bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecuaciones estructurales de la autoestima y el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores de las áreas de ciencias básicas e ingeniería
Authors: Huamán Gutiérrez Zoraida Judith
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el impacto de la autoestima en el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores de las áreas de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería mediante la aplicación del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Es de tipo descriptivo correlacional de diseño no experimental y transversal. Se tomó una muestra de 179 trabajadores de un total de 331 trabajadores de las áreas de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería. Los resultados muestran una alta asociación entre la autoestima y el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores, teniendo así un impacto directo, mediante la estimación del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, que presentan medidas de bondad de ajuste adecuados. Se concluye, que la autoestima presenta un impacto directo en el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores de las áreas de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería.
Viabilidad técnico ambiental de la disposición final del lodo galvánico en la fabricación de ladrillos refractarios
Authors: Sánchez Vargas Héctor Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Cuidar el medio ambiente y evitar los efectos que producen los contaminantes y desechos peligrosos promovieron como objetivo de este trabajo evaluar la viabilidad técnica y ambiental de la disposición final del lodo galvánico en la fabricación de ladrillos refractarios. Entre los materiales y métodos se aplicaron ensayos a muestras de lodo galvánico aplicando la espectrometría de absorción atómica; la alternativa se seleccionó considerando las buenas prácticas y la cercanía fuente generadora - destino final; desde lo ambiental, ésta se evaluó con una prueba de lixiviación en el marco de un diseño experimental determinando cromo hexavalente (Cr6+). Técnicamente la evaluación partió del diseño tecnológico para la aplicación de la alternativa de disposición del lodo. Se midió el cumplimiento de los requisitos de calidad del ladrillo refractario: resistencia de la compresión y porciento de absorción de agua. Para cada una de estas variables se ajustaron modelos matemáticos empleando la herramienta Curve Fitting del software MATLAB. Se concluyó que es viable técnica y ambientalmente la disposición final de lodo galvánico en la mezcla para la fabricación de ladrillos refractarios; los ladrillos fabricados con las concentraciones de lodo determinadas, cumplirán con los requisitos de calidad exigidos por la empresa; el modelo matemático obtenido demostró la capacidad para determinar la resistencia a la compresión en función de la concentración de lodo y la temperatura de cocción; con una concentración de hasta el 4 % se garantiza que el ladrillo sea seguro y que durante su cocción no se generen gases con presencia de Cr6+.
Intensificación del proceso tecnológico de producción de cake
Authors: Aragón Fontes Julio Cesar , Sánchez Vargas Héctor Eduardo , Salgado Rodríguez Amyrsa
Published: February 2022

Los retos que impone la producción de alimentos y las limitaciones tecnológicas y de aprovechamiento de capacidades que enfrentaba la dulcería objeto de estudio condujeron a establecer como objetivo de este trabajo intensificar el proceso de elaboración de Cake empleando técnicas y herramientas de la investigación de operaciones para el incremento productivo en la dulcería del Hotel Caonao. Como métodos y técnicas se aplicaron análisis-síntesis, revisión documental y herramientas propias de la investigación de operaciones. Se reconocieron  como resultados la determinación de la carga capacidad del proceso de producción durante la elaboración de Cake; diagrama de Gantt para el análisis de tres escenarios actual, con adecuaciones organizativas, con adecuaciones organizativas y modificaciones que incluye un proceso inversionista; una propuesta de modificaciones tecnológicas del sistema de trabajo en un turno de trabajo; el análisis de factibilidad de la inversión propuesta; y medidas organizativas en cuanto a cantidad de operarios y sus roles.  Se concluyó que el empleo del diagrama de Gantt puede ser muy efectivo para la mejora de los procesos de producción seriada; para incrementar los niveles productivos deberá accionarse en torno las operaciones de horneado y sobre la capacidad del equipamiento para producir merengue; las medidas técnico-organizativas, basadas en el solapamiento de las operaciones y ciclos productivos, así como en el proceso inversionista propuesto, pudieran incrementar los niveles productivos del Cake de 1 800 g en 2,33 veces, manteniendo el mismo régimen productivo de 8 horas diarias y contratando a un operario, adicional a los ya existentes.
Una estrategia para lograr el desarrollo sostenible endógeno en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Alegre Jara Maribel Enaida , Briones Pereyra Lizbeth Dora
Published: February 2022

La mayoría de las personas tienen la necesidad de un cambio en cuanto a lo económico, social y ambiental, por supuesto, con diferentes enfoques, y casi nunca con una visión integral, el objetivo de la presente investigación, fue realizar una revisión sobre, el desarrollo sostenible de los países de América Latina. El estudio se basó, en un enfoque cuanti-cualitativo, tipo básico, aplicándose el método analítico-sintético, en la búsqueda de la información teórica; en la determinación de los fundamentos, en el procesamiento empírico e interpretación de los resultados obtenidos. Así mismo, se analizó por separado, la Sostenibilidad Económica, Ambiental y Social, de manera que, América Latina deba cambiar paradigmas, para lograr el desarrollo sostenible.
INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP, MOTIVATION, DISCIPLINE AND COMPETENCE ON APARATURE PERFORMANCE IN SIMPANG MAMPLAM SUB-DISTRICT OFFICE, BIREUEN DISTRICT ACEH PROVINCE
Authors: Mursyidi Mursyidi
Published: February 2022

The study was conducted on 125 offices of SimpangMamplam District Bireuen Regency. With the aim of knowing and measuring 1) the influence of leadership on the performance of the Apparatus, 2). the influence of motivation on the performance of the Apparatus, 3). the effect of the work discipline on the performance of the Apparatus, and 4). the effect of competence on the performance of the Apparatus. The research method used is a quantitative verification approach, with a path analysis method. Descriptively, the results of the study showed that there was support from the Camat Leadership on performance reaching 79.68 percent, this should be optimized again so that employees received clear directions and the Camat's concern for the performance of its employees. Likewise from work motivation, work discipline, and employee competency factors. It appears that the motivation of new employees reached 69.70 percent, while the level of employee discipline reached 74.65 percent. but the level of competence has only reached 70 percent. The results of the path analysis, with a 95 percent confidence level, the results show that 1). There is an influence of aspects of the Camat Leadership to improve employee performance, both direct influence and indirect influence through work motivation, work discipline, and competency support owned by employees, by 19.98 percent. 2) there is a significant influence between motivation and performance by 21.03 percent.3). While the influence of employee discipline on employee performance, both the direct contribution of factors, as well as the relationship with motivation support, employee competence, and Camat Leader-ship, amounted to 16.84%. 4) And competency factor which is no less important factor that must be owned by employees contributes to the improvement of the performance of Simpang Mamplam District Office staff in the Bireuen Regency by 18.35 percent. The coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.578 explains that the contribution of aspects of camat leadership, work motivation, work discipline and employee competence to Performance amounted to 57.8%.
“Show Me the Energy Costs”: Short and Long-term Energy Cost Disclosure Effects on Willingness-to-pay for Residential Energy Efficiency
Authors: Carroll James , Aravena Claudia , Boeri Marco , Denny Eleanor
Published: February 2022

Imperfect information on future energy costs can lower the demand for more energy efficient technologies, with clear implications for energy supply, emissions and climate change. These hypotheses are explored using a randomised discrete choice experiment for property rental decisions. Results show that when energy consumption is expressed in physical units (as per the current EU labels) the will-ingness-to-pay for energy efficiency improvements is small and marginally significant. While bimonthly energy cost information displayed in monetary terms has no effect on the valuation of energy efficiency, annual monetary energy cost information led to a significant increase. This is the first paper to compare short and long-term point of sale energy cost information for household property decisions. There are clear implications for labelling policy for properties—framing energy consumption according to long-term monetary cost increases the demand for energy efficiency.
Os efeitos da Covid-19 no turismo da cidade do Rio de Janeiro: oportunidades e desafios
Authors: Moraes Zouain Deborah , Bastos Lohmann Paola , De Laurentis Gabriela , Barbosa Virkki Kaarina , Rodrigues Bittencourt Flora Thamiris
Published: February 2022

Objetivo do estudo: Analisar os efeitos da pandemia da Covid-19 no turismo do Rio de Janeiro e entender as oportunidades e os desafios no destino.Metodologia/abordagem: Pesquisa quantitativa de caráter exploratório, com aplicação de questionário on-line com 338 respondentes da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, de 05 de junho a 25 de agosto de 2020. Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise descritiva de dados e teste de hipótese para comparar as percepções dos respondentes antes e durante a pandemia.Originalidade/Relevância: Investigação dos efeitos da pandemia no turismo, com estudo empírico na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, que se configura como um importante destino turístico, tanto do receptivo, como do emissivo doméstico e internacional.Principais resultados: A pandemia gerou menor propensão a deslocamentos nacionais e, em especial, internacionais, além de oportunidade para o carioca conhecer mais a sua cidade e Estado, sendo pertinente o aumento da oferta de produtos e serviços turísticos para residentes. A maior preocupação dos cariocas é em relação à qualidade de vida e à saúde, assim como ao distanciamento social. Ademais, há a necessidade de elaboração e implementação de protocolos de segurança e comunicação das condições sanitárias dos destinos e dos atrativos turísticos; questões essas a serem levadas em conta ao longo das jornadas de viagens.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Cobrir uma lacuna empírica com dados sobre os efeitos da pandemia no turismo da cidade Rio de Janeiro e contribuir para a produção científica ainda incipiente sobre o tema.
Political Empowerment Support to Ecotourism Development: A Study the Indigenous Tribal Populations in India
Authors:   Cochin University of Science and Technology, India, Kumar Remya , Edwar Manoj ,   Professor of Business Management at School of Management Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology., George Babu ,   Professor and Associate Dean in School of Business in Christian Brothers University, USA.
Published: February 2022

This research was framed as an attempt to empirically retest the assumed relationship between political empowerment and resident support for ecotourism, with perceived benefits and perceived costs as mediating variables. The study is analytical-descriptive in nature and followed a cross-sectional survey design. The survey participants included the local inhabitants of the ecotourism zones of three protected areas in India. On the basis of a review of the literature pertaining to community-based tourism, an initial research instrument was developed. This questionnaire included items to measure political empowerment, perceived benefits of ecotourism, perceived costs of ecotourism, and support for sustainable tourism development, that were adopted from previous studies. The results derived from the Structural Equation Modeling of the data gathered by us, quite contrary to indications in the literature, suggest that political empowerment critically diminishes destination local community support for ecotourism development. Even though the extant literature generally indicates that empowerment is central to community-based tourism, it appears that, under certain conditions, empowered community members might skip tourism and pursue alternate economic opportunities.
Analysis of Relationship Between Employee Satisfaction and Job Performance in the Accommodation Sector
Authors:   College Instructor, Laguna University, Santa Cruz, Laguna, Philippines, Romasanta Arceli W.
Published: February 2022

Herzberg’s two-factor theory of motivation was employed in this study to analyze elements linked with job satisfaction and performance among employees in the accommodation sector. The researcher employed the descriptive-correlational methods of research, through questionnaires. The survey tool was validated by experts in the field of education, statistics and research and is highly accepted in terms of a Cronbach α of 0.988 which indicated an excellent index of reliability. Weighted Mean and Goodman and Kruskal’s Gamma Correlation determined the relationships between variables. The results revealed that employee satisfaction among employees was an important aspect that affected job performance and organizational success. Based on the findings, a Human Resource Plan is necessary to help increase satisfaction and improve job performance resulting in increased efficacy, self-esteem, and commitment in the accommodation sector. This paper would be extremely useful to human resource professionals, managers, owners, employees, and future researchers.
Comparative Efficacy of MI Paste Plus and Fluoride Varnish Remineralizing Agents for Preventing White Spot Lesions in Patients on Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Kaveh Sara , Karamifar Amirali , Kousha Sina , Azarbyjani Arash , Mirmohammadkhani Majid , Samani Yasaman
Published: February 2022

Background: White spot lesions (WSLs), as the initial form of dental caries, develop due to subsurface enamel demineralization. They have a relatively high prevalence in orthodontic patients. Several materials are used to prevent WSLs, and various studies have assessed their efficacy during orthodontic treatment. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of fluoride varnish and MI Paste Plus for preventing WSLs during orthodontic treatment. Methods: This clinical trial evaluated 60 patients in three groups of control, fluoride varnish, and MI Paste Plus for six months. The presence/absence of WSLs was clinically evaluated at baseline and two, four, and six months after the intervention using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. The patients’ saliva pH was measured at baseline and six months after the intervention. Results: The difference in the WSLs score was significant between the MI Paste Plus and control groups (P < 0.05). However, despite the slightly lower frequency of WSLs in the varnish group, the difference between the varnish and control groups was not significant (P > 0.05). The MI Paste Plus group results were superior to those in the varnish group but not significantly. The saliva pH did not change significantly after the intervention compared to the baseline. Conclusions: MI Paste Plus caused a significant WSLs reduction in orthodontic patients but had no significant effect on the saliva pH.
A new species of Anobothrus (Polychaeta, Ampharetidae) from the Weddell Sea (Antarctica), with notes on habitat characteristics and an updated key to the genus
Authors: Säring Friederike , Bick Andreas , Link Heike
Published: February 2022

Benthic samples were collected during two expeditions near the Antarctic Peninsula and in the South-Eastern Weddell Sea. During these studies, a new species of Ampharetidae Malmgren, 1867, Anobothrus konstantini Säring & Bick sp. nov., was found. Here we present a detailed description of this species. We used the traditional light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify and describe the diagnostic characters: a circular glandular band on segment 6; an elongate ridge between the notopodia on segment 12 and modified notochaetae on this segment; 16 thoracic, two intermediate and ten abdominal segments. For the first time, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used for a species description of Anobothrus. Micro-CT provided information on the shape of the prostomium (Ampharete-type) and the arrangement of branchiae (four pairs in two rows, without a gap). In addition, we provide quantitative information on the environmental niche based on sediment parameters (chlorophyll a content, organic matter content, chloroplast equivalent, grain size) for the new Anobothrus species, relevant for, e.g., species distribution modelling. Finally, an identification key for all Anobothrus species is provided.
Adquisición de un inmueble por uno o ambos cónyuges terminando de abonar su precio constante la sociedad de gananciales
Authors: Gómez-Bello Pagliaro Alejandro F.
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo busca abordar desde una óptica teórica y práctica, algunos de los problemas que pueden surgir al liquidar la sociedad de gananciales en el supuesto de que uno de los futuros contrayentes adquiere un bien inmueble que se termina de pagar vigente la misma y que se destina a vivienda familiar. Desde el punto de vista teórico lo analizamos a través de estudios doctrinales, de sentencias y resoluciones administrativas. Desde el punto de vista práctico lo hacemos por medio de un ejemplo sobre cómo determinar el porcentaje de pro indiviso privativo y ganancial. Todo ello conduce a analizar especialmente el art. 1.357del Código Civil (en adelante CC) que establece la regla general de que los bienes comprados a plazos por uno de los cónyuges y que se termina de pagar ya casado bajo el régimen de gananciales será privativo de éste, y la excepción a esa regla, el art. 1.354 CC, que sería el caso de que el inmueble sea la vivienda familiar.
Puestas en escena fin de siglo
Authors: Almela Margarita
Published: February 2022

La puesta en escena es la realización concreta, sobre el escenario, de una obra dramática, según un proyecto particular de dirección, con una escenografía, una iluminación, un sonido, un movimiento escénico, una gestualidad, interpretación y figurines, diseñados específicamente para ella en un momento dado.
Editorial. El sistema mediático español ante el reto de la desinformación
Authors: Marzal-Felici Javier , Casero-Ripollés Andreu
Published: February 2022

Editorial del número 23.
Vol. 6. No 11.  Uma introdução ao  «Cidade Educadora: olhares e práticas»
Authors: Louro Paulo
Published: February 2022

[PT] Neste número de kult-ur, contamos com participações vindas do Japão, do Brasil, de Espanha, do México e de Portugal. Procurámos colaborações que equacionem a pertinência atual do conceito, conciliandoas com experiências práticas de ações que consubstanciam o conceito de Cidade Educadora.–[CAT] En aquest número de kult-ur, comptem amb participacions procedents del Japó, Brasil, Espanya, Mèxic i Portugal. Hem buscat col·laboracions que equiparen la pertinència actual del concepte, reconciliant-les amb les experi- ències pràctiques de les accions que consustancien el concepte de Ciutat Educadora.–[ES] En este número de kult-ur, contamos con participaciones procedentes de Japón, Brasil, España, México y Portugal. Hemos buscado colaboraciones que equiparan la pertinencia actual del concepto, reconciliándolas con las experiencias prácticas de las acciones que consustancian el concepto de Ciudad Educadora.–[EN] In this issue of kult-ur, we have participations from Japan, Brazil, Spain, Mexico and Portugal.We have sought collaborations that equate the current relevance of the concept, reconciling them with the prac- tical experiences of the actions that consolidate the concept.
ExSTED microscopy reveals contrasting functions of dopamine and somatostatin CSF-c neurons along the lamprey central canal
Authors: Jalalvand Elham , Alvelid Jonatan , Coceano Giovanna , Edwards Steven , Robertson Brita , Grillner Sten , Testa Ilaria
Published: February 2022

Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting (CSF-c) neurons line the central canal of the spinal cord and a subtype of CSF-c neurons expressing somatostatin, forms a homeostatic pH regulating system. Despite their importance, their intricate spatial organization is poorly understood. The function of another subtype of CSF-c neurons expressing dopamine is also investigated. Imaging methods with a high spatial resolution (5–10 nm) are used to resolve the synaptic and ciliary compartments of each individual cell in the spinal cord of the lamprey to elucidate their signalling pathways and to dissect the cellular organization. Here, light-sheet and expansion microscopy resolved the persistent ventral and lateral organization of dopamine- and somatostatin-expressing CSF-c neuronal subtypes. The density of somatostatin-containing dense-core vesicles, resolved by stimulated emission depletion microscopy, was shown to be markedly reduced upon each exposure to either alkaline or acidic pH and being part of a homeostatic response inhibiting movements. Their cilia symmetry was unravelled by stimulated emission depletion microscopy in expanded tissues as sensory with 9 + 0 microtubule duplets. The dopaminergic CSF-c neurons on the other hand have a motile cilium with the characteristic 9 + 2 duplets and are insensitive to pH changes. This novel experimental workflow elucidates the functional role of CSF-c neuron subtypes in situ paving the way for further spatial and functional cell-type classification.
Reciprocally inhibitory circuits operating with distinct mechanisms are differently robust to perturbation and modulation
Authors: Morozova Ekaterina , Newstein Peter , Marder Eve
Published: February 2022

Reciprocal inhibition is a building block in many sensory and motor circuits. We studied the features that underly robustness in reciprocally inhibitory two neuron circuits. We used the dynamic clamp to create reciprocally inhibitory circuits from pharmacologically isolated neurons of the crab stomatogastric ganglion by injecting artificial graded synaptic (ISyn) and hyperpolarization-activated inward (IH) currents. There is a continuum of mechanisms in circuits that generate antiphase oscillations, with ‘release’ and ‘escape’ mechanisms at the extremes, and mixed mode oscillations between these extremes. In release, the active neuron primarily controls the off/on transitions. In escape, the inhibited neuron controls the transitions. We characterized the robustness of escape and release circuits to alterations in circuit parameters, temperature, and neuromodulation. We found that escape circuits rely on tight correlations between synaptic and H conductances to generate bursting but are resilient to temperature increase. Release circuits are robust to variations in synaptic and H conductances but fragile to temperature increase. The modulatory current (IMI) restores oscillations in release circuits but has little effect in escape circuits. Perturbations can alter the balance of escape and release mechanisms and can create mixed mode oscillations. We conclude that the same perturbation can have dramatically different effects depending on the circuits’ mechanism of operation that may not be observable from basal circuit activity.
Eco1-dependent cohesin acetylation anchors chromatin loops and cohesion to define functional meiotic chromosome domains
Authors: Barton Rachael E , Massari Lucia F , Robertson Daniel , Marston Adèle L
Published: February 2022

Cohesin organizes the genome by forming intra-chromosomal loops and inter-sister chromatid linkages. During gamete formation by meiosis, chromosomes are reshaped to support crossover recombination and two consecutive rounds of chromosome segregation. Here, we show that meiotic chromosomes are organized into functional domains by Eco1 acetyltransferase-dependent positioning of both chromatin loops and sister chromatid cohesion in budding yeast. Eco1 acetylates the Smc3 cohesin subunit in meiotic S phase to establish chromatin boundaries, independently of DNA replication. Boundary formation by Eco1 is critical for prophase exit and for the maintenance of cohesion until meiosis II, but is independent of the ability of Eco1 to antagonize the cohesin release factor, Wpl1. Conversely, prevention of cohesin release by Wpl1 is essential for centromeric cohesion, kinetochore mono-orientation, and co-segregation of sister chromatids in meiosis I. Our findings establish Eco1 as a key determinant of chromatin boundaries and cohesion positioning, revealing how local chromosome structuring directs genome transmission into gametes.
Towards Universal Health Coverage: Access to Maternal and Child Health Services in Hard- to-Reach Areas in a Community Development Block of a Health District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Chakraborty Srikanta , Mitra Sukumar , Banerjee Nibedita , Mondal Avilash , Chakraborty Arup , Ghosh Saptarshi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: It is well established that poor economic condition is an important contributor of barrier to accessibility. However, non financial barriers also constitute significant constraints to the equitable access of full range of health services included under national Universal Health Coverage (UHC) policies. Aim: To study the accessibility of Maternal and Child Health Services in remote and hard-to-reach areas towards UHC and also to identify and synthesise non financial access barriers to accessibility of Maternal and Child Health Services and to distinguish them from financial barriers. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, observational study was done using a mixed method approach in the Institute of Public health, Kalyani, Kolkata, West Bengal, India from December 2016 to May 2017. Quantitative analysis of Health Management Information System (HMIS) data along with qualitative study by Focused Group Discussion (FGD) and In-depth Interview (IDI) was performed. Two FGDs were conducted among antenatal mothers and Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) workers and IDI was conducted with female health supervisor of that block. The mothers who attended the Subcentre (SC) for checkup on a particular day were asked to participate, and 10 ASHA workers who had come to the rural hospital on that day for monthly meeting were chosen for another FGD, with the help of a structured questionnaire. Results: Quantitative analysis of HMIS reports revealed decreasing trend in utilisation of Maternal and Child Health Services. There were 3048 antenatal registrations in the year 2012-2013, whereas it was 2771 in the year 2016-2017. The number of institutional deliveries was 1166 in the year 2012-2013, whereas it was 471 in the year 2016 to 2017. The number of health service providers also decreased than that of the previous year. Number of skilled birth healthcare providers were 11 in the year 2012-2013, whereas it become reduced to zero in the year 2016-2017. The qualitative analysis showed financial and non financial barriers played role in service accessibility. Regarding the non financial barrier, poor communication due to inaccessible geography was the key player in accessibility. Conclusion: The lack of skilled human resources as well as the poor communication due to inaccessible geographical location is the most important reason behind the poor UHC in the block
The Pentagon Tells it all. The Golden Ratio and Fibonacci Numbers
Authors: Nexo Ebba
Published: February 2022

The golden cut divides a line so that the ratio between the long and the short leg equals the ration between the sum of the two legs and the long leg. Surprisingly, the value for this ratio can be approached by dividing increasing neighboring Fibonacci numbers, numbers where the next in row is the sum of the two previous figures. Here we show how Fibonacci numbers occur as you construct pentagons where the side length equals the diagonal in the previous pentagon, and how such pentagons can be used to prove that dividing increasing Fibonacci numbers oscillate around the golden ratio.
Spatio-Temporal Changes of Land Use / Land Cover Classes in the Urban Wetland Area of Yenagoa Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ifeanyi C. Elemuwa, , Hart Lawrence, , Elekwachi Wali,
Published: February 2022

The study analyzes land use /land cover changes (LULC) using landsat5 TM, landsat 7 ETM and landsat OLI images of 1990,2000, 2010 and 2020.Through this study, the pattern of urban expansion for 30 years has been studied and changes in the distant future (30 years from now) have also been predicted. The satellite images covering the area were acquired and analyzed using ArcGIS10.3 and ENVI 5.0. A total area of 13741.4 hectares was delineated in the study area which is identified as Yenagoa’s urban area. After processing the imagery, four land use/land cover LULC classes where developed, and the results shows that Built-up area continuously increased in land area from 1990 -2020 with total %change of 273.31%(4178.7Ha) and total annual rate of change of 25.33 ,Vegetation over have total %change of 38.55% (974.34Ha) and total annual rate of change of 3.85, wetland cover loss with total %Change of -61.96%(-5144.99Ha) and total annual rate of change of -6.19, and the water body have loss of total % of -2.16% (-8.05Ha) and total annual rate of change of -0.22. The study recommended that actual monitoring of wetland be employed using modern techniques such as GIS and Remote Sensing and also the traditional methods of conserving wetland ecosystem with appropriate wetland laws and legislation policies for sustainable management in conservation of wetland ecosystem.
Development of GC Method for Analyzing Potential Genotoxic Impurities at Low-level Determination in Atorvastatin Calcium
Authors: Sowmith Sudharsanacharyulu , Tummalagunta Krishnamohan , Boddeti Govindh , Kumar J. V. Shanmukha
Published: February 2022

Atorvastatin Calcium (ATC) is a specific HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor utilized in the avoidance and treatment of cardiovascular infection in those at high danger and treat strange lipid levels. For the quantitative analysis of four PGIs in the medicine ingredient ATC, an ICH-approved Gas chromatography (GC) approach has been developed. Within the examined fixation range, the novel approach was explicit, exact, precise, and direct. Pollutant D, with 0.6 ng/mL, had the lowest recognition level among the four PGIs, which were all below 10 ng/mL. Every contaminant from ATC has been effectively chromatographically separated into its component parts. At a low level, ATC's technique was found to be highly effective in terms of pollution reduction. Proposed techniques are relied upon to measure the strength of ATC creation and to examine PGIs as a reference for ATC assessments. This method can be used to check for pollution levels in the manufacturing process of pharmaceuticals. The API's PGI levels will be kept low thanks to the GC's oversight. As a result, this study's findings will help ensure the safe use of APIs during clinical therapy.
Theranostics Nanomedicine: Recent Advancement, Applications and Challenges
Authors: Ghaywat Shailesh , Dhande Payal , Gaurkar Sneha , Upadhyay Samiksha , Raut Vaishnavi , Binjhade Neha , Wadher Kamlesh , Umekar Milind
Published: February 2022

Many advancements have been made in treatment and diagnosis tools with the progress in modern medicine and technology. Theronostics are multifunctional nanomaterials that combine therapeutic as well as imaging functions. Theranostic nanomedicines are used for checking drug release and efficacy. The amalgamation of diagnostic and therapeutic agents within a single system provides the target site localization and accumulation of nanomedicines in organs.It provides a transition from conventional medicine to personalized medicine. Many different types of nanomedicines have been evaluated over the years. Theragnostics approach includes pharmacogenomics, personalized medicine and imaging to develop efficient new targeted therapies which will help in better and optimize drug selection along with monitoring the therapy response to increase drug safety and efficacy. This review summarizes the recent development and various nanocarriers developed for nanotheranostics, includes inorganic Nanoparticles, Polymeric, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, metallic, and carbon nanotubes.
Comparative Effect of Plaque Removal Efficacy of Toothbrush with Bristle Containing Neem and Charcoal for Maintaining Oral Hygiene: A Clinical Study
Authors: Gothane Darshana , Somnathe Shwetal , Chapade Abhilasha , Madhu Priyanka Paul , Chhabra Kumar Gaurav , Reche Amit
Published: February 2022

Background: The deposition of plaque and calculus is the primary etiological factor for the gingival diseases caused by poor dental hygiene. To provide healthy gums & disease-free oral cavity among the population, toothbrushes with bristle having the extract of Neem and Charcoal supplied to evaluate the effectiveness of plaque removal efficacy for maintaining oral hygiene.

Methodology: The patient was recruit to this study after obtaining informed consent from them. A Randomized clinical trial was conducted among 30 participants (male and female) in Sharad Pawar Dental College, between the ages of 33 to 44 years having at least 20 permanent teeth (excluding the third molars and crowns prosthesis). As per the Plaque Index given by Silness P. and Loe H., the first plaque range should be between <1 and >3 in 1970 is participated in the study. Following the randomization, each participant will provide a specific available toothbrush and asked to 1 minute of brushing, following which the plaque index was measured again. They were advised to brush their teeth two times a day for one minute with the allotted toothbrush in the morning and night after dinner with a commercially available toothpaste using a modified bass technique. At baseline, 7th day, and 15th day, the plaque index scores (before and after brushing) were collected, data was recorded and statistically analyzed.

Expected Results: On day baseline, 7 days, and 15 days after brushing, the mean plaque indices decreased. There was also a decrease in mean plaque indices from day one to day seven and fifteen. These decreases were all statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: The current study demonstrated a significant changes in plaque scores with the use of toothbrushes with bristle containing Neem and Charcoal. The continues usage of the assigned toothbrush resulted in an even greater changes in plaque scores.
Postoperative changes in cognition and cerebrospinal fluid neurodegenerative disease biomarkers
Authors: Berger Miles , Browndyke Jeffrey N. , Cooter Wright Mary , Nobuhara Chloe , Reese Melody , Acker Leah , Bullock W. Michael , Colin Brian J. , Devinney Michael J. , Moretti Eugene W. , Moul Judd W. , Ohlendorf Brian , Laskowitz Daniel T. , Waligorska Teresa , Shaw Leslie M. , Whitson Heather E. , Cohen Harvey J. , Mathew Joseph P. ,   the MADCO‐PC Investigators
Published: February 2022

Objective

Numerous investigators have theorized that postoperative changes in Alzheimer's disease neuropathology may underlie postoperative neurocognitive disorders. Thus, we determined the relationship between postoperative changes in cognition and cerebrospinal (CSF) tau, p‐tau‐181p, or Aβ levels after non‐cardiac, non‐neurologic surgery in older adults.

Methods

Participants underwent cognitive testing before and 6 weeks after surgery, and lumbar punctures before, 24 h after, and 6 weeks after surgery. Cognitive scores were combined via factor analysis into an overall cognitive index. In total, 110 patients returned for 6‐week postoperative testing and were included in the analysis.

Results

There was no significant change from before to 24 h or 6 weeks following surgery in CSF tau (median [median absolute deviation] change before to 24 h: 0.00 [4.36] pg/mL, p = 0.853; change before to 6 weeks: −1.21 [3.98] pg/mL, p = 0.827). There were also no significant changes in CSF p‐tau‐181p or Aβ over this period. There was no change in cognitive index (mean [95% CI] 0.040 [−0.018, 0.098], p = 0.175) from before to 6 weeks after surgery, although there were postoperative declines in verbal memory (−0.346 [−0.523, −0.170], p = 0.003) and improvements in executive function (0.394, [0.310, 0.479], p < 0.001). There were no significant correlations between preoperative to 6‐week postoperative changes in cognition and CSF tau, p‐tau‐181p, or Aβ42 changes over this interval (p > 0.05 for each).

Interpretation

Neurocognitive changes after non‐cardiac, non‐neurologic surgery in the majority of cognitively healthy, community‐dwelling older adults are unlikely to be related to postoperative changes in AD neuropathology (as assessed by CSF Aβ, tau or p‐tau‐181p levels or the p‐tau‐181p/Aβ or tau/Aβ ratios).

Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01993836).
Intelligent Sound Monitoring and Identification System Combining Triboelectric Nanogenerator‐Based Self‐Powered Sensor with Deep Learning Technique
Authors: Yao Hongbo , Wang Zhixin , Wu Yonghui , Zhang Yuanzheng , Miao Kexin , Cui Ming , Ao Tianyong , Zhang Jiawei , Ban Dayan , Zheng Haiwu
Published: February 2022

Urban sound management is required in a variety of fields such as transportation, security, water conservancy and construction, among others. Given the diverse array of available noise sensors and the widespread opportunity to connect these sensors via mobile broadband Internet access, many researchers are eager to apply sound‐sensor networks for urban sound management. Existing sensing networks typically consist of expensive information‐sensing devices, the cost and maintenance of which limit their large‐scale, ubiquitous deployment, thus narrowing their functional measurement range. Herein, an innovative, low‐cost, sound‐driven triboelectric nanogenerator (SDTENG)‐based self‐powered sensor is proposed, from which the SDTENG is primarily comprised of fluorinated ethylene propylene membranes, conductive fabrics, acrylic shells, and Kapton spacers. The SDTENG‐based sensor has been integrated with a deep learning technique in the present study to construct an intelligent sound monitoring and identification system, which is capable of recognizing a suite of common road and traffic sounds with high classification accuracies of 99% in most cases. The novel SDTENG‐based self‐powered sensor combined with deep learning technique demonstrates a tremendous application potential in urban sound management, which will show the excellent application prospects in the field of ubiquitous sensor networks.
Influence of beaver mimicry restoration on habitat availability for fishes, including Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus)
Authors: Albertson Lindsey K. , Ouellet Valerie , Reinert J. Holden , Korb Nathan , Jaeger Matthew
Published: February 2022

Beaver dam mimicry is an emergent conservation practice. We evaluated the influence of constructed riffles, a unique type of beaver mimicry aimed to store water and allow fish passage, on habitat for fishes in one control reach and one manipulated reach with mimicry structures added. The beaver mimicry reach had deeper pool habitats and deeper and wider riffle habitats compared to an unmanipulated control reach. Dissolved oxygen was similar among reaches, averaging 8.7 ± 0.2 and 8.9 mg/L in the beaver mimicry and control reaches, respectively. Sediment size was also similar among reaches, with a D50 of 8.1 and 10.6 mm in the beaver mimicry and control reaches, respectively. The beaver mimicry reach had little to no overhanging bank vegetation or riparian vegetation shade cover, while the control had 38% of its bank covered by canopy and 56% overhung by vegetation. These riparian characteristics result from a legacy of livestock grazing and lack of consistent vegetation planting during restoration. Longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) and white sucker (Catostomus commersonii) dominated in the beaver mimicry reach, together comprising 70% of the fish assemblage post‐structure installation. Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) was not found in the beaver mimicry reach but was present in the control, albeit in small numbers of only 3% of the assemblage post‐structure installation. These results highlight the need to consider both in‐stream and riparian habitat features for fishes, as well as timescales of both hydrological and ecological outcomes in restoration design.
Aqueous selenium removal and distribution in cattail and duckweed in constructed wetland microcosms
Authors: Nattrass Michael P. , Morrison Jesse I. , Baldwin Brian S.
Published: February 2022

Selenium (Se)‐affected stormwater runoff raises concerns about potential downstream impact of Se on aquatic ecosystems. Unplanted (UNP) detention ponds augmented with cattail (Typha angustifolia L.; CAT) and duckweed (Lemna minor L.; DWD) may provide a solution for continuous, rapid abatement of Se‐affected runoff. This research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of CAT or DWD and determining the distribution of Se within a continually flooded detain and drain system. Microcosms containing 3 kg of soil planted to either one CAT, 25 g fresh DWD, or left unplanted (UNP, control) were flooded with a 3‐L solution at 40 μg Se L−1, as sodium selenate (Na2SeO4), or a zero Se control. Over two 10‐d flood–discharge cycles (FDCs), plants in microcosms were evaluated in growth chambers maintained at 30 °C under a 12‐h photoperiod with 400 μmol m−2 s−1 irradiance. Initial and final water, soil, plant, and granular activated charcoal (GAC) were analyzed for total [Se] with inductively coupled plasma–mass spectroscopy (ICP–MS). Data were analyzed with PROC GLM (SAS EG 7.1) at α = .05. Within 10 d after Se application, CAT and DWD decreased aqueous Se from 40 μg Se L−1 to below the 11.8 μg Se L−1 threshold. Selenium recovery ranged between 75 and 100% of the applied Se. In continually flooded systems, the primary elimination pathway appears to be associated with the soil solid phase. Cattail and DWD are suitable species for constructed wetland phytoremediation of Se‐affected runoff. The microcosm design presented may be useful for future evaluations.
Systematic review on computerized cognitive training (CCT) for older adults with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Lai Frank Ho‐yin , Pun Angus Man‐kit , Wong Icy Suet‐Ying , Wong Kathy Ka‐Hei
Published: February 2022

Background

With rapid advances in technology, computerized cognitive training (CCT) is being widely used for cognitive training (CT) in elderly with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) aiming to preserve cognitive functioning. Various training protocols are developed with different levels of effectiveness. Therefore, this review aims at evaluating the effectiveness of CCT on cognitive and non‐cognitive domains, including mood condition and ADL performance, among elderly with MCI; examining the efficacy of multi‐model CCT and determining whether it is more superior than the single‐model ones; comparing CCT and traditional CT; and providing recommendations for future studies.

Method

Literature searches were conducted following PRISMA guidelines with the following criteria: participants with mean age greater than 58 and with a diagnosis of MCI. Fifteen studies that were conducted in the past ten years met the criteria with an average PEDro score of 7.2.

Result

There was a considerable variation in study design, training content, and technologies used. The major types of technologies used include computerized software, tablets, and gaming consoles. CCT was able to bring a positive effect with a small effect size on global cognition in 7 out of 10 studies and on memory in all of the ten studies that evaluated it, significant effect with a large effect size on attention in 5 out of 6 studies and on executive function in 6 out of 12 studies. Some CCT improved mood and activity of daily livings.

Conclusion

CCT showed promising effect in improving cognitive function and mood among elderly with MCI, however, different level of effectiveness on ADL observed relating to inconsistent training content and associated protocols. Multi‐model CCT was shown to be more superior to single‐model or traditional CT. To maximize training effect and maintain the positive gains, CCT should be initiated before being diagnosed with dementia and incorporated into daily activities.
Aberrant interhemispheric functional connectivity and cerebral blood flow in vascular dementia (VD) and non‐amyloid mild cognitive impairment (NamyMCI)
Authors: Cheung Eva YW , Shea Yat Fung , Chiu Patrick Ka‐Chun , Kwan Joseph SK , Mak Henry
Published: February 2022

Background

Previous studies have demonstrated that functional connectivity and relative cerebral blood flow were altered in patients suffered from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the application on vascular dementia (VD) and non‐amyloid mild cognitive impairment (VMCI) are still unclear.

Method

65 participants (18 healthy controls HC, 16 AD, 18 NamyMCI, 13 vascular dementia (VD)) were recruited, from the university hospital memory clinic, to undergo MRI scanning. All participants underwent structural MRI, resting state functional MRI (rs‐fMRI) scanning and pseudo continuous arterial spin labelling (pCASL) with post‐labelling delay time at 2000ms in the same session. Voxel Mirrored Homotopic Connectivity (VMHC) was calculated based on the method used by Kelly et al., 2011 [1] and Zuo et al., 2010 [2]. The analysis of pCASL images performed using ASL‐MRICloud by Li et al., 2017 [3]. White matter hypointensities on T1‐weighted 3D anatomical images of each individual was calculated using FreeSurfer image analysis suite 6.0. Group differences in VMHC, absolute CBF and relative CBF were determined by performing whole brain voxel‐wise ANCOVA analysis on subject‐specific VMHC maps, absolute CBF maps and relative CBF maps respectively, with age, gender and GM volume as covariates. To identify the significant associations between IFC and CBF, a voxel‐wise correlation analysis was conducted using the DPABI v 4.0.

Result

Both IFC and CBF were reduced in AD group. However there is no significant relationship found in correlation analysis. For NamyMCI group, negative correlation were found in precuneus, cuneus, calcarine, superior frontal gyrus and insula. For VD, positive correlation was found in superior frontal gyrus, inferior frontal orbital gyrus, rolandic operculum and superior temporal gyrus. Also, the T1 white matter hypointensity volume was significantly larger than that of the other groups (p<0.001).

Conclusion

IFC reduction in AD was independent to CBF reduction, probably related amyloid deposition. For NamyMCI, negative correlation suggested that CBF increases to compensate the attenuated IFC to maintain daily functions. For VD, CBF reduction relates positively with IFC, suggested the CBF reduction is one of the factors contributed to IFC reduction in VD.