bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of promising varieties of Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) at different fertility levels under rainfed conditions
Authors: DHANANJAI SINGH  , ARVIND KUMAR  , R.P. SINGH
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 1996 97 and 1997 98 at the Crop Research Centre, Pantnagar, to study the effect of different fertility levels on yield attributes, seed yield, haricots index, oil content and oil yield of promising Brassica varieties. Brancheslplant (31.86), seed weightlplant (4.75 g), 1,000 seed weight (4.4 g), seeds/siliqua (9.7) and seed yield (1,350 kg/ ha) were highest in PBC 9221 ( Kiran ) of Brassica carinata A.Braun whereas harvest index (1 6.7%) was lower in this variety. Oil content of Kranti Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. Cosson was higher but oil vield was higher in BC 9221 Brassica carinata. Variety DLSC 1 had higher FUE (N) (43.6) and Kranti recorded lower (1.7) FUE (N) compared with PR 8988 . With each successive increase in fertility level up to 125% of the recommended, the FUE (N) increased. With the application of fertilizer, oil content decreased and, contrary to it, oil yield increased owing to higher seed yield of pronounced yield contributing attributes.
Response of rainy season onion (Allium cepa) to sowing methods and weed management practices
Authors: N.M. SUKHADIA  , B.B. RAMANI  , M.G. DUDHATRA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 1997, 1999 and 2000 on Vertisols of Gujarat Agricultural University, Junagadh, to evaluate methods of sowing and weed management practices in rainy season onion. The results indicated that transplanting proved better than broadcast. To manage weed problem, Oxidiazon 0.75 kglha or Oxyfluorfen 0.24 kglha as pre emergence application along with 1 hand weeding 40 days after transplanting (DAT) days after sowing (DAS) as well as conventional practice of 2 hand weddings (at 20 and 40 DATJDAS) proved most effective, efficient and economic.
Integrated weed management in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum)
Authors: B.S. GILL  , G.S. RANDHAWA  , S.S. SAlNl
Published: December 2023

To evaluate to the performance of different herbicides and integrated weed control treatments in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) field trial was conducted during the winter season of 1997 98 and 1999 2000. Hand weeding, followed by pendimethalin 0.75 kgtha gave maximum seed yield and it was statistically at par with 2 hand weddings, pendimelhalin 0.75 kgtha hand weeding and fluchloralin 1.25 kgtha, but was significantly better than all alone herbicides and the control. Weed population was maximum in the control and it decreased in all weed control treatments. The number of seedstpod and 1,000 seed weight improved in integrated weed control treatments, hand weeding and fluchloralin 1.25 kgtha compared with the control.
Influence of irrigation and fertilizer levels on growth, seed yield and water use efficiency by fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)
Authors: ASHOK KUMAR  , RANBIR SINGH  , R.K. CHHILLAR
Published: December 2023

The field experiment was conducted during 1997 99 at New Delhi, to study growth, seed yield and water use by fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) under various levels of irrigation and fertilizer. Application of 3 irrigations at branching flowering and seed filling stages, being at par with 2 irrigations at branching and seed filling stages, was superior to the remaining irrigation levels for umbels1 plant, seedslumbel, seed yield /plant and seed yieldha. Water use and water use efficiency were maximum with 3 irrigations at branching, flowering and seed fillillg and 2 irrigations at branching and seed filling stages treatments respectively. Recommended dose of fertilizers and half of recommended dose of fertilizers with FYM 10 tonneslha being similar, recorded taller plants and more brancheslplant, umbelslplant, seedslumbel, seed yieldlplant and seed yieldha. Highest water use and water use efficiency and 1,000 seed weight were also recorded with the recommended dose of fertilizers.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and economics in maize (Zea mays) wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system
Authors: S. K. PATHAK  , S. B. SINGH  , S. N. SINGH
Published: December 2023

A long term manurial trial initiated in 1983 at tila i3irsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, was selected for this investigation during 1997 98 and 1998 99 to evaluate efficacy of organic sources, viz. farmyard manune (FYM), rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw and green leaves of kharif (Pongamia pinnata Pierre) in organo inorganic combinations in maize (Zea mays L.) wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori Paol.) cropping system. At the inception of the experiment during 1983, the soil was loam in texture, slightly acidic in reaction having low organic carbon content and medium status in available N, P and K. Growth parameters, yield attributes, yield and economics of maize were the best in substitution of 25% of the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) through FYM, while in wheat crop these parameters had the best reflection in treatment involving 50% substitution of RDF through FYM in maize 100% RDF in wheat. Wheat equivalent yield for the whole system established superiority of the 50% substitution of RDF through FYM in maize 100% RDF in wheat, followed by 25% RDF substitution through FYM in maize 75% RDF in wheat over all other treatments.
Growth, yield and economics of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) as influenced by intercrops and sulphur application
Authors: DAYANAND  , N.L. MEENA?
Published: December 2023

----
Programa MAIS INGLÊS MT
Authors: Faltz Taborelli Juliana , Pereira de Oliveira Caroline
Published: December 2023

O Programa Mais Inglês MT foi lançado pela Secretaria de Estado de Educação – SEDUC de Mato Grosso em 2022, visando tornar, em dez anos, o Mato Grosso um estado bilíngue. Neste trabalho objetivamos relatar o funcionamento do Programa nas escolas públicas, analisando dados de desempenho dos alunos e comparando-o com as normativas de ensino de língua inglesa. Como aporte teórico utilizamos a Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC e o Documento de Referência Curricular para Mato Grosso (Caderno Pedagógico de Língua Estrangeira). Também serão usados autores que dialogam sobre a formação continuada docente, bem como teóricos que versam sobre o ensino de língua inglesa em contexto de escola pública.
การยอมรับของผู้บริโภคต่อผลิตภัณฑ์ผลิตภัณฑ์ชามะดันใบเตยหอมใช้ Stevia ให้ความหวานแทนน้ำตาล
Authors: มะโนกิจ รัตนาภรณ์ , คำแดง อรอุมา , งามสมโภชน์ เภาวรินทร์ , เผือกผ่อง พรพิมล , พึ่งคำ อรวรรณ , สิงห์แก้ว เกรียงศักดิ์
Published: December 2023

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาการยอมรับของผู้บริโภคที่มีต่อผลิตภัณฑ์ชามะดันใบเตยหอมโดยใช้หญ้าหวานให้ความหวานแทนน้ำตาลโดยใช้วิธีการเลือกกลุ่มตัวอย่างแบบบังเอิญ ( Accidental sampling ) ใช้กลุ่มผู้บริโภคทั่วไปจำนวน   100    คน           ณ มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลธัญบุรีและบริเวณหอพักนักศึกษาบริเวณพื้นที่ใกล้เคียงมหาวิทยาลัย ผลการศึกษา พบว่า ผู้ตอบแบบสอบถามส่วนใหญ่เป็นเพศหญิง ร้อยละ 74  มีอายุระหว่าง 15-24 ปี ร้อยละ 78 ส่วนใหญ่เป็นนักศึกษา ร้อยละ 81 มีรายได้ต่อเดือนต่ำกว่า 10,000 บาท ร้อยละ 70 ปัจจัยหลักที่ใช้ตัดสินใจในเลือกซื้อชา คือ ราคา ร้อยละ 55 ชอบรับประทานชาที่มีรสหวาน ร้อยละ 45 ชาผลไม้รสเปรี้ยว ร้อยละ 32 มีเหตุผลในการดื่มชาเพื่อสุขภาพ ร้อยละ 43 รองลงมาจะดื่มเพื่อความสดชื่น ร้อยละ 20 การยอมรับต่อผลิตภัณฑ์ชามะดันใบเตยหอมโดยใช้หญ้าหวานให้ความหวานแทนน้ำตาล ผู้ทดสอบให้คะแนนความชอบต่อ สี กลิ่น รสชาติ ความรู้สึกหลังกลืน และความชอบโดยรวม มีคะแนนเฉลี่ย 7.10 7.20 7.00 7.06 และ 7.25 ตามลำดับ ผู้บริโภคยอมรับผลิตภัณฑ์ชานี้ ร้อยละ 98 หากมีการวางจำหน่ายจะซื้อร้อยละ 70
Perfil demográfico educacional dos preceptores de um hospital universitário na cidade de Manaus/AM
Authors: Silva Christiane Rodrigues , Braga Ferreira Gleide Elane , Martiniano Sahdo André Louis
Published: December 2023

A residência médica é considerada o padrão-ouro dos cursos de especialização e capacitação profissional, e devido a carência de estudos com preceptores na região norte surgiu a necessidade de caracterizar estes profissionais. O objetivo foi determinar o perfil demográfico e educacional dos preceptores dos programas de residência médica do hospital universitário, a atuação e o conhecimento de metodologias ativas de aprendizagem. Foi realizado um levantamento descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (CAAE: 64129422.4.0000.5020), com aplicação de questionário online disponibilizado pela Plataforma Google Forms ® aos preceptores do Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas (HUGV/UFAM). Participaram 128 preceptores, média de 48,06 ± 14,14 anos; 51% gênero feminino; 57% com mais de 15 anos de serviço; 49,21% com carga laboral de 20-40 h/semanais; 51,56 % em regime estatutário e 46,09 % com pós-graduação stricto sensu. A maioria não fez treinamento específico para a função (57 %) ou adota metodologias ativas de ensino e aprendizagem (65%), referindo falta de tempo para capacitação (85%), apesar do interesse na área. A média da idade corresponde a preceptores experientes, trabalhando em regime estatutário, geralmente com mais de 15 anos de atuação, onde o tempo de experiência influencia positivamente a qualidade da preceptoria. Possuem pós-graduação stricto sensu, característica de países em desenvolvimento, porém negam capacitação pedagógica no ensino médico. Os participantes se assemelham ao perfil demográfico dos demais estudos, de modo geral relatando dificuldades na atualização da área de ensino médico, apesar do interesse em atividades ligadas à docência.
Dificuldades de aprendizagem em Matemática (DAM): levantamento de Teses e Dissertações no período de 2006 a 2019
Authors: Silva Renata Aparecida da , Darsie Marta Maria Pontin , Feistel Roseli Adriana Blümke
Published: December 2023

Este artigo apresenta o mapeamento de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de dissertações e teses publicadas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação em universidades públicas e privadas no Brasil. Foram analisadas 15 dissertações e 2 teses publicadas no período de 2006 a 2019. A análise da pesquisa é qualitativa-interpretativa. O objetivo visou mapear estudos já realizados no âmbito educacional na categoria Educação Matemática (Dificuldades de Aprendizagem em Matemática), para subsidiar investigações futuras delimitando novos campos de investigações. Entre os resultados encontrados, sobre o termo Dificuldade de Aprendizagem em Matemática, percebemos que em relação à sua conceituação, são utilizados de maneira ampla, referindo-se aos fatores orgânico, neuronal e pedagógicos. Entre as lacunas, observamos uma carência de trabalhos voltados para a realização de estudos bibliográficos com temáticas que envolvam o campo das dificuldades de aprendizagem em Matemática provenientes de fatores pedagógicos e a formação de professores pedagogos que ensinam Matemática no Ensino Fundamental.
SG2 düşük alaşımlı ilave metal kullanılarak tel ark eklemeli imalat yöntemi ile üretilen silindirik parçanın mekanik özelliklerinin araştırılması
Authors: ALTUN Kürşat Uygar , ÇAĞLAR Ercan , AYAN Yusuf , KAHRAMAN Nizamettin
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada, son yıllarda kullanım alanları ve önemi giderek artan eklemeli imalat tekniklerinden tel ark eklemeli imalat yöntemi (TAEİ) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada düşük alaşımlı çelik olan SG2 gazaltı kaynak teliyle silindir şeklinde parça üretimi yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı standart olarak temin edilemeyen boruların istenilen ölçülerde tel ark eklemeli imalat yöntemiyle üretilmesidir. Üretim işlemlerinde MIG-MAG kaynak yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Üretilen parçadan alınan numunelere mekanik ve metalürjik testler uygulanmıştır. Mekanik özellikleri belirlemede çekme ve sertlik testleri, metalürjik özellikleri belirlemede ise makro/mikro yapı çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Çekme testi 3 farklı numune grubuna (direk alındığı haliyle, sadece frezelenmiş numune, frezelenmiş+standart çekme numunesi) uygulanmıştır. Çekme testinde numune grubuna göre değişen sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Numunelerin mikroyapılarında ağırlıklı olarak poligonal ferrit yapısı gözlemlenmiştir. Üretilen numuneden ölçülen ortalama sertlik değerinin yaklaşık 166 HV olarak ölçülmüştür.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF COMPOSITE FLOUR MADE FROM WHEAT AND PLANTAIN PEEL
Authors: Y O ESAN , A A FAMUWAGUN , O T ADELEYE
Published: December 2023

The need to find potential food uses of plantain peel, which is a major waste product of plantain fruits necessitated the development of flour blends using wheat flour and plantain peel. The plantain peel flour (PPF) was blended with wheat flour (WF) in the ratio of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30 and 0:100 of PPF and WF. The flour blends were analysed for proximate composition, functional properties, mineral composition and colour parameters. The results of the proximate composition ranged between 6.68 to 6.86%, 3.00 to 3.16%, 0.88 to 1.21%, 3.40 to 9.25%, 1.00 to 1.13% and 78.7 to 84.7% for moisture, ash, fat, protein, fibre and carbohydrates respectively. The Mineral composition of the samples ranged between 0.75 to 7.30 mg/g for Iron, 2.60 to 7.77 mg/g for Sodium, 1020.90 to 1044.10 mg/g for Potassium, 188.50 to 1917.80 mg/g for Magnesium, and 14.65 to 137.95 mg/g for Calcium. The results of the bulk density ranged from 0.57 to 0.76 g/ml, water absorption capacity ranged from 1.23 to 3.43 g/ml and the swelling capacity ranged from 1.25 to 2.16 g/ml. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in ‘L*’ (lightness), ‘a*’ (redness) and ‘b*’ (yellowness) with increase in the PPF. In conclusion, the results obtained showed a detectable amount of nutrients, significantly higher amount of minerals and functional properties that could favour industrial utilization. The excellent contribution of the plantain peel to the overall nutritional properties of the flour blends suggests the potential utilization of the peel as ingredients in food.
The Relationship between Personality and Psychological Well-Being with the Mediation of Positive Affectivity in High School Students
Authors: Kashanian Amir Ashkan , Sheikhpour Mahmoud
Published: December 2023

Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality and psychological well-being with the mediation of positive affectivity in high school students. Methods and Materials: The research method was descriptive-correlational. Data collection tools included the short form of the NEO five-factor inventory, the Ryff psychological well-being scale (1989) and Watson and Tellegen's Affectivity Scale (1985). The statistical population of the current research was all the male and female students of the first secondary level of the 5th district of Tehran in the academic year 2021-22; according to the Morgan sampling table, 370 students were selected as a statistical sample by random sampling and the questionnaires were distributed among the people. Structural equation model (SEM) was used to analyze the data and it was analyzed by SPSS and AMOS software. Findings: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between all dimensions of personality and mental well-being in secondary school students, but there is a negative and significant relationship between emotional distress and mental well-being. Also, positive affect significantly plays a mediating role in these relationships, so that it has a positive and significant relationship with all dimensions except neuroticism, and it has a significant negative relationship with neuroticism. Conclusion: Therefore, it is suggested to identify the level of positive emotion and personality of students by conducting standard tests in schools and to improve their psychological well-being.
Structural Equation Modeling of the Relationship between Spiritual Iintelligence and Corona Anxiety with the Mediation of Depression
Authors: Tabatabaee Zavare Seyyed Amirhossein , Nasrollahi Bita
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Today, identifying the factors related to depression as well as mental injuries caused by various biological, social, cultural, political crises, etc., is very important in order to perform better in various fields of prevention and dealing with these injuries and disorders. Purpose: Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the relationship between spiritual intelligence and anxiety caused by Corona as a traumatic global crisis with the mediation of depression. Method: The current research is a descriptive study using the correlation method, which was carried out in the form of statistical analysis of the structural equation model. The statistical population of this research is all university students or graduates living in Tehran, from this statistical population, by calculating the sample size of 420 people using the formula to determine the sample size based on Cohen's effect size and including 20 dropouts, a total of 440 people are sampled by sampling method. Available options were selected. The tools used in this research are: King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008), DASS-21 Questionnaire (1995), Corona Anxiety Questionnaire by Alipour et al. (2018). Findings: The findings of the present study showed that spiritual intelligence has a direct effect on depression and also an indirect effect on corona anxiety with the mediation of depression variable. Conclusion: According to the findings of the current research, it can be concluded that spiritual intelligence is one of the factors affecting depression and anxiety of Corona; Therefore, this concept can be used to prevent and deal with the mentioned disorders.
The Quantitative Method for Following Radiologic Healing in Endodontic Retreatment; 1-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: YILMAZ Serkan , DÜZGÜN Salih
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the changes in the internal bone structure at the periapical bone regions after retreatment in endodontics using fractal analysis method on periapical radiographs.

Materials and Methods: 29 single-rooted, asymptomatic, single-visit retreatment teeth with apical lesion were included in the study. All teeth included in the study were selected from the maxilla anterior region. Periapical radiograph (T0) was taken for baseline diagnosis at the start of retreatment. Second periapical follow-up radiograph (T1) of the patients was taken at the end of 1 year. The first evaluation phase of the 1-year results of endodontic retreatment is based on the periapical index (PAI). Fractal dimension (FD) was calculated by box-counting method. The paired-sample t-test was used to compare T0 and T1 FDs. The independent samples t-test was employed to compare FD changes between the sexes. The significance level was set to 0.05.

Results: PAI scores were found to be statistically significantly decreased in T1 radiographs compared to T0 (p
An Oversampling Technique for Handling Imbalanced Data in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Periodontitis
Authors: ALTINGÖZ Sema Merve , BAKIRARAR Batuhan , ÜNSAL Elif , KURGAN Sivge , GÜNHAN Meral
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Periodontitis has been suggested to be associated with several systemic diseases and conditions including obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, chronic renal disease, respiratory disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a collection of impairment and is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Our study is aimed to handle MetS unbalanced data using the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) to increase accuracy and reliability.

Materials and Methods: Six metabolic syndrome patients and 26 systemically healthy subjects with periodontitis were recruited in this study. Clinical parameters (Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP)) were obtained, smoking status and body-mass index (BMI), systemic diseases, fasting glucose levels, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and serum advanced glycation end-products (AGE) levels were recorded by one examiner. First, the data was pre-processed by removing missing values, outliers and normalizing the data. Then, SMOTE technique was used to oversample the minority class. SMOTE works by creating synthetic data points that are similar to the existing minority class instances. The experimental dataset included numerous machine learning algorithms and assessed accuracy using both pre- and post-oversampling methods.

Results: Our findings suggest that by increasing the sample size of a study, researchers can gain more accurate and reliable results. This is especially important when studying a population with a lower sample size, as the results may be skewed.

Conclusion: SMOTE may result in over fitting on numerous copies of minority class samples.
Effects of Different Surface Treatments on Flexural Strength of Zirconium Oxide Cores
Authors: GÜNEY Ümit , TUĞUT Faik
Published: December 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different surface treatments on the biaxial flexural strength of zirconia and to determine phase transformation before and after sintering.
Materials and Methods: 150 cylindrical specimens with the dimensions 15 mm diameter and 1,3 mm height were obtained from semi-sintered Y-TZP blocks. These specimens were randomly separated into subgroups; sandblasting, Er:YAG laser, Nd:YAG laser, Er:YAG laser+sandblasting, Nd:YAG laser+sandblasting, fine grain bur, coarse grain bur. Half of the semi-sintered Y-TZP samples were treated before sintering and the others were treated after the sintering procedures. No treatment was performed in control group. Biaxial flexural strength test was performed to all samples. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) were performed to identify transformed monoclinic phase. The data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Man Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test (p<0,05).
Results: Specimens that were treated before sintering had lower biaxial flexural strength. The highest biaxial flexural strength values in all groups were seen in sandblasting groups and the lowest in grinding groups. According to the XRD analysis the highest phase transforme was determined in sandblasting groups. Sandblasting, Er-YAG laser+sandblasting and Nd-YAG laser+sandblasting were greatly increased the biaxial flexural strength of all the surface treatments after sintering. All the sandblasting treatments were found more monoclinic phase was found than other groups.
Conclusions: Surface treatments were found to affect both the mechanical properties and phase changes of zirconia.
Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Career Planning of a Group of Dentistry Students
Authors: GÜRLEYÜK Ali Cantürk , ENİNANÇ İlknur , YELER Defne
Published: December 2023

Objective. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the
career planning and specialization preference of a group of Turkish dentistry students and the
factors affecting this.

Materials and Methods. 305 volunteer students from X University Faculty of Dentistry
participated in the study. A questionnaire consisting of 44 open-ended and multiple-choice
questions was sent to the students. In the survey, before and during Covid-19 career plans,
specialization preferences and the factors affecting them were questioned.

Results. With the Covid-19 pandemic, 23.3% of the students changed their career plan and
24.6% of them changed their field of specialization. In career planning, it was preferred to
work in the private sector after the pandemic. While the most preferred specialty was Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery before the pandemic, the department with the highest increase after the
pandemic was Endodontics.

Conclusions. The Covid-19 pandemic affected the career and specialty preferences of
dentistry students, factors such as working conditions, financial return, and employment
opportunities, rather than aerosol and increased risk of contamination, were effective in this
change.
Sedimentology and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the late Pleistocene deposits along the Bizerte Coast, N-E Tunisia
Authors: Wided Sahli , Saadi Jalila , Adel Klai , Kamel Regaya
Published: December 2023

The N–E Tunisian coast (Bizerte region) shows several Quaternary sedimentary archives of middle to late Pleistocene age. Sedimentological analyses carried out (grain size, morphoscopy, exoscopy, petrography, mineralogy, and fossil content) on 12 sections reveal a succession that begins with infratidal deposits attributed to the last Interglacial period, followed by intertidal, continental (palaeosol) and/or aeolian deposits (aeolianites). The arrangement of these deposits, their lithological characteristics and their faunal contents are the basis for a palaeoenvironment reconstruction and estimation of palaeoclimatic conditions. A warmer climate and a high sea level characterize the beginning of this interval, followed by a sea level fall accompanied by an alternation of humid and arid climate. This alternation is reflected by intercalations of the palaeosol levels between the aeolian deposits.
Contamination and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in soils of different kinds of land use in Lithuania
Authors: Valskys Vaidotas , Ignatavičius Gytautas , Wołkowicz Stanisław , Satkūnas Jonas , Hassan Howlader Rahidul
Published: December 2023

Using the case of five different kinds of land use from different territories of Lithuania, this study assesses the level of contamination and human health risk assessment of arsenic (As), and heavy metals (HMs) such as cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr) in the surface soil of the study areas. Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) analysis indicated that heavy Cd contamination occurred in agricultural territory (AT), while for As, no contamination to mild contamination occurred in all territories. For living territory (LT), green territory (GT) and technical territory (TT), Igeo readings for Cu showed no pollution to moderate pollution, while there was no pollution for natural territory (NT) and AT. For AT, there is no contamination from Zn or Cr. By contrast, Igeo values for Zn and Cu represent minimal to no pollution in the remaining territories. As in LT and Cd in AT, two of the HMs discovered, were deemed to be of medium risk, whereas other components fell into the permitted range. Among three different routes to exposure, it was discovered that the ingestion pathway was the main health risk. The Hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) values for As, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Cr were lower than the suggested limit (HI = 1), indicating minimal non-carcinogenic risk to inhabitants in the study regions. The carcinogenic risk values for As (1.12E-04 children), Cd (2.20E-04 children), and Cr (2.35E-04 children) in AT pose a risk to children’s health when ingested. The GT’s carcinogenic readings for Cr (1.02 E+00 adult), put adults at risk of developing cancer, whereas As (1.89E-04) and Cr (2.28E-04) in LT put children at risk of cancer and for TT, both adults and children were at risk due to Cr’s higher carcinogenic values (1.93E-04 for adults and 5.21E-04 for children).
Mineralogy and geochemistry of Cu-Ni±Co±Ag±Bi polymetallic ores from the Hintermühlergang vein in the Chełmiec deposit, Sudetes Mountains, Poland
Authors: Muszyński Kacper , Pršek Jaroslav , Mederski Sławomir , Drzymała Aneta
Published: December 2023

Chełmiec is a hydrothermal vein-type carbonate-sulphide deposit in the Kaczawa Mountains, where polymetallic Cu-Ni±Co±Ag±Bi mineralization occurs. Samples, collected from an old dump of the Hintermühlergang vein, were studied by reflected light microscopy and electron microprobe. Two mineral parageneses, Ni-Co±Bi and Cu-Zn-Pb±Sb±Ag, associated with two stages of precipitation, were discovered in samples from the Chełmiec deposit. The first stage is associated with quartz, and is represented by pyrite, arsenopyrite, gersdorffite, cobaltite, bismuth minerals (native Bi, bismuthinite, and matildite), pyrrhotite, marcasite and chalcopyrite. The second stage associated with siderite and quartz is represented by sulphides (sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, pyrite), tetrahedrite group minerals [tetrahedrite-(Fe), tetrahedrite-(Zn), tennantite-(Zn), and argentotetrahedrite-(Fe)], gersdorffite and bournonite. Two generations of sulpharsenides were discovered in the samples studied. The first is represented by massive gersdorffite-cobaltite aggregates, the second generation occurs as tiny zoned gersdorffite crystals. Sulpharsenides are characterized locally by presence of high amounts of As (up to 1.55 apfu). Silver in the Chełmiec ores is hosted mainly in tetrahedrite group minerals [from 0.07 to 2.07 apfu in tetrahedrite – (Zn) and -(Fe), and from 4.37 to 4.90 apfu in argentotetrahedrite-(Fe)], less in matildite. In the Sudetes, the presence of massive sulpharsenides is rare, whereas freibergite is much more common.
[What requirements for geothermal heat pump systems for heating & cooling]
Authors: Cerutti Paolo , Fattor Moreno
Published: December 2023

In termini più sintetici rispetto a quanto già fornito in precedenti numeri di questa rubrica relativamente agli impianti geotermici a pompa di calore per la climatizzazione, si ripropongono nel seguito alcuni presupposti ed alcuni obiettivi aggiornati che, se condivisi, potrebbero essere un utile riferimento per l’aggiornamento degli strumenti normativi vigenti e per l’impostazione di quelli in divenire...
 
[Article in Italian]
The neural and physiological substrates of real-world attention change across development.
Authors: Amadó Marta Perapoch , Greenwood Emily , Ives James , Labendzki Pierre , Haresign Ira Marriott , Northrop Tom J. , Phillips Emily A.M. , Viswanathan Narain K. , Whitehorn Megan , Jones Emily J.H. , Wass Sam V.
Published: December 2023

The capacity to pay attention underpins all subsequent cognitive development. However, we understand little about how attention control is instantiated in the developing brain in real-world settings. We recorded naturalistic attention patterns, together with autonomic arousal and brain activity, in 5- and 10-month-old infants during free play. We examined whether changes in autonomic arousal and brain activity associate with changes in moment-by-moment attentional engagement, and whether they anticipate attention changes, or follow on from them. Early in infancy, slow-varying fluctuations in autonomic arousal forward-predicted attentional behaviours. Later in infancy, fluctuations in fronto-central theta power after but not before an attentional shift associated with changes in infants’ attentiveness, predicted the length of infants’ attention durations and modulated changes in arousal. Together, our results suggest that the modulation of real-world attention involves both arousal-based and cortical processes and what changes with developmental time is how these lower- and higher-order endogenous factors modulate real-world attention. As attentional systems mature, stronger associations emerge between attentional behaviour, cortical activity, and autonomic arousal.
Rule-based modulation of a sensorimotor transformation across cortical areas
Authors: Chang Yi-Ting , Finkel Eric A , Xu Duo , O'Connor Daniel H
Published: December 2023

Flexible responses to sensory stimuli based on changing rules are critical for adapting to a dynamic environment. However, it remains unclear how the brain encodes and uses rule information to guide behavior. Here, we made single-unit recordings while head-fixed mice performed a cross-modal sensory selection task where they switched between two rules: licking in response to tactile stimuli while rejecting visual stimuli, or vice versa. Along a cortical sensorimotor processing stream including the primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory areas, and the medial (MM) and anterolateral (ALM) motor areas, single-neuron activity distinguished between the two rules both prior to and in response to the tactile stimulus. We hypothesized that neural populations in these areas would show rule-dependent preparatory states, which would shape the subsequent sensory processing and behavior. This hypothesis was supported for the motor cortical areas (MM and ALM) by findings that (1) the current task rule could be decoded from pre-stimulus population activity; (2) neural subspaces containing the population activity differed between the two rules; and (3) optogenetic disruption of pre-stimulus states impaired task performance. Our findings indicate that flexible action selection in response to sensory input can occur via configuration of preparatory states in the motor cortex.
Clustered synapses develop in distinct dendritic domains in visual cortex before eye opening
Authors: Leighton Alexandra H , Cheyne Juliette E , Lohmann Christian
Published: December 2023

Synaptic inputs to cortical neurons are highly structured in adult sensory systems, such that neighboring synapses along dendrites are activated by similar stimuli. This organization of synaptic inputs, called synaptic clustering, is required for high-fidelity signal processing, and clustered synapses can already be observed before eye opening. However, how clustered inputs emerge during development is unknown. Here, we employed concurrent in vivo whole-cell patch-clamp and dendritic calcium imaging to map spontaneous synaptic inputs to dendrites of layer 2/3 neurons in the mouse primary visual cortex during the second postnatal week until eye opening. We found that the number of functional synapses and the frequency of transmission events increase several fold during this developmental period. At the beginning of the second postnatal week, synapses assemble specifically in confined dendritic segments, whereas other segments are devoid of synapses. By the end of the second postnatal week, just before eye opening, dendrites are almost entirely covered by domains of co-active synapses. Finally, co-activity with their neighbor synapses correlates with synaptic stabilization and potentiation. Thus, clustered synapses form in distinct functional domains presumably to equip dendrites with computational modules for high-capacity sensory processing when the eyes open.
Actividad administrativa de fomento y zonas de tratamiento tributario especial
Authors: Cespedes Rodrigo , García Jaime
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo analiza la actividad estatal de fomento, propia del Estado contemporáneo; examina particularmente el caso tributario en el contexto del principio de no-discriminación. Finalmente, se concentra en los beneficios otorgados a ciertas zonas extremas de Chile, como las zonas francas, la Ley Pascua o la Ley Navarino. Estos tratos especiales se justifican por su objetivo de lograr un desarrollo territorial armónico.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Fen Okuryazarlıkları ile Aşı Tereddütleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: YALÇIN Paşa , EKER Hakan , ALTUN YALÇIN Sema
Published: December 2023

Bilim ve teknolojinin hayatımızın her alanına nüfuz ettiği çağımızda; çevre, (hava, su ve topak) kirliliği arttı. Nükleer, termik, hidroelektrik, fosil enerji kaynakları ve bunların yan etkileri ile bulaşıcı hastalıklar; AIDS (Edinsel Bağışıklık Yetersizliği Sendromu), EBOLA, KUŞ GRİBİ, KKKA (Kırım-Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi) çok daha yaygınlaştı. Teknolojinin olumsuz gelişmeleri, çevre sorunları ile mücadele etmek ve hastalıklara karşı aşılama gibi önleyici konularda makul kararlar alarak sorunlar ile başa çıkabilmenin en iyi yolu nitelikli fen okuryazar bireyler yetiştirmektir. Ayrıca küresel bir sorun haline gelen COVID-19’a karşı en büyük silah olarak güvenilir aşı görülmekle birlikte aşıların hızlı ve yeterli miktarda üretilmesi, dağıtılması, planlanması ve üretilen aşıların yüksek oranda uygulanarak toplumsal bağışıklığın sağlanması gerekmektedir. Geliştirilen aşıların yüksek oranda uygulanmasını etkileyen faktörlerden birisi de aşı tereddütüdür.

Bu araştırmada lisan son sınıf öğrencilerinin fen okuryazarlık düzeyleri ile aşı tereddüttü arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaçla Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin orta ölçekli bir ilinde bulunan üniversitesinin Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören 235 lisans son sınıf öğrencisine "Fen Okuryazarlık Ölçeği" ve "Pandemilerde Aşı Tereddütü Ölçeği" gönüllülük esasına göre ve etik kurallara uygun olarak uygulandı. Veriler, SPSS 25,0 programı ile analiz edildi. Araştırma nicel araştırma desenlerinden tarama (tanımlayıcı) ve ilişki arayıcı araştırma şeklinde gerçekleştirildi. Elde edilen veriler kullanılarak hedef kitlenin fen okuryazarlık düzeyleri ile aşı tereddütleri arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak incelendi. Öğretmen adaylarının aşı tereddüt düzeylerinin ortalama düzeyde olduğu ve fen okuryazarlık düzeyleri ile aşı tereddütleri arasında düşük düzeyde ve negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulundu.
Efficacy of Single-site versus Two-site Phacotrabeculectomy in Primary Open-angle Glaucoma: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sreelakshmi Pallamreddy , Devi Nookala Gyana Prasoona , Deepthi Solasa , Damdamraju Murali Krishna , Sandhya Cheedella
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The prevalence of co-existing cataract and glaucoma is increasing in the adult population. Combined surgeries have become more popular. However, there is a conflict over which technique provides the best Intraocular Pressure (IOP) control with good postoperative outcomes. Aim: To compare the efficacy of single-site versus two-site phacotrabeculectomy with mitomycin-C in patients with Primary Open-angle Glaucoma (POAG) and cataract. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, S.V. Medical College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India, over a period of one year from January 2019 to January 2020. A total of 50 cases of POAG coexisting with cataract were analysed in the present study. Twentyfive cases were included in each group (Group-1 and Group-2). Phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy were both performed through a superior scleral tunnel in the single-site approach. The two-site method combines a superior trabeculectomy with a temporal clear corneal phacoemulsification. A concentration of 0.2 mg/mL of MMC was applied in both groups for three minutes. Patients were followed-up for three months after surgery to evaluate Intraocular Pressure (IOP), the need for antiglaucoma medication, and postoperative best-corrected Visual Acuity (VA). Comparative analysis was done using the Student’s t-test, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Throughout the three-month duration, the patients were monitored. In the single-site group, the average preoperative IOP was 21.880±8.4079 mmHg, which significantly decreased to 11.16±9.95 mmHg after three months (p<0.001). In the twosite group, the corresponding figures were 22.640±6.3040 and 10.8±1.19 mmHg, respectively (p<0.001), with no discernible statistical distinction between the two groups (p=0.486). At the final follow-up, the number of antiglaucoma medications was 0.24±0.5 in the single-site group compared to 0.16±0.24 in the two-site group. The mean postoperative Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) did not exhibit any significant variation between the two groups. Furthermore, there was no disparity in the occurrence rate of complications between the two groups. Conclusion: Both single and two-site phacotrabeculectomy led to a significant reduction in IOP and improvement in BCVA. The final IOP was similar in the two procedures, although the twosite group needed less glaucoma medication. As both surgical procedures are equally effective, the choice of procedure remains at the discretion of the surgeon.
Сток реки Лены и климат моря Лаптевых в голоцене:новые реконструкции по микропалеонтологическим данным, "Природа"
Authors: Клювиткина Т.С. , Полякова Е.И. , Новичкова Е.А.
Published: December 2023

Представлены результаты реконструкций летней солености и температуры поверхностных вод моря Лаптевых в голоцене. Реконструкции выполнены по данным анализа микроводорослей (диатомей и цист динофлагеллят) в осадках грунтовой колонки, полученной в юго-восточной части моря Лаптевых. Установлены интервалы перераспределения стока по рукавам дельты Лены, а также эпизоды возможных похолоданий в среднем и позднем голоцене.
«Морские крокодилы» в мезозое Европейской России, "Природа"
Authors: Зверьков Н.Г. , Архангельский М.С.
Published: December 2023

В юрских и нижнемеловых отложениях европейской части России найдены ископаемые остатки крокодиломорф талаттозухий (Thalattosuchia). Некоторые из них удалось отнести к родам, известным из других регионов мира. Расчет палеоширот для местонахождений показал, что находки из России расположены преимущественно между 44° и 50° северной широты, следовательно принадлежат наиболее северным представителям данной группы.
«…Наслаждаясь прохладным ветром и звездным небом с Орионом прямо над головой» Из дневника Ф. Г. Добржанского 1949 г. Бразилия, "Природа"
Authors: Конашев М.Б.
Published: December 2023

Публикация дневниковых записей Феодосия Григорьевича Добржанского — выдающегося российско-американского генетика, эволюциониста, энтомолога, — сделанных весной 1949 г. во время поездки по Бразилии с целью изучения генетической изменчивости в природных популяциях нескольких видов плодовой мушки Drosophila и определения особенностей ее экологии и поведения. В этих записях, так же как в записях во время других экспедиций, Добржанский предстает не только как натуралист и путешественник, но как человек, которого глубоко и живо, по-настоящему интересует образ жизни, в том числе быт, нравы и взгляды тех людей, с которыми он встречался в дороге, а также культурная, социальная и политическая обстановка тех мест, где он бывал.
ПОМОЩНИКИ ПРИСЯЖНЫХ В РЕМЕСЛЕННЫХ И ТОРГОВЫХ КОРПОРАЦИЯХ РЕЙМСА
, "Средние века"
Authors: Кириллова Е.Н.
Published: December 2023

Регламенты ремесленных и торговых корпораций Реймса XV–XVIII вв. позволяют детально представить новых должностных лиц этих профессиональных сообществ, помогавших присяжным в управлении: клерков, прежних присяжных, счетоводов, старейшин, слушателей счетов. С XVI в. они стали необходимы не только для крупных, но и для небольших корпораций. В работе охарактеризованы их обязанности, права, ответственность, правила их назначения или выборов в разных профессиональных сообществах Реймса. Их появление объясняется развитием корпораций как организаций и как самоорганизующихся сообществ.
СТУДЕНЧЕСКИЙ КРУГЛЫЙ СТОЛ «К 100-ЛЕТИЮ Ю.Л. БЕССМЕРТНОГО» (ЗАМЕТКИ УЧАСТНИКА), "Средние века"
Authors: Савин Л.В.
Published: December 2023

В статье представлен обзор и личные впечатления участника круглого стола «К 100-летию Ю.Л. Бессмертного», состоявшегося в Москве 2 марта 2023 г. В ходе мероприятия (в докладах и дискуссиях) были поставлены и обсуждены важные вопросы, которые касались как биографии и научного творчества Юрия Львовича Бессмертного, так и исследовательских проблем и тем, которые входили в сферу научных интересов выдающегося советского и российского медиевиста.
QUOD NON IRETUR AD TANAM. КАРПОВ С.П. ИСТОРИЯ ТАНЫ (АЗОВА) В XIII–XV ВВ. СПБ.: АЛЕТЕЙЯ, 2021. Т. 1: ТАНА В XIII–XIV ВВ. 378 С. , "Средние века"
Authors: Еманов А.Г.
Published: December 2023

В рецензии анализируется концепция становления и развития полиэтничного и мультиконфессионального города на границе западной и восточных цивилизаций – Таны (Азака) в устье Дона. Его бурный рост пришелся на время глобальных потрясений – климатического пессимума, Великой пандемии середины XIV в., начавшейся в империи Юань и по Великому шелковому пути распространившейся на Запад, заката старой тысячелетней талассократии Византии, подъема новых талассократий Венеции и Генуи, разворачивания кровопролитных морских войн между ними за право контроля мировых товарных потоков через Тану, смут, раздиравших, казалось бы, еще недавно прочные империи – Трапезундскую и Газарии, как в итальянских документах той эпохи называли Золотую Орду. Тана (Азак) представляла собой объединение на одной территории нескольких урбаносубъектов, отделенных крепостными стенами и рвами – венецианскую и генуэзскую фактории с правами экстерриториальности и с консулами во главе, греческий, армянский, славянский, аланский и еврейский кварталы с элементами самоуправления, а также татарский Азак, центр улуса с резиденцией бека, казной и монетным двором.
СЭР ДЖОН ФЕРН И ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ АНТИКВАРНОГО НАРРАТИВА О NOBILITAS, "Средние века"
Authors: Хоменкова В.Ю.
Published: December 2023

В статье рассматривается трактат тюдоровского герольда, юриста и парламентария сэра Джона Ферна «Блазон знатности в двух частях» в контексте формирования традиции рассуждения о nobilitas и о «социальном» в целом, закрепление которой принято связывать с антикварным историописанием. Предполагается, что спектр сюжетов и вопросов, касающихся знатности, предлагаемый Ферном, служил своеобразной матрицей для последующих трактатов о знати, создававшихся с привлечением технологий антикварного дискурса. В то же время, несмотря на то, что текст Ферна питал более позднюю антикварную традицию, в сочинениях раннестюартовских теоретиков его построения подвергались переосмыслению и значительно трансформировались. В представлении Ферна структура nobilitas имела относительно гомогенный характер и восходила к метафизическим и этическим истокам, определявшим ее преимущественно как статичную систему. В антикварном дискурсе, при формально сохраняющемся единстве знати, обозначенном в тексте Ферна, акцент смещается в сторону «иерархии достоинств», а границы знати приобретают более ярко выраженный функциональный характер. В текстах раннестюартовских теоретиков структура nobilitas дополняется динамическим измерением, что находит отражение в последовательной историзации ими явлений (титулов и достоинств) и способствует, таким образом, «рождению социального».
Устойчивость составных нелинейно-упругих плит с высокопористой основой и преднапряженными однородными покрытиями, "Наука юга России"
Authors: Шейдаков Д.Н. , Михайлова И.Б. , Лыжов В.А.
Published: December 2023

Работа посвящена исследованию устойчивости составных нелинейно-упругих плит, которые являются распространенными элементами конструкций. Рассмотрена бифуркация равновесия трехслойной круглой плиты при радиальном сжатии и прямоугольной плиты при двухосном растяжении и сжатии. При этом предполагалось, что средний слой плит (основа) выполнен из высокопористого материала, а верхний и нижний слои (покрытия) однородны, предварительно деформированы и содержат внутренние напряжения. При их моделировании в ходе данного исследования применен оригинальный подход: для описания поведения пористой основы использованы определяющие уравнения нелинейного микрополярного тела, а поведение покрытий изучено в рамках классической теории упругости. Это позволило более подробно учитывать влияние микроструктуры материала на потерю устойчивости. С использованием представлений определяющих соотношений относительно разных отсчетных конфигураций в случае модели физически линейного материала получены линеаризованные уравнения равновесия, описывающие поведение составных плит с высокопористой основой и преднапряженными однородными покрытиями в возмущенном состоянии. С помощью специальных подстановок исследование устойчивости трехслойной круглой и прямоугольной плит сведено к решению линейных однородных краевых задач для систем обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений. В результате проведенного численного анализа для плит с основой из плотной полиуретановой пены и покрытиями из поликарбоната установлено, что предварительное растяжение покрытий стабилизирует рассмотренные деформации плит в целом, в то время как влияние предварительного сжатия покрытий негативно.