bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epoxy-Containing Ionic Liquids with Tunable Functionality
Authors: Tsuda Tetsuya , Iwasaki Kazuki , Kumagai Kohei , Kuwabata Susumu
Published: July 2019

New types of ionic liquids (ILs) with an epoxy group on a piperidinium-type cation were successfully synthesized by the simple anion exchange reaction of a solid 1-allyl-1-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)piperidinium bromide, which was designed in this study. Unfortunately, the physicochemical properties, e.g., viscosity and ionic conductivity, of the ILs were inferior to those of common ILs such as 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C2mim][BF4]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([C4mim][Tf2N]). However, the resulting ILs are of great interest as reaction intermediates: For example, the epoxy group on the cation could react with various reagents, including CO2. Consequently, the modification of the cation structure in the ILs was possible. This is particularly interesting because it is very difficult to modify commonly used ILs. The approach established in this article will provide a favorable synthetic route for creating novel functional ILs in the future.
Distribution of Volatile Compounds in Different Fruit Structures in Four Tomato Cultivars
Authors: Li Jian , Di Taiju , Bai Jinhe
Published: July 2019

Distribution of volatile compounds in different fruit structures were analyzed in four tomato cultivars by headspace-solid-phase microextraction (SPME)-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 36 volatile compounds were identified in fruit samples, which were primarily aldehydes, hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, furans, esters, nitrogen compounds, and sulfur and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. The volatile compositions in pericarp (PE), septa and columella (SC), locular gel and seeds (LS), and stem end (SE) tissues showed different profiles. The PE tissue showed the highest total volatile concentration due to a high abundance of aldehydes, especially cis-3-hexenal and benzaldehyde. Meanwhile, it showed higher aromatic proportion and herbaceous series intensity than other tissues. Floral and fruity series showed higher intensity in SC and LS tissues. The concentration of alcohols in the LS was higher than that in other tissues in association with the higher abundances of 2-methyl propanol, 3-methyl butanol, and 2-methyl butanol. However, the numbers and concentrations of volatile compounds, especially cis-3-hexenal, benzaldehyde, and geranyl acetone were lower in SE than in the other tissues, indicating less tomato aromas in SE. SE tissues were also lacking in floral and fruity characteristic compounds, such as geranyl acetone, 1-nitro-pentane, and 1-nitro-2-phenylethane. “FL 47” contained more volatile compounds than the other three, and the contents of aldehydes, ketones and oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds in the “Tygress” fruit were higher than the other cultivars.
Evidence for Toxic Advanced Glycation End-Products Generated in the Normal Rat Liver
Authors: Takata Takanobu , Sakasai-Sakai Akiko , Takino Jun-ichi , Takeuchi Masayoshi
Published: July 2019

Glucose/fructose in beverages/foods containing high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) are metabolized to glyceraldehyde (GA) in the liver. We previously reported that GA-derived advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) are generated and may induce the onset/progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We revealed that the generation of TAGE in the liver and serum TAGE levels were higher in NAFLD patients than in healthy humans. Although we propose the intracellular generation of TAGE in the normal liver, there is currently no evidence to support this, and the levels of TAGE produced have not yet been measured. In the present study, male Wister/ST rats that drank normal water or 10% HFCS 55 (HFCS beverage) were maintained for 13 weeks, and serum TAGE levels and intracellular TAGE levels in the liver were analyzed. Rats in the HFCS group drank 127.4 mL of the HFCS beverage each day. Serum TAGE levels and intracellular TAGE levels in the liver both increased in the HFCS group. A positive correlation was observed between intracellular TAGE levels in the liver and serum TAGE levels. On the other hand, in male Wister/ST rats that drank Lactobacillus beverage for 12 weeks—a commercial drink that contains glucose, fructose, and sucrose— no increases were observed in intracellular TAGE or serum TAGE levels. Intracellular TAGE were generated in the normal rat liver, and their production was promoted by HFCS, which may increase the risk of NAFLD.
The Role of Mitochondria in Sex-Dependent Differences in Hepatic Steatosis and Oxidative Stress in Response to Cafeteria Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice
Authors: Morais Mewes Juliana , Rodrigues Silva Gasparin Fabiana , Yoshida Tiago , Amâncio Daniel da Silva Mariana , Raquel Marçal Natali Maria , Francisco Veiga Bizerra Paulo , Sayuri Utsunomiya Karina , Hideo Gilglioni Eduardo , Shigueaki Mito Marcio , Cristiane Mantovanelli Gislaine , Thais Lima de Souza Byanca , Makiyama Klosowski Eduardo , Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto Emy , Constantin Jorgete , Polimeni Constantin Rodrigo
Published: July 2019

Female mice fed a cafeteria diet (FCaf) develop higher liver steatosis and oxidative stress than males (MCaf) as a consequence of unresolved ER stress. Here, we investigated whether mitochondria play a role in this sex difference. The isolated mitochondria from FCaf showed more signs of oxidative stress than those of MCaf, correlated with a reduced content of GSH, increased amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lower activities of enzymes involved in ROS neutralisation. Mitochondria from FCaf and MCaf livers exhibited lower rates of succinate-driven state III respiration and reduced ATPase activity in intact coupled mitochondria compared to their controls fed a standard diet (FC and MC), with no differences between the sexes. Fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria and peroxisomes was higher in MCaf and FCaf compared to their respective controls. In the intact perfused liver, there was no difference between sex or diet regarding the fatty acid oxidation rate. These results indicated that cafeteria diet did not affect mitochondrial energy metabolism, even in FCaf livers, which have higher steatosis and cellular oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the increase in mitochondrial ROS generation associated with a decrease in the antioxidant defence capacity, probably contributes to inducing or reinforcing the ER stress in FCaf livers.
Adjuvant Effect of Molecular Iodine in Conventional Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Moreno-Vega Aura , Vega-Riveroll Laura , Ayala Tonatiuh , Peralta Guillermo , Torres-Martel José Miguel , Rojas Joel , Mondragón Perla , Domínguez Adriana , De Obaldía Rodrigo , Avecilla-Guerrero Carlos , Anguiano Brenda , Delgado-González Evangelina , Zambrano-Estrada Xóchitl , Cuenca-Micó Olga , De La Puente Flores Olivia , Varela-Echavarría Alfredo , Aceves Carmen
Published: July 2019

This study analyzes an oral supplement of molecular iodine (I2), alone and in combination with the neoadjuvant therapy 5-fluorouracil/epirubicin/cyclophosphamide or taxotere/epirubicin (FEC/TE) in women with Early (stage II) and Advanced (stage III) breast cancer. In the Early group, 30 women were treated with I2 (5 mg/day) or placebo (colored water) for 7–35 days before surgery. For the Advanced group, 30 patients received I2 or placebo, along with FEC/TE treatment. After surgery, all patients received FEC/TE + I2 for 170 days. I2 supplementation showed a significant attenuation of the side effects and an absence of tumor chemoresistance. The control, I2, FEC/TE, and FEC/TE + I2 groups exhibited response rates of 0, 33%, 73%, and 100%, respectively, and a pathologic complete response of 18%, and 36% in the last two groups. Five-year disease-free survival rate was significantly higher in patients treated with the I2 supplement before and after surgery compared to those receiving the supplement only after surgery (82% versus 46%). I2-treated tumors exhibit less invasive potential, and significant increases in apoptosis, estrogen receptor expression, and immune cell infiltration. Transcriptomic analysis indicated activation of the antitumoral immune response. The results led us to register a phase III clinical trial to analyze chemotherapy + I2 treatment for advanced breast cancer.
Vegetable Consumption and Factors Associated with Increased Intake among College Students: A Scoping Review of the Last 10 Years
Authors: Mello Rodrigues Vanessa , Bray Jeffery , Fernandes Ana Carolina , Luci Bernardo Greyce , Hartwell Heather , Secchi Martinelli Suellen , Lazzarin Uggioni Paula , Barletto Cavalli Suzi , Proença Rossana Pacheco da Costa
Published: July 2019

Vegetable consumption is a predictor for improved health outcomes, such as reduced obesity and likelihood of food-related noncommunicable diseases. Young adults are a key population, being in a transitional stage-of-life: Habits gained here are taken through the lifespan. This review establishes insight into the consumption of vegetables among young adults during their college/university years, and factors associated with increased consumption. Seventy-one papers were extracted, published between January 2009 and October 2018. Search terms related to consumption; vegetables; and college/university setting and sample. A diverse range of definitions, guidelines, and study approaches were observed. Findings identify that the majority of students do not consume World Health Organization recommendations. Being female was the most frequent predictor of higher intake of vegetables, and no consumption patterns were identified by countries. Living at family home; body mass index; happiness and stress level; perceived importance of healthy eating; socioeconomic level; breakfast consumption; stage of study; openness to new experiences; sleep pattern; nutrition knowledge; activity level; alcohol usage; and energy intake were identified as influential factors. Public policies and new strategies to encourage vegetable consumption among college students are indispensable, especially targeting subgroups with even lower intakes, such as males and those living outside family home.
Fenofibrate Nanocrystal Composite Microparticles for Intestine-Specific Oral Drug Delivery System
Authors: Kevadiya Bhavesh D. , Chen Liang , Zhang Lu , Thomas Midhun B. , Davé Rajesh N.
Published: July 2019

Hydrophobic drug nanocrystals (NCs) manufactured by particle engineering have been extensively investigated for enhanced oral bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. However, there are significant drawbacks, including fast dissolution of the nanocrystals in the gastric environment, leading to physicochemical instability. To solves this issue, we developed an innovative technique that involves the encapsulation of nanocrystals in composite spherical microparticles (NCSMs). Fenofibrate (FNB) NCs (FNB-NCs) manufactured by a wet stirred media milling (WSMM) technique and an ionotropic crosslinking method were used for FNB-NC encapsulation within gastroresistant NCSMs. Various solid-state methods were used for characterizing NCSMs. The pH-sensitive NCSMs showed a site-specific release pattern at alkaline pH and nearly 0% release at low pH (gastric environment). This phenomenon was confirmed by a real-time in situ UV-imaging system known as the surface dissolution imager (SDI), which was used to monitor drug release events by measuring the color intensity and concentration gradient formation. All these results proved that our NCSM approach is an innovative idea in oral drug delivery systems, as it resolves significant challenges in the intestine-specific release of hydrophobic drugs while avoiding fast dissolution or burst release.
In Vitro–In Vivo Correlations Based on In Vitro Dissolution of Parent Drug Diltiazem and Pharmacokinetics of Its Metabolite
Authors: Mircioiu Constantin , Anuta Valentina , Mircioiu Ion , Nicolescu Adrian , Fotaki Nikoletta
Published: July 2019

In this study a novel type of in vitro–in vivo correlation (IVIVC) is proposed: The correlation of the in vitro parent drug dissolution data with the in vivo pharmacokinetic data of drug’s metabolite after the oral administration of the parent drug. The pharmacokinetic data for the parent drug diltiazem (DTZ) and its desacetyl diltiazem metabolite (DTZM) were obtained from an in vivo study performed in 19 healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetics of the parent drug and its metabolite followed a pseudomono-compartmental model and deconvolution of the DTZ or DTZM plasma concentration profiles was performed with a Wagner–Nelson-type equation. The calculated in vivo absorption fractions were correlated with the in vitro DTZ dissolution data obtained with USP 2 apparatus. A linear IVIVC was obtained for both DTZ and DTZM, with a better correlation observed for the case of the metabolite. This type of correlation of the in vitro data of the parent compound with the in vivo data of the metabolite could be useful for the development of drugs with active metabolites and prodrugs.
Identification and Quantification of Cell Gas Evolution in Rigid Polyurethane Foams by Novel GCMS Methodology
Authors: Galakhova Anastasiia , Santiago-Calvo Mercedes , Tirado-Mediavilla Josias , Villafañe Fernando , Rodríguez-Pérez Miguel Ángel , Riess Gisbert
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a new methodology based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) in order to separate and quantify the gases presented inside the cells of rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams. To demonstrate this novel methodology, the gas composition along more than three years of aging is herein determined for two samples: a reference foam and foam with 1.5 wt% of talc. The GCMS method was applied, on one hand, for the accurate determination of C5H10 and CO2 cell gases used as blowing agents and, on the other hand, for N2 and O2 air gases that diffuse rapidly from the surrounding environment into foam cells. GCMS results showed that CO2 leaves foam after 2.5 month (from 21% to 0.03% for reference foam and from 17% to 0.03% for foam with 1.5% talc). C5H10 deviates during 3.5 months (from 28% up to 39% for reference foam and from 29% up to 36% for foam with talc), then it starts to leave the foam and after 3.5 year its content is 13% for reference and 10% for foam with talc. Air diffuses inside the cells faster for one year (from 51% up to 79% for reference and from 54% up to 81% for foam with talc) and then more slowly for 3.5 years (reaching 86% for reference and 90% for foam with talc). Thus, the fast and simple presented methodology provides valuable information to understand the long-term thermal conductivity of the RPU foams.
Estimation of Mining and Landfilling Activities with Associated Overburden through Satellite Data: Germany 2000–2010
Authors: Yoshida Keisuke , Okuoka Keijiro , Miatto Alessio , Schebek Liselotte , Tanikawa Hiroki
Published: July 2019

Despite ever-increasing material extraction on the global scale, very few studies have focused on the relationship between mining activities, overburden, and landfilling. This is mainly due to the lack of statistical data. Yet, large mining activities cause environmental strain to the natural environment, and are often cause of irreversible alterations to the natural landscape. To circumvent this problem, we develop a methodology that employs the digital elevation model and land cover to detect and analyze mining and landfilling site over time. We test our methodology with the case of Germany for the years 2000–2010. We then confront our results with statistically available data, to verify whether this methodology can be applied to other countries. Results from the analysis of satellite data give 15.3 Pg of extracted materials and 7.8 Pg of landfilled materials, while statistics report 29.4 Pg and 1.8 Pg, respectively. This large difference was likely due to the different frequency of recording, where satellite data was updated after 10 years, while statistics were reported yearly. The analysis of the anthropogenic disturbance with spatial information can effectively contribute to observe, analyze, and quantify mining activities, overburden, and landfills, and can thus provide policy makers with useful and practical information regarding resource usage and waste management.
Coupling Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data with a Crop Model to Study Winter Wheat Water Demand
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Jiangui , Dong Taifeng , Pattey Elizabeth , Shang Jiali , Tang Min , Cai Huanjie , Saddique Qaisar
Published: July 2019

Accurate information of crop growth conditions and water status can improve irrigation management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of SAFYE (simple algorithm for yield and evapotranspiration estimation) crop model for simulating winter wheat growth and estimating water demand by assimilating leaf are index (LAI) derived from canopy reflectance measurements. A refined water stress function was used to account for high crop water stress. An experiment with nine irrigation scenarios corresponding to different levels of water supply was conducted over two consecutive winter wheat growing seasons (2013–2014 and 2014–2015). The calibration of four model parameters was based on the global optimization algorithms SCE-UA. Results showed that the estimated and retrieved LAI were in good agreement in most cases, with a minimum and maximum RMSE of 0.173 and 0.736, respectively. Good performance for accumulated biomass estimation was achieved under a moderate water stress condition while an underestimation occurred under a severe water stress condition. Grain yields were also well estimated for both years (R2 = 0.83; RMSE = 0.48 t∙ha−1; MRE = 8.4%). The dynamics of simulated soil moisture in the top 20 cm layer was consistent with field observations for all scenarios; whereas, a general underestimation was observed for total water storage in the 1 m layer, leading to an overestimation of the actual evapotranspiration. This research provides a scheme for estimating crop growth properties, grain yield and actual evapotranspiration by coupling crop model with remote sensing data.
Capsule Networks for Object Detection in UAV Imagery
Authors: Mekhalfi Mohamed Lamine , Bejiga Mesay Belete , Soresina Davide , Melgani Farid , Demir Begüm
Published: July 2019

Recent advances in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have attracted great attention in remote sensing due to their high capability to model high-level semantic content of Remote Sensing (RS) images. However, CNNs do not explicitly retain the relative position of objects in an image and, thus, the effectiveness of the obtained features is limited in the framework of the complex object detection problems. To address this problem, in this paper we introduce Capsule Networks (CapsNets) for object detection in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-acquired images. Unlike CNNs, CapsNets extract and exploit the information content about objects’ relative position across several layers, which enables parsing crowded scenes with overlapping objects. Experimental results obtained on two datasets for car and solar panel detection problems show that CapsNets provide similar object detection accuracies when compared to state-of-the-art deep models with significantly reduced computational time. This is due to the fact that CapsNets emphasize dynamic routine instead of the depth.
Effects of Chemical State of the Pd Species on H2 Sensing Characteristics of PdOx/SnO2 Based Chemiresistive Sensors
Authors: Qi Tianjiao , Sun Jie , Yang Xi , Yan Fanfan , Zuo Ji
Published: July 2019

In this paper, the PdOx nanoparticles modified SnO2 are prepared using sputtering and wet chemical methods. The SnO2 nanoparticles are separately added to a concentration of 0.75% to 10% PdCl2 to obtain a PdCl2/SnO2 composite material, which is calcined for 1 to 2 h at the temperatures of 120 °C, 250 °C, 450 °C and 600 °C. The PdOx/SnO2 nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Microstructural observations revealed PdOx with different chemical states attached to the surface of SnO2. Hydrogen response change tests were performed on the obtained PdOx/SnO2 gas sensing materials. The results show that the high gas sensing performance may be attributed to the contribution of the PdOx-loaded SnO2. In hydrogen, the best sensitivity response was attained at 80 °C, which is 60 times that of pristine SnO2. It clarifies the role of PdOx in the gas sensing mechanisms.
Evolution of a Development Model for Fruit Industry Against Background of Rising Labor Cost: Intensive or Extensive Adjustment?
Authors: Yuan Bin , Chen Chao
Published: July 2019

As an important starting point for optimizing the structure of agricultural products and implementing green production methods, the direction of orchard management development is directly related to the success of “supply side” reform in the fruit industry in China. However, in the context of the progressive rise of labor force, is the labor force still capable of the high labor intensity and fine cultivation management needed, such as for pruning? In this paper, based on the micro-production data of peach farmers in different provinces, we set up a decision model of fruit trees management to analyze the effects of changes in the labor cost on orchard management’s input for farmers with different trading characteristics under the information asymmetry theory. The results show that with the increase of labor force cost, although the total labor investment of farmer households has somewhat reduced, significant differences exist in the distribution of labor investment between the different farmers due to the different labor demands from the various trading characteristics. By repeated transactions that transmit information of quality, farmers can get a high marginal price of fruit, and these relatively repeated transactions further increase the labor investment of fine management. Foreseeably, the rising of rural labor cost will have a negative impact on fine cultivation management in the fruit and nut industries, which have the same management methods for pruning and flower (fruit) thinning. Therefore, this paper offers relevant policy recommendations for the support of agriculture products brand, optimization of production tools, expansion of operation scale, and the establishment of networks of companies, aimed at sharing skilled labor for the execution of quality work, etc.
Prefabs in the North of England: Technological, Environmental and Social Innovations
Authors: Iuorio Ornella , Wallace Andrew , Simpson Kate
Published: July 2019

Advances in digital technology have inaugurated a ‘fourth industrial revolution’, enabling, inter alia, the growth of ‘offsite’ housing construction in advanced economies. This productive transformation seems to be opening up new opportunities for styles of living, ownership, place-making and manufacturing that are more sustainable, democratic and bespoke. However, the full potential of this transformation is not yet clear nor how it will interact with—in the UK context—ongoing crises in housing provision rooted in an increasingly financialised and critically unbalanced national economy, timid state housing policies and a longstanding cultural preoccupation with mortgaged ‘bricks and mortar’ housing. In this paper, we report on an ongoing mixed method project interrogating the technological, environmental and social implications of the emergence of offsite housing construction in the UK. To a degree, we situate this interrogation in the Northern English region of Yorkshire, an emerging focal point of the growing offsite construction industry in the UK but an area afflicted by entrenched, post-industrial economic imbalances. The results show that offsite house engineers, designers and builders are innovatively embracing digital methods, a low carbon agenda and new approaches to place-making but that they have had little role, so far, in resolving the deeper structural problems affecting housing production in the UK, bringing the sustainability of their innovation into question.
Blockchain-Based Secure Device Management Framework for an Internet of Things Network in a Smart City
Authors: Gong Seonghyeon , Tcydenova Erzhena , Jo Jeonghoon , Lee Younghun , Park Jong Hyuk
Published: July 2019

The broadly configured smart city network requires a variety of security considerations for a heterogeneous device environment. Because a network of heterogeneous devices facilitates an attacker’s intrusion through a specific device or node, a device management framework is required to manage each node comprehensively. This paper proposes a blockchain-based device management framework for efficient device management, scalable firmware update and resiliences on attacks against smart city network. This framework offers four device management and firmware update mechanisms based on the performance and requirements of each device: bidirectional mechanism of general end node and a unidirectional mechanism of the lightweight end node. This difference optimizes the resource of network and devices in terms of management and security. All management history of each device is stored in the blockchain and transmitting firmware between vendor and management node is conducted through a smart contract of blockchain for security and resilience on the attack. Through the framework proposed in this paper, the confidentiality and availability of device management on smart city network as well as integrity, auditability, adaptability and authentication for each node are ensured and the effectiveness of the proposed framework is presented through the security analysis.
Development of Sustainable Recycling Investment Framework Considering Uncertain Demand and Nonlinear Recycling Cost
Authors: Lee Hyunsoo
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a more active and efficient recycling investment strategy that considers the balances among the current production constraints, manufacturing profits, and recycling investments for a sustainable circular economy as compared to the current methods. While existing production planning has numerous uncertainties and nonlinear characteristics, the circular economy-based production planning constitutes more complex uncertainties and nonlinear characteristics that result from an uncertain return rate, demand uncertainties, and nonlinear return on investment costs. This paper suggests a stochastic nonlinear programming model-based active recycling investment framework so as to generate a more effective process plan to handle these characteristics. In the proposed framework, recycling investment strategies are quantitatively analyzed when considering uncertain demand and unclear production conditions. In addition, the effective solving techniques for the circular economy based production framework are obtained while using Monte-Carlo based sample average approximation and memetic algorithm. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed framework, it is implemented for a given system and the numerical analyses that were conducted for the various sustainable manufacturing scenarios.
Contextualization of Archaeological Information Using Augmented Photospheres, Viewed with Head-Mounted Displays
Authors: Monna Fabrice , Navarro Nicolas , Magail Jérôme , Guillon Rodrigue , Rolland Tanguy , Wilczek Josef , Esin Yury , Chateau Carmela
Published: July 2019

Photospheres, or 360° photos, offer valuable opportunities for perceiving space, especially when viewed through head-mounted displays designed for virtual reality. Here, we propose to take advantage of this potential for archaeology and cultural heritage, and to extend it by augmenting the images with existing documentation, such as 2D maps or 3D models, resulting from research studies. Photospheres are generally produced in the form of distorted equirectangular projections, neither georeferenced nor oriented, so that any registration of external documentation is far from straightforward. The present paper seeks to fill this gap by providing simple practical solutions, based on rigid and non-rigid transformations. Immersive virtual environments augmented by research materials can be very useful to contextualize archaeological discoveries, and to test research hypotheses, especially when the team is back at the laboratory. Colleagues and the general public can also be transported to the site, almost physically, generating an authentic sense of presence, which greatly facilitates the contextualization of the archaeological information gathered. This is especially true with head-mounted displays, but the resulting images can also be inspected using applications designed for the web, or viewers for smartphones, tablets and computers.
A GFP Reporter MR766-Based Flow Cytometry Neutralization Test for Rapid Detection of Zika Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Serum Specimens
Authors: Frumence Etienne , Viranaicken Wildriss , Gadea Gilles , Desprès Philippe
Published: July 2019

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus of major public health concern. ZIKV infection is responsible for congenital Zika disease and other neurological defects. Antibody-mediated virus neutralization is an essential component of protective antiviral immunity against ZIKV. In the present study, we assessed whether our GFP reporter ZIKV derived from African viral strain MR766 could be useful for the development of a flow cytometry neutralization test (FNT), as an alternative to the conventional plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT). To improve the efficacy of GFP-expressing MR766, we selected virus variant MR766GFP showing a high level of GFP signal in infected cells. A MR766GFP-based FNT was assayed with immune sera from adult mice that received ZIKBeHMR-2. The chimeric ZIKV clone ZIKBeHMR-2 comprises the structural protein region of epidemic strain BeH819015 into MR766 backbone. We reported that adult mice inoculated with ZIKBeHMR-2 developed high levels of neutralizing anti-ZIKV antibodies. Comparative analysis between MR766GFP-based FNT and conventional PRNT was performed using mouse anti-ZIKBeHMR-2 immune sera. Indistinguishable neutralization patterns were observed when compared with PRNT50 and FNT50. We consider that the newly developed MR766GFP-based FNT is a valid format for measuring ZIKV-neutralizing antibodies in serum specimens.
Mini-Hydrocyclone Separation of Cyanobacterial and Green Algae: Impact on Cell Viability and Chlorine Consumption
Authors: Moradinejad Saber , Vandamme Dries , Glover Caitlin M. , Seighalani Tahere Zadfathollah , Zamyadi Arash
Published: July 2019

The co-occurrence of non-toxic phytoplankton alongside cyanobacteria adds to the challenge of treating source waters with harmful algal blooms. The non-toxic species consume the oxidant and, thereby, reduce the efficacy of oxidation of both the extracellular and intracellular cyanotoxins. In this work, a 3D printed mini-hydrocyclone was used to separate a mixture of non-toxic green algae, Scenedesmus obliquus, from a toxic species of cyanobacteria, Microcystis aeruginosa. When water is pumped through the mini-hydrocyclone, cells exit through an overflow or underflow port depending on their size, shape, and density relative to the other cells and particles in the water matrix. The overflow port contains the cells that are smaller and less dense since these particles move toward the center of the hydrocyclone. In this work, the majority (>93%) of Microcystis cells were found in the overflow while the underflow contained primarily the Scenedesmus (>80%). This level of separation efficiency was maintained over the 30-min experiment and the majority of both cells (>86%) remained viable following the separation, which indicates that the pumping combined with forces exerted within the mini-hydrocyclone were not sufficient to cause cell death. The impact of free chlorine on the cells both pre-separation and post-separation was evaluated at two doses (1 and 2 mg/L). After separation, the overflow, which contained primarily Microcystis, had at least a 24% reduction in the free chlorine decay rate as compared to the feed water, which contained both species. This reduction in chlorine consumption shows that the cells separated via mini-hydrocyclone would likely require lower doses of oxidant to produce a similar level of degradation of the cyanotoxins present in either the extracellular or intracellular form. However, future work should be undertaken to evaluate this effect in natural bloom samples.
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI LAYANAN PELANGGAN PDAM TIRTA MAYANG KOTA JAMBI BERBASIS SMS
Authors: Poetra Ikhsanul , Mulyono Herry
Published: July 2019

Kepuasan pelanggan terhadap pelayanan PDAM Tirta Mayang Kota Jambi berkaitan dengan tingkat kualitaspelayanan yang diberikan. Penggunaan TI dapat membantu meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan di PDAM TirtaMayang Kota Jambi dan dipandang sebagai aset strategis yang turut menentukan strategi bisnis PDAM TirtaMayang Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk merancang sistem informasi ITSMpada PDAM Tirta Mayang Kota Jambi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode wawancara,observasi dan dokumentasi, selanjutnya data dan informasi yang diperoleh dianalisis yang menghasilkansebuah analisa kondisi sistem yang sedang berjalan. Adapun sistem yang dirancang berupa protitipe yangrancangannya mengikuti setiap tahapan proses ITIL versi 3 area service operation, yaitu: proses eventmanagement, incident management (incident identification, incident logging, incident categorization,incident prioritization, initial diagnosis, incident escalation, investigation and diagnosis, resolution andrecovery, incident closure), request fulfillment, problem management, dan access management. Hasilpenelitian ini berupa sebuah rancangan sistem informasi ITSM pada PDAM Tirta Mayang Kota Jambi yangdirancang berdasarkan framework ITIL versi 3 area service operation
DETECÇÃO PRECOCE DO CÂNCER DE MAMA POR MAMOGRAFIA: ANÁLISE DA TRAJETÓRIA DE MULHERES
Authors: Gomes Eloiza Augusta , Filomena S. de Araújo Laura , Bellato Roseney , Saraiva Campos Estela Márcia
Published: July 2019

ResumoEste estudo objetivou analisar as trajetórias empreendidas por mulheres acima de 60 anos, usuárias do sus, na busca por detecção precoce do câncer de mama (CM) por meio da mamografia. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, utilizou a técnica do grupo focal (GF). Abarcou as trajetórias de três diferentes mulheres e os envolvimentos que entrelaçaram as dimensões de análise foram: a representação da doença e a experiência de busca por cuidados, a organização dos serviços de saúde, e as redes de apoio e sustentação das mulheres. Desenhar as trajetórias possibilitou demonstrar os caminhos trilhados pelas mulheres na busca por cuidados preventivos e analisar as dificuldades dos serviços em assegurar-lhes a mamografia, ressaltando que os empecilhos para a efetivação da detecção precoce do CM são reais.
CÂNCER INFANTOJUVENIL: AÇÕES DE ENFERMAGEM NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Lima Izabela Meneses de
Published: July 2019

O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento teórico dos enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde sobre a identificação precoce do câncer infantojuvenil, no município de Recife, Pernambuco. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo com abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa, o qual foi aplicado aos enfermeiros, que fazem parte da Estratégia de Saúde da Família, um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas. A pesquisa envolveu 14 enfermeiros, com predominância do sexo feminino 92,86% (13) e com faixa etária entre 31 e 50 anos, 64,29% (9), apenas 21,43% (3) já receberam capacitação sobre o assunto. A partir da técnica de análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin, percebeu-se entre os dois Eixos Temáticos o desconhecimento sobre o tema como um fator influenciador no diagnóstico precoce desta neoplasia. Portando, torna-se precípuo a oferta de atendimentos qualificados, com profissionais capacitados e uma assistência integral, com intuito de minimizar o retardo no diagnóstico do câncer infantojuvenil.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA NA PERSPECTIVA DOS IDOSOS EM CAMPINA GRANDE, PARAÍBA
Authors: Figueroa Pedraza Dixis , Nobre Amanda , Menezes Tarciana
Published: July 2019

Objetivos. Avaliar a Estratégia Saúde da Família na perspectiva dos idosos no município de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Métodos. Estudo transversal, de base domiciliar. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário validado, adaptado para aplicação com idosos, com perguntas relativas à oferta, acessibilidade, utilização e satisfação dos idosos quanto aos serviços oferecidos. Foi verificada a associação entre a satisfação e as características demográficas e socioeconômicas dos idosos. Resultados. Houve elevada proporção de avaliação negativa a aspectos da oferta (adequação às necessidades e disponibilidade de medicamentos), acessibilidade organizacional (demora nos resultados de exames, quantidade de atendimentos por dia e horários de atendimentos), sociocultural (conhecimentos sobre o funcionamento e enfoque da Estratégia Saúde da Família) e econômica (suficiência de renda para realizar consultas com especialistas e tratamentos indicados). As mulheres, idosos do grupo etário de 70-79 anos e classe socioeconômica C estiveram mais satisfeitos. Não houve associação estatística. Conclusão. A avaliação dos idosos mostra importantes problemas relacionados ao desconhecimento sobre o funcionamento e enfoque da Estratégia Saúde da Família, bem como limitações na acessibilidade organizacional.
AVALIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO ACERCA DO MANEJO CLÍNICO DE PORTADORES DA DOENÇA DE CHAGAS EM REGIÃO ENDÊMICA NO BRASIL
Authors: Ferreira Ariela Mota , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , Moreira Hugo Fonseca , Cardoso Clareci Silva , Oliveira Cláudia Di Lorenzo , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho , Ramos Bruno de Carvalho , Haikal Desirée Sant´Ana
Published: July 2019

RESUMOObjetivo: Conhecer o manejo de pacientes com Doença de Chagas (DC) por médicos da Atenção Primária Saúde (APS) de regiões endêmicas. Método: Estudo transversal realizado com 104 médicos da APS, de 39 municípios das regiões norte de Minas Gerais e Vale do Jequitinhonha. Foram abordados perfil sociodemográfico, formação acadêmica e prática clínica através de questionário autoaplicado. Resultados: Os médicos apresentaram idade média de 33(±9,88) anos, 4(±7,26) anos de atuação na APS, 49% relataram que a graduação não ofereceu formação suficiente em DC. Embora quase 90% tinham experiência com atendimento de pacientes com DC crônica e 57% com DC aguda, apenas 9% relataram sentir-se totalmente seguros para esses atendimentos e 33% relataram não conhecer o Benzonidazol, único antitripanossômico disponível. Contribuindo para esse quadro, após a graduação somente 13,3% receberam alguma informação ou treinamento relativo à DC e quase metade recebeu esse treinamento há mais de 4 anos. Há insegurança, desconhecimento e carência de capacitações sobre DC entre profissionais médicos da APS de localidades endêmicas.
EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR COMO ORIENTADORA DE GRUPOS DE PROMOÇÃO À SAÚDE DE PESSOAS COM HIPERTENSÃO E DIABETES NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA: CAMINHOS E APRENDIZADOS COM BASE EM UMA EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Cruz Pedro , Virmes Daniella , Leitão Maria Hellena , Araújo Renan
Published: July 2019

A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e o Diabetes Mellitus (DM) destacam-se entre as patologias responsáveis pela maior parte da morbimortalidade decorrente de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis, constituindo linha de cuidado estratégica na Atenção Básica (AB). Esse trabalho sistematiza a experiência de um grupo comunitário com foco na promoção da saúde de pessoas que convivem com HAS e DM, desenvolvido no contexto da AB pela abordagem da Educação Popular (EP). Contextualizaremos o grupo, trazendo à tona suas experiências e uma análise crítica. O estudo resultou de pesquisa qualitativa com metodologia da sistematização de experiências, envolvendo três frentes: observação participante; entrevistas individuais; e grupo de discussão. Observou-se reorientação do tradicional grupo HiperDia, de momento de distribuição de medicamentos, aferição de pressão arterial e de glicemia, para seu estabelecimento como espaço de encontro e convivência comunitária focado em conversas acerca de conhecimentos, apoio social e estratégias para a qualidade de vida e a realização de projetos de felicidade. Nesses espaços, a EP pode compor uma aplicação edificante e compartilhada do cuidado, na perspectiva da integralidade e do bem viver, tendo como abordagens diálogo cotidiano, valorização das histórias de vida e inclusão das iniciativas dos usuários na pauta do serviço.
DESIGUALDADE SOCIAL E MORFOLOGIA URBANA DAS CIDADES DE ASTORGA (PR) E ALTO PARANÁ (PR), BRASIL
Authors: Contardi Izabela Fontana , Endlich Angela Maria
Published: July 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para os estudos de morfologia urbana, sobretudo em pequenas cidades, para que haja uma desmistificação de interpretações equivocadas e idealizadas em relação ao desenvolvimento dessas cidades quanto as condições sociais e humanas. Ambas as cidades escolhidas, como outras localizadas no Norte do Paraná, foram previamente planejadas e possuem características semelhantes quanto ao espaço inicialmente ocupado. A cidade de Astorga foi fundada na década de 1950, contando com iniciativa privada planejada pela Companhia Melhoramentos Norte do Paraná.  Alto Paraná, foi fundada na década de 1940 e teve iniciativa privada planejada pela Imobiliária Ypiranga. A partir da malha urbana dos municípios, nota-se que a falta de ritmo no desenvolvimento da cidade ocasiona disparidade urbana e social. Assim, esses aspectos são encontrados tanto em grandes quanto em pequenas cidades, mesmo que de modo tênue.
Implantação de um Modelo de plano de parto em uma Maternidade de risco Habitual em Curitiba-PR
Authors: Melo Larine Aparecida de Azevedo , Rabelo Marcelexandra , Souza Marli Aparecida Rocha de , Leite Camila Carla de Paula
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: implantar um modelo de plano de parto em uma maternidade pública, durante a consulta de pré-natal na 37ª semana de gestação. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, coma finalidade de integrar conhecimentos teórico-prático na solidificação, padronização e implantação de um instrumento institucional, o período de desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi de fevereiro/2017 a janeiro/2018.A aplicação do instrumento elaborado ocorreu entre os meses de outubro e novembro/2017. Resultados: Foi possível identificar que a aplicação de um modelo já estruturado de plano de parto abrange as necessidades damulher, auxilia na orientação dos profissionais, identifica o cuidado ofertado pela maternidade e uniformiza as orientações, mantendo as escolhas e os desejos da gestante dentro do que a instituição tem a oferecer. Conclusão:O instrumento implantado é de fácil aplicabilidade, promove melhora no registro das orientações, promove a discussão e o planejamento pela mulher, a participação do acompanhante no cuidado e funciona como um guia profissional para a consulta mantendo o foco do atendimento.
A FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL EM ENFERMAGEM ENTRE RENTABILIDADE E QUALIDADE: ESTRATÉGIAS DE RESISTÊNCIA
Authors: Santos Jackeline Cristiane , Sordi Mara Regina Lemes de
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Refletir sobre estratégias para resistência ante as ofensivas ao campo da formação profissional em Enfermagem. Método: Estudo teórico, reflexivo, de perspectiva dialética e que tem na pesquisa bibliográfica seurecurso de investigação. Resultados: Apresentada a conjuntura da formação profissional em Saúde e justificado o receio da formação para o mercado de trabalho, emerge a resistência ativa como meio de resistir aos ataquescontra a boa educação. Considerações finais: A Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem e o campo da pesquisa são espaços potentes para o exercício da resistência ativa.
Enriquecimento ambiental em zoológicos: em busca do bem-estar animal
Authors: Azevedo Cristiano Schetini , Barçante Luciana
Published: July 2019

Os animais mantidos em zoológicos enfrentam ameaças constantes ao seu bem-estar. Um animal está com alto bem-estar quando está gozando de completa saúde física e mental. Algumas estratégias são utilizadas para se manter o bem-estar dos animais de zoológicos em níveis altos, como o enriquecimento ambiental. O enriquecimento ambiental consiste em inserir estímulos dentro dos recintos dos animais para que eles tenham a oportunidade de exibir comportamentos mais próximos do natural, melhorando sua saúde física e psicológica. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar, através de uma análise bibliométrica, como os zoológicos brasileiros têm utilizado a técnica de enriquecimento ambiental para melhorar o bem-estar de seus animais, bem como elencar lacunas que possam nortear futuros estudos com essa temática pelos gestores/técnicos dos zoológicos e pesquisadores. Os dados foram coletados no em três bases: The Web of Science©, Periódicos CAPES© e Google Scholar©. As palavras-chaves utilizadas para procura de artigos nessas bases de dados foram: “environmental enrichment, zoo, Brazil”. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir do ano de 1945 até 2016. Foram avaliados 52 estudos, que se iniciaram em 2006, sendo a maioria realizados em zoológicos do Sudeste do Brasil, com carnívoros e primatas, e utilizando mais de um tipo de enriquecimento ambiental. A maior parte dos estudos teve avaliação comportamental e positiva dos efeitos dos itens oferecidos aos animais. Concluímos que os estudos sobre os efeitos do enriquecimento ambiental no país ainda são incipientes, embora estejam em franco crescimento. Os estudos sobre o enriquecimento ambiental devem: contemplar um maior número de espécies animais; serem delineados com qualidade, especialmente no tamanho amostral; e devem ser realizados por mais zoológicos no Brasil. Finalmente, os estudos devem ser divulgados em meios de comunicação científica de qualidade, para que sejam replicados não apenas no Brasil, mas por zoológicos de todo o mundo.
Libélulas (Odonata) predadas por moscas-assassinas (Diptera: Asilidae) no estado de Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil
Authors: Souza Marcos Magallães de , Anjos Caio Silva dos , Milani Lucas Rocha , Brunismann Angela Gomes
Published: July 2019

Os insetos da ordem Odonata são importantes nos ecossistemas aquáticos, atuando como predadores e algumas vezes como presas, sendo predados por aves, peixes e também outros insetos, tendo como exemplo as moscas-assassinas da família Asilidae. Entretanto, registros dessa interação são escassos no Brasil, sendo o objetivo desse relato, notificar a ocorrência de predação das espécies de odonata Hetaerina longipes Selys, 1853 (Calopterygidae) e de Argia claussenii Selys, 1865 (Coenagrionidae) por Archilestris capnoptera (Wiedemann, 1828). Os registros foram realizados ao acaso no Parque Estadual Serra do Papagaio e no Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, nos anos de 2015 e 2017. A predação pode ser reflexo da frequência das espécies de odonatos na época dos registros, pois os asilídeos são predadores oportunistas e generalistas, porém, novos estudos são necessários para avaliar os impactos da predação nas populações de libélulas.
Understory bird community from wildlife protected areas: diversity, seasonal variation and similarity
Authors: Moura Aloysio Souza de , Machado Felipe Santana , Fontes Marco Aurélio Leite , Barros Gabriela Trindade de , Fazolin Henrique , Nava Julia Martins , Kimoto Sônia Yuki Okutani , Capecce Letícia Somini , Machado Thalia Cristina
Published: July 2019

The bird diversity is threatened and many studies have been focusing on preservation and conservation efforts. For example, Wildlife Protected Areas are created in order to protect this diversity, however, just few areas have been created, which increases the need of private initiatives to support the environment conservation challenge. The Quedas do Rio Bonito Ecological Park is a protected area located in south of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Herein, we present the median richness when compared to others studies in southeastern Brazil, as well as richness estimative of the understory stratum, seasonal variations and similarities among areas. Therefore, this paper presents arguments to assist future conservation studies since the knowledge on community in different areas is primordial when comparing the environment conditions in Biological Conservation projects.