bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Kapsamında Türkiye'de Çevre Ekonomisine Yönelik Yapılan Harcamaların Değerlendirilmesine Yönelik Yeni Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: Okumuş Nuh
Published: January 2025

Sürdürülebilir kalkınma, günümüzde hemen hemen tüm gelişmekte olan ülkelerin kalkınma stratejilerinde önemli bir yer tutan çevre politikası ilkesidir. Bu yaklaşım, kalkınmanın sürdürülebilir olması gerektiğini ve bunun gelecekteki nesilleri de gözeten bir süreç olduğunu vurgular. Sürdürülebilir kalkınma, çevre politikalarıyla uyumlu bir şekilde şekillendirilmelidir. Ekonomik büyüme ise, tek başına yeterli ve arzu edilen bir hedef değildir; zenginliğin, ülkeler, bölgeler ve gelir grupları arasında adil bir şekilde dağıtılması ve çevresel değerlere saygı gösterilmesi gerekmektedir. Aksi takdirde, çevresel değerlerin göz ardı edildiği bir büyüme ve kalkınma süreci sürdürülebilir olamaz. Bu nedenle, kalkınmanın sürdürülebilir olabilmesi için ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel hedefler arasında dengeli bir yaklaşım benimsenmesi şarttır. Ekonomik faaliyetler çevre kirliliğinin başlıca nedeni olmasına rağmen, sürdürülebilir kalkınma modelleri çoğunlukla bu soruna karşı sınırlı veya etkisiz kalmaktadır. Çünkü mevcut sürdürülebilir kalkınma yaklaşımları, harcama, büyüme ve rekabet gibi ekonominin esas yapı taşlarında radikal değişim önermemektedir. Çevre politikalarının başarıyla uygulanabilmesi ve sürekliliğinin sağlanabilmesi için öncelikle çevre sorunlarının doğru bir şekilde belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Sorunlar doğru şekilde tespit edildiğinde, çözüm için kullanılacak araçlar da daha etkili olacaktır. Bu bağlamda, Türkiye için en uygun çevre politikalarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yeni bir yaklaşım önerilmektedir. Bu yaklaşımda, çevre sorunlarına çözüm bulurken alternatifler sunma kavramı kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Çevresel değerlerin korunmasında ekonominin ön planda tutulması gerektiğinden, tüketim alışkanlıklarında alternatif tercihlerde bulunulması esastır. Bu sayede gereksiz üretim önlenecek ve çevresel tahribatın önüne geçilecektir.
MICROENVIRONMENT MODULATION OF TiO2 NANOSHEETS FOR HIGHLY SELECTIVE PHOTOCATALYTIC CO2 REDUCTION
Authors: Zheng Xingxing , Yang Jun
Published: January 2025

Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 and H2O into valuable fuels is a promising and sustainable approach. Phosphate is crucial for the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), highlighting its significance in the transfer of energy essential for life. In this study, we design and prepare a modified TiO2 surface with phosphate to reduce CO2 using light. The TiO2+PO4
3– composite performs exceptionally well, producing CO at a rate of 36.93 μmol g−1 h−1, which is three times higher than pure TiO2, with nearly 100% selectivity for CO. Both experiments and theoretical analyses show that the phosphorus species create a channel for electron transfer between PO43– and Ti, improving charge movement. Modification by phosphate ions (PO43–) alters the surface microenvironment of TiO2, making it easier for more water molecules to be adsorbed on the surface. Furthermore, the PO43– modification adds more oxygen-containing functional groups to the surface. These groups act as sites that help in capturing and activating CO2. As a result, TiO2+PO43– stands out as a strong candidate for CO2 reduction, thanks to better charge transfer and more active sites.
MÉTODO MULTIRRESÍDUO DE AGROTÓXICOS EM POLPA DE AÇAÍ EMPREGANDO MÉTODO QuEChERS MODIFICADO E UHPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Bel Prestes da Silva Rafael , Floriano Luana , Zanchin Cleusa Fátima , Machado Franciele Fátima , Antunes de Oliveira Júlia , Damian Prestes Osmar , Zanella Renato
Published: January 2025

MULTIRESIDUE METHOD FOR PESTICIDES IN AÇAÍ PULP USING A MODIFIED QuEChERS METHOD AND UHPLC-MS/MS. The northern region of Brazil, particularly the states of Pará and Amazonas, concentrates the majority of açaí national production. Considering the possible use of pesticides in this species, this study aimed to develop a comprehensive method for the multiresidue determination of pesticides in açaí pulp, using a modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method with analysis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Various parameters of extraction were investigated, and the method was successfully validated. Analysis by UHPLC-MS/MS provided high selectivity and sensitivity. The main modification to the original QuEChERS method was the use of the C18 adsorbent associated with primary secondary amine (PSA) in the clean-up step by dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE). The method was validated for 83 compounds, showing adequate accuracy (70 to 120%) and precision (RSD ≤ 20%). The method limits of quantification, established by recovery tests, ranged from 5 to 25 µg kg–1. The method limits of detection were from 1.5 to 7.5 µg kg–1. The method was applied to commercial samples of açaí pulp, and no pesticide residues were detected. The proposed method proved to be fast, efficient and suitable for multiresidue determination of pesticides in açaí pulp in routine analysis.
The use of digital twin systems in the construction of socio-cyber-physical systems
Authors:   St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, “LETI” named after V. I. Ulianov (Lenin), Vodyaho Alexander I. , Zhukova Nataly A. ,   St. Petersburg Federal Research center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ananeva Varvara Y. ,   St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, “LETI” named after V. I. Ulianov (Lenin)
Published: January 2025

The modern stage of technology development allows us to create anthropogenic systems that feature a fundamentally new level of complexity compared to existing systems, which for the most part are multilevel heterogeneous distributed systems, which include anthropogenic physical entities, virtual entities, natural objects, living beings, people and human collectives. Such systems can be defined as socio-cyber-physical systems. The article analyzes the current state of technology for building socio-cyber-physical systems, and considers the possibility of using digital twins in their construction. The possible aspects of using digital twin in the construction of this class of systems are considered. This article discusses one of the possible approaches to the construction of socio-cyber-physical systems based on the use of runtime digital twin systems built using a polymodel approach. The proposed approach can be considered as a convergence of several well-known approaches to the construction of sociocyber-physical systems. A reference architecture of the run-time digital twin is proposed, the basis of which is not a monolithic model, but a system of models. Typical models that can be used in the construction of socio-cyber-physical systems are analyzed. One of the key problems facing the developers of socio-cyber-physical systems is the construction of a human model.
Metric binary trees, and nested cluster hierarchy building
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Orekhov Andrey V. , Vasiliev Igor V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

Machine learning methods use data trees to organize and store information. Each of these structures has certain advantages and allows improving the quality of a particular algorithm. If all tree nodes have no more than two descendants, then it is called binary; its main advantage is the high efficiency of implementing search and sorting algorithms. In this regard, it is important to note that dendrograms of hierarchical agglomerative clustering methods are also binary trees reflecting the taxonomy of elements of a data set. Any cluster that is not a singleton can be divided into subclusters, and this allows us to form a hierarchical structure in a metric space (metric tree) with additional properties. For example, automatically set the height of the tree, considering by definition that the number of levels on which its nodes are located coincides with the number of options for dividing the sample set into clusters, subclusters, subclusters of subclusters, etc. This problem can be solved using approximation-estimation tests, the change in sensitivity of which, using the trend coefficient, allows us to obtain various clustering options. When conducting computational experiments, a synthetic set of points on the Euclidean plane was used and were studied the results of centroid based clustering. Markov moments of stopping the clustering process were determined using approximation-estimation test. Verification of the results obtained in numerical modeling was carried out by changing the step size of the trend coefficient.
Russian Diplomats-Sinologists at the Turn of the 20th Century: Training, Qualifications and Personnel Policy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Samoylov Nikolay A. , Kharitonova Anna M. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

The article studies activities of Russian diplomats-sinologists in the Qing Empire and the Republic of China at the end of the 19th — beginning of the 20th centuries. The main emphasis is given to the level of their qualifications, the specifics of training and those educational institutions of the Russian Empire that trained the required personnel. The issues related to the personnel policy of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the system of selecting qualified orientalists who could speak Chinese and other Oriental languages to work in Asian countries are examined separately. The study of the environment in which diplomats were educated and trained in the Russian Empire is also an important task within the framework of the stated research topic. Analyzing the system of education and training of diplomats in the Russian Empire makes it possible to identify the attitudes with which young diplomats entered the service and in accordance with which they improved their professional skills. During that period, the Faculty of Oriental Languages at St. Petersburg University, founded in 1854 by decree of Emperor Nicholas I, became the most important educational center for training highly qualified sinologists where young people not only mastered the Chinese language but also studied hard the history, literature, culture, religions and the current situation of the Qing China. The merit of the Faculty staff is that they trained both future scholars and practical sinologists, including future employees of Russian diplomatic institutions in China. The article provides examples of the routes by which the formation of highly skilled Russian diplomats for China took place, and therefore they played an important role in the development of Russian-Chinese relations.
Relations between Heterodox Muslims and Christians in Central Rumeli in the First Centuries of the Ottoman Rule according to the Hagiography of Three Muslim Saints
Authors:   Institute of Balkan Studies and Center of Traceology of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bondarenko Tatiana D.
Published: January 2025

Understanding the image of Christians in heterodox Muslims’ literature allows us to deepen our knowledge of how interaction between representatives of the two religions took place in the first centuries of Ottoman rule in the Balkans. Based on vilayetname of three Muslim saints popular in the Balkans (Sarı Saltık, Othman Baba and Demir Baba), this article explores the image of Christians with whom the dervishes interacted; the changes in the image of Christians; the nature of interactions between heterodox Muslims and Christians. The main categories of Christians with which the Muslim saints interacted were warriors and the ordinary rural and urban population (in the case of Sarı Saltık, representatives of the religious and secular authorities of the Christian world can be added). While Christian warriors are portrayed as enemies, the ordinary population often receives aid from the dervishes, regardless of their religious affiliation. The religion of ordinary people is not always mentioned, but it can be determined by indirect signs such as demography. It can be established that the image of Christians in vilayetname was influenced by the political situation related to heterodox Muslims in the contemporary period, their relationship with authorities and dervishes from orders
loyal to the state. Gradually, they become the main antagonists of Muslim saints, while the confrontation with Christians loses relevance. Another factor influencing the image of Balkan Christians is the movement of the state border to the west and the turn of Central Rumeli into the hinterland of the Ottoman state.
Shoes in the Arabic Socio-Cultural Space and in the Lexical-Semantic Field
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Yafia Yousif Jamil Hana
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the analysis of stable lexical structures in the Iraqi dialect, which include various lexemes denoting shoes. The author of the article examines the issue of cultural traditions associated with shoes in the Arab world, noting the existing negative connotations: the deliberate display of shoe soles is considered indecent in Arab society, and hitting with shoes is regarded as a humiliating insult. Researchers believe that these traditions can be correlated with various factors: both religious and cultural, and perhaps also historical. The author of the article also gives the most striking examples of the manifestation of such an attitude (nicknames of political leaders, the situation with shoes thrown at the US President during a press conference, etc.). Shoes often symbolize baseness, spiritual decline and inappropriate human behavior, and
therefore are often mentioned in descriptions of political figures. There are also many proverbs, sayings and superstitions related to shoes in Iraqi folklore. Unique amulets against the evil eye, made in the form of shoes, both real and decorative, are common in Iraq. Shoes, as an element of Iraqi culture, are used in cartoons and can also appear in surnames. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding not only cultural, but also lexical features associated with shoes, as
this contributes to the establishment of high-quality intercultural dialogue.
Knowledge management in organization and the large language models
Authors:   Graduate School of Business, HSE University, Zelenkov Yuri A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: to summarize, classify and analyze current academic papers on the use of large language models (LLM) in knowledge management in organization.

Methodology: systematic literature review was conducted. It was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework. 75 papers were selected for the analysis, including academic papers and reports of consulting companies published since 2020.

Findings: four main research areas have been identified: (1) LLM implementation issues; (2) the impact of LLM on knowledge management efficiency; the application of LLM in the processes of (3) knowledge usage and (4) knowledge creation. Within each area, the key papers and open questions have been reviewed.

Originality and contribution: the paper presents a systematic review of current publications, proposes a classification of research topics, and identifies potential directions for new research. The study also considers limitations hindering the implementation of LLM in the organization's knowledge management practice.
Between Pacifism and Peacemaking: The Problem of Finding a General Anti- War Concept
Authors:   Volzhsky Polytechnical Institute — Branch of the Volgograd State Technical University, Nikolaev N. Yu.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the most important anti-war concepts that are used in modern paxological research.
The evolution of anti-war terminology in domestic and foreign socio-political thought is revealed, the
main approaches to anti-war definitions are revealed. According to the author, the role of a concept capable of
uniting numerous anti-war ideas and practices is claimed primarily by three concepts — “pacifism”, “peacemaking”
and “antimilitarism”. The most popular and at the same time the most difficult in terms of content is the term
“pacifism”. During the Soviet period, pacifism was viewed as an ideology alien and even hostile to Marxism. The
reason for such rejection was the numerous works of V. I. Lenin, who declared pacifism an imaginary instrument
of the struggle for peace. It was only since the early 1990s that the term “pacifism” was “rehabilitated” and began
to be actively used in literature. In its radical form, pacifism is often used in a single lexical bundle with another
anti-war concept — “nonviolence”, and with a moderate understanding it is transformed into an independent
term — “pacificism”. The concept of “peacemaking” began to be actively used in the broad public discourse only
in the post-Soviet period and is traditionally used when describing political and legal practices for the settlement
of international and internal conflicts. At the same time, there is a tradition in Russian literature of using the concept
of “peacemaking” when describing a personal or public anti-war position. The term “antimilitarism” is closely
related to militarism, being its semantic inversion. In some cases, antimilitarism can be combined with pro-war
sentiments, only denying their extreme manifestations.
Spatial variability of ENSO-based monsoon rainfall in the coastal region of southeastern India
Authors: Kasera Reema , Minocha Vijay K.
Published: January 2025

Climate variability during El Niño and La Niña events is believed to sync with the monsoon fluctuation globally. Studying these phenomena is crucial for predicting meteorological factors like temperature and precipitation. This study investigates the spatial variability of southwest monsoon rainfall (SMR) due to El Niño and La Niña along the southeastern coast of India. Monthly average rainfall data for the coastal districts of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha from 1970 to 2020 were analyzed. The analysis revealed that the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) had a distinct impression on these districts. Results showed that during El Niño, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh received below-normal rainfall with an 82% probability, while above-normal rainfall occurred during La Niña, with probabilities of 65 and 70%, respectively. In Odisha, the probability of below-normal rainfall during El Niño was 41%, and above-normal rainfall during La Niña was 40%. However, the impact on Odisha was insignificant and did not align with conventional ENSO patterns. This study improves understanding of rainfall variability along the southeastern coast of India, highlighting the need for regional climate forecasting. These insights can aid policymakers in developing drought management and flood preparedness strategies, providing a valuable resource for enhancing climate prediction models.
Streamflow projections under climate change framework for the Mahanadi River catchment, India
Authors: Sahu Ramgopal T. , Turkane Sagar D. , Rathnayake Upaka
Published: January 2025

Thirteen GCMs under Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-6 were analysed against IMD grid data using compromise programming (CP) to identify the optimal model. This innovative multi-criteria decision-making approach balances competing performance metrics to enhance model selection. The CP matrix indicated that the MPI-ESM1-2-HR model optimally simulates streamflow using the IMD-calibrated data. This study also examines basin hydrology and development impacts, emphasizing spatiotemporal climate variability. Spatial proximity-based regionalization identified Kurubhata, Bamnidih, and Basantpur as suitable gauged sites for streamflow projections at Kalma using Soil and Water Assessment Tool modelling. Under the SSP245 scenario, streamflow projections for 2019–2050 indicate increases of 44.67%, 27.88%, and 38.10% at Jondhra, Seorinarayan, and Basantpur, respectively. Water yield at Kalma is projected to rise by 96% from a baseline of 396.26 mm, and monsoonal precipitation at the basin outlet is expected to increase by 91.81 mm/year.
On the issue of determining tolerable daily intake of total N-nitrosamines for toddlers
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Suvorov D.V. , Shur P.Z. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Zelenkin S.Е. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

In Russia, assessment of food products that contain N-nitrosamines (NAs) conventionally focuses on the total N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine contents. Other NAs are also potential carcinogens and their non-carcinogenic effects require more profound investigation, especially upon low-dose exposures. A child body is more sensitive to NA exposures due to its morphofucntional peculiarities. This involves likely earlier manifestations of non-carcinogenic effects (for example, hepatotoxicity) due to, among other things, their unidirectional effects. More precise health risk assessment requires considering all NAs identified in food products.

The present study continues and enlarges previous research works with their focus on experimental determination of N-nitrosamines toxicity in food for babies and toddlers. We assessed hepatotoxicity associated with harmful effects produced by N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosomethylethylamine, N-nitrosodibutylamine, N-nitrosodipropylamine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine and N-nitrosopiperidine. Lower benchmark dose limit (BMDL) able to cause significantly more considerable hepatotoxic effects (judging from AST, ALT, GGT activity, levels of total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase) was established through analyzing the total intake of N-nitrosamines identified in meat canned food for toddlers. Establishing BMDL for the total N-nitrosamine contents (0.175 µg/kg of body weight), below which no significant relation existed between likelihood of hepatotoxic effects and NAs dose, made it possible to calculate tolerable daily intake equal to 4.38 ng/kg of body weight considering a potential unidirectional hepatotoxic effects produced by six N-nitrosamines.

This established TDI value is considerably lower than a previously established one (15.8 ng/kg of body weight per day) for the sum of four NAs (N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosomethylethylamine, N-nitrosodibutylamine, and N-nitrosodipropylamine), which is probably due to the estimated unidirectional NAs effect.

Combined exposure to a wider range of N-nitrosamines enhances harmful effects, which requires considering the whole range of these substances in health risk assessment.

The study findings confirm that it is advisable to develop safe standards for the sum of NDMA and DENA; however, it is also necessary to consider developing safe standards for the analyzed range of six NAs in food products.
Determining an informative value of methods for researching manifestations of long-term effects produced by acute intoxication with neurotropic toxicants in an experiment
Authors:   Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology, 1 Bekhtereva St., Saint Petersburg, 192019, Russian Federation, Shustov E.B. , Melnikovа M.V. ,   Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology, 1 Bekhtereva St., Saint Petersburg, 192019, Russian Federation, Potapov P.K. ,   Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology, 1 Bekhtereva St., Saint Petersburg, 192019, Russian Federation,   Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, 6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russian Federation, Basharin V.A. ,   Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, 6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russian Federation, Belskaya A.V. ,   Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology, 1 Bekhtereva St., Saint Petersburg, 192019, Russian Federation, Melekhova A.S. ,   Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology, 1 Bekhtereva St., Saint Petersburg, 192019, Russian Federation, Ladochkina A.V. ,   Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology, 1 Bekhtereva St., Saint Petersburg, 192019, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

Information characteristics of models are rarely determined in biomedical research, which is largely due to their assessments not being mandatory, poor standardization of biomedical research, and wide variability of methods employed to model and assess a condition of animals. Nevertheless, stricter requirements to implementation of GLP standards in preclinical studies lead to an increase in importance of evaluating information indicators in toxicological and pharmacological studies.

An experimental study was accomplished on modeling long-term consequences of acute neurotoxicant poisoning. In this experiment, animals were intoxicated with model neurotoxicants. By the end of 4th week, 100 % of laboratory animals intoxicated with lead acetate and 20 % of laboratory animals intoxicated with methanol were found to have signs of long-term consequences of acute poisoning. These signs were manifested as components of psycho-organic and asthenic syndromes including impaired responses to light and an electric current stimulus, inability to perform intense physical activity in the treadmill running test, a decrease in ability to reproduce skills of passive pain avoidance.

These changes in the functional state of animals were statistically significant.

The study revealed that indicators, even those characterized by high differentiating ability (specificity) in relation to individual manifestations of long-term consequences of acute poisoning, were characterized with insufficient selectivity, accuracy and informational significance. A comprehensive assessment of the experimental model based on a criteria-based approach provides higher informational significance than the indicators taken separately. However, the discriminant model is the closest to the optimal system for detecting long-term consequences of acute poisoning with neurotropic toxicants.
Biological risk factors in the Russian Arctic: A scoping literature review
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, 17 Naberezhnaya Severnoi Dviny, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation, Chashchin V.P. , Zaitseva N.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation,   Russian Academy of Sciences, 14 Leninskii Av., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Chashchin М.V. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, 41 Kirochnaya St., Saint-Petersburg, 191015, Russian Federation, Sobolev N.А. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, 17 Naberezhnaya Severnoi Dviny, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation,   M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 1119991, Russian Federation, Sorokina Т.Yu. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, 17 Naberezhnaya Severnoi Dviny, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation, Shakirov М.М. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, 41 Kirochnaya St., Saint-Petersburg, 191015, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

The goal of the review is to study and summarize approaches to assessing, monitoring, predicting, and countering human health risks associated with the spread of virulent pathogens, parasites, and other biological hazards in the Russian Arctic regions.

A literature search was conducted from May to August 2024 using PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and eLibrary.ru to identify studies on vector-borne pathogens, parasites, and other biological hazards in the Arctic. The review also considered phenomena of bioaccumulation of chemical contaminants in biological food chains that can cause increased susceptibility of humans to infections and the impact of climate change on biological risks in the Arctic. Of the 348 identified publications, 55 articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria.

The analysis revealed significant gaps in the literature on biological risk assessment related to primary data on Arctic zoonotic diseases, with the most limited information related to the sources and pathways of their spread by wild game species. Based on hazard identification, it was established that risk factors for the spread of zoonotic diseases include unfavorable living conditions (inferior quality of life), higher population density, low-quality environment, and socioeconomic considerations. Migratory birds, fish, and animals can significantly contribute to the global spread and pandemics of infectious diseases. Improving our knowledge of wild bird and fish migration routes and vector-borne infectious diseases can help predict future out-breaks and epidemics. The analysis proposed a predictive model for assessing biological risk events associated with this migration.
When Shame Becomes Part of the Self: How Chronic Shame Shapes Personality
Authors: Kruszyńska Nadia , Dominiak Alicja
Published: January 2025

This article explores the origins and significance of shame from both developmental and relational perspectives within medical and psychotherapeutic contexts. Shame deeply embeds itself in one’s personality and can influence various aspects of human behavior. Approaches to tackling and managing a patient’s shame differ based on their background and specific issues. A doctor’s strategy in a single patient encounter will differ significantly from the long-term approach taken in psychotherapy. The authors highlight the psychological intricacies of shame and present various methods for addressing it in therapeutic settings.
Bioquímica sérica e eritrograma em ovinos da raça Morada Nova: influência da idade, do sexo e do escore corporal
Authors:   , Carlos Maria Marília Leite
Published: January 2025

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo determinar o perfil bioquímico sério e eritrocitário em ovinos da raça Morada Nova e verificar as variações destes parâmetros em função do sexo, idade e condição de escore corporal. O estudo foi conduzido em nove rebanhos, sendo dois do estado do Ceará, cinco do estado Rio Grande do Norte e dois do estado da Paraíba. Foram utilizados 249 ovinos da raça Morada Nova, clinicamente saudáveis; o sexo, a idade e o escore corporal de cada animal foram anotados. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue para determinação das concentrações séricas de glicose, colesterol, triglicérides, uréia, creatinina, proteínas totais, albumina e tiroxina (T4), das atividade séricas de aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e alanina aminotransferase (ALT), do número de eritrócitos e do volume globular. Pelos resultados obtidos, foi verificado que o perfil eritrocitário dos ovinos da raça Morada Nova foi equivalente ao apresentado pela média os demais ovinos. Além disto, os parâmetros bioquímicos séricos avaliados nos ovinos Morada Nova não apresentaram variação em relação aos valores de normalidade para a espécie, exceto menor concentração de globulinas e maior relação albumina/globulinas. Também foi verificado que o perfil bioquímico sérico foi afetado por sexo, idade e condição de escore corporal.
Atividade antimicrobiana do extrato alcoólico do fruto da Caesalpinia ferrea Mart
Authors:   , Tomaz Klívio Loreno Raulino
Published: January 2025

O tratamento usual da mastite bovina é realizado com administração de antimicrobianos,
que muitas vezes, promovem a resistência bacteriana a esses compostos. Medicamentos fitoterápicos
têm sido utilizados, porém nem todas essas opções apresentam comprovação científica acerca da
eficácia de ação contra os agentes causadores da enfermidade. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a
atividade antimicrobiana do extrato alcoólico do fruto da Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. frente a bactérias
causadoras de mastite bovina. O estudo foi dividido em dois experimentos sequenciais. No
experimento I, avaliou-se o potencial da atividade antimicrobiana da solução aquosa líquida (extrato 1)
e liofilizada (extrato 2) do resíduo etanólico fracionado com clorofórmio e solução aquosa do resíduo
etanólico liofilizado (extrato 3) frente doze bactérias selecionadas (quatro cepas padrão e oito cepas de
campo), como triagem para o experimento seguinte. No experimento II, utilizando a mesmas bactérias
do experimento anterior, avaliou-se o potencial da atividade antimicrobiana do extrato que obteve
melhor resultado no experimento I, em oito diluições. Esse estudo foi desenvolvido através da técnica
do poço e em triplicatas. No experimento I, os resultados indicaram que 91,66% das bactérias
analisadas não apresentaram diferença estatística para a atividade antimicrobiana entre os três extratos,
constatando que o processo de liofilização não alterou o potencial da atividade antimicrobiana dos
extratos 2 e 3. No experimento II foi utilizado o extrato 1 e os resultados indicaram que o halo de
inibição antimicrobiana diminui com o aumento da diluição do extrato, e que as bactérias isoladas de
vacas com mastite apresentaram uma resposta menor em relação as bactérias padrão. A Caesalpinia
ferrea apresentou atividade antimicrobiana potencial que sugere novas avaliações experimentais a fim
de avaliar a toxicidade, sendo uma possível opção terapêutica para ensaios biológicos in vivo no
controle da mastite bovina.
POTENCIAL DO ETANOL DE RESÍDUOS DE ABACAXI
Authors: Silva Jean Dionízio , Santos Paulo Franklin Tavares , Carvalho Igor Antônio De Oliveira , Carneiro Neto José Aprígio , Santos Carlos Antônio Cabral Dos
Published: January 2025

A crescente preocupação com a sustentabilidade e a necessidade de reduzir as emissões de carbono têm impulsionado a busca por alternativas renováveis aos combustíveis fósseis tradicionais. Nesse contexto, o etanol produzido a partir de resíduos agroindustriais, especialmente os resíduos de frutas, surge como uma solução promissora para a geração de energia limpa e renovável. Entre essas opções, a biomassa residual de frutas, amplamente disponível em regiões tropicais, se destaca por seu grande potencial de conversão em biocombustíveis, contribuindo significativamente para o desenvolvimento sustentável e a diversificação da matriz energética. Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliométrica da produção científica relacionada à obtenção de etanol a partir de resíduos de abacaxi, com ênfase na identificação de tendências emergentes, lacunas de pesquisa e áreas de maior relevância para o aprimoramento e desenvolvimento dessa tecnologia. A revisão será conduzida com base em dados extraídos da base de dados Scopus, abrangendo um total de 57 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2013 e 2023. A análise dos dados será realizada por meio do software VOSviewer, com foco em quatro abordagens principais: a análise anual do número de publicações, citações dos autores, coautoria por países e a coocorrência de palavras-chave nos artigos. Os resultados fornecerão uma visão abrangente sobre a pesquisa referente ao etanol de abacaxi, destacando o crescimento expressivo no número de publicações nos últimos anos e apontando caminhos para futuras investigações e aplicações dessa tecnologia no contexto da geração de energia sustentável.
Understanding the Bariatric Surgery: Conceptions and Misconceptions in Future Health Care Professionals
Authors: Koodathingal Manasi , Haniya Khadeeja , Kumar Nivedya Anil , Parveen Aabidha , Goud Manjunath , Muthu Priyalatha , Kar Subhranshu Sekhar , Nair Manju Avinash
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Medically-complicated obesity, a major public health issue due to the ineffectiveness of traditional treatments, is increasingly managed through
bariatric surgery. This study investigates the knowledge of clinical year students about bariatric surgery at RAKMHSU. It aims to assess their
awareness and understanding of this crucial intervention for severe obesity and its related health risks.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted over three months at RAK Medical and Health Sciences University (RAKMHSU) and utilized a survey
to assess perception regarding bariatric surgery among clinical year students from RAK College of Medical Sciences (RAKCOMS) and RAK
College of Nursing (RAKCONS). A pre-validated questionnaire was employed, and participants were randomly selected. Data analysis focused on
the reliability of the tool and the student’s perception.

Results:

The study included 197 participants, comprising 162 medical and 35 nursing students. Significant differences emerged in three areas: nursing
students preferred daily exercise more (Q6), believed in the greater likelihood of weight regain post-surgery (Q9), and were more aware of disease
susceptibility (Q13) compared to medical students. Correlation analysis revealed that students who felt body shape affected self-confidence had
better bariatric surgery knowledge and BMI calculation experience. Notable correlations were found between specific questions, with significant
positive correlations observed among nursing students but not medical students.

Discussion:

Obesity is a global epidemic with rising prevalence, including in the UAE, where 43% of expatriates are overweight and 32.3% obese.
Environmental factors, such as low physical activity due to climate and cultural norms, exacerbate the issue. Our study revealed good knowledge
of BMI among participants, reflecting awareness of obesity's risks. However, concerns about bariatric surgery safety persist, with 32% of
participants wary of complications. Despite this, the most recognized bariatric surgery is a viable option for medical conditions like PCOS.
Educational interventions are essential to address misconceptions, promote informed decisions, and bridge gaps in exercise habits and referral
practices.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, while many medical and nursing students demonstrate a solid understanding of bariatric surgery, hesitations and misconceptions
persist. Continuous education is essential to address these concerns, enhance knowledge, and align perceptions with clinical advancements. By
doing so, future healthcare professionals can make informed decisions and provide better care for patients with severe obesity, ultimately
improving outcomes and fostering greater acceptance of evidence-based surgical interventions.
The Clinical Diagnostic Value of the Super-enhancer-associated Long Noncoding RNA RP11-803D5.4 and AC005592.2 in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yang Fengming , Liang Guangshu , Shi Huina , Yan Linping
Published: January 2025

Background:

Super-enhancer-associated long noncoding RNAs (SE-lncRNAs)
play crucial roles in CRC pathogenesis.

Objective:

RP11-803D5.4 and AC005592.2 were identified as SE-lncRNAs of interest
via microarray analysis, and our study aimed to evaluate their clinical value in CRC diagnosis
and prognosis assessment.

Methods:

Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the
expression of RP11-803D5.4 and AC005592.2 in the tissues and serum of CRC patients.
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to determine the predictive
value of the two SE-lncRNAs. Functional assays were applied to assess the ability
of RP11-803D5.4 to promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells.

Results:

The two SE-lncRNAs were significantly upregulated in CRC tissue and serum
samples vs. corresponding controls. ROC curve analysis indicated that RP11-803D5.4
(AUC=0.842) and AC005592.2 (AUC=0.811) had a high diagnostic performance for
CRC. The combination of RP11-803D5.4, AC005592.2, and CEA had an AUC of 0.946
and distinguished CRC patients and healthy controls better than SE-lncRNA alone. The
serum levels of RP11-803D5.4 and AC005592.2 were strongly correlated with their tissue
expression levels. The expression levels of the two SE-lncRNAs were significantly
lower in postoperative samples than in preoperative samples. Furthermore, similar to the
findings of previous studies on AC005592.2, high RP11-803D5.4 expression promoted
the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CRC cells.

Conclusion:

The findings suggested that RP11-803D5.4 and AC005592.2 are upregulated
in CRCact and are crucial promoters of CRC progression. They also suggested that
they might serve as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing CRC.
Nose-to-Brain Targeting of Resveratrol Nanoformulations
Authors: Bavafa Amir , Negah Sajad Sahab , Forouzanfar Fatemeh
Published: January 2025

Resveratrol [RES] is a polyphenolic stilbene with therapeutic potential owing to its antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective properties. However, the very poor
oral bioavailability, fast metabolism, and extremely low stability under physiological conditions pose
a severe detriment to the clinical use of RES. This newly developed field of nanotechnology has led
to the formulation of RES into nanoformulations with the goal of overcoming metabolicpharmacokinetic
limitations and enhancing the targeted transport of RES to the central nervous system
[CNS]. Among the various routes of administration, the combination of nose-to-brain [N2B]
delivery via the intranasal [IN] route has recently garnered attention as a straightforward, noninvasive
route for transport to the blood-brain barrier [BBB] for greater effects and less harmful systemic
side effects by transporting nano-encapsulated RES into the neural tissues. This review critically
summarizes the mechanisms and benefits of the N2B route for the delivery of RES nanoformulations,
collating in vivo data demonstrating increased CNS bioavailability and stability and, consequently,
improved therapeutic efficacy in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Compared
with the more 'traditional' routes of administration, IN administration of RES nanoformulations is
less toxic, cost-effective, and efficient in crossing the BBB. Therefore, this route represents a promising
approach to the management of CNS disorders. Further optimization of nanoformulation design
and clinical protocols is required to translate these promising findings into therapeutic strategies
aimed at neuroprotection and disease modification in human CNS pathologies.
Network Pharmacological Analysis and Experimental Validation of Anti-lung Cancer Effect of Echinacea Purpurea
Authors: Ma Shengming , Mao Chiwen , Weng Shaoting , Jiang Zhihui , Hao Jie , Zhang Kunpeng
Published: January 2025

Background:

Echinacea purpurea is a medicinal plant recognized for its rich array of
bioactive constituents, making it a valuable resource for drug development. However, the potential
antitumor effects and underlying mechanisms of Echinacea remain largely unexplored.

Methods:

This study aims to elucidate the active ingredients, targets, and pathways mediating the
anti-lung cancer effects of Echinacea through the lens of network pharmacology and to further validate
the efficacy of the extract of Echinacea purpurea against lung cancer in vitro.

Results:

An 'Echinacea-lung cancer-target' network was constructed using network pharmacology,
identifying quercetin, β-sitosterol, rutin, dibutyl phthalate, ferulic acid, and protocatechuic acid as the
primary active components contributing to Echinacea's anti-lung cancer activity. These components
may exert antitumor effects by modulating key targets, including TP53, AKT1, HSP90AA1, JUN,
and IL6, through the PI3K-Akt, MAPK, IL-17, HIF-1, and TNF signaling pathways. Subsequently,
MEPT was administered to human lung cancer PC-9 cells, revealing that the Echinacea extract inhibited
cell proliferation, migration, and the expression of cell cycle proteins in a concentration- and
time-dependent manner while also inducing early apoptosis in tumor cells.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that the anti-lung cancer activity of Echinacea operates through
a synergistic mechanism involving multiple components, targets, and pathways, potentially leading
to cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis.
Integrating Machine Learning and Pharmacophore Features for Enhanced Prediction of H1 Receptor Blockers
Authors: Sherwani Zaid Anis , Nur-e-Alam Mohammad , Ahmed Aftab , Ul-Haq Zaheer
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Histamine Type I Receptor Antagonists (H1 blockers) are widely used to
mitigate histamine-induced inflammation, particularly in allergic reactions. Histamine, a biogenic
amine found in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle, bronchial smooth muscle, and the hypothalamus,
is a key player in these responses. H1 blockers are essential in cough syrups and flu medications
and are divided into two generations: first-generation H1 blockers, which are sedating and
have numerous side effects, and second-generation blockers, which are non-sedating and generally
less toxic but may still exhibit cross-reactivity with other receptors.

Method:

In this study, a comprehensive database of compounds was utilized alongside fexofenadine
as a benchmark to discover compounds with potentially superior efficacy and reduced side
effect profiles. In particular, multidimensional K-means clustering, a machine-learning technique,
was applied to identify compounds with chemical structures similar to fexofenadine.

Result:

Utilizing computational prediction of pharmacokinetic profile and molecular docking experiments,
the action of these drugs on the H1 receptor was assessed. Furthermore, the crossreactivity
of antihistamines was investigated by conducting a structure-based pharmacophore feature
analysis of the docked poses of highly toxic antihistamines with various receptors.

Conclusion:

By identifying and proposing the removal of common toxic features, we aim to facilitate
the development of antihistamines with fewer adverse effects.
A Clinical Multicenter Trial of Recombinant Human Interferon Gamma in Tuberculosis (GAM2022) Experience with the Use of Human Recombinant Interferon Gamma in TB Practice
Authors: Izosimova Veronika E. , Barmina Natal'ja A. , Zharikova Marija P. , Alekseyev Oleg Ye. , Ryzhkova Oxana A. , Sayfulin Marat H. , Popova Natal'ja A. , Andreyev Mihail A. , Gagarina Svetlana G. , Rysdauletova Raisa M. , Kamaeva Natal'ja G. , Samoylova Anastasiya G. , Romanova Marija I.
Published: January 2025

Background:

In this article, we present the results of a multicenter clinical trial of IFN-γ in patients with drug-susceptible and drug-resistant pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) in routine clinical practice.

Objective:

This study aimed to confirm the efficacy and safety of IFN-γ administered to patients with TB.

Methods:

All patients were diagnosed with TB after being tested by bacterioscopic and molecular genetic methods and had no contraindications to standard chemotherapy.

Results:

Recombinant human IFN-γ proved high efficacy in multi-center clinical trials in routine TB practice.

Conclusion:

The results show that IFN-γ is efficient and safe in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.