bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tiroid bezinde Langerhans hücreli histiyositoz
Authors: ÖZGÜVEN Müveddet Banu , ÖZAKKOYUNLU HASÇİÇEK Seyhan , USLU COŞKUN Berna , POLAT Nedim , KABUKÇUOĞLU Fevziye
Published: May 2018

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Hemiplejik omuzun EMG biofeedback kullanılarak yeniden eğitimi
Authors: DENİZ Volkan , SARPEL Tunay , GÜRSOY Savaş
Published: May 2018

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı, EMG biofeedback’in hemiplejik omuzun yeniden eğitimi üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 30 hasta alındı. Hastaların tutulan tarafında yer alan üst trapezius kasına, omuz hareketleri sırasında, relaksasyon sağlamak amacıyla 10 seans EMG biofeedback  eğitimi verildi.  Hastaların, tedavi öncesi ve sonrasında; üst trapezius kasının myoelektrik aktivitesi ile tonusu, deltoideus kasının ise sadece tonusu ölçüldü. Omuzdaki fonksiyonel iyileşmeyi değerlendirmek için Manuel Fonksiyon Testi kullanıldı.Bulgular: Tedavi sonunda üst trapezius kasının tonusunda  ve myoelektrik aktivitesinde  azalma, deltoideus kasının tonusunda ise artma olduğu görüldü. MFT sonuçlarına göre, tedavi sonunda omuz fonksiyonelliğinde yüzdece anlamlı bir iyileşme olduğu tespit edildi. El fonksiyonlarında ise herhangi bir iyileşme olmadı.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda EMG biofeedback eğitiminin, hemiplejik hastalarda omuz fonksiyonlarının iyileştirilmesi üzerine etkili olduğu görüldü. Hemiplejik hastalarda, EMG biofeedback ile yapılan omuz egzersizlerinin kliniklerde kullanılmasıyla tedavide olumlu sonuçlar alınabileceği sonucuna varıldı.
Acute-on-chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: Durukan Polat , Yakar Şule , Baykan Necmi , Salt Ömer , Taşlıdere Bahadır , Özcan Berna
Published: May 2018

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Persistan koksikodini
Authors: Yalçın Çiğdem
Published: May 2018

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A newborn with congenital glucose-galactose malabsorbtion and cardiac failure
Authors: Gülaşı Selvi , Mert M. Kurthan
Published: May 2018

Glukoz-galaktoz malabsorpsiyonu, yenidoğan döneminde başlayan ve hayatı tehdit eden bir hastalıktır. Sodyum bağımlı glukoz taşıyıcı sistemde SLC5A1 genindeki mutasyonlara bağlı olarak ince barsak mukozasında glukoz ve galaktozun emilmemesi sonucu ağır osmotik ishal ile seyreder. Erken tanı ve uygun tedavi ile ölümcül komplikasyonların önlenmesi, ishalin kesilmesi ve normal büyümenin sağlanması mümkündür. Burada, yenidoğan döneminde ishale bağlı ağır dehidratasyon ve şok tablosunda başvuran, konjenital glukoz-galaktoz malabsorbsiyonu tanısı konan, başvuru anında ciddi kalp yetmezliğinin olması nedeniyle  tanıda zorluk yaşanan bir olgu sunulmaktadır. Konjenital glukoz-galaktoz malabsorbsiyonunun kalp yetmezliği ile komplike olduğu başka olguya literatürde rastlanmamıştır.
Post-travmatik siringomiyeli
Authors: Emre Ufuk , Varol Armağan , Bayramoğlu Banu
Published: May 2018

Siringomyeli, spinal kord içinde kistik kavitasyonla karakterize progresif, nadir bir hastalıktır. Travma, sirinks gelişiminde önemli bir etyolojik nedendir. Bu yazıda, geç dönem nörolojik bulgularla başvuran bir post-travmatik siringomyeli olgusu sunulmuştur.
Halo nevus/Leukoderma acquisitum centrifugum of the face
Authors: Bajpai Manas , Pardhe Nilesh
Published: May 2018

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Chondroblastic osteosarcoma: the wolf in sheep’s clothing
Authors: Bajpai Manas , Pardhe Nilesh
Published: May 2018

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Percepción de la dificultad de la tarea en jóvenes jugadores de fútbol
Authors: García-Angulo Antonio , García-Angulo Francisco Javier
Published: May 2018

Los objetivos del presente estudio son: a) valorar la percepción de dificultad que tienen niños en iniciación deportiva frente a unas tareas establecidas según nivel de dificultad percibido por el entrenador; y b) identificar los patrones técnico-tácticos que resultan más complicados en su aprendizaje para niños en iniciación deportiva. Para ello se diseñó un estudio de carácter cualitativo cuya muestra fueron jóvenes jugadores en iniciación deportiva (n=11), sobre los que se aplicó una serie de tareas que su formador había ordenado en base a su percepción de la dificultad. Los resultados más destacados muestran que: a) el desarrollo de ciertas tareas de carácter analítico que se presuponen más sencillas suponen mayores grados de complejidad para los jóvenes jugadores de fútbol; y b) la percepción que tienen los entrenadores sobre la dificultad que suponen los juegos reducidos es mayor que la dificultad que perciben los jóvenes jugadores sobre este tipo de tareas. Estos datos pueden servir a los entrenadores en categorías de formación a orientar la preparación y el desarrollo de las tareas y de manera más global a llevar una metodología de entrenamiento más acorde a los jugadores.
El juego dirigido en los recreos como método de inclusión del alumnado con necesidades especiales
Authors: Arias Toni García , Martínez Cristina Nogales
Published: May 2018

El recreo es el momento de mayor interacción social del alumnado dentro del colegio. La participación libre del alumnado en actividades y juegos durante el recreo depende principalmente de los intereses y de las capacidades y habilidades de cada alumno. Debido a este carácter socializador de primer orden, el recreo supone un momento relevante en lo referente a dos aspectos educativos fundamentales: la convivencia escolar y la inclusión-exclusión de los alumnos. Aunque existen diversos estudios que demuestran que se produce una mejora de la convivencia escolar en los recreos dirigidos con respecto a los recreos libres, no existen estudios que evidencien si existe una mejora de la inclusión del alumnado con necesidades especiales en los recreos con actividades dirigidas. En esta experiencia didáctica se pretende analizar en qué medida los recreos con actividades y juegos dirigidos mejoran la convivencia y la inclusión.
Low dose oral hydroxyurea prophylaxis improves all clinico: haematological parameters among sickle cell disease patients
Authors: Pradhan Butungeshwar , Kullu Bipin K. , Tripathy Sagnika , Patel Nayan K.
Published: May 2018

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) an inheritable disorder of haemoglobin structure resulting from substitution of valine for glutamic acid at 6th position of β-globin chain of haemoglobin(HbS), which polymerizes on deoxygenation and undergoes to sickle shaped RBC causing vaso-occlusive painful crisis, chronic haemolysis, anaemia, frequent blood transfusions, frequent hospitalizations with increased morbidity and acute chest syndrome leading to mortalities. Presence of foetal haemoglobin (HbF) prevent sickling and use of drugs like Hydroxyurea (HU) results in increased production of HbF to prevent complications of SCD. Aims and objectives was to know the various effect of low dose HU on clinical and haematological parameters among SCD patients.Methods: Total 100 S HbSS patients were consecutively selected, with indication for HU in 10mg/kg + 5mg folic acid/day. Baseline haemoglobin, HbF, HbS, haematocrit (HCT), TRBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and HbS, TPC, TWBCs, ANCs and other relevant tests as needed. Follow up haematological tests were done at 1 month and then every 3 month up to 24 months with monitoring of clinical status, hepatic, renal, and myelotoxicities. Data were collected and analyzed.Results: There were 31 paediatric cases with mean age of 8.47±4.1 years and 69 adults with mean age of 25.9±8.2 years presented with or history of various complications. HU improves all clinical and haematological parameters significantly (Hb, HCT, HbF, MCV, MCH, MCHC,) with mild myelotoxicities (decreased ANC, TPC, WBCs).Conclusions: HU improves all clinical and haematological parameters with mild myelotoxicities among SCD patients.
Randomised controlled trial comparing the intra-articular hyaluronic acid versus intra-articular steroid in osteoarthritis of knee
Authors: Tiwari Anurag , Thora Ankit
Published: May 2018

Background: Osteoarthritis of knee is a chronic degenerative joint disease which leads to pain, swelling and stiffness. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid or steroids are being used for its treatment. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of intra articular hyaluronic acid in comparison to steroids for knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: A prospective randomized study including 70 patients (121 knees) diagnosed with osteoarthritis of knee, were randomly divided into two groups: 35 patients (58 knees) were given intra-articular hyaluronic acid and 35 patients (63 knees) were given intra-articular methylprednisolone. The outcome was evaluated with knee society score (KSS) and visual analog scale (VAS) before the injection and 1, 3 and 6 months after the injection.

Results: The mean KSS pain and function scores increased while VAS decreased in both the groups. All the scores showed improvement at 6 months follow up. In both the groups, the scores at 6 months were significantly better than the pre injection values, and the scores of hyaluronic acid group were significantly better compared to steroid group.
Conclusions: Intraarticular hyaluronic acid seems to be better for long term pain relief and preservation of function in comparison to intraarticular steroids in osteoarthritis of knee.
A CARTOGRAFIA QUE O PLANEJAMENTO URBANO FORMAL NÃO VÊ: TRAJETOS URBANOS E LUGARES DE AFETO DAS MORADORAS DO BAIRRO DELTA DO MATAPI EM SANTANA - AMAPÁ
Authors: Da Silva Barbosa Jesiane , Cabral da Silva Eliane
Published: May 2018

O presente trabalho é um estudo de caso realizado com moradoras do Bairro do Delta do Matapi em Santana - AP; buscou, a partir da análise dos trajetos urbanos realizados, evidenciar uma cartografia dos lugares de afeto das mulheres no interior do bairro. A intenção da pesquisa foi, via construção de mapas mentais pelas moradoras, demonstrar e valorizar lógicas de uso do território, diferentes daquelas que comandam o planejamento urbano formal, na maioria das vezes, pautadas pelo uso racional e eficiente dos espaços, especialmente do ponto de vista econômico.
LA (IN)CAPACIDAD DE RESPUESTA AL ODS NÚMERO 6 EN LOS MUNICIPIOS DE LA ZONA OTOMÍ-TEPEHUA (HIDALGO, MÉXICO)
Authors: Manetta Alex , Hernández Luis Alberto Labra , Avilés Tomás Serrano
Published: May 2018

Este artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar las posibilidades de los municipios de la zona Otomí-Tepehua de responder a las metas establecidas por el Objetivo del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) número 6, puntualizando las brechas y acercamientos entre dicho objetivo y los programas establecidos por distintos niveles de gobierno. Además, se utiliza un análisis FODA que permite concluir que, a pesar de los avances logrados en términos de políticas públicas, es necesario que se fortalezcan las capacidades técnica, administrativa y financiera de los municipios, dado que por ley es en este nivel que las acciones deben ser efectivamente discutidas, planeadas y gestionadas.
Kagwy e cachaça: Modos de beber e produção de corpos em territórios Kaiowá no Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Moretti Leandro Lucato
Published: May 2018

O texto que segue busca discutir os usos de bebidas alcóolicas em áreas ocupadas pelos Kaiowá no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, a partir de um olhar da psicologia social. No trabalho de campo, buscou-se investigar diferentes sentidos a respeito da coexistência de bebidas e modos de beber. Pode-se observar usos do kagwy (bebida fermentada geralmente de milho) e, em diferentes contextos, da cachaça (bebida destilada). Também foi possível perceber que a circulação de bebidas pode, ou não, assumir potências construtivas perpassando aspectos culturais, a sociabilidade, a construção do corpo, a saúde, entre outros. Além disso, transformações e permanências nos modos de beber podem indicar, ou não, formas de resistência à histórica opressão e confinamento da sociedade envolvente.
A promoção da saúde em cursos universitários: uma análise documental
Authors: Lopes Rosemeire Braga , Zukowsky-Tavares Cristina
Published: May 2018

O objetivo dessa investigação foi entender como a promoção da saúde se apresenta em Projetos Político Pedagógicos (PPP) de um Centro Universitário na cidade de São Paulo. Este é um estudo documental que utilizou a análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática interpretação dos dados.  Houve uma busca pela promoção da saúde integral, física, mental, emocional, social e espiritual no ambiente universitário em foco. A promoção da saúde ficou evidente em um componente curricular obrigatório, acrescido de um projeto de pesquisa ou extensão nessa direção nos cursos investigados. Já a saúde e o estilo de vida saudável não estão presentes nos perfis de formação dos egressos nos Projetos em geral, o que demanda atenção e reflexão de gestores educacionais e elaboradores de políticas para o setor. Sugerimos novas pesquisas que discutam o papel da promoção da saúde na Educação Superior.
Tabagismo e estilo de vida em área de vulnerabilidade social
Authors: Oliveira Natália Cristina de , Portes Leslie Andrews , Zukowsky-Tavares Cristina , Martins Leonardo Tavares , Bonito Jorge
Published: May 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a prevalência de tabagismo e sua relação com o estilo de vida da população residente na Comunidade Jardim Colombo, cidade de São Paulo. Utilizou-se um desenho transversal e um questionário fechado foi aplicado nos domicílios. Foram visitadas 2.416 residências, e o estudo contou com uma amostra de 5.155 participantes. A prevalência de tabagismo (19,5%, IC95%: 18,1;20,9) foi superior à prevalência nacional (15%) e esteve associada à idade, ao sexo masculino, à falta de escolarização, e a hábitos não saudáveis de estilo de vida como: consumo de álcool, baixo consumo de frutas, verduras e legumes, e ausência de religião. A prevalência de tabagismo foi alta e os resultados requerem intervenções que tenham como foco a cessação do tabagismo e a promoção de um estilo de vida saudável.
Argumentación como determinante de las decisiones judiciales: evidencia empírica del control abstracto de constitucionalidad en Ecuador
Authors: Castro-Montero José Luis , Proaño Durán Marco
Published: May 2018

Los juristas suelen analizar la argumentación desde una perspectiva formal y normativa aplicada, en su mayoría, al ámbito de los jueces y sus decisiones. Este artículo adopta una perspectiva distinta, en tanto examina de manera empírica la calidad de la argumentación de las demandas propuestas dentro de procesos de control constitucional abstracto. En esta línea, este trabajo evalúa en qué medida la habilidad argumentativa de los accionantes da cuenta del sentido de las decisiones judiciales. Para el efecto, se define la calidad de la argumentación como la habilidad del demandante para: (i) identificar normas constitucionales violadas y disposiciones inconstitucionales; (ii) exponer sus argumentos de manera clara y coherente, y (iii) sustentar sus pretensiones sobre la base de fuentes jurídicas. A partir del análisis cuantitativo de una base de datos original que incluye cuarenta acciones públicas de inconstitucionalidad resueltas por la Corte Constitucional de Ecuador desde 2008 hasta 2016 y una encuesta dirigida a expertos, este artículo halla que, a diferencia del tipo de accionante (público o privado), la argumentación de las demandas no tiene un impacto estadísticamente significativo sobre las probabilidades de obtener una decisión judicial favorable para las pretensiones de quien la interpone.
El impacto del diálogo entre derecho sustantivo y derecho procesal
Authors: Pérez Ragone Álvaro
Published: May 2018

La justicia o equidad procedimental sustentan la realidad de unión e interdependencia, mas no la de la dicotomía, entre sustancia y procedimiento. Es por ello que el énfasis en la dignidad individual ante los órganos del Estado es entendido por el juez como un derecho de dignidad del ser humano. Aunque tradicionalmente el procedimiento ha sido entendido como intrínsecamente sustantivo, ahora también debemos apreciar que la sustancia es inherentemente procesal. La construcción del derecho sustantivo implica suposiciones acerca de los procedimientos que se aplicarán cuando, en última instancia, se utilice ese derecho sustantivo. Esos procedimientos se inscriben en el derecho sustantivo, y en caso de inaplicación darán lugar a una infracción del mandato sustantivo. Así entonces, la justificación pública de la participación como estrategia respetuosa de la dignidad humana, con mecanismos que ponderan el discurso, pero también el derecho a la verdad y la ponderación de lo justo (para aceptar la legitimidad de una decisión), imponen procedimientos que establezcan un diálogo sólido entre el derecho sustantivo y el derecho procesal.
La intervención en Libia en 2011: el dispositivo democrático global en funcionamiento
Authors: Cuadro Mariela
Published: May 2018

El objetivo del artículo es detectar la presencia en funcionamiento de lo que se denomina dispositivo democrático global. Este consiste en una serie de elementos heterogéneos (normativos, teóricos, éticos, políticos) que, funcionando en conjunto, producen un sujeto global cuya máxima aspiración social es la vida en democracia. Este sujeto democrático global es concebido como condición de posibilidad y efecto de lo que es definido como Gobierno liberal mundial. Estos supuestos teóricos son puestos a jugar en el análisis de los discursos de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) y de la Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte (OTAN) que acompañaron la intervención en Libia en 2011. Así, a través de ellos el artículo busca analizar cómo se articularon elementos normativos como la responsabilidad de proteger, teóricos como la tesis de la paz democrática, y morales como el uso particular e insistente del significante libertad y sus vinculaciones con la democracia para la construcción de dicho sujeto democrático.
Palestina, Israel y la geopolítica de Asia occidental
Authors: García Pío
Published: May 2018

Los esfuerzos de la comunidad internacional por darle solución al conflicto israelí-palestino siguen chocando contra las medidas de fuerza del Gobierno de Israel y su insistencia en la negociación bilateral. Aquí se argumenta que la comprensión cabal del problema amerita la revisión del juego geopolítico en Asia occidental, donde los grandes poderes configuran alianzas y desatan guerras en pro de sus intereses. Siendo allí la alianza israelíestadounidense persistente, las gestiones de la comunidad internacional para comprometer a Estados Unidos en la salida del enfrentamiento mediante el reconocimiento multilateral del Estado palestino han de mantenerse sin vacilación, puesto que la alternativa del acuerdo bilateral con Israel no le ofrece a Palestina más que su rendición.
El tercermundismo como doctrina política internacional en el acercamiento de Irán a Venezuela
Authors: Álvarez Cabello Pablo
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre la asociación entre el Irán del presidente Mahmoud Ahmadineyad y la Venezuela del presidente Hugo Chávez, bajo la lógica del discurso tercermundista. El argumento principal es que el discurso de reivindicación tercermundista le permitió al régimen iraní acercarse a países que comparten su crítica al sistema internacional y al poderío de Estados Unidos. Pero, por otra parte, no logró desarrollar la suficiente adhesión social interna que justifique tal asociación. Por tanto, el discurso tercermundista ha servido como instrumento de política internacional, mientras que en el plano interno el régimen sigue siendo conservador.
¿Qué contribución puede hacer Colombia a la paz y al respeto del derecho internacional en el Sahara Occidental?
Authors: Ruiz Miguel Carlos
Published: May 2018

Este trabajo argumenta que el reconocimiento de la República Árabe Saharaui Democrática (RASD) es una contribución al respeto del derecho internacional y a la paz entre los pueblos. Partiendo de que el derecho internacional público es un derecho “imperfecto” debido, fundamentalmente, a la falta de un poder ejecutivo centralizado, se considera que en gran medida la responsabilidad de hacer respetar este derecho recae sobre los Estados miembros de la comunidad internacional, con la dificultad añadida de que algunos pueden vetar ciertas actuaciones, lo que anima a sus protegidos a persistir en la violación del derecho. A continuación, se considera la situación jurídica del caso del Sahara Occidental, conflicto donde el derecho a la autodeterminación y a la independencia del pueblo saharaui está claramente definido, y cuáles son las circunstancias que rodean la fundación de la RASD y su legitimidad. Ahora bien, ante la demostrada inacción de los órganos centrales de la comunidad internacional que no quieren, o pueden, hacer cumplir universalmente ese derecho, se pone de relieve la responsabilidad de los Estados miembros de dicha comunidad en esa tarea. Esto ocurre especialmente en el caso de Colombia y los Estados americanos que han ratificado la Convención de Montevideo, en los que esa responsabilidad queda más clara. La actuación de cada Estado en el cumplimiento del derecho internacional es una contribución al respeto del mismo, y a la solución pacífica de las controversias, por lo que se considera que el reconocimiento de la RASD es una aportación al derecho y a la paz.
Gender and Religion
Authors: Hackett Rosalind I.J.
Published: May 2018

Despite the burgeoning of gender and religion studies over the last few decades, very few works address questions of sound and hearing. Yet acoustic and auditory practices and perceptions can be closely linked to patterns of gender differentiation. Drawing on recent research in sound studies, with a focus on voice and vocalization, the article discusses what challenges and enhancements a sonically aware approach might afford.
Segment Reporting Level And Analyst Forecast Accuracy
Authors: Heo Kyongsun , Doo Seoyoung
Published: May 2018

In a setting where the primary financial statements have been converted from individual financial statements to consolidated financial statements in Korea, we examine the effect of segment information disclosed by the firm on analysts’ consolidated-base earnings forecast accuracy. Since Korean firms have prepared the primary financial statements on a non-consolidated basis in the pre-IFRS regime, the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) leads to a great deal of difficulties and complexities in making accurate consolidated forecasts for users of financial statements, even for financial analysts who are sophisticated users of financial statements. In this situation, we conjecture that the amount of details and types of information in segment disclosure will influence analysts’ forecast accuracy. Consistent with the prediction, we find that financial analysts are able to make more accurate earnings projections when firms provide more disaggregated accounting figures by each segment. Moreover, we find that analysts can make forecasts more accurately when firms disclose more persistent earnings component (i.e., segment operating income). Furthermore, we find that the effect of the segment disclosure levels on analysts’ forecast accuracy is more pronounced for firms with multi-segments. Our results indicate that disaggregated segment information is a useful source for financial analysts to have better understanding about complete picture of firms’ consolidated earnings and improve their forecasting performance.
The Mexican Tourism Business: Lessons From Domestic Demand For Business Managers
Authors: Ruiz Fuentes Liliana , Vargas Chanes Delfino
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this research is to identify priority actions to be taken in Mexico in order to encourage tourism entrepreneurs to take advantage of and to meet domestic tourist demand. In order to do this, the role that domestic tourism has in consumption and demand both nationally and internationally is analysed; opinion leaders from the sector are interviewed and the concept mapping methodology is used in combination with multidimensional scaling to solve the difficulties of prioritizing activities, gaining consensus, and to show graphically how the various stakeholders relate. The main results show three principal groups of activities: one which can be directly addressed by entrepreneurs, and two others, which although they relate to public policy and measurement, can also be driven by the business community.
The Impact Of The National Credit Act On Residential Mortgage Lending In South Africa
Authors: Boonzaaier Catherine , Chisasa Joseph
Published: May 2018

The purpose of the study reported in this article was to determine the impact of the National Credit Act on residential mortgage lending in South Africa.  The National Credit Act (NCA) was promulgated and implemented on 1 June 2007. The purpose of the NCA was to remove the many unfair practices, inappropriate disclosure and anti-competitive practices from the market and to achieve honesty in the credit market. Low-income groups were held back because they could not gain access to formal finance to build or improve houses or supplement housing subsidies to get bigger houses. This study applied a quantitative research design using monthly time series secondary data for the period January 2001 to August 2011. The statistical analysis techniques used in this study were t-tests, descriptive statistics, trend analysis and correlation analysis. It was found that the NCA had a positive effect on the residential mortgages in South Africa. These results have policy implications on the continued regulation of the credit market and the avoidance of reckless lending.
Systèmes Agroforestiers A Garcinia Kola Heckel Au Sud-Est Du Bénin : Distribution Géographique, Connaissances Endogènes Et Retombées Financières
Authors: Codjia Sylvie , Aoudji Augustin , Koura Kourouma , Ganglo Jean Cossi
Published: May 2018

This study was carried out in three districts (Avrankou, Adjarra, and Ifangni) of south-eastern Benin, and aimed to analyze the socio-economic and ethnobotanical importance of Garcinia kola Heckel, in order to contribute to their sustainable management. Focus groups were conducted with three groups, composed of 10 owners of G. kola per district each and the result showed that Garcinia kola Heckel became extinct in their naturally occurring state in Benin. Besides, a survey was conducted among 140 owners of G. kola randomly selected in the study area. The results showed that the average number of G. kola feet per owner varies between 3 and 4, and the annual income generated from seeds marketing by an owner is XOF 1036000 in Adjarra district, XOF 356250 in Avrankou district, and XOF 290892 in Ifangni district. Furthermore, the ethnobotanical study showed that G. kola organs are well known and used by local people for medicine, food (for both humans and animals), commercial, spiritual purpose, and for timber and shading. The medicinal use was the most widespread with a diversity of uses (UD = 0.64 in Adjarra, UD = 0.61 in Avrankou and UD = 0.68 in Ifangni). The old men held more knowledge about the use of various organs of the species (ID = 0.91, IE = 0.91), while young women hold less knowledge (ID = 0.20, IE = 0.20). The seeds are the most common part used regardless of the district considered.
Communication Experiences of Speech and Hearing Impaired Clients in Accessing Healthcare in Hohoe Municipality of Volta Region, Ghana
Authors: Appiah Prince Kubi , Fenu Georgina Agartha , Asalu Geoffrey Adebayo , Dzata Wilson Mensah , Bonchel Duut Abdulai , Abdul-Rahman Timay Ibrahim , Dongdem Anthony Zunuo
Published: May 2018

Background Access to healthcare for speech and hearing impaired clients can be difficult against the backdrop that healthcare providers are inadequately trained to work with Deaf clients whose primary mode of communication is sign language. Therefore, this study sought to explore communication experiences of deaf people and barriers affecting their access to healthcare in Hohoe municipality in Volta region of Ghana. Method: For this quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional study 40 participants were recruited through snowball sampling technique. Quantitative data was obtained through administration of semi-structured questionnaire to sixteen (16) willing participants. The information was triangulated with three (3) focus group discussions. The statistical software Epi Info version 7 and Stata version 11 was used to analyze the quantitative data and presented in graph and tables. Thematic analysis was adopted for analyzing the qualitative data. Findings: Majority (93%) of the study participants are deaf and 7% being hard of hearing. Half (20) of them were above 30 years. Male to female participants in the study were equal. Thirty-five percent of participants had at least primary education and 10.0% had no formal education however 28% of them were employed. Gestures, sign language, assistance from a family member/friend, lip reading and writing are the various methods used by the deaf in communicating with healthcare providers. Family member/friends assistance and gestures were the most frequently used methods of communicating. Due to communication difficulties, they experience disparity, discriminations, neglect and delays in receiving healthcare from providers. Financial difficulties was also identified as barrier in accessing health. Conclusions: Access to healthcare for hearing impaired clients is important to achieve health equity. However challenging it can be, due to communication gaps, efforts must be made to ensure that this group receive adequate health care.
Almohadilla Desechable Biodegradable a ser usada en un Pañal Ecológico
Authors: Vázquez Cuauhtémoc Pozos , Padilla Patricia Blanco , González Martha Ofelia Mercado , Martínez Gustavo Abraham Velez
Published: May 2018

The disposition of urban solid waste is a major problem around the world today due to the large amount of spaces it occupies and the negative effects it has on the environment. These effects include pollution, most especially when it comes in contact with terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. One of the solid wastes that are generated in large quantities is the baby diapers. This, however, is because of its high demand for use. Plastics with which conventional disposable diapers are made can take many years to degrade. An attractive alternative to reduce its contaminating effect involves the use of reusable diapers in which the absorbent is not discarded. Nevertheless, one of the major disadvantages is that it requires a lot of washing after its use. Thus, it is time-consuming as the diapers have to be washed with water and detergents. This paper focuses on an attractive alternative of a new 100% biodegradable absorbent which was produced. This alternative can be disposed without having any significant impact on the environment. Through this way, there is a promotion of the idea of using an ecological diaper with a disposable absorbent (insert) made from natural and biodegradable materials with which it would avoid exposing babies to the chemical components of conventional disposable diapers. In addition, costs are minimized since the diaper is not completely discarded; thus, only the absorbent is removed.
Efectividad de la política fiscal sobre la producción y la inequidad en Colombia: 1990-2006
Authors: Laverde Henry
Published: May 2018

Este documento tiene como objetivo identificar los efectos dinámicos de la política fiscal sobre la producción y la distribución del ingreso en Colombia para el periodo 1990-2006. Se pretende indagar sobre la efectividad de la política fiscal en términos de la magnitud y longitud de los multiplicadores fiscales sobre estas dos variables. Para ello, se utiliza un modelo VAR con información trimestral de gastos e impuestos del gobierno nacional, PIB real y el coeficiente Gini. Los resultados encontrados sugieren la escasa efectividad de la política fiscal para reducir la inequidad del ingreso, dada la baja magnitud de los multiplicadores fiscales y su corta longitud.
El sector externo y su incidencia en la ocupación en Colombia 1985-2006
Authors: Bonilla Olano Esperanza
Published: May 2018

La autora emprendió una investigación que se fijó como objetivo realizar, mediante un modelo econométrico de regresión, la validación empírica del impacto que sobre la ocupación nacional han tenido las siguientes actividades relacionadas con el sector externo: exportaciones (X), importaciones (M), exportaciones netas (XN) e inversión extranjera directa (IED). Los resultados indican que existe una alta asociación entre la ocupación y las exportaciones. No obstante, este efecto prácticamente se anula con el incremento de las importaciones. En cuanto a la IED que tiene una baja participación en el PIB, su correlación con el empleo no es significativa.
Justificación económica de la descentralización: un análisis desde las finanzas regionales
Authors: Ramírez Hernández Luis Fernando , Bernal Garzón Manuel
Published: May 2018

En este documento se presenta un análisis sobre la justificación económica de la descentralización fiscal y la manera de repartir los poderes de decisión entre el gobierno nacional y los entes territoriales para alcanzar los objetivos de eficiencia, equidad y estabilización.
Concordancia entre el cumplimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo del milenio sobre pobreza, con los planes nacionales de desarrollo de Colombia 2002-2010: evaluación con un modelo de cointegración
Authors: Basto Mercado Luis Édgar
Published: May 2018

In 2000 the Colombian National Government was promised with United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund and the OCDE to reach inthe 2015, 8 objectives, 18 goals and 48 indicators to measure the progress to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). The present paper focused to examine the objectives related to the poverty. After to analyze the National Development plan(NDP) 2002-2006 “Hacia un estado comunitario”, it was not noticed a direct connection between this and the MDG, principally on the poverty subjects which are not explicit in the plan. The NDP 2006-2010 “Estado Comunitario: Desarrollo para todos”was analyzed too and there it was found a better performance in the poverty subjects in comparison with the preceding. This could be explained because in the 2002-2006 plan the poverty subject was presented as a general objective, in a general way -notexplicitly-, and the poverty was being too high in the 2003. In addition, the plan had annual projections of the goals and an explicit investment plan about the poverty reduction. From the fitted cointegration model can be inferred that the government expenses devoted to the poverty in the NDP have not been sufficient to reach the goals established for 2015.
Perbandingan Luas Permukaan Telapak Tangan terhadap Luas Permukaan Tubuh berdasar Jenis Kelamin dan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Dewasa Muda (Comparison of Hand Surface Area on Body Surface Area based on Sex and Body Mass Index in Young Adults )
Authors: Nuzuliana Fatmalia Fhierziandrini , Elfiah Ulfa , Rachmania Sheila
Published: May 2018

Hand surface area is considered as 1% of body surface area is used as one way in determining the extent of burns. There are differences of percentage of hand surface area in literatures. This study aimed to determine the ratio of hand surface area and palm surface area towards body surface area in young adults at the University of Jember based on Body Mass Index (BMI) and sex. This study was observational analytic with cross sectional approach. The samples were 120 young adults at the University of Jember, divided into 4 groups of BMI i.e. thin, normal, overweight, and obese. The analysis used in this study was One Way Anova and Independent T-test. The average percentage of the hand surface area on male 0.757%, female 0.702%, thin group 0.794%, normal 0.747%, overweight 0.704%, and obese 0.677%. Test analysis between men and women obtained significance value <0.05 while between groups of BMI obtained significance value <0.05 except between overweight and obese. It concluded that the percentage of hand surface area was different between genders and BMI groups. The percentage of the hand surface area was smaller with an increase of BMI.

 

Keywords: hand surface area, body surface area, body mass index, sex
Problematización de las prácticas docentes y contextualización de la enseñanza
Authors: Rodríguez-Sosa Jorge , Hernández-Sánchez Kelly
Published: May 2018

El artículo es una reflexión en tres planos: el primero, sobre cómo los docentes problematizan sus propias prácticas dada la complejidad de los escenarios que deben enfrentar cotidianamente en las aulas. El segundo, sobre cómo la problematización de la docencia en percibida en el mundo académico y el escolar. El tercero, sobre cuánto y cómo los contenidos, las herramientas metodológicas y los formatos de capacitación, que son necesarios para fortalecer en los docentes las capacidades y las actitudes proclives a la problematización, están siendo asumidos por los programas de formación docente continua. Se concluye con una reflexión conjunta que trata de establecer el vínculo entre los planos.
PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI MEMBRAN KERAMIK DENGAN VARIASI TEPUNG BERAS SEBAGAI ADITIF UNTUK PROSES MIKROFILTRASI
Authors: Rahayu Iman
Published: May 2018

Membran keramik merupakan membran sintetik dan bagian dari membran anorganik. Aplikasi mengenai membran ini telah banyak dikembangkan, seperti untuk proses pemisahan gas dan juga pada proses mikrofiltrasi yang digunakan untuk proses penjernihan air. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan untuk proses pembuatan membran keramik adalah kaolin, tanah liat, felspar, pasir kuarsa dan tepung beras yang digunakan sebagai zat pembentuk pori dengan variasi tiga komposisi. Proses pembuatan keramik menggunakan proses cetak tekan dengan suhu pembakaran sampai 1300°C selama 9 jam. Nilai fluks yang dihasilkan dari membran M25%, M35% dan M45% adalah 2440-2520 L/atm.jam.m2, 1680-1760 L/atm.jam.m2, dan 3660 L/atm.jam.m2. Membran M45% memiliki nilai fluks yang lebih besar dari membran yang lainnya. Semakin banyak bahan pembentuk pori yang digunakan, semakin banyak pori yang terbentuk. Hasil dari uji kuat lentur untuk membran M45% cukup rapuh tapi masih dapat digunakan dengan tekanan 0,5 atm. Struktur dari pori membran dilihat dengan menggunakan SEM, diperoleh pori- pori yang tidak teratur dengan ukuran pori sekitar 5 μm. Kata Kunci: Membran, keramik, tepung beras, aditif, mikrofiltrasi ABSTRACT
ISOLASI SELULOSA DARI JERAMI PADI MENGGUNAKAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI BASA
Authors: Umaningrum Dewi , Nurmasari Radna , Astuti Maria Dewi , Mardhatillah Mardhatillah , Mulyasuryani Ani , Mardiana Diah
Published: May 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang isolasi selulosa dari jerami padi menggunakan variasi konsentrasi basa. Pada penelitian ini dipelajari tentang pengaruh basa dan variasi konsentrasinya dalam isolasi selulosa dari jerami padi. Kajian pengaruh basa dan konsentrasi dilakukan dengan melarutkan ekstrak jerami padi pada NaOH dan KOH dengan variasi konsentrasi 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% dan 9% dan kemudian dilakukan analisis IR terhadap selulosa hasil isolasi serta dihitung rendemen selulosa dan lignin sisa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada isolasi selulosa dari jerami padi digunakan NaOH 7% dengan rendemen selulosa yang diperoleh sebesar 33,63% dengan lignin sisa sebesar 2,42%.Kata kunci : isolasi, selulosa, lignin sisa
KAJIAN SORPSI ZAT WARNA SAFRANIN O PADA SORBEN BEADS KITOSAN-TRIPOLIFOSFAT
Authors: Nurmasari Radna , Umaningrum Dewi , Yuliyanti Eka
Published: May 2018

Penelitian tentang sorpsi zat warna safranin O pada beads kitosan-TPP telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum sorpsi safranin O (konsentrasi TPP pada beads kitosan-TPP, pH, dan waktu kesetimbangan) dan kapasitas sorpsi. Kondisi optimum sorpsi serta kapasitas sorpsi safranin O pada beads kitosan-TPP didapatkan melalui pengolahan data dari pengukuran nilai serapan larutan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi TPP optimum beads kitosan-TPP terhadap sorpsi safranin O adalah 7,5%, pH optimum sorpsi safranin O pada beads kitosan-TPP adalah pH 11, waktu kesetimbangan sorpsi safranin O adalah pada 90 menit, dan kapasitas sorpsi beads kitosan-TPP terhadap safranin O adalah 32,25 mg/g. Kata Kunci : beads kitosan-TPP, sorpsi, alizarin red S, safranin O
Orientating the Future Bio-Macromolecular Electron Microscopy
Authors: Sun Fei
Published: May 2018

With forty years of developments, bio-macromolecule cryo-electron microscopy has met its revolution of resolution and is playing a very important role in structural biology study. According to different specimen states, cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) involves three specific techniques, single particle analysis (SPA), electron tomography and sub-tomogram averaging, and electron diffraction. All these three techniques have not realized their full potentials of solving structures of bio-macromolecules and therefore need to be developed in the future. In this review, the current existing bottlenecks of cryo-EM SPA are discussed with theoretical analysis, which includes air-water interface during specimen cryo-vitrification, bio-macromolecular conformational heterogeneity, focus gradient within thick specimen, and electron radiation damage. Besides, potential solutions of these bottlenecks are proposed and discussed, which are worthy of further investigations in the future.
Moderate the MAOA-L Allele Expression with CRISPR/Cas9 System
Authors: Nelwan Martin L.
Published: May 2018

Antisocial behavior is a behavior disorder inherited according to the inheritance of X-linked chromosome. This disorder derives from mutations in the MAOA gene. One of the mutations is the MAOA-L allele and result in MAOA-L activity. The MAOA-L allele activity can cause antisocial behavior in both healthy and unhealthy people. Antisocial behavior from healthy males can originate from maltreatment during childhood. Currently, MAOA inhibitor can reverse antisocial behavior to normal behavior in animal models. However, this disorder cannot be treated permanently; to treat it permanently in the future, technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9, iPSCs and ssODN are required. These technologies have succeeded to correct erroneous segments in the F8 gene and F9 gene. Both genes occupy the X chromosome. The MAOA gene also occupies the X chromosome. It is reasonable to state that CRISPR/Cas9 and iPSCs technique for instance can be beneficial tools to edit the MAOA gene to treat antisocial behavior. CRISPR/Cas9 can be used in combination with iPSCs or ssODN for instance. This combination can greatly help the permanent healing of antisocial behavioral disorders.
A Methodology for Gas Flaring Detection and Characterisation Using SLSTR
Authors: Caseiro Alexandre , Rücker Gernot , Tiemann Joachim , Leimbach David , Lorenz Eckehard , Frauenberger Olaf , Kaiser Johannes W.
Published: May 2018

Gas flaring is a disposal process widely used in the oil extraction and processing industry. It consists in the burning of unwanted gas at the tip of a stack. We have successfully adapted the VIIRS Nightfire algorithm for the detection and characterisation of gas flares to SLSTR observations on-board the Sentinel-3 satellites. A hot event at temperatures typical of a gas flare will produce a local maximum in the night-time readings of the shortwave and mid-infrared (SWIR and MIR) channels of SLSTR. The SWIR band centered at 1.61 μm is closest to the expected spectral radiance maximum and serves as the primary detection band. The hot source is characterised in terms of temperature and area by fitting the sum of two Planck curves, one for the hot source and another for the background, to the radiances from all the available SWIR, MIR and thermal infra-red channels of SLSTR. The flaring radiative power is calculated from the gas flare temperature and area. Our algorithm differs from the original VIIRS Nightfire algorithm in three key aspects: (1) It uses a granule-based contextual thresholding to detect hot pixels, being independent of the number of hot sources present and their intensity. (2) It analyses entire clusters of hot source detections instead of individual pixels. This is arguably a more comprehensive use of the available information. (3) The co-registration errors between hot source clusters in the different spectral bands are calculated and corrected. This also contributes to the SLSTR instrument validation. Cross-comparisons of the new gas flare characterisation with temporally close observations by the higher resolution German FireBIRD TET-1 small satellite and with the Nightfire product based on VIIRS on-board the Suomi-NPP satellite show general agreement for an individual flaring site in Siberia and for several flaring regions around the world. Small systematic differences to VIIRS Nightfire are nevertheless apparent. The retrieved flaring radiative power can be used to calculate flared gas volumes when calibrated against reported flared gas volumes. The estimated flared gas volume can be further combined with published emission factors in order to compute emissions of atmospheric trace constituents like carbon dioxide and black carbon.
Facile Low Temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis of BaTiO3 Nanoparticles Studied by In Situ X-ray Diffraction
Authors: Grendal Ola Gjoennes , Blichfeld Anders Bank , Skjarvø Susanne Linn , van Beek Wouter , Selbach Sverre Magnus , Grande Tor , Einarsrud Mari-Ann
Published: May 2018

Ferroelectric materials are crucial for today’s technological society, and nanostructured ferroelectric materials are important for downscaling of devices. Controlled and reproducible synthesis of these materials are therefore of immense importance. Hydrothermal synthesis is a well-established synthesis route, with a large parameter space for optimization, but a better understanding of nucleation and growth mechanisms is needed for full utilization and control. Here we use in situ X-ray diffraction to follow the nucleation and growth of BaTiO3 formed by hydrothermal synthesis using two different titanium precursors, an amorphous titania precipitate slurry and a Ti-citric acid complex solution. Sequential Rietveld refinement was used to extract the time dependency of lattice parameters, crystallite size, strain and atomic displacement parameters. Phase pure BaTiO3 nanoparticles 10 - 15 nm in size were successfully synthesized at different temperatures (100, 125, and 150 °C) from both precursors after reaction times ranging from a few seconds, to several hours. The two precursors resulted in phase pure BaTiO3 with similar final crystallite size. Finally, two different growth mechanisms were revealed, where the effect of surfactants present during hydrothermal synthesis is discussed as one of the key parameters.
Nonlinear Kinetics on a Lattice Featuring Anomalous Diffusion
Authors: Kaniadakis Giorgio , Hristopulos Dionissios T.
Published: May 2018

Master equations define the dynamics that govern the time evolution of various physical processes on lattices. In the continuum limit, master equations lead to Fokker-Planck partial differential equations that represent the dynamics of physical systems in continuous spaces. Over the last few decades, nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations have become very popular in condensed matter physics and in statistical physics. Numerical solutions of these equations require the use of discretization schemes. However, the discrete evolution equation obtained by the discretization of a Fokker-Planck partial differential equation depends on the specific discretization scheme. In general, the discretized form is different from the master equation that has generated the respective Fokker-Planck equation in the continuum limit. Therefore, the knowledge of the master equation associated with a given Fokker-Planck equation is extremely important for the correct numerical integration of the latter, since it provides a unique, physically motivated discretization scheme. This paper shows that the Kinetic Interaction Principle (KIP) that governs the particle kinetics of many body systems, introduced in [G. Kaniadakis, Physica A 296, 405 (2001)], univocally defines a very simple master equation that in the continuum limit yields the nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation in its most general form.