bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical determination of beta-blockers: A review on voltammetric sensors with chemically modified electrode in terms of sensitivity and selectivity
Authors: Jiang Peixi
Published: July 2023

Beta-blockers are generally prescribed for cardiovascular treatment and sometimes as sedative drugs for professionals such as musicians and athletes, which can cause serious side and adverse effects when the dosage is high. Additionally, beta-blockers are maintained as prohibited drugs for athletes by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). It is urgent to develop quick, simple and affordable analytical tools for beta-blockers. Electrochemical sensors have been favored by researchers for their simplicity, portability and quick detection. Therefore, this review discusses the most common voltammetric sensors for beta-blockers, along with two important features for effective determination: sensitivity and selectivity, which are realized by chemically modified electrodes.
Review of self-assembly of nanoparticles and its applications in the manufacturing of different types of colloids
Authors: Lu Quanbo
Published: July 2023

An innovative approach that blends nanotechnology technologies with supramolecular chemistry can accelerate the creation of complex nanoparticle-based goods, self-assembly is used in the production of nanoscale self-assembled systems with desired properties with great versatility and potential. One of the most intriguing classes of material that can be constructed by self-assembly is colloids which is widely used in many areas, especially in the pharmaceutical and industry.
Structural design of solar car body based on solid mechanics analysis of solar panel surface
Authors: He Jiahao
Published: July 2023

With the increasingly serious problem of global warming and the growing scarcity of energy represented by oil, automobile development has reached a historical tipping point. Nowadays, the most popular solution is to use other clean and sustainable energy to replace current oil and natural gas, thereby addressing both environmental and energy shortage issues. Solar energy, as a "inexhaustible" source of energy, has made significant technological advances over the course of human history. There is, however, a gap in the application of solar energy technology in automotive technology. This paper uses COMSOL software to model the most commonly used solar panels and simulates and studies the streamline distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, and stress distribution of the solar surface under high-speed movement of 90km/h. SoildWorks simulation is used to design a vehicle body structure for future solar cars based on these data. FLUENT software is used to simulate and study the streamline distribution and pressure distribution of the car body at a high speed of 90km/h. Finally, the design's logic and feasibility are validated. The fluids on the surface of a single solar panel and a vehicle body are simulated in this paper. Testing the pressure distribution and stress and strain tests can reveal the rationality and feasibility of the structural design.
Microstructure similarity analysis between synthetic phase-separated block copolymers and natural spider silk
Authors: Yang Qin
Published: July 2023

This papers primary purpose is to explore why the microstructure of synthetic block copolymers and natural spider silk is similar at the nanoscale. This paper analyses the main chain segments and secondary structures of natural spider silk, clarifies the aggregation order, and introduces the contribution of secondary systems to the properties of natural block copolymers. Secondly, combined with the synthesis mechanism of natural spider silk, this paper summarizes and analyzes the general process of the synthesized block copolymer. Finally, the conditions of self-assembly of artificial fragments to form the structure are analyzed by employing mean-field theory and a phase diagram. Natural and ideal synthetic spider silk block copolymers have high similarity in performance. To achieve this, scientists can only start from the primary segment to understand their arrangement order in the secondary structure. Then the influence of each block on the properties of the silk fiber is analyzed. At the same time, the size and shape of self-assembled block copolymers are controlled at the micro-scale, thereby changing their properties. The mechanism above shows that the synthesized spider silk block copolymer is similar to natural spider silk in microscopic morphology.
Study on electrochemical effects of carbon nanotube material defects
Authors: Chen Zhuo
Published: July 2023

The study and implementation of clean, efficient, and long-lasting forms of new energy are currently the focal point of scientific inquiry all over the globe. Carbon nanotubes are excellent hydrogen storage materials, catalyst carriers, and electronic device components due to their outstanding electrochemical properties and near-ideal one-dimensional nanospace. The periodic structure of the crystal and the surrounding charge distribution can be effectively altered by constructing defects in electrode materials or electrocatalysts, as has been demonstrated in a large number of recent studies. This paper provides a summary of the interaction of carbon-carbon double bonds, an analysis of the electrochemical properties of single-wall carbon nanotubes with various chiral graphene defects, and an investigation of the electrochemical properties of double-walled carbon nanotubes with blade dislocation, spiral dislocation, and their composite structures, all based on molecular dynamics simulation.
Review of the development of graphene and application in photocatalyst
Authors: Yu Zichao
Published: July 2023

Graphene was originally found as a thin sheet structure. Researchers have expanded their studies to include this 2D carbon structure in recent years. The paper aims to give a review of the development of graphene and its application in photocatalysts based on existing research literature and data. The result shows that, currently, graphene-based nanomaterials for medical applications are a popular research topic. In this paper, the structure, characteristics, synthesis and surface modification of graphene is classified into covalent and non-covalent approaches.
Synthesis and engineering of porous metal-organic frameworks to store hydrogen
Authors: Fan Buzheng , Huan Chu , Wang Ziqi
Published: July 2023

Hydrogen energy is a clean and efficient renewable energy with water as its only combustion by-product, and the research on hydrogen energy has also attracted extensive attention in the world industry and academia. Despite the gradually extensive usage of hydrogen, the efficient storage of hydrogen remains a bottleneck, which hinders its further large-scale application. As a volatile fuel, hydrogen needs to be stored safely and efficiently. Porous metal-organic frameworks persist in high specific surfaces, high pore volume, and modifiable pore structure, which shows broad application prospects in gas storage, especially hydrogen storage. To explore how to design MOFs to improve their hydrogen storage performance, this paper introduces various synthesis methods for MOFs. The strategies for engineering the MOFs and improving their hydrogen storage capacity are comprehensively summarized. The enlarged specific surface area and enhanced combining enthalpy of MOFs are decisive factors for achieving better hydrogen storage performance. Compared with high-pressure compressed hydrogen and low-temperature liquid hydrogen, MOF may become the alternative next-generation mainstream hydrogen storage technology in accomplishing safe and efficient hydrogen storage.
Metal oxide thin film transistor and its active layer materials
Authors: He Shuyan , Li Hao , Zhang Tuyuanyuan
Published: July 2023

Metal oxide thin-film transistors (MOTFTs) have the characteristics of high electron mobility, large-area production, and relatively low fabrication temperature and have received extensive attention as a research hotspot in recent years. Based on a large number of literatures, this paper introduces the typical single-component representative of MOTFT, multi-component compound oxide semiconductor active layer materials such as IZO, IGO, IGZO, etc. At the same time, due to the unique advantages of nanomaterials, material modification is carried out in different dimensions, and six physical and chemical preparation methods of its active layer are described, including a relatively unique Low-temperature preparation method based on improved gel precursor components and UV photocatalysis. Multi-component oxides and composite structures based on nanomaterials are currently the most studied fields, and on this basis, more excellent performance can be studied and prepared. It mainly summarizes its application in large-scale display and flexible electronics and looks at its development direction.
Effective design of advanced flexible piezoelectric materials
Authors: Zhou Lingyu
Published: July 2023

Piezoelectric ceramics are relatively common materials that can convert mechanical energy and electrical energy into each other. They are widely used in our life in electroacoustic devices, communication, navigation, precision measurement and ultrasonic energy conversion. Its texture is hard and brittle, its processability is not very good, and its use is limited. If piezoelectric ceramics are made into flexible piezoelectric composites by compounding with flexible matrices to improve mechanical properties, they can be applied to wearable and flexible devices. This paper briefly introduces the basic principle of the piezoelectric effect, introduces the preparation methods of three typical flexible piezoelectric composites and their dielectric, piezoelectric and mechanical properties, introduces the recent research work and the latest scientific research achievements of relevant teams, summarizes the research progress of flexible piezoelectric materials, and provides ideas for finding flexible piezoelectric composites that have good dielectric, piezoelectric and mechanical properties.
Mechanical properties and application of superconducting materials of Nb3Sn
Authors: Jin Yudi
Published: July 2023

Nb3Sn is one of the most promising low temperature superconducting materials and its high critical current density, high critical magnetic field strength and high critical transition temperature have attracted a lot of attention in many application areas. However, the superconductivity of Nb3Sn is strongly sensitive to its mechanical behaviour. The strain and torque arise from tension during cabling and electromagnetic forces during working operation can affect the critical performance of the strand. In this paper, the development of superconducting materials was firstly introduced in a brief way. Subsequently, the paper focused on several experiments to test the mechanical properties. Devices such as Pacman and TRASIS are used to measure the axial strain/stress, transverse force, spatial periodic contact loading cycles and periodic bending. In the next section, the paper introduced the applications and finally drew a conclusion. These results shed light on guiding future studies focusing on Nb3Sn and lay a foundation for subsequent mechanical studies of Nb3Sn.
Advances and perspectives of spin coating techniques
Authors: Yin Yue
Published: July 2023

Spin coating is a kind of economically friendly technology accompanied by outstanding application performance, which has been widely adopted in the functional thin film fabrication field. Widespread attention has been attracted owing to their superior controllability. In this paper, the fundamental principles, film quality evaluation methods, and the current development of the spin coating technique are discussed. Through the ideal model and empirical formula, the key factors controlling the film thickness are obtained and are ready to produce marvelous functional films. Currently, the manufacturing demand for solar cells in the energy market is calling for high-quality thin films. Therefore, spin-coating has become a promising candidate. The characteristics of the spin-coating methods reviewed in this paper are adopted to maximize the properties of the obtained films and provide theoretical support for the preparation of high-efficiency solar cells. Finally, this novel growth point of using the spin coating method in the photovoltaic film is forecasted.
Analysis of urban heating island effect in Tokyo and sustainable solution
Authors: Zong Cheng
Published: July 2023

Urban heating island effect (UHI) becomes a global serious problem these days, which should be caught attention to try to reduce it. Tokyo is one of the countries which faced this curious circumstance. The urban area of Tokyo had higher average temperature than rural area. The main reasons include too many high-rises and the materials in buildings which could increase the temperature. This article discuss the practical solutions for UHI in Tokyo and other countries. Firstly, the wall should be painted with light colors. Secondly, Establishing the green transportation system which has low energy consumption and light pollution. Thirdly, wood should be put more use in building and rebuilding constructions. By solving or reducing urban heat island effect, not only human will be more comfortable but also the environment problems such as global warming could be relieved which gives it more global meaning.
The investigation of the effect of different protein content in fish food on the average weight of Lactuca Sativa under SRAPS aquaponics condition
Authors: Liu Dingyuan
Published: July 2023

Commercial aquaponics for crop production is a sustainable agricultural technique that functions based on the merging of three biological systems: crops, fish, and nitrifying bacteria. However, finding the right balance and factors needed for the three biological systems to achieve high and efficient crop productivity that may satisfy commercial needs still requires further study, especially aquaponics which combines aquaculture and hydroponics in a single cycle, namely the SRAPS system. In this paper, three trials of the growth of Lactuca sativa were done based on SRAPS conditions. The results demonstrated a visible difference between the two sets of common lettuce. The set given fish food with a high-protein content showed a larger average weight of common lettuce at harvest time compared to that of the set given a low-protein content.
Research status of large-area flexible organic solar cells
Authors: Li Hanlin
Published: July 2023

Solar cell technology, as the hottest clean energy technology nowadays, can convert the abundant solar energy on earth into electricity. As the latest development direction of solar cell technology, large-area F-OSCs have a broad application prospect. Compared with traditional inorganic solar cells, large-area flexible organic solar cells(F-OSCs) have various advantages including flexibility, low cost and low weight. Because of its unparalleled advantages, the research field of large-area F-OSCs has achieved rapid development in recent years. This review shows representative results in the field through different aspects of the structure, fabrication process and applications of large-area F-OSCs. Also this review summarizes the problems that still exist in various aspects of large-area F-OSCs. Nowadays, the main problems that need to be solved for large-area F-OSCs are 1) increasing the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of the cells 2) improving the stability of the devices in the natural environment and 3) reducing the cost of manufacturing. Finally, an outlook on the future widespread application of large-area F-OSCs is presented.
Plastic deformation of Ag/MgO interface system during tensile fracture: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Fu Xueqiong
Published: July 2023

Fracture experiments on layered metal-ceramic composites show that the plastic dissipation in the metal near the crack tip accounts for most of the macroscopic fracture toughness. In this work we studied the microscopic plastic deformation mechanisms of Ag/MgO interface systems using molecular dynamics (MD) method. As tensile strain increases, lattice dislocations nucleate at interface misfit dislocations and propagate in metal layer. The formation of immobile Hirth dislocations in Ag causes hardening. As the metal layer increases, the yield strength decreases and the hardening range is shortened. Large interface area increases the degree of inhomogeneity of dislocation motion and interface fracture behavior, leading to decreased interface yield strength.
Papel del receptor de la Lipoproteína de baja densidad oxidado tipo lectina–1 como marcador sérico de la aterosclerosis
Authors:   Laboratorio de Investigación y Postgrado de la Escuela de Bioanálisis (LIPEB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Figueira Leticia
Published: July 2023

El receptor de lipoproteínas de baja densidad oxidado tipo lectina -1 (LOX-1) es una glicoproteína transmembrana que constituye el principal receptor de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad oxidada (LDLox), que participa en la disfunción endotelial, apoptosis y formación de células espumosas, eventos claves en la fisiopatología de la aterosclerosis. En el presente estudio se evaluó los niveles séricos de LOX-1, LDLox y los productos de peroxidación lipídica que reaccionan con el ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) y su evolución en el tiempo en conejos alimentados con dieta enriquecida con colesterol. Para ello, 42 conejos machos Nueva Zelanda fueron divididos en dos grupos durante 12 semanas: Grupo 1 (control): Conejarina. Grupo 2: Conejarina suplementada con 0,5% p/p de colesterol. Se realizaron determinaciones séricas de colesterol y sus fracciones, LOX-1, LDLox y TBARS al inicio, 4ta, 8va y 12ma semana de experimentación. 7 conejos de cada grupo fueron sacrificados a la 4ta, 8va y 12ma semana y se realizó estudio histológico de su aorta. Se encontró un aumento en los niveles séricos de LOX-1, LDLox y TBARS en el grupo 2 desde la 4ta semana de experimentación con respecto al control (Grupo 1) (p<0,0050), lo cual se vio acompañado de ateromas. En conclusión, el LOX-1, LDLox y TBARS son marcadores séricos no invasivos de aterosclerosis; corroborando el papel del estrés oxidativo en la fisiopatología de la aterosclerosis.
Propuesta para la estandarización de endotoxinas bacterianas y pirógenos en dos productos farmacéuticos parenterales por los métodos del lisado de amebocitos de Limulus y la prueba de activación de monocitos
Authors:   Cátedra de Microbiología Aplicada, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, 47206, Los Chaguaramos 1041-A, Caracas, Venezuela, Requena Andrea V.
Published: July 2023

La detección de pirógenos en productos parenterales es de suma importancia en la industria biotecnológica, la industria farmacéutica, los laboratorios de control de la calidad y agencias regulatorias. Los pirógenos son sustancias que provocan fiebre y no se eliminan mediante los procesos de esterilización estándar, siendo biológicamente activos una vez que se encuentran en el torrente sanguíneo, lo que provoca riesgos para la salud humana, que van desde reacciones leves (por ejemplo, fiebre) hasta shock séptico y muerte. Por lo tanto, la prueba de pirógenos es obligatoria para las formulaciones de fármacos y biotecnológicos inyectables, terapias celulares y diversos dispositivos médicos. Las pruebas de pirógenos son ensayos de seguridad realizados durante el control de calidad de rutina de los productos inyectables exigidos por las agencias reguladoras. Entre dichas pruebas de pirógenos se encuentran: 1) la Prueba de Endotoxinas Bacterianas (BET, LAL) y 2) Los sistemas de prueba que utilizan sangre total humana o monocitos humanos, denominada Prueba de Activación de Monocitos (MAT). En el presente trabajo se comparan las metodologías a seguir de los ensayos LAL gel clot, LAL cromogénica y MAT para la estandarización de pirógenos incluyendo las EB en dos productos farmacéuticos parenterales: penicilina G sódica y ranitidina inyectable.
Brugerundersøgelse af de Nationale Cykelruter
Authors: Sørensen Michael , Jakobsen Mette Eklund , Andersen Peter Stanley , Nielsen Maria H. , Kallesen Martin K.
Published: July 2023

I Danmark findes der et unikt netværk af cykelruter på næsten 5.000 km, som består af 11 Nationale Cykelruter. Disse ruter forbinder landet fra syd til nord og fra øst til vest. For at styrke det fremtidige arbejde med de Nationale Cykelruter har Vejdirektoratet med bistand fra ”Via Trafik – En del af Sweco” gennemført en brugerundersøgelse af ruterne. Brugerundersøgelsen omfattede: 1) Interviews med brugerne, 2) interviews med relevante aktører og 3) tællinger på alle de Nationale Cykelruter.
Clinicopathological Features of Oral Leukoplakia Among Snuff Users and Non-Users: An Analytical Study
Authors: Naushin Tehmina , Khan Abbas Saleem , Alam Sadaf , Motahir Nasiha , Fatima Iqbal  , Younas Hoor Maryam , Mahmood Sidra , Mahmood Uzma
Published: July 2023

Oral leukoplakia refers to a white lesion of questionable risk excluding other lesions carrying a risk of conversion into malignancy. Tobacco is regarded as the most common risk factor and may affect the clinicopathological aspect of the said lesion. Objectives: To check the clinicopathological features of oral leukoplakia among snuff users and non-users. Methods: The present analytical study was done on 60 oral leukoplakia cases and was further subdivided into 30 cases of snuff users and 30 non users. Clinicopathological features were assessed in all the cases. Data analysis were done by using SPSS-20. Results: The observed male cases were 43 (71.7 %) and female cases were 17 (28.3%). The ratio was found to be 2.5:1. All the 30 snuff users were males. Among non-users 13/30 (43.3%) were males and 17/30 (56.7%) were females. The relationship was found to be statistically significant with a p-value of <0.01. The mean age among cases who used snuff was 56.97 (SD ± 14.71) while the mean age among non-users was found to be 47.43 (SD ± 13.44). In snuff user’s buccal mucosa was affected in 12/30 (40%) cases whereas in non-user buccal mucosa was also the most common site 18/30 (60%) cases showing a non-significant relationship p-value 0.59. Conclusions: Oral leukoplakia was more prevalent among males with a mean age range of more than fifty years and buccal mucosa and buccal sulcus being the most common sites. Dysplastic epithelium was more common among those cases that used snuff and this showed that chances of malignant transformation are more in such cases.
Assessment of Knowledge of Healthcare Professionals on Hand Hygiene Practices in Tertiary Care Hospitals: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gul Najia , Khurshid Saba , Asghar Sabahat
Published: July 2023

Hand hygiene is one of the significant strategies to control and reduce infections, mortality, and healthcare cost in healthcare settings.  Knowledge about hand hygiene practices helps to adopt optimal and validated techniques to prevent the transmission of infections.  Therefore, the study was carried out to assess the healthcare professionals’ knowledge of hand hygiene practices in hospital settings. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of healthcare professionals regarding hand hygiene practices in hospitals. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on healthcare professionals. After fulfilling the inclusion criteria, a total of 250 participants were selected by using convenient sampling techniques. The WHO questionnaire on Hand Hygiene Knowledge was used to fulfill the aims of the study. Descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze data. Results: The results of the current study showed that 59.2% of healthcare professionals had received formal training in hand hygiene in the last past 3 years. Overall moderate knowledge had been observed among healthcare professionals across the different departments. Conclusions: Having adequate knowledge related to hand hygiene practice cannot work alone to prevent the cross-transmission of germs. Proper surveillance and observation can increase compliance with hand hygiene. There is a strong demand to initiate different activities and workshops to train healthcare professionals on hand hygiene. As healthcare professionals are in close contact with patients in different departments even intensive care units. So, therefore, they need to be fully equipped with the basic knowledge and practice of HH.
Outcome Assessment of Steritin Tulle Gauze, Aquacel Ag and Kaltostat Dressing at Skin Graft Donor Sites
Authors: Katpar Hira , Sara Noor  , Rana Hassan Javaid  , Bajwa Ghazanfar Ali , Farah Naz  , Abdul Rasool
Published: July 2023

Split Thickness Skin Graft (STSG) is a common surgical procedure used to reconstruct defects in plastic surgery. Various dressing options are available for the donor site, each with its pros and cons. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of three dressing options for STSG donor sites. Methods: The study was conducted from April to September 2022. Sixty patients were randomized equally into three groups and assessed for wound healing, pain, infection, and ease of dressing removal. The dressing options were Steritin Tulle gauze, Aquacel Ag, and Kaltostat. Results: All donor sites healed within 14-days, and no infections were observed. Aquacel Ag dressing caused less pain in early post-operative days, and Kaltostat dressing was easier to remove compared to Steritin dressing. Conclusions: Our study found that the use of Aquacel Ag and Kaltostat dressing can be more beneficial for Split Thickness Skin Graft donor sites.
Awareness of Dietary Habits and Balanced Lifestyle Among Physical Therapy Students
Authors: Fauz Rabia , Hani Umme , Batool Sana , Javaid Maham
Published: July 2023

Obesity has now-a-days became global epidemic and the fifth leading cause of death. A strong relation has been observed between obesity and mortality among the general population Objective: To observe the nutritional status of the food intake in physical therapy students to make a guideline to modify the dietary habits. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in January 2022 to June 2022 among the students at Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi. The minimum sample size was calculated as 75. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data from the students. IBM SPSS Version-26 was used for data analysis. Results: The average weight and height of the students was 52.8 ± 9.5 SD (kg) and 5.34 ± 0.27 SD (feet). The BMI was measured as (height)2 / weight. The mean BMI calculated was 20.4 ± 3.4 SD. Based on the BMI, the frequency of overweight students was 13 (8.2%) and obese were 2 (1.3%). Remaining 52 (32.9%) were under- weight. The majority of students i.e., 82.2% reported that they eat two to three meals per day. Consumption of fruits and vegetables was least common. Less than one-fourth of the students said that they intake fruits on regularly. Snack consumption other than regular meals was about 21.5% among students. Conclusions: Students were found to have normal weight. The current study indicates that most of the students were well aware and concerned of obesity and over-weight and they tried to maintain their body weight by controlling diet.
E-GİRİŞİMCİLİĞİN DÜNYA VE TÜRKİYE E-TİCARET VERİLERİ IŞIĞINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: COVİD-19 VE ÖNCESİ DÖNEMİN ANALİZİ
Authors: TERZİBAŞ Ayhan
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Çalışmada, temel amaç Türkiye’de e-girişimciliğin 2015-2021 arası Türkiye ve Dünya e-ticaret verileri ışığında değerlendirilmesidir. Ayrıca Covid-19 pandemi ve öncesi dönemin etkilerini yorumlamak ve geleceğe dönük beklentilerle birlikte öneriler sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada tanımlayıcı ve açıklayıcı araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama yöntemi olarak, nitel bir veri toplama yöntemi olan doküman/kayıt incelemesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada tüm dünya ve Türkiye’den yayınlanan verilerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandığı için evrenin tamamından 2015 ile 2022 yılları arasını kapsayan e-ticaret ve e-girişimlerle ilgili tüm veriler toplanmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmayı gerçekleştirmek için Türk Sanayicileri ve İş İnsanları Derneği (TÜSİAD), Türkiye Odalar ve Borsalar Birliği (TOBB), Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK), Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Ticaret Bakanlığı E-Ticaret Bilgi Sistemleri Dairesi Başkanlığı, Türkiye Bilişim Sanayicileri Derneği (TÜBİSAD), Dünya Bankası (World Bank), Birleşmiş Milletler Ticaret ve Kalkınma Konferansı (UNCTAD), Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Ticaret Bakanlığı (United States Department of Commerce) ve bu kurumların istatistiklerini yayınladığı bazı organizasyonlar tarafından yayınlanan veriler kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Türkiye ve dünyada e-ticaret, benzer şekilde olumlu yönde gelişim kaydetmiştir. Özellikle Covid-19 döneminde E-ticaret rakamlarında kayda değer artışlar yaşanmıştır. Covid-19’un e-ticarete etkisi Türkiye’de daha yoğun hissedilmiş ve Türkiye’deki e-girişim sayılarında çok yüksek düzeyde artışlar yaşanmıştır. Sonuç: E-ticaretin hacimlerinin ve teknolojinin sürekli gelişiyor olması, e-girişimciliğe yapılan yatırımların ve verilen desteklerin artması gerektiğini göstermektedir. E-ticaret, girişimlerin dünya pazarına ulaşmasında benzersiz imkânlar sunmaktadır. Sunulan imkânlardan faydalanarak hem işletmelere, hem tüketicilere hem de ülke ekonomilerine ciddi faydalar sağlanması için e-girişimciliğin finansal, yönetimsel ve eğitime dayalı teşviklerle desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.
PILOT DECISIONS ARE THE RESULT OF MANAGEMENT DETERMINING FLIGHT SAFETY
Authors: I Gusti Bagus Mahendra Putra  , Hery Winoto Tj  , Soegeng Wahyoedi
Published: July 2023

Aviation safety is the ultimate goal of aviation in both civil and military in several accident reports and data from the aviation safety directorate of the Indonesian Army Aviation Center (Puspenerbad) human factors rank first cause of accidents as much as 74%. The purpose of this study is to determine the magnitude of the influence Flight Experience and Flight Proficiency against pilots decision making which has implications for aviation safety. The method in this study used quantitative descriptive analysis, with 99 respondents. Data collection is carried out by distributing questionnaires Google Forms and analyzed with the app SmartPLS 4.0. The conclusions obtained in this study put Flight Experience and Flight Proficiency does not affect flight safety if not mediated by the pilot decision making and flight safety is affected by pilots decision making.
THE GHADAR MOVEMENT: IGNITING THE FLAME OF FREEDOM IN INDIA
Authors: Rashid Manzoor Bhat
Published: July 2023

The study attempts to explore the Ghadar Movement, a pivotal revolutionary organisation in the early 20th century that played a significant role in India's struggle for independence. It aims to understand the socio-political origins of the Movement, to analyse its key figures and strategies, to assess its impact on Indian nationalism, and to evaluate its global impact and enduring legacy. The study employs a historical and analytical methodology, using primary and secondary sources to gather data, which is then interpreted and contextualised. In-depth examination of archival documents revealed the influences of colonial oppression, global events, and the sentiments of the Indian diaspora in igniting the Ghadar Movement. The study identifies key figures, their motivations and the strategies they employed, such as direct revolts and protests, as well as indirect approaches like propaganda and international networking. The research finds that the Ghadar Movement significantly influenced the rise of Indian nationalism and other revolutionary movements, shaping the course of India's freedom struggle. It also managed to garner notable international support, leaving a lasting impact beyond India's borders. It finds that the movement though unsuccessful in its immediate goals, left an indelible legacy in post-independence India, influencing its socio-political fabric and contributing to the narrative of India's struggle for independence.
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC ON THE COFFEE CULINARY TOURISM AND COFFEE FARMERS IN CENTRAL ACEH
Authors: Cut Rizka Al Usrah  , Emmia Tambarta Kembaren  , Fantashir Awwal Fuqara  , Taufiqurrahman
Published: July 2023

The potential of coffee culinary tourism and the position of gayo arabica coffee products themselves have a strong position both nationally and internationally because they have a distinctive aroma and taste. However, the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic that has occurred since March 2020 has had a huge impact on various tourism sectors in Indonesia in general and Aceh Province in particular, especially in the field of socio-cultural tourism. The corona outbreak, which has become more massive lately, has greatly disrupted the culinary tourism industry to a significant point due to the lack of visitors. This condition will cause various impacts in the realm of Gayo Arabica coffee culinary tourism itself. The various impacts felt by coffee culinary tourism in Central Aceh Regency must be known in order to prepare solutions so that they can explore more potential that has not been optimized in advancing coffee culinary tourism. This research was conducted in Central Aceh Regency. This is because Central Aceh Regency is the main production area of Gayo Arabica coffee which has many culinary tours with a concentration of coffee commodities as raw materials. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Method is a method used to research on the condition of natural objects, where the researcher is the key instrument (Sugiyono, 2005). Furthermore, according to Moleong (2005), qualitative research is research that intends to understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by the research subject. The research methods used were observation, deep interview and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). This research produces TKT 1 with output targets in the form of (1) scientific publications in crosreff or national accredited research journals with accepted status, (2) IPR of research reports with granted status, (3) publication of activities in print or online media.
LEGAL ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE PERSONNEL OF THE CRIME OF THEFT WITH AGRAM IN THE MEDAN STATE COURT
Authors: Yasmirah Mandasari Saragih  , Robert Napitupulu  , Utrechk Ricardo  , Sri Devi Zebua
Published: July 2023

Judge's Consideration in Imposing Imprisonment Against Perpetrators of the Crime of Theft in Medan District Court In Decision Number: 1039/Pid.B/2022/PN Mdn The defendant was charged with theft in aggravating circumstances, carried out by means of juridical and non-juridical considerations proving the defendant guilty imposed on Article 363 paragraph (1) 4rd, 5th of the Criminal Code and Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code and other relevant laws and regulations, so that the defendant is sentenced to imprisonment for 3 (three) ) year and 6 (six) months was deducted while the defendant was in temporary detention. Evidence in the perpetrators of the crime of theft in Medan District Court In Decision Number: 1039/Pid.B/2022/PN Mdn, considering the elements, a) whoever,
THE POLITICS OF LAND LAW AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAM IN INDONESIA
Authors: Jesse Heber Ambuwaru  , Bintan R. Saragih  , Listyowati Sumanto
Published: July 2023

Agrarian reform is primarily aimed at overcoming inequality in land ownership, realizing legal certainty, prosperity and welfare for the whole community. The research objective is to describe howthe development of agrarian politics related to agrarian reform, the implementation of agrarian reform in Indonesia and the obstacles faced in implementing agrarian reform. This type of normative legal research is descriptive and the statute approach and concept approach are used in this study. Secondary data that has been collected is analyzed qualitatively, and conclusions are drawn using deductive logic. The results of the study show that the politics of agrarian law related to agrarian reform in the Old Order, New Order and Reform Order eras have led to efforts to realize equal distribution of prosperity for all people. The implementation of agrarian reform achieved success achieved by the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency through the acceleration of the Agrarian Reform Object Land and Complete Systematic Land Registration programs which always reach the target every year. It is targeted that in 2025 all land parcels in Indonesia will have been certified through the Complete Systematic Land Registration program. There are various internal and external obstacles faced in implementing agrarian reform.
COMMUNICATION PRIVACY MANAGEMENT AMONG GEN-Z INFLUENCERS: EXPLORING THE INSTAGRAM NGL FEATURE AND ILLUSION OF SOCIAL CLOSENESS
Authors: Dessy Mutiara Cipta  , Silvanus Alvin
Published: July 2023

This research discusses the phenomenon of using the NGL Link or Not Gonna Lie feature on Instagram, which allows users to answer anonymous questions. It highlights the Communication Privacy Management (CPM) theory and its relevance to understanding how individuals manage their personal information. The research aims to explore the motivations of micro-influencers, specifically from Generation Z, in using the NGL Link feature and how they manage communication privacy on their Instagram main accounts. The methods used in this qualitative research include interviews and data documentation. The results and discussion section presents the findings from interviews with four micro-influencers, highlighting their different approaches to communication privacy management and motivations for using the NGL Link feature. One interesting finding is the existence of an illusion of closeness between micro-influencers and their followers on social media.
The Effect of Financial Distress and Corporate Social Responsibility on Tax Avoidance (Case Study of Manufacturing Companies in the Pharmaceutical Sub-Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the years 2017-2021 Period)
Authors: Ainur Ramadani Sela
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of financial distress and corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance in the pharmaceutical manufacturing subsector during the period of 2017-2021. The population of this study consists of pharmaceutical manufacturing companies. The research methodology employed is quantitative. The data used for this study were obtained from the website www.idx.co.id and annual reports that have been audited for each year, accessible through the official websites of the respective companies. Data collection was conducted using purposive sampling, with a total sample size of 30 data points over a 5-year observation period. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows. The results of the analysis indicate that the variable of financial distress does not have a significant effect on tax avoidance, while the variable of corporate social responsibility has a negative effect on tax avoidance.
Особенности построения шляпкообразной модели друкера-прагера для неспечeнных порошковых материалов
Authors: Петросян Г.Л. , Бабаян А.А.
Published: July 2023

A composite model of powder materials has been constructed based on the Mor-Coulon and Drucker-Prager plasticity conditions. However, most studies were carried out using the Drucker-Prager plasticity condition. A simplified version of the plasticity condition for the curved part of the Drucker-Prager Cap-shaped model in the case of plastic deformation of powder materials is shown. To build a real typical Drucker-Prager model, tabular data on the values of the four main parameters of powder materials were used, obtained in cases of various volumetric plastic deformations p vol  based on experimental data. Computer simulation of the process was carried out in the MS EXCEL software environment․ Based on the obtained results, plots of a typical Drucker-Prager Cap-shaped model are constructed. Չեռակալված փոշենյութերի բաղադրյալ գլխարկային մասով մոդելները կառուցվել են Մոր- Կուլոնի և Դրուկեր-Պրագերի պլաստիկության պայմանների հիման վրա, սակայն ավելի շատ հետազոտություններ կատարվել են օգտագործելով Դրուկեր-Պրագերի պլաստիկության պայմանը։ Ցույց է տրվում փոշենյութի պլաստիկ դեֆորմացման Դրուկեր-Պրագերի գլխարկաձև մոդելի կոր մասի պարզեցումը։ Դրուկեր-Պրագերի տիպային գլխարկաձև մոդելի իրական տեսքը կառուցելու համար օգտագործվել են փորձարարական տվյալների հիման վրա տարբեր ծավալային պլաստիկ դեֆորմացիաների p vol  դեպքերոււմ ստացված փոշենյութի չորսը հիմնական պարամետրերի արժեքների աղյուսակային տվյալները։ MS EXCEL ծրագրային միջավայրում կատարվել է գործընթացի համակարգչային մոդելավորում և ստացված արդյունքների հիման վրա կառուցվել են Դրուկեր-Պրագերի տիպային գլխարկաձև մոդելի գրաֆիկները։ На основе условий пластичности Мора-Кулона и Друкера-Прагера построены модели с составной шляпкообразной частью неспеченных порошковых материалов, однако большинство исследований проведено с использованием условия пластичности Друкера-Прагера․ Показано упрощение изогнутой части модели Друкера-Прагера при пластической деформации порошкового материала. Для построения реального вида типовой шляпкообразной модели Друкера-Прагера использованы табличные данные значений четырех основных параметров порошкового материала, полученные на основе экспериментальных данных при различных объемных пластических деформациях p vol  . В программной среде MS EXCEL выполнено компьютерное моделирование процесса. На основе полученных результатов построены графики типовой шляпкообразной модели Друкера-Прагера.
Tissue sampling technique for diabetic toe amputations: a survey of current UK practice
Authors: Devangi M , Juszczak MT , Sam R , Tiwari A , Murray A , Wall ML
Published: July 2023

Background: The management of diabetic foot disease remains a challenge for clinicians. Outcomes are improving with the development of integrated diabetic foot teams. Understanding tissue sampling/processing and a standardised evidence-based approach would help develop integrated pathways to improve patient care and outcomes.research priorities. This paper presents the results of this process. Aims: In collaboration with the Vascular Research and Innovation Consortium (VaRICS), this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge base of UK vascular consultant surgeons regarding sampling and processing techniques for diabetic foot disease. Methodology: An online questionnaire was designed to assess consultants' knowledge levels of surgical techniques, infection control, placement of interventions, sampling techniques and processing. This was then distributed to vascular surgery consultants via the Vascular Society of Great Britain and Ireland (VSGBI) email newsletter. Results: 109 consultants participated in this study, of which 63 (58.9%) had a sub-specialist interest in diabetic foot disease. Only 21 (19.6%) consultants had received formal training in bone sampling techniques. Eighteen (62.1%) of the respondents reported having received training at the departmental level. An average of 10–20 toe amputations were performed per month in most units. In 37% of cases, samples from clean bone were always taken after wound cleaning and debridement following toe amputations. A majority of samples from toe amputations consisted of proximal bone (64.5%), pus swabs (51.4%) and tissue/toe resections (45.8%). Most of the contamination reduction measures included saline washing and changing
Fraud Detection in E-Commerce Using Machine Learning
Authors:   ISMS Sankalp Business School, Pune, India, Ray Samrat
Published: July 2023

A rise in transactions is being caused by an increase in online customers. We observe that the prevalence of misrepresentation in online transactions is also increasing. Device learning will become more widely used to avoid misrepresentation in online commerce. The goal of this investigation is to identify the best device learning calculation using decision trees, naive Bayes, random forests, and neural networks. The realities to be utilized have not yet been modified. Engineered minority over-testing stability information is made utilizing the strategy framework. The precision of the brain not entirely settled by the disarray network appraisal is 96%, trailed by naive Bayes (95%), random forest (95%), and decision tree (92%).
Determination of Competencies Needed in Patternmaking by Clothing and Textile Students for Large-Scale Garment Production in Anambra State
Authors:   Department of Home Economics, Nwafor Orizu College of Education Nsugbe, Anambra, Nigeria, Angela Adilo Obioma
Published: July 2023

This study looked into competencies needed in patternmaking by clothing and textile students for largescale garment production in Anambra State. Based on a descriptive survey research methodology, the study was guided by three research questions and three hypotheses that were significant at the level of 0.05. To concentrate on a determined specialized number, purposive sampling was used as the sampling approach. Twenty-five Home Economics Education students constituted the sample size for the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire produced by the researcher. Two professionals independently validated the instrument. Cronbach’s alpha was employed to examine the internal consistency of the instrument, and reliability value of 0.79 was obtained. A ttest was used to evaluate the hypotheses after the responses were analyzed using the arithmetic mean and standard deviation scores. The results showed that there is no significant difference in the mean ratings of state and federal college of education students in sloper/block patternmaking, flat pattern drafting and fashion draping for largescale garment production in Anambra State. Recommendations and conclusions were drawn based on the findings.
Developments in the Literature and New Study Recommendations Within the Scope of the Assembly Line Worker Assignment and Balancing Problem (ALWABP)
Authors:   Atatürk Supreme Council for Culture, Language and History, Department of Information Technologies, Ankara, Türkiye, Yener Yelda , Can Gulin Feryal ,   Industrial Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Ba ̧skent University, Ankara, Türkiye
Published: July 2023

In this study, by defining the Assembly Line Worker Assignment and Balancing Problem (ALWABP), the point that has been reached to this day is researched on ALWABP. The studies in question are evaluated comprehensively in terms of their objective functions, established decision models, additional constraints that are being considered, the solution method that is applied, the size of the problem, the data that were used in the research, the type of assembly line that was used in the research, and the product model variety. For this purpose, a total of 41 articles, which are presented on the Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, are reviewed from the time that this problem first appeared in 2007, up to 2022. Keywords that are used while researching the mentioned databases are “Assembly Line Worker Assignment and Balancing Problem (ALWABP)”, “Assembly Line Balancing Problem (ALBP)”, and “Worker Assignment Problem (WAP)”. Based on the articles examined in the study, the developments in the literature concerning the subject of ALWABP have been discussed, and the required study themes in this area have been determined. Since the research performed is a study that has not taken any place in the literature to this day, it is considered that it can shed light on the research that might be needed in the future in the ALWABP area.
Implementation of Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Digital Era in Higher Education of Iraq
Authors: Murad Hayder , ajlan Iman kadhim
Published: July 2023

This paper explores the implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in higher education in Iraq during the digital era. It emphasizes the significance of a strong technology infrastructure, faculty training and support, curriculum design, student support, assessment strategies, and continuous improvement. By integrating PBL into the digital era, students can develop essential skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, collaboration, and digital literacy, preparing them for future careers. Successful implementation requires addressing various aspects to enhance the learning experience in the digital era.