bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RIS-aided Multi-hop Backhauling for 5G/6G UAV-assisted Access Points
Authors: Janji Salim , Sroka Pawel
Published: June 2023

Drones are considered to be an important part of future 6G telecommunication systems. Thanks to their quick deployment potential, they provide additional connectivity options in the form of a ﬂying hotspot. However, in such use cases, they typically require a wireless backhaul link to facilitate their proper operation, which might be a challenging task in dense urban environments. One of the potential methods that may be relied upon to connect such nodes is the integrated access and backhaul (IAB) approach, where part of the spectrum allocated to users accessing the base station is used for wireless backhauling. Thus, in this work, we consider the problem of establishing a multi-hop wireless backhaul link following the IAB concept, with the aid of drone relay stations (DRSs) and reconﬁgurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). We formulate the problem of coverage improvement with a ﬁxed number of relays, assuming certain throughput requirements for the backhaul link. The simulations show that the use of RISs oﬀers a coverage improvement in such a scenario or a reduction in the number of nodes involved in ensuring the required backhaul performance.
Hiyal (Legal Stratagems) in Islamic Finance: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Rafique Muhammad Omer , Abdullah Ahmad Sufian Che , Fatoni Mohd Abd Wahab , Lubis Asmuliadi
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study is to systematically review the existing literature on the application of Hiyal (legal stratagems) in Islamic finance. The article visualizes the linkages between different authentic works done on the topic and how the topic has evolved through the decades.
 
Theoretical framework: The article visualizes the linkages between different authentic works done on the topic and how the topic has evolved through the decades.
 
Design/methodology/approach:  A systematic literature review of published peer-reviewed articles on Hiyal(legal stratagems) was conducted. A comprehensive search strategy was applied to retrieved 35 articles from 25 leading journals published between 1997 and 2021.
 
Findings:  The research found that the existing knowledge on the topic especially of the current century is more focused on Riba (usury) stratagems to circumvent the prohibitions of the conventional capitalist financial system. It is because the discussion popped up as a reaction to the modern Islamic financial system, especially from traditional scholars. Malaysia and a few western countries have contributed the most to the topic.
 
Research, Practical & Social implications:  This review provides a significant contribution to Islamic finance literature by identifying the related discussions in the area and pointing the gap that need to be further explored.
 
Originality/value:  It is concluded that the literature on the topic ‘the application of Hiyal(legal stratagem in Islamic financial law” is less in numbers and not well-integrated, as the topic is still in the growing stage.
Impact of Scarcity on Panic Buying: Assessing the Mediating Role of Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Event Perception
Authors: Lianjie Chen , Ahmad Albattat , Md Kassim Aza Azlina
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The main aim of this research is to explore the factors that contribute to panic buying behavior and to propose ideas for government control in such events.
 
Theoretical framework: scarcity is the theoretical basis of current research in the context of COVID-19 in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China. Collect and review previous relevant studies by theme to understand the latest literature trends of scarcity, anxiety and panic buying.
 
Method: This research takes 213 customers from Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, China as a sample, and uses SPSS and AMOS questionnaires to investigate the status of panic buying.
 
Findings: This research uses questionnaire data, through empirical research, to explore the important role of anxiety as a mediating variable in panic buying in the COVID-19 epidemic.
 
Research, Practical & Social implications: Research has found that scarcity has a significant positive correlation with panic buying and anxiety; Scarcity has a significant impact on panic buying through the mediating effect of individual anxiety. Personal cognition has a significant moderating effect on scarcity on panic buying and anxiety on panic buying.
 
Originality: The research problem addressed in this study is the phenomenon of panic buying during public crisis events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. this study proposes ideas for guiding government control in public crisis events.
Factors Affecting the Use of Management Accounting Information in Vietnamese Commercial and Service Enterprises
Authors: Dao Ngoc Ha
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The article analyzes the impact of factors affecting the use of management accounting information in Vietnamese commercial and service enterprises, providing more empirical evidence on factors affecting the use of management accounting information in Vietnamese commercial and service enterprises
 
Theoretical framework: This paper uses the Contingency theory, Theory of planned behavior, Psychological theory.
 
Design/methodology/approach: The research method uses a questionnaire survey of accountants, chief accountants, business managers. Using management accounting information in the enterprise, Decentralization of use, Awareness, usefulness, Qualification of accountants, Quality of information measured on a five-level Likert scale Very good, good, medium average, not good, weak.
 
Findings: Research results show that Decentralization of Use, Awareness, Usefulness, Qualifications of Accountants, Quality of Information have a positive impact on the use of management accounting information in commercial enterprises. Vietnamese servisse
 
Research, Practical   &   Social   implications: Based on the research results, the author has proposed recommendations to improve the use of management accounting information in Vietnamese commercial and service enterprises.
 
Originality/value:This study fills the gap in the the use of management accounting information in Vietnamese commercial and service enterprises
Investigating the Effect of Digital HRM and Digital Innovation and the SMEs Performance in Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf Muhamad , Satia Haji Muhammad Riban , Bernardianto Raden Biroum , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Irwani Irwani , Kurniasih Denok , Setyoko Paulus Israwan
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between digital HRM and SMEs Performance, the relationship between digital innovation and SMEs Performance and analyze the relationship between digital HRM and digital innovation
 
Design/methodology/approach: This research method is a quantitative survey, research data obtained by distributing online questionnaires to 760 SMEs owners. Data analysis used a structural equation model (SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The stages of data analysis are validity, reliability and significance tests. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The questionnaire used in this study uses a Google form which will be distributed to respondents. This questionnaire measurement method uses a Likert scale of 5, namely Strongly Disagree (STS), (2) Disagree Answers (TS), (3) Neutral Answers (N), (4) Agree Answers (S), Strongly Agree (SS)
 
Findings: The results of this study showed that digital HRM has a positive and significant impact on SMEs Performance, digital innovation has a positive and significant impact on SMEs Performance, digital HRM has a positive and significant impact on digital innovation
 
Practical implications: The findings of this study can be used by SMEs owners to increase their performance by implementing digital HRM and digital innovation. Moreover, for academics, it can support new knowledge as well as supporting theories.
 
Original/value: A significant contribution to the SMEs performance, digital HRM has a positive and significant impact on SMEs Performance, digital innovation has a positive and significant impact on SMEs Performance, digital HRM has a positive and significant impact on digital innovation. This result strengthens the results of previous studies.
Transmission and Development of Musical Art
Authors: Li Tianchang
Published: June 2023

American music has developed over a relatively long period of time, but it was only in the early part of the last century that it developed a unique style that has an important place in the musical development of the world. The American environment has seen the formation of different ethnic and national music, as well as different musical styles, which have influenced and blended with each other to promote the development of American music. American modern music has gone through several stages of development, and it has not only formed a certain influence on the local American culture but also influenced the development of music throughout the world. This paper analyzes the heritage and development history of musical art and explains its influential role.
Giant Cell Osteoclast-Like Bladder Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Amaya-Fragoso Eduardo , Dantés-Duran Mayra Alondra , Pérez-Torres Erika Karina , García-Pérez Carlos Marcel
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Osteoclast-like giant cell bladder carcinomas are an extremely unusual and aggressive histological subtype of urothelial carcinomas. Only 30 cases have been reported globally. Clinical case: A 79-year-old male patient was presented to our Urology Department due to macroscopic hematuria that persisted for six months. As part of his diagnostic protocol, a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with elimination phase was performed, finding a filling defect of 12 mm at the level of the posterior wall of the bladder. A cystoscopy was subsequently performed, confirming the presence of a 1.5 cm bladder tumor, which was resected in its entirety. Pathology analysis with hematoxylin and eosin stain revealed a composition of mononuclear cells and osteoclast-like giant cells. Immunohistochemistry was positive for epithelial markers cytokeratins AE1/AE3, EMA, P53, and CD68. Conclusion: Osteoclast-like giant cell bladder carcinomas are extremely unusual and aggressive. The only diagnostic method is through immunohistochemistry, confirming the presence of epithelial markers for urothelium in the neoplastic cells. Radical surgical treatment is recommended and there has been no proven effective adjuvant treatment to date. The patients’ median survival is 15 months.
Factors Associated with Survival in Wilms Tumor Patients
Authors: Herrera-Toro Natalia , Peña-Aguirre Laura , Molina Federico
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Wilms tumor is the second most common abdominal tumor in the pediatric age group and accounts for more than 90% of renal tumors in pediatrics. Even though the described survival rate is greater than 90%, we found that it only reaches 70% among our patients. Therefore, we aim to evaluate which are the factors associated with these unfavorable results, in order to implement measures to improve the survival of our patients. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in two high-level care centers, which included a sample of 84 patients under 15 years of age, diagnosed with Wilms tumor. Results: Factors significantly associated with an increased likelihood of death were failure to complete the chemotherapy protocol (odds ratio [OR] = 34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.7–312; P = 0.000) and tumor recurrence (OR = 35.7; 95% CI = 6.9–184; P = 0.000). Other minor factors with certain impact were bilateral presentation (OR = 4.1; 95% CI = 0.6–5.5; P = 0.147), surgical complications (OR = 3.2; 95% CI = 0.7–14.6; P = 0.136), lymph node involvement on CT scan (OR 2.4; 95% CI 0.7­–8.4; P = 0.139), and distant metastases (OR = 2.5; 95%CI = 0.7–9; P = 0.143). Discussion: The survival of our patients with Wilms tumor is lower than that reported in literature is associated with factors like failure to complete chemotherapy, recurrence, and the need for bilateral surgery.
Study of the Effect of Exercises on the Quality of Life, Fatigue, Sarcopenia in Breast, and Prostate and Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Pereira-Rodríguezcentro Javier Eliecer , Peñaranda-Florezgrupo Devi Geesel , Andrés Corralescentro Fabio , Parra-Rojascentro Glenda Liliana , Ceballos-Portilla Luis Fernando
Published: June 2023

Breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers are the most common cancers and have the highest mortality rates worldwide. Objective: To determine the benefits of continuous training at moderate and high intensity on quality of life, fatigue and sarcopenia in breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer. Method: A quasi-experimental study was performed with 356 patients with stage II breast cancer. The patients were distributed in 2 groups, and EORTC QLQ C-30 scale, FACT- Fatigue Scale, quality of life test, stress test, dynamometry and others were carried out. Results: The study population presented with sarcopenia. At the end of the study, the prevalence of sarcopenia decreased significantly (GE1: 31 % [before] vs. 24 % [after], and GE2: 38 % [before] vs. 19 % [after]; P ≤ 0.05). As did the values for fatigue (GE1: 17.3 ± 3.8 [before] vs. 10.4 ± 2.5 [after], and GE2: 19.6 ± 4.2 [before] vs. 9.4 ± 3.1 [after]; P = 0.012) and in the quality-of-life questionnaire (GE1: 61.7 ± 10.4 [before] vs. 69.5 ± 14.4 [after]; GE2: 76.5 ± 7.4 [before] vs. 106; P = 0.005). Conclusion: Continuous training at moderate and high intensity inevitably improved the variables evaluated, especially quality of life, fatigue, and sarcopenia. It should be noted that the improvements were more notable in the high intensity group.
The Criterion level of Readability in Teaching Tutorials: Twelfth Grade Economic Book as a Sample
Authors: Kareem Omar Mahmood , Abdurrahman Omer Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Psycholinguistics consider that a comprehension is a process of interaction among reader, text and the surrounding culture. In this process the reader creates meaning and the clarity of the text depends on the language as well as the types of the reader and the quality of the text. In teaching process, the reader is pupil and the text is the written forms in tutorial books. It is important to be known that the language should be clear. The decision about readability and unreadability of a tutorial text has its criterion. In this frame the text book of Economic in the twelfth grade is taken as a sample and assessed in the viewpoints of pupils in a comprehensive assessment process. One of the ways of assessment is to use a questionnaire method in which pupil’s comprehension is detected. This research puts a questionnaire about a written language in Economic twelfth grade book. The pupil’s comprehension is assessed through answering, as a result the readability of the text is determined. Thus It shows that the readability  of the text is in a lower level.
Passion for the country and land in the poems of Medhat Bekhaw
Authors: Ibrahim Saleh Farhad , Karwani2 Bakr Shaker
Published: June 2023

This article entitled: patriotism in poems of Midhat Bekhaw is an attempt to express an important and influential subject in his poetry works, which is a focus on patriotism in his poetries, and how far has he tries to express patriotism during his poetries. At the same time, how far has he increased patriotism among his people and nation? Therefore, we see that the content of patriotism has occupied a wide space in his poetries.

In the end of the discussion, we present the obtained results, along with the sources we have used as a support to enrich the discussion.
Harassment and its Correlation to Psychological Health of Adolescent Girls: A Field Study in Rania City
Authors: Khder Pshtiwan Awlla , Khoshnaw Jwan Ismail Ahmed Bakr
Published: June 2023

Harassment is a global phenomenon these days, and it’s an issue facing communities around the globe. This has attracted researchers to write and comment on the phenomenon. The problem is a global threat, in particular to females. Although men also face harassment, but this is not the focus of this paper. Among females, the generation who are in particular targeted are adolescent girls.

The main purpose of this paper is to find the correlation between harassment and mental well-being of adolescent girls. Researchers have made use of the descriptive-analytic method. For this purpose, researchers have prepared a form which includes the standards of harassment. The form has two main parts. The standards of harassment has 32 points, and the standards of mental health has 22 points. Samples were taken randomly from (334) adolescent girls from high school levels in Rania city. Researchers have utilized both SPSS and AMOS programs.

This paper has found that none of the forms of (harassment, physical, verbal, symbolic and online), have become a common phenomenon among the samples taken. Instead, the problem appears in the form of instances. It is also found that the mental health of the participants is in good standing. However, participants who have faced harassment at ages    6 to 10 appear to have weaker mental health than other ages. Data also shows that adolescences who face harassment suffer from more mental health problems than their peers who have not faced the problem. In addition, adolescent girls who have faced online harassment have weaker mental health compared to their peers who have faced other forms of harassment.
Self-confidence level among students of Raparin University who have undergone cosmetic surgery
Authors: Awrahman Nawzad Ali , Abubakr Hevar Ali , Khader Soma Ismail , Ahmad Zhiwar Sabah
Published: June 2023

The problem of the research, when the level of (Self-confidence) is High, the   individual enjoys good mental and somatic health, but, when the level of Self-confidence is less, it may lead to a lack of logical analysis or challenge and control and create difficulties in decision-making as a result of weak confidence in the information obtained in a negative way on the individual's body and facial image. The importance of self-confidence as a personality variable plays an influential role in the individual and Society in the face of the challenges in individual life that continue to be optimistic and positive. The aimes of this study are to determine the level of self-confidence among university students who have undergone cosmetic surgery. Determining the differences in self-confidence levels among university student who have undergone cosmetic surgery according to gender (male-female) and specialty (science-humanities). The researchers took the descriptive method approach. The research community consisted of 60 students of Raparin University who underwent cosmetic surgery. The sample was randomly selected, including 50 students, including 17 males and 33 females in University of Raparin for the academic year (2019-2020) in the morning. The researchers prepared a scale consisting of (20) item to measure the level of self-confidence among university students who have undergone cosmetic surgery.

 The results showed   statistically levels of high in Self-Confidence. There was no statistically significant difference in self-confidence by gender and specialty, but the specialty variable in the sample itself showed differences in favor of the humanities
The analysis Hydromorphometric Watershed Barsool Basin
Authors: Mina Hushyar Ibrahim , Mohmmed Pshtiwan Ali , Ibrahim Yadgar Mustafa , Ahmed Pshtiwan Shfeeq
Published: June 2023

The Barsool River watershed is one of the branches of the lower Zab River in the Pishdar district. It flows into the lower Zab River about 100 meters southwest of Kawiya village. It is located between the latitudes (o36 07" 14'-o36 12" 00’) of North and longitudes (o45 "09 '51-o45 "19 '22) of East. The main source of this river is located in the Kurdistan Region, in the Pishdar district. The source of water for this river is located in the valley of Beklo, Gira, Dega, Badinbal, and Darashman villages. The main goal of the study is to introduce the environmental characteristics of the study area and describe the specific map for each of them in order to analyze and determine how to use the water resources in the study area. At The beginning of the research was an analysis of the natural environment of the Barsool watershed and its impact on the water flow system, such as (geology, topography, water, air, and soil). This is based on an analysis of natural characteristics and their direct and indirect impacts on river flow. In the second part, the most important hydro morphometric measurements were conducted for the watershed, emphasizing the surface water resources that are reflected in the two branches of the river (Badin and Bajkaran) that form the Barsool River in Barsool village. Groundwater includes 19 springs in terms of morphometric characteristics (area, shape, topography, flow network, and flow rate) have been described. The results show that the natural characteristics of the study area play a major role in the richness of water resources and the rapid flow of streams, rivers, and the main river of the watershed.
The one charged with paying the tax in the Land Patent Right (Musataha) contract
Authors: Murad Hemin Rasul
Published: June 2023

It is quite obvious that taxes are among the basic revenues in most of the world countries, regardless of their political and economic systems and that the real estate tax which is a type of direct taxes, is imposed on the income that is generated from the real estate deal. The subject matter of musataha contracts is essentially income-producing land and such an income is the subject to the real estate tax. This study is entitled "The Tax Payer in Musataha Contract: A Study in Iraqi Law” and is an attempt to clarify the issue of interpretation and application of the first paragraph in article (10) of ‘the Real Estate Tax Law No. (162) of (1959)’ in respect of the imposition of taxes on real estates that are basically built under musataha contracts. Due to the fact that the abovementioned article does not explicitly refer to musataha but to the long lease instead and due to the many similarities between musataha and long lease, the tax departments in Kurdistan Region, may interpret the article as that the taxes which are imposed on the owner of the long lease, cover the right owner in musataha contract as well. Hence, such a serious issue needs to be the subject of an academic investigation to be clear enough for the tax departments in Kurdistan Region. In doing so, the researchers try to deal with the subject matter through two chapters and finally conclude with that paragraph (1) of article (10) of the Real Estate Tax Law which is in force now should be amended because its implementation in the tax departments, constitutes an explicit violation of paragraph (1), article (28) of the Iraqi Constitution (2005), when the tax is collected from musatih (the person who invests in the land) but the land ownership in musataha contracts, belongs to the government institutions which are exempted from paying taxes.
The effects of social media on visual media in news transmission Rudaw channel as an example
Authors: Homer Karmand Abbas , Hamid Hakim Osman
Published: June 2023

This research has attempted to address the influence of social networks on news and information transmission by considering the knowledge of the nature of the relationship between social networks and visual media. This research is important for the Kurdistan Region. It gives television channels a clear view of how to deal when using social networks, and to take the appropriate scientific approach towards developing and creating effects when transferring news and information to their recipients. The type of research is descriptive and done through a survey method. The research's objectives are based on the conducted surveys. The community of this research is the Kurdistan Regional Government's news channel. The sample for this research includes a comprehensive mass of all journalists involved in the process of preparing and producing news on the Rudaw channel. One of the most important conclusions that the researcher has come to is that social networks have an impact on visual media in the process of producing and transmitting news - and this impact is direct: it has created an impact on knowledge, affection, and behavior of visual media messengers. At the same time, social networks have become an important source of news and information for television channels. Social networks have become a reason for the further development of television channels. Television channels are trying to become compatible with social networks, not to let social networks become a reason for their weakness, particularly in transmitting information to recipients
The Relationship Between Risk-taking behavior and self-confidence of students of Salah al-Din University
Authors: Abdwllah Tanya Wasfi , Hussein Srwa Jaafar
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Research Aims:-

The researcher pursues the following aims in this research:-

1-The level of risk-taking behavior among university students for the sample.

2- The level of self-confidence among university students for the sample.

3- The level of risk-taking behavior and self-confidence according to the variable (gender - economic status).

4- The relationship between risk-taking behavior and self-confidence in the sample.

The current research community consists of Salah El-Din University students for the academic year (2021-2022)، for the sake of the research sample، the two researchers chose a random sample of (250) students for their research.

 To measure the two variables، the researchers followed the following procedures، to measure the variable (risk-taking behavior)، the researchers found it better to build a measure of risk behavior because there is no measure of risk behavior، and the scale consisted of (39) items، and they extracted the apparent validity of the scale and did not delete any item from the scale، and they extracted the power Discriminatory paragraphs did not delete any paragraph also. The two researchers relied on the self-confidence scale prepared by (Al-Badrany,

The scale consists of (40) items، and they extracted the apparent validity of the scale and did not delete any item from the scale. The two researchers relied on the re-test method to calculate the stability of the two scales، risk behavior and self-confidence، as it reached in risk behavior (0.91) and in self-confidence (0.77). The two researchers reached the following results:-

The results of this research indicate that the students' risk-taking behavior is high and their self-confidence is good.

The gender variable and the economic status variable are not among the variables affecting risk-taking behavior and self-confidence.

There is a positive relationship between risk-taking behavior and students' self-confidence.

The two researchers presented a set of recommendations and suggestions in their research.
History of Kirkuk during the British mandate period
Authors: Mohammed Zana Othman , Azeez Ranjdar Mohammed
Published: June 2023

In the late years of World War I (1914-1918), the Ottoman-controlled regions faced a new condition. The city of Kirkuk, as a part of Kurdistan's territory, was not deprived of these new transformations and events.

       This research aimed to investigate the history of Kirkuk during the British mandate period. The study found that the arrival of the British in southern Kurdistan, particularly Kirkuk, had a historical background, dating back centuries before the British conquest of the city of Kirkuk in 1918, particularly due to the presence of natural resources in the area. The study also found that Kirkuk residents, as part of Kurdistan's territory, were exhilarated about nationalism after the fall of Ottoman oppression and the arrival of English authorities and that its population had publicly expressed their nationalism desires, for independence and unity with Kurdistan.

      The study also reveals that the British have tried in every way to cut off the area from Kurdistan and the Kurdish national movement after the national stance on Kirkuk residents became clear. Kirkuk residents have also broadly supported Sheikh Mahmud and announced him as their leader, and they fully cooperated with him in this regard, which is due to the national sentiment that has developed in the city of Kirkuk.

       In the study, we found that in a referendum conducted by the United Nations to resolve the Mosul state issue, residents in Kirkuk mostly agreed to be part of Iraq, even though there were votes demanding independence. Kirkuk people were also generally dissatisfied with the issue of appointing Faisal asking for Iraq, and stood against it, publicly expressing that they would prefer to unite with Kurdistan when Faisal was appointed as crown king to Iraq.
Mystic dualism in the poetry of Mahwi
Authors: Farhann Mariwan Husen , Abdulkarim Awat Nadir
Published: June 2023

Dualism is the difference between the contradictions. Dualism is one of the prominent characteristics of Mahwi's mystic poems. This comes from the experience and the deep outcomes of the psycho journey of this Arif within materialism to reach the truth. In the consequence of evaluating the basics of dualism and paradox of Mahwi, the reader will achieve to the practical mystic's truth of this arif. The aim of the study is reaching the real results concern to the prove of mystic's idea and demonstrating the highest level of mystic's school of Mahwi and also focusing on the knowledge and his worldview of Mahwi in term of mystic's dualism. Then, illustrating the capability and highest level of textual language of Mahwi's poems in the dimension of art view of poetical texts in general and dualistic aesthetic in particular that he produced in his poems. The interesting point which is even a question for the researchers is that what are the prominent used dualisms in Mahwis' poems? The used method of this research is (descriptive- analysis) which is based on the used data of the research
Sunbul Haqiqi’s poetic experience
Authors: Wali Nechirwan Jasim
Published: June 2023

This research is about Sunbul Haqiqi’s poetic works which is a descriptive and analytical research. The reason behind choosing this subject is the lack of a scientific and academic research about her poems. The aim of this research is to show her poetic works and identify the various components of the poems of the poet in terms of content and form

The research includes an introduction، two chapters and a conclusion:      

Chapter one is Sunbul and poetry، and it consists of two parts: in the first part، it talks about the most important stages of her life، and in the second part، the focus is on the poet and poetry، and it refers to the poet’s relationship with poetry.                                                                                 

Chapter two includes Sunbul’s poems in terms of form and content، and it also consists of two parts: in the first part، it talks about the form of the poet’s poems، and in the second part، the concentration is on the content of the poet’s poems.                                                                                     

In the end، it shows the most significant points that we have reached. Then the list of resources and a summary of the research in two languages، Kurdish and Kurdish have been recorded.
A Constructionist Approach to Illocution: The Case of Orders
Authors: Nuria del Campo Martínez  , Francisco José Ruiz de Mendoza
Published: June 2023

The present contribution studies the semantic base of orders at level 3 of the Lexical Constructional Model (Ruiz de Mendoza & Mairal 2008; Mairal & Ruiz de Mendoza 2009). The pragmatic structure of level 3 illocutionary constructions arises from the interplay between construal operations and general social conventions captured by the Cost-Benefit Cognitive Model (Ruiz de Mendoza & Baicchi 2007; Baicchi & Ruiz de Mendoza 2010). We examine the rationales for a number of conventionalized formulas carrying order values and explore their realizational potential. We argue that the realization of orders is based upon grammatical mechanisms that exhibit instantiation potential for relevant parts of the semantic base of ordering.
The Theme of the Shattered Self in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye and A Mercy
Authors: López Ramírez Manuela
Published: June 2023

Throughout her fiction Toni Morrison has frequently dealt with traumatized individuals, who usually belong to minority groups, especially Blacks. The fragmentation of the self and the search for identity are pervasive themes of her novels. In The Bluest Eye and A Mercy Morrison explores the passage to adulthood of two deeply traumatized teenage girls. Victimized communities or those under the threat of violence, such as primeval America, discriminate and denigrate their weakest members. Thus Pecola and Sorrow are vulnerable victims of social oppression, scapegoats. In a critical stage of their subjectivity development psychosis becomes, for these young girls, a coping strategy to survive in a hostile environment.
Richard Ford's Frank Bascombe as an American Everyman
Authors: Peinado Abarrio Rubén
Published: June 2023

The autodiegetic narrator of Richard Ford’s Frank Bascombe trilogy –The Sportswriter (1986), Independence Day (1995) and The Lay of the Land (2006)– has been labelled by critics and commentators as a US everyman. Likewise, the character itself self-fashions as a common person able to embody significant cultural ideals and myths associated with the culture and history of the United States. Based on these considerations, the present article discusses and questions the representative qualities of this epitome of a mainstream version of Americanness. Frank Bascombe is a white, male, heterosexual, middle-class citizen in a regionally, ethnically and culturally diverse nation. Therefore, his self-assigned role as a common person repeatedly clashes with the social reality of the United States and at the same time leaves him yearning for a strong personality of his own.
“Craving to be frightened”: Henry James’s The Turn of the Screw as a Sinister Parody of Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey
Authors: Valero Redondo María
Published: June 2023

This article seeks to argue that The Turn of the Screw is a sinister parody of Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey and of the female quixotic Bildungsroman. To sustain this claim, I will show that both Catherine and the governess are two burlesque and quixotic heroines who are deeply influenced by their extravagant fancies and their readings of romance. I will also explore their self-assumed role as heroic characters in search of cognitive certainty. And finally, I will argue that evil is intimately related to social and class conflicts in both narratives. Nevertheless, contrary to what happens in Northanger Abbey, in James’s parodic reworking of Austen’s novel, Gothic intrusions do not serve as a means of discipline for the governess’s overworked imagination and her potential story of marriage and social ascent is consequently foiled. The narrative’s refusal to educate the governess and its deviation from the female quixotic tradition links James’s novella to modernity.
Evapotranspiração, coeficiente de cultivo e eficiência no uso de água de uvas viníferas cultivadas no Agreste Pernambucano
Authors: Andrade Daniela da Silva , Silva Mairon Moura da , Oliveira Cássio Lopes , Leão Patrícia Coelho de Souza , Correia Felipe Carvalheira , Antonino Antonio Celso Dantas , Alves Maria Fernanda de Albuquerque Tenório , Lopes Márcio Henrique Leal , Lima José Romualdo de Sousa
Published: June 2023

cultura (ETc), que pode ser determinada pelo coeficiente de cultivo (Kc) e pela evapotranspiração de referência (ETo). Desse modo, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a ETc, o Kc e a eficiência no uso de água (EUA) de variedades de uva viníferas (Vitis vinifera), no Agreste Pernambucano. Foram estudadas três variedades de uvas quais sejam: Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec e Muscat Petit Grain. A ETc foi determinada pelo método do balanço hídrico no solo e a ETo pelo método de Penman-Monteith. O Kc foi obtido pela relação entre ETc e ETo, sendo a EUA obtida pela relação entre produtividade e ET. Verificou-se que as temperaturas médias são consideradas ideais para a produção de uva na região e a umidade do solo não foi um fator limitante para o desenvolvimento da cultura. A ETc total no ciclo produtivo foi 354,0; 335,3 e 329,4 mm, para as variedades Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec e Muscat Petit Grain, respectivamente. O Kc médio variou de 0,69 a 0,73. A EUA variou entre as variedades de uva, sendo de 0,54; 1,86 e 1,50 kg m-3, para Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec e Muscat Petit Grain.Palavras-chave: Consumo hídrico; umidade do solo; vinhedo. Evapotranspiration, crop coefficient and water use efficiency of wine grapes cropped in Agreste PernambucanoA B S T R A C TIn viticulture, adequate water management is essential, which is obtained by knowing the crop evapotranspiration (ETc), which can be determined by the crop coefficient (Kc) and the reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Thus, the present work aimed to determine ETc, Kc and water use efficiency (WUE) of wine grapevine varieties (Vitis vinifera), in Agreste Pernambucano. Three grape varieties were studied, namely: Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec and Muscat Petit Grain. ETc was determined by the soil water balance method and ETo by the Penman-Monteith method. Kc was obtained from the relationship between ETc and ETo, and the WUE was obtained from the relationship between productivity and ET. It was found that the average temperatures are considered ideal for grape production in the region and soil moisture was not a limiting factor for the development of the culture. The total ETc in the production cycle was 354.0, 335.3 and 329.4 mm, for the Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec and Muscat Petit Grain varieties, respectively. The mean Kc ranged from 0.69 to 0.73. The EUA varied among the grape varieties, being 0.54, 1.86 and 1.50 kg m-3, for Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec and Muscat Petit Grain.Key words: Water consumption; soil water content; grapevine.
Intersektionalität und Literatur
Authors: Dörr Volker C.
Published: June 2023

Intersektionalität, also die Verschränkung von race, class, gender etc. vor allem in Diskursen der Ausschließung von Anderen und besonders Minderheiten, wird häufig als identitätspolitisches Moment betrachtet. Oft wird dabei behauptet, dass die genannten (und weitere) Kategorien sich in oder schon vor der Analyse nicht trennen lassen. Hier wird vorgeschlagen, zumindest bei Betrachtung intersektionaler Phänomene in der Literatur die Kategorien als getrennte zu konzipieren und erst in der Folge deren synthetisches Zusammenspiel zu analysieren.
Embitterment in the Workplace: How Does It Associate with Burnout and What Triggers It?
Authors: Michailidis Evie
Published: June 2023

Aim/Purpose: Embitterment comprises a stress-related response to unjust life experiences. Studies have found that it can have a toll on employees’ well-being. However, research on this matter is still in its infancy.

Background: Within the scope of the present study, Ι sought to investigate how embitterment relates to burnout – the prolonged consequence of stress. This study further explored whether breaches of psychological contracts can trigger embitterment.

Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional design where two hundred and eight (N = 208) participants from the general population completed an online survey.

Contribution: Findings suggest that the toll of embitterment might be much more than what research has suggested so far. Those who experience embitterment can become emotionally exhausted and cynical and these findings can be especially useful when identifying embitterment.

Findings: It was found that embitterment related to higher burnout levels and more specifically emotional exhaustion and cynicism. No significant findings were revealed for the relationship between professional inefficacy and embitterment. Also, psychological contract breach was found to be a significant predictor of embitterment, supporting further the notion that perceptions of injustice can trigger feelings of embitterment. Results also showed that embitterment mediated the relationship between psychological contract breach and burnout.

Recommendation for Researchers: The study highlights the notion that fairness is a key precursor of embitterment, and this finding is essential when developing interventions to prevent embitterment from arising.

Future Research: Future research could use a longitudinal study design to unravel whether burnout represents a precondition or the consequence of embitterment. Future research should also include more objective measures. For example, it would be useful to pair self-report data with more objective measures on embitterment (e.g. clinical interviews).
The relationship of KDIGO classification and incidence & mortality of acute kidney injury in sepsis patients in intensive care unit: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mecit Bilge Banu Taşdemir , Deniz Mustafa
Published: June 2023

Background/Aim: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication associated with morbidity and mortality in patients with sepsis. This study aimed to determine the severity of AKI according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria and evaluate its relationship with mortality in patients who were followed up in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to sepsis and developed AKI. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with sepsis and followed up in the ICU, including all patients with AKI. The severity of AKI was determined for all patients using the KDIGO criteria. The patients were divided into four groups: Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, and without AKI. Patients with missing data, COVID-19 patients, patients with chronic kidney insufficiency, and kidney transplant patients were excluded. Results: A total of 1,177 sepsis patients were included in the study, of whom 52.4% were male (n=617). The median age of the study group was 78 years (Q1-Q3: 68-85 years). It was determined that 57.9% of the patients (n=681) developed AKI at any stage. According to the KDIGO criteria, the rates of patients in Stage 1, Stage 2, and Stage 3 developing AKI were 23.9%, 16.2%, and 17.8%, respectively. The incidence of hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM), which are comorbidities, increased as the patients’ KDIGO stage increased (P<0.001). Conclusion: AKI occurred in 57.9% of sepsis patients in the ICU, and 30.4% received renal replacement therapy (RRT). It was determined that mortality increased as the KDIGO stage of our patients increased.
ALIGNMENT OF FORCES IN THE REGION OF THE TRANSNISTRIAN CONFLICT IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIA’S SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Kharitonova Natal’ya I. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: June 2023

The article is an analysis of the alignment of forces in the region of the Transnistrian conflict in the context of Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine. The author proceeds from the fact that around the Transnistrian conflict, international relations have developed into a kind of subsystem, which is influenced by events and significant changes in international relations at regional and global levels. The purpose of the article is to determine the balance of power in the conflict region and assess the dynamics of transformation of the sub-regional situation in the context of a special military operation The following research tasks were solved in the study: the balance of power in the region of the Transnistrian conflict was characterized on the eve of Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine, the changes in that balance in the course of the operation were assessed, and the prospects for resolving the Transnistrian conflict in its context were identified. Through the use of system analysis, balance of power theory, geopolitical approach, historical and comparative analysis as a methodological basis, the author comes to the following conclusions. The existing alignment of forces in the region of the Transnistrian conflict is distinguished by the extremely pronounced position of the actors, divided into two “camps”, in relation to each other and the prospects for resolving the Transnistrian conflict. The interests of regional actors are consistent – in the subsystem of international relations in the region of the Transnistrian conflict, there are practically no actors that would have an ambivalent geopolitical orientation. A characteristic feature of the sub-regional situation is that, under the conditions of Russia’s special military operation it is maximally included in the regional and global context.
THE ENERGY FACTOR IN RUSSIAN-AZERBAIJANI RELATIONS AT THE END OF THE 20TH - BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors:   Azerbaijan University of Languages, Imanova Samira A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: June 2023

The article studies the development and major issues of energy cooperation between Russia and Azerbaijan in the 1990s and 2000s. The author analyses mutual interests that necessitated rapprochement and constructive interaction between Russia and Azerbaijan in the energy sector, trying to identify factors that led to the Russian Federation becoming one of the main investor states in the Azerbaijani energy sector. Particular attention is paid to Russia’s participation in the “Treaty of the Century”, the analysis of common interests on the northern route and the disagreements between the two states in that area. The author also focuses on the Russian attitude towards the implementation of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline project, providing for the export of Azerbaijani oil to the West, and on the Southern Gas Corridor, providing for the transportation of Azerbaijani gas to Europe. The author concludes that with regards to regional energy projects there is rather high probability of conflict of interests between the two countries and the history of energy cooperation between Russia and the Republic of Azerbaijan shows that on several occasions the countries were on the verge of such conflict. However, it was mitigated because the longterm economic interest of Russia and Azerbaijan in each other turned out to be more important than the potential benefits of regional energy projects.
HISTORY TEXTBOOKS PUBLISHED IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC. EXPERIENCE OF ANALYSIS
Authors:   Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Russian History, Mukhin Mikhail Yu. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: June 2023

As the history of the Perestroika period has shown, the History teaching in school is often aimed not so much at educating the student as at shaping his worldview. The upbringing of a whole generation of young people in the spirit of constantly emphasizing the negative features of the Soviet past led to the fact that the collapse of the USSR was generally accepted with approval in most of the former Soviet republics. Therefore, the analysis of the content of history textbooks seems to us to be an extremely important and topical issue. Since the world has obviously entered a new stage of growing international tension in recent years, such an issue has become even more significant today. The article considers a number of textbooks on the history of Kyrgyzstan published in that country in the 21st century. Having analyzed the nature of the presentation of the history several major periods of history, the author concludes that modern Kyrgyz historiography is characterized, first of all, by traditional approaches that were formed back in the Soviet period. Although the tendencies of describing certain events in a purely negative way, characteristic of the 1990s, still persist in places, they no longer dominate.