bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estructura genética de cepas drogorresistentes de Mycobacterium tuberculosis en Perú basada en haplotipos obtenidos de un ensayo con sondas en línea
Authors: Santos-Lazaro David , Puyen Zully M. , Gavilan Ronnie G.
Published: January 2022

Objetivo. Determinar la estructura genética de las cepas drogorresistentes de Mycobacterium tuberculosis que circularon en todo el Perú durante los años 2011-2015 a través de haplotipos obtenidos de un ensayo con sondas en línea. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron 6589 muestras que ingresaron al Instituto Nacional de Salud para el diagnóstico rutinario mediante el ensayo GenoType® MTBDRplus v2, durante el periodo de estudio. Se crearon haplotipos resistentes mediante la concatenación de 21 sitios polimórficos de los genes evaluados por el ensayo con sondas en línea, y se realizó el análisis de asociación con fenotipos obtenidos por el método de proporciones agar 7H10. Resultados. Las mutaciones de mayores frecuencias fueron: rpoB S531L (55,4%) y rpoB D516V (18,5%) para la resistencia a rifampicina, y katG S315T (59,5%) e inhA c-15t (25,7%) para la resistencia a isoniacida. Se obtuvieron 13 haplotipos representativos (87,8% de muestras analizadas) de los cuales seis correspondieron al genotipo multidrogorresistente, cuatro al genotipo monorresistente a isoniacida y tres al genotipo monorresistente a rifampicina. Dieciocho departamentos, y la provincia del Callao, presentaron una alta diversidad haplotípica; cuatro presentaron moderada diversidad y dos presentaron baja diversidad. Conclusiones. Existe una alta diversidad haplotípica en la mayoría de los departamentos, además de una concentración de las cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis drogorresistentes en las ciudades de Lima y Callao. Asimismo, las cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis con perfil drogorresistente que circulan en el Perú contienen principalmente los marcadores genéticos de mayor prevalencia a nivel mundial asociados con la resistencia frente a rifampicina e isoniacida.
Tendencias en el uso de fármacos para la COVID-19 durante la primera ola de la pandemia en un hospital de Lima, Perú
Authors: Echevarria-Castro Nataly , Rojo Garcia Danitza , Torpoco Rivers Midori , Rondán-Guerrero Paola , García-Rojas Frank , Taype-Rondan Alvaro
Published: January 2022

Con el objetivo de evaluar las tendencias en el uso de fármacos en pacientes con la COVID-19 en un hospital del Perú durante la primera ola de la pandemia se realizó un estudio retrospectivo entre abril y septiembre del 2020. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de pacientes hospitalizados por neumonía por COVID-19 en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo (Lima, Perú). De un total de 3103 pacientes, se incluyeron aleatoriamente 381 historias clínicas (77,4% de sexo masculino y una mediana de edad de 44 años). Se observó un incremento del uso de cuatro fármacos (azitromicina, ivermectina, corticoides y ceftriaxona) antes de la hospitalización, así como una disminución del uso de seis fármacos (ceftriaxona, azitromicina, hidroxicloroquina, ivermectina, pulso de corticoides y anticoagulación profiláctica) y un aumento en el uso de anticoagulación plena, durante la hospitalización. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el manejo de la COVID-19 varió durante la primera ola de la pandemia, aumentando el uso de fármacos prehospitalarios y disminuyendo el uso de fármacos intrahospitalarios.
Incidencia, mortalidad y supervivencia por cáncer de endometrio en Manizales, Colombia 2003-2017
Authors: Montoya-González María C. , Arias-Ortiz Nelson E. , Arboleda-Ruiz Walter A.
Published: January 2022

Objetivo. Estimar la incidencia, mortalidad y supervivencia a cinco años por carcinoma endometrial en Manizales, para el periodo 2003-2017. Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, de base poblacional, con alcance descriptivo. Se ajustaron tasas de incidencia y mortalidad mediante el método directo usando la población mundial Segi como referencia. Se realizó seguimiento pasivo y activo de los casos hasta completar 60 meses o hasta la fecha de cierre de seguimiento. La supervivencia fue estimada mediante funciones de Kaplan- Meier y modelos de regresión de Cox. Resultados. Se observaron 210 casos incidentes en una población de 214 928 mujeres. La edad promedio al diagnóstico fue de 61 años. El tipo histológico más frecuente fue el endometrioide, bien diferenciado. La mayoría de las pacientes estaban afiliadas al régimen contributivo y pertenecían al nivel socioeconómico medio. La tasa de incidencia ajustada por edad fue de 5,7 casos nuevos por cada 100 000 mujeres-año. Se identificaron 75 defunciones con mayor mortalidad entre los 64 y los 79 años. La supervivencia global fue de 95,1% a los 12 meses y de 83,8% a los 60 meses. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la supervivencia a favor de la histología epitelial, los estadios tempranos al momento del diagnóstico y la edad al diagnóstico menor a 60 años. Conclusiones. La mortalidad es similar a la reportada en otros países de la región. En Manizales, la sobrevida al cáncer de endometrio fue mayor en pacientes con diagnóstico temprano, con edad menor de 60 años y con histología endometrioide.
COVID-19 y adultos mayores: comparación espaciotemporal entre mortalidad y vacunación en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Leveau Carlos M. , Velázquez Guillermo A.
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las variaciones espaciotemporales de la mortalidad por COVID-19 en adultos mayores y de la vacunación contra la COVID-19 en esta población. Se utilizaron datos de defunciones por COVID-19 y de personas de 70 a más años inmunizadas con la primera dosis de vacunas contra esta enfermedad, en partidos de la provincia de Buenos Aires, desde el 29 de diciembre del 2020 al 30 de junio de 2021. Se emplearon técnicas de escaneo espaciotemporal para detectar conglomerados. Los partidos del Gran Buenos Aires que tuvieron mayor vacunación con la primera dosis de la vacuna Sputnik V en población de 70 a más años, entre mediados de marzo y principios de abril de 2021, coincidieron mayormente en registrar una disminución de la mortalidad en esta población, entre finales de abril y finales de junio de 2021. Este estudio mostró algunos indicios del impacto positivo de la aplicación de la primera dosis de la vacuna Sputnik V en el Gran Buenos Aires.
New roles and competencies of teachers in the ICT-mediated learning environment of Russian universities
Authors: Ainoutdinova I. N. , Tregubova T. M. , Ng J. , Kopnov V. A.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The research considers organisational and functional changes in the learning environment of Russian universities mediated by the spread of ICTs in education. ICTs affect the structure and content of curriculum and the relationship of participants in the educational process, which actualises the need to revise a place, roles, knowledge and competencies of humanities teachers. External and internal factors induce teachers to change approaches, methods and teaching technologies in accordance with the social request for high quality training of future professionals in the ICT-mediated realities and improve their ICT proficiency to meet the demands of the day. The best model of ICT-mediated learning environment will function on the basis of technologisation, interdisciplinarity, practice orientation, student focus and multicultural diversity.Aim. The purpose of this study was to identify, analyse and assess the determining factors that accompany, actualise and influence the process of transformation of the place, roles, skills and competencies of teachers in the ICT-mediated learning environment of universities in Russia.Methodology and research methods. The study was conducted within a framework of social, pedagogical, integrative, contextual, competency-based and comparative approaches, covering all aspects of academic activities of teachers and students in the ICT-mediated learning environment. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used to collect and analyse the relevant data. Analysis, synthesis and comparison were used to study and summarise scientific information; observations, questionnaires and survey were carried out within the experimental section, followed by a subsequent statistical analysis. A holistic approach allowed to create a classification of the ICT-based roles and skills of teachers and to develop the authors’ scale of gradation of ICT proficiency.Results. The conceptual apparatus is concretised; conditions for the ICTs inclusion in education are defined; the authors’ classification of the roles, skills and competencies of teachers for ICT-based professional activity, growth and development is given; the authors’ diagnostic scale (toolkit) for rating and grading humanities teachers’ level of ICT proficiency is designed and presented.Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the definition and description of the systemic integrity of educational content based on knowledge and technology, the appropriate conditions for integration of ICT in the curriculum, the level of teachers’ ICT proficiency sufficient for the learning needs of their students and the expected learning outcomes.Practical significance. The authors’ classification of the roles, skills and competencies and the diagnostic scale (toolkit) for rating and grading the level of ICT-proficiency can be used in refresher courses for humanities teachers for their professional training, growth and development.
Review on urban water & sanitation on three topics: subsidy incidence, price elasticities, and relations to health: framework and research paths for future studies
Authors: Cárdenas Helena
Published: January 2022

This document presents a review of the literature on three pressing policy issues that currently are of relevance to regulators and utility companies in the water and sanitation sector: i) subsidy incidence, ii) responses to pricing policies, and iii) relations to health.
Computational Analysis of Conventional and Helical Finned Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Using ANSYS-CFD
Authors: Pasupuleti Ravindra Kumar , Bedhapudi Manindra , Jonnala Subba Reddy , Kandimalla Appa Rao
Published: January 2022

The summary of the proposed work is to compare the rate of heat transfer, logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) and effectiveness (ε) for a conventional shell and tube heat exchanger with and without helical finned surfaces on tube side of heat exchanger. It is shown that the inlet velocity of cold fluid at the tube side varies, while the inlet velocity of hot fluid at the shell side remains constant. The percentage variations of heat transfer rates with theoretical and simulation methods are compared. The geometry is modelled in ANSYS design modeler and analysis have been carried out in ANSYS-CFD. The inlet velocity of shell side hot fluid is varied in both types of heat exchangers. The proposed work is tested for two configurations of counter flow heat exchanger (conventional and helical finned surfaces) under different shell side inlet velocities of fluids. Helical finned tube heat exchanger with counter flow has a higher LMTD than a conventional counter flow heat exchanger. Variation in heat transfer rates and heat transfer coefficients were observed in heat exchanger influenced by shell side hot fluid velocity. The study shows that helical finned tube surfaces have improved heat transfer rates, LMTD, effectiveness (ε) and overall heat transfer coefficients compared to the conventional heat exchangers.
Frictional Wear Detection of Hard Alloy Tool Material During High-Speed Cutting
Authors: Gao Haining , Shen Hongdan , Yu Lei , Wang Yinling , Yang Yong , Yan Shouchen , Hu Yingjie
Published: January 2022

During high-speed cutting, the tool quality is threatened by a high cutting temperature, and severe wear. Traditionally, these threats are handled by tool replacement, which pushes up the economic cost of production and manufacturing. This paper explores the frictional wear detection of hard alloy tool material during high-speed cutting. Based on the theory of wave motion, the wear process of hard alloy tool material during high-speed cutting was modelled mathematically, and the wear mechanism was analyzed. To reduce the interference of weakly important features, the authors presented a method to analyze the feature importance and an approach to identify the frictional wear of tools, under the high-dimensional small dataset about the monitoring signals of tool material wear. Through experiments, the proposed algorithm was proved feasible in identifying the wear of hard alloy tool material during high-speed cutting. The research provides a theoretical guide for improving the production techniques for cutting of hard alloy material.
A Low Cost Intelligent Fuzzy-Controlled Multipass-Multibaffle Dry-Air Sterilizer Device for Small-Sized Surgical Instruments
Authors: Ige Ebenezer O. , Bodunde Ojo P. , Akinola Solomon O. , Dike Anthony E. , Anuoluwa Iyadunni A. , Ige Ifeoluwatayo A. , Esoso Agbo
Published: January 2022

A major constraint in hospitals and clinics in the interior villages of low resource countries is the access to stable power supply. Decontamination of reusable metal-based surgical tools is an energy-intensive process, the power required for this procedure may not be accessible in many health centres in low resource countries. Hence, decontamination device with low-energy requirements could immensely benefit village clinical settings. The developed sterilizer utilizes a Fresnel lens in a multi-baffle multi-pass chamber to amplify radiation intensity. An intelligent scheme of air passage was achieved using Fuzzy logic control to ensure control of pressure and temperature regime thermal transport within the chamber. The Fuzzy logic controller program was designed on Matlab's fuzzy logic toolbox and simulated with Simulink to evaluate its accuracy. The performance evaluation of the device showed that at an ambient temperature of 27℃ and a solar radiation intensity of 1362 W/m2, the sterilizer was able to sterilize at a temperature of 169.69℃ which is within the range for efficient dry heat sterilization to take place (140℃-170℃). This work has demonstrated that fuzzy logic controlled dry air sterilizer could achieve temperature ~ 150℃ within the heater chamber which may be suitable for sterilizing used surgical equipment.
Heat Flow Field Analysis on Cooling System of Electrical Control Switch Cabinet
Authors: Ding Guangwen , Sun Xiangyun , Xu Lihua
Published: January 2022

The failure rate of distribution system at all levels can be reduced effectively by exploring the change law of temperature rise of electrical control switch cabinet (ECSC), and optimizing the design concept of the cooling system. These efforts can significantly promote the coordinated development of grids at all levels. However, the existing studies rarely discuss the temperature rise law under external factors or non-rated conditions. The factors affecting temperature rise have not been fully considered, not to mention the correlations between these factors. Likewise, few scholars have tried to optimize the design of the cooling system. Therefore, this paper carries out a heat flow field analysis on the cooling system of ECSC. Firstly, the design idea of ECSC cooling system was explained, and the design steps of ECSC cooling were presented. Secondly, a mathematical model was established for the motion of ECSC thermal fluid, based on the laws of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. Thirdly, a turbulence model and a porous media model were constructed for ECSC heat flow field analysis, after fully considering multiple factors: the compressibility of the fluid, the construction of a special yet feasible problem, the precision requirement, the computing capacity, and the time limit. Finally, the uniformity of the flow field was measured by parameters like mean speed, coefficient of speed fluctuation, and cloud map of speed, the results of ECSC heat flow field analysis were obtained, and useful suggestions were provided for structural optimization.
Analysis of Longitudinal Finned Pipes in Cross-Flow Heat Exchanger
Authors: Wijayanto Danar Susilo , Soenarto  , Triyono Mochamad Bruri , Prasetyo Wuri , Widiastuti Indah
Published: January 2022

In this case, the recovery of excess heat in the steel-making process becomes challenging to save energy effectively and efficiently. One way to help the process of heat recovery in the steel-making process is with a heat exchanger. This heat exchanger maximizes the production process work. However, in the application, the heat exchanger developed to date can still work optimally. Based on the literature study that has been done previously for the design of the heat exchanger, in this study, the addition of four longitudinal fins variations with the cross-flow flow was carried out. This research compares the heat exchanger performance finned pipes with pipes without fins design, where liquid and airflow rates are varied. This study evaluated whether the longitudinal fins configuration and the fluid flow rate affect the cross-flow heat exchanger performance. The results show that fins addition on the copper pipes increases the value of Nusselt number 2.56% in liquid fluid and 16.57% in air fluid and increases the NTU value of its effectiveness by 24.77%.
2D/3D RANS and LES Calculations of Natural Convection in a Laterally-Heated Cylindrical Enclosure Using Boussinesq and Temperature-Dependent Formulations
Authors: Enayati Hooman , Braun Minel J.
Published: January 2022

This article presents an investigation of fluid flow and natural convection heat transfer in a cylindrical enclosure heated laterally. Two-dimensional (2D) Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and three-dimensional (3D) Large Eddy Simulation (LES) calculations are conducted using commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, ANSYS FLUENT. The Rayleigh number (Ra) = 2E+7 is constant in all of the simulations and is based on a length scale that is equal to the ratio of volume to the lateral area of the reactor, i.e., R/2, where R is the radius of the reactor. The validity of the Boussinesq approximation is analyzed by comparing calculations using both the Boussinesq approximation and temperature-dependent properties (non-Boussinesq approach) using 2D RANS and 3D LES (Dynamic Smagorinsky) formulations. Moreover, 2D axisymmetric k-ω SST RANS model will be implemented to investigate whether the 2D axisymmetric model can give results that are comparable to those of the 3D LES (Dynamic Smagorinsky) model when the corresponding longitudinal or azimuthal cross section are compared. In other words, the validity of using a 2D model instead of a 3D model for the current geometry, flow regime and thermal boundary conditions will be discussed. The flow and temperature contours of these two types of simulations are analyzed, compared to determine the various aspects of each case and discussed for deeper physical insight.
Study of Thermal Characteristics Augmentation of the Aluminium Oxide Nano Fluid with Different Base Fluids
Authors: Rudrabhiramu Rokkala , Kupireddi Kiran Kumar , Rao Kuchibotla Mallikarjuna
Published: January 2022

Nanofluids have been widely studied over the past decade due to their extremely promising findings in terms of thermal transfer improvement techniques. These fluids have a number of potential benefits, including enhanced thermal resistance and heat transfer characteristics. The current study examines the numerical behavior of the square cavity loaded with a nanofluid for thermal enhancement under three different base fluid conditions (water, water-EG mixture, and EG). This square cavity edge is maintained at a length of 8 cm. Side edges are kept at constant high and low-temperature conditions, and bottom sides are insulated. Additionally, it is found that when the base fluid's composition changes between EG to water, heat transmission is increased. The (hnfhbf/) ratio improves when the percent vol density of Al2O3 nanoparticle increases, and an increase of up to 4.5 percent is possible. Consequently, the paper concluded that the use of nanofluids aids in heat transfer enhancement.
Substantiation of Opencast Mining Technology of Deposits of Non-ferrous Metal Ores in the Light of Global Trends to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Zenkov I.V. , Le Hung Trinh , Vokin V.N. , Kirushina E.V. , Latyntsev A.A. , Kondrashov P.M. , Pavlova P.L. , Konov V.N. , Lunev A.S. , Skornyakova S.N. , Maglinets Yu.A. , Raevich K.V.
Published: January 2022

There has been presented a brief description of deposits of non-ferrous metal ores and opencast mining technologies based on remote sensing data of the Earth from space. Conventional configurations of mining and conveyor equipment for promising shaft developments in polymetals have been simulated. As part of the 3D modeling of opencast mining, technological designs' developments for reducing hazardous substances emission of haul trucks have been substantiated. It has been proposed to include green sources of electric power supply in mining enterprises energy systems.
Energy and Eco-efficiency Assessment of Diesel-powered Locomotives with Added Hydrogen
Authors: Asabin V.V. , Balakin A.Y. , Kurmanova L.S. , Petukhov S.A. , Erzamaev M.P. , Mishkin A.A. , Emelyanichev K.B. , Karpenko M.Y.
Published: January 2022

Improvement of energy and eco-efficiency of diesel locomotives by using mixed fuel, in particular, diesel fue with added hydrogen, has been addressed. The mechanism of main chemical reactions of fuel ignition with added of hydrogen has been studied. Experimental development test results to assess the energy and eco-efficiency of the diesel-locomotive shunter ChME-3 performance with added hydrogen in all modes on load tests.
Biogenerator for a Cocoa Farm
Authors: Sales Jorge Henrique de Oliveira , Brito Rafaela Cristina Ferreira
Published: January 2022

Biomass presents itself as a technological solution with great potential for generating energy. In this context, this work aims to develop the analysis of a rural biodigester for the production of electric energy in a cocoa farm, proposing a Marine-type model as a study reference and its production of biogas as a source of electric energy. The energy feasibility verification parameters are analyzed in relation to the energy generation system, considering a biogas load of 163 m3 per day. The technical potential for generating electricity for the chosen system suggests the supply of electricity demand with a large margin for the energy autonomy of the property.
Formação continuada de professores em educação ambiental crítica: uma análise das perspectivas e limites de um projeto de extensão
Authors: Kaplan Leonardo , Vidal Kelly Azevedo , Dawidman Larissa do Nascimento , De Santana Larissa Hagler
Published: January 2022

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar, no contexto de um projeto de extensão em educação ambiental (EA) com professores de escolas públicas, suas concepções sobre a integração entre universidade e escola, suas compreensões sobre as macrotendências no campo da EA, bem como refletir sobre as perspectivas e limites do projeto. O referencial teórico-metodológico é o materialismo histórico-dialético com aportes da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica e da vertente marxista da EA Crítica. Os dados foram coletados ​​por meio de relatos orais, entrevistas semiestruturadas e observações durante as oficinas do projeto de extensão. Verificou-se que alguns professores tiveram dificuldade em compreender as três macrotendências como perspectivas teórico-práticas distintas, abraçando um ecletismo. Percebeu-se que a precarização do trabalho docente traz limitações às práticas pedagógicas, mas as ações extensionistas fortaleceram a autonomia docente para desenvolver atividades com base na EA Critica.
Dietary patterns and nutrient intakes of a South African population and asymptomatic people infected with human immunodeficiency virus: The transition health and urbanisation in South Africa (THUSA) study.
Authors:   Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology,Ghana, Annan RA , Jackson AA ,   Southampton University NHS Trust, UK, Margetts BM ,   University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, Vorster H ,   North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Published: January 2022

There is increased emphasis on the quality of food and the overall pattern of micronutrient intake as an integral consideration for food security particularly among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). However, limited data exist on food consumption and nutrient intakes for populations in sub-Saharan Africa. The study examined dietary patterns and their relationship with nutrient intakes in HIV uninfected (HIV-) and infected (HIV+) adults in North-West Province, South Africa. In this cross-sectional study, dietary and nutrient intakes were assessed with Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (QFFQ) and FoodFinder software, respectively. Dietary patterns were determined using Principal Component Analysis. Participants’ scores for the dietary patterns were related to nutrient intakes using Spearman Rank correlation and Generalised Linear Modelling (GENLIN). Four main dietary patterns were found in each population. The first three patterns were similar between the HIV- and HIV+ populations: “animal-based”, associated with intake of foods of animal origin; “recommended” associated with a varied diet; and “staple-based”. The fourth pattern was described as either ‘eggs-and-breakfast-cereals’ for the HIV- group or ‘legumesand-vegetables’ for HIV+ group. Scores for animal-based pattern showed strongest correlations(r) with nutrient intakes for both populations, notably zinc (r=0.54), calcium (r=0.5), potassium (r=0.54), vitamin A (r=0.5), and vitamin C (r=0.5), (p<0.001 for all). In the HIV+ group, the legumes-and-vegetables pattern was strongly associated with energy (r=0.64), vitamins D (r=0.51), E (0.51) and B1 (r=0.55) (p<0.001 for all). Compared with the other patterns, the Staple-based and the recommended patterns showed the weakest associations with nutrient intakes. Generalised Linear Modelling confirmed stronger positive linear associations between scores of the animal-based diet and nutrients intake, compared with the other patterns. The findings suggest that the animal-based pattern was strongly associated with nutrients intake in both HIV + and HIV- populations. This raises the need for studies into dietary recommendations for promoting nutritional wellbeing for PLWHA in sub-Saharan Africa.
Chemical quality of common beans as influenced by genotype and aluminium rates under two soil liming regimes
Authors:   Wollega University, Ethiopia, Hirpa L , Nigussie-Dechassa R ,   Haramaya University, Ethiopia, Setegn G ,   International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Zambia, Bultosa G ,   Botswana College of Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana
Published: January 2022

Soil acidity affects seed yield and crop quality negatively due to aluminium toxicity in most humid tropics where the crop is cultivated for food and cash income by smallholder farmers. This study was conducted to assess the effect of different exchangeable aluminium concentrations on bean chemical quality of two common bean genotypes grown on lime-treated and lime-untreated soils. Factorial combinations of five aluminium rates (0.0, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0, and 100.0 mg Al/ kg soil) and two common bean genotypes (New BILFA 58 and Roba 1) were laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications. For each treatment, four plants were raised per pot in the vegetation hall of Nekemte Soil Laboratory, western Ethiopia. The experiment was established in two sets: lime-treated soil and lime-untreated soil. The results revealed that aluminium toxicity caused major changes in the composition of the common beans. Significant differences (P < 0.01) were found among the different aluminium rates and between the two genotypes for bean crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat, and ash, carbohydrate, calcium, magnesium, and aluminium contents under both liming regimes. The interaction of aluminium and genotype also influenced most of the bean chemical quality attributes negatively. New BILFA 58 (acidic soil tolerant genotype) had better bean chemical quality attributes (except aluminium and condensed tannins contents) than Roba 1 (acidic soil sensitive genotype) under both liming regimes. On the average, lime application increased bean crude protein, crude fat, ash, and calcium contents by 4.1%, 20.7%, 7.9%, and 11.7%, respectively. However, it decreased bean crude fibre and aluminium contents. Bean carbohydrate and condensed tannin contents of the genotypes increased in response to increasing aluminium application under both liming regimes. The total ash, which is an indirect indicator of the mineral content of foodstuffs, was found to be higher for New BILFA 58 than Roba 1 under both liming regimes. In conclusion, the results of this study have demonstrated that increased soil aluminium contents have significant negative effects on common bean quality, but integrated use of tolerant genotypes and application of lime can simultaneously alleviate the problem of low yield and reduced bean nutritional quality of the crop.
Dietary habits of a Mediterranean population of women in an agricultural region of Morocco
Authors:   Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco, Mziwira M , El ayachi M , Belahsen R , Lairon D ,   INSERM, UMR476, «Nutriments Lipidiques et Prévention des Maladies Métaboliques»; INRA 1260; Univ Aix-Marseille 1 & 2, Faculté de Médecine, IPHMIFR 125, Marseille, F-13385 France
Published: January 2022

Knowing food habits of populations is of importance to better define appropriate public health interventions. The objective of this study was to assess and describe the dietary intake and major food sources of energy and nutrients in a women sample selected from an agricultural region of Morocco. A total of 191 adult women 18–55 years old resident in urban areas in El Jadida, a costal province of Moroccowas selected. Dietary habits were assessed using a combination of a 24-h dietary recall during 3 non consecutive days and a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Food habits are characterized by large consumption of cereals, meat and poultry, fish and sea foods, eggs, fruits and vegetables, but low intake of olive oil. The total energy intake was high and not balanced by physical activity levels.The contribution of lipids to the energy was low but high in saturated fat (39 %) reflected in the higher PUFA/SFA ratio (0.76 ± 0.62). The total carbohydrate consumption was high (61 % of daily energy) and that of fiber was low 18.07 ± 11.44 g. Furthermore a significantly high intake of saturated and monounsaturated fat is observed in the youngest women and women with a higher education level. Except for the intakes of phosphorus and sodium, all minerals and vitamins assessed are below or close to the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) while all vitamins are consumed at rates below two-third of RDA by a large proportion of women. The nutrient intake of the studied population is not in line with that recommended for women despite a large consumption of the majority of food groups. Data indicate that dietary guidelines should not consider only quantitative intake but must address adequate numbers of servings and favorable food choices that may explain, in part, the nutritional and metabolic disorders reported in this population.
Concepts and Concept Formation: Goffman and Beyond
Authors: Scheff Thomas J.
Published: January 2022

The social and behavioral sciences need distinctive concepts to escape entrapment in cultural assumptions. Currently there are several sources for concepts, but vernacular words are most frequently used. These words are usually ambiguous and may reaffirm the status quo. This essay proposes that a new approach is implied in Goffman’s work. Most of the new terms he invented went undefined. However, he can be seen as struggling in much of his writing to develop two basic components of the “looking-glass self,” awareness structures and embarrassment. His method seems to have involved using many vernacular cognates and close examination of detailed examples of each concept. The implication is that it might be possible to ground concepts by 1. Listing and examining links to vernacular and technical cognates, and 2. Closely exploring many concrete examples. A study of one type of awareness structure, collective denial (Zerubavel 2006), can also be used to illustrate the potential of this method.
Career Coupling: Career Making in the Elite World of Musicians and Scientists
Authors: Wagner Izabela
Published: January 2022

This article analyzes the interaction between the careers of people working in artistic and intellectual worlds. Two ethnographic studies constitute the basis for the analysis of career building in connection with the careers of other actors. The concept of career coupling represents the process by which professional success is achieved through the forging of relationships between novice and elite actors. Career coupling in the social world of virtuoso musicians is compared to that of career coupling in the social world of elite scientists. It was found that both groups achieve status in a similar fashion by moving through a three-stage process: (1) matching; (2) active collaboration; and, (3) passive collaboration. It is argued that the analysis of career coupling developed here can also be transferred to other professional fields.
Community, Frame of Reference, and Boundary: Three Sociological Concepts and their Relevance for Virtual Worlds Research
Authors: Williams J. Patrick Williams
Published: January 2022

Virtual-worlds research is a dynamic and growing interdisciplinary area in the social sciences and humanities. Sociological theory can play an important role in how virtual worlds are conceptualized and studied. Drawing on data from ethnographic projects on two distinct types of virtual worlds, an asynchronous text-based internet forum and a massively-multiplayer online game, I consider what social and cultural similarities these two types of virtual worlds have with one another, despite their radically different forms and functions. My comparative analysis is framed in terms of three questions. First, are virtual worlds temporary and/or intentional communities? Second, what are the frames of reference through which virtual-world communities are built? Third, how do boundaries function in virtual worlds? My discussion suggests some of the common social and cultural features of virtual worlds.
Expressing and Examining Morality in Everyday Life: Social Comparisons among Swedish Parents of Deaf Children
Authors: Åkerström Malin , Jacobsson Katarina
Published: January 2022

Social comparisons, seeing oneself in relation to others, are universal, common, and perhaps even necessary. In a study of parents of deaf children, intense, open, and mutual examinations were voiced in parental groups, meetings between parents and professionals, and interviews. These comparisons were generated in a specific situation created by successful claims for separate milieus advocated by the Deaf movement. The local culture, “the deaf world,” was characterized by close proximity and a highly charged ideological moral climate. With the central argument that strong integration breeds comparisons and examinations, we conclude that the integration of parents creates a situation perfect for drawing comparisons, creating not only cohesion, but also renewed separatist distinctions, expressed in terms of moral examinations, competition and envy. Studying the content and details of comparisons in any given field makes the particular morality that is bred, fed, and elaborated obvious.
La prueba ilícita. Una cuestión de concepto
Authors: Calderón Arias Emma
Published: January 2022

La prueba ilícita es una institución que se viene tratando desde finales del siglo XIX. La terminología utilizada para su estudio es variada, pero los rasgos de esta institución son comunes a pesar del ordenamiento jurídico en el que se esté aplicando. Por lo general, se define como prueba que resulta de la vulneración de normas jurídicas o, dentro de estas, derechos fundamentales. Sin embargo, en el presente artículo, parto de la posición que entiende la prueba ilícita como resultado de la vulneración de normas del ordenamiento en general. Lo que sucede es que suele abordarse de manera lineal, faltando aun por profundizar en cuestiones específicas de su propio concepto. Ello responde a una especie de inercia y a estudios conjuntos que se muestran en la doctrina cuando se habla sobre la materia. De modo que, se observa la necesidad de realizar una labor de análisis conceptual de la prueba ilícita, incluyendo pautas que desde lo teórico y jurisprudencial que pueden ayudar a enriquecer dichos estudios.
Flying the Rainbow Flag at the United Nations
Authors: Sanders Douglas
Published: January 2022

Issues of sexual orientation and gender identity were raised in two of the United Nations intergovernmental world conferences on women, 1985 and 1995, and in the Vienna world conference on human rights in 1993.  From 2006 a number of LGBTI Non-Governmental Organizations gained ongoing ‘consultative status’ from the Economic and Social Council allowing access to regular UN human rights events.   Leading human rights NGOs, such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch began to address LGBTI issues.  The Human Rights Council condemned violence and discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity in 2011 and later authorized an independent expert, whose mandate was renewed for a second term.  The UNDP “Being LGBT in Asia” program has been active in eight Asian states, including five in ASEAN: Cambodia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.  Strong support came from Ban Ki-moon as UN Secretary-General, as well as from the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and other agencies.
Trapped Lung from Calcified Fibrothorax
Authors: Barosa Mariana , Trindade Miguel , Marques Ricardo
Published: January 2022

N/a.
Educación virtual en imagenología aplicada a la terapia: ¿barrera u oportunidad de mejora?
Authors: Meza Salas Walter J. , Escobar Galindo Carlos M.
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Determinar si hubo diferencia en las calificaciones del curso de imagenología aplicada a la terapia en la modalidad de educación virtual y presencial en estudiantes de pregrado de una universidad en Lima. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo correlacional. Se comparó dos grupos de estudiantes uno que cursaba la asignatura en modalidad virtual y otro en modalidad presencial del curso de imagenología aplicada a la terapia y se determinó la diferencia entre ellos . Se aplicó estadísticas de diferencias de medias ( T student) y pruebas de normalidad (K-S). Resultados: La muestra estuvo conformada por 64 estudiantes con edad promedio de 21 (1,5) años y con predominancia de mujeres (81,25%). De los cuales 42,2% desarrollaron el curso en la modalidad presencial durante el año 2019 y 57,8% de forma virtual en el año 2020. Se demostró que existe una diferencia significativa de las calificaciones de evaluación conceptual (p<0,01), imagenológica (p<0,01), tarea académica(p<0,01) y final (p<0,01). Además,se evidencio una diferencia significativa de la calificación final en estudiantes del sexo femenino(p<0,05). Las calificaciones y la edad no estuvieron asociadas en ninguna modalidad de estudios (p>0,05). Conclusiones: se evidencia diferencia significativa de las calificaciones del curso de imagenología aplicada a la terapia entre las modalidades descritas , siendo mayor en la modalidad virtual .
Controlling bleeding during uniportal thoracoscopic major pulmonary resection
Authors: Igai Hitoshi , Kamiyoshihara Mitsuhiro , Matsuura Natsumi , Ohsawa Fumi , Numajiri Kazuki
Published: January 2022

Aim: In uniportal thoracoscopic major pulmonary resection, it is important to appropriately manage significant vessel injury, to ensure patient safety and minimize conversion to thoracotomy. We analyzed cases of significant vessel injury and investigated efficacy of an algorithm to manage bleeding during thoracoscopic uniportal major pulmonary resection. Methods: A total of 169 patients underwent “uniportal thoracoscopic major pulmonary resection” (lobectomy or segmentectomy) at our department between February 2019 and April 2021. These patients were classified into groups with (group A, n = 8) and without (group B, n = 161) intraoperative massive bleeding. Patient characteristics and perioperative results were compared between the two groups. Patients with significant vessel injury and conversion to thoracotomy were analyzed in detail. Results: Group B had significantly less blood loss (A: 197 ± 173 g; B: 42 ± 74 g, P < 0.0001) and shorter-duration postoperative drainage (A: 2.6 ± 1.8 days; B: 1.6 ± 1.3 days, P = 0.036). There were no group differences in any other factors. The most frequently injured vessel in group A was the pulmonary artery (75%). Emergent conversion was required in four cases (cases 7, 76, 128, and 133; 2.4%) due to intraoperative bleeding. No patient developed catastrophic bleeding or required an intraoperative transfusion. Conclusion: We managed significant vessel injury appropriately during uniportal thoracoscopic major pulmonary resection using the troubleshooting algorithm. The algorithm for the uniportal approach was considered effective and easy to apply even by less-experienced surgeons.
PURWARUPA PENYIRAMAN OTOMATIS DENGAN ARSITEKTUR MQTT DAN LOGIKA FUZZY SUGENO UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEEFEKTIFAN MANAJEMEN PENYIRAMAN TANAMAN (STUDI KASUS : ITERA)
Authors: Muhamad Arwin Wijaya  , Hanifah Raidah , Manullang Martin Clinton Tosima
Published: January 2022

ITERA merupakan kampus dengan slogan smart, friendly and forest campus. Kampus hijau (forest campus) dapat diwujudkan dengan melakukan penyiraman secara rutin pada tanaman. Ketika penyiraman tanaman tersebut tidak mencukupi maka tanaman akan layu dan mati, namun air yang berlebihan juga menyebabkan tanaman tidak dapat tumbuh karena terjadi pembusukan pada akar tanaman. Sistem penyiraman otomatis yang dapat memantau kondisi lingkungan tanaman dengan menggunakan protokol MQTT dapat dirancang sebagai sistem yang dapat memantau kondisi lingkungan tanaman secara jarak jauh dan waktu nyata. Sistem ini dibuat menggunakan sensor DHT11 yang berfungsi untuk membaca suhu dan juga sensor YL-69 yang berfungsi untuk membaca kelembaban tanah. DHT11 membaca suhu dengan nilai antara 0 – 50 C dengan rata-rata nilai error 2.22 %. Semakin tinggi nilai output sensor suhu maka suhu akan semakin panas, apabila nilai output sensor suhu semakin rendah maka suhu akan semakin dingin. Untuk sensor YL-69 dapat membaca nilai dari kelembaban tanah yang memiliki rentang antara 0 – 1023 dengan rata-rata nilai error 11.09%. Semakin tinggi nilai output sensor kelem- bapan tanah maka kondisi tanah akan semakin kering, apabila nilai output sensor kelembaban tanah semakin rendah maka kondisi tanah semakin lembap. Sensor tersebut dikirim menuju server oleh mikrokontroler ESP32s. Pengiriman data menggunakan modul Wi-Fi ke server Node-RED. Data dari hasil pembacaan sensor diolah dengan metode fuzzy logic Sugeno untuk mendapatkan keluaran jenis penyiraman memiliki nilai rata-rata error 0.573728 %, semua data pada server ditampilkan pada web server dashboard Node-RED dalam bentuk teks, grafik dan juga kondisi waktu nyata.
PERANCANGAN MODEL SIMULASI SISTEM PENDETEKSI KEBOCORAN GAS DAN KEBAKARAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
Authors: Hidayat Rahmad , Herdiana Yudi
Published: January 2022

Era revolusi industri 4.0 telah menghadirkan banyak percepatan terhadap perkembangan teknologi sehingga menjadi lebih mudah, cepat, dan praktis. Salah satu penerapan teknologi tersebut salah satunya dibidang pendidikan, berupa perancangan model simulasi alat pendeteksi kebocoran gas dan kebakaran sebagai media pendukung pembelajaran menggunakan modul mikrokontroler serta mengintegrasikannya ke dalam saluran komunikasi data internet agar siswa dapat melakukan pengujian dan pemantauan secara real time melalui perangkat mobile. Perancangan model simulasi ini menggunakan modul ESP8266, sensor DHT-11, dan sensor MQ-135. Untuk layanan cloud computing menggunakan database serta aplikasi Thingspeak. Metode yang digunakan pada perancangan ini berupa metode eksperimental. Metode ini banyak digunakan dalam perancangan sebuah sistem karena dapat menguji secara benar hipotesis yang menyangkut hubungan kasual. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, sistem yang dibangun dapat berfungsi secara baik serta memberikan informasi mengenai nilai kondisi yang sedang diujikan. Siswa dapat memantau kondisi pengujian secara real time melalui aplikasi Thingspeak yang dipasangkan pada perangkat mobile.
CUSTOM CRC DAN MANAJEMEN KOMUNIKASI PENGIRIMAN DAN PENERIMAAN DATA PADA ARSITEKTUR DELAY TOLERANT NETWORK
Authors: Griffani Megiyanto R  , Slameta  , Muhamad Rizki
Published: January 2022

Proses pertukaran pada saat ini banyak yang menggunakan media jaringan internet beriringan dengan berkembangnya teknologi IoT. Untuk mendukung teknologi tersebut dibutuhkan jaringan internet yang memadai di setiap kondisi tempat, terutama pada tempat yang masih rentan terjadi putus koneksi seperti pada area terbuka perkebunan. Masalah tersebut dapat diatasi dengan mengaplikasikan arsitektur Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) dengan konfigurasi protokol User Datagram Pro-tocol (UDP) yang memiliki keunggulan dalam kecepatan tranmsisi pengiriman data, namun memiliki kelemahan belum dilengkapi dengan sistem cek error dan memiliki batas pengiriman hanya untuk file berukuran dibawah 64KB. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat sistem komunikasi pengiriman UDP pada arsitektur DTN dengan fitur cek error CRC dan dapat mengirimkan file lebih dari 64 KB dengan merealisasikannya pada perangkat keras dua buah raspberry pi 3 dan perangkat lunak yang digunakan adalah VNC, aplikasi IBR-DTN, dan bahasa pemrograman python. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengirimkan gambar format PNG dengan ukuran 62,5 KB dan 350 KB baik pada saat kondisi jaringan stabil maupun putus koneksi dengan hasil gambar yang diterima utuh yang menunjukkan sistem secara fungsionalitas berhasil dibuat.
IDENTIFIKASI MALWARE ANDROID MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN ANALISIS HIBRID DENGAN DEEP LEARNING
Authors: Hadiprakoso Raden Budiarto , Qomariasih Nurul , Yasa Ray Novita
Published: January 2022

Android merupakan sistem operasi mobile yang paling populer digunakan saat ini. Bagaimana pun dibalik kepopuleran ini muncul ancaman penyebaran malware pada platform Android. Pada pertengan tahun 2021 peneliti keamanan dari Quick Heal Security Labs mendeteksi setidaknya ada delapan aplikasi di Google Play Store yang disusupi oleh malware Joker. Malware ini dapat secara sembunyi-sembunyi membuat ponsel korbannya berlangganan dan membayar konten premium tanpa sepengetahuan korban. Untuk itu, deteksi malware Android ini sangat penting untuk menjaga keamanan dan privasi pengguna. Bagaimana pun karena proses identifikasi malware yang semakin rumit, maka perlu digunakan pendekatan deep learning untuk klasifikasi malware. Makalah ini menggabungkan fitur analisis statis dan dinamis dari aplikasi malware dan aplikasi bukan malware. Fitur dinamis diambil dari panggilan API pada aplikasi sedangkan fitur statis didapatkan melalui permission, system call dan intent. Model deep learning dengan arsitektur LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) dikembangkan untuk mengidentifikasi malware. Hasil pengujian pada data uji menunjukkan model yang dikembangkan memiliki akurasi 98,7%, recall 97,9% dan presisi 99,6% serta skor F1 98,7%.