bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Analysis on Electoral Poll using micro- blogging (twitter)
Authors:   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan, Anwer Tabraiz , Ahmed Adeel ,   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
Published: August 2023

The advent of blogging more and more content is published on the web. Micro blogging is used to convey ideas using short text messages; video links or images .micro blogging platforms allow the public to convey their ideas through new technologies and to convey ideas and news in precise manner. This paper aims to use to text mining algorithm, which is used for gathering relevant information from passages of text, to derive a context through which predictive analysis can be made. The goal will be to use this technique to provide a predictive analysis on the electoral polls using tweets from the micro-blogging platform twitter.
Enhance the content search by using Semantic Web
Authors:   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan, Jamali Aeman , Riaz Asim ,   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan
Published: August 2023

The content search of web content for large data and information presents enormous resourcing and quality challenges. Users expect to find information quickly, with minimal navigation and with consistency of information and nomenclature. For example content and solutions information, users expect clear, relevant lists of information and services that comprise those solutions, including research papers, publications, videos, images, interviews, conferences and case studies that provide referential examples. The foundation component of the Semantic Web is ontologies which are used to embody knowledge in the Semantic Web. Ontology is an information form is used to demonstrate a set of concepts and the relationships connecting those concepts within a domain. Taking unstructured data from the web and formalizing it so that it can be structured automatically is a difficult work to do, but apart from its significance it is interesting as well. Through this research it is intended to make the automation of ontology public, as it is based on open standard and constructed using publicly available resources of Google, like Google AJAX API and JavaScript parser JSON.
Large Scale Hierarchical Classification
Authors:   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan, Khalique Adarsh , Hasnani Rahim ,   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan
Published: August 2023

This study elucidates various algorithms used for document or text classification challenge. A sample data is used in this study on which various algorithms like Support Vector Machines (SVM), Naïve Bayes, Neural Networks and K-Nearest Neighbor are used in order to analyze their performances and accuracies. This study tries to identify the limitations and strength of these algorithms on the given sample data that how optimally they can perform classification. Different validations are used in this study to examine the accuracies regarding the classification can be identified. Validations include Split-Validation, X-Validation and Bootstrapping. Different ways and methods are discussed through which classification is made possible in large hierarchy. Finally this study concludes on the basis of results obtained that which machine learning technique or classifier performed excellent on the provided sample data set and achieved higher accuracy as compared to others.
Reflector – A Dynamic Manifestation of Turing Machines with Time and Space Complexity Analysis
Authors:   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan, Mirza Behroz , Rafi Muhammad ,   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan
Published: August 2023

The Turing Machine model has proven to be capable of simulating every known computational model. Since its inception the model has served as the basis on which computational devices have been constructed. The paper focuses on highlighting the fact that Turing Machine serves as a precise model for defining and executing a specific algorithm based on the Computability Theory. The paper also highlights the fact that when executed on a Turing Machine an algorithm’s time and space complexity can be analyzed based on the Complexity Theory. Therefore, this model can serve as a superb abstraction for the computational devices as number of steps and space required to execute an algorithm can be predicted. It is worth mentioning that the simulator engine named Reflector designed in this study is the foremost simulator in the regards to have the distinct capabilities of; firstly dynamically modelling a Turing Machine based on its manifestations and secondly performing Time & Space Complexity Analysis of an algorithm executed on the Turing Machine.
Security Visualization on Big Data
Authors:   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan, Ahmed Waqar , Hashmi Uzair ,   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan
Published: August 2023

IN 2012 2.5 QB OF DATA (18 ZEROS AFTER 1) WAS GENERATED WORLDWIDE KNOW SO FAR. EVERY DAY DATA CREATION SIZE IS BECOMING BIG-TO-BIGGER THAN WAS SEEN BY EVERYONE SINCE THE BEGINNING OF HUMANKIND. BRIEF DATA GENERATION HISTORY IN CATEGORICAL FASHION IS AS FOLLOWS: 5 Petabytes: Data flowing through Walmart’s transactional databases. Consumers spend $272,000 on Web shopping /day. Apple receives around 47,000 app downloads /minute. On Facebook, Brands receive more than 34,000 “likes” /minute. 8 billion Email messages per day On Twitter 340 million tweets per day On Facebook 684,000 bits of content per day 3,125 new photos uploaded on Flicker per minute. As data size increased so are security threats, which comprise unauthorized modification/ alteration of big data. Conducting security visualization manually on such a large-scale data is beyond compression. Therefore, we need some automated easy to use, time saving technique that can give comprehensive results, which can help to track the integrity of big data.
To Identify the Criminal tendency of a Person by analysis of their social media profiles (Facebook)
Authors:   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan, Khan Sajjad , Jan Zohaib ,   Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan
Published: August 2023

The social networks become the important part of the life. During the last decade, use of social networks has increased to a great extent. People publish their content on the web they use to convey their idea by posting statuses, links, videos, images, comments(Facebook). The use of social networks rapidly increased during the last decade and there is huge amount of data publish on these networks People share their personal information and insights of their lives. In this paper we thoroughly studied five big personality models and come to the point that neuroticism reflects the criminal mind of person, we are using the text mining algorithm, which will be used to extract necessary information from the text massages (statuses, comments etc.) containing neuroticism words e.g. anger, anxiety stress, depression etc. and by using these words prediction can be made. The main aim of this paper is to find the crime tendency in person from the information they share on social networking site (FACEBOOK).
BUILDING 3D PRINTERS AND THEIR ADVANTAGES IN LOW-RISE CONSTRUCTION
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Svintsov Evgeniy V. , Petreneva Olga V. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: August 2023

The search for new opportunities in construction to achieve effective results, reduce labor intensity and shorten the time of construction of buildings is very relevant today. This article discusses the term of a construction printer, its operating principle. Examples of completed objects are given. Types of construction printers depending on the drive layout are defined. The materials used for extrusion and the basic composition of the concrete mixture for printing are described. The authors offer a comparison of three most common models of building 3D printers (Russian and foreign) for low-rise construction. Then they describe the model range of printers produced by Russia's leading plant "SPETSAVIA" and their types. The paper highlights the vectors of development in the field of construction printing. It has been justified the necessity of using a building printer in low-rise construction, named the advantages and disadvantages of this method of erecting buildings.
CALCULATION OF A BRICK PARTITION BY THE METHOD OF THE HOMOGENIZED MATERIALS
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Stradova Ekaterina A. , Erenchinov Sergey A. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen
Published: August 2023

Nowadays, the calculation of masonry structures is based on studies and experiments of the past without taking into account the mechanical characteristics, which leads to overestimation or underestimation of the bearing capacity. Such an error affects the formation and development of cracks in structures. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop a methodology for calculating brickwork, taking into account the mechanical characteristics of its components. The purpose of this work is the numerically simulation and calculation of masonry structures by the method of homogenized characteristics of material on the example of a brick partition. As the object of research, the authors selected brick partition of the building on Zhukovsky Street, 28 in Tyumen. The subject of the study is the stress-strain state of the brickwork. The study was performed based on analytical calculation and numerical simulation in PC ANSYS and PC Lira. As a result, a method of calculating brickwork using the method of homogenized material characteristics has been developed. The scope of application of the results is industrial and civil construction of buildings from masonry structures.
THE USE OF THE DYNAMICS+ MODULE IN LIRA-CAD 2022 IN THE CALCULATION OF LARGE-SPAN BUILDINGS OR STRUCTURES FOR SEISMIC IMPACTS
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Ovchinnikov Igor G. , Bystrov Nikita S. ,   Ural State University of Railway Transport
Published: August 2023

The article discusses the main goals of dynamic calculation of buildings and structures. The authors present a method for calculating a large-span steel spatial structure for seismic impacts using the Dynamics+ module in LIRA-CAD 2022 software package. The paper analyses the sequence of loading formation in the calculation scheme. It considers the cases when the calculation of buildings and structures for seismic impact must be carried out using accelerograms, seismograms or velocigrams. As a result, the authors obtained a calculation model that allows analyzing the dynamic behavior of a large-span spatial structure in different periods. Subsequently, it will be relevant for studying the resistance of this structure to progressive collapse under seismic impact.
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PLANNING PROJECT OF THE LINEAR OBJECT OF THE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF THE ZAMARAISKY GROUNDWATER DEPOSIT IN ORDER TO ENSURE SAFE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY
Authors:   Ural State University of Architecture and Art, Schneidmiller Natalya F. , Bazaeva Elena D. ,   Ural State University of Architecture and Art
Published: August 2023

Issues of quality water supply are always relevant, because water is the source of life on Earth. The article deals with the design of linear water supply systems and identifies the main problems of their functioning. The authors present the results of studies of the projected reserve water pipeline from the Zamarayskoye groundwater deposit to the pumping stations in the Serovsky urban district. It is found that the preparation of urban planning documentation is currently an important condition for the safe development of the territory. The purpose of such documentation is to form the boundaries of land for the placement of new engineering networks, in particular the water supply system. Safe water use is one of the main aspects of social state policy.
BALANCE OF TRANSPORT SERVICES FOR THE POPULATION OF CITIES: BASIC APPROACHES
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Ignatyugin Vladislav A. , Petrov Artur I. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen
Published: August 2023

The article selects, studies and structures possible approaches to the assessment of the balance of transport services for the population of cities. The authors have been analyzed the experience in solving the problem of balance the system of transport services for the population of cities and some regulatory documents in the organization of passenger transportation, including those governing the optimization of the structure of public passenger transport. The paper presents ideas about the current level of balance of the Tyumen public passenger transport system. It has been formulated the conclusions about the relevance and prospects of this kind of research in relation to the transport service systems in large cities of the Russian Federation.
ADAPTATION OF THE RISK ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR THE OPERATION OF COLLECTING CUTTING TOOLS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE DETECTION OF OPPORTUNITIES
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Vasilega Natalia A.
Published: August 2023

A variety of risks arises during the operation of a collecting cutting tool, which can lead to a decrease in its output. To increase the serviceability of the tool in the process of cutting it is necessary to identify, evaluate and, if possible, to minimize the negative impact of the consequences of one risks or another. For this purpose, an analysis of risk assessment methods in the context of industrial enterprises was conducted. As a result the most effective and popular in various industries solutions were identified. During consideration of one of such methods – failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) – an overview of its current changes is presented. In addition, the author proposes her own method based on the FMEA method for risk assessment during the operation of collecting cutting tool, which includes, among other things, the detection of opportunities and their numerical interpretation.
As regiões geoeconômicas do Cerrado
Authors: Anjos Antonio Fernandes dos
Published: August 2023

O Cerrado é um mosaico de ambientes ecológicos cuja apropriação territorial também se deu de forma fragmentada. Com o intuito delimitar essas diferenciações e desigualdades socioespaciais propomos uma divisão do Cerrado em 11 regiões, com base em aspectos ambientais, econômicos e históricos, em especial a territorialização da produção agropecuária de commodities. Cada região foi descrita conforme as determinações definidoras do seu lugar na divisão territorial do trabalho.

The geoeconomic regions of the Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna)

 

Abstract: The Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) is a mosaic of ecological environments whose territorial appropriation also took place in a fragmented way. In order to delimit these socio-spatial differences and inequalities, we propose a division of the Cerrado into 11 regions, based on environmental, economic and historical aspects, in particular the territorialization of agricultural production of commodities. Each region was described according to the determinations of its place in the territorial division of labor.Keywords: Cerrado. Brazilian Savanna. Regionalization. Territorial division of labor.

Las regiones geoeconómicas del Cerrado

Resumen: El Cerrado es un mosaico de ambientes ecológicos cuya apropiación territorial también se dio de manera fragmentada. Para delimitar estas diferencias y desigualdades socioespaciales, proponemos una división del Cerrado en 11 regiones, con base en aspectos ambientales, económicos e históricos, en particular la territorialización de la producción agrícola de mercancías. Cada región fue descrita de acuerdo con las definiciones de su lugar en la división territorial del trabajo.

Palabras clave: Cerrado. Regionalización. División territorial del trabajo.
Occult neurohypophyseal germinoma discovered during the course of long-term diabetes insipidus: illustrative case
Authors: Yamada Hironori , Yagi Ryokichi , Kambara Akihiro , Katayama Yoshihide , Tsuji Yuichiro , Hiramatsu Ryo , Ikeda Naokado , Kameda Masahiro , Nonoguchi Naosuke , Furuse Motomasa , Kawabata Shinji , Takami Toshihiro , Wanibuchi Masahiko
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The authors report a case of occult neurohypophyseal germinoma detected in a patient with long-term diabetes insipidus. Central diabetes insipidus is the initial symptom in 95% of cases of neurohypophyseal germinoma. In occult neurohypophyseal germinomas, no abnormalities are seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the onset of symptoms. It can take several months or even years for these changes to be detected on MRI.

OBSERVATIONS

A 20-year-old male was diagnosed with central diabetes insipidus at the age of 17 years, and gonadal and adrenal corticosteroid insufficiency was noted at the age of 19 years. Head MRI showed an enlarged and enhanced pituitary stalk. He was referred to our department for a suspected neoplastic lesion. Endoscopic transsphenoidal biopsy indicated a pure germinoma. He was treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and then was discharged.

LESSONS

In this case, new imaging findings appeared 19 months after the onset of diabetes insipidus, and the pathological diagnosis was made after almost 24 months. Because the patient had a history of growth hormone deficiency and had a positive test result for diabetes insipidus, occult neurohypophyseal germinoma was suspected, and periodic contrast-enhanced MRI monitoring was deemed essential.
Use of a flow diverter in a small-caliber end artery anterior choroidal dissecting pseudoaneurysm: illustrative case
Authors: Ernst Griffin , Mahmoud Noor A. , Grossen Audrey , Bauer Andrew
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Anterior choroidal artery (AChA) fusiform aneurysms are exceedingly rare and associated with high rebleeding and mortality rates. Their difficult anatomy comes with a broad range of treatment options, including bypass, stent-assisted coiling, and flow diversion. Currently, flow diverters are approved for large-caliber internal carotid artery segment aneurysms. However, many institutions have expanded their use to distal small-caliber vessels, which raises questions regarding device sizing and long-term patency. The authors present a dissecting distal AChA fusiform pseudoaneurysm treated successfully with flow diversion.

OBSERVATIONS

A 40-year-old woman with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance, lichen sclerosis, and an unspecified connective tissue disease presented with diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage. She had a dissecting, 5 × 3–mm, left AChA pseudoaneurysm 4 mm distal to the origin of the vessel. A 2.5-mm flow redirection endoluminal device was deployed. There were no procedural complications. A 6-month cerebral angiogram showed device patency and no pseudoaneurysm remnant. These results were maintained at 1 year as seen on head magnetic resonance angiography.

LESSONS

Flow diversion is a successful and safe therapeutic intervention for challenging intracranial aneurysms originating from small-caliber vessels supplying eloquent vascular territories.
Deceleration of the disk by the accreting magnetized star in the corotation approximation
Authors:   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo,   The Institute of Applied Astronomy of the RAS, Ikhsanov N.R. , Beskrovnaya N.G. ,   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo,   Special Astrophysical Observatory of the RAS
Published: August 2023

We study the process of interaction of an accretion disk with the dipole magnetic field of an accreting star within the corotation approximation. Using dynamical accretion picture we calculate the radius at which the gaseous pressure in the disk is balanced by the pressure of the dipole magnetic field of the accreting star and simultaneously the mass accretion rate in the disk is balanced by the rate of plasma diffusion into the stellar magnetic field. We show that the magnetospheric radius calculated under these conditions in a wide range of parameters is significantly smaller than the canonical Alfvén radius realized in the process of spherical accretion.
Comparison of optical magnitudes of astrometric radio sources obtained from Gaia and ground based observations
Authors:   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo, Malkin Z.M.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, optical magnitudes of astrometric radio sources from the OCARS catalog measured with ground-based telescopes and by Gaia space telescope have been compared. It was found that for some sources these magnitudes agree well, while other sources show significant disagreement. The disagreement is mostly observed for extended Galaxies for which different image processing procedure is usually applied on ground-based and Gaia telescopes. Nevertheless, such a comparison can be useful as a method of verification of non-uniform or unreliable photometry data from the literature and for cross-identification of objects in various catalogs.
Clarifying the nature of the spiral structure in galaxies: such different cases of NGC 3686 and M 100
Authors:   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo,   Saint Petersburg State University, Marchuk A.A. , Kostiuk V.S. ,   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo
Published: August 2023

At present, the question remains whether spiral arms are long-lived or not. The two main theories about the nature of the spiral structure (density waves and the theory of dynamical spirals) give different answers to this question. There is a number of evidence in favor of both of them, while convincingly confirming which of them is correct from observations is an extremely non-trivial task. In this paper, using the analysis of the collected sample of corotation radii, we found two spiral galaxies NGC~3686 and M~100, which are expected to have a fundamentally different answer to the question considered. In the first galaxy, a quasi-stationary density wave is clearly detected, and in the second case, the spirals are of a dynamic nature. We validate our analysis independently with model, kinematic, morphological and metallicity distribution analysis. For the first time, such a large number of independent observational evidence collected and convincingly shows that both theories can be valid in real objects.
Support Vector Classifiers in scikit-learn: Mathematical Detail, Part I
Authors: Prentice Justin S.C.
Published: August 2023

We present mathematical detail pertaining to the theory of support vector classifiers, focusing our attention on hard-margin linear classifiers. We describe the rationale behind support vector classifiers, and provide extensive foundational detail. We construct the primal problem and, subsequently, derive the dual problem. We also show how the primal problem can be derived from the dual problem. The paper is the first in a series, and is intended to be educational in nature.Tunawasilisha maelezo ya hisabati yanayohusiana na nadharia ya viambainishi vya vekta tegemezi, tukizingatia viainishaji vya mstari wa pembe ngumu. Tunaelezea mantiki nyuma ya viainishaji vya vekta za usaidizi, na kutoa maelezo ya kina ya msingi. Tunaunda shida ya msingi na, baadaye, kupata shida mbili. Pia tunaonyesha jinsi shida ya msingi inaweza kutolewa kutoka kwa shida mbili. Karatasi ni ya kwanza katika mfululizo, na inakusudiwa kuwa ya elimu kwa asili.(The translation into Swahili was provided by Google Translate).
Ecocritic Studies In Novels Karena Anugerahmu Yang Kurindu By Emy Agustini Sulaiman
Authors: Jasnain Tilsep , Wardarita Ratu , Rukiyah Siti
Published: August 2023

The problem of this research is how is the study of eco-criticism in the novel Because of Your Grace that I Miss by Emy Agustini Sulaiman. The purpose of this study is to describe eco-critical studies in the novel Due to Your Grace that Kurindu by Emy Agustini Sulaiman which focuses on the study of respect for nature, the study of attitudes of moral responsibility towards nature, the study of solidarity with nature, the study of compassion and care for nature and study the attitude of not disturbing natural life. The research method used in this method is descriptive qualitative method. The source of the data and the object of this research is the novel Due to Your Grace that I Miss by Emy Agustini Sulaiman. The data collection technique in this research is the documentation technique. Researchers use triangulation techniques in the process of validating data in research. The data analysis technique used in this study is content analysis. The results of the analysis obtained are in the form of first there are as many as 10 citations which contain a study of respect for nature, secondly there are 9 citations which contain a study of the attitude of moral responsibility towards nature, thirdly there are 6 citations analyzing the attitude of solidarity towards nature, fourth there are 7 citations which contains a study of attitudes of compassion and concern for nature, the fifth as many as 10 citations which contain a study of attitudes not to disturb natural life. It is hoped that the results of this research can later be used as a means to develop the ability to respect nature and examine the meaning of every existence of natural life. It is hoped that the results of this research can later be used as a means to develop the ability to respect nature and examine the meaning of every existence of natural life. The results of this research should be used by students as a source of knowledge to increase understanding of the environment and eco-critical studies.
Persepsi Mahasiswa: Permasalahan Mahasiswa Di Dalam Keterampilan Menyimak
Authors: Kasriyati Destina , Eriyanti Ribut Wahyu , Hudha Atok Miftachul
Published: August 2023

Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mengidentifikasi  persepsi  mahasiswa   terhadap permasalahan di dalam keterampilan menyimak. Metode penelitian ini adalah quantitative dengan pendekatan survey. Populasi dalam penelitian  ini  melibatkan  mahasiswa pendidikan bahasa  Inggris  dari  semester 2,4,6 dimana mahasiswa tersebut sudah belajar mata kuliah keterampilan menyimak. Kuesioner/angket   yang   diadopsi   dari (Bingol et al., 2014) digunakan  sebagai instrument penelitian ini dalam pengumpulan data. Kemudian  Data   yang   diperoleh   dari   angket   dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS untuk mencari  statistik deskriptif seperti Mean dan Standard     Deviation     (SD).     Hasil     penelitian     ini     menunjukkan     bahwa kecenderungan  atau  tingkat  persetujuan  mahasiswa terhadap permasalahan dalam pembelajaran menyimak berada pada level persepsi “Menengah” atau “Moderate” dengan skor Mean 3,26 (SD 0,558). Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa persepsi mahasiswa terhadap permasalahan dapat ditemukan cara atau metode pembelajaran yang efektif.
Репрезентація університетів у Списку Всесвітньої спадщини ЮНЕСКО
Authors: Марусик Тамара , Герегова Світлана
Published: August 2023

У статті окреслено місце й роль університетів, включених до Списку Всесвітньої спадщини ЮНЕСКО, як окремих об’єктів номінації, так і складових частин номінаційних досьє історичних центрів міст; визначено вплив зазначених освітніх інституцій як своєрідних репрезентантів своїх країн, на розвиток культури, освіти й науки. За допомогою загальнонаукових методів аналізу, синтезу та узагальнення розкрито суть і значення університетів як об’єктів Всесвітньої спадщини ЮНЕСКО на основі їх симбіозу між пам’яткою ЮНЕСКО і студентською Alma-mater як для кожної з країн, так і міжнародного співтовариства. На лютий 2023 року Список Всесвітньої спадщини ЮНЕСКО (після включення у січні на засіданні спеціальної сесії КВС ЮНЕСКО трьох об’єктів до Списку ЮНЕСКО під загрозою) нараховував 1157 об’єктів культурної, природної та змішаної спадщини. Серед унікальних об’єктів, які у різні роки були визнанні надбанням людства, чільне місце посідають сім одноосібних університетських архітектурних комплексів університетів, що включені до Списку ЮНЕСКО. Особливість зазначених об’єктів полягає у тому, що вони покликані виконувати подвійну функцію: з одного боку, – це освітні і наукові інституції, а, з іншого, – об’єкти Всесвітньої спадщини ЮНЕСКО. Дослідження базується на принципах об’єктивності та історизму, що передбачає розгляд окремих процесів у контексті їх розвитку і зв’язку з відповідними вітчизняними та міжнародними інституціями. Особиста участь авторів статті у підготовці номінаційного досьє щодо включення у 2011 році Резиденції митрополитів Буковини і Далмації (Чернівецький національний університет імені Юрія Федьковича) до Списку Всесвітньої спадщини ЮНЕСКО та подальші кроки в її охороні та збереженні дали можливість проаналізувати та зробити висновок щодо переваги зазначених номінацій у процесі розвитку освіти, науки і культури.
CFD-response surface methodology to optimize the effective thermal conductivity and homogeneity in tray dryer
Authors:   Universitaria Agustiniana, Lobatón-García Hugo Fabian , López-Mejía Natali ,   Universitaria Agustiniana, Cruz-Guayacundo Wilmer ,   Universitaria Agustiniana
Published: August 2023

Tray dryers are usually designed with simplistic scaling rules that do not account for all the transport phenomena associated with drying. The use of computational fluid dynamics coupled with response surface methodology can be a powerful tool to evaluate how different tray dryer design parameters affect the drying process. In this work, two tray dryers, one with a lateral air inlet and another with a bottom air inlet, were parameterized for the position of the air inlet, the dryer length, and the distance between the trays. A central composite design was chosen to determine the sample points, and the average turbulence viscosity and effective thermal conductivity as well as the homogeneity index were calculated. With these values, a response surface curve was constructed. The effective thermal conductivity and its homogeneity index were improved (80 % and 11 %, respectively) with an increased distance between trays and an air inlet located in the middle of the inlet face in the best scenario. In addition, the reductions in effective thermal conductivity outcomes were minimal due to the scale-up process in terms of the dryer length.
Aksjologiczne podstawy prawnokarnej ochrony Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w perspektywie stuletnich dziejów. Część II
Authors: Grześkowiak Alicja
Published: August 2023

Druga część opracowania obejmuje analizę podstaw aksjologicznych prawnokarnej ochrony państwa Polskiego od czasu początków komunistycznej władzy w Polsce, do 1989 r. W latach 1944–1989 kilkukrotnie zmieniano konstytucje oraz przepisy prawa karnego mające chronić państwo. Początkowo ich podstawą aksjologiczną powinna być konstytucja z 1921 r., jednak rzeczywistość prawna była odmienna. W miejsce przepisów kodeksu karnego z 1932 r. obowiązującego do 1970 r., wprowadzono w tym zakresie nowe, niezmiernie surowe normy prawnokarne, operujące głównie karą śmierci, w dużej części mające zwalczyć opozycję nie godzącą się na przechwycenie władzy przez komunistów. Przestępstwa przeciwko państwu uważane były – wzorem sowieckiego prawa – za przestępstwa kontrrewolucyjne. Ich podstawy aksjologiczne wyznaczała klasowa polityka partii. Prawo karne z prawa wartości przemieniło się w prawo interesu. Po przyjęciu stalinowskiej konstytucji, która wprost określała zadania walki z przeciwnikami Polski Ludowej, umocnił się schemat prawny tego rodzaju przestępstw. Kodeks karny z 1969 r. dostosowywał prawnokarną ochroną PRL do norm konstytucyjnych. W analizie podstaw aksjologicznych prawa karnego Polski Ludowej lat późniejszych szczególne miejsce zajmuje ustawodawstwo stanu wojennego.
Scrutiny of the Funding of Political Parties
Authors: Niczyporuk Janusz
Published: August 2023

The scrutiny of the funding of political parties boils down to the financial scrutiny by the State, which covers examining the compliance of the existing state and comparing it with the desired state, as well as applying measures of sovereign interference in the area of the financing of political parties. The scope of scrutiny of funding of political parties includes the financial information on the subsidy granted and the expenditure made from the subsidy; reporting on the sources of fund-raising, including bank loans and the terms of obtaining them, and on expenditure from the Electoral Fund in the previous calendar year; the financial statements of an electoral committee or the financial statements of a coalition electoral committee. There are two instances in the system of review of the financing of political parties: the non-judicial where the competent body is the State Electoral Commission (and exceptionally electoral and judicial commissioners), and the judicial where the jurisdiction is exercised by the Supreme Court and, sometimes, district courts.
The Victims and the Sufficiency of their Rights in the Criminal Justice System
Authors: Deset Miloš , Szabová Eva
Published: August 2023

The question of victims’ rights in the criminal proceedings is one of the most discussed question in the sphere of criminal law in the recent years. According to Howard Zehr the restorative justice system is a system that look in a special way on crime, offender and victim. In this connection it should be also said that also Catholic church encourages models of restorative justice that seek to address crime in terms of the harm done to victims and community, not simply as a violation of law. Based on the key idea of restorative justice formulated by Howard Zehr, according to whom restorative justice is primarily a means of addressing the needs of victims of crime, it is undoubtedly possible to assume the central role of the victim within the restorative concept of criminal justice.
The Obligation to Attend Religion Classes as a Manifestation of Special Institutional Authority
Authors: Domagała Michał
Published: August 2023

This paper is devoted to the issue of acceptability of defining religion classes as a compulsory subject in public schools run by religious legal persons. However, while taking into account the achievements of the ecclesiastical law doctrine, the author analyzes this issue from the point of view of the administrative law and indicates the possibility of appropriately applying to this case the regulations pertaining to public establishments and the special institutional governance. In realizing the established research goals the author considers such issues as a school as a public establishment, requirements regarding running public schools, the legal character of statutes of schools or the unique characteristics of the schools run by denominations having legal personality. As a result of the conducted legal analysis the author concluded that when taking into consideration the voluntariness of attending religion classes it is acceptable to, under the special institutional governance, recognize religion classes as a compulsory subject in the public schools run by entities other than local self-government units. However, such possibility exists only when there is no catchment area established for such schools which results in the voluntariness of selecting such schools as a place of realization of compulsory schooling as well as in the prospect of selecting a different public school in which parents or pupils of legal age may resign from attending religion classes.
Aksjologiczne podstawy prawnokarnej ochrony Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w perspektywie stuletnich dziejów. Część III
Authors: Grześkowiak Alicja
Published: August 2023

Polska w okresie 100-lecia, suwerenność odzyskała po raz drugi w 1989 r. Wiązało się to z gruntownymi przemianami nie tylko w życiu społecznymi, ale również ze zmianami ustrojowymi. Pod koniec 1989 r. wprowadzono szereg zmian do Konstytucji PRL, wskazując m.in., że w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej władza należy do Narodu. Tak więc był to początek wprowadzania nowych wartości do – ciągle jeszcze obowiązującej – stalinowskiej konstytucji. Nie nadążało za tymi zmianami prawo karne, nie dostosowując ochrony Państwa Polskiego do nowej jego ustrojowej treści. W kodeksie karnym nadal wartością chronioną była PRL. Całościowa zmiana wartości konstytucyjnych nastąpiła dopiero w nowej Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z 1997 r. i w – niemal równolegle z nią tworzonym – kodeksie karnym. Analizując jego przepisy na tle Konstytucji RP można stwierdzić, że na płaszczyźnie kryminalizacyjnej, obejmującej przestępstwa przeciwko Rzeczypospolitej istnieje spójność aksjologiczna z wartościami konstytucyjnymi. W zakończeniu opracowania obejmującego w trzech częściach problem aksjologicznych podstaw prawnokarnej ochrony Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej należy podkreślić, że przedstawiały one różne okresy w 100-letniej historii Polski na tle trzech różnych wzorców konstytucyjnych rzutujących na rozwiązania prawnokarne. Wskazano równocześnie, że pierwotną podstawą aksjologiczną tej ochrony jest internalizowany przez obywateli tworzących wspólnotę państwową, system wartości związanych z moralną powinnością wierności ojczyźnie jako dobru wspólnemu.
O pozaprocesowych funkcjach tymczasowego aresztowania
Authors: Kala Dariusz
Published: August 2023

W niniejszym artykule wskazano, że tymczasowe aresztowanie służy przede wszystkim realizacji funkcji procesowych, takich jak: uzyskanie dowodu, ochrona materiału dowodowego przed jego utratą lub zniekształceniem, zabezpieczenie osoby oskarżonego dla celów prowadzonego postępowania karnego. Funkcją procesową (sensu largo) najsurowszego środka zapobiegawczego jest także doprowadzenie do rozpoczęcia wykonywania przez osobę prawomocnie skazaną kary pozbawienia wolności. Szereg wątpliwości budzi natomiast to, czy tymczasowe aresztowanie może urzeczywistniać także wskazywane w nauce procesu karnego funkcje pozaprocesowe tj. zapobiegać popełnieniu przez oskarżonego nowego, ciężkiego przestępstwa (funkcja ochronna), oddziaływać ogólnoprewencyjnie, stanowić element represji (tzw. funkcja represyjna), antycypować karę, chronić oskarżonego (np. przed samosądem, samobójstwem), oddziaływać wychowawczo, zaspokajać oczekiwania społeczne (w tym dawać satysfakcję pokrzywdzonemu – tzw. funkcja satysfakcyjna), umożliwiać przeprowadzenie dogłębnych badań osobopoznawczych (tzw. funkcja diagnostyczna), sprzyjać wydobyciu od oskarżonego wyjaśnień, w których przyzna się do popełnienia przestępstwa (tzw. funkcja wydobywcza). Finalnie w artykule zajęto stanowisko, że przy pomocy tymczasowego aresztowania jest realizowana wyłącznie jedna pozaprocesowa (ochronna) funkcja tymczasowego aresztowania, tj. zapobieganie popełnieniu przez oskarżonego nowego, ciężkiego przestępstwa.
The Obligation to Hand over Draught Animals and Carts upon the Announcement of Mobilisation or the Outbreak of War in the Light of the Act of 21 February 1922 and the Implementing Acts
Authors: Konarski Marcin
Published: August 2023

This analysis is related to the system of civilians’ wartime contributions for the defence of the state in the Second Polish Republic. The system of wartime contributions gave the State the right to demand these contributions from the population, and in particular to demand handing over to the State, against payment, property or the right to use movable and immovable property directly or indirectly needed for the purposes of supplying the army and defending the State, but only when a war broke out or when partial or general mobilisation was ordered. The author analyses only one type of the system of wartime contributions understood in this way, namely contributions involving the obligation to hand over draught animals and carts upon the announcement of mobilisation or the outbreak of war. The article draws attention to the first legal regulations in the field of wartime contributions in force on the territory of a reborn Polish State, and in particular to the first legal acts relating to handing over draught animals and carts.
Proceedings Concerning Opinions on Projects of Medical Experiment
Authors: Kościuk Dominik
Published: August 2023

Binding Polish legislation makes legality of conducting of medical experiments dependent on positive assessment (opinion) of expert groups, namely bioethics committees. This paper aims at answering a question, which particular arguments allow qualification of opinions on projects of medical experiments as individual authoritative acts. But, first and foremost – hypothetically assuming that we are dealing with an administrative act – the paper attempts at focusing attention on a circumstance that proceedings of bioethics committees should be undertaken and completed in accordance with elementary principles of administrative proceedings. These principles – regarding the work of committees on stating opinions on medical experiments – shall undergo a brief analysis.
Psychological and Legal Aspects of Using Loot Boxes
Authors: Lelonek-Kuleta Bernadeta , Niewiadomska Iwona , Chwaszcz Mateusz
Published: August 2023

The article aims to present the issues related to the new phenomenon of loot boxes in virtual games. The work consists of four parts. The first one defines what loot boxes are and what is their meaning in virtual games. The second part presents psychological issues related to this matter – mainly in the context of similarities between the use of loot boxes and gambling games. The third part of the article explains how the use of loot boxes is regulated in Polish law and in the law of selected European countries. The last part of the study presents arguments why it is worth undertaking interdisciplinary research on the use of loot boxes.
Legal and Historical Aspects of Civic Activity in the European Communities and in EU
Authors: Piotrowski Mirosław
Published: August 2023

Civic activity in the European Communities and the European Union has never been the priority. This is visible in the legislative acts which emanate a lack of political will of the European decision-makers in this respect. The project of European Communities had an elite character from the very beginning. Increasing integration, which meant that the sovereignty of national states was gradually ceded onto the institutions of the Community, enforced gradual involvement of citizens in this process. This was supposed to show in direct elections to the European Parliament (since 1979) as well as in the possibility of expressing the will in treaty referendums. Together with the formal establishment of the European Union, its citizenship was established too by introducing the European Citizens’ Initiative. Theoretically, it was supposed to be an instrument allowing the Union citizens to get directly involved in its legislative process. In practice it proved to be a highly imperfect legal tool whose provisions had to be amended. The few attempts to give the vote to the citizens, such as the referendum over the Maastricht Treaty, the referendum over the Treaty establishing the Constitution for Europe, or the Treaty of Lisbon effectively discouraged the legislator from this type of democratic experiments. When the EU citizens noticed that the legally available forms of civic activity were but a façade of democratization, they focused on other models of operativeness.
„Von der Geisterjagd“. Möglichkeiten der Sichtbarmachung und Partizipation von Aktivist:innen in der Kunstinstallation „Geister“ Alicia Gorny
Authors: Gorny Alicia
Published: August 2023

Die (historische) Auseinandersetzung mit dem Strukturwandel und den damit verbundenen Arbeitskämpfen im Ruhrgebiet unterlag und unterliegt implizit einer maskulinen Prägung der Erinnerungskultur, die sich vornehmlich auf männliche Arbeit und Biographien stützt. Weibliches Engagement in Arbeitskämpfen, das über die Rolle als unterstützende Randfiguren hinausgeht, kann demgegenüber noch immer als blinder Fleck der Geschichtsforschung betrachtet werden. Die Ausstellung „Geister“ präsentierte die erlebte Geschichte derer, die von der klassischen Geschichtsschreibung verdrängt wurden. Durch den aktiven Einbezug damaliger Beteiligter entstand ein partizipatives, multiperspektivisches Ausstellungskonzept. In der Genese des Konzepts traten Dissonanzen und Deutungsverschiebungen zu Tage, die sich in der Lücke zwischen einer wissenschaftlich-analytischen Sicht einerseits und dem Blick von Zeitzeug:innen auf ihre eigenen Erzählungen andererseits, ergaben. Zentral für den Arbeitsprozess wurde die Frage nach der Aneignung von Geschichte und Erinnerung. Eigene wissenschaftliche und künstlerische Deutungshoheiten mussten zurückgestellt werden, um andere Deutungen zuzulassen.
Peripherie(n) Matters!? Zur Konzeptualisierung von Zentren und Peripherien in juvenilen Szenen
Authors: Eisewicht Paul
Published: August 2023

Ausgangspunkt des Beitrags ist die Vernachlässigung der Erforschung von Jugendkulturen und Szenen in ihren Peripherien. Szeneforschung (re)produziert in ihrer je eigens zentrierten Forschungsarbeit das Stigma von Peripherien. Demgegenüber wird argumentiert, dass die Herstellung von Zugehörigkeit in Szenen zwar überall grundsätzlich gleich verläuft – dass jedoch (sozial-)strukturelle Faktoren diese immer individuell herzustellende Zugehörigkeitsanzeige vor spezifische Herausforderungen stellen. Wie sich diese sozialstrukturellen Merkmale fassen lassen, soll im Beitrag anhand einer mehrdimensionalen Konzeptualisierung von räumlichen, zeitlichen und sozialen Peripherien im persönlichen Handlungsvollzug mit Blick auf das soziale Gruppengebilde und gesellschaftliche Arenen erörtert werden. In der Verflechtung der Dimensionen lassen sich verschiedene Peripherien und Zentrums-Peripherie-Verhältnisse rekonstruieren. In einem zweiten Schritt sollen Peripherien hinsichtlich ihrer sozialen Funktionalität diskutiert werden. Votiert wird damit für eine erweiterte Perspektive auf Szenen und Jugendkulturen, die gerade im Verhältnis von Zentren und Peripherien Erkenntnisgewinne über die komplexen internen Dynamiken posttraditioneller Gesellungen ermöglicht.
Eigenwillige Brauchformen der Landjugend – ein Forschungsdesiderat
Authors: Vogelgesang Waldemar
Published: August 2023

Stadt-Land-Bezüge haben in der Jugendforschung eine lange Tradition. Ein Themenfeld ist in diesem Zusammenhang in der jüngeren Vergangenheit aber kaum untersucht worden: die Tradierung und Modifizierung von Brauchformen der ländlichen Jugend. Durch ein Schlüsselerlebnis sind wir in unserer Forschungsgruppe eher zufällig auf ein Ereignis aufmerksam geworden, das im Nachhinein als ‚Geburtsstunde‘ unserer gezielten soziologisch-ethnographischen Suche nach Handlungsmustern und Veranstaltungsformen angesehen werden kann, denen in ländlichen Regionen lebende Jugendliche Brauchcharakter zuschreiben. An zwei Fallbeispielen soll gezeigt werden, in welchen konzeptionellen Schritten und mit welchen Zugangs-, Erhebungs- und Interpretationsverfahren tradierte und neue Brauchformen als Ressource und Aktionsfeld jugendlicher Expressivität und Gruppenbildung erkundet und erklärt werden können. Die Beispiele sind so gewählt, dass sie einerseits die Bandbreite und das Spannungsverhältnis jugendkultureller Praxisfelder und Vergesellung sichtbar werden lassen und andererseits die Fruchtbarkeit ethnographischer Forschung in höchst divergenten ruralen und brauchkulturellen Handlungsfeldern verdeutlichen. Den Abschluss bildet der Versuch einer kategorialen Klassifikation von jugendlichen Brauchkulturen, auf die wir in unseren Studien im Zeitraum von etwa zwei Jahrzehnten gestoßen sind.