bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mycobacterium fortuitumand Polymicrobial Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hamade Anwar , Pozdzik Agnieszka , Denis O. , Tooulou Monika , Keyzer Caroline , Jacobs F. , Khabbout Jose , Nortier Joëlle L.
Published: June 2014

Mycobacterium fortuitumis a ubiquitous, rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM). It is the most commonly reported NTM in peritoneal dialysis (PD) associated peritonitis. We report a case of a 52-year-old man on PD, who developed refractory polymicrobial peritonitis necessitating PD catheter removal and shift to hemodialysis. Thereafter,M. fortuitumwas identified in the PD catheter culture and in successive cultures of initial peritoneal effluent and patient was treated with amikacin and ciprofloxacin for six months with a good and sustained clinical response. Months after completion of the course of antibiotics, the patient successfully returned to PD. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case ofM. fortuitumperitonitis in the field of polymicrobial PD peritonitis. It demonstrates the diagnostic yield of pursuing further investigations in cases of refractory PD peritonitis. In a systematic review of the literature, only 20 reports ofM. fortuitumPD peritonitis were identified. Similar to our case, a delay in microbiological diagnosis was frequently noted and the Tenckhoff catheter was commonly removed. However, the type and duration of antibiotic therapy varied widely making the optimal treatment unclear.
Analytic Solution for theRLElectric Circuit Model in Fractional Order
Authors: Shah P. V. , Patel A. D. , Salehbhai I. A. , Shukla A. K.
Published: June 2014

This paper provides an analytic solution ofRLelectrical circuit described by a fractional differential equation of the order0<α≤1. We use the Laplace transform of the fractional derivative in the Caputo sense. Some special cases for the different source terms have also been discussed.
Acupoint‐Specific, Frequency‐Dependent, and Improved Insulin Sensitivity Hypoglycemic Effect of Electroacupuncture Applied to Drug‐Combined Therapy Studied by a Randomized Control Clinical Trial
Authors: Lin Rong-Tsung , Tzeng Chung-Yuh , Lee Yu-Chen , Chen Ying-I , Hsu Tai-Hao , Lin Jaung-Geng , Chang Shih-Liang
Published: June 2014

The application of electroacupuncture (EA) to specific acupoints can induce a hypoglycemic effect in streptozotocin‐induced rats, normal rats, and rats with steroid‐induced insulin resistance. EA combined with the oral insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone improved insulin sensitivity in rats and humans with type II diabetes mellitus (DM). There are different hypoglycemic mechanisms between Zhongwan and Zusanli acupoints by EA stimulation. On low‐frequency (2 Hz) stimulation at bilateral Zusanli acupoints, serotonin was involved in the hypoglycemic effect in normal rats. Moreover, after 15 Hz EA stimulation at the bilateral Zusanli acupoints, although enhanced insulin activity mainly acts on the insulin‐sensitive target organs, the muscles must be considered. In addition, 15 Hz EA stimulation at the bilateral Zusanli acupoints has the combined effect of enhancing cholinergic nerve activity and increasing nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity to enhance insulin activity. Despite the well‐documented effect of pain control by EA in many systemic diseases, there are few high‐quality long‐term clinical trials on the hypoglycemic effect of EA in DM. Combination treatment with EA and other medications seems to be an alternative treatment to achieve better therapeutic goals that merit future investigation.
Effects of Sucrose and Other Additives on In Vitro Growth and Development of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.)
Authors: Nilanthi Dahanayake , Yang Yue-Sheng
Published: June 2014

Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower) is being used for the preparation of more than 240 extracts, salves, and tinctures to help cure diseases like rabies, cold, and upper respiratory infections. Hence, efforts were made to develop a culture medium for successful in vitro culturing of cornflower and to regenerate buds and induce roots to enable mass propagation of selected clones. Of the three levels of sucrose tested as a supplement to MS media (Murashige and Skoog’s medium, 1962) 3% showed better rooting of buds and appeared morphologically normal and identical as compared to those grown at higher and lower concentrations (2 and 4%). The additives hydrolyzed lactabumin (0.0, 100, 300, and 900 mgL−1), peptone (0.0, 100, 300, and 900 mgL−1), and yeast (0.0, 100, 300, and 900 mgL−1) to media containing 0.3 mgL−1 BA (6-benzyladenine) and 0.01 mgL−1 NAA (naphthaleneacetic acid-plant growth regulators) has negatively influenced proliferation of shoots. The higher concentrations of the above have delayed the development of plantlets. Shoot multiplication was enhanced by coconut water with 2% being the best among 4 and 8% tested. Shoot organogenesis was not influenced by copper sulphate (0, 1.5, 3, 6, and 12 mgL−1) and silver nitrate (0.0, 0.5, 2.5, and 12.5 mgL−1) supplements and at higher concentrations of the above inhibited plant growth.
Combination of the Auxins NAA, IBA, and IAA with GA3Improves the Commercial Seed-Tuber Production of Potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) underIn VitroConditions
Authors: Kumlay Ahmet Metin
Published: June 2014

The study compared the effects of1.0×MSmedium containing various concentrations ofα-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), alone or in combination with gibberellic acid (GA3) in micropropagation of three potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) cultivars Pasinler, Granola, and Caspar using binodal stem cuttings. The results testified improved regeneration on1.0×MSmedium containing variants of NAA, IAA, and IBA plus GA3on all cultivars. The minimum days to shoot induction on three cultivars ranged 4.25–5 d on1.0×MSmedium containing 0.25 mg L−1  GA3+1 mg L−1NAA. The longest shoots (11.8 cm), maximum number of nodes (13.50), and maximum number of leaves (11.00) were recorded on cv. Caspar on1.0×MSmedium containing 1 mg L−1  NAA+0.25 mg L−1GA3. The minimum time to root induction (12.25 d) was noted on cv. Pasinler on the same medium. All of the regenerated shoots could be easily rooted. The results showed that the combined effect of various concentrations of NAA, IAA, and IBA plus GA3was more pronounced compared to the auxins used alone. The results of this research are of significant importance for potato breeders.
Convergence Theorem for a Family of New Modified Halley’s Method in Banach Space
Authors: Lin Rongfei , Zhao Yueqing , Wu Qingbiao , Hu Jueliang
Published: June 2014

We establish convergence theorems of Newton-Kantorovich type for a family of new modified Halley’s method in Banach space to solve nonlinear operator equations. We present the corresponding error estimate. To show the application of our theorems, two numerical examples are given.
A Bayesian Compressive Sensing Vehicular Location Method Based on Three-Dimensional Radio Frequency
Authors: Wang Yunpeng , Duan Xuting , Tian Daxin , Zhou Jianshan , Lu Yingrong , Lu Guangquan
Published: June 2014

In vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) safety applications, vehicular position is fundamental information to achieve collision avoidance and fleet management. Now, position information is comprehensively provided by global positioning system (GPS). However, in the dense urban, due to multipath effect and signal occlusion, GPS-based positioning method potentially fails to provide accurate position information. For this reason, an assistant approach has been presented in this paper by using three-dimensional radio frequency, such as time of arrival (TOA) and direction of arrival (DOA). With the goal of providing an efficient and reliable estimation of vehicular position in general traffic scenarios, we propose a hybrid TOA/DOA positioning method based on Bayesian compressive sensing (BCS), which benefits from the realization of vehicle-to-roadside wireless interaction with the dedicated short range communication. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is proved through extensive experiments in several scenarios where different signal configurations and the noise conditions are taken into account. Moreover, some comparative experiments are also performed to confirm the strength of our proposed approach.
Construction of Fuzzy Map for Autonomous Mobile Robots Based on Fuzzy Confidence Model
Authors: Hou Jung-Fu , Chang Yau-Zen , Hsu Ming-Hsi , Lee Shih-Tseng , Wu Chieh-Tsai
Published: June 2014

This paper presents the use of fuzzy models to explicitly consider sensor uncertainty and finite resolution in solving the SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) problem for autonomous mobile robots. The approach establishes fuzzy confidence models in describing occupied obstacles and available space. The problem is transformed into an optimization task of minimizing the alignment error between newly scanned local fuzzy maps and selected parts of a developing global fuzzy map. In aligning local fuzzy maps into a global fuzzy map, we developed a prediction strategy to crop the most potential part from the sensed local fuzzy maps to be overlapped with the global fuzzy map. A mobile vehicle equipped with a laser range finder, the Hokuyo URG‐04LX, is used to demonstrate the procedure of fuzzy map building. Experimental results show that the proposed architecture is effective in generating a comprehensive global fuzzy map, which is suitable for both human comprehension and path design during real‐time navigation.
Assessment of the GHG Reduction Potential from Energy Crops Using a Combined LCA and Biogeochemical Process Models: A Review
Authors: Jiang Dong , Hao Mengmeng , Fu Jingying , Wang Qiao , Huang Yaohuan , Fu Xinyu
Published: June 2014

The main purpose for developing biofuel is to reduce GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions, but the comprehensive environmental impact of such fuels is not clear. Life cycle analysis (LCA), as a complete comprehensive analysis method, has been widely used in bioenergy assessment studies. Great efforts have been directed toward establishing an efficient method for comprehensively estimating the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction potential from the large-scale cultivation of energy plants by combining LCA with ecosystem/biogeochemical process models. LCA presents a general framework for evaluating the energy consumption and GHG emission from energy crop planting, yield acquisition, production, product use, and postprocessing. Meanwhile, ecosystem/biogeochemical process models are adopted to simulate the fluxes and storage of energy, water, carbon, and nitrogen in the soil-plant (energy crops) soil continuum. Although clear progress has been made in recent years, some problems still exist in current studies and should be addressed. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art method for estimating GHG emission reduction through developing energy crops and introduces in detail a new approach for assessing GHG emission reduction by combining LCA with biogeochemical process models. The main achievements of this study along with the problems in current studies are described and discussed.
Analysis on Passivity for Uncertain Neural Networks with Time‐Varying Delays
Authors: Kwon O. M. , Park M. J. , Park Ju H. , Lee S. M. , Cha E. J.
Published: June 2014

The problem of passivity analysis for neural networks with time‐varying delays and parameter uncertainties is considered. By the consideration of newly constructed Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functionals, improved sufficient conditions to guarantee the passivity of the concerned networks are proposed with the framework of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which can be solved easily by various efficient convex optimization algorithms. The enhancement of the feasible region of the proposed criteria is shown via two numerical examples by the comparison of maximum allowable delay bounds.
Study on Spectrum Estimation in Biophoton Emission Signal Analysis of Wheat Varieties
Authors: Liang Yitao , Song Hongxia , Liu Qin , Shi Weiya , Li Lan
Published: June 2014

The photon emission signal in visible range (380 nm–630 nm) was measured from various wheat kernels by means of a low noise photomultiplier system. To study the features of the photon emission signal, the spectrum estimation method of the photon emission signal is described for the first time. The biophoton emission signal, belonging to four varieties of wheat, is analyzed in time domain and frequency domain. It shows that the intensity of the biophoton emission signal for four varieties of wheat kernels is relatively weak and has dramatic changes over time. Mean and mean square value are obviously different in four varieties; the range was, respectively, 3.7837 and 74.8819. The difference of variance is not significant. The range is 1.1764. The results of power spectrum estimation deduced that the biophoton emission signal is a low frequency signal, and its power spectrum is mostly distributed in the frequency less than 0.1 Hz. Then three parameters, which are spectral edge frequency, spectral gravity frequency, and power spectral entropy, are adopted to explain the features of the kernels’ spontaneous biophoton emission signal. It shows that the parameters of the spontaneous biophoton emission signal for different varieties of wheat are similar.
Effect of the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Antagonist Eritoran on Retinochoroidal Inflammatory Damage in a Rat Model of Endotoxin-Induced Inflammation
Authors: Ekici Feyzahan , Karaca Emine Esra , Korkmaz Şafak , Yüksel Osman , Gülbahar Özlem , Alper Murat , Ercan Sevim , Or Meral
Published: June 2014

Purpose. We investigated the effect of eritoran, a Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist, on retinochoroidal inflammatory damage in an endotoxin-induced inflammatory rat model.Methods. Endotoxin-induced inflammatory model was obtained by intraperitoneal injection of 1.5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Group 1 had control rats; in groups 2-3 LPS and 0.5 mg/kg sterile saline were injected; and in groups 4-5 LPS and 0.5 mg/kg eritoran were injected. Blood samples were taken and eyes were enucleated after 12 hours (h) (groups 2 and 4) or 24 hours (Groups 3 and 5). Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the serum and retinochoroidal tissue and nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) levels in retinochoroidal tissue were determined. Histopathological examination was performed and retinochoroidal changes were scored.Results. Eritoran treatment resulted in lower levels of TNF-α, MDA, and NFκB after 12 h which became significant after 24 h. Serum TNF-αand retinochoroidal tissue NFκB levels were similar to control animals at the 24th h of the study. Eritoran significantly reversed histopathological damage after 24 h.Conclusions. Eritoran treatment resulted in less inflammatory damage in terms of serum and retinochoroidal tissue parameters.
Serum Free Light Chain Only Myeloma with Cytoplasmic IgM
Authors: Ebana Hideaki , Nakamura Ken-ichi , Nozawa Yoshihiro , Seki Ritsuko , Mita Masayuki
Published: June 2014

In the past decade, the serum free light chain (FLC) immunoassays have become widely available enabling greater sensitivity in the diagnosis and management of monoclonal light chain diseases. Here, we describe a rare case of serum free light chain only myeloma with cytoplasmic IgM. A 75-year-old woman presented with a progressively worsening lumbosacral pain. FDG PET/CT images showed increased FDG uptake in the sacral mass, vertebral bodies, and ribs. Laboratory data found hypogammaglobulinemia and the bone marrow aspirate revealed only 2.2% of plasma cells. The serum and urine protein electrophoresis did not detect a monoclonal band. However, the serum FLC immunoassays reported an abnormal kappa/lambda ratio (0.001) indicating the presence of monoclonal lambda FLC. The sacral tumor biopsy revealed proliferation of plasma cells and immunohistochemical staining showed that the plasma cells were positive for CD138, IgM, and lambda light chain but negative for CD20. This case may have previously been described as a nonsecretory IgM myeloma but recently would be identified as free light chain only myeloma. The immunohistochemical and genetic features of the clonal plasma cells in free light chain only myeloma need to be further investigated to better understand the relevance and incidence of this myeloma type.
On Softβ-Open Sets and Softβ-Continuous Functions
Authors: Akdag Metin , Ozkan Alkan
Published: June 2014

We introduce the concepts softβ-interior and softβ-closure of a soft set in soft topological spaces. We also study softβ-continuous functions and discuss their relations with soft continuous and other weaker forms of soft continuous functions.
Selective and Potent Akt Inhibition Triggers Anti-Myeloma Activities and Enhances Fatal Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced by Proteasome Inhibition
Authors: Mimura Naoya , Hideshima Teru , Shimomura Toshiyasu , Suzuki Rikio , Ohguchi Hiroto , Rizq Ola , Kikuchi Shohei , Yoshida Yasuhiro , Cottini Francesca , Jakubikova Jana , Cirstea Diana , Gorgun Gullu , Minami Jiro , Tai Yu-Tzu , Richardson Paul G. , Utsugi Teruhiro , Iwama Atsushi , Anderson Kenneth C.
Published: June 2014

The PI3K/Akt pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM) in the bone marrow (BM) milieu. However, efficacy of selective and potent Akt inhibition has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we, therefore, examined the biologic impact of selective and potent Akt inhibition by a novel allosteric inhibitor TAS-117. TAS-117 induced significant growth inhibition, associated with downregulation of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), selectively in MM cell lines with high baseline p-Akt. Cytotoxicity of TAS-117 was also observed in patient MM cells, but not in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Importantly, TAS-117 induced significant cytotoxicity in MM cells even in the presence of BM stromal cells, associated with inhibition of IL6 secretion. Oral administration of TAS-117 significantly inhibited human MM cell growth in murine xenograft models. TAS-117 triggered apoptosis and autophagy, as well as induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response with minimal expression of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), a fatal ER stress marker. Importantly, TAS-117 enhanced bortezomib-induced cytotoxicity, associated with increased CHOP and PARP cleavage and blockade of bortezomib-induced p-Akt, suggesting that TAS-117 augments bortezomib-induced ER stress and apoptotic signaling. Carfilzomib-induced cytotoxicity was similarly enhanced by TAS-117. Importantly, TAS-117 enhanced bortezomib-induced cytotoxicity in vivo, associated with prolonged host survival. Our results show that selective and potent Akt inhibition by TAS-117 triggers anti-MM activities in vitro and in vivo, as well as enhances cytotoxicity of proteasome inhibition, providing the preclinical framework for clinical evaluation of selective Akt inhibitors, alone and in combination with proteasome inhibitors in MM. Cancer Res; 74(16); 4458–69. ©2014 AACR.
Masterplan no. 24: Reflections on a proposal to Brasília
Authors: Sanches Aline Coelho , Tavares Jeferson
Published: June 2014

Analisa o projeto da equipe de Giancarlo Palanti e Henrique E. Mindlin premiado com o quinto lugar no Concurso para o Plano Piloto de Brasília, em 1957. Procura reconhecer as fontes do plano, suas matrizes, as idéias, os conceitos e os procedimentos que guiaram a sua elaboração. Conclui que o projeto é um exemplar de uma linhagem do urbanismo e do planejamento no Brasil, da década de 50. Apesar das similaridades e diálogos com outros projetos concorrentes, reconhece suas peculiaridades e qualidades ímpares.
Contribuições teóricas para o estudo do fenômeno urbano nos momentos iniciais de sua formação
Authors: Soares Josarlete Magalhães , Moraes Fernanda Borges de
Published: June 2014

Historicamente, as cidades têm desempenhado um papel importante no processo de estruturação da vida humana em sociedade, o que instiga o interesse em desvelar os agentes das intervenções sobre o território e os modos de fixação do povoamento e transformação do espaço natural. Com o intuito de orientar os pesquisadores interessados nesse assunto, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir algumas das abordagens utilizadas para a caracterização do meio urbano e apontar aspectos considerados fundamentais para o estudo do processo de formação das cidades. Nosso olhar se direciona fundamentalmente para o território brasileiro, buscando exemplos principalmente em Minas Gerais.
Historiografia e Habitação Social: Temas e Lugares por Meio dos Manuais de Arquitetura Brasileira
Authors: Nascimento Flávia Brito do
Published: June 2014

O presente artigo estuda a relação entre historiografia da arquitetura moderna brasileira e a habitação de interesse social, buscando problematizar o tema a partir dos textos canônicos. Objetiva levantar a perspectiva de compreensão das construções para as camadas populares vinculadas às expressões modernas e a atribuição de valor às mesmas no processo de escrita da história da arquitetura nacional. Buscaremos verificar como se constituiu versão historiográfica da arquitetura moderna brasileira que, ao colocar foco em certos personagens e eventos, gerou zonas de sobra nas realizações de âmbito estatal para atender às demandas cada vez mais prementes de moradia operária.
Ernesto Nathan Rogers e a polêmica da arquiteta brasileira
Authors: Sanches Aline Coelho
Published: June 2014

Entre 1954 e 1959 se desenvolvem duas polêmicas originadas da tentativa de se redefinir uma posição com relação à arquitetura moderna: aquela gerada pela crítica de Max Bull à arquitetura moderna brasileira e a crítia de Reyner Banham à arquitetura italiana. Nas duas, Ernesto Nathan Rogers e a revista <>, dirigida por ele, tiveram parte importante. Esclarecer o papel de Rogers na primeira polêmica, a relação entre suas idéias e obras e a arquitetura  brasileira e a rede de relações que estabeleceu no Brasil, é um dos objetivos deste artigo, assim como discutir temas e problemas levantados pelo episódio e repensar a sua atualidade.
A casa [própria] alugada: questões da política pública habitacional
Authors: Araujo Ana Cristina da Silva
Published: June 2014

O presente artigo trata do arrendamento residencial como possibilidade de diminuição do déficit habitacional brasileiro, discutindo os conceitos presentes no paradigma da casa própria e a contribuição de pesquisa empírica realizada no Residencial Cavalari, em Marília/SP, como base para compreensão do rompimento desta construção social arraigada no ideário da população brasileira, em face da expressiva difusão do Programa de Arrendamento Residencial.
Derivações de um discurso ou As Córdobas de Miguel Angel Roca
Authors: Souza Gisela Barcellos de
Published: June 2014

Este artigo aborda a construção do discurso e relação dialética que este estabelece com a prática que busca legitimar através da análise do processo de derivação do discurso de Miguel Angel Roca sobre do conjunto de sua obra, de modo geral, e sobre suas intervenções urbanas em Córdoba, em específico. Destarte, registram-se e analisam-se os movimentos através dos quais a reflexão do arquiteto argentino sobre sua produção desvia-se e afasta-se de seu referencial inicial em Kahn e na filosofia para aproxima-se do ideário da cidade figurativa.
Estomas intestinais (ileostomias e colostomias) e anastomoses intestinais
Authors: Rocha José J. Ribeiro da
Published: June 2014

Estomas intestinais consistem na exteriorização do íleo ou cólon para o meio externo através da paredeabdominal. Anastomoses intestinais são suturas entre dois segmentos do tubo digestivo para areconstituição do trânsito intestinal. Tipos, classificação, indicações, complicações e a técnica sãodiscutidos
O ciclo da vesícula sináptica, espinhos dendríticos e a transdução de sinal
Authors: Merlo Suélen , Brusco Janaína , Padovan-Neto Fernando E. , Rohner Carlos J.S. , Ikeda Érika T. , Ross Jana B. de , Bueno Júnior Lezio S. , Ruggiero Rafael N. , Fachim Helene A. , Moreira Jorge E.
Published: June 2014

No sistema nervoso, a sinapse é a estrutura que permite a um neurônio passar um sinal elétrico ouquímico a outro neurônio ou outra célula (muscular ou glandular). A palavra sinapse vem de "synaptein",palavra que Sir Charles Scott Sherrington e seus colegas acunharam do grego "syn" (junto) e "haptein"(afivelar). As sinapses podem ser separadas entre elétricas e químicas, porém a maior parte da transmissão sináptica é realizada através das sinapses químicas. Apesar das sinapses químicas teremuma resposta mais lenta que as elétricas, elas possuem a vantagem da amplificação do sinal geradaatravés de uma cascata de segundos mensageiros. As sinapses químicas podem ser excitatórias ouinibitórias e são caracterizadas por um terminal pré-sináptico (onde estão presentes as vesículas quecontêm os neurotransmissores) em contato com um terminal pós-sináptico (onde estão presentes osreceptores ionotrópicos e metabotrópicos para esses neurotransmissores) separados pela fenda sináptica. As sinapses típicas acontecem sobre axônios (axo-axônicas), sobre dendritos (axo-dendríticas), sobre o soma de outro neurônio (axo-somáticas) e sobre os espinhos dendríticos. Os espinhosdendríticos são pequenas profusões da membrana celular especializadas na compartimentalizaçãosináptica. Atualmente há muita informação sobre a biossíntese dos neurotransmissores clássicoscomo acetilcolina, glutamato, GABA, glicina, dopamina, noradrenalina e serotonina e os seus receptores específicos para o funcionamento do sistema nervoso central (SNC). Ao mesmo tempo o estudo denovas substâncias neurotransmissoras (por exemplo ATP, óxido nítrico, endocanabinóides e neuropeptídeos) tem avançado enormemente. Esta revisão é uma seleção resumida de informações fundamentais a partir da literatura mais recente dos principais aspectos funcionais e moleculares do ciclo davesícula sináptica, da composição da densidade pós-sináptica, dos espinhos dendríticos e do mecanismo de transdução de sinal.
Efeitos da prática da natação adaptada sobre o perfil bioquímico e o estado de condicionamento físico de indivíduos com lesão medular
Authors: Almeida Patricia A. de , Barbosa Valéria R.C. , Dias Matheus C. , Neiva Cassiano M.
Published: June 2014

Introdução: A ausência de exercícios físicos gerada pela imobilização dos membros inferiores conduza mudanças na composição corporal que geralmente estão associadas com o desequilíbrio da taxametabólica que somados ao estado sedentário podem resultar em obesidade, diabetes mellitus edoenças cardiovasculares. Assim, a melhora do condicionamento físico pode contribuir para promoçãode saúde e qualidade de vida desses indivíduos. Como existe um número muito reduzido de pesquisasnesse sentido, nossa proposta foi investigar os efeitos de um programa de natação adaptada, emprotocolo intervalado, para pessoas com lesão medular, tendo como objetivo verificar a melhora do seucondicionamento físico e, conseqüentemente, de algumas variáveis bioquímicas importantes para asaúde. Metodologia: Participaram do estudo 17 indivíduos com lesão medular, sedentários, distribuí-dos em 2 grupos: 11 participantes do grupo treinamento (GT) e 6 do grupo controle (GC). No GT foiaplicado um protocolo de treinamento intervalado em natação, durante oito semanas consecutivas, 3vezes por semana. O protocolo empregou a braçada do nado peito, nos períodos de trabalho de intensidade moderada a intensa, e a braçada do nado costas, nos períodos de recuperação ativa. O GC nãoparticipou de nenhuma atividade física. Em ambos os grupos foi realizada a coleta de sangue para aanálise bioquímica, antes (avaliação) e após (reavaliação) o programa de natação. Resultados e Discussão: As concentrações de triglicerídeos, colesterol total e LDL-colesterol não apresentaram altera-ções significativas da avaliação para a reavaliação, em ambos os grupos. Entretanto no GT, na dosagem de HDL-colesterol foram observadas diferenças significativas (p=0,0110), evidenciando umamelhora na fase pós-treinamento, o que não ocorreu no GC. Com relação ao estado de condicionamento físico, os resultados revelaram uma diferença significativa em relação ao tempo e à distância percorrida na água quando comparados com a fase pré-treinamento (p<0,001), demonstrando uma grande melhora na capacidade de deslocamento com a braçada do nado peito e uma melhora significativa dafunção cardiorrespiratória. Conclusão: O programa de natação intervalado empregado, com intensidade de moderada à intensa, pode, mesmo em curto período de tempo, promover alterações positivasnos valores de HDL-colesterol dos indivíduos com lesão medular estudados, além de melhorar substancialmente seu condicionamento físico.
Qualidade de vida na síndrome do intestino curto: em um único centro
Authors: Carvalho Adriana L. , Sicchieri Juliana M. F. , Marchini Julio S. , Santos Manoel Antônio dos , Navarro Anderson M.
Published: June 2014

Modelo do estudo: Estudo de corte transversal do tipo descritivo e exploratório realizado na enfermariada Unidade Metabólica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP). Objetivos do estudo: Avaliar a aplicabilidade do Quality of Life Core- 30 Questionnaire (QLQ - C30), não específico para Síndrome do intestino curto (SIC) em portadores dasíndrome. Metodologia: Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado como instrumento o questionário EORTCQLQ-C30 (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire/Quality of Life Core - 30 Questionnaire) versão 3.0 em português. O estudo foi realizado com 6 pacientescom SIC. Resultados: A aplicabilidade deste questionário foi adequada; o escore médio obtido nestaamostra foi considerado satisfatório (escore médio = 70,7). Conclusões: Os domínios mais afetadosforam: Função Emocional e sintomas: dor, insônia, fadiga e diarréia. A aplicação do questionário QLQ -C30 possibilitou avaliar a percepção dos pacientes quanto a sua condição de saúde e qualidade devida, revelando pontos importantes que devem ser considerados pela equipe.
Alterações na expressão de genes para citocinas, fatores de crescimento e seus receptores estão associadas com as neoplasias epiteliais ovarianas
Authors: Souza Ana Élida Nogueira , Esmeraldo Maria Irisleide Diógenes Bezerra , Araújo Vinícius Ramalho Dantas , Silva José Roberto Viana
Published: June 2014

O câncer de ovário é o câncer ginecológico de maior letalidade e mais difícil de ser diagnosticado. Cercade 3/4 dos tumores malignos de ovário apresentam-se em estágio avançado no momento do diagnóstico inicial. A etiologia do câncer de ovário parece ser multifatorial, incluindo fatores reprodutivos, familiares e pessoais. Diversos fatores envolvidos no desenvolvimento do câncer de ovário vêm sendo estudados, buscando melhor entender seu desenvolvimento. O tumor originado do epitélio superficial do ovário é o tipo mais frequente e tem sido associado com alterações na expressão de kit ligante (KL), do receptor de fator epidermal de crescimento (EGF-R), assim como a super expressão e ativação de genes como o HER, myc, ras e p53. O objetivo desta revisão é descrever as características dos tipos de tumores ovarianos e discutir a influência das gonadotrofinas e as alterações na expressão de genespara citocinas, fatores de crescimento e seus receptores nas neoplasias ovarianas.
Características da síndrome metabólica associados à esteatose hepática
Authors: Knopfholz José , Marques Gustavo R. , Fernandes Tadeu A. , Seleme Vinícius B. , Disserol Caio C. D.
Published: June 2014

Modelo do estudo: estudo transversal de base populacional realizado em ambulatórios e unidades de saúde em Curitiba - Paraná - Brasil. Objetivo: evidenciar quais são os principais fatores de risco cardiovascular da síndrome metabólica(SM) associados à esteatose hepática (EH. Metodologia: 75 pacientes com SM, sob tratamento ou não, após preencher os critérios de inclusão ou exclusão da pesquisa, foram submetidos à ultrassonografia hepática para investigar a presença de EH.Em seguida, foi avaliada a relação entre EH e fatores de risco cardiovasculares da SM. Resultados: independente da idade, gênero e hipertensão arterial, pacientes com intolerância à glicose ou diabetes mellitus têm maior risco de EH que os pacientes com glicose sérica normal (p<0,05). Menos relevante, hipertensão também demonstrou associação com EH. Conclusão: fatores de risco cardiovasculares da SM podem estar associados à EH. A alteração no metabolismo da glicose parece ser o fator fisiopatológico mais importante associado ao dano hepático.
Osteoartropatia hipertrófica associada a linfoepitelioma de nasofaringe: relato de caso
Authors: Cotrim Deborah P. , Soares Priscila B.M.
Published: June 2014

Neoplasias malignas de nasofaringe são muito raras e apresentam dois picos de incidência: antes dos30 anos e entre a 4ª e 5ª década de vida. No entanto, é incomum após os 60 anos de idade. Em raroscasos, alguns pacientes apresentam na forma de síndrome paraneoplásica a Osteoartropia Hipertrófica(OAH). Este relato de caso, nós descrevemos um caso de OAH associada a linfoepitelioma denasofaringe em um paciente de 77 anos, representando um condição extremamente incomum.
Efeito de um protocolo de treinamento concorrente sobre fatores de risco para o acúmulo de gordura hepática de adolescentes obesos
Authors: Monteiro Paula A. , Antunes Barbara M. M. , Silveira Loreana S. , Fernandes Romulo A. , Freitas Jr Ismael F.
Published: June 2014

Modelo de estudo: Estudo prospectivo. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de um protocolo de treinamento concorrente com duração de 16 semanas sobre fatores de risco para o acúmulo de gordura hepática de jovens obesos. Metodologia: A amostra foi formada por 38 indivíduos obesos de ambos os sexos e com idade entre 12 e 15 anos. A obesidade foi atestada pelo percentual de gordura corporal, o qual foi estimado pela absortometria radiológica de dupla energia (DEXA). Adicionalmente, a quantidade de gordura localizada no tronco (kg) foi estimada também. Antes e após a intervenção, os jovens foram submetidos a exames bioquímicos de sangue(perfil lipídico completo em jejum [mg/dL]) e a ultrassonografia do fígado (tamanho dos lobos direito [LD em cm] e esquerdo [LE em cm]). A Intervenção consistiu de treinamento concorrente (treino resistido [30 minutos] e aeróbio [30 minutos]) com três sessões semanais, totalizando 180 minutos por semana. A análise estatística foi composta pelo teste t de Student para dados pareados, utilizando o software SPSS (17.0), e significância estatística fixada em p<5%. Resultados: Após a intervenção, foram observadas melhoras significantes no percentual de gordura total (PRÉ: 45,1±5,3 e PÓS: 41,7±5,6; p= 0,001) ena região do tronco (PRÉ: 46,5±5,6 e PÓS: 42,9±6,3; p= 0,001). Para o perfil lipídico, houve redução no colesterol total (PRÉ: 164±34 e PÓS: 148±29; p= 0,001), triglicérides (PRÉ: 118±59 e PÓS: 104±53; p=0,002) e lipoproteínas de baixa densidade (PRÉ: 100±29 e PÓS: 85±26; p= 0,001), porém, não para as de alta densidade (p= 0,981). Tanto o LE (PRÉ: 8,8±1,4 e PÓS: 7,8±1,3; p= 0,001) como o LD (PRÉ:13,6±1,3 e PÓS: 12,9±1,1; p= 0,001) sofreram diminuição em suas proporções. Conclusão: Em jovens obesos, o treinamento concorrente foi eficiente no combate a alguns fatores de risco ao acúmulo de gordura no fígado, bem como, na redução da gordura em ambos os lobos do órgão.
Hipertensão arterial sistêmica primária
Authors: Nobre Fernando , Coelho Eduardo Barbosa , Lopes Paulo César , Geleilete Tufik J. M.
Published: June 2014

Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) é doença de alta prevalência e determinante de alta morbidade e mortalidade senão adequadamente diagnosticada e apropriadamente tratada.O diagnóstico depende da medida correta da pressão arterial (PA), utlizando-se atualmente métodos alternativos à medida convencional de consultório como a Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial (MAPA) ou a Monitorização Residencial da Pressão Arterial (MRPA).Uma adequada estratificação do risco adicional ao valor da PA obtido é indispensável para uma planificação do tratamento e o alcance das metas desejadas para cada grupo de indivíduos.Manter os pacientes sob o tratamento é necessário e desejável para que os benefícios auferidos com o tratamento, medicamentoso e não medicamentoso, sejam obtidos.
Therapeutic indications and adverse reactions to intravenous gammaglobulin
Authors: Florí Núria Matamoros
Published: June 2014

The first therapeutic indication, and still currently the most applied of gamma globulin, is the one which uses its substitutive capacity in patients with antibodies deficiencies. Its immunomodulatory effectiveness with pro and anti-inflammatory activity holds a second place in their indications, in autoimmune and inflammatory illnesses. The first gamma globulin to be used in patients with agammaglobulinemia in the 50’s, were of intramuscular administration, with significant limitations on the volume and the infusion’s amount, as well as being painful . For over 20 years intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been widely used in human pathology. The first proteolytic enzyme-treated intravenous immunoglobulins allowed large doses infusions, thereby getting higher levels of IgC circulating in plasma, a subclass profile similar to the normal population, as well as a much higher average life expectancy. The pharmaceutical industry efforts brought about new more purified and viral safer immunoglobulins. The Cohn and cold ethanol methods were quickly supplemented with ulterior procedures that strengthened the viral safety of these products. The application of molecular techniques to the screening study of plasma donors, as well as incorporating new viral inactivation procedures during its manufacture, have made of IVIG a safe product whose consumption has exponentially increased in recent years. IVIG’s high cost, the hypothetical plasma supply problems and risks associated to its administration made essential the writing of usage protocols for official agencies, which, besides, hospitals also adopted.
Desafio anatômico: uma metodologia capaz de auxiliar no aprendizado de anatomia humana
Authors: Araújo Junior Josival P. , Galvão Gabriel A. S. , Marega Patricia , Baptista Josemberg S. , Beber Eduardo H. , Seyfert Carlos E.
Published: June 2014

Em 2007 a cidade de Cajazeiras-PB recebeu a implantação do curso de Medicina pela Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. Neste processo, os docentes se depararam com várias dificuldades. Para propor melhoras e até, suplementação da carga de conceitos em Anatomia Humana, foi criada uma atividade didática chamada “Desafio Anatômico”, no qual os discentes eram instruídos a confeccionar modelos anatômicos que fossem didáticos a ponto de serem usados nas aulas, auxiliando o conteúdoda disciplina. Após a apresentação dos trabalhos, os discentes mostraram-se satisfeitos com os resultados, sobretudo sob o ponto de vista de transmissão de conhecimento e absorção de conteúdo. Desta maneira, esta experiência mostrou-se positiva e singular para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da anatomia no curso médico, pois a mesma estimulou de diversas formas a criatividade, memória e trabalho em grupo dos participantes.
Sex-Specific T-Cell Regulation of Angiotensin II–Dependent Hypertension
Authors: Ji Hong , Zheng Wei , Li Xiangjun , Liu Jun , Wu Xie , Zhang Monan Angela , Umans Jason G. , Hay Meredith , Speth Robert C. , Dunn Shannon E. , Sandberg Kathryn
Published: June 2014

Studies suggest T cells modulate arterial pressure. Because robust sex differences exist in the immune system and in hypertension, we investigated sex differences in T-cell modulation of angiotensin II–induced increases in mean arterial pressure in male (M) and female (F) wild-type and recombination-activating-gene-1–deficient (Rag1
−/−
) mice. Sex differences in peak mean arterial pressure in wild-type were lost in Rag1
−/−
mice (mm Hg: wild-type-F, 136±4.9 versus wild-type-M, 153±1.7;
P
<0.02; Rag1
−/−
-F, 135±2.1 versus Rag1
−/−
-M, 141±3.8). Peak mean arterial pressure was 13 mm Hg higher after adoptive transfer of male (CD3
M
→Rag1
−/−
-M) versus female (CD3
F
→Rag1
−/−
-M) T cells. CD3
M
→Rag1
−/−
-M mice exhibited higher splenic frequencies of proinflammatory interleukin-17A (2.4-fold) and tumor necrosis factor-α (2.2-fold)–producing T cells and lower plasma levels (13-fold) and renal mRNA expression (2.4-fold) of interleukin-10, whereas CD3
F
→Rag1
−/−
-M mice displayed a higher activation state in general and T-helper-1–biased renal inflammation. Greater T-cell infiltration into perivascular adipose tissue and kidney associated with increased pressor responses to angiotensin II if the T cell donor was male but not female and these sex differences in T-cell subset expansion and tissue infiltration were maintained for 7 to 8 weeks within the male host. Thus, the adaptive immune response and role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine signaling in hypertension are distinct between the sexes and need to be understood to improve therapeutics for hypertension-associated disease in both men and women.
Comparative morphometrics and relative growth of Cherax quadricarinatus (Von Martens, 1868) males and females
Authors: Rodríguez A. C. , Rodríguez A. C. , Alvarez S. H. , Rodríguez A. C. , Alvarez S. H. , Ibáñez A. L.
Published: June 2014

The relative growth of Cherax quadricarinatus (Von Martens, 1868) males and females under laboratory conditions was analysed using eight somatic measurements. The allometry of each measurement was estimated in relation to total length. The morphometrics were analysed using the original values, as well as normalized data from each group. Two multivariate analyses were carried out: reciprocal averaging and principal components. The results showed that the two sexes have a similar relative growth. However, differences between the sexes were recorded with respect to shape, though not to size. This was observed through the reciprocal averaging analysis after normalization of the individuals in each group. The morphometric variables that differentiated the sexes were the width and length of the chela, followed by the length of the abdomen. Thus, this analysis was useful to determine the shape differences between the sexes in culture.
Precedent and Perception: Muslim Records That Contradict Narratives on Women
Authors: Khalafallah Haifaa G.
Published: June 2014

Muslims who insist on the seclusion of women or their exclusion from men’s gatherings are now routinely dismissed as extremists. That is inaccurate. Many such Muslims follow only key works of fiqh (Muslim scholarly legacy), which modern academics designate as pristine, classical Islam. But this fact leaves important questions unanswered: Why the early Muslim precedents do not always reflect this classical Islam? Why do Arabic-speakers enthusiastically embrace contradictory perceptions of the Sunna on women, that is, the excellent examples set in their communities in Islam’s early centuries? Cracked historical lenses have been the mainstay of such conflicting beliefs, not extremism or irrationality. This article focuses on the disparities between Muslim records and their dominant narratives in presentations of exemplary women. How a particular worldview carefully designed an outline of history that created two separate stores of Muslim memories—one operational and the other latent—reveals the power of such precedents. The article concludes that, despite strides in contemporary research, led by many women, their brilliant findings could remain irrelevant What matters is that the bolted door of the formal narrative opens to admit standards set by long dead and (in Muslim views) excellent women to its store of valid precedents with which the faithful deduce Shariʿa rules/laws.
Medical Confidentiality and Patient Safety: Reporting Procedures
Authors: Abbing Henriette Roscam
Published: June 2014

Medical confidentiality is of individual and of general interest. Medical confidentiality is not absolute. European countries differ in their legislative approaches of consent for data-sharing and lawful breaches of medical confidentiality. An increase of interference by the legislator with medical confidentiality is noticeable. In the Netherlands for instance this takes the form of new mandatory duties to report resp. of legislation providing for a release of medical confidentiality in specific situations, often under the condition that reporting takes place on the basis of a professional code that includes elements imposed by the legislator (e.g. (suspicion of ) child abuse, domestic violence). Legislative interference must not result in the patient loosing trust in healthcare. To avoid erosion of medical confidentiality, (comparative) effectiveness studies and privacy impact assessments are necessary (European and national level). Medical confidentiality should be a subject of permanent education of health personnel.
Hobbes on the Reality of Time
Authors: Gorham Geoffrey
Published: June 2014

Hobbes insists that motion, which plays numerous important roles in his natural philosophy, presupposes time. But he seems to advance a reductionist, even idealist, conception of time itself. For example, he denies that time itself can measure motion; rather motion measures time. Indeed, time is ‘imaginary’ and only the present is strictly real. In various ways, these views of time threaten to undermine the ‘motionalist’ foundations of Hobbes’s mechanical philosophy. This paper aims to block these threats by developing a realist interpretation of Hobbesian time, analogous to his conception of ‘real space’. This real time serves as an objective framework for motion in Hobbes’s natural philosophy.
A Completely Star Performance?
Authors: Mauch Peter
Published: June 2014

The Australian government in January 1940 appointed Richard Gardiner Casey minister to the United States. He sought both U.S. support for Britain in its war against Nazi Germany, and a U.S. guarantee to preserve Australian security in the face of an aggressive and threatening Japan. When Casey’s mission ended in March 1942, the United States had entered war in both the Atlantic and the Pacific. The limits to Casey’s ministerial influence were such, however, that one hardly can credit him with having delivered U.S. belligerency. The existing literature nonetheless locates merit in Casey’s ministerial mission, particularly in his highly effective public diplomacy and also in his ability to remain abreast of key U.S. decisions and strategy. This essay takes no particular issue with these findings. Instead, it finds value elsewhere in Casey’s mission, and in particular in the delicate balance he struck between his twin loyalties, to both Australia and the British Empire. It also departs from the existing literature insofar as it identifies a number of issues and episodes that call into question Casey’s accomplishments and acumen.
The International Criminal Court and the Nigerian Crisis
Authors: Badar Mohamed Elewa , Amin ElSayed M. A. , Higgins Noelle
Published: June 2014

Since its foundation in 1999 Boko Haram has carried out numerous acts of violence on the territory of Nigeria constituting gross violations of human rights. The Office of the Prosecutor (otp) of the International Criminal Court (icc) has been monitoring the violence between Boko Haram and Nigerian armed forces as part of a preliminary investigation. It has stated that the violence between Boko Haram and the armed forces has reached the level of a non-international armed conflict and that there is reason to believe that Boko Haram is responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity. This article assesses certain types of behaviour of Boko Haram from an Islamic law perspective and examines whether Islamic law condemns or justifies such acts. Arguably, it would help the icc in asserting the legitimacy of its judgments, if it was able to prove that such judgments are compatible with the legal and belief system recognised by the actors at trial. In turn it would enable the Court to deal with at least some of the criticisms aimed at it for being an imperialistic institution.