bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of life of patients with La Peyronie's disease undergoing local iontophoresis therapy: A longitudinal observational study
Authors: Bolgeo Tatiana , Di Matteo Roberta , Gardalini Menada , Gatti Denise , Maconi Antonio , Boccafoschi Carmelo
Published: March 2022

Objectives: La Peyronie's disease tends to be underdiagnosed and undertreated. In Italy it affects about 7% of the population aged between 50 and 70 years old. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of life of patients undergoing iontophoretic therapy with verapamil and treatment outcomes at a two-year interval. Materials and methods: This study evaluated 128 patients subjected to treatment cycles over a period of two years. Questionnaires were administered to the patients at the beginning and end of each cycle of iontophoretic therapy in order to monitor the degree of presumed anxiety, depression, pain and the associated quality of life. Result: This prospective descriptive observational study included 128 patients aged between 42 and 74 years presenting pain during erection and/or coital intercourse, which ceased in 108 cases, diminished in 12 and remained present in 4. Concerning the penile deviation, which was present in all patients (128 cases), it disappeared in 6 cases, regressed in 90 cases, while it remained unchanged in 32 cases. As for the plaque consistency on palpation, in 42 patients the plaque was no longer present, in 50 cases the consistency diminished, while in 36 patients it remained unchanged. None of the cases evidenced an aggravation of the clinical condition. 57% of the evaluated patients had high levels of anxiety in the first cycle of iontophoretic sessions and low levels of depression. Anxiety decreased in 32% of cases. Depression was not related to pain but to sexual dysfunction. About 80 % of the patients assessed had an increase in quality of life at the end of the two-year follow-up. Conclusions: In conclusion, it can be claimed that iontophoresis combined with verapamil therapy can improve patients' quality of life and offer them psychophysical well-being and an acceptable sexual relationship, thus decreasing anxiety and depression levels.
Thyroid storm without precipitating factors in a previous healthy child: A case report
Authors: Mori Takaaki , Mitani-Konno Marie , Hagiwara Yusuke , Hasegawa Yukihiro
Published: March 2022

The Thyroid Storm (TS) is the severest form of thyrotoxicosis and is associated with a high mortality rate. TS presents with fever, tachycardia, gastrointestinal symptoms, and central nervous system dysfunction and may be overlooked if patients do not present thyrotoxic symptoms or have precipitating factors. We reported a pediatric case of TS with mild proptosis but no obvious precipitating factors in a previously healthy child. A 9-year-old, female patient with a history of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder presented with the complaint of frequent vomiting. She was alert but lethargic with fever and tachycardia. Physical examination was unremarkable except for coolness in the extremities and a delayed capillary refill time of two seconds. Fluid resuscitation was ineffective in alleviating the tachycardia. Additional history-taking revealed a one-month history of mild proptosis but no other thyrotoxic findings or precipitating factors were found. Markedly elevated thyroxine and triiodothyronine and suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone on thyroid function tests led to a diagnosis of TS. Methimazole, potassium iodine, bisoprolol, and hydrocortisone were administered. Her vital signs and thyroid functions gradually improved, and she was discharged 18 days after admission without any serious complications. She is currently euthyroid and clinically stable on 5 mg of methimazole at three months after admission. When tachycardia that is resistant to usual resuscitation is found, careful history-taking and physical examination targeting thyroid disorders should be performed to assess for TS.
A sabbath in the emergency room or a case of anticholinergic toxicity?
Authors: Agosti Antonio , Bricchi Silvia , Rovati Francesca , Vancea Opris Mara , Ponzi Davide Giulio , Mariani Francesco , Morelli Nicola , Magnacavallo Andrea , Vercelli Andrea , Poggiali Erika
Published: March 2022

We report the case of a 32-year-old Italian man admitted to our emergency room for visual disturbances with blurred vision, anisocoria and temporal headache suddenly occurred in absence of other neurological symptoms. A diagnosis of Datura stramoniuminduced anticholinergic toxicity was done. With our work, we want to highlight the importance of a meticulous clinical examination, including papillary diameter and reflexes, combined with a detailed history of the patient in the emergency room. Anticholinergic toxicity is a medical emergency. The diagnosis is always clinical, and it can represent a challenge for the emergency clinicians because it can mimic several neurological diseases, including acute stroke and seizures, but early diagnosis is crucial to avoid severe complications and management errors.
A case of meralgia paresthetica caused by prone positioning in a COVID-19 patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Karaaslan Tahsin , Avarisli Aysenur , Durdu Bulent , Daskaya Hayrettin
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 critically ill patients usually require prone positioning for the treatment of respiratory failure caused by Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Prone position provides a better ventilation-perfusion compatibility, resulting in a significant improvement in oxygenation and a decrease in mortality, but prolonged prone positioning may cause Meralgia Paresthetica (MP), one of the most common mononeuropathies of the lower limb. The early diagnosis of MP is crucial to avoid a permanent damage with pain and disability, and to start immediately the correct treatment. In this article, we report a rare case of MP in a critically ill COVID-19 patient with ARDS, with the main aim to create awareness for MP among the medical team working.
Comunicazione della verità al paziente
Authors: Pegoraro Renzo
Published: March 2022

La comunicazione della verità al paziente assume il carattere di un caso paradigmatico per il coinvolgimento sia del teologo moralista sia del medico, a livello di riflessione teoretica e di prassi. Nella prospettiva di un possibile dialogo interdisciplinare, l'autore, in questa seconda parte, traccia le linee per una miglior comprensione del rapporto tra medico e paziente in termini di alleanza, basata sulla fiducia e il rispetto reciproci. Tale contesto di fedeltà rende possibile una relazione e comunicazione autentiche, seguendo un cammino di gradualità che conduce il malato verso la piena verità sulla sua condizione. La veracità del medico saprà assumersi tale responsabilità valutando il senso delle singole affermazioni e dei silenzi, nelle diverse circostanze e situazioni, per il rispetto della dignità del paziente e della stessa professione medica.
Etiology, clinical characteristics, and outcome of infective endocarditis: 10-year experience from a tertiary care center in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Sara Salim , Qureshi Imran Ahmed , Ayaz Ahmed , Arshad Ainan , Farhad Awais , Jamil Bushra , Sohail Muhammad Rizwan
Published: March 2022

This study was conducted to assess the clinical characteristics, causative agents, complications, and outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE) among patients presenting to our tertiary care center over the last decade. This retrospective cohort study included all adult patients admitted to the Aga Khan University Hospital with the diagnosis of IE over a ten-year period from 2010 to 2020.  Outcomes variables included complications during hospitalization, surgical intervention, mortality, and length of stay. We identified a total of 305 cases out of which 176 (58%) were males and 129 (42%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 46.9±18.8 years. 95 (31%) had prosthetic valves in place. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 54 (39%) patients followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in 23 (17%). Echocardiography revealed vegetations and abscesses in 236 (77%) and 4 (1%) patients, respectively. The most common valvular complication was mitral valve regurgitation found in 26 (9%) patients, followed by tricuspid valve regurgitation in 13 (4%) patients and aortic valve regurgitation in 11 (3%) patients. Furthermore, 81 (27%) patients suffered from heart failure and 66 (22%) from a stroke during hospitalization. The mean hospital length of stay was 10.4 ± 10.6 days. 64 (21%) patients required surgical repair and the overall mortality rate was 25%. Prosthetic valve endocarditis (OR = 3.74, 95% CI = 2.15-6.50, p<0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.15-5.47, p=0.036), previous stroke (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.18-4.96, p=0.026), and ischemic heart disease (OR = 3.04, 95% CI = 1.50-6.16, p=0.003) were significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality. In conclusion, our study provided valuable data on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with IE in a developing country. S. aureus was the most common causative agent. Heart failure and stroke were the most common complications. The presence of prosthetic valves, history of chronic kidney disease, ischemic heart disease and previous stroke were associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality. Surgical management was not associated with improved outcomes.
Artificial intelligence in perioperative medicine: a narrative review
Authors: Yoon Hyun-Kyu , Yang Hyun-Lim , Jung Chul-Woo , Lee Hyung-Chul
Published: March 2022

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have enabled the development of accurate prediction models using clinical big data. AI models for perioperative risk stratification, intraoperative event prediction, biosignal analyses, and intensive care medicine have been developed in the field of perioperative medicine. Some of these models have been validated using external datasets and randomized controlled trials. Once these models are implemented in electronic health record systems or software medical devices, they could help anesthesiologists improve clinical outcomes by accurately predicting complications and suggesting optimal treatment strategies in real-time. This review provides an overview of the AI techniques used in perioperative medicine and a summary of the studies that have been published using these techniques. Understanding these techniques will aid in their appropriate application in clinical practice.
Fibrations in semitoric and generalized complex geometry
Authors: Cavalcanti Gil R. , Klaasse Ralph L. , Witte Aldo
Published: March 2022

This paper studies a class of singular fibrations, called self-crossing boundary fibrations, which play an important role in semitoric and generalized complex geometry. These singular fibrations can be conveniently described using the language of Lie algebroids. We will show how these fibrations arise from (nonfree) torus actions, and how to use them to construct and better understand self-crossing stable generalized complex four-manifolds. We moreover show that these fibrations are compatible with taking connected sums, and use this to prove a singularity trade result between two types of singularities occurring in these types of fibrations (a so-called nodal trade).
CFD Simulation of Oil Jet Piston Cooling Applied to Pistons with Cooling Gallery
Authors: Hopf Anselm , Kraemer Frank , Turner cEng Paul , Weber Carsten
Published: March 2022

Efficient cooling of pistons with oil jets can avoid engine failures due to exceeded piston temperatures of thermally high-loaded combustion engines and can contribute to fuel consumption savings. To reduce expensive and time-consuming engine testing during product development, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations help to quantify the piston cooling performance and provide detailed insights into the complex interactions between oil, air, and piston already in the design phase. The durability of new piston design approaches, such as integrated advanced cooling galleries or highly resistant materials like steel, can be evaluated including the use of alternative fuels, such as compressed natural gas (CNG), hydrogen, alcohols, or e-fuels. A new CFD simulation methodology for oil-jet piston cooling has been developed to investigate the cooling efficiency considering various piston cooling geometries and operational parameters. Method, software, and tools were already available from a former common research project of Ford and RWTH Aachen University where the level set and volume of fluid methods have been compared. Several applications of oil-jet piston cooling have been investigated on Ford engines. One example describes a gallery cooled CNG piston for a gas engine to resist the increased thermal load of the methane combustion. Another application considers a steel piston for a diesel engine with enlarged cross-sections within the cooling gallery to handle higher metal temperatures coming along with steel to avoid oil coking. For both examples, various engine speeds and oil-jet volume flow rates have been investigated. Results for each case are the transient oil flow including the oil filling process of the cooling gallery, the oil filling ratio, and the total heat transfer. Overall, the analyses show that modern CFD tools are a powerful way for investigating active cooling strategies for pistons to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines and to reduce emissions.
A Simulation Study on the Transient Behavior of a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine under Cold Start Conditions
Authors: Li Delong , Hu Jinghu , Hall Matthew , Matthews Ron
Published: March 2022

The cold start process is critical to control the emissions in a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine. However, the optimization is very challenging due to the transient behavior of the engine cold start. A series of engine simulations using CONVERGE CFD™ were carried out to show the detailed process in the very first firing event of a cold start. The engine operating parameters used in the simulations, such as the transient engine speed and the fuel rail pressure (FRP), came from companion experiments. The cylinder pressure traces from the simulations were compared with experiments to help validate the simulation model. The effects of variation of the transient parameters on in-cylinder mixture distribution and combustion are presented, including the effects of the rapidly changing engine speed, the slowly vaporized fuel due to the cold walls, and the low FRP during the first firing cycle of a 4-cylinder engine. Comparison was also made with non-transient steady state operation. It was shown that the injection-induced tumble ratio in the cylinder varied for different engine speed cases, resulting in a better fuel distribution in the low engine speed case. A relatively high turbulence level during the combustion process was seen in the transient engine speed case that led to strengthened combustion. The fuel tracking from the simulation indicated that about 30% of the fuel remained unreacted at a very late crank angle, in which 8% was in the gas phase and 22% in the liquid phase as wall films. As the FRP increased, the fuel droplets became smaller, and more fuel vaporized before hitting the piston. But the splash and rebound fuel fraction off the piston bowl was even less, resulting in a lower overall gas-phase equivalence ratio in the first firing event for the high FRP case. On the other hand, the fuel distribution was more homogeneous under the high FRP condition due to the high injection velocities. There should be an optimal FRP value, but it was difficult to discern since the peak pressures in different FRP cases were similar and turbulence levels varied in a non-monotonic way, as well, which would lead to cycle-to-cycle variations in the real engine.
Modeling the Effects of Drop Impingement Frequency on Heated Walls at Engine Conditions
Authors: Subedi Kshitiz Kumar , Kong Song-Charng
Published: March 2022

Understanding the fundamental details of drop/wall interactions is important to improving engine performance. Most of the drop-wall interactions studies are based on the impact of a single drop on the wall. To accurately mimic and model the real engine conditions, it is necessary to characterize spray/wall interactions with different impingement frequencies at a wide range of wall temperatures. In this study, a numerical method, based on Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), is used to simulate consecutive droplet impacts on a heated wall both below and above the Leidenfrost temperature. Impact regimes are identified for various impact conditions by analyzing the time evolution of the post-impingement process of n-heptane drops at different impingement frequencies and wall surface temperatures. For wall temperature below the Leidenfrost temperature, the recoiled film does not leave the surface. Recoiling of the film takes place at a rapid rate at wall temperature above the boiling point of the liquid. For the given impingement conditions, at low impingement frequency, the succeeding drops meet the secondary drop, coalescing into a large drop. An increase in the impingement frequency promotes splashing. For the same impinging conditions, with the wall temperature above the Leidenfrost temperature, at low impingement frequency, recoiling and rebounding of the secondary droplets is seen along with the secondary droplets above the heated wall. On the other hand, at higher impingement frequencies, the succeeding drops impinge on thin liquid films about to be raised above the wall by the vapor film on the wall and splash forming isolated chunks of secondary droplets. Results of this study can further lead to the development of spray/wall impingement models that consider the impact frequency and wall temperature at realistic engine conditions.
Investigation on the Impact of High-Temperature Calendar and Cyclic Aging on Battery Overcharge Performance
Authors: Zhang Guangxu , Chen Siqi , Zhu Jiangong , Dai Haifeng , Wei Xuezhe
Published: March 2022

With the degradation of lithium-ion batteries, the battery safety performance changes, which further influences the safe working window. In this paper, the pouch ternary lithium-ion battery whose rated capacity is 4.2 Ah is used as the research object to investigate the impact of the high-temperature calendar and cyclic aging on tolerance performance. The overcharge-to-thermal-runaway test is performed on the fresh cell and aged cell (90% SOH). The inflection point of voltage for aged cells appears earlier than that of the fresh cell, while the voltage corresponding to the inflection point is the same for them, which means that the voltage at which lithium plating occurs is the same. However, the voltage plateau and the crest voltage before thermal runaway of aged cell are significantly higher than that of the fresh cell. Besides, ohmic heat, reversible heat, and side reaction heat make contribution to the thermal runaway triggering. Among them, the side reaction heat plays a dominant role. Moreover, the ratio of heat generated by side reactions increases with aging. Compared with fresh cells, the thermal runaway triggering temperature of the high-temperature aging cell is increased. However, the duration of high-temperature cyclic aging cell is reduced, while the duration of high-temperature calendar aging cell is increased. Furthermore, although the maximum temperature of the aged cell has not changed significantly, the maximum temperature rise rate is significantly reduced, which may be caused by the loss of active materials. The aim of this article is to provide guidance for the design of battery safety management systems.
Development of a Control System for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on LabVIEW and FPGA
Authors: Zhou Yang , Li Minglong , Long Quan , Yuan Dengke , Hu Zongjie , Li Liguang
Published: March 2022

With the strict requirements of harmful emission regulations, carbon peaking and neutralization goal, the internal combustion engine (ICE) industry is facing great challenges. Compared with pure ICE powertrain, hybrid powertrain has the advantages on fuel consumption and harmful emissions, which is more suitable for the market today.

In series hybrid powertrain, because of the direct mechanical connection between ICE and motor, the motor can be used as an assistant in optimizing the performance of ICE. In order to realize the cycle-based or crank angle-based control of ICE, a high-frequency motor control system need to be built. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) has the characteristics of high calculation frequency and high reliability to meet the demand. At the same time, the ICE control based on LabVIEW and FPGA has been realized. In order to realize the high-frequency co-control of ICE and motor, this paper developed a high-frequency and high-precision control system for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on LabVIEW and FPGA with vector control technology. Its functions include closed control loops for stator current and PMSM rotating speed. Then, based on NI Compact RIO platform, the hardware system of motor control is built and some verification experiments are done. In the constant voltage-frequency ratio speed open-loop test, current closed-loop test and speed closed-loop test, it is found that the speed response of the motor is very rapid, the overshoot and the steady state fluctuation are low.
International Organizations and Internationally (Dis) Organized Order
Authors: Kuteynikov A.
Published: March 2022

.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATURK REFORMS ON THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ART AND CULTURE IN TURKEY IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY
Authors: İSKENDİROV Anar
Published: March 2022

The name of the famous Ataturk, the founder of the Turkish Republic and the genius of the entire Turkic world, is very dear and native to all Turkic-speaking peoples in our time. With his unsurpassed genius, outstanding talents displayed on the battlefields and political war, passionate love for the Motherland and the entire Turkish world, Atatürk not only prevented the destruction and disintegration of the Turkish state and people, but also, by implementing such important reforms in society as education, the acquisition of scientific and cultural innovations, created the basis for the Turkish flag to rise to heaven with renewed vigor and fly in eternity. The Turkish people, with their ancient roots and extremely rich cultural heritage, have made a very valuable spiritual contribution to the fine arts of the world. With the formation of the Republic in Turkey, such areas of art as sculpture, graphics, advertising and poster began to develop. The creation of the first monuments of monumental sculpture in the history of Turkey and the appearance of many famous Turkish sculptors is connected with the establishment of the Republic. As a result of the application of education, science, and literacy in all spheres of Turkish society, many famous women-artists, artists, athletes, and civil servants-appeared during the Republic. The fact that the state does not bind artists within the framework of any ideology, gives them freedom of creativity, leads to the appearance of different styles and interesting creative searches in the Turkish art of the Republic period. This article is devoted to the study of the reflection in the Turkish art of the twentieth century of the unique reforms that the great Ataturk preached and applied.
FRACTURES IN SPECIAL LEARNING DIFFICULTY
Authors: ERYILMAZ Perihan , İŞMARCI Zeynep , YAYIK Duygu , MENGÜÇ Esra , KOÇ Kemal
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to reveal the effect of teaching the numerator and denominator relationship in the fraction subject, which is carried out using technological material, on the success of students with special learning difficulties. Our study was carried out with the participation of inclusion students studying in the 3rd grade of public schools in Çekmeköy district of Istanbul in the 2020-2021 academic year. In this research, a single-group pretest-posttest experimental design was used. In this research, computer-assisted teaching and individualized teaching methods from individual teaching models were used. The achievement test which is prepared by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. The difference between the obtained pre-test knowledge score and the post-test knowledge score was measured using the Wilcoxon sign test. According to the findings of the research; It has been determined that the use of technological materials in fraction teaching has a positive effect on the teaching success of students with special learning difficulties. Keywords: Special Learning Disability, Technological Material, Fraction Teaching
Отсутствие решения у полулинейного уравнения Мура - Гибсона - Томсона с нелинейной памятью на группе Гейзенберга
Authors: Georgiev S.G. , Hakem A.
Published: March 2022

The Moore-Gibson-Thompson theory was developed starting from a third order differential equation, built in the context of some consideration related fluid mechanics. Subsequently the equation was considered as a heat conduction equation because it has been obtained by considering a relaxation parameter into the type III heat conduction. Since the advent of the Moore-Gibson-Thompson theory, the number of dedicated studies to this theory has increased considerably. The Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation modifies and defines equations for thermal conduction and mass diffusion that occur in solids. In this paper we investigate a class of Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation with nonlinear memory on the Heisenberg group.The problem of nonexistence of global weak solutions in the Heisenberg group has received specific attention in the recent years. In the present paper we use the method of test functions to prove nonexistence of global weak solutions. The results obtained in this paper extend several contributions and we focus on new nonexistence results which are due to the presence of the fractional Laplacian operator of order $\frac{\sigma}{2}$.
Jackson-Stechkin Type Inequalities Between the Best Joint Polynomials Approximation and a Smoothness Characteristic in Bergman Space
Authors: Хуромонов Х.М. , Шабозов М.Ш.
Published: March 2022

Рассматривается экстремальная задача отыскания точных констант между наилучшимисовместными полиномиальными приближениями аналитических функций и его промежуточныхпроизводных в пространстве Бергмана. Пусть $U:=\{z:|z|<1\}$ -- единичный круг вкомплексной плоскости, $B_{2}:=B_{2}(U)$ -- пространство Бергмана функций $f$,аналитических в круге $U$, c конечной $L_2$ нормой;$B_{2}^{(r)}:=B_{2}^{(r)}(U)$ $(r\in\mathbb{Z}_{+},$ $B_{2}^{(0)}:=B_{2})$ -- классфункций $f\in B_{2}$, у которых $f^{(r)}\in B_{2}$. В работе найдены точные константы внеравенствах типа Джексона -- Стечкина для характеристики гладкости $\Lambda_{m}(f)$,$m\in\mathbb{N},$ определенных при помощи усреднения норм конечных разностей $m$-го порядкастаршей производной функции $f$, принадлежащей пространству Бергмана $B_{2}$. Также решенаэкстремальная задача наилучшего совместного полиномиальная приближения класса$W_{2,m}^{(r)}(\Phi):=W_{2}^{(r)}(\Lambda_{m},\Phi)$ $(m\in\mathbb{N}$,$r\in\mathbb{Z}_{+})$ функций из $B_{2}^{(r)},$ $r\in\mathbb{Z}_{+}$, у которой значениехарактеристики гладкости $\Lambda_{m}(f)$ ограничено сверху мажорантой $\Phi,$ и класса$W_{p,m}^{(r)}(\varphi,h):=W_{p}^{(r)}(\Lambda_{m},\varphi,h)$$(m\in\mathbb{N}$, $r\in\mathbb{Z}_{+}$, $h\in[0,2\pi],$ $1\le p<\infty,$$\varphi$ - весовая на $[0,h]$ функция) из $B_{2}^{(r)}$, укоторого усредненное с заданным весом значение характеристикигладкости $\Lambda_{m}(f)$ ограничено сверху единицей. Следует отметить,что изложенные в статье результаты являются обобщениями недавно опубликованныерезультаты второго автора [10] для совместного приближения периодическихфункций тригонометрическими полиномами на случай совместного приближенияаналитических в единичном круге функций комплексными алгебраическимиполиномами в пространстве Бергмана.
Regularized Trace of a Multipoint Boundary Value Problem with a Discontinuous Weight Function
Authors: Митрохин С.И.
Published: March 2022

В статье предложена методика вычисления регуляризованного следа для дифференциального оператора с кусочно-гладким потенциалом и многоточечными граничными условиями. Весовая функция дифференциального оператора является разрывной. С помощью метода Наймарка на участках непрерывности потенциала и весовой функции при больших значениях спектрального параметра получена асимптотика решений дифференциальных уравнений, задающих изучаемый оператор. Полученная асимптотика решений позволяет изучить условия "сопряжения" в точке разрыва коэффициентов. Необходимость условий "сопряжения" следует из физических соображений. Изучаемые краевые задачи возникают при изучении колебаний стержней, балок и мостов, составленных из материалов различной плотности. Изучены многоточечные граничные условия, определяющие оператор. Успешно выполнена технически сложная часть исследования - изучена индикаторная диаграмма уравнения, корни которого являются собственными значениями оператора. Вычислена асимптотика собственных значений оператора. С помощью асимптотики собственных значений методом Лидского - Садовничего вычислен первый регуляризованный след дифференциального оператора.
Behavior of Closed Loop Control System Consisting of a Powertrain and a Human Controller in HMI Point of View
Authors:   Osaka Sangyo University, JAPAN, Togai Kazuhide
Published: March 2022

"Human driving behavior consists of target (path and velocity) planning and actual vehicle control based on the target. A human driver can control a vehicle. The person is not an electronic controller and has no vehicle control program before driving skill being trained. Once a certain level skill learned, driving target planning and related apparatus operation are done unconsciously like running. Hand tools are considered as extended hand. Those tools are operated without being feel to control movement of those. A vehicle may be felt as further extending human body in driving. A driver thinks destination but does not imagine accelerator or brake operation schedule. Vehicle response property learned affects the target planning and driving operation. A target plant can be described with operation gain and response in a control system. Torque response of a gasoline engine is depending on the plenum chamber volume and cylinder displacement ratio if air fuel ratio is set at stoichiometric. That of diesel engine is depending on only fuel injection delay if air is supplied sufficiently. However, turbo-charging process takes a few second to boost air supply to combustion chambers and the delay time can be calculated with a transfer function. Torque response of an electric motor, only depending on current rise, is quicker than that of ICEs. And the operation gain is rather linear than ICEs. A brake system has smaller response time comparing with an ICE and more liner operation gain to applied pedal force. A closed loop system included a human controller, i.e. a driver, to be constructed and a powertrain. And stability and target error are to be analyzed with transfer functions of a driver and a powertrain. From published papers, control performance deterioration is expected and the deterioration is to be quantitively shown. Desired X-by-wired powertrain property is to be mentioned."
Design and Development Of An In-Wheel Suspension With Novel Automatic Camber Control Strategy For Improved Handling
Authors:   University of Michigan - Dearborn, UNITED STATES, Shah Sameer Rafiq , Kumar Dilip ,   Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, INDIA, Tiwari Nishant ,   Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, INDIA
Published: March 2022

In this era of electrification, HEVs are mainly focused on weight and space saving. This is done to ensure the maximum size of the battery package on the vehicle. This situation demands for a drive by wire systems which makes the vehicle lighter as well as more spacious. This paper introduces a new type of In-Wheel suspension has been introduced in this paper. The problem of large suspension systems and its bulkiness were studied. Vehicle instability while driving and cornering was also stated. And the suspension's capability to handle uneven tyre wear which is caused due to improper or fixed camber angle was also addressed. The Novel In-Wheel Suspension is introduced in this paper which houses all the crucial parts of the suspension inside the rim of the wheel thus making it compact, lighter and sturdy. Parts were first designed by the principles of Machine Design, Kinematics and Mechanics of Materials. They were later modelled on Solid Edge ST7. Structural simulations was carried out on FEA Solver under highly strained conditions and also under dynamic loading and the results were satisfactory. A scaled prototype was made by manufacturing the parts on CNC machine. Later the suspension was assembled by brazing the parts together. The Impulse hammer technique was used to carry out the modal analysis which was used to study the damping characteristics of the suspension. Another innovation is introduced in this suspension which the Novel concept of Automatic Camber Control strategy which calibrates the camber angle of the wheel in real-time and greatly improves the performance as well as stability of the vehicle. The design process involved understanding the scaling down the size of the suspension without compensating the functionality of the suspension. The working prototype of the suspension was constructed and after rigorous testing which were carried out. It was found that the performance of suspension under low traction conditions was enhanced.
Management strategy of the machine-building industry enterprise on the example of JSC “Vostokmashzavod”
Authors: Nurmukhametov N. N. , Auyezova K. T. , Barlykov Y. K.
Published: March 2022

The article discusses the features of the enterprise management strategy of the engineering industry on the example of JSC “Vostokmashzavod”. As a result of the research, the need for the formation and implementation of an enterprise management strategy in the conditions of increased competition in the machine-building industry market, which is due to the globalization of the economy, has been substantiated. The entry of the foreign market of innovative technologies into the domestic market of mechanical engineering requires a rethinking of the tools used and management approaches to the activities and management strategies of modern enterprises in the engineering industry. In this regard, the necessity of regulating the engineering industry in the economy of Kazakhstan and ensuring its sustainable development, taking into account innovative processes based on digital technologies, is substantiated.To concretize the study, an analysis of the financial and economic indicators of JSC “Vostokmashzavod” was carried out, which reflects the specifics of the production activities of enterprises in the engineering industry. At the same time, the strengths and weaknesses of the current management strategy were assessed according to four integral indicators: organization, production, finance and marketing, which determined the opportunities and risks of the enterprise, its short-term strategic directions were determined and justified. The strengths and weaknesses of the object under study are compared with the capabilities of the enterprise in order to rank the necessary measures for making managerial decisions.To identify the effectiveness of strategic management, the payback periods, net present value and profitability indices of the innovative project presented in the paper to provide the enterprise with new equipment and its impact on strategic management in the context of restrictions introduced as a result of COVID–19 were calculated. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed on the development of a strategy for the development of large business entities.
Main specific approaches to understanding the essence and economic role of youth entrepreneurship
Authors: Aitzhanova D. N.
Published: March 2022

In the proposed article, the author analyzes the main scientific approaches of foreign and domestic researchers for a more complete understanding of the essence and economic role of youth entrepreneurship as an institution that allows using the creative potential of the younger generation in the interests of innovative development of the country. The author defines the concept of “youth entrepreneurship”, characterizes it as a tool that ensures the growth of employment, the involvement of young people in economic activity. In modern science and theory, youth entrepreneurship is considered as a new concept conditioned by a combination of factors and trends in the development of entrepreneurship and business in general, as well as employment of the population, including young people. The author, to a certain extent, clarified and deepened the theoretical foundations of the formation and development of youth entrepreneurship, established the relationship between youth entrepreneurship and economic growth trends. Within the framework of analytical research, the economic and organizational foundations of the mechanisms for supporting youth entrepreneurship are comprehensively systematized and analyzed. The author identifies at the system level the problems hindering the development of youth entrepreneurship and ways to solve them. The research results obtained by the author are reliable and applied, can be used in the practical activities of economic management bodies at macro and micro levels, in the implementation of industrial and innovation policy, as well as in policies for the development of small, medium and large enterprises.
Teal companies as an effective form of organization in conditions of turbulence of the world economy
Authors: Tymbayeva Zh. M. , Kazhmuratova А. K. , Niyetalina G. K. , Tankova E.
Published: March 2022

In the context of the COVID–19 pandemic, maintaining the sustainability of the socio-economic system is one of the main priorities of states. The basis of the economy is small and medium-sized businesses, whose representatives are daily faced with the solution of managerial and organizational tasks of different levels. Main purpose of study was to research the possibility “teal” strategies usage in activities of Kazakhstani companies. The article describes aspects of the implementation of the basics of “teal” strategy as a flexible form of business structures in offline and online modes. The introduction of elements of the “teal” strategy will allow integrating into the changing economic system in the future by revising the organizational structure of management. The article also discusses the experience of implementing the teal strategy on the example of foreign, including Russian, companies. The teal model in these companies is based on the principles of self-organization and self-development of the company's personnel, which allows the maximum use of human potential for self-development and internal motivation in achieving the company's business goals. Based on the results of the conducted research, the main conclusions are made about the possibility of applying the strategies of “teal” organizations in the practice of Kazakhstan SMEs. In addition, the difficulties of implementing “teal” strategies are identified and the main competencies necessary for the personnel of companies to transition to the proposed business structure models are proposed.
Case study: aislamiento vibratorio de un edificio en remodelación frente a las vibraciones inducidas por el tráfico ferroviario soterrado
Authors: Cardona Joan , Isern Daniel , Lacambra Jordi , López Tomás
Published: March 2022

Un nuevo hotel de 5 estrellas ubicado en el barrio del Eixample de Barcelona se construye en un edificio existente de 7 plantas más 3 sótanos. El edificio original se utilizaba como oficinas y se construyó con una combinación de estructura metálica y de hormigón, teniendo en cuenta de no afectar a un túnel ferroviario existente que afectaba a la parcela. Esta infraestructura ferroviaria se ubica por debajo del primer sótano pero comparte 50/50 los sótanos 2 y 3, por lo que se puede decir que la infraestructura ferroviaria está literalmente insertada en el edificio. Los niveles de vibración que se inducían en el edificio de oficinas existente debido a la explotación comercial de la infraestructura ferroviaria eran demasiado altos para los estándares de confort de un hotel de 5 estrellas, por lo que la propiedad del hotel quiso incluir el aislamiento vibratorio del edificio en el proyecto de remodelación. Se desarrolló una campaña de medidas de vibración en el edificio existente, previo inicio de las obras de remodelación, y se diseñó el sistema de aislamiento para conseguir niveles de vibración confortables en los espacios del futuro hotel. En este artículo se describe la asistencia técnica en el campo de las vibraciones desarrollada previamente al inicio de los trabajos de remodelación del edificio, la solución de aislamiento diseñada, el proceso de instalación del sistema de aislamiento vibratorio del edificio y los niveles de vibración que se inducen actualmente en el interior del hotel.
İzmir İli Birinci ve İkinci Trimester Prenatal Tarama Testi Güncel Medyan Verilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÜĞE Mert , DEMİR Leyla , AKSUN Saliha
Published: March 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, laboratuvarımızda yapılan prenatal tarama testlerinin güncel medyan değerlerinin hesaplanması ve risk hesaplamada kullandığımız paket programdaki medyan değerler ile karşılaştırılması hedeflenmiştir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Mayıs 2019-Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında İzmir ili ve çevresinden hastanemize yapılan başvurular sonucu 3264 birinci trimester tarama testi, 954 ikinci trimester tarama testi retrospektif olarak incelendi. Tüm parametreler İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi Tıbbi Biyokimya Laboratuvarı’nda maternal serumdan çalışıldı. Elde edilen verilerin gebelik haftalarına göre güncel medyan değerleri ve medyan katları hesaplandı. Prisca paket programındaki medyan değerler ile istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Güncel medyan değerlerinin; tüm haftalarda birinci trimester tarama testinde kullanılan free β-hCG için düşük, PAPP-A için yüksek olduğu, ikinci trimester tarama testinde kullanılan total β-hCG için 19. hafta dışında düşük olduğu görüldü (p
ONLINE SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN, IN PARTICULAR THE CRIME OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHY
Authors:   National University of Public Service, Faculty of Political Science and International Studies, Csepregi Katalin , Kovács István ,   University of Public Service Faculty of Law Enforcement, Department of Law Enforcement Management Theory
Published: March 2022

The real challenge is to keep pace with today’s rapidly changing world. However, the development of infocommunication tools and technologies not only brings benefits, it also offers plenty of opportunities for offenders. It is inevitable to use the internet these days, so it is extremely important to lay down the right rules and conditions for children. The most important step we can take against it is prevention and awareness raising. In the study, the authors sought to clarify basic concepts, describe the international environment, and analyze data from Hungary, which manifests itself in the analysis and evaluation of BSR and anonymous judgments.
ILLEGAL ENTRY OF FOREIGN NATIONALS AS CRIMINAL OFFENCE
Authors:   Police College in Zagreb, Filipović Hrvoje , Čvorović Dragana ,   University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies
Published: March 2022

The paper analyzes the criminal offense of illegal entry, movement and stay in the Republic of Croatia, another Member State of the European Union or a signatory state to the Schengen Agreement under Article 326 of the Criminal Code and its connection with the misdemeanor of the prohibition of assisting a third­country national from Article 43 of the Law on Foreigners with regard to the difficulties and implications that may arise during their delimitation. In particular, the implementation of Council Directive 2002/90/EC on the definition of facilitation of unauthorized entry, transit and residence as well as its harmonization is analyzed. The differentiation between the misdemeanor in question and the criminal offense is not simple and includes a number of factors that in fact depend on each individual case, but when it comes to the classification of criminal offences, the decisive factor is greed, whereas recent case law shows that when it comes to criminal offenses under Article 326 of the Criminal Code, these are well­organized groups that, upon detection, do not shy away from attacking police officers in pursuit of their goals.
Prospects and Challenges for Women Entrepreneurs in India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, St.Joseph University, Dimapur, Nagaland, India, D Shobana
Published: March 2022

In 2020, India ranked 63rd out of 190 nations in Doing Business. With a ranking of 63rd, India has raised 79 places in the five years between 2014 and 2019. In 2018, the startup ecosystem grew at a rate of 15% year over year, while the number of incubators and accelerators expanded by 11%. (World et al., 2021) Significantly, the number of women entrepreneurs stood at 14 percent, up from 10 percent and 11 percent in the previous two years. Over the course of the year, startups in the country were able to create an estimated 40,000 new positions, bringing the overall number of jobs in the start-up ecosystem to 1.6-1.7 lakh. The purpose of this research is to investigate the challenges that women entrepreneurs in India encounter.(Delhi, n.d.) For this purpose, the paper considers the opinions of women entrepreneurs and the Government Schemes supporting them along with the importance of Women Entrepreneurship for Empowerment. Objectives of the study: The objective of the present study is to analyze the challenges and schemes promoting women's entrepreneurship in India. Methodology: For analyzing the objective, the present study has fully relied on secondary data which was collected from census reports, records, and journals. Results: This paper concludes that even though the educational and economical struggles are there, the tribal women entrepreneurs are emerging in recent decades with the economical supportive schemes of the Government and they are raising their society too.