bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of surface depression storage capacity from random roughness and slope
Authors: Mohamed AM Abd Elbasit  , Majed M Abu-Zreig  , Chandra SP Ojha  , Hiroshi Yasuda  , Liu Gang
Published: July 2020

Depression storage capacity (DSC) models found in the literature were developed using statistical regression for relatively large soil surface roughness and slope values resulting in several fitting parameters. In this research, we developed and tested a conceptual model to estimate surface depression storage having small roughness values usually encountered in rainwater harvesting micro-catchments and bare soil in arid regions with only one fitting parameter. Laboratory impermeable surfaces of 30 x 30 cm2 were constructed with 4 sizes of gravel and mortar resulting in random roughness values ranging from 0.9 to 6.3 mm. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted under 9 slope values using simulated rain. Depression storage for each combination of relative roughness and slope was estimated by the mass balance approach.  Analysis of experimental results indicated that the developed linear model between DSC and the square root of the ratio of random roughness (RR) to slope was significant at p < 0.001 and coefficient of determination R2 = 0.90. The developed model predicted depression storage of small relief at higher accuracy compared to other models found in the literature. However, the model is based on small-scale laboratory plots and further testing in the field will provide more insight for practical applications.
El desperdicio de alimentos como externalidad negativa: soluciones contenidas en la normativa francesa y propuestas para el caso español
Authors: Armengol Rosinés Teresa , Salamero Teixidó Laura , Plana Farran Manel
Published: July 2020

According to the FAO, one-third of all the food that is produced in the world is wasted. The consequences of food waste are not only economic, social and ethical, but also environmental. Waste by consumers and distributors generates significant environmental costs without any of the parties involved in distribution and consumption activities assuming these social costs. Within the framework of the economic theory of externalities, the paper details the solutions to combat food waste foreseen by the pioneering French legislation. After the analysis, we make some proposals to fight against food waste that could be introduced in the Spanish legal framework at the national, regional and local levels.
O agro não é pop, não é tech, não é tudo: O PL nº 6.299/2002 do veneno e o retrocesso socioambiental
Authors: Bortoncello Luis Gustavo Patuzzi , Brasil Deilton Ribeiro
Published: July 2020

The study addresses the use of agrochemicals in Brazilian agricultural production that corresponds to one of the pillars of the Brazilian economy. One of the main components of this productivity is the growing use of pesticides that keeps Brazil as one of the largest food producers and exporters in the world. The impacts on the environment and in the worker and consumer health are doubtful and still uncertain. Nevertheless, the Brazilian National Congress is currently in the course of draft bill (PL) Nº 6.299/2002 called “Poison Package” that assumes the primacy of agribusiness interests in order to dismantle the already fragile system of control of authorization, employment and disposal of agrochemicals in effect in the country. It is concluded that the draft bill (PL) Nº 6.299/2002 is an offence against the principles of prevention, precaution and the prohibition of social and environmental setback. The risk to present and future generations is immediate. The constitutional and legal frameworks, based on a case study on the impact of hormonal herbicides on grape cultivation in Rio Grande do Sul, reinforce the inconsistency of the proposal. The research nature is theoretical and bibliographical following the inductive method that instructed the analysis of the legislation, as well as the doctrine that informs the concepts of dogmatic order.
Desafios socioambientais das áreas marinhas protegidas do Brasil: O caso dos pescadores artesanais no contexto da reserva extrativista Prainha do Canto Verde (Ceará)
Authors: Carina Oliveira Costa de , Fernanda Castelo Branco Araújo , Jacqueline Alves Soares
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the RESEX (a specific type of Marine Protected Area) Prainha do Canto Verde, established by the presidential decree of 05.06.2009. The community who lives in this area is reference in environmental struggle in the state by resistance to property speculation and defense of artisanal fisheries. However, after the RESEX was formalized, with areas of land and sea, the conflict intensified, so that part of the population questions the legality and legitimacy of the land area. Throughout a qualitative analysis and a bibliographical, documentary and field research, we seek to answer: is the RESEX the most appropriate legal instrument for the environmental protection of the area? Was the RESEX created in accordance with the constitutional and infra-constitutional norms? And, given its objectives, can the RESEX dispense the land part of the area?
Energieakkoord y Klimaatakkoord. Los acuerdos como instrumento de coordinación para las políticas neerlandesas de cambio climático
Authors: Presicce Laura
Published: July 2020

The Netherlands has a long tradition of seeking consensus on objectives and mechanisms for the deployment of social and economic policy, through consultation and agreement between different stakeholders. This form of 'government by agreement' shows the multiform and decentralised nature of the socio-political and power spheres in the Netherlands. Central government agreements with the social partners, with other levels of government and even with opposition political parties, on elements of government policy have helped to shape governance in the Netherlands for centuries. Agreement-based governance ultimately represents an established aspect of the pluralistic society and the unitary but decentralised Dutch state. Against this backdrop, the purpose of this paper is to study Dutch energy and climate agreements in order to support energy transition and climate action. They will be considered in their perspective as instruments of collaborative and multilevel governance, as a framework for climate policies.
Jurisprudencia ambiental en La Rioja (Primer semestre 2020)
Authors: Muñoz Benito Lucía
Published: July 2020

Jurisprudencia ambiental en La Rioja (Primer semestre 2020)
Jurisprudencia ambiental de la Unión Europea (Primer semestre 2020)
Authors: Giles Carnero Rosa
Published: July 2020

Jurisprudencia ambiental de la Unión Europea (Primer semestre 2020)
Derecho y políticas ambientales en la Comunidad de Madrid (Primer semestre 2020)
Authors: Entrena Ruiz Daniel Bruno
Published: July 2020

Derecho y políticas ambientales en la Comunidad de Madrid (Primer semestre 2020)
Jurisprudencia ambiental del Tribunal Supremo (primer semestre 2020)
Authors: Pallares Serrano Ana
Published: July 2020

Jurisprudencia ambiental del Tribunal Supremo (primer semestre 2020)
Derecho y políticas ambientales en Castilla La Mancha (Primer semestre 2020)
Authors: Garrido Cuenca Nuria María
Published: July 2020

Derecho y Politicas ambientales en Castilla la Mancha (primer semestre 2020)
A Rolex o a setas. Comunidades Autónomas, cambio climático y modelo económico
Authors: Nogueira López Alba
Published: July 2020

This article seeks to analyze the recent impulse that the legislation of some Autonomous Communities has wanted to give to the fight against climate change and contextualize it in the powerful tensions with the distribution of powers between central and regional authorities, which at the same time are also those that come out of a rigid interpretation of the limits imposed by the economic model. For the time being in Spain, it seems that instead of taking advantage of synergies and that “active and innovative role” pointed out by the Committee of the Regions of the regional climate-related policies, the central government has opted for a short-term view of the distribution of powers using as a shield the "old" energy and economic planning powers to the detriment of the green perspective.
La ley catalana de cambio climático tras la sentencia del Tribunal constitucional. Estudio de las repercusiones de la sentencia y su evolución legislativa
Authors: De la Varga Pastor Aitana
Published: July 2020

This work deals with Law 16/2017, of August 1, on climate change in Catalonia and its situation three years after its enactment, in 2020. To do this, we start with the evident change of scenery involved in the climate and environmental emergency, the situation and context in which this regulation is framed. The main object of the work lies in the study of the evolution of this law after the Constitutional Court Judgment 87/2019 that resolves the appeal of unconstitutionality of competence filed against a large number of articles of the law. The focus of the work is placed on the articles that have been contested and on the legislative and regulatory development of the law, with the aim of elucidating whether the law continues to be applicable and whether it maintains its essence and the ambition that originally characterized it.
¿Por qué la República de Irlanda está en el top del índice de atractivo regulatorio de los permisos mineros? Un análisis del factor tiempo
Authors: Montoya Martín Encarnación
Published: July 2020

The study aims to examine the regulatory framework of the procedures for granting mining permits, taking into account the regulatory attractiveness index or public policy perception index and carrying out a special analysis of the time factor. The Republic of Ireland is attractive from a regulatory point of view according to the Fraser Institute's Annual Surveys of Mining Companies, which justifies the study of the legal regime of mining and in particular of mining licences under the Minerals Development Act 2017, its strengths and weaknesses. The time factor is a key element of good regulation of mining activity, so the time period for resolution and notification of the procedures for granting mining permits for the resources of Sections C and D of the 1973 Mining Act is analyzed in detail, advocating the need to streamline the system and to bring the legal and actual time period into line as one of the elements contributing to good regulation of mining activity.
Cambio climático en tiempos de emergencia. Las comunidades autónomas en las veredas del "federalismo climático" español
Authors: Cocciolo Endrius
Published: July 2020

The latest national and subnational legislative developments in the field of climate change and energy transition are taking place in a context of climate emergency to which a health crisis has added, what shows the causal relationships between pollutants of anthropogenic origin, climate change and the increase in pandemic or epidemic events that require urgent measures by public authorities. Against this backdrop, climate emergency is considered a true constitutional emergency and the evolution of the political and legal framework in which the subnational laws have opened the way to a difficult but necessary climate federalism is observed.
Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y las TIC: una experiencia didáctica con Pinterest en la formación de futuros docentes de primaria
Authors: Robles Moral Francisco Javier
Published: July 2020

Se presenta la experiencia didáctica desarrollada en la asignatura Enseñanza y aprendizaje del medio natural 1, del Grado de Educación Primaria, donde se ha experimentado el uso de la red social Pinterest, como herramienta de aprendizaje para los futuros docentes. La participación activa de los estudiantes en la realización de búsquedas de contenidos de la asignatura se ha desarrollado con objeto de aprovechar las ventajas de la interacción en el aprendizaje, ofreciendo una ocasión para la innovación docente. Se ha pretendido así fomentar el papel de los estudiantes en el desarrollo mismo de la asignatura a la vez que ponen de manifiesto el valor didáctico de esta red social de cara al uso posterior que puedan realizar estos futuros docentes en sus aulas.Además, se presentan los resultados de la aplicación de la actividad desarrollada, y la opinión de los estudiantes sobre la posibilidades didácticas de Pinterest en la Educación Primaria actual. Resaltando en esta interacción estudiante-red social, el predominio de la utilización de imágenes sobre el uso de la escritura en una experiencia de innovación docente para valorar su utilidad y oportunidad de uso.
Hacia una visión aglutinadora del concepto de PLE
Authors: Ordaz Guzmán Teresa , González-Martínez Juan
Published: July 2020

En al ámbito de la tecnología educativa, en los últimos años ha adquirido considerable protagonismo el concepto de entorno personal de aprendizaje (PLE), que se aborda tanto desde una perspectiva pedagógica como tecnológica. Ante la disparidad de concepciones asociadas a los PLE, este artículo propone un análisis cualitativo de documentos de referencia dedicados a este concepto, y establece categorías que permiten descomponer el análisis y profundizar en él. A partir del análisis, se llega a una visión más aglutinadora del PLE que puede ser aprovechada por las universidades al servicio de metodologías activas centradas en el estudiante.
Improving Scientific Creative-Thinking Ability of Primary School Students through CRH Learning Model
Authors: Fasha Linda Hania , Ruqoyyah Siti
Published: July 2020

This research is motivated by the low creative thinking ability of the fourth-grade primary school students in Cimahi City. The purpose of this research is to examine the achievement and improvement of creative thinking abilities of primary school students between those who used the Course Review Hooray (CRH) learning model assisted by monopoly game and those who used conventional learning. This research is a quasi-experimental type with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this study was the fourth-grade primary school students in Cimahi City, while the sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique obtained by class 4B as an experimental class with 35 students and class 4C as a control class with 35 students. The research instrument was a science creative thinking ability test. The results showed that the achievement and improvement of creative thinking abilities of primary school students with the CRH learning model assisted by monopoly game media was better than those who used ordinary learning.
Views of Nigerian Teachers on Strategies for Curbing Indiscipline: Implications for Counselling Practices
Authors: Odebode Adeola Aminat
Published: July 2020

This study investigated the strategies for curbing indiscipline in elementary school teachers in Nigeria. It also examined the influence of gender, years in service and educational qualification on the respondents’ expressions. This study employed a descriptive analysis of 200 elementary school teachers as participants. An instrument to analyze the data was developed, named ‘Strategies for Curbing Indiscipline Questionnaire” (SCIQ). The psychometric properties of the instrument were developed. Data were analyzed with both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result showed that the use of the approach to promote acceptable behaviours considered successful. As the result, school authorities being good models, giving moral education in schools, adopting behavioural such as punishment, high parental supervision and referral to appropriate helping personnel are some of the strategies that could be used to curb indiscipline among students. It is, therefore, recommended that behaviour modification strategies should be adopted to curb indiscipline among students.
Negotiations of Socio-Spatial Coexistence through Everyday Encounters in Central Athens, Greece
Authors: Papatzani Eva (Evangelia) , Knappers Lena
Published: July 2020

Over the past decades, Athens has emerged as both a destination and gateway city for diverse migrant populations. Athenian urban development interrelated with migrants’ settlement dynamics has resulted in a super-diverse and mixed urban environment. This article focuses on the western part of Omonia, in central Athens, Greece, and investigates sociospatial trajectories of migrants’ habitation, entrepreneurship, and appropriation of (semi-)public spaces. It draws on scholarship about everyday encounters where negotiations of difference and interethnic coexistence take place at the very local level. It explores encounters between migrants, as well as between migrants and locals, that are created due to their everyday survival and social needs. The article argues that these ‘place-specific’ and ‘needs-specific’ encounters emerge as ‘micropublics’ that are open to negotiation, manage to disrupt pre-existing social boundaries, and epitomise processes of belonging in the city. The article draws from ethnographic fieldwork and qualitative semi-structured interviews carried out from 2013 to 2014 and from 2018 to 2019.
Between Hospitality and Inhospitality: The Janus-Faced 'Arrival Infrastructure'
Authors: Felder Maxime , Stavo-Debauge Joan , Pattaroni Luca , Trossat Marie , Drevon Guillaume
Published: July 2020

Although ‘arrival infrastructure’ is central to the experience of migrants arriving in a new city, is it sufficient to form a ‘hospitable milieu’? Our article compares newcomers’ experiences with ‘arrival infrastructure’ in two European cities: Brussels and Geneva. Based on ethnographic research with 49 migrants who arrived a few months earlier, we show that arrival infrastructure is Janus-faced. On one hand, it welcomes newcomers and contributes to making the city hospitable. On the other hand, it rejects, deceives and disappoints them, forcing them to remain mobile—to go back home, go further afield, or just move around the city—in order to satisfy their needs and compose what we will call a ‘hospitable milieu.’ The arrival infrastructure’s inhospitality is fourfold: linked firstly to its limitations and shortcomings, secondly to the trials or tests newcomers have to overcome in order to benefit from the infrastructure, thirdly to the necessary forms of closure needed to protect those who have just arrived and fourthly to those organising and managing the infrastructure, with divergent conceptions of hospitality. By using the notion of milieu and by embedding infrastructure into the broader question of hospitality, we open up an empirical exploration of its ambiguous role in the uncertain trajectories of newcomers.
DETERMINAÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE ATIVIDADE DO POTÁSSIO-40 EM AMOSTRAS DE ROCHAS DO NÚCLEO PIRAQUARA – PARQUE ESTADUAL DA PEDRA BRANCA
Authors: SOUZA EDMILSON MONTEIRO , NETO JORGE DO OURO , DOMINGUES ALESSANDRO MARIANO , Dos Santos Mônica Cristina Celestino , THALHOFER JARDEL LEMOS , CORREA SAMANDA CRISTINE ARRUDA , DA SILVA ADEMIR XAVIER
Published: July 2020

Com a prática do Ecoturismo e Turismo de Aventura, tem-se aumentado a presença da população em regiões até então pouco exploradas pelo homem, regiões estas formadas em sua maioria por reservas florestais e maciços rochosos, onde os níveis de radioatividade natural são pouco conhecidos. Dos radionuclídeos encontrados na natureza, o Potássio-40 (40K) é o mais importante, do ponto de vista biológico, por estar presente essencialmente em todas as amostras ambientais. Consequentemente é de fundamental importância o estudo da concentração de atividade do 40K nestas regiões, visando proteger os visitantes dos efeitos causados pelas radiações ionizantes. Nesse trabalho foi utilizada a técnica da espectrometria gama de alta resolução com detector HPGe e o pacote de software GENIE 2000 para a determinação da concentração de atividade do Potássio 40 (40K) em amostras de rochas obtidas de áreas de grande circulação de pessoas do Núcleo Piraquara – Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca/RJ. As concentrações de atividade encontradas variaram de 1101,9 Bq.kg-1 até 2536,4 Bq.kg-1, estando em conformidade com dados da literatura nacionais e internacionais.
Palavras-chave: Radioatividade natural, concentração de atividade, Potássio-40 (40K), Ecoturismo, PEPB.
DOMESTIC DRY CARGO SHIPPING DEMAND OF TURKEY: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: SOLAK FIŞKIN Cemile , CERİT Ayşe Güldem
Published: July 2020

Domestic dry cargo shipping is a dynamic market influenced by many variables. When shipping demand and shipping demand forecast studies are reviewed, it is seen that macroeconomic factors are prominent. Therefore, this research aims to explain the determinant variables of domestic dry cargo shipping demand forecast in terms of industrial marketing. In order to determine these factors, face-to-face semi-structured interviews have been conducted with a total of 17 domestic maritime dry cargo shipping experts. The findings of the study have been examined under the following themes: “current issues”, “future projections”, “future challenges”, “competitive power”, “weaknesses”, “port’s effects”, “shipowners’ effects”, “shippers’ effects”, “shipowners’ choice”. These findings have enabled a unique contribution toward finding out industry specific variables and dynamics.
DENİZ TURİZMİNDE MÜŞTERİ KATILIMININ ÖNCÜLLERİ VE SONUÇLARI
Authors: KOÇ Elif , DEVECİ Durmuş Ali , YILDIRIM Cansu
Published: July 2020

İşletmeler son zamanlarda hizmet üretim ve sunum süreçlerine müşterilerini dahil etmekte, onları değer yaratma faaliyetlerinin bir parçası ve işletmenin bir kaynağı olarak görmektedir. Bu noktada, hizmet araştırmalarında birçok çalışma müşteri katılım kavramı üzerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Marinalar, deniz turizmi alanında faaliyet gösteren önemli hizmet işletmeleridir. Rekabetin hızla arttığı bu sektörde marina işletmeleri, müşterilerin düşünce, bilgi ve becerilerinden faydalanarak daha yüksek hizmet performansı sergileme çabasındadırlar. Bu çalışma, marina hizmetleri bağlamında müşteri katılımı ile ilgili gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalara yol göstermeyi amaçlamıştır. İlk önce mevcut literatür sistematik şekilde taranmış, mevcut yazında bahsedilen müşteri katılımının öncülleri ve sonuçları ortaya koyulmuştur. Daha sonra; literatür taraması bulguları ve uzman görüşleri göz önünde bulundurularak, marina endüstrisinde müşteri perspektifinden (yat sahibi veya yat kullanıcıları) müşteri katılımını ele alacak çalışmalar için kavramsal bir çerçeve sunulmuştur. Kavramsal çerçevede; müşteri katılımının öncülleri olarak incelenebilecek kavramlar “müşteri ile ilgili”,“işletme ile ilgili” ve “endüstri özelinde” olmak üzere üç grup altında toplanmıştır. Katılımın sonuçları ise, mevcut yazında hizmet süreçlerinin sonuçları olarak yer alan hususlarla benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, deniz turizmi endüstrisinde müşterilerin rollerini, davranışlarını ve katılım eğilimlerini anlamak ve işletmelere pazarlama strarejileri belirleme hususunda yol gösterici olmak amacıyla yapılacak çalışmalar için öncü bir çalışmadır.
OPTİMAL SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR ROTA TESPİTİ İÇİN GEREKLİ GÖSTERGELERİN BİR ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YÖNTEMİ İLE ÖNEM DÜZEYİ TESPİTİ
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Volkan , DEVECİ Durmuş Ali
Published: July 2020

Günümüzde, ulaştırma politika alanındaki karar vericilerin karşılaştıkları temel sorun, maliyet, istihdam, gayrisafi milli hasıla, enerji tüketimi ve çevresel sorunlar kapsamında ekonomik, çevresel ve sosyal sürdürülebilirlik sağlayabilmek için bir dizi etkili politika oluşturmaktır. Bu politikalar ile ilgili olarak çoklu taşıma da, özellikle ekonomik verimliliği sağlayabilmek amacı ile uluslararası düzeyde desteklenen ve uygulanan bir taşıma sistemidir. Çoklu taşımada sürdürülebilir rota seçimi de kamu ve yük taşıyan/taşıtan karar vericileri açısından önemli ve stratejik bir karardır. Sürdürülebilir çoklu taşıma rotalarının seçimi için ilk olarak rota performans ölçümü için gerekli göstergelerin önem düzeyi tespit edilmelidir. Bu çalışmada, rota seçim kararının önemi kabul edilerek, sürdürülebilir çoklu taşıma rotası tespiti için gerekli sürdürülebilirlik göstergelerinin önem düzeyi BWM (Best-Worst Method) çok kriterli bir karar verme modeli ile tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Araştırmanın sonucunda karar vericilerin sürdürülebilir çoklu taşıma rotası seçerken kullanabilecekleri sürdürülebilirliğin üç boyutu ile ilgili göstergelerin önem düzeyi ortaya çıkarılmış ve elde edilen bu önem düzeylerinin farklı rota seçim modelleri için girdi oluşturması beklenmektedir.
Prion Interaction with Normal Protein in Topological Changing Secondary Structure to Aggregation
Authors: Yao Yao
Published: July 2020

Prion is a protein smaller than virus and it infects host in the absence of nucleic acid. The secondary structure of protein folds incorrectly from α-helices to β-sheets through breaking and re-formation of hydrogen bond. Structural analogy of α-helix and DNA double helix and comparing differences between α-helix and β-sheet show prion's infectivity and propagation. Aggregates of dimers and polymers generate β-amyloid fibril in Alzheimer's disease.
Diversidad de Araceae en el paisaje forestal del noroccidente del Ecuador
Authors: Núñez Castro Marlon , Benavides Ordoñez Gladys , Argotti Valencia Eduardo , Heredia Rengifo Marco , López-Tobar Rolando
Published: July 2020

Araceae en Ecuador tiene gran endemismo. Seestima que en las estribaciones occidentales de LosAndes, se podrían encontrar especies que desapareceríanantes de ser descritas. De acuerdo a la UICN, el altoporcentaje de este endemismo se encuentra bajoalguna categoría de amenaza. El objetivo es evaluarla diversidad y ecología de la familia Araceae, comopotencial para complementar políticas de conservaciónde los bosques de esta región. La investigación se larealizó en: 1. Bosque de Sarapullo, 2. Bosque de laComunidad Tsáchila Peripa y, 3. Bosque Protector LaPerla. Se implementaron 10 transectos de 50x2 m encada sector. Los resultados muestran que la abundanciade especies fue similar entre Sarapullo y La Perla, peroen el Sector Peripa fue inferior a las dos, cabe anotarque este sector, ha sido sometido a extracción selectivapor parte de la comunidad Tsáchila, aunque aquí sepresentó la mayor diversidad. Existe mayor similitudentre Peripa y La Perla que podría ser debido a quese encuentran cercanas geográfica y altitudinalmente,mientras que entre los pares Sarapullo-Peripa ySarapullo-La Perla la similitud fue menor debido a lagran diferencia en estas dos variables. Algo similarocurre con las especies compartidas entre Peripa y LaPerla que es mayor comparando cualquiera de ellas conSarapullo. Los géneros de hábitos hemiepífitos y epífitosse presentan en mayor porcentaje frente a los génerosde hábitos terrestres, probablemente los fustes brindanmayor garantía de supervivencia. Adicionalmente seencontraron 8 especies endémicas compartidas entre lostres sectores y 3 especies nuevas aún por confirmar. Lascolecciones botánicas, reposan en Herbarios de Ecuadory de Estados Unidos.
Variasi Komposisi Eluen pada Isolasi Steroid dan Triterpenoid Alga Merah Eucheuma cottonii dengan Kromatografi Kolom Basah
Authors: Madjid Armeida Dwi Ridhowati , Rahmawati Dwi Anik , Fasya Ahmad Ghanaim
Published: July 2020

Steroid and triterpenoid compounds in petroleum ether fractions of red algae Eucheuma cottonii were isolated by slurry column chromatography. Isolation was started with maceration extraction using methanol solvent. The methanol extract was hydrolyzed with HCl 2 N and partitioned using petroleum ether solvent. The presence of steroid and triterpenoid was determined by phytochemical test using Lieberman Burchard reagent. Petroleum ether fraction was separated by slurry column chromatography with the variation of eluent composition n-hexane: ethyl acetate 16:4; 17:3; 18:2. The isolates were monitored by analytical thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and the best result was identified using FTIR. Percent yields of methanol extract and petroleum ether fraction were 11.866% and 8.03%, respectively. The optimum eluent composition in column chromatography for separation was n-hexane : ethyl acetate (18:2) obtained 2 steroid and 3 triterpenoid fractions. FTIR analysis gives information about functional groups of –OH, C=C, C-O, CH2, -C(CH3)2forsteroids and functional groups of –OH, C=O, C=C, CH2, -C(CH3)2 for triterpenoid.Keywords: Eucheuma cottonii, column chromatography, steroid, triterpenoid, variation of eluent composition  Senyawa steroid dan triterpenoid dalam fraksi petroleum eter alga merah Eucheuma cottonii telah diisolasi menggunakan kromatografi kolom basah. Isolasi dilakukan dengan cara ekstraksi maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol. Ekstrak pekat metanol dihidrolisis dengan HCl 2 N dan dipartisi menggunakan pelarut petroleum eter. Senyawa steroid dan triterpenoid diuji fitokimia menggunakan reagen Lieberman Burchard. Fraksi petroleum eter dipisahkan menggunakan kromatografi kolom basah variasi komposisi eluen n-heksana:etil asetat dengan perbandingan 16:4; 17:3; dan 18:2. Hasil isolasi dimonitoring menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) analitik. Hasil monitoring yang terbaik diidentifikasi gugus fungsinya menggunakan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen ekstrak metanol dan fraksi petroleum eter masing-masing sebesar 11,866% dan 8,03%. Pemisahan kolom dengan variasi komposisi eluen n-heksana:etil asetat terbaik adalah 18:2 dengan diperoleh 2 kelompok fraksi steroid dan 3 kelompok fraksi triterpenoid. Hasil analisis FTIR pada isolat steroid memberikan informasi gugus –OH, C=C, C-O, CH2, -C(CH3)2, sedangkan isolat triterpenoid memberikan informasi gugus –OH, C=O, C=C, CH2,-C(CH3)2. Gugus gem dimetil (-C(CH3)2)merupakan ciri khas rantai samping steroid ataupun triterpenoid.Kata kunci: Eucheuma cottonii, kromatografi kolom, steroid, triterpenoid, variasi komposisi eluen
Ruchy społeczne: między demokratyczną różnicą a populizmem
Authors: Żukowski Alan
Published: July 2020

Głównym celem artykułu jest analiza ruchów społecznych jako istotnego aspektu społeczeństwa zaangażowanego politycznie. Podstawą naukowej refleksji będzie płaszczyzna między demokratyczną różnicą a populizmem. Artykuł składa się z czterech części. Pierwsza wskazuje na podstawową rolę derridańskiej demokracji w kontekście pozycji ruchów społecznych. Druga rekonstruuje pojęcie demokratycznej różnicy jako sposobu decydowania o sporności w ramach społeczeństwa. Następnie podjęto zagadnienie kształtowania ruchów społecznych. Granice prawa i bieżącej polityki zostają tu poddane rekonstrukcji. W ostatniej części opracowy-wane ramy teoretyczne zostaną wykorzystane do analizy studium Ogólnopolskiego Strajku Kobiet oraz Młodzieżowego Strajku Klimatycznego. Dążenie ruchów społecznych do zmiany prawa pozwala na wyjaśnienie zjawiska populizmu, które łączy konflikt polityczny z emancypacją praw człowieka.
Teorie spiskowe jako populistyczne narzędzie w represji grup marginalizowanych
Authors: Kańska Agnieszka
Published: July 2020

Celem niniejszej pracy jest zbadanie roli teorii spiskowych w populizmie, szczegól-nie w zakresie, w jakim wzmacniają one ksenofobiczny przekaz niektórych liderów populistycz-nych. Choć w literaturze teorie spiskowe są wiązane z tym zjawiskiem politycznym od stosunkowo niedawna, znane są przypadki historyczne, w których zostały z sukcesem użyte jako element populistycznej strategii politycznej. Najpierw badane są przyczyny współwystępowania teorii spi-skowych i populizmu. Dalej wykazane zostaje, że wzajemne oddziaływanie obu zjawisk wzmacnia przekaz populistyczny. Efektywność populistycznych teorii spiskowych jest następnie umieszcza-na w kontekście praw człowieka. Wreszcie, aby zilustrować omówione mechanizmy, przedstawio-ny zostaje przypadek lawendowej paniki.
Professional sexual abuse in mental health services: Capturing practitioner views of a contemporary corruption of care
Authors: Melville-Wiseman Janet
Published: July 2020

This paper focuses on practitioner views of professional sexual abuse in mental health services in the UK. In spite of high profile cases, and changes to the law and regulation of mental health professionals in recent years, it remains a significant problem. It also presents particular challenges for colleagues and managers of services when incidents are reported or come to light through everyday practice. To date it has received little attention in research other than from within psychological therapies. This study seeks to provide a counter balance to those approaches by taking a social inequalities perspective and focusing on systemic and institutional dimensions. It draws comparisons with Wardaugh and Wilding’s (1993) theory of the ‘corruption of care’ and argues that even when mental health care is provided in the community it can still become corrupted. The paper presents the findings of a small scale study of practitioner perspectives on the subject. The findings tentatively suggest that the problem is endemic but hidden by ineffective management responses. It argues for new approaches to selection, training and support for professionals that include counter intuitive approaches to policing colleagues and institutional cultures.
Systematic and just: The use of a systematic review methodology in social work research
Authors: Kelly Emma
Published: July 2020

This discussion paper is based on my experiences with the Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE) on a 12 day placement as part of the Research Development Initiative 4 (RDI4) program. Claims and counter claims are made about the appropriateness of a systematic review methodology in social work. These debates pivot around understandings of knowledge creation, function and ownership in social work and what constitutes evidence. This paper considers the contribution systematic review methodology can make to social work research. The SCIE systematic review is considered within the context of broader review types such as literature and narrative reviews. The review methodology developed by SCIE is promoted because of its explicit inclusion of service user and carer evidence. Systematic review methodology also offers social work researchers the opportunity to scrutinise their searching technique and process. A detailed examination of some obstacles in searching highlights the potential for error and bias. Frequently these are introduced unintentionally through a less than rigorous search of literature. It is hoped that an awareness of the pitfalls of literature searching will lead to greater transparency about claims made based on ‘available knowledge’. Social work has a specific contribution to make to the systematic review methodology as we pioneer ways of including service users and carer experience and knowledge. Systematic reviews are an appropriate methodology for social work and present an opportunity for the profession to raise the profile of alternative but reliable sources of evidence.
A note on ‘image’ methodology for social work qualitative research: Socially inclusive research methods for service users
Authors: Matthews Sarah
Published: July 2020

Abstract: This note offers an analysis of the issues of the social contextual impact of research methodology. Here the author discusses the potential of using ‘image based’ data collection and analysis methods in social work research and in particular focuses on one possible method, ‘rich pictures’. Interest in the use of using image based methods is growing. The author considers the literature which underpins this approach, focussing on the challenges this might bring at all stages of the research process and offers a critique of the ethical and practical dilemmas involved. It will be suggested that such methods have the potential to shift the often criticised power imbalance in all research, including social work research. The author will discuss if this supplementary methodology might increase the ability of service users to participate in research. In this respect, it empathizes with service users who might prefer a non-verbal approach to research inquiry, with more of a range of responsiveness to researchers’ question. This note will argue for moving beyond only words in open-ended interviews by social workers to further explore the experiences of service users. As such its use may also be more in accord with the social work values of social justice.
Partnership working between young carers project and social services
Authors: Heyman Anna
Published: July 2020

This article draws on in-depth qualitative interviews with ten practitioners who specialise in working with young carers, to examine how members of the emerging profession of ‘young carers’ worker’ view their partnerships with social services. It focuses particularly on one case study area (Town Z), where partnerships between social services and the voluntary sector around young carers were relatively highly developed. It explores the practitioners’ comments about the impact of their organisations’ partnerships with social services on their work. This is done in the context of their conceptualisations of care and family relationships. In particular, the themes of identifying young carers and working with the family as a whole are discussed, and young carers’ workers views are compared to the conceptualisations that come across in literature from both disability studies and social work perspectives. It is concluded that young carers’ workers conceptualisations of care and disability do differ markedly from the perspectives that appear to dominate both social work theory and practice, and that this impacting on how the former view their partnerships with the latter.
‘I once knew a team where all the workers called the manager ‘mother’ Some reflections on supervision within an integrated leadership and management programme
Authors: Ward Jo
Published: July 2020

In 2010, an integrated Leadership, Management and Safeguarding training programme for adult and children’s services managers was created by a group of local authorities and a local university. Following Lord Laming (Department of Health, 2003 and Laming, 2009), the emerging reports of Munro (2010) and the Social Work Task Force (Department for Children, Schools and Families, 2009) called for increased emphasis on supervision as a key mechanism for safeguarding children, and by implication, adults. Therefore on this course two different means for candidates to address issues of supervision and explore their practice were included: a discussion board, and a critical friend exercise using video. A feature of the programme was the learning and understanding which developed from adults and children’s sectors learning together. The work on supervision provided a shared space in which all could participate. Feedback indicates that the two methods were both valued in different ways for the opportunity they provided for exploring supervision and enhancing reflective practice. This article is a reflection by one of the course tutors on the methods used and the value of both adult and children’s services managers participating together.
In the Loop
Authors: Kearney Jeremy
Published: July 2020

The question of how to protect children from non-accidental harm has dominated child welfare discourse in England since the death of Maria Colwell in 1973. For over 40 years, the history of child care policy and in particular, child protection policy has been the history of the policymakers’ responses to particular tragedies and scandals. The Munro Review of Child Protection (2011) is the most recent attempt to introduce major changes into the child protection system. This paper focuses on two particular aspects of the Review. Firstly, it examines how it constructs the meaning of ‘child protection’, as this is not clearly defined by the review. Secondly, the use of systems theory as the analytical framework is examined and some limitations of its focus on the organisational level of context are discussed. It is suggested that these two issues are interrelated and act to limit the possibilities of fundamental change in the child protection system. Drawing on the work of communication theorist, Gregory Bateson, and conceptual and practical developments within the Coordinated Management of Meaning (CMM) approach, it is argued that social workers are required to operate simultaneously within multiple, and often incompatible, contexts. For radical change to take place in the child protection system, the utopian bias that the system should prevent all non-accidental deaths needs to be abandoned.
‘Being a useful puppet’ A study of municipal medication-assisted rehabilitation in Norway
Authors: Pettersen Kaare Torgny , Fineide Mona Jerndahl , Dahl Ulf
Published: July 2020

The issue addressed by this study is informed by the experiences of employees in community services in medication-assisted rehabilitation (MAR) in relation to current practices. The study was carried out in a Norwegian municipality with 53,000 inhabitants. An electronic questionnaire with multiple choice answers and options for freetext responses was issued to 11 municipal employees and 13 general practitioners (GPs). The municipal employees perceive the current MAR system as deficient. The diversity of the patients gives rise to great variation in professional experience. Cooperation and follow-up is to a very great extent dependent on the individual concerned. The respondents also state that the medical aspect of MAR work has become overly predominant, and call for a more systematic approach to improve common professional understanding, division of responsibility and coordination. The material suggests that each general practitioner attends to too few MAR patients to be able to accumulate sufficient expertise in treatment and care pathways. Current practice, where general practitioners often feel themselves as ‘being useful puppets in the MAR system’, is regarded with relatively high dissatisfaction. Respondents in this Norwegian study assert the need to consider a more centralised form of organisation releasing general practitioners from MAR responsibility. In the analysis, the focus was on how municipal employees and general practitioners interpret MAR. This lead to various reflections and issues of concern arising out of the materials obtained.
The National Troubled Families Programme
Authors: Louise Casey CB
Published: July 2020

This article describes the Government’s Troubled Families national programme setting out its aims to ‘turn around’ 120,000 families who have multiple problems. The eligibility criteria for the programme cover families involved in youth crime or anti-social behaviour; having children who are regularly truanting or not in school; an adult on out-of-work benefits, or otherwise are of high costs to the local authority. However for most of these families, such problems are elements in a complex picture where many other issues are at play. A representation is depicted of families who have multiple problems where there is no ‘single stand-out’ root cause. A holistic approach has evolved towards family intervention as it is claimed that to date problems have been treated in isolation resulting in services lacking a systematic approach. Some of the thinking behind this programme is laid out as are proffered solutions. Usually the Troubled Families approach employs one worker or team taking responsibility to enable a process of engagement to secure rapport, trust and participation in an agency intervention, introducing stability and consistency into the family home. The programme is to be expanded beyond 2015 to work with a larger number of families over a five-year period.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: A disability in need of social work education, knowledge and practice
Authors: Badry Dorothy , Choate Peter
Published: July 2020

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a non-diagnostic umbrella term that describes a range of effects that can occur as a result of a mother consuming alcohol during pregnancy (SAMSHA, 2014). Awareness of the need for professionals to become educated on FASD has emerged as a critical topic in the field of social work and child welfare practice specifically. The social work practice response to children and families, in order to be effective, must develop and emerge from an FASD Informed Practice lens – which implies particular knowledge and competencies in practice. This article will highlight the need to recognize FASD as a disabling condition and identify why training and knowledge is essential in order to work effectively with children and families. Further, an educational pathway to FASD informed practice in relation to a broad array of interventions and enabling/supportive approaches relevant to social work theory will be identified. The focus of this paper is to identifying why knowledge and education on FASD is important to social work practice.
Confinement, community, citizenship
Authors: Espiner Deborah , Hartnett Frances
Published: July 2020

This article applies the social model of disability (Oliver 1996) and the theory of social role valorisation (Wolfensberger 1998a) to the life experiences as told in the words of a man who experienced being institutionalised at 17 years of age. A focussed conversation (Stanfield 2000) was used to support the man to retell some of the challenges, achievements and satisfactions he wished to share. This story outlines how he utilised his experiences to transform his life and advocate for people with learning disabilities to be treated fairly. Today he is a member on a number of Boards, striving to ensure that people with learning disabilities receive the service and support they desire.
The notion of citizenship for people with intellectual disabilities in the UK: A life of their own
Authors: Lawrence Julie A , Brook Linzi
Published: July 2020

In this paper important issues, which involved vulnerable adults with Intellectual disabilities in transition from one rural location to another urban location, in England (UK) during 2014 are discussed. The notion of citizenship is discussed in relation to service users who had intellectual disabilities. This was originally embedded within the policy document Valuing People (DH, 2001). The use of a Total Communication approach by a Social Worker is also discussed, underpinned by the Human Rights framework and tenets of the Mental Capacity Act 2005. The outcomes from the transition process are highlighted, alongside the necessity to ensure that vulnerable adults are protected from abusive situations whilst living out their lives.
Editorial: Austerity and some contemporary challenges for professionalism
Authors: Malin Nigel
Published: July 2020

The early post cold-war consensus - that bourgeois democracy has solved the riddle of history and a global capitalist economy will usher in worldwide prosperity and peace - lies in tatters; but no plausible alternatives of political and economic organization are in sight (Mishra, 2013). Globalisation has everywhere rapidly weakened older forms of authority. ‘Conservatives’ institute revolutionary free-market ‘reforms’; meanwhile technocrats slash employment and welfare benefits, and immiserate entire societies and generations. Both main UK political parties - Conservative and Labour - advocate continued austerity, albeit for the latter it has been defined as ‘austerity-lite’, with a mainstream position arguing for a slower reduction of debt, involving some combinations of spending and tax adjustments that would depend on the growth of the economy and tax revenues. This position however has proved to be not uncomfortable with people becoming very rich – putting the blame for the crash and the economic pressure for a recovery from the crash, on labour rather than the greed, avarice and shady practices of capital.