bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectro-spatial features in distributed human intracranial activity proactively encode peripheral metabolic activity
Authors: Huang Yuhao , Wang Jeffrey B. , Parker Jonathon J. , Shivacharan Rajat , Lal Rayhan A. , Halpern Casey H.
Published: May 2023

Mounting evidence demonstrates that the central nervous system (CNS) orchestrates glucose homeostasis by sensing glucose and modulating peripheral metabolism. Glucose responsive neuronal populations have been identified in the hypothalamus and several corticolimbic regions. However, how these CNS gluco-regulatory regions modulate peripheral glucose levels is not well understood. To better understand this process, we simultaneously measured interstitial glucose concentrations and local field potentials in 3 human subjects from cortical and subcortical regions, including the hypothalamus in one subject. Correlations between high frequency activity (HFA, 70–170 Hz) and peripheral glucose levels are found across multiple brain regions, notably in the hypothalamus, with correlation magnitude modulated by sleep-wake cycles, circadian coupling, and hypothalamic connectivity. Correlations are further present between non-circadian (ultradian) HFA and glucose levels which are higher during awake periods. Spectro-spatial features of neural activity enable decoding of peripheral glucose levels both in the present and up to hours in the future. Our findings demonstrate proactive encoding of homeostatic glucose dynamics by the CNS.
Emission enhancement of erbium in a reverse nanofocusing waveguide
Authors: Güsken Nicholas A. , Fu Ming , Zapf Maximilian , Nielsen Michael P. , Dichtl Paul , Röder Robert , Clark Alex S. , Maier Stefan A. , Ronning Carsten , Oulton Rupert F.
Published: May 2023

Since Purcell’s seminal report 75 years ago, electromagnetic resonators have been used to control light-matter interactions to make brighter radiation sources and unleash unprecedented control over quantum states of light and matter. Indeed, optical resonators such as microcavities and plasmonic antennas offer excellent control but only over a limited spectral range. Strategies to mutually tune and match emission and resonator frequency are often required, which is intricate and precludes the possibility of enhancing multiple transitions simultaneously. In this letter, we report a strong radiative emission rate enhancement of Er3+-ions across the telecommunications C-band in a single plasmonic waveguide based on the Purcell effect. Our gap waveguide uses a reverse nanofocusing approach to efficiently enhance, extract and guide emission from the nanoscale to a photonic waveguide while keeping plasmonic losses at a minimum. Remarkably, the large and broadband Purcell enhancement allows us to resolve Stark-split electric dipole transitions, which are typically only observed under cryogenic conditions. Simultaneous radiative emission enhancement of multiple quantum states is of great interest for photonic quantum networks and on-chip data communications.
Molecular basis of the TRAP complex function in ER protein biogenesis
Authors: Jaskolowski Mateusz , Jomaa Ahmad , Gamerdinger Martin , Shrestha Sandeep , Leibundgut Marc , Deuerling Elke , Ban Nenad
Published: May 2023

The translocon-associated protein (TRAP) complex resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and interacts with the Sec translocon and the ribosome to facilitate biogenesis of secretory and membrane proteins. TRAP plays a key role in the secretion of many hormones, including insulin. Here we reveal the molecular architecture of the mammalian TRAP complex and how it engages the translating ribosome associated with Sec61 translocon on the ER membrane. The TRAP complex is anchored to the ribosome via a long tether and its position is further stabilized by a finger-like loop. This positions a cradle-like lumenal domain of TRAP below the translocon for interactions with translocated nascent chains. Our structure-guided TRAP mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans lead to growth deficits associated with increased ER stress and defects in protein hormone secretion. These findings elucidate the molecular basis of the TRAP complex in the biogenesis and translocation of proteins at the ER.
Running Energy Reserve Index (RERI) as a new model for assessment and prediction of world, elite, sub-elite, and collegiate running performances
Authors: Balasekaran Govindasamy , Loh Mun Keong , Boey Peggy , Ng Yew Cheo
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to utilize the Running Energy Reserve Index (RERI) model and two-trial procedure to predict all-out athletic performances. Twenty-nine trained athletes tested for differences between RERIE and RERIspd (hypothesis 1). Six sprint trained (ST), six middle distance (MD), and six endurance trained (ET) athletes were selected to test for differences in the value of the constant. The prediction of all-out run performances using the RERI model (hypothesis 2) and two treadmill trials procedure (hypothesis 3) were tested on eighteen trained athletes. Lastly, three trained athletes were utilized to predict all-out running performances utilizing two track trials equation (hypothesis 3). RERIE and RERIspd were significantly different between ST, MD, and ET athletes. The RERIE model with a fixed cE value of 0.0185 s−1 predicted all-out running performances to within an average of 2.39 ± 2.04% (R2 = 0.99, nT = 252) for all athletes, with treadmill trials to within an average of 2.26 ± 1.89% (R2 = 0.99, nT = 203) and track trials to within an average of 2.95 ± 2.51% (R2 = 0.99, nT = 49). The two trials equations predicted all-out track performances to within errors of 2.43%. The RERI model may be accurate in determining running performances of 200 m and 5000 m, and treadmill performances ranging between 5 and 1340 s with a high level of accuracy. In addition, the two-trial procedure can be used to determine short and middle distance running performances of athletes and world-class runners.
Correlation of index finger length to vertical dimensions of occlusion for edentulous patients and their satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Khan Shujah Adil , Raza Kazmi Syed Murtaza , Ahmed Shahbaz , Hani Ume , Choudhry Ziaullah , Sukkurwala Adnan
Published: May 2023

The prevalence of edentulism is pandemic and people resort to complete dentures for the restoration of missing teeth and esthetics. However, the determination of the correct occlusal vertical dimensions (OVD) constitutes to play an important role in overall patient satisfaction. The objective of this study was to apply anthropometric methods to correlate the length of index finger (2D) to measure the OVD from base of the nose to the base of the chin (Sn–Me) and to assess satisfaction by comparing both the methods. A total of 80 edentulous patients were randomized and controlled for this trial into experimental and control groups. A correlation was found between Sn–Me and finger measurements, dentures’ satisfaction was assessed after a 1-week follow-up and marked according to the Visual Analog Scale. Our findings established that finger measurements are greater among males, and in both genders, positive, and statistically significant correlations exist between the facial and finger length measurements. Moreover, 97.0% patients from experimental group were satisfied with the use of complete dentures through the new anthropometric method. Hence measuring the length of index finger can be an adjunct method for the restoration of OVD and is a relatively time-effective and simple method with a satisfactory follow-up.

Trial registration: ID: NCT05153213 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05153213).
Peripheral targets attenuate miniature eye movements during fixation
Authors: Watamaniuk Scott N. J. , Badler Jeremy B. , Heinen Stephen J.
Published: May 2023

Fixating a small dot is a universal technique for stabilizing gaze in vision and eye movement research, and for clinical imaging of normal and diseased retinae. During fixation, microsaccades and drifts occur that presumably benefit vision, yet microsaccades compromise image stability and usurp task attention. Previous work suggested that microsaccades and smooth pursuit catch-up saccades are controlled by similar mechanisms. This, and other previous work showing fewer catch-up saccades during smooth pursuit of peripheral targets suggested that a peripheral target might similarly mitigate microsaccades. Here, human observers fixated one of three stimuli: a small central dot, the center of a peripheral, circular array of small dots, or a central/peripheral stimulus created by combining the two. The microsaccade rate was significantly lower with the peripheral array than with the dot. However, inserting the dot into the array increased the microsaccade rate to single-dot levels. Drift speed also decreased with the peripheral array, both with and without the central dot. Eye position variability was higher with the array than with the composite stimulus. The results suggest that analogous to the foveal pursuit, foveating a stationary target engages the saccadic system likely compromising retinal-image stability. In contrast, fixating a peripheral stimulus improves stability, thereby affording better retinal imaging and releasing attention for experimental tasks.
Energy transfer across magnetopause under dawn–dusk IMFs
Authors: Zhang H. X. , Lu J. Y. , Wang M.
Published: May 2023

A parametric study on the energy transfer of the solar wind across the magnetopause entering the magnetosphere is conducted using a global magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulation. The characteristics of the mechanical and electromagnetic energy distribution under the dawn–dusk interplanetary magnetic fields (IMFs) are investigated by analyzing magnetic reconnection and viscous effect, and compared with the radial and north–south IMFs. It is shown that (1) the interactions at the magnetopause and the transfer of energy across this boundary move in relation to the IMF orientation. (2) For the duskward IMF, the mechanical energy flow clearly enters the equatorial and low-latitude regions on the dayside, and the electromagnetic energy flow has a small inflow on the equatorial and low latitudes of the dayside. A significant energy inflow appears on the dawn side in the northern hemisphere and the dusk side in the southern hemisphere near the polar cusp. (3) The energy distribution characteristics across the magnetopause under dawn–dusk IMFs are mirror symmetric about the $$Y=0$$

Y
=
0

plane. (4) For a magnetic field of 5 nT, the electromagnetic energy input under the dawn–dusk IMFs is twice as large as the mechanical energy and the electromagnetic energy under the radial IMF, which is five times as large as the electromagnetic energy during the pure northward IMF, but only half as large as the electromagnetic energy under the pure southward IMF. The mechanical energy input under dawn–dusk IMFs has the same magnitude as that under radial and north–south IMFs. The magnitude of the energy transfer rate for the dawn IMF and dusk IMF (about 3.5%) is between 1.71% for the northward IMF and 4.95% for the southward IMF, but higher than 2.22% for the radial IMF. The Akasofu-type energy-coupling formula, $$\varepsilon$$
ε
, underestimates the energy input from the solar wind under $$B_{y}$$

B
y

dominated IMF.
Biosynthesis, characterization and anthelmintic activity of silver nanoparticles of Clerodendrum infortunatum isolate
Authors: Majumdar Rima , Kar Pradip Kumar
Published: May 2023

Over the past few decades, the green synthesis of nanoparticles has gained importance for their therapeutic efficacy and eco-friendly nature. Integrating green chemistry principles into multidisciplinary nanoscience research has paved the way for developing environmentally benign and sustainable methods for synthesizing gold and silver nanoparticles. In the present study, the flowers obtained from Clerodendrum infortunatum (L.), belonging to the family Verbenaceae, have been used for biosynthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to evaluate the anthelmintic potential. UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM analyses were performed to ascertain the formation of AgNPs. Clerodendrum-derived AgNP (CLE-AgNP) has significantly affected the normal physiological functions of the poultry parasite Raillietina spp., a menace to the livestock industry. Our study manifests that CLE-AgNPs cause considerable distortion of the surface tegument of this cestode parasite leading to changes in the host-parasite interface. The histochemical localization studies of the tegument-associated enzymes viz. AcPase, AlkPase, ATPase and 5’-Nu, exposed to the drug, showed a substantial activity decline, thus establishing the anthelmintic potential of the CLE-AgNPs.
Study on seismic vulnerability analysis of the interaction system between saturated soft soil and subway station structures
Authors: Cheng Xuelei , Li Qiqi , Hai Ran , He Xianfeng
Published: May 2023

The seismic vulnerability of interaction system of saturated soft soil and subway station structures was explored in this paper. The coupled nonlinear numerical models of interaction system were established using the u–p formulation of Biot′s theory to describe the saturated two-phase media. A refined finite element model of interaction system was developed to study its nonlinear seismic responses and seismic hazard mechanism. In this study, the multi-yield elastoplastic constitutive model was adopted for the soil, while a fiber section elastoplastic constitutive model was used for the structure. The seismic response of the structure was calculated by inputting the artificial seismic wave obtained from the power spectrum-triangular series method. The maximum inter-story drift angle was taken as a structural performance parameter for the subway station structure. The structural demand cloud was obtained under random ground motion sequences. Based on the probabilistic seismic demand model analysis method, the seismic vulnerability curve of the subway station structure was plotted, and the seismic vulnerability curve was analyzed as per the vulnerability of performance parameters. With the increase of soil strength, the vulnerability index of subway station structure under different peak acceleration ground motion decreased correspondingly. Based on the above vulnerability theory and analysis methods, it can be found from the above vulnerability theory and analysis methods that the subway station structure with established buried depth in saturated soft soil site exhibits a certain degree of safety and reliability, and can meet the seismic fortification goal of "no damage in small earthquakes, repairable in medium earthquakes and no collapse in large earthquakes". The results of vulnerability analysis are in line with the actual seismic survey, and the vulnerability analysis method proposed in this paper can be applied to the vulnerability analysis of underground structures on saturated soft soil foundation.
Designing highly potent compounds using a chemical language model
Authors: Chen Hengwei , Bajorath Jürgen
Published: May 2023

Compound potency prediction is a major task in medicinal chemistry and drug design. Inspired by the concept of activity cliffs (which encode large differences in potency between similar active compounds), we have devised a new methodology for predicting potent compounds from weakly potent input molecules. Therefore, a chemical language model was implemented consisting of a conditional transformer architecture for compound design guided by observed potency differences. The model was evaluated using a newly generated compound test system enabling a rigorous assessment of its performance. It was shown to predict known potent compounds from different activity classes not encountered during training. Moreover, the model was capable of creating highly potent compounds that were structurally distinct from input molecules. It also produced many novel candidate compounds not included in test sets. Taken together, the findings confirmed the ability of the new methodology to generate structurally diverse highly potent compounds.
Comparison of high-dose IVIG and rituximab versus rituximab as a preemptive therapy for de novo donor-specific antibodies in kidney transplant patients
Authors: Kim Hyung Woo , Lee Juhan , Heo Seok-Jae , Kim Beom Seok , Huh Kyu Ha , Yang Jaeseok
Published: May 2023

De novo donor-specific antibody (dnDSA) is associated with a higher risk of kidney graft failure. However, it is unknown whether preemptive treatment of subclinical dnDSA is beneficial. Here, we assessed the efficacy of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and rituximab combination therapy for subclinical dnDSA. An open-label randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at two Korean institutions. Adult (aged ≥ 19 years) kidney transplant patients with subclinical class II dnDSA (mean fluorescence intensity ≥ 1000) were enrolled. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive rituximab or rituximab with IVIG at a 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was the change in dnDSA titer at 3 and 12 months after treatment. A total of 46 patients (24 for rituximab and 22 for rituximab with IVIG) were included in the analysis. The mean baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate was 66.7 ± 16.3 mL/min/1.73 m2. The titer decline of immune-dominant dnDSA at 12 months in both the preemptive groups was significant. However, there was no difference between the two groups at 12 months. Either kidney allograft function or proteinuria did not differ between the two groups. No antibody-mediated rejection occurred in either group. Preemptive treatment with high-dose IVIG combined with rituximab did not show a better dnDSA reduction compared with rituximab alone.

Trial registration: IVIG/Rituximab versus Rituximab in Kidney Transplant With de Novo Donor-specific Antibodies (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04033276, first trial registration (26/07/2019).
H2O2 selectively damages the binuclear iron-sulfur cluster N1b of respiratory complex I
Authors: Strotmann Lisa , Harter Caroline , Gerasimova Tatjana , Ritter Kevin , Jessen Henning J. , Wohlwend Daniel , Friedrich Thorsten
Published: May 2023

NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, respiratory complex I, plays a major role in cellular energy metabolism by coupling electron transfer with proton translocation. Electron transfer is catalyzed by a flavin mononucleotide and a series of iron-sulfur (Fe/S) clusters. As a by-product of the reaction, the reduced flavin generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). It was suggested that the ROS generated by the respiratory chain in general could damage the Fe/S clusters of the complex. Here, we show that the binuclear Fe/S cluster N1b is specifically damaged by H2O2, however, only at high concentrations. But under the same conditions, the activity of the complex is hardly affected, since N1b can be easily bypassed during electron transfer.
Maturity-associated variation in the body size, physical fitness, technical efficiency, and network-based centrality measures in young soccer players
Authors: Borges Paulo Henrique , da Costa Julio Cesar , Ramos-Silva Luiz Fernando , Menegassi Vanessa Menezes , Praça Gibson Moreira , Moura Felipe Arruda , Ronque Enio Ricardo Vaz
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to observe the relationships between the maturity status on the network-based centrality measures of young athletes in small-sided soccer games (SSG). The study included 81 male players (14.4 ± 1.1 years). Measurements included height, sitting height, body mass, and bone age (TW3 method). The applied protocols were the following: Countermovement Jump (CMJ), Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRT1), Repeated Sprints Ability (RSA), observational analysis of techniques, and interactions performed by players in SSG. The relationship between the set of evaluated variables within each maturity status was obtained from the correlational analysis of networks (P < 0.05). The maturity status explained a significant portion of the variance in body mass (η2 = 0.37), height (η2 = 0.30), sitting height (η2 = 0.30), and performance on the YYIRT1 (η2 = 0.08), CMJ (η2 = 0.14), and RSA (η2 = 0.13). No effect of maturity status on network-based centrality measures of young athletes was identified (P > 0.05). For the late maturity group, there was a correlation between the degree of centrality and physical growth indicators (rmean = 0.88). For players with maturation “on time”, physical growth indicators relate to the degree of prestige (rmean = 0.36). It is concluded that body size and bone age impact how late and on-time maturity groups interact within the match.
Efficacy of a newly developed guidewire for selective biliary access
Authors: Park Do Hyun , Han Joung-Ho , Lee Tae Hoon , Yang Jae Kook , Lee Ji Sung , Lee Yong Hun , Takenaka Mamoru , Park Sang-Heum
Published: May 2023

A clinical efficacy study of 0.025-inch guidewires (GWs) according to mechanical property analysis has not been reported yet. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a newly developed 0.025-inch GW for biliary access according to the basic mechanical property. Commercially available 0.025-inch GWs were in vitro tested based on parameters of mechanical property. Patients with naïve papilla requiring diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP were randomly assigned to an experimental 0.025-inch newly developed GW or a control 0.025-inch GW group. Technical success rate of wire-guided cannulation (WGC), difficult biliary cannulation (DBC), and adverse event rates were measured in this multicenter randomized trial. The technical success rate of primary WGC was 79.1% (151 of 191) in the experimental group and 70.8% (131 of 185) in the control group (95% two-sided confidence interval: 8.25%; p < 0.001; for a noninferiority margin of 15%). The technical success rate including cross-over to each other was also non-inferior. However, the chi-square test showed a statistical difference (81.7% vs. 68.1%; p = 0.002). Median biliary cannulation time was shorter in the experimental group (53 s vs. 77 s; p = 0.047). The rate of DBC was more frequent in the control group (34.6% vs. 50.3% p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that control group was one of contributing factors for DBC. Overall rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis was not different (4.7% vs. 8.6%; p = 0.125). WGC using a newly developed GW with superior physical performance GW in a bench test showed similar clinical efficacy and the rate of DBC was significantly lower in experimental GW.
Mechanistic study of the effect of potassium ferrate and straw fiber on the enhancement of strength in cement-based solidified municipal sludge
Authors: Yang Qiyong , Xu Weixin , Yang Yahong , Liu Xinxia , Su Qizheng , Zhang Yangfan , Wang Ji , Luo Xiang , Zhou Mengjing , Luo Weiping , Ge Haoran
Published: May 2023

The high content of organic matter in sludge is the primary reason for the poor solidifying effect and excessive dosage of the cement base. In this study, potassium ferrate and straw fiber are utilized to synergistically enhance the solidifying effect of the cement and elaborate the strength mechanisms. Among them, potassium ferrate was selected to oxidize and crack the structure of organic matter in sludge and consume part of organic matter; straw fiber was used as an adsorption material to absorb some of the organic material and reduce its interference with the cement hydration reaction; the skeleton function of straw fiber in solidified sludge was used to improve the final solidified sludge strength. It is shown that the presence of these two additives significantly improved the cement solidification strength and reduced the moisture content of the solidified body. Moreover, the moisture content and strength followed an obvious linear relationship (adjusted R2 = 0.92), with the strength increasing as the moisture content decreased. After pretreatment with potassium ferrate, the free water content in the dewatered sludge increased by 4.5%, which was conducive to the adequate hydration reaction with cement. The analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) revealed potassium ferrate synergizes with straw fibers to promote the production of hemihydrate gypsum and gismondine. However, hemihydrate gypsum, calcium carbonate, and gismondine resulted in structural swelling, which was confirmed by the microscopic morphology and pore structure analysis. However, the adverse effects due to swelling were offset by the increase in strength brought by the above crystalline substances.
A sense-antisense RNA interaction promotes breast cancer metastasis via regulation of NQO1 expression
Authors: Culbertson Bruce , Garcia Kristle , Markett Daniel , Asgharian Hosseinali , Chen Li , Fish Lisa , Navickas Albertas , Yu Johnny , Woo Brian , Nanda Arjun Scott , Choi Benedict , Zhou Shaopu , Rabinowitz Joshua , Goodarzi Hani
Published: May 2023

Antisense RNAs are ubiquitous in human cells, yet their role is largely unexplored. Here we profiled antisense RNAs in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line and its highly lung metastatic derivative. We identified one antisense RNA that drives cancer progression by upregulating the redox enzyme NADPH quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), and named it NQO1-AS. Knockdown of either NQO1 or NQO1-AS reduced lung colonization in a mouse model, and investigation into the role of NQO1 indicated that it is broadly protective against oxidative damage and ferroptosis. Breast cancer cells in the lung are dependent on this pathway, and this dependence can be exploited therapeutically by inducing ferroptosis while inhibiting NQO1. Together, our findings establish a role for NQO1-AS in the progression of breast cancer by regulating its sense mRNA post-transcriptionally. Because breast cancer predominantly affects females, the disease models used in this study are of female origin and the results are primarily applicable to females.
Photochemical reactions of a diamidocarbene: cyclopropanation of bromonaphthalene, addition to pyridine, and activation of sp3 C–H bonds
Authors: Perera Tharushi A. , Taylor William V. , Gildner M. Brenton , Reinheimer Eric W. , Ito Sho , Nelson Anna , Yost Shane R. , Hudnall Todd W.
Published: May 2023

Unprecedented photochemical reactions for the diamidocarbene 1 including the double cyclopropanation of 1-bromonaphthalene, the double addition to pyridine, and the activation of sp3 C–H bonds of alkanes are reported.
A tissue-engineered neural interface with photothermal functionality
Authors: Nascimento Adriana Teixeira do , Mendes Alexandre Xavier , Begeng James M. , Duchi Serena , Stoddart Paul R. , Quigley Anita F. , Kapsa Robert M. I. , Ibbotson Michael R. , Silva Saimon M. , Moulton Simon E.
Published: May 2023

Neural interfaces are well-established as a tool to understand the behaviour of the nervous system via recording and stimulation of living neurons, as well as serving as neural prostheses.
Recent progress in metal–organic framework-based sonosensitizers for sonodynamic tumor therapy
Authors: Jiang Qin , Gao Xinran , Zhang Wen , Chen Zhigang
Published: May 2023

Metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoagents have been developed for sonodynamic therapy of tumors, and MOF type and therapeutic effects are discussed.
Chemoproteomics reveals Sofalcone inhibits the inflammatory response of Caco-2 cells by covalently targeting HMGB1
Authors: Yang Tong , Liu Dandan , Li Yulei , Zhang Ying , Zhu Yinhua , Zhang Junzhe , Wang Chen , Zhang Shujie , Wong Yin Kwan , Luo Piao , Guo Qiuyan , Xia Fei , Zhong Tianyu , Tang Huan , Wang Jigang
Published: May 2023

The global target profiling of Sofalcone identified HMGB1 as the key covalent target for the anti-inflammation activity in intestinal epithelial cells.
ZIF-8@CoFe2O4as a highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for the methanol oxidation and oxygen evolution reactions
Authors: Sreekanth T. V. M. , Prasad K. , Yoo J. , Kim J. , Yoo K.
Published: May 2023

Electrooxidation of methanol.
Introducing a sulfone-embedded anhydride to the anhydride-imine reaction for the modular synthesis of N-heterocyclic sulfones bearing vicinal stereocenters
Authors: Beng Timothy K. , Garcia Jorge , Eichwald Jane , Borg Claire
Published: May 2023

A flexible approach to sp3-rich N-heterocyclic sulfones, which hinges on the efficient annulation of an easy-to-prepare sulfone-embedded anhydride with 1,3-azadienes and aryl aldimines, is described.
Stereoselective synthesis of (E)-α,β-unsaturated esters: triethylamine-catalyzed allylic rearrangement of enol phosphates
Authors: Zhang Yulong , Guo Huichuang , Wu Qian , Bi Xiaojing , Shi Enxue , Xiao Junhua
Published: May 2023

α,β-Unsaturated esters are key structural motifs widely distributed in various biologically active molecules, and their Z/E-stereoselective synthesis has always been considered highly attractive in organic synthesis.
In vivo biocompatibility of ZIF-8 for slow release via intranasal administration
Authors: Kumari Sneha , Howlett Thomas S. , Ehrman Ryanne N. , Koirala Shailendra , Trashi Orikeda , Trashi Ikeda , Wijesundara Yalini H. , Gassensmith Jeremiah J.
Published: May 2023

Studying the toxicity of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) in context of intranasal administration will help researchers in building depot platforms for this non-invasive route of delivery.
Tuning and understanding the solvent ratios of localized saturated electrolytes for lithium-metal batteries
Authors: Yi Michael , Su Laisuo , Manthiram Arumugam
Published: May 2023

High FEC or EMC content in LSEs will dominate salt ion coordination as contact-ion pairs and induce the de-coordination of the minor solvent. Therefore, a balance of both solvents is crucial to minimize free solvent formation for optimal performance.
Bioinspired cone structures with helical micro-grooves for fast liquid transport and efficient fog collection
Authors: Guo Yaxin , Luo Yu-Qiong , Liu Lan , Ma Chenxi , Liu Cuiping , Wang Jingsheng , Gao Xinyu , Yao Xi , Ju Jie
Published: May 2023

Inspired by cactus spines, cones with helical micro-grooves were created and shown to move droplets more efficiently than straight micro-grooved cones. The helix structure increases Laplace pressure, which leads to better fog collection.
Achieving outstanding temperature and frequency stability in NaNbO3-modified (Ba0.94Li0.02La0.04)(Mg0.04Ti0.96)O3 pulse energy storage ceramics
Authors: Yan Guiwei , Sun Jun , Yan Juanwen , Fang Bijun , Zhang Shuai , Lu Xiaolong , Zhao Xiangyong , Wang Feifei , Ding Jianning
Published: May 2023

The outstanding pulse energy-storage BLLMT–NN ceramics with conspicuous frequency and temperature stability and anti-fatigue feature were achieved via multiscale modification.
3D light-curing printing to construct versatile octopus-bionic patches
Authors: Li Wen , Hu Xiaole , Liu Hongsheng , Tian Jinhuan , Li Lihua , Luo Binghong , Zhou Changren , Lu Lu
Published: May 2023

DLP 3D printing can not only realize the personalized customization and automatic operation of the octopus bionic patch, but also better the groove structure on the surface of the bionic octopus, which is conducive to enhancing adhesion.
A highly selective and sensitive endoplasmic reticulum-targeted probe reveals HOCl- and cisplatin-induced H2S biogenesis in live cells
Authors: Ye Haishun , Liu Shanshan , Chen Ziyi , Cheng Longhuai , Yi Long
Published: May 2023

A highly selective and sensitive, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted fluorescent probe was successfully developed and applied to reveal HOCl- and cisplatin-induced H2S biogenesis in live cells.
On the factors affecting the response time of synaptic ion-gated transistors
Authors: Karimi Azari Ramin , Lan Tian , Santato Clara
Published: May 2023

Response time and plasticity of P3HT-IGTs can be controlled by engineering input stimuli. IGTs can be employed as neuromorphic devices integrating memory (LTP) and processing functions (STP) in the same device, as a function of biasing conditions.
[W10O32]4−-based POMOFs with different nuclear cobalt clusters for photoreduction of CO2 to produce syngas
Authors: You Si-Qi , Dong Yu-Jiao , Hou Bao-Shan , Dong Man , Tong Jia-Lin , Wang Ling-Xin , Wang Xin-Long , Sun Chun-Yi , Guan Wei , Su Zhong-Min
Published: May 2023

A POMOF with [W10O32]4− and mononuclear cobalt clusters as connecting nodes, which can be used as a photocatalyst to reduce low concentrations of CO2 in flue gas to generate syngas.
Occurrence Dynamics of Citrus Target Spot in Wanzhou District of Chongqing City and Compound Fungicide Screening of Pseudofabraea Citricarpa
Authors: Chen Quan , Zhang Wenjing , Xu Songlin , Li Hui , He Jinhui
Published: May 2023

To explore the occurrence dynamics and infection characteristics of citrus target spot, and screen effective fungicides and provide data support for citrus safe production. Two orchards with different altitudes and different management levels in Shuangshi community and Baiyan Village of Wanzhou District Chongqing city were selected to follow up the occurrence of citrus target spot. At the same time, the inhibition effects of 6 compound fungicides to Pseud of abraea Citricarpa (Citrus Target spot) were determined by the mycelial growth rate inhibition method. The results showed that, in December of 2021 to March of 2022, in the 2 orchards, the average disease spot, number of falling leaf showed a trend of reduce after the first rise, and incidence and disease index were characterized by rising gradually along with the passage of time. From late to the end of January, there were more rainy and foggy days, and the temperature dropped sharply, which aggravated the defoliation. Orchard 1 was with higher altitude 750 m and loose management, and the disease outbreak came more rapidly and severely. While in orchard 2, the lower altitude, higher management level and stronger tree made the disease be later and lighter than orchard 1. Further studies of compound fungicide screening showed that the EC50 against Ps. Citricarpa, from low to high, was 40% Tebuconazole·Prochloraz (0.03295)<13% Thifluzamide·Hexaconazole (0.03634)<30% Difenoconazole·Propiconazole (0.03881)<40% Difenoconazole·Pyraclostrobin (0.30849)<30% Thifluzamide·Tebuconazole (0.90167)<33 % Kasugamycin·Copper Quinoline (2.92935). These fungicides can be used for further research in the field test.
Effects of Wheat Malt-Derived Endo-Β-1, 4-Xylanase Supplementation on The Quality of Wheat Beer
Authors: Xing Wenjiao , Gao Aiying , Jin Yuhong , Liu Junhan , Li Xiu , Fan Jingxiao
Published: May 2023

Endo-β-1, 4-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) is a key enzyme in the degradation of Arabinoxylan (AX). AX and its degradation products are the key substances that affect the viscosity, turbidity, filtration speed, alcohol, foam performance, and health care function of wheat beer. A wheat malt-derived endo-β-1, 4-xylanase was isolated and purified by our group in the previous stage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the wheat malt-derived endo-β-1, 4-xylanase addition on the quality and composition of AX in hopped wort and wheat beer. The results showed that the content and the average degree of polymerization (avDP) of water-soluble arabinoxylan (WEAX) in hopped wort and wheat beer decreased with the increase of the addition level of the wheat malt-derived endo-β-1,4-xylanase. When the addition of wheat malt-derived endo-β-1,4-xylanase was 2.5 times of the activity of endo-β-1,4-xylanase in raw malt, the degradation rate of WEAX in hopped wort was the maximum (33.71%), and the avDP of WEAX was the minimum (29.74) at the addition level of the endo-β-1,4-xylanase was 2 times. The viscosity and turbidity of hopped wort and wheat beer decreased continuously with the increase of the addition level of the endo-β-1,4-xylanase, while the foam stability of wheat beer increased continuously. Wheat malt-derived endo-β-1,4-xylanase could decrease the content of 1320-6200 Da polysaccharide in wheat beer, but increase the content of<1320 Da polysaccharide.
A parallel lagrangian heuristic for the fractional chromatic number of a graph
Authors: Araújo Paulo Henrique Macêdo de , Corrêa Ricardo C. , Campêlo Manoel
Published: May 2023

We propose a new integer programming formulation for the Fractional Chromatic Number Problem. The formulation is based on representatives of stable sets. In addition, we present a Lagrangian heuristic from a Lagrangian relaxation of this formulation to obtain a good feasible solution for the problem. Computational experiments are presented to evaluate and compare the upper and lower bounds provided by our approach.
Infective Costochondritis after Augmentation Mammoplasty: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Min Sally , Choi Jinil , Na Kwon Joong , Hong Ki Yong
Published: May 2023

Silicone breast implant insertion is a commonly performed surgical procedure for breast augmentation or reconstruction. Among various postoperative complications, infection is one of the main causes of patient readmission and may ultimately require explantation. We report a case of infective costochondritis after augmentation mammoplasty, which has rarely been reported and is therefore difficult to diagnose. A 36-year-old female visited the clinic for persistent redness, pain, and purulent discharge around the left anteromedial chest, even after breast implant explantation. Magnetic resonance imaging showed abscess formation encircling the left fourth rib and intracartilaginous and bone marrow signal alteration at the left body of the sternum and left fourth rib. En bloc resection of partial rib and adjacent sternum were done and biopsy results confirmed infective costochondritis. Ten months postoperatively, the patient underwent chest wall reconstruction with an artificial bone graft and acellular dermal matrix. As shown in this case, early and aggressive surgical debridement of the infected costal cartilage and sternum should be performed for infective costochondritis. Furthermore, delayed chest wall reconstruction could significantly contribute to the quality of life.
Physical health conditions and political participation in Europe: the moderating effects of age
Authors: Kirbiš Andrej , Mattila Mikko , Rapeli Lauri
Published: May 2023

Unequal political participation is widely considered a problem of democratic representation. Citizens with fewer resources typically report lower levels of participation. Lack of good health has been identified as one barrier to participation. However, poor health may have heterogeneous impacts on participation, depending on the type of health issue. Moreover, poor health may affect participation patterns differently, depending on age. Previous research has not yet systematically examined these issues. We address these gaps by using European Social Survey data, which includes self-reports of a variety of physical health conditions and engagement in different forms of political participation. The results show that most physical health conditions are related to political participation; however, except for turnout, physical health problems mobilize individuals into action. This effect is strongest among younger individuals, and the health gap in participation evens out in later life. The condition-specific effects are similar across different forms of physical health conditions. Our findings are consistent with the grievance and identity theories of political participation. Younger citizens, in particular, may experience poor health or physical impairment as unjust and are then mobilized into political action. We discuss the implications for the broader understanding of mechanisms behind political behavior and suggest that health problems are often a motivator for political action rather than an obstacle.
Regulating the phase transition temperature of VO2 films via the combination of doping and strain methods
Authors: Cui Jinghe , Jiang Quanwei , Wang Ning , Liang Sen
Published: May 2023

Phase change materials have the potential for reversible modulation of the physical and chemical properties of other materials, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. Among these phase change materials, VO2 is particularly attractive for electronic applications due to its ultrafast reversible phase transition at near room temperature (68 °C). Regulating the phase transition temperature of VO2, however, remains a challenge. In this study, two factors, i.e., film thickness and buffer layer, that can effectively regulate the phase transition temperature of VO2 films were introduced, and the effect of doping on the phase transition temperature was also investigated. The interfacial strain between the VO2 film and substrate was modulated by adjusting the film thickness and doping concentration in the buffer layer. This was to explore the effect of strain on the phase transition temperature of the film. Changes in VO2 lattice parameters were reflected by the shifts of XRD diffraction peaks. Test and measurement results show that the phase transition temperature of VO2 gradually increased as the interfacial strain increased. For instance, the phase transition temperature (Th) of the GeVO/AlGeO-3 sample reached 91.2 °C. Moreover, some samples exhibited increased abrupt parameters, such as phase transition amplitude and thermal hysteresis width. These findings have important implications for the use of VO2 materials in applications, including switches, sensors, and amnesic resistors.
Predicting the extinction peak wavelength of SERS-active dimer based on deep learning
Authors: Liu Yuping , Yu Hanxiang , Wang Yuqing , Wu Junchi , Dong Sicen
Published: May 2023

With the advent of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), dimers consisting of metal nanoparticles, as typical representatives of SERS substrates, have been extensively studied and applied. To achieve the optimal Raman enhancement, the extinction peak wavelength of the SERS-active dimer is matched with the excitation light to generate localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). For this purpose, the time-consuming numerical simulation is necessarily done to obtain the extinction peak wavelength. Therefore, a deep learning-based method for rapidly predicting the extinction peak wavelength of gold nanosphere dimer is proposed and demonstrated in this work. The maximum prediction error is 4.15%, and the average prediction error is 0.9%. The accuracy is sufficient for common SERS applications. Thus, this method offers a rapid and effective approach for designing SERS-active dimers and has the potential for application in other photonic nanostructure designs.
The Permian gas potential of the Taroom Trough, Queensland: new ideas to unlock a multi-TCF play
Authors: Cooper Gareth , Channon Greg , Bekkers Pete , Young Neil
Published: May 2023

The Taroom Trough in Queensland is the main synclinal depression and southern extent of the Bowen Basin. Both the Bowen Basin and the overlying Surat Basin have been the focus of Australia’s coal seam gas (CSG) liquefied natural gas (LNG) export industry since 2014, but with CSG production now in decline and with a greater focus on domestic gas, it is timely to review the potential of new plays in this region. Although exploration and development in the Taroom Trough over the past decade have focussed on shallow Permian and Jurassic CSG resources, the early hydrocarbon potential of the trough was realised through conventional discoveries. Regardless of the reservoir, all conventional hydrocarbons in the trough have been typed to the same prolific Permian coals. These source rocks produce enormous volumes of oil and gas, yet only a small percentage of those volumes have been trapped in known conventional structures. This implies that a significant volume of oil and gas could remain trapped in tight reservoirs, including Fractured Thermally Mature Coals. Elixir Energy Limited plans to commence a drilling program in 2023 in ATP2044 (Grandis Gas Project) to unlock the gas potential of the Taroom Trough. The project will investigate the potential of Permian coals and sandstones at >3700 m depth using new understandings developed from recent studies into the critical role of elastic rock properties and stress anisotropy on coal fracture growth. This paper describes the opportunity that Elixir has identified and details the legacy technical work in the area and new research and ideas which have since evolved.
Carbon capture and storage’s role within Australia’s energy transition: necessary, safe, and reliable
Authors: Raab Matthias , O’Brien Geoffrey
Published: May 2023

Globally, the annual amount of carbon dioxide stored via carbon capture and storage (CCS) must increase to 75–100 times the current CCS levels over the next 20 years. Within Australia, the proposed CCS projects offer the opportunity to reduce the nation’s carbon footprint by 15–20% whilst encouraging new developments and expanded energy outputs. Any potential barriers to the efficient roll-out of these CCS projects, such as delays in regulatory approvals, must be mitigated as a matter of priority. CO2CRC considers that an active engagement process between CCS project proponents, regulators, and government will improve the collective understanding and genuinely facilitate this critical project roll-out phase. New technologies, such as enhanced injection (e.g. MicroBubble, surfactants) and innovative monitoring and modelling capacities, offer the opportunity to make CCS cheaper and dramatically improve storage efficiency, making the technology applicable to a broader geographic and geological footprint, including to those areas onshore with poorer reservoir characteristics. These new injection and monitoring approaches are also genuine enablers for the roll-out of Direct Air Capture plus Storage, as well as for CCS to support hard-to-abate industries – by bringing low-cost and efficient storage to the CO2 sources/capture foci themselves. The industry’s willingness to invest in CCS, a smooth regulatory approvals pipeline and the increased efficiencies derived from a range of new technologies will ensure that CCS’s long-held promise is realised and delivers the much-needed reductions in national and global emissions.
Australia’s Onshore Basin Inventories – foundational knowledge synthesis for better design of precompetitive data acquisition
Authors: Bailey Adam H. E. , Carr Lidena K. , Korsch Russell
Published: May 2023

Geoscience Australia’s Onshore Basin Inventories project provides a whole-of-basin inventory of geology, petroleum systems, exploration status and data coverage of hydrocarbon-prone onshore Australian sedimentary basins. Two existing volumes cover many central and north Australian onshore basins, providing a single point of reference and creating a standardised national basin inventory. In addition to summarising the current state of knowledge within each basin, the onshore basin inventory reports identify critical science questions and key exploration uncertainties that may help inform future work program planning and aid in decision making for both government and industry organisations. Under Geoscience Australia’s Exploring for the Future (EFTF) program, several new onshore basin inventory reports are being delivered. The next releases include the Adavale Basin of southern Queensland and a compilation of Australia’s Mesoproterozoic basins. These reports are supported by value-add products that address identified data gaps and evolve regional understanding of basin evolution and prospectivity, including petroleum systems modelling, seismic reprocessing and regional geochemical studies. The Onshore Basin Inventories project continues to provide scientific and strategic direction for precompetitive data acquisition under the EFTF work program, guiding program planning and shaping post-acquisition analysis programs.