bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Association of Transients to their Hosts (PATH)
Authors: Aggarwal Kshitij , Budavári Tamás , Deller Adam T. , Eftekhari Tarraneh , James Clancy W. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Tendulkar Shriharsh P.
Published: April 2021

We introduce a new method to estimate the probability that an extragalactic transient source is associated with a candidate host galaxy. This approach relies solely on simple observables: sky coordinates and their uncertainties, galaxy fluxes, and angular sizes. The formalism invokes Bayes’ rule to calculate the posterior probability

from the galaxy prior P(O), observables x, and an assumed model for the true distribution of transients in/around their host galaxies. Using simulated transients placed in the well-studied Cosmic Evolution Survey field, we consider several agnostic and physically motivated priors and offset distributions to explore the method sensitivity. We then apply the methodology to the set of 13 fast radio bursts (FRBs) localized with an uncertainty of several arcseconds. Our methodology finds nine of these are securely associated to a single host galaxy,

. We examine the observed and intrinsic properties of these secure FRB hosts, recovering distributions similar to those found in previous works. Furthermore, we find a strong correlation between the apparent magnitude of the securely identified host galaxies and the estimated cosmic dispersion measures of the corresponding FRBs, which results from the Macquart relation. Future work with FRBs will leverage this relation and other measures from the secure hosts as priors for future associations. The methodology is generic to transient type, localization error, and image quality. We encourage its application to other transients where host galaxy associations are critical to the science, e.g., gravitational wave events, gamma-ray bursts, and supernovae. We have encoded the technique in Python on GitHub: https://github.com/FRBs/astropath.
The Diverse Morphology, Stellar Population, and Black Hole Scaling Relations of the Host Galaxies of Nearby Quasars
Authors: Zhao Yulin , Ho Luis C. , Shangguan Jinyi , Kim Minjin , Zhao Dongyao , Gao Hua
Published: April 2021

We present rest-frame B and I imaging of 35 low-redshift (

) Palomar–Green quasars using the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3. We perform multicomponent two-dimensional image decomposition to separate the host galaxy from its bright active nucleus, characterize its morphology, and measure its photometric properties. Special care is devoted to quantifying the structural parameters of the galaxy bulge, determining its B − I color, and estimating its stellar mass. Roughly half of the sample, comprising the less luminous (

) but most high Eddington ratio quasars, reside in disk galaxies that are often barred and possess pseudo bulges. The large stellar masses, large effective radii, and faint surface brightnesses suggest that the host galaxies of the most luminous quasars are mostly ellipticals. Major mergers constitute only a small percentage (≲20%) of our sample. Our quasar sample roughly obeys the scaling relations between black hole mass and host galaxy (bulge, core, total) stellar mass. Hosts with black holes more massive than

behave similarly to classical bulges and early-type galaxies, while those with less massive black holes, particularly the narrow-line Seyfert 1s, are consistent with pseudo bulges in late-type galaxies. The host galaxy bulges, irrespective of whether they are classical or pseudo, follow a relatively tight inverse relation between the effective radius and the mean effective surface brightness of inactive classical bulges and ellipticals. We argue that pseudo bulges experience recent or ongoing nuclear star formation.
Effects of the antinociceptive dipeptide L-tyrosine-L-arginine (kyotorphin) on the motivation, anxiety, and memory in rats
Authors: Angelova Hristina , Krumova Ekaterina , Dzhambazova Elena , Pechlivanova Daniela
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The endogenous dipeptide L-tyrosine-L-arginine (kyotorphin, KTP) is found in brain structures related to the processing of information for nociception, the control of emotions, and memory formation. Besides the antinociceptive effect of KTP, it has a mild protective activity against the deleterious influence of the brain hypoperfusion and streptozotocin on the behavior and memory. 

Aim: We aimed to study the effects of the intracerebroventricular injection of effective antinociceptive doses of KTP on the motivational behavior, memory, and blood and hippocampal levels of the carbonylated proteins in healthy male adult Wistar rats.

Materials and methods: We used a paw-pressure test for assessment of acute nociception, an open field test for assessment of exploration and habituation to a new environment, elevated plus maze test for the evaluation of anxiety-like behavior, and novel object recognition test for working memory. Carbonylated protein assay was used for the assessment of the oxidative impairment of the proteins. The results were analyzed by ANOVA.

Results: The present data showed that all single doses of KTP exerted an antinociceptive effect, but this effect was not observed after chronic administration. Only the highest dose of 100 µg was able to induce anxiolytic and motor inhibiting effects. None of the doses used showed effects on the recognition memory or the level of the carbonylated protein. 

Conclusion: Our results showed that KTP exerted its antinociceptive effect without affecting negatively the blood and brain carbonylated protein or basic behavioral parameters related to the exploration, motivation, and memory formation in healthy rats.
The postoperative redox status of patients with diabetes mellitus: a mini review
Authors: Karampelias Vasileios , Spanidis Ypatios , Kehagias Ioannis , Chrysikos Dimosthenis
Published: April 2021

The human organism is exposed to variable endogenous and exogenous factors that result in the induction of free radicals. Surgeries are associated with increased inflammation and production of free radicals through various mechanisms, including ischemia, hemolysis, or endogenous antioxidant depletion. Importantly, a more oxidized redox status could lead to the condition known as “oxidative stress,” which is related to alterations in insulin signaling and may lead to insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. Therefore, patients with diabetes who undergo surgery could be more vulnerable compared with healthy individuals. Thus, this review focuses on the currently available literature regarding the link between the redox status and diabetes complications after surgery and the methods used to assess the redox status of patients, which is the first step to designing an appropriate treatment strategy. To this end, we queried PubMed for novel works published up to May 2020.
Integrating continental mainland and islands in temperate East Asia: liverworts and hornworts of the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Choi Seung Se , Bakalin Vadim , Park Seung Jin
Published: April 2021

The liverwort and hornwort flora of the Korean Peninsula possesses some unique traits arising from the geographic position of the Peninsula, where the mainland flora meets insular flora. This flora is still not exhaustively studied, due not only to political reasons, but also because much less attention has been paid than to adjacent lands by hepaticologists. A checklist presented is based on a study of ca. 15,500 specimens collected by the authors and a review of relevant literature. This study provides the checklist of liverworts and hornworts known from Korea and the geographical distribution of each species within the peninsula. The liverworts and hornworts in Korean flora include 346 taxa (326 species, 16 subspecies and four varieties) in 112 genera and 50 families. Since 2007, 75 taxa of liverworts and four taxa of hornworts are reported as new to the Korean Peninsula, with a number of the new records arising following application of new taxonomic concepts that have become apparent over the last few decades. While compiling the checklist, 42 species, previously reported to Korea, are excluded from the Korean liverwort flora.
Les Permanences d’accès aux soins de santé (PASS) : des sentinelles du système de santé
Authors: Quesemand Zucca Sylvie , Georges-Tarragano Claire
Published: April 2021

À partir d’une expérience de soin intégrant les dimensions somatiques, psychiques et sociales en pass auprès de personnes migrantes, les auteurs interrogent ce que le soin aux marges pourrait apporter comme enseignement, en sortant d’un système gestionnaire et en réapprenant un travail collectif au plus près des patients, avec des soignants motivés et heureux. La collaboration pluriprofessionnelle a permis de répondre de façon réactive à une crise sans précédent, menaçant d’effondrement le système hospitalier. S’appuyer sur le modèle d’organisation des pass pourrait éviter une « crise chronique » du système de santé.
Chaïm Soutine et une peinture du cri
Authors: Cassata Rafaella
Published: April 2021

Chaïm Soutine demeure l’un des peintres les plus énigmatiques de l’École dite juive de Paris. Les historiens de l’art découpent son œuvre dérangeante et sauvage en deux parties. Lui la place sous l’égide d’un temps non anecdotique d’abattage rituel qui fait office de scène originaire ainsi que sous le diktat d’un cri inachevé qui colonise sa gorge et y entretient un noyau de jouissance. L’auteur fera ici l’hypothèse que la peinture de ses fameuses carcasses de bœuf et leur crucifixion aux quatre coins de la toile réaliseront la scène fantasmatique et ouvriront une ère nouvelle pour cette peinture finalement libérée de la présence omnipotente du cri.
Noms communs de personne et adjectifs : quelles différences ?
Authors: Elmiger Daniel
Published: April 2021

Les noms communs de personnes (ou noms d’humains), c’est-à-dire les désignations nominales référant à un être humain, présentent plusieurs points de ressemblance avec les adjectifs, que ce soit du point de vue morphologique, lexical, sémantique ou syntaxique. Les cas de passages d’une catégorie à l’autre, que ce soit sous forme d’adjectivation entrainant un changement catégoriel permanent, ou d’adjectivité ad hoc , sont fréquents. Sur la base d’un corpus de plus de 60 000 noms communs de personne et d’un dictionnaire de fréquence (réunissant un million de mots-formes), les différences et ressemblances entre noms communs de personne et adjectifs sont étudiées à propos des formes en - iste .
L’ adjectivité des épithètes antéposées sale et foutu
Authors: Yamamoto Daichi
Published: April 2021

Le français dispose d’adjectifs dits « affectifs », tels que foutu , satané , maudit , sale , pauvre , malheureux … en position d’épithète antéposée au nom. Ils sont souvent considérés comme atypiques dans la catégorie adjectivale, puisqu’ils ont des propriétés syntaxiques particulières. Notre étude de cas sur sale et foutu se propose de mettre en évidence la différence existant parmi eux au niveau de leur caractère adjectival. À travers l’application des critères d’adjectivité aux deux adjectifs et un examen de leur affectivité, nous montrons que sale se comporte plus comme adjectif que foutu , dans sa fonction qualificative, mais aussi dans son usage affectif.
Establishing a Nursing Journal Club for Professional Education and Certification
Authors: Kranstuber Susan S Meeks
Published: April 2021

This article focuses on the concept of a Nursing Journal Club as a means of maintaining professional education and obtaining new skills. It also reports the successful steps toward certification of such a program. Although the concept of a journal club is not new to nursing, the idea of accreditation or formal recognition (i.e., certification) for such activity is.
Methods of Teaching - Revisited Experiential Diaries and Learning Logs
Authors: Cooper Signe S
Published: April 2021

This is the twenty-sixth in a series of articles on methods of teaching. Readers ere encouraged to share their experiences with teaching methods not included in this series.
LIVING HISTORY SERIES: Jeanette G. Chamberlain
Authors: Chamberlain Jeanette
Published: April 2021

Jeanette Chamberlain is Chief of the Psychiatric Nursing Education Branch of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and a wellknown figure in continuing nursing education.
Outcomes Evaluation: Continuing Education in Rheumatology for Nurses
Authors: Sakalys Jurate , Carter Michael
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This program evaluation reports the effects of a week long nursing education program to improve professional nurses' (N = 96) abilities to assess and manage clients with rheumatological disorders. The program was conducted over a three year period. Participant achievement of program objectives was measured at two time points: immediately after program conclusion and again 3-6 months after program completion. Data collection instruments included a written knowledge test, patient record audits, and a semi-structured interview. Data analysis revealed positive program effects as demonstrated by: (1) statistically significant knowledge test score increments that persisted after program completion; and (2) self-report indicating clinical utilization of content and skills acquired in the program. Educational measurement issues relevant to evaluation of other professional continuing education programs also are discussed.
Developing Case Managers for Chronically III Children: Florida's Registered Nurse Specialist Program
Authors: Urbano Mary Theresa , vonWindeguth Barbara , Siderits Phyllis , Parker Jayne , Studenic-Lewis Cynthia
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This article describes the Florida Health and Rehabilitative Services/Children's Medical Services Nurse Specialist Program. This program is a statewide training and service delivery system designed to prepare selected nurses to provide comprehensive, family-centered case management services to children with special health care needs, within the home and community settings.
Collaborative Model for Continuing Education for Home Health Nurses
Authors: Moore Patricia , Pace Karen Beckman , Rapacz Katharine
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Nursing is at the heart of home care; therefore, the profession of nursing must ensure the availability of qualified nurses to provide and manage care in the growing and increasingly complex home care market. In response to this need, the College of Nursing, Arizona State University, developed a CE program for nurse clinicians and managers in home care. This article describes the development, implementation, and outcomes of a project that linked service agencies with education in this collaborative endeavor.
Statewide Collaborative Planning: Benefits and Challenges
Authors: Collins Janet , Brown Wilma , St John Marilyn
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This article shares some of the past and present collaborative experiences of Kentucky providers in statewide planning for nursing continuing education (CE). Some of the ingredients for successful statewide planning, as well as the barriers, will be discussed.
Teaching Basic Ethical Concepts and Decision-Making: A Staff Development Application
Authors: O'Neil J Anne
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Academic nursing programs are increasing the amount of ethical instruction presented to undergraduate and graduate students. However, nurses who graduated several years ago may find themselves without the background and skills needed to discuss the complex bioethical dilemmas they now face. This article presents the development of a continuing education program to acquaint nurses with basic ethical concepts and bioethical decision-making processes. Presentations were piloted with a small group of nurses from the outpatient department of a pediatric tertiary care hospital.
Creating Bicultural Experiences in Nursing
Authors: Hezekiah Jocelyn
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This article describes the process (activities) involved in helping Registered Nurse students from Pakistan in an international health project adjust to Canadian culture and readjust to their home culture. The process, involving both structured and informal activities in Pakistan and in Canada, was designed to assist the students in adapting to both the foreign and home cultures. These processes included both human and material resources. Predeparture and reentry workshops, support systems in the form of Karachi-based faculty advisers, and intensive orientation programs were identified as important factors in the project students' adjustment.
Meeting the Continuing Education Needs of Pediatric Nurses: The Pediatric Nurse Exchange Program
Authors: Cedagren Deanna , Dull Susan , Rodrigues-Fisher Lorraine , Hoffman Marjorie N , Morris Edith
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Today's dynamic health care environment offers multiple challenges as hospitals attempt to design and implement successful nursing career plans and support the development of professional nurses along such plans. The Pediatric Nurse Exchange Program is designed as a means for personal and professional development to support professional nurses as they are challenged to provide quality nursing care to children and their families. A pilot project is designed to provide experiences for professional nurses in three children's hospitals in Ohio. Exchange experiences, of two to five days in length, provide opportunities for nurses to share expertise, exchange patient care strategies, and develop skills as consultants, change agents, educators, and communicators. Nurse participants in the program are awarded continuing education contact hours for the experience.
Ethical Decision-Making in Nursing: Implications for Continuing Education
Authors: Smith Katharine Vogel
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Staff nurses make ethical decisions daily. It is important that nurses know how to manage those decisions appropriately so that clients' ethical rights are honored without compromising the nurse's own moral conscience. In this phenomenological study, 19 staff nurses described their experiences in making ethical decisions in their practices. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Giorgi's phenom enological steps. The description of the nurses' experiences identified two distinct components of the ethical decision-making process: deliberation and integration. The findings suggest that nurses need to: a) recognize the ethical nature of their work, b) discern which ethical decisions are theirs to make, and c) acknowledge their authority to make ethical decisions in their practices. These findings have important implications for the continuing education of nurses regarding ethical decision-making.
Factors Associated with a Perceived Harmful Outcome from Medication Errors: A Pilot Study
Authors: Wolf Zane Robinson , McGoldrick Terry B , Flynn Elaine R , Warwick Frances
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this pilot study was: 1) to describe factors associated with a perceived harmful outcome following medication errors made by nurses and 2) to refine the Medication Error Risk Profile (MERP) (Wolf, 1992). Ninety-four registered nurses and licensed practical nurses completed the MERP. Multiple stepwise regression analyses were used to explain the variance in the dependent variable of perceived patient harm with: 1) phases of preparation and administration; 2) categories of person responsible for the error; 3) interventions needed following the error and symptoms related to the error. The exploratory regression analysis suggests a model in which the dispensing phase of administration, the physician and pharmacist categories of persons responsible for the error, and the interventions of patient transfer to another unit and additional medications given following the error explain 53% of the variance in perceived harmful outcome for patients consequent to medication errors. A moderately strong correlation (r=.46, P<.001) existed between perceived patient harm as measured on the four-point scale and total intervention score following medication errors.
Nonpharmacologic Interventions to Manage Children's Pain: Immediate and Short-Term Effects of a Continuing Education Program
Authors: Pederson Carol
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

A two-group pretest, posttest design was used to test the effects of a two-hour educational program about using five nonpharmacologic pain management techniques with children on nurses' knowledge of, comfort with, attitude toward, and use of the discussed techniques. Five pediatric patient care units were randomly assigned to a treatment or control group. Pretest responses from 54 nurses indicated that attitude was the only significant determinant of their intention to guide children's imagery. A subset of 35 nurses actually attended the program and completed posttest responses. On posttest, the treatment group reported significantly greater knowledge of and comfort with using the techniques. Comparison of pretest with posttest responses across both groups indicated a significant increase in knowledge of and comfort with using nonpharmacologic techniques. Two months after the program, 24 nurses from both groups reported increased use of the techniques in practice compared with prior to the program.
The Case Against Mandatory Continuing Education
Authors: Hewlett Peggy O'Neill , Eichelberger Lisa Wright
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Requiring continuing education (CE) for RN relicensure began in the 1970s and has remained a controversial issue over the past 25 years. This article is a description of the process used by nurses in one state to investigate the complex issues surrounding mandatory continuing education for relicensure and the factors that led state nursing leaders to support the continuation of a voluntary CE system. Included are the findings of a survey of all states currently requiring continuing education for relicensure. The primary reason given for mandating CE was to protect the public, however, no data are available to support this premise.
Planning Continuing Nursing Education: An Interview with Ronald M. Cervero
Authors: Waddell Donna L
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This article reports an interview with Ronald M. Cervero, scholar in the field of continuing professional education and co-author with Arthur L. Wilson of Planning Responsibly for Adult Education: A Guide for Negotiating Power and Interests (1994). The substance of the interview elucidates the role of the manager of the continuing nursing educational experience. He discusses the concepts of negotiation, power, interests, and responsibility and how they impact the planning of continuing nursing education.
21 Predictions for the Future of Hospital Staff Development
Authors: Nowicki Cynthia R
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

No one knows for sure how the future will look. However, there is no better time than today to begin envisioning and creating our preferred future. This article discusses several factors that will impact the future of nursing staff development. Twenty-one predictions are offered that include: change, restructuring, teamwork, leadership development, paradigms, support networks, staff development roles, learning, value of life experiences, patient education, cultural diversity, and technology. Strategies for educators to position themselves for the future are suggested. The future is ours to create. The intent of this manuscript is to challenge staff development educators to create visions and develop strategies to construct the preferred future of their roles and the nursing staff development function.
Computer-Assisted Instruction for Home Study: A New Venture for Continuing Education Programs in Nursing
Authors: Neafsey Patricia J
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Background: Advanced practice nurses (APNs) tested a 5-contact hour home-study computer assisted instructional (CAI) program in pharmacokinetics developed by the author.

Method: Twenty-seven APNs enrolled in a traditional lecture continuing education course in pharmacology participated in the study. The APNs were given a knowledge test and self-efficacy questionnaire before using the CAI program and again at the completion of program use.

Results: Significant gains in knowledge and self-efficacy with large effect sizes were achieved by the program users. They cited the convenience, organization and simplicity of use, graphic animations, and interactive question sequences as advantages of the program.

Conclusion: Home study by computer may be a feasible option to printed home-study and lecture-based continuing education programs in nursing.
Application of the Critical Pathway and Integrated Case Teaching Method to Nursing Orientation
Authors: Goodman Deborah
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Background: Nursing staff development programs must be responsive to current changes in healthcare. New nursing staff must be prepared to manage continuous change and to function competently in clinical practice.

Method: The orientation pathway, based on a case management model, is used as a structure for the orientation phase of staff development. The integrated case is incorporated as a teaching strategy in orientation. The integrated case method is based on discussion and analysis of patient situations with emphasis on role modeling and integration of theory and skill.

Results: The orientation pathway and integrated case teaching method provide a useful framework for orientation of new staff. Educators, preceptors and orientees find the structure provided by the orientation pathway very useful.

Conclusion: Orientation that is developed, implemented and evaluated based on a case management model with the use of an orientation pathway and incorporation of an integrated case teaching method provides a standardized structure for orientation of new staff. This approach is designed for the adult learner, promotes conceptual reasoning, and encourages the social and contextual basis for continued learning.
Bathroom Blitz It!
Authors: Simmons Pamela B , Launius Beatrice
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Background: Staff development specialists are always looking for new and better ways to get the JCAHO message to their organization's staff.

Method: The staff development department used a novel method, the Bathroom Blitz, to educate captive audiences, one-person-at-a-time, thereby using the common situation in an uncommon way.

Results: Twelve hundred employees had the opportunity to regularly become informed of JCAHO topics without having to leave the unit.

Conclusion: The Bathroom Blitz approach was an effective tool for educating staff in preparation for the many "mock surveys" conducted prior to Joint Commission and the actual onsite JCAHO visit.
Nursing Education and Nursing Research Utilization: Is There a Connection in Clinical Settings?
Authors: Brown Diane Storer
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

According to a survey of 753 nurses in Northern California, nurses with higher levels of education are more involved in research utilization and research activities. The data support the American Nurses' Association model of progressive involvement in research utilization and research conduct. Recommendations to improve research utilization in clinical and academic settings are provided.
Understanding and Applying the Magic of Brain Science
Authors: Jones-Schenk Jan
Published: April 2021

In his recent work
Brain Rules
, Dr. John Medina offers 12 rules or perspectives on not only how the brain works but how these inner workings can inform learning and help to better understand human behavior. The section on vision challenges some long-standing education methods, including the PowerPoint presentation.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(4):163–164.]
Reasoning Patterns in Suicide Notes
Authors: Shneidman Edwin S
Published: April 2021

III: Logical and Cognitive Aspects of Suicide
Self-Mutilation and Suicide
Authors: Shneidman Edwin S
Published: April 2021

IV: Clinical Correlates of Suicide
The Role of Occupational Therapy Within an Acute Mental Health Setting: A Naturalistic Cohort Study
Authors: Skaltsi Polixeni , Konstantinou Gerasimos , Papagathangelou Mariza , Angelopoulos Elias , Papageorgiou Charalabos C.
Published: April 2021

Occupational therapy is an essential component of psychiatric treatment. The purpose of this naturalistic cohort study is to evaluate the impact of a structured occupational therapy program in an acute mental health setting (AMHS) on psychiatric inpatients' function and occupational performance. The participants (
N
= 397) attended the structured occupational therapy program during their hospitalization in an AMHS. Function and occupational performance were evaluated with the Occupational Abilities and Performance Scale. The results indicate a positive therapeutic role in the structured occupational therapy program. An interesting finding is related to the adequate duration of patient participation needed to improve their function and occupational performance. The inclusion of structured, purposeful, and comprehensive occupational therapy programs of adequate duration in the daily routine of an AMHS could be a valuable therapeutic component of the treatment armamentarium, as it may enhance patients' occupational performance, social functioning, and well-being.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2021;51(3):131–139.]
Potential Therapeutic Possibility of Oxytocin for Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Vancova Zuzana
Published: April 2021

Many symptoms of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) involve deficits in socioemotional functioning, such as hypersensitivity for social threats and reduced trust. Standard psychopharmacological medications regarding treatment of this usually chronic disorder have only limited benefit. During recent years, scientists have developed interest in oxytocin, generally known as prosocial hormone, as a possible modulator of socio-emotional functions in BPD. Many patients with BPD report experiences of adversity early in life, and insecure attachment is a common finding in these patients. These factors may have lasting effects on the brain, including the oxytocin system. BPD may be strongly related to dysregulations in the oxytocin system, and oxytocin may have the potency to pharmacologically ameliorate symptomatology of BPD. This article reviews the most salient information available about oxytocin in relation to pathophysiology and potential treatment of BPD.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2021;51(3):141–146.]
THE EARLY TREATMENT OF TALIPES EQUINOVARUS WITH ADHESIVE TAPING
Authors: McGillicuddy Denis M , Jones Eric T , Hensinger Robert N
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Adhesive taping provides an effective form of early treatment of talipes equinovarus. This paper describes the technique of taping in detail. Its main advantage over rigid immobilization is that continuous stretching can be carried out during the newborn period. The basic principles of early diagnosis and treatment do not vary from other treatment programs. However, taping and continuous stretching (followed as needed by cast and surgical treatment) may offer some advantages.
SURGICAL STABILIZATION OF SPINE FRACTURES: A COMMUNITY EXPERIENCE
Authors: Bradley Gary W , King Howard A , Dunn Harold K
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Posterior stabilization of thoracolumbar spine fractures has been shown to be safe and effective when performed by surgeons versed in the technique devised by Harrington. In this study, 25 patients are reviewed whose spine fractures were operatively treated in a general orthopedic community. Although the overall results and rate of complications and failures have not been found to be significantly greater than those previously reported, a large number of deviations from standard operative technique have been identified (56%). These technical faults are related to the clinical complications and failures.
LEGAL LIABILITY AND ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
Authors: Wagner Christian N J
Published: April 2021

The Legal and Engineering Interfaces of Orthopedic Surgery
PAGETOID SARCOMAS: A CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF TEN CASES TREATED AT HENRY FORD HOSPITAL
Authors: Wu Kent K , Guise Edwin R
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The ten cases of Pagetoid sarcoma we studied included nine osteogenic sarcomas and one fibrosarcoma. Predominantly affected were the long tubular bones of older female patients. Pain and swelling were the most common chief complaints. Hyperphosphatasemia was invariably present. Early diagnosis and amputation combined with long-term systemic chemotherapy appear to be the treatment of choice. All ten patients died within 15 months after the appearance of this fatal disease.
RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY OF THE THUMB IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Brumfield Robert H , Conaty J Pierce
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: This article presents recommendations for reconstructive thumb surgery based on results obtained by team evaluation of 79 patients who had 186 thumb operations performed by the Arthritis Service at Rancho Los Amigos Hospital from January 1, 1962 through December 31, 1976. The operations included: 11 synovectomies and reconstructions, with synovitis recurring in two; 10 metacarpophalangeal silastic arthroplasties, with no infections or breakage; 11 carpometacarpal silastic arthroplasties, with dislocation in two and superficial infection in one; and 154 arthrodeses, with 139 fusions. If there is inadequate response to nonoperative treatment, and no significant joint changes or instability, we recommend soft tissue surgery. For the boutonniere deformity, we recommend an Inglis or Nalebuff procedure. For the flexible swan neck deformity we recommend a capsulodesis and/or percutaneous pinning. An adduction contracture can be treated with tenotomy and/or arthrodesis. If there is instability and/or roentgenographic changes, we recommend a silastic arthroplasty in the carpometacarpal joint and an arthrodesis in the interphalangeal joint. We also prefer an arthrodesis (15° flexion, 15° internal rotation) in the metacarpophalangeal joint unless there is no carpometacarpal motion, when we recommend a silastic arthroplasty. All involved thumb joints should be operated on at the same time. The Kirschner wires used in arthrodeses should be left buried for 10-12 weeks, as it can be difficult to determine fusion clinically and radiographically.
OCHRONOTIC ARTHROPATHY AND LYSOSOMES: A CLINICAL AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY
Authors: Seradge Houshang , Kopta Joseph A , Pitha Jan
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: In order to understand better the time dependency of the arthritic manifestations of ochronosis, as well as its relationship with lysosomal activities, we sampled a small series of various arthropathies (11 joints). The joint fluid, serum, and urine lysosomal activity levels were measured. The lysosomal enzyme level was elevated in patients with acutely symptomatic, chronically involved ochronotic joints. The enzyme activity level in the other joints (chronically involved) was less. Postulated clinical manifestations of increased levels of intraarticular lysozymes seem to apply to ochronosis as well. Further studies with larger series of patients are warranted.
BIOPSY OF MUSCULOSKELETAL LESIONS
Authors: Springfield Dempsey S , Goodman Mark A
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Biopsy of the lesion should be the final step in evaluating a patient who has a musculoskeletal tumor, and the surgeon should be prepared at the time of biopsy to perform more extensive surgery if necessary. This article states the rationale behind a pre-biopsy evaluation system and discusses various biopsy techniques.
Pathology, Clinic, and Treatment of Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Authors: Soren Arnold , Fetto Joseph F
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Osgood-Schlatter disease is a disorder of enchondral ossification, and should be differentiated from heterotopic ossification in the patellar ligament. The symptoms and functional impairment arising in the former condition require treatment. Whereas many orthopedic surgeons feel that Osgood-Schlatter disease can be treated by conservative methods, others point out that surgical treatment is needed in some cases, and therefore have recommended rather extensive operative procedures. A survey of 142 patients, all initially treated by various conservative modalities, was carried out. Whereas 116 patients became thus symptom-free and regained normal function, 26 patients retained essential impairment in the use of the leg and needed surgical treatment. This operation consisted of excision of a portion of the surface of the tibial tuberosity, and multiple perforation by a thin drill point. Complete ossification of the tibial tuberosity and fusion with the tibial metaphysis was the outcome, followed by return of normal function of the leg. On the other hand, nine of the 116 conservatively treated patients returned several years later complaining of a protruding knob below the knee cap, persistent swelling in this area, and frequent soreness on kneeling or forceful use of the knee joint.
Posttraumatic Lower Extremity Reconstruction by Vascularized Bone Graft Transfer
Authors: Wood Michael B , Cooney William P , Irons George B
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Fourteen cases of vascularized bone transfer in the lower extremity for reconstruction of extensive bony defects are reviewed. Followup ranges from nine to 62 months. Donor sites include iliac crest in ten cases, fibula in two cases, rib in one case, and radius-ulna in one case. The indication for the procedure was reconstruction of an extensive bony defect after osteomyelitis in seven cases, acute trauma in five cases, chronic nonunion in one case, and a composite physis reconstruction in one case. In 13 (93%) of the 14 cases, success was ultimately achieved; however, six cases required a second operation. We conclude that this procedure is very valuable in the management of extensive bony defects of the limbs, but in approximately half the cases further surgery or complication can be anticipated.
An Improved Ankle-Foot Orthosis for Correction of Equinus
Authors: Pinzur Michael S , Gavin Thomas
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The ankle-foot orthosis is commonly used In treating gait disorders caused by foot and ankle deformities. The authors discuss considerations in prescribing this orthosis, with special attention to each of its components. An improved composite orthosis, which is lightweight and offers better correction of equinus, is described.
Reduction Versus Vascularity: An Operative Dilemma Posed by a Difficult Reduction of a Femoral Neck Fracture
Authors: Hofmann Aaron , Wyatt Ronald
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Achieving an acceptable reduction following a femoral neck fracture is often a difficult task. When reduction cannot be achieved by conventional methods, the orthopedic surgeon often accepts lessthan-adequate reduction or opts for prosthetic replacement. Reported is a case of a femoral neck fracture that was openly reduced by transection of the ligamentum teres and reduction of the free femoral head, followed by a Judet muscle-pedicle-bone graft. The importance of adequate fracture reduction and providing vascular supply to the femoral head, as they relate to the complication of avascular necrosis and nonunion, are discussed.
Compartmental Syndrome of the Forearm: Report of an Unusual Case
Authors: Pollock Michael S , Morris Stephen B , Sadeghpour Eghtedar
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Compartmental syndrome of the forearm is a well-recognized complication of upper extremity injuries. An unusual case of the syndrome is presented, which developed after a "sprained" wrist. The etiology of the syndrome in this case was possibly tearing of anterior compartment muscle fibers when the wrist was forcibly extended in the fall, or a reflex sympathetic arc set up by the wrist trauma.
The Use of Closed Circuit Television in Arthroscopy
Authors: Schonholtz George J
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The factors involved in successfully employing closed circuit television in arthroscopy are clarified, based on the author's personal experience and a survey of 49 arthroscopic surgeons who routinely employ the technique.
Original Technique for Noninvasive Electric Stimulation Designed for the Hoffmann® Fixator
Authors: Jørgensen T Ejsing
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The standard Hoffmann fixator is ideal for electrical stimulation, using the pins as electrodes and the frame for fixation of the fracture and the stimulator. The main problem in this method of stimulation is the corrosion of the pins, which are made of stainless steel. Through 12 years of clinical research on human fractures, an electronic stimulator has been developed that eliminates the pin corrosion problem. The stimulator delivers an asymmetrical pulsating voltage with voltage- and current limitation, automatic pole reversing, patient control, and a continuous working time of six to nine months.

Animal experiments have shown increased growth of blood vessels in osteotomies and activation of periosteal callus, using this means of stimulation. Experiments in humans have revealed 30% faster healing in fresh lower leg fractures, increasing difference of skin temperature between stimulated and nonstimulated bones, and increased uptake of labeled technetium of the whole bone when stimulated. Encouraging clinical results have been obtained in treatment of slow unions, pseudarthroses, and failed arthrodesis.
External Fixation in Child Traumatology
Authors: Quintin J , Evrard H , Gouat P , Cornil C , Burny F
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The authors present their experience of Hoffmann® external fixation in pediatric traumatology. Fractures of the lower limb are the most frequent (47 tibias, 13 femurs); a few fractures involved the upper extremity. The Hoffmann device constituted the complete treatment, using a light configuration frame in order to obtain elastic fixation and periosteal healing. Pin reactions are more frequent where the pin tract penetrates large soft tissue structures, as at the proximal femur. Only one refracture occurred after healing. Transient impairment of range of motion may be expected. Use of the Hoffmann fixator is recommended in children with open fractures or fractures associated with soft tissue lesions, in children with head injury with resultant increased motor tone, and in polytrauma patients to facilitate patient care and transport for reassessment and therapeutic procedures.
Tibial and Femoral Osteotomies in Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Authors: Maquet P
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The role of Steinmann pins and external fixation in osteotomy correcting for varus or valgus deformity of the knee is described. Results in 230 knees followup: one to 14 years) indicate the predominant complication to be an anterior compartment syndrome, which can be avoided by the use of special instruments and suction drainage.
Principles in the Application of the Hoffmann® Apparatus for Complex Injuries of the Upper Extremity
Authors: Lubbers Lawrence M , Lawyer Ruskin B , Coleman Carl R
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Fifteen patients with 13 closed and 13 open fractures in the upper extremity were treated with either the Hoffmann apparatus alone or a combination of internal and external fixation. Two patients required amputation for unreconstructable defects. Two asymptomatic nonunions of the distal ulna and one malunion of the distal radius occurred. There were no cases of osteomyelitis at the fracture sites or pin sites. Successful fracture healing in severe injuries was achieved by closely following the principles of fixation for primary or secondary bone healing, with early bone grafting for any osseous deficit and open wound treatment of contaminated fractures.
Mechanical Testing of the External Fixator by Holographic Interferometry
Authors: Jacquot Pierre , Rastogi Pramod K , Pflug Leopold
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Tests carried out on the Hoffmann- Vidal external fixator by means of holographic interferometry are reported. These tests refer exclusively to the quality of functioning of the joints connecting transfixing pins and side bars. It is a question of 1) evaluating the behavior of the ball joint subjected to realistic loads, 2) verifying the rigidity of a lightened joint bowl as compared to a heavier one, and 3) comparing the respective resistance of two similar joint models to a rotation of the bar around its axis. The main findings are the remarkable elastic behavior of the ball joint, the effectiveness of the lightened bowl, and the fact that two cousin models may behave quite differently with respect to their resistance to axial slipping rotation of the bar. The interferometric technique is thus expected to have further applications in similar evaluations.
TRAUMA
Authors: Zionts Lewis E , Stoltz Melvin R
Published: April 2021

Late Fracture of the Lateral Condyle of the Humerus
ANSWER PLEASE
Authors: Yates Carlan , Yngve David A
Published: April 2021

Jones Fracture
Study of the Mechanical Characteristics of External Fixation Pin Anchorage: Preliminary Results
Authors: Wagenknecht M , Andrianne Y , Burny E , Donkerwolcke M
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: in vitro testing of pins only makes sense if it is carried out on a material that possesses mechanical characteristics coresponding most closely to those of the bone in vivo. Tests have been carried out on different materials, including wood with 3 mm diameter pins, type C38-1 10-20, manufactured by Jaquet Orthopedic SA.

The first step in our investigation was to check the thickness of the material samples tested. The values of the tapping, screwing and shearing torques were measured. For each material, we have calculated the value of the specific screwing torque and the specific shearing torque. There is no significant difference between the values calculated for the tightening and shear specific torques for all the fresh bone samples. For the different types of wood examined, we found an important deviation of torque values, which are much lower than those observed with fresh bone. There exists, therefore, a correlation between the screwing and shearing torques observed and the thickness of the sample. The results obtained certainly allow new types of pins to be developed.
ASIF External Fixation as a Means to Control Fracture Healing by Ring Force Measuring Box
Authors: Müller K H
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The development and clinical application of a force measurement device compatible with the ASIF external fixator are described. Use of the force ring measuring box not only confirms the mechanical stability of external fixation, but also appears useful in postoperative management of compressive forces at the fracture site.
External Fixation of Wrist Fractures
Authors: Schuind F , Donkerwolcke M , Burny F
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: One hundred and twenty-six wrist fractures treated by external fixation were reviewed, with an average followup of six months (range: one to 48 months). Most of the fractures were unstable. A radius-second metacarpal standard half-frame was used in 93.6%. Prolonged capsuloligamentous distraction of the wrist probably provides the best stabilization for comminuted and unstable wrist fractures. The versatility of the Hoffmann® External Fixator allows multiple attempts at reduction, possible secondary resumption of reduction, and release of distraction at the third week. In spite of instability and comminution of the fractures, roentgenographic results were satisfactory in 94.4%. In spite of 10.4% primary skin injury, no case of osteomyelitis was seen.
Breakage of the Metal Tray in Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Mendes David G , Brandon David , Galor Lea , Roffman Moshe
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Breakage of the metal tray of the tibial component for total knee arthroplasty is reported here for the first time. Metallurgic analysis defined the reason for this rare complication.