bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prawo osadzonych do poszanowania życia prywatnego i rodzinnego — uwagi na tle najnowszych rozstrzygnięć Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka
Authors: Kwieciński Adam , Polak-Kruszyk Aleksandra
Published: February 2024

Zasadniczym celem niniejszej publikacji jest analiza najnowszego orzecznictwa Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka w zakresie prawa osadzonych do poszanowania życia prywatnego i rodzinnego. Wybór judykatów został przeprowadzony w oparciu o podział na sprawy krajowe (polskie) oraz pochodzące z innych krajów należących do Rady Europy. Analizie poddano najnowsze rozstrzygnięcia w obrębie tytułowej problematyki. Celem badania było zdiagnozowanie najczęstszych przyczyn stwierdzania przez Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka naruszenia art. 8 Europejskiej konwencji praw człowieka i rekonstrukcja wynikających z tych orzeczeń standardów. Ponadto podjęto się ustalenia czasu, w którym rozpoznawane były skargi i zagadnienia wysokości przyznanych na podstawie art. 41 Europejskiej konwencji praw człowieka zadośćuczynień.
TRADITIONS OF WELCOMING BIRTH IN THE ENDE COMMUNITY, EAST NUSA TENGGARA: THE DIALECTICS OF ISLAM AND LOCAL CULTURE
Authors: Hidayah Hairul , Paris Ilman
Published: February 2024

The tradition of welcoming a baby has an important role in the Ende people of East Nusa Tenggara.  This study aims to understand how religious and traditional aspects are dialectic in welcoming the birth of a baby. This research method uses an ethnographic approach, involving participatory observation, in-depth interviews with traditional and religious leaders, as well as literature studies to gain a comprehensive understanding of the traditional practices and Islamic values ??involved. The results of the study show that the tradition of welcoming babies in the Ende people is a blend of Islamic teachings and local cultural values. Religious aspects such as special prayers are integrated with local practices.. Despite social and religious changes, this tradition continues to function as a social glue and cultural identity for the Ende people.
STRATEGIES FOR NURTURING THE COMMUNITY IN ADDRESSING WORSHIP DEGRADATION AMONG THE PINARIK COMMUNITY IN THE DOLOK SIGOMPULON SUBDISTRICT, NORTH PADANG LAWAS REGENCY
Authors: Muktarruddin  , Ilham Mirzaya Putra  , Ritonga Mardina Ratna Sari
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the degradation of worship that occurs in Pinarik Village, Dolok Sigompulon District, North Padang Lawas Regency. As well as researching strategies for developing people in overcoming the degradation of worship in the community of Pinarik Village, Dolok Sigompulon District, North Padang Lawas Regency. This type of research is qualitative with a qualitative descriptive approach method. The results of the research show that the degradation of community worship in Pinarik Village is very worrying, especially in prayer, fasting and morals. The degradation of worship is caused by a lack of awareness among the public regarding the importance of carrying out worship. So that community leaders carry out strategies for developing people in overcoming the degradation of worship in the Pinarik community through several strategies, namely: strategies for giving advice, strategies for example, strategies for habituation and strategies for giving punishment.
ENHANCING RURAL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT THROUGH POLITICAL TRANSPARENCY
Authors: Padilah Ahirul Habib , Alamri Annisa Rizqa , Apriyani Eka , Rudiyanto Yustinus
Published: February 2024

Political transparency plays a pivotal role in strengthening active participation and awareness of rural communities in local development processes. . This study aims to analyze the role of political transparency in shaping empowered and resilient rural communities. The primary focus is to understand the positive impact of political transparency on active participation of village residents, enhancing accountability of local government, and driving sustainable development. The research employs a qualitative descriptive analysis approach, combining primary and secondary data. Primary data is gathered through interviews with local leaders, community figures, and village residents, while secondary data is derived from official documents and relevant literature studies. The findings indicate that the implementation of political transparency significantly enhances the participation of rural communities in the development process.
Hidrogeomorfologia de Áreas Úmidas da Chapada do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Silva Mirelle Oliveira , Souza Jonas Otaviano Praça de , Guerra Maria Daniely Freire
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho buscou identificar e caracterizar as Áreas Úmidas (AUs) de cabeceiras de drenagem na Chapada do Araripe, no semiárido brasileiro, a partir do reconhecimento dos fatores ambientais, controladores de sua gênese e dinâmica. A identificação das AUs ocorreu por meio de sensoriamento remoto e dados de campo. A análise deu-se pela avaliação dos parâmetros ambientais, e, posteriormente, foram definidos pontos representativos para detalhamento. Os resultados apontaram a relação existente entre as condições hidrogeológicas e hidrogeomorfológicas no desenvolvimento e na manutenção das AUs. Foram visitados 36 pontos, dos quais 11 enquadraram-se como AUs. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, 6 pontos foram considerados como representativos, sendo analisados por meio de parâmetros, como o TWI, a curvatura do terreno, a declividade, a altitude, a área de captação e a amplitude altimétrica. Entre esses, apenas os 4 primeiros parâmetros se mantiveram constantes, mostrando-se oportunos para o estudo relativo às AUs em áreas de cabeceira. Outro ponto destacado foi o intenso uso da terra, pois são ambientes que dispõem de um maior aporte hídrico, podendo tal fato associar-se com a intermitência, que 4 das 6 AUs apresentaram. Portanto, as AUs da Chapada do Araripe são mantidas, sobretudo pelas condições hidrogeomorfológicas, geomorfológicas e hidrogeológicas.
From Genes to Genomes: Opportunities, Challenges, and a Roadmap for Synteny-based Phylogenomics
Authors: Steenwyk Jacob , King Nicole
Published: February 2024

Reconstructing the Tree of Life remains a central goal in biology. Early methods, relying on small numbers of morphological or genetic characters, often yielded conflicting evolutionary histories, undermining confidence in the results. Investigations based on phylogenomics, which use hundreds to thousands of loci for phylogenetic inquiry, have provided a clearer picture of life's history, but certain branches remain problematic. To resolve difficult nodes on the Tree of Life, two recent studies tested the utility of synteny, the conserved collinearity of orthologous genetic loci in two or more organisms, for phylogenetics. Synteny exhibits compelling phylogenomic potential while also raising new challenges. We identify and discuss specific opportunities and challenges that bear on the value of synteny data and other rare genomic changes for phylogenomic studies. Synteny-based analyses of highly contiguous genome assemblies mark a new chapter in the phylogenomic era and the quest to reconstruct the Tree of Life.
Assessment of the Quality of Agricultural Soils in Manica Province (Mozambique)
Authors: Pereira Mário J.S.L. , Silva Joaquim Esteves da
Published: February 2024

Agriculture is the main economic activity of Mozambique and there is lack of information about the quality of agricultural soils. In this paper, five soils from the Manica and Sussudenga districts (Manica province) were sampled in the years 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 (before and after the rainy seasons), were subjected to an agronomical and environmental chemical analysis to assess its quality, either from the fertility and environmental contamination point of view. Standard analytical methodologies from external certified laboratories and local X-ray fluorescence measurements were used. All the studied soils are acidic (pH ranging from 4.5 and 5.4), have no salinity problems (conductivity ranging from 4.2 to 11.8 mS/m), have low amount of soil organic matter (0.90% to 1.81%), and soils from the Sussudenga district have a very low cation exchange capacity (CEC) (average of 3.33 cmolc/kg), while those from Manica district ranges from very low to average CEC (3.59 to 13.11 cmolc/kg). Also, Sussudenga soils have a phosphorous deficiency (values ranging from <20 to 38.5 mg/kg) and there are deficiencies and/or excesses of some macro and micronutrients in all soil samples. Manica soils are contaminated, apparently from geogenic origin, with Cr (280 to 1400 mg/kg), Co (80 mg/kg), Ni (78 to 680 mg/kg) and V (86 mg/kg). Agricultural soils monitoring must be fostered in Mozambique in order to improve food quality and quantity to assure economic and environmental sustainability.
iBVP Dataset: RGB-Thermal rPPG Dataset With High Resolution Signal Quality Labels
Authors: Joshi Jitesh Narendra , Cho Youngjun
Published: February 2024

Remote Photoplethysmography (rPPG) has emerged as a non-intrusive and promising physiological sensing capability in HCI research, gradually extending its applications in health-monitoring and clinical care contexts. With advanced machine learning models, recent datasets collected in real-world conditions have gradually enhanced the performance of rPPG methods in recovering heart-rate and heart-rate variability metrics. However, the signal quality of reference ground-truth PPG data in existing datasets is by and large neglected, while poor quality references negatively influence models. Here, this work introduces a new imaging blood volume pulse (iBVP) dataset of synchronized RGB and thermal infrared videos with PPG ground-truth signals from the ear and its high resolution signal quality labels, for the first time. Participants perform rhythmic breathing, head-movement, and stress-inducing tasks, which help reflect real-world variations in psycho-physiological states. This work conducts dense (per sample) signal quality assessment to discard noisy segments of ground-truth and corresponding video frames. We further present a novel end-to-end machine learning framework, iBVPNet that features an efficient and effective spatio-temporal feature aggregation for reliable estimation of BVP signals. Finally, this work examines the feasibility of extracting BVP signals from thermal video frames, which is underexplored. The iBVP dataset and source codes are publicly available for research use.
Training Improvement Methods of ANN Trajectory Predictors in Power Systems
Authors: Kim Sangwon
Published: February 2024

This paper proposes training improvement methods of artificial neural networks (ANN) trajectory predictors. First, a dynamic power system time-series trajectory is split into several different segments to simplify the original ANN training problem. Moreover, the time-derivative of the trajectory is included to obtain an augmented loss function. Compared to previous studies which mainly focused on increasing the prediction accuracy, the aim of these novel techniques is to reduce the computational burden where the ANN output performance is still acceptable. The effectiveness of the developed methods is validated based on the WSCC three-machine nine-bus and IEEE 39-bus system models. The mean absolute error (MAE) and trajectory prediction results are analyzed, in which the numbers of neurons, hidden layers, and training epochs are constrained during the ANN training process. Rotor-angle difference between generators and the system frequency are investigated as the dynamic trajectories of the power system models. It is revealed that when the ANN architecture and epochs are constrained, the MAE results can be reduced, and the ANN training results can better reflect the original trajectory using the improvement approaches.
A Quantum-Safe Software-Defined Deterministic Internet of Things (IoT) with Hardware-Enforced Cyber-security for Critical Infrastructures
Authors: Szymanski Ted H.
Published: February 2024

The next-generation "Industrial Internet of Things" (IIoT) will support "Machine-to-Machine" (M2M) communications for smart Cyber-Physical-Systems and Industry 4.0, and require guaranteed cyber-security. This paper explores hardware-enforced cyber-security for critical infrastructures. It examines a Quantum-Safe "Software-Defined Deterministic IIoT" (SDD-IIoT), with a new forwarding-plane (sub-layer-3a) for deterministic M2M traffic flows. A "Software-Defined-Networking" (SDN) control-plane controls many "SDD Wide Area Networks" (SDD-WANs), realized with FPGAs. The SDN control-plane provides an "Admission-Control/Access-Control" system for network-bandwidth, using collaborating Artificial Intelligence (AI) rule-based "Zero Trust Architectures" (ZTAs). Hardware-enforced access-control eliminates all congestion, BufferBloat, and DoS/DDoS attacks in the forwarding-plane, reduces buffer-sizes by 100,000+ times, and supports ultra-reliable and uItra-low-latency communications in the SDD-WANs. The SDD-WANs can: (i) Encrypt/Authenticate M2M flows using Quantum-Safe ciphers, to withstand attacks by Quantum Computers; (ii) Implement "Guaranteed Intrusion Detection Systems" in FPGAs, to detect cyber-attacks embedded within billions of IIoT packets/second; (iii) Provide guaranteed immunity to external cyber-attacks against critical infrastructure, and exceptionally-strong immunity to internal cyber-attacks; (iv) Save $US100s of billions annually by exploiting FPGAs; and (v) Enable "Quantum Key Distribution" (QKD) Networks by providing a programmable forwarding-plane with "authenticated classical channels" and full-immunity to DoS/DDoS attacks. Extensive experimental results for an SDD-WAN over the European Union are reported.
Investigating the Influence of River Geomorphology on Human Presence Using Night Lights Data: A Case Study in the Indus Basin
Authors: Aggarwal Ekta , Whittaker Alexander C. , Gupta Sanjeev
Published: February 2024

: Human settlements have historically thrived near rivers for navigation, trade, and availability of water supply and resources. Night light data, representing economic activities provide a novel approach to studying the interactions between human activity and rivers over time. Here, we use the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) stable night light data from 2000-2013 as a proxy for human presence and activities to quantify the statistical relationships between night light presence and intensity in the Indus Basin, Asia. We test how these data are affected by proximity to trunk channels and by channel type (single/multi-thread) in the study area. We find that night light presence is enhanced by 26% within a 0 to 5 km proximity range of the Indus River and its tribu-taries, relative to the basin as a whole. We interpret this to represent increased human presence and activity within this zone. However, the mean intensity is lower near the river and higher away from the river signifying denser settlements, such as towns and cities which are preferentially located away from the Indus and its tributaries. Moreover, the enhancement of lit pixels signifying human presence and activities is increased by 18% near single-thread sections of the Indus River, compared to segments of the Indus displaying multi-thread morphologies. We suggest that this is due to the enhanced stability of single-threaded channels, relative to mobile multi-threaded channel reaches. This study demonstrates how night lights are an important tool to constrain the relationship between human presence and river dynamics in large catchments such as the Indus, and we suggest this data will have an important role in assessing differential flood spatial and social vulnerability at a regional scale.
Application of a Soil Quality Index (SQI) to Assess Impacts on Stocking Rate Variations in Mediterranean Forests
Authors: M.I Picazo-Córdoba , F. García-Saucedo , F.A. García-Morote , C. Wic-Baena , F.R. López-Serrano , E.M. Rubio-Caballero , J.L. Moreno-Ortego , M. Andrés-Abellán
Published: February 2024

Quantifying different stocking rates effects in three study areas placed at Mediterranean forest (Cuenca, Spain) was conducted by applying a multiparametric soil quality index, SQI, developed in undisturbed forest soils (> 40 years). The main objective is to advance in the development and application of multiparametric indexes which allow for soil condition assessment. For it, is analyse the effectiveness of a multiparametric soil quality index (SQI) as an indicator livestock impacts on the soil in mediterranean forests. Control areas without stocking rates were compared in forest stands with different age (Thicket forest stand, < 30 years; High polewood forest stand, 30-60 years; Old growth forest stand, > 60 years); with various intensity grazing areas (permanent livestock passage: inactive sheepfold for 2-3 years, and active sheepfold; intermittent livestock passage: bare soil, pine stand, scrubland). The multiparametric soil quality index (SQI) applied sensitive to changes in forest ecosystems depending of different stocking rates. However, for even more preci-sion to assess cattle alteration, multiparameter index recalibrated, creating a new one; Soil Status Index by Livestock (SSIL). Correlation between quality ranges obtained with both indexes in dif-ferent study areas suggest that SSIL can be considered a livestock impact reference indicator in Mediterranean forest soils.
Co-ultraPEALut in Subjective Cognitive Impairment Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Exploratory Retrospective Study
Authors: Cenacchi Valentina , Furlanis Giovanni , Menichelli Alina , Lunardelli Alberta , Pesavento Valentina , Manganotti Paolo
Published: February 2024

Neurological involvement following COronaVIrus Disease 19 (COVID-19) is thought to have a neuroinflammatory etiology. Co-ultraPEALut (an antiinflammatory molecule) and luteolin (an antioxidant) yielded promising results as neuroinflammation antagonists. This study aimed at describing cognitive impairment in post-COVID patient treated with co-ultraPEALut. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Prospective-Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and a subjective evaluation were administered at baseline and after 10 months. Co-ultraPEALut-treated patients were retrospectively compared with controls. 26 co-ultraPEALut-treated patients showed significant improvement in PRMQ (T0: 51.94±10.55, T1: 39.67±13.02, p
Patient Experiences of Community Pharmacy Medication Supply and Medicines Reconciliation at Hospital Discharge: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mundell Rhona , Jamieson Derek , Shaw Gwen , Thomson Anne , Forsyth Paul
Published: February 2024

(1) Background: As part of the Scottish Governments five-year recovery plan to address the backlog in NHS care following the COVID-19 pandemic, community pharmacies in Scotland are planned to provide a Hospital Discharge Medicines Supply and Medicines Reconciliation Service. We aimed to qualitatively explore patients’ experience of this new service; (2) Method: Adult patients (≥18yrs age) who consented to participate in the Community Pharmacy Hospital Dis-charge and Medicines Reconciliation Service were invited for interview within 21 days of dis-charge from hospital. Qualitative, one-to-one, semi-structured, patient interviews were conducted by telephone and audio-recorded using Microsoft Teams®. The interview audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and underwent thematic analysis; (3) Results: 12 patients were inter-viewed, evenly split by sex and with a median age of 62 years (range; 36 to 88 years). Analysis generated main five themes; Patient Engagement, Stakeholder Communication, Practical Factors, Human Factors, and Comparative Experiences. Many of these were interdependent; (4) Con-clusions: Patients appreciated that the service ensured a quicker discharge from hospital. Good stakeholder communication, practical factors (including choice, location, and the realities of ob-taining their medication from the community pharmacy), and a pre-existing and trusted rela-tionship in their usual community pharmacy were the key factors that regulated the patient ex-perience. In the main, patients were positive about the introduction of this new service. However, a lack of previous relationship or trust with a community pharmacy, and previous experiences with medication supply problems were factors which had the potential to negatively impact on patient experiences.
Toward a theory of spiral turbulence of a nonmagnetic astrophysical disk. Formation of large-scale vortex structures
Authors: Kolesnichenko Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: February 2024

A closed system of three-dimensional hydrodynamic equations of the mean motion scale is presented for modeling spiral turbulence in a rotating astrophysical disk. The diffusion equations for the averaged vortex and the integral vortex spirality transport equation are derived. A general concept of the emergence of energy-consuming mezoscale coherent vortex structures in a thermodynamically open subsystem of turbulent chaos, associated with the realization of the inverse cascade of kine-tic energy in mirror-nonsymmetric disk turbulence, is formulated. It is shown that negative viscosity in the rotating disk three-dimensional system is apparently a manifestation of cascade processes in spiral turbulence, when an inverse energy transfer from small vortices to larger ones is realized. It is also shown that a relatively long decay of turbulence in the disk is associated with the absence of reflective symmetry of the anisotropic field of turbulent velocities relative to its equatorial plane. The work is of a review character, made with the aim of improving new models of astrophysical nonmagnetic disks for which the effects of spiral turbulence play a determining role.
Evaluation of uterine cavity obliteration degree with three-dimensional ultrasound
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Krasnova I.A. , Esipova I.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Breusenko V.G. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Aksenova V.B. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Timofeeva E.G. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kudimova M.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khashieva F.M. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bazali O. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To improve treatment outcomes for intrauterine adhesions (IUA) in reproductive-aged patients by implementing an algorithm of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound diagnostics. Patients and methods. This study included 146 women with suspected IUA. The mean age of patients was 30.7 ± 3.4 years. All patients were retrospectively divided into 5 groups: Group 0 (n = 27) – patients with thin endometrium; group I (n = 29) – patients with grade 1 IUA; group II (n = 22) – patients with grade 2 IUA; group III (n = 37) – patients with grade 3 IUA; group IV (n = 31) – patients with grade 4-5 IUA. The control group consisted of 20 healthy women. Algorithms for using different functions and modes of 3D ultrasound to assess the degree and architectonics of IUA were practiced. Results. Qualitative (polygonal shape of the uterine cavity, invagination of myometrium into the endometrium, fragmentary/total endometrial absence) and quantitative (dynamic examination of endometrial volume) ultrasound criteria defining the degree of IUA in 3D ultrasound according to the ESGE classification were developed. Conclusion. Based on the developed 3D ultrasound criteria, the algorithm and criteria for diagnosing the degree of IUA were established. The analysis of intrauterine architectonics allowed prediction of the course and choice of adhesiolysis technique and to reduce the number of intraoperative complications. Key words: 3D ultrasound, intrauterine adhesions, myomectomy, Asherman’s syndrome, uterine artery embolization, echohysterography
Current features of the management of children with Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pravoslavnaya O.V. , Kantutis S.S. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shakirova A.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Demyanova T.G. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sarkisyan H.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Chugunova O.L. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.F.Filatov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Cherkasova S.V. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.F.Filatov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Levchenko L.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.F.Filatov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shumilov P.V. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by a lack of expression of the paternally inherited chromosome 15q11.2-q13. PWS is a serious medical and social problem that requires the attention of a wide range of specialists. PWS is characterized by variability of symptoms and complex disease progression. The main clinical manifestation of the syndrome is severe hypotonia, or “floppy baby syndrome”, which is typical for the neonatal period. As a child grows, hyperphagia appears with the development of morbid obesity, as well as delay in growth, neuropsychiatric and sexual development, behavioral disorders, and cardiopulmonary complications. The diagnosis of the disease is based on clinical criteria and molecular genetic testing. The treatment of PWS is symptomatic. In addition to the use of growth hormone, examinations are carried out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of other groups of pharmacological agents for the treatment and correction of existing symptoms and complications of PWS. Timely diagnosis improves long-term outcomes and quality of life of children with this genetic pathology. The article presents current approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients with PWS. Key words: Prader–Willi syndrome, floppy baby syndrome, stigmas of dysembryogenesis, hypotonia, hyporeflexia, obesity, hyperphagia, neurodevelopmental disorders, hypogonadism
Results of correction of malnutrition in children with cystic fibrosis using a hypercaloric semi-elemental therapeutic formula for enteral nutrition: an observational study
Authors:   Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Maksimycheva T.Yu. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondratyeva E.I. ,   Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Odinaeva N.D. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To evaluate the dynamics of anthropometric indices and body composition in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) against the background of dietary correction with the use of semi-elemental and polymeric hypercaloric therapeutic formulas. Patients and methods. This was a single-center, retrospective, comparative study. Medical records of 40 children aged 5 to 10 years with a confirmed diagnosis of CF and a body mass index (BMI) less that the 50th percentile were analyzed. Children in the study group (n = 20) received a hypercaloric semi-elemental formula based on hydrolyzed protein; children in the comparison group (n = 20) received a hypercaloric formula for enteral nutrition based on whole protein. Both groups were comparable in age, sex, anthropometric and clinical characteristics. We assessed the comparative dynamics of anthropometric indices and body composition determined by bioimpedance analysis against the background of dietary correction for 90 ± 7 days. Results. The use of hypercaloric semi-elemental formula based on hydrolyzed protein was accompanied by an average increase in body weight by 1.8 kg, height by 2.2 cm, BMI by 0.7 kg/m2, and skeletal muscle mass by 1.7%. Similar results were obtained in the comparison group. No statistically significant differences between the groups regarding examined indicators were found. Conclusion. The retrospective analysis of using a hypercaloric semi-elemental formula based on hydrolyzed whey protein for the correction of nutritional deficiency in children with CF aged 5 to 10 years indicates its clinical efficacy for this category of patients. Key words: cystic fibrosis, children, malnutrition, hypercaloric formula, enteral nutrition, semi-elemental formula, intestinal syndrome, Peptamen Junior 1.5, malabsorpt
Current approaches to standardization of developmental assessment in preschool children
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Poretskova G.Yu. , Sazonova O.V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Gavryushin M.Yu. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Khamtsova R.V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Plakhotnikova S.V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Tyazheva A.A. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Napalkova S.A. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Barinov I.V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Negative trends in children’s health necessitate the use of a prenosological approach aimed at prevention and early detection of pathology risks. Developmental monitoring as a conditional measure of a child’s physical capabilities is of particular importance. To prevent the development of school-related diseases, it is recommended to conduct examinations in advance, at preschool age. This poses a challenge to public health practitioners to choose between international or regional standards for the assessment of physical development. Objective. To compare the results of applying international and regional standards for assessing the physical development of preschool children. Patients and methods. This cross-sectional study included 1716 children aged 2 to 7 years living in Samara. Physical development was assessed using the WHO Z-score standards and regional regression scales. Results. Comparison of the results revealed significant differences: regression scales were 13.3% more likely to detect short stature, 4.3% more likely to detect tall stature, and 6.5% more likely to detect underweight. The only indicator for which the regression scales were less likely to detect deviations from developmental reference ranges was overweight, but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05) and was observed only when comparing the results in boys. Conclusion. For timely and effective assessment of child and adolescent health, it is advisable to establish regional standards of physical development. Key words: preschool age, children’s health, prevention, physical development
Effect of the FTO gene polymorphism rs9939609 on pregnancy weight gain, breast milk leptin and IGF-1 levels, and growth of breastfed infants
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shilina N.M. , Sorokina E.Yu. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Legonkova T.I. ,   Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russian Federation, Netunaeva E.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shpakovskaya K.S. ,   Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russian Federation, Pyrieva E.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

The search for possible ways of early prevention of obesity is an urgent task. Previous studies have provided evidence of the association of breast milk (BM) hormones with growth in young children. However, information on the influence of the mother’s genetic predisposition to obesity and her weight gain during pregnancy on their level is limited. Objective. To assess the effect of the rs9939609 polymorphism in the maternal FTO gene on body weight gain during pregnancy, the levels of leptin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in BM, as well as the dynamics of the physical development of exclusively breastfed children. Patients and methods. The study involved 103 healthy women aged (M ± m) 32.2 ± 0.5 years, with a BMI of 19.8 ± 2.8 kg/m2 and their children living in Smolensk. Mothers gave informed consent to participate in the study. BM was taken on days 10–14, at 1 and 3 months of lactation. Levels of leptin and IGF-1 were determined in the morning midstream portion of BM serum by ELISA. Anthropometric data of children were assessed at birth, at 1 and 3 months of life using the WHO Anthro software (2009) by calculating the Z-scores of “weight-for-age” (WAZ) and “length-for-age” (LAZ). The women were genotyped for rs9939609 by real-time PCR. Results. Mothers with the TT genotype (frequency of occurrence – 62%) had higher body weight gain during pregnancy than carriers of the AT (22%) and AA (16%) genotypes, as well as significantly higher leptin and lower IGF-1 levels in BM during the entire observation period. Their infants had significantly lower WAZ at birth and at 1 month and LAZ at 3 months of life than children born to mothers with the AA and AT genotypes. Conclusion. Lower parameters of the physical development of infants born to mothers with the TT genotype of the rs9939609 polymorphism in the FTO gene can be explained by their low genetic predisposition to obesity. However, we cannot exclude the existence of an additional mechanism of growth restriction due to the influence of BM hormones on it, i.e., a reduced level of IGF-1 and the anorexigenic effect of an increased level of leptin, probably associated with a higher BMI and weight gain in mothers with the TT genotype over the period of pregnancy. Key words: anthropometry, breast milk, insulin-like growth factor-1, leptin, rs9939609 polymorphism, pregnancy weight gain
Underweight in children: clinical manifestations and nutritional status indicators
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Keleynikova A.V. , Taran N.N. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Titova O.N. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zubovich A.I. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Strokova T.V. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tin I.F. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To assess body composition and actual nutrition in underweight children. Patients and methods. This study included 455 underweight children aged 3 months to 17 years 11 months (mean age: 7.1 [2.7; 13.1] years), of whom 251 (55.2%) were boys. Physical development was assessed according to the WHO criteria. Body composition was assessed in 243 children by bioelectrical impedance analysis using a portable analyzer “InBody S10” and a stationary analyzer “InBody 520” (Biospace Co. Ltd., Korea). Actual nutrition was measured in 214 patients. Results. Mild underweight was observed in 188 (41.3%) children, moderate and severe underweight – in 135 (29.7%) and 132 (29%) patients, respectively. Stunting was observed in 118 (25.9%) children, and severe stunting (Z-score < -3) was found in 71 (60.2%) children. In 53.5% of cases, severe malnutrition was diagnosed in patients with a Z-score of < -3. Manifestation of underweight in 82.7% of cases was noted before the age of 3 years. Deficiencies of body fat was registered in 213 (87.7%) children, muscle mass – in 183 (76.6%), body cell mass – in 152 (67%), protein – in 150 (63.3%), minerals – in 159 (67.1%), total body water – in 151 (62.1%). Low values of phase angle (<4.4) were recorded in 69 (45%) children. Analysis of the actual nutrition revealed a hypocaloric diet in 77.1% of cases, with isolated protein deficiency in 2 (0.9%) patients and protein-energy malnutrition in 31.8% of cases. Conclusion. As the duration of malnutrition increases in underweight children, the prevalence of severe forms of underweight and stunting increases. Key words: children, underweight, nutritional status, anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, actual nutrition
Methods of nutritional status assessment in children with neurological disorders
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pyryeva E.A. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Safronova A.I. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Timoshina M.I. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Netunaeva E.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Improving approaches to the diagnosis of nutritional disorders in children has great scientific and practical importance. This study examines the possibilities of using the Mid-Upper-Arm Circumference (MUAC) screening tool for nutritional status assessment in clinical practice. Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of MUAC screening tool for nutritional status assessment in children with neurological disorders. Patients and methods. This study included 309 children with epilepsy, cerebral palsy and congenital anomalies of the central nervous system aged 5 to 15 years (mean age: 9.8 ± 3.6 years) who were treated in a multidisciplinary hospital. Among them, there were 190 (61.5%) boys and 119 (38.5%) girls. Physical development was assessed using the WHO AnthroPlus software and compared with MUAC tape measurements. During data processing, sensitivity and specificity indices were calculated. Results. Among the examined patients, malnutrition (BMI-for-age Z-score <-2) was detected in 39 (12.6%) children, according to MUAC tape measurements – in 72 (23.3%) children. When evaluating the efficacy of MUAC screening tool in diagnosing malnutrition in children (Z-score <-2), sensitivity was 94.9% and specificity was 81.1%. Conclusion. The prevalence of malnutrition among children aged 5 to 15 years detected by the MUAC tape was higher compared to the results obtained through the WHO AnthroPlus software. The MUAC approach is characterized by high levels of both specificity and sensitivity. More research is needed to expand the scope of MUAC tape application in pediatric practice. Key words: children, overweight, neurological disorders, malnutrition, nutritional status, MUAC
Characteristics of comorbid pathology in sarcopenic obesity in children
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pavlovskaya E.V. , Bagaeva M.E. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zubovich A.I. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Taran N.N. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shavkina M.I. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Strokova T.V. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Starodubova A.V. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To study the frequency and structure of comorbid pathology in children with sarcopenic obesity. Patients and methods. This retrospective study included 726 children aged 10 to 17 (13 [12; 15]) years, among whom 54.9% were girls. Anthropometric, laboratory and instrumental examinations were performed to diagnose non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), arterial hypertension (AH), and metabolic syndrome (MS). Body fat mass and skeletal muscle mass were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Sarcopenic obesity was diagnosed when the muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR) fell below the reference range. Results. The frequency of sarcopenic obesity in the total group of children was 83.3%, 71.2% in girls and 98.2% in boys. MFR was negatively correlated with the body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) (R = -0.66, p < 0.05). Sarcopenic obesity was associated with an increase in the frequency of comorbidities: in children with decreased MFR, NAFLD was detected in 74.7%, AH in 35.9%, and MS in 29.6%; with normal MFR values, the frequency of comorbidities was 52.9%, 14.0%, and 14.9%, respectively (p < 0.001). Median MFR in children with uncomplicated obesity (0.78 [0.67; 0.92]) was significantly higher than in patients with NAFLD (0.67 [0.58; 0.82]), AH (0.66 [0.52; 0.78]), and MS (0.68 [0.56; 0.83]), p < 0.001. Absolute values of skeletal muscle mass in most of the children remained within or exceeded the reference range. Conclusion. Most children with exogenous constitutional obesity were diagnosed with sarcopenic obesity. Sarcopenic obesity in children was accompanied by an increase in the frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, arterial hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. MFR can be used to assess the risk of obesity complications in children. Key words: obesity, skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenic obesity, children, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Clinical variability of Prune belly syndrome in the practice of neonatologists and pediatric surgeons
Authors:   G.N.Speransky Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kucherov Yu.I. , Sarkisyan H.A. ,   G.N.Speransky Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khokhlova A.P. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Samorokovskaya M.V. ,   G.N.Speransky Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Makulova A.I. ,   G.N.Speransky Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kuznetsova K.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Makarova L.M. ,   G.N.Speransky Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tsilinskaya O.V. ,   G.N.Speransky Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kholodnova N.V. ,   G.N.Speransky Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shumilov P.V. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Prune belly syndrome (PBS) is a rare congenital disorder classically defined by the presence of urinary tract anomalies, hypoplasia of the abdominal wall muscles, and bilateral cryptorchidism. In addition to the above-mentioned pathological conditions, other may also be present, creating greater variability in clinical presentation of the disease. There are also phenotypic variants of PBS, which are not manifested by all the distinguishing symptoms. The wide variability of the syndrome is due to the variety of genetic mutations and chromosomal abnormalities that lead to its development. Surgical treatment is required both for correction of underlying pathologies and for concomitant or emergent conditions. PBS is diagnosed in the prenatal period and, if pregnancy is prolonged, determines the scope of diagnostic and therapeutic measures in neonatal units. This article presents two clinical cases of PBS. The condition of patients allowed refraining from renal replacement therapy. Nephrostomy and ureterocutaneostomy helped to improve the condition. One child underwent surgical correction of chylous ascites. Key words: prune belly syndrome, megacystis, megaureter, cryptorchidism, abdominal muscle hypoplasia, wrinkled abdominal wall appearance, renal replacement therapy
Dependencia a los videojuegos y relación intrafamiliar en estudiantes de secundaria de colegios privados del distrito de San Juan de Miraflores en tiempos de la COVID-19
Authors:   , Velasquez Pingus Marjori
Published: February 2024

En la actualidad niños y adolescentes están envueltos en un mundo tecnológico, causado por el fácil acceso, sin embargo es el desconocimiento de los progenitores sobre el uso correcto los expone a diversos riesgos psicosociales, asimismo las familias disfuncionales. Ante ello, el estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre dependencia a los videojuegos y relación intrafamiliar en alumnos de nivel secundario de instituciones educativas privadas en San Juan de Miraflores durante la pandemia. El método fue de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básico, de diseño correlacional, y transversal. El muestreo fue tipo intencional con un total de 417 estudiantes de nivel secundario. Los instrumentos de aplicación fueron la “Escala de Relación Intrafamiliar”, por Rivera & Andrade, y el “Test de Dependencia a los videojuegos”, por Chóliz & Marco. Los resultados demuestran que la relación intrafamiliar no evidencia relación con la dependencia a los videojuegos (Rho: -0.026). Por otro lado, se encontró que los hombres muestran mayor dependencia (U=154444; p<.001); asimismo, el celular es el dispositivo más utilizado (U= 18330; P<0.009). A modo de conclusión, se recalcó la importancia de brindar un clima familiar funcional para los adolescentes y niños para evitar que se refugien en los videojuegos.