bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La pobreza monetaria inducida por el costo de la movilidad pendular al trabajo en Bogotá.
Authors: Alfonso Roa Óscar Alfredo
Published: February 2025

El objetivo central de este artículo es explicar los efectos locales que sobre la pobreza monetaria
tiene la movilidad cotidiana de los trabajadores y su retorno al hogar, movimiento pendular que
transcurre en un ambiente caótico ampliamente reconocido por organizaciones nacionales y del
exterior. Los resultados indican que la pobreza monetaria puede incrementarse entre 7 personas
por km2
hasta 289 personas por km2
producto del tiempo involucrado en todos los tramos del
desplazamiento. La metodología partió de asumir las 112 Unidades de Planeamiento Zonal —
UPZ— en que se subdivide la zona urbana de Bogotá, como unidad de análisis espacial, con las
que se establecieron el Esquema General de Segregación Residencial, la Estructura Económico
Espacial y los tiempos de desplazamiento cotidiano. Para alcanzar esos resultados se empleó el
método de la Regresión Geográficamente Ponderada y la construcción de una matriz de pesos
espaciales de las UPZ
Una mirada a la Bogotá pluriversal a través del grafiti y el arte urbano.
Authors: Alvarez Jaimes Javier
Published: February 2025

Este ensayo examina la transformación de Bogotá, partiendo de la “Atenas sudamericana” del
siglo XX a un espacio contemporáneo de resistencia urbana, donde el grafiti y el arte urbano
redefinen la identidad de la ciudad, situándose, particularmente, en el estallido social de 2021. En
contraste con la imagen de una metrópolis civilizada inspirada en ideales griegos, Bogotá emerge
como una contracara a través del arte urbano, encarnando una paradoja moderna: producir a
partir de la destrucción. En este contexto, el grafiti actúa como una acción política que permite
imaginar una Bogotá pluriversal mediante la inversión de la lógica excluyente de la urbanización
capitalista. A menudo criticado como vandalismo, el grafiti interviene en el orden urbano de
Bogotá, exponiendo una lógica colonial latente que es tanto capitalista como negadora de la vida.
Partiendo del concepto de producción de espacio de Henri Lefebvre, este análisis explora la
destrucción simbólica del discurso colonial inscrito en monumentos, muros y paisajes urbanos
de Bogotá. Estas intervenciones urbanas, que son a la vez una forma de producir espacio, crean
un escenario colectivo que critica el orden histórico impuesto a la ciudad mientras imagina una
nueva realidad espacial. A través de esta lente, el grafiti y el arte urbano revelan la ciudad real, al
tiempo que proponen una ciudad posible, donde múltiples formas de habitar el espacio puedan
coexistir. Desafiando las percepciones tradicionales del espacio público, el arte urbano y, particularmente, el grafiti en Bogotá no solo critica las fuerzas destructivas de la modernidad capitalista, sino que propone una posibilidad transformadora donde todas las formas de habitar urbano sean válidas y celebradas
Cytogenetic diversity of non-volant small mammals in the Serra dos Órgãos region, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil
Authors: Geise Lena , Pereira Luciana Guedes , Bello Marianne , Aguieiras Marcia
Published: February 2025

The Atlantic Forest is one of South America's most biodiverse regions, hosting a significant portion of Brazil's small non-volant mammal diversity, including 267 rodent and 66 marsupial species. The Serra dos Órgãos region in Rio de Janeiro state is a key area for studying this diversity, as it houses 32 rodent and 13 marsupial species. Rodents, unlike marsupials, exhibit a high diversity of chromosomal forms, which serve as important taxonomic tools for identifying cryptic species. Our study used cytogenetic analyses to enhance the taxonomic resolution and understanding of small mammal biodiversity in the Serra dos Órgãos, focusing on the high chromosomal variation in rodents, particularly those within the Sigmodontinae. We collected and karyotyped specimens from 25 localities within the municipalities of Cachoeiras de Macacu, Guapimirim, Petrópolis, and Teresópolis in Rio de Janeiro. These areas include montane and lowland regions of the Serra dos Órgãos, ranging from 100 to 2,100 meters in altitude. Specimens were captured using live traps and handled following ethical guidelines, with karyotypic analysis performed on metaphase chromosomes obtained from bone marrow cell cultures. We analyzed 220 specimens, representing 20 rodent and five marsupial species. Significant intraspecific chromosomal variation was observed in seven rodent species, particularly within the sigmodontines. Akodon cursor displayed variation in fundamental numbers, while Brucepattersonius nebulosus exhibited variation in both diploid and fundamental numbers. New karyotypes were identified for the echimyid Phyllomys spp.. Our findings underscore the importance of cytogenetic analyses in revealing cryptic species and enhancing taxonomic resolution among South American rodents. The chromosomal variation observed highlights the need for integrating cytogenetic data to understand the evolutionary dynamics and biodiversity of the Atlantic Forest.
The components of predation in Culpeo Foxes (Lycalopex culpaeus), and the value of long-term observations
Authors: Kelt Douglas A. , Meserve Peter L. , Previtali M. Andrea , Milstead W. Bryan , Véas Hector , Gutiérrez Julio R. , Troncoso Alejandra J. , Oli Madan K.
Published: February 2025

Understanding predator-prey dynamics requires insight on predator responses to variation in prey abundance. Whereas most predators respond numerically to changes in food availability, functional responses are less clear. Characterizing both is essential to understanding how predator-prey dynamics will change with spatiotemporal variation in resources or habitat conditions. The Culpeo (Lycalopex culpaeus) is a wide-ranging South American canid broadly characterized as a generalist forager exhibiting numerical responses, but limited functional responses, to variation in prey availability. We employ a 23-year perspective on the diet of Culpeos, using monthly demographic monitoring of small mammal prey species and concurrent collection of Culpeo scat in a large protected area in Chile. As elsewhere, Culpeos emphasize small mammals in their diet, but they consistently consume some species (notably Abrocoma bennettii) disproportionate to their apparent availability. Culpeos here display limited numerical responses to variation in small mammal abundance, although this weakens during extended periods of low small mammal availability when foxes presumably switch to other food items. Culpeos exhibit an asymptotic (Type II) functional response to variation in abundance of small mammal prey. While Type II functional responses are generally considered to characterize specialist predators, these patterns match expectations for a generalist forager that strongly favors certain prey species, and underscore the importance of long-term data for elucidating fundamental ecological patterns. Further work is needed to dissect this functional response among key prey species, and to determine if and how this may fluctuate with climatic conditions, which vary extensively here due to El Niño Southern Oscillations. Long-term datasets provide unique opportunities to understand and characterize such patterns in natural communities.
Kursus Paket Kerajinan Gerabah guna Penyiapan Tenaga KKN Mahasiswa di Desa Selogabus Kec. Parengan Kab. Tuban
Authors: Soebroto R. Bambang Gatot
Published: February 2025

KKN mahasiswa adalah sarana untuk pengenalan kehidupan pedesaan, pengabdian ilmu, juga penambah pengetahuan. Dengan menyiapkan pengetahuan keterampilan pembuatan gerabah para mahasiswa diharapkan mereka mampu mengajar, menyuluh, menajamkan pengetahuan, bertukar-menimba keterampilan (dari perajin) di desa. Selain itu melakukan kajian permasalahan dan pengembangan desa, termasuk mencari sebab surutnya minat anak muda, remaja desa, terhadap kerajinan gerabah. Permasalahan yang ada yakni dana Abmas yang terbatas, sehingga dilakukan pelatihan dalam kota beberapa hari. Tujuan dari abmas ini yaitu untuk menyiapkan mahasiswa untuk kelak terjun kegiatan KKN ke sentra kerajinan gerabah di pedesaan. Metode yang digunakan antara lain praktik dari tahap dasar; penyiapan bekal pengetahuan apa itu gerabah, sarana kursus, pengenalan, pengolahan, hingga mendapatkan bahan baku tanah liat siap pakai. Kemudian pembuatan master dan cetakan, belajar mencetak, menyusun tungku pembakaran dan membakar. Mereka harus membuat laporan, dokumentasi dan video kegiatan untuk catatan serta evaluasi. Hasilnya kegiatan ini mampu menyiapkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mahasiswa KKN untuk sentra gerabah di pedesaan.
Inovasi Mesin Penyortir Kopi Otomatis Berbasis Solar Cell Guna Meningkatkan Kualitas Pengolahan Kopi di Desa Jambuwer
Authors: Negara I Made Yulistya , Asfani Dimas Anton , Hernanda I Gusti Ngurah Satriyadi , Fahmi Daniar , Suryani Titiek , Kuswidiastuti Devy
Published: February 2025

Kopi menjadi salah satu komoditas besar di Indonesia. Salah satu daerah penghasil kopi di Indonesia yaitu Desa Jambuwer, Kabupaten Malang. Produksi kopi di Desa Jambuwer masih banyak yang dilakukan secara manual, terutama dalam menyortir biji kopi berdasarkan ukuran diameternya. Metode sortir biji kopi manual selama satu hari mampu menyortir sebanyak 40 kg. Metode ini membutuhkan waktu produksi menjadi lebih panjang dan tenaga manusia lebih banyak. Maka dari itu, dirancanglah inovasi mesin penyortir biji kopi otomatis yang ditenagai oleh panel surya bersistem PLTS hybrid. Bagian utama mesin ini terdiri dari motor induksi satu fasa, engkol, dan papan pengayak tiga tingkat yang setiap tingkat memiliki lubang diamater yang berbeda. Motor induksi satu fasa mendapatkan suplai daya listrik dari sistem PLTS hybrid sehingga penggunaan sistem alat ini tidak membebani tagihan listrik petani kopi sekaligus mendukung transisi energi yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Hasilnya, biji kopi yang mampu disortir menggunakan mesin selama sehari sebanyak 250 kg dengan hasil sortir ukuran lebih akurat sehingga kualitas produksi kopi meningkat dan mendapat harga jual yang lebih layak. Kegiatan ini mendukung dua poin Sustainable Development Goals, yaitu pekerjaan layak dan pertumbuhan ekonomi (SDG 8), dan konsumsi dan produksi yang bertanggung jawab (SDG 12).
Optimalisasi Potensi Eco-Wisata Susur Sungai Kejawan Putih Tambak Kecamatan Mulyorejo Surabaya Timur
Authors: Frestiqauli Santi , Sujantoko Sujantoko , Murdjito Murdjito , Djatmiko Eko Budi , Mustain Mahmud , Dhanistha Wimala Lalitya , Silvianita Silvianita , Rahmawati Shade
Published: February 2025

Eco-wisata Susur Sungai Kejawan Putih Tambak terletak di kecamatan Mulyorejo, Surabaya Timur. Merupakan lokasi wisata alam yang menyediakan pengalaman menyusui sungai menggunakan sampan/perahu nelayan dengan menyugguhkan pemandangan mangrove hingga pemandangan jembatan Suramadu. Diresmikan pada Kamis, 27 Juli 2023 oleh walikota Surabaya Eri Cahyadi. Wisata susur sungai di kawasan Kejawan Putih Tambak menjadi salah satu pilihan wisata air di Kota Surabaya. Selain sebagai sarana wisata, tempat itu juga untuk menunjang perekonomian masyarakat, khususnya bagi para nelayan di Kejawan Putih Tambak. Menurut walikota Surabaya ketika terdapat susur sungai, secara otomatis sepanjang sungai itu harus terjaga kebersihan dan keindahannya. Namun, hingga pada saat ini (2025) wisata susur sungai masih sepi peminat. Hal ini bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, terutama pada infrastruktur penunjang. Oleh karena itu, dengan adanya pengabdian masyarakat ITS, optimalisasi potensi wisata susur sungai Kejawan Putih Tambak dilaksanakan untuk mengatasi keterbatasan infrastruktur yaitu dengan melakukan pendampingan desain pengembangan dermaga baru dan menghasilkan peta wisata susur sungai. Program ini sebagai wujud keberlangsungan komunitas yang berdampak pada masyarakat, lingkungan darat dan perairan
Pelatihan Pembuatan Blok Tanah Ringan Tanpa Bakar di Sumberkima Buleleng Bali
Authors: Noerwasito Vincentius Totok , Sudarma Erwin , Krisdianto Johanes , Muchlis Nurfahmi , Mahendra Angger Sukma , Indrawan Iwan Adi , Irvansyah Irvansyah
Published: February 2025

Proses pembuatan bata merah saat menimbulkan banyak masalah hal ini karena berkurangnya bahan dasar yang berkualitas, bahan untuk proses pembakaran dan polusi udara yang ditimbulkan saat proses produksi. Tanah dari daerah yang tidak subur saat ini kurang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bangunan. Tanah tersebut dicampur dengan semen di jadikan blok sebagai bahan recycle alternatif pengganti bata merah. Kegiatan ini merupakan pelatihan pembuatan blok tanah tanpa bakar di Desa Sumberkima Bali. Tujuan kegiatan adalah membuat blok tanah untuk dinding tanpa proses pembakaran. Blok tersebut harus memiliki densitas lebih rendah daripada densitas bata merah. Masalah dari kegiatan bagaimana membuat blok tanah padat yang ringan. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan pelatihan langsung di aplikasikan di lapangan. Komposisi yang digunakan adalah 20% semen dari berat tanah, sedangkan pengerasan blok dilakukan dengan pemadatan dalam cetakan dan dikeringkan dengan udara alami. Hasil akhir pengabdian tahap ini adalah prototype dari beberapa blok tanah yang ringan yang siap pakai yang diproduksi oleh peserta pelatihan. Kegiatan selanjutnya adalah pembuatan model bangunan 3x3x3 m.
Inisiasi Pendirian LKP dan Pembangunan Alat Pelatihan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) di Pondok Pesantren Aufia Global Islamic Boarding School Kelurahan Minas Jaya Kecamatan Minas Kabupaten Siak
Authors: Rosma Iswadi Hasyim , Jamaan Ahmad , Putra Agus Ika
Published: February 2025

Pondok Pesantren Aufia Global Islamic Boarding School (PP AGIBS) di Kelurahan Minas Jaya, Kecamatan Minas, Kabupaten Siak, Riau, menitikberatkan pendidikan keislaman dengan sedikit muatan sains dan teknologi, seperti teknik instalasi PLTS. PP AGIBS memiliki tanggung jawab moral terhadap tingginya angka remaja putus sekolah di sekitar kelurahan Minas Jaya. Untuk itu, PP AGIBS bekerja sama dengan Universitas Riau (UNRI) dan pemerintah Kelurahan Minas Jaya dalam membangun Lembaga Kursus dan Pelatihan (LKP) AGIBS Taruna. Pembangunan ini diawali dengan dua kegiatan utama, yaitu penyediaan infrastruktur oleh PP AGIBS, termasuk lokasi, ruangan, dan sarana pendukung, serta dukungan UNRI dalam bentuk tenaga pengajar dan alat pelatihan PLTS. Sinergi ini mempermudah santri dan remaja putus sekolah mengakses pelatihan teknik instalasi PLTS.
Sistem Rekapitulasi Nilai Digital SDN 1 Karangmalang
Authors: Ungkawa Uung , Kusuma Haidar Rahman , Akhadin Mohammad Ramdhani Dinhar , Risnandar Rizky
Published: February 2025

Sistem Rekapitulasi Nilai Digital Berbasis website dirancang untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan akurasi dalam pengelolaan nilai siswa di SDN 1 Karangmalang, Indramayu. Sistem sebelumnya yang manual dinilai kurang efektif dan tidak mendukung integrasi data secara real-time, sehingga memperlambat proses rekapitulasi. Sistem baru ini dikembangkan berbasis website dengan metode System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model waterfall, mencakup tahapan: perencanaan, analisis, desain, implementasi, dan pemeliharaan. Teknologi yang digunakan meliputi bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL sebagai pengolah database, serta perancangan menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML) dengan empat diagram utama: Use Case, Activity, Sequence, dan Class Diagram. Hasil pengembangan menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini mampu mempercepat proses rekapitulasi nilai, meningkatkan akurasi data, dan menghasilkan laporan secara efisien.
Pelatihan Bisnis Dasar Berbasis Agroindustri Sebagai Dukungan Terhadap Keberhasilan SDGs Di Panti Asuhan Siti Djamilah Purbalingga
Authors: Hidayat Sophia Mikyal , Pangestuti Sofia Rahayu , Hidayat Syarif Imam , Rizkiyah Noor
Published: February 2025

Dalam era digital di dunia Agroindustri, pengetahuan tentang pemasaran digital sebagai salah satu bagian dari bisnis digital penting untuk dipahami. Pemasaran digital menjadi dasar berbisnis yang vital karena dapat dijadikan sebagai kunci untuk menjalankan dan mempertahankan kelangsungan suatu usaha di antara banyaknya bisnis lain yang sudah berjalan. Sebagai salah satu panti asuhan perempuan yang mendukung keberhasilan konsep Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) poin 5, Panti Asuhan Siti Djamilah Purbalingga telah mengembangkan wadah luar biasa yang tidak hanya merawat tetapi juga mendidik dan membantu mengembangkan bakat anak-anak asuhnya. Salah satunya, adalah pembekalan berbisnis. Kegiatan pengabdian di Panti Asuhan Siti Djamilah Purbalingga dilakukan dengan penyuluhan bertema bisnis digital kepada anak asuh di Panti Asuhan Siti Djamilah Purbalingga dengan pendekatan narrative inquiry yang didampingi properti pamflet edukatif dan dilanjutkan dengan evaluasi melalui lembar kerja. Dari kegiatan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan yang cukup signifikan dari para peserta penyuluhan. Untuk pengaplikasian konsep produk, terjadi peningkatan sebesar 82,6%. Sementara untuk pengaplikasian slogan produk terjadi peningkatan sebesar 47%.
Improving nurses' awareness of mental health disorders in adults with congenital heart disease
Authors: Habibi Hajar , Swift Hannah , Shaughnessy Lynda , Finch Sarah
Published: February 2025

Mental health is an important factor in a person's overall health outcomes. Congenital heart diseases are life-long conditions, often leading to repeated admissions to hospital for a variety of reasons. Most health professionals are aware of the impact that poor psychological wellbeing and mental health can have on a person's cardiovascular health. Anxiety is prevalent among people with congenital heart disease, and patients may adopt unhealthy coping behaviours that could contribute to their cardiovascular risk. Psychological distress, such as feelings of anxiety and depression, can adversely affect adherence to treatment plans by impairing the patient's ability to follow their medication regimens, comprehend medical instructions and engage in recommended lifestyle changes, ultimately contributing to poorer health outcomes. Psychological support should be provided according to personalised needs to enhance quality of life. As a key point of contact and a trusted advocate for patients and other health professionals, adult congenital heart disease clinical nurse specialists are pivotal in the assessment of psychological wellbeing, provision of advice, signposting and, where appropriate, referral to expert psychological support for these patients. This article aims to improve the awareness of cardiac nurses regarding mental health disorders among adults with congenital heart disease, including recommendations to ensure that holistic, patient-centred care is delivered to this patient group.
Risk of sarcopenia among older adults and associated factors in daily life
Authors: Pana Anastasia , Sourtzi Panayota , Kalokairinou Athina , Galanis Petros , Velonaki Venetia Sofia
Published: February 2025

Background:

Sarcopenia-associated lifestyle factors are not fully recognised. Community nurses could identify such factors and promote intervention strategies, mitigating the risk of sarcopenia.

Aims:

To investigate the health indicators and lifestyle factors that have an impact on increased sarcopenia risk among older adults in the community.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted with data collected using a structured questionnaire. The SARC-F questionnaire was used for the risk assessment of sarcopenia. The Barthel index, Fatigue Severity Scale, Visual Analogue Scale and Athens Insomnia Scale were used to assess functionality, fatigue and sleep. The duration of sleep was self-reported. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for the data analysis.

Findings:

A total of 100 subjects (median age=72.50 years) were included in this pilot study. Among the participants, 19% were identified as being at risk for sarcopenia. Functionality, fatigue and sleep difficulties predicted the risk for sarcopenia.

Conclusions:

Community nurses could identify older adults at risk of sarcopenia by recognising the associated factors in everyday life.

Implications for practice:

Nurses in community settings could contribute to the prevention, early detection, slow progression or even potential reversal of sarcopenia by identifying, evaluating and addressing related factors to sarcopenia in the daily lives of community-dwelling older adults. Conducting routine screenings for muscle strength and function, promoting targeted exercise programmes and providing nutritional guidance to support muscle health can make a significant difference. Nurses and other healthcare professionals can collaborate to develop personalised intervention plans to provide comprehensive care to older adults for mobility and independence.
Managing Editor’s Letter:Intersectionality and Education
Authors: Cockrell-Abdullah Autumn
Published: February 2025

In curating this edition, we have sought to continue to bring together voices, ideas, and perspectives that showcase the depth and diversity of thought fostered by Kimberlie Crenshaw’s framework of Intersectionality.
Exploring Orientalism and Democracy in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: McGarry Susan
Published: February 2025

The study of Orientalism and perceptions of democracy within the Middle East and North Africa reveals a complex web of dynamics that influence sociopolitical interactions between the region and the Western world. By acknowledging the enduring legacy of Orientalism and its impact on shaping narratives about the region, researchers can work toward fostering a more equitable and respectful relationship and contribute to the development of strategies that promote democratic values and foster mutual understanding and cooperation.
China, Islam, and Gender: Analyzing the Power of Muslim Women Through the State’s Application of Policies and Messaging
Authors: Bragg Julianna
Published: February 2025

Muslim women have a longstanding history of oppression and leadership in China within the mosque, both religiously and educationally. The relationship between Muslim women’s influence and the ways the Chinese state oppresses them in modern contexts remains unexplored; however, how the Chinese state utilizes Islamophobic messaging and policies to limit the power of and attempt to silence the voices of Muslim feminists. This paper contributes to the current scholarship on Islamic feminism in China by examining the parallels between Muslim women consistently maintaining influence via positions of power in mosques and the state dictating limits on female power through the lens of intersectionality theory.
Exploring Performative Activism: Analyzing the Rise in GOP-Introduced Mental Health Legislation
Authors: Weems-West Payton
Published: February 2025

This research paper delves into the intricate interplay between Georgia’s state Republican-introduced mental health legislation and its implications for firearm restriction advocacy, with a focus on elucidating the phenomenon of performative activism. Moreover, this essay investigates the detrimental impact of such legislation on firearm restriction efforts, revealing how misguided policies perpetuate stigmatization, hinder access to mental health care, and impede progress toward evidence-based solutions for mitigating gun violence.
Caminem cap a una escola amb una mirada restaurativa
Authors: Cabau Pomar Rosanna , Vilà Geli Susanna , Román Romero Mònica
Published: February 2025

Caminar cap a una escola restaurativa ha suposat tenir present el benestar emocional de tota la Comunitat Educativa. Cuidar-nos en les nostres relacions interpersonals i construir una xarxa de persones que conviuen creant vincles, ha esdevingut un dels pilars fonamentals de la nostra escola.
Quan parlem d’Enfocament Restauratiu Global (ERG) no parlem d’una metodologia, parlem de la transmissió de valors com el respecte, la inclusió, la responsabilitat i la cooperació.
Per treballar i aprofundir en aquests valors hem de desenvolupar en el nostre alumnat diferents capacitats bàsiques com són l’escolta activa i empàtica, la comunicació no violenta (CNV) i  l’alfabetització de les emocions.
En definitiva, el nostre objectiu és aconseguir un infant crític, dialogant i responsable, que formi part d’una comunitat amable i que utilitzi  una comunicació oberta i positiva.
Caregiver ECHO: A Model for Delivering Virtual Behavior Management Education to Families of Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Nevill Rose E. , Lovette Gail E. , Bateman Katherine J. , Badgett Natalie M. , Lyons Genevieve R. , Fuhrmann Emily C. , Bohac Genevieve E. , Orlando Karen G. , Page Keith D.
Published: February 2025

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are at high risk of challenging behavior, yet families experience consistent barriers to affordable parent education in behavior management. This study tested the efficacy of a caregiver-focused Extensions of Community Health Outcomes (ECHO) program in delivering behavior management education and support to caregivers of children with NDD. A pre-post design was used to evaluate impact on 30 caregivers’ behavioral knowledge, self-efficacy in managing challenging behavior, empowerment, and negative emotional reactions to challenging behavior. Participation resulted in significant improvements across outcomes and high satisfaction. The Caregiver ECHO model offers advantages in that it emphasizes peer learning, active problem solving, and community building as core components of its approach while using low-cost methodologies.
Longitudinally Predicting Behavioral Challenges From Executive Functioning in Youth With Down Syndrome
Authors: Soltani Amanallah , Fidler Deborah J. , Patel Lina , Voth Kellie , Esbensen Anna J.
Published: February 2025

This study explored how caregiver-reported executive functioning domains, assessed by the BRIEF2 at baseline, predicted behavioral challenges reported by caregivers using the CBCL six months later. The sample included 94 youth with Down syndrome, aged 6 to 18 years. Results of hierarchical regression analyses revealed that, after controlling for the effect of IQ, working memory significantly predicted inattentive behaviors, inhibition significantly predicted rule-breaking behaviors, and both inhibition and emotional control significantly predicted aggressive and externalizing behaviors. After controlling for baseline behaviors, only working memory persisted as a significant predictor of inattentive behaviors measured six months later. The findings are discussed by referring to the relevant theories and research and providing clinical implications and recommendations for further studies.
Salawat Dulang : Minang Oral Tradition as Oral History of Islam
Authors: Chaterji Katia
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Salawat dulang is an oral tradition of the Minang peoples of West Sumatra (Indonesia) that simultaneously entertains an audience and reinforces knowledge about Islam ( dakwah ). Developed within the context of the Sufi Syattariyah brotherhood, salawat dulang reveals the influence of Islamic mysticism on the production and embodiment of Islamic knowledge in Sumatra through the performing arts. In this article, I apply perspectives and methods from oral history and performance ethnography to show how salawat dulang serves as an embodied practice that strengthens a practitioner’s position as both spiritual guide and oral historian for their community. Abstract: Salawat dulang merupakan tradisi lisan masyarakat Minang dari Sumatera Barat yang sekaligus menghibur penonton dan menyebar pengetahuan Islam sebagai dakwah. Salawat dulang berkembang dari tarekat Syattariyah, salah satu persaudaraan Sufi. Oleh karena itu, tradisi lisan tersebut mengungkap pengaruh tasawwuf terhadap produksi dan pengajian tubuh lewat seni pertunjukan. Dalam artikel ini, saya menerapkan perspektif dan metode dari sejarah lisan dan etnografi pertunjukan untuk membuktikan bagaimana salawat dulang berfungsi sebagai praktik tubuh (“embodied”) yang memperkuatkan posisi tukang sebagai baik pembimbing spiritual maupun sejarawan lisan bagi komunitas mereka.
Racing to Gender: Jack and Jill and the Social Reproduction of Gendered Respectability
Authors: Heard Ciauna
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Intersectionality is a critical method for analyzing the gendered-racial-classed dynamics of respectability politics. Through a case study of Jack and Jill of America, Inc., a Black social and civic organization, I demonstrate that the gendered socialization dynamics evidenced in this community are indicative of respectability politics and that these socializations are essential to the cohesion of the intersectional community. Based on an analysis of interviews with current and former members, I find that such respectable discipline functions in two ways: norms of respectability serve as an external-facing strategy to protect against social stigma and facilitate social integration into privileged spaces, while simultaneously marking the community's symbolic boundaries and shaping many of the fundamental cultural standards that community members strive to reproduce across generations.
Taming Dance in Meiji and Taishō Japan: Bon Dance Regulations, “Home Dance,” and the Creation of National Culture
Authors: Mehl Margaret
Published: February 2025

Abstract: The role of music and dance in the creation of the modern Japanese nation-state has yet to be fully appreciated. Dance was among the many areas of social activity in which the Japanese encountered different attitudes and practices after the forced opening of the country to Western powers. Concern about Western contempt for the allegedly immoral ways of the Japanese people, as well as the elite’s contempt for the practices of the common people, led to regulation and prohibition of customs deemed offensive—including, in the 1870s, the dances associated with the Bon festival. Meanwhile, Western-style ballroom dancing was introduced as part of a “Western civilization” ( seiyō bunmei ) package, but it, too, acquired a dubious reputation. Borrowing heavily from bon odori , the reform-oriented musicologists Tanaka Shōhei and Tanabe Hisao devised sō odori (communal dancing), which they intended as a more appropriate social and leisure activity for middle- and upper-class families. The form, later renamed katei odori (home dance), attracted significant media attention in the 1920s, although its actual dissemination is hard to gauge. The current article examines these attempts to regulate bon odori and its reinvention as katei odori , arguing that both of these efforts were part of a broader agenda for reforming social life and, moreover, exemplified the process of creating a democratic national culture that could be shared by all members of the nation. The article also discusses the dances as examples of how elements of common culture, despised and condemned by the social elite in the early Meiji period, were rehabilitated and transformed into cultural assets.
John Fowles, Oscar Wilde, and the Conspiracy of Fiction
Authors: Kintzele Paul
Published: February 2025

Abstract: John Fowles's 1965 novel The Magus , in which a mysterious and far-reaching "godgame" subjects the novel's protagonist to a series of deceptions that toy with his desires and punish his vanity, is a prime example of what one could call the "conspiratorial style" in fiction. Buried within the unfolding plot of Fowles's novel seem to be telling references to another text about the dangerous appeal of elaborate but unsubstantiated theories, Oscar Wilde's "The Portrait of Mr. W. H.," a story about one man's fatal obsession over discovering the true identity of the dedicatee of Shakespeare's sonnets. The Magus parallels Wilde's cautionary tale not only in its focus on the evocative power of the artistic muse but also in how it explores the distorting effects of desire and the lure of solving what may well be unsolvable.
LLIN Evaluation in Uganda Project (LLINEUP2) – Effect of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) treated with pyrethroid plus pyriproxyfen vs LLINs treated with pyrethroid plus piperonyl butoxide in Uganda: A cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Gonahasa Samuel , Namuganga Jane Frances , Nassali Martha J. , Maiteki‑Sebuguzi Catherine , Nabende Isaiah , Epstein Adrienne , Snyman Katherine , Nankabirwa Joaniter I. , Opigo Jimmy , Donnelly Martin J. , Dorsey Grant , Kamya Moses R. , Staedke Sarah G.
Published: February 2025

Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the cornerstone of malaria control, but their effectiveness is threatened by pyrethroid resistance. We embedded a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial into Uganda’s national LLIN distribution campaign in 2020–2021, comparing pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide (PBO) LLINs to pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen LLINs. Target communities surrounding public health facilities (clusters, n=64), covering 32 districts were included. Clusters were randomised 1:1 in blocks of two by district to receive: (1) pyrethroid-PBO LLINs (PermaNet 3.0, n=32) or (2) pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen LLINs (Royal Guard, n=32). LLINs were delivered from 7 November 2020 to 26 March 2021. Malaria surveillance data were collected from health facilities from 1 November 2019 until 31 March 2023. Cluster-level estimates of malaria incidence in residents of all ages (primary outcome) were generated from enhanced health facility surveillance data. Cross-sectional community surveys were conducted in randomly selected households (at least 50 per cluster) at 12-months (24 November 2021 to 1 April 2022) and 24-months (23 November 2022 to 21 March 2023) post-LLIN distribution. Overall, 186,364 clinical malaria episodes were diagnosed in cluster residents during 398,931 person-years of follow-up. At 24-months, malaria incidence was lower than baseline in both arms (pyrethroid-PBO: 465 vs 676 episodes per 1000 person-years; pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen: 469 vs 674 episodes per 1000 person-years); but there was no evidence of a difference between the arms (incidence rate ratio 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91–1.22, p=0.47). Two years post-distribution, ownership of at least one LLIN for every two household residents was low in both arms (41.1% pyrethroid-PBO vs 38.6% pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen). Parasite prevalence in children aged 2-10 years was no different between the arms in either survey (24-months: 26.1% pyrethroid-PBO; 29.5% pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen; odds ratio 1.29 [95% CI: 0.81–2.05], p=0.29). The effectiveness of pyrethroid-PBO LLINs and pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen LLINs was no different in Uganda, but two years after mass distribution, LLIN coverage was inadequate.

Trial registration: NCT04566510. Registered 28 September 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04566510
Using health belief model to assess the determinants of HIV/AIDS prevention behavior among university students in Central, Tanzania: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Seif Saidi J. , Oguma Erick Donard , Joho Angelina A
Published: February 2025

The adolescent and youth population is at high risk of contracting HIV infection. Little is known in Tanzania regarding the application of Health Belief Model (HBM) in identifying the factors that influence HIV prevention behaviors within this group. This study aims to use the Health Belief Model to assess the determinants of HIV/AIDS prevention behavior among University students in central Tanzania. The analytical cross-sectional study design was conducted among undergraduate students at the University of Dodoma and St. John University in Tanzania, from 15th June 2024 to 15th July 2024. The multiple sampling techniques were employed to select 310 study participants. A structured questionnaire adapted from previous studies was used to collect data from study participants. The determinants of HIV/AIDS prevention behaviors were analyzed using bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression models. The majority of study respondents 248 (80%) had adequate knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention behaviors. Most of respondents had high perceived barrier 175 (56.5%) and high perceived benefit 194 (62.6%) toward HIV prevention behavior. More than half of the study respondents had negative attitude 172 (55.5%) and low level of engagement in HIV/AIDS prevention behavior 173 (55.8%). The University students with high perceived barriers (aOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.350–0.966; p = 0.036) and negative attitudes (aOR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.362–0.995; p = 0.048) were less likely to engage in HIV/AIDS prevention behavior practice. This study revealed that more than half of university students were poorly engaged in HIV/AIDS prevention behavior practice. This low level of engagement was mostly influenced by high perceived barriers and negative attitudes toward HIV prevention behavior. Putting more efforts into initiatives to educate university students about HIV prevention practices, will help to maximize their awareness and encourage them to participate in HIV/AIDS prevention behavior.
Neural efficiency in EFL learning and positive psychology
Authors: Hsu Liwei
Published: February 2025

This study aims to investigate how teachers’ positive feedback influences learners’ positive psychology in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction and to examine how positive psychology enhances learning outcomes through the neural efficiency hypothesis. The study employed three neuroscientific and behavioral experiments to address these questions. Study 1, with 78 college-level EFL learners, examined the effect of teachers’ positive feedback on learners’ positive psychology and found a significant positive impact. Study 2, conducted with 102 EFL learners, tested the neural efficiency hypothesis and revealed that higher positive psychology improved neural efficiency, with positive feedback moderating this effect. Study 3, involving 54 EFL learners, explored the relationship between neural efficiency and learning outcomes, confirming that enhanced neural efficiency leads to better learning performance. Beyond education, the results underscore the broader relevance of positive psychology and neural efficiency in other domains, such as workplace performance, skill acquisition, and personal development, where maintaining cognitive efficiency and well-being is crucial. These findings highlight the importance of positive feedback in fostering positive psychology, improving neural efficiency, and enhancing learning outcomes. The study offers theoretical contributions and practical recommendations for EFL educators to leverage positive feedback and promote effective learning.
Non-linear association between AKI alert detection rate by physicians and medical costs
Authors: Ai Hai-bo , Jiang En-li , Wang Hai , Yang Qi , Jin Qi-zu , Wan Li , Liu Jing-ying , He Cheng-qi
Published: February 2025

Background

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high mortality rates and long-term adverse outcomes and significantly increases medical costs. The AKI electronic alert system built the AKI diagnostic algorithm into the medical system, along with automated collection of key indications and generation of alerts. However, the relationship between the AKI electronic alert system and medical costs is still unknown.

Methods

An exploratory secondary analysis of data from a double-blinded, multicenter, parallel, randomized controlled trial to investigate the association between the AKI electronic alert system and medical costs.

Results

Finally, a total of 6030 patients were enrolled in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the alert group was not significantly associated with medical costs (all p-values >  0.05). However, the rate of alert detection by an attending physician demonstrated a notable negative correlation with medical costs; adjusted effects for direct and total costs were −126.78$ and −236.82$, respectively. The curve fitting and threshold effect analysis revealed that when the rate of alert detection by an attending physician was between 18% and 59%, each unit increase in the rate corresponded to decreases in direct cost by 363.94 (−463.34, −264.55) $ and in total cost by 698.93 (−885.78, −512.07) $. Our subgroup analysis also found a significant relationship between the rate and medical costs.

Conclusion

The alert group did not significantly reduce medical costs compared to the usual care group. However, the rate of alert detection by an attending physician had a significant negative association with medical costs, and there was a threshold effect between them. When the rate was between 18% and 59%, medical costs decreased as the rate increased, and when the rate was < 18% or ≥  59%, medical costs did not decrease as the rate increased.
Seasonality, long-term trends and co-occurrence of sharks in a top predator assemblage
Authors: Balchin George P. , Schuller Anina , di Stefano Isabella , Robertson Michelle , Pollard Kym , Hughes William O. H.
Published: February 2025

Shark predator assemblages play an important role in the top-down processes that are vital to marine ecosystem functioning. Spatiotemporal partitioning of sharks due to seasonal movements or population changes may have significant consequences for the top-down effects, depending on the level of functional redundancy in the assemblage. However, long-term, co-occurrence data for sharks is hard to obtain and often lacking. Here we use citizen science data collected by professional scuba guides over seven years to model the seasonal and across-year temporal dynamics, and intraguild and trophic co-occurrence interactions, for an assemblage of six shark top predators (Carcharhinus leucas, Carcharhinus obscurus, Carcharhinus limbatus, Carcharias taurus, Sphyrna lewini, and Galeocerdo cuvier). The presence of all six study species were clearly seasonal and, in most cases, exhibited positive long-term trends across years. The seasonalities observed, combined with temporal co-occurrence analysis, suggests that dietary redundancy but temporal complementarity exists amongst the top predator assemblage. The study shows citizen science data collected by professional non-scientists is a cost-effective method for monitoring top predators and may be able to highlight potential predator-prey interactions worthy of further investigation.
Differences in the clinical presentation of sleep apnea patients according to age and gender
Authors: Lyyra Olli , Lammintausta Aino , Gustafsson Per-Erik , Anttalainen Ulla , Saaresranta Tarja
Published: February 2025

Background

Data on sleep apnea is scarce in the elderly. We aimed to provide insight into the presentation of sleep apnea in people over 70 years of age including gender differences.

Methods

We conducted a registry study in sleep apnea patients >18 years of age diagnosed at Turku University Hospital in 2012–2019. Patients whose sleep apnea was classified at least moderate according to apnea-hypopnea index were included (N = 5870; Men = 65.7%; Mean age 57.5 ± 13.5 years). Data on cardiorespiratory polygraphy (PG) variables, Body Mass Index (BMI), pre-existing depression diagnoses, number of comorbidities, the scores of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), depression scale (DEPS) and psychological distress (12-item General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-12), and capillary blood gas results were derived from electronic medical records. Patients were stratified into three groups according to age: <70 (young-middle aged), 70–80 (elderly) and >80 years of age (very elderly).

Results

The severity of sleep apnea did not differ between the age groups based on any of the PG variables studied. No significant differences were found in the level of subjective daytime sleepiness between age groups. Women had higher DEPS scores than men in all age groups. Very elderly men had higher DEPS scores compared to men in other age groups (6.3 ± 4.6 vs. 5.6 ± 5.9 vs. 5.1 ± 4.8, p < 0.05) while the differences in DEPS scores did not reach significance among women. Each unit increase in SpO2 was associated with a 22% decrease in the odds of having a DEPS score of ≥9.

Conclusion

The severity of sleep apnea or subjective daytime sleepiness did not differ among age groups in moderate-severe sleep apnea patients. Occurrence of depressive symptoms was consistently more common in women than in men of comparable age. Mental wellbeing was the worst in the very elderly. Higher SpO2 was associated with less depressive symptoms.
Right heart dysfunction does not increase mortality associated with cemented hemiarthroplasty for hip fractures: A retrospective, preliminary analysis
Authors: Coscia Atticus , Kumar Avnee , Jandzinski Michal , Swany Lauren , Fuster Francisco , Ahn Jaimo
Published: February 2025

Background

Cemented hemiarthroplasty (CH) is the preferred treatment for geriatric intracapsular hip fracture. Historically, there has been concern regarding cardiopulmonary morbidity related to bone cement impaction syndrome (BCIS). Right ventricular dysfunction predisposes to BCIS, though limited data supports this association. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if right heart dysfunction was predictive of mortality and cardiopulmonary morbidity following cemented hip hemiarthroplasty.

Methods and findings

This study was a retrospective chart review and analysis conducted at a tertiary referral medical center. Patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty (cemented or press fit) at a single institution for the treatment of intracapsular hip fracture between January 1, 2013, and January 1, 2021 and had an echocardiogram completed within 90 days of their surgery were retrospectively included. Two groups of patients with right heart dysfunction were evaluated: 1) patients who carried a preexisting diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension prior to hospital admission for hip hemiarthroplasty and, 2) patients with echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension.

The primary outcomes included intraoperative hemodynamic instability consistent with bone cement impaction syndrome (BCIS), in-hospital mortality, and 1-year mortality. N = 74 patients were included. 45 patients underwent cemented hemiarthroplasty and 29 patients received press-fit stems. Preexisting diagnosis of right heart dysfunction and echocardiographic evidence of right heart dysfunction were not significantly associated with BCIS, in-hospital, nor 1-year mortality. However, cementation was significantly associated with 1-year mortality (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Right heart dysfunction does not appear to predispose patients to cardiopulmonary complications or early mortality following cemented hip hemiarthroplasty. Cementation was, however, independently associated with 1-year post-operative mortality. These data add to a growing body of literature which suggests that patients with multiple medical comorbidities may be at risk of adverse outcomes related to cementation. BCIS is uncommon, remains poorly understood, and further investigation is warranted.