bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linfomas asociados a la infección por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH): Una serie de Casos en La Paz, Bolivia
Authors: Nina Garcia Nelson Miguel
Published: December 2022

Resumen

Objetivo

Describir el perfil clínico y resultados del tratamiento de casos de Linfoma asociado a la infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH).

Métodos

Se condujo un estudio retrospectivo de una serie de casos de linfoma asociado a infección por VIH diagnosticados en el departamento de Hematología del Hospital Materno Infantil, La Paz, Bolivia durante el periodo 2010-2021.

Resultados

Se estudiaron 8 casos, de los cuales 6 (75%) eran del sexo masculino. La media de edad fue de 40,75 años. 7 (87,5%) eran Linfoma no Hodgkin (LNH) y un caso a linfoma de Hodgkin. En 7 casos el diagnóstico de linfoma fue posterior al diagnóstico de la infección por VIH, con un tiempo medio de 4,6 años. El 75% de los casos se presentaron con un estadio avanzado. De los 7 casos de LNH, 5 correspondían al linfoma difuso de células grandes B (DCGB). El tratamiento quimioterápico se inició en todos los casos, solo 3 completaron los ciclos programados principalmente debido a complicaciones infecciosas. Se registraron 4 (50%) fallecimientos, de los cuales 3 ocurrieron en los primeros 4 meses desde el diagnóstico de linfoma.

Conclusiones

En esta serie de casos el LNH fue más frecuente, representado principalmente por el linfoma DCGB, una característica común fue la presentación en estadios avanzados. La quimioterapia no se pudo completar en la mayoría de los casos debido a complicaciones relacionadas con la inmunodepresión, la mitad de los pacientes fallecieron durante el periodo de estudio.
SABAHATTİN KUDRET AKSAL’IN VAV’LAR ÖYKÜSÜNDE KOPUŞ VE KENDİNİ YIKMA EĞİLİMİ
Authors: ORUÇ Sema
Published: December 2022

Sabahattin Kudret Aksal şiir ve tiyatro yazarı olmasının yanı sıra başarılı bir öykü yazarıdır. “Vav’lar” ve “Soyut Oda” isimli öyküleri izlek ve yöntem bakımından birbirlerine yakındır. “Vav’lar” öyküsünün başkarakteri konumundaki Mutasarrıf Abdülmuttalip Bey’in kendini yıkma eğilimi II. Abdülhâmit’in yıkılmasına paralel bir biçimde kullanılarak birey ve toplum arasındaki ilişki canlı tutulmaktadır. Öykü boyunca sebebi açıklanmayan bir gerekçeyle görevden alınan Abdülmuttalip Bey, öykünün sonuna kadar bu gerekçeyi okuyucudan gizleyerek vav’lara sarılır. Bir bakıma gizemci bir geleneği sürdürür. Vav, İslâm sanatında anne rahmine ve çocukluğa dönüşün bir simgesidir. Özne, hayat karşısında tutunamayacağını anlayınca bir kıvrılmayı gerçekleştirerek yeniden ve daha güçlü doğmak üzere anne rahmine dönüşü tercih eder. Bu dönüş vav’laşmadır. Bütün yeteneğini bu doğrultuda kullanarak biricik vav’ı bulmak için aralıksız çizimler gerçekleştirir. Bu, bir bakıma öznenin kendisini yenileme ve dünyalık kaynaklarına yeniden dönme eğiliminin bir yansımasıdır. Başlangıçta en özgün vav’ı bulmak üzere başlayan çizim işlevi, zamanla Mutasarrıf Abdülmuttalip Beyin kendi içine büzülmesine paralel olarak kıvrılmasına neden olur. Kopuşla birlikte öznenin kendini yıkma eğilimi önce nesnelerden sonra da kendinden vazgeçme şeklinde betimlenirken vav’ın seyrekleşmesiyle de öznenin hareket tarzı ve soyutlaşma eğilimi başarılı bir şekilde verilir.
Local Instability Analysis for Axial Compressive Steel Columns
Authors: Nguyen P. C.
Published: December 2022

This study presents a nonlinear analysis method for steel columns considering local instability under axial compression. The stress-strain relationship of steel is developed while considering the effects of local instability utilizing the energy principles. The second-order effects are considered by stability functions, while the plasticity of steel is captured by a fiber finite element method. Nonlinear equilibrium equations are solved by the generalized displacement control method. As a result, the proposed formulations are effective, accurate, and reliable in predicting the load-carrying capacity and local instability of steel columns.
Environmental Noise Reduction based on Deep Denoising Autoencoder
Authors: Azmat A. , Ali I. , Ariyanti W. , Putra M. G. L. , Nadeem T.
Published: December 2022

Speech enhancement plays an important role in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) even though this task remains challenging in real-world scenarios of human-level performance. To cope with this challenge, an explicit denoising framework called Deep Denoising Autoencoder (DDAE) is introduced in this paper. The parameters of DDAE encoder and decoder are optimized based on the backpropagation criterion, where all denoising autoencoders are stacked up instead of recurrent connections. For better speech estimation in real and noisy environments, we include matched and mismatched noisy and clean pairs of speech data to train the DDAE. The DDAE has the ability to achieve optimal results even for a limited amount of training data. Our experimental results show that the proposed DDAE outperformed the baseline algorithms. The DDAE shows superior performances based on three-evaluation metrics in noisy and clean pairs of speech data compared to three baseline algorithms.
Time-Dependent Reliability Assessment of a Continuous I-shaped Steel Beam Considering Corrosion Effects
Authors: Nguyen S. M. , Phan V. L. , Tran N. L. , Nguyen X. H. , Nguyen T. H.
Published: December 2022

Among other fields, climate change has a great influence on metal corrosion that reduces the durability and reliability of steel structures. A time-dependent reliability analysis includes time-dependent climate scenarios and deterioration processes as well as random variables, material properties, and dimensions. The extent of corrosion damage is calculated by tracking the evolution of the corrosion process using Monte Carlo simulations. The current paper presents a time-dependent reliability assessment of a continuous I-shaped steel beam, considering the corrosion effects of climate change in Vietnam. The results showed that the safety probability of a continuous steel beam considering metal corrosion from the pristine to 100 years reduces from 96.77% to 63.08%. These findings can be used to assess and provide a cost-technical analysis of climate adaptation measures.
One-Dimension Finite Element Modeling of Grouted Ground Anchor
Authors: Al-Baghdadi N. H. , Ahmed B. A. , Al-Jorany A. N.
Published: December 2022

In the present research work, a one-dimension finite element model has been developed to simulate both compression and tension types of grouted ground anchors. The steel tendon-grout interface has been modeled by using the local bond-slip model, while the soil-grout interface has been modeled with a series of perfectly elastic plastic springs. The verification of the proposed one-dimension finite element model has been made by comparison of the model results with a three-dimension finite element model developed by commercial finite element software PLAXIS, and with the results of field tests of tension-type grouted ground anchor. A parametric study has been made to study the load-transfer mechanism for both types of anchors, compression, and tension. The compression-type anchor exhibits less displacement than the tension one under the same applied load. The developed strain in the grouted body of the compression-type anchor is much smaller than the tension-type one, regardless of the type of strain.
Performance Analysis of Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells with Backwall Superstrate Configuration Using AMPS-1D
Authors: Mouhoub A. , Khaled F. , Bouloufa A.
Published: December 2022

This study used AMPS-1D to peform numerical simulations and model the behavior of back-wall superstrate solar cells based on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin films to investigate optimal conditions and obtain maximum efficiency. The effects of absorber thickness and density of interface defects were examined along with the work function of the transparent conductive oxide (WTCO) to investigate their influence on the output parameters. Measurements of device performance (J-V) and Quantum Efficiency (QE) showed that the performance of the cell improved as the thickness of the CIGS layer decreased because photons were absorbed near the junction. The device achieved an efficiency of 16.4% using an optimal thickness for the CIGS layer on the order of 0.3µm, defect densities in the range of 1013-1015cm-3, doping concentration of the n-TCO back contact on the order of 1019cm-3, and WTCO in the range of 4.5-5.2eV. These results show that the generated electron-hole pairs had a high probability of separation and demonstrate the potential of this device structure.
The Effect of a Blast Load from Propane Gas Leakage on an RC Structure
Authors: Tabet M.
Published: December 2022

The knowledge of the way a gas explosion affects a structure is still in its development. In this study, structural analysis software was used to construct a simplified approach to predict the impact of a Dynamic Blast Load (DBL) from gas leakage. During the explosion process, the overpressure distribution in a room is decomposed to maximum dynamic pressure point (DPPmax), where the explosion damages the most the structure. The simulation of the DBL was compared with the real consequences of gas explosion with the phenomenological data of a case study in Batna, Algeria. The results show that the simulation reproduced by our modeling of the DBL at structural scale is in good agreement with a real explosion. The distribution of stresses and strains over time indicates that the gas explosion inside residential buildings affected the entire surrounding of the area of the blast.
The role of FEES and the dysphagia team in the management of patients after stroke disease in Hospital České Budějovice
Authors: Huška Martin , Koptíková L. , Lukeš Petr , Mrzena Lubor
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The prevalence of dysphagia in the general population is 6–16%. The dysphagia team focuses on dia­gnosis and treatment of dysphagia. The dysphagia team consists of a clinical speech therapist, an otorhinolaryngologist and nurse (depending on the workplace). Other specialties such as radiologist, nutritionist and physiotherapist can also be a member of the team. FEES (Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing) and VFSS (Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study) are used as the gold standard for objective examination of the dysphagia. Aim of the work: The aim of the work is to evaluate retrospectively the contribution of the dysphagia team working in the department of otorhinolaryngology in Hospital České Budějovice, in the care of patients after stroke disease indicated for examination from the Complex Cerebrovascular Center (CCC) in 2016–2020. Material and methods: The retrospective study included 33 patients after stroke with clinical suspicion of dysphagia, who were referred from the CCC to the Counseling Center for Swallowing Disorders for objective examination of dysphagia. Results: In 9 patients (27.3%), dysphagia was ruled out during FEES, thus enabling oral intake without restrictions. Dysphagia was confirmed in 24 patients (72.7%). Ten patients (30.3%) had a prolonged pharyngeal swallowing phase without food penetration into the airways. Three patients (9.1%) had a bolus penetration into the airways during the examination, but it remained above the vocal cords and it was completely expelled from the airways (PAS 2). In 11 cases (33.3%) aspiration was found, of which nine cases (27.3% of all patients, 81.8% of patients with aspiration) involved silent aspiration without any attempt to expel bolus from the airways (PAS 8). Conclusion: In 31 patients (94.0%) the benefit of examination by the dysphagia team was noted. In the case of 22 patients (66.7%), it was an adjustment of nutrition and swallowing rehabilitation with confirmed dysphagia. Restrictions were lifted in 9 patients (27.3%) with false-positive screening and clinical examination. We observe a positive effect of long-term swallowing rehabilitation in 61.5% of the monitored patients. Keywords: endoscopy – stroke – rehabilitation – deglutition disorder
Unusual case of double fistulation of a brachiogenous cyst
Authors: Stárek Ivo , Horáková Zuzana , Salzman Richard , Skanderová Daniela
Published: December 2022

The authors describe a very unusual case of double external metachronous fistulation of a second branchial cleft cyst in a 54-year-old man. Signifi cant difficulties in the clinical differential dia gnosis of this developmental anomaly, comprising primarily malignant tumor and tuberculosis, were resolved only with histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen. The mechanism of the formation of both successively manifesting fistulas, developing in the milieu of chronic non-specific inflammation, is not clear. However, the absence of organoid pattern of the fistulas precludes that they were – unlike the cyst – relicts of the branchial apparatus. Key words branchiogenic cyst – fistula – differential diagnosis
IoT Based Visual Defect Detection in Railway Tracks
Authors: A. Geethanjali  , T. Vijitha  , S. Naveen Kumar  , D. Gajendran  , U. Thulasi Ram  , N. Moulika
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes the design of crack finding robot in the railway tracks. In India rail transportation engage a major pose in asset with the essential transportation to maintain necessities of a briskly emergent financial system. At present, India possesses the 4th major railway network in the globe.It has proven inappropriate for the control system currently use in Indian railways. Therefore, there is a need to have new technology which will be vigorous, well organised and stable for both crack detection in railway track as well as object or things detection. A robust monitoring system has been suggested and clarified in this paper to address the shortcomings of the existing rail surveillance system to detect cracks of the railway tracks. To detect cracks & damages in railway tracks. To design & develop IoT enabled Robo. To inform Railway Controller about cracks & damaged track information when detected by the robot. To send all the information through wireless communication based devices. Designing the project to overcome this problem.
Pelatihan Penguatan Literasi Pelaku UMKM Tentang Konsepsi Ekonomi dan Pembiayaan Berbasis Syariah
Authors: Mukhlis Mukhlis , Konadi Win , Mangkuwinata Sonny Muhammad Ikhsan , Musrizal Musrizal , Nova Nova , Qadri Filailatul , Fauziah Fauziah
Published: December 2022

Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat untuk menyebarluaskan ilmu pengetahuan kepada masyarakat terutama pelaku UMKM dengan memanfaatkan media online. Mereka sebagai garda terdepan dalam proses pembangunan ekonomi agar menjadi lebih baik. Implimentasi Qanun Nomor 11 Tahun 2018 tentang Lembaga Keuangan Syariah (LKS) menjadikan Provinsi Aceh sebagai daerah yang menerapkan sistem keuangan syariah secara penuh. Oleh karena itu, dipandang perlu memberikan pencerahan menyangkut konsepsi ekonomi dan pembiayaan berbasis syariah kepada pelaku UMKM maupun stakeholder dengan cara menyelenggarakan pelatihan (seminar) sebagai bentuk pengedukasian dalam rangka penguatan literasi ekonomi syariah. Untuk pengembangan maupun perluasan skala usaha ekonomi tentu sangat terkait dengan ketersediaan sumber pembiayaan. Perlu diketahui, pembiayaan yang diberikan LKS berlandaskan pada prinsip, aturan, dan nilai-nilai Islam dengan tujuan mencapai mashlahah bagi segenap bukan hanya kepentingan manusia, tetapi untuk kelangsungan hidup semua makhluk serta lingkungan. Kehadiran LKS harus berperan sebagai penggerak pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan memberikan akses pendanaan bagi masyarakat Aceh. Sementara temuan, bahwa indeks literasi ekonomi syariah perlu ditingkatkan dengan membangun hubungan sinergisitas lintas kelembagaan dan intra-personal.
The Culture of Distraction: Fragmented Vision and the Misery of the Senses
Authors: Pellegrini Sascia
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates postmodern modalities of the consumption of art, transformed and accelerated by the advent of the Web, and the emergence of social platforms, locus of altered forms of sensuous experience. Fragmented reality appears well suited to a culture of distraction, the general feeling of perpetual diversion and alienation, propelled by device applications, web surfing, social media, and messenger services; a reality in which space is no longer experienced with a synchronous unity of perception and emplacement. I will examine a reality that has abandoned linear text as the vessel of transmitting information, a reality that in the past few decades has been carried forward by a flood of technical images, following Vilem Flusser’s notion. Lastly, I will scrutinise paradoxical aspects of this virtual domain: what is it that makes an experience itself, when surrogates of someone else’s direct or indirect experiences are fed to us through social media, including images, videos, game simulations of various sorts, virtual reality, extended reality? This paradox Bernard Stiegler calls “the loss of participation in the production of symbols” (Stiegler 2014, 10): a symbolic misery that originated in audiovisual and informational mnemotechnological activities, locus of mutated relations with the senses.
Meandros da produção segregada da cidade: análise de paisagens nos espaços periurbanos de Garanhuns-PE
Authors: Aragão João Paulo Gomes de Vasconcelos
Published: December 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as principais dinâmicas urbanas que influenciam na produção da segregação socioespacial na cidade de Garanhuns-PE/Brasil, destacadamente, em seus espaços periurbanos. A reprodução dos centros urbanos em regiões marcadas pelo subdesenvolvimento, como a América Latina, também é caracterizada pela segregação socioespacial que dispõe às áreas susceptíveis a desastres, as moradias ocupadas pelas camadas mais pobres da população. Em países, como o Brasil, este processo é revigorado pela forma como historicamente as cidades são originadas e/ou expandidas, afetando inclusive cidades intermediárias distantes dos tradicionais centros metropolitanos. Destarte, questionou-se que dinâmicas relacionadas ao processo de reprodução do urbano implicam na segregação socioespacial em áreas periurbanas da cidade de Garanhuns. A metodologia foi baseada na abordagem sistêmica e na aplicação de técnicas como levantamento teórico, manuseio de imagens de satélites e análises empíricas apoiadas nas observações de campo. Constatou-se uma intensa atividade imobiliária e do Estado, combinando infraestruturas próximas a empreendimentos residenciais de alto padrão, valorizados e localizados distantes do centro. Paralelamente, apresenta-se necessária a revisão das ações conduzidas pelo poder público nos espaços periurbanos, principalmente, em setores mais carentes, nos quais concentram-se contingentes demográficos precariamente atendidos por políticas públicas, até recursos naturais impactados negativamente pelo crescimento urbano.
Leitura das paisagens em unidades de conservação através de visitas de campo: trilhas para o conhecimento ecossocial
Authors: Coutinho Solange Fernandes Soares , Cavalcanti Edenida Rabelo , Albuquerque Juvenita Lucena de , Quinamo Tarcísio Dos Santos
Published: December 2022

A existência de Unidades de Conservação não é recente, mas desde a instituição da primeira que seus objetivos são estabelecidos para atender diferenciados interesses de proteção do meio ambiente. Mais recentemente, já com as devidas comprovações científicas de mudanças climáticas e consequentes extinções de espécies em função de perdas de habitats, as áreas protegidas estão se mostrando cada vez mais presentes em debates diversos, incluindo pertinência de revisões conceituais e de formas de uso. Derivado de pesquisa sobre Unidades de Conservação como Lugares Educadores, o trabalho a seguir traz o recorte da leitura de paisagens em visitas de campo, buscando ultrapassar formas consolidadas de suas realizações ao centrar o protagonismo da ação no público que participa da atividade, partilhando com educadores formais e leigos metodologias ativas embasadas em processos ecossociais, visando inserir os visitantes, quer da população local ou não, na proteção da vida no Planeta através da educação. A experiência demonstrou a importância da ampliação coletiva do saber e através dela a contribuição para a manutenção ou restauração dos serviços ecossistêmicos que os mais variados elementos naturais prestam nos sistemas ecológicos que a espécie humana faz parte.
Generation of Multistability through Unstable Systems
Authors: DİAZ-GONZALEZ Edgar , GUERRA-LÓPEZ Arturo , HERNANDEZ Baltazar Aguirre , CAMPOS Eric
Published: December 2022

In this work, we propose an approach to generate multistability based on a class of unstable systems that have all their roots in the right complex half-plane. Multistability is the coexistence of multiple stable states for a set of system parameters. The approach is realized by using linear third order differential equations that consists of two parameters. The first bifurcation parameter transforms the unstable system with all its roots in the right complex half-plane into an unstable system with one root in the left complex half-plane and two roots remaining in the right complex half-plane. With this first transformation, the system is capable of generating attractors by means of a piecewise linear function and the system presents monostability. We then use the another bifurcation parameter to switch from a monostable multiscroll attractor to several multistable states showing a single-scroll attractor.
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Bulanık Kaba Küme Özellik Seçimi Kullanılarak Lojistik Regresyon ile Sınıflandırılması
Authors: GAZELOĞLU Cengiz
Published: December 2022

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB), doğuştan gelen ve genel olarak sosyal ilişkilerde ve iletişim kurmada sıkıntı yaşama durumudur. Bu durum aslında bazı uzmanlar tarafından nöro gelişimsel bir bozukluk veya psikolojik durum spektrumu olarak da tanımlanabiliyor. Her hastalıkta olduğu gibi bu rahatsızlıkta da erken tanı çok önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amaçlarından biri, OSB rahatsızlığını, lojistik regresyon algoritmasını kullanarak bireylerde bu bozukluğun olup olmadığını doğruluk oranı yüksek bir şekilde sınıflandıra bilmektir. Diğer amaç ise öne sürülen sınıflandırma modeli ile alanda çalışan doktorlara hata yapmamaları anlamında hem yardımcı olmak hem de teşhis yöntemini daha hızlı hale getirerek zamandan ve maliyetten tasarruf etmektir. Çalışma verileri WEKA programı yardımı ile analiz edilmiştir. Sınıflandırma algoritması olarak lojistik regresyon algoritması kullanılmıştır. Algoritmanın daha hızlı ve doğru çalışması adına bulanık kaba küme yöntemi ile özellik seçimi yapılmıştır. Algoritmanın veri ezberleme durumu ortadan kaldırmak adına 10 döngülü çapraz doğrulama yapılmıştır. Sonuçların değerlendirilmesi için TP ve FP oranları hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan sonuçlara göre TP oranı özellik seçimi yapılmadan önce 0,947 iken özellik seçimi yapıldıktan sonra 0,974 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Benzer şekilde FP oranları ise sırasıyla 0,043 ve 0,028 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre algoritmanın OSB’yi sınıflandırmada başarılı olduğu söylenebilir. Ek olarak özellik seçimi yapılmadan önce ve sonraki sonuçları karşılaştırmak için ROC analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucuna göre ROC eğrisinin altında kalan alanın 0,99 olarak hesaplanmış olması özellik seçimi yapılmasının doğru bir karar olduğunun göstergesidir. Ayrıca özellik seçimi yapıldıktan sonra doğru sınıflandırma oranı %95,205’ten %96,575’e çıkmıştır.
Design and Implementation of PV Fed Local UPS Inverter
Authors: Ahmed Toqeer , Khan Faizan Ahmad , Waqar Asad , Mehmood Shakir , Shakeel Hamza , Hassan Shahzad , Zahid Tausif , Awais Qasim
Published: December 2022

Locally manufactured Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) units are purchased as an alternative to rolling blackouts and load shedding in underdeveloped and developing countries like Pakistan. These locally manufactured UPS units are energy-inefficient, causing stress on the national grid and cost-intensive for the residential consumer in the form of high utility bills of electricity. In this regard, the authors have proposed the PV fed local UPS inverter to make the existing UPS unit more efficient through photovoltaic (PV) energy without disrupting its function of providing uninterrupted supply during load-shedding hours. In order to validate the performance of the proposed PV fed local UPS inverter, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) PV charge controller module is designed and implemented practically in a hardware setup and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and Proteus environment, respectively. Moreover, the installation of an MPPT PV charge controller module in an existing locally manufactured UPS unit is also discussed. The practical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed PV fed local UPS inverter with an average efficiency of 81.51% and a lowest total harmonic distortion (THD) of 1.29% as compared to existing UPS inverters.
SUS Urdu based Evaluation of Websites of Higher Educational Institutes of Pakistan
Authors: Malik Shahid Nawaz , Saleem Muhammad Sohaib , Muhammad AbdulHafeez , Awais Muhammad
Published: December 2022

An institute needs to grow day by day in all aspects like a large number of admissions, educational quality, innovations, etc. Educational marketing provides a variety of opportunities for an institute by getting the attention of students. The students seeking admission for higher education can check the official website to get the know-how of an institute as it’s the first authentic source of information. The website must be easy to use for students to get the latest information. In this study, the websites of University of Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, and University of education are evaluated through the SUS scale developed in the Urdu language. A total of 60 participants were engaged. The results show that the SUS score of these websites was in the “low marginal” range.
Structural Crack Detection and Classification using Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Zeeshan Madiha , Adnan Syed M. , Ahmad Wakeel , Khan Farrukh Zeeshan
Published: December 2022

Cracks are indicators that affect the stability and integrity of infrastructures. Fast, reliable, and cost-effective crack detection methods are required to overcome the shortcomings of traditional approaches. This paper works on a transfer learning approach based on the deep convolutional neural network model VGG19 to detect cracks. Further, the proposed method is based on an improved VGG-19 model. The experiment is carried out on the SDNET2018 annotated images dataset. The dataset comprises of total 15k images, training set consists of 5000 cracked and 5000 un-cracked images of walls, pavements, and bridges. The experimental results on the proposed model provide 91.8% accuracy in detecting cracks on the testing set. The paper concluded that fine-tuning of the VGG19 (Visual Geometry Group) model accomplish satisfactory results in detecting cracks on images of multiple infrastructures.
Shear Behavior of End of Life Tyres Steel Fibrous Self Compacting Concrete Beams
Authors: Siddique Iffat , Anwar Zeshan , Sahar Umbreen , Ali Mifrah
Published: December 2022

Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) presents lower shear strength due to its smaller aggregate size and lesser content. In addition, a large amount of hazardous vehicular tire waste is produced each year requiring a great deal of economy and land for its management. This work summarizes the results of a detailed investigation of the shear behavior of steel fibers reinforced self-compacting concrete (SFRSCC) beams. Steel fibers extracted from waste tires have been used in varying amounts and aspect ratios to study their impact on compressive, split tensile, and ultimate shear strengths and their corresponding deflections. The results indicate that the shear strength of SFRSCC beams is improved remarkably, and through the decision matrix, the results become more obvious and so the material can be recommended as a green shear enhancement material for SCC.
Parametric Optimization of Gravitational Vortex Turbine in the context of Upper Punjab of Pakistan
Authors: Ali Mifrah , Ramzan Iqra , Siddique Iffat , Mahmood Tariq , Nadeem Mustafa
Published: December 2022

Huge Commercialization and population expansion is causing energy crisis. Pakistan's energy demand being on the rise, water is the safest and cleanest method of generating electricity. Many sites are available in Punjab having varying flow rate and limited heads can be used for power generations. The turbine is developed for a site having flow rates of 0.005-0.01 m3/sec and available head of 1.5m. A Pico hydro turbine with gravitational vortex has been selected based on the availability of specific speed of 71 according to the site data. The optimized runner, basin and hybrid blades were designed and the results were validated using numerical simulation. At 153⁰ notch angle there is a considerable increase in water velocity and provide better results. On the other hand, it is shown that the runner made of steel is not suitable for flooding and concrete structure with recommended reinforcements must be used. The proposed design for the flooding condition of 0.2 m3/s flow rate the wall thickness and base thickness should be 150mm and a transverse reinforcement of 0.27 mm2/mm. Localized reinforcements can also be utilized as the curved path is at highest risk.
Experimental Investigations on the Effects of HHO Gas Fuel Additive on Performance of a Gasoline Engine
Authors: Haider Syed Mustafa , Hussain Shafqat , Farid Hassan , Shahid Usman , Ahmed Awais , Abbas Nazar
Published: December 2022

The hydrogen hydroxyl (HHO) gas as a fuel additive in gasoline for SI engines has a positive impact on improving the performance and reducing the consequences of the burning of fossil fuels alone which are continuously depleting and causing severe problems to the environment. In this paper, the effect of injecting HHO gas additive in the gasoline fuel of a petrol engine was experimentally explored in detail to improve the overall efficiency in terms of performance indicators such as engine fuel consumption, brake horsepower and engine’s torque developed. The engine was coupled with an electric generator to be used for the production of electricity at a relatively low cost. An experimental setup was established to measure the performance indicators and it consists of an HHO gas generator integrated with solar panels, a gasoline engine coupled with an electricity generator, a storage battery, and relevant measuring instruments. The HHO gas was produced and injected into the intake manifold of the engine whilst it was running at different load conditions. The main parameters such as engine RPM, output voltage/amperes of the electric generator were measured and performance indicators were calculated to determine the overall efficiency of the system.  From the results, it was shown that the HHO additive had increased performance of the petrol engine performance at a lower HHO-fuel ratio while the engine is running at lean fuel conditions.
Pakistani News Classification Based on Headlines
Authors: Mukhtar Raza , Iqbal Muhammad Javed , Faheem Zaid Bin
Published: December 2022

In information dissemination, media plays a vital role, a huge amount of information is spread quickly through social media and news platforms. The online news outlet and frequency of the huge number of headlines creation demand automatic classification tools. In this overwhelming domain, different countries explored classification algorithms for their news. However, very limited research is done on Pakistani news headlines in terms of classification. There is also a lack of a Pakistani news headlines benchmark dataset. This research is intended to find a suitable model to classify Pakistani news headlines automatically. Moreover, in this study, we designed a benchmark NCE-2D (News Classification and Emotion Detection Dataset) of 2429 Pakistani news headlines extracted from different news websites using ParseHub, which includes five types of categories. First, to minimize the noise from the dataset is undergoing some pre-processing steps including punctuation, stopwords, null entries, and duplication removal. In the next step, extract the feature by two different methods Count-Vectorizer and TF-IDF Vectorizer, and then apply a set of 10 different learning algorithms for both types of features extracted. The best performing algorithms for Pakistani news headlines out of the set of implemented algorithms by both combinations included Support Vector Machine (SVM) when implemented over the TF-IDF features and Multi-Layer Perception (MLP) when implemented over the CV features. Based on the results, both these algorithms are compared to choose the most suitable from them. The combination of SVM is investigated most appropriate classifier with 82.16% accuracy than 81.75% accuracy of MLP.
Data Analysis, Visualization and Prediction of Stock Market Prices of K-Electric
Authors: Islam Noman , Afzal Misbah , Wali Muhammad Arsal , Shakeel Hamza
Published: December 2022

Predicting stock price is a trend yet very challenging task. It is because the stock prices depend upon several internal and external factors. Stock price prediction can be very useful for financial sectors and the government and help in informed decision-making. This paper analyzes the stock market prices of K-Electric Karachi. It is found that the stock prices of K-electric depend on the stock prices of the refinery sector. The paper analyzes the stock price data of the two sectors. Also, the paper compares the stock price prediction based on moving average, auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), convolutional neural network and long short-term memory (LSTM) model. It is found that ARIMA outperforms the other algorithms. A set of experiments were conducted to test the performance of algorithms. The algorithms were analyzed based on different metrics such as root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE).
Energy Security in Security Studies: A Systematic Review of Twenty Years of Literature
Authors: Novikau Aliaksandr
Published: December 2022

Energy security has clear relationships with national security – historically, semantically, and practically. This exploratory study offers a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of 43 academic articles focused on energy issues, published in five international security studies journals – International Security, Security Dialogue, Security Studies, Contemporary Security Policy and Survival – from 2001 to 2020. The study identifies the main energy themes covered in the articles and the authors’ demographics. The paper concludes that the coverage of energy issues has been quite sporadic and largely underexplored in security studies. The essence of the debates over energy issues has not changed much since the energy crises of the 1970s – it remains predominately state- and Western-centric with a primary focus on oil and nuclear power. The crude oil price surge because of supply disruptions from the Middle East is still viewed as a main threat to energy security. Similarly, international armed conflicts, domestic instability and nuclear proliferation are prioritised among the most critical outcomes of energy insecurity. The primary public policy responses to threats to energy security still focus on foreign policy, diversification of suppliers and energy sources, domestic energy efficiency and strategic energy stockpiles.
Precessional pacing of tropical ocean carbon export during the Late Cretaceous
Authors: Kim Ji-Eun , Westerhold Thomas , Alegret Laia , Drury Anna Joy , Röhl Ursula , Griffith Elizabeth M.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The marine biological carbon pump, which exports organic carbon out of the surface ocean, plays an essential role in sequestering carbon from the atmosphere, thus impacting climate and affecting marine ecosystems. Orbital variations in solar insolation modulate these processes, but their influence on the tropical Pacific during the Late Cretaceous is unknown. Here we present a high-resolution composite record of elemental barium from deep-sea sediments as a proxy for organic carbon export out of the surface oceans (i.e., export production) from Shatsky Rise in the tropical Pacific. Variations in export production in the Pacific during the Maastrichtian, from 71.5 to 66 million years ago, were dominated by precession and less so by eccentricity modulation or obliquity, confirming that tropical surface-ocean carbon dynamics were influenced by seasonal insolation in the tropics during this greenhouse period. We suggest that precession paced primary production in the tropical Pacific and recycling in the euphotic zone by changing water column stratification, upwelling intensity, and continental nutrient fluxes. Benthic foraminiferal accumulation rates covaried with export production, providing evidence for bentho-pelagic coupling of the marine biological carbon pump across these high-frequency changes in a cool greenhouse planet.
Predicting peak daily maximum 8 h ozone and linkages to emissions and meteorology in Southern California using machine learning methods (SoCAB-8HR V1.0)
Authors: Gao Ziqi , Wang Yifeng , Vasilakos Petros , Ivey Cesunica E. , Do Khanh , Russell Armistead G.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The growing abundance of data is conducive to using numerical
methods to relate air quality, meteorology and emissions to address which
factors impact pollutant concentrations. Often, it is the extreme values
that are of interest for health and regulatory purposes (e.g., the National
Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone uses the annual maximum daily
fourth highest 8 h average (MDA8) ozone), though such values are the
most challenging to predict using empirical models. We developed four
different computational models, including the generalized additive model
(GAM), multivariate adaptive regression splines, random forest, and
support vector regression, to develop observation-based relationships
between the fourth highest MDA8 ozone in the South Coast Air Basin and
precursor emissions, meteorological factors and large-scale climate
patterns. All models had similar predictive performance, though the GAM
showed a relatively higher R2 value (0.96) with a lower root mean
square error and mean bias.
River flooding mechanisms and their changes in Europe revealed by explainable machine learning
Authors: Jiang Shijie , Bevacqua Emanuele , Zscheischler Jakob
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Climate change may systematically impact hydrometeorological processes and their interactions, resulting in changes in flooding mechanisms. Identifying such changes is important for flood forecasting and projection. Currently, there is a lack of observational evidence regarding trends in flooding mechanisms in Europe, which requires reliable methods to disentangle emerging patterns from the complex interactions between flood drivers. Recently, numerous studies have demonstrated the skill of machine learning (ML) for predictions in hydrology, e.g., for predicting river discharge based on its relationship with meteorological drivers. The relationship, if explained properly, may provide us with new insights into hydrological processes. Here, by using a novel explainable ML framework, combined with cluster analysis, we identify three primary patterns that drive 53 968 annual maximum discharge events in around a thousand European catchments. The patterns can be associated with three catchment-wide river flooding mechanisms: recent precipitation, antecedent precipitation (i.e., excessive soil moisture), and snowmelt. The results indicate that over half of the studied catchments are controlled by a combination of the above mechanisms, especially recent precipitation in combination with excessive soil moisture, which is the dominant mechanism in one-third of the catchments. Over the past 70 years, significant changes in the dominant flooding mechanisms have been detected within a number of European catchments. Generally, the number of snowmelt-induced floods has decreased significantly, whereas floods driven by recent precipitation have increased. The detected changes in flooding mechanisms are consistent with the expected climate change responses, and we highlight the risks associated with the resulting impact on flooding seasonality and magnitude. Overall, the study offers a new perspective on understanding changes in weather and climate extreme events by using explainable ML and demonstrates the prospect of future scientific discoveries supported by artificial intelligence.
Analogue modelling of basin inversion: a review and future perspectives
Authors: Zwaan Frank , Schreurs Guido , Buiter Susanne J. H. , Ferrer Oriol , Reitano Riccardo , Rudolf Michael , Willingshofer Ernst
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Basin inversion involves the reversal of subsidence in a basin due to
compressional tectonic forces, leading to uplift of the basin's sedimentary
infill. Detailed knowledge of basin inversion is of great importance for
scientific, societal, and economic reasons, spurring continued research
efforts to better understand the processes involved. Analogue tectonic
modelling forms a key part of these efforts, and analogue modellers have
conducted numerous studies of basin inversion. In this review paper we recap
the advances in our knowledge of basin inversion processes acquired through
analogue modelling studies, providing an up-to-date summary of the state of
analogue modelling of basin inversion. We describe the different definitions
of basin inversion that are being applied by researchers, why basin
inversion has been historically an important research topic and what the
general mechanics involved in basin inversion are. We subsequently treat the
wide range of different experimental approaches used for basin inversion
modelling, with attention to the various materials, set-ups, and techniques
used for model monitoring and analysing the model results. Our new systematic overviews of generalized model results reveal the diversity of these results, which depend greatly on the chosen set-up, model layering and
(oblique) kinematics of inversion, and 3D along-strike structural and
kinematic variations in the system. We show how analogue modelling results
are in good agreement with numerical models, and how these results help researchers to
better understand natural examples of basin inversion. In addition to
reviewing the past efforts in the field of analogue modelling, we also shed
light on future modelling challenges and identify a number of opportunities
for follow-up research. These include the testing of force boundary
conditions, adding geological processes such as sedimentation, transport, and
erosion; applying state-of-the-art modelling and quantification techniques;
and establishing best modelling practices. We also suggest expanding the
scope of basin inversion modelling beyond the traditional upper crustal
“North Sea style” of inversion, which may contribute to the ongoing search
for clean energy resources. It follows that basin inversion modelling can
bring valuable new insights, providing a great incentive to continue our
efforts in this field. We therefore hope that this review paper will form an
inspiration for future analogue modelling studies of basin inversion.
HELAL VE HELAL OLMAYAN GIDA BİLEŞENLERİNİN TESPİTİNDE DNA TABANLI ANALİZ YÖNTEMLERİNDEN POLİMERAZ ZİNCİR REAKSİYONUNUN (PZR) KULLANILMASI
Authors: ALKAY Zühal
Published: December 2022

Helal gıda ve kalitesi, Müslümanların günlük yaşamlarında büyük önem taşımaktadır. Helal gıdaların kullanımında karşılaşılan ana zorluklarından biri, gıda tağşişinin tespiti ve yasak bileşenlerin varlığının genellikle fark edilememesi veya çıplak gözle belirlenememesidir. Bu yüzden helal gıda ürünlerinin güvenirliği konusunda endişelenen Müslüman tüketicilerin bilinçlenmesi ile gıdalarda yer alan bileşenlerin doğrulanmasında çeşitli yöntemler kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Gıda ürünlerinin helal uygunluk değerlendirilmesinin hızlı bir şekilde sağlanabilmesi için hassas, kullanımı kolay ve güvenilir yöntemler tercih edilmektedir. Bu tekniklerden en yaygın olanı, DNA analizlerinde kullanılan Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PZR) yöntemidir. Bu yöntemin analizlerde kullanılması da çok çeşitli avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında, gıda bileşenlerinin helal orijinli olup olmadıklarının belirlenmesinde kullanılan PZR tekniği ve yapılan son çalışmalar ele alınmıştır.
PENSAR COM A ARTE:
Authors: Marques Diego
Published: December 2022

O propósito deste artigo é o de pensar sobre uma estética a partir da filosofia de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Trata-se de uma estética da imanência, ou seja, a filosofia deve pensar com a arte e não sobre a arte. Nesse sentido, em um primeiro momento, discutiremos como a filosofia inventa conceitos, em seguida, detalharemos o conceito de bloco de sensações como produto do encontro da filosofia com a arte. Por fim, assumiremos a hipótese de que o conceito de sensação produziria consistência no encontro com as diferentes artes.
CHEGAMOS AO NÚMERO 40!
Authors: Dinucci Aldo
Published: December 2022

A PROMETHEUS chega em seu quadragésimo número, trazendo um dossiê GT Epicteto e alguns artigos sobre a Semana de 22, além de artigos de fluxo contínuo. Em funcionamento desde 2008, nossa revista chega ao estrato A4, alcançando um nível de excelência e reconhecimento que lhe é devido. Agradecemos a todos os editores e revisores que têm se dedicado à revista, sem os quais o periódico não teria se alçado a essa posição de destaque. A capa é de George Felipe. 

Os Editores da PROMETHEUS
Pelatihan Pembuatan Peta Desa Berbasis Data Citra Open Source Bagi Desa Kebonhajo Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Dwi Prabowo  , Sundaro Hendiranto , Ayu Permtasari AR Ratna
Published: December 2022

Pemanfaatan data peta open source sebagai alat untuk memahami potensi wilayah dan sebagai penunjang pengelolaan desa masih perlu dioptimalkan khususnya untuk wilayah desa. Desa Kebonharjo merupakan Desa di Kabupaten Kendal yang membutuhkan update peta administrasi dan fasilitas umum yang dapat digunakan sebagai penunjang pemerintah desa. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pelatihan pemetaan desa sebagai dasar dalam pembangunan Desa Kebonharjo Kabupaten Kendal. Metode yang digunakan di antaranya survei, tahap persiapan, proses pembuatan peta, print out sementara, print out tetap, dan serah terima peta. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di Desa Kebonharjo menghasilkan peta desa yang berisi informasi geospasial pada wilayah tersebut. Informasi tersebut berupa batas wilayah administrasi, jaringan/infrastruktur transportasi, perairan, sarana dan prasarana. Citra yang ditampilkan pada peta desa tersebut memberikan gambaran tutupan lahan di Desa Kebonharjo