bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Komunikasi Dakwah Da’i Hidayatullah dalam Pembinaan Masyarakat Pedesaan
Authors: Arifin Bustanol
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to determine the da'i Hidayatullah da'wah communication strategy in fostering rural communities which are formulated into three questions as follows: the role of da'i Hidayatullah in raising awareness of rural communities. The diffusion of da'i Hidayatullah's da'wah communication in fostering rural communities and the innovation of da'i Hidayatullah's da'wah communication in fostering rural communities in Cimenyan district, Bandung regency. The research method uses descriptive methods by making the da'i Hidayatullah Bandung district that fosters rural communities as the main source of this research. This type of research is qualitative. The results showed that the Hidayatullah preacher had a role as a change agent by conducting persuasive-informative communication in raising and fostering rural communities in the Cimenyan sub-district, Bandung regency. The diffusion of da'wah communication carried out by Hidayatullah in developing rural communities in the Cimenyan district of Bandung district through activities in the form of majelis ta'lim, grand MBA, training of bina aqidah, qur'an education park (TPA) and mosque youth in which da'wah messages in the form of aqeedah, shari'ah, and morals. Da'i Hidayatullah's innovation in da'wah communication was in the form of implementing an empowerment program which included empowering human resources (HR) and the community economy which was formed through training and recitation activities.

 

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi dakwah da’i Hidayatullah dalam membina masyarakat pedesaan yang dirumuskan menjadi tiga pertanyaan  sebagai berikut: peran da’i Hidayatullah dalam menyadarkan masyarakat pedesaan. Difusi komunikasi dakwah da’i Hidayatullah dalam membina masyarakat pedesaan dan inovasi komunikasi dakwah da’i Hidayatullah dalam membina masyarakat pedesaan di kecamatan Cimenyan kabupaten Bandung. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan menjadikan da’i Hidayatullah kabupaten Bandung yang membina masyarakat pedesaan sebagai sumber utama dalam penelitian ini. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa da’i Hidayatullah berperan sebagai agen perubah dengan melakukan komunikasi persuasif-informatif dalam menyadarkan dan membina masyarakat pedesaan di kecamatan Cimenyan kabupaten Bandung. Difusi komunikasi dakwah yang dilakukan oleh da’i Hidayatullah dalam membina masyarakat pedesaan di kecamatan Cimenyan kabupaten Bandung melalui kegiatan berupa majelis ta’lim, grand MBA, training bina aqidah, taman pendidikan al-qur’an (TPA) dan remaja masjid yang didalamnya disampaikan pesan-pesan dakwah berupa pesan aqidah, syari’ah, dan akhlak. Inovasi komunikasi dakwah yang dilakukan oleh da’i Hidayatullah berupa penyelenggaraan program pemberdayaan yang meliputi pemberdayaan sumber daya manusia (SDM) dan ekonomi masyarakat yang dibentuk melalui kegiatan pelatihan dan pengajian.
Pesan Dakwah dalam Program Televisi Muslim Travelers NET.
Authors: Wijaya Muhammad Deni , Sumijaty Siti , Fatoni Uwes
Published: May 2021

This research discusses the da'wah messages that exist in the Muslim Traveler NET television program. the messages conveyed are adapted to media functions that are informative, persuasive and entertaining. The method used in this study is a qualitative content analysis using a coding sheet, then analyzed together with the resulting data collection made in a descriptive qualitative form. The results of this study found 31 da'wah messages that fit the categories in the study, namely 15 informative da'wah messages, 13 persuasive da'wah messages and 3 entertainment da'wah messages from 5 episodes of Muslim travelers airing in 2018 namely 3 South Korean episodes, 1 South American episode and 1 episode of Spain. informative da'wah messages that discuss a lot about the arrival of Islam, Islamic symbols and information about halal food, persuasive da'wah messages motivate and encouragement to uphold Islamic Shari'a, worship also da'wah and the last, entertainment da'wah message of that displays culture, panorama and artwork.

Penelitian ini membahas tentang pesan dakwah yang ada pada program televisi muslim travelers NET. pesan yang dibahas disesuaikan dengan fungsi media yaitu informatif, persuasif dan hiburan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah analisis isi kualitatif dengan menggunakan coding sheet, lalu dianalisis bersamaan dengan pengumpulan data yang hasilnya dibuat dalam bentuk deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan 31 pesan dakwah yang sesuai dengan kategori dalam penelitian, yaitu 15 pesan dakwah informatif, 13 pesan dakwah persuasif dan 3 pesan dakwah hiburan dari 5 episode muslim travelers yang ditayangkan tahun 2018 yaitu 3 episode Korea Selatan, 1 episode Amerika dan 1 episode Spanyol. Pesan dakwah informatif banyak membahas tentang kedatangan Islam, syiar Islam dan informasi tentang makanan halal, pesan dakwah persuasif meliputi ajakan dan motivasi untuk menegakan syariat Islam, beribadah juga berdakwah dan pesan dakwah hiburan yang menampilkan pemandangan, kebudayaan alam dan karya seni.
Komunikasi Dakwah Ahli HIkmah dengan Pendekatan Terapeutik
Authors: Zulfikar Muhammad Fachri Misbahuddin , Abidin Isep Zaenal , Suryana Cecep
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini mengungkapkan fenomena penerapan komunikasi dakwah ahli hikmah dengan pendekatan terapeutik di empat kecamatan kabupaten Subang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: Pertama, Penerapan komunikasi dakwah ahli hikmah dilakukan dengan melibatkan unsur-unsur komunikasi meliputi komunikator, pesan, metode, dan respon, Pada penerapan komunikasi lebih fokus kepada ahli hikmah sebagai penyampai pesan dakwah; kedua, Pesan dakwah yang disampaikan meliputi materi akidah, syari’ah dan akhlak; ketiga, Metode dakwah yang digunakan, yakni cara nasihat atau al-Mau’idza al-Hasanah; Keempat, Efek (atsar) yang ditunjukkan dengan respon pasien, yakni perubahan sikap atau tingkah laku pasien yang sesuai dengan tujuan dakwah, yaitu menjadikan pasien sebagai manusia yang lebih baik dan bertakwa kepada Allah Swt.
Pesan Dakwah dalam Produk Anak Muslim Afrakids
Authors: Nurjamilatunnisa Septi , Sarbini Ahmad , Fakhruroji Moch.
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the categorization of da'wah messages including the message of faith, moral messages and sharia messages contained in the catalog of shirts. The method used in this study is to use analytical methods using symbol coding, reporting and interpretation techniques. Using data reporting techniques, literature study and categorization. In this study it can be concluded that Afrakids Muslim children's products have a message category with a total of 2 messages or a percentage of 7.7%, has a message categorization with a total of 18 messages or a percentage of 69.2%, and has a sharia message categorization with a total of 6 messages or percentage of 23.1%. Of the three categorization messages of da'wah, do more using messages for children in instilling the values ​​of Islamic teachings in daily life. Followed by the Sharia message and the least message of faith.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kategorisasi pesan dakwah meliputi pesan akidah, pesan akhlak serta pesan syariah yang ada pada katalog kaos tersebut. Adapun metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode analisis isi dengan menggunakan teknik symbol coding, mencatat lambang atau pesan secara sistematis kemudian diberi interpretasi. Adapun teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui dokumentasi, studi pustaka dan kategorisasi. Dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk anak muslim Afrakids memiliki kategori pesan akidah dengan jumlah 2 pesan atau persentase sebanyak 7,7%, memiliki kategorisasi pesan akhlak dengan jumlah 18 pesan atau persentase sebanyak 69,2%, dan memiliki kategorisasi pesan syariah dengan jumlah 6 pesan atau persentase sebanyak 23,1%. Dari ketiga kategorisasi pesan dakwah tersebut, cenderung lebih banyak menggunakan pesan akhlak untuk anak dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai ajaran Islam dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Disusul dengan pesan syariah dan pesan akidah yang paling sedikit.
Kryteria dopuszczenia dzieci do pierwszej komunii św.
Authors: Ryguła Piotr
Published: May 2021

Criteria for the admission of children to First Holy CommunionThe subject of the article is the criteria for the admission of children to the First Communion. The author of the article – in accordance with the an-cient rule ex nihilo nihilo fit – is not limited to a discussion of the cur-rent regulations of the Code of Canon Law of 1983 in this matter, but tries to analyze the historical sources of the regulations in force today. The whole article is divided into four parts. The first one discusses the period of the first twelve centuries. At that time the practice of baptismal communion, i.e. receiving the Eucharistic Body – both by small children and adults – immediately after baptism, together with confirmation, as one of the three sacraments of Christian initiation, dominated. This practice was interrupt-ed with the implementation of the 21 Constitutions of Lateran Council IV, in which, for the adoption of the first communion, the legislator demanded a proper discernment of the person receiving it. This led – as the second part of the article says – to the postponement to later years oflife of the moment of the first reception of Holy Communion and the connection of this event with the pre-communion sacramental confession. The third part of the article discusses the decree of the Holy Congregation for the Sacraments Quam singulari of August 8, 1910, in which the ecclesiastical legislator defined the level of discernment necessary to receive the first communion at the level of seven years of age. Finally, the fourth examines the provisions of the 1917 Code of Canon Law and, in particular, of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, as the regulations that determine the criteria currently in force for the admission of children to the first communion of Saint John of God.
DESIGUALDADE DE GÊNERO NOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS E ANÁLISE DOS STAKEHOLDERS DO CONSELHO NACIONAL DOS DIREITOS DA MULHER
Authors: Benigno Gabriel Oliveira Loiola , Vieira Diego Mota , Oliveira Jessica Eloísa de
Published: May 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a desigualdade entre homens e mulheres nas unidades federativas brasileiras e a atuação dos stakeholders do Conselho Nacional dos Direitos da Mulher (CNDM). Para tal, realizaram-se duas etapas de pesquisa. A primeira é baseada no cálculo de um índice sobre a disparidade entre gêneros nos estados brasileiros a partir da metodologia aplicada no Global Gender Gap Report (GGGR), elaborado pelo Fórum Econômico Mundial. Na segunda, foram mapeados os stakeholders do CNDM e analisada sua atuação diante das lacunas enfatizadas na primeira fase do estudo, à luz de referencial teórico amparado em modelos de análise de stakeholders. No Brasil, as dimensões que apresentaram o pior desempenho foram a política e a econômica, sendo as unidades federativas que obtiveram os melhores índices gerais Amapá, Distrito Federal e Maranhão, e os piores, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais e Paraná. Por outro lado, os stakeholders do CNDM que atuam nas políticas públicas ligadas às dimensões econômica e política parecem não ter grande relevância e capacidade de influência. As evidências indicam que existe concentração de esforços em políticas nas áreas em que o país apresenta bons indicadores no GGGR, como saúde e educação.
First record of Moenkhausia costae (Steindachner 1907) in the Paraíba do Norte basin after the São Francisco River diversion
Authors: Ramos Telton Pedro Anselmo , Lustosa-Costa Silvia Yasmin , Lima Railla Maria Oliveira , Barbosa José Etham de Lucena , Menezes Rosemberg Fernandes
Published: May 2021

Abstract: Construction of water diversions in drylands is boosted by increasing demands for freshwater often due to prolonged droughts. Even though these mega-enterprises result in benefits to society, it also poses a threat to freshwater biodiversity. In Northeastern Brazil, for instance, the São Francisco River Integration Project already supplies water for millions of people, but over time it will also favor the introductions of multiple aquatic species in the river basins of the Northeastern Caatinga and Coastal Drainages ecoregion. These introductions can cause unprecedented impacts in the native ichthyofauna, such as homogenization of freshwater faunas, transmission of pathogens and loss of native species. This study compares the composition and relative frequency of fish species from Poções reservoir using data obtained by gillnetting and trawling before and after the São Francisco diversion in the dry and rainy seasons, and reports the first detection of Moenkhausia costae introduction in the Paraíba do Norte basin, through the São Francisco River channel. Our results show some evidences that M. costae may become dominant and invasive in Poções reservoir. The introduction of M. costae adds a new component of disruption for these freshwaters and may pose a serious threat to the endemic ichthyofauna in lentic and lotic systems from the Paraíba do Norte basin.
Modos de ondas magnetohidrodinámicas influenciados por la corriente de desplazamiento
Authors: Ojeda-González A. , González-Avilés J. J. , Luz V. De La , Santos L. Nunes dos
Published: May 2021

En este artículo trabajamos con la ecuación de velocidad de un fluido magneto-conductor utilizando dos aproximaciones: (i) la ley de Ampère y (ii) tomando en cuenta la corrección de Maxwell. Considerando una dirección arbitraria entre el vector de onda y el campo magnético se obtiene una expresión para la velocidad de fase de la onda. Existen tres modos de onda magnetohidrodinámicas (MHD) cuando la corriente de desplazamiento (Jd) no es considerada. Primero, se hace una comparación de los modos de onda entre sí, y después se comparan con los modos obtenidos con y sin la Jd. La comparación, permite discutir las variaciones entre estos modos MHD en los casos teóricos, cuando la velocidad de Alfvén aumenta hasta valores cercanos a la velocidad de la luz. El objetivo principal del artículo es mostrar la importancia del efecto de la Jd en los modos puro y rápido de ondas MHD, en el caso particular en donde la velocidad de Alfvén es mayor que la velocidad adiabática de una onda acústica. Encontramos que para el modo lento, la Jd prácticamente no influye en el valor de la velocidad de fase de la onda cuando la velocidad de Alfvén aumenta.
Effect of different placement techniques on color stability and surface roughness of resin composites
Authors: KERPEL Fernanda , BAMBERG Ana Carolina , NICOLOSO Gabriel Ferreira , MIOTTI Leonardo Lamberti , DALMOLIN Andressa , SWAROWSKY Luciana Abitante , MARQUEZAN Marcela , DURAND Letícia Brandão
Published: May 2021

Abstract Introduction Longevity and clinical success of dental restorations can be influenced by many factors during the restorative procedures. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different placement techniques on color stability and surface roughness of two resin composites. Material and method The groups of specimens (n=10) were divided according to resin composite (FiltekTM Z250 XT and FiltekTM Z350 XT) and placement technique: Mylar strip, spatula, dry brush, modeling liquid, and surface sealant. Color stability and surface roughness were accessed using a spectrophotometer (CIELab color space) and a rugosimeter (standard cutoff of 0.8 mm), respectively, after water storage. Subsequently, the specimens were immersed in coffee for 48 h and final color was measured. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Tukey’s post hoc test (α=5%) and the correlation between surface roughness (Ra) and color change (∆Eab) was assessed using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Result The different placement techniques influenced Ra and ∆Eab on both resin composites. The groups treated with surface sealant showed greater difference in ∆Eab for both resin composites. The FiltekTM Z250 XT resin showed greater color stability compared with the FiltekTM Z350 XT resin regardless of the placement technique used. Ra of each placement technique was similar among the resin composites except for the FiltekTM Z350 XT modeling liquid group, which presented lower Ra values compared with those of FiltekTM Z250 XT. A correlation between Ra and staining was identified (p=0.268). Conclusion Color stability and Ra are influenced by different placement techniques.
VIOLENCE AGAINST THE OLDER ADULT: PERCEPTIONS OF THE BASIC HEALTH CARE TEAMS
Authors: Alarcon Miriam Fernanda Sanches , Damaceno Daniela Garcia , Cardoso Bruna Carvalho , Braccialli Luzmarina Aparecida Doretto , Sponchiado Viviane Boacnin Yoneda , Marin Maria José Sanches
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand how the professionals working in primary care teams perceive violence against the older adult. Method: a qualitative study, carried out from the conduction of four focus groups with a total of 30 basic care professionals, in the municipality of Marília, São Paulo. Data collection was carried out from November to December 2018. For data analysis, Hermeneutics-Dialectics was adopted. Results: it was revealed that the professionals suspect and identify cases of physical and financial violence and mainly negligence, with the main perpetrator of the aggression being a family member. They recognize that older adults are in complex life contexts and that many situations are beyond their capacity for intervention. They expressed fear and insecurity in reporting the cases and are unaware of the role of the other services, making the approach even more complex. Conclusion: the professionals experience situations of violence against the older adult in their daily lives; however, barriers such as fear of reporting the cases, ignorance of the roles of different professionals, and the inefficiency of the care network hinder the necessary interventions.
Aplicação de um instrumento de triagem do vocabulário para crianças entre 3 e 7 anos: estudo piloto
Authors: Barbosa Alexandre Lucas de Araújo , Lemos Flávia Ferreira , Azoni Cíntia Alves Salgado
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo descrever o desempenho em vocabulário expressivo e receptivo de crianças entre três e sete anos de idade em um instrumento de triagem. Método a amostra foi composta por 133 crianças entre três e sete anos de idade, sem diagnósticos de deficiências ou transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento. Para a triagem, foi utilizado o instrumento TRILHAR, que inclui as habilidades de vocabulário receptivo e expressivo. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney e Correlação de Spearman. Resultado houve diferença no desempenho dos grupos, além de correlação positiva entre a faixa etária e a pontuação na triagem. Ainda, verificou-se diferença nos desempenhos das provas de vocabulário receptivo e expressivo. Conclusão Foi verificada diferença no desempenho dos grupos nas tarefas de vocabulário receptivo, expressivo e no resultado final, com melhores resultados para o grupo de sete anos. Além disso, observou-se correlação positiva entre a idade e o desempenho na triagem, ou seja, quanto maior a idade, melhor o desempenho.
Speech, Spatial and Qualities of hearing scale na avaliação do benefício em usuários de prótese auditiva
Authors: Pennini Patricia Teixeira Menniti , Almeida Katia de
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo foi verificar o grau de confiabilidade do Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ), na avaliação do benefício em usuários de próteses auditivas. Método Participaram do estudo 30 adultos deficientes auditivos, candidatos ao uso (novatos) ou usuários em fase de troca de suas próteses auditivas (experientes). Todos os participantes realizaram avaliação audiológica completa, seleção e adaptação das próteses auditivas que incluiu a verificação com medidas com microfone sonda e avaliação do benefício do uso das próteses auditivas utilizando o questionário Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ). Inicialmente, foi aplicado o questionário SSQ Base, em forma de entrevista. Após quatro semanas de uso das próteses auditivas novas reaplicou-se o questionário SSQ, em sua versão B (para os novatos) e C (para os experientes). Resultados Foi identificada maior dificuldade no domínio Audição para fala, do que nos outros domínios Audição espacial e Qualidades da audição. Todas as questões foram de fácil compreensão para a maioria dos participantes, que relataram serem compatíveis com as situações do seu cotidiano. A análise estatística revelou alto coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach (>0,9), demonstrando boa consistência interna entre os diversos itens do questionário. Demonstrou ser uma valiosa ferramenta para avaliar subjetivamente o desempenho comunicativo com e sem próteses auditivas. Conclusão O SSQ mostrou ser um instrumento de fácil aplicação e com alta confiabilidade que permite avaliação do benefício em indivíduos que se encontram em processo de reabilitação auditiva e pode ser aplicado a indivíduos que utilizam diferentes tipos de próteses auditivas.
Efeitos da presença do cão na expressão de conteúdos psíquicos de um sujeito que gagueja: estudo de caso
Authors: Ichitani Tatiane , Faccin Annelisa Bruna , Costa Julia Biancalana , Juste Fabiola Staróbole , Andrade Claudia Regina Furquim de , Cunha Maria Claudia
Published: May 2021

RESUMO A gagueira gera impactos negativos na qualidade de vida dos sujeitos e está associada a maior risco de desenvolvimento de problemas sociais e psíquicos. Nessa perspectiva, apesar da diversidade das hipóteses etiológicas e dos tratamentos da gagueira, destaca-se a interface entre psicologia e fonoaudiologia na abordagem dos aspectos bio-psíquicos envolvidos nesse quadro clínico. Pesquisas recentes indicam que a presença, especificamente de cães, pode auxiliar o paciente na elaboração simbólica de conteúdos psíquicos. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo desse estudo é avaliar os efeitos da presença do cão na expressão de conteúdos psíquicos de um sujeito que gagueja, com a hipótese de que o enquadre pode reduzir o sintoma. O sujeito é M., sexo feminino, 45 anos, casada, sem filhos, cursou ensino fundamental completo e de auxiliar de cabeleireira. Passou pelo processo de terapia fonoaudiológica na presença do cão. Foi realizada uma entrevista semi-dirigida após o processo. Um cão coterapeuta, da raça Golden Retriever, participou de todas as sessões. Alguns conteúdos subjetivos relevantes observados no setting no decorrer do processo terapêutico fonoaudiológico, os quais parecem ter sido mobilizados pelo enquadre estabelecido pela interação entre terapeuta-paciente-cão, parecem demonstrar associação com a manifestação das disfluências. O cão fez contato físico, deu suporte, motivou e acolheu o sujeito em situações de demonstração de conflitos psíquicos. Assim, este estudo de caso clínico indica que o enquadre da presença e interação do cão favoreceu a redução do sintoma da gagueira, promovendo ambiente acolhedor possibilitando a integração psique-soma do sujeito.
Escala para rastreio de dislexia do desenvolvimento: evidências de validade e fidedignidade
Authors: Bassôa Ana , Costa Adriana C. , Toazza Rudineia , Buchweitz Augusto
Published: May 2021

Resumo Objetivo Investigar validade e fidedignidade de uma escala de rastreio para dislexia do desenvolvimento (DD) no ensino fundamental preenchida por professores. Método Avaliação empírica - 12 professores responderam a Escala de Leitura e Escrita (ELE) sobre 95 alunos de 3º ano do ensino fundamental, em dois momentos; os escolares realizaram testes de leitura e escrita (variáveis externas) para investigar a correlação entre a escala e o desempenho dos mesmos. Realizaram-se (1) análise fatorial, (2) avaliação da consistência interna, (3) investigação da relação entre um item da escala e o construto medido por teoria da resposta ao item (TRI) (4) correlação da escala com variáveis externas (Validade Convergente-VC); e (5) investigação da estabilidade temporal da avaliação. Resultados (1) a escala avalia um único fator; (2) o coeficiente alpha apontou que os itens são bons indicadores do construto; (3) a análise por TRI mostra que todos os itens foram monotônicos, indicando que um único construto determina a variabilidade (4) a correlação de Spearman foi moderada (11/17 itens), apontando a existência de VC; (5) o valor da correlação do coeficiente de estabilidade temporal indica que o resultado da ELE não varia de maneira significativa no tempo; (6) nove crianças obtiveram pontuações que sugerem encaminhamento para uma avaliação diagnóstica devido ao grau de dificuldade apresentado. Conclusão O estudo mostra evidências empíricas de validade e fidedignidade da ELE para rastreio de risco de DD. A porcentagem de crianças com suspeita de DD (aproximadamente 9%) corrobora a literatura internacional sobre prevalência de dislexia.
Vivências de atendimentos ginecológicos por mulheres lésbicas e bissexuais: (in)visibilidades e barreiras para o exercício do direito à saúde
Authors: Rodrigues Julliana Luiz , Falcão Marcia Thereza Couto
Published: May 2021

Resumo Embora lésbicas e mulheres bissexuais tenham sido incluídas nas políticas de saúde, na busca por uma atenção integral e que inclua o reconhecimento da diversidade sexual, a discriminação persiste nos espaços de atenção à saúde, especialmente nas consultas clínicas. Este trabalho, de vertente qualitativa, teve por objetivo discutir, a partir das percepções e vivências dessas mulheres, as relações estabelecidas nas consultas ginecológicas, abordando especificamente a (não) revelação da condição de lésbica/bissexual, as experiências com exames e orientações pertinentes à sexualidade e as dificuldades de negociação de condutas. A produção dos dados empíricos deu-se por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com doze lésbicas e cinco mulheres bissexuais. Os resultados apontam para a invisibilidade bissexual no contexto clínico, para as dificuldades na consulta ginecológica tanto para lésbicas quanto bissexuais e para o temor das mulheres quanto à exposição da orientação sexual, bem como o não reconhecimento de sua sexualidade. Nesse sentido, as consultas em ginecologia continuam centradas em pressupostos heteronormativos, preponderando aspectos reprodutivos em detrimento dos aspectos sexuais da vida.
Características dos adolescentes ofensores sexuais e de suas vítimas: um estudo de processos judiciais
Authors: Bastos Kárita Rachel Pedroso , Eusébio Alexandra Manoela Lemes , Pereira Kethelyn Nayara de Almeida , Silva Thiago Oliveira Souza da , Costa Liana Fortunato
Published: May 2021

Resumo A violência sexual praticada por adolescentes ainda é pouco estudada no Brasil. Conhecer esses sujeitos é fundamental para a compreensão do fenômeno e execução de ações preventivas. Este artigo apresenta características dos adolescentes ofensores sexuais, bem como de suas vítimas e do contexto da violência. Para isso, foram analisados 254 processos judiciais, entre 2013 e 2016, no Distrito Federal, envolvendo 285 ofensores e 291 vítimas. A partir das informações coletadas, elaborou-se um quadro descritivo, cuja análise foi realizada de forma contextualizada e tendo como referência outros importantes estudos na área. Os resultados apontaram a diversidade dos adolescentes ofensores sexuais, porém as informações sobre as famílias foram bastante escassas nos processos. Quanto à idade e à escolaridade, a maior parte cometeu a ofensa com 16/17 anos (41,4%) e cursava o ensino fundamental II (29,5%). Um número significativo de adolescentes tinha envolvimento anterior com a justiça (24,2%). Os abusos foram prioritariamente extrafamiliares (48,5%), com vítimas do sexo feminino (67,7%), entre 10 e 14 anos (40,5%) e conhecidas do ofensor (92,2%). Ressalta-se a complexidade dos casos, impossibilitando intervenções padronizadas e descontextualizadas, assim como a importância de conhecer o contexto social e as relações familiares desses sujeitos com vistas a intervenções mais assertivas.
Prescripciones alimentarias y límites de la medicalización: polifonía y utilización de medios de comunicación en uma población urbana de México
Authors: Meza-Palmeros José Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Resumen La línea argumental del presente trabajo sostiene que la polifonía discursiva contenida en la información relacionada con prescripciones alimentarias, que reproducen diversos sujetos discursivos, contribuye a generar resignificaciones en la población sobre las prescripciones propuestas que se traducen en prácticas alimentarias de refracción, las mismas que pudieran explicar el impacto limitado que han tenido las intervenciones educativas para la promoción de “estilos de vida saludables”. El objetivo fue estudiar el proceso de refracción de la información prescriptiva sobre alimentación e identificar las prácticas alimentarias generadas en la población det un barrio de Monterrey, México, a partir de su interacción con sujetos discursivos claves, incluidos los medios de comunicación. Se realizó una etnografía polifónica de diez meses de duración que incluyó observación participante, entrevistas etnográficas y una encuesta. Se identificaron tres tipos de discursos prescriptivos: restrictivo, selectivo y asociado a la medicamentación. Producto de la refracción de dichos discursos, la población ha generado prácticas de sustitución y de restricción de ciertos alimentos, manifestando con ello su preocupación por la salud infantil.
Pandemia de covid-19: uma análise geopolítica
Authors: Souza José Gilberto , Guimarães Raul
Published: May 2021

Resumo A partir de uma reelaboração crítica das categorias analíticas gramscianas de guerra de posição e de guerra de movimento, em uma perspectiva interescalar, analisam-se as diversas estruturas de poder e como elas se posicionam diante da crise mundial e busca de hegemonia. Tais perspectivas apontam a crise sanitária como uma questão geopolítica e evidenciam as estratégias de instâncias supraestatais (como a Organização Mundial do Comércio, a Organização Mundial da Saúde e a Organização Internacional do Trabalho), de Estados e de grupos econômicos setoriais que expressam as relações de poder, assim como as determinações territoriais que se desenvolvem sobre uma fragmentada sociedade civil, particularmente as camadas mais vulneráveis (povos originários, camponeses e comunidades negras), tendo como centralidade a produção da forma de valor.
Differential Effects of Endothelin-1 Antagonists on Erythropoietin-Induced Hypertension in Renal Failure
Authors: BROCHU EDITH , LACASSE-M SONIA , LARIVIÈRE RICHARD , KINGMA IRIS , GROSE JOHN H. , LEBEL MARCEL
Published: May 2021

Recently, it was reported that blood vessel immuno-reactive endothelin-1 (irET-1) content is increased in hypertensive uremic rats treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO). The present study was designed to evaluate whether ET-1 receptor blockade can prevent the progression of hypertension in renal failure rats receiving rhEPO and, if so, whether selective ETA and nonselective ETA/ETB receptor antagonists are equally effective. Renal failure was induced by a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy; the animals developed uremia, anemia, and hypertension. After a 4-wk stabilization period, the animals received either rhEPO (100 U/kg, subcutaneously, three times per week) or the vehicle for 4 wk. In protocol A, half of the rats in each group were simultaneously treated with the ETA/ETB receptor antagonist bosentan (100 mg/kg per d). In protocol B, half of the rats in each group received the selective ETA receptor antagonist LU135252 (50 mg/kg per d). Systolic BP was recorded before and at 2 and 4 wk after the onset of treatment. Serum creatinine levels and hematocrit were measured before treatment and at the end of the study. Creatinine clearance rates and plasma irET-1 concentrations were determined at the end of the study. rhEPO corrected the anemia, but aggravated the hypertension. There was a slight and similar increase in serum creatinine throughout the treatment period in all groups of rats. Both ET-1 receptor antagonists bosentan and LU135252 were effective in attenuating the progression of hypertension in uremic rats receiving the vehicle (P < 0.05). Treatment with LU135252 corrected the increase in BP in rhEPO-treated rats (160 ± 7 mmHg versus 187 ± 9 mmHg, P < 0.05). In contrast, bosentan did not attenuate the progression of hypertension in rhEPO-treated rats (172 ± 10 mmHg versus 168 ± 9 mmHg, NS). In summary, selective ETA but not ETA/ETB receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in renal failure rats treated with rhEPO. These results suggest that the endothelin system may be involved in the pathogenesis of rhEPO-induced hypertension in uremic rats with a differential role for ETA and ETB receptors.
Converting Enzyme Inhibition and the Glomerular Hemodynamic Response to Glycine in Diabetic Rats
Authors: SLOMOWITZ LARRY A. , PETERSON ORJAN W. , THOMSON SCOTT C.
Published: May 2021

GFR normally increases during glycine infusion. This response is absent in humans and rats with established diabetes mellitus. In diabetic patients, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACEI) restores the effect of glycine on GFR. To ascertain the glomerular hemodynamic basis for this effect of ACEI, micropuncture studies were performed in male Wistar-Froemter rats after 5 to 6 wk of insulin-treated streptozotocin diabetes. The determinants of single-nephron GFR (SNGFR) were assessed in each rat before and during glycine infusion. Studies were performed in diabetics, diabetics after 5 d of ACEI (enlapril in the drinking water), and weight-matched controls. Diabetic rats manifest renal hypertrophy and glomerular hyperfiltration but not glomerular capillary hypertension. ACEI reduced glomerular capillary pressure, increased glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient, and did not mitigate hyperfiltration. In controls, glycine increased SNGFR by 30% due to increased nephron plasma flow. In diabetics, glycine had no effect on any determinant of SNGFR. In ACEI-treated diabetics, the SNGFR response to glycine was indistinguishable from nondiabetics, but the effect of glycine was mediated by greater ultrafiltration pressure rather than by greater plasma flow. These findings demonstrate that: (1) The absent response to glycine in established diabetes does not indicate that renal functional reserve is exhausted by hyperfiltration; and (2) ACEI restores the GFR response to glycine in established diabetes, but this response is mediated by increased ultrafiltration pressure rather than by increased nephron plasma flow.
In Vitro Neutrophil Activation by Antibodies to Proteinase 3 and Myeloperoxidase from Patients with Crescentic Glomerulonephritis
Authors: FRANSSEN CASPER F. M. , HUITEMA MINKE G. , KOBOLD ANNEKE C. MULLER , OOST-KORT WIA W. , LIMBURG PIETER C. , TIEBOSCH ANTON , STEGEMAN COEN A. , KALLENBERG CEES G. M. , TERVAERT JAN W. COHEN
Published: May 2021

Previously, it was found that patients with necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis (NCGN) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) directed against proteinase 3 (anti-PR3) had a faster deterioration of renal function and more active renal vasculitic lesions than patients with ANCA directed against myeloperoxidase (anti-MPO). Because ANCA-mediated neutrophil activation is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of this form of glomerulonephritis, this study was conducted to determine whether anti-PR3 are capable of inducing a more pronounced activation of neutrophils in vitro than anti-MPO. To test this hypothesis, the release of reactive oxygen radicals, as assessed by ferricytochrome c reduction and by dihydrorhodamine 123 oxidation, and the release of granule constituents from healthy donor neutrophils upon stimulation with IgG fractions were measured from 17 anti-PR3- and 14 anti-MPO-positive patients with active NCGN. Patients with anti-PR3 had a higher renal activity index (P < 0.05) compared with patients with anti-MPO. IgG fractions from anti-PR3-positive patients induced more oxygen radical release from tumor necrosis factor-α-primed neutrophils compared with IgG fractions from anti-MPO-positive patients, as assessed by ferricytochrome c reduction (P < 0.05) and dihydrorhodamine 123 oxidation (P < 0.01). In addition, IgG fractions from anti-PR3-positive patients generated more neutrophil degranulation of β-glucuronidase (P < 0.01) than IgG fractions from anti-MPO-positive patients. In conclusion, IgG fractions from anti-PR3-positive patients with NCGN are more potent activators of the respiratory burst and degranulation in vitro than IgG fractions from anti-MPO-positive patients. These observations may be relevant in view of the clinical differences between anti-PR3- and anti-MPO-positive patients with NCGN.
Gene Targeting Approaches to Analyzing Hypertension
Authors: TAKAHASHI NOBUYUKI , SMITHIES OLIVER
Published: May 2021

Essential hypertension probably results from combinations of small genetic variations that are partly normal variations and may not be appreciably harmful individually. Strategies to identify genes contributing to hypertension are discussed in this review. Gene targeting approaches, especially gene titration, have been used in these studies of hypertension. Gene titration experiments vary the expression of a chosen gene product by generating animals having different numbers of copies of the gene coding for the product. Gene titration is powerful for analyzing quantitative variations seen in common polygenic disorders, such as kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis, as well as hypertension, because it allows tests of causation by determining the effects on a phenotype by changes in expression of the altered gene and because it matches normal quantitative variations more closely than is possible with classic transgenic mice. The use of zero-copy (gene “knockout”) animals generated by gene disruption for studies of qualitative gene effects is also discussed. These various gene targeting experiments help identify genes regulating BP, promote a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the condition, and help identify potential targets for therapies.
A Study on Analysis of Sinter Microstructure and Phase Morphology
Authors: BÖLÜKBAŞI Ömer Saltuk
Published: May 2021

Sinter is a blast furnace input material obtained by heating to 900-1200 oC without full melting and adhering to each other with superficial melting. It is considered as a multi-phase material with its sinter heterogeneous microstructure. In general, the main mineral phases are hematite, magnetite, silicoferrite of calcium and aluminium (SFCA) and silicates. By determining the SFCA structure in the sinter material, the sintering process will be made more stable and important parameters affecting the quality in the sintering process will be examined. Sinter material obtained from iron ore, iron and steel industry by products and auxiliary materials. The scope of this project is the determination of the amount of SFCA formed by bonding SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3, Al2O3 and MgO compounds and monitoring this value as a parameter by the enterprise. Sinter samples having different characteristic features will be made ready for X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy inspections by polishing, etching and freezing in epoxy for mineralogical researches. Before raw data obtained from the analysis is evaluated at Autoquan, they will be converted into Autoquan format and then, they will be read in XRD device and mineralogical composition of the sinter will be revealed by XRD analyses. Detailed view of mineralogical compounds will be investigated so as to complete scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses and XRD analyses; elemental composition of the compounds and valence conditions of the elements will be researched by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) method. Hematite, magnetite, calcium ferrite phase structures in different formations will be studied subject to melting and temperature during optical microscopy studies conducted on sinter samples. Furthermore, it will be researched variations of SFCA, SFCA-I and SFCA-II phase structures within the sinter matrix subject to different raw material input and process parameters. It will be ensured to interpret the results through rietveld method.
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) – A useful parameter to assess prognosis in COVID patients
Authors:   Resident, Department of Pathology, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, Maharastra, India, Sahai Dr. Jyotsna , Prabhakar Dr. Patro ,   Professor, Department of Pathology, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, Maharastra, India, Sahu Dr. Shilpi ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, Maharastra, India
Published: May 2021

Background and Objectives: The world is currently grappling with the COVID-19 pandemic.Therefore, it is important to identify reliable and cost-effective biomarkers that can help in triageand early detection of severe patients, thus preventing morbidity and mortality thereby reducing theneed for invasive and critical care management. With this study, we aimed to observe --1) Variations in red cell distribution width (RDW) in survivors and non – survivors of COVID – 19.2) If there is an association between elevated RDW and unfavourable outcome in patients.3) If there was an association between RDW and currently used biomarkers. Method: Aretrospective study was conducted from June – August 2020 on 100 RTPCR confirmed patients, with50 admitted in ICU (non-survivors) and 50 in isolation wards (survivors). Eight laboratoryparameters with their changes were monitored daily on all patients. Results: We found that all eightparameters (RDW, CRP, LDH, Albumin, WBC count, Ferritin, Creatinine, NLR) were markedlyderanged among non-survivors as compared to survivors. A male preponderance was found in thestudy. RDW values progressively increased in non-survivors till the end of the observation period andindicated unfavourable outcome sooner. In survivors, RDW showed minimal variation throughout theobservation period. The RDW values were not affected by complications arising due to COVID-19infection or by therapy as compared to other biomarkers. Conclusions: RDW showed a directrelationship with other commonly used biomarkers and can be successfully used in triage andtreatment of mild, moderate and severe Covid-19 patients.
A role of anti-Mullerian hormone in external genital endometriosis
Authors: Molotkov A. S. , Yarmolinskaya M. I.
Published: May 2021

To understand a role for anti-Muller hormone (AMH) in the development and course of genital endometriosis, we sought out for and analyzed scientific papers in open electronic sources: PubMed, Scopus, eLibrary. We review a role of AMH in females as well as its importance in functioning of the reproductive system, noting that in developing external genital endometriosis its blood level decreases that may either due to ovarian damage or one of the links in the disease pathogenesis. Potential negative consequences of surgical interventions for ovaries as well as means for their prevention are described.
A new epoch in assessing fetal heart condition
Authors: Tsibizova V. I. , Averkin I. I. , Bitsadze V. O. , Kozlenok A. V. , Grekhov E. V. , Pervunina T. M. , Petrov K. V. , Saprykina D. O. , Blinov D. V.
Published: May 2021

Assessment of fetal cardiac function is one of the essential components of fetal echocardiography. Functional impairment is associated with a high risk of adverse perinatal outcomes and even antenatal death. Prenatal detection of hemodynamics changes requires immediate prenatal actions to identify the causes and eliminate the consequences that may require conservative treatment, intrauterine surgical treatment, and early delivery in perinatal centers.
La Italia de Rubén Darío, Enrique Gómez Carrillo y José Carlos Mariátegui, 1900-1921
Authors: De la Mora Valencia Rogelio
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo examina las relaciones de Rubén Darío (1867-1916), Enrique Gómez Carrillo (1873-1927) y José Carlos Mariátegui (1894-1930) con el contexto intelectual y cultural italiano durante sus estancias respectivas en la península itálica. Específicamente, el análisis se enfoca en el caso de los dos primeros, uno a través de los testimonios de su estancia en Italia; el segundo mediante sus escritos y sus vínculos directos con destacados decadentistas y vanguardistas; respecto de Mariátegui, sobre las circunstancias en las que escribe sus Cartas de Italia, en vinculación con L’Ordine Nuovo, dirigido por Antonio Gramsci, y con la presencia de Piero Gobetti. Este texto, que recurre en gran parte a producciones historiográficas recientes, concluye al evidenciar la interacción de los actores con el componente histórico.
Approach Paper: IDB Support to Strengthen Public Sector Transparency and Integrity in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Bouillon César P. , Rodrigo Maria Fernanda , Infanzón Michelle , Dyer Henry , Andrade Sakaguchi Sumiko
Published: May 2021

As part of its 2020-2021 work program, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) will conduct an evaluation of the Inter-American Development Bank efforts to strengthen public sector transparency and integrity (T&I) in Latin America and the Caribbean since 2010. The evaluation aims at takings stock of IDB activities in the area of Transparency and Integrity between 2010 and 2019 and at extracting insights from the implementation of these activities. The evaluation will also provide insights for country dialogue and the prioritization and design of future IDB activities and operations to support public sector transparency and integrity in the region.
Du quilt aux « masques COVID » : L’exercice d’application des normes AFNOR relève-t-il du bricolage de fortune ou du geste de participation civile ?
Authors: Trigeaud Sophie-Hélène
Published: May 2021

De nombreuses personnes mobilisées pour la confection de masques artisanaux visant à parer la crise de la COVID-19 pratiquent ordinairement une couture de loisirs, parfois artistique (comme c’est le cas de certains pratiquants du quilting). Or, cette production, au-delà de sa finalité pratique, impose la maîtrise de normes techniques et scientifiques précises, comme celles de l’Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR). Notre étude s’intéresse au passage de l’une à l’autre de ces activités pour comprendre ce que cette production a signifié pour ses acteurs. Ayant conduit une enquête anthropologique associant les méthodes du terrain in situ à l’exploration des mondes virtuels, nous avons voulu interroger les couturières et couturiers concernés au moyen d’un questionnaire en ligne, cette approche permettant d’aller à leur rencontre, malgré le contexte sanitaire. La question de la participation civile en temps de crise s’est finalement posée dans l’examen d’une mobilisation trop rapidement présentée comme un bricolage de fortune.