bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Implications of Neurological Drugs For Prions Disease
Authors: Sharma Adhya , Yadav Ruchi
Published: August 2024

Prion diseases is a neurodegenerative disorder that effects the brain and nervous system. This disease alters the normal functioning of nervous system and have same molecular mechanism and proteins involved both in humans and animals. Prion disease is caused by the deposition of abnormally folded proteins in the brain, that causes changes in memory, behavior, and movement. Prion diseases causes a progressive decline in the brain function due to misfolding of proteins called prion proteins (PrP). Misfolded PrP begins to accumulate and form clumps within the brain, damaging and killing nerve cells. Current research was done to screen and study the neurological drugs against prion disease. To predict potential drug that can be used for drug development and discovery. In this research two prion proteins i.e., PrPLP /Prion Protein 2(PDB ID: 1I4M) and ERI1 Exoribonuclease 3protein (PDB ID: 2XRI) were selected as drug target. These proteins were docked against 20 ligands screened from PubChem database. These 20 ligands were selected based on reference research papers, extensive literature search and these ligands have function in neurological diseases and act as drug. Twenty selected ligands were docked against target protein using CB dock server. Docking result shows that Prion protein 2 shows best interaction with Celastrol with a Vina Score of -8.2 and in ERI1 Exoribonuclease 3 shows best interaction with Celastrol and Amisulpride with a Vina score of -9.7 and -8.8 respectively. This study gives insight into the potential ligand for prion disease and can be used for drug designing process.
A Study on Training Undergone by Tomato Growers in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Palmu Sherpa Tenzing , Rana Pratima
Published: August 2024

Training is systematic planned activities that help develop the competence of farmers. Farmers’ training plays an important role in adoption of new agricultural practices and technologies. The present study infer the training undergone by tomato growers in the district Solan of Himachal Pradesh. For the study 80 tomato growers were personally interviewed through a pre-tested interview schedule. It was found that training programme’s knowledge/skill like package of practices of tomato, high yielding and resistant varieties of seeds and diseases and pest control were the most adopted trainings by tomato growers in the study area till date. The result also shows the gap between training’s skills imparted and adopted by tomato growers. Therefore, it was suggested that the active engagement of extension personnel in intensive guidance, post-training measurement, and follow-up of training plays an important role in the continued adoption of the practices by the farmers. The study helped in the assessment of the training programmes and provide a base for careful planning to enhance the training outcomes.
Advancing Prosthetics-Enhancing Comfort and Effectiveness for Amputee
Authors: Biju Keerthana , Mechoor Ambili , K. Rathnan Rahna
Published: August 2024

The field of prosthetics technology has advanced significantly since its inception. Initially, prosthetics was simply intended to be aesthetically pleasing and functional. A period when prosthetics may fully replace a human limb's functioning is becoming possible thanks to advancements in the material sciences, engineering, and medicine. This review article explores more into the current strategies for implementation of prosthetics and the ways that have been developed to make life easier and comfortable for the amputee.
Association Between Dairy Cow Mastitis Causative Agent and Some Production Parameters using RT-PCR
Authors: Mohammed Abdelhameed Mohammed Farah , T. Ibrahim Mohamed , Almansoori Ahmed Eltigani , Zayed R. H.
Published: August 2024

Mastitis is the term used to describe inflammation in one or more udder parts in dairy cows, which are mostly brought on by bacterial infections that travel within the teat canal; the advancement of microscopes made it possible to identify the microorganisms that cause the majority of mastitis cases, and the process continues until the PCR. The aim of this work is to use RT-PCR to illustrate the association between the mastitis causative agent and some production parameters. In the first few months of 2019, 83 milk samples were aseptically obtained from the herd of 9,000 Holstein milking cows from cows that had been clinically confirmed to have mastitis. To perform the RT-PCR and DNA extraction for each sample, the King Fisher™ Duo Prime Purification System, the Mag MAX™ CORE Nucleic Acid Purification Kit, and the VetMAX™ Masti Type Kit were used. All data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to highlight the association between the causative agent of mastitis and some production parameters. The results indicated a significant association between mastitis and the infected quarter (χ2= 5.06, P=0.024) and between mastitis frequency of previous mastitis infections (χ2= 6.58, P=0.01), lactation number (χ2= 12.55, P=0.01), gestation period (χ2= 32.97, P=0.01), and cow age (χ2= 15.88, P=0.01). Since there are many possible infections and its complicated etiology makes controlling mastitis difficult, more work needs to be put into managing the milking and milking parlor.
Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from the Diarrhoeal Faeces of Children Aged 0 to 5 Years in N'Djamena and Sarh (Chad)
Authors: Dewa Bertille , Nadlaou Bessimbaye , Ngam Asra Nadjiroum , Ousman Abdoulaye Hissein , Mitan Pedros , Boy Otchom Brahim
Published: August 2024

Escherichia coli diarrhoea remains a public health problem in Chad. It is a common pathology in developing countries, particularly where hygiene levels are low. In children aged 0-5 years, it remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality from digestive pathologies. Its management raises questions about its resistance to the drugs used to treat it. The aim of this study is therefore to determine the prevalence of Escherichia coli strains and their resistance profiles to the antibiotics commonly used in Chad. Stools from children aged 0-5 years were collected in sterile jars and sent to the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l'Enfant for microbiological analysis. The stools were cultured on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar and incubated in a bacteriological oven for 18 to 24 hours at 37°C. Colonies from this culture, with a metallic sheen, were subcultured onto Muller Hinton agar for purification and antigenic studies. Gram staining and oxidase tests were performed on the different strains. Biochemical identification of the isolates was carried out using the API20E Gallery in accordance with Bio Mérieux recommendations. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the various strains was carried out using the Kyrbi-Bauer technique and in accordance with the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Microbiology Society (CA-SFM). Of the 296 stools treated, 36 strains of E. coli were isolated, giving a prevalence of 12.2%. The strains were multi-resistant to the various families of antibiotics used. High resistance to β-lactam antibiotics was observed, with 86.11% for cefotaxime, 83.33% for ceftriaxone, 72.22% for cefepime and 63.60% for ceftaxidime. All strains were resistant to aminopenicillins, with frequencies of 86.11% for amoxicillin-clavunalic acid and 83.33% for amoxicillin. However, imipenem was effective against all the strains studied. Aminoglycosides showed a resistance rate of 77.78% for gentamicin and 80.56% for tobramicin. Amicakacin was the most effective molecule, with a resistance rate of 44.44%. Quinolones and fluorquinolones showed resistance of 69.44% for nalixidic acid, 80.56% for ciprofloxacin and 72.22% for ofloxacin. Cotrimoxazole was the only sulphonamide used, with 88.89% resistance. Escherichia coli are still common in children aged 0-5 years. The strains are multi-resistant to the antimicrobials used. The circulation of such strains requires further study to gain a better understanding of their origin and mode of dissemination.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Livestock Owners toward Anthrax Disease in Gonji Kollela District, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Bezie Genet
Published: August 2024

.Anthrax is the second most highly ranked zoonotic disease in Ethiopia due to its adverse consequences at the household level. It causes disease and production loss in livestock as well as severe disease in humans. So, a cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2022 in GonjiKollela district to assess and identify the knowledge, attitude, and practices of livestock owners toward anthrax. Ten kebeles were selected purposively based on accessibility. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data through face-to-face interviews. A total of 250 respondents participated in the survey study. About 70% of them knew the disease, anthrax, locally called “Quraba“. Whereas the remaining 30% never heard about it. Regarding clinical signs, about 39 (15.6%), 37 (14.8%), and 36 (14.4%) of the respondents mentioned bleeding from natural body orifices, colic, and sudden death as a symptom of anthrax in animals respectively; while 38(15.2%) participants didn’t know the signs of the disease. In humans, vomiting and diarrhea (31.6%), skin ulcer (28.8%), and sweating and increased body temperature (16.4%) were clinical signs of the disease. However, 23.2% of the respondents didn’t recognize the clinical signs. Anthrax is an economically important disease and about 57 (22.8%), 56(22.4%), and 42(16.8%) respondents reported that death, treatment cost, and production loss were the major economic losses caused by anthrax respectively. In the area, burying (31.2%), and burning (30.8%) were the methods practiced to control and prevent anthrax but 19.2% of the respondents didn’t know what to do. And, when their animals died from anthrax, 101(40.4%) buried, 55(22%) burnt, 45(18%) left on the ground, and 21(8.4%) skinned the dead carcass. Consumption of raw meat and contact with dead carcasses were the routes of transmission for anthrax. However, 31.2% of respondents disagree consumption of raw meat as a source of infection for human anthrax. And, about 42% of the respondents reported that anthrax isn’t transmitted from animals to humans. The majority of the respondents (73.6%) didn’t take any protective and control measures when their animals were affected by anthrax. Therefore, continuous awareness creation is required in the society to control and prevent the disease. Proper disposal of carcasses should be practiced. Regular vaccination of farm animals was also recommended.
Chamki Bukhar (Acute Encephalitic Syndrome) Versus Sarsam–Comparing the Similarities
Authors: Ibran Md. , A. Naz Raghib , Naaz Shahraf , Alam Md. Tanwir
Published: August 2024

The Gangetic area of Bihar is plagued by a serious health problem called Acute Encephalitic Syndrome popularly known as Chamki Bukhar, where the chamki means seizures. The most impacted age range is 1 to 15 years old. In Bihar, the syndrome is also known as, litchi fever, and Navkabukhar (Civils daily, 2021; https://www.bhaskar.com/national/news/chamki-fever-kills-more-than-125-kids-in-bihar-01573751.html, 2023). Children who suffer from the acute neurological disease Chamki Bukhar have a significant case fatality rate (CFR). In 1995, Muzaffarpur and the surrounding areas received the first reports of it. The condition, which affects the central nervous system, can result in serious problems, epileptic convulsions, and even death. The CFR of this illness is extremely high, and survivors may experience varying degrees of neurological damage. A quarter of the affected youngsters are thought to pass away, and of those who do, between 30 and 40 percent experience physical and mental damage. Clinical symptoms of Chamki Bukhar include the development of an acute febrile illness, altered mental status, including confusion, disorientation, speech impediment, and coma, together with or without a recent onset of seizures. In 2014, the CFR is 355. Since 1995, the instance of Chamki Bukhar in the Gangetic area of Bihar has been reported annually, primarily in the months of April to October. Despite efforts by research organisations and national and international health agencies, there is still no tangible remedy. Since many etiological explanations have been proposed, but none have been conclusively proven. Therefore, the Unani System of Medicine (USM), which gives a logical approach in even emerging and new diseases, must be used to address and explore this serious health concern. This article will lay the groundwork for a novel strategy, idea, and resolution that could mark a turning point in future research on Chamki Bukhar
Effect of Water Intervals on Some Agronomic Traits and Yield Components Parameters and Seed Yield of Two Soybean (Glycine max. L) Cultivars in Semi-Arid Conditions
Authors: Adam Ali Adam Yousif , Ibrahim Muhi eldeen Hussien , Osman Yagoub Samia
Published: August 2024

Drought stress, considered the most limiting abiotic factor for plant growth and development, compared to other stress types, has a strong effect on grain yield, limiting crop production in both tropical and subtropical regions. In present studies we evaluated effects of different water interval (7, 14 and 21 days) on growth traits, yield and yield components of two soybean varieties (indeterminate variety and determinate variety) under semi-arid regions. We observed that there were significant differences between water interval, varieties and interaction between water interval and varieties for most of parameters. Moreover, water interval every 21 days significantly decreased plant height, leaf area, weight of plant, number of seeds per plant, weight of seeds per plant and final seed yield by 16.3%, 45.5%, 17.5%, 16.6%, 23.3% and 15.3%, respectively as compared with water interval every 7 days. Water interval every 14 days recorded the highest seed yield by 1908.4 kg/h, while water interval every 21 day recoded the lowest seed yield. Determinate variety recorded the high weight of seed yield compared with that of indeterminate variety under the study conditions with irrigation treatments applied. In conclusion, the soybean cultivars used in this study were very sensitive to water stress during the growth season. Therefore, timely scheduled and proper irrigation management is essential to improve plant growth and yield potential.
Predicting the Occurrence of New Vertebral Fractures Using the Vertebral Bone Quality Score
Authors: Yokota Takeru , Otani Koji , Endo Yuji , Tominaga Ryoji , Kameda Takuya , Kobayashi Kenji , Watanabe Takehiro , Sekiguchi Miho , Konno Shin-ichi , Matsumoto Yoshihiro
Published: August 2024

Background:

Previous studies have recognized the potential of the Vertebral Bone Quality (VBQ) score for predicting fractures. However, these studies often have lacked longitudinal perspectives and have not focused on community populations. Our study aimed to enhance the predictive capacity of the VBQ score by investigating its correlation with new vertebral fractures (NVFs) that were detected 11 years later in a community-based cohort and by developing a comprehensive prediction model.

Methods:

This study was a population-based study conducted in the Minami-Aizu area in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. One hundred and thirty participants voluntarily underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar spine in 2004 and 2015. VBQ scores were ascertained from the 2004 scans. NVFs that occurred between 2004 and 2015 were detected based on a ≥20% reduction in vertebral height on the midsagittal sections of the MRI. Other predictors that were considered included age, sex, body mass index, smoking history, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, and existing vertebral fractures (EVFs). A logistic regression analysis was conducted.

Results:

The logistic regression analysis indicated that the VBQ score, age, sex, and EVFs were significant predictors of NVFs. The prediction model showed an area under the curve of 0.84, suggesting excellent discriminatory power. The calibration capacity was confirmed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.

Conclusions:

The VBQ score was significantly correlated with the long-term incidence of NVFs in a community population. The prediction model exhibited satisfactory discrimination and calibration capacities, highlighting the use of the VBQ score as a potential tool for long-term prediction of NVFs.

Level of Evidence:

PrognosticLevel II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Market Orientation Drives Competitive Edge and Performance in Indonesian MSMEs
Authors: Oktaviah Ainnia Dewi , Sari Dewi Komala
Published: August 2024

This study examines the impact of Product Innovation and Market Orientation on Marketing Performance, with Competitive Advantage as an intermediate variable, among MSMEs in Desa Kejapanan, Gempol. Using a sample of 70 respondents and analyzing data with Path Analysis via SmartPLS 3.0, the findings reveal that Product Innovation positively but insignificantly affects Marketing Performance, whereas Market Orientation has a significant positive impact. Both Product Innovation and Market Orientation significantly enhance Competitive Advantage, which in turn significantly improves Marketing Performance. The results underscore the importance of customer-oriented strategies and quality product innovations for better marketing outcomes. Future research should include variables like Digital Marketing and Social Media Advertising to further explore marketing performance improvements.
Highlights:
1. Market Orientation: Significantly boosts Competitive Advantage and Marketing Performance.2. Product Innovation: Positively affects Marketing Performance, not significantly.3. Future Research: Include Digital Marketing and Social Media Advertising variables.
Keywords: Product Innovation, Market Orientation, Marketing Performance, Competitive Advantage, MSMEs
SULTAN’IN HAYIRSEVER PAŞALARI: 17. YÜZYIL OSMANLI PAŞA VAKFİYELERİNE KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR YAKLAŞIMA DOĞRU
Authors: Eroğlu Memiş Şerife
Published: August 2024

Çalışma, Osmanlı yönetici elitinin en üst kademelerinde yer alan ve Osmanlı coğrafyasının çeşitli şehirlerinde vakıflar kuran Osmanlı paşalarını kurmuş oldukları vakıflara ait vakfiyeleri bakımından incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Böylece, 17. yüzyılda Osmanlı vakıf kurma pratiklerine dair önemli bazı hususlar gündeme getirilecektir. Bu paşalar gerek merkezde gerekse taşrada görev almaları ve vakfiyelerinin gerek İstanbul, Balkanlar, Orta ve Batı Anadolu ve gerekse Arap vilayetlerinde tanzim edilmeleri dolayısıyla seçilmiştir. Çalışma iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde vakfiyeler şekil bakımından analiz edilecektir. Vakfiyeler, arşiv ve kayıt numaraları, tanzim ve tescil tarihleri ile yer ve dil özellikleri bakımından incelenmeye çalışılacaktır. İkinci bölümde ise vakfiyeler içerik bakımından sekiz ayrı başlıkta detaylı bir şekilde ele alınacaktır.
Çalışma Değerlerine Etkisi Bakımından Türk Kültür Tarihinde Çalışma Ahlakı: Divan-ı Hikmet’ten Örnekler
Authors: İlhan Ümit Deniz
Published: August 2024

Edebi eserler; toplumlarda algı, tutum ve davranışı ortaya koymaları bakımından ortak hafızanın somut yansımalarıdır. Söz konusu eserler, içine doğdukları kültürel öğeleri zaman ve mekân ötesine taşıma gibi bir fonksiyonu da üstlenmişlerdir. Bu gerçekten yola çıkarak çalışma değerlerine etkisi bakımından Türk kültür tarihinde çalışma ahlakının izleri, Türk İslam dünyasının manevi hayatında yüzyıllardır önemi devam eden Ahmed Yesevi’nin Divan-ı Hikmet’i nitel analiz yöntemi kapsamında içerik analizine tabi tutularak ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan analizde özünün kâmil insan olma yolundaki insanın manevi eğitimi olan Divan-ı Hikmet’te kâmil insan olmaya ithaf edilen temel niteliklerin; çalışma hayatında i) adaleti gözeten, ii) sürekli öğrenmeyi önemseyen, iii) tutku ile çalışan, iv) güvenilir, v) toleranslı, vi) sebatkar, vii) sevgi dolu, viii) iyimser ve xix) yardımsever olmaya karşılık geldiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Böylece Türk kültürü bağlamında çalışma ahlakının içinin kâmil insan niteliklerinin düstur edinilip meleke haline dönüştürülmesi ile doldurulabileceği ve etkisi altında olan çalışma değerlerinin çerçevesinin çizilebileceği yönünde öneriler sunulmuştur.
Orta Çağ Türk ve Batılı Kadınının Üç Kült Eser Üzerinden Toplumsal ve Edebi Temsili
Authors: Yıldız Nazan
Published: August 2024

Bir milletin varoluşu, yaşamı ve kültürü üzerine eşsiz bilgiler içeren destanlar hem tarih hem de kültürün taşıyıcıları olarak aynı zamanda o milletin kimliğini temsil ederler. Türk Dünyasını yansıtan kült bir destan olarak kabul edilen Dede Korkut Kitabı pek çok araştırmacı tarafından farklı yönleriyle ele alınmış ve bu incelemede insanlığın doğuşundan günümüze kadar uzanan kadın sorunu da yerini almıştır. Türk kadınının toplumdaki rolü ve önemi bağlamında Dede Korkut Kitabı üzerinden yapılan çalışmaların yanı sıra Batılı kadın ile yapılan karşılaştırmalı çalışmalarda Batı edebiyatının kült destanlarından kronolojik olarak Dede Korkut’tan çok daha önce gerçekleşen olayları konu edinmesine rağmen bir destan örneği olması sebebiyle İngiliz destanı Beowulf’a odaklanan incelemeler yoğunluktadır. Hâlbuki Dede Korkut’taki olayların resmedildiği ve kaleme alındığı zamanda Batı edebiyatında destanların yerini romanslar almıştır. Dede Korkut Kitabı’nın çağdaşı romanslar ile karşılaştırılması ise henüz yapılmamıştır. Bu doğrultuda Dede Korkut’ta resmedilen Türk kadını imgesinin Batı edebiyatındaki Batılı kadını imgesi ile karşılaştırmasını yaparken batılı çağdaşları romans kadınlarını irdelemenin alana katkı sağlayacağı muhakkaktır. Bu makalede Orta Çağ Türk ve Batılı Kadının toplumdaki yeri ve önemi Türk ve Batı edebiyatının üç kült eseri olan Dede Korkut Hikâyeleri, Sir Gawain ve Yeşil Şövalye, ve Arthur’un Ölümü metinleri üzerinden geniş bir sosyal ve edebi çerçevede karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir.
Comparative economic analysis of urban sanitation interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Ross Simon , Fane Simon , Foster Tim
Published: August 2024

This review assesses evaluative criteria for least-cost economic analyses of citywide inclusive sanitation (CWIS) interventions, focusing on their alignment with the practical needs for decision support in low- and middle-income countries. We examined the literature from 2003 to 2022 that compares the costs and benefits of urban sanitation interventions to analyse their capacity to select cost-efficient and equitable urban sanitation options. The analysis revealed that finer disaggregation of cost perspectives could better articulate the diverse demands for services. Furthermore, options for comparison should be framed in addition to the diverse service provision models already existing within a context to ensure these perspectives are included. Developing the capacity to forecast a context-specific without-project scenario, using locally derived cost data as a basis of comparison, will be essential for adhering to CWIS planning principles. In addition, involving marginalised users more effectively in decision-making processes within economic analyses is essential for advancing equitable service provision. Future comparative economic analysis studies should embrace the complexities of CWIS contexts by supplementing broad-scale comparisons with detailed, context-sensitive evaluations to support more inclusive urban sanitation planning.
Periodate activation via metals and metal-based complexes: progress in degradation properties and mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Nianyou , Sun Li , Xu Shuo , Wei Hongyan , Song Tiehong
Published: August 2024

Residuals of refractory organics in water create a deep hazard to the water environment and human health, hence it is urgent to develop efficient approaches to remove refractory organics. Being a novel oxidizer, periodate (PI, IO4-) is considered to be stable and efficient in advanced oxidation processes for degrading refractory organics, such as antibiotics, dyes, pesticides, etc. Since the activity of PI alone is low, it is necessary to activate the PI to form active species in effectively removing organics. The studies of PI activation via monometallic, bimetallic, metal oxides, metal complexes, etc., have obtained more concerns owing to the high efficiency in decomposing organics. However, no reviews related to these studies have been published in recent years. This review summarized the properties and uses of PI, analyzed degradation properties and mechanisms of various metals and metal-based complexes in activating PI to remove refractory organics, and highlighted the limitations of these processes as well as the future research directions.
ANÁLISE DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE STARTUPS E O ÍNDICE DE DESENVOLVIMENTO MUNICIPAL SUSTENTÁVEL: UM ESTUDO NOS PRINCIPAIS POLOS DE INOVAÇÃO DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Gnoato Fabiano , FABRIS JULIANA , Barichello Rodrigo , SILVA GIVANILDO
Published: August 2024

O estudo tem por objetivo identificar a relação entre o número startups e o índice de desenvolvimento municipal sustentável dos municípios catarinenses. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva por meio de estudo qualitativo, com dados secundários coletados no site da FECAM e da ABSTARTUPS. Utilizou-se a técnica da análise comparativa. Dentre os principais achados destacam-se os que indicam haver uma relação entre startups e o desenvolvimento da região, como exemplo a cidade de Joinville que possui bons números de startups e boa classificação nos IDMS (0,740), porém há achados que indicam que não há essa relação, como exemplo a cidade de Florianópolis, que se destaca nacionalmente como polo de startups, porém esse bom resultado não se refletiu no desempenho dos IDMS (0,698). O trabalho traz benefícios sociais sobre o impacto das startups no desenvolvimento da região e evidencia elementos importantes para o campo acadêmico relacionado ao estudo de startups e dos IDMS. Ademais, abre uma oportunidade de pesquisa considerando que são apontados resultados que ratificam a importância das startups para o desenvolvimento da região e achados que trazem que as startups não impactam necessariamente de forma positiva no desenvolvimento da região.
Analysis of Students' Science Process Skills Profile: Case Study in Pekanbaru
Authors: Jannah M. , Zulirfan Z. , Suzanti F.
Published: August 2024

The skills of the science process are crucial in science learning, yet they have not been fully maximized in science learning activities. The research aimed to analyze the profile of students' science process skills in Pekanbaru. The study used a descriptive method with a survey technique of students in class VII of SMPN 23 Pekanbaru for the 2023/2024 academic year. The sample was selected using a simple random sampling technique of 70 students, consisting of 33 students from VII Hang Tuah and 37 students from VII Hang Jebat. The instrument used a sheet of science process skills test consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions covering indicators observing, classifying, measuring and using numbers, inferring, communicating, formulating problems, formulating hypotheses, controlling variables, planning experiments, and interpreting data. The data collection technique involved distributing the science process skills test to students. The data analysis technique was done quantitatively by calculating the percentage score of students' science process skills per indicator based on students' test answers. The results showed that the percentage of students' science process skills overall is 54%, categorized as sufficient. The highest percentage is in the observation skill at 91%, while the lowest percentage is in the variable control skill at 10%. The poor science process skills are communication, variable control, experimental planning, and data interpretation. The research recommends further research as an initial stage in
The Analysis of S.T.E.M Education Lesson Plan in Curriculum 2013
Authors: Rahmaniar A. , Purnamasari S. , Abdurrahman D. , Setyawarno D. , Mahmoud H. A.
Published: August 2024

The integration of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) Education is essential to develop students' abilities, such as creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, and communication. Teachers should create a lesson plan that integrates STEM education to implement STEM Education into the learning process. The purpose of this research is to analyze the lesson plans from preservice teachers in science education programs and establish a standardized lesson plan that integrates STEM Education. The method used descriptive analysis that describes the characteristics of STEM Education lesson plans using a rubric, adapted from another journal. The rubric has 20 indicators to analyze the lesson plans, with four levels - no evidence of, inadequate, needs improvement, and adequate. Most of the lesson plans met the standard but still require improvement and development. For the identity section, 50% of the lesson plans needed improvement. For the learning process, more than 50% of the lesson plans required improvement, but they were adequate for scientific activities. For the assessment and resources section, there was an equal distribution of lesson plans that needed improvement and adequate level. However, up to 70% of the lesson plans were on an adequate level for using a different media in the learning process.
Exploration the Ethnoscience of Gasing Game from Malay Riau Culture and its Potential for Physics Learning
Authors: Elviana T. , Liliawati W. , Sriyati S.
Published: August 2024

Gasing is a traditional game played by the Malay people of Riau, crafted from wood shaped like an inflated fruit, with a rope made from bark. This game is played by the Malay community in Riau to spend time with friends and to celebrate special occasions in the province. The research explored the methods of making and playing gasing by the Malay people of Riau and analyzed the physics concepts involved in the game. This qualitative study employed a literature review, observation, and interviews. The literature review examines Malay culture and gasing games. Observations were conducted in Siak Regency to directly observe the gasing games, including the tools and materials used, the game rules, and player interactions. Interviews with cultural experts provided insights into the cultural significance and traditional knowledge of the Malay community about the game. The findings reveal that gasing is made using merbau wood (Intsia bijuga) and bebaru bark (Thespesia populnea). In play gasing, the rope is wound around the body of the gasing, and the player takes a stance holding the gasing. The Gasing is then thrown to the ground with a sharp jerk of the rope, causing it to spin rapidly and for a long duration. Observations identified several physics concepts in the game, including balance, mass distribution, friction force, moment of inertia, rotational motion, angular momentum, kinetic energy, and surface area. The application of physics concepts in gasing highlights its potential as a valuable resource for ethnoscience-based physics learning.
Attitude in disaster reports in Indonesian newspaper: A critical discourse analysis
Authors: Namira Ade , Setia Eddy , Mono Umar , Rangkuti Rahmadsyah , Fithriani Rahmah
Published: August 2024

Examining disaster reports in Indonesia is critical, as it provides essential insights into people perceptions and reactions to the frequent natural disasters. Disaster reports were examined through its communicative element including attitude to see the viewpoints of the newspaper towards disaster reports. The objectives of this research are to categorize attitudes, explain how attitudes are realized, and explain why attitudes are realized in disaster reporting in Indonesian newspaper, especially The Jakarta Post (TJP). Using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as the analytical framework, a qualitative method was employed. The data is analyzed using Martin and White's theory of appraisal (2005). A corpus of 14 TJP newspaper articles on Indonesian natural disasters published in 2021 is broken down into clauses denoting attitude. The results of the study indicate: 1) there are three different attitude types, with appreciation being the most prevalent and having a predominately negative polarity, 2) the attitude realization reveals that TJP is the most dominant appraiser, followed by the authorities, and 3) the realization is attributed to two themes namely self-claimed recognition and neglect of self-failure, and one tone multiple perspectives which means negative attitudes dominantly voiced by different appraisers. The themes reveal the newspaper's concealed ideology points to a narrative of critique and disillusionment, which may shape the readers' understanding of the disasters and the associated societal responses.
The effect of semantic reversibility of agent-target of transitive utterances on utterance structure in Bisindo Yogyakarta
Authors: Dewi Linda Yusfita , Anjarningsih Harwintha Y.
Published: August 2024

The flexibility of utterance structure can be influenced by semantic factors. At this level, structures can vary in terms of the positions of the constituents, namely subject, predicate, or object. To see how far semantics plays a role in the flexibility of structures, this research aims to investigate how the semantic reversibility of agent-target influences the structure of the resulting BISINDO Yogyakarta signs. The data source for this research was video-recorded signs that had been transcribed into utterances. The data collection instrument used was a collection of pictures that was used to stimulate deaf individuals to produce signed utterances. The results showed that there were differences in the resulting structure. (1) Non-reversible utterance structures tended to produce single-clauses with various patterns dominated by SPO and SOP structures. This diversity was predominantly influenced by the classification of targets, appropriate hand movements, and the omission of the agents. Meanwhile, reversible stimuli tended to produce two structures, namely single-clauses dominated by SPO and multi-clauses dominated by SPO P. The multi-clause structure was the structure that dominated reversible utterances. The complexity of the structure of this reversible content was characterized by an agent-target indexical description, and the involvement of actions/expressions of action targets. This proved the notion that the indexical description found in almost all multi-clause structures was the preference of deaf individuals in avoiding potential ambiguity between agent-target. Just like spoken languages universally, sign languages such as BISINDO in the Yogyakarta region and BISINDO in the Jakarta region also shared linguistic features.
SPATIOTEMPORAL OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO2) CONCENTRATION IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Shafie Siti Haslina , Adli Ramli Muhammad Wafiy , Lee Abdullah Anisah
Published: August 2024

The high concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) directly results in Klang Valley’s air quality deterioration, causing a public health risk. This study was conducted to analyse the daily-averaged and annual concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on a spatial-temporal scale at five continuous monitoring stations under the Department of Environment (DOE) in Klang Valley, namely, Klang, Shah Alam, Petaling Jaya, Kajang, and Cheras from 2000 to 2009 using Man-Kendall statistical analysis and interpolation technique in Geographic Information System (GIS). The result clearly showed that the Petaling Jaya station was identified as the most polluted compared to other stations, with an average concentration of more than 0.050 ppm every year and reaching the maximum concentration of 0.069 ppm where the mean was 0.030 in 2001. Based on the p-value derived from the Mann-Kendall statistical analysis, the Klang, Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam, and Cheras stations recorded a significant trend with p-values < 0.05 at 0.0001 and 0.020, respectively. The annual concentration of NO2 in all the stations was in the range of 0.015 to 0.04 ppm from 2004 to 2009, compared to 0.005 to 0.01 ppm from 2000 to 2003. The highest annual-averaged NO2 concentration was reported at the Petaling Jaya station between 0.035 and 0.004 ppm for all years except 2007 and 2009 when concentrations were in the 0.03 to 0.035 ppm. Notably, the Petaling Jaya station had the highest annual NO2 concentration, which ranged from 0.025 to 0.04 ppm due to emissions from motor vehicles.  The major pressure on road infrastructure was recognised, mainly a lack of space to accommodate the effect of the maximum density of motor vehicles and traffic, resulting in traffic congestion in the city centre.
Acceptability and Usability of a Digital Behavioral Health Platform for Youth at Risk of Suicide: User-centered Design Study with Patients, Practitioners, and Business Gatekeepers (Preprint)
Authors: Tse Trinity , Weiner Lauren , Funkhouser Carter , DeLuise Danielle , Cullen Colleen , Blumkin Zachary , O'Brien Casey , Auerbach Randy , Allen Nicholas
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Youth suicide rates are climbing, underscoring the need to improve clinical care. Personal smartphones can provide an understanding of proximal risk factors associated with suicide and facilitate consistent contact between patients and practitioners to improve treatment engagement and effectiveness. The Vira digital behavior change platform (Vira) consists of a patient smartphone app and a web-based practitioner portal (Vira Pro) that integrates objective mobile sensing data with HIPAA-compliant communication tools. Through Vira, practitioners can continuously assess patients’ real-world behavior and provide clinical tools to enhance treatment via just in time behavior change support.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the acceptability and usability of the minimal viable product (MVP) version of Vira through a user-centered design (UCD) approach, and to identify barriers to implementing Vira in the context of an adolescent intensive outpatient program.

METHODS

Over two iterative phases, feedback was gathered from adolescent patients (n=16), mental health practitioners (n=11), and business gatekeepers (n=5). The mixed-methods UCD approach included individual semi-structured interviews (e.g., perspectives on treatment, attitudes towards digital tools), surveys (e.g., usability), and unmoderated user testing sessions (e.g., user experience).

RESULTS

Overall, participants expressed optimism regarding Vira, particularly among adolescents, who showed high satisfaction with the app’s interface and design. However, clinicians reported more mixed views, agreeing that it would be useful in treatment but also expressing concerns about the volume and displays of patient data in Vira Pro, workload management, and boundaries. Gatekeepers identified usability issues and implementation barriers related to electronic health records but also recognized Vira’s potential to enhance treatment outcomes. Feedback from stakeholders informed several crucial changes to the platform, including adjustments to data sharing protocols, user interface enhancements, and modifications to training methods.

CONCLUSIONS

Vira has high potential to improve patient engagement and improve clinical outcomes among high-risk youth. Iterative UCD and ongoing stakeholder engagement are essential for developing technology-based interventions that effectively meet the needs of diverse end users and align with clinical workflows.

CLINICALTRIAL

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Study of the stress-strain state of models of various options for osteosynthesis of tibia bones with diaphyseal fractures in the middle third in children with imperfect osteogenesis and incomplete growth. Part 2. Torsion
Authors: Korzh M.O. , Khmyzov S.O. , Katsalap E.S. , Karpinsky M.Yu. , Yaresko O.V.
Published: August 2024

Background. Osteogenesis imperfecta is accompanied by multiple fractures of skeletal bones, the development of progressive deformations of the limb bones and, as a result, impaired support, and walking. The most common mean for stabilizing bone fragments in the treatment of fractures due to osteogenesis imperfecta are intramedullary fixators of various designs. The treatment of this disease requires a long time, therefore, the use of internal fixators without the possibility of their extension during skeletal growth leads to an increase in the frequency of repeated surgical interventions due to the need for their replacement. Goal: to investigate the stress-strain state of the lower leg models under the influence of torsional load in conditions of a fracture of both bones in the middle third and their osteosynthesis using intramedullary rods of various designs in children with osteogenesis imperfecta and incomplete growth. Materials and methods. Mathematical modeling was carried out of two options for osteosynthesis of tibia bones with a fracture in the middle third in children with osteogenesis imperfecta: 1) a rod without rotational stability; 2) a rod with rotational stability. During the research, the stress-strain state of the models under the influence of torsional load was studied. Results. A rod with rotational stability during tibial osteosynthesis allows reducing the stress along the fracture line to 0.3 MPa. In other zones, the stress remains at the same level as when using a rotationally unstable rod. The main advantage provided by a rod with rotational stability in tibial osteosynthesis under the influence of torsional loads is the reduction of the stress along the fracture line to 0.3 MPa, which is important in the treatment of children with osteogenesis imperfecta. Conclusions. Under torsional loads, a rod with rotational stability provides a 10 times lower stress along the fracture line compared to a rotationally unstable rod.
Surgical tactics for distal tibial fractures. Literature review
Authors: Buryanov O.A. , Tsapenko H.S. , Omelchenko T.M.
Published: August 2024

Background. Fractures of the distal tibial epimetaphysis (pilon fracture) account for 5–7 % of all tibial fractures and 10–15 % of all lower extremity bone fractures. The percentage of treatment failure in pilon fractures remains high and reaches 38–40 %. An important factor causing this is the lack of algorithms, accepted treatment protocols, and a system for predicting the effects of therapy. Purpose of the study: to analyze the features of modern surgical tactics in case of distal tibia fractures, to identify controversial and unresolved issues, to outline the possible reasons for a significant number of poor treatment outcomes, as well as to outline ways to improve them. Materials and methods. A review of 878 publications in the PubMed database over the past 15 years was conducted. 210 publications were selected and analyzed. The methods of analytical and descriptive statistics are applied. Results. Among the most debatable issues in the literature regarding which there is no consensus or a generally accepted approach that has evidence and justified tactics, the following should be highlighted: the choice of the time of surgical intervention; selection of method and means of fixation; rational tactics for osteosynthesis conversion; necessity and significance of fibula restoration during the treatment of pilon fractures; the importance of osteoplasty and the priority of restoring tibial anatomy according to the “column” principle; the place of primary arthrodesis in the surgical treatment for pilon fractures. Conclusions. These issues require further research with the development of new substantiated algorithmized treatment protocols based on a sufficient evidence base and a system for predicting the outcomes.
Research on the Communication Thought of Lin Qiansan and Guo Moruo in Music Historiography
Authors: Xiaoya Dong
Published: August 2024

The exchange of musical historiographical ideas between Lin Qisan and Guo Moruo reflects the exchange of musical academic ideas between China and Japan in the early 20th century, and is a reflection of the exchange and convergence of historical views, perspectives, and research methods in Chinese and Japanese music historiography, as well as the formation of their musical ideas under the joint action of Japanese sinological and Chinese historical thinking. At the beginning of the 20th century, China was faced with a dilemma, both politically and culturally, as to whether to adopt full Westernization or to adhere to Chinese culture? Or should stick to Chinese culture? Many scholars went to Japan to search answers to the question of whether to adopt full Westernization or to adhere to Chinese culture, and how to learn from the success of Japan’s modern reformation. Chinese and Japanese cultural scholars, including Li Shutong, Zeng Zhimin, Guo Moruo and Lin Qiansan, all expressed their cultural orientation and research thoughts in the ideological dialogue of cultural exchange. Among them, Shutong Li, Zhimin Zeng et al.’s practice in music in the Academy, Lin Qiansan and Guo Moruo et al.’s exploration of music theory, Tanabe’s “History of Chinese Music”, and Lin Qiansan’s “Study on Yan Music in the Sui and Tang Dynasties” are all brief reflections of the musical cultural exchanges between China and Japan in the last century. In particular, Guo Moruo ‘s translation of Lin Qiansan’s “Study of Yan Music Tunes in the Sui and Tang Dynasties” has become an important academic reference for later scholars studying the culture of Yan music in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. At the same time, Qiansan Lin and Guo Moruo’s music thought also profoundly influenced the construction of music historiography in Japan and China. This paper argues that, if want to explore the spirituality of the ideas of Lin Qisan and Guo Moruo in the turbulent environment of the intersection and collision of Chinese and Japanese cultural thoughts in the 20th century, the cultural and ideological backgrounds of Lin Qiansan and Guo Moruo, their coinciding academic perspectives, and the revelation and significance of the interaction of musical ideas in their respective times should be analyzed and studied.
Musician Do Nhuan and Opera Composing Career
Authors: Lam Do Thi
Published: August 2024

Since the musical play Co Sao by musician Do Nhuan, the first Vietnamese opera, was born in 1965 until now, our country's opera art has gone more than half a century. Although it is not a long journey, not yet a massive opera with many works with the participation of many musicians, Vietnamese opera has made great contributions to the country's music, creating a grandeur, a meaningful voice internationally about a musical genre with a large form that requires high artistic composition techniques and methods; affirming the richness, erudition as well as the development of the compositional style of the team of professional music composers. The contributions of Vietnamese opera composers such as Nhat Lai, Nguyen Dinh Tan, Hoang Viet, and Luu Huu Phuoc are truly worthy of recognition and the first person to mention is musician Do Nhuan. Musician Do Nhuan has made great contributions to opera, which is the merit of pioneering a professional music genre, which requires a high level of composers, performers, and audience. Moreover, it is the merit of the musician who has contributed a larger number of opera works than other musicians (up to now, March 2023): 3 operas (Co Sao, Nguoi tac tuong, Nguyen Trai).