize the academic value of these students. The method of majors conducted in a school is basically still using conventional methods so there are some weaknesses of the method and in the determination of its course only based on ranking, without specifying the weight of each criteria, with the method based on the analysis and experience that happened there are still some students can not compete with his classmates in developing his academic potential and ultimately to solve the problem in one school to re-clarify at the beginning of the even semester which aims to map the ability of each student and the necessity to build a student majors application based on the academic potential that is able to generate maximum decisions from each student, by looking at the existing problems it is needed an alternative solution that is by designing and building Supporting System Decision in Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, supported by Unified Modeling Language (UML) as application design, PHP as programming language and MySQL as its database. In the test of the built application, using the Blackbox method, and the system feasibility test results using 25 test attributes, 21 valid attributes and 4 invalid attributes and a feasibility value generated from the system of 84%, thus the application is eligible to use despite the repair and development still needs to be improved.
SISTEM MONITORING MOBIL RENTAL MENGGUNAKAN GPS TRACKER
Authors: Mahendra Dedie Citra , Susyanto Teguh , Siswanti Sri
Published: August 2018

Currently car rental business is a business that promises many benefits. The number of car rental service customers each year is increasing, this is seen from the number of car rental businessmen increasingly from year to year. But behind the business profits are quite tempting there have been many complaints in the car rental business is the crime of theft. There have been many tools or ways taken to overcome the crime of car theft, but not many can be the right solution. Making this monitoring application aims to implement a GPS Tracking based security system in which the monitor can display the status and location of the existence of the car that has been hired.The method used is object-oriented software engineering including data types, data retrieval methods, system analysis, system design, system development, and testing. The end result of this research is a tool and monitoring application system capable of displaying icon maker according to the existence of the car and can display notification or alert. The tool used is Arduino Uno with some modules like GPS Module to capture coordinates and GPRS Module to send data to the database server.To view using the web with the monitoring map and alert system. Alert system will automatically process the data into the database, if the lease time exceeds the limit of rent then the alert will process the distance data between a rental car with garage. If the distance exceeds 4 km then the system will display alert/notification. Then the admin can also track the existence of the car. The functional test result of the system works well, the result of the validity test of the system provides valid data with 0.0002 tolerance average, and the result of the feasibility test of the system can be declared eligible for use.
PREDIKSI PENYAKIT TUBERCULOSIS (TBC) MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA C4.5
Authors: Febriyanto Deny , Kurniawan Yogiek Indra
Published: August 2018

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by mycobacteria, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB disease remains one of the threats, especially in a country with low and middle economic levels. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) TB disease became one of the biggest causes of death in the world. Indonesia ranks second with the largest number of TB cases in the world. In addition, there are some symptoms and factors that can cause a person affected by TB disease. For the treatment of TB disease can be done intensively, but it takes a long time. Research in the diagnosis of disease with classification techniques using C4.5 algorithm has been done by several previous researchers and get good results. Therefore, in this research will be predicted TB disease using C4.5 algorithm. The C4.5 algorithm is chosen because it is very easy to interpret, fast, and has high precision accuracy. The results of this study is an application that can help people to make the diagnosis of TB disease from an early age.
Sorption of Bivalent Ions by Cymbopogon citratus: Characterisation and Investigation of Biosorptive Capacity and Mechanism
Authors: Jayashree S. , Samuel Jeyavathana , Vashantha R.
Published: August 2018

The main objective of this study was to investigate the removal of cadmium(II) ions from aqueous solution using raw Cymbopogon citratus as an adsorbent. It was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM-EDAX and its physical parameters were analyzed. Different factors such as pH, contact time, initial concentration and temperature were studied. Maximum adsorption was taken place at the optimum pH of 6 and the equilibrium data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin Isotherm models. Among those isotherm models Langmuir and Temkin were fitted well with good correlation coefficient (R2). The negative values of ΔG⁰ for all temperature shows the adsorption process for cadmium(II) ion was spontaneous in nature and feasible. The negative value of enthalpy change ΔH⁰ shows the adsorption process is exothermic and the positive value of ΔS⁰ indicates the disorderness or randomness process of adsorption. The positive value of Ea indicates the higher solution temperature favors the adsorption of metal ion onto RCC. The experimental data were analyzed by kinetic studies such as pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion models. Desorption was also studied and the recovery of the adsorbent was found to be 10%. Thus on the basis of these investigations the present study concludes that the raw Cymbopogon citratus (RCC) was found to be highly effective, nontoxic, environmental friendly and low cost adsorbent for the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution.
Flavone Synthase II (CYP93B) of Antarctic Plant Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl.
Authors: Contreras Rodrigo A. , E. Zúñiga Gustavo
Published: August 2018

The role of flavonoids in plant-environmental stress has many biotechnological applications, in this way Antarctic plants have an important potential for molecular farming. However, the concentration and exploitation of resource are highly restricted, for this reason the use of enzymatic machinery of the Antarctic plants have importance for in vitro flavonoid production for different biotechnological applications. Despite their potential applications, key enzymes for flavonoid biosynthesis are poorly studied in non-model plants. In this work, we studied the flavonoid key enzyme, flavone synthase II (FNS II) in C. quitensis. The results show a cooperative kinetic model for NADPH and naringenin. The temperature and pH stability assays show optimal temperature between 20-30 °C, with an operative range from 2 to 37 °C, pH stability shows an optimum of 7.0 to 8.0, with operative range from 3.0 to 8.0, demonstrating a big thermal and pH-stability, an interesting characteristic to in vitro production of flavones.
AL-FÂTIHAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF MUFASIR NUSANTARA: Membandingkan Tafsir al-Qur’anul Majid an-Nur dan Tafsir al-Azhar
Authors: Rahman Arivaie
Published: August 2018

Abstrak: Artikel ini mendiskusikan tentang penafsiran surah al-Fâtihah menurut mufasir Indonesia, Hasbi ash-Shiddieqy dengan karyanya tafsir al-Qur’anul Majid an-Nur dan Hamka dengan karyanya tafsir al-Azhar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-analisis-komparatif. Penafsiran terhadap surah al-Fâtihah dapat diklasifikasikan mejadi dua komponen penting: komponen eksternal dan komponen internal. Komponen eksternal membicarakan tentang unsur-unsur luar surah al-Fâtihah, yaitu tentang penamaan surah, tempat dan periode turunnya surah, jumlah ayat dalam satu surah, fadhilah surah, asbâb al-nuzûl, lafal ta‘awudz dan âmîn. Sedangkan komponen internal merupakan unsur dalam surah al-Fâtihah, yaitu tauhid, janji dan ancaman, ibadah, jalan memperoleh kebahagiaan, dan kisah umat terdahulu. Hasil penelaahan terhadap kedua tafsir tersebut ditemui titik-titik perbedaan, namun perbedaan itu tidak prinsipil tetapi menarik untuk diungkap, misalnya Hasbi meyakini bahwa basmallâh merupakan ayat tersendiri yang terpisah dari surah al-Fâtihah. Hal ini berbeda dengan Hamka dan kebanyakan ahli tafsir yang umumnya menganggap basmallâh merupakan ayat pertama dari surah al-Fâtihah.
 
Abstract: Perspectives of Nusantara’s Mufassirs on al-Fâtihah: Comparing Tafsir al-Qur’anul Majid an-Nur and Tafsir al-Azhar. Using descriptive-analytical-comparative approach, this article discusses the interpretations of surah al-Fâtihah according to Hasbi ash-Shiddieqy’s masterpiece Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Majîd al-Nûr and Hamka’s Tafsir al-Azhar. The interpretation of surah al-Fâtihah can be classified into two important components: external components and internal components. The external components speak about the external elements of the surah al-Fâtihah, namely: the naming of surah, places and periods of revelation of the surah, its number of verses, asbâb al-nuzûl, pronunciation ta‘awudz and âmîn. While the internal component is the messages contained surah al-Fâtihah, namely: monotheism, promises and threaths, worship, the way of gaining happiness, and story of the past. The study found that the two authors differ at some points, although not principel ones. For example, Hasbi believes that basmallâh is a separate verse from surah al-Fâtihah, while Hamka, as do most commentators, considers basmallâh as the first verse of surah al-Fâtihah.

Kata Kunci: quran, mufasir, Nusantara, HAMKA, M. Hasbi ash-Shiddieqy
ORGANISASI ISLAM DI TANAH MELAYU: Ideologi dan Gerakan Al-Ittihadiyah Sebelum Era Reformasi
Authors: Rasyidin Al
Published: August 2018

Abstrak: Artikel ini menelaah organisasi Al-Ittihadiyah di Sumatera Utara. Secara khusus, artikel ini akan menguak ideologi yang diperjuangkan organisasi, amal usaha, serta perkembangannya di komunitas yang majemuk. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian kepustakaan yang didukung oleh data lapangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis isi. Artikel ini mengajukan temuan bahwa Al-Ittihadiyah merupakan salah satu organisasi Islam yang lahir di Kota Medan dimana kelompok ulama dan tokoh Melayu menjadi patron utama organisasi ini. Al-Ittihadiyah seakan menjadi corong bagi etnis Melayu di Sumatera Timur, dan ini yang membedakan mereka dengan etnis Minangkabau yang berafiliasi dengan Muhammadiyah dan etnis Mandailing yang berafiliasi dengan Al Jam’iyatul Washliyah. Selain itu, Al-Ittihadiyah sebagai organisasi tidak berafiliasi dengan mazhab akidah dan fikih tertentu, tetapi para pendukungnya adalah penganut mazhab Asy‘ariyah dan Syâfi‘iyah. Kemudian, Al-Ittihadiyah bergerak dalam bidang pendidikan, dakwah dan amal sosial, meskipun mulai dari awal kemerdekaan Al-Ittihadiyah terlibat dalam Partai Masyumi, dan kelak tokoh-tokohnya melibatkan diri dalam PPP yang akhirnya membuat organisasi ini kalah bersaing dengan Al Washliyah dan Muhammadiyah dalam pengembangan amal usahanya.   
 

Abstract: Islamic Organization in Malay Land: Ideology and Movements of Al-Ittihadiyah Before-Reform Era. This article examines the Al-Ittihadiyah organization in North Sumatra, focusing on its ideology, programs, and its development in a pluralistic community. This article is based on content analysys study, combining literary information and field data. This article proposes that Al-Ittihadiyah was one of the Islamic organizations established in Medan City, initiated and patronized by Malay clerics and prominent figures. As such this organisation has a very close ties with Malays, very much like the association of the Minangkabaus with Muhammadiyah and Mandailings with Al Jam’iyatul Washliyah. In addition, Al-Ittihadiyah as an organization is not affiliated with certain schools of faith and jurisprudence, but its supporters are adherents of the Ash‘ariyah and Syâfi‘iyah schools. Al-Ittihadiyah engages in education, da’wah and social charity. In the beginning of independence, Al-Ittihadiyah leaders joined the Masjumi Party, and later on the Unity and Development Party (PPP). It seems that this political involvement makes this organization unable to compete with Al Washliyah and Muhammadiyah.

Kata Kunci: organisasi Islam, Al-Ittihadiyah, mazhab, pendidikan, dakwah, politik, Melayu
NAHDLATUL ULAMA DI LUAR JAWA: Perkembangan di Tanah Mandailing
Authors: Pulungan Abbas
Published: August 2018

Abstrak: Artikel ini mengkaji perkembangan Nahdhatul Ulama di luar Jawa. Secara khusus, artikel ini akan menganalisa keberadaan dan perkembangan Nahdlatul Ulama di Tanah Mandailing. Kajian ini merupakan hasil dari penelitian kepustakaan dan lapangan. Sebab itu, data akan diperoleh tidak saja dari kegiatan telaah dokumen, tetapi juga kegiatan wawancara dan observasi. Data akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis data model Miles dan Huberman. Kajian ini mengajukan temuan bahwa pendirian Nahdlatul Ulama di Sumatera Utara diinisiasi oleh alumni Pesantren Musthafawiyah, sebuah pesantren tradisional yang didirikan oleh Syekh Musthafa Husein. Mayoritas alumni pesantren ini berasal dari suku Mandailing. Tetapi belakangan, kalangan santri tidak lagi memegang tampuk kepemimpinan tanfidziyah NU di Sumatera Utara. Kemudian awal kehadiran Nahdlatul Ulama di Sumatera Utara bermula dari kawasan Tapanuli lalu kemudian berpusat di Kota Medan dimana dua organisasi Islam lain telah lebih dahulu muncul, yaitu Al Washliyah dan Al-Ittihadiyah. Pengembangan NU semakin diperkuat oleh keberadaan kader NU di birokrasi pemerintahan (terutama Departemen Agama) dan legislatif sebagai dampak dari perubahan NU dari organisasi sosial keagamaan menjadi partai politik yang memiliki dukungan suara yang banyak.  
 
Abstract: Nahdlatul Ulama Beyond Java: The Development in Mandailing Land.  This article examines the development of Nahdhatul Ulama beyond Java, especially in Mandailing land. This article is based on a research that combine literary review and field study and apply Miles and Huberman model in data analysis. It was found that the establishment of Nahdlatul Ulama in North Sumatra was initiated by alumnies of Pesantren Musthafawiyah, a traditional pesantren founded by Sheikh Mustafa Husein. The role of these pesantren alumnies—mostly of Mandailing tribe—is now decreasing significantly. In fact, the leadership of Nahdlatul Ulama in North Sumatra is no longer in the hands of those santris. Nahdlatul Ulama in North Sumatra was originated from Tapanuli region before it expanded to Medan where two other Islamic organizations have appeared earlier, namely Al Washliyah and Al-Ittihadiyah. Its development was further strengthened by the presence of NU cadres in the government bureaucracy and legislative institutions.

Kata Kunci: Nahdlatul Ulama, politik, Mandailing, pesantren Musthafawiyah
Potential use of ethyl formate treatment to control surface pests of "Hass" avocado fruit
Authors: Pidakala Paul P.B. , Wilkinson Reuben T. , Nangul Agam , Hartnett Dominic E. , Page-Weir Natalie E.M. , Hawthorne Amanda J. , Jamieson Lisa E. , Woolf Allan B.
Published: August 2018

Ethyl formate (EF) is a Generally Recognised As Safe (GRAS) alternative to methyl bromide, with potential to control surface pests on New Zealand avocados before export. "Hass" avocados, two-spotted spider mites (TSM) and oleander scale (OS) insects were fumigated with 1.2% EF (240 g VAPORMATE™/m3) at 6 °C for 1, 2 or 4 h. Fruit were then stored at 5 °C for 3 weeks before external and internal fruit quality assessment. Survival of pest species was assessed 1 or 7 days later. Fumigation with 1.2% EF + 10% CO2 for 2 or 4 h controlled all life stages of non-diapausing TSM and all life stages of OS, apart from crawlers (0.3-0.7% survivorship). Diapausing TSM were harder to control (17% ± 4.8% mortality; 4-h treatment). Ethyl formate treatment resulted in damage to avocado skins (41% ± 5.3% – 91% ± 2.0%), and an increase in vascular browning and rots. The EF fumigations of avocado fruit at doses used here have potential to control non-diapausing mites and scale insects, but treated fruit were of unacceptable quality. Future studies could examine whether prior cool storage could reduce fruit damage.
Differences in insect anatomy may affect tolerance to the fumigant ethanedinitrile
Authors: Gidiglo Godwin N. , Najar-Rodriguez Adriana J. , Hall Matthew K.D. , Minor Maria A. , Wang Qiao
Published: August 2018

Ethanedinitrile (EDN) is a potential alternative fumigant to methyl bromide for the phytosanitary treatment of timber and logs. Previously, adult golden-haired bark beetles (Hylurgus ligniperda) have shown high rates of tolerance to EDN, while all life stages of burnt-pine longhorn beetles (Arhopalus ferus) were highly susceptible. These results suggest that the fumigant mode of action might be species-specific and more complex than previously thought. Therefore, the anatomy of these beetles was examined to investigate potential differences in EDN toxicity related to these insect traits. The mesothoracic and fourth abdominal cuticles of 20 individuals were measured and compared across the two species. Spiracle sizes of 20 adult insects were also measured and compared across and within species. Of the two species, A. ferus had the thicker dorsal thoracic and abdominal cuticle. Adults of A. ferus had also the larger total spiracle area. These results provide important information to help explain the observed differences in EDN tolerance across the two species. Further work will test the main route of entry of EDN into the bodies of target insects and additional effects on EDN on insect behaviour.
Comparing the toxicity of two fumigants to insects from the field vs laboratory - does insect origin matter?
Authors: Najar-Rodriguez Adriana J. , Hall Matthew K.D. , Wilks Catherine R. , Adlam Anthony R. , Brierley Sam , Burgess Steven , Clare Graeme K.
Published: August 2018

The golden-haired bark beetle, Hylurgus ligniperda (F.), is a common forest insect which may be associated with pine (Pinus radiata D.Don) logs exported from New Zealand. We tested the dose-mortality responses of H. ligniperda adults, from two different origins (field vs laboratory), to methyl bromide (MB), the most widely used fumigant worldwide; and to ethanedinitrile (EDN), a potential alternative to MB. Naked insects were fumigated with either MB or EDN at 10°C for 4 and 3 hours, respectively. Laboratory adults had been reared on artificial diet under controlled conditions for >10 generations. Field adults, by contrast, had been recently collected from Lindgren funnel traps with lures of alpha-pinene and ethanol. Tolerance to the two fumigants tested was significantly different, according to the origin of the insects, with field-collected adults being less tolerant to MB and EDN than laboratory-reared ones. The implications of our results for the development of disinfestation schedules for New Zealand export logs will be discussed.
Assessing the efficacy of controlled atmosphere temperature treatment system (CATTS) against codling moth inside harvested apples
Authors: Jamieson Lisa E. , Wilkinson Reuben T. , Page-Weir Natalie E.M. , Hawthorne Amanda J. , Hartnett Dominic E. , Redpath Simon P. , Chhagan Asha , Woolf Allan B. , Nangul Agam , Guo Lindy F.
Published: August 2018

The controlled atmosphere temperature treatment system (CATTS) was assessed as a disinfestation tool to control codling moth (CM; Cydia pomonella) larvae inside apples. Codling moth mortality and apple quality were assessed after exposure to one of 10 treatments, which were combinations of five variables, namely, O2 concentration (air 20.9%, 1, 2 or 3%); CO2 concentrations (air 0.04% or 15%); 12 or 24˚C/h ramp rate up to 46˚C; air speed 1.3 m/s; and either 2.5- or 3-h treatment time. CATTS treatments resulted in higher CM mortality than equivalent hot air treatments. The treatments involving 1 or 2% O2 combined with 15% CO2 and a ramp of 12˚C/h or 24˚C/h to 46˚C, with a total treatment time of 3 h or 2.5 h and a 1.3 m/s air speed resulted in 100% mortality of CM. However, all CATTS and hot air treatments compromised apple quality. High CM mortality can be achieved using CATTS, but refinement of the protocol is needed to improve fruit quality outcomes.
Minor components modulate sensitivity to the pheromone antagonist Z11-14:Ac in male lightbrown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the field
Authors: Horner Rachael M. , Sullivan Thomas E.S. , Sporle Andrew M. , Stringer Lloyd D. , Manning Lee-Anne M. , El-Sayed Ashraf M. , Suckling David Maxwell
Published: August 2018

Epiphyas postvittana is a major horticultural pest in many countries, including New Zealand. Recently, two minor components (E)-11-tetradecen-1-ol and (E)-11-hexadecenyl acetate were found to increase the attraction of a previously identified two-component sex pheromone (95:5 blend of (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate [E11-14:Ac] and (E,E)-9,11-tetradecadienyl acetate [E9,E11-14:Ac]) of Epiphyas postvittana. We hypothesised that the interaction between these minor components and the behavioural antagonist (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:Ac) would modulate its antagonistic effect. The effect of increasing the ratio (0.5—10%) of Z11-14:Ac was tested in traps baited with E11-14:Ac and E9,E11-14:Ac (95:5), with or without the addition of the two minor compounds. Catch decreased as the percentage of Z11-14:Ac increased (Ï‡2=108.74; d.f.=9; P<0.001). Overall, more moths were caught in traps baited with four- vs two-component lures (Ï‡2=9.81; d.f.=1; P=0.002); in pair-level comparisons, significant differences in catch number between the two- and four-component lures were observed when the E11-14:Ac : Z11-14:Ac ratio was 99:1 (P=0.031) or 98:2 (P=0.047). The addition of the two minor components mitigated the reduced catch effect due to lower proportions of E11-14:Ac and the presence of 1—2% antagonist.
Does pasture plant diversity influence abundance and diversity of lacewings and Hymenopteran parasitoids?
Authors: Gerard Philippa J. , Wilson Derrick J. , Docherty Anastazia L.
Published: August 2018

The lack of plant biodiversity in New Zealand pastoral ecosystems may limit the abundance and diversity of generalist parasitoids and predators, predisposing these ecosystems to pest outbreaks. To test this hypothesis, patches of turf were established in existing pasture during spring 2016. Four treatments of increasing plant complexity were established, commencing with ryegrass alone, and increasing exponentially up to eight species of forage plant per patch. In the summer of 2017, insects were collected from the patches and control plots using suction to assess whether or not plant diversity had influenced the abundance and diversity of lacewings and parasitic Hymenoptera aggregating in the patches. Plant species richness had no impact on lacewing abundance but fewer parasitic Hymenoptera were recovered from the ryegrass-only plots compared with more species rich plots. Also, a wider range of parasitoid families were represented in the more diverse plant treatments compared with the less diverse treatments. Such diversity may have beneficial impacts on the stability of pasture ecosystem and the risk of pest outbreaks.
Eucalyptus variegated beetle: genetic diversity of New Zealand and Australian collections
Authors: Lewis Aymee S.R. , Withers Toni M. , Nahrung Helen F. , McDougal Rebecca L. , Reid Chris A.M. , Allen Geoff R.
Published: August 2018

Paropsisterna variicollis, the eucalyptus variegated beetle, was first detected in New Zealand in 2016. It threatens a growing eucalyptus forestry sector through larvae and adults causing significant defoliation to important plantation species. This work aimed to clarify the identification and origin of the New Zealand incursion to inform selection of suitable biological control agent(s). Australian and New Zealand specimens from the Paropsisterna obovata-variicollis-cloelia species complex were analysed by PCR and sequencing of two genetic loci, cytochrome c subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b). Molecular analysis of both genetic regions showed three major clusters of diversity. Cluster 1, proposed as Paropsisterna variicollis, had maximum 1.3% genetic variation and was collected from New Zealand, Western Australia and from geographically diverse locations in eastern Australia. Taxonomic results identified distinctive phenotypes of other closely related beetle species, assisting in proposing Cluster 2 as Paropsisterna near decolorata and Cluster 3 as Paropsisterna agricola. Molecular results were compared to morphological structures on adult beetles.
Evaluation of different methods for isolating Phytophthora spp. from a Canterbury waterway
Authors: Prasad Ashika A. , Casonato Seona , Cripps-Guazzone Natalia , Jones Eirian
Published: August 2018

Phytophthora spp. pose a risk to New Zealand’s managed and natural ecosystems. As Phytophthora spp. are well adapted to aquatic environments, water surveillance can be used to identify their distribution. Seven bait species (Rhododendron arborescens, Pittosporum undulatum, Banksia attenuata, Camellia japonica, Pittosporum eugenioides, Pinus radiata, and Cedrus deodara) were evaluated for Phytophthora spp. isolation. Water was collected from 2 sites in the Suckling river (Tai Tapu) and half was membrane-filtered (3-Î¼m pore size) to capture spores. Leaf baits were floated directly on unfiltered water at room temperature in the laboratory for 7 days. Baits were also placed in nylon-mesh bags and floated in the Suckling river sites (in situ) for 7 days. Leaf lesions and membrane filters were cultured on Phytophthora spp. selective media. Eighty-six Phytophthora spp. isolates representing 5 colony morphotypes were recovered, 6 (3 morphotypes) from membrane filters, 25 (4 morphotypes) from baits on collected river water, and 55 (5 morphotypes) from in situ baits. The highest numbers of isolates were recovered from R. arborescens (50.6%; 4 morphotypes), Pinus radiata (17.2%; 3 morphotypes) and Pittosporum undulatum (12.6%; 2 morphotypes). In situ baiting using Rhododendron arborescens and Pinus radiata was the most effective method of isolating Phytophthora species.
Organic and inorganic nitrogen effects on spore production and mycelial growth of Neonectria ditissima in vitro
Authors: Campbell Rebecca E. , Touron Amandine , Walter Monika
Published: August 2018

Nitrogen (N) is known to influence the growth of Neonectria ditissima (N.d.), the causal organism of European canker. In vitro, inorganic N inhibits conidia germination at N concentrations above 0.2 mol/L while, in planta, foliar urea application increased disease expression of leaf scar wounds up to nine-fold. The influence of organic and inorganic N sources on mycelial growth and spore production of N.d. in vitro was investigated. Four organic and six inorganic N sources were tested on agar at concentrations of N between 0 and 0.2 mol/L, with 3 different N.d. isolates. Spore production was generally increased by the addition of low concentrations of N, with varying results at higher concentrations dependent on the N source; however, this also differed among N.d. isolates. Spore production was generally incompletely inhibited at the higher N concentrations tested. However, germination from the resulting conidia decreased, possibly due to morphological changes to the spores. Mycelial growth generally decreased with the addition of N. Understanding the N effect in planta will be further complicated by the physiological plant-N and plant-pathogen interaction processes.
Location of overseas botanic gardens with New Zealand Myrtaceae in relation to myrtle rust occurence
Authors: Marroni M. Virginia , Boyd-Wilson Kirsty , Campbell Rebecca E. , McNeill Mark R. , Teulon David A.J.
Published: August 2018

New Zealand’s productive systems and natural ecosystems depend on a robust biosecurity framework to exclude invasive pests, diseases and weeds. Risk assessment is an important component of this biosecurity framework identifying potential threats posed by invasive organisms to specific plants and plant systems before they arrive in New Zealand. A major challenge in risk assessment is determining the potential impact of a pest or disease when it is not present in New Zealand. The International Plant Sentinel Network (IPSN), a network of botanic gardens and arboreta, aims to provide early warning of new and emerging tree and plant pests and diseases. The utility of the IPSN in providing information on the potential impact of myrtle rust for New Zealand’s indigenous Myrtaceae. Botanic gardens were identified around the world with New Zealand Myrtaceae and where myrtle rust is present. This is a first step in an ex-post study on the use of sentinel or expatriate plants as a biosecurity risk-assessment tool. The approach could be extended to other plant pathogens or pests to explore their impact on New Zealand indigenous or cultivated plant species overseas.
A Commentary: the Inadmissibility of Non-Indonesian Citizens in Judicial Review before the Indonesian Constitutional Court
Authors: Mahendra Bayu
Published: August 2018

The Constitutional Court of Indonesia, in its judgment No 2-3/PUU—V/2007, ruled that non-Indonesian citizens have no legal standing to file judicial review before the Court. In determining the legal standing, the Court rejected applicants’ constitutional loss which should actually serve as the substantial examination in judicial review but rather addressed this question on the basis of applicant’s citizenship. This inadmissibility ruling, however, raises question on what legal standing actually mean in the context of judicial review. This paper reviews the Court’s consideration in determining legal standing status and examines future legal consequences of such reasoning. By revisiting the substance of legal standing and judicial review derived from the 1945 Constitution, relevant Statutes, Court’s practices and case law, as well as the dissenting opinion of the judges in this case, it is found that the Court overruled the substance to procedural examination on the basis of citizenship and therefore failed to address the actual question of legal standing. This paper concludes that the Court’s reasoning has abandoned the constitutional loss as the very substance of legal standing and to which amounts to immunity of legal standing provision from a judicial review. Consequently, non-Indonesian citizens will never be recognized in judicial review mechanism before the Indonesian Constitutional Court.
Pengaruh Perencanaan Kerja dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Titipan Mas Area v makassar
Authors: As'ad Ajmal
Published: August 2018

AJMAL AS’AD. Pengaruh Perencanaan Kerja dan Komunikasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT Titipan Mas Area V Makassar, dengan pembimbing: H. MAHFUDNURNAJAMUDDIN dan SABRI HASAN. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: 1) Menganalisis pengaruh perencanaan dan komunikasi terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT Titipan Mas Area V Makassar, dan 2) Mengetahui variabel yang dominan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT Titipan Mas Area V Makassar.Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah keseluruhan karyawan PT Titipan Mas Area V Makassar, dengan menggunakan persentase kelonggaran (5%) maka dari populasi sebanyak 200 orang diperoleh ukuran sampel sebesar 113 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif, dan regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan Program SPSS versi 22.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik secara simultan maupun secara parsial variabel perencanaan kerja dan komunikasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Dari kedua variabel bebas tersebut yang paling dominan adalah variabel komunikasi.
MINIMUM COST TOPOLOGICAL ORDERING
Authors: Nguyen Thinh D.
Published: August 2018

We are given an $n$ vertex directed graph $G=(V,E)$ and also given a cost function $c:V\times [n]\to \mathbb{R}$. Consider a topological ordering of the vertices, $v_1,\ldots,v_n$, the cost of the ordering is $\sum_{i=1}^n c(v_i,i)$. We shall prove that finding the minimum cost topological ordering is $\mathrm{NP}$-hard.
Face-to-Face Peer Review as a Technique to Develop Students' Writing Skill in Producing Narattive Text
Authors: Fentar Yessi Christina
Published: August 2018

This article examined the use of face-to-face peer review in writing class to develop students’ writing skill especially in writing a narrative text. The research was categorized as classroom action research and conducted at English Education Department at Tentena Christian University. The subject of the research were 16 students who enrolled writing 3 course. The aim of the research was to develop writing skill of English education department students at Tentena Christian University. Face-to-face peer review is the type of peer review in which the participants take turns to give comments and corrections toward each other writing and discuss it orally to avoid misunderstanding. The research consisted of two cycles where every cycles consisted of five meetings; four meetings for the instructional process and one meeting for the test. The data of the research were collected from observation sheets, field notes, questionnaires and students’s test achievement. The result of the research showed that face-to-face peer review was effective in developing the student’s skill in writing narrative text.
PERANAN MAHASISWA PARIWISATA DALAM VISIT INDONESIA YEAR
Authors: nasrullah
Published: August 2018

Seiring dengan semakin ketatnya persaingan didalam dunia pariwisata, maka dituntutlah peranan kalangan akademis dalam menyumbangkan pikiran serta turut berkontribusi dalam pelaksanaan roda pariwisata. Mahasiswa merupakan salah satu komponen dari kalangan-kalangan akademis tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan salah satu bentuk kontribusinya. Penelitian ini menguraikan peranan mahasiswa pariwisata dalam menyukseskan dan menyokong keberlanjutan program Visit Indonesia Year. Metode yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi lapangan dan kejadian Visit Indonesia Year (VIY), survei literatur. Setelah melakukan pembedahan literatur-literatur yang ada maka semua hal yang di dapatkan dari tahap ini langsung di cocokan dengan kejadian di lapangan untuk memperkuat analisi tentang bagaimana peranan mahasiswa dalam menyukseskan dan menyokong keberlanjutan program Visit Indonesia Year (VIY) yang diusung oleh menteri pariwisata dan ekonomi kreatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa pariwisata dalam hal ini sudah dapat menjalankan kewajiban sesuai dengan porsi dan kedudukan mereka, tinggal bagaimana bekerjasama dengan beberapa komponen yang lainnya agar dapat lebih mempermatang segala kesiapan dalam menyukseskan dan menyokong keberlanjutan program Visit Indonesia Year (VIY) yang telah di canangkan pemerintah sekaligus agar dapat mencapai target wisatawan yang diharapkan kedatangannya setiap tahun.
SYSTEM PERTAHANAN KAUM SANTRI DI ERA “GANYANG SANTRI” : CANGAAN – JENISARI NJALEN 1995
Authors: Munawir Fitrian , mursidi agus , (Prosiding Seminar Nasional FKIP Univeristas PGRI Banyuwangi
Published: August 2018

The Tragedy of Cemethuk at October 18th 1965 raises a question, “Why do the communists of Karangasem could slaughter Pemuda Ansor of Muncar, but they couldn’t touch the santris of Canga’aan?”. Because, geographicly, the distance between Karangasem and Muncar is about 30 km. Whereas, the distance between Karangasem and Canga’an is only 4 km. This research aims to find out the kind of defense system which used by the santris of Canga’an, so that they could saved from the anarchism that the communists of Karangasem made.This research used Historical Research Method. Which are Heuristic, Source Criticism, Interpretation, Hypothesis, and Historiography. With this method, it can be known that the santris of Canga’an didn’t use phisycal defense system. But instead, they only relying on dzikir and obey what kiyai said, not to join the movement of PKI’s members and sympathizers extermination, after G-30S/PKI affair in Jakarta.
Penilaian Petani Terhadap Multifungsi Pertanian Padi sawah Anorganik dan Organik di Desa Tonusu Kecamatan Puselemba
Authors: Taariwuan Silvany annatje
Published: August 2018

The Purpose of this research are to find out the differences of the knowledge and assessment owned and given by inorganic and organic rice field farmers on the functions of rice field farming in terms of economic, social-cultural, and environmental aspects, Primary data is collected from rice field farmers in Tonusu Vilage through survey, using questionnaire and interview.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Di Puskesmas Tentena Kecamatan Pamona Puselemba kabupaten Poso
Authors: Taariwuan Silvany annatje
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepuasan pasien rawat inap terhadap kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan oleh Puskesmas tentena. penelitian ini dilaksanakan di puskesmas tentena. metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survey terhadap 40 pasien rawat inap di puskesmas tentena.
STRATEGI KELESTARIAN IKAN ENDEMIK SIDAT DANAU POSO DALAM MEMPROMOSIKAN KEBUDAYAAN DAN PARIWISATA DI KABUPATEN POSO
Authors: MELUMPI MARTHO HARRY
Published: August 2018

Kabupaten Poso memiliki sejumlah daya tarik wisata yang belum dikembangkan secara optimal, diantaranya Danau Poso dan segala keunikannya serta produk olahan hasil perikanan masyarakat lokal yang belum di kembangkan secara baik.Daya tarik pariwisata di Kabupaten Poso adalah Danau Poso yang didalamnya hidup ikan endemik Sidat. Namun, beragamnya potensi objek dan daya tarik wisata saat ini ternyata belum mampu menjadikan kawasan wisata Danau Poso menjadi destinasi wisata unggulan bagi Kabupaten Poso. Oleh karena itu strategi kelestarian ikan sidat di Danau Poso pengembangannya membutuhkan arahan yang sesuai dengan potensi dan permasalahan serta kebijakan yang terkait pengembangan ikan sidat.Penangkapan berlebihan (overfishing) menguras sumber daya dan berdampak pada hilangnya sumber mata pencaharian nelayan sidat.Pemerintah diharapkan membuat kebijakan dalam mengatur perikanan tangkap sidat sedemikian rupa untuk mencegah terjadinya penangkapan berlebih, mencegah terkurasnya sumberdaya dan memaksimalkan keuntungan jangka panjang dari nelayan. Dengan tetap terjaganya ekosistem sidat ini akan mampu mempertahankan keindahan promosi pariwisata di kabupaten Poso sebagai warisan kepada anak cucu kita kelak.
Analisis Margin Pemasaran Kakao dan Implikasinya Terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Poso
Authors: Taariwuan Silvany annatje
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui saluran pemasaran kakao dari petani sampai ke tingkat eksportir, besarnya margin pemasaran kakao pada saluran pemasaran , tingkat efisiensi pemasaran kakao pada saluran pemasaran dan mengetahui implikasinya terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat poso.
KAJIAN PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN Flacourtia inermis Roxb
Authors: PELIMA JOICE NOVIANA
Published: August 2018

Kajian Pengembangan Tanaman Flacourtia inermis Roxb. Tanaman Flacourtia inermis Roxb adalah species tanaman asli dari Asia dan Afrika yang beriklim tropis dan telah dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pembuatan kue, jelly, sirup, manisan, selai, acar, asinan dan rujak dan pengembangbiakannya secara generatif melalui biji. Pemanfaatan lain adalah sebagai bahan obat – obatan sesuai hasil penelitian di India yang menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak bagian dari tanaman F. inermis Roxb memiliki aktivitas antibakteri, antiviral, antitumor, antivenom. antiptotozoa, antifungal, antibakteri, antibiotik, antioksidan dan aktivitas hipoglisemik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka pengembangan tanaman F. inermis Roxb meliputi aspek pengembangbiakan dan aspek pengelolaan pasca panen yang disertai dengan aplikasi bioteknologi pada masing – masing aspek pengembangan tersebut.
A Review of English for Specific Purposes Teacher Education
Authors: Tindjabate Riana Agustin
Published: August 2018

English for specific purposes is a compulsory subject for tertiary students in Indonesia and China. The teaching of ESP demands English teacher professionalism. It forces many universities in Indonesia as well as in China to design ESP teacher education more effective. This study finds out that most of the universities in Indonesia do not put Needs Analysis as the basis of the ESP program, ESP teaching materials are general English oriented, many of the ESP teachers have less experience and lack of knowledge in teaching ESP, and there is no collaboration between the ESP teachers and the subject teachers. In China, few of the universities run their ESP program without need analysis, most of the ESP teaching are general English oriented, some of the ESP teachers have less experience and lack of knowledge in teaching ESP, an many of the teachers do not apply collaboration teaching with the subject teachers.
Desain Jiwa
Authors: Dr.Sabina Gero SKp
Published: August 2018

Saya mengenal penulis pada saat dia memberikan renungan tentang "ibu" dalam sebuah ziarah rohani yang dipimpin Pater Piet Wani (Alm). dibulan Oktober Tahun 2005. Dari sana perkenalan kami berlanjut. Kami melihatnya sebagai saudara dan bagian dari keluarga kami sendiri. Penampilannya sangat sederhana. Tidak menunjukan sosok yang hebat sebagai seorang imam - biarawan atau pendiri beberapa organisasi. Banyak orang yang salah kira dan "terkecoh" menilainya. Manusia melihat yang kelihatan mata, tapi Tuhan melihat Jiwa yang tak kelihatan mata
Parental Speech as Linguistic Input for Children
Authors: Tindjabate Riana Agustin
Published: August 2018

Child language acquisition is influenced by many factors including family factors. Chomsky theories on child language acquisition say that a child born with language skills that are hardwired in the brain. The system will work optimally with the development age of the child so that the child does not need others to help his language development. It is not fully accepted by other linguists because some people think that the parents are very instrumental factor in the development of children's language. This study focuses on the input of parents were given to children in linguistic through interaction and methods of reading the story.
Supporting medical innovation and entrepreneurship through curriculum-integrated information literacy instruction
Authors: Carroll Alexander James , Hallman Shelby
Published: August 2018

This presentation will share the results of a longitudinal cohort study of undergraduate students matriculating through the UNC & NC State Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering. Over the last few years, students in this program have participated in an experimental, specialized information literacy training program aimed at preparing them to navigate the labyrinth of business hurdles associated with medical innovation and entrepreneurship. This longitudinal study, led by two librarians, sought to determine whether an intensive, specialized information literacy training program could introduce undergraduate biomedical engineering students to the complex environment surrounding innovative design in healthcare and medical entrepreneurship in order to improve their design projects. In addition to discussing our study’s results, we will share our lessons learned from conducting this study and some possible implications for professional practice. We will close with a discussion of the challenges involved in partnering with an academic department to conduct formal assessments of student learning, and by sharing practical strategies that other librarians can use to identify opportunities to build similar partnerships at their local institutions.Originally presented at the Triangle Research Libraries Network (TRLN) Annual Meeting 2018 in Durham, NC on August 20, 2018.
Older Women, Deeper Learning, and Greater Satisfaction at University: Age and Gender Predict University Students' Learning Approach and Degree Satisfaction
Authors: Rubin Mark
Published: August 2018

The present study explored the interactive effect of age and gender in predicting surface and deep learning approaches. It also investigated how these variables related to degree satisfaction. Participants were 983 undergraduate students at a large public Australian university. They completed a research survey either online or in hardcopy. Consistent with previous research, age was a positive predictor of both surface and deep learning. However, gender moderated this age effect in the case of deep learning: Age predicted deep learning more strongly among women and not among men. Furthermore, age positively predicted degree satisfaction among women but not among men, and deep learning mediated this moderation effect. Hence, older female students showed the greatest deep learning in the present sample, and this effect explained their greater satisfaction with their degree. The implications of these findings for pedagogical practices and institutional policy are considered.
Beliefs about moral obligation structure children’s social category-based expectations
Authors: Chalik Lisa , Dunham Yarrow
Published: August 2018

Young children view social category members as morally obligated toward one another, and expect these obligations to shape people’s social behavior. The present work investigates how children specify which behaviors are constrained by social categories in this way. In two studies (N = 128), 4- and 5-year-old children predicted that morally positive behaviors would be directed toward ingroup members, and that morally negative behaviors would be directed toward outgroup members, but did not hold equally strong expectations about behaviors described as positive or negative for reasons irrelevant to morality. Thus, notions of morality are embedded within children’s representations of social categories, such that when learning about novel moral norms, children immediately expect those obligations to uniquely hold within social groups.
A rose by any other name…: Exploiting any literary text in the ESL/EFL classroom
Authors: Journal Arab World English , Ahmad Shahzad , Abdullah Faiz Sathi , Ibrahim Mohammad Yunus
Published: August 2018

The paper argues that literature provides authentic materials for developing reading and related language skills in addition to other real world texts (e.g. advertisements, or multimodal texts downloaded from the Internet). Hence, the paper aims to demonstrate how literary texts can be employed in the English as a Second Language (ESL) or English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom to facilitate reading, language acquisition, and related critical skills, particularly at the pre-intermediate stage and above. Text selections from popular novels were analysed using Johns and Davies’ (1983) Text as Vehicle of Information (TAVI), and Text as Linguistic Object (TALO), as well as Clandfield’s (2005) Text as Springboard for Production (TASP) as a framework to design language learning/use activities. Source texts were selected from Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day, Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, and Martel’s Life of Pi in view of these novels’ current salience in the literary world to address key research questions: 1) What reading skills and sub-skills can the literary texts help develop among ESL/EFL students? 2) What aspects of grammar and vocabulary can be exploited in the texts? 3) How can the texts be used as reflections of social reality to generate discussion of critical issues among students? The fact that these novels have been produced as films, which the learners could also watch in whole or part, is expected to stimulate further critical appreciation. The paper concludes that the value of such informed use of any literary text is that it exploits the literature-language nexus to provide the synergy needed for student learning in the ESL/EFL classroom and beyond.