bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms involved in resistance to carbapenems among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates recovered in Brazil: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pieve de Castro Adrielle , Gustavo de Lima William , Sanches Cristina , Cristina de Paiva Magna
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB) is a health problem due to the limited therapeutic options available. This study was carried out to evaluate the main mechanisms of resistance of carbapenems in CRAB in the last 10 years in Brazil and to describe the susceptibility profile to tigecycline and polymyxins in these isolates. Material and methods: A systematic review was carried out according to Prisma in PUBMED/MEDLINE, Scopus, SciELO, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) and Cochrane Library. Data regarding enzyme resistance to carbapenems were evaluated by meta-analysis according to the random effect. Results: 21 articles were selected according to inclusion and exclu-sion criteria that evaluated 1096 CRAB. Most of the studies were carried out in the southern (33.3 %) and southeast (23.8 %) regions of Brazil (33.3 %) and in 2016 and 2018. According to the meta-analyzes, OXA-type carbapenemase was the main mechanism involved in the low susceptibility to carbapenems in CRAB (98%; 95% CI: 0.91, 0.99; I² = 95%), with blaOXA-23-like(91 %; 95 % CI: 0.76; 0.97; I² = 97 %) or blaOXA-51-like/ ISAba1 (84 %; 95 % CI: 0.15, 0.99; I² = 98 %) genes, followed by metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) (12 %, 95 % CI: 0.09, 0.15, I² = 99 %) and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) (6 %, 95 % CI: 0.04; 0.08; I² = 87 %). Conclu-sion: The included studies showed that susceptibility to colistin (99 %) and tigecy-cline (93 %) remains high and was not affected by carbapenem resistance.
Biological activities of 1,4-naphthoquinones derivatives against T. cruzi and L. amazonensis
Authors: Olímpio da Silva Adriano , Da Silva Lopes Rosangela , Alves dos Santos Naujorks Aline , Vataru Nakamura Celso , Pires de Lima Dênis
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Chagas disease and Leishmaniasis are neglected diseases caused bythe Trypanosoma cruzi and kentoplastid parasites Leishmania spp. Parasitic diseasescause great impact on social and economic, affecting millions of people in the worldand represent a major global health problem. In the search for new alternatives for thetreatment of Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease, strategies have been used to discovernew active molecules, because there is an urgent need for the development of newdrugs. In this scenario, 1,4-naphthoquinones have shown notable activity in thecontext of neglected diseases. Aim: To synthesis of 1,4-naphthoquinones derivativesand evaluated these compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes, Leishmaniapromastigotes (Leishmania amazonensis) and cytotoxicity to LLCMK2 cells.Results: Nine 1,4-naphthoquinones derivatives were synthesized using 2-Bromo-1,4-naphthoquinone (1), 1,4-Naphthoquinone (5) and 2-Hydroxi-1,4-naphthoquinone(9) as starting material. Derivative 6a exhibited excellent trypanocidal activity,IC50 of 0.25 ± 0.02 μM, superior potency compared with the reference drug Benznidazol.Besides, these compounds displayed low activity against promastigote from L.amazonensis. Conclusion: The results indicate that compound 6a may have potentialfor agent against Chagas disease.
A lacuna regulatória de medicamentos órfãos impacta na disponibilidade de alternativas terapêuticas no Brasil?
Authors: Rodrigues de Matos Lopes Francyelle , Monsores de Sá Natan , Fonseca Lima Rodrigo , Urruth Leão Tavares Noemia , Santana Rafael
Published: September 2023

Introdução: a regulação de registros específicos para os chamados “medicamentos órfãos” tem sido uma estratégia das maiores agências de medicamentos do mundo para fomentar o acesso e monitoramento de tratamento para doenças e agravos de pouca prevalência ou interesse mercadológico. Objetivos: esse estudo visou iden-tificar o perfil dos medicamentos que se enquadram nessa categoria internacional-mente explorar possíveis lacunas de registro gerados pela ausência de uma norma sanitária específica no Brasil. Métodos: foram analisadas as bases de dados de registro de medicamentos órfãos de países da União Europeia e dos Estados Unidos da América e os resultados foram comparados com a base registros da Agência brasi-leira. Resultados: foram identificados 369 medicamentos registrados como órfãos nos órgãos europeu e estadunidense totalizando 801 indicações clínicas. A maior parte dos medicamentos registrados no âmbito internacional era de agentes anti-neoplásicos e imunomoduladores (N=135; 36,59 %) e de medicamentos que agiam no aparelho digestivo e metabolismo (N=48; 13,01 %). Dos medicamentos órfãos regis-trados e comercializados no âmbito internacional, quase metade, 177 (47,97 %), não apresentavam registros ativos no Brasil e atendem a 327 indicações clínicas (40,82 %). Conclusão: o Brasil deve analisar afundo os impactos da ausência de um fluxo de registro medicamentos órfãos, que pode afetar diretamente no acesso de tratamento para determinadas doenças raras e negligenciadas.
A segurança da farmacoterapia em pacientes oncológicos pediátricos: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Barboza Alison Lucas , De Castro Teixeira Anna Paula , De Albuquerque Montenegro Camila , Da Silva Menezes Maria Emília , De Sousa Oliveira Fernando
Published: September 2023

Introdução: o câncer do tipo infantil é raro, mas quando comparado aos dos adultos,vem apresentando um perfil crescente de incidência, o que requer uma assistência dequalidade pelo sistema de saúde, considerando as diferenças fisiológicas nas variadasfaixas etárias pediátricas. Os estudos de utilização e segurança de medicamentos emcrianças são de extrema importância, a fim de promover uma racionalidade farmacoterapêutica,conduzindo a um tratamento seguro e efetivo. Objetivo: revisar osaspectos que interferem na segurança do tratamento farmacológico em pacientesoncológicos pediátricos. Metodologia: foi realizada uma revisão integrativa daliteratura por meio das bases de dados: SciELO, Bireme, PubMed, Portal CAPESe LILACS, analisando os trabalhos publicados nos últimos 10 anos (2011-2021).Resultados: foram encontrados 89 artigos, dos quais 46 compuseram o presentetrabalho. Estudos na população pediátrica são escassos e, consequentemente, oarsenal terapêutico para essa população também diminui, acarretando poucas alternativas terapêuticas para tratamento do câncer infantil. Conclusões: as estratégiasterapêuticas antineoplásicas apelam para medicamentos que ainda não foram totalmenteaprovados pelas agências reguladoras nacionais e/ou internacionais. Sendoassim, é essencial a atuação do farmacêutico clínico para apresentar propostas desegurança, monitorar e sugerir estratégias de uso de medicamentos antineoplásicosna população infantil.
Reacciones adversas de hidroxicloroquina en pacientes con sospecha o diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 hospitalizados en una institución de alta complejidad de Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Guzmán Zea Natalia
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: describir la frecuencia de las reacciones adversas asociados al uso offlabelde hidroxicloroquina en pacientes con sospecha o diagnóstico confirmadode COVID-19 hospitalizados en una institución de alta complejidad de la ciudadde Bogotá, entre marzo y mayo de 2020. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de cortetransversal con pacientes hospitalizados con sospecha o diagnóstico confirmadode COVID-19 que recibieron tratamiento con hidroxicloroquina entre el 23 demarzo y el 24 de mayo de 2020. Las reacciones adversas fueron recopiladas mediantebúsqueda activa por químicos farmacéuticos. Resultados: 69 pacientes recibierontratamiento con hidroxicloroquina (53,6% hombres, 62 años [RIC: 34]) con unaduración promedio de tratamiento de 5 días [RIC: 4]. 71% de los casos fuerondefinidos como sospechosos y el 62% de los mismos se encontraban internados enservicios de hospitalización general. Se identificaron 16 eventos adversos. La prolongacióndel intervalo QT fue la reacción adversa de mayor frecuencia –clasificado enla mayoría de los casos como una reacción adversa no seria–, ocasionando la suspensióndel tratamiento en 19% de los casos. Adicionalmente, se evidenció que en el59,5% de los casos, la hidroxicloroquina fue administrada de manera concomitantecon otros medicamentos relacionados con prolongación del intervalo QT. Conclusión:las reacciones adversas presentadas en pacientes que recibieron hidroxicloro quina como parte del manejo farmacológico de COVID-19 fueron: prolongacióndel intervalo QT, náuseas y aumento en niveles de transaminasas.
La experiencia de la Eligessan: camino para la gobernanza en la Comuna 1 Popular de Medellín
Authors: Godoy Natalia , Morales Alison , Mancilla Lorena
Published: September 2023

Este artículo presenta la sistematización de la experiencia derivada del proyecto “Gobernanza y participación ciudadana para enfrentar los efectos de la pandemia Covid-19, desde la Soberanía y la Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional (ssan) en la Comuna 1 de Medellín”. Procediendo con base en la sistematización, entendida como metodología que recupera las voces de los actores involucrados en los procesos para la transformación de las prácticas sociales, el objetivo trazado fue visibilizar los aprendizajes orientados al fortalecimiento de la acción social comunitaria, a partir del diálogo de saberes entre los participantes de la comuna y el equipo investigador. Se identificaron tres ejes que contribuyeron a dichos aprendizajes: el primero abordó la asociatividad y la gobernanza y se refleja en las redes de intercambio de saberes y recursos establecidas en el territorio; el segundo se refirió al rol potencial de la Universidad de Antioquia como mediadora entre la institucionalidad y las comunidades, aportando con los ejercicios de formación a la apropiación de herramientas para el diseño de propuestas que se integren a la agenda pública; y el tercero se enfocó en las agencias femeninas para la ssan, resultado de la visibilidad de las lideresas, como agentes que ejecutan acciones políticas con alto reconocimiento en la zona. Del análisis e interpretación del proceso emergieron cuatro hitos significativos para la experiencia: la comprensión de problemáticas socioeconómicas y alimentarias, que permitió identificar el recrudecimiento de la inseguridad alimentaria debido a la pandemia; el reconocimiento y la apropiación del territorio, base de la reconstrucción comunitaria del mapa de la comuna y de la tipificación de los actores que inciden en la ssan; el protagonismo de los liderazgos femeninos, expresado en su papel como orientadoras de espacios de formación durante el proyecto y su carácter de cocreadoras de procesos sociales; y, finalmente, la construcción conjunta de proyectos orientados a la intervención de problemáticas territoriales, con apoyo en las perspectivas y capacidades de la comunidad.
La circulación internacional de las ideas sociológicas: el tortuoso caso de “The Iron Cage Revisited”
Authors: Sandoval Sergio Lorenzo
Published: September 2023

En este texto, se lleva a cabo un análisis del origen y trayectoria del artículo “The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields” (DiMaggio y Powell, 1983), cuyas estadísticas de citación indican que ha tenido una creciente difusión e influencia, principalmente en los Estados Unidos. Así, por ejemplo, a mediados de 2022 alcanzaba casi sesenta mil citas en Google Académico. Un análisis bibliométrico descriptivo y una sistemática revisión bibliográfica muestran que ese artículo fue producto específico de la sociología de las organizaciones, la cual provee de modelos y métodos a disciplinas externas a la sociología, especialmente en las esferas del management y de los business, lo cual explica por qué ha sido a partir de estas disciplinas —eventualmente dominantes en los Estados Unidos—, que ha gozado de amplia popularidad. Sin embargo, también se observa que el artículo estudiado es cada vez más influyente en un número creciente y heterogéneo de disciplinas, distintas de la sociología. Para explicar esta peculiar trayectoria, se utiliza un modelo del campo científico y de la innovación científica, según el cual las especialidades o subdisciplinas que ocupan una posición de heteronomía y bajo capital científico dentro de un campo disciplinario tienden a influir más en disciplinas y campos profesionales heterogéneos y externos que en el propio campo disciplinario, en este caso el sociológico. La trayectoria de “The Iron Cage Revisited” coincide con dicha predicción del modelo, por lo tanto el análisis arroja evidencias de que esa es la posición que ocupa la especialidad de la que fue producto, la sociología de las organizaciones. Enseguida, se argumenta que el artículo analizado debe su relativa fuerza explicativa a su estructura teórica de fondo, la cual fue extraída, sin reconocerlo, de la sociología de Pierre Bourdieu, cuyo alto grado de generalización favorece su ubicuidad en diferentes campos y subcampos disciplinarios. Asimismo, se explica que la ausencia de una referencia explícita a la obra del sociólogo francés obedeció a las restricciones y exigencias estructurales que pesaban sobre la posición de los autores en el campo académico estadounidense en la década de 1980.
Obtención de la proteína verde fluorescente recombinante y su anticuerpo policlonal Igy
Authors: Gómez Osorio Valentina , González Rodríguez Sebastián , Contreras Rodríguez Luis Ernesto , Díaz Gonzalez Gonzalo Jair , Ramírez Hernández María Helena
Published: September 2023

La Proteína Verde Fluorescente (Green Fluorescent Protein, GFP) es ampliamente utilizada en ensayos in vivo e in vitro. Se han generado múltiples variantes de esta proteína para diversificar sus características, como la GFP-enhancer (EGFP) que emite una señal de fluorescencia 35 veces mayor en comparación con la proteína silvestre, siendo implementada como proteína fusión en estudios de localización y estabilidad estructural, entre otros. La detección de esta proteína y sus variantes puede ser directa o indirecta, mediante el uso de anticuerpos anti-GFP. Aunque el uso de GFP es generalizado y de evidente utilidad en investigación y en docencia, los insumos para su estudio exhiben un alto costo dado que deben ser importados, constituyendo un recurso limitado en Colombia. El presente trabajo reporta la clonación y expresión de la proteína recombinante 6xHisEGFP, cuya purificación se completó a partir de la fracción soluble e insoluble del sistema heterólogo Escherichia coli mediante cromatografía de afinidad a metales inmovilizados y electroforesis preparativa, respectivamente. La proteína purificada se implementó como antígeno para la producción de anticuerpos policlonales aviares (IgY) contra la EGFP, los cuales se obtuvieron desde los huevos colectados y el suero de las sangrías de las gallinas inmunizadas. En este sentido, la estrategia metodológica planteada constituye un avance en el desarrollo de un sistema biotecnológico para la producción nacional de herramientas moleculares como los anticuerpos policlonales aviares a bajo costo.
INFLUENCIA DE LA FERTILIZACIÓN NITROGENADA Y POTÁSICA EN LA NUEVA VARIEDAD DE TABACO CONNECTICUT 2018
Authors: Reyes-Pozo Jorge Luís , González-Sotolongo José Carlos , Maestre-Morejón Osvaldo Rodolfo
Published: September 2023

Una de las atenciones culturales que más favorece la expresión del rendimiento máximo de un cultivar es su régimen de fertilización. El momento de incorporación de los nutrientes en el período de máxima absorción y asimilación de la planta garantiza el uso eficiente de los fertilizantes, lo que incide en los rendimientos y en el equilibrio de los suelos. Por tal motivo en la Estación Experimental del Tabaco de San Juan y Martínez, Pinar del Río, durante las cosechas tabacaleras 2017-2018, 2018-2019 y 2019-2020 se realizó un experimento de campo, en un suelo Ferralítico Amarillento Lixiviado Agrogénico Eutrico, con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de diferentes niveles de nitrógeno y potasio en el crecimiento, rendimiento y calidad de la variedad de tabaco Connecticut cultivada bajo tela. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de parcelas divididas con cuatro repeticiones en un modelo bifactorial, para el estudio del factor uno: tres niveles de potasio 160 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha y 240 kg/ha y el factor dos: cuatro niveles de nitrógeno 120 kg/ha, 160 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha y 240 kg/ha. La aplicación de 160 kg/ha de N con 200 kg/ha de K permite los mayores valores para la longitud, el ancho, masa fresca y masa seca de la hoja mayor. Los resultados demostraron que la mayor eficiencia en la fertilización nitrogenada y potásica para el cultivo del tabaco se alcanza cuando se combinaron los niveles de 160 kg/ha de nitrógeno con 200 kg/ha de potasio.
Pielonefritis enfisematosa como complicación de litiasis coraliforme: Reporte de un caso
Authors: Azañero-Haro Johan , Segura-Gago Gino , Benavides-Samame Alejandro , Chirinos-Molina Tatiana , Soto Alonso
Published: September 2023

Introducción. La pielonefritis enfisematosa es una infección con una elevada tasa mortalidad, por lo que es importante tener un alto índice de sospecha clínica para lograr un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos.
Presentación del caso. Mujer de 47 años con diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial, enfermedad renal crónica, hipotiroidismo y antecedente de pielonefritis aguda recurrente, quien fue remitida a un hospital de tercer nivel en Lima, Perú, por dolor abdominal tipo cólico, taquicardia, fiebre y escalofríos. En las pruebas de laboratorio de ingreso se evidenció leucocitosis, anemia moderada, leucocituria e hiperlactacidemia; además, en la ecografía renal se observó litiasis coraliforme en el riñón derecho, mientras que no fue posible visualizar el riñón izquierdo, por lo que fue hospitalizada y se inició terapia antibiótica con ceftriaxona. Sin embargo, cuatro días después, la paciente presentó hipotensión arterial a pesar de la antibioticoterapia, por lo cual se suspendió la ceftriaxona, se inició antibioticoterapia con meropenem-vancomicina y terapia de vasopresores y se trasladó a la unidad de cuidados críticos. Un día después, ante la presencia de fiebre intermitente, delirium hipoactivo, hipoglucemia persistente y oligoanuria con orina de aspecto purulento, se realizó una urografía por tomografía computarizada en la que se identificó litiasis coraliformes bilateral con presencia de gas y niveles hidroaéreos en el riñón izquierdo. Teniendo en cuenta estos hallazgos y la pobre evolución clínica, se realizó nefrectomía izquierda, con lo que se logró una favorable evolución clínica, siendo dada de alta a los 7 días luego de este procedimiento.
Conclusión. La pielonefritis enfisematosa siempre debe sospecharse en mujeres con diabetes mellitus con tratamiento irregular, pobre respuesta a la terapia antibiótica y litiasis coraliforme. La tomografía axial computarizada no solo permite realizar su diagnóstico, sino también establecer su pronóstico, y, por tanto, el tratamiento apropiado.
Phimosis in a cat: diagnosis, treatment and complications
Authors: Ospina A. J.
Published: September 2023

Phimosis is the inability to advance the penis through the preputial orifice. This condition in its congenital form is infrequent in cats and has a low prevalence when compared to the canine condition. Diagnosis is based on the physical exam and the treatment of choice is often preputioplasty. The following case describes a six-week-old feline patient with signs of strangury, pollakiuria, excessive licking, and vocalizations when urinating. The physical exam encountered a significant stenosis of the preputial orifice. A circular preputioplasty was the therapy performed and three days later the patient presented with recurrent signs. Excessive granulation tissue was observed around the surgical wound, prompting further corrective surgery. This time the patient showed immediate resolution of the signs of distress that after 1 year have not recurred. The objective of this study is to contribute information about clinical-surgical decisions and the principle complications presented by cats with phimosis.
Bioprospecting in food production: an approximation of the current state in Colombia
Authors: Cubides Claudia , Gutiérrez Cortés Carolina , Suarez Hector
Published: September 2023

Microbial bioprospecting is the study and classification of microorganisms with industrial value. Different researches word wide are focusing on the study of natural molecules that can be used for medicine, agriculture and the environment, among others. In Colombia, marine bioprospecting has become highly relevant. Also, different universities and institutes are working on the study of the biodiversity and its applications. The aim of this review was to compilate the most important laws and decrees related with the use of the resources with commercial purposes. Also, the elucidation of the current state of bioprospecting in Colombia and the principal applications of microorganisms in the food production chain. The special focus of this review is to show the potential use of bioprospection on agricultural development of the country in order to change the conventional practices to eco-friendly process in food production. Also, this review proposes the bioprospecting of lactic acid bacteria as an alternative to use their biomass and metabolites for food preservation.
Sex reversal in female cannabis plants as a in response to male flowering promoters
Authors: Mejía Londoño Henry Andres , Barrera-Sánchez Carlos Felipe , Córdoba Gaona Oscar de Jesús
Published: September 2023

Cannabis sativa is a widely studied species and is currently accepted worldwide due to its medicinal properties, especially those conferred to the CBD phytocannabinoid, which is synthesized mainly in the globular trichomes of female flowers. Males are undesirable and rare in commercial plantations; however, they are necessary for breeding programs. This research aimed to evaluate sexual reversion methods in female cannabis plants as a preliminary stage of a plant breeding program. A completely randomized design with eight treatments and four repetitions was used. The treatments consisted of protocols for the sexual reversion of female plants through drip application and foliar spraying of Silver Thiosulfate (STS), Aminoethoxy-vinyl-glycine (AVG), 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), and Gibberellic acid (AG3), plus a control treatment without application. Male flower production was evaluated in female cannabis plants, and pollen viability in male flowers was determined. The AVG treatments applied to the apex by dripping, and the AG3 applied to the foliage in the form of a spray influenced the sexual reversion of female plants and produced a total of 132 and 32 male flowers, respectively, without difference between them (P=0.08383). For AVG dripping, only male flowers were observed at the apex, where the application was made directly. Moreover, STS and 1-MCP did not induce the production of male flowers. The pollen from male plants treated with AG3 in spray, and AVG dripping showed high viability (>50%), contrary to the low viability observed in plants treated with AGC applied in spray. The plants treated with AG3 (spray) were higher due to the elongation of the internodes. The AVG and AG3 compounds are effective in the sexual reversion of female cannabis and generate male flowers with viable pollen.
Resistance estimation to Phytophthora palmivora in cacao genotypes using artificial inoculation and natural infection in the field
Authors: Rodríguez Polanco Leonora , Bermeo Fúquene Paula , Parra Alferes Edinson Bayardo , Segura Amaya Jose Dimas
Published: September 2023

Black pod disease (BPD) is a severe biotic disorder affecting cacao trees in tropical regions generating an estimated global production reduction of approximately 20 to 30%. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between two artificial inoculation methods for Phytophthora palmivora and their potential association with natural infection in cacao clones. Incidence (%) and severity in detached pods (average lesion diameter) and leaf discs (disease severity index) were evaluated. The inoculation in pods at 6 DAI (Days After Inoculation) indicated the highest lesion diameter values for clone CCN51 (9.83 cm); hence, it was categorized as the most susceptible. Conversely, clones IMC67 (5.30 cm) and PA46 (5.27 cm), with the lowest lesion diameter values, were classified as moderately susceptible. Similar outcomes were observed in the leaf disc infection test, corroborating the susceptibility categorization of all six clones at 10 DAI. The leaf disc infection method showed a significantly positive correlation with the detached pod infection method, highlighting the feasibility of employing leaf inoculation to classify clones based on their susceptibility to BPD. Significant differences in aggressiveness were established between the isolates from different Colombian cacao regions. These findings were consistently reflected in the field, where the CCN51 clone exhibited the highest susceptibility compared to TSH565 and ICS95. This research proposes using the leaf technique to assess the aggressivity of Phytophthora palmivora isolates in cacao trees in Colombia.
A comparison of sleep quality in Costa Rican urban and rural older adults
Authors: Campos Salazar Cinthya , Solano Mora Luis , Salaza Villanea Mónica , Ortega Araya Luis , Johnson David , Chacón Araya Yamileth , Moncada Jiménez José
Published: September 2023

Objective Evidence regarding sleep quality in older adults residing in urban and rural areas is lacking among Latino populations living outside the United States. The purpose of the study was to compare the perceived sleep quality of older adults from Costa Rica in urban and rural areas.
Methods Volunteers were 52 urban and 30 rural older adults who completed anthro- pometric measures, cognitive screening, demographic information, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI). Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U tests determined differences on subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, sleep daily dysfunction, and global PSQI. Multiple regression analyses determined sociodemographic predictors of sleep quality.
Results Regardless of the residency zone, older adults showed similar subjective sleep quality (p=0.077), sleep latency (p=0.863), sleep duration (p=0.316), sleep efficiency (p=0.613), use of sleep medication (p=0.207), and total PSQI score (p=0.270). Sleep perturbation (p=0.009) and sleep daily dysfunction (p=0.019) were higher in rural than in urban older adults. Education predicted sleep perturbation (β=-0.266, p=0.049, R2 =0.17). Age (β=-0.309, p=0.025) and residency region (β=0.346, p=0.024) predicted sleep daily dysfunction (R2=0.196).
Conclusion Most sleep quality measures were similar between older adults residing in urban and rural zones. Low education predicted sleep perturbation regardless of the resi- dency zone; and younger age and urban zone predicted higher sleep daily dysfunction.
Caracterização dos casos de câncer colorretal no estado do Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: Almeida Joelson dos Santos , Sardinha Ana Hélia de Lima , Gonçalves Eloisa da Graça do Rosario , Holanda Lopes Maria Lucia
Published: September 2023

Objetivo Descrever os casos de câncer colorretal quanto aos aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos no estado do Maranhão, Brasil.
Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram exportados do sistema de informação de registro hospitalar de câncer, com recorte temporal de 2013 a 2017, sendo analisados por estatística descritiva.
Resultados Foram analisados 421 casos de câncer colorretal, houve a predominância do sexo feminino com (55,3 %), idade estava entre 60 a 70 anos (29,5 %), a raça/cor das pacientes era parda (67,7 %), o estado civil era casado (46,8 %), escolaridade ensino fundamental incompleto (42,3 %) e ocupação agricultoras (22,1 %). As topografias tumorais mais ocorrentes foram do colón (36,1 %), tipo histológico foi adenocarcinoma (71,3 %), os tumores foram classificados em estádio IV (27,4%) e sem registro de metástase (74,3 %), não apresentavam histórico de alcoolismo e tabagismo, 28 % e 29,2 %, respectivamente. Foram tratados com cirurgia e quimioterapia (19 %), apresentaram remissão da doença/cura (26,8 %) dos casos, não tinham histórico familiar de câncer (23,8 %), associaram múltiplos exames para o diagnóstico (79,1 %) e o tempo entre diagnóstico e o tratamento foi acima de 60 dias (37,5 %).
Conclusão O câncer colorretal é um problema de saúde pública devido ao desenvolvimento silencioso da doença, os fatores de risco da população e desafio de mudança no estilo de vida na população. Dessa forma, é necessário implementar estratégias de rastreamento, prevenção e diagnóstico precoce com finalidade de reduzir os impactos da morbimortalidade da neoplasia na população de idosos.
Análisis de una base granular estabilizada con cemento y adición de fibras de PET reciclado
Authors: Murillo Chacón Minor Eduardo , Carballo Rojas Mauricio , Gallardo Mejía María del Carmen
Published: September 2023

La estabilización con cemento hidráulico de materiales granulares para bases y subbases, es un proceso muy utilizado en la construcción de pavimentos debido a sus grandes ventajas y aportes estructurales. En la actualidad, ha surgido la necesidad de desarrollar métodos constructivos novedosos que contribuyan a la sostenibilidad del medio ambiente y reduzcan los costos constructivos de la red vial. En este trabajo se analizaron dos materiales granulares diferentes, uno que cumple con las características solicitadas por la normativa costarricense (CR-2020) para ser considerado en la construcción de capas de base estabilizada y otro que no. En estos se agregaron distintos porcentajes de fibras sintéticas de tereftalato de polietileno (PET) reciclado para determinar si mediante esta adición se puede disminuir la cantidad del material cementante requerido, con el fin de reducir costos en el proceso constructivo de bases estabilizadas y, por otro lado, para analizar si es posible obtener las resistencias a la compresión mínimas requeridas por la normativa utilizando otro material granular que no está destinado para tal fin.
Utilizando diferentes porcentajes de cemento tipo MM/C (C-P)-28 con los dos materiales granulares, se fabricaron cilindros para una muestra patrón (sin PET) y también para muestras con varios porcentajes de adición de fibras recicladas de PET. A partir de una evaluación mecánica, se obtuvieron resultados positivos en los que se pudo observar que, mediante esta adición de fibras, se puede reducir la cantidad de material cementante inclusive por debajo del mínimo permitido por la normativa costarricense vigente (3 %) sin comprometer la resistencia a la compresión. Por ejemplo, durante la investigación se observó que al utilizar un 2,5 % de cemento en los materiales granulares con adición de fibras sintéticas de PET, se obtuvo una resistencia a la compresión promedio de 3,33 MPa, la cual se encuentra sobre el mínimo permitido de 3,0 MPa.
The effect of vanadium micro-alloying on the microstructure of welded joints in high-strength structural steels
Authors: Stornelli Giulia , Tselikova Anastasiya , Schmidt Rolf , Vargas Bryan Ramiro Rodriguez , Zucca Guido , Di Schino Andrea
Published: September 2023

The balance between high strength and toughness in high-strength-low-alloy (HSLA) steels can be defined by the thermal cycles in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of a welded joint, during a double-pass welding process with secondary heating in the inter-critical zone (IC CG HAZ). After multiple heating cycles in the temperature range between Ac1 and Ac3, the steel undergoes a strong loss of toughness and resistance to fatigue, mainly caused by the formation of residual austenite (RA). This study aims to investigate the influence of vanadium addition on the behavior of IC GC HAZ in S355-grade HSLA steel. The welding thermal cycles were simulated, considering five different inter-critical temperatures, between 720 and 790 °C. The addition of vanadium as a micro-alloy to an S355 structural steel was found to increase the mechanical strength of the IC GC HAZ zone of a welded joint without compromising toughness and fatigue resistance. This result is obtained through the generation of a bainitic microstructure with dispersion of fine regions of residual austenite and a fine and uniformly distributed precipitation.

Graphical abstract
Ekologistyka ale jaka?
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Kolegium Nauk Przyrodniczych, Instytut Nauk Rolniczych, Ochrony i Kształtowania Środowiska, Zakład Podstaw Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Odpadami, Kostecka Joanna
Published: September 2023

The Anthropocene is developing exponentially as a function of the growing human population and its civilizational development in the 21st century. In addition to numerous amenities, it carries a number of socio-economic and environmental risks. The aim of the study is to emphasize the importance of anchoring people's knowledge and culture of human activity in problems of threats to the natural environment. The publication also describes some components of the implementation of the subject "Ecologistics" in the field of "Logistics in the agricultural and food sector" at the University of Rzeszów. On the basis of own experience, discussions with students and the results of the survey, an idea of the content of this subject through the eyes of students was compiled.
GMO z perspektywy judaizmu
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Kolegium Nauk Przyrodniczych, Zakład Inżynierii Produkcji Rolno-Spożywczej, Twardowski Mirosław
Published: September 2023

The last decades have been a time of spectacular development of modern technologies, including those in the food production sector. As a result of the transfer of genes from one organism to another, it has become possible to create ever new varieties of genetically modified plants and animals. These achievements of modern science do not go unnoticed in religious circles, especially in the religious tradition of Judaism with its specific prohibitions on the consumption of certain products of plant and animal origin and the norms regulating the cultivation or preparation of food. Jewish law distinguishes the species of animals that Jews can eat, i.e. kosher ones, from those that they cannot eat, i.e. non-kosher (all plants are considered kosher). This environment also raises issues related to the cultivation and consumption of genetically modified plants and animals, including those with genetic material artificially transferred from other plants or animals considered in that tradition to be non-kosher. Although there is no consensus in Judaism, its mainstream tends to accept genetic technologies for altering organisms and the consumption of modified foods. Jewish decision-makers in the field of law and ethics base their mild stance on the general principle that anything not explicitly forbidden in the Bible and the Talmud is accepted as permitted.
Neurotheology: Origins, Ideological Background and the Heuristic Problem
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Samarina Tatiana
Published: September 2023

In the paper a critical analysis of the neurotheological concept of Andrew Newberg is provided. In the beginning, the specifics of the reception of his legacy in the Russian and foreign research literature are analyzed, a conclusion is made about many prejudices which obscure Newberg's legacy. Then the reconstruction of the origins of the Newberg concept in the work of his teacher E. d'Aquili and the circle of the Zygon journal is carried out. The innovativeness of d'Aquili's ideas regarding the role of the parietal lobe in the formation of religion and his theory of ritual behavior are considered. Then the analysis of the ideological foundations of Newberg's concept is carried out, his criticism of the empirical foundations of new atheism and cognitive religious studies is investigated. It is demonstrated that despite the declared sympathy, Newberg is not an apologist for a religious worldview. He distinguishes two forms in religion: mystical and fundamentalist. The existence of both is associated with the process of brain evolution. The structures responsible for fundamentalism, according to Newberg, arose at the early stages of human development and were directly related to his survival, and those responsible for mysticism are the most recent and are the pinnacle of brain evolution. These data allow Newberg not to recognize fundamentalist elements in religion and suggest that mystical ones should be used by secular consciousness. The article shows that these ideas are based on the humanistic psychology of E. Fromm and the conclusion is made that Newberg's attitude to religion is not so unambiguous as it is commonly believed in the circles of his critics.
Theoretical and Conceptual Approaches and Results of Empirical Study of the Phenomenon of Tolerance (Literature Review)
Authors:   Northern State Medical University, Svetlichnaya Tatyana , Smirnova Elena ,   Cherepovets State University
Published: September 2023

In modern conditions of postmodernity, which is characterized on the one hand by the blurring of moral and cultural values of a person, and on the other hand, by an orientation towards tolerance in various areas of his life. It should be noted that in modern society, the phenomenon of tolerance is increasingly perceived as freedom from prejudice, often in order to justify deviations and impose a minority position on the majority. It is believed that a tolerant person should be able to fully accept the other. This situation is increasingly common in modern society. On the one hand, in the current situation, a person should be deprived of such personal qualities as will, critical thinking, moral understanding of what is happening. In other words, the personality must lose its own identity. The purpose of this study was to comprehend the phenomenon of tolerance from the standpoint of theoretical and conceptual approaches to its study for use in medical and sociological research of health and healthcare. In the course of the study, an analytical method was used in combination with a scientific and theoretical approach, materials from 63 literature sources were analyzed. The article attempts an etymological analysis of the problems of tolerance formation, changes in the meaning of the word in the historical aspect, presents various classifications of the concept. We came to the conclusion that a tolerant personality copes with the emerging stressful situation, it is characterized by such personality qualities as patience, endurance, mental stability. Such people are distinguished by friendliness, calmness, the ability to listen, analyze and conduct a dialogue. Quite different characteristics apply to an intolerant personality. On the contrary, they are anxious and feel a sense of threat coming from outside. They are confident in their own exclusivity, they are not ready to take responsibility, but seek to shift it to others.
The Concept of Man and His Spirituality in Modern Neuroscientific Research: A Philosophical Analysis
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Pluzhnikova Natalia
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to a critical review of a qualitatively new project of human understanding, which has been developed in modern scientific interdisciplinary research. The latter refers to neuroscience research that affects not only neurophysiology, but also claims to revolutionize the philosophical understanding of human nature and spirituality. This revolution concerns, first of all, the interpretation of spirituality as a special subjective reality, as well as the solution of the so-called "hard mind problem" ("complex problem of consciousness"). The author turns to the analysis of the concept of spirituality, which is interpreted in the context of neuroscientific research on subjective reality. Spirituality in these studies is identified with subjective reality. In the neurosciences, spirituality as a sphere of human existence, aimed at transcendental values, is replaced by subjective reality, which ultimately comes down to the activity of brain neurons. The author gives a critical assessment of this interpretation of spirituality. A special place in understanding the subjective reality of neuroscience is assigned to the problem of consciousness. The author analyzes the solution of the "complex problem of consciousness" from the standpoint of modern neuroscience. In this regard, special attention is paid to the concept of neuropsychoanalysis by Mark Solms. The author considers the concept of Marx Solms as one of the many reductionist projects that exist in modern science, reducing human nature to biological and neurophysiological processes occurring in the brain. The author points out that such reductionism leads not only to a rethinking of human nature, but also to a new vector in the development of modern philosophical anthropology – as a secondary doctrine of man that complements neuroscience.
Motivated Ignorance as a Philosophical Category: Theoretical and Practical Potential
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Golubinskaya Anastasia
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the consequential model of ignorance as an epistemic state of a non-expert subject. Ignorance remains one of the least developed and ambiguous categories in contemporary philosophy and theory of knowledge. Nevertheless, motivated ignorance as one of its forms can be found everywhere in everyday life, in particular, in healthcare, consumer behavior, political preferences, and most often in legal conceptions. Generalization of life situations of motivated ignorance makes it possible to detect its manifestations as a cognitive and socially determined phenomenon. The cognitive manifestation of motivated ignorance refers to the peculiarities of experiencing situations of uncertainty, the social one – to the consequences that come as a result of accepting the knowledge. The latter follows from philosophy of law and doctrine of ignorance and specifically intentional ignorance motivated by an attempt to manage risks. Combining the experience of philosophical and legal research of ignorance with agnotology, i.e. the study of the social production of ignorance, and the epistemology of ignorance, which examines the factors of distribution of knowledge in the social system, we find that in this case ignorance is not the absence of knowledge or the lack of process of cognition per se, but the conclusion of causal reasoning about the interaction with the social environment, the result of which is the onset of undesirable consequences. The research shows that the ignorance motivation can be determined by pragmatically, existentially, altruistically, doxastically justified statements that the subject adheres to, as well as the subjects desire to choose the simplest ways to solve problems. The article notes the perspective in which such studies of ignorance seem to be an effective way to deepen our understanding of the factors of acceptance of scientific knowledge by non-expert people, in particular the need to resist the strengthening of anti-scientific beliefs in society.
Cyclic Development of Design and Technology Culture: Problems of Methodology
Authors:   Samara State Institute of Culture, Eretin Aleksandr , Kuznetsova Majja ,   Volgograd State Agrarian University
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes approaches to understanding the essence of technological culture and the patterns of its development from the methodological positions of the design culture and the theory of selforganization. The phenomenon of technological culture is studied in the unity of the conceptual, praxeological and organizational aspects. The process of formation and development of technological culture is cyclical. Cyclicity is appearing in the periodic reiteration of the stages of cultural reproduction and cultural variability. The study gives a description of the three-phase structure of the cultural cycle, taking into account the role of self-organization processes at each formative stage. At the first formative stage the specificity of the self-organization mechanism is reduced to the formation of rigid links (structures) that measure and fasten images, signs and objects that are useful for the cultural formation. At the second stage a fundamental livelihood of the developing object as a whole is created. Usually this is a fundamental principle that sets coherence, synchronization of processes in a sociocultural system. At the third stage the processes of self-organization provide a livelihood for the components of the object which leads to the achievement of morphological and axiological integrity and uniqueness of the object, the system enters into symbiotic relationships with objects of another type, completes development and prepares the transition to a new three-part cycle of shaping. The article deals with the first historical cycle of formation and development of technological culture: "Hellenism – Ancient Rome – Byzantium". Each phase of the cultural cycle is characterized by the originality of subject, target and organizational factors. In future the undertaken research will reveal the features of technological culture on its modern "digital" stage basing on the logic of cyclic patterns developed within the framework of the proposed methodology.
A consolidação do Imaginário neoliberal urbano: o caso de Porto Alegre
Authors: Silveira Lara Caldas Fernandes da
Published: September 2023

O século XX inicia um processo de reorganização tempo-espacial e financeiro-informacional, que tende a ser centrado na infraestrutura de centros urbanos e suas condições de articulação com o capital global. Esse processo influencia uma série de políticas neoliberalizantes justificadas muitas vezes pelo discurso do “não há alternativa”: a modernização é necessária, e a reprodução social (econômica e urbana) dependeria de ajustes fiscais orientados aos interesses do mercado. No século XXI, entretanto, com a contínua institucionalização e naturalização do neoliberalismo, argumentamos que ocorre um processo de formação de um novo imaginário social. Isso possibilitaria o reenquadramento das políticas neoliberais em uma visão otimista, ou pelo menos neutra, em que essas políticas aparecem como o cumprimento de uma profecia da modernidade, configurando um ‘dever-ser’ urbano. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é explorar essas mudanças no imaginário urbano a partir de uma investigação teórica, usando a cidade de Porto Alegre como um estudo de caso instrumental. Para tanto, consideramos principalmente os planos diretores dos últimos 20 anos, assim como outras políticas relevantes de configuração urbana, e articulações da academia e do poder público.
A RECTANGULAR SLOTTED DUAL-NOTCH UWB ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION APPLICATION
Authors: Subhash B. K. , Biradar Rajashekhar C.
Published: September 2023

Data traffic is expanding in direct proportion to advancements in electronic systems and wireless communication. Increased bandwidth can alleviate data congestion. To meet the aforementioned demand, a rectangular U-slotted ultrawideband (UWB) dual-notch antenna with a half-cut ground structure is introduced in this work. The UWB is achieved by connecting the radiator via a steps-type structure having a 1-mm dimension around the radiator's edges. Furthermore, the ground plane is lowered, with horizontal slits etched on it. The radiator and ground plane modifications aid in achieving a larger impedance bandwidth. The UWB antenna has an overall geometry of 40 × 30 × 1.6 mm3. The projected UWB antenna operates in the frequency range of 2.6-3.9 GHz with greater than 3.2 dB gain across the impedance bandwidth. To achieve the notching in the design, a U-shaped slot is carved in the radiator. This modification leads to dual-notch frequency bands ranging from 3.8 to 5.3 and 6.2 to 7.3 GHz, thereby covering worldwide interoperability for microwave access and satellite bands. In this study, the time-domain features were also examined, and group delay was found to be less than 1 ns across the operational frequency except at the notch band. The simulated and measured results were in line and assure that the designed antenna is appropriate for UWB applications.