bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profissionalidade para o ensino de Matemática: o desenho como um saber para ensinar no primário (1925 a 1932)
Authors: Caputo Débora Rodrigues , Oliveira Maria Cristina Araújo de
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo sistematiza resultados de pesquisa de mestrado que teve como objetivo analisar historicamente o ensino de desenho no primário no período de 1925 a 1932 a partir do impresso pedagógico Revista do Ensino de Minas Gerais. Problematizou-se o saber desenho em relação à profissionalidade identificada para o seu ensino, que pode ser entendida como um conjunto de saberes para ensinar construídos na relação com os saberes a ensinar. O referencial teórico-metodológico utilizado na pesquisa se situa na História Cultural. Os resultados das análises indicam a existência de uma representação que, por intermédio do desenho, conseguia construir e fixar conceitos, em especial relacionados à matemática. Além disso, ele ora era usado como uma metodologia para a construção de novos conceitos, em especial matemáticos - tais como simetria, proporcionalidade, perspectiva-, ora como recurso pedagógico para concretizar conceitos, expressar aprendizagens ou mesmo fixa-las, sendo uma das etapas na proposta dos centros de interesse de Decroly. Tais usos do desenho faziam dele um elemento importante para a prática docente do professor, um saber para ensinar.
Geometria para o segundo ciclo do Ensino Secundário: propostas para seu ensino e formação de professores na década de 1970
Authors: Silva Sidnéia Almeida , Gomes Larissa Pinca Sarro , Silva Martha Raissa Iane Santana da
Published: August 2021

Neste artigo buscou-se compreender as propostas para o ensino de geometria e as orientações para professores a partir da análise da coleção Matemática: Segundo ciclo, ensino atualizado e o Guia do Professor – material auxiliar da coleção -, além da legislação em vigor na época e depoimentos dos autores dos livros didáticos analisados. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa histórica, que considera como aportes teórico-metodológicos os fundamentos da História Cultural com autores como Chartier (1990) e Choppin (2004). Ao final desse trabalho, concluímos que a geometria proposta e as orientações direcionadas para o professor, que ensina essa disciplina, contemplam as orientações de fóruns científicos nacionais e internacionais, que propunham o ensino de Geometria com introdução das estruturas de grupo e espaço vetorial por meio das transformações geométricas. A publicação da coleção também contempla fichas que se caracterizam como estratégias didáticas, organizadas com a sugestão da realização de um diálogo entre professor e aluno, partindo de noções intuitivas e conhecidas até a formalização dos conceitos geométricos.
A modelagem matemática nos cursos de especialização da década de 1980: ideias implícitas e algumas convicções
Authors: Fillos Leoni Malinoski , Garnica Antonio Vicente Marafioti
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar como a Modelagem Matemática foi idealizada nos primeiros cursos de especialização para professores, desenvolvidos na década de 1980, quando se propôs pela primeira vez, em cursos de pós-graduação lato sensu, experiências didáticas voltadas a essa metodologia de ensino, à época praticamente desconhecida no Brasil. Os cursos dos quais tratamos foram realizados, inicialmente, na Fundação Faculdade Estadual de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Guarapuava (Fafig), com o aporte direto de professores do Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Computação Científica (IMECC) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. De forma mais específica, buscamos discutir, neste trabalho, que Modelagem Matemática se apresentava nesses primeiros cursos, que realidade era possível investigar pela Matemática e em que campo do conhecimento as ideias se assentavam. Valemo-nos, para tanto, de narrativas de professores que estiveram diretamente envolvidos com os cursos que investigamos, seguindo os princípios da História Oral como principal metodologia de pesquisa. Trazemos para o debate as aproximações da Modelagem Matemática com a ideia de modelos matemáticos, além das relações dessa área com a Matemática Aplicada e com a Etnomatemática.
LIVE WEIGHT AND WOOL PRODUCTIVITY OF SHEEP OF THE KAZAKH FAT-TAILED SHEEP BREED OF DIFFERENT COLOR
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, TEGZA И.М.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the indicators of live weight and shearing of wool of sheep-producers and queens of diff erent colors of the Kazakh fat-tailed sheep breed.
EFFECT OF THE DRUG “MELAPOL” ON THE GROWTH OF YOUNG DAIRY GOATS
Authors:   Altai GAU, VLADIMIROV N.I.
Published: August 2021

Changes in the live weight of goats aged from 3 to 6 months are analyzed. with the introduction of the drug “Melapol”, which contains melatonin-the hormone of the pineal gland.
FEATURES OF DIGESTIVE AND METABOLIC PROCESSES IN SHEEP WHEN INCLUDING A SOURCE OF METHYLATION IN DIETS
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, ROMANOV N.V.
Published: August 2021

On model fi stula sheep, the eff ect of feeding a form of choline “protected” from the indirect eff ects of symbiotic microfl ora as a source of methylating agents on pregastric digestion, digestibility, and use of nutrients of feed in the body was studied. An increase in the amount of digested nutrients of feed, an improvement in the indicators of carbohydrate-fat and protein metabolism in the body of animals receiving choline was established, which gives grounds for its use in sheep breeding.
MORPHOHISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LIVER AND KIDNEYS OF GOATS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF LEAD-CADMIUM INTOXICATION WHEN THEY ARE KEPT IN THE ZONE OF TECHNOGENIC POLLUTION [
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. Vavilov, ZABELINA M.V.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the content of heavy metals (lead and cadmium) in the liver and kidneys of young goats of the Russian breed in the zone of technogenic pollution. It is determined that the content of toxic elements in the studied organs increases with age
Physical statement of the problem for a numerical model of soil freezing and heaving taking into account heat and mass transfer
Authors: Чеверев Виктор Григорьевич , Сафронов Евгений Викторович , Коротков Алексей Александрович , Чернятин Александр Сергеевич
Published: August 2021

Существуют два основных подхода решения задачи тепломассопереноса при численном моделировании промерзания грунтов: 1) решение методом конечных разностей с учетом граничных условий (границей, например, является фронт промерзания); 2) решение методом конечных элементов без учета границ модели. Оба подхода имеют существенные недостатки, что оставляет проблему решения задачи для численной модели промерзания грунтов острой и актуальной. В данной работе представлена физическая постановка промерзания, которая позволяет создать численную модель, базирующуюся на решении методом конечных элементов, но при этом отражающую ход фронта промерзания - то есть модель, в которой объединены оба подхода к решению задачи промерзания грунтов. Для подтверждения корректности модели был проделан ряд экспериментов по физическому моделированию промерзания модельного грунта и выполнен сравнительный анализ полученных экспериментальных данных и результатов расчетов на базе представленной численной модели с такими же граничными условиями, как в экспериментах.

There are two basic approaches to solving the problem of heat and mass transfer in the numerical modeling of soil freezing: 1) using the finite difference method taking into account boundary conditions (the boundary, for example, is the freezing front); 2) using the finite element method without consideration of model boundaries. Both approaches have significant drawbacks, which leaves the issue of solving the problem for the numerical model of soil freezing acute and up-to-date. This article provides the physical setting of freezing that allows us to create a numerical model based on the solution by the finite element method, but at the same time reflecting the route of the freezing front, i.e. the model that combines both approaches to solving the problem of soil freezing. In order to confirm the correctness of the model, a number of experiments on physical modeling of model soil freezing have been performed, and a comparative analysis of the experimental data obtained and the calculation results based on the provided numerical model with the same boundary conditions as in the experiments was performed.
Construction of an underground pipeline in permafrost conditions, taking into account the minimization of thermal effect on the soil and increasing energy efficiency during operation
Authors: Кожаева Ксения Валерьевна , Акчурина Эльвина Айратовна
Published: August 2021

Совершенствование технологий строительства подземных трубопроводов в условиях многолетнемерзлых грунтов, предусматривающее минимизацию теплового воздействия трубопровода на грунт во время эксплуатации, является актуальной научно-технической задачей. Авторами разработан способ прокладки подземного трубопровода, снижающий до минимума его тепловое воздействие на вмещающий мерзлый грунт и позволяющий в процессе дальнейшей эксплуатации поддерживать температуру перекачиваемой нефти без дополнительного подогрева. Конструктивной схемой предусмотрена укладка трубопровода в изолированную траншею с использованием торфа в качестве грунта-изоляции. В рамках исследования разработана модель прокладки трубопровода (в программном комплексе SolidWorks), произведены расчеты его напряженно-деформированного состояния (в программном комплексе ANSYS) и теплового воздействия на мерзлый грунт (в программном комплексе FROST 3D Universal). Установлено, что напряжения и перемещения, возникающие во время эксплуатации трубопровода, уложенного по предложенной конструктивной схеме, находятся в диапазоне допустимых значений, а его тепловое воздействие вызывает незначительное протаивание грунта и минимальные изменения температуры перекачки нефти.

The improvement of technologies of underground pipeline construction in conditions of permafrost soils, providing for the minimization of the thermal effect of the pipeline on the soil during operation is an urgent scientific and technical task. The authors have developed a method for laying an underground pipeline that minimizes its thermal effect on the enclosing frozen soil and allows maintaining the temperature of the pumped oil during further operation without additional heating. The structural layout provides for laying the pipeline in an isolated trench using peat as insulation soil. As part of the study, a pipeline-laying model was developed (using the SolidWorks software package), calculations of its stress-strain state (in the ANSYS software package) and thermal effect on frozen soil (in the FROST 3D Universal software package) were performed. It has been determined that the stresses and displacements arising during the operation of the pipeline laid in accordance with the proposed structural layout are in the range of allowable values, and its thermal effect causes insignificant soil thawing and minimal changes in the oil pumping temperature.
Simulación de un deshidratador híbrido indirecto activo mediante el software ANSYS
Authors: Cabrera Escobar José Omar , Jurado Francisco , Vera David
Published: August 2021

En la presente investigación se simula el comportamiento de un deshidratador hibrido indirecto activo con las condiciones atmosféricas de la ciudad de Riobamba, debido a que existe la necesidad de deshidratar frutas y verduras que en tiempos de sobreproducción no alcanzan a llegar al mercado. Para ello, se desarrolla una metodología que permitirá tener una buena aproximación de la solución. Se parte del diseño del prototipo de deshidratador para luego someterle a un proceso de mallado. Una vez que se tiene una malla de buena calidad, se seleccionan los modelos físicos que se van a utilizar en la simulación. Posteriormente, se ingresan las propiedades físicas y condiciones de contorno que corresponden a las condiciones climáticas de la ciudad de Riobamba para su posterior simulación. Simulado el prototipo, se verifica que la curva de variables físicas que se desean calcular se ha estabilizado y las curvas de residuales estén por debajo del valor seteado, si cumple con estos dos pasos se puede determinar que la simulación es correcta. Para la validación de los resultados obtenidos en la simulación se utilizan datos de una investigación similar. Es necesario realizar la simulación para poder determinar si el deshidratador diseñado puede trabajar en el rango óptimo de temperaturas para la deshidratación.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE TUBOS DE PAPELÃO PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA ESTRUTURA DE PERGOLADO
Authors: Dias Nathalia Schimidt , Salado Gerusa De Cássia
Published: August 2021

As estruturas de pergolados são leves e vazadas, formadas pelos apoios, pilares e vigas, podendo ser ou não cobertas. Essas estruturas, geralmente, são construídas com materiais convencionais como, por exemplo, madeira, concreto ou aço, entretanto devido à tipologia da estrutura tem-se com uma das possibilidades a utilização de materiais não-convencionais como, bambu, tubos de papelão etc. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é propor a utilização de tubos de papelão para a construção de pergolados em praças públicas, promovendo construções mais sustentáveis e servindo como medida prática para a conscientização ambiental da população. Para isso, foi feito um estudo do local para a implantação de um projeto piloto e todo o desenvolvimento do projeto foi feito com o auxílio das ferramentas computacionais AutoCAD, SketchUp e Lumion. Nos resultados apresenta-se o projeto do pergolado com todos os elementos construtivos, dimensões dos tubos de papelão, além de uma análise de viabilidade econômica, comparando a construção do pergolado com tubos de papelão à construção com a utilização de um material convencional. Com este estudo pode-se concluir que os tubos de papelão têm propriedades satisfatórias de durabilidade e resistência para a construção de pergolados, além de apesentarem viabilidade técnica, ambiental e econômica.
The use of Shanon Weiners diversity index in the assessment of floral diversity and equitability of Neni–Nimo Watershed in Anaocha L.G.A. of Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Ezenwatah Ifeoma Susan  , Ukpaka Chukwujekwu Gratius  , Onyemeka Regland Michael  , Afulukwe Stella Chinyere  , Okoye Elochukwu Chidubem Sunday
Published: August 2021

The study on the floral diversity of Neni-Nimo watershed in Anaocha L.G.A. of Anambra State was conducted between November 2009 and July 2020. The aim of the study was to find out the species richness and the floral biodiversity of the watershed. In this study, the watershed was divided into three sites, the forested site, the fallow site and the current usage site. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The ecological methods used in this study are the Point Centred Plotless Count sampling technique for areas dominated by trees while the Plot Count technique using quadrats were used for sampling the areas dominated by forbs, shrubs, climbers and grasses. The vegetation data collected was used to estimate the species richness of the different plant growth forms, the diversity and equitability of the various growth forms encountered were calculated using Shanon Weiners diversity index. The Shanno Weiners diversity index shows that the forested areas had the highest floral biodiversity than the fallow and current usage area. Regression analysis shows that a significant relationship exists between species abundance and floral biodiversity at a p-value of <0.05 for all plant growth forms in the watershed except for grasses and as abundance increases, diversity also increases.
Evaluasi Bebas Tujuan: Implementasi dalam Pelatihan Kepewaraan Mahasiswa
Authors: Efendi Irfan , Wagiran Wagiran , Subyantoro Subyantoro
Published: August 2021

Abstract: In the principle, the goal-free evaluation model has the advantage of being able to consider possible influences, not only those that are planned, but things that are considered as other byproducts that arise from the product, so that novelty can be found in this model. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of the student host training model at STKIP NU Indramayu. The method used in this study is an experiment using a test technique. The tests used are linguistic knowledge and host tests. The results of the student's linguistic knowledge test when they were about to take part in the host training only reached 65.30. Based on the benchmark reference assessment with a scale of ten calculations at 56%-65% mastery intervals, it is categorized as moderate. The host practice test for STKIP NU Indramayu students before the host training was carried out only reached 62.90 in the moderate category. The host practice test of STKIP NU Indramayu students after attending the training reached 77.80. Based on the benchmark reference assessment with an interval of 76%-85% mastery level percentage is categorized as good. Thus, it can be concluded that the evaluation of student host training programs needs to be continuously developed by universities in Indonesia. Keywords: goal-free evaluation, implementation of host training for students Abstrak: Pada prinsipnya, model evaluasi bebas tujuan (goal free evaluation model) memiliki kelebihan dapat mempertimbangkan  kemungkinan pengaruh, bukan hanya yang direncanakan, tetapi hal yang diperhatikan sebagai sampingan lain yang muncul dari produk, sehingga kebaruan dapat ditemukan dalam model ini. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengevaluasi penerapan model pelatihan kepewaraan mahasiswa di STKIP NU Indramayu. Metode yang digunakan dalam  penelitian ini adalah  eksperimen dengan menggunakan teknik tes. Tes yang digunakan adalah pengetahuan kebahasaan dan tes kepewaraan. Hasil tes pengetahuan kebahasaan mahasiswa  saat akan mengikuti pelatihan kepewaraan hanya mencapai 65,30. Berdasarkan penilaian acuan patokan dengan penghitungan  skala sepuluh pada interval penguasaan 56%-65% terkategori sedang. Tes praktik kepewaraan mahasiswa STKIP NU Indramayu sebelum dilakukan pelatihan kepewaraan hanya mencapai 62,90 terkategori sedang. Tes praktik kepewaraan mahasiswa STKIP NU Indramayu setelah mengikuti pelatihan mencapai 77,80. Berdasarkan penilaian acuan patokan dengan interval persentase tingkat penguasaan 76%-85% terkategori baik. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa evaluasi program pelatihan kepewaraan mahasiswa perlu terus dikembangkan oleh perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: evaluasi bebas tujuan, implementasi pelatihan kepewaraan pada mahasiswa
Analytical Quality by Design
Authors: Breitkreitz Márcia
Published: August 2021

Throughout the 20th century, the notion of ‘quality’ underwent major changes. The concept of ‘Quality by Testing’, i.e. evaluating the quality of a product by testing it for some pre-defined parameters after completing the manufacturing process, started to be replaced by the enhanced approach of Quality by Design (QbD). In this concept, idealized by Joseph Juran [1], quality is initially conceived for the product, and then the product is manufactured and evaluated to reach that quality. Driven by the need to reduce costs and to encourage companies to improve their understanding of their products and manufacturing processes, pharmaceutical regulatory agencies, through the ICH (International Council on Harmonization), published the ICH Q8 guideline, highlighting the QbD strategy for pharmaceutical development [2]. This represented a significant step in replacing the existing quality paradigms in the conventional manufacturing of pharmaceutical products and paved the way to support development and production activities within a scientific, flexible environment, with a high level of quality, without the need for extensive regulatory surveillance. The higher level of understanding gained during development allows out-of-specification batches to be foreseen and ensures that the desired quality will be obtained at the end of the manufacturing process. The two pillars of the QbD concept are quality risk management and multivariate study of the outcomes (quality parameters) as functions of the inputs (materials, formulation and process inputs). At this point, Chemometrics emerged officially as a strategy to support the pharma regulatory requirements- the beginning of a joyful and long-life union.
Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa SMP Melalui Pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education
Authors: Siregar Nur Fauziah
Published: August 2021

Pentingnya pemahaman konsep matematika dilihat dari tujuan dalam pembelajaran matematika yang harus dicapai siswa sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013. Matematika merupakan mata pelajaran yang sulit dipahami siswa bagi sebagian siswa. Pembelajaran dengan pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education merupakan pembelajaran yang membawa siswa kedalam pengalaman langsung melalui pembelajaran nyata dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Dengan pembelajaran pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education dapat mempengaruhi pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep-konsep matematika dengan lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education terhadap pemahaman konsep matematika siswa SMP Negeri 7 Padangsidimpuan. Jenis penelitian quasi eksperimen. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh kelas VIII SMP Negeri 7 Padangsidimpuan. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan secara acak sebanyak 2 kelas. Instrumen penelitian dengan menggunakan tes, dengan tes yang digunakan tes yang valid dan reliabel. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penerapan pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education terhadap pemahaman konsep matematika siswa SMP Negeri 7 Padangsidimpuan. Pembelajaran pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education terhadap pemahaman konsep matematika lebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional.
Students' Mathematical Thinking in Column Calculation and Algorithms
Authors: Pramudiani Puri , Herman Tatang
Published: August 2021

This study aims to investigate primary school students’ mathematical thinking in column calculation and algorithms. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive. The participants of this research were twelve Indonesian primary school students at grade 3 and 4 in Ciparay, Bandung, West Java. They worked to solve calculation and algorithm questions developed from TAL TEAM book Freudenthal Institute, Utrecht University, The Netherlands that were classified based on the strategies used. After analyzing their written works, interviews were organized to acquire further information about their mathematical thinking. The study found that students’ strategies in dealing with calculation algorithm consist of three strategies. The first strategy is the splitting strategy from units to tens column and then the interim results are combined. The second strategy is the splitting strategy used from tens to unit column and the interim results are added vertically digit-by-digit. The third strategy is the transition from splitting strategy from units to tens column consists primarily of using abbreviated column calculation for the interim results in each column. In addition, several students made common mistakes due to misconception about algorithm and arithmetical problems. Implication of this research for teaching and learning calculation and algorithms were described elaborately.
Middle School Student Statistical Literacy Based on Adversity Quotient
Authors: Nuzula Vicky Firdausi , Ismail Ismail
Published: August 2021

Literasi statistik dibutuhkan dalam membaca, menginterpretasi, menyimpulkan serta mengomunikasikan data. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi literasi statistik yaitu Adversity Quotient (AQ) dalam penentuan sikap ketika dihadapkan kesulitan terkait soal literasi statistik. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan tujuan mendeskripsikan literasi statistik siswa SMP ditinjau dari Adversity Quotient. Subjek terdiri dari 3 siswa yang diambil berdasarkan hasil Adversity Response Profile dengan kategori 1 subjek tipe climber, camper, dan quitter. Kemudian subjek diberi tes soal literasi statistik dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: subjek tipe climber, camper, dan quitter belum mampu menyajikan data dalam bentuk diagram yang sesuai dan membuat kritik dari data. Subjek tipe climber mampu memberikan alasan dengan perhitungan matematis dan menerapkan konsep statistika yang sesuai, sehingga berada di level critical; Subjek tipe camper mampu mengidentifikasi terminologi statistika, namun belum menerapkannya, sehingga berada di level inconsistent; subjek tipe quitter hanya menggunakan imajinasi dan memberikan alasan non-statistik, sehingga berada di level informal.
Pengembangan Modul Penyusunan Instrumen Penilaian Pembelajaran Matematika Bagi Guru Berbasis Budaya Jambi
Authors: Ermaida Anisa , Kamid Kamid , Yantoro Yantoro
Published: August 2021

Guru masih membuat insrumen penilaian berdasarkan adopsi dari buku matapelajaran yang belum menyentuh budaya lokal khususnya budaya Jambi. Penelitian pengembangan modul ini bertujuan mengetahui prosedur pengembangan instrumen penilaian, pembuatan modul, pengembangan Instrumen penilaian pembelajaran matematika berbasis budaya Jambi, validitas modul. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE.Tahap yang dilakukan yaitu 1) Analyze, 2) Design, 3) Development, 4) Implement, 5) Evaluation. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMK N 1 Kota Jambi, pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2020/2021 dengan subjek penelitian yaitu guru matematika Hasil penelitian ini berdasarkan model pengembangan ADDIE yaitu, pada tahap analisis dilakukan analisis kurikulum, analisis karakteristik peserta didik, analisi smateri. Tahap perancangan dilakukan persiapan pembuatan produk, penyusunan kerangka modul, dan penyusunan instrumen penialain. Tahap pengembangan dilakukan pembuatan produk, kemudian instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah angket tertutup. Tahap Implementasi yaitu produk hasil pengembangan di validasi tim ahli materi dan validasi tim ahli desain, kemudian di uji cobakan kepada guru di SMK N 1 Kota Jambi. Tahap evaluasi melalui analisis data dengna uji validitas dan analitis data statistic deskripsif maka diperoleh kevalidan, data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjujkkan bahwa modul penyusunan instrumen penilaian pembelajaran matematika bagi guru berbasis budaya Jambi sudah valid.
Analisis Efektifitas Pembelajaran Matematika Secara Daring Siswa SMP di Kabupaten Bekasi Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Arifin Miftahul , Chotimah Siti
Published: August 2021

Analisis Efektifitas Pembelajaran Matematika Secara Daring Siswa SMP di Kabupaten Bekasi Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Analisis Hasil Belajar Matematika Peserta Didik Ditinjau dari Self Confidence
Authors: Maulidya Nida Savira , Nugraheni Esti Ambar
Published: August 2021

Hasil belajar peserta didik merupakan salah satu tolok ukur keberhasilan dalam dunia pendidikan untuk mengukur kemampuan, pemahaman, dan penguasaan materi setelah melalui proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hasil belajar matematika peserta didik ditinjau dari self-confidence. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan yang dipakai dengan pemberian tes dengan jumlah 5 soal uraian dan pemberian kuesioner self-confidence yang terdiri dari 24 pernyataan serta wawancara. Subjek penelitian ini merupakan peserta didik kelas VII dengan jumlah 6 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara self-confidence dengan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik. Berdasarkan dari persentase pencapaian hasil belajar matematika menurut tingkat self-confidence, jika self-confidence peserta didik tinggi maka hasil belajar matematika peserta didik juga tinggi. Secara keseluruhan, perolehan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik sebesar 73,83%.
Making Do: Why Do Administrators Retain Low-Performing Teachers?
Authors: Rodriguez Luis A. , Hunter Seth B.
Published: August 2021

Previous reports suggest that administrators rarely dismiss low-performing teachers despite the changing policy landscape allowing them to do so. This brief uses survey data from Tennessee to investigate the underlying reasons explaining administrators’ decisions to retain low-performing teachers. The presented analysis suggests that administrators largely retain low-performing teachers due to a persistent belief that these teachers will improve with time; further analysis presents some evidence regarding observable improvement among low-performing teachers. The brief concludes with a brief discussion of implications for policy and practice.
A VIOLÊNCIA FÍSICA, EMOCIONAL E SEXUAL CONTRA A MULHER.
Authors: da Silva Alexsandro José
Published: August 2021

Este presente artigo científico tem como objetivo esclarecer o estudo sobre a violência contra a mulher que acontece por toda sociedade. A violência contra a mulher não está restrita a um convívio meio social, não escolhe raça, idade ou condição social. Existem vários tipos de armas utilizadas na violência contra a mulher, como a lesão corporal, o estupro ou violência carnal, mas nem todos deixam marcas físicas como é o caso da violência psicológica ou emocional, todas elas usadas para agredir a mulher de alguma forma. Neste sentido, esperamos demonstrar para a sociedade as formas cruéis que as mulheres são afetadas, através de pesquisa bibliográficas realizadas, com o objetivo de sensibilizar as autoridades competentes que possam de alguma forma proteger ou mitigar o sofrimento das mulheres causado pelos seus companheiros, parentes ou pessoas próximas. Assim, esperamos com esse artigo poder chamar a sociedade, as autoridades para que possamos proteger as mulheres que tanto sofrem. Apesar de todos os esforços prestados pelas autoridades ainda desejamos um maior combate nesse tipo de violência.
Peranan Customer Service Dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan Kepada Nasabah Pada PT. BPD Sumatera Barat Cabang Pasar Raya Padang
Authors: Natasya Putri , Marlius Doni
Published: August 2021

This study aims to know the role of customer service in improving service to customers at PT. BPD Sumatera Barat Cabang Pasar Raya Padang. In analyzing the data, the author uses qualitative data analysis methods as a research method that explains in depth the role of customer service in improving services to customers at PT. BPD Sumatera Barat Cabang Pasar Raya Padang. The method of analysis is viewed from two different aspects, namely between theory and practice. The results of the research on the role of customer service in providing information are very good and customers are very satisfied with the services provided by customer service.
Autistic-like traits and Positive Schizotypy as Diametric Specializations of the Predictive Mind
Authors: Andersen Brett
Published: August 2021

According to the predictive processing framework, only prediction errors (rather than all sensory inputs) are processed by an organism’s perceptual system. Prediction errors can be weighted such that errors from more reliable sources will be more influential in updating prior beliefs. It has previously been argued that autism spectrum conditions can be understood as resulting from a predictive processing mechanism in which an inflexibly high weight is given to sensory prediction errors, which results in overfitting their predictive models to the world. Deficits in executive functioning, theory of mind, and central coherence are all argued to flow naturally from this core underlying mechanism. The diametric model of autism and psychosis suggests a simple extension of this hypothesis. If people on the autism spectrum give an inflexibly high weight to sensory input, could it be that people with a predisposition to psychosis (i.e., people high in positive schizotypy) give an inflexibly low weight to sensory input? In this article I argue that evidence strongly supports this hypothesis. An inflexibly low weight given to sensory input can explain such disparate features of positive schizotypy as increased exploratory behavior, apophenia, hyper-theory of mind, hyper-active imagination, attentional differences, and having idiosyncratic worldviews.
Partisipasi Pemuda Dalam Organisasi Lokal
Authors: Abidjulu Rinto ZW
Published: August 2021

Melalui penelitian ini, penulis menggambarkan beberapa hal yaitu, (1) peran serta pemuda yaitu partisipasi pemuda dalam organisasi lokal di desa (2) kapasistas organisasi lokal di desa sebagai wadah untuk masyarakat dan khususnya pemuda dapat menggali berbagai potensi yang ada di desa. Sehubungan pokok bahasan tersebut, maka penulis melakukan studi perilaku pemuda terkait partisipasi pemuda di desa melalui karang taruna.
Analisis Rasio Profitabilitas PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Batang Kapas
Authors: Sundari Endah , Marlius Doni
Published: August 2021

This research was conducted to find out how the level of profitability by using the ratio of ROA (Return on Asset), ROE (Return on Equity), BOPO (Operating Expenses to Operating Income), and NPM (Net Profit Margin) to PT. BPR Batang Kapas. The type of data used is secondary data obtained by the documentation method taken from the PT.BPR Batang Kapas publication report during the period 2017-2019. This research was conducted using the 2017-2019 financial statements, namely the balance sheet and income statement. The results of this study indicate that the bank ROA level is in a very good position with the ROA criteria >1.5%. The ROE level also shows that the bank position is in a fairly good condition with the criteria of 13%
A software toolkit for modeling human sentence parsing: An approach using continuous-time, discrete-state stochastic dynamical systems
Authors: Smith Garrett , Vasishth Shravan
Published: August 2021

We present a new software toolkit for implementing a broad class oftheories of sentence processing. In this framework, processing a word ina sentence is viewed as a continuous-time random walk through a set ofdiscrete states that encode information about the emerging structure of thesentence so far. The state space includes one or more special absorbingstates, which, when reached, indicate the decision to move on to the nextword of the sentence. This setup allows us to ask how how long it takesto reach an absorbing state and what the probability of reaching this stateis. We summarize a number of important statistics that can be directlyrelated to human reading times and comprehension question performance.To illustrate the use of the toolkit, we model two types of garden paths,local coherence effects, and the ambiguity advantage using three qualitativelydifferent theories of sentence processing. While the modeler must still makedefensible theoretical and implementation choices, this framework representsan improvement over the descriptive, paper-pencil modeling that is thenorm in psycholinguistics by facilitating quantitative evaluations of modelperformance and laying the groundwork for Bayesian fitting of free parametersin a model. An open-source Python package is provided.
Using Computational Analysis of Behavior To Discover Developmental Change In Memory-Guided Attention Mechanisms In Childhood
Authors: Amso Dima , govindarajan lakshmi , Gupta Pankaj , Placido Diego , Baumgartner Heidi A , Lynn Andrew , Gunther Kelley , Sharma Tarun , Veeraba Vijay , Thakkar Kalpit , Kim Seung Chan , Serre Thomas
Published: August 2021

We tested 4-9.5-year-old children on a naturalistic memory-guided attention visual search task. We measured fixation distribution during a search using wearable eye tracking, and simultaneously recorded depth video data for each participant and used computer vision algorithms to track them during navigation. We manipulated object placement and trial order such that nearby objects would be encountered during initial search for reference objects. We used a computational model of top-down guidance for reference object visual features and examined the use of this top-down attention for reference objects during subsequent nearby object search. The data suggest that the value of physical navigation during initial spatial exploration for subsequent memory-guided attention, specifically in early childhood, is in its association with stronger visual representations of goal reference objects during spatial exploration. By middle childhood, visual search times were not impacted by memory engagement.
Online in the US, Personal Identity is Increasingly Political
Authors: Jones Jason Jeffrey , Rogers Nick
Published: August 2021

We estimate the prevalence of including political affiliation in one’s public profile among American users of Twitter. In 2020, we estimate that more than 1 in 100 users do so, and that this proportion has consistently increased every year from 2015. By our definition and within our sample, the prevalence of political affiliation surpassed religious affiliation in 2018. Informal expressions of political ideology (e.g. the acronyms BLM and MAGA) followed the same trajectory. We encourage further study of the temporal dynamics of identity through exploration of public profile biography data.
Candidates from wealthy homes or urban areas are more advantageously positioned to qualify for medical school in Japan.
Authors: Otaki Junji , Taketomi Kikuko , Shibahara Machiko , Watanabe Yoko , Nagata‐Kobayashi Shizuko , Harada Yoshimi , Mitoma Hiroshi
Published: August 2021

BackgroundDetermining the bracket of the economic situation to enroll in a medical school in Japan is an arduous task for medical schools and educational administrations.Methods and FindingsA nationwide cross-sectional survey was utilized with an original questionnaire to identify factors advantageous for high school students seeking admission in a medical school. We sent a letter and questionnaire to the teachers in charge of career guidance at 1,746 high schools in Japan.A total of 1,094 responses were obtained. Of them, 66.8% responded affirmatively to the statement, "It is difficult for students in economically disadvantaged families to enroll in medical school," while 42.0% responded affirmatively to: "Some students gave up on going to medical school because they could not afford it," and 61.9% responded affirmatively that "students living in urban areas are more likely to go on to a medical department."ConclusionsMany high school teachers in Japan believe that students from wealthy families and those living in urban areas have an advantage in advancing to medical school. Consequently, many high school students give up on going to medical school for financial reasons.
Daily and Non-daily Smokers: A Profile of Drive and Cognitive Control Mechanisms
Authors: Bartlett James Edward
Published: August 2021

Historically, smokers were considered a single homogeneous group, but over the past two decades research has increasingly focused on differentiating daily and non-daily smokers. Despite fundamentally different smoking habits and motives, daily and non-daily smokers have similar cessation rates. In order to understand why both groups may experience a similar difficulty quitting smoking, this thesis explored neurocognitive mechanisms associated with addictive behaviour. In order to profile these mechanisms, a systematic review was conducted, highlighting there was a gap to address in two areas of research relating to drive and control. Study One (N = 60) and Study Two (N = 166) investigated attentional bias towards smoking cues using the visual probe task, finding there was no meaningful difference between daily and non-daily smokers in trait-level attentional bias. Study Three (N = 28) measured ERP components associated with inhibitory control (Go/NoGo task) and error processing (Eriksen Flanker task). There were no significant effects of interest, but the sample size was smaller than planned. This thesis made three contributions to the study of addictive behaviour. First, the systematic review highlighted that research investigating lighter and heavier smokers has a problematic level of heterogeneity in the definitions used to define the groups. Second, there was no meaningful difference in attentional bias between daily and non-daily smokers, supporting contemporary theories that attentional bias may be best conceptualised as a state-level construct. Finally, internal consistency estimates of the ERP measures of inhibitory control and error processing supported previous research reporting good psychometric properties. Overall, this thesis presented a focused profile of measures relating to drive and control neurocognitive mechanisms, but there were no meaningful differences between daily and non-daily smokers. If these mechanisms are important to addictive behaviour, future research will have to investigate their role using alternative designs.
NAPAK TILAS PAHLAWAN DEVISA (Arus Mobilitas Buruh dan Dampaknya terhadap Keluarga)
Authors: Yamin Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Buku Napak Tilas Pahlawan Devisa (Arus Mobilitas Buruh dan Dampaknya terhadap Keluarga) yang di tulis oleh saudara Muhammad Yamin ini, merupakan sekelumit arti perjalanan hidup buruh migran, kalau saya memimjam bahasa sastra ibaratkan gelombang lautan yang menghembus samudra menuju daratan. Anak muda dewasa ini harus dibingkai oleh ilmu, iman dan islam tentunya harus unggul intelektual serta anggun dalam moralitas. Saudara Muhammad Yamin saya menelaah dari perjalanan hidupnya mulai dari kuliah hingga menyelesaikan program Magister sangat merasakan pahit manisnya arus gelombang perjuangan hidup untuk mencapai ikhtiar yang dilakukan. Selama hari-harinya saudara Muhammad Yamin pernah bercerita sama saya karena tidak makan diakibatkan kehabisan sembako, namun belajar dari hal itu anakda Muhammad Yamin bangkit mengevaluasi diri dengan semangat bercita-cita tinggi menjadi orang yang sukses. Buku yang saudara Muhammad Yamin hadir dihadapan pembaca merupakan rangkaian singkat yang di olah dari hasil Tesis menyelesaikan studi Magister di Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka Jakarta. Saya secara pribadi saat ini, sebagai Rektor UM. Mataram tempat saudara Muhammad Yamin menyelesaikan Sarjana sangat terharu dan bangga dengan hadirnya buku yang berjudul Napak Tilas Pahlawan Devisa (Arus Mobilitas Buruh dan Dampaknya terhadap Keluarga).
O uso da Fábrica de Aplicativos com os professores de Geografia
Authors: Junior Luiz Martins , Martins Rosa Elisabete Militz Wypyczynski , Frozza Marcia Vidal Candido
Published: August 2021

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar a avaliação de proposta de inserção de professores e estudantes no universo digital através do dispositivo Fábrica de Aplicativos, como parte de pesquisa de doutorado em andamento, realizada com acadêmicos/as de licenciatura em Geografia do Brasil e de Portugal, no ano de 2018. A metodologia é qualitativa, com coleta de dados efetuada por meio de questionário online com 81 acadêmicos/as. Os resultados indicam que se envolver concretamente com o dispositivo digital possibilita a acadêmicos/as compreender conteúdos e conceitos curriculares, além de oferecer aos/às futuros/as professores/as uma opção de uso da tecnologia digital em seu planejamento pedagógico.
Comparative Study of Serum Gamma Glutamyltransferase, 5’ Nucleotidase and Alkaline Phosphatase in Icteric and an-Icteric Biliary Disease Patients
Authors: Singh Gill Dr. Maninder Pal
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Diagnostic enzymology plays a useful role in evaluation of various hepatobiliary diseases and numerous enzymes have been compared in different disorders. Among these, significance of Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and 5’ Nucleotidase over Alkaline Phosphatase has been stressed repeatedly, but mainly in the icteric obstructive biliary disease patients. In this study, these three enzymes were compared not only in the icteric but also the an-icteric biliary disease patients, particularly to look for elevation and significance of these enzymes in the latter group.Methods: The study was conducted on 50 biliary disease patients, who were further divided into an-icteric (32 patients) and icteric (18 patients) subgroups depending on their bilirubin levels. 50 subjects matched for age and sex with the study group were enrolled for the control group. Gamma Glutamyl Transferase, 5’Nucleotidase, Alkaline Phosphatase and bilirubin levels were evaluated in all the patients as well as the control subjects. Results: All three enzymes showed a significant rise in the icteric subgroup (p value < 0.001). However, in the an-icteric subgroup, only Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and 5’Nucleotidase showed a significant rise. The rise was more for Gamma Glutamyl Transferse (1.60 times normal, p < 0.001) as compared to 5’Nucleotidase (1.39 times normal, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and 5’Nucleotidase are useful for evaluation of not only obstructive biliary disease patients but also for the patients with biliary disease who are an-icteric, and out of these two, the former is a more valuable diagnostic indicator in such diseases
Relative Tomato Spotted Wilt Incidence and Field Performance among Peanut Cultivars as Influenced by Different Input Production Practices in Georgia.
Authors: Branch W. D. , Brown N. , Mailhot D. J. , Culbreath A. K.
Published: August 2021

During 2017-19, 30 replicated yield trials were conducted to determine relative tomato spotted wilt (TSW) incidence and general field performance among 19 runner and virginia market type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars. Four different input production practices were compared across three Georgia locations (Tifton, Plains, and Midville). Two early-planted (April) field tests were conducted at Tifton and Plains each year. One early-planted trial involved maximum-input practices of recommended pesticides with irrigation, and the other early-planted field trial did not receive any fungicides, insecticides, or irrigation. Early-planted maximum-input production practices with irrigation resulted in the highest percentage of mid-season TSW and late-season total disease incidences while also producing the highest pod yields and dollar values. Two other optimum-planted (May) maximum-input field tests were conducted at Tifton, Plains, and Midville, GA as part of the official statewide variety trials (OVT). These OVT utilized maximum-input production practices of pesticides both with and without irrigation. In the OVT, midseason TSW incidence showed no difference between irrigated and non-irrigated; however, the end-of-season total disease percentages which were predominantly TSW did show significantly higher disease percentage, produced the highest pod yields and dollar values within the irrigated field tests compared to the non-irrigated tests. In the overall four tests comparison, disease results showed significantly lower TSW incidence in the early-planted tests without fungicides and insecticides input production practices and no-irrigation; whereas, both optimum planted OVT(s) had the lowest total disease incidence. Overall average field performance for pod yields and dollar values were significantly highest in the optimum-planted tests with maximum-inputs including irrigation. Significant differences were also found among the 19 peanut cultivars. ‘Georgia-06G', ‘Georgia-12Y', and ‘Georgia-18RU' had the lowest relative TSW incidence compared to the other runner-type cultivars. ‘Georgia-19HP' had the lowest TSW incidence and total disease incidence among the virginia-type cultivars. Among the runner cultivars, Georgia-12Y had the lowest total disease incidence at the end of the season. The highest pod yields were found with Georgia-06G and ‘Georgia-16HO'; whereas, Georgia-18RU and Georgia-06G had the highest dollar values among the runner-type peanut cultivars. Georgia-19HP had the highest pod yield and dollar value among the virginia-type cultivars.