bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Principios generales para una nueva normativa de acceso a la información pública
Authors: Molina Lilian , Santa María Guillermo , Clery Arturo
Published: June 2017

El derecho de la información ha sido descrito por los estudiosos del tema y la doctrina como un modo especial de manifestación del hombre, que es la comunicación, forma natural de relación, individual o social, que el derecho acota para elevarla a la categoría de relaciones jurídicas; por lo que el derecho de la información deriva del derecho que el hombre tiene de manifestarse con los demás y parte de la necesidad natural de interactuar con el grupo al que pertenece. El derecho de la información ha sido considerado como el conjunto de normas jurídicas que tienen por objeto la tutela, reglamentación y delimitación del derecho a obtener y difundir ideas, opiniones y hechos con carácter de noticiables, es decir, con trascendencia pública; es el conjunto de normas jurídicas aplicables al proceso informativo, lo que incluye entre otros elementos al régimen jurídico de los medios de comunicación, al estatuto profesional de los comunicadores, a los derechos de autor de quienes generan información, etc. El derecho de la información representa la rama del Derecho que comprende el conjunto de normas jurídicas reguladoras de la actividad informativa y de la tutela efectiva del derecho a las libertades de información, en la forma en que se reconocen y quedan constitucionalmente establecidas.Abstract The right of information has been described by scholars and doctrine as a special mode of manifestation of man, which is communication, natural form of relationship, individual or social, that the right narrows to raise it to the category of relationship legal; so the right to information derived from the right that man has to manifest itself with others and part of the natural need to interact with the group to which it belongs. The right of information has been considered as the set of legal rules aimed at the protection, regulation and delimitation of the right to obtain and disseminate ideas, opinions and facts with character noticiables, ie, with public significance; is the set of legal rules applicable to the reporting process, including inter alia the legal status of the media, the professional status of journalists, to the copyright of those who generate information, etc.. The right of information represents the branch of law that covers all the legal rules governing the transmission of information and the effective protection of the right to freedom of information, how they are recognized and are constitutionally established.
Enlace de reconectadores a un sistema SCADA mediante una red de comunicaciones
Authors: Ortega Castro Juan , Bustamante Maldonado Marlon
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo detalla la metodología de enlace de una red de comunicaciones al sistema SCADA de la Empresa Eléctrica Azogues C.A. (EEA), partiendo de la necesidad de implementar reconectadores eléctricos a corto y mediano plazo; utilizando reconectadores automáticos OSM por su versatilidad y resistencia en aplicaciones al exterior, protocolos de comunicación IEC 870 DNP3 y Mod Bus para sistemas SCADA y unidades de terminales remotas. Mejorando de esta manera el servicio eléctrico suministrado en la ciudad de Azogues y sus parroquias. Para esto, se realiza el diseño de implementación de la red de comunicaciones que enlace los nuevos reconectadores adquiridos por la empresa; priorizando la infraestructura y recursos que tiene la misma, logrando de esta manera ubicar ocho de estos dispositivos, distribuidos en diferentes zonas de la ciudad utilizando en unos casos la red de fibra óptica y en otros alternativas de solución mediante radio enlaces para aquellos que se encuentran en puntos donde la infraestructura de red no permite su fácil acceso físico, con sus respectivos análisis técnicos y financieros.  AbstractThe following paper details the link methodology from a communications network for the SCADA system at Azogues Power Company (EEA), starting from the need to implement electric reconnectors in the short and medium term; using automatic reconnectors OSM for their versatility and endurance when used outdoors, IEC 870 DNP3 communications protocols and ModBus for SCADA systems and remote terminal units. This way there is an improvement in the quality of the power supply service that is distributed in Azogues and its parishes. For this task, an implementation design of a communications network was done, in order to link the new reconnectors that were acquired by the company; setting a priority of the infrastructure and resources that it already had, achieving the placement of eight of these devices that were distributed in different areas of the city, using optic fiber in some cases and radio links in other situations when the network infrastructure didn’t allow the physical access to the facility; everything backed up with the correspondent technical and financial studies
Metodología de apoyo informático en la ejecución de auditoría gubernamental
Authors: Andrade López Miguel
Published: June 2017

El presente trabajo propone una metodología para la ejecución de los apoyos informáticos que se realizan en las diferentes acciones de control en las entidades del sector público dentro del ámbito de control de la Delegación Provincial del Cañar de la Contraloría General del Estado. Para el desarrollo del trabajo realizado, se consideran los diferentes acuerdos y disposiciones vigentes por la Contraloría General del Estado y las normas de Control Interno emitidas en el año 2009, basadas en Marcos de Referencia Internacionales COBIT 4.1 e ITIL.  A partir de la referencia del manual de Auditoria Gubernamental emitido por la misma Contraloría, y sus tres grandes fases: Planificación, Ejecución e Informe, se propone una metodología de 5 fases, pero a diferencia de los modelos tradicionales de Auditoria, dicha propuesta cuenta con una permanente comunicación de resultados, a fin de disminuir el impacto de los posibles hallazgos de carácter emergente, y proceder con soluciones inmediatas durante el tiempo asignado para la acción de control.  En base de los resultados de las pruebas realizadas de la metodología propuesta, se ha verificado que se han cumplido de manera objetiva la tarea de auditoria, apoyando a la mejora de los servicios públicos soportados en Tecnología de Información y la implementación de nuevas aplicaciones en beneficio de la ciudadanía que utiliza estos servicios. Este modelo tiene la finalidad de ser aplicado en la provincia del Cañar y ser replicado a nivel Nacional en las diferentes Delegaciones Provinciales y Direcciones Regionales de la Contraloría General del Estado. AbstractThis paper proposes a methodologyfor the implementation of computer supports that are made in the various action of control in public sector entities within the scope of control of the Provincial Delegation of Cañar of General Comptroller. For development work, is considered the various agreements and regulations for the Comptroller General and Internal Control Standards issued in 200, based on the Framework of International COBIT 4.1 and ITIL. From the reference manual of Government Auditing issued by the Comptroller, define three phases: Planning, Implementation and Reporting, but the methodology proposed have 5-phase, different of traditional models of Audit, the proposal has ongoing communication of results, in order to lessen the impact of possible findings emerging nature, and proceed with immediate solutions during the time allotted for the control action. Based on the results of the tests of the proposed methodology, it has been verified that have been fulfilled objectively the task of auditing, supporting the improvement of public services supported in Information Technology and implementation of new applications benefit of citizens who use these services. This model aims deer be applied in the province of Cañar and be replicated at the national level in the different delegations considered provincial and Regional Offices of the Comptroller General
La gestión del talento humano en la economía del conocimiento: análisis del caso de Corea del Sur y Ecuador en el período 2001 – 2015
Authors: Sánchez Riofrío Angélica , Arévalo Silva María Cristina
Published: June 2017

La inversión en talento humano brinda importantes ventajas a nivel mundial a empresas y países en la economía del conocimiento. Esta corriente económica obliga a los gobiernos a tomar medidas de inversión que tendrán retornos económicos positivos para el país. Gracias a estas inversiones ciertos países pueden contar con un capitalhumano que otorgue ventajas competitivas substanciales. El presente trabajo busca demostrar la importancia de dicha inversión mediante un análisis descriptivo de diferentes conceptos abordados en la literatura administrativa. Además, se presenta una síntesis del caso de éxito de Corea del Sur y lo que actualmente sucede en Ecuador. De acuerdo a lo revisado, se identifica que la inversión en el talento humano convierte a los países en potencias mundiales y que la creación, distribución y utilización de nuevos conocimientos tiene como fin satisfacer las necesidades de la sociedad. Abstract The investment in human talent offers competitive advantages worldwide to companies and countries in the economy of knowledge. This economic wave forces governments to take measurements of investment that will have positive returns for the country. The present work seeks to demonstrate the importance of the above mentioned investment by a descriptive analysis of different concepts approached in the administrative literature. Furthermore, there is abrief study of the cases of Ecuador and South Korea. The results verify that the investment in the human talent empowers countries worldwide and that the creation, distribution and utilization of new knowledge have as goal to satisfy the needs of the society
Breve síntesis histórica y reflexiones acerca de la continuidad étnica, sentido de etnicidad e identidad cultural en la región de Santa Elena, Ecuador
Authors: López Reyes Erick , Peralta Mendoza Paola
Published: June 2017

Se presenta una breve síntesis de la historia prehispánica y colonial de la región santaelenense, desde la primera llegada de grupos humanos a la zona hasta los primeros días de la República del Ecuador. Dando cuerpo narrativo a una serie de datos dispersos, producto de las investigaciones arqueológicas e histórico documentales, efectuadas en la región desde inicios del siglo pasado hasta la actualidad. En base a ellos se plantea entonces una necesaria y pertinente reflexión respecto a temas como la continuidad étnica, etnicidades, cultura e identidad de los actuales grupos humanos, descendientes de los anteriores, que hoy la habitan, planteando además la importancia que esto posee dentro de los procesos en curso, y aquellos potenciales de acometer, en pro del adelanto y desarrollo socioeconómico local a través del nuevo turismo o turismo de innovación.  Abstract This paper presents a brief summary of the pre-Hispanic and colonial history of the Santa Elena region, from the first arrival of human groups in the area until the early days of the new Republic of Ecuador. By giving narrative body to a series of data dispersed product of archaeological research, and historical documentaries, made in the region since early last century actually. Based on them then arises a necessary and relevant reflection on issues such as ethnic continuity, ethnicities, culture and identity of the current human groups, descendants of the previous, now inhabit, also raising the importance this has in ongoing processes, and those potential to undertake, for the advancement and local socio-economic development through New tourism or innovation tourism.
Aplicación del diagnóstico de salud en el Barrio 25 de Septiembre cantón La Libertad, 2016.
Authors: Domínguez Rodríguez Nancy , Suárez Yagual Elsie , Díaz Amador Yanedsy
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal mejorar la calidad de vida en pacientes que sufren de Diabetes Mellitus e Hipertensión Arterial en el barrio 25 de septiembre del cantón La Libertad en la provincia de Santa Elena. La aplicación del diagnóstico de  salud es una práctica necesaria para el médico y enfermera/o de la familia, cuyo propósito es la identificación y la definición de prioridades en los problemas de salud de una comunidad asignada. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva con búsqueda de la información primaria y secundaria obteniendo la selección metodológica con aportes de los distintos actores de la comunidad realizando el procesamiento, análisis, identificación y difusión a través de  la encuesta elaborada  que permitió realizar un análisis profundo del tema, despertando el interés en sus moradores de conocer su condición de salud y la forma de cómo mejorarla. Por lo que se concluye que el equipo de salud debe identificar oportunamente los problemas y factores de riesgo de cada uno de sus miembros y de la familia en su conjunto ofreciendo una atención integral, promoviendo el autocuidado, brindando apoyo y seguimiento, educando, potenciando prácticas y relaciones saludables. AbstractThe present article has as main objective to improve the quality of life in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in the neighborhood of September 25, canton la liberty in the province of Santa Elena. The application of the diagnosis of health is a necessary practice for the doctor and nurse of the family whose purpose is the identification and definition of priorities in the health problems of an assigned community. A descriptive investigation was carried out with search of the primary and secondary information obtaining the methodological selection with contributions of the different actors of the community carrying out the processing, analysis, identification and diffusion through the elaborated survey that allowed us to carry out a deep analysis of the subject Arousing the interest in their residents to know their health condition and how to improve it. So, it is concluded that the health team must identify in a timely manner the problems and risk factors of each of its members and the family offering comprehensive care, promoting self-care, providing support and follow-up, educating, empowering practices and healthy relationships.
Emprendimiento femenino y desarrollo comunitario del barrio Los Matías cantón Salinas provincia de Santa Elena
Authors: Saavedra González Rosa , León Valle Benjamín , González Santos Milton , Nuñez de la Cruz William , Félix Silva Carla , Reyes Tomalá Brenda
Published: June 2017

Las teorías del emprendimiento que han sido ampliamente recogidas, incluyen una diversidad de definiciones y de criterios para el estudio del fenómeno emprendedor femenino y su impacto en desarrollo comunitario. Por ello, un primer estudio bibliográfico resulta imprescindible para la focalización del presente trabajo. La metodología utilizada se basa en el análisis de los datos obtenidos a partir de una entrevista aplicada a una muestra de mujeres emprendedoras que proporcionaron datos, que fueron procesados y evaluados, lo que permitió deducir que el número de emprendedores en el barrio Los Matías va en aumento y que los emprendimientos que se han creado cuentan con algunas de las características propias de su entorno, mientras que también responden a cualidades que se derivan de la actuación de las mujeres. El emprendimiento femenino es influyente en el desarrollo comunitario, que incorpora y mejora el bienestar social de las personas excluidas del mercado laboral y vulnerable, como las mujeres.

 

Abstract

The theories of entrepreneurship that have been widely included include a diversity of definitions and criteria for the study of female entrepreneurship and its impact on community development. Therefore, a first bibliographic study is essential for the focus of this work. The methodology used is based on the analysis of the data obtained from an interview applied to a sample of female entrepreneurs who provided data, which were processed and evaluated, which allowed to deduce that the number of entrepreneurs in the Los Matías neighborhood goes in Increase and that the enterprises that have created have some of the characteristics of their environment, while also respond to qualities that are derived from the performance of women. Female entrepreneurship is influential in community development, which incorporates and improves the social welfare of people excluded from the labor market and vulnerable, such as women.
Uso de la Administración de Operaciones en las Mipymes
Authors: Solís Granda Luis , Pérez Manzo Orlando , Burgos Villamar Ivonne , Villao Viteri José
Published: June 2017

La operacionalización empleada por las micro-pequeñas y medianas empresas (Mipymes) se ha estudiado bajo diferentes enfoques, aplicando varios modelos estratégicos que involucran diferentes metodologías de administración con el fin de maximizar la productividad y por ende que se mejore el rendimiento de las operaciones, y de esta manera se vean beneficiadas todas las partes de la organización, sin embargo, aún no se ha definido la mejor herramienta para alcanzar este fin. En este sentido, este trabajo de investigación analiza el uso de la administración de operaciones, exponiendo los principales conceptos y herramientas que permitan mejorar el rendimiento de las Mipymes del cantón Milagro, Ecuador. La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo. Los resultados obtenidos con una muestra de 192 empresas y la revisión literaria realizada permitieron identificar que no se maneja adecuadamente las áreas estratégicas de decisión afectando directamente al rendimiento de la empresa. Abstract The operationalization used by SMEs has been studied under different approaches, applying several strategic models that involve different management methodologies in order to maximize production and therefore that the operations are benefited in a general way. However, the best tool to achieve this has not been defined. In this sense, this research analyzes the use of operations management, exposing the main concepts and tools that allow to improve the performance of SMEs in Milagro. The research has a quantitative approach. The results obtained with a sample of 192 companies showed that the strategical area of decision is not handled adequately affecting directly to the performance of the company.
Distribución y abundancia de las Aves Marinas residentes y migratorias en El Estero de la Comuna El Real, Provincia de Santa Elena
Authors: González Banchón Tanya , Álvarez Arce Rina
Published: June 2017

El estero de la Comuna El Real en la Provincia de Santa Elena – Ecuador, es utilizado como un sitio de descanso y alimentación por varias especies de aves marinas. El estudio permitió conocer la distribución y abundancia de las aves marinas residentes y migratorias mediante 35 monitoreos durante los meses de noviembre, diciembre del 2014 y enero del 2015. Se registraron 12 especies de aves con un total de 62020 ind., Fregata magnificens; 816 ind., Himantopus mexicanus; 182 ind., Anas bahamensis; 119 ind., Nictanassa violácea; 66 ind., Egretta thula; 57 ind., Actitis maculariu; 29 ind., Pelecanus occidentalis; 20 ind., Ardea alba; 15 ind., Platalea ajaja; 14 ind., Pelecanus thagus; 6 ind., Jacana jacana; 1 ind., Eudocimus albus. Los Índices de Simpson, Shannon Wiener y Pielou para noviembre 0,0344; 0,11; 0,0458, diciembre 0,04195; 0,132; 0,0573 y enero 0,04711; 0,1444; 0,0581, demostraron que el lugar de estudio es un hábitat poco diverso en cuanto a variedad de especies pero abundante para una sola especie de la familia Fregatidae cuyas agrupaciones fueron georreferenciadas a lo largo de las riberas del estero El Real. AbstractThe estuary of the El Real Commune in the Province of Santa Elena - Ecuador, is used as a resting and feeding site for several species of seabirds. The study allowed to know the distribution and abundance of resident and migratory seabirds through 35 monitoring during the months of November, December, 2014 and January, 2015. There were 12 species of birds with a total of 62020 ind., Fregata magnificens; 816 ind., Himantopus mexicanus; 182 ind., Anas bahamensis; 119 ind., Nictanassa violacea; 66 ind., Egretta thula; 57 ind., Actitis maculariu; 29 ind., Pelecanus occidentalis; 20 ind., Ardea alba; 15 ind., Platalea ajaja; 14 ind., Pelecanus thagus; 6 ind., Jacana jacana; 1 ind., Eudocimus albus. The Simpson, Shannon Wiener and Pielou Indexes for November 0.0344; 0.11; 0.0458, December 0.04195; 0.132; 0.0573 and January 0.04711; 0.1444; 0.0581, showed that the study site is a habitat that is not diverse in variety of species but abundant for a single species of the Fregatidae family whose groupings were georeferenced along the shores of the El Real estuary.Keywords: Sea birds, distribution, abundance, habitat, georeferencing.
Uso de tecnología HSPA (HSPA +) y su evolución con la generación de los celulares
Authors: Orozco Iguasnia Fausto , Andrade Salazar Milton , Orozco Iguasnia Jaime , Villarroel Sánchez Mercedes
Published: June 2017

La necesidad la tecnología HSPA+ or Evolved High Speed Packet Access también es conocido como HSPA evolution, surgió con la creciente utilización de los datos y los usuarios que desean velocidades de descarga mucho más eficiente, en Ecuador CNT para el 2014 se propuso implementar 491 radio bases HSPA+ para alcanzar una cobertura del 84 por ciento de la población ecuatoriana y desde entonces ha alcanzado una excelente cobertura a nivel nacional.   El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis de la tecnología HSPA +, así como también su evolución a partir de la generación de los celulares, en la segunda etapa se hablará de HSPA sus ventajas, arquitectura de red, estructura de protocolos en la cual se verá la capa MAC y la capa RLC, en la tercera etapa HSDPA su arquitectura de red, sus principales mejoras, estructura de protocolos, handover en HSDPA, en la cuarta etapa HSUPA su arquitectura de red, estructura de protocolos, sus principales mejoras, sus canales y handover HSUPA, en la etapa 5 hablaremos la evolución de HSPA +  dentro del release 7.AbstractThe need for HSPA + technology or Evolved High Speed Packet Access is also known as HSPA evolution, emerged with the growing use of data and users wanting download speeds much more efficient, in Ecuador CNT for 2014 set out to implement 491 radio bases HSPA + to reach coverage of 84 percent of the Ecuadorian population and since then reaching an excellent coverage at the national level. The objective of this work is to perform an analysis of the HSPA + technology, as well as its evolution from the generation of the cellular, in the second stage we will talk about HSPA its advantages, network architecture, structure of protocols in which we will see The MAC layer and the RLC layer, in the third stage HSDPA its network architecture, its main improvements, protocol structure, handover in HSDPA, in the fourth stage HSUPA its network architecture, protocol structure, its main improvements, its channels And handover HSUPA, in stage 5 we will discuss the evolution of HSPA + within release 7
Efecto de diferentes concentraciones de creosota líquida en la germinación de genotipos de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Andrade Varela Clotilde , Rodríguez Lady , Mora Antonio
Published: June 2017

En la provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador, la producción anual de tomate riñón representa el 26,3 % del total nacional y, de acuerdo al INEC, en el año 2012 toda la cosecha se destinó a la venta; pero a partir de esa fecha, la superficie de siembra en las zonas productoras ha disminuido debido, principalmente, a factores abióticos como la sequía y la salinidad, que provocan alta incidencia de insectos-plaga y enfermedades. Bajo esta premisa, el presente estudio evaluó la germinación de tres genotipos de tomate bajo el efecto de cinco concentraciones de creosota líquida, en condiciones controladas de laboratorio, con el fin de obtener genotipos con características de tolerancia a las principales plagas que afectan al cultivo. Se consideró el porcentaje de germinación desde el día tres al 20, de acuerdo a la emergencia de cada uno en las diferentes concentraciones. El experimento fue llevado en un DCA en arreglo factorial 5x3, utilizando 100 semillas certificadas por tratamiento. Los resultados del ANDEVA revelaron diferencias estadísticas significativas en germinación al 1% de probabilidades para la interacción Genotipos por Concentraciones, destacándose G3 por germinar un 5% en la concentración más alta al día 20 de la evaluación.Abstract In the province of Santa Elena, Ecuador, the annual production of kidney tomato represents 26.3% of the national total and, according to INEC, in 2012 all the harvest was destined for sale; but from that date on, the planting area in the producing areas has decreased, mainly due to abiotic factors such as drought and salinity, which cause a high incidence of insect-pests and diseases. Under this premise, the present study evaluated the germination of three tomato genotypes under the effect of five concentrations of liquid creosote, under controlled laboratory conditions, in order to obtain genotypes with tolerance characteristics to the main pests that affect the crop. The percentage of germination was considered from day three to 20, according to the emergence of each one in the different concentrations. The experiment was carried out in a DCA in factorial arrangement 5x3, using 100 seeds certified by treatment. The results of the ANDEVA revealed statistically significant differences in germination at 1% of the probabilities for the interaction Genotypes by concentrations, standing out G3 for germinating 5% in the highest concentration at day 20 of the evaluation.
Dynamic Reading of Medieval Manuscripts
Authors: Nichols Stephen G.
Published: June 2017

Digital manuscript and text representation provides such a wealth of information that it is now possible to see the incessant versioning of works like the Roman de la Rose. Using the Rose manuscript of the Bibliothèque municipale de Lyon (MS 763) as an example and drawing on Aristotelian concepts such as energeia, dynamis, and entelecheia, the article discusses this pluripotent circulation and proposes a ‘dynamic reading’ of such manuscript texts, which takes into consideration the interplay between image, text, and the context of other texts transmitted in the same manuscript.
Philology in Ruins
Authors: Warren Michelle R.
Published: June 2017

How are digitized manuscripts affecting the theory and practice of philology? I use historical and artistic photographs to explore the implications of the new ‘photogenic philology’ that has developed with the expansion of digital archives for medieval manuscript studies. Rather than choosing between ‘real’ manuscripts and their digital avatars, scholars can foreground how their modes of accessing documents shape their questions and conclusions. This kind of analysis helps us understand more directly how technology constrains our views of history, texts, and manuscripts.
Getting Technology and Not Getting Theory: The New Philology after Twenty-Five Years
Authors: Taylor Andrew
Published: June 2017

The New Philology, as presented by Stephen G. Nichols in the January 1990 issue of Speculum, offered the exciting prospect of combining poststructuralist theory with manuscript studies. But the two proved antagonistic in many ways. Theory was difficult to grasp and militant, calling for political engagement. It assumed the stability of late print culture, in which texts could be firmly identified and placed in chronological order. Drawing on structuralism and its analysis of synchronic linguistic systems, poststructuralist theory also tended towards abstraction and it problematized human intention, which manuscript scholars, for the most part, remain committed to recapturing.
Narrative Potential and the Medieval Manuscript: A New Philological Approach to the Middle High German Neidhart Songs
Authors: Starkey Kathryn
Published: June 2017

The Neidhart songs, which have come down to us in several medieval and late medieval manuscripts, were the intense focus of nineteenth- and twentieth-century philologists Moriz Haupt and Edmund Wießner, whose editions and scholarly approach still shape the way this material is viewed today. This essay intervenes in traditional Neidhart scholarship by taking a New Philological approach to the songs. By considering the Neidhart collection and its framing within the Riedegg manuscript (1280), it reveals the songs’ narrative potential that is realized both within the collection and in the codex as a whole.
Factors Associated with Veterinary Clinical Faculty Attrition
Authors: Furr Martin
Published: June 2017

Faculty attrition and recruitment for veterinary clinical faculty positions have been reported as significant problems in veterinary medical education. To investigate the factors that may be important in veterinary clinical faculty retention, the perceptions and views of veterinary clinical academic faculty were determined using a web-distributed electronic survey. Responses were dichotomized by whether the respondent had or had not left an academic position and were analyzed for their association with faculty attrition. A total of 1,226 responses were recorded, and results demonstrated that factors other than compensation were associated with veterinary clinical faculty attrition, including departmental culture, work–life balance, and recognition and support of clinical medicine by the administration. Forty-four percent of respondents who had held a faculty appointment reported leaving academia either voluntarily or for non-voluntary reasons such as failure to achieve tenure, retirement, or having their position closed. Attention to correcting deficiencies in workplace culture and professional rewards could be a beneficial means by which to decrease the faculty attrition rates currently observed in clinical academic veterinary medicine.
Gestion des forêts et du gibier dans le Valais central (essai)
Authors: Clivaz Jean-Christophe , Crettenand Yvon
Published: June 2017

Management of forests and game in central Valais (essay)

In the central Valais district, two forest-game concepts showed that after 2000 there was an intolerable situation with regard to game damage to forests. Since then, there have been significant development in the forest regime, thanks to financial equalization on a federal level and also changes to deer population. These changes made it possible to put in place serious measures to reduce damage to forest regeneration. This became possible because of a common interest which was implemented through coherent and ambitious forest and hunting measures.
RETRACTED: Endothelial-Monocyte Activating Polypeptide II Suppresses the In Vitro Glioblastoma-Induced Angiogenesis by Inducing Autophagy
Authors: Li Zhiqing , Ma Jun , Liu Libo , Liu Xiaobai , Wang Ping , Liu Yunhui , Li Zhen , Zheng Jian , Chen Jiajia , Tao Wei , Xue Yixue
Published: June 2017

The obstacle in delivering therapeutics to glioblastoma (GBM) is tumor-induced angiogenesis which leads to the formation of abnormal vessels and a dysfunctional blood-tumor barrier. Here, we elucidated the effect of endothelial-monocyte activating polypeptide II (EMAP II) on the GBM-induced angiogenesis as well as its potential mechanisms. Our results proved that EMAP II inhibited the viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, migration and tube formation of GBM-induced endothelial cells (GECs) by inducing cell autophagy, demonstrated by cell viability assay, JC-1 staining assay, transwell assay and tube formation assay, respectively. Cell autophagy was induced by EMAP II through the observation of autophagic vacuoles formation and the up-regulation of microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain-3 (LC3)-II and p62/SQSTM1 expression, demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy analysis, immunofluorescence assay and Western blot assay. The activity of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway could be inhibited by the EMAP II treatment. Furthermore, unfolded protein response (UPR)-related proteins (GRP78, eIF2α, and CHOP) were up-regulated by EMAP II, which suggest that GECs exposed to EMAP II experienced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Further, mechanistic investigations found that EMAP II reduced the miR-96 expression which could directly target the 3′-UTR of these UPR-related proteins, and over-expression of miR-96 inhibited LC3 and p62/SQSTM1 expression by down-regulating these UPR-related proteins in GECs. Moreover, the combination of EMAP II with miR-96 inhibitor showed the inhibitory effect on the viability, migration, and in vitro tube formation of GECs, which are critical for angiogenesis. Taken together, we have demonstrated the fact that EMAP II resulted in the decreased GBM-induced angiogenesis by inducing autophagy, which might contribute to establishing potential strategies for human GBM treatment.
Thresholds of the Inner Steps in Multi-Step Newton Method
Authors: Maruster Stefan
Published: June 2017

We investigate the efficiency of multi-step Newton method (the classical Newton method in which the first derivative is re-evaluated periodically after m steps) for solving nonlinear equations, F ( x ) = 0 , F : D ⊆ R n → R n . We highlight the following property of multi-step Newton method with respect to some other Newton-type method: for a given n, there exist thresholds of m, that is an interval ( m i , m s ) , such that for m inside of this interval, the efficiency index of multi-step Newton method is better than that of other Newton-type method. We also search for optimal values of m.
A Novel Geometric Dictionary Construction Approach for Sparse Representation Based Image Fusion
Authors: Wang Kunpeng , Qi Guanqiu , Zhu Zhiqin , Chai Yi
Published: June 2017

Sparse-representation based approaches have been integrated into image fusion methods in the past few years and show great performance in image fusion. Training an informative and compact dictionary is a key step for a sparsity-based image fusion method. However, it is difficult to balance “informative” and “compact”. In order to obtain sufficient information for sparse representation in dictionary construction, this paper classifies image patches from source images into different groups based on morphological similarities. Stochastic coordinate coding (SCC) is used to extract corresponding image-patch information for dictionary construction. According to the constructed dictionary, image patches of source images are converted to sparse coefficients by the simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit (SOMP) algorithm. At last, the sparse coefficients are fused by the Max-L1 fusion rule and inverted to a fused image. The comparison experimentations are simulated to evaluate the fused image in image features, information, structure similarity, and visual perception. The results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed image fusion solution.
Effects of Task Demands on Kinematics and EMG Signals during Tracking Tasks Using Multiscale Entropy
Authors: Wu Yuanyu , Song Rong
Published: June 2017

Target-directed elbow movements are essential in daily life; however, how different task demands affect motor control is seldom reported. In this study, the relationship between task demands and the complexity of kinematics and electromyographic (EMG) signals on healthy young individuals was investigated. Tracking tasks with four levels of task demands were designed, and participants were instructed to track the target trajectories by extending or flexing their elbow joint. The actual trajectories and EMG signals from the biceps and triceps were recorded simultaneously. Multiscale fuzzy entropy was utilized to analyze the complexity of actual trajectories and EMG signals over multiple time scales. Results showed that the complexity of actual trajectories and EMG signals increased when task demands increased. As the time scale increased, there was a monotonic rise in the complexity of actual trajectories, while the complexity of EMG signals rose first, and then fell. Noise abatement may account for the decreasing entropy of EMG signals at larger time scales. This study confirmed the uniqueness of multiscale entropy, which may be useful in the analysis of electrophysiological signals.
The Role of Replication-Associated Repair Factors on R-Loops
Authors: Bhatia Vaibhav , Herrera-Moyano Emilia , Aguilera Andrés , Gómez-González Belén
Published: June 2017

The nascent RNA can reinvade the DNA double helix to form a structure termed the R-loop, where a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) is accompanied by a DNA-RNA hybrid. Unresolved R-loops can impede transcription and replication processes and lead to genomic instability by a mechanism still not fully understood. In this sense, a connection between R-loops and certain chromatin markers has been reported that might play a key role in R-loop homeostasis and genome instability. To counteract the potential harmful effect of R-loops, different conserved messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) biogenesis and nuclear export factors prevent R-loop formation, while ubiquitously-expressed specific ribonucleases and DNA-RNA helicases resolve DNA-RNA hybrids. However, the molecular events associated with R-loop sensing and processing are not yet known. Given that R-loops hinder replication progression, it is plausible that some DNA replication-associated factors contribute to dissolve R-loops or prevent R-loop mediated genome instability. In support of this, R-loops accumulate in cells depleted of the BRCA1, BRCA2 or the Fanconi anemia (FA) DNA repair factors, indicating that they play an active role in R-loop dissolution. In light of these results, we review our current view of the role of replication-associated DNA repair pathways in preventing the harmful consequences of R-loops.
Identification, Characterization and Expression Profiling of Stress-Related Genes in Easter Lily (Lilium formolongi)
Authors: Howlader Jewel , Park Jong-In , Robin Arif , Sumi Kanij , Nou Ill-Sup
Published: June 2017

Biotic and abiotic stresses are the major causes of crop loss in lily worldwide. In this study, we retrieved 12 defense-related expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the NCBI database and cloned, characterized, and established seven of these genes as stress-induced genes in Lilium formolongi. Using rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR (RACE-PCR), we successfully cloned seven full-length mRNA sequences from L. formolongi line Sinnapal lily. Based on the presence of highly conserved characteristic domains and phylogenetic analysis using reference protein sequences, we provided new nomenclature for the seven nucleotide and protein sequences and submitted them to GenBank. The real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) relative expression analysis of these seven genes, including LfHsp70-1, LfHsp70-2, LfHsp70-3, LfHsp90, LfUb, LfCyt-b5, and LfRab, demonstrated that they were differentially expressed in all organs examined, possibly indicating functional redundancy. We also investigated the qPCR relative expression levels under two biotic and four abiotic stress conditions. All seven genes were induced by Botrytis cinerea treatment, and all genes except LfHsp70-3 and LfHsp90 were induced by Botrytis elliptica treatment; these genes might be associated with disease tolerance mechanisms in L. formolongi. In addition, LfHsp70-1, LfHsp70-2, LfHsp70-3, LfHsp90, LfUb, and LfCyt-b5 were induced by heat treatment, LfHsp70-1, LfHsp70-2, LfHsp70-3, LfHsp90, and LfCyt-b5 were induced by cold treatment, and LfHsp70-1, LfHsp70-2, LfHsp70-3, LfHsp90, LfCy-b5, and LfRab were induced by drought and salt stress, indicating their likely association with tolerance to these stress conditions. The stress-induced candidate genes identified in this study provide a basis for further functional analysis and the development of stress-resistant L. formolongi cultivars.
The Impact of a Nickel-Copper Smelter on Concentrations of Toxic Elements in Local Wild Food from the Norwegian, Finnish, and Russian Border Regions
Authors: Hansen Martine , Nøst Therese , Heimstad Eldbjørg , Evenset Anita , Dudarev Alexey , Rautio Arja , Myllynen Päivi , Dushkina Eugenia , Jagodic Marta , Christensen Guttorm , Anda Erik , Brustad Magritt , Sandanger Torkjel
Published: June 2017

Toxic elements emitted from the Pechenganickel complex on the Kola Peninsula have caused concern about potential effects on local wild food in the border regions between Norway, Finland and Russia. The aim of this study was to assess Ni, Cu, Co, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg concentrations in local wild foods from these border regions. During 2013–2014, we collected samples of different berry, mushroom, fish, and game species from sites at varying distances from the Ni-Cu smelter in all three border regions. Our results indicate that the Ni-Cu smelter is the main source of Ni, Co, and As in local wild foods, whereas the sources of Pb and Cd are more complex. We observed no consistent trends for Cu, one of the main toxic elements emitted by the Ni-Cu smelter; nor did we find any trend for Hg in wild food. Concentrations of all investigated toxic elements were highest in mushrooms, except for Hg, which was highest in fish. EU maximum levels of Pb, Cd, and Hg were exceeded in some samples, but most had levels considered safe for human consumption. No international thresholds exist for the other elements under study.
Effects of Non-Starch Polysaccharides on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Nie Ying , Lin Qinlu , Luo Feijun
Published: June 2017

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased considerably over the past few decades. In the present review, we discuss several disadvantages existing in the treatment of IBD and current understandings of the structures, sources, and natures of various kinds of non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs). Available evidences for the use of different sources of NSPs in IBD treatment both in vitro and in vivo are analyzed, including glucan from oat bran, mushroom, seaweed, pectin, gum, prebiotics, etc. Their potential mechanisms, especially their related molecular mechanism of protective action in the treatment and prevention of IBD, are also summarized, covering the anti-inflammation, immune-stimulating, and gut microbiota-modulating activities, as well as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, anti-oxidative stress accompanied with inflammation, the promotion of gastric epithelial cell proliferation and tissue healing, and the reduction of the absorption of toxins of NSPs, thus ameliorating the symptoms and reducing the reoccurrence rate of IBD. In summary, NSPs exhibit the potential to be promising agents for an adjuvant therapy and for the prevention of IBD. Further investigating of the crosstalk between immune cells, epithelial cells, and gut microorganisms in addition to evaluating the effects of different kinds and different molecular weights of NSPs will lead to well-designed clinical intervention trials and eventually improve the treatment and prevention of IBD.
A Quantitative Acetylomic Analysis of Early Seed Development in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Wang Yifeng , Hou Yuxuan , Qiu Jiehua , Li Zhiyong , Zhao Juan , Tong Xiaohong , Zhang Jian
Published: June 2017

PKA (protein lysine acetylation) is a critical post-translational modification that regulates various developmental processes, including seed development. However, the acetylation events and dynamics on a proteomic scale in this process remain largely unknown, especially in rice early seed development. We report the first quantitative acetylproteomic study focused on rice early seed development by employing a mass spectral-based (MS-based), label-free approach. A total of 1817 acetylsites on 1688 acetylpeptides from 972 acetylproteins were identified in pistils and seeds at three and seven days after pollination, including 268 acetyproteins differentially acetylated among the three stages. Motif-X analysis revealed that six significantly enriched motifs, such as (DxkK), (kH) and (kY) around the acetylsites of the identified rice seed acetylproteins. Differentially acetylated proteins among the three stages, including adenosine diphosphate (ADP) -glucose pyrophosphorylases (AGPs), PDIL1-1 (protein disulfide isomerase like 1-1), hexokinases, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and numerous other regulators that are extensively involved in the starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and photosynthesis pathways during early seed development. This study greatly expanded the rice acetylome dataset, and shed novel insight into the regulatory roles of PKA in rice early seed development.
Perstraction of Intracellular Pigments through Submerged Fermentation of Talaromyces spp. in a Surfactant Rich Media: A Novel Approach for Enhanced Pigment Recovery
Authors: Morales-Oyervides Lourdes , Oliveira Jorge , Sousa-Gallagher Maria , Méndez-Zavala Alejandro , Montañez Julio
Published: June 2017

A high percentage of the pigments produced by Talaromyces spp. remains inside the cell, which could lead to a high product concentration inhibition. To overcome this issue an extractive fermentation process, perstraction, was suggested, which involves the extraction of the intracellular products out of the cell by using a two-phase system during the fermentation. The present work studied the effect of various surfactants on secretion of intracellular pigments produced by Talaromyces spp. in submerged fermentation. Surfactants used were: non-ionic surfactants (Tween 80, Span 20 and Triton X-100) and a polyethylene glycerol polymer 8000, at different concentrations (5, 20, 35 g/L). The highest extracellular pigment yield (16 OD500nm) was reached using Triton X-100 (35 g/L), which was 44% higher than the control (no surfactant added). The effect of addition time of the selected surfactant was further studied. The highest extracellular pigment concentration (22 OD500nm) was achieved when the surfactant was added at 120 h of fermentation. Kinetics of extracellular and intracellular pigments were examined. Total pigment at the end of the fermentation using Triton X-100 was 27.7% higher than the control, confirming that the use of surfactants partially alleviated the product inhibition during the pigment production culture.
Scale Up Pillaring: A Study of the Parameters That Influence the Process
Authors: Bertella Francine , Pergher Sibele B. C.
Published: June 2017

Pillared clays (PILCs) are interesting materials mostly due to their high basal spacing and surface area, which make them suitable for adsorption and catalysis applications, for example. However, the production of these materials on industrial scale is dependent on research about what parameters influence the process. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate what parameters influence the pillaring procedure. For this, pillared clays were synthesized following three series of experiments. In the first series, the effect of the amount of water in a clay suspension was evaluated. The best results were obtained by using diluted suspensions (1 g of clay to 100 mL of water). In the second series, several pillaring methods were tested. In the third series, the amount of pillared clay was raised to 50 g. Fifty grams of pillared clay can be obtained using the pillaring agent synthesized at 60 °C with further aging for 24 h, and this material exhibited high basal spacing (17.6 Å) and surface area (233 m2/g). These values are comparable with the traditional pillaring method using only 3 g of clay.