bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasites and Enteric Bacterial Infections among Selected Region Food Handlers of Ethiopia during 2014–2022: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Girma Abayeneh , Aemiro Aleka
Published: October 2022

Food-borne disease due to intestinal parasites (IPs) and enteric bacterial infections (EBIs) remain a major public health problem. Food handlers, individuals involved in preparing and serving food, working with poor personal hygiene could pose a potential threat of spreading IPs and EBIs to the public. The aim of this study was to examine the overall prevalence and risk factors of IPs and EBIs among food handlers in four selected regions of Ethiopia. Scientific articles written in English were recovered from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and other sources from Google Engine and University Library Databases. “Prevalence,” “Intestinal Parasites,” “Enteric Bacterial Infections,” “Associated Factors,” “Food Handlers,” and “Ethiopia” were the search terms used for this study. For critical appraisal, PRISMA 2009 was applied. Stata software version 16 was used to perform the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated using Cochran’s Q, inverse variance (I2), and funnel plot asymmetry tests. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled burden of IPs and EBIs and its associated factors among food handlers, along with the parallel odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). For this meta-analysis, a total of 5844 food handlers were included in the 20 eligible studies. The overall pooled prevalence of IPs and EBIs among food handlers in four selected regions of Ethiopia was 29.16% (95% CI: 22.61, 35.71), with covering (25.77%) and (3.39%) by IPs and EBIs, respectively. Ascaris lumbricoides, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Giardia lamblia, and hookworm were the most prevalent IPs among food handlers with a pooled prevalence of 7.58%, 6.78%, 3.67%, and 2.70%, respectively. Salmonella and Shigella spp. were the most prevalent EBIs among food handlers with a pooled prevalence of 2.78% and 0.61%, respectively. A high prevalence of IPs and EBIs among food handlers was observed in Oromia (38.56%; 95% CI: 29.98, 47.14), while a low prevalence was observed in the Tigray region (19.45%; 95% CI: 6.08, 32.82). Food handlers who had not taken food hygiene training (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: −0.34, 1.69), untrimmed finger nail (OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.47, 2.99), lack of periodic medical checkup (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 0.41, 2.64), lack of handwashing habits (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 0.53, 3.41), and eating raw vegetables and meat (OR: 2.63, 95% CI: 0.92, 4.34) were factors significantly associated with the prevalence of IPs and EBIs. The prevalence of IPs and EBIs was high in the selected Ethiopian region (Amhara, Oromia, SNNPR, and Tigray) food handlers along an increasing prevalence trend from 2014 to 2022. Therefore, this study recommends the provision of proper health education and training regarding personal hygiene, hand washing, food handling, medical checks, as well as raw vegetable and meat safety.
IoT Speech Recognition Application in Mass Sports Data Monitoring Based on Dynamic Adaptive Recommendation Algorithm
Authors: Song Meng
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the existing dynamic adaptive recommendation methods are studied, which combine the practical application scheme of transforming the actual dynamic adaptive recommendation problem into user microblog information. After that, a dynamic adaptive weight fusion method is proposed and based on experimental verification, a real-time dynamic adaptive recommendation system is finally designed. The speech recognition of the Internet of Things takes natural language problems as the research object for a long time and takes the sound signal as the research topic. This paper analyzes the application of dynamic adaptive recommendation and Internet of Things speech recognition in mass sports data monitoring. The simulation results show that the system in this paper is convenient for users to monitor the exercise indicators in real time through the mobile client, and at the same time query the exercise historical data and compare the exercise data through the network terminal, thereby improving the exercise method and exercise load. Users can access the motion monitoring module and see the past floating state of motion parameters more intuitively than graphs, contains queries for metrics such as heart rate, body temperature, kinetic energy, pulse, and weight. Due to the diversity and complexity of people’s differences, personal characteristics and business environments, sports data monitoring systems also need to be designed according to the scope of use. This paper analyzes the requirements for a motion data monitoring system and provides the system architecture design and basic data for producing detailed information for the system.
Safety Monitoring System and Method for Unmanned Operation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Distribution Network Based on Learning Control Robot Technology
Authors: Jia Boyan , Jiang Yihu , Ma Tianxiang , Duan Xin , Li Dan , Jia Jingran , Li Xiaoyu
Published: October 2022

The continuous expansion of the scale of power grid construction has led to the emergence and development of the uninterrupted operation of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) distribution network. However, in the actual power production process, due to the limitations of operating conditions and environment, power safety accidents are inevitable. With the support of intelligent technology, the monitoring effect and application level of the safety monitoring system for the uninterrupted operation of the UAV distribution network have been improved. Unified planning and scheduling were carried out throughout the job implementation process. The efficiency of equipment safety management has been strengthened, which is of great practical significance to the safe production of electric power. Based on the analysis of the environmental characteristics and implementation difficulties of the unmanned aerial vehicle distribution network, this paper studied the safety monitoring system and method by combining the high intelligence and high-efficiency characteristics of the learning control robot technology. The designed unmanned aerial vehicle distribution network safety monitoring system and method were tested. In order to understand the effect of the system intuitively, this paper analyzed from three aspects: system sensitivity, anti-interference, and data acquisition and management. It also contrasted with traditional monitoring systems. The test data showed that the sensitivity test value of the traditional monitoring system in the R1 circuit with the lowest voltage intensity was 71.3%. In the R4 circuit with the strongest voltage intensity, the test value only reached 84.4%. The test values of the system in this paper in the two types of circuits were 85.6% and 93.3%, respectively. In the data acquisition and management test, the acquisition and management rates under the highest numerical information could reach more than 97%. It can be seen that it has strong feasibility in actual operation.
Fitted Tension Spline Method for Singularly Perturbed Time Delay Reaction Diffusion Problems
Authors: Megiso Ermias Argago , Woldaregay Mesfin Mekuria , Dinka Tekle Gemechu
Published: October 2022

A uniformly convergent numerical method is presented for solving singularly perturbed time delay reaction-diffusion problems. Properties of the continuous solution are discussed. The Crank–Nicolson method is used for discretizing the temporal derivative, and an exponentially fitted tension spline method is applied for the spatial derivative. Using the comparison principle and solution bound, the stability of the method is analyzed. The proposed numerical method is second-order uniformly convergent. The theoretical analysis is supported by numerical test examples for various values of perturbation parameters and mesh size.
Association between Poor Quality of Sleep and Metabolic Syndrome in Ghanaian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yeboah Kwame , Dodam Kennedy K. , Agyekum Jennifer A. , Oblitey Jared N.
Published: October 2022

Aim. This study aimed to determine the association between quality of sleep and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and physical activity level in young adults at the University of Ghana. Method. In a cross-sectional design, 340 university students, aged between 20-30 years were recruited. Quality of sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index (PSQI) and physical activity with the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Poor quality of sleep was defined as a global PSQI score>5 and low physical activity level as those not meeting the criteria for vigorous-moderate physical activity. Anthropometric features and blood pressures were measured, and fasting blood samples were collected from the participants to measure plasma levels of glucose, lipid profile, urea, and creatinine. MetS was defined using the Joint Scientific Statement criteria. Results. In our study population of young adults from Ghana, the prevalence of poor quality of sleep as measured by PSQI was 54.1%, and MetS was 12.4%. MetS was associated with poor quality of sleep in females [

OR
 

95
%
CI

=
2.11

(1.04–4.25),

p
=
0.038

] and entire study participants [2.18 (1.09–4.37)

p
=
0.029

] in both crude and adjusted models; no association was found in male participants. Low physical activity status was not associated with poor sleep status. Obesity [1.32 (1.02–3.56),

p
=
0.043

], but not overweight [0.99 (0.58–2.34),

p
=
0.862

], was associated with poor quality of sleep. Conclusion. Young adults in a Ghanaian university have a high prevalence of poor quality of sleep and is associated with MetS and obesity. Physical activity status was not associated with poor quality of sleep.
Intelligent Construction Technology Adoption Driving Strategy in China: A Tripartite Evolutionary Game Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Li Lihong
Published: October 2022

The adoption of intelligent construction technology (ICT) is regarded as one of the important strategies for the transformation and upgrading of the Chinese construction industry and the achievement of high‐quality development. In the ICT adoption process, the government is the driving subject, the owner is an important subject, and ICT is applied in practice by the general contractor. This study first analyses the evolutionary process and the impact of participants’ strategy choices on the system equilibrium by establishing a tripartite evolutionary game framework which includes the government, the owner, and the general contractor as the main stakeholders; then tests the feasibility and rationality of the model by analysing the ESS corresponding to the three phases of ICT adoption. The results show that the conditions for each ESS to be established mainly depend on the relationship between the costs and benefits of each stakeholder, and that owners are more sensitive to government subsidies and penalties than general contractors, so the government should establish a dynamic reward and punishment mechanism based on the results of the model. High adoption costs are a key barrier to ICT adoption for both owners and general contractors. This paper provides a new framework for research related to ICT adoption and a reference for the strategic adjustment of stakeholders in ICT adoption.
[Retracted] Adipose‐Derived Stem Cell Exosomes Inhibit Hypertrophic Scaring Formation by Regulating Th17/Treg Cell Balance
Authors: Wang Hongtao , Li Yan , Yue Zhang , Liu Yang , Chen Qiaohua , Hu Dahai , Han Juntao
Published: October 2022

Aiming to reveal the role of ADCS‐Exos in secretion of inflammatory factors, Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation from naïve CD4+ T cells in hypertrophic scaring formation and maturation is explored. ELISA, qRT‐PCR, and immunoblotting are performed to assay the local inflammatory factors IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐17A, and TNF‐α, and transcriptional factors of RORϒt and Foxp3, in scaring tissue from patients and mice wound models treated with or without ADCS‐Exos. Immunohistochemistry staining and immunoblotting are conducted to assay the extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in vitro and in vivo. The results show that IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐17A, TNF‐α, RORϒt, and Foxp3 are increased on mRNA and protein levels in hypertrophic scaring compared with atrophic scaring and normal skin. Naïve CD4+ T cells treated with ADCS‐Exos in vitro can produce significantly less IL‐6, IL‐17A, TNF‐α, and RORϒt and more IL‐10 and Foxp3 on mRNA and protein levels. In addition, mice in ADSC‐Exos‐treated group demonstrate less collagen deposition; decreased IL‐17A, TNF‐α, and RORϒt; and increased IL‐10 and Foxp3 production.
The Mutational Landscape of Cancer's Vulnerability to Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Gopal Priyanka , Yard Brian D. , Petty Aaron , Lal Jessica C. , Bera Titas K. , Hoang Trung Q. , Buhimschi Alexandru D. , Abazeed Mohamed E.
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Large-scale sequencing efforts have established that cancer-associated genetic alterations are highly diverse, posing a challenge to the identification of variants that regulate complex phenotypes like radiation sensitivity. The impact of the vast majority of rare or common genetic variants on the sensitivity of cancers to radiotherapy remains largely unknown.

Experimental Design:

We developed a scalable gene editing and irradiation platform to assess the role of categories of variants in cells. Variants were prioritized on the basis of genotype–phenotype associations from a previously completed large-scale cancer cell line radiation profiling study. Altogether, 488 alleles (396 unique single-nucleotide variants) from 92 genes were generated and profiled in an immortalized lung cell line, BEAS-2B. We validated our results in other cell lines (TRT-HU1 and NCI-H520), in vivo via the use of both cell line and patient-derived murine xenografts, and in clinical cohorts.

Results:

We show that resistance to radiation is characterized by substantial inter- and intra-gene allelic variation. Some genes (e.g., KEAP1) demonstrated significant intragenic allelic variation in the magnitude of conferred resistance and other genes (e.g., CTNNB1) displayed both resistance and sensitivity in a protein domain-dependent manner. We combined results from our platform with gene expression and metabolite features and identified the upregulation of amino acid transporters that facilitate oxidative reductive capacity and cell-cycle deregulation as key regulators of radiation sensitivity.

Conclusions:

Our results reveal new insights into the genetic determinants of tumor sensitivity to radiotherapy and nominate a multitude of cancer mutations that are predicted to impact treatment efficacy.
Disabling Uncompetitive Inhibition of Oncogenic IDH Mutations Drives Acquired Resistance
Authors: Lyu Junhua , Liu Yuxuan , Gong Lihu , Chen Mingyi , Madanat Yazan F. , Zhang Yuannyu , Cai Feng , Gu Zhimin , Cao Hui , Kaphle Pranita , Kim Yoon Jung , Kalkan Fatma N. , Stephens Helen , Dickerson Kathryn E. , Ni Min , Chen Weina , Patel Prapti , Mims Alice S. , Borate Uma , Burd Amy , Cai Sheng F. , Yin C. Cameron , You M. James , Chung Stephen S. , Collins Robert H. , DeBerardinis Ralph J. , Liu Xin , Xu Jian
Published: October 2022

Mutations in IDH genes occur frequently in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other human cancers to generate the oncometabolite R-2HG. Allosteric inhibition of mutant IDH suppresses R-2HG production in a subset of patients with AML; however, acquired resistance emerges as a new challenge, and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we establish isogenic leukemia cells containing common IDH oncogenic mutations by CRISPR base editing. By mutational scanning of IDH single amino acid variants in base-edited cells, we describe a repertoire of IDH second-site mutations responsible for therapy resistance through disabling uncompetitive enzyme inhibition. Recurrent mutations at NADPH binding sites within IDH heterodimers act in cis or trans to prevent the formation of stable enzyme–inhibitor complexes, restore R-2HG production in the presence of inhibitors, and drive therapy resistance in IDH-mutant AML cells and patients. We therefore uncover a new class of pathogenic mutations and mechanisms for acquired resistance to targeted cancer therapies.

Significance:

Comprehensive scanning of IDH single amino acid variants in base-edited leukemia cells uncovers recurrent mutations conferring resistance to IDH inhibition through disabling NADPH-dependent uncompetitive inhibition. Together with targeted sequencing, structural, and functional studies, we identify a new class of pathogenic mutations and mechanisms for acquired resistance to IDH-targeting cancer therapies.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1
O campo de produção cultural e criativo: uma leitura através da teoria dos campos de Bordieu
Authors: Poli Karina
Published: October 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma leitura sobre o campo de produção cultural e criativa na contemporaneidade partindo do conceito de campo de produção cultural e suas lógicas econômicas e simbólicas, desenvolvido por Pierre Bourdieu. Primeiramente, será desenvolvida uma análise cronológica sobre o desenvolvimento das políticas culturais, bem como os alargamentos sofridos pelo campo de produção cultural nos últimos 80 anos. Em seguida, é trabalhada a estrutura teórico-metodológica, sobretudo os conceitos de campo, habitus e capitais – sociais, culturais e simbólicos –, desenvolvidos por Bourdieu para formular a noção de campo de produção cultural e criativo e suas lógicas econômicas e simbólicas.
Francophone perspectives on creative industries and the creative economy
Authors: Bouquillion Philippe
Published: October 2022

Research on the socioeconomics of culture, the collaborative Web and the creative economy have converged today in an ideological construct: the notions of creative industries and the creative economy, at least as they are presented by national and supranational institutions and experts. Most of these themes were introduced into Francophone research through Anglophone works. In this regard, the distinction between various forms of critical research on the one hand and non-critical research on the other seems much more fundamental. As a consequence, we propose to take the notion of creative industries seriously, deviating from the deﬁnitions given by experts so as to build a critical theory of creative industries that reﬂects the dynamics of the economy of symbolic goods.
Mortalidade em agentes da polícia rodoviária federal: série temporal entre 2001 e 2020
Authors: Marins Eduardo Frio , Ferreira Rodrigo Wiltgen , Freitas Flávio Castagna de , Dutra Geovana Ferreira de Andrade Alves , Vasconcelos Júnior José Rossy e , Caputo Eduardo Lucia
Published: October 2022

OBJETIVO Descrever e analisar a tendência de mortalidade, por todas as causas, em agentes da polícia rodoviária federal, entre os anos de 2001 e 2020. MÉTODOS Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de séries temporais, baseado em dados oficiais sobre mortalidade registrados no sistema de cadastro nacional da polícia rodoviária federal e de certidões de óbitos do sistema de cadastro federal. Foram coletados os óbitos de agentes que estavam em efetivo exercício entre 2001 e 2020. Realizou-se análise descritiva, calcularam-se proporções e taxas de incidência por 1.000 policiais. Utilizou-se qui-quadrado para análises bivariadas e regressão de Prais-Winsten para análise de tendência. RESULTADOS Ocorreram 346 óbitos (11 por causas indeterminadas), dos quais 146 foram por mortes naturais e 189 não naturais. A maioria das mortes ocorreu em policiais do sexo masculino (n = 333; 96,3%), acima de 35 anos (n = 265; 76,6%), tempo de serviço até 15 anos (n = 185; 53,5%), da região Nordeste e por causas não naturais (n = 189; 56,4%). O número absoluto de óbitos de agentes apresentou tendência decrescente ao longo da série (p = -0,78; IC95% -1,03 – -0,5). Entre as principais causas de morte estão acidentes de trânsito (n = 96; 28,7%), doenças cardiovasculares (n = 58; 17,3%), violência interpessoal (n = 51; 15,2%), suicídio (n = 35; 10,5%) e neoplasias malignas (n = 35; 10,4%). As mortes naturais predominaram entre os agentes com idade entre 51–73 anos (68,3%; IC95% 58,6–76,7) e mais de 26 anos de serviço (64,7%; IC95% 52,7–75,1), já as não naturais, entre a faixa etária de 19–35 anos (87,3%; IC95% 78,0–93,1) e de até 15 anos de serviço (70,2%; IC95% 63,1–76,4). CONCLUSÕES Conclui-se que a tendência das mortes de agentes da polícia rodoviária federal foi decrescente no período. O conhecimento das causas de mortalidade pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento de políticas de prevenção de doenças e proteção à saúde desses policiais.
Improving overlay maps of science: Combining overview and detail
Authors: Sjögårde Peter
Published: October 2022

Overlay maps of science are global base maps over which subsets of publications can be projected. Such maps can be used to monitor, explore, and study research through its publication output. Most maps of science, including overlay maps, are flat in the sense that they visualize research fields at one single level. Such maps generally fail to provide both overview and detail about the research being analyzed. The aim of this study is to improve overlay maps of science to provide both features in a single visualization. I created a map based on a hierarchical classification of publications, including broad disciplines for overview and more granular levels to incorporate detailed information. The classification was obtained by clustering articles in a citation network of about 17 million publication records in PubMed from 1995 onwards. The map emphasizes the hierarchical structure of the classification by visualizing both disciplines and the underlying specialties. To show how the visualization methodology can help getting both an overview of research and detailed information about its topical structure, I studied two cases: coronavirus/Covid-19 research and the university alliance called Stockholm Trio.
Sasa guangdongensis, a new synonym of Acidosasa carinata (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)
Authors: LI XING , TONG YI-HUA , XIA NIAN-HE
Published: October 2022

Sasa guangdongensis is a little-known species, which was not treated in Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae or Flora of China. Based on examination of herbarium specimens and fresh material, it is confirmed that Sasa guangdongensis is conspecific with Acidosasa carinata. Thus, the former is treated as a synonym of the latter. The lectotypes for S. guangdongensis and A. carinata are designated. Taxonomic notes on this species are also provided.
Safagamyces marinus gen. et sp. nov. (Halosphaeriaceae, Sordariomycetes) from Red Sea mangroves, Egypt
Authors: BAKHIT MAHMOUD S. , ABDEL-WAHAB MOHAMED A.
Published: October 2022

Safagamyces marinus gen. et sp. nov. was recorded from decaying stem of Phragmites australis inside Safaga mangrove is described and illustrated in this article. Phylogenetic analyses of SSU and LSU rDNA sequences dataset placed the new fungus as a distinct branch basal to a node that contains the three asexual marine genera: Cirrenalia, Cucurbitinus and Pseudolignincola in the family Halosphaeriaceae. The fungus is characterized by straight or slightly curved, branched, smooth, 2-6 septate conidia and the sympodial conidial proliferation. Conidial cells increase in size and pigmentation from hyaline at the base to dark-brown at the apex. The new taxon is compared with other asexual fungi in Halosphaeriaceae.
Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of the Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Gene Family in Vitis vinifera
Authors: Huang Liping , Wang Min , Liu Xiaoting , Zhao Qifeng , Ma Xiaohe
Published: October 2022

Sucrose is the end product of photosynthesis in plants. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is a plant enzyme involved in sucrose biosynthesis that plays a crucial role in sugar metabolism, plant growth and biomass accumulation. So far, SPS gene family in grape (Vitis vinifera)
has not been described. In this study, the genome-wide identification and characterization of SPS genes (VviSPS) in grape were analyzed. The physical and chemical properties, gene structure, evolutionary relationship, conserved domains, protein structure prediction and expression
analyses were performed. In the results, total 4 putative VviSPS genes were identified, all of which had similar characteristics in genome and peptide sequences. Meanwhile, the four VviSPS genes also showed similar expression patterns in different tissues. They were mainly active
in leaves and pulps, especially in mature leaves and early pulps. In conclusion, these results would provide a reference for the VviSPS gene function analysis in the future.
The Effect of Wheat Drought Resistance by Different Concentrations Exogenous Strigolactone
Authors: Wang Yanjing , Fang Baoting , Du Simeng , Li Xiangdong
Published: October 2022

Drought is one of the main disasters affecting wheat production. As a new type of plant hormone, SLs can effectively regulate the drought resistance of plants. However, so far, there are few studies on its effects on the growth and development of wheat. Aiming at the above situation,
this study used foliar spraying to study its effects on the drought resistance metabolism of wheat under different concentration conditions. The results showed that exogenous SLs could not only improve root structure and promote root growth, but also increase the activities of enzymes such
as SOD, POD and CAT in leaves, reduce the content of MDA, increase the content of Proline, and then improve the growth of plants. Water content, promote the improvement of photosynthetic pigments, and ensure the effective process of plant water and energy metabolism, thereby improving the
drought resistance level of wheat at seedling stage. This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the application of SLs in wheat drought resistance, but also provides some technical support for its field cultivation in wheat.
Research on mechanism of tanshinone a in regulating biological characteristics of hematopoietic stem cell in liver cirrhosis through targeting of miR-9a-5p
Authors: Wei Nan , Wang Lizhou , Xu Min , An Tianzhi , Huang Xueqing , Zhou Shi
Published: October 2022

This study assessed the mechanism of tanshinone A in regulating biological characteristics of Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) in liver cirrhosis through targeting of miR-9a-5p. HSC cells were divided into negative control group and stimulated miR-9a-5p inhibitor group. Transfection was
performed according to specification of the kit. Expression of miR-9a-5p was assessed with Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cell proliferation was tested with flow cytometry (FCM), and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and Type I collagen expressions were detected with Western
Blot assay. Caspase-3 activity was tested with spectrophotometry, while variation of inflammatory factor was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was higher miR-9a-5p level in HSC induced by Chemokine (C-C motif) ligands 4 (CCL-4). Biological characteristics of HSC
induced by CCL-4 was restrained by down-regulation of miR-9a-5p, and presentation quantity of α-SMA and Type I collagen was reduced. So, occurrence of inflammation and migration of HSC could be restrained. The presentation quantity of Type I collagen was reduced with tanshinone
A, and expression of miR-9a-5p was reduced. HSC characteristics in liver cirrhosis were affected by tanshinone A probably through regulating miR-9a-5p. It could provide a brand-new selection for treatment on liver cirrhosis.
Nanoalbumin particles carrying microRNA-200c sensitize gastric cancer cells to cisplatin through targeting of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Hu Shuai , Zuo Kai , Guo Yunyun , Li Lansheng
Published: October 2022

The inhibitory effect of miR-200c on drug resistance against gastric cancer (GC) cells and proliferation may be related to expression of PTEN protein and Akt pathway. Nanoalbumin particles are expected as promising materials to prolong circulation of drugs and strengthen drugs’
efficacy. Herein, we explored the effect of miR-200c-modified nanoalbumin particles on cisplatin drug sensitivity of GC cells, to provide evidence for solving out the challenge of GC multidrug resistance. Cisplatin-resistant SGC7901/DDP GC cells were cultured to logarithmic phase, and transfected
with empty vector, miR-200c-loaded nanoalbumin particles and miR-200c inhibitor. The cells were exposed to cisplatin at different concentrations followed by analysis of drug resistance against the GC cells by MTT method and PTEN and p-Akt level by western blot. The nanoalbumin particles carrying
miR-200c effectively up-regulated the expression of miR-200c, suppressed proliferation of SGC7901/DDP cells, and increased GC cell sensitivity to cisplatin. Moreover, miR-200c-loaded nanoalbumin particles decreased p-Akt and increased PTEN. Reversely, silencing of miR-200c resulted in opposite
outcomes. The miR-200c-loaded nanoalbumin particles exerted their effect on reversing multidrug resistance of GC cells through regulation of P13K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby suppressing GC cell viability and improving development of GC.
News Consumption, Corruption Perception, and Institutional Trust Among Kenyans—A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Authors: Sun Tao , Payne Gregory
Published: October 2022

Based on a sample of 2,400 Kenyans from the Afrobarometer survey in 2019, the study tested a moderated mediation model in which news consumption had a positive impact on corruption perception, which in turn had a negative influence on institutional trust. The relationship between new consumption and corruption perception was moderated by support for press freedom. Specifically, news consumption’s positive impact on corruption perception was significant only among those who believe in press freedom, but not significant among those who agree with government censorship of media. This study makes a contribution to the literature of cultivation theory in the context of Kenyan respondents. Limitations and future research implications are discussed.
Automating Expert Labor in Medicine: What Are the Questions?
Authors: Menchik Daniel A.
Published: October 2022

I argue that the contemporary organization of professional work indicates the limits of answering typical questions about automation and technology in work to understand the practices of experts. Examining the case of automation in medicine, specifically Stereotaxis technology, I analyze a colligation of data on decisions about the uptake of this robotic technology among United States surgeons. I examine data including: procedure efficiency over time, the technology’s affordances for the preservation of surgeons’ bodily capital, changes in the profession’s demographic profile, physician social networks, and clinical researchers’ published assessments. The data suggest that automation of a central task can support and enhance the work of individual experts. They also show that using robotics does not improve efficiency. This case thus challenges the assumption that automation displaces work, at least in the case of professionals. And so, because Stereotaxis becomes more of a complement to surgeons’ work as opposed to a substitute, this case points towards the importance of focusing attention less on job automation than on task automation. The case also highlights that users of the technology (physicians) value it differently than do purchasers (administrators). In addition, it identifies the differing considerations motivating their decisions to adopt or not adopt the technology. And in light of the finding that robotics use is more common among the rank-and-file than the elite, it may be that some professionals perceive automation to afford mobility opportunities. Based on these findings I propose new questions for scholarship on medicine, work, and automation, including those around “expert” versus “unskilled” labor, the body, and workplace divisions of labor.
Review and Consultations of Canadian Financial Education Programs for Individuals with Disabilities
Authors: Engel Lisa , Rampling Taryn , Brautigan Emma J. , Bazin Tamika , Dilts Kelsey , Williams Taylor , Dyck Thalin M. , Jack Ellie M. , Colquhoun Heather
Published: October 2022

Background. Individuals or persons who live with a disability (PWD) can experience unique financial occupation challenges. Financial education programs can address some challenges. Purpose. The aim of this study was to describe and critically appraise current financial education programs for PWD in Canada. Method. This environmental scan framed by scoping review methods included a critical appraisal of Canadian programs’ online content and provider consultations. Researchers used four search methods to identify programs, interviewed service providers from four Canadian programs, and thematically analyzed interview transcripts. Findings. Researchers identified 134 programs; 50 (37.3%) included services. The online content of only 26 (19%) programs explicitly addressed accessibility; 106 (79%) programs’ content was at least college reading level. The qualitative results include three themes: (a) individualized approach, (b) “getting the word out”, and (c) service growth. Implications. There are financial education programs specific to PWD in Canada. Accessibility, individualization, advocacy, and development are needed.
Diagnostic and Dialogic Yachts Competing Round the Globe: How did They Fare?
Authors: Hastings Bradley J.
Published: October 2022

As a practitioner recently turned scholar, my view is that organization development practices too often prioritize the organizational outcomes of change and, in doing so, overlook human outcomes. Using a personal experience from a round-the-world yacht race as a template, I explain how change practices can influence the lives of those involved. Halfway through the race, I switched boats from one managed with diagnostic practices to one managed dialogically. It was the dialogic boat that precipitated a more enriching human outcome. Here, I deconstruct the effect of these contrasting change practices on my experience.
Is multidimensional precarious employment higher for women?
Authors: Murillo-Huertas Inés P , Ramos Raúl , Simón Hipólito , Simón-Albert Raquel
Published: October 2022

This article examines the relative employment situation of female employees from a novel perspective based on the construction of multidimensional indicators of employment precariousness that allow examining its scale and nature. The evidence obtained for Spain shows that both the intensity and incidence of precarious employment are significantly higher for women, to the point that half of the women are multidimensionally precarious (with an incidence which is 40% higher than that of men) and precarious females simultaneously suffer on average from nearly three deficiencies in their jobs. Although female employment precariousness is highly persistent over time, it also exhibits significant oscillations plausibly linked to changes in the economy's cyclical position and in labour market regulations. Moreover, it exhibits a great heterogeneity by subgroups (it has even an extreme nature for certain subgroups of females) and by individuals (25% of women suffer between three and six job deficiencies, which compares with 24% of women having jobs without any type of deficiency). Finally, although the greater labour precariousness of women is largely explained by their observed characteristics, particularly by their greater presence in part-time jobs, women still have a greater probability of being precarious than observationally similar men.
Static output feedback H∞ control for switched LPV time-delay systems with nonlinear constraints
Authors: Li Wenzi , Wu Baowei , Wang Yue-E , Liu Lili
Published: October 2022

This paper addresses the issues of static output feedback [Formula: see text] control for switched linear parameter-varying (LPV) time-delay systems using multiple parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. First, a parameter and state-dependent switching strategy with dwell time is designed and a sufficient condition ensuring the stability of the unforced switched LPV time-delay systems is established with the aid of the switching law. Then, the piecewise parameter-dependent controller is designed, such that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable and satisfies an [Formula: see text] performance index. Finally, two examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the results.
Representing Single Women: The Transformation of “Leftover Women” on Chinese TV Series
Authors: Peng Anqi
Published: October 2022

The tendency of late marriage and the increasing single population in Chinese society have galvanized a considerable amount of anxiety in recent years. Part of such anxiety has been manifested through the constant media representations of “shengnü” or “leftover women” since 2010. Referring to women in their late twenties or over thirties while still not getting married, the term “leftover women” indicates a continuous patriarchal policing of single women circulated in mass media. This study, by comparing two popular Chinese television series— We Get Married (2013) and Nothing but Thirty (2020), discusses the altering constructions of unmarried women on Chinese television against the backdrop of China's post-socialist gender politics. The comparison provides a useful vantage point to examine the emerging gendered structures and new cultural imperatives under specific historical contexts.
Effect of increased water intake on uropathogenic bacterial activity of underhydrated menstruating young adult women: A randomized crossover trial
Authors: Vento Kaila A , Koskan Alexis , Lynch Heidi , Kavouras Stavros , Johnston Carol , Wardenaar Floris C
Published: October 2022

Background: Females are prone to urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to estrogen fluctuations affecting vaginal flora. While menstruating, increased fluid consumption to support urination frequency and void volume may be important, as the urethra and urinary tract are more predisposed to bacteria, particularly UTI pathogens. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of hydration on urinary tract health during menstruation among underhydrated premenopausal women. Methods: Thirteen females participated in a 60-day 2 × 2 randomized crossover trial to evaluate the effectiveness of consuming ≥2.2 L of total beverage fluid intake, with 1.9 L being water, (intervention, INT) and maintaining habitual fluid intake (control, CON) on two subsequent menses. Participants completed fluid and urination diaries at days 2 and 5 after the onset of bleeding (day 1) to determine the fluid amount consumed and urination frequency. Urine concentration was assessed in afternoon (days 2 and 5) and uropathogenic bacterial activity in first-morning (days 3 and 6) urinations. General linear models assessed differences in bacterial and hydration outcomes. Results: The intervention led to a 62% mean total fluid increase, INT 3.0 ± 1.1 L and CON 1.9 ± 0.9 L, p < 0.001, [Formula: see text] = 0.459. Urination frequency was greater and urine concentration less in the INT to CON, all ps < 0.05, [Formula: see text] range = 0.023–0.019. Only four cultures detected uropathogenic bacteria, with no patterns between conditions or days, making it difficult to determine the intervention's effectiveness. Conclusion: Fluid intake increased, and hydration status improved. No differences in uropathogenic bacterial activity were seen between the hydration and control conditions.
Stages of dairy product consumption among Iranian female high school students based on transtheoretical model: The case of osteoporosis prevention
Authors: Rouhani-Tonekaboni Nooshin , Ashouri Asieh , Mehrabian Fardin , Mahdavi-Roshan Marjan , Farmani-Ghasbeh Nasibeh , Kasmaei Parisa , Kamalikhah Tahereh
Published: October 2022

Background: As nutritional needs increase in adolescence, dairy consumption can play a key role in health and disease prevention; however, unfortunately, inadequate consumption of milk and dairy products has often been reported in adolescents. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between decisional balance, self-efficacy, and the processes of change with the stages of change for dairy consumption in female high school students in Shaft county located in the west of Gilan Province, Iran. Methods: A total of 385 female high school students in Shaft County were studied through the census method in 2019. The data collection instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire consisting of demographic information, stages of change and items of transtheoretical model constructs including the processes of change (cognitive process: consciousness-raising, dramatic relief, self-reevaluation, environmental reevaluation, and social liberation; behavioral process: self-liberation, counter conditioning, reinforcement management, stimulus control and helping relationships), decisional balance and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software. Results: A total of 208 (54%), 53 (13.8%), 56 (14.5%), 32 (8.3%) and 36 (9.4%) students were in the pre-contemplate, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance stages, respectively. As the subjects progressed through the stage of change for dairy consumption, an increase in the mean score of self-efficacy, decisional balance, and processes of change was observed ( P < 0.01). Conclusion: The constructs of the transtheoretical model should be considered in designing educational interventions to promote dairy consumption with regard to the stage of change for dairy consumption in the subjects.
Tailoring dyadic coping strategies to attachment style: Emotion-focused and problem-focused dyadic coping differentially buffer anxiously and avoidantly attached partners
Authors: Vedelago Lana , Balzarini Rhonda N , Fitzpatrick Skye , Muise Amy
Published: October 2022

Attachment insecurity is associated with lower satisfaction and lower felt security in romantic relationships, especially during times of stress such as coping with a global pandemic. Heightened external stressors for couples are associated with poorer relationship quality, but how couples cope with stress together, or their dyadic coping strategies, is associated with the maintenance of relationship satisfaction. In the current study, we followed 184 couples living together during the COVID-19 pandemic to test whether specific coping strategies buffered people higher in attachment anxiety and avoidance from lower satisfaction and felt security in the early weeks and ensuing months of the pandemic. Our findings demonstrate that perceiving more emotion-focused dyadic coping—being affectionate and using intimacy—buffered the negative association between attachment anxiety and relationship satisfaction and felt security, both concurrently and over several months of the pandemic. In addition, problem-focused perceived dyadic coping backfired for people higher in attachment anxiety; they felt less satisfied when they perceived more problem-focused coping—which involves being solution-focused and using instrumental support—in their relationship. In contrast, people higher in attachment avoidance were buffered against lower relationship satisfaction when they perceived more problem-focused dyadic coping and were not buffered by emotion-focused coping. The current findings suggest the importance of tailoring coping strategies to a partner’s attachment style for relationship quality and felt security during times of stress.
Banalisation of communications surveillance in the debate on Finnish intelligence legislation
Authors: Kortesoja Matti
Published: October 2022

A case study of both public and non-public debate on civil and military intelligence laws in Finland examined policy documents, news coverage, and interviews with key elite stakeholders to reveal various political and media actors’ connections with the banalisation of communications surveillance. The analysis suggests that debate on Finnish intelligence legislation has been conditioned by governmentalities that have anchored communications surveillance as (1) control of the population for preventing or limiting hybrid threats, (2) care in legitimating trust in the authorities and their oversight, and (3) authorities’ empowerment in control over confidential communication and freedom of the press. Empirical analysis shed light also on how new surveillance powers become difficult to challenge once policymakers and state authorities have obtained consent for communications surveillance. Once banalised in policymaking and mediated debate on civil and military intelligence, that surveillance becomes a commonplace, taken-for-granted, banal aspect of everyday life.
309 patients treated with fluoroscopy-guided caudal epidural injection for lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Akşan Özgür
Published: October 2022

Objective

To present our experience, discuss the complications, and assess early vs long-term outcomes of fluoroscopy-guided caudal epidural injection for lumbar disc herniation (LDH).

Methods

This was a prospective study of 309 patients who underwent fluoroscopy-guided caudal epidural injection from 2014 to 2020. The inclusion criteria were LDH diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging, surgical treatment not required, age >18 years, and history of low back or leg pain despite >6 weeks of treatment comprising a combination of analgesics, anti-inflammatories, and physical therapy. The epidural injection solution comprised 8 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride (HCL), 2 mL dexamethasone, and 10 mL saline. Each patient completed a questionnaire comprising a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Back Pain Functional Scale (BPFS) at baseline, and 1 month and 1 year after injection.

Results

The VAS and BPFS scores indicated significantly less pain at 1 month and 1 year compared with the pre-procedure baseline values. Complications developed in 11 patients (reversible paresis in 7 patients, arrhythmia in 1 patient, headache in 1 patient, seizure in 1 patient, spondylodiscitis in 1 patient).

Conclusions

Fluoroscopy-guided caudal epidural injection for LDH is safe, and the procedure reduced pain and improved functional capacity compared with baseline.
Using Household Consumption Data to Flag Low Nutrient Access
Authors: Mathiassen Astrid , Lovon Margarita , Baille Barbara , Ogden Kathryn , Sandström Susanna
Published: October 2022

Background:

Information on food consumption, dietary diversity, and nutrient inadequacies are key for informing food security and nutrition programming. Household- and individual-level data together provide the most complete information, but individual dietary modules are not always feasible in humanitarian contexts due to cost and time constraints.

Objective:

This article asks to what extent it is possible to use food consumption data which is commonly collected at household level through food security and vulnerability surveys, to assess the household’s access to vitamin A and iron.

Methods:

The validation analysis uses household food consumption and expenditure surveys from Guatemala, Honduras, Nepal, and Uganda and the adult male equivalent approach for calculating nutrient access.

Results:

The results show a positive significant correlation between the frequency of consumption and adequacy as estimated from comprehensive household food consumption modules, with correlation in the range of 0.4 to 0.7. Frequency thresholds for distinguishing between adequate and inadequate nutrient access, based on how often foods rich in the relevant nutrient are eaten during 1 week, mostly fulfill standard sensitivity and specificity criteria.

Conclusions:

The article concludes that in humanitarian contexts, a frequency-based proxy for nutrient access based on household data commonly collected in emergency assessments and through monitoring systems can be used and can support this particular data gap. As a rule of thumb, a frequency threshold of 7 should be used for vitamin A and of 12 for iron.