bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOSIALISASI PEMANFAATAN ATRIBUT DARURAT GUNA PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN COVID-19 DI DESA MARGAJAYA KECAMATAN METRO KIBANG
Authors: Destrilia Intan
Published: November 2023

Sejak tahun 2019 masyarakat Indonesia digemparkan dengan Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid- 19) sebagai pandemi, saat itu pemerintah mulai melakukan beberapa langka dalam melakukan penanggulangan penyebaran virus corona dengan memberikan informasi bahaya covid 19 dan membuat protokol-protokol kesehatan serta penginformasian penggunaan atribut darurat covid 19 secara benar. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dalam pemahaman bahaya covid 19 dan penggunaan atribut darurat covid 19 secara benar. Sasaran lokasi pengabdian ini Desa Margajaya Metro Kibang. Kegiatan akan dilakukan dalam bentuk sosialisasi. Keberhasilan kegiatan ini di evaluasi dengan melihat perkembangan masyarakat saat dilakukan sosialisasi apakah ada perkembangan yang cukup signifikan dengan materi yang di sampaikan atau belum. Secara kualitatif dapat dilihat dari hasil sosialisasi menunjukan masyarakat adanya peningkatan pengetahuan hal tersebut dilihat dari hasil proses tanya jawab dari pemateri kemasyarakat dan dapat dilihat juga dari proses praktek secara langsung penggunaan atribut darurat covid 19 secara benar.
Traces of paleogeodynamic processes in the zone junctions of the Middle and Lower Kura depressions
Authors: Yusubov N.
Published: November 2023

The territory of Azerbaijan covers the southeastern part of the Greater Caucasus meganticlinorium, the northeastern parts of the mountain systems of the Lesser Caucasus and Talysh, i.e., basins of the Lower and Middle Kura, as well as the southwestern and western zones of the Middle and South Caspian depressions, respectively. The combination of these large structural elements determines the very complex tectonic structure of the territory of Azerbaijan, including the Middle and Lower Kura basins.

The article presents the results of a study conducted to study the paleotectonic processes that took place in the Cenozoic in the junction zone of the Middle and Lower Kura depressions, according to modern (2017—2018) seismic survey data using the common depth point method. The geological structure of the constituent parts of these depressions is considered, and paleotectonic processes are described that played an important role in their formation and led to the divergence of the geological sections of these depressions in the interval from the end of the Cretaceous to the end of the Lower Pliocene. When comparing the seismic wave pattern representing the geological sections of the Middle and Lower Kura depressions, it becomes clear that the compensation of the volumes of sedimentary material is carried out by Pliocene terrigenous deposits in the Lower Kura and Paleogene sediments in the Middle Kura depressions. At the same time, here, the hypsometry of the Miocene-Maikop interval of the section differs by 1300—1500 m.

The article presents the author’s positions on the post-Cretaceous tectonic processes of the evolutionary development of the geological structure of these basins in the zone of their junction, where the Mingacheir-Saatli-Talysh transverse Mesozoic uplift (Saatly-Geokchay zone of Mesozoic uplifts) occupies an important place.
Pecu liarities of applying the practice of the ECHR in the consideration of election disputes in Ukraine
Authors: Horobets N.S. , Hlushchenko N.V.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the application of the practice of the ECHR in the consideration of election disputes by national courts. It was noted that consideration and resolution of election disputes by the ECHR is a common way for the applicant to protect his electoral rights, but only on the condition that national remedies have been exhausted. It was found that one of the main norms used by the ECHR in cases of violation of election rights is Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 to the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, which guarantees the right to free elections, but when resolving election disputes, the court does not is limited only to it, and relies on the standards provided by Articles 6, 10, 14 of the Convention. The study of individual decisions of the ECHR, in particular against Ukraine, made it possible to conclude that the ECHR applies the following key principles and standards for consideration of election disputes: equality in electoral processes, transparency and unambiguity, justice of the judiciary, protection of fundamental human rights. It has been established that the peculiarity of the position of the ECHR regarding the consideration of election disputes is that: firstly, Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 to the Convention protects electoral rights only when forming a body of legislative power, secondly, the right to free elections is not absolute and each state can set certain limits, thirdly, decisions of national courts on election disputes must be based on sufficient evidence and meet the standards of justice. It was found out that the latest decisions of the ECHR based on the results of consideration of applicants' complaints regarding Ukraine's violation of Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 to the Convention relate to violations of vote counting, invalidation of election results in the electoral district, cancellation of candidate registration for repeat parliamentary elections in individual districts. It was concluded that such decisions confirm the need to study and take into account the practice of the ECHR regarding the consideration of election disputes in order to improve the constitutional and legal norms on elections, the norms of the legislation of Ukraine, which regulate the judicial procedure for considering complaints of subjects of the election process. However, it was emphasized that the ECHR election dispute review procedure has shortcomings, which indicates the need for its improvement in the future.
Reform of competition legislation in Ukraine
Authors: Grechkivskyi V.D.
Published: November 2023

The scientific article is devoted to determining the specifics of the reform of competition legislation in Ukraine. On the path of European integration, Ukraine faces the need to reform certain spheres of state power, in particular in the area of regulation of competition law, following the example of the countries of the European Union. By signing the Association Agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states, on the other hand, Ukraine undertook to fulfill a number of provisions on bringing national legislation into line with the legislation of European countries. One of the directions of bringing national legislation to the legislation of European countries is the need for compliance with national legislation, in particular Article 256 of the Association Agreement, the provisions of which will be analyzed in this scientific article. In addition, the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Improving the Activities of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine” dated August 9, 2023 3295­IX, adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, will be analyzed. The article will also note that the reform of competition legislation in Ukraine consists in the implementation of this law, the provisions of which will enter into force in 2024. The article will point out the shortcomings and advantages of this Law and determine the main provisions that will ensure compliance of national competition legislation with the provisions of the Association Agreement. The specifics of the changes that will take place in the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine in the process of implementing the norms of the above-mentioned Law, as well as the specifics of the changes in economic procedural legal relations, will also be considered. In addition, the scientific article will reveal how the relevant law will affect the activities of the notary and the National Police in Ukraine.
Non-governmental human rights organizations and protection of rights at the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Demydenko A.L.
Published: November 2023

The article clarifies the role of non-governmental human rights organizations in the protection of rights at the European Court of Human Rights, as well as the forms of such protection. The practical aspects of the participation of human rights NGOs in the protection of rights at the ECHR are analyzed, and the dual nature of the participation of such organizations at the level of the human rights court is determined. First, the organization protects its rights as a legal entity. It not only defends its rights, but also provides a practical example for other similar organizations. That is, other organizations that may face similar violations in the future can protect their rights based on, among other things. on the decision of the ECtHR. Secondly, the organization indirectly protects other civil, social, and economic human rights. Regardless of whether the organization is the applicant or participates in the proceedings as a third party, it seeks changes in the socio-political events of the country with its own position adopted by the ECtHR. In the case of Romania, the organization pushed for the country to adopt appropriate legislation for same-sex couples, equating them in rights with traditional spouses; in climate affairs, organizations should encourage national governments to take additional measures to protect the life and health of the population, etc.

It was concluded that the participation of human rights non-governmental organizations in the ECHR has both a theoretical and a practical aspect. The theoretical aspect is the possibility of organizations to participate in the proceedings as an applicant (protecting their own rights and not the rights of third parties) or a third party, while fulfilling the conditions regarding the admissibility of the application. The practical aspect is that organizations indirectly protect human rights by influencing the socio-political events and the development of democracy and the rule of law.
Regulation of space activities: 1958-1963
Authors: Marinich V.K. , Myklush M.I. , Yara O.S.
Published: November 2023

Stagnation in the development of the process of regulation of relations in outer space and on celestial bodies as well as a large number of gaps and contradictions in this area along with impressive technical progress in the field of space activities and the expansion of its subject composition have led to the need to reconsider existing approaches to regulating such relations.

This article is the beginning of an extensive study of the process and results of the regulation of space activities from 1958 to the present day.

The purpose of this study is a deep analysis of international documents adopted for the entire period of space activities, as well as an attempt to highlight the basic principles, concepts, models, and rules of space activities.

The results of this study will make it possible to understand the issues that remain unresolved and the gaps in the field of space law and also set new tasks for the development of space law and suggest ways to solve them.

This article includes a review and analysis of international documents adopted at the first stage of the development of space activities (1958­1963), and also the goals and conditions for their adoption. As a result of this analysis, the article presents a list and description of the tasks that were formed by the international community at this stage along with the difficulties that arose at the stage of their formation and implementation. In addition, a new vision of the concepts that arose at this stage in connection with the need to regulate space activities is proposed.

In the future, the results of this analysis will allow us to continue the study of space relationships to determine and describe the essence of the legal systems that regulate or may regulate space activities, as well as to identify (define, classify, and formulate) spatial-territorial jurisdictions and subject-object composition of participants in space activities.
International currency legal relations and international economic relations: interconnection and interaction
Authors: Muzyka-Stefanchuk O. , Yakymchuk N.
Published: November 2023

International currency relations are considered through the prism of international economic relations. It is emphasized that the latter arise between subjects from different countries, between tax residents of different tax jurisdictions regarding the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods, provision and receipt of services, capital circulation.

It is argued that international economic relations are manifested at different levels of the economy (micro-, meta-, macro-levels). Where the macro level is the level of state and interstate international processes; metalevel these are international ties of industry and regional importance; micro level is the level of connections between firms of different countries.

International economic contacts, international economic interaction, international economic cooperation, international economic integration are considered in detail.

It is proved that the existence of international economic relations gave impetus to the formation of international economic and international currency (monetary) law. So, in the context of international economic law, international currency law and the corresponding legal relations arose as early as the 19th century, and they received the greatest development in the second half of the 20th century. In the XIX-XX centuries currency and financial systems are actively developing both domestically and internationally. It also gave impetus to the formation and development of economic and financial science.

The stages of the evolutionary development of the world monetary and financial system are considered. The main principles of the organization of currency relations in different periods are analyzed.

Alternative options to the existing currency system proposed by various authors are critically considered.

It is proven that the formation and development of international trade relations, the world economy, and the world currency system contributed to the formation of a certain system of legal norms regulating relations in the currency sphere. At the same time, such norms are considered within the framework of different legislation, studied in different academic disciplines.
A constitutional complaint is a mechanism for protecting the constitutional rights of citizens
Authors: Bysaga Yu.M. , Berch V.V. , Byelov D.M.
Published: November 2023

It has been established that a constitutional complaint helps citizens protect their constitutional rights and freedoms from violations by authorities. In a world where civil rights and liberties are threatened, this mechanism remains critical. The specified legal instrument is actually a means of limiting power and provides an opportunity to control the actions of the authorities, checking their compliance with constitutional norms. Therefore, a constitutional complaint is an important component of democracy, as it supports the principle of the rule of law and contributes to the development of a judicial system that guarantees equality before the law and a fair trial.

It is emphasized that the recommendations of the Venice Commission note a significant trend in the development of European constitutionalism, which refers to the expansion of the scope of constitutional control over individual administrative decisions and judicial acts based on individual complaints. This trend is explained by the fact that human rights violations often occur due to unconstitutional actions or decisions that were taken in accordance with constitutional regulations.

It is noted that constitutional courts are key actors in the field of consideration of constitutional complaints in many countries and usually have an independent status from other branches of government. This means that they make decisions without any influence, which makes their decisions more objective and fair. Decisions of constitutional courts have a decisive influence on the protection of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, and constitutional courts are a symbol of the rule of law in society. Their role is to remind all citizens and authorities that the Constitution is the supreme law that must be respected.

In summary, a constitutional complaint is an important tool for ensuring the rule of law and protecting the constitutional rights of citizens. This mechanism helps to avoid abuse of power, non­compliance with constitutional norms and provides citizens with an opportunity to defend their rights in court. As a result, it contributes to the strengthening of legal democracy and the protection of human rights and freedoms.
Implementation of the principle of people's power as a way of participation in the administration of justice
Authors: Bysaga Y.M. , Zaborovsky V.V.
Published: November 2023

The publication examines the doctrinal principles on the forms of direct democracy and the existing problems regarding the exercise of power by the people. Based on the historical perspective of the analysis of European legislation in this area, ways of improving the Basic Law of Ukraine are proposed.

It was established that, despite the insignificant and contradictory support of the thinkers of the ancient world and the Middle Ages regarding the need to recognize the right of the people to cancel the legislative acts of the representative bodies of the state, this idea received significant development precisely in the era of the New Age, when the proclamation of people's rule was accompanied by the establishment of parliamentarism, the authority and trust of which is constantly fell among the common people. It has been proven that the essence of such judgments was that modern democracy is based on the idea of popular sovereignty, that is, on the need to create such a system of state-legal relations that would ensure the primacy of law in all spheres of social relations and enable the people to exercise their right to be the source and basis state power precisely because of various forms of political participation in the state management of the country, one of which is participation in the exercise of judicial power.

It has been determined that the views of thinkers in support of forms of people's power boil down to the fact that the right to limit state power is recognized as an inalienable, natural human right that belongs to them from birth. Therefore, people's power itself is one of the means related to the system of checks and balances, and therefore helps not only the normal functioning of state authorities by exercising control over the actions of their representatives, but also the direct exercise of power by the people, which thereby helps to ensure the principle of popular sovereignty.

It has been established that today the practice of applying forms of direct democracy is significantly ahead of theoretical developments in this area. This very issue is voluminous, and at the same time there are a large number of gaps and contradictions in the possibility of constitutional consolidation of new forms of people's rule.
The place and role of the Supreme council of justice in the system of state authorities
Authors: Deshko L.
Published: November 2023

The Supreme Council of Justice is an important body in the system of state authorities in Ukraine. This article analyzes the place and role of the Supreme Council of Justice in the context of the Ukrainian justice system and state power.

The Supreme council of justice emerged to replace the former High Council of Justice and aims to ensure the independence of the judiciary. It consists of 21 members who are elected to the positions of judges and representatives of society. One of the main tasks of the Supreme council of justice is to determine the selection procedures and qualification requirements for judges, which ensures a high professional standard in the judicial system.

One of the key functions of the Supreme Council is to determine the principles of disciplinary responsibility for judges and control their activities. This helps ensure judicial ethics and judges' compliance with high standards of professional conduct. The Supreme Administrative Court also handles appeals against decisions regarding judges and other matters related to their activities. This provides the possibility of reviewing and correcting decisions, which contributes to the improvement of the quality of justice.

In addition, the Supreme council of justice plays an important role in promoting reforms in the judicial system, introducing new approaches to the judiciary and ensuring the independence of the courts from the influence of other branches of government. In general, the Supreme Council of Justice in Ukraine plays a key role in ensuring the independence and high quality of the judicial system. It contributes to the improvement of the judicial system, the determination of standards of professional behavior of judges and ensuring compliance with their principles of justice and legality.
The constitutional right to a jury trial and a fast trial: the experience of the United States, international private law, international public law
Authors: Kuzmenko O. , L. Panasevych , Novosad I.
Published: November 2023

International private law and international public law are branches of law that regulate various aspects of relations between states and other subjects. Their interaction is a multifaceted process that multifacetedly reflects various aspects of relations between states and directly affects both relations between legal entities and international politics. On the one hand, these two branches of international law hav e common goals and principles, such as ensuring justice, equality and protection of human rights. On the other hand, there are differences that can lead to a conflict between the norms of these branches of law. In such cases, it is necessary to decide which norm should be applied. In the context of interaction, the question of applying the norms of international law to private law relations arises. In some cases, norms of international law can be applied directly to private law relations. In such cases, norms of international law have priority over norms of national law. The Russian invasion of Ukraine was a serious violation of international law. In response to this violation, Ukraine and other countries implemented a number of measures aimed at protecting people's rights and security. It is important that the norms of international and public law continue to be applied in Ukraine to protect the rights and safety of people. Armed conflicts are usually accompanied by large-scale human rights violations, such as killings, torture and deportation. In such conditions, it is important that the norms of international and public law continue to be applied to protect the rights and safety of people. However, the application of these norms may be complicated due to the special conditions of an armed conflict. In this work, an attempt is made to outline the main aspects of the interaction between private international law and public international law from the point of view of conflict, norms and their regulation in the context of the historical approach and modern challenges.
Freedom as a legal value: nature and features
Authors: Bondar N.A. , Mishchenko M.S.
Published: November 2023

Freedom as a legal value has always been the subject of in-depth analysis, important debates and discussions in the field of legal and political science. This topic is becoming extremely relevant in the context of martial law in Ukraine, when the rights and freedoms of citizens are being tested and restricted.

In the context of the legal system of Ukraine, as well as other legal systems of the world, freedom occupies an important place among the system of civil and political rights. This value is an integral part of civil society and the rule of law, and it guarantees individual autonomy and the ability of citizens to make independent decisions.

Modern social changes, political and military conflicts, as well as various crisis situations may lead to excessive restrictions on freedom in the context of the introduction of a state of emergency or other restrictions under the guise of national security. Such restrictions must be justified and limited only to the minimum extent necessary to ensure the overall security of society and protect the rights and freedoms of citizens.

The article is devoted to an in-depth analysis of the concept of freedom as a legal value in the context of current Ukrainian legislation. The article examines the essence and nature of this category, identifies its value and legal and applied aspects. It is important to determine how freedom is defined as the ability of a person to choose and act on his or her own initiative. In addition, the article emphasises the role of freedom in modern Ukrainian society and its impact on the rights and freedoms of Ukrainian citizens.

Freedom is one of the key issues that reflects the complex dialectical process of development of the modern world. First, freedom means the ability for a person to choose his or her own path and act on his or her own initiative. Secondly, it is defined as a fundamental principle of law that provides for the possibility of subject autonomy, where the subject is not limited by external coercive actions and can independently make decisions about his or her behaviour. Thirdly, freedom is the basis for protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens, developing democracy and creating a civil society where citizens have the opportunity to influence events in society and jointly address important issues.
Approaches to the classification of personal non-property rights in conditions of digitalization
Authors: Menjul M. , Fazikosh V.
Published: November 2023

The article carries out a systematic analysis of the classification of personal non-property rights in the conditions of digitalization. The differences between various concepts that can be found in both Ukrainian and European sources are analyzed, in particular «digital» and «digitization». The approach enshrined in the Cambridge Dictionary was studied. In addition, it was established that in European scientific articles, the term «digitalization» is used by researchers more broadly from the standpoint of «people's ability to use digital services.» In Ukraine, both terms - «digitization» and «digitalization» are also used in parallel. At the same time, this takes place primarily among scientists, some use the term «digitalization», other scientists use the term «digitalization». The analysis of the content of scientific publications showed that the terms «digitalization» and «digitalization» are used in the vast majority of cases for the same processes that occur under the influence of digital transformations and technological development.

When clarifying the impact of digitalization on the classification of personal non-property rights, a thorough analysis of classical approaches was carried out. We agreed with some, and pointed out problematic aspects and inconsistencies with regard to others.

It was found out how the process of recodification of the Central Committee of Ukraine will affect the classification of personal non-property rights, in particular, an agreed position was established regarding the need to preserve a pluralistic approach to the system of personal non-property rights, but with their «consolidation»,

The classification of personal non-property rights was carried out according to the following main criteria: by the source of consolidation; by subject; by turnover; by its content.

It is substantiated that changes in the classification of personal non-property rights are taking place in the conditions of digitalization, in particular, when dividing them according to content, we highlighted: general personal non­property rights of an individual; special personal non-property rights of an individual; personal non­property rights of individuals and legal entities, the specifics of whose content are determined by digitalization (in particular, it takes place as a transformation of classic rights, for example, the right to information, and also causes the emergence of new rights due to the development and consolidation of virtual reality and other technologies).
Current issues of legal support for food security in the context of agroecocide
Authors: Kurman T.V.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the study of topical issues of legal support for food security under martial law and agroecocide in Ukraine. The author emphasises that ensuring food security is one of the main tasks of every civilised state and the international community in the modern world. For Ukraine, which is currently in extremely difficult conditions of martial law, the issues of food supply and overcoming the negative consequences of disruption of agricultural production and agro­logistics processes are of particular importance. Waging a full-scale war on the territory of Ukraine creates threats in the area of food supply both for the population of our country and other countries which are import-dependent on Ukrainian agricultural products.

The article examines the current state of legal support for food security, analyses novelties and identifies the problems of legislative regulation of relations in this area. The author's own definition of the concept of «agroecocide» is formulated. The author emphasises that currently there is no effective legal mechanism for ensuring food security and liability for agroecocide in Ukraine.

The author comes to the conclusion that the problem of forming a holistic mechanism for legal support of food security in Ukraine, as well as criminalisation of agroecocide both at the level of national legislation and at the international legal level, is extremely relevant today. This legal mechanism should be aimed at solving specific tasks that meet the current interests and expectations of citizens, territorial communities, Ukrainian society and the State, in particular in the context of martial law and agroecocide, and also contribute to further improvement of the current legislation of Ukraine, scientific and economic development, and social progress, which are impossible without ensuring food security of the State and sustainable development of the agricultural sector.
Some issues of correlation between the state land cadastre and land monitoring
Authors: Sharapova S.V.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to some issues of correlation between the state land cadastre and land monitoring. It is emphasized that such functions as the state land cadastre and land monitoring play a significant role in the management system in the field of land use and protection. It is emphasized that the State land cadastre and land monitoring are the main source of information on the qualitative and quantitative state of land. Such information is necessary for solving relevant tasks and making informed decisions in the field of land management.

It is emphasized that land monitoring, which is carried out with the aim of obtaining information on the qualitative state of land resources, plays a significant role in the implementation of cadastral activities and is one of its directions.

It is emphasized that the State Land Cadastre, as a function of management in the field of land use, protection and restoration, is closely interrelated with such functions as land monitoring and control over land use and protection. It is emphasized that these functions have the feature of complementing each other, which makes it possible to achieve the goals and objectives in the field of public administration in the land sector.

The author examines the functions inherent in the State Land Cadastre, one of which is information. The author also notes that based on the data obtained during land monitoring, the State Land Cadastre's database on the qualitative characteristics of land is filled with information on land. In addition, the overall goal of the state land cadastre and land monitoring is to protect and preserve land resources. Thus, the tasks of land monitoring include information support of the state land cadastre, which in turn complements the content of land cadastral activities.

It is emphasized that the State Land Cadastre and land monitoring are the main sources of information on the state of land resources which allow obtaining objective data throughout the country. The information contained in the State Land Cadastre system and obtained in the course of land monitoring serves as the legal basis for making the necessary decisions by public authorities in the field of land use and protection. Formation of a database based on monitoring information is one of the means of ensuring cadastral activities.
El edredón del conocimiento (Jnan Gudari)
Authors: Álvarez Mariela , Lorenzen David N.
Published: November 2023

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S. R. Schram, ed., The Scope of State Power in China, Londres, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, The Chinese University Press, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1985, 381 pp.
Authors: Connelly Marisela
Published: November 2023

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El arte de curar babilónico. Las fuentes para su estudio
Authors: César Pangas Julio
Published: November 2023

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James Cahill, C.C. Wang, Lynn King. C.C. Wang: Landscape Paintings. Hong Kong, Hsi An T'ang, distribuido por University of Washington Press, Seattle, 1986. 91 pp.
Authors: Cornejo Bustamante Romer
Published: November 2023

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Shuen-fu Lin y Stephen Owen (eds.), The Vitality of the Lyric Voice; Shih Poetry from the Late Han to the Tang, Princeton, 1986. xiv+405 pp.
Authors: Maeth Ch. Rusell
Published: November 2023

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Innovative thrust vectoring system with moveable jet vanes integrated with a moveable diffuser – Measurement and analysis of selected nozzle performance parameters
Authors: Nocoń Łukasz Krzysztof , Grzyb Marta , Szmidt Piotr , Nowakowski Łukasz Marian
Published: November 2023

The aim of the study described herein was to design, construct and test a demonstrator of a system to control the direction of the resultant thrust vector of a rocket motor to be used in short range anti-tank missiles with a mass of up to 15 kg. The novelty of the system is that the direction of the resultant thrust vector is manipulated by means of moveable jet vanes integrated with a moveable nozzle diffuser through telescopic connectors. The technology demonstrator was built using different materials and different manufacturing processes. The first versions were 3D printed from plastic materials. Minor modifications to the design were made at an early stage. The final version had the main components made of aluminum using CNC machining. The system, with and without jet vanes, was tested on a specially developed test rig equipped with a multi-axis sensor to measure forces and torques. The nozzle performance parameters measured and analyzed in this study were the components of the thrust vector, the moments and the effective vectoring angle. The findings show that the experimental data are in good agreement with the results of earlier simulations and that the demonstrator is fully operational.
Judging Climate Change
Authors: Schuppisser Lyne
Published: November 2023

Since global and national political efforts to tackle climate change are failing, climate change litigation is on the rise worldwide. In climate change litigation, claimants try to legally advance climate protection in manifold ways. In particular, strategic, rights-based climate change litigation is becoming more common in which claimants use a human rights-based approach in their attempt to advance social change. While a rights-based claim filed by Urgenda in the Netherlands succeeded, a similar Swiss case brought by KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz, failed. Why did the two cases have different outcomes despite the similarity of the cases and the countries? This paper seeks an answer by comparing the legal and political systems of the countries as well as by conducting expert interviews. In sum, the Urgenda and KlimaSeniorinnen cases differed because Dutch law has more generous procedural rules about the admissibility of claims than Swiss law. Furthermore, the Swiss highest court is more hesitant to engage in politically controversial questions compared to the Dutch highest court.
The plants mentioned in the bible and their equivalents in Lithuanian churchyards
Authors: Mindaugas Rutalė , Kondratienė Rimantė
Published: November 2023

People‘s daily life is unimaginable without plants vegetations. Since ancient times, plants have provided human beings with some kinds of needs – they feed, train, heal, provide shelter, delight the eye, and decorate the environment. It is proposed to grow woody plants mentioned in the Bible and introduced in Lithuania in churchyards. Plants mentioned in the Bible that cannot be grown in Lithuania can be replaced with similar visual, ecological and biological properties. It is proposed to put information about the plant and a text from the Bible next to the plants. The most common small architectural structures in churchyards are crosses, chapels, shrines, chapel columns, decorative pools, sculptures of saints, stations of the cross, tombstones, fences, notice boards, lourdes, nativity scenes for Christmas. By using different environmental design tools, it is possible to create church churchyards as Bible gardens.
Smart environment practices in Kashiwa-No-Ha (Japan) smart city
Authors: Altunbey Pınar Zeğerek , Balta Sıla , Ortaçeşme Veli , Atik Meryem
Published: November 2023

The smart city is a modernization effort that enables cities to use their resources more effectively and to provide better services to their residents. In this study, the smart practices of Kashiwanoha City, Japan, one of the best smart city examples in the world, were examined. The study showed that smart environment applications are designed to improve the quality of life of the citizens and ensure the sustainability of the city. The smart environment applications in Kashiwa-no-ha Smart City include smart mobility, smart technology, smart governance, smart economy, smart living, and smart environment based on transport, energy, and environment. The integration of blockchain technology is a potential solution to address the challenges of urbanisation in smart sustainable city development. The development of Kashiwa-no-ha Smart City is an example of how cities are linking their technological policies and development plans to achieve development while linking the objectives and dimensions of sustainable development to provide the best possible benefit from the available technologies. The most important factor behind Kashiwa-no-ha‘s success is the cooperation of the public and private sectors and universities. For successful smart city practices, it has been proposed to establish an independent organisation similar to the Urban Design Centre Kashiwanoha (UDCK) with a separate budget and decision-making power.
Application of synanthropic plants in the design of green spaces in Warsaw (Poland)
Authors: Kamionowski Filip , Fornal-Pienak Beata , Bihuňová Mária
Published: November 2023

The aim of the study was to summarize the use of synanthropic vegetation in public green areas of selected Polish cities. The study included issues related to phytosociology and landscape architecture. For this purpose, a literature study was performed. Part 1 identified possible ways of using synanthropic vegetation in the design of public green areas, Part 2 showed examples of such areas from Warsaw. The authors suggested species that can help enrich urban lawns, part 3 contains proposition of plant species composition for more natural lawns in city parks, including synanthropic plants typical for Poland (prepared by the authors). The process of gradual introduction of synanthropic vegetation in Poland was summarized and compared to the trends in Western European countries. The urban policy of Warsaw regarding the mowing of lawns and the use of flower meadows was briefly described, which influences the presence of synanthropic species in the urban environment. A watershed moment for the use of synanthropic species in Poland was identified, as well as the authors‘ predictions for their future use.
Parameters and Models of Item Response Theory (IRT): A Review of Literature
Authors: Gyamfi Abraham , Acquaye Rosemary
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Item response theory (IRT) has received much attention in validation of assessment instrument because it allows the estimation of students’ ability from any set of the items. Item response theory allows the difficulty and discrimination levels of each item on the test to be estimated. In the framework of IRT, item characteristics are independent of the sample and latent traits of the person are independent of the test on the account that the selected models perfectly fit the data. Therefore, scores that describe examinee performance are independent on test difficulty. The scores of the examinee may be lower on a difficult test and higher on easier tests, but the ability level of the examinee remains the same over any test at the time of testing. The IRT model allows the estimation of item parameters. The line of difference between the models and parameters of IRT is not clear to many students in assessment.

Purpose:This paper reviews the parameters that are estimated using IRT and the models available in IRT. Also, the paper highlights the difference between the parameters and models and the various models under each set of data.

Methods:Various literatures on IRT relating to the parameters and models of IRT are reviewed.

Conclusions:There are four parameters estimated with IRT but the models are not four. Again, the models of IRT depends on the type of data. Dichotomous data has four models for the four parameters. However, polytomous data has two parameters: item difficulty and item discrimination for the models.
Musical Art Distance Education after Pandemic
Authors: Strenáčiková Mária
Published: November 2023

Introduction:The spread of the coronavirus brought necessary changes in education, including the abrupt transfer from classroom instruction to an exclusively online environment. The teachers and pupils/students adapted to the new conditions, and currently, virtual education elements are being implemented in face-to-face teaching to enhance its efficiency. The aim of our research was to monitor distant education in vocational music school environment, describe main difficulties in vocational music online classes, and identify elements of distance learning that can be implemented in music education after pandemics.

Methods:The study utilized a mixed research design. The primary method of collecting data was through questionnaires (2020, 2021 and 2022), and analysing essays written by students from the Faculty of Performing Arts at the Academy of Arts in Banská Bystrica, Slovakia (2020).

Results:Student respondents strongly believe that while in theoretically oriented courses, online education can replace face-to-face learning, it is no viable option for practically oriented courses in higher music education. More than half of the students do not support the inclusion of elements of distance education in face-to-face teaching. In spite of several challenges, the positive aspects of online education support the implementation of some distance learning elements in face-to-face music education.

Discussion: Our findings about vocational music online education do not contradict other surveys (Yurdal, Sahin, Kosan, & Toraman, 2021; Wang, 2023; Al-Mawee, Kwayub, & Gharaibeh, 2021; Bakhov, Opolska, Bogus, Anishchenko, & Biryukova, 2021; Martha, Junus, Santoso, & Suhartanto, 2021).

Limitations: The main limitation is the sampling, as it only included participants who had internet access and were willing to participate in the survey. Future studies should encompass more music educational institutions in Slovakia to achieve a larger sample size. Furthermore, in analyzing questionnaires, we did not make difference between participants´ music study fields.

Conclusions:Although distance education has shown considerable improvement since 2019 and has undeniable advantages, students pursuing performing arts and composition at the Faculty of Music Arts at the Academy of Arts maintain rather sceptical attitude towards it. They strongly believe that in practical courses, the online teaching cannot fully replace the face-to-face instructions. However, teachers often incorporate certain online teaching elements into their regular classes.
Xylopia aethiopica HPLC-DAD polyphenol profiling and antioxidant status from South-South region of Nigeria
Authors: Okpoghono Joel , Osioma Ejovi , Metie Sandra Oghenekohwo , Igue Udoka Bessie , Isoje Endurance Fegor , Okom Solomon Ugochukwu
Published: November 2023

To fill nutrient gaps, supplements are employed in the field of nutrition. The spice Xylopia aethiopica grows wild in many African countries and has been used as flavouring for soups. This study evaluates the polyphenols and antioxidant profile of different fractions of X. aethiopica methanol extract. Powdered sample of X. aethiopica (250 g) was suspended in methanol (1.5 litre) for 48 hours and the extract was concentrated at 45 °C using water bath to obtain methanol crude extract which was fractionated into n-hexane (n-Hex), chloroform (Chl), diethyl ether (DEE), n-butanol (n-Bu) and aqueous fractions using liquid- liquid partition separation technique. Antioxidant properties were investigated using standard methods and the polyphenols were estimated using high performance liquid chromatography with diodearray detector (HPLC-DAD). Results revealed that the DEE fraction had significantly (p < 0.05) high total phenol content (TPC), proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as compared with other fractions. The highest luteolin and taxifolin content was detected in n-Hex fraction. Polyphenols found in DEE fraction in the established HPLC-DAD assay were p-anisic acid (0.07 ng/g), caffeic acid (0.56 ng/g), vanillic acid (0.91 ng/g), salicylic acid (1.64 ng/g), gallic acid (3.09 ng/mL), ferulic acid (3.64 ng/g), p-coumaric acid (5.15 ng/g), sinapinic acid (6.63 ng/g) and protocatechuic acid (24.89 ng/g). The different fractions of X. aethiopica displayed various polyphenols potential with probable antioxidant activity, which may be useful in neutralizing free radicals and the treatment of chronic inflammatory associated metabolic ailments, such as obesity and diabetes.
A note on convolution of Janowski type functions with q-derivative
Authors: Alsarari F.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the present paper is to introduce and study new subclasses of analytic functions which generalize the classes of Janowski functions with q-derivative. We also study certain a convolution conditions, and apply the convolution conditions to get sufficient condition and the neighborhood results related to the functions in the class 𝒮q(A, B, α).
Parametric uniform numerical method for singularly perturbed differential equations having both small and large delay
Authors: Debela Habtamu Garoma , Duressa Gemechis File
Published: November 2023

In this paper, singularly perturbed differential equations having both small and large delay are considered. The considered problem contains large delay parameter on the reaction term and small delay parameter on the convection term. The solution of the problem exhibits interior layer due to the delay parameter and strong right boundary layer due to the small perturbation parameter ε. The resulting singularly perturbed problem is solved using exponential fitted operator method. The stability and parameter uniform convergence of the proposed method are proved. To validate the applicability of the scheme, one model problem is considered for numerical experimentation.