bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and outcome in dogs with recurrent massive hepatocellular carcinoma: A Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology case–control study
Authors: Lapsley Janis M. , Wavreille Vincent , Barry Sabrina , Dornbusch Josephine A. , Chen Carolyn , Leeper Haley , Bertran Judith , Scavelli Diane , Liptak Julius M. , Wood Chris , Shamir Shelly , Rosenbaum Claire , Montinaro Vincenzo , Wustefeld‐Janssens Brandan , Sterman Allyson , Chik Colin , Singh Ameet , Collins Josh , Selmic Laura E.
Published: April 2022

Local recurrence after surgical excision of canine massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been poorly studied in veterinary medicine with scant information published regarding risk factors for and outcome following recurrence. The aim of this case–control study was to describe the time to recurrence, evaluate potential risk factors for recurrence, and report the outcome in dogs with massive HCC. Medical records for 75 dogs who developed recurrence and 113 dogs who did not develop recurrence were reviewed. Statistical analyses were performed to determine risk factors for recurrence as well as the median time to develop recurrence and overall survival time (OS). None of the risk factors evaluated were significant for the development of recurrence. The median time to develop recurrence was 367 days (range 32–2096 days). There was no significant difference in median OS for dogs who developed recurrence vs. those who did not (851 vs. 970 days). For dogs with recurrent HCC, treatment at recurrence trended toward prolonged OS but was not significantly different from dogs not undergoing treatment at recurrence. There was no significant difference in median OS for dogs with histologically complete vs. incomplete tumour excision (990 vs. 903 days). Although specific risk factors for recurrence were not identified, elevations in liver values were noted in patients with recurrent disease and could act as a noninvasive surveillance tool. Recurrence was noted earlier in dogs who had routine post‐operative surveillance (228 vs. 367 days). Routine surveillance for recurrence is recommended especially in dogs where further intervention is possible and should extend beyond 1 year. Patients with massive HCC have a good long‐term prognosis regardless of incomplete excision, pulmonary metastasis, or recurrent local disease.
Técnicas Teatrais na Formação em Direitos Humanos no Brasil: Mimese, Performance e a Construção Pedagógica do Estado Democrático de Direito
Authors: Capella Giannattasio Arthur Roberto , De Leão Bastos Pereira Flávio , Monteiro Danese Paula
Published: April 2022

O uso de métodos participativos para o ensino de direito no Brasil tem sido objeto de diversas discussões nos últimos anos. A partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada em fontes primárias extraídas de uma observação participante, este texto relata e analisa experiências do uso de técnicas teatrais (mimese e performance) para ensinar os Direitos Humanos no Brasil. Os autores avaliam os limites e as possibilidades de utilizar tais estratégias pedagógicas interdisciplinares para promover o protagonismo estudantil nas Escolas de Direito brasileiras. A ideia é estabelecer um treinamento mais consciente, sensível, autônomo e participativo sobre a proteção internacional dos direitos humanos
As Políticas de Denúncia
Authors: Sanandres Luiza Barçante , Geraldo Pedro Heitor Barros
Published: April 2022

Neste artigo, a partir da observação do trabalho cotidiano dos promotores de justiça e da análise de documentos, analisamos as práticas de produção de decisões no Ministério Público do Estado do Pará, nos casos de embriaguez ao volante. Assim, buscamos refletir sobre as práticas de exercício do poder pelos operadores do direito a partir de uma sociologia política do direito no Brasil. A descrição permite compreender as formas pelas quais os promotores de justiça atribuem cotidianamente diferentes significados às regras jurídicas e analisar a maneira pela qual o que eles denominam “entendimentos” são constantemente objeto de disputas e de negociações. A partir da observação da produção das decisões pelos promotores, este artigo demonstra como os “entendimentos” sobre a imputação dos crimes e as consequências jurídicas se orientam de forma imprevisível na criminação de um mesmo fato. Na mesma instituição, existem interpretações e práticas dissensuais, que produzem diferentes decisões com efeitos práticos distintos. Nossa hipótese é que a existência de regras particularizadas de organização de trabalho descritas produz decisões e políticas de tratamento desigualados dos réus.
A Reclamação como Instrumento de Revisão dos Precedentes Vinculantes pelo Supremo Tribubal Federal
Authors: Oliveira Silva José Roberto de , Silva Jurema Costa de Oliveira
Published: April 2022

A reclamação foi inicialmente concebida com a finalidade de preservar a competência do Supremo Tribunal Federal e garantir a autoridade de suas decisões. Com a introdução do modelo de precedentes vinculantes, o aludido instituto também assumiu o papel de assegurar a correta aplicação prospectiva de sua ratio decidendi, o que foi consolidado por meio do Código de Processo Civil de 2015, em seu artigo 988, III e IV. Além das hipóteses previstas no ordenamento jurídico pátrio, a Corte Suprema, em seus julgados, tem também reconhecido a possibilidade de a reclamação ser utilizada como instrumento da jurisdição constitucional, de modo que é possível, por meio dela, definir o alcance da ratio decidendi dos precedentes ou até mesmo superar o entendimento então firmado. Considerando que a competência para processar e julgar a reclamação, no âmbito do STF, deixou de ser de seu Plenário e passou a ser das suas Turmas, após a reforma de seu Regimento Interno pela Emenda Regimental nº 49/2014 - antes, portanto, da entrada em vigor do CPC/2015 -, o presente trabalho destina-se a examinar os riscos dessa opção, sob a perspectiva da legitimidade desses órgãos fracionários para o desempenho de tal função, bem como o preocupante fenômeno do aumento do número de reclamações ajuizadas a cada ano no Supremo Tribunal Federal para essa finalidade e o impacto dessas decisões sobre os jurisdicionados, à luz do princípio da segurança jurídica.
Memórias Abolicionistas Sobre a Tortura no Brasil
Authors: Stanchi Malu , Pires Thula
Published: April 2022

O artigo assume o período escravagista como marco fundacional da tortura no Brasil. Nesta pesquisa, objetiva-se pensar, em uma perspectiva jurídica e histórica, a escravidão como laboratório através do qual foram forjadas práticas posteriores de uso da força pelo Estado e de constituição de políticas de (in)segurança pública que vitimizam, primordialmente, corpos e existências negras. Na tentativa de compreensão substantiva da operacionalização histórica da tortura pelo Estado brasileiro, adotou-se a lente analítica decolonial, com vistas ao adensamento crítico das discussões sobre as práticas de punição e castigo herdadas do regime colonial. Neste sentido, realizou-se pesquisa em fontes primárias documentais, por meio do mapeamento, levantamento e exame de periódicos dos oitocentos que trouxeram à baila a luta abolicionista e as denúncias de práticas de tortura perpetradas contra pessoas escravizadas. Empreendeu-se, ainda, a revisão bibliográfica, com vistas à contribuição para a disputa de sentidos em torno dos conceitos jurídicos de tortura, a partir de considerações históricas.
Les Choix Thérapeutiques Sous le Prisme du Juge Constitutionnel italien
Authors: Ciolli Ines
Published: April 2022

SOMMAIRE: 1 Introduction; 2 Le concept de “choix therapeutique”; 3 La liberte du medecin et la limite budgetaire; 4 La liberte de choix du patient; 5 Le droit de ne pas etre soigne et le devoir des autres de respecter la decision. Les limites a cette liberte; 6 Les choix therapeutiques comme “norme technique” qui peuvent etre utilises comme parametre par le juge constitutionnel; 7 Esquisse conclusif; References.
Morte do Almirante José Prudencio Padilla:
Authors: Múnera Cavadía Alfonso
Published: April 2022

O artigo investiga as razões do assassinato do líder patriota e almirante José Prudencio Padilla. Ao analisar cartas de Simón Bolívar, Francisco de Paula Santander, Mariano Montilla e Padilla, aponta-se como a morte do almirante é o clímax dos conflitos raciais que estão na gênese do estado-nação colombiano. Com isso, propõe uma leitura alternativa das independências latino-americanas, na qual a “raça” é elemento decisivo.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Colômbia; José Prudencio Padilla; racismo
Escravidão na Era da Emancipação:
Authors: D. Butler Kim
Published: April 2022

A trajetória da escravidão para a liberdade é geralmente contada de forma linear, mas para milhares de negros nas Américas, as últimas décadas do século XIX foram uma época de expansão da escravidão. No Brasil, o comércio interno de escravizados deslocou mais de 200.000 pessoas das plantações do nordeste para a região centro-sul, onde a agricultura comercial de café rapidamente se tornava o principal setor de exportação do país. Cada vez mais, estudiosos têm discutido os modos pelos quais descendentes de africanos se tornavam agentes de sua liberdade no mundo atlântico, no entanto, tal agência é menos visível para as vítimas do tráfico interno.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Brasil; escravidão; abolição.
Depositional and diagenetic controls on the mechanical properties of rocks in the Monterey Formation of the Santa Maria Basin, California
Authors: Dunham John B.
Published: April 2022

The Monterey Formation of Central and Southern California has produced billions of barrels of oil since the early 1900s. The Monterey Formation in the Santa Maria Basin is a tectonically fractured reservoir, meaning that the fractures formed through natural geologic processes; they are not human-generated artifacts. Open natural fractures provide the effective porosity for oil storage and the permeability pathways through which oil flows from rocks to wells. Monterey strata are notable for a diverse range of lithologies characterized by contrasts in texture and composition. Not all Monterey rock types contain natural fractures.

Structural geologists applied the concepts of mechanical stratigraphy to the Monterey Formation to explain fracture variability. Hard rocks, including chert, porcelanite, and dolostone, contain extensive open-fracture systems, while softer lithologies like siliceous mudstone and organic-rich mudstone have few or no open fractures. However, the words “hard and soft” or “strong and weak” are inexact and subject to interpretation. This report constrains these qualitative descriptions by using engineering-geology data to associate rock properties with quantitative measurements of rock mechanical strength.
Recalcitrant digital calcinosis cutis successfully treated with intralesional sodium thiosulfate under digital nerve blockade
Authors: Le Quynh , Robinson Aaron , Stevens Wendy , Li Jane
Published: April 2022

Dystrophic calcinosis cutis can be associated with severe pain, decreased mobility, increased risk of infection and significantly decreased quality of life. We report a case of recalcitrant calcinosis cutis on the background of eosinophilic fasciitis, which achieved rapid reduction in calcium deposits following a novel injecting protocol of intralesional sodium thiosulfate.
Prevalence of polypharmacy in community-dwelling older adults from seven centres in five European countries: a cross-sectional study of DO-HEALTH
Authors: de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino Caroline , Chocano-Bedoya Patricia O , Sadlon Angélique , Theiler Robert , Orav John E , Vellas Bruno , Rizzoli Rene , Kressig Reto W , Kanis John A , Guyonnet Sophie , Lang Wei , Egli Andreas , Bischoff-Ferrari Heike A.
Published: April 2022

Objective

To investigate the prevalence of polypharmacy and characteristics associated with polypharmacy in older adults from seven European cities.

Design

Cross-sectional study of baseline data from DO-HEALTH.

Setting and participants

DO-HEALTH enrolled 2157 community-dwelling adults age 70 and older from seven centres in Europe. Participants were excluded if they had major health problems or Mini-Mental State Examination Score <24 at baseline.

Primary outcome measures

Extensive information on prescription and over-the-counter medications were recorded. Polypharmacy was defined as the concomitant use of five or more medications, excluding vitamins or dietary supplements. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association of sociodemographic factors (age, sex, years of education, living situation and city) and health-related indicators (number of comorbidities, cognitive function, frailty status, body mass index (BMI), prior fall, self-rated health and smoking status) with polypharmacy.

Results

27.2% of participants reported polypharmacy ranging from 16.4% in Geneva to 60.8% in Coimbra. In the multivariable logistic regression analyses, older age (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.10), greater BMI (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.12) and increased number of comorbidities (OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.92 to 2.36) were associated with polypharmacy. Women were less likely to report polypharmacy than men (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.84). In comparison to participants from Zurich, participants from Coimbra were more likely to report polypharmacy (OR 2.36; 95% CI 1.56 to 3.55), while participants from Geneva or Toulouse were less likely to report polypharmacy ((OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.22 to 0.59 and OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.96), respectively). Living situation, smoking status, years of education, prior fall, cognitive function, self-rated health and frailty status were not significantly associated with polypharmacy.

Conclusion

Polypharmacy is common among relatively healthy older adults, with moderate variability across seven European cities. Independent of several confounders, being a woman, older age, greater BMI and greater number of comorbidities were associated with increased odds for polypharmacy.

Trial registration number

NCT01745263.
Does experiencing a traumatic life event increase the risk of intimate partner violence for young women? A cross-sectional analysis and structural equation model of data from theStepping Stones and Creating Futuresintervention in South Africa
Authors: Mannell Jenevieve , Minckas Nicole , Burgess Rochelle , Chirwa Esnat D , Jewkes Rachel , Gibbs Andrew
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To investigate associations and potential pathways between women’s lifetime exposure to traumatic events and their recent experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV).

Setting

South African informal settlements near Durban.

Participants

677 women, living in informal settlements, aged 18–30 years, currently out of school or formal employment.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Self-reported experiences of IPV in the past 12 months and exposure to traumatic neighbourhood events (including witnessing murder, being robbed or kidnapped, witnessing and experiencing rape).

Results

Exposure to traumatic events was common among the 677 women surveyed. Over 70% had experienced at least one in their lifetime; one quarter (24%) had experienced 3 or more different events. Women exposed to any traumatic event had a 43% increase in the odds of experiencing IPV in comparison to those with no exposure (aOR 1.43, p≤0.000). Exposure to non-partner rape is more strongly associated with IPV than any other traumatic experience. Pathways from exposure to traumatic events and non-partner rape to recent IPV experience are mediated by a latent variable of poor mental health. Food insecurity is associated with all forms of traumatic experience, and is also indirectly associated with IPV through views by women that are unsupportive of gender equality.

Conclusions

Women living in South African informal settlements who witness or experience traumatic events were likely to experience IPV, and this increases when women were exposed to multiple types of events. Our model suggests that experiencing traumatic events, and non-partner rape in particular, has negative effects on women’s mental health in ways that may increase their vulnerability to IPV. IPV prevention interventions should consider the broader impacts of women’s exposure to neighbourhood violence and severe poverty on IPV risk in settings where these are endemic.

Trial registration number

NCT03022370; post-results.
Biometric palm vein authentication of psychiatric patients for reducing in-hospital medication errors: a pre–post observational study
Authors: Sawa Minoru , Inoue Tomomi , Manabe Shinichi
Published: April 2022

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate a biometric palm vein authentication system to prevent medication administration errors in psychiatric hospitals.

Design

This is a pre–post observational study.

Setting

Conventionally, the medication was distributed after a double check. We developed and introduced a new medication administration cart in two psychiatric hospitals in Japan, in which each patient-specific drug box had to be electronically opened only by palm vein authentication.

Participants

A total of 3444 and 3523 patients were present 18 months before and after introducing the cart, respectively. Of the 212 nurses recruited, 28 were excluded due to a lack of experience with the conventional medication administration system and incomplete questionnaires.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The primary outcome was the efficacy of this system by comparing the incidence of medication administration errors before and after introducing the cart. The secondary outcome was a survey regarding nurses’ attitudes toward this system.

Results

After introduction of the new system, the number of medication errors due to misidentification of persons relative to the total number of admitted patients was significantly reduced from 6/3444 to 2/3523 (p<0.0001). Among 184 nurses, 182 responded that anxiety regarding administration errors was either reduced or unchanged using this system. Male nurses reported a greater increase in work burden than female nurses (OR=3.11, 95% CI=1.44 to 6.72). Nurses working in chronic care wards reported greater time pressure than nurses working in emergency wards (OR=3.33, 95% CI=1.16 to 9.57). Nurses working in dementia care wards reported a greater patient care burden than nurses working in emergency wards (OR=5.67, 95% CI=1.22 to 26.27).

Conclusions

This new system might have potential for reducing the patient misidentification risk during medication without increasing the anxiety experienced by nurses concerning administration errors. However, system usability and efficiency must be improved to reduce additional work burden, time pressure and patient care burden.
Checklists to reduce diagnostic error: a systematic review of the literature using a human factors framework
Authors: Al-Khafaji Jawad , Townshend Ryan F , Townsend Whitney , Chopra Vineet , Gupta Ashwin
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To apply a human factors framework to understand whether checklists to reduce clinical diagnostic error have (1) gaps in composition; and (2) components that may be more likely to reduce errors.

Design

Systematic review.

Data sources

PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science were searched through 15 February 2022.

Eligibility criteria

Any article that included a clinical checklist aimed at improving the diagnostic process. Checklists were defined as any structured guide intended to elicit additional thinking regarding diagnosis.

Data extraction and synthesis

Two authors independently reviewed and selected articles based on eligibility criteria. Each extracted unique checklist was independently characterised according to the well-established human factors framework: Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety 2.0 (SEIPS 2.0). If reported, checklist efficacy in reducing diagnostic error (eg, diagnostic accuracy, number of errors or any patient-related outcomes) was outlined. Risk of study bias was independently evaluated using standardised quality assessment tools in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

Results

A total of 30 articles containing 25 unique checklists were included. Checklists were characterised within the SEIPS 2.0 framework as follows: Work Systems subcomponents of Tasks (n=13), Persons (n=2) and Internal Environment (n=3); Processes subcomponents of Cognitive (n=20) and Social and Behavioural (n=2); and Outcomes subcomponents of Professional (n=2). Other subcomponents, such as External Environment or Patient outcomes, were not addressed. Fourteen checklists examined effect on diagnostic outcomes: seven demonstrated improvement, six were without improvement and one demonstrated mixed results. Importantly, Tasks-oriented studies more often demonstrated error reduction (n=5/7) than those addressing the Cognitive process (n=4/10).

Conclusions

Most diagnostic checklists incorporated few human factors components. Checklists addressing the SEIPS 2.0 Tasks subcomponent were more often associated with a reduction in diagnostic errors. Studies examining less explored subcomponents and emphasis on Tasks, rather than the Cognitive subcomponents, may be warranted to prevent diagnostic errors.
Exemplars in vaccine delivery protocol: a case-study-based identification and evaluation of critical factors in achieving high and sustained childhood immunisation coverage in selected low-income and lower-middle-income countries
Authors: Bednarczyk Robert A , Hester Kyra A , Dixit Sameer M , Ellis Anna S , Escoffery Cam , Kilembe William , Micek Katie , Sakas Zoë M , Sarr Moussa , Freeman Matthew C
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Increases in global childhood vaccine delivery have led to decreases in morbidity from vaccine-preventable diseases. However, these improvements in vaccination have been heterogeneous, with some countries demonstrating greater levels of change and sustainability. Understanding what these high-performing countries have done differently and how their decision-making processes will support targeted improvements in childhood vaccine delivery.

Methods and analysis

We studied three countries—Nepal, Senegal, Zambia—with exemplary improvements in coverage between 2000 and 2018 as part of the Exemplars in Global Health Programme. We apply established implementation science frameworks to understand the ‘how’ and ‘why’ underlying improvements in vaccine delivery and coverage. Through mixed-methods research, we will identify drivers of catalytic change in vaccine coverage and the decision-making process supporting these interventions and activities. Methods include quantitative analysis of available datasets and in-depth interviews and focus groups with key stakeholders in the global, national and subnational government and non-governmental organisation space, as well as community members and local health delivery system personnel.

Ethics and dissemination

Working as a multinational and multidisciplinary team, and under oversight from all partner and national-level (where applicable) institutional review boards, we collect data from participants who provided informed consent. Findings are disseminated through a variety of forms, including peer-reviewed manuscripts related to country-specific case studies and vaccine system domain-specific analyses, presentations to key stakeholders in the global vaccine delivery space and narrative dissemination on the Exemplars.Health website.
Gini coefficient decomposition-based and mortality-rate-difference-based description of mortality causes in the Chinese population from 1991 to 2019: a retrospective cross-sectional surveillance study
Authors: Ai Feiling , Wan Xia
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Improved national Disease Surveillance Points systems (DSPs) in China have clarified mortality causes in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the variations and drivers of multiple mortality causes.

Design

This was a retrospective cross-sectional surveillance study.

Setting

Original data in 1991 and 2000, and secondary data in 2010 and 2019 were collected from DSPs across China.

Participants

Standardised mortality rates (SMRs) and crude mortality rates (CMRs) of the Chinese population in 1991, 2000, 2010 and 2019 were ascertained.

Main outcome measures

Changes in the Gini coefficients (G), computed using SMR, were decomposed into reranking (R) and proportionality (P) to identify variations in communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional diseases (CMNN); non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and injury. The CMR difference (in %) was partitioned into the demographic structure and non-demographic factors using the mortality-rate-difference method.

Results

From 1991 to 2019, the overall CMR increased from 591.327/100 000 to 674.505/100 000, whereas the SMR continually decreased. An increasing concentration of NCDs contributed to the increased all-cause G from 0.443 to 0.560 during 1991–2019. Between 1991 and 2019, compared with CMNN (R=0.054) and NCDs (R=0.037), the ranking of injury changed the most (R=0.174). The ranking of diabetes, falls and road traffic accidents increased markedly over time. The decreased SMR of NCDs (P=−0.013) was mainly due to low-ranking causes, whereas changes in CMNN (P=0.003) and injury (P=0.131) were due to high-ranking causes. All-cause CMR increased by 14.06% from 1991 to 2019 due to greater contributions from the demographic structure (68.46%) than the non-demographic factors (−54.40%). Demographic structural changes accounted more for CMR increases in males (70.52%) and urban populations (75.58%).

Conclusions

Prevention and control measures targeting NCDs and specific causes are imperatively needed, and should be strengthened as the population ages, especially for males and rural populations.
Influence of S and Se doping on the electronic characteristic and optical properties of T-carbon by first-principles calculation
Authors: Lu Xuefeng , Zhang Yongxiang , Guo Xin , Ren Junqiang , Xue Hongtao , Tang Fuling
Published: April 2022

Exploring the next generation of invincible energy materials with fascinating properties is vital in the challenge of energy crisis. In this paper, we extract T-carbon as a potential candidate and have an insight into the electronic and optical properties by means of first principles. It is found that S1 position doping system is relatively more stable with the formation energy of 0.323 eV, and has the smallest bandgap value of 1.228 eV. Charge density difference maps show that the electron loss is obvious near the S atom and the covalent bond is weakened. The population analysis shows that the S atom will obtain electrons through competition, while the Se atom will lose electrons. Additionally, the peak values of [Formula: see text]2 in the doped systems decrease significantly, especially for S2 doping system, indicating that S2 doping can effectively improve the service life in related devices. Compared with the instinct system, the absorption coefficient is lower in the UV region and greater in the visible region. The peak of energy loss spectrum reduces after doping, especially for Se1 doping. The results provide a theoretical basis for the industrial application of T-carbon in the energy microdevice fields.
Sub-10 pA/V Transconductance Amplifier Using 0.9 V, 32 nm Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor
Authors: Tripathi S. K. , Joshi Amit M.
Published: April 2022

This paper attempts to propose a pico-A/V transconductance amplifier using carbon nanotube-FETs. It presents a [Formula: see text] reduction technique which depends on the gain factor of the amplifier. The transconductance of 2.59 pico-A/V is achieved with the linear range of 766.8[Formula: see text]mV.
An Underground Abnormal Behavior Recognition Method Based on an Optimized Alphapose-ST-GCN
Authors: Shi Xiaonan , Huang Jian , Huang Bo
Published: April 2022

Due to the complex underground environment of coal mines, the unsafe behaviors of miners are likely to lead safety accidents. Therefore, research on underground abnormal behavior recognition methods based on video images is gradually gaining attention. This paper proposes an underground abnormal behavior recognition method based on an optimized Alphapose-ST-GCN. First, an image set captured in underground monitoring video is defogged and enhanced by the CycleGAN. Second, the Alphapose target detection is optimized using the LTWOA-Tiny-YOLOv3 model. Third, the ST-GCN is used for abnormal behavior recognition. The image quality of the dataset before and after a CycleGAN enhancement is compared, the convergence curves of LTWOA under four test functions are compared, and the mean average accuracy mAP of the LTWOA-Tiny-YOLOv3 model is evaluated. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is compared with other detection algorithms. The results show that CycleGAN significantly improves the quality of the dataset images. The whale optimization algorithm improved by the logistic-tent chaos mapping has a more significant convergence effect than the other optimization algorithms, and the LTWOA-Tiny-YOLOv3 model has a better recognition accuracy of 9.1% in mAP compared with the unoptimized model. The underground abnormal detection model proposed in this paper achieves an 82.3% accuracy on the coal mine underground behavior dataset.
How Does Consumer Privacy Affect Personalized Pricing? Analysis Based on Intertemporal Dynamic Game Model
Authors: Ma Biao , Wang Xuefen , Li Li
Published: April 2022

With the rapid development of e-commerce and big data technology, firms can increase profits by implementing personalized pricing for specific consumers. However, this is affected by the externality of consumer privacy. To address this problem, this study establishes an intertemporal dynamic game model. Switching costs, firms’ personalized pricing orientation costs, and consumer privacy costs are then introduced into the model, and the effect of consumer privacy on personalized pricing is analyzed. The results show that improving firms’ pricing accuracy will aggravate market price competition, reduce firms’ profits, and improve consumer surplus. Consumer switching costs make it impossible for a firm to poach the loyal consumers of a rival firm through unified pricing, but poaching can also be achieved through group pricing. However, if the pricing accuracy of both firms is improved through personalization, poaching will not occur. Switching costs enhance the effect of improved pricing accuracy on the profit loss of both firms. Firms’ personalized pricing orientation costs and consumer privacy costs enhance the effect of personalized pricing strategies. Our research provides decision-making reference for enterprise pricing strategy.
Low Power Squaring Circuit Using Single Voltage Differencing Buffered Amplifier
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , Pandey Rajeshwari
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a squaring circuit is proposed using a voltage differencing buffered amplifier (VDBA). The squaring circuit consists of a VDBA, two NMOS transistors and one resistor. The proposed structure facilitates easy cascading without any requirement of additional buffer. The behavior of the proposed structure is analyzed in the presence of nonidealities of VDBA and the corresponding mathematical formulations are also presented. The workability of the proposed circuit is verified through Cadence Virtuoso Analog Design Environment tool using 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m generic process design kit parameters. Both pre- and post-layout simulation results have been included to confirm the functionality of the proposed circuit. The 3-dB frequency of the proposed circuit using schematic and post-layout-driven simulations is observed to be 3.77 and 3.72[Formula: see text]MHz, respectively. The power consumption of the proposed squaring circuit is found to be 110[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W. The process, voltage and temperature (PVT) analysis has also been carried out to check the robustness of the proposed circuit. Total harmonic distortion for the entire input range is found to be less than 3%.
A Deep Neural Network-Based Method for Building a Professional Farmer Training Model
Authors: Jing Qiaosong
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we analyzed the deep neural network (DNN) model and proposed a DNN-based method to build the training model for professional farmers. This paper aims to construct the vocational farmer cultivation model and seek a better path for transforming farmers into new experienced farmers by analyzing each training body involved in the cultivation of vocational farmers and studying their respective problems and reasons. The conceptual and logical structures of the system database were designed, and MySQL was selected for database implementation to complete the information of professional farmers. The system network topology and logical architecture are created, and the functions of view, control, business logic and data access layers are divided. This paper combines the DNN with the vocational farmer training enhancement decision tree. The experimental results of this model are most intuitive and accurate. This paper reconstructs the neural network model using the global average pooling layer to better model the vocational farmer training model to replace the fully connected layer in the original convolutional neural network. At the same time, to make the network model produce a lower probability of overfitting, a dropout layer is added to the layer after the fully connected layer to improve the efficiency of the neural network further to enhance vocational farmer training. The experimental content of this paper provides a new research direction for the estimation of vocational farmer cultivation. The above modeling is used to improve the vocational farmer cultivation model and accelerate the process of vocational farmer cultivation.
Time-fractional Moore–Gibson–Thompson equations
Authors: Kaltenbacher Barbara , Nikolić Vanja
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we consider several time-fractional generalizations of the Jordan–Moore–Gibson–Thompson (JMGT) equations in nonlinear acoustics as well as their linear Moore–Gibson–Thompson (MGT) versions. Following the procedure described in Jordan (2014), these time-fractional acoustic equations are derived from four fractional versions of the Maxwell–Cattaneo law in Compte and Metzler (1997). Additionally to providing well-posedness results for each of them, we also study the respective limits as the fractional order tends to one, leading to the classical third order in time (J)MGT equation.
All prime knots through 10 crossings have superbridge index ≤ 5
Authors: Shonkwiler Clayton
Published: April 2022

This paper gives new upper bounds on the stick numbers of the knots [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], as well as on the equilateral stick number of [Formula: see text]. These bounds imply that the knots [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] have superbridge index [Formula: see text], completing the project of showing that no prime knots through 10 crossings can have superbridge index larger than 5. The current best bounds on stick number and superbridge index for prime knots through 10 crossings are given in Appendix A.
Dynamical stability of an interacting quintessence with varying-mass dark matter particles in Lyra manifold
Authors: Mandal Goutam , Biswas Sujay Kr.
Published: April 2022

In the background dynamics of a spatially flat FLRW model of the universe, we investigate an interacting dark energy (DE) model in the context of Lyra’s geometry. Pressure-less dust is considered as dark matter, mass of which varies with time via scalar field in the sense that decaying of dark matter particles reproduces the scalar field. Here, quintessence scalar field is adopted as DE candidate which evolves in exponential potential. Mass of the dark matter particles is also considered to be evolved in exponential function of the scalar field. Cosmological evolution equations are studied in the framework of dynamical systems analysis. Dimension-less variables are chosen properly so that the cosmological evolution equations are converted into an autonomous system of ordinary differential equations. Linear stability is performed to find the nature of critical points by perturbing the system around the critical points in the phase-space. Classical stability is also executed by finding out the speed of sound. Dynamical systems explore several viable results which are physically interested in some parameter regions. Late-time scalar field-dominated attractors are found by critical points, corresponding to the accelerating universe. Scalar field-displacement vector field scaling solutions are realized that represent late-time decelerated universe. Dark energy-dark matter scaling solutions are also exhibited by critical points which correspond to accelerated attractors possessing similar order of energy densities of dark energy and dark matter, that provides the possible solutions of coincidence problem.
ELECTRICAL ANALYSIS OF SEMI-FLEXIBLE AND FLEXIBLE DSSCS: COMPARISON STUDY
Authors: ILDES C. , KANBUR CAVUS H.
Published: April 2022

In this study, semi-flexible dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and flexible DSSC are examined comparatively. First, TiO2 paste with HCl was prepared and flexible photoanodes were produced by coating this paste on the indium tin oxide-coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (ITO/PET) flexible substrates under the same conditions. These flexible photoanodes have been sensitized with Ruthenizer N719 dye at room temperature for 48[Formula: see text]h. The Pt was used as the back-electrode. The first back-electrode was fabricated for semi-flexible DSSC by spraying Pt on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). The second back-electrode was fabricated for flexible DSSC by coating Pt on ITO/PET using the chemical reduction method. The flexible photoanodes and Pt counter-electrodes have been combined. The photovoltaic performance of the semi-flexible DSSC was compared to the flexible DSSC.
MARTINGALE REPRESENTATIONS IN PROGRESSIVE ENLARGEMENT BY MULTIVARIATE POINT PROCESSES
Authors: CALZOLARI ANTONELLA , TORTI BARBARA
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we show that all local martingales with respect to the initially enlarged natural filtration of a vector of multivariate point processes can be weakly represented up to the minimum among the explosion times of the components. We also prove that a strong representation holds if any multivariate point process of the vector has almost surely infinite explosion time and discrete marks space. Then we provide a condition under which the components of the multidimensional local martingale driving the strong representation are pairwise orthogonal.
Illumination Invariance Adaptive Sidewalk Detection Based on Unsupervised Feature Learning
Authors: Zhiyu Wang , Weili Ding , Mingkui Wang
Published: April 2022

To solve the problem of road recognition when the robot is driving on the sidewalk, a novel sidewalk detection algorithm from the first-person perspective is proposed, which is crucial for robot navigation. The algorithm starts from the illumination invariance graph of the sidewalk image, and the sidewalk “seeds” are selected dynamically to get the sidewalk features for unsupervised feature learning. The final sidewalk region will be extracted by multi-threshold adaptive segmentation and connectivity processing. The key innovations of the proposed algorithm are the method of illumination invariance based on PCA and the unsupervised feature learning for sidewalk detection. With the PCA-based illumination invariance, it can calculate the lighting invariance angle dynamically to remove the impact of illumination and different brick colors’ influence on sidewalk detection. Then the sidewalk features are selected dynamically using the parallel geometric structure of the sidewalk, and the confidence region of the sidewalk is obtained through unsupervised feature learning. The proposed method can effectively suppress the effects of shadows and different colored bricks in the sidewalk area. The experimental result proves that the F-measure of the proposed algorithm can reach 93.11% and is at least 7.7% higher than the existing algorithm.
Pure-semisimplicity of the category of graded modules over graded artin algebras
Authors: Mahdavi Elham , Vahed Razieh
Published: April 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a [Formula: see text]-graded artin algebra. It is proved that the category of graded [Formula: see text]-modules is pure-semisimple if and only if there are only finitely many nonisomorphic indecomposable finitely generated graded [Formula: see text]-modules. As a consequence of this result together with a known result of Gordon and Green (which states that [Formula: see text] is of finite representation type if and only if there are only finitely many non-isomorphic indecomposable finitely generated graded [Formula: see text]-modules), we see that the category of all [Formula: see text]-modules is pure-semisimple if and only if the category of all graded [Formula: see text]-modules is so.
Social Noise and the Impact of Misinformation on COVID-19 Preventive Measures: Comparative Data Analysis Using Twitter Masking Hashtags
Authors: Alsaid Manar , Madali Nayana Pampapura
Published: April 2022

The widespread transmission of misinformation regarding the COVID-19 pandemic on social media has become a severe concern for various reasons such as containing the spread of the virus, taking preventive measures, and so on. According to the recent studies, misinformation and conspiracy theories spread on social media have hampered efforts to limit the infection, which has been exacerbated in some instances by politicians and celebrities. Misunderstandings about COVID-19 and wearing a mask sparked much debate. As time went on, a sizable portion of the population continued to refuse to wear masks, owing to extrinsic considerations, such as politics, ideology, personal views, and health concerns. In this study, we look at the concerns surrounding three Twitter hashtags (#masks, #maskup, and #maskoff) in order to understand better how social noise can lead to unintended misinformation. Sentiment analysis, topic modelling, and contextual analysis were used to compare and contrast two datasets relevant to these hashtags, one gathered in 2020 and the other in 2021. According to sentiment analysis, people’s emotions differed between hashtags, and the majority of tweets were based on social media users’ personal opinions. Topic modelling results revealed the prevalence of social noise leading to the unintended spread of misinformation on Twitter. The content analysis results show that while the #maskoff hashtag is used to resist masking influenced by factors, such as misinformation, conspiracy theories, and ideology, the #masks and #maskup hashtags were generally positive and used more to raise awareness of the benefits of wearing masks.
Are Pair Trading Strategies Profitable During COVID-19 Period?
Authors: Sohail Muhammad Khalid , Raheman Abdul , Iqbal Javid , Sindhu Muzammal Ilyas , Staar Abdul , Mushafiq Muhammad , Afzal Humaira
Published: April 2022

Pair trading strategy is a well-known profitable strategy in stock, forex, and commodity markets. As most of the world stock markets declined during COVID-19 period, therefore this study is going to observe whether this strategy is still profitable after COVID-19 pandemic. One of the powerful algorithms of DBSCAN under the umbrella of unsupervised machine learning is applied and three clusters were formed by using market and accounting data. The formation of these three clusters was based on book value per share, earning per share, classification of sector, market capitalisation and with other factors formed from PCA on the returns of daily data of six months of the 80 sample firms for year 2019–2020. An average of [Formula: see text] average excess monthly return with Sharpe ratio of [Formula: see text] and Treynor ratio of [Formula: see text] is to be observed in COVID-19 pandemic period. However, the result of risk-adjusted performance under Jensen’s alpha is observed to be insignificant. The policy implication of this study, for different portfolios and fund managers is suggested to use machine learning approach to get positive and higher returns for their clients.
Highly accurate Coiflet wavelet-homotopy solution of Jeffery–Hamel problem at extreme parameters
Authors: Ahmed Sohail , Xu Hang , Wang An-Yang , Chen Qing-Bo
Published: April 2022

The magnetized Jeffery–Hamel flow due to a point sink or source in convergent and divergent channels is studied. Such viscous flow plays an important role in understanding rivers and canals, human anatomy, and the connection between capillaries and arteries. The simplified governing equation ruled by the Reynolds number, the Hartmann number and the divergent–convergent angle with appropriate boundary conditions is solved by the newly proposed Coiflet wavelet-homotopy analysis method (CWHAM). A highly accurate solution is obtained, whose accuracy is rigidly checked. Our proposed method combines the advantages of the homotopy analysis method for strong nonlinearity and the Coiflet wavelet method for excellent local expression capability so that it holds higher computational efficiency, larger applicable range of physical parameters, and better nonlinear processing capability. Different from the previously published research on the CWHAM, we focus on establishing the solution process of nonlinear flow problems with extreme physical parameters, which is not considered before.
Quantum fields presentation for orthogonal Schur functions and orthogonal universal characters
Authors: Li Denghui , Jia Yangjie , Yan Zhaowen
Published: April 2022

This paper is concerned with the construction of quantum fields presentation and generating functions of orthogonal Schur functions and orthogonal universal characters (OUC). The boson-fermion correspondence for these two symmetric functions has been presented. Based on the quantum fields presentation, we obtain two integrable systems, namely, orthogonal KP hierarchy (OKP) and OUC hierarchy whose [Formula: see text] functions are orthogonal Schur functions and orthogonal universal characters, respectively. Moveover, the (m, n)-soliton solution of the OUC hierarchy has been discussed. In addition, we derive the modified OKP and OUC hierarchies as extensions of integrable systems.
On Weakly 1-Absorbing Primary Ideals of Commutative Rings
Authors: Badawi Ayman , Yetkin Celikel Ece
Published: April 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative ring with [Formula: see text]. We introduce the concept of weakly 1-absorbing primary ideal, which is a generalization of 1-absorbing primary ideal. A proper ideal [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is said to be weakly 1-absorbing primary if whenever nonunit elements [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], we have [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]. A number of results concerning weakly 1-absorbing primary ideals are given, as well as examples of weakly 1-absorbing primary ideals. Furthermore, we give a corrected version of a result on 1-absorbing primary ideals of commutative rings.
Finite Generation of Lie Derived Powers of Skew Lie Algebras
Authors: Alahmadi Adel , Alharthi Fawziah
Published: April 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a finitely generated associative algebra over a field of characteristic different from 2. Herstein asked when the Lie algebra [Formula: see text] is finitely generated. Recently, it was shown that for a finitely generated nil algebra [Formula: see text] all derived powers of [Formula: see text] are finitely generated Lie algebras. Let [Formula: see text] be the Lie algebra of skew-symmetric elements of an associative algebra with involution. We consider all derived powers of the Lie algebra [Formula: see text] and prove that for any finitely generated associative nil algebra with an involution, all derived powers of [Formula: see text] are finitely generated Lie algebras.