bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of the Role of Parents and Parenting Patterns in the Use of Gadgets on the Social Behavior of Children
Authors: Jannah Antung Miftahul , Rachman Ali , Novitawati
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to examine the influence of parent’s roles and parenting patterns with gadgets on the social behavior of children. A total of 147 children aged between 5 and 6 years in Raudhatul Athfal, South Amuntai District, were used as samples. The results showed that the role of parents as well as the use of gadgets and social behavior were included in the high category. Democratic parenting was mostly adopted and had a significant influence. Furthermore, the influences of parental role and patterns on the use of gadgets were 0.548 and 0.336, respectively. The influences of parental role and patterns on social behavior were 0.288 and 0.258, respectively. Moreover, the use of gadgets had an influence of 0.218 on social behavior. The relationship between parenting role and social behavior mediated by the use of gadgets scored 0.119. Likewise, the relationship between parenting patterns and social behavior mediated by the use of gadgets scored 0.073.
The Effects of Principal Learning Leadership, Work Culture, and Job Satisfaction on Teacher Performance in The State Elementary School in East Banjarmasin Sub-District
Authors: Masniah  , Aslamiah  , Suriansyah Ahmad
Published: July 2022

The teacher performance is determined through competency, including planning, assessing teaching and learning, mastering learning materials, processing, and implementing. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the direct and indirect effect of principal learning leadership, work culture, and job satisfaction on teacher performance at the State Elementary Schools in Banjarmasin Timur Sub-District. A quantitative method and correlation technique was applied to 14 schools with 340 teachers. A random sampling technique was further applied to the total number of teachers collected, producing a sample size of 184 respondents. The data collected from respondents through a questionnaire was then analyzed using descriptive, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, and path analysis. The results showed that the regression coefficient of principal learning leadership (X1) on teacher performance (Y) was 0.167 and 0.361 on job satisfaction(Z). Work culture (X2) on Job satisfaction was 0.330 and 0.266 on teacher performance. Job satisfaction on teacher performance was 0.486, while principal learning leadership (X1) and work culture through job satisfaction on teacher performance were 0.175 and 0.160, respectively. Based on the results, principal learning leadership, work culture, and job satisfaction directly affects teacher performance, while principal learning leadership and culture through job satisfaction indirectly affect the teacher performance. Subsequently, school principals should have time with teachers to create a comfortable working environment that improves their performance. This will allow teachers to effectively determine quality learning resources or media, provide feedback for students’ progress, and draft materials for further learning. However, future research should use more variables to analyze teacher performance in depth.
Marketing Management in the Digital Era: A Study at State Vocational High School 1 and 2 Tamiang Layang
Authors: Sunito S , Saleh Muhammad , Effendi Rustam
Published: July 2022

Digital Era and globalism need massive transformation when educational change and competition become complex. Educational institutions, such as Vocational High School, need to respond to the changes in the digital era to renew the learning and teaching process. Furthermore, the educational concept help students to acquire life, soft, and hard skills and develop critical thinking, creativity, and open-mindedness. Educational and business competition in the global market allow schools to maintain effective strategic marketing and influence parents and students as prospective customers. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze digital marketing as the answer to these issues using various approaches. For instance, observation helped understand and describe planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling Vocational High Schools in the digital era. Qualitative approaches were used to systematically describe speech, writing, behavior, and facts of the objects. The data were collected through interviews, observation, documentation, and interactive analysis from Miles and Huberman. This involved data collection, reduction, display, conclusion, and single and multi-site analysis verification. Moreover, data validity was examined based on credibility, dependability, and confirmability techniques. The results showed that marketing is planned through goal formulation, target setting, competitor analysis, inhabiting and supporting factors, as well as financial plan and strategy. Organizing began by making a marketing team, a legal decision letter, job descriptions, and resources. The marketing action is actuated from the product, price, promotion, place, and strategy. Furthermore, controlling includes performance monitoring, financial auditing, and achievement measurement. Controlling is also performed yearly based on the successful and failed strategy that needs fixing, the school benefit, and the customers. It is difficult to implement conventional marketing strategies such as socialization, spreading brochures, and arranging school events because of the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, marketing through social media, such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, and Websites is a superior strategy because it is quick, effective, and efficient.
2013 Curriculum Management for Equivalence Education Package C Program: Multi-Site Study at the Balangan Learning Activity Center (SKB) and Jambu Air Balangan Community Learning Activity Center (PKBM)
Authors: Hamsin Muhamad Syahril , Shaleh M , Mahrita M
Published: July 2022

Curriculum management not optimally conducted adversely affects tutors and education staff understanding because they feel the tasks carried out are still formal and routine in nature. Therefore, it is imperative to implement optimal educational innovation and curriculum management processes. There are four management areas used to structure the principles of curriculum, namely planning, organization, implementation, and evaluation. This research describes how the 2013 curriculum is managed at the Balangan Learning Activity Center (SKB) and the Jambu Air Balangan Community Learning Activity Center (PKBM). This is a case and descriptive research with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed through collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that the 2013 curriculum consists of the following, 1) Planning, namely holding a performance meeting at the beginning of the academic year covering activities for compiling the structure and content of the curriculum, such as time allocation, division of decision letters, preparation of educational calendars, learning tools and academic activities or programs. 2) Organization, namely distributing lesson schedules and activities or programs. 3) Implementation, which includes using a strategy to check the administrative readiness of tutors, the existence of deliberation or consultation regarding the implementation of learning in the teaching field. 4) evaluation by analyzing a) tutors administrative completeness, attendance, and activities, and b) learning residents, which include participating in assessments in the form of daily assignments and module exams.
Editorial
Authors: Silva Márcia Regina da
Published: July 2022

Editorial: InCID: Revista de Ciência da Informação e da Documentação, Ribeirão Preto, v. 13, n. 1, mar./ago. 2022.
Relações de gênero na constituição epistemológica da Biblioteconomia: Margaret Egan e Frances Henne na Escola de Chicago
Authors: Vieira Keitty Rodrigues , Karpinski Cezar
Published: July 2022

Objetiva discutir a influência das relações de gênero na constituição epistemológica da Biblioteconomia no contexto do movimento da Escola de Chicago. Aborda a história e conceito de “Epistemologia Social”, proposto por Margaret Egan e Jesse Shera, mas que se difundiu apenas como uma teoria de Shera. Destaca a atuação de Frances E. Henne, primeira mulher a compor o corpo docente da Universidade de Chicago que, mesmo sendo uma das maiores especialistas em Biblioteca Escolar, não foi reconhecida entre os nomes de destaque do movimento. Pesquisa descritiva e qualitativa a partir de fontes bibliográficas analisadas sob a perspectiva do método histórico. Os resultados discutem o cerceamento feminino no campo científico, evidencia que o protagonismo de Egan e Henne ainda não foi devidamente reconhecido e que as relações de gênero influenciaram na constituição epistemológica da área.
Mediação da leitura nas vivências dos estudantes do curso de Ciências Sociais da UFBA
Authors: Sousa Ana Claudia Medeiros de , Santos Raquel do Rosário , Jesus Ingrid Paixão de
Published: July 2022

A mediação da leitura como interferência consciente no processo de formação dos sujeitos leitores é o tema desta comunicação. Nesta perspectiva, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar o processo de formação dos estudantes do curso de Ciências Sociais da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), enquanto leitores, e as interferências da mediação da leitura no componente curricular Documentação II. A pesquisa se configura como descritiva que adotou como método o estudo de caso. Optou-se pela técnica de aplicação de questionário junto aos discentes, inscritos no referido componente, visando a obtenção de informações sobre o gosto pela leitura; o uso das fontes de informação; e a interferência do mediador na formação leitora. Para a realização da pesquisa foi necessária uma reflexão, à luz da literatura, que abordasse o tema leitura na perspectiva de Perrotti (1999) e Dumont (2020); como também mediação da leitura a partir das concepções de Bortolin (2010); Jesus e Gomes (2019); Cavalcante (2021) e Santos, Sousa e Almeida Junior (2021). Conclui-se que no ensino superior os sujeitos leitores também devem ser apoiados para o alcance da autonomia no processo de leitura crítica, reflexiva e que possibilita uma reflexão sobre si e suas ações como sujeito protagonista.
A gestão do conhecimento científico no âmbito das bibliotecas universitárias
Authors: Sousa Eliete Sousa
Published: July 2022

Analisa a obra “Ciência Aberta, Sistemas e Ambientes de Informação: do acesso às boas práticas de pesquisa”, organizada por Gildenir Carolino Santos e Valéria dos Santos Gouveia Martins. Obra comemorativa aos 30 anos de inauguração da Biblioteca Central na Universidade Estadual de Campinas que aborda temas significativos às bibliotecas universitárias por reunir exemplos práticos fundamentados na literatura cientifica no processo de organização e gestão da informação científica.
Delineamentos conceituais da competência em informação e da competência crítica em informação: uma proposta
Authors: Brisola Anna Cristina , Sampaio Denise Braga , Ramos Junior Maurício Augusto Cabral
Published: July 2022

A partir de uma revisão de literatura sobre Competência em Informação (Coinfo) e Competência Crítica em Informação (CCI), esta pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa e procedimento bibliográfico buscou delinear os principais conceitos destas temáticas para compreendê-las. Neste intuito, representando as interrelações destes conceitos mediante mapas conceituais (utilizando o software CmapTools), foi possível identificar as aproximações e distinções entre elas.
Portomesenteric Vein Thrombosis After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Single-Institution Report
Authors: Wilkinson Lily , Aubry Staci T. , Haskins Ivy N. , Duke Meredith C. , Moll Stephan , Dixon Robert , Farrell Timothy M.
Published: July 2022

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an effective weight-loss operation. Portomesenteric vein thrombosis (PMVT) is an important complication of LSG. We identified four cases of PMVT after LSG at our institution in women aged 36-47 with BMIs ranging from 44-48 kg/m2. All presented 8-19 days postoperatively. Common symptoms were nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Thrombotic risk factors were previous deep vein thrombosis and oral contraceptive use. Management included therapeutic anti-coagulation, directed thrombolysis, and surgery. Complications were readmission, bowel resection, and bleeding. Discharge recommendations ranged from 3-6 months of anticoagulation using various anticoagulants. No consensus was reached on post-treatment hypercoagulable work up or imaging. All cases required multi-disciplinary approach with Surgery, Interventional Radiology, and Hematology. As PMVT is a rare but potentially morbid complication of LSG, further development of tools that quantify preoperative thrombotic risk and clear guidance regarding use of anticoagulants are needed for prevention and treatment of PMVT following LSG.
Clinical correlates of comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults suffering from bipolar disorder: A meta-analysis
Authors: Bartoli Francesco , Callovini Tommaso , Cavaleri Daniele , Cioni Riccardo Matteo , Bachi Bianca , Calabrese Angela , Moretti Federico , Canestro Aurelia , Morreale Marco , Nasti Christian , Palpella Dario , Piacenti Susanna , Nacinovich Renata , Riboldi Ilaria , Crocamo Cristina , Carrà Giuseppe
Published: July 2022

Objective:

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a frequent comorbid condition in adults with bipolar disorder. We performed a meta-analysis aimed at assessing sociodemographic and clinical correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in bipolar disorder.

Method:

We searched main electronic databases up to June 2021. Random-effects meta-analyses, with relevant meta-regression and quality-based sensitivity analyses, were carried out to estimate the association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and putative correlates, grading the quality of evidence.

Results:

We included 43 studies, based on 38 independent samples. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder participants were more likely to be males (odds ratio = 1.46; p < 0.001) and unemployed (odds ratio = 1.45; p = 0.045), and less likely to be married (odds ratio = 0.62; p = 0.014). They had an earlier onset of bipolar disorder (standardized mean difference = −0.36; p < 0.001); more mood episodes (standardized mean difference = 0.35; p = 0.007), particularly depressive (standardized mean difference = 0.30; p = 0.011) and mixed (standardized mean difference = 0.30; p = 0.031) ones; higher odds of using antidepressants (odds ratio = 1.80; p = 0.024) and attempted suicides (odds ratio = 1.83; p < 0.001) and lower odds of psychotic features (odds ratio = 0.63; p = 0.010). Moreover, they were more likely to have generalized anxiety disorder (odds ratio = 1.50; p = 0.019), panic disorder (odds ratio = 1.89; p < 0.001), social phobia (odds ratio = 1.61; p = 0.017), eating disorders (odds ratio = 1.91; p = 0.007), antisocial personality disorder (odds ratio = 3.59; p = 0.004) and substance (odds ratio = 2.29; p < 0.001) or alcohol (odds ratio = 2.28; p < 0.001) use disorders. Quality of the evidence was generally low or very low for the majority of correlates, except for bipolar disorder onset and alcohol/substance use disorders (high), and suicide attempts (moderate).

Conclusion:

Comorbid bipolar disorder/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder may have some distinctive clinical features including an earlier onset of bipolar disorder and higher comorbid alcohol/substance use disorder rates. Further research is needed to identify additional clinical characteristics of this comorbidity.
Suicide risk assessments: Why are we still relying on these a decade after the evidence showed they perform poorly?
Authors: Fortune Sarah , Hetrick Sarah
Published: July 2022

Suicide deaths have a profound impact on whānau and community and are a tragic loss. However, from a statistical point of view, suicide is a relatively rare event. Predicting rare events is difficult, and the implications for suicide prevention were highlighted in an important editorial in this journal more than a decade ago, yet little seems to have changed. Risk assessment that focuses on accurate prediction of suicide in real-world contexts is given a great deal of attention in mental health services, despite the fact that current scientific knowledge and best practice guidelines in this area highlight that it is unlikely to be a good basis on which to provide access to treatment. It is our view that we have a good enough understanding of the common conditions people who struggle with suicidal distress experience and energy is better directed at acting to reduce exposure to these conditions and providing treatment for those who seek it. Blueprints for successful suicide prevention exist. If we lessen the focus on prediction, we will have greater resources to focus on treatment and prevention.
Interactive Instructor for a Synergistic Student-Centered and Personalized Teaching: A Biosocial Approach
Authors: Ahmed Idris Adewale , Mikail Maryam Abimbola
Published: July 2022

With or without pandemics, successful knowledge transfers and instilment of critical thinking in learners are strategic to teaching delivery. To revolutionize teaching practice and profession, the specific needs of every group of learners (such as gifted and talented, depressed, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder students, minority ethnic pupils, and low attaining) must be met. Therefore, a new paradigm that employs the right teaching styles for the right student at the right time should be adopted. A plethora of research has shown that enhanced understanding, retention, and critical thinking are better promoted in active learning strategies as compared to conventional passive learning. On the other hand, students’ critical thinking is most effectively enhanced by instructional approaches that incorporate constructivist, active-learning, and student-centered philosophies, in addition to other concepts like biosocial, psychological, psychosocial, emotional, motivational, and sociocultural perspectives. The execution of such a holistic perspective would inevitably require concerted efforts from all relevant key players and stakeholders.
Future Orientation as a Moderator of Bullying Victimization and School Outcomes: Comparing Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Urban African American Adolescents
Authors: Hong Jun Sung , Wade Ryan M. , Kim Jinwon , Espelage Dorothy L. , Washington Tyreasa , Voisin Dexter R.
Published: July 2022

Bullying victimization remains to be a public health concern in the United States, especially among sexual and ethnic minority youth. However, few studies have examined how school outcomes might be associated with bullying victimization among heterosexual and sexual minority African American youth and the factors that may attenuate that relationship. To address this gap, this study surveyed 462 heterosexual and 102 sexual minority African American youth residing in Chicago’s Southside neighborhoods, who participated in the Resiliency Project. Study variables included bullying victimization, school outcomes (i.e., school connectedness, and academic grades), and future orientation. Bullying victimization was associated with a significant increase in feeling disconnected from school among both heterosexual and sexual minority adolescents; however, there was no significant association observed between bullying victimization and receiving low grades among either group. Future orientation did not moderate the association between bullying victimization and school outcomes among heterosexual adolescents; however, positive future orientation did attenuate the association between bullying victimization and feeling disconnected from school among sexual minority adolescents. Prevention programs that focus on promoting school connectedness need to consider the role of future orientation for sexual minority youth.
Criticalizing Teacher Perceptions of Urban School Climate: Exploring the Impact of Racism and Race-Evasive Culture in a Predominantly White Teacher Workforce
Authors: Bendixen Lisa D. , Plachowski Tara , Olafson Lori
Published: July 2022

This study seeks to critically examine perceptions of urban school climate from a predominantly white teacher workforce and discuss the role that white identity, as the Dominant culture, plays in maintaining the status quo of racialized school climate. Participants included 145 teachers from a large southwestern urban setting. Teachers’ perceptions were measured by the Teacher Perceptions of Urban School Climate survey that includes six dimensions that are important aspects of urban school climate: (1) Leadership, Relationality, and Care, (2) Perceptions of Security and Safety, (3) Student Belonging, (4) Constructivist Teacher Practice, (5) Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, and (6) Educator Retention. Results indicate that elementary school teachers had more positive perceptions of urban school climate and beginning teachers were less positive about aspects of urban school climate. Implications stemming from the results are discussed including the role whiteness and racism play in teacher perceptions of urban school climate and teacher education.
A Robust Method for Detecting Item Misfit in Large-Scale Assessments
Authors: von Davier Matthias , Bezirhan Ummugul
Published: July 2022

Viable methods for the identification of item misfit or Differential Item Functioning (DIF) are central to scale construction and sound measurement. Many approaches rely on the derivation of a limiting distribution under the assumption that a certain model fits the data perfectly. Typical DIF assumptions such as the monotonicity and population independence of item functions are present even in classical test theory but are more explicitly stated when using item response theory or other latent variable models for the assessment of item fit. The work presented here provides a robust approach for DIF detection that does not assume perfect model data fit, but rather uses Tukey’s concept of contaminated distributions. The approach uses robust outlier detection to flag items for which adequate model data fit cannot be established.
We have always been transreligious: An introduction to transreligiosity
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Anastasios , Roussou Eugenia
Published: July 2022

This article is a proposition and exploration of the term ‘transreligiosity’. We argue that transreligiosity is more apt to describe the transgressive character of religiosity, focusing more particularly on the transversality of spaces, symbolic or otherwise, which are created in religious phenomena. We examine the porosity of religious boundaries and, ultimately, propose the term transreligiosity to embrace them, placing emphasis on their transreligious character, while perceiving them as significant instantiations of transreligiosity. We take some of Latour’s key concepts on ‘purification’, to argue for the ultimate impossibility of it in the sphere of religiosity. While processes of purification have been powerful through efforts to institutionalize and centralize religiosity, at a vernacular level, this has had a contrary effect. Religious subjects have been distanced from a more direct participation (‘mediation’). Hence, they are constantly creating transreligious instances to abolish and transgress those rigid borders.
Athéisme et sécularisme au Kenya : les tribulations des Atheists In Kenya (AIK)
Authors: Maupeu Hervé , Gez Yonatan N. , Droz Yvan
Published: July 2022

As affirmed by the 2010 constitution, the Republic of Kenya is a secular country that promises both freedom of faith and freedom from religion. In practice, however, the realm of religion in Kenya is highly normative. The 2010s have seen the rise of a group seeking to challenge this status quo: Atheists in Kenya (AIK). The group met with fierce resistance, and its attempt to register as a legal society ended before the country’s High Court. AIK’s activism turned it into a social movement that demands a reexamination of the close ties between religion and the State. It is thus an important participant in a wide debate on secularism in Kenya. In addition, AIK may be read as a testimony to the country’s present stage of democratization, which allows – if sometimes reluctantly – for new modes of social action and for the expression of claims that were formerly kept in check.
Practicing Anti-Racism as Inclusion: Start in Early Childhood!
Authors: Shaffer LaShorage , Vinh Megan , Shapland Dorothy , O’Grady Courtney
Published: July 2022

The mission of the Division for Early Childhood (DEC) is to promote policies and advance evidence-based practices that support families and enhance the optimal development of young children (0-8) who have or are at risk for developmental delays and disabilities. DEC is an international membership organization for those who work with or on behalf of young children (0-8) with disabilities and other special needs and their families. The Division for Early Childhood, as individuals and as a system, recognizes we must acknowledge and address the explicit and/or implicit bias that disproportionately impacts the trajectory of children of color and their families. We seek to support and advocate for increasing the diversity of leadership across the early intervention and early childhood special education workforce, intentionally working with families as partners; and actively acknowledging when and how bias impacts our systems, children, and families. We seek to reduce bias to achieve inclusion, equity, and social justice across services and settings.
Psychopathy and Risky Sexual Behavior in Incarcerated Women
Authors: Cook Amanda M. , Maurer J. Michael , Reynolds Brooke L. , Harenski Carla L. , Kiehl Kent A.
Published: July 2022

To date, very few studies have explored the association between psychopathic traits and risky sexual behavior (RSB) among women. Here, we investigated this relationship in a sample of 137 incarcerated women. Psychopathic traits were assessed via the Hare Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL-R) and lifetime RSB measures, including number of lifetime sexual partners, frequency of engaging in sexual intercourse while intoxicated, and frequency of forgoing protection (e.g., condom usage) during sexual intercourse, were assessed through self-report. PCL-R Facet 3 scores (assessing lifestyle psychopathic traits) were associated with an increased frequency of engaging in sexual intercourse while intoxicated. In addition, women scoring high on the PCL-R were more likely to engage in sexual intercourse while intoxicated compared with a previously collected sample of men scoring high on the PCL-R. The results obtained in the current study help improve our understanding of the association between psychopathic traits and RSB among women.
Workplace Safety: Perceived Dangerousness Versus Experienced Fear Among Community Corrections Personnel
Authors: Rhineberger Gayle , Mack Kristin Y.
Published: July 2022

Little research has assessed community corrections staff members’ perceptions of the dangerousness of their job or experiences that make them fear for their safety. Although not the same as a prison environment, there are nonetheless dangerous aspects of working with probationers and parolees in community corrections. The purpose of this study is first to determine predictors of both perceived dangerousness and experienced fear among a sample of probation/parole officers and residential officers. Then we assess the differential impact of perceived dangerousness and experienced fear on the negative workplace outcomes of burnout (comprised of three components: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment), secondary trauma, job stress, and job satisfaction. The findings indicate both overlapping and distinct predictors of perceived dangerousness and experienced fear. Also, higher perceptions of job dangerousness were associated with lower job satisfaction, while more experienced fear was related to greater emotional exhaustion and secondary trauma.
Breaking the Code of Silence: The Importance of Control Systems and Empathy Toward Outgroups
Authors: Schuck Amie M. , Rabe-Hemp Cara E.
Published: July 2022

This study used data from 654 new officers attending several training academies in the United States to examine changes in recruits’ attitudes toward the code of silence. The results of multivariate multilevel growth models showed that recruits’ experiences at the academies strengthened their adherence to the code. The results also showed that shifts in officers’ attitudes about the community, seriousness of the misconduct, expected discipline, and familiarity with agency policies were directly associated with changes in their adherence to the code, but changes in job satisfaction and perceptions of organizational justice were not. Female officers exhibited less adherence to the code in incidents of physical violence compared with male officers. The results confirm the need for reform in police training. Specifically, academy leaders should ensure that instructors and training materials present positive images of the community as well as strengthen social control systems which reinforce the importance of reporting coworker’s misconduct.
Is Reduced Visitation a Collateral Consequence of Restrictive Housing?
Authors: Anderson Claudia N. , Cochran Joshua C. , Wooldredge John
Published: July 2022

Theory and logic suggest that placement in restrictive housing (RH) may affect prison visitation, which may be counterproductive given the potential benefits of visitation. The goal of this paper is to examine the potential correspondence between RH and visitation. We use data on incarcerated people in Ohio to conduct two related analyses. One analysis assesses whether the first incident of short-term disciplinary segregation impacts prison visits shortly after segregation. The second analysis examines longitudinal patterns of RH stays and visits to understand the interplay of the two throughout a prison term. Findings suggest that disciplinary segregation might reduce the odds of visitation immediately. RH early in a prison term may also operate to “cut off” future visitation. These results highlight an important knowledge gap and suggest that more research is needed that disentangles how RH may lead to the dissolution of social ties. Implications for research are discussed.
The Consequences of School Suspension at Different Developmental Stages: The Relationships Between Age, Race, Suspension, and Justice-Related Outcomes
Authors: Novak Abigail
Published: July 2022

School suspension is associated with increases in delinquency and arrest and is disproportionality experienced by youth of color. Limited research has examined the outcomes of suspension experienced at different developmental stages. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between suspension, delinquency, and arrest, as well as if and how these relationships differed among youth first suspended in childhood and youth first suspended in adolescence and whether suspension experiences differed by race/ethnicity. Results indicated that suspension was more likely to be experienced by Black and Hispanic youth. Results also indicated suspension in adolescence was associated with increases in delinquency, and suspension in childhood and suspension in adolescence were associated with increases in arrest. Suspension in adolescence was associated with increases in delinquency, while suspension in childhood was associated with greater increases in arrest. Results suggest policy makers and practitioners should consider alternatives to suspension to prevent delinquency and arrest.
Exponential H∞ stabilization of uncertain neural networks with time-varying delay and external disturbance via periodically intermittent control
Authors: Guo Liangliang , Dong Yali , Cong Yuhao
Published: July 2022

This paper is concerned with the exponential [Formula: see text] stabilization for a class of uncertain neural networks with interval time-varying delay and external disturbance via periodically intermittent control. By constructing a novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) and applying some inequality techniques, delay-dependent sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the exponential [Formula: see text] stabilization of the considered closed-loop system. These conditions are given in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The intermittent state-feedback controller can reduce the effect of external disturbance to a prescribed attenuation level [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, the desired controller gain matrix can be obtained by solving the obtained LMIs. Finally, numerical simulations are given to show the effectiveness and the benefits of the proposed method.
Results of contralateral anastomosis of microvascular free flaps in head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Gschossmann Juliane D. , Balk Matthias , Rupp Robin , Müller Sarina K. , Allner Moritz , Sievert Matti , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Koch Michael , Iro Heinrich , Gostian Antoniu O.
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Despite various solutions to the issue of ipsilateral vessel-depleted neck in microvascular head and neck reconstruction, concrete data on its safety and implementation are scarce. This paper focuses on the feasibility and success rates of contralateral anastomosis in free flap reconstruction in the head and neck region.

Methods

This single-center retrospective study at a tertiary referral center includes all patients who underwent free flap reconstruction of the head and neck with contralateral anastomosis between January 1st, 2007 and February 28th, 2021. Primary objectives were frequency, success, and flap-associated complication rates. Secondary objectives were recipient vessels and flap type.

Results

Of 318 patients who underwent microvascular reconstruction, anastomosis was performed on the contralateral side of the neck in 32 patients (10.0%). Recipient vessels involved mainly the superior thyroid artery (74.2%; n = 23) and the facial vein (51.1%; n = 23). Thirty patients (93.8%) received a radial forearm free flap. Flap-associated complications occurred in 12.5% of included cases (n = 4): one partial flap necrosis (3.1%), one anastomotic insufficiency (3.1%), one venous thrombosis of the microvascular pedicle (3.1%), and one wound dehiscence (3.1%). All of these complications were resolved without complete flap loss.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that contralateral anastomosis is a successful and safe option in microvascular head and neck reconstruction, especially using a radial forearm free flap. Thus, anastomosing to the contralateral side of the neck can be advocated as a valuable option in the ipsilateral vessel-depleted neck.
Building Civic Capacity: The History and Landscape of NYC Integration Activism, 2012–2021
Authors: Debs Mira , Makris Molly Vollman , Castillo Elise , Rodriguez Alexander , Smith Ayana , Ingall Josephine Steuer
Published: July 2022

Background:

New York City is one of the most segregated school districts in the country, but between 2012 and 2021, school integration moved from a marginal to a central education policy. Existing narratives have emphasized the efforts of parents and school and political leaders, with less attention given to the significance of citywide coalitions of activists, especially youth activists.

Purpose:

We examine how grassroots activists contributed to advancing school integration policy, and the opportunities and challenges that resulted, through urban regime theory, and specifically civic capacity, which highlights how various constituencies build a shared agenda for policy change.

Research Design:

Working in partnership with four youth interviewers at two integration activist organizations, we conducted 72 semi-structured interviews with New York City student, parent, and community activists. We also observed 36 hours of public meeting observations and collected publicly available documents, including 360 newspaper articles and policy documents, to triangulate our findings.

Conclusions:

We found that activist coalitions made progress in developing civic capacity through increased collaboration among diverse stakeholders, notably youth, toward a shared definition of integration. However, growing tensions with rival coalitions and the fragmented political landscape of NYC limited the strength and durability of civic capacity.
Technology to Facilitate Progress Monitoring of Infant–Toddler Growth and Development: Measuring Implementation in Community-Based Agencies
Authors: Buzhardt Jay , Leonard Julia , Ai Jun , Higgins Susan , Greenwood Charles , Consolver Kyle , Walker Dale , Carta Judith
Published: July 2022

Despite evidence that frequent progress monitoring to identify children at-risk of delays and inform early intervention services improves child outcomes, this practice is rare in infant–toddler settings where children could benefit the most from early intervention. Using a descriptive research design within an Implementation Science framework, we evaluated how 10 community-based infant–toddler agencies implemented a standardized progress monitoring assessment using a web application to monitor children’s growth and identify children at-risk for delay. An Implementation Index was developed to quantify implementation progress for each agency, which included their percent of tasks completed, and rate of task implementation over time. Staff turnover and high staff:child ratios were associated with low implementation of progress monitoring. The Implementation Index differentiated between agencies that otherwise demonstrated similar implementation rates. Implications for supporting progress monitoring and other evidence-based practices in community-based infant–toddler childcare settings are discussed.
Interpretation of Mandarin pronouns and reflexives by L1-Korean and L1-English learners of Mandarin
Authors: Chen Chung-yu , Ionin Tania
Published: July 2022

This study investigates (1) whether second language learners (L2ers) acquire the Mandarin system of pronouns and reflexives despite differences from their first languages (L1s) and (2) whether L1-English and L1-Korean L2ers differ due to L1-transfer. Unlike English, Mandarin and Korean allow long-distance (LD) reflexives. While himself/ herself and the Mandarin equivalent taziji both require local readings, Mandarin ziji ‘self’ allows both local and LD readings. In Korean, caki and casin allow LD readings while caki-casin requires local readings. For pronouns, English him/ her and Mandarin ta both disallow local readings while Korean ku/ kunye allows them. These cross-linguistic differences lead to different transfer-based predictions for L1-Korean and L1-English L2-Mandarin learners. Sixty-two Mandarin native speakers, 42 L1-Korean L2ers, and 32 L1-English L2ers completed a picture-based Truth Value Judgment Task and a Mandarin proficiency test. Results show that proficiency-matched L2ers from both L1s predominantly allowed only local readings of ziji, suggesting that the local reading is the default option, and that Korean speakers do not transfer the properties of Korean simplex reflexives onto ziji, possibly because LD ziji is logophoric, while caki is not. Regarding ta, L1-Korean L2ers under-accepted LD readings and over-accepted local readings, a result that can be attributed to transfer, per Kim’s analysis that Rule I, posited by Grodzinsky and Reinhart, that regulates the distribution of pronouns is weak or absent in Korean.
Adaptively Informed Trees (AIT*) and Effort Informed Trees (EIT*): Asymmetric bidirectional sampling-based path planning
Authors: Strub Marlin P , Gammell Jonathan D
Published: July 2022

Optimal path planning is the problem of finding a valid sequence of states between a start and goal that optimizes an objective. Informed path planning algorithms order their search with problem-specific knowledge expressed as heuristics and can be orders of magnitude more efficient than uninformed algorithms. Heuristics are most effective when they are both accurate and computationally inexpensive to evaluate, but these are often conflicting characteristics. This makes the selection of appropriate heuristics difficult for many problems. This paper presents two almost-surely asymptotically optimal sampling-based path planning algorithms to address this challenge, Adaptively Informed Trees (AIT*) and Effort Informed Trees (EIT*). These algorithms use an asymmetric bidirectional search in which both searches continuously inform each other. This allows AIT* and EIT* to improve planning performance by simultaneously calculating and exploiting increasingly accurate, problem-specific heuristics. The benefits of AIT* and EIT* relative to other sampling-based algorithms are demonstrated on 12 problems in abstract, robotic, and biomedical domains optimizing path length and obstacle clearance. The experiments show that AIT* and EIT* outperform other algorithms on problems optimizing obstacle clearance, where a priori cost heuristics are often ineffective, and still perform well on problems minimizing path length, where such heuristics are often effective.
Intersections and conflicts between adolescent boys’ musical possible selves, university study, and parent values
Authors: Goopy Jason
Published: July 2022

Adolescents require meaningful and achievable musical possible selves to imagine a future that includes music. Previous research has investigated how to support tertiary music students in their career identity development; however, adolescents make consequential decisions regarding future music study and career intentions in secondary school. This article reports on the intersections and conflicts between adolescent boys’ musical possible selves, university study intentions, and parent values. Research was conducted at an Australian independent K-12 boys’ school using one-on-one semi-structured interviews incorporating a “draw and tell” artifact elicitation technique with Year 12 students and their parents. Two resonating narratives of adolescent boys studying class music are presented as a means of examining their developing musical identities. Findings reveal the vulnerability of students’ musical possible selves at the end of secondary school as they re-evaluate the role of music in their lives. The mothers of these two students did not highly value music university study and careers and actively intervened to disrupt their sons’ developing musical possible selves. This article proposes the development of specialized school music pathway education, enabling adolescents and parents to make more informed decisions on prospective university music study, careers, and the role of music in their futures.
Acoustic methods in physical geography: Applications and future development
Authors: Dunkerley David
Published: July 2022

Sound is produced by many geomorphic and hydrological processes, such as rockfalls and landslides, ocean waves, fluvial flood flows and collisions among moving bedload clasts. In these and other areas of study, acoustic methods have found useful application to detect and quantify the operation of important landscape processes. In some, such as the recording of river discharge, the occurrence of rare events such as exfoliation or the presence and movement of dust devils (willy-willies), the use of acoustic methods is still in a relatively early stage of development and testing. The use of acoustic methods in the recording of rainfall occurrence and intensity is also developing and has the capacity to yield data with higher temporal resolution than can be achieved using conventional rain gauges. Novel acoustic methods include the analysis of the sound recorded by security cameras, which potentially form a vast network of observing stations. The frequencies of sound generated by land-surface processes include audible sound, ultrasound and infrasound at frequencies below the human hearing range. All appear to provide opportunities for further development of useful research tools and methodologies.
Evaluation of the Interlayer Bond Strength of Micro-Surfacing Mixes
Authors: Al-Hosainat Ahmad , Nazzal Munir D. , Abu Talha Sk , Kim Sang-Soo , Abbas Ala , Mohammad Louay , Biehl Eric , Ricciardi Perry
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the results of the first study to evaluate the effects of the tack coat and micro-surfacing mix properties on the interlayer bond strength between the micro-surfacing layer(s) and existing pavement surface. Several factors were investigated, which included the type of tack coat material, tack coat application rate, and the residual binder content of the micro-surfacing mix. To this end, a total of 14 field micro-surfacing test sections were installed on Ohio State Route 03 in Wayne County, Ohio. While the first seven sections were constructed with a single micro-surfacing layer, the other seven sections had double micro-surfacing layers. Five tack coat application rates and two residual binder contents were evaluated. The testing plan involved obtaining core samples from the constructed sections 1 week, 4 months, and 12 months after construction. The obtained field cores were tested in the laboratory using two types of pull-off tests and a torque bond strength test. The results of bond strength tests on obtained field cores and the statistical analysis performed on these results indicated that sections with no tack coat had significantly lower bond strength than those with tack coat with at least 0.05 gallons per square yard (gsy) total application (0.0083 gsy residual application rate). Furthermore, results indicated that the use of 0.75% lower residual asphalt binder content in micro-surfacing mixes resulted in significantly lower bond strength between the micro-surfacing and existing pavement. The tack coat material properties had some effect on the interlayer bond strength; however, this effect was statistically insignificant.
Recurrent Neural Networks for Pavement Performance Forecasting: Review and Model Performance Comparison
Authors: Mers Micah , Yang Zhongyu , Hsieh Yung-An , Tsai Yichang (James)
Published: July 2022

Accurate pavement performance forecasting is critical in supporting transportation agencies’ predictive maintenance strategies: programs that prolong pavement service life while using fewer resources. However, because of the complex nature of pavement deterioration, high accuracy for long-term and project-level pavement performance forecasting is challenging to traditional models. Therefore, researchers have taken advantage of machine learning (ML) technology to create more sophisticated models in recent years. However, there are no extant studies that compare different ML models on a singular, real-world, large-scale, and comprehensive pavement data set to evaluate their capability for pavement performance forecasting. Thus, the goal of this study is to critically evaluate ML models, such as multiple linear regression (MLR), fully connected neural network (FCNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), gated recurrent unit (GRU), long short-term memory (LSTM), and a hybrid LSTM-FCNN model, on Florida’s statewide, 31 year historical pavement data set. The results demonstrate that the RNN, GRU, LSTM, and LSTM-FCNN models perform significantly better than MLR and FCNN for predicting time-series pavement condition, with the LSTM-FCNN model performing the best. This result provides a valuable demonstration and recommendation to transportation agencies and researchers that RNN-based ML models are a promising direction to improve the accuracy of pavement performance forecasting.