bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review on progress and prospects of diatomaceous earth as a bio-template material for electrochemical energy storage: synthesis, characterization, and applications
Authors: Appiah Eugene Sefa , Dzikunu Perseverance , Akinwamide Samuel Olukayode , Fangnon Eric A. K. , Mensah-Darkwa Kwadwo , Andrews Anthony , Agyemang Frank Ofori , Nartey Martinson Addo , Makgopa Katlego , Bossuyt Sven
Published: October 2024

This comprehensive review explores the remarkable progress and prospects of diatomaceous earth (DE) as a bio-template material for synthesizing electrode materials tailored explicitly for supercapacitor and battery applications. The unique structures within DE, including its mesoporous nature and high surface area, have positioned it as a pivotal material in energy storage. The mesoporous framework of DE, often defined by pores with diameters between 2 and 50 nm, provides a substantial surface area, a fundamental element for charge storage, and transfer in electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Its bio-templating capabilities have ushered in the creation of highly efficient electrode materials. Moreover, the role of DE in enhancing ion accessibility has made it an excellent choice for high-power applications. As we gaze toward the future, the prospects of DE as a bio-template material for supercapacitor and battery electrode material appear exceptionally promising. Customized material synthesis, scalability challenges, multidisciplinary collaborations, and sustainable initiatives are emerging as key areas of interest. The natural abundance and eco-friendly attributes of DE align with the growing emphasis on sustainability in energy solutions, and its contribution to electrode material synthesis for supercapacitors and batteries presents an exciting avenue to evolve energy storage technologies. Its intricate structures and bio-templating capabilities offer a compelling path for advancing sustainable, high-performance energy storage solutions, marking a significant step toward a greener and more efficient future.

Graphical Abstract
Non-allergic Hypersensitivity Reactions to Immunoglobulin Preparations in Antibody Deficiencies: What Role for Anti-IgA IgG and Complement Activation?
Authors: Collet Aurore , de Chambure Diane Pelletier , Moitrot Emmanuelle , Breyne Gaëlle , Mirgot Floriane , Rogeau Stéphanie , Tronchon Mathieu , Nicolas Amélie , Sanges Sébastien , Stabler Sarah , Ledoult Emmanuel , Terriou Louis , Launay David , Hachulla Eric , Labalette Myriam , Dubucquoi Sylvain , Lefèvre Guillaume
Published: October 2024

The presence of IgG anti-IgA in the serum of primary immunodeficiency (PID) patients has long been considered responsible for hypersensitivity (HS) to immunoglobulin preparations (IgPs), but this link is increasingly being questioned. The aim of this work was to describe the prevalence of IgG anti-IgA and its association with HS, and to explore a new pathophysiological hypothesis involving the complement system. We measured IgG anti-IgA, using a standardised commercial technique, in controls and PID patients, and compared our results to a systematic literature review. We measured complement activation in PID patients before and after IgP infusion, and in vitro after incubation of IgP with serum from controls and PID patients. IgG anti-IgA was detected in 6% (n = 2/32) of PID patients, 30% (n = 3/10) of selective IgA deficiency patients and 2% (n = 1/46) of healthy controls. In the literature and our study, 38 PID patients had IgG anti-IgA and HS to IgPs and 9 had IgG anti-IgA but good tolerance to IgPs. In our patients, we observed a constant complement activation after IgP infusion compared to baseline. In vitro, IgP induced significant complement activation with all sera from tested individuals. IgA immunisation is not rare in PID, higher in selective IgA deficiency, but may also occur in healthy controls. Our results question the clinical relevance and pathophysiological implication of IgG anti-IgA in the context of HS with IgPs. Complement activation-related pseudoallergy could explain the clinical characteristics and natural history of HS symptoms.
Don’t put all the eggs in one basket: examining adaptive selling behavior in salespeople’s performance
Authors: Chang Chia-Chi , Lin Chia-Hua
Published: October 2024

In a B2B selling context, salespeople are encouraged to perform adaptive selling strategies to attend to diversified customer needs and achieve sales performance (i.e., market share) and relational performance (i.e., trust, loyalty, and satisfaction) by performing adaptive selling behavior or showing the ability to recognize customers’ emotions. However, based on the resource allocation theory, the current research proposes that the two aforementioned factors seem to interfere with each other to affect the final performances. Results show that from Study 1, adaptive selling behavior, which is consequential of salespeople’s interpersonal mentalizing skills, is positively associated with relational performance, and the relationship is moderated by emotional intelligence. From Study 2, perceived service climate, a consequence of perceived transformational leadership is positively associated with sales performance. There was a significant interaction between adaptive selling behavior and service climate on sales performance, indicating that salespeople who do not perceive that firms emphasize services, they have sufficient resources to apply adaptive selling strategies. Conversely, if they were encouraged to focus on providing service, this might affect their adaptive selling on sales performance. Based on the results, we provide insights for B2B salespeople and managers to focus on one salient goal to achieve the best outcome.
Future focus: unlocking self-control and meaning in life to combat smartphone addiction
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Zhou Zhiwei , He Qinqhuan , Su Ting , Huang Chengli
Published: October 2024

Existing literature shows a link between future temporal focus (FTF) and smartphone addiction (SA). However, the precise psychological mechanisms underlying this relationship remain inadequately explored, despite the recognized importance of meaning in life (MIL) and self-control (SC) in influencing the FTF-SA correlation. This study seeks to elucidate the mediating roles of MIL and SC within the FTF-SA relationship. A total of 462 university students (Mage = 19.57, SDage = 1.09) participated in the study, completing scales for FTF, MIL, SC, and SA, which were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Our findings indicate that MIL and SC serve as mediators in the FTF-SA relationship. Specifically, FTF diminishes tendencies towards SA through the serial mediation effect of MIL and SC. These results suggest that incorporating future-oriented perspectives and focusing on the cultivation of MIL and SC are critical components in interventions targeting SA. Moreover, this study offers guidelines for future research aimed at developing addiction therapies and preventive strategies related to MIL and SC.
Evaluating Environmental Programs: Long-Term Monitoring of Crustacean Assemblages in a Polluted Estuary
Authors: Sánchez-Moyano J. Emilio , Rodríguez-Muñoz Daniel , García-Asencio Isabel
Published: October 2024

We assessed the environmental quality of the Odiel-Tinto estuary, one of the most polluted in the world, by analysing the spatial variation of subtidal soft-bottom crustacean assemblages from 2000 to 2016. Our primary goal was to evaluate whether corrective measures implemented since 1986 have resulted in significant ecological improvement. The assemblages were structured according to the natural gradient from the estuary to the marine environment. Throughout the study, the assemblages exhibited low species richness and abundance (e.g., over 3 species and 180 individuals/m2 in the inner areas; 19 species and 510 individuals/m2 in the mouth zone). However, 2016 saw an increase in both species number and total abundance (e.g., over 5 and 24 species in the inner and mouth areas, respectively). Despite these observations, the Odiel-Tinto system harboured fewer species (24 species) compared to nearby estuaries like the Guadiana and Guadalquivir (over 50 species). Although there were signs of changes in the estuary over the sampling periods (e.g., a slight increase in richness and diversity in 2016 compared to 2002 and 2004), these fluctuations are likely characteristic of a highly dynamic environment rather than indications of genuine ecological recovery. These findings highlight the need for a long-term monitoring program, which should also encompass intertidal mudflats due to their higher density and biomass, easy accessibility, and reduced exposure to the impacts of recurrent maintenance dredging of the navigation channel.
The Role of Household Social Support and Undermining in Dietary Change
Authors: Ehmann Marny M. , Hagerman Charlotte J. , Milliron Brandy-Joe , Butryn Meghan L.
Published: October 2024

Background

US adults find it challenging to meet disease prevention dietary recommendations and may participate in interventions to improve dietary quality. Social influences outside of the intervention, including level of social support and undermining of healthy eating in the home, may affect an individual’s dietary intake. This secondary analysis examined (1) changes in household social support and undermining of healthy eating across a dietary intervention with household member participation and (2) the relationship between changes in social influences and dietary intake.

Method

Adults (N = 62) with low adherence to cancer prevention dietary recommendations recruited from the Philadelphia area participated in a 20-week dietary intervention focused on psychoeducation about NCI dietary recommendations and skills for behavior change. Half of the participants were also randomized to have an adult household member participate in some intervention contacts with them. Participants completed measures of social support and undermining of healthy eating and dietary intake at baseline and post-treatment (20 weeks).

Results

Fifty-two participants had available data for baseline and post-treatment (i.e., completers). Household social support of healthy eating increased more among participants randomized to have household involvement in the intervention with a medium effect (η2 = .11). Fruit and vegetable intake significantly increased among participants with meaningful increases in household social support with a large effect (η2 = .37). There were no significant interaction effects of change in household undermining and time on change in dietary intake.

Conclusion

Dietary interventions with a household support component show promise for improving household social support and may impact magnitude of dietary change.
Working from home in European countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jerbashian Vahagn , Vilalta-Bufí Montserrat
Published: October 2024

We use data from the representative EU Labour Force Survey for 28 countries and document the levels of working from home in 2011–2022. This period is relevant as it includes the years of the COVID-19 pandemic. We show significant differences in working from home across countries, industries, and occupations. Working from home has increased in several sample countries and almost all industries and occupations in the 2011–2019 period and more significantly in the years affected by the pandemic. Although there is a general decline in working from home in 2022, the prevalence of working from home remains generally well above the pre-pandemic levels. We show that the rise in working from home is associated with lower employment losses during the pandemic years. We also compute a measure of working from home capacity for the sample countries using the observed working from home levels.
Development and results of a novel emergency medicine residency research immersion program
Authors: Ray Kaitlin , Burger Catherine , Clark Alexander T. , Pauw Emily K. , Self Wesley H. , Wrenn Jesse O. , Stubblefield William B. , Han Jin H. , Ward Michael J.
Published: October 2024

Creating a sustainable residency research program is necessary to develop a sustainable research pipeline, as highlighted by the recent Society for Academic Emergency Medicine 2024 Consensus Conference. We sought to describe the implementation of a novel, immersive research program for first-year emergency medicine residents. We describe the curriculum development, rationale, implementation process, and lessons learned from the implementation of a year-long research curriculum for first-year residents. We further evaluated resident perception of confidence in research methodology, interest in research, and the importance of their research experience through a 32-item survey. In two cohorts, 25 first-year residents completed the program. All residents met their scholarly project requirements by the end of their first year. Two conference abstracts and one peer-reviewed publication were accepted for publication, and one is currently under review. Survey responses indicated that there was an increase in residents’ perceived confidence in research methodology, but this was limited by the small sample size. In summary, this novel resident research curriculum demonstrated a standardized, reproducible, and sustainable approach to provide residents with an immersive research program.
Zagier–Hoffman’s Conjectures in Positive Characteristic
Authors: Im Bo-Hae , Kim Hojin , Le Khac Nhuan , Ngo Dac Tuan , Pham Lan Huong
Published: October 2024

Multiples zeta values and alternating multiple zeta values in positive characteristic were introduced by Thakur and Harada as analogues of classical multiple zeta values of Euler and Euler sums. In this paper, we determine all linear relations between alternating multiple zeta values and settle the main goals of these theories. As a consequence, we completely establish Zagier–Hoffman’s conjectures in positive characteristic formulated by Todd and Thakur which predict the dimension and an explicit basis of the span of multiple zeta values of Thakur of fixed weight.
Key principles of the KiDD (kids’ development diagnosis and determining the risk of autism for children from 1.5 to 6 years) methodology development and comparison of results with other methods
Authors: Iniutina Olena
Published: October 2024

The author outlines the basic principles of creating the KiDD methodology (Kids’ Development Diagnosis and Determining the Risk of Autism) for children aged 1.5 to 6 years old in the form of a mobile application. Users of the KiDD (parents or specialists) instantly receive information about the general development of the child in comparison with the age at which certain skills emerge. This includes information about the developmental age in months for each developmental area (speech and communication, socialization and behavior, cognitive skills, physical development and self-care), the developmental age for each specific skill of the child (up to 100 skills in each age category from 1.5 to 6 years) and the likelihood of autism. Additionally, users receive an automatically generated Individual Development Plan, consisting of skills that follow those that the child already has. The author provides statistical data comparing the results obtained through the KiDD with the results of widely accepted tests for assessing a child’s developmental level and the likelihood of autism. The article presents comparative data of the results of 199 participants using the KiDD along with their respective diagnoses and results obtained through testing provided by psychologists and remote assessment provided by parents.
Darcy's law survival from no-slip to perfect-slip flow in porous media
Authors: Lasseux Didier , Valdés-Parada Francisco J.
Published: October 2024

A macroscopic model for perfect-slip flow in porous media is derived in this work, starting from the pore-scale flow problem and making use of an upscaling technique based on the adjoint method and Green's formula. It is shown that the averaged momentum equation has a Darcy form in which the permeability tensor,

$\boldsymbol{\mathsf{K}}_{ps}$

, is obtained from an associated adjoint (closure) problem that is to be solved on a (periodic) unit cell representative of the structure. Similarly to the classical permeability tensor,

$\boldsymbol{\mathsf{K}}$

, in the no-slip regime,

$\boldsymbol{\mathsf{K}}_{ps}$

is intrinsic to the porous medium under consideration and is shown to be symmetric and positive. Integral relationships between

$\boldsymbol{\mathsf{K}}_{ps}$

, the partial-slip flow permeability tensor,

$\boldsymbol{\mathsf{K}}_{s}$

, and

$\boldsymbol{\mathsf{K}}$

are derived. Numerical simulations carried out on two-dimensional model porous structures, together with an approximate analytical solution and an empirical correlation for a particular configuration, confirm the validity of the macroscopic model and the relationship between

$\boldsymbol{\mathsf{K}}_{ps}$

and

$\boldsymbol{\mathsf{K}}$

.
Gain in efficiency of jet receptivity to acoustic disturbances with increasing nozzle-lip thickness
Authors: Bogey Christophe
Published: October 2024

The gain in efficiency of the receptivity of jets to acoustic disturbances as the nozzle lip is thicker is investigated using numerical simulations. For that, axisymmetric acoustic pulses are introduced in jets with Blasius laminar boundary-layer profiles at Mach numbers

$M=0.4$

, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.3 for nozzle-lip thicknesses between 1 % and 93 % of the nozzle radius. They are located on the jet axis or outside the jet with incidence angles

$\varphi$

between

$5^{\circ }$

and

$90^{\circ }$

with respect to the downstream direction. Instability waves develop in the jet shear layer after the acoustic disturbances hit the nozzle. In all cases except for

$\varphi \geq 75^{\circ }$

, their amplitudes and hence the efficiency of the jet receptivity to the disturbances increase with the nozzle-lip thickness. The gains in efficiency are greater for a pulse inside the jet, generating upstream-travelling pressure waves resembling guided jet waves, than for a pulse outside the jet, producing free-stream sound waves. In the second case, the gains are significant for

$\varphi =5^{\circ }$

and decrease with the incidence angle, especially for

$\varphi >30^{\circ }$

. Moreover, the gains are stronger for a higher Mach number, and roughly double between

$M=0.4$

and

$1.3$

, thus reaching, for a pulse inside the jet, values close to 6 between the thinnest and thickest lips. Finally, according to additional simulations for

$M=0.9$

, the gains in receptivity efficiency do not change appreciably when different azimuthal mode numbers of the acoustic disturbances, widths of the pulse and shapes of the boundary-layer profile are considered.
Charity Scott: Teacher, Mentor, Collaborator, Interdisciplinarian
Authors: Caley Sylvia B. , Bliss Lisa Radke
Published: October 2024

Charity Scott brought health law to Georgia State College of Law in the fall of 1987. Through her faculty appointment, along with her boundless energy and intellectual curiosity, she set herself on an odyssey. She began by teaching a single general health law class. This beginning led to the development of a full curriculum in the field, complete with experiential learning opportunities and a certificate in health law program. In addition to creating learning and career opportunities in health law for law students, her development of the Center for Health, Law and Society created academic opportunities for leading health law faculty.
Strategy, Morality, Courage: Bioethics and Health Law after Dobbs
Authors: King Nancy M.P. , Coughlin Christine Nero , Levine Beverly J.
Published: October 2024

Our paper examines what is required to protect and promote effective public discussion and policy development in the current climate of divisive disagreement about many public policy questions. We use abortion as a case example precisely because it is morally fraught. We first consider the changes made by Dobbs, as well as those which led up to the Dobbs decision, accompany it, and follow from it.
The Definition of Charity
Authors: Hughes Randall
Published: October 2024

Few people in my memory have a name that more appropriately defines the life they have lived. “Charitable purpose” as defined in O.C.G.A. § 43-17-2 includes any charitable or benevolent purpose including health, education, or social welfare. Anyone who knew Charity Scott knows that she lived a life devoted to providing and improving the health of her community, the education of law students about health law and its use to improve the health of her community, and social welfare by addressing the socio-economic determinants of health. If she had not been assigned that name at birth, those of us who knew her could have easily assigned Charity as a nickname.
Teaching Mindfulness in Class, Bringing Mindfulness to Life: A Tribute to Charity Scott’s Impact on Mental Health and Well-Being in Law School and Legal Practice
Authors: Russev Plamen I.
Published: October 2024

This is how Georgia State University College of Law Professor Charity Scott introduced the concept of mindfulness to numerous law students and lawyers. Aware that her skeptical, mind-driven audience needed a clear definition for a practice that seemed curious, at best, and esoteric, at worst, she immediately gave us the very lawyerly task of “pars[ing] each of these phrases to understand their importance and relevance to the legal profession”2 and applying them to our own experience of studying or practicing law. Using scientific evidence, she described the benefits of mindfulness and then invited us to try it and decide for ourselves. Charity was a superb teacher, who knew how to impart knowledge skillfully, and a brilliant lawyer, who could present and defend her case exceptionally well. In fact, “Charity Scott owned the subject matter so deeply that she was able to engage lawyers who otherwise would never have given the concept of mindfulness any credence in a million years. In a way that’s hard to describe, she didn’t brook any resistance on the topic and, as a result, was able to move the needle on well-being for lawyers at a time when, as far as I can tell, she was the only one doing the lifting,” reflects Lynn Garson, health care attorney and mental health advocate. But I believe Charity Scott’s true mastery and impact came from her embodiment of mindfulness itself. In her presence, mindfulness ceased to be a mere concept, but instead became her way of being that illuminated her words and actions, nourished her relationships, and changed lives.
Critical Public Health Legal Theory: Proposing a New Approach to Public Health Law as a Tribute to Professor Charity Scott
Authors: O’Connor Jean C.
Published: October 2024

It was a great privilege to know Professor Charity Scott. I first met her when I was finishing Emory University’s joint law and public health program in the early 2000s, through the Office of General Counsel at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), in the early days of CDC’s Public Health Law Program, now the Office of Public Health Law Services. In those days, introductions were generous and frequent for excited students beginning their careers, but meeting Professor Scott made an impression on me. She was the first and only female health law professor in the field that I had the opportunity to know in the early years of my career.
Spectro-polarimetric study to constrain accretion-ejection properties of MCG-5-23-16 using IXPE and NuSTAR observations
Authors: Mondal Santanu , Chatterjee Rwitika , Agrawal Vivek K. , Nandi Anuj
Published: October 2024

We conducted a study on the X-ray polarisation properties of MCG-5-23-16 by analysing long-term monitoring data from NuSTAR jointly with IXPE observations made in May and November 2022. The re-analysis of IXPE data gives model-dependent polarisation degree, PD (%) =

$1.08\pm0.66$

in the energy band 2–8 keV, which agrees with previous studies within error bars. The model-independent analysis of PD poses an upper limit of

$\leq3.8$

(

$1\sigma$

level) for the same energy band. The observed upper limit of PD, along with broadband spectral analysis (2–79 keV) using an accretion-ejection based model, allowed us to derive the corona geometry (i.e. radius and height) and the accretion disc inclination (

$\sim33^\circ$

). Additional NuSTAR observations were also analysed to gain insights into the accretion flow properties of the source and to estimate the expected polarisation during those epochs with PD

$\sim 4.3\%$

. The radius and height of the corona varies between

$28.2\pm3.1 - 39.8\pm4.6$

r

$_s$

and

$14.3\pm1.7-21.4\pm1.9$

r

$_s$

respectively, with a mass outflow rate from the corona measuring

$0.14\pm0.03-0.2\pm0.03$

Eddington rate (

$\dot m_{\mathrm{Edd}}$

). The estimated PD values were nearly constant up to a certain radial distance and height of the corona and then decreased for increasing corona geometry. The spectral analysis further provided an estimate for the mass of the central black hole

$\sim2\times 10^7$

M

$_\odot$

and the velocity of the outflowing gas

$\sim0.16-0.19c$

. A comparative broadband spectral study using reflection-based models estimates the disc inclination between

$\sim 31^\circ\pm8^\circ-45^\circ\pm7^\circ$

, and yields an expected PD of 3.4–6.0%. We also found a weak reflection fraction and a less ionised distant reflecting medium. The expected PD measured using accretion-ejection and reflection models is less compared to the expected PD measured for a given disc inclination of

$45^\circ$

. Our modelling of the disc-corona-outflows and polarisation connection can be extended and validated with data from the recently launched XPoSat, India’s first X-ray Polarimeter Satellite, offering potential applications to other sources.
Juvenile source nature of the North Tianshan turbidites and its tectonic implication
Authors: Wang Meng , Cao Ming , Xu Da , Chen Youxin , Zhang Jinjiang , Zhang Bo , Pei Xianzhi , Li Zuochen , Zhou Hai , Bao Zhian
Published: October 2024

Sediments within accretionary complexes, preserving key information on crust growth history of Central Asian Orogenic Belt, did not get enough attention previously. Here, we conduct comprehensive geochemical study on the turbidites from the North Tianshan Accretionary Complex (NTAC) in the Chinese West Tianshan orogen, which is a good example of sediments derived from juvenile materials. The turbidites, composed of sandstone, siltstone, and argillaceous siliceous rocks, are mainly Carboniferous. All the investigated samples have relatively low Chemical Index of Alteration values (35–63) and Plagioclase Index of Alteration values (34–68), indicating relatively weak weathering before erosion and deposition. The sandstone and siltstone, and slate samples display high Index of Compositional Variability values of 0.89–1.50 and 0.89–0.93, suggesting a relatively immature source. The sandstones and siltstones were mainly derived from intermediate igneous rocks, and the slates from felsic igneous rocks, formed in oceanic/continental arc settings. The investigated samples roughly display high positive εNd(t) values (mainly at +5.5 to +7.9, except one spot at +0.8), with corresponding Nd model ages at 672 Ma–522 Ma (except one at ∼1.1 Ga). Combined with the previous studies, we suggest that the turbidites in the NTAC were mainly derived from intermediate to felsic igneous rocks with juvenile arc signature, and thus the northern Chinese West Tianshan is a typical site with significant Phanerozoic crust growth.
Microvertebrates from the Rhaetian bone beds at Blue Anchor Bay, Somerset
Authors: Renaud Maxime , Duffin Christopher J. , Hildebrandt Claudia , Benton Michael J.
Published: October 2024

The cliff and foreshore sections at Blue Anchor Bay, north Somerset, provide a detailed picture of the transitional Triassic–Jurassic succession. The site has been recorded as a location for fossil fishes for over 200 years, and yet the assemblages from the bone beds have not been described. Here, we present new observations on the two bone beds and find major faunal differences: the classic basal bone bed at Blue Anchor Bay contains an assemblage dominated by osteichthyan teeth, unexpected because elsewhere the ichthyofauna is usually dominated by chondrichthyans. The upper bone bed at Blue Anchor Bay is indeed more typical, being dominated by teeth of hybodont chondrichthyans. We report two unusual finds, first five teeth of the rare shark Parasycylloides turnerae, only the fifth such record in the UK. Further, we report here for the first time a tooth of the pycnodontiform Eomesodon, the first report of this taxon from the Triassic of the UK or Europe. The two bone beds are distinguished not only by different assemblages, but also by evidence of different degrees of anoxia and water depth: the upper bone bed contains abundant pyrite and marcasite, indicating highly anoxic conditions, and perhaps deposition in deeper water than the basal bone bed.
Invisible Victims and the Case for OTC SSRIs
Authors: Appel Jacob M.
Published: October 2024

Major depressive disorder is one of the most common serious illnesses worldwide; the disease is also among those with the lowest rates of treatment. Barriers to access to care, both practical and psychological, contribute significantly to these low treatment rates. Among such barriers are regulations in many nations that require a physician’s prescription for most pharmacological treatments including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These rules are designed to protect patients. However, such regulations involve a tradeoff between the welfare of “visible” victims, who might suffer negative consequences from a lack of regulation, and the well-being of invisible “victims,” who likely experience negative consequences that result from increased barriers to care. This article explores these tradeoffs and argues in favor of shifting SSRIs from prescription-only to over-the-counter status.
Determinants of sodium intake knowledge and attitude: a cross-national analysis of socio-economic and health factors
Authors: Rauniyar Santosh Kumar , Tanoue Yuta , Ghaznavi Cyrus , Hayabuchi Hitomi , Nishimura Toshihide , Takemi Yukari , Nomura Shuhei
Published: October 2024

Objective:

The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis across nations to: (1) identify the determinants influencing knowledge and attitudes related to sodium (Na) intake and (2) to analyse the association between knowledge and attitudes related to Na intake.

Design:

We utilised a secondary data from a cross-sectional study that was conducted across seven nations. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was utilised to assess the impact of socio-economic and health-related predictors on knowledge and attitudes pertaining to Na intake and further to investigate the relationship between knowledge and attitude.

Setting:

Indonesia, Brazil, Thailand, Japan, France, the UK and the USA.

Participants:

7090 participants aged 15 years and above were included in the study.

Results:

SEM analysis showed a strong association between knowledge about Na intake and related attitude across all countries, particularly in the UK (2·65, 95 % CI 1·48–3·82), France (2·62, 1·45–3·79) and the USA (1·97, 1·21–2·73). In Brazil, Japan and France, individuals or family members having certain health conditions such as raised blood pressure, heart diseases, strokes or other diseases exhibited a positive attitude towards reducing Na intake. Conversely, socio-economic factors like education and income demonstrated the complexity of influences on knowledge and attitudes about Na intake.

Conclusion:

The study underscores the need for tailored public health interventions to reduce excessive Na consumption, considering the diverse cultural, social and economic factors. It highlights the complex determinants of knowledge and attitudes towards Na intake, calling for further research in varied populations.
Enablers and barriers to dietary change for Māori with nutrition-related conditions in Aotearoa New Zealand: a scoping review
Authors: McKerchar Christina , Barthow Christine , Huria Tania , Jones Bernadette , Coppell Kirsten J. , Hall Rosemary , Amataiti Tutangi , Parry-Strong Amber , Muimuiheata Soana , Wright-McNaughton Morag , Krebs Jeremy
Published: October 2024

Objective:

Māori, the Indigenous population of Aotearoa New Zealand, face a substantial burden of nutrition-related diseases, especially obesity and type 2 diabetes. Weight loss, through dietary change, is a central component of obesity and diabetes prevention and management; however, most approaches have not been designed with or evaluated specifically for Māori. The aim of this study was to review literature on the enablers and barriers to dietary change, for Māori.

Design:

Relevant literature published from January 2000 to May 2024 was identified by searches in Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Scopus, Indigenous health (informit), CINAHL (EBSCO), Web of Science and NZResearch. Studies included Māori and reflected enablers and barriers to dietary change for individuals/whānau (families). Data identifying the aims, methods, interventions, location, population studied and identified enablers and barriers to dietary change and responsiveness to Māori were extracted. Enablers and barriers to dietary change were mapped to a New Zealand Indigenous health framework, the Meihana model.

Setting:

Settings included studies based in Aotearoa New Zealand, where participants were free living and able to determine their dietary intake.

Participants:

Studies included at least 30 % Māori participants.

Results:

Twenty-two of the seventy-seven identified records met the inclusion criteria. Records included a diverse range of research approaches.

Conclusions:

Using a relevant Indigenous model, this study highlights that multiple and diverse enablers and barriers to dietary change exist for Māori and the critical importance of developing interventions, in close partnership with Indigenous communities, grounded in Indigenous understandings of health.
Fighting collective threats: socialist revolutions and the management of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: De la Calle Luis
Published: October 2024

I investigate why some countries were more successful in containing the death toll than others during the COVID-19 pandemic. I focus on the role of socialism and on the existence of long-term regime-driven legacies that may have had an impact on the containment of COVID-related deaths. I claim that countries that went through successful socialist revolutions have specific features that equip them with better resources to cope with public challenges such as pandemics. Furthermore, these features remain even after the demise of the socialist regime. I find a positive effect of socialist revolutions over COVID-19 containment at the country level. I investigate three possible causal mechanisms for this relationship: authoritarianism, state capacity, and mass mobilization. Through mediation analysis, I find the socialist legacy seems to be channeled through higher levels of mobilization and also more authoritarian institutions.
Impact Pattern of Energetic Particle Precipitation on Polar Mesospheric Ozone
Authors: Wang Yuting , Li Hui , Wang Chi
Published: October 2024

The upper atmosphere of polar regions exhibits two distinct patterns of energetic particle precipitation that can lead to ozone destruction by ionizing the atmosphere: one is the energetic proton precipitation in the polar cap region during solar proton events (SPEs), and the other is the energetic electron precipitations (EEPs) in the auroral oval region from the radiation belt. In this study, we conduct case studies and statistical analyses of ozone observations from the Aura satellite to present the quantitative difference in the impact patterns of SPEs and EEPs on polar mesospheric ozone. According to our statistical analysis of 13 SPEs and 19 EEPs during the MLS time frame, the magnitude of ozone depletion during SPEs is greater than during EEPs. The ozone depletion during SPEs is more pronounced at higher geomagnetic latitudes and negatively correlates with the proton flux, while during EEPs the ozone depletion is more in favor of the geomagnetic latitude band of 60–70° but independent of the electron count rates. In addition, hydroxyl enhancement also exhibits different patterns during SPEs and EEPs, similar to that of ozone depletion. This study further validates the physical link between the magnetosphere and atmosphere and promotes our understanding of the solar influence on Earth's climate.
Exploring Topography Downscaling Methods for Hyper‐Resolution Land Surface Modeling
Authors: Chen Sisi , Li Lu , Wei Zhongwang , Wei Nan , Zhang Yonggen , Zhang Shupeng , Yuan Hua , Shangguan Wei , Zhang Shulei , Li Qingliang , Dai Yongjiu
Published: October 2024

Hyper‐resolution land surface modeling provides an unprecedented opportunity to simulate locally relevant water and energy cycles. However, the available meteorological forcing data is often insufficient to fulfill the requirements of hyper‐resolution modeling. Here, we developed a comprehensive downscaling framework based on topography‐adjusted methods and automated machine learning (AutoML). With this framework, a 90 m and hourly atmospheric forcing data set was developed from ERA5 data at a 0.25° resolution, and the Common Land Model (CoLM) was then forced with the developed forcing data over two complex terrain regions (the Heihe River Basin and Upper Colorado River Basin). We systematically evaluated the downscaled forcing and the CoLM outputs against both in situ observations and gridded data. The ground‐based validation results suggested consistent improvements for all downscaled forcing variables with mean RMSE improved by 6.362%–95.86%. The downscaled forcings, which incorporated detailed topographic features, offered improved magnitude estimates, achieving a comparable level of performance to that of regional reanalysis forcing data. The downscaled forcing driving the CoLM model showed comparable or better skills in simulating water and energy fluxes, as verified by in situ validations. The hyper‐resolution simulations provided a detailed and more reasonable description of land surface processes and attained similar spatial patterns and magnitudes with high‐resolution land surface data, especially over highly elevated areas. Additionally, this study highlighted the benefits of using mountain radiation theory‐based shortwave radiation downscaling models and AutoML‐assisted precipitation downscaling models. These findings emphasized the significance of integrating topography‐based downscaling methods for hillslope‐scale simulations.
How Porosity Influences the Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation Ability of Secondary Organic Aerosol Particles
Authors: Wagner Robert , Hu Yaqiong , Bogert Pia , Höhler Kristina , Kiselev Alexei , Möhler Ottmar , Saathoff Harald , Umo Nsikanabasi , Zanatta Marco
Published: October 2024

During processing in deep convective cloud systems, highly viscous or glassy secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles can develop a porous structure through a process known as atmospheric freeze‐drying. This structural modification may enhance their heterogeneous ice nucleation ability under cirrus conditions through the pore condensation and freezing mechanism. Pristine, compact SOA particles, on the other hand, are recommended to be treated as ice‐inactive in models. This recommendation also applies to internally mixed particles, where a coating layer of secondary organic matter (SOM) deactivates the intrinsic ice nucleation ability of the core, which may be a mineral dust grain. Ice cloud‐processing may also improve the ice nucleation ability of such a composite particle by inducing structural changes in the coating layer, which can release active sites on the mineral surface. In this work, we investigated the change in the ice nucleation ability of pure SOA particles from the ozonolysis of α‐pinene and two types of internally mixed particles (zeolite and coal fly ash particles coated with SOM) after being subjected to the atmospheric freeze‐drying process simulated in an expansion cloud chamber. For pure α‐pinene SOA, we found only a slight improvement in the ice nucleation ability of the ice cloud‐processed, porous particles compared to their pristine, compact counterparts at 221 and 217 K. In contrast, the zeolite and coal fly ash particles, which were initially deactivated by the organic coating, became significantly more ice‐active after atmospheric freeze‐drying, emphasizing that such composite particles cannot be excluded from model simulations of heterogeneous ice formation.
MAT1A activation of glycolysis to promote NSCLC progression depends on stabilizing CCND1
Authors: Shen Shengping , Liu Ruili , Huang Jiazheng , Sun Yingjia , Tan Qiang , Luo Qingquan , Liu Ruijun
Published: October 2024

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a cause for concern as the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Amidst ongoing debates on the role and mechanisms of methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A) in cancer, our study sheds light on its significance in NSCLC. Leveraging TCGA database and immunohistochemical staining, we systematically analyzed MAT1A expression in NSCLC, uncovering its marked upregulation. To unravel the functional and mechanistic underpinnings, we implemented stable knockdown of MAT1A in NSCLC cell lines. Our findings converged to demonstrate that suppression of MAT1A expression effectively impeded the proliferation and migratory capabilities of NSCLC cells, while concurrently enhancing apoptosis. Mechanistically, we discovered that MAT1A depletion accelerated the degradation of CCND1, a key cell cycle regulator, through S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2)-mediated ubiquitination. Notably, CCND1 emerged as a crucial MAT1A partner, jointly orchestrating glycolytic metabolism in NSCLC cells. This intricate interplay suggests that MAT1A promotes NSCLC progression by safeguarding CCND1 protein stability and activating glycolytic pathways, thereby sustaining tumorigenesis. In summary, our study not only identifies MAT1A as a prognostic marker for poor survival in NSCLC patients but also elucidates its mechanistic contributions to cancer progression. These findings pave the way for the development of targeted therapies aimed at disrupting the deleterious MAT1A-CCND1-glycolysis axis in NSCLC.
Cauterization of the root of the left coronary artery as a straightforward, large and reproducible ischemic injury model in neonatal mice
Authors: Hu Tianyuan , Fleischmann Bernd K. , Malek Mohammadi Mona
Published: October 2024

The adult mammalian heart is known to have very limited regenerative capacity, explaining at least in part the frequency of cardiovascular diseases and their impact as the leading cause of death worldwide. By contrast, the neonatal heart has the ability to regenerate upon injury, and the molecular mechanisms underlying this regenerative capacity are intensely investigated to provide novel cues for the repair of the adult heart. However, the existing rodent neonatal injury models—apex resection, left anterior descending artery ligation and cryoinjury—have limitations, such as being technically demanding, yielding a nonphysiological injury type and/or lack of reproducibility. Here we have therefore established a novel ischemic heart injury method in neonatal mice via cauterization of the root of the left coronary artery. This surgical procedure is technically straightforward, requires less than 10 min for completion and yields reproducible, large ischemic lesions (40% of the left ventricle) with low mortality rates (10% of animals). The injury also induces secondary pulmonary hypertension shortly after surgery, allowing to study the response of the right ventricle. Moreover, neonatal mice at postnatal days 1 and 3 display strongly opposing outcomes after the surgery, because of the lack of cardiac regeneration at the later stage. Thus, this new neonatal heart injury model is of great use for mechanistic studies exploring the regeneration of the left ventricle and the adaptation of the right ventricle upon myocardial infarction.
Retraction: Glycolipid nanotube templates for the production of hydrophilic/hydrophobic and left/right-handed helical polydiacetylene nanotubes
Authors: Kameta Naohiro , Ding Wuxiao , Masuda Mitsutoshi
Published: October 2024

Retraction of ‘Glycolipid nanotube templates for the production of hydrophilic/hydrophobic and left/right-handed helical polydiacetylene nanotubes’ by Naohiro Kameta et al., Chem. Commun., 2021, 57, 464–467, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CC07387C.
Mechanistic insights into nitric oxide generation from nitrite via O-atom transfer in the unsymmetrical β-diketiminato copper(ii) nitrite complex
Authors: Hsiang Yi-Rong , Meitei Naorem Jemes , Henry Gifta Evangeline , Hsu Sodio C. N. , Lin Ya-Fan
Published: October 2024

The oxygen atom transfer (OAT) process of LCuIIONO is induced by cooperation of two PPh3 ligands. The flexible pyridyl arm and the bulky PPh3 ligand would tune the spin state and prevent the released NO from re-coordination.
Self-assembled nanostructured membranes with tunable pore size and shape from plant-derived materials
Authors: Dong Ruiqi , Kim Na Kyung , Yi Zhuan , Osuji Chinedum O.
Published: October 2024

This study reports on the fabrication of nanostructured membranes, based on plant-derived materials, with sub-nanometer tunability of pore size accomplished by unique stoichiometrically-biased variations.
Rational nanoparticle design for efficient biomolecule delivery in plant genetic engineering
Authors: Zhao Yue , Thenarianto Calvin , Sevencan Cansu , Rajappa Sivamathini , Shen Di , Puangpathumanond Suppanat , Yao Xiaomin , Lew Tedrick Thomas Salim
Published: October 2024

Nanoparticle-mediated approaches to plant genetic engineering represent key advances in agriculture, offering benefits beyond conventional techniques. This review discusses essential nanoparticle design considerations to optimize delivery efficiency.
Acrylate–methacrylate radical copolymerization kinetics of sparingly water-soluble monomers in polar and nonpolar solvents
Authors: Rajabalinia Noushin , Salarhosseini Fatemeh , Hutchinson Robin A.
Published: October 2024

The influence of solvent on radical copolymerization kinetics is studied to provide insight to emulsion polymerization systems.