bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lepidium sativum Linn: Applications and Pharmaceutical
Excipient Properties
Authors: Shanware Sidhhi , Wadher Kamlesh , Taksande Jayashree , Umekar Milind
Published: November 2020

Natural gums and mucilages are familiar for their medicinal and pharmaceutical excipient
properties. Mucilages from plant sources are found to be very potential, interesting and valuable in
development of desired pharmaceutical dosage forms. Lepidium sativum Linn (Family Cruciferae)is oe
of the mucilage containing edible annual herb used to treat various human ailments.The plant possesses
flavonoids, coumarins, sulphur glycosides, triterpenes, sterols and various imidazole alkaloids. Parts of
plats such as leaves, fruits and seeds along with various extracts of them have different pharmaceutical
activities. Lepidium sativum seeds contains large amounts of mucilaginous constituents when soaked in
water and a transparent gel forms around the whole seed. It mainly consists of polysaccharides,
especially cellulose and uronic acid. Recently mucilarge obtained from its seeds been explored for its
excipient property in the development and design of various pharmaceutical dosage forms. This review
mainly focuses on application and pharmaceutical excipients properties of mulicage of Lepidium
sativum Linn.
Removal of Acid Yellow 36 and Rhodamine B from single and
binary systems by reverse micelles
Authors: Saha Anindita , Pandit Prabhat
Published: November 2020

In the present study reverse micelles are employed to encapsulate ionic dyes such
as, azo dye Acid Yellow 36 (AY36) also known as Metanil Yellow and cationic dye
Rhodamine B (RhB). This method proved to be highly efficient in the removal of high
concentrations of dyes as much as 40mg/100ml from aqueous solutions of single and binary
systems. The effect of different parameters like initial dye concentration, surfactant
concentration, pH and salt (KCl) concentration on the percentage removal of the dyes were
studied. It was observed that the percentage removal for both anionic and cationic dye
decreased with the increase in the initial dye concentration and increased with the increase in
the surfactant concentration in case of both the dyes in single and binary systems. Further, it
was noticed that for anionic dye the percentage removal increased with the increase of both
pH and KCl concentration while the results were exactly the reverse in case of RhB dye
which exists in both cationic and zwitterionic forms at pH above 4. In binary systems, it was
found that the removal of RhB increased compared to its removal from single system, while
the removal of AY36 decreased in binary system
Condensation Methods for the Determination of Darunavir in
Pure and Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Acharyulu M.L.N. , Mohana Rao P.V.S.R. , Ramakoti I. Siva
Published: November 2020

Two visible spectrophotometric methods were developed Aand B for the
determination of Darunavir in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. The methods are based on
condensation reaction with PDAB (Method-A) and ONB (Method-B) in presence of acidic
medium with the primaryamine group in DNV. The coloured products exhibit absorption λmax at
639 nm and 452nm for methods A and B respectively. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert
plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges 10-60μg/ml, 50-300 μg/ml, correlation
co-efficients are 0.9983, 0.9989;Sandell’s sensitivities are9.9833 x 10-3, 3.0456 x 10-2(1 mole
cm-1); and molar absorptivity values are5.4857 x 104,1.7981x 104 (μg cm-2) for methods-Aand B
respectively. The proposed methods are applied to commercial available formulations and the
results are statistically compared with those obtained by the UV reference method and validated
by recovery studies. The results are found satisfactory and reproducible. These methods are
applied successfully for the estimation of the DNV in the presence of other ingredients that are
usually present in formulations. These methods offer the advantages of rapidity, simplicity and
sensitivity and low cost without the need for expensive instrumentation and reagents.
Comparison of Pure and Hybrid Nanoparticles using Ionic
Liquid as a Capping agent
Authors: Santhi N. , Rajathi K. , Sridhar S.
Published: November 2020

Ionic liquids are exceptional chemical compounds that are used in many areas of
modern science. Due to their highly adjustable nature and incomparable properties, ionic liquids
have become key players in the areas of synthesis, catalysis, extraction, electrochemistry,
analysis, biotechnology, etc. In addition to the physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids,
their high biological activity has attracted considerable attention from biochemists, ecologists
and medical professionals. Due to the properties mentioned above, an imidazolium ionic liquid
solvent was used for the synthesis of nanostructure nanoparticles. In the present work, cubic
form of pure Fe2O3, spherical nature of pure Ag (0) and hexagonal shaped hybrid Ag- Fe2O3
were successfully synthesized by a simple co-precipitation, reduction and co-precipitation
processes. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized in detail by spectral studies such as
IR, XRD, SEM, EDX and TEM analysis. The size and shape of the particles were performed by
X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques and Transmission
Electron Microscope (TEM) techniques. Quality quantity and purity of the products was checked
by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX).
Prevalence of Glioblastoma-Not Otherwise Specified (NOS)
Based on the Clinical and Histopathology Findings in Main
Tertiary Referral Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Ban Bolly Hendrikus Masang , Faried Ahmad , Halim Danny , Hermanto Yulius , Tjahjono Firman Priguna , Zafrullah Arifin Muhammad
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Glioblastoma is the deadliest malignant brain tumors in adults. The main
challenges in treating glioblastoma are its resistance to the chemo-radiotherapy, poor outcome and low
survival rate. The World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 classification identifies two types of
glioblastoma by its mutational status of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH); since our national insurance
experiences budget-limitation, we could not freely apply it in our institutions. We aims to find the
prevalence and outcome of glioblastoma-not otherwise specified (NOS) based on its clinical
manifestations and histopathology findings. Methods: We performed retrograde-analysis based on
clinical and histology findings on 48 glioblastoma-NOS patients from 2012-2017. We analyzed its
characteristic, primary complains, lesions location, macroscopic findings, therapy and the final outcomes.
Results: Glioblastoma-NOS is the most common type of gliomas occurs in adults ages 49.29±12.13 years
(range 17-72 years). The tumor predominantly involves the frontal lobe (25%) with chronic progressive
headache as the chief complaint (90%); 93.8% of the patients underwent tumor removal and received
chemo-radiotherapy after surgery based on the histopathology findings. The median survival is 18 months
and the prevalence of glioblastoma-NOS in our tertiary referral hospital is 4.72%. Conclusion:
Hopefully, our study will improve the understanding of the regional differences in glioblastoma-NOS
prevalence and pave the way for identifying the regional risk factors that would allow us to improve the
protocols on glioblastoma detection, prevention and management. Further studies, incorporating
molecular techniques into a patient’s tumor analysis for IDH1 mutant or wild type are required for the
promise of personalized medicine.
Effect of different biopesticides on mortality and their
synergetic effect on the fecundity of Tribolium castaneum
(Herbst, 1797)
Authors: Khan Muhammad Musa , Siddiqui Junaid Ali , Kaleem Ullah Rana Muhammad , Raza Muhammad Fahim
Published: November 2020

Tribolium castaneum is an important stored grain pest. T. castaneum not only caused heavy losses in
stored grain products, but it also becomes resistant to many pesticides, which makes pests more important.
Synergism is an important tool to reduce the risk of the development of resistance. This study was designed to
investigate the toxicity, synergism effect, and effect of the combination of different biopesticides on the
fecundity of T. castaneum Results showed that among six biopesticides (Spinosad, Abamectin, Azadiractin,
Rosemary oil, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Verticillium lecanii) the spinosad, rosemary oil, and M. anisopliae
exerted maximum percent mortality. When these pesticides were mixed and used to assess the synergistic
effect. Results revealed that spinosad + Rosemary oil was the most effective combination, and exerting caused
more mortality as compared to spinosad + M. anisopliae and rosemary oil + M. anisopliae. Results also showed
that the number of eggs laid per day was also recorded less in the insects which were exposed to spinosad +
rosemary oil as compared to other treatments. The percent reproductive control was about 43% in spinosad +
Rosemary oil combination as compared to other treatments. This study showed that the use of different
pesticides with a different mode of action in small concentration can be more effective than a single pesticide
with high concentration. This technique will effectively deal with pesticide resistance and also economical for
the store owners.
Comparative Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic extracts of
Whole Plant and Leaf Callus of Mollugo oppsitifolia L.
A Potent Traditional Medicinal Herb
Authors: Nagannawar Anju G , Jayaraj M.
Published: November 2020

Natural products from dietary components such as Indian species and
medicinal plants are known to possess antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are inhibitors
of oxidation are compounds which prevent the oxidation and in general prolong the
life of the oxidizable matter. Majority of the diseases/disorders are mainly linked to
oxidative stress due to free radicals. The free radicals (oxidants) are species with very
short half-life, high reactivity and damaging activity towards macromolecules like
proteins, DNA and lipids. In general, the reactive oxygen species circulating and react
with the electron of other molecules in the body and these also affect various enzyme
systems and cause damage which may further contribute to conditions such as cancer,
ischemia, ageing, adult respiratory distress syndromes, rheumatoid arthritis etc.
Dietary plants contain variable amounts of antioxidants. It has been proved that plant
antioxidants may contribute to the beneficial health effects of dietary plants. The
present study was to evaluate antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of iv vivo whole
plant and in vitro leaf callus of Mollugo oppositifolia L. is an important traditional
medicinal herb belonging to the family Molluginaceae using 2,2-diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) radical scavenging assays. The results obtained showed that the
ethanolic extracts of whole plant in vivo and in vitro leaf callus showed significant
DPPH activity with IC50 value of 52.82± 0.0017 μg/mL and 58.66±0.004μg/mL
respectively, while IC50 of vitamin C as standard was 84.84±11.54μg/mL. Present
study revealed that an antioxidant activity was higher leaf callus extract compare to
whole plant extract of Mollugo oppositifolia L.
Formulation and Evaluation of Pediatric Paracetamol Elixir
Using Natural Colorant
Authors: Tirunagari Mamatha , Nerella Nagadivya , Koneru Anupama , Madihah  , Sarfaraz Syed , Mushtaq M. A.
Published: November 2020

Oral dosage forms are most popular among other dosage forms. In terms of
bioavailability liquid dosage form is better than that of solid dosage form. In the present
scenario monophagic liquid dosage forms such as syrups, elixirs, throat paints, mouth washes,
gargles have gained huge popularity. These are very basic preparations which involve brief
processes, machineries and are cost effective also. They come in wide range colours and
flavors so as to attract the pediatric age group. Currently colors derived from natural sources
are given priority compared to synthetic ones. In this study we formulated paracetamol which
is a bitter drug as an elixir using natural colorant from annatto seeds at three different
concentrations in F1, F2, and F3. Ethanol. Propylene glycol, mixed fruit juice, chloroform
spirit, sucrose syrup and glycerin were also used. These formulations were evaluated for
different physical parameters and it showed good results.
RP-HPLC Method development, Validation and Forced
Degradation for Simultaneous estimation of Benserazide HCl
and Levodopa in a Marketed Formulation
Authors: Bhoir Madhusudan , Rao Nutan
Published: November 2020

The objective of the study was to develop and validate a novel, stability
indicating, simple, rapid, accurate, precise and isocratic reverse-phase high-performance liquid
chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous estimation of benserazide HCl and
levodopa in a marketed formulation. Chromatographic separation was achieved by using C18
Cosmosil 4.6 × 250 mm column with a mixture of phosphate buffer pH 2 and acetonitrile in
proportion of 95:5 as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and column temperature 25°C.
The detection was carried out at 210 nm using UV detector. The retention time for benserazide
and levodopa was found to be 3.1 minutes and 6.6 minutes respectively and recoveries from
tablet were between 98 and 102 %.
Advancement in treating Cardiac Diseases using Cardiac
Device
Authors: Sharma Vikas , kumar Akhalesh , Singhal Kartik , Majee Chandana , Salahuddin
Published: November 2020

From the origin of ancient Vedas or Shastras; there was an awareness of artificial intelligence but in
different meanings. In present scenario, one has to perform a lot of research for the production of works relating
with artificial intelligence. Basically, artificial intelligence is a huge group of skills from advanced machines
used for finding the solutions of different fields i.e. in pharma fields or non-pharma fields. The problem of heart
failure or heart attack is very big health issue which is assisted with more than 23 million peoples worldwide.
Heart failure can be held due to the vasoconstriction or improper pumping mechanism of ventricles. Heart
failure heart logic device is a new tsunami in the healthcare system for cardiac devices. This device is in two
different forms which are as (ICD) implantable cardioverter defibrillator and other oneiscardiac
resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D). Heart logic heart failure diagnostic device contains multiple
sensors to track physiological functioning of the heart. There are Heart sound sensors which checks signs of
elevated filling pressure and weakened ventricular contraction. There are also a sensor for checking pulmonary
edema. Respiration sensor is used to monitor the rapid shallow breathing system which is associated with
shortness of breath. Heart rate sensors check the heart rate and arrhythmia conditions. This device can predict
heart failure events weeks before they happen. This artificial intelligence assisted device is showing the
sensitivity in more than 70% of peoples to save the valuable lives of the human beings
Characteristics of PSOAS Abscess in Patient with
Tuberculosis spondylitis from 2016 to 2018 in Haji Adam
Malik General Hospital Medan
Authors: P. Sinurat John Tuahta , Kadar Pranajaya Dharma , Mahruzza Reza
Published: November 2020

Objective- Psoas abscess one of rare manifestation of tuberculosis spondylitis.
5% of cases will develop psoas abscess and can increase the number of morbidity and
mortality if the diagnosis and treatment were late. Material and Method-This is a cross
sectional study to determine characteristics of psoas abscess in patient with tuberculosis
spondylitis. The data is taken from patient’s medical record in Haji Adam Malik General
Hospital from January 2016 to Desember 2018. The Population of this study is all the patients
with tuberculosis spondylitis who come to Emergency Department or Outpatient Clinic. The
collected data is tabulated and presented in the form of a frequency distribution diagram or
table and analysed descriptively using total sampling. Results-The Subject for this study are
13 patients, within the proportion 5 patients are male (38.5%) and 8 patients are female
(61.5%). The data show 5 patients have the ages < 18 years old (38.5%) and 8 patients have
the ages > 18 years old (61.5%). All the patients get antituberculosis drugs as non operative
treatment and 11 patients (84.6%) get an additional operative treatment for drainage the
abscess. The site of psoas abscess in this study, 3 patients developed in thoracolumbal region
(21.7%), 7 patients developed in lumbal region (53.8%) and 3 patients developed in
lumbosacral region (21.7%). Conclusion- from this study we conclude that the incidence are
happened in female more common than male, it usually affects young adult >18 years old and
the common site of psoas abscess is lumbar region.
Formulation, Optimization and In-vitro Evaluation of Fast
Dissolving Oral films of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride by
Solvent Casting method
Authors: Yadav Chandrajeet Kumar , Karn Manish , Yadav Pinki , Mehta Roshan
Published: November 2020

The Present study aimed to prepare fast dissolving oral films (FDFs) of
metoclopramide hydrochloride, because of its application in emesis condition where fast onset
of action and avoidance of water is highly desirable. Moreover, this dosage form is highly
useful in pediatrics, geriatrics and unconscious patients. FDFs were prepared by solvent
casting technique with film forming polymers HPMC, PVA & Sodium alginate in varying
concentrations with excipients like SLS as surfactant, Glycerol as plasticizer, citric acid as
saliva stimulating agent, Sodium Saccharin as sweetening agent. The film of 2×3 cm was
prepared by casting into a petridish of calculated size and dried in dryer at temperature 40˚c.
The In-Vitro evaluation of characteristics like Film Thickness, Weight Variation,
disintegration time, dissolution study, surface pH, content uniformity was studied. The best
formulation was found to be F5 containing polymer PVA and Sodium alginate in the ratio 2:1,
with disintegration time 24 seconds, and dissolution profile of 75% in 60 seconds and 90% in
90 seconds. The content uniformity of all the formulations was found to be within the limit
(98-101%). The disintegration time of all the formulations was found to be below 30 seconds
except F4 (26 sec.). Thus, fast dissolving Films of Metoclopramide hydrochloride can be
successfully formulated and will be used as a novel drug dosage form for paediatric and
geriatric with improved patient compliance and enhanced bioavailability.
Molecular docking studies of some novel
2 & 3-(4-aminobenzamido) benzoic acid derivatives as
DHFR inhibitors for treatment of tuberculosis
Authors: udhe Prashik B. D , Bhatt Hardik G.
Published: November 2020

A Novel series 2 & 3-(4-aminobenzamido) benzoic acid derivatives were
designed virtually considering the basic pharmacophore N-(3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl)-
5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide.The energy minimized conformers of each molecule was
generated and docked with M. tuberculosis DHFR enzyme with PDB id: 1DF7 using
Autodock 4.2.5.1. Most of the molecules have shown significant binding interaction with the
receptor. Among the test compounds, DX-35, DY-24, DX-18, DX-31 & DY-23 have shown
highest free energy of binding -9.51 to -8.92 kcal/mol and also the very good estimated
inhibitory constant in a range of 0.11 to 0.29 Ki μM, which is comparable to that of the
reference standard methotrexate and the standard Anti-Tb drug Ciprofloxacin.
PEDAGOGICAL USE OF DRAMATIC PERFORMANCE THROUGH SCIENCE SUBJECT FOR PEACE EDUCATION IN PARAGUAY
Authors: David Martinez , Susanti Diah , Kurniasih Ranti
Published: November 2020

This research aims to change the effective learning process and encourage students to be more active and creative. As the main objective of MEC (2005), to educate students to become competent members of society as a product of one of the dimensions of science. Research focuses on drama as a method for teaching values and attitudes in education in Paraguay, where values and attitudes must be taught in science subjects because values and attitude are part of basic training every student and schools have a responsibility to achieve these goals as the main goal of the entire education system. Values and attitudes can be represented such as awareness-raising, tolerance, inclusion, and community sustainability. The studies analyzed relate to ways to make drama performances, as a pedagogic practice, that teachers can use in enlarging students’ science abilities such as student behavior and attitudes to become promoters of peace education. In this case, explicitly focusing on Dramatic Performance (DP) as a pedagogic tool to emphasize the teaching of values in science lessons. This study sees drama as an artistic expression that can be developed easily by teachers of various levels and can be applied in all subjects as a fun learning strategy.  Through interviews, strong evidence is found that learning with drama helps teachers make the classroom more dynamic, fun, and participatory. In addition, this kind of method increases students’ curiosity, motivating them to participate actively in the learning process.
DEVELOPING SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS (SPS) INSTRUMENTS FOR VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS USING CBT
Authors: Widodo Widodo , Abdurrahman Abdurrahman , Rosyidin Undang , Suyatna Agus
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to develop a Science Process Skills (SPS) instrument using CBT on heat matter. The method implemented was Borg & Gall Research and Development model. The preliminary stage data proved that instruments to measure SPS using CBT were required. In design & product development stage, instruments were validated by experts. Validation score of media was 84.5%, while matter score was 80%, and language score was 84%. The product testing stage was conducted at a vocational school in Lampung Province. The SPS instruments tested using CBT was done in 4 stages, i.e. the expert, the small group, the field and the instrument test stages. The results of the expert analysis test showed a percentage score of 85.25% or very eligible. The results of limited and field trials showed results of 86.5% and 81.5% or very interesting. The results of small group trials through students’ responses were 86.5% while field trials were 81.5% or very interesting. The instruments test resulted 15 valid instruments of 20 prepared questions, the reliability (r11) was 0.97 or very reliable. The discrimination power of 15 questions was categorized as good. The difficulty level showed that 7 questions were easy while 8 others were sufficient category
DEVELOPMENT OF BOOKLET BASED SCIENCE LEARNING MEDIA FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Aini Cips Nur , Habibi Mohammad Wildan
Published: November 2020

This research is motivated by the low interest in student learning in science subjects, especially class VII Biology material which assumes that Biology material is identical to a lot of writing in books and contains a lot of memorization, educators have not used school facilities to develop learning media and minimal teaching materials are only in the form of worksheets. Students are not interested in learning science. The school is a pesantrenbased school, where students only get information from the LKS and the material delivered by the teacher. One of the interesting learning media is the booklet- based science learning media. This study aims to determine the validity of booklet media and student responses to booklet media. The type of research used is Research and Development which refers to the 4D development model (Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination) from S. Thiangarajan (1974) which has been modified into 3D. The results showed that the results of the material expert validation obtained a percentage of 92%; media experts obtained a percentage of 97.77%; by science teachers obtained a percentage of 100%. Small-scale trials obtained a percentage of 91.06% and large-scale trials obtained a percentage of 92.72%. This it can be concluded that the booklet- based science learning media on the material of the interaction of living things with their environment is valid to be used as a media for learning science biology in class VII MTs / SMP
APPLICATION OF PhET SIMULATION TO ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS MATERIAL IN ONLINE LEARNING
Authors: Masruroh Nufus Choirum , Vivianti Amelya , Anggraeni Putri Maulida , Waroh Siti Nailil , Wakhidah Nur
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the application of learning electrical materials online using the PhET (Physics Education and Technology) simulation media for grade VI students. This quantitative descriptive study illustrates how the PhET simulation media is used in learning to cognitive learning outcomes. Sampling using purposive sampling technique as many as 10 students of MIN 2 Sidoarjo. Data collection techniques were carried out using questionnaires and tests which were sent to students via google form. The student's score is compared to the school's KKM score and the percentage is calculated. The results showed that (i) 80% of students scored above 75 with an average of 85,4 and (ii) 91% of students responded positively to using this application.
VALIDITY ANALYSIS OF ANDROID-BASED DISCOVERY LEARNING LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE PHYSICAL CONCEPTS
Authors: Jaapar Moh Apandi G , Odja Abdul Haris , Buhungo Trisnawaty Junus
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the validity of the discovery learning model assisted by android-based crossword puzzle media in order to see the improvement in the concept of physics. This increase can be seen from the results of the validity of the instrument whether or not the instrument used is feasible. This research method is development research (Dovelopmental Research) with the development design  which consists of (1) instructional problems, (2) learner charity, (3) task analysis, (4) instructional, (5) content sequencing , (6) instructional strategic, (7) instructional delevery, (8) evaluation instruments, and (9) instructional response. The results obtained through two validator experts, the validated device was included in the very valid criteria, so it could be concluded that the instrument was very suitable for use.
THE EFFECT OF THE APPLICATION OF THE GUIDED INQUIRY MODEL WITH THE PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACH ON STUDENTS 'OBSERVATION SKILLS IN ADDITIVE AND ADDICTIVE MATERIALS
Authors: Wafi Ulwan Hibattul , Arif Syaiful
Published: November 2020

Science learning requires an active role from students, but in general students are taught about the concept of science learning with the teacher as the center (teacher center). The impact is the lack of the role of students in understanding science which should emphasize the active participation of these students. The student should have the observation skills to learn science by maximizing the five senses. Observation skills if they are already proficient, then the initial efforts of students to have Science Process Skills have been fulfilled. This study aims to determine the effect of implementing the guided inquiry model with a problem solving approach on students' observation skills on additive and addictive substances in class VIII SMPN 1 Sambit Ponorogo in the 2019/2020 academic year.
COMPARATIVE SKILLS TO COMMUNICATE SCIENCE STUDENTS USING GROUP INVESTIGATION LEARNING MODEL GENUINE OBJECT AND NON GENUINE OBJECTS IN SCIENCE SUBJECT
Authors: Sari Alvy Nur Latifah , Tumennasan Munkhmaral
Published: November 2020

Along with the times, humans are required to master the skills of communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity. Communication skills become one of the important skills that must be mastered by someone. In this case the world of education plays a role in being able to train students to have communication skills. One of them is by applying the Group Investigation learning model assisted by Genuine Object, because with direct learning supported by real object media, students will easily make observations, and communicate everything they get. The objectives of this study are: 1) Knowing the difference in students' science communication skills with the Genuine Object and Non-Genuine Group Investigation learning models The sample used was one of class in Ponorogo District. Data used collecteddescriptive analysis were analyzed through descriptively quantitative and inferential statistics. The results showed that students 'science communication skills using Genuine Object Assisted Group Investigation learning models had an average value of 65.7 while students' communication communication skills using Group Investigation Non Genuine Objects had average values an average of 41.6. Communication skills of students using the Group Investigation learning model assisted by Genuine Object are better than Non Genuine Object. Based on the one tailed t test, the value obtained is - 3,27748. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the learning model of Group Investigation assisted by Genuine Object can improve students' science communication skills.
A Phonological Analysis of English Loanwords in Spanish Language using Distinctive Features
Authors: Puspitasari Ana , Subiyanto Agus
Published: November 2020

Loanwords occur as the result of language contacts within the community. In Spanish language, there are borrowing words existing as the effect of the contact with English language. This research aimed at finding out the phonological process in Spanish vocabulary which were absorbed or borrowed from English language. Distinctive features were used as the approach. The research conducted was qualitative descriptive. It used 30 Spanish vocabulary borrowed from English language as the object. At the end of this research, it was found out that the phonological process which happened, involved substitution processes; not only in the consonant phonemes but also in vowel phonemes.
2020; 2(1): 8-16PublishedOnline:01/10/2020 (https://journals.unza.zm/index.php?journal=medicine) DOI: 10.21617/jprm2020.213ISSN: 2415-038X (Print)Received: 14August2020Accepted: 16August 2020Published: 1October2020RESEARCH ARTICLEOpen AccessComparison of Serologic Diagnosis of Taeniosis and Cysticercosis in Field Samples from Eastern Zambia
Authors:   Department of Clinical Studies, School Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Sashi Dominic , Phiri Isaac K ,   Department of Clinical Studies, School Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Chembensofu Mwelwa ,   Department of Paraclinical Studies, School Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Sikasunge Chummy S ,   Department of Paraclinical Studies, School Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Dorny Pierre ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium., Noh John ,   Centres for Diseases Control, Atlanta, United States of America., Gabriël Sarah ,   Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Mwape Kabemba E ,   Department of Clinical Studies, School Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Published: November 2020

Background:Neurocysticercosis is a leading cause of epilepsy in Taenia soliumendemic regions of the world accounting for about 30% of all epileptic cases. The main aim of this study was to do aComparison of Serologic Diagnosis of Taeniosis and Cysticercosis in Field Samples from Eastern Zambia.Methods: Retrospectively collectedSamples through community-based cross sectional and longitudinal studies which looked at the prevalence and incidence of human T. solium infections, respectively, and described in earlier reports were selected for this laboratory based study. Samples, with coproantigen ELISA and serum antigen ELISA which the results were known were randomly selected for this study.Results: A total of 886 serum samples were analyzed. The rT24 /rES33 EITB detected a taeniosis and cysticercosis prevalence of 5.9% and 9.5%, respectively. On performance the Kappa statistics revealed a fair agreement of rT4/rES33 EITB (Kappa value of 0.2781-0.2117) compared to coproantigen ELISA and serum antigen ELISA. Although there is not a good agreement between the antibody and antigen test.Conclusion: This study found that the performance of rT4/rES33 EITB compared to copro antigen ELISA and serum antigen ELISA were fair and because the agreement was not good between the antibody and antigen test the, selection of a test must be carefully made, with consideration of what is needed. Keywords:Taenia solium diagnosis; coproantigen ELISA; immunodiagnosis; Ag-ELISA; recombinant T24/ES33 EITB
Spinocerebellar Ataxia 17: A clinical Rubik’s cube
Authors: Jain Dr. Rahul , Rathi Dr. Pankaj , Singh Ishar Dr. Hashash , Telang Dr. Kapil , Chouksey Dr. Dinesh , Sodani Dr. Ajoy
Published: November 2020

Spinocerebellar ataxia 17 (SCA 17) has been recognized as one of the most heterogeneous forms of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA), with a wide clinical spectrum at presentation. SCA17 presenting as Huntington disease like-4 (HDL-4) phenotype has been observed only sporadically or in solitary individuals within a family. We report the case of a young Indian male who presented with juvenile Parkinsonism (HDL like phenotype) features without family history subsequently diagnosed as SCA17.
Hemşirelerde Algılanan Stres ve Stres Semptomlarının İşten Ayrılma Eğilimi Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: Çetin Aydın Gülşen , Aytaç Serpil , Şanlı Yasemin
Published: November 2020

Sağlık hizmetlerinin kalitesi kullanılan ekipman ve teçhizatın yanı sıra mutlu sağlık çalışanları ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Ancak stres, çalışma yaşamında personelin verimliliğini, mutluluğunu, iş tatminini ve buna bağlı olarak da özel yaşamını olumsuz etkileyen ve işten ayrılma eğilimini arttıran önemli bir faktördür. Sağlık sektöründe hizmet veren meslek gruplarından en yoğun çalışma temposuna sahip olan hemşirelik, stresten en çok etkilenen meslektir. Bunun temel sebebi olarak uzun ve yorucu çalışma saatlerini, zamana karşı yarış halinde olmalarını, fiziksel çalışma koşullarını, nöbet sistemiyle çalışmalarını, iş yükü vb. olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bu sebeplerden kaynaklı olarak yaşadıkları uykusuzluk, yetersiz ve kötü beslenme, çalışma arkadaşları arasındaki çatışma, rol belirsizliği gibi baskı ve zorlama yaratan durumlar, stres düzeylerinin artmasına sebep olmaktadır. Kalp-damar sistemi hastalıkları, dolaşım sistemi bozuklukları, üreme sistemi hastalıkları, deri hastalıkları, baş ağrısı ve migren vb. rahatsızlıklar, yaşanan stresin fizyolojik etkilerini ortaya koymaktadır. Diğer taraftan depresyon, kaygı vb. psikolojik olarak da sorunlara yol açmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma, bir devlet hastanesinde görev yapan hemşirelerin çalışma yaşamında algıladıkları stres ve ortaya çıkan stres semptomlarının işten ayrılma eğilimi üzerindeki etkisini ölçmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İşten ayrılma eğiliminin stres semptomlarıyla tutarlı korelasyonlar sergileyeceği ve bu semptomların işten ayrılma eğilimini etkileyeceği beklentisi, araştırmanın temel hedefini oluşturmuştur. 263 kişilik bir hemşire örnekleminden elde edilen bulgulara göre, iş stresindeki artışın, işten ayrılma eğilimini arttırdığı(r=0,34, p>0,001), anksiyete, depresyon, olumsuz benlik, somatizasyon ve hostilite adını taşıyan beş ana stres semptom grubuna ilişkin verilerin işten ayrılma eğilimiyle olan ilişkide korelasyonlar olumsuz benlik alt semptomu hariç diğerleriyle pozitif yönde ve istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olmakla birlikte, en yüksek korelasyonun hostilite semptom grubuyla elde edildiği (r= 0.21, p > 0.001); bireylerin hostilite düzeyleri arttıkça, işten ayrılma eğilimlerinin arttığı anlaşılmıştır.
Derived verbs with suffix -ang in Balinese: syntactic and semantic analysis
Authors: Sujaya Nyoman , Sukiani Ni Ketut
Published: November 2020

This paper accounts for the suffix -ang in Balinese and it focuses on its syntactic and semantic representation. Using I Madé’s Sugianto’s Ki Bari Gajah, a one hundred fifty-page Balinese novel and informants as the data, and applying the RRG theory by Van Valin and Randy (1999) other thoughts of the experts of Balinese, it was found out that -ang functioning as a transitivizing suffix can attach to noun, adjective, adverbs and verbs and imply various syntactic structures and semantic representations. Suffix -ang attached to the base in imperative sentences express no meaning. In this case, it is just used to imply that the sentence is in the form of imperative. Like other languages, English for example, one derived verb with -ang may be used transitively or intransitively.
Heart Transplantation Self-Management Support mHealth Application (iHeart App) in Taiwan: Mix Method Approaches (Preprint)
Authors: Hou I-Ching , Chung Ting-Yi
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Heart transplant patients (HTx) are expected to perform self- management behaviors to maximize transplant-related health outcomes. Using mobile health(m-Health) care applications could support disease self-management. Prior studies showed that mHealth information needs for HTx self-management were identified through: medical care related reminders, laboratory querying, experience sharing, diet and nutrition, and expert counseling.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study were to develop the mobile application for HTx (iHeart App) in Taiwan and to evaluate the usability through mixed method approaches: Technology Acceptance Model of Mobile Services (TAMM), positive and negative feedback, and using record analysis.

METHODS

The prospective study with two cross-sectional surveys (base line, first month after iHeart App use) was conducted from April to July, 2019. Post HTx patients were enrolled from the HTx specific clinic area in one regional hospital in northern Taiwan. The TAMM with six perceived factors (values, ease of use, adoption, trust, intention to use, taking into use), pros and cons questionnaires were used to collect the subjective data toward iHeart App. After one year, then using records from administering medication, blood pressure, and symptoms the data was retrieved from the log database of iHeart App. Correlation, regression and content analysis were used for statistics.

RESULTS

A total of 53 eligible patients participated, with a mean age of 48.9 years (SD=11.67); the average transplant time was 9.2 years (SD=6.93); mostly male (n=46, 86.8%); and with a high school degree (n=19, 35.8%). The mean difference between the baseline and first month were less than 0.6 (p≦ .001) in six perceived factors of TAMM. The number of positive feedback was more than the negative feedback (85 vs. 57) and mostly on perceived ease of use (42). The average records per month on administering medication, blood pressure, and symptoms were 513, 185, and 3, respectively after using iHeart App for one year. Higher numbers of self-recording during the first month, higher total after one year of administering medication, (r=.83, p<.00) and blood pressure (r=.48, p<.00). During the first three months using records could predict the one-year usage of iHeart App with administering medication (R2=.85, F=93.9, p=.00), blood pressure (R2=.96, F=388.8, p=.00), and symptoms recording (R2=.97, F=625.8, p=.00).

CONCLUSIONS

The study showed that patients with HTx accepted iHeart App as the supportive technology to facilitate their self-management. The negative feedback provided useful information to optimize the App on the communication with the health care professional team. Further studies on the long-term HTx related survival outcomes were recommended.
Characterizing the COVID-19 Infodemic on Chinese Social Media: Exploratory Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Pian Wenjing , Ma Feicheng , Ni Zhenni , Liu Yunmei
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 infodemic has been disseminating rapidly on social media and posing a significant threat to people’s health and governance systems.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate and analyze posts related to COVID-19 misinformation on major Chinese social media platforms in order to characterize the COVID-19 infodemic.

METHODS

We collected posts related to COVID-19 misinformation published on major Chinese social media platforms from January 20 to May 28, 2020, by using PythonToolkit. We used content analysis to identify the quantity and source of prevalent posts and topic modeling to cluster themes related to the COVID-19 infodemic. Furthermore, we explored the quantity, sources, and theme characteristics of the COVID-19 infodemic over time.

RESULTS

The daily number of social media posts related to the COVID-19 infodemic was positively correlated with the daily number of newly confirmed (r=0.672, P<.01) and newly suspected (r=0.497, P<.01) COVID-19 cases. The COVID-19 infodemic showed a characteristic of gradual progress, which can be divided into 5 stages: incubation, outbreak, stalemate, control, and recovery. The sources of the COVID-19 infodemic can be divided into 5 types: chat platforms (1100/2745, 40.07%), video-sharing platforms (642/2745, 23.39%), news-sharing platforms (607/2745, 22.11%), health care platforms (239/2745, 8.71%), and Q&A platforms (157/2745, 5.72%), which slightly differed at each stage. The themes related to the COVID-19 infodemic were clustered into 8 categories: “conspiracy theories” (648/2745, 23.61%), “government response” (544/2745, 19.82%), “prevention action” (411/2745, 14.97%), “new cases” (365/2745, 13.30%), “transmission routes” (244/2745, 8.89%), “origin and nomenclature” (228/2745, 8.30%), “vaccines and medicines” (154/2745, 5.61%), and “symptoms and detection” (151/2745, 5.50%), which were prominently diverse at different stages. Additionally, the COVID-19 infodemic showed the characteristic of repeated fluctuations.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study found that the COVID-19 infodemic on Chinese social media was characterized by gradual progress, videoization, and repeated fluctuations. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the COVID-19 infodemic is paralleled to the propagation of the COVID-19 epidemic. We have tracked the COVID-19 infodemic across Chinese social media, providing critical new insights into the characteristics of the infodemic and pointing out opportunities for preventing and controlling the COVID-19 infodemic.
Integrity…Courage…Honour: A Comparative Study of Law Enforcement Agencies
Authors: Storm Ansia
Published: November 2020

Purpose—The purpose of this paper was to compare three first-world countries’ law enforcement agencies to those of South Africa. The aim was to identify areas where South Africa’s agencies can improve to take the fighting of corruption to a higher level, and in doing so, improve their ranking on Transparency International’s scale, and their Corruption Perception Index.Design/methodology/approach—The author compared South Africa’s law enforcement agencies to those of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia to identify possible areas where South Africa’s agencies can improve.Findings—The results indicate preliminary support for areas in South Africa’s law enforcement agencies that need restructuring and improvement.Practical implications—Improved law enforcement agencies will assist in the fight against corruption, improving South Africa’s corruption perception index (among others), which might encourage foreign investment.Originality/value—The results of this study point to opportunities to strengthen law enforcement agencies in South Africa, which will result in improved crime-fighting abilities, higher prosecution rates, and improved crime statistics.Research limitations—Law enforcement agencies (which deals with corruption in general) from the USA, the U.K., and Australia will be explored and compared with those of South Africa.
Quand suspecter une maladie auto-inflammatoire chez l’adulte?
Authors: Ducharme-Bénard Stéphanie , Grateau Gilles , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie
Published: November 2020

RésuméLe domaine des maladies auto-inflammatoires (MAI) est en plein essor, avec la découverte de nouvelles maladies à chaque année. À ce jour, plus d’une trentaine de MAI sont recensées. Plusieurs d’entre elles débutent ou sont diagnostiquées à l’âge adulte. Il est important de les reconnaître pour mieux les traiter et ainsi prévenir les conséquences, parfois graves, reliées à l’inflammation chronique ou récidivante qu’elles génèrent.
ABSTRACTThe field of auto-inflammatory diseases (AIDs) is booming, with new diseases being discovered every year. To date, more than 30 AIDs have been identified. Many of them begin or are diagnosed in adulthood. It is important to recognize them in order to better treat them and thus prevent the sometimes serious consequences related to the chronic or recurrent inflammation they generate.
Sudden Cardiac Death in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Cytomegalovirus Myocarditis
Authors: Chow Justin , Iftikhar Umair , Weaver Victoria , Mponponsuo Kwadwo , Bromley Amy
Published: November 2020

BackgroundMyocarditis is generally a self-limited illness with a benign course. Certain pathogens—such as cytomegalovirus (CMV)—can cause severe/fulminant forms of myocarditis leading to congestive heart failure or sudden cardiac death (SCD).
Case PresentationA 54-year-old female was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in hospital and received inpatient immunosuppression due to significant multi-organ involvement. After a prolonged admission, she later died of an in-hospital cardiac arrest. Autopsy revealed CMV myocarditis involving the anterior wall of the left ventricle and cardiac conduction system. We postulated that both CMV and complications of SLE caused the patient’s SCD.
DiscussionMyocarditis can vary in its presentation, severity, and diagnostic workup. Immunocompromised hosts are at risk of opportunistic infections such as CMV and are therefore prone to developing more severe forms of myocarditis. When caring for this patient population, it becomes necessary for clinicians to consider atypical manifestations of opportunistic pathogens in their diagnostic approach.
RESUME Contexte La myocardite est généralement une maladie autolimitée dont l’évolution est bénigne. Certains agents pathogènes, tels que le cytomégalovirus (CMV), peuvent provoquer des formes graves/ fulminantes de myocardite entraînant une insuffisance cardiaque congestive ou une mort cardiaque subite (MCS).
Présentation de casUne femme de 54 ans a reçu un diagnostic de lupus érythémateux disséminé (LED) à l’hôpital et a été hospitalisée pour une immunosuppression due à une importante atteinte de plusieurs organes. Après une longue hospitalisation, elle est décédée d’un arrêt cardiaque à l’hôpital. L’autopsie a révélé une myocardite à CMV impliquant la paroi antérieure du ventricule gauche et le système de conduction cardiaque. Nous avons émis l’hypothèse que le CMV et les complications du LED étaient tous deux à l’origine de l’arrêt cardiaque de la patiente.
DiscussionLa myocardite peut varier dans sa présentation, sa gravité et son diagnostic. Les hôtes immunodéprimés sont exposés au risque d’infections opportunistes telles que le CMV et sont donc susceptibles de développer des formes plus graves de myocardite. Lorsqu’ils s’occupent de cette population de patients, les cliniciens doivent tenir compte des manifestations atypiques des agents pathogènes opportunistes dans leur approche diagnostique.