bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of posterior circulation fusiform aneurysms
Authors: Church Ephraim W. , Bigder Mark G. , Sussman Eric S. , Gummidipundi Santosh E. , Han Summer S. , Heit Jeremy J. , Do Huy M. , Dodd Robert L. , Marks Michael P. , Steinberg Gary K.
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

Perforator arteries, the absence of an aneurysm discrete neck, and the often-extensive nature of posterior circulation fusiform aneurysms present treatment challenges. There have been advances in microsurgical and endovascular approaches, including flow diversion, and the authors sought to review these treatments in a long-term series at their neurovascular referral center.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective chart review from 1990 to 2018. Primary outcomes were modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores at follow-up. The authors also examined neurological complication rates. Using regression techniques, they reviewed independent and dependent variables, including presenting features, aneurysm location and size, surgical approach, and pretreatment and posttreatment thrombosis.

RESULTS

Eighty-four patients met the inclusion criteria. Their mean age was 53 years, and 49 (58%) were female. Forty-one (49%) patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Aneurysms were located on the vertebral artery (VA) or posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) in 50 (60%) patients, basilar artery (BA) or vertebrobasilar junction (VBJ) in 22 (26%), and posterior cerebral artery (PCA) in 12 (14%). Thirty-one (37%) patients were treated with microsurgical and 53 (63%) with endovascular approaches. Six aneurysms were treated with endovascular flow diversion. The authors found moderate disability or better (mRS score ≤ 3) in 85% of the patients at a mean 14-month follow-up. The GOS score was ≥ 4 in 82% of the patients. The overall neurological complication rate was 12%. In the regression analysis, patients with VA or PICA aneurysms had better functional outcomes than the other groups (p < 0.001). Endovascular strategies were associated with better outcomes for BA-VBJ aneurysms (p < 0.01), but microsurgery was associated with better outcomes for VA-PICA and PCA aneurysms (p < 0.05). There were no other significant associations between patient, aneurysm characteristics, or treatment features and neurological complications (p > 0.05). Patients treated with flow diversion had more complications than those who underwent other endovascular and microsurgical strategies, but the difference was not significant in regression models.

CONCLUSIONS

Posterior circulation fusiform aneurysms remain a challenging aneurysm subtype, but an interdisciplinary treatment approach can result in good outcomes. While flow diversion is a useful addition to the armamentarium, traditional endovascular and microsurgical techniques continue to offer effective options.
Raman spectroscopy to differentiate between fresh tissue samples of glioma and normal brain: a comparison with 5-ALA–induced fluorescence-guided surgery
Authors: Livermore Laurent J. , Isabelle Martin , Bell Ian M. , Edgar Oliver , Voets Natalie L. , Stacey Richard , Ansorge Olaf , Vallance Claire , Plaha Puneet
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

Raman spectroscopy is a biophotonic tool that can be used to differentiate between different tissue types. It is nondestructive and no sample preparation is required. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of Raman spectroscopy to differentiate between glioma and normal brain when using fresh biopsy samples and, in the case of glioblastomas, to compare the performance of Raman spectroscopy to predict the presence or absence of tumor with that of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)–induced fluorescence.

METHODS

A principal component analysis (PCA)–fed linear discriminant analysis (LDA) machine learning predictive model was built using Raman spectra, acquired ex vivo, from fresh tissue samples of 62 patients with glioma and 11 glioma-free brain samples from individuals undergoing temporal lobectomy for epilepsy. This model was then used to classify Raman spectra from fresh biopsies from resection cavities after functional guided, supramaximal glioma resection. In cases of glioblastoma, 5-ALA–induced fluorescence at the resection cavity biopsy site was recorded, and this was compared with the Raman spectral model prediction for the presence of tumor.

RESULTS

The PCA-LDA predictive model demonstrated 0.96 sensitivity, 0.99 specificity, and 0.99 accuracy for differentiating tumor from normal brain. Twenty-three resection cavity biopsies were taken from 8 patients after supramaximal resection (6 glioblastomas, 2 oligodendrogliomas). Raman spectroscopy showed 1.00 sensitivity, 1.00 specificity, and 1.00 accuracy for predicting tumor versus normal brain in these samples. In the glioblastoma cases, where 5-ALA–induced fluorescence was used, the performance of Raman spectroscopy was significantly better than the predictive value of 5-ALA–induced fluorescence, which showed 0.07 sensitivity, 1.00 specificity, and 0.24 accuracy (p = 0.0009).

CONCLUSIONS

Raman spectroscopy can accurately classify fresh tissue samples into tumor versus normal brain and is superior to 5-ALA–induced fluorescence. Raman spectroscopy could become an important intraoperative tool used in conjunction with 5-ALA–induced fluorescence to guide extent of resection in glioma surgery.
Microneurosurgical removal of thalamic lesions: surgical results and considerations from a large, single-surgeon consecutive series
Authors: Serra Carlo , Türe Hatice , Yaltırık Cumhur Kaan , Harput Mehmet Volkan , Türe Uğur
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

The object of this study was to present the surgical results of a large, single-surgeon consecutive series of patients who had undergone transcisternal (TCi) or transcallosal-transventricular (TCTV) endoscope-assisted microsurgery for thalamic lesions.

METHODS

This is a retrospective study of a consecutive series of patients harboring thalamic lesions and undergoing surgery at one institution between February 2007 and August 2019. All surgical and patient-related data were prospectively collected. Depending on the relationship between the lesion and the surgically accessible thalamic surfaces (lateral ventricle, velar, cisternal, and third ventricle), one of the following surgical TCi or TCTV approaches was chosen: anterior interhemispheric transcallosal (AIT), posterior interhemispheric transtentorial subsplenial (PITS), perimedian supracerebellar transtentorial (PeST), or perimedian contralateral supracerebellar suprapineal (PeCSS). Since January 2018, intraoperative MRI has also been part of the protocol. The main study outcome was extent of resection. Complete neurological examination took place preoperatively, at discharge, and 3 months postoperatively. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the whole cohort.

RESULTS

In the study period, 92 patients underwent surgery for a thalamic lesion: 81 gliomas, 6 cavernous malformations, 2 germinomas, 1 metastasis, 1 arteriovenous malformation, and 1 ependymal cyst. In none of the cases was a transcortical approach adopted. Thirty-five patients underwent an AIT approach, 35 a PITS, 19 a PeST, and 3 a PeCSS. The mean follow-up was 38 months (median 20 months, range 1–137 months). No patient was lost to follow-up. The mean extent of resection was 95% (median 100%, range 21%–100%), and there was no surgical mortality. Most patients (59.8%) experienced improvement in their Karnofsky Performance Status. New permanent neurological deficits occurred in 8 patients (8.7%). Early postoperative (< 3 months after surgery) problems in CSF circulation requiring diversion occurred in 7 patients (7.6%; 6/7 cases in patients with high-grade glioma).

CONCLUSIONS

Endoscope-assisted microsurgery allows for the removal of thalamic lesions with acceptable morbidity. Surgeons must strive to access any given thalamic lesion through one of the four accessible thalamic surfaces, as they can be reached through either a TCTV or TCi approach with no or minimal damage to normal brain parenchyma. Patients harboring a high-grade glioma are likely to develop a postoperative disturbance of CSF circulation. For this reason, the AIT approach should be favored, as it facilitates a microsurgical third ventriculocisternostomy and allows intraoperative MRI to be done.
Odontoid screw placement for Anderson type II odontoid fractures: how do duration from injury to surgery and clinical and radiological factors influence the union rate? A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Ricciardi Luca , Trungu Sokol , Scerrati Alba , De Bonis Pasquale , Rustemi Oriela , Mazzetto Mauro , Lofrese Giorgio , Cultrera Francesco , Barrey Cédric Y. , Di Bartolomeo Alessandro , Piazza Amedeo , Miscusi Massimo , Raco Antonino
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

Anderson type II odontoid fractures are severe conditions, mostly affecting elderly people (≥ 70 years old). Surgery can be performed as a primary treatment or in cases of failed conservative management. This study aimed to investigate how duration from injury to surgery, as well as clinical, radiological, and surgical risk factors, may influence the union rate after anterior odontoid screw placement for Anderson type II odontoid fractures.

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective multicenter study. Demographic, clinical, surgical, and radiological data of patients who underwent anterior odontoid screw placement for Anderson type II fractures were retrieved from institutional databases. Study exclusion criteria were prolonged corticosteroid drug therapy (> 4 weeks), polytraumatic injuries, oncological diagnosis, and prior cervical spine trauma.

RESULTS

Eighty-five patients were included in the present investigation. The union rate was 76.5%, and 73 patients (85.9%) did not report residual instability. Age ≥ 70 years (p < 0.001, OR 6), female gender (p = 0.016, OR 3.61), osteoporosis (p = 0.009, OR 4.02), diabetes (p = 0.056, OR 3.35), fracture diastasis > 1 mm (p < 0.001, OR 8.5), and duration from injury to surgery > 7 days (p = 0.002, OR 48) independently influenced union rate, whereas smoking status (p = 0.677, OR 1.24) and odontoid process angulation > 10° (p = 0.885, OR 0.92) did not.

CONCLUSIONS

Although many factors have been reported as influencing the union rate after anterior odontoid screw placement for Anderson type II fractures, duration from injury to surgery > 7 days appears to be the most relevant, resulting in a 48 times higher risk for nonunion. Early surgery appears to be associated with better radiological outcomes, as reported by orthopedic surgeons in other districts. Prospective comparative clinical trials are needed to confirm these results.
La eseñanza de técnología IPTV en la implementación del servicio de audio y video
Authors: Quijije Pablo Augusto , Landacay Cristian Mauricio , Yepez César
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo comienza con el estudio de la tecnología IPTV y el conocimiento del equipamiento instalado en  la red inalámbrica Punto Multipunto de la Empresa CELERITEL que es un Proveedor de Servicio de Internet Inalámvrico (WISP), cuyo nodo principal se ubica  en el Cantón General Villamil Playas. A continuación se realiza las pruebas de  transmitir archivos mutimedia en formato .avi y .mpg, con la ayuda de la aplicación Windows Media Player que se instala y ejecuta en dos computadoras ubicadas en el lado del transmisor y en el lado del receptor. En los equipos Cambium se realizó la configuración para que funcionen en modo multicast que permite el uso eficiente del ancho de banda. En el lado del receptor se mide la calidad del servicio de audio y video mediante los parámetros de red como latencia, jitter, paquetes perdidos, ancho de banda, tiempos de conexión y los niveles de indicadores  de los equipos de radiofrecuecncia. Todos los parámetros son aceptables para la trasnmisión, lo que se comprobó además es que los dos contenidos multimedia inyectados más el servicio de internet consumen toda la capacidad de la red inalámbrica que es 3Mbps segmentado para cada cliente. Al final se propone un  Diseño de un Sistema IPTV que proveerá de programas en vivo, y con soporte de servicios VOD.
Empleabilidad: sello formativo de las instituciones de educación superior con las empresas
Authors: Rivera Guerrero Alvaro
Published: October 2020

La empleabilidad como sello de la formación en las instituciones de educación superior con las empresas responde a las exigencias y nuevas condiciones en que se produce el ejercicio profesional. Para ello, distingue competencias de empleabilidad que deben ser un atributo reconocible en cada uno de los alumnos de las instituciones de educación superior, con independencia de la carrera cursada. Las competencias de empleabilidad sello en las que pone énfasis son las siguientes: las habilidades comunicativas, la actitud emprendedora y las habilidades relacionales o comportamiento ético en contextos profesionales. La adquisición de dichas competencias permite agregar valor social y cultural al egresado, concretando una de las bases del proyecto educativo las instituciones de educación superior.
A universidade e seu impacto no marketing do turismo em áreas em desenvolvimento
Authors: Rodríguez Jenner
Published: October 2020

Atualmente, a indústria do turismo com maior crescimento e demanda é, sem dúvida, o setor hoteleiro. Os novos mercados internacionalizados buscam benefícios de preços, promoções e satisfação de necessidades, que mudaram o sistema de venda ou reserva do setor hoteleiro por meio do Tourism Marketing, como um novo canal de distribuição, que permite um relacionamento direto entre empresa e consumidor. O objetivo deste artigo é conhecer o nível de aceitação do Marketing Turístico no setor hoteleiro no Hotel La Casa del Sombrero em Libertador Bolívar, Santa Elena, através do modelo TAM (Modelo de Aceitação Tecnológica) que considera atitude, utilidade percebido, facilidade de uso e confiança como construções que analisam o processo que leva um sujeito a adotar um determinado comportamento.
Psicopedagogia como fator de treinamento para estudantes de escolas rurais
Authors: Brasilia G Natalia
Published: October 2020

O abuso psicopedagógico nos estudantes das escolas rurais do cantão de Salitre é uma realidade papal que não é denunciada. O objetivo desta investigação é determinar as manifestações dos maus-tratos psicopedagógicos, analisando e determinando as crenças culturais que permitem essa prática que ocorre no dia a dia entre professor e aluno. Para isso, foram utilizadas duas pesquisas com 93 especialistas, professores e representantes legais.Os resultados indicam que existem medidas coercitivas nas escolas, dentre as quais se destaca a rigidez do professor por não explicar novamente a turma, elevando o tom da voz como mecanismo. alcançar a atenção constante, generalização, crítica e ridículo de crianças com indisciplina. Por outro lado, os professores criticam os pais ou representantes legais que discordam de qualquer disposição que prejudique seus constituintes e preferem permanecer calados por medo de retaliação dos professores. Essa atitude faz com que o problema se torne invisível pela população e legitimamente os maus-tratos. Nesse contexto, é importante que sejam tomadas medidas corretivas por parte dos diretores das instituições, promovendo espaços para socializar os direitos das crianças em relação aos professores, seus representantes e às próprias crianças, e promovendo processos de fortalecimento contínuo que permitam aos professores inovar e ser um facilitador de ensino-aprendizagem. Um sistema tutorial sobre direitos é proposto para os professores incorporarem conhecimento jurídico e social para melhores práticas.
La capacitación formal en areas sociales para la inserción de un conjunto habitacional social
Authors: Vargas Juan Garcés , Villao Rodríguez Karina
Published: October 2020

La presente intención se basa en realizar un artículo que busca: “optimizar la calidad de vida de la población guayaquileña”, mediante: “CONJUNTO HABITACIONAL SOCIAL “PUERTO PALMAR” EN LA CIUDAD DE GUAYAQUIL”, en donde se emplea como objetivo fundamental: “Garantizar el acceso a una vivienda apropiada, segura y digna”; entre las resoluciones, involucra “Promover la organización, responsabilidad familiar y comunitaria, para garantizar su participación en la obtención de residencia nueva o reformada, en el sostenimiento oportuno y adecuado de las viviendas, así como de sus entornos, para así evitar el detrimento y los consecuentes peligros”.  A partir de la premisa, se arroja un análisis de tipo representativo que beneficiará al proponente para obtener el conocimiento, en zonas aledañas interesadas en hogares de interés social, con la finalidad de conocer la idea de comercialización de casas en “PUERTO PALMAR”.
La formación en comunidades ancestrales para el cultivo de tilapia en jaulas (oreochromissp. Y oreochromisnilóticus)
Authors: Duque Marín Richard , Cuenca Zambrano Mayra
Published: October 2020

La represa de San Vicente, está situada en la cuenca alta del río Javita al noroeste de la Provincia de Santa Elena. Es una represa de tierras de 25 m de altura que embalsa unos 40 Hm3que se distribuirá a través de canales para conducir el líquido vital por gravedad,  favoreciendo a las comunidades ubicadas en varios sectores como: Colonche, San Marcos, Bellavista, Manantial de Guangala, Manantial de Colonche, Jambelí, Palmar, Bambil Desecho, Rio Seco, Aguadita y Cerezal, se establece que serían 26.000 las hectáreas que se beneficiarían en la provincia de Santa Elena (CEDEGÉ, 1984). La Subsecretaría de Acuacultura, junto a los  representantes del Ministerio del Litoral,  Ambiente y los habitantes de las diferentes comunas de la Provincia de Santa Elena, presenciaron la siembra de  120.000 de los 500.000 alevines de tilapia donados por la compañía MODERCORP que fueron sembrados en la represa de San Vicente de Colonche. (SA, 2008). Las tilapias desde que fueron sembradas crecieron y se reproducen sin control alguno, generando una densidad poblacional alta, reduciendo el espacio de traslado de estos organismos en el cuerpo de agua.Como consecuencia de aquello las tallas han disminuido, afectando  la disponibilidad del recurso en tallas mayores que satisfagan a los consumidores locales. Las pocas oportunidades de trabajo en las comunidades rurales,  hace que se dediquen a otras actividades que la zona les brinda, teniendo como un complemento en el sustento diario la pesca en la Represa sin predecir o prevenir los riesgos que estos representan, es así que desde las primeras capturas de tilapias no han cesado ni han planificado su sustentabilidad.
Influência dos processos de ensino na análise da satisfação do cliente em hotéis ecológicos
Authors: Ordeñana P. Begola
Published: October 2020

Não existe um setor jurídico que possa exibir um crescimento mais rápido e exponencial nos últimos 60 anos, como o turismo, se excluirmos talvez o setor de computadores: apenas na década de 1997 a 2007 e no que se refere à Turismo internacional, o número de viajantes anuais passou de 594 milhões para 89815. Mas, diferentemente do setor de TI, o turismo conseguiu não apenas crescer, mas também superar crises. Mas o mais impressionante é que parece imune a fenômenos estruturais que, devido à natureza do setor, deveriam tê-lo danificado irreversivelmente. Hoje, o turismo tornou-se um dos setores com maior projeção no Equador e conta com o apoio do governo para sua promoção e execução nos diferentes subsetores, assim como a gestão realizada nas empresas que Tornam-se mais exigentes e decisivas no desenvolvimento turístico das regiões para obter seu direcionamento e desenvolvimento adequados.Com base nessa premissa, esta pesquisa se concentrou na análise através da aplicação de uma ferramenta de investigação para satisfação do usuário dentro da região. setor hoteleiro do país, fator essencial a ser levado em consideração na indústria do turismo, além de determinar os pontos fracos e fortes da união e a possibilidade de melhorar a qualidade dos serviços e produtos oferecidos no nível da indústria.
Aprendizagem aplicada à análise da síndrome de Burnout em Técnicos da Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Álvarez-Silva Luis Antonio
Published: October 2020

Atualmente, os computadores são usados não apenas como equipamento de suporte para diferentes tarefas humanas, mas como um meio de obter informações, por sua vez, a computação está presente em quase todos os campos da vida moderna. Este artigo trata de crimes de computador que conseguem ser considerados crimes eletrônicos, tão graves que se tornam um problema genérico para o avanço da ciência da computação. Esses crimes têm consigo o que é fraude, roubo, falsificação (documentos), etc. O exemplo mais claro é quando uma pessoa é um homem ou uma mulher que rouba informações e causa danos a servidores ou computadores que se tornam a maioria virtual da informação em formato digital, cujo dano se torna cada vez maior. Podemos apreciar a análise das ações realizadas por vários países para regular essa incidência nas redes digitais e, por sua vez, dar recomendações para que os usuários adotem para melhorar sua experiência enquanto navegam nessa rede. Na pesquisa realizada, temos como pontos-chave a realização de uma investigação bibliográfica da arte do crime de computador no Equador, que a comparou com a legislação de outros países, na qual se verá que ainda temos muito a mudar. Nas conclusões apresentadas, devemos reestruturar seu Código Penal Orgânico Abrangente (COIP) e ter mais severidade para quem infringe a lei o roubo de informações, o desvio de dinheiro, a quem é confiado o dinheiro dos usuários, dos quais é uma questão de estudo, que não apenas o representante legal seja investigado e sancionado, mas também o funcionário bancário que fornece ou acessa as informações do banco de dados das diferentes instituições financeiras do Equador.
ANALISIS KONTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN USAHATANI CENGKEH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA TANI DI DESA DUNGINGIS KECAMATAN DAKO PEMEAN KABUPATEN TOLITOLI (STUDI KASUS PADA KELOMPOK TANI MEKAR 2)
Authors: Nurmala Nurmala , Narullah  , Moh. Asse
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the amount of farm household income in clove farming and the contribution of clove farming to total farm household income in Mekar 2 Farmer Group in Dungingis Village, Dako Pemean Subdistrict, Tolitoli Regency. This research was conducted from July to September 2018. The research method used was the census method with a sample of 20 respondents. The results of this study indicate that clove farming income is the source of income that contributes the most from all sources of income of farm families, amounting to Rp.579,277,557 per year or 56.44%.
BIOKIMIAWI RIZOSFER BIBIT ROTAN PADA PEMUPUKAN NITROGEN DARI SUMBER BERBEDA
Authors: Indriani Lisa , Chio Muhammad Basir , Tjoa Aiyen , Tellu Andri Tanra
Published: October 2020

Root and soil interactions will alter the biochemical status of the rhizosphere, the acquisition of nutrients and impacted to plant growth. The biochemical of the rhizosphere is strongly influenced by the agriculture input e.g. fertilizer, herbicides and farm management system. Application of fertilizers, their effects are robust and difficult tobe quantified. The effect of fertilizer on the biochemical status rhizosphere and plant growth is different depending on the type of fertilizers, growth media, plant species, and also the environment condition, while the effect on plants will be specific to each plant. This research investigated on the effect of N inorganic fertilizer inputs from two sources namely Urea (CO(NH2)2) and Ammonium Sulfate or ZA ((NH4)2.SO4), and different fertilization method (homogenous and localized). Experiments showed application of N-Urea and N-ZA fertilizers reduced the rhizosphere pH until 1,4 point. However, acidity of the rhizosphere reduced microorganism colonies and respiration rate.
PROFESIONALISME GURU MEMBANGUN KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad , Medopa Nurmaya
Published: October 2020

The purpose of writing this article adds insight into the professionalism of Islamic religious education teachers building the character of students. Form the values ​​and characters of students that are useful. This article uses the literature study method with data collection techniques utilizing sources / materials from appropriate books and journals. This article seeks to outline the professionalism of Islamic religious education teachers building student character based on the writer's argument. Islamic religious education teachers have an important task in building students' character through a learning process that is sourced from the material taught by the Koran and Hadith as a guide to life, taught fiqh as legal signs in worship, teaches the history of Islam as an example of life, and teaches morals as a guide for human behavior whether in the category of good or bad. Therefore, Islamic religious education teachers are required to be professional in shaping the values ​​and character of students so that the personality of students is reflected in their behavior and mindset. Another thing to note is the success of learning the values ​​and character of students at school, one of which is also determined by the application of appropriate learning methods
PENGARUH MINAT BELAJAR DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 4 SIGI
Authors: Silfitrah Silfitrah , Mailili Wahyuni H
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of learning interest and learning motivation on students' cognitive learning outcomes in set material in Sigi 4 Public Middle School. The type of  research used is expost factod with a population of  all seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Sigi which were registered in the 2017/2018 school year with 248 students. Technic sampling that is simple random sampling so the sample size was106 students.The data collection methods are questionnaire, documentation, and test methods.Analysis of the data using the product moment correlation test then followed by multiple regression tests .The results obtained by double linear regression were Y = 7.478 + 0.086 X₁ + 0.091X₂ . Based on the results of research and discussion of data analysis concluded that: (1) There is significant influence between interest in learning the learning outcomes of the mathematics class VII SMP Negeri 4 Sigi with
PENGARUH KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SMPN 1 BOJONEGARA PADA MATERI ALJABAR
Authors: Safitri Atika Indah , Pujiastuti Heni
Published: October 2020

This study aims to recognize whether there is any influence between learning independence and mathematics learning outcomes of students of SMPN 1 Bojonegara on Algebra Material. This research is an ex post facto study, with a population of all students of SMPN 1 Bojonegara and for the sample taken classes VII C and VII D, totaling 75 people. Data collection is done by using a questionnaire for learning independence and tests for learning outcomes. The results of this study were obtained by processing data using SPSS version 26 to test the normality of learning independence data, learning outcomes and residues as well as to test linearity and significance of regression. The results showed that there was a significant influence between learning independence on learning outcomes with an influence of 96.03%
PENGARUH EFIKASI DIRI DAN REGULASI DIRI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATKA SISWA KELAS X SMA ALKHAIRAAT 1 PALU
Authors: Rustam Aflan , Wahyuni Dewi Sri
Published: October 2020

This type of research is ex-post facto which is causal. The population in this study were all students of class X at Alkhairaat High School 1 Palu. The population in this study was less than 100, namely 52 students. By this, the researcher did not conduct sampling in this study, so this study was a population research. The research variables included self-efficacy (X1), self-regulation (X2), namely as independent variables and mathematics learning outcomes (Y) as the dependent variable. Data collection techniques using documentation, tests and questionnaires. The prerequisite test shows that the data in this study are normally distributed, so hypothesis testing uses multiple regression analysis through the SPSS 23 application. The results of this study indicate that: 1) the level of self-efficacy of students is 71 in the medium category. 2) the level of self-regulation of students is 141 in the medium category. 3) the level of mathematics learning outcomes of students is 63 in the medium category. 4) significant value of self-efficacy of 0,000 <0,05 and a regression coefficient of 0,446 with a positive value, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted meaning self-efficacy has a positive effect on mathematics learning outcomes. 4) significant value of self-regulation of 0,000 <0,05 and has a regression coefficient value of 0,264 with a positive value, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted meaning self regulation has a positive effect on the learning outcomes of mathematics. 5) R Square coefficient or coefficient of determination shows that the percentage contribution of the influence of independent variables is 58.5%. This shows that self-efficacy and self-regulation influence the mathematics learning outcomes by 58.5% and the other 41.5% are influenced by variables outside of self-efficacy and regulation
Bildungsexpansion und soziale Ungleichheit. Wie lassen sich die begrenzten Erfolge der Bildungsreformen in Deutschland erklären?
Authors: Blossfeld Pia N. , Blossfeld Gwendolin J. , Blossfeld Hans-Peter
Published: October 2020

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, inwieweit drei Ziele der Bildungsreformen erreicht wurden: (1) Der Ausbau des Bildungssystems zur Sicherung des wirtschaftlichen Wohlstands, (2) die Erhöhung der Durchlässigkeit zwischen den verschiedenen Teilen des Bildungssystems und (3) die Verringerung von herkunftsspezifischen Bildungsungleichheiten. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass die ersten beiden Ziele durchaus erreicht wurden und arbeitet heraus, warum die Erfolge der Bildungsreformen mit Blick auf die herkunftsspezifischen Ungleichheiten nur begrenzt waren.
A generalization of the Freidlin–Wentcell theorem on averaging of Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Zhu Yichun
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we generalize the classical Freidlin-Wentzell’s theorem for random perturbations of Hamiltonian systems. In ( Probability Theory and Related Fields 128 ( 2004 ) 441–466), M.Freidlin and M.Weber generalized the original result in the sense that the coefficient for the noise term is no longer the identity matrix but a state-dependent matrix and taking the drift term into consideration. In this paper, We generalize the result by adding a state-dependent matrix that converges uniformly to 0 on any compact sets as ϵ tends to 0 to a state-dependent noise and considering the drift term which contains two parts, the state-dependent mapping and a state-dependent mapping that converges uniformly to 0 on any compact sets as ϵ tends to 0. In the proof, we adapt a new way to prove the weak convergence inside the edge by constructing an auxiliary process and modify the proof in ( Probability Theory and Related Fields 128 ( 2004 ) 441–466) when proving gluing condition.
A novel recommendation algorithm based on product life cycle theory
Authors: Zhang Liang , Liu Xiao Jing
Published: October 2020

A large number of practical applications of the recommendation system found that the novelty of the recommendation results and the user satisfaction are more closely related, making the novelty recommendation recently widely concerned and studied. Many novelty recommendation algorithms used the popularity of the item to measure novelty, but this method is too simple, and the change of item popularity is more reflective of its novelty. According to the product life cycle theory (PLC), this study proposed a novelty recommendation algorithm that recommends item that be not popular now and may be popular in the future to improve the novelty of the recommendation results, The time change of the popularity of the items to be recommended is analyzed, and the future popularity of the items are predicted by analogy. Two strategies for selecting recommended selection are selecting future popular items (the predicting popularity-based filtering Algorithm, PP algorithm) and excluding future recession items (the Excluding Recession-based filtering algorithm, ER algorithm), according to the definition of novelty of the item, recommended the novelty items to the target user. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was verified through an offline experiment. Results indicate that PP algorithm can significantly improve the accuracy and novelty, but seriously sacrifice the coverage and reduce the ability of the recommendation system to mine the long tail items when the number of alternative items N is small, the novelty of the recommendation list of the ER algorithm is remarkably higher than that of traditional algorithms, the novelty is high when the quantity of alternative sets reaches around 350, where the average popularity of the recommendation list declines by 40%, and the coverage is elevated by 150%, thereby improving the ability of the proposed system to extract all kinds of items. This study serves as reference for the improvement of user satisfaction with recommendation systems.
Diabetes prediction model based on deep belief network
Authors: Lang Li-Ying , Gao Zheng , Wang Xue-Guang , Zhao Hui , Zhang Yan-Ping , Sun Sheng-Juan , Zhang Yong-Jian , Austria Ramir S.
Published: October 2020

Diabetes is a disease that seriously endangers human health. Early detection and early treatment can reduce the likelihood of complications and mortality. The predictive model can effectively solve the above problems and provide helpful information for the clinic. Based on this, it is proposed to apply the idea of integrated algorithm in DBN algorithm, collect the hospital data by investigating its related factors, clean and process the collected data, and sample and model the processed data multiple times. It is shown that a single DBN classifier is better than support vector machine and logistic regression algorithm. The model established by the integrated deep confidence network has a significant improvement in classification accuracy compared to a single DBN classifier, and solves the unstable classification effect of a single DBN classifier.
An AI based design of student performance prediction and evaluation system in college physical education
Authors: Yangsheng Zhang
Published: October 2020

College physical education is too one-sided, which makes the teaching process evaluation meaningless. Based on this, based on neural network technology, this article combines artificial intelligence teaching system to build an artificial intelligence sports teaching evaluation model based on neural network. The artificial intelligence model starts from the process evaluation and the final evaluation. Moreover, it uses a recurrent neural network for data training and analysis, and introduces a new decoder to perform data processing, and introduces a simplified gated neural network internal structure diagram to build the internal structure of the model.In addition, this study designs a control experiment to evaluate the performance of the model constructed in this study. The research results show that the artificial intelligence model constructed in this paper has a good effect in the performance prediction and evaluation of college sports students.
An AI based research on optimization of university sports information service
Authors: Cong Canri , Fu Dongmei
Published: October 2020

The focus of this article is to explore the application of artificial intelligence in university sports information services based on the development trend of artificial intelligence technology. Research and analyze the characteristics and functions of new intelligent information service tools, and explore the effects of artificial intelligence in optimizing university sports information services from the three aspects of intelligent evolution information service, intelligent push information, and intelligent retrieval information, and the connotation of intelligent environment Analyze characteristics and technical support to promote the optimization and upgrading of university sports information services, research on the transformation of evaluation methods from manual evaluation to intelligent evaluation, and from standardized evaluation to differential evaluation, and specifically analyze the connotation of intelligent evaluation and differential evaluation, Features and key technologies, analyze the general process of intelligent evaluation, and summarize the implementation suggestions for intelligent evaluation. And discuss the application of artificial intelligence in university sports information services from scientific decision-making and automated management.
Reform and innovation of artificial intelligence technology for information service in university physical education
Authors: Zhang Jianye
Published: October 2020

This article analyzes the reform of information services in university physical education based on artificial intelligence technology and conducts in-depth and innovative research on it. In-depth analysis of the relationship between big data and the development and application of information technology such as the Internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing, to clarify the difference and connection between big data, informatization and intelligence. Artificial intelligence will bring opportunities for changes in data collection, management decision-making, governance models, education and teaching, scientific research services, evaluation and evaluation of physical education in our university. At the same time, big data education management in colleges and universities faces many challenges such as the balance of privacy and freedom, data hegemony, data junk, data standards, and data security, and they have many negative effects. In accordance with the requirements of educational modernization, centering on the goal of intelligent and humanized education management, it aims existing issues in college physical education management.
Role of AI physical education based on application of functional sports training
Authors: Guo Qiang , Li Bo
Published: October 2020

The physical health test of college students is an important part of the school physical education work and an important part of the school education evaluation system. It is an educational method that promotes the healthy development of students’ physical fitness and encourages students to actively take physical exercises. It is an individual evaluation standard for students’ physical fitness. It is also one of the necessary conditions for students to graduate. In order to improve the physique and health of college students, this article first introduces functional exercise tests to comprehensively measure the exercise capacity of the main muscle groups and joints of the human body, and integrate flexibility and strength qualities. Secondly, this article quantitatively studies the interaction law between the natural light environment comfort of sports training facilities and architectural design elements, and adopts appropriate dynamic optimization methods to improve the light environment quality of the sports space, thereby enhancing the visual comfort of the sports crowd in the stadium. Finally, the artificial intelligence technology is introduced, through the design of artificial intelligence system, intelligent data collection, and analysis. From the perspective of physical education, the functional exercise test based on artificial intelligence conforms to the essential meaning of the physical fitness test and helps to enhance the awareness of college students’ physical exercise. And the intelligent remote multimedia physical education system based on artificial intelligence makes the physical education process flexible, free from time and place restrictions, and can adopt different teaching strategies according to the different situations of students to implement personalized teaching.
Application of artificial intelligence in university sports risk recognition and identification
Authors: Wang Ju-An , Liu Shen , Zhang Xiping
Published: October 2020

This article is based on artificial intelligence technology to recognize and identify risks in college sport. The application of motion recognition technology first need to collect the source data, store the collected data in the server database, collect the learner’s real-time data and return it to the database to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring. It is found that in the identification of risk sources of sports courses, there are a total of 4 first-level risk factors, namely teacher factors, student factors, environmental factors, and school management factors, and a total of 15 second-level risk factors, which are teaching preparation, teaching process, and teaching effect. When the frequency of teaching risks is low, the consequence loss is small. When the frequency of teaching risks is low, the consequences are very serious. Risk mitigation is the main measure to reduce the occurrence of teaching risks and reduce the consequences of losses.
Weapon system operational effectiveness evaluation based on the belief rule-based system with interval data
Authors: Gao Fei , Zhang An , Bi Wenhao
Published: October 2020

Weapon system operational effectiveness evaluation is of significant importance to weapon system development, and it can be viewed as a multiple criteria decision-making problem with qualitative information, precise data, interval data, and even missing information. Furthermore, due to the complexity of weapon systems and military operations, using prior knowledge such as experiment data, simulation data, and experts’ knowledge could enhance the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation result. To this end, by introducing interval-valued evidential reasoning (ER) approach into belief rule-based system (BRBS), this paper proposed an interval-valued BRB inference method for weapon system operational effectiveness evaluation Firstly, the operational effectiveness evaluation hierarchy is established based on the analysis of the weapon system. Then, the belief rule base (BRB) is constructed to capture prior knowledge of the weapon system. Next, different kinds of information are transformed into belief distribution, and the proposed interval-valued BRB inference method is applied to relay the input to the BRB and obtain the evaluation result. Finally, three numerical examples of missile system operational effectiveness evaluation with interval data, precise data, and missing information are conducted to illustrate the process of the proposed method and demonstrate its feasibility.
Dynamic programming based fuzzy partition in fuzzy decision tree induction
Authors: Mu Yashuang , Wang Lidong , Liu Xiaodong
Published: October 2020

Fuzzy decision trees are one of the most popular extensions of decision trees for symbolic knowledge acquisition by fuzzy representation. Among the majority of fuzzy decision trees learning methods, the number of fuzzy partitions is given in advance, that is, there are the same amount of fuzzy items utilized in each condition attribute. In this study, a dynamic programming-based partition criterion for fuzzy items is designed in the framework of fuzzy decision tree induction. The proposed criterion applies an improved dynamic programming algorithm used in scheduling problems to establish an optimal number of fuzzy items for each condition attribute. Then, based on these fuzzy partitions, a fuzzy decision tree is constructed in a top-down recursive way. A comparative analysis using several traditional decision trees verify the feasibility of the proposed dynamic programming based fuzzy partition criterion. Furthermore, under the same framework of fuzzy decision trees, the proposed fuzzy partition solution can obtain a higher classification accuracy than some cases with the same amount of fuzzy items.
Noise robust hybrid algorithm for segmenting image with unequal cluster sizes based on chaotic crow search and improved fuzzy c-means
Authors: Zhu Zhanlong , Liu Yongjun , Wang Yuan
Published: October 2020

Adding spatial penalty to fuzzy C-means (FCM) model is an important way to reduce the influence of noise in image segmentation. However, these improved algorithms easily cause segmentation failures when the image has the characteristics of unequal cluster sizes. Besides, they often fall into local optimal solutions if the initial cluster centers are improper. This paper presents a noise robust hybrid algorithm for segmenting image with unequal cluster sizes based on chaotic crow search algorithm and improved fuzzy c-means to overcome the above defects. Firstly, each size of clusters is integrated into the objective function of noise detecting fuzzy c-means algorithm (NDFCM), which can reduces the contribution of larger clusters to objective function and then the new membership degree and cluster centers are deduced. Secondly, a new expression called compactness, representing the pixel distribution of each cluster, is introduced into the iteration process of clustering. Thirdly, we use two- paths to seek the optimal solutions in each step of iteration: one path is produced by the chaotic crow search algorithm and the other is originated by gradient method. Furthermore, the better solutions of the two-paths go to next generation until the end of the iteration. Finally, the experiments on the synthetic and non–destructive testing (NDT) images show that the proposed algorithm behaves well in noise robustness and segmentation performance.
Feature selection in classification using self-adaptive owl search optimization algorithm with elitism and mutation strategies
Authors: Mandal Ashis Kumar , Sen Rikta , Chakraborty Basabi
Published: October 2020

The fundamental aim of feature selection is to reduce the dimensionality of data by removing irrelevant and redundant features. As finding out the best subset of features from all possible subsets is computationally expensive, especially for high dimensional data sets, meta-heuristic algorithms are often used as a promising method for addressing the task. In this paper, a variant of recent meta-heuristic approach Owl Search Optimization algorithm (OSA) has been proposed for solving the feature selection problem within a wrapper-based framework. Several strategies are incorporated with an aim to strengthen BOSA (binary version of OSA) in searching the global best solution. The meta-parameter of BOSA is initialized dynamically and then adjusted using a self-adaptive mechanism during the search process. Besides, elitism and mutation operations are combined with BOSA to control the exploitation and exploration better. This improved BOSA is named in this paper as Modified Binary Owl Search Algorithm (MBOSA). Decision Tree (DT) classifier is used for wrapper based fitness function, and the final classification performance of the selected feature subset is evaluated by Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Simulation experiments are conducted on twenty well-known benchmark datasets from UCI for the evaluation of the proposed algorithm, and the results are reported based on classification accuracy, the number of selected features, and execution time. In addition, BOSA along with three common meta-heuristic algorithms Binary Bat Algorithm (BBA), Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO), and Binary Genetic Algorithm (BGA) are used for comparison. Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms similar methods by reducing the number of features significantly while maintaining a comparable level of classification accuracy.