bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Finanzierung von Rechtsverfolgungskosten für Zivilprozesse
Authors: Weyland Friedrich
Published: March 2024

Rechtsschutz ist nicht kostenlos zu haben. Sowohl die Inanspruchnahme von Gerichten als auch die Vertretung durch einen Rechtsanwalt verursacht Kosten. In der Regel hat die unterliegende Partei diese Kosten nach § 91 Abs. 1 S. 1 ZPO zu tragen. Möchte ein Kläger seine Rechte vor Gericht verfolgen und kann oder will sich er sich Vorschüsse oder im Misserfolgsfall die Kosten des Rechtsstreits aus eigener Tasche nicht leisten, muss er sich mit der Frage auseinandersetzen, ob er sich den Rechtsstreit fremdfinanzieren lassen kann. Früher stand Klägern dafür vor allem die Prozesskostenhilfe, das Darlehen oder die Rechtsschutzversicherung zur Verfügung. Seither hat sich nicht nur die gewerbliche Prozessfinanzierung in Deutschland etabliert, sondern das Legal-Tech-Masseninkasso als neues Rechtsdurchsetzungsmodell hat den Gesetzgeber veranlasst, das Erfolgshonorarverbot weiter zu lockern und im gleichen Atemzug die anwaltliche Prozessfinanzierung als neues Finanzierungsmodell einzuführen. Das Werk geht den Fragen nach, die sich rund um die Finanzierung von Zivilprozessen und damit um die Inanspruchnahme dieser Finanzierungsmodelle stellen. Dabei werden insbesondere die verfassungsrechtlichen Vorgaben, die Voraussetzungen und Wirkungen der Finanzierungsmodelle sowie ihr Verhältnis zueinander, die Erstattung von Finanzierungskosten und Situationen, in denen ein besonderes Bedürfnis nach einer Fremdfinanzierung besteht, untersucht.
Die Verdachtsmeldung als Mittel zur Bekämpfung der Geldwäsche am Beispiel der Kreditinstitute
Authors: Wende Jacob
Published: March 2024

Das Werk beschäftigt sich mit der Verdachtsmeldung im Geldwäschegesetz am Beispiel der Kreditinstitute. Zunächst gibt es einen Überblick der Regelungsmaterie, wobei auf internationale, europäische und nationale Vorgaben der Geldwäschebekämpfung und Terrorismusfinanzierung näher eingegangen wird. Es folgt eine systematische Einordnung des Geldwäschegesetzes sowie eine Hervorhebung der Besonderheiten bei der Auslegung. Sodann werden die Bedeutung und der Ablauf einer Verdachtsmeldung in einem Kreditinstitut beschrieben und der Charakter sowie der Normzweck der Verdachtsmeldung analysiert. Der Hauptteil des Werks untersucht näher die Voraussetzungen der Tatbestandsmerkmale, der Rechtsfolge und weitere Auswirkungen der Verdachtsmeldung und weist auf praktische Probleme hin. Zuletzt werden verfassungsrechtliche Aspekte im Überblick dargestellt, wobei insbesondere auf das Bestimmtheitsproblem der Verdachtsmeldung näher eingegangen wird. In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch Lösungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt.
Mental Health Help-Seeking Attitudes in Kermanshah Older Adults
Authors: Mirzaei-Alavijeh Mehdi , Parsafar Sahar , Moradinazar Mehdi , Jalilian Farzad
Published: March 2024

Background: Mental health help-seeking is the initial step in evaluating one's mental state, receiving an accurate diagnosis and professional intervention for mental health problems. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the mental health help-seeking attitudes of older adults in Kermanshah. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional research study was conducted in 2022 among 538 individuals aged 60 and above who were beneficiaries of the pension funds in Kermanshah, Iran. The samples were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected through interviews with older adults using a standardized questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Results: The mean age of respondents was 66.01 ± 4.09, ranging from 60 to 75 years. About 39% (210 people) of older adults had positive mental health help-seeking attitudes, and 61% (328 people) had negative mental health help-seeking attitudes. The positive mental health help-seeking attitudes were higher in older adults with higher educational levels (P < 0.001) and better economic status (P = 0.029). Conclusions: The majority of the older adults had a negative attitude towards mental health help-seeking, highlighting the importance of interventions to improve elderly attitudes toward mental health help-seeking.
Protective Roles of Melatonin in Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Experimental and Clinical Research
Authors: Davodi-Boroujerdi Ghazal , Khayyat Naghadehi Ayda , Nazari-Serenjeh Farzaneh , Alijanpour Sakineh , Ghasemzadeh Zahra , Rastqar Ali
Published: March 2024

: Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, marked by neuronal loss, synaptic dysfunction, atrophy in various brain regions, cognitive decline, dementia, the production of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, and the presence of neurofibrillary tangles. Melatonin, also known as N-acetyl 5-methoxy tryptamine, is a hormone regulated by circadian rhythms and plays a crucial role in certain neurodegenerative conditions, including AD. In individuals with AD, alterations have been observed in the pineal gland hormone melatonin (MLT), the activity of enzymes associated with MLT synthesis, and the density of MT1 receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The growing body of literature indicates a rising interest in utilizing MLT for AD intervention. Melatonin has shown several potential benefits in AD, such as mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction, reducing Aβ toxicity, scavenging free radicals, and even ameliorating circadian dysregulation, which includes addressing issues like sundowning and sleep disturbances. Recent studies suggest that MLT might serve as a potential biomarker for assessing the severity and progression of AD. This paper aimed to provide an overview of recent research on three key aspects: (1) MLT physiology, (2) the role of MLT in the learning and memory processes, and (3) an exploration of studies investigating the role of MLT in AD.
Tendency to Consume Probiotics in the General Population: An Ecological Study
Authors: Rabiee Mohammadreza , Mousavi Masoumeh Sadat
Published: March 2024

Background: Reports indicate that probiotics have beneficial effects on both the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases. Objectives: This study aims to explore the overall inclination toward probiotic consumption, its trends, and its association with common gastrointestinal diseases. Methods: We conducted an ecological study utilizing Google Trends (GTs) and Global Concern data. We analyzed search terms related to “probiotic," “Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)," “Peptic," “Constipation," “Diarrhea," and “Stomach Cancer (SC)" across all searches performed on GTs from January 2014 to July 2023. Results: Globally and in Iran, there has been an increasing interest in consuming probiotics over time. This increase is linked to a rise in cases of stomach cancer and irritable bowel syndrome, which, in turn, boosts the propensity to utilize probiotics. Globally, there is a direct correlation between probiotic consumption and IBS (R = +0.69, P = 0.0001), peptic disorders (R = +0.71, P = 0.001), Constipation (R = +0.93, P = 0.001), and diarrhea (R = +0.89, P = 0.001). In Iran, significant direct correlations were found between probiotic consumption and both constipation (R = +0.36, P = 0.001) and diarrhea (R = +0.40, P = 0.001). Among probiotic-containing products, yogurt was preferred over others worldwide and in Iran. Conclusions: The interest in probiotic use is high globally and in Iran. Consequently, there is a need for strategies to educate the public about the areas where the benefits of probiotics are well-supported by evidence and where information is either weak or lacking.
Greeks in Hungary : from the Orthodox Greek merchants to the refugees of the Greek Civil War
Authors: Fokas Nikos
Published: March 2024

The current face of the Greek community in Hungary was undoubtedly shaped by the political refugees who arrived in Hungary due to the Greek Civil War and their descendants. However, this Greek community recognises the legacy of the Greek merchant diaspora of the 18th and 19th centuries, which played a decisive role in the modernisation of Hungary as its own heritage. Therefore, I will briefly describe what this heritage consists of and how contemporary Greeks relate to it. I will then review the history of the resettlement of Greek political refugees in Hungary, with a particular focus on Greek children who arrived in Hungary without parental care. I will present their forced departure from Greece, their arrival in Hungary, their settlement, and their integration, partly based on archival materials and mainly on life history interviews.
La Evolución de la Criminalidad Organizada a Nivel Nacional y la Seguridad Ciudadana
Authors:   Policía Nacional del Perú, Pacheco Reyes Wilson F.
Published: March 2024

One of the phenomena that has evolved in recent years is national and international organized crime, which is more violent every day, generating a climate of insecurity among people; In this sense, this work had the objective of "Analyzing the evolution of organized crime at the national level and its impact on citizen security." A qualitative approach was used, phenomenological design, performing a bibliographic review and journalistic data. As a result, it was established that crime, citizen insecurity and the perception of insecurity have increased in recent times. It was concluded that public security policies and justice operators do not have the expected achievements in the fight against this phenomenon at the national level.
In-vitro equine embryo production: an adventure in multi-unit collaboration
Authors: Lyman C.C. , Coy R. , Bailey J.W. , Holyoak G.R.
Published: March 2024

The accessibility of assisted reproductive techniques related to oocyte collection and in vitro fertilization in the mare is increasingly becoming more widespread for private equine practitioners and their clients. The necessity of hauling a valuable mare long distances to the closest facility for transvaginal aspiration (TVA) of oocytes and on site intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) over a period of potential weeks before obtaining a pregnancy no longer exists. Instead, a mare’s primary veterinarian can manage the patient’s cycle and briefly transport her to a nearby facility where TVA can be performed. With TVA services being offered with increasing frequency in densely equine populated areas it is increasingly common for TVA to be offered as an outpatient procedure even if ICSI laboratories are not present at that location. The majority of reports associated with TVA and ICSI are associated with benchtop research and typically do not continue beyond blastocyst development to report pregnancy rates. A cumulative pregnancy rate after TVA and ICSI were performed on immature oocytes, with shipment of blastocysts to an off-site recipient herd has been reported at 72% with a 52% foaling rate.1 In 2017, in collaboration with an exclusively equine reproduction veterinary practice, we worked together to provide TVA services for client-owned mares. Mares were referred from the veterinary practice to our university setting where outpatient TVA procedures were performed; 330 follicles were aspirated and 212 oocytes were recovered (mare age range from 4-26 years) and shipped overnight at room temperature in an Equitainer® to an ICSI laboratory via FedEx™. A total of 43 (26.1%) blastocysts resulting from 165 ICSI procedures were obtained; 29 embryos were vitrified for future use and 14 embryos were transported to the referring reproductive veterinary practice via courier for fresh transfer to recipient mares on day 7 or 8 after ICSI. A 14 day pregnancy rate of 71.4% (10/14) and a 50% (7/14) pregnancy rate at heartbeat check were recorded. Three recipient mares have already successfully foaled and four are due to foal later in the spring of 2018. In light of these results sending a mare to a local practice specializing in TVA, as opposed to a distant, self-contained facility that has both TVA and ICSI capabilities has benefits for referring equine practitioners, their clients and patients. Being a key element in the management of the mare’s cycle prior to TVA has allowed the primary veterinarian to remain an integral partner in providing these specialty services. Shorter duration stays at referral facilities translates into less expense for the mare owner. Finally, as collaborators in this working partnership we have found working as a team to offer such services has enhanced the working relationship between practitioners and specialists.
Biofilm and latent bacteria in equine uterus
Authors: Ferris Ryan
Published: March 2024

Subfertility in the mare can be frustrating to the clinician. Recent data suggested that bacteria in either a biofilm or latent state may be responsible for certain cases of subfertility. Recent work has identified the pathophysiology for these types of chronic infections in the mare and best methods for therapy. The goal is to elucidate the pathophysiology of biofilm and latent infections and the diagnosis, and treatment of these types of infections in clinical practice.
Encouraging English Language Reading in Cambodia: a Case Study of Takeo Provincial Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Em Sereyrath , Chau Linn , Ros Ravuth , Dy Putheara , Pen Dina , Chin Pisith
Published: March 2024

English holds paramount significance as a global language, widely employed by diverse nations, including Cambodia, where it functions as a foreign language. Particularly in Cambodia, English has become indispensable for tertiary education. Employing a mixed methods approach, this study surveyed 183 university students, with ten subsequently participating in voluntary interviews. The findings indicate that students predominantly exhibit extrinsic motivation in their approach to English reading, with no discernible variance based on gender. The research also proposes several strategies for educators to enhance students' reading motivation, identifying the strategy of having students explain their comprehension to others as particularly efficacious. The study underscores the significance of English reading and elucidates the challenges students encounter in related activities. Ultimately, the study advocates for future investigations with larger sample sizes to further enrich scholarly insights.
Athlete and Support Staff Perceptions of Training Modalities for the Development of Surfing-Specific Manoeuvres: A Concept Mapping Approach
Authors: Dann Rick , Roberts Llion , Headrick Jonathon , Kelly Vincent , Donaldson Alex , McKenzie Alec , Duhig Steven
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to explore the perspectives of surfers and support staff on the relevance and practicality of various surfing training modalities to enhance surfing-specific maneuvers. Employing the Concept Systems groupwisdomTM platform, data were collected from 29 participants (18 support staff and 11 surfers) using concept mapping, a method known for capturing context-specific insights. The participants generated 101 statements regarding training modalities, then refined to 58 and categorised into four clusters through multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis: education and mindset, physical preparation, in-water training, and dry-land training. The clusters were rated based on importance and feasibility on a 10-point scale. The findings revealed that the education and mindset cluster was considered the most crucial (mean = 7.5) and feasible (8.1), while dry-land training was viewed as the least important (mean = 5.9) and feasible (mean = 6.0). A notable discrepancy was observed in the perceived importance of dry-land training between surfers (mean = 6.48) and support staff (mean = 5.61), indicating differing viewpoints. The study concludes that training programs should prioritise education and mindset, physical preparation, in-water training, and dry-land training, in that order. It also suggests the need to consider diverse opinions on dry-land training and recommends a constraints-led approach to training design, acknowledging the unique challenges in surf training. This research provides novel insights into the design of effective training environments for skill-based surfing maneuvers.
Numerical Study on self-propulsion Performance of submarine Based on CFD
Authors: Sun Jiyuan , Pu Chenyu , Zhao Bowen
Published: March 2024

The submarine is a crucial component of marine strategic equipment known for their flexibility and excellent concealment. It is essential to ensure the safety of submarine navigation during the initial design stage, and maneuverability is one of the key performances for assessing its safety and motility. This paper is based on the CFD method to numerically study the maneuverability of the SUBOFF submarine. By predicting the straight-line navigation resistance of the submarine, the results agreed well with the test values, which verified the accuracy of the numerical method. In addition, two methods of static and dynamic prediction were used to solve the self-propulsion point based on the Body Force Method for the SUBOFF submarine with E1619 propeller, and ultimately the relative errors of the two methods of the propeller rotational speed and thrust were -1.56% and -4.54%, respectively. The performance parameters of the propeller thrust coefficient ΚT and torque coefficient ΚQ were also close to each other base on the two methods, and the relative errors were all within 3%. This paper provides a good foundation for the prediction of zigzag test, turning circle and other motions of the subsequent submarine, which is of great significance.
A unified framework for equivalent single layer theories of composite beams, plates, and shells: a review
Authors: Li Mengzhen
Published: March 2024

This article presents a comprehensive review of the unified framework for the equivalent single layer theories of composite beams, plates and shells. First, the approach to unified displacement fields has two main categories: one is to start from the assumption of linear displacement field variables. And the another is to start from the assumption of transverse strains and transverse displacement variable. In terms of unified shape functions, the shape function is defined as the function that exist in the transverse strain rather than the in-plane displacement variables. Moreover, the basic requirements for the choose of shape functions are also given and analysed in this paper. The unified shape functions are introduced in terms of the several functions and the unified polynomial model. In addition, a construction method for new shear strain shape functions is described in this review. Finally, the current research progress and future prospects are also given.
2010 CCCC Exemplar Award Acceptance Speech
Authors: Winterowd W. Ross
Published: March 2024

The Exemplar Award is presented to a person who has served or serves as an exemplar of our organization, representing the highest ideals of scholarship, teaching, and service to the entire profession. This is a written version of the acceptance speech W. Ross Winterowd gave at the CCCC meeting in Louisville on March 18, 2010. We’re sorry to report that Winterowd died on January 21, 2011.
Review Essay: Beyond Typical Ideas of Writing: Developing a Diverse Understanding of Writers, Writing, and Writing Instruction
Authors: Miller-Cochran Susan K.
Published: March 2024

Reviewed are:

The Idea of a Writing Laboratory, Neal Lerner

Generation 1.5 in College Composition: Teaching Academic Writing to U.S.-Educated Learners of ESL, Mark Roberge, Meryl Siegal, and Linda Harklau, editors

The Community College Writer: Exceeding Expectations, Howard Tinberg and Jean-Paul Nadeau

College Writing and Beyond: A New Framework for University Writing Instruction, Anne Beaufort
Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bartholomae
Authors: Bartholomae David , Schilb John
Published: March 2024

First published in 1985, David Bartholomae’s “Inventing the University” has become perhaps the most often cited and discussed essay in composition studies. On the occasion of its twenty-fifth anniversary, the editor of College English interviews Bartholomae about the essay’s background, subsequent reception, and continued impact.
Teacher to Teacher: What Literature Related to the Environment and Nature Do You Enjoy Teaching?
Authors: Rodesiler Luke , Quinn Jill Sisson , Potash Betsy , Wood Catherine McGregor
Published: March 2024

“Teacher to Teacher” provides a forum for teachers to share ideas, materials, and activities.
Between Dreams and Beasts: Four Precepts for Green English Teaching
Authors: Jewett Michelle
Published: March 2024

Why should we spend English class time on substantial environmental inquiry?
A Garden of Stories: An English Lesson in a Botanical Garden
Authors: Mazor Rachel
Published: March 2024

Take a class trip to Brooklyn’s Shakespeare Garden.
EJ Extra: Masterpiece at 40: A Celebration
Authors: Cashion Carol Jackson
Published: March 2024

PBS’s Masterpiece website has many valuable resources for teachers.
De-centering English: Highlighting the Dynamic Nature of the English Language to Promote the Teaching of Code-Switching
Authors: White John W.
Published: March 2024

Embracing the dynamic nature of English language can help students learn more about all forms of English.
Editor’s Retrospective
Authors: Tchudi Stephen N.
Published: March 2024

Tchudi looks back at his editorship during the turbulent 1970s.
Editors’ Retrospective
Authors: Nelms Ben F. , Nelms Elizabeth Donnell
Published: March 2024

A look back at the the Nelms editorship.
Rereading English’s Past and Present through English Journal, 1912 and 2012
Authors: Brass Jory
Published: March 2024

The author identifies important similarities between the state of English teaching in 1912 and 2012 and highlights historical links between English teaching and science, Christianity, race, and nation that have not figured prominently in the field’s dominant historical narrative.
Production Editor’s Retrospective
Authors: Smith Rona
Published: March 2024

Smith discusses some of the changes in EJ design and production.
Editor’s Retrospective
Authors: Christenbury Leila
Published: March 2024

Christenbury dicusses what she has learned from her predecessors.
Editor’s Retrospective
Authors: Monseau Virginia R.
Published: March 2024

Monseau looks back on her time as editor.
Same as It Ever Was: Enacting the Promise of Teaching, Writing, and New Media
Authors: Hicks Troy , Young Carl A. , Kajder Sara , Hunt Bud
Published: March 2024

In surveying English Journal, the authors highlight voices from the past, of the present, and for the future to offer a vision of how teachers can prepare students to succeed as writers in the 21st century.
Adventures with Text and Beyond: Challenging Genre, Medium, and Text—Students as Authentic Readers and Writers
Authors: Thomas P. L.
Published: March 2024

Adventures with Text and Beyond explores various ways of teaching literary theory to high school and middle school students.
Interpreting Graphic Versions of Shakespearean Plays
Authors: Wolfe Paula , Kleijwegt Danielle
Published: March 2024

Shakespearean graphic novels are far more valuable for “active perceivers” than “passive receivers.”
Mentoring Matters: Finding the Golden Mean: Mentors and Student Teachers Working for Success
Authors: Spangler Susan
Published: March 2024

Mentoring Matters focuses on effective ways to support new English teachers and student teachers.
From the Editor
Authors: Lindblom Ken
Published: March 2024

Editor Ken Lindblom talks about change in educationand introduces the articles in this issue.
EJ Extra: Mathematical Language and the Common Core State Standards for English
Authors: Berger Lisa
Published: March 2024

Mathematical language is distinct from everyday language, and English language arts teachers could team with mathematics teachers to provide specialized support to students transitioning to more formal mathematical reading and writing.
Teaching Young Adult Literature: YA Literature Belongs in the Classroom Because …
Authors: Roberts Mike
Published: March 2024

“Teaching Young Adult Literature” describes innovative methods for engaging students in reading, writing, and discussing contemporary and classic literary texts written for adolescents.
Speaking My Mind: The Audacity of Empathy: It’s Still the Students, Stupid!
Authors: Galante Nicole
Published: March 2024

“Speaking My Mind” invites readers to speak out about controversial issues relevant to the teaching of English language arts.
Exploring the Boundaries of Narrative: Video Games in the English Classroom
Authors: Ostenson Jonathan
Published: March 2024

Video games offer new, complex forms of interactive narrative. Ostenson shows how students in his English class have begun to study this evolving genre.
From the Editors
Authors: Gorlewski David , Gorlewski Julie
Published: March 2024

The new EJ editors introduce their first issue.
Asinine Assessment: Why High-Stakes Testing Is Bad for Everyone, Including English Teachers
Authors: Au Wayne , Gourd Karen
Published: March 2024

The authors argue that high-stakes, standardized testing contradicts curriculum and instruction aligned with professional standards promoted by NCTE and innovative educators.
Rethinking Adolescent Reading Assessment: From Accountability to Care
Authors: Filkins Scott
Published: March 2024

The author explores the balance of responsibility for effective formative reading assessment between classroom teachers and the curricular structure within which they work.
Continuous Becoming: Moving toward Mastery Driven to Succeed
Authors: Freeman Megan
Published: March 2024

“Continuous Becoming: Moving toward Mastery” offers suggestions, ideas, and experiences to help novice and veteran teachers discover their own roadmaps toward mastery.
Children Giving Clues
Authors: Ohanian Susan
Published: March 2024

Frustrated with the restrictive nature of the Common Core Standards, the author calls on teachers to resist a system that denies them and their students access to what teaching and learning should be about.
Where Is Our Voice? Setting a Democratic Foundation for Adolescents in an American Literature Course
Authors: Hurst Heather
Published: March 2024

This article explores the author’s experience in creating a classroom that embodies her newfound definition of democracy.
Intending to Meet: The Truth about Collaboration
Authors: Jordan Jill , Kaplan Rebecca
Published: March 2024

This article illustrates the importance of taking the time to practice authentic collaboration for teachers to better their craft and help their students become independent and critical learners.
Contexts, Codes, and Cultures: An Interview with NCTE President
Authors: Morrell Ernest
Published: March 2024

EJ editors Julie Gorlewski and David Gorlewski interviewed NCTE President Ernest Morrell in April 2012 at the Equity and Social Justice Conference at SUNY New Paltz.
High School Matters: Beyond Single Literacy Stories
Authors: Parker Kimberly N.
Published: March 2024

Members of the Secondary Section Steering Committee comment on topics of importance to English language arts educators.
Disabling Assumptions: Can You Drink through a Straw? Confronting Disabling Assumptions
Authors: Roquemore Katie
Published: March 2024

This column explores how paying attention to disability—both to the rich contributions made by people with disabilities and to the sometimes negative attitudes in society that can interfere with those contributions—can foster classroom interactions that are more democratic, more inclusive, and more equitable.
The Lives of a Poem
Authors: Romano Tom
Published: March 2024

Through creative nonfiction, the author reveals his relationship over the past four decades with Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.”
Curriculum as Encounter: Selves and Shelves
Authors: Style Emily Jane
Published: March 2024

In this article, a veteran teacher expresses the importance of drawing on the life-texts of students and recognizing the ways that personal experience influences a student’s perception of the world.
Carpe Librum: Seize the (YA) Book: Tough Talk: Books about Bullying
Authors: Schmidt Pauline Skowron , Stuntz Jennifer , Hussack Emilee
Published: March 2024

This column hopes to serve as a space dedicated to conversation about young adult literature and to celebrate adolescents, their reading, and their experiences by reviewing the texts that engage them.
I Heart Teaching: A Travel Memoir
Authors: O’Donnell Carolyn
Published: March 2024

Referencing Freire, Ladson-Billings’s approach to “culturally relevant pedagogies,” and Moje et al.’s “third space,” this memoir details an American English educator’s transformation from inexperienced instructor to lifelong student.
Wobbling in Public: Supporting New and Experienced Teachers
Authors: Garcia Antero , O’Donnell-Allen Cindy
Published: March 2024

This article describes an approach for supporting preservice teachers as they prepare to meet the inevitable challenges of teaching.
Speaking Truth to Power: The Legacies of Rachel Carson
Authors: Stein Karen F.
Published: March 2024

“Speaking Truth to Power” seeks to explore the experiences and possibilities that arise when educators speak Truth to power.
Carpe Librum: Seize the (YA) Book: We’re Not Kidding: Nonfiction Texts to Use across the Curriculum
Authors: Hussack Emilee , Schmidt Pauline Skowron
Published: March 2024

This column hopes to serve as a space dedicated to conversation about Young Adult Literature and to celebrate adolescents, their reading, and their experiences by reviewing the texts that engage them.
Speaking My Mind: Sports Books: The Four Questions
Authors: Lipsyte Robert
Published: March 2024

“Speaking My Mind” invites readers to speak out about controversial issues relevant to the teaching of English language arts.
My Year of Sports
Authors: Rossuck Jennifer
Published: March 2024

The author describes a successful yearlong course, The Games People Play: Sports in Society and Literature, that engages students in a variety of interdisciplinary learning opportunities.
The Highlight with a Thousand Faces: Sports and Our Yearning for Hero and Myth
Authors: Gahan Clayton M.
Published: March 2024

Using Joseph Campbell’s notions of archetypes and the hero’s journey, students can examine current sports stories to help them understand modern society and myth creation.
Three-Point Shot: Basketball, Poetry, and Critical Literacy
Authors: Dinkins Elizabeth G.
Published: March 2024

The poetry of three prominent contemporary authors provides students with opportunities to practice literary interpretation from a variety of perspectives.
Carpe Librum: Seize the (YA) Book: Where Is the Girl Power? The Search for Authentic Portrayals of Female
Authors: Hussack Emilee , Schmidt Pauline Skowron
Published: March 2024

This column hopes to serve as a space dedicated to conversation about Young Adult Literature and to celebrate adolescents, their reading, and their experiences by reviewing the texts that engage them.
Soft(a)ware in the English Classroom: Bards at Bat: The Sport of Quantitative Literary Analysis
Authors: Lynch Tom Liam
Published: March 2024

“Soft(a)ware in the English Classroom” seeks to identify the ways in which our teaching and learning lives are influenced by software.
The End of Innovation
Authors: Heller Stephen
Published: March 2024

This article explores questions about the ability for an assessment-driven approach toward education to foster creative, vibrant classrooms.
A Call for Subterfuge: Shielding the ELA Classroom from the Restrictive Sway of the Common Core
Authors: Gilbert Chris
Published: March 2024

This author discusses how ELA instructors must practice subterfuge and resist standardization by using Personal Standards.
Profiles and Perspectives: Living History: Cat Royal and Her Readers
Authors: Golding Julia
Published: March 2024

Author Julia Golding reflects on her process for writing historical fiction for children. She wants to leave readers with an image that will encourage their young minds to turn on to history: The popularity of the Harry Potter and Percy Jackson series shows that huge numbers of children love fantasy, perhaps best summed up as going-through-the-wardrobe to other worlds. I enjoy this, too. Yet the pleasure of writing historical novels is similar in my experience to writing fantasy: the past is one place to which my imagination/wardrobe leads. If a young writer gathers just enough information to map a few steps beyond the door, then they have a whole new world to explore, which, if they give it a chance, will be just as exciting as anything a magician or half-blood could experience.
In Closing … Rhythms of Story
Authors: Grady Cynthia
Published: March 2024

School librarian Cynthia Grady was asked by a student, “Do we have any books where nothing happens?” The implications of that question stretched her thinking about language, story, and children, and altered how she works with students to choose books that will engage them.
Research and Policy: Can Online Learning Communities Foster Professional Development?
Authors: Beach Richard
Published: March 2024

This column posits enhancing professional development through uses of digital tools to create professional learning communities (PLCs) designed to support collective inquiry and action research leading to schoolwide improvement. These digital tools include a social networking/discussion forum for teacher collaboration; teachers’ individual personal learning networks (PLNs); students' online work collected in blogs, wikis, podcasts, or e-portfolios; and a school online curriculum repository containing lesson plans and units addressing standards that are linked together to create a central “learning commons.”— Implementing this “learning commons” requires initial pilot testing of the uses of these tools prior to full-scale implementation. Research supporting the use of digital tools for enhancing professional development is also cited.
Research and Policy Reading the Past: Policy and Professionalism in This Journal’s Earliest Issues
Authors: Maloch Beth , Bomer Randy , Burke Amy
Published: March 2024

How did elementary language arts teachers of yore respond to policy issues in their own day? A review of the first two volumes of Language Arts, then called The Elementary English Review (1924â€“1925), suggests the journal served as a dynamic and productive space for language arts teachers and scholars to share their work and debate its merit. Much of this debate focused on what encompasses an appropriate language arts curriculum, including what books are of value (and to whom) and the relationships between curriculum and students’ lives. We argue there is much to learn, and much hope to be found, in the space that would become Language Arts.
Professional Book Reviews: The Things They Carried: 100 Years of Literacy Learning and Scholarship
Authors: Reeves Lillian , Johnson Lackhuk Amy , DeFord Diane
Published: March 2024

The authors review three books that explore issues affecting literacy, teaching practices, and scholarship throughout the last century.  Interwoven across these texts is the common theme that efforts of teachers, scholars, professional organizations, and policies from the past continue to shape, shift, and define the future of literacy instruction. Within and across the shifts that define current theories and practices are determined teachers, committed to responding to the evolving roles language, literacy, and learning play in meeting and overcoming the challenges young learners face as they navigate school.
Professional Book Reviews: Supporting Students as Writers across Languages
Authors: Long Susi , López-Robertson Julia , Mills Heidi
Published: March 2024

Each book reviewed in this issue moves the field of literacy forward in important ways. De la Reyes’s collection of narratives provides insights into the institutional and instructional barriers faced by many students of color and strategies they used to overcome them as they sought to develop biliterate identities in the monolingual cultures of schools. Fu’s exciting book documents student writers across languages as teachers support their developing proficiency in home languages and English. And Ray and Glover’s focused look at how to move writers forward within diverse contexts provides specific and powerful strategies for teachers to use moment-to-moment in support of students as writers.
Children’s Literature Reviews: Invitations to Reading: 2012 Notable Children’s Books in the Language Arts
Authors: Bedford April , Bandré Patricia , Miller Donalyn , Roser Nancy , Smiles Tracy , Sung Yoo Kyung , Ward Barbara
Published: March 2024

The Notable Children’s Books in the Language Arts offer invitations to young readers to interact with excellent books highlighting many and varied uses of language. The collection of books selected for the 2012 list invite readers from kindergarten through eighth grade to participate in language play and use innovative texts as models for their own writing, to observe and marvel at the natural world surrounding them, to laugh at humorous incidents or unexpected ways with words, to imagine new and different experiences, to preserve and learn from diverse cultural heritages, to question their own thoughts and feelings, to take the perspective of others, and to take action on behalf of issues and people that matter to them.
Toward Community Research and Coalitional Literacy Practices for Educational Justice
Authors: Campano Gerald , Ghiso Maria Paula , Yee Mary , Pantoja Alicia
Published: March 2024

Community-based research can provide an avenue for understanding the complexities of students’ and families’ lives and working together for educational justice through what we refer to as coalitional literacy practices. In this article, we share a critical incident about a student’s absence from school as an illustrative case of the grass-roots coalitional work we saw occurring at our research site. In our analysis, we juxtapose two understandings of the situation: on the one hand, the school’s response as an instance of truancy, and the bureaucratic literacies associated with this framing; and on the other hand, how the mother’s testimonial speaks to intersectional oppressions that are often invisible to schools. We conclude by spotlighting a current practitioner research project that aims to build off the coalitional energy at the site to investigate family’s educational experiences and work toward a shared vision of social justice.
Consejo as a Literacy Event: A Case Study of a Border Mexican Woman
Authors: Piedra Maria Teresa de la
Published: March 2024

Drawing on sociocultural approaches to literacy and literature on the communal spaces of teaching and learning of Latino/as, I share one Mexican border women’s life story and analyze her literacies and ways of knowing in relation to the literacy event of giving consejo. Using data gathered through individual interviews and observations, I present the case of Lucía, the owner of a burrito’s restaurant. She draws upon a mix of oral and print language, as well as other multimodal resources (visual, spatial, audio forms), in order to perform a particular speech genre: consejo. Lucia’s unique way of giving consejos is presented here, along with suggestions as how to recruit these communal literacies in classroom practice. This paper adds to the growing body of literature that identifies Latina/o’s pedagogical tools in family and community contexts and challenges deficit views.
Language and Literacy Brokering: Becoming “Linguisticians” through Parent Interviews
Authors: Griffith Robin , Silva Cecilia , Weinburgh Molly S.
Published: March 2024

Language serves as a key educational tool as well as to identify individuals as members of particular social groups. ELL students entering US schools are required to learn English as the tool for communication and learning. These students often encounter situations in which it is assumed that linguistically and culturally diverse families have few resources on which to draw. This study examines a student-led parent interview assignment in which language and family are integrated into the pervasive theme of “investigation.” Students interviewed their parents/guardians in order to examine the specific and unique language needed for different jobs/professions. Using the principles of investigation, students posed questions, gathered data, analyzed the results, and shared findings. The authors conclude that teachers can engage ELLs in language investigations to support them in understanding how language works.
Linguistic Repertoires: Teachers and Students Explore Their Everyday Language Worlds
Authors: D’warte Jacqueline
Published: March 2024

Australian English curriculum documents—like many Western English curriculum documents—acknowledge the linguistic and cultural diversity of student populations and ask teachers to recognize and build upon the skills students display in their homes and wider community. A crowded curriculum and a climate of high-stakes testing can make it challenging to find ways to explore students’ “repertoires of linguistic practice” (Gumperz, 1972; Gutiérrez & Rogoff, 2003) and build on them in authentic ways. This article shares how five Australian teachers and their students investigated how and in what ways they used language every day. These 10–13-year-old students who spoke 23 languages and dialects in addition to English explored their everyday multilingual, multimodal worlds as resources for thinking and acting in their study of English language arts. This article shares how teachers in three classrooms built knowledge of students (Rymes, 2010) and with students by normalizing multilingualism and creating spaces for students and themselves to reflect on and value everyday practices while enhancing linguistic repertoires.
Conversation Currents: Language Brokering and Translanguaging in School
Authors: Orellana Marjorie Faulstich , García Ofelia
Published: March 2024

Ofelia García and Marjorie Faulstich Orellana discuss language brokering as a particular form of the more general kinds of translanguaging practices that bilinguals engage in. They consider the implications of a “translanguaging” framework for language education in general, and bilingual education in particular, and offer ways for teachers to build on the skills and experiences that youth have in crossing linguistic borders.
Professional Book Reviews: Creating Critical, Joyful, and Socially Just Classrooms
Authors: Bemiss Elizabeth , Hass Chris , Laman Tasha Tropp , Smith Dywanna , Stockdale Lisa
Published: March 2024

This issue’s professional book reviews examine a range of texts that explore teacher inquiry in a variety of contexts. Whether the authors are examining educational philosophies such as Reggio Emilia and its application to literacy workshops or ways to consider how our research and practices position youth, this month’s authors all engage in research that changes how teachers approach their students and curriculum. Underlying each of the professional books is a foundation of the integral nature of reflection in refining one’s teaching practices. These reflective practitioners help us consider curricular structures, critical literacy, humanizing research, and the joy in teaching diverse students. Each of these texts enriched our conversations and affected our practice in small and big ways. We hope they do the same for you.
Quiet Echoes from the Heart: Joyce Sidman and Her Poetry
Authors: Ward Barbara A. , Young Terrell A.
Published: March 2024

This profile of Joyce Sidman, recipient of the 2013 NCTE Excellence in Poetry for Children Award, provides insight into the inspiration for her work and highlights her creative process. Tips for budding poets are included.
Children’s Literature Reviews: The 2014 Orbis Pictus Award Winners
Authors: Wilson Fran , Giorgis Cyndi , Herbeck Joyce , LeJeune Marie , Lowery Ruth McKoy , Parsons Sue , Sullivan Ed
Published: March 2024

This column presents the winners of the 2014 Orbis Pictus Book Award. Each year the Orbis Pictus Award Committee selects the best nonfiction children’s books published within the previous calendar year. The award, created by the National Council of Teachers of English in 1989, was named after what is believed to be the very first nonfiction book written especially for children.
Editors’ Introduction: Tracking, Assessment, and Persistent Problems of Inequity
Authors: Dressman Mark , McCarthey Sarah , Prior Paul
Published: March 2024

The editors introduce this issue of RTE.
Editors’ Introduction: Tracing the Movement of Literacies Across, Within, and Around
Authors: Cushman Ellen , Juzwik Mary
Published: March 2024

New editors Cushman and Juzwik discuss their plans for the journal and introduce this issue’s articles.
Forum: Toward a Restorative English Education
Authors: Winn Maisha T.
Published: March 2024

In this essay I argue for a Restorative English Education—that is, a pedagogy of possibilities that employs literature and writing to seek justice and restore (and, in some cases, create) peace that reaches beyond the classroom walls. A Restorative English Education requires English language arts teachers to resist zero-tolerance policies that sort, label, and eventually isolate particular youth, embracing a discourse of restoration in which all young people have an opportunity to experience “radical healing” through engaging in deliberate literate acts that illuminate pathways of resilience.
Theorizing Failure in US Writing Assessments
Authors: Inoue Asao B.
Published: March 2024

How do teachers define failure when learning to write? We don’t ask the question often enough. In this article, I attempt to offer a definition and critique of the nature and production of failure in writing classrooms and programs. I argue that the production of failure in writing assessments can create more purposeful consequences, particularly for those historically most likely to suffer “failures” in writing classrooms: students of color, multilingual students, and working-class students. Drawing upon survey and grade data from California State University, Fresno, I examine two kinds of failure produced in writing classrooms, quality-failure and labor-failure. I argue that quality-failure (associated with judging the quality of drafts) is the least useful kind of failure for writing classrooms, while labor-failure (associated with work and effort) offers better consequences for student-writers and can help articulate a more robust writing construct by including noncognitive dimensions of writing. I conclude by proposing “productive failure” as a future possibility for writing classrooms.
Forum: Writing Assessment in Global Context
Authors: Hamp-Lyons Liz
Published: March 2024

Paradigms of writing instruction and of writing assessment are interconnected, and they are, or should be, affected by the sociocultural context in which they are embedded. In the case of writing assessment, the predominant context is the assessment of the writing proficiency of second- or third-language writers of English. Since the Second World War, English has taken a hold as the language of business and politics, and much of that interaction occurs between and among multiple groups who share only English as a common language. English is also dominantly the language of intellectual exchange, and English language tests are a critical component of decision-making about the movement of people from less-developed countries to countries where they can gain greater educational opportunity. English tests have great value. Everywhere in the world, English proficiency is one of the essential keys to unlock the door of educational opportunity and all that promises for an individual’s future. The assessment of writing is, then, socially and politically significant not only within a country’s internal struggles for opportunity for all through quality education, but also between nations.
The 2013 NCTE Presidential Address: Standards, Students, and the Meaning of Life
Authors: Hayes Sandy
Published: March 2024

The following is the text of Sandy Hayes’s presidential address, delivered at the NCTE Annual Convention in Boston, Massachusetts, on November 24, 2013.