bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LUBAC enables tumor-promoting LTβ receptor signaling by activating canonical NF-κB
Authors: Chen Yu-Guang , Rieser Eva , Bhamra Amandeep , Surinova Silvia , Kreuzaler Peter , Ho Meng-Hsing , Tsai Wen-Chiuan , Peltzer Nieves , de Miguel Diego , Walczak Henning
Published: August 2024

Lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR), a member of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFR-SF), is essential for development and maturation of lymphoid organs. In addition, LTβR activation promotes carcinogenesis by inducing a proinflammatory secretome. Yet, we currently lack a detailed understanding of LTβR signaling. In this study we discovered the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) as a previously unrecognized and functionally crucial component of the native LTβR signaling complex (LTβR-SC). Mechanistically, LUBAC-generated linear ubiquitin chains enable recruitment of NEMO, OPTN and A20 to the LTβR-SC, where they act coordinately to regulate the balance between canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways. Thus, different from death receptor signaling, where LUBAC prevents inflammation through inhibition of cell death, in LTβR signaling LUBAC is required for inflammatory signaling by enabling canonical and interfering with non-canonical NF-κB activation. This results in a LUBAC-dependent LTβR-driven inflammatory, protumorigenic secretome. Intriguingly, in liver cancer patients with high LTβR expression, high expression of LUBAC correlates with poor prognosis, providing clinical relevance for LUBAC-mediated inflammatory LTβR signaling.
Genetic investigation of patients with autosomal recessive ataxia and identification of two novel variants in the SQSTM1 and SYNE1 genes
Authors: Mokhtari Diana , Jahanpanah Mohammad , Jabbari Nasim , Azari Hamed , Davarnia Sana , Mokaber Haleh , Arish Sara , Molatefi Rasol , Abbasi Vahid , Davarnia Behzad
Published: August 2024

Hereditary ataxias are classified by inheritance patterns into autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked, and mitochondrial modes of inheritance. A large group of adult hereditary ataxias have autosomal dominant inheritance, and autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias (ARCAs) are rare, with greater diversity in phenotypic and genotypic features. Therefore, comprehensive genetic testing is useful for identifying the genes responsible for ARCAs. We identified two novel pathogenic variants of the SQSTM1 and SYNE1 genes via whole-exome sequencing in patients with ARCAs.
The importance of A-site cation chemistry in superionic halide solid electrolytes
Authors: Barker Kit , McKinney Sarah L. , Artal Raül , Jiménez Ricardo , Tapia-Ruiz Nuria , Skinner Stephen J. , Aguadero Ainara , Seymour Ieuan D.
Published: August 2024

Halide solid electrolytes do not currently display ionic conductivities suitable for high-power all-solid-state batteries. We explore the model system A2ZrCl6 (A = Li, Na, Cu, Ag) to understand the fundamental role that A-site chemistry plays on fast ion transport. Having synthesised the previously unknown Ag2ZrCl6 we reveal high room temperature ionic conductivities in Cu2ZrCl6 and Ag2ZrCl6 of 1 × 10−2 and 4 × 10−3 S cm−1, respectively. We introduce the concept that there are inherent limits to ionic conductivity in solids, where the energy and number of transition states play pivotal roles. Transport that involves multiple coordination changes along the pathway suffer from an intrinsic minimum activation energy. At certain lattice sizes, the energies of different coordinations can become equivalent, leading to lower barriers when a pathway involves a single coordination change. Our models provide a deeper understanding into the optimisation and design criteria for halide superionic conductors.
Positive effect of a diggable substrate on the behaviour of a captive naked mole rat colony
Authors: Amari Myriam , Mary Alma , Zablocki-Thomas Pauline , Bourgeois Aude , Pouydebat Emmanuelle
Published: August 2024

Naked mole rats (Heterocephalus galber) are eusocial mammals from East Africa. Their extraordinary social organisation is accompanied by remarkable adaptations to an underground lifestyle, extreme longevity and resistance to many diseases, making naked mole rats a highly relevant model for biological research. However, their living conditions in controlled environments do not allow them to express fundamental behaviours: digging galleries and exploring. This gap probably constitutes a bias to any behavioural or even medical study, because it represents a potential obstacle to their well-being. In this article, we tested the effects of the introduction of a diggable substrate on the behaviour of a colony of naked mole rats at the Menagerie, le Zoo du Jardin des Plantes, Paris. We measured individual exploratory latencies, the number of entries per minute and the frequency with which naked mole rats gnawed tunnels during observation trials. We found that: (i) young individuals explore more quickly, (ii) the introduction of a diggable substrate encourages exploration and digging behaviour, and (iii) could therefore be a relevant element to introduce under human care. This new environmental design could improve the welfare of naked mole rats by creating opportunities for cognitive challenges such as exploration and environmental control.
Rutin of Moringa oleifera as a potential inhibitor to Agaricus bisporus tyrosinase as revealed from the molecular dynamics of inhibition
Authors: El-Sharkawy Reyad M. , El-Hadary Abdalla E. , Essawy Heba S. , El-Sayed Ashraf S. A.
Published: August 2024

Tyrosinase is a binuclear copper-containing enzyme that catalyzes the conversation of monophenols to diphenols via o-hydroxylation and then the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones which is profoundly linked to eukaryotic melanin synthesis and fruits browning. The hyperpigmentation due to unusual tyrosinase activity has gained growing health concern. Plants and their metabolites are considered promising and effective sources for potent antityrosinase enzymes. Hence, searching for potent, specific tyrosinase inhibitor from different plant extracts is an alternative approach in regulating overproduction of tyrosinase. Among the tested extracts, the hydro-alcoholic extract of Moringa oleifera L. leaves displayed the potent anti-tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 98.93 µg/ml) in a dose-dependent manner using L-DOPA as substrate; however, the kojic acid showed IC50 of 88.92 µg/ml. The tyrosinase-diphenolase (TYR-Di) kinetic analysis revealed mixed inhibition type for the Ocimum basilicum L. and Artemisia annua L. extracts, while the Coriandrum sativum L. extract displayed a non-competitive type of inhibition. Interestingly, the extract of Moringa oleifera L. leaves exhibited a competitive inhibition, low inhibition constant of free enzyme ($${\text{K}}_{\text{ii}}^{\text{app}}$$

K

ii

app

) value and no Pan-Assay Interfering Substances, hinting the presence of strong potent inhibitors. The major putative antityrosinase compound in the extract was resolved, and chemically identified as rutin based on various spectroscopic analyses using UV–Vis, FTIR, mass spectrometry, and 1H NMR. The in silico computational molecular docking has been performed using rutin and A. bisporus tyrosinase (PDB code: 2Y9X). The binding energy of the predicted interaction between tropolone native ligand, kojic acid, and rutin against 2Y9X was respectively − 5.28, − 4.69, and − 7.75 kcal/mol. The docking simulation results revealed the reliable binding of rutin to the amino acid residues (ASN260, HIS259, SER282) in the tyrosinase catalytic site. Based on the developed results, rutin extracted from M. oleifera L. leaves has the capability to be powerful anti-pigment agent with a potential application in cosmeceutical area. In vivo studies are required to unravel the safety and efficiency of rutin as antityrosinase compound.
Intraspecific variation in leaf (poly)phenolic content of a southern hemisphere beech (Nothofagus antarctica) growing under different environmental conditions
Authors: Mattera M. Gabriela , Gonzalez-Polo Marina , Peri Pablo L. , Moreno Diego A.
Published: August 2024

Nothofagus antarctica (G.Forst.) Oerst. (Ñire) leaves are a valuable source of (poly)phenolic compounds and represent a high-value non-timber product from Patagonian forests. However, information on the variability of their chemical profile is limited or non-existent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the (poly)phenolic variability in Ñire leaf infusions. To this end, different tree populations growing under different temperature regimes and soil characteristics were considered. Interestingly, a cup of Ñire leaf infusion could be considered as a rich source of quercetin. Significant differences in the (poly)phenolic content, especially in flavonoid conjugates and cinnamic acids, were found among the populations studied. These results suggest metabolic variability among the forests studied, which could be related to the species response to its growing conditions, and also provide some clues about the performance of N. antarctica under future climate scenarios. The N. antarctica forests growing in environments with lower frequency of cold and heat stress and high soil fertility showed better infusion quality. This study showed how a South American beech interacts with its local environment at the level of secondary metabolism. In addition, the information obtained is useful for defining forest management strategies in the Patagonian region.
Unveiling the potential of machine learning approaches in predicting the emergence of stroke at its onset: a predicting framework
Authors: J M Sheela Lavanya , P Subbulakshmi
Published: August 2024

A stroke is a dangerous, life-threatening disease that mostly affects people over 65, but an unhealthy diet is also contributing to the development of strokes at younger ages. Strokes can be treated successfully if they are identified early enough, and suitable therapies are available. The purpose of this study is to develop a stroke prediction model that will improve stroke prediction effectiveness as well as accuracy. Predicting whether someone is suffering from a stroke or not can be accomplished with this proposed machine learning algorithm. In this research, various machine learning techniques are evaluated for predicting stroke on the healthcare stroke dataset. The feature selection algorithms used here are gradient boosting and random forest, and classifiers include the decision tree classifier, Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier, logistic regression classifier, gradient boosting classifier, random forest classifier, K neighbors classifier, and Xtreme gradient boosting classifier. In this process, different machine-learning approaches are employed to test predictive methods on different data samples. As a result obtained from the different methods applied, and the comparison of different classification models, the random forest model offers an accuracy rate of 98%.
Elemental and isotopic analysis of leaves predicts nitrogen-fixing phenotypes
Authors: Doby Joshua R. , Siniscalchi Carolina M. , Pajuelo Mariela , Krigbaum John , Soltis Douglas E. , Guralnick Robert P. , Folk Ryan A.
Published: August 2024

Nitrogen (N)-fixing symbiosis is critical to terrestrial ecosystems, yet possession of this trait is known for few plant species. Broader presence of the symbiosis is often indirectly determined by phylogenetic relatedness to taxa investigated via manipulative experiments. This data gap may ultimately underestimate phylogenetic, spatial, and temporal variation in N-fixing symbiosis. Still needed are simpler field or collections-based approaches for inferring symbiotic status. N-fixing plants differ from non-N-fixing plants in elemental and isotopic composition, but previous investigations have not tested predictive accuracy using such proxies. Here we develop a regional field study and demonstrate a simple classification model for fixer status using nitrogen and carbon content measurements, and stable isotope ratios (δ15N and δ13C), from field-collected leaves. We used mixed models and classification approaches to demonstrate that N-fixing phenotypes can be used to predict symbiotic status; the best model required all predictors and was 80–94% accurate. Predictions were robust to environmental context variation, but we identified significant variation due to native vs. non-native (exotic) status and phylogenetic affinity. Surprisingly, N content—not δ15N—was the strongest predictor, suggesting that future efforts combine elemental and isotopic information. These results are valuable for understudied taxa and ecosystems, potentially allowing higher-throughput field-based N-fixer assessments.
Analysis of oceanic suspended particulate matter in the western North Pacific using the complex amplitude sensor
Authors: Yoshida Atsushi , Tobo Yutaka , Adachi Kouji , Moteki Nobuhiro , Kawai Yoshimi , Sasaoka Kosei , Koike Makoto
Published: August 2024

Oceanic suspended particulate matter (SPM) plays important roles in the coupling of climate and biogeochemical cycles via ocean–atmosphere interactions. However, methods for quantifying the properties of SPM in seawater have not yet been well established. Here we present the application of the recently developed complex amplitude sensor (CAS) for analyzing the complex forward-scattering amplitude of individual SPM (0.2–5.0 µm in diameter) obtained at depths of 0–100 m during a research cruise in the western North Pacific. The measured distribution of the complex amplitude indicated that the CAS-derived SPM data could be roughly classified into five major types. Comparison with reference sample’s complex amplitude data and scanning electron microscopy analysis suggested that these types could be attributed mainly to diatom fragments, carbonaceous materials (likely organic matter), mineral dusts, iron oxides, or black carbon. Depth profiles revealed that relatively high concentrations of SPM, presumably dominated by diatom fragments and carbonaceous materials with peak diameters of 0.7–1.0 µm, were typically associated with elevated turbidities and chlorophyll a concentrations. Based on this case study, we discuss the practical advantages and limitations of using the CAS to measure size-resolved concentrations of SPM in seawater and to characterize its composition.
CT-based radiomics for predicting breast cancer radiotherapy side effects
Authors: Llorián-Salvador Óscar , Windeler Nora , Martin Nicole , Etzel Lucas , Andrade-Navarro Miguel A. , Bernhardt Denise , Rost Burkhard , Borm Kai J. , Combs Stephanie E. , Duma Marciana N. , Peeken Jan C.
Published: August 2024

Skin inflammation with the potential sequel of moist epitheliolysis and edema constitute the most frequent breast radiotherapy (RT) acute side effects. The aim of this study was to compare the predictive value of tissue-derived radiomics features to the total breast volume (TBV) for the moist cells epitheliolysis as a surrogate for skin inflammation, and edema. Radiomics features were extracted from computed tomography (CT) scans of 252 breast cancer patients from two volumes of interest: TBV and glandular tissue (GT). Machine learning classifiers were trained on radiomics and clinical features, which were evaluated for both side effects. The best radiomics model was a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) classifier, using TBV features, predicting moist cells epitheliolysis, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.74. This was comparable to TBV breast volume (AUROC of 0.75). Combined models of radiomics and clinical features did not improve performance. Exclusion of volume-correlated features slightly reduced the predictive performance (AUROC 0.71). We could demonstrate the general propensity of planning CT-based radiomics models to predict breast RT-dependent side effects. Mammary tissue was more predictive than glandular tissue. The radiomics features performance was influenced by their high correlation to TBV volume.
Ultralow radiant exposure of a short-pulsed laser to disrupt melanosomes with localized thermal damage through a turbid medium
Authors: Shimojo Yu , Nishimura Takahiro , Tsuruta Daisuke , Ozawa Toshiyuki
Published: August 2024

Short-pulsed lasers can treat dermal pigmented lesions through selective photothermolysis. The irradiated light experiences multiple scattering by the skin and is absorbed by abnormal melanosomes as well as by normal blood vessels above the target. Because the fluence is extremely high, the absorbed light can cause thermal damage to the adjacent tissue components, leading to complications. To minimize radiant exposure and reduce the risk of burns, a model of the melanosome-disruption threshold fluence (MDTF) has been developed that accounts for the light-propagation efficiency in the skin. However, the light-propagation efficiency is attenuated because of multiple scattering, which limits the extent to which the radiant exposure required for treatment can be reduced. Here, this study demonstrates the principle of melanosome disruption with localized thermal damage through a turbid medium by ultralow radiant exposure of a short-pulsed laser. The MDTF model was combined with a wavefront-shaping technique to design an irradiation condition that can increase the light-propagation efficiency to the target. Under this irradiation condition, melanosomes were disrupted at a radiant exposure 25 times lower than the minimal value used in conventional laser treatments. Furthermore, almost no thermal damage to the skin was confirmed through a numerical simulation. These experimental and numerical results show the potential for noninvasive melanosome disruption and may lead to the improvement of the safety of short-pulsed laser treatment.
Hybrid nanocellulose material as an adsorbent to remove reactive yellow 2 dye
Authors: Mello Beatris L. , Thue Pascal S. , da Silva Pâmela V. , Saucier Caroline , dos Reis Glaydson S. , Machado Fernando M. , de Avila Delucis Rafael , Naushad Mu. , Sher Farooq , Seliem Moaaz K. , Lima Eder C.
Published: August 2024

Textile dyes are frequently disposable in aqueous effluents, making it difficult to remove them from industrial effluents before their release to natural waters. This paper deals with the fabrication of cellulose-based adsorbents by reacting nanocelulose crystalline (nanocel) with N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (TMSPEDA), forming the hybrid (silylpropyl)ethylenediamine@nanocellulose (SPEDA@nanocel), which was employed as adsorbent for the uptake of reactive yellow 2 dye (RY-2) from aqueous effluents. Characterisation of SPEDA@nanocel was carried out using FTIR, SEM–EDS, XRD, TGA, surface area, pHpzc, and hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity ratio (HI). Also, adsorption studies were thoroughly investigated. The effect of initial pH indicated that the maximum uptake of RY-2 takes place at pH 2, which is an indication of the electrostatic mechanism. The kinetic data carried out with 250 and 500 mg L−1 RY-2 with SPEDA@nanocel followed better the nonlinear fractional-like pseudo-first-order model. The t0.5 and t0.95 for the dye uptake were about 30 and 141 min, respectively. The equilibrium data from 10 to 45 °C indicated that the Liu isotherm model was the best-fitted isothermal model. The maximum sorption capacity attained was 112.3 mg g−1 at 45 °C. The thermodynamic data have shown that the equilibrium was favorable and endothermic, and the ΔH° was compatible with an electrostatic attraction between RY-2 and SPEDA@nanocel. Experiments of desorption of loaded adsorbent showed promising results for real applications since at least 5 adsorption/desorption cycles could be employed without significant changes in the recovery and with high precision.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of the impact of oil functional groups on the performance of smart water in clay-rich sandstones
Authors: Kazemi Alireza , Khezerloo-ye Aghdam Saeed , Ahmadi Mohammad
Published: August 2024

This research investigated the effect of ion concentration on the performance of low salinity water under different conditions. First, the effect of injection water composition on interparticle forces in quartz-kaolinite, kaolinite-kaolinite, and quartz-oil complexes was tested and modeled. The study used two oil samples, one with a high total acid number (TAN) and the other with a low TAN. The results illustrated that reducing the concentration of divalent ions to 10 mM resulted in the electric double layer (EDL) around the clay and quartz particles and the high TAN oil droplets, expanding and intensifying the repulsive forces. Next, the study investigated the effect of injection water composition and formation oil type on wettability and oil/water interfacial tension (IFT). The results were consistent with the modeling of interparticle forces. Reducing the divalent cation concentration to 10 mM led to IFT reduction and wettability alteration in high TAN oil, but low TAN oil reacted less to this change, with the contact angle and IFT remaining almost constant. Sandpack flooding experiments demonstrated that reducing the concentration of divalent cations incremented the recovery factor (RF) in the presence of high TAN oil. However, the RF increment was minimal for the low TAN oil sample. Finally, different low salinity water scenarios were injected into sandpacks containing migrating fines. By comparing the results of high TAN oil and low TAN oil samples, the study observed that fine migration was more effective than wettability alteration and IFT reduction mechanisms for increasing the RF of sandstone reservoirs.
Neurovascular changes of the retina and optic nerve head in episodic migraine
Authors: Patzkó Ágnes , Pfund Zoltán , Csutak Adrienne , Tóth Noémi , Kölkedi Zsófia , Kis-Jakab Gréta , Bosnyák Edit , Rozgonyi Renáta , Szalai Eszter
Published: August 2024

To investigate neurovascular changes; including macular vascular density (VD), thickness of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and optic nerve head (ONH) parameters in episodic migraine patients. 80 eyes of 40 episodic migraine patients were recruited. Thirty patients having a dominant side of migraine headache were statistically analyzed (5 male and 25 female; mean age 31.67 ± 9.54 years) and compared to 25 eyes of 25 healthy volunteers (5 male and 20 female; mean age of 34.4 ± 12.11 years, p = 0.361). The posterior segment was imaged with Topcon DRI optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Triton Swept source OCT Topcon, Japan), and OCT angiography (OCTA). Comparing the dominant side of migraine patients to controls we found a significant decrease of the VD in the central zone of the superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP, p = 0.01; DCP, p = 0.004) and an enlarged foveal avascular zone (FAZ, p = 0.054). The GCL thickness was significantly reduced in the central ring (GCL + p = 0.042, GCL +  + p = 0.029), as well as the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in the temporal quadrant (p = 0.021) and border tissue of Elschnig diameter (BTE, p = 0.035). The duration of migraine showed an inverse correlation with SCP in the nasal quadrant (p = 0.016, r = − 0.445) and with all DCP regions [DCP superior (p = 0.004, r = − 0.519), DCP inferior (p = 0.004, r = − 0.519), DCP nasal (p = 0.006, r = − 0.496), DCP temporal (p = 0.005, r = − 0.508), DCP CSF (p < 0.001, r = − 0.634)]. The dominant side compared to the non-dominant side showed a significant deterioration of the VD in the inferior (p = 0.04) and temporal quadrants (p = 0.023); furthermore, a significant decrease in the GCL +  + inner ring thickness (p = 0.046). Microvascular damage and consequent structural alterations of the retina and optic nerve head occur in the eyes of episodic migraine patient in association with the lateralization of the headache.
Polytypic metal chalcogenide nanocrystals
Authors: Wu Liang , Li Yi , Liu Guo-Qiang , Yu Shu-Hong
Published: August 2024

A comprehensive overview of the recent progress in colloidal PMC nanocrystals, including polytypic II–VI nanocrystals as well as polytypic Cu-based ternary and quaternary chalcogenide nanocrystals.
Covalently grafting a covalent organic framework onto carbon nanotubes as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Li Hongwei , He Qizhe , Cao Yunye , Lei Lei , Wang Degao , Li Ting-Ting
Published: August 2024

A combined nanoscale and molecular-level strategy was developed to coat Ni(ii) modified bipyridine-based COF on amino-functionalized CNTs through covalent bonding as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for water splitting in alkaline solution.
Partial density of states representation for accurate deep neural network predictions of X-ray spectra
Authors: Middleton Clelia , Curchod Basile F. E. , Penfold Thomas J.
Published: August 2024

We introduce and demonstrate performance of partial density of states (p-DOS) descriptor as a computationally efficient approach for capturing electronic properties of machine learning models of X-ray spectroscopy.
A novel electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 3-chlorophenol
Authors: Feng Yongqi , Luan Shuting , Yi Jiaxin , Zhang Yi , Li Xuchun , Lv Shiwen , Cong Yanqing
Published: August 2024

A CeNiCu-LDH@CC electrochemical sensor for efficient detection of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 3-chlorophenol.
Consumption of ultra-processed foods and the incidence of hypertension: a cohort study
Authors: Golzarand Mahdieh , Moslehi Nazanin , Mirmiran Parvin , Azizi Fereidoun
Published: August 2024

The incidence of hypertension (HTN) and consumption of ultra-processed foods are increasing worldwide.
Optically transparent and mechanically tough glass with impact resistance and flame retardancy enabled by covalent/supramolecular interactions
Authors: Cai Changyong , Yao Guohong , Zhang Yunfei , Zhang Shiguo , Li Fenfang , Tan Zhijian , Dong Shengyi
Published: August 2024

The ionic glass exhibits tough tensile strength (61.31 MPa), high Young's modulus (1.17 GPa), excellent optical transparency (>90%) superior impact resistance (18.34 kJ m−2), and good flame retardancy (V0 rating).
Ag-Catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative-coupling for the synthesis of 1,4-dioxan-2-yl substituted quinazoline hybrids in an aqueous medium
Authors: Liu Xixian , Xie Dayu , Yang Qin , Song Zhibin , Fu Yang , Peng Yiyuan
Published: August 2024

An effective silver–K2S2O8 catalyzed CDC reaction between quinazolines and 1,4-dioxane for the construction of 2- or 4-(1,4-dioxan-2-yl) substituted quinazoline hybrids is described. The reaction proceeded well in water under mild conditions.
Constructing built-in electric fields in 2D/2D Schottky heterojunctions for efficient alkaline seawater electrolysis
Authors: Chen Hongjun , Deng Liming , Zhao Sheng , Liu Shuyi , Hu Feng , Li Linlin , Ren Jianwei , Peng Shengjie
Published: August 2024

The construction of Schottky heterojunction in Co3(PO4)2@MXene accelerates the directional transfer of electrons at the interface, achieving efficient hydrogen evolution performance under high current density conditions in seawater electrolysis.
Oyster shell powder-loaded cellulose gel beads as a high-efficiency adsorbent for phosphorus recovery: preparation, kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Wu Pingguo , Zhong Jiyan , Liang Naisi , Li Chanyan , Cao Qingyue , Zhao Mingjuan , Li Yong , Liao Mingneng , Yu Chuanming
Published: August 2024

A cellulose-based monolithic gel on which oyster shell powder is immobilized, resulting in a green bead (OSP@Gel) capable of efficiently recovering phosphate from water.
Theoretical investigation of the excited-state intramolecular double proton transfer process of 2,2′-(benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bis(thiazole)-2,6-diyl)diphenol
Authors: Hao Yongchao , Li Xiaoran , Li Hongfang , Chang Shanyan , Zhang Jiangyu , Dong Lili
Published: August 2024

The investigation of the excited state intramolecular double proton transfer process of 2,2′-(benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bis(thiazole)-2,6-diyl)diphenol in DCM proposes a stepwise ESIDPT mechanism.
Ultralow thermal conductivity and thermally-deactivated electrical transport in a 1D silver array with alternating δ-bonds
Authors: Hassan Nahid , Nagaraja Suneetha , Saha Sauvik , Tarafder Kartick , Ballav Nirmalya
Published: August 2024

Ag(i)-based organic–inorganic hybrid system, (TMA)AgBr2, is synthesized, which exhibits ultralow thermal conductivity and thermally-deactivated electrical conductance due to the presence of alternating Ag⋯Ag δ-bonds.
High adsorption selectivity, capacity and rate of fructose using metal–organic frameworks with abundant zirconium open metal sites
Authors: He Hai-Long , Liu Zhongqi , Liu Fengqing , Chen Jie , Wang Pu , Yi Xianfeng , Zheng Anmin , Wang Lei
Published: August 2024

MOF-808 with abundant zirconium sites enables high adsorption selectivity (17.8), high capacity (362 mg g−1), and rapid adsorption and separation (18.9 h−1) of fructose from glucose and fructose mixed solutions and has excellent cycling stability.
A novel microporous hydrogen-bonded organic framework with electron-rich alkynyl groups for highly efficient C2H6/C2H4 separation
Authors: Wang Yu-Bo , Zhang Teng-Fei , Lin Yu-Xin , Wang Jia-Xin , Wen Hui-Min , Zhang Xu , Qian Guodong , Li Bin
Published: August 2024

A novel electron-rich alkynyl-functionalized HOF material was designed and synthesized for efficient C2H6/C2H4 separation. The alkynyl groups serve as functional binding sites to result in high C2H6 adsorption capacity and selectivity.
Liquid–liquid phase transition as a basis for novel materials for skin repair and regeneration
Authors: Wang Shunfeng , Neufurth Meik , Schepler Hadrian , Muñoz-Espí Rafael , Ushijima Hiroshi , Schröder Heinz C. , Wang Xiaohong , Müller Werner E. G.
Published: August 2024

Polyphosphate (polyP) is a physiologically significant polymer with regenerative properties, crucial for supplying the metabolic fuel (ATP) essential for various regeneration processes in humans, including wound healing.
Strong electron–phonon coupling in vacancy-ordered Cs2SnBr6 double perovskite
Authors: Soares C. C. S. , Rodríguez-Hernández J. S. , Gómez Mayra. A. P. , Andrade Davino M. , Fechine Pierre B. A. , Ayala A. P. , Paschoal C. W. A.
Published: August 2024

This material exhibits high-order multiphonon scattering mediated by strong electron–phonon coupling. The broad luminescence and large Stokes shift suggest the presence of self-trapped excitons within the material.
Enhanced thermal conductivity of polymeric composites with BN@C hybrid fillers
Authors: Bai Xuang , Meng Yuhang , Zhou Fanyu , Ge Cong , Sun Dandan , Yang Dehong , Jiang Xiangfen , Dai Pengcheng , Wang Xuebin
Published: August 2024

The BN@carbon particle hybrid fillers were designed to enhance the thermal conductivity of composites through bridging and separation effects.
Composition and microstructural control of Sm2Fe17N3 powders: a promising candidate for next-generation permanent magnets
Authors: Xu Junjie , Yi Yuhao , Jia Boqian , Xue Hang , Tian Guang , Ma Zhenhui , Hou Yanglong
Published: August 2024

The composition and microstructure control of Sm2Fe17N3 powders lays the foundation for the enhancement of magnetic properties, which is mainly ascribed to the optimization of the intrinsic magnetic properties and domain structure.
Superconductivity in the Ce–B–H system at high pressure
Authors: Liu Meixu , Cui Wenwen , Shi Jingming , Durajski Artur P. , Hao Jian , Li Yinwei
Published: August 2024

Ce2BH14 is screened as the most promising superconducting compound with the largest and H-derived DOS in the Ce–B–H system under pressures.
Neuro‐adaptive prescribed performance control for spacecraft rendezvous based on the fully‐actuated system approach
Authors: Li Shiyi , Liu Kerun , Liu Ming , Cao Xibin
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the control problem of spacecraft rendezvous with obstacle constraint, considering the external disturbance forces caused by orbit perturbation. Firstly, the translational dynamic model of spacecraft rendezvous is given and then rewritten into a second‐order fully‐actuated system form. Then, by employing the prescribed performance control method, the performance function and error transformation are determined, pre‐defining the prescribed performance bounds. Moreover, the fully‐actuated system approach is used to linearize the original nonlinear system, which simplifies the processes of control law design and ensures model accuracy. After that, to ensure that the spacecraft could avoid the dangerous zone during its manoeuvre, the artificial potential function is introduced, based on which a sliding mode surface is designed. Finally, the prescribed performance control–artificial potential function‐based control law is derived, further adopting the neuro‐adaptive method to deal with external interferences. The stability of the close‐loop control system is analysed through the Lyapunov approach and the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by carrying out a numerical simulation.
Rotational velocities of blue straggler stars in the globular cluster M 55
Authors: Billi A. , Ferraro F. R. , Mucciarelli A. , Lanzoni B. , Cadelano M. , Monaco L.
Published: August 2024

By using high-resolution spectra acquired with FLAMES-GIRAFFE at the ESO/VLT, we measured the radial and rotational velocities of 115 stars in the Galactic globular cluster M 55. After field decontamination based on the radial velocity values, the final sample of member stars is composed of 32 blue straggler stars (BSSs) and 76 reference stars populating the red giant and horizontal branches of the cluster. In agreement with previous findings, the totality of red giant branch stars has negligible rotation (<10 km s−1) and horizontal branch stars have rotational velocities of 40 km s−1 at most. In contrast, the BSS rotational velocity distribution shows a long tail extending up to ~200 km s−1, with 15 BSSs (out of 32), spinning faster than 40 km s−1. By defining the threshold for fast rotating BSSs at 40 km s−1, this sets the percentage of these stars at 47 ±14%. Such a large value has never been found before in any globular clusters. It is roughly comparable to that measured in other loose systems (ω Centauri, M 4, and NGC 3201) and significantly larger than that observed in high-density clusters (as 47 Tucanae, NGC 6397, NGC 6752, and M 30). This evidence supports a scenario whereby recent BSS formation is occurring in low-density environments. We also find that the BSS rotational velocity tends to decrease for decreasing luminosity, as found for another loose cluster of the sample, namely, NGC 3201.
The impact of enzyme addition on the metabolizable energy and protein digestibility of peeled Jack bean meal (Canavalia ensiformisL.)
Authors: Mutia Rita , Ridla Muhammad , Nahrowi  , Maharani Frilli Azarine
Published: August 2024

This research sought to explore how different processing methods, including soaking and peeling the beans, and the introduction of protease enzyme and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) enzymes, impact the nutrient content, metabolizable energy, and protein digestibility of processed Jack bean meal. The study utilized a completely randomized design, with four treatments and four replications. A total of 36 animals were involved, with 32 used for measuring metabolizable energy and protein digestibility, and 4 broiler chickens for endogenous measurement. Treatments included processed Jack bean meal alone, with protease enzyme, with NSP enzymes, and with both enzymes combined. Results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in metabolizable energy and protein digestibility with enzyme supplementation. This improvement was attributed to the protease enzyme breaking down proteins into smaller peptides and NSP enzymes facilitating the breakdown of non-starch polysaccharides, enhancing digestion and absorption. In conclusion, supplementing peeled Jack bean meal with protease and NSP enzymes enhances its metabolizable energy and protein digestibility, suggesting its potential as an alternative protein source for broiler chickens.
Effect of gamma irradiation dosage on green bean growth and yield
Authors: Supanjani Supanjani , Alexander Satria , Setyowati Nanik
Published: August 2024

Gamma radiation is a particular approach for increasing green bean (Vigna radiataL.) growth and yield. Gamma radiation at the appropriate dose enhances plant growth and yield. The research attempts to determine the proper dose of gamma radiation on the growth and yield of green beans. The research was carried out at Talang Kering, Muara Bangkahulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia. The design employed was a Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was the green bean variety, consisting of Vima-1 and Vima-4. The second factor was the radiation dose, which was 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 800 Gy. The data were analyzed using the F-test with a 5% significant level and further tested using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% level. The study's findings revealed that gamma irradiation of up to 800 Gy on green bean seeds resulted in higher plant height, number of pods, number of seeds/plants, and seed weight/plant. The Vima-1 variety of green beans produced a higher weight of 100 seeds when irradiated with gamma rays at 100 Gy, while the Vima-4 variety at a dose of 200 Gy. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing green bean cultivation practices.
Analyzed of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of Sengon (Falcataria falcata) Tolerant and Intolerant to Boktor Pests (Xystrocera festiva)
Authors: Haneda Noor Farikhah , Pramisari Yunita , Istikorini Yunik , Nurianti Esti , Siregar Ulfah Juniarti
Published: August 2024

Sengon is fast growing legume tree that is widely cultivated by community, however threathened by pest attacks, especially Boktor stem borer. This study aims to evaluate the growth of Sengon progeny testing planted in Kediri, under Perhutani State Forest Company, and analyze the relationship between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) markers and the phenotypes regarding their tolerance and intolerance to Boktor pests. The sample consisted of tolerant (R28, R29, R30, R33, and R47) and intolerant (S13, S21, S22, S24, and S25) accessions, with 4 individual replicates for each accession. All samples were genotyped using 4 SNP primers, i.e AAI1, AAI2, TI1 and TI2 applying the High-Resolution Melting (HRM) method at the Forest Genetics Laboratory and Advance Research Laboratory of IPB University. Phenotypic data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, while SNP genotypes were assessed using Chi-square test, visualized in a Manhattan plot, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The disease severity of tolerant and intolerant accessions were 84.33% and 79.64% respectively, which were not significantly different. Three SNP primers gave X2 value higher than 5.99 indicated their association with the tolerant and intolerant traits. Therefore, SNP markers can be used to assist the selection program of sengon that is tolerant to Boktor pests.
Aerobic processing of sheep farming faeces using indigenous microorganism decomposers and maggotblack soldier flydetritivors
Authors: Hidayati Yuli Astuti , Amanda Dinda , Harlia Ellin
Published: August 2024

Sheep solid waste in feces can be processed and converted using indigenous microorganisms and the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot detritivore. The results of the decomposition of organic material from sheep feces can be BFS maggot biomass and BSF frass. The research involved combining sheep feces with milk processing industry sludge and organic kitchen waste and aerobically processing them using indigenous microorganism decomposers and BSF maggot detritivores. This research aims to convert sheep feces into BSF maggot and BSF frass biomass using various waste materials, indigenous bacteria, and fungi using exploration methods. The method used was exploration, and data was obtained in a descriptive. Beginning with a 7-day initial decomposition process by microorganism decomposers, the process of processing sheep feces then continues for 21 days by maggot detritivores. The research showed that indigenous bacteria and fungi in the substrate amounted to 5 × 1010cfu/g and 3 × 105cfu/g. Processing sheep feces could reduce the amount of waste, which resulted in a reduction of 63,87%, resulting in BSF maggot biomass of 1042±98.4631 g and Frass BSF of 1084±55.8345 g.
Estimation of possible volumes of solar panel waste generation in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Abdurakhmanov Botir , Ochildiev Otabek
Published: August 2024

This article is devoted to discussing the issue of solar panel waste in connection with the growing share of solar energy in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The main causes of solar panel failure are end of life, failures during normal operation, and weather-related emergencies. The climatic conditions of Uzbekistan were studied and it was found that in some regions of the country there are strong winds, which are a potential danger for solar panels. Calculations showed that the probability of destructive winds is 0.00045, which can lead to emergency destruction of panels (up to 1,224 tonnes of waste per lifetime). High air dustiness can cause increased water consumption for cleaning the panels (68 times the design flow rate) and consequently an increase in the volume of polluted wastewater. Thus, it is clear that the problem of waste associated with solar energy development has not yet been adequately addressed. In order to take timely action, it is necessary to develop appropriate regulatory documents for accounting and handling of solar energy waste.
Comprehensive Methodology for Low-Velocity Drop Weight Impact Testing of Structural Slabs: Instruments, Procedures, and Analysis
Authors: Anas S. M. , Shariq Mohd , Alam Mehtab , Masharipova Zamira , Azizov Boxodir
Published: August 2024

The significance of Low-Velocity Drop Weight Impact (LDWI) testing cannot be overstated, as it plays a crucial role in assessing the impact resistance of structural components across various sectors, including aerospace, automotive, construction, and defense. Low-velocity impacts are evident across a spectrum of circumstances, spanning from occurrences in nature to mishaps within industrial settings. Instances encompass boulders striking rooftops amidst landslides, plummeting rocks posing threats to infrastructure within mountainous terrain, and industrial mishaps entailing collisions among equipment or machinery. The response of structures to rapid loading induced by LDWI is of utmost importance, necessitating precise and dependable testing methodologies. For researchers and professionals engaged in LDWI testing, a deep comprehension of essential equipment is essential to ensure the accuracy and reliability of experimental outcomes. Central to this endeavor is the drop weight apparatus, comprising components such as a descending weight, an impactor, and a guiding mechanism, which are pivotal in regulating impact parameters like velocity and trajectory. This research offers a thorough examination of the fundamental equipment necessary for LDWI analysis and delineates the procedures for conducting such assessments on structural elements like slabs. By amalgamating insights from diverse scholarly sources, the authors present a comprehensive overview of indispensable apparatus and assessment techniques. This exposition serves as a valuable asset for both researchers and practitioners, furnishing guidance in equipment selection, procedural comprehension, and precise interpretation of experimental results. The assimilation of this knowledge enriches the proficiency and effectiveness of LDWI testing efforts, thereby facilitating informed decision-making in material selection, structural design, and optimization of impact resistance across a wide array of engineering applications.
Study on Production of Sorbent Reagents Based on Dolomite and Phosphoric Acid
Authors: Urunova Khurshida , Azimova Durdona , Umirov Farhod , Usanbayev Najimuddin , Kholmurodov Jamshid , Temirov Uktam
Published: August 2024

In this article, we conducted research on the production of calcium and magnesium phosphates based on dolomite and phosphoric acid. The purpose of adding different concentrations of phosphoric acid to dolomite is to determine the optimal concentration. Then samples were taken by adding phosphoric acid of the appropriate concentration to the dolomite in various mass ratios. The total and soluble forms of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide contained in the obtained samples, as well as the levels of decarbonization, were studied. Research results have shown that the total forms of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and phosphorus pentoxides in dolomite decrease after acid concentrations from 5% to 25%.
Requirements and rules for storing mulberry silkworms' food according to their age in special silkworm boxes
Authors: Rakhmanova Huriniso
Published: August 2024

Caring for mulberry silkworms requires careful attention to their environment and food supply. Mulberry leaves, the primary food source for silkworms, must be kept in a specific manner to ensure the health and productivity of the silkworms. The leaves should be kept in the form of branches brought from feeding mulberry trees and placed on a shelf or log inside the silkworm box. Maintaining the proper temperature and humidity levels is crucial for the well-being of the silkworms. The food should be kept at a temperature of 16-17°C and a relative humidity of 70-75%. It is essential to adapt the food to room temperature when storing it, especially if it has been exposed to cold, rain, or sunlight. The food should be stored in layers with a thickness of 45-50 cm to ensure that it remains fresh and suitable for consumption by the silkworms. Adhering to the recommended feeding schedule is also important. Providing the silkworms with the correct amount of food each day helps to regulate their growth and development. Overfeeding or underfeeding can lead to reduced viability, increased disease levels, and lower productivity of the cultivated cocoons. By following these guidelines and ensuring proper care for the mulberry silkworms, farmers can maximize the productivity and quality of their silk production.
Water-salt exchange process modeling in arable land: A case study from Sirdarya province, Uzbekistan
Authors: Djumabekova Nilufar , Abdalova Gulistan , Sultanov Umbetali , Raimbaeva Gulzira , Azhiniyazova Mekhriban
Published: August 2024

Irrigated agriculture plays a crucial role in the Aral Sea basin, accounting for more than 90% of total water intake in the region. The productivity of agro-ecosystems in different natural and climatic conditions depends on moisture resources, soil fertility, and applied agrotechnics. To optimize water use and predict agro-ecosystem productivity, computer technology is being introduced as a tool for rapid calculation of physical processes in the "soil-water-plant" system. The increasing limitation of water resources necessitates science-based methods for predicting changes in humidity, considering applied agrotechnical and reclamation measures. The accurate prediction of moisture dynamics in irrigated areas is essential for preventing irrigation water shortages and droughts. Therefore, international efforts are focused on developing and implementing water-saving technologies in irrigated agriculture. In the Republic of Uzbekistan, there is a strong commitment to the development and implementation of water-saving technologies. This includes the use of advanced irrigation techniques, such as drip irrigation and precision irrigation, as well as the adoption of drought-resistant crop varieties. These efforts aim to optimize water use efficiency, improve agricultural productivity, and mitigate the impact of water scarcity in the region. By integrating computer technology and advanced irrigation techniques, Uzbekistan and other countries in the Aral Sea basin can enhance their ability to manage water resources effectively, ensuring sustainable agricultural practices and food security in the region.