bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Israel’s war on journalism: A Kiwi journalist’s response
Authors: Rose Jeremy
Published: July 2024

Whether it is termed as ‘self-defence’ or ‘mowing the lawn’, the Israel Defence Force (IDF) has common phrases to describe its ongoing attacks on the besieged Palestine enclave of Gaza. The phrases obscure the devastation of death and disaster in the 2023/24 genocidal war on Gaza. While global reports have tended to focus on the horrendous and rapid climb of civilian casualties, especially women and children, Gaza has also claimed the worst ever death rate of journalists, many apparently targeted by the IDF because of their profession. Journalists in this article argue that it is time to ‘call these [Israeli state] terrorists by their true name: enablers of genocide.’
REVIEW: A grim year ahead, but some cause for optimism
Authors: Cass Philip
Published: July 2024

Journalism, Media, and Technology Trends and Predictions 2024, by Nic Newman. Oxford: Reuters Institute. 2024. 46 pages. DOI: 10.60625/risj-0s9w-z770
EVERY day more and more online content is disappearing behind paywalls as publishers try to protect their dwindling revenues. Whether readers confronted by paywalls will bother to subscribe or simply seek the information elsewhere—or just give up and look at another Beyonce listicle—is one of the scenarios prompted by the appearance of the latest set of predictions about the future from the Reuters Institute.
REVIEW: Defending the right to confidential sources and whistleblowers
Authors: Robie David
Published: July 2024

Journalists and Confidential Sources: Colliding Public Interests in the Age of the Leak, by Joseph M Fernandez. Routledge Research on Journalism Series. Abingdon, UK: Routledge, 2021. 287 pages. ISBN 9780367474126
IN 2015, media law professor Joseph M. Fernandez co-authored a comprehensive article for Pacific Journalism Review (Fernandez & Pearson, 2015) about the status of Australia’s shield law regime, drawing on his research to see whether it met journalists’ expectations and whistleblower needs in an era of unprecedented official capabilities. It didn’t, as can be seen from growing concerns over court cases that, according to the peak journalists’ organisation Media, Entertainment and Arts Alliance (MEAA), ‘clearly demonstrate Australia’s patchy and desperate journalist shields fail to do their job’.
Media fuss over stranded tourists, but Kanaks face existential struggle
Authors: Doyle Eugene
Published: July 2024

Commentary: For two weeks in May 2024, protests by pro-independence indigenous Kanaks in the French Pacific territory of New Caledonia erupted into a wave of rioting; erection of barricades; and burning of factories, shops and homes with the deaths of seven people – five Melanesians and two gendarmes. Since the late 1980s the Kanak independence movement had been consistently engaging with the 1988 Matignon then 1998 Nouméa Accords with Paris in an evolving process as part of their struggle for self-determination. The Nouméa Accord set out a framework for transferring power to the people of New Caledonia, through a series of three referenda. However, after France moved to unilaterally break with the Accords and declare independence as being off the table that the country returned to a state of unrest. This article recalls the influence of one of the leaders of the 1980s upheaval, Éloi Machoro.
Analisis Tingkat Kegagalan dan Perbaikan pada Mesin Impact Crusher: Pendekatan Perawatan Proaktif
Authors: Siswanto Yudi , Wijayanto Hendi Lilih
Published: July 2024

Mesin Impact Crusher adalah jenis mesin penghancur yang digunakan untuk mengubah ukuran material menjadi lebih kecil dengan cara memanfaatkan energi kinetik dari palu atau batang yang berputar dengan kecepatan tinggi. Penggunaan mesin ini memungkinkan proses penghancuran material menjadi lebih efisien dan efektif, sehingga sangat penting dalam berbagai industri yang membutuhkan pengolahan material padat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis menyeluruh terhadap tingkat kegagalan yang sering terjadi pada mesin impact crusher dan mengembangkan pendekatan perawatan proaktif yang efektif. Metodologi penelitian disusun secara sistematis sehingga setiap tahap memiliki kaitan erat antar tahap lainya. Dengan perancangan metodelogi penelitian yang sistematis diharapkan juga menjadikan penelitian yang akan dilakukan menjadi lebih terarah untuk mencapai tujuan sebagaimana yang diharapkan dalam perumusan tujuan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jumlah kegagalan dan jam operasi selama 12 bulan, serta rata-rata tingkat kegagalan dan MTBF. Total kegagalan selama 12 bulan adalah 23, dan total jam operasi selama 12 bulan adalah 8.460 jam. Rata-rata tingkat kegagalan selama 12 bulan adalah 2,7 kegagalan per 1.000 jam, dan rata-rata MTBF selama 12 bulan adalah 368 jam. Data tersebut menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kegagalan mesin impact crusher bervariasi setiap bulannya.
Analisa Hasil Sambungan Las ( Pipa STKM 13B Dan Plat SPH 440) Dengan Pengujian Tarik dan Photomacro
Authors: Fikri Luqman , Simamora Yulianto , Priyadi Muhammad Untung Zaenal , Saleh Yasya Khalif Perdana , Zaenudin Mohammad , Mulyono Sidik , Gamayel Adhes , Triwiyanto Askar , Jujur I nyoman
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTGMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) is a fast, versatile welding technique that can be used in various positions, but it often results porosity in welded joints.This research aims to analysis of the welded joints of STKM13B pipe and SPD 440 plate using tensile and micro testing, using welding a current of 18 and varying voltages of 110, 130, and 150. The results is the shape of the welded joint of the plate and pipe is perfectly connected, the tensile test results showed that the ultimate strength values for specimen 1, 2, 3 (A110/V18, A130/V18, A150/V18) were (18,959, 27,886, 40,005 N) respectively. The highest ultimate strength values were obtained from the specimens (A150/V18) while the lowest ultimate strength value was obtained from specimen (A110/V18). The use of welding current strongly correlates with ultimate strength value and photomacro results, with higher currents resulting in higher density levels, minimizing porosity, and increasing ultimate strength. Keywords: GMAW Welding, Tensile Test, Macro Optical Test.
Identifikasi Unjuk Kerja Mesin 4 Langkah Variasi Busi dan Koil Pengapian
Authors: Muhammad Rouf , Ardika Rizki Dwi , Soumi Andi Ibrahim , Pramanda Wibi , Safi'i Muhamad
Published: July 2024

The most critical component of a motorcycle's combustion process is the spark plug, which fires sparks for the ignition system. In this research, the performance of several spark plug electrode gap diameters and materials was varied to detect how much they affected engine performance, fuel consumption, and emissions. Engine testing was conducted on a 110-cc four-stroke engine. Nickel material spark plugs with a gap dimension of 0.9 mm, platinum material spark plugs with a gap dimension of 0.8 mm, iridium material spark plugs with a gap dimension of 0.7 mm, and two types of ignition coils. The test findings indicated that there is a spark plug with an appropriate gap for engine performance in the form of torque and power in the B2 configuration, which has a gap of 0.8 mm. Increasing the spark plug gap produces a loss in engine performance, but it also increases it. There is an optimal point of fuel consumption in configuration B2, where raising the spark plug gap decreases fuel consumption while increasing the spark plug gap increases fuel consumption. Exhaust emissions likewise experience an optimal point in configuration B2, when exhaust emissions rise as long as the spark plug gap is increased once more, HC and CO levels decrease with an increasing spark plug gap. To examine the study on the impact of spark plugs with electrode gaps and ignition coils on engine performance, fuel consumption, and emissions. This can provide insight into a reference technique for using spark plugs and ignition coils.
Hubungan antara Harga Diri dan Kepercayaan Diri dengan Motivasi Berprestasi Siswa SMA
Authors: Indriana Yeniar , Fadhlurrohman Muhammad Dzikron
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between self-esteem and self-confidence to achievement motivation and also to find out the effective contribution given by the independent variable to the dependent variable. The study population consists of high school students majoring in science in grade XI, aged between 17 and 19 years. Eleventh grade science students were chosen because they already had sufficient self-esteem and self-confidence and were considered to have better achievements. Cluster random sampling was employed to select a research sample of 140 students. The scaled used in this study includes a self-esteem scale, a self-confidence scale, and an achievement motivation scale. This study uses multiple regression analysis because it uses two independent variables and one dependent variable. The study found that self-esteem and self-confidence have a partial and simultaneous influence on achievement motivation variables. The variables of self-esteem and self-confidence made a significant contribution of 18.7% to the achievement motivation variable. The variable of self-esteem has a greater influence on the achievement motivation variable, at 13.5%, compared to the variable of self-confidence, which has an influence of 5.2%. This study shows that a student's self-esteem and self-confidence can impact their motivation to achieve.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara harga diri dan kepercayaan diri terhadap motivasi berprestasi dan juga mencari tahu sumbangan efektif yang diberikan oleh variabel bebas terhadap variabel tergantung. Populasi penelitian ini merupakan siswa kelas XI SMA jurusan IPA yang berusia 17-19 tahun. Dipilihnya siswa kelas XI jurusan IPA dengan karena mereka sudah memiliki harga diri dan kepercayaan diri yang cukup dan dianggap memiliki prestasi yang lebih baik. Cluster random sampling digunakan pada penelitian ini untuk mencari sampel penelitian dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 140 siswa. Skala yang digunakan sebagai alat ukur pada penelitian ini adalah skala harga diri, skala kepercayaan diri dan skala motivasi berprestasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda karena melibatkan dua variabel bebas dan satu variabel tergantung. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil variabel harga diri dan kepercayaan diri baik secara parsial dan simultan memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel motivasi berprestasi. Variabel harga diri dan kepercayaan diri memberi sumbangan efektif sebesar 18,7% terhadap variabel motivasi berprestasi. Secara persial variabel harga diri memberi pengaruh lebih besar, yaitu sebesar 13,5% dibandingkan variabel kepercayaan diri sebesar 5,2% terhadap variabel motivasi berprestasi. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa harga diri dan kepercayaan diri yang dimiliki oleh siswa berpengaruh terhadap motivasi berprestasi mereka.
Peran Gratitude Sebagai Mediator Antara Perceived Teacher’s Social Support dan Purpose in Life Pada Remaja
Authors: Aisah Nurul , Yuliawati Livia
Published: July 2024

During adolescence, students begin to develop purpose in life and strategies to achieve them. The perceived social support of teachers is an initial stimulus for students to discover life goals. However, gratitude can also be a positive predictor for students to reflect on support, experiences, and challenges to find purpose in life that have an impact on the environment. The present study focused on examining the effect of perceived teachers' social support on purpose in life with gratitude as the mediator variable. This study used quantitative methods with a mediation design. The participants in this study were 204 SMA/MA/SMK students in grades 10-12, aged 15-18 years, and domiciled in Indonesia. Data collection used accidental sampling and snowball sampling where questionnaires were distributed online through social media. Data analysis was conducted using JASP 0.14.1 and hypothesis testing through mediation analysis with a causal steps model. The results of the mediation analysis showed that perceived teachers' social support has a significant influence on purpose in life through gratitude as a mediator variable, but the resulting mediation effect is partial. The implications of this research can help the school environment, especially teachers, in helping students find a meaningful purpose in life.Pada usia remaja, pelajar mulai merancang purpose in life dan strategi untuk mencapainya. Adanya perceived teacher’s social support menjadi stimulus awal bagi pelajar untuk menemukan purpose in life. Akan tetapi gratitude juga dapat menjadi prediktor positif bagi pelajar untuk merefleksikan dukungan, pengalaman, dan tantangan untuk menemukan purpose in life yang berdampak bagi lingkungan. Melalui penelitian ini, peneliti berfokus untuk menguji pengaruh perceived teacher’s social support terhadap purpose in life dengan gratitude sebagai variabel mediator. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain mediasi. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah pelajar SMA/MA/SMK kelas 10-12, berusia 15-18 tahun, dan berdomisili di Indonesia. Pengambilan data menggunakan accidental sampling dimana kuesioner disebarkan secara online melalui media sosial. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan JASP 0.14.1 dan uji hipotesis melalui analisis mediasi dengan model causal steps. Hasil analisis mediasi menunjukkan perceived teacher’s social support memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap purpose in life melalui gratitude sebagai variabel mediator, tetapi efek mediasi yang dihasilkan bersifat parsial. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini dapat membantu lingkungan sekolah terutama guru dalam mendampingi siswa menemukan purpose in life yang bermakna.
Potential innovations from the application of beneficial soil microbes to promote sustainable crop production
Authors: Chukwuneme Chinenyenwa Fortune ,   Cell Biology and Regeneration Unit, Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences, Vaal University of Technology, Gauteng, South Africa. Corresponding author: Olubukola.babalola@nwu.ac.za., Ayangbenro Ayansina Segun , Venturi Vittori , Glick Bernard R. , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti ,   Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa. Corresponding author: Olubukola.babalola@nwu.ac.za.,   International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy; African Genome Center, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco. Corresponding author: Olubukola.babalola@nwu.ac.za.,   Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Corresponding author: Olubukola.babalola@nwu.ac.za.,   Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa. Email: Olubukola.babalola@nwu.ac.za.
Published: July 2024

Crop productivity may be significantly inhibited by factors, such as increased temperature, soil erosion, pathogen and pest attacks, and drought and salt stresses, mostly resulting from global climate change. However, microorganisms that are found in the rhizosphere can aid in the mobilization of essential soil nutrients, facilitate plant growth, and reduce abiotic and biotic stresses of plants. Soil microbes accomplish these beneficial functions via several mechanisms. Here, an elaborate description of the molecular mechanisms of plant growth-promotion by soil microbes and the potential of these organisms to be used as biofertilizers and biopesticides to improve plant health is provided. In addition, the possible revolution that could be realized by the synergism of these beneficial microbes with nanotechnology is discussed. While the use of biofertilizers to enhance plant growth has been demonstrated to be a beneficial phenomenon, this approach has often failed to yield the desired result in field applications. However, identifying microbial species with beneficial attributes and combining them with nanotechnology tools like nanoencapsulation and biosensors could lead to the formulation of important agriproducts (nanobiopesticides and nanobiofertilizers) that will ensure sustained delivery of the agriproducts and facilitate early detection and proper management of plant pests and diseases. It is anticipated that precision farming will improve agricultural sustainability by increasing crop production for the steadily increasing world population.
Keywords: biofertilizers, secondary metabolites, nanoencapsulation, quorum sensing, volatile organic compounds, sustainable agriculture.
LES MÉTAMORPHOSES D’APULÉE 1. LE SCÉNARIO INITIATIQUE ARCHÉTYPAL
Authors: BRAGA Corin
Published: July 2024

Apuleius’ Metamorphoses. 1. The Archetypal Initiation Pattern. In this paper I apply a concept I have coined and defined – the anarchetype – to the ancient Greek and Latin novel, more specifically to Apuleius’ Metamorphoses. The text suffers, in my view, from the tension between two contrary formal tendencies, one which is archetypal, another which is anarchetypal. The first structural constraint is the archetypal one. In contrast to the popular narrative Onos, that Apuleius takes as his epic source, The Golden Ass receives a strong organizing pattern, that of an initiation journey. Transformed by mistake, within a sorcery ritual, into an ass, Lucius suffers a series of adventures and encounters with different mystery and philosophical cults (Dea Syria, Dionysos, Isis, Medio-platonism) which bring him back to the human, and then divine condition. This rite of passage offers an archetypal structure to the novel.
 
Metamorfozele lui Apuleius. 1. Modelul arhetipic al inițierii. Doresc în acest studiu să aplic un concept pe care l-am creat și l-am definit – cel de anarhetip – romanului grec și latin antic, cu precădere Metamorfozelor lui Apuleius. În opinia mea, textul e marcat de tensiunea dintre două tendințe formale contrare, una arhetipală cealaltă anarhetipală. În această primă parte a studiului voi analiza tendința structurală arhetipală. În contrast cu povestirea populară Onos din care se inspiră Apuleius, Măgarul de aur primește din partea autorului un pattern structural puternic, cel al călătoriei inițiatice. Transformat din greșeală, în cadrul unui ritual vrăjitoresc, într-un măgar, Lucius trece printr-o serie de aventuri și întâlniri cu diferite culte de mistere și filosofice (Dea Syria, Dionysos, Isis, medio-platonism) care îl aduc înapoi la condiția umană și apoi la cea divină. Acest rit de trecere îi conferă romanului o structură arhetipală.
Cuvinte-cheie: Romanul antic grec și latin; Apuleius, Metamorfozele, Culte de mistere; călătorie inițiatică; arhetip; anarhetip.
Article history: Received 01 April 2024; Revised 03 June 2024; Accepted 05 June 2024; Available online 25 June 2024;
Available print 30 June 2024.
IONESCU-IONESCO, VOIX D’UN EXILÉ ? PROPOSITION D’UNE RELECTURE THÉORIQUE
Authors: COȚOFANĂ Iulian-Emil
Published: July 2024

Ionescu-Ionesco, Voice of an Exile? Proposal for a Theoretical Rereading. In this paper, we propose a different reading of Eugène Ionesco’s exile by drawing from a selection of texts from the 1930s and afterwards. As our purpose is to challenge the prevailing discourse surrounding the topic, we have opted to focus on critical and theoretical elements rather than biographical details. We keep in mind that the author’s contributions and the research on his work are two intertwined discourses. In post-1989 Romania, Ionesco is widely regarded as one of the leading literary figures of the Romanian exile. It is our opinion that his exiled status has not been sufficiently investigated, and our aim is to demonstrate that prudence and close reading could uncover some striking nuances that could lead scholars to the solution of a central question: Should Ionescu-Ionesco be regarded as an exile or rather as an expatriate?
Ionescu-Ionesco, vocea unui exilat? Propunere pentru o relectură teoretică. În articolul de față propunem o lectură diferită a exilului lui Eugène Ionesco bazându-ne pe o selecție de texte din anii 1930 și de mai târziu. Întrucât scopul nostru este să chestionăm discursul predominant legat de subiect, am ales să ne concentrăm mai curând asupra elementelor critice și teoretice decât asupra detaliilor biografice. Ținem cont de faptul că contribuțiile autorului și cercetarea relativă la opera sa sunt două discursuri întrețesute. În România de după 1989, Ionesco este îndeobște considerat drept o figură literară marcantă a exilului românesc. Opinia noastră este aceea că statutul său de exilat nu a fost suficient investigat, iar obiectivul nostru este să demonstrăm că prudența și lectura atentă pot dezvălui nuanțe remarcabile: ar trebui Ionescu-Ionesco să fie tratat drept un exilat sau mai degrabă drept un expatriat?
Cuvinte-cheie: Eugen Ionescu – Eugène Ionesco, exil, expatriat, ideologie, receptare
Article history: Received 21 January 2024; Revised 26 March 2024; Accepted 04 June 2024; Available online 25 June 2024; Available print 30 June 2024
«Con l’uno pace, et con l’altro tregua, et con l’altro guerra»: dinamiche di conflitto e reti di accordi nell’Italia tardomedievale
Authors: Lazzarini Isabella
Published: July 2024

Este artículo estudia los métodos de resolución de conflictos políticos y militares en la Italia bajomedieval. La renovación de los estudios sobre la historia del poder político y de la diplomacia en la península entre la Edad Media y la Edad Moderna ha llevado, de hecho, a una reflexión más detenida sobre la convivencia de fases de conflicto y de negociación y al estudio de sus cambios. La investigación se realiza, en particular, a partir de dos estudios de caso, dos tratados de finales del siglo XIV y la Liga Itálica y sus renovaciones a partir de 1455.
Pero García Cerezo o la pujanza del mercado rural en la Extremadura bajomedieval
Authors: Domínguez De la Concha Alfonso
Published: July 2024

Este artículo aspira a ofrecer una visión integradora de los espacios comerciales, como alternativa a la lógica de la confrontación impuesta por ciertas construcciones teóricas sobre la economía rural, así como el protagonismo del mercado rural en el tránsito a la Modernidad, capaz de surgir como respuesta a la propia demanda interna. En el contexto de la economía castellana del siglo XV, el análisis de la Puebla de Guadalupe (Cáceres) descubre el papel dinamizador de los pecheros como agentes económicos. Aunque se centre en la figura de un carnicero brinda un panorama de los emprendedores rurales. Una élite local capacitada para integrar la producción local en las nuevas prácticas económicas.
Repertorios multilingües en Guinea Ecuatorial en el tránsito del mundo fernandino al colonial hispánico
Authors: Gutiérrez Maté Miguel
Published: July 2024

Este artículo repasa la historia de los distintos grupos etnolingüísticos de Santa Isabel (actual Malabo, Bioko, Guinea Ecuatorial) durante la segunda mitad del s. xix, para contextualizar el fondo sobre el que tuvo lugar la implantación del español. Especifico, a partir de testimonios de la época, los repertorios multilingües de españoles, (afro)cubanos, “fernandinos”, krumanes, “portugueses” y bubis, y reconstruyo las dinámicas de interacción lingüística entre estos grupos, en las que, además del omnipresente inglés, se utilizó una lengua vehicular reestructurada de base hispánica, mque representó el primer contexto histórico en que el español tuvo alguna presencia real en Guinea Ecuatorial.
Daniela Lauria, Lengua y política. Historia crítica de los diccionarios del español de la Argentina. Eudeba, Buenos Aires, 2022; 374 pp.
Authors: Palacios Niktelol
Published: July 2024

Es una reseña
Victoria Aranda Arribas, Las “Novelas ejemplares” en el cine y la televisión. Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 2021; 574 pp.
Authors: Padilla Aguilera Tania
Published: July 2024

Es una reseña
Mauricio Núñez Rodríguez, Silencios y recepciones: la novela de José Martí. [Premio Ensayo “Alejo Carpentier” 2020.] Editorial Letras Cubanas, La Habana, 2023; 186 pp.
Authors: Sánchez Aguilera Osmar
Published: July 2024

Es una reseña
Ángel Gilberto Adame, Pasiones, fracturas y rebeliones: Octavio Paz, Pablo Neruda y José Bergamín. Taurus, México, 2020; 256 pp.
Authors: Cajero Antonio
Published: July 2024

Es una reseña
Evaluación del método de análogos para la simulación de la precipitación diaria en una región de orografía compleja
Authors: Gomez Federico , Bettolli María Laura
Published: July 2024

Los Modelos Climáticos Globales (GCM) son la principal herramienta disponible para realizar predicciones sobre el clima en escenarios futuros, sin embargo, los mismos presentan un desempeño bajo para reproducir el clima local debido a su resolución espacial limitada. Esta característica se acentúa en regiones de orografía compleja. En el presente trabajo, se exploró la posibilidad de añadir valor agregado al modelado de la precipitación diaria a través de un método estadístico de reducción de escala (downscaling) en la región de los Andes Centrales. Se utilizó la precipitación diaria de 83 estaciones de la región durante el periodo 1981-2015 para calibrar el método de análogos utilizando el reanálisis ERA-Interim. Las series construidas a partir de los modelos de downscaling estadístico mostraron resultados más fidedignos en comparación con datos crudos del reanálisis, especialmente en el cálculo de valores medios y de estadísticos de escala diaria. En líneas generales, los modelos basados en la información de predictores atmosféricos locales obtuvieron un mejor desempeño que los constituidos utilizando la información de gran escala simplificada en base a un análisis de componentes principales. El desempeño de los modelos de downscaling a lo largo del dominio no fue uniforme, obteniéndose mejores resultados en las estaciones chilenas del sector sur. Esto posiblemente fue debido a que el forzante sinóptico dominante es bien capturado por los modelos de downscaling. Los distintos aspectos temporales de la variabilidad de la precipitación (intraanual, interanual y tendencias de largo plazo) fueron hábilmente reproducidos por los modelos estadísticos.
Verificación de pronósticos por ensamble en alta resolución generados a partir del Sistema de Asimilación de Datos y Pronóstico Numérico del Servicio Meteorológico Nacional en dos casos de estudio
Authors: Yañez Dan , Dillon Maria Eugenia , Maldonado Paula , Garcia Skabar Yanina
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo se busca evaluar el desempeño de los pronósticos probabilísticos en alta resolución (4 km) generados a partir del Sistema de Asimilación de datos y Pronóstico numérico del Servicio Meteorológico Nacional de Argentina (SAP.SMN) y estudiar el impacto de las condiciones iniciales en los mismos, considerando pronósticos inicializados a partir de un ensamble de análisis regionales (AReg) y de análisis globales (SAP.SMN-ENS). Se seleccionaron 2 casos de estudio para analizar el desempeño de ambos pronósticos, caracterizados por el desarrollo de convección húmeda profunda y precipitación intensa sobre el centro-este de Argentina y Uruguay, ocurridos el 26-27 de febrero y el 6-7 de marzo de 2022. Para verificar los pronósticos probabilísticos se utilizaron datos de estimación cuantitativa de precipitación por satélite SQPE-OBS, reflectividad máxima de radares de banda C, datos de estaciones convencionales y radiosondeos. En líneas generales, se puede considerar que AReg mostró un mejor desempeño para el caso 1 y SAP.SMN-ENS lo hizo en el caso 2, indicando un impacto significativo de las condiciones iniciales en el desempeño del pronóstico. En ambos casos de estudio, ambos experimentos logran representar adecuadamente los sistemas convectivos respecto de los datos de radar, con ciertas diferencias en la posición e intensidad de los mismos, dando como resultado una subestimación de la precipitación acumulada en 24 horas en las zonas de máxima precipitación estimada por SQPE-OBS. Estos resultados son alentadores respecto de la inclusión de observaciones locales en la condición inicial de los pronósticos numéricos en alta resolución del SAP.SMN-ENS y motivan a seguir avanzando en el desarrollo de un sistema regional de asimilación de datos que permita mejorar la precisión de los pronósticos, investigando aspectos como la configuración y la estrategia de asimilación.
Lexical and Stylistic Features of Translating Old Russian Literary Monuments into Russian and English Languages (“The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”)
Authors: Onoshko V. N.
Published: July 2024

This article explores the peculiarities of translating military vocabulary from the Old Russian literary monument “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” into Russian and English languages through the analysis of translations by D.S. Likhachov, O.V. Tvorogov (modern Russian language), V. Nabokov, and I. Petrova (English language). The study employed methods such as the method of complete sampling, contextual analysis method, comparative method, and quantitative analysis method. The research focused on 34 lexical units used in 128 contexts. Based on the conducted study, the following conclusions can be drawn. (1) Translators of the aforementioned work into Russian mostly replaced archaic words with contemporary ones etymologically related to the original word, while preserving archaic words to convey historical color in translations. (2) Translations of the work into English showed translators’ tendency towards fidelity to the original text through the use of full and partial equivalents, approximate translation, and the method of generalization (selecting a word with broader meaning). Thus, the analysis of lexical units and their translation methods into modern Russian and English languages revealed translators' inclination to choose the translation variant closest to the original unit.
Poetics of Title in Ivan Bunin’s Short Story “The Emerald”
Authors: Ushakova E. V.
Published: July 2024

This article explores the poetics of the title in Ivan Bunin’s short story “The Emerald” from the collection “Dark Avenues,” which represents a small scene or prose miniature with a weakened plot. The novelty of the research lies in the analysis of the title of this work and its connection not only to the story “The Emerald” but also to Bunin’s overall body of work. The role of the expositional landscape and conflict development is revealed within the thematic context of the narrative. Key moments of the collision dynamics in the story, based on dialogue and contrast principles, are identified. Parallels between the stories “The Emerald” and "Pure Monday" are drawn, noting similarities in character portrayal: the heroines strive for the divine, are sensitive to celestial beauty, which is not understood by their lovers as bearers of a more rational and earthly mindset. The peculiarities of the poetics of the title, its connections to biblical texts, and comparisons with the writer’s poetic and prose works are explored. The author concludes that the image of an emerald (or an emerald) in Bunin’s works correlates with the divine and sublime world, symbolizing the spiritual aspirations of the heroine in the story “The Emerald” and present in other works by Bunin, embodying a longing for spiritual existence.
Representation of Russia in Autobiographical Prose about Childhood by A.N. Tolstoy and I.S. Shmelev
Authors: Shestakova E. Yu.
Published: July 2024

This study examines the uniqueness of representing the image of Russia as an integral part of the artistic worldview in the autobiographical prose about childhood by first-wave Russian emigrant writers. The research is based on A.N. Tolstoy’s novella “Nikita’s Childhood” and I.S. Shmelev’s novel “The Lord’s Summer.” Comparative-historical, historical-literary methods, as well as the principle of comprehensive analysis of the ideological and artistic content of the texts, are employed. It is established that the image of Russia encompasses representations of the Russian people, nature, history, and generations. Time takes on mythological features, with historical and epic time shaping the narrative movement. The spatial dynamics are constructed as a contrast between city and village, where nature is animated and spiritualized. The concept of home emerges as a significant spatial parameter. In the novel “The Lord’s Summer,” it is intricately linked with the image of the church and sacralized. The central spiritual component of the world is embodied in the living image of Christ. The image of Russia is intertwined with themes of loss, with Moscow symbolized as the heart of the Motherland — Holy Rus’. Childhood and Russia are idealized, imbued with idyllic characteristics, while the image of a bygone era carries a nostalgic hue.
Sakha Language in a Northern Industrial Monotown: Linguistic Distribution in Speech Repertoire of Sakha People
Authors: Danilov I. A.
Published: July 2024

This study explores the functioning of the Yakut language in the conditions of the northern industrial monotown Mirny (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)). The study identifies the features of linguistic distribution in the speech repertoire of ethnic Sakha based on data from a sociolinguistic survey and interviews (n=279). Descriptive statistical methods and content analysis are employed. The results reveal an asymmetric nature of Yakut-Russian bilingualism with Russian language predominance in public communication. While Sakha individuals exhibit a high level of language competence in the Yakut language, its application is limited. In familial and friendly communication, the Yakut language maintains significant positions; however, its demand is minimal in the professional-business sphere, especially in industry. Among individuals with higher education, the percentage of Russian speakers at work reaches 68.34% compared to 55.77% among those with only secondary vocational education. Russian language dominates in management, service sectors, and law enforcement (75—100%). Only in fields such as healthcare, education, and culture does the Yakut language maintain strong positions. The native language is primarily perceived by Sakha as a symbolic marker of identity, yielding to Russian in social prestige and communicative power. The vitality prospects of the Yakut language in the city are assessed ambiguously and are linked to the effectiveness of language policy in key institutional contexts (education, media, government).
Shifting Communicative Roles through Subcode Switching and Blending in Works of Zadie Smith
Authors: Dubovitskaya M. A.
Published: July 2024

This study is part of the discourse on code-switching in conversational discourse. The aim of this article is to describe frequent instances of subcode switching and mixing in a multicultural environment, as well as to determine their involvement in communicative role exchanges within the literary texts of a contemporary English writer. The object of description is examples of (sub)code switching and mixing in the literary texts of Zadie Smith. The research employs linguistic analysis methods alongside observation, comparison, and interpretation techniques to highlight the significance of role exchange in the context of subcode switching and mixing. The novelty of this study lies in its examination of role exchange in a multicultural setting. The author emphasizes the pace of role exchange as a crucial indicator of interaction dynamics in heterogeneous cultural environments. The relevance of this research stems from the importance of understanding complex communicative frameworks that involve participants, social parameters, intentions, and speech communication situations. Definitions of subcode mixing and subcode switching are provided, with a clear distinction between code and subcode concepts.
Performance evaluation of YOLOv5 and YOLOv8 models in car detection
Authors: Kılıçkaya Fatma Nur , Taşyürek Murat , Öztürk Celal
Published: July 2024

Vehicle detection stands out as a rapidly developing technology today and is further strengthened by deep learning algorithms. This technology is critical in traffic management, automated driving systems, security, urban planning, environmental impacts, transportation, and emergency response applications. Vehicle detection, which is used in many application areas such as monitoring traffic flow, assessing density, increasing security, and vehicle detection in automatic driving systems, makes an effective contribution to a wide range of areas, from urban planning to security measures. Moreover, the integration of this technology represents an important step for the development of smart cities and sustainable urban life. Deep learning models, especially algorithms such as You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) and You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8), show effective vehicle detection results with satellite image data. According to the comparisons, the precision and recall values of the YOLOv5 model are 1.63% and 2.49% higher, respectively, than the YOLOv8 model. The reason for this difference is that the YOLOv8 model makes more sensitive vehicle detection than the YOLOv5. In the comparison based on the F1 score, the F1 score of YOLOv5 was measured as 0.958, while the F1 score of YOLOv8 was measured as 0.938. Ignoring sensitivity amounts, the increase in F1 score of YOLOv8 compared to YOLOv5 was found to be 0.06%.
Library promotion in the development of the Universitas Sumatera Utara towards a world-class university
Authors: Ritonga Aulia Rahma , Veronica Afryna , Ginting Lestari Dara Cinta Utami , Dalimunthe Maulana Andinata , Nasution Laila Hadri
Published: July 2024

This article analyzes library promotion in developing the Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) towards a World Class University (WCU). Indonesia is experiencing educational obstacles in achieving the WCU title. Several factors influence the difficulty of achieving the WCU predicate, but the most dominant is the library’s role in accommodating student literacy skills. As one of the higher education institutions, USU understands the vital role of the library in increasing the intensity of literacy to achieve the WCU predicate. The urgency of this research is to review the promotion of the USU library in achieving the WCU predicate through the library as an instrument. This article uses qualitative research with a case study approach. The data collection techniques used in this article are in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Primary data sources in this article are research informants, while secondary data used are books, articles, and reportage. The data collected by the author will then be analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results show that the library has various vital roles in literacy reform so that USU can achieve the WCU title. In this case, the library pursues promotional strategies including 1) Product, 2) Price, 3) Promotion, and 4) Distribution. The whole promotion model contributes to improving campus literacy in achieving WCU goals.
The paradox of global capitalism in crisis and global popular free mobilisation: The merger of the tourist and the temporary resident
Authors: Freire-Chaglla Segundo , Espinoza-Figueroa Freddy , Alvarado-Vanegas Byron , Santillán-Iñiguez Juan
Published: July 2024

Instability is inherent in global capitalism, impacting all countries, particularly those directly reliant on this economic framework. The USA shapes tourism metrics in dependent nations and influences inbound tourism spending. Using logarithmic models and power tests, the study delineated four dynamic fields (Cn) supporting the thesis of the fusion of tourism and temporary residency. This study demonstrates that tourism and migration correlate with political, economic, and social instability, as evidenced by high statistical correlations. Variance increases during instability, leading to more residency petitions per tourist entry. This pattern is repeated during three major crises: the 2008–2009 financial crisis, the 2011–2013 conflicts in the Middle East and Africa, and the 2016–2017 regional political turmoil and Venezuelan migration. Economic classification tests confirm the association between instability, armed conflict, and heightened tourism and residency tendencies. Tourism income rises steadily, and residency averages increase, especially during periods of regional instability. The study highlights the tight link between tourism and migration with political, economic, and social instability. The statistical analysis reveals significant correlations, showing higher residency pressure during unstable periods. The applied tests confirm that countries in turmoil exhibit heightened tourism and migration tendencies.
Comparative response of three tropical groundcovers to salt stress
Authors: Salehi Salmi Mohamadreza , Anafjeh Elham , Daneshvar Mohamadhosein , Meratan Aliakbar
Published: July 2024

The increasing interest in cultivating groundcover plants in warm and semiarid areas requires a better understanding of the salinity effects on landscape plants. This work aimed to study the response of three groundcovers (Alternanthera dentate, Sphagneticola trilobata, and Alternanthera amoena) to high sodium chloride concentrations. The trial was conducted in the natural greenhouse environment. Plants were raised in pots filling clay-loamy soil. Hewitt’s nutrient solution containing 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM NaCl irrigated the plants. Plant growth, antioxidative enzyme activity, and the relative water content (RWC), proline, sodium, potassium, and chloride were determined. The study indicated that increasing NaCl concentration in the nutrient solution led to: a) significant differences in the fresh weight of shoots among salinity treatments and among species; b) increased root growth with increasing salinity stress up to the mild stress level of 25 mM NaCl, however at different rates with three species; c) reduced RWC of the leaves of three species grown under salinity-induced stress; d) the increased proline content of the leaves, and more pronounced increases with A. dentate and A. amoena from 0 to 50 mM NaCl, and with S. trilobata from 0 to 100 mM NaCl; e) significant changes in the activities of antioxidative enzymes including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase; f) significant decrease of the K+/Na+ ratio along with increase of salinity stress; g) increased ratio of leaf/ root content of Cl– in A. dentate and in particular, A. amoena; h) a significant reduction in visual qualities of all examined plants. Therefore, because of its ability to maintain leaf characteristics, visual quality, and salt-tolerance mechanisms even under high salinity, S. trilobata can be considered for urban landscaping projects in semiarid and saline areas where low-quality water is used for irrigation.
Effect of Cu Addition Above the Solubility Limit on Microstructure Formation and Cu Segregation in 800 MPa Grade Ductile Cast Iron During Solidification
Authors: Shin Sang-Yun , Ha Seong-Ho , Kim Dong-Hyuk , Choi Jaegu
Published: July 2024

In this study, the effect of 3 mass%Cu additions on microstructure formation and Cu segregation in 800 MPa grade ductile cast iron during solidification was investigated. The calculated phase diagram showed that after the addition of 3 mass%Cu, the Cu phase with a negligible amount appeared below 1000°C, and most Cu was included in the matrix. Based on optical microstructure, after the addition of 3 mass%Cu, the size of graphite nodules became finer, and the microstructure rarely had an area with α-ferrite. Image analysis showed that the fraction of pearlite increased significantly, indicating that Cu greatly promoted the formation of pearlite. Compositional analysis by scanning electron microscopy indicated that the pearlitic area also contained approximately 3 mass%Cu, which corresponds to those of primary and secondary austenite calculated. A small and bright phase particle containing a large amount of Cu was observed at the interface of graphite and matrix.
Microstructure and Wear Property of In-Situ Oxide Reinforced CrMnFeCoNi High Entropy Alloy Composite Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Park So-Yeon , Pyo Park Joon , Lee Kee-Ahn
Published: July 2024

CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy (HEA) which had nano oxide particles formed during additive manufacturing process was fabricated using a selective laser melting (SLM) process (hereinafter SLM Cantor HEA). The microstructure of the fabricated SLM Cantor HEA and the wear properties according to the applied load (5 N, 15 N) were investigated. SLM Cantor HEA was consist of nano-size oxides and high dislocation density, resulting in superior hardness compared to conventional processed CrMnFeCoNi HEA. As a result of the wear test, it showed abrasive and oxidative wear behavior regardless of applied load. But in case of 15 N load condition, it showed more finer worn microstructure with increased wear load, and had a contradictory effect on each friction coefficient and wear rate. Based on the above results, the wear mechanism of in-situ oxide reinforced SLM Cantor HEA was discussed in relation with the microstructure.
Barrier Inhomogeneity of Pt/GaN Junctions with a Low-Temperature ALD Grown ZnO Interlayer
Authors: Kim Hogyoung , Won Ye Bin , Choi Byung Joon
Published: July 2024

Semiconducting GaN can realize high performance electronic and power devices owing to its high electron mobility and thermal conductivity where good metal-semiconductor contact is prerequisite. In this work, using thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD), ZnO interlayer was grown at 80°C on GaN and the Pt/ZnO/GaN heterojunctions were electrically characterized. The analyses on the current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance (C–V) data showed that the forward I–V conduction was involved with the inhomogeneous Schottky barrier. The higher density of interface states from I–V data than that from C–V data was attributed to nonuniform distribution of interface states. In addition, high density of interface states caused localized high electric field, caused higher Poole Frenkel emission coefficients than the theoretical one.
Enhancing Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Ti-Al-Dy Alloy through Ball Milling and SPS Consolidation
Authors: Lee Hyunseung , Chang Si Young
Published: July 2024

In this study, pure Ti, Al, Dy powders were ball-milled with zirconia balls in argon atmosphere for 3 h at 800 rpm, producing a Ti- 6 wt.% Al- 4 wt.% Dy alloy powder. The alloy powder was consolidated by SPS technique at 1373 K for 15 min under 50 MPa pressure in vacuum. The sintered body had approximately 99% in density and 6 μm in grain size. XRD and TEM revealed the presence of the second phases such as Ti3Al, Al3Dy and Ti4Al20Dy phases, and their sizes were approximately 50 nm. Microhardness was approximately 960 Hv at room temperature, which decreased as temperature increased. However, there remained the micro-hardness significantly higher compared to the commercial Ti-6Al-4V alloy. After hardness test at 1173 K, XRD analysis did not show any difference in peaks, while the grain size and second phases size increased by ~4 μm and ~2 nm, respectively.
Effects of Main Alloying Elements on Interface Reaction between Tool Steel and Molten Aluminum
Authors: Yoon Young-Ok , Kim Nam-Seok , Ha Seong-Ho , Kim Bong-Hwan , Lim Hyun-Kyu , Kim Shae K.
Published: July 2024

Effects of Si and Mg as main elements on interface reaction between tool steel and molten Al alloy at 700°C were investigated. Pure aluminum and Al-10mass%Mg alloy showed relatively simple interfacial layers, whereas thicker, multi-layered reaction bonds were found in the diffusion couple of A380 alloy. The diffusion of a large amount of Fe into Al matrix throughout the interfacial layer led to the formation of Al-Fe based intermetallic particles in the Al base metals. The diffusion couple of Al-10mass%Mg alloy showed a similar intermetallic layer as that of pure Al, indicating that 10mass%Mg in the Al melt rarely affected the formation of Al-Fe intermetallic layers. However, A380 alloy showed much expanded soldering area and increased thickness of intermetallic layers. Based on the phase diagram calculated, the solubility of Fe in liquid Al increased significantly with increasing Si content up to apploximately 5mass%, while, in the case of 10mass%Mg addition, the Fe solubility gradually decreased with increasing Mg content. Al-10mass%Mg alloy also showed the same tendency as that of pure Al in the formation and distribution of intermetallic compounds. However, in the Al-12mass%Si alloy, two types of Al-Fe-Si ternary compounds are present on the Al-rich side.