bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Dynamic Response Analysis of Aircraft Landing Gear with Finite Element Modeling
Authors: Wu Wei Guo , Wang Zhen Tao , Jia Teng
Published: February 2016

The precise model and the analysis of nonlinear response are important for the landing gear research. In this paper, the FEM model of landing gear was established. The shock absorber is modeled with the nonlinear spring and damper. Random displacements were applied for simulating runway unevenness at aircraft taxiing. Through the simulation, the nonlinear FEM dynamic response of landing gear was acquired. The results show that: the stress of landing gear is large in the landing progress, especially for the random displacements; the weakness of landing gear is the axle sleeve. So the material and technology of the axle sleeve are important in the design of landing gear.
Harmonic Response Analysis and Structure Modification for Substructure of Deep Well Drilling Rig
Authors: Hua Jian , Zhu Hong Wu , Zhou Si Zhu , Hu Lei , Cui Hao
Published: February 2016

During the oil drilling process, the eccentric rotation of rotating devices such as rotary table may excite abnormal vibration of the drilling rig which will worsen the working condition of the rig and cause structure failure. In this paper, a ZJ70 drilling rig is taken as the study object, the harmonic response analysis of which is conducted by using FEM software and the frequency response characteristic of the substructure is obtained. Result shows the stiffness of rear substructure is insufficient. On the basis of harmonic response analysis, the modification of the substructure is carried out through enlarging the rear connection frame. Further calculation shows the first 3 order natural frequencies of the substructure are increased, thus the abnormal vibration of the substructure caused by the rotary table with certain rotation speed can be effectively reduced. In addition, the displacement response of both first two orders are greatly decreased with that of central and rear positions are respectively decreased by 17.5% and 42.1%, which demonstrates the dynamic characteristic of the substructure is significantly improved.
Construction and Building of an Experimental Prototype of Solar Power Tower Plant
Authors: Abu-Hamdeh Nidal H. , Alnefaie Khaled A.
Published: February 2016

In this paper it is aimed to present the detailed design procedure of the first solar power system in Jeddah. A prototype of solar power tower system was built at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia where direct irradiation is very high. Heliostats were used to track the incident sun rays and focus the energy flow towards a solar receiver. The system consists of 10 heliostats directing incident solar rays to a tower of height about 7 meters. Two motors were used to control the heliostat rotational and elevation movements. A solar receiver made of alloy steel is installed at the top of the tower to collect solar energy reflected from the heliostats. A molten salt fluid consists of sodium and potassium nitrates (60/40) re-circulated in the receiver transfers the collected heat in the receiver to a storage tank. A cylindrical vessel with height of 1 m and diameter of 1.5 m was adopted for each of the cold and hot tanks. The design thermal power was 13 kW. The percentage error in the thermal power obtained is about 5.3%.
The Current and Solution of Wind Power Consumption for Gansu Province
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Ning Bo , Wei Ying , Gu Qun
Published: February 2016

The average wind power in China increases year by year, obviously wind power output volatility and uncertainty that makes the large-scale wind power grid to bring a lot of problem, such as peaking and frequency modulation, voltage regulator, stability, power quality problems, etc. The power structure in China is given priority with coal-fired thermal power, peaking power is relatively scarce. Lack of wind power on a large scale grid has intensified. The paper briefly analyzes the power grid network frame structure, load and power characteristics in Gansu province. Considering the measured data in 2014 of Gansu power network, intuitive shows Gansu power grid fluctuation characteristics of wind power output in different period of time, discussed the influence of wind power grid peak shaving capability. It improving the large-scale wind power access after the measures of Gansu power grid peak shaving capability.
Modal Analysis of High-Speed Parallel Manipulator with Flexible Links
Authors: Chen Zheng Sheng , Liu Ming , Kong Min Xiu , Ji Chen
Published: February 2016

The modal analysis was carried out to investigate the proposed improved curvature based finite element method (ICFE) for parallel manipulator with flexible links. The flexible link was discretizatied with ICFE first, and with the proposed rigid-flexible coupling technique, the flexible displacement of the moving platform and passive links was obtained, then through Lagrange equation, the structural model was derived. At last, to investigate the accuracy and efficiency of the ICFE and rigid-flexible coupling technique, modal analysis of ICFE model with different nodes and comparison studies with CFE and the ABAQUS model was carried out.
Effect of Coolant Pressure on Machinability of Titanium Alloy Ti6Al4V
Authors: Patil Sandip , Kekade Swapnil , Pawar Pravin , Pawar Swapnil , Singh Rajkumar
Published: February 2016

Titanium alloy Ti6Al4V comes with several desirable and undesirable properties. Its low thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity makes it difficult for machining producing high cutting temperature and adhesion tendency. Cutting fluids are used to remove the heat generated at the chip tool interface during the machining process. The coolant with low pressure and improper delivery is not able to break the vapor barrier created by high cutting temperature. The current research investigates the effect of using high pressure coolant system (60 Bar) on the machinability of Ti6Al4V. The machinability was measured in terms of chip breaking, chip thickness, surface finish, tool wear, etc. A detailed statistical and chip mechanism analysis was performed emphasizing the phenomenon of shear band formation, crack formation, chip thickness, chip serration frequency, etc.
Hydraulic Exciter Control for Shock and Vibration Testing
Authors: Petřík Jan , Lufinka Aleš
Published: February 2016

The important part of the validation and certification of the new product are vibration and shock testing of mechanical, electrical and electronic equipment components that are mounted on rail vehicles. The hydraulic shaker is possible to use as the vibration and shock exciter to simulate the effect of the environment to the specimen. It is necessary to fulfil the prescribe condition of the level of mechanical vibration and the acceleration peak of the shock test signals. The specific hydraulic motor produced by INOVA is designed for the specific vibration test and the aim is to use it also for the shock tests. The control algorithm uses two iteration methods in time and frequency domain and their use depends on test prescription.
Impacted Object Kinematic
Authors: Pešík Lubomír , Kohl Ondřej
Published: February 2016

By destructive car tests are used acceleration sensors for the determination of a time courses of kinematic variables. The main task is to determine the velocity of measured points of selected objects. The fundamental problem in the solution of this problem is the fact that the acceleration sensor simultaneously record two mechanical movements. One of them is the movement of the object as a rigid body and the other is damped vibration of the object itself as a flexible body which is characterized by its dynamic parameters.
Demoulding of Tires from Segmented Mould
Authors: Hnatkova Eva , Dvorak Zdenek
Published: February 2016

Segmented moulds are special tools intended for tires with a complex groove pattern and demoulding is the final stage in tire manufacturing process during which some damage on tire surface can occur. The aim of this work is to carry how the amount of segments will influence the stress generated during mould opening on the rubber surface, as well as investigation of opening force required for the segment radial moving based on segment angles. The obtained results showed that for proposed symmetrical design of tire and material properties, the generated stresses are negligible and all proposed solutions may be used. If we do not consider the economical part, the optimal segment angle is 23° and the number of segments is 11.
Analysis of Mechanical and Impact Properties of Prepreg Composites under Elevated Temperature
Authors: Rusnáková Soňa , Fojtl Ladislav , Žaludek Milan , Čapka Alexander , Rusnák Vladimír
Published: February 2016

This paper presents an experimental investigation of mechanical and impact properties of carbon and Kevlar-glass composites prepared from pre-impregnated materials. Namely, flexural performance in three-point bending at different temperatures is evaluated. Moreover, Charpy impact test and low-velocity impact test are also conducted for classification of impact properties and character of rupture. These all properties are important for material design of sport bike rims and many sport and other applications.
Measuring Device for the Cutting Parameters Monitoring during Drilling
Authors: Lufinka Aleš , Votoček Jaroslav
Published: February 2016

A drilling process quality and a drill life depend on the cutting conditions optimal setting. Research in the area of cutting fluid composition and drilling tools parameters for nonstandard material setting is performed at Technical university of Liberec. Real drilling parameters monitoring is essential during this research. Axial force and torque are two basic parameters describing this process. The measuring device for these parameters monitoring which was built at Technical university of Liberec is described in this paper.
Experimental Analysis and Study of the Shock Absorption of Carbon Composite
Authors: Petrů Michal , Ševčík Ladislav , Lufinka Aleš , Syrovátková Martina
Published: February 2016

Composite materials are a regular part of many industries - aerospace, automotive, mechanical engineering. Lower weight and comparable in some ways even better mechanical properties, are the reason why composites progressively substitute traditional metal based material. The article describes the design of composite tub with metal reinforcement. Compares the theoretical and real output of sample produced from CF prepreg specially designed for absorbing the energy during crash impact. The results show that the sample due to its deformation is able to absorb some energy and become a material usable in structural applications.
Strain and Deformation of Fialt 500 L Tailgate Made from Thermoformed Polyester Composite in Comparison with Steel
Authors: Černý Ivo , Jersák Miroslav , Černá Marie
Published: February 2016

Fiat 500 L tailgate was manufactured from innovative 3D functional textile – long glass fibre reinforced polyester thermoformed composite as a demonstrator within 3D Light Trans project of the EU 7th Framework Programme. Unlike the second demonstrator, Bentley spare wheel well and battery case, the Fiat tailgate was characteristic by not negligible external loading and so, the strain and deformation behaviour had to be experimentally verified as the last step of the project implementation. Capabilities of the material for efficient manufacturing of different types of complex components were demonstrated. The tailgate provides an innovative high strength, low weight alternative to the nowadays customary metal parts manufactured with state-of-the-art technology. The experimental method and results are described in the paper.
Environmental Conditions Effect for Adhesive Connections in Glass Structures
Authors: Machalická Klára , Eliášová Martina
Published: February 2016

Load-bearing joints of glass structures belong to the one of new applications of adhesive connections in civil engineering. They provide several important benefits particularly even stress distribution along the contact depending on geometry and stiffness of the glue joint, which is crucial for brittle glass. There is a lack of knowledge about semi-flexible or semi-rigid adhesive connections in the structural glass field and durability is one of the essential properties that have to be assessed during design-process of bonded connection. An extensive research focused on shear glued joints in glass structures was performed at CTU in Prague, which also comprised environmental effect simulation on the glued specimens in laboratory accelerated conditions. The paper is dedicated to impact of ageing to the specimens and their mechanical properties together with brief overview of available laboratory ageing methods.
Nonlinearity in Oscillations of Large Displacement Pendulum
Authors: Hagara Martin , Huňady Róbert , Pástor Miroslav
Published: February 2016

In this contribution a theoretical basis of pendulum oscillations is described. The authors deal also with an experimental investigation of nonlinearity in oscillations of large displacement pendulum. High-speed correlation system was used for the registration of pendulum free motion. The obtained data were consequently processed in Matlab and depicted in a form of graphical visualizations and tables.
Volumetric Changes of the UHPC Matrix and its Determination
Authors: Citek David , Rydval Milan , Kolisko Jiří
Published: February 2016

Research in the Ultra-High Performance Concrete applications field is very important. Current experiences shows that the structure design should be optimize due to relatively new fine-grained cement-based Hi-Tech material with excellent mechanical and durability properties. It is not sure if some of the volumetric changes like creep or shrinkage has or has not an impact on an advantage for the construction and for the structure design. The effect of the shrinkage and creep of common used concretes are well known and well described at publications but the effect of volumetric changes of the UHPC is mostly unknown because of the fact that some of experimental tests are long term and the development of UHPC is still in its basics. A lot of works are focused on a basic mechanical properties and durability tests.
Investigation of Bending Capacity of Concrete Elements Strengthened by Textile Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Holčapek Ondřej
Published: February 2016

Presented contribution deals with using textile reinforced concrete containing newly invented high strength cement matrix for strengthening concrete structures. The issue of old concrete ́s surface interaction with newly applied slim layer of textile reinforced concrete is investigated and verified by bending test. Water to binder ration under 0.3, maximum size of used silica sand 1.2 mm, and compressive strength over 100 MPa characterize used fine grain cement matrix. Over 12 months old beams with dimension 100 x 100 x 400 mm made from ordinary concrete were used for strengthening during performed experimental program. Strengthening took place on bending side. Different number (1, 3 and 5) of textile fabrics made from alkali-resistant glass (surface density 275 g/m2) was applied into slim layer of cement composite. Increasing number of used fabrics leads to different failure mode due shearing force action.
Clinched Joint Tensile Test
Authors: Malý Pavel , Lopot František , Dynybyl Vojtěch , Sojka Jiří
Published: February 2016

This paper describes the experimental shear test of clinched connection of two sheet metal plates. The force-displacement characteristic was obtained using the set of six testing specimens. Also the properties of the clinched joint were identified and were used in the following work including simulation methods and calculations.
Testing of 3-Dimensional Stabilizing Elements for Protection of Slopes: Possibilities of In Situ Testing
Authors: Lidmila Martin , Prošek Zdeněk , Trejbal Jan , Nežerka Václav
Published: February 2016

The testing results obtained during investigation of 3D mat are presented in the article. The spatial mat is designed to provide a cheap, efficient and durable soil stabilization on slopes. The testing was focused on development of suitable methods to be used when assessing foil properties on-site. The tested samples were extracted from mats that were used for soil stabilization at the location of mine Nástup Tušimice (Company Severočeské doly, Czech Republic) and exposed to external environment and weathering for 2 years. The performance of the mats was compared with reference samples from unused mats stored for 2 years in laboratory conditions. The testing revealed that deterioration of the material is negligible over the period of 2 years.
The Experimental Determination of One-Axial Tensile Strength of the Textile Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Vogel Filip , Machovec Jan , Konvalinka Petr
Published: February 2016

This article deals with experimental testing of the textile reinforced concrete samples. The main topic of this article is determination ultimate tensile strength of the textile reinforced concrete. The testing samples were in form “dogbone” for good fixing in testing machine. There are 12 samples totally in experimental program. One type cement matrix and three types (difference in their weight 125 g/m2, 275 g/m2 and 500 g/m2) glass textile reinforcement were used for the production of samples. The textile reinforcement is made of alkali-resistant glass fibres. Three samples were made of cement matrix and nine samples were made of cement matrix reinforced textile reinforcement (three of each type of reinforcement). The samples were tested in special attachment in one-axial tensile. Experimental tests were controlled by speed of rate of deformation (0.0005 m/min). The textile reinforcement has very good influence to behaviour of the textile reinforced concrete in tensile stress.
Detection of Cracks on Small Specimens Based on Modal Analysis
Authors: Plachy Tomáš , Svoboda Tomáš , Tesárek Pavel , Polak Michal
Published: February 2016

The paper presents the detection and localization of the induced cracks on small specimens based on a modal analysis. The cracks were induced to cement specimens of dimensions 40 × 40 × 160 mm in three different positions. Their position was detected using different techniques based on natural mode shape changes between virgin and damage states of the specimen. The sensitivity of these techniques to the damage level and position was investigated, compared and then discussed in the conclusion.
An Experimental Analysis of the Real Dynamic Behavior and the Reliability Verification of an Existing Footbridge
Authors: Fanfulová Eva , Plachy Tomáš , Polak Michal
Published: February 2016

The investigated existing footbridge, on which the dynamic experimental analysis was concentrated, was built across Vltava River in Prague in 1984. Since putting into operation, the footbridge was apparently sensitive to dynamic excitation by passing pedestrians. Above that in the course of its existence the considerable part of the footbridge deck was overflowed by two great floods that happened in August 2002 and in June 2013. After the second flood, a visible damage on the footbridge deck was detected by a visual inspection. The described dynamic experiment was divided into two basic parts. The experimental modal analysis was carried out first and then the dynamic load test was realized. It was focused to the deck vibrations induced by different pedestrians groups. It was found out the footbridge deck vertical accelerations exceed the pedestrian comfort limit in some normal situations. On the basis of comparison between modes of natural vibrations, which were evaluated by the experimental modal analysis and the equivalent ones from previous dynamic experiments, it was validated that the discovered deck damage caused the partial variation of fundamental dynamic footbridge behavior.
Non-Destructive Measurement of Plastic Deformation under the Extreme Environments
Authors: Pernicová Radka , Zeman Jindřich
Published: February 2016

Measuring of the non-elastic deformation of wide range of materials under extreme environments, such as high temperature, underwater or lack of space, is described in this paper. Method, called Predictive Instant Defect Analysis of Constructions for short PIDAC, is based on precise indication of defined distance change between two points before and after loading. Distance is mechanical imprinted into an indication specimen and consequently measured by microscopy analysis. The technology solves not only problem of measuring plastic length deformations but also offers the capability of predicting catastrophic failure due to the breaking, tearing, or deforming of materials.
Composite Middle Lamella Hardness and Young’s Modulus of Artificial Dried Spruce Wood by Nanoindentation
Authors: Prošek Zdeněk , Topič Jaroslav , Tesárek Pavel , Nežerka Václav , Králik Vlastimil
Published: February 2016

The presented article deals with the influence of the drying process on the micro-mechanical properties of the composite middle lamella. The purpose of the composite middle lamella is to connecti individual cells. Micromechanical properties were obtained using nanoindentation and directly continuous stiffness measurement technique. Indentation modulus of tested samples was 11.45 GPa for natural dried wood and 12.51 GPa for artificial dried wood.
Experimental Verification of Vibration Reduction of the Steel Platform for Two Limestone Sorters
Authors: Šmejkal Jiří , Plánička František
Published: February 2016

The article deals with damping design for steel platform with sorters for limestone. The steel platform has very small damping for two vibration sorters. The sorters are situated in the third floor of old reinforced concrete frame building. The sorters (Fig. 1) are supported by rubber springs (Fig. 2), bud the rest energy from vibration of sorters excite the supporting platform. The response of the platform is unacceptable for both service people and for technology. Therefore vibration absorber for minimization of the response of the steel platform was developed
Locking Compression Plate for Distal Tibia Fractures
Authors: Theisz Gűnther , Frydrýšek Karel , Fojtík František , Pečenka Luboš , Kubín Tomáš , Sadilek Marek , Kratochvíl Jiří , Demel Jiří , Madeja Roman , Pleva Leopold
Published: February 2016

This article represents a multidisciplinary approach to biomechanics (engineering + medicine) in the field of distal tibia fractures. The objective of the present study was to carry out a strength and reliability assessment of a medial plate for the treatment of distal tibia fractures. This was performed via numerical modelling (FEM) and experimental methods (compression test and Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry – ESPI method). The plate is used for internal fixation in orthopaedics and traumatology. Analyses were performed for non-fused bone with comminuted fracture in the distal metaphysis (i.e. unsuccessful treatment, where all loads in the metaphysis are carried by the plate). An anatomical tibia model (based on CT images in Mimics software) was used for FE analysis. In the experiments, the bone was replaced with a shaped piece of spruce wood (based on Mimics software) and the plate was loaded until its failure (major plastic deformation). Numerical and experimental results were evaluated and compared.
Measurement of the Temperature and Pressure Characteristics of the Car Seats - Relationship between Humans
Authors: Martonka Rudolf , Fliegel Vítězslav
Published: February 2016

Research of the correlation of the biomechanical characteristic of a sitting human and car seat is based on measurements of several basic parameters, such as value of the area contact pressure, map of contact temperature, contact humidity, etc. So obtained map of surface each parameter which we can compare at a same time and so we can identify correlations between these parameters and biomechanical properties of human, e.g. human anatomy, the body forms, age, sex physique etc. Based on these analyzes is possible to optimize the levels of this parameters for obtaining the ideal seating comfort. The correlation between fatigue for the driver and sitting comfort is described in many publications dealing with this theme. However, a repeatability real experiment in a car is questionable [1]. It is therefore preferable to perform these measurements in the laboratory and simulate the same conditions as in moving car at a constant ambient temperature and humidity, with the same test persons. The most suitable is the use in the measurement of different types of car seats and various human.
Testing of Space Frames Made of Composite Materials
Authors: Potěšil Antonín , Lufinka Aleš , Horník Petr
Published: February 2016

Innovative development and production trends particularly in automotive and aerospace industries significantly influence also design of opening panels assemblies (doors, windows, stiffened panels etc.). New trends show that metal constructions of these modules will be gradually replaced by new material conceptions leading to hybrid plastic material-composite-metal constructions. This fact is logically reflected by methods and methodologies in testing, used both in pre-development, prototype and finally even in batch phase of the development and production. The main topic of the paper deals with presentation of several testing devices and used measurement methods for testing of qualitative parameters of rigidity and strength of both the whole module groups and their fundamental reinforcing components made of composite materials.
CFRP Fuselage Panel Behavior Monitoring Using Fibre Optic and Resistance Sensors and Optical Contactless Measurements
Authors: Růžek Roman , Kadlec Martin , Tserpes Konstantinos , Karachalios Evaggelos
Published: February 2016

The monitoring of stiffened composite panels behavior using resistance strain gauges (SG), fibre optic Bragg grating sensors (FOBG) and contactless optical measurements based on digital image correlation (DIC) principle is discussed in the paper. Both the panel structure and different load cases are specified. Mechanical tests include different load-scenarios like static and fatigue loading in compression of reference and impacted panels. The main reason of failure is buckling. The measurements taken from the sensors captured all changes in the buckling modes of the panel. Moreover, they showed a good correlation between FOBG and SG strain measurements.
An Experimental Analysis of Bending Behavior of Sandwich Constructions for Transport Industry
Authors: Fojtl Ladislav , Rusnáková Soňa , Žaludek Milan , Rusnák Vladimír
Published: February 2016

In this work the mechanical performance of various sandwich constructions with respect to core material were experimentally evaluated. Sandwich structures were made of glass prepreg and three types of plastic core using vacuum bagging, technology traditionally used for production of parts for transport industry. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of the core material type and its thickness on bending behavior at different environmental temperatures. Moreover, the effect of core layers compared to one layer core of same thickness was determined. Conducted research provided useful information of bending behavior and showed specific failure modes of individual sandwich constructions.
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Stress and Stick-Slip Effect of the Test Stand
Authors: Petrů Michal , Ševčík Ladislav , Srb Pavel , Kovář Radovan
Published: February 2016

Experimental and numerical analysis describes the design of noise removal effect of the friction pair of trapezoidal screw in a special device call Stick-Slip effect. Solution of the problems builds on previous measurements and testing sliding pairs, which was testing in last analysis. The pair worked in the special bath oil, its characteristics is that it does not support the mechanical lubrication. Measurements and calculations showed that it is necessary to enlarge the diameter for 32 kN load trapezoidal screw. This will reduce the contact pressure, which leads to polish the contact surfaces. You then slip together better and are not as easily stick slip effect.
Dynamic Pressure Measurement and Uncertainty Analysis Using a Piezoelectric Transducer for a Combustion Engine
Authors: Bąkowski Andrzej , Radziszewski Leszek , Žmindák Milan
Published: February 2016

This paper analyses the uncertainty of pressure measurements in-cylinder and in injection pipe conducted during the studies of a compression ignition engine. Type A and type B evaluations were used to determine the uncertainties of the results. The results are presented for the engine running on diesel or bio-fuel and operating under full load conditions. The results of normality tests provide grounds to reject H0 in some cases. Slightly lower standard uncertainty of the maximum pressure measurement calculated using type A evaluation were acquired for the engine running on bio-fuel.
Long-Term Measuring of Loadings in a Real Operation of Structures
Authors: Chmelko Vladimír , Šulko Miroslav
Published: February 2016

This article includes the brief analysis of the problems in area of long-time process loading measuring in service and also explains the processing of the measured strain state without re-calculation the strain into stress in detail and presents the results from the installed in-time monitoring system of the fatigue damage in a real operation of gas pipelines.
Torsional Characteristics Measurement of a Gearbox
Authors: Dub Martin , Berka Ondřej , Lopot František , Starý František , Dynybyl Vojtěch
Published: February 2016

Torsional characteristics of the gearboxes are important for kinematic and dynamic behaviour of the whole drive train, especially the resonances. Measured values are used as an input for further dynamic calculations. The measurement of the torsional stiffness and backlash is carried out. For this purpose the incremental rotary sensors and magnetic sensor of position are used. The results shown the behaviour of the torsional stiffness of the gearbox during loading. Furthermore the backlash of the gearbox is measured.
CANDIDA ASSOCIATED BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS IN PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY PATIENTS: SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Gurlek Gokcebay Dilek , Yarali Nese , Isik Pamir , Bayram Cengiz , Ozkaya-Parlakay Aslinur , Kara Abdurrahman , Tunç Bahattin
Published: February 2016

Background and Objectives: Candida-associated bloodstream infections are frequent and potentially life-threatening conditions in hematology patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the characteristics, risk factors, and outcome of Candida-associated bloodstream infections in children with hematological diseases at a children’s hospital.Methods: The medical records of the patients with hematological diseases and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients who were diagnosed as Candida-associated bloodstream infection between February 2010 and February 2014 were reviewed retrospectively.Results: Thirty episodes of candidemia involving 26 patients (38% female, and 62% male) with median age of 7 years (range; 1 to 17) were noted. Infections with non-albicans Candida spp. occurred more frequently (63%) and C. krusei was the predominant microorganism among non-albicans Candida spp. (37%). Candida albicans was isolated from 11 of the 30 episodes (37%). Twenty-three of the patients (88%) had central venous catheter (CVC) prior to candidemia, and they were removed in 16 of the 30 episodes (53%). Isolated Candida spp, underlying disease and status of the disease, presence of mucositis, neutropenia, using of broad spectrum antibiotics, corticosteroids or total parenteral nutrition were not identified as predictors of outcome. However patients whose CVCs had not been removed were more likely to die than those whose had been removed (54% vs. 6%, respectively; p=0.012).Conclusions: Candida-associated bloodstream infections in children with hematological diseases and HSCT recipients were common particularly in patients with CVCs. Beside appropriate antifungal therapy, CVC removal improves the outcome of candidemia in children with hematological disease.
Overcoming alienation in Africanising theological education
Authors: Naidoo Marilyn
Published: February 2016

Africanisation refers to a renewed focus on Africa, a reclaiming of what has been taken from Africa, and forms part of a post-colonialist and an anti-racist discourse. Africanising the curriculum involves developing scholarship and research established in African intellectual traditions. The idea is that this education will produce people who are not alienated from their communities and are sensitive to the challenges facing Africa. However, the idea of Africanisation is highly contested and may evoke a false or at least a superficial sense of ‘belonging,’ further marginalisation, or it may emphasise relevance. This article discusses the possibility of Africanisation and takes further the argument of Graham Duncan of how Africans can reclaim their voices in the space of theological education. It unpacks the idea of Africanisation within higher education in general, examining the rationale behind the calls for Africanisation, followed by a discussion on the implications of Africanisation for theological education.Keywords: Africanisation; theological education; transformation; Graham Duncan
The Carleson Measure Problem Between Analytic Morrey Spaces
Authors: Wang Jianfei
Published: February 2016

The purpose of this paper is to characterize positive measure μ on the unit disk such that the analytic Morrey space is boundedly and compactly embedded to the tent space

for the case 1 ≤ q ≤ p ∞ respectively. As an application, these results are used to establish the boundedness and compactness of integral operators and multipliers between analytic Morrey spaces.
La comunicación estratégica digital en las organizaciones públicas de Ecuador Estado actual y proyección
Authors: Granda Tandazo Carlos V. , Paladines Galarza Fanny Y. , Velásquez Benavides Andrea V.
Published: February 2016

En el estudio se analiza cómo la avalancha digital ha obligado a las organizaciones públicas ecuatorianas a plantear sus estrategias, para promover sus servicios e interactuar con los ciudadanos. Metodología: Se procedió a realizar una investigación no experimental, exploratoria y descriptiva, recabando información, a través, de una encuesta digital, aplicada a los responsables de comunicación de 52 instituciones públicas. Resultados: Los principales hallazgos se relacionan con la estructura de los departamentos de comunicación. La etapa en que las organizaciones públicas se encuentran en la construcción de la estrategia de Social Media. Las redes y recursos más utilizados. Las herramientas para medir efectividad, etc. Discusión: Lo anterior evidencia la necesidad de profesionalizar el manejo de Social Media y elevar al ámbito estratégico la relación con los ciudadanos. Conclusiones: Al final, encontramos la necesidad de generar una estrategia y estructura profesional, para que la actividad en las redes logre administrarse mejor.
Variations in the chemical composition of the submicron aerosol and in the sources of the organic fraction at a regional background site of the Po Valley (Italy)
Authors: Bressi M. , Cavalli F. , Belis C. A. , Putaud J.-P. , Fröhlich R. , Martins dos Santos S. , Petralia E. , Prévôt A. S. H. , Berico M. , Malaguti A. , Canonaco F.
Published: February 2016

Abstract. Fine particulate matter (PM) levels and resulting impacts on human health are in the Po Valley (Italy) among the highest in Europe. To build effective PM abatement strategies, it is necessary to characterize fine PM chemical composition, sources and atmospheric processes on long time scales (> months), with short time resolution (< day), and with particular emphasis on the predominant organic fraction. Although previous studies have been conducted in this region, none of them addressed all these aspects together. For the first time in the Po Valley, we investigate the chemical composition of non-refractory submicron PM (NR-PM1) with a time-resolution of 30 minutes at the regional background site of Ispra during one full year, using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) under the most up-to-date and stringent quality assurance protocol. The identification of the main components of the organic fraction is made using the Multilinear-Engine 2 algorithm implemented within the latest version of the SoFi toolkit. In addition, with a view of a potential implementation of ACSM measurements in European air quality networks as a replacement of traditional filter-based techniques, parallel multiple off-line analyses were carried out to assess the performance of the ACSM in the determination of PM chemical species regulated by Air Quality Directives. The annual NR-PM1 level monitored at the study site (14.2 µg/m3) is among the highest in Europe, and is even comparable to levels reported in urban areas like New York City (USA, 14.2 µg/m3) and Tokyo (Japan, 12–15 µg/m3). On the annual basis, submicron particles are primarily composed of organic aerosol (OA, 58 % of NR-PM1). This fraction was apportioned into oxygenated OA (OOA, 66 %), hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA, 11 % of OA), and biomass burning OA (BBOA, 23 %). Among the primary sources of OA, biomass burning (23 %) is thus bigger than fossil fuel combustion (11 %). Significant contributions of aged secondary organic aerosol (OOA) are observed throughout the year. The unexpectedly high degree of oxygenation estimated during wintertime is probably due to the contribution of secondary BBOA and the enhancement of aqueous phase production of OOA during cold months. BBOA and nitrate are the only components of which contributions increase with the NR-PM1 levels. Therefore, biomass burning and NOx emission reductions would be particularly efficient in limiting submicron aerosol pollution events. Abatement strategies conducted during cold seasons appear to be more efficient than annual-based policies. In a broader context, further studies using high-time resolution analytical techniques on a long-term basis for the characterization of fine aerosol should help better shape our future air quality policies, which constantly need refinement.
Sea Ice Deformation in a Coupled Ocean-Sea Ice Model and in Satellite Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Spreen Gunnar , Kwok Ron , Menemenlis Dimitris , Nguyen An T.
Published: February 2016

Abstract. A realistic representation of sea ice deformation in models is important for accurate simulation of the sea ice mass balance. In this study, model ice strength sensitivity experiments show an increase in Arctic Basin sea ice volume of 7 % and 35 % for a decrease in ice strength of, respectively, 30 % and 70 %, after 8 years of model integration. This volume increase is caused by a combination of dynamic and thermodynamic processes. On the one hand, a weaker ice cover initially produces more ice due to increased deformation and new ice growth. The thickening of the ice, on the other hand, increases the ice strength and decreases the sea ice volume export out of the Arctic Basin. The balance of these processes leads to a new equilibrium Arctic Basin ice volume. Simulated sea ice deformation strain rates from model simulations with 4.5, 9, and 18-km horizontal grid spacing are compared with synthetic aperture radar satellite observations (RGPS). All three model simulations can reproduce the large-scale ice deformation patterns but they do not reproduce all aspects of the observed deformation rates. The overall sea ice deformation rate is about 50 % lower in all model solutions than in the satellite observations, especially in the seasonal sea ice zone. Small scale sea ice deformation and linear kinematic features are not adequately reproduced. A decrease in model grid spacing, however, produces a higher density and more localized ice deformation features. Overall, the 4.5-km simulation produces the lowest misfits in divergence, vorticity, and shear when compared with RGPS data. Not addressed in this study is whether the differences between simulated and observed deformation rates are an intrinsic limitation of the viscous-plastic sea ice rheology that was used in the sensitivity experiments, or whether it indicates a lack of adjustment of existing model parameters to better represent these processes. Either way, this study provides new quantitative metrics for existing and new sea ice rheologies to strive for.
La estructura emocional del mensaje publicitario en radio
Authors: Mas Manchón Lluís
Published: February 2016

La publicidad radiofónica sufre una evidente crisis de creatividad al no haber encontrado su acomodo en un modelo de radio basado en la locución y el género informativo. Este artículo plantea la necesidad de utilizar la ruta periférica o heurística para captar y mantener la atención del receptor. En este marco, se propone la narrativa y la escenificación dramática como técnica persuasiva eficaz. El objetivo es diseñar una herramienta conceptual que pueda ser útil para idear una narración sonora al servicio de una determinada estrategia comercial. En primer lugar, se hace una revisión del poder persuasivo de la narración según las posibilidades del código sonoro. En segundo lugar, se desarrollan las claves escénicas y publicitarias (marca, producto, ventaja, beneficio y target) del mensaje sonoro. Y en tercer lugar, estas claves se incorporan en un modelo cuyo funcionamiento es pretestado mediante ocho casos de diferentes cuñas.
Los programas deportivos de la radio española en las redes sociales: estudio comparado del periodo 2010-2015
Authors: Iglesias Rodríguez Carla , Herrero Gutiérrez Francisco Javier
Published: February 2016

Las redes sociales se han ido convirtiendo en un escaparate a través del que los medios de comunicación pueden promocionarse. Al igual que otros muchos medios, las emisoras radiofónicas han hecho un uso de las redes sociales para autopromocionarse mejor y, en ocasiones, mantener una mayor retroalimentación con sus radioyentes. Pero no todos los programas hacen el mismo uso y no . En este artículo, se analiza la consolidación en las redes sociales de los principales programas deportivos radiofónicos en España. Mediante un análisis comparado entre los años 2010 y 2015, a lo largo del texto se trata de observar la evolución de los mencionados programas, a la par que establecer comparativas entre los seguidores que dichos programas tienen en las redes sociales y su número de oyentes según el Estudio General de Medios.
Instigating social change: Translating feminism in the Arab world and India
Authors: Alsharekh Alanoud
Published: February 2016

The most common accusation levelled at those working in gender studies in the Arab world is tied to the fact that they are commonly viewed as dealing with a “Western” concept; corrupting the cultural and traditional value system of the Arabo-Islamic heritage of the region. Linguistic resistance to this field is an obvious impediment to its progression, with a range of dissatisfactory and often conflicted terminology meant to distance the language from the very concept of feminism:Nassawiyar Unthawiya, both alien-sounding and cumbersome. Engaging in the act of translation in a linguistic and cultural vacuum means that the translator becomes an active agent in developing and shaping concepts associated with Feminism, while simultaneously conveying the social and moral values that are associated with the quest for female empowerment in the West. This same burden of shaping concepts and creating them while actively engaging in the act of translation was faced by Indian translators of feminism and those working in the field of gender studies beforehand. This paper will attempt to look at the experience of the importance of translation in the field of gender studies in the developing world and the similar hurdles and triumphs that were experienced by those working in the field in India and in the Arab Middle East.
Pakistani Government Secondary Schools Students’ Attitudes towards Communicative Language Teaching and Grammar Translation in Quetta, Balochistan
Authors: Muhammad Zeeshan
Published: February 2016

Students’ attitudes towards an English language teaching approach play an important role for its implementation success or failure. This study measured Pakistani government school students’ attitudes towards Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and Grammar Translation (GT). A survey instrument was used to assess students’ attitudes. Data were collected from students at two government secondary schools located in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. A total of 204 students (102 females and 102 males) participated in this present study. Overall, students showed favorable attitudes towards CLT. In contrast, students showed either less favorable attitudes or a neutral stance towards GT. Finally, this study suggests that policy makers consider adopting or adapting CLT to teach English in the aforementioned schools. Recommendations for future research are also suggested.
Dermoscopic findings in a collision tumor composed of a dermatofibroma and a melanocytic nevus mimicking melanoma
Authors: Marcucci Carolina , Sabban Emilia Cohen , Friedman Paula , Peralta Rosario , Marull Ricardo Sánchez , Cabo Horacio
Published: February 2016

Collision tumors consist of two different neoplasms occurring concurrently in the same lesion. This association has been described for both benign and malignant neoplasms that may be difficult to identify. Therefore, dermoscopy is a valuable tool to make a correct diagnosis. We report a very unusual collision tumor composed of both a dermatofibroma and a melanocytic nevus mimicking melanoma.
Underneath the "apple jelly"
Authors: Mendes-Bastos Pedro , Oliveira André , Fernandes Cândida
Published: February 2016

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Eccrine synringofibroadenoma (ESFA): a report of two cases
Authors: Temnithkul Bhakinai , Jerasutus Suthep , Sudtikoonaseth Poonnawis , Voravutinon Nataya , Kootiratrakarn1 Tanawatt , Kattipathananpong Pinnaree
Published: February 2016

Eccrine syringofibroadenomas is typically a benign rare neoplasm. Eccrine syringofibroadenomas (ESFA) originates from or is differentiating toward the acrosyringium or eccrine dermal duct. Histologically, there are multiple anastomosing cords of benign epithelial cells surrounded by a loose fibrovascular stroma. The epithelial cords demonstrate ductal differentiation. Occasional luminal eccrine ducts are noted within the anastomosing cords. The authors describe two cases with different subtypes of ESFA, a solitary ESFA and a reactive ESFA with squamous cell carcinoma.