bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YWHAZ amplification/overexpression defines aggressive bladder cancer and contributes to chemo‐/radio‐resistance by suppressing caspase‐mediated apoptosis
Authors: Yu Chia‐Cheng , Li Chien‐Feng , Chen I‐Hsuan , Lai Ming‐Tsung , Lin Zi‐Jun , Korla Praveen K , Chai Chee‐Yin , Ko Grace , Chen Chih‐Mei , Hwang Tritium , Lee Shan‐Chih , Sheu Jim J‐C
Published: April 2019

The objective of this study was to characterize the oncogenic actions of a recently identified cancer‐associated gene YWHAZ (also named as 14‐3‐3 ζ/δ) in urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder (UCUB). A genome‐wide study revealed YWHAZ to be involved in the amplicon at 8q22.3, and its genetic amplification was detected predominantly in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the association of YWHAZ overexpression with higher tumor stages, lymph node/vascular invasion, and mitotic activity. Univariate and multivariate analyses further indicated the prognostic potential of YWHAZ for more aggressive cancer types. Both gene set enrichment analysis and STRING network studies suggested involvement of YWHAZ in regulating caspase‐mediated apoptosis. Ectopic expression of YWHAZ in bladder cells with low endogenous YWHAZ levels boosted cell resistance to doxorubicin and cisplatin, as well as to ionizing radiation. Conversely, YWHAZ‐knockdown using specific shRNA in cells with high endogenous YWHAZ levels diminished survival activity, suppressing cell growth and increasing cell death. Our findings confirm the essential role played by YWHAZ in sustaining cell proliferation during chemo/radiotherapy. Treatments based on anti‐YWHAZ strategies may thus be beneficial for UCUB patients overexpressing YWHAZ. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Bone marrow‐derived macrophage contributes to fibrosing steatohepatitis through activating hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Han Juqiang , Zhang Xiang , Lau Jennie K‐C , Fu Kaili , Lau Harry CH , Xu Weiqi , Chu Eagle SH , Lan Huiyao , Yu Jun
Published: April 2019

The role of macrophages in fibrosing steatohepatitis is largely unclear. We characterized the origin and molecular mechanisms of macrophages and its targeted therapy of fibrosing steatohepatitis. Fibrosing steatohepatitis was established in Alms1 mutant (foz/foz) and C57BL/6J wildtype mice fed high‐fat/high‐cholesterol or methionine‐ and choline‐deficient diet. Bone marrow transplantation was performed to track the macrophage origin in fibrosing steatohepatitis. Macrophages were depleted using liposomal clodronate. Primary macrophages were isolated from bone marrow for adoptive transfer into mice. We found that macrophage infiltration is induced in two mouse models of fibrosing steatohepatitis and human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis‐fibrosis patients. Bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMMs) contribute to the hepatic macrophage accumulation in experimental fibrosing steatohepatitis. Depletion of hepatic BMMs by liposomal clodronate during liver injury attenuated fibrosing steatohepatitis, whilst BMMs depletion after liver injury delayed the regression of fibrosing steatohepatitis. The pro‐fibrotic effect of macrophages was associated with reduced activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), collagen deposition and hepatic expression of key pro‐fibrotic factors (TIMP1, TIMP2, and TGFβ1) and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (GRP78, IRE1α, and PDI). Conversely, adoptive transfer of BMMs significantly aggravated fibrosing steatohepatitis. Moreover, macrophage‐conditioned medium directly promoted the phenotypic transition of primary quiescent HSCs to activated HSCs; it enhanced activation and proliferation but decreased apoptosis of HSC cell lines (LX‐2 and HSC‐T6). The effect of BMMs in promoting fibrosing steatohepatitis was mediated by inducing key pro‐fibrosis factors and signaling pathways including cytokine/chemokine, TGFβ and complement cascade as assessed by cDNA expression array. Complement 3a receptor (C3ar1) was a predominant effector of macrophage mediated fibrosing steatohepatitis. Knockout of C3ar1 in mice blunted development of fibrosing steatohepatitis. In conclusion, BMMs promoted the progression of fibrosing steatohepatitis during injury, whereas macrophages reduced fibrosing steatohepatitis in the recovery phase of liver injury. Increasing anti‐fibrotic macrophages and decreasing pro‐fibrotic macrophages are promising approaches for fibrosing steatohepatitis. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Integrating early palliative care into routine practice for patients with cancer: A mixed methods evaluation of the INTEGRATE Project
Authors: Evans Jenna M. , Mackinnon Marnie , Pereira Jose , Earle Craig C. , Gagnon Bruno , Arthurs Erin , Gradin Sharon , Buchman Sandy , Wright Frances C.
Published: April 2019

Objective

With increasing evidence from controlled trials on benefits of early palliative care, there is a need for studies examining implementation in real‐world settings. The INTEGRATE Project was a 3‐year real‐world project that promoted early identification and support of patients with cancer who may benefit from palliative care. This study assesses feasibility, stakeholder experiences, and early impact of the INTEGRATE Project

Methods

The INTEGRATE Project was implemented in four cancer centers in Ontario, Canada, and consisted of interdisciplinary provider education and an integrated care model. Providers used the Surprise Question to identify patients for inclusion. A mixed methods evaluation of INTEGRATE was conducted using descriptive data, interviews with providers and managers, and provider surveys.

Results

A total of 760 patients with cancer (lung, glioblastoma, head and neck, gastrointestinal) were included. Results suggest improvement in provider confidence to deliver palliative care and to initiate the Advanced Care Planning (ACP) conversation. The majority of patients (85%) had an ACP or goals of care (GOC) conversation initiated within a mean time to conversation of 5‐46 days (SD 20‐93) across centers. A primary care report was transmitted to family doctors 48‐100% of the time within a mean time to transmission of 7‐54 days (SD 9‐27) across centers. Enablers and barriers influencing success of the model were also identified.

Conclusions

A standardized model for the early introduction of palliative care for patients with cancer can be integrated into the routine practice of oncology providers, with appropriate education, integration into existing clinical workflows, and administrative support.
Posttraumatic stress disorder among cancer patients—Findings from a large and representative interview‐based study in Germany
Authors: Esser Peter , Glaesmer Heide , Faller Hermann , Koch Uwe , Härter Martin , Schulz Holger , Wegscheider Karl , Weis Joachim , Mehnert Anja
Published: April 2019

Objective

In order to optimize psycho‐oncologic care for patients with severe stressor‐related symptomatology, we aimed to provide (a) valid and generalizable prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in oncological patients and (b) the percentage of PTSD cases elicited by cancer‐related events.

Methods

This multi‐center study was based on a representative sample of patients across cancer types. A diagnostic interview (CIDI‐O) was used to assess PTSD according to DSM‐IV. We first describe type and frequency of potentially traumatic events (A1‐events) and the degree to which they meet the trauma criteria (A2‐events). Subsequently, we present adjusted prevalence rates of PTSD and explore the proportion of patients with cancer‐related PTSD.

Results

Four thousand twenty patients participated (response rate: 68 %), and 2141 completed the diagnostic interview; 1641 patients reported at least one A1‐event, of whom 16% (n = 257) reported cancer‐related events. Ninety‐one percent (n = 232) of theses cancer‐related events qualified as A2‐events. Across cancer types, the adjusted 4‐week prevalence of PTSD was 2.0% (95% CI, 1.5‐2.7); 9% (n = 5) of the 4‐week PTSD cases were cancer‐related.

Conclusions

Across cancer types and treatment settings, few cancer patients fulfilled diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Of those, a mere fraction was attributable to cancer‐related events. These robust findings should be taken into account in both research and practice to develop and provide adequate care for cancer patients with severe stressor‐related symptomatology.
The role of daily couple communication in the relationship between illness representation and fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer survivors and their spouses
Authors: Xu Wei , Wang Jianping , Schoebi Dominik
Published: April 2019

Objective

Previous studies have shown the significance of illness representation in maintaining of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). The current study explored the association of illness representation and fear of cancer recurrence in daily life among breast cancer survivors and their spouses, considering the role of daily couple communication.

Methods

A total of 54 couples in which the wives were breast cancer survivors were recruited to complete Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and to report their communication information and fear of cancer recurrence in daily life.

Results

At the between‐person level, individuals with severer illness representation were likely to express more negative and less positive information in daily life, irrespective of whether they were patients or spouses. At the within‐person level, perceptions of positive information acted as a mediator between disclosures of positive/negative information and changes in FCR.

Conclusions

There were interactions of the relationship of illness representation to FCR between breast cancer survivors and their spouses. Daily couple communication played critical roles in the association between illness representation and FCR.
Scalable Approach for Amorphous Thin Silicon Films Near‐IR Laser‐Induced Crystallization Using Nickel Absorption Layer
Authors: Serdobintsev Alexey A. , Kozhevnikov Ilya O. , Starodubov Andrey V. , Ryabukho Peter V. , Galushka Victor V. , Pavlov Anton M.
Published: April 2019

Technology for thin polycrystalline silicon films preparation is crucial for development of novel semiconductor devices, including flexible electronics. A method for thin polycrystalline silicon film preparation utilizing deposited nickel absorption layer which allows use of inexpensive 1064 nm pulsed YAG:Nd laser for laser annealing of magnetron‐sputtered amorphous silicon is reported here. Film morphology changes are visualized with scanning electron microscopy, its chemical composition and Ni fate upon laser irradiation are studied using X‐ray energy dispersion analysis and secondary ion mass spectrometry. Silicon crystalline structure changes and its homogeneity are characterized using Raman spectroscopy utilizing mapped spectral measurements. Range of laser radiation energy fluence (J cm−2) is established which allowed for preparation of fully polycrystalline silicon film with crystalline silicon Raman peak position and width comparable to that of single‐crystalline material. Nickel film is found to ablate substantially upon irradiation, leaving remains that can be easily removed by chemical etching.
Enhanced Catalytic and Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutant Rhodamine‐B by LaMnO3 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Non‐Aqueous Sol‐Gel Route
Authors: Dhiman Tarun K. , Singh Satyendra
Published: April 2019

The water crisis is one of the major problem of the 21st century. This has led to the development of various techniques for water purification such as wastewater treatment. In this technique, coloring dyes are one of the most challenging materials to treat. Rhodamine‐B (RhB) is one of the significant coloring agent and is very difficult to treat using conventional techniques. Here, the enhanced catalytic and photocatalytic degradation of RhB by LaMnO3 nanoparticles is reported. The sol‐gel route is used for the synthesis of LaMnO3 nanoparticles, and structural, magnetic, optical and zeta potential studies are performed. X‐ray diffraction analysis confirms the rhombohedral perovskite structure with R3c space group. The magnetic measurement at 5 K shows that saturation magnetization value increases with an increase in particle size. UV–vis absorption study of LaMnO3 nanoparticles confirms the optical band gap decreases with increasing size. Zeta potential study of LaMnO3 nanoparticles shows a negative charge on the surface. Degradation of organic pollutant RhB by nanoparticles of LaMnO3 is performed under dark, followed by visible light irradiation. Under the dark, 90–92% of the RhB is degraded. Subsequently, upon visible light irradiation, it increased above 99%, confirming enhanced catalytic and photocatalytic activity of LaMnO3 nanoparticles over RhB.
High Efficiency Non‐Doped White Organic Light Emitting Diodes Based on a Bilayer Interface‐Exciplex Structure
Authors: Wang Han , Dong Dan , Lian Lu , Zhu Feng , Xu Dingyan , Wu Siyao , He Gufeng
Published: April 2019

High efficiency non‐doped blue and white organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) are realized by using a bilayer interface‐exciplex (i‐Exc) structure. Since the neutral exciplex are formed at the interface, the interface charge accumulation is reduced, thereby suppressing exciton quenching in the device. With the i‐Exc structure, a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 23.1% is achieved in the non‐doped blue phosphorescent OLED. Moreover, the white emission can be obtained by inserting an ultrathin orange‐red phosphorescent emitter into the blue devices. The charge trapping in the orange‐red emitter can be suppressed by adjusting the position of the ultrathin orange‐red emitting layer in the device, contributing to superior spectral stability. The WOLED achieves an EQE of 20.0% and exhibits a stable warm white emission. The Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of WOLED are (0.41, 0.40) at 5 V and slightly change to (0.40, 0.41) at 9 V.
On the role of regional hubs in the environmental sustainability of humanitarian supply chains
Authors: Zarei Mohammad Hossein , Carrasco‐Gallego Ruth , Ronchi Stefano
Published: April 2019

In spite of strong commitment of humanitarian and development communities with the protection of our planet, expressed through the Sustainable Development Goals in the Agenda 2030, environmental sustainability still remains an overlooked aspect in humanitarian supply chains (HSCs). Using a collaborative mixed‐methods research with an international humanitarian organization, this paper sheds light on the causes of unsustainable operations in HSCs and investigates the impact of regional hubs on the environmental sustainability. First, an in‐depth focus group was conducted involving the organization's employees and the research team to identify the main causes contributing to unsustainable HSC in the organization. Five categories of causes were identified, namely, supply chain configuration (SCC), transportation, donors, material and waste, and humanitarian specificities. Then, based on respondents' prioritization, SCC was selected as the most important category. Carbon footprinting for three SCC scenarios was conducted: the current SCC and two conceptual SCC with two hubs in East and West Africa with different replenishment windows. The results reveal that the SCCs with hubs outperform the current SCC in terms of carbon footprint. Finally, the challenges of implementing the conceptual SCCs and possible solutions to address them were discussed through follow‐up individual interviews.
Facile Construction of Sandwich‐like Co3O4/CNTs Complex for High‐performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Xin , Song Kun , Yang Rui , Jing Xiaoyan , Wang Jun
Published: April 2019

Sandwich‐like, hetero‐structured Co3O4/CNTs were prepared by a simple hydrothermal and self‐assembly process. The CNTs insert into layered Co3O4 sheets and ensure fast electron transfer between the Co3O4 sheets for a faradaic reaction close to the electroactive sites and effectively inhibit the deformation and collapse of the pseudocapacitance material in the cyclic process. The well‐ordered complex delivers a specific capacitance of 562.22 F⋅g−1 at a current density of 1 A⋅g−1; and in a three‐electrode system with regard to hold 96% of the primitive specific capacitance after 5000 cycles. An asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled with Co3O4/CNTs as positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as negative electrode, the device shows a high energy density of 157.5 W⋅h⋅kg−1 at a power density of 2520 W⋅kg−1.
Towards the Organic Double Heterojunction Solar Cell
Authors: Kaake Loren G.
Published: April 2019

A perspective on the operating principles of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells is outlined and used to suggest an alternative device configuration, employing two type II semiconductor heterojunctions in series. Guiding principles to the implementation of this configuration, called a double heterojunction, are summarized. Assuming an exciton binding energy of 0.3 eV or less, results in a maximum achievable power conversion efficiency of well over 25 %. Achieving a high efficiency organic double heterojunction requires a specific energy level alignment, charge separation in the absence of driving forces, high phase purity and excellent diode quality. Fully conjugated triblock polymers of the form [D1‐A1]‐[D1‐A2]‐[D2‐A2] appear to be a system that can fulfill these requirements. Going forward, the primary challenge is the identification and development of synthetically tractable materials which have the necessary properties.
Recent Advances in the Optimization of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Metal‐Containing Nanomaterials
Authors: Lian Hong , Shen Jiahao , Guo Hongen , Cheng Xiaozhe , Dong Qingchen , Yang Jianhai , Wong Wai‐Yeung
Published: April 2019

Metal‐containing nanomaterials have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to their physicochemical, light‐scattering and plasmonic properties. By introducing different kinds and different structures of metal‐containing nanomaterials into organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), the optical properties of the devices can be tailored, which can effectively improve the luminous efficiency of OLEDs. In this review, the fundamental knowledge of OLEDs and metallic nanomaterials were firstly introduced. Then we overviewed the recent development of the optimization of OLEDs through introducing different kinds of metal‐containing nanomaterials.
Screening various Yarrowia lipolytica strains for citric acid production
Authors: Carsanba Erdem , Papanikolaou Seraphim , Fickers Patrick , Erten Huseyin
Published: April 2019

Citric acid (CA) productivity by Yarrowia lipolytica dependents on strain type, carbon source, carbon to nitrogen (C/N) molar ratio as well as physicochemical conditions (pH, temperature, oxygen transfer rate, etc.). In the current study, 10 different Y. lipolytica strains were first challenged in shake‐flask culture for CA production in a glucose‐based media under nitrogen‐limited conditions. For the most promising one, strain K57, CA productivity was monitored during culture in batch bioreactor for three initial C/N molar ratio (167, 367, and 567 Cmol/Nmol). The highest CA yield (0.77 g/g glucose), titre (72.3 g/L CA), and productivity (0.04 g/g.h) were found for C/N ratio of 367. However, the highest growth rate was obtained for an initial C/N ratio of 167. From these results, Y. lipolytica strain K57 could be considered to produce CA at higher titre on glucose‐based medium in batch bioreactor than others Y. lipolytica strain reported in the literature.
The NMSSM is within reach of the LHC: mass correlations & decay signatures
Authors: Baum Sebastian , Shah Nausheen R. , Freese Katherine
Published: April 2019

Abstract

The Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM), the singlet extension of the MSSM which fixes many of the MSSM’s shortcomings, is shown to be within reach of the upcoming runs of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A systematic treatment of the various Higgs decay channels and their interplay has been lacking due to the seemingly large number of free parameters in the NMSSM’s Higgs sector. We demonstrate that due to the SM-like nature of the observed Higgs boson, the NMSSM’s Higgs and neutralino sectors have highly correlated masses and couplings and can effectively be described by four physically intuitive parameters: the physical masses of the two CP-odd states and their mixing angle, and tanβ, which plays a minor role. The heavy Higgs bosons in the NMSSM have large branching ratios into pairs of lighter Higgs bosons or a light Higgs and aZboson. Search channels arising via these Higgs cascades are unique to models like the NMSSM with a Higgs sector larger than that of the MSSM. In order to cover as much of the NMSSM parameter space as possible, one must combine conventional search strategies employing decays of the additional Higgs bosons into pairs of SM particles with Higgs cascade channels. We demonstrate that such a combination would allow a significant fraction of the viable NMSSM parameter space containing additional Higgs bosons with masses below 1 TeV to be probed at future runs of the LHC.
Probing the scalar potential via double Higgs boson production at hadron colliders
Authors: Borowka Sophia , Duhr Claude , Maltoni Fabio , Pagani Davide , Shivaji Ambresh , Zhao Xiaoran
Published: April 2019

Abstract

We present a sensitivity study on the cubic and quartic self couplings in double Higgs production via gluon fusion at hadron colliders. Considering the relevant operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory up to dimension eight, we calculate the dominant contributions up to two-loop level, where the first dependence on the quartic interaction appears. Our approach allows to study the independent variations of the two self couplings and to clearly identify the terms necessary to satisfy gauge invariance and to obtain UV-finite results order by order in perturbation theory. We focus on the

$$ b\overline{b}\gamma \gamma $$

b

b
¯

γ
γ

signature for simplicity and provide the expected bounds for the cubic and quartic self couplings at the 14 TeV LHC with 3000 fb−1 (HL-LHC) and for a future 100 TeV collider (FCC-100) with 30 ab−1. We find that while the HL-LHC will provide very limited sensitivity on the quartic self coupling, precision measurements of double Higgs production at a FCC-100 will offer the opportunity to set competitive bounds. We show that combining information from double and triple Higgs production leads to significantly improved prospects for the determination of the quartic self coupling.
Ishibashi states, topological orders with boundaries and topological entanglement entropy. Part I
Authors: Lou Jiaqi , Shen Ce , Hung Ling-Yan
Published: April 2019

Abstract

In this paper, we study gapped edges/interfaces in a 2+1 dimensional bosonic topological order and investigate how the topological entanglement entropy is sensitive to them. We present a detailed analysis of the Ishibashi states describing these edges/interfaces making use of the physics of anyon condensation in the context of Abelian Chern-Simons theory, which is then generalized to more non-Abelian theories whose edge RCFTs are known. Then we apply these results to computing the entanglement entropy of different topological orders. We consider cases where the system resides on a cylinder with gapped boundaries and that the entanglement cut is parallel to the boundary. We also consider cases where the entanglement cut coincides with the interface on a cylinder. In either cases, we find that the topological entanglement entropy is determined by the anyon condensation pattern that characterizes the interface/boundary. We note that conditions are imposed on some non-universal parameters in the edge theory to ensure existence of the conformal interface, analogous to requiring rational ratios of radii of compact bosons.
NLL′ resummation of jet mass
Authors: Balsiger Marcel , Becher Thomas , Shao Ding Yu
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Starting from a factorization theorem in effective field theory, we present resummed results for two non-global observables: the invariant-mass distribution of jets and the energy distribution outside jets. Our results include the full next-to-leading-order corrections to the hard, jet and soft functions and are implemented in a parton-shower framework which generates the renormalization-group running in the effective theory. The inclusion of these matching corrections leads to an improved description of the data and reduced theoretical uncertainties. They will have to be combined with two-loop running in the future, but our results are an important first step towards the higher-logarithmic resummation of non-global observables.
Higher derivative corrections to Kerr black hole thermodynamics
Authors: Reall Harvey S. , Santos Jorge E.
Published: April 2019

Abstract

In an effective field theory approach to gravity, the Einstein-Hilbert action is supplemented by higher derivative terms. In the absence of matter, four derivative terms can be eliminated by a field redefinition. We use the Euclidean action to calculate analytically the corrections to thermodynamic quantities of the Kerr solution arising from terms with six or eight derivatives. The eight derivative terms make a non-negative correction to the entropy (at fixed mass and angular momentum) if their coefficients have appropriate signs. The correction from the six derivative terms does not have a definite sign.
Late time Wilson lines
Authors: Kraus Per , Sivaramakrishnan Allic , Snively River
Published: April 2019

Abstract

In the AdS3/CFT2 correspondence, physical interest attaches to understanding Virasoro conformal blocks at large central charge and in a kinematical regime of large Lorentzian time separation, t ∼ c. However, almost no analytical information about this regime is presently available. By employing the Wilson line representation we derive new results on conformal blocks at late times, effectively resumming all dependence on t/c. This is achieved in the context of “light-light” blocks, as opposed to the richer, but much less tractable, “heavy-light” blocks. The results exhibit an initial decay, followed by erratic behavior and recurrences. We also connect this result to gravitational contributions to anomalous dimensions of double trace operators by using the Lorentzian inversion formula to extract the latter. Inverting the stress tensor block provides a pedagogical example of inversion formula machinery.
Basso-Dixon correlators in two-dimensional fishnet CFT
Authors: Derkachov Sergei , Kazakov Vladimir , Olivucci Enrico
Published: April 2019

Abstract

We compute explicitly the two-dimensional version of Basso-Dixon type integrals for the planar 4-point correlation functions given by conformal “fishnet” Feynman graphs. These diagrams are represented by a fragment of a regular square lattice of power-like propagators, arising in the recently proposed integrable bi-scalar fishnet CFT. The formula is derived from first principles, using the formalism of separated variables in integrable SL(2, ℂ) spin chain. It is generalized to anisotropic fishnet, with different powers for propagators in two directions of the lattice.
Private Sector Corruption, Public Sector Corruption and the Organizational Structure of Foreign Subsidiaries
Authors: Sartor Michael A. , Beamish Paul W.
Published: April 2019

Corporate anti-corruption initiatives can make a substantial contribution towards curtailing corruption and advancing efforts to achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. However, researchers have observed that underdeveloped assumptions with respect to the conceptualization of corruption and how firms respond to corruption risk impeding the efficacy of anti-corruption programs. We investigate the relationship between the perceived level of corruption in foreign host countries and the organizational structure of subsidiary operations established by multinational corporations (MNCs). Foreign host market corruption is disaggregated into two components—private and public corruption. We employ an uncertainty-based perspective grounded in transaction cost theory to focus upon the distinct mechanisms through which private and public corruption can each be expected to impact a foreign subsidiary’s organizational structure [wholly-owned subsidiary (WOS) or a joint venture (JV) with a local partner]. We expect that each type of corruption fosters a different type of uncertainty (environmental or behavioral) which predominates in shaping the MNC’s choice of foreign subsidiary investment structure. Hypotheses are developed and tested with a sample of 187 entries into 19 foreign host markets. Each type of corruption was found to exert a distinct effect upon the organizational structure of foreign subsidiaries. More precisely, while heightened perceived levels of public corruption were found to motivate MNCs to invest through a JV with a local partner rather than a WOS, more pronounced private corruption precipitated the opposite outcome.
Correction to: Ceramicines M–P from Chisocheton ceramicus: isolation and structure–activity relationship study
Authors: Nugroho Alfarius Eko , Hashimoto Akiyo , Wong Chin-Piow , Yokoe Hiromasa , Tsubuki Masayoshi , Kaneda Toshio , Hadi A. Hamid A. , Morita Hiroshi
Published: April 2019

The article Ceramicines M–P from Chisocheton ceramicus: isolation and structure–activity relationship study.
Utility of a Shuffled Differential Evolution algorithm in designing of a Pi-Sigma Neural Network based predictor model
Authors: Dash Rajashree , Rautray Rasmita , Dash Rasmita
Published: April 2019

Since the last few decades, Artificial Neural Networks have been the center of attraction of a large number of researchers for solving diversified problem domains. Due to its distinguishing features such as generalization ability, robustness and strong ability to tackle nonlinear problems, it appears to be more popular in financial time series modeling and prediction. In this paper, a Pi-Sigma Neural Network is designed for foretelling the future currency exchange rates in different prediction horizon. The unrevealed parameters of the network are interpreted by a hybrid learning algorithm termed as Shuffled Differential Evolution (SDE). The main motivation of this study is to integrate the partitioning and random shuffling scheme of Shuffled Frog Leaping algorithm with evolutionary steps of a Differential Evolution technique to obtain an optimal solution with an accelerated convergence rate. The efficiency of the proposed predictor model is actualized by predicting the exchange rate price of a US dollar against Swiss France (CHF) and Japanese Yen (JPY) accumulated within the same period of time.
Fatal Second Impact Syndrome in Rowan Stringer, A 17-Year-Old Rugby Player
Authors: Tator Charles , Starkes Jill , Dolansky Gillian , Quet Julie , Michaud Jean , Vassilyadi Michael
Published: April 2019

Second impact syndrome (SIS) is associated with malignant brain swelling and usually occurs in young athletes with one or more prior, recent concussions. SIS is rare and some dispute its existence. We report a case of SIS in Rowan Stringer, age 17, a rugby player who sustained a fatal brain injury despite prompt medical therapy including decompression surgery. The cause of the massive brain swelling was initially unknown. An inquest revealed Rowan’s text messages to friends describing symptoms from two prior, recent rugby brain injuries, likely concussions, within 5 days of the fatal blow and confirming the diagnosis of SIS.
VARIETIES OF SIGNATURE TENSORS
Authors: AMÉNDOLA CARLOS , FRIZ PETER , STURMFELS BERND
Published: April 2019

The signature of a parametric curve is a sequence of tensors whose entries are iterated integrals. This construction is central to the theory of rough paths in stochastic analysis. It is examined here through the lens of algebraic geometry. We introduce varieties of signature tensors for both deterministic paths and random paths. For the former, we focus on piecewise linear paths, on polynomial paths, and on varieties derived from free nilpotent Lie groups. For the latter, we focus on Brownian motion and its mixtures.
Comparative Network Research in China
Authors: Burt Ronald S. , Batjargal Bat
Published: April 2019

Using recent substantive results on China and the West, we highlight some virtues to Mill's method of residues for comparative network research. The result is research that combines the emic-etic approaches discussed by Leung (2009) with the spirit of Whetten's (2009: 49) efforts to make ‘theory borrowing more context sensitive’. We draw on recent comparative research about the competitive advantage enjoyed by network brokers, trust facilitated by embedding a relationship in a closed network, the subset of Chinese relations that constituteguanxi, the idea of American and Europeanguanxi, different business environments maintained by the same network mechanism, cocoon networks, small-world networks, the longer history apparent in Chinese networks, and job search via colleagues, friends, and family. We also illustrate the value of data graphs for the expository value of the method of residuals in comparative network analyses.
Ethnicity-specific cut-offs that predict co-morbidities: the way forward for optimal utility of obesity indicators
Authors: Kapoor Nitin , Furler John , Paul Thomas V. , Thomas Nihal , Oldenburg Brian
Published: April 2019

Obesity indicators are useful clinical tools in the measurement of obesity, but it is important for clinicians to appropriately interpret their values in individuals with different ethnicities. Future research is needed to identify optimal cut-offs that can predict the occurrence of cardio-metabolic comorbidities in individuals of different ethnic descent. Assessment of more recently developed indicators like the Edmonton Obesity Staging System and visceral adipose tissue are able to appropriately identify metabolically at-risk individuals.
The effect of smartphone-based monitoring on illness activity in bipolar disorder: the MONARCA II randomized controlled single-blinded trial
Authors: Faurholt-Jepsen Maria , Frost Mads , Christensen Ellen Margrethe , Bardram Jakob E. , Vinberg Maj , Kessing Lars Vedel
Published: April 2019

Background

Recently, the MONARCA I randomized controlled trial (RCT) was the first to investigate the effect of smartphone-based monitoring in bipolar disorder (BD). Findings suggested that smartphone-based monitoring sustained depressive but reduced manic symptoms. The present RCT investigated the effect of a new smartphone-based system on the severity of depressive and manic symptoms in BD.

Methods

Randomized controlled single-blind parallel-group trial. Patients with BD, previously treated at The Copenhagen Clinic for Affective Disorder, Denmark and currently treated at community psychiatric centres, private psychiatrists or GPs were randomized to the use of a smartphone-based system or to standard treatment for 9 months. Primary outcomes: differences in depressive and manic symptoms between the groups.

Results

A total of 129 patients with BD (ICD-10) were included. Intention-to-treat analyses showed no statistically significant effect of smartphone-based monitoring on depressive (B = 0.61, 95% CI −0.77 to 2.00, p = 0.38) and manic (B = −0.25, 95% CI −1.1 to 0.59, p = 0.56) symptoms. The intervention group reported higher quality of life and lower perceived stress compared with the control group. In sub-analyses, the intervention group had higher risk of depressive episodes, but lower risk of manic episodes compared with the control group.

Conclusions

There was no effect of smartphone-based monitoring. In patient-reported outcomes, patients in the intervention group reported improved quality of life and reduced perceived stress. Patients in the intervention group had higher risk of depressive episodes and reduced risk of manic episodes. Despite the widespread use and excitement of electronic monitoring, few studies have investigated possible effects. Further studies are needed.
Gauging the South China Sea: Route Books (genglubu) since 1974
Authors: Kurz Johannes L.
Published: April 2019

This research report traces the history of route books (genglubu) from their chance discovery in 1974. It assesses the credibility of these practical nautical guide books as historical sources employed by official agencies in mainland China to claim permanent Chinese occupation of islands in the South China Sea. The route books of Hainan fishermen have a rather short history, having been laid down in writing only in the early 20th century. As contemporary practical nautical guides, they complement the established order of pre-modern Chinese texts used in official publications to describe the South China Sea as historical Chinese territory.
APPLICATIONS OF INVOLUTIVE HEEGAARD FLOER HOMOLOGY
Authors: Hendricks Kristen , Hom Jennifer , Lidman Tye
Published: April 2019

We use Heegaard Floer homology to define an invariant of homology cobordism. This invariant is isomorphic to a summand of the reduced Heegaard Floer homology of a rational homology sphere equipped with a spin structure and is analogous to Stoffregen’s connected Seiberg–Witten Floer homology. We use this invariant to study the structure of the homology cobordism group and, along the way, compute the involutive correction terms $\bar{d}$ and $\text{}\underline{d}$ for certain families of three-manifolds.
Variance Components Models for Analysis of Big Family Data of Health Outcomes in the Lifelines Cohort Study
Authors: Demetrashvili Nino , Smidt Nynke , Snieder Harold , van den Heuvel Edwin R. , Wit Ernst C.
Published: April 2019

Large multigenerational cohort studies offer powerful ways to study the hereditary effects on various health outcomes. However, accounting for complex kinship relations in big data structures can be methodologically challenging. The traditional kinship model is computationally infeasible when considering thousands of individuals. In this article, we propose a computationally efficient alternative that employs fractional relatedness of family members through a series of founding members. The primary goal of this study is to investigate whether the effect of determinants on health outcome variables differs with and without accounting for family structure. We compare a fixed-effects model without familial effects with several variance components models that account for heritability and shared environment structure. Our secondary goal is to apply the fractional relatedness model in a realistic setting. Lifelines is a three-generation cohort study investigating the biological, behavioral, and environmental determinants of healthy aging. We analyzed a sample of 89,353 participants from 32,452 reconstructed families. Our primary conclusion is that the effect of determinants on health outcome variables does not differ with and without accounting for family structure. However, accounting for family structure through fractional relatedness allows for estimating heritability in a computationally efficient way, showing some interesting differences between physical and mental quality of life heritability. We have shown through simulations that the proposed fractional relatedness model performs better than the standard kinship model, not only in terms of computational time and convenience of fitting using standard functions in R, but also in terms of bias of heritability estimates and coverage.
umx: Twin and Path-Based Structural Equation Modeling in R
Authors: Bates Timothy C. , Maes Hermine , Neale Michael C.
Published: April 2019

Structural equation modeling (SEM) is an important research tool, both for path-based model specification (common in the social sciences) and also for matrix-based models (in heavy use in behavior genetics). We developed umx to give more immediate access, relatively concise syntax and helpful defaults for users in these two broad disciplines. umx supports development, modification and comparison of models, as well as both graphical and tabular outputs. The second major focus of umx, behavior genetic models, is supported via functions implementing standard multigroup twin models. These functions support raw and covariance data, including joint ordinal data, and give solutions for ACE models, including support for covariates, common- and independent-pathway models, and gene × environment interaction models. A tutorial site and question forum are also available.
French vascular physicians’ practices in indicating	antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy in venous	thromboembolism
Authors: Fayol Antoine , Lanéelle Damien , Hoffmann Clément , Mahé Guillaume , Mahé Isabelle
Published: April 2019

Summary. Background: As antiplatelet therapy becomes widespread, physicians face the issue patients being treated with antiplatelet agents (APA) and anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Bleeding risk of this combination is increased 1.5–2.5-fold. The aim of this survey is to assess French vascular physician’s management of this combination at the beginning of the treatment and at 6 months of treatment for VTE. Patients and methods: French vascular physicians were surveyed between September and December 2017, using 4 fictional scenarios regarding a VTE event diagnosed in a patient under antiplatelet therapy plus isolated questions in an online questionnaire, sent by the French Society of Vascular Medicine to its members. Out of 1812 physicians, 179 returned valid questionnaires: the response rate was 9.9%. Results: Firstly 97.2% of respondents acknowledged extra risk with this combination; and 63% ceased antiplatelet therapy when initiating anticoagulants; while 36% did not. Secondly, four strategies emerged: 31.4% ceased APA and prescribed full-dose anticoagulants at initiation and at 6 months; 32% associated reduced-dose anticoagulation with APA at 6 months, regardless of what they decided at initiation; 16.5% prescribed isolated full-dose anticoagulants at initiation and reduced-dose at 6 months; lastly 11.2% associated full-dose anticoagulant with antiplatelet therapy at initiation and at 6 months. Conclusions: French vascular physicians adopted different strategies according to estimated risk/benefit ratio. Prospective randomized controlled trials should compare these strategies in order to make recommendations.
Interplate Slip Following the 2003 Tokachi‐oki Earthquake From Ocean Bottom Pressure Gauge and Land GNSS Data
Authors: Itoh Yuji , Nishimura Takuya , Ariyoshi Keisuke , Matsumoto Hiroyuki
Published: April 2019

Preseismic, coseismic, and 7.5 years of postseismic deformation of the 2003Mw8.0 Tokachi‐oki earthquake are modeled using land Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data and two ocean bottom pressure gauges (OBP) using viscoelastic Green's functions. The postseismic slip distribution is shown to not overlap with the main shock or the source regions of past large earthquakes along the southern part of the Kurile trench. The preseismic locking is estimated in the coseismic and postseismic slip regions using the same plate interface geometry. The temporal evolution of the postseismic slip is described with a single logarithmic function. The slip is shown to decay faster updip of the coseismic slip region compared to the downdip extension. Sustained postseismic slip indicates that the interplate locking in the postseismic slip region had not fully recovered to the pre‐2003 status in the 7.5 year analyzed period. Postseismic slip history also indicates rapid recovery of locking in the coseismic slip region. We examined the constraint of the OBP time series for the postseismic deformation modeling and found that the observed uplift at the OBP sites requires small postseismic slip near the trench, where a tsunamigenicM9 earthquake occurred in the seventeenth century. Uplift at the OBP sites does not constrain the absolute slip magnitude between the updip and downdip sides of the OBP sites but requires the slip in the updip side to be smaller than that in the downdip side. Our model describes transient postseismic deformation observed by both land GNSS and OBP.
Seasonal Flooding Causes Intensification of the River Breeze in the Central Amazon
Authors: Santos Mercel J. , Medvigy David , Silva Dias Maria A. F. , Freitas Edmilson D. , Kim Hyungjun
Published: April 2019

In the central Amazon, surrounding Manaus City, Brazil, the landscape dominated by forest and water bodies supports development of river breezes. Seasonal inundations modify this local scenery affecting, consequently, the local circulations. However, this effect has not properly been investigated yet. Thus, we carried out numerical experiments for a river breeze case to investigate the seasonal flooding effect on the river breeze and detail the processes involved in the river breeze development. In the numerical experiments, we ran the Catchment‐Based Macro‐scale Floodplain (CaMa‐Flood) model to simulate flooding depth and extent and used the CaMa‐Flood outputs to force the Ocean‐Land‐Atmosphere Model. The seasonal flooding alters the surface energy partitioning causing a temperature decrease over the river region and intensification of the river breezes in the daytime. The intensified river breezes propagate more rapidly through the upland region, take longer to dissipate and promote stronger upward vertical motion altering the heat and mass transport. These novel findings are fundamentally important to the understanding of the local climate variability of the central Amazon. We can infer that river breezes and its consequence to local climate are less (more) pronounced in drought (wet) years.
Subglacial Water Can Accelerate East Antarctic Glacier Flow
Authors: Cook Terri
Published: April 2019

Airborne radar from the Recovery Glacier system demonstrates the importance of characterizing the underlying causes of ice flow speedup to understand how glacial discharge could change in the future.
Training Pediatric Residents in Behavioral Health Collaboration: Roles, Evaluation, and Advocacy for Pediatric Psychologists
Authors: Shahidullah Jeffrey D. , Kettlewell Paul W. , Green Cori M.
Published: April 2019

Objective: This commentary describes the current state of pediatric resident training in behavioral health and highlights specific pediatric residency training modalities that may be facilitated or enhanced by involvement of pediatric psychologists. Method: Several calls to action have been made recently by pediatrics organizations around the need to improve behavioral health training in residency programs. A growing body of literature suggests that behavioral health clinicians’ involvement in pediatric residency training, particularly in the context of the integrated behavioral health (IBH) model, is highly valued and sought after by residency program training directors as a mechanism to improve behavioral health competencies and collaboration. This literature base is reviewed through the lens of potential applications by pediatric psychologists. Results: Incorporating pediatric psychologists into the day-to-day training and functioning of pediatric residents through didactic as well as clinical service exposure has been recommended as a means to facilitate learning enhancement in behavioral health service delivery and team-based care. Conclusion: Systematic evaluation and advocacy on behalf of pediatric psychologists’ involvement in pediatric residency training in behavioral health is a timely next step in addressing a recognized need in the field of pediatrics.

Implications for Impact Statement

Primary care pediatricians often function as first line providers for behavioral health concerns, despite reporting a lack of training in this area during residency. Pediatric psychologists may be uniquely positioned to facilitate and/or enhance primary care pediatrician competencies in managing behavioral health concerns, particularly when practicing as a team in the context of an integrated behavioral health (IBH) model through enhanced camaraderie and communication, shared treatment plans, and efficient team work. Delineating roles and evaluating outcomes demonstrating enhanced learning associated with those roles is a timely step in advocating for the added value that pediatric psychologists offer to pediatrics residency training programs.