bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DOES PAKISTAN BELONG TO SOUTH ASIA?
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Belokrenitsky Vyacheslav Y.
Published: December 2023

Analyzing the question of Pakistan belonging to the South Asian region in the past and present, the author touches upon the problem of relations between states and regions. According to the author’s conclusion, Pakistan fits into the framework of South Asia, which in colonial times was most often called the Indian subcontinent. At the same time, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan occupies a marginal, limitrophe position in relation to the core of South Asia, the Republic of India. Pakistan stands in a similar position as a border state in relation to the larger and heterogeneous region of the Near and Middle East. The author also notes the growing role of the country as a transit zone connecting China with the states of Arabia and the Persian Gulf and opening ways to the World Ocean for the Republics of Central Asia and Afghanistan, and through them for Russia. The historical trend revealed in the article is the evolution of Pakistan from a purely South Asian country to a limitary country, located on the frontier of a number of key geopolitical areas.
Comparative method of qualifying safety systems of nuclear power plants with VVER-1000 and AP1000
Authors:   Interagency Center for Fundamental Scientific Research in Energy and Ecology Sector of the NAS of Ukraine, Odesа Polytechnic National University and Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine, Skalozubov V. I. , Kondratiuk V. A. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Dorozh O. A. ,   Educational and Scientific Institute of Energy of the Odesа Polytechnic National University, Filatov V. I. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: December 2023

A deterministic method of analyzing conditions for ensuring the safe operation of VVER-1000 and AP1000 nuclear power plants has been developed. The method is based on the comparison of the provision of the required safety functions by critical (minimum permissible) configurations of safety systems for accident management. During the analysis, the composition and information on the technical characteristics of the safety systems of the VVER-1000/320 and AP1000 reactor installations, which are designed to ensure the safety functions of feeding and cooling the reactor/PG, were considered. On the basis of the developed method, the relative criteria and safety conditions (for example — the criterion of safety — the maximum temperature of the heating element shell; the condition of safety is not to exceed the maximum design limit of damage to the twelfth (the temperature of the twelfth shell is 1,200 °C) for nuclear power plants with VVER-1000 and АР1000 reactors in terms of safety functions for emergency fueling and cooling of the reactor core and steam generators are determined. Preliminary estimates of the relative criteria and conditions for ensuring nuclear safety during accident management of natural circulation circuits of passive safety systems AP1000 obtained taking into account data on their composition and technical characteristics, the table showed that the required height of natural circulation circuits of passive safety systems should be several hundred meters. Based on the established relative criteria and safety conditions, the need for additional modernization of the АР1000 safety systems to successfully ensure the safety functions of emergency coolant/feedwater supply and core and steam generator cooling is preliminarily determined.
The Work Results of the Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the NAS of Ukraine in 2022
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Havrylenko V. S. , Kutsyna I. V. , Кhvalin D. I.
Published: December 2023

The most important results of the scientific and scientific-organizational activities of the Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (ISP NPP, NAS of Ukraine) in 2022 are presented. It is shown that even under the extremely difficult conditions in which the entire country is due to the invasion of Russian troops into the territory of Ukraine, the employees of the Institute made great efforts to implement planned tasks to ensure nuclear and radiation safety of the destroyed fourth power unit of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, handling of nuclear hazardous materials, as well as increasing the reliability and safety of nuclear power plants operation. The results of these studies were implemented in the fields of production, electric power industry and during the educational process, as well as highlighted in a number of publications and scientific events. Thus, despite the objective difficulties and guided by the development strategy, the ISP NPP plans to preserve the scientific and technical potential under the conditions of power outages, lack of heating and water supply in some places, disruption of the functioning of public transport, telecommunications and data transmission facilities, etc., as well as to become the leading organization of Ukraine for scientific and technical support of activities for the peaceful use of nuclear energy
Radioactivity and Residual Energy Release of Nuclear Fuel During Operation and Storage
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Borysenko V. I. , Goranchuk V. V. , Yurov M. S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: December 2023

General information on the amount of accumulated spent nuclear fuel (SNF) at NPPs in the world is presented. An analysis of the rates of SNF accumulation was carried out, and forecasts of SNF accumulation in the world and in Ukraine for the next decade were made. Information is given on the technologies for SNF handling, as well as some characteristics of SNF storage systems of wet and dry types. Radiation characteristics of SNF — radioactivity and residual energy release of nuclear fuel — largely determine both possible accident scenarios and possible radiation consequences of accidents at nuclear facilities. The article presents the results of modeling in the SCALE program code of changes in radioactivity and residual energy release of VVER-1000 nuclear fuel after period of operation of the fuel assembly in the VVER-1000 core. The model of VVER-1000 fuel assembly with 4.4% enrichment, which is used in the mode of stationary refueling, was chosen for simulation. The simulation results were compared with the data given in the relevant reference books regarding the change in the radiation characteristics of nuclear fuel during its operation in the VVER-1000. The results of comparison of the radiation characteristics of VVER-1000 fuel assemblies with the same burnup, but with different fuel loading schedules in the last year of operation are presented for a four-year fuel campaign. A significant influence on the radiation characteristics (radioactivity and residual energy release) of the fuel assembly load mode has been demonstrated. The simulation results show that the specific radioactivity and, accordingly, the total radioactivity of nuclear fuel in the VVER-1000 cores at the Zaporizhzhia NPP after ~1 year of forced outage decreased by ~100 times. Therefore, the possible radiation consequences in case of damage of nuclear fuel located in the core or unloaded into the spent fuel pools will be much lower than in the case of an accident at an operating reactor. The same applies to comparisons of the consequences of a possible accident at the ZNPP with the consequences of the accident at the Chornobyl NPP in 1986, which occurred at a working reactor with the release of at least ~3–5 % of nuclear fuel.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ТА РОЗРОБКА БІЗНЕС-ПЛАНІВ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВІ
Authors: Михалюк Н.
Published: December 2023

У більшості підприємств відсутні офіційно прийняті плани та механізм планування, а саме: відсутня система норм і стандартів, технології процесу планування виробництва, планування організаційних структур тощо. Бізнес-планування як таке досить часто підмінюється різними рішеннями підприємства щодо тих чи інших напрямів господарської діяльності, які зазвичай розраховуються на короткий термін, що згодом та за відсутності відповідного підходу може стати однією з причин виникнення проблемної ситуації в майбутньому.

Щоб уникнути кризових ситуацій, важливим методологічним та практичним аспектом забезпечення ефективного розвитку в майбутньому є бізнес-планування. Завдяки пропозиціям та рекомендаціям, підкріпленим бізнес-планом, підприємства мінімізують ризик зниження виробництва та, навпаки, мають змогу щороку нарощувати його обсяг і швидкість переробки продукції.

Бізнес-планування – це процес опрацювання та обґрунтування деталей реалізації підприємницької ідеї. Бізнес-план охоплює аналіз ринку, виробничих, організаційних та фінансових аспектів передбачуваної діяльності та визначення найкращих напрямів досягнення передбачуваних цілей. Бізнес-планування дозволяє передбачити низку проблем, які можуть виникнути в процесі реалізації ідеї розвитку підприємства, та знайти ефективні способи їх вирішення. Таким чином, сам процес планування – це знаходження шляху досягнення заданої мети та його конкретизація, включаючи послідовність (алгоритм) дій та виділення ресурсів для цієї мети.

Отже, ефективне планування виробничої та забезпечувальної потреби стає сьогодні важливою умовою конкурентоспроможності підприємств. Тому найефективніше планування полягає в тому, щоб знайти найбільш ефективний (найменш ресурсомісткий) спосіб досягнення мети та конкретизувати його, включаючи послідовність дій та оптимальне розподілення ресурсів.

Швидкі зміни довкілля українських підприємств стимулюють появу нових методів, систем та підходів до управління конкурентоспроможністю. Одним із таких методів є ефективна система бізнес-планування. Такий системний підхід до розвитку, оцінки та підтримки конкурентоспроможності підприємства, заснований на знанні та правильному застосуванні керівниками підприємств принципів та методів бізнес-планування, дасть змогу підприємству успішно розвиватися, збільшувати свою частку та зміцнити свої позиції на ринку.
РОЗВИТОК ТЕРИТОРІЙ ЯК ПРІОРИТЕТНИЙ НАПРЯМ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: Вороніна Ю. , Плотніченко С.
Published: December 2023

Стаття є дослідженням стану розвитку територій. Автори розглядають держaвну регіонaльну політику як один із пріоритетних нaпрямів розвитку територій, метa якої полягaє у створенні відповідних умов для динaмічного, збaлaнсовaного соціaльно-економічного розвитку Укрaїни тa її регіонів, підвищення рівня життя нaселення, зaбезпечення дотримaння гaрaнтовaного держaвою соціaльного зaхисту для кожного її громaдянинa незaлежно від місця проживaння. Отже, ефективний розвиток кожної економічної системи вимaгaє постійного пошуку оптимaльних вaріaнтів поєднaння держaвних і ринкових склaдових тa інтересів. Для забезпечення сталого економічного, соціального та екологічного розвитку різних регіонів країни держава повинна приділяти належну увагу розвитку територій. Нa сучaсному етaпі ринкових відносин проблемa соціaльно-економічного розвитку посідає визнaчaльне місце в зaгaльній стрaтегії розвитку держaви. При цьому центром основних перетворень є сaме регіонaльний рівень нa чолі з місцевими оргaнaми влaди, які фaктично несуть відповідaльність зa економічну ситуaцію в держaві. Сьогодні є низкa проблем у сфері місцевого сaмоврядувaння, які в сумі впливaють нa мaкроекономічне стaновище крaїни.

Проаналізовано основні завдання регіональної політики в забезпеченні збалансованого розвитку всіх регіонів країни. Для досягнення цих цілей державна регіональна політика має передбачати широкий спектр заходів, які сприятимуть розвитку територій, таких як інвестиційна підтримка, розвиток інфраструктури, підвищення кваліфікації робочої сили, підтримка малого та середнього бізнесу, інноваційних технологій тощо.

З’ясовано, що для успішного розвитку територій потрібна не тільки належна увага держави, а й залучення громадськості до процесу прийняття рішень, що стосуються їхнього регіону. Також важливим чинником є регіональна співпраця між різними регіонами країни та міжнародні партнерства.

Обґрунтовано, що в контексті глобалізації та швидкої зміни економічних умов розвиток територій стає важливим елементом забезпечення сталості та конкурентоспроможності.
Reproductive Biology of Striped Snakehead (Channa striata, Bloch, 1793) in Floodplain of Lubuk Lampam, South Sumatra
Authors: Fatah Khoirul , Riani Etty , Pratomo Hurip
Published: December 2023

Striped Snakehead (Channa striata) is one of the fish species inhabiting the flooded floodplain. Currently, the striped snakehead fish population in the Lubuk Lampam floodplain is undergoing a significant decline due to continuous and unregulated fishing activities. To prevent this population decline, there is a need for comprehensive efforts in managing their reproduction. The objective of this study was to investigate the reproductive behavior of striped snakehead fish in the floodplain of Lubuk Lampam, South Sumatra. The research spanned five months, from December 2022 to April 2023, and involved the collection of fish samples from four different floodplain types: river, lebung, lebak kumpei, and rawang. A total of 284 striped snakehead fish were examined, and measurements of length- weight and their reproductive biology were observed. The findings revealed that the sex ratio of striped snakehead fish was skewed toward females, with a ratio of 1:1.7 (females to males). The size at which female striped snakehead fish reach maturity was determined to be 28.5 cm, while male striped snakehead fish matured at 29.30 cm. The peak spawning season for striped snakehead fish occurred in December, coinciding with the rainy season. The spawning grounds for striped snakehead fish were predominantly located in the lebung station in the upper reaches of the Lubuk Lampam Floodplain. Striped Snakehead fish exhibited a partial spawning behavior. Furthermore, these fish demonstrated a relatively high reproductive potential, with fecundity ranging from 5,859 to 30,321 eggs.
The Locating Chromatic Number for Pizza Graphs
Authors: Surbakti Nurul Maulida , Kartika Dinda , Nasution Hamidah , Dewi Sri
Published: December 2023

The location chromatic number for a graph is an extension of the concepts of partition dimension and vertex coloring in a graph. The minimum number of colors required to perform location coloring in graph G is referred to as the location chromatic number of graph G. This research is a literature study that discusses the location chromatic number of the Pizza graph. The approach used to calculate the location-chromatic number of these graphs involves determining upper and lower bounds. The results obtained show that the location chromatic number of the pizza graph is 4 for n = 3 and n for ≥ 4.
Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Fungi Extract Isolated from Peel of Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. ‘Prabumulih’))
Authors: Oktiansyah Rian , Hapida Yustina , Risasti Sinta
Published: December 2023

Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. 'Prabumulih') is a tropical fruit that is very popular for its unique aroma and sweet taste. It is also commonly believed that this fruit has potential applications in traditional medicine. However, the peel is not fully harnessed, despite its rich and intricate composition. This study presented findings regarding the endophytic fungi discovered within the peel of A comosus (L.) Merr. 'Prabumulih' and their performance as antioxidants. The endophytic fungal species were identified based on their morphological characteristics. The antioxidant assessment was carried out using the DPPH method. According to the findings of morphological identification, Trichoderma harzianum, an endophytic fungus, was found to exhibit the highest potential as an antioxidant source. Antioxidant activity showed a very strong category (IC50 = 18.74 µg/mL). Through the isolation of its pure constituents and subsequent in vivo testing, there is the potential for this extract from the endophytic fungus to evolve into an innovative source of antioxidants.
Electronic educational resources for teaching mathematics in primary school
Authors: Fedorenko O.G. , Kot M.O.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the use of electronic educational resources in teaching mathematics in primary school. The literature review examines current trends in developing electronic learning tools and their implementation in the educational process. Different types of electronic resources are considered, and their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. The main trends and achievements in the electronic means of teaching mathematics are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of using electronic educational resources are investigated. Examples of successful implementation of electronic means in teaching mathematics are given.
MODERN KARAY EDEBİYATININ ÖNCÜ SESLERİNDEN ‘SZYMON KOBECKİ’
Authors: KOÇAK Murat
Published: December 2023

Trakay Karaylarından olan Szymon Kobecki, modern Karay edebiyatının özellikle şiir dünyasının eski ve yeni temaları başarılı bir şekilde harmanlayan öncü isimlerinden biridir. Kırım ve çevresinde ‘mecuma’lar ile yoğrulan Karay edebiyatı Trakay ve Haliç-Lutsk bölgesinde inanç temelli temalarla gelişimini sürdürmüştür. Din ve inanç konularının hâkim olduğu Karay edebiyatına XIX. yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren özellikle dergi yayınlarının başlamasıyla günlük yaşamdan konular da dahil olmuş ve tarih bilinci, ana dil, millî benlik gibi temaların yanı sıra aşk, sevgi ve doğa da edebî türlerde işlenen önemli konular hâline gelmiştir. Bahsi geçen bu dönemde Karay edebiyatında sosyal unsurların da yer aldığı millî köklere bağlılık öne çıkarılarak Karay edebiyatı altın çağını yaşamıştır. “Szymon Kobecki”nin yukarıda bahsedilen dönemdeki şiirleri Karay edebiyatında ve kültüründe önemli izler bırakmış ve kendisi günümüzde de saygınlığını korumayı başarmıştır.

Karay edebiyatında klasikleşen isimler arasında yer alan şiir çalışmaları yanında masal, tiyatro gibi birçok alanda da eser veren Kobecki’nin şiirlerinde tarihî arka planda milli köklere olan bağlılığın sözlere yansıdığı görülür. İnanç, kültür ve benlik üçgeninde harmanlanarak kaleme alınan şiirlerinde Kobecki Tanrı sevgisi, tanrının mucizeleri ve bunların maddi âleme yansıyışı, iyi ve doğru insanın nitelikleri, evlat sevgisi, zaman ve doğanın yaşam içerisindeki uyumu gibi konuları işlemiştir. Bu konuların yanında doğduğu toprak olan Trakay’a özlem ayrı bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu vatan hasreti ya bir doğal güzellikle ya da romantik geçişlerle kendini gösterirken beden olarak uzak kaldığı topraklar ruhunda hep yakın olmuştur.

Bu makalede Kobecki’nin şiirleri yukarıda sözü edilen konular çerçevesinde tematik olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kim Bolalır, San Saya, İri Mamanın Teşägi Katnı Yaş Uvlunun, Yanhı İlba, Kışın, Menim Tüşüm, Sonet, Anar, Gertmä, Elçilärim ve Kadril adlı şiirler ‘Kobecki’nin Şiirlerinde Tanrı ve Evlat Sevgisinden İyi İnsan Portresine’, ‘Kobecki’nin Şiirlerinde Zaman ve Doğa’, ‘Kobecki’nin Şiirlerinde ‘Sevgiliye/Eşe’ duyulan Sevgi’ olmak üzere üç tematik başlık altında Karay Türkçesi asılları yanında Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılmış halleri ile sunulmuştur. Seçilen bu on bir şiir ışığında, Kobecki’nin fikir dünyası yorumlanarak tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır.
Application of Waterproofing Construction Technology for Concealed Passages
Authors: Guo Yanyan , Tang Hao , Zeng Ji
Published: December 2023

Leakage issues, as a key concern for the quality of underground works, have been influencing construction decisions in engineering practice. Most projects still count leakage on site after a leakage problem has occurred and use this to develop a plugging plan, and as leakage is usually assessed after the overall closure, this leads to insufficient attention being paid to leakage in the preliminary work. In this paper, we take the pursuit of economic benefits as the core and safety and quality as the bottom line for the waterproofing project of the concealed channel of the Ecological Centre project. Before construction, we combine the geological and hydrological situation of the site, conduct statistical analysis of the possible leakage risks and finally focus the waterproofing project on the prevention and treatment of deformation joints, construction joints and concrete cracks. Design from the aspects of waterproof structure design, raw material selection, construction personnel capacity, on-site construction process, etc., to reduce the risk of leakage of underground passages and ensure the normal use of underground passages.
Optimization Technology of Embedded Channel for Segment of Standard Ring in Straight Tunnel Sections Based on Segment Layout Control
Authors: Li Shijun , Zhang Junbo
Published: December 2023

To quantitively analyze the method and effect of shield-embedded channel optimization, establishing a graphic and parameter system based on standardized layout of shield tunnel sections. A mathematical model of optimizing embedded channels and accurate Calculation Formula for Channel Optimization under Common Point Location Conditions was achieved by quantitatively analyzing the optimizable range of standard segments at points 1, 15, 3 and 13 commonly used in straight tunnel sections based on an actual project and construction experiences. By testing in the Hangzhou-Shaoxing Intercity Railway Project, make use of the mathematical model of optimizing embedded channels ,a theoretical optimization rate of 44% for both two-point groups was calculated, which has practical application value for actual projects. The mathematical model of shield construction points and channel optimization for each segment provides a theoretical basis for the shield-embedded channel production, transportation and installation of channel-optimized segments, and can be a reference for other similar studies.
Determination of the Residual Strain Energy of a Structure and the Method of Progressive Limiting State
Authors: Stupishin L.Yu. , Nikitin K.E.
Published: December 2023

The technique of progressive limiting state of the structure, which is implemented in the form of the displacement method, is considered. The existing formulations of the problems in structural mechanics are based on the principle of the minimum of the total energy of deformation of structures (Lagrange approach), according to which the resulting project corresponds to a predetermined load. But using this approach, it was not possible to obtain information about its residual load-bearing capacity in a deterministic form. To overcome these difficulties, it is proposed to use the criterion of critical levels of deformation energy. The equations of state of the structure at critical energy levels are derived from the variational principle of the minimum of the potential energy of deformation at the critical energy level. The problem is formulated as an eigenvalue problem and the values of the maximum values of the design parameters are found for the stiffness matrix. It becomes possible to calculate the displacements for the critical energy level, and the maximum possible value of the deformation energy of the structure. Subtracting the magnitude of the work of external forces, we obtain the value of the residual potential energy, which determines the residual load-bearing capacity of the structure. When analyzing internal forces in a structure in a critical condition, we determine their greatest values, which cause the limiting state. We call these elements the ‘weak link’ because they will be the first to stop working on an external load. Sequentially removing these elements from the design scheme, we obtain new states of self-tension of the structure until it becomes an unstable system. Thus, we obtain the technique of progressive limiting state of the structure.
Particle Flow Numerical Simulation Analysis on Soil Arch Mechanism of Small Spacing Reinforced Soil
Authors: Hai Dapeng , Zheng Jie , Wang Xiaoqiang , Zheng Zhineng , Wang Dan , Wang Pengcheng
Published: December 2023

Reinforced soil is widely used in the field of civil engineering and there is a significant difference in performance and mechanism between small spacing reinforced soil (Geosynthetics reinforced soil) and mechanically stabilized soil. Based on the particle flow theory, a simplified model of small spacing reinforced soil structure is established, and the soil arch formation mechanism of fillers of reinforced soil and the influence of spacing between reinforcement materials is analyzed. Research results show that under small spacing conditions, due to the constraint effect of reinforcement materials, the soil near the panel forms a soil arch; When the spacing between reinforcement materials is too large, a stable soil arch cannot be formed. Because of the influence of soil arch, the lateral static earth pressure of the soil filler on the panel decreases with the decrease of the spacing between reinforcement materials and zero lateral static earth pressure can be obtained when the soil arch of the small spacing reinforced soil forms.
Study on Scheme Design and Optimization Strategy of Non-End-Bearing Piled Raft Foundation for Super High-Rise Building
Authors: Liu Xiaoping , Zhang Xindong , Ren Baoshuang , Xie Wei
Published: December 2023

Taking a super high-rise building as an example, this paper analyzes the determination principles of pile diameter and pile length, characteristic value of vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single pile, and pile arrangement scheme of non-end-bearing piled raft foundation under the core tube. The quick estimation method of pile number under the core tube, and characteristic value of vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single pile is presented at the stage of pile foundation scheme design. Four pile foundation schemes with different pile diameters and different forms of pile arrangement are analyzed and verified by finite element method, and the results show that the quick estimation method is feasible. At the same time, based on the above analysis and optimized design of pile foundation stiffness to reduce differential settlement of pile foundation, the design optimization strategy of reducing the raft thickness and reinforcement under the core tube is put forward.
Sensitivity Factor Analysis of the Influence of Foundation Pits in Tianjin Urban Area on the Deformation of Existing Structures Using Finite Element Simulation
Authors: Guo Wang
Published: December 2023

Taking a typical foundation pit excavation project in Tianjin urban area as the background, finite element method is used to simulate the construction process of foundation pit excavation. In order to master the deformation response law of existing structures, by changing the stiffness of retaining structure, the axial pre-stress of support, ground overload, soil parameters and other numerical values, the deformation response law of adjacent foundation pit is analyzed, and the sensitive affecting the deformation of existing structures is also studied. The results indicate that changing soil parameters has the most significant deformation response on adjacent existing structures during finite element simulation of excavation construction, which can provide reference for similar engineering simulation cases. Based on a comprehensive comparison of various calculation differences, the sensitivity of finite element simulation to existing structural deformation during excavation of foundation pits is ranked in descending order: changing the soil parameters, changing the ground overload, changing the axial pre-stressof support, and changing the stiffness of retaining structure.
Structural Verification and Reinforcement Calculation of the Cylindrical Shaft in Kokhav Hayarden Power Plant
Authors: Li Hua , Ma Feng , Liu An
Published: December 2023

Special attention deserves the provision of reinforcement to prevent cracking problems associated with the phenomena of shrinkage and temperature associated with the generation of cement hydration heat during concrete setting, which can induce significant deformations and stresses due to the volume change associated with the concrete mass temperature increase. The cylindrical shaft in power plant is a massive underground structure and of great importance to the security during construction. In this paper, the minimum reinforcement as initial design is adopted, then checks are performed for verifying operational and seismic conditions. Using uniform distribution of vertical reinforcement, the initial distribution of the longitudinal reinforcement of the LSS cylindrical shaft was calculated to verify its stability. This paper mainly presents the results of structure calculation based on an update of the geotechnical parameters resulting from the LSS monitoring layout and load combinations, with special attention to the seismic response and its interaction with the surrounding rock and the amplifying effects on the Control Room.
Concrete Protection from Sulfate Aggression by Coating Based on Zeolite-Like Binders
Authors: Kryvenko Pavlo , Rudenko Igor , Konstantynovskyi Oleksandr , Vaičiukynienė Danutė
Published: December 2023

The article is dedicated to concrete protection, exploited in sulfate mediums. Protective surface coating based on based on zeolite-like binder was proposed as a mean to restrict SO42- ions transport in concrete. It was demonstrated that the coating with a 3 mm thickness provides total protection of concrete. The ions transport in concrete depending on cation of sulfate medium lowers in the row (NH4)2 SO4>Na2 SO4>Mg SO4. The simulation of coating work was realized by adding the specified salts in zeolite-like binder. pH value decreasing of water extracts during binder hydration while applicated 2.5 % Mg SO4 is evidence of higher crystallinity of zeolite-like hydroalumino silicates, containing sulfate, with including of Mg2+ ions equal to Ca2+ ions. While the content of (NH4)2 SO4 was rised up to 5.0 %, minor pH was fixed due to declined synthes of other zeolite-like minerals. The absence of effect on structure formation was caused by the stability of pH values in the presence of Na2SO4 (0.5…2.5 %). Thus, the limitation of SO42- ions transport in the coating is due to their binding in zeolite-like minerals with advanced crystallinity in the appearance of Na+, NH4+, and Mg2+ sulfate cations.
Ductility of Polypropylene Reinforced Cement Composites with Carbon Black
Authors: Qasim Ghulam , Shabbir Faisal
Published: December 2023

As the demand for monitoring the structural health of concrete structures continues to rise, one particular area of interest lies in sensors based on cement composites. These sensors are integrated into the structure and serve the purpose of lifelong monitoring. Cement composites inherently possess low ductility, which can be enhanced through the incorporation of polypropylene fiber (PPF). To investigate this enhancement, tensile tests were conducted on dog-bone specimens with varying weight percentages of PPF (0%, 0.4%, and 0.8%). The outcomes of these tests reveal a noteworthy trend: an increase in the percentage of PPF corresponds to an augmentation in the ductility of cement composites containing carbon black (CB). The highest tensile strength was observed when the PPF percentage reached 0.8%, indicating a substantial 46.51% increase in tensile strength compared to the absence of PPF. Furthermore, CB, at a concentration of 7.5% by weight as a cement replacement, was also assessed. Remarkably, this replacement had no significant impact on ductility.
Life Cycle Assessment of Cementitious and Clay Bricks
Authors: Raihan Asif , Abdulsalam Sarah , Al Masaied Mohammad , Mortula Md Maruf
Published: December 2023

Construction is a demanding sector, requiring substantial energy and non-renewable resources. Also, it causes detrimental environmental impact. Amongst all the building materials, traditional fire-burnt clay bricks are used exclusively in many developing countries. Although, significant efforts are put into encouraging the use of alternative bricks (e.g., cementitious bricks, clay bricks enhanced with organic matters, etc.) which are perceived to be viable environmentally and economically but to bring about true recognition of the exact level of effects on natural sphere, environmental offsets are not always quantified but conveyed orally when it comes to using conventional bricks, being largely unaware of the harmful effects it brings during all the stages of manufacture, transportation and installation of the stated product. Past scientific sources covered life cycle assessment of traditional bricks with suitable substitutes along with their comparative analysis. Also, the challenges of obtaining accurate data to conduct the evaluation were focused upon. But most of the previous works did not conduct an expanded examination of clay and other types of bricks by considering many environmental categories. This paper aimed at investigating the life cycle analysis of two 1m*1m walls made with clay and cement bricks respectively using SIMAPRO software. Seven impact classes were considered to carry out the assessment such as climate change, ozone depletion, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, marine eutrophication, human toxicity, and photochemical oxidation. Results showed that utilizing cement bricks in the fabrication of structural members posed lower impact to the environment compared to the wall made with traditional bricks.
Study on Groundwater Environmental Impact Assessment in Datang Binzhou Combined Heat and Power Generation Project Based on MODFLOW
Authors: Wu Guangwei , Dong Yulong , Liu Lei , Yao Yingqiang , Bi Yubai , Guo Jian , Gu Sha
Published: December 2023

In engineering construction and production, groundwater environmental impact assessment and prediction serve the protection of the groundwater environment. Building on the groundwater environmental impact assessment in Datang Binzhou combined heat and power (CHP) project undertaken by Geological Environment Monitoring Station of Shandong Province, this paper predicts the groundwater flow and quality impact in project construction and operation by groundwater numerical simulation. The results show that in case of leakage from the steam engine accident oil pool, the particular pollutant petroleum affects an area of 3 096 m2 with a maximum migration distance of 63 m in 30 years, and the discharge does not exceed the prescribed limit during the simulation period; in case of leakage from the sewage treatment station, the detectable and excessive range of the particular pollutant COD does not exceed the mesh range of the pollution source in 30 years; in case of accidental leakage from the liquid ammonia tank in the site, the particular pollutant liquid ammonia affects an area of 116 874 m2, 84 182 m2 beyond the prescribed limit, in 30 years, with a maximum migration distance of 87 m in the pollution plume center, a distance not exceeding the boundary of the site area.
Simulation and Mechanism of Extreme Precipitation Data in Greater Bay Area
Authors: Luo Zhuoran , Liu Jiahong , Zhang Shanghong , Zhou Xiaojie
Published: December 2023

Recently, the frequent occurrence of urban extreme precipitation has become the focus of academic and social attention. To systematically analyze the impact of urbanization factors on the spatial components of extreme precipitation, this study uses the coupling method of WRF and UCM to conduct numerical simulation analysis of extremely typical extreme precipitation events in the Greater Bay Area. The results showed that the daily precipitation in the Greater Bay Area exceeded 300 mm, which was significantly higher than other surrounding areas. Compared with the NON scheme, the UCM scheme had a higher precipitation simulation result in Greater Bay Area, and it was more than 20mm higher in a few areas. Urbanization factors have enhanced extreme precipitation. The increase of air specific humidity and temperature jointly promoted the formation of convective precipitation above urban and built-up land.
Intersection Signal Light Adaptive Control Model Based on Traffic Flow Prediction at Adjacent Intersections
Authors: Sun Yanming , Lu Xuhao , Gao Minghao
Published: December 2023

In order to improve the timing of the signal lights of the single intersection and adjacent intersections and improve the traffic efficiency, the optimal design of the single intersection cannot fully fit the single intersection to the dynamically changing traffic flow, and in order to make the single intersection control scheme more accurate. To enhance the accuracy and rationality of the single intersection control scheme, a predictive adaptive control strategy based on K-nearest neighbors for short-term traffic flow is employed. Subsequently, the traffic forecast for adjacent intersections is utilized to determine the appropriate signal cycle. Real-time traffic data is collected to automatically adjust the phase sequence, maximum phase time, and green light extension time. Through thorough simulation analysis using VISSIM software, the Qingdao Huangdao district is selected for single intersection validation. The average vehicle delay time and the ratio of selected green light time for each phase are adopted as evaluation indices. This analysis aims to assess the efficiency of the prediction method for single intersection traffic as well as the prediction method for adjacent intersection traffic.
Characteristics of Tunnel Explosion Accident and Its Emergency Disposal Process
Authors: Liu Wei , Yan Mingqiang , Zhang Zejiang
Published: December 2023

In this paper, recent typical tunnel explosive accidents in China, such as Bamianshan tunnel explosion accident, No. 5 Futuyu tunnel explosion accident, Yanhou tunnel explosion accident, Qidaoliang tunnel explosion accident and so on, have been collected and reviewed. Particular attention has been paid to these direct and indirect causes of explosive accidents, accident tunnel structure, accident process and loss, and subsequent emergency disposal measures. Based on details and information about these accidents, characteristic of various types of explosive accidents, including non-large tunnel explosion accident and large tunnel explosion accident in tunnel has been analyzed and their basic reason has been proposed. It shows that the leakage of mashgas and improper loading of explosives during construction, inflammable and explosive chemicals and materials transportation, vehicle crash and tire spontaneous combustion during operation could cause of explosion accidents in tunnel, while the combination among these causes could finally lead to a series of explosions, large-scale burning, a large number of casualties and massive economic losses. And emergency disposal process for these explosive accidents has been also summarized here. All of these aim to provide reference for the prevention of explosive accidents in tunnel and the formulation of emergency disposal plans in future, which could finally improve the operational safety of the highway tunnel.
Research and Application on Comprehensive Evaluation of the Niuxintuo Metamorphic Reservoir, Liaohe Basin
Authors: Tong Tianyua , He Binbin , Sun Jialuan
Published: December 2023

Comprehensive evaluation of reservoirs is of great importance in oilfield development. Based on core samples, logging and well test data, recovery capacity and other geologic data obtained from Niuxintuo Archaean metamorphic reservoirs, Liaohe basin, this paper conducted a comprehensive analysis and research on the logging response characteristics of different lithologies, physical properties and oil-bearing reservoirs; and established the criteria for dividing the effective thickness in the study area. The results show that the dominant lithology of the Niuxintuo metamorphic reservoirs is mainly mixed granite other than migmatite, gneiss and basic intrusive rocks. The lower limit of sonic time difference (AC) of mixed granite is 57µs/ft and an upper limit of 2000 Ω·m and a lower limit of 100 Ω·m for deep lateral resistivity (LLD). The qualitative classification standard for Niuxintuo reservoirs is “low resistivity characteristics under high resistivity background”, with an increase in the porosity and oil containing level better than oil spots. This paper lied a foundation for the efficient development of the buried hill reservoirs in the Liaohe basin.
Analyzing Landslides Through Geotechnical and Geophysical Surveys: A Case Study the Landslide of the Toll Station in the Djebahia Region of Bouira, Algeria
Authors: Meziani Brahim , Gadouri Hamid
Published: December 2023

This paper focuses on assessing natural hazards in northern Algeria, particularly landslides, earthquakes, and floods, which result in substantial material and human losses. The specific objective of this study is to investigate landslides in the Djebahia region, specifically related to the water transfer pipeline from the Acerdoune dam to M’sila town. The research collects and analyzes geophysical and geotechnical data to identify the key factors influencing landslides in this area.The study reveals that the main factors contributing to induced landslides in Djebahia are the steepness of the terrain, water availability, and soil composition, particularly marl and clay. These factors can lead to varying depths of the sliding surface, ranging from 7 to 20 meters. To mitigate the risk of movement in this region, the paper suggests the installation of two series of piles. Additionally, inclinometers have been placed near these piles to monitor depth-related movements. Over a two-year period, the inclinometric results indicate acceptable displacements at various depths.
Study on Leakage Monitoring of Channels Based on the Active Heated Fiber Optical Technology
Authors: Yin Xiang , Kong Yang , Zhou Yanzhang , Wang Zhangchun , Qian Yi , Li Denghua
Published: December 2023

Distributed fiber optic sensing technologies have been widely used in leakage monitoring of channels, but most of them are based on the temperature gradient difference, and have not yet formed a unified judgment standard. The relationship between temperature rise ΔT and heating time t is derived from the heat conduction theory, and the critical eigenvalue f is defined to reflect temperature change of heated fiber optical cable. Indoor test under different simulated environments yields that temperatures of the fiber optic cable rise rapidly at first and then rise slowly with the heating time. The critical eigenvalue f decreases with the increase of moisture contents of simulated environments according to the fitting equation of indoor results. In the prototype test, critical judgment conditions are given by analyzing the relationship of ΔT and f, and the error is within 0.5m when compared with the monitoring data of pore water pressure gauges, which is verified the feasibility and accuracy of the active heated fiber optical technique to monitor the leakage of channels.
Monitoring of a Suction Pile Jacket for Offshore Wind Turbine During Installation
Authors: Li Sen , Guo Wei , Wang Hongyu
Published: December 2023

Full-scale field installation test of an offshore wind power suction pile jacket foundation with pile penetration depth to diameter ratio about 2.0 was carried out, where the structure stress of the suction pile side wall, connection joint stress, pore water pressure and earth pressure distribution were monitored. Measured shaft stress results are affected by the applied pressure difference, and reverse tension and compression stress were identified at the same depth, indicating that the suction pile shaft was under bending. After self-weight penetration the foundation inclination was 5.0°, as a result the measured connection joint stress reached 100∼150 MPa after being leveled at the suction penetration stage. Measured pore pressure results reveal the reason of large foundation inclination at the self-weight penetration stage, and the attenuation law of pressure difference in different soil at the suction penetration stage. Total and effective earth pressure are obtained on both sides of the suction pile, which are also affected by the applied suction. The field test provides valuable monitoring data of suction pile jacket foundation installation, which can be used in further mechanism study.
Assisted Normative Reasoning with Aristotelian Diagrams
Authors: Hanauer Kathrin , Novotná Tereza , Pascucci Matteo
Published: December 2023

We design a framework for assisted normative reasoning based on Aristotelian diagrams and algorithmic graph theory which can be employed to address heterogeneous tasks of deductive reasoning. Here we focus on two problems of normative determination: we show that the algorithms used to address these problems are computationally efficient and their operations are traceable by humans. Finally, we discuss an application of our framework to a scenario regulated by the GDPR.
Judgment Retrieval Made Easier Through Query Analysis
Authors: Wu Tien-Hsuan , Kao Ben , Cheung Michael M.K.
Published: December 2023

The Hong Kong Legal Information Institute (HKLII) provides a repository of legal documents in Hong Kong and such as ordinances and historical court judgments. HKLII provides a search facility through which users retrieve relevant documents. We perform statistical analysis on HKLII access log over a 5-year period categorizing user search queries and discovering interesting user access patterns. Based on this study, we propose enhancing user experience through identifying the search intent of the user. We classify a user query into one of several types and customize the search behavior based on the query type to enhance user experience. Our study provides an example of leveraging log analysis in legal information system design.
Synanthropization of reservoirs and sources of rabies
Authors: Makarov Vladimir , Prozorovskiy Ivan , Petrov Aleksandr
Published: December 2023

The lecture material is devoted to the little-discussed phenomenon of synanthropization of problem animals as a powerful potential vector for the emergence of infectious diseases of natural focal origin due to changes in ecological interactions in the systems “wild animals ↔ domestic animals ↔ humans.” In particular, real facts and mechanisms of integration into anthropourgical conditions of animals real reservoirs and sources of rabies are considered.
ВИРОБНИЦТВА БІОМЕТАНУ НА ЦУКРОВИХ ЗАВОДАХ ЯК НАПРЯМ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ДЕРЖАВИ
Authors: Бондаренко Валерій , Гонтарук Ярослав , Шевчук Ганна
Published: December 2023

Визначено необхідність розвитку виробництва біогазу на цукрових заводах з метою реалізації в подальшому біометану на ринку енергоносіїв. Досліджено обсяги вирощування цукрових буряків та потенційний об’єм виробництва біометану з відходів цукрової галузі. Запропоновано модель виробничого біоенергетичного кластеру на базі цукрового заводу. Констатовано необхідність розвитку переробки відходів сільського господарства та доцільність реалізації біометану. Визначено основні напрями подальшого розвитку виробництва біопалив на базі цукрових заводів шляхом створення біоенергетичних кластерів. Визначено, що формування відповідних біоенергетичних кластерів дасть можливість вирішити значну кількість проблем в АПК, а саме: зменшити собівартість цукру; створити додаткові робочі місця в сільській місцевості; збільшити ВПП держави; підвищити енергетичну незалежність та покращити зовнішньоторговельний баланс України; частково забезпечити промислові підприємства біометаном; сприяти розвитку виробництва біогазових установок, що в свою чергу дасть поштовх для розвитку нових біогазових технологій; забезпечити сільське господарство органічним добривом – дигестатом; зменшити рівень забруднення стічними водами водних ресурсів України; дати поштовх розвитку спиртової галузі на інноваційній основі.