bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ocular surface microbiome in diabetes mellitus
Authors:   , Suwajanakorn Orathai
Published: June 2024

This cross-sectional, age and gender matched study included 20 eyes of non-diabetic subjects (non-DM group) and 60 eyes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM group). Subgroups of DM were classified by diabetic retinopathy (DR) staging into no DR (DM-no DR), non-proliferative DR (DM-NPDR), proliferative DR (DM-PDR), and by glycemic control (well-controlled DM; HbA1c<7%, poorly-controlled DM; HbA1c≥7%). Conjunctival swabs were performed for ocular surface microbiome analysis using conventional culture and next-generation sequencing analysis (NGS). A higher culture-positive rate was found in DM (15%) than in non-DM group (5%) (pvalue=0.437). Antibiotic-resistant organisms were only detected in the DR groups (DM-NPDR and DM-PDR). The NGS analysis showed that potentially pathogenic bacteria predominated in DM, especially in DR. There was dissimilarity in the ocular surface microbiome between DM and non-DM groups. The subgroup analysis showed that the DR group had significantly different microbial community from DM-no DR and non-DM groups (p-value<0.05). The microbial community in the poorly-controlled DM was also significantly different from well-controlled DM and non-DM groups (p<0.001). Using the NGS method, this study is the first to signify the importance of DR and glycemic control status, which affect the changes in the ocular surface microbiome.
Development of Raman spectroscopy-integrated calcium oxalate crystallization index (rCOCI) test and its clinical validation for diagnosing calcium oxalate urolithiasis
Authors:   , Boonkam Kamonchat
Published: June 2024

Urinary stone disease is mostly formed in the kidney and is highly recurrent. The most common type of urinary stones is calcium oxalate (CaOx). The development of urinary screening tests for estimating risk of CaOx stone formation is still challenging. Recently, we developed a urinary test, called indole-reacted calcium oxalate crystallization index (iCOCI) test, that provided a high diagnostic accuracy for CaOx urolithiasis. However, the iCOCI test is time-consuming and highly acidic chemicals are required for quantifying amount of CaOx. In this study, we proposed to develop a new method, called Raman spectroscopy-integrated calcium oxalate crystallization index (rCOCI) test, that used Raman spectroscopy to quantify amount of CaOx produced in the supersaturated urine instead of the indole reaction. Urinary rCOCI value calculated from the Raman peak intensity was the best value for CaOx quantitation. Method validation of the rCOCI test was conducted, and analytical validation parameters including specificity, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), repeatability, and reproducibility were reported. The rCOCI method was validated within the linear range of 50-100 mM. The LOD and LOQ of the test were 24 mM and 72 mM, respectively. The repeatability and reproducibility of the test were acceptable. For clinical validation, the rCOCI levels were determined in 24-h urine samples to evaluate the performance for distinguishing CaOx stone patients from non-stone forming (NSF) subjects. Urinary rCOCI levels in CaOx stone patients (n = 44) were significantly higher than NSF subjects (n = 98). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of urinary rCOCI test for separating CaOx stone patients from NSF subjects revealed an area under the ROC curve of 0.8244 (95%CI: 0.7438-0.9051). At the cutoff of 1.40, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and accuracy of urinary rCOCI test for diagnosing CaOx urolithiasis were 80.00%, 57.00%, 45.45%, 86.15%, 1.86, 0.36 and 64.00%, respectively. In conclusion, the urinary rCOCI test was successfully developed. Method validation parameters suggested that urinary rCOCI test was suitable for quantifying CaOx produced in supersaturated urine. Clinical accuracy testing demonstrated that urinary rCOCI test had a good performance for separating CaOx urolithiasis from NSF individuals. We believed that this innovative urinary rCOCI test could be used for screening CaOx urolithiasis, and it could provide a significant commercial impact in the future.
Huai-River policy and regional economic development: status and prospect
Authors:   , Gao Yannan
Published: June 2024

This study explores the impact of the Huai River policy on human and economic activities. First, we study the impact of central heating policy on air quality. Second, the impact of the Huai River policy on human migration and FDI is explored. Third, we further explore the impact of the Huai River policy on economic development. This study has both theoretical and empirical parts. It initially explores the role of variables by establishing a theoretical framework. Then, it applies statistical methods to verify the model and propose new explanations for the phenomenon. We use the county-level data near the heating borderline and data of prefecture-level cities to verify the hypotheses. Econometric methods such as discontinuity regression, panel regression, instrumental variable estimation, and synthetic control method are applied.

The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the air quality in heating areas is significantly worse than in non-heating areas due to central heating. Clean heating projects have played an important role in improving air quality. Second, the population distribution of the non-heating areas has a positive U-shaped distribution with the increasing distance from the heating area. This result considers all the prefecture-level cities south of the heating borderline. Third, the heating areas north of the heating borderline do not attract more population inflows, but the non-heating areas south of the heating borderline attract more population inflows. This result is based on the counties located around the heating borderline. Fourth, central heating areas do not attract more foreign direct investment. Last, the GDP per capita and night light brightness of heating areas along the heating borderline are significantly higher than those of non-heating areas. Population migration is not the decisive factor affecting the difference in economic development between areas with and without central heating. It is the output value brought by the heating industry itself that promotes regional economic development.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Absorber Piston Rod Design Parameter using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zamri Muhammad Zaki
Published: June 2024

Car absorbers provide a comfortable ride and improve ride handling by delivering road wheel contact. The typical car absorber problems are oil leakage and piston rod wear-out due to the lateral friction between the shell case and piston rod. The piston rod can bend and rupture when exposed to higher vibration exerting high impact force. This study focuses on optimizing car absorber piston rod design parameters via finite element analysis. The response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to create the design of the numerical experiment. The piston rod parameters (i.e., length of the piston rod, the piston rod diameter #1, and the piston rod diameter #2) were optimized to reduce the stress and displacement of the piston rod. The optimization results revealed that the optimum parameters were 254 mm in piston length, 24.79 mm in diameter #1, and 15 mm in diameter #2. With the optimized piston rod parameters, the stress and displacement of the piston were 1.65048E+007 and 0.007569 mm, respectively. The most significant factors that influence the responses were also studied. The suggested optimized factors and responses were validated in the finite element simulation.
Physical Characteristic and In-Vitro Bioactivity Property of Sintered Glasses made via Sol-Gel and Powder Sintering Process
Authors: Syed Adam Syed Nuzul Fadzli , Zainuddin Firuz , Osman Azlin Fazlina , Mohamad Hasmaliza
Published: June 2024

In this work, ternary system (SiO2-CaO-P2O5) biocompatible glass with different compositions (CaO/P2O5 ratio) were prepared by sol-gel method and sintering process. The physical characteristic and bioactive properties of each different sample composition were analyzed using XRF, particle sizer, N2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, XRD, and FESEM-EDX. The sintered glass pellets were subjected to immersion studies in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for 14 days. All compositions of gel-glass particulates showed mesoporous-type structures and consisted of very high porosities with nano-pores in size. Different Ca/P ratios in gel-glass composition are affected by different porous characteristics. All compositions of sintered glass showed very good bioactive behavior by significant deposition of the carbonate apatite layer. Sintered glass with the Ca/P ratio = 2.33 showed very significant bioactive properties as it also comprised the highest pore volume and size. However, sintered glass with the lowest Ca/P ratio (Ca:P=1.50) showed a quite significant reduction in the bioactive property as it also consisted of the lowest pore volume and pore sizes. Hence, the in-vitro bioactivity property of sintered glass is significantly influenced by the increase in its porous characteristics due to differences in the Ca/P ratio.
Principle of Common Lab and In-Situ Testing With the Quality Control and the Case Studies
Authors: Jun-Jian Koo  , Roy Yong  , Noor Khazanah A Rahman  , Salina Sani  , Nur Faezah Yahya  , Chee-Ming Chan
Published: June 2024

Testing building materials is essential for ensuring quality control in the construction field. In order to meet the necessary standards, codes, and specifications, it should adhere to the rules in the appropriate way. Soil, aggregate, and concrete are typically the materials tested. Aggregate testing, which is covered by BS 812, may also be tested in accordance with BS 1377, which regulates soil testing, to determine the particle size distribution. In accordance with the size of the soil, BS 1377 also provides standard guidelines on the test procedure for Proctor compaction. The Archimedes principle is used to determine the density by measuring the displacement of water or a related material, such as paraffin oil or sand. Moreover, the determination of the compressive strength of the concrete is regulated by BS EN 12390. The sampling procedure, standard procedure of the Proctor compaction test, visual evaluation of the compressive strength test failure modes, and the in-situ core should all be examined as described in this paper in order to guarantee the testing's high quality. The last section includes four common case studies in construction connected by the faulty cube-making process, the inconsistent compressive strength result, and the lack of coordination of construction activities. In conclusion, construction material testing is an integral part of quality assurance in construction, but it should be conducted in accordance with the standards to ensure that the materials have the necessary characteristics and properties to perform as intended.
Effects of Race Car's Speed on the Aerodynamic Aspect Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis
Authors: Yik Pey Tang
Published: June 2024

This research employs Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods to investigate the intricate relationship between race car speed and external aerodynamics during high-performance racing competitions. The primary objectives encompass the application of CFD in pre-processing and analyzing external aerodynamic aspects, coupled with a comprehensive examination of the external flow around a race car for a nuanced understanding of its aerodynamic performance. Various car speeds were considered with the RANS (k-ω SST) turbulent model. The results unveiled a direct correlation between inlet velocity and the maximum velocity attained by the race car. The aerodynamic design intricately directs the airflow, leading to higher velocities predominantly along the upper part of the car body. Noteworthy is the revelation that the highest recorded maximum velocity of 231.06 m/s coincides with a peak inlet velocity of 200 m/s, suggesting a consistent increase in maximum velocity with rising inlet velocity. This research emphasizes the pivotal role of inlet velocity in achieving peak car speed performance. It sheds light on the significance of turbulent model selection in capturing the complexities of external flow dynamics. This knowledge contributes to optimizing the external aerodynamics of race car body design, ultimately enhancing performance and competitiveness in the dynamic world of Formula 1 racing.
Comparative Analysis on Aluminium Interdigitated Electrode Surface: Influence of Ionic Strength and Electrolytes Changes
Authors: Hussaini Adam  , Subash C. B. Gopinath  , Tijjani Adam  , Makram A. Fakhri  , Evan T. Salim  , Uda Hashim
Published: June 2024

The field of generating surface thin films in sensing applications is emerging, and the incorporation of thin film technology into sensor development for enhanced sensing is becoming increasingly significant in various industries such as healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety. However, in order to achieve higher specificity in biosensing, advances in nanomaterial biofunctionalization are crucial. This research focuses on the fabrication and characterization of nanobiosensors with surface modification using two different sensing materials: zinc oxide and gold nanorod nanocomposites. The aim of this study was to enhance the sensing capabilities of nanobiosensors by incorporating surface modification with different sensing materials. The fabrication of nanobiosensors involved using silicon as the base material and conventional photolithography to fabricate aluminium interdigitated electrodes with three different structures and gap sizes. AutoCAD software was utilized to create three different photo masks with varying gap sizes. Physical characterization of the fabricated ALIDEs was conducted using atomic force microscope, high power microscope, scanning electron microscope, and 3D-profilormeter. The electrical characterization of the ALIDEs was performed using a Keithley 6487 picoammeter. I-V measurements were conducted on bare ALIDEs as well as surface modified ALIDEs with zinc oxide and gold nanorod. I-V measurements were also performed for pH scouting. The I-V measurements on bare ALIDEs revealed that ALIDEs modified with gold nanorod conducted the least current compared to ALIDEs modified with zinc oxide. Furthermore, the ALIDEs modified with gold nanorod were found to be stable under various electrolytes environments after undergoing pH scouting.
Nitrogen-doped Graphene/Natural Rubber and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Modified Nanocomposites: Study on the Electrochemical Properties for the Potential Sensor Response
Authors: Md. Shalauddin  , Ab Rahman Marlinda  , Azim Danial Azam  , Vishnukumar Rajandran  , A. A Saifizul
Published: June 2024

In this study, a piezoelectric composite was developed based on nitrogen-doped graphene/natural rubber (NGr-NR) and an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) through a simple sonication method. Taking advantage of the high electrical conductivity and high surface area of NGr, the hybrid network of NGr-NR-SDS nanocomposite showed excellent mechanical properties and enhanced electrochemical behavior. Here, NGr was used as functional filler materials incorporated into NR polymeric matrix. SDS was used with NGr-NR composite to reduce the aggregation and promote the interfacial interaction between NGr-NR which enhanced the stability of sensor. The surface morphology of NGr-NR-SDS was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission emission microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of NGr-NR-SDS showed the highest current response of 17 μA and the lowest Rct value of 1920 Ω demonstrating the excellent electrochemical response. The significance of this result is that the developed nanocomposite shows great potential for flexible piezoelectric devices due to excellent electrochemical response and cyclic stability.
História e formação humana na Educação do Campo no Paraná
Authors: Amboni Vanderlei
Published: June 2024

Este artigo reflete sobre as Diretrizes Curriculares da Educação do Campo do Paraná (DCE) para a educação dos povos do campo, que é constituída por uma heterogeneidade de sujeitos e modos de vida peculiar. Objetiva-se mostrar como os educadores desenvolveram as diretrizes com a multiplicidade étnica e valores culturais distintos entre si, mas estereotipados pelo urbano. As DCE são resultados de árduo estudo dos educadores do campo identificando as concepções de campo e a organização da vida social dos povos do campo na sua articulação com o trabalho e a cultura no campo – terra. Metodologicamente centrou-se estudo em documentos do Estado, dos movimentos sociais e de pesquisadores sobre a diversidade dos povos do campo no trato com a terra, seu cotidiano com o trabalho e educação.
Relação entre cooperativas agrícolas e o Produro Interno Bruto agropecuário dos municípios catarinenses
Authors: Maccarini Alessandra , Flach Leonardo , Venturini Lauren Dal Bem
Published: June 2024

Os resultados econômicos da agricultura no Brasil têm colaborado para a expansão do setor das cooperativas agrícolas, que surgem para solucionar problemas financeiros e de escoamento da produção enfrentados pelos produtores. Assim, o objetivo do estudo é analisar a relação entre o Produto Interno Bruto Agrícola, medida de produção rural, e à presença de cooperativas nos municípios catarinenses. Para tal, os dados foram coletados no Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Censo Agropecuário de 2017 e Receita Federal. Os métodos foram pautados na análise descritiva dos dados, testes de médias, correlação de Pearson e regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados apontaram que as cooperativas agrícolas catarinenses e sua interação com os produtores rurais e estabelecimentos elevam a produção agropecuária dos municípios, o que evidencia colaboração do cooperativismo ao desenvolvimento regional. Portanto, o estudo contribui com as discussões sobre o potencial das cooperativas agrícolas de impulsionarem o desenvolvimento econômico local e regional.
Platform cooperativism as an alternative to post-Covid-19 economic development: evidence from Brazil
Authors: Silveira Alexandre Borba da , Wegner Douglas , Monticelli Jefferson Marlon
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly transformed the world’s population by accelerating social, economic, market, and technological changes. In this context, the sharing economy has promoted alternative business models that transcend traditional capitalism in a digital movement disseminated by individuals, communities, and platforms that bring organizations, consumers, and providers together. Our study aims to identify and map how digital platforms based on cooperative principles can develop the sharing economy. We developed exploratory qualitative research while using netnography as a methodological procedure. First, we discuss the sharing economy based on digital platforms that foster cooperation. Second, we describe how platform cooperativism can be an alternative to the individualistic ethos of the sharing economy. Finally, we discuss alternatives with social and economic impacts to solve employment and income problems after the Covid-19 pandemic. The research contributes to the various initiatives and cooperative applications emerging in a developing country.
Análisis de la aplicación del principio de objetividad por parte de la fiscalía general del estado del Ecuador
Authors: Moreira Aguayo Katiuska , Salgado Pinto Francisco
Published: June 2024

Este artículo examina cómo la Fiscalía General del Estado de Ecuador aplica el principio de objetividad para garantizar investigaciones y procesos penales justos e imparciales. El principio de objetividad exige que las decisiones se basen en hechos y pruebas en lugar de prejuicios personales o influencias externas. A pesar de las disposiciones legales y normativas internacionales que enfatizan la objetividad, su implementación en Ecuador enfrenta desafíos. Uno de los desafíos clave es la influencia política en la Fiscalía. La cercanía entre el poder político y el fiscal general a menudo plantea dudas sobre la imparcialidad de las decisiones. Además, la falta de independencia financiera puede afectar la capacidad de la Fiscalía para actuar de manera objetiva, ya que podría depender de recursos gubernamentales sujetos a presiones políticas. Otro desafío es la capacitación y la cultura institucional. Es fundamental que los fiscales estén adecuadamente capacitados para aplicar el principio de objetividad de manera efectiva. Además, la Fiscalía debe fomentar una cultura interna que promueva la imparcialidad y la transparencia en todas las etapas de la investigación y el proceso penal. Como resultado obtenido se tiene que para mejorar la objetividad de la Fiscalía, es necesario abordar estos desafíos, esto podría implicar garantizar la independencia política y financiera de la Fiscalía, así como fortalecer la capacitación y la cultura institucional, además, se deben implementar mecanismos de supervisión y rendición de cuentas para garantizar que la Fiscalía cumpla con su deber de actuar de manera objetiva en todo momento.
Enfoque técnico para la implantación de sistemas híbridos de energías renovables: retos, posibilidades e implicaciones
Authors: Ureña Erazo Julia Elena , Martínez Peralta Alejandro Javier
Published: June 2024

Esta investigación examina exhaustivamente los sistemas híbridos de energías renovables que combinan las tecnologías solar y eólica, centrándose en sus actuales retos, oportunidades e implicaciones políticas. A pesar de los méritos individuales de los sistemas de energía solar y eólica, su naturaleza intermitente y sus limitaciones geográficas han despertado el interés por soluciones híbridas que maximicen la eficiencia y la fiabilidad mediante sistemas integrados. Un análisis crítico de la literatura disponible indica que los sistemas híbridos mitigan significativamente los problemas de intermitencia de la energía, mejoran la estabilidad de la red y pueden ser más rentables debido a la infraestructura compartida. La revisión identifica los principales retos, como la optimización del sistema, el almacenamiento de energía y la gestión de la energía sin fisuras, y analiza las innovaciones tecnológicas como los algoritmos de aprendizaje automático y los inversores avanzados que tienen el potencial para superar estos obstáculos. Es importante destacar que la revisión aclara el papel de la política en la aceleración de la adopción de estos sistemas, destacando estudios de casos exitosos de incentivos gubernamentales, asociaciones público-privadas y marcos regulatorios que han fomentado las inversiones en sistemas híbridos de energía renovable. El estudio concluye con los resultados obtenidos, que ponen de manifiesto el potencial de los sistemas híbridos de energía renovable no sólo para satisfacer la futura demanda energética de forma sostenible, sino para superarla, siempre que se realicen esfuerzos concertados en materia de investigación, inversión y formulación de políticas.
El Marco Legal de los Delitos Cibernéticos en Ecuador
Authors: Ordóñez Córdova Luis Alberto
Published: June 2024

La regulación de los delitos cibernéticos en Ecuador ha evolucionado significativamente desde la promulgación de la Ley de Comercio Electrónico, Firmas Electrónicas y Mensajes de Datos en 2002. Posteriormente, en 2014, se incluyeron disposiciones específicas en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal (COIP) que define y sanciona diversos delitos informáticos, como el acceso no autorizado a sistemas informáticos y la interceptación de datos. La implementación efectiva de estas disposiciones requiere una capacitación adecuada de las fuerzas del orden y del sistema judicial. En 2021, se promulgó la Ley de Protección de Datos Personales que establece un marco legal integral para la protección de los datos personales.
Se han propuesto nuevas legislaciones, como la creación de una Agencia Nacional de Ciberseguridad, para coordinar los esfuerzos a nivel nacional, y la cooperación internacional también ha sido vital. Ecuador ha participado en acuerdos y foros internacionales sobre ciberseguridad. Los desafíos futuros incluyen la necesidad de una ley específica que abarque todos los aspectos del cibercrimen y la adaptación de normativas internacionales como el GDPR de la Unión Europea para mejorar la protección de la privacidad de los ciudadanos.
Active exercise time for girls at rhythmic gymnastics training
Authors: Dobrijević Slobodanka , Marković Miloš , Spasić Višnja , Moskovljević Lidija
Published: June 2024

Nowadays, children are most often involved in different sports clubs where they can satisfy their need for movement through recreational activities or the practice of sport on a higher level, and obtain benefits brought by regular physical activity. If the program of these activities is well-organized, its contribution is reflected in the fact that in this manner young people can increase their total time of practicing physical activity during the day. The goal of this research was to establish the active exercise time of female gymnasts in rhythmic gymnastics training sessions, with various apparatuses used in the training, as well as exercises without any apparatuses. A method of descriptive analysis was applied in this paper, with the utilization of objectively acquired data in rhythmic gymnastics training sessions. The data was collected by trained observers by applying the "SOFIT" instrument, during November and December of 2022. Twelve training sessions were observed and analyzed, performed in three different gymnastics clubs, and attended by a total of 126 girls, aged 7 to 11. Out of the total number of training sessions, there were three that had exercises without apparatus as their content, three with jump rope exercises, three with ball exercises, and three with hoop exercises. The acquired data was first analysed by the methods of descriptive statistics, after which a comparative analysis of gained results was performed. The application of various forms of apparatuses or exercises without apparatuses influences the active exercise time, as well as coach behaviour in rhythmic gymnastics training.
Alcidodes karelinii (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Molytinae): New weevil species for the fauna of Serbia
Authors: Vukajlović Filip , Ugrnov Danilo , Rapajić Branko , Ćoćić Danijela , Banjanac Sanja , Tot Ivan
Published: June 2024

This paper reports the first findings of the allochthonous weevil species Alcidodes karelinii (Boheman, 1844) in Serbia. It is distributed throughout the Eurasian steppe belt, and recently it has been spreading westwardly. The specimens from Serbia were found thanks to citizen science in two localities in Vojvodina Province (North Serbia): Ada Municipality, North Banat District, December 16th , 2022, and March 16th , 2024; and the Village of Bački Brestovac, Odžaci Municipality, West Bačka District, September 25th, 2023.
Characterization and technological evaluation of coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated from Sjenica sheep's ham
Authors: Žugić-Petrović Tanja , Marković Katarina , Grujović Mirjana
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the community of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) in samples of Sjenica sheep's ham from different villages across three seasons over a 120-day maturation period. The CNS group was identified into five distinct species: Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, S. carnosus, S. xylosus, and S. equorum. The safety evaluation revealed no hemolytic activity in any tested isolates, while resistance to novobiocin was observed in S. xylosus and S. saprophyticus isolates. The technological properties of the isolated CNS were assessed, including tolerance to different temperatures, pH values, salt concentrations, as well as proteolytic and lipolytic activity. Results demonstrated the ability of all tested isolates to grow across various pH values and salt concentrations, with isolates of S. carnosus and S. epidermidis showing tolerance to 45°C. The best technological properties were shown by S. carnosus, followed by S. equorum. These findings provide insights into the potential applications of CNS in food processing industries, as putative starters.
How Green – If at All – Is Latin America Becoming?
Authors: Yanichevsky S.
Published: June 2024

Concerned about the impacts of climate change, many countries are adopting tax policies designed to change the behaviour of emitters of CO2. While climate change may be affecting Latin America and the Caribbean more than some other parts of the world, governments in that region are also concerned about the tax burdens faced by businesses and individuals. In this Talking Points, Silvana Yanichevsky reviews the landscape of green taxes in the region and explains why, in her view, governments will need to address broader issues of social and fiscal inequities before they can fully commit to using tax policy to address climate change.
Some recent advancements in fish nutrition and feed technology in India
Authors: Mohanta K.N. , Varghese Tincy , Bhatt Shivangi
Published: June 2024

The advancements in fish nutrition outlined here provide a promising picture of a thriving and sustainable aquaculture industry. By embracing these innovations, exploring alternative ingredients, optimising nutrient utilisation, and tailoring feed strategies to specific systems, we can confidently navigate the future of seafood production, ensuring food security for generations to come while safeguarding the health of our planet. In the pursuit of sustainable aquaculture, researchers have focused on eco-friendly nutritional strategies, aiming to minimize environmental impact and conserve natural resources. Nutrient recycling, a fundamental concept in sustainable aquaculture, involves utilizing fish waste as organic fertilizer for plant crops resulting in a circular economy and reducing the carbon footprint. . KEYWORDS :Fish Nutrition, Feed Technology, Recent Advancement
Practical Insight into Understanding the Clinical Conundrum of Viral Community-acquired Pneumonia: A Review
Authors: Moore Sarah E , Hebert B. Joseph , Wilde Ashley M
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Viruses are a frequent cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Even after a viral pathogen has been identified, clinicians still must consider the possibility of bacterial co-infection and determine if antibiotic therapy is needed. This question, whether bacterial co-infection is present, becomes critical when considering optimal therapeutic management for patients with viral CAP.

Methods

A review was conducted of the epidemiology of viral CAP, reported rates of bacterial co-infections, antibiotic prescribing, and diagnostic and clinical methods for assessing risk of bacterial co-infection.

Results

Reported co-infection rates are variable, but evidence suggests bacterial co-infections are not documented in the majority of cases of viral CAP.

Conclusions

Practical research is needed to determine when antibiotics can be withheld or discontinued in patients with viral CAP in order to prevent harm associated with unnecessary antibiotic use.
The Effect of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Adipokines in Overweight to Obese Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis: a Randomized Controlled Study
Authors:   UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ERLANGEN, Institute of Radiology, Erlangen, Germany, Kelmendi B , Kast S ,   FRIEDRICH-ALEXANDER UNIVERSITY ERLANGEN-NÜRNBERG, Institute of Medical Physics, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany, von Stengel S ,   UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ERLANGEN, Institute of Radiology, Erlangen, Germany, Kohl M ,   UNIVERSITY OF FURTWANGEN, Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Schwenningen, Germany, Roemer FW ,   UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ERLANGEN, Institute of Radiology, Erlangen, Germany, Uder M ,   UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ERLANGEN, Institute of Radiology, Erlangen, Germany, Kemmler W ,   UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ERLANGEN, Institute of Radiology, Erlangen, Germany,   FRIEDRICH-ALEXANDER UNIVERSITY ERLANGEN-NÜRNBERG, Institute of Medical Physics, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany, Kob R ,   FRIEDRICH-ALEXANDER UNIVERSITY ERLANGEN-NÜRNBERG, Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Erlangen, Germany
Published: June 2024

Evidence of an anti-inflammatory effect of WB-EMS is growing. However, applying comparable impulse-protocols, studies reporting positive effects on inflammatory markers, possibly including adipokines, used high volume, superimposed WB-EMS protocols that differ from the time-efficient, non-superimposed concepts mainly used in scientific and commercial settings. The aim of the present trial was to determine the effect of “standard WB-EMS” on inflammatory markers and adipokines in overweight to obese adults. Seventy-two overweight to obese adults 40-70 years old with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee, were randomly allocated to a 29-week standard WB-EMS application 1.5x20min/week (WB-EMS) or to a usual care control groups (CG) with six sessions of physiotherapy. Study outcomes were changes of ultra-sensitive CRP, IL-1b, adiponectin, leptin, total and LDL-cholesterol. Intention to treat analyses with multiple imputation with an ANCOVA adjusted for baseline group difference was applied. Six participants (WB-EMS=5) were lost to follow-up. Attendance rate averaged 88±10% in the WB-EMS group and >90% in the CG. After the intervention, we did not observe any significant change of usCRP, IL-1b, adiponectin, leptin, total and LDL-cholesterol levels or significant between group differences (i.e. “effects”). Adverse effects related to the intervention were not observed or reported. The present low-volume, non-superimposed WB-EMS (standard) approach does not seem to have a significant effect on the analyzed inflammatory biomarkers and adipokines in overweight to obese adults with knee OA.
Gelungene Änderungen und verpasste Chancen
Authors: Hassfurther Isabelle
Published: June 2024

Am 6. Juni 2024 hat der Deutsche Bundestag nach einer letzten Aussprache das Gesetz zur Fortentwicklung des Völkerstrafrechts verabschiedet. Die Reform war lange überfällig. Die Reform führt im Sinne der erklärten Ziele tatsächlich zur Schließung von Strafbarkeitslücken. Inwiefern Völkerstrafverfahren für die Überlebenden selbst und für die Zivilgesellschaften der Tatortstaaten langfristig zugänglicher werden, liegt nun allerdings im Ermessen der Gerichte und bleibt abzuwarten.
The Effect of Using Digital Educational Content Based on Learning Styles (Audio, Visual, Kinesthetic) on the Achievement and Motivation Towards Learning among Students Enrolled in the "Design and Production Educational Materials" Course at Al al-Bayt University
Authors: Al-Khawaldeh Saleh , Alzboun Mamoon , Al-Awmleh Walaa
Published: June 2024

This study aimed at exploring the effect of using digital educational content based on learning styles (auditory, visual kinesthetic) on academic achievement and motivation towards learning for students enrolled in the " Design and Production of Educational Materials" course at Al al-Bayt University. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design where it was conducted on (136) male and female Class Teacher students at Al al-Bayt University, and who enrolled in two sections in " Design and Production of Educational Materials" course in the first semester of the academic year 2021/2022. The two sections were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group was taught by using digital educational content, while a control group taught by using the traditional methods. To achieve the objectives of the study, an achievement test and a motivation scale were developed and validated by the researcher before being administered to the study groups. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis (ANCOVA) to test the significant differences in group means. The results showed that the use of digital educational content based on learning styles had a positive impact on academic achievement and motivation towards learning for students. The study also revealed that students who preferred different learning styles (auditory, visual or kinesthetic) greatly benefitted from digital educational content based on learning styles.
The Effect of a Proposed Educational Program Using Mental Training on Learning Some Gymnastics Skills
Authors: Alshadida Maysloon , Al-Khasawneh Ghada
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to identify the effect of a proposed educational program using mental training on learning gymnastics skills. The study sample consisted of 24 female students from the Department of Physical Education at Al al-Bayt University who are enrolled in the gymnastics course  from the summer semester of the academic year 2021-2022. The study sample was divided into two equal groups: experimental and control each containing 12 students. The control group was traditionally taught gymnastics skills, while the experimental group was taught gymnastics skills using a mental training program. The results showed that the mental training accompanying the educational program is effective in teaching gymnastics skills. The researchers recommended using mental training coupled with skill learning within the educational units because of its positive effect on accelerating the learning process.
Design of a Web-Based Fleet Management Information System at PT Qtrans
Authors: Syaifur Rahmatullah Abdul Rojak  , Setiyawan Andy , Irmawati
Published: June 2024

The development of technology is currently very rapid and has an important role as a basic need in life. Technological sophistication is a force that helps the smooth running of work and business processes. In some companies, there is fleet management which is an operational activity in sending or receiving goods. For this reason, the use of information technology is needed to manage this fleet. In this case, PT. Qtrans still lack of visibility and supervision, and there is no effective fleet monitoring and tracking system because Microsoft Excel still used to record the data. The data analysis reports on fleet management are still manual and do not support the fleet maintenance and maintenance process. The system development model carried out in this study uses the prototype method model. The application of a website-based fleet management information system is expected to make it easier for administrators to monitor and manage fleets at PT Qtrans.
Konstitucija: tekstas ir kontekstas
Authors: Lastauskienė Giedrė , Baltrimas Johanas
Published: June 2024

Būtų netikslu Konstitucijos taikymą apibūdinti vien kaip elementarų loginį silogizmą, jos teksto prasmės interpretavimas moksle yra aiškinamas įvairiais kompleksiniais modeliais. Vienas iš veiksnių, kuris į tuos modelius Lietuvos moksle nėra adekvačiai inkorporuotas, yra kontekstas. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomas konteksto vaidmuo Konstitucinio Teismo jurisprudencijoje aiškinant Konstitucijos tekstą. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad šis vaidmuo nėra mažareikšmis ir net gali lemti tokį Konstitucijos išaiškinimą, kuris prasilenkia su tuo, kurį gautume pažodžiui vadovaudamiesi Konstitucijos tekstu. Tikimasi, kad šio fenomeno pažinimas padės tiksliau suprasti ir išartikuliuoti Konstitucinio Teismo sprendimų priėmimo metodologiją bei patikimiau prognozuoti galimų konstitucinių ginčų baigtį.
ДАВЛАТ МОЛИЯВИЙ НАЗОРАТ ОРГАНЛАРИ ФАОЛИЯТИ ҲИСОБ ПАЛАТАСИ ТОМОНИДАН МУВОФИҚЛАШТИРИШ
Authors: Ғофуров Бекзод
Published: June 2024

Сўнгги йилларда давлат молиявий ресурсларини самарали бошқариш, бюджет маблағидан мақсадли фойдаланиш устидан давлат молиявий назоратини янги босқичга кўтариш бўйича кенг кўламли ислоҳотлар амалга оширилди
KOMPETENSIYA HAMDA KOMPETENTLIKNING MEHNATNI MUHOFAZA QILISH SOHASI TEXNIKA XAVFSIZLIGIDAGI O'RNI VA AHAMIYATI
Authors: Umarov Alisher
Published: June 2024

Kompetensiya hamda kompetentlik xodimlarning mehnatini muhofaza qilish, xavfsizligi va sog'lig'ini ta'minlash sohasida hal qiluvchi ahamiyatga ega
ЁШЛАР МЕҲНАТ БОЗОРИ ГЛОБАЛ МЕҲНАТ БОЗОРИНИНГ БИР ҚИСМИ СИФАТИДА
Authors: Асқарова Муҳаббат
Published: June 2024

Глобаллашув инсон тараққиётининг XXI асрида янги босқични бошлаб берган объектив жараёндир
JAHON IQTISODIYOTINING RIVOJLANISHI VA MINTAQAVIY IQTISODIYOTLARNING RAQOBATBARDOSHLIGI O‘RTASIDAGI MUNOSABATLARI
Authors: Xayitova Feruza
Published: June 2024

Bugungi kunga kelib glaballashuv jarayonlari nafaqat xalqaro iqtisodiyot tuzilishini o’zgartiribgina qolmay, balki har bir davlat ichidagi mintaqalarning rivojlanishiga ham katta ta’sir o’tkazmoqda
Características do autismo: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Agrela Rodrigues Fabiano de Abreu , Dos Santos Nascimento Flávio Henrique , Schmitz Bulcão Vanessa , Silva Gizela , Avila Elodia , Utnick Brennan Sophia Iris Moreira
Published: June 2024

No Brasil e no mundo, o Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) afeta milhões de pessoas, exigindo maior compreensão e suporte adequado. De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMAS), estima-se que aproximadamente uma em cada 160 crianças em todo o mundo possui transtorno do espectro autista (TEA). Além disso, ressalta-se que o TEA pode ter um impacto significativo na capacidade de um indivíduo de realizar atividades diárias e participar da sociedade, afetando suas conquistas educacionais, sociais e oportunidades de emprego. Desta forma, este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a importância dessas mudanças na compreensão e no diagnóstico do TEA, evitando confusões e inconsistências. Serão exploradas as características do autismo, a identificação precoce de sinais de alerta e a avaliação do desenvolvimento, destacando a importância da intervenção precoce e do suporte adequado. Também serão mencionadas as comorbidades frequentemente associadas ao TEA e os diferentes níveis de gravidade que podem ser atribuídos com base nas necessidades de suporte. O artigo baseia-se em uma pesquisa bibliográfica qualitativa e exploratória, com fontes consultadas provenientes de plataformas nacionais e internacionais em língua portuguesa. Conclui-se que o TEA é um transtorno complexo e heterogêneo do neurodesenvolvimento, com dificuldades na comunicação, interação social e comportamentos repetitivos. A identificação precoce e intervenções eficazes são importantes. A avaliação baseia-se em critérios clínicos, e a gravidade é avaliada em três níveis. Cada indivíduo é único, portanto generalizações não se aplicam.
Effect of different organic sources and time of manuring on the growth, yield and quality of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)
Authors: Kikon Mhabeni N. , Kanaujia S. P. , Changkiri Moakala , Jamir Sentirenla
Published: June 2024

A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2022-2023 at the Instructional cum Experimental Farm, Nagaland University, School of Agricultural Sciences, Medziphema campus to evaluate the “Effect of different organic sources and time of manuring on the growth, yield and quality of cabbage (Brassica oleracaea var. capitata). The experiment consisted of 15 treatments laid out in RBD with three replications. Result of the experiment clearly revealed that application of 75% N through VC one day before transplanting + 25% N through VC 20 DAT obtained maximum growth parameters, quality parameters and yield parameters with plant height (29.69 cm), stem diameter (2.73 cm), plant spread (50.37 cm), head compactness (34.70 cm), ascorbic acid content (9.16 mg 100-1g) and protein content (2.53%), head diameter (13.48 cm), head size (152.41 cm2), gross head weight (1416.67 g), net head weight (865.03 g), yield per plot (10.36 kg) and projected yield per hectare (24.03 t). Highest available N (301.66 kg ha-1) was recorded in T15 (RDF) while T4 (100% N through FYM 10 days before transplanting) recorded the maximum available phosphorous (49.45 kg ha-1). Maximum available potassium (218.89 kg ha-1), organic carbon (2.63%) and CEC (14.66 meq 100-1g) were recorded from T3 (75% N through VC one day before transplanting + 25% N through VC 20 DAT). Economics of treatments was calculated and T3 (75% N through VC one day before transplanting + 25% N through VC 20 DAT) recorded highest net return (Rs 5,03,900).The above findings suggest that the application of vermicompost can be effectively used for obtaining higher yield, improve soil fertility and higher net returns for organic cabbage cultivation.
Experimental and numerical investigations on polycarbonate samples and rotorcraft windshield for bird model impacts
Authors: Ćwiklak Janusz , Gołda Paweł , Goś Artur , Kobiałka Ewelina , Krasuski Kamil
Published: June 2024

One of the factors that significantly affect flight safety is bird strikes. Various aircraft   parts are vulnerable to damage. For helicopters, the windshield, the front part of the fuselage, and the rotor blades are particularly sensitive to bird collisions. Experimental studies and numerical modelling of bird model impacts on polycarbonate samples and a helicopter windshield are presented in the paper. For the tests, a gelatine projectile was used as a bird substitute. In numerical studies, it was represented by a cylindrical shape with hemispherical ends. In the first stage of the experimental tests samples made of polycarbonate material were used as a target. These studies focused on determining the sample deflections and velocity at which the bird model would penetrate the target. The experimental investigations were conducted with a special set-up of a gas gun equipped with high-speed cameras, tensiometers, accelerometers, and force sensors. The simulations were conducted using LS-DYNA software by applying the SPH method to the bird model. The test stand models were developed in a CAD environment and then imported into LS-PrePost software, where they were discretized to use in numerical analyses. Results of the studies, such as impact force, acceleration, and windshield deflection were compared. Besides, the high-speed cameras allowed visualization of the impact process. It turned out that both a polycarbonate plate and a helicopter windshield were punctured at the speed of 50 m/s. It can be noted that the curves of the impact force and the deflection of samples obtained as a result of numerical analysis correlated well with the empirical ones. The correlation validated the modelling parameters and confirmed that numerical simulations could be trusted as an effective and reliable method for analyzing materials' behavior under impact loading.
Empirical evidence transformation into local agro-governance pathways for enhanced agro-productivity in rural mid-hills of Nepal
Authors: Kattel Dipesh
Published: June 2024

Agriculture with livelihood is vital for the Nepalese economy. The primary sector contributes approximately 27% to the national GDP and acts as a safety net in economic woes. However, this sector faces various challenges. State restructuring from unitary to federal governance enables sustainable and resilient agro-governance even from local levels. Thus, local agro-governance has a crucial role in identifying policy constraints and enhancing land productivity. Thus, this study tries to explore different observed variables of local agriculture governance and agriculture production. Structured questionnaires were distributed to farmers and primary data was collected (285 samples) from Tamakoshi Rural Municipality, Dolakha for the study. This quantitative research design integrates diverse constructs encompassing agro-production and local agro-governance while estimating land productivity through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) employing multiple regression analysis. The competencies of policy implementation hinge primarily on socioeconomic indices; the findings highlighted the mechanization policies, farm inputs, efficient use of production factors, and governance enrichment to enhance land productivity. Thus, it's crucial to minimize policy shocks and implement targeted and tailored approaches with multi-stakeholder engagement. Focusing on agro-specific and sensitive long-term strategies; it's essential to pursue state and non-state actors' governing pathways to enhance land productivity and foster comprehensive agro-development.