bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualitative study of drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene access: perspectives from the Central Gonja District, Ghana, and Mtubatuba Municipality, South Africa
Authors: Bazaanah Prosper , Buthelezi Smangele Johanna , Afua Kobe Oppong Dina
Published: November 2024

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are essential for human development. Lack of WASH facilities affects livelihoods and health of communities. Assessing the state, availability, and accessibility of WASH systems is vital for identifying gaps and formulating proactive solutions. This study assessed drinking water and sanitation access in the Central Gonja District (CGD) and Mtubatuba Municipal areas, using qualitative methods and in-depth interviews with participants. Findings revealed persistent challenges of inadequate, unaffordable, and inaccessible water, along with subpar sanitation services, negatively impacting community well-being and health. Issues like corruption, favouritism, and social networks influenced distribution of water and sanitation systems. Infrastructure limitations, bureaucratic obstacles, and ineptitude of officials posed barriers to service delivery, exacerbated by rural -urban population shifts. A public -private partnership between Novubu and Mtubatuba Municipality enabled water treatment, showcasing a potential model for sustainable water provision and possible replication for CGD. The study advocates for transparent governance, community-centric solutions, and inclusive strategies to address chronic challenges, emphasizing the importance of proactive leadership and maintenance to prevent environmental degradation and health risks. The local governance systems should ensure the distribution and maintenance of water and sanitation systems while emphasizing the need for inclusive, community-driven approaches for lasting improvements.
Categorization and multi-criteria analysis of heat wave vulnerability in Senegal
Authors: Sow Moussa , Gaye Demba
Published: November 2024

Climate variability is reflected in different ways in different parts of the world. The Sahel is one of the area's most vulnerable to climatic extremes, particularly heat waves. The objective of the present study is to categorize heat waves and analyze their geographic vulnerability. The methodology sought to analyze the categories of the 2,378 heat waves observed over the period between 1984 and 2020 from 40 stations and to study their seasonality. Heat waves were found to be very common, with a high degree of spatial variability. Seasonally, they are divided into 2,166 moderate heat waves, 202 strong, and 10 severe heat waves. In addition, there is considerable seasonal variability in heat extremes. The seasonal frequency is 28.34% in summer, 27.58% in spring, 27.10% in autumn, and 16.82% in winter. The peak periods are spring (April–May–June) and summer (July–August–September). The northern and eastern regions are strongly marked by the frequency of hot extremes, whose characteristics are harsher, resulting in temperatures exceeding the 95th percentile by around 4 °C.
Potential Anti-Senescence Effect of Extract from Andrographis paniculata Herbal Plant and Its Bioactive Compounds: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khatimah Nurul Gusti , Arozal Wawaimuli , Barinda Agian Jeffilano , Antarianto Radiana Dhewayani , Hardiany Novi Silvia , Shimizu Ippei , Fadhillah Muhamad Rizqy
Published: November 2024

The rapid aging of the global population is a major worldwide issue because of the close relationship between age and the development of several diseases. Aging or senescence is among the most widely studied topics at the moment. However, no pharmaceuticals have been developed that claim to possess anti-senescence properties. Andrographis paniculata, is a medicinal plant found widely throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. This review aims to identify the potential anti- senescence effect of A. paniculata extract and its bioactive compounds. By following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, five databases were used and in vivo and in vitro studies were included in this review. A. paniculata extracts and their bioactive compounds exert anti-senescence properties through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This herb and its compounds enhanced memory, cognitive function and behaviour in Alzheimer's disease. The extract also promoted cell cycle progression and proliferation in the skin. In addition, andrographolide exhibited anti-senescence effects in endothelial cells through the activation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf and PI3K/Akt/AP-1 pathways. A. paniculata along with its bioactive compounds including andrographolide and 14-deoxyandrographolide, may have the potential to be used as anti-senescence through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the specific markers to evaluate the senescence are necessary to be conducted. Any clinical trials should be done to establish these findings. Since in clinical settings this potential herbal may be used for long-life time, the safety profile and toxicity of A. paniculata should be considered. Keywords: herbal plants, Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide, bioactive compounds, senescence
In silico Investigation on Clopidogrel, Prasugrel and Ticagrelor as Potential Mono Antiplatelet Therapy for Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Hibatullah Muhammad Naufal , Suryono Suryono , Rachmania Sheilla
Published: November 2024

Background: In acute coronary syndrome (ACS), antiplatelet therapy is crucial for inhibiting platelet aggregation. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) commonly employs aspirin along with clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor. This is well known that aspirin acts as a cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 inhibitor, while clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor act as P2Y12 inhibitors. Despite DAPT's proven efficacy in more effectively reducing cardiovascular events in ACS patients, this is associated with an increased risk of bleeding compared to mono antiplatelet therapy (MAPT). To minimize the cost and side effect that might arise from the use of DAPT, this is necessary to assess the potential of MAPT using a P2Y12 inhibitor drug, to understand whether they are capable of binding to both COX-1 and P2Y12. Hence, this study was conducted to identify P2Y12 inhibitor drugs that have the ability to bind to COX-1, allowing them to be proposed as MAPT.Materials and methods: Molecular docking was employed to assess binding affinity, interaction types, amino acid residues, binding distances, and visualizations in both 3D and 2D formats. The applications utilized were BIOVIA Discovery Studio and AutoDock, while the websites utilized were research collaboratory for structural bioinformatics protein data bank (RCSB PDB) and PubChem.Results: In silico findings reveal differences in binding strength among clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor to COX-1 and P2Y12, with ticagrelor emerging as the stronger ligand due to a higher number of bindings and/or closer binding distances. Notably, only prasugrel and ticagrelor demonstrate the ability to bind to the active site of COX-1.Conclusion: Therefore, prasugrel and ticagrelor emerge as potential MAPT agents for ACS patients.Keywords: clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, antiplatelet, ACS, in silico, molecular docking
Mitochondrial Dynamics: An Attractive Therapeutic Target for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Heart
Authors: Rosdah Elisha Rosalyn , Zulissetiana Eka Febri , Rosdah Ayeshah Augusta
Published: November 2024

Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Current treatments do not compensate for the loss of cardiomyocytes, thus progression to heart failure is often inevitable. In myocardial infarction, the occlusion of coronary arteries and sudden restoration of blood flow give rise to ischemia-reperfusion injury, which leads to cardiomyocyte death. Mitochondria are not only involved in the bioenergetic aspect of the heart but also play a pivotal role in cell death during ischemia-reperfusion injury. Their morphology dynamically changes via fusion and fission in a balanced manner to maintain cellular health. However, ischemia-reperfusion injury triggers excessive mitochondrial fission, which is pathological to the myocardium. This review article discusses the association between myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and mitochondrial dynamics, serving as a rationale for a novel therapeutic strategy for myocardial infarction. Strategic modulation of mitochondrial dynamics under this pathological setting has been shown to be effective for cardioprotection. Increasing mitochondrial fusion or reducing excessive mitochondrial fission in the myocardial tissue could prevent cardiomyocyte death, thereby reducing infarct size. Proof-of-concept studies have utilized small molecules and peptides to implement this strategy into in vivo myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury models. However, there remains a need to address the issues of specificity, bioavailability, and potency of these pharmacological agents before future application in cardiovascular therapeutics. Nevertheless, there has been growing interest in this therapeutic strategy in recent years, rendering it an attractive approach for ischemia-reperfusion injury in the heart.Keywords: mitochondria, heart, ischemia-reperfusion, cardioprotection
Hydroxamic Acids Derivatives: Greener Synthesis, Antiureolytic Properties and Potential Medicinal Chemistry Applications - A Concise Review
Authors: Viana Luciana P. S. , Pinheiro Luan R. , Petrillo Lorenzo W. , Medeiros Isabela G. , Rizo Taina G. , Modolo Luzia V. , da Silva Cleiton M. , de Fatima Ângelo
Published: November 2024

Hydroxamic acids (HAs) are chemical compounds characterized by the general structure
RCONR'OH, where R and R' can denote hydrogen, aryl, or alkyl groups. Recognized for their
exceptional chelating capabilities, HAs can form mono or bidentate complexes through oxygen and
nitrogen atoms, rendering them remarkably versatile. These distinctive structural attributes have
paved the way for a broad spectrum of medicinal applications for HAs, among which their pivotal
role as inhibitors of essential Ni(II) and Zn(II)-containing metalloenzymes. In 1962, a significant
breakthrough occurred when Kobashi and colleagues identified hydroxamic acids (HAs) as potent
urease inhibitors. Subsequent research has increasingly underscored their capability in combatting
infections induced by ureolytic microorganisms, including Helicobacter pylori and Proteus mirabilis.
However, comprehensive reviews exploring their potential applications in treating infections
caused by ureolytic microorganisms remain scarce in the scientific literature. Thus, this minireview
aims to bridge this gap by offering a systematic exploration of the subject. Furthermore, it
seeks to explore the significant advancements in obtaining hydroxamic acid derivatives through
environmentally sustainable methodologies.
An Insight into the Structure-activity Relationship of Benzimidazole and Pyrazole Derivatives as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Patil Shital M. , Nikalje Piyush , Gavande Navnath , Asgaonkar Kalyani D. , Rathod Vaishnavi
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, driving the urgent need for
new and effective treatments. Benzimidazole and pyrazole derivatives have gained attention for
their potential as anticancer agents due to their diverse biological activities. The development of
resistance in cancer cells, toxicity concerns, and inconsistent efficacy across different types of cancer
are a few of the challenges. To overcome these challenges, optimisation of these nuclei using
the structure-activity relationships is necessary.

Objective:

This review aimed to examine various benzimidazole, pyrazole, and their hybrid derivatives
by focusing on their structure-activity relationships (SAR) as anticancer agents. Results of the
most potent and least potent benzimidazole, pyrazole compounds, and their hybrid derivatives published
by researchers were compiled.

Methods:

The findings of different researchers working on benzimidazole and pyrazole nuclei
were reviewed and analysed for different targets and cell lines. Moreover, substitutions on different
positions of pyrazole, benzimidazole, and their hybrid were summarised to derive an optimised
pharmacophore

Results:

Based on our analysis of existing studies, we anticipate that this review will guide researchers
in creating potent pyrazole, benzimidazole, and hybrid derivatives crucial for combating
cancer effectively.

Conclusion:

Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) studies can help in developing pyrazolebenzimidazole
hybrids that are more powerful and selective in targeting specific aspects of cancer.
A Case Report of Gastric Oral Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis in Adults
Authors: Qiu Lanyan , Liu Dong
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder, which is classified into 3 types according to the
affected gastric wall layer. The serosal-type EGE is the least common type. Gastric oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (OCEUS) may show
some specific changes in the serosal-type EGE. Herein, we reported OCEUS findings in a serosal-type EGE case.

Case Presentation:

A 60-year-old man with unexplained abdominal pain accompanied by diarrhea, which lasted for half a month, consulted the hospital. Laboratory
findings revealed peripheral eosinophilia and elevated carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125). OCEUS showed a thickened gastric antrum wall and
ascites, with distinct layers (thickening of the muscularis propria layer was most obvious), which is rare and specific. Endoscopy showed normal
mucosa of the esophagus and stomach and scattered hyperemia spots in the mucoua of the duodenal bulb and small intestine. Microscopy
evaluation revealed few eosinophils infiltration in the lamina propria. A large number of eosinophils were seen in peritoneal lavage fluid and the
greater omentum. Eventually, the patient was diagnosed with serosal type EGE.

Conclusion:

Significant thickening of the digestive tract walls and ascites at ultrasonography (US)-examination, with distinct layers and predominant thickening
of the muscularis propria layer at OCEUS, can indicate EGE.
A Review of Anticancer Potential of Conferone, Diversin and Ferutinin; Which One is Stronger for Cancer Therapy?
Authors: Keshmirshekan Fariborz , Mohamadi-Zarch Seyed-Mahdi , Bagheri Seyyed Majid
Published: November 2024

Background:

One of the growing diseases in today's human societies is cancer, which has become a
major challenge, especially in industrialized and developing countries. Cancer treatments are diverse, but they
usually use surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy to improve patients. Existing drugs are usually expensive
and, in some cases, are not effective due to drug resistance and side effects. Finding compounds of natural origin
can be somewhat effective and useful in helping doctors to treat this disease. Ferula plants, which are traditionally
used as spices or for medicinal purposes, can be a good source for finding anti-cancer compounds due to their
various compounds, such as monoterpenes, sulfide compounds, and polyphenols. Several studies have shown that
compounds found in Ferula plants have significant anticancer effects on various types of cancer cells.

Objective:

This article was compiled with the aim of collecting evidence and articles related to the anti-cancer
effects of three compounds obtained from these plants, namely Conferone, Diversin, and Ferutinin.

Methods:

This review article was prepared by searching the terms Conferone, Diversin, Ferutinin and cancer and
related information was collected through searching electronic databases such as ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed
and Google Scholar until the March of 2024.

Conclusion:

The results of this review showed that relatively comprehensive studies have been conducted in this
field and these studies have shown that these compounds can be used in the design of future anticancer drugs.
Among the examined compounds, conferone showed that it has the best effect on cancer cells.
Development, Optimization, and Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Celecoxib
Authors: Verma Madhu , Nanda Arun , Gautam Manish , Chauhan Iti , Yasir Mohd. , Singh Alok Pratap , Majhi Sagarika , Kumari Raj , Sharma Meenakshi
Published: November 2024

Background:

In the present investigation, nano-lipid technology was exploited to control
the release of celecoxib (CXB) and overcome its dissolution problem. Solid lipid nanoparticles
(SLNs) have a small particle size (50-1000 nm) that results in a large surface area-to-volume ratio,
which further enhances the contact between the drug and the dissolution medium. This leads to improved
drug release and absorption.

Aim and Objective:

This study aimed to enhance the solubility and hence improve the therapeutic
efficacy of a BCS Class-II drug-celecoxib formulating it as solid lipid nanoparticles.

Methods:

CXB-loaded-SLNs were prepared using the solvent emulsification-diffusion technique and
optimized by CCD. Characterization included FTIR, drug loading, particle size, PDI, zeta potential,
and in-vitro release and anti-inflammatory studies.

Results:

Optimized Formulation (OF1) exhibited particle size, PDI, and zeta potential were found to
be 314 nm, 0.204, and -18.73 mV, respectively, with entrapment efficiency (79±0.18 %) and drug
loading (44.38±0.21 %). The best-fitted model was the Korsemeyer-Peppas model, with drug release
of 89.42 ±0.12 % in 24 h. OF1 formulation reduced the rat paw volume to a minimum (1±0.32) in 24
h when compared to pure API (2±0.62) and marketed preparation (2±0.42).

Conclusion:

OF1 demonstrated sustained drug release with enhanced solubility and better in-vivo
anti-inflammatory studies compared to pure API.
Diosgenin Unveiled: From Nutritional Insights to Nano Applications and Molecular Marvels
Authors: Thakur Manisha , Vasudeva Neeru , Sharma Sunil
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Diosgenin (DSG) is a steroidal sapogenin found in plants such as Dioscorea tokoro Makino ex Miyabe, Trigonella foenum-graceum, and Solanum virgini-anum, and is utilized as a natural source of steroidal hormones. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and various other pharmacological properties, making it a relia-ble candidate for research purposes. The aim of this review is to provide researchers with a scientific basis for the target-specific bio-potential of DSG as an ethnomedicine and to under-score its potential for drug design and therapy modifications in the future.

Methods:

Relevant literature search up to the current year by using online databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, and Science Direct by applying related search terms.

Results:

This review first addressed the green nanotechnology that is widely adopted to improve DSG’s pharmacokinetic profile, and then listed numerous nano-formulations of DSG for enhancement of their physical properties. At last, this article ex-plored the molecular action of DSG on NF-ĸB, TGF-β1/Smad, AMPK/ACC/CPT-1A & SERBP-1c/FAS, etc. that are pathologically involved in a variety of diseases for better under-standing such as limited clinical research has been conducted to date.

Conclusion:

Overall, the current review tries to update all information about DSG's nutri-tional benefits, its application as nanomedicine, and diverse pharmacological actions based on various molecular targets for its commendable pre-clinical and clinical applications
Integration of Pancasila and Islamic values in Indonesia's futuristic education transformation: Multicultural analysis
Authors: Widiastuti Anik , MR Moh Irsyad Fahmi , Widodo Syukri Fathudin Achmad , Ahmed Touheed , Shahzeb Shahzeb
Published: November 2024

This research aims to analyze the integration of Pancasila and Islamic values in the context of futuristic educational transformation in Indonesia with a multicultural approach. Facing the era of industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0, Indonesian education needs to transform without losing the roots of the nation's noble values. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study approach. The research results show that there is harmony between the values of Pancasila and Islamic teachings which can be integrated into futuristic education. Soft skills development based on these two value systems is very important in preparing future generations. The integration model can be implemented through the development of an integrated curriculum and innovative learning methods such as project-and role-based learning, and the formation of cross-cultural communities. This multicultural approach in the integration process strengthens understanding of diversity while maintaining unity. Although there are challenges in implementation, strategies such as intensive teacher training and multi-stakeholder collaboration can be a solution. This research contributes to the development of an educational model that integrates national and religious values to face the challenges of the digital era in Indonesia.
Examining the Spillover Economic Impacts of Caregiving Among Families of Children With Medical Complexity to Inform Inclusive Economic Models: Qualitative Study
Authors: Keim-Malpass Jessica , Muir K Jane , Letzkus Lisa C , Scheer Eleanore , Valdez Rupa S
Published: November 2024

Background

Children with medical complexity represent a heterogeneous group of children with multiple chronic health care conditions. Caregivers of children with medical complexity experience a high intensity of caregiving that is often variable, extends across several networks of care, and often lasts for the entirety of the child’s life. The spillover, or indirect, economic impacts of caregiving are understudied in the context the family units of children with medical complexity. There have been recognized limitations to the sole use of quantitative methods when developing economic models of disease, because they lack direct caregiver voice and context of caregiving activities, and existing methods have been noted to be ableist.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the economic spillover impacts of caregiving among families of children with medical complexity using their own words and perspectives, with the intent of expanding caregiver-centered perspectives when developing economic models.

Methods

This study was a secondary analysis of a qualitative study that was conducted to examine family management practices among caregivers of children with medical complexity and their social networks. Caregivers of children with medical complexity were recruited through a pediatric complex care clinic at an academic medical center in the mid-Atlantic region, United States. This study used inductive qualitative descriptive methods and a template to define features of the person impacted and to define the economic construct as either a direct or indirect (spillover) cost.

Results

A total of 20 caregivers were included in this study. Perspectives from the caregivers of children with medical complexity revealed several key themes: (1) time lost from employment, impacting the primary caregivers; (2) physical and mental health impacts, impacting the child themselves, siblings, and the primary caregivers; (3) impacts to leisure activities and self-care, impacting the child themselves, siblings, and the primary caregivers; and (4) impacts to the social network or social capital.

Conclusions

The themes described can be operationalized into inclusive family-centered models that represent the impacts of caregiving in the context of the family units of children with medical complexity. The use of qualitative methods to expand our development of quantitative economic models can be adapted to other populations where caregivers are involved in care. Caregivers can and should have an active voice in preference-based assessments that are operationalized in economic contexts to make them more inclusive.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/14810
Acceptance, Safety, and Effect Sizes in Online Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: Interventional Pilot Study
Authors: Vonderlin Ruben , Boritz Tali , Claus Carola , Senyüz Büsra , Mahalingam Saskia , Tennenhouse Rachel , Lis Stefanie , Schmahl Christian , Margraf Jürgen , Teismann Tobias , Kleindienst Nikolaus , McMain Shelley , Bohus Martin
Published: November 2024

Background

The potential of telehealth psychotherapy (ie, the online delivery of treatment via a video web-based platform) is gaining increased attention. However, there is skepticism about its acceptance, safety, and efficacy for patients with high emotional and behavioral dysregulation.

Objective

This study aims to provide initial effect size estimates of symptom change from pre- to post treatment, and the acceptance and safety of telehealth dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD).

Methods

A total of 39 individuals meeting the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [Fifth Edition]) criteria for BPD received 1 year of outpatient telehealth DBT at 3 sites in Germany and Canada. Effect size estimates were assessed using pre-post measures of BPD symptoms, dissociation, and quality of life. Safety was evaluated by analyzing suicide attempts and self-harm. Additionally, acceptance and feasibility, satisfaction with treatment, useability of the telehealth format, and the quality of the therapeutic alliance were assessed from both therapists’ and patients’ perspectives. All analyses were conducted on both the intention-to-treat (ITT) and according-to-protocol (ATP) samples.

Results

Analyses showed significant and large pre-post effect sizes for BPD symptoms (d=1.13 in the ITT sample and d=1.44 in the ATP sample; P<.001) and for quality of life (d=0.65 in the ITT sample and d=1.24 in the ATP sample). Dissociative symptoms showed small to nonsignificant reductions. Self-harm behaviors decreased significantly from 80% to 28% of all patients showing at least 1 self-harm behavior in the last 10 weeks (risk ratio 0.35). A high dropout rate of 38% was observed. One low-lethality suicide attempt was reported. Acceptance, feasibility, and satisfaction measures were high, although therapists reported only moderate useability of the telehealth format.

Conclusions

Telehealth DBT for BPD showed large pre-post effect sizes for BPD symptoms and quality of life. While the telehealth format appeared feasible and well-accepted, the dropout rate was relatively high. Future research should compare the efficacy of telehealth DBT with in-person formats in randomized controlled trials. Overall, telehealth DBT might offer a potentially effective alternative treatment option, enhancing treatment accessibility. However, strategies for decreasing drop-out should be considered.

Trial Registration

German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00027824; https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00027824
Conflicts of Interest Publication Disclosures: Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: Graham S Scott , Shiva Jade , Sharma Nandini , Barbour Joshua B , Majdik Zoltan P , Rousseau Justin F
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Multiple lines of previous research have documented that author conflicts of interest (COI) can compromise the integrity of the biomedical research enterprise. However, continuing research that would investigate why, how, and in what circumstances COI is most risky is stymied by the difficulty in accessing disclosure statements, which are not widely represented in available databases.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we describe a new open access dataset of COI disclosures extracted from published biomedical journal papers.

METHODS

To develop the dataset, we used ClinCalc’s Top 300 drugs lists for 2017 and 2018 to identify 319 of the most commonly used drugs. Search strategies for each product were developed using the National Library of Medicine’s and MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) browser and deployed using the eUtilities application programming interface in April 2021. We identified the 150 most relevant papers for each product and extracted COI disclosure statements from PubMed, PubMed Central, or retrieved papers as necessary.

RESULTS

Conflicts of Interest Publication Disclosures (COIPonD) is a new dataset that captures author-reported COI disclosures for biomedical research papers published in a wide range of journals and subspecialties. COIPonD captures author-reported disclosure information (including lack of disclosure) for over 38,000 PubMed-indexed papers published between 1949 and 2022. The collected papers are indexed by discussed drug products with a focus on the 319 most commonly used drugs in the United States.

CONCLUSIONS

COIPonD should accelerate research efforts to understand the effects of COI on the biomedical research enterprise. In particular, this dataset should facilitate new studies of COI effects across disciplines and subspecialties.
AI or Human? Message Humanness Predicts Perceiving AI as Human: A Secondary Data Analysis of the HeartBot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Suzuki Haruno , Zhang Jingwen , Kim Diane Dagyong , Sagae Kenji , DeVon Holli A , Fukuoka Yoshimi
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the healthcare field, AI chatbots are advantageous options for improving knowledge and awareness of diseases and modifying health behaviors for diverse populations. However, people’s understanding of AI chatbots is still developing, and the factors influencing the perception of AI chatbots and human-AI interaction are largely unknown.

OBJECTIVE

To identify interaction characteristics related to the perception of believing an AI chatbot as a human versus an artificial agent, controlling for socioeconomic status and past chatbot use in a cohort of diverse women.

METHODS

This was a secondary analysis of data from the HeartBot study in women aged 25 years or older. The goal of the HeartBot was to evaluate the change in awareness of heart disease after interacting with a fully automated AI chatbot. Women were recruited through social media from October 2023 to January 2024. The perceived chatbot identity (human vs. artificial argent), length of the HeartBot conversation, humanness in chatbot messages, perception of chatbot message effectiveness, and attitude toward AI were measured at the post-chatbot survey. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to explore the factors predicting women’s perception of a chatbot's identity as a human, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education, past chatbot use, humanness in chatbot messages, effectiveness of chatbot messages, and attitude towards AI.

RESULTS

A total of 92 women with a mean age of 45.9 (SD: 11.9, range 26-70) years were analyzed. The chatbot identity was correctly identified by two-thirds (66.3%) of the sample, while one-third (33.7%) incorrectly identified the chatbot as a human. Over half (57.6%) reported having past experiences using a chatbot. Participants interacted with the HeartBot for 13.0 (SD: 7.8) minutes and typed in 82.5 (SD: 61.9) words on average. In the adjusted model, only the score of humanness in chatbot messages was significantly associated with the perception of chatbot identity as a human compared to an artificial argent (adjusted odds ratio 2.37; 95% CI 1.26-4.48; P=.007) controlling for potential confounding factors.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest as chatbot conversations become increasingly natural and humanlike, clearly communicating the chatbot identity to participants is key to establishing correct perceptions. This study offers valuable theoretical and practical insights for the design of AI chatbots in healthcare, emphasizing the important role of message humanness in influencing human perceptions. Future research is warranted to facilitate an understanding of the relationship between chatbot identity, humanness, and health outcomes.
Effectiveness of GP-referral vs. self-referral pathways to guided ICBT for depression, panic disorder and social anxiety disorder: a naturalistic study (Preprint)
Authors: Bjarke Jill , Gjestad Rolf , Nordgreen Tine
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Therapist guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (guided ICBT) appears to be efficacious for depression, panic disorder (PD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) in routine care clinical settings. However, implementation of guided ICBT is limited partly due to low referral rates from general practitioners (GP). In response, self-referral systems were introduced in mental health care about a decade ago to improve access to care. Yet, little is known about how referral pathways may affect treatment outcomes in guided ICBT.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to compare the overall treatment effectiveness of GP-referral and self-referral to guided ICBT for patients with depression, PD or SAD in a specialized routine care clinic. This study also explores if the treatment effectiveness varies between referral pathways and the respective diagnoses.

METHODS

This naturalistic open effectiveness study compares treatment outcomes from pre-treatment to post-treatment and from pre- to 6-month follow-up across two referral pathways. All participants underwent module based guided ICBT lasting up to 14 weeks, with weekly therapist guidance through asynchronous messaging. Participants self-reported symptoms before, during, immediately after, and 6-months post-treatment. Level and change in symptom severity were measured across all diagnoses.

RESULTS

In total 460 patients met inclusion criteria, 305 GP-referred (GP), and 155 self-referred (Self). Across the total sample about 60% were female, mean age 32 years, average duration of disorder 10 years. We found no significant differences in pre-treatment symptom levels between referral pathways, across the diagnoses. Estimated effect sizes based on Linear Mixed Modelling showed large improvements from pre- to post-treatment and from pre- to follow-up across all diagnoses, with statistically significant differences between referral pathways (GP: 0.97 - 1.22, Self: 1.34 - 1.58, P: <.001 - .002) and for the diagnoses separately: depression (GP: 0.86 – 1.26, Self: 1.97 -2.07, P: <.001 - .018), PD (GP: 1.32 – 1.60, Self: 1.64 – 2.08, P: .065 - .016 ) and SAD (GP: 0.80 - 0.99, Self: 0.99 – 1.19, P: .178 - .222 ).

CONCLUSIONS

Self-referral to guided ICBT for depression and panic disorder appears to yield greater treatment outcomes compared to GP-referrals. We found no difference in outcome between referral pathway for SAD. This study underscores the potential of self-referral pathways to improve access and treatment outcomes within healthcare services.
The Fault Diagnosis Method for Photovoltaic Modules Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Li Qiheng , Cui Yubo , Zhang Jingyu , Liu Yandong , Zhang Li
Published: October 2024

Based on the urban natural gas pipeline accident statistics and semi-quantitative risk evaluation index system, this paper applies Bayesian network to establish a network model between various types of risk factors and the risk of natural gas pipeline failure. The EM algorithm was used to learn from the statistical accident data to obtain the parameters of the model. Based on the principle of evidential reasoning in reverse, the probability of occurrence of all risk indicators can be obtained when the probability of occurrence of urban natural gas pipeline accidents is 100%, the index weight is obtained by normalizing the occurrence probability. On this basis, this paper develops an efficient urban natural gas pipeline integrity risk identification and management software. The software can realize the basic data management of urban natural gas pipeline system, pipeline relative risk value calculation, pipeline risk level calculation and other functions, and the results are visualized. Finally, the practicability and effectiveness of the model and software are verified by a case of natural gas pipeline evaluation in a block.
Health Literacy in Non-dialyzed Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chen Shuang , Wang Yilin , Hao Mengran , Li Yanling , Li Zheng
Published: November 2024

Objective: To explore the current status and influencing factors of health literacy in non-dialyzed chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, and to provide a basis for developing more comprehensive and effective interventions. Methods: 206 CKD patients hospitalized or followed up in outpatient clinics in the Department of Nephrology of a tertiary hospital in Baoding City were conveniently selected from June to August 2024. General information questionnaire, Health Literacy Scale for Chronic Disease Patients, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Positive Psychological Questionnaire were used to conduct the survey. Results: The health literacy score of non-dialyzed CKD patients was (91.04±15.17); The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of comorbidities, education level, per capita monthly household income, family support, and optimism were the influencing factors of health literacy in CKD patients. Conclusion: The health literacy of non-dialyzed CKD patients is low, and healthcare professionals should develop scientific and reasonable intervention programs based on their influencing factors in order to enhance the health literacy and delay disease progression.
Restoration of Load-Bearing Structures of Buildings after Accidents
Authors: Simakov O. A.
Published: November 2024

The issues of protecting buildings from special, usually non-design, impacts, including progressive collapse as a result of emergency impacts, are the subject of many scientific works and regulatory documents have been developed regulating calculation and design provisions for application at the design stage. At the same time, the issues of strengthening existing buildings and structures at the stages of major repairs, reconstruction (if measures, for example, for protection against progressive collapse were not envisaged at the design stage, then bringing the structures to the requirements of the standards is a complex, often impossible task), as well as restoration of load-bearing structures after emergency situations remain open. In accordance with the current regulatory documents, the calculation for a special limit state is carried out with reduced coefficients for loads and taking into account the dynamic hardening for the design resistance of materials. After an emergency impact, it is necessary to perform a calculation for limit states taking into account all reliability factors, which usually leads to a deficit in the bearing capacity of a significant number of load-bearing structures taking into account the damage to individual structures and the redistribution of forces to others that are not damaged. It is for this operational stage after the special impacts considered in this article that there are no special requirements and assumptions in the operation of the building’s load-bearing structures.
UNVEILING THE RIPPLE EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION IN EDUCATION SECTOR: A SOLUTION FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Marlina Andi , Haq Islamul , Karauwan Donny Eddy Sam , Waeno Mahamadaree
Published: October 2024

This research investigates the rampant corruption cases in Indonesia, without exception corruption cases in the education sector. Indonesia's corruption perception index is 34/100 in 2022, which is ranked 110 out of 180 countries. Corruption has a negative impact on the world of education. The education sector that is prone to corruption is the misuse of the School Operational Assistance (BOS) and Smart Indonesia Program (PIP) budgets. The type of research chosen in this study is library research using qualitative methods. The data used is secondary data, which is data that is not obtained directly from the source. The results of this research show that corruption is still a big challenge for the Indonesian people. The impact caused by corruption is not only detrimental to state finances, but worsens the quality of education and can slow down national economic growth. Islamic teachings advocate moral education to prevent corrupt behavior, but there are still challenges faced, including the need to contextualize religious understanding and overcome traditional religious logic.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena masih maraknya kasus korupsi di Indonesia, tanpa terkecuali kasus korupsi pada sektor pendidikan. Indeks persepsi korupsi Indonesia sebesar 34/100 pada tahun 2022, yang berada di peringkat 110 dari 180 negara. Korupsi memberikan dampak yang buruk pada dunia pendidikan. Sektor pendidikan yang rawan terjadi korupsi terdapat pada penyalahgunaan anggaran Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (BOS) dan Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP). Jenis penelitian yang dipilih pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder, yaitu data yang tidak didapat langsung dari sumbernya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa korupsi masih menjadi tantangan besar bagi bangsa Indonesia. Dampak yang diakibatkan oleh korupsi tidak hanya merugikan keuangan negara, namun memperburuk kualitas pendidikan dan dapat memperlambat pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Ajaran Islam menganjurkan pendidikan moral untuk mencegah perilaku korup, namun masih ada tantangan yang dihadapi, termasuk perlunya kontekstualisasi pemahaman agama dan mengatasi logika agama tradisional.
Kata Kunci: Korupsi di Sektor Pendidikan, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Nasional, Solusi Hukum Islam
El retorno del sofista: herramientas para una educación democrática en contexto de posmodernidad
Authors: Ramírez Juan José
Published: October 2024

Sophistry constitutes an intellectual movement, typical of the Greek democratic culture of the 5th century B.C. Among its most notable features, it is the vindication of the importance of education for public life. The text operates a counterpoint between the Platonic perspective and the sophist perspective of truth, politics, and education, and, at the same time, it postulates the possibility to rethink current education from a renewed perspective of the sophist movement.The expression "the return of the sophist" reflects the desired aspect in a Postmodern pedagogy with a democratic tone.
Reflexiones acerca de la inclusión, la inclusión educativa y la educación inclusiva
Authors: Narváez Rocío
Published: October 2024

This article attempts to show some reflections on inclusion, educational inclusion, and inclusive education. These concepts play an indispensable role in the educational practices of different academic systems. The diversity of students has demanded the creation of new forms of pedagogical work in classrooms. Due to this, new policies have been created, designed, planned, and implemented to benefit educational inclusion and inclusive education. Moving towards educational inclusion and inclusive education, as educators, will allow us to continue thinking about new ways to achieve a full and quality education for all students.
Trayectorias educativas en una universidad jesuita
Authors: Enrico Rosana Carina , Martínez María Guillermina
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we propose to share the way in which the academic trajectories of young people pursuing a career at the Catholic University of Cordoba are accompanied. These students, from the beginning of this stage, face the challenge of acquiring the necessary skills to succeed in their career, and, for this, it is necessary the construction of the university student's job.In it, we mention the difference between the practices of high-school students and the demands of university learning. We point out the characteristics of today's young people, and, taking into account their singularities, we describe strategies of orientation and psychopedagogical accompaniment, implemented at the university to support students in their trajectories. Finally, we situate our proposal from the humanistic approach to education in a Jesuit university, which seeks the integral growth of the person and his or her commitment to society.
The Double Materiality Audit: Attestation of ESG Disclosures in Financial Statements
Authors: Appelbaum Deniz , Duan Huijue Kelly , Hu Hanxin , Sun Ting
Published: November 2024

SYNOPSIS

Auditors are required to evaluate the reliability of financial numbers and potentially provide attestation of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) claims disclosed in financial statements. Double-materiality refers to assessing materiality from two aspects: first, the extent necessary for an understanding of the company’s financial position, and second, the ESG impact of the company’s activities on a broad range of stakeholders. For an audit, these are interconnected, meaning that despite their inherently nonfinancial nature, ESG factors are closely associated with financial outcomes and potential business risks. This research provides an understanding of such a double materiality audit by recognizing the role of external auditors regarding the interaction between a financial audit and ESG attestation and suggests an audit analysis roadmap that incorporates both quantitative and big ESG data. Specifically, it proposes extended audit procedures for data collection, verification, and analysis and highlights the ongoing challenges and opportunities.

JEL Classifications: G18; G30; G32; G38; M14; M41; M42; M48.
Content Adaptation in Online Streaming: How Streamers Utilize Game Updates to Improve Performance
Authors: Cheng Xu , Hsiao Shih-Hui , Lin Tony L. J.
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the impact of distributed streams on viewer engagement. Using the difference-in-differences (DiD) method, viewer engagement is analyzed based on whether the stream contains game updates. The research dataset contains 2,063 videos randomly selected from 130 streamers from January to March 2024. This study investigates the relationship between streaming releases and viewer engagement by tracking daily viewer growth and controlling for variables such as streaming account age, number of past followers, and number of existing videos. Research results show that streaming media that reflects game updates can initially increase viewer engagement, a key performance indicator that supports decision making. This study contributes to the management accounting and accounting information system literature by emphasizing the need for management control systems to incorporate viewer engagement metrics. This integration aids in making informed decisions within the streaming industry and highlights the critical role of data analytics in improving performance.

Data Availability: Data will be made available on request.

JEL Classifications: L82; L86; M31; O33.
Bank Entry Barriers and Firms’ Risk-Taking
Authors: Basu Sudipta , Kaviani Mahsa S. , Maleki Hosein
Published: November 2024

We study how nonfinancial firms’ operating risks change after bank competition increases. By exploiting the 1990s staggered regulatory reforms across U.S. states that allowed interstate banking and branching, we show that out-of-state bank entry was associated with lower borrower risk-taking on average. Large, profitable, safe, and geographically diversified firms signed up as new clients of large entrant banks, which offered larger and cheaper loans that reflected their higher efficiency and risk reduction through geographical diversification. We argue that these large banks could substitute for local relationship lending with more data collection from branches in multiple states. Firms that began borrowing from entrant banks increased capital expenditures and project-specific financing and kept R&D expenses stable but reduced R&D risk. Firms that continued borrowing from incumbent banks paid higher interest rates and increased their risk, suggesting that their credit access fell. States that opened up more had bigger changes in these outcomes.

Data availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: G21; G28; G32.