bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis del síndrome de Burnout y Work Engagement en obreros del área de la construcción en la ciudad de Riobamba, aplicando los cuestionarios de Maslach Burnout Inventory y Uwes.
Authors: Bastidas Alarcón Fabián Eduardo , Cruz Siguenza Eder Lenin , Cepeda Godoy Carlos Ramiro , Mejía Paucar Luis Miguel , Noguera Cunda Andrés Joao
Published: December 2018

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar si se presenta el síndrome de Burnout, relacionado con los niveles de estrés, que se desarrollan en el ámbito laboral por el exceso de carga laboral, de los trabajadores que se dedican a la construcción, además realizar un análisis de los niveles de Work Engagement, que se relaciona al buen comportamiento o estado mental positivo en las actividades desarrolladas en esta área, en la ciudad de Riobamba, para efectuar el estudio se realizó un análisis descriptivo – correlacional y comparativa para un análisis de estrés y la investigación también posee metodologías de estimación para validar factores latentes de vigor, dedicación y absorción, con la aplicación de dos encuestas; a un total de 38 obreros con edades que oscilan entre los 20 a 49 años, y que trabajan en promedio 11 horas al día. La herramienta utilizada para evaluar el síndrome de Burnout es el cuestionario de Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) que consta de 22 ítems dividida en tres dimensiones, y Utrech Work Engagement Scale (UWES) que consta de 17 preguntas dividida en tres aspectos que son: vigor, dedicación, absorción. Los resultados obtenidos después del estudio arrojaron que 22 personas no presentan cansancio emocional, 22 personas presentan la dimensión de despersonalización y 14 personas tiene problemas de realización personal. De 38 obreros constructores, 18 presentan Síndrome de Burnout. Del Work Engagement, 32 personas (84%) tiene un buen nivel de vigor ,35 personas (92%) tienen un buen nivel de dedicación y 33 personas (88%) tiene un buen nivel de absorción.
Sistema Embebido Basado en FPGA Para el Monitoreo de Condiciones Ambientales
Authors: Encalada Ruíz Patricio German , Córdova Suárez Manolo Alexander , Ruíz Robalino Oscar Eduardo , Vega Pérez José Geovanny , Liger Manzano Tamara de los Ángeles , Sánchez Almeida Leonardo
Published: December 2018

Este documento presenta el diseño de un sistema embebido basado en FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) para la adquisición de señales correspondientes a variables físicas tales como luz, sonido, temperatura, humedad, monóxido de carbono (CO), metano (CH4), gas licuado de petróleo (C3H8 + C4H10) para luego ser visualizadas en diferentes plataformas en donde residen interfaces de usuario del sistema, el cual también maneja una base de datos con el objetivo de realizar reportes técnicos de las condiciones ambientales que influyen en una persona en su ámbito laboral o en cualquier ambiente en donde necesitemos monitorear datos. Con una FPGA como CPU del sistema se obtiene un Scan Rate en el orden de los nanosegundos, pudiendo así obtener una base de datos más sólida en el momento de tomar decisiones sobre la condición del ambiente monitoreado y en especial en variables cuyo cambio o variación en la línea de tiempo son extremadamente rápidos.

La base de datos monitoreada corresponde al campo real adquirido con una tasa de adquisición promedio de 25 nS utilizando circuitos reconfigurables, lo que permite observar la evolución de las variables con un tiempo de cambio muy rápido.

MÉTODOS: Durante la ejecución de la investigación, se inició mediante la verificación de las variables que se pueden medir en un entorno de trabajo industrial o doméstico, para luego establecer los límites altos y bajos de medición que darían paso a la elección de sensores.

La programación y visualización y las pruebas se realizaron en LABView, donde la programación gráfica ayudó a poner en marcha el FPGA de manera rápida y eficiente, que luego se reconfiguró en la escala y la normalización y se basó en la comparación de la medición con dispositivos estándar.

Después de esta actividad, las señales se almacenaron en bases de datos y se enviaron a dispositivos de visualización para interactuar con el usuario.

RESULTADOS: El dispositivo diseñado es adecuado para la medición de variables físicas como luz, sonido, temperatura, humedad, monóxido de carbono (CO), metano (CH4), gas licuado de petróleo (C3H8 + C4H10), que se almacenan en una base de datos para Su posterior análisis de entornos, con una tasa de conversión de analógico a digital, presentación en sistemas de visualización y análisis de 25 nS, a diferencia de los dispositivos actuales en el mercado basados ​​en microprocesador. CONCLUSIÓN: El FPGA de una manera tradicional ha sido programado en lenguaje VHDL (VHSIC (Circuito Integrado de Muy Alta Velocidad) Lenguaje de Descripción del Hardware), que fue reemplazado por el Lenguaje G (Lenguaje Gráfico) utilizado en LabVIEW, acelerando así la puesta en marcha del sistema.

Se  recomienda usarlo por la facilidad de que la persona especializada en el análisis de los datos pueda tener acceso a la información de manera comprensible.
Displasia congénita de la válvula tricúspide (anomalía de ebstein). A propósito de un caso en varón de 40 años.
Authors: Montesdeoca Santana Steffania Renata , Vera Loor Gema Gabriela , Aguirre Palacios Fernando Antonio , Valdiviezo Valenzuela Elsie
Published: December 2018

La anomalía de Ebstein es una cardiopatía congénita rara, de presentación aislada en adultos, con una incidencia de aproximadamente 0.03% de todas las cardiopatías congénitas, que puede presentarse aislada o asociada, caracterizada por la implantación anómala de la válvula tricúspide produciendo insuficiencia de la misma; la forma y edad de presentación dependen del grado de disfunción valvular y tamaño del ventrículo. Se presenta a continuación el caso de un varón de 40 años quien refiere haber sido diagnosticado hace 10 años de una presunta cardiopatía congénita cuyo nombre desconoce, negándose a tratamientos y controles en ese momento, que ahora ingresa por emergencia en grado funcional III/IV de la NYHA, la exploración física sugiere insuficiencia tricuspídea, y cardiomegalia por lo que es ingresado para tratamiento y estudio en el que se confirma por ecocardiografía transtorácica y transesofágica la presencia de displasia congénita de válvula tricúspide severa o anomalìa de Ebstein aislada.
Selección de personal en tiempo de crisis.
Authors: Bermeo Cesarl , Patricio Mera
Published: December 2018

El país vive momentos de crisis afrontados desde diferentes frentes tanto el económico como el social ya que el Ecuador vive una oleada de inmigrantes venezolanos en su mayoría y esto ha provocado modificaciones en los procedimientos llevados a cabo por las Unidades de Talento Humano, así como en sus usos organizativos y competenciales. La selección de personal se está realizando sin considerar los requisitos fundamentales dando cabida al factor numérico o contable que al factor humano. Desembocando en la pérdida de calidad de los procesos y en los reclutadores permitiendo que las contrataciones se vuelvan de emergencia sin cumplir estos procesos. Teniendo como consecuencia a corto o mediano plazo el enfrentarse con las consecuencias de una selección sin sustento que llevará a la empresa a pérdidas de tiempo y económicas. En conclusión, las empresas perderán competitividad y por ende la alta rotación perdiendo a sus, mejores trabajadores.
Factores determinantes de la productividad: Un análisis multivariante de la industria ecuatoriana
Authors: Carvajal Larenas Ramiro Patricio , Saltos Cruz Juan Gabriel , Camacho Tipán Henry Javier
Published: December 2018

La productividad empresarial actualmente es un factor que muchas industrias no le prestan mucha atención, o que simplemente lo relacionan con producir la mayor cantidad de bienes. Esta permite a la organización alcanzar niveles de competitividad superior, y por consiguiente generar grandes beneficios para los actores involucrados (empresa, sociedad y trabajadores). Para esta investigación a la productividad se la concibe como la íntima relación entre el buen manejo de los recursos (humano, tecnológico, capital, material), la generación de conocimiento y por consiguiente la mejora continua de la industria. El objetivo principal de la investigación fue estudiar el índice de productividad de las industrias de Tungurahua, esto a partir de la aplicación del método hipotético deductivo. Para la validación del sistema categorial propuesto se realizó mediciones a una muestra representativa de los principales sectores industriales de la provincia, a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado de métricas de intervalo con escalas de razón. En el análisis estadístico se aplicó del análisis factorial exploratorio a partir del método de máxima verosimilitud. Los resultados encontrados denotan que la productividad en la industria gira en torno a las variables: recursos humanos, materiales, y la ubicación estratégica de las empresas.
Estimación cuantitativa y cálculo de emisiones ambientales (huella de carbono), en el terminal terrestre de la ciudad de Guaranda.
Authors: Córdova Suárez Manolo Alexander , Medina Cunalata Christian Patricio , Ruíz Robalino Oscar Eduardo , Vega Pérez José Geovanny , Sosa Cárdenas Julio Cesar , Sánchez Almeida Edwin Leonardo
Published: December 2018

La contaminación del aire se ha visto afectada por la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero, gases como el metano, dióxido de carbono entre otros que son los responsables de los cambios climáticos, algunos por causas naturales y otras de origen antropogénico. (Díaz Cordero, 2012).

De las emisiones emitidas al ambiente el dióxido de carbono es el gas más importante de los gases de efecto invernadero, las emisiones antropogénicas generadas por procesos de quema de combustibles fósiles representan el 75 % de las emisiones, generadas por el consumo de energía y por el sector del transporte.  (Pizzinato, 2009)

Entre las principales causas generadas por el cambio climático en la salud de las personas, está la posible  modificación en la transmisión de enfermedades infecciosas, y rápidas vías de contagio a través de virus, bacterias y otros microorganismos. (Corvalán, 2003)

MÉTODOS: el desarrollo de la metodología se resume en tres partes para la estimación  de la huella de carbono, la primera mediante la clasificación de la flota de autobuses por la norma EURO con el fin de categorizar y evidenciar  la tecnología que más influye en la emisión de gases, segundo la medición de gases de efecto invernadero mediante el uso del equipo Bacharach ECA 450 a través de una sonda que dispone el equipo, medición directa en la fuente de emisión el tubo de escape, y tercero la valoración de los resultados de acuerdo a la normas internacionales ISO 14064 y GHG protocol.

RESULTADOS: se realizó la medición directa en la fuente de 267 buses que fueron objeto de estudio, clasificados por tecnología EURO para la identificación del principal contribuyente de la Huella de Carbono, siendo EURO II la tecnología por unidad que más emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero contribuye al cambio climático.

CONCLUSIÓN: se realizó la estimación cuantitativa de la Huella de carbono del Terminal Terrestre de la ciudad de Guaranda emitiendo un total de 31990,21 t CO2-e, al año, valor que casi en su totalidad, corresponde a la fuente de emisión de los tubos de escape de la flota de autobuses que cumplen funciones de servicio de transporte.
Evaluativity and structural competition
Authors: Moracchini Sophie
Published: December 2018

In this paper, I develop an account of evaluativity in comparative constructions that improves upon Jessica Rett’s theory of evaluativity (2007, 2008). Rett proposes that evaluative interpretations result from the presence of a freely-occurring EVAL morpheme which introduces the reference to a contextual standard. According to Rett, whenever a degree construction is obligatorily evaluative, it is because its non-evaluative parse is blocked by a markedness competition. A limit of this proposal is that markedness comes as a stipulation. In this paper, I propose a principled way for generating competing candidates based on the structural complexity of aPs. I introduce the LF-principle Minimize aPs! that penalizes structurally complex degree expressions whenever they have semantically equivalent, yet structurally simpler counterparts. In addition, a PF-filter, Myers' Generalization, is argued to impose a wellformedness condition on morphologically complex expressions, thereby restricting further the set of competitors for semantic competition. The resulting picture regards the solution to the evaluativity puzzle as being at the crossroads of the different modules of the grammar.
Logical Integrity
Authors: Anvari Amir
Published: December 2018

Building on previous literature I argue that the principle Maximize Presupposition! as standardly conceived is too permissive in that it sanctions certain utterances that are intuitively infelicitous. I propose as an alternative to MP a novel principle called Logical Integrity and I showed that while LI makes the same prediction as MP for the basic cases it is restrictive enough to account for the problematic cases discussed. Furthermore, I argue that LI without further ado make interesting predictions for a novel type of example, the cases discussed in Magri (2009), and Hurford's Constraint. Finally, I discuss and defused one potential counter-example to LI.
Forces at the interface of gradability and quantification
Authors: Coppock Elizabeth , Bogal-Allbritten Elizabeth
Published: December 2018

This paper ties together four cross-linguistic generalizations: (i) proportional readings for quantity superlatives are typologically marked; (ii) adverbial superlatives have only relative readings; (iii) quantity superlatives agree in number with the noun on proportional, but not relative readings; (iv) adverbial morphosyntax can be used with quantity superlatives on relative readings. We propose that the commonalities between quantity and adverbial superlatives are due to the fact that comparison is being made among degrees or events rather than individuals, and offer a compositional account.
Ellipsis in tautologous conditionals: the contrast condition on ellipsis
Authors: Stockwell Richard
Published: December 2018

I compare two theories to account for the novel observation that ellipsis is ungrammatical in tautologous conditionals, e.g. If John is wrong, then he is *(wrong).  One theory attributes the ungrammaticality to a contrast failure in ellipsis parallelism (Rooth 1992a,b); the other to triviality at a more abstract, logical level (Gajewski 2009). The ellipsis parallelism theory prevails on further data, joining Griffiths (to appear) in arguing that contrast plays a role in ellipsis licensing. Contrast is further shown to be sensitive to intensionality.
More free choice and more inclusion: An experimental investigation of free choice in nonmonotonic environments
Authors: Gotzner Nicole , Romoli Jacopo , Santorio Paolo
Published: December 2018

Disjunctions in the scope of possibility modals give rise to a conjunctive inference, generally labeled 'free choice'. A prominent approach derives free choice as a kind of scalar implicature. In this paper, we focus on the predictions of two main type of accounts within this approach, with the goal of investigating what implicature-generating algorithm best captures free choice and related data. The first is based on a standard algorithm for computing implicatures, which proceeds by negating (or 'excluding') alternatives to a sentence and adding the information so obtained to the assertion. The second proceeds by directly conjoining alternatives to the assertion (or 'including' them). This paper provides evidence that discriminates between the exclusion and the inclusion accounts. We focus on sentences involving possibility modals and disjunctions in the scope of nonmonotonic quantifiers: our key example is "Exactly one girl cannot take Spanish or Calculus". We report on an inferential task experiment testing this case. We find clear evidence that the sentence has a free-choice-type reading, on which it suggests that one girl cannot take either Spanish or Calculus and all of the others can choose between the two. This is challenging for exclusion accounts, but in line with the predictions of inclusion accounts. This case constitutes, therefore, an argument for inclusion accounts.
Diversity of intervention effects: Unifying three Mandarin Chinese dou constructions
Authors: Qing Ciyang
Published: December 2018

I propose a novel and principled way to combine Hamblin/Kratzer-Shimoyama style question semantics and Rooth’s focus semantics and show thatit provides a unified semantic account of the seemingly idiosyncratic ordering re-strictions in three Mandarin constructions with the preverbal focus-sensitive particledou, in terms of various intervention effects.
The semantics of habituality as an argument for event-mediated quantification
Authors: Alexeyenko Sascha
Published: December 2018

The goals of this paper are two-fold. On the one hand, it has as its aim an analysis of the semantics of habituality in the framework of event semantics. In particular, it will be argued that a proper treatment of habituality must minimally meet the following desiderata: (a) allow a unified analysis of the habitual and the progressive as different subtypes of the imperfective, (b) work both for bare habituals and for habituals that contain certain kinds of quantificational elements, and (c) be able to model the scope behavior of indefinites in habituals of both types. Based on various existing proposals, an analysis along these lines will be put forward and formalized. On the other hand, the paper also seeks to show that a habitual semantics that meets these desiderata cannot be implemented in combination with a classical GQ analysis of quantificational DPs, but follows without any additional stipulations if an event-based approach to quantification is adopted. Thus, habituals provide a further argument in favor of modeling distributive quantification with the mediation of events.
Compositional paths to de re
Authors: Deal Amy Rose
Published: December 2018

I argue that attitude reports de re arise compositionally via two distinct LF mechanisms. One mechanism allows the res to remain inside the embedded clause syntactically, and does not treat the res as an argument of the attitude verb semantically (Percus & Sauerland 2003, Ninan 2012). The other involves the res semantically serving as an argument of the attitude verb, and syntactically occupying a distinctive res position external to the embedded clause (Heim 1994). I show that both LF mechanisms are made use of by a single natural language, Nez Perce, and that Nez Perce allows the distinctive res position to be filled by covert movement (res-movement) or by base-generation.
How do compositional semantics and conceptual structures interact? A case study on German mental attitude adverbials
Authors: Buscher Frauke
Published: December 2018

This paper discusses German adverbials such as absichtlich ‘intentionally’ and freiwillig ‘voluntarily’ to gain deeper insights into the intricate interaction of compositional semantics and conceptual structures. The case study reveals the impact of conceptual knowledge on the adverbial’s interpretation and, moreover, how lexical semantics may curb the impact of conceptual knowledge. Based on the compositional interpretation of the adverbials, this paper argues against an underspecification analysis and proposes a coercion analysis spelled out in Asher’s (2011) Type Composition Logic.
Jardins historiques : de l’archéologie à la restauration, définition des protocoles
Authors: Allimant-Verdillon Anne
Published: December 2018

À la lumière des fouilles archéologiques menées depuis 1993 en France, le jardin dévoile sa vraie nature : celle d’un espace artificiel, véritable architecture de terre et d’eau, pensé et conçu en fonction du terrain qu’il occupe, doté de « fondations » et d’aménagements complexes destinés à assurer sa pérennité. Appréhender de tels concepts ne peut cependant se faire sans la mise au point de processus spécifiques. L’archéologie des jardins, de par les matériaux qu’elle traite – de la terre dans de la terre –, mise en œuvre autour d’un patrimoine vivant, inscrite au sein de protocoles dont l’étendue va du diagnostic jusqu’à la restauration, fait partie de ces domaines de recherche pour lesquels il a fallu dépasser les prérogatives de la seule discipline archéologique. Car, à la différence des fouilles préventives, effectuées préalablement à la destruction totale ou partielle des sites, l’archéologie appliquée à un projet de restauration de jardin revêt un aspect inversement constructif. Pour cela, l’archéologue se doit de fournir des contenus susceptibles non seulement de faire progresser la recherche, mais aussi d’aider les restaurateurs dans leur future intervention.
Social Exchange Between a DMO and Its Stakeholders: A Case Study in the Rural Southeast United States
Authors: Sebby Angela G.
Published: December 2018

Many rural areas in the Southeastern United States implement tourism to supplement the declining manufacturing and farming opportunities in their communities. Through informative resources from the USDA, regional tourism development projects, the Main Street America program, and national, state, and regional grants, rural communities have the necessary building blocks readily available to advance tourism projects. However, numerous rural counties still incur obstacles in the development of tourism, resulting in the inability for them to sustain a viable destination area.Destination Marketing Organizations (DMOs) appear ineffective in marketing the rural area as a destination that fully embodies the culture, history, and natural resources it exhibits due to small-town politics, naivety of the benefits of tourism, and misaligned brand images. Consequently, visitor demands and expectations cannot be met due to the lack of trust in the DMO’s ability to recognize the stakeholders’ contributions for the betterment of the community as a destination brand.Understanding how to obtain stakeholders’ confidence, a DMO can develop strategic relationships through continual and consistent social exchange, strengthened over time, as trust evolves. These relationships sustain the all-inclusive brand image for the rural destination area, increasing visitor satisfaction and, therefore, stakeholder investments.
Ownership Structure and Firm Performance: A Pragmatic Evidence From Pakistan
Authors: Katper Naveeda Akhter , Anand Vivake , Kazi Adbul Subhan
Published: December 2018

Agency theory suggests that allowing managers to participate in firm’s ownership assists as an operative instrument to cut agency costs and augment performance of the firm. While the managerial ownership’s role in corporate performance has been profoundly scrutinized for the firms in developed countries, there is a lack of such research, in black and white, on the non-financial firms in developing countries. The study aims seeks to inspect the impression of managerial ownership on the performance of Pakistani firms. This observational investigation endeavours to look for a connection between managerial ownership and firm execution on the 75 firms from 2009 to 2013 in Pakistan. Using panel data models, this study finds mixed results in different methods. We find no strong evidence for the managerial ownership as a significant determinant of the corporate performance for the given sample of Pakistani firms. Besides, the connection is vigorous to various procedures of firm.
Financial Development and Economic Growth: Time Series Analysis of Economy of Pakistan
Authors: Malik Muhammad Shoukat , Hayee Raisham , Adeel Raima
Published: December 2018

This study aims in understanding the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth. This research used annual data and applied dickey fuller test and granger causality test in order to understand stationary level and causation in variables. The results of this test give support to first hypothesis that financial development causes economic growth. While no evidence was found on the support of our second hypothesis i.e. economic growth is causing financial development.
Factors Affecting Equity and Its Impact on Insurance Premium of General Insurance Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Salim M. Noor , Sukarman Sukarman
Published: December 2018

The phenomenon that was appointed to be the object of research was the decline in the percentage of premium income in general insurance companies in Indonesia while the equity value (capitalization) of the company increased. This study aims to determine the effect that occurs due to the influence of the variables of free working capital, investment, assets and equity on the acquisition of premiums. The research data is secondary data taken from the OJK website. Processing data using multiple linear regression methods, and using two sub-structure equation techniques because in this study using intervening variables. From the results of the study conclusions are as follows: Working capital does not have a significant positive effect on equity, investment has a significant positive effect on equity, assets do not have a significant effect on equity, working capital does not significantly influence the acquisition of premiums, investment does not significantly influence the acquisition of premiums, assets no significant effect on the acquisition of premiums, equity has a positive and significant effect on the acquisition of premiums. In this study, equity mediates the effect of working capital, investment, assets on the acquisition of premiums.
The imperatives of Sustainable Development in Ukrainian higher education
Authors: Svyrydenko Denys , Yatsenko Olena
Published: December 2018

This article deals with the problem of the forming an imperative of Sustainable Development. The content and ideological potential of the idea of Sustainable Development are analyzed. The necessity of introducing informational and educational policies in the course of implementation of the principles of Sustainable Development is substantiated. The main disadvantages and problems of the system of higher education in Ukraine are considered in light of the of the idea of Sustainable Development. It has been proven that the content of the concept "ecological" significantly expands the context of expediency in implementing the strategy of Sustainable Development.
Fundament globalnych zagrożeń
Authors: Najder-Stefaniak Krystyna
Published: December 2018

Modern threatshavebeams with humanactivity. Thisactivityisinspired and organized by values. In the valuationmethod one shouldlook for the foundation of globalthreats. Valuationisconditioned by the form of culture in whichmanrealizeshisexistence. In the 21st century, twotypes of culturefunctionside by side: culture of provisionality and ecologicalculture. Both are the answer to a worldcalled to exist by humanactivity. Thisanswercan be twofold: adaptation to the situationoritscreativemodification. The firsttypeis most visible in culture, whichhasabandonedcontinuity in time for temporariness and accentuates the present. The secondtypeisseen in a culturethatemphasizeslastingvalues and promotesunderstandingorganized by the metaphor of the ecosystem. Ecologicalcultureprovidesideaswhoseimplementationis to make the worldfriendly to people and support life. In the culture of provisionality, we find a source of globalthreats. Ecologicalcultureappreciatesuniversalvalues, emphasizes the continuity of time and enablessolidarity. The culture of immediateitydoes not needuniversalvalues, itatomizestime and inspiresgreed and competition. Universal valuesgive a chance for such a relationship with a realitythatdoes not close the activity in a specific system of being. Theyenable the life of activitysystems and overcoming modern threats.
The History of Sharing Video Content in Poland: Analog copies of the 1980s as a Factor of Digital Peer Re-production in the 2000s
Authors: Filiciak Mirosław , Toczyski Piotr
Published: December 2018

We depict practices of Polish audiences in communist Poland and the transition of these practices after the fall of communism. In Eastern Europe, digital distribution of video content has been built on semi-peripheral culture of VHS tapes copying and sharing. Although the unique Polish 20th century historical trajectory contains the experience of being excluded from Western popular culture, the first decade of 21st century brought unlimited digital access to audiovisual content. Peer re-production, a non-creative mode of participation increased. Our article provides new historical data illustrating this specificity both in terms of historical experience and globalizing technological progress.
Problem z wdrażaniem rozwoju zrównoważonego w perspektywie rozwoju przyspieszonego
Authors: Leźnicki Marcin
Published: December 2018

In this article I discuss two main types of development: sustainable and accelerated, which largely contradict each other. I highlight the differences between these two types of developments and describe the reasons behind the growing interest in accelerated development. I also speculate about conditions needed to achieve accelerated development in a democratic setting characterised by neoliberal economy. Moreover, I present arguments that are raised by both opponents and supporters of sustainable development.
Extracting Structural Holes in Iran Medical Genetics Scientists’ Co-authorship Network: A Case Study of Faculty Members in Five Selected Centers
Authors: Zarei Mitra , Salari Mahmoud , Jafarzadeh Zahra
Published: December 2018

Background: Structural holes as a considerable issue in network approach can be tracked in central indices. Objectives: This research aims to survey indices that can measure structural holes. We are looking for the most important scientific authors and their connections in the field of medical genetics to facilitate information flow in the network of medical genetics relations. Methods: First, co-authorship network of Iranian medical genetics scientists (faculty members) was extracted via searching Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases, as a result of which 7451 articles were retrieved. With co-authorship techniques, the most central nodes in the network were picked as highlighted scientists. In the next phase, two other indices (i.e., hypertext induced topics search [HITS] and PageRank) were calculated with the help of Sci2 and compared to redundancy, efficiency and effective size as structural hole indices. Results: There was a significant relationship between the two groups of indices. There were few structural holes in our network because redundancy and constraint were low. Constraint index and centrality indices can be used for extracting structural holes. Conclusions: In confirmation of previous studies, the constraint index can be used as a method for extracting structural holes. Compared to the HITS algorithm, the constraint index works best in this regard. At the same time, the study of HITS and PageRank indicators showed a significant association between the figures derived from the calculation of these two indicators, and each one can be employed to find structural holes.
Artifacts as Rules
Authors: Young Mark Thomas ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2018

My goal in this article is to explore the extent to which the conception of rule-following which emerges from Wittgenstein’s later works can also yield important insights concerning the nature of technological practices. In particular, this article aims to examine how two interrelated themes of Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations can be applied in the philosophical analysis of technology. Our first theme concerns linguistic practice; broadly construed, it is the claim that the use of language cannot be understood as determined by a system of context independent rules. The second, interrelated theme emerges as a consequence of the first; that the meaning of language is rendered indeterminate when analyzed in isolation from contexts of practice. Following the common tendency in the sociology of technology to draw analogies between language and technology, I aim to show how the arguments that Wittgenstein makes for these two claims concerning language can also help us to understand the relation between technical artifacts and technological practices. For, similar to Wittgenstein’s account of rules, it will be shown how artifacts cannot be adequately understood in isolation from a wider background of skillful practice and interpretation. To illustrate this idea, we will examine the case of the Geiger counter, with a view towards illustrating how important aspects of the function of the device are rendered indeterminate when assessed on the basis of physical design alone.
I bassäng med nationen - när simmande kroppar blir gemenskap
Authors: Ernberg Mathilda
Published: December 2018

Swimming with the nation – when swimming bodies become communityIn this article, national belonging is discussed and demonstrated as a political and historical situated project through an examination of contemporary debates concerning the possibility of gender-segregated opening-hours in Danish bath-houses. Drawing on postcolonial feminist understandings, the article shows how these debates relate to otherness, diversity and national identity. Further, the debates can be seen as part of political and national interests and power-relations, where a (hi)story of progress and development is being used to establish certain hierarchies and feelings of superiority, especially in relation to gender, race, and sexuality. The article finds these interests manifested in, and though, perceptions and constructions of agency and certain bodies, limited space for agency and being.
#walkouton77: football fan activism in Premier League
Authors: Olesen Mogens
Published: December 2018

This article provides an analysis and a discussion of a protest over ticket prices among fans of the English football club, Liverpool FC. The protest was organized with the hashtag #walkouton77 and combined social media activity with a massive walkout during a globally televised football match. I explore the #walkouton77 protest from two perspectives: Firstly, how fan-activity transformed a franchised TV football match into a transmedia event. Secondly, how fan activism combines cultural and political dimensions as well as offline and online dimensions. It is suggested that football fan activism holds distinguished fan activism potentials demonstrated by the #walkouton77 movement influencing the LFC owners’ club-as-commodity discourses by promoting a club-as-culture discourse. It is concluded the football fans are able to function as collective cultural critics thereby obtaining a position as co-authors of the club as a cultural institution.
PewDiePie som kulturkritisk aktør – metakritik og konstruktionen af ’indie’
Authors: Nielsen Louise Yung
Published: December 2018

Verdens mest populære youtuber PewDiePie har gentagne gange kritiseret både YouTube og de mainstreammedier, der begge har været med til at give han positionen som den mest populære youtuber nogensinde. Denne artikel er interesseret i at undersøge, hvordan PewDiePie forhandler sin position som youtuber, hvor han er afhængig af at fremstå troværdig og autentisk samtidig med, at hans relationer til sit publikum er økonomisk profitskabende. Artiklen trækker på teoretiske diskussioner om indieidealet, der med sin dialektiske forståelse af relationen mellem indiekulturprodukter og mainstreamkulturprodukter er med til at åbne for en læsning af PewDiePies håndtering af kritikken, han retter mod YouTube og mainstreammedierne. Yderligere adresserer artiklen også, om man kan tale om en nykonfiguration af indieidealet i kontekst af denne ekstremt kommercielle kultur.
Danske intellektuelle på Facebook - eksemplificeret ved Svend Brinkmann og Carsten Jensen
Authors: Svendsen Erik
Published: December 2018

The article analyses how two unique Danish intellectual voices, Professor Svend Brinkmann and writer Carsten Jensen, use Facebook as a platform. It argues, on the one hand, that Facebook offers direct access to the two intellectuals’ followers and readers but on the other hand also creates communicative challenges. The article asks in particular whether the Brinkmann and Jensen follow or depart form the communicative practices afforded by the platform. After an initial review of the literature about the public intellectual, the analysis of Brinkmann’s and Jensen’s use of Facebook shows how Brinkman manages to invent new short forms which grant him extended public impact, whereas Jensen uses Facebook to extend his work as a polemist. Moreover, the analysis argues that both intellectuals perform a private self and position themselves vertically and authoritatively in relation to their followers. In addition, like most other Facebook users, they also promote themselves and their activities. Habermas once pointed to social media’s ambivalences vis à vis the intellectual. The article’s analysis substantiates this claim.
Sprogforståelse efter 20 år i Danmark: tolkning af anaforer i ledsætninger
Authors: Prohic Donna Eleanor , Engberg-Pedersen Elisabeth
Published: December 2018

Serbokroatisk har i modsætning til dansk nulsubjekter ved topicsammenhæng, dvs. når subjektet i en sætning er koreferentielt med subjektet i en forudgående sætning. Et pronominelt subjekt tolkes derfor i reglen som signal om topicskift og som koreferentielt med et andet led end subjektet i en tidligere sætning. Ved hjælp af en self-paced reading test blev 10 serbokroatiske indvandrere som var kommet til Danmark efter at de var fyldt 15 år, og som havde boet mindst 23 år i Danmark, sammenlignet med 10 danskere med dansk som førstesprog. Forsøgsdeltagerne læste en helsætning med en final adverbiel ledsætning med et pronominelt subjekt som ud fra ledsætningens slutning skulle tolkes som koreferentielt med enten subjektet eller det oblikke led i oversætningen. Resultaterne viste det forventede mønster: Deltagerne med serbokroatisk baggrund læste det relevante område af sætningen signifikant langsommere når pronomenet skulle tolkes som koreferentielt med oversætningens subjekt, end når det skulle tolkes som koreferentielt med det oblikke led i oversætningen. Kontrolgruppen viste en tendens til det omvendte mønster. I konklusionen peges der på betydningen af bevidsthed om de typologiske forskelle mellem dansk og de sprog som tales af voksne flygtninge og indvandrere som skal lære dansk.
Pragmatik i ordbogen: Hvordan kan fokusadverbiet godt beskrives i en dansk-tysk ordbog?
Authors: Ørsnes Bjarne
Published: December 2018

Eksisterende mono- og bilingvale ordbøger giver ikke nogen tilfredsstillende beskrivelse af fokusadverbiet godt på trods af, at der findes grundige analyser af dette adverbium. Enten optræder adverbiet ikke med en selvstændig leksikalsk indgang, men kun i eksempler for de verber, det kan forekomme sammen med, eller også har det et selvstændigt opslag, men adverbiets kernebetydning bliver ikke helt klar. Og det er svært at beskrive godt: det har en pragmatisk betydning, det opfører sig mest af alt som en kollokation og det lader til at mangle ækvivalenter i målsprog som engelsk og tysk. Artiklen giver et forslag til en leksikalsk beskrivelse af godt i en bilingval ordbog (dansk-tysk) på baggrund af en semantisk og syntaktisk analyse, der udvider de eksisterende analyser af godt, og på baggrund af en undersøgelse af, hvordan godt oversættes i parallelle danske og tyske tekster.
Nyhedskløvningen
Authors: Christensen Marie Herget
Published: December 2018

I netbaseret nyhedsformidling er der et konstant pres på journalisten for at skrive så kort og informationspakket som muligt og samtidig skrive så det nye fremhæves mest muligt. Samtidig skal hun præcist formidle og tydeliggøre hvilken information der er forudsat, hvilken information hun selv står inde for sandheden af, og hvilken information en given kilde står inde for. Denne artikel vil vise at der findes en type sætningskløvning der ikke er blevet beskrevet før, nyhedskløvningen der præcist giver journalisten de grammatiske værktøjer til at opfylde de krav til nyhedsformidling og som derfor er en meget anvendt konstruktion i den genre. Det er sætningskløvninger som fx Det var formentlig en cigaret, der var årsag til en brand i kvindes lejlighed i Tilst ved Aarhus. Som prototypiske kløvninger spaltes et sætningsindhold i to sætninger og dermed også to informationsstrukturelle enheder. Det giver journalisten mulighed for dels på en komprimeret måde at markere den nyeste information først og tydeligst - som udkløvet led (en cigaret) og dels at tage et epistemisk forbehold (formentlig) for netop denne information. Samtidig bliver den anden informationsenhed (der var årsag…) grammatisk kodet som præsupponeret og informationsstrukturelt altså som information man kan gå ud fra – som fakta.
’Det er helt i orden’: Kulturelle shibboletter i jobsamtaler med andetsprogsbrugere af dansk
Authors: Kirilova Marta
Published: December 2018

I denne artikel analyserer jeg datauddrag fra to jobinterview hvor ansøgerne taler dansk som andetsprog. Data stammer fra et integrationsinitiativ i Danmark hvis formål var at få flygtninge og indvandrere i arbejde. Jeg anvender en sprogideologisk ramme i analyserne (Silverstein 1985, Irvine og Gal 2000) som jeg operationaliserer igennem begreberne dørvogtning, medlemskabstilskrivninger og shibboletter. Jeg fokuserer særligt på shibboletter som et indeks for sprogligt og kulturelt tilhørsforhold og ser nærmere på shibboletter i forhold til to områder: konventionelle udtryk som shibboletter og emnemæssige fællesskaber som shibboletter. I analysen viser jeg at såvel brugen af konventionelle udtryk som etableringen af emnemæssige fællesskaber hjælper både ansøgere og ansættelsesudvalg med at forhandle et momentant fællesskab. Hvis ansøgeren kan placere sig i dette fællesskab, bliver vedkommende også vurderet som egnet til det ansøgte job. Jeg diskuterer endvidere relationen mellem sprogbrug og kulturel anerkendelse. Jeg foreslår at brugen af konventionelle udtryk er særligt interessant i flersproget kommunikation, og at sådanne udtryk muligvis vil kunne fungere som en succesfuld kommunikationsstrategi når andetsprogsbrugere på begynderniveau omgås med sprogbrugere på et mere avanceret sprogligt niveau.
Нека питања финансирања реиндустријализације // Some Questions of Funding Reindustrialization
Authors: Орсаг Силвије
Published: December 2018

Резиме: Предмет овог чланка су нека питања финансирања реиндустријализације. Чланак расправља о проблемима са облицима, методама и инструментима финансирања у малој транзицијској земљи, са доминантним сектором пословног банкарства у финансијској индустрији. Чињенице показују недостатак потписника за спровођење јавних понуда нове главнице, исто као и институција ризичног капитала за спровођење приватног пласмана главнице. Слично је и са јавном понудом дугова. Такође, недостатак осталих финансијских институција и слабе перформансе индустрије осигурања препреке су могућим облицима нестандардних дугова, као што су синдицирани кредити или приватно емитоване обвезнице. На тај се начин у чланку препознаје развојна банка као једина финансијска институција за спровођење реиндустријализације.Summary: The subjects of this paper are some questions about reindustrialization financing. Paper discussed problems with forms, methods and instruments of financing in small transition country with dominant commercial banking sector in financial industry. The facts showed lack of underwriters for providing public offering of new equity, as well as venture capital institutions for providing private placement of equity. Similar is with public debt offerings. In additions, lack of other financial institutions and pure performances of insurance industry are barriers potentials forms of nonstandard debt, like syndicate credits and private issued bonds. In this way paper recognizes bank form development as only financial institution for providing reindustrialization.
Услови и ограничења реиндустријализације као стратегије изласка из кризе // Conditions and limitations of reindustrialization as a strategy for getting out of the crisis
Authors: Микеревић Драган
Published: December 2018

Резиме: Стратегија реиндустријализације, поготово малих земаља, једна је од могућих стратешких радњи које би омогућиле излазак из кризе. Колико ће тај процес трајати и с којим ће се потешкоћама суочити, зависи од анатомије кризе сваке земље па и цијелог западног Балкана. Као лимитирајући фактори у раду су номинирани: глобални процеси, неуспјешна транзиција и неефикасне институције. Специфичност мале балканске земље, Босне и Херцеговине као и Републике Српске је: макроекономска стабилност и инсуфицијенција јавних финансија који угрожавају одрживост пензијског система, здравственог осигурања и дјечју заштиту, што у цјелини негативно утиче на демографску и економску слику Републике Српске и Босне и Херцеговине.Summary: The strategy of reindustrialization, especially of small countries, is one of exit strategies from the crisis. How long this process will take and what difficulties it will face with depends on the anatomy of the crisis of each country including the entire Western Balkans. The following factors are nominated as limiting in this paper: global processes, unsuccessful transition and inefficient institutions. The specificity of a small Balkan country, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Srpska is the macro-economic stability and the insufficiency of public finances that threaten the sustainability of the pension system, health insurance and child protection, all of which adversely affect the economic and demographic picture of the Republic of Srpska and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Финансијске посљедице пословног раста // The Financial Consequences of Business Growth
Authors: Kester George , Радивојац Горан
Published: December 2018

Резиме: Пословно планирање у савременом пословном окружењу није више фокусирано само на продају, трошкове и добит, већ се поставља питање одрживости пословног раста с аспекта извора финансирања предузећа. Полазећи од чињенице да је врхунски циљ оснивања предузећа, а затим и редовног пословања, максимирање добити у дугом року, неријетко брзорастућа предузећа често исказују добит у финансијским извјештајима, а истовремено веома тешко одржавају ликвидност. Да би разумјели како предузеће може исказивати добит и имати „успјешан” биланс, а у исто вријеме веома тешко одржавати ликвидност или чак бити неликвидна, морамо потпуно разумјети суштинску разлику између рачуноводствено исказаног добитка и нето новчаног тока предузећа. Проблем постаје сложенији ако знамо да у пракси још увијек важи конвенционална „мудрост” да обртна имовина треба бити финансирана краткорочним изворима, а фиксна имовина дугорочним изворима. Аутори су провели истраживање кредитне политике пословних банака у Бања Луци у домену финансирања обртних средстава које је објављено у овом раду, те су на основу добијених резултата извели одређене закључке.Summary: A typical business plan for a new business focuses upon sales, expenses and profits. Can the new business produce enough sales to exceed fixed and variable expenses and make a profit. If the answer is yes, then the decision is to proceed to the next step, which is to determine the amount of initial asset investment needed to start the business and how to finance it. There is oft en little or no focus the additional investments in assets needed to support growth in sales after the business is begun and become successful. Failure to recognize the additional assets needed to support sales growth can come as a total surprise and, if not financed properly, can lead to financial distress, loan default and even bankruptcy.