bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Performance Application Mapping in Network-on-Chip based Multicore Systems
Authors: Reza Md Farhadur
Published: February 2024

The allocation of resources and scheduling of tasks, specifically mapping, in multicoresystems on-chip (MCSoC), poses significant challenges. Tasks have diverse resourcerequirements and interact with each other, while network-on-chip (NoC)-based MCSoCconsists of heterogeneous cores and communication networks. The heterogeneity ofresources in MCSoC, along with the varying computational and communication demandsof applications, makes mapping a complex optimization problem. We have mathematicallymodeled the mapping problem in NoC-based MCSoC using mixed-integer linearprogramming (MILP) with the objective of minimizing the execution time of applications.This model incorporates computation and communication capacity, energy budget constraintsof MCSoC, and execution time requirements of applications. We further proposeheuristics, including simulated annealing (SA) and genetic algorithm (GA), consideringthe capacity and budget constraints of MCSoC systems to accelerate applications and providequick mapping solutions. Simulation results demonstrate that the performance fromSA and GA heuristics are very close (within 10%) to the optimal solutions from MILPacross various applications for 2D-mesh NoCs with 16 to 100 cores. The energy consumptionof SA and GA heuristics is also very close to the optimal solutions from MILP, witha few exceptions on small-scale 16-core NoC. Additionally, SA outperforms GA in mostcases for all applications.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio and their relationships with inflammatory and antioxidant status in dogs with different stages of heart failure
Authors: KOCATURK Meriç , SARIL Ahmet , OZ Abdullah Doğukan , RUBIO Camila Peres , CERON Jose Joaquin , YILMAZ Zeki
Published: February 2024

We aimed to evaluate the red blood cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RDW/PLT) with other complete blood cell count (CBC) indices and their correlations with serum proinflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins (APPs), and antioxidant biomarkers in dogs at different stages of heart failure (HF). A total of 29 dogs were divided into four groups according to the ACVIM Consensus Statement: stage-A (healthy/controls, n = 8), stage-B2 (n = 6), stage-C (n = 10), and stage-D (n = 5). Seventeen CBC indices were calculated and correlated with the measurements of inflammatory, APPs, and antioxidant biomarkers, as well as selected echocardiographic variables in all dogs. At stage-C, CBC indices were evaluated 14 days after the treatment. Statistically significant changes were observed only for RDW/PLT and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) between groups. NLR increased, but RDW/PLT deceased in dogs with HF, compared to controls (P < 0.05). There were no statistically differences between pre- and post-treatment CBC indices. There were significantly positive and negative correlations between the CBC indices, serum parameters and selected echocardiographic variables in dogs with HF(P < 0.05). ROC analysis showed the best sensitivity (57% and 68%) and specificity (100% and 57%) for NLR > 5.8 and RDW/PLT ≤ 0.057 for predicting the severity of HF, respectively. Results showed that NLR and RDW/PLT may have potential for monitoring severity of the disease and the effect of treatment in dogs with HF. Imbalances between indices of circulating blood cells can contribute to immunoinflammatory and antioxidant responses in pathogenesis of canine HF, which may provide us alternative targets to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in veterinary medicine.
Implement the RSSI Localization Algorithm for Monitoring in Mines by Using Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Rawat Shailendra Kumar
Published: February 2024

Due to the frequent occurrence of accidents in subterranean environments, the real-time tracking of underground workers' whereabouts holds utmost importance to ensure their safety during emergencies and rescue operations. An enhanced strategy for precise localization is imperative in this context. Therefore, a comprehensive exploration of node positioning algorithms within Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is crucial to guarantee the safety of coal mine operations. This study introduces an innovative localization technique that relies on an entropy-weighted approach to refine the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) measurements. The primary objective is to establish a more accurate distance measurement, achieved through a novel RSSI correction model known as the Entropy-weighted model. Subsequently, a genetic algorithm is employed to precisely determine the coordinates of the target node. The proposed technique is simulated using MATLAB, yielding promising results. The simulations clearly indicate that the algorithm effectively mitigates the adverse effects of environmental factors such as diffraction, multipath interference, and obstructions on the localization process. Furthermore, it significantly outperforms conventional methods in terms of accuracy, successfully meeting the stringent demands for precise personnel tracking in underground mining networks.
Achieving Maximum Strength in Oak Wood (Quercus robur, L.) Bonding: Techniques for Surface Preparation and Adhesive Application
Authors: Gržan Tomislav , Novosel Andrija , Špada Vedrana , Mihulja Goran , Živković Vjekoslav
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to investigate the influence of three surface machining methods (planing, sanding and face milling) on the performance of bonded slavonian oak (Quercus robur, L.) joints in dry and artificially aged AA state. The most suitable mechanical processing and adhesive matrix to meet the requirements of wood bonding had to be determined to create a suitable application for future studies of bonding oak wood to non-wood materials. The variously machined surfaces were tested using five adhesives: polyvinil acetate (PVAC), 1k polyurethane (PUR1), fibre-reinforced polyurethane (PUR2), 2k polyurethane (PUR3) and ER adhesive (ER) – ER resin. The surface properties of wood and bonding properties of glued wooden joints were measured. Wetting angle was tested according to EN 828, surface energy was calculated according to Wu's and OWRK methods, while the compressive shear strength test samples were prepared and tested following the ISO 6238 standard in dry and artificially aged (AA) state. Visually designation of main failure patterns and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of adhesive-line integrity and adhesive penetration were also used to evaluate the joint bonding properties. The sanded surface results in the best wettability and the highest surface energy which may be attributed to the changes in surface morphology and structure of chemical components on the wood surface. The strength of PVAc glued joints was affected only by different machining, ER and PUR1 were affected by different machining and/or by AA, whereas PUR2 and PUR3 were affected neither by different machining nor by AA. PUR types of adhesives have proven to be the most suitable for bonding moisture-resistant face-milled, planed or sanded joints.
Design and Characterization of Hydrogel Drug Delivery system of Paroxetine Hydrochloride
Authors: DEEPTHI BACHALA , KAMERE KISHORE , VIJAYKUMAR GAMPA
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: The aim of this work was to design and evaluate a microemulsion transdermal gel of Paroxetine Hydrochloride for the treatment of depression. Paroxetine is the most potent serotonin reuptake blocker antidepressant.
Methods: Phase-Titration method, D-Optimal design, Factorial design were used for the development of Paroxetine HCl microemulsions gel. Using pseudo-ternary phase diagram microemulsion area was selected and according to that ratio of % oil, % surfactant and % co- surfactant, microemulsion was optimized. Based on phase diagrams, formulations were prepared and evaluated for various parameters including compatibility test within the drug and excipient by FT-IR. The prepared microemulsion gel was subjected for various tests like size distribution study, zeta potential, DSC, % CDR, % transmittance, globule size, Cmax, Tmax, drug content, in-vitro diffusion and ex-vivo permeation studies.
Results: Microemulsion based gel of Paroxetine HCl formulations results revealed that all the physicochemical parameters were found to be desirable. The best formulation passed thermodynamic stability studies, robust to dilutions of different medium and showed drug release of approx. 65% in 8h. The optimized formulation having the combination of Flaxseed Oil (3ml), surfactant mixture consisted of Tween®80 & Propylene glycol in 1:3 ratio (17.06ml) and double distilled water (29.93ml) as an aqueous phase showed best physicochemical parameters with 60.82 % of in-vitro drug release at 8h i.e. close to predicted values obtained from d-optimal design. The optimized formulation showed no significant changes on physiochemical studies when subjected to accelerated stability studies according to ICH guidelines.
Interpretation and Conclusion: Based on the results it can be concluded that Microemulsion transdermal gel of Paroxetine Hydrochloride could be a potential candidate for the treatment of depression.
Problems of improving transactions on the blockchain
Authors: D.T. Muhamediyeva  , A.N. Khudoyberdiev
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The article discusses the main directions of growth of the develop-ment of a decentralized system based on Blockchain technology. The system will make it possible to store all information on multiple computers, which will be available anytime, anywhere, without the participation of intermediaries. By employing Blockchain technology for the establishment of a global and distrib-uted database, it is possible to ensure a completely transparent movement of electronic documents.
Identifikasi Mitigasi Struktural dan Nonstruktural pada Area Reklamasi Pantai di Kota Sorong
Authors: Ngamelubun Dewiyanti Serofina , Octavia Linda
Published: February 2024

Title: Identification of Structural and Non-Structural Mitigation in the Beach Reclamation Area in Sorong City

Coastal reclamation has often occurred in several regions in Indonesia to increase land area. This was also done by the Government of Sorong City, which stockpiled 25ha of beach area. Coastal reclamation cannot avoid disasters that will occur, from socio-economic disasters to floods and tsunamis. The impact of losses from coastal reclamation is not only on environmental damage but also on loss of material and lives. Several mitigation strategies may have been implemented to minimize the impact, but it is still considered less effective and not by the standard. This research aims to identify what mitigation has and has not been carried out by related institutions. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method to describe structural and non-structural mitigation using variables based on the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 21 of 2008 concerning the Implementation of Disaster Management. This research can serve as a basis for mitigation in coastal reclamation areas.
Ketangguhan Masyarakat Pasca Bencana Gempa Bumi
Authors: Ate Christopel Harry Orlando , Damanik Imelda Irmawati
Published: February 2024

Title: Community Resilience After Earthquake Disasters, Case Study: Ngibikan, Bantul, Yogyakarta, 2006

Community resilience in facing disasters is an essential asset for the community in its efforts to rise from the current adversity. Yogyakarta is known as one of the provinces prone to earthquake disasters. The earthquake that occurred on May 27, 2006, with a magnitude of 5.9 SR, was one of the darkest events in Yogyakarta. Ngibikan Hamlet is one of the places affected by the disaster because it is located approximately 10 km from the center of the large earthquake. This research aims to determine the level of community resilience in terms of social, economic, physical (reconstruction), contribution of government organizations, resilience index indicators, and key interpretations of community resilience in facing earthquake disasters, and as a recommendation for communities to be even more resilient in facing disasters. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods through case studies. Data collection was carried out using field surveys and interviews. The research results show that the community in Ngibikan Hamlet has adequate resilience because it can recover after a disaster using a democratic system involving all parties, starting from the community itself and the government. However, providing understanding to the community must continue to be carried out on an ongoing basis to achieve a society that is genuinely resilient to earthquake disasters that might occur again.
Diferença salarial: Um estudo de gênero nas regiões brasileiras no período de 2010 a 2017
Authors: Rodrigues Sobrinho William Brasil , De Oliveira Nilton Marques
Published: February 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a diferença salarial em razão do gênero nas regiões do Brasil, a partir dos microdados da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS), entre os anos de 2010 e 2017. Para isso, o trabalho utilizou a aplicação do teste-t de diferença de média dos rendimentos; estimação de regressões e a decomposição salarial Blinder-Oaxaca. Os resultados indicaram que independente da metodologia utilizada constatou-se que o gap salarial entre os homens e mulheres é persistente no período do estudo. Para todos os modelos, a média do salário da mulher é inferior ao do homem. As regiões brasileiras possuem efeitos específicos na renda dos trabalhadores e nas diferenças salariais.
Eficiência dos hospitais públicos, privados e acreditados do sul do Brasil
Authors: Sousa Soraya Bachmann , Hedlund Patrique , Kroenke Adriana , Hein Nelson
Published: February 2024

Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência dos hospitais públicos, privados e acreditados do Sul do Brasil, foram utilizados indicadores clínicos, técnicos e financeiros de 2018. A amostra foi composta por 81 hospitais. Para a análise foi adotada a técnica Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), utilizou-se o modelo BCC com retornos variáveis de escala. Os resultados apontam que ao analisar a relação entre a eficiência técnica e clínica e a relação entre eficiência técnica e financeira dos hospitais, 18 deles apresentaram 100% com orientação a input e a output. Ao analisar a eficiência clínica e financeira verificou-se que 24% mostraram-se eficientes quando orientados a input e output, entretanto, apenas o hospital H34 apresentou-se eficiente em todas as análises.  Conclui-se que a acreditação hospitalar contribui para um melhor desempenho, visto que, os administradores que inserirem a acreditação em seu planejamento estratégico obtiveram um resultado melhor.
Espaço quadripolar da pesquisa e os estudos experimentais
Authors: Santos Isaías Vicente , Oliveira Keila Cristina Pereira do Nascimento , Dos Santos Regina Maria , Moreira Rossana Teotonio de Farias
Published: February 2024

Este estudo tem o objetivo de refletir acerca da aplicabilidade do espaço quadripolar na pesquisa experimental. Trata-se de um ensaio teórico-reflexivo, fundamentado no referencial do espaço quadripolar da pesquisa, que promoveu uma reflexão acerca do tema proposto, com o propósito de uma aprendizagem teórico-reflexiva a partir da imersão nos contextos dos estudos experimentais para tecer uma análise crítica das vantagens de sua aplicação. O espaço quadripolar da pesquisa é um lugar de alinhamento do conhecimento em uma pesquisa. Esse espaço procede uma visão global do processo de pesquisa, considerando a sua atividade complexa e multidimensional, que requer uma atenção cuidadosa em todas as suas dimensões. A aplicação do espaço quadripolar nas pesquisas experimentais torna-se inovadora, possibilitando que o sujeito cognoscente enxergue o objeto cognoscível de maneira global, reduzindo/eliminando as possíveis fragilidades e viabilizando a execução das pesquisas experimentais. Verifica-se que a aplicação do espaço quadripolar nas pesquisas experimentais promove clareza e coerência na definição dos objetivos da pesquisa, seleção adequada de métodos e técnicas, rigor metodológico e resultados robustos e confiáveis.
Taking the Mystical Ways toward Allah: Kyai Sholeh Darat Al-Samarani’s Perspective
Authors: Marsuki Marsuki , Zainuddin M , Soleh Achmad Khudori
Published: February 2024

For a servant, taking the mystical way to get closer to Allah is necessary to achieve perfection in this world and the hereafter. This study aims to reveal the mystical ways towards Allah from the perspective of Kyai Sholeh Darat, especially as elaborated in his book Minhāj al-Atqiyā' ilā Ma’rifati Hidāyat al-Adhkiyā' ilā Ṭarīqat al-Auliyā'. This study is qualitative-based research with a descriptive approach. The data were collected from library research. The data were then analysed using the Mile and Huberman analysis. The findings of this study reveal that 1) Kyai Sholeh Darat's book uses references from the Quran, hadith, and the trusted religious texts written by the taṣawwuf scholars; 2) the mystical way or sulūk that a spiritual traveller (sālik) undergoes to get ma'rifatullāh must go through sharī'a, ṭarīqa and ḥaqīqa; and 3) the methods used by Kyai Sholeh Darat in his book are bayānī and irfānī. Contribution: This study affirms that suluk to Allah must go through three paths, namely sharī'a, ṭarīqa and ḥaqīqa. Those three paths cannot be split from one another as there have been movements in which these three aspects are considered separated. For example, to pursue ḥaqīqa, the one only needs ṭarīqa without sharī'a, etc.
Antropologiczne podstawy logoterapii Viktora E. Frankla
Authors: Michalski Karol
Published: February 2024

Człowiek w logoterapii Viktora E. Frankla charakteryzuje się trzema podstawowymi sposobami bycia: fizycznym, psychicznym, duchowym. Duchowy sposób bycia jest sferą autonomiczną, w której jesteśmy zdolni do pozyskania sensu przez przeżycie i robienie czegoś wartościowego oraz dzięki któremu możemy nabrać dystansu i odnieść się do chorobowych symptomów zaburzonej psychiki. Wypełnienie się sensem przez robienie czegoś wartościowego jest możliwe dzięki trzem zdolnościom, zakorzenionym w strukturzebycia ludzkiego: zdolności do intencjonalnego kierowania się poza siebie do świata zewnętrznego, zdolności transcendowania siebie ze względu na doświadczenie czegoś wartościowego i zdolności do dystansowania się od siebie, dzięki której w ogóle możemydoświadczyć czegoś takiego, jak to, że jesteśmy także duchowymi osobami i objawić się w swoim człowieczeństwie. W artykule ukazano antropologiczne podstawy logoterapii Frankla, akcentując aspekt ludzkiej wolności.

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Zgłoszono: 28/11/2022. Zrecenzowano: 26/04/2023. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 02/05/2023
Assessing the export competitiveness of industries from Índia and Nepal - a cross-country analysis
Authors: Venkateshamurthy Prathibha , S Jeevananda , Mehrolia Sangeeta
Published: February 2024

This study compares and analyses the export competitiveness of Nepal and India adopting a multi-dimensional framework to show export competitiveness in the industry. This research also emphasises the relative market importance of Indian and Nepalese industries to each other's marketplaces. To determine the export competitiveness of 97 industries in India and Nepal from 2010 to 2021, a multidimensional framework was used that takes into account industry specialisation, industry growth, and market size. According to the results of our study, approximately 68 per cent of Indian industries are dynamic, indicating that they are expanding, and 42 per cent of them are global, making them more specialised and export-oriented. However, the majority of Nepal's industries (72 per cent) are static, and their export growth rate is less than the average growth rate for the world. In addition, the research analyses realistic export opportunities for Indian and Nepalese industries in each other's markets based on relative market importance. Policymakers, government representatives, business executives, and industry leaders in both countries may use this study to focus their limited resources on the industries that could benefit from them the most. Although export competitiveness research is extensive and contemporary, it lacks some prospective stud areas, such as cross-country analyses of various industries.  Using a multi-dimensional framework, this study analyses and categorises 97 industries in India and Nepal as static or dynamic in global and domestic regions.
Análise do desempenho de alunos da Educação Profissional Técnica em logística antes e durante a pandemia do Covid-19
Authors: Giordano Carlos Vital , Galegale Napoleão Verardi , Lavezzo Kelly Regina Zambrano
Published: February 2024

A investigação discorre sobre os resultados obtidos pelos alunos do curso técnico de logística integrado ao ensino médio de Instituição de Ensino Técnico Profissional – IETP - durante os anos de 2019, 2020 e 2021, ingressantes no ensino presencial e que vivenciaram os dois últimos anos de sua formação na modalidade de aulas on-line síncronas devido à pandemia internacional provocada pelo vírus Covid-19. A migração da modalidade de ensino presencial para o EaD - Ensino a Distância - se realizou de forma emergencial instaurada pela instituição e efetivada tecnicamente por meio do aplicativo Teams. A análise e discussão dos resultados de aprovações diretas, aprovações com progressões parciais em um, dois ou três componentes curriculares, menções, frequências e retenções diretas no modo presencial, comparados com os anos que cursaram em modo EaD é o objetivo principal da investigação. O tipo de pesquisa adotado é o exploratório de abordagem quantitativa e se dá por meio documental pela extração e coleta de dados obtidos no banco de dados da IETP, oriundos de atas de conselhos de classe anuais realizados pelo corpo diretivo da instituição, pelos docentes e acompanhados por representantes dos discentes. Trata-se também, de pesquisa descritiva e análises de medidas de tendência central e de dispersão. Apresentam-se os resultados por meio de gráficos e tabelas para melhor visualização, tendo como considerações as análises realizadas entre os resultados obtidos pelos docentes nos anos de 2020 e 2021, comparando-os referencialmente ao ano inicial da análise (2019), no que se refere às análises estatísticas de menções, comparativo correlacionado de assiduidade e progressões parciais que os discentes enfrentaram durante o período em que a EaD vigorou. Mostram-se as considerações finais em forma de reflexões amparadas pela análise dos resultados e fatores que contribuíram para sua concretização.
Anti-cancer Potential of Phytoflavonoidal Drugs against Gynecological Cancer
Authors: Sangwan Kavita , Goyal Parveen Kumar
Published: February 2024

Background:

Flavonoids, one of the major bioactive constituents of herbal drugs, have
been scientifically reported to possess diverse therapeutic potentials such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, etc. This manuscript enlightens the anticancer
potential of traditional herbal flavonoids in gynecological cancer i.e., is one of the major life-threats
in women.

Objective:

This manuscript is aimed at an insightful compilation of scientific substantiations of herbal
flavonoids in gynecological cancer along with targeted drug delivery systems for the same.

Materials and Methods:

The contents and data represented in the article have been reviewed using
institutional libraries and online database resources (available in the public domain) such as PubMed,
Science-Direct, Web of Science, American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Google Scholar,
Hinari, SciFinder, Research Gate, etc.

Results:

Flavonoids are natural compounds and have potential against cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments have demonstrated the significant potential of flavonoids in gynecological cancer, especially cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. It was reported
from in-vitro experimentations that targeted drug delivery system improves the anticancer effect of
flavonoids.

Conclusion:

Phytoflavonoids have the potential to prevent gynecological cancer by induction of
apoptosis cell cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species generation. Further studies on the drug delivery system of flavonoids are warranted.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Dural Sinus Malformation in a Fetus: A Case
Report
Authors: Li Fangli , Gao Hui , Lin Huashan , Zhang Wei
Published: February 2024

Background::

Dural sinus malformation (DSM) is a rather rare congenital condition that can be encountered in the fetus and infants. The cause and etiology of
DSM remain unclear. Obstetric ultrasound plays a key role in screening fetal brain malformations, and MRI is frequently used as a complementary
method to confirm the diagnosis and provide more details.

Objective::

Here, we present a fetus with DSM by multiple imaging methods to help better understand the imaging characteristics of this malformation.

Case Presentation::

A 22-year-old primipara was referred to our hospital at 25 weeks of gestation following the detection of a fetal intracranial mass without any
symptoms. A prenatal ultrasound performed in our hospital at 25 + 2 gestational weeks showed a large anechoic mass with liquid dark space, while
no blood flow was detected. After the initial evaluation, this primipara received a prenatal MRI in our hospital. This examination at 25 + 5
gestational weeks delineated a fan-shaped mass in the torcular herophili, which was iso-to hyperintense on T1WI and hypointense on T2WI. At the
lower part of this lesion, a quasi-circular hyperintense on T1WI and a signal slightly hyperintense on T2WI could be seen. Meanwhile, the adjacent
brain parenchyma was compressed by the mass.

Conclusion::

We reviewed the current literature to obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms, imaging characteristics, and survival status of DSM.
Although the primipara of the present study regretfully opted for elective termination of pregnancy, the reevaluation of DSM survival deserves
more attention because of the better survival data from recent studies.
Cutinase Immobilization on a Supramolecular Cage Protein Scaffold
Authors: Pfeffer Jameson M. M. , Merza Fatima , Lopandic Maja , Honek John F.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Self-assembly of preformed nanoparticles into larger and more complex
materials, termed nanoarchitectonics, is an area of great interest as the resulting higher-order architectures
can exhibit advanced supramolecular properties important in sensor design, catalysis, and
ferromagnetic properties.

Objective:

The aim of the current investigation is to explore the application of self-assembling protein
networks to serve as molecular scaffolds for immobilization of enzyme catalysts. The use of 12
nm ferritin cage proteins to serve as components of these scaffolds would expand the application of
these types of multifunctional proteins to the fabrication of advanced biomaterials.

Method:

Humicola insolens cutinase was immobilized on a supramolecular protein scaffold using
bioconjugation to biotinylate the enzyme of interest. The protein-based scaffold consisted of a ferritin-
biotin-avidin system, and the interaction of biotin and avidin was used to suspend the enzyme
molecules onto this network. Matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry, scanning electron
microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were employed to analyze the supramolecular
cage protein scaffold at various stages of fabrication.

Results:

The activities of these scaffold-bound enzymes towards chromogenic esters and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) were analyzed and found to remain active towards both substrates following
biotinylation and immobilization.

Conclusion:

Biotinylated Humicola insolens cutinase enzymes can be immobilized on nanodimensional
protein networks composed of avidin and biotinylated horse spleen ferritin and exhibit catalytic
activity toward a small substrate, p-nitrophenylbutyrate, as well as an industrial plastic. Selfassembling
protein networks may provide new approaches for biomolecular immobilization.
Autoimmune Diseases in Animals
Authors: Al Onazi Noufa , Alanazi Mona , Aloraini Ghfren , Al Anazi Aisha
Published: February 2024

Autoimmune diseases, known as immune-mediated diseases, occur when the
immune system targets and attacks its own cells. In the field of medicine, there is a
wide range of autoimmune conditions, including insulin-dependent Type 1 Diabetes
Mellitus T1DM, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus T2DM, Rheumatoid Arthritis RA, and
Thyroiditis. These diseases can either be primary, with no clearly defined cause, or
secondary, triggered by factors such as medications, infections, or malignancies.
Animal models have proven invaluable for gaining insights into the underlying
pathologies, causes, and specific signaling pathways associated with human
autoimmune diseases. This is because these animal models share physiological
similarities with humans and have shorter lifespans, allowing researchers to observe the
entire disease progression. To replicate the complexity of autoimmune diseases in
experimental models, researchers utilize various animal species, including monkeys,
rabbits, rats, and mice. These methods can be broadly categorized into three strategies:
immunization with autoantigens, transfer of autoimmunity, and induction through
environmental factors. Numerous studies have been conducted using animal models to
investigate the immunological pathophysiology of RA and assess the effectiveness of
anti-rheumatic medications. There are several mouse models designed to mimic RAlike disease, each focusing on specific aspects of the condition. While animal models
come with limitations, such as incomplete disease manifestations and limited genetic
similarity to humans due to human genetic diversity, they remain an essential tool for
understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Among the various animal
models used in research, mice and other rodents like rats and hamsters account for over
90% of the total number of animals employed in these studies.
Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Jastaniah Ammar Y.
Published: February 2024

As the number of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) cases continues to climb
throughout the third decade of this century, researchers have yet to find a cure for the
debilitating disease, even though the condition was first diagnosed in the early 1900s.
Since then, scientists have elucidated its etiology, which shows that AD pathogenesis is
a unique, complex amalgam of genetic, aging, comorbidities, and environmental
factors for each patient. In no small part, animal models of AD have been instrumental
in revealing disease pathways correlated to cognitive dysfunction and behavioral
deficits; moreover, they have been indispensable as preclinical models for potential
drug candidates. Both small and large mammalian models of AD will be surveyed and
discussed, ranging from mice and rats to dogs, cats, sheep, pigs, and primates. Each of
the model's advantages and disadvantages will be closely examined.
Atherosclerosis in Animals
Authors: Alanazi Rakan J.
Published: February 2024

This chapter on “Animal Models of Atherosclerosis” begins with the
description of Atherosclerosis and the use of animal models. When lipids and fibrous
tissue accumulate in the arterial wall, a condition known as atherosclerosis develops,
which in turn causes the narrowing of the arteries and an increased likelihood of
developing cardiovascular problems. Atherosclerosis animal models have been
extensively utilized to investigate the disease's pathophysiology and evaluate potential
treatments. This study's goal is to provide a brief overview of the analysis of the
advantages and disadvantages of the most popular animal models of atherosclerosis,
such as mice, rabbits, pigs, nonhuman primates, and dogs. Studies in animals
mimicking atherosclerosis often use either high-fat diets or genetic manipulation to
learn about the disease. A few of the characteristics of human disease, like lipid
accumulation, vascular inflammation, and arterial remodeling, have been successfully
reproduced in these models. However, the findings of animal research must be
interpreted with caution due to species variations in atherosclerosis onset and
progression. In sum, atherosclerosis animal models remain a vital resource for
expanding our knowledge of the disease and discovering novel treatment approaches.
Animal Models of Food Allergy
Authors: Basha Talal Adnan
Published: February 2024

Food allergy can result in significant morbidity and mortality in adults and
children. Animals are used to study and explore the pathological mechanisms of foodinduced sensitization and allergic reactions, and for experimenting with new modalities
of treatment. Murine species became the preferred choice as a model of food allergy
given the large accumulated work done in this field using the murine species leading to
solid experience and development of valid experiential tools to characterize and assess
immune mechanisms and reactions to food antigens. Other animals are used with
varying success and have advantages and disadvantages such as rats, guinea pigs, dogs,
pigs, and sheep. This chapter will describe these animal models highlighting their
advantages and disadvantages and similarities to human immune systems.
Animal Models for the Study of Autism
Authors: Abdi Saba
Published: February 2024

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects social communication
and behavior. The etiology of this disorder is quite complex, involving genetic and
environmental factors interacting to produce the condition. Animal models have been
useful tools for investigating the underlying mechanisms of autism and have
contributed significantly to our understanding of the disorder. This report is intended to
review the various animal models of autism and the insights they have provided into
the pathogenesis of autism.
Experimental Models in Autoimmune Uveitis
Authors: Al-Hakam Ahmed M. , Subramanian Anandhalakshmi
Published: February 2024

Autoimmune uveitis, a complex ocular inflammatory disorder, remains a
significant challenge in ophthalmology and immunology research. This chapter delves
into the intricate world of experimental models designed to mimic autoimmune uveitis
in humans. We provide a comprehensive examination of these models, focusing on
their utility, strengths, and limitations. First, we explore well-established experimental
models, such as the classic rodent models induced by immunization with uveitogenic
antigens, including interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) and retinal
soluble antigen (S-Ag). These models have played a pivotal role in deciphering the
immunopathogenic mechanisms underlying autoimmune uveitis. We discuss the
methodologies employed to induce uveitis in these models and the histological and
clinical correlates, shedding light on the similarities and differences with human
disease. Furthermore, this chapter presents emerging experimental models, including
genetically modified animals with targeted immune system alterations, such as
knockout mice and transgenic models. These genetically engineered models allow
researchers to dissect specific immune pathways involved in uveitis pathogenesis,
offering a deeper understanding of the disease's immunological basis. In addition to
animal models, we explore in vitro and ex vivo systems, such as organotypic retinal
explants and co-culture systems, which enable the investigation of cell-cell interactions
and the role of various immune cell populations within the ocular microenvironment.
Throughout this chapter, we have discussed the critical insights gained from these
models, including the identification of key immune cells, cytokines, and signaling
pathways contributing to uveitis development. We also addressed the challenges and
translational considerations when applying findings from experimental models to
human autoimmune uveitis. Ultimately, this comprehensive analysis of experimental
models for autoimmune uveitis research aims to provide researchers and clinicians with
a valuable resource to enhance our understanding of the disease, facilitate the
development of targeted therapies, and ultimately improve patient outcomes in the field
of ocular immunology.
Analisis Stabilitas Perkuatan Lereng Sungai Jatiroto Bagian Hulu Kabupaten Lumajang dengan Menggunakan Software Geostudio
Authors: Andaru Rahman Putra  , Runi Asmaranto  , Heri Suprijanto
Published: February 2024

Peningkatan curah hujan dan debit air di area sungai Jatiroto, Kabupaten Lumajang berpotensi menyebabkan banjir dan tanggul runtuh. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk merencanakan tanggul parapet guna mengurangi dampak banjir dan kerusakan tanggul. Studi analisis debit banjir rancangan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode HSS Nakayasu. Analisis hidraulis dilakukan dengan menggunakan program HEC-RAS 5.0.7 agar mengetahui kondisi existing dan menentukan lokasi tanggul parapet. Perencanaan tanggul menggunakan Q25 tahun sebagai dasar yaitu sebesar 461,49 m3/detik. Perhitungan stabilitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan program Geostudio 2018. Hasil perencanaan didapatkan untuk tanggul A tinggi 2 m, lebar 1,4 m, kedalaman pondasi 0,25 m. Sementara di tanggul B tinggi 4 m, lebar 2,8 m, kedalaman pondasi 0,5 m. Perencanaan tanggul C tinggi 4 m, lebar 2,8 m, kedalaman pondasi 0,5 m. Dengan hasil aman terhadap segala kondisi.
Penilaian Kinerja Jaringan Irigasi Air Tanah di Daerah Oncoran SDMJ 552 Desa Purwojati Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Mojokero
Authors: Grant Walsen  , Tri Budi Prayogo  , Hari Siswoyo
Published: February 2024

Pada tahun 2012 Proyek Pengembangan Air Tanah (P2AT) Jawa Timur membangun sumur bor SDMJ 552 agar kebutuhan air irigasi di Desa Purwojati Kabupaten Mojokerto terpenuhi. Walaupun sudah dibangun sumur pompa seperti SDMJ 552, kurangnya sistem pengoperasian yang tepat menyebabkan sumur tersebut beroperasi kurang optimal, untuk menghindari mangkraknya SDMJ 552 pada studi ini akan dilakukan penilaian kinerja jaringan irigasi air tanah. Penilaian ini akan mencakup penilaian teknis dan non teknis berdasarkan parameter yang tercantum pada Permen PUPR  No.12/PRT/M/2015. Aspek teknis yang dinilai meliputi kinerja pra sarana fisik dan sarana penunjang SDMJ 552, dimana dinilai dengan metode observasi/pengamatan di lapangan, mengukur efisiensi dari saluran irigasi, kemudian menilai produktivitas tanaman dengan menilai faktor K, realisasi luas tanam, pemenuhan kebutuhan air, produktivitas padi palawija dan nilai panen. Selain itu, wawancara akan dilakukan kepada petani terkait dengan Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air (P3A) untuk penilaian dari aspek sosial. Hasil penilaian indeks kinerja pada aspek teknis SDMJ 552 didapatkan nilai 87,78% untuk prasarana fisik yang termasuk dalam kategori baik dan dibutuhkan pemeliharaan secara berkala, sedangkan didapatkan nilai  40% untuk sarana penunjang dengan kategori buruk dan dibutuhkan perbaikan atau pengadaan komponen yang belum ada. Selain itu pada aspek ekonomi didapatkan nilai sebesar 89,6% untuk produktivitas tanaman dengan kategori sangat baik dan perlu dilakukan peningkatan sistem pemberian air agar produktivitas semakin optimal. Selanjutnya dari aspek sosial didapatkan nilai 49% dengan kategori buruk dan dibutuhkan upaya peningkatan kerjasama antar petani pemakai air dalam pengelolaan jaringan irigasi air tanah SDMJ 552.
Thiol-Disulfide Balance in Fibromyalgia: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Sahingoz Bakirci Esra , Nacir Baris , Alisik Murat , Genc Hakan , Ogus Elmas , Demir Karakilic Gulseren , Buyuk Ferda , Erel Ozcan
Published: February 2024

Aim. We aimed to examine the thiol-disulfide (SS) balance, a recognized marker of oxidative stress, in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS).

Methods. The study comprised 98 female participants (61 newly diagnosed patients and 37 patients under treatment) with FMS, along with 82 apparently healthy female volunteers. In both groups, assessments were conducted using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Tender Point Count, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Native thiol (NT) and total thiol (TT) levels were measured, SS levels and SS/NT ratio were calculated.

Results. FMS patients demonstrated significantly lower NT levels, higher SS levels, and an elevated SS/NT ratio compared to the control group (p< 0.05 for all groups). In FMS patients, a statistically significant correlation was found between SS level and the SS/NT ratio, as well as the number of tender points (r=-0.24, p=0.02; r=-0.21, p=0.04), SF-36 pain subscales (r=0.22, p=0.032; r=0.21, p=0.04), and BAI scores (r=-0.22, p=0.01; r=-0.23 p=0.03). In the subgroup analysis, all health assessment scales were observed to exhibit statistically significant differences between the under-treatment group and newly-diagnosed group when compared to the control group (p< 0.05 for all groups). The FIQ, VAS, FSS, and BAI scores were found to be significantly lower in the under-treatment group as compared to the newly-diagnosed group (p< 0.05 for all groups). In the newly-diagnosed group, NT was significantly lower and the SS/NT ratio was significantly higher than those in the control group (p< 0.05). In the under-treatment group, SS levels and SS/NT ratio were significantly higher as compared to the control group (p< 0.05). In the multivariate regression analysis, which incorporated age, health assessment scales, patient subgroups, tender points, and duration of symptoms to predict the SS/NT ratio, variabes such as being in the under-treatment group, tender points, and BAI score were identified as significant predictors (p< 0.05).

Conclusions. The thiol-SS balance was observed to shift in the oxidative direction, and oxidative stress was higher in the FMS group. The absence of a significant difference between the under-treatment group and the newly-diagnosed group in terms of thiol-SS balance parameters suggests a shift to oxidative stress in patients, independent of the treatment status.
The Effect of Descriptive Norms, Injunctive Norms, and Enjoyment-based Motivation on Buying Behavior of Fashion Goods: A Case Study of MSMEs in Jambi City
Authors: Usmayanti Vivi , Fahdillah Yosi , Pangestu Mira Gustiana , Prasasti Laura , Suratno Eddy , Kartika Yulia Dwi
Published: February 2024

Fashion trends, especially for young people, are an inseparable lifestyle. Satisfaction in following trends is one of the factors that encourages young people to always follow trends. Besides that, there are limitations to social norms that become limitations in exploring fashion trends. This study examines enjoyment-based motivation, descriptive norms, and injunctive norms on the fashion buying behavior of young SMEs in Jambi province. A total of 303 participants filled out online questionnaires, and the data collection period was three months (February-April, 2023. Data analysis used the PLS-SEM test. The results of this study indicate that enjoyment-based motivation, descriptive norms and injunctive norms have a positive effect on buying behavior This research contributes to determining the personal factors of the customer and social norms in determining the purchase of fashion products, so that MSME actors can consider both social products with social norms and quality improvement to fulfill the enjoyment based motivation of customers in the long term.
Deep transfer learning CNN based for classification quality of organic vegetables
Authors:   Digital Technology Department, Faculty of Administrative Science, Kalasin University, Nuea, Thailand, Promboonruang Suksun , Boonrod Thummarat ,   Digital Technology Department, Faculty of Administrative Science, Kalasin University, Nuea, Thailand
Published: February 2024

This study introduces a system based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with deep transfer learning for classifying organic vegetables. It aims to evaluate their quality through artificial intelligence. The approach involves three key steps: collecting data, preparing data, and creating data models. Initially, the data collection phase involves gathering images of organic vegetables from packing facilities, organizing these images into training, testing, and validation datasets. In the preparation phase, image processing techniques are applied to adjust the images for training and testing, resizing each to 224 x 224 pixels. The modeling phase involves using these prepared datasets, which include 3,239 images of two types of organic vegetables, to train the model. The study tests the model's effectiveness using three CNN architectures: Inception V3, VGG16, and ResNet50. It finds that the Inception V3 model achieves the highest accuracy at 85%, VGG16 follows with 82% accuracy, and ResNet50 has the lowest accuracy at 50%. The results suggest that Inception V3 is the most effective at accurately classifying organic vegetables, while VGG16 shows some limitations in certain categories, and ResNet50 is the least effective.
An Individual Music Intervention for Adults With Intellectual Disabilities and Challenging Behavior: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Smeets Gerianne , Volkers Karin , Scherder Erik , Moonen Xavier
Published: February 2024

Background

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) are more likely to have problems with executive functioning (EF) and challenging behavior (CB), which are negatively linked to well-being. Among clinical populations, music interventions have been shown to improve various outcome measures, such as CB and EF. Until now, no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted to examine the effectiveness of an individual music intervention for adults with ID and CB.

Objective

The study aims to identify the effect and feasibility of an individual music intervention compared with care-as-usual for people with ID and CB.

Methods

In this study, a 2-group RCT with a pretest, posttest, and follow-up assessment after 8 weeks is presented. Participants of the music intervention condition will receive 16 individual music sessions within 8 to 10 weeks. The music intervention will be guided by a manual for music workers, in which every session will have a different focus (introduction, emotions, different EF, and end performance). Participants receiving care as usual will function as a control group. After the research is finished, they will be offered a budget, which they can spend on musical activities or musical instruments as they wish. Assessments will include caregiver rating scales and self-report questionnaires and tests, which will assess outcome measures of CB, well-being, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and 4 domains of EF. A process evaluation will be conducted after the completion of the study, which entails the analysis of data on multiple aspects of the intervention and the study overall.

Results

Enrollment commenced in July 2021, and data collection ended in May 2023. A total of 97 participants were recruited, with 44 participants allocated to the intervention group and 53 allocated to the control group. Data will be analyzed after this protocol has been accepted for publication.

Conclusions

Because there are currently no published RCTs of an individual music intervention for adults with ID and CB, this study will provide insight into the effectiveness and experiences of an individual music intervention for this target group.

Trial Registration

International Clinical Trials Registry Platform NL8482; http://tinyurl.com/4565s5pd

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/52497