bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá được Nxb Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật tái bản
Authors: Hoàng Vương Quân
Published: July 2021

Sau hơn 12 năm lưu hành, tháng 7-2021, Nhà xuất bản Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật đã cho tái bản cuốn sách Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá. Đây là lần in lại đầu tiên của cuốn sách tại đúng nơi khai sinh nguyên thủy, năm 2009.
The impact of spatially varying ice sheet basal conditions on sliding at glacial time scales
Authors: Gowan Evan , Hinck Sebastian , Niu Lu , Clason Caroline , Lohmann Gerrit
Published: July 2021

Spatially variable basal conditions are thought to govern how ice sheets behave at glacial time scales (>1000 years) and responsible for changes in dynamics between the core and peripheral regions of the Laurentide and Fennoscandian ice sheets. Basal motion is accomplished via the deformation of unconsolidated sediments, or via sliding of the ice over an undeformable bed. We present an ice sheet sliding module for the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) that takes into account changes in sediment cover and incorporates surface meltwater. This model routes meltwater, produced at the surface and base of the ice sheet, towards the margin of the ice sheet. Basal sliding is accomplished through the deformation of water saturated sediments, or sliding at the ice-bed interface. In areas with continuous, water saturated sediments, sliding is almost always accomplished through sediment deformation. In areas with incomplete cover, sliding has a stronger dependence on the supply of water. We find that the addition of surface meltwater to the base is a more important factor for ice sheet evolution than the style of sliding. In a glacial cycle simulation, our model causes a more rapid buildup of the Laurentide Ice Sheet.
Training self-other distinction facilitates perspective taking in young children
Authors: Kampis Dora , Duplessy Helle Lukowski , Askitis Dimitris , Southgate Victoria
Published: July 2021

People sometimes commit ‘egocentric errors’, failing to ignore their own perspective when interpreting others’ communication. Training imitation-inhibition, when participants perform the opposite action from another person, facilitates subsequent perspective-taking in adults. This study tested whether imitation-inhibition training also facilitates perspective-taking in 3-6-year-olds, an age where egocentric perspective may be particularly influential. Children participated in a 10-minute imitation-inhibition, imitation, or non-social-inhibition training (white, n=25 per condition, 33 female, period: 2018-2021), then the communicative-perspective-taking Director task. Training had a significant effect (F(2, 71) = 3.316, p = .042, η2 = .085): on critical trials the imitation-inhibition-group selected the correct object more often than the other groups. Imitation-inhibition training specifically enhanced the perspective-taking process possibly by highlighting the distinction between self and other.
Leaked Expressions Captured with Wearable High Resolution Facial Electromyography
Authors: Granoviter Omer , Hanein Yael
Published: July 2021

Facial-expressions play a major role in human communication and provide a window to an individual’s emotional state. While facial expressions can be consciously manipulated to conceal true emotions, very brief leaked expressions may occur, exposing one’s true internal state. Leaked expressions are therefore considered as an important hallmark in deception detection, a field with enormous social and economic impact. Challengingly, capturing these subtle and brief expressions has been so far limited to visual examination (manual or machine-based), with almost no electromyography evidence. In this investigation we set to explore whether electromyography of leaked expressions can be faithfully recorded with specially designed wearable electrodes. Indeed, using soft multi-electrode array based facial electromyography, we were able to record localized and brief signals in individuals instructed to suppress smiles. The electromyography evidence was validated with high-speed video recordings. The recording approach reported here provides a new and sensitive tool for leaked expression investigations and a basis for improved automated systems.
Inklusive Exklusion durch Religion in Indien – hindu-nationalistische Tendenzen als Alarmsignal für die Weltgemeinschaft am Beispiel der National Education Policy
Authors: Lang-Wojtasik Gregor
Published: July 2021

Mit dem Entwurf National Education Policy von 2019 werden bildungspolitische Rahmenvorgaben für ganz Indien vorgelegt. Diese läuten einen Paradigmenwechsel der nach eigenem Bekunden größten Demokratie der Welt ein. Ideologische Argumentationen der hindu-nationalistischen Regierungspartei stellen die seit der Unabhängigkeit des Subkontinents säkularplurale Demokratie in Frage. Verfassungsmäßig garantierte Einheit in Vielfalt soll durch inkludierenden Hindu-Nationalismus ersetzt werden. Dadurch werden jene ausgeschlossen, die dieser Ideologie nicht folgen wollen. Welthistorisch implizierte Höherwertigkeit wird mit zivilisatorischen Anfängen im Indus-Tal begründet. Der Beitrag ordnet exemplarische Aspekte des Themas systematisch für aufgeklärte Weltbürger/-innen in- und außerhalb Indiens, die sich ihrer historischen Verantwortung bewusst sind.
Association between dietary intake, physical activity and stress level with constipation among undergraduate students
Authors:   Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia., Yusop Nor Baizura Md. , Yasin Nor Qubbul Ain Mohamed ,   Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Constipation is one of the most common health problems among university students. This study aims to determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics, dietary intake, physical activity, and stress level with constipation among undergraduate students. Methods: The study was a crosssectional study and the participants comprised of 140 undergraduate students (27.9% males and 72.1% females). A 3-day dietary record was obtained to determine energy, fibre and fluid intakes, while physical activity was determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Stress level and constipation were assessed using the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale and Agachan’s Constipation Score System Questionnaire, respectively. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 23. Multivariate linear regression analysis was done to determine factors that were associated with constipation. Results: Mean age of the participants was 20.9±1.5 years old and majority were third year students (32.1%). Mean intakes of energy, dietary fibre, and fluids per day were 1567±438kcal, 5.6±3.5g, and 2301±946ml, respectively. The median score for physical activity was 1135.5 METminutes/week. Most of the participants (77.1%) had a high or a very high stress level and 64.3% had slight constipation. Age, dietary fibre, fluid, energy, and perceived stress scale explained a significant amount of the variance in the occurrence of constipation [F(6.133)=16.373, p<0.001, R2=0.425, R2 Adjusted=0.399]. Conclusion: Age, energy, fluid and fibre intakes, as well as perceived stress were factors that were associated with constipation among undergraduate students. Therefore, undergraduate students should be encouraged to practise a healthy lifestyle to modify these identified risk factors.
Humanitarian knowledge: Genesis and purpose
Authors:   INION RAN, Levit Svetlana
Published: July 2021

The article deals with challenges and issues of humanitarian science, which are reflected in books released in publishing projects. The article highlights the contribution of these publications to the formation of culturology – the science of the XXI century, to the information support of fundamental research in the field of Humanities, to educational processes, and to the revival of interest in the Humanities and social Sciences.
Witches in fairy tales from the brothers Grimm collection «Kinderund Hausmärchen»: attributes and functions
Authors:   INION RAN, Kalkaeva Anna
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to functions and attributes of witches appearing in fairytale plots of «fairytales» from «Children's and Household Tales» by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm. Author compares tales from Grimms’ collection with texts from collections of German demonology folklore, made by researchers of XX century.
«The Poor People» on the waste land: Shevyryov about Dostoevsky
Authors:   INION RAN, Nikolyukin Alexander
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the first comment by S. Shevyryov on Dostoevsky’s novel «The Poor People». Shevyryov came out against the «natural school» presented by V.G. Belinsky and A.I. Herzen and positively denied the partisan view of literature.
The old well forgotten, or Nothing is new under the moon
Authors:   INION RAN, Dushenko Konstantin
Published: July 2021

The article examines the origin of two related maxims: «There is nothing new except what has been forgotten» and «There is nothing new under the moon». The Russian form of the first maxim («The new is the old well forgotten») belongs, probably, to the publicist N.V. Shelgunov. Initially, the first maxim appeared in England and France, and for a long time existed in two versions. The earliest of them (c. 1820) was usually attributed to Rose Bertin, the milliner of Marie Antoinette. The second («There is nothing new but what it has been old») is a quote from Chaucer’s «Canterbury Tales» in Walter Scott’s version («The Adventures of Nigell», 1822). In Germany and Russia, only the first, «Bertin’s version» was in circulation. One of the probable sources of Karamzin’s family sayings «Nothing is new under the moon» was the maxim «Il n’y a rien de nouveau sous la Lune», which appeared at the end of the 17 th century in the novel «Turkish Spy» by Giovanni Paolo Marana.
Perbaikan Perawatan Mesin Rotary Lathe dengan Metode Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) Menggunakan Pendekatan Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
Authors: Kurniawan Didik , Haryono Haryono , Prihatiningsih Tri
Published: July 2021

PT.Kutai Timber Indonesia merupakan perusahaan yang memproduksi produk plywood (kayu lapis) dengan didukung oleh sejumlah mesin dan peralatan yang saling berinteraksi untuk mencapai produktivitas yang optimal. Salah satu mesin utama pada PT. Kutai Timber Indonesia adalah mesin Rotary Lathe yang fungsi utamanya adalah mengolah kayu log menjadi veener. Adapun permasalahan yang ditemukan yaitu tingkat efektifitas mesin Rotary Lathe jika dihitung dengan menggunakan metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) adalah 53,8 %, nilai tersebut masih dibawah standart Word class yaitu 85%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem tersebut dengan metode Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM).Hasil dari analisis, didapatkan bahwa komponen Spur knife, Bearing 6004 RS, Sproket, Chain conveyor, Steel belt lacing, memiliki nilai prioritas terbesar dalam kegagalan sistem (RPN) sehingga membutuhkan perhatian yang lebih dan tindakan pemeliharaan yang tepat. Berdasarkan perhitungan total minimum downtime didapatkan interval pergantian optimum komponen, Sproket, Bearing 6004 RS, Spur knife masing-masing adalah sebesar 69 hari, 22 hari dan 30 hari. tujuan dari pergantian komponen tersebut adalah untuk menjaga reliability atau kehandalan dari mesin Rotary lathe. Dengan menerapkan metode Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) sebagai metode perawatan yang baru, maka dapat dilihat adanya potensi penurunan downtime sebesar 21,5 % pada mesin Rotary lathe.
General characteristics of training programs at different individual and motivational levels of the swimming training system for students of higher education institutions
Authors: Hlukhov I.
Published: July 2021

Within the increasing of practical significance and efficiency of physical education, it is necessary to develop certain methodic thesis and programs of swimming training for students of higher education institutions and to carry out these experimental checks. Purpose: to provide a general description of training programs at different individual and motivational levels of the swimming training system for students of higher education institutions. Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization (it was clarified the degree of disclosure research issues in the scientific and methodological literature), study of documentary materials (it was founded requirements to the structure and content of student swimming training), system analysis (it was detected signs and characteristics of swimming system for students of higher education institutions). Results. Within the methodical part of the swimming training system, we have identified the possibility of using in the natural environment the educational process of physical education for students of four interconnected by type of sequential combination of training programs. This programs cover different levels of individual and motivational orientation of swimming lessons for students of higher education institutions and, accordingly, swimming preparedness. Considering, that the means and methods of swimming are widely known and thoroughly disclosed in the special literature, our attention we turned to setting tasks for individual classes of different, consistently combined programs at the individual and motivational levels of swimming training system students of higher education institutions. Conclusions. Within the implementation of the methodical component of the swimming training system for students of the higher education institutions, it have been identified four individual and motivational levels of classes. For each of these levels it was carried out a selection of goals, tasks, means and methods of training. For students at the first level, the characteristic difference is the presence of a significant fear of being in the water and the lack of ability to swim. For students at the second level - a low level of fear of being in the water and lack of ability to swim. For students at the third level - the presence of skills to stay afloat and swim in any way (original methods without the use of swimming techniques or a separate style of swimming). For students at the fourth level - the possession of swimming skills and the desire to engage and improve techniques in the future.
The Results of Experimental Testing of Physical Therapy for women of the First adult age after treatment of Coronavirus Disease
Authors: Donets Ihor , Kolomyichenko Oleg , Ljudmyla Rusyn , Babych Nataliia , Sadovska Iryna , Kliuka Andrii , Vlasko Stanislav
Published: July 2021

Today it is important to develop Modern and Effective Methods, Programs, Models of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy for various groups, including women 1 adult age (21-35 years) after treatment of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). The main Purpose of the Researching is to determine the Effectiveness of Experimental Methods of Physical Therapy for women 1 adult age (21-35 years) after treatment of Coronavirus Disease COVID-19. During the Empirical Researching, the following Methods were used: abstraction, analysis and synthesis, Expert evaluation, induction and deduction, Modeling, Mathematical and Statistical, etc.

As a result of empirical Research, members of the Research group determined the effectiveness of Experimental Methods of Physical Therapy for women 1 adult age (21-35 years) after treatment of Coronavirus COVID-19. Given the Results of a comparative Analysis of the Dynamics of Recovery of motor skills (development and improvement of basic Physical Qualities of women in the study category), it is possible to conclude that our Method is Effective and Balanced. This Restores the ability of women of 1 adult age (21-35 years) after treatment with Coronavirus COVID-19. Prospects for Further Research in the chosen area of Research include the development of a Program of Physical Rehabilitation of female students of Higher Education Institutions after treatment of Coronavirus Disease in the System of their Physical Education.
Fitness training as the mean of improving the physical fitness of high skilled football players
Authors: Lisenchuk Gennadii , Khmelnitska Irene , Kokareva Svitlana , Bogatyrev Konstantin , Tupeev Yulai , Leleka Vitalii , Boretska Natalia
Published: July 2021

The results of physical fitness level of highly skilled football players in the preparatory and competitive periods of the annual macrocycle are presented. The study involved 34 players of Football Club “Zorya” (Lugansk city) aging from 20 to 30. In the annual cycle of football players training season 2018/2019, the training process was carried out in accordance with the current program. An experimental program was used in the first and second preparatory periods of the annual training cycle in the season 2019/2020. Insufficient efficiency of the traditional program of physical training of highly skilled football players in the preparatory and competitive periods of the annual training cycle has been established. The athlete’s training level was marked by optimal indicators of readiness only by tests that characterized the explosive strength and joint flexibility. Experimental program was developed in order to increase the efficiency of the training process of highly skilled football players. The main feature of this program was the use of three innovative methods of modern fitness training: MAX®, Tabata, HIIT. Functional classes that based on the use of step platforms were offered instead of classical aerobics classes. The results of the physical fitness testing of FC “Zorya” football players at the end of the preparatory periods of the 2019/2020 season indicated a significantly better level of athlete’s readiness for the next competitive periods comparing to the corresponding periods of the previous season. Experimental program effectiveness was confirmed by the results of the FC “Zorya” team in the championship of the Ukrainian Premier League 2019/2020.
Criteria for evaluation of educational achievements of primary school students with positional disorders in physical education lessons
Authors: Lukiianchuk Valentyn
Published: July 2021

The article substantiates the need to assess the success of junior high school students in physical education classes. The system of pedagogical control of coordination abilities of junior schoolchildren with postural disorders is presented, which objectively reflects the health effectiveness of physical education lessons in grades 1-4 and determines the quality of the process of motor training of students with musculoskeletal pathology. Given that coordination abilities and posture are interrelated, because since the mechanism of their development involves the same morphofunctional and psychophysiological indicators of the body, and informative strength and flexibility in forming a stereotype of posture, criteria for assessing the development of coordination skills, and as well as control tests and standards for assessing the strength of the muscular corset and flexibility of the spine of primary school children with posture defects. The choice of motor tests is related to the focus of exercise on the development of coordination skills, and also takes into account the informativeness of the strength of the muscular corset and the mobility of the spine. Objective criteria for assessing the academic achievements of students with postural disorders in physical education classes: in the motivational, cognitive and activity spheres are determined. There are three levels of academic achievement of student youth: low, medium, high. In an effort to achieve complete certainty in the establishment of a particular level, qualitative characteristics have been developed that allow to objectively assess the health effects of physical education lessons for students with posture defects.
General functions of the concept of play activity in physical education of preschool children
Authors: Pasichnyk Viktoriya , Pityn Maryan , Hlukhov Ivan , Drobot Kateryna
Published: July 2021

Child-centered education seeks to purposefully use play activities in the educational process, as it creates an atmosphere of psychological comfort for preschool children, and due to its natural qualities, this phenomenon is endowed with great pedagogical potential that promotes the development of physical, mental, social, spiritual personality. Purpose of the article: characterize the backbone functions of the concept of playfulness in the physical education of children of the preschool age. Methods of preliminaries: theoretical analysis and publicity of literary sources, induction and deduction, abstract, interpretation, classification and systematization. Result: the day is visibly the day and the day of the playfulness in the educational process of everyday life to the foundation of preschool education. The function is assigned as a category of the system approach. Vona is represented by independent authorities and their assigned descriptions of the system of gaming activity at the boundaries of physical education to the foundation of preschool education, which is guilty of working for the achievement of public awareness. Prior to the group of foreign functions of the concept of game performance at the basis of physical development of the preschool education, it was introduced, which is an attribute of belonging, proponated by us on audio looks, and the value of the Up to the whole group of functions, the development, entertaining, communication, diagnostics, correction and socialization have been obtained.
Load planning in the preparation of highly qualified powerlifters in the competitive period of the macrocycle
Authors: Roztorhui Mariia , Gangur Oleksandr , Olіjarnik Volodymyr , Gavrilenko Mykola
Published: July 2021

The analysis of scientific and methodical literature confirms the fragmentary consideration of a problem of planning of loading of athletes in classic powerlifting that is connected with identification of preparation of athletes in equipped and classic divisions. The results of athletes in classic powerlifting are identical to the results of some weight categories in the equipment division. Despite the rapid dynamics of results, the scientific justification for building the training of athletes in classic powerlifting is based on the achievements of scientists in the field of weightlifting or equipment powerlifting. The purpose is to identify the features of load planning in the training of highly qualified powerlifters in the competitive period of the macrocycle. To solve this goal, we used the following research methods: analogy, analysis, synthesis, abstraction, induction, extrapolation, generalization of practical experience, analysis of documentary materials, methods of mathematical statistics. The study revealed the following patterns in load planning in the training of highly qualified powerlifters in the competitive period of the macrocycle: inverse dependence in planning the volume and intensity of the load in training, which is a gradual increase in intensity against the background of the load as you approach the main competitions; nonlinear planning of loading in microcycles in separate groups of exercises on the basis of application of big indicators of intensity of loading in one group of exercises and average and small intensities in two other groups; reducing the intensity of the load in the groups of exercises as you approach the main competitions in accordance with the number of muscle groups involved during the performance of these exercises.
YOLSUZLUK SOSYAL HARCAMALARI AZALTIYOR MU? GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELER İÇİN BİR ANALİZ
Authors: ÇETİN İrem
Published: July 2021

Kamusal gücün özel çıkar amacıyla kullanılması olarak tanımlanan yolsuzluk, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde daha yaygın olarak görülmekte, bu çerçevede, söz konusu ülkelerin ekonomik büyüme, yoksulluk ve gelir eşitsizliği sorunları ile mücadele performansına zarar vermektedir. Yolsuzluk bütçe dengesini ve kamu harcama bileşimini bozmakta, bu doğrultuda gelişmekte olan ülkelerin iktisadi hedefleri açısından büyük önem taşıyan sosyal harcama düzeyi üzerindeki etkisi önem taşımaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmada, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yolsuzluğun sosyal harcamalar üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, yolsuzluğun gelişmekte olan ülkelerde sosyal harcama düzeyini negatif yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yolsuzluk, Sosyal Harcama, Panel Veri Analizi.
İnsan Haklarının ve Temel Özgürlüklerin İhlaline Yönelik Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Farkındalık Durumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: HAREKET Erdem
Published: July 2021

Bu araştırmada Türkiye’nin çeşitli üniversitelerinde öğrenim görmekte olan sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının, insan hak ve özgürlükleri noktasında ulusal ve uluslararası ölçekteki ihlallere, bunların neden dinamiklerine ve bu ihlallerin önlenmesi noktasındaki önerilerine yönelik farkındalık durumlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya, ölçüt örneklem yöntemi ile belirlenmiş 702 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımına uygun olarak tasarlanan araştırmada veriler, katılımcılar tarafından oluşturulmuş olan yazılı dokümanlar ile elde edilmiştir. Edinilen nitel veriler içerik analizi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları incelendiğinde katılımcıların, küresel çerçevede en çok yaşam hakkı, eğitim hakkı, çocuk hakları, ayrımcılıktan korunma ve vücut bütünlüğü ve dokunulmazlığı hakkının ihlal edildiğini, ülkemiz özelinde ise küresel çerçevede belirtilen bu ihlal alanlarına ilaveten yoğun olarak cinsel dokunulmazlık hakkının, düşünce ve ifade hürriyeti hakkının, şiddetten korunma hakkının, adil yargılanma ve savunma, özgürlük ve güvenlik, siyasal haklar, eşitlik ve basın hürriyeti haklarının ihlal edildiği belirtilmiştir. Bu ihlallerin gerekçelerine yönelik olarak ise ekonomik sebeplerin, geleneksel anlayışların, örf ve adetlerin, politik çıkar çatışmalarının, kamu yönetimindeki antidemokratik uygulamaların, plansız nüfus politikalarının, eğitim sistemlerindeki eksikliklerin ve yanlış politikaların işaret edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada ayrıca ülkemizde yaşanan insan hak ve özgürlük ihlalleri konusunda katılımcılar arasında önemli düzeyde bir konsensüsün mevcut olduğu sonucuna da ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları doğrultusunda, öğretmen adaylarının küresel ve yerel çerçevede mevcut olan insan hak ve özgürlük ihlallerine ilişkin belirli bir farkındalığa sahip oldukları, bununla birlikte insan hakları ve özgürlüklerine ilişkin konularda eğitim ihtiyaçlarının varlığına yönelik değerlendirmeler ortaya koydukları görülmüştür.
Organisatorische Public Private Partnerships: Bestandsaufnahme, Entwicklungsmuster und Forschungsperspektiven
Authors: Papenfuß Ulf
Published: July 2021

In der Diskussion um Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) zur effektiven und effizienten Erfüllung öffentlicher Aufgaben besitzen organisatorische PPP hohe Relevanz. Jedoch wird von verschiedener Seite als Forschungslücke betont, dass anders als für vertragliche PPP keine hinreichenden Erkenntnisse zur Anzahl und Ausgestaltung von organisatorischen PPP vorliegen. Die durchgeführte Bestandsaufnahme bei allen Landeshauptstädten und den jeweils fünf nächstgrößten Städten aller Bundesländer sowie der Stadtstaaten zeigt auf der Basis von 97 Beteiligungsberichten, dass bei der Einbindung der Privatwirtschaft in die öffentliche Aufgabenwahrnehmung deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Bundesländern, Städten und Politikfeldern bestehen. In den Organisationsstrukturen tritt hervor, dass private Unternehmen häufig nicht an unmittelbaren Beteiligungen der öffentlichen Hand Anteile erwerben, sondern an mittelbaren Tochter- oder Enkelgesellschaften. Bei den Landeshauptstädten ist im Vergleich der Jahre 2011 und 2000 ein Rückgang der unmittelbaren organisatorischen PPP zu verzeichnen. Die Anzahl der mittelbaren organisatorischen PPP bleibt dagegen konstant hoch. Angesichts der Steuerungsherausforderungen und der einschlägig benannten Steuerungsdefizite sollten Forschung und Praxis insbesondere auch die von der öffentlichen Hand beherrschten mittelbaren organisatorischen PPP verstärkt analysieren.
Dimensions of Discretion: Specifying the Object of Street-Level Bureaucracy Research
Authors: Hupe Peter
Published: July 2021

At the street level of the state public policies get their final form and substance. This being so, discretion is a key concept. The goal of this article is to specify discretion as a research object in the study of street-level bureaucracy. Therefore the theoretical views on discretion prevalent in juridical and other disciplines are explored. Discretion appears to be a multi-faceted concept. This finding has consequences for the analysis of discretion in the explanation of what happens in street-level bureaucracies.
„Die Griechen von NRW“. Kommunale Rettungsschirme der Bundesländer
Authors: Stolzenberg Philipp , Heinelt Hubert
Published: July 2021

In Reaktion auf die kommunale Haushaltskrise haben mehrere deutsche Bundesländer so genannte Entschuldungsfonds oder Rettungsschirme für ihre Kommunen eingeführt. Ziel ist eine beträchtliche Reduzierung der Liquiditätsverschuldung und der Abbau jährlicher Defizite. Dazu verpflichten sich teilnehmende Kommunen per Vertrag zu verstärkten eigenen Konsolidierungsanstrengungen im Gegenzug für finanzielle Hilfen aus den Fonds. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Haushaltssituation der kommunalen Ebene im Bundesländervergleich und erörtert Ziele, Höhe und Finanzierungsquellen sowie Teilnahmebedingungen und Sanktionspotentiale der Rettungsschirme. Des Weiteren analysiert der Artikel die Ursachen für die Einführung der Fonds und erörtert ihre Problemlösungskapazität. Aufgrund der einhergehenden Eingriffe in die kommunale Selbstverwaltung wird darüber hinaus die Frage der demokratischen Legitimation der Rettungsschirme thematisiert.
Uji Efek Antioksidan Formulasi Sediaan Sirup Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Jeruk Bali (Citrus Maxima Merr.) Terhadap Malondialdehid Tikus Putih (Rattus Novergicus) Yang Diinduksi Karbon Tetraklorida
Authors: Suryanita Suryanita , Hasma Hasma
Published: July 2021

Free radicals are any molecule or atom that is unstable because it has one or more unpaired electrons. Free radicals that are formed in the body will produce new free radicals through a chain reaction which eventually increases in number and attacks the body's cells so that tissue damage will occur, therefore antioxidants are needed from outside to neutralize free radicals, the salute is grapefruit peel (Citrus maxima Merr.) This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract syrup of grapefruit peel against levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) blood plasma of male white rats induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The stages of this study were the first to make a skin extract syrup. grapefruit peel containing 1% extract (F1), 2% extract (F2), 3% extract (F3), and without grapefruit peel extract (F4) as negative control; Furthermore, testing the stability of the syrup preparations before and after storage was accelerated for 12 cycles, and finally the syrup with the best stability was tested for its lipid peroxidation inhibition activity in vivo with blood plasma MDA levels in rats induced by Carbon Tetrachloride. The results showed the results of the syrup stability test. indicates that F3 has the best stability. As for the in vivo test results, F3 showed a decrease in the MDA level of blood plasma in rats which was significantly different from the negative control. The grapefruit peel significantly decreased the MDA level of the rat blood plasma with a  value p<0.05. Keywords : Free radicals, Grapefruit Peel, Antioxidant, Syrup Preparation, Malondialdehyde (MDA)
Faktor Risiko Penyakit Dekompresi Pada Nelayan Penyelam Di Pulau Barrang Lompo
Authors: Wijaya Dian Rezki , Ekasari Ranti , Widiatuty Lilis , Arranury Zil Fadhilah , Karini Tri Addya
Published: July 2021

Decompression sickness is a disorder or disease caused by the release and increase of gas bubbles from the dissolved phase in blood or tissue due to the pressure drop that is often experienced by diving fishermen. Symptoms include dizziness, joint pain, paralysis, and even death. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of decompression disease in divers in Barrang Lompo Island. This study used a Case-Control Study design. The study population was all divers with 15-64 years of age, either suffering or not suffering decompression sickness. The research subjects were 47 cases and 94 controls obtained by accidental sampling. The results showed that the depth of diving (OR = 2.641; Cl 95% = 1.285-5.428), frequency of diving (OR = 4.067; Cl 95% = 1.939-8.531), and length of diving (OR = 3.872; Cl 95% = 1.657-9.052) were the risk factors of the decompression disease incidence on divers in Barrang Lompo Island. It is suggested to divers and all members who participate in the search to prepare a dive plan according to procedures related to depth, frequency, and duration of dives to reduce the incidence of decompression sickness.
Training on Baung Fish (Mytus Nemurus) Hatchery Techniques for Fish Cultivators in Palembang City, South Sumatra Province
Authors: Muslim Boby , Heryadi Heryadi , Trismawanti Ike , Helmizuryani Helmizuryani , Khotimah Khusnul , Ma’ruf Irkamiawan , Harmilia Elva Dwi , Puspitasari Meika
Published: July 2021

Catfish (Mytus nemurus) is a local fish with high commercial value and used as a food raw material for the traditional food in South Sumatra called pindang. The training aimed to enhance the Fish Farmer Group (Pokdakan) skills in Palembang City, which is part of community service at the Muhammadiyah University of Palembang. The method is divided into two, i.e., presented material and demonstrations, followed by a training program on Mytus nemurus breeding. The training was to produce catfish larvae, increase Pokdakan skills to produce catfish fingerling that improves the economic welfare of aquaculture actors, and increase Pokdakan's awareness of sustainable local fish production.
Community's House Yards Utilization Education in Support of the Green City
Authors: Lensari Delfy , Rosianty Yuli , Yuningsih Lulu , Hustati Sasua , Puspitasari Meika
Published: July 2021

Community awareness was needed in realizing the sustainability of urban life. This community concern can be done in realizing a green city. A Green City is an environmentally friendly city by reducing waste, effectively utilizing water and energy resources, implementing an integrated information system, and synergizing the natural and artificial environment. The purpose of this KKN-55 collaborative service activity is to provide an understanding to the community about planting can help government programs in P2KH (Green City Development Program), participate in protecting the environment and, build community motivation to want to plant trees or other plants in the yard of the house and maintain existing green open spaces. This collaborative service activity between lecturers and KKN-55 students was carried out online on February 20, 2021. The service target is people who live in RT 13 Sriwijaya Village, Tungkal Ilir District, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Jambi Province, both men and women who have home gardens who have a desire to plant. The implementation of this activity was attended by 37 participants enthusiastically which was marked by many questions, participants are also motivated to take advantage of the home page by planting trees, ornamental plants, vegetables, and so on so that they can increase their income.
Современное состояние поверхностных вод бассейна реки Илек в пределах Актюбинской области
Authors: Мендыбаев Е , Атаева Г
Published: July 2021

Научная работа посвящена изучению бассейна реки Илек. В работе дано физико-географическое описание территории бассейна.

В статье рассмотрен гидрологический режим реки Илек и ее основных притоков по результатам экспедиционных наблюдений 2018-2019 гг. В работе приведены результаты химических анализов проб поверхностных вод с ключевых участков наблюдения, заложенных по периметру реки Илек и ее притоков (исследуемой территории). По двухлетнему сбору фактического материала была создана база географических данных по состоянию поверхностных вод для интеграции данных с опубликованными фондовыми материалами, для прогнозирования и моделирования геоэкологического районирования. Также описаны основные источники загрязнения реки Илек, перечислены факторы формирования антропогенных геосистем.
Comparative characteristics of the development and productivity of potato varieties of Kazakhstan selection in the conditions of the North-East of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Toraigyrov University, Anikina I.N. , Kaynidenov N.N. ,   Toraigyrov University, Krasij M.V. ,   Limited liability partnership «Pavlodar agricultural experimental station», Kamarova A.N. ,   Toraigyrov University
Published: July 2021

The article presents a study on the development and productivity of promising potato varieties of domestic selection in the conditions of the North-East of Kazakhstan. This may be since not all varieties when grown in specific climatic zones of Kazakhstan show the qualities declared by the originators of these varieties. Natural and climatic conditions are one of the determining factors, under the influence of which the yield potential of potato varieties is realized. On the basis of the results of the experience, there were identified non-raised varieties, which can be recommended for cultivation in the conditions of the region. Potato Nerli varieties yield characteristics were close to zoned in the area Axor, by the number of tubers in the bush variety ahead of Nerli on 11%, but the number of standard fraction Nerli exceeded zoned variety Axor by 13.6%. The Nerli potato variety can be recommended for cultivation in the conditions of the North-East of Kazakhstan.
Occurrence of juveniles Luvarus imperialis (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Luvaridae) in the Strait of Sicily
Authors: Insacco Gianni , Zava Bruno , Corsini-Foka Maria
Published: July 2021

Two juveniles Luvarus imperialis, astrodermella stage, 97.4 mm and 90.6 mm in total length, were recorded on September 2016 and August 2017 respectively, the first caught by a bottom trawler off the south-eastern coast of Sicily, Strait of Sicily, Italy, the second found
stranded on the beach in the nearby region. Biometrics data of this uncommon species are given and the occurrence of juvenile stages in the Mediterranean area is briefly discussed.
The occurrence of the coronuloid barnacle Chelonibia Leach, 1817 as an encruster on mammalian bone in the central Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Collareta Alberto , Bianucci Giovanni
Published: July 2021

Among the turtle and whale barnacles (Coronuloidea: Chelonibiidae, Coronulidae, †Emersoni-idae and Platylepadidae), the members of the chelonibiid species Chelonibia testudinaria (Linnaeus, 1758) are known as epizoic barnacles that can attach to a rather wide spectrum of substrates (pri-marily sea turtles, crabs and sirenians). At present, three living morphs of C. testudinaria have been recognised; of these,
the less host-specific is the patula morph, which also displays a remarkably simple, unspecialised shell architecture. Here we report on several chelonibiid shells, referred to the patula morph of C. testudinaria, encrusting a cetacean scapula collected from the floor of the Adriatic Sea facing Salento (Apulia Region, southeastern Italy) and tentatively referred to Tursiops
truncatus (Montagu, 1821). This is one of the few records worldwide of a
coronuloid barnacle from an inanimate substrate, as well as the second as an encruster on mammalian bone. Such an unusual occurrence is then briefly discussed in the broader framework of the coronuloid commensalism and substrate habits.
Karakteristik Psikologis Pemain Futsal Kabupaten Sleman dalam Ajang PORDA Yogyakarta Tahun 2019
Authors: Wibowo Antonius Tri , Gupita Erni Cahya
Published: July 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei, dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik psikologis pemain futsal Porda Sleman yang berjumlah 19 pemain.  Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa pemain cabang futsal tim Porda Sleman memiliki karakteristik untuk aspek motivasi dengan rerata (29,9) dengan presentase (75%), masuk dalam kategori (Tinggi). Sedangkan untuk aspek kepercayaan diri pemain PSIM memiliki rerata (29) dengan presentase (83%) masuk kategori (Tinggi). Untuk aspek kontrol kecemasan memiliki rerata (28,6) dengan presentase (81%) dan masuk kategori (Tinggi), aspek persiapan mental memiliki rerata (24) dengan presentase (80%) dan masuk kategori (Tinggi), aspek pentingnya tim memiliki rerata (15) dengan presentase (77%) dan masuk kategori (Tinggi), dan aspek Konsentrasi memiliki rerata (22) dengan presentase (72%) dan masuk kategori (Tinggi).Kata kunci: Karakteristik Psikologis, Pemain Futsal, Porda DIY
TANGGAPAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE MATA PELAJARAN PJOK SEKOLAH DASAR ISLAM TERPADU SEGODOREJO KECAMATAN SUMOBITO KABUPATEN JOMBANG TAHUN AJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Pahlevi Alamsyah Reza , Yunarta Arsika
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan dalam pembelajaran online PJOK di Sdit Segodorejo Kecamatan Sumobito Kabupaten Jombang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan uji deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari sampel sebanyak 98 orang tua murid dan instrumen penelitian berupa kuisioner. Hasil penelitian ini adalah tanggapan orang tua siswa SDIT Segodorejo Sumobito terhadap pembelajaran online secara umum termasuk dalam kategori cukup baik, terbukti dari hasil perhitungan skor tertinggi sebesar 66, skor terendah sebesar 1, nilai mean sebesar 2,36, median 2, dan standar deviasi 0,690.Kata Kunci : Tanggapan Orang Tua, Pembelajaran Online.
Marine Cyclic Dipeptide Cyclo (L-Leu-L-Pro) Protects Normal Breast Epithelial Cells from tBHP-induced Oxidative Damage by Targeting CD151
Authors: KGK Deepak , Kumari Seema , Malla Rama Rao
Published: July 2021

Background: Oxidative stress plays a key role in breast carcinogenesis. Cyclo (L-Leu-L-Pro) (CLP) is a homodetic cyclic dipeptide with 2,5-diketopiperazine scaffold isolated from marine actinobacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the protective activity of CLP and linear - (L-Leu-L-Pro) (LP) from tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced damage using normal breast epithelial cell line model (MCF-12A). Methods: The cytoprotective activity was evaluated by detecting the changes in intracellular ROS, mitochondrial superoxide, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxidation detection assays as well as cytotoxic assays of MTT, LDH assays and phase contrast microscopy. Genoprotective activity was evaluated by (Apurinic/Apyrimidinic) AP site, alkaline Comet, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine assays. Results: The marine cyclic peptide, CLP, significantly protected MCF-12A cells by scavenging tBHP induced intracellular ROS such as super oxide, hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide, and by reducing the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effect compared to LP. Moreover, the results showed that CD151 gene silencing by shRNA significantly reduced the overexpression of CD151, tBHP-induced ROS generation, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in MCF-12A cells. The overexpression of CD151 caused increased levels of cytochrome P450, but was reduced following the application of CD151shRNA and CLP which led to elevated levels of intracellular ROS. Conclusion: In the present study we noticed that CD151 gene silencing by shRNA and treatment with CLP have similar effects on reducing the intracellular ROS. This study uncovers the protective activity of CLP against a CD151-mediated oxidative stress-induced cellular damage. Our observations suggest that the anti-stress and anti-inflammation properties of CLP might have implications in cancer and are worth testing in cancer cell lines and tumor cells.
Average Absorbed Breast Dose (2ABD) to Mean Glandular Dose (MGD) Conversion Function for Digital Breast Tomosynthesis: A New Approach
Authors: Tucciariello ‪Raffaele M , Lamastra Rocco , Barca Patrizio , Fantacci Marine Evelina , Traino Antonio C
Published: July 2021

Background: In this work a new method for the Mean Glandular Dose evaluation in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is presented. Methods: Starting from the experimental-based dosimetric index, 2ABD, which represents the average absorbed breast dose, the mean glandular dose MGD2ABD was calculated using a conversion function of glandularity f(G), obtained through the use of Monte Carlo simulations.Results: f(G) was computed for a 4.5 cm thick breast: from its value MGD2ABD for different compressed breast thicknesses and glandularities was obtained. The comparison between MGD2ABD estimates and the dosimetric index provided in the current dosimetry protocols, following the Dance's approach, MGDDance, showed a good agreement (<10%) for all the analyzed breast thicknesses and glandularities. Conclusion: The strength of the proposed method can be considered an accurate mean glandular dose assessment starting from few and accessible parameters, reported in the header DICOM of each DBT exam.
Tumor Control Probability (TCP) and Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) in Mono and Dual-isocentric Techniques of Breast Cancer Radiation Therapy
Authors: Shirani Tak Abi Kaveh , Habibian Sediqeh , Salimi Marzieh , Shakeri Ahmad , Mojahed Mohammad Mehdi , Gharaati Hussain
Published: July 2021

Background: Nowadays, radiation therapy plays an important role in the treatment of breast cancer. The important point is the optimal control of the tumor along with the protection of organs at risk. This study aims to investigate and compare the radiobiological factors of the tumor and organs at risk in two different radiation therapy techniques of breast cancer.Methods: Ten left-sided breast cancer patients with breast-conservative surgery were selected for this study. Three-dimensional treatment planning was performed using CT scan images of the patients using PCRT 3D software. Two different tangential external beam techniques were compared: first, dual-isocentric technique (DIT) with two isocentre, one on the breast tissue, and the other one on the supraclavicular lymph nodes and second, a mono-isocentric technique (MIT) with one isocentre at the intersection of the tangential and the supraclavicular field. The total prescribed dose was 5000 cGy per 25 fractions. Dose-volume histograms (DVHs), Tumor control probability (TCP), and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) curves were used to compare the dosimetric and radiobiological parameters of the tissues in the prementioned techniques. Results: The results showed that the maximum doses in planning target volume (PTV) with mean values of 109% and 110% in the SI and DIT were not significantly different in both techniques and that they were indeed at the optimum level based on the RTOG 1005 protocol. The dose homogeneity index in MMIT was more than that in DIT, while the conformity index and the mean TCP did not show a significant difference in the two techniques. Furthermore, minimum, mean, and maximum dose in the lung and the probability of pneumonitis decreased in MIT. On the other hand, the maximum dose, the dose of 33%, 66%, and 100% of the heart, and the probability of pericarditis in MIT were lower than the figure in DIT. Conclusion: Due to the absence of hot spots at the intersection of tangential and supraclavicular fields and the reduction of mechanical movements of the coach and collimator in MIT, the superiority of this method was confirmed.