bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fresa, memorias y hombre nuevo. Sujeto e ideología en Gutiérrez Alea
Authors: Gustafsson Jan
Published: December 2022

The main aim of this article is to explore the relation between ideology and subject in thework of the Cuban film director, Tomás Gutiérrez Alea. The analysis will be based on twoof his major works, Memorias del subdesarrollo (Memories of Underdevelopment), from1968, and Fresa y chocolate (Strawberry and Chocolate), 1993. Special emphasis will beput on the socio-political context of these films, i.e. the Revolution and its utopiannationalistdiscourse and ideology as well as the consequences of this context for theindividual and collective Cuban subject. Main conclusions of the analysis are that Alea’scriticism of the mechanisms of exclusion created by the Revolution is fundamental and, thatit goes beyond the overt criticism of homophobic practices in Fresa y chocolate and of thebourgeois subject in Memorias. Alea, although positively engaged in the revolutionaryprocess, demonstrates a capacity of fundamental social criticism and an essential ambiguity,in which the abyss between the individual subject and the totality of the Revolution is acentral question.
Crítica e tolerância: considerações sobre diversidade, diferença e indiferença
Authors: Pereira Marcos Villela
Published: December 2022

Considering the gradual disenchantment, the impossibility of the revolution as we hadimagined it in the 1960s and 1970s, and given the hopelessness to change the world, wesaw the emergency of culture as magical sign to the new times. In the wave of a postmodernismof the 1980s and 1990s, we took normativity as something negative, alwaysoppressive, against which we all had to be insurgent, as if it was possible a non-normativesocial and cultural instance. Inequality is characteristic of mankind. It is not possible tothink of human beings as equal. The fight for equality is a fight between differentparameters, a fight between criteria which cannot possibly find a balance. This essay aimsto search for the happiness in the hard reality of the daily unhappiness and misfortune andin the imperfection of mankind as a way of confrontation to our proper human condition.
El génesis de la cultura represiva de México Moctezuma y Hernán Cortés - Los gemelos malditos -
Authors: Carlos Juan Herrera
Published: December 2022

The essay analyses the corrupted and oppressive culture in Mexico, whose origins,according to the presented hypothesis, is the defeat of the Aztecs by Hernan Cortes. Thecharacteristics of this culture were determined by the personal interests of theconquistadores, their customs, and their duties to the crown of Spain, as well as the reactionof the defeated: to the destruction of the best of the civilisations of the Anáhuac, was addedthe worse of the Spanish culture. As a result, during several centuries, the Spanish havepromulgated the propaganda of the “civilisation of the Indians”, when they themselves andtheir descendants, were not at all prepared or capacitated to civilise anybody, and the forcedChristianization was rather a pacification of the Indians, leaving the new society(authorities, church and population) in a social, economic and political stagnation. Culturalforms that still hold back the development of the country.
Suábios do Danúbio na Mata Atlântica do sul do Brasil
Authors: Klanovicz Jo
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the settlement process carried out by the Donauschwaben or DanubeSwabians in Southern Brazil, from an environmental history point of view on landscapechange in Atlantic Rainforest areas of Parana State. We believe that the group sought tobuild a new agricultural landscape based on its previous experience as farmers in pre-WorldWar II Europe. In Brazil, Swabians had to negotiate their identity with natural conditionsfound in the west of the State of Parana. Immigrants tried to recreate their identity by theappropriatin of technical discourses to be defined as the regional progress promoters ofmodern agriculture and ethnic labor values. The research made use of technical reports,images and other documents produced by immigrants and local media to read this historicalprocess.
A Leitura do Literário no Brasil
Authors: Neitzel Adais de Aguiar , Kupiec Anne , Calvalho Carla
Published: December 2022

It is critically consider issues related to Brazilians’ literary education,analyzing how their reader’s history was built (and the myth of the nonreader),in a reading practice sociology approach. We seek to understandwho the readership of colonial Brazil was until the early twentieth century,and how the transition of a European culture consumer’s country to acountry that produces its own culture was. Four major events thatcontributed to promote the reading culture in Brazil are discussed: a) thecensorship abolition in 1820; b) the end of the government monopoly overthe press in 1821; c) the establishment of higher education in Brazil in 1827;d) investments in public education, particularly for women, around 1834; e)the professionalization of writers. The story of the book and readers’education were constituted between the habit of servitude and the desire forfreedom.
Aproximación Interdisciplinaria a las Reminiscencias del Sistema de Castas Colonial en México
Authors: Parra José Carlos Vázquez , Rivas Carlos Federico Campus , Navarrete Olivia Torijano
Published: December 2022

To talk about the caste system seems like a reference to an analysis orientedto History or Sociology; however, this appreciation could not be completelytrue. Today, the structures of stratification in Mexico seem to have clearedreminiscent of the colonial caste system; this is evident in the popularimaginary, and the actions of the population. With this the approach to thetopic requires an interdisciplinary reflection to identify those reminiscences,which through a process of restructuration have configured an elaborateclassist system. This paper addresses this approach through aninterdisciplinary effort that is based in three axes: historical, literary andsocial, enabling a new understanding of the phenomena of discrimination intoday’s Mexican society.
Nilton da Silva morreu longe de casa
Authors: Brum Mauricio Marques
Published: December 2022

Nilton Rosa da Silva, a Brazilian exile, was murdered by a right-wingmilitia in Chile in June 1973, three months before the coup led by Pinochet.A member of the Revolutionary Left Movement, his political assassinationled to a peculiar situation: hiding from the Brazilian repression and killedbefore the Chilean military coup, Da Silva was not a direct victim of anydictatorship, remaining overlooked for many years in the lists of victims ofboth regimes. This article analyzes the way in which Da Silva has beengradually included, since the 1990s, in narratives about the Braziliandictatorship. Using reports produced by different commissions thatinvestigated human rights violations during the military rule in Brazil (1964-1985), we demonstrate how Da Silva was eventually acknowledged as avictim of the Brazilian dictatorship, culminating with his addition in thefinal report by the Brazilian National Truth Commission in 2014.
Pensamento latino-americano
Authors: Bussoletti Denise Marcos , Ghiggi Gomercindo , Barbosa Júnior Hélcio Fernandes , Haerter Leandro
Published: December 2022

The long history of Latin America domination and exploration by theEuropean powers was accompanied by a struggle and resistance strongprocess, which contributed to the development of an original LatinAmerican thought. Taking Zea (1970), Dussel (1982) and Zimmermann(1987) as main theoretical, especially the philosophy of liberation and thenotion of “nonbeing”, this text discusses the context that made the birth of aLatin American philosophy posible, whose set of ideas sought to understandand to question the Latin America reality, especially in its cultural,economic, political and social dimensions. Thus, questioning the idea oftotality and affirming the Latin American reality specifics, the text identifiesthe valuation of this another thought, of this “native” philosophy, whichhelps us to think about and act from ourselves.
Triste Fim de Tenório d’Albuquerque
Authors: De Paula Lima Marcelo Alves
Published: December 2022

This is the first paper aimed at analyzing the political thought of A. Tenóriod’Albuquerque, an intellectual who was part of the anti-Semitic wing of theBrazilian Integralist Action (AIB). Our timeframe lies between 1937 and1941, a time lapse during which anti-Semitism and anti-imperialism,elements that are our main concern, became explicit in his books. Writing inthe eve and at the beginning of the Second World War, the author appeals toHistory in order to call for a pro-Axis position, since England would behistorically bowed to Jewish interests. Brazil’s 1942 entry into the war onthe Allied side brought problems to the author, who got arrested.
Teatro para discutir los movimientos sociales
Authors: Bussoletti Denise Marcos , Duarte Krischna Silveira , Júnior Hélcio Fernandes , Nogueira Gabriel Almeida , Vargas Vagner de Souza
Published: December 2022

The Nucleus of Arts, Languages and Subjectivities (NALS), located atEducation Faculty, in the Federal University from Pelotas (UFPEL),Southern Brazil, develops many activities in education, extension, andresearch. The Project “Landless Daisies” consists in the production of atheatre play with students from post-graduation and graduation togetherwith some artists in the city Pelotas/RS, Southern Brazil. The playwritingtells about life histories and reports from women who are from the LandlessMovement, in Brazil. The main focus of interest of this play shows theimportance of women in this Movement and gender discussions in generalsociety. The NALS develops its activities based on principles of BorderPedagogy and Aesthetic of Ginga. By doing works based on theseprinciples, the members of the NALS can put on a practical level what isindicated in the theoretical presuppositions.
Integração regional e governança
Authors: Bermann Célio , Galvão Jucilene , Da Silva Lilian
Published: December 2022

The article presents an analysis and discussion regarding the relationsestablished by Peru and Brazil for the exploitation of hydrous resources ofthe Amazon Basin and which are presented in the ‘Supply electricity to Peruand export surplus to Brazil agreement’, which until then, was not ratified,creating the need for understanding shortcomings involving such agreement.
’Inocentes‘ caricaturas
Authors: De Carvalho Leonardo Dallacqua
Published: December 2022

A presente investigação procura trabalhar por meio de imagens da Revista Careta a discussão sobre raça e eugenia no Brasil entre 1930 e 1934. Em especial, examina as caricaturas e a posição de seus caricaturistas sobre a questão raça e cor no Brasil. O trabalho tem a intenção de demonstrar como estes intelectuais percebiam o cenário de desigualdade social no país e como a eugenia entraria na discussão para um ‘melhoramento hereditário’ da nação.
A Amazônia e a política de Integração Nacional
Authors: Neto Vitale Joanoni , Neto Regina Beatriz Guimarães
Published: December 2022

The article presents a reflection about the projects of the Brazilian state, especially after the military coup of 1964, which, with the strong support of the national entrepreneurship, made the Amazon the strategic locus of the development model adopted for the country. We intend to analyse the general power strategy of the dictatorship in Brazil and demonstrate how the Amazon became the political and economic axis in this governmental experience, materialized in several public policies. Under these assumptions, it is important to study governmental discourses and practices that underpin the support that redefined power relations in Brazil, especially by focusing on the various political devices that are embodied in laws, decrees, plans, institutional programs, and in the stateʼs own administrative reform. This last one, carried out during the dictatorship, was not discussed in the National Congress and was supported by the powers of exception of the 2nd Institutional Act - December 1966. The business logic prevailed as an administrative practice, which persisted in the political-administrative structure of the country after the military regime.
A permanência na terra como suspeita de atos guerrilheiros em Porto Alegre Do Norte/MT – 1970
Authors: Castravechi Luciene Aparecida , Neto Vitale Joanoni
Published: December 2022

This article analyses the struggle for land in Porto Alegre do Norte, in the Northeast of the State of Mato Grosso, between 1970 and 1980. The period studied shows that in the Amazon border the public sector was assimilated by the private one, resulting in greater violence against citizens, executed and mutually constituted by both sectors. Our objective is to study the conflicts and violence resulting from the expulsion of squatters by the agricultural enterprise FRENOVA, established in this municipality during the 1970s, with the support of the occupation policies imposed by the dictatorial government for the Amazon. These development projects overlapped with the land of rural workers who had lived in the region since the 1940s and generated disputes over land between squatters and businessmen. In order to prevent the expulsion of squatters, the Prelature of São Félix of Araguaia, under the leadership of Bishop Pedro Casaldáliga, together with the lay and religious pastoral agents, mediated in these conflicts, placing itself between the public authorities (Police, Federal Police and INCRA), rural entrepreneurs and squatters.
O Norte Araguaia mato-grossense como uma nova fronteira de expansão da soja Brasil (2000 a 2015)
Authors: Barrozo João Carlos , Da Rosa Juliana Cristina
Published: December 2022

The expansion of soybeans in Brazil occurred in the 1960s, when it became a commercial product, in the midst of the productive modernization process. With the expansion of the agricultural frontier, the development of adapted seeds and new production techniques, it was possible to expand the cultivation of soybeans to the Cerrado biome. The state of Mato Grosso consolidated itself as a major producer of soybeans, corn, cotton and beef, mainly destined for export as commodities. In this context, the northern Araguaia microregion has been configured as the new border of soybean expansion between the years 2000 to 2015, as can be observed through the analysis of official data that point to the expansion of soybean and maize compared to the maintenance or decrease in the production of rice and beans, basic food products in Brazil.
Capital paulista no Araguaia
Authors: Tafner Junior Armando Wilson , Da Silva Fábio Carlos
Published: December 2022

The expansion of the agricultural frontier in Brazil to the Amazon in the second half of the twentieth century occurred in a directed way, privileging the interests of the great capital and leaving aside a population of different ethnic groups already established in the region. The fiscal incentives implemented by the SUDAM, since 1966, favored the expansion of the businesses of families of rural farmers and entrepreneurs in the Center-South of Brazil, mainly in São Paulo, who acquired thousands of hectares of State lands, at derisory prices, mainly in the states cut by the Belém-Brasília and Cuiabá-Porto Velho highways. Among the pioneer projects approved by SUDAM, the largest landholding was the Suiá-Missu S/A Agropecuaria, until then the largest latifundio in Latin America belonging to the Ometto family, resident in the State of São Paulo. The article analyzes the business trajectory of the Ometto family from the interior of São Paulo to the state of Mato Grosso, and the main social and economic effects and impacts of the family business in Mato Grosso.
Narco-culturas transatlánticas
Authors: Juan-Navarro Santiago
Published: December 2022

The article studies Arturo Perez-Reverte’s best-selling novel La reina del Sur (2002) as a paradigmatic example of the globalized trends in the promotion and distribution of narco-literature. From northwestern Mexico to southern Spain and Morocco, the novel’s is a Trans-Atlantic and Trans-Continental story of a female drug trafficker who inserts herself into larger structures of power to eventually dominate over most of her male criminal competitors. My reading focuses on Pérez-Reverte’s depiction of frontiers at multiple levels (geographical, cultural, ethnic, linguistic, literary, and sexual) within the context of two of the most pervasive examples of globalization: drug/human trafficking and migratory movements. At first sight, the novel seems to transgress these frontiers and to denounce the most abject aspects of globalization, but in the end La reina del Sur is simply a hollow tale that fails to denounce (and, in fact, embraces) neoliberal modes of circulation of capital and humans. The novel’s adaptation (2011) in one of the most successful, albeit technically deficient, narco TV series, in which moral critique is blatantly absent, only attest to the limitations of narco-novels to adopt a critical stance in the debate on criminality and globalization.
La utopía y su música – la Nueva Trova y la Revolución cubana
Authors: Gustafsson Jan
Published: December 2022

El tema general de este trabajo es la relación entre la Revolución cubana y el género musical conocido como la Nueva Trova. A partir de la hipótesis de que el proceso revolucionario cubano posee una importante dimensión utópica, se estudiará el papel de la Nueva Trova en este proceso, especialmente durante las décadas de los setenta y ochenta del siglo pasado. Tras una breve discusión general del papel que jugó la Nueva Trova como eslabón entre el poder revolucionario y gran parte de la juventud cubana, se analizará cómo se manifiestan los temas revolucionarios en las letras de una veintena de canciones. Para organizar el análisis, se sugieren cinco modalidades: la utopía militante, la utopía compleja, utopía e intimidad y la utopía cuestionada. La quinta modalidad la constituyen las canciones sin contenido ideológico. Las letras estudiadas se caracterizan por sus matices, calidad poética y variedad temática.
European land settlement and development in Latin America: the evolution of an idea from Interwar to the early Post-WWII years
Authors: Papadopoulos Yannis G.S. , Parsanoglou Dimitris
Published: December 2022

This article examines the birth and evolution of the idea of land settlement as a way to combine and resolve two issues diachronically considered problematic: on the one hand, the underdevelopment in Latin America due to a certain extent to the lack of labour force that could exploit the immense lands available; on the other hand, the overpopulation in Europe accompanied by volatile problems such as unemployment, particularly in critical times such as between and after the two World Wars. Based on archival material retrieved from the National Archives and Records Administration in Washington D.C., the Archives of the FDR Presidential Library and Museum in New York, the Archives of the IOM Office in Athens and the São Paulo State Archive, we attempt to provide a genealogy of this idea since the Interwar period and the ways in which it has materialised by governments and international organisations, namely the ILO and the ICEM.
Brasil y el Narcoanálisis
Authors: Rodrigues Thiago , Carvalho Jonatas , Policarpo Frederico
Published: December 2022

El paper presenta el marco teórico del “narcoanálisis” con el reto de producir una perspectiva común y comparable para la comprensión de la producción y cambios de las políticas de drogas en las Américas. El marco es influenciado por los conceptos biopolítica (Foucault, 2002) y de los niveles de análisis coconstituidos (Onuf 1997). Tiene como hipótesis que la producción de que el mercado ilícito de drogas y las políticas producidas para enfrentarlo se da por la yuxtaposición de cinco niveles analíticos: el moral-societal, el sanitario, el de seguridad pública, el de seguridad nacional y el de régimen global. El caso de Brasil y la cruzada moral contra la cocaína en los 1950s será tomado como ejemplo para la aplicación del “narcoanálisis” de modo a enseñar su potencial explicativo sobre la dinámica de la producción y de las transformaciones de las políticas de drogas en las Américas.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Resumen

 

El paper presenta el marco teórico del “narcoanálisis” con el reto de producir una perspectiva común y comparable para la comprensión de la producción y cambios de las políticas de drogas en las Américas. El marco es influenciado por los conceptos biopolítica (Foucault, 2002) y de los niveles de análisis coconstituidos (Onuf 1997). Tiene como hipótesis que la producción de que el mercado ilícito de drogas y las políticas producidas para enfrentarlo se da por la yuxtaposición de cinco niveles analíticos: el moral-societal, el sanitario, el de seguridad pública, el de seguridad nacional y el de régimen global. El caso de Brasil y la cruzada moral contra la cocaína en los 1950s será tomado como ejemplo para la aplicación del “narcoanálisis” de modo a enseñar su potencial explicativo sobre la dinámica de la producción y de las transformaciones de las políticas de drogas en las Américas.

 

 PALABRAS CLAVE: Brasil; narcotráfico; política de drogas; narcoanálisis; América Latina; prohibicionismo.
Fruit frontiers: research on feijoa cultivation in Brazil and Colombia
Authors: Moretto Samira Peruchi , Nodari Eunice Sueli , Nodari Rubens Onofre
Published: December 2022

In the twentieth century, Latin American countries were persuaded to import projects from the United States that aimed to increase production of basic commodities to supply the international market. As a result, space for agricultural practices of peasants and the cultivation of foodstuffs outside the logic of productivism shrank over time. These alternative practices were maintained in peripheral form, including the production of native fruits, feijoa (Acca sellowiana) among them. Feijoa was chosen due to its unique flavour, aroma and pharmacological and nutritional properties. In this article, we argue that scientific research and small-scale producers, not public policies, were the main drivers of feijoa cultivation in Brazil and Colombia. Scientists supported the increase of production and productivity of a fruit species which remained at the margins of industrial, science-based agriculture. These countries came under heavy international influence to adopt plans intended to modernize their agricultural sector. Despite being on the margins of these development plans and receiving few direct financial subsidies, research on feijoa continued. Today, while Colombia produces monocrops for export, cultivation in Brazil remains incipient and limited to smallholdings.
Archivos de la mina planetaria
Authors: Selgas Gianfranco
Published: December 2022

This essay departs from the artistic work on Chile’s and Venezuela’s mineral extractive zones by Ana Alenso to reflect on how art symbolically and materially deals with geological, political, and cultural entanglements. By combining geology of media studies and Latin American political ecology, it studies how Alenso’s artworks allow us to discuss and highlight the ways in which art empowers socio-ecological claims and actions that configure other forms of resilience in the face of extractive capitalism. It also discusses how culture is intrinsically related to the history of the Earth, geological and mineral formations, and energy. The essay concludes by conceptualizing these artworks as archives of the planetary mine. This notion understands artistic praxis as a cultural archive recording the socio-ecological imbrications activated by the multiple dimensions of mining in Latin America.
El artivismo de Eugenio Tisselli:
Authors: Escandell Daniel
Published: December 2022

Eugenio Tisselli es un autor concienciado y con tradición activista. Como mexicano, podemos esperar que el impacto continuado del NAFTA en las personas, el medio ambiente y la economía locales, le resulten una situación por reivindicar relevante para él. Con The 27th. El 27 el creador digital construye un discurso artivista: combina expresión artística, reflexión teórica y acción política, para llamar la atención sobre esta situación y el peso creciente de los algoritmos en el devenir político a través de un texto que es intervenido mediante traducción automática. En este artículo valoramos las motivaciones y reflexiones de Tisselli y su uso de la literatura digital para construir su discurso crítico, pero también su espacio dentro de la concepción del artivismo.
Memoria, resistencia y posnacionalismo en La bandera de Chile de Elvira Hernández
Authors: Cruz Suárez Juan Carlos
Published: December 2022

Throughout 1981, the Chilean poet Elvira Hernández wrote La bandera de Chile which was published a decade later, due the political context of those years. The entire work represents a poetic effort to dismantle the traditional meaning of a symbol clearly related to the notion of national identity. This fact allows the work to be read as a cultural product that confronts the dictatorial regimen of Augusto Pinochet, constituting, therefore, a work of resistance. In addition to that, precisely because it may be understood as a literary witness of its time, La bandera de Chile should be read as a work bent on the theme of memory. In this article I analyze this double implication and I will relate it with the very notion of postnational culture, since the work advocates a reading that deconstruct the traditional manner in which the concept of nation is discursively built.
“Vivimos rodeados de ruinas que no entendemos”.
Authors: Kjellsson Linnea
Published: December 2022

En 2012, el escritor chileno Matías Celedón publica la obra La filial, un libro-objeto condicionado por la precariedad y las circunstancias económicas de su tiempo, pero también la materialidad analógica del sello que emplea para escribirla. En un momento en que el libro en papel parecía estar condenado a la obsolescencia, Celedón responde con angustia ante la posible desaparición de la memoria archivada y con una nostalgia reflexiva (Boym 2001) hacia las tecnologías obsoletas y los objetos encontrados. La presente entrevista con el escritor indaga en su narrativa, la estética analógica, la importancia de la memoria y el papel de las editoriales independientes para la apuesta por la experimentación.
Gastronomy and Conquest in the Mexican-American War
Authors: Berthier-Foglar Susanne
Published: December 2022

The Mexican-American war has never been analyzed from the perspective of gastronomy and eyewitness reports focus on military aspects as well as on the exotic side –and the “colorful” mores– of the invaded population. Since the late 1980s, the New Historians of the West2 have been writing from the viewpoint of those left out by traditional history, nevertheless food is not their focal point. I discuss (colonial and post-colonial) gastronomy and conquest as seen through the eyes of an 18-year old woman, Susan Magoffin following her husband, a 42-year old trader in a caravan along the Santa Fe Trail on the heels of the conquering army. Along the way she kept a diary.3 Not food, but an insider’s view of conquest made her diary a “minor classic”4 worth publishing in 1926 and reprinting in 2000. The Magoffin’s 14 wagon outfit left Independence, Missouri, less than a month after the start of the war –an event that remains largely unmentioned in the diary– and followed the “natural highway for wheeled vehicles across the Great Plains that linked New Mexico to the United States.”5 Gradually other wagon trains joined their party until it reached 75 or 80 wagons (42),6 then 150 (43) explaining why De Voto stated that in New Mexico “Manifest Destiny took the shape of a large-scale freight operation.”7
A língua nacional em Recordações do escrivão Isaías Caminha e Memórias sentimentais de João Miramar
Authors: Fattori Danusa da Matta Duarte
Published: December 2022

A língua nacional em Recordações do escrivão Isaías Caminha e Memórias sentimentais de João Miramar
Lima, Luiz Costa .O Redemunho do Horror (As margens do Ocidente) São Paulo: Editora Planeta do Brasil, 2003).
Authors: Labriola Rodrigo F.
Published: December 2022

Lima, Luiz Costa .O Redemunho do Horror (As margens do Ocidente) São Paulo: Editora Planeta do Brasil, 2003).
Tal Brasil, qual América?
Authors: Piazza Maria de Fátima Fontes
Published: December 2022

This article shows how the magazine – “América Brasileira:Resenha da Actividade Nacional” (1922-1924) -, published by thewriter Elysio de Carvalho (1880-1925), wanted to shed light on theIberian-American literature and the relevant cultural questions ofthe two sides of America: the Lusitanian and the Hispanic. Themagazine is dedicated to some of the personalities of the Iberianworld, from Hispanic America: Rubén Darío and Rufino Blanco-Fombona; from Spain: Juan Valera, Ramón Gómez de la Serna andAzorín; from Brazil: Graça Aranha and Ronald de Carvalho. Theanalysis of the magazine shows how his editorial treated thecoexistence between nationalism and cosmopolitanism, betweentradition and modernity, so to avoid efforts to reduce the impact ofthe peripheral position of the Brazilian society regarding culturalwelfare.
América Central
Authors: Avila Carlos Federico Domínguez
Published: December 2022

The paper explores the recent presidential electoral processesbeing held in Central American countries since 2004. Theelectoral processes suggest a shift toward center and left winggovernments. Also some scenarios and perspectives are mentionedin the democratic consolidation of the isthmus countries.
Lo nacional y lo utópico como recursos identitarios
Authors: Gustafsson Jan E. C.
Published: December 2022

The so-called ’left turn’ that have taken place in Latin Americanpolitics since 1999, seems to correspond to a profound revision ofneo-liberal economics and politics of the 1980’s and 90’s. Part ofthis revision seems to be a revitalization of the nation state as aneconomic, political and symbolic (identity) resource. Anotherimportant aspect of the increasing influence of the left is the‘return of utopia’. This utopia is not identical to the socialist andleft utopias of the 60’s and 70’s, as part of the new and radical leftin Latin America tends to see nation and utopia as two sides of acoin. This fact calls the attention to the case of Cuba, oftenthought of as an obsolete ‘left-over’ of past decades, as the Cuban‘model’ actually combines two discourses: the utopian and thenational. The article presents shortly a theoretical frame-work anddiscusses some general elements of national(ist) and utopianidentity discourse. Finally it discusses some basic elements of theCuban model.
Globalización y etnicidad en América Latina
Authors: Cristoffanini Pablo
Published: December 2022

In the last decades, Latin America has experienced a process ofAmericanization of its material and symbolic culture. Theostentatious symbols of this process are the proliferation andpopularity of malls. On the other hand in the same period we havebeen witness to the revival of the ethnicity of the indigenousnations. The most emblematic example is Bolivia, where a wellknown Indian leader is now President of the Republic.At first sight, this process appears to be part of theantiglobalization movement. On the contrary, the central thesis ofthis article is that the indigenous resurgence has been possible to alarge extent because of the support rendered by internationalgroups and organisations, which in turn can be explained by thecentral place that original peoples have attained in the westernimaginary. The renaissance of the indigenous question is a verygenuine product of globalization, as is Americanization. Even themost radical versions of ethnonationalism, like the Aymara, wouldnot be possible outside the context of globalization.
Conceptos de Ciudadanía y el Derecho Humano a la Alimentación
Authors: Jeppesen Anne Marie Ejdesgaard , Böhrt Julio Prudencio
Published: December 2022

The article analyses the new political constitution in Bolivia withemphasis on the relationship between citizen and the State and thenew responsibilities for the State and the government that the textintroduces concerning food security.
Parallelsamfundseffekten: Sprog, følelser og diskurs i æresrelaterede konflikter
Authors: Petersen Jesper
Published: December 2022

Denne artikel udgør et pilotstudie, som baseret på fem semi-strukturerede interviews undersøger minoritetsunges sproglige konceptualisering af æresrelaterede konflikter og de følelser, disse giver anledning til. Således har artiklens første del fokus på diskurs, mens anden del fokuserer på manipulation af følelser som håndhævelsesmekanisme. Artiklen definerer et nyt koncept kaldet parallelsamfundseffekten til at forklare informanternes oplevelse af at bevæge sig frem og tilbage mellem det, de anser for majoritetssamfundet og parallelsamfundet.
Ikkemuslimsk islam i retssagen mellem Sherin Khankan og Naser Khader
Authors: Petersen Jesper
Published: December 2022

Essays udgivet af Scandinavian Journal of Islamic Studies er ikke fagfællebedømt.
Wittgenstein’s Tractatus without paradox
Authors: Kuusela Oskari
Published: December 2022

This article proposes an interpretation of Wittgenstein’s so-called picture theory of propositions that forgoes the attribution of unsayable truths or theses to the Tractatus. Consequently, the interpretation avoids describing the Tractatus as entangled in a paradox of nonsensical theses. Rather, I argue, the proper expression for Wittgenstein’s logical insights is a logical symbolism into whose structure they are encoded. This also applies to his account of propositions as pictures. Its purpose is to clarify the principles governing a correct logical language that makes perspicuous how symbols symbolize, and is expressive of what Wittgenstein calls ‘the correct logical conception’.
Formação profissional, processos educativos e evasão
Authors: Santos Jullyana Souza , Silva Matheus Bernardo
Published: December 2022

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa de mestrado em educação que procurou investigar as aproximações entre evasão e processos educativos na formação profissional. Estabeleceu-se como objetivo analisar a compreensão de professores sobre a relação entre evasão e processo educativo em um determinado curso técnico de um Instituto Federal localizado na Região Nordeste do Brasil. Partiu-se da hipótese de que a formação profissional dos docentes integrantes do curso em análise, predominantemente técnica, pode contribuir, mesmo que indiretamente, para a evasão. Tomaram-se como referencial teórico-metodológico elementos do materialismo histórico-dialético e, por consequência, da teoria pedagógica histórico-crítica, no que se refere à concepção de educação e à função social do professor. Como procedimentos metodológicos, foi aplicado um questionário e realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com os seis professores que compõem o corpo docente do curso em análise. Os resultados apontam que, a partir do olhar dos professores, não se estabelece uma reflexão sobre a falta de formação pedagógica coesa como uma das dimensões que implicam o elevado índice de evasão. Constata-se uma visão pragmática de educação, reforçando a ideia produtivista da educação profissional. Contrapondo tal cenário, aponta-se como fundamental a formação pedagógica dos professores por meio da pedagogia histórico-crítica que culmine na formação integral dos alunos.
Institutos Federais e oferta de cursos de formação de professores:
Authors: Mattos Sandra Maria Nascimento de , Linhares de Mattos José Roberto , Silva Romaro Antonio
Published: December 2022

O presente trabalho surge da motivação dos pesquisadores em analisar os avanços e desafios dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia no Brasil – IFs, após 13 (treze) anos de sua criação, realizada pela Lei n.º 11.892 de dezembro de 2008. O delineamento do trabalho versa sobre o atendimento de 20% da oferta de vagas para cursos de formação de professores, trazendo uma análise do percentual atingido por cada IF, bem como dados que refletem as taxas de evasão, retenção, políticas de estado para fomento à permanência nos cursos e dados das políticas de acesso e egresso em cada IF. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar o retorno para a sociedade, da missão institucional prevista em lei, de professores que possam contribuir no déficit do país. A metodologia utilizada para a realização da pesquisa foi a análise de dados de natureza qualitativa em um levantamento bibliográfico. Os resultados encontrados demonstram os desafios para a oferta de cursos de formação de professores no Brasil, evidenciam que a Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica está distante do atendimento mínimo previsto em lei, mesmo após uma década de sua criação. Espera-se que este trabalho gere reflexões sobre a oferta de cursos de formação de professores, que contribua com nossos estudos com o mesmo objetivo e contribua com políticas públicas para o público em análise.
Percursos do professor anarquista João Penteado e a formação de um arquivo pessoal:
Authors: Santos Luciana Eliza dos
Published: December 2022

O texto apresenta a relação de pertencimento entre um arquivo pessoal e as ações políticas e sociais do sujeito em evidência. A formação e organização de um arquivo pessoal pode expressar detalhes e interstícios de uma vida, expressa pelos contextos sociais, políticos e culturais.  Nesta pesquisa, a organização arquivística, a contextualização de documentos e o trabalho historiográfico a partir do acesso às fontes primárias possibilitam construções de narrativas históricas acerca da vida do professor anarquista João Penteado e da história das Escolas Modernas em São Paulo. A seguir, o Arquivo João Penteado será comentado a partir de um possível trajeto de vida deste educador e das escolas que dirigiu, evocando a memória de experiências de educação libertária no Brasil.
constituição de um arquivo pessoal na negação da história coletiva
Authors: Esquinsani Rosimar Serena Siqueira
Published: December 2022

O texto narra o descaso do agente público sobre documentos de registro da história de uma rede municipal de ensino, e a consequente constituição de um arquivo pessoal, na negação da história coletiva.  Baseando-se em tal narrativa, partilha reflexões sobre a potência de um arquivo pessoal, apontando possibilidades de uso e ponderações advindas da guarda desse material, considerando a relevância para a história da educação de redes e sistemas públicos de ensino. Metodologicamente o texto está assentado em uma pesquisa descritiva, em recorte longitudinal retrospectivo, construída a partir de uma abordagem dialética, com procedimento analítico reconstrutivo e amparada por uma revisão bibliográfica. O corpus empírico de reflexão está calcado em documentos de guarda pessoal, afetos a uma rede municipal de ensino no interior sul-rio-grandense, resgatados de processos de exclusão física e mantidos sob custódia particular ao longo de 20 anos.  Além de apresentar os documentos que constituem o acervo, o desenvolvimento do texto expõe reflexões acerca dos usos de um arquivo pessoal e sua relevância para a história da educação, além de trabalhar com os conceitos de memória coletiva, de Maurice Halbwachs e lugar de memória, de Pierre Nora.  Em síntese, as reflexões tecidas apontam, conclusivamente que, os documentos arrolados no arquivo pessoal são compatíveis com a relevância da história da educação, sendo que a força empírica dos dados contidos nos documentos do acervo indica que o arquivo pode se constituir em um lugar de memória, guardando possibilidades de uma memória coletiva.
Perspectivas pós-coloniais e decoloniais em relações internacionais
Authors: Toledo Aureo
Published: December 2022

O que são perspectivas pós-coloniais e decoloniais? Quais autoras(es) e quais ideias têm ganhado destaque no debate contemporâneo? De que forma elas podem contribuir para a área de relações internacionais? A obra, dentre outros pontos, almeja discutir esses temas, mediante dois eixos. Na primeira parte, a partir de uma revisão das contribuições de autoras(es) específicas(os), pretende-se apontar as potencialidades das perspectivas pós-coloniais e decoloniais para temas ligados à área de relações internacionais. Na segunda parte, discutem-se criticamente temas centrais das tradições pós-coloniais e decoloniais, procurando avaliar como tais questões possibilitam pensar, de maneira original e inovadora, não apenas o internacional, mas também o Brasil.
Prosa de Nagô: educando pela cultura
Authors: Machado Vanda
Published: December 2022

“Prosa de Nagô” é um texto dramatizado nascido da escuta e registro de conversas de gente da comunidade Afonjá. Transformados em personagens, todos os envolvidos no projeto Irê Ayó dialogam entre si, entrelaçando aspectos de educação, tradição, religião, ciências, filosofia africana e aspectos da história da África que dão origem a essa família de santo. Abrem-se, com esse livro, possibilidades de efetivar as leis nº 10.639/03 e 11.645/08, que possibilitam caminhos para a compreensão da ancestralidade negra, questão importante na formação de educadoras e educadores para o ensino fundamental com a perspectiva de outros estudos epistemológicos, outras metodologias e outros paradigmas para a construção de um currículo descolonizado, emancipatório e transdisciplinar.
Left ventricle dysfunction in patients with critical neonatal pulmonary stenosis: echocardiographic predictors. A single-center retrospective study
Authors: D’Anna Carolina , Franceschini Alessio , Rebonato Micol , Ciliberti Paolo , Esposito Claudia , Formigari Roberto , Gagliardi Maria Giulia , Guccione Paolo , Butera Gianfranco , Galletti Lorenzo , Chinali Marcello
Published: December 2022

Background

The aim of this study is to identify echocardiographic predictors of transient left ventricle dysfunction after pulmonary valve balloon dilatation (PVBD), in neonates with pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS) and atresia with intact septum (PAIVS) at birth.

Methods

The study includes patients admitted at the Bambino Gesù Children Hospital from January 2012 to January 2017. Clinical, echocardiographic and cardiac catheterization data before and after PVBD were retrospectively analyzed.

Results

Twenty-nine infants were included in the study (21 male and eight female). The median age was 5.8 ± 7.1 days. Eight patients developed transient LV dysfunction (three PAIVS and five PVS) and comparing data before and after the procedure, there was no difference in right ventricle geometrical and functional parameters except for evidence of at least moderate pulmonary valve regurgitation after PVBD.

Conclusion

Moderate to severe degree pulmonary valve regurgitation was significant associated to LV dysfunction (p < 0.05) in PVS and PAIVS patients.
Reasons and Barriers of Breast Self-examination among Affluent Women: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Thompson Sheldon , Kumar N Pragathi , Ramchandra Tagaram , Priyanka S
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Breast Self-examination (BSE) is the simplest and easiest way to look for abnormalities. It’s an inexpensive and easy procedure that needs to be implemented from a young age. BSE will help in early diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant tumours. Inadequate knowledge about BSE was seen usually in non affluent women. Though, affluent individuals have access to good and better healthcare, still there seems to be a lack. Aim: To understand the reasons and barriers among affluent women concerning BSE. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the field area of Ayaan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India, from March 2021 to February 2022. A total of 250 women were included in the study between the ages of 21-49 years. Data was collected using a predesigned pretested questionnaire to evaluate socio-demographic, reasons and barriers to BSE. Data were presented in numbers and percentages. Results: The mean age of the study population was 34.60±8.31 years. All 250 women were educated and with the majority being graduates (n=176, 70.4%), only 140 (56%) had a working occupation and the 205 (82%) were married. The feeling of mass in either of the breast (123, 49.2%), followed by family history of breast cancer (99, 39.6%) and breast pain (92, 36.8%) were the common reasons for performing SBE. The barriers to self-examination were majorly due to lack of knowledge (164, 65.6%), lack of breast complaints (164, 65.6%), absence of lump (130, 52%), followed by 115 (46%) who did not like to touch their breast. Forgetfulness was seen in 93 (37.2%) subjects. Conclusion: Poor awareness of the BSE practice exists even among affluent women. There is an urgent need for awareness about screening techniques, including BSE, in media and health facilities.
Histopathological Spectrum of Neoplastic and Non Neoplastic Brain Lesions at a Tertiary Care Centre in South IndiaA Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Reddy Vijaya Lakshmi Muram , Venkata Sunanda Lakshmi Gelli , Kharidehal Durga , Reddy Penchala Reddy Muram , Nandam Mohan Rao , Byna Syamsundara Rao , Grandhi Bhavana
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Brain lesions can be caused by varied etiological factors like neoplastic, infectious, inflammatory and vascular diseases. Accurate diagnosis in very important for correct neurosurgical treatment. A retrospective histopathological study of brain lesions is of utmost importance because as it can demonstrate the changes in the spectrum of brain lesions,burden of disease in the community, can reveal the possible risk factors and can suggest probable treatment methods for various neoplastic and non neoplastic brain lesions. Aim: To evaluate the incidence, age distribution, gender distribution, and histopathological spectrum of neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions of brain. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India, from January 2019 to December 2021. Total 216 cases were studied. The tumours were classified under World Health Organization (WHO) classification. To test the mean difference between the groups, Independent sample t-test was done. Results: Out of 216 cases, 180 (83%) were neoplastic and 36 (17%) were non neoplastic lesions. The male: female ratio was 1.03:1. Non neoplastic lesions were common in males (22, 61.11%), while neoplastic lesions were common in females (92, 51.11%). The most common age group affected was 41-50 years (55, 25.46%). Astrocytoma (41, 22.77%) followed by meningioma (40, 22.22%) were the common neoplastic tumours and haematoma(7, 19.44%) was the most common non neoplastic lesion in adults. Common tumour in children (<18 years) was diffuse fibrillary astrocytoma (3/11, 27.27%)and chronic inflammatory pathology was the common non neoplastic lesion (2/11, 18.18%). Conclusion: Majority of cases were seen in 41-50 years age group. Astrocytoma was the common neoplastic tumour and haematoma was the common non neoplastic lesion in adults. Diffuse fibrillary astrocytoma was the common tumour and chronic inflammatory pathology was the common non neoplastic lesion in children.
Likelihood Ratio Search Procedure for Optimum Number of States in a Hidden Markov Manpower Model
Authors: Ossai Everestus O. , Madukaife Mbanefo S.
Published: December 2022

This paper aims at obtaining the optimum number of states for a hidden Markov manpower model, which, hitherto, has been chosen arbitrarily. A search procedure that attains this optimum number after a few steps across a series of N hidden Markov manpower models is proposed. The likelihood ratio statistic is employed to conduct pairwise model comparison tests on the N hidden Markov manpower models ordered according to their level of parsimony. The illustration shows the usefulness of the procedure in choosing the right number of states for a hidden Markov manpower model to avoid wrong specification of such models. The proposed procedure can be useful in other areas of research, such as in biological, medical and social sciences, where application of hidden Markov model may require the determination of number of hidden states based on unobserved data with latent heterogeneity. The procedure has a straightforward formulation and its application in other areas requires mainly the adaptation of the model specifications for the new area’s system dynamics.