bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of ecosystem services in climate and air quality in urban areas: Evaluating carbon sequestration and air pollution removal by street and park trees in Szeged (Hungary)
Authors: Kiss Márton , Takács Ágnes , Pogácsás Réka , Gulyás Ágnes
Published: November 2015

The evaluation of ecosystem services can provide essential help in incorporatating the multifunctionality of urban ecosystems in planning and management processes. Two important regulating services of urban trees, carbon sequestration and air pollution removal, are evaluated in this article for different types of tree stands (streets, parks) in the city centre of Szeged (Hungary). The necessary calculations were carried out by an adaptation of the targeted model (i-Tree Eco), based on a large complete tree inventory dataset. The analyses revealed the main tendencies in differences between tree species considering the tree condition, which affects the service-providing capacity to a high degree. The effects of differences in tree management on the chosen ecosystem services were investigated by comparing two pairs of tree alleys. Based on our observations, clear cuts and complete tree alley changes are not advisable from an ecosystem service point of view.
Smart tools of urban climate evaluation for smart spatial planning
Authors: Středová Hana , Středa Tomáš , Litschmann Tomáš
Published: November 2015

Air temperature and humidity conditions were monitored in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, by a network of meteorological stations. Meteorological sensors were placed across a representative variety of urban and suburban environments. The data collected over the 2011–2014 period are analysed in this paper. The data from reference standard meteorological stations were used for comparison and modelling purposes. Air temperatures at the points of interest were successfully modelled using regression relationships. The spatial expression of point measurements of air temperatures was provided by GIS methods in combination with CORINE land cover layer, and satellite thermal images were used to evaluate the significance of these methods. The use of standard climate information has low priority for urban planners. The impact of the urban heat island on city residents and visitors was evaluated using the HUMIDEX index, as it is more understandable for urban planners than temperature conditions as such. The aim of this paper is the modification, description and presentation of urban climate evaluation methods that are easily useable for spatial planning purposes. These methods are based on comprehensible, easily available but quality data and results. This unified methodology forms a theoretical basis for better urban planning policies to mitigate the urban heat island effects.
Changes in climate and changing climate regions in Slovakia
Authors: Labudová Lívia , Faško Pavol , Ivaňáková Gabriela
Published: November 2015

In the context of climate change, scientists discuss the relevant reference periods for the assessment of changes in climate. Recently, many studies have been published comparing recent conditions with the last reference period 1961–1990. In this paper, the trends of annual, seasonal and monthly average air temperature, as well as annual, seasonal and monthly precipitation totals in Slovakia, are presented to point out changes which will probably show up in the next reference period 1991–2020. In the second part of paper, changes in the climate regions in Slovakia are analysed, comparing spatial distributions in the period 1961–1990 and in the period 1961–2010.
Purine nucleoside analogs in the therapy of cancer and neuroinflammation
Authors: Savić Danijela , Stanković Tijana , Lavrnja Irena , Podolski-Renić Ana , Banković Jasna , Peković Sanja , Stojiljković Mirjana , Rakić Ljubisav , Ruždijić Sabera , Pešić Milica
Published: November 2015

Purine nucleoside analogs have been in clinical use for almost 50 years. At the beginning developed as antiviral agents, later their efficacy was demonstrated in cancer treatment, especially hematological malignances. The approval of new purine nucleoside analogs by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) over the past decade implies that the interest for these drugs still exists. Here, we review new nucleoside analogs that are currently in preclinical or clinical development as anticancer agents. In addition, we highlight the potential for implementation of these drugs in other pathological conditions, particularly in neuroinflammation.
Targeting FOXOs to slow aging
Authors: Martins Rute , Dumas Kathleen J. , Lithgow Gordon J.
Published: November 2015

The key importance of FOXO transcription factors and related pathways in the process of aging renders them compelling targets in the quest for compounds that could slow down the aging process. In this review, we give a brief overview of what we know about the role of FOXO proteins in aging and longevity and describe how this knowledge might be of value in developing future therapies aimed at extending lifespan and health span in people. Given the potential of FOXO proteins to impact on a variety of disorders such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration or immune system dysfunction, novel therapeutic approaches based FOXO-targeting strategies are expected to be a fertile area of research in the near future.
The Climate Change Impact On Grapevine Productivity
Authors: Maria Nedealcov , Rodica Sîrbu
Published: November 2015

The viticulture, a traditional branch of the national economy, is closely related to climatic conditions because the Republic of Moldova territory represents the northern border of its territorial location. Therefore the knowledge of regional particularities of grapevine productivity formation in dependence of current agro-climatic conditions is of particular interest. Along with accelerated climate change in last decades over the Republic of Moldova territory, we find that are essential changes concerning agro-meteorological conditions, at the same time comprehensive researches that would reflect the actual impact of climate change on grapevine are limited. There are known researches, but in the context of changes that occur at regional level it is necessary to supplement permanently the database in order to elaborate an appropriate estimation of current climate conditions. The above reported facts show the importance of parameters influencing the grapevine productivity time and space study in Republic of Moldova.
The Use Of Agricultural Lands In Northern Moldova Plateau
Authors: Capcelea Victor , Sofroni Valentin
Published: November 2015

This article comprises a study on the development and use of agricultural lands in Northern Moldova Plateau. The spatial aspects of using these categories of lands within the limits of study region are also described. In this article, the research findings are reflected on the basis of presented data by Agency for Land Relations and Cadastre of the Republic of Moldova. Scientific publication also describes some current issues on agricultural lands use in Northern Moldova Plateau.
The Role Of The Civil Society In Protecting The Natural Areas – Between Legislation And Implementation
Authors: Anca Ionce , Ruxandra Ionce
Published: November 2015

In Romania there is a legislation that regulates different aspects of the protection and administration of natural areas- from the way they are being established to the way permissible activities in and around these areas are being regulated. Nevertheless, based on studies released by different interested forums, the core issue has been identified to be the poor informing of the population concerning the importance of protecting the biodiversity and its role in ensuring a support system of life and in developing socio-economical systems.

The presence of the inhabitants on the natural areas and the activities they conduct have a great impact on the natural environment, thus making their involvement in protecting the biodiversity extremely important. The general public needs to become more aware of the fact that the preservation of nature does not constitute a unique, self-defeating purpose, that requires the saccrifice of all means, and that the presence of a reservation in their community could lead to a highly beneficial sustainable development, both socially and economically as a result of increasing financial stability for the local population.

Throughout this process of communication/ awareness raising/ ecological education, a key role is being played by the environmental non-governmental organizations that, through their misison, can be more visible and more efficient in achieving the purpose of making the public aware and thus creating a responsible behaviour and a direct involvement in protecting and administrating the natural areas.
The Use Of Standardized Indicators (SPI And SPEI) In Predicting Droughts Over The Republic Of Moldova Territory
Authors: Nedealcov M. , Răileanu V. , Sîrbu R. , Cojocari R.
Published: November 2015

The drought events frequent manifestation over the Republic of Moldova territory, in the context of climate change requires a scientific monitoring adjusted to international researchers. In recent years, internationally, the estimation of this phenomenon occurs through standardized indexes. The most used of these, being the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). Since there is no a unified definition of drought, the World Meteorological Organization proposes to calculate the indexes, through developed calculation software. Thus, based on multi-annual data (1980-2014) a regional spatio-temporal estimation concerning drought in the Republic of Moldova was performed, thereby realizing the regional investigations framing in the international ones.
Risks Associated To Present Geomorphologic Processes In The Stemnic (Buda) River Basin
Authors: Bojoagă Ioan
Published: November 2015

The paper analyses the main geomorphologic processes in the Stemnic (Buda) river basin, conditioned by the joint action of several factors, among which are the lithological peculiarities and the nature of superficial deposits, morphometric characteristics, climate, vegetation type and structure, properties of the soil cover etc. The Stemnic river basin with an area of 15662.52 ha is characterized by its elongated shape (the maximum length is of 30.5 km, maximum width of 8.5 km), its relative lithological homogeneity, but also by a variety of superficial deposits (eluvium, diluvium, colluvium and proluvium, alluvium) and by a relief energy of significant values between 136 m and 10 m (mean value of 73 m). Under these conditions, study area is characterized by a high degree of susceptibility to the occurrence of geomorphologic risk processes. For the morphometric and morphological analysis, we applied the method of the digital terrain model (DTM) with vectorisation of the contour lines on topographic maps with a scale of 1:5,000. In this paper we used indicators that highlight the particular frequency of landslides, especially in the upper and middle sectors, but the rather reduced frequency of deep erosion. Due to the satisfactory coverage of the ground with vegetation, the erosion reaction is differentiated, as it depends on the use of the land and the concentration of liquid flow on the slopes. Consequently, landslides of different ages, types and forms hold large surfaces in the basin (approx. 8%), while surface erosion affects most areas of the slopes, but with different intensities depending on their use and on agricultural technologies.
The Evolution Of Afforested Land In Northern Moldova Plateau
Authors: Capcelea Victor
Published: November 2015

The present article contains a study on the evolution of afforested land in Northern Moldova Plateau. In addition, it describes some spatial aspects concerning the use and expansion of these categories of land within the study region. The present article also reflects the research results on the basis of the data submitted by the “Moldsilva” Agency, The Institute of Research and Forestry Management and Land Relations Agency and Cadastre of the Republic of Moldova. The scientific publication also depicts some current issues on the protection of land in Northern Moldova Plateau.
An Analysis Of “The Gymnastics Battle At Stockholm Elementary Schools”
Authors: Wanneberg Pia Lundquist
Published: November 2015

Introduction
. In order to examine the consequences that a changed view of the child had on early twentieth-century teaching in Sweden, this article analyses a battle that erupted when a proposal for new lesson content for Swedish school gymnastics was presented.

Material and methods
. The study method is a comparative qualitative analysis of texts which present the views of the supporters and opponents of the proposal. The data analysis is based on a model showing five different constructions of childhood: a moment of innocence and purity; a period of lacking, but with naturally unfolding potential for, rational power; the primitive stage of human evolution; a time for redemption: saving the child from his/her sinful nature; and a period of active growth.

Results
. For the proposal's supporters, the fact that they mainly regarded childhood as a time of active growth meant a form of gymnastics more suited to children and their needs as well as a desire to get them to participate and become involved. For the proposal's opponents, the notion of childhood as the primitive stage of human evolution meant that considerable space was accorded to order movements, commands, and other military elements designed to subjugate and control in order to develop and civilise pupils in accordance with the values and ideals this side represented.

Conclusions
. The findings show that the views of both sides concerning which gymnastics should be practised can be linked to different notions of the child.
Destination Choice In German Winter Sport Tourism: Empirical Findings
Authors: Hodeck Alexander , Hovemann Gregor
Published: November 2015

Introduction
. Despite the fact that sport tourism plays an important role in upland destinations, as a field of research it is still characterised by a knowledge deficit.

Material and methods
. Active winter sport tourists at two upland destinations were compared in terms of socio-demographic variables, the importance of destination choice criteria, and travel behaviour in order to give recommendations to destination management organisations.

Conclusions
. There were significant differences between tourists at the two destinations. Consequently, advantages may be gained from the development of destination-specific marketing strategies.
Um lugar de memória no esquecimento: o Monumento aos Mortos e Desaparecidos Políticos em Porto Alegre
Authors: Bauer Caroline Silveira
Published: November 2015

Este artigo tem como objetivo problematizar algumas questões referentes ao Monumento aos Mortos e Desaparecidos Políticos em Porto Alegre, principalmente sua construção – vinculada a rememoração dos 30 anos do golpe civil-militar –, e o processo de construção da memória sobre a guerrilha urbana durante a transição política.
O Arquivo Privado São Caetano: Fragmentos de Memória
Authors: Costa Manuela Areias
Published: November 2015

Propomos algumas reflexões sobre arquivos privados, considerando-os como “lugares de memórias” e valiosas fontes de pesquisa pela especificidade dos tipos documentais que os caracterizam. Os diversos fragmentos de memória que os compõem, quando reunidos, revelam-se como locus privilegiado para o trabalho historiográfico e científico, possibilitando inúmeras descobertas e propostas de investigação. Para tanto, tomaremos como foco de análise o “Arquivo Privado São Caetano”. Apresentaremos a origem dos seus documentos, a condição em que foram encontrados, os processos de organização arquivística, as possibilidades de pesquisa, bem como as referências de trabalhos pautados em fontes localizadas neste arquivo.
O acervo antigo da biblioteca do porto do Rio Grande
Authors: Ferreira Gladis Rejane Moran
Published: November 2015

Este ensaio tem por objetivo apresentar parte do acervo documental da biblioteca do Porto do Rio Grande, composto por correspondências administrativas manuscritas trocadas entre a segunda metade do século XIX e a segunda década do século XX.
Rare inactivating PDE11A variants associated with testicular germ cell tumors
Authors: Pathak Anand , Stewart Douglas R , Faucz Fabio R , Xekouki Paraskevi , Bass Sara , Vogt Aurelie , Zhang Xijun , Boland Joseph , Yeager Meredith , Loud Jennifer T , Nathanson Katherine L , McGlynn Katherine A , Stratakis Constantine A , Greene Mark H , Mirabello Lisa
Published: November 2015

Germline inactivating mutations of isoform 4 of phosphodiesterase (PDE) 11A (coded by the PDE11A gene) have been associated with familial adrenocortical tumors and familial testicular cancer. Testicular tissue is unique in expressing all four isoforms of PDE11A. In a prior candidate gene study of 94 familial testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) subjects, we identified a significant association between the presence of functionally abnormal variants in PDE11A and familial TGCT risk. To validate this novel observation, we sequenced the PDE11A coding region in 259 additional TGCT patients (both familial and sporadic) and 363 controls. We identified 55 PDE11A variants: 20 missense, four splice-site, two nonsense, seven synonymous, and 22 intronic. Ten missense variants were novel; nine occurred in transcript variant 4 and one in transcript variant 3. Five rare mutations (p.F258Y, p.G291R, p.V820M, p.R545X, and p.K568R) were present only in cases and were significantly more common in cases vs controls (P=0.0037). The latter two novel variants were functionally characterized and shown to be functionally inactivating, resulting in reduced PDE activity and increased cAMP levels. In further analysis of this cohort, we focused on white participants only to minimize confounding due to population stratification. This study builds upon our prior reports implicating PDE11A variants in familial TGCT, provides the first independent validation of those findings, extends that work to sporadic testicular cancer, demonstrates that these variants are uncommonly but reproducibly associated with TGCT, and refines our understanding regarding which specific inactivating PDE11A variants are most likely to be associated with TGCT risk.
Glucagon receptor inactivation leads to α-cell hyperplasia in zebrafish
Authors: Li Mingyu , Dean E Danielle , Zhao Liyuan , Nicholson Wendell E , Powers Alvin C , Chen Wenbiao
Published: November 2015

Glucagon antagonism is a potential treatment for diabetes. One potential side effect is α-cell hyperplasia, which has been noted in several approaches to antagonize glucagon action. To investigate the molecular mechanism of the α-cell hyperplasia and to identify the responsible factor, we created a zebrafish model in which glucagon receptor (gcgr) signaling has been interrupted. The genetically and chemically tractable zebrafish, which provides a robust discovery platform, has two gcgr genes (gcgra and gcgrb) in its genome. Sequence, phylogenetic, and synteny analyses suggest that these are co-orthologs of the human GCGR. Similar to its mammalian counterparts, gcgra and gcgrb are mainly expressed in the liver. We inactivated the zebrafish gcgra and gcgrb using transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) first individually and then both genes, and assessed the number of α-cells using an α-cell reporter line, Tg(gcga:GFP). Compared to WT fish at 7 days postfertilization, there were more α-cells in gcgra−/−, gcgrb−/−, and gcgra−/−;gcgrb−/− fish and there was an increased rate of α-cell proliferation in the gcgra−/−;gcgrb−/− fish. Glucagon levels were higher but free glucose levels were lower in gcgra−/−, gcgrb−/−, and gcgra−/−;gcgrb−/− fish, similar to Gcgr−/− mice. These results indicate that the compensatory α-cell hyperplasia in response to interruption of glucagon signaling is conserved in zebrafish. The robust α-cell hyperplasia in gcgra−/−;gcgrb−/− larvae provides a platform to screen for chemical and genetic suppressors, and ultimately to identify the stimulus of α-cell hyperplasia and its signaling mechanism.
Vascular endothelial growth factor A: just one of multiple mechanisms for sex-specific vascular development within the testis?
Authors: Sargent Kevin M , McFee Renee M , Spuri Gomes Renata , Cupp Andrea S
Published: November 2015

Testis development from an indifferent gonad is a critical step in embryogenesis. A hallmark of testis differentiation is sex-specific vascularization that occurs as endothelial cells migrate from the adjacent mesonephros into the testis to surround Sertoli-germ cell aggregates and induce seminiferous cord formation. Manyin vitroexperiments have demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is a critical regulator of this process. Both inhibitors to VEGFA signal transduction and excess VEGFA isoforms in testis organ cultures impaired vascular development and seminiferous cord formation. However,in vivomodels using mice which selectively eliminated all VEGFA isoforms: in Sertoli and germ cells (pDmrt1-Cre;Vegfa−/−); Sertoli and Leydig cells (Amhr2-Cre;Vegfa−/−) or Sertoli cells (Amh-Cre;Vegfa−/−andSry-Cre;Vegfa−/−) displayed testes with observably normal cords and vasculature at postnatal day 0 and onwards. Embryonic testis development may be delayed in these mice; however, the postnatal data indicate that VEGFA isoforms secreted from Sertoli, Leydig or germ cells are not required for testis morphogenesis within the mouse. AVegfasignal transduction array was employed on postnatal testes fromSry-Cre;Vegfa−/−versus controls.Ptgs1(Cox1) was the only upregulated gene (fivefold). COX1 stimulates angiogenesis and upregulates, VEGFA, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGD2. Thus, other gene pathways may compensate for VEGFA loss, similar to multiple independent mechanisms to maintain SOX9 expression. Multiple independent mechanism that induce vascular development in the testis may contribute to and safeguard the sex-specific vasculature development responsible for inducing seminiferous cord formation, thus ensuring appropriate testis morphogenesis in the male.
Adverse effects of perinatal nicotine exposure on reproductive outcomes
Authors: Wong Michael K , Barra Nicole G , Alfaidy Nadia , Hardy Daniel B , Holloway Alison C
Published: November 2015

Nicotine exposure during pregnancy through cigarette smoking, nicotine replacement therapies or e-cigarette use continues to be a widespread public health problem, impacting both fetal and postnatal health. Yet, at this time, there remains limited data regarding the safety and efficacy in using these nicotine products during pregnancy. Notably, reports assessing the effect of nicotine exposure on postnatal health outcomes in humans, including reproductive health, are severely lacking. Our current understanding regarding the consequences of nicotine exposure during pregnancy is limited to a few animal studies, which do not comprehensively address the underlying cellular mechanisms involved. This paper aims to critically review the current knowledge from human and animal studies regarding the direct and indirect effects (e.g. obesity) of maternal nicotine exposure, regardless of its source, on reproductive outcomes in pregnancy and postnatal life. Furthermore, this review highlights several key cellular mechanisms involved in these adverse reproductive deficits including oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. By understanding the interplay of the cellular mechanisms involved, further strategies could be developed to prevent the reproductive abnormalities resulting from exposure to nicotinein uteroand influence informed clinical guidelines for pregnant women.
Improving Pediatric Asthma Care and Outcomes Across Multiple Hospitals
Authors: Nkoy Flory , Fassl Bernhard , Stone Bryan , Uchida Derek A. , Johnson Joseph , Reynolds Carolyn , Valentine Karen , Koopmeiners Karmella , Kim Eun Hea , Savitz Lucy , Maloney Christopher G.
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Gaps exist in inpatient asthma care. Our aims were to assess the impact of an evidence-based care process model (EB-CPM) 5 years after implementation at Primary Children's Hospital (PCH), a tertiary care facility, and after its dissemination to 7 community hospitals.

METHODS:

Participants included asthmatics 2 to 17 years admitted at 8 hospitals between 2003 and 2013. The EB-CPM was implemented at PCH between January 2008 and March 2009, then disseminated to 7 community hospitals between January and June 2011. We measured compliance using a composite score (CS) for 8 quality measures. Outcomes were compared between preimplementation and postimplementation periods. Confounding was addressed through multivariable regression analyses.

RESULTS:

At PCH, the CS increased and remained at >90% for 5 years after implementation. We observed sustained reductions in asthma readmissions (P = .026) and length of stay (P < .001), a trend toward reduced costs (P = .094), and no change in hospital resource use, ICU transfers, or deaths. The CS also increased at the 7 community hospitals, reaching 80% to 90% and persisting >2 years after dissemination, with a slight but not significant readmission reduction (P = .119), a significant reduction in length of stay (P < .001) and cost (P = .053), a slight increase in hospital resource use (P = .032), and no change in ICU transfers or deaths.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our intervention resulted in sustained, long-term improvement in asthma care and outcomes at the tertiary care hospital and successful dissemination to community hospitals.
Nematofauna asociada a tomate de árbol (Cyphomandra betacea (Cav.) Sendtn.), lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) y zanahoria (Daucus carota L.). Cultivos de importancia económica en el Departamento de Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Mosquera Espinosa Ana Teresa
Published: November 2015

Los frutales y hortalizas en zonas de clima frio moderado, suplen parte de la demanda alimentaria del país. Sin embargo, el mayor limitante para su producción son los problemas por patógenos y parásitos. Los fitonematodos ocasionan pérdidas hasta del 100% por los complejos patológicos que inducen. Estudios publicados para Colombia, no incluyen reportes de las zonas agrícolas del departamento de Boyacá. Con el presente estudio se buscó contextualizar información sobre la nematofauna asociados a tomate de árbol, lulo y zanahoria, como también los síntomas que inducen. Se visitaron fincas en los municipios de Buenavista y Ventaquemada, zonas de mayor producción para el departamento. Se colectaron muestras de suelo rizosferico y raíces que se procesaron por el método Coob y Bird, respectivamente. Se analizaron datos poblacionales, ecológicos y parasíticos, encontrándose la mayoría de los géneros de fitonematodos mencionados en literatura para Colombia: en zanahoria se encontró Meloidogyne y Helicotylenchus, en los frutales además Pratylenchus. En general las poblaciones de dichos géneros fueron altas, sin embargo, no existen un valor de umbral de daño económico para interpretar si son limitantes en la producción de la región. Los síntomas observados a nivel aéreo y en raíces de los tres hospederos, indicaron afección por fitonematodos. Por niveles poblacionales el género de mayor importancia fue Meloidogyne, causando agallas y síntomas correspondientes a complejos patológicos. Con la información obtenida de ésta investigación, se planteó un plan de manejo integrado teniendo en cuenta las condiciones agroecológicas propias de las zonas de estudio.
Análisis filogenético del murciélago hematófago Desmodus rotundus en el Valle del Cauca Colombia
Authors: Castro castro Fernando Favian , Muñoz Flores Jaime Eduardo , Uieda Wilson
Published: November 2015

En los municipios La Victoria, Águila, Obando, Cartago, Zarzal, San Pedro, Cerrito y Palmira del depar-tamento Valle del Cauca; Mercaderes en el Cauca; y Puerto Nariño en el departamento del Amazonas Amazonas, se realizó el análisis de filogenia del murciélago hematófago Desmodus rotundus.  Las mues-tras de tejido epitelial fueron tomadas en el patagio del quiróptero, fueron amplificadas por PCR utilizan-do cebadores 16SL y 16SH, se amplificó ADN mitocondrial, y se secuenciaron 50 individuos de murciéla-gos hematófagos.  Después de la secuenciación se encontraron ocho haplotipos y se encontró que el más frecuente se presenta en 43 individuos.  Se utilizaron dos métodos, máxima verisimilitud y parsimonia.  Utilizando el  Genbank se revisaron secuencias de marcadores mitocondriales s16 rRNA de Brasil, Vene-zuela y Costa Rica.  Se encontró un acercamiento de estos individuos de Costa Rica y Venezuela con murciélagos hematófagos de los departamentos del Valle del Cauca y Cauca, ubicados en el sur occidente de Colombia.  Se revisan aspectos genéticos como relaciones filogeográficas entre las poblaciones y se encontró en el estudio que existe una conexión entre los diferentes haplotipos de los clados existentes reflejado en los árboles filogénicos y red de haplotipos, que se formó en varias generaciones producto po-siblemente de migraciones de los murciélagos hematófagos a lo largo de las cordilleras y ríos que atraviesan Colombia.
Las funciones universitarias como fundamento para generar competencias orientadas hacia la codificación del conocimiento agrícola local
Authors: García Lobo Ligia Nathalie , Anido Rivas José Daniel
Published: November 2015

El estudio tuvo como objetivo precisar las relaciones de consistencia entre el conocimiento popular agrícola y el sistema de conocimiento académico, como fundamento para certificar los sistemas de conocimiento local en el marco de los procesos de desarrollo territorial. Se diseña un modelo teórico donde se establecen los mecanismos para la certificación de los sistemas de conocimiento local, a través del desarrollo inte-grado de las funciones de extensión, investigación y docencia universitaria, las cuales constituyen el fun-damento para la implementación de un currículo universitario basado en competencias. El estudio se desarrolló considerando los lineamientos del enfoque racionalista de tipo crítico realista, ubicándose en la fase de desarrollo investigativo de carácter explicativo del modelo de Variabilidad de la Investigación Cien-tífica (VIC). Los hallazgos de la investigación dan cuenta que los sistemas de factores configurados en el modelo diseñado en la investigación presentan altos niveles de consistencia para la certificación de los sistemas de conocimiento agrícolas a través del currículo universitario.
New record and update on the geographic distribution of Enyalius bilineatus Duméril & Bibron, 1837 in Brazil
Authors: Sales Raul Fernandes Dantas , Ribeiro Leonardo Barros , Freire Eliza Maria Xavier
Published: November 2015

Herein, we provide the first record of Enyalius bilineatus for the Caatinga region, northeastern Brazil, and an updated distribution map based on literature and museum records. We collected two specimens of E. bilineatus at Serra do Barbado, northern region of the Espinhaço mountain ridge (“Chapada Diamantina” plateau complex), Bahia, Brazil. This new record extends the known geographic distribution of E. bilineatus 716 km, 462 km, and 590 km from the closest known localities in the southwest, southeast, and south, respectively.
Pneumothorax als Komplikation einer rechtsseitigen Nephrektomie bei einem Jungrind
Authors: Muggli E. , Gerspach C. , Schramm S. , Dettwiler M. , Bach F. , Ringer S. , Nuss K.
Published: November 2015

Bei einem 250 kg schweren weiblichen Jungrind mit Koliksymptomen wurde als Ursache eine Harnsteinerkrankung der rechten Niere dia - gnostiziert. Nach Fehlschlagen der medikamentösen Therapie fiel die Entscheidung zu einer Nephrektomie. Die Operation wurde nach Resektion der letzten Rippe am stehenden Tier begonnen, musste jedoch unterbrochen werden, da während der Präparation der Niere plötzlich Luft in die rechte Pleurahöhle einströmte und das Rind hochgradige Atemnot zeigte. Nach Vernähen der Rissstelle und Einlegen eines Thoraxdrains wurde die Nephrektomie in Inhalationsnarkose ohne weitere Komplikationen zu Ende geführt. Das Rind konnte 11 Tage postoperativ aus der Klinik entlassen werden und war 12 Monate später symptomlos in die Herde integriert. Auch beim Rind muss im Verlauf einer rechtsseitigen Nephrektomie mit Resektion der letzten Rippe ein Pneu mothorax als mögliche Komplikation eingeplant werden.
Treatment of a periorbital cyst in a dog by creation of a permanent drainage opening
Authors: Driesen A. , Malberg S. , Kramer M. , Thiel C. , Kaiser S.
Published: November 2015

An inflammatory periorbital cyst with secondary pressure atrophy of the maxilla was treated by surgical creation of a drainage opening to the nasal cavity in a 4-year-old Yorkshire Terrier. Following treatment, clinical signs resolved and computed tomography 5 weeks after surgery confirmed the permanence of the drainage opening. Eight months later, the dog showed no clinical abnormalities. Therefore, the procedure described in this report may offer a suitable treatment option in cases where the cyst’s size or localization prevents complete excision.
Assessing the Potential for Fluridone Carryover to Six Crops Rotated with Cotton
Authors: Hill Zachary T. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Barber L. Tom , Roberts Trent L. , Gbur Edward E.
Published: November 2015

The herbicide fluridone is a soil-residual herbicide that should provide effective control of several problematic agronomic weeds, but because of herbicide persistence, injury to rotational crops is possible. In this experiment, multiple rates of fluridone were applied PRE to cotton at four irrigated locations across Arkansas to determine the risk of fluridone persisting and injuring subsequently planted wheat, corn, soybean, rice, grain sorghum, and sunflower. The multiple rates of fluridone were compared with fluometuron and evaluated for percentage of crop injury, crop density, and potential yield loss for each crop at the end of the subsequent growing season. Regardless of the location, wheat exhibited the greatest injury with 13 to 26% at Fayetteville (silt loam), 8 to 15% at Pine Tree (silt loam), 2 to 7% at Keiser (silty clay), and 3 to 8% at Rohwer (silty clay). Along with high levels of injury to wheat, fluridone at 900 g ai ha−1caused loss of wheat stands to 29 plants m−1row compared with fluometuron, which had stands of 49 plants m−1row. Although injury occurred in wheat at all locations, no rate of fluridone reduced wheat yields compared with fluometuron. Injury to grain sorghum ranged from 5 to 10% from all rates of fluridone at Pine Tree. Fluridone at 900 g ha−1(11 plants m−1row) also reduced grain sorghum stands at Pine Tree over that of fluometuron (19 plants m−1row). A decrease in grain sorghum yield was also observed from fluridone at 448, 673, and 900 g ha−1compared with fluometuron at Pine Tree. At Keiser, rice exhibited significant levels of injury (1 to 13%) from fluridone 393 d after treatment. In conclusion, injury to a wheat rotational crop is more likely following an application of fluridone in cotton than is injury to other rotational crops, but yield reductions are not expected for most rotational crops when fluridone is applied to cotton at an anticipated labeled rate of 224 g ha−1.
Management of Pigweed (Amaranthusspp.) in Glufosinate-Resistant Soybean in the Midwest and Mid-South
Authors: Butts Thomas R. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Kruger Greg R. , Sandell Lowell D. , Young Bryan G. , Steckel Lawrence E. , Loux Mark M. , Bradley Kevin W. , Conley Shawn P. , Stoltenberg David E. , Arriaga Francisco J. , Davis Vince M.
Published: November 2015

Pigweeds are among the most abundant and troublesome weed species across Midwest and mid-South soybean production systems because of their prolific growth characteristics and ability to rapidly evolve resistance to several herbicide sites of action. This has renewed interest in diversifying weed management strategies by implementing integrated weed management (IWM) programs to efficiently manage weeds, increase soybean light interception, and increase grain yield. Field studies were conducted across 16 site-years to determine the effectiveness of soybean row width, seeding rate, and herbicide strategy as components of IWM in glufosinate-resistant soybean. Sites were grouped according to optimum adaptation zones for soybean maturity groups (MGs). Across all MG regions, pigweed density and height at the POST herbicide timing, and end-of-season pigweed density, height, and fecundity were reduced in IWM programs using a PRE followed by (fb) POST herbicide strategy. Furthermore, a PRE fb POST herbicide strategy treatment increased soybean cumulative intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (CIPAR) and subsequently, soybean grain yield across all MG regions. Soybean row width and seeding rate manipulation effects were highly variable. Narrow row width (≤ 38 cm) and a high seeding rate (470,000 seeds ha−1) reduced end-of-season height and fecundity variably across MG regions compared with wide row width (≥ 76 cm) and moderate to low (322,000 to 173,000 seeds ha−1) seeding rates. However, narrow row widths and high seeding rates did not reduce pigweed density at the POST herbicide application timing or at soybean harvest. Across all MG regions, soybean CIPAR increased as soybean row width decreased and seeding rate increased; however, row width and seeding rate had variable effects on soybean yield. Furthermore, soybean CIPAR was not associated with end-of-season pigweed growth and fecundity. A PRE fb POST herbicide strategy was a necessary component for an IWM program as it simultaneously managed pigweeds, increased soybean CIPAR, and increased grain yield.
Efficacy of Five Herbicides for Weed Control in Rain-Fed Lentil (Lens culinarisMedik.)
Authors: Ahmadi Abdol Reza , Shahbazi Saeed , Diyanat Marjan
Published: November 2015

Lentil is vulnerable to weed competition because of its short stature, slow establishment, and limited vegetative growth. Although the vast majority of lentil production is under rain-fed conditions, there is a little published information on weed control with herbicides in rain-fed lentils. Field experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of nine herbicide treatments including fomesafen, imazethapyr, linuron, pendimethalin, and pyridate alone or in combination compared with one or two hand weeding(s) on weed control and yield response in rain-fed lentil in Khorramabad, Iran in 2012 and 2013. Weed species included catchweed bedstraw, cowcockle, haresear mustard, hoary cress, wild mustard, and wild safflower. Total weed dry biomass in weedy check plots averaged 156 and 170 g m−2in 2012 and 2013, respectively, and weed density and biomass were reduced in all treatments compared to the weedy check in both years. Plots that were hand weeded twice reduced weed biomass the greatest, whereas fomesafen, linuron, or one hand weeding did not control weeds satisfactorily. Noncontrolled weeds reduced lentil yield by 67% both years compared to the weed-free control. Lentil yield in 2013 (1,370 kg ha−1) was higher than in 2012 (1,150 kg ha−1). All herbicides tested injured lentil slightly, with pyridate (1,200 g ai ha−1) and pendimethalin (660 g ai ha−1plus imazethapyr at 250 to 500 g ai ha−1) causing the least injury. Across all treatments, imazethapyr plus pendimethalin PRE, pyridate POST, and two hand-weeding treatments had the best performance for weed control and lentil yield.
Identification of Triazine-ResistantVulpia bromoides
Authors: Ashworth Michael B. , Han Heping , Knell Garren , Powles Stephen B.
Published: November 2015

In Australia, triazine herbicides have routinely controlled theVulpiaspecies (Vulpia bromoides,Vulpia myuros, andVulpia fasciculata; collectively referred to as silvergrass). However, a simazine-resistant silvergrass biotype, collected from Pingelly in the Western Australian grain belt in 2014, has been confirmed. Compared to the pooled mortality of three simazine-susceptible silvergrass populations (S1, S2, and S3), the simazine-resistant Pingelly population was > 594-fold resistant at the LD50level. Dose-response screening of the simazine-selected progeny (> 800 g ai simazine ha−1) demonstrated that the simazine resistance mechanism was heritable. Sequencing of the chloroplastpsbA gene revealed the resistant population is homozygous for a serine 264 to glycine mutation, which confers a high-level triazine resistance. As expected this Ser-264-Gly mutation conferred resistance to atrazine and metribuzin, but not the phenyl-urea diuron. This is the first published report confirming field-evolved triazine resistance in aVulpiapopulation.
La inteligencia emocional en estudiantes gallegos de ESO
Authors: Fernández Lorena , Rodríguez Alba , Armada Estela
Published: November 2015

La educación, en sus diversas manifestaciones, nos acompaña desde el momento en que nacemos. Uno de los ámbitos educativos por excelencia es la escuela, en su sentido amplio; en el que pasamos muchas horas de nuestra infancia, adolescencia y juventud. Indagar científicamente en todos los aspectos relacionados con ella a fin de mejorar al máximo los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, así como contribuir al conocimiento de los problemas que surgen en los estudiantes y ensayar posibles alternativas serían las bases que fundamentan este trabajo. En este estudio se hace un análisis de la Inteligencia Emocional (IE) cuyos objetivos son  profundizar en el conocimiento de la Inteligencia Emocional, examinar la influencia de distintas variables sobre ella y diseñar una propuesta de intervención con el fin de mejorar sus habilidades emocionales. El estudio, cuya muestra es de 168 individuos, se realizó aplicando diversos cuestionarios: un cuestionario ad hoc que estudia diversas variables sociodemográficas y el Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24 (TMMS-24) que estudia y mide las tres dimensiones clave de la inteligencia emocional (percepción, comprensión y regulación emocional). Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que en la dimensión de percepción emocional quienes obtienen mayores puntuaciones son las adolescentes de 12 años de edad mientras que en las dimensiones de comprensión de sentimientos y regulación de emociones el perfil obtenido es el de un adolescente de entre 12 y 13 años. En consecuencia, en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) se debe fomentar la inteligencia emocional para alcanzar y garantizar el éxito profesional y de nuestras vidas, pues el aprendizaje de aspectos sociales y emocionales, facilitan la adaptación del alumnado a un mundo cambiante, con constantes y peligrosos desafíos.
Dos significados à autorregulação: perspectivas de estudantes com trajetórias acadêmicas de insucesso
Authors: Da-Veiga-Simão Ana Margarida , Bragagnolo-Frison Lourdes Maria , Rodrigues-Nonticuri Amélia
Published: November 2015

A pesquisa, financiada pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Cnpq), realizada em duas Instituiçõesde Ensino Superior (IES) uma no Brasil e outra em Portugal, teve como objetivo investigar as perspectivas dos estudantes com trajetórias acadêmicas de insucesso. Buscou-se compreender o significado das suas formações, identificando as estratégias autorregulatórias que fazem parte do seu repertório de estudante. Notadamente, no contexto universitário dos dois países, existe a preocupação com o sucesso dos estudantes, principalmente porque, atualmente, tem-se constatado um alto índice de reprovações, o que desencadeia um processo de desmotivação nos estudantes. O corpus de pesquisa contou com 15 estudantes de cada uma da IES envolvidas. Utilizou-se como metodologia de pesquisa as narrativas de história de vida em formação, ancoradas na ideia de que os estudantes se apropriam de suas próprias histórias ao realizarem suas narrativas de vida. Um dos aspectos essenciais nas narrativas de histórias de vida reside no fato de que ela é um processo de apropriação de autoformação. Isto inclui saberes formais (exteriores ao estudantes, definidos pelas instituições universitárias) e os saberes subjetivos (colocados em prática pelos estudantes em suas experiências de vida, nas relações sociais e nas atividades acadêmicas). Esses saberes indicam a maneira como os estudantes organizam seus espaços de aprendizagem, seus envolvimentos com o saber e com a formação. Os resultados preliminares evidenciaram a maneira como os estudantes se percebem, como refletem sobre si e sobre o  ambiente no qual estão inseridos. A construção narrativa desses universitários apresentou um eixo progressivo, a reapropriação da história de cada um, colocando em evidência o sujeito e sua história. Nessa conexão, surgiu a identidade formativa, o que possibilitou aos estudantes estabelecerem uma ligação entre aquilo que fazem e o que pretendem fazer. Percebeu-se que as narrativas de autoformação dos estudantes demarcaram a necessidade de saber utilizar estratégias autorregulatórias, para obter melhores resultados nos desempenhos acadêmicos. É o retorno sobre si, prospectivando a mudança pessoal e reflexiva sobre sua formação.
Aprender a aprender: competencia básica en el marco europeo de la educación obligatoria
Authors: García-Vázquez Santiago
Published: November 2015

En este trabajo se presenta una aproximación al marco teórico de referencia establecido por el Parlamento Europeo y Consejo de la Unión Europea sobre la competencia aprender a aprender como competencia clave para el aprendizaje permanente en la enseñanza obligatoria. De este modo, se toma como base la realización de un análisis pormenorizado de la delimitación de la competencia aprender a aprender, y el estudio de los factores y aspectos implícitos que conlleva dicha competencia en el marco europeo y su extrapolación a la normativa educativa española (Ley Orgánica de Educación y Ley de Mejora de la Calidad Educativa). Todo ello, con la finalidad de mostrar la relevancia, los elementos ylos indicadores a tener presente por el profesorado en los procesos de Enseñanza – Aprendizaje para garantizar lapromoción, adquisición y desarrollo de la misma por los discentes durante la eseñanza obligatoria. Los resultados del presente estudio se encauzan en la presenteación del marco teórico de la competencia aprender a aprender, junto con orientaciones metodológicas para el profesorado a pro del fomento y promoción en el alumnado ante esta innovación educativa, y como requisito demandado en la sociedad global y cambiante del siglo XXI.