bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upstream dam impacts on gilded catfish Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Bolivian Amazon
Authors: Damme Paul A. Van , Córdova-Clavijo Leslie , Baigún Claudio , Hauser Marilia , Doria Carolina R. da Costa , Duponchelle Fabrice
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT This paper explores the effects of two run-of-river dams (Jirau and Santo Antônio) built in cascade in the middle Madeira River (Brazil) on the interruption of long-distance migration routes of the gilded catfish (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii). A participative monitoring system was set up to compare capture by commercial fishers approximately 1500 km upstream of the dams in Bolivia, before (1998-2007) and after (2015-2017) dam closure. A significant decrease in gilded catfish catches and in catch per unit effort was observed after dam closure, whereas no significant difference in mean weight was found. Back-estimation of age suggests that the few individuals remaining after dam closure in 2009 are a mixture of old homers that returned upstream before dam closure, and residents hatched after dam closure and trapped in the upper Madeira. Unless fishways in the Madeira River dams improve their efficiency, the gilded catfish might become rare and in danger of regional extinction in the upper Madeira basin in the next few years, negatively affecting river fisheries.
Victimización y perpetración de la violencia de pareja adolescente: Un modelo predictivo
Authors: MORENO-MÉNDEZ Jaime Humberto , ROZO-SÁNCHEZ María Margarita , PERDOMO-ESCOBAR Sandra Jimena , AVENDAÑO-PRIETO Bertha Lucía
Published: December 2019

Resumen La evidencia ha mostrado un incremento de la violencia en las relaciones de pareja, lo cual amerita identificar los factores que la predicen. El objetivo fue establecer un modelo predictivo de las características sociodemográficas, psicopatológicas y del consumo de alcohol sobre la victimización y la perpetración de la violencia de pareja adolescente. La muestra fue de 599 participantes, entre 13 y 19 años, de instituciones educativas públicas y privadas de Bogotá, Colombia. 327 eran del sexo femenino (M = 16.9; DE = 1.45) y 272 del sexo masculino (M = 17.35; DE = 1.35). Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Autoinforme de Variables Psicológicas, el Inventario de Síntomas, el Cuestionario de Identificación de los Trastornos debidos al Consumo de Alcohol, y el Inventario de Conflicto en las Relaciones en el Noviazgo Adolescente. El consumo de alcohol y los síntomas psicopatológicos predicen en el sexo femenino la victimización, y en el sexo masculino la perpetración de la violencia de pareja.
Arabic number writing in children with developmental dyslexia
Authors: TEIXEIRA Renata Monteiro , MOURA Ricardo
Published: December 2019

Abstract Number transcoding is a basic numerical processing task that demands verbal skills during its execution. The goal of this study was to investigate number transcoding ability in children with developmental dyslexia. Twenty-three children with typical development and twenty-six children with developmental dyslexia participated in this study. Results showed that children with dyslexia show a deficit in phonological processing as well as in number transcoding. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance indicated that the dyslexia group presented performance below the average in the number transcoding. Regression analyses indicated that short-term verbal memory, phoneme deletion, rhyme judgment task and automatized naming was a strong predictor of number transcoding difficulties. Children with dyslexia present number transcoding deficits regardless of age and educational level.
Evaluation of Phytoremediation Potential of Castor Cultivars for Heavy Metals from Soil
Authors: KHAN M.J. , AHMED N. , HASSAN W. , SABA T. , KHAN S. , KHAN Q.
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: Phytoremediation is a useful tool to restore heavy metals contaminated soils. This study was carried out to test two castor (Ricinus communis) cultivars [Local and DS-30] for phytoextraction of heavy metals from the soil spiked by known concentrations of seven metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn). A pot experiment was laid out by using a completely randomized design. Soil and plant samples were analyzed at 100 days after planting. The data on heavy metal uptake by plant tissues (roots, leaves and shoots) of the two castor cultivars suggested that a considerable amount of metals (Fe = 27.18 mg L-1; Cu = 5.06 mg L-1; Cr = 2.95 mg L-1; Mn = 0.22 mg L-1; Ni = 4.66 mg L-1; Pb = 3.33 mg L-1; Zn = 15.04 mg L-1) was accumulated in the plant biomass. The soil heavy metal content at the end of experiment significantly decreased with both cultivars, resulting in improved soil quality. Therefore, it is concluded that both castor cultivars, Local and DS-30, can be used for phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated sites.
Production and Nutrient Accumulation of Common Bean Cultivars under Competition with Weed
Authors: COELHO C.G. , DALVI L.P. , OLIVEIRA L.S.G. , OLIVEIRA F.L.
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: Improper management of weeds is one of the causes of low bean yield, as it is very susceptible to interference due to their slow initial growth. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dayflower on grain yield and nutrient accumulation of bean cultivars. The experiment was carried out in a screened house, in 5 L pots, in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. Factor 1 corresponded to the presence or absence of weeds, and factor 2 bean cultivars: BRS Pontal, BRS Agreste, BRS Ametista and BRS Estilo. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with five replications. The coexistence of bean and weed was maintained throughout the crop cycle. Chlorophyll content, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, nutrients contents (N - nitrogen, P - phosphorus, K - potassium, Ca - calcium, Mg - magnesium, Mn - manganese, Fe - iron and Zn - zinc) in grains were evaluated. Competition with weeds negatively influenced chlorophyll content, number of pods, yield and N content in grains. The interaction was significant to P, Mg and Fe contents in grains, demonstrating that competition with weeds may impair allocation of these nutrients, resulting in grains of inferior nutritional quality. The cultivar BRS Agreste was more efficient to accumulate P and Mg in grains in competition with dayflower.
Effects of Reduced and Conventional Tillage on Weed Communities: Results of a Long-Term Experiment in Southwestern Spain
Authors: PARDO G. , CIRUJEDA A. , PEREA F. , VERDÚ A.M.C. , MAS M.T. , URBANO J.M.
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: An important drawback in adopting minimum tillage (MT) and no-tillage (NT) techniques is the frequently observed weed shift promoting adapted species and achieving poorer weed control. These changes can be detected best with long-term experiments, and results might differ depending on soil characteristics and the local flora. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the effect of reduced tillage on weed seed distribution in the soil profile and to identify possible consequences on weed diversity on a long-term experiment maintained during 24 years in Seville (Spain) with three tillage systems: NT, MT and conventional tillage (CT) including moldboard plow on a vertisol. For this purpose, soil seedbanks at 0-8 cm and 8-16 cm depths were enumerated in autumn 2005 and in-field emerged plants in autumn 2005 and winter 2006. Shannon diversity index (H) and evenness (J’) were calculated for seedbank and aboveground weed communities. Total weed seed density was highest for NT and lowest for CT. Some big-seeded species, such as Chrozophora tinctorea L., showed highest seed density in CT. NT increased the relative density of Amaranthus blitoides S. Watson seeds in the seedbank and the abundance of emerged plants of Malva parviflora L., Anagallis arvensis L. and Picris echioides L. Overall, MT led to a less diverse seedbank in the 0-8 cm depth of soil than CT. The frequent drought-induced deep fractures in the expandable clay soil caused natural tillage, which probably resulted in fewer differences in weed seed and seedling densities among tillage treatments compared to what might be expected in other soil types.
Weed Management and Herbicide Selectivity in Ornamental Plants
Authors: MARTINS D. , MARTINS C.C. , SILVA JR. A.C.
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: Floriculture and landscaping sector has the same problems as other crops regarding weed management. Weeds affect the yield and quality of the harvested product, in which the visual aspect and aesthetics stand out as the most important factors in flower production and landscaping. Weed control in floriculture and landscaping is critical and costly because maintaining the beauty of the product and the use of herbicides is a low-cost management tool compared to manual management. However, it implies knowing herbicide selectivity, as ornamental species may present some injury depending on the active ingredient and the degree of selectivity of the compound. Because the use of this practice in flower production and landscaping both abroad and mainly in Brazil is incipient, aspects of selectivity, chemical weed control, and safe application of different herbicides are addressed in this paper.
The Chávez Era Perspective for an Innovative Cultural Policy
Authors: Fontes Pablo Victor , Lessa Mônica Leite
Published: December 2019

Abstract This paper examines Venezuela’s audio-visual sector and its cultural and media policies during the Chávez Era (1999-2013). Accordingly, this analysis essentially emphasises how Chávez’s perception of the absence of representation concerning Venezuelan popular culture served as the basis for proposing a remodelling of cultural and media policies. Bearing in mind this scenario, we point out that this initiative took place in order to rescue, promote and appreciate national distinctiveness and to stimulate the population’s inclusion and social development. In this sense, we indicate that the reconstitution of Venezuela’s social fabric took place through a new, important and original agenda of cultural and/or audio-visual goods. Also, we suggest that, to a certain extent, the same process took place in Latin America.
Confraternidades negras na América portuguesa do Setecentos
Authors: Boschi Caio C.
Published: December 2019

resumo A propagação da fé católica na América portuguesa, embora responsabilidade formal dos reis lusitanos e atributo dos quadros eclesiásticos, teve nas irmandades, confrarias e ordens terceiras os seus efetivos esteios e promotores. Espaços de vivência religiosa e de sociabilidade, essas agremiações leigas se disseminaram pelo território colonial. Ainda que inspiradas em suas congêneres da metrópole, guardavam consideráveis traços de originalidade, sobretudo aquelas organizadas e mantidas pela majoritária população negra, de origem africana. As irmandades de “homens de cor”, as mais numerosas, ao reinterpretarem o catolicismo, foram, assim, expressões de incorporação desses segmentos sociais ao mundo dos brancos e, em simultâneo, veículos de resistência cultural.
Principales rankings académicos internacionales: el caso de Chile
Authors: Ganga-Contreras Francisco , Sáez Walter , Calderón Adolfo-Ignacio , Calderón Ángel , Rodríguez-Ponce Emilio
Published: December 2019

Resumen Los rankings académicos (RACs), a pesar de recibir muchos cuestionamientos, se vienen destacando como un instrumento de evaluación externa de apoyo para la toma de decisiones de las universidades y de diferentes grupos de interés. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar y mapear – en términos de metodologías adoptadas, formas de selección de universidades y fuentes de información – los RACs chilenos, en una óptica comparativa con los más destacados rankings internacionales. Se realiza una investigación exploratoria, analítico-descriptiva y comparativa. Para ello, se utilizan fuentes secundarias, por medio de revisión de bases de datos, páginas web y artículos científicos (investigación bibliográfica y documental), clasificándose los RACs estudiados a partir de las especificidades de los datos por ellos utilizados. Se puede concluir que las principales diferencias existentes entre los rankings internacionales y los chilenos no pasan tanto por los criterios a evaluar, sino por la especificidad de los pesos dados a los indicadores adoptados. Cada ranking presenta un concepto propio de calidad, no existiendo un consenso entre ellos.
Incidence of corn stunt disease in off-season corn hybrids in different sowing seasons
Authors: Costa Rodrigo Véras da , Silva Dagma Dionísia da , Cota Luciano Viana , Campos Leonardo José Motta , Almeida Rodrigo Estavam Munhoz de , Bernardes Fernanda Pinheiro
Published: December 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the incidence of corn stunt disease and its effects on the grain yield of off-season corn (Zea mays) hybrids in different sowing seasons. The experiment was conducted in three sites in the state of Tocantins, in different sowing seasons, in a randomized complete block design, with 30 hybrids (treatments) and three replicates. Corn stunt disease incidence was assessed at 80 days after emergence, varying between hybrids and sowing seasons, with a marked effect of sowing season. The most resistant hybrids were: MG652 PW, Penta VIP, MG600 PW, NS90 PRO2, LG3040 VIP3, MG580 PW, and Defender VIP. The Fórmula VIP2 hybrid was the most susceptible to corn stunt disease. The incidence of the disease increased in the later sowing seasons, causing significant declines in grain yield. The most productive hybrids were: MG580 PW, SYN 5T78 VIP, 2B810 PRO, MG600 PW, Supremo VIP, 2B512 PW, NS92 PRO2, P30S31 VYH, MG652 PW, Penta VIP, SX5371 VIP3, and LG6036 PRO. Corn hybrids vary greatly in their resistance to corn stunt disease, and, the later the sowing season, the higher the disease incidence and the lower the grain yield.
Introducing rice yield loss caused by weed competition into the SimulArroz model
Authors: Richter Gean Leonardo , Streck Nereu Augusto , Zanon Alencar Junior , Ulguim André da Rosa , Kruse Nelson Diehl , Santos Gionei Alves de Assis dos , Cera Jossana Ceolin , Ribas Giovana Ghisleni , Duarte Junior Ary José , Pilecco Isabela Bulegon
Published: December 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to model weedy rice (Oryza sativa) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp.) competition with flood-irrigated rice, introducing it as a submodule into the SimulArroz model. The competition of both weeds with irrigated rice was modeled using the rectangular hyperbola equation. The “i” and “a” coefficients of the rectangular hyperbola for each of these weeds were obtained from the literature and from field experiments carried out in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In SimulArroz, yield loss was applied to penalize yield in all three technological levels (high, medium, and low) of physiological maturity. For weedy rice, the coefficient values of imean for the high, medium, and low technological levels were 1.04, 1.50, and 3.57 respectively, and, for barnyard grass, 4.70, 10.49, and 15.51 respectively. Coefficient “a” was 100 for weedy rice, and amean values for barnyard grass were 101.63, 104.92, and 96.88 for the high, medium, and low levels, respectively. The yield loss approach was suitable to model the competition of weedy rice and barnyard grass with irrigated rice. The submodule yield loss caused by the competition of weedy rice and barnyard grass with irrigated rice improves the predictive capacity of the SimulArroz model.
El cuidado de enfermería a los enfermos renales en hemodiálisis: desafíos, dilemas y satisfacciones
Authors: Ponce Karla Lizbeth Partida , Tejada-Tayabas Luz María , González Yadira Chávez , Haro Ofelia Hernández , Zúñiga Magdalena Lozano , Morán Ana Celia Anguiano
Published: December 2019

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los desafíos, dilemas y satisfacciones que presentan los profesionales de enfermería del área de hemodiálisis durante el cuidado al enfermo renal. Método: Se empleó la etnografía institucional, fueron realizadas 18 entrevistas semiestructuradas a nueve integrantes del personal de enfermería. Se llevó a cabo análisis de contenido convencional. Resultados: Para el personal de enfermería el cuidado representa desafíos como; la compleja condición física y emocional de los enfermos, el manejo de la tecnología para el cuidado y el afrontamiento del sufrimiento y muerte de los enfermos con quienes han establecido una relación cercana. Lo dilemas tienen que ver con el otorgamiento del cuidado a pacientes que se niegan a recibirlo y los costos personales y familiares que conlleva el tratamiento en contraste con la limitada calidad de vida de algunos pacientes. El trabajo colaborativo, la suficiencia de recursos así como la confianza y reconocimiento para desempeñar un trabajo independiente son las satisfacciones principales. Conclusión: Los hallazgos del estudio pueden asociarse a la presencia de desgaste profesional e interferir en la capacidad de construir relaciones interpersonales satisfactorias, disminuir la satisfacción laboral y la calidad del cuidado.
Grau de satisfação dos usuários de um hospital universitário: a influência da presença de alunos
Authors: Silva Flávia Janólio Costacurta Pinto da , Menegueti Mayra Gonçalves , Araújo Thamiris Ricci de , Andrade Joseilze Santos de , Gabriel Carmem Silva , Laus Ana Maria
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o grau de satisfação dos usuários internados em um Hospital Universitário quanto à qualidade do serviço hospitalar no período letivo versus período não letivo. Método: Estudo transversal desenvolvido em três unidades de internação com pacientes de 18 a 80 anos, que permaneceram internados por um período mínimo de 72 horas. Aplicaram-se um instrumento para a caracterização sociodemográfica da população e a escala para mensurar o grau de satisfação (SERVQUAL). A coleta de dados ocorreu em dois momentos distintos, caracterizados como período letivo e período não letivo. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 305 usuários do serviço, de ambos os sexos, com média de idade de 46,2 anos. Em relação às dimensões que compõem a escala SERVQUAL, a empatia foi referida como a que os usuários atendidos no período letivo se demonstraram mais insatisfeitos (p=0,01). Quanto à dimensão atendimento, o grau de satisfação dos usuários foi maior no período letivo (p=0,01). No tocante à tangibilidade, confiabilidade e segurança não houve diferença entre os dois períodos. Conclusão: Os usuários identificam uma melhor empatia e atendimento durante o período letivo, porém tal percepção não se refletiu na segurança e confiabilidade em relação ao serviço.
Confiabilidade e viabilidade de uso do Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory - 20 em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana crônica
Authors: Antonio Debora Alves de Freitas , Muller Amanda Gabriela , Butcher Rita de Cassia Gengo e Silva
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar as estimativas de confiabilidade e viabilidade de uso da versão traduzida e adaptada para uso no Brasil do Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory – 20 em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana crônica. Método: Estudo metodológico. O instrumento foi respondido pelos participantes sem auxílio das pesquisadoras. O tempo de preenchimento foi cronometrado, e as facilidades e dificuldades foram documentadas. A viabilidade de uso foi analisada por meio da aceitabilidade, praticabilidade, efeitos teto e chão. A confiabilidade foi estimada por meio da consistência interna. Resultados: A amostra foi composta de 201 participantes. O escore médio de fadiga foi 51,9 + 14,0. Houve pequena taxa de itens não respondidos (0,65%), embora 30,3% dos participantes solicitaram algum esclarecimento após a leitura das instruções; 37,3% relataram que tiveram dúvida ao responder aos itens, em especial, o 19. O tempo de resposta foi de 4,8 + 1,9 minutos. Não houve efeitos teto e chão. A estimativa de confiabilidade foi adequada. Conclusão: O instrumento necessita de ajustes na redação das instruções e de alguns itens, embora apresente boas estimativas de aceitabilidade e de confiabilidade.
Assistência de enfermagem ao recém-nascido com Ictiose Lamelar: um estudo de caso em unidade neonatal
Authors: Moraes Etiene Leticia Leone de , Freire Márcia Helena de Souza , Rocha Franciele , Secco Izabela Linha , Costa Taine , Afonso Regiane Queiroz
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: Apresentar os cuidados de enfermagem de um recém-nascido com Ictiose Lamelar internado na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal de hospital público infantil, em município do estado do Paraná, Brasil. Método: Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, metodologia de Estudo de Caso, na qual foi explorado um caso real em sistema delimitado, um estudo intralocal, com coleta de dados de múltiplas fontes de informações, em 66 dias de internação, em 2016. Resultados: Os cuidados de enfermagem presentes no protocolo basearam-se em: manter a integridade da pele por meio de hidratação e lubrificação contínua com emolientes, controle da temperatura, nutrição e prevenção de infecções secundárias. Conclusão: Mediante o estudo do caso, afirma-se que a implementação do Processo de Enfermagem, sobretudo do plano de cuidados, foi essencial para o sucesso multidisciplinar do tratamento. Houve melhora da pele e mucosas, prevenção de infecções, culminando com condições favoráveis de sobrevida e autonomia dos pais para os cuidados em domicílio.
Leslie K. Wang (2016) Outsourced Children: Orphanage Care and Adoption in Globalizing China. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Authors: Kovács Nóra
Published: December 2019

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The Main Issues in the System of Professional Training in the Social Work Sector in Vietnam. Solutions and Prospects for Development
Authors: Luong Manh Ha
Published: December 2019

This article gives an overview of current social work training issues in Vietnam and solutions are being implemented to address the major issues that Vietnam is facing. This article also refers to five major issues that currently directly affect the training and development of social work in Vietnam. Firstly, it is the training program framework (standard training programs). Secondly, the teaching staff in universities engaging in the training of social workers. Thirdly, practical training for students in universities and colleges in Vietnam. Fourthly, a lack of textbooks, teaching materials and electronic materials. Finally, the employment of students who have completed professional training in social work after graduation is a big problem
USE OF BACTERIA IN CANCER THERAPY (REVIEW)
Authors: Darmov I. V. , Kibirev Ya. A. , Marakulin I. V. , Yanov S. N.
Published: December 2019

Bacterial drugs for the treatment of malignant tumors have been discovered more than a hundred years ago, but their use in clinical practice has been very limited. In the past decade, there has been a revival of interest in the development of bacterial-based cancer biotherapies, which is associated with advances in genetic engineering and in depth knowledge of the mechanisms of the infectious process and immunity. The purpose of this review is to examine the current state and prospects for the development and use of drugs based on live bacterium, intended for the treatment of malignant tumors. The review presents evaluation data on experimental models of the antitumor potential of various species and strains of bacteria; the most significant results of clinical trials of bacterial antitumor agents; current trends in the design of bacterial strains for targeted drug delivery to the tumor. It is concluded that development of bacterial drugs for cancer therapy is a perspective branch of experimental oncology.
Comparison of the systems of classification of operational and strategic planning documents of the USSR and the USA during the Cold War
Authors: Saychuk Mykola
Published: December 2019

The system of secrecy of documents of operative-strategic planning which worked in the armed forces of the USSR and the USA during the Cold War the author analyzes based on his experience with archival documents. On the basis of the author’s experience with work with archival documents, this article analyzes the systems of classification of operational and strategic planning documents of the Armed Forces of the USSR and the USA during the Cold War. A comparison of documents’ classification levels and works of the regime-secret (classification) bodies is made. It is determined which secrecy classification levels and additional code words were used for different documents depending on the nature of the information contained in them: nuclear planning, mobilization planning, operational plans at the theaters of war.

After a detailed comparison, it is concluded that despite the widespread view of extraordinary secrecy in the USSR, in fact, the US regime-secret system was more advanced, demanding and rigid. The Soviet system included three levels of document secrecy. In addition, the US system had additional restrictions due to acronyms listing a narrow range of document users.

The aim of the article is to investigate documents that reveal the preparation for war in Europe during the Cold War.
Philosophy of Law in the System of Philosophy and Jurisprudence
Authors: Meshcheryakova Olga Mikhaylovna
Published: December 2019

The article seeks to substantiate the philosophical and legal approach to the law. The article deals with the problems of jurisprudence from the standpoint of the philosophy of law. The author considers historical-methods aspects of development of philosophy of law as the most important moment of formation of the European liberalism conditioned by the genesis thereof.The aim of the article is to describe the inf luence of the philosophy of law on the formation and development of a legal worldview.In the present article author researches questions of philosophy of law impact on the law. Among the philosophical and jurisprudential schools and disciplines, which significantly affected the establishment and transformation of legal philosophy the decisive role belonged to the entire philosophical system of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, including philosophy of law, history, religion, and logic. The question of what was the impact of philosophical system of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel for the formation of teaching on law is considered in the article.That is why, “Philosophy of Law” by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel is of high value in the history of political and legal though, and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel should take a worthy place among the patriarchs of the philosophy of law.These problems identified the subject of the study conducted in the article. The identification of certain features of succession with regard to Hegelian philosophy allowed us to indicate ways of enriching jurisprudence with the philosophy of law.The methodological basis of the research is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main place is occupied by the methods of historicism, comparative-legal, as well as formal-legal and systemic approach.Its provisions can be used in further studies on issues of philosophy of law and jurisprudence.
What does the Judiciary Depend on?
Authors: Guskova Anna Vyacheslavovna
Published: December 2019

Absolute procedural independence doesn’t exist. It relates to all system of law enforcement. By analyzing specific legal facts in this article will be reasonably prove from what the judicial authority depends on and in contrast to all proposition which were put forward will open the secret of its complete independence.The author earnestly proves that the procedural guarantees of judges independence are issues of territorial jurisdiction, features of institute criminal cases, such guarantee as irremovability, the issues of material security and even the secret of retiring room. This list is not exhaustive, but it gives a full picture of judicial independence.The final conclusion of this scientific article is that all available legislative guarantees which are aimed on ensuring the principle of independence of judges bears the potential to circumvent or interpret them in a convenient way. The most reliable foundation of independence is the high-quality selection of candidates for the position of judges. If a citizen by own moral, psychological and professional qualities can objectively, fairly, impartially and at the same time«graciously» approach to the resolution of the case - this will be the best foundation for his independent activity. In addition, the latest legislative trends associated with the introduction of information technology in the criminal procedure orbitare rated in the article. The author recognizes the importance of these processes and even formulates the hypothesis that the next type of criminal proceedings will be called technocentric. However, the author asserts the position that justice should be administered only by judges and the fate of people can’t be controlled by devices with artificial intelligence.
The concept of the Eurasian state in the context of the philosophical tradition of Russian emigration
Authors: Karabaeva Karlgash Diyarovna
Published: December 2019

The paper describes philosophical ideas of Eurasianism and a problem of choice Russia’s of the Eurasian state model in terms of modernity. The paper pays special attention to the studies of the Eurasianism founders of the 20s of the XX century, who have developed a strategy of the Eurasian state. The author emphasizes the importance of the Eurasian worldview in adjusting of the concept of the constitutional state to the current processes of globalization. In the author’s opinion, building of the Eurasian reality and acceptance of the Eurasian worldview are the basis for favorable environment in a country. The Eurasian worldview is based on the humanitarian principles, which are necessary for building self and healthy society in a State. The article suggests the basic criteria for implementation of the Eurasian worldview. This criteria is that a State should maintain stability without emphasizing the dominance of slavs, religion, turanstvo. According to the author, a State should not control these aspects, since they together should form a spiritual basis of the Russian society. The author pays special attention to the problems of globalization. According to the author, the Eurasian model of a State is based on the Eurasian values and attitudes that are in agreement with a concept of a State based on the rule of law. The study is based on dialectical method, according to which society, human, and state are considered in the process of continuous modification and interconnection.
Local Government and Prosecutor’s Office: Problems of Legislative Regulation
Authors: Uvarov Alexander Anatol'evich
Published: December 2019

On the basis of the analysis of legislation and juridical practice the article deals with the issues of optimization of the legal basis of interaction between local authorities and the prosecutor’s office. The purpose of this study is to solve the problems of legal regulation in the field of: implementation of prosecutorial supervision of law-making and other activities of local governments, cooperation of prosecutors and local authorities, assistance and assistance of prosecutors to local governments. The author examines the constitutional principles governing the activities of bodies of curator and local governments, their combination in areas of joint activity. At the same time it is concluded that the implementation of these principles is aimed, on the one hand, at the solution of state tasks to strengthen the rule of law, protection of human rights and freedoms and, on the other, - to expand the freedom and independence of local self-government. The article describes and classifies the forms of interaction between the prosecutor’s office and local authorities. Using the methods of scientific research (systematic, comparative legal, modeling, formal legal, etc.), the author comes to the conclusions about the insufficiency of the existing legal mechanism to optimize their joint activities on the issues of law-making and law enforcement, the need to supplement the current legislation with local forms of interaction initiated on the ground. The practical purpose of these and other conclusions is that they can be used in the preparation of relevant changes and additions to the federal legislation, as well as for educational purposes and practical work of the prosecutor’s office and local authorities.
Philosophy of Transformation of Evidence in the Development of New Technologies: International Aspect
Authors: Sedova Daria Alekseevna
Published: December 2019

Modern society is developing actively. It undergoes different changes, including in the process of technological and technical progress, which dictates the necessity of taking into account modern realities in the implementation of rights. Nevertheless, the law is currently quite conservative in its development in terms of the speed of its adaptation to new conditions or the demands of society. If we review, for example, the criminal process, then proof, as one of its institutions, is at the core, that is, the part that is stable and theoretically worked out sufficiently fully. That is why it is difficult to make changes in evidence as an institution of criminal proceedings. This article is directly related to the analysis of the prospects for the transformation of evidence in terms of digitalization on the example of the International Criminal Court (hereinafter - the ICC), which embodied the best practices of the countries of both Anglo-Saxon and Continental legal traditions in its model of criminal justice. In order to make a fair verdict, the ICC uses evidence that was gathered during the investigation. But what if “evidence” was discovered in a digital form? Does the ICC consider such “evidence” to be admissible and relevant? Today there are many new digital entities. These include blockchains, virtual money, cryptocurrencies, tokens, and so on. The specificity of new digital entities is that they have no material expression and are absolutely virtual in nature. That is why the need for doctrinal ref lection arises - will the proof process change in this case? After all, some modern digital entities today are used not only for legal purposes, which in turn leads to the need to find ways of fixing illegal actions using modern technologies. Analysis of the problems on the example of the ICC will allow to formulate the prospects for the transformation of evidence at the national level.
Risk-Based Approach and Pharmaceutical Compliance in the Sphere of State Supervision of Illegal Circulation of Medical Products
Authors: Maksimov Sergey Vasil'evich , Rudaya Tatyana Yur'evna , Utarov Kanat Alimtaevich
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the problems of introducing a risk-based approach to the regulation of federal state supervision in the sphere of circulation of medicines. The main drawbacks of the risk-based approach regulation in the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Government and Roszdravnadzor are highlighted. The discrepancy of certain provisions of the relevant acts to the principles of administrative law and the Code of the Russian Federation on administrative offences in the part relating to the assessment of the legal value of the period during which a person is considered to be subjected to administrative punishment is noted. Measures to improve the risk- based approach to the organization of state supervision in the sphere of circulation of medicines are proposed. In particular, data on the degree of compliance of the objects of control with the requirements of good practices (GxP, including GMP, GPP, GDP, etc.) and data on the presence of the objects of control systems of pharmaceutical compliance are proposed in the assessment of the risk of harm. The authors formulated the definition of the concept of pharmaceutical compliance. It is concluded that the inconsistency of the administrative-legal and criminal-legal policies to combat cartels in the EAEU member States creates significant risks to achieve the goals of creating a single market of medical products in the Eurasian Economic Union.
Research Roadmap Part 2
Authors: Akers Katherine G. , Alpi Kristine M. , Eldredge Jonathan D. , Holmes Heather N. , Powell Kimberly R. , Hoogland Margaret A.
Published: December 2019

Part 2 of 2 from the Research Roadmap session presented at the Annual Meeting of the Medical Library Association in 2018.
Plasma levels of total, free and protein bound thiols as well as sulfane sulfur in different age groups of rats.
Authors: Iciek Małgorzata , Chwatko Grazyna , Lorenc-Koci Elzbieta , Bald Edward , Włodek Lidia
Published: December 2019

The redox status of plasma thiols can be a diagnostic indicator of different pathological states. The aim of this study was to identify the age dependent changes in the plasma levels of total, free and protein bound glutathione, cysteine and homocysteine. The determination was conducted in plasma of three groups of rats: 1) young (3-month-old), 2) middle aged (19-month-old), and 3) old (31-month-old). Total levels of glutathione, cysteine and homocysteine and their respective free and protein-bound fractions decreased with age. The only exception was a rise in free homocysteine concentration in the middle group, which indicates a different pattern of transformations of this thiol in plasma. The drop in the level of protein-bound thiols suggests that the antioxidant capacity of plasma diminishes with age, which, consequently, leads to impaired protection of -SH groups through irreversible oxidation. The plasma sulfane sulfur level also declines with age, which means that aging is accompanied by inhibition of anaerobic sulfur metabolism.
Thiamine prevents X-ray induction of genetic changes in human lymphocytes in vitro.
Authors: Konopacka Maria , Rogoliński Jacek
Published: December 2019

The effects of thiamine (vitamin B1) on the level of spontaneous or radiation-induced genetic changes in human lymphocytes in vitro were studied. Cultured lymphocytes were exposed to increasing concentrations of thiamine (0-500 microg/ml) and irradiated with X-rays. The DNA damage was estimated as the frequency of micronuclei and apoptotic or necrotic morphological changes in fixed cells. The results show that thiamine alone did not induce genetic changes. A significant decrease in the fraction of apoptotic and necrotic cells was observed in lymphocytes irradiated in the presence of vitamin B1 at concentrations between 1-100 microg/ml compared to those irradiated in the absence of thiamine. Vitamin B1 at 1 and 10 microg/ml decreased also the extent of radiation-induced formation of micronuclei. Vitamin B1 had no effect on radiation-induced cytotoxicity as measured by nuclear division index. The results indicate that vitamin B1 protects human cells from radiation-induced genetic changes.
20 Years from the Establishment of Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
Authors: Nourizadeh Maryam , Bidad Katayoon , Eslami Mohammad Bagher , Rafiei Tehrani Shahnaz , Moin Mostafa
Published: December 2019

This article is an Editorial and does not include an Abstract.
Comparison of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Level in Coronary Artery Disease and Coronary Slow Flow of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Diah Muhammad , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Lelo Aznan , Muhktar Zulfikri , Lindarto Dharma , Sandra Ferry
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, an important primary pro-inflammatory cytokine, has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Since the pathophysiological mechanism of coronary slow flow (CSF) is not fully understood, we investigated the level of TNF-α in coronary artery disease (CAD), CSF and healthy subjects.METHODS: This study was conducted in cross-sectional design involving 16 CAD, 18 CSF and 18 healthy subjects. Coronary angiography was recorded at the left anterior oblique, cranial, right anterior oblique, caudal, and horizontal positions. The flow in coronary arteries of the subjects were assessed using Thrombolysis in the Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) frame count method. Peripheral blood-derived serum was collected and level of TNF-α was determined by using highly sensitive enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: No significant difference in level of TNF-α in CAD, CSF and healthy subjects (2.72±2.64 pg/mL, 1.88±0.8 pg/mL, 1.64±0.35 pg/mL, respectively) (p=0.087). In addition, there was no correlation between the concentration of TNF-α and TIMI frame count (r<0.2, p>0.05).CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference of TNF-α level in CAD, CSF and healthy subjects. In addition, there was no correlation between the TNF-α level with TIMI frame count as well. Nevertheless, further clinical studies with more subjects are needed.KEYWORDS: TNF-alpha, coronary artery disease, coronary slow flow
Clinicopathological Characteristic and Prognostic Significance of Indonesian Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Widodo Irianiwati , Dwianingsih Ery Kus , Aryandono Teguh , Soeripto Soeripto
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer subtype with negative expressions of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and Her-2 protein receptors. This subtype exhibits aggressive behavior and poor prognosis since it is unresponsive to hormonal and Her-2 targeted therapy. The identification of clinicopathological characteristics and their prognostic values will provide guidance in developing effective treatment. This study was performed to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance in Indonesian TNBC.METHODS: Forty paraffin-embedded tissues of TNBC, stage I to IIIA, dating from 2008 to 2010 in Dr. Sardjito Hospital, were enrolled. Survival follow-up was done from January 2008 to June 2013. The samples were immunostained with ER, PR and Her-2 monoclonal antibodies to determine the TNBC subtypes. The clinicopathological characteristics were statistically analyzed. The survival was analyzed using the Kaplan Meier method. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis.RESULTS: Mean age of TNBC patients was 51.42±11.72 years old, whereas the mean of tumor size was 5.4±2.92 cm. Lymph node metastasis was found in 70% of cases. Number of locally advanced samples (IIIA) was 37.5%, while moderate to high grade samples were 95%. Number of still alive patients at the end of the study was 55%. Number of patients that still alive up to the end of the study was 45.50%. Lymph node was an independent prognostic factor for survival of TNBC patients as positive status of lymph node increases the death risk to 6 times higher (p=0.02, RR=6.6). However, after being adjusted with age and stage, lymph node status was suggested as a modifier effect for the survival of TNBCs patients (RR=0.19).CONCLUSION: Indonesian TNBC patients were mostly found already with large tumor size, lymph node metastasis, high pathological grade and relatively young age. Lymph node status serves as a modifier effect for the survival of Indonesian TNBC.KEYWORDS: NBC, clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic significance
State evolution and conception of the right to education as a fundamental right
Authors: Silva Maria Magalhaes , Alves Dora Resende
Published: December 2019

The right to education as a fundamental right has followed the evolution of the democratic State and it can be found both at the level of the internal law of the States, in the constitutional texts and in international law. It appears in the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic of 1976, inserted in the economic, social and cultural rights and is consecrated in the European Union. Always as a value associated with the rule of law and democracy.Through a methodology with literature revision of portuguese national legal texts and of the EU law it is possible to analyze the progress achieved historically towards the impletation of the education as a fundamental right.

 Keywords: education; fundamental right; European Union.
Learning beyond the Classroom: A Student Teaches Peers about People with Mental Illness
Authors: Champlin Barbara , Tousignant Riley
Published: December 2019

This essay describes an educator's desire to teach her nursing students that individuals with mental illness are people and deserve to be treated with dignity and respect. During an informal discussion, she learned that one of her junior-level students has used art to educate nonnursing peers about the struggles that people with mental illness face every day and how to treat them with respect. The essay begins with a description of what the teacher hopes to convey to her students about people with mental illness. This is followed by a student essay that describes how she used photography to educate her nonnursing peers about the challenges that people with mental illness face, inviting them to act in ethical ways. In the end, both the teacher and the student are enlightened.
Comparison of Imitation From Screens Between Typically Developing Preschoolers and Preschoolers With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Learmonth Amy E. , Lui Madeline , Janhofer Emily , Barr Rachel , Gerhardstein Peter
Published: December 2019

Typically developing (TD) children exhibit a transfer deficit imitating significantly less from screen demonstrations compared to a live demonstrations. Although many interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) include video materials, little research exists comparing the effectiveness of video demonstration over live instruction. The current study compared imitation learning from live and screen-based demonstrations of how to make a puzzle by 3- to 4.5-year-old TD children (n= 68) and children with ASD (n= 17). Children were tested on either on a three-dimensional (3D) magnet board (MB) with magnetic puzzle pieces or a 2D touch screen (TS) with virtual puzzle pieces. Neither TD nor ASD children exhibited a transfer deficit suggesting that for this task, the transfer deficit ends around 3 years of age. Children with ASD were less efficient overall than TD children on the task and performed worse than their TD counterparts when they were tested with the 3D MB puzzle. These findings suggest that children with ASD have greater difficulty acting on 3D objects than 2D TSs. Future studies should investigate if TSs can be used to teach children with ASD other tasks (184 words).
Floristic Composition, Distribution, and Association of Pandanus (Pandanaceae) in Bukit Duabelas National Park Jambi
Authors: Prasaja Dimas
Published: December 2019

Pandanus species is widely distributed over Bukit Duabelas National Park in Jambi. Suku Anak Dalam (SAD), a local community living in Bukit Duabelas National Park area, use the natural fibers from Pandanus for many necessities, such as plaiting, building materials, and performing mytological rituals. This study aimed to examine floristic composition, distribution patterns, and association of pandanus species in Bukit Duabelas National Park. Sampling was conducted using a striped line, with a plot of 35 sample plots. Dominance of species was calculated using dominant type of important Value Index (IVI) based on the density, frequency, and dominance of sample plot enumeration. Distribution patterns was analyzed using the Morisita Index, while association patterns were measured by Contingency tables and Chi-square tests. Floristic composition was mostly found in the seedling strata consisting of 106 species. The species with highest important value index (IVI=14.53) was Palaquium gutta. There were two species of Pandanus (Benstonea kurzii and Benstonea atrocarpa) were spread in groups and three species of pandanus (Pandanus labyrinthicus, Pandanus furcatus, and Pandanus immersus) were spread evenly. The pandanus species found was associated with Benstonea kurzii was Litsea sp1. This present study suggested that the conservation of pandanus species should be conducted as a piece of rehabilitation of tropical forests in Bukit Duabelas National Park.