bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intervention of Specific Nutrition and Sensitive Nutrition with Nutritional Status of Under Two-Year Infants in Family Planning Village as Efforts to Face the Demographic Bonus
Authors: Migang Yena Wineini , Rarome Maria Julin , Heriteluna Marselinus , Dawam M
Published: October 2020

KB Village, through the family development program for children under five years (ttoddler) participated involved interventions of sensitive nutrition and specific nutrition. The purpose of this study is to see the role of the KB village in preventing stunting in toddlers (children under five years) and to find the dominant factors that influence it. The research design is cross sectional with 85 samples of under two-year infants (baduta), the mothers, 5 of KB Villages in Palangka Raya and 2 of KB Villages in East Barito Regency (Bartim). The study is conducted from June to October 2018. Statistical analysis using chi square (α = 5%) with the results of the test ρ 0.02 <α 0.05 that there is a relationship of intervention programs of sensitive nutrition and specific nutrition with the nutritional status of children under five years (toddler). The dominant factor in the nutritional status of under two-year infants (baduta) is exclusive breastfeeding with a value of ρ 0.012 <0.05, RR = 6.702 (95% CI 1.518-29.579), mother’s education ρ 0.001 <0.05, RR 5.281 (95% CI 1.970-14.158). There is a need for family development programs for children under five years and adolescence in implementing intervention programs of sensitive nutrition and specific nutrition, collaborating with the community, managing records and reporting based on success indicators, partnering with policy holders and community empowerment.
Galectin-9 regulates HTR8/SVneo function via JNK signaling
Authors: Li Mengdie , Peng Xiandong , Qian Jinfeng , Sun Fengrun , Chen Chunqin , Wang Songcun , Zhang Jianping , Du Meirong
Published: October 2020

To obtain a successful pregnancy, trophoblasts must provide a physical barrier, suppress maternal reactivity, produce immunosuppressive hormones locally, and enhance the production of blocking factors that are able to bind to several antigenic sites. Inadequate placental perfusion has been closely associated with several pregnancy-associated diseases. Galectin-9 (Gal-9) has a wide variety of regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immunity during infection, tumor growth, and organ transplantation. We utilized immortalized human first-trimester extravillous trophoblast cells (HTR8/SVneo) for our functional study and examined the effects of Gal-9 on apoptosis, cytokine production and angiogenesis of HTR8/SVneo cells. Gal-9 inhibited the apoptosis and IFN-γ and IL-17A production, promoted IL-4 production, and coordinated the crosstalk between HTR8/SVneo cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells via its interaction with Tim-3. Blockade of JNK signaling inhibited Gal-9 activities in HTR8/SVneo cells. In addition, we detected a correlation between low levels of Gal-9 and spontaneous abortion. So Gal-9 could inhibit the apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokine expression, and promote the angiogenesis and IL-4 production in HTR8/SVneo cells via Tim-3 in a JNK dependent manner to help the maintenance of normal pregnancy. These findings possibly identify Gal-9 as a key regulator of trophoblast cells and suggest its potential as a biomarker and target for the treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss.
La cultura en un mundo global: ¿uniformización o diversificación?
Authors: Briceño Linares Ybelice
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo se discute en torno a los cambios culturales que han traído consigo los procesos de globalización, revisando la disyuntiva homogenización-diversificación que ha dominado el debate en este terreno. Para ello, a lo largo del artículo se examinan las transformaciones que la expansión del capitalismo global provoca en los marcos culturales, representaciones y formas de consumo simbólico, y se revisan las posturas en las que se plantea que estamos frente a un proceso de diversificación cultural gracias al intercambio intensivo de mensajes y a los flujos de personas, así como aquellas en las que se afirma que la concentración de la producción y distribución de bienes simbólicos en grandes corporaciones empobrece los imaginarios y reduce la riqueza de los marcos culturales. La intención de esta reflexión es identificar los límites de dicha disyuntiva, con miras a avanzar hacia modelos interpretativos más complejos, acordes con la heterogeneidad de los fenómenos en curso en el mundo contemporáneo.
Pensamiento crítico como lo vive un estudiante: un acercamiento fenomenológico
Authors: Prieto Galindo Fredy Hernán
Published: October 2020

Nowadays, the goal of teaching students to think critically seems ubiquitous in educational discourses worldwide. It is often said that if students develop this kind of thinking, they will be able to participate more aptly in social and democratic life because they could examine their thoughts and reasons and thus make better decisions. Such discourse has given rise to countless studies on the critical thinking levels of students and teachers in various areas of knowledge. On the contrary, little has been investigated regarding the very experience of thinking critically, that is, a phenomenological research about what a person experiences while exercising critical thinking. To respond to this lack of investigation, this article intends to present a phenomenological-hermeneutic description of the critical thinking experience developed as part of a phenomenological research. The relevant question in this paper is how do students experience critical thinking?
Sexual Misconduct: Are You Aware?
Authors: Russ Anne C. , Mansell Jamie L. , Moffit Dani M.
Published: October 2020

Sexual misconduct, a continuum of unwanted acts and behaviors that ranges from discrimination to assault, is a growing concern in health care. There is often a power dynamic involved, with the perpetrator having greater positional power than the victim. Both health care providers and educators in health care programs need to be aware of sexual misconduct.  This includes using consent when working with a patient and/or student as wells as being sensitive to how varying contextual factors impact how actions and conversations are received. Schools and programs have a responsibility to educate individuals on prevention and recognition of sexual misconduct, reporting sexual misconduct, and responding to sexual misconduct.
The Effect of Periodontal and Peri-Implanter Health on IL-1β and TNF-α Levels in Gingival Crevicular and Peri-Implanter Sulcus Fluid: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gündoğar Hasan , Uzunkaya Meral
Published: October 2020

It is stated that peri-implanter diseases have destructive effects similar to periodontal diseases. This study aims to compare IL-1β and TNF-α levels in healthy and diseased areas. Forty non-smokers systemically health individuals (40 implants/40 teeth) (age:38-67) were included in the study. In clinical and radiographic examinations; plaque index (PIn), gingival index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and marginal bone loss (MBL) values were recorded. The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implanter sulcus fluids (PISF) of the patients were collected, and IL-1β and TNF-α levels were measured by ELISA in the samples. The collected data were analyzed with the help of SPSS v.22 package program. Sample PPD score showed a statistically significant difference between the diseased and healthy groups and also sample CAL showed statistically significant higher in Periodontitis(P) compared to periodontally heathy(H) and Gingivitis(G) (p>0.05). IL-1beta and TNF-α levels in GCF/PISF; In the P and Peri-implantitis (PI) group, it was found statistically significantly higher than the H, Healthy-Implant (HI), besides P showed higher levels compared to G (p<0.05). Within the limitations of our study, it can be said that IL-1β and TNF-α among inflammatory cytokines in GCF/PISF will increase in periodontal and peri-implanter diseases, it can also be said that this increase in cytokines may indicate that periodontal and peri-implanter diseases have similar immunological structure. Peri-implant mucositis without periodontitis history has similarity to peri-implantitis and periodontitis in terms of IL-1β and TNF-α levels in GCF/PISF.
Efecto tóxico del DDT, dordano yagua de la presa Ignacio Ramírez (México), sobre Daphnia magna (Crustacea: Daphnidae)
Authors: Martínez-Tabche Laura , Romero Solís Martha , López López Eugenia , Galar Martínez Marcela
Published: October 2020

Actualmente en México son empleados los plaguicidas diclorodifeniltric\oroetano (DDT) y cJordano (CLO) para combatir la malaria y termitas. De 1 990 a 1 996 ur: total de 27 ton de DDT y 508 de CLO, en forma de productos técnicos, fueron importados. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer una metodología para determinar el impacto ambiental que pueden producir estos compuestos sobre un embalse. El efecto tóxico del DDT y CLO fue evaluado sobre la actividad de la o-demetilasa (OD) y del acetilcolinesterasa (AchA) del cladócero Daphnia magna al exponerla a diferentes concentraciones de los insecticidas disueltos en el agua de tres sitios de la presa Ignacio Ramírez (PIR). El efecto del agua contaminada con los insecticidas sobre la actividad de la AChA y OD, así como la CL50. fueron utilizadas como indicadores de exposición para determinar los lugares más contaminadas de la PIR. Las características fisicoquímicas del agua así como la biodiversidad de los sitios en estudio de la presa fueron considerados. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la estación cercana a la compuerta exhibe un potencial de toxicidad, ya que las actividades enzimáticas fueron modificadas. Se sugiere utilizar las actividades de AchA y OD del cladócero para evaluar la toxicidad de un cuerpo de agua contaminado por insecticidas organoclorados.
Número floral, clima, densidad pobladonai de Xylocopa spp. (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) y polinización del maracuyá (Passiflora edulis f flavicarpa)
Authors: Da Silva Mairon M , Bruckner Claudio H , Picanco Marcelo , Molina-Rugama Adrián J
Published: October 2020

La influencia del número de flores en la antesis del maracuyá (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) y de los factores climáticos sobre la actividad polinizad ora y densidad poblacional de las abejas del género Xylocopa fue estudiada en condiciones de campo. El menor porcentaje de formación de frutos (14.3%) se observó cuando había menos de 0.8 flores en la antesis/m linear de "soporte". Entre 0.8 y 1.2 flores en antesis/m linear de "soporte" se observó aumento en el porcentaje de frutos formados y en el número de visitas por parte de la abeja. Con más de 1.2 flores en la antesis/m linear de "soporte", hubo menor porcentaje de frutos formados en función del número de visitas de la abeja. La mayor densidad de Xylocopa spp. (49abejas/halbora) se observó entre las 14: 00 y 15: 00 hr cuando los factores climáticos como la temperatura, la humedad relativa del ,aire y la insolación obtuvieron valores en torno 'de 26 ·C, 55% y 0.56, respectivamente, Temperatura y humedad relativa del aire arriba de esos valores redujeron la densidad de Xylocopa spp., mientras que con mayor insolación fue verificado aumento en la misma.
Aporte de hojarasca y renovación foliar del manglar en un sistema estuarino del Sureste de México
Authors: Barreiro-Güemes Ma Teresa
Published: October 2020

Los patrones de producción de hoj arasca fueron estudiados en Pom-Atasta, un sistema estuarino asociado á la Laguna de Términos Campeche, México. Se seleccionaron cuatro rodales de manglar, contrastantes por sus condiciones de influencia de marea. Se colocaron al azar diez trampas en cada sitio para la colecta de hojarasca, estas fueron revisadas a intervalos mensuales durante un ciclo anual (1995-96). El material recolectado fue clasificado, secado y pesado. La floración de Avicennia germinans se presentó desde junio hasta septiembre; Rhizapllara mangle presentó flores e hipocotilos
Nematofauna asociada a la zona urbana de la bahía de Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Navarrete Alberto De Jesús , Herrera Gómez Jaqueline
Published: October 2020

En julio y diciembre de 1995 se recolectaron sedimentos en  5 estaciones distribuidas en cinco transectos en la bahía de Chetumal. Los sedimentos fueron, en su mayoría arena fina y mediana, con un máximo de 1 5. 6 2% de materia orgánica. En junio se recolectaron 2 239 organismos pertenecientes a 20 familias y 37 géneros, en diciembre se obtuvieron 1 426 nematodos que se ubicaron en 21 familias y 35 géneros. Neotonchoides. Desmodora. Bathylaimus. Pseudochromadora. Desmolaimus. Chromadorina y Steineria fueron los generos más abundantes. El transecto 3 en ambas temporadas fue el de mayor abundancia y riqueza, con 957 y 744 individuos y 28 Y 25 géneros respectivamente. La menor abundancia ocurrió en el transecto 1 con 48 individuos y 6 géneros. La diversidad osciló entre 0. 53 y 2. 53 beles/ind. En general existe una homogeneidad en la composición de géneros en la bahía, aunque es notorio que muchos géneros considerados estrictamente marinos estén representados en aguas salobres, lo que muestra su capacidad de adaptación.
Nauplii production of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda: Penaeidae), on-board of commercial trawlers
Authors: Medina-Reyna Carlos E , Beltrán-González Miguel H , Salinas-Orta Hector T
Published: October 2020

Los laboratorios no han logrado producir suficientes nauplios de buena calidad por lo que sigue siendo necesario recolectar hembras maduras en alta mar. Sin embargo, no siempre se recolectan hembras en la condición inseminada. En este estudio, se evaluó la recolecta de hembras y producción de nauplios abordo de un barco camaronero durante un viaje comercial como una alternativa para el larvicultivo de Litopenaeus vannamei en el Golfo de Tehuantepec. Se efectuaron arrastres en la tarde hasta el anochecer. El mejor tiempo de arrastre fue de 20 rnin y produjo una captura media de 37 ± 8 camarones adultos con una sobrevivencia de 72 ± 3 %. Se observaron desoves desde las 11:00 PM hasta las 02:00 AM, con un máximo a las 12:00 PM. Se siguieron " 14 desoves en cinco días, durante los cuales se produjeron 2.2 x 106 nauplios con una tasa media de fertilidad y de eclosión de 83 y 75 %, respectivamente. Este trabajo presenta una técnica que puede proveer de simientes para el larvicultivo a partir de los productos reproductivos de camarones capturados por la flota camaronera comercial.
Anomuros (Anomura) del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo-Los Frailes y alrededores, Golfo de California
Authors: García-Madrigal María Del Socorro
Published: October 2020

El análisis de los fragmentos del coral Pocillopora elegans recolectados en siete campañas de rnuestreo durante 1988 y 1989 resultó en 57 ejernplares de anornuros, identificándose pueve especies de la familia Porcellanidae y una especie de Diogenidae, de los cuales tres especies son nuevos registros para el área. Para la zona había 22 especies de anomuros registradas; ahora hay 25 especies repartidas en cuatro familias. Porcellanidae contiene el rnayor número de especies (15), seguida por Diogenidae (7), Hippidae (2) y Coenobitidae (1). Las especies rnás abundantes fueron Megalobrachium tuberculipes (20 ejernplares), Petrolisthes edwardsii (9) y P. hirtispinosus (7). Sólo Hippa pacifica (4%) presenta distribución lndopacífica, el resto se distribuye en áreas rnás restringidas del Pacífico oriental tropical y subtropical. Cuatro especies son endémicas de la provincia cortesiana (16%). Las especies de anornuros de este arrecife y sus alrededores representan el 21 % de todas las especies registradas para la región del golfo de California, costa occidental de Baja California Sur, áreas costeras de Nayarit, Sinaloa y zona económica exclusiva de estos estados.
A solitary mud-daubing wasp, Brachymenes dyscherus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) fron Brazil with evidence of a life-cyde polyphenism
Authors: Camillo Evandro
Published: October 2020

Nests ( n=60 ) of a solitary mud-daubing wasp, Brachymenes dyscherus were conected at Fazenda Santa Carlota, Cajuru, Sao Paulo, Brazil ín 1995 and 1996 . The multi-celled mud nests were constructed on the interior walls of abandoned houses in dry and shaded places. Nests were composed of 1 to 4 layers with cens constructed in two paralle! series. The number of cens per nest ranged from 3 to 62. Cells containing prey (larvae of Lepidoptera) numbered fram 4 to 29. B. dyscherus is a uniyoltíne species. Adults emerge from September to December, and nesting talces place at the beginning of the following year; however, the developmental period for some immatures with proloFlged diapause l3.Sted up to 596 days. The total duration of immature stages n nests collected in 1996 was less for males than for females. The sex ratio for the total populatíon was 1 . 5 males: 1 female with males emerging earher than females. A life table was constructed, and details of lhe life cycle of the wasps and parasitoids are presented. The mos! common mOl1ality factors were either endogenous or due 10 Melittobia sp. (Eulophidae) .
El género Leptonema (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) en Costa Rica, con la descripción de una nueva especie
Authors: Muñoz-Quesada Fernando
Published: October 2020

El género Leptonema Guérin 1 843 (Hydropsychidae: Macronematinae) es uno de los géneros de Trichoptera más abundantes y más ampliamente distribuidos en el Nuevo Mundo. En Costa Rica son conocidas 24 especies. El presente trabajo incluye la descripción e ilustración del genital del macho de una especie no descrita para Costa Rica: Leptonema tica. Además de la descripción diagnóstica y ilustración de la larva, se incorporan las descripciones diagnósticas e ilustraciones del phallus de los machos de las otras 24 especies. Anotaciones de la historia natural del adulto y la larva del género son ine cluidas. Finalmente, se incluyen una clave de identificación en inglés y español de las especies conocidas de Leptonema para Costa Rica y se ilustran sus registros de distribución en Costa Rica
Diet of Agonostomus monticola (Pisces: MugHidae) in the Río Ayuquila, Sierra de Manantlán Biosphel'c Reserve, México
Authors: Torres-Navarro Claudia Isela , Lyons John
Published: October 2020

Se cuantificó la dieta del pez Agonostomus montícola en 1990 en México. La dieta es oportunista e incluyó 32 familias de animales y nueve de plantas, pero dominó el alimento de origen animal, especialmente en individuos de 151-300 mm de longitud.
Diferenciación alimentaria entre los sexos de Glossophaga soricina (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) en México
Authors: Alvarez Tícul , Sánchez-Casas Nansy
Published: October 2020

Se estudian las diferencias alimentarias del murciélago Glossophaga soricina en México. Las diferencias individuales y sexuales fueron analizadas en 238 contenidos estomacales de diversas localidades y fechas de recolecta. Las muestras fueron clasificadas en nueve grupos considerando estos dos factores. En la diferenciación individual (analizada solo en hembras) se identificó una planta dominante por localidad con algunas excepciones, lo que nos sugiere ciertas preferencias individuales u oportunismo. Para las diferencias sexuales se aplico una prueba "Gw" (con corrección de Williams), cuatro grupos de murciélagos muestran marcadas diferencias, otros cuatro grupos tienen diferencias menores y en un grupo la dieta de las hembras y los machos es similar.
Fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Santa Catarina Island, BrazH: patterns of occurrence
Authors: Cortés Lopes Benedito , Gordon Fowler Harold
Published: October 2020

A taxonomic survey on fungus-growing ants (Attini) was made at 14 beaches on Santa Catarina Island (SC), Brazil. The samplings were manual, in soil or Iitterfall, in the following habitats: sandy beach, herbaceous vegetation and shrubby vegetation. From 12 species of Attini (ten of Acromynnex Mayr and two of Cyphomyrmex Mayr), the most frequent were Cyphomynnex morschi Emery and Acromynnex crassispinus Forel, collected, respectively, on eight and ten of the monitored beaches. Altogether, Sorensen's simílarity coefficients were hígh (range: 0.59-0.80), in spite of the lower numbers of ant species on sandy beaches.
Enfermedad de. Lafora y efecto fundador en una pequeña localidad neotropical
Authors: Solís María Virginia
Published: October 2020

La enfermedad de Lafora es una condición genética infrecuente. Cuatro casos (dos familias) fueron detectados en ZarceTo, una pequeña localidad de Costa Rica (población bajo'2000). Ellos pertenecieron a dos matrimonios consanguíneos y ambas familias tenían ancestros comunes. El diagnóstico de Enfermedad de Lafora fue confirmado por medio de una biopsia de hígado en uno de los pacientes. Las edades de aparición fueron 13, 14, 16 Y 17 años. Los pacientes murieron después de cuatro, nueve, seis y cinco años de deterioro físico y mental severo, respectivamente. El gen de la enfermedad de Lafora llegó a Zarcero a partir de uno de sus fundadores. No han habido informes de otros casos en Costa Rica: este es un ejemplo de deriva genética, específicamente el efecto fundador.
Distribución espacial y temporal de la salinidad en la columna de agua del sector estuarino del Humedal Nacional Térraba Sierpe, Costa Rica
Authors: Picado Barboza Jorge
Published: October 2020

El análisis de la salinidad durante tres campañas de monitoreo (2002-2004, 2005-2008 y 2011-2012), permite establecer que el sector estuarino del HNTS se divide en una zona norte con una fuerte influencia del Río Grande de Térraba y características de un estuario parcialmente mezclado durante el periodo de caudales bajos (diciembre-abril), mientras que se asemeja a un estuario estratificado de cuña salina durante los caudales intermedios (mayo-agosto) y caudales altos (setiembre-noviembre). La zona central, con una mayor influencia marina, presenta características de un estuario bien mezclado o verticalmente homogéneo, mientras que la zona sur del estuario, bajo la influencia del Río Sierpe, se mantiene parcialmente mezclado a lo largo del año. Los primeros siete kilómetros aguas abajo de Ciudad Cortés presentaron una condición fluvial muy bien definida con salinidades inferiores a 1ups, a partir del kilómetro 14 se observa un incremento gradual de los valores de salinidad hasta 30ups hacia la desembocadura, reflejando una mayor influencia de las mareas en este último tramo (F1,47=2.5, p<0.001). El eventual desarrollo del Proyecto Hidroeléctrico El Diquís podría ocasionar un incremento en el aporte de agua dulce entre un 82 y 66% de los valores mínimos promedio y máximos promedio sobre la zona norte del sector estuarino del HNTS durante el periodo de caudales bajos, lo cual generaría condiciones semejantes a las registradas durante el periodo de caudales intermedios. El monitoreo de las relaciones entre los aspectos físicos-químicos y biológicos es esencial para entendimiento de los posibles cambios en el sector estuarino del HNTS.
Profundulus chimalapensis, una nueva especie de pez ciprinodóntido (Cyprinodontiformes: Profundulidae) del Río Coatzacoalcos, México
Authors: Del Moral Flores Luis Fernando
Published: October 2020

Profundulus chimalapensis, una nueva especie de ciprinodóntido (Cyrpinodontiformes: Profundulidae) del Río Coatzacoalcos, México. Introducción. La familia Profundulidae es representante de la ictiofauna neotropical del orden Cyprinodontiformes, se considera endémica de la región Mesoamericana. Está representada por los géneros Tlaloc y Profundulus. Objetivo: En este trabajo se describe una nueva especie, Profundulus chimalapensis sp. nov., endémica de México. Métodos: Se recolectaron ejemplares en los tributarios de la Cuenca superior del Río Coatzacoalcos, los cuales se depositaron en colecciones de referencia. Se obtuvieron las medidas corporales y merística correspondientes, así mismo una muestra fue diafanizada y teñida para el análisis de su morfología esquelética. Resultados: La nueva especie se diferencia de sus congéneres por tener los siguientes caracteres: 13 radios en la aleta dorsal, 16 radios anales y 15 pectorales; banda de color oscuro en los costados; aleta anal con un margen distal claro; margen anterior y posterior del proceso alveolar del premaxilar cóncavo; procesos epióticos cortos y anchos. Conclusión: Se describe una nueva especie de Profundulus con distribución restringida a la vertiente atlántica del Istmo de Tehuantepec.
The Elevation does not strongly influence interspecific variation in body size of small Tropical endotherms
Authors: Murillo-García Oscar E. , De la vega Maria E. , Pérez-Castillo Katherine
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Body size is an essential trait for endotherms to face the physiological requirements of cold, so there is a tendency to large body size at high altitudes and latitudes, known as Bergmann's rule. However, the validity of this ecomorphological rule to small-bodied endotherms across altitudinal gradients is poorly known. Objective: To understand the effects of environmental variation on body size, we assessed whether interspecific variation in body size of small tropical endotherms follows Bergmann's rule along tropical altitudinal gradients. Methods: We compiled data on elevational ranges and body masses for 133 species of hummingbirds of Colombia. We then assessed the association between body mass and mid-point of the altitudinal distribution using phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) analyses under different evolutionary models. Results: We found a decelerating rate of evolution for body size since the Early Burst model of evolution provided a better fit to body mass data. For elevational range, we found a slow and constant rate since Pagel's lambda model provided a better fit to the mid-point of the altitudinal distribution data. Besides, phylogenetic regression analysis indicated that body mass and the altitudinal range of hummingbirds are associated through the phylogeny, with a positive but slight association (R2= 0.036). Conclusions: We found that body mass and altitude of hummingbirds are positively related, which is in agreement with expectations under Bergmann's rule. However, this association was weaker than expected for small and non-passerine birds like hummingbirds. Thus, our results suggest that environmental changes across altitudinal gradients do not strongly influence body mass in small tropical endotherms as hummingbirds.
Bibliometrics of Vietnam Publications in the Science Citation Index: general trends and comparison with other tropical countries
Authors: Thị Nha Trang Nguyễn , Monge-Nájera Julián , Ho Yuh-Shan
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The economy of Vietnam, a highly populated tropical country with a per capita gross domestic product of $ 8 000, is growing rapidly, but there are few recent studies of general scope about its scientific productivity and how it compares with other tropical countries. Objective: To identify trends in Vietnamese science and compare them with trends in other tropical countries. Methods: We extracted data about scientific papers, in all disciplines that had Vietnam as country in the Science Citation Index Expanded for the period 1991 to 2018, focusing on type of publication, language, subject, authorship, collaboration, , and citations. Results: Vietnam publishes more document types than other tropical countries, and those in this particular database are mostly in English, albeit most Vietnamese science is published in Vietnamese and not covered by the index. The primary categories were multidisciplinary materials science, mathematics, and applied mathematics. Most collaboration was done with the USA, Japan, South Korea, and France. A large number of articles were published by the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, and the most frequent foreign collaboration was with University of Oxford. Conclusion: the tropical countries of Latin America, Africa, and Asia studied in our project have some similarities but also crucial differences. Science is developing rapidly in Vietnam and the production of articles in Vietnamese, which represent the vast majority of research in the country but is not included in this database, should also be studied.
On Word Order in the Vulgate 3: Discontinuities in the Order of Noun and Modifier1
Authors: Hoffmann Roland
Published: October 2020

The following study will show that in the Vulgate there are far from few discontinuous orders present without any indication in the Hebrew text. These instances include the following patterns: first many examples whose intermediate area is constituted by particles connecting the sentence. They have already been partly coined in the Septuagint, but also, especially in the case of quoque, formed by Jerome to avoid the simple combination of the original and the Greek version. In cases when other words stand in the intermediate area Jerome, even in poetical texts, finds new ways to emphasize the first element of a hyperbaton. Similarly, he often resorts to this method in original texts.
LA distribution et la signification de is, ille et ipse dans les Sermons de Saint CÉsaire d'arles Concordance et discordance avec la norme « classique »
Authors: Joffre Marie-Dominique
Published: October 2020

Does the system of anaphorics and deictics already change in the first part of sixth century? In this study we have examined the uses of is, ille and ipse in a few of the Admonitiones of Caesarius Arelatensis. The data have been compared with these of Cicero's Pro Milone. Caesarius uses all the forms, but we note that ille is more frequent. This deictic is expanding to the detriment of is. Also it appears that the use as attributive adjective is much less frequent in Caesarius than in Cicero. What is the reason why the use of ille will develop in late common Latin? The meaning of this deictic is very extensive: it points out to a breaking, an innovation or an opposition. It's true when the speaker continues to say words he hopes he expresses something new. Furthermore the meaning of ille is not very far from ipse which means: “He /she /it and nobody /nothing else”.
Intensifying Strategies in Curse Texts
Authors: Urbanová Daniela
Published: October 2020

In this paper, I am going to deal with illocutionary intensification, one of the specific features of curse texts, and the role prefixes play in it. Illocutionary intensification operates at the discursive-pragmatic level, modifying the illocutive act through strengthening and modal reinforcement, and is typically applied to verbs and verbal modifiers.1 Latin curse tablets evidence various linguistic peculiarities. They are highly formulaic and contain features related to the category of language for special purposes.2 These texts often employ peculiar textual rules which reflect the magical ritual accompanying the text and are focused on the supposed effect on the curse victim. In many of these texts, we can observe various strategies of illocutionary intensification, such as word repetition, which is relatively rare in literary texts, and the use of evaluative prefixes.
Color dicendi: Zwischen Rhetorik, Stil und Varietäten
Authors: Müller Roman
Published: October 2020

Linguistic color refers to a wide variety of notions: In traditional rhetoric it refers to elements of ornatus in speech, typically rhetoric figures. Secondly, emotions and acoustic qualities come into view. Quintilian was the first to add a moral and educational component. Finally, Cicero and Quintilian share the social connotation of color: They highlight the color of Rome as linguistic principle: the capital's urbanitas guides orators as well as all other inhabitants of Rome. The semantical range of color develops from rhetoric to sociolinguistics.
The Languages of the Invaders of 711, Invasion and Language Contact in Eighth–Century Northwestern Iberia*
Authors: Peterson David
Published: October 2020

A number of disparate onomastic phenomena occurring in northwestern Iberia have long puzzled scholars: the abundance of Arabic personal names in early medieval Christian communities, often fossilised as place–names; the extraordinarily profuse Romance toponym Quintana; and a surprisingly high number of hypothetical Amazigh (i.e. Berber) demonyms. In this paper we argue that these seemingly disparate onomastic phenomena can all be explained if it is accepted that following the Islamic invasion of Iberia in 711, the Amazigh settlers of the Northwest were at least partially latinophone. The internal history of the Maghreb suggests this would have been the case at least in the sense of Latin as a lingua franca, a situation which the speed and superficiality of the Islamic conquest of said region would have been unlikely to have altered significantly. In this context, all of the puzzling onomastic elements encountered in the Northwest fall into place as the result of the conquest and settlement of a Romance– speaking region by Romance–speaking incomers bearing Arabic personal names but retaining their indigenous tribal affiliations and logically choosing to interact with the autochthonous population in the lan-guage they all shared.
The Vindolanda Tablets again, and Now More
Authors: Calboli Gualtiero
Published: October 2020

At the beginning of my paper I have explained why I could not use the new finds of the Vindolanda Tablets. In this regard I quoted the letter I sent to Professor Bowman and the kind answer he gave me. Then I took into account three elements of the Vindolanda Tablets until now published that deserve attention, namely (1) the conflation of second and third conjugation of Latin verb, which is considered a feature of Vulgar Latin, (2) the presence of official language in distinguishing the familiar puer from the formal servus to mention a slave, and (3) the use of rogo (or similar verbs) + ut or the simple subjunctive. In all these cases the presumption of Vulgar Latin in Vindolanda tablets must be reduced. As to the first I actually challenged in some cases the supposed conflation of second and third conjugation. I demonstrated that the expression qui debunt (instead of debent) must be read qui debent, because the letter V of debunt is a false reading for E written in the cursive form employed not only in Vindolanda tablets but also in a letter sent by Cl. Terentianus to his father, Cl. Tiberianus, in P. Mich. VIII 468. 40. The closing greetings Valu fratur (Vindolanda Tablet 301 Plate XXIII), which of course must be read Vale frater is a proof that in the cursive formula of final greetings, written in a kind of currente calamo, a cursive script was employed and the conflation of second and third conjugation must be reduced in some cases to a cursive (and regular) script. Also as to the difference between puer and servus, and rogo + subj. (with ut or without ut) the Vindolanda’s Latin was not so vulgar as could be supposed if we consider Octavius’ and Chrautius’ Latinitas. In particular the construction of rogo + subj. (with ut or withour ut) was object of study because Latin speaker showed a great attention in choosing one or the other construction as happened in a couple of letters sent by Brutus and Cassius to Mark Antony. Maybe this depended upon the action of military scribes, as Adams right supposed. On the other hand, if we consider the role played by Brittain Latin in the Carolingian Renaissance, every defence of correct Latin in this region requires a larger investigation. Therefore the use of the new Vindolanda Letters should have a great weight.
Avsonivs: vt doceam docendvs ipse
Authors: Costa Ioana
Published: October 2020

Centones are works that might be interpreted as bis in idem, in a positive manner, being si- multaneously a revitalisation of prior works and an independent piece, which grants a perception per se. In addition to their poetic value, a major relevance draws from the text itself, as descendant of a previous source, perfectly known not only to the author of the cento, but to the public as well, capable to appreci- ate the virtuosity. Cento nuptialis composed by Ausonius is to be considered both as Vergilian inheritance manoeuvred with poetic skill and as binomial of theory and practice, preserved in the letter addressed to Paulus.

We examine two formal aspects: the iunctura points and the entire verses taken from Vergil. The iunctura of the hemistichs seems to be occasionally generated by the presence of a certain word. Regard- ing the entire Vergilian verses, the letter addressed to Paulus states that two consecutive entire verses ineptum est: the assertion might be understood either as aiming at two consecutive verses in the source text, or as two entire verses, belonging to different parts of the source text. If the second interpretation is correct, Cento nuptialis begins inelegantly (ineptum).
Les consonnes aspirées dans les textes latins tardifs
Authors: Dascălu Ioana-Rucsandra
Published: October 2020

Our contribution to the Colloquium of Late and Vulgar Latin has been anticipated by previous interventions and articles written on that subject. We have been much helped by the online data of the projects PaLaFra and CoLaMer, which are offering a wide range of texts in late Latin, both historical and hagiographic.We found it hard to define aspirated consonants: they do not exist in modern languages (for instance in French), where they are called digrams or graphical groups or graphemes.

In a corpus made up of late Latin texts, we have discovered words of various origins which contain aspirated consonants: the Hebrew ones are very numerous: pascha or proper names: Seth, Lamech, Iafet/Iaphet (Fredegar), Sabaoth (Passio Quirini). There are also Greek words borrowed by Latin: machi- natio, monachus, thesaurus, prophetess. The Merovingian texts (6th-8th centuries) are a real source of words containing aspirated consonants: the unadapted Frankish words of Pactus legis salicae, which occur together with latinized ones: Bothem, Rhenus, chranne. In Liber Historiae Francorum there are many names of persons and of populations which contain aspirated consonants: Chlodio, Merovechus, Childericus, Gothi. There are many hesitations in the transcription of the aspirated consonants in late Latin texts, therefore we consider our intervention a very useful one for latinists, for specialists of Old French and for romanists.
Ship Losses and the Growth of Roman Harbour Infrastructure
Authors: Robinson Damian , Rice Candace M. , Schörle Katia
Published: October 2020

This study analyses regional trajectories in Mediterranean coastal developments between ca. 200 bc and ad 200, the time of a peak in maritime activities as recorded archaeologically through shipwreck evidence. The aim is to test the proposition that the development of harbour infrastructure should be followed by a decline in shipwrecks around coastal areas. The inference is that, economically speaking, investing in harbours would result in faster and safer transshipment areas and enable regions to cope better with intensifying trade, while the high costs of harbour infrastructure would be offset by a reduction in the loss of ships, and hence loss of capital. In reality, however, the relationship between shipwreck data and local harbour infrastructure in the ancient Mediterranean is far more complex. Here we discuss two coastal regions: central Tyrrhenian Italy and southern France. We suggest the realization of a need for the substantial development of infrastructure in order to cope with intensifying trade is a phenomenon that predates the Roman Imperial period.
PLANIFICACIÓN Y GESTIÓN DE DESTINOS TURISTICOS EN COLOMBIA “COLOMBIA TERRITORIO DE PAZ”
Authors: Parra Perilla Laura Victoria
Published: October 2020

El turismo se ha convertido en un importante factor de desarrollo socioeconómico ya que permite el progreso de los territorios. Colombia, a pesar de las situaciones de orden público que experimentó en años anteriores, atraviesa por una época de prosperidad para el sector turístico la cual está representada por una estrategia diferente. Este período se atribuye a un proceso dinámico de ampliación de capacidades locales las cuales permiten trabajar en mejorar la calidad de la vida de todos los integrantes de la población, “Evolucionando de la concepción de servicios y atractivos para motivar flujos turísticos hacia el aprovechamiento del territorio (historia, ambiente, sociedad, cultura, producción e instituciones) y su articulación, para lograr diferenciación y desarrollo sostenible.”  (Trujillo, 2010). “El turismo es una herramienta para los territorios en proceso de transformación hacia una cultura de paz, es un sector que contribuye al desarrollo sostenible de los destinos, al empoderamiento de las comunidades en sus territorios, y se constituye como un jalonador de otras industrias” (Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Turismo de Colombia, 2017).El presente documento evidencia como, desde la planificación y gestión del territorio nacional y a partir del Plan Sectorial de Turismo “Turismo para la construcción de la paz” 2014-2018  y la estrategia “Turismo, Paz y Convivencia”, se genera en el territorio desarrollo sostenible y cómo esta estrategia permite trabajar en mejorar la calidad de la vida de todos los integrantes de la población, permitiendo a los actores armados convertirse en guías y participes en programas de desarrollo local.
Lipid-lowering therapy in outpatients of different ages with coronary artery disease
Authors: Zyryanov S. K. , Fitilev S. B. , Vozzhaev A. V. , Shkrebniova I. I. , Landyshev N. N. , Voronko Ya. G. , Lutsenko A. M.
Published: October 2020

Aim. To conduct a pharmacoepidemiologic analysis of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) in outpatients of different ages with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Material and methods. A total of 805 medical records of outpatients with CAD were analyzed in this pharmacoepidemiologic, cross-sectional study conducted at primary care facility of Moscow. The total sample of patients was divided into 3 age groups: group 1 — <65 years (n=267; 33,2%), group 2 — 65-74 years (n=305; 37,9%), group 3 — ≥75 years (n=233; 28,9%). Data on LLT (prescription rates, structure, intensity), prevalence of irrational drug combinations, lipid profile were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SciPy 1.4.1, NumPy 1.18.4 for Python 3.73. Differences were considered significant at p<0,05.

Results. LLT prescription rates were equally high in all ages — 92,9%, 85,9%, and 81,6% in groups 1, 2, and 3 respectively (p>0,05). Dual LLT was prescribed rarely (4,9%, 3,9%, 0,9%, respectively), especially in patients ≥75 years (p<0,05 for groups 1 and 3, p»0,05 for groups 2 and 3). Atorvastatin prevailed in all ages (p>0,05); patients ≥75 received rosuvastatin less often (p<0,05 for groups 1 and 3); simvastatin was more frequently prescribed to patients ≥65 years (p<0,05 for groups 1 and 2, 1 and 3). Prescription rate of high-intensity LLT was higher in group 1 (57,3%) compared with group 2 (40,1%; p<0,05) and group 3 (30,0%; p<0,01). Prevalence of polypharmacy (50,2%, 56,5%, 60,4%) and irrational drug combinations (34,0%, 38,1%, 43,3%) was comparable in all groups (p>0,05), as well as the proportion of patients not achieved target LDL-C <1,8 mmol/l (72,9%, 73,9%, 84,3%; p>0,05).

Conclusion. The study demonstrated no significant influence of patient age on LLT prescription rates, LDL-C control, and prevalence of irrational drug combinations in outpatients with CAD. Rates of dual LLT, structure and intensity of statin therapies differed depending on age groups.
Conceitualização do conceito de campo elétrico de estudantes de Ensino Superior em Unidades de Ensino Potencialmente Significativas sobre eletrostática
Authors: Pantoja Glauco Cohen , Moreira Marco Antonio
Published: October 2020

Resumo São apresentados os resultados da aplicação de uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa (UEPS) para abordar o conceito de campo elétrico, em disciplinas de Física Geral específicas sobre eletromagnetismo, em duas turmas distintas. Um dos grupos estudava em uma Universidade do Sul do Brasil (17 alunos) e o outro em uma Universidade do Norte do Brasil (11 alunos). Foram empregados os princípios filosóficos e aspectos sequenciais das UEPS de Moreira para a construção de duas UEPS que contiveram 10 aulas de 100 minutos cada. Foi tomada como referencial teórico para a análise de dados a teoria dos campos conceituais. Para a análise de dados foram usados os métodos da análise de conteúdo e foram consideradas variáveis inferidas as formas de conceitualização dos estudantes, isto é, a maneira pela qual mobilizavam seus invariantes operatórios para resolver problemas. Pode-se perceber a progressividade na conceitualização e ocorrência de processos mais próximos do polo da Aprendizagem Significativa, já que paulatinamente os estudantes tendiam a apresentar modos de conceitualização mais próximos dos científicos para as classes de situações apresentadas. Conclui-se que há evidências de que o uso das UEPS possa prover condições de ocorrência para processos de Aprendizagem Significativa do conceito de campo elétrico na etapa operatória do conhecimento.
Consumo audiovisual em plataformas digitais: a configuração de práticas e fluxos na rotina de usuários da Netflix
Authors: Valiati Vanessa Amália Dalpizol
Published: October 2020

Resumo O artigo aborda as práticas relacionadas ao consumo de conteúdo audiovisual em plataformas digitais a partir do estudo da relação dos usuários com a Netflix, sob o viés da teoria da prática. A reflexão parte do resultado da tese de doutoramento da autora, que envolveu a coleta de dados quantitativos e qualitativos. Neste artigo, são discutidos os resultados das entrevistas e a observação dos espaços de consumo dos usuários. Em termos gerais, nota-se o estabelecimento e a reprodução de fluxos de consumo interconectados, nos quais usuários e empresa relacionam-se recursivamente: de um lado, há a disponibilização contínua de conteúdo, e do outro, o acesso rotinizado, fragmentado e marcado pela insaciabilidade e autonomia do tempo dedicado à prática, o que favorece a manutenção da estrutura estabelecida pela plataforma.
Glauber e o cinema escrito de Eduardo Coutinho
Authors: Ramos Fernão Pessoa
Published: October 2020

Resumo O que a sensibilidade, meio brincalhona, meio algoz - o olho ciclope do Glauber-profeta - traz para o filme Câncer (1968) quando nos apresenta o personagem-personalidade ‘Eduardo Coutinho’, definindo-o como ‘homem do caderninho’? Glauber e Coutinho coincidem na desconfiança da escrita e da teoria. Querem abarcar a expressão numa identidade-de-si, plenitude da sensação e da intuição, gesto e voz, reino da substância fonocêntrica. Nosso ponto é atentar, em Eduardo Coutinho, para a instância articuladora/ordenadora que se acopla no modo livre de expressão da linguagem falada. Assim, ela faz diferença e desconstrói, de fora e no modo diferido, a coincidência do outro ‘popular’ na comunhão da ‘voz-face’. É essa instância que desafia a congregação na alteridade, introduzindo uma decalagem de raiz que modula a encenação coutiniana. Promove uma valoração diferida, impedindo a cristalização da empatia como fundo transparente da comunicação.
Ódio como potência disruptiva e instauradora de comunicação
Authors: França Fagner Torres de , Muneiro Lilian Carla
Published: October 2020

Resumo A recente obra de Ana Kiffer e Gabriel G`iorgi, Ódios políticos e política do ódio: lutas, gestos e escritas do presente (2019), é fundamental para o avanço na compreensão de um nebuloso fenômeno do presente: o ódio como um dos principais afetos mobilizadores da política em tempos atuais. Como surge, ao que responde e qual sua potência comunicativa são algumas das questões suscitadas pelos autores no livro. A novidade apresentada está justamente em investigar o ódio não apenas como restaurador, mas como instaurador de novas demandas, imaginações, visibilidades e apostas coletivas.