bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 1932 Majorana Equation: A Forgotten but Surprisingly Modern Particle Theory
Authors: Nanni Luca
Published: April 2024

The Standard Model is an up-to-date theory that best summarizes current knowledge in particle physics. Although some problems still remain open, it represents the leading model which all physicists refer to. One of the pillars which underpin the Standard Model is represented by the Lorentz invariance of the equations that form its backbone. These equations made it possible to predict the existence of particles and phenomena that experimental physics had not yet been able to detect. The first hint of formulating a fundamental theory of particles can be found in the 1932 Majorana equation, formulated when electrons and protons were the only known particles. Today we know that parts of the hypotheses set by Majorana were not correct, but his equation hid concepts that are found in the Standard Model. In this study, the Majorana equation is revisited and solved for free particles. The time-like, light-like and space-like solutions, represented by infinite-component wave functions, are discussed.
Urban Sustainability Development in Morocco, a Review
Authors: Bounoua Lahouari , Lachkham Mohamed Amine , Ed-Dahmany Noura , Lagmiri Souad , Bahi Hicham , Messouli Mohammed , Yacoubi Khebiza Mohammed , Nigro Joseph , Thome Kurtis J.
Published: April 2024

During the last decades, Morocco has recorded substantial urbanization and faced challenges related to urban sprawl and encroachment on fertile lands. This paper reviews several studies assessing urban sustainability development in 27 Moroccan urban areas using the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator 11.3.1, i.e., the ratio of Land Consumption Rate (LCR) to Population Growth Rate (PGR). Among the 27 urban areas reviewed, analysis of SDG 11.3.1 data revealed that only 7 exhibited trends towards sustainable urban development, while the remaining 20 showed a divergence from the sustainability objectives. We analyze the studies, conducted between 2020 and 2023, describing in depth the relationship between LCRs and PGRs, and provide a comprehensive summary of the SDG 11.3.1 outcome, discussing along the way methodological variations, and introducing a new concept for the evaluation of urban land consumption. The review reveals disparate regional urban development trends, emphasizing the need for local land tenure rules. Additionally, the study discusses how the SDG 11.3.1 reacts under the influence of several parameters such as land characteristics, climate, and geographic location. While the study acknowledges the limitations of SDG 11.3.1, it found that the indicator provides valuable insights into trends and comparisons, and should offer assistance to stakeholders, urban planners, and decision makers in their pursuit of sustainable development. However, these identified limitations underscore the need for a more comprehensive and multidimensional urban sustainability development indicator, capable of better addressing the complexities of the urban environment.
A Comparative Study of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Macrophages in Modeling Viral Infections
Authors: Zhang Yaxuan , Qiu Hui , Duan Fuyu , An Haoran , Qiao Huimin , Zhang Xingwu , Zhang Jing-Ren , Ding Qiang , Na Jie
Published: April 2024

Macrophages play multiple roles in innate immunity including phagocytosing pathogens, modulating the inflammatory response, presenting antigens, and recruiting other immune cells. Tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) adapt to the local microenvironment and can exhibit different immune responses upon encountering distinct pathogens. In this study, we generated induced macrophages (iMACs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to investigate the interactions between the macrophages and various human pathogens, including the hepatitis C virus (HCV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Streptococcus pneumoniae. iMACs can engulf all three pathogens. A comparison of the RNA-seq data of the iMACs encountering these pathogens revealed that the pathogens activated distinct gene networks related to viral response and inflammation in iMACs. Interestingly, in the presence of both HCV and host cells, iMACs upregulated different sets of genes involved in immune cell migration and chemotaxis. Finally, we constructed an image-based high-content analysis system consisting of iMACs, recombinant GFP-HCV, and hepatic cells to evaluate the effect of a chemical inhibitor on HCV infection. In summary, we developed a human cell-based in vitro model to study the macrophage response to human viral and bacterial infections; the results of the transcriptome analysis indicated that the iMACs were a useful resource for modeling pathogen–macrophage–tissue microenvironment interactions.
Development and Validation of a Plaque Assay to Determine the Titer of a Recombinant Live-Attenuated Viral Vaccine for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Toister Einat , Cherry Lilach , Lupu Edith , Monash Arik , Dor Eyal , Levin Lilach , Girshengorn Meni , Natan Niva , Chapman Shira , Shmaya Shlomo , Epstein Eyal , Adar Yaakov , Zichel Ran , Ophir Yakir , Diamant Eran
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in more than seven million deaths worldwide. To reduce viral spread, the Israel Institute for Biological Research (IIBR) developed and produced a new rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-S vaccine candidate (BriLife®) based on a platform of a genetically engineered vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vector that expresses the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 instead of the VSV-G protein on the virus surface. Quantifying the virus titer to evaluate vaccine potency requires a reliable validated assay that meets all the stringent pharmacopeial requirements of a bioanalytical method. Here, for the first time, we present the development and extensive validation of a quantitative plaque assay using Vero E6 cells for the determination of the concentration of the rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-S viral vector. Three different vaccine preparations with varying titers (DP_low, DP_high, and QC sample) were tested according to a strict validation protocol. The newly developed plaque assay was found to be highly specific, accurate, precise, and robust. The mean deviations from the predetermined titers for the DP_low, DP_high, and QC preparations were 0.01, 0.02, and 0.09 log10, respectively. Moreover, the mean %CV values for intra-assay precision were 18.7%, 12.0%, and 6.0%, respectively. The virus titers did not deviate from the established values between cell passages 5 and 19, and no correlation was found between titer and passage. The validation results presented herein indicate that the newly developed plaque assay can be used to determine the concentration of the BriLife® vaccine, suggesting that the current protocol is a reliable methodology for validating plaque assays for other viral vaccines.
Evaluation of the Energy Equivalent Speed of Car Damage Using a Finite Element Model
Authors: Droździel Paweł , Pasaulis Tomas , Pečeliūnas Robertas , Pukalskas Saugirdas
Published: April 2024

To determine the speed of a vehicle in a collision with body deformation, the kinetic energy input of the vehicle to cause body damage must be estimated. This paper analyzes the methods for estimating the energy equivalent of vehicle damage. A finite element model of a Toyota Yaris developed by the National Crash Analysis Center (NCAC) for use in the LS DYNA R.11.0.0 software environment is used for the simulation. The simulations include tests of the vehicle hitting a non-deformable wall, an object simulating a pole or a tree. The residual deformations obtained are used to determine the energy equivalent speed (EES) values using the “Crash 3—EBS Calculation 12.0” software and a visual comparison with the EES catalog database, where the EES parameter value is recalculated to take into account the difference in the mass of the vehicles.
Deformation and Strength of Unsaturated Loess—Hydraulic Coupling Effects under Loads
Authors: Chai Hao , Li Xi’an , Qin Biao , Wang Weiping , Axel Mani
Published: April 2024

The volumetric change in unsaturated loess during loading causes serious damage to the foundation and structure, accompanied by changes in hydraulic conditions. Therefore, quantifying the change in the load effect of loess under hydraulic coupling is of great significance for revealing the mechanism of hydraulic interaction. This study conducts isotropic compression and undrained shear tests on unsaturated compacted loess, simultaneously introducing the strength parameter η to enhance the Glasgow coupled model (GCM). The objective is to elucidate the hydraulic and mechanical coupling mechanism, where saturation increases under mechanical effects lead to strength degradation. The results show that saturation increases under mechanical effects improve the compressibility of the sample, and saturation has a direct impact on the stress–strain relationship. The increase in water content and confining pressure increases the trend of the critical state stress ratio M decreasing, and the strain softening trend increases. The compression of volume during shear tests increases the saturation, changes the hydraulic characteristics of loess, and affects the deformation and strength of loess. The modified GCM improves the applicability and prediction accuracy of unsaturated loess under the same initial state. The research results are of great significance for revealing the hydraulic and mechanical behavior of loess.
Low Energy Availability and Eating Disorders Risk: A Comparison between Elite Female Adolescent Athletes and Ballet Dancers
Authors: Lye Jamie Ching Ting , Chan Tin Wing , Lim Harry Ban Teck , Png Jing Wen , Taim Bernadette Cherianne
Published: April 2024

This study examined the risk of low energy availability (LEA) and eating disorders among elite adolescent female athletes from a mixed-sport cohort and ballet dancers in Singapore, where the accelerated biological needs of adolescent growth and maturation overlap with the pursuit of sport/ballet excellence and high-stakes academic testing. All of these are competing demands for adequate fuelling and seeking timely treatment, which consequently affect the risk of LEA. Eighty-nine participants (41 athletes, 48 dancers; age 16.00 [3.00] years old) were screened for the risk of LEA and eating disorders using the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q) and Brief Eating Disorder in Athletes Questionnaire (BEDA-Q), respectively. The main effects of athlete/ballet status and age (≤15 years old versus 15.1 years–18 years old) on LEAF-Q and BEDA-Q scores was be determined via Spearman’s correlation coefficient and linear regression analyses. The Mann–Whitney U test and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare the groups for the risk of LEA and ED. We observed that adolescent athletes and ballet dancers had a similar prevalence of being at risk of LEA (61.98% versus 54.17%, respectively, p = 0.529), with the risk of eating disorders absent in most of them. It appeared that the risk of LEA is likely of an unintentional nature in this study as the risk of ED was absent in 90.2% of the adolescent athletes/ballet dancers that were at risk of LEA. The age of the participants was significantly correlated with the risk of LEA, while the number of training hours was negatively correlated with the same factor. Age was also found to be negatively correlated with the number of training hours. The findings suggest that the risk of LEA in Singapore youth athletes and dancers are multifaceted, involving factors such as type of activity, age, and training hours. Targeted and tailored interventions and programmes are thus needed to promote adequate energy availability for optimal physical and psychological growth in sport and dance.
Features of changes in the age structure of newly diagnosed chronic hepatitis C in the Samara region
Authors:   GBOU VO «Samara State Medical University», Samara, Russia, Churbakova O. V. , Akimkin V. G. ,   FGBU «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology» of Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, Russia, Pechkurov D. V. ,   GBOU VO «Samara State Medical University», Samara, Russia
Published: April 2024

The urgency of the problem of chronic hepatitis C (HCV) is determined by the increasing incidence and severe consequences of infection in the form of cirrhosis and liver cancer. In the Russian Federation, the epidemiological situation of viral hepatitis is characterized by a relatively high incidence and mortality associated with hepatitis C, which determines the need to search for contingents for which it is necessary to purposefully carry out preventive and anti-epidemic measures. The aim of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the incidence of chronic hepatitis C in the Samara region in 1997–2021 and to characterize the dynamics of changes in the age composition of patients with chronic hepatitis C. To analyze the incidence of newly diagnosed chronic hepatitis C in the Russian Federation and the Samara Region, data from official statistics of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being, the Office of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being in the Samara Region were used. The study established a significant contribution of HCV to the structure of newly diagnosed chronic hepatitis and high incidence rates both in the Russian Federation and in the Samara region. In the studied region, the presence of changes in the contribution of various age groups to the structure of HCV cases over the years was revealed, expressed in an increase in the proportion of persons under the age of 2 years, 30–39 years and 60 years and older and a decrease in the proportion of adolescents 15–19 years and children 7–10 and 11–14 years. The identified features allow us to outline directions for adjusting preventive and anti-epidemic measures aimed at reducing the burden of HCV in the region.
Features of nutrition of schoolchildren and students
Authors:   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russia, Magomedova U. A. , Apandieva M. M. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russia, Kurbanova P. A. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russia
Published: April 2024

Food hygiene includes various aspects, including the metabolic and energy composition of the diet, microbiological safety, gender and age compliance. The study of the diet in educational institutions shows certain deviations from the norm. Nutritional status disorders are noted among students, manifested in deficiency or excess body weight, vitamin deficiency, decrease or excess intake of micro- and macronutrients. Lack of hot food, preference for fast food, eating disorders, excess calories, abuse of energy drinks can lead to disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, insomnia, endocrine diseases. Microbial contamination of food leads to food infections. The aim is to study the diet of students and students, as well as methods to improve food safety based on data from available scientific literature. An audit of the daily/weekly diet of students and students revealed numerous violations in the diet. Most often, a lack of protein food was detected. The lack of fats and carbohydrates was determined less frequently and to a lesser extent. In some cases, there was a shortage of vitamins and trace elements. There was often an excess of salt and sugar. Girls often had a calorie deficit associated with conscious refusal of food. The improvement of food safety was ensured by conducting training in the form of lectures, seminars and practical exercises.
Adaptation to the conditions of education and training in educational institutions by schoolchildren and students with cerebral palsy (literature review)
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Institution National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia, Shubochkina E. I.
Published: April 2024

An analytical review on the problems of education and training of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy) was carried out. Purpose: to study the peculiarities of education and adaptation of schoolchildren and students with cerebral palsy in educational organizations. The causes of the appearance of cerebral palsy and its prevalence are shown. The effectiveness of medical and social rehabilitation and optimal periods for rehabilitation of various functions were evaluated. The features of families with children with cerebral palsy have been studied. Communication disorders, low motor activity of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy are shown. The needs of specialists for the adaptation of children in educational organizations are assessed: social workers, rehabilitologists, defectologists, psychologists, social educators. The problems of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy in different learning environments are shown. The needs of providing educational organizations for teaching children with cerebral palsy are indicated. The features of professional orientation of adolescents with cerebral palsy and employment opportunities are considered.
Significant and anniversary dates of public health in 2024
Authors:   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russia, Egorysheva I. V. , Sherstneva E. V. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russia, Stochik А. А. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2024

Since the late 1940s, the National Research Institute of Public Health named after N. A. Semashko has been conducting research to identify and study memorable dates of world and domestic medicine. The preservation of this tradition allows us to transfer the experience of past events to the younger generation of specialists, rely on the achievements of scientists, sanitary doctors and epidemiologists, and continue their work to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of our country. The article presents significant dates related to the sanitary business, timed to 2024.
ANALISIS MUTU BISKUIT TEPUNG IKAN PATIN (PANGASIUS SP.) DAN TEPUNG KACANG MERAH (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS) SEBAGAI MP-ASI INSTAN TINGGI PROTEIN UNTUK ANAK (1-2 TAHUN)
Authors: Sanjaya Dandi , Hastuti Widi , Fitria Mona , Rahmat Mamat , Isdiany Nitta , Pusparini Pusparini
Published: April 2024

Riskesdas 2018 shows 4.5% of 1-2 year old children experience poor nutritional status. The reason is the low quality of MP-ASI and inappropriate parenting. Local foods such as catfish and red beans can be made MP-ASI. Catfish is a freshwater fish with high protein (12-17.5%) and low fat (0.9-1.2%) with a production of 437,111 tons. Red beans are a source of vegetable protein (22%) with a production of 67,876 tons. The catfish and red beans were made into flour, then formulated as MP-ASI biscuits. This study aims to determine the organoleptic properties (color, aroma, taste, texture, and overall) and nutritional content (energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates and iron) of MP-ASI biscuits. The design of this research is an experimental study. Product quality analysis includes organoleptic properties, macronutrients, and iron. Organoleptic test using hedonic test on 3 biscuit formulations with a ratio of catfish flour and red bean flour, namely F1 (35%: 65%), F2 (40%: 60%) and F3 (45%: 65%). The results of the organoleptic test by 30 panelists showed that the best formula was F1 with an average score of color (5.7), aroma (5.3), taste (5.1), texture (5.4), and overall (5.5). ). Each serving of MP-ASI biscuits (50 g) contains 173.2 kcal of energy, 30.4 g of carbohydrates, 4.7 g of protein, 3.5 g of fat and 0.07 mg of iron (Fe). The selling price per serving weighing 50 g (5 pieces) is Rp. 4.237. This MP-ASI biscuit can be used as a snack for children (1-2 years), but it has a slightly fishy and slightly unpleasant aroma and a slightly hard texture, so it is hoped that it can be improved in future research.
FORMULASI ES KRIM SARI KEDELAI DAN PISANG AMBON SEBAGAI SELINGAN UNTUK REMAJA ANEMIA
Authors: Nur Fitriani Melia , Gumilar Mulus , Rahmat Mamat , Purnawan Asep Iwan
Published: April 2024

Ice cream soymilk and Ambon banana is one of the developments of food products to improve the quality of ice cream in meeting the adequacy of protein, iron and vitamin C in adolescents. Soymilk which contains the highest protein and iron content is quite high among other types of beans and Ambon banana which has high levels of vitamin.This study aims to determine the effect of the balance of soymilk and Ambon banana on organoleptic properties, protein, iron, vitamin C content, overrun, resistance. This research is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) with the balance of soymilk and Ambon banana extracts 85%: 15%, 65%: 35% and 50%: 50%. Organoleptic testing in the form of preference levels by 30 teenage panelists, protein content analysis using the Kjehldal method, iron content analysis using the spectrophotometric method, and analysis of vitamin C levels using the iodometric titration method. Data analysis using Kruskal Wallis test.The results showed that the balance of soymilk and Ambon banana had a significant effect on color and aroma (p>0.05), and had no significant effect on taste, texture and overall ice cream (p<0.05). The panelists most preferred ice cream was ice cream with a balance of soybean juice and Ambon banana 65%:35%. One serving of ice cream (100 ml) of soybean juice and the best Ambon banana can meet 6.1%, 16.2% and 27.4%, respectively, of the daily adequacy of protein, iron and vitamin C for adolescents. The ice cream overrun does not meet the standard so that further research is needed on ice cream formulations to increase the overrun.
ANALISA KUALITAS DAN FORMULASI KERUPUK TEPUNG IKAN GABUS DAN BAYAM MERAH SEBAGAI SELINGAN TINGGI PROTEIN DAN ZAT BESI PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR ANEMIA
Authors: Nur Aeni Vetty , Rosmana Dadang , Hapsari Agustina Indri , Hastuti Widi , Purnawan Asep Iwan
Published: April 2024

One of the causes of a high prevalence of WUS anemia is inadequate iron and protein intake that is less than needed. To resolve the issue, snack formulation namely crackers with high protein and iron contents snakehead fish flour, and red spinach. This snakehead fish flour has a high protein content. In snakehead fish meal the total protein content is 76.9 g/100 g. Red spinach is a vegetable high in iron content. In red spinach the Fe content is twice as large as in other vegetables, the iron content in red spinach is 7mg/100g. Both of these ingredients are used as functional food ingredients in patients with anemia because they contain high protein and iron. This study aims to determine the formulation and analyze the quality aspects of cracker products which were carried out by organoleptic tests as well as protein and iron content tests. The research design was an experimental study with a completely randomized design to get the right and proper cracker formula with a balanced formula, namely F1 (85%:15%), F2 (80%:20%), F3 (75%:25%), while to determine The level of preference and product quality was carried out through hedonic tests and for protein and iron content was carried out using Titrimetry and ICP-OES methods. Based on the results of the organoleptic test, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the overall organoleptic properties. However, based on the test results, it can be concluded that there is no specific difference between F2 and F3 compared to F1 on the level of color preference. Of the three formulas, F1 (85%:15%) is superior in all aspects. It is recommended that further research on the application of these crackers as an alternative distraction for anemic WUS sufferers is recommended.
THE DESCRIPTION OF RISK FACTOR FOR CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN COPD PATIENTS
Authors: Agustin Nanda Rizky , Rohyadi Yosep , KD Sansri Diah , Tursini Yati
Published: April 2024

This research is motivated by the incidence of COPD in Indonesia as much as 4.8 million in 2011. The incidence of COPD in West Java reached 3,941 people in 2012 while in Bandung around 1,081 people in 2017. COPD is a disease characterized by air flow obstruction in airway that is not completely reversible. These air flow barriers are progressive and are associated with the inflammatory response of the lung to toxic or dangerous particles or gases. The causes, signs of symptoms, complications, and prevention of complications need to be known by COPD patients to prevent the occurrence of severity, one of the factors that influence is the description of COPD patient knowledge. This study aims to determine the knowledge of COPD risk factors in COPD patients. The research method use a study literature review. Researchers examined 3 articles related to the description of COPD knowledge. The study came from Fadhil in 2013, Adelima in 2019, and Maria in 2012. The results showed that the factors often found in influencing knowledge were education and experience factors. In addition, there are still many COPD patients who don’t know very well about these COPD risk factors, this affects the lifestyle and treatment compliance. It’s expected that surgical medical nurses can provide health education to COPD patients about the importance of knowing the risk factors for COPD to prevent severity.

 

Key words: The knowledge description of COPD
GAMBARAN KUALITAS TIDUR IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER 3
Authors: Gultom Dehana Ornela Vonty , Kamsatun Kamsatun , Kusniasih Susi , Iryanti Iryanti
Published: April 2024

The National Sleep Foundation states that 97.3% of third trimester pregnant women always wake up at night and on average about 78% of pregnant women in America experience sleep disorders. Sleep disorders during pregnancy occur during the first trimester as much as 13% to 80% and third trimester as much as 66% to 97% while in Indonesia pregnant women in the third trimester as much as 97% experience sleep disorders. Third trimester pregnant women often experience complaints of sleep / rest due to physiological, psychological and disease changes. Sleep disturbance can cause fatigue in pregnant women which adversely affects the body condition of the mother, the baby in the womb and later labor and diseases that interfere with sleep breaks. Therefore this study aims to determine the sleep quality of third trimester pregnant women. This type of research is a descriptive study with a literature review (SLR) method. Secondary data collection techniques with three journal samples. The results showed an illustration of poor quality trimester III pregnant women, journal 1 (52.8%) 19 pregnant women, journal 2 (36.7%) 9 pregnant women and journal 3 (56.5%) 13 pregnant women. It can be concluded that the sleep quality of trimester III pregnant women is categorized as poor due to physiological, psychological and disease factors namely frequent urination at night, illness, anxiety before delivery, and experiencing changes in blood pressure at risk of complications of pregnancy. Recommendations to health care institutions to make effective promotive and preventive actions. One of the methods is counseling by health workers during ANC examination regarding sleep breaks and pregnancy exercises for pregnant women in the Puskesmas target area. Thus pregnant women get adequate and good quality sleep.
GAMBARAN ANGKA KEJADIAN KARIES PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rahma Diana Nur , Mulyanti Sri , Insanuddin Isa , Supriyanto Irwan
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK

Karies suatu penyakit di dalam  rongga mulut akibat dari interaksi bakteri yang mengubah karbohidrat pada makanan menjadi asam  melalui proses fermentasi dan disebabkan oleh banyak faktor seperti host (gigi), mikroorganisme (bakteri), substrat (karbohidrat), dan waktu. Menurut hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) tahun 2018 bahwa prevalensi karies di Indonesia sangat tinggi yakni 88,8%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini Mengetahui Gambaran angka kejadian karies pada anak sekolah dasar di Indonesia berdasarkan Usia, Mengetahui Gambaran angka kejadian karies pada anak sekolah dasar di Indonesia berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Studi Literatur dengan mencari referensi dan bahan pustaka yang relavan. dengan metode analisis isi (content analysis). Metode analisis deskriptif dilakukan dengan cara mendeskripsikan fakta yang didapat, kemudian di analisis dan tidak hanya di uraikan tetapi memberikan pemahaman dan penjelasan secukupnya. Berdasarkan hasil Studi Literatur rata-rata responden yang mengalami Karies berdasarkan Jenis kelamin pada anak laki-laki (49,5%), perempuan (42,8%). Karies Berdasarkan Usia 6-10 (21,2%). Jadi kesimpulannya berdasarkan beberapa hasil penelitian tentang Gambaran angka kejadian karies pada anak sekolah dasar di Indonesia adalah angka tertinggi yang mengalami karies yaitu pada anak laki-laki (49,4%). Dan pada usia 6-10 tahun (21,2%).

Kata Kunci : Karies Gigi, Anak Sekolah Dasar
Asuhan Kesehatan Gigi Dan Mulut Pada Pasien Tn.Tm (15 Thn) Dengan Kasus Karies Gigi Mencapai Pulpa
Authors: Rahmawati Cinthya , Herijulianti Eliza
Published: April 2024

Karies gigi atau gigi berlubang adalah suatu penyakit pada jaringan keras gigi yang di tandai oleh rusak nya email dan dentin di sebabkan oleh aktivitas metabolism bakteri dalam plak. Akibat dari karies yang tidak dirawat akan menyebabkan lubang gigi menjadi lebih besar dan dalam, dan akhirnya akan menyebabkan gigi mati. Gigi yang sudah mati  akan menghasilkan gas yang berasal dari hasil metabolisme mikriorganisme, dari gas tersebut akan mengakibatkan bau yang tidak sedap. Halitosis merupakan istilah umum yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan nafas tidak sedap yang berasal baik dari rongga mulut maupun diluar rongga mulut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada responden usia 15 tahun  dengan kasus karies mencapai pulpa. Data penelitian disajikan dengan konsep asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang terdiri dari proses pengkajian, diagnosis, perencanaan, implementasi, sampai evaluasi. Asuhan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut yang sudah dilakukan, terdapat 3 kebutuhan dasar manusia pada klien yang tidak terpenuhi yaitu tidak terpenuhinya kesan wajah yang sehat karena adanya halitosis, tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan akan fungsi dan kondisi biologis gigi-geligi yang baik karena memiliki karies mencapai pulpa serta tanggung jawab terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulutnya dikarenakan kurangnya tanggung jawab terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Hasil evaluasi menunjukan bahwa terdapat 2 kebutuhan manusia pada klien sudah terpenuhi kembali dan 1 kebutuhan dasar manusia hanya terpenuhi sebagian.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP PERAWATAN ORTHODONTIK DI SMILEY DENTAL CARE PARIS VAN JAVA
Authors: Febiana Annisa rika , Laela Dewi Sodja , Ningrum Nining , Restuning Sekar
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK Perawatan orthodontik cekat merupakan perawatan yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan keseimbangan antara hubungan oklusal gigi geligi, estetik wajah serta stabilitas hasil perawatan. Ukuran keberhasilan penyelenggaraan pelayanan ditentukan oleh tingkat kepuasan penerima pelayanan, dalam hal ini pasien. Kualitas layanan dan kepuasan pasien menjadi indikator keberhasilan penyelenggaraaan layanan klinik gigi. Tujuan penelitian teridentifikasinya gambaran tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap perawatan orthodontik di Smiley Dental Care. Metode yang digunakan Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pasien yang melakukan perawatan orthodontik di Smiley Dental Care. Pengambilan Sampling menggunakan total sampling, sebanyak 30 responden. Data dikategorikan bentuk skala Likert pengolahan data dan analisa data ditampilkan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian mengenai gambaran kepuasan pasien terhadap perawatan orthodontik di Smiley Dental Care menunjukan tingkat kepuasan terhadap  kecepatan waktu  pelayanan dengan persentase 63,3% ( 19 orang ) yaitu sangat puas. Kepuasan terhadap prosedur pelayanan dengan persentase 66,7% ( 20 orang) yaitu sangat puas. Kepuasan pasien terhadap kenyamanan sarana dan prasarana dengan persentase 56,7% (17 orang ) yaitu sangat puas. Kesimpulan gambaran tingkat kepuasan  pasien terhadap mutu perawatan orthodonti yang diberikan pada Smiley Dental Care termasuk kategori sangat puas.    Kata kunci: Perawatan ortodontik, kepuasan pasien, klinik gigi.
DENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH CARE FOR CLIENT TN. MS (22 YEARS) WITH ANXIETY/FEAR OF TOOTH EXTRACTION
Authors: Djuliawanti Mega , Heriyanto Yonan , K Hetty Anggrawati , Laut Deru Marah
Published: April 2024

Kecemasan merupakan keadaan individu atau kelompok yang mengalami perasaan gelisah (penilaian dan opini) dan aktivitas sistem autonom dalam berespon terhadap ancaman yang tidak jelas dan nonspesifik. Pencabutan gigi yang ideal adalah pencabutan tanpa rasa sakit satu gigi utuh, atau akar gigi, dengan trauma minimal terhadap jaringan pendukung gigi, sehingga bekas pencabutan dapat sembuh dengan sempurna. Tujuan penyusunan laporan ini untuk diketahuinya penatalaksanaan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada klien Tn.Ms (22tahun) dengan kecemasan/ketakutan terhadap tindakan pencabutan.

Karya tulis ini berupa laporan kasus dengan konsep asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang terdiri dari proses pengkajian, diagnosis, perencanaan, implementasi, sampai evaluasi. Laporan ini pun menjelaskan mengenai kecemasan dental dan pencabutan gigi. Pada klien Tn. MS ditemukan 1 gigi harus di lakukan pencabutan karena karies yang tidak dilakukan perawatan/ penambalan. Implementasi yang diberikan yaitu merujuk klien untuk melakukan pencabutan sisa akar. Hasil evaluasi menunjukan bahwa terdapat 1 kebutuhan manusia yang belum terpenuhi dan 2 kebutuhan dasar manusia lainnya hanya terpenuhi sebagian.

Kata Kunci : Asuhan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut, Karies, Pencabutan Gigi, Kebutuhan Dasar Manusia
A PATIENT LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH SERVICE DENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH IN DENTAL KLINIK
Authors: Firdaus Nanda Oriza Aulia , Sirait Tiurmina , Praptiwi Yenni hendriyani , Putri Megananda hiranya
Published: April 2024

Contentment is a state where the desires, hopes and needs of the cosomer can be met. The patient’s satisfaction is one of the main indicator of health car being used asa measure of measuring the success of the health-care arrangement, measuring the satisfaction of the patient can be an essential part of identifying the quality of care that has bin given.

       Discovered a picture the level of satisfacion public service in the medical center

       This type of research is a literature analysis study, in which this study will compare the level of patient satisfaction with services in RSU Puri Raharja, Sudiang health center in Bringin Kanaya Makassar, and Bangkala Health Center Bangkala Jeneponto Regency of South Sulawesi by reviewing the data collected by several researchers.

       After reviewing literature, the assessment of respondent is viewed from several dimensions unifying those who care for health car, being content with the pace of service given, with being content with the avaibility of tools and infrastructure available in health services.

       The majority of patient express satisfaction in their dental and oral car.

Keywords : Services quality, dental work, medical center.
PENGARUH EDUKASI MELALUI BUKU SAKU TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN IBU RUMAH TANGGA MENGENAI DBD
Authors: Jessica Amanda Salsabila  , Iryanti
Published: April 2024

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang perlu mendapat perhatian cukup serius, karena DBD telah menciptakan angka kematian cukup tinggi dan termasuk penyakit kejadian luar biasa (KLB), hingga tahun 2019 Indonesia dan berbagai daerah didalamnya terus mengalami peningkatan angka kejadian DBD penyebab masih banyak dan meningkatnya kasus DBD di Indonesia adalah masih belum tingginya pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai DBD. Mengetahui pengaruh edukasi melalui buku saku terhadap pengetahuan ibu rumah tangga tentang DBD. Quasi eksperimen one group pretest posttest. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 33 ibu rumah tangga. Analisis univariat dengan mean dan bivariat dengan wilcoxon. Didapatkan hasil mean pretest 62.70 posttest 91.27 dengan kenaikan 28.57, Adanya pengaruh buku saku terhadap pengetahuan dengan nilai p 0.000 < 0.05. Adanya pengaruh edukasi melalui buku saku DBD terhadap pengetahuan ibu rumah tangga di RT 03 tentang DBD. Masyarakat bisa menggunakan media buku saku “Kantong Ajaib” sebagai media informasi.
AUDIO VISUAL SEBAGAI MEDIA PENCEGAHAN HIPERTENSI PADA SISWA KELAS X
Authors: Fitrianingsih Marlina  , Rahmat Sudiyat
Published: April 2024

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang dapat menyerang remaja, dimana berdasarkan hasil publikasi dari National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) bahwa 1 dari 10 anak usia 8-17 tahun mengalami prehipertensi dan hipertensi. Hal ini diakibatkan karena perilaku dan gaya hidup yang tidak sehat menjadi faktor timbulnya penyakit hipertensi tersebut. Media audio visual terutama video animasi digunakan sebagai media untuk menambah informasi serta pengetahuan remaja tentang pencegahan hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan media promosi kesehatan audio visual mengenai pencegahan hipertensi pada remaja. Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian mix methods dengan desain penelitian exploratory sequential. Hasil Penelitian didapatkan bahwa video animasi mengenai pencegahan hipertensi menjadi jenis media yang diinginkan oleh remaja untuk membahas materi seputar pencegahan hipertensi. Proses pembuatan prototype media  menggunakan  3 tahapan model pengembangan ADDIE, yaitu Analysis, Desain dan Development. Validitas media audio visual video animasi oleh ahli materi mendapatkan nilai 97,89% dan ahli media mendapatkan nilai 100% sedangkan hasil validitas materi dan media oleh siswa didapatkan nilai 88,08% yang termasuk kedalam ketegori sangat layak. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut tentang efektivitas penggunaan media video animasi.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIDEO ANIMASI PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 PADA REMAJA
Authors: Dita Damayanti Utami  , M. Aris Rizqi
Published: April 2024

Coronavirus adalah kelompok virus jenis baru yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit infeksi saluran pernafasan pada usia remaja. Kasus Covid-19 berdasarkan usia di Kabupaten Bandung Barat hingga Mei 2021 didominasi salah satunya oleh usia remaja. Upaya promotif dan preventif yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan pemberian edukasi melalui media video animasi. Sejalan dengan penelitian terdahulu bahwasannya pemberian informasi video animasi efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa/I. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan mixed method dengan desain exploratory sequential mixed methods, dimulai dengan pengumpulan data kualitatif dilanjutkan dengan pengumpulan data kuantitatif. Metode probability sampling dengan teknik simple random sampling digunakan dalam penentuan ke 52 sampel partisipan. Pada pengumpulan data kualitatif dilakukan eksplorasi kebutuhan media dengan studi fenomenologi dan pembuatan prototype, pada pengumpulan data kuantitatif dilakukan uji kelayakan media kepada 1 orang ahli media dengan mendapatkan presentase nilai sebesar 100% “Sangat Layak”, 1 orang ahli materi sebesar 86,67% “Layak” dan kepada 52 pengguna menggunakan kuesioner USE dengan nilai rata – rata 3,4 “Baik”. Hasil analisa data menggunakan uji wilcoxon signed test didapatkan Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) bernilai 0,000 lebih kecil dari <0,05. Dapat disimpulkan H0 ditolak H1 diterima artinya terdapat pengaruh media video animasi terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan siswa/I kelas XI di SMAN 1 Ngamprah Kabupaten Bandung Barat mengenai pencegahan Covid-19.
PENGARUH EDUKASI MELALUI BOOKLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PENDERITA HIPERTENSI TENTANG PENCEGAHAN STROKE
Authors: Hana Afifah  , Iryanti
Published: April 2024

Latar belakang: Berdasarkan data dari WHO (World Health Organization), penyakit hipertensi menyerang 22% penduduk dunia. Jawa Barat menduduki urutan ke dua sebagai Provinsi dengan kasus Hipertensi tertinggi di Indonesia, yaitu sebesar 39,6%. Prevalensi penyakit hipertensi di Puskesmas Nanjungmekar meningkat pada Tahun 2019 yaitu sebanyak 23% dan menjadi ranking pertama dari 10 pola penyakit dan angka kesakitan penderita rawat jalan. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh edukasi melalui booklet terhadap pengetahuan penderita hipertensi tentang pencegahan stroke di posbindu RW 05 Desa Sangiang, Kecamatan Rancaekek Kabupaten Bandung. Metode: Quasi eksperimen one group pretest posttest. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 32 penderita hipertensi. Analisis univariat dengan mean dan bivariat dengan paired T-test. Hasil: Didapatkan hasil mean pretest 55.16 posttest 83.66 dengan kenaikan 28.50 Adanya pengaruh booklet terhadap pengetahuan dengan nilai P 0.000 < 0.05. Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh edukasi melalui booklet terhadap pengetahuan penderita hipertensi tentang pencegahan stroke di posbindu RW 05 Desa Sangiang, Kecamatan Rancaekek Kabupaten Bandung. Rekomendasi: Diharapkan media booklet ini dapat menjadi sumber informasi yang bisa dimanfaatkan dan disebarluaskan oleh tenaga kesehatan maupun kader di posbindu dalam mencegah stroke bagi penderita hipertensi.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA MONOPOLI “GEMAS” DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN PESAN UMUM GIZI SEIMBANG PADA SISWA SD KELAS IV
Authors: Lulu Nadhirah Muthi  , Asep Fithri Hilman
Published: April 2024

Indonesia saat ini menghadapi masalah gizi ganda yaitu masalah gizi kurang dan masalah gizi lebih. Pencegahan timbulnya masalah gizi tersebut memerlukan kegiatan sosialisasi pedoman Gizi Seimbang yang bisa dijadikan sebagai panduan makan. Salah satu pendidikan kesehatan yang dapat dilakukan yaitu edukasi melalui media pembelajaran berupa permainan edukasi. Permainan monopoli merupakan media edukatif untuk memberikan informasi. Mengacu dari permasalahan tersebut maka dilakukan penelitian mengenai “Pengembangan Media Monopoli GEMAS dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Pesan Umum Gizi Seimbang pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kelas IV”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan media monopoli “GEMAS” serta melihat perbedaan nilai pengetahuan pesan umum gizi seimbang pada siswa kelas IV Kabupaten Bandung Barat sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan permainan monopoli. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan P Process serta model rancangan One-Group Pretest-Posttest tanpa kelompok control untuk mengukur peningkatan pengetahuan siswa. Subjek penelitian adalah 15 siswa Kelas IV. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa media monopoli “GEMAS” dikatakan “Sangat Layak” dengan nilai keseluruhan 90,5%. Didapatkan juga perbedaan nilai rata-rata pengetahuan sebelum bermain monopoli dengan pengetahuan setelah bermain monopoli dari 50,6 menjadi 75,07. Hasil uji paired-sample t-test didapatkan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,005 atau H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa permainan monopoli “GEMAS” sangat layak digunakan, dan permainan monopoli “GEMAS” dapat meningkatkan nilai pengetahuan pesan umum gizi seimbang pada siswa Kelas IV Kabupaten Bandung Barat.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA PEROKOK TENTANG KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT DI DESA CIBEBER KABUPATEN LEBAK BANTEN
Authors: Revano Hary Isma'roj  , Putri Megananda Hiranya , Praptiwi Yenni Hendriani , Sirait Tiurmina
Published: April 2024

Ada beberapa masalah pada dampak merokok bagi kesehatan gigi dan mulut, dan banyak pula yang mengabaikan hal tersebut. Pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai tembakau dan bahaya merokok sangat minim, terutama pada masyarakat menengah kebawah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan dilakukannya survey pengajuan pertanyaan kuesioner dalam bentuk google form, sehingga diperoleh gambaran tentang pengetahuan dan sikap remaja perokok tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Kabupaten Lebak Banten. Subjek penelitian adalah 30 responden remaja yang diberi kuesioner dalam bentuk google form. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan baik sebanyak (13,3%), kategori cukup baik sebanyak(43,3%), kategori kurang baik sebanyak (43,3%) dan sikap baik sebanyak (6,6%), cukup baik sebanyak (23,3%), kurang baik sebanyak (70%). Dari hasil penelitian  diketahui bahwa tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap  remaja perokok tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Kabupaten Lebak Banten 2021 dalam kategori kurang baik.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT ANAK DI RT 01 DESA PURWASARI
Authors: Ayu Dwigita Agustin  , Herijulianti Eliza , Nurnaningsih Hera , Fatikhah Nurul
Published: April 2024

Kesehatan gigi menjadi hal yang penting, khususnya bagi anak usia sekolah dasar. Pengetahuan orang tua, terutama ibu dalam meningkatkan kesehatan gigi dan mulut memberi pengaruh yang cukup signifikan terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak, karena ibu adalah orang terdekat dengan anak. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu diketahuinya gambaran pengetahuan ibu dalam meningkatkan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak di RT 01 Desa Purwasari. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 126 ibu yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar yaitu 6 sampai 12 tahun. Pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling dan disajikan bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan tentang cara menyikat gigi terdapatat 57,1% memiliki kriteria baik, 32.1% kriteria sedang, dan 10,7 kurang. Pengetahuan tentang waktu menyikat gigi terdapat 69,6% memiliki kriteria baik dan 30.4% kriteria sedang. Dan pengetahuan tentang makanan yang sehat untuk gigi terdapat 69,6% memiliki kriteria baik, 26,8% kriteria sedang, dan 3,6% kriteria kurang. Pengetahuan ibu terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut perlu dipetahankan dan ditingkatkan melalui kegiatan penyulluhan dari puskesmas.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT DI RW 15 PERUM BAROS KENCANA KOTA SUKABUMI
Authors: Sandra Dewi Kartika , Nurjanah Neneng , Marah Laut Deru , Anggrawati Koesoemah Hetty
Published: April 2024

Upaya kesehatan gigi dan mulut dinilai dari beberapa aspek, salah satunya pengetahuan yang dimana pengetahuan ini didapatkan dari proses pendidikan. pengetahuan seseorang akan menentukan perilakunya dalam hal kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu diketahuinya gambaran tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di RW 15 Perum Baros Kencana Kota Sukabumi dan diketahuinya tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut berdasarkan tingkat pendidikannya. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 43 orang. Pengambilan sampel dengan pengisian google form dan dianalisis menggunakan tabulasi silang. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan para remaja tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut termasuk kedalam kategori cukup ( 51,2% ), lalu berdasarkan tingkat pendidikannya pada tingkat SMP termasuk kedalam kategori cukup sebesar 6,9% , SMA termasuk kedalam kategori cukup sebesar 14,2 %, dan perguruan tinggi termasuk kedalam kategori cukup sebesar 30,9 %. Tingkat pengetahuan para remaja tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi pendidikannya maka akan semakin tinggi pula pengatahuan akan kesehatan gigi dan mulutnya.