bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOORDINASI DAN IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS KERJA PENGURUS LPM KELURAHAN PASIR IMPUN
Authors: Setiawan Iwan
Published: March 2022

Masalah pokok dalam penelitian ini adalah efeketivitas kerja yang kurang sesuai dengan harapan di Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LPM) Kelurahan Pasir Impun. Diduga hal ini disebabkan oleh faktor koordinasi dan implementasi kebijakan yang belum dilaksanakan secara optimal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriftip dan verifikatip  sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu koordinasi, implementasi kebijakan publik dan efektivitas kerja pegawai, yaitu dengan mendeskripsikan masing-masing variabel serta menguji ketiga variabel dengan pendekatan kuantitatif (statistik) yang selanjutnya dianalisis dan dibandingkan dengan teori serta masalah yang ada untuk diambil kesimpulannya. Secara simultan besaran pengaruh koordinasi dan implementasi kebijakan sebesar 52,8% sedangkan faktor lain yang tidak diteliti (epsilon) tetapi mempengaruhi terhadap efektivitas kerja sebesar 47,2%. Hasil penelitian yang didasarkan pada hipotesis secara parsial menyebutkan bahwa variabel koordinasi dan implementasi kebijakan dapat dideteksi dari besarnya pengaruh masing-masing faktor yang terdiri atas faktor koordinasi  (X1) sebesar 42,9%, faktor implementasi kebijakan (X2) sebesar 9,7%, terhadap efektivitas kerja pengurus Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LPM) Kelurahan Pasir Impun. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kordinasi berpengaruh dan  implementasi kebijakan terhadap efektivitas kerja, dan koordinasi pengaruhnya lebih dominan terhadap efektivitas kerja dibandingkan implementasi kebijakan.
The Correlation Between Adolescent Experiences of Violence and Parental Attachment With Adolescent Desire to Use Online Pornography
Authors: Timisela Nancy Rosita , Elia Heman , Mamahit Ferry Yefta
Published: March 2022

The increasing curiosity and various hormones (partic­u­lar­­ly sexual hormones) are problems for adolescents, which fre­quent­ly cause them to become unstable. Another factor that con­tri­butes to the complexity of adolescent problems is technological advances. Apart from being a useful means of information tech­nology that is generally beneficial to human life, the internet may also become a threat to adolescents by facilitating access to explicit sexual content, namely online pornography. Besides the above factors, this research exam­ined other factors associated with adoles­cents’ inclination to con­sume online porno­graphy. The purpose of this study is to discover whether there is a correlation between past experiences of vio­lence and parental attachment to the desire to use online por­no­gra­phy. The research method is quantitative and the research subjects were adolescents (N=167, male=70.1%, female=29.9%, M=15–19 years). The findings revealed two things: first, there was no correlation between the past experiences of violence and the desire to use online porno­graphy (r=0.102; p>0.05); and second, parental attachment had a negative cor­relation with the desire to use online pornography (r=–0.157; p<0.05). The contribution of this research is to reaffirm the significance of quality adolescent-parent attachment in fostering a whole­some emotional sense of security and developing a healthy sexu­al identity.
Comparative Study between Ewe and Goats Milk Fatty Acid Profile and Some Healthy Index in the First 30 Days of Lactation
Authors: AYSONDU Hanifi , ÖZYÜREK Selçuk , TÜRKYILMAZ Doğan
Published: March 2022

Fatty acid composition in milk has a vital importance in the early lactation period when lambs are milking. In this study, the change in milk fatty acid composition of Akkaraman ewe and Hair goats fed under the same conditions in the first 30 days of lactation was investigated. 10 Akkaraman ewe and 10 Hair goats were used in 2-5 parities. Ewe and goats were born in February. The animals were kept to the same feeding indoor, while experiment was going on. In addition to 1 kg of barley per animal, wheat straw was given ad libitum. Individual milk samples were taken from each animal on 0th, 1st, 3rd, 7th, 15th and 30th of lactation days. While C16:1, C18:3n3 were found more in goat milk (p
Determinants of Market Participation among Dairy Producers in Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Tarekegn Kassa , Shitaye Yishaki
Published: March 2022

Though Bench Sheko and Sheka zones have great potential for dairy production in Ethiopia, the majority of dairy producers could not benefit from the sector in a sustainable way due to the low market participation problem. Hence, this study was designed to analyze determinants of market participation by dairy producers in Southwestern Ethiopia. Data from 160 sampled dairy producers were employed and analyzed by using the probit model. The model result shows the ownership of crossbreeds, utilization of improved livestock feeds and size of dairy cows’ ownership affect market participation decisions significantly and positively. While the number of children below six years and distance from the market are the significant factors determining the likelihood of dairy market participation negatively in southwestern Ethiopia. Therefore, demonstrations of improved livestock breeds through supplying improved bulls and artificial insemination technologies, demonstration of improved livestock forages and concentrates through training, and organizing dairy marketing cooperatives and dairy products collection centers are suggested to improve market participation in the study area.
Potential of Red Betel Leaf Extract (Piper crocatum) and Siwak (Salvadora persica) Against Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria
Authors: Purba Member Reni , Steven Wijaya  , Ananda Kasuma
Published: March 2022

Background. One of the bacteria that cause oral cavity infection is Staphylococcus aureus.  This study aims to explore the antibacterial potential of red betel extract and siwak extract against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, in vitro.

Methods. This research is an in vitro experimental study to assess the diameter of the inhibition zone of red betel leaf extract and siwak against Staphylococcus aureus. The extract was made from red betel leaf simplicia and siwak wood with a dose of 50% each. The bacterial suspension was made by taking one pure colony from a test tube. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 software.

Results. Red betel leaf extract 50% showed the largest diameter of the inhibition zone, namely 9.1 ± 0.68 mm. Meanwhile, the siwak extract showed a smaller inhibition zone diameter of 7.9 ± 0.68 mm. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the diameters of the inhibition zones of each test group.

Conclusion. Red betel leaf extracts are 50% greater in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus than 50% siwak extract.
Upaya Pencegahan Resiko Tinggi Pada Kehamilan Di Desa Muntoi Kecamatan Passi Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Muzayyana Muzayyana
Published: March 2022

Berdasarkan data  yang diperoleh di Puskesmas Passi Barat di Desa Muntoi resiko tinggi pada kehamilan sering dialami dan menempati urutan pertama tanda dan gejala paling banyak dirasakan tahun 2019 . Masyarakat Desa Muntoi termasuk masyarakat Pedesaan yang masih kurang informasi tentang tanda gejala resiko tinggi pada kehamilan. Permasalahan di Desa Muntoi yakni Pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai resiko tinggi pada kehamilan serta bagaimana cara penaggulangan serta penatalaksanaannya masih kurang sehingga perlu diberikan penyuluhan tentang resiko tinggi pada kehamilan serta pencegahan dan penatalaksanaannya; Rendahnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang resiko tinggi pada kehamilan dan pencegahannya untuk mencegah terjadinya resiko tinggi pada ibu hamil, sehingga perlunya pemberian informasi cara pencegahan dan langkah yang diambil jika terjadi salah satu dari resiko tinggi pada kehamilan. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat khusunya ibu hamil di Desa Muntoi mengenai dampak resiko tinggi pada kehamilan serta bagaimana cara penaggulangan serta penatalaksanaannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah interaktif, tanya jawab, dan evaluasi. Hasil penyuluhan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenai resiko tinggi pada kehamilan, pencegahan dan penatalaksanaannya.

 Perlunya dilakukan penyuluhan dan sosialisasi terkait dampak dampak resiko tinggi pada kehamilan serta bagaimana cara penaggulangan serta penatalaksanaannya di masyarakat khususnya ibu hamil.

Keywords : Resiko Tinggi Pada Kehamilan, Pengetahuan, Pencegahan Resiko Tinggi Pada Kehamilan.
Pelatihan Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Masalah
Authors: Hamdunah Hamdunah , Jufri Lucky Heriyanti , Handayani Siskha
Published: March 2022

Guru profesional dituntut dengan sejumlah persyaratan, seperti memiliki kualifikasi pendidikan profesi yang memadai, memiliki kompetensi keilmuan sesuai dengan bidang yang ditekuninya, memiliki kemampuan berkomunikasi yang baik dengan anak didiknya, mempunyai jiwa kreatif dan produktif. Salah satu kemampuan yang dituntut dalam kompetensi profesional seorang guru adalah kemampuan dalam menguasai materi ajar serta mengembangkannya. Pengembangan bahan ajar penting agar pembelajaran lebih efektif, efesien, dan tidak melenceng dari kompetensi yang ingin dicapai. Guru umumnya menyediakan bahan ajar yang monoton, yang sudah tersedia dan tinggal pakai. Guru kurang mengembangkan kreativitas untuk merencanakan, menyiapkan dan membuat bahan ajar secara matang yang kaya inovasi sehingga menarik bagi siswa. Agar bahan ajar lebih bermakna, inovatif, variatif, dan dapat membimbing siswa dalam memahami materi, maka bahan ajar dapat memuat suatu basis, yaitu  pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Pembelajaran ini menekankan kepada proses penyelesaian masalah yang dihadapi secara ilmiah. Siswa tidak hanya sekedar mencatat dan menghapal materi, namun mahasiswa aktif berpikir dalam menyelesaian masalah yang dihadapi secara ilmiah dan akhirnya dapat membuat kesimpulan. Oleh karena itu, akan diadakan pelatihan pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis masalah bagi guru Matematika MTsN 1 Kota Padang. Hasil pelatihan  ini, guru lebih termotivasi dalam pengembangan bahan ajar yang kreatif dan inovatif sehingga siswa lebih tertarik dan paham terhadap materi pembelajaran serta dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah siswa.

Keywords: Guru, bahan ajar, berbasis masalah, berpikir kritis, pemecahan masalah
Effect of Gingival Biotype on the Progression of Periodontal Disease
Authors: Mranali K Shetty  , Neetha J Shetty
Published: March 2022

Background: The causes that interfere with the outcome of dental treatment is gingival biotypeScalloped –thin and flat-thick are the types of gingival biotypes. Periodontal diseases progress differentlyin response to plaque associated inflammation. While periodontal pocket may be the result in flat thickgingival biotype , gingival recession may be the result of scalloped and thin gingival biotype. With thisbackground this study aimed at evaluating the relation between gingival biotype and the progression ofperiodontal diseases .Materials and Methods: Sixty systemically healthy subjects between 30-50years of age, diagnosedwith chronic periodontitis who visited outpatient department of Manipal college of dental sciences,Mangalore, India, took part in the study. The subjects were explained about the study, and writtenconsent was obtained. A thorough dental examination with a comprehensive survey of maxillary centralincisors and lateral incisors was performed to assess the following clinical parameters: Bleeding onprobing, probing pocket depth, loss of attachment, gingival thickness and gingival recession . Thecollected data was subjected to statistical analysis.Results: The mean Gingival thickness for the central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine were 1.11 mm,1.01 mm, and 0.82 mm, respectively. ANOVA test was done to compare the gingival thicknessbetween the incisors which was statistically significant with a value < 0.001. The PosthocTukey tests comparing gingival recession showed a mean difference of 1.324* and wasstatistically significant with a p value of < 0.001. Comparison of probing pocket depth showeda mean difference of 0.882* which again was statistically significant with a p value of < 0.001.
Pengaruh Cara Aplikasi dan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Kubis Singgalang (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)
Authors: Suwirmen Suwirmen , Noli Zozy Aneloi , Putri Fira Julia
Published: March 2022

Biostimulan alami adalah salah satu teknologi paling menjanjikan yang baru-baru ini diterapkan dalam sistem pertanian modern yang bertujuan menuju keberlanjutan. Biostimulan didefinisikan sebagai setiap produk yang merangsang efisiensi nutrisi tanaman secara independen dari kandungan nutrisinya dengan tujuan tunggal untuk meningkatkan satu atau lebih karakteristik tanaman atau rizosfer berikut, efisiensi penggunaan nutrisi, toleransi cekaman abiotik, atribut kualitas dan ketersediaan nutrisi. Moringa oleifera mengandung unsur makro dan mikro, zat pengatur tumbuh seperti sitokinin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak kelor dan cara aplikasi ekstrak serta interaksi antara konsentrasi dan cara aplikasi ekstrak yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan umur panen kubis Singgalang. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor A merupakan taraf konsentrasi (kontrol, 1:64 (v/v), 1:32 (v/v) dan 1:16 (v/v)) dan faktor B merupakan cara aplikasi (daun, tanah dan gabungan daun dan tanah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kelor dengan  konsentrasi 1:32 (v/v) mampu meningkatkan jumlah daun dan panjang akar kubis Singgalang. Cara aplikasi ekstrak tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata serta tidak terjadi interaksi antara konsentrasi dan cara aplikasi ekstrak terhadap pertumbuhan dan umur panen kubis Singgalang.
Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair dari Hasil Pengolahan Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga dengan Bantuan Larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF)
Authors: Sari Deffi Ayu Puspito , Taniwiryono Darmono , Andreina Richa , Nursetyowati Prismita , Irawan Diki Surya
Published: March 2022

Saat ini pengolahan sampah organik dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, salah satunya dengan bantuan lalat tentara hitam (larva black soldier fly-BSF). BSF merupakan jenis serangga yang sangat tepat untuk melakukan penguraian sampah organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengolah sampah organik rumah tangga dengan bantuan BSF yang dapat menghasilkan produk samping berupa pupuk organik cair yang berasal dari leachate yang dihasilkan selama pengolahan. Dalam penelitian ini, sampel dibagi kedalam 10 variasi sampel uji dan dibandingkan dengan Keputusan Menteri Pertanian Republik Indonesia No. 261 Tahun 2019 tentang Pupuk Organik, Pupuk Hayati dan Pembenahan Tanah. Hasil uji laboratorium pupuk organik cair, didapatkan bahwa hanya parameter logam berat, pH, dan Salmonella sp. yang telah memenuhi baku mutu. Perlakuan aerasi mengurangi kandungan E.coli dan Salmonella Sp. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan pengomposan dan pemanenan sampel leachate pada sampel pupuk cair yang lebih lama agar hasil yang didapatkan dapat memenuhi baku mutu yang digunakan.
Identifikasi Sebaran Tanaman Kemiri Berbasis Pola Agroforestri di Kabupaten Maros, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia
Authors: A.Samsu Andi Khairil , Mukhlisa Andi Nurul , Nurnawati Andi Ayu
Published: March 2022

Kombinasi komponen kehutanan dan komponen pertanian pada suatu pengelolaan secara intensif dikenal dengan istilah agroforestri yang dapat bermanfaat bagi kelestarian lingkungan dan meningkatkan produktivitas dengan hasil panen beragam. Kemiri merupakan tanaman agroforestri rempah yang bermanfaat. Kabupaten Maros merupakan daerah penghasil kemiri di Sulawesi Selatan sejak tahun 1960-an. Tanaman kemiri di Kabupaten Maros tersebar di beberapa kecamatan. Kurangnya informasi terkait luasan dan sebaran tanaman kemiri di Kabupaten Maros mengindikasikan banyak perbedaan data terkait produksi tanaman kemiri sehingga diperlukan informasi yang dapat menunjang sebaran dan luasan dari tanaman kemiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan interpretasi citra dengan metode delineasi visual secara manual pada citra sentinel-2A dengan melakukan pengamatan terhadap kenampakan serupa yang kemudian dipadukan dengan metode ground check point untuk mendapatkan ketelitian informasi dalam interpretasi citra  terhadap tanaman kemiri serta metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif untuk menggambarkan informasi komponen agroforestri dengan cara pengamatan langsung terhadap objek tanaman kemiri di lapangan. Hasil interpretasi citra Sentinel-2a dan pengamatan langsung di tiga kecamatan yaitu Cenrana, Camba dan Mallawa menunjukkan bahwa Kecamatan Mallawa memiliki luas lahan kemiri yang lebih besar yaitu 507,08 ha, dengan persentase pola agroforestri sebesar  18,10% dan  monokultur sebesar 43,16% dari luasan kemiri di 3 kecamatan, kemudian luas lahan kemiri Kecamatan Camba sebesar 238, 04 ha, dengan persentase pola agroforestri 7,61% dan monokultur 21,15% dari luasan kemiri di 3 kecamatan, selanjutnya luas lahan kemiri di Kecamatan Cenrana yaitu 82,60 ha dengan pola agroforestri sebesar 5,79% dan monokultur sebesar 4,19% dari luasan kemiri di 3 kecamatan.
BASIC EXTINGUISHING METHODS FOR PEATLAND FIRES
Authors: Пацук Сергей Владимирович , Клавдиев Александр Александрович , Куренной Антон Николаевич
Published: March 2022

В статье рассмотрены основные способы предупреждения, обнаружения, обследования и тушения пожаров торфа. Описаны тактические приемы тушения таких пожаров, а также использование пожарной и муниципальной техники, применение различных смачивающих химикатов. Проанализированы ошибки, приводящие к возобновлению тления торфа.

The article discusses the main methods for preventing, detecting, inspecting, and extinguishing peatland fires. There are described the tactics for extinguishing such fires, as well as the use of fire and municipal equipment, and application of various wetting chemicals. There are analyzed the mistakes leading to resumption of peat smoldering.
EXPLORING RADICAL FEMINISM THROUGH CHITRA BANERJEE DIVAKARUNI’S ONE AMAZING THING (2010)
Authors: Trivedi Chetan , Gauswami Pareshgiri Dhanarajgiri
Published: March 2022

Feminism is a series of collective efforts, progressive movements, and philosophies aiming at defining and building gender representation in politics, economics, family, and society. Within the corporate world, Feminism reflects the position that companies give priority to male viewpoint(s) and that in these cultures, women are unfairly punished. This paper probes Radical Feminism as reflected in the major female characters of One Amazing Thing (2010) by Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni. The novel deals not only with the theme of women’s voice, but also with social conflicts. Radical feminism is a perspective within feminism that calls for a radical reorganization of society in which male authority is abolished in all social and economic contexts. Radical feminists view society as fundamentally patriarchal in which men govern and dominate women. Radical feminists seek to abolish patriarchy in order to release everyone from an unfair society by challenging existing social standards and institutions. This includes opposing the sexual objectification of women, spreading awareness about women’s rights among society and also about such issues as rape, harassment, extortion and violence against women, and challenging the concept of gender roles. One Amazing Thing by Divakaruni explores many perspectives around this Theory of Literature. The work of fiction narrates the story of nine different characters and among them five are female. All the female characters possess an important role in this novel which shows the importance of women’s voice. The novel depicts the pains and problems faced by the women of Indian and American-Indian society and the way it (can) lead(s) to Radical Feminism.
THREE DECADES OF STALEMATE: WOMEN IN MARITIME
Authors: Mishra Major Ashish , Trivedi Jigna
Published: March 2022

The article examines the intervention of World Maritime Bodies like United Nation (UN), International Maritime Organization (IMO), International Labor Organization (ILO) and its various associated NGOs/Independent organizations in increasing the participation of women in maritime sector. The maritime sector is amongst the age old sector that always has been male dominated with the participation of woman is as low as less than one percent. The percentage is alarmingly low and in order to increase the participation the World Maritime bodies took various steps through various interventions and regulations. Although, the first globally recognized initiative taken by International Maritime Organization (IMO) only in year 1988 known as “Integration of Women in the Maritime Sector”. Since then IMO, International Labor Organization (ILO), World Maritime University (WMU), various NGO’s and private sectors have been consistently working towards the mission. Various programs, conferences, guidelines and women associations in maritime launched across the world but even after 33 years of International Organization’s intervention the percentage of women in Maritime sector is below Two percent only. The paper highlights and examines the various initiatives taken in last 33 years by world maritime bodies in a chronological order highlighting the effectiveness and limitations leading to a situation of stalemate in the working women population in maritime sector.
M.K. GANDHI’S CRITIQUE OF MODERNITY:
HIS RELEVANCE DURING THE CRISIS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: B. Jagannatham . , Mishra Vijay Kumar
Published: March 2022

The paper is an attempt to understand M.K. Gandhi and his philosophy, particularly his critique of modernity, western civilisation. It is further comprehends the spread of COVID pandemic and examine the indigenous and traditional medicines to cure the COVID patients. In addition, the paper is an attempt to focus on the village swaraj, decentralization Naturopathy and Human Psychology advocated by Gandhi. It touches upon the preventive measure of the governments both Union and states. lastly, the paper comes up with concluding remarks
Simultaneous Detection of Optical Flares of the Magnetically Active M-dwarf Wolf359
Authors: Lin Han-Tang , Chen Wen-Ping , Liu Jinzhong , Zhang Xuan , Zhang Yu , Wang Andrew , Wang Shiang-Yu , Lehner Matthew J. , Wen C. Y. , Guo J. K. , Chang Y. H. , Chang M. H. , Tsai Anli , Lin Chia-Lung , Hsu C. Y. , Ip Wing
Published: March 2022

We present detections of stellar flares of Wolf 359, an M6.5 dwarf in the solar neighborhood (2.41 pc) known to be prone to flares due to surface magnetic activity. The observations were carried out from 2020 April 23 to 29 with a 1 m and a 0.5 m telescope separated by nearly 300 km in Xinjiang, China. In 27 hr of photometric monitoring, a total of 13 optical flares were detected, each with a total energy of ≳ 5 × 1029 erg. The measured event rate of about once every two hours is consistent with those reported previously in radio, X-ray, and optical wavelengths for this star. One such flare, detected by both telescopes on April 26, was an energetic event with a released energy of nearly 1033 erg. The two-telescope light curves of this major event sampled at different cadences and exposure timings enabled us to better estimate the intrinsic flare profile, which reached a peak of up to 1.6 times the stellar quiescent brightness, that otherwise would have been underestimated in the observed flare amplitudes of about 0.4 and 0.8, respectively, with single telescopes alone. The compromise between fast sampling so as to resolve a flare profile versus a longer integration time for a higher photometric signal-to-noise ratio provides a useful guidance in the experimental design of future flare observations.
Scheduling Direct Imaging Observations Based on Radial Velocity Orbital Fits: Best Practices for Translating Orbits and Failure Modes
Authors: Spohn Corey , Savransky Dmitry , Morgan Rhonda
Published: March 2022

Future direct imaging mission concepts are planning to observe planets discovered via Doppler spectroscopy, with observation scheduling decisions based on radial velocity (RV) fit orbits to increase the mission’s odds of making a detection. However, some orbital parameters, such as inclination and planet radius, that are necessary to determine when a planet is detectable via imaging cannot be resolved with only RV data. This work studies how to best use a RV fit to determine when a planet will be detectable with direct imaging and quantify the impacts of RV-measurement precision on direct imaging observations. Beginning by defining a “true” planet, we simulate RV observations, fit the RV observations via Bayesian orbit fitting, construct many Keplerian orbits based on the RV fit and priors on the unknown orbital parameters, and propagate the constructed orbits and the true orbit for 20 yr to determine when the constructed orbits deviate significantly. We identify four methods of constructing orbits, ultimately finding that creating and sampling high-likelihood orbital parameters from a multivariate Gaussian produces the best results for high RV error and that creating and sampling from a simple normal distribution for each orbital parameter independently performs the best for low RV error. Further, we establish two modes of failure: intermittent failure, which captures when the constructed orbits incorrectly indicate that a planet is detectable; and dispersion failure, when the constructed orbits have dispersed so much that they no longer provide useful information.
Stellar Companions to TESS Objects of Interest: A Test of Planet–Companion Alignment
Authors: Behmard Aida , Dai Fei , Howard Andrew W.
Published: March 2022

We present a catalog of stellar companions to host stars of Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite Objects of Interest (TOIs) identified from a marginalized likelihood ratio test that incorporates astrometric data from the Gaia Early Data Release 3 catalog (EDR3). The likelihood ratio is computed using a probabilistic model that incorporates parallax and proper-motion covariances and marginalizes the distances and 3D velocities of stars in order to identify comoving stellar pairs. We find 172 comoving companions to 170 non-false-positive TOI hosts, consisting of 168 systems with two stars and 2 systems with three stars. Among the 170 TOI hosts, 54 harbor confirmed planets that span a wide range of system architectures. We conduct an investigation of the mutual inclinations between the stellar companion and planetary orbits using Gaia EDR3, which is possible because transiting exoplanets must orbit within the line of sight; thus, stellar companion kinematics can constrain mutual inclinations. While the statistical significance of the current sample is weak, we find that

73

−
20

+
14

%

of systems with Kepler-like architectures (R

P
≤ 4 R
⊕ and a < 1 au) appear to favor a nonisotropic orientation between the planetary and companion orbits with a typical mutual inclination α of 35° ± 24°. In contrast,

65

−
35

+
20

% of systems with close-in giants (P < 10 days and R

P
> 4 R
⊕) favor a perpendicular geometry (α = 89° ± 21°) between the planet and companion. Moreover, the close-in giants with large stellar obliquities (planet–host misalignment) are also those that favor significant planet–companion misalignment.
Toward a Better Understanding of Cosmic Chronometers: Stellar Population Properties of Passive Galaxies at Intermediate Redshift
Authors: Borghi Nicola , Moresco Michele , Cimatti Andrea , Huchet Alexandre , Quai Salvatore , Pozzetti Lucia
Published: March 2022

We take advantage of the publicly available LEGA-C spectroscopic survey to measure the stellar population properties of 140 individual massive and passive galaxies at z ∼ 0.7. We develop and publicly release PyLick, a flexible Python code to measure UV to near-IR spectral indices. With PyLick we study the H/K ratio as a new diagnostic based on the pseudo-Lick Ca ii H and K indices and find that a cut in H/K < 1.1 can be used jointly with other criteria to select (or verify the purity of) samples of passive galaxies. By combining photometric and spectroscopic criteria, we select a reliable sample of passively evolving galaxies. We constrain single-burst stellar ages, metallicities [Z/H], and [α/Fe] with an optimized set of Lick indices, exploring in detail the robustness of our measurement against different combinations. Even without imposing cosmological priors, the derived ages follow a clear trend compatible with the expected cosmological aging of the universe. We observe no significant redshift evolution for the metal abundance with respect to the values derived at z = 0, with median [Z/H] = 0.08 ± 0.18 and [α/Fe] = 0.13 ± 0.11. Finally, we analyze the relations between log age, [Z/H], [α/Fe], and the stellar velocity dispersion, finding slopes of (0.5 ± 0.1), (0.3 ± 0.2), and (0.2 ± 0.1), respectively; the small scatter of <0.2 dex points to rather homogeneous and short star formation histories. Overall, these results confirm and extend low-redshift findings of a mass-downsizing evolution. This work further strengthens the possibility of selecting pure samples of passive galaxies to be exploited reliably as cosmic chronometers to place independent cosmological constraints.
An Intensity Mapping Constraint on the CO-galaxy Cross-power Spectrum at Redshift ∼3
Authors: Keenan Ryan P. , Keating Garrett K. , Marrone Daniel P.
Published: March 2022

The abundance of cold molecular gas plays a crucial role in models of galaxy evolution. While deep spectroscopic surveys of CO emission lines have been a primary tool for measuring this abundance, the difficulty of these observations has motivated alternative approaches to studying molecular gas content. One technique, line intensity mapping, seeks to constrain the average molecular gas properties of large samples of individually undetectable galaxies through the CO brightness power spectrum. Here we present constraints on the cross-power spectrum between CO intensity maps and optical galaxy catalogs. This cross-measurement allows us to check for systematic problems in CO intensity mapping data, and validate the data analysis used for the auto-power spectrum measurement of the CO Power Spectrum Survey. We place a 2σ upper limit on the band-averaged CO-galaxy cross-power of P
× < 540 μK h−3 Mpc3. Our measurement favors a nonzero 〈T
CO〉 at around 90% confidence and gives an upper limit on the mean molecular gas density at z ∼ 2.6 of 7.7 × 108
M
⊙ Mpc−3. We forecast the expected cross-power spectrum by applying a number of literature prescriptions for the CO luminosity–halo mass relation to a suite of mock light cones. Under the most optimistic forecasts, the cross-spectrum could be detected with only moderate extensions of the data used here, while more conservative models could be detected with a factor of 10 increase in sensitivity. Ongoing CO intensity mapping experiments will target fields allowing for extensive cross-correlation analysis and should reach the sensitivity required to detect the cross-spectrum signal.
Toward a Realistic Evaluation of Transport Coefficients in Non-equilibrium Space Plasmas
Authors: Husidic Edin , Scherer Klaus , Lazar Marian , Fichtner Horst , Poedts Stefaan
Published: March 2022

Recent studies have outlined the interest for the evaluation of transport coefficients in space plasmas, where the observed velocity distributions of plasma particles are conditioned not only by the binary collisions, e.g., at low energies, but also by the energization of particles from their interaction with wave turbulence and fluctuations, generating the suprathermal kappa-distributed populations. This paper provides a first estimate of the main transport coefficients based on regularized kappa distributions, which, unlike standard kappa distributions (SKDs), enable macroscopic parameterization without mathematical divergences or physical inconsistencies. All transport coefficients derived here, i.e., the diffusion and mobility coefficients, electric conductivity, thermoelectric coefficient, and thermal conductivity, are finite and well defined for all values of κ > 0. Moreover, for low values of κ (i.e., below the SKD poles), the transport coefficients can be orders of magnitudes higher than the corresponding Maxwellian limits, meaning that significant underestimations can be made if suprathermal electrons are ignored.
Theory of Electron Injection at Oblique Shock of Finite Thickness
Authors: Amano Takanobu , Hoshino Masahiro
Published: March 2022

A theory of electron injection into diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) for the generation of cosmic-ray electrons at collisionless shocks is presented. We consider a recently proposed particle acceleration mechanism called stochastic shock drift acceleration (SSDA). We find that SSDA may be understood as a diffusive particle acceleration mechanism at an oblique shock of finite thickness. More specifically, it is described by a solution to the diffusion–convection equation for particles with the characteristic diffusion length comparable to the shock thickness. On the other hand, the same equation yields the standard DSA if the diffusion length is much longer than the thickness. Although SSDA predicts, in general, a spectral index steeper than DSA, it is much more efficient for low-energy electron acceleration and is favorable for injection. The injection threshold energy corresponds to the transition energy between the two different regimes. It is of the order of 0.1–1 MeV in typical interstellar and interplanetary conditions if the dissipation scale of turbulence around the shock is determined by the ion inertial length. The electron injection is more efficient at high

M

A

/

cos

θ

Bn

, where M
A and θ

Bn
are the Alfvén Mach number and the shock obliquity, respectively. The theory suggests that efficient acceleration of electrons to ultrarelativistic energies will be more easily realized at high Mach number, young supernova remnant shocks, but not at weak or moderate shocks in the heliosphere unless the upstream magnetic field is nearly perpendicular to the shock normal.
Microlensing Events in the Galactic Plane Using the Zwicky Transient Facility
Authors: Rodriguez Antonio C. , Mróz Przemek , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Andreoni Igor , Bellm Eric C. , Dekany Richard , Drake Andrew J. , Duev Dmitry A. , Graham Matthew J. , Masci Frank J. , Prince Thomas A. , Riddle Reed , Shupe David L.
Published: March 2022

Microlensing is a powerful technique to study the Galactic population of “dark” objects such as exoplanets both bound and unbound, brown dwarfs, low-luminosity stars, old white dwarfs, and neutron stars, and it is almost the only way to study isolated stellar-mass black holes. The majority of previous efforts to search for gravitational microlensing events have concentrated toward high-density fields such as the Galactic bulge. Microlensing events in the Galactic plane have the advantage of closer proximity and better constrained relative proper motions, leading to better constrained estimates of lens mass at the expense of a lower optical depth, than events toward the Galactic bulge. We use the Zwicky Transient Facility Data Release 5 compiled from 2018–2021 to survey the Galactic plane in the region of ∣b∣ < 20°. We find a total of 60 candidate microlensing events including three that show a strong microlensing parallax effect. The rate of events traces Galactic structure, decreasing exponentially as a function Galactic longitude with scale length ℓ
0 ∼ 37°. On average, we find Einstein timescales of our microlensing events to be about three times as long (∼60 days) as those toward the Galactic bulge (∼20 days). This pilot project demonstrates that microlensing toward the Galactic plane shows strong promise for characterization of dark objects within the Galactic disk.
Chairless Chairs for Orthopedic Surgery Purpose – A Literature Review
Authors: Santoso Gatot , Sugiharto S. , Mughni Abdul , Ammarullah Muhammad Imam , Bayuseno Athanasius P. , Jamari J.
Published: March 2022

Musculoskeletal disorders are often found in various types of work, including surgeons. Standing working position is immobile and rigid when performing surgical operations. The equipment used is less ergonomic which is the main parameter. The surgeon profession belongs to the category of the high-risk profession and has the potential to experience musculoskeletal disorders. Surgeons who suffer musculoskeletal disorders sense disease start from mild-to-severe due to the muscles receiving static loads frequently in the long-term. The emergence of musculoskeletal disorders can be caused by working environment conditions and standing position while working, causing injury to joints, vertebral discs, nerves, cartilage, tendons, and muscles. This paper describes in extensive the potential for reducing musculoskeletal problems with the use of a chairless chair for surgeons in carrying out operations. Musculoskeletal problems in surgery and the use of chairless chairs have been further explored to close the existing research gap.
Expression of Podoplanin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Sample of Egyptian Population – Immunohistopathological Study
Authors: Amer Samar , Nabil Menna , Negm Mohamed
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly incident malignancy with a dreadful prognosis. It evolves through a multistep process, with a contribution from different stromal cells like cancer associated fibroblasts. Podoplanin is a glycoprotein that influences epithelial mesenchymal interplay facilitating the tumor invasion.

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Podoplanin in HCC in cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and malignant hepatocytes as well as assessing the lymphovascular density, and correlating them with the clinicopathological parameters.

METHODS: Sixty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded HCC tissue blocks were retrieved from the pathology Department of the National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute and Kasr Al-aini Hospital during the period of January 2012 till December 2019. The specimens were obtained through partial or total hepatectomy inclusion criteria included HCC cases obtained through resection type biopsy and those having no history of pre-operative cancer therapy, while cases with insufficient data, core biopsy, and marked necrosis were excluded from the study. Tumor tissue blocks were immunostained for Podoplanin and its expression was interpreted in lymphatic vessels, CAFs, and malignant hepatocytes.

RESULTS: Podoplanin expression in CAFs and malignant hepatocytes was detected in the majority of HCC cases (81.7%) and (88.3%), respectively. The malignant hepatocytes showed increased expression of Grade 1 immunostaining (36.7%). High lymphovascular density was detected over the majority of the cases (73.3%). Podoplanin expression was significantly correlated with higher mean age, male gender, presence of viral infection, cirrhosis, and higher tumor grade. Unifocal tumor mass, tumor size <5 cm, and presence of invasion showed a significant correlation with Podoplanin in malignant hepatocytes and CAFs for the formers and the later, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Podoplanin is highly expressed in HCC, which could be used as a prognostic marker for lymphangiogenesis. Furthermore, within the malignant hepatocytes and CAFs suggesting a role in hepatocellular tumorigenesis. Podoplanin targeted therapy can be investigated to slow down the tumor progression and metastasis.
Relationship of Sleep Quality and Oxidative Stress Level in Smartphone Users; Study in Faculty of Medicine Student, Universitas Baiturrahmah
Authors: Malik Rifkind , Rafli Rhandyka , Salmi Salmi , Noer Yasinta Allisya
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Excessive smartphones can affect sleep quality, reducing sleep duration. This lack of sleep will impact various health and increase levels of free radicals in the body, affecting various cell functions.

AIM: The aim of the study was to measure the relationship between sleep quality due to smartphone use and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a quasi-experimental with pre- and post-test group study. Sleep quality was assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the smartphone addiction was assessed based on Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) score. The subjects were divided into four groups (n = 6) based on their PSQI and SAS score. The first group was the subjects with normal sleep and non-smartphone addict. The second group was the subjects with normal sleep but smartphone addict. The third group was the subjects with abnormal sleep and non-smartphone addict. Furthermore, fourth was the subjects with abnormal sleep and smartphone addiction. All the subjects were asked to sleep usually and used the smartphone as necessary a day before the study started. Blood plasma was collected from the subject before and after the study for MDA measurement. Plasma MDA was determined using the thiobarbituric acid test.

RESULTS: Smartphone use can reduce sleep quality and duration, resulting in sleep deprivation. There was no increase in MDA concentration (p > 0.05) in the ordinary and non-addictive or smartphone-addicted sleep group. Meanwhile, the group that stayed up late and was neither addictive nor addictive showed an increase in MDA levels and was statistically significant (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Adequate sleep can reduce blood serum MDA levels and smartphone use does not affect MDA levels.
Hematological Changes and Pregnancy Outcome in COVID-19 Pregnant Patients: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Thamer Enas , Al-Rawaf Sara
Published: March 2022

Background: Viral infections during pregnancy are associated with adverse maternal as well as fetal outcomes such as higher rates of miscarriage, perinatal mortality, restriction of fetal growth and preterm delivery. Aim of the study: to explore maternal outcomes and hematological alterations in a sample of Iraqi pregnant women. Patients and methods: The current cross sectional study was carried out in Obstetric department in Al Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq,  including a total of 55 full term pregnant women who were grouped into 25 women with SARS-Cov-2 and 30 control pregnant women, starting from January 2021 through December 2021. Results: Fever was the most common symptom, which was reported in 12 cases (48.0 %), and it was followed by cough that was seen in 9 cases (36.0 %). Gastrointestinal symptoms in the form of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea were seen in 2 cases (8.0 %). Leaking liquor was seen in a single case of COVID-19 women. Pregnancy induced hypertension, antepartum hemorrhage and diabetes mellitus were seen in 2 cases of COVID-19 women for each event; with no significant difference between groups. The rate of cesarean section was higher in COVID-19 group in comparison with control group, 19 (76.0 %) versus 13 (43.3 %), respectively and the difference was significant (p = 0.014). Conclusion: COVID-19 at time of pregnancy is accompanied by higher rate of cesarean section because of fetal distress with no significant increase in fetal or maternal mortality rates and the main hematological changes are leukopenia and lymphopenia.
The Effectiveness of Pamphlet toward Consumption Behavior Changing of Iodized Salt among Housewives: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Mamat Mamat , Dwikanthi Rahayu , Pertiwi Rahayu , Antini Ari , Mardianti Mardianti , Sansuwito Tukimin , Rai Ramesh Parasath
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Prenatal and postnatal growth is affected by iodized salt. Poor management of iodized salt when cooking food or vegetables can reduce iodine levels in salt.
AIM: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of pamphlets to increase behavior toward consumption of iodized salt among housewives.
METHODS: Study design quasi-experiment with the control group. The intervention group attached to media pamphlet on a kitchen wall or cooking area (The brochure contains how to process iodized salt properly), while the control group was given a leaflet (The leaflet contains how to manage iodized salt properly). The total number of samples was 76 (each group had 38 samples). Before implementing the attached pamphlet media in the kitchen wall, each group measured iodized salt management behavior (pre-test). After four months of intervention, the iodized salt management behavior was measured again. After collecting the data, it was analyzed using logistic regression.
RESULTS: The results of the study showed that there was a difference in the proportion in the group that intervened with pamphlets compared to leaflets in the management of iodized salt, it’s illustrated from the exponent value (β) or Odds Ratio (OR) 3.37 CI: (0.63-17.92) after being controlled by other variables.
CONCLUSION: The attached pamphlets in the kitchen area effectively increase consuming iodized salt among housewives, so the media should be placed where the behavior will appear to change the desired behavior.
Analysis of the Transcriptional Activity of Immune Response Genes in the Blood of Patients with Acute Urticaria
Authors: Petruk Alina , Kamyshna Iryna , Shkilna Mariia , Kamyshnyi Alexandr M.
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE: Alterations in the transcriptional activity of some immunoregulatory genes can play a key in the pathogenesis of acute urticarial (AU). Minimally-invasive markers of the transcriptional activity of immune response genes are essential not only for predicting the severity and activity of the disease but also as a potential target for therapy.

METHODS: In our research, we applied a pathway-specific polymerase chain reaction PCR array (Human Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses RT2 Profiler PCR Array, QIAGEN, Germany) to detect and verify innate and adaptive immune responses pathway-focused genes expression in patients suffering from AU and control group.

RESULTS: The AU development was accompanied by an increase in the transcriptional activity of genes for a number of costimulation molecules such as CD40, CD40LG, CD80 (B7-1), and C-reactive protein and myeloperoxidase genes either. Under AU conditions, transcriptional induction of genes of several cytokines was also observed: Interferon gamma, interleukin (IL4), IL5, IL17A, tumor necrosis factor, and also chemokine CXCL8. This process was also accompanied by an increase in the transcriptional activity of the RAR-related orphan receptor C Th17 differentiation regulator, the NLRP3 inflammasome genes, and the NFKB1 transcription factor. Such changes occurred against the background of transcriptional repression of the FOXP3 gene and the Treg-dependent suppressor cytokine IL10. The expression of other studied genes did not differ significantly from the controls.

CONCLUSIONS: The development of acute urticaria led to the transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory signaling against the background of a deficiency of the suppressor link. Detected changes in gene expression can be important for targeted therapy.