bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE LABORATORY OF MAGMATISM AND METAMORPHISM
Authors: Ковалев С.Г. , Рахимов И.Р. , Тимофеева Е.А.
Published: August 2024

В статье описана история возникновения и деятельность лаборатории магматизма и метаморфизма Института геологии УФИЦ РАН. В ретроспективе показано изменение структуры лаборатории и кадрового состава. В кратком виде приводятся главные направления проводимых исследований и основные результаты, полученные за время существования лаборатории. Показано, что в лаборатории работают две научные группы, руководимые доктором геолого-минералогических наук С.Г. Ковалевым и доктором геолого-минералогических наук Д.Н. Салиховым. Первая группа занимается изучением геологии, минералогии, петрологии, геохимии и оруденения нео-мезопротерозойских магматических и метаморфических формаций Южного Урала. Вторая группа занимается изучением геологии, петрологии, геохимии и оруденения палеозойских магматических комплексов Южного Урала.

The article describes the history and activities of the Laboratory of Magmatism and Metamorphism at the Institute of Geology, UFIC RAS. In retrospect, changes in the structure of the laboratory and staffi ng are shown. The main directions of the research and the main results obtained during the existence of the laboratory are given in a brief form. It is shown that the laboratory has two scientifi c groups led by Doctor of Geological-Mineralogical Sciences S.G. Kovalev and Doctor of Geological-Mineralogical Sciences D.N. Salikhov. The fi rst group studies the geology, mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry and mineralization of the Neo-Mesoproterozoic magmatic and metamorphic formations of the Southern Urals. The second group studies the geology, petrology, geochemistry and mineralization of the Paleozoic magmatic complexes of the Southern Urals.
THE REASONS FOR THE MASSIVE POLITICAL REPRESSIONS AGAINST THE ENGINEERING AND DESIGN PERSONNEL IN THE AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY OF THE USSR IN 1937
Authors: Мухин М.Ю.
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена изучению основных факторов, обусловивших массовые репрессии против инженеров в советской авиапромышленности во второй половине 1930-х годов. Автор приходит к выводу, что в основе этих событий лежал целый комплекс причин, ведущую роль в котором играли интеллегентофобия значительной части советского истеблишмента, неприязнь к техническим специалистам «прошлого режима» со стороны немалого количества рабочих, а также особенности венчурного инвестирования в стране, не обладавшей для этого необходимыми финансовыми ресурсами.

The article is devoted to the study of the main factors that led to mass repressions against engineers in the Soviet aviation industry in the second half of the 1930s. The author comes to the conclusion that these events were based on a whole complex of reasons, the leading role in which was played by the intellectual phobia of a signifi cant part of the Soviet establishment, hostility to the technical specialists of the “past regime” from a considerable number of workers, as well as the peculiarities of venture capital in a country that did not have the necessary financial resources for this.
THE FIRST LABORATORY OF A CHROMATOGRAPHY IN THE USSR. HISTORY OF CREATION AND THE MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS OF LABORATORY AND ITS ROLE IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL ON CHROMATOGRAPHY OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES USSR
Authors: Рыбакова Е.В. , Сенченкова Е.М.
Published: August 2024

Представлена история создания первой лаборатории хроматографии в СССР. Идея создания лаборатории принадлежит выдающемуся ученому Е.Н. Гапону. Диссертация Т.Б. Гапон «Хроматографический анализ катионов на пермутите» – была первой в стране, посвященной этому методу. Лаборатория хроматографии при Институте физической химии АН СССР (ИФХ) начала работу в 1950 году, ее возглавил К.В. Чмутов, он и Т.Б. Гапон стали первыми ее сотрудниками. В 1953 году была образована Государственная комиссия по хроматографии, а с 1964 г. Научный совет АН СССР по хроматографии. Председателем был К.В. Чмутов, Т.Б. Гапон выполняла обязанности ученого секретаря. Отражена история научного совета АН СССР по хроматографии, тесно связанная с историей лаборатории, а с 1974 г. отдела хроматографии ИФХ. Оценен вклад научного совета в развитие хроматографии и хроматографического приборостроения в СССР.

The history of the creation of the first chromatography laboratory in the USSR is presented. The idea of creation of laboratory of a chromatography belongs to the outstanding scientist, Evgeny Gapon. Tatiana’s Gapon dissertation "the chromatography analysis of cations on a permutit" – was the country’s first, devoted to this method. The laboratory of a chromatography at Institute of physical chemistry of Academy of Sciences USSR (IPC) has begun work in 1950, it was headed by K.V. Chmutov, and T.B. Gapon became the first employee. In 1953 the State commission on a chromatography has been formed, and since 1964 the Scientifi c Council on Chromatography of the AS USSR. The chairman was K.V. Chmutov, and T.B. Gapon fulfi lled duties of the scientific secretary. The history of the scientific council on chromatography of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, closely related to the history of the laboratory, and since 1974, the chromatography department of the IPC, is reflected. The contribution of the scientific council to the development of chromatography and chromatography instrumentation in the USSR was evaluated.
"Overcoat" by N.V. Gogol. Two interpretation of one of the plot
Authors: Бакши Л.С.
Published: August 2024

На примере двух работ композитора Александра Бакши по повести Н.В. Гоголя «Шинель», созданных в соавторстве с режиссером Валерием Фокиным («Шинель» в театре «Современник») и режиссером анимационного кино Юрием Норштейном («Диалог с Юрием Норштейном о гоголевской “Шинели”»), рассматриваются разные типы музыкально-сценической драматургии. В контексте интенсивного обновления театрального искусства конца ХХ – начала ХХI столетий эти работы показательны поиском новых соотношений визуального, вербального и музыкального.

In article are considered different types of musical and scenic dramatic art on the example of two works of the composer Alexander Baksha on the story by N.V. Gogol "Overcoat" which are created in collaboration with the director Valery Fokin ("Overcoat" in Sovremennik theater) and the director of animation cinema Yury Norstein ("Dialogue with Yury Norstein about Gogol «Overcoat»"). In the context of intensive updating of theater of the end XX – the beginning of the XXI centuries, in these works search of new ratios visual, verbal and musical is noticeable.
M.I. Glinka`s Petersburg mummery
Authors: Фролов С.В.
Published: August 2024

Великий русский композитор М.И. Глинка был воспитан Петербургом, находился с ним в постоянном диалоге, благодаря чему он сам и его творчество стало олицетворением так называемого «Петербургского текста» русской культуры. Представления об этом тексте выстраиваются по аналогии с выведенной В.Н. Топоровым концепцией «Петербургского текста русской литературы». Важнейшим проявлением данного «текста» выступает его повышенная театральность, склонность к лицедейству, доходящему до уровня ерничества. В статье рассматриваются условия формирования лицедейства во время обучения Глинки в Благородном пансионе и формы выражения модуса лицедейства в жизни, в особенности в виде воспроизведения модели лицедейства его пансионского наставника И.Е. Колмакова, в театральных розыгрышах в среде петербургского светской молодежи, компании кукольниковской «братии» и, наконец, в демонстративных эпатажах его последних дней жизни. В качестве иллюстрации к этим формам указываются примеры из современных Глинке карикатур художника Н.А. Степанова. В статье также затрагивается вопрос и об отражении лицедейской игры в его сочинениях: операх «Жизнь за Царя» и «Руслан и Людмила», в «Камаринской», вокальном цикле «Прощание с Петербургом».

The great Russian composer M.I. Glinka was raised by Petersburg, was with him in constant dialogue, thanks to which he and his work became the personifi cation of the so-called "Petersburg text" of Russian culture. Representations about this text are built by analogy with the concept of the "Petersburg text of Russian literature, derived by V.N. Toporov. The most important manifestation of this "text" is his increased theatricality, his propensity for acting, which reaches the level of ernicism. The article discusses the conditions for the formation of hypocrisy by Glinka during training in the Noble Boarding School and the forms of manifestations of the modus operandi in life, especially in the form of imitation of the model of the acting of his boarding instructor I.E. Kolmakov, in theatrical rallies among Petersburg's secular youth, in the company of the Kukolnikovs "Brethren" and, fi nally, in the demonstrative epatage of the last days of life. As an illustration to these forms, examples from contemporary Glinka cartoons by N.A. Stepanov are indicated. At the same time, the issue of the refl ection of the lucre in such works as the operas "Life for the Tsar", "Ruslan and Lyudmila", in the "Kamarinskaya", in the vocal cycle "Farewell to St. Petersburg" is also touched upon.
American minimal music and the art of crossovers: parallels and interactions
Authors: Кром А.Е.
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме взаимодействия искусства кроссоверов и американского музыкального минимализма, отличающихся симбиотической природой и свободным пересечением границ между академическими и массовыми жанрами. Диффузный характер минимализма позволяет вписать его в широкое пространство творчества кроссоверов. Музыканты успешно синтезировали явления, ранее казавшиеся несоединимыми: экспериментальное искусство авангарда, джаз и рок-музыку. Минимализм органично существовал и в контексте клубной культуры 1960–1970-х годов, и в рамках высокого авангарда, был востребован как интеллектуальной аудиторией, так и широкой публикой. Минималистские приемы письма – фазовый сдвиг, дилэй, сэмплирование – прочно вошли в технический арсенал современного академического и массового искусства. О плодотворном взаимодействии минимализма с движением кроссоверов свидетельствует дальнейшая судьба направления и его выдающихся представителей (Райх, Гласс).

The article is devoted to the problem of interaction of the art of crossovers and American minimal musical, characterized by symbiotic nature and free crossing of borders between academic and mass genres. The diffuse nature of minimalism allows it to fit into the wide space of creativity of crossovers. Musicians have just as successfully synthesized phenomena that previously seemed incompatible: experimental avantgarde art, jazz and rock music. Minimalism organically existed in the context of the club culture of the 1960–1970s, and within the framework of the high avantgarde, it was claimed by both the intellectual audience and the general public. Minimalist writing techniques – phase shift technique, tape-delay, sampling – have become fi rmly established in the technical arsenal of modern academic and mass art. The fruitful interaction of minimalism with the movement of crossovers is indicated by the further fate of the direction and its prominent representatives (Reich, Glass).
Domestic music of the early XX century – the verge of grotesque
Authors: Демченко А.И.
Published: August 2024

Многообразие содержательно-стилевой панорамы отечественной музыки начала ХХ века одним из своих ракурсов проявилось в небывалом дотоле развертывании ресурсов художественного гротеска. Корни рассматриваемого феномена обнаруживаются в художественном критицизме рубежа XIX–XX веков, отдельные штрихи которого намечаются в 1890-е годы (в том числе в творчестве Чайковского и Римского-Корсакова), а затем, в 1900-е, последовало его исключительно бурное развитие, по своим масштабам и результатам беспрецедентное как для отечественного, так и для мирового музыкального искусства. В последующем затем расцвете музыкального критицизма 1910-х годов основное русло гротеска было связано с раскрытием его качественно новых ресурсов, а вклад был сделан в произведениях Стравинского и Прокофьева. Причем в радикализме установок, в деформирующей сущности, в немилосердности и разрушительной направленности гротеск не раз смыкался с проявлениями агрессивности (характерный пример – фортепианный цикл Прокофьева «Сарказмы»). Гротескная образность в том ее виде, который был характерен для начала XX столетия, прошла завершающую стадию своего развития в 1920-е годы, получив концентрированное выражение в опере Шостакович «Нос».

The diversity of the content-style panorama of Russian music of the early XX century, one of its angles was manifested in the unprecedented deployment of resources of artistic grotesque. The roots of this phenomenon are found in the artistic criticism of the turn of the XIX–XX centuries, some strokes of which are outlined in the 1890s (including the works of Tchaikovsky and Rimsky-Korsakov), and then, in the 1900s, followed by its extremely rapid development, in its scale and results unprecedented for both domestic and world music art. In the subsequent flourishing of the musical criticism of the 1910s, the main course of the grotesque was connected with the discovery of its qualitatively new resources, and the main contribution was made in the works of Stravinsky and Prokofiev. Moreover, the radicalism of the plants, deforming entity, amylacetate and destructive orientation of the grotesque is not just meshed with aggression (a typical example is a piano cycle of Prokofiev «Sarcasms»). Grotesque imagery in its form, which was characteristic of the beginning of the XX century, passed the final stage of its development in the 1920s, receiving a concentrated expression in Shostakovich's opera the «Nose».
Tishchenko and Shostakovich: the Crossroads of Destinies, on a Common Symphonic Path
Authors: Серов Ю.Э.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматривается симфоническое творчество Б. Тищенко в контексте влияния на него личности, композиторского стиля и языка Д. Шостаковича. Тищенко был учеником мастера, ученичество переросло в многолетнюю дружбу. Тищенко неоднократно признавался в следовании по симфоническому пути Шостаковича. В статье разбираются отдельные, наиболее существенные моменты человеческого и музыкантского общения двух композиторов, затрагиваются вопросы преемничества и взаимопроникновения художественных идей. Б. Тищенко всю жизнь находился с Шостаковичем в диалоге, рассматривая свои произведения сквозь призму созданного учителем. Именно Тищенко, добровольно взявший на себя бремя наследования симфонических традиций Шостаковича, наиболее полно и органично воплотил в творчестве самые существенные художественные принципы наставника и старшего друга.

The article examines the symphonic works of B. Tishchenko in the context of the influence of the personality, composer style and language of D. Shostakovich on him. Tishchenko was a student of the Master, the apprenticeship grew into a longterm friendship. Tishchenko has repeatedly admitted to following Shostakovich's symphonic path, the study examines the individual, most significant aspects of human and musician communication between the two composers, touches upon the issues of succession and interpenetration of artistic ideas. Tishchenko’s connections with Shostakovich are not always on the surface, but the more we listen to his symphonic work, the more we feel them. Tishchenko spent his whole life in dialogue with the Master, examining his works through the prism of what was created by the teacher. It was Tishchenko, who voluntarily assumed the burden of inheriting Shostakovich’s symphonic traditions, who most fully and organically embod-ied in his work the most essential, root artistic principles of his teacher and elder friend.
VISUALIZATION OF THE TEMPERATURE FIELD IN THE MODELING OF PLATE HEAT EXCHANGE ELEMENTS
Authors: ВЕРБАНОВ И.С.
Published: August 2024

Характеристики пластинчатого теплообменного аппарата зависят от локальных свойств течения в ячейках межпластинного пространства. Задача экспериментальных исследований характеристик пластинчатых тепло-обменных поверхностей является получение критериальных зависимостей для конкретного типа поверхностей, а так же проверка методик CFD расчёта. Верификация CFD расчёта на модельном эксперименте позволяет в дальнейшем использовать численные методы для наработки баз данных критериальных зависимостей для различных геометрий элементарных ячеек теплообменных поверхностей. Пластинчатые теплообменные поверхности, интенсифицирующие теплообмен, характеризуются разнообразием локальных геометрических параметров, например, формой выступов - от гофров изменяемой геометрии до локальных выштамповок. Омический нагрев постоянным током позволяет управляемо задавать тепловой поток на теплообменной поверхности. В работе представлена методика визуализации распределения температуры на поверхности электро-обогреваемого охлаждаемого потоком теплообменного конверта с помощью термохромотических жидких кристаллов (ТЖК) и тепловизора, описан способ точной тарировки ТЖК в условиях эксперимента.

The characteristics of the plate heat exchanger depend on the local properties of the flow in the cells of the space between the plates. The task of experimental studies of the characteristics of the plate heat exchange surfaces is to obtain criteria for a particular type of surfaces, as well as verifi cation of CFD calculation methods. Verifi cation of CFD calculation on the model experiment allows further use of numerical methods for the development of databases of criterion dependences for different geometries of elementary cells of heat exchange surfaces. Plate heat exchange surfaces that intensify heat exchange are characterized by a variety of local geometric parameters, for example, the shape of projections - from corrugations of variable geometry to local bulges of stamping. Ohmic heating by direct current allows you to control the heat fl ow on the heat exchange surface. The paper presents a technique for visualizing the temperature distribution on the surface of an electrically heated heat exchange envelope using thermochromotic liquid crystals (TLC) and a thermographic camera, and describes a method for accurate calibration of TLC under experimental conditions.
METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE EVENNESS OF PAVEMENTS FOR RUNWAYS OF CIVIL AVIATION AERODROMES
Authors: БОГОЯВЛЕНСКИЙ А.А.
Published: August 2024

В докладе рассмотрены методы оценки ровности искусственных покрытий взлетно-посадочных полос аэродромов гражданской авиации, а также вопросы их метрологического обеспечения и обеспечения единства измерений.

The report discusses methods for assessing the evenness artificial of coating runways of civil aviation airfields, as well as issues of their metrological support and ensuring the unity of measurements.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT MEASUREMENT-INFORMATION AND MANAGE COMPLEX FOR THE HALFNATURAL MODELING OF AIRCRAFT FLIGHT
Authors: ЕГОРОВ А.А.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматривается процесс разработки измерительно-информационного и управляющего комплекса (ИИУК) для полунатурного моделирования полета летательного аппарата на основе применения оборудования фирмы National Instruments. Приведены схема взаимодействия ИИУК с исследуемым объектом и алгоритм расчета силового воздействия. Описана структура программного обеспечения, обеспечивающего проведение стендовых испытаний объекта в задаче полунатурного моделирования полета летательного аппарата.

The article considered process of development measurement-information and manage complex (MIMC) for the half-natural modeling of aircraft flight based on the equipment of National Instruments. There are presents the scheme for interaction MIMC with the investigated object and algorithm for calculating the force action. There are describes the software structure, providing bench testing facility in the task of the half-natural modeling of aircraft flight.
COMBINED VECTORS AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
Authors: ПОПОВ И.П.
Published: August 2024

Противоречия электродинамики, в частности, нарушение третьего закона Ньютона порождаются ограниченностью средств векторной алгебры. Введение в рассмотрение скрытых и комбинированных векторов и операций с ними позволяет построить непротиворечивую теорию электромагнитных взаимодействий, ключевыми элементами которой являются магнитные монополь и заряд.

The contradictions of electrodynamics, in particular, the violation of Newton’s third law, are generated by the limited means of vector algebra. Introduction to the consideration of hidden and combined vectors and operations with them allows us to construct a consistent theory of electromagnetic interactions, the key elements of which are magnetic monopole and charge.
Software implementation research of cyclic error-correcting codes decoders for burst errors with resources deficiency
Authors: МЫЦКО Е.А. , МАЛЬЧУКОВ А.Н. , ИВАНОВ С.Д.
Published: August 2024

В работе представлены программные реализации на микроконтроллере методов декодирования циклических помехоустойчивых кодов, исправляющих пакетные ошибки. Поставлена задача по обеспечению целостности и надежности передаваемых команд в системе синхронизации установки Токамак КТМ. Приведены схемы алгоритма кодирования информации, а также схемы программных реализаций табличного и циклического методов декодирования. Поставлен эксперимент на микроконтроллере по декодированию циклического помехоустойчивого кода (15,8,3), исправляющего пакеты ошибок длиной до 3-х бит табличным и циклическим методами, по результатам которого сформулированы рекомендации по применению реализаций для обеспечения целостности передаваемых команд. Установлено, что при наличии доступной памяти объемом 128 байт для хранения шаблонов ошибок, табличный метод декодирования является наиболее приемлемым для реализации на микроконтроллерах. При реализации на микроконтроллерах циклический метод декодирования, с проверкой расстояния между единицами остатка, целесообразно применять при отсутствии возможности хранить предвычисленные значения в памяти PROM.

The paper presents software implementations on microcontrollers of methods for decoding cyclic error-correcting codes for burst errors. The task was set to provide the integrity and reliability of the transferred commands to the Tokamak KTM synchronization system. The schemes of the algorithm for encoding information as well as schemes of software implementations of the table and cyclic decoding solution were presented. The experiment on the microcontroller for decoding cyclic error-correcting code (15,8,3) for burst errors with length up to 3 bits using table and cyclic methods resulted in recommendations on the implementation of using methods to ensure the integrity of the transferred commands. It is established that if there is available memory of 128 bytes for storing error patterns the table decoding method is the most acceptable for implementation on microcontrollers. Implementation of cyclic decoding method with the verification of the distance between units is suitable when it is not possible to store the pre-computed values in the PROM memory.
Comparison of Fuzzy Image Processing Methods
Authors: ГРОМОВ Ю.Ю. , КАРАСЕВ П.И. , ТИТОВ М.Ю. , САРИ Ф.А.
Published: August 2024

Сегментация изображения - это процесс, при котором изображение разбивается на области со сходными признаками. Для сегментации изображений было предложено много подходов, но обычно используется метод нечетких C-Средних, поскольку он дает лучшие результаты для большого класса изображений. Однако использование этого метода не подходит для изображений с шумом и является трудоемким процессом по сравнению с другими методами. По этой причине было предложено много других методов для улучшения недостатков сегментации изображений с использованием нечетких C-Средних. Такие методы, как нечеткие C-Средние, преодолевают проблему шума, сохраняющуюся при использовании метода FCM. Нечеткие C-средние вводят концепцию отсутствия членства в кластере. Показано использование возможной кластеризации C-Средних, которая ослабляет ограничение столбца в методе FCM, чтобы матрица принадлежности лучше бы отражала типичность конкретной точки данных в кластере и можно было бы избежать шума. Проводится сравнение этих методов кластеризации на основе времени выполнения и функции достоверности для каждого метода, применяемого к различным видам рассматриваемых изображений.

Image segmentation is the process by which an image is divided into areas with similar features. Many approaches have been proposed for image segmentation, but the fuzzy C-Means method is commonly used because it gives better results for a large class of images. However, using this method is not suitable for images with noise and is laborious compared to other methods. For this reason, many other methods have been proposed to improve the disadvantages of image segmentation using fuzzy C-Means. Techniques such as fuzzy C-Means overcome the noise problem that persists with the FCM method. Fuzzy C-means introduces the concept of no cluster membership. The use of possible C-Means clustering is shown, which relaxes the column constraint in the FCM method so that the membership matrix better reflects the typicality of a particular data point in the cluster and noise can be avoided. A comparison is made of these clustering methods based on the runtime and the fidelity function for each method applied to the different types of images in question.
REVOLUTIONARY IN OCTOBER 1917 AND THE FATE OF THE ESTATES OF THE SOUTHERN COAST OF CRIMEA
Authors: Юдина А.А.
Published: August 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются изменения жизненного уклада бывшей дворянской элиты, и отношения новой Советской власти к архитектурным памятникам Крымского полуострова. Целью статьи является отражение наиболее актуальных проблем сохранения архитектурно-парковых богатств бывшей Российской империи, поскольку непонимание историко-культурной значимости многих архитектурных ансамблей становится причиной уничтожения исторических памятников нашего Отечества.

This article examines the changes in the way of life of the former noble elite, and the relationship of the new Soviet government to the architectural monuments of the Crimean peninsula. The purpose of the article is to reflect the most pressing problems of preserving the architectural and park resources of the former Russian Empire, since a lack of understanding of the historical and cultural signifi cance of many architectural ensembles becomes the reason for the destruction of historical monuments of our Fatherland.
PATRIOTIC ROLE OF THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH: HISTORICAL DIGRESSION
Authors: Першина Ю.В. , Ерёмина Т.Ю.
Published: August 2024

Русская Православная Церковь в истории Российского государства сыграла существенную роль. Основой патриотической позиции Церкви стало христианское учение о войне и воинском долге. Русская Православная Церковь выступала с позиции борьбы с внешним врагом (монгольское завоевание и владычество над Русью, польско-шведская интервенция в период Смутного времени, Отечественная война 1812 г., Великая Отечественная война). Русская Православная Церковь является хранителем духовно-нравственных ценностей и культурно-исторического наследия российского общества.

The Russian Orthodox Church in the history of the Russian state played a signifi cant role. The basis of the patriotic position of the Church was the Christian doctrine of war and military duty. The Russian Orthodox Church acted from the position of struggle against the external enemy (Mongol conquest and domination over Russia, Polish-Swedish intervention in the time of Troubles, Patriotic war in 1812, Great Patriotic war). The Russian Orthodox Church is the guardian of the spiritual and moral values and cultural and historical heritage of Russian society.
Return versus hype – Are Islamic metaverse companies more profitable than general ones – A Chinese stock analysis
Authors: Katterbauer Klemens , Syed Hassan , Cleenewerck Laurent , Yılmaz Genç Sema
Published: August 2024

The metaverse, a virtual universe in which individuals and companies can interact, has become of paramount importance in China in recent years. While the metaverses are still in their infancy, there has been a growing interest and influx of capital into these universes. Shariah-compliant corporations have been gradually attracting significant funds from Islamic countries, given the growing strong engagement and trade. Similarly, metaverse corporations have been gaining significant sizes in the Chinese market and have become cornerstones of the investment landscape. For Islamic investors, questions arise whether these new metaverse corporations provide better returns given the massive hype and media attention they have attracted, and whether a portfolio investment into these corporations deliver the benefits promised. The article provides a comparative analysis between Chinese Islamic metaverse and Shariah-compliant enterprises, where all enterprises have either A or H-shares. The performance analysis over a timespan of 10 years demonstrates that the most optimal portfolios have similar expected returns while general Shariah-compliant enterprises provide significantly lower risks as compared to the metaverse ones. This implies that Shariah-compliant enterprises provide significantly more value for the risk they are attributed and are more sustainable.
Chemical Synthesis, Refolding, and Characterization of Mirror-Image Cyclophilin A
Authors: Yesilcimen Ahmet , Gandhesiri Satish , Travaline Tara L. , Callahan Alex J. , Tokareva Olena S. , Loas Andrei , McGee John H. , Pentelute Bradley L.
Published: August 2024

The chemical synthesis of proteins (CSP) has been an essential tool in studying and understanding the role of these biological polymers and enabling the discovery of novel classes of inhibitors. However, CSP with commercially available synthesizers is typically limited to producing polypeptides of about 50 to 70 amino acids in length. Consequently, a wide range of protein targets have been out of reach using these technologies or require cumbersome synthesis and purification of multiple peptide fragments. In this report, we employed a powerful combination of automated flow peptide synthesis (AFPS), native chemical ligation (NCL) techniques, and high-throughput evaluation of refolding conditions to achieve the first chemical synthesis of both the wild-type and mirror-image forms of functional full-length CypA protein, which plays a vital role in proline cis-trans isomerization and other important processes. Functional assays confirmed that the chemically synthesized proteins retained their biological properties.
Univariate Prediction of Hammett Parameters and Select Relative Reaction Rates Using Loewdin Atomic Charges
Authors: Stroscio Gautam , Goldman Nir
Published: August 2024

Loewdin charges from density functional theory calculations have been used here to obtain general, univariate linear correlations for the prediction of experimental Hammett parameters and relative reaction rates. While previous studies have established that Hirshfeld and CM5 charges perform strongly as univariate predictors, the near-ubiquitous Loewdin charges have not yet been evaluated. To this end, we assess the predictive capability of Loewdin charges for three chemical systems. First, we show that Loewdin charges outperform Hirshfeld and CM5 charges for Hammett parameter prediction. Second, we see Loewdin charges generally perform comparably to Hirshfeld charges for predicting the relative rates of olefin cleavage by photoexcited nitroarenes. The single case of poor correlation, between relative rates and the Loewdin charges on nitrogen sites, is ameliorated when considering the net charge on the NO2 group. Third, we show that Loewdin, Hirshfeld, and CM5 charges all perform very well for generating correlations for relative reaction rates for C-H activation of 9-(4-X-phenyl)-9H-fluorene substrates by a transition metal catalyst. The equations generated throughout the study enable the prediction of Hammett parameters and relative reaction rates. These tools can accelerate synthetic and experimental studies by enabling the in silico prediction of uncharacterized chemical properties.
Quinone-Based Acceptor Engineering of Donor-Acceptor Cycloparaphenylenes via Post-Synthesis for Achieving White-Light Emission in Single-Molecule
Authors: Li Xiaonan , Liu Lin , Jia Luyang , Lian Zhe , He Jing , Guo Shengzhu , Wang Ying , Chen Xuebo , Jiang Hua
Published: August 2024

Developing donor-acceptor [n]cycloparaphenylenes (D-A [n]CPPs) with multiple emissions from different emissive states remains challenging yet crucial for achieving white-light emission in single-molecule. Here, we report our exploration into acceptor engineering of quinone-based D-A [10]CPPs (Nq/Aq/Tq[10]CPPs) via a post-lateral annulation using Diels-Alder reactions of oxTh[10]CPP. X-ray analysis revealed that Nq[10]CPP display a side by side packing via naphthoquione stacking while Aq[10]CPP adopts an intercalated conformation through anthraquinone interaction. Fluorescence investigations revealed that the quinone-based [10]CPPs display distinctive acceptor-dependent dual-emission from both the locally excited state and charge transfer state after single-wavelength excitation in organic solvents, consequently leading to multicolor emissions, in particular, white-light emission in CHCl3 for Aq[10]CPP. In THF/water mixture, quinone-based [10]CPPs and oxTh[10]CPP display a wide range of fluorescence emissions including white-light emission as increasing the fraction of water, accompanying by the formation of nanoparticles as demonstrated by Tyndall effect and SEM. Interestingly, the fluorescence of Aq[10]CPP can be switched from white to blue in CHCl3 upon redox. Our investigations demonstrate that acceptor engineering not only endows quinone-based [10]CPPs with two distint emissive states for achieving white-light emission but also highlights an effective post-synthetic strategy for functionlizing CPP nanohoops with disirable property.
Ferroelectric Polarization-Induced Performance Enhancements in BiFeO3-Based Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Gunawan Michael , Bowdler Owen , Zhou Shujie , Fang Xueqing , Zhang Qi , Sakamoto Yasuhiro , Sun Kaiwen , Gunawan Denny , Chang Shery , Amal Rose , Valanoor Nagarajan , Scott Jason , Hart Judy N. , Toe Cui Ying
Published: August 2024

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) processes will play a crucial role in future clean energy systems, however severe charge recombination and sluggish charge transfer kinetics have hindered their practical adoption. Exploiting ferroelectric polarization-controlled charge dynamics promises an additional lever that can potentially enable the performance limits of traditional static photoelectrodes to be surpassed. Here we report one of the most notable ferroelectric polarization-induced photocurrent enhancements, using a heterostructure of the multiferroic bismuth ferrite (BFO) and the photoactive bismuth vanadate (BVO) in a neutral pH electrolyte. In contrast to previous works, we report enhancements for both poling directions, of 136% for down-poled BFO/BVO and of 70% for the up-poled BFO/BVO, at 1.23 VRHE in comparison to the unpoled, delivering a Faradaic efficiency of more than 95% for prolonged oxygen evolution reaction. Extensive PEC and surface analyses complemented by DFT calculations reveal the improvements are attributed to the modulation of gradients in BFO band energies, changes in band-bending and offsets at the interfaces. Given the scalability of the employed sol-gel synthesis method and the use of environmentally benign materials and PEC conditions, our findings pave the way for multifunctional materials as new-generation agile and dynamic catalyst and photoelectrode systems.
Towards reliable oxidation state analysis of tin halide perovskites with XPS
Authors: Azaden Amanz , Bhatt Prajna , Liu Yuhan , Wei Jiewen , Haque Saif , Palgrave Robert
Published: August 2024

Tin is the most promising replacement for lead in hybrid halide perovskite solar absorbers. A disadvantage of tin perovskites is ease of oxidation of Sn(II) hampering optoelectronic performance and long-term stability. Quantification of the extent of Sn oxidation in hybrid halide perovskites is therefore an important indicator of material stability but remains a significant challenge. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) is commonly used to measure Sn chemical environments; we show here that conventional approaches to fitting the Sn 3d spectra from perovskite surfaces can easily lead to erroneous conclusions about the tin oxidation state. We consider several approaches to developing a robust fitting model for Sn 3d spectra. Furthermore, we identify that tin halide perovskite surfaces can be unstable under XPS measurement conditions, and the chemical state of tin will change significantly over typical analysis times. We use correlation analysis to validate our fitting model and identify phases present.
A novel role for CSA in the regulation of nuclear envelope integrity: uncovering a non-canonical function
Authors: Yang Denny , Lai Austin , Davies Amelie , Janssen Anne FJ , Ellis Matthew O , Larrieu Delphine
Published: August 2024

Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a premature ageing condition characterized by microcephaly, growth failure, and neurodegeneration. It is caused by mutations inERCC6orERCC8encoding for Cockayne syndrome B (CSB) and A (CSA) proteins, respectively. CSA and CSB have well-characterized roles in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair, responsible for removing bulky DNA lesions, including those caused by UV irradiation. Here, we report that CSA dysfunction causes defects in the nuclear envelope (NE) integrity. NE dysfunction is characteristic of progeroid disorders caused by a mutation in NE proteins, such as Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome. However, it has never been reported in Cockayne syndrome. We observed CSA dysfunction affected LEMD2 incorporation at the NE and increased actin stress fibers that contributed to enhanced mechanical stress to the NE. Altogether, these led to NE abnormalities associated with the activation of the cGAS/STING pathway. Targeting the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex was sufficient to rescue these phenotypes. This work reveals NE dysfunction in a progeroid syndrome caused by mutations in a DNA damage repair protein, reinforcing the connection between NE deregulation and ageing.
SISTEMA DE ESPAÇOS LIVRES DE USO PÚBLICO DA GRANDE IBES, VILA VELHA-ES
Authors: Andara Ramos Larissa Leticia , Aparecida Netto de Jesus Luciana , Vasconcellos de Almeida Rhaiani , Rangel Ramos Suzany
Published: August 2024

Os sistemas de espaços livres de uso público são essenciais no sistema metabólico das cidades, atuando como catalisadores das relações entre as pessoas e o espaço urbano, contribuindo para a vitalidade e o enriquecimento sociocultural, pois favorecem a integração, o convívio, a troca de experiências, o desenvolvimento de atividades sociais e esportivas. Neles são indispensáveis as áreas verdes, que possuem função ambiental de amenizar o clima e qualificar o meio urbano. Este trabalho apresenta um mapeamento do sistema de espaços livres de uso público do município de Vila Velha -ES, tendo como recorte a Regional Grande Ibes. O mapeamento foi realizado no programa ArcGIS, com base nos dados extraídos do Plano Diretor Municipal, imagens do Google Earth e visitas locais. Como resultado, percebeu-se que a Regional estudada apresenta um número expressivo de espaços livres para prática social, mas escassa manutenção e desequilíbrio na distribuição destes. As áreas de equilíbrio ambiental identificadas são de acesso restrito, localizadas nos limites da Regional, beneficiando somente os bairros vizinhos. Espera-se, com este trabalho, contribuir para intervenções futuras visando reestruturar e ordenar o espaço urbano, em especial o sistema de espaços livres de uso público da cidade de Vila Velha-ES.
A PRODUÇÃO LEITEIRA NO MUNICÍPIO DE ITAPURANGA, GO-2015
Authors: Batista da Silva Edson , Soares Júlio César , Rodrigues Barbosa Danilo
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a produção leiteira em Itapuranga-GO, sobretudo as modalidades de comercialização, armazenagem e as formas de produção do leite. O intuito é saber até que ponto há apropriação da renda da terra pelo campesinato do município. Para tanto, realizamos pesquisa bibliográfica, com localização, levantamento, leitura e fichamento de referências. Foram, também, realizadas pesquisas documentais e de campo, com levantamento de informações, dados estatísticos e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, mediante o uso de formulário previamente elaborado, além de observação sistemática da paisagem, com uso de diário de campo e máquina fotográfica, para a compilação de informações e captura de imagens. Os resultados revelam que há uma monopolização da produção leiteira em Itapuranga, tanto pelas empresas de laticínios, quanto por intermediários. Como linha de fuga os camponeses articulam-se em cooperativas, em redes de comercialização informal e constroem canais de comercialização direta. Com isso, pode-se afirmar que a resistência na terra é o meio mais eficaz de garantir a reprodução simples do campesinato local.
NAS FRONTERIAS DO CATOLICISMO: O CASO BERGSON
Authors: Da Luz Ferreira Rildo
Published: August 2024

Nosso propósito com esse artigo será considerar a que ponto a percepção do fato místico, apreendido no novo horizonte da sua objetivação, dificultou a acolhida da última obra de Bergson, As duas fontes da moral e da religião, pelos intelectuais católicos da época. Foram principalmente os tomistas que ficaram decepcionados pelo fato de não verem na doutrina religiosa de Bergson uma coincidência com a sua teologia racional. Mas, como pretendemos sustentar nesse trabalho, o que foi julgado foi mais o que poderíamos chamar de um bergsonismo retrospectivo ou exterior do que o bergsonismo da audácia, evidenciando assim as ilusões e os erros cometidos pelos pensadores católicos e dando lugar a uma interpretação da teoria bergsoniana que desconhecia sua profunda singularidade.
A DIALÉTICA EXISTENCIAL-RELIGIOSA DA REPETIÇÃO: ASPECTOS REFERIDOS A ARISTÓTELES E HEGEL
Authors: Alves Carlos Eduardo Cavalcanti
Published: August 2024

Em A repetição, obra de autoria do pensador dinamarquês Søren Aabye Kierkegaard, o conceito de repetição é apresentado em sua negatividade. Estética, ironia e recordação, na experiência do autor pseudônimo Constantin Constantius, assim como poética, melancolia e culpa, no drama do jovem personagem, levam à conclusão de que a esfera religiosa da vida seria, de fato, o âmbito de ocorrência da repetição. A obra, contudo, termina sem elucidar como se daria a presença de tal fenômeno, que deveria ocorrer, nas palavras do próprio Constantius, pela irrupção do religioso. Com o objetivo de estabelecer bases para a compreensão da dialética que envolve a repetição, serão apresentados aspectos de sua relação com a filosofia de Aristóteles e Hegel. A análise dessas linhas de pensamento, em seu confronto com o conceito em questão, permite concluir que a repetição baseia-se no interesse do indivíduo e afirma o temporal e o eterno, em uma dialética que remete à transcendência enquanto relação existencial-religiosa.
Carlos Eduardo Cavalcanti Alves
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2205-6991
Doutorando em Ciência da Religião pela Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, linha de pesquisa Filosofia da Religião, pesquisando sobre o conceito de repetição em Kierkegaard.
Mestre em Ciências da Religião pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, com pesquisa sobre fé e existência na obra Temor e tremor (2016).
Teólogo com pós-graduação em Teologia pela Faculdade Teológica Batista de São Paulo, com trabalho de conclusão de curso sobre a cristologia do teólogo francês Oscar Cullmann (2001).
Administrador com MBA em Gestão Financeira (2012).
Consultor empresarial no Sebrae São Paulo.
E-mail: c.eduardocavalcanti@gmail.com
HARTMANN, NIETZSCHE E O ANTICRISTO
Authors: Flores passos lopes Kassio
Published: August 2024

Neste artigo aventaremos a hipótese de que o livro O Anticristo, escrito por Nietzsche em 1888, pode ser compreendido como um cumprimento irônico da “profecia” de Eduard von Hartmann, em seu livro Filosofia do inconsciente (de 1869), acerca de uma era secular da humanidade onde o cristianismo não seria mais do que uma sombra. Para chegar a esta afirmação é necessário inicialmente retomar o livro Filosofia do inconsciente de Hartmann e o modo como o termo Anticristo é usado por ele. Posteriormente, deve-se destacar como o próprio Nietzsche o leu e o citou em seu escrito Sobre a utilidade e desvantagem da história para a vida (de 1873) e em seus demais escritos, até por fim seu livro intitulado O Anticristo. Como sugerimos, o nome “Anticristo”, portanto, era apropriado para intitular o livro que trazia a transvaloração de todos os valores cristãos com o qual Nietzsche acreditava desferir um ataque mortal ao cristianismo e possibilitar assim as condições para que houvesse uma renovação cultural em que os valores da cristandade fossem, de fato, superados.
A EXISTÊNCIA DE DEUS COMO BASE PARA A ANÁLISE DO FENÔMENO DA EXISTÊNCIA HUMANA: A PROPÓSITO DE UMA NOTA EM MIGALHAS FILOSÓFICAS
Authors: Lazzaretti Lucas
Published: August 2024

O presente trabalho visa analisar de que maneira Søren Kierkegaard reconsiderou o problema filosófico da demonstração da existência de Deus como uma forma de transpor os limites epistemológicos da filosofia moderna, encontrando assim as condições de possibilidade para uma análise da existência humana. Para tanto, o trabalho parte de uma consideração sobre a apresentação desse problema no capítulo III de Migalhas Filosóficas, posteriormente destacando uma nota de rodapé em que o filósofo dinamarquês aborda tal tema a partir de um confronto com Espinosa. Como tentou-se demostrar, Kierkegaard tem em vista a tradição alemã kantiana e pós-kantiana ao desenvolver suas reflexões, de modo que seu tratamento visa superar certos impasses à análise da existência humana que se encontravam explicitados formalmente também no problema da demonstração da existência de Deus.
ABRINDO CAMINHOS EM FILOSOFIA DA RELIGIÃO PELA INCORPORAÇÃO DE TRADIÇÕES AFRO-BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Porcher José Eduardo
Published: August 2024

Com foco nas duas principais tradições de matiz africano no Brasil, o candomblé e a umbanda, sugero que essas tradições suscitam questões específicas e envolventes para a filosofia da religião, que a disciplina precisa rever sua metodologia para abarcá-las, e que o contato entre esses mundos até então isolados pode iluminar o estudo de ambos. Farei isso apontando que práticas rituais, tradições orais e etnografias do candomblé e da umbanda podem abrir caminhos para debates metodológicos, epistemológicos e metafísicos em filosofia da religião. Para esse fim, gesticularei na direção de duas recomendações: a primeira trata-se de empregar descrições densas para facilitar compreensões mais ricamente contextualizadas dos fenômenos religiosos; a segunda trata-se de entender rituais como empreendimentos propriamente cognitivos.
AS SUBJETIVIDADES SUBALTERNIZADAS PELA COLONIALIDADE DO SAGRADO: CONTRAPARTIDAS CRÍTICAS E PROPOSITIVAS DO CAMPO EPISTEMOLÓGICO DA CIÊNCIA DA RELIGIÃO
Authors: Amaro Flávia
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo visa contribuir com a reflexão crítica sobre as arbitrariedades dos processos de subjugação socio, política, econômica e cultural desencadeados pela imposição do sistema mundo moderno/colonial, introduzindo a problematização da “colonialidade do sagrado” na discussão e propondo alternativas teórico e metodológicas para o tratamento e enfrentamento de tal condição. Parte-se do ponto de vista epistemológico da ciência da religião, mediante o qual, foi realizada um revisão bibliográfica nos estudos da religião, com ênfase nas interpelações da categoria sagrado, retomando a trajetória de institucionalização da disciplina e ressaltando a viabilidade das pesquisas empíricas, consideradas capazes de destinar atenção à peculiaridades interpretativas das experiências místico- religiosas, bem como defende-se um comprometimento do pesquisador com o combate à intolerância e com o fomento do diálogo inter-religioso.