bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydroponic crops: a nutritional and sustainable alternative for the reproduction of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) in the coastal zone of Ecuador
Authors: Bonifaz Ramos Verónica de los Ángeles , Arellano Gómez John Javier , Malta García Yesenia Ivonne , Torres Morán Diana Leticia
Published: June 2024

Introduction: This study, conducted under the Minor Species Production Program at the Technical University of Babahoyo, Ecuador, aimed to evaluate the effects of hydroponic forages based on corn (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa) on the reproductive performance of improved guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Methods: A total of 45 guinea pigs (36 females and 12 males, 70 days old) were used, distributed across three treatments: T1 (Alfalfa + Concentrate + Water ad libitum), T2 (Hydroponic Corn Forage + Concentrate + Water ad libitum), and T3 (Hydroponic Rice Forage + Water ad libitum), with three replications and five experimental units per treatment. Reproductive performance was measured by pregnancy percentage, litter size, average litter weight at birth, average litter weight at weaning, mortality at first parturition, post-parturition estrus, and the cost-benefit indicator. Treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), and mean differences were evaluated using Tukey’s test at a 5% significance level. Results: The best reproductive performance was observed in T2, with a pregnancy percentage of 100%, litter sizes of 4-6 offspring, an average litter weight at birth of 122.25g, and an average litter weight at weaning exceeding 1000g, indicating a weight gain of 295.52g during the period. Additionally, T2 exhibited a cost-benefit ratio of 2.57, suggesting it is a sustainable and profitable feeding strategy. Conclusion: These results indicate that hydroponic corn forage significantly enhances reproductive performance in guinea pigs compared to traditional alfalfa and rice-based forages, supporting its use for sustainable and economically viable guinea pig production.
From paper to screen: towards legal certainty with the digitization of public deeds in Peru
Authors: Montenegro Neira Thalia Dedicación , Rimapa Navarro Lilian Rocio , Camacho Delgado Freddy Manuel , Bollet Ramírez Frank , Gomez Morales Anthony Jose , Hernández Hernández Orlando
Published: June 2024

The research aims to analyze the impact of digitizing electronic public deeds on legal security within Peruvian notaries. It explores how digital technology enhances the authenticity of legal documents, protecting citizens' interests. Utilizing a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design, the study gathers insights from six participants, including clients and lawyers, through interviews. This method allows a comprehensive understanding of their perceptions and experiences. Findings indicate that digitization significantly contributes to legal certainty by streamlining notarial processes, cutting costs, and bolstering document authenticity. The study proposes the establishment of an inspection commission to oversee legal security in notarial procedures and encourage digital system adoption in notaries' offices. This digitization is socially beneficial, offering citizens quicker and more secure access to legal documents. The research is original in its examination of electronic public deeds' digitization in a specific Peruvian context, emphasizing the technology's potential to enhance efficiency and document authenticity in the notarial sector.
TRANSPLANTE DE RIM NO BRASIL E COMPATIBILIDADE PARA DOAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Vanessa de Araújo Lago Rodrigues da , Santos Diana Góis dos
Published: June 2024

Essa pesquisa destina-se a informar e explicar sobre os parâmetros para a triagem de doadores vivos de rim, no Brasil. Refere-se a uma pesquisa informativa e descritiva, resultante do levantamento de literaturas disponíveis sobre o assunto. Para a elaboração da pesquisa, foi utilizado como meios literários pesquisas científicas disponíveis na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), notas e publicações oficiais do Ministério da Saúde (MS), na Associação Brasileira de Transplantes de Órgãos (ABTO) e no Sistema Nacional de Transplantes (SNT). Os índíces de sucesso de um transplante são superiores em casos de doadores vivos, se comparado aos índices de rins proveniente de doadores cadáver. Para ser apto para o transplante de rim de pessoas vivas, requisita exames além das provas de compatibilidade, investigação clínica e psicológica detalhada do destinatário e doador. Em relação aos parâmetros adotados para doador cadáver, são dirigidos à ausência de restrições e possibilidade dos órgãos para transplante. As normas para transplante renal no Brasil e no mundo exigem padrões rigorosos para os doadores e para os pacientes receptores. Todas as exigências adotadas são visando à segurança dos pacientes, de seus familiares e dos trabalhadores da área da saúde.
ANÁLISE DAS PRISÕES PREVENTIVAS SOB A ÓTICA DO REQUISITO DA GARANTIA DA ORDEM PÚBLICA E SUA (IN)CONSTITUCIONALIDADE
Authors: Carvalho Flávia Cristina Rodrigues de , Leonel Juliano de Oliveira
Published: June 2024

O artigo visa analisar se as prisões preventivas, sob a ótica do requisito da garantia da ordem pública, são constitucionais. Utiliza-se um método de pesquisa qualitativo, valendo-se de pesquisas bibliográficas, documentais e jurisprudenciais pertinentes ao tema. Dessa forma, ressalta-se que, se há a possibilidade de o magistrado se utilizar de interpretações arbitrárias para decretar uma prisão preventiva, sem ter como objetivo resguardar o processo, ele está assumindo um papel inquisitorial e, por isso, inconstitucional.
ENTENDENDO A DOENÇA DE KAWASAKI: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Alcântara Vítor Silva , Ferreira Luiz Carlos de Castro , Ferreira César Augusto Costa de Castro , Nunes Wilson da Silva , Santos Nadson Bruno Imbiriba dos
Published: June 2024

A Doença de Kawasaki (DK), também conhecida como síndrome linfonodal mucocutânea, é uma vasculite sistêmica de etiologia desconhecida que afeta predominantemente crianças menores de cinco anos. Caracteriza-se por inflamação dos vasos sanguíneos de pequeno e médio calibre, especialmente as artérias coronárias, e é a principal causa de doença cardíaca adquirida em crianças nos países desenvolvidos. Esta revisão narrativa de literatura reuniu artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos nas bases de dados PUBMED e SciELO, objetivando indicar na literatura selecionada a fisiopatologia e as principais manifestações clínicas da Doença de Kawasaki. Concluiu-se que a DK é uma condição pediátrica complexa e potencialmente grave, que requer diagnóstico e tratamento rápidos para prevenir complicações sérias, especialmente cardiovasculares. Embora a etiologia permaneça incerta, avanços no manejo terapêutico têm melhorado significativamente o prognóstico dos pacientes. A continuidade do acompanhamento e a vigilância de complicações são essenciais para garantir a saúde a longo prazo das crianças afetadas.
Role of atmospheric aerosols in severe winter fog over the Indo-Gangetic Plain of India: a case study
Authors: Bharali Chandrakala , Barth Mary , Kumar Rajesh , Ghude Sachin D. , Sinha Vinayak , Sinha Baerbel
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Winter fog and severe aerosol loading in the boundary layer over northern India, particularly in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), disrupt the daily lives of millions of people in the region. To better understand the role of aerosol–radiation (AR) feedback on the occurrence, spatial extent, and persistence of winter fog, as well as the associated aqueous chemistry in fog in the IGP, several model simulations have been performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). While WRF-Chem was able to represent the fog formation for the 23–24 December 2017 fog event over the central IGP in comparison to station and satellite observations, the model underestimated PM2.5 concentrations compared to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India monitoring network. While evaluating aerosol composition for fog events in the IGP, we found that the WRF-Chem aerosol composition was quite different from measurements obtained during the Winter Fog Experiment (WiFEX) in Delhi, with secondary aerosols, particularly the chloride aerosol fraction, being strongly underpredicted (∼ 66.6 %). Missing emission sources (e.g., industry and residential burning of cow dung and trash) and aerosol and chemistry processes need to be investigated to improve model–observation agreement. By investigating a fog event on 23–24 December 2017 over the central IGP, we found that the aerosol–radiation feedback weakens turbulence, lowers the boundary layer height, and increases PM2.5 concentrations and relative humidity (RH) within the boundary layer. Factors affecting the feedback include loss of aerosols through deposition of cloud droplets and internal mixing of absorbing and scattering aerosols. Aqueous-phase chemistry increases the PM2.5 concentrations, which subsequently affect the aerosol–radiation feedback by both increased mass concentrations and aerosol sizes. With aerosol–radiation interaction and aqueous-phase chemistry, fog formation began 1–2 h earlier and caused a longer fog duration than when these processes were not included in the WRF-Chem simulation. The increase in RH in both experiments was found to be important for fog formation as it promoted the growth of aerosol size through water uptake, increasing the fog water content over the IGP. The results from this study suggest that the aerosol–radiation feedback and secondary aerosol formation play an important role in the air quality and the intensity and lifetime of fog over the IGP, yet other feedbacks, such as aerosol–cloud interactions, need to be quantified.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Concrete Pictorial Abstract (CPA) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Muatan Matematika di Kelas III SDN 110/1 Desa Tenam
Authors: Ningrum Mega widya , Yantoro Yantoro , Khoirunnisa Khoirunnisa
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan pembelajaran Concrete Pictorial Abstract terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik pada muatan Matematika di kelas III SDN 110/I Desa Tenam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas III SDN 110/I Desa Tenam Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kuasi eksperimen. Data diolah untuk membandingkan hasil pre-test dan post test pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran Matematika menggunakan pendekatan Concrete Pictorial Abstract kelas III SDN 110/I Desa Tenam lebih berpengaruh dari pada menggunakan pendekatan konvensional (teacher centered) dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik. Berdasarkan uji paired samples statistics yang telah dilakukan diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,000 (<0,05), dan uji-t dengan independent sample t test thitung > ttabel (2,240 > 1,686). Hal ini menunjukkan Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak, dan terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar pendekatan CPA dibandingkan dengan pendekatan teacher centered. Dari hasil penelitian ini disarankan agar guru menggunakan pendekatan CPA dalam memberikan konsep pembelajaran matematika. Pendidik diharapkan mampu memberikan pengajajaran menggunakan benda-benda konkret agar matematika terasa lebih dekat dengan dunia anak. Hal ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengaruh positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar.
PENGARUH HUMAN RELATIONS TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI DINAS PENDIDIKAN KOTA GUNUNGSITOLI
Authors: Zebua Kristiawan , Fatolosahulu
Published: June 2024

Di Kantor Dinas Pendidikan Kota Gunungsitoli, peneliti menemukan bahwa keharmonisan interpersonal (Human Realtions) di antara pegawai, khususnya dalam konteks pelayanan umum, masih belum memadai. Meskipun pelayanan tersebut berkaitan langsung dengan masyarakat, pegawai cenderung menjalankan tugasnya secara individual daripada sebagai sebuah tim. Ketidakseimbangan komunikasi di antara pegawai menghambat efektivitas pelayanan, sehingga konsep human relations tidak diterapkan secara optimal. penting bagi pimpinan untuk mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip human relations ke dalam sistem kerja. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan sikap humanisme di antara para pegawai, menyatukan persepsi pegawai dan memastikan bahwa pekerjaan dilakukan secara kolaboratif, bukan hanya sebagai individu. Pendekatan ini diperlukan untuk mencapai hasil kerja yang memuaskan.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh human relations terhadap peningkatan kinerja pegawai di Dinas Pendidikan Kota Gunungsitoli, teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, dan penyebaran angket (kuesioner) kepada responden pegawai Dinas Pendidikan Kota Gunungsitoli sebanyak 48 orang. Sedangkan pada pengujian analisis data menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, analisis koefisien korelasi, koefisien determinan, dan uji hipotesis.
            Pada penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan perhitungan data menggunakan SPSS untuk memperoleh nilai akurat. Hasil penelitian ini, uji t variabel X human relations adalah 5,561 dengan tingkat signifikasi 5% di dapat t tabel sebesar 1.677. Diketahui nilai Sig = 0,000 < 0,05.  Maka sesuai dengan interpretasi: Jika nilai Sig < 0,05 atau t hitung > t tabel maka terdapat pengaruh antara variabel X terhadap variabel Y, sebaliknya, Jika nilai Sig > 0,05 atau t hitung <  t tabel maka tidak ada pengaruh antara variabel X terhadap variabel Y. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh Human Relations secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja. Pada hasil perhitungan nilai koefisien determinan (R-Square) human relations terhadap kinerja dapat disimpulkan besaran pengaruh human relations terhadap kinerja sebesar 38,1. Untuk 61,9 % di pengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain yang tidak dibahas dalam penelitian ini
Analisis Trend Perkembangan E-Sport dalam Pendidikan Olahraga
Authors: Iqbal M. , Simamora Yoshua , Insani Khairil , Padli Padli
Published: June 2024

Perkembangan pesat dalam teknologi digital memberikan manfaat luas bagi masyarakat, termasuk di bidang olahraga. Di Kota Padang, meningkatnya jumlah komunitas e-sport yang terdiri dari siswa berusia usia 15-18 tahun, yang merupakan kelompok usia produktif dengan risiko tinggi terkait penggunaan teknologi, internet, dan game online. Keberadaan kecanduan game online menjadi isu serius yang mempengaruhi minat masyarakat terhadap e-sport dan berpotensi merugikan perkembangan e-sport itu sendiri. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keinginan untuk bermain e-sport berasal dari dorongan individu maupun ajakan dari teman. Pada usia produktif, e-sport seringkali hanya dianggap sebagai hobi dan hiburan sesaat. Faktor krusial dalam menunjang bakat e-sport adalah sarana dan prasarana yang memadai. Peran orang tua juga memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap kemampuan para pemain, karena persepsi orang tua dapat memengaruhi keterampilan dan kemampuan para gamers. Meskipun masih ada pandangan negatif dari masyarakat terhadap game, hal ini bisa dianggap sebagai kesempatan untuk membuktikan bahwa bermain game dapat menjadi hobi yang produktif. Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dalam e-sport, dianjurkan untuk aktif mengikuti kompetisi dan bergabung dalam komunitas, sehingga dapat mengasah keterampilan dan memperluas jaringan sosial.
Keywords: E-sport, Olahraga Baru, Olahraga
ANALISIS PERAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN JASMANI YANG BERKUALITAS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Agesti Nireza , Futri  , Resi Yohana Martati  , Padli
Published: June 2024

Perguruan tinggi membawa dampak positif dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia, termasuk di bidang pendidikan jasmani. Dalam ranah pendidikan jasmani, globalisasi pendidikan tinggi membuka peluang bagi perguruan tinggi di Indonesia untuk merancang kurikulum yang lebih inklusif dan beragam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran globalisasi pendidikan tinggi dalam pengembangan pendidikan jasmani yang berkualitas di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, mengeksplorasi pengalaman dan pandangan para pemangku kepentingan dalam pengembangan pendidikan jasmani di Indonesia. Melalui wawancara mendalam dan analisis dokumen, penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa beberapa perguruan tinggi telah mengimplementasikan program khusus untuk mendukung atlet dan mahasiswa berprestasi di bidang olahraga. Meskipun penelitian terkait dengan pengembangan pendidikan jasmani di Indonesia masih terbatas, tema-tema yang telah dijelajahi mencakup pengaruh olahraga terhadap kesehatan dan efektivitas program latihan fisik. Hasil penelitian ini membawa implikasi positif dengan meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya pengembangan pendidikan jasmani yang berkualitas di Indonesia. Hal ini diharapkan dapat membantu meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan jasmani secara keseluruhan, memberikan manfaat bagi kesehatan masyarakat, dan membuka peluang lebih luas bagi siswa yang berbakat dan berminat dalam bidang olahraga. Kesimpulannya, penelitian ini dapat menjadi landasan untuk merumuskan kebijakan dan program yang lebih efektif dalam pengembangan pendidikan jasmani di Indonesia oleh pemerintah dan perguruan tinggi.
Kata kunci : Perguruan Tinggi, Pendidikan Jasmani
ORGANIZATION OF PREPARATION OF GIFTED STUDENTS FOR A SCIENTIFIC PROJECT IN PHYSICS
Authors:   I.V.Panfilov Lyceum school No. 5, Kyzylorda city, Republic Kazakhstan, Bahuadin A.B. , Yegizbayeva S.A. ,   M.Shokay Lyceum school No. 187, Kyzylorda city, Republic Kazakhstan, Iskakbaev A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh national university, Almaty city, Republic Kazakhstan
Published: June 2024

Мақала дарынды оқушыны ғылыми зерттеу жұмыстарына баулуға бағытталған. Қазіргі кезеңде оқушылардың шығармашылық қабілетін ғылыми жоба жазуда, ақпараттарды тиімді пайдалану жолдарында, қабілетті оқушыларды дамыту маңыздылығы келтірілген. Мектеп оқушыларының зерттеушілік дағдыларын дамыту үшін оқу пәні ретінде физиканың айтарлықтай мүмкіндіктері бар екендігі көрсетілген. Ғылыми зерттеу жұмысындағы мұғалімнің оқушымен таңдайтын тақырыбына да көңіл бөлінген. Тaқыpыпты таңдау барысында пән мұғаліміне қойылатын ұсынымдap да ескерілген. Зерттеу барысындағы әдебиеттерді іріктеу және зерделеу материалдарды жинақтаудағы маңыздылығы қарастырылған. Физика пәнінен ғылыми жоба жазу барысында оқушының алған білімдері мен дағдыларын практикада кеңінен қолдана алу мүмкіндігі сипатталған. Дарынды оқушының шығармашылық қабілеттерін қалыптастыру мақсатында, физикадан бірнеше тақырыптар бойынша жасалған ғылыми жобамен жұмыс жасау кезеңдері көрсетілген. Оқушылардың әзірлеген ғылыми жобалары сол тақырыпты меңгергендігін оқушының баяндауында немесе қорғауында байқалатыны ескерілген. Оқушыға ойын жүйелі жеткізуде тақырып бойынша презентация жасалуының қажеттілігі жазылған. Білім бepуде ғылыми жоба жұмысын жазуды ұйымдaстыpу – оқушының өзінің мүмкіндіктepін eскepe отыpып, бeлсeнді іс-әpeкeт жaсaуынa, оқушының тұлғa peтіндe үнeмі дaмуынa, өзін-өзі тәpбиeлeп дaмытуынa, жeкe epeкшeліктepін eскepугe жaғдaй туғызa aлуымeн мaңызды eкeні epeкшe aтaлды.
Assessment of farmers' access to informal credits in Baraki Barak district of Logar province – Afghanistan
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of Agriculture Economics and Extension, Logar University, Afghanistan, Hammas Sediqullah , Khalili Arshad ,   Graduate of Agriculture Economics and Extension Department, Logar University, Afghanistan
Published: June 2024

Planting and harvesting crops requires capital and money at all times. Farmers can’t prepare all this money themselves, they are inevitably using formal and informal sources of credit to better advance agricultural affairs. The present study aimed to determine farmers' access to informal credits in Baraki Barak district of Logar province. This research is descriptive - cross-sectional in terms of data collection and applied in terms of purpose. For conducting the research, the primary data was used. The data were collected by survey using a questionnaire, as a simple random sample. Research findings show that the majority (more than 76%) of farmers use informal credits. Farmers receive the highest amount of credit from relatives and friends, local shopkeepers, non-agricultural institutions and local merchants, respectively. The earned credits are mostly used in agricultural affairs and use a small amount for non-agricultural purposes and livelihoods. The researchers recommend conducting research on the effects of informal credits on farmers' morale, sense and confidence, Investigate the effects of informal credits on crop yields and the use of informal credits by age groups, A study on how farmers can use informal credits effectively and get maximum benefit from them.
Analisis Kebutuhan Material Blasting dan Painting Pada Reparasi Pengecatan Lambung Kapal Tongkang PSB 3002
Authors: Fauzi Irfan , Ardhiansyah Fahmy
Published: June 2024

Pengecatan merupakan perlindungan terhadap korosi pada lambung kapal baja. Untuk menghilangkan fouling dan korosi pada lambung kapal, diperlukan proses blasting dan painting pada saat kapal reparasi di dok kapal. Lambung kapal secara umum yang diperlukan reparasi yaitu pada bagian bawah garis air (BGA) atau underwater yang berada di bawah garis DWL, serta pada bagian atas air (AGA) atau topside yang berada di atas garis DWL. Perhitungan dan perbandingan antar kebutuhan material pada proses blasting dan painting diperlukan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan yang lebih efisien. Dilakukan melakukan estimasi kebutuhan material untuk proses blasting dan painting pada keseluruhan area lambung kapal tongkang PSB 3005. Untuk mengetahui kebutuhan material blasting, dibandingkan antara pengujian blasting dengan tekanan kompresor yang berbeda, yaitu 7 bar dan 7,5 bar menggunakan material abrasive pasir silika yang umum digunakan pada perusahaan dok kapal. Pengujian blasting tersebut dilakukan pada pelat baja dengan ukuran (300 x 300 x 10) mm, sebanyak 2 pelat. Sedangkan untuk mencari kebutuhan cat yaitu dengan membandingkan penggunaan antara 2 merek yang berbeda, yaitu Jotun dan PPG. Kebutuhan cat dibandingkan dengan perbedaan volume solid namun dengan ketebalan yang sama antara 2 merek berbeda tersebut. Ketebalan cat yang diinginkan yaitu 350 mikron untuk bagian bawah air terdiri dari 150 mikron cat primer; 75 mikron cat sealer; dan 125 mikron cat antifouling. Sedangkan untuk bagian atas air ketebalan cat 250 mikron terdiri dari 125 mikron cat primer dan 125 mikron cat akhir. Dari pembahasan ini didapatkan kebutuhan material blasting dengan material abrasive silika ysng paling efisien yaitu sebesar 92.690 kg. Sedangkan kebutuhan total cat paling efisien adalah sebesar 1999,38 liter.
Efek Ekstrak Etanol 70% Herba Akar Kucing (Acalypha indica L.) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Gula Darah Mencit (Mus musculus) Jantan yang diinduksi Aloksan
Authors: Nihe Nur Fauziyah S. , Hartati Hartati , Nur Moh. Usman , Husain Fadli
Published: June 2024

Tanaman akar kucing (Acalypha indica L.) merupakan tanaman yang biasanya digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengatasi penyakit diabetes. Tanaman ini memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid dan alkaloid yang diduga memiliki efek terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak etanol herba akar kucing yang efektif dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah pada mencit (Mus musculus) jantan setelah diinduksi aloksan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian berjenis eksperimental laboratorium dengan kelompok perlakuan dosis yang berbeda yaitu F1 (5 mg), F2 (10 mg), dan F3 (15 mg) dan sebagai kontrol positif (K+) digunakan obat glibenklamid dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar gula darah menggunakan glukometer terhadap mencit jantan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan kadar gula darah terjadi pada mencit yang telah diberikan ekstrak etanol herba akar kucing setelah 7 hari pengamatan dengan selisih penurunan yaitu F1 41 mg/dl (33,06%), F2 57 mg/dl (45,72%), F3 64 mg/dl (57,06%). Hasil uji One Way Anova menggunakan SPSS 25.0 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan diantara 4 perlakuan tersebut dengan control positif. Kesimpulannnya bahwa semua konsentrasi ekstrak etanol herba akar kucing memiliki kemampuan dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah pada mencit dengan konsentrasi yang paling efektif adalah kelompok F3 15 mg (57,06%).The Acalypha indica L. is a plant that is usually used by people to treat diabetes. This plant contains flavonoid and alkaloid compounds, which are thought to have an effect on reducing blood glucose levels. This study aims to determine the concentration of the ethanol extract of the Acalypha indica herb that is effective in reducing blood sugar levels in male mice (Mus musculus) after being induced by alloxan. This research is a laboratory experimental type study with different dose treatment groups, namely F1 (5 mg), F2 (10 mg), and F3 (15 mg), and as a positive control (K+), the drug glibenclamide was used, and blood sugar levels were measured using a glucometer against male mice. The results showed that a decrease in blood sugar levels occurred in mice that had been given an ethanol extract of Acalypha indica herb after 7 days of observation, with a difference in the decrease, namely F1 41 mg/dl (33.06%), F2 57 mg/dl (45.72%), and F3 64 mg/dl (57.06%). The results of the one-way ANOVA test using SPSS 25.0 showed that there were significant differences between the four treatments and the positive control. The conclusion was that all concentrations of Acalypha indica herb ethanol extract had the ability to reduce blood sugar levels in mice, with the most effective concentration being the F3 15 mg group (57.06%).
Anti-Inflammatory Activity Test of Ethanol Extract of Kencur Rhizome (Kaempferia galanga L.) on Male White Mice (Mus musculus L.) Induced Carrageenan
Authors: Khasanah Nisfi Lailatul , Riyanta Aldi Budi , Susiyarti Susiyarti
Published: June 2024

Inflammation needs to be addressed, considering that inflammation is a local protective response caused by tissue damage. This condition can indeed be overcome by consuming chemical drugs, one of which is in the NSAIDS group, namely diclofenac sodium, but chemical drugs have many negative effects, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids. Therefore, there has been the creation of anti-inflammatory drugs using natural ingredients, especially plants. For generations, Indonesian people have used kencur as an edema medicine. This study aims to examine the anti-inflammatory properties of kencur ethanol extract rhizomes. This study tested anti-inflammatory activity through regeninduced suppression of foot edema in male white mice. In this study, 15 eligible mice aged 2–3 months and weighing 20–30 grams were divided into 5 treatment groups. Three separate doses of galangal rhizome extract—50 mg/kgBW, 150 mg/kgBW, and 250 mg/kgBW—were used in the test. Ethanol extract of kencur rhizomes at a dose of 250 mg/kgBW can reduce edema in male white mice produced by carrageenan by 1% and show possible anti-inflammatory properties, according to the results of studies tested by measuring edema using a digital caliper.
Fraksi Daun Andong Merah (Cordyline fruticose (L.) A. Cheval) Berpotensi sebagai Sitotoksik Metode BSLT
Authors: Utami Yuri Pratiwi , Imrawati Imrawati , Mus Suwahyuni , Astri Andi  Astri Sri Nurul Fardila , Mustarin Rahmah
Published: June 2024

Andong merah (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval) merupakan tanaman yang banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Kandungan senyawa yang ada pada tanaman andong merah berupa metabolit sekunder diantaranya polifenol, flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, steroid dan triterpenoid sedangkan pada daun andong merah mengandung senyawa polifenol, tannin dan flavonoid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui sitotoksisitas fraksi daun andong merah (C. Fruticosa) terhadap larva udang Artemia salina Leach menggunakan metode BSLT. Ekstrak etanol 70% menghasilkan tiga fraksi yaitu fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi etanol-air dengan teknik ekstraksi cair-cair (ECC) menggunakan tiga pelarut. Kemudian diuji sitotoksisitasnya dari seri konsentrasi 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm dan 100 ppm serta kontrol negatif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini berupa aktivitas sitotoksik fraksi dengan parameter nilai LC50 yaitu fraksi n-heksan 25,05 ppm ppm, fraksi etil aetat 85,21 ppm dan fraksi etanol-air 32,39 ppm. Kesimpulannya yakni fraksi dari daun andong merah (C. Fruticosa) termasuk dalam kategori sitotoksistas kuat. Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval is a plant that is widely used as a traditional medicine. The compounds contained in the red oak plant are secondary metabolites including polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids and triterpenoids whereas in the leaves of the red andong contain compound polyphenol, tannins and flavanoids. The aim of the study was to determine the cytotoxicity of the C. fruticosa fraction to the larvae of the shrimp Artemia salina Leach using the BSLT method. The 70% ethanol extract produces three fractions namely the n-hexane fraction, the ethyl acetate fraction and the ethanole-water fraction using the liquid-liquid extraction technique (ECC) using three solvents. Then they tested their cytotoxicity from a series of concentrations of 20 ppm, 40 ppm and 60 ppm as well as negative controls. The results obtained from this study were fractional cytotoxic activity with LC50 parameters of 25.05 ppm n-hexane fraction, 85.21 ppm ethyl acetate fraction and 32.39 ppm ethanol-water fraction. The conclusion is that the fraction of the C. Fruticosa leaves belongs to the category of strong cytotoxists
IMPLEMENTASI ASUHAN KEBIDANAN BERKELANJUTAN (CONTINUITY OF CARE) DI TPMB J PASAR MINGGU JAKARTA SELATAN TAHUN 2023
Authors: Yustisia Cahya
Published: June 2024

Countinuty of care (COC) merupakan kegiatan secara menyeluruh dan berlanjut dimulai dari periode kehamilan, kelahiran, nifas, bayi baru lahir serta keluarga berencana (KB) yang dibutuhkan setiap wanita. Countinuty of care dilaksanakan oleh tenaga kesehatan (Bidan) yang memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan yang menyeluruh dan berkesinambungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hasil penerapan asuhan kebidanan berkelanjutan dan komplementer di TPMB J. studi kasus ini menggunakan metode penelitian berupa asuhan kebidanan yang diberikan kepada satu responden yang berusia 34 tahun, penelitian dimulai dari trimester III dengan usia kehamilan 37 minggu hingga masa nifas 42 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan intervensi asuhan komplementer berupa senam hamil, birth ball, pijat oksitosin, breast care, dan pijat bayi. Hasil studi kasus ini menunjukkan asuhan telah diberikan sesuai dengan standar asuhan kebidanan. Diharapkan seluruh bidan dapat melakukan asuhan kebidanan secara berkelanjutan.
GAMBARAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKLETAL PADA PENGRAJIN SASIRANGAN DI KAMPUNG SASIRANGAN SUNGAI JINGAH KEC. BANJARMASIN UTARA
Authors: Fauziah Enny , Safitri Khusnul , Permatasari Dian Intan
Published: June 2024

Pekerjaan kerajinan sasirangan khususnya yang berhubungan dengan kekuatandan ketahanan manusia dalam melakukan pekerjaannya dapat menyebabkan masalahyang selama ini sering diabaikan, di antaranya adalah nyeri punggung, nyeri leher,nyeri pada pergelangan tangan,yang disebut gangguan muskuloskeletal. Sehinggakeluha muskuloskeletal menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan kerja.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetaui keluhan muskuloskeletal pada pengrajinsasirangan. Penelitian ini di Kampung Sasirangan Sungai Jingah, Kec. BanjarmasinUtara dengan metode deskriptif menggunakan alat ukur kuesioner Nordic Body Map.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata usia para pengrajin sasirangan 35 tahun,berdasarkan distribusi jenis kelamin paling banyak yang mengalami keluhanmuskuloskeltal yaitu perempuan dengan persentase 56,8%, berdasarkan distribusiMasa kerja rata-rata 5 tahun, berdasarkan distribusi Durasi Kerja rata-rata bekerja 7jam/hari dengan persentase 45,9%, berdasarkan distribusi Posisi Kerja rata-rata dudukdi lantai dengan persentase 54,0%, dan berdasarkan distribusi responden yangmengalami keluhan muskuloskeletal rata-rata 49,3 dengan interpretasi keluhan ringan,rata-rata mengeluhkan nyeri pada area pinggang.
GAMBARAN DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI PADA PESERTA EKSTRAKULIKULER BASKET DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Al Gifari Muhammad Yusrin , Putri Maulida Wijaya , Parulian Panjaitan Arnold Fransimon
Published: June 2024

Daya ledak otot merupakan hal terpenting bagi pemain basket, dimana seseorang mempergunakan kekuatan maksimum yang dikerahkan dalam waktu sependek-pendeknya atau sesingkat-singkatnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui distribusi usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, serta daya ledak peserta ekstrakulikuler basket di SMAN 2 Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan alat ukur vertical jump. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan usia yang paling banyak pada usia 16 tahun sebanyak 15 orang (53,57%), kemudian pada usia 15 dan 17 tahun masing-masing sebanyak 6 orang (21,42%), dan pada usia 18 tahun sebanyak 1 orang (3,57%). Hasil penelitian berdasarkan jenis kelamin yang paling banyak pada jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 16 orang (57,14%), pada jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 12 orang (42,85%). Hasil penelitian berdasarkan indeks masa tubuh yang paling banyak pada indeks 18,5-22,9 sebanyak 16 orang (57,14%) dan 23-29,9 sebanyak 10 orang (35,72%) sedangkan indeks paling sedikit adalah  <18,5 dan >30 sebanyak 1 (3,57%).Hasil penelitian berdasarkan daya ledak otot pada kategori baik dan cukup sebanyak 10 orang (35,77%), kategori baik sekali sebanyak 4 orang (14,78%), kategori kurang 3 orang (10,11%), sedangkan kategori sempurna hanya 1 orang (3.57%). Bagi pemain basket yang masih mempunyai kemampuan daya ledak otot tungkai yang kurang, agar dapat meningkatkannya dengan cara latihan yang rutin dengan menggunakan latihan plyometric
Effect of Prolonged Exposure Cherry Leaf Extract (Muntingia calabura) on The Death Larvae Aedes aegypti
Authors: Hidriya Hajrah
Published: June 2024

Dengue Fever  (dengue) is an epidemic disease that occurs every year in Indonesia. Several solutions have been used by the community since the past until now in overcoming the outbreak of dengue disease, through mosquito eradication by fogging, using the method of draining, closing, and burying mosquito nests and Aedes aegypti larvae  in stagnant water. Another alternative is needed, use of vegetable insecticides or environmentally friendly vector control, making larvicide from plant extracts. Kersen plant (Muntingia calabura) is one type of plant that has the potential to be developed as a vegetable insecticide. This study aims to determine the effect of prolonged exposure to Kersen extract (Muntingia calabura) on the death of Aedes aegypti larvae. The procedure in this study includes 4 processes, Kersen Leaf Sampling (Muntingia calabura), Making Kersen Leaf Extract (Muntingia calabura), Breeding Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae  and Test of the Effect of Long Exposure to Kersen Leaf Extract (Muntingia calabura). The efficiency of the effect of prolonged exposure on the death of larvae is within 2 hours. As for the effectiveness of long exposure time to the death of larvae there is at a time of 24 hours. This suggests that the length of exposure time had an influence on the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae.
Physiotherapy Management of Torticollis Sinistra at Ulin Banjarmasin Hospital: Case Study
Authors: Nafiah Nafiah Nafiah
Published: June 2024

Tortikolis adalah suatu kondisi kepala berada pada posisi miring, dengan dagu menunjuk ke salah satu bahu. Jenis  penelitian  ini  merupakan  studi  kasus  (case  study) yang dilakukan    di    Poli    Fisioterapi    RSUD    ULIN    Banjarmasin.  Adapun  waktu  penelitian Juli 2023. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seorang anak usia  1 tahun 3 bulan yang mengalami Torticolis sinistra. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan fisioterapi, didapatkan hasil terdapat kontraktur  m.sternoleidomatoideus sisi sinistra, deviasi kepala dan leher sedang < 45°, kelemahan grup otot lateral fleksor dan rotator sinistra head and neck, keterbatasan lingkup gerak sendi gerak fleksi, ekstensi, lateral fleksi dan rotasi sinistra head and neck, pasien kurang leluasa apabila melihat dengan ke arah kiri, keterbatasan saat menyusu dengan menoleh kesebelah kiri. Kemudian anak diberikan intervensi massage, stretching, active dan active assisted exercise didapatkkan hasil evaluasi bahwa terdapat perbaikan spasme dan kontraktur. Sedangkan pada problematika lainnya seperti kekuatan otot, lingkup gerak sendi, postur, dan aktivitas fungsional belum terdapat perbaikan dikarenakan adanya factor intrinsic seperti sulitnya membiasakan anak pada posisi berlawana saat aktivitas kesehariannya dan sebagainya. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan yang lebih memperhatikan aktifitas keseharian pasien.
Çalışan Lisansüstü Öğrencilerinin Karşılaştıkları Problemler
Authors: Çiftçi Kenan , Akbaşlı Sait
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada bir iş yerinde çalışmakta olan lisansüstü öğrencilerinin okullarında ve iş yerlerinde karşılaştıkları problemleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Nitel bir durum çalışması olarak tasarlanan bu araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 9 farklı üniversitede öğrenim görmekte olan 17 yüksek lisans ve doktora öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanması sürecinde araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi içerik analizi yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre lisansüstü öğrencilerinin çalıştıkları iş yerlerinde en sık karşılaştıkları problemlerin izin alamama, iş yükünün artırılması, işe odaklanamama, mobbing ve eğitim alınan alanda değerlendirilmeme olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yine sonuçlara göre lisansüstü öğrencilerinin öğrenim gördükleri okullarda karşılaştıkları problemler derse devam, danışmanın yetersiz rehberliği-iletişimi, fiziki alan yetersizliği, ulaşım, ders saatlerinin esnek olmayışı ve odaklanamama olarak belirlenmiştir. Öğrenciler, motivasyon eksikliği, zamanı yönetememe, ekonomik sıkıntı, iş ve okulun farklı şehirlerde olması ve yeterli girişkenlik gösterememe durumlarını kendilerinden kaynaklanan sorunlar olarak görmektedirler. Sorun olarak nitelendirilen durumların çözümü için öğrenciler tarafından çeşitli yollar geliştirildiği belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin karşılaştıkları problemleri; amirleri ile iyi ilişkiler geliştirerek, motivasyonlarını yüksek tutarak, farklı kaynaklara yönelerek, arkadaşlarından destek alarak, danışmanları ile iletişim kurarak, zamanı etkili kullanarak çözdükleri saptanmıştır. Ayrıca bazı öğrencilerin sorunlarını çözmek için hiçbir çaba sarf etmedikleri belirlenmiştir. Ortaya çıkan bulgu ve sonuçlara dayanarak, araştırmacılar ve uygulayıcılara yönelik, birtakım öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
قواعد منهجية في التعامل مع شُبَهِ المستشرقين في السنة النبوية
Authors: عواجي صالح
Published: June 2024

يهدف البحث إلى استقراء مجموعة من النصوص التي تعرّض لها المستشرقون بالدراسة، ووصف كيفية تناولهم لها؛ لاستنباط أهم القواعد المنهجية التي ينبغي مراعاتها في التعامل مع تلك الدراسات. كما يهدف البحث إلى إيجاد دراسة منفردة ومتخصصة ومختصرة في القواعد والضوابط المتعلقة برد شبهة الاستشراق في مجال السنة النبوية، فقد قمت بجمع هذه القواعد، ثم ترتيبها على مباحث ومطالب، محاولا وصفها وبناءها على تسلسل ذهني، يبدأ فيه المُطّلِع على الشبهة أولاً بمعرفة الخلفية التي انطلق منها هذا المستشرق سواء كانت منطلقات فكرية أو مخالفات منهجية، ثم تحديد المنهج الذي تعامل به المستشرق في طرح هذه الشبهة: منهج إسقاطي أو منهج مادي تاريخي أو منهج البناء والهدم أو المنهج التقريري الإخباري، ثم المسالك التي يسلكها الباحث في مناقشته والرد عليه، وذلك يشمل الاهتمام برد الشبهات الفرعية إلى شبهات رئيسة، والاحتكام إلى مرجع متفق عليه، والرد على المستشرقين بنقضهم لكلام بعضهم، واستخدام القواعد العقلية والمنطقية، والاستعانة بالوقائع والشواهد التاريخية، وبيان الأخطاء المنهجية في كتابات المستشرقين، والدفع بما لدى المستشرق في تاريخه من عيوب أشد مما انتقده. ومن أهم نتائج هذه البحث: ضرورة الاهتمام والعناية بتأصيل منهجية علمية في مجال نقد الاستشراق لقلة الدراسات في ذلك.
رعاية الفاعليّة في ضوء السّنّة النبويّة، وأثرها في التنمية مع نماذج من تطبيقاتها في صدر الإسلام
Authors: الماجد كلثم عمر عبيد
Published: June 2024

ناقشت هذه الدراسة مفهوم الفاعليّة، وهدفت إلى التعريف ببعض معالم تنمية الفاعليّة وتطبيقاتها في السّنّة النبويّة، كما هدفت إلى بيان وجوه الدافعيّة التي يغرسها كتاب الله تعالى وسنّة نبيّه e لبناء الفاعليّة في النفس، وتعزيزها المستمر. واتبعت الدراسة منهج الاستقراء والوصف. وخلصت إلى عدد من النتائج والتوصيات، أهمها: أنّ الفاعليّة مبدأٌ للتنمية ومَسَارٌ مُلازِمٌ لها، وأنّ السّنّة النبويّة تضمّنت كثيراً من دوافع الفاعليّة وتعزيزها، وأنّ تاريخ الإسلام حافلٌ بنماذج تجلّت فيها الفاعليّة بأجملِ حُلّةٍ وأبهاها. أما التوصيات فتضمّنت الحث على إبراز شخصيّة القدوة في جميع مراحل التعليم وفي عموم الحياة، كما تضمّنت الحثّ على التمكين التنموي لمن يتمتع بصفات الفاعليّة وتُلتمس فيه قدرات التنمية، وضرورة تطوير الفنون العلميّة الخادمة لمقررات علوم الشريعة ومناهجها بما يبني الفاعليّة لدى الناشئة ويعزّزها في نفوسهم.
International Energy Agency - Resilient Cooling of Buildings - Technology Profiles Report (Annex 80)
Authors:   Institute of Building Research & Innovation,   Institute of Building Research & Innovation,   Institute of Building Research & Innovation, Bogatu Dragos-Ioan , Bozonnet Emmanuel , Breesch Hilde , Corrado Vincenzo , Czarnecki Patryk , Gediz Ilis Gamze , Holzer Peter , Jaboyedoff Pierre , Kazanci Ongun Berk , Keller Thomas , Kling Bernhard , Krelling Amanda , Lee Sang Hoon , Levinson Ronnen , P. Tootkaboni Mamak , Psomas Theofanis , Qi Dahai , Rzihacek Constanze , Wolf Magdalena , Zinzi Michele
Published: June 2024

The world is facing a rapid increase of air conditioning of buildings. It is the motivation of Annex 80 to develop, assess and communicate solutions of resilient cooling and overheating protection. Resilient Cooling is used to denote low energy and low carbon cooling solutions that strengthen the ability of individuals and our community to withstand, and prevent, thermal and other impacts of changes in global and local climates. This report offers a collection of 16 technologies, well suited to form a part of Resilient Cooling solutions of Buildings. It is meant as a package of information for those who are in the position to draw decisions upon building-design, both retrofit and new constructions. The 16 technologies are structured in four main sections, which represent the four general approaches to making a building resilient against heat: - Reducing heat loads to people and indoor environments - Removing heat from indoor environments (production, emission and combined) - Increasing personal comfort apart from space cooling - Removing latent heat from indoor environments Each technology is described in a concise manner, sub structured in the chapters: Description, Key Technical Properties, Performance and Application and Further Reading
Mercado forestal Marzo 2024
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Kahler Carlos , Gysling Janina , Alvarez Verónica , Pardo Evaristo
Published: June 2024

Mercado forestal es una publicación trimestral que incluye en sus primeras páginas los elementos e indicadores que marcan la coyuntura económica nacional e internacional. Luego contiene un artículo sobre las exportaciones del período, documentos de análisis, noticias y un conjunto de series de precios de productos forestales tanto en el mercado externo como en el interno. Mercado forestal se publica en marzo, junio, septiembre y diciembre de cada año. La edición del mes de marzo contiene las cifras de exportaciones hasta el mes de febrero del año 2024.
Effects of Grammatical Gender on Gender Inferences: Experimental Evidence From Italian Common Gender Nouns
Authors: Safina Elena Sofia
Published: June 2024

Recent psycholinguistic research has focused on how different grammatical gender marking strategies affect people's mental representation of referents’ gender. Such works particularly explored how explicitly encoded linguistic elements, such as grammatical gender markers, may drive the inferential process as attentional clues. Results of reading comprehension tasks in French and German have shown that the explicit encoding of masculine gender in plural forms of role nouns often leads to a male bias, a specific masculine inference corresponding to the grammatical gender clue, even when the masculine form was intended as generic, thus including women and men. Moreover, comparing generic masculine forms with gender-fair alternatives revealed that the latter significantly reduce this male bias. The present study examines the impact of three gender marking strategies on the construction of generic mental representations. Indeed, the experiment tested generic masculine against two gender-fair forms (split masculine/feminine forms and ambiguous syntactic reformulations) among 38 Italian speakers. No significant effect was found in generating a generic mental representation through form manipulation. However, ambiguous syntactic reformulation realised by presenting target nouns from the Italian common gender noun class and through the neutralisation of determiners’ gender, increased the probability of a male-specific inference. Additionally, a keen interest in gender-fair language topics was linked to longer reaction times, indicating a higher cognitive effort during the inference process.
Complex Predicates in the Verbal System of Kumzari Language
Authors: Al-Jahdhami Said
Published: June 2024

Complex predicates, composites made of more than one grammatical element, are attested in an ample number of verbal systems cross-linguistically whereby syntactically independent elements combine together to form semantically joined units. Syntactic elements that belong to an array of forms and lexical categories chain with verbs to make verbal structures whose building and meaning are equally dependent on both parts of the structure. Each element exhibits certain patterns and behaviors, and makes its own semantic contribution to the composite predicate, resulting in a collective meaning that is not necessarily a precise reflection of the overall meanings signified by both elements. Drawing on data from Kumzari language, this paper attempts to give a better understanding of its verbal system, and to situate its complex predicates within the complex predicates spectrum. It argues that complex predicates in Kumzari belong to the ‘light verb constructions’ [LVCs] realm since both elements exhibit similar features attested in light verb constructions of other languages, including Indo-Iranian languages, such as syntactic and semantic compatibility, morphosyntactic behaviors, and joint predication of argument structures.
Les sciences et leurs spécificités. Représentations d'étudiants entrant en première année d'université scientifique
Authors: Maurines Laurence , Fuchs-Gallezot Magali
Published: June 2024

Dans la perspective d’une acculturation scientifique citoyenne de tous les élèves et d’un regain d’intérêt pour les métiers scientifiques, il est attendu plus ou moins explicitement des enseignants de sciences de l’enseignement secondaire français qu’ils aident les élèves à saisir la spécificité des sciences ainsi que l’existence de régimes de vérité différents. Nous présentons l’approche théorique adoptée consistant à caractériser les sciences en articulant pratiques sociales, psychologie et anthropologie puis les résultats d’une partie d’un questionnaire visant à explorer les représentations des sciences de 601 primo-entrants dans une université scientifique selon différentes entrées. L’une des trois questions retenues est centrée sur le scientifique considéré comme individu générique (quelles sont les quatre qualités les plus importantes pour être un scientifique ?). Les deux autres abordent les sciences comparativement à d’autres pratiques, l’une sous l’angle des savoirs (les connaissances scientifiques sont-elles de même nature que les connaissances artistiques et philosophiques ?), l’autre sous l’angle du sujet (un scientifique peut-il être croyant ?). Nous analysons les verbatims fournis aux questions comparatives et examinons l’impact du positionnement. Nous discutons de l’intérêt d’une approche centrée sur le sujet en termes de possibles.