bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IN SITU AND EX SITU FOLIAR RESPONSE REACTIONS OF SPONTANEOUS AND CULTIVATED TAXA OF THE GENUS TAXUS L.
Authors:   „Alexandru Ioan Cuza", FRUNZETE Mădălina-Elena ,   University, Faculty of Biology, Iasi, Romania, IVĂNESCU Lăcrămioara Carmen , RODIDEAL Tatiana , OLARU Ștefan Mihăiță , ZAMFIRACHE Maria Magdalena
Published: August 2023

Photosynthesis, the process by which green plants synthesize carbohydrates from the carbon dioxide available in the environment using light energy as a fixed energy source with the help of photoassimilate pigments, underlies all food chains in nature. The good functioning of plants (in this paper, spontaneous and cultivated taxa of the genus Taxus L.) in their vegetation areas is influenced, at the same time, by the level of their relationship with the environment regarding water exchange, as a vital factor for the existence of the vegetation cover on Earth. As a result, the basic physiological processes (photosynthesis, transpiration) depend to a large extent on the anatomical and micro-morphological characteristics of their leaf apparatus, on certain internal factors relating to the leaf surface, and on a series of external factors, which manifest themselves in the environment of the taxa concerned, to which they have developed specific morpho-structural and functional adaptations.
Production of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) From Rubber Seed (Hevea brasiliensis) Shells
Authors:   1Department of Chemistry, Dennis Osadebay University, Anwai, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria, Onojake Lawson , Apuyor Kingsley E. , Apuyor Stanley E. ,   Department of Industrial Chemistry, Dennis Osadebay University, Anwai, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria 3Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
Published: August 2023

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a cellulose derivative utilized as a thickener in food processing, as well as in non-food items including paints and detergents. In this study, CMC was produced from cellulose which was obtained from rubber seed shells (RSS). The CMC was produced from cellulose by mercerization with 30% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and etherified using monochloroacetic acid. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the CMC produced therein. The amount of cellulose extracted from RSS was 55.15 %. The broad spectrum of the FTIR indicated the presence of hydroxyl, ether and carboxyl functional groups at 3442.00 cm-1, 1420 cm-1, and 1625 cm-1 respectively. These results showed favourable comparisons with the commercial CMC, which demonstrates that RSS is a promising raw material for the manufacture of CMC.
Evaluation of the Liver Function and Haematological Parameters of Wistar Rats Fed with Casein Protein
Authors:   Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, Aikpitanyi-Iduitua R.O. , Eiya B.O.
Published: August 2023

Casein is the major protein found in bovine milk. Universally used in human nutrition for all ages and in the dairy industry, milk is regarded as whole food which provides high quality protein and indispensable micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals. The evaluation of the liver function test and haematological parameters of rats fed with casein protein was carried out. Graded levels of casein protein were incorporated into the diets of experimental rats at 20%, 30% and 50% concentrations. At the end of twenty-eight days, blood samples were collected and analyzed for liver function and haematological parameters. Statistically significant increases were observed in lactate dehydrogenase, gamma glutamyl transferase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase activity levels when compared with the control. Also the granulocytes and platelets counts were significantly reduced. Consistent consumption of high concentrations of casein proteins may elevate liver enzyme activities and attenuate some haematological parameters.
Assessment of Prolonged Administration of SynriamTM on Haematological Parameters and Lipid Profiles of Rats
Authors:   University of Ilorin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Ilorin, Nigeria, Nwikwe David Chukwuma , Balogun Elizabeth Abidemi ,   Crown-Hill University Eiyenkorin, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry Unit), Ilorin, Nigeria
Published: August 2023

A potential antimalarial prospect should have high efficacy with low toxicity. SynriamTM antimalarial drug has been proven to be safe and effective for the treatment of malaria in human with dearth information on rats. This study investigated its potential toxicity from prolonged administration on lipid profiles and haematological indices in rats. Thirty-five Wistar rats were randomized into five groups (A – E) of seven rats each. Animals in group A (control) received 0.5 mL distilled water, while groups B, C, D, and E respectively received 4.0, 8.0, 16.0 and 32.0 mg/kg bwt of the drug once daily for 28 days. The concentrations of serum TC, LDL and atherogenic index showed significant (p<0.05) decrease, while serum TRIG, HDL, and VLDL concentrations had no effect (p>0.05). The drug also had no effect (p>0.05) on the levels of the red blood cell count, PCV, Hb, MCV, MCH, and MCHC. Similarly, it had no effect (p>0.05) on the levels of the WBC, lymphocytes and neutrocytes, while the platelet counts had slight (p<0.05) decrease. Hence, SynriamTM is relatively safe at doses of 4.0-32.0 mg/kg bwt in rats when taken once daily with minimal effects on the lipid profiles and haematological indices.
Evaluation of the Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and the Staining Property of Cnestis ferruginea Ethanoic Fruit Extract
Authors: Olise Nkechi Augustina , Enweani-Nwokelo Ifeoma Bessie
Published: August 2023

Plants contain variety of bioactive compounds known to have chemotherapeutic value some of these plants also have dyes. Against the background, this study is aimed at determining the nutritional composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant and staining properties of Cnestis ferrugenea fruit. Plant fruits were collected and processed using soxhlet extraction technique. Phytochemical analysis was determined using standard laboratory method. Phenolic content estimation of plant fruits was determined using folin-ciocalteu (F.C) method. Antioxidant was estimated using 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) . Cnetis ferrugenea fruit extract had anti-fungi activity but low antibacterial activity. Phytochemical analysis of plant fruit shows the presence of alkaloid, saponin, tannin, flavonoid and cardiac- glysoside. Nutritional compositions are total ash, moisture, crude fibre, lipid, carbohydrate and protein. MIC of fruit extract is 6.25 and has IC50 value 15966.02 with pH of 4.6. Cnetis ferruginea ethanoic fruit extract stained fungal isolates but didn’t stain bacteria isolate. Studied fruit extract is a good source of carbohydrate, crude fibre and moisture content, it has antioxidant, antifungal and staining properties but low antibacterial properties. Free radicals are central cause of disease, knowledge of antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of plants extract will help pharmaceutical company formulate products that will combat the menace of free radicals. Some medicinal plants possess natural dyes.
Effect of Honey, Palm Oil and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth of Oyster Mushrooms Cultivated on Sawdust
Authors:   African Centre for Mushroom Research and Technology Innovations, University of Benin, P.M.B 1154, Benin City, Nigeria, Dania Akande Theophilus , Okhouya john Aroye ,   2Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin, P.M.B 1154, Benin City, Nigeria
Published: August 2023

The study was carried out to determine the effect of honey, palm oil and NPK fertilizer on the growth of Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quel. and Pleurotus ostreatus (Jack.) Kumm. on Celtis zenkeri Engl. sawdust. Composted sawdust was supplemented with honey, palm oil and NPK fertilizer at 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% on the dry weight basis and inoculated with 5% spawn. The substrate amended with 4% palm oil was fully colonized by Pleurotus ostreatus and P. pulmonarius after 26.0±2.1 and 32.2±1.3 days, respectively. The mushroom took shorter time (43 days) for primordial emergence at 6% palm oil. Average of 55 fruitbodies of P. ostreatus was harvested from 4% palm oil supplemented sawdust. The best mushroom yield was recorded from 8% palm oil (278.5 ±5.0 g) and 8% honey (270.1±2.7 g). The highest biological efficiency was observed at 8 % palm oil (77.36±1.5 %) and 8 % honey (75.03±2.5 %) for P. ostreatus. The two mushrooms species performed significantly (p=0.05) with palm oil and honey supplementation. The best performance was observed at 6% and 8% supplementation with palm oil and honey. The research has shown that supplementation of sawdust substrate with honey and palm oil at 4 - 8% can be a good formulation for commercial cultivation of oyster mushrooms.
Antimalarial Activity of Extracts and Partially Purified Fractions of Alstonia boonei De Wild
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Uadia Patrick Ojeifo , Orumwensodia Kissinger ObaogiE
Published: August 2023

Alstonia boonei De wild is famed for several bioactive properties; this study measures its in vivo antimalarial potentials as well as phytochemical, nutritional and antioxidant properties. Variants of its stem bark extract were screened for phytochemical, nutritional and antioxidant properties using established procedures. In vivo antimalarial properties of extracts and fractions were determined against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infection in mice using chemo-suppressive, prophylactic, curative and mean survival time (MST) bioassays. Alkaloids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, tannins, flavonoids and phenolics were present in almost all extracts. The plant contained nitrogen free extract (NFE), crude fat, crude protein, moisture, crude ash and crude fibre in reasonable amounts. Extracts demonstrated antioxidant activity against DPPH and ferrous ion radicals. The aqueous and ethanol extracts were more active, decreased parasitaemia and increased MST relative to infected untreated control in the chemo-suppressive and prophylactic bioassays. Solvent-solvent partitioning of the hydro-ethanol extract yielded petroleum ether, dichloromethane-DCM, basified-DCM (BDCM), acidified-DCM (ADCM) and aqueous fractions. BDCM had the highest suppressive activity (70.91% suppression; MST: 16.50 ± 1.19), while the crude extract had the highest prophylactic (64.51% suppression; MST: 16.00 ± 1.22) and curative activities (69.80% suppression; MST: 16.80 ± 0.58). Alstonia boonei De wild possesses antimalarial properties likely associated with its phyto-nutritional composition.
The impact of environmental factors on bovine respiratory disease complex in dairy calves - a review
Authors: Sáfár János , Hejel Péter , Vass-Bognár Barbara , Kiss László , Seregi Bernadett , Könyves László
Published: August 2023

Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is a multifactorial disease in which, in addition to infectious agents and the individual resistance of animals, technological, management and climatic factors also play a role. Outdoor rearing in small groups has many advantages in terms of BRDC prevention. Continuous real-time monitoring of environmental factors, such as the temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, bioaerosols and harmful gases can also help to prevent damage by BRDC. Low temperatures in combination with elevated relative humidity and windspeed can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Among noxious gases, ammonia may be of the greatest importance for respiratory diseases, as it directly damages the respiratory tract, leaving room and opening gate for pathogenic and opportunistic microbes. Bioaerosols of livestock buildings consist of feed, manure, organic matter from animals (e.g., epithelial cells, hair, urine, faeces), microorganisms, and toxins. Due to their size, particulate matter (PM) particles (PM10 and PM2.5) have important health effects, leading to severe respiratory and systemic diseases. Particulate matter formation and concentration depend on the housing and feeding conditions, species housed, stocking density, animal activity and environmental factors, but also on the sampling periods within a day. High temperature, low humidity, air movement (especially drafts), and increased activity of animals also cause the manure to dry, leading to dust formation and particles becoming airborne. With increased environmental control, the effects of the climatic factors on the calves health can be more easily identified, measures can be taken to reduce them, thus the occurrence and damage of possible diseases (mainly respiratory, BRDC) can be decreased.
Atypical myopathy in a horse: first confirmed case in Slovakia
Authors: Pettenello Martina , Čriepoková Zuzana , Rovňanová Natalia , Kostolániová Veronika , Valocký Igor , Hura Vladimír
Published: August 2023

Atypical myopathy is an acute and often fatal rhabdomyolysis occurring in grazing horses, caused by ingestion of hypoglycin A, a toxin detected in the seeds and seedlings of sycamore trees. This article describes a case of atypical myopathy in a two-year-old Haflinger colt with clinical signs of weakness, muscle tremors, recumbency and esophageal obstruction. Despite intensive care, the clinical status deteriorated and given the poor prognosis, the horse was euthanized. Diagnosis of atypical myopathy was confirmed by increased concentrations of hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropyl acetic acid (MCPA)-carnitine in the serum. Atypical myopathy has been recognized in many European countries. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first confirmed case reported in Slovakia.
The correlation between the intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, and signalment of the horse
Authors: Zisopoulou Aikaterini M. , Vyhnalová Natália , Jánová Eva , Kološ Filip , Krisová Šárka
Published: August 2023

The impact of central corneal thickness (CCT) on intraocular pressure (IOP) has been demonstrated in humans and various animal species but not yet in horses. The current study investigated the relationship between IOP and CCT in horses of different ages, sex, breed, and body weights using tonometry and pachymetry. Ninety-seven horses without ocular disease were examined at the Equine Clinic of the University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic, between 2019 and 2020. A complete ophthalmological examination was performed, including direct ophthalmoscopy and slit-lamp biomicroscopy, to include only horses with healthy eyes in the study. The central corneal thickness was measured with a pachymeter, and the IOP was measured with a tonometer. The effects of sex, age, breed, and horse weight on IOP and CCT were analysed. Measurements of IOP and CCT were acquired in all 97 horses. There was a significant correlation between CCT and age and weight in both eyes. Older and heavier individuals had high CCT values. Mares had lower IOP mean values compared to geldings and stallions. No correlation was found between IOP and CCT of the same eye. This study confirmed a relationship between individual variables such as age and weight on CCT, and sex on IOP. Based on this report, CCT should be considered a minor indicator when interpreting IOP values in healthy horses. Nevertheless, age and weight are essential constraints when interpreting CCT values and sex on IOP values in horses.
LEGAL SUPPORT FOR THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN OPERATIONAL INVESTIGATIVE ACTIVITIES
Authors: KONDRAShEChKIN Roman
Published: August 2023

The article examines the current problems of the theory and law enforcement practice of the ORD, concerning artificial intelligence technologies in operational investigative activities. The author analyzes the regulatory legal acts regulating the use of artificial intelligence technologies, suggests measures aimed at improving operational investigative legislation. The main conclusions of the study are the need to supplement the Federal Law «On Operational Investigative Activities» with a conceptual apparatus related to the use of artificial intelligence technologies in operational investigative activities
FORMATION OF NATIONAL CRIMINOLOGY (TO THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE INSTITUTE OF LEGISLATION AND COMPARATIVE LAW)
Authors: Truntsevskiy Yuriy , Shmonin Andrey
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the study: is to characterize the role of the Institute in the development of the national science of criminology, in laying the foundations for the organization and institutionalization of foren-sic research.

Methods and objects of research: the methodological basis is presented by the dialectical method of scientific cognition. In the course of the research, private scientific methods of cognition and his-toricism were used. Thus, when presenting empirical material, formulating the results and conclu-sions of the study, methods of formal logic were used.

Main results and conclusions based on the results of the study: based on the study of archival documents, many of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, the role of the Institute in the development of the national science of criminology, in laying the foundations for the organization and institutionalization of forensic research was characterized.
CRIMINOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PERSONALITY OF THE CRIMINAL, FRAUDING WHEN RECEIVING PAYMENTS
Authors: Milyakina Elena
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The article aims to characterize the identity of a fraudster with payments. To achieve this goal, a list of tasks has been formulated, for the solution of which the identity of a fraudster with payments has been studied by statistical and logical analysis of information grouped by demograph-ic, socio-economic and moral-behavioral criteria. Based on the results obtained and taking into ac-count the studies previously conducted by the author, conclusions and suggestions on the use of the identity characteristics of a fraudster with payments for law enforcement purposes are formulated.

Methods. Methods of systematization and analysis, statistical research, content analysis of publi-cations on similar topics were used. The logical method is applied in order to formulate conclusions.

Results. Demographic, socio-economic, moral and behavioral criteria of the identity of a fraudster with payments are investigated. The features, differences from the identity of financial fraudsters are highlighted.

Discussion and conclusion. It is concluded that it is advisable to use the characteristics of the identity of a fraudster with payments to develop preventive measures. The directions of using the characteristics of the identity of a fraudster with payments in law enforcement are proposed.
AREAS OF APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Skvorcov Egor , Yalunina Ekaterina , Skvorcova Ekaterina
Published: August 2023

The relevance of introducing artificial intelligence (AI) systems in agriculture is explained by the need to automate the processes of agricultural production, the shortage of personnel, and the need to increase the competitiveness of production. The purpose of the study is to determine the main areas of application of these artificial intelligence systems in agriculture. The main areas of application of the systems are: crop yield forecasting, irrigation optimization, livestock production optimization, monitoring of plant and animal diseases, optimization of the engine life of tractors, combines and other agricultural machines. The main problems in using AI systems in agriculture are the need for a large amount of data to train these systems, the need to improve the skills of workers and adapt production processes to the implementation of these systems.
SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF POTATO AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN THE COUNTRY
Authors: Yakunina Zoya
Published: August 2023

The territorial-sectoral division of labor in the agro-industrial complex and agriculture, in particu-lar, consists in the features that are unique to them, the patterns of development and placement of sub-sectors, the dependence on changes in the economic conditions of production, the level of state support for production processes. The list of factors influencing the territorial and sectoral division of labor includes natural conditions, zoning of production, the level of food consumption by region and its structure. The spatial organization of agriculture also depends on the distance over which food is transported, that is, from places of production to places of consumption. These factors have a direct impact on the formation of zones of specialization of certain types of agricultural products. When developing specialized zones, one should take into account the existing placement, the level of specialization and concentration of production, positive and negative indicators characterizing the territorial organization of the functioning of the industry and the production of certain types of agricultural products. An important indicator in the formation and development of specialized production zones is the country's need for a specific type of domestic food products. Changes in the spatial organization of the country's agriculture should be carried out taking into account the development of interregional exchange, payment demand, the situation in the internal and external markets for food and agro-industrial complex products, and possible changes in the regional spe-cialization of agricultural production. It should be noted that the advantage of the rational spatial organization of agriculture is still insufficiently used in the country. In some farms, it is spontane-ous and uncontrollable. At present, the importance of spatial development is increasing, since it is the least expensive and most accessible factor in increasing the production of competitive prod-ucts. Improving the spatial development of the production of potatoes and vegetables makes it pos-sible to ensure their rational management in each region of the country, to reduce the total costs of production and transportation of products.
The effect of job satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation on the turnover intention of contract workers dr Fauziah Bireuen Hospital
Authors: Hanum Wulan Farida , Khairawati Khairawati , Marbawi Marbawi , Azhar Azhar
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of job satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation on the turnover intention of contract workers at dr Fauziah Bireuen Hospital. This study used primary data by distributing questionnaires to 100 contract workers using the Census sample method. Methods of data analysis in this study using multiple linear regression analysis. The results partially show that job satisfaction negatively and significantly affects turnover intention, intrinsic motivation negatively and significantly affects turnover intention, and extrinsic motivation negatively and significantly affects turnover intention. Simultaneously, job satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation positively and significantly affect the turnover intention of contract workers at dr Fauziah Bireuen Hospital.
BRI and Latin America: Analysis of Political, Economic, and Cultural Development in the period 2013–2022
Authors: Gaviria-Ochoa Lady , Zapata Vélez José Fernando , Zur Linden Sophia
Published: August 2023

In 2018, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) officially started to be part of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This may not only influence the countries that are economically part of the project but also the political and cultural areas, due to the exchanges that are meant to achieve the initiative’s goals. BRI also connects to current and potential trade and the way such relations could contribute to the incorporation of LAC into the initiative. This paper aims to analyze the influence that the Belt and Road Initiative has had on the political, economic, and cultural development of Latin America from 2013 to 2022. To do so, this paper will first identify the diplomatic relations between Latin America and China and their contribution to the evolution of BRI in the region. Subsequently, it will characterize the development of the Sino-Latin American trade relations and how they have been influenced by the region’s incorporation into the project. Finally, it will describe the cultural interactions between China and Latin America and the way that they represent a benefit or challenge for the optimal performance of BRI in the region. The research used a qualitative method, with a descriptive scope and inductive logic. Moreover, the instrument of the collection is the reading card, and the instrument of analysis is the documentary analysis. Results show that BRI has brought China and Latin America closer, encouraging the participation of the Asian country in more and more projects that have been developed in the country, nonetheless, it has contributed to the widening of the economic gap in Latin America due to the asymmetric relation. Undoubtedly, the Sino-LAC relation continues to strengthen the political and cultural scenarios, bringing the two distant geographic spaces closer.
Vietnam’s Response to a Call for a Renewable Energy Revolution in the Context of Trade Integration: What Could be Learnt from the EU?
Authors: Nguyen Thi Kim Cuc
Published: August 2023

The use of renewable energy, for many economies around the world, is considered a key pillar in creating the foundation to pave the way to green growth and sustainable economic development, to adapt to climate change. Not only has it been affirmed recently during regional and global meetings, but renewable energy development continues to be one of the main concerns reflected in many free trade agreements, typically European Union–Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA) concluded by the EU with Vietnam. Under this agreement, member states, including Vietnam, are required to reduce their traditional coal-fired power plants in favor of cleaner or renewable energy sources. This study aims to examine the implementation of the commitment to use renewable energy as the preferred alternative in EVFTA under the principle of pacta sunt servanda and the government’s responsibility to comply with international treaties. Accordingly, it is necessary to implement suitable solutions to fulfil the mentioned commitment properly as a state member. By using the analysis and synthesis method, this article focuses on studying the provisions of the EVFTA, current Vietnamese law, the EU’s policies, and regulations, as well as the laws of some EU countries on renewable energy development. This study, by using a comparative method, indicates compatibility between the EU’s policies and regulations and the laws of some EU countries. Similarly, it compares and evaluates relevant mechanisms and policies between Vietnamese law and the laws of some EU countries. As a result, some recommendations are proposed to improve the effective implementation in encouraging the growth of renewable energy in Vietnam, towards building a green and environmentally friendly economy.
Comparative Advantage and Policy Analysis of Pakistan’s Rice (Paddy) Sector
Authors: Zia Reema
Published: August 2023

The study applied the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) approach to examine the comparative advantage of Pakistan’s rice (paddy) sector and to assess the role of government policies in the production and trade of Basmati and IRRI (International Rice Research Institute introduced variety) rice for the harvesting years 2013–2014 and 2017–2018. From the outcomes it was clear that production of Basmati paddy in Pakistan and Punjab was profitable for export purpose, which was confirmed by the Social Benefit Cost (SBC) and Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) analyses. While the DRC and SBC ratio of IRRI paddy for Pakistan and Punjab depicted a comparative disadvantage of these regions in IRRI production, whereas only Sindh showed a comparative advantage in IRRI production in 2017–2018. It was evident from the Nominal Protection Coefficient (NPC) and Effective Protection Coefficient (EPC) outcomes, that Basmati production was being taxed in the year 2017–2018, while IRRI production was supported in the country in both harvesting years. From the Net Private Profitability (NPP) and Net Social Profitability (NSP) outcomes, the fact was further strengthened that Punjab has a comparative advantage only in Basmati production, while IRRI paddy should only be produced in Sindh for export purposes. The study suggests that the comparative advantage of Basmati and IRRI paddy can be enhanced by augmenting yield and export parity prices, while production of IRRI paddy in Punjab should be discouraged and resources should be reallocated in the next efficient enterprises. Moreover, the public and private sectors should work together to minimize the major costs, especially the costs of fertilizers and pesticides.
KOMPOSIT PLASTIK SEBAGAI BAHAN ALTERNATIF KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN
Authors: Syafril Mayu Dinata  , Iskandar Budhi Hascaryo , Syamani Firda Aulya , Fuad  , Novita Yopi
Published: August 2023

Armada kapal penangkapan ikan saat ini masih didominasi oleh kapal tradisional. Kapal ikan tradisional pada umumnya terbuat dari bahan kayu. Menimbang dari kondisi alam Indonesia yang sebagian besar adalah perairan laut, maka aktivitas penangkapan ikan sangat tinggi. Kebutuhan akan kapal penangkapan ikan yang meningkat turut meningkatkan permintaan kayu. Pada proses pembuatan kapal penangkap ikan tradisional, nelayan menghadapi berbagai permasalahan, di antaranya harga kayu cukup mahal karena ketersediaannya menurun. Kualitas kayu yang menurun juga mempengaruhi ketahanan dan keawetan kapal berbahan kayu. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sebuah bahan pengganti yang digunakan dalam pembuatan kapal penangkap ikan tradisional, agar kualitas kapal yang dibuat memiliki mutu baik dan nelayan mendapatkan hasil tangkapan yang berlimpah ketika melaut. Bahan alternatif pengganti kayu, dapat berupa bahan yang mengandung lignoselulosa, yang kemudian dikombinasikan dengan bahan plastik untuk mendapatkan material dengan sifat yang lebih baik. Studi pustaka ini membahas bahan alternatif pembuatan kapal ikan yang memungkinkan sebagai pengganti kayu, yang berupa komposit dari bahan plastik dan bahan yang mengandung lignoselulosa, terutama komposit polipropilena dengan pengisi jerami padi atau serat kelapa.

Kata kunci:  jerami padi, kapal penangkap ikan, komposit lignoselulosa-plastik, polipropilena, serat kelapa
Influence of flyash on soil properties, nutrient uptake and yield of rice in Inceptisol Alluvium
Authors:   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry , Agricultual College and Research Institute,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, M BASKAR , G SELVAKUMARI ,   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry , Agricultual College and Research Institute,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

Field experiment was conducted at Lower Bhavani Project (LBP) area to study the effect of application of flyash in combination with fertilizer, organic manures and biofertiliser (Azospirillum) on soil properties and yield of rice. The flyash contains a wide range of nutrients (P, K, Fe, B, Si, Ca, Mg and S) and traces of heavy metals. The results of the experiment revealed that application of flyash @ 20 and 40 t ha significantly increased the grain yield of rice crop to the tune of 5.6 and 12.5 t ha', respectively. Application of NPK fertilisers as per STCR technology through fertilisers, fertilizer + compost and fertilizer + compost +Azospirillum recorded an yield increase of 3.12, 3.53 and 3.56 t ha' respectively over the treatments without any fertilizer addition. The highest yield of 7.26 t ha' was recorded in the treatment which received flyash @ 40 t ha' along with fertilizer; compost and fertilizer. The significant increase in the nutrient uptake of rice indicated that flyash could serve as source of plant nutrients. The results of the post harvest soil analysis indicated that application NPK ferilisers significantly increased the available NPK status of the soil, while application of flyash significantly increased the available P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Si and B content of the soil. The effect of flyash was more pronounced when applied along with fertilisers and organic manures.
Conversion of Industrial solid wastes to value added products by Filamentous Bacteria
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultual College and Research Institute, Madurai 625 104, S KARTHIKEYAN , K RAMASAMY ,   Director, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Tamil Nadu Agrl,University Coimbatore 641003, J PRABAKARAN ,   Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultual College and Research Institute, Madurai 625 104
Published: August 2023

Lignin biodegradation by Streptomyces is remarkable than basidiomycetes ligninolysis by the fact that degradation of lignin by Streptomyces results in the formation of value added intermediaries and products like APPL, low molecular weight phenols, humic like polycondensates. In the present investigation, composting of industrial wastes by Streptomyces showed that the pH of final compost was near neutral and a gain in all major plant nutrients, secondary nutrients as well as micronutrients was evident. The wide initial C/N ratio was radically reduced to around 20 per cent indicating good decomposition. Humic acid content was also substantially higher. Analysis of the water extract of compost sample showed that the compost had low AA ratio indicating the formation of a high molecular weight humic fraction. Polymerization studies with laccase on humic acid fraction of the compost, elucidated that a high molecular weight compound was formed as a product of lignin degradation.
THE USES OF FUNGI.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, T.S RAMAKRISHNAN
Published: August 2023

Fungi are primitive plants devoid of the green colour (chlorophyll) and hence dependent for the supply of their organic food substances on dead or live animals and plants. To a layman the name fungus conjures up the vision of an unwanted organism capable of doing harm only and causing enormous economic loss. Its loathsome presence is felt all round us. In the field it is responsible for a variety of diseases in a number of economic plants either bringing about their destruction or resulting in much reduced yields. In homes it thrives in the preserved food materials and stored food grains, fruits and pickles and causes them to rot or turn 'mouldy' and become unfit for consumption. Leather goods such as shoes and suitcases and even clothing form favourable media for the growth of moulds during humid or rainy weather and if the articles are not carefully attended to every now and then, they perish quickly.
On Silage Making
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, A.K ANNASWAMI
Published: August 2023

Silage making is the art of preserving green fodder in a succulent state for a considerable length of time. It is usually a provision against green-fodder scarcity during summer. During the hot weather in parts where irrigation facilities are not on hand to enable fodder crops like cholam, maize, etc., to be grown owing to the absence of wells or water in tanks, the only way in which a farmer can manage to feed his stock with succulent material is by having recourse to silage.
Sugarcane Cultivation. In the Northern taluks of Ganjam District.
Authors:   In The Northen Taluks of Ganjam District, M GOPAL RAO
Published: August 2023

The cultivation of this important, indus- trial crop is done in small and scattered areas in the district. Condi- tions in the Northern Taluks seem to favour more extensive and concentrated cropping. A copious supply of sub-soil moisture, plen- tiful rainfall from June to December and well drained loamy soils of a good depth help good growth, while the sugar factory at Aska creates a good demand for the raw material. However, in recent years, owing to the rise in prices, and the heavy cost of cultiva- tion, want of cheap credit, risky nature of cultivation, the area under sugar-cane has been on the decline. A deficient supply of water under the Rushikulya system, due to the uncertain pre- monsoon showers, and absence of a good number of wells in the cane growing areas, are responsible for the restricted cane area. The extent of cane cultivated by each ryot varies from one bharanam to four bharanams (one bharanam=20 cents)
OUR PRESENT POSITION IN SOUTH INDIA WITH REGARD TO THE CONTROL OF PADDY PESTS
Authors:   Government Entomologist Coimbatore, Y RAO SAHIB , RAO RAMACHANDRA ,   Government Entomologist Coimbatore
Published: August 2023

My predecessors in this short symposium have dealt with Paddy from the aspect of cultivation, breeding and nurture res- ectively. Paddy, as a living organism, is subject to the influences of its environment. Consequently it is liable to the attacks of erbivorous animals including insects and to infection by parasitic fungi. The losses sustained on the aggregate by the paddy crop, from insect pests and fungus diseases, are enormous and unless the crop can be protected from these injurious organisms, the work of improvement effected by the Breeder, the Agriculturist and the Chemist is liable to be greatly wasted or at least very nuch handicapped. It is the function of the Entomologist and the Mycologist to do what they can, to protect the crop from them and minimise the damage.
Co-operative Organisation in Ireland.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, . SAADAT-ULLA-KHAN
Published: August 2023

The Co-operative movement in Ireland has attracted the attention of the whole world. It is a practical attempt to deal with some of the more fundamental Irish problems. It is primarily concerned with the economic welfare of the country.
Botany of some useful plants-III.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, S.N CHANDRASEKHAR , T.S RAMAKRISHNAN ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu
Published: August 2023

The cowpea (Tam. Karamani or Payaru) is an indigenous plant and has been under enltivation from remote times in most parts of India. It is grown either alone as a subordinate crop-as a second crop in rice fields or more often as a mixed crop along with millets. Bunds round paddy fields are sometimes sown with cowpea. Many varieties are present differing in their habits, in the colour of flowers or in the size and colour of pods and seeds. The seeds are generally sown with the rains in July and the pods are gathered from October to December.
The importance of Silage for Cattle in South Kanara.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, S KRISHNA NAYAK
Published: August 2023

On the West Coast cattle are small, stunted and unfit for road-work. A cow on an average gives less than 2 lb. milk per day and thousands of cattle are purchased from theneighbouring provinces every year.
Indian Hides and Skins
Authors:   Principal,Leather Trade Institute Madras, A CAPTAIN GUTHRIE
Published: August 2023

One of the most noticeable features of modern industria development is the great care that is taken to place valuable by products on the market to the best advantage of the manufacturer In India one very valuable by-product of agriculture that the agriculturalist as a rule takes no interest in is the hides and skin: of animals that have died from disease or accident.
Mungari Cotton Strain 274
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, K.L RAMAKRISNA RAO
Published: August 2023

Introduction-Mungari cottons form a part of cottons generally known as Westerns" which is a trade term applied to cottons grown in Bellary District and adjacent Gooty taluk of Anantapur District and Pattikonda taluk of Kurnool District. This cotton, though graded as second class cotton due to shortness of its staple and uncertainty in yield owing to any precariousness of the season, is of no little importance to cotton market as it covers a huge area of nearly 1,150,000 acres. It is grown both on black and red soils, major portion however, being grown on black and loamy soils. It consists mainly of Gossypium Herbaceum but there are traces of Indicums and Neglectums, the latter have, however, spread in recent years with giant strides forming nearly 50 per cent of the bulk crop on red soils. They were first intro- duced in Adoni somewhere about 1900 but their extensive adoption dates from about 1916-17 and from this date these types were a serious rival to local cottons on red and mixed soils. Further, due to their heavy outturn they gain high commendations from the ryots whose main craving is quantity and not quality. In addition to this they are grown with less rainfall and also on lighter soils than the variety of Gossypium Herbaceums formerly grown.
Modern Implements in Indian Agriculture.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, A.K SUBRAMANIA AYYAR
Published: August 2023

That India is preponderantly an agricultural country is the alpha of India economics. This simple truth has been so much emphasised in all text books and class rooms that it has almost become an article of faith. When it is remembered that till recently the controversy raged over the fitness of India for further agricultural advance her potentialities in that direction may be considered to have a peculiar significance. She has always occu- pied an important position in the markets of the world. But when at the present day, the economic solidarity of the world's markets. is a settled fact, the development of India's agricultural possibilities becomes a matter of the widest international interest. It is vital not only to her own financial position and economic welfare of her people but to the continuance of the general economic struc- ture of the world's supply of food and clothing. Nowhere in the world is the landed proprietor or cultivator noted for his readiness to move on new lines, and the conservatism of the Indian ryot is proverbial. He has been content to run in a groove as old as his ancient land.
Isolamento e identificação de bactérias no intestino de tambaquis saudáveis para seleção de potenciais probióticos
Authors: Paz Deborah Jacob Freire da , Cunha Larissa Salgado da , Tavares Guilherme Campos , Gimbo Rodrigo Yukihiro
Published: August 2023

O uso de probióticos é uma das alternativas para prevenir surtos bacterianos nas pisciculturas. O tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) é um dos peixes de maior importância para a Amazônia e para o Brasil, estudos com probióticos nesta espécie são importantes para melhor compreensão científica da espécie, portanto, o presente trabalho propõe isolar e identificar bactérias do intestino de tambaquis saudáveis, além de identificar as cepas que possuam características favoráveis para futuros testes in vivo. Dez juvenis de tambaqui foram eutanasiados em benzocaína (400 mg/L), para a retirada do intestino. O conteúdo intestinal foi homogeneizado em solução salina, diluído de forma seriada e incubado no caldo Brain Heart Infusion (BHI). As unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC) foram repicadas e classificadas quanto à coloração Gram, teste de hemólise, catalase e oxidase, além da identificação à nível de espécie através de análise de espectrometria de massas. As cepas autóctones foram escolhidas por atender tais critérios e pelo fato de que os produtos comerciais existentes, são provenientes de isolados bacterianos de outras espécies de animais. Neste estudo foram isoladas 16 cepas, sendo 14 com potencial patogênico e apenas duas apresentaram resultado negativo para o teste de hemólise. Somente as espécies Citrobacter freundi e Clostridium buthirycum, ambos bacilos, apresentaram essas características de interesse, sendo selecionadas para testes futuros in vivo em larvas e juvenis de tambaqui.
Principais parasitoses diagnosticas em tambaquis (Colossoma macropomum) cultivados no interior do estado de Rondônia
Authors: Adriano Ana Carolina Anchieta , Mira Átila Bezerra De , Oliveira Sara Preato de , Barbosa Kelly Cristina de Araújo , Pinheiro Maria Mirtes de Lima , Pedroti Vinícius Perez , Santos Bruna Lucieny Temponi , Dantas Filho Jerônimo Vieira , Schons Sandro de Vargas
Published: August 2023

O estado de Rondônia é o maior produto de tambaquis (Colossoma macropomum) do Brasil. No país a maior causa de prejuízos da piscicultura são os parasitos. Dentre os endoparasitos e ectoparasitas, os Neoechinorhyncus buttnerae do filo Acantocephala (Acantocéfalos), Piscinoodinium pillulare (protozoário mastigóforo) e Perulernaea gamitanae (crustáceo), que, apesar de sua importância, pouco têm sido estudados no estado de Rondônia. O presente estudo tem como intuito determinar as incidências parasitológicas e gerar informações para medidas preventivas. Essa pesquisa foi desenvolvida nas microrregiões Vale do Jamari e a Centro leste do estado de Rondônia, em 35 pisciculturas, onde foram utilizados três tambaquis de viveiros distintos. Através da na análise externa iniciou as coletas das amostras, posteriormente realizou necropsias e com secção de áreas afetadas, coletas de órgãos e secreção. Nas análises histológicas foram observados parasitas em brânquias, musculatura e muco. Com os dados coletados, evidenciou que casos de surtos de Piscinoodinium pillulare e esse proporcionou graves consequências como perda de peso e lesões que dificultam comercialização. Enquanto, identificou que os casos de Perulernaea gamitanae causaram redução no ganho de peso, sem agravantes nas condições. Constatou-se que uma piscicultura pode ser acometida por mais de uma parasitose, e isso determinou graves infecções nos tambaquis de Rondônia.
Como descartar os medicamentos?
Authors: Damasceno Aldaiano Bernarde , Duarte Carlos Emanoel Bentes , Santos Julian Mendonça dos , Melo Karen Alessandra Melo de , Silva Karen Sabrina Carmo , Santos Maria Isabelle Radja Silva dos , Farias Maria Rosangela de Alcantara , Santos Marília Robertina Pimentel , Barroso Patrícia Cerqueira de Sousa , Sá Tatiana Santos , Lisbôa João David Batista , Gomes Ilvia Silva , Reis Elaine Cristiny Evangelista do
Published: August 2023

O descarte inadequado de medicamentos é a ação de "jogar" medicamentos, em desuso ou vencidos, em espaços inapropriados, como lixo doméstico. Um hábito recorrente que, pela falta de informação, torna-se um risco ao meio ambiente e à saúde humana, pela contaminação do solo e da água.
O material tem como objetivo fornecer informações, para a população em geral, sobre o destino que deve ser dado as "sobras" de medicamentos, embalagens e aos medicamentos vencidos. Foi estruturado por discentes dos cursos de Bacharelado Interdisciplinar em Saúde (BIS) e Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), através da orientação de docentes da instituição.
Direito Tributário e suas repercussões socioeconômicas, v.2
Authors: Basso Ana Paula
Published: August 2023

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