bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A closer look at the Azzolino collection
Authors: Lagerqvist Alidoost Anna , Hacke Marei , Winther Thea , Sandström Tom
Published: April 2023

The state of preservation of documents from the historically significant Azzolino collection at the Swedish National Archives has been investigated and analyses carried out of the iron gall inks. The collection shows varied levels of iron gall ink corrosion. An initial visual condition survey was followed by characterisation of the writing ink with XRF spectrometry on a selection of documents. The aim was to investigate whether ink composition could be related to author or geography, and in turn to level of ink corrosion, which could then serve as a basis for decisions on treatment options. Results indicate a relative purity of the inks in this collection in terms of high iron content and low levels of other elements, entailing that elemental analysis is not a good tool to predict potential deterioration of ink in single documents from this historical context. XRF-mapping showed a possibility for discerning authors by ink composition, contributing meaningful information to questions of attribution and historical context for these documents. A tendency for the ink of Queen Christina to contain more copper than inks from the other authors, and the indication that some inks contain calcium, may be of note for further study.
Thraustochytrid hosts for expression of proteins relevant to SARS-CoV-2 intervention
Authors: Dahmen Jeremy , Vermeulen Arjan , Payne Sophie , Lippmeier Casey
Published: April 2023

The emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic had sharply illustrated the limitations of research and development pipelines and scaled manufacturing. Although existing vaccines were created in record time, global deployment remains limited by regional production scales. Similarly, the most effective treatments for infected COVID-19 patients are also constrained by production scales as well as by the cost of production and thus expense per treatment. The need to produce these interventions more cost-effectively, at larger scales, in less time while retaining high quality is paramount. The ConamaxTM platform is based on a Thraustochytrid–an order of microorganisms well established in industry for world-scale production of omega-3 fatty acids by fermentation. Thraustochytrids, and the species Aurantiochytrium acetophilum in particular, possess a number of innate qualities which make it ideal for production of monoclonal antibodies and other biotherapeutic proteins. In this study, the Conamax system was used to produce several targets which may be relevant as interventions in the fight against COVID-19; an anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody (CR3022), tocilizumab, and the ACE2 receptor. Our system was capable of producing all of these targets and each was assayed in vitro for an activity which confirmed proper structural folding. Purified CR3022 antibody produced from Conamax was capable of reducing the cytopathic effect of SARS-CoV-2. Conamax-derived tocilizumab was shown to bind to its target IL6R. Both the full-length and soluble versions of ACE2 protein produced in the Conamax platform exhibited ACE2-specific proteolytic activity. These data indicate that the Conamax platform has great potential in the production of therapeutic agents.
Health-related quality of life in Hong Kong physicians up to 20 years post-graduation: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Ng Amy Pui Pui , Chin Weng Yee , Wan Eric Yuk Fai , Chen Julie , Lau Chak Sing
Published: April 2023

Background

Problems with health-related quality of life can affect physicians’ ability to work effectively. This study compared the health-related quality of life of Hong Kong physicians to the general population and explored the factors associated with mental and physical health-related quality of life.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2016. Medical graduates from the University of Hong Kong participated in a survey containing the Short Form-12 Item Health survey version 2, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, and items on lifestyle behaviors, career satisfaction, and socio-demographics.

Results

496 responses were received. The mean physical component summary score was 53.2 (SD = 7.6), similar to the general population. The mean mental component summary score was 43.6 (SD = 11.8), significantly worse than the general population (P<0.01). Compared to the general population, all Short-Form 12 Health Survey version 2 domains were worse in doctors, aside from bodily pain and general health. Regular exercise was positively associated with physical component summary scores (Coeff 2.024; P = 0.047); but having children and higher personal burnout scores were negatively associated with it (Coeff -1.890; P = 0.036; and Coeff -0.045; P = 0.027, respectively). Poorer mental component summary scores correlated with worse personal (Coeff -0.284; P< 0.001), work-related (Coeff -0.135; P = 0.040), and patient-related burnout (Coeff -0.060; P = 0.041), and higher Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores (Coeff -9.170; P<0.001). There were significant differences in mental health (P = 0.042) and mental component summary scores (P = 0.012) across age groups, but not with gender.

Conclusion

Hong Kong physicians are less impacted by physical health than mental health. Compared to the general population, doctors’ mental health has a more significant impact on their lives. Interventions aimed to improve burnout and depression rates in physicians may improve physicians’ mental health-related quality of life.
Reliability of a new computerized equinometer based on Silfverskiöld test to measure gastrocnemius tightness
Authors: Martinez Lucas , Lalevée Matthieu , Beldame Julien , L’Hermette Maxime , Brunel Helena , Dujardin Franck , Billuart Fabien
Published: April 2023

Background

Several tools exist to measure tightness of the gastrocnemius muscles; however, few of them are reliable enough to be used routinely in the clinic. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of a new equinometer. The secondary objective was to determine the load to apply on the plantar surface of the metatarsal heads to achieve the highest reliability when measuring gastrocnemius tightness.

Methods

The equinometer consisted of a goniometer and an electronic dynamometer, hooked up to a computer. Three raters carried out three trials of passive dorsiflexion by applying controlled pressure to the metatarsal heads of both ankles in 29 healthy subjects under two experimental conditions: knee extended (KE) and knee flexed at 30 degrees (KF). The equinometer continuously recorded the ankle dorsiflexion values (in °) corresponding to each 1 N interval of plantar pressure between 4 N and 20 N. The intra- and inter-rater reliability of the ankle dorsiflexion were evaluated through the intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficients in each of the pressure intervals.

Results

The intra-rater ICC in KE and KF was between 0.84 and 0.98. The inter-rater ICC in KE and KF was between 0.59 and 0.92. The pressure interval between 14 N and 15 N had the highest intra-rater (ICC = 1) and inter-rater reliability (0.87≤ICC≤0.99). A more refined analysis of this interval found that a load of 14.5 N yielded the best reliability.

Conclusions

This compact equinometer has excellent intra-rater reliability and moderate to good inter-rater reliability. Since this reliability is optimal in the 14–15 N range, this load should be used going forward in clinical practice, especially when aiming to define a pathological threshold for tightness of the gastrocnemius muscles.
A randomized trial of safety, acceptability and adherence of three rectal microbicide placebo formulations among young sexual and gender minorities who engage in receptive anal intercourse (MTN-035)
Authors: Bauermeister Jose A. , Dominguez Islas Clara , Jiao Yuqing , Tingler Ryan , Brown Elizabeth , Zemanek Jillian , Giguere Rebecca , Balan Ivan , Johnson Sherri , Macagna Nicole , Lucas Jonathan , Rose Matthew , Jacobson Cindy , Collins Clare , Livant Edward , Singh Devika , Ho Ken , Hoesley Craig , Liu Albert , Kayange Noel , Palanee-Phillips Thesla , Chariyalertsak Suwat , Gonzales Pedro , Piper Jeanna ,   on Behalf of the MTN-035 Protocol Team
Published: April 2023

Efforts to develop a range of HIV prevention products that can serve as behaviorally congruent viable alternatives to consistent condom use and oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) remain crucial. MTN-035 was a randomized crossover trial seeking to evaluate the safety, acceptability, and adherence to three placebo modalities (insert, suppository, enema) prior to receptive anal intercourse (RAI). If participants had no RAI in a week, they were asked to use their assigned product without sex. We hypothesized that the modalities would be acceptable and safe for use prior to RAI, and that participants would report high adherence given their behavioral congruence with cleansing practices (e.g., douches and/or enemas) and their existing use to deliver medications (e.g., suppositories; fast-dissolving inserts) via the rectum. Participants (N = 217) were sexual and gender minorities enrolled in five different countries (Malawi, Peru, South Africa, Thailand, and the United States of America). Mean age was 24.9 years (range 18–35 years). 204 adverse events were reported by 98 participants (45.2%); 37 (18.1%) were deemed related to the study products. The proportion of participants reporting “high acceptability” was 72% (95%CI: 65% - 78%) for inserts, 66% (95%CI: 59% - 73%) for suppositories, and 73% (95%CI: 66% - 79%) for enemas. The proportion of participants reporting fully adherent per protocol (i.e., at least one use per week) was 75% (95%CI: 69% - 81%) for inserts, 74% (95%CI: 68% - 80%) for suppositories, and 83% (95%CI: 77% - 88%) for enemas. Participants fully adherent per RAI-act was similar among the three products: insert (n = 99; 58.9%), suppository (n = 101; 58.0%) and enema (n = 107; 58.8%). The efficacy and effectiveness of emerging HIV prevention drug depends on safe and acceptable delivery modalities that are easy to use consistently. Our findings demonstrate the safety and acceptability of, and adherence to, enemas, inserts, and suppositories as potential modalities through which to deliver a rectal microbicide.
Organic dry pea (Pisum sativum L.): A sustainable alternative pulse-based protein for human health
Authors: Thavarajah Dil , Lawrence Tristan , Boatwright Lucas , Windsor Nathan , Johnson Nathan , Kay Joshua , Shipe Emerson , Kumar Shiv , Thavarajah Pushparajah
Published: April 2023

Dry pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a cool-season food legume rich in protein (20–25%). With increasing health and ecosystem awareness, organic plant-based protein demand has increased; however, the protein quality of organic dry pea has not been well studied. This study determined the genetic variation of individual amino acids (AAs), total AAs (liberated), total protein, and in vitro protein digestibility of commercial dry pea cultivars grown in organic on-farm fields to inform the development of protein-biofortified cultivars. Twenty-five dry pea cultivars were grown in two USDA-certified organic on-farm locations in South Carolina (SC), USA, for two years (two locations in 2019 and one in 2020). The concentrations of most individual AAs (15 of 17) and the total AA concentration significantly varied with dry pea cultivar. In vitro protein digestibility was not affected by the cultivar. Seed total AA and protein for dry pea ranged from 11.8 to 22.2 and 12.6 to 27.6 g/100 g, respectively, with heritability estimates of 0.19 to 0.25. In vitro protein digestibility and protein digestibility corrected AA score (PDCAAS) ranged from 83 to 95% and 0.18 to 0.64, respectively. Heritability estimates for individual AAs ranged from 0.08 to 0.42; principal component (PCA) analysis showed five significant AA clusters. Cultivar Fiddle had significantly higher total AA (19.6 g/100 g) and digestibility (88.5%) than all other cultivars. CDC Amarillo and Jetset were significantly higher in cystine (Cys), and CDC Inca and CDC Striker were significantly higher in methionine (Met) than other cultivars; CDC Spectrum was the best option in terms of high levels of both Cys and Met. Lysine (Lys) concentration did not vary with cultivar. A 100 g serving of organic dry pea provides a significant portion of the recommended daily allowance of six essential AAs (14–189%) and daily protein (22–48%) for an average adult weighing 72 kg. Overall, this study shows organic dry pea has excellent protein quality, significant amounts of sulfur-containing AAs and Lys, and good protein digestibility, and thus has good potential for future plant-based food production. Further genetic studies are warranted with genetically diverse panels to identify candidate genes and target parents to develop nutritionally superior cultivars for organic protein production.
Benzonatate as a local anesthetic
Authors: McGuire Anna , Ostertag-Hill Claire A. , Aizik Gil , Li Yang , Kohane Daniel S.
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Benzonatate is an FDA-approved antitussive agent that resembles tetracaine, procaine, and cocaine in its chemical structure. Based on structural similarities to known local anesthetics and recent findings of benzonatate exerting local anesthetic-like effects on voltage-gated sodium channels in vitro, we hypothesized that benzonatate will act as a local anesthetic to yield peripheral nerve blockade.

Methods

Benzonatate was injected at the sciatic nerve of Sprague-Dawley rats. Sensory and motor blockade were assessed using a modified hot plate test and a weight-bearing test, respectively. Additionally, the effect of co-injection with tetrodotoxin and Tween 80 (a chemical permeation enhancer) was examined. Myotoxicity of benzonatate was assessed in vivo by histological analysis.

Results

Benzonatate produced a concentration-dependent sensory and motor nerve blockade with no appreciable systemic effects. Co-injection with tetrodotoxin or Tween 80 produced prolongation of sensory nerve blockade. Histologic assessment showed significant inflammation and myotoxicity from benzonatate injection, even at low concentrations.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that benzonatate does act as a local anesthetic at the peripheral nerve, with sensory and motor nerve blockade. Benzonatate interacts with tetrodotoxin and Tween 80 to prolong nerve blockade. However, benzonatate causes significant myotoxicity, even at subtherapeutic concentrations.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of potassium chloride in the management of out-of hospital cardiac arrest by refractory ventricular fibrillation: Study protocol of the POTACREH study
Authors: Jouffroy Romain , Ecollan Patrick , Chollet-Xemard Charlotte , Prunet Bertrand , Elie Caroline , Treluyer Jean-Marc , Vivien Benoit
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has a poor prognosis, with an overall survival rate of about 5% at discharge. Shockable rhythm cardiac arrests (ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT)) have a better prognosis. In case of shockable rhythm, treatment is based on defibrillation, and thereafter, in case of failure of 3 external electric shocks (EES), on direct intravenous administration of 300 mg amiodarone, or lidocaine when amiodarone is unavailable or inefficient.

During surgical procedures under extracorporeal circulation, a high potassium cardioplegia solution is administered to interrupt cardiac activity and facilitate surgical procedure. By extension, direct intravenous administration of potassium chloride (KCl) has been shown to convert VF, resulting in return to a hemodynamically efficient organized heart rate within a few minutes.

The aim of this study is to provide clinical evidence that direct intravenous injection of KCl, into a patient presenting with OHCA due to refractory VF although 3 EES, should interrupt this VF and then allow rapid restauration of an organized heart rhythm, and thus return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).

Methods

A multicenter, prospective, single group, phase 2 study will be conducted on 81 patients presenting with refractory VF. After failure of 3 EES, each patient will receive direct intravenous injection of 20 mmol KCl instead of amiodarone. The primary outcome will be survival rate at hospital admission. Major secondary outcomes will include ROSC and time to ROSC in the prehospital setting, number of VF recidivism after KCl injection, survival rate at hospital discharge with a good neurologic prognostic, and survival rate 3 months after hospital discharge with a good neurologic prognostic.

Results

No patient is currently included in the study.

Discussion

Conventional guideline strategy based on antiarrhythmic drug administration, i.e. amiodarone or lidocaine, for OHCA due to shockable rhythm, has not yet demonstrated an increase in survival at hospital admission or at hospital discharge. This may be related to the major cardiodepressant effect of those drugs.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04316611. Registered on March 2020. AP-HP180577 / N° EUDRACT: 2019-002544-24. Funded by the French Health Ministry. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04316611.
Hazell (1978–80) and the disappearing detective: 1970s British television, a genre literature and the end of an era
Authors: Kiszely Philip
Published: April 2023

This article considers links between 1970s British television and male-oriented detective fiction. It takes as its focus the eponymous protagonist of Thames Television’s Hazell (1978–80), whose first incarnation, in the ‘P. B. Yuill’ novel Hazell Plays Solomon, dates back to 1974. During the 1970s the investigator figure was to British television what the espionage adventurer had been in the 1960s – all but ubiquitous. Contemporaneous genre literature, often influenced by the US ‘hard-boiled’ tradition, played a pivotal role in establishing such a presence. Yet its relationship with television remains obscure. Why should this be the case? And what might be gained from looking at the changing world of the 1970s through the eyes of an obsolete archetype? In response to these questions, the article retrieves one cultural history (literature) on the back of, and while augmenting, another (television). Hazell, with its distinct ‘meta’ quality and end-of-era proximity, proves useful to this exercise.
Influence of various forms of cellulose on the mechanical properties of polymer composites modified in a constant magnetic field
Authors: Miękoś Ewa , Zieliński Marek , Sroczyński Dariusz , Fenyk Anna
Published: April 2023

The paper presents the study of polymer composites on epoxy resin matrix, polymerized in the environment of a constant magnetic field. The composites contained admixtures of various forms of cellulose – microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose from waste hemp straw fibers – in an amount ranging from 10 to 30 wt%. Changes in the mechanical properties due to the effect of a constant magnetic field with a magnetic induction value of B = 0.5 T. The composites additionally contained magnetic particles in the form of carbonyl iron, in the amount of 10 wt%.
Environmentally hazard and toxic exoskeletons of marine crustaceans wastes in synthesizing N-deacetylated chitin
Authors: El-Mekawy Rasha
Published: April 2023

High molecular weight chitosan was synthesized from shrimp shells. Chemical structure of chitosan was confirmed using FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and SEM analyses. Physicochemical properties of chitosan such as molecular weight (800 000 g/mol), deacetylation degree (80%), ash content (1%) indicating effectiveness of demineralization step in removing minerals, water binding capacity (4220%), and fat binding capacity (537%), were determined. FT-IR spectra exhibited characteristic joint band at 3365 cm-1 due to –OH and –NH2 regarding to the conversion of chitin acetyl group to NH2 of chitosan.
Physiological and morphological responses of two beans common genotype to water stress at different phenological stages
Authors: Fogaça Alisson Marcos , Castro Aline Garcia de , Barbosa Eduardo Augusto Agnellos
Published: April 2023

Comprehension of the bean responses of beans common under to water deficit is an important tool in agricultural planning, like sowing time, and deficit irrigation management strategies. The study aimed to understand the morpho-physiological responses and yield attributes of two common bean genotypes submitted to water stress at different phenological stages. The study was carried out in a greenhouse, in randomized block scheme with five repetitions. To achieve the objectives deficit irrigation of 25% of crop evapotranspiration was practiced during vegetative (DI-V), flowering (DI-F), and pod filling (DI-PF) stages. A non-deficit irrigated (NDI) and deficit irrigated through vegetative to pod filling stages (DI-VP) treatments were added for comparison. The following morphophysiological responses and yield attributes were evaluated: net assimilation of CO2, stomatal conductance, and leaf transpiration, chlorophyll index, number of trifoliate leaves, chlorophyll index, leaf area, number of grains per plant, number of grains per pod, number of pods per plant, the mass of thousand grains, harvest index, and water use efficiency. The beans genotype under DI-V exhibited acclimation, observed by the relative increment with NDI of 195%, 759%, and 231% of net assimilation of CO2, stomatal conductance, and leaf transpiration, respectively. Plants under treatment DI-PF experienced dis-stress and plastic responses as leaf losses and exhaustion of gas exchanges. Treatment DI-V received 11% less water than NDI and exhibited equal yield, resulting in higher water use efficiency. Yield attributes correlations indicated that yield penalty might be related to pods abortion, which not occurred to plants under DI-V.
Insecticidal potential of organic extracts of Calotropis procera to Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Souza Thaisa Aparecida Neres de , Alvarenga Clarice  Diniz , Soares Daniel  Pereira , Giustolin Teresinha Augusta
Published: April 2023

This study evaluated the toxic effects of organic extracts of Calotropis procera leaves on the survival, development, and reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda. Solutions of crude methanol extract and hexane and methanol fractions of C. procera leaves were added at 1.15% and 2.14% concentrations to the artificial diet of S. frugiperda. The mortality and duration of larval and pupal phases, weights of female and male pupae, deformations of pupae and adults, the reduction of adults able to reproduce, pre-oviposition and oviposition periods, the number of postures per female, and the fecundity and fertility of S. frugiperda females were also evaluated. The extracts harmed the survival, development, and reproduction of S. frugiperda. The ingestion of extracts and fractions by caterpillars affected adults by decreasing the oviposition period, the number of postures, fecundity, and fertility. The crude MeOH extract at a 2.14% concentration harmed the evaluated parameters of the insect, except for pupal mortality, female pupae weight, and pre-oviposition period. The MeOH fraction at 2.14% caused a 50.0% mortality of caterpillars and 16.0% deformation in pupae and 33.0% in adults, reducing by 72.0% the population able to reproduce. The MeOH fraction at the 2.14% concentration caused 25.0% and 38.0% of pupal mortality and deformation, respectively. Calotropis procera has promising insecticidal properties for a biological insecticide, a convenient and sustainable strategy for protecting plants against S. frugiperda.
FIQH PERKAWINAN BEDA AGAMA DI INDONESIA: Kajian atas Fatwa-Fatwa NU, MUI dan Muhammadiyyah
Authors: Mutakin Ali
Published: April 2023

Interfaith marriages are a classic example of a legal question that has yet to be resolved. There are several points of contention in it, ranging from how to define the term scribes to their legal standing. The purpose of this paper is to describe how the fatwas of NU, MUI, and Muhammadiyyah reinterpret mixed marriages. A descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach is used in this investigation. The research data is collated and described for further analysis using existing ideas, after which conclusions are drawn. This analysis demonstrates that NU's qaulī technique, MUI's maṣlaha mursala method, and Muhammadiyyah's sadd al-żarī'a method all strongly establish that interfaith marriage is prohibited, regardless of its form.Perkawinan beda agama, merupakan persoalan klasik yang hingga saat ini belum disepakati status hukumnya. Di dalamnya terdapat perbedaan pendapat, mulai dari memaknai istilah ahli kitab hingga status hukumnya. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan reinterpretasi tentang perkawinan beda agama yang termuat dalam fatwa-fatwa NU, MUI dan Muhammadiyyah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian disusun serta dijelaskan untuk selanjutnya dianalisa berdasarkan teori yang ada kemudian ditarik kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa NU melalui metode qauli, MUI melalui maṣlahah mursalah dan Muhammadiyyah melalui metode sadd al-żari’ah dengan tegas menfatwakan bahwa apapun jenisnya, perkawinan beda agama dilarang oleh.
‘ALASAN KHAWATIR’ PADA PENETAPAN HUKUM DISPENSASI KAWIN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA BATUSANGKAR
Authors: Fadhli Ashabul , Warman Arifki Budia
Published: April 2023

This article discusses the ‘alasan khawatir’ [reason for concern] as a ground for the marriage dispensation files in Batusangkar Religious Court. This research had begun prior to the revision of the marriage dispensation regulation (Act 16/2019 and Supreme Court Regulation 5/2019). This is juridical-normative research accompanied by interviews. The data was gathered by investigating the marriage dispensation decisions (2017-2018) in Batusangkar Religious Court. Data was also obtained through interviews with judges, litigants, and figures who were capable to explain marriage dispensation in the Batusangkar community. This study finds that marriage dispensations in Batusangkar Religious Court are frequently justified by 'parental concerns'. The cases that are granted under these pretexts often do not reflect actual facts that led to marriage. Judges believe that decisions produced during that time are relevant to the information provided by the litigants, even if the judges did not hear the facts (clearly). In addition, this study indicates that, following the implementation of the new regulation, judges appear to be more motivated to prioritize the child's best interests as a principle to consider. As a result, granted applications become more stringent in emergency situations and according to the child's best interests.Artikel ini mendiskusikan ‘alasan khawatir’ sebagai landasan yang sering digunakan dalam permohonan dispensasi kawin. Penelitian ini awalnya dilakukan sebelum revisi peraturan dispensasi kawin tahun 2019 (UU 16/2019 dan Perma 5/2019). Secara metodologis, penelitian ini termasuk penelitian yuridis-normatif yang disertai dengan wawancara. Data dikumpulkan dengan menginvestigasi penetapan-penetapan dispensasi kawin yang diputuskan oleh Pengadilan Agama Batusangkar tahun 2017-2018. Data juga diperoleh dengan mewawancarai para hakim, litigan, dan beberapa tokoh yang dikira mampu menjelaskan fenomena dispensasi kawin di kehidupan masyarakat Batusangkar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkara-perkara permohonan dispensasi kawin tahun 2017-2018 di PA Batusangkar berisi alasan ‘khawatiran orang tua’ sebagai dasar permohonan. Perkara-perkara yang dikabulkan dengan dalih tersebut sering tidak merepresentasikan kejadian atau peristiwa yang mendesak untuk menikah. Hakim PA Batusangkar meyakini bahwa setiap penetapan hukum yang dihasilkan pada saat itu relevan dengan keterangan yang diberikan oleh para pemohon, meskipun hakim tidak dengan jelas mendengar fakta-fakta yang mendorong para litigant tersebut. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengindikasikan bahwa setelah keberadaan aturan yang baru, para hakim PA Batusangkar tampaknya terdorong lebih memperhatikan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak sebagai poin pertimbangan. Ini berkonsekuensi pada permohonan-permohonan yang dikabulkan jadi lebih mengetat pada kasus-kasus yang dianggap mendesak kemudian dihakimi sesuai dengan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak.
Optimization of Twice-exceptional Students’ Giftedness in Memorizing the Qur'an
Authors: Wahab Rochmat , Hermanto Hermanto , Pamungkas Bayu , Damayanto Angga
Published: April 2023

Purpose – This study aims to describe the teachers’ efforts to optimize the giftedness of twice-exceptional students in memorizing the Qur'an.

Design/methods/approach – The method used in this study was qualitative research with observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. Respondents in this study consist of 50 teachers of twice-exceptional students selected by random sampling. The data was then analysed through data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.

Findings – The optimization of twice-exceptional students to memorize the Qur'an is shown by an assessment, direction of learning, and memorizing programs of the Qur'an according to their specificity, involvement in socio-religious activities in the community, and cooperation with the family.

Research implications/limitations – This study was conducted in Yogyakarta City with teachers of twice-exceptional students as the respondents in the categories of gifted students with visual impairments, gifted students with hearing impairments, gifted students with physical barriers, and gifted students with autism.

Originality/value – The development of Qur'an learning models for twice-exceptional students on different types of specificities needs to be enhanced to accommodate their specific abilities and needs.
Integration of Pancasila Values in Islamic Cultural History Subjects: A Content Analysis
Authors: Faaza Muhammad , Rofik Rofik
Published: April 2023

Purpose – This study aims to determine Pancasila's values, which are integrated into student books for class X Islamic Cultural History.

Design/methods/approaches – To collect data, this library research uses documentation. The data is collected from relevant sources such as student books, journals, news, and related laws and regulations. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis method.

Findings – The results of this study indicate that the Islamic Cultural History student book at Madrasah Aliyah Class X contains Pancasila values that can be integrated with the material.  It shows that  1) there are 17 Pancasila values contained in the Islamic Cultural History MA student book for class X, namely in the first precepts points 1, 2, and 7; the second precept of the 9th, 10th, 11th, 13th, 14th, and 15th points; the third precept point 18 and 19; the fourth point of the 27th precept; fifth precept on points 37,40, 41, 42, and 45. 2) Integrating the values of Pancasila with the material in the Islamic Cultural History MA Class X student book is expected to be able to increase the spirit of nationalism and be able to prevent the spread of anti-Pancasila ideology, which is currently rife in Indonesia, especially among Muslim students because Pancasila is the foundation for Islamic Religious Education in Indonesia, especially the History of Islamic Culture to maintain national unity and integrity.

Research limitations – This research has limitations in scope, it can only cover available sources, so it may not include all relevant literature.

Originality /value – Teachers can use the findings from the research in teaching Islamic cultural history subjects that integrate with Pancasila values.
Dynamics of the Implementation of Experience-Based Religious Learning in Indonesian and Malaysian Senior High Schools
Authors: Kistoro Hanif Cahyo Adi , Ru’iya Sutipyo , Husna Difaul , Burhan Norhapizah Mohd
Published: April 2023

Purpose – This study describes implementing the experiential learning-based spiritual learning model for high school students.

Design/methods/approach – This research adopts a qualitative methodology with a narrative approach, focusing on thirteen Islamic religion teachers from both public and private high schools in Indonesia and Malaysia.

Findings – This study divides the findings into three, namely teacher understanding, forms of application and constraints in experiential learning. Teachers' understanding of experiential learning based on this research is not evenly distributed. meaning that the teacher in theory does not know much but some have practiced it. the application of learning is carried out using online media. while the constraints faced came from internal and external factors.

Research implications/limitations – This research recommends the use of experiential learning to enhance religious education. Teachers need to develop innovative learning strategies, while students should actively participate in the learning process and apply their experiences. The study also suggests that schools should incorporate experiential learning methods in their curriculum to enhance the effectiveness of religious education. These recommendations provide practical insights into developing religious education based on experiential learning.

Originality/value – The study found similarities in the application of experiential learning in religious education between Indonesia and Malaysia, including the use of video media to increase students' interest in the material. However, both countries face similar obstacles, such as the need to increase teacher competence in innovative learning strategies, the presence of noise in new learning, and the need for standard syllabi.
Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak dalam Pendidikan Pesantren
Authors: Habibullah Ricky , Sugiantoro Bambang
Published: April 2023

The rapid development of technology in recent years has also impacted the education sector, especially in pesantren institutions. Pesantren has responded well to technological advances by utilizing the Maktabah Syamilah (application) of online book libraries as an educational tool, allowing students to access yellow book references. This study aims to demonstrate that software engineering technology (RPL) that dynamically develops has an important role in the development of Pondok Pesantren in implementing teaching instruments. This study uses the library research method, supported by literature evidence, to compile the research. The results show that software development must go through a structured process and have many models, namely software engineering (RPL), which aims to improve the software. This research implies that the current pattern of pesantren education utilizes technology as a learning instrument, such as Maktabah Syamilah, allowing teachers and students to respond well to technological advancements.
AN ANALYSIS OF SHOOTING ACCURACY TOWARDS ARCHERY ATHLETE’S ARM LENGTH, ARM STRENGTH, AND BODY MASS INDEX (A Study of KONI Bandung District, Archery Division)
Authors: Noor Ghaida Zakia
Published: April 2023

Background. Accuracy in archery is the ability to achieve (point) against the target or Target Face when the arrows are out of the bow using a high level of consentration in carrying out a series of shooting techniques. Based on many numbers of arrow athletes who won the championship by balancing their body balance and maintaining their stamina.Purpose. To understand the possibility of any potencies or some overviews of sleeve length, arm muscle strength, limb length, and body mass towards the archery accuracy in archery athletes.Method. This research is an analytic observational research with a cross sectional approach, which is a research that emphasizes measurement time or data observation one time at a time, which is done on the dependent variable and independent variable. This research only makes observations, without giving any intervention on researched variables. The data analysis used is pearson correlation test and using hypothesis test, and by performing a linear regression test.Result. The pearson correlation test using sleeve length towards the accuracy of archery showed the correlation score (r) equal to 0,576 (p=0,002) significant (p<0.05), limb length towards the archery accuracy with the correlation score (r ) equal to 0,631 (p=0,001) significant (p<0,05). And the hipothesis test obtained the arm length, limb length, and body mass index showed that there was not any meanignful correlation towards the accuracy of archery, and dominantly correlating with the arm muscle strength.Conclusion. The accuracy in archery has a high effect, namely with sufficient training to build good muscle strength.Key Words. Accuracy of archery, exercise, arm muscle strength.
HAND, FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE: A REVIEW
Authors: Lailatannur Lisa
Published: April 2023

Abstract Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease or HFMD is a common childhood infectious disease mainly caused by coxsackievirus A16 (CVA 16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71). This HFMD disease can spread throughout the world and also cause outbreaks. Occurrence of this disease is mostly reported in the summer and fall. However, in Indonesia itself, HFMD is still not getting enough attention due to its self-limiting nature, so there is not enough epidemiological data.Objective: This research was conducted to find out the description of hand, foot, and mouth disease or HFMD.Methods: Conducting a literature review of previous journal articles related to hand, foot, and mouth disease or HFMD.Results: HFMD caused by coxsackievirus A16 or CVA16 and enterovirus 71 or EV71 which are self-limiting. Contact with saliva, fluids, and feces of HFMD patients can trigger transmission. Meanwhile, vaccines and antivirals have not been found that can be a way to treat and prevent EV71.Conclusion: One solution that is considered effective for preventing HFMD is to always practice clean living. Keywords: Hand, foot and mouth disease; HFMD; eEV71; CVA16; A16
Case Report: Diagnosis and Treatment Esophageal Varices
Authors: Nilmarani Risa Ayu , Zachreini Indra , Novita Diana
Published: April 2023

Background: Esophageal varices are dilated submucosal veins that connect the portal and systemic circulations to the esophagus. It occurs because of portal hypertension (most caused by cirrhosis), portal blood flow resistance, and increased portal vein blood flow. Esophageal variceal bleeding has a higher morbidity and mortality rate than other upper gastrointestinal bleeding types. In cases of esophageal variceal bleeding, an endoscopic examination is required to make a diagnosis, assess varicose veins, and plan management based on the underlying disease. This case report reviews the diagnosis and management of the esophageal varices at ENT-KL department. Case Presentation: We present a case in which a 54-year-old woman presented to the emergency department of Cut Meutia Hospital with complaints of painful swallowing and a swollen neck. The patient has had this complaint for 5 years, and is getting worse by the day. A barium swallow examination revealed esophageal varices in one-third of the distal esophagus between the seventh and ninth thoracic vertebrae. Conclusion: The patient was diagnosed with esophageal varices and was treated several times before being transferred to a gastroenterology department.
Case Report: Non-Cirrhotic Hepatoma BCLC-C With Vertebrae Metastasis
Authors: Ariobimo Bonfilio Neltio , Nujum Nurun Nujum , Saputro Daniel Ponco Harto
Published: April 2023

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can arise from either cirrhosis or non-cirrhosis of the liver. HCC in non-cirrhotic livers is still uncommon and can present insidiously in patients. HCC may develop in people with non-cirrhotic chronic liver illness, such as chronic hepatitis B virus infection and chronic HCV infection. More than half of non-cirrhotic individuals with HCC may not exhibit any symptoms, and the disease is frequently detected when it is advanced and incurable. Case Report: Here we presented a 47-year-old man went to the emergency room complaining of upper right side abdominal discomfort that suddenly arose and spread to the back and right shoulder. He also experiencing upper right abdominal fullness for the past two months, along with a sense of a lump growing larger and harder. Hepatic stigmata were not discovered, whole blood revealed a thrombocytosis and significant rising AFP from the expected result of 71,000 ng/dL, with hepatitis B testing was positive. Abdominal ultrasound revealed hepatomegaly and several hypo-hyperechoic nodules. CT scan revealed multiple solid lesions and lytic lesions of the vertebrae bodies. The patient recieved palliative treatment.. Conclusion: This case study demonstrates a non-cirrhotic hepatoma that came at an80 tan advanced stage and was more likely to be asymptomatic than a cirrhotic hepatoma that showed signs of liver failure, such as hepatic stigmata and other physiologic abnormalities. This case report demonstrates the This case study demonstrates the importance of strengthening general HHC preventative measures in order to lower non-cirrhotic HHC's incidence and fatality rate.
CASE REPORT: PANCYTOPENIA IN SEVERE MALARIA WITH SUSPECTED HEMOPHAGOCYTIC SYNDROME AT ATAMBUA HOSPITAL
Authors: Lainy Krisdianto Putra , Laurus Geraldo , Sugi Yosef Samon
Published: April 2023

Background: Malaria is a parasitic infectious disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malaria. The signs of a malaria infection include fever, chills, anemia, and splenomegaly. In the Belu district, the incidence of malaria is still high. It’s about 10,6 per 1000 population. Objective: To describe a case of Malaria in one of patient in Indonesia.Methods: Case reportResults: A 61-year-old woman with Malaria with clinical manifestations as follow, fever, body aches, and chills felt since 3 days before hospital admissions. On the 4th day of treatment, plasmodium falciparum was found.Conclusion: A combination of anti-malarial medications (OAM) is used in the treatment of malaria with the goal of reducing plasmodium resistance to anti-malarial medications.
The Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Neem Leaf (Azadirachta indica) Mouthwash Against The Growth of Streptococcus sp.
Authors: Abdurrahman Muhammad , Lestari Endang Sri , Prihatiningsih Tyas
Published: April 2023

Background: Streptococcus sp. is a bacteria group in the oral cavity that plays a significant role in initiating plaque biofilm formation on teeth. One way to control plaque is gargling with mouthwash. Neem leaves contain antibacterial compounds such as alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, and flavonoids that can be formulated as mouthwash ingredients.Objective: The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Neem Leaf (EENL) mouthwash on the growth of Streptococcus sp.Methods: The research design was a pretest-posttest control group. The 28 samples of Streptococcus sp. were divided into 7 treatment groups (4 repetitions). The treatment group was given EENL mouthwash with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5%, a negative control was given aquadest and positive control was given 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. Bacterial growth is known through the absorbance values. Data analysis used one-way Anova test and post hoc LSD test at p<0.05Results: EENL mouthwash has antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sp. One way ANOVA test on the difference in absorbance values shows a p=0.00. LSD post hoc test between EENL concentration of 2.5% and chlorhexidine 0.2% showed equivalent antibacterial activity (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the post hoc LSD test between concentrations of 5% - 12.5% with 0.2% chlorhexidine showed a significant difference in antibacterial power (p<0.05). This indicates a stronger antibacterial activity at a concentration of 5% - 12.5% compared to 0.2% chlorhexidine.Conclusion: EENL mouthwash effective against the growth of Streptococcus sp
Negative correlation of Modified Sperm Stress Test with Leukocyte in Sperm but not with the sperm concentration and motility
Authors: Rizal Dicky Moch , Laurus Geraldo , Septiyorini Nandia
Published: April 2023

Background: Sperm analysis is an initial detection procedure of male infertility recommended by the WHO. Sperm motility as one of the important parameters in sperm analysis has a close correlation with various determinants of male infertility and the success of Assissted Reproductive Technology (ART). Several laboratory assays were carried out as a complement to sperm analysis to describe the sperm ability for fertilization. One of the assays was the modified sperm stress test (MOST) to predict oocyte fertilization in In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF).Objective: This study aimed to assess the correlation between MOST ratio and sperm parameters in infertile men.Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytic study by taking sperm analysis and MOST data from 864 males with infertility problems who went to an infertility clinic, Sadewa IVF, Yogyakarta, Indonesia from May 2015 to November 2020.Results: The mean sperm volume and concentration of the 864 patients were 3.04 mL and 35.74 x 106 / mL respectively. The mean forward motility and normal morphology were 47.93% and 2.07% respectively. The mean leukocyte cell number was 0.84%, and the mean MOST ratio was 0.51. The results showed a positive correlation between sperm concentration (r = 0.235) and motility (r = 0.302) with the MOST ratio. Meanwhile, the leukocyte parameter negatively correlated with the MOST ratio (r = -0.076) and no correlation between other sperm parameters to the MOST ratio.Conclusion:There is a positive correlation between sperm concentration and motility with the MOST ratio, and a negative correlation between the number of leukocytes and the MOST ratio. This result supports the findings of previous studies regarding the importance of sperm motility examination in the success of ART. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the MOST in male infertility patients with the big sample size.
The Protective Effect of N-Acetylcysteine and Honey Against Lungs Damage of Mice (Mus Musculus) After Cigarette Smoke Exposure: A Histological Study
Authors: Tando Yudhie Djuhastidar , Taihuttu Yuniasih Mulyani Jubeline , Silalahi Parningotan Yosi , Salhuteru Zwesty Anggreany
Published: April 2023

Background: Cigarette smoke is a source of free radicals that could cause lung damage. Honey and N-Acetylcysteine have antioxidant effects that could play a role in preventing lung damage.Objective: This study aims to compare the effects of honey and N-Acetylcysteine on lung histological features of mice (Mus musculus) after exposure to cigarette smoke.Methods: This research is an actual experimental study with post-test only control group design. There were 25 adult male mice selected and divided into four groups, i.e., the standard control group (not given exposure or treatment); the negative control group (received 0.2 mL of aqua bidest and exposure to cigarette smoke); the first treatment group (received 0.2 ml of honey and exposure to cigarette smoke); the second treatment  group (received 0.2 mL of N-Acetylcysteine and exposure to cigarette smoke). The treatment was carried out every day for 21 days.Result: One way ANOVA statistical test showed significant differences between the experimental groups (p<0.001). Mice in the group that was only received aqua bidest (negative control group) had the highest percentage of lung damage (76.6%) compared to mice from other groups. The lowest percentage of lung damage was found in the treatment group that received NAC (26.6%). Tukey test showed no significant differences in the lung damage between honey and N-Acetylcysteine groups (p=0.685).Conclusion: Honey and N-Acetylcysteine demonstrated some protective effect against lung damage of mice as a result of cigarette smoking exposure. Further research is recommended by extending the treatment time, increasing the exposure to cigarettes smokes per day, as well as varying the dose of honey and N-Acetylcysteine administered