bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IN-VITRO ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SWIETENIA MAHAGONI (L). SEEDS AND ITS DIFFERENT FRACTION WITH ISOLATED COMPOUNDS
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh., Islam Mominul , Zaman Shahed ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh., Hamidul Haque ABM ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh., Easmin Sabina ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Published: July 2023

Active compounds of Swietenia mahagoni seed have power as anti diabetic that can be used in diabetes mellitus treatment. S. mahagoni seeds were extracted using methanol-maceration, followed by partitioning with petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (CL), ethyl acetate (EA), and dia-ion resin (DR). Column chromatography was used to further separate the dia-ion Resin fraction in order to get isolate purer compounds. One of the strategies is maintaining postprandial glucose level through inhibition of Î±-amylase and Î±-glucosidase. So that pre-prandial and post-prandial glucose levels can be controlled properly. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro inhibitory activity of Swietenia mahagoni seed by Î±-glucosidase, Î±-amylase. Inhibitory activity was measured using spectrophotometric method, Î±-amylase activity was measured at Î» = 540 nm, Î±-glucosidase activity measured at Î» = 405 nm. DRF inhibit both Î±-glucosidase and Î±-amylase better than acarbose as a positive control. This study showed that some extracts and some isolated compounds have inhibition activity of Î±-glucosidase and Î±-amylase. According to the findings, DR fraction (IC-50 = 328.22Î¼g/mL) had a higher level of alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity than acarbose (IC-50 = 336.95Î¼g/mL). The six DR fractions compounds were separated using column chromatography. The DR fraction (40.62%), (50.39%), showed the highest inhibition activity.
THE PREVENTIVE POWER OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors:   Joint Program of Preventive Medicine, Al-Ahsa, Community Medicine Department, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Saudi Arabia., Abdullah A. Albinsaleh , Walla M. Alwael ,   Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia., Ali J. Alsaad ,   Department of Clinical Neuroscience, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Published: July 2023

Background:Effective treatments for depression and anxiety include psychology and medications. It is proposed that one of the tools of self-care is physical activity (PA), which is an adjuvant treatment that may play a crucial role in managing depression and anxiety, in addition to promoting a better quality of life (QoL).Through this narrative review, we aim to summarize the latest available evidence and guide our healthcare colleagues to help anyone suffering from depression and anxiety. Summary:PubMed and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for relevantstudies published between January 2018 and June 2023 with no language restriction. Systematic reviews were included in the search. We performed the study selection in 3 stages: initially, we did screening by conducting an electronic search. Article titles and their abstracts were then screened. In the second screening stage, we assessed the full texts. In the last stage, we included studies that met our eligibility criteria. Key Messages:Based on most studies examined, we could conclude that there is an apparent positive effect on depression and anxiety in all adult age groups, nevertheless, in many physical, mental, and psychological conditions.We encourage all our colleagues in preventive medicine, family medicine, and other specialties to prescribe PA as an adjuvant therapy to prevent or treat patients suffering from depression and anxiety. In addition, we recommend that public health and community medicine professionals advocate for PA and draw and implement strategies to motivate people to include PA as a lifestyle. There are still gaps in this field, and we recommend further research and trials to add more to healthcare and science.
DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND OR DEMOGRAPHIC DISASTER: COMPARISON WITH CHINA AND LESSONS FOR INDIA
Authors: Gupta Divyanjali
Published: July 2023

India 2023 has overtaken China in terms of population. It is the only economy in the world which is going through a demographic dividend. From the 1980s onwards, China took full advantage of the independent workforce and developed a range of products that effectively and efficiently used this valuable resource. It is Indias turn now to take advantage and this, it could do by encouraging labour-intensive technologyin small manufacturing enterprises and self-employment.
Prevalência e fatores associados ao uso de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados por idosos com insuficiência cardíaca aguda
Authors: dos Santos Jefferson Pereira , Souza Tuany Santos , Oliveira Souza Bianca , Dos Santos Fábia Raira da Silva Bispo , Marinho Philipe Silva , David e Silva Uriel , Lemos Lucas Brasileiro , Da Silveira Lemos Gisele
Published: July 2023

A Insuficiência Cardíaca Aguda (ICA) é uma síndrome clínica complexa, cujo manejo terapêutico requer o uso de polifarmácia, que pode aumentar o risco de utilização de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropriados (MPIs) para idosos. Buscou-se avaliar a prevalência e fatores associados ao uso de MPIs por idosos internados com diagnóstico de ICA Realizou-se um estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico, no qual avaliou-se os dados de prontuários de pacientes com 60 anos ou mais com diagnóstico de ICA, admitidos em um hospital público, nos anos de 2019 e 2020, com no mínimo 48 horas de internamento. Foram coletados dados clínicos, sociodemográficos e farmacoterapêuticos. Classificou-se os MPIs de acordo com os Critérios de Beers, atualização de 2019. A associação entre variável dependente e as independentes foi realizada por meio de análise bruta e ajustada, utilizando o modelo de regressão logística binária. Foram incluídos 135 pacientes, com predomínio do sexo masculino (53,6%), média de idade 74,74±9,66, hipertensão arterial (90,9%) e polifarmácia excessiva (50,4%). A prevalência de MPI foi 98,5 %, média 3,83±1,64. As principais classes terapêuticas dos MPIs foram aquelas destinadas ao sistema cardiovascular (45,18%) e ao trato alimentar e metabolismo (30,20%). Houve associação significativa entre o número de MPIs e polifarmácia excessiva (RP=11,748; IC=3,691-37,391). Observa-se a necessidade de intervenções e práticas seguras de uso de medicamentos em idosos, inserção do farmacêutico clínico junto a equipe multidisciplinar, visando a minimizar o uso de MPI em idosos e os riscos decorrentes, haja vista a elevada prevalência do uso destes medicamentos, associados à polifarmácia excessiva nesta população.
A home office és a távmunka megítélésének vizsgálata a munkáltatói és munkavállalói attitűdök alapján
Authors: Ionescu Astrid , Tóth Dorina Anikó , Keresztes Gábor
Published: July 2023

A home office 2020-ig elenyésző mértékben volt jelen Magyarországon. A koronavírus elterjedése, majd a világban lezajló történések, mint az orosz-ukrán háború és annak hatásai – főként az energiaválság – jelentős változásokat hoztak az otthoni munkavégzés területén. Így jogosan merülnek fel a témával kapcsolatban fontos kérdések, mint például, hogy hogyan alakul ki/át a munkakörnyezet, mely szférákban lehetséges az otthoni munkavégzés, a dolgozók hány százaléka dolgozik/dolgozhat teljes vagy részleges home office-ban, ennek milyen hatásai vannak a munkavállalókra és a szervezetre, illetve, hogy a fenntarthatóság szempontjából milyen tapasztalatok vonhatók le. Többek között ezekre a kérdésekre is keressük a választ tanulmányunkban, megvizsgálva a témát szekunder adatok, néhány esetpélda és primer kutatás alapján.
Körforgásos gazdaság szemléletének megjelenése a hazai erdőgazdálkodási gyakorlatban
Authors: Bednárik Éva , Jámbori Zsuzsanna , Takáts Alexandra
Published: July 2023

A körforgásos gazdaságra történő átállás törekvése megjelenik az életünk számos területén, ami alól a fatermékek használata és újrahasznosítása, valamint az erdészeti melléktermékek sem jelentenek kivételt. A faipari és erdészeti ágazatban indult kezdeményezés célja egy olyan modell megalkotása, amely segít összefogni és irányítani a fahulladékok és erdei melléktermékek kezelésének szakszerű módját és felhasználásának lehetőségeit. Az érintett ágazatok esetén a lakosság és a gazdálkodó szervezetek körében egyaránt szükséges terjeszteni azt a szemléletet a hulladékgazdálkodás területén, amellyel az anyagok körkörös használata a legmagasabb mértékben megvalósulhat. Ehhez vizsgálni kell az áttérés gazdasági, társadalmi és környezeti dimenzióit, amely magában foglalja a tudományt, a technológiát és a kormányzati tényezőket egyaránt. Kiemelt jelentőségű a lakosság tájékoztatása, a tévhitek eloszlatása az erdészeti és faipari tevékenység környezeti hatásait illetően is. Tanulmányunkban ennek egyik lépéseként az erdészeti hulladékok hasznosítása területén végeztünk vizsgálatokat, és az erdészeti tevékenység során keletkező fahulladékok szelektív gyűjtésével, modifikálásával, újrahasznosításával kapcsolatos információgyűjtés eredményeit mutatjuk be erdőgazdaságok és faipari vállalkozás képviselőivel folytatott interjúk alapján.
Környezettudatos hulladékgyűjtés Zala megye háztartásaiban
Authors: Németh Nikoletta , Mészáros Katalin
Published: July 2023

A Nyugat-dunántúli régióra kiterjedő kutatásunk Zala megye háztartásaira vonatkozó adatait kiemelve azt vizsgáltuk, hogy a háztartások település-típusonkénti elhelyezkedése, a háztartások jellege, az egy háztartáshoz tartozó személyek száma mennyire befolyásolja az egyes hulladékok gyűjtésének módját. Online és személyes kérőívünket 240 fő töltötte ki a fiatal- és középgenerációból Zala megyében. Összhangban a korábbi kutatási iránnyal (Győr-Moson-Sopron és Vas megyék vonatkozásában), a Zala megyei háztartások vizsgálatához is három kérdést határoztunk meg: Kérdőíves kutatásunk eredményeként az várjuk, hogy a lakóhely és a lakás típusa, a háztartás mérete nagyobb mértékben befolyásolja a szelektív hulladékgyűjtési hajlandóságot, mint a megkérdezettek neme, életkora vagy iskolai végzettsége. A szelektív hulladékgyűjtés a műanyag, az üveg, a papír, és a veszélyes hulladékok esetén; míg a komposztálás a konyhai és kerti hulladékok esetén a legelterjedtebb. A szelektíven nem gyűjtők indokai között elsősorban az infrastruktúra és a helyhiány, míg ösztönzésben a házhoz menő szállítás megvalósítása a legjellemzőbb válasz.
A Comprehensive Review on the Neuropharmacological Effects of
Antidepressants in Various Prospects
Authors: Varshney Sandesh , Alam Md. Aftab , Kaur Awaneet , Sharma Shaweta
Published: July 2023

Depression is one of the most challenging diseases for society to treat. It is a highly prevalent
and disabling illness in the general population. Affective disorders are characterised by depressed
mood, diminished interest and pleasure, feelings of guilt or poor self-worth, sleep or food difficulties,
decreased energy, and impaired attention. This manuscript will look at depression from a behavioural
analytic perspective. The pathogenesis of major depressive disorder is poorly understood. Several
lines of experimental and clinical evidence, however, show that the therapeutic effect of most antidepressant
drugs is related to an increase in 5-HT-mediated neurotransmission. Alternative techniques,
however, are employed to obtain this net effect. A better understanding of the neurological mechanism
underpinning antidepressant drugs' delayed onset of action has resulted in the development of ways to
accelerate antidepressant responses, which are discussed further below. Many antidepressant medications
on the market today are beneficial, but they come with many downsides, including unpleasant
side effects, potential interactions, and a low response rate. Natural drugs, on the other hand, are extremely
effective, have a low risk, and a limited amount of side effects, which are covered briefly in
this paper. Alternative modalities of administration have received a lot of attention in recent decades
as a complement to approved prescription pharmaceuticals, especially for people who cannot tolerate
oral or parenteral methods. The most promising non-invasive systemic delivery techniques are transdermal
and transbronchial administration, and these are the focus of this research.
Explaining Why Africa had Much Lower COVID-19 Fatalities Per Million than Europe and North America
Authors: Boretti Alberto
Published: July 2023

This letter aims to explain the observed difference between COVID-19 fatalities in Europe and America compared to Africa. At present (May 3, 2023), the cumulative number of COVID-19 fatalities per million people has been 3,093 in South America, 2,761 in Europe, and 2,662 in North America. In particular, the United States and the United Kingdom had 3,323 and 3,320, respectively. With fewer opportunities to practice social distancing or hygiene and much more limited access to health care, Africa only had 181 fatalities per million. The better performances of Africa have been ascribed to the positive effects of reduced hygiene, increased biome diversity, lack of masking mandates and restrictions, better access to antivirals, a younger population, and lower vaccination rates, which all may have contributed to the better performances of Africa compared to Europe and North America against COVID-19.
Antenna Technologies for Wireless Communication Systems
Authors: Kumar M. Krishna , Venusamy Kanagaraj , Madhu M.C
Published: July 2023

The receiving antenna is critical in an RF energy harvesting system because it collects energy from nearby radiating sources. The amount of harvestable energy is influenced by antenna characteristics such as gain, radiation pattern, and impedance bandwidth; therefore, choosing the correct receiving antenna is crucial. The microstrip patch antenna is a popular choice because of its low profile, low cost, and ease of manufacture. Many publications on microstrip patch antennas have been written over the years for various applications, such as mobile communications, radio frequency identification (RFID) and medical telemetry. We provide a folded shorted patch antenna for indoor mobile communication systems in this research. In recent years, there has been a lot of new work in the field of microstrip antennas, and it is one of the most active sectors in business communications. Mobile communications, wireless interconnects, wireless local area networks (WLANs), and cellular phone technologies are among the most rapidly increasing industrial areas today. A microstrip antenna is a popular option due to its light-weight, compact volume, low production cost, and ability to operate at dual and triple frequencies. Microstrip antennas, on the other hand, suffer from a number of disadvantages. A fundamental disadvantage of microstrip patch antennas is their small bandwidth.
Impact of Device Parameters on the Modulation Characteristics of Temperature Dependent Quantum Cascade Lasers
Authors: Ashok P. , Madhan M. Ganesh
Published: July 2023

This study examines the effect of device parameters on the transient and steady-state dynamics. In addition, the device's analogue modulation properties are thoroughly examined. Under various cold finger temperature circumstances, the parameters terminal voltage (V), spontaneous emission factor (SEF), number of stages (M), and mirror reflectivity (R) are modified to see how they affect device properties. To analyze modulation properties, such as bandwidth, maximum modulation depth and corresponding frequency, the device is operated by the haversine input current. According to the findings, the lasing activity is delayed when the cold finger temperature rises, thereby increasing the threshold current regardless of device parameter modification. When T=45K and 0.65A current are used, a maximum Modulation Depth (MD) of 18% is produced. The greatest bandwidth of 27GHz is obtained when the injected current is 1.05A at T=15K. The minimal frequency required to obtain maximal MD rises as current and cold finger temperatures rise.
Design and Analysis of Position Sensorless Brushless DC Motor Drive
Authors: Ramanujum K. , Saravanan K.K. , Harikrishnan P. , Kavitha R.J.
Published: July 2023

This paper presents the study of a position sensorless Brushless DC Motor drive. Back emf detection is proposed to avoid the conventional methodology of rotor position sensing. An equivalent mathematical model of a Brushless DC motor is developed to obtain various parameters required for more accurate control of the drive. The analysis of the modelled drive is performed through simulation results at various speed steps suitable for adjustable speed drive. The drive suggested with a PID controller, equivalent mathematical model and Back emf detection provides a quick and efficient steady state performance during speed changes. Hence, due to the advantages of compact size, Quick response and overcoming conventional position sensing-based drawbacks, this drive is very well-suited for adjustable speed applications.
Study of Physical and Chemical Properties of High Energy Storage Bio Polymer Materials
Authors: Sushita K. , Janaki N. , Ganesh E.N. , Shanmugasundaram N.
Published: July 2023

Some physico-chemical properties of hyperbranched poly([1,2,3]-triazol-[1,3,5]-triazine)s synthesized by thermal azide-alkyne cycloaddition of AB2 and A2B monomers were studied by DSC, TGA, SEC and other methods. Density, thermal stability, shock and friction sensitivity were determined. The combustion heat of monomers and polymers, which was also defined, was used to compute their heat. The thermodynamical compatibility of polymers with various plasticizers was investigated by the micro-interference method in the temperature range from 20°C to 100° C. The phase state diagrams were plotted based on the mutual solubility of polymers with plasticizer’s data. The interdiffusion coefficients were found in a wide range of temperatures and solution compositions of investigated systems. Hyperbranched poly([1,2,3]-triazole-[1,3,5]-triazine)s are the perfect building blocks for the creation of innovative energy materials because of their unique features.
Characteristics of Bridgeless Boost Converter Fed Bldcm and Improvement of Pf Under Different Loads
Authors: Swapna S. , Shanmugasundaram N.
Published: July 2023

This chapter describes the Power Factor Correction (PFC) Bridgeless (BL) Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive as a cost-effective solution for low-power applications. A BL configuration of the boost converter is proposed, which offers the elimination of the diode bridge rectifier, thus reducing the conduction losses associated with it. A PFC BL boost converter is designed to operate in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DICM) to provide an inherent PFC at mains by using the ANFIS-PID controller. The performance of the proposed drive is evaluated over a wide range of speed control and varying input supply voltages (universal mains at 90–230 V) with improved power quality at AC mains. The obtained power quality indices are within the acceptable limits of international power quality standards such as the IEC 61000-- -2. The performance of the proposed bridgeless boost converter fed BLDC motor drive is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The measured simulation results of THD are reduced to an optimum value of 2.51 for the 400V DC link. Also, the observed results are compared and used to improve the power factor unity according to the variation of the DC link voltage.
Modeling and Characterization of Carbon Nano Tube Nanocomposites
Authors: Janaki N. , Sushita K. , Wisemin Lins A.L. , Premila T.R.
Published: July 2023

The interfacial sliding motion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) within a polymeric hosting matrix gives rise to energy dissipation. By tuning the interfacial shear strength (ISS) of the CNT-matrix interface, the dissipation can take place within tunable ranges of strain amplitudes. This is the basis for conceiving new multilayered carbon nanotube nanocomposites in which different layers with tunable ISS can lead to a concurrent optimization of strength and dissipation, often seen as two conflicting targets. Such optimization is tackled by a novel meso-mechanical nonlinear inelastic model proven to effectively predict the damping capacity of CNT nanocomposites. The proposed elastoplastic, rate-independent, constitutive theory is based on the mean-field homogenization method which combines the Eshelby equivalent inclusion method, the Mori-Tanaka homogenization, and the concept of inhomogeneous inclusions with inelastic eigen strains introduced to describe the inelastic stick-slip. Since the ISS parameter plays a key role in the nanocomposite strength and dissipation, the current work seeks to improve the strength and damping properties by suitable interfacial CNT-matrix functionalization. Variations in the ISS parameter can be achieved by a functionalization that affects the chemical bonds between CNTs and the hosting matrix. A set of experimental tests - including DMA analysis, calorimetry and spectroscopy — aims to evaluate the influence of the ISS parameter, together with other constitutive parameters, on the nanocomposite strength and damping capacity.
Diseases of Pulp and Periradicular Tissues
Authors: Hugar Shivayogi , Sakhare Dhanashree , Chandra H. Sharath
Published: July 2023

The Dental pulp has remained a diagnostic enigma to the dental surgeon. While some dental pulps would react inadvertently even to the slightest injury, at other times highly resistant pulp tissue has regenerative properties even after extensive damage has been noted. However, most of the time clinicians can make a uniform decision about the status of the dental pulp with the help of clinical signs and symptoms and make a patient-centric treatment plan that can provide pain relief and restore the form and function of the tooth. A distinction needs to be made between acute and chronic inflammatory conditions of the pulp and between the reversibility or irreversibility of the pulpal changes so that appropriate vital or non-vital pulp therapies can be selected. It is also important to distinguish between inflammatory conditions and degenerative conditions of the pulp. While inflammation almost always requires intervention, changes like degenerative calcific changes may require observation and occasional intervention.
Endodontic Instruments and Irrigants
Authors: Reddy M.H. Raghunath , Chandra H. Sharath
Published: July 2023

Pulpectomy is the treatment of choice for pulpally involved deciduous teeth, which potentially eliminates inflamed or necrotic pulp, bacteria, and toxins, relieving pain and promoting periradicular healing by cleaning and shaping the root canals. Over the years, cleaning and shaping of the root canals are done by manual endodontic instruments like files and reamers which are still considered to be the gold standard. With the advent and advances in Nickel Titanium rotary files, rotary endodontic instruments have been widely used for cleaning and shaping the root canals in Pediatric Dentistry. Of rotary files is less time-consuming thereby reducing stress to both the child and the dentist, giving consistent and predictable results even in narrow and curved root canals due to superelasticity and shape memory of nickel-titanium alloy.
Traumatic Injuries to Anterior Teeth: Management of Trauma
Authors: Damle Satyawan , Jetpurwala Abdulkadeer M. , Sakhare Dhanashree
Published: July 2023

Management of traumatic dental injuries has remained a problem for the dental surgeons due to the wide range of clinical presentations and the unpredictable nature of the pulpal response. Combined with the anxiety and fear at the time of the trauma. Trauma also makes the children apprehensive about any treatment. The approach to the management of traumatic dental injuries, must be customized according to age, general vital signs, systemic conditions, growth potential, and type of trauma to the individual tooth or supporting structures. Each type of traumatic injury has a unique approach and the evidence for their management is updated from time to time. Hence it is important to keep the latest recommendations in mind while adhering to the traditional time-tested methods in the management of traumatic injuries in children.
Systemic Fluorides and Dental Health
Authors: Peter Joby , Chandra H. Sharath , Sakhare Dhanashree
Published: July 2023

Dental caries remains a significantly prevalent public health problem globally for both developing countries and deprived inhabitants in developed countries. The WHO Oral Health Programme persists in emphasizing the importance of public health methods for the effective use of fluorides in the prevention of dental caries. Early research and development were concerned with waterborne fluorides, both naturally occurring and their controlled addition, with emphasis on the effects of fluoridation on the prevalence and incidence of dental caries. More recently, systematic reviews summarizing these extensive databases have indicated that water fluoridation and fluoride toothpaste both substantially reduced dental caries. Fluoride must be present in the right place, namely in saliva and dental plaque at the right time to interfere with the tooth decay process. This process is a swing and balance affair between acid dissolution and remineralization of the tooth surfaces. In addition, in conditions where the incidence and prevalence of dental caries in the community are high to moderate, or when there are firm indications that the incidence of caries is increasing, a supplementary source of fluoride should be contemplated.
Extracção de Relações de Apoio e Oposição em Títulos de Notícias de Política em Português
Authors: Soares Batista David
Published: July 2023

Títulos de notícias de política relatam com frequência relações de apoio ou oposição entre personalidades, por exemplo: ``Marques Mendes critica estratégia de Rui Rio' ou ``Costa reafirma confiança em Centeno.'' Neste trabalho analisámos milhares de títulos arquivados, identificando os que expressam relações de apoio ou oposição e associando as personalidades políticas com o seu identificador na Wikidata, resultando assim num grafo semântico. O grafo permite responder a interrogações envolvendo personalidades políticas e partidos. Descrevemos o processo de geração do grafo e tornamo-lo disponível, assim como uma colecção de dados anotada manualmente, que permitiu treinar classificadores de aprendizagem supervisionada para identificar as relações expressas nos títulos e ligar as personalidades com a Wikidata.
Classificação da qualidade da argumentação em tweets no domínio da política brasileira
Authors: Cássio Faria da Silva  , Vânia Paula de Almeida Neris  , Helena de Medeiros Caseli
Published: July 2023

A argumentação é uma habilidade inerente à comunicação humana, tanto em situações orais quanto escritas. Argumentos bem fundamentados são importantes para amparar a tomada de decisões e aprendizado, assim como para a obtenção de conclusões amplamente aceitas. Como área de pesquisa, a argumentação é um campo multidisciplinar que estuda os processos de debate e raciocínio. Em linguística computacional, investigações têm sido realizadas para (i) identificar argumentos e suas unidades e (ii) gerar ou (iii) avaliar a qualidade dos argumentos. No entanto, a maioria dos trabalhos atuais se concentra na mineração de argumentos em textos formais em inglês. Neste artigo, foi avaliada a qualidade da argumentação em tweets de domínio político, escritos em português do Brasil, usando algoritmos tradicionais de aprendizado de máquina -- como Regressão Logística, K-Nearest Neighbors, Árvores de Decisão, Máquinas de Vetores Suporte (SVM), Floresta Aleatória e Naive Bayes -- e também um ajuste fino de dois modelos neurais (BERTimbau e RobertaTwitterBR). Além de trazer resultados práticos para a avaliação da qualidade da argumentação em um gênero textual desafiador, como o Twitter, e em um domínio controverso, como a política brasileira, este artigo também visa suprir a carência de trabalhos que avaliem automaticamente a qualidade dos argumentos em português. Dentre os algoritmos de classificação avaliados, o modelo obtido a partir do ajuste fino do BERTimbau apresentou os melhores resultados com uma precisão de 69,65\% quando foram consideradas todas as classes e de 100,00\% para as mensagens de alta qualidade de argumentação.
Avaliação no Desafio de Identificação de Personagens
Authors: Willrich Roberto , Santos Diana
Published: July 2023

A primeira edição do Desafio de Identificação de Personagens (DIP) foi uma avaliação conjunta de soluções computacionais para a identificação de personagens em textos literários, bem como a extração de características destas personagens e seus relacionamentos. Para esta avaliação, foi necessária a definição de uma metodologia de avaliação, incluindo a seleção de métricas adequadas ao problema da identificação de personagens em textos literários. Este artigo apresenta uma panorâmica de avaliação na área de identificação de personagens em textos literários, assim como as escolhas concretas que foram realizadas pela comissão organizadora do DIP. Estas escolhas resultaram na definição da metodologia de avaliação do DIP. O uso da metodologia de avaliação proposta é ilustrado pela avaliação da solução candidata submetida ao DIP. Ao final, são apresentadas críticas e sugestões de melhorias à metodologia de avaliação proposta.
Show and tell: Audience engagement in reporting on Covid-19 vaccination in data journalism-based media
Authors: Hasanah Khuswatun , Indah Sika Nur
Published: July 2023

Data journalism is a new genre in journalism that utilizes data visualization to engage the audience in news reporting. This engagement also provides certainty and minimizes the spread of misinformation regarding the COVID-19 vaccination policy in Indonesia. This study aims to explain how data journalism-based media, which is Katadata.co.id, communicates their news and embodies audience engagement through data visualization. The type of research is content analysis with quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. In quantitative data collection, 49 news titles were searched, which were the results of keyword discovery in January-March 2021 in the “Data Journalism” rubric of Katadata.co.id. The data were coded according to indicators from a multimodal perspective in the concept of ergodic work, which are static information graphs, non-interactive dynamic data visualizations, and interactive dynamic data visualizations. Furthermore, in the qualitative step, the data was analyzed in-depth to explore how Katadata.co.id communicated news about COVID-19 vaccination with the showing and telling models. As a result, the COVID-19 vaccination news on Katadata.co.id also involved the audience in communicating it. In reporting the news, Katadata.co.id uses narrative techniques, which is the instance of narrators technique to characterize the narrative through the presence of news writers, the sequentiality technique to show the movement from one event to another by sliding the pages, the temporal dimension technique to describe the changes over the time with the help of dynamic elements, and tellability techniques to describe the worth-presenting COVID-19 vaccination news.
The conventional media's political economy practices in the media convergence era: Case study of labor commodification in TV industry
Authors: Pembayun Estavita Chantik , Yuwono Ardian Indro
Published: July 2023

Technological developments provide benefits for the society in receiving information and entertainment. This has resulted many innovations made by the communication media industry players, one of which is NET. TV by conducting media convergence. Media convergence is a consequence caused by technological developments, which then affects competition in the media industry. Media convergence is gaining momentum in the communications industry, where digital technology is being used more than conventional one. Under the auspices of PT Net Visi Media, NET. TV has now looked at YouTube and over-the-top digital platforms. By looking at the transitions, this research was conducted with a critical paradigm by mapping the problems that occur related to vertical power relations, based on political economy theory of communication media by Vincent Mosco. Interview with NET. TV production team became the primary data, which was then analyzed descriptively. According to the characteristics coined by Vincent Mosco as an analytical tool, the result is NET. TV performs absolute and relative labor commodification during media convergence. Where the Tonight Show Premiere and Match Island production teams are required to be multitasking and work overtime without being paid.
Interplay health communication in new media in healthy living attitudes in Indonesia
Authors: Putri K. Y. S. , Kuswarno Engkus , Fathurahman Heri , Mutiara Praventyasar
Published: July 2023

Health communication has become important after two years of the world experiencing Covid 19. The quality of healthy life in the community is important. New media make good information about maintaining health. However, because of the long period of being in normal healthy conditions, many new media accounts provide incorrect health information. The research question is how effective is health communication in the content of its messages in the new media about health in the post-pandemic period against the healthy living attitudes of its followers? The purpose of the study was to find out health communication in the content of its messages in new media about health in the post-pandemic period towards the healthy living attitudes of its followers. The concepts of health communication, healthy living attitudes, and previous research support this research. Health communication has the dimensions of interpersonal communication and mass communication. A healthy life attitude has cognitive, affective, and conative dimensions. This research method uses quantitative by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The validity and reliability of the measuring instrument is valid and reliable so that it can be continued to the next statistical analysis. The results of descriptive research are of good value to all dimensions, both health communication variables and attitude variables. The analysis of the next two variables is that both have strong effectiveness. The interplay of both variables is considered strong according to the applicable standards according to some literature. This means that the effect of health communication in new media is effective in influencing the life attitudes of the Indonesian people. So the alternative hypothesis of this study is accepted, and the null hypothesis is rejected. The results of this study are related to previous studies. So that it can be utilized by subsequent research and health communication academics. Research suggestions can be developed from other theoretical perspectives and use other methods to enrich the development of health communication studies.
Функциональный преобразователь сигналов на основе композитного мультиферроика
Authors: Крутянский Л.М. , Преображенский В.Л.
Published: July 2023

С помощью численного и аналитического моделирования исследованы нелинейные передаточные характеристики преобразователя напряжения, реализуемые в стрейнтронной композитной структуре пьезоэлектрик-магнетик в области спиновой переориентации. Показано, что в критической точке спиновой переориентации передаточная характеристика имеет вид обращенной сигмоиды. С ослаблением намагничивающего поля характеристика трансформируется в обратимую гистерезисную петлю. При импульсном воздействии реализуется пороговый эффект генерации импульса обратной полярности с последующим восстановлением исходного состояния системы. Под действием последовательности коротких импульсов, критической по времени воздействия, происходит переключение системы между бистабильными спиновыми состояниями со сменой полярности выходного напряжения. Качественно различные функции нелинейного преобразования напряжения реализуются в одной структуре за счет управления напряженностью намагничивающего поля и параметрами входных сигналов. Ключевые слова: структура пьезоэлектрик-магнетик, передаточная характеристика, нелинейность, пороговые переключения.
El Efecto de bioaditivos en indicadores bioproductivos de cobayas (Cavia porcellus) nulíparas y sus crías
Authors: Miranda-Yuquilema José E , Taboada-Pico Juan , Briñez-Briñez Wilfido
Published: July 2023

Objective. To evaluate the effect of biopreparations obtained from agroindustrial by-products fermented with lactic acid bacteria and yeasts on the bioproductive behavior of primiparous guinea pigs and their offspring. Materials and methods. A total of 40 nulliparous guinea pigs were used, with 125 d of age, 1450 g of live weight, distributed in four groups of 10 animals each. T1, Control (basal diet without additive); T2, substrate fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus. T3, substrate fermented with Kluyveromyces fragilis and T4, substrate fermented with L. acidophillus and K. fragilis. A completely randomized design was used where weight gain during pregnancy, age at first delivery, percentage of fertility, conception index, health, and values ​​of hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume were evaluated. Results. Weight gain during pregnancy was greater (P <0.05) in T4; the age at first delivery was reduced (P <0.05) in Treatment 4; the fertility percentage and the conception index were better (P <0.05) in the animals that consumed the T4 biopreparation, the occurrence of diarrhea was lower (P <0.05) in the T4 group. Hematological values ​​ware improved in all groups that consumed biopreparations. Conclusions. The use of agroindustrial substrates fermented with L. acidophilus and K. fragilis improved the productive and reproductive indicators in primiparous guinea pigs. In addition, it intervenes in the improvement of health and hematological values.
Correlación de biomarcadores de función renal en el primer acercamiento diagnóstico de la enfermedad renal crónica en perros
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Alicia Pamela , Perini-Perera Sofía , Del-Angel-Caraza Javier , Quijano-Hernández Israel Alejandro
Published: July 2023

Objetivo. Determinar la correlación de los biomarcadores de funcionamiento renal en la primera evaluación en perros con diferentes factores de riesgo identificados para desarrollar enfermedad renal crónica (ERC). Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo de casos y controles de 388 animales, divididos en cinco grupos: grupo control (GC), y cuatro grupos de perros potencialmente enfermos renales (pERC). Se analizaron historia clínica, examen físico, condición corporal (CC), hemograma, perfil bioquímico con dimetilaginina simétrica (SDMA), urianálisis, ratio proteinuria/creatininuria (UPC) y medición de presión arterial sistémica. Se utilizó estadística no paramétrica y los datos fueron expresados en medianas y percentiles; para la CC se utilizó Xi2. Para los biomarcadores se realizó correlación de Spearman. Resultados. Para SDMA y la creatinina sérica (CrS) se observó una correlación moderada para pERC (r = 0.69, p ˂ 0.001). Se observaron diferencias significativas en las variables edad (p = 0.002), y CC (p ˂ 0.001) entre el GC y los pERC. Los animales azotemia leve (CrS 125-250 mmol/L) y/o con un valor de SDMA de 18-35 mg/dL, con o sin proteinuria tuvieron una mayor probabilidad de presentar un incremento de SDMA cuando se presentó una CC por debajo de 5/9 (OR = 3.55, p = 0.005). Conclusiones. El SDMA es un biomarcador complementario útil en etapas preazotémicas y en estadios avanzados donde existen caquexia y sarcopenia. Los biomarcadores deben evaluarse en conjunto para tener perspectiva completa de la función renal en los animales con factores de riesgo para desarrollar ERC.
Detection and characterization of chicken anemia virus in Colombia
Authors: Folleco-Villarreal Elizabeth Lucia , Piedrahita Diego , Usme-Ciro José A. , Ramírez-Nieto Gloria Consuelo , Chaparro-Gutiérrez Jenny Jovana
Published: July 2023

Objective. identify the presence of chicken anemia virus (CAV) in poultry farms and backyard chickens from Antioquia, Colombia. Materials and Methods. Blood and feather samples were taken from laying chickens; in each farm, three birds of six different ages (1, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days old) were chosen randomly. Backyard chicken samples were also obtained near the research farms. We used serology and molecular techniques to analyze the samples. Results. By PCR, the 84% of the birds were positive in whole blood and 66% were positive in feather samples. The 60% of backyard chickens tested were positive in blood and 40% in feather follicle. By serology, the 22% of the poultry farm birds presented high antibody titers and 19% moderate antibody titers. In the backyard chickens, 43% of them presented high antibody titers and 29% moderate antibody titers. In addition, results from the RFLP test and sequencing showed that the circulating virus found in this study was different from the Cux-1 vaccine strain used in Colombia. Conclusions. CAV is present in Colombia in both commercial and backyard chickens. According to the findings, a high percentage of the birds tested positive for viral detection, whereas the number of birds that tested positive for antibodies was low. Thus, the characteristics of the circulating virus need to be determined to explain the antibody response observed in this study.
Perfil bioquímico hepático en cuyes alimentados con la inclusión de harina de pisonay (Erythrina edulis)
Authors: Ramos Zuñiga Ruth , Cárdenas-Villanueva Ludwing A
Published: July 2023

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto del porcentaje de inclusión y edad de rebrote de harina de hojas de Erythrina edulis en la respuesta de los metabolitos hepáticos de cuyes en el valle interandino de Abancay. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizó 10 cuyes machos mejorados asignados a cada dieta experimental que contenía 10, 20 y 30% de inclusión por 4, 8 y 12 meses de edad de rebrote y una dieta control con 20% de harina de alfalfa. A los 56 días se recolectaron muestras de sangre con finalidad de determinar los metabolitos hepáticos: proteína total, albumina, bilirrubina total, aminotransferasas, fosfatasa alcalina y gamma-glutamil transpeptidasa. Resultados. Los niveles séricos de la albumina, bilirrubina total, aminotransferasas y gamma-glutamil transpeptidasa fueron diferentes al grupo control (p<0.05). La proteína total y albumina (6.0 y 3.0 mg/dl) fueron mayores a los 12 meses en relación a ocho (5.8 y 2.8 mg/dl) y cuatro (5.6 y 2.8 mg/dl) meses de edad de rebrote; la bilirrubina total disminuyó hasta 0.1 mg/dl al incrementarse la edad de rebrote (p<0.05). La alanina y aspartato aminotransferasa disminuyeron por efecto de la edad de rebrote (54.0 a 34.5 UI/L; 80.7 a 56.9 UI/L, respectivamente) y el porcentaje de inclusión (46.7 a 35.8 UI/L; 75.5 a 57.7 UI/L, respectivamente) (p<0.05). La bilirrubina total disminuyó de 0.2 a 0.1 mg/dl al incrementarse el porcentaje de inclusión. Conclusiones. Los metabolitos hepáticos de cuyes mostraron variabilidad en la bilirrubina total y aminotransferasas por efecto de la inclusión y edad de rebrote de la harina de pisonay.
Gestión poblacional canina y felina en el marco One Welfare: Una mirada retrospectiva Bogotá 2004 a 2021
Authors: Estepa-Becerra José Alexander , Cajiao-Pachón María N. , Monsalve-Barrero Stefany
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Analizar la gestión poblacional de perros y gatos en Bogotá entre 2004 y 2020 en el marco “One Welfare”. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que incluye análisis de intervenciones públicas y privadas relacionada con esterilizaciones, adopciones y sacrificio de animales de compañía, discriminando por localidad, especie, género y actor (público o privado), la información disponible se organizó empleando Excel®, con análisis descriptivo y resultados expresados en frecuencias, proporciones y tasas. Resultados: Entre 2004 y 2020 se esterilizaron 680.000 gatos y perros por el sector público y 157.000 privado, se adoptaron 21.450 a través del programa de adopción distrital, se sacrificaron 95.000 animales de los cuales el 8% fueron gatos, hasta después del año 2005 los gatos fueron incluidos en las estimaciones poblacionales y después de 2014 se capta información de particulares (esterilización) quienes aportaron el 25% del total de intervenciones. Conclusiones: El crecimiento poblacional de animales demanda atención sanitaria, policiva y ambiental, debiendo mantenerse su gestión ética, aunque complementado con acciones sobre diversas fuentes donde se originan los animales; el enfoque One Welfare es derrotero, reconoce interconexiones entre bienestar animal, humano y ambiente y facilita la colaboración interdisciplinaria para mejorar su bienestar, además complementa y dialoga con One Health. Este estudio aporta pues organiza y compara las estadísticas de gestión disponibles siendo insumo para tomadores de decisión y comunidad interesada.
Influencia de la castración en la composición química de la carne de alpacas (Vicugna pacos)
Authors: Coila-Añasco Pedro U. , Ruelas-Calloapaza Domingo A. , Sánchez-Herencia Diana , Olaguivel-Flores César A. , Coila-Coaquira Kelly A.
Published: July 2023

Objetivo. Determinar la influencia de la castración bilateral de alpacas jóvenes sobre la composición centesimal y el contenido de colesterol en tejido muscular de cinco regiones anatómicas. Materiales y métodos. Se seleccionaron 20 animales machos, de 1.5 años de edad, de raza Huacaya, formándose dos grupos de 10 animales: experimental y control. Los del grupo experimental fueron sometidos a castración bilateral y los del grupo control permanecieron “enteros”. Después de seis meses, todos los animales fueron beneficiados y se tomaron muestras de tejido muscular de cinco regiones anatómicas: cuello, brazo, costillar, lomo y pierna. La humedad se determinó por desecación en estufa hasta peso constante, la grasa total por el método de Soxhlet, la proteína bruta por el método Kjeldahl, las cenizas por calcinación en mufla a 550˚C y el colesterol por el método colorimétrico previa extracción de grasas con cloroformo/metanol (2:1). Resultados. El contenido de grasa es superior en los castrados (2.28%) que en los enteros (1.82%) (P≤0.01) y varía entre las distintas regiones anatómicas (P≤0.05); la humedad es mayor en enteros (76.14%) que en castrados (75.45%) (P≤0.01), pero similar entre las distintas las regiones anatómicas (P>0.05); no hay diferencias en cuanto al contenido de proteínas, cenizas y colesterol (P>0.05), siendo el promedio de 20.39%, 1.13% y 55.56 mg/100 g, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Se evidenció que existe cierto efecto de la castración sobre la composición centesimal de la carne de alpaca de machos jóvenes al incrementar el contenido graso y disminuir la humedad.