bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Technical Cyber-Attacks and International Cybersecurity: The Case of Social Engineering
Authors: AKYEŞİLMEN Nezir , ALHOSBAN Amal
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to provide an overview of social engineering attacks, and their impacts on cybersecurity, including national and international security, and figures out detection techniques, and major methods for countermeasure. How do social engineering attacks affect national and international security? And why is it so hard to cope with them? Seeking for answers to these questions, this paper applies qualitative research methods particularly literature review and case analysis. While qualitative research methods are predominantly employed, quantitative methods will also be utilized when deemed essential. Social engineering attacks, also referred to as online fraud, are a type of attack that typically necessitates minimal or no technical knowledge. Social engineering attacks, instead benefit from the weaknesses and mistakes of individuals, since the user is accepted as the weakest link in cybersecurity. Many studies have shown that the vast majority of successful cyber-attacks in the digital world are social engineering (SE) because countering them is more difficult than countering technical cyber-attacks. Based on the analysis of some major cyber-attacks such as the intervention in the 2016 US Presidential elections, the hacking of CIA director, John Brennan in 2015, and Stuxnet in 2010, the paper figures out that social engineering attacks have a tremendous impact on cybersecurity on the individual, institutional, societal, national, and international levels. Penetration tests and training for raising awareness are the prolific ways to mitigate social engineering attacks.
Hızır İle Üç Kardeş Masalinin Max Lüthi Yöntemine Göre Tahlili
Authors: TARHAN Esra
Published: January 2024

Masallar günümüzde tüm canlılığıyla anlatılagelen ve başlangıçta yaratıcısı belli olmakla birlikte zamanla anonimleşen halk edebiyatı ürünlerinden biridir. Masalların bir toplumun bilinçaltını, hayal dünyasını yansıtması bu anlatıları daha önemli kılmaktadır. Çocukların duygu ve düşünce yapılarının oluşması ve içerisinde doğdukları kültürün hayal dünyasını anlamaları açısından da masallar son derece işlevseldir. Masallardaki olağanüstü olaylar ve bu anlatı tarzının kendine has yapısı evrensel düzeyde bir etkiye sahiptir. Söz konusu anlatıların kültürler arası aktarımları aynı masalın başka kültür coğrafyalarında eş veya benzer metnine rastlamayı sağlamaktadır. Masalların kökeni, kaynakları ve derlenen masal metinlerinin inceleme yöntemleri üzerine yerli ve yabancı araştırmacılar tarafından bugüne kadar çok sayıda çalışma yapılmıştır. Masal metinlerini incelemeye yönelik yapılan çalışmalardan birisi Max Lüthi’ye aittir. Vladimir Propp’un yapısal masal inceleme yönteminin yanında Max Lüthi kendi yöntemini ortaya koymakta ve ciddi anlamda ses getiren bir çalışmaya imza atmaktadır. Max Lüthi’nin hazırlamış olduğu çalışmadaki beş temel ilke metin merkezli bir yaklaşımla oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmaya konu edilen Hızır ile Üç Kardeş masalı ise 1983 yılında Saim Sakaoğlu tarafından yayımlanan “Kıbrıs Türk Masalları” adlı kitap çalışmasında yer almaktadır. Hızır ile Üç Kardeş masalı Max Lüthi’nin masal inceleme yöntemine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Buna göre Max Lüthi’nin Avrupa masalları için hazırladığı çalışma esas alınarak tek boyutluluk, yüzeysellik, soyut biçim, tecrit/ayrışma ve her şeye bağlılık, yüceltme ve geniş kapsamlılık ilkelerine göre çözümlenip incelenmiştir.
Belediyelerde Vatandaşların Karar Alma Mekanizmalarına Katılımında Beyaz Masanın Etkinliği: Sakarya Çözüm Masası Örneği
Authors: KARADENİZ Yeliz
Published: January 2024

Yerel düzeyde doğrudan demokrasinin ilk ortaya çıkışı şehir devletlerinin kuruluşuna dayanmaktadır. Bu sebeple bir kentin demokrasi kavramı ile bağının çok güçlü olduğu söylenebilir. Merkezî yönetimle kıyaslandığında yerel yönetimlerde vatandaş katılımının daha kolay olduğu belirtilebilir. Yerel yönetimlerde katılımcı yöntemleri deneyimlemenin bir yolu vatandaşların karar alma süreçlerine aktif katılmasından geçmektedir. Vatandaşların kent ile ilgili görüş ve önerileri tüm vatandaşlarla paylaşılmalı ve bunun için kent konseyi, beyaz masa, muhtar toplantıları gibi katılım mekanizmaları her kentte geliştirilmelidir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada vatandaşların istek ve önerilerinin dikkate alınması noktasında kararlara katılım mekanizmalarının ne kadar etkili olduğu gösterilmek istenmiştir. Araştırmada birçok katılımcı mekanizma arasından beyaz masanın seçilme sebebi, vatandaş ile belediye yöneticileri arasında köprü görevi görmesinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Beyaz Masaya başvuran vatandaşların yaptığı başvuruların ne kadar dikkate alındığı ve belediye yönetiminin aldığı kararlara vatandaşın katılım düzeyi öğrenilmek istenmiştir. Araştırmanın konusu ise Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nin beyaz masa uygulaması sayesinde vatandaşların kararlara katılımının ne düzeyde olduğudur. Bu konudan yola çıkarak çalışmada cevabı aranan başlıca soru “Beyaz Masa aracılığıyla Sakarya’da halkın karar alma mekanizmalarına katılımı nasıldır?” şeklindedir. Bu çalışmada nitel yöntemler arasında bulunan yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat tercih edilmiştir. 13 sorudan oluşan soru formu hazırlanarak 12 Beyaz Masa personeliyle birebir görüşme gerçekleşmiştir. Mülakat sonucu veriler, Uluslararası Halk Katılımı Derneğinin hazırlamış olduğu 5 aşamadan oluşan katılım aşamalarına göre analize tabi tutulmuştur. Çalışmada Beyaz Masa'nın bilgilendirme, danışma ve dâhil etme aşamalarında başarılı olduğu, iş birliği ve yetki verme aşamalarında ise iyileştirmeye gidilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
İnsani Yardım Lojistiğine Ayrıntılı Bir Bakış ve Bibliyometrik Analiz
Authors: MERMERTAŞ Funda
Published: January 2024

Dünya, zaman zaman doğal afetler, salgın hastalıklar, savaşlar ve diğer acil durumlarla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bu durumlar insanların yaşamlarını ve toplulukları önemli şekilde tehdit edebilir. Bu tür zorluklarla baş edebilmek ve hayatta kalanlara yardım sağlayabilmek için insani yardım lojistiği hayati bir rol oynamaktadır. İnsani yardım lojistiği kişi, kurum ve devletler tarafından afet ve acil durum yaşamış insanların acılarını hafifletmek ya da engellemek amacı ile sağlanan ulusal ve uluslararası yardım çabalarıdır. Bu bağlamda insanlığın çeşitli zorluklara karşı mücadelesinde insani yardım lojistiği önemli rol üstlenmektedir. Dolayısıyla insani yardım lojistiğinin önemi her geçen gün daha da artmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, insani yardım lojistiği ile ilgili sistemli bir yazın incelemesinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilmiş olan yazılı (akademik) çalışmaların incelenmesinin hem insani yardım lojistiği alanındaki gelişim düzeyinin tespit edilmesi hem de ağırlıklı olarak hangi konular üzerinde yoğunluk olduğunun belirlenmesi açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu amaçla Web of Science ve Scopus endekslerinde taranan “Humanitarian Logistics” anahtar kelimesini içeren bilimsel çalışmalar içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Analiz sayesinde insani yardım lojistiği alanındaki araştırma eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi, insani yardım lojistiği alanındaki araştırmaların farklı yönlerinin de tanınması ve aynı zamanda literatürdeki boşlukların belirlenerek gelecekte yapılması planlanan çalışmalara katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 2023 yılı kasım ayında çalışma verileri toplanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz neticesinde insani yardım lojistiğine olan ilginin son yıllarda arttığı görülmüştür. İnsani yardım lojistiği alanında yayın yapan ülkelerin başında ABD, İngiltere, Hollanda ve Çin’in yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada en verimli/üretken yazarlar arasında hem WoS hem de Scopus’ta ilk sıralarda Kahn, M. ve Kovacs, G.’nin yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Z Kuşağı ile Ebeveynleri Arasındaki İletişim Sorunları
Authors: TURSUN Menekşe , GÖNGEN Mehmet Ali
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, diğer kuşaklardan farklılık gösteren Z kuşağının ebeveynleriyle olan iletişim düzeyleri çeşitli başlıklar altında belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nicel ve nitel araştırma yöntemleri birlikte kullanılarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Z kuşağının ebeveynleriyle olan; ailevi ilişkiler, okul ve arkadaş çevresi ve bireysel özgürlükler faktörlerinden oluşan iletişim düzeylerini belirlemek için Adıyaman Üniversitesi Kâhta Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda eğitim gören 267 öğrenciye nicel araştırma yöntemi olan anket uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, aynı örneklem grubundan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniğiyle yedisi kadın, yedisi erkek olmak üzere toplam 14 öğrenci ile görüşme yapılarak Z kuşağının ebeveynleriyle yaşadıkları iletişim sorunları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen nicel verilerin analizinde SPSS 22 paket programı kullanılmış, nitel verilerin analizinde ise betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, Z kuşağının ebeveynleriyle iletişim düzeylerinin güçlü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen Z kuşağı bireylerinin ebeveynleriyle olan iletişim düzeyleri cinsiyete göre farklılık göstermektedir. Kadınların ebeveynleriyle olan iletişim düzeyinin erkeklere göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca, düzenli bir gelire sahip olmayan ebeveynlerin çocuklarıyla olan iletişim düzeylerinin, düzenli bir gelire sahip olan ebeveynlerin çocuklarıyla olan iletişimlerinden daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada Z kuşağının ebeveynleriyle olan iletişim problemlerini belirlemek ve araştırmayı detaylandırmak amacıyla yapılan betimsel analiz sonucunda, Z kuşağının ebeveynleriyle en fazla okul başarısı ile bu başarının başkalarıyla kıyaslanması ve geleneklere bağlılık konularında sorun yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir.
Evaluation of Intestinal Permeability of the Antifungal Compound PD76: Comparison of in silico Platforms and in vitro Assay in Caco-2 Cell Model
Authors: Pierotte Isabella , Silva Iara , dos Santos Jr. Valtair , Almeida Gabriel , dos Santos Pedro Henrique , Maltarollo Vinícius , de Oliveira Renata , Gonçalves José Eduardo , Costa César Isabela
Published: January 2024

The compound 2-hydrazinyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiazole (PD76) is a novel thiazolyl hydrazine derivative with proven antifungal activity against different fungal species, mainly Candida and Cryptococcus. Considering the advantages of oral route for clinical therapy, the aim of this work was to evaluate the potential intestinal permeability of this new antifungal drug. For the quantitation of PD76, a high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and fully validated. The cytotoxicity of the compound in Caco-2 cells was analyzed and intestinal permeability of PD76 was assessed by means of the comparison of in vitro assay in Caco-2 cells and in silico platforms ADMETlab and admetSAR. Cell viability above 70% was obtained at all PD76 studied concentrations. Using Caco-2 cell model, the compound showed apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) of 5.25 × 10-6 and 23.28 × 10-6 cm s-1 in apical-basolateral and basolateral-apical directions, respectively. Experiments performed using verapamil as P-gp inhibitor demonstrated that PD76 is slightly susceptible to active efflux. Both in silico platforms inferred that PD76 presents permeability in Caco-2 cells, with Log P values of 2.82 (ADMETlab) and 2.10 (admetSAR). The results obtained in permeability studies showed that PD76 presents moderate intestinal permeability and a promising profile for clinical application.
Vertical distribution of dissolved free amino acids and phytoplankton and zooplankton biomasses.
Authors: Troncoso Víctor A. , Iriarte José , González Humberto , Martínez Victorino
Published: January 2024

Dissolved Free Amino Acids (DFAA) concentra tions were measured in the water column during a night and day sampling period, following a Lagrangian drogue within Concepción Bay (Chile). For the night-time sampling period no correlations between DFAA and either chlorophyll-fl or zooplankton were observed, although a positive and significant correlation between phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass did exist. During the day chlorophyll-fl and DFAA were correlated throughout the water column, suggesting that excretion, enhanced by photosynthetic activity of primary producers was occurring.
DINAMICA REPRODUCTIVA DE LA MERLUZA MERLUCCIUS HUBBSI MARINI1933, DURANTE SU CONCENTRACION ESTIVAL DE 1988 EN LA COSTA DE ARGENTINA
Authors: Louge Elena B. , Christiansen Haraldo E.
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo tiene por finalidad conocer la actividad reproductiva de la merluza Merluccius hubbsi a través del análisis histológico. Seextrajeron 523 ovarios de ejemplares adultos provenientes de la campaña del Buque de Investigación Pesquera OCA BALDA Nc 08-88 que operó en la zona comprendida entre 43°S y 47°S y 63°W y 66°W, durante diciembre de 1988. Las gónadas se incluyeron en parafina y se colorearon con hematoxilina-eosina. Se identificaron los estadios de maduración III, IV, V, VI y los de reversión VII-5, V1I-4, VII-3, VII-2 y VIL Se calculó la distribución porcentual de estadios gonadales para cada lance de pesca y se realizó un análisis de agrupamiento que definió cuatro grupos ubicados en espacios geográficos diferentes: grupo 1 de maduración y desove (estadios III, IV, V, VI); grupo 2 de maduración, y reversión V1I-3; grupo 3 de reversión en todos los estadios, y el grupo 4de reversión VII-4. Se vincularon nueve variables para cada lance a través de un análisis de componentes principales. Las variables fueron: porcentaje de individuos en estadio III, VII-5, VII-4, VII-3, VII-2, VII, talla, porcentaje de estómagos con contenido, temperatura y salinidad. El resultado fue similar al obtenido mediante el análisis de agrupamiento, ya que se mantuvo la misma agrupación de lances.
Diferenciación genética poblacional en Concholepas concholepas (BRUGUIERE, 1789) (GASTROPODA, MURICIDAE) en su área de distribución Centro-Norte
Authors: Guíñez Ricardo , Gómez María V. , Castilla Juan C.
Published: January 2024

Se estudió la estructura genética poblacional de Concholepas concholepas en 11 sitios dentro de 6 localidades ubicadas entre la costa central chilena y el sur del Perú, mediante electroforesis horizontal en gel de almidón. El análisis genético realizado sobre la base de 3 loci polimórficos y las distancias genéticas estimadas sugieren que las localidades estudiadas no forman una unidad panmíctica. Los componentes de variación "entre localidades" y "entre agregados de áreas geográficas disjuntas" explican más del 89% de la heterogeneidad. Adicionalmente se comunica la variación genética mantenida por la especie sobre la base de 17 loci. La información genética obtenida debe ser considerada para el ordenamiento del manejo pesquero de las poblaciones explotadas y de los estudios ecológicos de la especie.
Distribution patterns of the demersal fish assemblage off central Chile.
Authors: Arancibia Hugo
Published: January 2024

Thespatial and temporal distribution of the fish fauna in the fishing area of Pleuroncodes monodon, off Central Chile, is analysed. Haul-by-haul information from four surveys was taken into account (April 1982 and 1983, and March and November 1984). The demersal fish fauna exhibits two boundaries, one at depths of around 250 ± 50 m and the other one at depths of around 100 m. Consequently, three fish assemblages are recognized: inshore over the continental shelf, offshore over the continental shelf, and over the upper continental slope. Temporal and spatial changes in the fish assemblage are clearly recognized with M. gayi as the dominant species, being replaced in depth mainly by the grenadier fish Coelorinchus aconcagua.
Captación de Mitílidos en diferentes tipos de colectores artificiales en Chubut, Argentina.
Authors: Lizarralde Zulma I. , Zaixso Héctor E.
Published: January 2024

En el presente trabajo se compara la eficiencia de diferentes tipos de colectores artificiales en la captación de juveniles de mejillón (Mytilus platensis d'Orb.) y de cholga (Aulacomya ater ater Molina). Fueron utilizados cuatro tipos de colectores de un metro de largo: 1) red abierta de 11,02 mm de malla y 0,30 m de ancho; 2) red semirrígida de polietileno de 8,46 mm de malla, de 0,12 m de ancho; 3) cuerda de red trenzada, de 11,02 mm de malla; 4) cuerda de red trenzada, de 40 mm de malla. Los colectores fueron dispuestos en un long-line a tres profundidades diferentes: 3, 5 y 7 m de la superficie. Los mismos permanecieron 3 meses en el agua (octubre de 1984 a enero de 1985) en la localidad de San Román (golfo de San José, Chubut, Argentina). Se encontró que los diferentes tipos de colectores captan 6,4 veces más cholgas que mejillones. Para ambas especies se halló que el número de individuos captados no está relacionado con la profundidad. Asimismo, se encontró que el número de individuos captados fuesignificativamente mayor (p<0,001) en las redes abiertasque en las trenzadas. Las redes abiertas entre sí y las trenzadas entre sí no presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto del número de individuos captados.
Análisis retrospectivo de la evaluación de Merluza común (Merluccius gayi) utilizando análisis secuencial de la población sintonizado
Authors: Cubillos Luis , Sobarzo Pamela , Arancibia Hugo
Published: January 2024

Se realiza un análisis retrospectivo de la evaluación de stock del recurso merluza común de la zona centro-sur de Chile (30° S-40° S), con el objeto de identificar sesgos en la evaluación que se realiza anualmente mediante el Análisis Secuencial de la Población (ASP) con proceso de sintonización ad hoc, utilizando la captura por unidad de esfuerzo como información auxiliar. El análisis muestra una consistente sobreestimación de la mortalidad por pesca de los reclutas y de las edades más jóvenes en cada año terminal y, por ende, una subestimación de la abundancia para esas mismas edades, lo que es consecuencia de la estimación del patrón de explotación para el año terminal. Un procedimiento de estimación de varianza del ASP, utilizando una forma paramétrica del método bootstrap, demuestra que el patrón de explotación en el año terminal tiene una gran incidencia sobre los resultados de la evaluación. Se recomienda mejorar la calidad de la información auxiliar y además evaluar la posibilidad de estimar la mortalidad por pesca del año más reciente, separadamente para cada clase de edad, siendo necesario para ello utilizar datos de esfuerzo de pesca, u otro índice auxiliar como abundancia relativa obtenidas de evaluaciones directas.
Isópodos parásitos como indicadores poblacionales del jurel Trachurus symmetricus murphyi (NICHOLS, 1920) (PISCES: CARANGIDAE) frente a las costas de Chile.
Authors: Aldana Marcela , Oyarzún José , Nascimento Mario George
Published: January 2024

Se indagó si los isópodos Ceratothoa spp. Dana 1853, que habitan en la cavidad bucal y cámara branquial del jurel Trachurus symmetricus murphyi (Nichols, 1920), podrían servir como indicadores poblacionaies de su hospedador. Para esto, entre enero y octubre de 1990 se obtuvo 801 ejemplares de Ceratothoa spp. de 900 jureles recolectados mensualmente en las zonas de pesca de Iquique y Talcahuano. Además, entre julio y octubre del mismo año se obtuvo 793 ejemplares de Ceratothoa spp. de 289 jureles recolectados en las zonas de pesca de Caldera y Coquimbo. Se encontraron dos especies, Ceratothoa gaudichaudii (Milne-Edwards, 1840) y Ceratothoa trigonocephala (Leach, 1818) en similares proporciones en todas las localidades. Para cada especie se comparó, entre zonas de pesca, la composición de tallas corporales, la proporción de hembras con crías en distintos estados de desarrollo, la relación entre la fecundidad y la talla, y la relación entre el tamaño corporal del hospedador y de los parásitos. C. trigonocephala presentó un tamaño corporal y fecundidad mayores que C. gaudichaudii. No hubo relación significativa entre el tamaño del hospedador y de los parásitos. Las comparaciones de las variables estimadas mostraron diferencias significativas en ambas especies, al menos para las localidades extremas. Se discute la medida en la cual estos resultados sugieren la existencia de diferenciación poblacional del jurel en las áreas norte y centro-sur de Chile.
Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Breast Cancer Therapy:
Engineered Stem Cells and Exosomal Cell-Free Based Therapy
Authors: Fath Mohsen Karami , Zadian Seyed Sajjad , Torbati Samaneh Mohammad Bagherzadeh , Saqagandomabadi Vahid , Afshar Omid Yousefi , Khalilzad Mohammad , Abedi Sara , Moliani Afshin , Barati Ghasem
Published: January 2024

Breast cancer has a high prevalence among women, with a high mortality
rate. The number of people who suffer from breast cancer disease is increasing,
whereas metastatic cancers are mostly incurable, and existing therapies have
unfavorable side effects. For an extended duration, scientists have dedicated their
efforts to exploring the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment
of metastatic cancers, including breast cancer. MSCs could be genetically engineered
to boost their anticancer potency. Furthermore, MSCs can transport oncolytic viruses,
suicide genes, and anticancer medicines to tumors. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are
MSC products that have attracted scientist's attention as a cell-free treatment. This
study narratively reviews the current state of knowledge on engineered MSCs and their
EVs as promising treatments for breast cancer.
Updated Progress on Mass Spectrometry Imaging and its Application in Cancer Treatment and Drug Discovery
Authors: Li Mingyue , Zhou Jingna , Zhang Tingting , Lu Jingyang , Wang Yajie , Liu Junyu , Zhang Xiaoyu , Chen Haixia
Published: January 2024

Background:

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is an imaging method based on
mass spectrometry technology that can simultaneously visualize the spatial distribution of various
biological molecules. The use of MSI in cancer detection and drug discovery has been extensively
investigated in recent years.

Objective:

This review aims to summarize the latest advances of MSI and its specific applications
in cancer detection and drug discovery, providing a basic understanding of the development
and application of MSI in the past five years and offering references for the further application
of MSI in cancer detection and drug discovery.

Methods:

In the database, "mass spectrometry imaging", "cancer treatment", and "drug discovery"
were used as keywords for literature retrieval, and the time range was limited to "2018-
2023". After organizing and analyzing the literature and patents, a review was conducted.

Results:

Based on the literature, it was found that the updated progress of MSI in the past five
years mostly focused on concrete methods, operation procedures, facilities, and composite applications.
The patents of MSI were mainly correlated with the mass spectrometry imaging system
and its application in cancer treatment. MSI is conducive to investigating the therapeutic
schedule of cancer and searching for new drugs.

Conclusion:

MSI is a convenient, fast and powerful technology that has made great progress in
sample preparation, instrumentation, quantitation, and multimodal imaging. MSI has emerged
as a powerful technique in various biomedical applications, which has strong potential in cancer
detection, treatment, formation mechanism research, discovery of biomarkers, and drug discovery
process.
High-power Microwaves Against Locust Invasion
Authors: Zapevalov Vladimir
Published: January 2024

Background::

There are a lot of phytophagous and harmful animals in agriculture and
forestry in the entire world. The ultimate goal in locust control is the use of preventive and proactive
methods that disrupt the environment to the least possible extent. This would make agricultural
production easier and more secure in the many regions where growing crops is of vital importance.

Method::

The possibility of using high-power microwave systems to combat harmful animal pests
in agriculture and forestry is discussed. The proposed method is compared favorably with respect
to the environment.

Results::

The obtained results of the study demonstrated the possibility of using modern sources
of high-power microwave radiation to solve the problem of insect invasion.

Conclusion::

It should be noted that the use of powerful microwaves is a promising means of
controlling locusts and other pests. Mobile international forces equipped with modern microwave
apparatus can solve the problem of combating locusts and other pests on a global scale without
harming the environment. Microwave systems can also be used against other phytophagous pests
of agriculture and forestry.
Over generaties: Intergenerationele patronen van deviant gedrag
Authors: Eichelsheim Veroni
Published: January 2024

Waarom clustert deviant gedrag (gedrag dat afwijkt van gangbare sociale normen, zoals agressief of crimineel gedrag) in bepaalde families? En wat zijn effectieve strategieën zijn om dergelijke patronen te doorbreken? Dit zijn vragen die Veroni Eichelsheim stelt in haar oratie. Complex samenspel Intergenerationele continuïteit – oftwel de mate waarin ouderlijk gedrag de kans beïnvloedt dat kinderen soortgelijk gedrag zullen vertonen – is een complex samenspel tussen individuele kenmerken, genetische, sociale, en socio-economische mechanismen, in interactie met bredere maatschappelijke of historische ontwikkelingen. Goede timing Interveniëren bij problematiek blijkt een lastige opgave, zeker in een doelgroep die vaak wars is van instanties of onzichtbaar blijft voor hulpverlening. Terwijl de timing van interventies belangrijk is: vroeg ingrijpen, maar niet té vroeg. Bovendien worden interventies in deze groep niet alleen vrijwillig uitgevoerd, maar ook onvrijwillig: door een rechter opgelegd. Die onvrijwilligheid van interveniëren brengt een spanningsveld met zich mee tussen het bieden van zorg en pedagogische ondersteuning enerzijds, en repressie anderzijds. Samenwerking tussen disciplines Om de komende jaren doorbraken te bereiken, is een goede samenwerking tussen disciplines zoals ontwikkelingspsychologie, criminologie en sociologie maar ook de rechtsgeleerdheid van essentieel belang. Alleen als we de complexe mechanismen onderliggend aan intergenerationele continuïteit én veerkracht beter begrijpen, kunnen we effectievere interventies ontwikkelen. Interventies met bij voorkeur een lange opvolgduur: over de levensloop en misschien wel over generaties. Veroni Eichelsheim bekleedt de bijzondere leerstoel ‘Intergenerationele continuïteit van deviant gedrag’, ingesteld door het Nederlands Studiecentrum Criminaliteit en Rechtshandhaving (NSCR) en de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. Het doel van deze leerstoel is te onderzoeken waarom deviant gedrag (gedrag dat afwijkt van gangbare sociale normen, zoals agressief of crimineel gedrag) clustert in bepaalde families én wat effectieve strategieën zijn om dergelijke patronen te doorbreken.
Peculiarities of eye Motor Reactions During the Perception of Static Images in Boys and Girls with a Bend to Computer Gaming Dependence
Authors: Kaidalova D. A. , Kuznetsova A. A. , Nikitina E. A.
Published: January 2024

The problem of formation, course, prevention and rehabilitation of computer gambling addiction has been actively studied in the last decade. However, there is a shortage of valid and reliable methods for identifying a tendency to computer gambling addiction. The article is devoted to the study of the features of oculomotor reactions as markers of the risk of computer gambling addiction, as well as to the disclosure of the diagnostic potential of hardware methods, in particular the oculography method, in the early diagnosis of computer gambling.Purpose of the study. To reveal the features of oculomotor reactions in the perception of static images in boys and girls with a tendency to game computer addiction.Methods. To assess oculomotor reactions (fixation duration, number of fixations, and gaze fixation latency), we used the GP3 Gazepoint remote software and hardware system for assessing oculomotor reactions. To assess the tendency to game computer addiction, we used the following methods: clinical screening diagnostics of addictive and addictive behavior by I.S. Lukyantseva, V.A. Ruzhenkov; Internet Gaming Disorder Pontes, O. Kiraly, Z. Demetrovics, M.D. Griffiths (adapted by A.A. Petrova, N.B. Chernyak); screening diagnostics of computer gambling addiction L.N. Yurieva, T.Yu. Bolbot.Results. As a result of the study, we identified the features of oculomotor reactions that are characteristic of people with different experience in gaming (gamers, e-sportsmen who do not have experience in gaming), and analyzed their relationship with a tendency to computer gaming addiction. We have identified the most significant areas of interest for assessing oculomotor reactions (the area of control of the game action, the area of expectation of the game action, the peripheral area). A connection was found between the level of propensity for gaming computer addiction and the number and duration of fixations on stimuli containing gaming achievements and screenshots of eSports disciplines (Dota2, CS:GO, Hearthstone).Conclusion. The results obtained will make it possible to create guidelines for the selection of static images of a certain structure, as well as to develop a hardware method for diagnosing a tendency to game computer addiction
The Problem of Developing Coping Strategies to Overcome Difficult Life Situations at Student Age
Authors: Tarasova N. V.
Published: January 2024

The formation of constructive strategies for overcoming difficult life situations plays a vital role in choosing the type of behavior, allowing students to successfully overcome traumatic and stressful situations, both during their studies and in their future professional activities. Higher education contributes to the development of professionally significant psychological and personal characteristics. In this aspect, we can talk about the development of selforganization, motivation, creative thinking, adaptability and emotional intelligence, mental and behavioral patterns that help people effectively cope with the difficulties and challenges of everyday life. These qualities play an important role in a graduate’s successful career and personal growth.The problem of overcoming behavior as a unique way of interaction of an individual with difficult life situations began to be considered around the 1950s.The term «coping» was coined by Abraham Maslow and comes from the English word «tocope», which means «to cope» or «to overcome». In Russian scientific literature it is often translated as «overcoming behavior» or «psychological overcoming».The purpose of this article is to study the characteristics of students mastering the skills of constructive strategies for overcoming difficult life situations. The paper examines the features of the formation of constructive strategies for overcoming difficult life situations among students.The use of bibliometric analysis and experimental analysis in this work allowed us to obtain comprehensive and reliable data that can be used for a deeper understanding of the problem under study. Thanks to the conducted psychological experiment, the leading skills of constructive strategies that help overcome difficult life situations at student age were studied.The methods of our psychological research were theoretical analysis of literature relevant to the topic of research; empirical research methods: the method of psychodiagnostics of coping mechanisms by E. Heim, the method of «Identification of mental and physical discomfort» (according to V.N. Ponikarova), the method of «Coping behavior in stressful situations CISS» (D.S. Norman. F. Endler, D.A. James, M.I. Parker; adapted version by T.A. Kryukova); observation and interview methods; methods of quantitative and qualitative data processing.In this study, a variety of methods were used to process the results, including quantitative, qualitative and mathematical approaches.
Distinctive Characteristics of Destructive Conflicts Among Students
Authors: Tarasova N. V. , Dubkov D. M.
Published: January 2024

The paper considers the concept of "destructive conflict" and its significant characteristics; the causes and consequences of the emergence of destructive conflicts in student age are studied; the interrelation of personal features of students with behavioral reactions in a destructive conflict is analyzed.Conflicts are constantly present in relationships between people and play a key role in the life of a person, family, team, state, society and the person as a whole. The student society also cannot do without conflicts, as many different problems arise in it. Student problems are very diverse and large-scale, and most of all they are associated with the educational process and the individual and personal characteristics of a person. During the educational process, students need to adequately assess both their level of stress resistance and the degree of severity of personality conflict. Students need to learn how to effectively use various ways to overcome conflict behavior, to be able to detect and understand conflictogens that can lead to conflict escalation.The purpose of the psychological research presented in the work was a multidimensional study of the features of the course of destructive conflicts in the student environment.The scientific article presents the results of a study of such characteristics as character accentuations; aggressiveness; tactics of behavior in the conflict. Thanks to the conducted psychological experiment, interconnected sets were identified, including both personal characteristics and styles of behavior in conflict. These parameters were calculated using the computer program STATISTICA 13.5.0.17.The work used such methodological approaches as axiological, humanistically oriented, systemic. Scientific methods of psychological research were: organizational methods; theoretical analysis of literary sources on the research problem; empirical methods: observation, psychodiagnostic methods.
Competitive Analysis of the Business Environment in the Development of a Startup Project
Authors: Kryzhanovskaya O. A.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. In market conditions of doing business, organizations are forced to compete with each other, find new markets, goods/services that satisfy the rapidly changing needs of customers, quickly responding to the challenges of the external environment. To win the competition, companies introduce high-quality goods and services, use computer technologies, modern equipment, and innovations. The virtual reality market is becoming a rapidly developing and promising market. The development and launch of startup projects in this area is becoming a relevant area of research and development. That is why the problem of conducting a competitive analysis of the business environment when developing startup projects comes to the fore and requires its scientific and practical solution.The purpose of the study is to conduct a competitive analysis of the startup’s business environment and, on its basis, identify directions for the formation of the project’s competitive advantages. The study was carried out using the example of the development of a startup project “Creation of a virtual reality club Enter. VR".The objectives are set based on the topic of the study and are aimed at justifying the relevance of solving the identified problem, studying the main trends in the development of the global and Russian virtual reality market, conducting a competitive business environment for a startup and identifying, on its basis, directions for forming the competitive advantages of the project.The methodology involves the use of empirical and comparative analysis methods, as well as methods of tabular and graphical visualization of source data and research results.Results. The results of the study provide for solving the problems posed in the study and substantiating the conclusions obtained.Conclusions. Using the example of the development of the startup project “Creation of a virtual reality club “Enter. VR" a competitive analysis of the business environment was carried out, the competitive and most attractive segments of the virtual reality market in the Kursk region were identified, recommendations were formulated for the formation of competitive advantages of the virtual reality club "Enter. VR", which can be adapted into the practice of other startup projects.
The Attitude of Kursk Region Population to the Individuals’ Bankruptcy: a Sociological Analysis
Authors: Podgorny B. B.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. The relevance of the study lies in the need to clarify the attitude of the regional population to the bankruptcy of individuals and determine the most significant characteristics that form it.The purpose is determine the attitude of the Kursk region population to the individuals’ bankruptcy and the main factors that form the current attitude.Objectives: determine the installation of the population to return debts; find out the awareness and attitude of the population towards the bankruptcy procedure; determine the impact of socio-economic and demographic characteristics on the studied indicators.Methodology: analysis of documents; questionnaire survey of the population; the habitual structure was determined by comparing the direction of the respondents’ main disposition and their effective capital; the results processing, analysis, comparison and determination of the dependence of indicators on the respondentsэ characteristics was carried out using the SPSS program (statistical tables and contingency tables).Results. Most of the Kursk region population believes that debts must be repaid. Only a fifth of the respondents allow exceptions in the matter of repayment of debts. At the same time, only 26 percent consider non-repayment of debts a shameful phenomenon. The same number - 26 percent - equates bankruptcy with a life catastrophe, the rest admit that bankruptcy is an unpleasant circumstance, but does not radically change people's lives. Positive and negative attitudes towards persons who have gone through the bankruptcy procedure are distributed almost equally. The probability of a personal appeal to the bankruptcy procedure was expressed by about 40 percent, 30 percent do not consider such an option for themselves, the same number cannot answer this question.Conclusions. The results of the study allow us to state that the greatest influence on the attitude of the Kursk region population to the individuals’ bankruptcy has its habitual structure, type of employment and education. The gender indicator affects only the assessment of the individuals’ bankruptcy as a phenomenon. Marital status and the amount of income per family member do not affect the attitude to bankruptcy.
Gênero e Democracia
Authors: Cal Danila , Fonseca Nathália de Sousa , Laboissiere Luana de Melo , Kahwage Nathalia
Published: January 2024

Investigamos os sentidos atribuídos ao #EleNão pelas mulheres participantes da mobilização do dia 29/09/2018, em Belém/PA. Analisamos: (a) 40 escritos de cartazes e pinturas corporais para desvelar os sujeitos do protesto e suas reivindicações; e (b) 50 entrevistas com as participantes para compreender motivações, perspectivas sobre democracia e relações com os feminismos. Trabalhamos com a noção de democracia materializada em um “modo de vida” dialogada com visadas feministas do Sul Global sobre a pluralização do sujeito do feminismo. A partir da análise dos cartazes, destacamos a ampliação do sujeito do feminismo e a associação entre as lutas feministas e a posição contrária ao candidato Bolsonaro. Os resultados das entrevistas apontam para a importância da participação popular na democracia e para o entendimento do #EleNão como forma de construção de solidariedade.
responsabilidade política do jornalismo em cobertura de conflitos
Authors: Abib Tayane Aidar
Published: January 2024

Professor do Departamento de Meios, Comunicação e Cultura da Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Xavier Giró Martí tem uma trajetória profissional marcada pelo pensamento crítico acerca da responsabilidade política do campo jornalístico. Especialista em Análise do Discurso, com tese de Doutorado premiada pelo Conselho Audiovisual da Catalunha, em 1999, sobre a construção do nacionalismo e da identidade espanhola na imprensa, Giró é diretor do grupo de investigação Observatori de la Cobertura de Conflictes, sediado na UAB, e vice coordenador do Mestrado em Comunicação de Conflitos Armados, Paz e Movimentos Sociais da instituição desde 2010.

Referência nos Estudos de Comunicação para uma Cultura de Paz, Xavier Giró também se dedica a práticas de formação e consultoria a meios de comunicação e jornalistas sobre temas de cooperação e solidariedade internacional, fluxos migratórios e transformação de conflitos desde uma atuação midiática não profissionalista.

Nesta entrevista, realizada em sua sala na Faculdade de Comunicação da UAB, em dezembro de 2019, Giró reflete sobre os fundamentos de coberturas jornalísticas orientadas para a paz.
#BOLSODORIA2018
Authors: Santos Mateus da Cunha , Fossá Maria Ivete Trevisan
Published: January 2024

No início do segundo turno das eleições de 2018, o candidato a Governador de São Paulo, João Doria, declarou o seu apoio ao candidato a Presidente do Brasil, Jair Bolsonaro. Apesar de serem de partidos diferentes e de não ter recebido apoio em troca, Doria criou um “movimento” de campanha ancorado no neologismo “BolsoDoria”. Partindo da hipótese de que essa aproximação foi muito além de um slogan e de uma identidade visual semelhante, o artigo tem como objetivo analisar a incorporação do ethos de Bolsonaro ao discurso eleitoral de João Doria. Com base em um aporte teórico-metodológico construído a partir do método de Análise do Discurso e teorias sobre o discurso político e o ethos discursivo formuladas por Charaudeau (2009, 2015, 2016), analisamos trechos de um corpus formado por seis programas eleitorais e três inserções da campanha televisiva de João Doria, no segundo turno das eleições de 2018. A análise indicou que atributos, valores e propostas de Bolsonaro foram incorporados ao discurso eleitoral de João Doria. Entre as imagens de si (ethé) acionadas, destacamos as figuras identitárias de patriota, defensor, antipetista, chefe, virtuoso, sincero, justo, corajoso e rigoroso.
Apuração com ferramentas de transparência
Authors: Nascimento Thatiany , Lycarião Diogenes
Published: January 2024

Apesar da qualificação da transparência pública, após a redemocratização, entraves perduram no Brasil. Este artigo identifica, a partir de uma aplicação de questionário online com 60 repórteres de jornais de referência do Estado do Ceará, cinco obstáculos na mediação da informação pública. Estes referem-se: (a) aos déficits na formação profissional, (b) ao desenho das ferramentas, (c) ao uso técnico delas, (d) à temporalidade das rotinas produtivas e (e) à influência do poder político e/ou econômico. Discutimos como esses gargalos afetam o papel do jornalismo na defesa da democracia e, ao final, apontamos como pesquisas futuras podem superar limitações metodológicas desta pesquisa e, também, explorar mais detidamente políticas e ações coletivas capazes de aliviar ou mesmo superar os obstáculos identificados.
#FechadoComBolsonaro
Authors: Carreiro Rodrigo , Silva Rodrigo Daniel , Freire Thiago
Published: January 2024

O trabalho tem por objetivo traçar um panorama do apoio de parlamentares bolsonaristas ao discurso presidencial diante da pandemia de Coronavírus no Brasil. Partimos da centralidade dos chamados novos líderes de opinião em aglutinar ideias e argumentos em torno de mensagens que têm grande poder de alcance. Abordamos o fenômeno por meio da análise de três indicadores: links compartilhados, menções e tipos de discurso. Investigamos os perfis de Carlos Jordy (PSL), Hélio Lopes (PSL), Major Fabiana (PSL), Marco Feliciano (Republicanos), Eduardo Bolsonaro (PSL) e Carla Zambelli (PSL). Os resultados apontam para um alinhamento de mensagens entre os perfis, com destaque para tweets que atacam instituições e adversários políticos e defendem as ações do governo.
Doze teses para o enfrentamento da Ultradireita
Authors: Minervini Fabio Melo , Santos João Guilherme Bastos dos
Published: January 2024

‘The Far Right Today’ traça o histórico, as clivagens e perfis da radicalização de instituições à direita do espectro político, articulando diversas fontes para construir um panorama atual da ultradireita no mundo. O momento atual presenciaria uma quarta onda, considerando as diferentes fases de crescimento da direita ao longo da história seguindo as análises do autor. Fruto de um extenso trabalho de pesquisa, a obra tem por objetivo ser referência tanto para acadêmicos quanto para leigos. Um conhecimento necessário para entender as alterações políticas atuais, suas causas, consequências e novas forças que surgem a reboque.
Para esfregar os olhos
Authors: Gomes Angela Nelly dos Santos
Published: January 2024

O livro “Imagens da resistência: dimensões estéticas e políticas”, organizado por Leandro R. Lage (EDUFBA, 2021) é uma coletânea concebida para pensar a Amazônia e seus levantes históricos ou cotidianos a partir das múltiplas potencialidades expressivas das imagens. Agrega textos de autores da Amazônia e de outras regiões, que em comum têm a pesquisa ou a reflexão da imagem e suas afetações confrontadas com o tema da resistência, das insurgências ou dos levantes. Reflexões que compreendem a imagem em relação com as lutas políticas para além da dimensão do registro e da representação, como expressividade de múltiplas sensibilidades.
Mídia, desinformação política e o desafio da soberania informacional
Authors: Barba Marcela , Egert Fernando
Published: January 2024

Entrevista
comportamento dos presidentes latino-americanos durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Alison Murilo Brum
Published: January 2024

O objeto de estudo deste artigo é o perfil pessoal na rede social digital Instagram de 15 presidentes de 14 países da América Latina. O problema central da pesquisa é: como os presidentes latino-americanos se comportaram em seus perfis pessoais do Instagram perante à pandemia de Covid-19? Desta maneira, o objetivo principal do artigo foi analisar como a preocupação com a pandemia esteve presente nas imagens e legendas das postagens. O método utilizado é a análise quantitativa sobre um corpus de 6.321 postagens realizadas pelos presidentes entre 20 de março e 30 de novembro de 2020. De forma geral, os resultados indicaram que a pandemia de Covid-19 não foi grande prioridade nas postagens, estando mais presente de forma secundária nas imagens (não como temas centrais), como no uso de máscara e respeito ao distanciamento social.
Meyer, Abbye E. From Wallflowers to Bulletproof Families: The Power of Disability in Young Adult Narratives. UP of Mississippi, 2022. 204 pages. ISBN: 9781496837585
Authors: Kavanagh-Ryan Kit
Published: January 2024

A common observation in disability studies is that historically, disability has been a unifying marginalisation—the one intersection from which other identities hope for distance or even escape (Mitchell & Snyder 3; Davis 277). Problem novels, often dismissed as an inevitable but undesired aspect of adolescent literature (Miskec & McGee 164), occupy a similar space in studies of youth literature. These texts are often considered representative of young adult literature by those outside of children’s literature studies and are often treated defensively by those of us within it as a stereotype the field must overcome. There is, however, very little scholarship explicitly on problem novels. Abbye E. Meyer’s work, From Wallflowers to Bulletproof Families: The Power of Disability in Young Adult Narratives, offers a new defence and reinterpretation of the problem novel as she asks readers to consider these significant gaps in the literature: “the ways in which disability and young adult literature interact” and “the kinds of power these interactions produce” (12). As an analysis of American representations of disability and adolescence, Meyer’s work is often compelling, especially in its recontextualization of “exemplary” didacticism (Meyer 96). While I do question the conflation of adolescence as disabling in early chapters as potentially overly diagnostic and easily misread (and as a non-American reader I lament the limitations in attributing the “young adult voice” (16) so squarely to Holden Caufield and Esther Greenwood), Meyer’s work is an important contribution to both literary and disability studies as we continue to engage on topics of representation, voice, and crip power.