bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of an Online Guided Inquiry-based Biology Practicum Guide Using the Geschool Application for Students Grade XI
Authors: Putri Marisa Yuni , Violita Violita
Published: March 2021

The problem faced in the world of education is the weakness of the learning process, that is, students are not encouraged to develop thinking skills. This affects their understanding and skills in the learning process. Practical activities are laboratory activities that are an integral part of learning biology. The implementation of practicum activities in   XI MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan was not optimal. This is due to the unavailability of practical guides and pandemic conditions which have resulted in practicum activities: not being able to be carried out in schools.  This research aims to develop an online guided inquiry-based biology practicum guide by using the Geschool Application. The application of guided inquiry in learning allows students to have the opportunity to broaden their knowledge and help develop conceptual understanding. This research is a developmental research using the Plomp model. The object of this research was the students Grade XI MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan. The sample was taken by using a random sampling technique. The material developed was the transport substance and food testing material. The results showed that the practicum guide developed met the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Inquiry learning is a learning strategy that emphasizes the development of the cognitive, affective, and psychomotoraspects in a balanced manner.
Western's Media Representation of Palestine
Authors: Ezzina Rym
Published: March 2021

Media is considered as an important social institution in society as it is the main source of knowledge about what is going on across the world influencing people and shaping their points of view concerning a given event. More specifically, this study is a textual analysis of the coverage of an international event, the Palestinian membership in the United Nations as seen from two western media networks of CNN, and BBC. It investigates the discourse of each network regarding the Palestinian and Israeli people, through the two analytical angles of transitivity and Critical Linguistics to demonstrate that news is socially constructed and that reality in the press is more about opinions and propositions than facts.
The Validity Of The Integrated Physics Ebook On Landslide Disaster Mitigation Materials Based On A Problem Based Learning Model
Authors: Utia Rahimatul , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: March 2021

Education aims to prepare students to have a number of competencies and abilities to face life's challenges. One form of life's challenges is the threat of natural disasters from the environment where students live, such as landslides disaster. Landslides have a bad impact on the environment and can even threaten survival. The impact of landslides can be minimized by mitigating disasters. Mitigation is an effort made to reduce and minimize the consequences of a disaster, which includes preparedness, alertness and capability. Mitigation activities can be carried out through education in schools by integrating landslide disaster mitigation materials into teaching materials for physics subjects. This study aims to determine the validity of the integrated physics ebook on landslide disaster mitigation materials based on a problem-based learning model. This research uses the research and development (R&D) method with the Plomp model which is limited to the second stage, namely the development or prototyping phase. The developed physics ebook was tested for validity by experts. The instrument used in this study was a validity questionnaire consisting of four aspects, namely the feasibility of the content, the feasibility of presentation, the feasibility of language and the feasibility of graphics. The results showed that the integrated physics ebook on landslide disaster mitigation materials based on the problem-based learning model was in the valid category so that it could be used in physics learning in schools.
Dilemma of Business Climate and The "Real Climate"
Authors: Faradiba Faradiba
Published: March 2021

The role of business in advancing the economy and welfare is highly expected in the community. In the development of a business that occurs, it often sacrifices non-profit aspects, such as the environment. The indirect impact that can arise from business development is climate change. This study uses climate data and the number of industrial enterprises by type at the village level, to determine the effect of business on the climate that occurs. This study uses ordinary least square, to determine the role of each independent variable. The results of this study indicate that an increase in 1,000 of these types of businesses will result in an increase in temperature of 1 oC. Furthermore, an increase in 1,000 types of business will reduce rainfall by 11 to 64 mm. Government and community efforts are needed to maintain climatic conditions for the sustainability of the ecosystem.
Socio-Psychological Characteristics Of A Modern School Leader And A Program Of Continuous Professional Development
Authors: Kasimov Ubaydullo Akhrorovich , Muzaffarovna Barotova Nasiba
Published: March 2021

In today’s rapidly changing and developing information and communication technologies, competition is intensifying, and the level of competence of leaders and professionals is becoming a key factor in science, technology and industry. In order to bring up a young generation with independent thinking, intellectual potential, deep knowledge and a modern outlook, able to take responsibility for the fate and future of the Motherland, it is necessary to professional development in the continuous professional development of the school leader is at the same time important and relevant
Examining The Ravaging (Covid 19) And Its Implications For Educational Institutions On A Global Perspective
Authors: Okanezi Bright , Steve Amadi Mercy
Published: March 2021

The study examined the ravaging COVID-19 pandemic and its implications for educational institutions on a global perspective. COVID-19 outbreak occurred in Wuhan City, China at the twilight of the year 2019 and spread like wild fire to other countries. Globally, over eight million people have been infected with the coronavirus, over four million people recovered and more than half a million deaths recorded due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The disease was so dreadful that various nations adopted the lockdown measure to forestall further spread. Consequently, educational institutions at all levels were shut-down along-side other sectors. Corollary to the above, it was found that the academic calendar would be affected; international students’ enrolment might reduce; schools that depend more on foreign students for funding may experience a down-turn during the period of COVID-19 outbreak; schools may not be able to be liberal with their financial aid offerings; private school owners may find it difficult to pay the salaries of their employees during the period of the ravaging COVID-19 pandemic. It was however, recommended that schools should source revenue through entrepreneurial practices; the government of each country should allocate 26% of her annual budget to education sector; tuition fee for international students should be cut down by at least 20%; World Health Organization (WHO) should sponsor more research towards getting a vaccine for COVID-19.
Gestion Des Espaces Verts Dans La Ville De Cotonou Au Sud Du Benin: Etat Des Lieux Et Perspectives
Authors: S. AGBANI Bienvenu , A. VISSOH Sylvain , Gislain KADJEGBIN Toundé Roméo , BIO BIGOU Léon Bani
Published: March 2021

Résumé :La ville de Cotonou, capitale économique du Bénin, s’est développée au détriment des espaces verts. Or ceux-ci sont essentiels pour assurer une bonne qualité de vie et l’épanouissement des citadins. La présente recherche a pour objectif de recenser les espaces verts publics de la ville de Cotonou et d’analyser leurs modes de gestion.La méthode des itinéraires a été utilisée pour retrouver les espaces verts dont la liste a été obtenue à la Mairie de Cotonou. Pour chaque espace vert public retrouvé, il a été procédé à son géo-référencement (tracking), la détermination de sa superficie ainsi qu’à son classement.Les résultats montrent que la ville de Cotonou dispose de 70 espaces verts dont 44 sont linéaires et 26 sont polygonaux (ronds-points, jardins, squares, etc.). Les espaces verts linéaires font 63,291 km de long et ceux polygonaux ont une superficie totale de 109579,61 m2. Nonobstant leur faible importance, les espaces verts de la ville de Cotonou abritent une multitude d’espèces végétales. Il  importe  donc  que  les  autorités  municipales accordent beaucoup plus d’intérêt aux espaces verts publics (jardins, parcs, squares, etc.) dans les futurs plans de développement urbain afin d’accroitre l’esthétique de la ville.   Mots clés : Ville de Cotonou,  espaces verts, croissance urbaine, développement municipal.  AbstractThe city of Cotonou, the economic capital of Benin, has developed at the expense of green spaces. However, these are essential to ensure a good quality of life and the development of city dwellers. The objective of this research is to identify the public green spaces in the city of Cotonou and to analyze their management methods.The route method was used to find the green spaces the list of which was obtained from the Cotonou Town Hall. For each public green space found, it was geo-referenced (tracking), its area determined as well as its classification.The results show that the city of Cotonou has 70 green spaces of which 44 are linear and 26 are polygonal (roundabouts, gardens, squares, etc.). The linear green spaces are 63.291 km long and the polygonal ones have a total area of 109,579.61 m2. Notwithstanding their small importance, the green spaces of the city of Cotonou are home to a multitude of plant species. It is therefore important that municipal authorities pay much more attention to public green spaces (gardens, parks, squares, etc.) in future urban development plans in order to enhance the aesthetics of the city.Keywords: City of Cotonou, green spaces, urban growth, municipal development
Représentations des Elèves et Elaboration d’une Démarche Expérimentale
Authors: Attrassi Khaled
Published: March 2021

[Representations of Students and Development of an Experimental Approach]ABSTRACTThis work presents the representations of the students and the development of an experimental approach by the teachers of Life and Earth Sciences (SVT) at the college. The results we obtained show that this teaching practice is widely used by them to solve a problem or test a hypothesis. However, the teachers summarize the experimental approach essentially to experimentation and its links with student representations, and its use as a tool to facilitate learning. We were also interested in the difficulties they oppose in this process Keywords: Scientific approach, SVT teaching, Science experimentation, Representations.
Documenting An Audit Of Financial Statements Based On International Auditing Standards
Authors: Muydinov E. , Mamazhonov A.
Published: March 2021

The article discusses International Auditing Standard No. 230, entitled "Auditor's Working Papers", which plays an important role in practical audit activities. It is noted that the audit is planned and conducted in accordance with international standards and relevant legal and regulatory requirements.The article highlights the importance of the auditor's preparation of working papers in the development of the auditor's work plan, in the course of direct audit procedures and in the process of completing the audit and documenting its results, as well as the auditor's report.
Pedagogical And Psychological Features Of The Small School Age
Authors: Alisherovna Mahmudova Nodira
Published: March 2021

Theoretical information on the pedagogical and psychological features of the primary school age. Also, recommendations for the organization of social activities of teachers based on the pedagogical and psychological characteristics of the school age.
Pemimpin Transformatif dalam Pendidikan Kristen
Authors: Marbun Purim
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to explain the essence of transformative leaders carried out by Christian leaders in the field of education both formal and informal. This research is based on the background of the problem of the minimal changes made by leaders due to competent competence. The research method used in this paper is a literature study by examining various literatures related to the topics discussed. Leadership basically explains a number of skills and abilities of leaders in carrying out leadership tasks. Specifically for Christian leaders, this task is done not with mere ability but based on gifts and talents given by God. The results of transformative leadership in education create breakthroughs, changes in values and systems and have an impact on themselves and the people they lead. and bring them to recognize the work of God in their lives and leadership. Abstract Tulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan esensi dari pemimpin transformatif yang dilakukan oleh pemimpin kristen dalam bidang pendidikan baik formal maupun informal. Penelitian ini didasakan pada latar belakang masalah minimnya perubahan-perubahan yang dilakukan pemimpin disebabkan kompetensi yang tidak mumpuni. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini ialah studi kepustkaan dengan mengkaji berbagai literatur yang berkaitan dengan topik yang dibahas. Kepemimpinan pada dasarnya menjelaskan sejumlah kecakapan dan kemampuan pemimpin dalam menjalankan tugas-tugas kepemimpinan. Secara khusus bagi pemimpin Kristen, tugas ini dilakukan bukan dengan kemampuan semata melainkan berdasarkan karunia dan talenta yang diberikan Allah. Hasil kepemimpinan transformatif dalam pendidikan terciptanya terobosan, perubahan nilai dan sistem serta berdampak bagi diri sendiri dan orang yang yang dipimpinnya. dan membawa mereka mengakui karya Allah dalam hidup dan kepemimpinan mereka.
Ibadah yang Benar menurut Amos 5:4-6 dan Relevansinya bagi Tugas dan Panggilan Gereja di Masa Kini
Authors: Utomo Bimo Setyo
Published: March 2021

The church as God's people in its presence in this world is inseparable from society, where the church, as the organizer of worship, is also called to carry out its task or prophetic role in society. This happened also in the context of the prophet Amos when served in North Israel, where the worship at that time seemed to be going well and lively, but contrary to it; their attitude to life has deteriorated considerably. So in this research, the meaning of worship according to Amos 5: 4-6 will be examined with the aim of developing it to get relevance to the duties and vocation of the church today. The method used in this research is qualitative, by applying the descriptive analysis method to the text of Amos 5: 4-6, so that the meaning of worship seeking the true God is found. The result of this research is that worship should be interpreted as a relationship between people's love for God which reflects good deeds in daily life. The church must also reflect on the meaning of worship in its duties and vocation by living out the meaning of worship in daily life, being more involved and engaging in community life, and also as a church calling to repent and become better. AbstrakGereja sebagai umat Allah dalam kehadirannya di dunia ini tidak terpisah dari masyarakat, dimana gereja selaku penyelenggara ibadah, dipanggil juga untuk mengamalkan tugas atau peran kenabiannya dalam masyarakat. Hal ini terjadi juga dalam konteks nabi Amos melayani di Israel Utara, dimana ibadah kala itu nampak berjalan baik dan semarak, tetapi bertolak belakang dengan itu; sikap hidup mereka sangat merosot. Maka pada penelitian ini akan diteliti makna ibadah yang benar menurut Amos 5:4-6 dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkannya untuk mendapatkan relevansi bagi tugas dan panggilan gereja di masa kini. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dengan menerapkan metode deskriptif analisis pada teks Amos 5:4-6, sehingga didapati makna tentang ibadah mencari Tuhan yang benar. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ibadah harus dimaknai sebagai hubungan kasih umat kepada Tuhan yang mencerminkan perbuatan baik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Gereja juga harus merefleksikan makna ibadah ini dalam tugas dan panggilannya dengan menghidupi makna ibadah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, lebih berperan dan terlibat dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan juga sebagai panggilan gereja untuk bertobat dan menjadi lebih baik lagi.
Impelementasi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen di Abad 21
Authors: Tjandra Daniel S.
Published: March 2021

The era of globalization is inevitable, willing or unwilling to be ready or not ready for everyone to face globalization. The era of globalization can be said as an era of openness, an era of technology that is close to people's lives and even inherent in everyday life. Globalization colors and influences all aspects of life without exception the realm of education experiences or is affected by the effects of the times, globalization and technological sophistication. Education makes it possible to use all the advances of the times to produce an educational goal that shapes the complete human to face his day. 21st century learning provides a prominent change in the world of education, where learning is no longer focused on the results achieved, but on the learning process itself. Forming the competencies of students who have high-level thinking skills, are creative, communicative, and collaborative. This discussion will provide an understanding of 21st century learning implemented in Christian Religious Education subjects. Christian religious learning is expected to follow the development of 21st century learning so that in conveying learning content can prepare students to welcome the 21st century. Thus the curriculum in Indonesia is developed, and the 2013 curriculum is used now as part of responding to the challenges of the 21st century.

Abstrak

Era globalisasi tidak dapat dihindari, mau atau tidak mau siap atau tidak siap setiap orang menghadapi globalisasi. Era globalisasi dapat dikatakan sebagai era keterbukaan, era teknologi yang dekat dengan kehidupan masyarakat bahkan melekat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Globalisasi mewarnai dan mempengaruhi segala aspek kehidupan tanpa terkecuali ranah pendidikan mengalami atau tekena efek dari kemajuan zaman, globalisasi dan kecanggihan teknologi. Pendidikan memungkinkan meng-gunakan segala kemajuan zaman untuk menghasilkan sebuah tujuan pendidikan yang membentuk manusia secara lengkap untuk menghadapi zamannya. Pembelajaran abad 21 memberikan sebuah perubahan yang menonjol dalam dunia pendidikan, dimana pembelajaran bukan lagi dipusatkan kepada hasil yang dicapai, namun kepada proses pembelajaran itu sendiri. Membentuk kompetensi peserta didik yang memiliki keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi, kreatif, komunikatif, dan kolaborasi. Pada pembahasan kali ini akan memberikan pemahaman tentang pembelajaran abad 21 yang diimplementasikan dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Pembelajaran Agama Kristen diharapkan mengikuti perkembangan pembelajaran abad 21 sehingga dalam menyampaikan konten pembelajaran dapat mempersiapkan peserta didik menyongsong abad 21. Dengan demikian Kurikulum di Indonesia dikembangkan, dan Kurikulum 2013 yang digunakan sekarang sebagai bagian dalam menjawab tantangan zaman abad 21.
Kreativitas Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen Meningkatkan Prestasi Siswa
Authors: Telaumbanua Arozatulo
Published: March 2021

This research is based on concerns about moral values that are not good in children in the Tunas Mekar Integrated Kindergarten. Therefore, efforts need to be made to develop a positive attitude in children in a better direction. This research uses classroom action research methods. This research was conducted in Tunas Mekar Integrated Kindergarten, with a total of 14 children. One important aspect to be developed in children as provisions in living in the social environment of society is the social-emotional aspect. Every child needs to have good social skills and the ability to process emotions to build balanced relationships in a diverse social environment in terms of religion, ethnicity and language. This intelligence is commonly known as Interpersonal intelligence. The end of this study found the following results: the first cycle was 57.14%, the second cycle was 67.62%, the third cycle was 78.57%, the fourth cycle was 61.60%, the fifth cycle was 92.85% and the sixth cycle or the last cycle obtained 95.24% results. After doing the first cycle to the sixth cycle, fourteen children experienced high interpersonal intelligence development. Thus, the play method is very appropriate to be used to develop children's interpersonal intelligence.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini berdasarkan pada keprihatinan terhadap nilai moral yang tidak baik di dalam diri anak yang ada di TK Tunas Mekar Terpadu. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan upaya untuk mengembangkan sikap positif di dalam diri anak ke arah yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan di TK A Tunas Mekar Terpadu, dengan jumlah 14 anak. Salah satu aspek yang penting untuk dikembangkan pada anak sebagai bekal dalam hidup di lingkungan sosial masyarakat adalah aspek sosial-emosional. Setiap anak perlu memiliki keterampilan sosial dan kemampuan mengolah emosi yang baik untuk membangun hubungan yang seimbang di lingkungan sosial yang beraneka ragam baik agama, suku dan bahasa. Kecerdasan ini biasa dikenal dengan kecerdasan Interpersonal. Akhir dari penelitian ini ditemkan hasil sebagai berikut: siklus pertama di peroleh hasil 57,14%, siklus kedua 67,62%, siklus ketiga 78,57%, siklus kempat 61,60%, siklus kelima 92,85% dan siklus keenam atau siklus terakhir memperoleh hasil 95,24%. Setelah melakukan siklus I sampai siklus VI, empat belas anak mengalami perkembangan kecerdasan interpersonal dengan kategori tinggi. Dengan demikian metode bermain sangat tepat digunakan untuk mengembangkan kecerdasan interpersonal anak.
METHODS AND ALGORITHMS OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ataeva Gulsina Isroilovna , Yodgorova Lola Dzhalolovna
Published: March 2021

Methods and algorithms of computer graphics are considered in the article. Implementation of transformation of graphic objects by means of operations of transfer, scaling, rotation, the types of geometric models are considered. Methods of computer graphics include methods of converting graphic objects, representing (scanning) lines in raster form, selecting a window, removing hidden lines, projecting, painting images.
ORTHOLOGICAL PECULI OGICAL PECULIARITIES OF UZBEK MO TIES OF UZBEK MOVIES’ N VIES’ NAMES
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shirinova Mekhrigiyo Shokirovna
Published: March 2021

The article considers some aspects of cinema art that differ from other forms of art, the concept of "language of cinema" and its features, literary norms, and the names of films. It is argued that the creation of a film corresponding to our time is directly related to the analysis of the language of cinema in a linguistic aspect. And also, some deviations from literary norms in the names of Uzbek films in the period of independence have been clarified. The spelling, punctuation, morphological, and stylistic deviations in the names of films are analyzed.
EDUCATIONAL REFORMS IN NIGERIA: THE KADUNA STATE TEACHERS’ COMPETENCY TEST
Authors: Aina J. K.
Published: March 2021

This paper critically looked at the crisis generated by the teachers’ competency test in the Kaduna state. Which agitates for the reform of the educational sector in Nigeria. The article strongly supported the need for such reforms nevertheless, faulted the procedural executions which encompassed the Kaduna state Teachers’ Competency Test on the basis of some fundamental issues. The main issue of lack of standard in Nigeria education system was a concern for this paper. This paper reviewed some of the problems in the education system that should have been the crux of the reform. The teacher is an important variable that influences the learnedness of a nations citizenry. There are several skills which qualify a person as a teacher. The competency of a teacher can be characterized by the ability to learn, assimilate, understand and impact an acquired skill or knowledge following predefined standards and methods.  This requires a carefully planned investigation using tactical approaches, if the competency of a teacher is to be accessed. This paper argued that for a reform in the educational sector to enhance sustainable development, there must be good governance and a populace free of corruption within and outside the education system.  The article suggested some areas where the Nigerian education requires reform such as teacher education, teachers’ condition of service and the school curricula vis-à-vis the Kaduna state teachers’ competency test.

Aina, J. K. | School of science and mathematics education, University of the Western Cape, South Africa, Bellville, Western Cape
TEACHER EDUCATION, A STRATEGY FOR IMPROVING TEACHERS OUTPUT IN NIGERIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Authors: Usman Y. D.
Published: March 2021

The quality of teachers in Nigerian education sector has been a source of concern to stakeholders in recent time given that every nation strives towards the provision of quality education for its citizens in realization that education is an essential means to consolidate the nation’s developmental progression. The importance of teachers to the socio-economic development of any nation cannot be overemphasized given that teachers are the most important factor in quality education and responsible for the transformation and execution of educational policies and curriculum in line with the expectations of the society. Even though various teacher education courses are offered by different institutions with varying degree of achievement recorded, various problems still confront the programme with far reaching consequences on education system which have invariably affected the quality of products churned out of the education system in Nigeria. This paper examines the influence and relevance of quality teacher education on teacher’s efficiency in Nigeria. Some challenges affecting teacher education like inadequate funding, poor policy implementation and lack of motivation were identified. In view of the fact that achieving quality education will be an illusion if teacher education is not in good shape, some solutions to the identified constraints like allocation of adequate funds for the education sector, review of teacher education curriculum, appointment of seasoned educationist as heads of education institutions in the country and regular training and re-training of teachers are also adduced for remediation.

Usman, Y. D. | Federal Road Safety CORPS (FRSC), Nassarawa Eggon, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
SEQUENTIAL PEROXIDE-OXIDATION AND ADSORPTION TREATMENT OF CASSAVA PROCESSING WASTEWATER: PROSPECTS AND LIMITATIONS IN AUGMENTATION OF WATER BUDGETING PRACTICES
Authors: Omotosho A. O. , Ewemoje T. A.
Published: March 2021

Cassava processing is an industry common to most West African countries as well as in other tropical countries of the world. The processing of cassava is known for its high consumption of water resources. This study therefore investigates the potential for cassava processing water conservation using combined peroxide-oxidation and adsorption recycling processing technology. A Sequential Peroxide-Oxidation and Adsorption treatment process was established by producing cassava peel carbon and activated carbon from waste cassava peels. This was used in the adsorption of pollutant parameters in oxidized cassava processing wastewater. The study further went on to estimate the volume of water that could be conserved in Nigeria through the employment of the Sequential Peroxide-Oxidation and Adsorption treatment process with the aid of a 3-scenario water-based estimation techniques. The research revealed that the estimated volume of water employed in processing cassava through fermentation process is about 1,525 l/ton while that for non-fermentation process is about 960 l/ton. However, an estimated 104,951.36, 100,195.20 and 95,639.04 million litres of water could be conserved considering each of the three cassava process combination scenarios. The study concluded that if cassava industry could make use of the combined peroxide-oxidation and adsorption recycling processing technology described as in the experimental procedure, substantial volume of water resources could be conserved and recycled for other uses such as irrigation, as well as groundwater recharge thereby improving water budget.

Omotosho, O. A. | Agricultural Engineering and Environmental Unit, Institute of Agricultural Research & Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TIN MINING POND WATER USED FOR IRRIGATION IN PLATEAU STATE, CENTRAL NIGERIA
Authors: Mafuyai G. M. , Ayuba M. S. , Zang C. U.
Published: March 2021

The present work was conducted by monitoring the water from twelve major tin mine ponds water in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria (Bokkos, Barkin – Ladi and Jos – South) used for irrigation. Their quality was assessed in terms of physico-chemical parameters for dry and rainy seasons. The physico-chemical parameters such as; Turbidity, pH, Temperature, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total alkalinity (TA), Total Hardness (TH), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Phosphate (PO43-), Sulphate (SO42-), Chloride (Cl- ), Fluoride (F-), Sodium (Na+) and Potassium (K+)  were investigated to ascertain the water quality for irrigation purposes. Water quality parameters with regards to its use for the purpose of irrigation such as FAO/WHO/FEPA standards satisfy the requirement for use in agriculture. However, turbidity which ranged from18.1 – 27.4 and 15.9 – 18.8, dissolved oxygen 20.9 – 26.3 and 20.2 – 27.4 mg/L, Total alkalinity 101 – 134 and 122 – 167mg/L, total phosphate 6.3 – 8.9 and 6.5 – 10.5 mg/L, BOD 7.4 – 23.8 and 7.2 – 29.2 mg/L, potassium 1.13 – 1.18 and 3.81 – 4.63 mg/L both in dry and rainy seasons, respectively were found to be above the irrigation water standard limits. The study therefore recommends that the mining pond water should be used with caution as some of the parameters are liable to be toxic to the irrigated crops. The positive correlation exhibited among some of the parameters examined is a clear indication of a common relationship between these sources of water.
PERSPECTIVES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ECOWAS CONVENTION ON SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Dinshak L. D.
Published: March 2021

In spite of the robust provisions of the ECOWAS convention for the control of small arms and light weapons (SALW) in West Africa, Nigeria which is a leading Member State has been experiencing daunting challenges to personal human security posed by the large-scale availability of SALW. Although Nigeria has made some efforts towards the implementation of the Convention, the status of the country in that regard has not been clear. This paper sought to examine the nature of the implementation of the Convention in Nigeria with a view to determining the lacuna in the process and addressing it. In-depth interviews were conducted with relevant stakeholders and leaders of institutions such as the ECOWAS Commission and Nigeria’s Presidential Committee on Small Arms (PRESCOM). Secondary data were also used including official documents and researches related to them. The study revealed that Nigeria has failed to domesticate and implement the Convention accordingly. It therefore recommended that the Federal Government should urgently take steps towards establishing the National Commission and put the required structure and support to ensure its effective and efficient implementation. 

Dinshak, L. D. | Centre for Conflict Management and Peace Studies, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
AN ANALYSIS OF NIGERIA’S NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION (NDC) IN THE TRANSITION TO A LOW CARBON ECONOMY
Authors: Okoh A. I. S.
Published: March 2021

This paper examines the complexity of achieving economic growth simultaneously with low carbon transition in Nigeria. Nigeria’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) seeks to carry out far-reaching cuts capable of reducing the scale of pollution recorded in the country. But the ratification of the agreement also works at cross-purposes with Vision 20:20 and the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP) since these development blueprints are heavily reliant on fossil fuels. Qualitative data was used to arrive at the study’s' findings, complemented with quantitative data based on Nigeria Energy Calculator modelling tool for analyzing energy demand and supply in the country. The paper observed that a plethora of issues were impediments to the implementation of the NDC. That, fossil fuel energy generation as palliative is incapable of addressing issues of externality. Thus, Nigeria needs a new socio-economic contract termed the Food Sufficiency Economy (FSE) to usher in a net zero carbon trajectory. FSE is a convergence of food sovereignty and sufficiency economy. It is also in line with Africa’s eco-bio-communitarianism perspective, but slanted towards Climate-Smart Agriculture as the building block for a low carbon and climate resilient future.

Okoh, A. I. S. | Department of Political Science, Benue State University Makurdi, Nigeria.
SOCIAL DISTANCING OR PHYSICAL DISTANCING? TOWARDS A REAL PARADIGM TO CONTAIN COVID-19
Authors: Nnebedum C.
Published: March 2021

In the time of Corona Virus also known as 'Covid-19', the World Health Organization (WHO) graded the situation as a "pandemic". One of the measures set out in order to contain the disease by all the countries is what they refer to as "social distancing". The term “social distancing” is misleading. What is being actually proposed relates to physical distancing, and deserves to be so described. A more accurate expression "physical distancing," best combined as ‘maintaining social closeness while keeping at a physical distance’.  In situations like that of Covid-19, social contact is necessary for the psychological-balance of the people. People would need affectionate love and attention from one another through encouragement, sharing of ideas, readiness to help, communications and new contacts. All these are not possible if people are to distance themselves socially. In this paper, we expose the aberrations and inappropriateness of
Instabilidades constitutivas
Authors: Araújo Bru Pereira de
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo busca articular algumas descrições que exploram o caráter instável das identidades de gênero através da mobilização da retórica da Grande Divisão “nós” e “eles”, apresentando como o tema aparece em algumas discussões euramericanas e acadêmicas sobre gênero e em descrições etnológicas sobre o assunto. O intuito da articulação desses contextos é fornecer um comentário sobre modos de subjetivação diferentes e contrastantes, propondo apresentar como o tema da instabilidade é modulado de diferentes formas através deles. Por fim, permanece como uma questão de fundo do artigo a própria utilidade da retórica que o organiza através das ficções de uma separação entre “nós” e “eles”.
Aculturalidade e hiperculturalidade
Authors: Branco Pereira Alexandre
Published: March 2021

Esse artigo apresenta reflexões a partir de dados etnográficos obtidos durante pesquisa de mestrado em um serviço de saúde mental para imigrantes, refugiadas e pessoas surdas na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Durante a referida pesquisa, atuei enquanto antropólogo colaborador do serviço, e esse foi um processo de invenção e contra-invenção dinâmico e incessante a respeito de qual seria a atuação de um antropólogo em um serviço de saúde mental para pessoas que foram definidas com “vulnerabilidades linguísticas e culturais”. A partir disso, apresento as lógicas dos maquinários de produção e assimilação (ou não) das diferenças por meio da separação do mundo entre aqueles que creem e aqueles que sabem, ou as pré-modernas e as modernas. Por fim, proponho o povoamento desses contextos e cenários por antropólogas, levando a sério as dimensões simbólicas nos contextos de saúde e produzindo dado e cuidado.
Rede, híbrido, não-humano
Authors: Floriano Guilherme de Matos
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma análise, a partir dos resultados de uma pesquisa etnográfica em um Centro de Referência e Assistência Social (CRAS) de Araraquara-SP, sobre os efeitos econômicos e sociais em escala maior, do trabalho na ponta, miúdo, da agência incumbida da efetivação do Programa Bolsa Família. Entende-se que esta pesquisa se viabilizou por uma abordagem latouriana do contexto de implementação do Programa: enquanto rede híbrida. O que se procurou foi seguir o rastro dos actantes e simetrizar sua perspectiva, supondo-se tomar um caminho ainda inexplorado nas pesquisas sobre o Programa, e contribuir assim para o entendimento de sua eficácia, limites e desdobramentos políticos.
Apresentação
Authors: Bruno Fabiana , Petroni Mariana da Costa A.
Published: March 2021

A antropóloga britânica Marilyn Strathern escreveu que “se no final do século XX uma pessoa buscasse propor um método de investigação por meio do qual se apreendesse acerca da complexidade da vida social, talvez desejasse inventar algo parecido com a prática etnográfica da antropologia” (2014: 345). Tempos depois, e já no século XXI, esta reflexão sobre o método permanece desafiante ao fazer antropológico. A experimentação e o desejo de invenção com as chamadas distintas “grafias” (Ingold 2011) têm sido o cerne das questões teórico-metodológicas propositivas no âmbito das pesquisas e discussões realizadas no LA’GRIMA (Laboratório Antropológico de Grafia e Imagem), vinculado ao Departamento de Antropologia-IFCH da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP).
As grafias – traços, linhas, escrita, gráficos, desenhos - como perturbação no conhecimento antropológico
Authors: Kofes Suely
Published: March 2021

Trata-se neste artigo ensaístico de sugerir o deslocamento da ênfase posta na relação entre antropologia e escrita para a de antropologia e suas grafias.
vida das Rendas de Bilros em Ilha Grande, Piauí
Authors: Almeida Ana Carolina de Campos
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo, faço a apresentação de alguns materiais e gestos que compõem o ofício de fazer rendas de bilros em uma associação de rendeiras em Ilha Grande, Piauí, Brasil. Concentro-me em descrever os desenhos feitos pelas rendeiras nos moldes de papelão e, a partir desses desenhos, trago os meus próprios para mostrar alguns movimentos do ofício de rendar. Por fim, descrevo um experimento que fiz com rendas de bilros a partir da técnica de relevo seco ou marcas d´água para tornar visíveis algumas linhas dos desenhos das rendas de bilros prontas.
Glossário verbo-visual e suas múltiplas grafias
Authors: Elias Alexsânder Nakaóka
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho tem como alicerce o acervo formado por diários fotográficos, narrativas orais e cadernos de campo escritos, composto durante diversas etapas de pesquisa junto à primeira comunidade budista do Brasil, denominada Honmon Butsuryu-shu (HBS). Aqui, tendo como material central de análise um experimento etnográfico que denominei de “glossário verbo-visual”, pretendo mostrar como diferentes grafias, – a saber, a fotografia, a escrita e o desenho –, podem constituir, dentro do texto antropológico, importantes formas de conhecimento sobre a referida comunidade, sendo capazes de elucidar, tanto de forma sensível/sensorial quanto de forma inteligível, o contexto e as relações existentes no campo no qual estava inserido. Tais grafias, longe de serem tomadas a partir da ótica de um dualismo clássico entre a escrita e a imagem, serão aqui consideradas em suas especificidades características e nas relações complementares que podem estabelecer entre si, por meio do processo da montagem.
Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from wheat straw to remove2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid from aqueous solutions
Authors: Tefera Molla , Tulu Mengistu
Published: March 2021

This study was focused to investigate the adsorptive behavior of activated carbon prepared from wheat straw treated with acid and base for the removal of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D). The morphology of the adsorbent was characterized using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Compared with acid activated wheat straw, base activated wheat straw has provided lower ash content, moisture and volatile matter. However, it has higher iodine number than acid activated wheat straw. The removal of 2,4-D from aqueous solution was investigated at various physicochemical parameters such as pH (2–10), contact time (5–60 min), temperature (20-80 oC), amount of adsorbent (0.1-1.4 g) and initial concentration of 2,4-D (1.0-25 mg/L). The removal efficiency of 2,4-D in aqueous solution was found to be 92.02%. The equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm and the Langmuir model better describes that the active adsorption sites were homogeneously distributed on the surface of the adsorbent. Therefore, the activated carbon prepared from wheat straw treated with base can be used as efficient and cost-effective method to remove 2,4-D from aqueous solution.
Synthesis and spectral characterization of selective pyridine compounds as bioactive agents
Authors: Abdel-Raheem Shaban A. A. , El-Dean Adel M. Kamal , Hassanien Reda , El-Sayed Mohamed E. A. , Sayed Mostafa , Abd-Ella Aly A.
Published: March 2021

Starting from 3-cyano-4,6-distyrylpyridin-2(1H)-thione (1), the compound N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-((3-cyano-4,6-distyrylpyridin-2-yl)thio)acetamide (2) was prepared. Compound (2) underwent cyclization upon heating in ethanolic sodium ethoxide solution to give the corresponding cyclized form 3-amino-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,6-distyrylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (3). The elemental analyses and spectroscopic data of compounds (2) and (3) are in agreement with their proposed structures. Their insecticidal activity against cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch, was studied. The results of insecticidal activity for compounds (2) and (3) against the nymphs and the adults of the tested insects exhibited that compounds (2) and (3) have a higher insecticidal activity than that of acetamiprid, a reference insecticide, after 24 h of treatment.
Facile and green synthesis of silver nanoparticle-reduced graphene oxide composite and its application as nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor for hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Bhangoji Jagdish C. , Sahoo Srikant , Satpati Ashis Kumar , Shendage Suresh S.
Published: March 2021

A simple and environment friendly protocol has been developed for the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with copper metal foil as reductant. The prepared AgNPs-rGO, nanocomposite was characterized by various analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical performance of the material has been evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The average crystallite size of AgNPs is found to be 32.34 nm. The application of prepared electrocatalyst (AgNPs-rGO) as a non-enzymatic sensor is examined through the modified electrode with the synthesized AgNPs-rGO. The sensor showed excellent performance toward H2O2 reduction with a sensitivity of 12.73 µA.cm-2.mM-1, with a linear dynamic range of 1.5 µM – 100 mM, and the detection limit of 1.90 µM (S/N = 3). Furthermore, the sensor displayed high sensitivity, reproducibility, stability and selectivity for the determination of H2O2. The results demonstrated that AgNPs-rGO has potential applications as sensing material for quantitative determination of H2O2.
Lost in Translation? Students and the Hitches of Machine Translation of Academic Texts: Lecturers’ Perspectives
Authors: Nchindia Christian Atabong , Bennett Elizabeth
Published: March 2021

Machine translation (MT) of academic texts is a trending phenomenon in the higher education context. Globalisation and internationalisation have seen a massive number of foreign students being admitted into higher education in countries where they study in the second or target language. Some of these students find it challenging to write a good academic text in the second language (i.e., English in the case of the United Kingdom). As a remedy, they resort to translating their work from the source text (ST) to the target text (TT) using MT like Google or Bing translation. Although some research has shown that these devices can be beneficial, others have found that these devices are far from being perfect and can produce texts that distort the intended meaning. In addition, research into MT in educational contexts have overlooked the views of lecturers who are the ones that read and assess students’ texts. This study aimed to contribute to the literature on MT by sampling the views of four academics from four different universities in the North West of England, United Kingdom. The findings of this research revealed that lecturers were very critical of students’ usage of MT of academic texts. Among the reasons advanced for this rejection were that students were ‘lost in translation’ using MT, and that MT did not help non-English speaking students learn the language. Consequently, students can produce texts that could negatively affect their grades when assessed. This paper has made some policy recommendations to universities regarding the problems of MT and submitted suggestions for further research in this area.
From globalism to localism: How structural economic shifts can support the local food movement
Authors: Duncan Emily
Published: March 2021

Local is Our Future was published shortly before the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic, yet it makes a timely contribution critiquing economic globalization given the experiences of 2020. It emphasizes the need for shorter supply chains and champions local food systems by focusing on the structural forces that currently control the food system.
Making Movies with Song: Movement, Style, and the Invitations of Music
Authors: Rickert Thomas
Published: March 2021

This essay responds to Alva Noë's arguments that popular musics (rock, country, etc.) organize listeners through style and personality, while other musics, such as classical and jazz, organize listeners on the music itself. Noë's arguments suggest that music is an existential phenomenon, and thus that music is ontological. There is much to like here, including the idea that musics can be existentially different. However, the work of pop musics cannot be confined solely to stylistics and personality; pop also has musical interest, which I explicate as the exploration of sound (3D)—timbre, groove, beat, tonality, texture, and so on. Classical, jazz, and other kinds of music may seek to emphasize the music itself (2D), but they are also caught up in style. Music, I conclude, is rhetorical in how it organizes or “moves” us, and we must attend to all its dimensions, musical and stylistic, in order to understand how so.