bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructure reconstruction of 2D/3D random materials via diffusion-based deep generative models
Authors: Lyu Xianrui , Ren Xiaodan
Published: February 2024

Microstructure reconstruction serves as a crucial foundation for establishing process–structure–property (PSP) relationship in material design. Confronting the limitations of variational autoencoder and generative adversarial network within generative models, this study adopted the denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM) to learn the probability distribution of high-dimensional raw data and successfully reconstructed the microstructures of various composite materials, such as inclusion materials, spinodal decomposition materials, chessboard materials, fractal noise materials, and so on. The quality of generated microstructure was evaluated using quantitative measures like spatial correlation functions and Fourier descriptor. On this basis, this study also achieved the regulation of microstructure randomness and the generation of gradient materials through continuous interpolation in latent space using denoising diffusion implicit model (DDIM). Furthermore, the two-dimensional microstructure reconstruction was extended to three-dimensional framework and integrated permeability as a feature encoding embedding. This enables the conditional generation of three-dimensional microstructures for random porous materials within a defined permeability range. The permeabilities of these generated microstructures were further validated through the application of the lattice Boltzmann method. The above methods provide new ideas and references for material reverse design.
CT-based Assessment at 6-Month Follow-up of COVID-19 Pneumonia patients in China
Authors: Fang Xingyu , Lv Yuan , Lv Wei , Liu Lin , Feng Yun , Liu Li , Pan Feng , Zhang Yijun
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to assess pulmonary changes at 6-month follow-up CT and predictors of pulmonary residual abnormalities and fibrotic-like changes in COVID-19 pneumonia patients in China following relaxation of COVID restrictions in 2022. A total of 271 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted between November 29, 2022 and February 10, 2023 were prospectively evaluated at 6 months. CT characteristics and Chest CT scores of pulmonary abnormalities were compared between the initial and the 6-month CT. The association of demographic and clinical factors with CT residual abnormalities or fibrotic-like changes were assessed using logistic regression. Follow-up CT scans were obtained at a median of 177 days (IQR, 170–185 days) after hospital admission. Pulmonary residual abnormalities and fibrotic-like changes were found in 98 (36.2%) and 39 (14.4%) participants. In multivariable analysis of pulmonary residual abnormalities and fibrotic-like changes, the top three predictive factors were invasive ventilation (OR 13.6; 95% CI 1.9, 45; P < .001), age > 60 years (OR 9.1; 95% CI 2.3, 39; P = .01), paxlovid (OR 0.11; 95% CI 0.04, 0.48; P = .01) and invasive ventilation (OR 10.3; 95% CI 2.9, 33; P = .002), paxlovid (OR 0.1; 95% CI 0.03, 0.48; P = .01), smoker (OR 9.9; 95% CI 2.4, 31; P = .01), respectively. The 6-month follow-up CT of recent COVID-19 pneumonia cases in China showed a considerable proportion of the patients with pulmonary residual abnormalities and fibrotic-like changes. Antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 like paxlovid may be beneficial for long-term regression of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Projections of meteorological drought severity-duration variations based on CMIP6
Authors: Behzadi Farhad , Javadi Saman , Yousefi Hossein , Hashemy Shahdany S. Mehdy , Moridi Ali , Neshat Aminreza , Golmohammadi Golmar , Maghsoudi Rahimeh
Published: February 2024

This research utilized the outputs from three models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), specifically CanESM5, GFDL-ESM4, and IPSL-CM6A-LR. These models were used under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, along with the SPI and SPEI, to assess the impacts of climate change on drought in Iran. The results indicated that the average annual precipitation will increase under some scenarios and decrease under others in the near future (2022–2050). In the distant future (2051–2100), the average annual precipitation will increase in all states by 8–115 mm. The average minimum and maximum temperature will increase by up to 4.85 ℃ and 4.9 ℃, respectively in all states except for G2S1. The results suggest that severe droughts are anticipated across Iran, with Cluster 5 expected to experience the longest and most severe drought, lasting 6 years with a severity index of 85 according to the SPI index. Climate change is projected to amplify drought severity, particularly in central and eastern Iran. The SPEI analysis confirms that drought conditions will worsen in the future, with southeastern Iran projected to face the most severe drought lasting 20 years. Climate change is expected to extend drought durations and increase severity, posing significant challenges to water management in Iran.
MRI-based central sarcopenia negatively impacts the therapeutic effectiveness of single-segment lumbar fusion surgery in the elderly
Authors: Sun Kai , Zhu Haoran , Huang Bo , Li Jun , Liu Genjiu , Jiao Genlong , Chen Guoliang
Published: February 2024

Central sarcopenia is associated with the prognosis of various orthopedic surgeries in the elderly. This study aims to investigate its impact on the outcomes of single-segment lumbar fusion surgery in elderly patients. Retrospective analysis was conducted on 314 patients aged 60 to 80 who underwent single-segment posterior lumbar fusion surgery due to degenerative lumbar diseases. Patients were categorized into high psoas and L4 vertebral index (PLVI) and low PLVI groups according to the MRI-measured PLVI for central sarcopenia. Basic patient data, surgery-related parameters, functional assessments at preoperative and postoperative 3, 6, and 12 months, and X-ray-based fusion status were compared. The basic data of the two groups showed no significant differences. Parameters including the operative segment, preoperative hemoglobin levels, surgical duration, and intraoperative blood loss exhibited no significant variances. However, notable differences were observed in postoperative initial hemoglobin levels, transfusion requirements, and length of hospital stay between the two groups. During the postoperative follow-ups at 3, 6, and 12 months, the VAS scores for lower back pain and ODI scores in the lower PLVI group were significantly higher compared to the high PLVI group. Additionally, the EuroQoL 5D scores were notably lower in the low PLVI group. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of leg pain VAS scores at each time point and the fusion status at 12 months postoperatively. MRI-based central sarcopenia has a negative impact on the therapeutic effectiveness following single-segment lumbar fusion surgery in elderly patients.
Randomized controlled trial study of intelligent rehabilitation training system for functional ankle instability
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , He Mengxiao , Hu Rongbo , Chen Zhencheng
Published: February 2024

To investigate the intervention effect of an intelligent rehabilitation training system on patients with functional ankle instability (FAI) and to advance the research to optimise the effect of FAI rehabilitation training. Thirty-four FAI patients who participated in this trial in Guilin City from April 2023 to June 2023 were recruited as research subjects, and all subjects were randomly divided into the control group (n = 17) and the observation group (n = 17). Both groups received the conventional rehabilitation training intervention for 6 weeks, and the observation group received the additional training using the intelligent rehabilitation training system training invented by our team. Visual analogue scale (VAS), ankle active mobility, ankle muscle strength and Y-balance test (YBT) were assessed before and after treatment. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA shows that the interaction effect between time and group of VAS scores was significant (F = 35.644, P < 0.05). The interaction effect between time and group of plantar flexion mobility was significant (F = 23.948, P < 0.05), the interaction effect between time and group of dorsiflexion mobility was significant (F = 6.570, P < 0.05), the interaction effect between time and group of inversion mobility was significant (F = 8.360, P < 0.05), the interaction effect between time and group of eversion mobility was significant (F = 10.113, P < 0.05). The interaction effect between time and group of inversion muscle strength was significant (F = 18.107, P < 0.05). The interaction effect between time and group of YBT scores was significant (F = 33.324, P < 0.05). The Intelligent Rehabilitation Training System can effectively reduce pain in FAI patients, improve joint range of motion, increase inversion strength, and improve dynamic balance of the affected limb.
The global atlas of edible insects: analysis of diversity and commonality contributing to food systems and sustainability
Authors: Omuse Evanson R. , Tonnang Henri E. Z. , Yusuf Abdullahi Ahmed , Machekano Honest , Egonyu James Peter , Kimathi Emily , Mohamed Samira Faris , Kassie Menale , Subramanian Sevgan , Onditi Juliet , Mwangi Serah , Ekesi Sunday , Niassy Saliou
Published: February 2024

The future of the food system on the planet is increasingly facing uncertainties that are attributable to population growth and a surge in demand for nutritious food. Traditional agricultural practices are poised to place strain on production, as well as natural resources and ecosystem services provided, particularly under a changing climate. Given their remarkable attributes, including a low environmental footprint, high food conversion ratio, rapid growth and nutritional values, edible insects can play a vital role in the global food system. Nonetheless, substantial knowledge gaps persist regarding their diversity, global distribution, and shared characteristics across regions, potentially impeding effective scaling and access to edible insects. Therefore, we compiled and analysed the fragmented database on edible insects and identified potential drivers that elucidate insect consumption, globally, focusing on promoting a sustainable food system. We collated data from various sources, including the literature for a list of edible insect species, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and iNaturalist for the geographical presence of edible insects, the Copernicus Land Service library for Global Land Cover, and FAOSTAT for population, income, and nutritional security parameters. Subsequently, we performed a series of analytics at the country, regional and continental levels. Our study identifies 2205 insect species, consumed across 128 countries globally. Among continents, Asia has the highest number of edible insects (932 species), followed by North America (mainly Mexico) and Africa. The countries with the highest consumption of insects are Mexico (450 species), Thailand (272 species), India (262 species), DRC (255 species), China (235 species), Brazil (140 species), Japan (123 species), and Cameroon (100 species). Our study also revealed some common and specific practices related to edible insect access and utilisation among countries and regions. Although insect consumption is often rooted in cultural practices, it exhibits correlations with land cover, the geographical presence of potentially edible insects, the size of a country’s population, and income levels. The practice of eating insects is linked to the culture of people in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, while increased consciousness and the need for food sustainability are driving most of the European countries to evaluate eating insects. Therefore, edible insects are becoming an increasingly significant part of the future of planetary food systems. Therefore, more proactive efforts are required to promote them for their effective contribution to achieving sustainable food production.
Visual processing speed and its association with future dementia development in a population-based prospective cohort: EPIC-Norfolk
Authors: Begde Ahmet , Wilcockson Thomas , Brayne Carol , Hogervorst Eef
Published: February 2024

Visual processing deficits have frequently been reported when studied in individuals with dementia, which suggests their potential utility in supporting dementia screening. The study uses EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Cohort Study data (n = 8623) to investigate the role of visual processing speed assessed by the Visual Sensitivity Test (VST) in identifying the risk of future dementia using Cox regression analyses. Individuals with lower scores on the simple and complex VST had a higher probability of a future dementia diagnosis HR1.39 (95% CI 1.12, 1.67, P < 0.01) and HR 1.56 (95% CI 1.27, 1.90, P < 0.01), respectively. Although other more commonly used cognitive dementia screening tests were better predictors of future dementia risk (HR 3.45 for HVLT and HR 2.66, for SF-EMSE), the complex VST showed greater sensitivity to variables frequently associated with dementia risk. Reduced complex visual processing speed is significantly associated with a high likelihood of a future dementia diagnosis and risk/protective factors in this cohort. Combining visual processing tests with other neuropsychological tests could improve the identification of future dementia risk.
Long-term monitoring of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in patients with extra copies of the MALT1 gene
Authors: Iwamuro Masaya , Takenaka Ryuta , Miyahara Koji , Okanoue Shotaro , Yoshioka Masao , Sakaguchi Chihiro , Yamamoto Kumiko , Kawai Yoshinari , Toyokawa Tatsuya , Tanaka Takehiro , Otsuka Motoyuki
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study was to clarify the long-term prognosis of patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with additional copies of MALT1. In this multicenter retrospective study, we enrolled 145 patients with gastric MALT lymphoma who underwent fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to detect t(11;18) translocation. The patient cohort was divided into three groups: Group A (n = 87), comprising individuals devoid of the t(11;18) translocation or extra MALT1 copies; Group B (n = 27), encompassing patients characterized by the presence of the t(11;18) translocation; and Group C (n = 31), including patients with extra MALT1 copies. The clinical outcomes in each cohort were collected. Over the course of a mean follow-up of 8.5 ± 4.2 years, one patient died of progressive MALT lymphoma, while 15 patients died due to etiologies unrelated to lymphoma. The progression or relapse of MALT lymphoma was observed in 11 patients: three in Group A, two in Group B, and six in Group C. In Groups A, B, and C, the 10-year overall survival rates were 82.5%, 93.8%, and 86.4%, respectively, and the 10-year event-free survival rates were 96.1%, 96.0%, and 82.9%, respectively. The event-free survival rate in Group C was significantly lower than that in Group A. However, no differences were observed in the 10-year event-free survival rates among individuals limited to stage I or II1 disease (equivalent to excluding patients with stage IV disease in this study, as there were no patients with stage II2), with rates of 98.6%, 95.8%, and 92.3% for Groups A, B, and C, respectively. In conclusion, the presence of extra copies of MALT1 was identified as an inferior prognostic determinant of event-free survival. Consequently, trisomy/tetrasomy 18 may serve as an indicator of progression and refractoriness to therapeutic intervention in patients with gastric MALT lymphoma, particularly stage IV gastric MALT lymphoma.
Internet- and mobile-based psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress symptoms in youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Schulte Christina , Harrer Mathias , Sachser Cedric , Weiss Jasmina , Zarski Anna-Carlotta
Published: February 2024

Psychological interventions can help reduce posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in youth, but many do not seek help. Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) show promise in expanding treatment options. However, the overall evidence on IMIs in reducing PTSS among youth remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of IMIs in PTSS reduction for youth exposed to traumatic events. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in January 2023 including non-randomized and randomized-controlled trials (RCT) investigating the effects of IMIs on PTSS in youth aged ≤25 years. Six studies were identified with five providing data for the meta-analysis. The majority of studies included youth with different types of trauma irrespective of PTSS severity at baseline (k = 5). We found a small within-group effect in reducing PTSS from baseline to post-treatment (g = −0.39, 95% CrI: −0.67 to −0.11, k = 5; n = 558; 9 comparisons). No effect emerged when comparing the effect of IMIs to control conditions (g = 0.04; 95%-CrI: -0.52 to 0.6, k = 3; n = 768; k = 3; 4 comparisons). Heterogeneity was low between and within studies. All studies showed at least some concerns in terms of risk of bias. Current evidence does not conclusively support the overall efficacy of IMIs in addressing youth PTSS. This review revealed a scarcity of studies investigating IMIs for youth exposed to traumatic events, with most being feasibility studies rather than adequately powered RCTs and lacking a trauma focus. This underscores the demand for more high-quality research.
Differential requirements for Smarca5 expression during hematopoietic stem cell commitment
Authors: Turkova Tereza , Kokavec Juraj , Zikmund Tomas , Dibus Nikol , Pimkova Kristyna , Nemec Dusan , Holeckova Marketa , Ruskova Livia , Sedlacek Radislav , Cermak Lukas , Stopka Tomas
Published: February 2024

The formation of hematopoietic cells relies on the chromatin remodeling activities of ISWI ATPase SMARCA5 (SNF2H) and its complexes. The Smarca5 null and conditional alleles have been used to study its functions in embryonic and organ development in mice. These mouse model phenotypes vary from embryonic lethality of constitutive knockout to less severe phenotypes observed in tissue-specific Smarca5 deletions, e.g., in the hematopoietic system. Here we show that, in a gene dosage-dependent manner, the hypomorphic allele of SMARCA5 (S5tg) can rescue not only the developmental arrest in hematopoiesis in the hCD2iCre model but also the lethal phenotypes associated with constitutive Smarca5 deletion or Vav1iCre-driven conditional knockout in hematopoietic progenitor cells. Interestingly, the latter model also provided evidence for the role of SMARCA5 expression level in hematopoietic stem cells, as the Vav1iCre S5tg animals accumulate stem and progenitor cells. Furthermore, their hematopoietic stem cells exhibited impaired lymphoid lineage entry and differentiation. This observation contrasts with the myeloid lineage which is developing without significant disturbances. Our findings indicate that animals with low expression of SMARCA5 exhibit normal embryonic development with altered lymphoid entry within the hematopoietic stem cell compartment.
Sequestration within peptide coacervates improves the fluorescence intensity, kinetics, and limits of detection of dye-based DNA biosensors
Authors: Green Christopher M. , Sementa Deborah , Mathur Divita , Melinger Joseph S. , Deshpande Priyasha , Elbaum-Garfinkle Shana , Medintz Igor L. , Ulijn Rein V. , Díaz Sebastián A.
Published: February 2024

Peptide-based liquid-liquid phase separated domains, or coacervates, are a biomaterial gaining new interest due to their exciting potential in fields ranging from biosensing to drug delivery. In this study, we demonstrate that coacervates provide a simple and biocompatible medium to improve nucleic acid biosensors through the sequestration of both the biosensor and target strands within the coacervate, thereby increasing their local concentration. Using the well-established polyarginine (R9) – ATP coacervate system and an energy transfer-based DNA molecular beacon we observed three key improvements: i) a greater than 20-fold reduction of the limit of detection within coacervates when compared to control buffer solutions; ii) an increase in the kinetics, equilibrium was reached more than 4-times faster in coacervates; and iii) enhancement in the dye fluorescent quantum yields within the coacervates, resulting in greater signal-to-noise. The observed benefits translate into coacervates greatly improving bioassay functionality.
Geochemical diversity of continental arc basaltic mushy reservoirs driven by reactive melt infiltration
Authors: Li Jun-Yong , Wang Xiao-Lei , Gu Zhi-Dong , Wang Di , Du De-Hong
Published: February 2024

The reactive melt flow emerges as an important factor for diversification of basaltic magmatic reservoirs, but whether and how it influences continental arc basaltic mushes are enigmatic. Here, we used mineral and whole-rock geochemistry to examine the petrogenesis of a suit of mafic and intermediate plutons in western Yangtze Block, which were emplaced at continental arc crust and primarily had plagioclase and clinopyroxene as early cumulate mineral phases. We found the crystal mushes were infiltrated by externally-derived reactive melt with high δ18O and fertile crustal signatures, resulting in the changes of mineral phases (e.g., clinopyroxene transformed to hornblende) and bulk-rock geochemistry (including isotopes). Then, the reacted granitic melt was prone to either be extracted from or stall in the crystal mushes, generating quartz-poor (mafic) or quartz-rich (intermediate) plutons, respectively. This study supports the reactive melt infiltration may serve as an important engine for compositional diversity of basaltic mush system within continental arc settings.
FeS nanosheets assembled with 1T-MoS2 nanoflowers on iron foam for efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Feng Bo , Jin Shuting , Lang Jihui , Wang Jian , Hua Jie , Sun Yunfei , Zhang Wei , Wang Jin , Cao Jian
Published: February 2024

The exploration of highly efficient noble-metal-free catalysts for overall water splitting is crucial for industrial application.
Nitrogen-rich Ce–N compounds under high pressure
Authors: Wang Yuan-Yuan , Liu Shuang , Lu Shuang-Chen , Li Yi , Yao Zhen
Published: February 2024

Four novel Ce nitrides with novel polymeric units are reported for the first time; their outstanding energy densities and detonation properties make them favorable high-energy density materials.
Is this how bromine spiropyran salt is converted to merocyanine under UV irradiation? A look through the prism of quantum chemical calculations
Authors: Tulyabaev Arthur R. , Khuzin Artur A. , Lukmanov Timur I. , Sabirov Denis Sh.
Published: February 2024

UV spectroscopic properties, stability, and the probable transformation mechanism between spiropyran and its merocyanine forms are simulated with TD-DFT.
Cyclotribenzylene alkynylgold(i) phosphine complexes: synthesis, chirality, and exchange of phosphine
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zorn Nathalie , Leize-Wagner Emmanuelle , Jean Marion , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Espinosa Enrique , Aubert Emmanuel , Vincent Bruno , Chambron Jean-Claude
Published: February 2024

C
3-symmetric cyclotribenzylene (CTB) alkynylgold(i) phosphine complexes were studied by ESI-MS, DOSY, and ECD. and the conditions to observe dimer formation possibly by aurophilic interactions in function of CTB and/or phosphine substitution explored.
Ultra-stability and high output performance of a sliding mode triboelectric nanogenerator achieved by an asymmetric electrode structure design
Authors: Li Gui , Wang Jian , He Yue , Xu Shuyan , Fu Shaoke , Shan Chuncai , Wu Huiyuan , An Shanshan , Li Kaixian , Li Wen , Wang Ping , Hu Chenguo
Published: February 2024

A new type of sliding-TENG with asymmetric electrode design achieves high output performance and ultra-stability by the balance of electrostatic shielding and charge accumulation for providing power supply to some electrical devices.
Design and development of a new flowable and photocurable lactide and caprolactone-based polymer for bone repair and augmentation
Authors: Hamidi A. S. , Hadis M. A. , Williams R. L. , Grover L. M. , Palin W. M.
Published: February 2024

The development of a novel PLLA-DM/PCF-DM light curable resin for bone tissue augmentation with high polymer conversion at 6 mm depth, suitable tensile strength properties and promising biocompatibility characteristics.
3D printing of layered vanadium disulfide for water-in-salt electrolyte zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Tagliaferri Stefano , Nagaraju Goli , Sokolikova Maria , Quintin-Baxendale Rachael , Mattevi Cecilia
Published: February 2024

Durable and dissolution-free 3D printed VS2 electrodes for water-in-salt electrolyte Zn-ion batteries were reported.
Hydrophobic diamine-functionalized ionic liquid for effective transformation of CO2: a bridge to achieve separation and recycling processes in homogeneous systems
Authors: Wei Wei , Zhang Jiahe , Li Yan , Deng Tianlong , Hu Jiayin
Published: February 2024

The ionic liquid [MAMIm][PF6] promotes the reaction of CO2 and halohydrins under mild conditions with a high yield of cyclic carbonates, and can be readily recycled by simple washing.
Kuttsukigami: sticky sheet design
Authors: Twohig Timothy , Tutika Ravi , Zu Wuzhou , Bartlett Michael D. , Croll Andrew B.
Published: February 2024

Shaping 3D objects from 2D sheets enables form and function in diverse areas from art to engineering.
Emergence of preferential flow paths and intermittent dynamics in emulsion transport in porous media
Authors: Izaguirre Michael , Parsa Shima
Published: February 2024

Emulsions injected into 2D porous media flow through pores with higher local velocities without being selective about the size of the pores they encounter, leading to the trapping of a large number of them and the formation of preferential paths.
Droplet jump from a particle bed
Authors: Cardin Karl , Cabrera-Booman Facundo , Cal Raúl Bayoán
Published: February 2024

Drop tower experiments have been performed to study droplet jump from a particle bed in microgravity across a wide range of fluid viscosities.
Applications and prospects of microneedles in tumor drug delivery
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Liu Xiyu , He Jian
Published: February 2024

Microneedles that can be inserted and attached to multiple organ sites are considered an innovative platform for delivering anti-tumor drugs, which can be used in various tumor treatment protocols.
Unlocking the potential of perovskite-based nanomaterials for revolutionary smartphone-based sensor applications
Authors: Li Dan , Zhuang Pengfei , Sun Cai
Published: February 2024

The use of perovskite-based nanomaterials in smartphone sensors, which enhance accessibility and efficiency in health diagnostics, and their potential in the integration with wearable technology for improved health monitoring is explored.
Impact of the experimental bandwidth on circularly polarized luminescence measurements of lanthanide complexes: the case of erbium(iii)
Authors: Sickinger Annika , Baguenard Bruno , Bensalah-Ledoux Amina , Guyot Yannick , Guy Laure , Pointillart Fabrice , Cador Olivier , Grasser Maxime , Le Guennic Boris , Riobé François , Maury Olivier , Guy Stéphan
Published: February 2024

The NIR circularly polarized luminescence of erbium complexes is strongly dependent on the experimental conditions and in particular on the experimental bandwidth.
Controllable synthesis of star-shaped FeCoMnOx nanocrystals and their self-assembly into superlattices with low-packing densities
Authors: Xia Zhe , Gao Yutong , Cai Qingfu , Wang Yajun , Yang Dong , Li Tongtao , Dong Angang
Published: February 2024

Monodisperse, star-shaped FeCoMnOx nanocrystals with tunable concavity were synthesized and employed as building blocks for self-assembly at the air-liquid interface, resulting in two types of two-dimensional superlattices with low packing densities.
Synthesis of sydnonimines from sydnones and their use for bioorthogonal release of isocyanates in cells
Authors: Baudet Judith , Lesur Emilie , Ribéraud Maxime , Chevalier Arnaud , D’Anfray Timothée , Thuéry Pierre , Audisio Davide , Taran Frédéric
Published: February 2024

A new synthetic route to sydnonimines allows the preparation of probes to release isocyanates inside living cells.
Solution and solid-state characterization of rare silyluranium(iii) complexes
Authors: Lin Nathan J. , Zeller Matthias , Bart Suzanne C.
Published: February 2024

A uranium(iii) silylate complex [K(DME)4]-[UI2{(Si(SiMe3)2SiMe2)2O}] (1) was stabilized by the addition of 18-crown-6 to form [K(18-crown-6)][UI2{(Si(SiMe3)2SiMe2)2O}]. This species was fully characterized using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, electronic absorption spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.
Correction: Zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived composites with SnO2 and ZnO phase components for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction
Authors: Guan Yayu , Liu Yuyu , Yi Jin , Zhang Jiujun
Published: February 2024

Correction for ‘Zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived composites with SnO2 and ZnO phase components for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction’ by Yayu Guan et al., Dalton Trans., 2022, 51, 7274–7283, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2dt00906d.
Realizing high-performance thermoelectric modules through enhancing the power factor via optimizing the carrier mobility in n-type PbSe crystals
Authors: Wang Siqi , Wen Yi , Bai Shulin , Zhao Zhe , Li Yichen , Gao Xiang , Cao Qian , Chang Cheng , Zhao Li-Dong
Published: February 2024

The thermoelectric properties of n-type PbSe are enhanced by optimizing the power factor through crystal growth and slight-tuning vacancy and interstitial defects.
Retraction: Dealcoholized muscadine wine was partially effective in preventing and treating dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and restoring gut dysbiosis in mice
Authors: Li Hao , Christman Lindsey M. , Yagiz Yavuz , Washington Taylor L. , Wang Gary P. , Gu Liwei
Published: February 2024

Retraction of ‘Dealcoholized muscadine wine was partially effective in preventing and treating dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and restoring gut dysbiosis in mice’ by Hao Li et al., Food Funct., 2023, 14, 5994–6011, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3FO00047H.
Rhombohedral ZnIn2S4-catalysed anodic direct electrochemical oxidative cleavage of C–O bond in α-O-4 linkages in ambient conditions
Authors: Zhu Qi , Gong Bo , Huang Shuquan , Jin Yangxin , Liu Shengqin , Shao Shan , Yang Yuwei , Cataldo Taren , Bedford Nicholas M. , Lam Jason Chun-Ho
Published: February 2024

The electrochemical selective oxidative transformation of lignin feedstocks into valuable oxygenated aromatics is essential to establish a sustainable biorefinery.
Detection of surface contamination for particulate metals using spark emission spectroscopy
Authors: Zheng Lina , Huang Jing , Liu Lingyu , Li Jialin , Feng Zikang , Zhu Yingshuo
Published: February 2024

A new, field-portable method based on spark emission spectroscopy has been developed for on-site measurement of surface contamination for particulate metals.
Exploring response time and synaptic plasticity in P3HT ion-gated transistors for neuromorphic computing: impact of P3HT molecular weight and film thickness
Authors: Karimi Azari Ramin , Gao Zhaojing , Carrière Alexandre , Santato Clara
Published: February 2024

Response time and plasticity of P3HT-IGTs can be controlled by engineering input stimuli, P3HT molecular weight and channel thickness.
Preventing lead leakage in perovskite solar cells and modules with a low-cost and stable chemisorption coating
Authors: Zhang Zongxu , Shi Yating , Chen Jiujiang , Shen Peng , Li Hongshi , Yang Mengjin , Wang Shirong , Li Xianggao , Zhang Fei
Published: February 2024

A low-cost and rapidly degraded sulfosuccinic acid-modified polyvinyl alcohol (SMP) coating was reported, preventing lead leakage by over 99% and without compromising device performance. In addition, it can be applied to different device structures.
Frustrated Lewis pairs in two-dimensional borocarbonitride for the facile synthesis of 3-aminoimidazo[1,2-α]pyridines using TMSCN as an isonitrile substitute
Authors: Leng Jing , Ali Mohd Sajid , Al-Lohedan Hamad A. , Rout Chandra Sekhar , Pramoda K. , Sharath Kumar Kothanahally S.
Published: February 2024

Reusable catalysts are attractive alternatives to the metal-free catalysts accelerating the Groebke–Blackburn–Bienayme reaction for the efficient synthesis of imidazo[1,2-α]pyridines.
Synthesis and studies of aqueous-stable diruthenium aminocarbyne complexes uncovered an N-indolyl derivative as a prospective anticancer agent
Authors: Fiaschi Matteo , Vančo Ján , Biancalana Lorenzo , Malina Tomáš , Dvořák Zdeněk , Funaioli Tiziana , Zacchini Stefano , Guelfi Massimo , Trávníček Zdeněk , Marchetti Fabio
Published: February 2024

Within a set of diruthenium aminocarbyne analogues, an indolyl-decorated complex, displaying optimal physicochemical properties, exhibited potent in vitro cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines, coupled with remarkable selectivity.
Synthesis and immunogenicity evaluation of oligosaccharide epitopes for the development of a glycoconjugate vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3
Authors: Ma Xiaolin , Zhao Jielin , Wang Guirong , Chen Jiaxin , Li Jiaqi , Huang Zhen , Gu Guofeng
Published: February 2024

A preliminary structure–activity relationship study revealed the potential ST3 oligosaccharide antigenic epitope for anti-ST3 vaccine development.
A surface passivated fluorinated polymer nanocomposite for carbon monoxide resistant plasmonic hydrogen sensing
Authors: Östergren I. , Darmadi I. , Lerch S. , da Silva R. R. , Craighero M. , Paleti S. H. K. , Moth-Poulsen K. , Langhammer C. , Müller C.
Published: February 2024

Core:shell architecture of Teflon AF:Pd coated with PMMA, which generates a protective barrier against carbon monoxide, simultaneously allowing fast and selective hydrogen sensing.
Optimizing the performance of phase-change azobenzene: from trial and error to machine learning
Authors: Wang Kai , Yu Huitao , Gao Jingli , Feng Yiyu , Feng Wei
Published: February 2024

Machine learning can predict the properties of phase change azobenzene derivatives and guide molecular design to further improve their photothermal conversion performance.
ArtProtect: Blockchain and NFC‐based anti‐counterfeit system for physical art
Authors: Tantowibowo Cindy Handoko , Yau Wei‐Chuen
Published: February 2024

Counterfeit artwork presents a significant risk to copyright holders and the economy. Without expertise in art, it is not straightforward to distinguish an artwork counterfeit from a genuine piece. This work designs and implements a reliable solution that enables users with near‐field communication‐enabled Android smartphones to verify artwork authenticity by accessing its respective certificate of authenticity stored in the Ethereum blockchain. To represent a physical artwork, the artwork image and metadata are stored in an inter‐planetary file system and minted as an ERC721 non‐fungible token to a smart contract deployed in Ethereum Rinkeby Testnet. The mobile app ArtProtect was developed to generate certificate of authenticity based on each non‐fungible token fetched through OpenSea Testnet API. Users access this information by scanning an near‐field communication tag embedded into the artwork. The content of the tag is signed by the respective artwork's artist and responsible agent by using Ethereum signing with their Ethereum wallet accounts. Through testing and analysis, the implemented work is secure, tamper‐evident, usable, flexible, and inexpensive to be applied to a real‐world scenario.
The transient event in NGC 1566 from 2017 to 2019
Authors: Ochmann M. W. , Kollatschny W. , Probst M. A. , Romero-Colmenero E. , Buckley D. A. H. , Chelouche D. , Chini R. , Grupe D. , Haas M. , Kaspi S. , Komossa S. , Parker M. L. , Santos-Lleo M. , Schartel N. , Famula P.
Published: February 2024

Context.NGC 1566 is a local face-on Seyfert galaxy and is known for exhibiting recurrent outbursts that are accompanied by changes in spectral type. The most recent transient event occurred from 2017 to 2019 and was reported to be accompanied by a change in Seyfert classification from Seyfert 1.8 to Seyfert 1.2.

Aims.We aim to study the transient event in detail by analyzing the variations in the optical broad-line profiles. In particular, we intend to determine the structure and kinematics of the broad-line region.

Methods.We analyzed data from an optical spectroscopic variability campaign of NGC 1566 taken with the 9.2 m Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) between July 2018 and October 2019 triggered by the detection of hard X-ray emission in June 2018. We supplemented this data set with optical to near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic archival data taken by VLT/MUSE in September 2015 and October 2017, and investigated the emission from different line species during the event.

Results.NGC 1566 exhibits pronounced spectral changes during the transient event. We observe the emergence and fading of a strong power-law-like blue continuum as well as strong variations in the Balmer, He I, and He IIlines and the coronal lines [Fe VII], [Fe X], and [Fe XI]. Moreover, we detect broad double-peaked emission line profiles of O Iλ8446 and the Ca IIλλ8498, 8542, 8662 triplet. This is the first time that genuine double-peaked O Iλ8446 and Ca IIλλ8498, 8542, 8662 emission in AGN is reported in the literature. All broad lines show a clear redward asymmetry with respect to their central wavelength and we find indications for a significant blueward drift of the total line profiles during the transient event. The profiles and the FWHM of the Balmer lines remain largely constant during all observations. We show that the double-peaked emission line profiles are well approximated by emission from a low-inclination, relativistic eccentric accretion disk, and that single-peaked profiles can be obtained by broadening due to scale-height-dependent turbulence. Small-scale features in the O Iand Ca IIlines suggest the presence of inhomogeneities in the broad-line region.

Conclusions.We conclude that the broad-line region in NGC 1566 is dominated by the kinematics of a relativistic eccentric accretion disk. The broad-line region can be modeled to be vertically stratified with respect to scale-height turbulence with O Iand Ca IIbeing emitted close to the disk in a region with high (column) density, while the Balmer and helium lines are emitted at greater scale height above the disk. The observed blueward drift might be attributed to a low-optical-depth wind launched during the transient event. Except for this wind, the observed kinematics of the broad-line region remain largely unchanged during the transient event.
Quasar 3C 47: Extreme Population B jetted source with double-peaked profiles
Authors: Mengistue Shimeles Terefe , Marziani Paola , del Olmo Ascensión , Pović Mirjana , Perea Jaime , Deconto Machado Alice
Published: February 2024

Context.An optically thick, geometrically thin accretion disk (AD) around a supermassive black hole might contribute to broad-line emission in type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGN). However, the emission line profiles are most often not immediately consistent with the profiles expected from a rotating disk. The extent to which an AD in AGN contributes to the broad Balmer lines and high-ionization UV lines in radio-loud (RL) AGN needs to be investigated.

Aims.This work aims to determine whether the AD can account for the double-peaked profiles observed in the Balmer lines (Hβ, Hα), near-UV (MgIIλ2800), and high-ionization UV lines (C IVλ1549, CIII]λ1909) of the extremely jetted quasar3C 47.

Methods.The low ionization lines (LILs) (Hβ, Hα, and Mg IIλ2800) were analyzed using a relativistic Keplerian AD model. Fits were carried out following Bayesian and multicomponent nonlinear approaches. The profiles of prototypical high ionization lines (HILs) were also modeled by the contribution of the AD, along with fairly symmetric additional components.

Results.The LIL profiles of3C 47agree very well with a relativistic Keplerian AD model. The disk emission is constrained between ≈102and ≈103gravitational radii, with a viewing angle of ≈ 30 degrees.

Conclusions.The study provides convincing direct observational evidence for the presence of an AD and explains that the HIL profiles are due to disk and failed-wind contributions. The agreement between the observed profiles of the LILs and the model is remarkable. The main alternative, a double broad-line region associated with a binary black hole, is found to be less favored than the disk model for the quasar3C 47.
Sharp inequalities involving the Cheeger constant of planar convex sets
Authors: Ftouhi Ilias , Masiello Alba Lia , Paoli Gloria
Published: February 2024

We are interested in finding sharp bounds for the Cheeger constant h via different geometrical quantities, namely the area |•|, the perimeterP, the inradiusr, the circumradiusR, the minimal widthwand the diameterd. We provide new sharp inequalities between these quantities for planar convex bodies and enounce new conjectures based on numerical simulations. In particular, we completely solve the Blaschke-Santaló diagrams describing all the possible inequalities involving the triplets (P,h,r), (d,h,r) and (R,h,r) and describe some parts of the boundaries of the diagrams of the triplets (w, h, d), (w,h,R), (w,h,P), (w,h, |•|), (R,h,d) and (w,h,r).
Retraction Note: Understanding the essence of immersive marketing for educational services and knowledge transfer
Authors: Artyukhova Nadiia , Artyukhov Artem , Rehak Robert , Lyeonov Serhiy
Published: February 2024

The authors have expressed the wish to retract this article on the grounds that the list of references is incorrect.

The Publisher and Editor(s) approved to the retraction.
Beyond green borders: an innovative model for sustainable transportation in supply chains
Authors: Sifaoui Thiziri , Aïder Méziane
Published: February 2024

Modern requirements necessitate the establishment of sustainable transportation systems, considering the substantial growth in transportation activities over recent years, which is expected to continue. Companies are facing the challenge of modeling their system transport to align with green principles. Sustainable transport relied on involving diverse stakeholders, particularly scientific research, in the development of this field. In light of this, maintaining sustainable transport quality involves conducting thorough investigations into an innovative study focusing on an uncertain interval programming model for a multi-stage, multi-objective, multi-product transportation challenge within budget constraints and safety measures in a green supply chain. Human languages often contain imperfect or unknown information, inherently lacking certainty; achieving precision in describing existing states or future outcomes is frequently unattainable. In probability theory, sufficient historical information is crucial for estimating probability distributions; while in fuzzy theory, determining a reliable membership function proves challenging; hence, there is often a hesitant estimation of the degree of belief in the occurrence of each condition. Addressing such uncertainties, the theory of uncertain intervals proves highly valuable. Given these considerations, the elements of the specified problem are recognized as uncertain intervals. To manage this lack of assurance, a fusion of interval theory and methods from uncertain programming is used to formulate two distinct models: an expected value model and a chance-constrained model. The equivalent deterministic models are then formulated and solved utilizing Weighted Sum Method, fuzzy programming, and goal programming. Following this, a numerical example is utilized to assess the model’s performance, and the results obtained are compared. Finally, the document concludes with a sensitivity analysis and outlines future directions.
Eisenhaushalt: Labordiagnostik in der Hebammenpraxis
Authors: Hoßfeld Christine
Published: February 2024

Die Entnahme des Hb-Wertes in der Schwangerschaft ist im Mutterpass dokumentiert
und in den Mutterschaftsrichtlinien definiert [1]. Dass dieser jedoch keine
zufriedenstellende Aussage über die Eisenversorgung der betreuten Frau
geben kann, ist vielen Hebammen und Gynäkolog*innen nicht
bekannt. Wie auch? Weder Hebammen noch Frauenärzt*innen sind
Fachpersonen für die Blutgesundheit. Dafür gibt es die
Hämatolog*innen, an die frau sich im Fall der Fälle auch
wenden könnte. Doch für diese Konsultation ist die Schwelle
meist zu hoch und der Mangel nicht eklatant genug. Diese diagnostische
Lücke können Hebammen füllen. Sie dürfen
Blutentnahmen, die der Gesundherhaltung der Frau dienen, arztunabhängig
durchführen und abrechnen [12]. Was dabei zu beachten ist, vermittelt
dieser Artikel.
The Cost of Developing and Implementing an Antepartum Referral Program for Penicillin Allergy Evaluation at a Single Academic Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Burn Martina S. , Xu Xiao , Kwah Jason , Liao Jane , Son Moeun
Published: February 2024

Objective Approximately 10% of pregnant individuals report a penicillin allergy, yet most are not truly allergic. Allergy verification during pregnancy is safe and recommended; however, many hospitals lack the infrastructure to execute testing. Our aim was to evaluate the cost of developing and implementing a penicillin allergy referral program for pregnant individuals at an academic institution and to compare costs of care between patients who were referred and not referred through the program.

Study Design We conducted an economic analysis of our institution's antepartum penicillin allergy referral program. We prospectively collected detailed resource utilization data and conducted the analysis from the program's perspective, accounting for costs related to program development, allergy verification, antibiotic cost, and delivery hospitalization. Costs were compared between patients who were referred for evaluation versus patients who were not referred using bivariate tests as well as quantile regression adjusting for baseline differences. A sensitivity analysis was performed for allergy testing cost. All cost estimates were inflation adjusted to 2021 U.S. dollars.

Results The startup cost of program development and educational initiatives was $19,920, or 86 per patient. The median allergy evaluation cost was $397 (interquartile range: $303–663). There was no significant difference in maternal (median: $13,579 vs. 13,999, p = 0.94) or neonatal (median: $3,565 vs. 3,577, p = 0.55) delivery hospitalization cost or antibiotic cost (median: $1.57 vs. 3.87, p = 0.10) between referred and nonreferred patients. Overall, the total cost per person did not differ significantly between study groups (median: $18,931 vs. 18,314, p = 0.69).

Conclusion The cost of developing a penicillin allergy referral program in pregnancy was modest and did not significantly alter short-term cost of care with potential for long-term cost benefit. Verification of a reported penicillin allergy is an integral part of antibiotic stewardship, and the pregnancy period should be utilized as an important opportunity to perform this evaluation.

Key Points
Organic Photoredox Carbonylation of Arenediazonium under Mild Conditions
Authors: Jacobi von Wangelin Axel , Stuhr Robin
Published: February 2024

The modular synthesis of diverse carbonyl compounds is at the heart of organic synthesis. An optimized protocol for photoredox carbonylation was developed that operates under milder conditions with mesitylacridinium as a photocatalyst. Arenediazonium salts were converted into benzoates (with alcohols), benzoic acids (with water), benzamides (with amines), and chlorides (with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) at 20 bar CO and 20 °C.