bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mercury-Photosensitized Decomposition of β-Butyrolactone
Authors: Yamamoto Shunzo , Gohda Rinko , Sueishi Yoshimi , Nishimura Norio
Published: July 2006

The mercury-photosensitized decomposition of β-butyrolactone has been investigated at temperatures between 353 and 393 K and pressures from 450 to 13600 Pa. The products were carbon dioxide, propylene, carbon monoxide, propylene oxide, acetone, and acetaldehyde. The yields of these products increased linearly with reaction time and light internsity, while they were independent of the lactone pressure. Three decomposition processes were proposed to explain the formation of the products. The decrease in the quantum yields of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and acetaldehyde observed in the presence of cis-2-butene can be explained by the competitive quenching of the triplet mercury atom by the lactone and cis-2-butene (the quenching efficiency of lactone relative to that of cis-2-butene was estimated to be 0.61). The decrease in the quantum yields of carbon dioxide, propylene, and acetaldehyde by the addition of oxygen can again be explained only by the competitive quenching of the triplet mercury atoms by lactone and oxygen (kQ(lactone)/kQ(oxygen)=1.36). The quantum yields of propylene oxide and acetone, however, decrease more rapidly than predicted for competitive quenching. This indicates the existence of a reaction between oxygen and a biradical, which is a precursor of propylene oxide and acetone.
Dielectric Relaxation and Intermolecular Association for 1-Decanol. Temperature and Dilution Dependences of Monomer and Three Hydrogen-Bonded Species
Authors: Shinomiya Toshiomi
Published: July 2006

The dielectric constants and losses have been measured at frequencies from 1.35 to 4500 MHz for pure 1-decanol at 15–40 °C and for cyclohexane and heptane solutions of 1-decanol at 25°C. The absorption has been resolved into three different Debye-like dispersion regions. The assignments of the three regions were made as follows: the first region being due to a linear hydrogen-bonded chain polymer (C1), the second one to a chain dimer and trimer (C2), and the third one to a free monomer (C3). Four concentrations of these species (C1−3) and a nonpolar cyclic polymer (CR) were evaluated by applying a modified Kirkwood–Fröhlich equation to each dispersion region. Each of the four concentrations indicates a reasonable behavior regarding the temperature and dilution dependences. The C1 decreases and, mainly, the C3 increases as the temperature increases. For cyclohexane and heptane solutions, the C1 decreases rapidly and the CR increases correspondingly with decreasing alcohol concentration. The free energies of activation are 23.2 for the first region, 17.3 for the second region, and 11.9 kJ mol−1 for the third region.
Enhanced Cyclization of N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-N-substituted Dipeptide Methyl Esters with Ammonia
Authors: Kawashiro Katsuhiro , Nishiguchi Kazuhisa , Kurosaka Ikuo
Published: July 2006

Cyclization of N,N′-[N-(benzyloxycarbonyl) (Z)-iminobis(methylenecarbonyl)]bis[glycine] dimethyl ester to the hydantoin derivative took place easily under mild ammonolysis conditions. Replacement of Z by p-methoxy-benzyloxycarbonyl also led to the cyclization. Influence of different substituent groups on the cyclization was studied with some N-Z-dipeptide methyl esters.
CIDEP Study of the Photoreduction of Aromatic Ketones with Alkoxides in Alcohols
Authors: Ohara Keishi , Murai Hisao , Kuwata Keiji
Published: July 2006

The photoreductions of xanthone and benzophenone with alkoxides in several alcohols were studied by observing CIDEP. The total emission spectra, observed after the photoexcitation, were assigned to the ketone anion radicals having TM spin polarization. The dependence of the spectral line width upon alkoxides indicates the existence of a hyperfine interaction between the ketone anion radical and the alkali metal cation, even in the early stage of the photochemical reaction in an alcoholic media. A careful analysis of the spectral pattern leads to the conclusion that the counter radical of the ketone anion interacting as a geminate pair which is responsible for the RPM polarization, is other than a methoxyl radical in these systems.
Shock Tube Studies of the H2–O2 Reaction by Atomic Resonance Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Koike Tohru
Published: July 2006

The increases of O-atoms and of H-atoms in the reaction between H2 and O2 in shock waves were measured over the temperature range of 1000–1400 K by atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy. The induction times of the absorptions by these two species were evaluated and computer modeling was carried out to reproduce these values. As one of the initiations of the H2–O2 reaction, H2+O2=H+HO2 was found to play an important role in the progress of the reaction. The rate constant of this reaction was evaluated as: k=4.1×1016 exp(−285 kJ/RT) cm3·mol−1·s−1.
A Model Study of Rhodopsin Regeneration in Visual Cell. Photoisomerization of all-trans Retinal in Phosphatidylcholine Vesicles
Authors: Tanie Hiroshi , Ohba Katsunori , Sakurai Minoru , Inoue Yoshio , Chûjô Riichiro
Published: July 2006

The photochemical behavior has been investigated for all-trans retinal in egg york phosphatidylcholine(EPC) vesicles and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) vesicles. In EPC vesicles, 10% of all-trans isomer is isomerized to 11-cis one upon direct irradiation of 15 W-fluorescence light for 180 min. In organic solvents the photoisomerization of all-trans isomer is induced depending on the dielectric constant of solvent. The distributions of retinal isomers in EPC vesicles is similar to those obtained in less polar solvents, such as diethyl ether. Significant difference is not recognized between the distributions of retinal isomers in DPPC vesicles at the above and below Tc. These results indicate that photoisomerization of retinal in PC vesicles is dominated by the electric properties of enviroment of retinal rather than the packing effect of PC membrane.
Ortho Effects in Organic Molecules on Electron Impact 17-Parallel Oxygen Transfers from Nitro Group to Olefinic Double Bond and Sulfur in α-(o-Nitrophenylthio)cinnamic Acids
Authors: Ramana D V , Sundaram N , George M
Published: July 2006

An oxygen transfer from the nitro group to the olefinic double bond followed by a simple cleavage affords intense fragment corresponding to o-nitrosophenylthio cation at m/z 138 during the mass spectral fragmentations of α-(o-nitrophenylthio)cinnamic acid. Single and double oxygen transfers from the nitro group to sulfur lead to concerted ejections of [SO+CO2] and [SO2+CO2] from the molecular ion of this compound. The mechanisms proposed for these processes are supported by high-resolution data, CID linked scan spectra, D-labelling, and chemical evidence.
The Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Strontium cyclo-Tri-, cyclo-Tetra-, and cyclo-Hexaphosphate
Authors: Takenaka Atsushi , Motooka Itaru , Nariai Hiroyuki
Published: July 2006

Ammonium strontium cyclo-triphosphate Sr(NH4)P3O9·3H2O [P3m], cyclo-tetraphosphate Sr(NH4)2P4O12 [P4m], and cyclo-hexaphosphate Sr2(NH4)2P6O18·7H2O [P6m] were prepared by a wet method. The thermal decomposition of the cydo-phosphates was investigated by means of TG-DTA, HPLC-FIA, X-ray analysis, and IR spectrometry. Streams of humid air and dry nitrogen gas were used to clarify the effect of humidity on the pyrolysis. The decomposition of the ring structure of P3m and P4m was accompanied by the elimination of ammonia. Although P6m lost some of the waters of crystallization without any change in the structure, the ring was cleaved by the release of the other waters of crystallization. Regardless of the cyclo-phosphates, the final crystalline product was β-Sr(PO3)2, with a long-chain anion. The formation of β-Sr(PO3)2 was facilitated by water vapor in the cases of P3m and P6m. Unlike the pyrolysis of (NH4)6P6O18·1.5H2O and (NH4)4P4O12, it was unlikely that P3m, P4m, and P6m were decomposed to produce oligophosphate radicals. They were probably hydrolyzed to oligophosphates; then, polyphosphates were formed by the condensation of the oligophosphates.
The Preparation, Stereochemistry, and Oxidation of 2-Pyridinethiolato Cobalt(III) Complexes, and the Crystal Structure of [Co(2-pyridinethiolato)(en)2](ClO4)2
Authors: Kita Masakazu , Yamanari Kazuaki , Shimura Yoichi
Published: July 2006

A series of mixed complexes [Co(pyt)3−n (diamine)n]n+ (n=0, 1, and 2; pyt=2-pyridinethiolate(1—) and diamine=ethylenediamine, (R)-propylenediamine, or 2,2′-bipyridine) have been prepared and characterized by means of their visible and ultraviolet absorption, circular dichroism, and magnetic circular dichroism spectra. In the [Co(pyt)3] or [Co(pyt)2(diamine)]+ complex, only one geometrical isomer, mer(S) or trans(S) respectively, has been obtained. The [Co(pyt)(en)2](ClO4)2 complex, which was spontaneously resolved, had an orthorhombic space group of P212121, with a=12.406(1), b=12.754(1), c=11.621(4) Å, V=1838.7(6) Å3, and Z=4. The refinement of 2276 reflections (Mo Kα radiation) led to R=0.049. The Co–N bond trans to the pyt sulfur atom was longer by 0.023(11) Å than the cis one. The novel oxidation product [Co(2-pyridinesulfenato-N,S)(en)2]2+ was photochemically converted into the N,O-chelated linkage-isomer [Co(2-pyridinesulfenato-N,O)(en)2]2+ in the solid state, accompanied by ring-expansion from a four- to a five-membered chelate ring.
Association of Some Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Cyclodextrins in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Sanemasa Isao , Takuma Tatsuyoshi , Deguchi Toshio
Published: July 2006

Complex formation using cyclodextrins (CyDs) as hosts and anthracene, phenanthrene, and naphthacene as guests has been studied in aqueous medium at 25 °C by measuring the guest volatilization rate. The results obtained are compared with those previously determined for benzene and naphthalene. Factors governing the host–guest association are discussed based on the dehydration energy of the guest derived from the Henry’s law constant. It was suggested that van der Waals force is the main factor to stabilize the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the CyD cavity and that the contribution of hydrophobic interaction is less important. The additional van der Waals stabilization does not work fully for naphthacene of the longest molecular axis among the guests studied.
Facial–Meridional Isomerization of Some Tris(β-diketonato)ruthenium(III) Complexes
Authors: Kobayashi Kyohko , Satsu Yuichi , Hoshino Yoshimasa , Arai Shinji , Hatakeyama Kiyoshi , Endo Akira , Shimizu Kunio , P. Satô Gen
Published: July 2006

Nine complexes of type [RuII(R–CO–CH–CO–R′)3] were examined; only those with R=–CF3 underwent the facial–meridional isomerization in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at the reflux temperature. Qualitative examination of the occurrence of isomerization of the complex with R=–CF3 and R′=–CH3 in various solvents supports the presence of solvent-assisted bond-rupture mechanisms. This complex did not isomerize photochemically in acetonitrile. The isomerization of four complexes with R=–CF3 and R′=–CH3, –C2H5, –CH-(CH3)2, and –C(CH3)3 in DMF at 70–100 °C followed the reversible first-order kinetics. The equilibrium constants, which were temperature independent, decreased from 4.27 to 1.74 in the order cited above. The enthalpies of activation, ranging from 66.4 kJ mol−1 (R′=–CH(CH3)2) to 96.0 kJ mol−1 (R′=–CH3), depended linearly on the atomic bond populations of the Ru–O bonds calculated by means of a modified extended Hückel method.
Ortho Effects in Organic Molecules on Electron Impact. 20. Parallel Oxygen Transfers from Nitro Group to Sulfur and Acetylenic Triple Bond in 3-(o-Nitrophenylthio)-1-propynes
Authors: Ramana DV , Rama Krishna N V S
Published: July 2006

Oxygen transfers from nitro group to both the sulfur and acetylenic triple bond are noticed in parallel fragmentation pathways during the electron impact induced decompositions of 3-(o-nitrophenylthio)-1-propynes. Single oxygen transfer from nitro group to sulfur leads to abundant ions corresponding to o-nitrosobenzenesulfinyl cation and [M–SO]+· while a concerted double oxygen transfer to sulfur followed by ejection of SO2 from the rearranged molecular ion affords intense quinoline radical cation. Further, a single oxygen transfer to acetylenic triple bond, followed by a simple cleavage produces intense fragments corresponding to o-nitrosobenzenethiol radical cation at m/z 139 and o-nitrosophenylthio cation at m/z 138. The proposed fragmentation pathways and ion structures are established through high-resolution data, collisioninduced dissociation (CID) mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy (MIKE) spectra, B/E linked scan spectra and chemical substitution.
The Magnetic Properties of Dinuclear Copper(II) 2-Fluoroalkanoates
Authors: Emori Shuji , Kondo Hideki
Published: July 2006

Copper(II) pentafluoropropionate and heptafluorobutyrate adducts with 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydropyran, and tetrahydrofuran have been prepared and characterized by means of magnetic-susceptibility and IR-spectroscopy measurements. The variation in their magnetic moments is discussed in terms of the acidity of the parent acid and the hyperconjugative effect of the fluoroalkyl group.
Selective Lithium Ion Transport through Hollow-Fiber Membrane Containing Easily-Dissociable 14-Crown-4 Derivative
Authors: Sakamoto Hidefumi , Kimura Keiichi , Tanaka Minoru , Shono Toshiyuki
Published: July 2006

A flow-through transport system was fabricated by using a hollow-fiber impregnated with a 14-crown-4 dinitrophenol solution and was found to allow selective Li+ transport.
Extractive Separation and Determination of Lead in Alloys and Environmental Samples
Authors: Raman Bhanu , Shinde V M
Published: July 2006

A method is proposed for the solvent extraction of lead salicylate using triphenylphosphine oxide as an extractant. The optimum extraction conditions were evaluated from a critical study of effects of pH, sodium salicylate concentration and triphenylphosphine oxide concentration. The probable composition of the species has been deduced from log–log plots and the extraction mechanism is suggested. The method has been used to separate lead from commonly associated elements such as copper, nickel, antimony; and also from chromium, iron, and mercury. The method has been further extended to separate and estimate lead in standard alloys, gasoline, and air-borne particulate samples.
Electrogenerated Acid-Catalyzed Michael Reaction of Enol Silyl Ethers and Ketene Silyl Acetals to α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Inokuchi Tsutomu , Kurokawa Yuji , Kusumoto Masahiko , Tanigawa Shinichi , Takagishi Sadahito , Torii Sigeru
Published: July 2006

1,5-Dicarbonyl compounds and their enol silyl ethers were prepared by the reaction of α,β-unsaturated ketones and enol silyl ethers or ketene silyl acetals by using an electrogenerated acid (EG acid) as a catalyst. Similar reaction of 1-trimethylsiloxy-1,3-butadiene with enones produced six-membered adducts as the result of a double-Michael process.
Computer Simulations of Gel Filtration Chromatograms of Rapidly Self-Associating Systems
Authors: Funasaki Noriaki , Hada Sakae , Neya Saburo
Published: July 2006

A computer simulation method for gel filtration chromatography (GFC), based on plate theory and mass action law, is developed for rapidly self-associating systems and compared with asymptotic theory. For ovalbumin, a non-associable protein, whose elution volume increases linearly with increasing concentration, the leading boundary is predicted to be broader than the trailing. Computer simulations are used to estimate the aggregation numbers and the equilibrium constants for dimerization of carbonylhemoglobin and hexamerization of α-chymotrypsin. The concentration, Cmin, at the plateau region of the trailing boundary is shown to be close to cmc by asymptotic theory. The present computer simulation and derivative GFC patterns serve to estimate monomer concentration and micellar size of surfactants from analysis of GFC data.
Cobalt(III) Complexes with Quadridentate Ligands. X. The Preparation and Properties of Isomers of the Salicylaldehydato(quadridentate amine)cobalt(III) Complexes
Authors: Toyota Eiko , Yamamoto Yoshihisa
Published: July 2006

In a recent study, t- and p-salicylaldehydato[tris(2-aminoethyl)amine]cobalt(III) complexes, t- and p-[Co(salad)tren]Cl2·H2O, and cis-β1- and β2-RR,SS-salicylaldehydato(quadridentate amine)cobalt(III) complexes, cis-β1- and β2-RR,SS-[Co(salad)L]Cl2·nH2O (L: 2,3,2-tet; 3,2,3-tet), have been obtained from a reaction mixture of [CoCl2L]Cl·nH2O (L: tren; 2,3,2-tet; 3,2,3-tet), Ag2O, and salicylaldehyde. Two isomers were separated for each complex by SP-Sephadex C-25 column chromatography. The formation ratio of t- to p-isomers was ca. 1:3. The t- and p-configurations have been established by their absorption and 1H NMR spectra. On the other hand, the formation ratio of cis-β1 to β2-RR,SS-isomers was ca. 1:1 for both L=2,3,2-tet and 3,2,3-tet ligands. Their configurations have been established by their IR, absorption, and NMR spectra. The corresponding cis-α-isomer could not be obtained. Isomerization between t- and p-isomers or cis-β1- and β2-isomers was not observed in water at room temperature. The formation ratio and the absorption spectra of the complexes are different from those of the corresponding salicylato(quadridentate amine)cobalt(III) chloride hydrate, [Co(sal)L]Cl·nH2O (L: tren; 2,3,2-tet; 3,2,3-tet), previously reported. These differences have been attributed to a carbonyl bond between the carbonyl oxygen of the formyl group and a cobalt atom in the complexes.
Solvent Effects on the Formation of Copper(II) Chloro Complexes in Acetonitrile-Dimethyl Sulfoxide Mixtures
Authors: Ishiguro Shin-ichi , Suzuki Honoh , G. Jeliazkova Bojana , Ohtaki Hitoshi
Published: July 2006

Complexation of copper(II) with chloride ions has been calorimetrically and spectrophotometrically studied in various acetonitrile (AN)–dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mixtures at 25 °C. Complexation of copper(II) ion with DMSO as a ligand in AN has also been investigated calorimetrically. It is indicated that the solvent effect on the thermodynamic parameters of the complexation is dominated by two factors, (1) the preferential solvation of copper(II) ion with DMSO that mainly affects the enthalpies, and (2) the change in solvent–solvent interactions in the bulk that strongly affects the corresponding entropies.
Study of Mixed-Valence State in Halogen-Bridged Mixed-Valence Platinum(II,IV) Complexes by Temperature Dependence of Intervalence Charge-Transfer Spectra
Authors: Matsushita Nobuyuki , Kojima Norimichi , Ban Toshiro , Tsujikawa Ikuji
Published: July 2006

The low-energy absorption edge due to the intervalence charge-transfer (IVCT) transition from PtII to PtIV has been investigated at 4.2 K and room temperature in single crystals of [Pt(en)2][PtBr2(en)2]Y4 {Y=ClO4(PBC), HSO4(PBHS)}, [Pt(en)2][PtI2(en)2](HSO4)4·4H2O (PIHS) and [Pt(en)2][PtX2(en)2](SO4)2·6H2O {X=Cl(PCSW), Br(PBSW), I(PISW)}. The IVCT absorption edges in PCSW, PBSW, and PISW shifted to the lower-energy side (i.e. red shift), while those in PBC, PBHS, and PIHS shifted to the higher-energy side (i.e. blue shift) with an increase in temperature. We consider that the thermal effect of the valence fluctuation of the Pt mixed-valence state causes a red shift of the IVCT absorption edge and that the thermal effect of the hydrogen bond between the PtII complex ion and the PtIV complex ion causes a blue shift of the IVCT absorption edge. These two effects coexist and compete with each other in one complex. The dominant effect of the two effects determines the direction of the shift of the IVCT absorption edge, namely, the temperature dependence of the Pt mixed-valence state.
In-Situ X-Ray Diffraction Study of Metal Hydride Formation in Palladium and Palladium-Based Alloy Electrodes under Cathodic Hydrogen Charging
Authors: Machida Ken-ichi , Enyo Michio
Published: July 2006

An in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique reported earlier was improved and employed to study the hydride formation in Pd and Pd–Au alloy foils and amorphous Pd–Zr alloy ribbons during cathodic hydrogen charging or its reverse process. The phase transformation from α- to β-PdHx in the Pd electrode, accompanied by an increase in the cell volume, was demonstrated to take place by the formation of a β phase domain in the bulk during the cathodization. The lattice constant was discontinuously changed from a\simeq3.92 to 4.04 Å and such a discontinuous change was observed on the Pd90Au10 alloy as well. However, no phase transformation was observed on the Pd–Au alloys with the Pd content of 70 at.% or below, where the lattice constant increased continuously with an increase in the negative potential for the cathodic polarization. No crystallization in the amorphous Pd–Zr alloy ribbon electrodes was detected after hydrogen charging.
Preparation of Crystalline LiNbxTa1−xO3(0≤x≤1) Films from Metal Alkoxide Solutions
Authors: Hirano Shin-ichi , Kato Kazumi
Published: July 2006

Crystalline LiNbxTa1−xO3(0≤x≤1 films were prepared from complex alkoxide solutions, controlling the ratio of Nb to Ta by means of a dip-coating method. The present work revealed the dependence of the film thickness on the concentration of the solution and the speed of the withdrawal of the substrate from the solution, the effects of water on the crystallization of the films, and the effects of the structures of the substrates on the crystallinity of the prepared films.
Hydrogenation of Carbon Monoxide, Aldehydes, and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons on Titania-Supported Palladium Catalysts
Authors: Wu Jihong , Funakoshi Masaki , Nagamoto Hidetoshi , Komiyama Hiroshi , Inoue Hakuai
Published: July 2006

Pd/TiO2 catalysts prepared by different methods showed quite different catalytic activities in the hydrogenation of CO and other unsaturated compounds. The catalyst prepared by coprecipitation of Pd acetate and titanium tetraisopropoxide contained smaller Pd particles than those in catalysts prepared by impregnation methods. In the hydrogenation of CO, activities of the catalysts increased with increase in the Pd dispersion. The coprecipitated catalyst was much more active for this reaction than the other catalysts and showed high activity for methanol formation under normal pressure. In the hydrogenation of propionaldehyde to 1-propanol, the catalysts showed similar behavior to that in the CO/H2 reaction. However, in hydrogenation of C=C double bonds, the activity order of the catalysts was reverse. Higher activity was obtained on the impregnated catalysts with larger Pd particle size and this trend was stronger in hydrogenation of the conjugated butadiene and C=C bond in acrylaldehyde than in the hydrogenation of ethvlene.
The Formation and Stereochemistry of [CoIII3(l-cys-N,S)n(aet)6−n]3−n Type S-Bridged Complexes (n=0–6, l-cys=l-cysteinate, and aet=2-aminoethanethiolate)
Authors: Konno Takumi , Aizawa Sen-ichi , Hidaka Jinsai
Published: July 2006

Three kinds of S-bridged trinuclear complexes, ΔLLLΔLLL-[Co3(l-cys-N,S)6]3−, ΔLLLΔ- and ΔLLLΛ-[Co3(l-cys-N,S)3(aet)3]0, and [Co3(aet)6]3+, were formed by the reaction of a mixture of ΔLLL-fac-[Co(l-cys-N,S)3]3− (l-cys=l-cysteinate) and fac-[Co(aet)3] (aet=2-aminoethanethiolate) with [CoCl(NH3)5]2+. The reaction with an excess amount of Co2+ led to the formation of seven kinds of S-bridged complexes, [Co3(l-cys-N,S)n(aet)6−n]3−n](n=0–6).
The Effect of pH and Counter Ion of Oxalate Ion on Photoreduction of Methylviologen
Authors: Tagaya Hideyuki , Saito Hiroaki , Suda Susumu , Chiba Koji
Published: July 2006

A higher formation of the methylviologen radical cation was observed at higher pH and when the counter ion of an oxalate ion was large in the continuous photolysis of deaerated solutions of methylviologen (MV2+)–oxalate ion (C2O42−). A dissociation of oxalic acid to the ion depended upon the pH at pH<7 and the dissociation constant of a MV2+–C2O42− complex depended on the pH at pH>10. The calculated absorbance of the MV2+–C2O42− complex at 350 nm, by using the dissociation constants of oxalic acid and the complex, agreed well with the observed absorbance. It was considered that the pH depedence of the MV\underset.+ formation resulted from the pH dependence of the concentration of the MV2+–C2O42− complex. The effect of a counter ion on the photoinduced electron transfer was explained in terms of the difference in the stability of the complex ion, in which smaller ions (Li+, Na+) tended to form more stable complexes than larger ions (NH4+, K+).
The Electron Donor–Acceptor Interaction between Mixed Solvents and Its Influence on Their β-Sheet Structure-Disrupting Potential
Authors: Narita Mitsuaki , Umeyama Hiroshi , Isokawa Shizuko , Honda Shinya , Sasaki Chie , Kakei Hideaki
Published: July 2006

Cross-linked polystyrene resin-bound peptides were useful for the investigation of the β-sheet structure-disrupting potential of mixed solvents although their β-sheet structure-disrupted behavior by mixed solvents was different from that of peptides free from a macromolecular protecting group due to the concentrating efficacy of a cross-linked resin. In mixed solvents, the electron-acceptor and -donor numbers (AN and DN) of organic solvents were one of the most important factors to estimate their β-sheet structure-disrupting potential. In a mixture of electron-acceptor solvents themselves or -donor solvents, the electron donor-acceptor interaction between solvents did not occur and electron-accepting or -donating property of each solvent was kept to disrupt the β-sheet aggregation in mixed solvents. On the other hand, in a mixture of electron-acceptor solvent and -donor solvent, the electron donor-acceptor interaction between solvents occurred predominantly to decrease the β-sheet structure-disrupting potential of mixed solvents. The present results clarify the criteria of the search for effective solvents in peptide and protein synthesis.
Synthesis of Pyranoisoflavones from Pyronochalcones: Synthesis of Elongatin and Its Angular Isomer
Authors: Tsukayama Masao , Kawamura Yasuhiko , Tamaki Hiroto , Kubo Tomoya , Horie Tokunaru
Published: July 2006

Elongatin (4′,5-dihydroxy-2′,5′-dimethoxy-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano[5″,6″-g]isoflavone) was synthesized by an oxidative rearrangement of the corresponding pyronochalcone [6-(1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-4-chromanone] with thallium(III) nitrate and a regioselective reduction of 7-(4-benzoyloxy-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-5-tosyloxy-4H,6H-benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b′]dipyran-4,6-dione with sodium boronydride–palladium chloride, followed by dehydration of the resultant alcohol and hydrolysis. Its angular isomer (4′,5-dihydroxy-2′,5′-dimethoxy-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano[6″,5″-h]isoflavone) was also synthesized from the corresponding pyronochalcone in a similar manner.
Preparation of Bismuth Sulfide Thin Films by Solution Pyrolysis of Bismuth Dithiocarbamate Complexes
Authors: Nomura Ryoki , Kanaya Kouichi , Matsuda Haruo
Published: July 2006

Solution pyrolysis of Bi(S2CNRR′)3 in p-xylene or chloroform on a glass substrate at 350 °C under Ar atmosphere gave polycrystalline and low resistive (102 Ω cm in dark) bismuth sulfide thin films which showed large photoelectric effect.
Low-Temperature Coal Liquefaction in Basic Nitrogen Compounds
Authors: Tagaya Hideyuki , Saito Akira , Chiba Koji
Published: July 2006

A high conversion (75%) of Taiheiyo coal was attained using indole at 300 °C. Morpholine and tetrahydroquinoline were also effective solvents although quinoline, aniline, and triethylamine were not effective as well as tetralin and 1-methylnaphthalene. Extraordinarily high SRC yields and their molecular weight distributions suggested the presence of a solvent dimer and hydrogen donation.
ELECTROPHILIC ADDITION TO BICYCLO[6.1.0]NONATRIENE
Authors: Sasaki Tadashi , Kanematsu Ken , Yukimoto Yusuke
Published: July 2006

Reaction of cis-bicyclo[6.1.0]nonatriene with an IN3 solution, a mixture of iodine azide and sodium azide, gave a cis-bisazide in quantitative yield. The mechanism of the reaction is discussed on the bishomotropylium cation or cyclopentadienyl cation intermediate proposed.
AN OXIDATION REACTION OF Cl3Sn–Mn(CO)5 WITH KMnO4
Authors: Onaka Satoru
Published: July 2006

A reaction of Cl3Sn–Mn(CO)5 with KMnO4 in a mixed solvent afforded ClMn(CO)5 and a tin–hydroxo compound. The manganese atom in Cl3Sn–Mn(CO)5 is oxidized mildly from 0 to +1 in oxidation number by KMnO4.
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE DETERMINATION OF 4-BROMOBENZOPHENONE 2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZONE BY X-RAY ANALYSIS
Authors: Tabata Masayoshi , Takada Yoshiyuki , Suzuki Akira , Furusaki Akio
Published: July 2006

The molecular structure of 4-bromobenzophenone 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone was determined by X-ray analysis.
OXIDATION OF SULFIDES TO SULFOXIDES WITH N-CHLORO NYLON-66
Authors: Sato Yoshiyasu , Kunieda Norio , Kinoshita Masayoshi
Published: July 2006

Sulfides are almost quantitatively converted into the corresponding sulfoxides by N-chloro nylon-66 in the presence of water or alcohol.
THE ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF THE (−)589-ACETYLACETONATO BIS(TRIMETHYLENEDIAMINE)COBALT(III) ION
Authors: Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Matsumoto Keiji , Kuroya Hisao , Kawaguchi Shinichi
Published: July 2006

The crystal structure of (−)589-[Co acac tn2] [As-(+)-tart]2 H2O has been determined by the X-ray method. The absolute configuration of the complex cation can be nenoted as Δ. A simple empirical rule, proposed by Mason et al., relating the sign of the Cotton effect of a particular electronic transition to the absolute configuration of the metal complex seems to hold in this case.
A NOVEL ETHER FORMATION REACTION VIA CHLOROACETYLHYDRAZONES
Authors: Ito Suketaka
Published: July 2006

Chloroacetylhydrazones were allowed to react with sodium alkoxide in alcohol to give acetic ester of the alcohol and unsymmetrical ethers derived from the alkoxide and the alkylidene moiety of the hydrazones. Secondary and tertiary alkoxides failed to afford any amount of ethers. High yields of ethers were realized especially in the reaction of cyclohexanone chloroacetylhydrazone.
REDUCTIVE DECOMPOSITION OF NITRIC OXIDE BY BIS(SALICYLALDEHYDE)ETHYLENEDIIMINO MANGANESE(II) AND FORMATION OF AN OXYGENATED MANGANESE COMPLEX
Authors: Tamaki Motonori , Masuda Isao , Shinra Koichiro
Published: July 2006

By the reaction of MnII(Salen) (Salen: bis(salicylaldehyde)ethylenediiminato dianion) with NO in DMSO, NO is reductively decomposed to give N2O and N2, and a new oxygenated manganese complex (Mn-O(Salen)]2O2 is formed. The complex shows IR absorption bands at 623 and 640 cm−1 attributed to νMn-O, and at 884 cm−1 attributed to νMn-O, indicating both oxo- and μ-peroxo-bonding in the complex.
DEPROTONATION OF p-HYDROXYBENZOPHENONE AS A CAUSE OF THE SUPPRESSION OF THE PHOTOREDUCTION IN ALCOHOLS
Authors: Hoshino Mikio , Koizumi Masao
Published: July 2006

The spectral change of p-hydroxybenzophenone (HOBP) and the relative quantum yields of its photoreduction in ethanol-cyclohexane of various composition have been studied. The results have demonstrated that the hydrogen-bonded species of HOBP with ethanol does not undergo the deprotonation upon excitation at low [C2H5OH] and accordingly is photoreduced effectively, and that the proton transfer which occurs upon excitation requires the participation of several ethanol molecules.
UV SPECTRA OF HYDRAZIDES
Authors: Mashima Mitsuo , Ikeda Fujiko
Published: July 2006

UV absorption spectra of the hydrazides containing the CONHNH2 group and their hydrochlorides were obtained. Most of hydrazides studied, in water, show one band with the maximum at about 53 kK. On this band the solvent effects and the substitution effects were examined.
1,14-DIMETHYL-5,10-DIPHENYL- AND 1,5,10,14-TETRA-tert-BUTYL-6,8,15,17-tetradehydro[18]annulenes
Authors: Katakami Tsutomu , Tomita Sachiyo , Fukui Kunisuke , Nakagawa Masazumi
Published: July 2006

1,14-Dimethyl-5,10-diphenyl- and 1,5,10,14-tetra-tert-butyl-6,8,15,17-tetradehydro[18]annulenes have been synthesized, and their aromatic nature was demonstrated by the NMR spectra. The tetra-tert-butyltetradehydro[18]annulene was found to be more stable and soluble than the other tetrasubstituted analogues.
A CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF CYCLOPENTENONES
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Kobayashi Susumu , Kamio Kunimasa , Takei Hisashi
Published: July 2006

A general and convenient route for the synthesis of cyclopentenone derivatives starting from readily available cyclopentanone via intermediates, 2,2-bis(phenylthio)cyclopentanone, 1, and 2,2-bis(phenylthio)cyclopentanol, 2, was described. Further, it was shown that the hydrolysis of various thioketals was successfully achieved by the use of silver perchlorate.
THERMOCHROMISMS OF SOME β-DIKETONE CHELATE COMPLEXES OF COPPER(II) IN PURE PYRIDINE
Authors: Yokoi Hiroshi , Sai Mitsuru , Isobe Taro
Published: July 2006

Two types of thermochromisms have been found for several β-diketone chelate complexes of copper(II) in pure pyridine. One is observed for such complexes as bis(acetylacetonato)copper(II), where the visible absorption spectra at various temperatures have well-defined isosbestic points. The other is observed for such complexes as bis(salicylaldehydato)copper(II), where only the spectral intensity increases unusually with a rise in temperature.
EXCEPTIONAL HINDERED INTERNAL ROTATION OF THE ALKYL GROUP IN THE 4,4′-DI-N-PROPYL BIPHENYL ANION
Authors: Nemoto Fujito , Ishizu Kazuhiko , Hasegawa Hideo
Published: July 2006

The ESR spectra of the 4,4′-di-n-propyl biphenyl anion have been observed in either DME or DMF with reduction by potassium. The experimental evidence suggests that an anomalous restricted rotation of the alkyl group takes place in the 4,4′-di-n-propyl biphenyl anion, where the alkyl-β-protons exhibit the nonequivalent splittings in a solution.
VAPOUR PHASE OXIDATION OF BUTADIENE OVER SUPPORTED MOLYBDENA CATALYSTS
Authors: Akimoto Masamichi , Echigoya Etsuro
Published: July 2006

Reactivity of Mo5+ with oxygen which is formed in supported molybdena catalysts was investigated by ESR spectroscopy and discussed as a carrier effect with reference to the selectivity in maleic anhydride formation during vapour phase oxidation of butadiene. Mo5+ formed on SiO2 and TiO2, showed good selectivity and appeared to be the active site for the production of maleic anhydride.
TRITERPENOID BIOSYNTHESIS. THE STEREOSPECIFICITY IN THE ENZYMATIC CYCLIZATION OF SQUALENE TO β-AMYRIN
Authors: Suga Takayuki , Shishibori Tsuyoshi , Kimoto Sanae
Published: July 2006

It was first proved that the 20α-methyl group, as well as the 4β-, 8-, 10-, 14-, and 17-methyls of β-amyrin biosynthesized from [6-D3-mevalonic acid in Pisum sativum are stereospecifically derived from the 3-methyl group of the acid. The result has substantiated the stereospecificity in the enzymatic cyclization of squalene to β-amyrin.
THE SYNTHESES OF RIPARIOCHROMENE A AND METHYL-RIPARIOCHROMENE A
Authors: Nakayama Mitsuru , Hayashi Shûichi , Tsukayama Masao , Horie Tokunaru , Masumura Mitsuo
Published: July 2006

7,8-Dimethoxy-2,2-dimethylchroman was obtained from pyrogallol trimethyl ether and β, β-dimethylacrylyl chloride via the corresponding chroman-4-one. The Friedel–Crafts reaction of the chroman with acetyl chloride yielded 6-acetyl-7-hydroxy-8-methoxy-2,2-dimethylchroman. The dehydrogenation of the acetylchroman with DDQ in anhydrous benzene afforded ripariochromene A.
THE SYNTHESIS OF (±)-ROYLEANONE
Authors: Matsumoto Takashi , Tachibana Yakudo , Fukui Kenji
Published: July 2006

(±)-Royleanone (I) has been synthesized from 5,7,8-trimethoxy-1-tetralone (III) via (±)-11,12,14-trimethoxypodocarpa-8,11,13-triene (XIII). The synthetic (±)-I was shown to be identical with natural royleanone by their spectral comparisons.
THE PHOTOCYCLOADDITION OF BENZOPHENONE TO NORBORNADIENE
Authors: Kubota Tadatoshi , Shima Kensuke , Sakurai Hiroshi
Published: July 2006

Irradiation of benzophenone and norbornadiene in benzene gave adducts I, II, III and unknown IV.
STEREOCHEMISTRY OF NAGILACTONE A AND B
Authors: Hayashi Yuji , Sakan Takeo , Hirotsu Ken , Shimada Akira
Published: July 2006

The stereochemistry of nagilactone A and B was established by the spectral analyses and the X-ray method. The absolute configurations of both substances were also proposed.
SUBSTITUTION REACTION OF THE COPPER(II) COMPLEXES WITH 2,2′-BIPYRIDINE AND WITH PYRIDINE BY THE BASIC SITES ON THE CALCIUM OXIDE SURFACE
Authors: Takimoto Kazuto , Kadota Katsuhide , Miura Masaji
Published: July 2006

A substitution reaction of the copper(II) complexes quite different from those in the basic solutions and on the silica-alumina surface was found on the calcium oxide surface. The reaction is due to the highly basic site, O2− ion on the surface.
EVIDENCE FOR AN ADDITION INTERMEDIATE IN THE HYDROLYSIS OF ALKYL NITRITES
Authors: Kobayashi Michio
Published: July 2006

Formation of an addition intermediate in the hydrolysis of alkyl nitrites is suggested on the basis of the incorporation of the oxygen atom of water into the ester recovered.
STRUCTURES AND SYNTHESES OF HYPOLEPIN A, B AND C, SESQUITERPENES FROM HYPOLEPIS PUNCTATA METT.
Authors: Hayashi Yuji , Nishizawa Mugio , Harita Shigeyuki , Sakan Takeo
Published: July 2006

Three sesquiterpenoid constituents were isolated from leaves of Hypolepis punctata Mett. and their structures, I, II and III, were established by the synthesis.
PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF FUKINONE AND PULEGONE
Authors: Kawai Masao , Naya Keizo
Published: July 2006

Fukinone (I), a sesquiterpenic ketone containing a conjugated double bond in cisoid form, on photolysis in methanol solution gave methyl ester (III), stereoisomeric cyclobutanols (IVa and Va), and methyl ether (VI). Photolysis of pulegone (II), a monoterpenic analogue of I, afforded quite similar results.
AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION WITH ARENESULFONYLOXY FREE RADICAL
Authors: Kobayashi Michio , Sekiguchi Masatsugu , Minato Hiroshi
Published: July 2006

m-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl peroxide has been photolyzed in nitrobenzene and benzonitrile. On the basis of the product analyses, the reactivity of the sulfonyloxy radical is discussed.
STUDIES ON PHOTO-POLAROGRAPHY. VII. PHOTO-CURRENT OF DIMETHYLSULFOXIDE AND FORMATION OF METHYLSULFYNYLCARBONIUM ANION AT IRRADIATED DROPPING MERCURY ELECTRODE
Authors: Imai Hideo , Yamashita Kazuo
Published: July 2006

The photo-current produced at a dropping mercury electrode irradiated by ultra-violet light in the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution was investigated. The formation of methylsulfynylcarbonium anion by the reaction of DMSO with the solvated electron was confirmed indirectly from the influence of ethanol as the H radical scavenger on the photo-current.
A NEW COMPLEX OF URANIUM(IV) WITH GLYCINE
Authors: Yoshimura Tetsuhiko , Miyake Chie , Imoto Shosuke
Published: July 2006

Anew complex with the formula [U(C2NO2H4)2(H2O)2]Cl·2H2O was synthesized and confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectrum. From room temperature to 80°K, magnetic susceptibility obeys the Curie–Weiss law, suggesting that the dominating tetragonal distortion makes an energy difference between the ground state A and the lowest excited state E sufficiently small.
SEVERAL REACTIONS OF POLYHALOGENOPHENYLTRIMETHYLSILANES IN THE PRESENCE OF FLUORIDE ION
Authors: Ishikawa Nobuo , Isobe Ken-ichi
Published: July 2006

Polyhalogenophenyltrimethylsilanes such as 3,5-dichloro-2,4,6-trifluoro-, 3-chloro-2,4,5,6-tetrafluoro-, 2,6-difluoro-, and 2,6-dichlorophenyltrimethylsilanes in KF/DMF-system underwent Grignard-like reactions with benzaldehyde or iodine. In these reactions the silicon complex coordinated with fluoride ion was assumed to be the reaction intermediate.
FORMATION OF 3-METHYLISOINDOLENINE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID
Authors: Kotake Hiroshi , Kinoshita Hideki , Miyashita Setsuo
Published: July 2006

It was found that 3-methylisoindolenine-1-carboxylic acid(III) was obtained by heating o-acetylphenylacetic acid with hydroxylamine. This compound was also obtained by the reaction of o-acetylphenylacetic acid oxime with hydroxylamine or semicarbazide under similar reaction conditions. From these results a probable process of formation has been suggested.
THE REACTION OF DIPHENYLPHOSPHINE OXIDE WITH ACETIC ANHYDRIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF PYRIDINE
Authors: Inokawa Saburo , Tanaka Yutaka , Yoshida Hiroshi , Ogata Tsuyoshl
Published: July 2006

A new method for the formation of the phosphorus–phosphorus bond was discovered, that is, the reaction of diphenylphosphine oxide and acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine afforded tetraphenyldiphosphine monoxide in a good yield.
DIMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE ON Rh–Y ZEOLITE
Authors: Yashima Tatsuaki , Ebisawa Mikio , Hara Nobuyoshi
Published: July 2006

It was found that dimerization of ethylene selectively proceeded on Rh–Y zeolite at room temperature. The active site for this dimerization was concluded to be made from zero-valent rhodium which was formed by reduction of rhodium cation in the zeolite framework.
INFRARED ABSORPTION INTENSITIES OF OUT-OF-PLANE CH BENDING VIBRATION BANDS OF SUBSTITUTED BENZENES. V. SOLVENT EFFECT ON THE INTENSITIES OF THE BANDS OF DIPHENYL SULFIDE AND DIPHENYL SULFOXIDE
Authors: Higuchi Seiichiro , Hashimoto Izumi , Tanaka Shigeyuki , Kamada Hitoshi
Published: July 2006

The band intensities of out-of-plane CH bending and ring out-of-plane deformation vibrations of Ph2S and Ph2SO were measured in ten solvents. The results were analyzed in terms of solvent-dependences of C–H bond moment and the angle of rotation θ of benzene rings. Different behaviours of θ were observed between the two molecules.
NEW DOUBLE SALT OF SULFAMIC ACID AND POTASSIUM SULFATE
Authors: Uchida Shogo , Mochizuki Morio
Published: July 2006

Existence of a new double salt, potassium hydrogen sulfate sulfamate (K2SO4·2HSO3NH2) has been confirmed by the measurements of mutual solubilities of HSO3NH2 and K2SO4 in water at 30°C. [Fig. 1]

The double salt is a colorless, transparent and almost non-hygroscopic crystal having a composition of HSO3NH2 52.7%, K2SO4 47.3%(2:1 in mole), [Table 1] and melting point of 161∼162°C.
CIRCULAR DICHROISM OF TRANS(N)-(AMMONIATRIACETATO) (β-AMINOCARBOXYLATO) COBALTATE(III) COMPLEXES CONTAINING ONE OR TWO ASYMMETRIC CARBON ATOMS IN A SIX-MEMBERED CHELATE RING
Authors: Koine Norio , Sakota Naokazu , Hidak Jinsai , Shimura Yoichi
Published: July 2006

Three complexes of trans(N)-(ammoniatriacetato)(β-aminocarboxyl-ato)cobaltate(III) containing one or two asymmetric carbon atoms in the β-aminocarboxylato chelate ring were prepared and their circular dichroism spectra were measured. Optical activity of these complexes in the spin-allowed d-d absorption band region mostly arises from the vicinal contributions of the asymmetric carbon atoms.
STEREOCHEMISTRY AND ISOTOPE EFFECT IN THE DEHYDROBROMINATION OF 2-BROMOBUTANE OVER SOLID CATALYSTS
Authors: Misono Makoto , Yoneda Yukio
Published: July 2006

Stereochemistry of dehydrobromination of 2-bromobutane over KOH-silica has been determined from the composition and the deuterium content of each butene obtained from erythro-2-bromobutane-3-d1. Below 250°C anti elimination was the preferred mode and syn elimination above 250°C.
THERMAL SOLID-SOLID PHASE TRANSITION OF SOME METAL OXALATO COMPLEXES
Authors: Nagase Kenzo
Published: July 2006

Data were presented to show that anhydrous potassium trioxalatoaluminate(III), potassium trioxalatovanadate(III) and potassium trioxalatochromate(III) exhibit thermally solid-state transition to hexagonal without any decomposition. The values of enthalpy change were 0.9 and 1.3 kcal/mol for K3[Al(ox)3] and K3[Cr(ox)3], respectively.
A TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF COENZYME A BY OXIDATION-REDUCTION CONDENSATION
Authors: Hashimoto Mitsunori , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: July 2006

A total synthesis of coenzyme A by utilization of the oxidation-reduction condensation in each important steps is described. Adenosine 2′ ,3′ -cyclic phosphate 5′ -phosphoromorpholidate and pantethine, important intermediates of coenzyme A, were prepared starting from adenosine 2′ (3′-) phosphate and pantothenoic acid in 60% and 80% yields, respectively, mainly by the use of triphenylphosphine and 2,2′ -dipyridyl disulfide as coupling reagents.
CYCLIZATION OF S-BLOCKED ISOTHIOSEMICARBAZONES. I. A NEW ROUTE TO 2-MERCAPTOIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND 4(5)-SUBSTITUTED IMIDAZOLES
Authors: Yamazaki Chiji , Taira Seizo , Okawa Tomoko
Published: July 2006

Condensation of an aromatic aldehyde or ketone S-methyl-, allyl-, or benzylisothiosemicarbazone with acetonyl or a phenacyl bromide yielded 1-arylideneamino-2-methylthio-, allylthio-, or benzylthio-4-aryl- or methyl-imidazoles in moderate yields. Treatment of these imidazoles with zinc/acetic acid in the presence of acetic anhydride afforded 1-acetyl-4-substituted imidazoles. Hydrolysis of the arylideneamino linkage succeeded only with the α-methyl-p-methoxybenzylideneamino compound.
1β,10β-EPOXYFURANOEREMOPHILAN-6β-OL, A NEW FURANQSESQUITERPENE FROM LIGULARIA FISCHERI TURCZ.
Authors: Moriyama Yoshihiko , Sato Toshichika , Nagano Hajime , Tanahashi Yoshiaki , Takahashi Takeyoshi
Published: July 2006

A new sesquiterpene isolated from Ligularia Fischeri Turcz. (collected at Hakusan) has been shown to be 1β,10β-epoxyfuranoeremophilan- 6β-ol(I).
THE NITROGEN–NITROGEN BOND CLEAVAGE OF 1,3,4-TEIADIAZOLO[3,2-a]PYRIMIDINES TO 2-THIOCYANATOPYRIMIDINES
Authors: Tsuji Tadakazu , Kamo Yasuko
Published: July 2006

Treatment of 7-methyl-5H-1,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one with aq. NaOH solution gave 4-methyl-2-thiocyanato-6(1H)-pyrimidone. In a similar manner, two thiadiazolopyrimidines prepared by the Vilsmeier–Haack reaction of 1,4,6-triamino-2(1H)-pyrimidinethione, were converted into 2-thiocyanatopyrimidines.
MECHANISM OF VOGES–PROSKAUER REACTION
Authors: Nishimura Tamio , Toku Hiroshige , Ueno Tetsuro , Shibamoto Shinji , Imai Toshio
Published: July 2006

Presumable intermediates of pigments formed by the Voges–Proskauer reaction were synthesized from 1-methyl-1-benzylguanidine and acetylbenzoyl and the mechanism of this color reaction was proposed.
CHARGE CARRIER GENERATION IN AURAMINE THIN FILM UNDER ILLUMINATION
Authors: Shimoda Haruhisa , Sukigara Mitsunori , Honda Kenichi
Published: July 2006

The current-voltage characteristics, activation energies of dark-conduction and photoconduction and light intensity dependence of photocurrent of Al-auramine hydrochloride-n-type SnO2 sandwich cell were measured. It was suggested that charge carriers of photocurrent were generated by electric field assisted ionization of excited molecules.
A NEW METHOD OF ASSAYING THE ENZYME ACTIVITY USING THE ENZYME FUEL CELL
Authors: Kimura Keisaku , Inokuchi Hiroo , Yagi Tatsuhiko
Published: July 2006

A new assay method for the enzyme, hydrogenase, has been proposed in which the enzyme activity is expressed as a current density of a fuel cell composed of a hydrogen half-cell (anode) containing H2–H+-hydrogenase system and a saturated calomel electrode (cathode). The principle of the assay method is based on the fact that the short-circuit current density of the cell is proportional to the activity of the enzyme contained in the anode half-cell. The new method may be applied to any oxidoreductase, if properly modified.
NITROBENZENE SOLVATE OF TRIS(1,10-PHENANTHROLINE)IRON(II) IODIDE
Authors: Iwamoto Etsuro , Tarumoto Tsunehiko , Tarui Takao , Yamamoto Yuroku
Published: July 2006

Nitrobenzene solvated tris(1,10-phenanthroline)iron(II) iodide was isolated out of nitrobenzene-saturated water. The amount of nitrobenzene was determined by spectrophotometry in the U.V. region. Other facts supporting the solvate formation are also presented.
STRUCTURES OF NAGILACTONE E AND F, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF NAGILACTONES AS PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR
Authors: Hayashi Yuji , Yokoi Junji , Watanabe Yoshihide , Sakan Takeo , Masuda Yoshio , Yamamoto Ryoichi
Published: July 2006

The structures of two new norditerpenoid dilactones, nagilactone E and F, are proposed. A dual biological activity of nagilactones (inhibitory and promotive) for plant growth is also reported.