bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitudes towards clinical and non-clinical services among individuals who self-harm or attempt suicide: A systematic review
Authors: Uddin Tasnim , Pitman Alexandra , Benson Gemma , Kamal Zeast , Hawton Keith , Rowe Sarah
Published: March 2023

The prevalence of self-harm has increased substantially in recent decades. Despite the development of guidelines for better management and prevention of self-harm, service users report that quality of care remains variable. A previous systematic review of research published to June 2006 documented largely negative experiences of clinical services among patients who self-harm. We reviewed research papers published since then until July 2022 to examine contemporary attitudes towards clinical and non-clinical services among individuals who self-harm and their relatives. We identified 29 studies meeting inclusion criteria, all of which were from high- or middle-income countries and were generally of high methodological quality. Our narrative synthesis identified negative attitudes towards clinical management and organisational barriers across services. Generally, more positive attitudes were found towards non-clinical services providing therapeutic contact, such as voluntary sector organisations and social services, than clinical services, such as emergency departments and inpatient units. Views suggested that negative experiences of service provision may perpetuate a cycle of self-harm. Our review suggests that in recent years there has been little improvement in experiences of services for patients who self-harm. These findings should be used to reform clinical guidelines and staff training across clinical services to promote patient-centred and compassionate care and deliver more effective, acceptable and accessible services.
A lactate-dependent shift of glycolysis mediates synaptic and cognitive processes
Authors: Fernández-Moncada Ignacio , Lavanco Gianluca , Fundazuri Unai B. , Bollmohr Nasrin , Mountadem Sarah , Hachaguer Pauline , Julio-Kalajzic Francisca , Gisquet Doriane , Dalla Tor Tommaso , Serrat Roman , Bellocchio Luigi , Cannich Astrid , Fortunato-Marsol Bérénice , Nasu Yusuke , Campbell Robert E. , Drago Filippo , Cannizzaro Carla , Ferreira Guillaume , Bouzier-Sore Anne-Karine , Pellerin Luc , Bolaños Juan P. , Bonvento Gilles , Barros L. Felipe , Oliet Stephane H. R. , Panatier Aude , Marsicano Giovanni
Published: March 2023

Control of brain energy metabolism and regulation of synaptic activity through gliotransmission are two important ways, through which astrocytes contribute to mental functions. However, the potential functional and molecular links between these two astrocyte-dependent processes have been scantly explored. Here we show that a lactate-dependent shift of glycolysis underlies the production of the gliotransmitter D-serine by acute activation of astrocyte type-1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptors, thereby gating synaptic and cognitive processes. Acute cannabinoid application causes a CB1 receptor-dependent rapid and reversible increase of lactate production and release in primary astrocyte cultures. As shown before, mutant mice lacking the CB1 receptor gene in astrocytes (GFAP-CB1-KO) were impaired in a novel object recognition (NOR) memory task. This phenotype was rescued not only by the gliotransmitter D-serine, but also by its precursor L-serine. Surprisingly, the administration of lactate and of an agonist of the lactate receptor HCAR1 also reverted the memory impairment of GFAP-CB1-KO mice. This rescue effect was abolished byin vivoblockade of the astrocyte-specific phosphorylated pathway (PP), which diverts glycolysis towards L-serine synthesis, suggesting that lactate signaling might promote the accumulation of this amino acid. Consistent with this idea, lactate and HCAR1 agonism increased the co-agonist occupancy of CA1 post-synaptic hippocampal NMDA receptors. This effect of lactate was abolished by blockade of PP. By establishing a mechanistic link between lactate production and signaling, serine availability, synaptic activity and behavior, these results reveal an unforeseen functional connection between energy metabolism and gliotransmission to control cognitive processes.
Structural insights into TRPV4-Rho GTPase signaling complex function and disease
Authors: Kwon Do Hoon , Zhang Feng , McCray Brett A. , Kumar Meha , Sullivan Jeremy M. , Sumner Charlotte J. , Lee Seok-Yong
Published: March 2023

Crosstalk between ion channels and small GTPases is critical during homeostasis and disease1, but little is known about the structural underpinnings of these interactions. TRPV4 is a polymodal, calcium-permeable cation channel that has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in multiple conditions2–5. Gain-of-function mutations also cause hereditary neuromuscular disease6–11. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of human TRPV4 in complex with RhoA in the apo, antagonist-bound closed, and agonist-bound open states. These structures reveal the mechanism of ligand-dependent TRPV4 gating. Channel activation is associated with rigid-body rotation of the intracellular ankyrin repeat domain, but state-dependent interaction with membrane-anchored RhoA constrains this movement. Notably, many residues at the TRPV4-RhoA interface are mutated in disease and perturbing this interface by introducing mutations into either TRPV4 or RhoA increases TRPV4 channel activity. Together, these results suggest that the interaction strength between TRPV4 and RhoA tunes TRPV4-mediated calcium homeostasis and actin remodeling, and that disruption of TRPV4-RhoA interactions leads to TRPV4-related neuromuscular disease, findings that will guide TRPV4 therapeutics development.
Board diversity and export intensity: the moderating role of firm size
Authors: Aksoy Mine , Yilmaz Mustafa Kemal , Canci Metin , Ay Alp
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Building on resource dependence theory and contingency theory (CT) and focusing on an emerging market setting, this study investigates how demographic board diversity (BD) influences the export intensity (EI) of firms listed on Borsa Istanbul (BIST), with the moderating effect of firm size, as a contingency factor, on this interaction.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a sample of 65 exporting firms listed on the BIST Industrials Index, this study explores how demographic attributes of board members, represented by the board diversity index (BDI), affects EI by employing panel data analysis over the period of 2016–2020.

Findings

The results suggest that there is a negative relationship between BD and EI, but firm size has a positive moderating effect on the association of BD and EI, indicating that large firms with diverse boards are more prone to access foreign markets and make export. The findings further indicate that board size and CEO duality have a negative and significant effect on EI, while marketing intensity has a positive and significant impact.

Research limitations/implications

The sample covers only public companies listed on the BIST Industrials Index, and the impact of board characteristics on the EI is analyzed for a limited time frame, i.e. from 2016 to 2020.

Practical implications

The findings help business executives better understand the contribution of the firm size on the interaction of BD and EI and offers valuable insights to companies to gain a competitive edge in international markets.

Originality/value

The study provides evidence on the effects of board attributes on the EI from the perspective of emerging countries. It also helps to gain a deeper understanding of how board dynamics contribute to the internationalization of companies.
Simulation and analysis of heat transfer performance of electrical heating fabric at low temperature based on skin tissue
Authors: Li Jinyu , Yan Hangyu , Ni Yunfeng , Fu Linlin , Yang Yunchu
Published: March 2023

Purpose

At present, electrical heating clothing is widely used to keep ourselves warm at low temperature. The purpose of this paper is to explore the heat transfer performance of electrical heating fabric and the thermal comfort of human skin at low temperature.

Design/methodology/approach

The combined model of skin-electrical heating fabric system was established to simulate human skin tissue wearing electrical heating clothing. A series of simulation experiments are designed on the basis of verifying the effectiveness of the combined model. The temperature distribution inside the combined model and on the skin surface under different heating powers is simulated and analyzed. At the same time, the influence of ambient temperature on the thermal performance of electrical heating fabric was explored.

Findings

The skin model with blood vessels reflected the temperature change of human skin wearing electrical heating clothing. The higher the heating power of the electrical heating fabric was, the greater the temperature of the skin surface changed, the faster the temperature rose and the longer the time required to reach the stable state would be. After the heating element was electrified, it had the greatest effect on the average temperature of the epidermis and dermis, had smaller effect on the average temperature of subcutaneous layer and had little effect on the temperature of blood vessels. When the heating power was the same, the higher the ambient temperature was, the more obvious the heating effect of electrical heating fabric was. Electrical heating fabrics with different heating powers were suitable for different ambient temperature ranges.

Originality/value

A reasonable and effective evaluation method for the thermal comfort of electrical heating fabric was provided by establishing the skin model and combined model of the skin-electrical heating fabric system. It provides a reference for the design and application of electrical heating clothing.
Supply chain transparency: theoretical perspectives for future research
Authors: Morgan Tyler R. , Gabler Colin B. , Manhart Pamela S.
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This paper lays the groundwork for future research in supply chain transparency in two ways. First, the authors delineate the construct and explore how it is shifting the business landscape. Second, the authors connect nine theories to the construct to guide future scholars in this growing research area.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors explore the practical implications for the future of supply chain transparency research through the application of nine theories: stakeholder theory; the technology acceptance model; transaction cost theory; commodity theory; competing values theory; ambidexterity; the natural-resource-based view of the firm; actor-network theory and neo-institutional theory. The authors also consider the blending of theories to provide further insights into the ways firms engage in supply chain transparency.

Findings

This analysis relates theories from several disciplines (i.e. marketing, supply chain management, economics, information systems and organizational behavior) to add theoretical insights to the concept of supply chain transparency, with suggestions for using these theories in conjunction to address complex emerging issues. The authors offer guidance and direction for cross-disciplinary research to help supply chain and logistics influence other fields.

Originality/value

Supply chain transparency is a boundary-spanning phenomenon swiftly proliferating multiple aspects of business. This research applies nine theoretical perspectives to guide future researchers and lays the foundation for managers looking to adopt transparency into their supply chains.
The bubble contagion effect between crude oil and oil-exporting stock markets: the case of GCC countries
Authors: Ben Douissa Ismail , Azrak Tawfik
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the existence of bubbles and their contagion effect in crude oil and stock markets of oil-exporting countries Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) from 2016 to 2021.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use Generalized Sup augmented Dickey–Fuller (GSADF) and Backward Sup augmented Dickey–Fuller (BSADF) to significantly identify multiple bubbles stock and oil markets with precise dates. Furthermore, the authors check the contagion effect of bubbles between crude oil and GCC stock markets based on the time-varying Granger causality test.

Findings

First, the authors find empirical evidence of downwards bubbles in crude oil prices and in all GCC stock indexes (except the Saudi stock index) during the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Second, the authors do not detect empirical evidence of bubble transmission between crude oil markets and GCC stock markets (except with the Dubai Financial Market index).

Practical implications

The findings of this study would illuminate policymakers not to limit the factors of systematic financial crises in oil-exporting countries to crude oil and to consider factors such as monetary policy and economic diversification measures. This study has also crucial implications for investors. In fact, investors should not ignore the responses of the stock markets to oil price shocks that are heterogeneous across countries when looking for investment opportunities in the GCC region.

Originality/value

The study justifies the changing nature of the bubble contagion effect through the novel implementation of the time-varying Granger causality test to detect whether bubble contagion exists between oil and GCC stock markets and if that does, in which direction.
The impacts of Sukuk on financial inclusion in selected Sukuk markets: an empirical investigation based on generalized method of moments (GMM) analysis
Authors: Khan Shabeer
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The current developments in the Islamic capital market raise questions about its one of the main objectives of developing the Islamic capital market is to achieve financial inclusion. Despite its policy significance, the empirical literature offers little evidence of the Sukuk-financial inclusion nexus. Thus, this study aims to contribute to the literature by empirically investigating the impacts of Sukuk financing on financial inclusion in most Sukuk-issued financial markets countries.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the author used a two-step generalized method of moments (GMM) technique to explore the impact of Sukuk financing on financial inclusion in 18 countries using data from 1995 to 2017.

Findings

The study's empirical suggest that Sukuk increases financial inclusion and supports the view that Islamic capital markets' development alleviates financing obstacles and also reflects the critical role of the Islamic capital market as a vital contributor to increasing financial inclusion.

Practical implications

The study recommends that Sukuk could be used as a tool to tackle the issue of financial exclusion.

Social implications

The Sukuk market development creates new job markets through innovative projects. These jobs lead to increased income for the working class, leading to higher employment and stimulating investment and financial inclusion.

Originality/value

This is one of the first studies to investigate the Sukuk-financial inclusion nexus empirically. Additionally, the study has used advanced panel techniques in the context of Sukuk and financial inclusion linkage.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-06-2022-0424
Investment strategy via analyst report text mining
Authors: Yang Cheol-Won
Published: March 2023

The recommendation of the analyst report is not only limited to a small number of ratings, but also biased toward a buy opinion with the absence of sell opinion. As an alternative to this, this paper aims to extract analysts' textual opinions embedded in the report body through text analysis and examine the profitability of investment strategies. Analyst opinion about a firm is measured by calculating the frequency of positive and negative words in the report text through the Korean sentiment lexicon for finance (KOSELF). To verify the usefulness of textual opinions, the author constructs a calendar-time based portfolios by the analysts' textual opinion variable of each stock. When opinion level is used, investment strategy has no significant hedged portfolio return. However, hedged portfolio constructed by opinion change shows significant return of 0.117% per day (2.57% per month). In addition, the hedged return increases to 0.163% per day (3.59% per month) when the opening price is used instead of closing price. This study show that the analysts’ opinion extracted from text analysis contains more detailed spectrum than recommendation and investment strategies using them give significant returns.
Livelihood access and challenges of coastal communities: insights from Ghana
Authors: Mohammed Asaah Sumaila , Tuokuu Francis Xavier Dery , Adda Edgar Balinia
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the discourse on livelihood access and challenges of fisherfolks and farmers within coastal communities in Ghana. Insights from such studies can help to create win-win outcomes between communities and oil companies and give the latter social license to operate. Also, it will help to identify the existing knowledge gaps that still need to be filled and contribute to the overall management of Ghana’s oil resources. It will further contribute to the government’s livelihood diversification programs in oil-producing communities.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employed the use of qualitative research paradigm to collect primary data in oil- and gas-producing communities in the Western Region of Ghana. Specifically, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted among diverse stakeholders.

Findings

Findings from the study show that several people and households along the coast of Ghana’s Western Region depend on the fishing industry as their livelihoods. However, fisherfolks are facing several challenges due to oil production. For instance, the quantity of fish harvest has reduced drastically since oil production started in 2010. Farming activities have also been adversely affected. The study has unearthed that the existing social and economic infrastructure are very limited to support the development of the coastal communities in Ghana’s Western Region. The study suggests that to deal with some of the challenges faced by coastal communities, livelihood diversification programs should be introduced.

Research limitations/implications

Not every community within the oil and gas areas in the Western Region was covered. Future work will address this limitation.

Practical implications

The study has revealed that the Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies need to expedite the process of conducting a comprehensive needs assessment of communities and capture them in their medium-term development plans.

Social implications

The corporate social responsibility programs will create win-win outcomes between oil companies and communities.

Originality/value

The study is an original piece of work with data collected from the field. The study will contribute to the efficient management of natural resources in Ghana and other developing countries.
Gamification and proenvironmental performance: could tourists return home with more sustainable habits?
Authors: Aguiar-Castillo Lidia , Rajendra-Teli Shivani , Perez-Jimenez Rafael
Published: March 2023

Purpose

This study aims to demonstrate that gamification applied to an environmental behavior can create a habit. For this, it is necessary to determine the connection between traveler satisfaction and the different kinds of stimulus (extrinsic, intrinsic and internalized extrinsic).

Design/methodology/approach

Survey data was gathered from gamers invited to answer a questionnaire after using an app in field experimentation in pilot cities in France, Spain and Portugal designated by the UrbanWaste committee (European Project). All data were studied using path equation modeling in AMOS software to test the study's dimensions and proposed research model.

Findings

This study showed that, although gamification tools may be necessary to generate a habit in the first phase, these tools are superfluous when this habit is internalized.

Originality/value

This study's originality lies in the relationship between traveler satisfaction with gamification and the generation of an environmental practice that also contributes to forming a positive image of the host destination.
Violated factors in building citizen-centric e-government websites: insights from the performance of the federal, state and local governments websites in Malaysia
Authors: Lim Seng Boon , Kamaruddin Kamalia Azma
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Common evaluation tools on e-government websites are available globally and locally to standardise and improve the quality of information and services. However, a commonly ignored aspect is the way to obtain detailed measurements of factors influencing citizen centricity; in other words, how official websites cater to the needs and contributions of citizens at different levels of government. Thus, this paper aims to apply a citizen-centric framework in evaluating the e-government websites of three different levels of authority in Malaysia: federal, state and local.

Design/methodology/approach

The adapted citizen-centric checklist for e-government websites (aCCEW) with 40 characteristics across four components – openness (21), transparency (5), participation (10) and responsiveness (4) – was adopted to evaluate case studies of 36 government agency websites in Malaysia. Any conformity between the characteristics was marked using a binary measure, and the citizen-centric value was calculated for each component/characteristic.

Findings

Through website observations, ratings and descriptive comparisons, this study found that the aCCEW is a useful tool, especially for identifying certain critically violated factors. These were deficiencies in e-decision-making, revealing successful initiatives created through open data, revealing fund transfers and expenditure records and the level of social media responsiveness.

Research limitations/implications

The research contributes theoretically by improvising characteristics in the CCEW to become aCCEW and testing it in multiple levels of government in Malaysia to see its applicability to be adopted in other similar research of e-governments. This could become a new benchmark through the additional research insights it offers into similar perspectives of public values realisation in e-government website design that focuses on more than merely functionality. Attempt to relate the violated factors and strengths of aCCEW website design components to the level of centralisation (power) of federal, state and local governments was also genuine in the e-government research.

Practical implications

Regardless of the many different government systems, federal, state and local governments can benchmark the examples assessed in this study, rethink their power relationships, and further improve their e-platforms to suit the contexts of their users/residents’ needs and contributions.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study contributed to the first Malaysia-based research that identifies and compares factors that contribute to citizen-centric e-government website building at the federal, state and local government levels. The discussion adds value by comparing different systems and levels of e-government websites to their power possession.
Role of citation and non-citation metrics in predicting the educational impact of textbooks
Authors: Maleki Ashraf , Abbaspour Javad , Jowkar Abdolrasoul , Sotudeh Hajar
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The main objective of the present study is to determine the role of citation-based metrics (PageRank and HITS’ authority and hub scores) and non-citation metrics (Goodreads readers, reviews and ratings, textbook edition counts) in predicting educational ranks of textbooks.

Design/methodology/approach

The rankings of 1869 academic textbooks of various disciplines indexed in Scopus were extracted from the Open Syllabus Project (OSP) and compared with normalized counts of Scopus citations, scores of PageRank, authority and hub (HITS) in Scopus book-to-book citation network, Goodreads ratings and reviews, review sentiment scores and WorldCat book editions.

Findings

Prediction of the educational rank of scholarly syllabus books ranged from 32% in technology to 68% in philosophy, psychology and religion. WorldCat editions in social sciences, medicine and technology, Goodreads ratings in humanities, and book-citation-network authority scores in law and political science accounted for the strongest predictions of the educational score. Thus, each indicator of editions, Goodreads ratings, and book citation authority score alone can be used to show the rank of the academic textbooks, and if used in combination, they will help explain the educational uptake of books even better.

Originality/value

This is the first study examining the role of citation indicators, Goodreads readers, reviews and ratings in predicting the OSP rank of academic books.
Artificial intelligence chatbots in academic libraries: the rise of ChatGPT
Authors: Adetayo Adebowale Jeremy
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The study aims to investigate the potential of artificial intelligence chatbots in academic libraries along with the dangers associated with the technology.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature were sourced from Google scholar and Scopus database-indexed journals to assess the potentials and drawbacks of using ChatGPT (generative pretrained transformer).

Findings

The study found that ChatGPT can aid with technical and reader services such as answering basic reference inquiries, navigating the library website and assisting with research, cataloguing, classification and collection development. However, due to the risk of inaccurate query responses, misuse, limited comprehension, input limitation and technological reliance, it should be a complementary technology rather than a replacement for human librarians.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’ knowledge, this is one of the first articles reviewing the potential of ChatGPT in academic libraries.
Author preferences for open access in Portugal: survey findings
Authors: Carvalho Milena , Boock Michael , Todorova Tania Yordanova , Martins Susana , Braga Ines , Pinto Cláudia
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Surveying authors at doctoral-granting institutions of higher education in Portugal, the authors in this paper aim to seek to determine the extent to which Portuguese researchers prefer that their work appears in open access journals or open access repositories resulting in improved access to quality, peer-reviewed scientific information and faster scientific and technological advances. The authors also seek to gauge Portuguese author's familiarity with open access, the importance they attach to open access when choosing a publication outlet, and to determine their preferences for achieving open access.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology adopted in this research is the case study. The case study intends to understand a complex social phenomenon through an in-depth study holistically. In May 2020, the authors distributed a survey to faculty in all academic ranks at 14 Portuguese higher education institutions to learn the extent to which Portuguese authors currently make their research openly available, ascertain their awareness of open access, their support of the European Union (EU) open access goal and their preferences for achieving open access.

Findings

Researchers at Portuguese universities overwhelmingly are aware of arguments in favor of open access and believe that open access benefits researchers in their fields. Portuguese researchers regularly publish in open access journals and deposit their papers in institutional or disciplinary repositories.

Research limitations/implications

16.7% of 740 potential respondents completed the survey. The relatively low response rate prevents extrapolations from being made to the universe. The study was implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic, which, due to the disruption created in all sectors, made data collection complex and delayed its subsequent treatment.

Originality/value

Similar studies have been conducted at individual universities and in particular disciplines to determine the degree to which their faculty authors are aware of open access, its benefits, and preferences for achieving it. A similar study of Bulgarian university authors was conducted in 2018. No previous study of Portuguese authors at institutions of higher education has been conducted. The results will be useful to Portuguese institutions of higher education and academic libraries to establish and revise open access outreach and implementation services that may be helpful to their faculty in meeting EU open access and funder open access requirements.
Application of the SOBC model to study customers' online purchase intentions in an emerging economy during COVID-19: does gender matter?
Authors: Awal Md. Rabiul , Hossain Md. Shakhawat , Arzin Tahmina Akter , Sheikh Md. Imran , Haque Md. Enamul
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Online shopping around the world is growing exponentially, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine how an online customer's purchasing experience influences his/her buying intention and willingness to believe in fraud news, as well as the ripple impact of satisfaction and trust, with gender as a moderator in an emerging economy during COVID-19.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the underpinning of the stimulus-organism-behavior-consequence (SOBC) theory, the research model was developed, and collected data from 259 respondents using convenience samples technique. Next, the data were analyzed using partial least squares-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and Hayes Process Macro.

Findings

The study results confirmed that the online shopping experience (OSE) has positive impact on customers' satisfaction (CS), purchase intention (PI) and customer trust (CT); CS has positive effects on trust toward online shopping and their future product PI; future product PI significantly affects customers' propensity to believe and act on fraud news (PBAFN). The finding also states that gender moderates the relationships of CS to PI, OSE to PI and PI to PBAFN, but doesn't moderate the CT to PI relationship.

Originality/value

The study findings will assist policymakers and online vendors to win customers' hearts and minds' through confirming satisfaction, trust and a negative attitude toward fake news, which will lead to customer loyalty and the sustainable development of the industry. Finally, the limitations and future research directions are discussed.
Zero population growth rate and eldercare hours: Are both optimal for some European Union countries?#
Authors: Miyakoshi Tatsuyoshi
Published: March 2023

As zero population growth rates have existed for approximately 30 years in many European Union countries, one wonders whether this is optimal in these countries, considering differences in consumer preferences and wages. In this paper, we construct a framework to examine this issue, in particular incorporating both eldercare and immigration. Our theoretical and empirical analyses show that zero population growth rates are optimal, population growth rates and eldercare hours are determined separately, and eldercare hours may be optimal because of added support with public long‐term care spending of each country.
An evaluation of measurement uncertainty of trajectory angles using a 3D laser scanner
Authors: Greenwood Stephen M. , Paduch Courtney D. , Allen Trevor T.
Published: March 2023

Measuring trajectory angles of bullet defects at a crime scene is an important part of crime scene investigation as these angles can be used for shooting incident reconstructions. The Washington State Patrol Crime Scene Response Team (WSP CSRT) had a desire to report and use measured trajectory angles. To report quantitative measurements, a statement of uncertainty for the measurement must also be reported due to an accreditation requirement through the ANSI National Accreditation Board (ANAB), through which the WSP CSRT is accredited. This evaluation examined the measurement uncertainty of the 3D laser scanning method that the WSP CSRT utilizes for measuring the vertical and azimuth angles from trajectory rods fitted to bullet defects. Three studies were performed which examined the variation of vertical and azimuth angle measurements from trajectory rods on flat surfaces, the variation of azimuth angle measurements from a trajectory rod on a curved surface, and a traceability study with known vertical and azimuth angle measurements. Seven common substrates were selected as target materials and were shot with 9 mm Luger and 0.45 Auto caliber bullets. A vehicle with one bullet defect was utilized for the curved surface study. The WSP's current fleet of Trimble X7 3D laser scanners, the WSP Criminal Investigation Division (CID) Detectives who operate these scanners, and the Forensic Scientists responsible for trajectory rod placement and angle measurements were utilized. An overall measurement uncertainty of +/− 2.6 degrees at an approximate 95% confidence interval was determined for all trajectory angles measured from trajectory rods.
Influence of salt concentration on Kimchi cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) mass transfer kinetics and textural and microstructural properties during osmotic dehydration
Authors: Yang Hae‐Il , Min Sung‐Gi , Lee Seong Youl , Yang Ji‐Hee , Lee Mi‐Ai , Park Sung‐Hee , Eun Jong‐Bang , Chung Young‐Bae
Published: March 2023

The effect of salt concentration (3%, 6%, and 9%) on the mass transfer kinetics of Kimchi cabbage during osmotic dehydration was investigated, including its influence on textural and microstructural properties and salt distribution. First, kinetics was analyzed using diffusion theory to determine the impact of the factors on moisture and salt transfer. Subsequently, using the Peleg, Azuara, Henderson–Pabis, and Page models, mathematical modeling of mass transfer (water loss and salt gain) was investigated. According to the statistical analysis, the Peleg model provided the best fit for the experimental results under the operating conditions. In addition, a novel viewpoint was proposed in which the salt content of Kimchi cabbage may be indirectly forecasted by monitoring solution salinity during osmotic dehydration. Higher salt concentration resulted in decreased hardness, gumminess, and chewiness in Kimchi cabbage. Scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray mapping images showed an intensification of moisture and salt transport with increasing salt content, which were confirmed using modeling studies. The results could be applied in the prediction of the target salinity of Kimchi cabbage during the salting process and could facilitate the improvement of final Kimchi product quality by producing salted Kimchi cabbage with uniform salinity.
Quality assessment and chemometrics application on physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant properties, and 5‐HMF content of Malaysian stingless bee honey from different topographical origins
Authors: Manickavasagam Ganapaty , Saaid Mardiana , Lim Vuanghao , Saad Muhammad Ikhmal Zikri Md , Azmi Nur Aida Syahira , Osman Rozita
Published: March 2023

The popularity of Malaysian stingless bee honey is rising among health‐conscious individuals; thus, chemical and physical evaluations of Malaysian stingless bee honey are vital to ensure the honey has achieved the optimum limits set by Malaysian and international regulatory standards so that it can be commercialized locally and internationally. Therefore, in the present study, the physicochemical characteristics (moisture content, total dissolved solids, pH, free acidity, electrical conductivity, and ash content), antioxidant properties (total phenolic and flavonoid contents), and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) of Heterotrigona itama (H. itama) honey from different sites in Peninsular Malaysia were investigated. Subsequently, the correlation between these chemical and physical parameters was studied using Spearman correlation coefficients. The significant difference between H. itama honey from different topographical origins was studied using univariate analysis (one‐way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey's test). The discrimination pattern of 45 honey samples based on their topographical origins was evaluated using cluster analysis (heatmap and dendrogram) and chemometrics analysis (partial least squares‐discriminant analysis). Results showed that some samples of certain parameters (electrical conductivity, free acidity, and moisture content) have exceeded the limit set by the international regulatory standard. However, the 5‐HMF content of all samples was within the allowed range. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) has been observed for all the parameters except electrical conductivity and ash content in terms of inter‐topographical origins. Although the profiles of H. itama honey from different origins were close, most of them were separated according to their topographical origins and were validated using a permutation test.
Influence of compost amendment rate and level of compaction on the hydraulic functioning of soils
Authors: Kranz Christina N. , McLaughlin Richard A. , Amoozegar Aziz , Heitman Joshua L.
Published: March 2023

There has been widespread interest in using compost to improve the hydrologic functions of degraded soils at construction sites for reducing runoff and increasing infiltration. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of compost amendment rate on saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and water retention in order to identify target compost rates for enhancing soil hydrologic functions. Samples were prepared with three soil textures (sandy loam, silt loam, and sandy clay loam), amended with compost at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. All soils were tested at a porosity of 0.5 m3/m3, and the sandy loam was further tested at high (0.55 m3/m3) and low (0.4 m3/m3) porosities. The Ks and water retention data were then used to model infiltration with HYDRUS‐1D. With increasing compost amendment rate, Ks and water retention of the mixtures generally increased at the medium porosity level, with more compost needed in heavier soils. As porosity decreased in the sandy loam soil, the amount of compost needed to improve Ks rose from 20% to 50%. Water distribution in pore fractions (gravitational, plant‐available, and unavailable water) depended on texture, with only the highest compost rates increasing plant‐available water in one soil. Results suggest soil texture should be taken into consideration when choosing a compost rate in order to achieve soil improvement goals. Hydrologic benefits may be limited even at a high rate of compost amendment if soil is compacted.
Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of thymic epithelial tumors
Authors: Xu Chunwei , Zhang Yongchang , Wang Wenxian , Wang Qian , Li Ziming , Song Zhengbo , Wang Jiandong , Yu Jinpu , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Shirong , Cai Xiuyu , Wu Ming , Zhan Ping , Liu Hongbing , Lv Tangfeng , Miao Liyun , Min Lingfeng , Li Jiancheng , Liu Baogang , Yuan Jingping , Jiang Zhansheng , Lin Gen , Chen Xiaohui , Pu Xingxiang , Rao Chuangzhou , Lv Dongqing , Yu Zongyang , Li Xiaoyan , Tang Chuanhao , Zhou Chengzhi , Zhang Junping , Guo Hui , Chu Qian , Meng Rui , Liu Xuewen , Wu Jingxun , Hu Xiao , Fang Min , Zhou Jin , Zhu Zhengfei , Chen Xiaofeng , Pan Weiwei , Pang Fei , Zhou Yuxiang , Jian Qijie , Wang Kai , Wang Liping , Zhu Youcai , Yang Guocai , Lin Xinqing , Cai Jing , Liang Lijun , Feng Huijing , Wang Lin , Du Yingying , Yao Wang , Shi Xuefei , Niu Xiaomin , Yuan Dongmei , Yao Yanwen , Huang Jianhui , Zhang Yinbin , Sun Pingli , Wang Hong , Ye Mingxiang , Wang Dong , Wang Zhaofeng , Hao Yue , Wang Zhen , Wan Bing , Lv Donglai , Yu Genhua , Li Anna , Kang Jin , Zhang Jiatao , Zhang Chao , Chen Huafei , Shi Lin , Ye Leiguang , Wang Gaoming , Wang Yina , Gao Feng , Zhou Wei , Hu Chunxiu , Wei Jianguo , Li Bihui , Li Zhongwu , Li Yuan , Liu Zhefeng , Yang Nong , Wu Lin , Wang Qiming , Huang Wenbin , Hong Zhuan , Wang Guansong , Fang Meiyu , Fang Yong , Zhu Xixu , Du Kaiqi , Ji Jiansong , Shen Yi , Zhang Yiping , Ma Shenglin , Song Yong , Lu Yuanzhi , Liu Anwen , Fang Wenfeng , Zhong Wenzhao
Published: March 2023

Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are a relatively rare type of thoracic tumor, accounting for less than 1% of all tumors. The incidence of TETs is about 3.93/10000 in China, slightly higher than that of European and American countries. For resectable TETs, complete surgical resection is recommended. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be used as postoperative adjuvant treatment. Treatment for advanced, unresectable TETs consist mainly of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but there is a lack of standard first‐ and second‐line treatment regimens. Recently, targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising outcomes in TETs. Based on the currently available clinical evidences and the opinions of the national experts, the Thymic Oncology Group of Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group (East China LUng caNcer Group, ECLUNG; Youth Committee) established this Chinese expert consensus on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of TETs, covering the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and follow‐up of TETs.
Intravenous immunoglobulins ameliorate thrombin‐related platelet functions in childhood immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Kapur Rick
Published: March 2023

Childhood immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired haematological disorder characterized by low platelet counts, with a disease course which is usually benign and self‐limiting within 3–12 months. An estimated 28%, however, continue to develop chronic ITP and may experience bleeding symptoms and an impaired quality of life. Treatment options in case of severe bleedings include corticosteroids, anti‐D or intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg). The general working mechanism of IVIg remains unresolved and a matter of debate. Schmugge et al now identify that IVIg may have the ability to improve thrombin‐induced platelet activation and enhance thrombin generation in a prospective study of 23 children with primary ITP, demonstrating that besides increasing platelet counts IVIg can be efficacious on the level of thrombin‐induced platelet activation and coagulation support.

Commentary on: Schmugge et al. IVIg treatment increases thrombin activation of platelets and thrombin generation in paediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2023;201:1209–1219.
Engagement with arts and culture activities in the Danish general population: Longitudinal associations with new onset or persistent depression and mental wellbeing
Authors: Santini Ziggi Ivan , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Krokstad Steinar , Bonde Lars Ole , Donovan Robert J. , Koushede Vibeke , Jensen Anita , Koyanagi Ai , Ekholm Ola
Published: March 2023

Objectives

International literature suggests that arts and culture activities may benefit mental health, however, such survey studies conducted in the Danish population are scarce. Further, studies have investigated the associated risk for incident depression, but not for persistent depression. The objective of the current prospective study was to assess associations of engagement in arts and culture activities with incident/persistent depression and also mental wellbeing among Danish adults in the general population.

Design

Observational prospective study.

Methods

Data stem from a Danish nationally representative panel study of 5000 adults (aged 15+ years) conducted in 2019 and 2020, which was linked to Danish register data. An exposure variable was constructed for frequency of attending concerts, theatres, museums, and cinemas. Validated scales were used to assess the presence of depression (PHQ‐8) and levels of mental wellbeing (SWEMWBS). Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the risk of incident depression (among participants free of depression at baseline), as well as the risk of persistent depression (among participants with depression at baseline), while multinomial logistic regression was used to assess odds for moderate and high mental wellbeing (low as base outcome) while adjusting for baseline values.

Result

In terms of incident depression, quarterly engagement in arts and culture activities (compared to never) was associated with an OR of .43 (95%CI .23–.80), while 8 times or more was associated with an OR of .53 (.29–.97). In terms of persistent depression, quarterly engagement was associated with an OR of .30 (.10–.90), while 8 times per year or more was associated with an OR of .26 (.07–.92). Similar to the patterns for incident/persistent depression, associations with moderate mental wellbeing showed higher odds for quarterly engagement and 8 times per year or more. Quarterly engagement was also associated with higher odds for high mental wellbeing but did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions

The results support the involvement of the cultural and creative sectors in health strategies. Mental health promotion initiatives as well as arts and culture sectors may encourage the general public to engage in arts and culture activities with frequencies of at least once per quarter.
1058. Bethencourtia palmensis (C.Sm.) Choisy, Jean IV de Béthencourt, and the genus Bethencourtia Choisy: Compositae, Senecioneae
Authors: Reyes‐Betancort J. Alfredo , Sánchez‐Pinto Lázaro , Francisco‐Ortega Javier
Published: March 2023

Bethencourtia Choisy (Compositae, Senecioneae) has three species and is dedicated to Jean IV de Béthencourt (1362—ca.1425/1426), who led the first successful military European expedition to conquer the Canary Islands. The botanical history of this Canary Island genus is reviewed, and its nomenclature is revisited. The generitype, Senecio palmensis C.Sm. = B. palmensis (C.Sm.) Choisy, is illustrated (t. 1058). The names S. palmensis and S. hermosae Pit. are lectotypified. Phylogenetic relationships, conservation status, systematics, phytochemistry, and ecogeographical patterns are discussed. A list of the herbarium specimens which have been studied is given.