bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the Properties of Aqueous Foams Stabilized by Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide in Terms of Free Drainage and Bubble Size
Authors: Wang Junchao , Cao Yijun , Li Guosheng , Li Shulei , Wang Yingwei , Ma Zilong , Xing Yaowen
Published: February 2019

Although foams stabilized by surfactants have been the subject of massive investigations and great achievements were made over the past few years, many questions concerning their properties are still not well understood. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) concentration on the foam properties and illustrate the interaction between liquid drainage and bubble size evolution. Experiments were carried out at varying CTAB concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 times the critical micelle concentration (CMC), where the variation of the liquid content of foam and bubble size was simultaneously determined using a commercially available FoamScan device. The results showed that the foam properties (both foamability and foam stability) of CTAB were largely dependent on the surfactant concentration when concentrations c < CMC but this effect did not scale linearly with concentration. When c ≥ CMC, both foamablity and foam stability were nearly concentration independent, while the latter showed a small decrease due to the formation of micelles. In addition, the correlation between free drainage and bubble size evolution indicated that the increase of bubble size could indeed enhance the foam drainage.
Ab initio thermal rate coefficients for H + NH3 ⇌ H2 + NH2
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Lam , Stanton John F.
Published: February 2019

The reversible reaction NH3 + H ⇌ H2 + NH2, which plays an important role in NH3 fuel combustion, is studied with a theoretical approach that combines the high‐accuracy extrapolated ab initio thermochemistry (HEAT) protocol with semiclassical transition state theory (SCTST). The calculated forward reaction is endothermic by 11.8 ± 1 kJ/mol, in nearly perfect agreement with the active thermochemical tables (ATcT) value of 11.5 ± 0.2 kJ/mol. Using this improved thermochemistry yields better rate constants, especially at low temperatures. Experimental rate constants available from 400 to 2000 K for the forward and reverse reaction pathways can be reproduced (within 20%) by the calculations from first principles.
Long‐term quality of life after definitive treatment of sinonasal and nasopharyngeal malignancies
Authors: Tyler Matthew A. , Mohamed Abdallah S.R. , Smith Joshua B. , Aymard Jeremy M. , Fuller Clifton D. , Phan Jack , Frank Steven J. , Ferrarotto Renata , Kupferman Michael E. , Hanna Ehab Y. , Gunn Gary B. , Su Shirley Y.
Published: February 2019

Objective

To evaluate long‐term global and site‐specific health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients treated for sinonasal and nasopharyngeal malignancies.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional.

Methods

One hundred fourteen patients with sinonasal and nasopharyngeal malignancies received surgery, radiation, systemic chemotherapy, or a combination thereof, with curative intent. Validated global ([EuroQol‐5D] Visual Analogue Scale [EQ‐5D VAS]) and disease‐specific instruments (MD Anderson Symptom Inventory–Head and Neck [MDASI‐HN], Anterior Skull Base Questionnaire [ASBQ]) were administered to patients who were both free of disease and had completed treatment at least 12 months previously. Associations between instruments, instrument domains, and specific clinical parameters were analyzed.

Results

The median age was 55 years. The mean EQ‐5D VAS, MDASI‐22 composite score, and ASBQ score were 74 (standard deviation [SD] 21), 48 (SD 36), and 130 (SD 27), respectively. The most frequently reported high‐severity items in MDASI‐HN were dry mouth and difficulty tasting food. The most frequently reported high‐severity items in ASBQ were difficulty with smell and nasal secretions. Advanced Tumor (T) classification was associated with worse overall ASBQ sum score (P = 0.02). ASBQ performance at home and MDASI‐HN drowsy symptom items independently predicted worse global HRQoL as measured by the EQ‐5D VAS (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Global HRQoL for survivors of sinonasal and nasopharyngeal malignancies after multimodality treatment approximates that of the U.S. population for the same age group. ASBQ and MDASI‐HN correlate well with global HRQoL outcomes as measured by EQ‐5D VAS. MDASI‐HN and ASBQ elicited unique symptoms, highlighting the complex symptom burden experienced by these patients. Further studies should identify patients predisposed to reduced long‐term QOL.

Level of Evidence

3 Laryngoscope, 130:86–93, 2020
Spectrally accurate energy‐preserving methods for the numerical solution of the “good” Boussinesq equation
Authors: Brugnano Luigi , Gurioli Gianmarco , Zhang Chengjian
Published: February 2019

In this paper we study the geometric numerical solution of the so called “good” Boussinesq equation. This goal is achieved by using a convenient space semi‐discretization, able to preserve the corresponding Hamiltonian structure, then using energy‐conserving Runge–Kutta methods in the Hamiltonian boundary value method class for the time integration. Numerical tests are reported, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Cervical lymphatic malformations: Prenatal characteristics and ex utero intrapartum treatment
Authors: Shamshirsaz Alireza A. , Stewart Kelsey A. , Erfani Hadi , Nassr Ahmed A. , Sundgren Nathan C. , Mehollin‐Ray Amy R. , Morris Shaine A. , Espinoza Jimmy , Sanz Cortes Magdalena , Cassady Christopher , Lee Timothy C. , Castro Eumenia C. , Olutoye Olutoyin A. , Mehta Deepak K. , Cass Darrell , Olutoye Oluyinka O. , Belfort Michael A.
Published: February 2019

Background

The ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) is utilized to transition fetuses with prenatally diagnosed airway obstruction to postnatal life. We describe the unique clinical course, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of patients with cervical lymphatic malformation (CLM) managed with EXIT.

Methods

Review of fetuses with diagnosed CLM was delivered by EXIT (2001‐2018) in a tertiary referral fetal center. Outcomes included survival, tracheostomy at discharge, neonatal course after delivery, and pulmonary hypoplasia. Data are reported as median [range] and rate (%).

Results

Out of 45 patients delivered by EXIT, 10 were delivered for CLM: seven had polyhydramnios, one had nonimmune hydrops, five delivered preterm, and three were emergency EXITs. The EXIT time and estimated blood loss were 125 minutes (95, 158) and 900 mL (500, 1500), respectively. Airway was secured in all. There was one neonatal death (day 8) with prematurity, sepsis, and pulmonary hypoplasia. Three out of nine were discharged with a tracheostomy.

Conclusion

In CLM, close monitoring for structural neck involvement and development of polyhydramnios are important and may be an indication for EXIT as the optimal delivery mode. An experienced multidisciplinary team is a key factor for an effective approach to the obstructed airway in CLM.
Preparation of pH and temperature dual‐sensitive molecularly imprinted polymers based on chitosan and N‐isopropylacrylamide for recognition of bovine serum albumin
Authors: Dong Xiangzhi , Ma Yong , Hou Chunping , Zhang Baoliang , Zhang Hepeng , Zhang Qiuyu
Published: February 2019

pH and temperature dual‐sensitive protein imprinted microspheres with high absorption capacity have been successfully synthesized on the surface of SiO2 using chitosan grafted N‐isopropylacrylamide (CS‐g‐NIPAM) as the pH and temperature sensitive monomer, with acrylamide as comonomer, N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide as the crosslinking agent and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the template protein. The pH and temperature dual‐sensitivity was also investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity and imprinting factor improved slowly with increasing incubation pH from 4.6 to 7.0, and then decreased sharply in alkaline conditions due to the reduction of non‐specific binding from electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the polymers. The as‐prepared SiO2@BSA molecularly imprinted polymers were also found to have high adsorption capacity (119.88 mg g−1) within 2 h, an excellent imprinting factor (α = 2.25), specific selectivity and good reusability. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of photocaged diamines and their application in photoinduced self‐assembly
Authors: Barra Tomas , Arrue Lily , Urzúa Esteban , Ratjen Lars
Published: February 2019

The photochemical cleavage of covalent bonds is an important strategy in protection group chemistry, as well as for the triggering of chemical events posterior to the application of the physicochemical stimulus. Photocages allow the arresting and traceless liberation of a chemical entity, which can be broadly applied as a functional control element in materials chemistry and the life sciences in general. Among the best studied and most versatile light‐sensitive protecting groups known to date rank the o‐nitrobenzyl derivatives, entities which are easily introduced to amines, thiols, and alcohols. Their photolability relies on a phototautomerisation‐induced cleavage mechanism, a phenomenon largely dependent on the substitution pattern of the aromatic ring in the o‐nitrophenyl‐moiety. Although well described and studied in detail for the protection of amino groups of different nature, the photocaging of aliphatic diamines has not been described in detail to date. Because of their interesting properties as synthons in supramolecular and polymer chemistry alike, we wish to describe the efficient photocaging of diamines with o‐nitrobenzyl derivatives, their photocleavage behavior over time, as well as their application in a photoinduced templated self‐assembly reaction towards cyclic imines.
Demographic and cancer‐related differences between self‐seeking patients and supported patients: Analysis of cancer information–service data
Authors: Reifegerste Doreen , Czerwinski Fabian , Rosset Magdalena , Baumann Eva , Kludt Evelyn , Weg‐Remers Susanne
Published: February 2019

Objective

Surrogate information seeking is quite common, and several studies have presented data on caregivers, family members, and friends who seek health information on the Internet or from a cancer‐information service (CIS) on behalf of cancer patients. However, these studies provide little information about the patients who are supported by surrogate seekers. Therefore, this study analyzed demographic and cancer‐related differences, including diverse informational needs, between self‐seeking patients and patients who benefited from surrogate seekers (ie, caregivers, family, or friends) requesting information on their behalf.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective audit of phone and e‐mail inquiries to a German CIS between January and December 2016 from self‐seeking patients (n = 13 723) and surrogate information seekers, as well as the corresponding supported patients (n = 6696).

Results

Supported patients were more likely to be males (P < 0.001), older than self‐seeking patients (P < 0.001), and older than the corresponding surrogate seekers (P < 0.001). They were also more likely to be in the diagnostic or palliative stage (P < 0.001) and were less likely to suffer from breast cancer or prostate cancer (P < 0.001) than self‐seeking patients. There were significant differences in the CIS requests of self‐seekers and surrogate seekers.

Conclusions

The results point to different support needs of self‐seekers and surrogate seekers. Thus, surrogate seekers and their corresponding supported patients should be seen as a separate target group to self‐seeking patients, with the former requiring informational and emotional support on diverging topics and at different disease stages.
Macrophage activation syndrome due to Nocardia spp in a pediatric patient with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Şişmanlar Eyüboğlu Tuğba , Aslan Ayşe T. , Ramaslı Gursoy Tugba , Onay Zeynep R. , Kocak Ulker , Aktas Tapısız Anıl
Published: February 2019

Nocardia spp is a gram‐positive aerobic filamentous bacteria that causes pulmonary and systemic infections, especially in patients with immunosuppression or chronic lung diseases. It is rarely reported in children with cystic fibrosis. Macrophage activation syndrome is a life‐threatening disease with an excessive inflammatory response usually triggered by infections. There are few reports in cystic fibrosis related to macrophage activation syndrome. Herein we report a child with cystic fibrosis who had macrophage activation syndrome due to Nocardia infection.
Leader of the pack: On plagiarism prevention through research group enculturation
Authors: Buchanan George , McKay Dana
Published: February 2019

Mispractice by researchers—plagiarism in particular—is, according to the research evidence enculturated within research groups. We interview a small sample of senior academics with a clean record regarding plagiarism, to investigate what has influenced their practice, and how they in turn influence the research groups and research students that they oversee. Our aim is to understand what strategies enculturate good practice. We point to surprisingly complex interactions between technology and culture.
Modeling social support scores using phone use patterns
Authors: Ghosh Isha , Singh Vivek K.
Published: February 2019

Social support is a fundamental concept of interactional behavior and has been consistently linked with higher levels of emotional and physical well‐being. Social support has been shown to be an effective coping mechanism in managing stress and depression and to provide positive experiences that directly enhance overall well‐being and quality of life. The measurement and quantification of social support has generated a great deal of interest in the behavioral science community over the past 10 years. The dominant approach for quantifying individual social support remains self‐reported surveys and generator‐methods, which are costly, attention‐consuming, and fraught with biases. Given the important role played by mobile phones in mediating human social lives, this study explores the use of phone metadata (call and SMS logs) to automatically infer an individual's social support. Based on Sherbourne and Stewart's Modified Social Support survey (MSSS) as ground truth and ten‐week phone data collection for 55 participants, we report that multiple call and SMS based social features are intrinsically associated with social support and perform better than DEMOGRAPHY‐BASED models.
UNIX time, UTC, and datetime: Jussivity, prolepsis, and incorrigibility in modern timekeeping
Authors: Hauser Elliott
Published: February 2019

This paper examines the three entangled systems of the UNIX time data format, the UTC time standard, and the various administratively defined datetimes used to give specific moments in time names. Due to the increasing prevalence of Linux and Unix‐based systems, a large majority of computing devices, from phones to Web servers, utilize these interlocking systems to structure time. The assemblage as a whole is briefly described, from UNIX time integers to the empirical measurements of atomic vibrations and the earth's rotation within its celestial frame, to the open source Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) maintained time zone database, which declares a distinct name for each instant within the hundreds of administrative time zones world wide. Three theoretical concepts of jussivity, prolepsis and incorrigibility are operationalized to distinguish each system's contribution to the computational assemblage of modern timekeeping. Bowker's conception of the jussive Archive is used to frame the inquiry, foregrounding the things that these timekeeping practices help us exclude and forget. Calendrical prolepsis is examined as what Siegert calls a cultural technique, one that enables each of these systems to extend its reach into the past and condition our conception of any possible future. Each of these systems utilizes the unique and under‐appreciated abilities of digital systems to enact a kind of incorrigibility, which I argue is inextricably linked with what Hayles has called the cognitive nonconscious. By better understanding the jussive, proleptic, and incorrigible powers deployed in the massive cognitive assemblage that arrays vibrations of atoms alongside celestial mechanics to locate our present, past and future, we open up new possibilities for intervening in these technics. Understanding these dynamics may allow future temporal information systems to therapeutically influence our cognition and our consciousness of time. This paper is intended to provide theoretical support for such efforts.
Characterizing transgender health issues in Twitter
Authors: Karami Amir , Webb Frank , Kitzie Vanessa L.
Published: February 2019

Although there are millions of transgender people in the world, a lack of information exists about their health issues. This issue has consequences for the medical field, which only has a nascent understanding of how to identify and meet this population's health‐related needs. Social media sites like Twitter provide new opportunities for transgender people to overcome these barriers by sharing their personal health experiences. Our research employs a computational framework to collect tweets from self‐identified transgender users, detect those that are health‐related, and identify their information needs. This framework is significant because it provides a macro‐scale perspective on an issue that lacks investigation at national or demographic levels. Our findings identified 54 distinct health‐related topics that we grouped into 7 broader categories. Further, we found both linguistic and topical differences in the health‐related information shared by transgender men (TM) as compared to transgender women (TW). These findings can help inform medical and policy‐based strategies for health interventions within transgender communities. Also, our proposed approach can inform the development of computational strategies to identify the health‐related information needs of other marginalized populations.
Reconceptualizing superwork for improved access to popular cultural objects
Authors: Lee Jin Ha , Jett Jacob , Cho Hyerim , Windleharth Travis , Disher Thomas , Kiryakos Senan , Sugimoto Shigeo
Published: February 2019

In the context of popular culture, a successful work or a work with broad cultural or scientific impact often prompts the publication of many derivative works across multiple formats and by multiple creators, works that share elements with the original work such as topics, characters or universes. We argue for reconceputalization of the “Superwork” entity to aggregate these relevant works into a single bibliographic entity about which facts in the form of metadata, exploitable by library users, can be recorded. In this paper, we aim to conduct a deeper investigation of the superwork concept and establish an initial definition for and some boundaries of the concept. In order to further develop the idea of superwork, we provide a prominent example and explain different characteristics of superwork identified via entity analysis. We conclude by discussing examples showcasing the multiple challenges for conceptualizing and representing superwork.
Are there different types of online research impact?
Authors: Lemke Steffen , Mehrazar Maryam , Mazarakis Athanasios , Peters Isabella
Published: February 2019

While web‐based indicators for scientific impact – so‐called altmetrics – have an increasing uptake as means for research evaluation, many questions regarding their actual meanings remain unanswered. In this article we analyse the data from a survey about researchers' use of 107 online actions that underlie potential altmetrics to discover whether certain types of altmetrics (1) better reflect the judgments of researchers from certain career stages and (2) more reliably capture positive judgments than others. We apply variance analyses to reveal significant differences between the frequencies with which early‐stage researchers and professors perform various actions whose occurrences are counted as impact metrics (e.g., downloading, liking, or sharing of scientific publications). The findings imply varying degrees of representation of these groups in respective altmetrics. Moreover, by investigating how commonly various types of actions are used to express positive judgments, we disclose how reliably metrics can be used as proxies for positive impact. Our findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the meaning of different web‐based metrics for scholarly impact and provide a basis for evidence‐based guidelines on how to use and interpret them.
Chinese collective trolling
Authors: Sun Honglei , Fichman Pnina
Published: February 2019

The vast majority of research on online trolling focused on Western cultures. Given the role context plays in shaping online interactions, it is important to take into account its socio‐cultural context and investigate the role of national culture, by conducting research into trolling in Eastern cultures. In this paper, we attempt to begin addressing this gap by focusing on Chinese collective trolling, looking at Sina Weibo's PG One case. Specifically, we aim to identify who are the major players, what are the metaphors they use, and what are the major trolling tactics employed in Chinese collective trolling event. Using a mixed‐method approach, we analyzed 2,004 posts and 9,967 comments on Sina Weibo's PG One case, of which 480 were sampled for thematic content analysis. Major contributions of this study include an account of collective trolling in Chinese cultural context that is characterized by role switching between trolls, bystanders, and victims during the various stages of the event. We conclude with suggestion for future research directions.
Cultivating data expertise: Learning strategies & conditions for research institutions
Authors: Thompson Cheryl A.
Published: February 2019

Data management has been identified as an emerging area of practice for science and scholarship. Research institutions are faced with the need for well‐trained staff with the expertise and competence to manage and share high‐quality research data products. This paper reports the results of a study into how a large geoscience research center with mature data services and systems developed and cultivated data expertise. Employing a case study approach and qualitative methodology, the study investigates the learning process for preparing workers for new data management responsibilities. Key outcomes include a set of learning strategies and conditions that support data expertise development that may be applied in other contexts. This paper shifts the conversation from ‘what’ data skills to ‘how’ to cultivate these skills in an organization.
Decolonizing archival description: Can linked data help?
Authors: Douglas Jennifer , Bak Greg , McLellan Evelyn , van Hooland Seth , Frogner Raymond
Published: February 2019

Archival description documents the provenance of records, their interrelationships, and the processes of their creation. The concept of archival provenance was first elaborated in the context of 19th‐century European archival institutions and reflects particular socio‐historical perspectives on the nature of records and recordkeeping. Decolonizing archival description is a necessity, not only because it contributes to the discoverability of Indigenous knowledge woven into records of shared provenance, but also because it disrupts traditional concepts of singular provenance, calls attention to complex processes of records creation, and permits more expansive understanding of record contexts. Linked data appears to (1) promise the ability to represent complex multiple provenances, (2) promote multiple perspectives on the creation of records and (3) allow archives and Indigenous communities to work together to implement what the First Nations Information Governance Centre has characterized as Indigenous ownership, control, access and possession of records of shared provenance. From a variety of perspectives, this panel provides a critical analysis of linked data as a candidate solution for decolonizing archival description.
What do we do about “fake news” and other forms of false information: The roles of the organization of false information, professional ethics and information literacy?
Authors: Oltmann Shannon M. , Froehlich Thomas J. , Agosto Denise E.
Published: February 2019

False information, of which the most dominant types in the current disinformation marketplace are fake news or disinformation, seems to be ubiquitous these days, with little certainty about how to solve the problems they bring. In this panel, we discuss a taxonomy of types of false information, which will help us better understand the phenomenon and how to address it. We note that simply restricting access to or censoring false information will likely be ineffective and counter to professional information ethics. Instead, the way forward is to promote and practice meaningful information literacy.
Infrastructural justice and the social consequences of occupational classifications
Authors: Smiraglia Richard P. , Day Ronald E. , Jansen Eva Hourihan , Barre Kathryn La
Published: February 2019

This panel builds on the momentum of previous SIG/CR workshops towards examining the framing and scaffolding of knowledge in order to understand its bearing on seeking, reception, circulation and use of knowledge in research and knowledge organization systems. It features reports of research undertaken in North America and Europe relating to social and economic classifications of the International Labour Organization of the United Nations. It considers how the narrative arc of the field of information science exists in relation to social divisions of labour represented in occupational classification. Panelists will present new research and engage participants in discussion about trajectories for future research in knowledge organization.
The values and design of emerging medical biotechnologies: A grounded theory analysis of TED talks
Authors: Bloch Beth Strickland
Published: February 2019

The nonprofit TED organization currently hosts over 2800 videos on their website about topics related to Technology, Entertainment, and Design. The average video receives over one million views and serves as an influential tool for how the public thinks about the role of technology in their daily lives. In this work in progress, a values and design approach is used to consider what values are indicated by TED speakers when they present emerging medical biotechnologies to the general viewing public. Over 50 TED talks are identified as discussing these technologies at various stages of design: theoretically, in development, and currently tested. The transcripts of these videos are coded using a grounded theory approach to identify how values are used to present these emerging technologies. Preliminary results suggest that theoretical biotechnologies are discussed in more extreme utopian and dystopian views, but that the intensity of these views lessen when the technologies presented are further along in the development process. Biotechnologies currently tested on humans are more likely to be described using standard social values like privacy, sustainability, and human welfare. The values used to discuss these technologies suggests important ethical implications regarding the role they should occupy in society.
Collaboration makes global digital libraries sustainable and ethical
Authors: Chou Charlene
Published: February 2019

With swiftly increasing projects of digital scholarship and digital libraries in recent years, many project leaders have shared concerns about the long‐term financial sustainability of their platforms. The lack of a long term plan of system maintenance and funding will undermine the richness and functionalities of a digital library. Project leaders express their concerns and needs about effectively allocating financial resources and subject expertise. Without strong collaborations and communications between scholars and cultural institutions, we risk duplicating efforts for similar research projects or creating gaps between the knowledge and expertise in different communities. Shareable across multilingual or multicultural communities, open access digital resources have increasing impact. However, sharing at a large scale is not without issues and challenges. This poster will present a framework to keep global digital libraries sustainable and ethical. The author proposes a workflow to create and maintain digital libraries as ecosystems, and includes a flowchart for visual presentation. Collaboration, interoperability and sustainability are key to the vision of digital libraries able to communicate with each other. When a digital library infrastructure anchors digital scholarly methods in the workflows, digital libraries will truly become a scholarly cyberspace and provide added‐value services to global users in future.
Augmented and virtual reality technologies: Bridging practice and research in the academic library
Authors: Colegrove Patrick Tod
Published: February 2019

This paper offers practical insights and lessons learned from over five years of direct experience provisioning and supporting augmented and virtual reality equipment as lendable technology. A pragmatic exploration of one academic library's experience in the development, sustainability, and evolution of augmented and virtual reality technology and associated services. Analyzed and critiqued in comparison to traditional library materials and services, the novel library collection is bridging the gap between learning, research, and practice. Library support is proving to be critical path: from the initial development of the lending technology collections, through the collaborative development of mixed reality equipment, spaces, and software. Specific details associated with the library's current state of practice are shared, including specifics as to working systems for both the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift equipment on dedicated mobile workstations available throughout the library. Collaborations with departments including Computer Science & Engineering, as well as the School of Journalism, have proven to be a natural outcome of the library's support: joint effort resulting in the development of numerous dedicated mobile augmented and virtual reality software development stations throughout the library, and resultant exhibit development.
Radical inclusion: immersive 360‐degree video capture, dissemination, and use of emerging technology in support of traditional archival roles at a university library
Authors: Colegrove Patrick Tod , Mikel Michael
Published: February 2019

This paper presents preliminary findings of a work‐in‐progress, a project operating in the overlap of virtual reality technology and the traditional role of libraries, archives, and museums in the preservation of archives, records, and cultural heritage materials. Currently in its third year of operation, the Radical Inclusion project has been utilizing consumer grade technology to capture, preserve, and disseminate unique cultural and historical experiences in immersive VR & 360‐degree video format. Presented as a case study, detailed examples include workflows associated with the capture, post‐processing, and dissemination of content associated with large‐scale artwork installations: from in‐depth exchanges and documentation of projects in the process of construction, to experiential vignettes from the Burning Man event that occurs in the Black Rock Desert. Archival collections are shared more broadly to “radically include” individuals and to preserve the experience for the future so that people can study and better understand thoughts and inspirations of the artists and fellow participants. Associated detail includes specific workflows developed and software; ethical considerations and practice surrounding the capture, sharing, and sustainability of the collection; and the potentially novel hybrid use of use of Islandora and Kaltura as web platform for distribution.
#Supporting the cause: An analysis of how government agencies use Twitter hashtags
Authors: DePaula Nic
Published: February 2019

One of the main characteristics of social media is the use of hashtags, and one of the growing and important group of actors in this environment are government agencies. However, how government agencies use hashtags has not been addressed in the scholarly literature. By definition, hashtags always serve to help index content. However, they are also reflective of information campaigns, perspectives on social issues as well as explicit calls for action. In this preliminary study I explore how U.S. federal government agencies have used Twitter hashtags during 2016 and 2017, under the Obama and Trump administrations. I present empirical results on the most used hashtags across both administrations as well as the purposes for which they wore adopted.
Digital humanities, libraries, and crowdsourcing: Foundations of digital textual technologies
Authors: Gibson Twyla , Murray Stuart J. , Erdelez Sanda , Disney Bridget A. , Greenspan Brian
Published: February 2019

The Greek Key is a prototype Virtual Research Environment (VRE) for the analysis of patterns in ancient texts and manuscripts. A Powerpoint presentation demonstrates how the VRE functions through a comparative case study of the organization of information in Plato and Aristotle. The interdisciplinary method combines historical, philological, and philosophical techniques with approaches from the digital humanities. The Greek Key is a collaborative, scalable, multidisciplinary project that has the potential to engage librarians in participatory strategies such as crowdsourcing (or “Citizen Science”). The Greek Key tools for visualizing textual data have the potential to: reveal previously undetected patterns in books and collections; make connections among different works; help users bring new information to bear on interpretation; demonstrate the significance of findings; and generate fresh insights about works of literature that have had a central and enduring influence on both our scholarly traditions and the history of libraries and librarianship. The VRE will make it possible for academic researchers and librarians to pursue perennial questions in innovative ways, and respond to questions that do not lend themselves to more traditional methods.
Bibliomaps ‐ a software to create web‐based interactive maps of science: The case of UX map
Authors: Grauwin Sebastian , Sperano Isabelle
Published: February 2019

Maps of science, allowing the exploration of large‐scale bibliographical datasets, are meeting an increasing interest across a broad range of audiences: students, educators, researchers, policy makers, technology developers, etc. This paper presents BiblioMaps, a freely available software that can be used to create web‐based interactive maps of science. Our toolkit uses a mixture of statistical techniques and similarity measures on bibliographic metadata extracted either from the Web of Science or Scopus. After processing, the data is used in web‐based interactive visualizations. The main visualization is a map of topical clusters ‐ gathering publications based on shared references ‐ whose characteristics can be easily explored in detail. As an example, we discuss some insights gained by exploring maps based on a corpus of about 10,000 “User Experience Design” research publications.
(How) should information world maps be visually analyzed?
Authors: Greyson Devon , O'Brien Heather , Shankar Saguna
Published: February 2019

Information world mapping (IWM) is a participatory, arts‐based elicitation method for use in interviews about information behaviours or practices. The participant‐drawn maps that result from this technique are typically used as ancillary data sources to aid in analysis of interview transcripts; however it may be possible, and even useful, to analyze these maps as data independent of the interviews, using methods suited to image analysis. This brief paper and accompanying visual presenta‐ tion describe results of analyses of information world maps using four different and contrasting methods with accompanying examples, and issue recommendations regarding the use of qualitative content analysis, compositional analysis, conceptual analysis, and visual discourse analysis, for analysis of information world maps. These insights may be generalized to other objects (e.g., photos) created through arts‐based elicitation interviewing.
Information practice, responsibility, and the ability to respond
Authors: Kaczmarek Michelle , Shankar Saguna , Nathan Lisa P.
Published: February 2019

In situations when digital systems exacerbate bias and injustice, who should be held responsible? Who is in a position to respond effectively? This poster 1) critiques dominant rhetoric concerning responsibility and the ability to respond to the influence of digital information systems; 2) argues for the field of information science to contribute to this discussion beyond a focus on policy; and 3) calls for information scientists to draw upon and extend information practice scholarship by applying it as a generative lens for conceptualizing responsibility in relation to ethical data stewardship.
Implications for LIS from an embedded chronological case study of a vaccine avoidant mommy blogger
Authors: Kaplan Samantha
Published: February 2019

In this poster, I review vaccine avoidance and how it is typically studied. I then describe how I conducted my dissertation research and present some implications for library and information science. This research, an embedded chronological case study of a vaccine‐avoidant mommy blogger, utilized multiple methods to understand why some people view vaccine avoidance as normative and desirable and how they engage with a mainstream world which disagrees. The findings from this research hold important theoretical and practical implications for library and information science, particularly how we study and work with communities we consider stigmatized or vulnerable to problematic information.
Analyzing library and information science full‐text articles using a topic modeling approach
Authors: Kurata Keiko , Miyata Yosuke , Ishita Emi , Yamamoto Michimasa , Yang Fang , Iwase Azusa
Published: February 2019

The topic modeling approach can indicate hidden relationships between articles in a particular academic discipline. This study aims to examine topics in library and information science (LIS) using the latent Dirichlet allocation method. From representative five journals, 1,648 full‐text articles were analyzed. We labeled 30 identified topics based on the top 10 highly weighted terms for each topic, title, and body of articles. From the topic mapping, commonly used methods and shift of research issues in LIS were found.
Embracing semantic ambiguity to enhance interpretability of complex unstructured machine learning problems.
Authors: Lee James , Wang Zuemao , Johnson Arlene
Published: February 2019

Ambiguity is frequently seen as an impediment to the recovery of a unique interpretation and meaning in texts. Machine learning algorithms have recently been deployed as an effective way to automate the process of semantic disambiguation. However, a growing body of literature has raised questions about problems of reduced accuracy and interpretability that come with disambiguation defined in terms of optimization at large data scales. We propose a hybrid methodology that can take advantage of the increased expediency of optimization (i.e. how a machine learning algorithm efficiently identifies semantic patterns within a corpus), while rethinking ambiguity as a semantically meaningful and interpretively useful feature of linguistic corpora. Our method examines why ambiguity occurs within a natural language corpus and the consequences of ambiguous meanings. Combining the “how” and the “why” dimensions of ambiguity requires a team science approach of researchers trained to study language from different disciplines, and we demonstrate how transdisciplinary digital scholarship centers located in academic libraries can create a space to foster precisely such collaborations purposefully created to analyze ambiguous datasets in more nuanced ways.
The narrative structure as a citation context in data papers: A preliminary analysis of Scientific Data
Authors: Li Kai , Chen Pei‐Ying
Published: February 2019

The data paper is a new type of scientific publication aiming to describe data objects per se and bridge the gaps between scientific writing and data‐driven scientific practice. Despite its importance, we are still largely in the dark as to the narrative structure of this emerging genre of scientific writing. In this poster, we presented and discussed some preliminary empirical evidence of the narrative structure of data papers and the distribution of cited sources in relation to this structure, based on a manual examination of 40 data papers from the journal of Scientific Data. Our findings suggest that even though data papers have a different structure from research papers, their paper sections bear distinct narrative functions as illustrated by the pattern of citation distribution. Moreover, some of these sections have similar functions to their counterparts in research papers. The implications of our initial findings and the next step of our project were explained in conclusion.
Challenges and opportunities in data curation for a social sciences data archive: An institution theory inspired analysis framework
Authors: Lin Chi‐Shiou , Jeng Wei
Published: February 2019

In this paper we describe an analysis inspired by institution theory on the collection development of social sciences data ar‐ chives. The theory introduces three dimensions that together support enduring social practices, i.e., regulative, normative, and cultural‐cognitive dimensions. We use the concepts to understand the nature and the relationships among the observed prob‐ lems in a case archive so as to better describe and understand the problems and possible solutions.
Improving corpus reproducibility through modular text transformations and connected data set
Authors: Pulliza Jonathan , Shah Chirag
Published: February 2019

The Enron Email Corpus is one of the most utilized collections of documents in Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning, and Network Analysis. Different groups of researchers have transformed the corpus, changing the content and format to meet their needs. The many distinct versions can all claim to be the Enron Email Corpus, though they are as distinct from the original publicly available collection as they are from each other. Researchers then have to determine the usefulness of a particular version in comparison to the many others available, as well as ascertain what has been done to the collection and how it would affect their specific research goal. This is especially important for reproducing a particular research method onto a different corpus, as transposing a method necessitates a deep understanding of the original data in the experiment. This project models the various transformations performed on different versions of the collection to form a network of connected datasets, highlighting the most important nodes as well as the most common transformations. Traversing different paths between nodes offers the community a way to model and reproduce the necessary data work performed on one collection that can be transposed onto other collections.
Text data mining beyond the open data paradigm: Perspectives at the intersection of intellectual property and ethics
Authors: Senseney Megan , Dickson Koehl Eleanor
Published: February 2019

This poster highlights outcomes from an IMLS‐funded National Forum project on text data mining with content that is subject to use conditions due to intellectual property rights. It argues that developing strong frameworks for conducting text mining with IP‐limited data is an urgent priority for supporting responsible, sustainable research in the twenty‐first century.
Learning visual communication: A preliminary analysis of HCI/UX curricula
Authors: Sosebee July , MacDonald Craig M.
Published: February 2019

Both the significant impact of visual design on users' perceptions of products and the industry‐demand for employees with well‐developed visual design skills in the HCI/UX fields has been well‐documented. However, the question remains: are HCI/UX graduates prepared to address the visual design challenges they will face in their future careers? To answer this question, we have collected and analyzed program outcomes and titles, descriptions, and syllabi for courses relating to visual design and communication. Currently we have looked at 24 universities in North America that offer graduate‐level HCI/UX programs and plan to expand our search to include other countries and undergraduate programs. This visual presentation provides an overview of the current visual design courses being offered to HCI/UX students and introduces a new typology to develop a more comprehensive approach to visual design instruction in this field.
Exploring dynamic change of users' cross‐device search performance
Authors: Wu Dan , Yuan Fang
Published: February 2019

This paper conducted a user experiment to explore dynamic changes of users' cross‐device search performance. By analysing the experiment results, the change of users' search performance was presented and the impact of directions of device‐switch on users' search performance was explored. This paper also provided suggestions for improving cross‐device search system.
Ontology‐based analysis of the large collection of historical Hebrew manuscripts
Authors: Zhitomirsky‐Geffe Maayan , Prebor Gila , Miller Yitzchak
Published: February 2019

In this study we proposed and implemented a new research framework based on the data‐driven approach that aims to quantitatively analyse the largest catalogue in the world of Hebrew manuscripts' metadata records. We used an event‐based ontology model which captures the information on the main types and relationships of manuscript metadata. Then, we utilized the ontology‐based inference to automatically complete and expand the data on Hebrew manuscripts recorded in the catalogue and further mine and analyse this data at the large scale. As part of the quantitative analysis we applied statistical and data visualisation techniques in order to compare the effect of time and place on the manuscripts' characteristics and distribution, to discover previously unknown distant relationships between entities and events, to reveal global phenomena and trends, and better appreciate their impact on the Hebrew writing and its different manifestations.
Cyanoacetaldehyde as a building block for prebiotic formation of pyrimidines
Authors: Kaur Sarabjeet , Sharma Purshotam
Published: February 2019

The present study uses density functional theory to investigate the possible free radical pathways for cytosine and uracil formation from cyanoacetaldehyde in the presence of urea and ammonia. Our proposed mechanisms are characterized by a smaller number of precursors and relatively lower barriers compared to previously reported reactions with other prebiotic precursors. Thus, the proposed mechanisms are more plausible in environments like prebiotic earth and present‐day Titan. Overall, this study suggests a kinetically accessible route to pyrimidine formation and will hopefully contribute toward understanding the relevance of these precursors in prebiotic reactions.