bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paradiplomacy practices in Indonesia: Comparative analysis ofAceh‐Quebec
Authors: Dermawan Windy , Darmawan Ivan , Mustofa Mustabsyirotul Ummah , Djuyandi Yusa
Published: March 2022

This article aims to understand paradiplomacy practices in Indonesia by identifying the characteristics of Aceh's paradiplomacy and reviewing it comparatively with the paradiplomacy of Quebec, Canada. The data was collected by documentation study, interview, and literature search. The practice of paradiplomacy in Indonesia is framed in a unitary state system in which the central government still dominates regional foreign activities and the regional awareness for the need of foreign relations is still minimal. This is different from the Province of Quebec in Canada wherein Quebec is one of the most active provinces to take part abroad for the fulfillment of their regional interests. We conclude that the characteristics of paradiplomacy are determined by the institutionalization of paradiplomacy in the regions and the pattern of relations between the central and regional government which usually refers to the form of the state whether unitary or federalist.

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Data‐driven allocation of development aid toward sustainable development goals: Evidence from HIV/AIDS
Authors: Jakubik Johannes , Feuerriegel Stefan
Published: March 2022

Ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic is an important target of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To achieve it, countries worldwide donate large amounts of development aid (USD 15.18 billion annually). However, current practice in allocating development aid is largely based on decision heuristics and thus subject to inefficiencies. To address this problem, we aim to support managers of funding bodies in identifying cost‐effective allocations of development aid and thus develop a new decision model. We combine data analytics with mathematical optimization, whereby the former estimates the country‐specific effectiveness of aid, and the latter suggests an allocation under budget constraints. We evaluate our decision model using aid data obtained from the SDG Financing Lab of the OECD, demonstrating that our decision model could reduce the infection rate over current practice. Our work directly benefits managers of funding bodies tasked with financing development activities and helps them achieve cost‐effective progress toward ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
Impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on grocery retail operations: An analytical model
Authors: Delasay Mohammad , Jain Aditya , Kumar Subodha
Published: March 2022

The COVID‐19 pandemic has had profound effects on grocery retailers, forcing them to make many operational changes in response to public health concerns and the shift in customers' shopping behavior. Grocery retailers need to understand the impact of pandemic conditions on their operations, but the literature has not modeled and analyzed this issue. We bridge this gap through economic models that consider the documented changes in the customers' shopping behavior during the COVID‐19 pandemic, including less frequent in‐store shopping and bulk‐shopping tendency. We capture the impact of occupancy limitation guidelines on grocery retailers' service capacity, customers' shopping behavior, and, consequently, on the retailers' store traffic and profit. We find that though store occupancy limitations reduce the in‐store foot traffic (which helps with curbing the disease spread), interestingly, they do not necessarily result in a profit decline. Under occupancy limitations and when the retailer offers the delivery or curbside pickup service, our analyses highlight the externality impact of online customers on the shopping behavior of in‐store customers. When the retailer adds the delivery service, such externalities may increase the store traffic (higher infection risk inside the grocery store) and reduce the retailer's profit. When the retailer adds the curbside pickup instead, it has more control over the impact of externalities, which helps in lowering the store traffic and increasing the profit. Our results offer valuable insights into how retailers should regard occupancy limitations and health safety measures. Our results also highlight conditions under which various operating modes may help retailers reduce infection risk and achieve higher profit.
Personal Values Priorities and Support for Populism in Europe—An Analysis of Personal Motivations Underpinning Support for Populist Parties in Europe
Authors: Baro Elena
Published: March 2022

Several studies have shown that there are populist attitudes associated with voting for these parties, across left‐ and right‐wing ideologies. As political attitudes and opinions are rooted in people’s personal values, this study analyzes the commonalities in the values priorities of populist supporters. The values underlying the vote for populists are reflected in the ideological core of populism, the antagonistic divide between “us”—the people—and “them”—the foreigners and the elite. This article theorizes that voting for populist parties is linked with lower support for self‐transcendent values, as they express altruism, tolerance, and pluralism, contradicting the populist claims of exclusionist power of the “people” over “the others.” Evidence of this relationship is found using European Social Survey data. The study applies logistic multilevel and multinomial regression models. Findings confirm that voting for populist parties is associated with lower support for self‐transcendent values and high support in conservation values, across left and right ideologies.
Heat suit training increases hemoglobin mass in elite cross‐country skiers
Authors: Rønnestad Bent R. , Lid Ole Martin , Hansen Joar , Hamarsland Håvard , Mølmen Knut Sindre , Nygaard Håvard , Ellefsen Stian , Hammarström Daniel , Lundby Carsten
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The primary purpose was to test the effect of heat suit training on hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) in elite cross‐country (XC) skiers.

Methods

Twenty‐five male XC‐skiers were divided into a group that added 5 × 50 min weekly heat suit training sessions to their regular training (HEAT; n = 13, 23 ± 5 years, 73.9 ± 5.2 kg, 180 ± 6 cm, 76.8 ± 4.6 ml·min−1·kg−1) or to a control group matched for training volume and intensity distribution (CON; n = 12, 23 ± 4 years, 78.4 ± 5.8 kg, 184 ± 4 cm, 75.2 ± 3.4 ml·min−1·kg−1) during the five‐week intervention period. Hbmass, endurance performance and factors determining endurance performance were assessed before and after the intervention.

Results

HEAT led to 30 g greater Hbmass (95% CI: [8.5, 51.7], p = 0.009) and 157 ml greater red blood cell volume ([29, 285], p = 0.018) post‐intervention, compared to CON when adjusted for baseline values. In contrast, no group differences were observed for changes in work economy, running velocity, and fractional utilization of maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) at 4 mmol·L−1 blood lactate, V̇O2max or 15‐min running distance performance trial during the intervention.

Conclusion

HEAT induced a larger increase in Hbmass and red blood cell volume after five weeks with five weekly heat suit training sessions than CON, but with no detectable group differences on physiological determinants of endurance performance or actual endurance performance in elite CX skiers.
Effectiveness of individualized training based on force–velocity profiling on physical function in older men
Authors: Lindberg Kolbjørn , Lohne‐Seiler Hilde , Fosstveit Sindre H. , Sibayan Erlend E. , Fjeller Joachim S. , Løvold Sondre , Kolnes Tommy , Vårvik Fredrik T. , Berntsen Sveinung , Paulsen Gøran , Seynnes Olivier , Bjørnsen Thomas
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an individualized power training program based on force–velocity (FV) profiling on physical function, muscle morphology, and neuromuscular adaptations in older men. Forty‐nine healthy men (68 ± 5 years) completed a 10‐week training period to enhance muscular power. They were randomized to either a generic power training group (GPT) or an individualized power training group (IPT). Unlike generic training, individualized training was based on low‐ or high‐resistance exercises, from an initial force–velocity profile. Lower‐limb FV profile was measured in a pneumatic leg‐press, and physical function was assessed as timed up‐and‐go time (TUG), sit‐to‐stand power, grip strength, and stair‐climbing time (loaded [20kg] and unloaded). Vastus lateralis morphology was measured with ultrasonography. Rate of force development (RFD) and rate of myoelectric activity (RMA) were measured during an isometric knee extension. The GPT group improved loaded stair‐climbing time (6.3 ± 3.8 vs. 2.3% ± 7.3%, p = 0.04) more than IPT. Both groups improved stair‐climbing time, sit to stand, and leg press power, grip strength, muscle thickness, pennation angle, fascicle length, and RMA from baseline (p < 0.05). Only GPT increased loaded stair‐climbing time and RFD (p < 0.05). An individualized power training program based on FV profiling did not improve physical function to a greater degree than generic power training. A generic power training approach combining both heavy and low loads might be advantageous through eliciting both force‐ and velocity‐related neuromuscular adaptions with a concomitant increase in muscular power and physical function in older men.
A comparison of limited vs unlimited attempts with online homework grades in introductory statistics courses
Authors: Stewart Patrick
Published: March 2022

Online homework programs allow professors to preset how many attempts per homework problem each student is allowed to have. Some professors prefer to allow a limited number of extra attempts, and others prefer to allow students to have an unlimited number of extra attempts. Do these preferences lead to a difference in average homework grades? To study this question, seven statistics courses over the Fall 2020 and Spring 2021 semesters were analyzed. The Fall semester had a limited number of extra attempts for each homework problem, and the Spring semester had an unlimited number of extra attempts. The results of the study conclude that there is no statistically significant difference in average homework grades for most homework assignments. In any homework assignment with a statistically significant difference, there was a quantifiably small difference.
Technology's impact on morality
Authors: Kugler Logan
Published: March 2022

Leading technologists and thinkers are concerned about technology's impact on our ethical thinking.
Still waiting for self-driving cars
Authors: Kirkpatrick Keith
Published: March 2022

Why is it taking so long for autonomous vehicles to hit the road?
FANG
Authors: Nguyen Van-Hoang , Sugiyama Kazunari , Nakov Preslav , Kan Min-Yen
Published: March 2022

We propose Factual News Graph (FANG), a novel graphical social context representation and learning framework for fake news detection. Unlike previous contextual models that have targeted performance, our focus is on representation learning. Compared to transductive models, FANG is scalable in training as it does not have to maintain the social entities involved in the propagation of other news and is efficient at inference time, without the need to reprocess the entire graph. Our experimental results show that FANG is better at capturing the social context into a high-fidelity representation, compared to recent graphical and nongraphical models. In particular, FANG yields significant improvements for the task of fake news detection and is robust in the case of limited training data. We further demonstrate that the representations learned by FANG generalize to related tasks, such as predicting the factuality of reporting of a news medium.
Global supply chain disruption and resilience
Authors: Sako Mari
Published: March 2022

Tracking the myriad factors influencing shifting supply chains.
Lipoproteins in the Central Nervous System: From Biology to Pathobiology
Authors: Raulin Ana-Caroline , Martens Yuka A. , Bu Guojun
Published: March 2022

The brain, as one of the most lipid-rich organs, heavily relies on lipid transport and distribution to maintain homeostasis and neuronal function. Lipid transport mediated by lipoprotein particles, which are complex structures composed of apolipoproteins and lipids, has been thoroughly characterized in the periphery. Although lipoproteins in the central nervous system (CNS) were reported over half a century ago, the identification of APOE4 as the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease has accelerated investigation of the biology and pathobiology of lipoproteins in the CNS. This review provides an overview of the different components of lipoprotein particles, in particular apolipoproteins, and their involvements in both physiological functions and pathological mechanisms in the CNS.
Macrocyclization and Backbone Modification in RiPP Biosynthesis
Authors: Lee Hyunji , van der Donk Wilfred A.
Published: March 2022

The past decade has seen impressive advances in understanding the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs). One of the most common modifications found in these natural products is macrocyclization, a strategy also used by medicinal chemists to improve metabolic stability and target affinity and specificity. Another tool of the peptide chemist, modification of the amides in a peptide backbone, has also been observed in RiPPs. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of biosynthesis of a subset of macrocyclic RiPP families, chosen because of the unusual biochemistry involved: the five classes of lanthipeptides (thioether cyclization by Michael-type addition), sactipeptides and ranthipeptides (thioether cyclization by radical chemistry), thiopeptides (cyclization by [4+2] cycloaddition), and streptide (cyclization by radical C–C bond formation). In addition, the mechanisms of backbone amide methylation, backbone epimerization, and backbone thioamide formation are discussed, as well as an unusual route to small molecules by posttranslational modification.
The Role of DEAD-Box ATPases in Gene Expression and the Regulation of RNA–Protein Condensates
Authors: Weis Karsten , Hondele Maria
Published: March 2022

DEAD-box ATPases constitute a very large protein family present in all cells, often in great abundance. From bacteria to humans, they play critical roles in many aspects of RNA metabolism, and due to their widespread importance in RNA biology, they have been characterized in great detail at both the structural and biochemical levels. DEAD-box proteins function as RNA-dependent ATPases that can unwind short duplexes of RNA, remodel ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes, or act as clamps to promote RNP assembly. Yet, it often remains enigmatic how individual DEAD-box proteins mechanistically contribute to specific RNA-processing steps. Here, we review the role of DEAD-box ATPases in the regulation of gene expression and propose that one common function of these enzymes is in the regulation of liquid–liquid phase separation of RNP condensates.
DNA–Protein Crosslinks and Their Resolution
Authors: Weickert Pedro , Stingele Julian
Published: March 2022

Covalent DNA–protein crosslinks (DPCs) are pervasive DNA lesions that interfere with essential chromatin processes such as transcription or replication. This review strives to provide an overview of the sources and principles of cellular DPC formation. DPCs are caused by endogenous reactive metabolites and various chemotherapeutic agents. However, in certain conditions DPCs also arise physiologically in cells. We discuss the cellular mechanisms resolving these threats to genomic integrity. Detection and repair of DPCs require not only the action of canonical DNA repair pathways but also the activity of specialized proteolytic enzymes—including proteases of the SPRTN/Wss1 family—to degrade the crosslinked protein. Loss of DPC repair capacity has dramatic consequences, ranging from genome instability in yeast and worms to cancer predisposition and premature aging in mice and humans.
Metalloproteomics for Biomedical Research: Methodology and Applications
Authors: Zhou Ying , Li Hongyan , Sun Hongzhe
Published: March 2022

Metals are essential components in life processes and participate in many important biological processes. Dysregulation of metal homeostasis is correlated with many diseases. Metals are also frequently incorporated into diagnosis and therapeutics. Understanding of metal homeostasis under (patho)physiological conditions and the molecular mechanisms of action of metallodrugs in biological systems has positive impacts on human health. As an emerging interdisciplinary area of research, metalloproteomics involves investigating metal-protein interactions in biological systems at a proteome-wide scale, has received growing attention, and has been implemented into metal-related research. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in metalloproteomics methodologies and applications. We also highlight emerging single-cell metalloproteomics, including time-resolved inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, mass cytometry, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. Finally, we discuss future perspectives in metalloproteomics, aiming to attract more original research to develop more advanced methodologies, which could be utilized rapidly by biochemists or biologists to expand our knowledge of how metal functions in biology and medicine.
MAPK-Activated Protein Kinases: Servant or Partner?
Authors: Ronkina Natalia , Gaestel Matthias
Published: March 2022

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activated protein kinases (MAPKAPKs) are defined by their exclusive activation by MAPKs. They can be activated by classical and atypical MAPKs that have been stimulated by mitogens and various stresses. Genetic deletions of MAPKAPKs and availability of highly specific small-molecule inhibitors have continuously increased our functional understanding of these kinases. MAPKAPKs cooperate in the regulation of gene expression at the level of transcription; RNA processing, export, and stability; and protein synthesis. The diversity of stimuli for MAPK activation, the crosstalk between the different MAPKs and MAPKAPKs, and the specific substrate pattern of MAPKAPKs orchestrate immediate-early and inflammatory responses in space and time and ensure proper control of cell growth, differentiation, and cell behavior. Hence, MAPKAPKs are promising targets for cancer therapy and treatments for conditions of acute and chronic inflammation, such as cytokine storms and rheumatoid arthritis.
Anticipating the Future of the World's Ocean
Authors: O'Hara Casey C. , Halpern Benjamin S.
Published: March 2022

Oceans play critical roles in the lives, economies, cultures, and nutrition of people globally, yet face increasing pressures from human activities that put those benefits at risk. To anticipate the future of the world's ocean, we review the many human activities that impose pressures on marine species and ecosystems, evaluating their impacts on marine life, the degree of scientific uncertainty in those assessments, and the expected trajectory over the next few decades. We highlight that fundamental research should prioritize areas of high potential impact and greater uncertainty about ecosystem vulnerability, such as emerging fisheries, organic chemical pollution, seabed mining, and the interactions of cumulative pressures, and deprioritize research on areas that demonstrate little impact or are well understood, such as plastic pollution and ship strikes to marine fauna. There remains hope for a productive and sustainable future ocean, but the window of opportunity for action is closing.
Molecular Magnetism
Authors: Chilton Nicholas F.
Published: March 2022

Molecular magnetism, though distinctly a field within chemistry, encompasses much more than synthesis and has strong links with other disciplines across the physical sciences. Research goals in this area are currently dominated by magnetic memory and quantum information processing but extend in other directions toward medical diagnostics and catalysis. This review focuses on two popular subtopics, single-molecule magnetism and molecular spin qubits, outlining their design and study and some of the latest outstanding results in the field. The above topics are complemented by an overview of pertinent electronic structure methods and, in a look towards the future, an overview of the state of the art in measurement and modeling of molecular spin–phonon coupling.
The Effect of High-Quality Nursing Management on Thyroid Tumor Patients after Bipolar Coagulation
Authors: Ji Yanting , Zhang Buyong , Zhang Xuan , Xue Lingbo , Shi Qingfeng , Li Jie
Published: March 2022

Objective. To evaluate the effect of high-quality nursing on thyroid tumor patients after bipolar coagulation and its impact on nursing satisfaction. Methods. From January 2019 to January 2020, 90 patients with thyroid tumors treated with bipolar coagulation in our hospital were identified as the study objects and randomized to the control group (

n
=
45

) and the experimental group (

n
=
45

) random number table method. Both groups received conventional nursing, and the experimental group additionally adopted high-quality nursing. The incidence of postoperative complications and nursing satisfaction between the two groups was compared. The Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA) was used to assess the self-care ability of patients after the intervention, and the Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) was used to evaluate the quality of life of the two groups of patients after the intervention. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale was adopted to evaluate the emotional state of the patient before and after the intervention, and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was employed to evaluate the pain intensity of the patient after the intervention. Counting data was analyzed by the X2 test, and the measurement data was analyzed by t-test. Results. After the intervention, the total incidence of postoperative complications in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (11.11% versus 33.33%,

P
<
0.05

). The experimental group obtained remarkably higher nursing satisfaction (93.33% versus 71.11%), ESCA scores, and GQOLI-74 scores than the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Lower HAD scores were observed in the experimental group than those of the control group (

P
<
0.001

). Lower HAD scores were observed in the experimental group than those of the control group (

P
<
0.001

). The NRS score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group 12 h and 24 h after the intervention (

P
<
0.001

). Conclusion. High-quality nursing for patients with thyroid tumors can effectively alleviate the negative emotions, improve the quality of life, and contribute to a harmonious nurse-patient relationship, which is worthy of promotion and application.
Pharmacological Inhibition of Glutaminase 1 Attenuates Alkali-Induced Corneal Neovascularization by Modulating Macrophages
Authors: Feng Yifan , Yang Xi , Huang Jinhai , Shen Minqian , Wang Liyang , Chen Xiuping , Yuan Yuanzhi , Dong Chunqiong , Ma Xiaoping , Yuan Fei
Published: March 2022

Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) in response to chemical burns is a leading cause of vision impairment. Although glutamine metabolism plays a crucial role in macrophage polarization, its regulatory effect on macrophages involved in chemical burn-induced corneal injury is not known. Here, we elucidated the connection between the reprogramming of glutamine metabolism in macrophages and the development of alkali burn-induced CoNV. Glutaminase 1 (GLS1) expression was upregulated in the mouse corneas damaged with alkali burns and was primarily located in F4/80-positive macrophages. Treatment with a selective oral GLS1 inhibitor, CB-839 (telaglenastat), significantly decreased the distribution of polarized M2 macrophages in the alkali-injured corneas and suppressed the development of CoNV. In vitro studies further demonstrated that glutamine deprivation or CB-839 treatment inhibited the proliferation, adhesion, and M2 polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from C57BL/6J mice. CB-839 treatment markedly attenuated the secretion of proangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) from interleukin-4- (IL-4-) regulated M2 macrophages. Our findings revealed that GLS1 inhibition or glutamine deprivation prevented alkali-induced CoNV by inhibiting the infiltration and M2 polarization of macrophages. This work suggests that pharmacological GLS1 inhibition is a feasible and effective treatment strategy for chemical burn-related CoNV in humans.
Risk Management Analysis of Modern Commercial Banks Using Behavioral Finance Theory and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Piao Guofeng , Xiao Biyan
Published: March 2022

With the increasing trend of economic globalization, China’s pace of promoting interest rate marketization is gradually accelerating, and financial market volatility is increasing day by day. Credit risk is at an all-time high for commercial banks. The most significant risk that banks face is credit risk. The methods and technologies of commercial bank risk management have improved with the accelerating process of financial globalization, but the rationality of risk managers who implement daily management is limited and will be influenced by emotion and will. As a result, they will be unable to implement completely unbiased risk management, i.e., they will not be able to apply risk management objectives to daily risk management in an optimal manner. The importance and measurement complexity of commercial bank credit risk is growing in tandem with the financial market’s increasing complexity. The traditional credit risk assessment model is no longer adequate to meet the requirements of today’s financial risk management system. The research into the credit risk assessment model is both theoretically and practically significant.
The Impact of Digital Technology on the Reform of Art Teaching in the Wireless Network Environment
Authors: Chen Si , Gu Yu , Wang Yubo
Published: March 2022

With the development of computer and communication technologies, information technology in education has become fully popular, and computers, multimedia, and other teaching aids are widely used at all stages of school education. The development of learning styles follows the trajectory of digital to mobile and finally along the trajectory of ubiquitous learning (i.e., ubiquitous and available anywhere and anytime). Thus, in the context of information technology, university art education is facing the impact of foreign cultures, while the issue of national and global differences in university art education is becoming increasingly evident due to the influence of cultural pluralism. University art education has to realize the combination of nationalisation and modernisation in the informationised environment and build university art teaching content with humanistic and diverse content under the basic requirements of realism and practicality in art education. University art should innovate the education system, change the teaching methods, and improve the quality of teaching. In teaching, students are combined with the actual situation of students to cultivate their creative consciousness, innovative thinking, and innovative ability. On this basis, this article mainly studies and analyses the teaching methods and strategies of university art design under the wireless network teaching mode and focuses on the application methods and application effects of interactive teaching in art teaching. The comparative analysis shows that the introduction of WBRCCS-based formative assessment into inquiry-based teaching is significantly better than traditional inquiry-based teaching and that the WBRCCS-based formative assessment system can improve the effectiveness of inquiry-based teaching and enhances students’ motivation to learn. This shows that the use of the WBRCCS assessment system can enhance students’ understanding of science concepts and improve learning outcomes.
Analysis of Stochastic Weighted Impulsive Neutral
ψ
-Hilfer Integro-Fractional Differential System with Delay
Authors: Ahmad Manzoor , Zada Akbar , Ahmad Jihad , Abd El Salam Mohamed A.
Published: March 2022

This paper is devoted to the study of stochastic fractional differential equations. Particularly, we study the existence and uniqueness of solutions of nonlinear stochastic weighted impulsive

ψ

-Hilfer neutral integro-fractional differential system with infinite delay. We obtain the results with the help of fixed-point theorems and Banach contraction principle. Additionally, we investigate the Ulam–Hyers stability of the solutions using basic schemes of fractional calculus. For application of the theory, we add an example.
Applications of Hesitant Interval Neutrosophic Linguistic Schweizer-Sklar Power Aggregation Operators to MADM
Authors: Khan Qaisar , Bantan Rashad A. R. , Elgarhy Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Hesitant interval neutrosophic linguistic sets (HINLSs) are one of the core generalization of various sets, such as neutrosophic set (NS), interval neutrosophic set (INS), and interval neutrosophic linguistic set (INLS). HINLS can represent the uncertainty, inconsistency, and reluctance of assessment specialists by expressing qualitative and quantitative information. The goal of this article is to introduce a novel MADM technique that can account for changes in the semantic environment as well as negative consequences of experts’ excessive evaluation values. First, several innovative operational rules based on Schweizer-Sklar (SS)

t

-norm and

t

-conorm and a novel comparison procedure for HINLS are established by integrating different linguistic scale functions. This allows for varied semantic settings to be handled. Then, various innovative HINL Schweizer-Sklar power aggregation operators (AOs) are suggested, containing hesitant interval neutrosophic SS power average (HINLSSPA) operator, weighted hesitant interval neutrosophic SS power average (WHINLSSPA) operator, hesitant interval neutrosophic SS power geometric average (HINLSSPGA) operator, weighted hesitant interval neutrosophic SS power geometric average (WHINLSSPGA) operator, some core properties, and various special cases of these AOs are examined. Additionally, based on the initiated AOs, a multiple attribute decision making (MADM) technique with HINL information is anticipated. Finally, a numerical example is illustrated to show the effectiveness and practicality of the anticipated MADM method. A comparison with existing approaches are also discussed.
Predicting Breast Cancer Based on Optimized Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Saleh Hager , Abd-el ghany Sara F. , Alyami Hashem , Alosaimi Wael
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer is a dangerous disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. One of the most important aspects in breast cancer treatment is getting an accurate diagnosis. Machine-learning (ML) and deep learning techniques can help doctors in making diagnosis decisions. This paper proposed the optimized deep recurrent neural network (RNN) model based on RNN and the Keras–Tuner optimization technique for breast cancer diagnosis. The optimized deep RNN consists of the input layer, five hidden layers, five dropout layers, and the output layer. In each hidden layer, we optimized the number of neurons and rate values of the dropout layer. Three feature-selection methods have been used to select the most important features from the database. Five regular ML models, namely decision tree (DT), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), naive Bayes (NB), and K-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) were compared with the optimized deep RNN. The regular ML models and the optimized deep RNN have been applied the selected features. The results showed that the optimized deep RNN with the selected features by univariate has achieved the highest performance for CV and the testing results compared to the other models.
The Optimal Path of College Art Teaching Based on Embedded Sensor Network
Authors: Li Yumei , Zhu Jiang
Published: March 2022

As a new type of intelligent network technology, sensor network has been widely used in recent years. This paper is aimed at studying the optimization path of art teaching in colleges and universities based on embedded sensor network, proposing methods such as ZigBee network, HRPTC, wireless routing protocol, and sensor technology, and carrying out experimental research on the application of embedded sensor network in the optimization path of college art teaching. The experimental results show that the embedded sensor network can promote well the development of the optimization path of art teaching in colleges and universities and promote the reform of art education teaching methods. At the same time, the education and teaching methods optimized based on sensor network technology can better play the role of education and teaching so that students’ learning enthusiasm has been improved by at least 10%.
Relay-Assisted D2D Communication over Extended η-μ Fading Channels
Authors: Hussain Zakir , Mehdi Haider , Saleem Syed M. A.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, two cases of Device-to-Device (D2D) communication over a recently introduced extended η-μ fading channel are analyzed. Case A considers a direct D2D communication. While in case B, amplify-and-forward relay-assisted D2D communication is discussed. The effects of cochannel interference at the relay and D2D destination are also included. To combat fading, selection combining- and maximal ratio combining-based diversity schemes are also incorporated at the receiver. Power harvesting based on power splitting technique is also engulfed. Expressions of success and outage probabilities are derived with the help of characteristic function approach. Success and outage probability expressions are functions of path loss, distance between various devices and channel parameters. Based on these expressions, numerical results are presented and discussed.
Evaluation of the Online and Offline Mixed Teaching Effect of MOOC Based upon the Deep Neural Network Model
Authors: Wang Guangwei , Chen Xiaomei
Published: March 2022

This article is dedicated to discussing the online and offline mixed teaching evaluation of MOOC based on deep neural networks. Deep neural networks are an important means to solve various problems in various fields. It can evaluate the teaching attitude of teachers, the teaching content in the classroom, the teacher’s narrative ability, the teaching methods used by the teachers, and whether the teaching methods are rigorous. And it can train on a large number of datasets evaluated by students on a certain course and get results. This article first explains the advantages of the neural network model and explains the reasons for the emergence of MOOCs and the mixing with traditional classrooms. It also explains some deep neural network (DNN) models and algorithms, such as BP neural network model and algorithms. This model uses backpropagation. When there is an error between the output sample of the neural network and the target sample, the error can be backpropagated to adjust the threshold and weight to make the error reach the minimum. The algorithm steps include forward propagation and backpropagation and are substituted into the gradient descent method to obtain the weight change of the output layer and the hidden layer. It also explains the Gaussian model in DNNs. The given training data vector in the Gaussian mixture model and the configuration of GMM are used for expectation maximization training using an iterative algorithm, and the unsupervised clustering accuracy ACC is applied to evaluate its performance. Use pictures to describe the mixed-mode teaching mode in the MOOC environment. It is necessary to consider teaching practice conditions, time, location, curriculum resources, teaching methods and means, etc. It can cultivate students’ spatial imagination, engineering consciousness, creative design ability, drawing hand-made ability, and logical thinking abilities. It enables teachers to accept the fair and just evaluation of students. Finally, this article discusses the parallelization and optimization of GPU-based DNN models, splits the DNN models, and combines different models to calculate weight parameters. This article combines model training and data training in parallel to increase the processing speed under the same amount of data, increase the batch, increase the accuracy, and reduce the training shock. It can be concluded that its DNN model has greatly improved the training effect performance of the MOOC online and offline mixed course effect dataset. The calculation time is shortened, the convergence speed is accelerated, the accuracy rate is improved, and the acceleration ratio is increased, which compares with the same period of the previous year increase of more than 37.37%. The accuracy has increased, comparing with the same period of the previous year, an increase of more than 12.34%.
Parameters Optimization-Based Tracking Control for Unmanned Surface Vehicles
Authors: Wang Renqiang , Yan Huaran , Li Qinrong , Deng Yubo , Jin Yutong
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a type of tracking controller on the basis of parameters optimization was proposed for unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). Taking into account the unique nonlinear and large inertia characteristics of USVs, an iterative sliding mode control (ISMC) was adopted to construct the controller including the USVs’ main engine speed controller to determine the longitudinal velocity and the steering controller to control the lateral displacement. In designing, the hyperbolic tangent function with the saturation characteristic is introduced to design the output feedback control law of nonlinear iterative sliding mode. Then, the differential evolution algorithm (DEA) is applied to construct the parameters optimization system for acquiring the optimal parameters of the proposed controller, and the control quality with adaptive ability and robustness of the optimized controller is achieved. It is verified by computer experiments that the optimized controller realizes the tracking control for USV under interference; meanwhile, compared with the iterative sliding mode controller, the control performance of the controller is better and the robustness of that is stronger.
Effect of Tungsten Carbide Addition on the Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Titanium Matrix Developed by Powder Metallurgy Route
Authors: Govindarajan Venkatesan , Sivakumar R. , Patil Pravin P. , Kaliappan S. , Ch Anil Kumar T. , Kannan M. , Ramesh B.
Published: March 2022

The ambition of this research work is to evaluate the hardness and wear behavior of titanium alloy reinforced with tungsten carbide particle (WC) composite prepared by powder metallurgy route. Titanium alloy with 5 and 10 wt% tungsten carbide reinforced particle (WC) composites was manufactured through powder metallurgy technique. The hardness and wear properties of the composite are measured in hardness and wear tests. The microstructures of the composite are evaluated by utilized optical microscopy. The fabricated titanium composites exhibit improved hardness and wear resistance. The hardness and wear specimens were prepared and tested by used Vickers hardness tester and a pin-on-disk wear test apparatus machine at room temperature. The hardness, wear rate, and CoF of TMCs are 476.79 VHN, 13.158 mg/m (×10−3), and 0.955420243, respectively. The results elucidated the microstructure, hardness, wear rate, coefficient of friction, and SEM images of wear for the effects of added reinforcement tungsten carbide.
Application of VR Technology in Brand IP Image Design
Authors: Meng Qi
Published: March 2022

Virtual reality (VR) refers to the computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional image environment that can be interacted within a seemingly physical way by a person using special electronic equipment and making people interactive and immersive. VR technology is applied to communication activities, producing VR communication. VR technology is applied to news reports, giving birth to the emergence of VR news. The great significance of VR technology for news communication lies in the comprehensive intake and recording and transmission of news site materials so that news events can “reproduce” and “restore.” The most prominent feature of VR transmission is immersion. Immersivity is mainly reflected in the perceptual system and the behavioral system of the human body. The immersion of perception system includes visual immersion, auditory immersion, touch immersion, and other sensory immersion; behavioral system immersion includes the immersion of language system, direction system immersion, and expression system immersion. Immersive communication has experienced three development stages: interactive communication, invasive communication, infiltration, and audience experience. There are three hidden dangers in VR technology in the communication. One is the hidden danger of the technical operation level: the lack of security and stability of the production process may lead to the disappearance of the traditional reporter, the second is the ethical hidden danger: the degradation of “audience” to “mass,” and third is “body” weakening the authority of “addiction”: the emergence of “brain in the cylinder,” the emergence of snooping feast, and the formation of exposed carnival. There are three aspects to prevent VR hidden dangers, layout and top-level design, improve security, and communication efficiency, promote industrial application, enhance user stickiness, strengthen brand building, and create ace IP and quality content.
Performance Evaluation of China's Basic Pension Insurance Based on a Three‐Stage Superefficient SBM‐DEA Model
Authors: Xue Zexing , Ma Zhengping
Published: March 2022

This study looks at the efficiency and effectiveness of the pension insurance system, thus establishing a pension insurance performance evaluation index system. Based on the SBM‐DEA model with non‐radial and non‐angular outputs, the performance evaluation model of basic endowment insurance system was constructed using this index system. By studying the basic pension insurance for employees, this study analyses the basic pension insurance data of 31 provinces in China from 2016 to 2020 and conducts experiments. The results show that the overall performance of the basic endowment insurance system for urban workers in all provinces of China shows a downward trend. The development level of each province is obviously not balanced. The results also show clear regional characteristics and exhibit an east‐high‐high‐low pattern with uncoordinated levels of development with each other. In view of this phenomenon, the Dagum is used to measure the spatial difference in the performance of the basic endowment insurance system. Finally, kernel is used to predict its dynamic evolution trend from the time dimension.
Feature Extraction Algorithm of Basketball Trajectory Based on the Background Difference Method
Authors: Xu Feng , Li Guohua
Published: March 2022

People are increasingly interested in moving object detection technology as a part of computer vision technology, which has grown in importance in recent years. Moving target detection technology is widely employed in military defense, security monitoring, medical examinations, intelligent transportation, and many other industries at the present time. A moving target detection system relies on rapid and accurate video picture segmentation to identify, locate, and analyze the target. The trajectory of a basketball player’s shooting motion and the extraction of features are important to increase the accuracy of basketball players’ shots. This study proposes an area growth algorithm-based approach to tracing the shooting motion of basketball players. The trajectory of the shot motion is captured using a video sensor image tracking approach. The corner points and the edge contours of the trajectory image are extracted using the edge contour feature extraction method, the feature extraction from the firing motion trajectory image is merged with the regional linear growth approach, and the corner points are then marked. Feature extraction improves basketball players’ shooting accuracy and trajectory control ability. Simulation results show that the prediction accuracy of basketball players’ shooting trajectories using this method can reach up to 100%, which improves the accuracy of motion trajectory extraction and enhances basketball players’ shooting motion control.
Reconstruction of a Scrotum by Combining Two Skin Flaps in a Ball Shape
Authors: Kashiyama Kazuya , Nakano Motoi , Higashi Akihito , Ashizuka Shoko , Moriuchi Yuki , Iwao Atsuhiko , Tanaka Katsumi
Published: March 2022

Background. The scrotum functions to maintain spermatogenesis and hormonal production of Leydig cells by preventing the testicles from rising in temperature and protecting them from the outside world. The scrotum, along with the penis, is also an organ that symbolizes masculinity. Therefore, deformity or loss of the scrotum can be a major psychological problem. Various scrotal reconstruction techniques have been reported. In these papers, there is some discussion about the type of skin flap, but little discussion about the method of suturing the skin flap. We devised a way to reconstruct a scrotum to a natural size by suturing two skin flaps together to form a ball shape. Case Presentation. Case 1 was a patient with a missing scrotum due to Fournier’s gangrene. Total resection of the scrotum, including the bilateral testes, was performed to save his life. Reconstructive surgery was performed 11 days after the initial surgery. Reconstruction was performed using bilateral gluteal fold flaps. Case 2 was a patient with a congenital defect of the scrotum. The testis on the right side exhibited cryptorchidism, and the scrotum was missing, and the testis on the left side was encased in a hypoplastic scrotum. Reconstruction was performed using an internal pudendal artery perforator flap. Conclusion. There are two types of scrotal defects: those with testes present and those with testes missing. This method can be used for both types of scrotal defects, and we were able to create a scrotum that satisfied each patient.