bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIEWS OF MODERN ECONOMISTS ON THE LEGAL BASIS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE
Authors:   National Technical University ", Reshetniak Natalia ,   Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: May 2024

The article clarifies the essence of the views of famous economists of the 20th-21st centuries on the legal basis of the functioning of the state, their views on the law itself, as well as the role of state intervention in the economy. The relevance of such research is that outstanding economists, in addition to contributing to economic theory per se, played an extremely important role in understanding the essence of other socio-humanitarian phenomena, in particular the state and law. This is quite natural, given the close relationship and intertwining of social processes, the obvious influence of the development of some social phenomena on others. Accordingly, certain regularities that can be identified during the study of economic processes are also relevant for the legal basis of the functioning of the state. The interdisciplinary effect makes the research and study of this topic relevant, since the interrelationship of social phenomena and the look at legal constructions from an economic point of view opens up new opportunities for both economists and legal experts, both theorists and practitioners. It is important that economists use the example of real social relations to explain social patterns that provide opportunities for lawyers to improve legal regulation. Economists made a significant contribution to the development of the idea of pluralism, self-regulation, a free and democratic society, the constitution, the theory of democracy and the guarantee of personal freedom. In many ways, thanks to economic teachings, we were able to understand the collapse of the planned economy and totalitarian regimes. In the current conditions, authoritarian and totalitarian leaders, on the other hand, transform their economic models in such a way as to stay in power. The market principles of the functioning of the economy, although they have certain shortcomings, are dominant and basic (fundamental) human rights, both personal and political, are closely related to the idea of economic freedom. As for state intervention, it is considered quite possible, but it must be limited at the same time and not violate the relevant boundaries of individual freedom. For the legal regulation of the foundations of state functioning at the level of constitutions, the main achievements of economic theory are important, in particular, the protection of property rights, the principles of the market economy, freedom, the possibility of judicial protection, antimonopoly mechanisms, as well as the very idea of the separation and limitation of state power.
FEATURES OF THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT LEADERSHIP STYLES ON ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Kopchak Yuriy , Matveyev Mykola ,   Ukrainian National Forestry University, Motorniuk Uliana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2024

In today’s volatile world, economic fluctuations and political decisions affect the management of enterprises, causing the need to adapt and rethink traditional approaches to leadership. Research devoted to the analysis of the impact of different leadership styles on enterprise management reveals the critical role of leadership strategies in ensuring efficiency, productivity and innovative development. The central thesis is that leadership goes beyond simple direction and requires leaders to be able to initiate change, adapt to complex conditions, and motivate a team to achieve common goals. Emphasis is placed on the importance of choosing between authoritarian, democratic, transformational and other leadership styles, depending on the specific organizational context and the current situation at the enterprise. The research emphasizes that there is no universal leadership style that guarantees success in all circumstances, but indicates that leadership effectiveness depends on the leader’s ability to adapt his style to the needs of the organization and its employees. Special attention is paid to transformational leadership as a tool for stimulating innovation and involving employees in active participation in the development of the enterprise. The effectiveness of different leadership styles is analyzed, the authors of the article use theoretical models and empirical data to highlight the specifics of their impact on various aspects of the company’s activities, such as flexibility, responsibility, standards, rewards and the general organizational climate. It has been proven that leadership plays a key role in the success of strategic transformations within an organization. The effectiveness of changes in financial, strategic, managerial, and organizational aspects often depends on the peculiarities of the leader’s style who manages these changes. The research findings contain recommendations for the application of specific leadership styles depending on the need to stimulate innovation, increase productivity, and ensure the company’s adaptability to changing environmental conditions. Recommendations have been made for heads of enterprises and managers who seek to optimize their leadership strategies to increase the efficiency of enterprise management.
ЕКОНОМІЧНА СТАБІЛЬНІСТЬ ЯК ОСНОВА СТІЙКОСТІ ДЕРЖАВИ В КОНТЕКСТІ СУЧАСНИХ ДОСЯГНЕНЬ ТА ВИКЛИКІВ
Authors: Гапєєва Ольга , Вітютін Євген
Published: May 2024

Економічна стабільність — це стан, за якого країна здатна безперебійно функціонувати та стабільно розвиватися, незважаючи на вплив різноманітних зовнішніх загроз і проблем, що відбуваються навколо неї. Вона здатна приймати виклики та поглинати ризики, але все ще інвестувати в інфраструктуру, зберігати своє місце на глобальних ринках і утримувати гідний рівень життя для своїх громадян. Це істотний фактор, який критично впливає на життя населення. Окрім того, економічна стабільність – це показник здорової економіки, вільної від збоїв. Так, країни з нестабільною економікою не можуть залучити інвестиції та активно включатись в міжнародну торгівлю, що перешкоджає їх економічному зростанню та розвитку. Крім того, економічна нестабільність може бути причиною соціальних заворушень, політичних суперечок і навіть конфліктів між країнами. З урахуванням вищенаведеного у дослідженні визначено сутність економічної стабільності, визначено її взаємозв’язок з такою категорією, як економічна рівновага. Проаналізовано основні компоненти економічної рівноваги. Визначено значення досягнення економічної стабільності: зростання інвестицій, створення нових робочих місць, зростання довіри споживачів, активізація міжнародної торгівлі, зниження ризиків фінансових криз. Розглянуто сучасні стратегії досягнення економічної стабільності: інтелектуального збагачення, захоплення інноваціями та технологічним прогресом, інвестицій в інфраструктуру та суворого фінансового нагляду. Визначено аспекти, які необхідно враховувати при розгляді поняття економічної стабільності: глобалізація, технічний прогрес, екологічні проблеми, геополітична напруженість та конфлікти, демографічні проблеми, доступність якісної освіти та охорони здоров'я. Визначено характерні особливості економічної стабільності в контексті вимог сьогодення. Встановлено, що окрім формування економічної стабільності важливу роль відіграє також і її оцінювання. У дослідження систематизовано індикатори економічної стабільності та розкрито сутність і значення кожного з них.
The Implementation of English Creative Writing Learning Based on Al Quran and Hadith
Authors: Prasetya Eska Perdana , Salati Asmahasanah  , Tohir Solehudin
Published: May 2024

This comprehensive study aims to investigate the English creative writing learning process at SMP LabSchool Kebayoran Baru. Employing the learning ethnography method, the research focuses on detailing the planning, implementation, and evaluation of creative writing education in English, as well as gauging students' appreciation for various approaches and models. The study reveals the integration of creative writing elements such as short stories, song lyrics, and biographies into the curriculum. Teachers employ diverse methods like the question-and-answer technique, discovery learning, and Project Based Learning (PBL). Poetry, short stories, and song lyrics developed by teachers constitute significant components of the creative writing classes. The roles of teachers encompass acting as informants, organizers, and motivators, while students are expected to listen attentively, adhere to school rules, and actively engage in classroom learning. Technological tools like language laboratories, e-learning applications, and supporting platforms such as wordwalls, quizizz, and kahoot, with the language lab as a central infrastructure, are utilized. Evaluation criteria include content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and creativity. Additionally, the study identifies a strong correlation between LabSchool's core values and the school culture, where the Merdeka Curriculum facilitates independent learning by providing ample time for concept deepening and competency strengthening.
PERENCANAAN PROSES PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI SMAIT AL-MADINAH CIBINONG BOGOR
Authors: Enung Nurjanah  , Maemunah Sa'diyah
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perencanaan proses pendidikan Islam  di SMAIT Al-Madinah Cibinong Bogor serta kendala-kendala dalam proses pembelajarannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data primer diambil dari kepala sekolah dan perwakilan guru PAI, guru tahsin dan tahfiz Al-Qur’an metode Tilawati. Sumber data sekunder dari Al-Qur’an,Hadits,jurnal dan buku-buku lainnya. Latar belakang yang mendorong penelitian ini adalah bahwa SMAIT Al-Madinah merupakan sekolah yang mengembangkan potensi diri peserta didik melalui proses pembelajaran, baik dari aspek sikap, pengetahuan maupun keterampilan dengan sistem pendidikan terpadu yaitu memadukan pengajaran ilmu pengetahuan umum-Teknologi (IPTEK) dan pengetahuan Agama-Iman dan Takwa (IMTAK), memadukan pendidikan Umum dengan orientasi pendidikan Qur’ani yang berkarakter Islami, Memadukan pola pendidikan keluarga, pesantren dan sekolah. SMAIT Al-Maidah juga merupakan lembaga yang mempunyai tingkat perhatian yang sangat serius terhadap pembelajaran pendidikan Islam baik dari segi pembelajaran PAI serta Tahsin dan Tahfiz Al-Qur’an dengan metode Tilawati maupun pembelajaran umum. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa : 1). Perencanaan proses pembelajaran tahsin dan tahfiz di SMAIT Al-Madinah sudah efektif dan rapi, tahfiz Al-Qur’an Juz 30 dan juz 29. Langkah-langkah sesuai dengan desain pembelajaran model Dick and carrey yang terdiri dari 10 langkah yang sistematis. Langkah-langkah yang sistematis yang dilakukan yaitu : 1.mengidentifikasi tujuan umum pembelajaran sampai mendesain dan mengevaluasi sumatif dan 2. Kendala-kendala dalam proses pembelajaran tahsin dan tahfiz Al-Qur’an di SMAIT Al-Madinah diantaranya bahwa dalam metode Tilawati dibutuhkannya muroja’ah terus-menerus sehingga siswa harus dan lebih cepat dalam tahfiz Al-Qur’an sesuai dengan target dengan metode Tilawati sehingga menjadi Insan yang Qur’ani.
ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ПЕДАГОГІВ В ОСВІТНІЙ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Пащенко Тетяна
Published: May 2024

A quality of education for students depends on the quality of teaching and the professionalism of the lecturer. A professional competence is necessary component of the professionalism of the lecturer.Considering the process of improving the professionalism of lecturers, it is impossible to ignore the processes of advanced training of lecturers within the framework of professional educational organizations themselves.Pedagogical science and practice consider professional development inside the educational organization as avery important point in the system of continuous professional education. The purpose of work to improve the professional competence of the lecturer in the educational organization is to solve the problem of continuous, progressive, comprehensive development of the lecturer. the lecturer is providing with various, mobile forms and content of development, taking into account personal needs, experience, creative opportunities, experience, the ability to use advanced pedagogical experience taking into account the individual characteristics of each.
Efecto de Lupinus (Fabaceae) en la biología de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias., Ruiz Moreno J Jesús , Rodríguez Hernández Cesáreo ,   Colegio  de  Postgraduados. Instituto  deFitosanidad.  Texcoco,  Estado  de  México,México, Ruiz-López Mario Alberto ,   Universidad de Guadalajara. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias.
Published: May 2024

The activity of aqueous extracts at 5% from seeds of six wild lupin species wasevaluated to determine the effect on the growth, development and viability ofSpodoptera frugiperda. Six grams of powdered seeds of each plant sample wereadded in 120 mL of water during 24 h; then this aqueous extract was used in theexperiment. The diet was spilled in glass vials after neonates larvae of S.frugiperda were put in to vials. Immediately they were kept in the raise room at 27± 0.5°C, 60 ± 10% relative humidity and 14 h light, until larvae changed to pupaephase. Length and mortality of larvae and pupae phases, and weight pupae in eachdiet, were recorded. The results showed that at the evaluated concentration, theactivity of the extract was insectistatic; inhibiting feeding and growth of S.frugiperda. The extract was not insecticidal.
Efecto del manejo forestal en los ecosistemas forestales
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultadde Ciencias Forestales. Programa de Doctoradoen  Ciencias  con  Orientación  en  Manejo  deRecursos  Naturales.  Linares,  Nuevo  León,México., Galván-Moreno Viridiana S. , Aguirre-Calderón Oscar A. , Alanís-Rodríguez Eduardo , Jiménez-Pérez Javier , Treviño-Garza Eduardo J. ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultadde  Ciencias  Forestales.  Linares,  Nuevo  León,México., Olivas-García Jesús Miguel ,   Universidad  Autónoma  de  Chihuahua.  Facultadde  Ciencias  Agrícolas  y  Forestales.  Chihuahua,Chihuahua, México., Cuéllar-Rodríguez L. Gerardo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultadde  Ciencias  Forestales.  Linares,  Nuevo  León,México
Published: May 2024

Currently, sustainable management has been promoted as a tool for environmentalconservation and the socioeconomic development of local populations. Based onthis principle, the objective of this study was to conduct a review of research toanalyze the effect of forest management on forest ecosystems, starting with theidentification of silvicultural treatments used in the country and the resultsobtained from their implementation. It was found that the application of thinningand selection treatments does not have an effect on changes in structure, speciesdiversity, and tree dynamics. Intensive treatments such as clear-cutting promotegreater timber increment by using immediate plantation, making themrecommended practices for increasing the timber productivity of forests.Silvicultural practices contribute to improving the utilization grade of site qualityand, consequently, increasing biomass and carbon stocks. The resilience capacityof ecosystems and management aimed at maintaining an ecologically andenvironmentally sustainable balance allow for the use of utilization as a tool toincrease productivity capacity and carbon sinks.
Israel and It’s Unique Features for the United States (U.S.) and Other Countries Criminal Justice Systems
Authors: Shamim Ara Pia
Published: May 2024

The main purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the Israeli criminal justice system and highlight its unique features for both the United States (U.S.) criminal justice sciences and the global criminal justice systems. To accomplish this goal through qualitative methods, this study utilizes recent scholarly research papers written not only by the national scholar of Israel but also by international scholars who have conducted research concerning Israel. Additionally, this study suggests some unique features of Israel’ criminal justice system for the (U.S.) criminal justice systems and other countries' criminal justice systems.
Review of the Factors Leading to Corruption in Russia
Authors: Mengzhong Zhang  , Aslan Sapiev
Published: May 2024

This article examines the major factors leading to corruption in Russia. We explore the historical, economic, social, political, and cultural factors influencing the formation and strengthening of corrupt practices. To this end, the impact of the Soviet era and periods of transformation on management structures and public mentality, creating the preconditions for corruption, is examined in the context of history. In the economic aspect, the lack of competition, inefficiency of the labor market and weakened property protection, which contribute to corruption schemes in public institutions, are discussed. The educational and cultural systems are investigated in the context of the formation of the mentality of society and its attitude towards corruption. Insufficient attention to ethics in education and the normalization of corrupt practices in culture can help maintain corruption. When analyzing the structural features of public administration, problems in the system of control, transparency and responsibility are identified that pose a threat to the effective fight against corruption. Political aspects, including the lack of separation of powers and the presence of corrupt political elites, which may contribute to corruption at the decision-making level, are also explored. We proposed theories of historical/political influences on corruption and the theory of the control and responsibility system.
Teaching Practicum: Learning Journey Platform for Promoting Pre-Service Teachers’ Instructional Skills
Authors: Wibawanti Regina , Putri Nanda , Sephani Tiara , Misdi  , Aisyah
Published: May 2024

Teaching practicum provides an opportunity for pre-service teachers to enhance their teaching skills. This study utilized a qualitative phenomenological design method to investigate the role of teaching practice in enhancing the instructional skills of pre-service English teachers at the elementary school level. Three pre-service English teachers participated in the study. Data were collected from the participants through reflections on their teaching practicum experiences. The findings indicated that the pre-service teachers initially experienced strong emotions and assumptions when they began teaching, yet the quality of their teaching improved during the practice. Teaching practicum was further identified as an effective means to enhance the teaching skills of pre-service English teachers.
Aksi Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim Bencana Banjir Sektor Pertanian Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur
Authors: Dewa Jhon Jhohan Putra Kumara , Fitriansyah Hadi , Widiana Divina Aufa
Published: May 2024

Dalam konteks risiko bencana, masyarakat adalah kelompok yang merasakan dampak langsung dari suatu bencana.   Tanggapan masyarakat dapat diwujudkan dalam pembangunan ekonomi, sosial, informasi dan komunikasi juga tingkat kompetensi. Aksi adaptasi perubahan iklim bencana banjir di Kabupaten Bojonegoro dilakukan untuk mengindentifikasi risiko bencana banjir di masa mendatang sehingga dalam mengantisipasi hal tersebut disusun pilihan aksi adaptasi perubahan iklim. CSF merespons dengan cara yang sama, menurut CSF, masyarakat perlu dilibatkan cara membuat jaringan yang kuat antara masyarakat, sehingga orang dapat melakukannya aksi adaptasi dan mitigasi.
Uji Kompetensi Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri Kabupaten Purwakarta
Authors: Avianti Widiya , Adam Duki
Published: May 2024

Yang dibutuhkan peserta didik di akhir pembelajaran adalah evaluasi akhir yang menyatakan kompeten. Hal tersebut didapat melalui kegiatan Uji Kompetensi diselenggarakan SMKN 3 Linggabuana Kabupaten Purwakarta. Adapun penilaian yang dilakukan terdiri dari Persiapan Kerja, Proses Kerja, Waktu Penyelesaian Kerja. Kegiatan yang berlangsung selama dua hari kerja melibatkan penguji eksternal guna membentuk penilaian yang hasilnya bersifat objektif. Kedisiplinan, ketepatan, ketelitian dan komunikasi menjadi penilaian penting sehingga siswa dan siswi SMKN 3 Linggabuana Purwakarta dinyatakan Sangat Kompeten. Keberhasilan seluruh elemen di sekolah dengan harapan dapat mencetak generasi yang memiliki kompetensi secara keterampilan dan keahlian yang mumpuni menjadikan lulusan siap untuk bekerja di dunia usaha, dan dunia kerja.
Upaya Guru dalam Mencapai Kematangan Kemampuan Sosial Emsoional Anak melalui Bermain Peran
Authors: Solihah Zahira Auladina , Qonita Qonita , Mulyana Edi Hendri
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggali bagaimana upaya guru dalam mencapai kematangan perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini, melalui bermain peran. Kematangan perkembangan sosial emosional dibutuhkan dalam mempersiapkan anak untuk menjalankan pendidikan serta kehidupannya di masa mendatang. Hal tersebut penting dicapai sehingga, kemampuan anak dalam sosial emosional dapat mencapai kematangan sesuai yang dibutuhkan. Dalam menggali hal tersebut, metode yang digunakan penelitian ini ialah dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain penelitian studi kasus. Dengan perolehan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan guru di TK yang diteliti sebagai subjek. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh selama penelitian ialah bahwa upaya guru yang dilakukan dalam mencapai kematangan perkembangan sosial emosional dapat mengalami peningkatan pada anak melalui bermain peran. Melalui bermain peran, anak mendapatkan kesempatan dalam belajar lebih berinteraksi, memahami emosi yang diamati, serta melatih kemampuan berkomunikasi serta berinteraksi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa upaya guru dalam mencapai kematangan perkembangan sosial emosional melalui bermain peran dapat memperoleh peningkatan, ditentukan pada teknik yang digunakan guru dalam kegiatan bermain peran, meliputi dalam peran yang dipilih, keterlibatan anak dalam proses kegiatan bermain peran.
Dampak Stunting Terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Jariah Nurul , Arfa Umikalsum , Fajhriani N Dyla , Sari Yulia Novita , Januarti Ulfa Dwi
Published: May 2024

Kurangnya nutrisi yang tepat selama tahun-tahun pembentukan anak bermanifestasi sebagai stunting. Banyak hal yang mungkin terjadi pada anak yang dapat menyebabkan stunting. Kemampuan anak dalam berpikir dan memahami lingkungan sekitar disebut dengan kemampuan kognitif. Kapasitas kognitif terganggu akibat stunting. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran tentang bagaimana stunting memengaruhi perkembangan kognitif anak-anak. Penelitian kepustakaan merupakan pendekatan penelitian yang dipilih. Orang tua mempunyai peran penting dalam perkembangan literasi dini anak-anak, dan artikel ini berupaya menjelaskan peran tersebut.
Geribildirim ve öz-değerlendirmenin öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama başarısına etkisi
Authors: Yıldırım Özen , Kartal Seval , Kutlu Ömer , Çiçekdemir İbrahim , Akduman Dilek , Ergün Ayşen , Hocek Derya , Karcılı Işıl
Published: May 2024

Okuduğunu anlama, öğrencilerin akademik yaşamlarının yanı sıra kişisel yaşamlarındaki başarılarını da etkileyen temel becerilerden biridir. Bu becerinin bireyin erken dönemlerinden itibaren desteklenmesi gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır. Araştırmada hem öğrencinin hem de öğretmenin sınıfta sürece dayalı değerlendirmeye dahil olmasının öğrencinin okuduğunu anlama becerisini artıracağı hipotezinden yola çıkılmıştır. Bu nedenle öz-değerlendirme ve geri bildirime önem veren biçimlendirici bir durum belirleme sürecinin öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama becerileri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. 4., 5. ve 6. sınıflar için iki farklı deney grubu seçilmiştir. Çalışma grubu 258 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Deney gruplarından birindeki deneysel süreçte hem öz değerlendirme hem de geri bildirim uygulamalarına ağırlık verirken, diğer deney grubunda sadece geri bildirim uygulamalarına yer verilmiştir. Kontrol gruplarında özel bir işlem uygulanmamış olağan ders işlenişine devam edilmiştir. Veriler, okuduğunu anlama başarı testleri ve bu testlerdeki başarıyı değerlendirmek için geliştirilen bütüncül dereceli puanlama anahtarları kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Ön test ve son test arasındaki farkı incelemek için betimleyici istatistikler ve karışık ölçümler için iki faktörlü ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre öğrenci yanıtlarına öğretmen geri bildirimi alan tüm deney gruplarının son test puanları, ön test puanlarına göre daha yüksek ve anlamlıdır. Uygulanan işlemin dördüncü sınıf düzeyi deney gruplarında daha etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bu durum öğretmenlerin öz-değerlendirme ve geri bildirimleri üst sınıflardaki öğretmenlere göre daha etkili bir şekilde gerçekleştirmelerinden kaynaklı olabilir. Kontrol grupları incelendiğinde bazı grup performanslarının zaman içerisinde düştüğü gözlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre öğretmenlerin tanımlayıcı geri bildirim ve öz değerlendirme etkinlikleriyle öğrencinin okuduğunu anlama becerisini izlemesi ve öğrencinin kendi performansını izlemesini sağlayacak ortamlar yaratması önerilmektedir.
Okul yöneticilerinin motivasyonunu etkileyen faktörler
Authors: Rengi Öznur , Bozkurt Bayram
Published: May 2024

Mevcut araştırmada okul yöneticilerinin motivasyonlarını etkileyen olumlu/olumsuz faktörleri ve motivasyonlarının artırılmasına yönelik önerilerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji deseniyle tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu Gaziantep ve Kocaeli illeri merkez ilçelerinde görev yapan Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı resmi okullarda görev yapan, maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemine göre belirlenen, 24 okul yöneticisinden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcı çeşitliliği cinsiyet, yaş, branş, öğrenim durumu, okul kademesi, kıdem gibi kişisel özellikler ile sağlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesi içerik analizi yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda okul yöneticilerinin motivasyonlarını olumlu ve olumsuz etkileyen faktörler, “bireysel, çalışma arkadaşlarıyla ilgili, öğrencilerle ilgili, velilerle ilgili ve diğer faktörler” olmak üzere farklı temalar şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Motivasyonu artırmaya yönelik önerileri ise “bireysel, okulla ilgili, bürokratik, üst yönetimle ilgili, mesleki ve velilerle ilgili” olmak üzere altı alt temada gruplandırılmıştır. Okul yöneticileri motivasyonu artırmak için sosyal etkinliklere katılım, maddi teşvikler, tükenmişlik, stres vb. durumlar açısından destek verilmesi, ayrıca okulların maddi, fiziki ve donanımsal ihtiyaçlarının giderilmesi gerektiği ile ilgili önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Ayrıca evrak işlerinin azaltılması, yetkilerin genişletilmesi, olumlu dönütler, adil-hakkaniyetli davranış, mesleki itibarın arttırılmasına yönelik çalışmalar, dezavantajlı bölgelerde çalışmaya teşvik etme, vb., öneriler okul yöneticileri tarafından ifade edilmiştir. Okul yöneticilerinin motivasyonunu artırmaya yönelik çalışmaların politika yapıcılar ve uygulayıcılar tarafından dikkate alınması ve geliştirici çalışmaların yapılması eğitimin kalitesini artırabilir.
İkinci dil öğretiminde Chatbot teknolojisinin kullanımına yönelik çalışmalardaki genel eğilimler
Authors: Maden Sedat , Yetişensoy Okan
Published: May 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ikinci dil öğretiminde “Chatbot” teknolojisinin kullanımına yönelik araştırma makalesi türündeki çalışmaların incelenerek bu konuda var olan eğilimlerin ortaya koyulmasıdır. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımına uygun olarak yürütülen bu çalışma, doküman incelemesi yöntemi ile yürütülmüştür. İkinci dil öğretiminde Chatbot kullanımını ele alan araştırma makalesi türündeki 40 çalışma ise bu araştırmanın temel veri kaynağını oluşturmuştur. Analizler sonucunda ikinci dil eğitiminde Chatbot kullanımına yönelik çalışmaların önemli bir kısmının önce deneysel bir sürecin yürütüldüğü, ardından katılımcılardan görüş alınan karma yöntem araştırmaları şeklinde kurgulandığı belirlenmiştir. Karma yöntem araştırmalarından sonra en sık olarak kullanılan yaklaşımların ise sırasıyla nicel ve nitel yaklaşımlar olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca araştırmaların büyük oranda İngilizcenin öğretimine odaklandığı görülmüş, Çince ve Almanca dillerine yönelik birer çalışma dışında farklı bir hedef dillere yönelik çalışmalara rastlanılmamıştır. Çalışmalardaki genel eğilimin hâlihazırda var olan chatbotları kullanma yönünde olduğu belirlenmiş, bu anlamda Replika, Andy, Alexa, Elbot, Mitsiku ve Google Asistan’ın yaygın olarak kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Araştırmacıların kendi Chatbot’unu geliştirdiği çalışma örneklerine de rastlanmıştır. Araştırmalardaki katılımcı gruplarını büyük oranda üniversite öğrencilerinin oluşturduğu görülmüş, lise, ortaokul ve ilkokul öğrencileri ile öğretmenlerin çalışma grubu olduğu çalışmaların nadir olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmaların sıklıkla konuşma ve gramer becerileri etrafındaki akademik başarı faktörüne odaklandığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca katılımcıların görüş ve algılarını belirlemeye yönelik çalışmaların da bulunduğu, bu noktada en az çalışmanın motivasyon, ilgi, tutum gibi duyuşsal özellikler etrafında gerçekleştirildiği belirlenmiştir.
Non trivial zeros of the Zeta function using the differential equations
Authors: OUKIL Walid
Published: May 2024

Using the differential equations, we obtain a more flexible expression for the Riemann Zeta function on the critical strip. This allows us to prove that for every $\tau\in \mathbb{R}^*$ there exists at most a unique point $r\in (0,1)$ such that $\Im\Big(\zeta(r+i\tau)\Gamma(r+i\tau) \Big)=0$, where $\Gamma$ is the Gamma function.
Euler Perfect Box
Authors: Muhammad Taha
Published: May 2024

1- I chose a box of different dimensions. H = a, W = a + r, L = a + k, and (k ≠ r ≠ a) Substitute in equation: g^2 =a^2 +b^2 +c^2, g ∈ N+ ⇒ a =r = k … contradiction to (k ≠ r ≠ a) If (k ≠ r ≠ a) ⇒ g ∉ N+ 2- If W = L, or W = L = H ⇒ d (diagonal) ∉ N+ ∴ from all above the Euler Perfect Box doesn’t exist.
Collatz Sequence
Authors: Muhammad Taha
Published: May 2024

Abstract of Solving Collatz Sequence I started from a loop containing all positive numbers and performed Collatz law on each number x in the loop, obtained algebraic equations, and defined the values of x, which not belong to the set of natural numbers except 1. Then I applied Collatz laws and obtained the elements of the loop, which are {4, 2, 1}. S (n)= {n/2 or 3n+1, ..., 4,2,1} for all N+. Thus LS (n) = {4,2,1} for all N+. I added extra work to support my proof: 1- Graph 2- Sketch 3- Chart 4- Table 5- Pattern 5- [If LS (n)= {4,2,1} for r = 3k] True Then I proved that [LS (n) = {4, 2, 1} for r+3= 3(k+1)] True 6- [If LS (n) has no loop if for r = 3k+h, h<3, h is a natural number] True Then I proved that [LS (n) has no loop if for r+1 = 3k+h+1=3k+2, h=1] True Therefore: LS (5) = LS (10^100) = LS ((10^1000) + 7) = LS (47) = ... = LS (1) = {4, 2, 1} only for all n in N+ Note: r = # of elements in a loop. K = 1 or 2
The College Essay is Not Dead
Authors: Egloff Jennifer
Published: May 2024

Comparing and reflecting on the structures and outcomes of research projects for both a required first-year writing course, Writing as Inquiry, and an elective advanced history seminar, Popular Culture and the Scientific Revolution, which the author taught simultaneously at NYU Shanghai during the Spring 2023 semester, yields several strategies that instructors can implement to help deter students from using ChatGPT, and other AI tools, to generate their research essays. These strategies include making essays one component of larger scaffolded assignments in which students are explicit about their research process, devoting class time to brainstorming and discussion at the beginning of, and key points throughout, a project, providing periodic feedback from the instructor and classmates, requiring students to utilize available university resources, such as libraries and academic resource centers, and intervening to create additional personalized scaffolding for students who are struggling. By doing so, students can continue to gain the information literacy, critical analysis, and organizational skills—as well as the ability to express themselves clearly—that writing college essays provides.
The interplay between gut microbiota and the brain-gut axis in Parkinson’s disease treatment
Authors: Jia Xi , Wang Qin , Liu Meilingzi , Ding Jia-yuan
Published: May 2024

This study delves into the pivotal role of the gut microbiota and the brain-gut axis in Parkinson’s Disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder with significant motor and non-motor implications. It posits that disruptions in gut microbiota—dysbiosis—and alterations in the brain-gut axis contribute to PD’s pathogenesis. Our findings highlight the potential of the gastrointestinal system’s early involvement in PD, suggested by the precedence of gastrointestinal symptoms before motor symptoms emerge. This observation implies a possible gut-originated disease pathway. The analysis demonstrates that dysbiosis in PD patients leads to increased intestinal permeability and systemic inflammation, which in turn exacerbates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Such insights into the interaction between gut microbiota and the brain-gut axis not only elucidate PD’s underlying mechanisms but also pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions. We propose targeted treatment strategies, including dietary modifications and fecal microbiota transplantation, aimed at modulating the gut microbiota. These approaches hold promise for augmenting current PD treatment modalities by alleviating both motor and non-motor symptoms, thereby potentially improving patient quality of life. This research underscores the significance of the gut microbiota in the progression and treatment of PD, advocating for an integrated, multidisciplinary approach to develop personalized, efficacious management strategies for PD patients, combining insights from neurology, microbiology, and nutritional science.
Macronutrient-differential dietary pattern impacts on body weight, hepatic inflammation, and metabolism
Authors: Li Yuan-yuan , Madduri Supradeep S. , Rezeli Erika T. , Santos Charlene , Freeman III Herman , Peng Jing , McRitchie Susan L. , Pathmasiri Wimal , Hursting Stephen D. , Sumner Susan J. , Stewart Delisha A.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Obesity is a multi-factorial disease frequently associated with poor nutritional habits and linked to many detrimental health outcomes. Individuals with obesity are more likely to have increased levels of persistent inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation. The goal of this study was to compare four dietary patterns differentiated by macronutrient content in a postmenopausal model. Dietary patterns were high carbohydrate (HC), high fat (HF), high carbohydrate plus high fat (HCHF), and high protein (HP) with higher fiber.

Methods

Changes in body weight and glucose levels were measured in female, ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice after 15 weeks of feeding. One group of five mice fed the HCHF diet was crossed over to the HP diet on day 84, modeling a 21-day intervention. In a follow-up study comparing the HCHF versus HP dietary patterns, systemic changes in inflammation, using an 80-cytokine array and metabolism, by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS)-based metabolomics were evaluated.

Results

Only the HF and HCHF diets resulted in obesity, shown by significant differences in body weights compared to the HP diet. Body weight gains during the two-diet follow-up study were consistent with the four-diet study. On Day 105 of the 4-diet study, glucose levels were significantly lower for mice fed the HP diet than for those fed the HC and HF diets. Mice switched from the HCHF to the HP diet lost an average of 3.7 grams by the end of the 21-day intervention, but this corresponded with decreased food consumption. The HCHF pattern resulted in dramatic inflammatory dysregulation, as all 80 cytokines were elevated significantly in the livers of these mice after 15 weeks of HCHF diet exposure. Comparatively, only 32 markers changed significantly on the HP diet (24 up, 8 down). Metabolic perturbations in several endogenous biological pathways were also observed based on macronutrient differences and revealed dysfunction in several nutritionally relevant biosynthetic pathways.

Conclusion

Overall, the HCHF diet promoted detrimental impacts and changes linked to several diseases, including arthritis or breast neoplasms. Identification of dietary pattern-specific impacts in this model provides a means to monitor the effects of disease risk and test interventions to prevent poor health outcomes through nutritional modification.
Changes in biochemical composition of Ethiopian Coffee arabica with growing region and traditional roasting
Authors: Mengesha Dhaba , Retta Negussie , Woldemariam Henock Woldemichael , Getachew Paulos
Published: May 2024

Updating the biochemical composition of coffee beans across the years is necessary. This is important to understand the vulnerability of coffee toward climate adaptation longitudinally. Accordingly, in this study the influence of growing area and traditional roasting on the biochemical composition of five common Ethiopian Arabica coffee beans collected in the harvest year of 2021/22 were investigated. With an average of 11.34 g/100 g, the Hararge and Jimma coffee beans had the highest crude fat content (p < 0.05). The crude protein content of the five varieties was in the range of 13–15 g/100 g, with respective highest and lowest contents in the (Hararge and Nekemte) and (Sidama and Yirgachefe) coffee beans (p < 0.05). The total phenolic content (TPC) of the coffee beans was in the order of Jimma (46.52) > Nekemte (44.55) > Sidama (44.31) > Hararge (39.02) > Yirgachefe (34.25) mg GAE/100 g. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ascorbic acid, coffee bean extract from Jimma and Hararge against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical was 19.86, 20.22 and 20.02 μg/mL, respectively. The respective highest and lowest caffeine concentration was obtained in the Yirgachefe (10.38) and Hararge (7.55 g/100 g) coffee beans (p < 0.05). The Jimma, Sidama, and Nekemte coffee varieties had the highest chlorogenic acid content of 45 g/100 g (p > 0.05); whereas the lowest content was in Hararge coffee (36.78 g/100 g). While the caffeine concentration did not show significant (p > 0.05) difference, with all the coffee beans the roasting has reduced significantly the TPC, trigonelline and mainly the chlorogenic acid (p < 0.05). These data can update the existing facts on biochemical diversity of coffee beans in the country which can be used for evidence based innovations of climate adaptation in predicting the quality of coffee. Further recommendation of optimizing the traditional coffee processing method is supported from this study.
Mediation of transactive memory capability in relationship of social media usage and job performance
Authors: Feng Tao , Madni Ghulam Rasool
Published: May 2024

This study explores the role of transactive memory capability as a mediator in the relationship between social media usage and job performance. Drawing on transactive memory theory, we hypothesized that individuals who use social media more intensively for task-oriented purposes and relationship building are more likely to develop transactive memory capability, which in turn enhances their job performance. A survey was conducted among 816 employees in China from various industries to collect data on their social media usage patterns, transactive memory capability, and job performance. Results from structural equation modeling indicate that social media usage has a positive impact on job performance. Additionally, transactive memory capability mediates the relationship between social media usage and job performance. This study has contribution in literature by demonstrating the beneficial effects of social media usage on the development of transactive memory capability and job performance. It is suggested that social media usage can be used a valuable tool for enhancing performance of employees. Employees should gain an understanding of how social media fosters the development of transactive memory capability to utilize it more effectively. These findings also suggest that the way individuals use social media can influence their ability to access and share knowledge within their social networks, ultimately impacting their job performance.
Inversion of Glycyrrhiza Chlorophyll Content Based on Hyperspectral Imagery
Authors: Xu Miaomiao , Dai Jianguo , Zhang Guoshun , Hou Wenqing , Mu Zhengyang , Chen Peipei , Cao Yujuan , Zhao Qingzhan
Published: May 2024

Glycyrrhiza is an important medicinal crop that has been extensively utilized in the food and medical sectors, yet studies on hyperspectral remote sensing monitoring of glycyrrhiza are currently scarce. This study analyzes glycyrrhiza hyperspectral images, extracts characteristic bands and vegetation indices, and constructs inversion models using different input features. The study obtained ground and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral images and chlorophyll content (called Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) values) from sampling sites at three growth stages of glycyrrhiza (regreening, flowering, and maturity). Hyperspectral data were smoothed using the Savitzky–Golay filter, and the feature vegetation index was selected using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE). Feature extraction was performed using Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Successive Projections Algorithm (SPA). The SPAD values were then inverted using Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and the results were analyzed visually. The results indicate that in the ground glycyrrhiza inversion model, the GA-XGBoost model combination performed best during the regreening period, with R2, RMSE, and MAE values of 0.95, 0.967, and 0.825, respectively, showing improved model accuracy compared to full-spectrum methods. In the UAV glycyrrhiza inversion model, the CARS-PLSR combination algorithm yielded the best results during the maturity stage, with R2, RMSE, and MAE values of 0.83, 1.279, and 1.215, respectively. This study proposes a method combining feature selection techniques and machine learning algorithms that can provide a reference for rapid, nondestructive inversion of glycyrrhiza SPAD at different growth stages using hyperspectral sensors. This is significant for monitoring the growth of glycyrrhiza, managing fertilization, and advancing precision agriculture.
Implications of Artificial Intelligence in Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance: Innovations, Global Challenges, and Healthcare’s Future
Authors: Branda Francesco , Scarpa Fabio
Published: May 2024

Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to global public health due to complex interactions between bacterial genetic factors and external influences such as antibiotic misuse. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers innovative strategies to address this crisis. For example, AI can analyze genomic data to detect resistance markers early on, enabling early interventions. In addition, AI-powered decision support systems can optimize antibiotic use by recommending the most effective treatments based on patient data and local resistance patterns. AI can accelerate drug discovery by predicting the efficacy of new compounds and identifying potential antibacterial agents. Although progress has been made, challenges persist, including data quality, model interpretability, and real-world implementation. A multidisciplinary approach that integrates AI with other emerging technologies, such as synthetic biology and nanomedicine, could pave the way for effective prevention and mitigation of antimicrobial resistance, preserving the efficacy of antibiotics for future generations.
Machine Learning-Based Crop Yield Prediction in South India: Performance Analysis of Various Models
Authors: Nikhil Uppugunduri , Pandiyan Athiya , Raja S. , Stamenkovic Zoran
Published: May 2024

Agriculture is one of the most important activities that produces crop and food that is crucial for the sustenance of a human being. In the present day, agricultural products and crops are not only used for local demand, but globalization has allowed us to export produce to other countries and import from other countries. India is an agricultural nation and depends a lot on its agricultural activities. Prediction of crop production and yield is a necessary activity that allows farmers to estimate storage, optimize resources, increase efficiency and decrease costs. However, farmers usually predict crops based on the region, soil, weather conditions and the crop itself based on experience and estimates which may not be very accurate especially with the constantly changing and unpredictable climactic conditions of the present day. To solve this problem, we aim to predict the production and yield of various crops such as rice, sorghum, cotton, sugarcane and rabi using Machine Learning (ML) models. We train these models with the weather, soil and crop data to predict future crop production and yields of these crops. We have compiled a dataset of attributes that impact crop production and yield from specific states in India and performed a comprehensive study of the performance of various ML Regression Models in predicting crop production and yield. The results indicated that the Extra Trees Regressor achieved the highest performance among the models examined. It attained a R-Squared score of 0.9615 and showed lowest Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 21.06 and 33.99. Following closely behind are the Random Forest Regressor and LGBM Regressor, achieving R-Squared scores of 0.9437 and 0.9398 respectively. Moreover, additional analysis revealed that tree-based models, showing a R-Squared score of 0.9353, demonstrate better performance compared to linear and neighbors-based models, which achieved R-Squared scores of 0.8568 and 0.9002 respectively.
CMOS IC Solutions for the 77 GHz Radar Sensor in Automotive Applications
Authors: Papotto Giuseppe , Parisi Alessandro , Finocchiaro Alessandro , Nocera Claudio , Cavarra Andrea , Castorina Alessandro , Palmisano Giuseppe
Published: May 2024

This paper presents recent results on CMOS integrated circuits for automotive radar sensor applications in the 77 GHz frequency band. It is well demonstrated that nano-scale CMOS technologies are the best solution for the implementation of low-cost and high-performance mm-wave radar sensors since they provide high integration level besides supporting high-speed digital processing. The present work is mainly focused on the RF front-end and summarizes the most stringent requirements of both short/medium- and long-range radar applications. After a brief introduction of the adopted technology, the paper addresses the critical building blocks of the receiver and transmitter chain while discussing crucial design aspects to meet the final performance. Specifically, effective circuit topologies are presented, which concern mixer, variable-gain amplifier, and filter for the receiver, as well as frequency doubler and power amplifier for the transmitter. Moreover, a voltage-controlled oscillator for a PLL efficiently covering the two radar bands is described. Finally, the circuit description is accompanied by experimental results of an integrated implementation in a 28 nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS technology.