bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia after excisional treatment
Authors:   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zarochentseva N.V. , Dzhidzhikhiya L.K. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nabieva V.N. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2021

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) refers to precancerous changes in the cervix. After surgical treatment, a certain proportion of patients remain at risk of disease reccurence. Therefore, monitoring of patients after CIN surgery is an important and necessary part of their management tactics. Objective. Review of world literature on modern approaches to patients monitoring after using excisional methods of CIN treatment. Materials and methods. The information material includes data from scientific articles on the subject available in Pubmed and published over the past 20 years. Results. The analysis of data contained in modern literature on the frequency and risk factors for the development of reccurent CIN after excisional methods of treatment, diagnostic methods, the timing of follow-up examinations during post-operative monitoring, the main approaches to monitoring in different countries and the effectiveness of the proposed strategies for postoperative follow-up of patients after treatment was conducted. It was established that the approaches to the observation of this category of patients differ in various countries. Almost everywhere, the priority tool for monitoring of patients with CIN after treatment is a combined test, which involves a joint use of cytology and human papillomavirus tests. The main difference between countries is the timing of the first post-treatment follow-up visit. In some countries a follow-up visit is recommended within 24 months, while in others it is suggested to return to routine screening if the primary combined test is negative. Conclusion. Despite existing disagreements, the proposed post-operative monitoring strategies for CIN patients provide a fairly high percentage of “healing” and return to routine screening. Key words: human papillomavirus, monitoring, cervical cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, excisional treatment
FORMS OF ADDRESS AMONG LAW STUDENTS IN 19TH CENTURY SÃO PAULO: SYMMETRICAL RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Oliveira Marilza de , Soares Enedino
Published: April 2021

This paper, which traces the forms of address within the point of view of the socio-historical analysis of language, is based on the theory of language socialization (OCHS, 1996) and the theory of the interpretation of cultures (GEERTZ, 2011), and is inspired by the approach of communities of practice (ECKERT, 2000). The theories defend that the apprehension of any meaning assigned by a particular group depends on a dense description that provides an understanding of the web of meanings in which the subjects are immersed. Methodologically, it is based on the framework of the dimensions of power (BROWN; GILMAN, 1960), on the evidential paradigm (GINZBURG, 1989), and the proposal for the comparison on the grand scale developed by Elias (2001). The interpretative analysis of the forms of address allowed the separation of linguistic indicators from the uses that expressed sensitivities, correlating language and socio-cultural structure. The analysis shows that você is used to express aggressive behavior and fit of rage; você, in Bakhtinian view of carnival (BAKHTIN, 1987), sets the low in the place of the high in the address scale.
JORNALISMO DIGITAL EM PERSPECTIVA DIALÓGICA: UMA ANÁLISE DO GÊNERO EDITORIAL NA FOLHA DE S.PAULO
Authors: Mendes Heloisa Mara , Mendonça Marina Célia
Published: April 2021

Neste trabalho, pretendemos analisar, a partir da perspectiva dialógica, com base em escritos de Bakhtin e Volóchinov, editoriais publicados na edição digital do jornal Folha de S.Paulo. A escolha de enunciados pertencentes ao campo do jornalismo justifica-se pelo fato de que os gêneros discursivos não permanecem indiferentes às especificidades de sua atualização no campo da comunicação social a que pertencem. A análise evidencia uma arquitetônica por meio da qual são pressupostos dois públicos leitores distintos: um habitual, talvez mais culto e com disponibilidade de tempo para ler, e outro eventual, talvez, menos informado e com menos tempo livre.
TIPOLOGIA DE MARCADORES ILOCUCIONÁRIOS E SEU PAPEL NO ESTUDO DAS RELAÇÕES DE DISCURSO
Authors: Cunha Gustavo Ximenes
Published: April 2021

Neste trabalho, explicitamos o papel dos marcadores ilocucionários, conforme a tipologia proposta por Roulet, na definição das relações ilocucionárias. Na abordagem desse autor, o estudo das relações de discurso (ilocucionárias e interativas) se realiza em duas etapas. Inicialmente, estudam-se as relações genéricas e, em seguida, as relações específicas. No intuito de tornar a identificação das relações ilocucionárias mais precisa, propusemos neste trabalho que, em cada uma dessas etapas, sejam consideradas as instruções de determinados tipos de marcadores. Assim, os marcadores de orientação ilocucionária devem ser considerados na etapa de identificação das relações ilocucionárias genéricas. Já os demais marcadores – os marcadores de ato ilocucionário (denominativos, indicativos e potenciais) – devem ser considerados na análise das relações específicas. Com base na análise de um excerto de uma peça teatral, verificamos que, atuando nessas diferentes etapas, os marcadores ilocucionários permitem não só uma identificação mais precisa das relações ilocucionárias, mas também a percepção dos vínculos de ordem interpessoal existentes entre as personagens.
An Improved CNN-LSTM Network Based On Hierarchical Attention Mechanism For Motor Bearing Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Jiao Yisha , Wei Yaoguang , An Dong , Li Wenshu , Wei Qiong
Published: April 2021

Motor is widely used in industrial production, but the frequent motor bearing fault brings great safety hazard to the production. Traditional fault diagnosis methods often require prior signal processing knowledge and are inefficient. In order to solve this problem, the artificial intelligence fault diagnosis method has been applied in motor bearing fault diagnosis. With the help of the original motor running state signal collected by the sensors, non-invasive real-time detection of motor bearing fault can be realized. This paper presents an improved CNN-LSTM network based on hierarchical attention mechanism(CALSTM) for motor bearing fault diagnosis. In this artificial intelligence method, the fault characteristics of the original data can be learned by convolutional neural network, and then the importance of the features can be obtained by using hierarchical attention mechanism. Finally, the weighted results are sent to the LSTM network for time dimension selection. This method does not need signal processing and adaptively weights the features of each sample learned by the neural network, which enhances the explanatory ability of the learning process of the neural network. When carry out experiments on CWRU data set, and the experimental results indicate that, compared with several common models, CALSTM method has a better diagnosis effect, and the overall accuracy of the model reached 99.22%.
Tension-free Dirac strings and steered magnetic charges in 3D artificial spin ice
Authors: Koraltan Sabri , Slanovc Florian , Bruckner Florian , Nisoli Cristiano , Chumak Andrii , Dobrovolskiy Oleksandr , Abert Claas , Suess Dieter
Published: April 2021

3D nano-architectures present a new paradigm in modern condensed matter physics with numerous applications in photonics, biomedicine, and spintronics. They are promising for the realisation of 3D magnetic nano-networks for ultra-fast and low-energy data storage. Frustration in these systems can lead to magnetic charges or magnetic monopoles, which can function as mobile, binary information carriers. However, Dirac strings in 2D artificial spin ices bind magnetic charges, while 3D dipolar counterparts require cryogenic temperatures for their stability. Here, we present a micromagnetic study of a highly-frustrated 3D artificial spin ice harboring tension-free Dirac strings with unbound magnetic charges at room temperature. We use micromagnetic simulations to demonstrate that the mobility threshold for magnetic charges is by 2 eV lower than their unbinding energy. By applying global magnetic fields, we steer magnetic charges in a given direction omitting unintended switchings. The introduced system paves a way towards 3D magnetic networks for data transport and storage.
Cancer Survivors’ Greatest Challenges of Living with an Ostomy: Findings from the Ostomy Self-Management Telehealth (OSMT) Randomized Trial
Authors: Grant Marcia , Sun Virginia , Tallman Nancy J. , Wendel Christopher S. , McCorkle Ruth , Ercolano Elizabeth , Simons Christie , Mo Julia , Raza Sabreen , Donahue Deborah , Passero Frank , Henson Joshua , MacDougall Lyn , Friedlaender Jonathan , Pitcher Pamela , Fry Dan , Yonsetto Pete , Holcomb Michael J. , Hornbrook Mark C. , Weinstein Ronald S. , Krouse Robert S.
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesAn ostomy results in lifelong quality of life changes for a cancer survivor. We describe the greatest challenges reported from a randomized trial of cancer survivors with stomas (ostomies).MethodsCancer survivors with ostomies participating in a multi-site randomized prospective trial of an Ostomy Self-Management Telehealth (OSMT) Program versus usual care (UC) were surveyed at six months post accrual. An open-ended question requested greatest challenges after ostomy surgery. Quantitative descriptive and qualitative analyses were used to examine greatest challenges reported.Results118 trial participants identified greatest challenges with 55 in the OSMT and 63 in the UC. Six conceptual domains were used to code comments – Physical, Psychological, Social and Spiritual Quality of Life; Ostomy Specific Issues, and Health Care Issues. The OSMT contributed 187 comments and UC contributed 235 comments. Ostomy Specific Issues and Social Well Being had the most comments overall with UC contributing more comments in all domains except Physical Well Being. Word Clouds revealed Post-Operative and Treatment Related Issues and Going Out in Public as the most common challenges in both groups. Word Clouds compared types of ostomies revealing Bowel Function challenges (colostomy group), Difficulties Going Out in Public (ileostomy group), and Positive Support (urostomy group).ConclusionsFewer challenges submitted by the OSMT group provides beginning evidence of the OSMT Program impact. Dominant challenges across both groups were Social Well Being and Ostomy Care. Challenges varied by type of ostomy. Findings support long term care and support for all cancer survivors with ostomies.Trial Registration: NCT02974634
Can COVID-19 Cause Peripheral Facial Nerve Palsy?
Authors: Egilmez Oguz Kadir , Gundogan Mahmut Emre , Yilmaz Mahmut Sinan , Guven Mehmet
Published: April 2021

Background/Objective: The aim of our study is to evaluate the relationship between peripheral facial paralysis and the patients who had a contact with a Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient or had COVID-19.Methods: Patients with a history of contact with a COVID-19 patient or having COVID-19 disease, who were admitted to the emergency department for peripheral facial paralysis in the last 6 months were included in the study. Facial paralysis grade at first presentation, treatment modality, treatment duration, post-treatment facial paralysis grade, and additional findings were analyzed.Results: A total of 34 patients, 20 females and 14 males, were included into the study. Nasal-oropharyngeal Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test taken from patients with a history of contact, and patients having COVID-19 disease were determined as positive in 5 and 3 patients, respectively. Peripheral facial paralysis was detected as an initial finding in 5 of these 8 patients, and paralysis developed in 7 to 12 days after the diagnosis of the COVID-19 disease in the remaining 3 patients. The grade of first admission paralysis did not change in one patient in the (+) group, while improvement was observed in all patients in the (-) group.Conclusion: Neuroinvasive potential of COVID-19 in central and peripheral nervous system was reported in current literature. Our study indicates peripheral facial palsy can also be encountered during the clinical course of COVID-19 and should be considered as a finding of this disease.
Bifunctional copper-zinc bimetallic tungstate nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide (CuZnWO4/rGO) for high-performance photocatalytic and supercapacitor application
Authors: Dhandapani Elumalai , S Prabhu , Duraisamy Navaneethan , R Ramesh
Published: April 2021

In the present work, an attempt to synthesis of bimetallic copper zinc tungstate (CuZnWO4) nanoparticles with reduced graphene oxide (CuZnWO4/rGO) via one-step hydrothermal technique. The synthesized CuZnWO4/rGO composite are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) and Photoluminescence (PL). The photocatalytic performance is examined by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible-light irradiation. The MB dye isalmost 73 % degraded within 80 minutes. Further, the electrochemical performance of hybrid CuZnWO4–rGOcomposite showed the specific capacity (SC) of 480 Fg− 1 at 4 Ag− 1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte with excellent cyclabilityconserving a capacitance retention of 127% after 5000 cycles due to increase diffusion of electrolyte ions to the electrode materials. These results support that the hybrid CuZnWO4–rGO composite as an appropriate electrode material for high-performance SCs electrode and an auspicious catalyst for the degradation of dye (organic) contaminants in aqueous media.
Quantitative Analysis of the MRI Features in the Differentiation of Benign, Borderline, and Malignant Epithelial Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Xiao Fuxia , Zhang Lin , Yang Sihua , Peng Kun , Hua Ting , Tang Guangyu
Published: April 2021

Objective: This study aims to investigate the value of the quantitative indicators of MRI in the differential diagnoses of benign, borderline, and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors (EOTs).Materials and Methods: The study population comprised 477 women with 513 masses who underwent MRI and operation, including benign EOTs (BeEOTs), borderline EOTs (BEOTs), and malignant EOTs (MEOTs). The clinical information and MRI findings of the three groups were compared. Then, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to find the independent diagnostic factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the quantitative indicators of MRI and clinical information in differentiating BeEOTs from BEOTs or differentiating BEOTs from MEOTs.Results: The MEOTs likely involved postmenopausal women and showed higher CA-125, HE4 levels, ROMA indices, peritoneal carcinomatosis and bilateral involvement than BeEOTs and BEOTs. Compared with BEOTs, BeEOTs and MEOTs appeared to be more frequently oligocystic (P < 0.001). BeEOTs were more likely to show mild enhancement (P < 0.001) and less ascites (P = 0.003) than BEOTs and MEOTs. In the quantitative indicators of MRI, BeEOTs usually showed thin-walled cysts and no solid component. BEOTs displayed irregular thickened wall and less solid portion. MEOTs were more frequently characterized as solid or predominantly solid mass (P < 0.001) than BeEOTs and BEOTs. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that volume of the solid portion (P = 0.006) , maximum diameter of the solid portion(P = 0.038), enhancement degrees (P < 0.001), and peritoneal carcinomatosis (P = 0.011) were significant indicators for the differential diagnosis of the three groups. The area under the curves (AUCs) of above indicators and combination of four image features except peritoneal carcinomatosis for the differential diagnosis of BeEOTs and BEOTs, BEOTs and MEOTs ranged from 0.74 to 0.85, 0.58 to 0.79, respectively.Conclusion: In this study, the characteristics of MRI can provide objective quantitative indicators for the accurate imaging diagnosis of three categories of EOTs and are helpful for clinical decision-making. Among these MRI characteristics, the volume, diameter, and enhancement degrees of the solid portion showed good diagnostic performance.
Preparation of Aspergillus niger 426 naringinases for debittering citrus juice using of agro-industrial residues
Authors: de Oliveira Fernanda , Castellane Tereza Cristina Luque , de Melo Marcelo Rodrigues , Buzato João Batista
Published: April 2021

Naringin (4,5,7-trihydroxy flavanone-7-rhamnoglucoside), considered as the main bitter component of grapefruit, requires the use of enzymes to reduce the level of this substance during juice processing. For this reason, it has been the focus of many studies. To increase the production of naringinase by Aspergillus niger cultivated in solid-state fermentation (SSF), it was verified whether the influence of agro-industrial residues as fermentation substrates and, finally, selected the best of the three inducers, or their mixtures to remove the bitterness of grapefruit juice. Cultivation with 2.3 g of grapefruit peel, 2.5 g of rice bran, and 5.2 g of wheat bran and medium supplementation with a mixture of naringin, rutin, and hesperidin in the concentration of (g / L): 2, 5, 4.5, and 3.0, respectively, leading to a maximum activity of 28 U / mL. The results indicate that the sequencing procedure, which allowed the definition of an optimal mixture of components, is a new way for microorganisms to have a high naringinase yield, in particular by SSF, since our data showed a 96% increase in the production of naringinase.
A Randomized Clinical Control Study on The Efficacy of Three-Dimensional Upper Limb Robotic Exoskeleton Training in Chronic Stroke
Authors: Frisoli Antonio , Barsotti Michele , Sotgiu Edoardo , Lamola Giuseppe , Procopio Caterina , Chisari Carmelo
Published: April 2021

Background - Although robotics assisted rehabilitation has proven to be effective in stroke rehabilitation, a limited functional improvements in Activities of Daily Life has been also observed after the administration of the robotic intervention. To this aim in this manuscript we compare the efficacy in terms of both clinical and functional outcomes of a robotic training performed with a multi-joint functional exoskeleton in goal-oriented exercises compared to a conventional physical therapy program, equally matched in terms of intensity and time. As a secondary goal of the study, it was assessed the capability of kinesiologic measurements - extracted by the exoskeleton robotic system - of predicting the rehabilitation outcomes using a set of robotic biomarkers collected at the baseline. Methods – A parallel-group randomized clinical trial was conducted within a group of 26 chronic post-stroke patients. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups receiving robotic or manual therapy. The primary outcome was the change in score on the upper extremity section of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) scale. As secondary outcome a specifically designed bimanual functional scale, Bimanual Activity Test (BAT), was used for upper limb functional evaluation. Two robotic performance indices were extracted with the purpose of monitoring the recovery process and investigating the interrelationship between pre-treatment robotic biomarkers and post-treatment clinical improvement in the robotic group. Results – A significant clinical and functional improvements in both groups (p<0.01) was reported. More in detail a significantly higher improvement of the robotic group was observed in the proximal portion of the FMA (p<0.05) and in the timing for accomplishing the tasks of the BAT (p<0.01). The multilinear-regression analysis pointed out a significant correlation between robotic biomarkers at the baseline and change in FMA score (R2 = 0.91, p<0.05), suggesting their potential ability of predicting clinical outcomes. Conclusion – Exoskeleton-based robotic upper limb treatment might lead to better functional outcomes, if compared to manual physical therapy. The extracted robotic performance could represent predictive indices of the recovery of the upper limb. These results are promising for their potential exploitation in implementing personalized robotic therapy. Clinical Trial Registration – clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03319992 Unique Protocol ID: RH-UL-LEXOS-10. Registered 20.10.2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03319992
Coupled Structural-Rheological Numerical Analysis of Injection Mold
Authors: Oliveira Cedrico , Peixinho Nuno , Meireles José
Published: April 2021

The production of injection molds is an important industry for manufacturing of plastic parts. Considering that time to market reduction is important, it becomes fundamental the use of numerical simulation to reduce design errors. The objective of this work is the presentation of an algorithm for the connection between Moldflow and ANSYS to import loads and then the study of the differences on the approaches studying the tool behavior when considering quasi-static or transient numerical simulation. From this work it was possible to have an overview of where each kind of simulation approach could be used.
DeepPhospho: Accelerate DIA phosphoproteome profiling by Deep Learning
Authors: Shui Wenqing , Lou Ronghui , Liu Weizhen , Li Rongjie , Li Shanshan , He Xuming
Published: April 2021

Phosphoproteomics integrating data-independent acquisition (DIA) has enabled deep phosphoproteome profiling with improved quantification reproducibility and accuracy compared to data-dependent acquisition (DDA)-based phosphoproteomics. DIA data mining heavily relies on a spectral library that in most cases is built on DDA analysis of the same sample. Construction of this project-specific DDA library impairs the analytical throughput, limits the proteome coverage, and increases the sample size for DIA phosphoproteomics. Herein we introduce a novel deep neural network, DeepPhospho, which conceptually differs from previous deep learning models to achieve accurate predictions of LC-MS/MS data for phosphopeptides. By leveraging in silico libraries generated by DeepPhospho, we established a new DIA workflow for phosphoproteome profiling which involves DIA data acquisition and data mining with DeepPhospho predicted libraries, thus circumventing the need of DDA library construction. Our DeepPhospho-empowered workflow substantially expanded the phosphoproteome coverage while maintaining high quantification performance, which led to the discovery of more signaling pathways and regulated kinases in an EGF signaling study than the DDA library-based approach. DeepPhospho is provided as a web server to facilitate user access to predictions and library generation.
US-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of Para-Aortic Lymph Nods Metastasis in Uterine Cervical Cancer: Accuracy and Impact on Clinical Decision Making
Authors: Liu Junping , Liu Xin , Guo Zhengying , Lv Xiaojuan , Mao Weimin , Xu Dong , Wang Lijing
Published: April 2021

Objective: To investigate whether ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration cytology(US-FNAC) is an effective technique for diagnosing para-aortic lymph nodes(PALNs) metastasis in uterine cervical cancer and access the impact on clinical therapeutic decision. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 92 patients with PALN enlargement in cervical cancer between 2010 and 2018. The US-FNAC cytological results were classified by the same experienced cellular pathologists. The diagnostic indicators were calculated according to biopsy , imaging and clinical follow-up results. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to analyze the differences of influencing factors. The effect of US-FNAC on clinical decision making was evaluated. Results: The results of cytological diagnosis by US-FNAC were categorized as malignancy(n=62;67.4%), suspicious malignancy(n=11;12.0%), undetermined(n=5;5.4%), benign (n=10;10.9%), and inadequacy(n=4;4.3%). The satisfactory biopsy samples were obtained from 95.7% of PLANs (88/92). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of FNAC in distinguishing benign from malignant were 90.1%(95%CI:0.809-0.953), 100%(95%CI:0.561-1), 100%(95%CI:0.938-1), 46.7%(95%CI:0.223-0.726) and 90.9%(95%CI:0.848-0.970) respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that experience of the puncture physicians(radiologists) was significant differences between the correct diagnosis group and wrong diagnosis group (P<0.05); the experience was confirmed as independent predictor of diagnostic accuracy by multivariate analysis (p=0.031,OR=0.077,95%CI:0.354-0.919). All patients tolerated the US-FNAC procedure well and only nine patients presented slight abdominal discomfort. Through US-FNAC technique, the therapeutic methods of 74 patients (80.4%) were subjected to affect.Conclusions: US-FNAC is a relatively safe and effective examination technique for enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes, which can be considered as a routine examination before treatment of cervical cancer to guide clinical decision-making.
Highly sensitive refractive index sensor by floating nano-particles in the solution for the detection of glucose/fructose concentration
Authors: Bahador Hamid , Heidarzadeh Hamid
Published: April 2021

In this research, an optimum design for better usage of field resonance was proposed. More interaction of the field that formed around nano-particles with a solution which has refractive index variations substantially can increase the sensitivity of the plasmonic biosensors. More interaction could be provided by floating nano-particles in the solution. The proposed structure, which has peak plasmonic resonance, has better light sensing features in comparison to similar non-floating structures. While without floating nano-particle, sensitivity is 265.8 nm/RIU with the realization of the full floating nano-particles, the sensitivity of the structure with elliptic disc and circular disc nano-particles are 574.2 nm/RIU and 425 nm/RIU, respectively. FWHM (Full width at half maximum) of the structure with elliptic disc and circular disc nano-particles are 57.4 nm and 49.4 nm, respectively. In presence of meshed SiO2 network and pseudo-floating form, sensitivity and FWHM of the structure are 504 nm/RIU and 58.4 nm for elliptic discs and 372 nm/RIU and 49.9 nm for circular discs, respectively.
IL-1β and HMGB1 are anti-neurogenic to endogenous neural stem cells in the sclerotic epileptic human hippocampus
Authors: Zaben Malik , Haan Niels , Sharouf Feras , Ahmed Aminul , Sundstrom Lars , Gray William
Published: April 2021

Background: The dentate gyrus exhibits life-long neurogenesis of granule-cell neurons, supporting hippocampal dependent learning and memory. Both temporal lobe epilepsy patients and animal models frequently have hippocampal-dependent learning and memory difficulties and show evidence of reduced neurogenesis. Animal and human temporal lobe epilepsy studies have also shown strong innate immune system activation, which in animal models reduces hippocampal neurogenesis. We sought to determine if and how neuroinflammation signals reduced neurogenesis in the epileptic human hippocampus and its potential reversibility.Methods: We isolated endogenous neural stem cells from surgically resected hippocampal tissue in 15 patients with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis. We examined resultant neurogenesis after growing them either as neurospheres in an ideal environment, in 3D cultures which preserved the inflammatory microenvironment and/or in 2D cultures which mimicked it.Results: 3D human hippocampal cultures largely replicated the cellular composition and inflammatory environment of the epileptic hippocampus. The microenvironment of sclerotic human epileptic hippocampal tissue is strongly anti-neurogenic, with sustained release of the proinflammatory proteins HMGB1 and IL-1β. IL-1β and HMGB1 significantly reduce human hippocampal neurogenesis and blockade of their IL-1R and TLR 2/4 receptors by IL1Ra and Box-A respectively, significantly restores neurogenesis in 2D and 3D culture. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a HMGB1 and IL-1β-mediated environmental anti- neurogenic effect in human TLE, identifying both the IL-1R and TLR 2/4 receptors as potential drug targets for restoring human hippocampal neurogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy.
Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals from Six Forest Plants: Insights into the Mechanistic Inhibition of Rumen Protozoa, Ammoniagenesis, and Α-Glucosidase
Authors: Ayemele Aurele Gnetegha , Ma Lu , Li Xiumei , Yang Peilong , Xu Jianchu , Yu Zhongtang , Bu Dengpan
Published: April 2021

Rumen protozoa have a little contribution to the feed digestibility but Entodinium, the most predominant genus, is unfortunately culprit of the nitrogen utilization inefficiency. To bridge the gap, antibiotics have been used to inhibit the rumen protozoa but unfortunately, due to the health concern, this could not be really applied at the farm level, especially in the organic farms where the use of natural plants is an utmost priority. Therefore, our study aimed at investigating the nutritional and functional properties of six forest plants for their potential as feed additives in animal husbandry. The plants were analyzed for major phytochemicals using reversed phase-HPLC analysis and then evaluated for their in-vitro suppressing effect on rumen protozoa, ammoniagenesis, and microbial α-glucosidase activity. For each plant, four doses (0, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1 mg/mL culture fluid) displayed in a complete randomized design were used. Quercetin, anthraquinone, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, astragaloside, and myricetin were found to different extent (P ≤ 0.05) in the plant leaves. All the tested plants reduced total rumen protozoa counts but C. gigantea and B. rapa had the most inhibitory effect (P ≤ 0.05), inhibiting the rumen protozoa by 45.6 and 65.7%, respectively, at the dose of 1.1 mg/mL. Moreover, the scanning electron microscopy revealed the mechanistic disruption of the extracellular membrane of the protozoa, indicating their metabolic death pathway. Only C. gigantea inhibited the rumen protozoa in a proportion that also led to the reduction of the wasteful ammonia production (P ≤ 0.05). Besides, A. digitata and F. macrophylla have the higher inhibition rate (70%) of the microbial α-glucosidase activity at 100 µg/mL of crude extract. Overall, the plants showed promising results as functional feed additives although future research on bio-guided fractionation is needed to accurately identify the pure anti-protozoal bioactive compound(s).
Integrative Analysis Reveals the Prognostic Value and Functions of Splicing Factors Implicated in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yue , Yang Fan , Shang Jiaqi , He Haitao , Yang Qing
Published: April 2021

Splicing factors (SFs) play critical roles in the pathogenesis of various cancers through regulating tumor-associated alternative splicing (AS) events. However, the clinical value and biological functions of SFs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain obscure. In this study, we identified 40 dysregulated SFs in HCC and established a prognostic model composed of four SFs (DNAJC6, ZC3H13, IGF2BP3, DDX19B). The predictive efficiency and independence of the prognostic model were confirmed to be satisfactory. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) illustrated the risk score calculated by our prognostic model was significantly associated with multiple cancer-related pathways and metabolic processes. Furthermore, we constructed the SFs-AS events regulatory network and extracted 108 protein-coding genes from the network for following functional explorations. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network delineated the potential interactions among these 108 protein-coding genes. GO and KEGG pathway analyses investigated ontology gene sets and canonical pathways enriched by these 108 protein-coding genes. Overlapping the results of GSEA and KEGG, seven pathways were identified to be potential pathways regulated by our prognostic model through triggering aberrant AS events in HCC. In conclusion, the present study established an effective prognostic model based on SFs for HCC patients. Functional explorations of SFs and SFs-associated AS events provided directions to explore biological functions and mechanisms of SFs in HCC tumorigenesis.
A Full Freedom Pose Measurement Method of Industrial Robot Based on Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
Authors: Lu Xinghua , Chen Yunsheng , Yuan Ziyue
Published: April 2021

In order to improve the efficiency of robot operation in the field of industrial automation, a full freedom pose measurement method of industrial robot based on reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed. According to the characteristics of two-wheel independent driving industrial robot, the attitude of the robot in three kinds of moving modes in unconstrained space is calculated. The algorithm for measuring the full degree of freedom of industrial robot is given by the multi-agent method of population particle optimization combined with the reinforcement learning algorithm (PSO-QL). The experimental results show that the proposed method has the advantages of low accuracy, high measurement efficiency, high success rate of grabbing and avoiding obstacles and good application effect.
The impact of COVID-19 on the lives of community- dwelling people with dementia and informal carers in the context of using the social and medical services – a qualitative study
Authors: Maćkowiak Maria , Senczyszyn Adrianna , Lion Katarzyna , Trypka Elżbieta , Małecka Monika , Ciułkowicz Marta , Mazurek Justyna , Świderska Roksana , Giebel Clarissa , Gabbay Mark , Rymaszewska Joanna , Szcześniak Dorota
Published: April 2021

Background:

Older people with dementia are particularly at risk of COVID-19, whilst still little is known about the indirect impact of the Pandemic on the lives of those living with and caring for someone with dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the Pandemic on the lives of people with dementia and their informal carers in the context of using social and medical services in Poland.
Methods:

A qualitative thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with people with dementia (n = 5) and informal carers (n = 21) was performed. Interviews were collected between June and August 2020 via phone after the first wave of COVID-19 in Poland. Data were analysed using NVivo software by four team members.
Results:

Three overarching themes emerged: (1) Care re-organization; (2) Psychological responses; (3) Emerging needs. The factor underlying all these elements were a reliance on other people. Regardless of the type of support (informal or formal), a sense of presence of others and maintaining mutual contacts displayed as crucial elements influencing the well-being of people with dementia and informal carers.
Conclusions:

Social support and engagement are vital to the ongoing health and wellbeing of people living with dementia and their informal carers. Services need sustaining to provide ongoing provision to those living with dementia to reach pre-pandemic levels, if not better. Within the post-pandemic environment people with dementia and their informal carers need reassurance that they can rely on external institutional and social support able to meet their need.
Title of Manuscript: Risk-Stratification in Febrile Infants 29 to 60 Days Old: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Noorbakhsh Kathleen A. , Ramgopal Sriram , Rixe Nancy S. , Dunnick Jennifer , Smith Kenneth J.
Published: April 2021

Background: Multiple clinical prediction rules have been published to risk-stratify febrile infants ≤60 days of age for serious bacterial infections (SBI), which is present in 8-13% of infants. We evaluate the cost-effectiveness of strategies to identify infants with SBI in the emergency department.Methods: We developed a Markov decision model to estimate outcomes in well-appearing, febrile term infants, using the following strategies: Boston, Rochester, Philadelphia, Modified Philadelphia, Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN), Step-by-Step, Aronson, and clinical suspicion. Infants were categorized as low risk or not low risk using each strategy. Simulated cohorts were followed for one year from a healthcare perspective. Our primary model focused on bacteremia, with secondary models for urinary tract infection and bacterial meningitis. One-way, structural, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. The main outcomes were SBI correctly diagnosed and incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained.Results: In the bacteremia model, the PECARN strategy was the least expensive strategy ($3,671, 0.779 QALYs). The Boston strategy was the most cost-effective strategy and cost $9,799/QALY gained. All other strategies were less effective and more costly. Despite low initial costs, clinical suspicion was among the most expensive and least effective strategies. Results were sensitive to the specificity of selected strategies. In probabilistic sensitivity analyses, the Boston strategy was most likely to be favored at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000/QALY. In the urinary tract infection model, PECARN was preferred compared to other strategies and the Boston strategy was preferred in the bacterial meningitis model.Conclusions: The Boston clinical prediction rule offers an economically reasonable strategy compared to alternatives for identification of SBI.
Ectoparasites infecting Mugil curema (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) in Amapá state estuary, in the northern Brazilian coast region
Authors: Santos Joilson Rodrigues dos , Esteves-Silva Pedro Hugo , Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo , Tavares-Dias Marcos
Published: April 2021

In fish, one of the most important interactions is that occur between parasite species and environment. Wild fish interactions with parasites of different taxa can result in diseases for fish and consequently damages to the fishing industry. This study investigated the ectoparasite fauna in Mugil curema in Amapá state estuary, in Brazilian coast region. The parasite prevalence was 51.4%, and a total of 282 parasites were collected among Ligophorus brasiliensis (Dactylogyridae), Excorallana longicornis (Corallanidae), larvae of Gnathia sp. (Gnathiidae) and Ergasilus atafonensis (Ergasilidae), but the dominance was of L. brasiliensis. The parasites presented highly aggregated dispersion, except for Gnathia sp. that had a random dispersion. There was a predominance of hosts parasitized by zero and one species. The relative condition factor did not differ between parasitized and non-parasitized fish. The body size of hosts did not influence the parasite abundance. The community of ectoparasites consisted of low species richness with low infection levels. This is the first study on parasites of fish from the coast of the State of Amapá and is the first report of Gnathia sp. for M. curema.
Successful Endovascular Stenting of a Bleeding External Iliac Vein Mycotic Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Parikh Rupal , Li Shiyi , Shackles Christopher , Khaddash Tamim
Published: April 2021

Background: Mycotic aneurysms are rare vascular lesions, occurring in 0.6-2% of arterial aneurysms but with no reported venous cases. Venous aneurysms unrelated to an underlying infectious process have been previously described and are typically surgically repaired due to risk of thromboembolic events. Only a few reported cases have been successfully treated with endovascular repair. Case presentation: This case reports a bleeding external iliac vein mycotic aneurysm secondary to erosion of a chronic pelvic abscess, successfully treated with endovascular stenting. Conclusion: Venous aneurysms are uncommon vascular lesions which have historically been treated with open surgical repair. Given the lower degree of procedural morbidity, endovascular management of these lesions may be an effective option in the appropriate setting.
Information flow of spontaneous and auditory-evoked neural activity in the rat thalamo-cortical system
Authors: Ishizu Kotaro , Shiramatsu Tomoyo I. , Hitsuyu Rie , Oizumi Masafumi , Tsuchiya Naotsugu , Takahashi Hirokazu
Published: April 2021

The interaction between the thalamus and sensory cortex plays critical roles in sensory processing. Previous studies have revealed pathway-specific synaptic properties of thalamo-cortical connections. However, few studies to date have investigated how each pathway routes moment-to-moment information. Here, we simultaneously recorded neural activity in the auditory thalamus (or ventral division of the medial geniculate body; MGv) and primary auditory cortex (A1) with a laminar resolution in anesthetized rats. Transfer entropy (TE) was used as an information theoretic measure to operationalize “information flow”. Our analyses confirmed that communication between the thalamus and cortex was strengthened during presentation of auditory stimuli. In the resting state, thalamo-cortical communications almost disappeared, whereas cortico-cortical communications were strengthened. The predominant source of information was the MGv at the onset of stimulus presentation and layer 5 during spontaneous activity. In turn, MGv was the major recipient of information from layer 6. TE suggested that a small but significant population of MGv-to-A1 pairs was “information-bearing,” whereas A1-to-MGv pairs typically exhibiting small effects played modulatory roles. These results highlight the capability of TE analyses to unlock novel avenues for bridging the gap between well-established anatomical knowledge of canonical microcircuits and physiological correlates via the concept of dynamic information flow.
The inhibition of photosynthesis of Angelica dahurica caused by early bolting
Authors: Jiang Yi-Jie , Liu Ren-Lang , Du Xuan , Zhang Hui-Hui , Hou Kai , Chen Yin-Yin , Feng Dong-Ju , Wu Wei
Published: April 2021

Background Ealy bolting affects the photosynthesis of plants. However, there are positive or negative impacts in different plants. The mechanism of photosynthesis pathway respond to early bolting is still a mystery. Angelica dahurica is a traditional Chinese medical plant that has been used as the raw material of medicine and food. Early bolting of Angelica dahurica occurring in the field production, which decreases quality and yield of A. dahurica. Results In this research, we firstly revealed the damage of early bolting on the photosynthesis of A. dahurica. The photosynthetic capacity significantly decreased after bolting. The metabonomic analysis showed that the chlorophyll synthesis metabolism was repressed and the accumulation of saturated fatty acid increased after early bolting. Meanwhile, transcriptomic analysis indicated a down-regulation of photosynthetic electron transport and up-regulation of saturated fatty acid synthesis. Interestedly, an unexpected raise in Rubisco and PEPC activities of the leaves of early bolting plants was found in our research. Conclusion The photosynthesis is repressed by early bolting in transcriptomics and metabonomics. Meanwhile, early bolting induced accumulation of saturated fatty acid and increased the activities of PEPC and Rubisco. It suggested a special mediated way responds to the inhibition of photosynthesis of A. dahurica by early bolting.
A Study of Wound Healing in 402 Calcaneus Fracture Cases Using Precise Extensive L-Shaped Incision
Authors: Hou Fushan , Liang Xiao , Xi Kun , Zhao Feng , Wang Bin , Fan Wei , Zhao Bin , Li Dong
Published: April 2021

Background: To investigate wound healing in 402 calcaneus fracture cases using precise extensive L-shaped incision.Method: We retrospectively analyzed 402 calcaneus fracture cases, involving patients who underwent heel bone reduction and internal fixation, using precise extensive L-shaped incision, at the second hospital of Shanxi medical university between January 2018 and December 2020. Postoperative would healing was evaluated using a self-designed skin margin grading system. Results: The patients experienced osseous healing after the surgery. A Maryland foot score of ≥90% was considered excellent. The skin margins from Grade I, II, III injuries healed spontaneously after dressing change. However, Grade IV injuries healed after debridement or removal of internal fixation.Conclusions: The precise extensive L-shaped incision, used in this study, allowed for fewer postoperative wound complications and lower incidence of skin necrosis.
RNAseq Analysis of Treatment-dependent Signaling Changes During Inflammation in a Mouse Cutaneous Wound Healing Model.
Authors: Laurent III Georges St. , Toma Ian , Seilheimer Bernd , Cesnulevicius Konstantin , Schultz Myron , Tackett Michael , Zhou Jianhua , Ri Maxim , Shtokalo Dmitry , Antonets Denis , Jepson Tisha , McCaffrey Timothy A.
Published: April 2021

Background: Despite proven therapeutic effects in inflammatory conditions, the specific mechanisms of phytochemical therapies are not well understood. The transcriptome effects of Tr14 (Traumeel), a multicomponent natural product, and diclofenac, a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, were compared in a mouse cutaneous wound healing model to identify both known and novel pathways for the anti-inflammatory effect of plant-derived natural products. Methods: Skin samples from abraded mice were analyzed by single-molecule, amplification-free RNAseq transcript profiling at 7 points between 12-192 hours after injury. Immediately after injury, the wounds were treated with either diclofenac, Tr14, or placebo control (n=7 per group/time). RNAseq levels were compared between treatment and control at each time point using a systems biology approach. Results: At early time points (12-36 hours), both control and Tr14-treated wounds showed marked increase in the inducible COX2 enzyme mRNA, while diclofenac-treated wounds did not. Tr14, in contrast, modulated lipoxygenase transcripts, especially ALOX12/15, and phospholipases involved in arachidonate metabolism. Notably, Tr14 modulated a group of cell-type specific markers, including the T cell receptor, that could be explained by an overarching effect on the type of cells that were recruited into the wound tissue. Conclusions: Tr14 and diclofenac had very different effects on the COX/LOX synthetic pathway after cutaneous wounding. Tr14 allowed normal autoinduction of COX2 mRNA, but suppressed mRNA levels for key enzymes in the leukotriene synthetic pathway. Tr14 appeared to have a broad ‘phytocellular’ effect on the wound transcriptome by altering the balance of cell types present in the wound.