bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВОЕННЫЙ ИНСТИТУТ СВЯЗИ НА СЛУЖБЕ РОДИНЕ: К 100-ЛЕТИЮ СОЗДАНИЯ
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр ", ЗАЦАРИННЫЙ А.А. ,   Информатика и управление",   РАН
Published: October 2023

Монография посвящена 100-летнему юбилею 16 ЦНИИИ МО РФ - старейшему военному институту в нашей стране. На основе глубокого ретроспективного анализа деятельности института убедительно показана значимость научных исследований в создании новых систем и средств военной связи. Автор монографии, ветеран института, пред- ставил портреты многих военных ученых-связистов. Книга будет полезной для сотрудников и ветеранов военных НИИ, вузов, а также специалистов в области телекоммуникационных техно- логий.
Metaphysical and dialectical aspects in the reality of myth
Authors: Baikov Aleksandr Alekseevich
Published: October 2023

The aim of the research is to identify the relationship between the metaphysical and dialectical aspects in the reality of myth by determining the characteristics of its development and establishing connections within it. The paper reveals the dynamic aspect of mythological events, examines the specificity of the interaction between individual myths, the relationship between mythological and historical time. The scientific novelty of the research lies in overcoming the dichotomy of the metaphysical/dialectical in relation to the reality of myth and proposing a metaphysical model for the development of constructed realities. As a result, it has been proved that myth possesses a unique dynamics that combines metaphysical and dialectical aspects. A model for the development of mythological reality based on connections mediated by mythemes and archetypes, which acquires temporal characteristics through its inclusion in the structure of reality, has been identified.
Semiodynamics of metaphor (based on the material of medical English)
Authors: Khakhalova Svetlana Alexeyevna
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study is to prove the metaphoric character of the terminological system of English biological and medical scientific discourse. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the author’s approach to the analysis and interpretation of the ‘host’ metaphor from the position of the fractal paradigm in metaphorology. As a result of the study, it has been revealed that the primary name of the word ‘host’ contained a positive heuristic based on creating an image of a hospitable host in order to obtain benefits. But the evolution of the name has led to a change of positive heuristics to a negative one and a change in the stylistic significance of the metaphor. The initially occasional metaphor became a trite one and contributed to the emergence of the medical and biological term. It has been found that the semiodynamics of the word ‘host’ affects the change in the stylistic significance of the metaphor and manifests itself in metaphorical mapping when the concepts FRIEND and ENEMY, FRIEND and FOE interact in the cognitive space of the COEXISTENCE concept. It has been found and proved that the evolution of the metaphor, fractal in nature, manifests itself in the transfer of the same name from the HOSPITALITY concept to the DAMAGE concept.
Speech tactics for implementing the self-presentation strategy in German-language lifestyle blogs
Authors: Lezhnina Anna Sergeevna , Shakhovnina Yulia Borisovna
Published: October 2023

The study focuses on German-language lifestyle blogs, which are being considered from the perspective of their authors’ self-presentation and presentation of their lifestyle. The aim of the study is to determine some of the ways used by the authors of German-language lifestyle blogs to implement the communication strategy of self-presentation. The paper discusses the genre features of lifestyle blogs, which serve as a platform for a certain lifestyle, defines the strategy of self-presentation as the leading communication strategy of this type of Internet blogs and highlights some tactics for implementing this strategy. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that based on the material of a German lifestyle blog, a number of speech tactics for implementing the self-presentation strategy have been identified for the first time. As a result, it has been proved that the speech tactics of conveying objective and subjective information, conveying information from a third person, using a promoted image, demonstrating competence and uniting with the addressee serve to effectively implement the blogger’s self-presentation strategy.
РОЗВИТОК СИСТЕМИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ В ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ КРАЇНАХ
Authors: Качур Оксана , Загричук Григорій , Гарліцька Наталія , Мілян Іванна
Published: October 2023

Європейські країни володіють високорозвиненою системою вищих медичних навчальних закладів різного рівня акредитації. Тут випускаються спеціалісти для потреб вітчизняної охорони здоров’я, а також фахівці для інших країн світу. У статті обговорені питаня
Study of a tick-borne encephalitis vaccine
Authors: Stronin O. V. , Epanchintsev A. A.  , Koltunov A.  A.
Published: October 2023

Scientific relevance. Tick-borne encephalitis is one of the most significant anthropozoonoses   for public health in the Russian Federation. Wide vaccination coverage is required to control  this zoonotic infection. However, large-scale immunisation is not feasible without developing novel vaccines with improved safety and efficacy profiles, such as vaccines based on the continuous Vero cell line.

Aim. This extended study aimed to investigate the key quality attributes of VeroKSEN, a new tick-borne encephalitis vaccine that was obtained using Vero cells.

Materials and methods. The authors implemented current approaches to vaccine development, including propagation of tick-borne encephalitis strain 205 (Far Eastern subtype) in Vero cells, fine purification of the viral antigen by size-exclusion chromatography on polymeric resins, and introduction of additional quality control methods. For VeroKSEN production, the authors used the method protected by utility patent No. 2678431.  Quality control of the finished product  was performed according to the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. The laboratory study of the vaccine and its intermediates in Balb/с mice used novel control methods developed by the authors. Additional methods included polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, enzyme immunoassay, immunoblotting with total antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis virus  and monoclonal antibodies to glycoprotein E, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, and high-performance liquid chromatography. The extended potency study used test strains of different subtypes, including Absettarov (Western), Sofjin (Far Eastern), and Korzukhin (Siberian). The authors studied the infectious activity of tick-borne encephalitis virus in outbred mice using the pharmacopoeial titration method. Statistical analysis of the study results involved calculating the arithmetic mean and the root-mean-square deviation.

Results. The authors studied the key quality attributes of VeroKSEN and its intermediates. Selected inactivation conditions reduced the infectious activity of the viral harvest to an undetectable level within 24 h, while its antigenic activity remained approximately 100% of the baseline. The fine purification stages and the methods and techniques developed by the authors provided a whole-virion fraction with a purity of up to 98.2% and removed process-related impurities (residual host-cell DNA, bovine serum albumin, formaldehyde, and bacterial endotoxins) to the levels required by national legislation. The stability study demonstrated    that the vaccine met the requirements for up to 36 months.

Conclusions. The study showed the high potency of the new vaccine in terms of protection against the Western, Siberian, and Far Eastern subtypes of tick-borne encephalitis, with minimum immunising doses (MID50) of 0.007, 0.00125, and 0.00093 mL, respectively.
Определение экстрактивных веществ в листьях аронии Мичурина
Authors: Pugacheva O. , Panova K. , Brezhneva T. , Slivkin A.
Published: October 2023

Определены оптимальные растворители для выделения суммы экстрактивных веществ (ЭВ) из листьев аронии Мичурина. Изучено влияние полярности растворителей и рН на выход ЭВ. Установлено, что выход ЭВ выше для более полярных экстрагентов, также выход ЭВ повышается при щелочных и кислых значениях рН за счет извлечения сопутствующих компонентов — лейкоантоцианов и гидролиза целевых групп БАВ. Как оптимальные экстрагенты для определения ЭВ и дальнейшего получения суммарных экстракционных препаратов листьев аронии Мичурина нами рекомендованы вода очищенная и спирт этиловый 40 – 70 % без щелочных и кислотных добавок, повышающих степень экстракции.
Анализ кинетики изотермического бейнитного превращения в легированных сталях
Authors: Майсурадзе М. В. , Куклина А. А. , Лебедев Д. И. , Назарова В. В.
Published: October 2023

Проведено дилатометрическое исследование образования бейнита при изотермической выдержке в промышленных и экспериментальных легированных сталях разного состава. Рассмотрено влияние условий охлаждения до температуры изотермической закалки на последующий процесс бейнитного превращения. Описана экспериментальная кинетика образования бейнита при помощи уравнения Остина-Риккета (ОР). Установлена температурная зависимость параметров n и ln (k) уравнения ОР, а также их линейная взаимосвязь. Показано, что стали определенных классов имеют различия в зависимости n = f[ln (k)], связанные, вероятно, с разной устойчивостью переохлажденного аустенита. Установлено, что в ряде случаев кинетика изотермического бейнитного превращения может быть наиболее адекватно описана уравнением Колмогорова-Джонсона-Мела-Аврами (КДМА). Предложена методика применения дифференциального уравнения, обобщающего уравнения ОР и КДМА, которая позволяет получить наиболее точное описание кинетики образования бейнита.
Исследование газонасыщенного слоя после окисления сплава Ti6242S в интервале температур 500 – 800 °C
Authors: Калиенко М. С. , Желнина А. В. , Попов А. А.
Published: October 2023

Исследовано окисление сплава Ti6242S в диапазоне температур 500 – 800 °C в воздушной атмосфере методами рентгеноструктурного анализа, ядерного микроанализа, световой и электронной микроскопии. Проведена оценка влияния содержания кислорода на границе раздела оксид/металл на периоды кристаллической решетки фаз с использованием метода рентгеноструктурного анализа. Обнаружено, что концентрация кислорода в газонасыщенном слое зависит от температуры и времени отжига. Использование полученных результатов позволяет повысить надежность прогнозирования поведения сплава при окислении.
Using m-learning in teacher education: A systematic review of demographic details, research methodologies, pre-service teacher outcomes, and advantages and challenges
Authors: Tong Duong Huu , Nguyen Tien-Trung , Uyen Bui Phuong , Ngan Lu Kim
Published: October 2023

Mobile learning (m-learning) is a crucial educational technology for teacher education due to its significant benefits and the development of mobile technology. This study’s objective is to conduct a systematic review and present a recent synthesis of the m-learning literature from 2018 to 2023 in teacher education relating to subject publication year, geographic distribution, matter domains, mobile devices and technologies used, research methodologies used to examine the implementation of m-learning, results for pre-service teachers, as well as benefits and challenges of m-learning adoption. The study used the systematic review methodology and PRISMA guidelines. A list of 27 studies was included from several relevant studies in four, Google Scholar, Mendeley, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, databases using inclusion and exclusion criteria to evaluate the full text after screening the titles and abstracts. The results of this study show that m-learning has garnered interest in numerous nations worldwide, applied in different subject matter domains with the use of various mobile devices and technologies. More significantly, the findings show that using mobile learning to learn positively impacts how pre-service teachers develop their knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Additionally, adopting this learning style recently in teacher education has certain advantages and challenges, requiring lecturers, pre-service teachers, and institutions to have the necessary equipment for knowledge, skills and facilities to achieve efficiency. Consequently, the results of this study can be used as a guide for research on m-learning in the future and contribute to the body of knowledge about this pedagogical strategy for teacher training.
Automation of machines working equip-ment calculation using graph theory
Authors: Vysokovych Yevhen , Koval Andrii , Biliakovych Mykola , Orel Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

Problem. The paper presents an example of using a methodology for automated calculation of working equipment for construction machines, which are represented by hinge-lever mechanisms. The approach employed in the methodology is based on graph theory and provides semi-automatic generation of the mechanism's structure description and automatic formation of systems of equations for its static calculation. Based on the methodology, software has been developed that automates the performance of force calculations in arbitrary positions of the mechanism for different loading schemes. Methodology. To automate the force calculation, an incidence matrix describing the structure of the mechanism is formed and used. Results. The developed software not only provides results in numerical form but also generates images of the mechanism's diagram. Additionally, the software includes exporting capabilities for results to a separate file that can be further used for selecting hydraulic cylinders and pumps, calculating hydraulic systems, and assessing the strength of working equipment components. Originality. Certain rules for numbering mechanism links and joints, as well as methods for indicating the coordinates of the joints and points of application of external forces, have been developed. These rules and methods not only ensure the automatic formation and solution of systems of equations for the mechanism's static equilibrium but also automate the construction of the incidence matrix. Practical value. The developed software and the data representation method proposed by the authors automate the majority of stages in the force calculation of hinge-lever mechanisms for construction machinery. It can be applied not only in the design stage but also before the use of new types of variable working equipment.
Development and improvement of mechanisms for the movement of lifting and transport equipment and earthmoving machinery using modeling methods
Authors: Krupko Valeriy , Krupko Ihor , Rukavishnikov Uriy
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Problem. The article examines issues related to improving the mechanisms of movement for technological machines, such as crane and excavator crawlers. Goal. Based on the analysis of existing studies on the designs of tracked and walking mechanisms, the main directions for their improvement are established and a research methodology is developed, which includes theoretical studies using mathematical models, allowing to substantiate the parameters and design of support elements for the mechanisms and to find ways to improve them. Methodology. For tracked mechanisms, loads on support elements (tracks) are substantiated, and directions for increasing their strength are established. Results. For walking mechanisms of cranes, the design of the support ski surface with additional elements in the form of chevron teeth is substantiated, which increases the coefficient of friction between the ski and the ground. Originality. As a result of the research conducted according to the proposed methodology, ways to increase the strength of tracked links and a design for the ski-ground coupling are found. Practical value. Recommendations are developed for enterprises that operate and produce tracked and walking mechanisms.
Opportunities and limitations of computer simulation of technological machines
Authors: Kyrychenko Igor , Chernikov Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

Problem. Mobile lifts with working platforms have found wide application in various fields of industry. One of the main requirements when designing such machines is to ensure the stability and trouble-free performance of technological operations. The article presents the results of the development of a digital three-dimensional model of such a machine, and also describes virtual studies on controlling the machine's movement at different positions of the running gear. Goal. It was decided to divide the entire set of tasks to be solved into clusters in which it is possible to obtain reliable information with minimal time for the development of the models, as well as with the least load of the software. The main task was to develop a computer model of the running gear to study the maneuverability of the machine. Methodology. Geometric modeling was performed with limited initial data, the properties of the materials used for parts were not taken into account, and welding was not modeled. However, the geometry of the frame and all components was reproduced almost completely in the dimensions and configurations of the real object. Results. The computer model enabled establishing of the dependence of the machine's turning radii from the geometric design parameters of the chassis, as well as from the turning patterns and position of the longitudinal beams. Originality. The computer model made it possible to maneuver in three independent schemes: the classic 4x2 wheeled vehicle turning mechanism, turning with all four wheels (on the front and rear axles in opposite directions), and when all wheels turn in one direction, the so-called "crab stroke". Practical value. The proposed models and algorithms will significantly speed up the design process for this class of vehicles.
Analyzing the possibility of using hiqhtorque hydraulic motors for rotation of the drums of automatic concrete mixers
Authors: Avrunin Grigory , Kyrychenko Igor , Shevchenko Dmitriy , Moroz Irene
Published: October 2023

Goal. The goal is conducting an analysis of the use of hydraulic fluid power for rotating the drums of concrete mixers, in particular, evaluating the possibility of using high-torque low-speed radial-piston hydraulic motors instead of axial-piston motors with planetary gearboxes. The technical level of such hydraulic drives is assessed based on the use of mass to torque and power ratios. The nomenclature, technical characteristics and design features of high-torque hydraulic motors are considered. In particular, compared to previous studies, the nomenclature of the considered hydraulic motors is widespread. Method. The methods of comparative analysis of designs and technical characteristics of axial-piston with planetary gearboxes and high-torque hydraulic motors according to the main technical parameters, in particular, the developing pressure, torque, rotation frequency and power depending on the specific indicators of the mass ratio to the absolute values of these parameters were used. Design features of high-torque hydraulic motors were also considered. Originality. For the first time in the domestic literature, a comparative analysis of the performed high -motion hydraulic motors of the MCR model was carried out. Results and practical usefulness. It is recognized that the modern technical level of high-torque hydraulic motors allows to compete with axial-piston gear hydraulic drives for rotating drums with a concrete mixture of auto-concrete mixers. The given materials will be useful in the educational process for machine-building specialists who study hydraulic fluid power as a means of improving the technical level of various machines and mechanisms.
Energy load of metal brake frictions elements
Authors: Volchenko Oleksandr , Dzhanakhmedov Ahad Khanakhmed ogli , Skrypnik Vasyl , Zhuravlev Dmytro , Andreychikov Yevgen
Published: October 2023

Problem. The mathematical description of the temperature field of the rim of the brake pulley can have both an independent value and be the goal of solving a problem (for example, when calculating the time of heating or forced cooling), and also be used as an auxiliary result for solving another, more complex problem (for example, calculating thermoelastic stresses in brake pulley rim). Goal. The purpose of the work is to assess the energy load of metal friction brake elements during the braking process. Methodology. Solving the tasks involved taking into account the fact that the surface-volume temperatures of the polished working surface of the pulley rim are local when assessing the energy load of the belt pulley rim; surface-volume temperatures are always higher than the "pure" volume temperatures of the pulley rim; polished and matte surfaces of the pulley rim are considered. Results. It is proposed that a new approach to the calculation of local thermal stresses, which is implemented for the first time in the theory of friction and wear. The reliability of the obtained results was confirmed experimentally. Originality. The need to find the non-stationary field in the investigated single- ("pad-pulley") and in multi-pair ("tape-pad" and "pad-pulley") friction nodes is proposed. In the last friction nodes, the friction pads act as insulation between the tape, which is freed from the pads, and the working surface of the brake pulley rim. Practical value. The proposed approach made it possible to establish that the magnitude of stresses on the surface of heat release is almost 5 times greater than in the volume of the pulley rim. At the same time, the nature of the influence of the intensity of heat exchange on the magnitude of stresses is the same as during heating, which leads to a decrease in the formation of cracks on the surface of the pulley rim.
Theoretical determination of the expansion forces of the technological cavity in the soil by wedge-prismatic and conical-cylindrical working bodies
Authors: Posmytyukha Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

Problem. The article deals with the problem of expansion of the technological cavity in the soil (TPG), previously obtained by the method of controlled static piercing, for the laying of underground linear extension objects (LPO) of urban communication networks. Group laying of communications in one cavity requires large holes, which in turn leads to a significant increase in the workforce and dimensions of work equipment. The only way out of such a situation is the use of working bodies (RO) of wedge-prismatic form, gradual expansion of the hole in several stages and change of soil moisture in the walls of the hole cavity. Goal. The main goal is to create a methodology for engineering calculation of the parameters of the wedge-prismatic working bodies and to determine the static expansion efforts of the TPG based on the known initial data on the soil and the shape of the RO. Methodology. The study is based on the theory of the invariance of soil mass before and after piercing. In the process of expanding the TPG to the required size, the density of the soil medium changes from its natural value to a solid state, after which the soil simply moves to a certain distance from the axis of the cavity, compacting the neighboring massifs.  Results. The hypothesis of the interaction of wedge-prismatic tips with the soil during static puncture is substantiated based on the determined law of soil density change along the thickness of the wedge-prismatic tip. Originality. The theoretical dependences for determining the rational parameters of the RO of wedge-prismatic form, the resistance of the sequential expansion of the TPG for the LPO after the starting passage of the leading hole, or the cavities of the primary expansion were obtained. Practical value.  A method of determining the penetration force of the TPG for LPO after the leading pass is proposed, taking into account the elastic (reverse) deformations of the soil, its moisture, the shape of the RO, and the characteristics of the power equipment, as the difference between the full and pilot resistance of the soil puncture, as well as recommendations on the possibility of reduction o these forces by changing the shape of work equipment or soil moisture.
Predicting Tumour Progression of ID-8 Syngeneic Mouse Ovarian Cancer with Blood Biomarkers of CA-125, IL-6 and VEGF: A Prospective Laboratory-Based Study
Authors: Chitcholtan Kenny , Dyer Arron , Sykes Peter
Published: October 2023

Background: A preclinical animal model is an imperative tool for uncovering and understanding the tumourigenic hallmarks of human ovarian cancer; the disease is often lethal because it is commonly diagnosed in the advanced stage, where widespread cancer nodules mainly reside within peritoneal regions. Mouse models as a xenograft tumour host or genetic manipulation ovarian cancer-derived mice are widely used for studying specific hypothesis rationale in ovarian cancer. However, limited information associated with disease progression is obtained from such studies; whether it is the best model to study advanced ovarian cancer phenotype or suitable preclinical biomarkers for detecting and monitoring ovarian cancer progression is under study. This study used an ID-8 syngeneic mouse ovarian cancer model with immunocompetence. We monitored cancer growth and development using combination modalities of cancer-specific cancer antigen-125 (CA-125), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) blood markers, which are well-known for their association with tumour progression in humans. Methods: Ten C57/BL6 female mice were intraperitoneally implanted with ID-8 Trp53 wild-type and monitored the progression of the tumour, until mice developed clinical ascites. Blood was taken at the time of intraperitoneal (IP) implantation (Day 0) and then collected weekly, and levels of biomarkers were analysed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, tumour tissue was collected and proceeded with histological staining. Results: We found that blood biomarkers CA-125, IL-6 and VEGF were not readily correlated with tumour progression. However, these biomarkers were markedly elevated in ascitic fluid at the advanced stage of the disease. Conclusions: We conclude that blood biomarkers in a syngeneic mouse model are, to some extent, not readily found in the blood as opposed to human ovarian cancer. Model anatomical and physiological differences between rodents and humans might explain this discrepancy.
Is Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) a Negative Predictor of Repeated Implantation Failure?
Authors: Günday Özlem Kayacık , Aldemir Oya , Özelçi Runa , Dilbaz Serdar , Başer Emre , Tekin Özlem Moraloğlu
Published: October 2023

Background: Repeated implantation failure (RIF) after in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) can be a devastating reality for some patients with infertility. Our objective was to evaluate the potential role of the complete blood count (CBC) parameters, on treatment outcome in patients with repeated IVF implantation failure. Methods: This retrospective clinical study, involving a total of 173 patients, consisted of 64 patients with RIF who underwent a fresh IVF-ET cycle, underwent 3 or more IVF cycles, and 109 patients in the control group who became pregnant in the first IVF-ET cycle. Results: Duration of infertility, number of grade 2 embryos and red cell distribution width (RDW) were significantly higher in RIF patients (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.02). The number of 2 pronucleus (PN) showed a significant positive correlation with the fertilization rate (FR) (r: 0.6; p < 0.001). To understand the effects of CBC parameters on FR, the model established with the number of RDW, number of grade 2 embryos and the number of 2 PN proved to be significant (ANOVA, p < 0.001). Conclusions: RIF patients have higher RDW, longer duration of infertility, and higher number of grade 2 embryos. Elevated RDW may negatively impact FR. The number of 2 PN increased FR.
A Conserved Domain of HCV E2 Glycoprotein Interacts with Human CD81 and Induces Interferon-Gamma Secretion from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Dai Zhiyan , Zeng Wei , Li Gang , Shu Xin
Published: October 2023

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health threat to the public, and vaccines against it are not yet available. The HCV envelope glycoprotein E2 is a key target for anti-HCV vaccines. The majority of previous studies have focused on the hypervariable region and the glycosylation sites of the_HCV structural protein. This study aims to investigate a conserved domain of HCV E2 glycoprotein and explore its potential to induce an immune response against HCV. Methods: HCV E2 conserved domain (encompassing amino acids 505–702) was prepared in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from patients with HCV or healthy controls. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay was conducted to examine the HCV E2-specific immune response as reflected by IFN-γ-secreting cells/106 PBMCs. Results: HCV E2 conserved domain was highly conserved among 25 HCV subtypes, and its recombinant soluble production in E. coli was recognized by anti-HCV E2 monoclonal antibodies. This study characterized in vitro direct interaction between bacterially expressed HCV E2 conserved domain and human CD81 (hCD81). Furthermore, the recombinant HCV E2_conserved domain markedly induced the production of IFN-γ by PBMCs from patients with HCV. Its stimulated specific immune response was significantly different from non-specific peptide controls or PBMCs isolated from healthy controls. Conclusions: HCV E2 conserved domain directly binds hCD81 and activates the production of IFN-γ in the PBMCs of patients with HCV. Therefore, the conserved domain of HCV E2 glycoprotein may be a new candidate for developing an HCV vaccine.
Rapid Detection and Analysis of Raman Spectra of Bacteria in Multiple Fields of View Based on Image Stitching Technique
Authors: Dou Xiaohui , Yang Fengna , Wang Nan , Xue Ying , Hu Haoran , Li Bei
Published: October 2023

Background: Due to antibiotic abuse, the problem of bacterial resistance is becoming increasingly serious, and rapid detection of bacterial resistance has become an urgent issue. Because under the action of antibiotics, different active bacteria have different metabolism of heavy water, antibiotic resistance of bacteria can be identified according to the existence of a C-D peak in the 2030–2400 cm-1 range in the Raman spectrum. Methods: To ensure data veracity, a large number of bacteria need to be detected, however, due to the limitation of the field of view of the high magnification objective, the number of single cells in a single field of view is very small. By combining an image stitching algorithm, image recognition algorithm, and processing of Raman spectrum and peak-seeking algorithm, can identify and locate single cells in multiple fields of view at one time and can discriminate whether they are Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Results: In experiments 1 and 2, 2706 bacteria in 9 × 11 fields of view and 2048 bacteria in 11 × 11 fields of view were detected. Results showed that in experiment 1, there are 1137 antibiotic-resistant bacteria, accounting for 42%, and 1569 sensitive bacteria, accounting for 58%. In experiment 2, there are 1087 antibiotic-resistant bacteria, accounting for 53%, and 961 sensitive bacteria, accounting for 47%. It showed excellent performance in terms of speed and recognition accuracy as compared to traditional manual detection approaches. And solves the problems of low accuracy of data, a large number of manual experiments, and low efficiency due to the small number of single cells in the high magnification field of view and different peak-seeking parameters of different Raman spectra. Conclusions: The detection and analysis method of bacterial Raman spectra based on image stitching can be used for unattended, automatic, rapid and accurate detection of single cells at high magnification with multiple fields of view. With the characteristics of automatic, high-throughput, rapid, and accurate identification, it can be used as an unattended, universal and non-invasive means to measure antibiotic-resistant bacteria to screen for effective antibiotics, which is of great importance for studying the persistence and spread of antibiotics in bacterial pathogens.
The Role and Application of the AMPK-Sirtuins Network in Cellular Senescence
Authors: Han Yukun , Liu Yifan , Zhang Yanhua , Wang Wei , Lv Tongtong , Huang Jinbai , Peng Xiaochun
Published: October 2023

Aging and related diseases significantly affect the health and happiness index around the world. Cellular senescence is the basis of physiological aging and is closely related to various senile diseases. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is associated with both the regulation of cellular energy metabolism and the regulation of cellular senescence. Another set of proteins, sirtuins, has also been demonstrated to play an important role in cell senescence. However, it is not clear how AMPK and sirtuins coordinate to regulate cellular senescence. Herein, we summarized the role of AMPK and sirtuins in regulating metabolism, repairing DNA damage, and even prolonging human life. We have provided a detailed explanation of the clinical trials relating to the AMPK and sirtuins involved in aging. Systematically analyzing individual senescence genes and developing functional reference notes will aid in understanding the potential mechanisms underlying aging and identify therapeutic targets for both anti-aging interventions and age-related illnesses.
Identification of a lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA Network in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Su Lining , Zhang Yixuan , Wang Yanbing , Wei Huiping
Published: October 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) occurs in the elderly and pre-elderly, characterized by decline of memory, cognitive dysfunction, impairment of learning capacity, and motor dysfunction. Recently a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network has been found to be related to AD progression, but there is still little understanding of the ceRNA regulatory network in AD. This study aims to explore the important regulatory mechanisms of ceRNA regulatory networks containing long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in AD. Methods: Data from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database were used for the analysis. To study enrichment function for the upregulated and downregulated mRNAs, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed using the Metascape database, respectively. Based on the STRING database and Cytoscape software 3.9.1, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The hub genes in this network were identified utilizing the CytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape. The TargetScan, miRWalk, and miRDB were selected to calculate the regulatory interaction between miRNAs and the hub genes. LncRNAs were predicted using RNA22. Additionally, circRNA prediction was executed using the circBank database. Results: 711 downregulated and 670 upregulated overlapping mRNAs were identified between AD and control samples. 32 downregulated and 340 upregulated miRNAs were obtained from AD samples compared with control samples. 78 upregulated and 205 downregulated circRNAs were screened. 275 upregulated lncRNAs and 209 downregulated lncRNAs were found between AD samples and control samples. The PPI network constructed consists of 1016 nodes and 13,946 edges. Ten hub genes were selected to identify target miRNAs and ceRNAs. On the basis of the ceRNA hypothesis, a circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was established. It included five lncRNAs (TRHDE-AS1, SNHG10, OIP5-AS, LINC00926 and LINC00662), 26 circRNAs, five miRNAs (hsa-miR-3158-3p, hsa-miR-4435, hsa-let-7d-3p, hsa-miR-330-5p and hsa-miR-3605-3p), and ten mRNAs (RPL11, RPL34, RPL21, RPL22, RPL6, RPL32, RPL24, RPL35, RPL31, and RPL35A). RPL35 and RPL35A were found to be significantly associated with AD pathology in tau and Aβ line AD models by the AlzData database. The study discovered the significance of several lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axes and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axes that included RPL35A and RPL35. Conclusions: ceRNAs were found to be important regulators in the development of AD and provide potential biological therapy targets for AD management.
"Farada" Fiilinin Anlamı ile İlgili Meal ve Tefsirlerdeki Belirsizlikler ve Çözüm Önerisi
Authors: TİYEK Fatih , PAK Zekeriya
Published: October 2023

Meal ve tefsirler, Kur’ân’ı anlama çabasında olan insanlar için her daim önemli bir işlev görmüştür. Zira meal ve tefsirler aracılığıyla birçok ayetteki kapalılıklar, belirsizlikler giderilmekte; açık, gerekçeli ve gerekti-ğinde ayrıntılı bilgiler ile muhatabın anlaması kolaylaşmaktadır. Ancak bazı ayet ve kelimelerin doğru anlaşılmasının önünde engel teşkil eden çeşitli problemler de bulunmaktadır. Bazen bizatihi meal ve tef-sirlerin ayetlerdeki kelime ve terkiplerin tercüme ya da izahında sundukları çoklu ve karışık bilgiler, muha-tabın tereddüt yaşamasına sebep olabilmektedir. Bu duruma örnek sayılabilecek kelimelerden biri “fara-da” fiilidir. Fiile verilen “farz kılma” anlamının içinde bulunduğu ayet için açık ve anlaşılır bir cümle kur-maya imkân vermemesi veya hakkında çok çeşitli ihtimallerin gündeme gelmesi muhatabın onun anlamı hakkında doğru ve kesin bir kanaat oluşturmasını zorlaştırmaktadır. İşte bu çalışmada fiilin yer aldığı ayetlerin meal ve tefsirlerdeki anlamları ele alınarak hem mevcut durumun ve önerilen anlamların yeter-sizliği ortaya konmaya hem de gerekçeleriyle birlikte onun için “gönülden yapma, helal kılma, lütfetme” anlamlarının uygunluğu temellendirilmeye çalışılacaktır. Çözüm önerisi olarak sunulan bu anlamlar saye-sinde, ilave izah ve kelimelere ihtiyaç duyulmadan sadece fiilin lafzına bağlı kalınarak da muhatabın anla-masının mümkün olduğu ispat edilecektir. Fiil ile ilgili anlam istikrarı yakalanacaktır. Çalışmada ayrıca bir kelimeye verilen doğru anlamın cümleye etkisine, anlam istikrarının ve tutarlılığın önemine ve belirsizlik, kapalılık gibi anlamayı zorlaştırıcı etkenlerin sonuçlarına işaretler de bulunacaktır. Böylece Kur’ân’daki bir kelimenin ve ayetin anlaşılması çabasında hangi hususlara dikkat edileceği ile ilgili bir farkındalığa da katkı sağlanmış olacaktır.
Bakara 2/6. Ayetinin Tefsir Tarihindeki İzdüşümü
Authors: DİLEK Burcu
Published: October 2023

Tefsir tarihi boyunca içerik ve yazım yöntemi olarak tefsirlerde farklılıklar meydana gelmiştir. İslâmî ilimlerin diğer alanlarında incelenen farklı konu ve nazariyelere dair tartışmalar zamanla tefsirleri de etkilemiştir. Erken dönemde daha çok rivayet ve lügat üzerinden yürütülen tefsir faaliyeti sonraki asırlarda değişim göstermiş ve bunlara ilaveten müfessirler usûl, fıkıh, kelâm gibi farklı ilimlerin bilgilerine de tefsirlerinde yer vermişlerdir. Özellikle şerh-hâşiye literatürü incelendiğinde muhaşşînin entelektüel ilgisi ve birikimine göre değişiklik göstermekle birlikte bu etki daha net olarak fark edilmektedir. Söz konusu değişim zaman içerisinde tefsirin mahiyetine ilişkin bazı tartışmalarda etkili olmuştur. Ayrıca müfessirin bilmesi gereken ilimlere dair yapılan değerlendirmelerle de bu değişim ilişkili sayılmıştır. Dolayısıyla literatürdeki bahsi geçen değişimin bir yönüyle de olsa ortaya koyulması tefsir tarihine ilişkin vereceği fikir açısından önem arz etmektedir. Kur’ân’ın tüm ayetlerinin böyle bir değişim süreci açısından tek bir çalışmada incelenmesi, makalenin sınırlarını aşan bir teşebbüs olacaktır. Dolayısıyla bu makalede bahsedilen değişimin, Bakara 2/6. ayeti bağlamında tefsirdeki yansıması incelenmektedir. Böylece ayetin yorumunda meydana gelen değişimin hem zaman hem de yazım yöntemi açısından tespit edilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Bunun sonucunda özellikle Fahreddin Râzî, Ebussuûd Efendi, Âlûsî’nin tefsirleri gibi eserlerde, erken dönem tefsirlerinden farklı olarak ayetlerin diğer disiplinler açısından detaylı şekilde te’vîl edildiği görülmüştür. Envârü’t-tenzîl ve el-Keşşâf hâşiyelerinin bazılarında da bu yöntemin zaman zaman daha detaylı bir şekilde sürdürüldüğü tespit edilmiştir.
Representatives of the Soviet scientific school of criminal law on punishment for the crime committed
Authors: Martynenko Natalia
Published: October 2023

In this article the scientists who contributed to Soviet criminal law science are called on the problem of punishment in criminal law. It also provides a brief bibliographic data of scientists, the main works and draws a similar conclusion that the Soviet school of criminal law, although it was not formalized in Soviet times in the way it is now, but, nevertheless, de facto - it was a real scientific school of criminal law rights and works written by representatives of this school are still in demand.
Features of demographic development of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North of the KhMAO in 2002–2022
Authors: Rostovskaya Tamara , Plekhanova Lilya , Sitkovskiy Arseniy
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the demographic indicators of the indigenous peoples of the North of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra for the period 2002-2022. The demographic processes of the municipalities of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, gender and age characteristics, medical and demographic indicators are analyzed, trends in the development of the demographic situation of both the region as a whole and the indigenous peoples of the North are identified. The issues of state regulation in the field of socio-economic development of the indigenous peoples of the North are studied, conclusions are drawn regarding the prospects for the dynamics of the demographic processes of the indigenous peoples, as well as the prospects for sustainable positive socio-economic development of the indigenous peoples of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra.
National cultural symbols and their connotations in drama, film and television art design in China
Authors: Jingya Xue , Jiaxiao Zhang , Xiaojuan Zhang
Published: October 2023

This paper analyzes the expression form and charm of Chinese cultural symbols in drama, film and television art design.
The historical evolution of educational technology: from the printing press to online education
Authors: Li Shu
Published: October 2023

This article is devoted to the historical evolution of educational technology, from the printing revolution of the 15th century to the rise of modern online education, reviewing how the printing press triggered the democratization of education and laid the foundations for the establishment of a public education system; examines in detail how advances in electronic technology in the 20th century, including television and computers, have greatly expanded the scope of education; examines the development of online education made quality educational resources accessible to students worldwide.
Political, economic and organizational conditions of the Soviet Union’s military assistance to the Republic of China in 1937–1941
Authors: Lubkov Alexey , Novikov Mikhail
Published: October 2023

The publication discusses issues related to the definition by the Soviet Union of conditions of a political, economic and organizational nature before and during the provision of military assistance to the Republic of China in 1937-1941.
Suplementasi Tepung Kunyit (Curcuma domestica) dalam Ransum Terhadap Karakteristik Organoleptik Telur Ayam Ras
Authors: Romadoni Muhammad Iqbal , Kaharuddin Desia , Kususiyah
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of turmeric flour supplementation in the ration on the organoleptic characteristics of purebred chicken eggs.  Forty chickens aged 36 weeks were randomly distributed into four treatments, each treatment consisting of 10 tests, with a  Complete Randomized Design.  Treatment (P0) without turmeric flour supplementation, the other treatment was turmeric flour supplementation successively P1: 0.75%;  P2:  1.50% and P3:  2.25%. The variables observed included the color of the yolk, taste, aroma (smell), and texture of the egg that had been boiled. Observation of the organoleptic characteristics of eggs is carried out in the ninth week after the administration of turmeric flour.  The data obtained are tabulated and further discussed descriptively. The results showed that turmeric flour supplementation in the ration against the egg yolk color score ranged from 3.35-3.70, taste 3.18-3.34, smell/aroma 3.14-3.20, and texture 3.08-3.17. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that turmeric flour supplementation (Curcuma domestica) up to the level of 2.25% in the ration is only able to improve the color characteristics of the yolk from a bit like to like but does not decrease the taste characteristics, aroma/smell and texture of purebred chicken eggs after boiling.
 
Key words: Supplementation, Turmeric Flour, Organoleptic Characteristics 
 
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi tepung kunyit dalam ransum terhadap karakteristik organoleptik telur ayam ras.  Ayam umur 36 minggu (46 ekor) didistribusikan secara Acak ke dalam empat perlakuan, masing-masing perlakuan terdiri 10 ulangan, dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan (P0) tanpa suplementasi tepung kunyit, perlakuan lainnya adalah suplementasi tepung kunyit berturut-turut  P1: 0,75%; P2 : 1,50% dan P3 : 2,25%. Variabel yang diamati yaitu warna kuning telur, rasa, aroma (bau), dan tekstur telur yang sudah direbus. Pengamatan karakteristik organoleptik  telur dilakukan pada minggu ke sembilan setelah pemberian tepung kunyit. Data yang diperoleh ditabulasi, dibahas secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi tepung kunyit dalam ransum terhadap skor  warna kuning telur berkisar 3,35-3,70, rasa 3,18-3,34, bau/aroma 3,14-3,20, dan tekstur 3,08-3,17. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi tepung kunyit (Curcuma domestica) sampai level 2,25% dalam ransum hanya mampu meningkatkan karakteristik warna kuning telur dari agak suka menjadi suka tetapi tidak menurunkan karakteristik  rasa, aroma/bau dan tekstur telur ayam ras setelah direbus.
Upaya Peningkatan Konsumsi Protein Hewani Asal Ternak di Indonesia
Authors: Santoso Urip
Published: October 2023

The literature review aims to discuss the energy and protein adequacy rate in Indonesia. The results of the study shows that the protein consumption of the Indonesian population per capita per day in 2020 was 61.98 g. Of the 61.98 g protein consumption, 8.43 g came from marine products such as fish, shrimp, squid and shellfish, 4.05 g from meat and 3.47 g from eggs and milk. Thus, the consumption of animal protein originating from livestock in Indonesia was on average 7.52 g per capita per day. Efforts to increase consumption of animal protein from livestock can be done by increasing awareness of nutrition as well as community income and community business efficiency. Efforts to increase consumption is the responsibility of not only the government but also all members of society. It could be concluded that increasing consumption of animal protein from livestock needs to be carried out intensively by the government and the community.
 
Key words: consumption of protein from livestock, nutrition awareness, community income, nutrition campaign
 
ABSTRAK
Telaah pustaka ini bertujuan untuk membahas angka kecukupan energi dan protein di Provinsi Bengkulu. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi protein penduduk Indonesia per kapita per hari pada tahun 2020 adalah sebanyak 61,98 g. Dari 61,98 g konsumsi protein, 8,43 g berasal dari produk laut seperti ikan, udang, cumi dan kerang, 4,05 g dari daging dan 3,47 g dari telur dan susu. Jadi konsumsi protein hewani asal ternak penduduk Indonesia rata-rata sebesar 7,52 g per kapita per hari. Upaya peningkatan konsumsi protein hewani asal ternak dapat dilakukan dengan cara meningkatkan kesadaran gizi sekaligus pendapatan masyarakat serta efisiensi usaha masyarakat. Upaya peningkatan konsumsi ini merupakan tanggungjawab bukan saja pemerintah tetapi juga semua anggota masyarakat. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan konsumsi protein hewani asal ternak perlu dilakukan intensif oleh pemerintah dan masyarakat.