bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medial tibial plateau fracture following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty – characteristics, risk factors, pathogenesis and treatment methods. Literature review and case report
Authors:   Orthopedic and Trauma Department, Veteran’s Memorial Teaching Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Poland, Balabekyan Arnak , Domżalski Marcin , Mostowy Marcin , Lesman Jędrzej
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Medial tibial plateau fracture (MTPF) after medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a rare but significant complication. Materials and methods. MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library databases were searched using specific search terms. The inclusion criteria were articles in English, medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty intraoperative or stress MTPF, reported patients’ demographics and fracture characteristics, the treatment process, any case with a follow-up for a minimum of 3 months and the reported outcome. The exclusion criteria were lateral tibial plateau fracture, traumatic injury, all cases with a follow-up shorter than 3 months and no reported outcome. Results. From 374 records initially found, 36 were included in the analysis highlighting the characteristics, causes and mechanisms of UKA-related MTPF. As to the treatment outcomes, only 10 studies with a total of 19 cases met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. What was also reported was a case report of a 52-year-old patient diagnosed with MTPF one week after UKA and treated using ORIF with support plate and bone augmentation. At the 8-month follow-up, the patient was complaint-free and received 88 points in the KOOS Score. Conclusions. Several measures were proposed in the literature to minimize the risk of UKA-related MTPF. One of them is appropriate patient selection (BMI, BMD). As to the operative technique, positioning tibial pins too close to the medial tibial cortex and tibial plateau, extending the sagittal and vertical cut, damaging the posterior cortex and using excessive force during hammering should be avoided. In addition, the proper tibial component size and placement (considering the gender, race and knee alignment) is also important. UKA-related MTPF was reported to be managed with either conservative treatment, ORIF or revision to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). While conservative treatment carries a high risk of failure, and the revision to TKA is a massive procedure associated with the removal of all UKA components, ORIF was reported to bring favorable outcomes, being less invasive than revision to TKA.
The Impact of Past Temporal Discounting on Mental Health: Opposite Effects of Positive and Negative Event Aftertastes Over Time
Authors: Hu Bowen , Zhang Shunmin , LIU PEIWEI , Zhou Feng , 冯 廷勇
Published: October 2022

Background: Time frees people from bereavement, but also fades childhood happiness, these dynamics can be understood through the framework of past temporal discounting (PTD) which refers to the gradual decrease in affect intensity elicited by recalling positive or negative events over time. Despite its importance, measuring PTD has been challenging, and its impact on real-life outcomes such as mental health remains unknown. Method: Here, we employed a longitudinal tracking approach to measure PTD in healthy participants (N = 210) across eight time points. We recorded changes in affect intensity for positive and negative events and examined the impact of PTD on mental health outcomes, including general mental well-being, depression, stress sensitivity, and etc. Results: The results of Bayesian multilevel modeling indicated that the affect intensity for positive and negative events discounted over time at a gradually decelerating rate. Furthermore, we found that maintaining good mental health heavily depended on rapid PTD of negative events and slow PTD of positive events. Conclusions: These results provide a comprehensive characterization PTD and demonstrate its importance in maintaining mental health.
pelaksanaan akad qardh dalam pembiayaan usaha kecil
Authors: ruqoyyah sayyidah
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan akad qardh yaitu akad pinjam meminjam yang diberikan kepada yang membutuhkan atau perjanjian antr kedua belah pihak dimana pihak pertama menyediakan harta atau memberikan harta yang juga bisa disebut dengan meminjamkan harta kepada orang lain yang membutuhkan dana cepat tanpa mengharapkan imbalan. Dan dalam perbankan syariah di menyediakan system akad qardh yang mana meminjamkan uang dengan sejumlah yang diinginkan oleh nasabah dan mengembalikan nya dengan jangka waktu yang sudah di tetapkan pada saat akad dilaksanakan. Aqad al-qardh ini bisa menjadi fasilitas untuk membantu usaha kecil menengah atau social kemasyarakatan. Dan manfaat akad qardh untuk membantu nasabah yang membutuhkan dana cepat sekaligus salah satu ciri pemberi antara bank syariah dan bank konvensional yang di dalam nya terkandung misi social.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB KEENGANAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP MAMBAYAR ZAKAT DAN INFAQ DI MASJID JAMI AL-MUHAJIRIN
Authors: Nurrosid Muhammad
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out about the zakat and infaq collection system by the Jami AL-Muhajirin Mosque, analyze the factors causing the reluctance of the community to pay zakat and infaq through the Jami Al-Muhajirin Mosque and to find out the policies pursued by the management of the Jami Al-Muhajirin Mosque in attracting people to pay their zakat through the mosque. This research is a field research (Field Research) with the data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the zakat collection system by the Jami Al-Muhajirin Mosque uses 2 (two) systems, namely first, zakat is immediately picked up by the mosque administrator to the muzakki and secondly, the muzakki deposits the zakat directly to the Jami Al-Muhajirin Mosque. Meanwhile, the factors that cause people's reluctance to pay zakat and infaq through the Jami Al-Muhajirin Mosque are that the community wants to pay their own zakat and infaq to the mustahiq they want and is also due to the lack of trust level of the community in the mosque, then it is also caused by Muzakki not understanding how the procedure or method of paying zakat and infaq through the Jami AL-Muhajirin Mosque. The policy carried out by the Jami Al-Muhajirin Mosque in attracting muzakki or the community to pay their zakat through the mosque is to vigorously socialize the existence of the mosque itself to the community.
IMPLEMENTASI AKAD WAKALAH DALAM BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Inayah Syafa'atun Nur
Published: October 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memahami tentang implementasi akad wakalah dalam fiqih muamalah dan perbankan syariah maka artikel ini berusaha mengkaji atau mempertemukan antara teori fiqih muamalah tentang konsep-konsep wakalah dengan realitas aplikasi yang terjadi di lembaga keuangan syariah. data penelitian didapatkan dari beberapa artikel ilmiah, buku dan wibsite. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur yaitu dengan mencari data yang relevan. Referensi mengenai teori yang diperoleh menggunakan studi literatur kemudian dijadikan sebagai alat untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwasanya akad wakalah adalah Jika orang yang mewakilkan sudah meninggal, maka kewenangan melakukan pekerjaan tersebut berada pada ahli waris. Islam menerapkan wakalah karena wakalah dibutuhkan oleh manusia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya, karena tidak semua manusia berhasil menyelesaikan urusannya atau pekerjaannya sendiri tanpa meminta bantuan orang lain. Al- Qur’an dan hadist sudah sudah mengisyaratkan kebolehan tindakan wakalah. Seperti yang ada didalam QS. Al-Kahfi 19.
The Impact of Knowledge and Attitudes on Physicians', Nurses' and Pharmacists' Recommendation of Probiotics: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fei Yi Yang , Steen Jeremy , Tutt Emma , Ng Jeremy Y. , Dobbins Maureen
Published: October 2022

Interest in probiotic use has surged in past decades and the current evidence-base suggests clinical benefits of many probiotic strains. Given the industry’s expansion, it is likely that patients will continue to seek guidance from healthcare providers about probiotics. Therefore, healthcare providers should be knowledgeable about how and when to recommend probiotics. The purpose of this systematic review was to understand how knowledge and attitudes impact physicians, nurses, and pharmacists (PNPs) in their probiotic recommendation behaviour. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycINFO were systematically searched from inception until December 17, 2021. Title/abstract and full-text screening, along with quality assessment using the JBI's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies, were conducted independently and in duplicate. Seventeen studies were included; all were cross-sectional surveys. PNPs generally had good knowledge and/or could provide the definition of probiotics. Pharmacists possessed the most knowledge. Physicians and pharmacists conveyed positive attitudes about the safety, efficacy, and clinical role of probiotics, while nurses’ attitudes were not reported. The majority of PNPs stated that they lacked experience and/or would not recommend probiotics to their patients, however, probiotics were regularly recommended for less severe conditions, like bloating and diarrhea. Common barriers preventing recommendation included a lack of supporting information and a perceived lack of efficacy. Our findings demonstrate that PNPs made limited probiotics recommendations. Limited evidence was identified on how knowledge of probiotics was acquired or applied. Future research should investigate the inclusion of probiotics in PNP curricula and scope of practice.
HIWALAH DALAM KEUANGAN SYARIAH
Authors: Inayah Syafa'atun Nur
Published: October 2022

The hiwalah mechanism in Islamic financial institutions, especially Islamicbanking, is based on the principle of mutual help from solidarity which helps lighten the burden of people in difficulty paying off their debts, and in the banking world, hiwalah is a transfer of debt. Credit activities cover all aspects of the economy both in the fields of production, consumption, trade, investment and services. In practice, the general hiwalah facility is to assist consumers in obtaining cash capital so that they can continue their business activities. Hiwalah is not used to solve account problems, but acts as a transfer of funds from one person to another. Hiwalah or tabarru' contracts are usually carried out to provide assistance when experiencing economic difficulties.
PERAN FILANTROFI ISLAM ZAKAF, INFAQ, SHADAQOH DAN WAQAF DALAM PEMEBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Ashary Habib
Published: October 2022

Permasalahan yang ada pada masyarakat Desa Sriti adalah masyarakat belum terlalu paham tentang potensi filantrofi islam, Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqoh, dan Wakaf (ZISWAF), dalam masyarakat umum khususnya desa sriti masih beranggapan bahwa zakat hanya sebatas zakat fitrah dan zakat maal yang biasanya, Belum pahamnya masyarakat dalam membedakan penghasilan sudah terkena zakat atau masih sekedar infak, serta sedekah, dan masih belum ada pengelompokkan penerimaan manfaat dari penghimpunan dana Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqoh , Wakaf (ZISWAF). Serta Pendistribusian secara teratur dan sesuai kelompok yang sesuai aturan yang ada di Al-Qur’an dan Hadist. Tujuan dalam pelaksanaan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat di Desa Sriti Kecamatan Sawo Kabupaten Ponorogo terfokus pada pemberdayaan masyarakat, pelaksanaan program sosialisasi, peningkatan kemampuan masyarakat di bidang filantrofi ekonomi tentang Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqoh, Wakaf (ZISWAF). Metode yang dilakukan secara partisipatif dengan metode diskusi, tanya jawab dan ceramah peningkatan pengetahuan tentang Filantofi islam. Hasil dari kegiatan Sosialisasi Filantrofi Islam adalah Pengetahuan serta pemahaman masyarakat lebih meningkat mengenai filantrofi islam yang sebelumnya belum mengetahui mengenai filantofi islam. Pada Kegiatan Sosialisasi ini membuktikan bahwa perekonomian masyarakat dapat meningkat jika pengetahun masyarakat mengenai pentingnya Filantrofi Islam yang dapat memulihkan perekonomian masyarakat Desa Sriti.
Konsep uang dalam islam
Authors: Khaerani Siti Fadhilah
Published: October 2022

Dalam ekonomi Islam, secara etimologi uang berasal dari kata al-naqdunuqud. Pengertiannya ada beberapa makna, yiatu al-naqdu yang berarti yang b dari dirham, menggenggam dirham, dan al-naqdu juga berarti tunai. Kata nuqud tidak terdapat dalam al-Qur‟an dan hadist karena bangsa arab umumnya tidak menggunakan nuqud untuk menunjukkan harga. Mereka menggunakan kata dinar untuk menunjukkan mata uang yang terbuat dari emas dan kata dirham untuk menunjukkan alat tukar yang terbuat dari perak.
TRANSAKSI AKAD ISTISHNA’ DALAM PRAKTEK JUAL BELI ONLINE
Authors: Inayah Syafa'atun Nur
Published: October 2022

Along with the development of technology in making transactions that are increasingly developing, there are many conveniences for people to shop. such as selling bells online known as e-commerce. By concluding that buying and selling transactions on shopee, tokopedia, lazada, bibli, bukalapak e-commerce have been widely used by the public today. Online buying and selling is buying and selling with a purchase system by ordering and paying at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end with a predetermined grace period using technological sophistication. There are also contracts used such as istisna contracts in carrying out this transaction. The purpose of this study is to examine more deeply the istisna contract in online buying and selling transactions. This paper uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The analysis used uses content analysis, with more depth to the information found. The results of this study found out buying and selling transactions in Islam with istisna contracts, the basis of Shari'a, istisna parallel, and how the transaction formed.
Peran Filantrofi Islam Zakaf, Infaq, Shadaqoh Dan Waqaf Dalam Pemeberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat
Authors: amal ikhsanul
Published: October 2022

Permasalahan yang ada pada masyarakat Desa Sriti adalah masyarakat belum terlalu paham tentang potensi filantrofi islam, Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqoh, dan Wakaf (ZISWAF), dalam masyarakat umum khususnya desa songgom masih beranggapan bahwa zakat hanya sebatas zakat fitrah dan zakat maal yang biasanya, Belum pahamnya masyarakat dalam membedakan penghasilan sudah terkena zakat atau masih sekedar infak, serta sedekah, dan masih belum ada pengelompokkan penerimaan manfaat dari penghimpunan dana Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqoh , Wakaf (ZISWAF). Serta Pendistribusian secara teratur dan sesuai kelompok yang sesuai aturan yang ada di Al-Qur’an dan Hadist. Tujuan dalam pelaksanaan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat di Desa Sriti Kecamatan Sawo Kabupaten Ponorogo terfokus pada pemberdayaan masyarakat, pelaksanaan program sosialisasi, peningkatan kemampuan masyarakat di bidang filantrofi ekonomi tentang Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqoh, Wakaf (ZISWAF). Metode yang dilakukan secara partisipatif dengan metode diskusi, tanya jawab dan ceramah peningkatan pengetahuan tentang Filantofi islam. Hasil dari kegiatan Sosialisasi Filantrofi Islam adalah Pengetahuan serta pemahaman masyarakat lebih meningkat mengenai filantrofi islam yang sebelumnya belum mengetahui mengenai filantofi islam. Pada Kegiatan Sosialisasi ini membuktikan bahwa perekonomian masyarakat dapat meningkat jika pengetahun masyarakat mengenai pentingnya Filantrofi Islam yang dapat memulihkan perekonomian masyarakat Desa Sriti.
PRINSIP UANG DALAM ISLAM
Authors: istiqomah Bunga sahila hizbul
Published: October 2022

Uang yaitu sebagai alat tukar atau pembayaran utang dan piutang, diterima oleh masyarakat umum, dan dilindungi oleh hukum. Untuk bisa digunakan oleh masyarakat umum, uang harus bisa dijamin oleh hukum disuatu wilayah pemerintahan, dimana hukum berfungsi untuk memberikan rasa aman (karena sudah termaktub didalam undang undang, contohnya di indonesia).
Seismicity modulation due to hydrological loading in a stable continental region: a case study from the Jektvik swarm sequence in Northern Norway
Authors: Shiddiqi Hasbi , Ottemöller Lars , Rondenay Stéphane , Custódio Susana , Gahalaut Vineet , Yadav Rajeev , Halpaap Felix , Gahalaut Kalpna
Published: October 2022

Seismic swarms have been observed for more than 40 years along the coast of Nordland, Northern Norway. However, the detailed spatio-temporal evolution and mechanisms of these swarms have not yet been resolved due to the historically sparse seismic station coverage. An increased number of seismic stations now allows us to study a nearly decade-long swarm sequence in the Jektvik area during the 2013-2021 time window. Our analysis resolves four major groups of events, each consisting of several spatial clusters, that have distinct spatial and temporal patterns. Computed focal mechanism solutions are predominantly normal with NNE-SSW strike direction reflecting a near-vertical maximum principal stress and a NW-SE near-horizontal minimum principal stress, which are controlled by local NW-SE extension. We attribute the swarm sequence to fluid-saturated fracture zones that are reactivated due to this local extension. Over the time period, the activity tends to increase between February and May, which coincides with the late winter and beginning of spring time in Norway. We hypothesize that the seismicity is modulated seasonally by hydrological loading from snow accumulation. This transient hydrological load results in elastic deformation that is observed at local GNSS stations. The loading is shown to promote failure in a critically stressed normal faulting system. Once a segment is activated, it can then also trigger neighboring segments via stress transfer. Our new results point to a close link between lithosphere and hydrosphere contributing to the occurrence of seismic swarm activity in northern Norway.
Explaining the relationship between Agency and Communion by means of Lay Personality Theories and Connectionist Modelling
Authors: Dragon Piotr , Holland Rob , Szumowska Ewa , Suska Agnieszka , Kossowska Małgorzata , Wigboldus Daniel
Published: October 2022

The relationship between the "Big Two" dimensions of social perception – Agency and Communion – is a topic of ongoing debate. In some studies, these dimensions seem independent; in others, they are positively, negatively, or curvilinearly related. In the current paper, we aimed to explain these seemingly contradictory findings through a model of individual differences in the cognitive representations of the Big Two, i.e., lay personality theories of Agency and Communion. We represent the relationship between these two dimensions as an associative network and apply connectionist modeling to simulate impression formation processes. In simulation study 1, we recreated various relationships between Communion and Agency found in the literature. In an experimental study, we proved the model’s predictive validity. In a following simulation study 2, we checked the degree to which the relationship between Agency and Communion can depend on the specific sample of participants.
Analysis of Students' Science Process Skills Assisted with Digital Worksheets on Temperature and Heat Materials
Authors: Algiranto Algiranto , Nikat Rikardus Feribertus , Sulistiyono Sulistiyono
Published: October 2022

This research aimed to determine the analysis of process skills on the digital worksheet for class X MA Almunawaroh material temperature and heat. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method based on 6 indicators of science process skills, namely formulating problems, making observations, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses through experiments, analyzing to make conclusions, and communicating results. The material analyzed in the digital worksheet is temperature and heat in terms of explaining concepts, student activities, and using digital worksheets. The results of this study indicate that the criteria for science process skills raise 6 indicators with varying percentages of concept explanations, student activities, and the use of digital worksheets. Each indicator obtained the percentage value of science process skills, namely: formulating problems (23.80%), conducting observations (14.20%), formulating hypotheses (26.20%), testing hypotheses through experiments (21.50%), analyzing to make conclusions (9.58%), communicate results (4.72%). Based on all the digital worksheet-assisted learning series, it can be concluded that science process skills can be measured and trained properly based on 6 indicators of science process skills in learning temperature and heat in class X MA Almunawaroh.
Meta-Analysis of the Effect of STEM Approach on Students' Creative and Critical Thinking Skills in Physics Learning in Senior High School
Authors: Maharani Sastra Puti Zafirah , Jalis Putri Yunita Jeliyah , Pratama Fredy , Desnita Desnita
Published: October 2022

This research aims to determine the effect of the STEM approach on the creative and critical thinking skills of high school students in learning physics. This research uses meta-analysis. The data in this research is secondary data from the results of research that have been investigated by other researchers. The data collection technique is using a literature study by looking for articles related to STEM learning. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling technique. The sources of the research are 20 articles with national and international accreditation with criteria according to the problem formulation. This meta-analysis uses Cohen's d. effect size calculation method. The results obtained are first, based on the integrated learning model of the STEM approach that the STEM approach without the integrated model obtains the highest average effect value with an average effect of 2.93. Second, based on the learning material, the highest average value of the effect is on the dynamic electric material and Newton's law of gravity. Third, the application of the STEM approach to creative and critical thinking skills has an average effect of 2.66 for critical thinking skills, while creative thinking skills have an average effect of 1.47. Thus the STEM approach affects improving students' creative and critical thinking skills through integration with high school physics learning models and materials.
Social Condition of Elderly People of Pashupati Elderly's Home
Authors: Khanal Archana
Published: October 2022

All countries have to face population aging sooner or later, depending on their degree of development. However, elderly care is predicted to soon become a major concern for developing countries such as Nepal. Both quantitative and qualitative investigations were conducted on elderly people living in Pashupati Elderly’s Home in Kathmandu using the descriptive and eresearch design. Thirty elderly people were the respondents of this study. Face-to-face interview, KII, and observation methods were used to collect data on the elderly and their attitudes toward senior citizen homes. Most elderly people are forced by different factors like loneliness, family dispute, disability, poverty, and domination in their families to take shelter in old people’s homes for several years. Some were living happily in the home, though they missed their family on some occasions because they could have spent their leisure time by sharing their emotions and feelings with same-age groups.
Urbanization in Nepal: Focus on Pre-requisites and Trend
Authors: Sapkota Bhaba Datta
Published: October 2022

This study aims at assessing the basic pre-requisites and trends of urbanization in Nepal. Using secondary sources of data, the study embarks on a successive analysis of the years ranging from 1952 to 2017, while employing a descriptive research design. Simple descriptive tools: tabulation, percentage, and trend line are used for data presentation and analysis. Urbanization in Nepal is defined as a crucial way in terms of the rise in the proportion of the total population residing in designated urban areas; not by the sufficient availability of infrastructures but by the excessive migration of people from rural to urban areas seeking modern amenities. The official statistics show that the trend of urbanization in Nepal is in increasing order in recent years. This is the by-product of ad-hoc political decisions. However, this paper limited its scope by considering only pre-requisites, and trends as a measure to examine the pattern of urbanization in Nepal. This paper provides insightful guidelines, and problems solving strategy, especially, for decisionmakers, policy makers, planners, demographers and academicians in relation to developing countries. Academic integrity, professional ethics, and minimum similarity index are used.
The Role of Remittance on Socio-Economic Progress in Nepal
Authors: Aryal Gokarna Raj
Published: October 2022

This research paper examines the contribution of remittance on socio-economic development of Nepal. The specific objectives are to study the trends, patterns and diversifications of foreign labor migration. This study uses entirely secondary data. The majority of Nepali families earn their income through foreign employment. Nepal has about 200 years’ long history of receiving international remittance, as a sum of money transferred from foreign migrant workers to individual or their families in their homeland. The Gulf Cooperation Council and Malaysia are the major destination countries for Nepalese workers. The report of National Planning Commission 2020/21 shows Nepal received NPR 961.05 billions remittance from 128 different countries constituting 22.5 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The report of economic survey 2020/21 shows annual per capita income of Nepal reached 1, 381 US dollars in 2021, with an increment of about 11 percent to the previous year. Migration and remittance have contributed to increase the per capita income of Nepal over the years along with significant change in the social development.
Opportunities and Challenges of Bamboo Based Entrepreneurship in Badikhel Area of Lalitpur District, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Raju Ram
Published: October 2022

This study opportunities and challenges of bamboo based entrepreneurship was carried out in Badikhel area of Lalitpur district, Nepal. This paper is a descriptive study focused to assess the opportunities and challenges of bamboo based entrepreneurship. Both primary and secondary data were used.  Questionnaire, key informants interview, focus group discussion were used to coined the required information. The quantitative data are presented in tabulator form and qualitative data are interpreted as a narrative form. The study showed traditional marketing strategy, lack of resources, traditional skills, and transportations, lack of opportunities, lack of financial knowledge and lack to access to financial institutions are major challenges while promoting the bamboo based enterprises. However, this study proved that these entrepreneur, identified good opportunities, practice on equal wage for same work, initiate their ventures and they have formulated plan. The study indicated that financial access, training facilities, government subsidy, etc. are opportunities in this regard. Pahari were socialized in farming, husbandry, bamboo winning, bamboo crafting and now some people are shifting others. There are some recommendations that could uplift the micro enterprises in Nepal. Without entrepreneurship rural area cannot be developed, thus, good policies and plan must formulate and implement as well with sufficient financial and technical support by local government and development stakeholders. The verbal consent was taken while collecting the data.
Increasing Trend of Sexual Assault Cases in Nepal
Authors: Dulal Tulasa Devi
Published: October 2022

Rape and sexual violence is a deep-rooted issue in Nepal, as it is around the world. The number of reported rape cases continues to rise despite strict laws in Nepal. The topic is framed as part of women issue of gender based violence. This article tries to highlight the trend and situation of sexual assault (rape) analyzing the existing rape cases. The study is based on descriptive as well as analytical in nature. Sources of information in this study are secondary data like published and un- published research papers, journal articles and survey reports with desk review method. Although most countries have laws  prohibiting sexual assault and violence. While the number of rape cases and sexual violence has increased in several nations in recent years, there are still countries where no rape incidents have been documented. The Nepal Police in 2021 reported that up to seven women and girls are raped every day in the country, most of them by neighbors, relatives and acquaintances. Therefore, the state should not fail to protect the rights of the victims.” The incidents of murder and murder after rape have increased drastically in the recent times. According to statistics, 17 women were murdered after rape in the past four years. One point that has come under intense scrutiny is that law in Nepal specifies women and girls as the victim in case of rape. Despite the Constitution and law guarantees, instances of rape are increasing in Nepal. In the other, sexual violence by intimate partner is largely unreported due to social stigma as well as the belief that forced sexual relation by a husband without the consent of the wife doesn’t constitute violence. Many cases of rape and sexual violence go unreported to police because of social stigma, lack of trust in the justice system and lack of protection of victims.
Prospects of Promoting Festival Tourism: A Case study of Khame Jatra in Bhaktapur
Authors: Dulal Lok Nath
Published: October 2022

Bhaktapur is one of the ancient and the most famous cultural tourist destinations of Nepal. One can observe and have a wonderful experience of tangible and intangible cultural tourism products such as historical, archeological, religious and secular monuments, treasures of arts and crafts and varied indigenous living cultural activities. As the mirrors of Bhaktapur, tangible and intangible cultural heritage reflect the folktales, music and dance, history and traditions, way of life, religious beliefs, costumes and customary laws, dress/ ornaments, social harmony, joys and fears, dreams and sorrows, and the feeling of unity in the diversity of people. The people of Bhaktapur annually celebrate different colourful festivals and Jatras on the special auspicious days. Rest of them, Khame Jatra is a renowned cultural heritage and a very important cultural tourism product. Khame is a male buffalo which is taken out in Open Street for the procession during the ninth day of Dashain festival. It is an archetypal Jatra which is considered a hallmark of indigenous cultural identity and a popular cultural tourism product of Bhaktapur. But, this Jatra is still unexposed; hence it is a hidden or veiled festival. It is necessary recognizing the prominence of Khame Jatra as a prominent tourism product and a prodigious agent for preservation of traditional culture and an effective means of cultural renovation, national identity building and economic growth. The concerned stakeholders and the governing bodies should pay adequate attention for the protection and promotion of this Jatra as a prominent tourism product
The Sati System in Nepal: Religious Conviction and Social Complications
Authors: Manandhar Tina
Published: October 2022

The practice of widow burning ‘Sati Pratha’ was prevalent in Nepal from the ancient period up to its abolishment during the Rana regime by Prime Minister Chandra Shamsher. The practice was at its apex during the medieval period in Nepal when not only the widow but in some cases mother, slave girls, and even boys were immolated most probably against their wish. This was because most of the religious texts praised it and took it as one of the glorious acts one can perform to sanctify themselves and their lineage. Such religious conviction encouraged social complications and in some cases, such acts were performed to gain political advancements also. This paper tends to analyze the different factors which encouraged/forced innocent women to give up their life and how the cruel act of burning a person gained such popularity among the people. Along with its history to the actions taken in phase-wise for its abolishment in case of Nepal are discussed.
कीर्तिपुर शहरको किल्ला एवं ढोकाहरू: उत्पत्ति, इतिहास र संस्कृति {Fort and Gates Of Kirtipur City: Origin, History and Culture}
Authors: आचार्य Acharya महेश कुमार Mahesh Kumar
Published: October 2022

पर्खालले घेरिएकाे मानव बस्ती किल्ला हाे र यस्ता किल्लाभित्र प्रवेश गर्नका लागि बनाइएका प्रवेशद्वारहरू ढाेका हुन् । तसर्थ कीर्तिपुर मध्यकालीन किल्लाबन्द शहर हाे । नेपालकाे एकीकरणकाे समयमा काठमाडाैं भ्रमण गर्ने एच्.ए. अेाल्डफिल्डले याे शहरका किल्ला र ढाेकाहरूकाे जीर्णताकाे चर्चा गरेका छन् । यी किल्ला र ढाेका सुरूमा सामरिक महत्वका कारणले बनाइएका थिए । तर विस्तारै यी ढाेकासँग कीर्तिपुरवासीका विभिन्न सांस्कृतिक अ।स्था र विश्वासहरू जाेडिंदै गए । मध्यकालीन नेपाल र खासगरी कीर्तिपुरमा विशेष ढाेका संस्कृतिकाे विकास हुन पुग्याे । कीर्तिपुर शहरकाे किल्ला र ढाेकाहरूकाे एैतिहासिकता के हाे? यस किल्लामा कति ढाेकाहरू रहेका थिए? र यी ढाेकासँग के कस्ता सांस्कृतिक अभ्यासहरू हुने गरेका छन् भन्ने प्रश्नहरूलाइ प्रमुख शाेधकाे प्रश्न बनाइ यिनकाे उत्तर खाेज्नका लागि याे शाेधकार्य गरिएकाे थियाे । यसकाे एैतिहासिक गुणात्मक ढाँचाकाे अनुसन्धान याेजना बनाइ अवलाेकन तथा अन्तर्वार्ता जस्ता विधिबाट प्राथमिक तथ्यहरू संकलन गरिएकाे थियाे । कतिपय तथ्य भने कीर्तिपुर शहरकाे एैतिहासिकता, किल्ला वास्तुकला, नेपालकाे बस्ती विकासजस्ता विषय समेटेर प्रकाशित भएका द्वितीयक स्राेत अन्तर्गतका पुस्तक तथा लेखहरूबाट पनि संकलन गरिएकाे थियाे । दुवै प्रकारका श्राेतबाट प्राप्त तथ्यहरूलाइ वर्णनात्मक शैलीमा प्रस्तुत गरेर लेख तयार पारिएकाे छ । यस अध्ययनबाट सन् १२४२ मै कीर्तिपुर एक किल्लाबन्द शहरका रूपमा स्थापित भै सकेकाे देखिएकाे र सन् १३७० देखि याे किल्लामा निरन्तर रूपमा किल्ला नायक (काेट्टनायक) जस्ता प्रशासकहरू नियुक्त भएकाे हुँदा याे निरन्तर किल्लाकै रूपमा विकसित भैरहेकाे थियाे भन्ने तथ्य पाइएकाे छ । अठाराैं शताब्दीमा किल्ला र ढाेकाहरू विकासकाे चरम उत्कर्षमा रहेकाे याे किल्लामा त्यस बेला कम्तिमा ११ ढाेकाहरू रहेकाे तथ्य पनि यसै अध्ययनबाट पुष्टि भएकाे छ । नेपाल एकीकरण पछि यसकाे सामरिक महत्व घटेपछि क्रमशः यी किल्ला र ढाेका जीर्ण बन्दै भाैतिक संरचना हराएकाे देखिन्छ । तर पनि लामाे समय यस्ताे किल्ला र ढाेकाहरूबाट सुरक्षित शहरमा बसाेबास गर्दै जादा विकसित भएकाे ढाेका सम्बद्ध संस्कृति हालसम्म विद्यमान रहेकाे तथ्य र यस्ताे ढाेका संस्कृतिकाे रूपमा हाल खराब अ।त्माकाे पुतला र मृतकले मृत्यू अघि उपयाेग गरेका र मृत्यूपछि अशुद्ध हुन पुगेका वस्तुहरू ढाेका बाहिर मात्र विसर्जन गर्नुपर्ने, मृतककाे लास समल ढाेकाबाट मात्र बाहिर लैजानु पर्ने, इन्द्राणी देवीकाे खट देवढाेकाबाट मात्र भित्राउनु पर्ने, जात्रा र देव नृत्य ताेकिएका ढाेकाहरूबाट मात्र शहरमा भित्राउनु पर्ने, मृत अ।त्मालाइ ढाेका बाहिर मात्र खाना अर्पण गर्नुपर्ने र सफाइकर्मी समुदाय ढाेका बाहिरमात्र बसाेबास गर्नुपर्ने सांस्कृतिक अभ्यासहरू यहाँ विकसित हुन पुगेकाे जस्ता तथ्यहरू यस अध्ययनबाट प्रकाशमा अ।एका छन् ।
Entrepreneurial Development in Renewable Energy Sector of Nepal
Authors: Yadav Maheshwar Prasad
Published: October 2022

The paper aims at determining entrepreneurial development in renewable energy sector of Nepal. The study has adopted causal-comparative research design to determine the effect of population, number of households, number of systems installed on entrepreneurship development, i.e., renewable energy enterprises (REEs) in the context of Nepal. The required district level secondary data having 75 observations related to population, number of households, number of renewable energy enterprises, and number of renewable energy systems installed were collected for this study. Furthermore, the formation and analysis of properties of portfolios on population and number of households have been comprised to examine the relationship of district population and district households with various measures related renewable energy sector of Nepal. The analysis of portfolios thus formed is followed by the analysis of estimation of regression equations. The results show that entrepreneurship development, i.e., renewable energy enterprises (REEs) is positively related with market size in terms of populations and district households. This study is useful for renewable energy enterprises (REEs) and development actors to grow their own business and commercialization of the sector. The study can be extended by incorporating other sectors of renewable energy such as, biogas, micro-hydro, improved cooking stove, wind technology, and biomass sectors to find out greater insight into the results for the renewable energy sector.
Impact of Remittance on Food and Non-Food Poverty in Nepal
Authors: Tiwari Sagar
Published: October 2022

Remittances inflow plays pivotal role to generate income for developing countries like Nepal. As such, an increase of remittance flow can have a significant impact on   poverty reduction in Nepal. This study used data of Nepal Living Standard Survey (NLSS) II to examine the implication of remittances on food and nonfood poverty in Nepalese context. The research design of the study is both qualitative and quantitative by using cross sectional secondary data of Nepal Living Standard Survey (NLSS) II.  The study employed three variants of the Foster-GreerThorbecke poverty index. By using the STATA software, the study has used the Probit Model as remittance and poverty effect function to observe probability of being non poor. This study finds out that   remittance plays an important role in reducing food and nonfood poverty in all analytical domains. The study found that nonfood poverty has been experienced more than food poverty in national level. The pattern is similar in rural, urban and   geographical area.  Rural area Nepal has experienced high food and nonfood poverty in comparison to urban area. Similarly, both types of poverty level is high in mountain, than in hill whereas comparatively low in Terai.
Fund Transfer Pricing: An Empirical Evidence from Nepalese Commercial Banks
Authors: Manandhar Raju Bhai
Published: October 2022

Funds Transfer Pricing (FTP) is considered the most potent and valuable component of any profitability measurement system for financial institutions. It is a process that assigns funding costs to asset originators (loans) and funding credits to liability providers (deposits). The study's objective was to measure the awareness and collect opinions regarding FTP practice in Nepal based on a survey of the opinions of branch managers of Nepalese Commercial Banks. The study followed a descriptive research design. All branch managers of Nepalese commercial banks were considered population, of which 40 branch managers were sampled using the purposive sampling technique. The branch managers were interviewed through personal meetings and telephone using structured open-ended questions to have information regarding the attitude of practitioners on the FTP system. Data has been analyzed based on one-to-one interviews. The study reveals that only 25 branch managers were found to have enough awareness of the FTP system. Thus, further study was focused on 25 branch managers. Negative responses were found regarding the possibility of an independent negotiated FTP system among branches. In conclusion, the practice of advanced FTP systems results in higher productivity among branches, so Nepalese managers should reasonably know about the FTP system.
Pengaruh Likuiditas, Leverage, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, dan Perputaran Modal Kerja Terhadap Profitabilitas (Studi Kasus Pada Industri Consumer Goods Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020)
Authors: Syafitri Awalia , Junaeni Irawati
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh besarnya likuiditas, leverage, pertumbuhan penjualan, dan perputaran modal kerja terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor consumer goods yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2016-2020. Variabel independent yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Liabilitas, Leverage, Pertumbuhan Penjualan dan Perputaran Modal Kerja. Lalu dengan variabel dependen Profitabilitas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analisis regresi data panel dan menggunakan aplikasi Eviews 9. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa data tahunan yang diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia dan situs resmi perusahaan. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling dan mendapatkan 190 data selama periode 2016-2020 pada 38 perusahaan manufaktur sektor consumer goods yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa variabel pertumbuhan penjualan secara parsial memiliki pengaruh terhadap profitabilitas, sebaliknya variabel liabilitas, leverage dan perputaran modal kerja secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas. Secara simultan liabilitas, leverage, pertumbuhan penjualan dan perputaran modal kerja memiliki pengaruh sebesar 88.28% terdahap profitabilitas perusahaan manufaktur sektor consumer goods yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode penelitian dan sisanya 11.72% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain diluar penelitian.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Menggunakan Metode EVA dan MVA Pada PT. Electronic City Indonesia Tbk
Authors: Marginingsih Ratnawaty
Published: October 2022

Abstrak - Pengukuran kinerja keuangan perusahaan diperlukan untuk menentukan keberhasilan dalam mencapai tujuan. Kinerja suatu perusahaan dapat dilihat dari berbagai aspek, salah satunya adalah dari aspek keuangan. Economic Value Added (EVA) dan Market Value Added (MVA) merupakan suatu metode pendekatan untuk menilai kinerja keuangan perusahaan sebagai indikator adanya penciptaan nilai tambah ekonomi dari suatu investasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif Hasil penelitian menujukkan berdasarkan metode Economic ValueAdded (EVA) pada tahun 2018, 2019 dan 2020 terbilang sangat baik. Ini terlihat dari nilai EVA yang positf dimana (EVA > 0), yang artinya PT. Electronic City Indonesia Tbk berhasil mendapatkan nilai tambah ekonomis selama tiga periode. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menggunakan metode MVA (Market Value Added), Data MVA pada tahun 2018 yang dihasilkan adalah negatif dimana nilai MVA < 0. Untuk tahun 2019-2020, meskipun nilai MVA yang dicapai perusahaan menurun sebesar 32%, hasil tersebut masih menujukkan nilai yang positif dimana MVA > 0. Untuk menjaga MVA bernilai positif perusahaan perlu melakukan strategi dan inovasi untuk mempertahankan  keunggulan bisnis yang meningkatkan  nilai  perusahaannya sehingga kemakmuran  pemegang  saham  dapat dimaksimumkan
Proporsi Kebijakan Dividen Sektor Non-Keuangan
Authors: Indrati Menik , Pangestu Raden Dhava Dito
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan guna menganalisa pengaruh Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, dan Kepemilikan Institusional terhadap Kebijakan dividen. Variabel independen yang digunakan terdiri dari variabel Pertumbuhan Perusahaan diukur menggunakan Asset Growth (AG), variabel Profitabilitas diukur menggunakan Return On Equity (ROE), variabel Likuiditas yang diukur menggunakan Curren Ratio (CR), dan Kepemilikan Institusional diukur menggunakan Institutional (INST), serta satu variabel dependen yaitu Kebijakan Dividen diukur menggunakan Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR). Terdapat 61 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria dari total observasi sebanyak 104 perusahaan dengan objek penelitian paida perusahaan sektor industri non-keuangan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama tahun 2019-2020 dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengujian data yang digunakan terdiri dari analisis regiresi berganda dengan menggunakan aplikasi Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS). Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji statistik F (simultan), uji statistik T (parsial), dan uji regresi linier bergandal. Penelitian ini menunjukan hasil berupa variabel Pertumbuhan perusahaan berpengaruh negatif terhadap Kebijakan dividen, Variabel Profitabilitas berpengaruh positif terhadap Kebijakan dividen, Variabel Likuiditas berpengaruh positif terhadap Kebijakan Dividen, dan Variabel Kepemilikan Institusional berpengaruh positif terhadap Kebijakan dividen
Le Groupe de Visegrád : perspectives et dynamiques dans la crise sanitaire de la Covid-19
Authors:   University of Montreal, Belin Maxime
Published: October 2022

The great crises of the past have had the endogenous characteristic of allowing major geopolitical changes: will the Covid-19 crisis be an exception? This chapter will focus on demonstrating that, despite the uncertainty, the countries of the Visegrad group adopt two attitudes by constraint or opportunism. States are innovating in the adoption of policies while relying on geopolitical achievements to reassure themselves.
Preliminary Study on Closed-Loop Control for APS Processes
Authors: Bossoutrot C. , Braillard F. , Renault T. , Vardelle M. , Fauchais P.
Published: October 2022

The University of Limoges developed a compact sensing module that measures particle beam properties and substrate surface temperatures during plasma spraying. In this paper, the authors explain how they built and tested a closed-loop controller for APS processes using the sensing module. One of the key elements in the online control system is an empirical model that relates process inputs, in-flight particle parameters, substrate temperatures, and coating properties. The paper discusses the development and implementation of the model and the determination of the main input parameters. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
The Industrial Use of Diagnostic Technology for Plasma Spraying
Authors: Refke A. , Barbezat G. , Wernli H.
Published: October 2022

This paper provides an overview of the tools and techniques used in industry to monitor and control plasma spraying processes. It describes how the tools work and what they can reveal about spraying processes and coating properties. It also presents examples showing how the tools are used to optimize spray parameters for special applications and discusses the possibility of implementing closed loop control for plasma spraying processes. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Volumetric and Size Characterization of Void Morphologies in Thermally Sprayed Metallic Deposits using Scattering Techniques
Authors: Keller T. , Wagner W. , Ilavsky J. , Allen A.J. , Margadant N. , Siegmann S. , Barbezat G. , Pisacka J. , Enzl R.
Published: October 2022

The pore microstructure of thermal spray coatings can be described as a combination of interlamellar pores, intralamellar cracks, and volumetric globular pores. This complex pore morphology can strongly influence the properties of the deposited layer. In this paper, the authors use a multiple small-angle neutron scattering (MSANS) technique to characterize the pore system in NiCrAlY layers. It is shown that the inter-lamella system is of utmost importance. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Evaluation of Plasma Deposited Alumina-Titania Ceramic Composite Coatings
Authors: Sharma A.K. , Vijayakumar K. , Krishnamurthy R.
Published: October 2022

Plasma sprayed ceramic composites are being used in a growing number of applications despite requiring post-treatment to obtain desired properties. This paper evaluates plasma sprayed alumina-titania coatings both as-deposited and after microwave processing. In each case, the physical (porosity), mechanical (hardness and adhesive tensile strength), and functional (wear resistance) properties are measured. It is shown that the evaluation techniques can be used to determine the quality of the layers at any stage of production. The experimental procedures are briefly described and the results discussed using multiple illustrations. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Herstellung von Kleinserienwerkzeugen für die Blechumformung durch gespritzte Schichten in Schalenbauweise (Production of Sheet Metal Forming Tools for Short Production Runs by Thermal Sprayed Shells)
Authors: Aumüller B. , Schneider W. , Elsnegg K. , Krauss H. , Krömmer W.
Published: October 2022

This paper assesses the potential of thermal spraying in the context of rapid production tooling. The tooling described, which is intended for sheet metal forming, overcomes the limitations of rapid tooling techniques by leveraging the benefits of rapid prototyping and thermal spray technologies. Paper text in German.