bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A HALF OF A METAL BIPARTITE MOLD OF THE SEIMA-TURBINO PERIOD FROM THE UPPER IRTYSH REGION
Authors: Borodovsky A. P.
Published: September 2018

We describe a rare fi nd—part of a Middle Bronze Age bipartite metal chill mold from the Upper Irtysh basin, used for casting three socketed javelin heads of the Seima-Turbino type. The use of metal molds (chill molds) for bronze casting is a sophisticated technique that is rather rare even at the present time. Having originated in the Bronze Age, it was subsequently abandoned for a long time. Chill molds indicate an advanced and effi cient bronze casting. In terms of the gate system, the specimen is a hinged vertically split chill mold. In Eurasia, the technique of casting javelin heads in chill molds was practiced until the Early Iron Age. In Western Siberia, it originated no later than the Middle Bronze Age. At that time, bronze casting in molds made of metal, stone, clay, and organic materials was highly developed. Apparently, the Upper Irtysh basin, including western Altai, was the region from whence prototypical metal molds had spread and were subsequently replicated in less valuable and less technologically effi cient materials such as clay.
ZOTINO III: AN EARLY IRON AGE METALLURGICAL CENTER IN THE TRANS-URALS
Authors: Borzunov V. A.
Published: September 2018

In 1974 and 1977, an archaeological expedition from the Ural State University excavated part (441 m2 ) of a fortifi ed Early Iron Age manufacturing site on the Bagaryak River near Zotino, in the forest zone of the Trans-Urals foothills. The site, measuring 80 m by 50–66 m (total area, 3800 m2 ), is located on a 40–43 m high cliff. Its northeastern inland side is protected by a low stone and earthen wall, preserved to the height of 0.75 m, and is delimited by a shallow outer drainage ditch. The single entrance is ~2 m wide. Under the wall, there is a thin layer of buried soil with fragments of the Itkul ceramics. Inside the wall, carbonaceous sandy loam, pieces of calx, and charred remains of wooden structures were found. Our reconstruction suggests that the original 2 m wide wall consisted of two rows of logs and a built-in square tower ~3.0 m by 2.6 m. The base of the walls and tower were strengthened with rubble, and its outer face was enforced with limestone slabs. Near the wall and along the northwestern edge of the site’s inner space, remains of three adobe platforms for processing copper and iron were identifi ed, two dug-in ovens, a utility pit and, apparently, remains of an adobe melting furnace. This is the easternmost and latest (400–100 BC) seasonal fortifi ed metallurgical center of Itkul—an autochthonous culture in the forest zone of the eastern Ural Mountains. In the forest-steppe east and south of it, on the lower reaches of the Sinara and Karabolka rivers, the westernmost fortresses built by the Gorokhovo herders (500–100 BC) are situated—the likely source of the Itkul fortifi cation tradition.
MIDDLE AND LATE BRONZE AGE HOUSE-BUILDING IN THE STEPPE AND FOREST-STEPPE ALTAI
Authors: Fedoruk A. S. , Papin D. V. , Fedoruk O. A.
Published: September 2018

This article integrates information on the house-building practices of people represented by cultures such as Andronovo, Cherkaskul, Sargary-Alekseyevka, Irmen, Korchazhka, and Burla. A graphic reconstruction of dwellings is attempted, and a prototypical model of the house is described with regard to the Middle and Late Bronze Age steppe and forest steppe Altai. It is a rectangular or nearly square single or two-chamber timber-frame-pillar structure, with a corridor-type exit extending beyond the foundation pit. Diachronic and cultural variations of this prototype are listed. Andronovo dwellings were robust or light, large or medium-large, based on the frame-and-pillar design with a fl at, ridge or truncated-pyramidal roof. Late Bronze Age dwellings are represented by a light Cherkaskul house with a gable roof at Kalinovka II. The Burla dwellings are either semi-underground framepillar or robust variously sized houses with conical or truncated-pyramidal roofs. Numerous Sargary-Alekseyevka dwellings are large or medium-sized, robust semi-underground with pillar frames and truncated-pyramidal roofs. The Irmen dwellings are similar to them. The Korchazhka dwellings are few, and their design is diffi cult to reconstruct.
ARTISTIC METALWORK FOUND NEAR THE TOMSKAYA PISANITSA
Authors: Kononchuk K. V. , Marochkin A. G.
Published: September 2018

We describe rare toreutic items found in the 1970s, 1990s, and 2010s near the Tomskaya Pisanitsa rock art site—a zoomorphic fi gurine, two anthropomorphic masks, and an ornithomorphic pendant. Parallels among the ritual and funerary artifacts from Southern and Western Siberia are discussed. The fi gurine representing a horse or an onager resembles certain examples of ritual toreutic art of the Tagar and Kizhirovo cultures (500–300 BC). Anthropomorphic masks represent the Tomsk-Narym variant of late Kulaika toreutics (100 BC to 500 AD) but may be as late as the sixth century, being associated with the post-Kulaika early medieval tradition. The ornithomorphic fi gurine, dating to 500–700 AD, belongs to the early medieval trans-cultural tradition that had originated from late Kulaika art. The Tomskaya Pisanitsa site resembles Early Iron Age and early medieval sanctuaries of Western and Southern Siberia with votive hoards of artifacts including toreutic ones. Such sites are part of the Northern Asian tradition of offerings made near rock art galleries. Hypotheses are advanced about the attitudes of the late Kulaika people to rock art sites in the fi rst half of the fi rst millennium AD.
CULTURAL TIES ACROSS TAIGA AND STEPPE: MATERIAL CULTURE FROM THE MEDIEVAL LOWER ANGARA RIVER AND PROSPIKHINSKAYA SHIVERA IV
Authors: Senotrusova P. O. , Mandryka P. V.
Published: September 2018

This study examines the cultural ties of the early 2nd millennium AD inhabitants of Prospikhinskaya Shivera IV, on the Lower Angara River in Siberia. Artifacts dated to the 11th and 12th centuries, including a double-edged saber, iron hinged belt tips, and two metal belt sets with rectangular and ovate iron overlay demonstrate connections with the Yenisei Kyrgyz culture. In the 13th century, the Lower Angara taiga dwellers were particularly infl uenced by the Mongol Empire, as evidenced by belt sets with metal plaquelike hooks, plate metal bracelets, “question-mark” shaped earrings, wide, fl at arrowheads, jointed bits with circular cheek-pieces, coin-shaped amulets, and beads of glass, faience, and ceramic material. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, cultural ties between the Angara population and Western Siberia were stable and continuous, as evidenced by Western Siberian bronze ornaments— openwork palmate-design pendants; arch-shaped dangle pendants; bell-shaped openwork pendants; a fl at pendant in the shape of a bird; cylindrical, embossed beads; and tripartite arched and quatrefoil sewn decorations. Other markers of Western Siberian ties include Srostki-type openwork and wheel-shaped pendants, round decorative overlays, a belt set with heart-shaped ornamental plates, combs, bow plates, specifi c types of arrowheads, and pottery. These imports notwithstanding, the principal components of the Lower Angara medieval culture were autochthonous, originating from earlier prototypes.
BRONZE PLAQUES FROM NORTHERN KYRGYZSTAN WITH REPRESENTATIONS OF HORSEMEN
Authors: Borisenko A. Y. , Hudiakov Y. S.
Published: September 2018

We describe bronze plaques representing armed horsemen, found in the Issyk-Kul Basin and in the Chuya valley, northern Kyrgyzstan, and owned by public and private museums in Bishkek. Similar plaques from southern Siberia and Central Asia were described by many Russian, Kazakh, Kirghiz, and Mongolian historians and archaeologists. A formal classifi cation of plaques is proposed, and their chronology, cultural attribution, and function are assessed. Such items, associated with early medieval Turkicspeaking nomads of Tian Shan and Semirechye, are similar to those worn by the Yenisei Kyrgyz of the Minusinsk Basin in southern Siberia, by the Kimek of the steppe Altai and the upper Irtysh in Kazakhstan, by the Qarluq of southwestern Central Asia, and by other Turkic tribes inhabiting areas from the Ural to Mongolia.
KIMÄK AND CHÙ-MÙ-KŪN 處木昆: NOTES ON AN IDENTIFI CATION
Authors: Tishin V. V.
Published: September 2018

This study addresses the origin of a Turkic tribe Kimäk known from Muslim sources. In 800–1100 AD the Kimäk lived in Semirechye. In the article, they are associated with the Chù-mù-kūn 處木昆 tribe, which resided in the same place in 600–800 AD and was described by Chinese sources. The Kimäk genealogical legend related by the 11th century Persian writer Gardizi includes the story of the founder of the Kimäk tribe being immersed in water (the alleged reason why the Kimäk worshipped water). This story suggests that the reconstructed Chinese variant of the tribal name Chù-mù-kūn 處木昆 meant *čumuqun ~ *čomuqun *‘immersed in water’, *‘drowned (?)’. Based on the toponymy in the Chinese sources and the Old Turkic personal names relating to Altai and Semirechye, it is concluded that the words Chù-mù-kūn 處木昆 and Yemäk (Yán-mò 鹽莫) were used as early as mid-7th century, but they were parts of personal names unrelated to the Irtysh valley, where, according to Gardizi, the Kimäk tribal union originated. These facts not only document the ethnic diversity of the Kimäk tribal union, but suggest that at least the name of the dominant tribe derived from a personal name. Like Y.A. Zuyev, I am skeptical toward identifying the names Kimäk and Yemäk.
TRADITIONAL BURYAT BURIALS: CHANGES AND STEREOTYPES
Authors: Zhambalova S. G.
Published: September 2018

Buryat burials are described with regard to the age and social status of the deceased. Changes and conservative features are evaluated, and cultural stereotypes are discussed. Certain novel traits are due to a recombination of traditional elements; others are caused by external stimuli. Environmental adaptations and the role of cultural factors are assessed. There are two traditional types of low-ranking burials: above-ground under cover with accompanying goods; and cremation. Both were practiced throughout the Buryat ethnic area. Its inclusion in the Russian Empire and the spread of Buddhism resulted in the emergence in the Baikal region of two major religious groups––shamanists in the cis-Baikal area and Buddhists living east of Lake Baikal. Changes affected burial practices as well. Under the impact of the Russian tradition, inhumation burials in coffi ns emerged. Under Buddhism, only members of clergy but not lay persons were cremated. Cremation became the principal rite west of Lake Baikal, while having disappeared east of it. Two types of the above-ground burials became common––shamanist and Buddhist. From that time on, ground burials can be divided into two subtypes–– shamanist and Buddhist, the latter being predominant in the Trans-Baikal region. Burials of children fall in several categories–– suspended, cremation, both types of above-ground, and inhumation. Burials and commemoration practices relating to shamans and the Buddhist clergy are described. One evolutionary line demonstrates changes in burial practices concerning ordinary people and contributing to the integration of the traditional culture into the outside world, another line highlights the sacral stereotypes, preserving the core of the traditional culture. Both opposing lines maintain the integrity of the Buryat ethnic tradition in both space and time.
SUBSTITUTE OFFERING: AN OB UGRIAN RITUAL TRADITION SURVIVING IN THE 20TH AND EARLY 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Baulo A. V.
Published: September 2018

The substitute offering is a little known ritual practice described by Artturi Kannisto among the northern Khanty and Mansi in the early 1900s, and by the Novosibirsk ethnographers in 1985–2017. Substitution was practiced in case of the offeror’s illness, absence of a requisite domestic animal or unsuccessful hunt. In such cases, instead of actual animals, their effi gies were offered to the patron spirits—fi gurines of horses, reindeer, cows, sheep, and cocks cut from birch-bark or cast of lead; alternatively, purchased toys were offered. A substitute could be a pencil drawing or an embroidered fi gure of a horse on cloth. The specifi c substitute was normally prescribed by a shaman; it had to be made only by someone unrelated to and older than the supposed offeror. The effi gy and the prayer to the deity, accompanying the offering, are described. Animal effi gies were kept in sacral trunks, attached to the clothes of patron spirits, tied into the corners of head cloths and ribbons of covers to be offered. The combined version of the substitute offering includes hitherto unknown representations of a head cloth, a coat or robe, cut from birch-bark.
SEVENTEENTH CENTURY SIBERIA AS A LAND OF OPPORTUNITY: SOCIAL MOBILITY AMONG THE RUSSIAN PIONEERS
Authors: Lyutsidarskaya A. A. , Berezikov N. A.
Published: September 2018

On the basis of individual biographies, we explore the social mobility patterns among the Russian colonists of Siberia (members of Russia’s service class) in the 1600, with reference to theories relating to sociology of labor and social stratifi cation. We show how peasants, hunters, fi shers, and déclassés were co-opted into the service class and how their social status changed at all levels— horizontal, vertical, geographic, individual, group, inter-generational, and within-generational. Occupation, skills, and income were important factors affecting social mobility. For nearly all categories of migrants, the most common tendency was migration of entire families, though younger single migrants were more likely to move over longer distances. In Siberia, where social regulation norms copied those of the metropolis, upward social mobility occurred nearly exclusively within institutions. Social service provided maximal opportunity for the individual’s promotion and for the current and future status of his relatives. This was an effi cient mechanism securing high mobility in the Siberian society. By the early 1700s, mobility level decreased, downward mobility increased, and social system became more sustainable.
DECIDUOUS HUMAN TEETH FROM THE UPPER PALEOLITHIC SITE OF YUDINOVO, WESTERN RUSSIA
Authors: Zubova A. V. , Moiseyev V. G. , Khlopachev G. A. , Kulkov A. M.
Published: September 2018

Population affinities of the Timonovka-Yudinovo Upper Paleolithic people are reconstructed on the basis of three isolated deciduous teeth––a lower lateral incisor, lower and upper second molars, likely representing three individuals––from Yudinovo in the middle Desna basin (15–12 ka BP), found in 1987–1996. Based on measurements and descriptive traits and computed microtomography, the teeth were compared with those from other Upper Paleolithic sites in northern Eurasia. The principal component analyses of metric and nonmetric traits revealed similar patterns. To minimize random variation, results of both analyses were integrated. Results indicate affi nity with Pavlov people in Central Europe. The diagnostic trait combination includes weak expression of the Carabelli cusp on the upper second molar, accessory sixth cusp on the lower second molar, large bucco-lingual diameter of both molars, and moderate mesio-distal diameter of the lower second molar. These results support the view that the Timonovka-Yudinovo tradition is related to eastern Gravette.
REALISM OF FACE DEPICTION IN PORTRAITURE
Authors: Vergeles M. O.
Published: September 2018

This study presents the analysis of realism of portraiture in the context of physical anthropology. Standard descriptive traits such as the development of the upper eyelid fold, nasal profi le, etc., were scored on 120 portraits. To examine the accuracy of artistic rendition, these traits were assessed on 30 pairs of portraits of the same persons painted by different artists, and on 30 pairs of portraits versus photographs of the same persons. For each trait, the mean difference of scores was calculated. The mean differences are within the scoring error, indicating the artists’ high accuracy in rendering facial features. Next, four composite portraits were generated, two relating to 15th–16th century French aristocrats, and two to the 15th–17th century Dutch population, mainly that of Amsterdam. Composite portraits for every geographic region are virtually identical, suggesting that they represent a specifi c population rather than just a total of\individual data. Also, even though painters might be somewhat imprecise in depicting individual faces, these inaccuracies are leveled off in composite representations. In sum, portraiture is a very informative source of anthropometric information.
Intersub-band Second Order Nonlinear Transitions in Asymmetric Double Delta-Doped GaAs Structures
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Emine
Published: September 2018

In this study, second order harmonic generation (SHG) coefficient in asymmetric double delta doped wells (ADQW) were investigated for a uniform doping distribution model. The electronic properties of GaAs structure with ADQW, such as the potential profile, sub-band energy levels, wave functions and charge densities are calculated by self-consistent the Schrödinger and Poisson equations. According to the parameters used in this study, I have seen that for the doping concentration, SHG peak size in ADQW structure with the intersubband relaxation time  gives the same peak magnitude value with   for the doping concentration 5. Also, for the thickness of the donor distribution  the peak size value of SHG with  has approximately the same behavior with   for the donor distribution thickness . The dependence on the structural parameters of the nonlinear transitions in the second order between the sub-bands is more important for the potential variations of the photodetectors and optical modulators. These structures will have an important place in the future research of quantum photo-electronic devices.
Prognostic value of basal neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer
Authors: SEDEF Ali Murat , ÇALIKUŞU Züleyha , BAHÇECİ Aykut , GÖKÇAY Serkan , BESEN Ali Ayberk , SÜMBÜL Ahmet Taner
Published: September 2018

Purpose: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocytopenia are markers of poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. The aim of this trial is evaluate the prognostic significance of basal NLR, PLR and lymphocytopenia in patients with extensive stage (ES) small cell lung cancer(SCLC).Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a hospital-based retrospective observational case-series study. A total of 117 patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer have been treated at four different oncology centers in Turkey between 2011 and 2017. Laboratory results and demographic data were collected.Results: The median follow-up time was 12 months and 95 (81%) patients died. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated, respectively, as 8 and 13 months. 65 (55.6 %) patients had complete response at the end of first line platin-etoposide combination treatment. The cut-off value for NLR and PLR were determined for whole group and patients were dichotomized into high (≥3.28) and low (<3.28) NLR groups and high (≥139.8) and low (<139.8) PLR groups..  Median OS was lower in patients who had high neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (14 versus 12 months respectively). Conclusion: This study showed that basal NLR may have prognostic biological value in patients with ES SCLC treated with cisplatin + etoposide.
Editorial statement: The first year of the European Journal of Government and Economics
Authors: Varela Diego , Benedetto Giacomo , Sanchez-Santos Jose Manuel
Published: September 2018

In this editorial statement we present a balance of the first year of life of the European Journal of Government and Economics. We discuss the main developments that concern the journal’s indexation by academic databases. We also comment on the approval of a code of publication ethics and malpractice. Finally, we emphasise the dangers of excessive technical sophistication and the need to keep an integrated approach between the fields of political science and economics, according to the spirit of the journal.
Can exit prizes induce lame ducks to shirk less? Experimental evidence
Authors: Helland Leif , Hovi Jon , Monkerud Lars
Published: September 2018

Elected representatives serving their final period face only weak incentives to provide costly effort. However, overlapping generations (OLG) models suggest that exit prizes sustained by trigger strategies can induce representatives in their final period to provide such effort. We evaluate this hypothesis using a simple OLG public good experiment, the central treatment being whether exit prizes are permitted. We find that a significantly higher number of subjects in their final period contribute when exit prizes are permitted. However, this result does not originate from use of trigger strategies. More likely explanations include gift-exchange and focal-point effects.
A Sharpe-ratio-based measure for currencies
Authors: Prado-Dominguez Javier , Fernández-Herráiz Carlos
Published: September 2018

The Sharpe Ratio offers an excellent summary of the excess return required per unit of risk invested. This work presents an adaptation of the ex-ante Sharpe Ratio for currencies where we consider a random walk approach for the currency behavior and implied volatility as a proxy for market expectations of future realized volatility. The outcome of the proposed measure seems to gauge some information on the expected required return attached to the “peso problem”.
Contemporary decision-making of mid-size city in the Czech Republic using Multiple Criteria Decision-making
Authors: Haile Meaza Birhane , Mastalka Martin
Published: September 2018

The strategic planning process has been implemented into the local governance environment in the Czech Republic during last two decades. But the strategic goals that are expressed in the strategic development documents on the local level are only the part of the issues that are to be fulfilled or solved by the local government. In the everyday practical governance there is always a list of projects that appear from the actual technological, technical, public or political demand. The contemporary decision-making process is based on the personal or collective political decision or on the actual technical demand. But there are also municipalities that are already implementing strategic planning and want to avoid unsystematic interventions and decision-making processes. They try to adopt some attitudes from the corporate sphere to make the decision-making process more open and clear. This paper deals with the methodology of the mid-size city and tries to discuss it and offer some improvements. The paper’s other goals are to offer comparison of typical projects that could be found on the local level and to make a model of results provided by the different methodologies used for the decision-making process, specifically weighted sum average and analytic hierarchy process.
Do Government Revenues Matter for Economic Growth? Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Raifu Isiaka Akande , Raheem Abiodun Najeem
Published: September 2018

The bursting of crude oil prices in the international market since mid-2014 has resulted in dwindling oil revenue, which has led to economic recession in Nigeria. The recession has further exacerbated existing socioeconomic problems bedeviling the country. In the light of this, we examined the effect of government revenues (oil and non-oil revenues) on economic growth, both in the short-run and the long-run using autoregressive distributed lag method. Our findings show that government revenues are indispensable to economic growth in Nigeria. In addition, we found that economic growth is more responsive to oil revenue than non-oil revenue. Based on our findings, we advocate for effective and efficient use of government revenues. Furthermore, since oil revenue fluctuates more than non-oil revenue, we further advocate for creation of an enabling business environment geared towards improving the contribution of the non-oil sector to the government revenue base.
Safranbolu -Tokatlı Kanyonu’nun Floristik Kompozisyonu, Hayat Formu ve Korotip Özellikleri
Authors: TÜRKİŞ Sevda , ELMAS Emire
Published: September 2018

Bu
çalışmada Kuzey Batı Anadolu’da yer alan Tokatlı Kanyonuna ait floristik
kompozisyonun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bitki örnekleri  2014-2016 yılları vejetasyon dönemi boyunca
farklı mevsimlerde çalışma alanına yapılan arazi çalışmalarında toplanmıştır.
Teşhisleri gerçekleştirilen bitki örneklerinin familya, hayat formu ve
filoristik bölgeleri belirlenmiştir. Toplamda tespit edilen taksonların  %10’u (10) Asteraceae, %7’si (7) Labiatae,
%7’si (7) Poaceae, %6’sı (6) Ranunculaceae, %6’sı (6) Rosaceae ve %65’i (66)
ise diğer familyalardan oluşmaktadır. Tespit edilen 102 taksonun 79’u tür, 28’i
alttür ve 5’i varyete kategorisinde tespit edilmiştir.   Hayat formu dağılışına göre %58 (59) ile en
yüksek oran Hemikriptofit forma aittir. Kanyonda tespit edilen taksonlardan en
fazla oran %50 (51) ile Floristik bölgesi belli olmayan   %31’i (32) Avrupa- Sibirya, %11’ i (11) Akdeniz ve %8’ i (8) Iran-Turan bölgesine aittir.
Bu çalışma, Tokatlı Kanyonu’nun ilk floristik çalışmasıdır ve kanyonun bitki
çeşitliliği açısından önemini arz etmektedir. Araştırma alanında 8 endemik
takson toplanmış olup, total floranın % 7.8’ini oluşturmaktadır. Tokatlı
Kanyonu 50 familya, 94 cins ve 102 taksondan oluşmaktadır.
Osmaniye Koşullarına Uygun Yeni Yerfıstığı Çeşitleri İle Bunların Önemli Tarımsal ve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: AŞIK Ferrin Ferda , YILDIZ Reşat , ARIOĞLU H. Halis
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışmada; Osmaniye İlinde yaygın olarak yetiştirilen NC-7 çeşidine alternatif olabilecek 13 adet farklı yerfıstığı çeşidinin (HALİSBEY, ARIOĞLU-2003, SULTAN, FLOWER-22, OSMANİYE-2005, BRANTLEY, WİLSON, BATEM-5025, BATEM-CİHANGİR, GEORGİA GREEN, FLORİSPAN ve NC V-11) önemli tarımsal ve kalite özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma, Yağlı Tohumlar Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü’ne ait deneme alanlarında, ana ürün koşullarında iki yıl süreyle (2015 ile 2016) yürütülmüştür. Deneme tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada, bitki başına meyve sayısı, bitki başına meyve ağırlığı, dekara meyve verimi, 100 meyve ağırlığı, 100 tohum ağırlığı, iç oranı, birinci sınıf meyve sayısı oranı, yağ oranı, protein oranı ve yağ asitleri gibi önemli tarımsal ve kalite özellikleri incelenmiştir.Denemeye alınan çeşitlerin bitki başına meyve sayısı 15.53-43.31 adet, 100 tohum ağırlığı 53.27-132.68 g, iç oranı %62.40-76.57 ve dekara meyve verimi değerleri ise 234.46-655.41 kg/da arasında değişim göstermiştir. Meyve kalitesi ve dekara verimleri bakımından ilk sıralarda yer alan HALİSBEY, OSMANİYE-2005, SULTAN, NC V-11, BATEM-5025, BRANTLEY çeşitlerinin NC-7’ye alternatif olarak, Osmaniye Bölgesinde ana ürün olarak başarıyla yetiştirilebilecekleri saptanmıştır. Ana ürün koşullarında, BRANTLEY çeşidinde, oleik asit oranı (%80.94) çok yüksek bulunmuştur.
H2O2’nin Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotiplerinde Bazı Fide Dönemi Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: BALKAN Alpay , DEMİRBAŞ Sefer , GÖK Şahsine
Published: September 2018

Bu
araştırmada, dışarıdan hidrojen peroksit (H2O2)
uygulanarak oluşturulmuş oksidatif stresin ekmeklik buğdayda fide gelişme
dönemlerindeki bazı morfo-fizyolojik özelliklere etkisinin belirlenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, 5 ekmeklik buğday çeşidi (Flamura-85, Selimiye,
Esperia, Tosunbey ve Sultan-95) ve 3 ileri ekmeklik buğday hattı (TDE-45-1,
TDE-84-5, TDE-111-9) materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Deneme, genotipler ana
parselleri, farklı yoğunluktaki (0, 50, 100 mM) H2O2
solüsyonları alt parselleri oluşturacak şekilde tesadüf parsellerinde bölünmüş
parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kontrollü bitki yetiştirme
odasında saksılarda yürütülmüştür. H2O2 uygulama gününü
izleyen üçüncü günde bitkilerde kök uzunluğu (cm), sap uzunluğu (cm), klorofil
içeriği (SPAD), yaprak su kayıp oranı (%), stoma sayısı (adet), stoma eni ve
boyu (µ) incelenmiştir. H2O2 uygulamasıyla oluşturulan
oksidatif stres ile kök uzunluğu % 8.60-17.18 oranında, sap uzunluğu %
5.85-11.36 oranında, klorofil içeriği % 6.50-14.98 oranında, stoma eni %
12.00-13.77 oranında ve stoma boyu % 9.78-20.66 oranında önemli bir şekilde
azalmıştır. Bununla birlikte, stoma sayısı ve yaprak su kayıp oranı ise
sırasıyla % 16.83-21.60 ve % 27.95-46.50 oranında artmıştır. İncelenen
özellikler bakımından, Flamura-85 ekmeklik buğday çeşidi ile TDE-45-1 ve
TDE-111-9 ileri ekmeklik buğday hatlarının diğer genotiplere göre oksidatif
strese yanıtlarının daha iyi olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) Analysis in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Populations Spreading in Different Geographies of the World
Authors: İLHAN Doğan
Published: September 2018

Cultivated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was derived from Medicago sativa species complex as a result of breeding efforts.  New efforts have focused on to determine the DNA polymorphisms based on molecular markers and to link these polymorphisms with related phenotype recently. Especially, the relationships between genotypes and phenotypes are evaluated as Linkage Analysis and Association Mapping Studies. On the basis of information, in this study, Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) analysis was also performed using 31 SSR markers for the 70 populations. For the LD analysis, 23 of the 31 markers identified the physical distances on the 8 chromosomes of the alfalfa. Distances of 103 loci on 8 chromosomes were determined based on Medicago truncatula genome. A significant (p<0,0001) LD value was not observed in these populations for the evaluated markers.
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Avşar Yerleşkesi Tohumlu Bitkilerinin Çeşitliliği ve Sistematiği
Authors: UZUN Alper , PALABAŞ UZUN Seyran , KORKMAZ Sibel Yağmur
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışma Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Avşar yerleşkesi
tohumlu
bitki çeşitliliğini belirlemek ve sistematiğinin oluşturulması amacıyla
yapılmıştır. Araştırma alanı Kahramanmaraş ili sınırları içinde ve Davis’in
karelaj (Grid) sistemine göre C6 karesinde yer almaktadır. Bu araştırmada,
Nisan 2016 – Haziran 2017 tarihleri arasında yapılan arazi çalışmalarında
toplanan bitki örnekleri değerlendirilmiş ve 65 familya, 194 cinse ait 279
tohumlu bitki taksonu tespit edilmiştir. Bu taksonlardan 2 adeti (% 0.71) (Papaver clavatum, Trigonella kotschyi) Türkiye
için endemiktir. Ayrıca Türkiye için endemik olup yalnızca Muğla ve çevresinden
bilinen Liquidambar orientalis var. orientalis taksonu yerleşke
içerisinde ex-situ olarak
bulunmaktadır. Fitocoğrafik bölgesi belirlenebilen taksonların 21’i (% 7.5)
İran – Turan bölgesine, 10’u (% 3.5) Avrupa – Sibirya bölgesine, 54’ü (% 19.3)
Akdeniz bölgesine dâhildir. Çok bölgeli veya bölgesi bilinmeyen 194 takson ise
% 69.5 oranına sahiptir. En çok taksona sahip familyalar, Fabaceae 54 takson (% 19.4), Asteraceae
29 takson (% 10.4), Poaceae 21 takson
(% 7.5), Rosaceae 11 takson (% 3.9), Apiaceae ve Brassicaceae ise 10’ar taksona (% 3.6) sahiptir.
Tıbbi Bitki Lysimachia nummularia L.'nın Boğum Eksplantlarından In Vitro Mikroçoğaltımı
Authors: DOĞAN Muhammet
Published: September 2018

Lysimachia nummularia L. Avrupa ve Asya'da çeşitli hastalıkların
tedavisinde geleneksel olarak kullanılan önemli bir bitkidir. İçerdiği değerli
biyoaktif bileşiklerden dolayı farmasötik alanda oldukça önemli bir yere
sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, L. nummularia'nın doku kültürü
teknikleri ile üretimi araştırılmıştır. L.
nummularia'nın boğum eksplantları farklı konsantrasyonlarda 6-Benzilaminopurin
(BAP)'i tek olarak veya İndol-3-Bütirik Asit (IBA) ile kombinasyonunu içeren
Murashige ve Skoog (MS) besin ortamında kültüre alınmıştır. Genel olarak her
iki hormon denemelerinde yüksek sürgün rejenerasyon yüzdeleri elde edilmiştir.
Maksimum eksplant başına sürgün sayısı (12.27 adet) 1.6 mg L-1
BAP içeren
MS besin ortamında, ardından 0.8 mg L-1 BAP + 0.1 mg L-1
IBA içeren MS besin ortamında (11 adet) elde edilmiştir. En düşük sürgün sayısı
her iki hormon uygulamasında da 0.05 mg L-1 BAP içeren MS besi
ortamında tespit edilmiştir. Kültür ortamında BAP konsantrasyonunun artması ile
sürgün sayısı artış göstermiştir. En uzun sürgünler 0.1 mg L-1 BAP
eklenmiş MS ortamında (4.6 cm) ve 0.1 mg L-1 BAP + 0.1 mg L-1
IBA eklenmiş MS ortamında (4.52 cm) kaydedilmiştir. En kısa sürgün uzunlukları
1.6 mg L-1 BAP eklenmiş MS ortamında tespit edilmiştir. Kültür
ortamlarındaki rejenere sürgünler yoğun kök oluşturdukları için ayrıca
köklendirme çalışması yapılmamıştır. Köklü bitkiler başarılı şekilde akvaryum
ortamına alıştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak L. nummularia'nın doku kültürü
teknikleri ile üretimi için en iyi hormon 1.6 mg L-1 BAP olarak
tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, L.
nummularia'nın doku kültürü ile çoklu üretimine imkan sağlayarak, bu
bitkiden değerli bitkisel metabolitlerin yüksek miktarlarda elde edilmesine
yardımcı olabilir. Böylece gıda ve farmasötik sektörlere katkı sunulabilir.
Kentsel Arıtma Çamur Uygulamalarının Etkisi : I. Mısır Bitkisi ve Topraktaki Bazı Besin Maddesi (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) İçerikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ÇAKIR Hüda Nur , ÇİMRİN Kerim Mesut
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, artan arıtma çamuru (% 0, % 2.5, % 5, % 7.5, % 10) uygulamaları sonrası deneme toprağı ve mısır bitkisinin kök ve kök üstü aksam bazı bitki besin maddesi içerikleri ile mısır bitkisinin verimi üzerine etkilerini incelemektir. Artan dozda uygulanan arıtma çamurunun etkisiyle deneme toprağının N, P, K ve Ca içeriklerinde istatistiki açıdan önemli, Mg içeriklerinde ise önemsiz artışlar meydana gelmiştir. Uygulamalar mısır bitkisinin toplam yaş ve kuru verimini tanığa göre tüm uygulamalarda istatistiki açıdan önemli olarak arttırmıştır. Arıtma çamuru uygulamaları mısır bitkisi kök N, P, K, Ca ve Mg içerikleri üzerine etkileri istatistiki olarak çok önemli bulunmuştur. Diğer yandan, artan dozda uygulanan arıtma çamuru mısır bitkisinin kök üstü N, P, K, Ca ve Mg içeriklerine istatistiki olarak önemli etkide bulunmuş olup, kök üstü N, P, Ca ve Mg içeriklerinde tanığa göre önemli artışlar meydana getirmiş ve bu artışlar kök üstü N ve P içeriklerinde doğrusal olmuştur. Sonuç olarak, Hatay ili İskenderun ilçesi evsel biyolojik arıtma tesisinden taze alınan arıtma çamuru ile yapılan çalışmada, her ne kadar arıtma çamuru uygulamaları ile genelde bitki besin elementleri açısından olumlu etkilerde bulunmuş olsa bile, artan arıtma çamuru uygulamaları ile bitki yaş veriminin arıtma çamurunun % 7.5’ luk (AÇ7.5) uygulamasında, bitki kuru veriminin ise arıtma çamurunun % 5’ lik (AÇ5) uygulamasında azalmaya başlaması bu çamurun kontrolsüz bir şekilde ard arda uygulanmaları durumunda zamanla toprakta ve bitkilerde proplemlere sebep olabileceğini göstermektedir.
Kentsel Arıtma Çamuru Uygulamalarının Etkisi; II. Mısır Bitkisi ve Toprağın Mikro Besin Element ve Ağır Metal İçerikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ÇAKIR Hüda Nur , ÇİMRİN Kerim Mesut
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, artan arıtma çamuru (% 0, % 2.5, % 5, % 7.5, % 10) uygulamaları sonrası deneme toprağı ve mısır bitkisinin bazı besin elementi ve ağır metal içeriklerinde meydana gelen değişimleri incelemektir.Artan dozda uygulanan arıtma çamurunun etkisiyle deneme toprağının Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cd ve Co içeriklerinde istatistiki açıdan önemli artışlar meydana gelmiştir. Artan arıtma çamuru dozlarıyla mısır bitkisinin kök Zn, Cu, Mn ve Co içeriklerindeki değişimler önemli olmakla birlikte, mısır bitkisinin kök Cu içeriğinde tanığa göre doğrusal azalmalar, mısır bitkisinin kök Zn, Mn içeriklerinde tanığa göre artışlar belirlenmiştir. Artan dozda uygulanan arıtma çamuru mısır bitkisinin kök üstü Fe, Zn, Mn ve Pb içeriklerine istatistiki olarak önemli etkide bulunmuştur. Uygulamalar ile mısır bitkisinin sürgünündeki Fe, Zn, Mn ve Pb içeriklerinde tanığa göre önemli artışlar meydana gelmiş ve sürgündeki bu artışlar Zn ve Mn içeriklerinde doğrusal olmuştur.Sonuç olarak, Hatay ili İskenderun ilçesi Biyolojik arıtma tesisinden taze alınan arıtma çamurunun farklı oranlarda toprağa uygulaması ile her ne kadar bazı bitki ve toprak özelliklerine olumlu etkilerinin bulunması ve herhangi bir ağır metal toksitesine rastlanmamasına rağmen arıtma çamuru uygulamasıyla dozlara bağımlı olarak topraktaki ağır metal içeriklerinin artması kontrolsüz bir şekilde ard arda uygulanmaları durumunda zamanla toprakta ağır metal birikimi ve toksisitesine sebep olabileceğini göstermektedir.
Influence of light on serum cholesterol levels in complete (by birth) blind people
Authors: Rani J. Sudha , Raju D. S. S. K.
Published: September 2018

Background: With blindness normal stimulation of the hypothalamic pituitary axis is reduced. The serum cholesterol is frequently increased the upper limit of normal it is unclear whether the effect is due to complete absence of light, HPA axis function reduction or diurnal variation of melatonin levels.Methods: A self-administered questionnaire ascertained lifestyle characteristics, including alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus and dietary habits. Inclusion criteria: 50 complete blindness persons (by birth), healthy adults, Age group between 30-50 years. Exclusion area: age <30, Age >50, alcoholic, liver diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases.Results: A total No of 100 cases were studied by dividing them into two groups controls 50 and cases 50. The results so obtain were compared with 50 healthy controls (excluded consumed alcoholic, liver diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases.). Statistical evaluation was carried out to confirm any deviation from the normal values. The mean serum cholesterol of Cases (298.28±26.82) is having higher level as compared to the mean value of controls (153.38±11.79). This increase is statistically highly significant (<0.0001).Conclusions: It has been shown from this study with blindness normal stimulation of the HPA is reduced consequently the serum cholesterol is frequently increased the concentration may exceed the upper limit of normal. On this basis we observed increases the upper limit of the cholesterol levels in blind healthy people than subjects with normal healthy light perception.
Congenital cerebriform intradermal nevus presenting as cutis verticis gyrata: a case report
Authors: Jawarkar Ashish , Gharia Bhumika J. , Shah Amrish N.
Published: September 2018

Cerebriform intradermal nevus is a rare disorder characterised by development of folds and furrows on the scalp, giving it a convoluted appearance resembling surface of the brain. There are two main forms of CVG, primary and secondary. Secondary form may appear at any age and is usually secondary to causes such as tumors, Cerebriform intradermal nevus (CIN), neurofibromas or amyloidosis. There is high risk of development of malignant melanoma in patients of CIN presenting as CVG. Hence early diagnosis and treatment is important.
ASYMPTOTIC REPRESENTATION OF THE STRESS FIELD NEAR THE CRACK TIP OF AN INFINITE PLATE WITH TWO SEMI-INFINITE SYMMETRICAL EDGE NOTCHES: THEORETICAL STUDY AND COMPUTATIONAL EXPERIMENT
Authors: Kosygina L. N.
Published: September 2018

This article is aimed at theoretical study of the stress-strain state of an infinite plate with twosemi-infinite symmetrical edge notches. The analytical solution is obtained by means of decompositionin the M. Williams series expansion and subsequent calculation of the amplitude coefficients of theexpansion using the complex representation of stresses. An analysis of the multiparametric expansionof the stress field and a computational experiment with different number of terms are carried out. Acomparison of the complex representation of the stress field with the asymptotic series of M. Williamsobtained shows the need for an accurate estimate of the number of terms keeping in the expansionseries depending on the distance from the crack tip.
Biomechanical Characteristics of Light Synthetic Materials for Hernioplasty (Experimental Study)
Authors: Sukovatykh Boris Semenovich , Netiaga Andrey Alexeevich , Blinkov Yuri Yurievich , Polevoy Yuri Yurievich , Zhukovskii Valery Anatolievich
Published: September 2018

Importance of the topic. One of the directions of improving hernioplasty efficiency with the use of light synthetic materials is including the strengthening zones in their structure.
Purpose. To compare functional effectiveness of the light and the light strengthened polypropylene endoprostheses for hernioplasty on the base of studying biomechanical characteristics of anterior abdominal wall tissues after their implantation in experiment.
Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 36 rabbits of “chinchilla”  breed. All animals were divided into 2 series of experiments. In the first (control) series the light polypropylene endoprosthesis was implanted, while in the second (experimental) series there was used a new cancellated  endoprosthesis from monofilamentous polypropylene, consisting of the basic and strengthened zones in the form of horizontally located, alternating with each other monothreads of the higher thickness. Pathomorphological changes and biomechanical properties of the abdominal wall tissues were studied macroscopically in the experiment by implantation of endoprostheses in onlay position on the 7th, 30th and 90th  days.
Results and their discussion. There was proved that in direction of the loop column as well as in the  loop row after implantation of the studied materials breaking load increased from the 7th to the 90th day of experiment, that was related to the formation of the connective tissue capsule around materials. The light strengthened endoprosthesis was more durable and stronger in 1,6 times compare to the light analog at all stages of observation. Along the loop column there was no significant difference detected. In both series of experiment in the direction of the loop column as well as in  loop row the reduction of sample lengthening took place. Along the loop column indicators of lengthening, characterizing elasticity of the prosthesis aponeurosis, in the series of the light strengthened endoprosthesis were 1,4-1,6 times lower than in its light analog. Along the loop row there was no significant difference of indicators.
Conclusion. Introduction of the strengthened zones in a light endoprosthesis increases its durability with preservation of the material’s elasticity.
Szlakiem osad olęderskich w powiecie zgierskim
Authors: Cepil Monika
Published: September 2018

Artykuł przedstawia genezę osadnictwa olęderskiego we współczesnych granicach powiatu zgierskiego, zapoczątkowanego pod koniec XVIII w. oraz dziedzictwo kulturowe wsi tego obszaru w kontekście turystyki. Analizy geohistoryczne objęły zagadnienia prawno-społeczne powstałych osad. Podczas próby wytyczenia turystycznego szlaku osadnictwa olęderskiego zostały uwzględnione aspekty morfologiczne i obiekty dziedzictwa kulturowego, tj. cmentarze i zagrody wiejskie.
Stan obecny i możliwości zagospodarowania rekreacyjnego wybranych „łódzkich gór”
Authors: Szymurska Joanna , Pindych Klaudia , Nieckarz Adam
Published: September 2018

Rekreacja mieszkańców jest istotną częścią życia w dużym mieście, jest to element konieczny przy wysokiej aktywności zawodowej lub naukowej społeczeństwa. Odpowiedni poziom zagospodarowania rekreacyjnego i sportowego obszarów publicznych znacz-nie zwiększa komfort życia miejskiego. Autorzy artykułu podjęli próbę zbadania i opisania możliwości wykorzystania na potrzeby rekreacji wzniesień znajdujących się na terenie Łodzi. Uwzględniono również stan infrastruktury umożliwiającej mieszkańcom aktywny wypoczynek na omawianych obszarach. W ramach badań przeprowadzono sondaż ankietowy określający znajomość „gór” wśród studentów kierunku „turystyka i rekreacja” Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego oraz inwentaryzację wybranych łódzkich wzniesień.
KEANEKARAGAMAN IKAN DI SUNGAI KELINGI KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Samitra Dian , Rozi Zico Fakhrur
Published: September 2018

This study aims to determine the diversity of freshwater fish in Kelingi River Lubuklinggau City. The research was conducted on 6 stations, the determination of the location of the research was done by purposive sampling method. Samples of fish obtained from the catch by using scatter and scoop-net and then identified in the Education Laboratory of Biology STKIP PGRI Lubukinggau. Data analysis includes species composition (KJ), diversity index (H ') and uniformity index (E). The results of identification there are 13 species belonged to 5 Order, 6 Family, and 13 genra. Barbonymus gonionotus has the largest type of composition (69.53%). Diversity index (H ' ) ranged from 0.33 to 1.22 and the uniformity index (E) ranged from 0.24 to 0.84. Conclusions the diversity index of Kelingi river in this study was low and fish communities at stations 1,3 and 6 under stable conditions and at station 2,4,5 under distress conditions
KEANEKARAGAMAN ZOOPLANKTON DI RAWA BANJIRAN DESA SEDANG KECAMATAN SUAK TAPEH KABUPATEN BANYUASIN
Authors: Yusanti Indah Anggraini , Widayasti Tri , Ramadhan Ramadhan
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this research is to determine the diversity of zooplankton in the swamp flood waters in Sedang Village, Subdistrict Suak Tapeh, District Banyuasin. This research was conducted in Juli in the swamp flood waters in Sedang Village, Subdistrict Suak Tapeh, District Banyuasin. Determination of sampling stationsbased on purposive random sampling. Sampling of fitoplankton was done in 3 stations, they are: Swamp Nebong Kuning (station 1), Swamp Poron (station 2) and Swamp Banan (station 3). Based on the results of the research was found that the type of zooplankton in swamp flood waters in Sedang Village, Subdistrict Suak Tapeh, District Banyuasin consist of 3 classes, they are Monogonota, MastigophoradanCiliata.  Diversity index of zooplankton species in the swamp flood waters in Sedang Village, Subdistrict Suak Tapeh, District Banyuasin in Swamp Nebong Kuning was medium, whereas in the Swamp of Poron and the Swamp of Banan was low.
ANALISIS KERAPATAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI PULAU PANIKIANG DAN DESA TONGKE-TONGKE SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Samsi Andi Nur , Andy Omar Sharifuddin Bin , Niartiningsih Andi
Published: September 2018

The mangrove ecosystem has different density levels per location. It can be influenced by environmental factors or because of human assistance. This research was conducted in Tongke-tongke Village, Sinjai Regency and Pannikiang Island, Barru District. Observations were conducted on three groups, namely groups of trees, stakes, and seedlings. Tree group used plot size 10 m x 10 m, stakes group used plot size 5m x 5m, and the group of seedlings used plot size 1 m x 1m. The result of tree group density will be compared with the standard criteria of mangrove damage of the Minister of Environment to know the criteria and the level of density. The mangrove ecosystem in Tongke-tongke village is overgrown by Rhizophora mucronata and Avicennia sp. and is dominated by R. mucronata with very dense density. In the tree group, R. mucronata has a density of 8020 Ind Ha-1. The mangrove ecosystem in Pannikiang Island is overgrown with Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia alba, Aegiceras floridum, Ceriops tagal, Avicennia sp., Excoearia agallocha, and Lumnitzera racemosa and has a rare and moderate density. In the tree group, the highest density in C. tagal with a density of 1270 Ind Ha-1 and indicated moderate density. Competition is always there in the ecosystem. The species of this ecosystem is fighting for space and nutrients. Therefore, competition can determine the density of plants in it.