bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic approaches for developing a culture of safety management in schools: Indications from literature studies
Authors: Bhebhe Sithulisiwe , Runhare Tawanda , Monobe Ratau J.
Published: July 2019

Natural disasters can take away children’s lives and their right to quality education. This article identifies and discusses strategies that schools can employ to prepare for and minimise the effects of natural disasters. Using theoretical propositions and literature on disaster management, the article discusses strategies for the prevention of and preparedness to respond to and recovery from natural disasters within a school setting. Evidence from research indicates that there are basic principles and practices of disaster management that school management and learners may not be aware of. Based on the identified theoretical principles and practices for disaster management, the article concludes that both state and non-state parties have disaster management responsibilities and therefore should formulate and disseminate the basic principles and practices of disaster prevention, preparedness and post-disaster therapy to schools because of the vulnerability of children to disaster. In addition, it also recommends that disaster management should be included in the school curricula through subjects like geography, science, social studies or civic education and life orientation or skills training.
Comparison of goniometric measurement reliability of hip joint flexion and proximal interphalangeal joint flexion in healthy adults
Authors: Okeke H.
Published: July 2019

Background For many reasons’ physiotherapists measure joint range of motion of their patients. There are usually variations in measurement values of each motion when measured either by the same person or by different observers. Also, reliability studies have resulted in varying levels of reliability coefficients. The purpose of this study was to compare the goniometric measurement reliability of a complex joint represented by the hip joint and a simple joint represented by proximal interphalangeal (PIP) flexion motions and to assess whether the two joint motions could be equally reliably measured by the same person under the same test and retest conditions. Method Thirty-three healthy subjects between the ages of 23 and 34 years participated. In order to assess the repeatability of measurements in the two selected joint motions, the r. level of each joint measurement was determined and their goniometric measurement reliability compared. Result Results were based on data collected by measuring the flexion range of motion of right hips and right middle finger PIP joints in normal adults. Statistical analyses indicated that there were significant differences between goniometric measurement reliability in hip and PIP flexion motions. Conclusion Two joints were goniometrically measured by the same tester under the same test condition. Reliability measurements results were compared in thirty-three adults. Based on the study, the researcher concluded that the goniometric measurement of hip flexion motion is more variable than that of PIP flexion motion.
CellBlockistry: Chemistry and art of cell-block making – A detailed review of various historical options with recent advances
Authors: Shidham Vinod B
Published: July 2019

Cell-blocks are paraffin-embedded versions of cytology specimens comparable to the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue from surgical pathology specimens. They allow various elective ancillary studies on a variety of specimens with enhanced cytopathologic interpretation, including opportunity to perform molecular tests. However, different dictionaries and internet search engines primarily project “cellblock” and “cell block” definition in relation to prisons. Most of the top searches lead to information related to “prison cells” followed by a few cytopathology-related searches. Due to this in the current review, it is recommended that the word for cytopathology purposes should be hyphenated and spelled as “cell-block.” Cell-blocks have been increasingly indicated on most cytology specimens. Its role is growing further with the ongoing addition of new immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers with technical advances including multicolor IHC and the SCIP (subtractive coordinate immunoreactivity pattern) approach. In addition, it is an important source of tissue for many ancillary studies even as archived material retrospectively at later stage of management if the cell-blocks are improved qualitatively and quantitatively. Because of this, the significance of cell-block is critical with the increasing number of molecular markers standardized predominantly on FFPE tissue. As compared to core biopsies, high-quality cell-blocks prepared with enhanced methodologies predominantly contain concentrated diagnostic tumor cells required for the molecular tests without significant stromal contamination. This review introduces the terminology of CellBlockistry as the science of studying chemistry and the art of achieving quantitatively and qualitatively improved cell-blocks from different types of specimens. The review addresses the cell-block making process as “cell-blocking” and discusses different historical limitations with emphasis on recent advances.
Foreword
Authors: GOLOB Nina
Published: July 2019

With the year winding down, when people tend to reflect on their accomplishments in the past months, we dare offer miscellaneous to boast the broadness that ALA has been gaining. This number of the ALA journal thus includes different views on a language, a variety of different methodologies used and languages discussed, as well as several applicable fields the research outcomes take us to. LI Wenchao in her work "Adjective Distribution in Modern Mongolian" investigates a scalar structure of adjective distribution in Mongolian to find out that, compared to Japanese, English, French, Mongolian only tolerates inherent resultatives. Jasmina BAJRAMI's article "Speech level shift in Japanese and Slovene" is a part of her PhD thesis, which she has just submitted to University of Ljubljana. In it she discusses formality and politeness in general, as well as the extent and the ways they are executed in a Japanese and Slovene conversation.        "Interpretation of Daba Script: Gemu from Wujiao Villag" written by XU Duoduo is a result of a fieldwork research on the Daba script found in the Daba Calendar entitled Gemu, which origins in Wūjiǎo village, the province of Sichuan. Nina GOLOB conducted a bidirectional perception experiment entitled "L1 Prosodic Interference: the Case of Slovene Students of Japanese", in which she evaluates L1 prosodic interference in recognizing (lexical) accent place in declaratives and interrogatives.An interesting project report on the successful implementation of the e-learning system for Japanese, Korean, Hindi and Sanskirt comes from Croatia. Written by Sara LIBRENJAK, Kristina KOCIJAN, and Marijana JANJIĆ it is entitled "Improving Students' Language Performance Through Consistent Use of E-Learning: An Empirical Study in Japanese, Korean, Hindi and Sanskrit".          Last but not least is a technical note by Qasier ABBAS "Semi-Semantic Annotation: A Guideline for the URDU.KON-TB Treebank POS Annotation", in which the author proposes annotation guidelines of semi-semantic parts of speech for the URDU.KON-TB treebank.
Effect of latitudinally displaced gravity wave forcing in the lower stratosphere on the polar vortex stability
Authors: Samtleben Nadja , Jacobi Christoph , Pišoft Petr , Šácha Petr , Kuchař Aleš
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In order to investigate the impact of a locally confined gravity wave (GW) hotspot, a sensitivity study based on simulations of the middle atmosphere circulation during northern winter was performed with a nonlinear, mechanistic, general circulation model.
To this end, we selected a fixed longitude range in the East Asian region (120–170∘ E) and a latitude range from 22.5 to 52.5∘ N between 18 and 30 km for the hotspot region, which was then shifted northward in steps of 5∘.
For the southernmost hotspots, we observe a decreased stationary planetary wave (SPW) with wave number 1 (SPW 1) activity in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere, i.e., fewer SPWs 1 are propagating upwards.
These GW hotspots lead to a negative refractive index, inhibiting SPW propagation at midlatitudes.
The decreased SPW 1 activity is connected to an increased zonal mean zonal wind at lower latitudes.
This, in turn, decreases the meridional potential vorticity gradient (qy) from midlatitudes towards the polar region.
A reversed qy indicates local baroclinic instability, which generates SPWs with wave number 1 in the polar region, where we observe a strong positive Eliassen–Palm (EP) divergence.
As a result, the EP flux increases towards the polar stratosphere (corresponding to enhanced SPW 1 amplitudes), where the SPWs with wave number 1 break, and the zonal mean zonal wind decreases.
Thus, the local GW forcing leads to a displacement of the polar vortex towards lower latitudes.
The effect of the local baroclinic instability indicated by the reversed qy also produces SPWs with wave number 1 in the lower mesosphere.
The effect on the dynamics in the middle atmosphere due to GW hotspots that are located northward of 50∘ N is negligible, as the refractive index of the atmosphere is strongly negative in the polar region.
Thus, any changes in the SPW activity due to the local GW forcing are quite ineffective.
Spatially variable hydrologic impact and biomass production
tradeoffs associated with Eucalyptus cultivation for biofuel
production in Entre Rios, Argentina
Authors: Heidari Azad , Watkins Jr. David , Mayer Alex , Propato Tamara , Verón Santiago , de Abelleyra Diego
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Climate change and energy security promotes using renewable sources of energy such as biofuels. High woody biomass production achieved from short rotation intensive plantations is an appealing strategy that is growing in many parts of the world. However, broad expansion of bioenergy feedstock production may have significant environmental consequences. This study investigates the watershed-scale hydrological impacts of eucalyptus plantations for energy production in a humid subtropical watershed in Entre Rios province, Argentina. A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was calibrated and validated for streamflow, leaf area index (LAI), and biomass production cycles. The model was used to simulate various eucalyptus plantation scenarios that followed physically-based rules for land use conversion (in various sizes and locations in the watershed) to study hydrological effects, biomass production and the green water footprint of energy production. SWAT simulations indicated that the most limiting factor for plant growth was shallow soils causing seasonal water stress. This resulted in a wide range of biomass productivity throughout the watershed. An optimization algorithm was developed to find the best location for eucalyptus development regarding highest productivity with least water impact. Eucalyptus plantations had higher evapotranspiration rates among terrestrial land cover classes; therefore, intensive land use conversion to eucalyptus caused a decline in streamflow, with February, January and March being the most affected months. October was the least-affected month hydrologically, since high rainfall rates overcame the canopy interception and higher ET rates of eucalyptus in this month. Results indicate that, on average, producing 1 kg of biomass in this region uses 0.8 m3 of water, and the green water footprint of producing 1 m3 fuel is approximately 2150 m3 water, or 57 m3 water per GJ of energy, which is lower than reported values for wood-based ethanol, sugar cane ethanol and soybean biodiesel.
Identifying uncertainties in simulated streamflow from hydrologic
model components for climate change impact assessments
Authors: Feng Dongmei , Beighley Edward
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Assessing the impacts of climate change on hydrologic systems is critical for developing adaptation and mitigation strategies for water resource management, risk control and ecosystem conservation practices. Such assessments are commonly accomplished using outputs from a hydrologic model forced with future precipitation and temperature projections. The algorithms used in the hydrologic model components (e.g., runoff generation) can introduce significant uncertainties in the simulated hydrologic variables, yet the identification and quantification of such uncertainties is rarely studied. Here, a modeling framework is developed that integrates multiple runoff generation algorithms with a routing model and associated parameter optimizations. This framework is able to identify uncertainties from both hydrologic model components and climate forcings as well as associated parameterization. Three fundamentally different runoff generation approaches: runoff coefficient method (RCM, conceptual), variable infiltration capacity (VIC, physically-based, infiltration excess) and simple-TOPMODEL (STP, physically-based, saturation excess), are coupled with Hillslope River Routing model to simulate streamflow. A case study conducted in Santa Barbara County, California, reveals that the median changes are 1–10 % increases in mean annual discharge (Qm) and 10–40 % increases in annual maximum daily discharge (Qp) and 100-yr flood discharge (Q100). The Bayesian Model Averaging analysis indicates that the probability of increase in streamflow can be up to 85 %. However, the simulated discharge uncertainties are large (i.e., 230 % for Qm and 330 % for Qp and Q100) with general circulation models (GCMs) and emission scenarios accounting for more than half of the total uncertainty. Hydrologic process models contribute 10–30 % of the total uncertainty, while uncertainty due to hydrologic model parameterization is almost negligible (
Catalan Atlas of 1375 and Hormuz around 1300
Authors: Liščák Vladimír
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In about 1375, Jewish cartographers from Palma (de Mallorca), Cresques Abraham and his son Jehudà, have produced an outstanding work of the Majorcan cartographic school of the fourteenth century, the Catalan Atlas. The atlas contained the latest information on Africa, Asia, and China, therefore it was considered to be the most complete picture of geographical knowledge as it stood in the later Middle Ages. There was also some up-to-date information. One of the most important innovations has concerned the port of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf and its shift from the mainland (Old Hormuz) to the island of Jerun (since then named Hormuz). My paper compares information about Hormuz in the Catalan Atlas with that in the original texts just before and after the relocation of the city and port.
Automated Extraction of Driving Lines from Mobile Laser Scanning Point Clouds
Authors: Ma Lingfei , Wu Tianyu , Li Ying , Li Jonathan , Chen Yiping , Chapman Michael
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This paper presents a novel approach to automated generation of driving lines from mobile laser scanning (MLS) point cloud data. The proposed method consists of three steps: road surface segmentation, road marking extraction and classification, and driving line generation. The voxel-based upward-growing algorithm was firstly used to extract ground points from the raw MLS point clouds followed by segmentation of road surface using a region-growing algorithm. Then, the statistical outlier removal filter was applied to separate and refine the road marking points followed by extracting and classifying the lane markings based on the geometric features of different road markings using empirical hierarchical decision trees. Finally, land node structures were constructed followed by generation of driving lines using a curve-fitting algorithm. The proposed method was tested on both circular road sections and irregular intersections. The smoothing spline curve fitting model was tested on the circular road sections, while the Catmull-Rom spline with five control points was used to generate the driving lines at road intersections. The overall performance of the proposed algorithms is promising with 96.0% recall, 100.0% precision, and 98.0% F1-score for the lane marking extraction specifically. Most significantly, the validation results demonstrate that the driving lines can be effectively generated within 20 cm-level localization accuracy at an average of 3.5% miscoding using MLS point clouds, which meets the requirement of localization accuracy of fully autonomous driving functions. The results demonstrate the proposed methods can successfully generate road driving lines in the test datasets to support the development of high-definition maps.
Evaluating earthquake-related ground failure mapping by combined traditional and modern methods
Authors: Nakano Takayuki , Une Hiroshi , Yoshida Kazuki , Fujiwara Satoshi , Kobayashi Tomokazu
Published: July 2019

Abstract. A wide range of ground failure such as earthquake faulting (surface rupture), landslides, and liquefaction occur after a large earthquake. In this study, in order to rapidly determine the distribution of failure over a wide area after an earthquake, we combined traditional methods such as aerial photo interpretation and modern methods such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) techniques. Moreover, elevation variations obtained using DEMs and the structure from motion and multi-view stereo (SfM-MVS) technique were employed to understand local ground deformation factors, such as reclaimed valley deformation. Using ortho-mosaic images, surface fissures caused by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake in Japan were rapidly interpreted and mapped, which enabled early interpretation of the ground failure situation. Furthermore, surface displacement properties extracted from SAR interferograms allowed for more advanced earthquake fault detection; surface displacement associated with liquefaction was also identified from SAR interferograms. In addition, InSAR was used to detect reclaimed valley deformation. Comparing this with the reclaimed valley distribution map created by the SfM-MVS technique improved our understanding of this phenomenon. However, many of these techniques require large amounts of manpower and time and can be influenced by differences in analyst skill level. In future, the development of mechanically automated ground failure identification will improve earthquake disaster responses.
Towards a new face for Planetary Maps: Design and web-based Implementation of Planetary Basemaps
Authors: Nass Andrea , Manaud Nicolas , van Gasselt Stephan , Hare Trent M.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Modern planetary maps are designed either as stand-alone products or as part of a map series and are commonly distributed in the Portable Document Format (pdf). With the advent of web-based map technology and its standardization, experimental steps towards digital-only and dynamic map display for planetary cartography have been made. Commonly, maps design and concepts were limited to the arrangement (stacking) of various data layers while any deeper cartographic concepts or questions about usability seemed to be of secondary importance. We here present a new cartographic approach of creating a web basemap for Mars by refining and integrating commonly available data and by building on a cartographic concept. The underlying concepts we elaborated upon are, however, valid for any other planetary body and are applicable in the same or at least very similar way to any other solar system body. With this approach we want to demonstrate that for the creation of web maps in the planetary sciences the cartographic process does not stop at the collection and literal stacking of data, but that dynamic planetary maps can have a considerably higher communication value through concepts and design. As much as web maps are dynamic, so are concepts and new developments, and we tried to implement a web basemap reflecting the common understanding and picture that laymen as well as professionals might have about Mars.
Challenges in creating a 3D participatory platform for urban development
Authors: Chassin Thibaud , Ingensand Jens , Lotfian Maryam , Ertz Olivier , Joerin Florent
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This paper aims at underling difficulties regarding the establishment of citizen engagement processes. The specificity of citizen engagement processes lies in their evolution over time where objectives, constraints, and latitudes of a given project influence the relevance of the tools offered to citizens. Three categories of urban projects (trans-urban, major metropolitan, architectural design) have been described. These classes range from a local space with short deadlines to a regional space spread over several decades. Furthermore, the use of 3D platforms for a broad public is influenced by the users’ preferences, perception, and expertise. Throughout this study, major challenges that have been experienced during the design a 3D participatory platform are identified. They range from the issues of implementing adequate tools according to the project (temporal and spatial scalability), the participation forms (passive, consultative or interactive), to the difficulties of convincing the authorities to use new bottom-up methods. Finally, a conceptual framework for the creation of a 3D participatory platform has been introduced. It can be summarized by three major steps: (1) Meeting the needs of a decision maker, (2) Designing the participation tool in accordance with the context, (3) Translating collected raw data in order to respond to the initial request.
Giving life to the map can save more lives. Wildfire scenario with interoperable simulations
Authors: David Walter , Giannino Francesco , Heathfield Duncan , Hubervic Antony , Aknai Attila , Sfetsos Athanasios , Piovan Silvia Elena
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In the Mediterranean region, drier and hotter summers are leading to more likely and severe wildfires. The authors propose an innovative approach for situational awareness by giving life to maps and exploiting interoperable GIS, hazard models, simulations, and interconnection analysis processes aimed to enhance preparedness and strengthen the resilience of responding organizations. The information related to a virtual city and its countryside has been implemented in the terrain of simulation systems. The TIGER wildfire model software has been adapted to a scenario where districts, refugee camps and critical infrastructures can be impacted by a fire and has been linked to a smoke dispersion model, and associated impacts to the electricity network and roads. The transfer of computed fire propagation and combustion data to the AI-powered SWORD simulation enable more accurate computing of damage and loss. In SWORD, civil protection, military assets and humanitarian actions can be performed for training and operation preparation. The simulation data about fire and assets’ deployments can feed a web app map or a command and control system, thus providing situational awareness for optimal decision-making, and analysis about people in danger, network interconnections and potential service disruption. Disaster managers and commanders can interact with simulated assets performing their chosen courses of action and analyse the outcomes.In conclusion, tests in a wildfire case study demonstrated a high level of interoperability among those systems and the possibility to provide updated situational awareness leading to better emergency preparedness and critical infrastructure resilience building, finally contributing to save more lives.
Obtenção e caracterização do extrato fluido de Genipa americana Linnaeus
Authors: Costa Rayssa Gomes , Da Silva Dayane Alves , Alves Suzana Ferreira
Published: July 2019

Introdução: O jenipapo, Genipa americana Linnaeus, possui importantes ações farmacológicas como a advinda dos fitoesterois presentes no fruto, cuja capacidade é abrandar os níveis de colesterol, bem como o iridoide genipina, o qual possui ação antioxidante, anti-inflamatória e antiangiogênica. O objetivo da pesquisa foi obter o extrato fluido do jenipapo e posterior caracterização físico-química, de forma a contribuir com a identificação do fruto proveniente do cerrado brasileiro. Metodologia: Para tanto, a metodologia abrangeu a obtenção do extrato hidroalcoólico por percolação e concentração deste em rotaevaporador, seguida das determinações de pH, teor de sólidos, densidade, Cromatografia em Camada Delgada (CCD), prospecção fitoquímica e doseamento de fenóis. Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados foram pH de 4,0, teor de sólidos de 0,48g/100g, densidade do extrato de 0,9835 g/mL, e fenóis totais de 5,33%. O perfil cromatográfico por CDD indicou a presença de flavonoides e iridoides. A prospecção fitoquímica apontou a presença de alcaloides, taninos, flavonoides e triterpenoides, saponinas e cumarinas, sendo todos estes metabólitos já descritos na literatura para a espécie estudada. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a extração por percolação foi um método eficiente, logo, os resultados encontrados permitiram caracterizar o extrato fluido obtido a partir dos frutos de Genipa americana L.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DAS ZONAS DE RECARGA E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS SISTEMAS FREÁTICOS DE IPORÁ - GO.
Authors: De Sousa Flavio Alves
Published: July 2019

– Neste trabalho foram mapeadas as áreas de recarga do lençol freático no município de Iporá, bem como as características como litologia, tipo de solos e ocupação das terras. Foi desenvolvido através de diversas frentes, como: mapeamento e identificação das áreas de recarga através de imagem de satélite e uso de software de geoprocessamento; caracterização dos tipos de solos relacionados às zonas de recarga; medição da condutividade hidráulica dos solos nas zonas de recarga; caracterização do sistema freático e utilização de cálculos para estimativa de recarga, reserva permanente e reserva explotável. Foram identificados dois sistemas freáticos: aquífero fraturado e de dupla porosidade, sendo o de dupla porosidade desenvolvido em formações sedimentares como Furnas, Ponta Grossa e Aquidauana e o fraturado sobre rochas cristalinas como granitos e gnaisses, além de rochas alcalinas como gabros e piroxenitos. Os aquíferos apresentam reservas estimadas baixas devido ao tipo de estrutura geológica predominante no município se constituída por rochas fraturadas. Palavras-chave: Freático; explotação; recarga.
ESTUDOS DOS IMPACTOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS APÓS A IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PROJETO DE IRRIGAÇÃO NO VALE DO SALITRE EM JUAZEIRO- BAHIA
Authors: Palha Amaral Adzamara Rejane
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo buscou pesquisar informações e dados em estudos bibliográficos referentes aos impactos socioculturais e ambientais na comunidade do Vale do Salitre no município de Juazeiro- Bahia, após a implantação do Projeto de Irrigação Salitre. Pode-se perceber que, o projeto, acarretou mudanças estruturais; tais como: tamanho dos lotes, tipo de produção de alguns cultivos pelas famílias que residem neste local, bem como na dinâmica social, cultural e identitária dos moradores do distrito do Salitre que foram afetados pela implantação do projeto de irrigação agrícola para o cultivo de cana de açúcar, visto que, nesta comunidade rural, antes predominava a agricultura de subsistência. Depois da sua implantação e com a chegada da energia elétrica e das novas técnicas de cultivo para a irrigação, mudou o cenário natural e a própria rotina do lugar, bem como aumentaram os conflitos gerados entre a gestão e o uso racional da água do rio Salitre e São Francisco.
ASPECTOS FÍSICO-QUÍMICOS DOS CÓRREGOS LIMEIRA E DO LAJEADO EM ÁREA DE CULTIVO DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR, NO MUNICÍPIO DE QUIRINÓPOLIS-GO
Authors: Sant'Ana Georgia Silveira , Silva Adriana Aparecida , Borges Vonedirce Maria Santos , De Castro Selma Simões
Published: July 2019

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os aspectos físico-químicos e biológicos da água dos córregos Do Lajeado (Bacia do Rio dos Bois) e Limeira (Bacia do Rio Preto), localizados no município de Quirinópolis/Goiás, que estão sob interferência do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, a fim de compará-los com os valores preconizados pela Resolução nº 357/2005 do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente – CONAMA. As coletas aconteceram à montante e à jusante de cada canal, no período de setembro de 2010 e março de 2011. Mediante as análises, principalmente nas porções à jusante dos córregos onde há mais interferência do cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, observou-se que estes apresentam indícios de impactos negativos decorrentes da forma de uso.
Palavras-chave: Saccharum spp; CONAMA; qualidade da água.
How Not to Analyze Israel: On the Limits of Moral Judgment
Authors: Gur Haviv Rettig
Published: July 2019

Two authors have produced two very different books about Israel, one a warning about its growing illiberalism and the other an argument that increasing pressure on Israel, including through violence, was the only historically successful way for outside powers to bring the Jewish state to compromise on the Palestinian issue. Together, the two books form a coherent whole, a narrative of an Israel that has grown comfortable with occupation even as its domestic fractures tear away at its democratic foundations. But these arguments are more anxiety than fact, condensing complex historical developments into the confines of narrow moral judgments. Israel is demonstrably more democratic and unified today than it was in the past—no high praise for Israel of yesteryear but undermining the argument about its alleged decline. And while it is certainly the case that Israel has often responded to war and terrorism with offers of ceasefire and even peace, it was the explosions of violence in the Second Intifada and Second Lebanon War that drove most Israelis to distrust peacemaking efforts for a generation. These complexities and more are missing from these books, and so render them less an examination of the real Israel and more an unintended exposition about the moral anxieties of Western observers of Israel.
Should We Narrow the Scope of “Racism” to Accommodate White Sensitivities?
Authors: Hardimon Michael
Published: July 2019

This article critically examines the proposal that the word “racism” should be restricted to the most egregious of racial ills. It argues that the costs of restricting the scope of the term in this way are too great and that the proposal gives too much weight to white sensitivities.
Traveling Elsewheres: Afropolitanism, Americanah, and the Illocution of Travel
Authors: Òké Rónke
Published: July 2019

This article follows a perplexing juncture in Chimamaanda Ngozi Adichie's 2013 novel Americanah: Ifemelu's choice to return back to Nigeria. Following the themes of “home,” “travel,” and “Africanness,” this article explores the link between the migration away from and to Africa and the apparent racelessness Ifemelu experiences as she crosses the fragmented racial zones between Nigeria and America. It challenges the claim that returning to Africa is counterintuitive and only a departure from the Continent is desirable, thus, analyzing the logic of travel concomitant with contemporary phenomenologies of Africanness (Afropolitanism). This analysis seeks to distinguish Afropolitanism from “Americanah” and to offer Americanah's emphasis on reverse migration as a counterweight to Afropolitanism's emphasis on extra-continental travel. Ifemelu's return opens up two questions in the context of this analysis: (1) What does the logic of travel offer to Ifemelu's racial identity as she comes to understand herself in two geospatial temporalities? and (2) What does the language of “home” as contrasted to the discomfort of travel, contributes to her ontological understandings of herself as African?
Is It Still Nationalism? A Critique of Ronald Sundstrom's “Sheltering Xenophobia”
Authors: Restrepo Daniel Alejandro
Published: July 2019

According to Ronald Sundstrom, nationalism shelters xenophobia by creating obstacles that prevent immigrants and refugees from attaining a sense of civic belonging. He uses the metaphor of sheltering to suggest that xenophobia becomes a by-product of nationalism in the right conditions. This is a misunderstanding of the relationship between nationalism and xenophobia. This article argues that nationalism is inseparable from xenophobia because certain core beliefs already presuppose some form of civic ostracism. These core beliefs are sovereignty and partiality. Despite the various noble causes behind nationalism—cultural preservation, survival, and liberation—its roots are grounded in the expulsion of foreign Others and preference for fellow nationals. Any attempts to reform nationalism must reckon with these two core beliefs. An ideology that abandons those beliefs would no longer be nationalism. In other words, there is no nationalism without xenophobia.
Estudio del incremento de la resistencia mecánica de cuerpos cerámicos para losetas cerámicas
Authors: González Fajardo A.S. , Vargas Gutiérrez G.
Published: July 2019

En el presente estudio se realiza una evaluación del efecto de cuatro aditivos sobre el cuerpo cerámico: ceniza volante, talco, caolín y feldespato; con el objetivo de determinar las mejores formulaciones que permitan desarrollar, después del ciclo térmico y sin modificaciones al proceso de producción actual de cierta empresa cerámica, microestructuras que incrementen la resistencia mecánica de losetas cerámicas de semigres. La obtención de las probetas cerámicas se llevó a cabo utilizando el procedimiento y la formulación propuesta por la empresa productora. Las propiedades estudiadas fueron porcentaje de contracción lineal, porcentaje de absorción de agua y resistencia mecánica a la flexión. Los ensayos correspondientes se realizaron de acuerdo con las normas correspondientes. El valor más alto de resistencia mecánica a la flexión resultó de 57,91 N/mm2 correspondiente a probetas cerámicas con la formulación optimizada: cuerpo estándar más 2 % de talco y 2 % de caolín.
Music Teachers’ Psychological Needs and Work Engagement as Predictors of Their Well-Being
Authors: Kang Sangmi , Yoo Hyesoo
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether music teachers’ psychological needs and work engagement predicted their well-being. The term “well-being,” referring to human optimal condition, was adopted from self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2001). Participants (n = 218) completed a survey that consisted of the Music Teacher Engagement Scale, the Music Teachers’ Psychological Need Measure (comprised of autonomy, competence, and relatedness), and the Subjective Well-Being Inventory (Sell & Nagpal, 1992). We conducted a stepwise multiple regression analysis using work engagement, autonomy, competence, and relatedness as the predictor variables and a composite well-being rating scale score as the criterion variable. For music teachers with 0 to 9 years and 30-plus years of experience, relatedness was the stronger predictor of well-being. However, among teachers who had 10 to 19 and 20 to 29 years of experience, competence was determined as a strong predictor.
Impact of a flipped classroom on academic achievement and perception among first year nursing students
Authors: El-Sheikh Amal Amin , El-Sayad Hanaa El-Sayed
Published: July 2019

Background: Flipped classroom has generated significant concern in nursing education in recent years, particularly in higher education. It can provide an innovative solution to the unmet challenges of traditional classroom. Using video helps students to learn content at their own pace and use their time in the classroom to attack difficult problems. Aim of the study: to study the impact of a flipped classroom on academic achievement and perception among first year nursing students.Methods: A quasi-experimental design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at Faculty of Nursing of Menoufia University. Subjects: A convenient sample of all first year undergraduate students (360) who were admitted to Faculty of Nursing and were included in fundamental of nursing course of the academic year 2017-2018 throughout second term. They were divided alternatively and randomly into two groups, 180 for each, group I: Exposed to the flipped classroom and group II: Exposed to the traditional lecture classroom. Tools: Three tools were used for data collection. Tool I: Structural interviewing questionnaire, tool II: student perception of flipped classroom and tool III: student achievement tool.Results: The results revealed that the study group achieved higher level of perception towards flipped classroom after the first aid unit and the majority of them (87.2%) did not have any prior experience of flipped classroom. 58.9% of the study group were strongly agree to appreciate learning with video and about two thirds of them (63.9%) strongly agree that it was easier and more effective to learn using flipped classroom. 65% of the study group were strongly agree that video made them learn more and about half of them (57.2%) strongly agree that video could replace traditional lectures completely. The means total score of students’ achievement were 22.22 ± 5.09 and 19.77 ± 5.50 among study and control group respectively.Conclusions: Students shared in the flipped classroom (study group) achieved higher level of perception. The study group had higher level of achievement scores than those in the control group.Recommendations: Similar studies should be carried out with a bigger sample in various courses and at various educational stages to generalize the findings.
Replacing oat hay with coffee husk in the feed of finishing lambs
Authors: Belan Lais , Rego Fabíola Cristine de Almeida , Castro Filipe Alexandre Boscaro de , Serafim Camila Cano , Gasparini Marta Juliane , Zundt Marilice , Ludovico Agostinho , Castilho Caliê , Cunha Filho Luiz Fernando Coelho , Eleodoro Josiane Ito
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of replacing oat hay with coffee husk for the feeding of confined lambs. In this study, 24 male Texel lambs of approximately 60 days of age and with a mean ± standard error weight of 21.95 ± 5.81 kg were examined. Their diet was composed of 30% oat hay and 70% concentrated feed per kilogram of dry matter. The experimental design was randomized and included four treatments (0, 7.5, 15, and 22.5% of coffee husk in the total dry matter), with six replicates of each treatment. The animals were slaughtered when they reached a mean live weight of 32 kg. There was no significant difference in dry matter intake and mean daily weight gain (which were 197 g day-1) among treatments. The mean daily weight gain (DWG) was not significantly affected (P > 0.05) by the replacement of oat hay with coffee husk in the diet, with the overall mean DWG being 215.05 g day-1. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) among treatments in any of the studied carcass variables, and the mean true carcass yield was 53.9%. The lambs presented a mean finishing score of 2.96 (on a scale of 1 to 5) and a conformation of 4.21 (on a scale of 1 to 6), characterizing them as good carcasses. In terms of economic viability, the 7.5% diet stood out as the one that had the highest profitability, generating a profit of $ 3.25 USD per kg of carcass produced. Coffee husk can therefore replace oat hay in the feed of finishing lambs in concentrations of 0.075 to 0.225 kg kg-¹ of total dry matter with biological and economical efficacy and generating good commercial carcasses.
Early Postoperative Radiographs Have No Effect on Orthopaedic Trauma Patient's Satisfaction With Their Clinic Visit
Authors: Schultz Blake J. , Bishop Julius A. , Hall Kimberley , Finlay Andrea , Gardner Michael J.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Patient satisfaction plays a prominent role in modern orthopaedic care, reimbursement, and quality assessment, even if it runs contrary to the “standard of care.” The literature shows that routine early radiographs after acute fracture care have no impact on clinical decision-making or patient outcomes, but little is known about their effect on patient satisfaction and understanding of their injuries. We hypothesized that eliminating these radiographs would negatively influence patient satisfaction scores with their clinic visit.

Methods:

One hundred patients were prospectively enrolled after acute fracture fixation. Half the patients obtained radiographs at the 2-week follow-up visit, whereas the other half did not. All patients completed a satisfaction survey about their clinic visit.

Results:

No difference was observed between the groups in overall satisfaction with the clinic visit (P = 0.62) or complications. However, patients with radiographs were more satisfied with the surgeon's explanations of their injury and progression (P = 0.03).

Conclusion:

Eliminating routine early postoperative radiographs had no effect on overall patient satisfaction with the clinic visit, but it did affect satisfaction with the surgeon's explanation of their injury. This could save time, money, and radiation exposure without adversely affecting patient outcome or satisfaction, but an equivalent educational tool should be identified for clinic visits.
Three-dimensional Printing Technology in Orthopaedics
Authors: Skelley Nathan Wm. , Smith Matthew J. , Ma Richard , Cook James L.
Published: July 2019

Three-dimensional (3-D) printing technology is affecting how orthopaedic surgeries are planned and executed. Like many innovations, 3-D printers are becoming smaller, more affordable, and more accessible. Free access to open-source 3-D imaging software has also made clinical implementation of this technology widely feasible. Within the last decade, 3-D printing advancements have improved the way orthopaedic surgeons can approach both common and complex cases. Advanced imaging studies can be used to create musculoskeletal models, which can then be used to create custom orthopaedic guides and instruments. Similarly, 3-D printing is being applied to improve the field of biologic therapies in orthopaedics. Application of 3-D printing technology has been associated with important improvements in education, preoperative planning, surgical care, and patient-specific devices and treatments. Improvements in cost-effectiveness, access, and usability of 3-D printing technology have made it possible for orthopaedic surgeons to use this powerful tool using desktop 3-D printers in their clinic or office. The types of printers and materials available to print are constantly expanding, but many of the basic 3-D printing principles persist throughout these advances in the field. A clear understanding of this technology is important to the clinical implementation of 3-D printing for current and future practice of orthopaedic care.
Los órdenes de justificación como marco analítico para el estudio de las prácticas económicas alternativas
Authors: José Luis Sánchez-Hernández  , Moro-Gutiérrez Lourdes
Published: July 2019

Este artículo emplea la teoría de los órdenes de justificación para estudiar las prácticas económicas alternativas que cuestionan el capitalismo. Los datos proceden de un cuestionario aplicado a participantes en 55 experiencias de seis ciudades españolas, y del análisis de once casos en Salamanca mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, observación directa y seguimiento de sus espacios virtuales. Estas iniciativas alternativas construyen comunidades igualitarias, autogestionadas, autónomas y respetuosas con la naturaleza. Sin embargo, para garantizar su funcionamiento interno y satisfacer las exigencias del entorno normativo, deben introducir métodos industriales y comerciales de índole empresarial que son legitimados a través de compromisos con los argumentos domésticos y ecológicos.
Actitudes públicas sobre la (in)seguridad energética evidencia de España
Authors: Muradova Lala , López Ortega Alberto
Published: July 2019

Este estudio investiga cómo perciben los ciudadanos los retos de la seguridad energética, analizando los datos originales de una encuesta realizada en una muestra de cuota de ciudadanos españoles (n=339). Los resultados demuestran que la seguridad energética en general y la asequibilidad de los precios de la electricidad en los hogares en particular son motivo de gran preocupación para los ciudadanos. Los ciudadanos mayores de nuestra muestra parecen estar más preocupados por el acceso equitativo a los servicios energéticos que la población más joven. Los ciudadanos con más educación parecen ser más conscientes de los riesgos de la seguridad energética. La creación de vínculos más estrechos entre el público y los responsables políticos, mediante la sensibilización sobre cuestiones energéticas y el fomento de un debate público en torno a la cuestión de la seguridad energética, podría reducir el desajuste entre las necesidades energéticas de los usuarios de energía y las políticas energéticas y, en última instancia, aliviar los problemas energéticos de los más desfavorecidos.
La cultura política federal en España cambios y consecuencias ante el reto catalán
Authors: Pérez Castaños Sergio , García Rabadán Jonatan García Rabadán
Published: July 2019

Tras las reformas estatutarias comenzadas en 2007, la situación sobre la territorialidad en España se ha visto alterada. Por ello, a través de un análisis multinivel, en este texto se pretende comprobar cómo es la perspectiva ciudadana ante la organización del Estado y si el reto catalán ha supuesto un cambio en la actitud e influencia de las principales variables de la cultura política y, por ende, en la configuración del perfil de los apoyos hacia la descentralización. Gracias al análisis se ha podido comprobar cómo, efectivamente, hay un cambio en la influencia de algunas de las variables, siendo lo más destacable la diferenciación existente en cada una de las comunidades autónomas del Estado.
Promoting Learner Autonomy Through Cooperative Learning
Authors: Shi Weixuan , Han Ligang
Published: July 2019

Learner autonomy has become a hot topic and goal in the research of foreign language education. However, it is the most difficult question to define language learner autonomy and any answer to it is likely to be subjective. On the basis of expounding upon the different definitions concerning the research on learner autonomy in language teaching and learning, this study was to explore how cooperative group learning helps to improve learner autonomy. The survey’s findings indicate that the group work helps to improve students’ learning attitude, interest and motivation. It also reveals that students’ language competence and awareness of using learning resources are improved. This article discusses plausible explanations for the survey findings and makes recommendations on the roles and knowledge that language teachers should play and have to facilitate the development of learner autonomy.
Developing Sub-wavelength Sound Absorber Based on Coiled Up Tube Resonator
Authors: Prasetiyo Iwan , Wongso Elsa Nalita , Sarwono Joko
Published: July 2019

Sub-wavelength sound absorbers are attractive for dealing with noise control at low-frequency (long-wavelength) sounds. To be efficient in absorbing the sound energy, resonator based absorbers are preferable over fibrous porous ones. In this paper, a coiling up space approach is introduced to a tube resonator system in order to realize a sub-wavelength absorber structure. In this way, the air channel of the tube resonator is a coplanar coiled up channel rather than a straight channel as found in conventional tube resonators. The effect of the geometrical properties of the aperture and the air channel were studied further to look at their relationship to impedance mismatch, which coiling up systems typically suffer from. It was found that the proposed approach could realize a sub-wavelength absorber system up to 1/32 wavelength of peak sound absorption. Selection of the shape and dimensions of the aperture must be done with great care as indicated by the measurement results. Moreover, the behavior of the coiled up tube resonator deviates from that of the straight tube as the reflection factor is increased, although the target resonance frequency is close to the target. It was also found that a squared aperture shape as well as increasing the cavity thickness is useful to deal with impedance mismatch.