bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Racial Alienation in Hamid's The Last White Man: A Fanonian Study
Authors: Baqar Ali , Aamir Muhammad , Mujahid Kiran , Habib Rumyia
Published: March 2024

Racism is a widespread issue around the globe that creates traumatic stress among people of color. Every black person must confront with a typical racist behavior in daily life. Race is a sort of alienation since it is the process by which the subject's objectification mediates the unity of the universe and the Self. It leads to dehumanization of the indigenous people of color in western societies. Black and indigenous people of color in the U.S. are particularly vulnerable because they are subject to a system of white supremacy. This study investigates how racial experiences affect people of color, how they fall victim to racial prejudice, and how racism leads to trauma and alienation. I have tried to examine how race has been explored in this fictional work and the effects it has for one's identity. This study concentrates on his perceptions of racial prejudice in a different locality. Frantz Fanon perspective of alienation is used to elaborate and explore the issue. Fanon conceives race as a form of alienation. In Black Skin, White Mask (1967), Fanon paints an image of a society in which one must adhere to the criteria of whiteness to be considered as human. He postulates that a black person is a phobogenic object, sparking anxiety in the eyes of white subjects.
New findings of some rare species in the vascular flora of Biosphere Reserve “Lower Prut” (Republic of Moldova)
Authors: Cassir Polina , Izverscaia Tatiana , Ghendov Veaceslav
Published: March 2024

The article provides data on the results of monitoring rare and endangered vascular plants in the Biosphere Reserve “Lower Prut”, in the southwestern part of the Republic of Moldova. The new information on the presence of five rare species (Schoenoplectiella supina (L.) Lye, Cyperus odoratus subsp. transcaucasicus (Kük.) Kükkonen, Valerianella pumila (L.) DC., Valerianella turgida (Steven) Betcke and Veronica scutellata L.), bioecological, distributional, sozological and some populational features are presented. Schoenoplectiella supina is listed and collected for the southwestern region for the first time.
Implementación de una estrategia de alfabetización inicial a distancia con estudiantes de preescolar durante la pandemia
Authors:   Unidad de Servicios para la Educación Básica en el Estado de Querétaro, Mora Sánchez Gabriela , Morado Otero Sandra Estela ,   Unidad de Servicios para la Educación Básica en el Estado de Querétaro
Published: March 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la implementación de una estrategia de alfabetización a distancia en colaboración con madres y padres de familia, a partir de la situación educativa de enseñanza derivada de la pandemia por covid-19. Dicha estrategia es resultado de la adaptación de un modelo de intervención constructivista. Participaron 30 estudiantes hispanohablantes mexicanos de tercero de preescolar de un jardín de niños público rural, a quienes se les aplicó una tarea de evaluación para conocer su nivel de escritura antes y después de aplicar la estrategia. Los resultados mostraron que 28 de los 30 participantes avanzaron notoriamente en sus niveles de escritura y más de la mitad logró alfabetizarse. Se evidenció que la alfabetización inicial puede lograrse virtualmente al plantear situaciones de reflexión sobre el sistema de escritura y uso de textos escritos a las y los estudiantes y contar con el apoyo de sus familias.
Matemáticas y espacio público. Estudio de caso de eventos matemáticos extraescolares y su interpretación
Authors:   Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Palmas Pérez Santiago Alonso , Sánchez Rodríguez Brenda Valery ,   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma
Published: March 2024

Este estudio forma parte de una investigación más amplia que describe la interacción entre los conocimientos matemáticos construidos durante un evento matemático específico, a través de una exploración situada de prácticas matemáticas en el espacio público. Su objetivo es analizar el origen de las prácticas realizadas en ese espacio para revelar aspectos que los discursos social y escolarmente aceptados no reconocen. Hemos elegido los “nuevos estudios sobre la cultura escrita” (Baker, Street y Tomlin, 2006) como marco teórico, así como los estudios etnográficos sobre el caminar (Ingold y Vergunst, 2008), con el fin de describir cómo las prácticas sociales moldean los contenidos matemáticos. Presentamos el estudio de caso de una niña de cinco años y sus reflexiones sobre carteles, señales y prácticas matemáticas mientras camina por una calle en la Ciudad de México. Este capítulo contribuye a la continua exploración de las relaciones entre la escuela y las prácticas sociales que involucran matemáticas.
Conocimientos matemáticos de menores trabajadores. Una mirada a través de la proporcionalidad y la pepena
Authors:   Escuela Primaria Acayucan, Padilla Carrillo Erika Isabel , Solares Rojas Armando ,   Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados
Published: March 2024

En este capítulo estudiamos conocimientos matemáticos que niños trabajadores ponen en juego al enfrentar situaciones de proporcionalidad presentes en sus actividades laborales. Para ello, recurrimos a herramientas teóricas y metodológicas del campo de la didáctica de las matemáticas, la etnografía y el aprendizaje situado. Encontramos que los menores trabajadores enfrentan tareas matemáticas ricas y complejas, tanto por las restricciones provenientes de los contextos en que se presentan estas tareas como por sus características matemáticas y las técnicas que los niños usan para resolverlas. Nos enfocamos en el análisis de la actividad laboral de Isabel, miembro de una familia que (sobre)vive de la “pepena” de cartón. Realizamos observaciones “in situ” de su actividad y una entrevista fuera de su lugar de trabajo. Esperamos que los resultados que presentamos sean de utilidad para construir puentes entre los conocimientos matemáticos que los menores trabajadores estudian en la escuela y los que movilizan en su entorno laboral.
Optimal Scaling Appraisal of Maturity Status of Nigerian Polytechnic Education in Industry 4.0
Authors: T. A. Odetayo , I. O. Adegbite
Published: March 2024

The first industrial revolution in the 18th century is related to the transformation to mechanization by using hydro power and steam power to second, third and a new concept referred to as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) that combine Internet of Things (IoT) technologies with the manufacturing which is seen as a significant paradigm shift in industrial manufacturing, named as Industry 4.0 (4IR). This study explored the perspectives of people on the lingering issue of maturity of Nigerian Polytechnics in terms of 4th industrial revolution; thus, the paper aimed at appraising the maturity status of Nigerian polytechnics in the industry 4.0 using Optimal Categorical Scaling Regression (Catreg). Data collection was cross-region in Nigeria. This research used the stratified sampling method to ensure a proper spread and it was designed in line with descriptive survey, systematically examining the maturity status of their institution on 4IR through the primary data collected with the aid of questionnaire and focus group discussion from the stakeholders in private and public Nigerian polytechnics. The data were sourced from 18 Polytechnics, 1 each from federal, state and private in each geographical zone. Inferential statistical tools of optimal scaling regression analysis were deployed. The analysis inferred that eagerness of leaders and competence as well as modern ICT and mobile devices are fully mature but implementation of 4IR road-map, decentralization, modelling and simulation, sharing knowledge and open innovation, ICT competence and openness to new technology are still maturing. It is recommended that the educational policy and a blueprint of education for Industry 4.0 should be formulated and implemented to meet the global standard of education.
Pengaruh Implementasi Good Corporate Governance, Komunikasi Organisasional dan Kompetensi Teknis Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Finnet Indonesia
Authors: Bakkara Eko Wirawan , Dwi Praja Mafajri
Published: March 2024

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini sangat mempengaruhi cara bekerja dan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satunya dalam memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi keuangan digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif. hasil kerja yang telah dicapai oleh seseorang atau sekelompok orang dalam organisasi sesuai dengan tugas dan tanggung jawab yang dibebankan kepadanya didasarkan pada kecakapan, pengalaman, kesungguhan dan waktu. kesimpulan penelitian sebagai berikut: 1. Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan secara simultan good corporate governance, komunikasi organisasional kompetensi teknis dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT Finnet Indonesia. 2. Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan good corporate governance terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan PT Finnet Indonesia. 3. Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan komunikasi organisasional terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan PT Finnet Indonesia. 4. Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan kompetensi teknis terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan PT Finnet Indonesia. 5. Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan good corporate governance terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Finnet Indonesia.
Revival of Islamic Values in Pakistani Education: Challenges and Potential Solutions
Authors: Soomro Dr. Naimatullah , Ahmad Jamil , Mehmood Hafiz Zahid
Published: March 2024

Quality Education plays an important role in the progress and development of every country. Without Education nation and society can achieve its goals. Educated people can set an exemplary society because education used as strong weapon in awareness of mental capabilities and progress. If the education system be effective and free of errors, the education will be more standardized. We are living in an Islamic country so educational and other policies and systems should be on Islamic values. Importance of Education is realized by this Hadith" Get Education, Even If you have to travel to china" We analyze the success of implementation of Islamic Values should by contracting them in four terms e. g educational, political, social and economical. This is the true reality that every nation and country can achieve its targets in the light of his "settled values and goals”. In this article We analyze, how we can implement Islamic values in education system and the solution of problems and hurdles achieving the goals of Islamic values.If the education be in accordance of Islam and Islamic values. We can prosper in such a good way that no one compete us, and challenge us. We can change the world as no other religion and nation can be equal to Islam
Impact of Firm Performance and CEO Compensation with Moderating Role of Board Characteristics and Audit Quality
Authors: Ghulam Fareed Khan  , Sonia Hassan  , Qadeer Naureen
Published: March 2024

The motive behind conducting this study is to investigate the effect of the agency theory on Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Compensation through alignment among firm performance and CEO compensation. The moderating variables like Board characteristics (Board independence, Board gender diversification) and Audit quality have some connection between firm performance and CEOs compensation. The data for the period 2013 to 2017 is collected from 100 non-financial firms registered at the stock exchange of Pakistan. Empirical evidence show that firm performance is positively connected with CEO compensation which is close to the agency theory's pay-performance correlation plan. The results demonstrate that independent directors on board insignificantly affect the alignment among firm performance and CEO compensation in Pakistan. The Board gender diversity has an insignificant effect on the alignment among firm performance and CEO compensation. In contrast, audit quality positively affects the alignment among firm performance and CEO compensation. Since a higher quality audit gives the organization a realistic view. The control variable results also purported that financial leverage and firm age have no influence on the CEOs compensation but firm size has positive effect on CEOs compensation. This study contributes in future research on the Agency theory and pay related performance contribution.
The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Job Performance: A Study on Frontline Healthcare Workers
Authors: Faryal  , Irum Naqvi
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the current study was to see the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance in frontline healthcare workers. The cross-sectional study was carried out from January to April 2022 in Pakistan, after permission was obtained from different hospitals in Peshawar, Charsadda, Rawalpindi/Islamabad, and Multan. A purposive sample of frontline healthcare workers (N= 400) having an age range of 22 to 47 years.  Data was collected through a booklet comprised of demographic sheets, a job satisfaction scale, and a job performance scale (Self-rating and Supervisor-rating). Data were analyzed using SPSS-23. Results revealed that job satisfaction has a positive relationship with job performance. It has been found that female frontline healthcare workers exhibited higher extrinsic job satisfaction than male frontline healthcare workers. Moreover, paramedical staff exhibited higher job performance and job satisfaction than nurses and doctors. The results would reflect both theoretical and practical implications for hospital administrations in enhancing job performance and the development of programs to increase job satisfaction.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Life Goals of University Students: Orientation and Role in Educational Success
Authors: Firdous Maryum , Riaz Rabia
Published: March 2024

Self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000) describes life goals as being intrinsic goals and extrinsic goals. The intrinsic goals include self-acceptance, affiliation, and community feeling; however, financial success, image, and popularity are extrinsic goals. The theory suggests that intrinsic goals are positively related to human functioning and wellbeing, while extrinsic goals are negatively related to it. Empirical studies conducted in developed and individualist societies support the theory. This study explores these life goals of university students in a developing and collectivist society of Pakistan. The study also investigates the relationship of these goals with critical thinking skills and academic achievement of the students. The data was collected from 193 male and female students, aged above 18 at a public sector university in Karachi. It was a survey and the study used self-administered questionnaires on demographics, intrinsic and extrinsic life goals, critical thinking skills, and academic achievement. The analysis revealed that students’ intrinsic goals were significantly higher than their extrinsic goals. Also, it was found that intrinsic goals were significantly positively linked to their critical thinking, and extrinsic goals were significantly positively linked to their achievement. The findings conclude that university students are more intrinsically oriented than they are extrinsically oriented. Also, extrinsic goals may not undermine students’ educational success in developing and/or collectivist cultures. Therefore, it is recommended that students' extrinsic goals may not be condemned by the teachers, parents and society. There is a need for more research into intrinsic and extrinsic life goals in various cultural and socioeconomic contexts.
Work-Family Conflict and its Relationship with Emotional Well-Being of Working Women in Police
Authors: Abdullah Tauqeer , Anwar Ul Haq  , Khan Muhammad Ibrahim
Published: March 2024

Work-family conflict in Pakistan is one of the leading issues that affect working women’s mental health. This study aimed to identify a relationship between work-family conflict and the emotional well-being of policewomen. The study was carried out using quantitative method with survey design. Working women (4268) in the Punjab police made up the total population of the study. Lahore and Sargodha divisions were selected as clusters, from which a sample of 330 policewomen was drawn. A self-constructed questionnaire was used, which was built on a 5-point Likert scale. The questionnaire was validated through content and face validity. The tool was pilot tested on 20 policewomen, and reliability was ensured with the help of Cronbach’s ?. The data were analyzed with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS. The correlation was identified via Pearson’s correlation, which found a significant positive correlation between work-family conflict and emotional well-being (r = .65, p < .05). Married policewomen were more likely to face work-family conflict (M = 39.80, SD = 6.68) than unmarried policewomen (M = 34.51, SD = 7.51). Work-family conflict affected the emotional well-being of married policewomen more (M = 52.75, SD = 10.36) than unmarried policewomen (M = 45.42, SD = 10.01). The overall study concluded that there was a significant relationship between work-family conflict and the emotional well-being of working women in the police force; married policewomen faced greater work-family conflict compared to unmarried policewomen; and work-family conflict affected the emotional well-being of married policewomen more than unmarried policewomen.
EFR Empirical Brilliance in Employment Strategies: Orchestrating Firm Stature, Exquisite Labor Proficiency, and Exponential Productivity in Confluence with Discerning Leverage and Enriched FDI Share
Authors: Saeed Ur Rehman  , Zia Ur Rahman
Published: March 2024

This study endeavors to scrutinize the veracity of Gibrat's law pertaining to the expansion of firms at the micro-level and explores the determinants of firms’ growth by employing datasets from emerging nations from 2004 to 2021. The study used panel unit root tests to scrutinize stationarity and system GMM to tackle endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity. Overall, the findings of this study provide empirical support for Gibrat's law in the context of privatized banks in developing nations. Furthermore, the outcomes indicate that globalization and integration have posed considerable challenges for firms seeking to grow in developing countries that have implemented privatization policies. These conclusions suggest that certain elements, apart from size and sector growth, play a significant role in the evolution of a firm's growth trajectory. Nonetheless, the scope of this study is restricted to the evaluation of privatized banks in developing countries, and it does not delve into the specific methods of privatization utilized. Future research should explore diverse cohort sizes and expand the literature to address micro-level intricacies.
The Perception of Corporate Social Responsibility among Consumers in a Developing Nation
Authors: Syed Zerlish Ali , Raza Ali Chuhan
Published: March 2024

Corporate social responsibility is getting more and more attention from academia and managers, particularly in terms of how consumers perceive and react to corporate social responsibility or CSR. Nonetheless, the majority of this research was carried out from the perspective of advanced nations. It demonstrates the need for more research on how consumers in emerging nations perceive corporate social responsibility. This study will look at the perception of consumers of Pakistan being a developing country. The study's contradictory findings imply that CSR is still an idea that has to be implemented in underdeveloped nations. Consumers often have little knowledge of and are unsupportive of CSR. This finding is contrary to consumers’ perception in developed nations, who are willing to support corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives launched by organizations.
Financial Indicators and Corporate Financial Distress Prediction in Context of Pakistan: A Systemic Review.
Authors: Muhammad Kamran  , Hassan Mujtaba Nawaz Saleem
Published: March 2024

It is feasible to predict the financial distress that a Pakistani company may experience under the current conditions. This study draws attention to key factors influencing financial forecasting and mitigation by integrating the results of several research studies conducted over the last two decades. The literature places a great deal of emphasis on financial variables such as profitability, solvency, and liquidity as indicators. Other factors that may affect prediction models is an increase in inflation, interest rates, or the gross domestic product. Corporate governance, industry dynamics, market indicators, and legal and regulatory frameworks are among the many factors that impact financial distress prediction. As far as methodologies adopted in existing research are concerned, the machine learning methods are replacing statistical methods and are providing best prediction results. Moreover, this study provides a road map for the future research diretions to be employed for financial prediction related studies.
The Developing Field of Hybrid Perovskite Semiconductor Nanomaterials: A Survey of Recent Advances in their Production and Usage for Optoelectronic Applications.
Authors: Muhammad Shurhabeel  , Batool Kiran , Mohammad Hamza Najeeb  , Tayyaba Noor  , Hassnain Abdullah Hussain  , Alriyan Shoaib  , Muhammad Ausaf Ahmad  , Zeerak Maliha
Published: March 2024

Due to its distinctive characteristics, including high absorption coefficients, lengthy carrier diffusion lengths, and variable bandgap energies, hybrid perovskite semiconductor nanomaterials have become a potential class of materials for a variety of optoelectronic applications. In this article, we present a thorough analysis of current advancements in the production and application of hybrid perovskite semiconductor nanomaterials. We go over the different ways to create these materials, such as hybrid techniques, vapor-phase deposition, and solution-phase synthesis. We also emphasize the difficulties in synthesising them as well as the solutions being sought. The use of hybrid perovskite semiconductor nanomaterials for optoelectronic devices including photovoltaic, light-emitting diodes, and photo detectors has made some significant strides, which we also review. Lastly, we go over the open questions and potential research routes in this quickly developing area. This review highlights the revolutionary potential of hybrid perovskite semiconductor nanomaterials and offers a thorough overview of the state-of-the-art in this field.
In silico analysis of Bacillus stearothermophilus as a bioindicator for sterilizationco analysis of Bacillus stearothermophilus as a bioindicator for sterilization
Authors: Bushra Nisar Khan  , Nageen Hussain  , Ayesha Aihetasham  , Asia Bibi  , Arshia Mukhtar  , Sadaf Abdullah  , Rana Mohsin Ali
Published: March 2024

To kill every kind of viable bacterial cells, sterilization in food and pharmaceutical industries is essential. In this study, bio indicators are used to validate accurate sterility. Bacillus stearothermophilus is used as a reference standard heat stable bio indicator. A 16S ribosomal RNA ribotyping sequence of Bacillus stearothermophilus is compared with different bacterial bioindicators including Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus atrophaeus, Clostridium sporogenes, and Brevundimonas diminuta. Results showed that Bacillus pumilus has the highest percentage (90.88%) similarity with the Geobacillus stearothermophilus followed by the Bacillus atrophaeus (90.84%), and Clostridium sporogenes (85.35%). The Brevundimonas diminuta was the least similar organism having a percentage similarity of 81.71% with the Geobacillus stearothermophilus. Bacterial spores are used as biological indicators for sterilization because they exhibit resistance to chemical and physical sterilization techniques. The protein common in all bacteria under study is Spo0A that make the bacteria heat resistant. The eradication of all these kind of heat resistant spores needs a high temperature which will also kill other viable cells. 
Keywords: Bacillus stearothermophilus; Bacillus pumilus; Bacillus atrophaeus; Clostridium sporogenes and Brevundimonas diminuta; Spo0A protein.
In silico identification and characterization of nifH protein of Azospirillum strains isolated from Solanum tuberosum L.
Authors: Naqqash Tahir , Zahra Mashal , Bilal Hussain Syed , Muhammad Syed Aun , Arshad Muhammad , Kazmi Mehwish Batool
Published: March 2024

Nitrogen (N) constitutes as a fundamental macronutrient necessary for maintaining plant health, metabolism, and overall survival. However, it exists in the soil in insoluble compound forms that plants cannot directly uptake. Biological N-fixation (BNF) is a fundamental process wherein atmospheric N2 is reduced to form biologically available ammonium, providing a key N source for plants. The process of BNF is carried out by a diverse yet limited group of microorganisms termed diazotrophs, using the nitrogenase enzyme. This enzyme complex includes two proteins: di-nitrogenase reductase iron protein (nifH), and di-nitrogenase molybdenum iron protein. Due to its significant conservation, the nifH gene serves as a valuable molecular marker for assessing the potential of N-fixation in various microorganisms. Therefore, the current study focused on a comprehensive computational exploration nifH gene and protein of Azospirillum strains (TN03 and TN22). This analysis includes the evaluation of their physicochemical traits, phylogenetic analysis, structural properties (including 3D models), quality assessment of models, and functional annotation analysis using various established bioinformatics tools. The protein of both strains showed an average molecular weight of approximately 14959 and 15313 Da, respectively, exhibited thermal stability and an acidic profile. Furthermore, this theoretical insight could aid researchers in understanding the structure of predicted protein and might facilitate the designing of genetically modified N-fixing bacteria through the design of specific primers.
Antibacterial and anti-biofilm profiling of Syzygium Aro-Maticum Plant Extracts against Multi-drug resistant Human Pathogens
Authors: Fatima Sana , Saba Saba , Hussain Abid , Aslam Laraib , Naveed Azka
Published: March 2024

Due to rapidly propagating global resistance to antibiotics/pharmacological agents (One Health Challenge) and costly-expenditure for antibiotic formulation, it is primordial to look for efficient alternatives and ample of evidences document the ability of plant extracts in this regard. This study aimed to evaluate antibacterial and anti-biofilm profiles of Syzygium aromaticum extracts against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Sampling of blood and urinary catheters was done from clinical laboratory of Multan Pakistan. A total of 06 pathogenic strains: Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, were isolated and confirmed by 16SrRNA Ribotyping. Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method was employed for resistance profiling. Flowers of S. aromaticum were used to prepare 04 different extracts i.e., Methanolic, Ethanolic, Dimethyl sulfoxide and Aqueous. Phytochemical screening showed all extracts positive for Proteins, Carbohydrates, Glycosides, Terpenoids, Saponins and Steroids.  MIC and MBC value of all extracts was found 40 µg/ml and 160 µg/ml respectively except Methanolic extract (20 µg/ml and 80 µg/ml respectively). Highest anti-biofilm activity was seen for methanolic extracts. FRAP % was found directly proportional to extract concentration while DDPH % inhibition was: methanolic > ethanolic >Aqueous > DMSO extract. In TLC Analysis, highest Rf value was recorded for Methanolic extract. FTIR analysis showed different peaks as: Alkyl halide-698.58/cm, Aromatic group-879/cm, Alcohol-1013.63/cm, Polysaccharides-1045.10/cm, Carboxylic acid-1436.15/cm, Amides-1515.01/cm and Aldehydes/ketones-2975.35/cm. It is concluded that Methanolic extract of Syzygium aromaticum was found to have highest antibacterial, anti-biofilm and antioxidant potential thus its secondary metabolites are cost-effective candidates which can fuel the future pipeline for antibiotic discovery.
Phyto-extracts Mediated Biological Control of Citrus Canker
Authors: Muhammad Usama Bin Tariq  , Riaz Hasan , Muhammad Arslan Khan  , Mirza Abdul Qayyum  , Sami Ullah  , Muhammad Hassan  , Farrukh Shahzad  , Muhammad Shan Latif
Published: March 2024

Citrus is second most important fruit crop and has significance economic importance in Pakistan. In Pakistan 2.17 million tonnes citrus was produced on area of 1.94 million acre. Citrus is mostly cultivated in Punjab and affected by different types of plant pathogens. Citrus canker is the most harmful disease among the major diseases of citrus which is caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. The copper based fungicides are mostly employed to manage the citrus canker in the field but excessive use of chemicals have negatively impacted the environment and warrant the need to find out organic solutions therefore the current study was aimed at identifying suitable plants extracts for the control of citrus canker bacterium. Isolation of the bacterium X.axonopodis was done through streaking on agar plate technique. Morphological and bio-chemical tests such as gram staining, KoH test, catalase test and starch hydrolysis test were performed to examine the bacteria X.axonopodispv. citri. Plant extracts were evaluated, in vitro, against the X.axonopodis pv. citri through paper disc method which showed the inhibition zone against the disease. The 100 percent extract of garlic, ginger, aloevera, moringa were used used along with the streptomycin as a positive control. The inhibition zone was 11.67mm and 10.83mm due to garlic and moringa extracts respectively while it was 16.67mm in case of positive control. The ginger and aloevera extracts proved ineffective against the citrus canker bacterium.The efficacy of garlic and moringa extracts were also checked against the X. axonopodis pv. citri under glasshouse conditions. The inoculum was sprayed on Kinnow plants, with three replicates, for each extract and data was recorded 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 days post inoculation (dpi).The recorded disease severity percentage, after 35dpi, on garlic and moringa treated plants were 9.67% and  14.27% respectively while the 27% disease severity was recorded on control (plants sprayed with autoclaved distilled water). The garlic extract proved to be most effective followed by moringa extract which could be used as a potential organic solution to control citrus canker.
Pharmacognostic, Physicochemical, Phytochemical and Chromatographic Characterization of Vaividanga Choornam, A Siddha Polyherbal Formulation
Authors: Parvathy P. , Natarajan M. , Kannan B. Neethu , Lekha G. S. , Kanagarajan A.
Published: March 2024

Standardization of herbal formulations as determined by the concentration of their activecomponents is essential to appraise the quality of drugs. The current study intends to investigate the phytochemical and physicochemical analyses of Vaividanga Choornam, a traditional Siddha polyherbal composition. This Vaividanga choornam contains the ingredients like Vaividangam (Embelica ribesBurm.), Milagu (Piper nigrumL.), Chukku (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), Omam (Trachyspermum ammi (L) Sprague), and Nilavaagai leaves (Cassia angustifolia Vahl. - syn. Cassia senna). It treatspitha diseases, constipation, indigestion, flatulence, burning sensation, bronchial asthma, and Kapha diseases. It is also an effective medicine for treating intestinal helminths caused by heavy worm burdens in young children. This study aims to estimate the quality of Vaividanga Choornam by performing pharmacognostic studies, preliminary phytochemical analysis, physiochemical parameters like ash value, extractive value, and loss on drying as per pharmacopoeial laboratory for Indian medicine guidelines, and also with the help of tests done with High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), FTIR Spectroscopy, and UV -Vis spectrometric analyses. The results obtained fromthose analyses showed the presence of various phytochemicals. The results indicate that the drug is of adequate quality and may be used to establish pharmacopeial standards of the medicine.
In silico ADME/T Prediction of Steroidal Chalcone derivatives using Swiss ADME and OSIRIS explorer
Authors: M. Mukadam Marwa , M. Jagdale Deepali
Published: March 2024

Cancer is the most devastating and widespread disease all over the globe. To overcome drug resistance, new drugs need to be developed that are target specific. Previously designed ten steroidal chalcone derivatives were assessed for their pharmacokinetic profile and toxicity. The present study describes the evaluation of these derivatives for their ADME profile and toxicity using Swiss ADME and OSIRIS web tools. Structures of designed steroidal chalcone derivatives and progesterone (standard) were converted into canonical SMILES format by using Swiss ADME web tool. These structures were submitted to the Swiss ADME web tool that provided physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds. The OSIRIS web server was mainly used for predicting toxicity properties of all derivatives. OSIRIS results on toxicity showed that all compounds were slightly toxic. Based on Swiss ADME analysis, compounds 4, 9 and 10 have an acceptable bioavailability and comply with Lipinski's rule of five. By evaluating their drug score and ADMET properties, it was concluded that compounds 4, 9 and 10 could potentially have favourable characteristics of oral drugs, and further research could be carried out to evaluate them as anticancer agents by performing in-vitro and in-vivo cytotoxic studies.
Investigating Influence of Financial Literacy on Investment Decision: Mediating Role of Risk Tolerance
Authors: Dr. S. Vidya Dr. Sushil Kumar Gupta, Dr. M A Nayeem, , Dr. Kamatchi Preethi V CMA (DR.) Sharad Gautam, Dr. Harshada Aurangabadkar,
Published: March 2024

The Financial Risk Tolerance has a big impact on financial decision-making and is essential for understanding investment opportunities. One important characteristic that draws investors to take advantage of market opportunities is a higher risk tolerance. This study looks into how risk tolerance acts as a mediating factor in the relationship between financial literacy and investing performance. A structured questionnaire was used to gather information from 288 individual investors in India. The results show a strong positive association between investment decision and financial literacy, with risk tolerance acting as a partly mediating factor. This study is noteworthy for its innovative approach to investigating the mediating function of risk tolerance. It demonstrates how higher levels of financial literacy lead to a greater willingness to take risks, which in turn produces better and more satisfactory investment returns. This study has ramifications for investors, financial advisors, and legislators. It highlights the value of financial literacy in raising awareness and encouraging non-investors to make investments.
Moderating effect of CSR on the Direction and Strength of the Relationship between Corporate Governance Mechanism and Integrated Reporting Quality: An Evidence from India
Authors: Dr. Bamadeb Mishra Ananya Mishra, Dr. Rabindra Kumar Swain,
Published: March 2024

Grounding upon the perspective of agency theory, the current study intends to inspect the association between Governance Practices of Companies, in the form of board attributes and Quality of Integrated Reporting among selected listed Indian companies. Further the study also aims to evaluate, whether the association between the board’s attributes and IR quality is moderated by the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). For the purpose of testing hypothesis, the study has considered a sample of 25 top Indian corporates of energy industry listed in the BSE-500 group. The period of the study extends from 2017-18 to 2021-22. Pooled OLS regression analysis is used to test the impact of corporate governance practices on the IR quality and evaluate if CSR moderates the strength and direction of their relationship. To ascertain the IR disclosure score of the sample companies, a checklist is developed built on IR Framework devised by the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) and the technique of visual content analysis is applied. Further board size, firm size, leverage, ROE, ROA, Market to Book value ratio are considered as the control variables to strengthen the panel data model. The study found that board characteristics had a positive relationship with IRQ. It is also revealed that CSR positively moderates the association between Corporate Governance mechanism and IRQ. The significance of Corporate Governance in the process of managerial decision making is the major theoretical development of this research.
Study of Dust Particles on Solar Mirrors for Measurement of Soiling by Specular Reflectance and Imaging Assessment
Authors: Le Baron Estelle , Grosjean Antoine , Disdier Angela
Published: March 2024

During the life time of Concentrated Solar Power plants (CSP), optical performances of solar mirrors are affected by soiling phenomena and surface degradations. In order to provide an adequate cleaning strategy, operators must determine the performance loss induced by soiling. Several commercial instruments already exist to measure optical reflectance, but they are dedicated to a single wavelength range or angle, contact and punctual measurements or to laboratory analyses. CEA has developed a new kind of sensor to measure separately the loss of specular reflectance thanks to a CCD camera and photodiodes. In this study, we compared the cleanliness factor calculated with the specular reflectance measured by commercial devices with the image processing performed with our equipment on different artificially soiled solar mirrors. The aim is to ensure that different levels of dirt on the mirrors can be easily assessed with a camera and image processing. We conclude that the level of soiling and the calculation of the percentage of dirty surface are similar to the measurement of the absolute reflectance for all the mirrors tested. These combinations of non-contact, automated, fast and precise measurement with image processing are reproducible for all levels of soiling.
Malignant Transformation of an Aneurysmal Bone Cyst to Huge Fibroblastic Osteosarcoma without Radiation Exposure: Proper Surgical Management is More than a Challenge
Authors:   Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University,, Aytekin Mahmut Nedim , Alemdar Celil ,   International Sisli Doctor Center, Akçaalan Serhat ,   nkara Yıldırım Beyazıt University,, Akkaya Mustafa ,   nkara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Üçkan İpek ,   Isparta City Hospital, Tez Mesut ,   Ankara City Hospital, Tümer Naim Boran ,   Ankara City Hospital, İğde Murat ,   Ankara City Hospital, İnan Hacı Mehmet ,   Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital,, Canyiğit Murat ,   Ankara City Hospital, Öztürk Recep ,   Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital,, Günhan Ömer ,   TOBB ETU Universit
Published: March 2024

In this study, we present a case of aneurysmal bone cyst presenting as pathologic fracture of the left proximal femur. The patient, who had history of multiple surgeries, was referred to us with a giant mass. The patient was found to develop osteosarcoma without radiation exposure. External hemipelvectomy was performed.Appropriate surgical management of a huge tumor that repeatedly operated is more than a challenge like this case. Aneurysmal bone cysts rarely present as pathologic fractures initially. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, the number of aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) exhibiting malignant transformation to osteosarcoma without radiation exposure is less than ten in the literature.Keywords: aneurysmal bone cyst, osteosarcoma, malignant transformation, hemipelvectomy
Pathogenetic Justification in the Treatment of Transcondylar Fractures of the Humerus аmong Children
Authors:   Astana Medical University, Kasymzhanov Askar , Bektasov Zharylgasyn ,   ity Multi-Profile Children's Hospital No. 2, Chikinaev Agabek ,   ity Multi-Profile Children's Hospital No. 2, Angelov Alexander ,   Astana Medical University,
Published: March 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of closed reposition and osteosynthesis in the treatment of transcondylar fracture of the humerus among children.Methods The analysis of the immediate and long-term results of treatment of 321 children with transcondylar fractures of the humerus with displacement in the period from 6 months to 2 years was carried out. Evaluation of the results of treatment of children with transcondylar fractures was carried out according to the four-point system proposed by A.E. Erekeshov (2000). Results. In the study, excellent (45%) and good (52.5%) treatment results were predominantly noted. In 2 patients, after open surgical treatment, limitation of movements in the elbow joint to 15-20 degrees was noted, the result was stated as satisfactory (2.5%). Of the complications - in 3 cases, neuritis of the radial (2) and median (1) nerves was detected, associated with the severity of the injury and significant displacement of fragments in 1 patient and iatrogenic damage during osteosynthesis according to Pappus - 2 cases. Thus, satisfactory results were 2.5%, complications - 3.75%. After the rehabilitation treatment, the function of the nerves in these patients fully recovered after 6 months.Conclusion In case of unstable transcondylar fractures, the separation of fragments, the reposition should be performed under the control of the EOP and osteosynthesis should be carried out using Pappu spokes. The main requirement for achieving stable osteosynthesis is the passage of the spokes through the opposite cortical layer. The most optimal way of fixation is to hold the crossed spokes at an angle of 45 degrees, providing stable osteosynthesis.Keywords: pediatric traumatology, transcondylar fractures, humerus, reposition, osteosynthesis.
Defects of long bones - a brief history of development of technology for their compensation
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician G.A. Ilizarov, Shevtsov Vladimir
Published: March 2024

Bone defect is the loss of part of the bone as a result of exposure to congenital or external factors.Research objective: describe the development of technology for the replacement of defects in long bones with clinical examples. Different variants of transosseous osteosynthesis according to Ilizarov are described: closed distraction osteosynthesis for restoring the length of the segment, bi- and polylocal osteosynthesis for replacing a bone defect, restoring the integrity and length of the damaged segment, using the fibula as an implant.Results of the use of these technologies in the replacement of defects in long bones are presented. Allobones, metals, ceramics, hydroxyapatite used as bone substitutes can only serve as a temporary prosthesis. Mesenchymal stem cells and protein fractions act as stimulators of the regenerative process in conjunction with other technologies.Key words: bone defect, methods of transosseous osteosynthesis according to Ilizarov, artificial materials for replacing bone defects.
Hopeless Waiting and Apprehension of Missing Out
Authors: Alrawi Ahmed
Published: March 2024

This research examines the intersection between the policy issues and the experiences Iraqis have with cellular broadband connections (CBCs) in rural Iraq. Findings imply that the Iraqi rural broadband policy has failed in the following areas: subsidy, licenses, and tax relief. These failures happen due to favoring private cellular broadband providers (CBPs) over rural public interest. Further, the policy failure affected rural Iraqis in the following aspects: social seclusion, apprehension of missing out, waiting without hope, and limited alternatives. This research brings new information about the Iraqi telecom sector that could contribute to filling the knowledge gap in this field.
Drying kinetics and mass transfer parameters of mung beans dried using a convective dryer
Authors: SIQUEIRA Valdiney Cambuy , CRIPPA Diogo Santos , MABASSO Geraldo Acácio , WESTEMAIER Eduardo da Silva , MARTINS Elton Aparecido Siqueira , SCHOENINGER Vanderleia , CASTRO Larissa Kathleen de , TOLEDO Mariana Zampar
Published: March 2024

Convective drying of mung bean seeds was conducted to investigate drying kinetics and mass transfer parameters at temperatures of 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80°C and a fixed air velocity of 1.2 m s-1. Drying characteristics were determined by drying rate, moisture ratio, diffusion coefficient, activation energy, Biot number, and mass transfer coefficient. Drying models such as Newton, Page, Henderson and Pabis, Logarithmic, Midilli, Two-term, and Diffusion approximation were applied and fitted to the moisture ratio of the experimental data. The drying rate was significantly affected by the drying temperature. The Midilli model was considered the most suitable for experimental drying curves. The effective moisture diffusivity ranged from 3.19×10-9 to 10.76×10-9 m2 s-1, with an activation energy of 59.78 kJ mol-1. Similar to the mass transfer coefficient, the Biot number increased with increasing drying temperature. The simultaneous transfer of heat and mass was controlled by diffusion and surface.
DEVELOPMENT AND STUDY OF A MICROSPECTROMETER LAYOUT
Authors: Khudaverdyan S.Kh. , Ayvazyan M.Ts. , Khachatryan M.G. , Makaryan E.A.
Published: March 2024

The photoelectronic processes occurring in a vertically located double-barrier photode-tector under the influence of an external bias voltage are simulated depending on the char-acteristics of the penetrating waves. Under conditions of vertical illumination, to obtain the spectral dependence of the intensity of absorbed radiation, an algorithm was developed for selecting individual waves from the integral flux of the optical signal under conditions of changing the external bias voltage in steps of 1 mV. The algorithm takes into account the main cause-and-effect relationships between the absorption coefficient and design and technological parameters. It makes it possible to obtain the intensities of individual waves from the integral radiation flux in the optical range, where there is a change in the sign of the spectral characteristics and a linear dependence of the point of sign change on the ap-plied voltage.
A general architecture, functional structure and remote control scheme for the monitor-ing system for hazardous substances have been developed, as well as corresponding pro-grams with the help of which the algorithm was operated in the LabVIEW environment. To run the algorithm, a prototype of a spectral analysis device was developed and prepared, in which an Arduino Mega board controlled by a microcontroller was used to analyze the output signal of the photodetector.
The layout was tested using multi-colored LEDs. The spectral dependence of the inten-sity and its numerical data are obtained on the screen using a new principle. This method is novel and opens up prospects for further development of the field of micro-sized spectro-photometers.
To identify mixtures by spectral analysis and estimate their quantity, the RDP (Remote Desktop) protocol of the remote system and the LABVIEW graphical programming envi-ronment were used. RDP was created by Microsoft to provide remote access to Windows servers and workstations.