bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A blockchain-based deep learning approach for cyber security in next-generation medical cyber-physical systems
Authors: Balogun Bukola Fatimah , Tripathi Khushboo , Tiwari Shrikant , J S Shyam Mohan , Tyagi Amit Kumar
Published: March 2024

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) have been employed to seamlessly integrate numerous processes and physical components with integrated computing facilities and data storage, aiming to achieve a heightened level of effectiveness and efficiency across various qualitative and quantitative metrics, including technical and organizational aspects. The increased use of the web and the prospering network through IoT (Internet of things) have given a critical open door to CPS to prevail. While this innovation is as of now utilized in programmed pilot flying, advanced mechanics frameworks, clinical checking, modern control frameworks, and so forth, the headway of these frameworks should understand undeniable spotlight on making them proficient and secure. To work on the strength, reliability, and security of these frameworks, specialists can integrate blockchain innovation which has an inbuilt mix of consensual calculations, secure conventions, and circulated information capacity, with the CPS. This introduces an efficient deep learning approach based on blockchain for medical cyber-physical systems (CPS), consisting primarily of two components: a) a blockchain based security framework to protect the medical data and b) the extraction of quintessential features from these data to a classifier for performing the anomaly scans using deep learning. The experimental evaluation demonstrates that the suggested system outperforms existing models, achieving exceptional performance with an accuracy rate of 0.96 and a sensitivity score of 0.95.
Az Bilinen Bir Konu “Fonksiyonel Konfüzyon nedir”: Bir Gözden Geçirme
Authors: Kağızman Salim Çağatay , Hocaoglu Cicek
Published: March 2024

Zamana, yere ya da kişiye karşı yönelim bozukluğunun görüldüğü bilinç bozukluğu konfüzyon olarak tanımlanır. Konfüzyonun tanımlanmış çeşitli nedenleri vardır. Konfüzyonun fonksiyonel etiyolojisi en az bilinen durumlardan biridir. Psikiyatri muayenelerinde seans esnasında kafa karıştıran ve tanımlayıcı olmayan şikayetler, hikâyeye odaklanamama, anlamlı cevaplar alamama gibi durumlar görülebilir. Bu gibi durumlarda, fonksiyonel konfüzyonun varlığından söz edilebilir. Fonksiyonel konfüzyon için en önemli risk faktörünün hem güncel hem de çocukluk çağındaki travmatik yaşam deneyimlerinin varlığı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Psikiyatrik bozukluklarda fonksiyonel konfüzyon görülebilir. Bu yazıda fonksiyonel konfüzyon tanımlanacak ve klinik sunumu incelenecektir.
ONTO-SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE EMERGENCE AND EVOLUTION OF FUNCTIONAL REASONING
Authors: Godino Juan D. , Burgos María , Wilhelmi Miguel R.
Published: March 2024

Developing students’ adequate functional reasoning requires paying attention to the design and planning of teaching from the first educational levels. This implies considering and progressively articulating the diversity of meanings of the function, attending to the generality and formalization levels that emerged in its historical evolution. In this paper, we review historical and epistemological studies on function using theoretical tools of the Onto-semiotic Approach to characterize different levels of functional reasoning. We interpret meaning in terms of systems of operative and discursive practices related to solving types of problems. In line with previous research, we identify partial meanings of function (operative-tabular, operative-graphic, algebraic-geometric, analytic, arbitrary correspondence between numerical sets, and mapping between arbitrary sets) that should be part of the overall reference meaning in the planning and management of function teaching and learning processes. This study provides a complementary view of the multiple investigations that describe the phylogenesis of the concept of function in mathematics with a historical and epistemological approach.
КРОС-КУЛЬТУРНИЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ ТА МІЖКУЛЬТУРНА КОМУНІКАЦІЯ: РЕАКЦІЯ НА ВИКЛИКИ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ МІГРАЦІЇ
Authors: Почтовюк Андрій , Семеніхіна Вікторія , Золотаренко Віктор
Published: March 2024

Політика відкритості в економічних і культурних аспектах, взаємодія з міжнародними партнерами зумовлюють актуальність і важливість опрацювання крос-культурної специфіки діяльності компаній та державних установ. Нові умови діяльності потребують нових знань, підходів та навичок. Щоб мати конкурентні переваги, кожна організація має чітко вибудувати власні компетенції (в тому числі крос-культурні) та відповідні стандарти компетенції персоналу. Тому теоретичний підхід до формування крос-культурних компетенцій персоналу, викладений у матеріалі, сприятиме менеджменту організацій, які функціонують в сегментах глобального ринку, у формуванні їх власних стандартів діяльності. У статті розглядаються питання методології та основних понять лінгвокультурології, як науки, яка присвячена вивченню картини світу в національному аспекті, свідомості мовної особистості, ментально-лінгвальні особливості; категорійний апарат якої пропонується використовувати для реалізації заходів міжкультурної комунікації, враховуючи сучасний стан міграційних процесів.
ДОСТУПНЕ МИСТЕЦТВО: ІНКЛЮЗИВНІ ТВОРЧІ ІНІЦІАТИВИ У М. ІВАНО-ФРАНКІВСЬКУ
Authors: Чмелик Ірина Василівна
Published: March 2024

У статті розглядаються візуальні мистецькі проєкти творчої спільноти м.Івано-Франківська, головною метою яких є долучення до мистецтва людей з інвалідністю. У цій царині низка ініціатив належить викладачам кафедри дизайну і теорії мистецтва Прикарпатського національного університету імені Василя Стефаника. Авторка акцентує, що серед пріоритетних векторів діяльності як викладачів так і студентів кафедри є створення належних умов для комфортного існування людей з особливими потребами, соціальна адаптація людей з інвалідністю засобами мистецтва, розкриття їхнього творчого потенціалу, а також розширення можливостей вивчення скарбів світового та національного мистецтва людей з частковою чи повною втратою зору. Мета роботи: розкрити головні вектори інклюзивної діяльності та соціально значущих ініціатив творчої спільноти міста Івано-Франківська, зокрема, висвітлити здобутки у цьому напрямку кафедри дизайну і теорії мистецтва Прикарпатського національного університету імені Василя Стефаника. Для реалізації цих завдань на кафедрі створений «Центр дослідження стратегій універсального дизайну». Діяльність кафедри дизайну і теорії мистецтва та центру полягає, зокрема, у налагодженні співпраці з культурними та громадськими інституціями регіону та спільній роботі над соціально важливими проєктами, у залученні здобувачів ЗВО до створення проєктів безбар’єрного простору в місті та області, у долученні людей з інвалідністю до культурної спадщини, у проведенні виставок, творчих занять та майстер-класів, організації виставок людей з інвалідністю, а також благодійних акцій. Наголошується, що нині у фокусі уваги творчої та наукової спільноти міста є проблеми людей з інвалідністю, і серед актуальних завдань є створення комфортних умов перебування, переміщення та дозвілля для людей з особливими потребами, яких через російську агресію, на жаль, ставатиме дедалі більше. Авторка звертає увагу також на те, що донесення до широкого загалу вищезазначених проблем, як і висвітлення вже напрацьованих здобутків має відбуватися інтенсивніше через ЗМІ і соціальні мережі.
ANALISIS PENENTUAN NISBAH BAGI HASIL TERHADAP PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH DI USPPS BMT MAWADDAH
Authors: Tarmidzi Anas Achmad , Zainal Arifin Moh. , Sulistia Heni
Published: March 2024

Fokus penelitian yang diteliti dalam tugas akhir ini adalah analisis penentuan nisbah bagi hasil terhadap pembiayaan mudharabah di USPPS BMT Mawaddah Dalam penelitian ini peneliti mengunakan penelitian kualitatif, yaitu mendeskripsikan data yang diperoleh dari lapangan yang mengenai permasalahan penelitian diatas. Dan menjawab permasalahan diatas penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang dimaksud untuk menggambarkan atau meringkas berbagai kondidi, situasi atau femomena sebagaimana adanya pada saat penelitian dilakukan, yaitu meringkas data tentang analisis penentuan nisbah bagi hasil terhadap pembiayaan mudharabah di USPPS BMT Mawaddah Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitan ini menggunakan interview (wawancara), observasi, dan metode studi pustaka. Penelitian ini mengimplikasi bahwa analisis penentuan nisbah bagi hasil terhadap pembiayaan mudharabah di USPPS BMT Mawaddah, yaitu: Bank Pembiayaan Syariah Al-Falah Banyusin Palembang tidak mudah memberikan pinjaman kepada nasabah. Hal ini dikarenakan bank tidak menginginkan terjadinya kegiatan yang akan ditanggung oleh bank. Dalam pembiayaan mudharabah besarnya keuntungan ditetapkan berdasarkan kesepakatan bersama antara pihak bank dengan nasabah yang disebut bagi hasil.
POLA PEMASARAN PRODUK DI BANK BRI SYARIAH CABANG PAMEKASAN
Authors: Bahri Mat
Published: March 2024

Ada dua permasalahan yang menjadi fokus penelitian, yaitu; pertama,bagaimana pola pemasaran produk yang di terapkan di Bank BRI Syariah Cabang Pamekasan.? Kedua, apa pola pemasaran yang efektif di Bank BRI Syariah Cabang Pamekasan.? Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian studi kasus dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber datanya adalah ketua pimpinan cabang, manajer marketing, customer service, dan nasabah. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis datanya adalah metode analisis deskriptif-kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh temuan bahwa: pertama, pola pemasaran produk di Bank BRI Syariah adalah:  seluruh proses dimulai dari analisis pasar mengantarkan  produk ke pelanggan dan menerima umpan balik. Prosesnya bertujuan untuk mengetahui pasar yang tepat bagi produk dan penempatannya  sedemikian rupa sehingga mendapat respon pelanggan yang baik. Ini mencakup promosi dan penjualan produk ke khalayak sasarannya, yaitu calon pembeli dan pelanggan tetap. Berbagai aktifitas yang terlihat dalam pemasaran produk melibatkan analisis pasar, identifikasi permintaan konsumen, perancangan dan pengembangan produk, penetapan harga, penerapan produk baru, komunikasi, periklanan, penentuan posisi, pendistribusian, penjualan, review dan umpan balik. Kedua, Efektivitas pemasaran yang efektif di Bank BRI Syariah Cabang Pamekasan adalah: perkembangannya cukup baik, mengingat indikator penghargaan yang diraih di ukur dari kinerja keuangan atau perolehan laba perusahaan selama 3 tahun terakhir. Tidak perlu di tanyakan lagi bahwa mengamati seorang pemasar melakukan suatu perilaku yang sering meningkatkan kemungkinan bahwa si pengamat melakukan perintah tersebut. Telah tertulis dalam literatur ekonomi bahwa berbagai situasi pemasaran akan efektif mengubah sebuah pasar.
Development of Green Energy in Modern Transformational Conditions
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Shkvarylyuk Marta V.
Published: March 2024

The aim of the article is to form the scientific and theoretical basis for the introduction of green energy and systematize the scientific and practical foundations for ensuring energy security in the transition to the effective use of green energy technologies. According to the results of the carried out study, it is proved that energy is the basis for the development of human civilization, the most important factor in the production and maintenance of life in modern transformational conditions. It is the active development of the energy industry sector that provides resources for all energy and temperature processes of production, information and management activities and the dynamic functioning of the social sphere of society, as well as forms the main flows of world trade and integrates international relations. The energy industry is associated with significant challenges and threats that call into question its ability to continue to meet the basic criteria of sustainable energy supply, namely: sufficiency, affordability, efficiency, and ecology. The predictable maturation of the energy crisis in the modern world has a long-term and structural nature, which forms the financial, economic and environmental crises. Therefore, there is a need to search for alternative energy sources that will have a low level of negative impact on the environmental component of society development and simultaneously increase the socioeconomic level. The article specifies that green energy can be defined as a key element of the strategy for building an optimal configuration of a balanced system of correspondence between environmental and economic factors and the transition to sustainable development of society. It is determined that consideration of economic aspects and financial support, technical challenges, the role of government and public-private partnerships, as well as the impact on small and medium-sized enterprises provides a full range of information for understanding the ways of development of green energy in the economic and social contexts. Taking into account these aspects will allow us to build effective strategies for sustainable and balanced development of the green energy sector.
اثر استخدام تطبيقات التحليل البايوميكانيكي في تصحيح والتطوير الاداء المهاري لحركة الطعن بسلاح الشيش للمبارزة
Authors: Assis  prof .Dr. Serco Muhammad Saleh
Published: March 2024

ان استعمال الوسائل والاجهزة الحديثة تحرر الطالب او المتعلم  من الاساليب المتبعة فضلاً عن الاقتصاد الكبير في الجهد والوقت تماشياً مع سرعة العصر ، ويعد البرمجيات التحليلية احد هذه التقنيات التي يسعى المعلم الى استعمالها في العملية التعليمية في مجالات كافة ومنها مجالنا الرياضي،والهدف من الدراسة، التعرف على بعض المتغيرات البايوكينماتيكية لحركة الطعن لدى عينة البحث، التعرف على تاثير برمجيات التحليل الحركي في تعلم و تصحيح بعض الاخطاء مهاري لحركة الطعن لدى عينة البحث،استخدم الباحث منهج  التجريبي لملائمة من طبيعة البحث، يتكون عينة البحث من طالبات مرحلة الرابعة في كلية الترية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة/قسم التربية الاساسية بجامعة السليمانية الذين يدرسون مقرر مادة المبارزة وإجراءات البحث وطرق الحصول على المعلومات، تم استخراج المتغيرات الخاصة بالمهارة الطعن من قبل الباحث عن طريق تطبيق برنامج (kinovea) والذي بعد ان تم تجميع مقاطع التصوير من الكاميرات  هو عبارة عن برنامج خاص في مجال البيوميكانيك الرياضي، وايضا تحميل و استخدام البرمجيات التحليل الحركي من قبل الطالبات، آما في الباب الرابع فقد تم عرض النتائج من خلال جدولين وعرض كتابي ومناقشتها وفي الباب الخامس تم عرض الاستنتاجات وأهمها استخدام التحليل الحركي و استخراج البيانات الوصفية لمهارة الطعن يؤثر تاثيرا اجابيا على تحسين و التطوير اداء مهارة الطعن،و اظهرت النتائج بان استخدام التطبيقات التحليل البايوكينماتيكي يؤثر على تحسين والتطوير مهارة الطعن.
التحليل الحاسوبي للنمو الحركي (المشي) على وفق بعض المتغيرات البايوكنماتيكية لأطفال بعمر ٣-٤ سنوات
Authors: Teacher .Dr. Farid Fouad Rasheed
Published: March 2024

الملخص  

        ان عملية تطور النمو والمشي للطفل حتى الوصول الى سن البلوغ هي عملية ديناميكية مستمرة يتعرض لها الطفل خلال حياته فتحصل مجموعة من التغيرات المهمة منها معدل سرعة النمو وتطور القدرات الحركية والبدنية الخاصة بنوع النشاط الرياضي الممارس, فمشكلة البحث تضمنت مناقشة الانماط الحركية للطفل بنمط حركة المشي كنموذج متاح للملاحظة والمعالجة الحركية ,حيث يتضمن النموذج الكامل للمشي (متوسط زمن ارتكاز القدمين اثناء المشي ,متوسط زمن الخطوة للقدمين ,متوسط زمن المرجحة للقدمين , متوسط طول الخطوة للقدمين), اما منهجية البحث واجراءاته تتكون عينة البحث من (35 ) طفل بأعمار (3-4) سنوات من روضة (قطر الندى الاهلية) وهي نفس عينة المجتمع البحثي, فقد تم اختيارها بالطريقة العمدية لعدد المحاولات الصحيحة في المشي وفقا للشروط التي وضعها الباحث وهي (المحافظة على خصائص المشي لاكبر عدد من السرعات وعدم الانتقال مبكرا الى حركة .

تم تقسيم عينة البحث الى مجموعتين مجموعة بعمر (3 سنوات)  واخرى بعمر (4 سنوات ) حيث تم تحليل( 8 محاولات لكل عمر ) .  .واستنتج الباحث امكانية التعرف على المستوى الكمي لدينامكية تطور حركة المشي لدى الاطفال بعمر (3-4) سنوات مع امكانية التعرف على المستوى الكيفي لحركة المشي.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Daeo dalam Memanfaatkan Limbah Produksi Tuna Loin menjadi Produk Inovatif
Authors: Nur Rinto Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra adalah kurangnya pemahaman tentang manajemen usaha dan pengetahuan tentang pengolahan produk hasil perikanan sampingan menjadi produk bernilai ekonomis. Tujuan dilakukan kegiatan ini adalah memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengolah produk perikanan. Selain itu, juga diharapkan akan terbentuk unit usaha baru yang bergerak di bidang pengolahan hasil perikanan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan di Desa Daeo Majiko pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2023. Tahapan kegiatan PKM ini meliputi survey dan persiapan, sosialisasi program PKM, sosialisasi dan pelatihan pengolahan limbah tuna loin, sosialisasi dan pendampingan manajemenusaha, penyerahan alat, serta evaluasi. Produk yang diajarkan kepada mitra adalah nugget, bakso dan stick. Dari hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini diperoleh bahwa terdapat kebermanfaatan bagi masyarakat Desa Daeo (mitra). Mitra dapat menerima dengan baik materi yang disampaikan oleh tim PKM serta mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan dengan senang hati dan serius. Dari hasil evaluasi, tingkat pemahaman mitra tentang pengolahan produk perikanan meningkat. Mitra juga menyatakan akan membentuk usaha karena karena tempat tinggal mereka bersebelahan dengan sekolah, sehingga mitra membaca adanya peluang pasar
Sorafenib vs. Lenvatinib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after atezolizumab/bevacizumab failure: A real-world study
Authors: Chon Young Eun , Kim Dong Yun , Kim Mi Na , Kim Beom Kyung , Kim Seung Up , Park Jun Yong , Ahn Sang Hoon , Ha Yeonjung , Lee Joo Ho , Lee Kwan Sik , Kang Beodeul , Kim Jung Sun , Chon Hong Jae , Kim Do Young
Published: March 2024

Background/Aims: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (ATE+BEV) therapy has become the recommended first-line therapy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) because of favorable treatment responses. However, there is a lack of data on sequential regimens after ATE+BEV treatment failure. We aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced HCC who received subsequent systemic therapy for disease progression after ATE+BEV.Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included patients who started second-line systemic treatment with sorafenib or lenvatinib after HCC progressed on ATE+BEV between August 2019 and December 2022. Treatment response was assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (version 1.1.). Clinical features of the two groups were balanced through propensity score (PS) matching.Results: This study enrolled 126 patients, 40 (31.7%) in the lenvatinib group, and 86 (68.3%) in the sorafenib group. The median age was 63 years, and males were predominant (88.1%). In PS-matched cohorts (36 patients in each group), the objective response rate was similar between the lenvatinib- and sorafenib-treated groups (5.6% vs. 8.3%; P=0.643), but the disease control rate was superior in the lenvatinib group (66.7% vs. 22.2%; P<0.001). Despite the superior progression- free survival (PFS) in the lenvatinib group (3.5 vs. 1.8 months, P=0.001), the overall survival (OS, 10.3 vs. 7.5 months, P=0.353) did not differ between the two PS-matched treatment groups.Conclusions: In second-line therapy for unresectable HCC after ATE+BEV failure, lenvatinib showed better PFS and comparable OS to sorafenib in a real-world setting. Future studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are needed to optimize second-line treatment.
A Novel Frontier in the Geographic Distribution of the Japanese Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867) (Stichopodidae: Holothuroidea) in the World
Authors: Aydın Mehmet , Karadurmuş Uğur , Karhan Selahattin Ünsal , Yokeş Mehmet Baki
Published: March 2024

The natural distribution of the Japanese sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka, 1867), a sea cucumber species, is characterized by the Northwest Pacific. Long-term monitoring studies from 2020 to 2024 document a significant deviation from the known natural distribution of A. japonicus and its ability to extensively colonize the Gulf of Izmit, the easternmost part of the Sea of Marmara. This record is also the first documentation of the species from the Mediterranean Sea. Population data extracted from 67 samples allowed the determination of size and weight distribution, length-weight relationship, and condition factor. The study delves into the implications for fisheries management by evaluating the species’ dispersion beyond its natural range and its adaptation, shedding light on potential threats from illegal hookah diving fisheries. While its presence offers potential economic benefits through fishing income, its emergence as an invasive species can pose critical ecological risks to the receiving ecosystem.
Measures Taken by Nurses to Protect Themselves from the Covid-19 Virus and Methods They Use to Cope with Stress
Authors: Fırat Ayşe Nur , Nehir Sevgi
Published: March 2024

Objective: In the present study, the aim was to determine the measures taken by nurses to protect themselves from the COVID-19, and methods they use to cope with stress. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with 237 nurses working in Manisa City Hospital, located in Manisa, between August 2020 and March 2021. Data were collected with the Nurse Information Form, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Ways of Coping with Stress Questionnaire. In the analysis of the data, numbers, percentage distribution, Mann Whitney u test, Kruskal Wallis test and Spearman correlation analysis were used. Results: Protective equipment used most by the nurses while they gave care to patients with COVID-19 were gloves (96.6%), masks (95.3%) and N95 masks (90.7%). Among the issues that caused the nurses to have stress most were the fear of transmitting viruses to their families or immediate circles, and experiencing physical or psychological disorders. The mean score the nurses obtained from the overall Perceived Stress Scale was 30.36±5.63. The mean scores the nurses obtained from the sub-dimensions of the Ways of Coping with Stress Questionnaire were as follows: Self-confident approach sub-dimension: 19.83±3.44, optimistic approach sub-dimension: 13.99±2.37, desperate approach sub-dimension: 18.23±4.15, submissive approach sub-dimension: 12.89±2.98 and seeking social support sub-dimension: 10.83±1.97. Conclusion: In our study, the majority of the nurses felt stressed during the COVID-19 pandemic. They were not competent enough to use the methods of coping with stress. Health institutions should reduce the stress on nurses and provide support to motivate them to work keenly.
Kinematic analysis of an unrestrained passenger in an autonomous vehicle during emergency braking
Authors: Santos-Cuadros Silvia , Page del Pozo Álvaro , Álvarez-Caldas Carolina , San Román García José Luis
Published: March 2024

Analyzing human body movement is a critical aspect of biomechanical studies in road safety. While most studies have traditionally focused on assessing the head-neck system due to the restraint provided by seat belts, it is essential to examine the entire pelvis-thorax-head kinematic chain when these body regions are free to move. The absence of restraint systems is prevalent in public transport and is also being considered for future integration into autonomous vehicles operating at low speeds. This article presents an experimental study examining the movement of the pelvis, thorax and head of 18 passengers seated without seat belts during emergency braking in an autonomous bus. The movement was recorded using a video analysis system capturing 100 frames per second. Reflective markers were placed on the knee, pelvis, lumbar region, thorax, neck and head, enabling precise measurement of the movement of each body segment and the joints of the lumbar and cervical spine. Various kinematic variables, including angles, displacements, angular velocities and accelerations, were measured. The results delineate distinct phases of body movement during braking and elucidate the coordination and sequentiality of pelvis, thorax and head rotation. Additionally, the study reveals correlations between pelvic rotation, lumbar flexion, and vertical trunk movement, shedding light on their potential impact on neck compression. Notably, it is observed that the elevation of the C7 vertebra is more closely linked to pelvic tilt than lumbar flexion. Furthermore, the study identifies that the maximum angular acceleration of the head and the maximum tangential force occur during the trunk’s rebound against the seatback once the vehicle comes to a complete stop. However, these forces are found to be insufficient to cause neck injury. While this study serves as a preliminary investigation, its findings underscore the need to incorporate complete trunk kinematics, particularly of the pelvis, into braking and impact studies, rather than solely focusing on the head-neck system, as is common in most research endeavors.
PIV-MyoMonitor: an accessible particle image velocimetry-based software tool for advanced contractility assessment of cardiac organoids
Authors: Lee Hoyeon , Kim Boyoung , Yun Jiyue , Bae Jinseung , Park Sungsu , Jeon Junseok , Jang Hye Ryoun , Lee Jaecheol , Lee Soah
Published: March 2024

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiac organoids offer a versatile platform for personalized cardiac toxicity assessment, drug screening, disease modeling, and regenerative therapies. While previous image-based contractility analysis techniques allowed the assessment of contractility of two-dimensional cardiac models, they face limitations, including encountering high noise levels when applied to three-dimensional organoid models and requiring expensive equipment. Additionally, they offer fewer functional parameters compared to commercial software. To address these challenges, we developed an open-source, particle image velocimetry-based software (PIV-MyoMonitor) and demonstrated its capacity for accurate contractility analysis in both two- and three-dimensional cardiac models using standard lab equipment. Comparisons with four other open-source software programs highlighted the capability of PIV-MyoMonitor for more comprehensive quantitative analysis, providing 22 functional parameters and enhanced video outputs. We showcased its applicability in drug screening by characterizing the response of cardiac organoids to a known isotropic drug, isoprenaline. In sum, PIV-MyoMonitor enables reliable contractility assessment across various cardiac models without costly equipment or software. We believe this software will benefit a broader scientific community.
The interplay between HPV, other Sexually Transmissible Infections and genital microbiome on cervical microenvironment (MicroCervixHPV study)
Authors: Gonçalves-Nobre J. Guilherme , Matos Andreia , Carreira Mariana , Santos Ana Carolina , Veiga Luisa Carvalho , Ginete Catarina , Brito Miguel , Pires Marina , Pereira Hermínia , Cardoso Carlos , Bicho Manuel , Bicho Maria Clara
Published: March 2024

Background

The importance of Cervicovaginal Microbiota in protecting against infections (such as HPV) is already well established, namely through Lactobacillus spp., as well as the mechanism through which HPV leads to Cervical Neoplasia. However, it is not possible to classify HPV as a complete carcinogen. Thus, the importance of exploring Cervicovaginal dysbiosis with the intention of deciphering this interaction with HPV, takes on greater relevance. The main objectives of this study were: 1) Comparison of the MCV composition of women with or without HPV and women with ASCUS or LSIL; 2) Characterization of cytokines present in the vaginal microenvironment; 3) Evaluation of the blood count ratios as prognostic systemic inflammatory biomarkers; 4) Correlation between MCV, HPV serotypes and cytokines.

Methods

This was a retrospective, observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study. CVM analysis was performed by isolation RNA and sequencing on a NGS platform. Cytokine concentrations of CVM were obtained through Multiplex platform. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS v 26.0. An α of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Highlighting the core of the study, CVM types of CST I and CST IV were found to influence the emergence of cervical lesions. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio was found to impact the prognosis of ASCUS. Within CVM, Lactobacillus prevent the growth of other CST IV species, while the latter express symbiotic relationships with each other and show affinity for specific HPV serotypes. At last, RANTES chemokine is significantly elevated in cervicovaginal infections.

Conclusion

The importance of using vaginal cytokine profiles and CVM is highlighted in the hypothesis of prevention of Cervical Neoplasia development, as well as in its use as a prognostic biomarker. Taken together, these insights are one step closer to personalized medicine.
Alteration in gut microbiota is associated with immune imbalance in Graves’ disease
Authors: Liu Yalei , Tang Shasha , Feng Yu , Xue Binghua , Cheng Chaofei , Su Yong , Wei Wei , Zhang Lijun , Huang Zhoufeng , Shi Xiaoyang , Fang Yuanyuan , Yang Junpeng , Zhang Yun , Deng Xinru , Wang Limin , Ren Hongyan , Wang Chongjian , Yuan Huijuan
Published: March 2024

Background

Graves’ disease (GD), characterized by immune aberration, is associated with gut dysbiosis. Despite the growing interest, substantial evidence detailing the precise impact of gut microbiota on GD’s autoimmune processes remains exceedingly rare.

Objective

This study was designed to investigate the influence of gut microbiota on immune dysregulation in GD.

Methods

It encompassed 52 GD patients and 45 healthy controls (HCs), employing flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to examine lymphocyte and cytokine profiles, alongside lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Gut microbiota profiles and metabolic features were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and targeted metabolomics.

Results

Our observations revealed a disturbed B-cell distribution and elevated LPS and pro-inflammatory cytokines in GD patients compared to HCs. Significant differences in gut microbiota composition and a marked deficit in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including ASV263(Bacteroides), ASV1451(Dialister), and ASV503(Coprococcus), were observed in GD patients. These specific bacteria and SCFAs showed correlations with thyroid autoantibodies, B-cell subsets, and cytokine levels. In vitro studies further showed that LPS notably caused B-cell subsets imbalance, reducing conventional memory B cells while increasing naïve B cells. Additionally, acetate combined with propionate and butyrate showcased immunoregulatory functions, diminishing cytokine production in LPS-stimulated cells.

Conclusion

Overall, our results highlight the role of gut dysbiosis in contributing to immune dysregulation in GD by affecting lymphocyte status and cytokine production.
Clinical efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiong Shi-Ying , Wu Gui-Sheng , Li Chun , Ma Wenzhe , Luo Huai-Rong
Published: March 2024

Objective

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a liver damage disease caused by long-term heavy drinking. Currently, there is no targeted pharmaceutical intervention available for the treatment of this disease. To address this, this paper evaluates the efficacy and safety of probiotic preparation in treating ALD through conducting a meta-analysis, and provides a valuable insight for clinical decision-making.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted across databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and CBM from the inception dates to October 15, 2023, to identify clinical randomized controlled trials on probiotic preparations in the treatment of ALD. After the literature underwent screening, data extraction, and quality assessment, RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.2 were employed for data analysis and processing.

Results

A total of 9 randomized controlled trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that probiotic preparation could significantly improve the liver function of patients with alcoholic liver disease compared with the control group. Probiotic intervention led to a significant reduction in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (MD=-13.36,95%CI:-15.80,-10.91;P<0.00001),aspartate aminotransferase (MD=-16.99,95%CI:-20.38,-13.59;P<0.00001),γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (MD=-18.79,95% CI:-28.23,-9.34; P<0.0001). Concurrently, the level of serum albumin (MD=0.19,95% CI:0.02,0.36;P=0.03) was increased. Furthermore, probiotic intervention could also modulate the composition of intestinal flora in patients with alcoholic liver disease, leading to an augmentation in Bifidobacteria and a reduction in Escherichia coli. However, in patients with alcoholic liver disease, probiotic intervention showed no significant effects on total bilirubin (MD=-0.01,95% CI:-0.17,0.15;P=0.91), tumor necrosis factor-α (MD=0.03,95% CI:-0.86,0.92;P=0.94) and interleukin-6 (MD=-5.3,95% CI:-16.04,5.45;P=0.33).

Conclusion

The meta-analysis indicates that probiotics can improve liver function in alcoholic liver disease, reduce inflammatory responses, regulate intestinal flora, which have potential value in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023472527.
Teacher perceptions of parent collaboration in multi-ethnic ECEC settings
Authors: Ovati Tone S. R. , Rydland Veslemøy , Grøver Vibeke , Lekhal Ratib
Published: March 2024

Introduction

For teachers working in multi-ethnic early childhood education and care settings, a strong collaboration with parents may be an important mechanism for supporting young children's language development. However, little research has investigated how teachers perceive their communication with parents from diverse backgrounds and what centre-level factors predict the quality of teacher-parent collaboration.

Methods

This study sought to explore teacher-parent collaboration within early childhood education and care in urban multi-ethnic areas of Norway, using survey data from 266 teachers across 56 centres and 198 classrooms. We examined whether teacher characteristics (education, experience and self-efficacy) and centre linguistic diversity were related to teacher perceived communication with parents regarding ways of supporting children's dual language development and teacher experienced challenges in parent collaboration.

Results

Results revealed that teachers with higher self-efficacy communicated more with parents and experienced less challenges in collaboration with them. Furthermore, more experienced teachers working in more linguistically diverse centres identified more challenges in parent collaboration, while these characteristics were not related to communication. Teacher education was not associated with communication nor challenges in parent collaboration.

Discussion

Our results indicate that professional development measures targeted at strengthening teacher self-efficacy might be an important mechanism to promote parent collaboration, particularly in multi-ethnic education settings.
Cushing’s syndrome during pregnancy - two case reports
Authors: Cholekho Sumita , Liu Yuke , Tan Huiwen
Published: March 2024

Background

Cushing’s syndrome (CS) during pregnancy is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by hypercortisolism, which is significantly associated with maternal-fetal complications. Despite its rarity, CS during pregnancy may be related to a high risk of complications for both the mother and fetus.The aim of the present case study is to update the diagnostic approach to CS during pregnancy and the therapeutic strategies for this medical condition to minimize maternal-fetal complications.

Methods

Here, we present two cases of CS in pregnant women, one of whom had twins. Typical clinical symptoms and signs of hypercortisolism developed at the beginning of pregnancy. The plasma cortisol diurnal rhythm of the pregnant patient was absent. CS was confirmed by cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) assessment, as well as imaging examination. We investigated the changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during normal pregnancy and the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of CS during pregnancy.

Conclusion

Due to the associated risks of laparoscopic adrenalectomy,it is uncertain whether this treatment significantly decreases overall maternal mortality. Additional observational research and validation through randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are required. We advise that CS in pregnant women be diagnosed and treated by experienced teams in relevant departments and medical centers.
Enhancing environmental management through big data: spatial analysis of urban ecological governance and big data development
Authors: Lei Yunliang
Published: March 2024

Introduction: This research focuses on exploring the impact of Big Data Development (BDD) on Urban Ecological Governance Performance (EGP), with a particular emphasis on environmental dimensions within and among various regions. It aims to understand the complex interplay between technological advancements, urbanization, and environmental management in the context of urban ecological governance.

Methods: Employing the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM), the study rigorously investigates the effects of BDD on EGP. It also examines the mediating role of Industrial Structure Level (ISL) and the moderating effects of both Level of Technological Investment (LTI) and Urbanization Level (URB), to provide a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing urban ecological governance.

Results: The findings reveal that big data significantly strengthens urban ecological governance, characterized by pronounced spatial spillover effects, indicating interregional interdependence in environmental management. Urbanization level notably amplifies the influence of BDD on EGP, whereas the magnitude of technological investments does not show a similar effect. Moreover, the industrial structure acts as a partial mediator in the relationship between BDD and EGP, with this mediating role demonstrating variability across different regions.

Discussion: The research highlights the critical role of big data in enhancing urban ecological governance, particularly in terms of environmental aspects. It underscores the importance of technological advancements and urbanization in augmenting the effectiveness of ecological governance. The variability of the mediating role of industrial structure across regions suggests the need for tailored strategies in implementing big data initiatives for environmental management.
Research progress on the synergies between heat waves and canopy urban heat island and their driving factors
Authors: Shi Tao , Liu Lei , Wen XiangCheng , Qi Ping
Published: March 2024

Under the background of global warming and accelerating urbanization, the interaction between heat waves (HWs) and canopy urban heat island (CUHI) has become one of the focuses in the field of global climate change research. This paper comprehensively reviewed and summarized the research process on the synergies of HWs and CUHI and their influencing mechanism. The coupling effect between HWs and CUHI remains debated, which may be related to the use of different standards to define heat wave events. The spatiotemporal differences in the synergies between HWs and CUHI was also influenced by climate background and local circulation. For instance, scholars have reached different conclusions regarding the stronger synergistic effect between daytime and nighttime in cities with different climate backgrounds. In addition, the modulation of urban morphological structure to the synergies between HWs and CUHI cannot be ignored. In the future, it is necessary to adopt different definitions of HWs to systematically study the formation mechanism of urban excess warming from different climatic backgrounds, local circulation conditions, and urban morphologies.
LncRNA-mediated ceRNA network reveals the mechanism of action of Saorilao-4 decoction against pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Fu Xinyue , Song Xinni , Niu Shufang , Shi Songli , Chang Hong , Qi Jun , Wang Peng , Bai Wanfu
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF), a type of interstitial pneumonia with complex etiology and high mortality, is characterized by progressive scarring of the alveolar interstitium and myofibroblastic lesions. In this study, we screened for potential biomarkers in PF and clarified the role of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network in the inhibitory effect of SRL-4 on PF.

Methods: Healthy male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, namely, CON, MOD, and SRL-4. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed to determine the biological functions of the target genes. A visualized lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed using Cytoscape, while key genes in the network were identified using the cytoNCA plugin.

Results: Seventy-four differentially expressed lncRNAs and 118 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the target genes were mainly enriched in the cell membrane and in response to organic substances, while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the target genes were mainly enriched in the AMPK, PPAR, and cAMP signaling pathways. We elucidated a ceRNA axis, namely, Plcd3-OT1/rno-miR-150-3p/Fkbp5, with potential implications in PF. Key genes, such as AABR07051308.1-201, F2rl2-OT1, and LINC3337, may be important targets for the treatment of PF, while the AMPK, PPAR, and cAMP signaling pathways are potential key targets and important pathways through which SRL-4 mitigates PF.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SRL-4 improves PF by regulating the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network.
MHCII-peptide presentation: an assessment of the state-of-the-art prediction methods
Authors: Yang Yaqing , Wei Zhonghui , Cia Gabriel , Song Xixi , Pucci Fabrizio , Rooman Marianne , Xue Fuzhong , Hou Qingzhen
Published: March 2024

Major histocompatibility complex Class II (MHCII) proteins initiate and regulate immune responses by presentation of antigenic peptides to CD4+ T-cells and self-restriction. The interactions between MHCII and peptides determine the specificity of the immune response and are crucial in immunotherapy and cancer vaccine design. With the ever-increasing amount of MHCII-peptide binding data available, many computational approaches have been developed for MHCII-peptide interaction prediction over the last decade. There is thus an urgent need to provide an up-to-date overview and assessment of these newly developed computational methods. To benchmark the prediction performance of these methods, we constructed an independent dataset containing binding and non-binding peptides to 20 human MHCII protein allotypes from the Immune Epitope Database, covering DP, DR and DQ alleles. After collecting 11 known predictors up to January 2022, we evaluated those available through a webserver or standalone packages on this independent dataset. The benchmarking results show that MixMHC2pred and NetMHCIIpan-4.1 achieve the best performance among all predictors. In general, newly developed methods perform better than older ones due to the rapid expansion of data on which they are trained and the development of deep learning algorithms. Our manuscript not only draws a full picture of the state-of-art of MHCII-peptide binding prediction, but also guides researchers in the choice among the different predictors. More importantly, it will inspire biomedical researchers in both academia and industry for the future developments in this field.
Early host immune responses in a human organoid-derived gallbladder monolayer to Salmonella Typhi strains from patients with acute and chronic infections: a comparative analysis
Authors: Salerno-Goncalves Rosângela , Chen Haiyan , Bafford Andrea C. , Izquierdo Mariana , Hormazábal Juan Carlos , Lagos Rosanna , Tettelin Hervé , D’Mello Adonis , Booth Jayaum S. , Fasano Alessio , Levine Myron M. , Sztein Marcelo B.
Published: March 2024

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), a human-restricted pathogen, invades the host through the gut to cause typhoid fever. Recent calculations of the typhoid fever burden estimated that more than 10 million new typhoid fever cases occur in low and middle-income countries, resulting in 65,400-187,700 deaths yearly. Interestingly, if not antibiotic-treated, upon the resolution of acute disease, 1%-5% of patients become asymptomatic chronic carriers. Chronically infected hosts are not only critical reservoirs of infection that transmit the disease to naive individuals but are also predisposed to developing gallbladder carcinoma. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms involved in the early interactions between gallbladder epithelial cells and S. Typhi remain largely unknown. Based on our previous studies showing that closely related S. Typhi strains elicit distinct innate immune responses, we hypothesized that host molecular pathways activated by S. Typhi strains derived from acutely and chronically infected patients would differ. To test this hypothesis, we used a novel human organoid-derived polarized gallbladder monolayer model, and S. Typhi strains derived from acutely and chronically infected patients. We found that S. Typhi strains derived from acutely and chronically infected patients differentially regulate host mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and S6 transcription factors. These variations might be attributed to differential cytokine signaling, predominantly via TNF-α and IL-6 production and appear to be influenced by the duration the isolate was subjected to selective pressures in the gallbladder. These findings represent a significant leap in understanding the complexities behind chronic S. Typhi infections in the gallbladder and may uncover potential intervention targets.
Role of differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene 2 in immunity
Authors: Li Yujing , Ma Yinan , Liu Yang , Tang Na , Zhang Wenzhu , Huo Jingru , Zhang Di
Published: March 2024

Differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene 2 (DEC2) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) subfamily of transcription factors. DEC2 is implicated in tumor immunotherapy, immune system function regulation, and autoimmune diseases. DEC2 enhances Th2 cell differentiation by regulating the IL-2 and IL-4 signaling pathways and mediates the growth of B-1a cells, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of inflammatory responses. In this study, we review the reported roles of DEC2, including the regulation of immune cell differentiation and cytokine production in various cells in humans, and discuss its potential in treating autoimmune diseases and tumors.