bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coordinating virus research: The Virus Infectious Disease Ontology
Authors: Beverley John , Babcock Shane , Carvalho Gustavo , Cowell Lindsay G. , Duesing Sebastian , He Yongqun , Hurley Regina , Merrell Eric , Scheuermann Richard H. , Smith Barry
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted immense work on the investigation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Rapid, accurate, and consistent interpretation of generated data is thereby of fundamental concern. Ontologies–structured, controlled, vocabularies–are designed to support consistency of interpretation, and thereby to prevent the development of data silos. This paper describes how ontologies are serving this purpose in the COVID-19 research domain, by following principles of the Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology (OBO) Foundry and by reusing existing ontologies such as the Infectious Disease Ontology (IDO) Core, which provides terminological content common to investigations of all infectious diseases. We report here on the development of an IDO extension, the Virus Infectious Disease Ontology (VIDO), a reference ontology covering viral infectious diseases. We motivate term and definition choices, showcase reuse of terms from existing OBO ontologies, illustrate how ontological decisions were motivated by relevant life science research, and connect VIDO to the Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology (CIDO). We next use terms from these ontologies to annotate selections from life science research on SARS-CoV-2, highlighting how ontologies employing a common upper-level vocabulary may be seamlessly interwoven. Finally, we outline future work, including bacteria and fungus infectious disease reference ontologies currently under development, then cite uses of VIDO and CIDO in host-pathogen data analytics, electronic health record annotation, and ontology conflict-resolution projects.
Measuring the experience of social connection within specific social interactions: The Connection During Conversations Scale (CDCS)
Authors: Okabe-Miyamoto Karynna , Walsh Lisa C. , Ozer Daniel J. , Lyubomirsky Sonja
Published: January 2024

Decades of research have demonstrated that social connection is fundamental to health and well-being. The benefits of connection are observed with both close and distant others, within both new and established relationships, and even with exchanges that unfold over a relatively short timeframe. Because social connection is fundamental to well-being, many existing measures in the literature aim to assess either a global sense of connection or partner-specific (relationship-specific) connection. What is missing are measures of connection felt in specific social interactions or conversations. In three studies (Study 1: N = 351; Study 2: Time 1 N = 397, Time 2 N = 336, Time 3 N = 299; Study 3: N = 235), we developed the Connection During Conversations Scale (CDCS), a 14-item measure of conversation-specific social connection that assesses connection experienced during a social interaction (or conversation). Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that a four-factor model fit our samples well, which resulted in four subscales: Shared Reality, Partner Responsiveness, Participant Interest, and Affective Experience. The overall CDCS measure, along with its four subscales, was significantly correlated with established measures of loneliness, partner responsiveness, relatedness, positivity resonance, and shared reality. Because of the importance of frequent interactions—whether with family, friends, coworkers, or strangers—our new scale will allow researchers to better understand how, when, and where such conversations may contribute to social connection and well-being. (225 words).
Cohort profile: The ENTWINE iCohort study, a multinational longitudinal web-based study of informal care
Authors: Elayan Saif , Bei Eva , Ferraris Giulia , Fisher Oliver , Zarzycki Mikołaj , Angelini Viola , Ansmann Lena , Buskens Erik , Hagedoorn Mariët , von Kutzleben Milena , Lamura Giovanni , Looijmans Anne , Sanderman Robbert , Vilchinsky Noa , Morrison Val
Published: January 2024

Informal care is a key pillar of long-term care provision across Europe and will likely play an even greater role in the future. Thus, research that enhances our understanding of caregiving experiences becomes increasingly relevant. The ENTWINE iCohort Study examines the personal, psychological, social, economic, and geographic factors that shape caregiving experiences. Here, we present the baseline cohort of the study and describe its design, recruitment methods, data collection procedures, measures, and early baseline findings. The study was conducted in nine countries: Germany, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The study comprised a web-based longitudinal survey (baseline + 6-month follow-up) and optional weekly diary assessments conducted separately with caregivers and care recipients. From 14 August 2020 to 31 August 2021, 1872 caregivers and 402 care recipients were enrolled at baseline. Participants were recruited via Facebook and, to a lesser extent, via the study website or caregiver/patient organisations. Caregiver participants were predominantly female (87%) and primary caregivers (82%), with a median age of 55 years. A large proportion (80%) held at least post-secondary education, and two-thirds were married/partnered. Over half of the caregivers were employed (53%) and caring for a person with multiple chronic conditions (56%), and nearly three-quarters were caring for either a parent (42%) or a spouse/partner (32%). About three-quarters of care recipient participants were female (77%), not employed (74%), and had at least post-secondary education (77%), with a median age of 55 years. Over half of the care recipients were married/partnered (59%), receiving care primarily from their spouses/partners (61%), and diagnosed with multiple chronic conditions (57%). This study examining numerous potential influences on caregiving experiences provides an opportunity to better understand the multidimensional nature of these experiences. Such data could have implications for developing caregiving services and policies, and for future informal care research.
Identification of MYC intron 2 regions that modulate expression
Authors: Tompkins Van S. , Xue Zheng , Peterson Jake M. , Rouse Warren B. , O’Leary Collin A. , Moss Walter N.
Published: January 2024

MYC pre-mRNA is spliced with high fidelity to produce the transcription factor known to regulate cellular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and alternative splicing. The mechanisms underpinning the pre-mRNA splicing of MYC, however, remain mostly unexplored. In this study, we examined the interaction of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (HNRNPC) with MYC intron 2. Building off published eCLIP studies, we confirmed this interaction with poly(U) regions in intron 2 of MYC and found that full binding is correlated with optimal protein production. The interaction appears to be compensatory, as mutational disruption of all three poly(U) regions was required to reduce both HNRNPC binding capacity and fidelity of either splicing or translation. Poly(U) sequences in MYC intron 2 were relatively conserved across sequences from several different species. Lastly, we identified a short sequence just upstream of an HNRNPC binding region that when removed enhances MYC translation.
Heterogeneity within the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment: An application of causal forests
Authors: Hattab Zaid , Doherty Edel , Ryan Andrew M. , O’Neill Stephen
Published: January 2024

Existing evidence regarding the effects of Medicaid expansion, largely focused on aggregate effects, suggests health insurance impacts some health, healthcare utilization, and financial hardship outcomes. In this study we apply causal forest and instrumental forest methods to data from the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment (OHIE), to explore heterogeneity in the uptake of health insurance, and in the effects of (a) lottery selection and (b) health insurance on a range of health-related outcomes. The findings of this study suggest that the impact of winning the lottery on the health insurance uptake varies among different subgroups based on age and race. In addition, the results generally coincide with findings in the literature regarding the overall effects: lottery selection (and insurance) reduces out-of-pocket spending, increases physician visits and drug prescriptions, with little (short-term) impact on the number of emergency department visits and hospital admissions. Despite this, we detect quite weak evidence of heterogeneity in the effects of the lottery and of health insurance across the outcomes considered.
Editorial
Authors: Siebers Johan
Published: January 2024

This issue of the European Journal for Philosophy of Communication (Empedocles), includes articles on spirituality and atheism in Soviet Russia; music, rhythm and sound in suffering and mourning in individual and collective contexts; trust in health communication in deaf contexts and, finally, the role of affect and intuition in social cognition and public communication, focusing on misinformation and public debate.
Tracking Loach: Politics, Practices, Production, David Archibald (2023)
Authors: Wayne Mike
Published: January 2024

Review of: Tracking Loach: Politics, Practices, Production, David Archibald (2023)

Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 206 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-47444-212-1, p/bk, £19.99
Crímenes contra el clero no anticlericales en la Segunda República. Cuando el jornalero José Marturet mató al cura administrador José María Razquin (un estudio de caso)
Authors: Jimeno Aranguren Roldán
Published: January 2024

La importancia histórica de los asesinatos de clérigos en la Segunda República por motivos anticlericales, ha generado que la historiografía no se haya ocupado de los crímenes de clérigos cometidos sin que existiera una motivación política o un sentimiento antirreligioso. Se analiza el homicidio cometido por José Marturet, quien mató en mayo de 1933, tras una enconada discusión, al párroco de Erice, José María Razquin, a causa de la reclamación de unos jornales que venía reclamándole infructuosamente.
The Dunes Contribution to the Ecosystem Service of Coastal Protection on the Northern Coast of RS
Authors: Silva Daniela Forgiarini da , Silva Tatiana Silva da , Esteves Luciana Slomp , Sfreddo Giuliana Andréia
Published: January 2024

Coastal dunes have a crucial role in offering the ecosystem service of natural coastal protection. This paper investigates the importance of dunes in providing the ecosystem service of natural coastal protection on the North Coast of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) in southern Brazil. The Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST®) Coastal Vulnerability Model was used to quantify the relative susceptibility to coastal erosion and flooding within the study area. First, the model was run to assess the susceptibility to coastal hazards considering the presence of dunes. Then, the model was run again without the presence of dunes. By comparing the results of the two model simulations, it was possible to identify where dunes contribute to reducing coastal exposure, which indirectly reflects their role in providing the ecosystem service of natural coastal protection. There are two main dune fields in the study area, one in the northern coastal sector and one in the southern sector, respectively in the municipalities of Torres and Cidreira. The index of exposure values produced by the two model simulations were very similar for locations along the Torres coastline. In contrast, along the coast of Cidreira, results from the model simulation without dunes produced higher exposure values than the simulation with the presence of dunes, suggesting that the dunes have an important role in offering natural coastal protection. Dunes are a natural barrier against coastal erosion and flooding, but they are not the only factor influencing the ecosystem service of coastal protection. In Torres, for instance, the local topography and the wind patterns contribute to reducing local exposure. The greatest threat in this sector is the urban sprawl.
Examination of The Relationship Between University Students' Alexithymia Symptoms, Personality Types and Internet Use Behaviors
Authors: ŞENER Özlem , KAHRAMAN Süleyman
Published: January 2024

The main aim of this study is to examine the relationship between university students' alexithymia symptoms, personality traits and internet use attitudes. The predictive power of personality types and internet use behaviors on alexithymia levels was examined. In addition, differences in the scores of alexithymia and personality types according to various demographic variables were examined. The study group consisted of 322 undergraduate students studying in four different universities in Istanbul. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale and the Eysenck Personality Brief Scale were used to collect data. According to the results obtained from the study, there was a significant relationship between alexithymia scores and personality types, while neuroticism and extraversion were found to have significant predictive power on alexithymia scores. The findings were discussed within the framework of the literature and various suggestions were presented.
Adaptation and Validation of the We-ness Questionnaire in a Turkish Sample
Authors: ÖZGÜLÜK ÜÇOK S. Burcu , AYDOĞAN Didem , TOPCU Çiğdem , RANDALL Ashley K.
Published: January 2024

We-ness refers to a feeling of unity between partners, and a mental representation of the relationship as a shared identity. Despite its relevance, research on understanding partners’ sense of we-ness is limited in collectivist cultures such as Turkey. A psychometrically sound measure of we-ness is needed to increase research on we-ness. Hence, this study aimed to examine the basic psychometrics of the We-ness Questionnaire. Two hundred and nineteen married individuals participated in this study and completed the Turkish version of the We-ness Questionnaire along with the Turkish version of the Couple Satisfaction Index, Self-developmental Orientation Subscale, and Inter-relational Orientation Subscale of the Balanced Integration and Differentiation Scale. The one-factor structure of the We-ness Questionnaire was confirmed via confirmatory factor analysis. Adequate convergent and discriminant validity besides satisfactory internal consistency results were achieved as a result of these analyses. Based on the preliminary investigation, the Turkish We-ness Questionnaire proved to be a promising measure of we-ness in Turkish married individuals. As such, the findings of this study were discussed regarding the previous literature, limitations were pointed out, and suggestions for future research were given.
Investigating EFL Teachers’ Coursebook Dependency: A Convergent Mixed-methods Study
Authors: KORKMAZGİL Sibel
Published: January 2024

Despite the digital tools and wide range of supplementary materials, coursebooks are still the most commonly used materials in English language teaching. English language teachers’ attitudes towards coursebooks is important as there is a connection between teachers’ attitudes, beliefs and practices. In this regard, this study aims to examine English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers’ coursebook dependency and how their dependence varies according to their years of experience, the type of school they work at, program and degree of graduation. Data were collected out of 99 EFL teachers working at primary, secondary and high schools. The study follows a convergent mixed methods design that includes both quantitative and qualitative data sources. Quantitative data were collected through the “Coursebook Dependency Scale” and analyzed on the SPSS 26.0 program. Qualitative data, on the other hand, were gathered through a questionnaire developed by the researcher that invites the respondents to provide metaphors for coursebooks and analyzed with content analysis. Findings revealed that majority of the teachers are moderately dependent on coursebooks and that their years of experience, school level and academic background do not have a statistically significant effect on their level of coursebook dependency. However, there appears to be a significant difference in the sub-dimension ‘practicality-based dependence’ in favor of those with an experience of 15 to 20 years.
Analysis of Middle School Mathematics Applications Textbook Activities Based on Model-Eliciting Principles
Authors: KARAMAN DÜNDAR Rüveyda , BORA Rabia Betül
Published: January 2024

Model-eliciting activities (MEA) represent a distinct form of problem-solving exercises that deviate from conventional problem-solving approaches. They encompass complex real-life scenarios characterized by multiple feasible solutions, demanding non-routine thinking with open-ended possibilities. Lesh and Doerr (2003) posit that MEA conform to specific principles, encompassing model construction, reality, self-evaluation, model externalization (construct certification), model generalization, and effective prototype principles. This study examines the compatibility of tasks in Turkey's middle school mathematics applications textbooks (grades 5-8) with the principles of model-eliciting activities (MEA). The analysis focuses on five principles: reality, model construction, self-evaluation, model documentation, and model generalization. The findings reveal varying degrees of compatibility across different grades. The reality and model generalization principles show more robust compatibility, while the model construction and model documentation principles have mixed levels of compatibility. The self-evaluation principle demonstrates varied compatibility. The study highlights strengths and areas for improvement in the tasks' alignment with MEA principles and emphasizes the importance of real-life relevance and model application. Suggestions are made to enhance explicit guidance in model construction and documentation. The study provides implications for curriculum design, teacher professional development, instructional strategies, student engagement, assessment practices, and future research in mathematics education. However, limitations, such as the absence of student perspectives and contextual factors, should be considered when interpreting the findings.
The Effect of The Manipulative Materials on The Early Mathematical Skills
Authors: BOZ Menekşe , ULUDAĞ Gonca , ERDOĞAN Serap
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the manipulative materials on the early mathematical skills of the preschool children. The research is a quantitative study in experimental design. The study group of the research was composed of 45 children, 22 experimental group and 23 control group, who are 60-72-month and attending the preschool education in the 2015-2016 educational year. The Demographic Information Form and the Test of Early Mathematics Ability-Third Edition (TEMA-3) were used as the data collection tool. For the children in the experimental group, a learning environment was established outside the classroom environment and the children interacted with the manipulative mathematical materials for six weeks. As a result of the analyses performed, a statistically significant difference was found between the pretest-posttest average scores of the children in the experimental group in favor of the posttest; a statistically significant difference was found between the posttest average scores of the children in the experimental and control group in favor of the experimental group. According to this result, it was determined that the manipulative mathematical materials had positive effects on the early mathematical skills of preschool children
The Effect of 5E Learning Cycle and Multiple Intelligence Approach on 9th Grade Students’ Achievement, Attitude, and Motivation toward Chemistry on Unit of Chemical Properties
Authors: TÜYSÜZ Mustafa , GEBAN Ömer
Published: January 2024

This research was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the based 5E learning cycle model (LCM) and Gardner's multiple intelligence theory instructions (MIT) on students’ achievement, retention level on the unit of chemical properties concepts, their attitude towards chemistry, and constructs of motivation to learn chemistry when compared with traditional instruction method (TIM). A total number of 151 ninth graders (69 male and 82 female) participated in the study. The research design was non-equivalent control group design as a type of quasi-experimental design. The chemical properties achievement test, attitude scale toward chemistry, and chemistry motivation questionnaire were applied to all groups before and after the application process. The descriptive and inferential statistics analysis was conducted to analyze the data of this investigation. The findings of the study depicted that the 5E LCM and MIT were positively effective than TIM regarding students’ achievement and retention level on unit of chemical properties concepts and their attitude toward chemistry and some constructs of motivation to learn chemistry. However, there were no differences between groups about mean of students’ self-efficacy and anxiety. Results and implications of the study were discussed.
Green Production of Chitin from Black Soldier Fly Pupae Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Berghuis Nila Tanyela , Salsabila Raisya , Fridarima Shanny , Pabo Ananda Azhari Aprianty , Sari Intan Puspita
Published: January 2024

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) are eco-sustainable, non-toxic, non-volatile, renewable, reusable, and biodegradable, and are composed of natural compounds. NADES were developed as a new-generation solvent for extracting chitin from black soldier fly (BSF) pupae, and its effectiveness for demineralization and deproteinization was determined. Here, two promising NADES, consisting of mixtures of choline chloride-betaine-xylitol (NADES A) and choline chloride-malic acid-water (NADES B), were tested. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the changes in the chemical composition of the extracted chitin. α-chitin revealed at wavenumbers 1660-1500 cm-1, in the amide group and decomposed at 330-350°C. NADES A and NADES B have a crystalline index of 91.65% and 90.65%, respectively. The chitin-NADES A and chitin-NADES B surfaces reveal the repetition of square, pentagonal, and hexagonal units (250× magnification) and fibrils (25,000× magnification). This study provides a green approach for chitin production from BSF and reveals the potential of NADES for extracting bio-polymers from natural sources.
K problematice tělesných trestů ve vývoji rodinné výchovy a školního vzdělávání
Authors: Rýdl Karel , Zitková Helena
Published: January 2024

Předmětem následujícího textu je poskytnutí přehledu vývoje problematiky tělesných (fyzických) trestů v českých zemích jako logického zdroje současného stavu názorů na fyzické trestání dětí. Pod vlivem nového paradigmatu v pojetí dítěte se postupně mění společenský pohled na řadu pedagogických kategorií, včetně trestů, i když jde o proměnu velmi zdlouhavou. Autoři se opírají o nové poznatky neurověd, které prokazují negativní vliv trestů na zdravý vývoj dítěte a potvrzují dosavadní intuitivní výsledky respektujících a nenásilných pedagogických přístupů ve školách i při výchově v rodině. Z české legislativy je zřejmé, že ve školách nejsou tělesné tresty přípustné, nicméně nepřípustnost tělesných trestů v rodinném prostředí není nikde deklarativně ukotvena, ačkoli byla Česká republika na tento nedostatek upozorněna Evropským výborem pro sociální práva již v roce 2015. Závěrečná část textu je věnována aktuálnímu stavu problematiky, jak ji vnímá i pod mezinárodním vlivem nejen široká veřejnost, ale také česká justice a současné politické elity. Autoři tak v textu nahlížejí na aktuální společenskou diskusi o tématu tělesných trestů a proces implementace nového ustanovení do platné české legislativy.
Video games and Facebook addiction among Tunisian adolescents: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Amara Amel , Omri Nihel , Limam Manel , Bannour Rania , Mellouli Menel , Ghardallou Mariem , Zedini Chekib , Sahli Jihene , Mtiraoui Ali
Published: January 2024

Objectives

As social media and online gaming technology have developed very rapidly over the last two decades, their paired issues are of growing concern worldwide. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of video game and Facebook addiction and its predictive factors among Tunisian in school adolescents.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among in school adolescents in Sousse, Tunisia, over the first academic term of the 2019–2020 school year using a self-administered questionnaire to a randomly selected representative sample of 1,353 students. The valid Arabic version of the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS), the Video Game Addiction Scale (GAS-7), the Beck Depression Inventory Short Form (13 items) and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED-C) were used to assess facebook addiction disorder (FAD), internet gaming disorder (IGD), depression and anxiety respectively.

Results

More than one in four pupils (26.1 %; CI 95 %: 23.8–28.4 %) were identified as problematic video game users and almost a third of participants (32.5 %; CI 95 %: 30–35 %) reported FAD. IGD was significantly associated with FAD (p<0.001). Likewise, pupils exhibiting depressive symptoms as well as those with anxiety symptoms were significantly more likely to be problematic video games and Facebook users (p<0.001 for each). Being addicted to Facebook (AOR=1.83, 95 % CI: 1.18–2.81), experiencing anxiety disorders (AOR=2.43, 95 % CI: 1.52–3.88), being male (AOR=2.51, 95 % CI: 1.95–3.23) and spending more than 4 h per day surfing the net (AOR=2.55, 95 % CI: 1.65–3.96) were the determinants of IGD in the multivariate analysis. Similarly, being addicted to video games (AOR=1.82, 95 % CI: 1.21–2.73), experiencing anxiety disorders (AOR=1.85, 95 % CI: 1.20–2.86), having experienced academic failure (AOR=1.73, 95 % CI: 1.16–2.56), and spending more than 4 h per day on social media (AOR=3.75, 95 % CI: 2.38–5.90) were the predictors of FAD.

Conclusions

The prevalence of problematic use of video games and Facebook is alarmingly high. Identifying risk factors can help screen high-risk adolescents. We need additional prevention measures addressing not just adolescents, but all risk factors.
“Looking like a boarding school student”: the construction of unequal personhood in language policy in education
Authors: Phyak Prem
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the construction of unequal personhood in the institutional logics for the implementation of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) policy. I build on the theories of figures of personhood and figured worlds to discuss how institutions (public schools) use multiple semiotic resources to characterize students’ diverse personality traits that reproduce neoliberal subjectivities shaping their EMI policies. The data for this article are drawn from ethnographic observations and interviews with the teachers from two Nepali public schools that have recently introduced a segregated EMI policy. The analysis of data shows that EMI schools use ‘śikṣita’, ‘sabhya’ and ‘yogya’ personality traits to justify the relevance of EMI policy to produce the educated person. The construction of such person types is shaped by sociocultural and political-economic ideologies and build unequal personhood, reinforcing neoliberal subjecthood and epistemic injustice. My recommendation is that we need to pay attention to examining how language policies in education construct unequal personhood by assigning, imposing, and imaging discriminatory personality traits which remain as the foundation of social injustice.
Discursive formation of personalities: life trajectories of a transnational doctoral student between the UK and China
Authors: Shi Yu (Aimee)
Published: January 2024

Contributing to existing studies on global circuits of knowledge and labour, this paper presents a case study of Andy – a Chinese doctoral student in the UK – and looks at his transition from higher education to later joining the labour market after returning to China through the lens of personality traits. It draws upon literature on language socialisation and sociolinguistic studies of mobility, focusing on how social actors navigate transnational higher education and the consequences on professional development in a neoliberalising market economy. It aims to investigate how (in)appropriate personhood – as manifested in recurrent personality attributes – is enacted and negotiated in specific learning contexts in Andy’s trajectory and the impact on employability, with various types of data consisting of participant observation, interviews, and relevant materials. The analysis suggests that Andy has been trained to engage communicatively with academic tasks in higher education settings. However, Andy considers himself lacking certain personality variables that could align with the criteria of a “good doctoral student” depicted by the institutions, such as being independent, motivated, and self-disciplined. Andy gradually shows disorientation in an academic career, albeit finding his inadequacy to perform the desired professional personhood in a labour market that values working experience and communication skills over education certification. This process explains why sometimes the expected communicative repertories and training acquired in higher education are not transferable into valuable resources that Andy can mobilise to become employed. This paper argues that neoliberal rationality has stratifying effects on individuals primarily due to an emphasis on self-responsibility and constant improvements. In transnational higher education, certain personality traits are considered desirable and lacking such characteristics can have side effects on mobile actors like Andy, who navigate the globalising labour market through uncertainty and precarity.
Caring and loving teachers online: personality in the feminized labour of Filipina English Language teachers
Authors: Simpson William , Tajima Misako
Published: January 2024

What kind of people are language teachers? In this article we address this question by examining commercial forms of language teaching in which personality functions in the evaluation of particular teachers as “good” or “suitable” for particular learners. We relate commercial forms of the online teaching of English to global political economic changes in which affective labour in service work, and the feminization of labour, have involved new gendered relations between the global North and South in recent decades. We focus on the emergence of particular forms of commercial online English teaching that bring Filipina teacher labour into relation with Japanese learners as customers. We relate the affective nature of the labour Filipina teachers are expected to perform, in terms of being teachers who are kind, cheerful, always smiling, and able to produce a feeling of ease or relaxation in their learner-customers, to the feminization of labour in service industries more broadly. We present the feminized affective labour of Filipina teachers of English, as an illustration of the partiality and situatedness of discourses of personality in online platforms and customer reviews. Here, personality becomes salient for teachers within particular gendered and racialised relations, where personality serves a substitutionary role in compensating for professional skill, knowledge or nativeness. As such, discourses of personality draw on patriarchal notions of women as “naturally caring” or “working out of love” which permeate low paid and precarious forms of language teaching. We conclude by discussing future directions and issues for work which examines the object of teachers’ care or love – caring or loving for who or what?
Improving ranking quality and fairness in Swiss-system chess tournaments
Authors: Sauer Pascal , Cseh Ágnes , Lenzner Pascal
Published: January 2024

The International Chess Federation (FIDE) imposes a voluminous and complex set of player pairing criteria in Swiss-system chess tournaments and endorses computer programs that are able to calculate the prescribed pairings. The purpose of these formalities is to ensure that players are paired fairly during the tournament and that the final ranking corresponds to the players’ true strength order. We contest the official FIDE player pairing routine by presenting alternative pairing rules. These can be enforced by computing maximum weight matchings in a carefully designed graph. We demonstrate by extensive experiments that a tournament format using our mechanism (1) yields fairer pairings in the rounds of the tournament and (2) produces a final ranking that reflects the players’ true strengths better than the state-of-the-art FIDE pairing system.
Rapid Online Corrections for Proprioceptive and Visual Perturbations Recruit Similar Circuits in Primary Motor Cortex
Authors: Cross Kevin P. , Cook Douglas J. , Scott Stephen H.
Published: January 2024

An important aspect of motor function is our ability to rapidly generate goal-directed corrections for disturbances to the limb or behavioral goal. The primary motor cortex (M1) is a key region involved in processing feedback for rapid motor corrections, yet we know little about how M1 circuits are recruited by different sources of sensory feedback to make rapid corrections. We trained two male monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to make goal-directed reaches and on random trials introduced different sensory errors by either jumping the visual location of the goal (goal jump), jumping the visual location of the hand (cursor jump), or applying a mechanical load to displace the hand (proprioceptive feedback). Sensory perturbations evoked a broad response in M1 with ∼73% of neurons (n = 257) responding to at least one of the sensory perturbations. Feedback responses were also similar as response ranges between the goal and cursor jumps were highly correlated (range ofr = [0.91, 0.97]) as were the response ranges between the mechanical loads and the visual perturbations (range ofr = [0.68, 0.86]). Lastly, we identified the neural subspace each perturbation response resided in and found a strong overlap between the two visual perturbations (range of overlap index, 0.73–0.89) and between the mechanical loads and visual perturbations (range of overlap index, 0.36–0.47) indicating each perturbation evoked similar structure of activity at the population level. Collectively, our results indicate rapid responses to errors from different sensory sources target similar overlapping circuits in M1.
Divergent Learning-Related Transcriptional States of Cortical Glutamatergic Neurons
Authors: Dunton Katie L. , Hedrick Nathan G. , Meamardoost Saber , Ren Chi , Howe James R. , Wang Jing , Root Cory M. , Gunawan Rudiyanto , Komiyama Takaki , Zhang Ying , Hwang Eun Jung
Published: January 2024

Experience-dependent gene expression reshapes neural circuits, permitting the learning of knowledge and skills. Most learning involves repetitive experiences during which neurons undergo multiple stages of functional and structural plasticity. Currently, the diversity of transcriptional responses underlying dynamic plasticity during repetition-based learning is poorly understood. To close this gap, we analyzed single-nucleus transcriptomes of L2/3 glutamatergic neurons of the primary motor cortex after 3 d motor skill training or home cage control in water-restricted male mice. “Train” and “control” neurons could be discriminated with high accuracy based on expression patterns of many genes, indicating that recent experience leaves a widespread transcriptional signature across L2/3 neurons. These discriminating genes exhibited divergent modes of coregulation, differentiating neurons into discrete clusters of transcriptional states. Several states showed gene expressions associated with activity-dependent plasticity. Some of these states were also prominent in the previously published reference, suggesting that they represent both spontaneous and task-related plasticity events. Markedly, however, two states were unique to our dataset. The first state, further enriched by motor training, showed gene expression suggestive of late-stage plasticity with repeated activation, which is suitable for expected emergent neuronal ensembles that stably retain motor learning. The second state, equally found in both train and control mice, showed elevated levels of metabolic pathways and norepinephrine sensitivity, suggesting a response to common experiences specific to our experimental conditions, such as water restriction or circadian rhythm. Together, we uncovered divergent transcriptional responses across L2/3 neurons, each potentially linked with distinct features of repetition-based motor learning such as plasticity, memory, and motivation.
USAGE OF BIOSURFACTANTS AS ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY DETERGENTS FOR TEXTILE PRODUCTS CLEANING
Authors: PARASKA OLGA , SYNYUK OLEH , RADEK NORBERT , ZOLOTENKO ELLA , MYKHAYLOVSKIY YURIY
Published: January 2024

The paper is devoted to the resource-saving technologies of cleaning the textiles in the aquatic environment. As a resource-saving technology the use of biosurfactant compositions replacing traditional detergents was chosen. These technologies are characterized by high quality cleaning the textile garments, reduced time of operations, reduction of the costs of chemicals and energy, improvement of environmental safety of the process and and also allow to extend the shelf life of products. Resource-saving cleaning technologies (washing, aqua cleaning) have been improved and recommendations for their application have been developed, considering changes in the operational properties of new generation textiles, which will extend the service life of new generation textiles, save operational properties, enable their eco-recycling (reuse) and reduce the impact on the environment and human health through the use of biosurfactant compositions. Innovative compositions of biosurfactants with a synergistic effect in micelle formation were elaborated. Steric factor associated with the rational packaging of biosurfactants molecules in mixed micelles, as well as the possibility of forming micelles of optimal composition can influence synergistic effect. The use of elaborated compositions of biosurfactants in washing processes offers several environmental and health advantages. The complex research of influencing parameters of chemical-technological processes and properties of washing compositions on the basis of correlations the products of new generation were developed that provides improvement of quality of removal of contaminations from textiles and process safety. It is proved that the application of the developed resource-saving technologies saves 10 liters of water per cleaning cycle, 0.0348 kWh of electricity, and 0.142 hours of working time.
RESEARCH OF VARIABLE PARAMETERS OF NEEDLE THREAD TAKE-UP MECHANISMS AND DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ADJUSTING MULTI-THREAD CHAIN STITCH SEWING MACHINES
Authors: MANOILENKO OLEKSANDR , НOROBETC VASYL , DVORZHAK VOLODYMYR , KOVALOV YURII , KNIAZIEV ILLIA , SHKVYRA VOLODYMYR
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to develop specific recommendations for optimizing the adjustment of the thread take-up mechanisms of typical chain stitch sewing machines based on the analysis of the thread take-up process. These recommendations are intended to help manufacturers and machine operators achieve maximum productivity and increased product quality, while taking into account the specific technological parameters of the operations performed on these machines. The research is aimed at increasing the efficiency of the sewing process, reducing machine setup time, and improving the overall result of the technological process in the sewing industry. The research uses an analytical method of determining and investigating functions of the actual thread take-up as the instantaneous sum of sections of the take-up contour when adjustable parameters of the mechanisms are changed, taking into account accepted assumptions. In the research, an analytical method was used to determine functions of the actual thread take-up as the instantaneous sum of sections of the take-up contour, taking into account the change in regulated parameters of the mechanisms. At the same time, assumptions were made that has simplified analysis and modelling of this process with sufficient accuracy of calculation results. The scientific novelty of this research lies in discovery of new relationships and establishment of regularities that determine influence of adjustable parameters on the nature and scope of the thread take-up function in chain stitch machines. Further re-search in this area can be aimed to the development of more efficient methods of adjustment and optimization of needle thread take-up mechanisms, as well as to the implementation of new technologies in pro-duction to improve productivity and quality of sewing operations. The obtained results became basis for the development of nomograms for determining the optimal values of adjustable parameters for needle thread take-up mechanisms of typical flat chain stitch machines, taking into account technological parameters of specific operations. These nomograms allow operators and manufacturers of sewing machines significantly simplify adjustment of these mechanisms when using operational equipment or when switching to other technological operations. The obtained results can be applied directly in production during adjustment or repairing of specified ma-chines to increase their productivity by reducing adjustment time and for improving the quality of the technological process.
Latino Group Consciousness as a Resource
Authors: Ruiz Bienvenido
Published: January 2024

This study examines the role that identity as a racialized minority plays in the life decisions and careers of Mexican Americans three generations after immigration. Life and family histories were obtained from interviews with third-generation adult Mexican Americans and their second-generation parents, from twenty-eight families of varying socioeconomic status. The expressive forms of pan-Latino group consciousness among these US-born Mexican Americans were found to relate to individual and family patterns of social mobility, with those in high-skilled professions more inclined than their working-class counterparts to frame their occupational choices as a commitment to bettering the prospects of poorer Hispanics. Upwardly mobile respondents expressed a sense of “linked fate” with poorer and immigrant Latinos as fellow members of a racialized minority, and this often shaped their career decisions. At the same time, continued engagement with Latino cultures and immigrant communities enabled some middle-class respondents to build unique forms of human, social, and cultural capital that enhanced their career opportunities. Following recent developments in Latino critical race theory, I propose the term “Latino identity capital” to identify the socially constructed resources developed by Mexican Americans as they adapt to their situation as upwardly mobile members of a racialized minority.
Between Nationalism and Feminism
Authors: Fernández-García Andrea
Published: January 2024

This essay departs from monological approaches that have treated Mary Helen Ponce’s Hoyt Street: An Autobiography solely as a nationalist text that defends the Los Angeles barrio of Pacoima against Anglo domination. Heeding Gloria Anzaldúa’s assertion that it is the writer’s duty to defend her cultura but also to critique internal patriarchal structures that discriminate against women, I argue that Ponce’s work is a multidimensional text that advances both a nationalist and a feminist narrative. First, I draw on Raúl Homero Villa’s work on barriological culture to demonstrate that Hoyt Street upholds nationalist ideals and sentiments. It promotes cultural practices that foster the author’s sense of pride and belonging while also criticizing dominant views of the barrio as a space of disruption. Second, I focus on the different forms of feminist critique that the text makes possible. The discourses of machismo, marianismo, and malinchismo oppress women in Pacoima, instilling in Ponce feelings of disillusionment. At the same time, women’s traditional roles as social and biological reproducers at times provide a source of strength in relation to patriarchy. Finally, I engage with Chela Sandoval’s theory of “differential consciousness” to better understand the text’s ambivalent embrace of conflicting standpoints and sentiments.
Metacognitive Conceptual Change (MCC) Learning Model: Improving Students' Conceptual Change through Metacognitive Skills, Motivation, and Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Syahmani S. , Hafizah E. , Sholahuddin A. , Sauqina S. , Prasetyo Y. D. , Rahman N. F. A.
Published: January 2024

Conceptual change (CC) is a learning process in which students’ misconceptions are transformed into more scientific knowledge. The Metacognitive Conceptual Change (MCC) learning model is created by incorporating metacognitive skills and motivation elements into the CC model to make it more effective. It is necessary to look into the MCC model’s efficacy in encouraging students’ CC. This study aims to evaluate the MCC model’s effectiveness in improving conceptual changes in students through metacognitive skills, motivation, and scientific knowledge. This study used the experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The trial subjects were limited to 25 participants, while the broad trial subjects comprised 60 participants. Data was collected from tests, observations, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used in this study were descriptive, qualitative (n-gain test), and quantitative (paired t-test). The results demonstrate that the MCC learning model successfully raises students’ motivation, scientific knowledge, and metacognitive skills (p Sig. 0.05), encouraging the CC process. It is concluded that the MCC learning model effectively improves students’ CC by incorporating scientific knowledge, motivation, and metacognitive skills into instructional decisions. The MCC has practical implications for assessing CC through motivation and metacognitive scaffolding.
Claims for the Rights of Third Parties in Good Faith Against Confiscation of Goods in Corruption Criminal Decisions
Authors: Ndaomanu Melkianus
Published: January 2024

The judge has the authority to impose additional criminal decisions in criminal acts of corruption in the form of confiscation of goods belonging to third parties in good faith. Article 19 Paragraph (2) of the Anti-Corruption Law states that third parties who have good intentions can claim their rights (object) to the confiscation of goods in a corruption crime decision no later than 2 (two) months after the court decision is pronounced in a hearing open to the public. However, the Corruption Law does not clearly regulate how to submit and examine objections so that in practice there are differences in interpretation by the applicant, respondent and judge in submissions and examinations at trial, so that there is no guarantee of unity and certainty in the legal application of rights claims (objections) to confiscation of goods in the decision of criminal acts of corruption. The legal problem that arises is what are the regulations regarding the submission and examination of claims (objections) of third parties who have good intentions regarding the confiscation of goods in the decision of a criminal act of corruption? Regulations regarding the submission and examination of claims for the rights of third parties in good faith regarding the confiscation of goods in decisions regarding criminal acts of corruption, including the legal position of the parties, method and time of submission, authority to adjudicate, evidence, and legal remedies and implementation of the decision.