bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Anticancer Activity of Phytoconstituents of the Stem of Bouea macrophylla
Authors: Rudiana Tarso , Suryani Nani , Indriatmoko Dimas D. , Yusransyah Yusransyah , A. Hardiyanto Muhammad , Yohanes Ricky , Nurdiansyah Eka , Fajri Hidayatul , Noviany Noviany , Hadi Sutopo
Published: January 2022

Gandaria (Bouea macrophylla Griff) is a typical Asian plant that is commonly found in In-donesia with various secondary metabolite compounds such as phenolic, flavonoid and ter-penoid. The purpose of this study was to isolate secondary metabolites from the stem extract of B. macrophylla and determine their activity against cancer cells MCF-7, A549, MDA-MB 231 and HCC-1954. The isolation of the compounds was conducted using various chromatographic techniques, the determination of the chemical structure of the isolates was performed using physicochemical methods including mass spectrometer and nuclear magnetic resonance, the determination of anticancer activity was carried out using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) i.e. MCF-7 and A549 cell lines; and dimetiltiazol-2-il) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) for MDA-MB 231 and HCC-1954 cell lines. Four compounds namely stigmasterol (1), fustin (2), garbanzol (3) and methyl galat (4) were successfully isolated from the stem extract of B. macrophylla, which was obtained from Serang Regency, Indonesia. These compounds were then tested their anticancer activity against the cancer cells of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7), human alveolar epithelial cells (A549), human breast cancer cell line-1954 (HCC-1954) and M.D. Anderson-Metastatic Breast-231 (MDA-MB-231). The results of anticancer test indicated that based on the IC50 values for all compounds tested, the compounds 2 and 4 were more active on HCC-1954 cell with IC50 values of 134.35 ± 44.62 and 153.69 ± 12.54 µg/mL, respectively, while the compound 3 was found to be the most active against MDA-MB-231 cell line with IC50 value of 233.41 ± 91.57 µg/mL
Assessment of the Nutritional Profile of Women with Breast Cancer from the Agadir Region (South of Morocco)
Authors: Moukal Abdellah , El-Farouqi Abdellah , Aghrouch Mohamed , EL-Bakraoui Kamal , Zekhnini Abderrahmane , Izaabel El-Hassan
Published: January 2022

Background: Although the incidence of breast cancer and the resulting mortality are very high in Morocco, no study has been carried out on the role of the nutritional factors in the development of BC. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional profile of women with BC in southern Morocco Methods: The study was conducted with 91 women with breast cancer. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were used for the assessment of the nutritional profile and the collection of socio-economic data. Biometric measures were carried out in parallel. Results: The results showed that postmenopausal women had a significantly higher mean weight and Body Mass Index than non-menopausal women (p < 0.015). The majority of patients (79%) had energy intakes above recommendations. The proportion of lipids was excessive in 46% of cases. Intakes of saturated fatty acids were high in 14% of patients. But those of unsaturated fatty acids were high in over 50% of patients. About 58 % had a very high intake of fast sugars. Cholesterol input was high in 40% of cases. Vitamins A, E and D were provided in small amounts, respectively in 66%, 45% and 91% of patients. Likewise, intakes were low for water-soluble vitamins, especially Vitamins B9 (62.6%) and B12 (54%). Almost the majority of participants in our study (92%) had very low calcium intakes. Inputs of magnesium, zinc and selenium were insufficient in 43%, 35% and 48% of patients respectively. Conclusion: Obesity, excessive energy and sugar intake, as well as mineral and vitamin deficiencies could explain the high incidence of breast cancer in southern Morocco. A balanced diet would fight against breast cancer.
Preparation, Diagnosis and Evaluation of Cyclic-Tryptophan Derivatives as Anti Breast cancer Agents
Authors: Aljamali Nagham Mahmood , Jawad Sabrean Farhan
Published: January 2022

The importance of research lies in the treatment of cancerous tumors due to the spread of cancerous tumors in recent decades, so researchers have to insist on finding alternative and more treatments safe from chemotherapy and radiation, which are derivatives of some amino acids, which we attended in our current research. Also, some research showed that taking tryptophan for 3 days before exercise can improve energy and efficiency during exercise, but other preliminary research shows that taking tryptophan during exercise does not improve endurance during cycling exercises. For a few days before exercise to notice any benefit. In this research, we prepared derivatives of cyclic tryptophan and studied their efficacy as anti-tumors, and they gave good results in reducing the size of cancerous tumors and reducing their spread in the body., then sympathy all synthesized new cyclic-tryptophan compounds by numerous techniques (FT.IR ,H.NMR)–spectrophotometric, other physical and chemical properties ,with studying for one of new prepared derivatives as anti breast cancer.
The Utilization of Three-Dimensional Technology for an Accurate Diagnosis and Precise Treatment Planning in the Field of Orthodontics
Authors: Kenkare Priyanka , Shetty Shravan , Mangal Utkarsh , MV Ashith , Shetty Siddarth
Published: January 2022

The first important step in orthodontic treatment is an accurate diagnosis and precise treatment planning to correct the malocclusion. This process entails a proper examination and understanding of the nature of malocclusion and the anomaly of the underlying structures. The emergence of three dimensional (3D) technology has transformed the field of orthodontics. The present article aims to take into account some of the applications of 3D technology in the field of orthodontics.
Comparative Efficacy of Tamsulosin Versus Tamsulosin Plus Finasteride in Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy, a Randomized Open Label Parallel Group Study
Authors: Jose P Cijoy , Karthik V.P. , Vasanthi Vasanthi , guna Punnagai
Published: January 2022

Background: Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a common entity among elderly men and is responsible for significant disability. Medical treatment for BPH has played a major role in improving the symptoms associated with bladder outlet obstruction. Recent guidelines recommend the combination of an alpha-1 blocker and a 5-ARI as first-line treatment of men with moderate-to-severe LUTS. There is limited study data to support which is the effective therapy for BPH/LUTS in a tertiary care hospital in India. Methods: A randomized, open labelled, double blind, active control parallel group study comparing the safety and efficacy of tamsulosin versus tamsulosin+finasteride in subjects with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy. The subjects were randomized after obtaining written informed consent. The subjects were recruited from the patient population that was attending the Out-Patient department of Urology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University. Results: A total sample of 60 subjects, 30 into each group was enrolled. In the tamsulosin group, according to IPSS score, 11 patients who had moderate symptoms (36.7%) became mild, and among 19 patients who had severe symptoms (63.3%), 12 patients became mild (40%) and 7 patients became moderate (23.3%) with a p value of 0.021 which is statistically significant. In the tamsulosin+ finasteride group, according to IPSS score, 10 patients who had moderate symptoms (33.3%) became mild, and among 20 patients who had severe symptoms (66.7%), 12 patients became mild (40%) and 8 patients became moderate (26.7%) with a p value of 0.020 which is statistically significant. When comparing between the two groups, 76.7% attained mild symptoms in group 1 and 73.3% patients attained mild symptoms in group 2 with a p value of 0.766 which is statistically not significant. Conclusion: To conclude tamsulosin 0.4mg is as effective as the combination therapy of tamsulosin 0.4mg and finasteride 5mg in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to Benign prostatic hypertrophy.
Isolation and Identification of Pigment Producing Actinomycete Saccharomonospora azurea SJCJABS01
Authors: Fernandes Charlotte Jessica , Doddavarapu Bhavya , Harry Anupama , Dilip Sri Priya Srikakulam , Ravi Lokesh
Published: January 2022

Given the rising demand for biological pigments, especially of microbial origin – the present study was conducted so as to report a potential source for the extraction of microbial pigment. The main objective was to isolate and identify a pigment–producing actinomycete because pigment production is prevelant in this group. A powdery, greenish–blue colony with a chalky azure aerial mass was isolated from one of the many rhizosphere soil samples. Upon preliminary investigation, viz. colony characterization and grams staining, the suspected colony was observed to have a filamentous margin with a slightly raised elevation and gram–positive filamentous hyphae.Biochemical analyses of the organism revealed positive results for carbohydrate fermentation and Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) test with no signs of gas production during the former but gas & H­2­S production during the latter. The identity of the isolate was established via 16S rDNA and phylogeny analysis, which strongly suggested it was Saccharomonospora azurea. Limited research pertaining to morphology, physiology, genomics and secondary metabolite production with no reports on the physicochemical properties of the pigment produced by S. azureaadequately suggests that it is relatively novel. Hence, further studies related to the same could be beneficial to the scientific community.
Immediate Effect of Chin Tuck Exercises on Craniovertebral Angle and Shoulder Angle Among Collegiates with Forward Head Posture
Authors: Sureshbabu M Anbupriya , Aishwarya A Aishwarya A , Nishanth H Nishanth H
Published: January 2022

Forward head posture (FHP) is the forward movement of the head that is caused by improper postural awareness and often results in muscular imbalance that causes pain. The forward head posture is found to be influenced by Craniovertebral Angle (CV) and shoulder angle (SA) that in turn causes rounded shoulder. These biomechanical changes prove to be a hindrance in maintaining neutral head posture and affects the structural integrity. A sample size of 43 were taken according to the selection criteria and the FHP was assessed through plumb line. Double tape was used as markers at tragus of the ear, C7 vertebrae and acromion process. Photos were taken and analyzed using AUTOCAD 2017 software and the results were obtained. A positive association found between the pre and post test results for CV angle with P=0.0001(P<0.05) and no significant association between the pre and posttest for SA with P=0.2 (P>0.05). The craniovertebral angle can be altered with the chin tuck exercises but has no effect on the shoulder angle, hence having no influence over the rounded shoulders but has some effect over the forward head posture.
Polarization response of planarized optical waveguides to determine the anisotropic complex refractive index of graphene oxide thin films
Authors: Gan SoonXin , Chong WenSin , Lai ChoonKong , Chong WuYi , Madden Stephen J. , Choi Duk-Yong , De La Rue Richard M. , Ahmad Harith
Published: January 2022

The polarization response of graphene oxide (GO)-coated planarized optical waveguides is used to determine the complex refractive index of GO film. GO films with thicknesses between 0.10 and 0.71 µm were coated on planarized optical waveguides. GO-coated waveguides exhibit large polarization dependent losses—and the polarization response depends strongly on the GO coating thickness. The response was used, together with finite element analysis, to determine the complex refractive index of the GO film. The complex refractive indices of GO films for both TE- and TM-polarized light at a wavelength of 1550 nm were found to be

1.71

+

0

.

09
i

and

1.58

+

0

.

05
i

, respectively. The uncertainties of

n

G
O

and

k

G
O

for TE-polarized light are

±
0

.

02

and

±
0

.

03

, respectively, whereas the uncertainties of

n

G
O

and

k

G
O

for TM-polarized light are

±
0

.

05

and

±
0

.

02

, respectively.
Möbius shifts associated with the third-order and the fourth-order rainbows of a spheroidal droplet computation
Authors: Wang Zhiying , Yu Haitao , Yang Jie , Shen Jianqi
Published: January 2022

Vector-ray tracing (VRT) is employed to calculate Möbius shifts of the third-order and the fourth-order rainbows for a spheroidal droplet. When the aspect ratio of a spheroidal droplet is small, approximation expressions for calculating the Möbius shift (i.e., deviation of the geometrical rainbow angle for a spheroidal droplet and that for a spherical droplet) were given by Lock and Können [Appl. Opt. 56, G88 (2017)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.56.000G88]. The assessment of applicability ranges of the Lock approximation is obtained by comparing with a VRT simulation for a water droplet with the refractive index

m
=

1.333

. For this, a parameter

Δ
D

is defined that measures the disagreement between the two methods. A threshold value of 5% for

Δ
D

is chosen below which the agreement is considered to be good. For the third-order rainbow, it is shown that this is the case for the Lock approximation for water droplets (

m
=

1.333

)

with aspect ratios in the range of

0.97

≤
a

/

c
≤

1.03

. For the fourth-order rainbow, the application range of the Lock approximation is

0.99

≤
a

/

c
≤

1.01

for water droplets. For the first-order and second-order rainbows, the application ranges are briefly revisited with the current method. The influence of the droplet refractive index on the Möbius shift is also investigated.
The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling assemblies BAF and PBAF differentially regulate cell cycle exit and cellular invasion in vivo
Authors: Smith Jayson J. , Xiao Yutong , Parsan Nithin , Medwig-Kinney Taylor N. , Martinez Michael A. Q. , Moore Frances E. Q. , Palmisano Nicholas J. , Kohrman Abraham Q. , Chandhok Delos Reyes Mana , Adikes Rebecca C. , Liu Simeiyun , Bracht Sydney A. , Zhang Wan , Wen Kailong , Kratsios Paschalis , Matus David Q.
Published: January 2022

Chromatin remodelers such as the SWI/SNF complex coordinate metazoan development through broad regulation of chromatin accessibility and transcription, ensuring normal cell cycle control and cellular differentiation in a lineage-specific and temporally restricted manner. Mutations in genes encoding the structural subunits of chromatin, such as histone subunits, and chromatin regulating factors are associated with a variety of disease mechanisms including cancer metastasis, in which cancer co-opts cellular invasion programs functioning in healthy cells during development. Here we utilizeCaenorhabditis elegansanchor cell (AC) invasion as anin vivomodel to identify the suite of chromatin agents and chromatin regulating factors that promote cellular invasiveness. We demonstrate that the SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex is a critical regulator of AC invasion, with pleiotropic effects on both G0cell cycle arrest and activation of invasive machinery. Using targeted protein degradation and enhanced RNA interference (RNAi) vectors, we show that SWI/SNF contributes to AC invasion in a dose-dependent fashion, with lower levels of activity in the AC corresponding to aberrant cell cycle entry and increased loss of invasion. Our data specifically implicate the SWI/SNF BAF assembly in the regulation of the G0cell cycle arrest in the AC, whereas the SWI/SNF PBAF assembly promotes AC invasion via cell cycle-independent mechanisms, including attachment to the basement membrane (BM) and activation of the pro-invasivefos-1/FOS gene. Together these findings demonstrate that the SWI/SNF complex is necessary for two essential components of AC invasion: arresting cell cycle progression and remodeling the BM. The work here provides valuable single-cell mechanistic insight into how the SWI/SNF assemblies differentially contribute to cellular invasion and how SWI/SNF subunit-specific disruptions may contribute to tumorigeneses and cancer metastasis.
Genetic diversity in enhancer II region of HBV genotype D and its association with advanced liver diseases
Authors: Khan Majid , Khan Sanaullah , Gondal Mehrunnisa Fatima , Bibi Safia , Khan Bakht Tarin , Majid Abdul , Khattak Ayesha , Khabir Muhammad Nasir , Anwar Muhammad , Gul Aisha , Naseem Maryam , Attaullah Sobia
Published: January 2022

Background

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is one of the most common human infectious agents, and the mutations in its genome may cause chronic hepatitis (CH), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was designed to characterize the enhancer-II (Enh-II) region of X gene in HBV positive patients to assess the association of such mutations with CH, LC, and HCC.

Methods

HBV positive samples (N = 200) with patients’ demographic and clinical data were collected from different regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. The Enh-II region of the HBx gene was sequenced and zanalyzed for polymorphism associated with advanced liver disease. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate potent mutations associated with a risk for LC and HCC.

Results

HBV Enh-II region sequences analysis revealed 25 different mutations. The highest frequency of mutations S101F (62.2%), A102V/R/G/I (56.25%), M103L/A (68.75%)were found in HCC, followed in LC and CH patients as 57.1%, 42.8%, 28.52% 16%, 15.2% and 18.4% respectively. H94 deletion in the α-box of the Enh-II region, associated with a high risk of HCC was found in half of the HCC patients. This deletion was present in 28.5% of LC and 6.5% of CH patients. Importantly, the high frequency of some notable mutations such as E109A/Y, A110S/K, Y111D/E, and F112L was first time reported in the entire study population. The frequencies of these mutations were high in HCC (43.75%, 37.5%, 50% and 43.75% respectively) as compared to LC (14.28%, 14.28%, 28.2% and 42.8%) and CH patients (12.8%, 15.2%, 16.8% and 16% respectively).

Conclusion

Mutations associated with LC and HCC are prevalent in the Enh-II region in Pakistani HBV isolates. The mutations found are alarming in CH patients as these may progress to LC and HCC in a large number of patients.
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of 2D and 3D measurements to determine opportunistic screening of osteoporosis using the proximal femur on abdomen-pelvic CT
Authors: Park Sun-Young , Ha Hong Il , Lee Sang Min , Lee In Jae , Lim Hyun Kyung
Published: January 2022

Objectives

To compare the osteoporosis-predicting ability of computed tomography (CT) indexes in abdomen-pelvic CT using the proximal femur and the reliability of measurements in two- and three-dimensional analyses.

Methods

Four hundred thirty female patients (age range, 50–96 years) who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and abdominal-pelvic CT within 1 month were retrospectively selected. The volumes of interest (VOIs) from the femoral head to the lesser trochanter and the femoral neck were expressed as 3DFemur. Round regions of interest (ROIs) of image plane drawn over the femoral neck touching the outer cortex were determined as 2Dcoronal. In HU histogram analysis (HUHA), the percentages of HU histogram ranges related to the ROI or VOI were classified as HUHAFat (<0 HU) and HUHABone (126 HU≤). Diagnostic performance, correlation analysis and measurement reliability were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curves, correlation coefficient and interobserver correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively.

Results

AUCs of each HUHA and mean-HU measurement on 2D-ROI and 3D-VOI were 0.94 or higher (P < 0.001). Both 3DFemur-Mean-HU and 3DFemur-HUHABone showed the highest AUC (0.96). The cut-off value of 3DFemur-Mean-HU was 231HU or less, (sensitivity: 94.8%; specificity: 85.0%; correlation coefficient: −0.65; P <0.001) for diagnosis of osteoporosis. There was no superiority between AUCs in 2D-ROI and 3D-VOI measurements (P > 0.05). Reliability of the 3D-VOI measurement showed perfect agreement (ICC ≥ 0.94), and 2D-ROI showed moderate to good agreement (ICC range: 0.63~0.84).

Conclusions

CT indexes on 3D-VOI for predicting femoral osteoporosis showed similar diagnostic accuracy with better reproducibility of measurement, compared with 2D-ROI.
Fecal microbiome profiles of neonatal dairy calves with varying severities of gastrointestinal disease
Authors: Slanzon Giovana S. , Ridenhour Benjamin J. , Moore Dale A. , Sischo William M. , Parrish Lindsay M. , Trombetta Sophie C. , McConnel Craig S.
Published: January 2022

Gastrointestinal disease (GI) is the most common illness in pre-weaned dairy calves. Studies have associated the fecal microbiome composition with health status, but it remains unclear how the microbiome changes across different levels of GI disease and breeds. Our objective was to associate the clinical symptoms of GI disease with the fecal microbiome. Fecal samples were collected from calves (n = 167) of different breeds (Holstein, Jersey, Jersey-cross and beef-cross) from 4–21 d of age. Daily clinical evaluations assessed health status. Calves with loose or watery feces were diagnosed with diarrhea and classified as bright-sick (BS) or depressed-sick (DS) according to behavior. Calves with normal or semiformed feces and no clinical illness were classified as healthy (H). One hundred and three fecal samples were obtained from consistently healthy calves and 64 samples were from calves with diarrhea (n = 39 BS; n = 25 DS). The V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and analyzed. Differences were identified by a linear-mixed effects model with a negative binomial error. DS and Jersey calves had a higher relative abundance of Streptococcus gallolyticus relative to H Holstein calves. In addition, DS calves had a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacterium longum and an enrichment of Escherichia coli. Species of the genus Lactobacillus, such as an unclassified Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus salivarius were enriched in calves with GI disease. Moreover, we created a model to predict GI disease based on the fecal microbiome composition. The presence of Eggerthella lenta, Bifidobacterium longum, and Collinsella aerofaciens were associated with a healthy clinical outcome. Although lactobacilli are often associated with beneficial probiotic properties, the presence of E. coli and Lactobacillus species had the highest coefficients positively associated with GI disease prediction. Our results indicate that there are differences in the fecal microbiome of calves associated with GI disease severity and breed specificities.
A társadalomismereti nevelés céljai és a tanórákon alkalmazott módszerek, tevékenységek
Authors: Dancs Katinka
Published: January 2022

Kutatásunk célja annak feltárása volt, hogy a pedagógusok a társadalomismereti nevelés során a tantervekben megjelenő mely célokat preferálják, valamint milyen módszereket és tevékenységeket használnak munkájuk során. Online kérdőív segítségével gyűjtöttünk adatokat általános iskolában és középiskolában tanító pedagógusoktól, összesen 400 pedagógus töltötte ki a kérdőívet. Eredményeink szerint a pedagógusok az emberi jogok és a morális értékek tiszteletére, valamint a környezetvédelem iránti pozitív viszonyulásra helyeznek hangsúlyt. A módszerek és tevékenységek tekintetében az információkeresést és -értelmezést igénylő tevékenységek, a szemléltetőanyagok használata és a feldolgozott témák közös megvitatása tekinthetők a leggyakrabban alkalmazott tevékenységeknek. A klaszterelemzés eredményeként négy csoportba sorolhatók a részt vevő pedagógusok célképzésük szerint: érzékenyítők, környezetvédelemre nevelők, hazafias nevelők és szolidaritásra nevelők. A pedagógusprofilok között nem tapasztalható különbség abban a tekintetben, hogy milyen módszereket és tevékenységeket alkalmaznak.
Erosión, reforma y viabilidad de la Monarquía
Authors: Fraguas de Pablo Rafael
Published: January 2022

La imagen del anterior titular de la Corona y su proyección sobre la propia de la Monarquía como institución han sido y son causa de preocupación social y política en España desde algunos años antes de la abdicación de su titular, Juan Carlos I, en junio de 2014. Tal inquietud ha obedecido —y continúa obedeciendo— a intermitentes revelaciones informativas sobre determinadas prácticas económico-financieras y fiscales irregulares que se le atribuyen a él o a su entorno inmediato, el familiar incluido, desde diferentes instancias judiciales. Una reforma de las funciones de la monarquía mediante un Estatuto que racionalice sus atribuciones e impida la transgresión de sus prerrogativas puede ser un punto de partida ejemplarizante que precisaría, sin embargo, de una mayoría parlamentaria.
La cuestión de los animales y su encaje en la Carta encíclica «Laudato si’» del papa Francisco
Authors: Fernández Mateo Joaquín
Published: January 2022

La finalidad de este trabajo es estudiar la adecuación de la encíclica Laudato si’ del papa Francisco ante el creciente interés social por la consideración moral de los animales, y su correspondiente desarrollo filosófico, moral y político. En este sentido, se plantea que existen razones suficientes para considerar a los animales como sujetos de especial consideración y cuidado, lo que obliga a un necesario diálogo entre los aspectos éticos del problema y la visión religiosa del mismo. En consecuencia, puede concluirse que, si el desarrollo tecnológico y la actividad productiva lo permite, el uso y consumo de animales no es estrictamente necesario. Abstenerse de su uso y consumo aparece como un acto de caridad guiado por el amor a Dios y a su creación.
Free Listening
Authors: Hanners Kyle A. , Tietsort Cristopher J.
Published: January 2022

Given the widespread ideological polarization of the current times, cultivating ways to empathize across difference has never been more important. In this essay, we outline Free Listening (FL), a pedagogical practice that helps people grow their capacity to empathetically engage others across difference by engaging in structured sessions of active empathetic listening. Our prior work demonstrates that the structured practice of FL has both affective and practical implications for how students engage with others; students leave the practice with a greater sense of awareness, appreciation for other cultures, and ability to listen across cultural and ideological boundaries. We believe FL has great promise within the teaching-and-learning process in relation to civic and community engagement, service learning, and relational praxis. In this essay, we outline the practice of FL and review literature that helps elucidate what this practice is and does. Some key themes are discussed that reveal the valuable contributions of this practice as they have emerged from our students’ and our own experience with/in FL. Finally, we trace the pedagogical implications of FL as they connect to theories of dialogue and dialogic praxis. Overall, we argue that FL should be a regular practice for pedagogues across the social sciences in order to cultivate in students the relational and empathetic skills that are needed to advance the project of depolarization—a project in which other-centeredness should be a defining feature.
Teaching Issues of Equity and Oppression in a Business Ethics Course
Authors: Sellers April , Eikenberry Shawna
Published: January 2022

In this essay, we reflect on our experience teaching divisive issues to undergraduates in a required business ethics class. We want to share lessons learned, and what worked and what did not, in hopes that it will help other instructors who are tackling these topics. In particular, we share a list of “guiding principles” we developed that we find helpful in teaching a class that involves polarizing topics.
Aproximación al comportamiento del flujo de efectivo con Dinámica de Sistemas
Authors: Carreño Dueñas Diego Andrés , Salazar Sanabria Hugo Felipe , Mesa Mojica Josué Iván
Published: January 2022

Contexto: El flujo de efectivo es un elemento esencial para la toma de decisiones dentro de las organizaciones, dado que al conocer el flujo de efectivo de un periodo se puede determinar si se están generando ganancias o pérdidas. Por lo tanto, es de vital importancia conocer el comportamiento del flujo de efectivo para disminuir el riesgo de presentar déficit de efectivo en el futuro. Método: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica identificando características y variables que intervienen en el flujo de efectivo de una organización común. Además, se planteó un modelo que permite representar el comportamiento del flujo de efectivo en las organizaciones utilizando las variables encontradas en la revisión bibliográfica y el cual se desarrolla mediante dinámica de sistemas Resultados: En Se obtuvo un modelo que se desarrolla mediante dinámica de sistemas en el que se integran las variables del flujo de efectivo y, a su vez, permite crear escenarios de simulación en los que se modifican estas variables y se determina el comportamiento del flujo de efectivo en el tiempo. Conclusiones: Con una correcta parametrización de variables, utilizando cifras y estados reales, es posible emplear el modelo propuesto como una plataforma de experimentación para estimar el impacto de implementar distintas políticas orientadas a mantener el nivel del flujo de efectivo y evaluar su viabilidad
Caracterización de tráfico para el servicio de Video Streaming en vivo sobre DASH en redes 4G basado en analizadores sintácticos
Authors: Bermúdez Orozco Héctor Fabio , Campo Muñoz Wilmar Yesid , Astaiza Hoyos Evelio
Published: January 2022

Contexto: El tráfico de datos móviles generado por los servicios de video aumenta a diario. Para enfrentar dicha situación, los proveedores de servicios de telecomunicaciones deben conocer el comportamiento del tráfico de video y así ajustar los recursos de la red que permitan satisfacer y mantener los niveles de calidad requeridos por los usuarios. Los estudios de caracterización de tráfico en redes 4G para el servicio Live Video Streaming (LVS) son escasos y los disponibles son obtenidos a partir de escenarios de simulación en los cuales no se consideran las condiciones reales de funcionamiento de este tipo de redes.
Método: Este trabajo se centra en encontrar un modelado que caracterice el tráfico a partir de las funciones de densidad de probabilidad del servicio LVS bajo la técnica de streaming adaptativo DASH en redes LTE. Las trazas analizadas para realizar el estudio del modelado fueron adquiridas en escenarios reales de emulación considerando las condiciones de funcionamiento frecuentemente presentadas en la prestación real del servicio, para lo cual se definieron cinco escenarios de prueba. Resultados: Se presenta la descripción, a partir de la parametrización de algunas funciones de densidad de probabilidad encontradas, de diferentes modelos de tráfico del servicio bajo estudio y para cada uno de los escenarios de prueba preestablecidos en una red 4G-LTE.
Conclusiones: A partir de los resultados, se concluye que el modelo de tráfico depende de las condiciones de cada escenario y que no existe un modelo único que describa el comportamiento general del servicio LVS bajo la técnica de streaming adaptativo DASH en una la red LTE emulada.
Un enfoque desde la ingeniería de software a una solución tecnológica de IoT y aprendizaje automático que permita monitorear y controlar las variables medioambientales en un cultivo de café
Authors: Ruiz Martinez William , González Gómez Arnaldo Andrés
Published: January 2022

Contexto: La ingeniería de software nos permite abordar el diseño y desarrollo de software desde la aplicación práctica del conocimiento científico. En el caso de esta solución de IoT y el enfoque de aprendizaje automático en el monitoreo y control de las variables medioambientales en un cultivo de café, nos permite visualizar determinados artefactos del sistema en su interacción con los usuarios y en el comportamiento con otros artefactos o dispositivos que integran una solución tecnológica.
Método: Para el presente trabajo, se plantea la aplicación de la ingeniería del software desde un enfoque conceptual y del comportamiento del sistema. Para cumplir con estos objetivos se optó por emplear el lenguaje unificado de modelado (UML) de forma tal que se pudieran representar los componentes más importantes de la solución tecnológica desde una perspectiva estática a través de los diagramas de casos de uso y desde el punto de vista dinámico a través de los diagramas de secuencia.
Resultados: Mediante la aplicación del UML, fue posible desarrollar el modelamiento conceptual y del comportamiento de ciertos artefactos y componentes. Este conocimiento permitió identificar la interacción entre componentes y dispositivos físicos (máquina a máquina) y la interacción hombre-máquina, es decir, la relación entre usuarios y procesos que componen la solución tecnológica.
Conclusiones: A través de la ingeniería de software y más específicamente del UML, pudimos establecer la importancia de conocer los diferentes artefactos que componen un sistema o aplicación desde un enfoque técnico y funcional diferente, pudiendo recopilar información valiosa sobre el comportamiento de ciertos artefactos del sistema, así como de la interacción entre usuarios y procesos.
DIGITAL FABRICATION AS A LEARNING MEDIA FOR LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURE WITH CASE STUDY OF SHELL STRUCTURE
Authors: Indrawan Stephanus Evert , Purwanto LMF
Published: January 2022

The lightweight structure system is an effort to optimize the structure to distribute the load efficiently. Unfortunately, students often have difficulty imagining the learning outcomes application in the real world when studying light structural systems. However, the use of the scalar model can still explain several essential aspects of a lightweight structural system, one of which is the effect of connection and formation of material components on the structural capability. Therefore, this paper aims to bridge the learning process by utilizing digital devices from the concept stage of structural modeling with the help of software (Rhinoceros, Grasshopper, and Kangaroo) to the realization process using laser cutting. The method used is a semi-experimental method that applies Hooke's law principle, which produces a shell structure system with a digital fabrication approach that utilizes a lightweight material, namely, corrugated paper board, as the primary material. This paper concludes that digital technology and digital fabrication processes can help students understand the concept of lightweight structures because they can use computer simulations, cut them using laser cutting, and assemble them in the field in a series of simultaneous processes.
APPLICATION OF DIGITAL STRUCTURE SIMULATION AS A TOOL	FOR THE EXPLORATION OF WIDE SPAN STRUCTURE IDEAS
Authors: Wahadamaputera Shirley , Subekti Bambang , Permata Dian Duhita
Published: January 2022

Review on structure behaviour and visual appearance of a building is needed in generating creativity in the making of an architectural design. The use of any specific structure software will facilitate this in the process. This research aims to prove the effectiveness with which designers can compose alternative forms of architectural appearance through the use of the software. One of the tools in the creative process used in the exploration of 2-dimensional frame structures is DR FRAME. The observations were carried in the Structure and Construction IV Studio at Itenas Architecture Study Program Bandung through a digital simulation using DR. FRAME software demo version. Several students are invited to explore various forms of wide-span truss structures at the level of unified integration. The results through the program execution show various diagrams which can be implemented in the design of the form and the type of structural components. DR.FRAME software enriches ideas in the wide-span structure design which provides an understanding of the relationship between structural behaviour and the appearance of architectural design. The use of other supporting software is supposed to be applied as an alternative search for various structural design ideas for architecture students
Funkcjonowanie zwrotów leżeć bykiem i leżeć martwym bykiem w polszczyźnie
Authors: Ignatowicz-Skowrońska Jolanta
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the motivation and the functioning of two phraseological units in the Polish language, namely leżeć bykiem (to idle lazily) and leżeć martwym bykiem (to be resting idly). Resulting from independent derivations, they appeared in the Polish language in the second half of the twentieth century. Due to formal similarity, though, they quickly developed relations which led to the transformations of their meaning and form.
„Społeczeństwo jako ciało jest pęknięte”. Zabiegi stylizacyjne w dialogach Małgorzaty Szumowskiej i Michała Englerta na przykładzie filmów Body/Ciało i Twarz
Authors: Miławska-Ratajczak Małgorzata
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to present an overview of the stylistic measures identifiable in the dialogues of two films whose screenplays were written by Małgorzata Szumowska and Michał Englert – Body (2015) and Mug (2017). The analysis of linguistic and stylistic means has been organised into three categories that can be used to describe the work of this script-writing duo (in line with Adam Kruk’s critical proposition): deliberate schematicity, social hearing (as a metaphor for social sensitivity) and mockery. In the linguistic layer of these films, schematicity comes to the fore through the accumulation of homogeneous linguistic means (especially from the emotional register of colloquial Polish) and contrasting juxtapositions of various social variants of the language. The social hearing of Szumowska and Englert is revealed especially through the presence of linguistic templates, and mockery – in the linguistic joke and in the openly mocking statements of some of the characters. The analysis shows that the dialogues are another testimony to the stylish separateness of Szumowska and Englert and one of the ways to portray Poland as full of internal divisions.
„Zagęszczenia wieloznaczeń” – gry językowe w poezji Urszuli Kozioł
Authors: Sławek Jolanta
Published: January 2022

The article presents the linguistic mechanisms used by the poet Urszula Kozioł to play poetic linguistic games with her readers. Based on selected poems, the article discusses the ways of employing means from various levels of the language system, including the phonetic, morphological, inflection, syntactic and semantic systems. It is pointed out that U. Kozioł’s linguistic games are often based on complex etymological and word-building mechanisms. As a result of these, the poetry is full of unexpected, often ambiguous word forms that surprise the readers with their unconstricted morphological and phonetic form with frequently unspecified and unclear meaning, making room for new, often non-standard interpretations.
Uwagi etymologiczne w dawnych tekstach użytkowych (na przykładzie Kroniki, to jest historyi świata Marcina Bielskiego, Informacyi matematycznej Wojciecha Bystrzonowskiego i Nowych Aten Benedykta Chmielowskiego)
Authors: Kozaryn Dorota , Szczaus Agnieszka
Published: January 2022

The subject of the analysis in the article are the etymological explanations presented in the old non-literary texts (i.e. the texts that function primarily outside literature, serving various practical purposes), i.e. in the sixteenth-century Kronika, to jest historyja świata (Chronicle, that is the history of the entire world) by Marcin Bielski and in two eighteenth-century encyclopaedic texts: Informacyja matematyczna (Mathematical information) by Wojciech Bystrzonowski and Nowe Ateny (New Athens) by Benedykt Chmielowski. The review of the etymological comments allows us to take notice of their considerable substantive and formal diversity. These comments apply to both native and foreign vocabulary. On the one hand, they provide information on the origin of proper names (toponyms and anthroponyms), and on the other hand, a whole range of these etymological comments concern common names. A depth of etymological comments presented in non-literary texts is significantly diversified and independent of the nature of the vocabulary to which these comments apply – they can be merely tips on sources of borrowings of foreign words, but they can also constitute a deeper analysis of the meaning and structure of individual words, both native and foreign. These comments are usually implementations of folk etymology. The role of etymological considerations in former non-literary texts is significant. First of all, these texts have a ludic function, typical of popularised texts – they are supposed to surprise, intrigue and entertain readers. Secondly, they serve a cognitive function typical of non-literary texts – they are supposed to expand the readers’ knowledge about the world and language. Thirdly, they have a persuasive function, which is a distinctive feature of both popularised and non-literary texts – they are supposed to provoke the readers’ thoughts on the relationship between non-linguistic reality and the linguistic way of its interpretation, they also stimulate linguistic interests, which was particularly important in the past when the reflection on the native language was poor.
Leksyka z zakresu wróżbiarstwa i czarów w Nowym wielkim dykcjonarzu Pierre’a Daneta i Dymitra Franciszka Koli
Authors: Marczak Marek
Published: January 2022

The paper aims to investigate Polish lexis belonging to the semantic fields of DIVINATION and WITCHCRAFT. The material was excerpted from the 18th-century trilingual Nowy wielki dykcjonarz (New grand dictionary). The semantic fields under analysis were divided into subfields. In the case of DIVINATION, the subfields of DIVINATION PRACTISES and PEOPLE FORETELLING THE FUTURE were identified. In turn, WITCHCRAFT was subdivided into MAGICAL PRACTICES, PEOPLE PRACTISING MAGIC and EFFECTS OF MAGIC. The analysis of the retrieved material suggests that the number of individual lexemes is relatively small and usually polysemic, which appears to contradict the popularity and prevalence of divination and witchcraft in the 18th-century Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as established by cultural historians. The supposed misrepresentation of the semantic fields under scrutiny may reflect the didactic nature of the Polish part of the dictionary.
GENDERIZING CONSEQUENCES OF FAMILY POLICIES IN POLAND IN 2010S: A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: SUWADA KATARZYNA
Published: January 2022

The aim of this paper is to analyze four reforms introduced in the Polish family system in the 2010s. The reforms were introduced as an answer to a problem of very low fertility rates, as well as instruments helping women in achieving their work-life balance. The reforms are analyzed here in terms of their (de)genderization effects on Polish mothers and fathers. The use of a genderization-degenderization axis shows that the gendered division of domestic and care work is not challenged by the reforms, but it is rather reinforced by them. It is also doubtful if the reforms will manage to reverse current demographic trends.
THE DISUNITED STATES’ DECOUPLING FROM ITS FORLORN FOREIGN AFFAIRS’ ENTANGLEMENTS
Authors: ST. JOHN ANTHONY
Published: January 2022

The short-term ‘reign’ of the United States as leader of the world, policeman of the world, is being seriously challenged not only by pundits all over the world but by even political scientists and analysts in the United States itself. In fact, many are seriously opining that the United States is in decline—that it has lost its sense of direction, has taken itself too seriously, and has led the world for its own profit and well-being while disregarding the realities of other nations and peoples. The article attempts to trace the reasons for this sudden reversal of popularity of the DisUnited States of America.
A speed preserving Hilbert gradient flow for generalized integral Menger curvature
Authors: Knappmann Jan , Schumacher Henrik , Steenebrügge Daniel , von der Mosel Heiko
Published: January 2022

We establish long-time existence for a projected Sobolev gradient flow of generalized integral Menger curvature in the Hilbert case and provide

C

1
,
1

C^{1,1}

-bounds in time for the solution that only depend on the initial curve.
The self-avoidance property of integral Menger curvature guarantees that the knot class of the initial curve is preserved under the flow, and the projection ensures that each curve along the flow is parametrized with the same speed as the initial configuration.
Finally, we describe how to simulate this flow numerically with substantially higher efficiency than in the corresponding numerical

L
2

L^{2}

gradient descent or other optimization methods.
An orbit determination method of spacecraft based on distribution regression
Authors: Jiang Chunsheng
Published: January 2022

A new method of orbit determination (OD) is proposed: distribution regression. The paper focuses on the process of using sparse observation data to determine the orbit of the spacecraft without any prior information. The standard regression process is to learn a map from real numbers to real numbers, but the approach put forward in this paper is to map from probability distributions to real-valued responses. According to the new algorithm, the number of orbital elements can be predicted by embedding the probability distribution into the reproducing kernel Hilbert space. While making full use of the edge of big data, it also avoids the problem that the algorithm cannot converge due to improper initial values in precise OD. The simulation experiment proves the effectiveness, robustness, and rapidity of the algorithm in the presence of noise in the measurement data.
The risk factors of COVID-19 in 50–74 years old people: a longitudinal population-based study
Authors: Hozhabr Jamali Atergeleh , Emamian Mohammad Hassan , Goli Shahrbanoo , Rohani-Rasaf Marzieh , Hashemi Hassan , Fotouhi Akbar
Published: January 2022

Objectives

To investigate the risk factors of COVID-19 infection in a longitudinal study of a population aged 50–74 years.

Methods

Data were collected from Shahroud Eye Cohort study and the COVID-19 electronic registry in Shahroud, northeast Iran. Participants were followed for about 13 months and predisposing factors for COVID-19 infection were investigated using log binominal model and calculating relative risks.

Results

From the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak in Shahroud (February 20, 2020) to March 26, 2021, out of 4,394 participants in the Eye Cohort study, 271 (6.1%) were diagnosed with COVID-19 with a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test on two nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. Risk factors for COVID-19 infection included male gender (relative risk (RR) = 1.51; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.15–1.99), body mass index (BMI) over 25 (RR = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.05), and diabetes (RR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.02–1.67). Also, smoking (RR = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28–0.93) and education (RR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92–0.98) showed inverse associations.

Conclusions

Men, diabetics, and those with BMI over 25 should be more cognizant and adhere to health protocols related to COVID-19 prevention and should be given priority for vaccination.