bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Josephine Baker’s Routes and Roots: Mobility, Belonging, and Activism in the Atlantic World
Authors: Gerund Katharina
Published: January 2020

Chapter uses research paradigms from mobility studies, black diaspora studies, and transnational American studies, in order to create a nuanced picture of the many facets of Josephine Baker’s career as an artist and activist. It discusses Baker’s often neglected role as an activist for the French Resistance and in the US Civil Rights Movement, as well as her self-fashioning as a mother, head of state, and humanitarian at Les Milandes: a 15th century château where Baker established her Rainbow Tribe. The chapter considers how Baker’s changing positionalities, mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion in different social contexts, and experiences of displacement and exile, partially determined her political work and how she was simultaneously constructed by these discourses. Baker is cast as a “revolutionary diva” who does not simply belong on the margins of current debates around transnational affiliations and cosmopolitanisms, cultural mobilities and immobilities, and political activism in the black diaspora.
“Together We Can Build a Nation of Love and Integration”: The 1965 North Shore Summer Project for Fair Housing in Chicago’s Northern Suburbs
Authors: Barr Mary
Published: January 2020

Chapter focuses on the largely ignored 1965 North Shore Summer Project, an open housing campaign that challenged discriminatory practices in the suburbs lining the lakeshore north of Chicago. It provides an overview of the context within which the Project took shape, documenting the roles of key figures in its formation and organisation, as well as the involvement of student volunteers. The chapter also discusses the local hostility encountered by those working as part of the Project, and the factors which led to its curtailment, notably the breakdown in government relations and a lack of black involvement. Despite the brevity of the campaign and its limited direct impact on segregation, it is nonetheless suggested that the North Shore Summer Project did leave an important legacy, insofar as it was successful in drawing attention to the issue of closed housing and, in turn, brought awareness of the racist implications of a housing problem to thousands of suburban residents. The Project’s role in the personal growth of its participants is also briefly explored.
Virginia Woolf, the Hogarth Press and “Short Things”
Authors: Gasston Aimee
Published: January 2020

This chapter considers the dangers of underestimating the value of short fiction to Woolf's literary career. Gasston argues against Woolf's short fiction being viewed as an infrequently practiced hobby rather than serious literary output.
“Scarcely a Brick to Be Seen”: Breaking Boundaries in “Kew Gardens” and “The Mark on the Wall”
Authors: Jakubowicz Karina
Published: January 2020

This chapter focuses on two of Woolf's short stories, how their narrative style is mirrored in their binding and the physical presentation of the text as both stories focus on visual image.
“The active and the contemplative”: Charles Mauron, Virginia Woolf, and Roger Fry
Authors: Tobin Claudia
Published: January 2020

This chapter reads French aesthetician Charles Mauron's work Aesthetics and Psychology, alongside its translator Roger Fry and publisher Virginia Woolf to explore formalism, aesthetic purity and contemplative attention.
“Books Were Not in Their Line”: The Material Book and the Deceptive Scene of Reading in To the Lighthouse
Authors: Richardson Brian
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores the overwhelming presence of reading in To the Lighthouse. Richardson argues that the act of being read is a major concern in the novel, including measuring intellectual achievement, literary disputes, and concerns about the endurance of authors over time. Most characters are inadequate readers, disparate from Woolf's own passionate experience as a reader.
Reading Intercultural, Intergenerational and Intertextual Woolf: Virginia Woolf’s “The Lady in the Looking-Glass,” Oscar Wilde’s “The Sphinx without a Secret,” and Lady Murasaki’s Yugao
Authors: Kinoshita Yukiko
Published: January 2020

This chapter argues examines Virginia Woolf's interest in Far Eastern art and literature, arguing that it was not a short-lived intellectual flirtation but a lasting influence and source of inspiration. Kinoshita supports this by exploring the textual connections between three pieces of short fiction.
EFFICIENCY OF OPERATIONAL DATA PROCESSING FOR RADIO ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Authors: Solomentse Oleksandr , Herasymenko Tetyana , Kozhokhina Olena , Petrova Yuliia , Zaliskyi Maksym
Published: January 2020

The paper deals with the statistical data processing algorithms in operation system of radio electronic equipment. The main purpose is analysis of data processing algorithm efficiency according to the analytical calculations and simulation results. During radio electronic equipment operation failures are possible. These failures affect on the equipment’s technical condition that can deteriorate. In case of condition-based maintenance, it is necessary to detect the time moment of deterioration beginning. Therefore, in this paper the deterioration detection algorithm was developed according to Neyman-Pearson criterion with a fixed sample size. The initial data are times between failures of radio electronic equipment, and these data can be identified by the exponential probability density function. The step-function model was chosen for failure rate change description. To estimate efficiency the operating characteristic was calculated. The simulation based on Monte-Carlo method confirmed the correctness of theoretical calculations.
Morphometric comparison of the growth curve in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) sexually reverted to masculinized and feminized
Authors: Chávez-García Ricardo , Contreras-Ramos Alejandra , Ortega-Camarillo Clara , Figueroa-Lucero Gerardo , Prado-Flores Guadalupe , Mendoza-Martínez Germán , Vergara-Onofre Marcela
Published: January 2020

Aquaculture is an industry in development around the world that allows covering the nutritional demand with a high nutritional value. Within this industry, monosex crops of some species, such as the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), stand out. In this study, the effect of the administration of 17α-ethinyl estradiol and 17α-methyltestosterone on the morphometry of Nile tilapia at different times was evaluated. Nile tilapia were raised under controlled conditions and divided into three groups: control: no hormone treatment; feminized: treated with 17α-ethynyl estradiol and masculinized: treated with 17α-methyltestosterone. The measurements were made at 5, 10, 15, 25, 35, 40, 50, 60 and 70 days after fertilization with the morphometric technique “truss protocol.” The data were analyzed using a general linear model of repeated measurements and analysis of variance of comparison of means. The growth curve was made using the Gompertz logistic model. The results showed that the masculinized larva presented a higher growth rate and increased daily gain of weight 2.05-2 mg compared to the controls and feminized 1.67-3 mg and 7.57-4 mg, respectively. The sexual reversion of Nile tilapia with 17 α-methyltestosterone increases the growth curve of the masculinized organism and the uniformity of the final size.
Review and new species of Tiferonia Darlington, 1962 (Carabidae, Abacetini)
Authors: Will Kipling W.
Published: January 2020

Darlington describedTiferoniabased onT. parvafrom New Guinea. In this review,Tiferonia leytensissp. nov.is described from Leyte Island, Philippines,Tiferonia schoutedeni(Straneo, 1943)comb. nov.is transferred fromMelanchrousAndrewes, and inclusion ofTiferonia brunnea(Jedlička, 1935) in the genus is confirmed. Characteristics ofTiferoniaand genera that have been proposed as closely related toTiferoniaare discussed and a unique character, the post-ocular sulcus, shared among species ofTiferoniaandHolconotusis proposed as a synapomorphy for these two genera. A key to identify adults of the four species ofTiferoniais provided.
Making Automation Explicable: A Challenge for Philosophy of Technology
Authors: Smith Dominic
Published: January 2020

This article argues for an expanded conception of automation's 'explicability'. When it comes to topics as topical and shot through with multifarious anxieties as automation, it is, I argue, insufficient to rely on a conception of explicability as 'explanation' or 'simplification'.
Instead, automation is the kind of topic that is challenging us to develop a more dynamic conception of explicability as explication. By this, I mean that automation is challenging us to develop epistemic strategies that are better capable of implicating people and their anxieties
about automation in the topic, and, counterintuitively, of complicating how the topic is interfaced with. The article comprises an introduction followed by four main parts. While the introduction provides general context, each of the four subsequent parts seeks to demonstrate how diverse
epistemic strategies might have a role to play in developing the process just described. Together, the parts are intended to build a cumulative case. This does not mean that the strategies they discuss are intended to be definitive, however – other strategies for making automation explicable
may be possible and more desirable. Part one historicises automation as a concept. It does this through a focus on a famous passage from Descartes' Second Meditation, where he asks the reader to imagine automata glimpsed through a window. The aim here is to rehearse the presuppositions
of a familiar 'modernist' epistemological model, and to outline how a contemporary understanding of automation as a wicked socio-economic problem challenges it. Parts two and three are then framed through concepts emerging from recent psychology: 'automation bias' and 'automation
complacency'. The aim here is to consider recent developments in philosophy of technology in terms of these concepts, and to dramatically explicate key presuppositions at stake in the form of reasoning by analogy implied. While part two explicates an analogy between automation bias
in philosophical engagements with technologies that involve a 'transcendental' tendency to reify automation, part three explicates an analogy between automation complacency and an opposed 'empirical turn' tendency in philosophy of technology to privilege nuanced description of case studies.
Part four then conclude by arguing that anxieties concerning automation might usefully be redirected towards a different sense of the scope and purpose of philosophy of technology today: not as a movement to be 'turned' in one direction at the expense of others ('empirical' vs 'transcendental',
for instance) but as a multidimensional 'problem space' to be explicated in many different directions at once. Through reference to Kierkegaard and Simondon, I show how different approaches to exemplification, indirection and indeterminacy can be consistent
with this, and with the approach to explicability recommended above.
Partnering to Educate Nurses in Long-Term Care
Authors: Selleck Cynthia , Jablonski Rita , Miltner Rebecca S. , Deupree Joy , McGhan Gwen , Powell Julia
Published: January 2020

Despite a 2008 national call to retool a health care workforce for an aging America, the geriatrics-trained workforce is declining while the U.S. population continues to age. Formalized academic–practice partnerships between long-term care facilities and schools of nursing are one response to strengthening the work-force caring for older adults. This article details the activities of an intentional, synergistic, 3-year partnership between National HealthCare Corporation (NHC) and University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) School of Nursing. The partnership focused on providing continuing education and leadership development for NHC nurses while also providing nursing faculty with access to clinicians and patients in long-term care for the purposes of education, research, and quality improvement. The ultimate goal for both partners was improved patient outcomes.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(2):75–81.]
Traveling waves for a nonlocal dispersal SIR model equipped delay and generalized incidence
Authors: Yang Yang , Yang Yun-Rui , Jiao Xin-Jun
Published: January 2020

In this paper, the existence and non-existence of traveling wave solutions are established for a nonlocal dispersal SIR model equipped delay and generalized incidence. In addition, the existence and asymptotic behaviors of traveling waves under critical wave speed are also contained. Especially, the boundedness of traveling waves is obtained completely without imposing additional conditions on the nonlinear incidence.
DUST MITIGATION EMPLOYING A PROGRAM BASED APPROACH
Authors: Clark Steven R.
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION

Of all the natural resources being taxed by the needs of the mining and oil & gas industries, possibly the most important is the expanding demand for water resources. As water becomes scarcer, and increasingly important, new technologies are needed to find innovative ways to preserve this precious resource. In Chile, for example, the mining industry is investing billions of dollars to build desalination plants and pipelines; bringing ocean water as far as 200 kilometers inland to meet demand and maintain operations. It is a wide-ranging crisis for that nation and a top priority for their government and economy. It has been reported that water managers in 40 states expect water shortages in some portion of their states in the next 10 years.1 In the U.S., as more and more communities continue to be built, greater requirements on the current water infrastructure is generated. Water demand is projected to increase by 55% globally between 2000 and 2050. The increase in demand will come mainly from manufacturing (+400%), electricity (+140%) and domestic use (+130%). In the face of these competing demands, there will be little scope for increasing water for irrigation.2 For 25 percent of people and operations that rely on water from aquifers, this source is being consumed at a rate that will create significant problems meeting the demand in as few as two generations.3

There are three major areas of water usage for dust control in mining and oil & gas industries: material handling (process), non-traffic areas (wind erosion), and traffic areas (roads and large surfaces). Each of these areas could have an article dedicated to dust mitigation solutions; however, the one area that all mine and oil & gas facilities have in common is the unpaved haul road and light vehicle access road. This article will focus on controlling dust on the drivable surface and will show that implementing a dust mitigation program will not only save water resources, but also can become a source for expense savings.
Technology for Classroom Management
Authors: Ayyildiz Pinar
Published: January 2020

Designed practices as well as proactive actions to spontaneous executions addressing any emerging issue during class time and even measures taken belonging to classroom management reflect the philosophies, values, and beliefs of the stakeholders, mostly those of the teachers and the school, thusly making the term a very complicated one. Currently, apace with technologies that ease the job and lives of teachers in the classroom with respect to managing the class, there are programs and devices that directly monitor all sorts of student acts and performance. This chapter aims to resort to technology highlighting the positive links between technology use in the classroom and management practices with a view to sharing some of the existing practices. Educational policies should be scrutinized to provide the optimum—if not the best—conditions for learners of every level with the help of incorporating ‘suitable' educational technologies in light of the contexts where teaching and learning take place.
Social Media Integration in Educational Administration as Information and Smart Systems
Authors: Shihomeka Sadrag Panduleni , Amadhila Helena N.
Published: January 2020

The proliferation and access to social media platforms that allow easy access to information systems and services, content creation, and sharing, in a convenient form, has taken education administration and management by storm. Facebook is one of the many online media that can let education administrators and managers interact with each other or their subordinates by sharing information about themselves or any topical community issue via personal profiles or institutional profiles. Furthermore, it is noted that social media applications by their nature have the capabilities of educating, informing, entertaining (leisure), and socializing the audience. The research revealed that there are various groups on Facebook where youthful education administrators can use to post educational information and discuss pertinent issues concerning their institutions. Indeed, social media are being used as channels to foster economic, social, and political development education among Namibian educational administrators.
Gamification in Classroom Management
Authors: Topal Murat , Sezen-Gultekin Gozde
Published: January 2020

This chapter is going to focus on the topic of gamification in classroom management. In this context, firstly, the definition, characteristics, theories of class management, and the strategies used in classroom management are going to be defined, and then gamification as the next generation strategy is going to be discussed. Although there are many studies on classroom management strategies that have been designed to make the education environment more effective in the literature, the use of these strategies in classroom applications may vary according to the practitioner and the classroom climate. However, it is seen that gamification has become increasingly important with the change in the perspectives and expectations of people and the advancement of the methods and techniques used in education.
Effect of Administration Support on Teachers' ICT Utilization in the Malaysian Context
Authors: Ghavifekr Simin , Quan Tan Yi
Published: January 2020

In the 21st century, technology utilization is required in most of the workplaces because it helps to accelerate the pace of globalization and increase the organization's competitiveness. Utilizing ICT in education can be considered as an effective enabler to create access, store, transmit, and manipulate different information in audio and visual form, due to its capabilities in providing proactive teaching and learning environment. ICT utilization in education can be used for various purposes such as active teaching and learning, students' engagement, and administrative tasks. Administrative support plays a significant role in the effective and efficient utilization of technology in educational institutions. This piece of work presents a comprehensive review of the relevant literature regarding ICT utilization and Administrative supports in education settings. In addition, this chapter elaborates on the relevant theories to technology use and administrative supports and their key dimensions.
Web-Based Responsive Mobile Learning (M-Learning) Design
Authors: Parlakkılıç Alaattin
Published: January 2020

The mobile initiative is changing education and social life worldwide. The question is how to offer the same user-friendly, aesthetically pleasing mobile learning courses on different mobile devices. Developing effective web sites courses and content isn't only about creating a course with solid material. Managers and course authors are concerned about adapting different courses to a variety of learning styles and individual needs and keeping users interested and engaged. A good place to start is to organize thoughts and figure out exactly what is wanted to be included in the web sites course. Responsive design gives the ability to create a single m-learning course that automatically adapts to any browser or device. This allows the target audience to benefit from the courses without having to worry about screen size and resolution. In this chapter, m-learning is discussed in a responsive design context that can be used across platforms and offers the design of courses according to m-learning instructional strategies.
Cyber Forensics
Authors: Yadav Sonali
Published: January 2020

Today one of the major difficulties facing all organizations is cybercrime. Cybercrime is any crime related to computers or the internet. Cybercrimes cover a vast range, from sending fake emails to downloading and distributing copyrighted material. Cyber forensics is among one of the important branches of computer science. It deals with cybercrime investigation. In this chapter, the author provides an overview of cyber forensics. The chapter focuses on its importance and some of the techniques and tools used by cyber forensic investigators.
Trends in Management of TI Projects and CEO Competence
Authors: López-Sevillano Alexandra María , Díaz-Piraquive Flor Nancy , González  Crespo Rubén
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this article is to expose the articulation that should exist between the CEO's competences of projects and TI's business processes with an effective management for the execution, follow up, control and closing of projects, making emphasis in the planning and management areas which are the ones that relieve the complexity as an intangible reality within the unstable environment of changes and competition in which companies or organizations move. An analysis of technological surveillance was done which explains the traceability and importance of the areas and their relationship with the timely and accurate decision making, as long as processes are taken into account such as strategic management, risk management, adequate administration of resources and time, as well as soft elements associated to leadership and emotional intelligence that the TI projects and processes' CEO should have. Under these circumstances, competences of CEOs are raised and how they manage the dynamic organizational scenarios.
Incidence of Organizational Culture on Management Effectiveness of Information Technology Projects
Authors: Ariza Dora Alba
Published: January 2020

This chapter describes the findings of a research aimed to determine the cultural characteristics which have incidence on the management effectiveness of IT projects. A quantitative study was carried out. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) were applied. A random sample of 139 respondents conformed by leaders and team members who developed IT projects in private companies from different economic sectors located in Bogotá, Colombia was used. The evidence shows that the adaptation to solve problems has incidence in the management effectiveness of IT projects and the compliance of stakeholder expectations can be predicted from the alignment level of the projects with the strategy and the consideration of their needs and opinions. The study extends the theory in project management and information technology. The results can guide the efforts of project offices to identify cultural characteristics which can be intervened to enhance the project success.
Disrupting Business as Usual
Authors: La Cava Alberto , Naatus Mary Kate
Published: January 2020

This article analyzes the research on cryptocurrency and blockchain technology and the alternate banking system, led by giants like Bitcoin and Ethereum, and its potential utility for the millions of migrants living in working around the globe, who send nearly half a trillion dollars through various formal and informal channels to family and friends in their home countries. While research on migrant remittances is well established and has been examined from many different lenses, including economic, political, financial, sociological and entrepreneurial, there are few studies to date that examine how the growing crypto-blockchain channel can impact remittance flows, as a lower cost alternative to MoneyGram and Western Union, which have high transaction costs, and also considering that many migrants do not have formal bank accounts, eliminating formal bank transfers, and also that many migrants hold a vulnerable legal status, and may avoid formal money transfer channels. This article is exploratory in nature and identifies the work that has been done to date on this topic, and identifies potential future research in the area.
A Valid and Correct-by-Construction Formal Specification of RBAC
Authors: Gadouche Hania , Farah Zoubeyr , Tari Abdelkamel
Published: January 2020

Controlling access to data is one of the primary purposes of security, especially when it comes to dealing with safety critical systems. In such systems, it is of paramount importance to rigorously define access control models. In this article, a correct-by-construction specification of RBAC using the Event-B formal method is proposed. The specification defines closely the model properties with the behavior aspect of RBAC as guards of events, which allows applying a priori verifications. Accordingly, the resulted specification is correct-by-construction and avoids the combinatorial explosion problem. As well, a number of refinement operations are performed leading to a specification with several abstraction levels, where each level implements selected RBAC entities. The approach is illustrated by an instantiation of a healthcare system.
Do Skills and Challenge Affect Perceived Learning? Mediating Role of Engagement
Authors: Acharya Anitha , Gupta Manish
Published: January 2020

Gamification, the usage of elements relating to game design to non-game activities, has gained considerable attention from academia and industry. It is uncertain as to whether students require skills and challenges to engage them in the game for enhancing their learning. Thus, the objective of this article is to examine the mediating role of engagement in the relationship between skill and perceived learning as well as between challenge and perceived learning in game-based learning environments. Data was gathered using a survey of Player Unknown's Battlegrounds (PUBG) players. A total of 233 young Indian players participated in the study. The results showed that engagement fully mediates the relationship between skill and perceived learning as well as between challenge and perceived learning. This study contributes to the literature on game-based learning by providing evidence for the educational video games to be one of the effective means of learning. Results of the present study imply that the educational game designers can design challenging games to engage the students.
Evidence-Based Review and Discussion Points
Authors: Horn Kimberly , Dino Geri , Hamilton Candice , Noerachmanto N. , Zhang Jianjun
Published: January 2020

Background Traditional efficacy research alone is insufficient to move interventions from research to practice. Motivational interviewing has been adapted for brief encounters in a variety of health care settings for numerous problem behaviors among adolescents and adults. Some experts suggest that motivational interviewing can support a population health approach to reach large numbers of teen smokers without the resource demands of multisession interventions.

Objectives To determine the reach, implementation fidelity, and acceptability of a brief motivational tobacco intervention for teens who had treatment in a hospital emergency department.

Methods Among 74 teens 14 to 19 years old, 40 received a brief motivational tobacco intervention and 34 received brief advice/care as usual at baseline. Follow-up data were collected from the interventional group at 1, 3, and 6 months and from the control group at 6 months. For the interventional group, data also were collected from the teens’ parents, the health care personnel who provided the intervention, and emergency department personnel.

Results Findings indicated low levels of reach, high levels of implementation fidelity, and high levels of acceptability for teen patients, their parents, and emergency department personnel. Data suggest that practitioners can operationalize motivational interventions as planned in a clinical setting and that patients and others with an interest in the outcomes may find the interventions acceptable. However, issues of reach may hinder use of the intervention among teens in clinical settings.

Conclusions Further investigation is needed on mechanisms to reduce barriers to participation, especially barriers related to patient acuity.
Predictors of Adverse Events in Patients After Discharge From the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Chaboyer Wendy , Thalib Lukman , Foster Michelle , Ball Carol , Richards Brent
Published: January 2020

Background Patients discharged from the intensive care unit may be at risk of adverse events because of complex care needs.

Objective To identify the types, frequency, and predictors of adverse events that occur in the 72 hours after discharge from an intensive care unit when no evidence of adverse events was apparent before discharge.

Methods A predictive cohort study of 300 patients from an adult intensive care unit was undertaken. An internationally accepted protocol for chart audit was used. Frequency of adverse events was calculated, and logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors of adverse events.

Results A total of 147 adverse events, 17 (11.6%) of which were defined as major, were incurred by 92 patients (30.7%). The 3 most common adverse events, hospital-incurred infection or sepsis (n = 32, 21.8%), hospital-incurred accident or injury (n = 17, 11.6%), and other complication such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary edema, or myocardial infarction (n = 17, 11.6%) accounted for 44.9% (n = 66) of all adverse events. Two predictors, respiratory rate less than 10/min or greater than or equal to 25/min and pulse rate exceeding 110/min, were significant independent predictors; requiring a high level of nursing care at the time of discharge was a significant predictor in univariate analysis but not in multivariate analysis.

Conclusion Taking, recording, and reporting vital signs are important. Nursing care requirements of patients at discharge from the intensive care unit may be worthy of further investigation in studies of patients after discharge.
Blockade of N-Glycosylation Promotes Antitumor Immune Response of T Cells
Authors: Sasawatari Shigemi , Okamoto Yuki , Kumanogoh Atsushi , Toyofuku Toshihiko
Published: January 2020

Adoptive cellular therapy and its derivative, chimeric AgR T cell therapy, have achieved significant progress against cancer. Major barriers persist, however, including insufficient induction of cytotoxic T cells and exhaustion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. In this study, we discovered a new role for 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) in enhancing the antitumor activity of human T cells against NKG2D ligand-expressing tumor cells. Human T cells treated with 2DG upregulated the NK-specific transcription factors TOX2 and EOMES, thereby acquiring NK cell properties, including high levels of perforin/granzyme and increased sensitivity to IL-2. Notably, rather than inhibiting glycolysis, 2DG modified N-glycosylation, which augmented antitumor activity and cell surface retention of IL-2R of T cells. Moreover, 2DG treatment prevented T cells from binding to galectin-3, a potent tumor Ag associated with T cell anergy. Our results, therefore, suggest that modifying N-glycosylation of T cells with 2DG could improve the efficacy of T cell–based immunotherapies against cancer.
Grazing affects periphytic algal biomass in the periphyton-macrophyte relationship independently of the substrate type and nutrient status
Authors: Tarkowska-Kukuryk Monika , Pęczuła Wojciech , Mieczan Tomasz
Published: January 2020

The macrophyte–algae relationship has primary importance in affecting the functioning of shallow lake ecosystems. However, how substratum type, grazing, and nutrient status affect the relationship, is still largely unknown. Here, we studied algal assemblages covering either the submerged macrophyte, Ceratophyllum demersum, or artificial plastic plants with similar morphological complexity to answer these questions. Nutrient status was assessed as eu- and hypertrophic conditions in two separate lakes. In contrast to previous studies, the algal community on artificial substrates resembled to those observed on C. demersum. Independently of nutrient status (lakes), algae colonised artificial substrates intensively, but the highest algal biomass was observed in the hypertrophic lake. The community of periphytic algae was represented by diatoms, chlorophytes, and cyanobacteria. In the eutrophic lake, rather diatoms were present with high relative abundance, whereas, in the hypertrophic lake, rather cyanobacteria prevailed. Grazing pressure was high in both lakes and in the case of both substrate types, affecting the biomass of periphytic algae significantly. Our results indicate that macroinvertebrate grazing plays a crucial role in affecting periphytic algal biomass, independently of nutrient status and substratum type in shallow lakes.
Prevalence of different comorbidities in COPD patients by gender and GOLD stage
Authors: Dal Negro Roberto W. , Bonadiman L. , Turco P.
Published: January 2020

Background: Several comorbidities frequently affect COPD progression. Aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of main comorbidities by gender and disease severity in a cohort of COPD patients referring for the first time to a specialist institution. Methods: The study was a non-interventional, cross-sectional investigation carried out via automatic and anonymous selection from the institutional data base over the period 2012–2015. Inclusion criteria were: subjects of both sex aged ≥40 years; diagnosis of COPD according to GOLD guidelines 2014; the availability of a complete clinical record file. Variables collected were: lung function; smoking history; BMI; the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI); number and kind of comorbidities for each patient. Results: At least one comorbidity of clinical relevance was found in 78.6 % of patients, but at least two in 68.8 %, and three or more were found in 47.9 % of subjects. Mean CCI was 3.4 ± 1.6sd. The overall prevalence was 2.6 comorbidities per patient, but 2.5 in males, and 3.0 in females, respectively (p < 0.05). Cardio-vascular disorders were the most frequent, but significantly more frequent in males (44.7 vs 30.7 %, respectively), while the metabolic, the digestive and the osteo-articular disorders were prevailing in females (12.4 vs 9.2; 14.2 vs 4.8, and 6.0 vs 3.8, respectively). In particular, chronic cor pumonale and arrhythmias mainly prevailed in men and congestive heart failure in females, while arterial hypertension resulted equally distributed. As concerning respiratory disorders, pneumonia, pleural effusions and chronic respiratory failure were more frequently found in men, while bronchiectasis and asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) in females. Anaemia, gall bladder stones, osteoporosis and spontaneous fractures mostly prevailed in females, while gastric disorders of inflammatory origin and arthrosis were more frequent in males. Cognition disorders, dementia and signs of degenerative brain disorders were more frequently found in men, while depression in females. Finally, lung cancer was at the first place in men, but at the second in females. Conclusions: All comorbidities increased their prevalence progressively up to the last stage of COPD severity, except the cardio-vascular and the metabolic ones which dropped in the IV GOLD stage, presumably due to the high mortality rate in this severe COPD stage. The gender-dependency of comorbidities was confirmed in general terms, even if lung cancer proved a dramatic increase almost independently of sex.
Injury Profile in a Brazilian First-Division Youth Soccer Team: A Prospective Study
Authors: Cezarino Leandro Gonçalves , Grüninger Bruno Leonardo da Silva , Scattone Silva Rodrigo
Published: January 2020

Context

Despite the popularity of soccer at the male first-division youth level, data on the incidence of injuries in Brazil are limited.

Objective

To prospectively study the injury profile of male first-division youth soccer players during 1 season (January to December 2017).

Design

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting

Data compiled at a youth soccer academy.

Patients or Other Participants

The study involved 228 players between 10 and 20 years old from a first-division Brazilian soccer academy.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Injury incidence rate was reported as the number of injuries divided by overall exposure (training and match hours) multiplied by 1000. The rate ratio (injury incidence rate during matches in relation to training) was also calculated. Time-loss injuries (ie, physical complaints sustained during soccer matches or training that resulted in a player being unable to take part in soccer training or match play) during the season were recorded.

Results

A total of 187 injuries were documented in 122 players (65.2%). During the season, 100 389 hours of exposure (5995 hours of match play and 94 394 of training) were registered. The overall injury incidence rate was 1.86 per 1000 hours. In total, 4792 days were lost from soccer activities. The majority of injuries were noncontact thigh muscle disorders and ankle sprains. Injury incidence was greater in matches than in training, and the oldest age group (under 20 years old) had the highest injury incidence rate in matches, while the under 17-year-old group had the highest injury incidence rate in training sessions (22.48 and 3.05 per 1000 hours, respectively).

Conclusions

Muscle injury incidence rates observed among Brazilian soccer athletes under 20 years old were similar to those reported in professional players. Preventive measures are recommended to reduce injury rates. Additionally, the number of injuries incurred during training was high compared with match play, and training programs need to be assessed so that injury prevention can be improved.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treated Entirely by Unilateral Prostate
Artery Embolization
Authors: Shaker Mohamed , Hashem Essam
Published: January 2020

Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive, safe, and effective treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. PAE can often be technically challenging due to atherosclerosis and tortuous anatomy, leading to failure of catheterizing one side of prostatic supply, resulting in unilateral PAE, which markedly reduces clinical success. Major anastomosis between both prostatic halves can be exploited for embolizing the entire prostate from a unilateral approach when one side cannot be catheterized. If this anastomosis is extensive enough, clinical success is assumed to be equivalent to bilateral PAE. There is a limited number of published cases in this regard; our case report shows how to detect and exploit this anastomosis.
أثر العواصف الترابية على الإصابة بأمراض العيون في مدينة الرياض دراسة في المناخ التطبيقي للفترة (2001-2016م)
Authors: Seham.Saleh.Al.Alola Seham.Saleh.Al.Alola
Published: January 2020

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر العواصف الترابية على الإصابة بأمراض العيون في مدينة الرياض. ولتحقيق الهدف من الدراسة تم اتباع المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تم حصر وتحليل البيانات السنوبية لظاهرة العواصف الترابية والرملية في مدينة الرياض خلال الفترة (2001-2016م)، كما تم حصر بيانات الإصابة بهذه الأمراض في مدينة الرياض وقياس الارتباط بينها وبين تكرار العواصف الترابية. وأجرت الباحثة دراسة ميدانية للتعرف على آراء الأطباء حول أثر العواصف الترابية على الإصابة بأمراض الرمد، وأعراض الإصابة بأمراض العيون نتيجة التعرض للعواصف الترابية، وكذلك أساليب الوقاية من الإصابة بهذه الأمراض الناتجة عن التعرض للعواصف الترابية، حيث استخدمت في ذلك أداة الاستبانة، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من (145) طبيباً للعيون من العاملين بالمستشفيات وزارة الصحة، فيما تكونت عينة الدراسة من (26) طبيباً وطبيبة تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى انتشار ظاهرة العواصف الترابية بكثافة خلال فصلي الربيع والصيف. كما أن هناك علاقة ارتباطية دالة إحصائياً بين تكرار العواصف الترابية والإصابة بالأمراض على إختلاف أنواعها سواء كانت حساسية أو رمد وخلافه.
Religiousness, Problems and counseling needs and its relationship with psychological well-being among Elderly
Authors: Afraa Abdelarzaq Algian Afraa Abdelarzaq Algian
Published: January 2020

The aim of this current study is to identify the relationship between psychological well-being, Religiousness, and Problems and counseling needs to Elderly . As well as the differences between males and females in psychological well-being, Religiousness, and Problems and counseling needs. also the differences between the high level of education and the low level of education in all variables. This study includes a sample of Elderly (N= 100) (45male and 55female). researchers used psychological psychological well-being Scale, Religiousness Scale, and The List of Problems and counseling needs. the results showed that there is a relation between psychological well-being, Religiousness, and Problems and counseling needs to Elderly, and there is different between males and females in all variables, and different between the high level of education and the low level of education.
قصيدة المديح الإحيائية: البيعة والخلافة
Authors: Abdulmueen Hassan Balfas Abdulmueen Hassan Balfas
Published: January 2020

The study examines H?fidh Ibr?h?m's panegyric mad?h poem to the Neo-Classical pioneer poet, Ma?m?d S?m? al-B?r?d?, whose poetry is the cornerstone of the Neo-Classical School in the Modern Arabic literature. The main objective of this study is to understand the status of al-B?r?d? as the precursor of the Arab poetic revival of the modern age and of H?fidh as his successor. The poem acts as a poetic allegiance to al-B?r?d? on one hand, and a supplication for succession on the other. To support the descriptive approach which employs the critical analysis of the poetic texts, the study focuses on significant concepts such as H?fidh Ibr?h?m's panegyric mad?h poem as a poetic contrafaction (Mu'?radha) of al-Mutanabbi's d?liyyah, H?fidh's poetic voice (lyric I), the reconstruction of the traditional qas?dah with its themes and sections, and virtue as an essential factor for leadership in modern Arab community.
عصر الرسالة في المصادر النصرانية الشرقية: دراسة لتطور صورة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم- في كتابات المؤرخين السريان
Authors: Awad Abdullah S' Nahee al-Assiri Awad Abdullah S' Nahee al-Assiri
Published: January 2020

تتناول هذه الدراسة تطور صورة النبي – صلى الله عليه وسلم – في حوليات التاريخ السريانية التي كتبها مؤرخو الطوائف النصرانية السريانية في بلاد الرافدين، و الشام، وقد كانت هذه النوعية من المصادر محل اهتمام لدراسات سابقة ركّزت على صورة الإسلام "إجمالاً" في المصادر السريانية دون التركيز على صورة الرسول – صلى الله عليه وسلم- نفسه في تلك المصادر وهو السؤال الذي حاولت الدراسة الحالية الإجابة عليه. وتسلّط هذه الدراسة الضوء على ما ورد في الكتابات التاريخية السريانية عن النبي – صلى الله عليه وسلم ، منذ القرن السابع وحتى القرن الثاني عشر الميلادي، الأول وحتى الخامس الهجري، حول شخصية محمد – صلى الله عليه وسلم- مع دراسة تطور هذه الصورة طيلة خمسة قرون، مع تتبع المصادر التي اعتمد عليها المؤرخون السريان في تصويرهم الرسول – صلى الله عليه وسلم – له كزعيم دنيوي، أو حامل عقيدة جديدة، أم مدعي نبوة بحسب وجهة النظر السريانية.
آثار المكون البدوي في نشأة النقد العربي القديم
Authors: Hussain Mohammed A. Alqarni Hussain Mohammed A. Alqarni
Published: January 2020

يدرس هذا البحث جهود اللغويين النقدية المبكرة في القرن الثاني ومطلع الثالث الهجري (الثامن الميلادي) للإجابة على الأسئلة التالية: إلى أي مدى أثرت لغة الأعراب وثقافة البادية على مفاهيم النقد وعمل الناقد؟ وهل قدم ذلك النقد معايير منهجية للحكم على العمل الأدبي أو أسهم في وضع أسس للنظرية الأدبية؟ ما أبرز ملامح النقد اللغوي في هذا العصر وخصائصه؟ للإجابة عن هذه الأسئلة يحلّل هذا البحث عددًا من مؤلفات القرن الثامن الميلادي اللغوية والنقدية للكشف عند مدى حضور المنهجية في هذه الأعمال ووضوح المعايير النقدية، وللخروج بقراءة ناقدة تقارن بين جهود اللغويين النقدية وجهود غيرهم. كما يسعى البحث إلى الكشف عن الاتجاهات المختلفة والتطور في التأليف ضمن حقل النقد اللغوي وخاصة في إنتاج كتب الاختيارات الأدبية والمعايير النقدية الأساسية المستخدمة في تلك الحقبة مبيناً أهم المعايير التي اعتمدها النقد اللغوي لتقييم جودة الشعر.
الإسلام السياسي في النقد العربي: مراجعة في الخطاب
Authors: Adel Khamis Alzahrani Adel Khamis Alzahrani
Published: January 2020

منذ ظهور الأحزاب والجماعات الإسلامية في ستينات القرن الميلادي المنصرم حاول المفكرون والنقاد العرب المشاركة في النقاش القائم حول ظاهرة الإسلام السياسي (أو الإسلاموية) في العالم العربي. لم يكن كثير من هؤلاء المفكرين، أمثال نصر أبو زيد ومحمد أركون ومحمد العروي مع انتشار الظاهرة بشكل عام؛ فقد رأوا فيها نوعاً من الارتكاس، والتشبث بالماضي أكثر من كونها حركاتٍ معاصرةً تتماشى مع ظروف الواقع العربي. لكن هذا ليس الرأي الوحيد في النقاش، فقد كانت - ولا تزال - بعض وجهات النظر التي تقرأ الظاهرة من زوايا مختلفة. من أولئك المفكر تركي الربيعو، الذي قدم في كتابه (الحركات الإسلامية في منظر الخطاب العربي) تحليلاً شاملاً ومختلفاً، للدراسات والأعمال التي كُرِّستْ لظاهرة الإسلام السياسي. يحاول الربيعو إبراز بعض مواطن التناقض في أعمال من يُدعون بـ ’الكتّاب التقدميين‘. اليوم، لا يزال الجدل حول ظاهرة الإسلام السياسي محتدماً؛ وقد جاءت الأحداث السياسية منذ انطلاق القرن الحالي لتؤكد ذلك. لقد أثبتت الحركات الإسلامية دوماً قدرتها على التكيف مع الظروف، وإعادة تنظيم نفسها، وكسب ثقة شرائح واسعة من المجتمعات العربية. من هنا يحاول هذا البحث دراسة العوامل التاريخية والاجتماعية خلف ظهور وانتشار ظاهرة الإسلام السياسي، كما يحاول قراءة وتحليل النقاش الفكري حول الظاهرة من عدة زوايا، ليقف على مواطن القصور في فهم الخطاب النقدي العربي لديناميكية الحركات الإسلامية المعاصرة.
مفاهيم التدريب وأساليبه في تعليم اللغة العربية
Authors: Noah ibn Yahya Alshehri Noah ibn Yahya Alshehri
Published: January 2020

تناول الباحث في بحثه هذا مفاهيم التدريب وأساليبه التي يمكننا استخدامها في تعليم اللغة العربية، وذلك من خلال تطرقه لما تميّز به علم النحو من دور وظيفي ينمي المهارات اللغوية، وبيان موضع العلم بين الرسالة والصنعة، وكيفية التدرج فيه بالتدريب، كما يعرض مفهوم التدريب وأهميته، وطرقه وأساليبه، والفرق بينه وبين التعليم، مبيناً شيئاً من نماذج استخدم العلماء الأوائل لأساليب تدريبية، ويعرّج على التدريب على المهارات اللغوية، ذاكراً تجربته في تدريس مادة (التدريب العملي) لطلاب جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، وأهداف هذه المادة ومحاورها، وكيفية تقييم الطالب من خلال هذه المحاور، واختتم البحث بخاتمة مجملة ثم التوصيات.
دور إدارة المعرفة في تنمية أبعاد المواطنة الرقمية من وجهة نظر طلاب الدراسات العليا في جامعة الملك عبد العزيز
Authors: Othman Moses Aqeeli Othman Moses Aqeeli
Published: January 2020

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور إدارة المعرفة في تنمية أبعاد المواطنة الرقمية من وجهة نظر طلاب الدراسات العليا في جامعة الملك عبد العزيز؛ وذلك من خلال التعرف على دور إدارة المعرفة في تنمية البعد الأخلاقي، والبعد التكنولوجي، والبعد الاجتماعي للمواطنة الرقمية. واتّبعتِ الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وأعد الباحثان استبانةً طُبِّقت إلكترونيًّا، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من 80 طالبًا من طلاب الدراسات العليا في جامعة الملك عبد العزيز. وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة الدورَ الكبير لإدارة المعرفة في تنمية البعد الأخلاقي للمواطنة الرقمية، وأبعاده الفرعية؛ وهي: الوصول الرقمي، والقانون الرقمي، واللياقة الرقمية، والدورَ الكبير لإدارة المعرفة في تنمية البعد التكنولوجي للمواطنة الرقمية من خلال تنفيذ عمليات التجارة الرقمية، والثقافة الرقمية، والاتصال الرقمي، وتنمية البعد الاجتماعي بدرجة كبيرة من خلال ضمان الحقوق الرقمية، والأمن الرقمي، والسلامة الرقمية للمواطنين الرقميين. وفي ضوء تلك النتائج قدمت الدراسة بعضَ التوصيات بهدف تنمية المواطنة الرقمية، والكشفِ عن العلاقة بين مستوى الوعي بإدارة المعرفة ومهاراتِ المواطنة الرقمية لدى الطلاب الجامعيين.