bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-scenario location-allocation in decision-making for improving educational facility services in Kupang City
Authors: Tallo Amandus Jong , Alraouf Ali A. , Wibowo Caesaryo Arif
Published: April 2024

Regional development is inseparable from the support of education facilities. Spatial disparities in education facilities' service scales occur unevenly in the Kupang city administration. Overlaying several thematic maps with Location-Allocation analysis provides a development scenario for placing education facilities. Secondary data in the form of the distribution of existing educational facilities, consisting of elementary schools, junior high schools , and senior high schools derived from Kupang City's Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) data, road network and building distribution obtained based on Open Street Map (OSM) publications. Comparing the overall parameters, it can be recommended that the most efficient scenario that has the least positive impact and the least negative impact is the scenario with ¼ of the optimal number of new facilities for elementary and junior high schools, while for senior high schools there needs to be further consideration between the scenario with the optimal number and the scenario with ¼ of the optimal number of new facilities in Kupang City.
Disaster evacuation challenges in high-density urban neighborhood Kampung Code, Yogyakarta
Authors: Khaerunnisa  , Koncuru Katarina Evelyn , Kwa Mikhellon
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the challenges of disaster evacuation in the high-density urban neighborhood of Kampung Code in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The rapid urbanization along riverbanks in the area has led to increased vulnerability to flooding and other environmental hazards. The study aims to identify the characteristics and challenges of circulation routes for supporting disaster evacuation in riverbank settlements like the Kampung Code. The research uses a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and observations, to gather data using a town-watching approach. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the specific characteristics of space in these areas to enhance community resilience and disaster recovery. The study occurred in Kampung Jogoyudan, one of the most populated areas along the Code River, and serves as a model for understanding and addressing evacuation challenges in other high-density urban environments.
Legal Regulations for Fair National Salt Pricing Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Dewi Titin , Jufri Muwaffiq , Da Silva Cristovao Adao , Mukhlis Mukhlis , Boemiya Helmy
Published: April 2024

So far, the problem has been the distribution of the salt harvest, which does not have a fixed price each harvest period. This is because there is no policy that specifically regulates the selling prices of salt farmers and entrepreneurs. Meanwhile, during the harvest period, farmers determine selling prices usually based on the weather and the success of the harvest, while entrepreneurs determine prices by looking at the market. In this case, there will be an imbalance and a point of instability in the salt distribution mechanism. The current salt pricing system is based on unstructured market practices and a lack of regulations that strictly regulate the pricing process. Salt farmers are often forced to rely on middlemen or large entrepreneurs who monopolize access to the salt market. The aim of this research is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the importance of regulations related to setting a fair national salt price for salt farmers. This research uses normative legal research methods with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of this research are so that salt farmers can easily and easily find out the quality of the salt they produce, the government makes policies related to national salt prices which can improve the quality of human resources and formulate regulations. which will determine salt quality criteria openly and the problems of legal regulation of salt prices in Indonesia, including limited access to capital for banks and financial institutions, effectiveness problems, unclear legal politics, and difficulties in coordinating with other laws and regulations, can be overcome. By revising Law No.7/2016. The conclusion of this research is that formulating policies related to salt production and pricing requires an integrated and comprehensive approach.
Characteristics of Illicit Enrichment as a Corruption Crime
Authors: Islamiah Cholifatul , Setyorini Erny Herlin
Published: April 2024

The practice of corruption in Indonesia has occurred systematically and widely in the life of society so that corruption can be called an extraordinary crime. In addition, the absence of illicit enrichment as a criminal offense in the corruption eradication law is a serious matter. Considering that Indonesia has ratified the UNCAC, which shows that Indonesia agrees to the provisions contained therein, including illicit enrichment. The purpose of this study is to identify and elucidate the traits that distinguish the crime of illicit enrichment from other forms of corruption. This study uses conceptual, comparative, and legislative methods to examine normative legal issues. The study's findings indicate that there are traits comprising multiple components that identify this illegitimate enrichment as a corrupt act. The court also determines the suspect's assets or money concerning the illicit enrichment crime. The court will evaluate the information submitted and decide if the targeted individual has unlawfully or illegally enriched themselves to establish whether the elements of inappropriate wealth and income have been proven and illicit enrichment has happened. The notable increase in wealth among public officials raises questions about whether they are the owners of assets obtained illegally. In light of this, controlling illicit enrichment is essential to the battle against corruption.
Presidential Nomination in the Indonesian Legal System
Authors: Askar Muhammad Afdhal
Published: April 2024

The background to writing this article was oligarchic practices in the Presidential Election process of the Republic of Indonesia. This writing aims to determine the causes of oligarchic practices and the importance of restructuring the presidential nomination process in the General Election in Indonesia. This research uses normative juridical research by testing positive legal norms with various theories and provisions for drafting laws. From this research, it is known that the practice of orligarchy occurs because the requirement for presidential nominations must be through a political party, while the internal processes of political parties are often not transparent because decisions are often made only by elite groups or the general chairman. This is not in accordance with the spirit of deliberation and popular sovereignty as stated in the 4th Principle of Pancasila and UUD NRI 1945. Therefore, the provisions of Article 222 of Law No.7/2017 which contain provisions for presidential nomination must be made more stringent by including provisions for the nomination process that more transparent through opportunities for access and evaluation of the community as voters.
Les traduccions d’autors neollatins en àmbit català entre 1880 i 1940
Authors: Coroleu Alejandro
Published: April 2024

Com en altres ambients culturals arreu d’Europa i Amèrica, a Catalunya l’estudi de la literatura neollatina ha suscitat l’interès d’investigadors, docents i traductors des dels anys 70 del segle passat. A més de grups de recerca i de publicacions especialitzades en els autors neollatins, la disciplina ocupa un lloc cada cop més rellevant en els departaments de Filologia Clàssica i d’altres filologies. Gràcies a iniciatives de diverses editorials catalanes tenim a l’abast també edicions bilingües d’obres d’autors neollatins catalans i forans. Aquesta atenció als textos neollatins té un precedent important en el període entre 1880 i 1940, quan es va publicar un grapat de traduccions d’autors renaixentistes d’origen italià i nord-europeu, a més de versions de Joan Lluís Vives.
Predicting Great Power War in a multipolar world: A structural realist framework
Authors: Kvernmo Eigil
Published: April 2024

This article employs structural realism indicators to predict the
likelihood of a great power war in today’s multipolar world. Focusing on
key indicators such as changes in the balance of power, alliance
systems, military expenditure, and the intensity of competition over
strategic resources and regions, the analysis aims to establish a
theoretical foundation for assessing the risk of conflict among major
powers in Europe and beyond. Drawing on historical precedents and
contemporary geopolitical trends, the study evaluates the dynamics of
international relations through the structural realist framework. By
examining the evolving power structures and strategic behaviors of major
states, the article seeks to identify patterns that may indicate an
increased risk of great power conflicts. The multifaceted approach
integrates both historical insights and current realities, offering a
comprehensive perspective on the potential triggers and dynamics of
great power wars in the complex landscape of a multipolar world. This
research contributes to a deeper understanding of the structural factors
that may influence the emergence of conflicts among major powers,
providing valuable insights for policymakers, scholars, and analysts
grappling with global security challenges.
History in Poetry and Truth in Selected American Poems of the Modern Era
Authors: Zahraa Hasan Neamah  , Asst. Prof. Shireen Shihab Hamad
Published: April 2024

الصراع بين التاريخ والشعر موجود منذ العصور القديمة لأفلاطون وأرسطو وحتى العصور اللاحقة. الجدل يصاحب مثل هذا الصراع على مر العصور. لذلك، تتعمق هذه الورقة في كيفية كشف الشعر عن حقيقة الأحداث التاريخية أو قصص الماضي. تهدف هذه الورقة إلى دراسة دور الشاعر كمؤرخ، وكيف يقدم الشعراء هذه الأحداث التاريخية بصدق، وكيف تحافظ هذه القصائد على هويتها الأدبية. تم اختيار قصيدتين أمريكيتين من العصر الحديث (1900-1940)،  قصيدة كاثرين رولستون فيشر "أليس بول" في (1918) و قصيدة روبنسون جيفرز "القمر والكواكب الخمسة" في (1940).
موقف تركيا من الغزو الأمريكي للعراق 2003
Authors: اياد عجاج فيان  , أ.م.د. سعاد حسن جواد
Published: April 2024

كان موقف تركيا من الاحتلال الأمريكي للعراق في عام 2003 معقدًا ومتغيرًا باستمرار نتيجة التطورات التي شهدتها ويمكن تلخيص الموقف التركي من الاحتلال الأمريكي للعراق على النحو التالي:

الموقف الأولي والحذر: في البداية، اتخذت تركيا موقفًا حذرًا ومترددًا تجاه الاحتلال الأمريكي للعراق. كانت تشعر بالقلق إزاء تداعيات الحرب المحتملة على استقرار المنطقة واقتصادها الوطني. كما أنها كانت تخشى من أن تنشأ دولة كردية مستقلة في شمال العراق وتكون مصدرًا للإلحاد الكردي داخل تركيا.

الانضمام إلى التحالف الأمريكي: بعد تقدم القوات الأمريكية في العراق واقتراب الحملة العسكرية من النجاح، قررت تركيا في وقت لاحق الانضمام إلى التحالف الدولي بقيادة الولايات المتحدة. هذا القرار جاء جزئياً استجابة للضغوط الدولية ولمصالحها الاقتصادية والسياسية.

المصالح الاقتصادية: ارتبطت تركيا اقتصاديًا بشكل كبير بالعراق، وخاصةً فيما يتعلق بالتجارة والنفط. وبعد تحرك الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية للاحتلال على العراق، تأثرت التجارة بين البلدين وتوقف تدفق النفط العراقي إلى تركيا مما أثر سلباً على اقتصادها. لذا كان لديها مصلحة في استعادة استقرار الأسواق والتجارة مع العراق.

القلق من انشاء دولة كردية: تركيا أبدت قلقها من احتمال تشكيل دولة كردية في شمال العراق، وهو ما دفعها إلى تعزيز تدخلها في الشؤون الداخلية العراقية وكردستان العراق من خلال اطلاق تصريحات وتهديدات باستمرا باجتياح شمال العراقي والتي ادعت بوجود تهديدات ارهابية من قبل حزب العمال الكردستاني الا ان الغاية الاساسية هو منع انشاء دولة كردية في شمال العراق ومحاولة الحد من التمرد الكردي داخل تركيا.

من الواضح أن موقف تركيا كان متأثرًا بمصالحها الاقتصادية والسياسية والأمنية، وقد تغير مع تقدم الأحداث في العراق وتحرك القوات الأمريكية. تراوحت ردود أفعالها من الحذر الأولي إلى الانضمام إلى التحالف الدولي لاحقًا بهدف تحقيق مصالحها وتعزيز علاقاتها الدولية
الهجرة الداخلية وآثارها في العراق
Authors: عدنان علي حاجم الصيادي  , أ. د لطيف هاشم الطائي
Published: April 2024

هدفت الدراسة  الى التعرف على الهجرة الداخلية واثارها في العراق من خلال استخراج معدل الهجرة الصافية بطريقة معدل النمو القومي، وقد تم الاعتماد على بيانات وزارة التخطيط والمؤسسات التابعة لها بأعتماد التعدادات السكانية للاعوام 1977 ،1978 و 1997 والتقديرات السكانية لعامي 2007 و2017 ، واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وقد تمت معالجة البيانات بواسطة برنامج الاكسل .

   توصلت الدراسة إلى ان معدلات صافي الهجرة قد تباينت بين عام واخر فقد سجلت ثمان محافظات  هجرة منها للمدة 1977-1978 و 1978-1997 لتنخفض الى ست محافظات للمدة 1997-2007 لتعاود الارتفاع الى سبع محافظات سجلت هجرة داخلية للمدة 2007-2017
النمذجة المكانية للخصائص النوعية لمياه أنهار دجلة والغراف والدجيلة في محافظة واسط
Authors: زهراء هادي عليوي  , أ.د حسين عذاب خليف الموسوي
Published: April 2024

تختلف الخصائص النوعية لمياه الانهار تبعاً للعديد من العوامل ومن اهمها درجة الحموضة اذ تعتبر من المؤثرات الرئيسية التي تحدد خصائص المياه السطحية للانهار ولا سيما الكائنات الحية الموجوده في المياه وتتأثر الحموضة بالتأثيرات الطبيعية والبشرية مثل تدفق المياه الصناعية والزراعية وتلوث الهواء ، بينما تؤثر درجة الحرارة على الكائنات الحية الموجودة والاوكسجين المذاب في الماء فضلاً عن تأثير العديد من العوامل الاخرى التي تؤثر على الخواص النوعية للمياه منها الاملاح والعكورة  وغيرها فضلاً عن تأثره بالمناخ والتضاريس والتدفق والتلوث والتغيرات الطبيعية والبشرية وبالتالي يجب الاهتمام بحفظ جوده مياه الانهار للحفاظ على البيئة والحياه النباتية والحيوانية الطبيعية فيها ، وتبين من خلال نتائج البحث ان غالبية العينات صالحة للاستعمال البشري
Moist Internally Cooled Convection
Authors: Agasthya Lokahith Narendra , Muller Caroline , Cheve Mathis
Published: April 2024

The response of clouds and moist-convective processes to heat-loss to space by long-wave radiative cooling is an important feedback in the earth's atmosphere. It is known that moist convection increases roughly in equilibrium with radiative cooling, an assumption often made in simplified models of the tropical atmosphere. In this study, we use an idealised 2D model of the atmosphere introduced by Vallis et. al. and incorporate a bulk-cooling term which is an idealisation of radiative cooling in the atmosphere. We briefly comment on the static stability of the system to dry and moist convection and characterise its moist convective response to changes in the bulk-cooling. We find that while the clear-sky regions of the model respond directly to the change in the cooling term, the regions dominated by moist convective plumes are insensitive to changes in cooling. Similar to previous findings from Cloud Resolving Models, we too find in our idealised setting that the majority of the increase in convection occurs via an increase in the areal coverage of convection, rather than intensity of convection. We argue that these small-scale convective processes are an upper-bound on how quickly convective intensity can change to stay in equilibrium with radiative cooling.
A Neurocognitive Framework for Psychedelics as Learning Opportunities
Authors: Mattek Sonny
Published: April 2024

Existing neurocognitive theories have mainly concentrated on the disruptive aspects of psychedelics, such as cognitive disruption, cortical-thalamic filtering disturbances, and disordered/entropic brain states, but they fail to fully account for the emergence of new beneficial behaviors, responses, and insights. This paper proposes a novel framework that shifts the focus from the disruptive aspects of serotonergic psychedelics to their potential as learning opportunities via the engagement of basic neurobiological learning mechanisms. We propose that serotonergic psychedelics promote new beneficial outcomes by activating the orienting response, mediated by the noradrenergic system. The orienting response, which organically occurs only in response to highly compelling and biologically relevant circumstances, leads to psychological and neurophysiological features characteristic of serotonergic psychedelic states. Additionally, there is evidence demonstrating the impact of serotonergic psychedelics on both classic orienting behavior and noradrenergic functioning. The orienting response disrupts ongoing neurocognitive processes to re-order attentional resources according to what is salient in the moment, thus harnessing the plasticity of the nervous system to generate adaptive responses based on learning new associations in real time. Framing psychedelic states as learning opportunities has implications for various aspects of therapeutic practice, including preparation, set and setting, dosage, and outcome measurement. For example, a minimum effective dose might vary depending on therapeutically relevant learning goals. We propose that this perspective can expand the therapeutic possibilities for serotonergic psychedelics, ultimately improving the ability to facilitate positive therapeutic outcomes.
THE IMPACT OF ZONING CHANGES ON AGRICULTURAL REAL ESTATE TURNOVER
Authors: Niewiadomski Adam
Published: April 2024

The revised planning and zoning regulations in 2023 create new rules for the shaping of space in a municipality. This is to be served by new legal acts which will become mandatory from 2025. This profound reform, not to say revolution in spatial planning, in some part also applies to agricultural land. The new legislation includes regulations relating to agricultural holdings. At the same time, the legislator does not introduce changes to the existing links between real estate turnover and spatial planning. In this respect, the article analyses the legal consequences of such a choice and proposes de lege ferenda postulates.
DEMOCRACY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Piotrowski Ryszard
Published: April 2024

If we accept that the democratic paradigm involves majority rule being constrained by human rights, including, in particular, the right to privacy, then the continuing encroachments on this paradigm must be seen as a threat to the foundations of democracy. A culture of respect for privacy comes as an indispensable condition for a human being to develop and nurture a personality aware of their individual identity, enabling him or her to assess the performance of public authority in a manner independent of the latter. In everyday practice, as it happens, people find their affairs to be increasingly determined by non-human factors, a result of the expansion of automated services and stock-exchange transactions, the internet of things, etc. The rules laid down by constitutions of democratic states are about the exercise of power by sovereign people, not by sovereign algorithms. Such a sovereignty is grounded in the freedom of choice, which involves dialogue, persuasion, and the deliberative process as a basis for making decisions. Artificial intelligence, in the currently existing forms, is not capable of reasoning based on knowledge and culture, nor can it conduct a dialogue in which it could be persuaded to change its view and thus accept a given arrangement. No instrument has been developed up to this day that would embrace a spiritual culture, which is intrinsic to humans.
TWILIGHT OF THE MERKEL ERA
Authors: Langenbacher Eric
Published: April 2024

Elections always have consequences, but the 2017 Bundestag election in Germany proved particularly consequential. With political upheaval across the globe—notably in Britain and the USA—it was vital to European and global order that Germany remain stable. And it did through the re-election of Angela Merkel as chancellor, now in her fourth term. Just under the surface, however, instability is mounting—exemplified by the entry of the right-wing Alternative for Germany (AfD) as the largest opposition party, the decline of the Social Democrats, the ever-restive Bavarians, and the growing factionalism within the Christian Democratic Union as the Merkel era comes to an end. Paying special attention to the rise of the AfD, this volume delves into the campaign, leading political figures, the structure of the electorate, the state of the parties, the media environment, coalition negotiations, and policy impacts.
LEWIS HENRY MORGAN'S COMPARISONS
Authors: Pfeffer Georg
Published: April 2024

About 150 years ago Lewis Henry Morgan compared relationship terminologies, societal forms and ideas of property to recognize the interdependence of the three domains. From a new perspective, the book re-examines, confirms and criticizes Morgan’s findings to conclude that reciprocal affinal relations determine most ‘classificatory’ terminologies and regulate many non-state societies, their property notions and their rituals. Apart from references to American and Australian features, such holistic socio-cultural constructs are exemplified by elaborate descriptions of little known contemporary Indigenous societies in Highland Middle India, altogether comprising many millions of members.
Creation of spring soft wheat varieties adaptive to the conditions of Western Siberia and Northern Kazakhstan using cytoplasm of other species
Authors: Pololzukhina N. A. , Mazepa N. G. , Pololzukhin P. V. , Yakunina N. A.
Published: April 2024

The creation of various varieties of spring soft wheat with a consistently high yield of highquality grain is the primary protection for ensuring food security where it is cultivated. Using interspecific and intraspecific solutions to solve these problems ensures their effectiveness. The purpose of the study was to adapt a variety of spring soft wheat to the conditions of Siberia and Kazakhstan based on the use of cytoplasms of other species. The object of the study is allocytoplasmic hybrids, allolinias, and varieties of spring soft wheat Melodiya and Voloshinka. Creation and evaluation of material at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Omsk Agrarian Research Center” (formerly State Scientific Institution Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture) at all stages of the selection process, preliminary inclusions, and environmental tests in the supporting institution of the Sib Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture “Stepnoy,” as well as in LLP. Pushkin (Republic of Kazakhstan) by the methodology of the State Commission for Variety Testing of Agricultural Crops. Based on multiple selection and selective processing, the selected samples were identified based on economically valuable traits. Lines G 125/00 (sorting Melodiya) and G 140/00 (sorting Voloshinka), after receiving state variety testing, were included in the State registers of protected and approved for use selection achievements of Russia and Kazakhstan, as well as an introduction into agricultural production.
Influence of biological products and seed storage duration on laboratory germination of spring wheat plants
Authors: Snigireva O. M. , Zhilin N. A. , Vedernikov Yu. E. , Batalova G. A. , Shchekleina L. M.
Published: April 2024

The research was conducted at the Federal Agrarian Research Center of the North- East named after N.V. Rudnitsky. The influence of the growth regulator Emistim R, the biological preparation Albit TPS (flowing paste), and the chemical disinfectant Bunker, VKS (aqueous suspension concentrate) on the sowing qualities of seeds during storage was studied. The material for the research was seeds and 14-day-old seedlings of the spring wheat variety Bazhenka, harvested from 2015 to 2019. In 2022, an analysis of the sowing qualities of seeds from the 2015–2019 harvest was carried out, as well as a phytopathological analysis of seedlings using the roll culture method. The initial germination of seeds in most study options and harvest years met the requirements of SS (State Standard) 52325–2005. The sample volume in each repetition is 25 grains, four repetitions, and the experiment duration is 14 days. After the end of the experiment, the length and weight of leaves and roots were measured. The spread (damage) and development of root rot were taken into account according to E. Goiman’s scale. It was shown that laboratory germination and the manifestation of root rot at the beginning of ontogenesis, in addition to the weather conditions of the harvest year, were influenced by the treatment of sown seeds and the spraying of crops with growth regulators. It has been established that in spring wheat Bazhenka, in variants using the growth regulator Albit with minor damage by root rot, the growth processes of roots and green mass are improved, and laboratory germination increases. The drug Emistim R probably does not have high fungicidal activity against pathogens of root infections of wheat since, in almost all variants of its use, the indicators of damage and disease development were higher than in control. Studies have established a close positive relationship (r = 0.82 at P ≥ 0.95) between these signs. A significant negative relationship (r = -0.93 at P ≥ 0.95) was found between seedling damage and laboratory seed germination. In the variants of treatment of seeds or crops with Albit, the length and weight of roots and leaves were predominantly higher than the control in seeds of all years of reproduction. The stimulating effect of the biological product Emistim R is more pronounced when treating seeds. A significant negative relationship was established between the infection of long seedlings and the weight of roots and seedlings (r = -0.88; -0.54; -0.76; -0.75 at P ≥ 0.95).
Resistance of samples of spring soft wheat of the world collection VIR to Puccinia recondite b conditions of the Orenburg cisdural Region
Authors: Timoshenkova T. A.
Published: April 2024

In the conditions of the steppe zone of the Orenburg region, the problem of increasing the resistance of grain production to abiotic and biotic stress factors is relevant. A dangerous biotic stress for wheat plants is leaf rust. With the constant process of morphogenesis in nature, it is necessary to search for sources and donors of resistance to pathogens in the specific conditions of the cultivation region for inclusion in the breeding process. To study the characteristics of the Puccinia recondite population, the genetic diversity of the world collection of spring soft wheat, and identify sources of resistance to leaf rust in the steppe conditions of the Orenburg Cis-Urals in 2017–2022. A field assessment of 140 samples was carried out. When considering the incidence of leaf rust, we used the methods of VIR (N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Growing) and VIZR (All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection). Studies of P. recondite samples have established the prevalence of pathogenic populations virulent to the genes Lr 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3bq, 3ka, 11, 14a, 14b, 15, 17, 18, 20 and Lr 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3bq, 3ka, 9, 11, 14a, 14b, 15, 17, 18, 20. These populations are avirulent to the genes Lr 9, 16, 19, 24, 44 and Lr 16, 19, 24, 44. High Juvenile resistance was demonstrated by the varieties Lavrusha, Novosibirskaya 91, Sibirskaya 16, OmGAU-90 (West Siberian eco group), Spurt and Tulaikovskaya 108 (forest-steppe Volga eco group), Azhurnaya (steppe southern eco group), Aktyube 3 (steppe eastern eco group), Hoffman (North American eco group) and Chelyaba 75 (forest-steppe eastern eco group). Under field conditions, samples k-64365 Taiga Niva were not affected by brown leaf rust; k-64867 Novosibirskaya 44; k-64886 Aktobe 27; k-64976 CDC Merlin; k-64998 Favorite; k-65006 Hoffman; k-65007 GNS-28; k-65128 Altaiskaya 110; k-65139 Saratovskaya 74; k-65145 Volkhitka; k-65147 Skorospelka 98; k-65253 Omskaya 41; k-65269 Pin Chum 11; k-65449 Mertsana and k-65450 Yaritsa. The selected samples are recommended for breeding improvement of spring soft wheat in the conditions of the Orenburg region.
Cadmium level in parenchymatous organs of landrace pigs
Authors: Zayko O. A. , Konovalova T. V. , Petukhov V. L.
Published: April 2024

The results of assessing the concentration of cadmium in the liver, kidneys, lungs, and spleen of Landrace pigs are presented. The studies were conducted on clinically healthy 6-month-old animals raised in a sizeable pig-breeding enterprise in the Altai Territory. The conditions for keeping the animals were standard; standard feeding was used for meat fattening. The level of cadmium in parenchymal organs was determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectral analysis. Data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel, the R programming language, and the RStudio data analysis environment version 2022.07.2+576 (RStudio, PBC). The need to use nonparametric criteria has been established. Considering the average values and medians, the authors formed an increasingly ranked series of cadmium content in organs: lungs < spleen < liver < kidneys, in numerical terms, focusing on the first statistical indicator: 1: 1.1: 2.1: 36.0.
New candidate genes associated with fat thickness in russian meat merino sheep
Authors: Krivoruchko A. Yu. , Kanibolotskaya A. A. , Skokova A. V. , Yatsyk O. A. , Sheludko P. A.
Published: April 2024

Identification of candidate genes and genetic markers associated with meat productivity in sheep using genome-wide association searches (genome-wide association studies, GWAS) is a promising area of genetic research. We conducted a genome-wide search for associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with thicker fat in the lumbar region in Russian beef Merino sheep. The object of the study was rams aged 12 months (n = 50). Fat density is achieved at the 1st–2nd lumbar spine level using a portable ultrasound scanner. Animal genotyping was done using Ovine Infinium HD BeadChip 600K DNA biochips. As a result of GWAS, 14 SNPs belonging to the trait “fat thickness” were identified in sheep of the Russian meat Merino breed. Most SNPs were located in the intergenic space. One SNP is localized in the exon, and two - in the intron of genes. Three substitutions are near the small nuclear RNA gene and one near the non-coding RNA gene. Based on the analyzed SNPs in the genome, five new candidate genes were proposed that are associated with growth in the lumbar region in Russian beef Merino sheep: KCNH8, MTERF4, RYBP, NDST3, ENSOARG00000004203. The study’s goal should be to study the structure of these genes for the mechanism of their action on animal phenotypes, and the identified SNPs can be used as new molecular markers in breeding work.
Testing of experimental brucellosis antigens in a stimulated cell test with nitroblue tetrazolium
Authors: Manakova O. O. , Yanchenko T. A. , Vlasenko V. S.
Published: April 2024

The results of testing experimental samples of brucellosis antigens as an operator when performing a stimulated activated cell test with nitroblue tetrazolium in vitro are presented. Experimental samples of brucellosis preparations from Brucella strains with different antigenic structures were used in laboratory conditions. Experimental studies were carried out on guinea pigs immunized with Brucella’s R-strain. The activity and specificity of additional samples and the optimal concentration providing the stimulating potential of neutrophils in the blood of immunized guinea pigs were determined. At the first stages of the study, it was noted that Brucella disintegrates. Corpuscular antigens in concentrations were 50 and 100 μg/ml, and this did not cause nonspecific activation of neutrophil granulocytes in the NBT test with the blood of intact animals. Subsequently, we studied the immune response dynamics of immunized guinea pigs in the NBT test using experimental samples of brucellosis antigens in optimal concentrations. The biomaterial selection for research was carried out before immunization and on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 42nd, 55th, 69th, and 125th day after vaccination. The stimulation coefficient was calculated as the ratio of the induced level of cellular activity to the spontaneous one. It was found that the maximum level of specific activation of neutrophils in the NBT test is characteristic exclusively on the 28th day, corresponding to the peak synthesis of agglutinating and complement-fixing antibodies in serological reactions. The data obtained from the experiment allow us to conclude that it is possible to use experimental samples of brucellosis antigens as a stimulant when performing an NBT test with the Foundation for determining the immune control of cellular restructuring of the body during the formation of the response.
Analysis of the impact of global climate change on the sustainability of beekeeping
Authors: Mitrofanov S. V. , Shestakova A. I. , Papaskiri T. V. , Savushkina L. N.
Published: April 2024

An analysis of studies on the problems of global climate change about honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) and the sustainability of beekeeping is presented. The research information base is represented by scientific electronic libraries and search engines: eLIBRARY.RU, Science Direct, Scopus, and ResearchGate portal. The analysis showed that global climate change hurts honey bees, having both a direct impact on bee colonies (reduced egg production of queens and larval survival, usury) and a limited impact on food supply (shift in the flowering season of plants, decreased nectar productivity) and pests. This may entail a decrease in the gross harvest of honey and other beekeeping products and an increase in beekeepers’ costs for caring for bees, including drugs to protect against pests and diseases and for the purchase or production of additional feed. In this regard, it is essential to continue further research in the field of global climate change for honey bees, which will allow us to develop more effective methods for their management and protection, as well as measures to reduce the adverse effects of climate change on the life cycle of bees. It has been established that beekeeping is not integrated into the development agenda. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of awareness among state and government authorities about the role of honey bees in rural farms and ecosystems. Additionally, there is a relatively low level of government support for beekeeping. Many countries do not have legislation regulating beekeeping and do not provide sufficient financial support for the development of the industry.
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of pomegranate peel powder extract
Authors: Patrakova I. S. , Gurinovich G. V. , Salishcheva O. V. , Patshina M. V. , Ivantsova K. A.
Published: April 2024

Domestic and foreign scientists are constantly working to find natural antioxidants that prove to consumers that they are safer and healthier. Various plant materials, including various processed fruits and vegetables, are valuable sources of antioxidants. These compounds include phenolic compounds, which can measure antioxidant activity against radicals and inhibit the oxidation of lipids and proteins. Leather ensures that the product’s by-products also provide a source of polyphenolic compounds that may provide an alternative to synthetic antioxidants. We have researched obtaining extracts from powdered pomegranate casings and assessing their antioxidant activity. A 40% aqueous ethanol and distilled water solution are used as extractants. Identification methods by UV spectroscopy have shown that the predominant components in certain extracts are phenols and phenolic acids, including gallic acid, as well as flavonoids and tannins, such as catechins and punicalagin. The obtained extracts showed scavenger activity towards DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals. At the same time, the antioxidant activity of the alcoholic extract against DPPH• was 3.6% higher than that of the aqueous extract. The activity of pomegranate peel powder extract towards the ABTS•+ radical cation did not depend on the nature of the solvent. The experimental data obtained allow us to consider extracts of powdered pomegranate casings as alternatives to synthetic antioxidants in the technology of meat and meat products.
Inheritance of quantitative traits and the effect of heterosis in first-generation soybean hybrids
Authors: Galichenko A. P.
Published: April 2024

The results of a selection and genetic analysis of the inheritance of essential economically beneficial traits by first-generation soybean hybrids according to the degree of phenotypic dominance and heterosis are presented. The authors considered an assessment of 18 hybrid soybean combinations based on four quantitative characteristics that make up productivity: the number of beans, the number of seeds, the weight of seeds per plant, and the weight of 1000 seeds. The research was conducted in the selection and primary seed production laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans in 2021–2022. Soybean samples for hybridization were selected using an ecological-geographical principle. The authors used the highly productive soybean varieties bred by the Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans as maternal forms: Sentyabrinka, Kukhanna; as paternal forms, varieties and samples from the American, European, and Asian ecological-geographical zones. The authors carried out the Artificial intraspecific hybridization in 2021 according to the method of K.K. Baby and T.P. Ryazantseva. As a result of the research, the nature of inheritance of the leading economically beneficial traits in intraspecific F1 soybean hybrids was determined. The degree of manifestation and magnitude of heterosis varied greatly depending on the combination of crossing and the trait being studied - from overdominance to depression. It has been established that the effect of heterosis and overdominance in all four indicators: the number of beans, the number of seeds, the weight of seeds per plant, and the weight of 1000 seeds (hp = 1.14–23.96; G = 2.85–23.26%) – recorded in two promising combinations with the paternal form from the American ecological-geographical zone: ♀ Sentyabrinka x ♂ Saska (Canada) and ♀ Kuhanna x ♂ Saska (Canada). A high degree of phenotypic dominance (hp = 1.65–18.54) and heterosis (G = 5.04–44.53%) in terms of the number of beans, the number of seeds, and the weight of seeds per plant were noted in combination with paternal forms from the American (♀ September x ♂ Kyoto (Canada)), European (♀ September x ♂ Cordoba (Austria)) and Asian (♀ September x ♂ Heihe 12 (PRC)) ecological-geographical zones. These hybrid combinations are of great interest in breeding research for high productivity in the Amur region.
Influence of treatment of grain seeds with natural adsorbents on the phytosanitary condition of seed material
Authors: Korobeinikov A. S. , Ashmarina L. F. , Kazantsev M. P.
Published: April 2024

In the conditions of Western Siberia, there is a problem of annual damage to grain crops by a complex of phytopathogens, which affects several qualities of seed material, such as germination, germination energy, etc. The conditions of grain formation and harvesting also influence these indicators. The accumulation of waste products of phytopathogens in grain leads to a deterioration in its organoleptic properties, a decrease in germination, and mycotoxins pose a danger to human health. Thus, processing seed material to protect it from diseases and pests is one of the most economical plant protection measures. At the same time, due to the many harmful properties of chemicals - such as environmental hazards and high processing costs - it becomes advisable to search for safer methods. In this work, natural adsorbents based on clays of various origins were used to study their effect on the phytosanitary state of grain seeds during post-harvest processing. The study examined such indicators of the phytosanitary state of seed material as the initial contamination of seeds before storage and the prevalence and indices of disease development in the tillering phase after treating seeds with various clays. The results showed that, in general, treatment with adsorbents has a beneficial effect on the phytosanitary condition of grain seeds. Treatment of spring wheat seeds with white clay led to significantly lower rates of prevalence and development of root rot. A similar result was obtained in an experiment with winter wheat when seeds were treated with red clay. On rye, a decrease in the development of root rot was observed when treated with white and yellow clays, and on barley – with white and red; in the experiment with yellow clay, no positive effect was observed on barley.
Biodegradable mulching materials for agriculture: technology and environmental safety
Authors: Nugmanov A. H.-H. , Titova L. M. , Bakin I. A. , Zhuravlev A. V.
Published: April 2024

Soil mulching is a common agricultural technique that reduces moisture loss, suppresses weeds, regulates soil temperature, and generally increases yield. Traditionally, low-density polyethylene is used for these purposes due to its mechanical and barrier properties, resistance to all forms of degradation, simple processing of cover soil, and low cost. However, using polyethylene has several artificial and environmental risks associated with difficult biodegradability, the difficulty of its removal after the harvest cycle, and final disposal. Therefore, there is great interest in the use of biodegradable mulch films. Two groups of materials most suitable for producing biodegradable coatings are polysaccharides of natural origin and biopolymers of synthetic origin. Technological methods for producing biopolymers from raw natural material by extraction from biomass and chemical or biotechnological methods are analyzed. Data are presented on the potential of biodegradable mulch materials of natural origin, films based on polysaccharides, synthetic polymers, and those applied as a solution for possible replacement of traditional mulch materials. A comparison was made of the compositions of biodegradable coatings, their properties, and their effects when used. The prospects and ways of introducing biodegradable film materials into agricultural practice are summarized.
Identity Politics and a New Civic Ethic in Europe: A Legal Analysis
Authors: Лосев Варнава
Published: April 2024

Политику идентичности по своей сущности можно определить как деятельность государства по формированию солидарности людей в рамках существующих административно-территориальных границ. Другими словами, данный термин подразумевает под собой разного рода усилия государства по укреплению единства своего народа и формированию национальной (или наднациональной) идеи в гражданском обществе. Но кроме государства, в политике идентичности участвуют и другие акторы (социальные агенты), которые способны влиять на формирование представления о сообществе. Часто они составляют конкуренцию государству. Государство в такой ситуации имеет исключительные возможности и должно защищать свой культурный суверенитет. В ситуации, когда государство будет бездействовать в проведении собственной политики идентичности, возникает опасность сильного внешнего вмешательства со стороны других государств или властных элит, чаще с помощью НПО, что обычно приводит к потере суверенитета. Цель данной статьи заключается в акцентировании внимания на этом явлении, и выявить угрозы, которые несет оно, для современного христианства.

Identity politics, in its essence, can be defined as the activity of the state to build the solidarity of people within existing administrative-territorial boundaries. In other words, the term refers to various kinds of efforts by the state to strengthen the unity of its people and the formation of a national (or supranational) idea in civil society. However, besides the state, there are other actors (social agents) involved in identity politics, who are able to influence the shaping of perceptions of a community. These actors often compete with the state. In such situations, the state has extraordinary power and needs to protect its cultural sovereignty. In a situation where the state fails to act in implementing its own identity politics, there is a risk of strong external interference from other states or power elites, more often with the help of NGOs, which usually results in a loss of sovereignty.The purpose of this article is to focus on this phenomenon and to identify the threats it poses to contemporary Christianity.
Study of the peculiarities of social and spatial relations in the settlement system of Chernivtsi region
Authors: Zablotovska Natalia , Stankоvska Yuliia , Babuschak Oleh
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the compliance of the actual formation and functioning of territorial communities with the methodological recommendations. Using territorial communities as an example, the text highlights both the successes and shortcomings of meeting the fundamental social requirements of the local population, such as educational, healthcare, and administrative services. It identifies disparities in the arrangement of social and spatial connections within the Chernivtsi region's communities. Indeed, some communities do not meet the territorial and demographic requirements for formation, and certain social infrastructure institutions may not function as intended, which is not addressed in the languages of the TCs. Consequently, we must acknowledge that administrative-territorial reform will cause changes in the structure of local and regional settlement systems. The driving force behind these structural modifications is the socio-spatial connections.

Keywords: administrative-territorial structure, decentralization, settlement systems, socio-spatial relations, territorial accessibility.
Processos formativos no ensino dos saberes pré-colombianos com ênfase na vida de Atahualpa
Authors: Guevara Burgos Juanita Irene , Barros Morales Franklin Mario , Proaño Cobos Marcelo Ludgardo , Medina Quizhpe Manuel Asunción
Published: April 2024

O conhecimento pré-colombiano é essencial para compreender a história do continente, especialmente do Equador. O objetivo é analisar os diferentes critérios sobre a identidade, dando ênfase à vida de Atahualpa e ao conhecimento pré-colombiano; foi aplicada uma investigação de tipo misto, utilizando um inquérito digital como instrumento, que foi aplicado a um grupo de estudantes universitários, licenciados e professores. As técnicas utilizadas foram o desenho de triangulação concorrente e a pesquisa documental. Os resultados do estudo mostram que 66,7% dos inquiridos consideram que Atahualpa nasceu no reino de Quito e 16,7% no reino de Cusco. Vários cronistas coloniais debateram a origem de Atahualpa. Embora as fontes sejam questionáveis, as suas posições geraram um debate histórico de longa duração.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Islami, Reward, dan Punishment tarhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Motivasi Kerja sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada Karyawan Brownies Cinta Karanganyar
Authors: Shintianingsih Erisa Nabilah , Utomo Budi
Published: April 2024

This research was conducted to determine the influence of Islamic leadership style, reward and punishment on employee performance with work motivation as a moderating variable for Brownies Cinta Karanganyar employees. The research method used is a quantitative method with a saturated sample technique. Data collection in this research was carried out by distributing questionnaires to Brownies Cinta Karanganyar employees with a population and sample of 50 employees. From the results of the analysis carried out, it was found that (1) Islamic Leadership Style has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. (2) Rewards have a negative and significant effect on employee performance. (3) Punishment has no significant effect on employee performance. (4) Work Motivation is unable to moderate Islamic Leadership Style on Employee Performance. (5) Work motivation is unable to moderate rewards for employee performance. (6) Work Motivation is unable to moderate punishment of employee performance