bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endophyte Extract From Nattle (Urtica dioica L.) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Authors: Azim Muhlisun , Novasari Novasari , Hariadi Puspawan , Febriani Yuyun , Yuliana Tri Puspita
Published: May 2023

Endophytes are microorganisms that colonize the plant host tissue. Endophytic colonies are able to produce secondary metabolites in accordance with their host plants, endophytes have been found in every plant species studied to date and are recognized as a source of new natural compounds that have the potential to be exploited in medicine. This study aims to isolate and obtain endophytic fungi and to test secondary metabolites that have the potential as antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Plant samples were taken around the village of Mamben, Wanasaba. The research method used is experimental laboratory. This research was conducted by isolating and identifying endophytic fungi from nettle stems. Obtained a type of endophytic fungal strain using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The production of secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi was obtained by fermentation method using brown rice for a month then macerated for 3 days using methanol solvent and tested for secondary metabolites and antibacterial activity. The endophytic fungal extract of nettle stem contains alkaloids and flavonoids and is able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with the highest concentration of 60% with an inhibition zone of 18 mm. whereas, the extract of nettle stem endophytic fungus on Escherichia coli has not an inhibition zone.
Determination of Boric Acid Levels in Food Samples Using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Method
Authors: Gunawan Anjelli Putri , Kusuma Wardani Alidya Fitri , Hikmarina Ria , Rahmi Rahmi , Latief Madyawati
Published: May 2023

Food is a basic need for every human being to grow and sustain life. In food, there is what is called BTP or Food Additives. According to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 033 of 2012 [1], Regarding food additives, boric acid or borax is prohibited from being used in food products. However, many people still use boric acid as BTP in producing food. This study aimed to identify and determine boric acid levels in food samples. The research method used was qualitative analysis with the addition of liquid curcucumin and quantitative analysis using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a maximum wavelength of 540 nm. The results of identification and determination of boric acid levels showed that sample A had a color change from purplish-red to orange, indicating that the food sample was positive for boric acid. The average level of boric acid in sample A equals 986.947 ppm. The %RSD value obtained is 1.583%, indicating that this test has good precision.
HISTÓRIA DA ENFERMAGEM DA UFCG DE CUITÉ CONTADA PELAS PIONEIRAS
Authors: Silva Fernanda Lucia da , Sousa Alana Tamar de Oliveira
Published: May 2023

Pesquisa qualitativa que visa reconstituir o processo de institucionalização do ensino de Enfermagem na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, campus Cuité, a partir do discurso de colaboradoras que vivenciaram a implementação do curso. A pesquisa foi fundamentada metodologicamente na história oral temática e a análise dos dados seguiu as etapas de transcrição, textualização e transcriação, sucedendo-se à correlação com uma pesquisa documental sobre o curso, realizada na própria instituição. O curso de Bacharelado em Enfermagem foi criado em 2005 e começou a funcionar em 2007. Seu início foi marcado por desafios relacionados à estrutura física, laboratórios, corpo docente, grade curricular, campos de estágios e questões administrativas. Passados dez anos de funcionamento, hoje ele é uma referência em formação acadêmica de qualidade, conquistou autonomia e um corpo docente bem estruturado, apesar de ainda existirem fragilidades relacionadas aos campos de estágios. Acompanhando as mudanças positivas, surgem as perspectivas de implantação de pós-graduação, desenvolvimento de novos projetos, ampliação da oferta de estágios, e a criação de um hospital universitário. Esta pesquisa veio propiciar para a comunidade acadêmica, em especial a do curso de enfermagem, a oportunidade de resgatar e conhecer as bases formadoras do ensino da enfermagem neste campus.
Knowledge of molar incisor hypomineralization among physicians and dentists
Authors: Ghazal Ebtehal , Moharir Madhavi , El-Badrawy Wafa , Yavuz Yasemin , Kulkarni Gajanan
Published: May 2023

Background: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a global dental condition. Early intake of antibiotics can increase the risk of MIH. Purpose: To assess the knowledge of physicians and dentists on MIH and its associations with antibiotics exposure during early childhood. Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed the above health professionals utilizing an electronically distributed questionnaire. The chi-square test was used to compare differences in levels of knowledge between the study groups. Results: There were 335 participants in the study; general physicians (n=79), pediatricians (n=98) and dentists (n=158). A significantly lower proportion of general physicians and pediatricians had knowledge of MIH compared to dentists (19% and 18% vs. 82%, respectively, P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between all groups regarding their knowledge about the association between antibiotics prescribed during the first four years of life and MIH development (P=0.07). Conclusions: Physicians and pediatricians lacked knowledge about the dental condition of MIH. Most study respondents did not know the association between frequent antibiotic intake during early childhood and the development of MIH. Since medical practitioners are more likely to prescribe antibiotics and have a greater impact on early childhood health, raising awareness of MIH and its relationship with antibiotic exposure in early life among medical practitioners is essential.
The Efforts to Maintain Dental Health During Covid-19 Pandemic by Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Wahyudi Irene Anastasia , Tedjosasongko Udijanto , Dewi Ardianti Maartrina
Published: May 2023

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have special characteristics and problems, including oral health problems. The Covid19  pandemic condition requires adjustment in many ways. The information about the efforts of parents, especially mothers in maintaining the oral health of their ASD children isneeded so that assistance can be provided efficiently and effectively. Purpose: to determine the mother's efforts in maintaining the dental health of children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A questionnaire was given to 109 mothers who have ASD children from the Mutiara Hati Autism Foundation in Surabaya City and Mojokerto City, then the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Results: It was found that the majority of mothers did not bring their children to the dentist during pandemic, so the problem of dental caries had not been treated optimally. Mothers’ efforts in maintaining the dental health of their ASD children during the COVID-19 pandemic were; always accompanying the child to brush his teeth, and providing painkillers when the child has a toothache. The mothers did not know that there was an online dental consultation so they did not take advantage of it. Conclusion: The mother’s efforts in maintaining the dental health of ASD children during the COVID-19 pandemic more limited, due to lack of knowledge in the prevention/treatment of dental disease; and concerns about virus transmission during dental treatment; and the lack of socialization of the use of online media for consultation with dentists.
Applications of 445nm soft tissue diode laser in soft tissue dental surgeries: A case series
Authors: Ul Haque Aehad , Lal Nand , Rastogi Pavitra , Kaushal Shalini , Verma Manisha
Published: May 2023

Background: Through the recent years various types of lasers have found use in dentistry. Among them diode lasers have gained a special place in the arena of soft tissue surgery. Purpose: To substantiate the applicability of low wavelength Diode Laser in soft tissue dental surgeries. Cases: Five different cases in which soft tissue dental surgery was indicated, were included: (1) A 21-year-old female patient who underwent frenectomy; (2) A 24-year-old female patient who underwent excision of gingival polyp; (3) A 30-year-old patient who underwent Gingivectomy; (4) A 32-year-old female patient who underwent surgical crown lengthening and (5) A 28-year-old male patient who underwent operculectomy. Case Management: Each of these patients was successfully treated using low wavelength 445nm Soft Tissue Diode Laser. Conclusion: All the patients experienced normal post-operative healing without any complications. The overall outcome in each case was favourable. The use of low wavelength diode lasers is strongly suggested for soft tissue dental surgeries, owing to their ease of use, versatility, minimal thermal damage and good post-operative healing.
Current Approaches of Salivary Glands Regeneration for Management of Xerostomia and Hyposalivation: A Narrative Review
Authors: Mahdani Fatma Yasmin , Ayuningtyas Nurina Febriyanti
Published: May 2023

Background: The salivary glands are the organs that produce saliva and have a role keeping the oral cavity moist and lubricated. Salivary glands regeneration is important for developing treatments on management of xerostomia and hyposalivation because of the irreversible damage of salivary glands. Common causes include aging, polypharmacy, autoimmune disease, including Sjogren's syndrome, and head and neck radiation, in which xerostomia and hyposalivation having a substantial impact on patient health and wellbeing. Purpose: to describe current approach of salivary glands regeneration for management of xerostomia and hyposalivation through narrative review. Review(s): A literature search using Science Direct and PubMed yielded results between 1973 and 2022, and the results were evaluated to identify the most promising approaches and for future research. The keywords of the search strategy were “salivary gland regeneration” and “xerostomia” or “hyposalivation”. Current studies have revealed potential targets in the development of salivary gland regeneration for the management of xerostomia and hyposalivation. Stem cells therapy aims to repair damaged at the cellular level, especially stimulating acini cells, multiplying and differentiating to replace dead or damaged acini cells. Bioengineering is through isolated acini cells cultured on many modified cell line and administration of bioactive compounds. Gene therapy aims to rebuild functional water channels and neutralization of inflammatory mediators. Conclusion: Several approaches of salivary glands regeneration that can be taken are stem cells therapy, bioengineering, and gene transfer.
Results of biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle training in patients with urinary incontinence after open, laparoscopic and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Vinarov A.Z. , Rapoport L.М. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Krupinov G.E. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Demidko Yu.L. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Snurnitsyna О.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Tereshchenko V.А. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Kasiteridi I.G. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2023

Objective. To compare the results of learning isolated pelvic floor muscle contractions with the use of biofeedback and its effectiveness for recovery of urinary continence in patients with urinary incontinence after open, laparoscopic and robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Patients and methods. We used pelvic floor muscle training combined with biofeedback control in 204 patients with incontinence after prostatectomy. 144 patients (70.6 %) underwent retropubic prostatectomy, 44 patients (21.6%) laparoscopic, and 16 (7.8%) received robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. In all patients surgery was performed using a nerve-sparing technique. Results. As a result of training, 164 (80.4%) patients acquired a practical skill of isolated contractions and could practice them on their own. The other 40 (19.6%) needed regular support with the use of biofeedback 1–2 times a month in the settings of an outpatient department. The type of surgery did not influence training. By the sixth month of follow-up, in the group with the acquired skill of isolated contractions recovery of continence was noted in 2 (1.0%), improvement in 105 (51.5%), while 57 (27.9%) had no changes. In patients who had no skill of isolated contraction of pelvic floor muscles the figures were 1 (0.5%), 17 (8.3%) and 22 (10.8%), respectively. Conclusion. The possibility of management and retraining did not depend on the patient’s functional state after surgery. The terms of recovering urinary continence by the sixth month of follow-up by training pelvic floor muscles with biofeedback after open, laparoscopic and robot-assisted prostatectomy did not differ. Key words: urinary incontinence, muscle training
Local use of magnet and ozone therapy in chronic bacterial prostatitis: 3- and 12-month outcomes according to the NIH-CPSI index
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala, Russian Federation, Katibov M.I. , Аlibekov М.М. ,   City Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala, Russian Federation
Published: May 2023

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of using magnet and ozone thepary in management of chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) using the US National institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). Patients and methods. The study included 154 men, in whom 4 treatment variants were used: 1) standard 6-week therapy; 2) magnet therapy in addition to standard therapy; 3) ozone therapy in addition to standard therapy; 4) magnet and ozone therapy in addition to standard therapy. Results. Patients answered the questions of the NIH-CPSI classification system before therapy started, and at 3 and 12 months after a course of therapy was completed. At 3 months after treatment, a significant improvement of the NIH-CPSI scores was found in all groups, and after 12 months – only in group 4. Conclusion. A complex use of magnet and ozone therapy permits to obtain an optimal and long-term effect of treating patients with bacterial CP. Key words: NIH-CPSI index, magnetic therapy, ozone therapy, chronic bacterial prostatitis
Frecuencia de la migraña en los estudiantes de Medicina Humana de la Universidad Científica del Sur durante la pandemia de la Covid-19
Authors:   , Zevallos Vasquez Annabell , Pajuelo Salazar Kiana Azucena
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Se desconoce si el confinamiento ocasionado por la emergencia de la COVID-19 puede influir en los factores desencadenantes de la migraña. El objetivo de este proyecto fue determinar la frecuencia de sospecha de migraña y sus factores asociados en los estudiantes de medicina de una universidad peruana. Adicionalmente, se evaluaron las características de los episodios de migraña y el grado de déficit funcional que esta provocaba. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de forma transversal analítico en estudiantes de la carrera de medicina de una universidad peruana. La sospecha de migraña se determinó con el Migraine Screen Questionnaire (MS-Q). Como posibles factores desencadenantes que estaban asociados, se incluyeron a variables sociodemográficas, de confusión y relacionadas con la pandemia de la COVID-19. Se utilizaron modelos de Poisson, es decir modelos de regresión y se estimaron razones de prevalencia (RP) crudas y ajustadas con sus intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados: Se incluyeron a 327 estudiantes, de los cuales el 30,3% (n=99) presentó sospecha de migraña. El sexo, los ciclos agrupados, tener familiares con migraña y con factores de riesgo para la COVID-19, las horas de sueño al día, y las horas frente a la computadora se asociaron con la sospecha de migraña. Asimismo, la mayoría de los estudiantes con sospecha de migraña presentaron discapacidad funcional grave (41,4%). Conclusiones: La alta frecuencia de sospecha de esta patología que viene siendo la migraña en los estudiantes de medicina, podría deberse a la cuarentena ocasionada por la COVID-19. Existen factores relacionados con la pandemia que incrementaron las probabilidades de tener sospecha de migraña. El alto nivel de discapacidad hallado debe promover diagnóstico oportuno y el seguimiento en los estudiantes afectados.
Bajo soporte sociofamiliar y riesgo de mortalidad en adultos mayores
Authors:   , Cabrera Gomez Ivonne Silvana , Morales Saldivar Pedro Antonio
Published: May 2023

Objetivos: Comprobar la asociación entre soporte social y mortalidad, así como el rol de los síndromes geriátricos en dicha asociación. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, cohorte retrospectiva. Análisis secundario de una base de datos de 1896 adultos mayores, de los que se eliminaron 212 por datos faltantes, con una muestra final de 1684. Se realizó un análisis bivariado en base a mortalidad y posteriormente se realizó un análisis de regresión de Cox, presentando un modelo crudo y ajustado, calculando HR y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados: Se registró una frecuencia de mortalidad de 11,16% (n=188), de Auto reporte de soporte social (ASS) de 17,46% (n=294) y de riesgo social según la Escala de Gijón (EG) de 27,02% (n=455). Se encontró significancia estadística con edad, sexo, estado civil, comorbilidades, síndromes geriátricos y problema social, medidos según el ASS y la EG. Finalmente, se construyeron dos modelos de regresión de Cox, uno crudo y otro ajustado. En este último, se encontró que la incidencia de mortalidad es 6% mayor en comparación de los que tienen un soporte sociofamiliar adecuado. Conclusiones: El riesgo de mortalidad es 1,06 veces mayor en aquellos pacientes que según la EG poseen un pobre soporte social, independientemente del número de comorbilidades, síndromes geriátricos o edad. Tener dos o más comorbilidades y al menos un síndrome geriátrico, incrementan el riesgo de mortalidad.
Riesgo sociofamiliar y deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores que se atendieron en el Centro Geriátrico de la Fuerza Aérea del Perú entre los años 2017-2020
Authors:   , Begazo Bedoya Mimmy Minerva de Jesus , Calderón Jaramillo Nathaly
Published: May 2023

RESUMEN: Introducción: Los adultos mayores constituyen a los mayores de 65 años según la OMS. Así mismo, se han relacionado el riesgo sociofamiliar y deterioro cognitivo en pacientes del centro geriátrico de la fuerza aérea del Perú en el periodo 2017-2020. Objetivos del estudio: Determinar la asociación entre el riesgo sociofamiliar y el deterioro cognitivo en pacientes atendidos en el centro geriátrico del HFAP en el periodo 2017-2020. Metodología: Estudio primario, observacional, analítico, transversal, retrospectivo realizado en pacientes atendidos en el centro geriátrico del HFAP en el periodo 2017-2020. Resultados: Se evaluó a 121 adultos mayores, con edad promedio de 84 años. El 23.1% presentó riesgo social, el 41.3% presentaron deterioro cognitivo. El 30.6% padecía diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y el 13.2% enfermedad de Parkinson. No se encontró asociación significativa entre el riesgo sociofamiliar (p=0.851) y el padecer deterioro cognitivo. El padecer diabetes mellitus tipo II (p=0.022) y enfermedad de Parkinson (p=0.012) si se encontraban asociados con el deterioro cognitivo. Conclusiones: No se llegó a encontrar asociación entre riesgo sociofamiliar y deterioro cognitivo. Es necesario realizar más estudios en oblaciones más grandes y variadas para evaluar factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de deterioro cognitivo y otras patologías que afectan a los adultos mayores en nuestro país.
Efecto de los plaguicidas Propineb y Fipronil en la artropofauna del suelo en el cultivo de papa en Mollepata, Cusco, Perú
Authors:   , Montes Nieto Alvaro Fernando
Published: May 2023

Se evaluó el efecto de los plaguicidas propineb y fipronil en la artropofauna del suelo en el cultivo de papa en Mollepata, Cusco, Perú. Se colocaron 35 trampas de caída en cada evaluación por cada tratamiento (Fipronil, Propineb y Convencional) para recolectar la artropofauna presente en cinco monitoreos y evaluar el efecto en los índices de diversidad alfa y beta. Las familias que presentaron mayor abundancia de individuos fueron Cicadellidae, Chrysomelidae y Sciaridae. En la evaluación global a nivel de familias se encontró que, en el tratamiento Convencional, en el Índice de número de individuos, este fue el más bajo y el Propineb el más alto. No se observaron diferencias en los otros seis índices de diversidad. En la tercera evaluación a nivel de familias se encontró que en el índice de Pielou, el Fipronil presentó el valor más bajo. En la evaluación global por gremio trófico, los Fitófagos presentaron el tratamiento Convencional el menor número de individuos y en el Propineb el mayor valor. En la tercera evaluación en el gremio Fitófago se encontraron diferencias significativas en el índice de Pielou, presentando el Fipronil el valor más bajo y el Propineb el más alto. Los Parasitoides a nivel global mostraron diferencias significativas en el número de individuos para el Convencional con relación al Propineb. Los índices de diversidad beta para la similaridad cuantitativa entre tratamientos fue variable, obteniendo en general una mayor similaridad entre Fipronil y el Convencional. En general el gremio Fitófago fue el que presentó los mejores valores para evaluar diferencias en el efecto de los plaguicidas en la artropofauna del suelo con base a los índices de diversidad alfa: Número de Individuos y Pielou.
Trends in the development of ski tourism in Karachay-Cherkessia
Authors:   Perm State Agro-Technological University named after academician D. N. Prianishnikov, OBORIN Matvey
Published: May 2023

Introduction. T he sphere of ski tourism is one of the priorities of state policy, which is expressed in the following factors: comprehensive restructuring of the tourism sector; development of large infrastructure projects; introduction of a mandatory system of classification of tourist facilities by location; formation of new ski trails and beaches. The strategic direction of the development of the ski tourism sector within the framework of the development of internal and external travel is the growth of consolidation of all territories of the Russian Federation, based on the development of transport infrastructure, purposeful activity of the state, establishing the principles and amounts of fees for various services, transportation of passengers and cargo, export and import of goods, subsidizing interregional transportation. The purpose of the study is to determine the strategic priorities for the development of ski tourism in the world and Russia. Materials and methods of research. Theoretical foundations of the Russian school of strategizing, general logical research methods, system and situational approaches, modeling of economic processes. Research results and discussion. The study identified the main problems and ways to solve them within the framework of sustainable development of the mountainous territories of Russia. It is determined that with global transformation processes, the country has a wide range of opportunities for the development of tourist territories, while it is necessary to develop comprehensive programs for the development of the tourism industry, effective marketing solutions in the context of strengthening the interaction of the country's tourist facilities with international tourist markets. Conclusion. Comprehensive solutions to the key problems of mountain territories require the development of a unified system of classification and accessibility of tourist information, the creation of a modern regulatory framework for tourism development, the formation of large ski complexes and territories that operate all year round and are accessible to the average citizen, the development of environmental aspects in the tourism sector.
Finite element and regression analysis for improving Terzaghi’s, Meyerhof’s, Hansen’s and Vesic’s bearing capacity methods
Authors: Pantelidis Lysandros
Published: May 2023

The bearing capacity of shallow foundations is one of the major fields in soil mechanics and foundation engineering. Since 1943, when Terzaghi suggested his famous equation with the three N-factors, several dozens of bearing capacity methods for centrically-vertically loaded strip footings have been proposed in the literature, mainly focusing on refining the Nγ factor. However, these proposed by Terzaghi, Meyerhof, Hansen and Vesic remain by far the most popular ones, with the last one to be component of many contemporary design codes. In this paper, the author put these four methods into extensive comparison against the finite element method. From the results it is clear that the scatter of values is a common characteristic, while none of these methods is superior to the others. During the last 100 years, Nγ was either a demon needing exorcise or a scapegoat. The regression analysis carried out by the author, however, clearly showed that it is not Nγ that prevents us from having a reliable analytical prediction for the bearing capacity of (strip) footings. Instead, all methods need calibration against the Df⁄B parameter, which, surprisingly, affects all three terms of “Terzaghi’s” equation and not only the surcharge term. The author applied both non-linear and linear regression analysis. Generally, the performance of all these methods was significantly improved after using a (const_1+ const_2∙Df⁄B) term as multiplier in front of the (untreated) bearing capacity formula and calibrating the constants against regression analysis and finite elements. Finally, the author offered corrected expressions for the four methods mentioned above, not only for the case of rigid footings but also for the case of flexible footings, as regression analysis was also carried out against the respective finite element results. In addition to the above it is mentioned that, in the calibration procedure against finite element analysis, the author considered the non-associated flow rule (ψ=0°). As known, an analysis with a non-associated flow rule is more representative of the actual soil behavior, while it is on the safe side.
Soliton Confinement in a Quantum Circuit
Authors: Roy Ananda , Lukyanov Sergei
Published: May 2023

Confinement of topological excitations into particle-like states - typically associated with theories of elementary particles - are known to occur in condensed matter systems, arising as domain-wall confinement in quantum spin chains. However, investigation of confinement in the condensed matter setting has rarely ventured beyond lattice spin systems. Here, we analyze the confinement of sine-Gordon solitons into mesonic bound states in a one-dimensional, quantum electronic circuit (QEC) array, constructed using experimentally-demonstrated circuit elements: Josephson junctions, capacitors and 0 - π qubits. The interactions occurring naturally in the QEC array, due to tunneling of Cooper-pairs and pairs of Cooper-pairs, give rise to a non-integrable, interacting, lattice model of quantum rotors. In the scaling limit, the latter is described by the quantum sine-Gordon model, perturbed by a cosine potential with a different periodicity. We compute the string tension of confinement of sine-Gordon solitons and the changes in the low-lying spectrum in the perturbed model. The scaling limit is reached faster for the QEC array compared to conventional spin chain regularizations, allowing high-precision numerical investigation of the strong-coupling regime of this non-integrable quantum field theory. Our results, obtained using the density matrix renormalization group method, could be verified in a quench experiment using state-of-the-art QEC technologies.
Unifying the Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reaction with Surface Oxygen and Extracting their Intrinsic Activities on Platinum Catalysts
Authors: Krishnan Yogeshwaran , Buchauer Fabian , Hansen Heine , Hjelm Johan , Brandes Benedikt
Published: May 2023

The ORR is the key reaction in the development of catalysts for hydrogen fuel cells. In the development of new catalysts, a reliable assessment of their kinetic properties is crucial. However, the common half-cell RDE protocol delivers ORR activities that are linked to the chosen scan rate, limiting its value for fundamental and comparative studies. Moreover, surface oxygen has a significant contribution to the currently reported ORR activity values, severely limiting their meaningfulness. Here we present a deconvolution of the intrinsic ORR kinetics from the effect of surface oxygen on platinum. The deconvolution makes the obtained ORR activities for the first time indifferent to scan rate and scan direction in a wide potential range. This provides researchers with a new method to assess platinum catalysts, as it allows to separate the intrinsic ORR activity from the inevitable formation of surface oxygen species during fuel cell operation. We show that the surface oxygen affects the ORR dominantly via an electronic effect, substantiate a Tafel slope of around 120 mV/decade over the entire experimentally accessible potential range, calculate an ORR exchange current density of 13±4 µA/cm2, and an ORR activity of 7 mA/cm2 at 900 mV. Eventually, we broaden the scope of this analysis to effects of surface reconstruction, alloying, and supported Pt nanoparticles. We demonstrate that the common half-cell RDE protocol to analyze the ORR is insufficient in determining the intrinsic ORR parameters and provide insights into the discrepancy between the ORR activity in half cells and applied fuel cells. Using DFT calculations, we find that the binding energies of the ORR intermediates are weakened by the presence of highly coordinated oxygen atoms in the platinum surface. We show that the OER follows the same kinetics as the ORR leading to a single empirical description of both reactions like the HER/HOR kinetics.
Machine Learning Algorithms for a Novel Cuproptosis-related Gene Signature of Diagnostic and Immune Infiltration in Endometriosis
Authors: Wang Jiajia , Lu Yiming , Ling Yongchang , Sun Guangyu , Fang Zhihao , He Liqiao , Xing Zhiyong , Nong Weihua , Wei Yunbao , Wang Shan , Shi Guiling , Dong Mingyou , Wang Junli
Published: May 2023

Endometriosis (EMT) is a chronic hormone-dependent disease where in viable endometrial tissue is transplanted outside the uterus. Interestingly, immune infiltration is significantly involved in EMT pathogenesis. Currently, no studies have shown the involvement of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in regulating immune infiltration in EMT. This study identified three CRGs such as GLS, NFE2L2, and PDHA1, associated with EMT using machine learning algorithms. These three CRGs were upregulated in the endometrium of patients with moderate/severe EMT and downregulated in patients with infertility. Single sample genomic enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) revealed that these CRGs were closely correlated with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Furthermore, these CRGs were correlated with immune cells such as eosinophils, natural killer cells, and macrophages. Therefore, profiling patients based on these genes aid in a more accurate diagnosis of EMT progression. These findings provide a new idea for the pathology and treatment of endometriosis, suggesting that CRGs such as GLS, NFE2L2, and PDHA1 may play a key role in the occurrence and development of endometriosis.
Green synthesis of selenium nanorods using Muntigia calabura leaf extract: Effect of pH on characterization and bioactivities
Authors: Tuyen Nguyen Ngoc Kim , Huy Vo Khac , Duy Nguyen Huu , An Hoang , Nam Nguyen Thanh Hoai , Dat Nguyen Minh , Huong Quach Thi Thanh , Trang Nguyen Le Phuong , Anh Nguyen Do Phuong , Thy Lu Thi Mong , Phong Mai Thanh , Hieu Nguyen Huu
Published: May 2023

In this study, selenium nanomaterials (nano-Se) were synthesized via a biological route, in which the leaf extract of Muntigia calabura was efficiently utilized as not only a reducing agent but also a surfactant to stabilize the produced nanostructures. In detail, the effect of pH level on the shape and bioactivities of nano-Se was thoroughly investigated, which revealed the formation of selenium nanorods at pH 8 with uniform sizes of 30–50 nm in diameter and several micrometers in length, corresponding to the Se-pH8 sample. Besides, the material also exhibited excellent bactericidal rates against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, while the cytotoxicity test using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay elucidated the notably low toxicity of Se-pH8 towards the normal HEK293 cells. Therefore, the obtained results show the great potential of the nano-Se material in multiple industrial applications, particularly in the medical and pharmaceutical sectors.
Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Chirocephalus, with the description of a new species Chirocephalus algeriensis sp.nov. (Branchiopoda: Anostraca) from Algeria
Authors: BOUMENDJEL Lylia , AMAROUAYACHE MOUNIA , BONILLO CELINE , SORBA LAURENT , BAGNI THIBAUT , RABET NICOLAS
Published: May 2023

Molecular analyses based on the comparison of Chirocephalus species mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequences obtained from Algeria, Morocco and France with other available sequences were performed. The analysis clarified the status of the genus Chirocephalus Prévost, 1803 in Algeria and its phylogenetic links with other populations. Three lineages occur in Algeria representing three different species: Chirocephalus salinus Daday, 1910, C. sanhadjaensis Boumendjel, Rabet and Amarouayache, 2018 and a new species sampled in Reghaïa (Alger, Algeria) near Algiers. All these species, belonging to the "diaphanus" group, seem to be endemic to Algeria except C. salinus also present in France (Corsica). The new species C. algeriensis sp. nov. is described and its affinities with other species of the genus are presented. This species is until now restricted to Algiers region and shares several characters with C. diaphanus Prévost, 1803. It is separated from all other species by the shape and size of the second antennal appendages of the male and the female. The resting eggs of C. algeriensis sp. nov. are morphologically similar to those of many Chirocephalus but a variation of size of eggs can be used at a specific level.
Human immunodeficiency virus epidemic scenery among Brazilian women: A spatial analysis study
Authors: Bezerra Ana Luisa Lemos , de Almeida Paula Regina Barbosa , Reis Renata Karina , Ferreira Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff , de Sousa Fabianne de Jesus Dias , Gir Elucir , Botelho Eliã Pinheiro
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND Approximately 37.7 million people worldwide are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although HIV detection among women, they still representing 53% of population living with the virus. Spatial analysis techniques are powerful tools for combating HIV allowing the association of the phenomenon with socioeconomic and political factors. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to spatially analyze HIV prevalence among Brazilian women from 2007 to 2020. METHODS ecological study was conducted using secondary databases of the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) for HIV and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrom (AIDS) in Brazilian women 15 years old and over. Age-adjusted HIV/AIDS incidence rates were analyzed using spatial distribution, autocorrelation, and spatiotemporal risk analysis techniques. RESULTS During the study period, 119,890 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported among Brazilian women. The southeastern region had a higher age-adjusted HIV/AIDS incidence than other Brazilian regions. Hotspot HIV/AIDS incidence rates decreased in all Brazil. Piauí, Paraná, and Minas Gerais were the only states with an increased number of cold spots. Previous spatiotemporal risk zones were observed in the states of São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, and Rio de Janeiro. Belém was a risk zone with a later spatiotemporal risk. CONCLUSIONS The efficiency of public policies fighting HIV has not been uniform among municipalities, although HIV/AIDS cases have decreased among Brazilian women. The social determinants of health in each municipality should be considered when local health authorities implement policies. Women empowerment should be promoted, and access to preventive, diagnostic, and treatment healthcare places should be expanded and guaranteed.
Detection of Sinkholes and Landslides in a Semi-Arid Environment Using Deep-Learning Methods, UAV images, and Topographical Derivatives
Authors: Kariminejad Narges , Mondini Alessandro , Hosseinalizadeh Mohsen , Golkar Foroogh , Pourghasemi Hamid Reza
Published: May 2023

Sinkholes and landslides occur when parts of a soil collapse mainly in more gentle or steeper slopes respectively, both often triggered by intensive rainfall. These processes often cause problems in the hilly regions in the “Golestan province” of Iran, and their detection is the essential aim for this research. The production of soil landforms maps is typically based on visual interpretation of aerial and satellite images eventually supported by field surveys. Recent advances in the acquisition of images from “unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)” and of “deep learning (DL)” methods inherited from computer vision have made it feasible to propose semi-automated soil landforms detection methodologies for large areas at an unprecedented spatial resolution. In this study, we evaluate the potential of two cutting-edge DL segmentation models, the vanilla “U-Net model” and the “Attention Deep Supervision Multi-Scale U-Net” model, applied to “UAV”-derived products, to map landslides and sinkholes in a semi-arid environment, the “Golestan Province” (north-east Iran) Results show that our framework can successfully map landslides in a challenging environment (with an F1-score of 69%), and that topographical derivates from “UAV-derived DSM” decrease the capacity of mapping sinkholes of the models calibrated with optical data.
A new Isomorphism Identification Method for Kinematic Chain Based on Exchange and Compare of Lower-Triangle Matrix with Whole Information
Authors: SUN LIANGBO , Liu Xiaocui , Liu Xin , Hong Xixi , Zhang Deping , Pei Houchang
Published: May 2023

Isomorphism identification is an important step and costs major counting labor (more than 90%) in kinematic chain (KC) structure synthesis, many isomorphism identification methods have been proposed by researchers in past decades. The identification principle is simple and easy to be understood, the result has no objection, and the programming is simple and efficient, these are main criterions for isomorphism identification method. A new Matrix with Whole Information (MWI) has been proposed to describe the structure information of KC, and the principles of determining multiple joints and polygonal links are also proposed. Based on the principle that the Lower Triangular Matrix with Whole Information (LTMWI) can uniquely express the structure of KC, a new isomorphism identification method, based on the exchange and compare of LTMWI is proposed. This method is based on the law of exchange of links’ numbers and key points’ numbers, and two KCs are expressed by LTMWI, in which one LTMWI is selected as the datum matrix, the key points are arranged in different groups and non-zero elements of key points are moved forward, the definite and indefinite key points are obtained, under the assumption that all key points in the same positions have the mapping relationships one-to-one between exchange matrix and datum matrix, a finite number of exchange matrices are generated and compared with datum matrix, then isomorphism can be drawn. This method has the advantages such as simple principle, easy to program and only analysis and comparisons are needed in the identification process. The isomorphism identification results and the mapping relationships of links and even revolute pairs can all be obtained. The isomorphic analysis results of several KCs have shown the above characteristics of this method.
Construction prediction model for mine operation unsafe behavior
Authors: JIANG Xidi , ZHONG Shuheng , Liang jialu
Published: May 2023

Mine accidents are mostly caused by people's unsafe behaviors. To reduce unsafe behaviors and accidents in mine operation, this paper takes mine employees as the research object, analyzes the implementation subject "human" of unsafe behaviors, constructs the human behavior model SMAPP and its simulation process framework from five aspects of human emotion, motivation, ability, personality, and pressure, and simulates different scenarios with fuzzy rules. The simulation results are in agreement with the actual research results, which indicates the reliability and scientificity of the model. In addition, additional events are added in the simulation process to make the model more practical. Through the simulation results, the influence of employees' emotions, motivation, ability, personality, and pressure on the performance of unsafe behavior in mine operations is analyzed, and the measures to reduce the unsafe behavior in mine operations are further proposed.
Contribution to the characterization and valuation of a mixture of clay and dune sand for road construction
Authors: OUSLIMANE Noureddine , BAREBITA Hanane , BENSALAH Jaouad , BELFAQUIR Mustapha
Published: May 2023

In dry and hot regions like Morocco, the most expansive soils are clays or marl whose “normal” state is dry and dense.The problems created by these floors in the field of construction are mainly due to the swelling of the floors.We have chosen for this reason to focus our work on the swelling of clay soils which consists in evaluating the influence of the addition of dune sand and exploiting it in geotechnical studies, to stabilize and modify the physical-chemical characteristics and mechanical at different percentages of compressibility, swelling, and consolidation, through oedometric tests.Treated and untreated samples are compacted to the optimum water content (WOpt) and maximum dry density (γDmax). The results of the compressibility tests show that the reconsolidation stress as well as the consolidation of the treated samples is higher than that of the untreated sample, it was also found that the dune sand reduces the compressibility index (Cc), and swelling (Cg),It can be said that stabilization by dune sand significantly improves the mechanical characteristics of the clay studied. The exploitation of the materials studied and to present a clean and profitable alternative in the field of road construction.
U.S. cities’ integration and evaluation of equity considerations into climate action plans
Authors: Caggiano Holly , Kocakusak Diren , Kumar Pranay , Tier Melissa
Published: May 2023

While cities in the United States play an active role developing and implementing climate policy, urban centers are often sites of socio-spatial inequity. Thus, we explore how cities grapple with these inequities in their Climate Action Plans (CAPs). While CAPs can empower cities to address Sustainable Development Goals and engage in equitable planning practices that prioritize marginalized communities, little empirical research examines how equity goals are measured and evaluated. We find that among large U.S. cities with CAPs, less than one third include measurable indicators to evaluate progress towards achieving equity goals. Across climate adaptation and mitigation planning, nineteen cities consider equity goals as they relate to ten thematic areas, outcomes, and five dimensions of equity. We suggest ways forward for cities to develop, implement, and measure a diverse and holistic set of equity indicators to use in their climate planning efforts and beyond.
A Machine Learning Approach to Seizure Detection in a Rat Model of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy
Authors: Kotloski Robert J.
Published: May 2023

Epilepsy is a common neurologic condition frequently investigated with rodent models, with seizures identified by electroencephalography (EEG). Given technological advances, large datasets of EEG amenable to machine learning approaches for identification of seizures are widespread. While such approaches have been explored for human EEGs, machine learning approaches to identifying seizures in rodent EEG are limited. We utilized a predesigned deep convolutional neural network (DCNN), GoogLeNet, to classify images for seizure recognition. Training images were generated through multiplexing spectral content (scalograms), kurtosis, and entropy for two-second EEG segments. Over 2200 hours of EEG data were scored for the presence of seizures, with 95.6% of seizures identified by the DCNN and a false positive rate of 34.2% (1.52/hr), as compared to visual scoring. Multiplexed images were superior to scalograms alone and a DCNN trained specifically for the individual animal was superior to using DCNNs across animals. For this dataset the DCNN approach is superior to an algorithm utilizing total variation following wavelet decomposition. We demonstrate the novel use of a predesigned DCNN constructed to classify images, utilizing multiplexed images of EEG spectral content, kurtosis, and entropy, to rapidly and objectively identifies seizures in a large dataset of rat EEG with high sensitivity.
Concurrent occurrence of a de novo MACF1 mutation and an inherited 16p13.11 microduplication in a preterm neonate with multiple congenital malformations, hypotonia, excessive joint activity, feeding difficulties and respiratory problems：a case report
Authors: Mi Lanlan , Yao Ruen , Guo Weiwei , Wang Jian , Zhang Guoqing , Ye Xiuxia
Published: May 2023

Background Microtubule action crossing factor 1 (MACF1) is a large specific protein that plays an important role in regulating cytoskeleton dynamics, cell migration, growth and differentiation. 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome has various manifestations, mainly including neurodevelopmental and physiological phenotypic abnormalities caused by 16p13.11 chromosome copy number duplication. There are currently no reports of a patient experiencing both a de novo MACF1 mutation and a hereditary 16p13.11 microduplication simultaneously.
Case presentation In the present report, we describe a female preterm neonate Chinese patient who demonstrated features of neonates with duplication in this region included developmental delay, respiratory problems, feeding difficulties, hypotonia, excessive joint activity and multiple congenital malformations. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified a pathogenic mutation in MACF1(c.15266T>C / p. Met5089Thr) isolated from peripheral blood DNA. 16p13.11 microduplication(chr16:14,916,289-16,315,688) was also revealed by chromosomal microarray analysis, which was inherited from mother. The right hand of the patient was a penetrating palm, which was first reported in 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome.
Conclusions The patient's global developmental delay, severe hypotonia, respiratory problems, feeding difficulties are mainly attributed to de novo MACF1 and the involvement of maternal 16p13.11 duplication may exacerbate these conditions. The patient's multiple malformations are believed to be the result of 16p13.11 duplication. Gene testing for patients with complex phenotypes can provide clues for clinical diagnosis and a reference for patients and their families for genetic counseling.