bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of flow measurement mechanism and hydraulic characteristics of the NACA airfoil pillar-shaped flume with different wing lengths in a rectangular channel
Authors: Sun Bin , Yang Lei , Zhu Shun , Zhang Haijia , Zhang Chao , Zhang Jinping
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the application of NACA airfoil pillar-shaped flumes and the influence of their wing lengths on flow measurement characteristics are discussed. The standard k-ε three-dimensional turbulence model and the volume of fluid (VOF) method were used for numerical simulation of the flow in six NACA airfoil pillar-shaped flumes with different wing lengths. In addition, to verify the accuracy of numerical simulations, the corresponding experiments were conducted. The Buckingham Pi theorem of dimensional analysis coupled with the incomplete self-similarity theory was applied to deduce the theoretical flow calculation formula of these flumes. Moreover, Froude number, velocity distribution, backwater height, critical submergence, and energy loss of the flume were analyzed, for which the experimental and numerical results are compared and further discussed. The results show that the backwater height is directly proportional to the wing length, while the head loss and critical submergence are inversely proportional to the wing length. Based on the results, in terms of backwater height, it is recommended to use the NACA airfoil pillar-shaped flume with a smaller wing length, while, in terms of head loss and critical submergence, the NACA airfoil pillar-shaped flume with a larger wing length should be used.
NUMERICAL AND PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION OF A ONE-DIMENSIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING
Authors: SHLYAPKIN Alexey S. , TATOSOV Alexey V.
Published: April 2021

At present, an active policy of import substitution is being pursued, dictated by the imposed international sanctions, which creates a need for finding optimal engineering solutions, in particular, in the field of creating Russian software.
In the study and design of hydraulic fracturing, they often rely on the results of modeling in specialized simulators. The appearance of the Russian products on the software market, surely, sets the correct vector of development; however, some aspects are not implemented in the existing mathematical models.
The authors of this article present a model that allows considering in detail the process of movement of proppant particles in a hydraulic fracture. The chosen direction is important from the point of view of calculating the fracture cavity and refining its productivity, since the behavior of the particles has a significant effect on both the growth potential of the crack and its shape.
The research methodology includes a theoretical justification of the mathematical model presented by the authors in their previous works; a description of the basic principles of selecting and constructing a numerical calculation scheme and creating a software package. The main methods of research are the methods of mathematical modeling, formed from practical problems on the estimation of geometric parameters of the crack, including the areas of continuum mechanics and fracture of solids, underground hydrodynamics.
The proposed and implemented numerically mathematical model forms the basis of the authors’ software package, which allows solving the main design problems when performing hydraulic fracturing operations.
ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INNOVATION LEVEL AND THE PROCESS OF DISTRIBUTING GENERATIONS OF AN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCT
Authors: Brand Albert E. , KUTRUNOV Vladimir N. , YAKUBOVSKIY Yuriy E.
Published: April 2021

This article assesses the relationship between the level of innovation and the process of spreading generations of an industrial product among the consumers on the example of generations of a stationary game console from Sony. This work follows the scientific direction of modeling and forecasting the spread of innovations; it contains the results of the analysis of the dynamics in the change of successive generations of an industrial product. The relevance of the research topic lies in the increased competition between companies engaged in innovative activities. This results in the need to determine the reasonable directions of technical, technological, and market development of the developed innovations in the form of new and improved products.
This study uses the mathematical model by F. Bass, supplemented by the provisions of T. Islam and N. Meade on the variability of consumer behavior of different generations. The conducted review of research literature has revealed an insufficient elaboration of the issue of a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the relationship between the rate of spread of generations and the changes made to them. The authors draw hypotheses about the independence of the market potentials of successive generations from each other and the dependence of the level of innovativeness of the next generation of industrial products on technological, consumer and marketing changes. As a set of changes, this article proposes parameters of the purchase price and the cost of operating each generation. The authors have tested the hypothesis on statistical data of generational sales for 1994-2019 using correlation analysis.
The results have shown the absence of the influence of the market potentials of successive generations from each other, as well as the presence of a connection and its strength between the level of innovativeness of the next generation and the changes made in the generations. The data obtained can be used for further mathematical formalization of the influence of the level of innovativeness of generations on the process of their distribution.
Isolamento e quantificação de Pectobacterium spp. em água de irrigação utilizando meio cristal violeta pectato
Authors: Aline Aparecida dos Santos  , Jorge Luiz Moretti De Souza  , Tiago Miguel Jareck  , Mariana Vasconcelos Barroca
Published: April 2021

Testou-se o meio cristal violeta pectato (CVP) para isolar e quantificar bactérias do gênero Pectobacterium na água de irrigação de hortaliças, em três locais de Colônia Murici, Paraná. Amostras de água foram coletadas ao longo de um ano, em dois reservatórios (“B” e “C”) e uma nascente. Preparou-se o meio CVP adaptado (pectina cítrica no lugar de pectina de sódio), que foi testado com isolado padrão de Pectobacterium carotovorum. As amostras foram inoculadas, com 15 repetições, e incubadas a 28ºC por 10 dias; posteriormente se realizaram a contagem das colônias e repicagem. A concentração (UFC ml−1) nas amostras foi calculada com a média obtida de 15 microgotas. Obtiveram-se 83 isolados de bactérias pectolíticas, e 21 foram testados quanto à patogenicidade em frutos de pimentão; nenhum apresentou sintoma de podridão mole. O fator de maior influência na quantidade de bactérias foi a precipitação acumulada sete dias antes da coleta, sendo o reservatório “B” o que evidenciou maior correlação. O meio CVP adaptado permitiu isolar e quantificar Pectobacterium spp. em água de irrigação de hortaliças, ao nível de detecção de 5.10−1. As amostras e o período analisados apresentaram baixo risco de contaminação das hortaliças pela água de irrigação.
ECOBOT: TECNOLOGIA E SUSTENTABILIDADE NA PRODUÇÃO DE TOY ART
Authors: Ricardo Lima de Mello  , Gilbertto dos Santos Prado
Published: April 2021

Por meio de um boneco de toy art, designers do mundo todo têm expressado sua criatividade e fortalecido sua identidade no mercado criando uma geração de novos consumidores de arte engajados em temas sociais e ambientais. No Brasil, com o aumento do dólar, os materiais tradicionais importados para a construção de um toy art, como o vinil, por exemplo, ficaram extremamente caros, o que desfavorece a produção dos designers brasileiros, que precisam buscar novos materiais acessíveis e inovar em suas produções. Este artigo apresenta uma alternativa para a construção de bonecos toy art, utilizando como material base lixo eletrônico e embalagens usadas de produtos cotidianos, como desodorantes, xampus, achocolatados etc., explorando os potenciais estéticos e físicos que esses materiais oferecem e novos processos para dar movimento às produções.
Kadınlarda Sosyal Onay İhtiyacı, Kendini Sansürleme İsteği ve Depresyon Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yukay Yüksel Müge , Özgür-şahin Şeniz , Ekici Gözde
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, kadınların sosyal onay ihtiyaçları, kendini sansürleme istekleri ve depresyon düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 35 yaş ve üzeri kadınlar oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla; Sosyal Onay İhtiyacı Ölçeği, Kendini Sansürleme İsteği Ölçeği ve Beck Depresyon Envanteri kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Spearman Korelasyon Analizi, Kruskal Wallis H Testi, Bağımsız Gruplar t Testi ve Mann Whitney U Testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular incelendiğinde, sosyal onay ihtiyacı ile kendini sansürleme isteği ve sosyal onay ihtiyacı ile depresyon düzeyi arasında pozitif yönde orta düzeyde manidar bir ilişkinin olduğu görülmüştür. Kendini sansürleme isteği ile depresyon düzeyi arasında ise pozitif yönde düşük düzeyde manidar bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Bağımsız değişkenlerin (eğitim durumu, çalışma durumu, medeni durum, sosyal güvence, aile tipi) etkisini incelemek adına yapılan fark testleri sonuçlarına göre sosyal onay ihtiyacı aile tipine göre manidar bir farklılık göstermiştir. Kendini sansürleme isteğinin eğitim durumuna, çalışma durumuna ve medeni duruma göre manidar bir şekilde farklılaştığı bulunmuştur. Depresyon düzeyinin ise çalışma durumuna göre manidar bir şekilde farklılaştığı görülmüştür.
Efficiency Marketing of Onion In Bantul Regency
Authors: Priantika Wulan , Hardyastuti Suhatmini , Irham Irham
Published: April 2021

Onion is one of the potential horticultural plants in Yogyakarta Special Region. Onion production center is located in District Saden and Imogiri District, Bantul regency. This research has objectives to (1) know the onion marketing chain in Bantul Regency and (2) to know the most efficient marketing channel using Acharya method. Respondents were randomly selected as many as 60 onion farmers in Bantul District. Snowball method is used to get two wholesalers, three merchant collectors, and three retailers by following the distribution of onion sales from farmers to consumers. The results showed that the onion marketing chain in Bantul district consists of three marketing channels. The most abundant onion chain of marketing compositions in Bantul District is farmers-wholesalers-collectors-retailers-consumers, farmers-wholesalers-collectors, and farmers- collectors-retailers. Marketing on onion in Bantul Regency is done most efficiently in the third marketing channel that is farmers-collectors-retailers. This research is expected to give information about the marketing chain of onion in Bantul regency.
Analysis of 7P Marketing Mix Factors on Consumer Buying Interests Dodol Kawista Cap Dewa Burung in Rembang District
Authors: Rahmawanti Abdillah , Handayani Sugiharti , Setyowati Setyowati
Published: April 2021

Kawista is a typical plant in Rembang that can be proceseds into food products, known as dodol kawista. MSME Dewa Burung is a business process which processes kawista fruit into dodol to gain higher selling value. This study aims to determine the impact of the marketing mix on consumer buying interests and to determine the variables that have the most dominant effect. The research method used is descriptive and quantitative. Sample selection using accidental sampling method with 100 respondents. The location has chosen by the purposive method. This research used primary and secondary data with observational data collection techniques, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 25. The results showed that individually variable products, places, people, processes, and physical evidence had a positive significant relationship on consumer’s buying interests, while price and promotion variables had negative significant relationship. All variables have a significant relationship collectively with consumer buying interests and the most dominant variable in process.
Ekstraksi Oleoresin dari Kulit Mangga Kuweni (Mangifera Odorata. Griff) dengan Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) Bertingkat
Authors:   Universitas Padjajaran, Rachma Dannisa Fathiya , Widyasanti Asri ,   Universitas Padjajaran, Harnesa Selly ,   Universitas Padjajaran
Published: April 2021

Kulit mangga kuweni yang tergolong agak tebal, masih belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik sehingga sering kali terbuang dan tidak terpakai. Limbah kulit mangga yang tidak terpakai dapat mencemari lingkungan karena nilai BOD dan COD yang cukup tinggi yaitu 720 dan 815 mg/L. Bentuk pemanfaatan limbah salah satunya dengan mengekstraksi kandungan oleoresin didalamnya. Oleoresin merupakan campuran antara minyak atsiri dan resin yang diperoleh dari hasil ekstraksi. Oleoresin diharapkan mampu menjadi alternatif bentuk penyimpanan senyawa volatil yang terdapat pada kulit mangga kuweni. Penelitian ini menggunakan Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) bertingkat, dimana ekstraksi pertama dilakukan menggunakan pelarut n-heksana untuk mengambil komponen nonpolar dan ekstraksi kedua menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% untuk mengambil komponen polar. Perbandingan jumlah bahan dengan pelarut yang digunakan yaitu 1:25, dengan berat bahan baku 10 gram. UAE dilakukan selama 40 menit, amplitudo 50%, 500 W, dan 20 kHz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil ekstraksi pertama menggunakan pelarut n-heksana sebesar 0.25 gram dan hasil ekstraksi kedua menggunakan pelarut etanol dengan rasio sebesar 2.24 gram.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Pengaduk Adonan Kerupuk Bawang (Studi Kasus di Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Sakinah, Cimahi)
Authors:   Universitas Padjajaran, Ledianti Vibi , Yusuf Asep ,   Universitas Padjajaran, Widyasanti Asri ,   Universitas Padjajaran
Published: April 2021

UKM Sakinah merupakan usaha kecil menengah skala industri rumahan yang memproduksi aneka olahan makanan, salah satu diantanya yaitu kerupuk. Proses pembuatan kerupuk di UKM Sakinah masih mengandalkan tenaga manusia pada tahap pengadukkan adonan. Hal tersebut menjadi salah satu kendala di UKM Sakinah karena tidak dapat memenuhi permintaan akibat jumlah produksi yang sangat terbatas. Kegiatan pengadukan adonan merupakan proses yang paling lama dan terberat dalam pembuatan kerupuk, dalam satu kali proses pembuatan UKM Sakinah hanya mampu mengaduk adonan sebesar 2 kg dalam waktu 20 menit agar adonan menjadi kalis. Mengatasi kendala tersebut, maka diperlukan adanya perancangan mesin, pembuatan mesin dan uji kinerja mesin. Adanya mesin pengaduk adonan kerupuk ini diharapkan dapat mengatasi keterbatasan produksi di UKM Sakinah. Perancangan mesin pengaduk adonan secara rinci dilakukan perhitungan dimensi meliputi menghitung daya motor penggerak, sistem transmisi, poros, pin, bantalan, analisis kekuatan rangka dan analisis kekuatan las. Mesin Pengaduk adonan kerupuk bawang ini memiliki dimensi panjang 1000 mm, tinggi 1070 mm, dan lebar 600 mm. Kapasitas aktual yang dihasilkan pada saat uji kinerja yaitu 45.31 kg/jam dan rendemen sebesar 98.09%.
Comparison of Intercom and Megaphone Hashtags Using Four Years of Tweets From the Top 44 Schools of Nursing: Thematic Analysis
Authors: Acquaviva Kimberly
Published: April 2021

Background

When this study began in 2018, I sought to determine the extent to which the top 50 schools of nursing were using hashtags that could attract attention from journalists on Twitter. In December 2020, the timeframe was expanded to encompass 2 more years of data, and an analysis was conducted of the types of hashtags used.

Objective

The study attempted to answer the following question: to what extent are top-ranked schools of nursing using hashtags that could attract attention from journalists, policy makers, and the public on Twitter?

Methods

In February 2018, 47 of the top 50 schools of nursing had public Twitter accounts. The most recent 3200 tweets were extracted from each account and analyzed. There were 31,762 tweets in the time period covered (September 29, 2016, through February 22, 2018). After 13,429 retweets were excluded, 18,333 tweets remained. In December 2020, 44 of the original 47 schools of nursing still had public Twitter accounts under the same name used in the first phase of the study. Three accounts that were no longer active were removed from the 2016-2018 data set, resulting in 16,939 tweets from 44 schools of nursing. The Twitter data for the 44 schools of nursing were obtained for the time period covered in the second phase of the study (February 23, 2018, through December 13, 2020), and the most recent 3200 tweets were extracted from each of the accounts. On excluding retweets, there were 40,368 tweets in the 2018-2020 data set. The 2016-2018 data set containing 16,939 tweets was merged with the 2018-2020 data set containing 40,368 tweets, resulting in 57,307 tweets in the 2016-2020 data set.

Results

Each hashtag used 100 times or more in the 2016-2020 data set was categorized as one of the following seven types: nursing, school, conference or tweet chat, health, illness/disease/condition, population, and something else. These types were then broken down into the following two categories: intercom hashtags and megaphone hashtags. Approximately 83% of the time, schools of nursing used intercom hashtags (inward-facing hashtags focused on in-group discussion within and about the profession). Schools of nursing rarely used outward-facing megaphone hashtags. There was no discernible shift in the way that schools of nursing used hashtags after the publication of The Woodhull Study Revisited.

Conclusions

Top schools of nursing use hashtags more like intercoms to communicate with other nurses rather than megaphones to invite attention from journalists, policy makers, and the public. If schools of nursing want the media to showcase their faculty members as experts, they need to increase their use of megaphone hashtags to connect the work of their faculty with topics of interest to the public.
A Virtual Cardiovascular Care Program for Prevention of Heart Failure Readmissions in a Skilled Nursing Facility Population: Retrospective Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Friedman Daniel M , Goldberg Jana M , Molinsky Rebecca L , Hanson Mark A , Castaño Adam , Raza Syed-Samar , Janas Nodar , Celano Peter , Kapoor Karen , Telaraja Jina , Torres Maria L , Jain Nayan , Wessler Jeffrey D
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Patients with heart failure (HF) in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) have 30-day hospital readmission rates as high as 43%. A virtual cardiovascular care program, consisting of patient selection, initial televisit, postconsultation care planning, and follow-up televisits, was developed and delivered by Heartbeat Health, Inc., a cardiovascular digital health company, to 11 SNFs (3510 beds) in New York. The impact of this program on the expected SNF 30-day HF readmission rate is unknown, particularly in the COVID-19 era.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study was to assess whether a virtual cardiovascular care program could reduce the 30-day hospital readmission rate for patients with HF discharged to SNF relative to the expected rate for this population.

METHODS

We performed a retrospective case review of SNF patients who received a virtual cardiology consultation between August 2020 and February 2021. Virtual cardiologists conducted 1 or more telemedicine visit via smartphone, tablet, or laptop for cardiac patients identified by a SNF care team. Postconsult care plans were communicated to SNF clinical staff. Patients included in this analysis had a preceding index admission for HF.

RESULTS

We observed lower hospital readmission among patients who received 1 or more virtual consultations compared with the expected readmission rate for both cardiac (3% vs 10%, respectively) and all-cause etiologies (18% vs 27%, respectively) in a population of 3510 patients admitted to SNF. A total of 185/3510 patients (5.27%) received virtual cardiovascular care via the Heartbeat Health program, and 40 patients met study inclusion criteria and were analyzed, with 26 (65%) requiring 1 televisit and 14 (35%) requiring more than 1. Cost savings associated with this reduction in readmissions are estimated to be as high as US $860 per patient.

CONCLUSIONS

The investigation provides initial evidence for the potential effectiveness and efficiency of virtual and digitally enabled virtual cardiovascular care on 30-day hospital readmissions. Further research is warranted to optimize the use of novel virtual care programs to transform delivery of cardiovascular care to high-risk populations.
Content and Dynamics of Websites Shared Over Vaccine-Related Tweets in COVID-19 Conversations: Computational Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Cruickshank Iain , Ginossar Tamar , Sulskis Jason , Zheleva Elena , Berger-Wolf Tanya
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent “infodemic” increased concerns about Twitter’s role in advancing antivaccination messages, even before a vaccine became available to the public. New computational methods allow for analysis of cross-platform use by tracking links to websites shared over Twitter, which, in turn, can uncover some of the content and dynamics of information sources and agenda-setting processes. Such understanding can advance theory and efforts to reduce misinformation.

OBJECTIVE

Informed by agenda-setting theory, this study aimed to identify the content and temporal patterns of websites shared in vaccine-related tweets posted to COVID-19 conversations on Twitter between February and June 2020.

METHODS

We used triangulation of data analysis methods. Data mining consisted of the screening of around 5 million tweets posted to COVID-19 conversations to identify tweets that related to vaccination and including links to websites shared within these tweets. We further analyzed the content the 20 most-shared external websites using a mixed methods approach.

RESULTS

Of 841,896 vaccination-related tweets identified, 185,994 (22.1%) contained links to specific websites. A wide range of websites were shared, with the 20 most-tweeted websites constituting 14.5% (27,060/185,994) of the shared websites and typically being shared for only 2 to 3 days. Traditional media constituted the majority of these 20 websites, along with other social media and governmental sources. We identified markers of inauthentic propagation for some of these links.

CONCLUSIONS

The topic of vaccination was prevalent in tweets about COVID-19 early in the pandemic. Sharing websites was a common communication strategy, and its “bursty” pattern and inauthentic propagation strategies pose challenges for health promotion efforts. Future studies should consider cross-platform use in dissemination of health information and in counteracting misinformation.
Novice and Advanced Learners’ Satisfaction and Perceptions of an e-Learning Renal Semiology Module During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zamberg Ido , Schiffer Eduardo , Stoermann-Chopard Catherine
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Nephrotic syndrome is a unique clinical disorder, which provides interesting teaching opportunities that connect physiological and pathological aspects to clinical practice. During the current COVID-19 outbreak, in-person teaching in our institution was not permitted, thus creating a unique challenge for clinical skills teaching. A case-based electronic learning (e-learning) activity was designed to replace the traditional in-person teaching of renal semiology. e-Learning activities have been shown to be effective for knowledge retention and increasing novice learners’ performance. However, major knowledge gaps exist concerning the satisfaction of learners with e-learning activities as the sole form of teaching, specifically for undergraduate clinical skills education.

OBJECTIVE

Our study aimed to prospectively assess undergraduate medical students’ perceptions of and satisfaction with an e-learning activity teaching renal semiology.

METHODS

All second-year medical students (novice learners) from the medical faculty of the University of Geneva, Switzerland, undertook the e-learning activity and were invited to participate in a nonmandatory, validated web-based survey, comprising questions answered using a 10-point Likert scale and one qualitative open-ended question. For comparison and to provide further insights, 17 fourth- to sixth-year students (advanced learners) were prospectively recruited to participate in both the e-learning activity and the evaluation. A mixed methods analysis was performed.

RESULTS

A total of 88 (63%) out of 141 novice learners and all advanced learners responded to the evaluation survey. Advanced learners reported significantly higher satisfaction with the e-learning activity (mean 8.7, SD 1.0 vs mean 7.3, SD 1.8; P<.001), clarity of objectives (mean 9.6, SD 0.8 vs mean 7.7, SD 1.7; P<.001), and attainability of objectives (mean 9.8, SD 0.5 vs mean 7.3, SD 1.3; P<.001). Both groups showed high interest in the inclusion of the activity as part of a blended learning approach; however, there was low interest in the activity being the sole means of teaching.

CONCLUSIONS

Case-based e-learning activities might be better suited for advanced learners and could increase learners’ satisfaction within a blended teaching instructional design. More research on students’ satisfaction with e-learning activities in the field of clinical skills education should be done. In addition, more effort should be put into finding alternative teaching tools for clinical skills education in light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and future health crises.
Influence of Different Annealing Temperatures on the Structural and Optical Properties of TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized via Sol-Gel Method: Potential Application as UV Sensor
Authors: Safiay Nur Munirah , Abdul Rani Rozina , Ahmed Azhar Najwa Ezira , Khusaimi Zuraida , Hamzah Fazlena , Rusop Mohamad
Published: April 2021

In this research, TiO2 thin films were prepared using a simple sol-gel spin coating process. The films were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive Ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Ultraviolet–visible Spectrophotometer in order to investigate the influence of different annealing temperatures to the structural and optical properties of TiO2. The surface morphology images from FE-SEM display a uniform layer of nanoparticles with a sample of 500 °C possess the most uniform and the visible spherical grain of TiO2 nanoparticles. EDX spectra confirm the presence of Ti and O elements in the samples. The structural properties from the XRD pattern demonstrate that the films are crystalline at a temperature of 500 and 600 °C and the peak (101) intensity was increased as the annealing temperature increased. They exist in the anatase phase at the preferred plane orientation of (101). The calculated crystallite size for 500 and 600 °C samples is 19.22 and 28.37 nm, respectively. The films also possessed excellent absorption in the ultraviolet (UV) region with optical band gap energy ranging from 3.32 to 3.43 eV. These results can be fundamental for the fabrication of a UV sensing device.
In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Quercetin and Daidzin as Selective Anticancer Agents
Authors: Zubair Muhammad Sulaiman , Anam Syariful , Maulana Saipul , Arba Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Quercetin and daidzin are flavonoid and flavonoid glycoside type compounds that have been found in many plants and nutraceuticals. This study aims to examine the in vitro cytotoxic and selectivity properties of quercetin and daidzin on breast and cervical cancers and to study their molecular interaction and stability on epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) by applying molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In vitro anticancer activity was performed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method on breast cancer cell (T47D), cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and Vero normal cells, while molecular docking and MD simulation were done by using AutoDock Vina and Amber18 package software, respectively. Quercetin and daidzin showed potent cytotoxic and high selectivity on both cell lines. Daidzin was found to has a higher IC50 and selectivity index than quercetin. Docking and MD results showed that both compounds prefer to interact with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK). Daidzin showed better interaction than quercetin with a docking score of -9.6 kcal/mol. Also, daidzin was found more stable than quercetin with low RMSD and RMSF values.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Properties of Nickel(II) Complex with 4-Aminoantipyrine Ligand
Authors: Rasyda Yusica Amalia , Widowati Mudhita Kusuma , Marliyana Soerya Dewi , Rahardjo Sentot Budi
Published: April 2021

The novel nickel(II) complex has been successfully synthesized through the reaction of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O with 4-aminoantipyrine (AAP) ligand in a 1:3 mole ratio of Ni(II) to AAP. The complex was characterized using UV-Vis, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Infrared spectrophotometry (IR), Thermogravimetry/Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG/DSC), conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. The complex formula was [Ni(AAP)3](NO3)2·5H2O. AAP was a bidentate ligand that coordinated through the primary amine nitrogen and the carbonyl oxygen to the nickel ion. The electronic spectra of the complex displayed two peaks at 646 nm and 385 nm in accordance with the 3A2g(F) → 3T1g(F) and 3A2g(F) → 3T1g(P) transitions, respectively. This complex gave a paramagnetic property with the effective magnetic moment (µeff) of 2.96 BM and the shape of an octahedron. The antibacterial test of this complex showed higher activity than the metal and its free ligand.
Estimating Pulmonary Function, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), And Superoxide Dismutase-3 (EC-SOD3) Levels in Patients with Chronic Bronchial Asthma on Curcumin Adjuvant Therapy
Authors: Khdair Sura abbas , Abdulridha Manal khalid
Published: April 2021

This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of curcumin supplement as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in patients with chronic bronchial asthma. Forty patients diagnosed with chronic bronchial asthma were enrolled in this study and allocated into group (1) patients   assigned to receive conventional therapy of asthma, and group (2) patient assigned to receive conventional therapy of asthma combined with 750 mg curcumin supplement twice daily for two months. Pulmonary function test, asthma control test, serum interleukin-6 and serum extracellular super oxide dismutase 3 were measured before and after two months in both study groups. After two months, the mean values of pulmonary function test (spirometry) and asthma control score showed significant increase compared to pre-treatment values in group 2 patients (P<0.01). Moreover, there was marked decrease in the level of interleukin-6 in group 2 patients after two months (p< 0.05) compared to the increased in group 1 patients. The mean level of super oxide dismutase 3 didn’t show any increase in both study groups after treatment. Curcumin supplement produced improvement in pulmonary function of patients with chronic bronchial asthma along with the reduction in inflammatory status. No change in endogenous oxidative status after curcumin supplementation.
Antibacterial Peptides from Tryptic Hydrolysate of Ricinus communis Seed Protein Fractionated Using Cation Exchange Chromatography
Authors: Raharjo Tri , Utami Woro , Fajr Atdrian , Swasono Respati , Haryadi Winarto
Published: April 2021

Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) peptide-based lead compound has become interesting target in developing new antibiotics. AMP is possibly generated through the digestion of protein. The protein of castor (Ricinus communis) seed is characterized as a ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) that can be a source of AMP. The objectives of this research are to identify antibacterial peptides from Ricinus communis seed protein hydrolysate.   The seed protein was isolated using sodium dodecyl sulfate and subsequently digested using trypsin. The hydrolysate was fractionated using a strong cation exchange chromatography system, and the resulting fractions were tested for antibacterial activity. The peptides present in the active fraction were identified using high-resolution mass spectrometry. As the result, the pH 4 and pH 5 fractions of the elution buffer indicated antibacterial activity, with the pH 4 fraction of the hydrolysate having high activity against both gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Three peptides that have the sequences EESETVGQR, GQSTGTGQQER, and LDALEPDNR could be responsible for the activity of the pH 4 fraction. The antibacterial activity of these peptides, which is due to their ionic properties and secondary structure, supports the disruption of the bacterial cell membrane. It can be concluded that Ricinus communis seed protein hydrolysate contains peptides with sequence EESETVGQR, GQSTGTGQQER, and LDALEPDNR that potent to be used as AMP lead compounds
CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT OF NATHANIEL FROM JONATHAN STROUD’S BARTIMAEUS TRILOGY: THE AMULET OF SAMARKAND
Authors: Larasati Delia Arnindita
Published: April 2021

This research is aimed at studying about the character development of someone. The development character is based on a novel Bartimaeus Trilogy: The Amulet of Samarkand by Jonathan Stroud. The discussion of this research is limited to the analysis of Nathaniel’s character development as the main character.The study of character development of Nathaniel from ordinary little boy to ambitious boy is important in this story because he is the main character and to prove that someone’s personality changed because of his past. For this reason, an objective approach suggested by Abrams is applied in this research. The definition of character development by Griffith which is used as the reference is also used to know whether the dynamic characteristic of Nathaniel is in accordance with the theories suggested by Griffith. The Library research is used in collecting the data. It includes doing intensive reading on the novel and finding the evidences through the plot.By doing the analysis, it turns out that Nathaniel’s character has changed from ordinary to ambitious boy because of his past. This finding is actually in accordance with Griffith’s theory of dynamic characteristic.
A STUDY ON RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BATMAN AND HUSH IN BATMAN HUSH A PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: Kusumawardana I Made Bayu
Published: April 2021

This paper was intended to observe the relationships that developed between the two main characters in Batman Hush based on certain parameters. The parameters are character’s environment, social life and their choice to adapt to it. Through the process of analysis, the characters came into differentresult of relationship even though their conditions are quite similar.The mean used in this paper are Theory of Psychosocial Development. It’s a theory promoted by Professor Erik Erikson which separated human’s character development into 8 stages.
A Woman’s Identity as Depicted in Angelou’s Poem “Woman Work”
Authors: Saraswati Ayu Shadrina
Published: April 2021

This article analyzes Maya Angelou‟s poem “Woman Work”. This poem talks about identity which is described by Maya Angelou through her feelings and ideas. The objective of this research is to study Maya Angelou‟s search of identity which is depicted through the poem.This article uses an expressive approach because this approach is the most suitable for learning the poet‟s perspective on woman identity through her works. Library research is employed to support the analysis.The result of the analysis implies that the speaker‟s position is a woman who has a role in society as a mother, worker and slave. The speaker carries out all jobs in the house and outside. However, the speaker expresses a process of her journey to find her identity which is reflected in the poem. The speaker tries to prove that identity is an important part of her qualities that must be maintained.In this poem the speaker indicates that she becomes a woman who is more confident and proud. It is the result of her process of maturity that is expressed by her that makes her realizes the truth of her identity. The speaker reveals the process of her life that is faced by her to display that she is a strong woman.
Jim Crow Laws in Langston Hughes’ “Breakfast in Virginia” and “Trouble with the Angels”
Authors: Listiyaningsih Listiyaningsih
Published: April 2021

This graduating paper analyzes Jim Crow laws as reflected in Langston Hughes’ short stories “Breakfast in Virginia” and “Trouble with the Angels”. This study aims to identify the practice of Jim Crow laws as seen in “Breakfast in Virginia” and “Trouble with the Angels”. This graduating paper applies mimetic theory proposed by Abrams since it is the most suitable approach to be used to analyze the connection between the literary work and the reality. There are two types of data which are used in this paper. The primary data are the short stories entitled, “Breakfast in Virginia” and “Trouble with the Angels”. Meanwhile, the secondary data are the references that support the analysis and are taken from the internet browsing.Based on the data analysis, this research concludes that segregation is the practice of Jim Crow laws in these two short stories. The segregations are clearly seen mostly in public places. In “Breakfast in Virginia” the segregations happen in the train, specifically in Jim Crow car and in the dining car in Virginia. Meanwhile, in “Trouble with the Angels” the segregations are clearly visible in the hotel and in the theater in Washington. In “Breakfast in Virginia” the segregations are faced by African American soldiers during World War II. Meanwhile, in “Trouble with the Angels” the segregations are experienced by African American actors and the other African American citizens of Washington. These two short stories show that Jim Crow laws made African Americans life getting worse, especially in public places. Both in “Breakfast in Virginia” and in “Trouble with the Angels”, African Americans cannot use the same public facilities as the whites. They can only use public facilities specially provided for the African Americans which have improper conditions. During the practice of Jim Crow laws, their rights are denied. This is proved by the segregations that do not only restrict African Americans from middle or low class status but also restrict those who have a higher status regardless their influential contribution toAmerica. This condition is painful for them.
Code Mixing in the Articles of Gogirl! Magazine February, 2013 Edition
Authors: Ikhsani Nurul Azizah
Published: April 2021

This graduating paper aims to explain the types of code mixing applied in the articles of Gogirl! Magazine February, 2013 edition and classify the most frequently used type of code mixing. It also analyzes the reasons for using code mixing in the magazine. The data used in this paper are taken from the articles of Gogirl! Magazine February, 2013 edition. This paper uses observation method in collecting data. The method used in analyzing the data was done in several steps: reading, choosing, and sorting words, phrases, clauses, and sentences which are categorized as code mixing. Then, classifying and analyzing the words, Code Mixing In phrases, clauses, and sentences into different types of code mixing. The last is analyzing the reasons for using code mixing in the magazine article under study.The theories applied in this paper are Muysken’s theory of code mixing and Nababan’s theory of reasons for using code mixing. The result of this paper shows that there are 103 cases classified into three types of code mixing, which are insertion, alternation, and congruent lexicalization. The most frequently used type is insertion code mixing. In general, the reason for using code mixing in the studied magazine is to create fun and informal situations.
CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT OF FLORENTINO ARIZA AS SEEN IN GABRIEL GARCIA MARQUEZ’S LOVE IN THE TIME OF CHOLERA
Authors: Hernawati Mala
Published: April 2021

Florentino Arriza is the main character in Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s novel, Love in the Time of Cholera. This main character experiences the change from an innocent young man to become an indecent man. This change is mainly caused by his love to a woman named Fermina Daza. Destiny makes him wait for more than half a century to finally win her love. This article results in several conclusions. First, Florentino Ariza fits the criteria of the combination of the dynamic and round characters. Second, he belongs to the group of Melancholy. In addition, there are two factors for his personality changes: lovesickness and environmental temptation.
Promise Categories in Some American Drama Movies
Authors: Rohmah Aida Minati
Published: April 2021

This research attempts to investigate the promises in five American drama movies. The data comprise 73 promises collected from the subtitles of the movies Dear John, For Love of the Game, Going the Distance, Like Crazy, and The Notebook. Specifically, it aims to identify and categorize the promises, and to find out the more dominant type appears in those movies. The classification of the promises was according to Searle’s four felicity conditions: proportional condition, preparatory condition, sincerity condition, and essential condition. Based on the classification, it can be seen that all of the promises have fulfilled the four felicity conditions and the highest frequency of promises occurred in the movie Like Crazy (24.66%). The result also shows that 65 promises (89.04%) are categorized as implicit performatives and it appears as the more dominant type of promises in the data. The high number of implicit performatives indicates that the speakers might want to show their intention to do something in a casual way.
The Use of Pronoun in The Jakarta Post and Jakarta Globe
Authors: Rofi’ah Miftakhur
Published: April 2021

This research identified the use of pronoun in The Jakarta Post and Jakarta Globe. In particular, it aimed to investigate the frequency of pronoun and the strategy in using pronoun. The data used in this research were taken from 30 articles in the two newspapers. It used the pronoun theory in A Grammar of Contemporary English by Quirk, et al. (1985: 207˗228) which divide pronoun into five subclasses; central pronoun, relative pronoun, interrogative pronoun, demonstrative pronoun, and indefinite pronoun. Within each newspaper, the number of pronoun will be counted and compared. The strategy in using pronoun in both newspapers was also analyzed. The results of this research show that the frequency of pronoun in The Jakarta Post is less than in Jakarta Globe. Both newspapers have five similar strategies in using pronoun. Besides that, The Jakarta Post has three more different strategies, and Jakarta Globe has two more. These results conclude that each newspaper has similarity and dissimilarity in using pronoun.
A Pragmatic Study of Request Head Acts and External Modifications as Seen in "Frozen"
Authors: Putra Reri Rahmat Riyadi
Published: April 2021

This research attempts to investigate the requests in Frozen, an American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy-comedy film. The data comprise 76 requests collected from the subtitles of the movie, along with the context. Specifically, it aims to classify and analyze the requests‘ head acts and external modifications, and to find out the more dominant strategy appears in the movie. The classification of the head act was according to the theory of request strategies proposed by Blum-Kulka and Olshtain (1984): direct, conventionally indirect, and non-conventionally indirect. The classification of the external modification was according to the theory of external modification strategies proposed by Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper‘s classification (qtd. in Schauer, 92): preparator, grounder, disarmer, imposition minimizer, sweetener, and promise of reward. Based on the classification, it can be seen that direct strategies is the most preferred strategies in uttering requests with 50 (65.79%) occurrences and grounder is the most preferred strategies in modifying requests with 23 (67.65%) occurrences. The high frequency of direct strategy might be caused by the characters‘ intimacy in the storyline and grounder might be caused by the easiness of using grounder in modifying requests.
Indirect Refusal Strategies in Two American and Three British Movies
Authors: Kasih Curtina Melati
Published: April 2021

This research focuses on identification and classification of indirect refusal strategies found in two American movies (RV (2006), We’re the Millers (2014)) and three British movies (Chalet Girl (2011), Cuban Fury (2014), and Hot Fuzz (2007)). In particular, it aims to show the different strategy between the refusals of American and British movies. The data were analysed by Félix-Brasdefer taxonomy of indirect refusal strategies (2008, 74-79). The data used in this research were taken through an observation from the subtitle of these five movies. The results of the research show that out of the 92 refusal utterances, 50 were found in the American movies and 42 from the British movies. Based on the findings, the most frequently used strategy from the American movies is Strategy 1: Mitigated Refusal. This strategy was used 11 times (11.96%). In the British movies, the most common strategy is Strategy 2: Reason/Explanation which used 17 times (18.48%). These results suggest that the American and the British have their own ways in delivering refusal. To minimize the negative effects of being refused the American tends to hedge the refusal for making the utterances sounds more polite. Meanwhile, the British tends to explain why they cannot fulfil the interlocutor’s demand.
Illocutionary Strategies in Digital Advertisement Campaign as Found in Coca-Cola’s #Makeithappy
Authors: Wulandari Dhenok
Published: April 2021

Language used in a campaign is an interesting study, moreover if it is used in a campaign which targets adolescent audience who are known with their own dynamics. The study uses the sample of advertisement campaign from The Coca-Cola Company entitled #MakeItHappy which aims to fight the increasing online bullying in the digital era nowadays, especially to American's adolescents. The data are taken from five videos containing thoughts and testimonials from celebrities, experts, and some adolescents who experience and/or having a concern with the issue. The language used there is identified by Austin's illocutionary speech acts then analyzed by the theory of Searle. The study shows that the type of speech act which is seen in high frequency is assertive-directive indirect speech (66,7%). This result implies that assertive-indirect directive indirect strategy is the most appropriate strategy to be used towards teenagers in the context of advertisement campaign.
Apology Strategies in Scream Queens (2015)
Authors: Montgomery Mariette Wahyuningsih
Published: April 2021

The aim of this undergraduating thesis is to classify and identify apology strategies proposed by Cohen and Olshtain (1983) and its combinations in television series Scream Queens (2015), as a television series that illustrates how U.S. college students apologize. The data used in this research are utterances of Scream Queens (2015) season 1.The apologies found in the television series are classified based on the apology strategies proposed by Cohen and Olshtain (1983) which consist of: Expression of Apology (EA), Explanation of Account (Eac), Offer of Repair (OR), Acknowledgement Responsibility for Offense (ARO), and Promise of Forbearance (PF). Each apology speech act is classified based on the first strategy used. Utterances with two or more apology strategies are then identified and classified again according to the combinations. In this research, the total of apology strategies found thoughout their data source are 124. The most used apology strategy is EA with 59 utterances. There are 26 combinations and 4 standalone apology strategies in the television series. The most used combination is EA-EAc with 21 utterances. While the most used standalone apology strategy is EAc with 34 utterances.