bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validitas Laboratorium Virtual Filasik sebagai Materi Suhu dan Peneraan Termometer
Authors: Kertanegara Ganiestya Catur Adi , Anggaryani Mita
Published: October 2023

Laboratorium virtual berguna sebagai alternatif dari laboratorium riil dimana laboratorium virtual dapat meyediakan sarana-prasarana yang tidak tersedia pada laboratorium riil dan membantu mempersiapkan peserta didik untuk menghadapi pengalaman nyata pada laboratorium riil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui validitas media laboratorium virtual Filasik. Model penelitian yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation) dan tahap yang dilaksanakan sampai pada tahap pengembangan (development). Tahap analysis dilakukan analisis kebutuhan yang terdiri dari kebutuhan peserta didik dan sarana-prasarana laboratorium. Tahap design dilakukan perancangan produk menggunakan HTML5  dengan bahasa pemrograman javascript. Tahap development dilakukan pengembangan produk dan diujikan pada validator ahli. Lembar validasi terdiri dari 4 aspek yaitu aspek tampilan, aspek navigasi, aspek pegoperasian program, dan aspek kebermanfaatan. Hasil penilaian validasi laboratorium virtual Filasik yang dikembangkan sebesar 95% dan memiliki kualifikasi sangat baik serta keterangan valid dengan reabilitas hasil validasi sebesar 97%. Maka laboratorium virtual Filasik valid untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran pada materi suhu dan peneraan termometer.
Pengembangan Kartu Fisika Stop-Go (Fikaso) Pada Materi Gelombang Cahaya untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Ariantoro Alvian , Anggaryani Mita
Published: October 2023

Pendidikan merupakan bagian integral dalam kehidupan bangsa dan negara. Upaya yang telah ditempuh oleh pemerintah Indonesia adalah melakukan peningkatan kualitas pendidikan, mulai dari perbaikan kurikulum, kualitas pengajar, serta penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran. Kurikulum 2013 yang berlaku saat ini mendorong peserta didik untuk dapat lebih aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Akan tetapi, guru terkadang hanya mampu mengandalkan textbook sehingga tujuan pembelajaran tidak tercapai dan peserta didik kurang termotivasi untuk mempelajari materi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media yang mampu memfasilitasi kerja sama antara guru dan peserta didik, yaitu permainan kartu Fikaso. Lebih rinci, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan validitas, keefektifan, serta kepraktisan kartu Fikaso dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan model Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation (ADDIE). Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa kartu Fikaso yang telah dikembangkan dinyatakan: (1) Sangat valid atau sangat layak untuk digunakan dengan persentase rata-rata sebesar 89%, (2) Efektif dengan persentase keefektifan sebesar 73% dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan N-gain sebesar 0,56 yang dikategorikan sebagai peningkatan sedang, dan (3) Sangat praktis untuk digunakan dengan persentase rata-rata sebesar 92%.
Estresse em trabalhadores da Atenção Primária em Saúde no cenário da pandemia pela COVID-19: Reflexões à luz da Teoria de Betty Neuman
Authors: Lopes Angélica de Almeida Leite , Nascimento Roberta Zaninelli do , Oliveira Keila Cristina do Nascimento
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: refletir sobre estresse em trabalhadores da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no cenário da pandemia pela COVID-19, à luz da Teoria do Modelo de Sistemas de Betty Neuman; Metodologia: Trata-se de um Ensaio Teórico tendo como base uma Revisão Narrativa, sobre os principais preditores para o desenvolvimento do estresse em trabalhadores da APS, realizada no período de julho a novembro de 2022. Resultados: Foram selecionados 10 artigos para compor a formação desta pesquisa. Os artigos selecionados ressaltaram que os principais preditores que contribuem para o desenvolvimento do estresse em trabalhadores da atenção primária à saúde no cenário da pandemia da COVID-19 são os organizacionais, individuais, laborais e sociais. Considerações Finais: evidenciou uma crescente tendência de estresse em profissionais da atenção primária à saúde durante a pandemia da COVID-19, já que a saúde mental desses profissionais tem sido uma grande preocupação porque o sofrimento psíquico desperta alertas sobre a necessidade de intervenção, pois os profissionais estão cada vez mais expostos à estressores crônicos.
O uso da escopolamina para o controle da hipersecreção em pacientes em cuidados paliativos
Authors: Freitas Francisco Ariel Paz Santos , Uchôa Isabela Soares , Magalhães Maria do Amparo Veloso , Nascimento Suzanne Tatianne Teixeira
Published: October 2023

O presente estudo objetiva realizar uma revisão bibliográfica que evidencie o que a literatura disponibiliza sobre a utilização do Butilbrometo de Escopolamina para o controle da hipersecreção em pacientes em cuidados paliativos, sendo essa uma alternativa eficaz e de baixo custo. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada através de uma Pesquisa Baseada em Evidência tendo como questão norteadora: “O uso da Escopolamina para o controle da hipersecreção tem sido uma alternativa utilizada para tratamento de pacientes em cuidados paliativos? “. Utilizando os descritores: “Líquidos e Secreções, “Escopolamina” e "Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida" para realizar a busca dos estudos. A aplicação das estratégias de busca nas plataformas selecionadas o que resultou em uma amostra filtrada de 09 publicações, que compuseram esse processo revisional. O maior número de publicações acerca da temática, foram encontradas na base de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online – MEDLINE através da PUBMED, com um total de 5 dos 9 estudos da pesquisa tendo como idioma predominantemente utilizado o inglês. Através desta revisão bibliográfica foi possível perceber que a escopolamina pode ser utilizada para o controle da hipersecreção em pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Os estudos reforçaram que em pacientes em fase final de vida é comum o aumento da produção de secreções, muito associadas ao seu diagnóstico. Medidas não farmacológicas podem melhorar esse sintoma. A escopolamina assim como outras drogas anticolinérgicas, mostrou-se eficaz para o tratamento da hipersecreção.
Psychoeducational counseling and emotional adaptation of relatives of elderlies at the 'San Camilo' subcenter, year 2020
Authors: Maldonado Cañizares Paola Robertina , Peñafiel Villareal Ruth Esther , Muñoz Corrales Monica Lucrecia , Meza Velez Felix Leonardo , Jimenez Plaza Javier
Published: October 2023

This paper addresses aging in the third age as an ongoing developmental process and underscores the importance of considering e as active elderlies members of society, with new roles and contributions. It emphasizes that emotional balance during this stage is crucial, and Psychoeducational counseling is presented as a vital tool to assist individuals in confronting and accepting the challenges of aging. A mixed-method approach was employed, utilizing an inductive-deductive and exploratory methodology. Survey results reveal that a significant proportion of relatives of elderlies report that their loved ones struggle to accept their current situation. This underscores the need to cultivate a positive attitude toward old age and promote the idea that it is a natural phase of life. Psychoeducational counseling programs emerge as an effective solution to enhance the emotional adaptation of relatives of elderlies These programs not only offer psychological support but also contribute to the ongoing inclusion of elderlies in society and in their own final stage of life. This highlights the importance of addressing aging as a process of growth and development during the third age, where Psychoeducational counseling plays a pivotal role in supporting elderlies and their families in their emotional adjustment and acceptance of this life stage.
Os efeitos da realidade virtual como tratamento fisioterapêutico em pacientes com esclerose múltipla: Uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Valentim Lucas Manoel Santos , Teles Maria Cecília
Published: October 2023

Analisar os efeitos da realidade virtual como tratamento fisioterapêutico em pacientes com esclerose múltipla. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que foi feita uma busca nas bases de dados Pubmed/MEDLINE, PEDro, Lilacs, IBECS e Scielo. Utilizou-se a estratégia PICO para elaborar a questão de pesquisa e incluíram-se estudos com texto completo grátis, publicados no período de 2013 a 2023, nos idiomas Português, Inglês e Espanhol. O estudo incluiu cinco artigos. Embora mais pesquisas sejam necessárias, este estudo forneceu evidências de que a utilização da RV para a população com EM pode melhorar a autonomia e independência nas atividades de vida diária dos pacientes com EM. O tratamento baseado em RV em pacientes com esclerose múltipla é de grande relevância para a otimização do tratamento convencional para que tenha efeitos positivos na reabilitação dos déficits de funcionalidade.
El uso de herramientas digitales en los sistemas de gestión de la sustentabilidad
Authors: Manzano Sánchez Nayeli , Pineda Domínguez Daniel , Fernández Velázquez Michel , Naranjo Soriano Fabiola
Published: October 2023

La industria 4.0 se caracteriza por el uso de las herramientas digitales (HD) para hacer más efectivas las operaciones productivas y de esta manera apoyar a las empresas en el cuidado del medio ambiente. En los sistemas de gestión uno de los problemas que aborda es la sustentabilidad mediante la norma ISO 14000 con lineamientos para tal propósito. En esta investigación, realizada dentro del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, el objetivo general fue establecer un modelo que relaciona las herramientas digitales como apoyo tecnológico para el resguardo de información y operación del Sistema de Gestión de Sustentabilidad (SGS), suponiendo que el manejo eficaz de las HD hace más eficiente el SGS. La correlación obtenida entre las variables fue de 0.59 y altas correlaciones entre las dimensiones de dichas variables. Mediante la representación de un modelo, se presentan acciones para mejorar el uso de las HD y obtener mejores resultados en el SGS.
O abandono da mulher idosa na pandemia pela Covid-19: Um olhar dos profissionais de saúde
Authors: Lima Catiuscia Fonseca , Marins Aline Miranda da Fonseca , Chrizostino Mirian Marinho , Fonseca Ivan Freire , Santos Thais Menezes dos , Pinto Ana Cristina Silva
Published: October 2023

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer a situação do abandono da mulher idosa no contexto da pandemia pela Covid-19, na perspectiva dos profissionais de saúde, em uma unidade referência no atendimento à saúde da pessoa idosa. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da entrevista semiestruturada com doze profissionais de saúde, os quais atuam em uma unidade de atenção à saúde, localizada no município do Rio de Janeiro-RJ. A análise de dados foi construída através do método híbrido Hermenêutica-dialética. Foi possível identificar que os profissionais entendem o que seja abandono vivido por idosos, bem como sabem como identificá-lo. Essa percepção acontece, geralmente, por meio da visita domiciliar. Entretanto, observa-se, também, a dificuldade dos entrevistados em compreender a problemática para além do que é possível visualizar nessas visitas ou o que é narrado pelos familiares e/ou vizinhos da mulher idosa. É notório o esforço da equipe na articulação com os equipamentos disponíveis, porém, do poder público com os sistemas de atenção ao idoso dificulta o cuidado e a garantia de direitos desses sujeitos. Verificou-se a intensificação do abandono, no contexto da pandemia. No entanto, o cenário vivenciado pelos sujeitos possibilitou maior visibilidade a essa problemática. Os resultados direcionam para novos estudos com aprofundamento, por meio da ampliação para outros territórios na cidade do Rio de Janeiro.
Compensação ambiental devido à intervenção em APP em um empreendimento de extração de pedras no município de São Thomé das Letras - MG
Authors: Rodrigues Patrícia da Costa , Andrade Marielle Rezende de
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a compensação ambiental decorrente de intervenção em APP, prevista na Resolução CONAMA nº 369, de 2006, em uma pedreira localizada no município de São Thomé das Letras, MG, demonstrando a sua importância para a exploração controlada, de maneira a garantir que o desenvolvimento econômico tente caminhar em paralelo à manutenção da qualidade do meio ambiente. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa foi o estudo de caso, que teve base teórica por meio de pesquisas em artigos técnicos, relatórios, dissertações de mestrado, teses de doutorado, juntamente com a literatura disponível. A realização das medidas compensatórias faz com que o desenvolvimento socioeconômico caminhe juntamente com a preservação do meio ambiente, desde que todos os envolvidos façam sua parte, garantindo emprego e renda para os funcionários das pedreiras, já que a atividade de mineração é a principal fonte desses recursos no município. Dessa forma, a compensação ambiental pode atuar como uma forma de conciliar o desenvolvimento socioeconômico com a preservação ecológica, operando como um instrumento para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Mas para isso é essencial que exista um equilíbrio econômico-ambiental, onde não se estabeleçam medidas de compensação que inviabilizem projetos realmente necessários e onde não se permita um desenvolvimento de atividade com grande potencial de degradação, mesmo acompanhado de compensação ambiental. Apesar dos avanços almejados, o ideal de se ter um sistema coeso permanece longe de acontecer e muito ainda deve ser feito para garantir o cumprimento da legislação e a devida fiscalização.
Licenciamento Ambiental: Uma análise entre desenvolvimento econômico e conservação
Authors: Rodrigues Patrícia da Costa , Andrade Marielle Rezende de
Published: October 2023

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar o processo de Licenciamento Ambiental para avaliar sua eficácia na conciliação entre desenvolvimento econômico e preservação ambiental. Para isso será estudado a avaliação da qualidade ambiental no processo de licenciamento que visa garantir que a atividade proposta seja realizada de forma compatível com a preservação e a proteção do meio ambiente, evitando impactos adversos significativos, onde a Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente (PNMA) é um marco legal fundamental no Brasil para a gestão ambiental e o licenciamento de atividades que possam impactar o meio ambiente. Os tipos de licença ambiental são definidos pela legislação de cada país e que sua obtenção é um processo administrativo pelo qual órgãos ambientais avaliam a viabilidade e as condições para a instalação, ampliação ou operação de atividades ou empreendimentos que utilizem recursos naturais ou possam causar impactos ambientais. O resultado mostra que o licenciamento ambiental é uma ferramenta valiosa na busca pelo equilíbrio da preservação ambiental. No entanto, é importante reconhecer os desafios que ele apresenta trabalhando para aprimorar o processo, garantindo que ele seja eficaz, transparente e justo para todas as partes envolvidas. A colaboração entre governos, empresas e comunidades é essencial para garantir que o licenciamento cumpra o seu propósito de forma eficiente e sustentável. Conclui-se que o licenciamento ambiental representa um avanço significativo na proteção do meio ambiente e na legislação e que é possível observar que ao longo dos últimos 40 anos a questão ambiental ganhou destaque nas preocupações do dia-a-dia.
Exercício aeróbico aumenta performance durante o treinamento em ratos programados durante a lactação por dieta de baixa proteína
Authors: Cordova Fernando Araldi , Jacomelli Paulo Roberto , Matiusso Camila Cristina Ianoni
Published: October 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo demonstrar os efeitos do exercício físico aeróbico de moderada intensidade em ratos oriundos de uma linhagem materna que tiveram uma dieta de baixa quantidade de proteínas durante a lactação. Foram analisados consumo alimentar, evolução ponderal, principais estoques de gordura corporal e concentrações de glicose no plasma de animais submetidos ao teste de tolerância à glicose intravenoso. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos de 80 dias e fêmeas 70 dias que foram submetidos a 5 dias de adaptação, posterior á isso, houve o cruzamento na proporção de um macho para três fêmeas. Após o nascimento, foram divididos em dois grupos experimentais, o que recebeu dieta controle durante a lactação (NP – 20,5% de proteína) ao mesmo tempo que outro grupo foi alimentado com dieta de baixa proteína (LP – 4% de proteína) nos primeiros 14 dias de lactação. Com vinte e um dias, os animais foram desmamados. Aos 30 dias os animais formam subdivididos em NP-EX (submetido a exercício físico aeróbico de moderada intensidade durante 60 dias), NP-SD (sedentário), LP-EX (submetido a exercício físico aeróbico de moderada intensidade durante 60 dias) e LP-SD (sedentário). Através dos resultados obtidos, foi observado que, por meio de uma dieta hipoproteica durante parte da lactação, os animais obtiveram um baixo peso, um rápido catch-up e asseguraram o peso na vida adulta. Ademais, apresentaram uma alteração na homeostase da glicose. Entretanto, quando submetidos ao exercício físico aeróbico de moderada intensidade, normalizaram os efeitos que foram alterados devido a programação pela dieta hipoproteica.
Tracing metabolic pathways in a spectrum of inherited diseases
Authors:   , Broeks Melissa Henrike
Published: October 2023

Gaining insight into the pathophysiology of rare genetic disorders is of great importance for both diagnosis and treatment. A valuable tool in identifying and characterizing these diseases is untargeted metabolomics, a method that allows the analysis of thousands of substances with just a small biological sample. Revealing a metabolic fingerprint can provide deeper insights into the complex biochemical processes occurring in cells and tissues. This thesis focuses on understanding the pathophysiology of various rare genetic diseases using untargeted metabolomics and stable isotope tracing in cell models. Specifically, the thesis focuses on disorders in the malate-aspartate shuttle and rare hereditary anemias.
The malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS) is a metabolic process that is particularly important for cells with high energy demands, such as the central nervous system. The MAS is important for intracellular NADH oxidation and regenerates cytosolic NAD+ via the enzyme malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1). We reported a deficiency in MDH1 for the first time in two patients, along with the discovery of a biomarker aided by untargeted metabolomics. In a literature review we compared our clinical and biochemical findings to the phenotypes of other MAS disorders, and concluded that there are currently no specific markers to support clinical diagnosis and that disturbed redox homeostasis in MAS disorders affects multiple NAD+-dependent pathways with complex consequences due to compartmental and tissue-specific expression of the components. We further investigated the metabolic consequences of MAS disorders cellular models and found that disruption of the MAS results in impaired serine biosynthesis, a crucial amino acid for the brain. Combined with clinical evidence of improvement of neurodevelopment upon serine supplementation, these findings suggest that patients with MAS disorders may benefit from serine supplementation.
Rare hereditary anemias are conditions characterized by a genetic cause leading to a shortage of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood. Since there are still significant gaps in understanding the clinical heterogeneity, genotype-phenotype correlations, and pathophysiology of these disorders, we introduced untargeted metabolomics as a novel investigative tool. In this thesis we studied three types of hereditary anemias: Pyruvate kinase deficiency, Diamond Blackfan anemia and hereditary spherocytosis, and evaluated the diagnostic application of metabolomics in anemia in dried blood spots of patients. Using obtained metabolic fingerprints and machine learning, we were able to make predictions regarding the exclusion or identification of diagnoses for PKD and DBA of anemia. Additionally, we identified pathophysiological leads for future research and explored associations of the metabolic fingerprint with clinical phenotypic heterogeneity.
Overall, the versatile aspects of untargeted metabolomics in clinical and diagnostic applications hold great promise for the field of rare genetic diseases.
Colchicine Intoxication Subsequent to an Autolytic Attempt with Positive Evolution
Authors: Nieto Martino Beatriz , Ramírez Lajones Walter Andrés , Alonso Ovies Ángela
Published: October 2023

Background and objectives: Colchicine is a drug that has been used to treat gout for several centuries, it is also indicated in certain autoimmune diseases and has been tested as a chemotherapeutic. Only a few cases of intoxication by this drug have been described, but it is known that it has a narrow therapeutic margin (0.5 to 0.8 mg/kg), almost always resulting in fatal results above these limits. Regarding therapeutic management, the initiation of supportive measures is essential. Initial strategies are gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal and fluid resuscitation aimed at preventing renal failure.

Case report: A 63-year-old man with a history of spondylodiscitis and gouty arthropathy, receiving colchicine treatment. He reported abdominal symptoms with nausea, vomiting, watery stools, and diffuse pain after taking 36 tablets of 1 mg of colchicine due to exacerbation of arthralgias (the patient later recognized the autolytic ideation). He was hospitalized in the ICU due to hemodynamic instability, severe pancytopenia, respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation and non-oliguric acute renal failure. The patient improved and was discharged from the ICU after 14 days.

Conclusions: Colchicine poisoning is rare and has high mortality despite the favorable evolution of our patient. There is no specific treatment at the moment and management should emphasize early admission to the ICU, close monitoring and organ support measures.
Neolithic Traditions on the Northern Periphery of the Dalmatepe Culture
Authors: Guliyeva Zeyneb
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to reveal the factors that determine the features of the Neolithic-Chalcolithic transition in the South Caucasus and the spread of the Dalmatepe culture in the region during this period.

The novelty of this study lies in the confirmation of the Neolithic traditions of Azerbaijan in the Nakhchivantepe layer of the Dalmatepe period, as well as the identification of the boundaries and distinctive features of the northern periphery of the Dalmatepe culture.

The results of the study indicate that Nakhchivantepe was the main center of Dalmatepe culture in the South Caucasus. Pottery samples found in the nearby settlements of Uchan Agyl, Uzunoba, Bülovgaya, as well as in the settlement of Godedzor on the territory of Zangazur, make it possible to include the Nakhchivanchay river valley and the Zangazur ridge in the northern periphery of the Dalmatepe culture.

The settlement of Nakhchivantepe is the main center of this periphery and demonstrates a transition from the Neolithic to the Chalcolithic culture in its stratigraphy. The pottery found in the settlement is divided into four main categories: simple chaff-tempered pottery, surface-manipulated pottery, red-slipped pottery, and painted pottery.

Simple chaff-tempered pottery (Group I) reflects the characteristics of the Kültepe culture (6372-5200), which appeared in the Neolithic period in the Nakhchivanchay valley. Neolithic traditions are also traced in the typology of simple ceramic vessels. Other groups of ceramics (II-IV) are similar to the materials typical for the Dalmatepe culture sites. However, in contrast to the south, ceramics with surface-manipulated ornaments are even more ancient on the northern periphery of the Dalmatepe culture. Some of the specimens are similar to the surface-manipulated ceramics of the Late Neolithic sites of Mil-Karabakh. The findings of this study confirmed the influence of the Azerbaijani Neolithic cultures on the Dalmatepe culture and identified the factors responsible for its spread.
Structure № 18 of ‘Near Suburbs’ of Dykyi Sad Fortified Settlement
Authors: Horbenko Kyrylo , Smyrnov Leonid , Zhyrok Yurii
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research paper is to characterize and determine the arrangement and constructional features of structure № 18 located within the territory of the ‘Near Suburbs’ of Dykyi Sad fortified settlement dated to the Final Bronze Age (12/13-12/11 centuries BCE).

Scientific novelty. The constructional features of the walls of the structure’s stone foundations construction and the nature and structure of its utility pits filling are analyzed. Localization and description of specific material objects (pottery, bronze items, stone and horn produced items) found in the filling of the structure and pits are presented.

Conclusions. It is found out that structure № 18, based on the constructional features of the construction, the nature, and filling of the pits, as well as the found artifacts, can be classified as residential, deepened construction. It was probably the house of a large family engaging in metalwork (stone and horn produced items and a trove of bronze items near the house). In terms of construction, the structure was a part of a single system of buildings of the ‘Near Suburbs’ of Dykyi Sad which followed the bend of the moat of the ‘Citadel’ (structures № 21, 13, 17, 18, 22, and found, but not studied structure № 23). The context of their location shows that the building system of this part of the fortified settlement had a radial-ring character. It formed the additional protection for the ‘Citadel’. This fact indicates the sustainability of the entire fortified settlement.

Almost all the structures of the ‘Near Suburbs’, practically, are built according to the same principle and have similar characteristics – they are built at the same distance from the moat, deepened for more than one meter to the subsoil, and have strong stone foundations. Only structure № 17 with outbuildings on both sides is singled out (ground-based wattle and daub construction without stone foundations).

Structure № 18 is typical for Dykyi Sad fortified settlement itself as well as for other settlements of the Western part of the Upper Black Sea region of the Final Bronze Age (post-Sabatynivka and early Bilozerka times).
Podillia Church Historical and Archaeological Society in the Study of Archaeological Heritage
Authors: Zemskyi Yurii , Trygub Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research paper is to analyze the role of Podillia Church Historical and Archaeological Society (1865-1920) in the study of archaeological heritage and to determine its significance in the overall heritage of its scientific achievements.

Scientific novelty. After studying the documentary sources it has been found out that during its activities Podillia Church Historical and Archaeological Society evolved from an amateur group into a true center of historical research in Podillia, and archeology became one of the main components that secured the Society recognition and authority in scientific circles at the end of the 19th century – early 20th century.

Conclusions. In order to write the history of Podillia with pro-Russian ideological content, a group of priests and local intellectuals at Podillia Theological Seminary was organized and got the name of the Committee for Historical and Statistical Description of Podillia Eparchy. Over the years, the Committee had grown into a full-fledged center for studying the history of Podillia, called Podillia Church Historical and Archaeological Society, whose work had acquired scientific features, and the areas of research and their content had gone far beyond the tasks set by the ruling elite.

The high level of organization and results of research in the field of archeology ensured the Society to be recognized in the academic world at the end of the 19th – early 20th century. And such achievements as the collecting and well-argued systematization of the collection of archaeological objects, as well as the system of the compiled Archaeological Map of Podillia, are patterns that retain their relevance and meaning to this day. Such a high assessment of the results of the Society’s activities was given by authoritative Ukrainian historians of that time, such as V. Antonovych, D. Doroshenko, I. Krypiakevych, and O. Ohloblyn.

From the experience of the Society, it follows that the main condition and reason for its progressive evolution was the very content of Ukrainian history, the objective study of which naturally formed individual national self-awareness and fostered patriotism.
cxcl12a plays an essential role in pharyngeal cartilage development
Authors: Wei Zhaohui , Hong Qiang , Ding Zijiao , Liu Jingwen
Published: October 2023

Background: Neural crest cells constitute a distinct set of multipotent cells that undergo migration along predefined pathways, culmination in the differentiation into a plethora of cell types, including components of the pharyngeal cartilage. The neurocranium is composite structure derived from both cranial neural crest and mesoderm cells, whereas the pharyngeal skeletal elements-including the mandibular and branchial arches-are exclusively formed by craniofacial neural crest cells. Previous studies have elucidated the critical involvement of the chemokine signaling axis Cxcl12b/Cxcr4a in craniofacial development in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Nonetheless, the function contribution of Cxcl12a and Cxcr4b-the homologous counterparts of Cxcl12b and Cxcr4a-remain largely unexplored.

Methods: In the present study, mutant lines for cxcl12a and cxcr4b were generated employing CRISPR/Cas9 system. Temporal and spatial expression patterns of specific genes were assessed using in situ hybridization and dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques. High-resolution confocal microscopy was utilized for in vivo imaging to detect the pharyngeal arch or pouch patterning. Additionally, cartilage formation within the craniofacial region was analyzed via Alcian blue staining, and the proliferation and apoptosis rates of craniofacial neural crest cells were quantified through BrdU incorporation and TUNEL staining.

Results: Our data reveals that the deletion of the chemokine gene cxcl12a results in a marked diminution of pharyngeal cartilage elements, attributable to compromised proliferation of post-migratory craniofacial neural crest cells. Subsequent experiments confirmed that Cxcl12a and Cxcl12b exhibit a synergistic influence on pharyngeal arch and pouch formation.

Conclusion: Collectively, the present investigation furnishes compelling empirical evidence supporting the indispensable role of Cxcl2a in craniofacial cartilage morphogenesis, albeit cxcr4b mutants exert a minimal impact on this biological process. We delineate that Cxcl12a is essential for chondrogenesis in zebrafish, primarily by promoting the proliferation of craniofacial neural crest cells. Furthermore, we proposed a conceptual framework wherein Cxcl12a and Cxcl12b function synergistically in orchestrating both the pharyngeal arch and pouch morphogenesis.
The highly and perpetually upregulated thyroglobulin gene is a hallmark of functional thyrocytes
Authors: Ullrich Simon , Leidescher Susanne , Feodorova Yana , Thanisch Katharina , Fini Jean-Baptiste , Kaspers Bernd , Weber Frank , Markova Boyka , Führer Dagmar , Romitti Mirian , Krebs Stefan , Blum Helmut , Leonhardt Heinrich , Costagliola Sabine , Heuer Heike , Solovei Irina
Published: October 2023

Abnormalities are indispensable for studying normal biological processes and mechanisms. In the present work, we draw attention to the remarkable phenomenon of a perpetually and robustly upregulated gene, the thyroglobulin gene (Tg). The gene is expressed in the thyroid gland and, as it has been recently demonstrated, forms so-called transcription loops, easily observable by light microscopy. Using this feature, we show that Tg is expressed at a high level from the moment a thyroid cell acquires its identity and both alleles remain highly active over the entire life of the cell, i.e., for months or years depending on the species. We demonstrate that this high upregulation is characteristic of thyroglobulin genes in all major vertebrate groups. We provide evidence that Tg is not influenced by the thyroid hormone status, does not oscillate round the clock and is expressed during both the exocrine and endocrine phases of thyrocyte activity. We conclude that the thyroglobulin gene represents a unique and valuable model to study the maintenance of a high transcriptional upregulation.
Augmenting mesenchymal stem cell therapy for osteoarthritis via inflammatory priming: a comparative study on mesenchymal stem cells derived from various perinatal tissue sources
Authors: Xia Xinzi , Sui Yue , Zhou Jiawen , Li Shanshan , Ma Xiang , Jiang Jiang , Yan Yaping
Published: October 2023

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disease prevalent among the elderly, poses significant challenges due to its high incidence and disability rates. Regrettably, there exists a lack of effective regenerative therapies for the irreversible degradation of cartilage in OA. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), known for their robust differentiation and immune regulatory capabilities, have emerged as promising candidates for OA treatment. MSCs sourced from perinatal tissues offer the dual advantage of convenience in extraction and ethical non-controversy. However, the heterogeneous nature of MSCs derived from different perinatal tissue sources gives rise to varying therapeutic indications. Moreover, the immune response of MSCs may be modulated under the influence of inflammatory factors.

Methods: In this study, we isolated mesenchymal stem cells from distinct parts of human perinatal tissue: umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs), fetal placenta-derived MSCs (FP-MSCs), and umbilical cord placental junction-derived MSCs (CPJ-MSCs). These cells were cultured in vitro and subjected to a 24-hour treatment with the inflammatory mediator Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Subsequently, the MSCs were evaluated for changes in proliferation, migration, and regulatory capabilities. To assess the comparative anti-injury potential of MSCs from different sources, primary articular chondrocytes (ACs) were exposed to H2O2-induced injury and co-cultured with IL-1β-primed MSCs. Changes in the proliferation, migration, and regulatory abilities of ACs resembling those observed in OA were examined.

Results: Following IL-1β treatment, all three types of MSCs displayed decreased rates of proliferation and migration. Notably, their chondrogenic differentiation capacities exhibited an enhancement. Additionally, diverse MSCs exhibited a degree of efficacy in restoring damaged ACs in vitro. Among these, CPJ-MSCs demonstrated superior potential in promoting cartilage cell proliferation, while FP-MSCs displayed notable anti-inflammatory effects.

Conclusion: Our findings underscore the substantial capacity of primed FP-MSCs and CPJ-MSCs to alleviate the injury in OA-like ACs. Consequently, this study advocates for the prospective use of preconditioning strategies involving FP-MSCs and CPJ-MSCs in forthcoming OA therapies.
Computational methods for in situ structural studies with cryogenic electron tomography
Authors: Zhao Cuicui , Lu Da , Zhao Qian , Ren Chongjiao , Zhang Huangtao , Zhai Jiaqi , Gou Jiaxin , Zhu Shilin , Zhang Yaqi , Gong Xinqi
Published: October 2023

Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) plays a critical role in imaging microorganisms in situ in terms of further analyzing the working mechanisms of viruses and drug exploitation, among others. A data processing workflow for cryo-ET has been developed to reconstruct three-dimensional density maps and further build atomic models from a tilt series of two-dimensional projections. Low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and missing wedge are two major factors that make the reconstruction procedure challenging. Because only few near-atomic resolution structures have been reconstructed in cryo-ET, there is still much room to design new approaches to improve universal reconstruction resolutions. This review summarizes classical mathematical models and deep learning methods among general reconstruction steps. Moreover, we also discuss current limitations and prospects. This review can provide software and methods for each step of the entire procedure from tilt series by cryo-ET to 3D atomic structures. In addition, it can also help more experts in various fields comprehend a recent research trend in cryo-ET. Furthermore, we hope that more researchers can collaborate in developing computational methods and mathematical models for high-resolution three-dimensional structures from cryo-ET datasets.
British and Irish newspapers implicitly support single-use masks over reusable face coverings
Authors: Augé Anaïs , Tenbrink Thora , Spear Morwenna , Abrams Nathan
Published: October 2023

Introduction

The environmental impact of waste caused by single-use masks or face coverings is an under-considered effect associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The combination of the protective purpose of face masks and their potential environmental impacts through littering or waste management means the wearing of face masks is simultaneously associated with the health crisis and creation of a new environmental challenge, combining two strands of journalism.

Methods

Our study demonstrates how the discourse in British and Irish newspapers in the March 2020-December 2021 time frame relates to this problem. By a combination of quantitative and qualitative discourse analysis, we identify concepts commonly associated with the terms “face-covering” and “mask,” particularly concerning whether they refer to a disposable or reusable item.

Results

Results suggest that the newspaper discourse generally favored references to single-use surgical masks. Newspapers reported on the environmental impact of face masks only in very limited ways.

Discussion

We propose that the increase in waste caused by face masks can be related to prevailing representations of single-use surgical masks and limited attention paid to environmental concerns.
New treatment methods for myocardial infarction
Authors: Sun Bingbing , Wang Long , Guo Wenmin , Chen Shixuan , Ma Yujie , Wang Dongwei
Published: October 2023

For a long time, cardiovascular clinicians have focused their research on coronary atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and acute myocardial infarction due to their high morbidity, high mortality, high disability rate, and limited treatment options. Despite the continuous optimization of the therapeutic methods and pharmacological therapies for myocardial ischemia–reperfusion, the incidence rate of heart failure continues to increase year by year. This situation is speculated to be caused by the current therapies, such as reperfusion therapy after ischemic injury, drugs, rehabilitation, and other traditional treatments, that do not directly target the infarcted myocardium. Consequently, these therapies cannot fundamentally solve the problems of myocardial pathological remodeling and the reduction of cardiac function after myocardial infarction, allowing for the progression of heart failure after myocardial infarction. Coupled with the decline in mortality caused by acute myocardial infarction in recent years, this combination leads to an increase in the incidence of heart failure. As a new promising therapy rising at the beginning of the twenty-first century, cardiac regenerative medicine provides a new choice and hope for the recovery of cardiac function and the prevention and treatment of heart failure after myocardial infarction. In the past two decades, regeneration engineering researchers have explored and summarized the elements, such as cells, scaffolds, and cytokines, required for myocardial regeneration from all aspects and various levels day and night, paving the way for our later scholars to carry out relevant research and also putting forward the current problems and directions for us. Here, we describe the advantages and challenges of cardiac tissue engineering, a contemporary innovative therapy after myocardial infarction, to provide a reference for clinical treatment.
Possible molecular exploration of herbal pair Haizao-Kunbu in the treatment of Graves’ disease by network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic analysis
Authors: Yang Mengfei , Lai Yiwen , Gan Di , Liu Qingyang , Wang Yingna , He Xinyong , An Yi , Gao Tianshu
Published: October 2023

Objective

To promote the development and therapeutic application of new medications, it is crucial to conduct a thorough investigation into the mechanism by which the traditional Chinese herb pair of Haizao-Kunbu (HK) treats Graves’ disease (GD).

Materials and methods

Chemical ingredients of HK, putative target genes, and GD-associated genes were retrieved from online public databases. Using Cytoscape 3.9.1, a compound-gene target network was established to explore the association between prosperous ingredients and targets. STRING, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses visualized core targets and disease pathways. Additionally, we conducted a refined analysis of the binding interactions between active ingredients and their respective targets. To visualize these findings, we employed precise molecular docking techniques. Furthermore, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations to gain insights into the formation of more tightly bound complexes.

Results

We found that there were nine key active ingredients in HK, which mainly acted on 21 targets. These targets primarily regulated several biological processes such as cell population proliferation, protein phosphorylation, and regulation of kinase activity, and acted on PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways to treat GD. Analysis of the molecular interaction simulation under computer technology revealed that the key targets exhibited strong binding activity to active ingredients, and Fucosterol-AKT1 and Isofucosterol-AKT1 complexes were highly stable in humans.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that HK exerts therapeutic effects on GD in a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway manner by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, and immunomodulatory-related targets. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further investigation into GD.
Case Report: Papillary thyroid carcinoma in Goltz–Gorlin syndrome
Authors: Costanza Flavia , Papi Giampaolo , Corrado Stefania , Pontecorvi Alfredo
Published: October 2023

Goltz–Gorlin syndrome (GGS), also known as focal dermal hypoplasia, is a rare X-linked disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the PORCN gene and characterized by several abnormalities, including skin and limb defects, papillomas in multiple organs, ocular malformations, and mild facial dysmorphism. To date, only approximately 300 cases have been described in the literature. A 16-year-old female patient, born with multiple congenital dysmorphisms consistent with GGS and confirmed by genetic exam, was referred to our outpatient clinic for the workup of a thyroid nodule. A thyroid ultrasound showed a bilateral nodular disease with a 17-mm large hypoechoic nodule in the right lobe. Cytological exam of fine needle aspiration biopsy was suspicious for malignancy. Thus, she underwent total thyroidectomy plus lymphadenectomy of the right central compartment. A histological exam disclosed a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with lymph node micrometastases. Radioiodine (131-Iodine) therapy was performed. At 3- and 6-month follow-up, the patient did not present either ultrasound or laboratory PTC recurrence. To our knowledge, we report the first case of PTC in a patient with GGS. Since thyroid cancer is rare among children and adolescents, we hypothesize that the PORCN pathogenic variant could be responsible for tumor susceptibility. We also provide an overview of the clinical findings on GGS patients already reported and discuss the possible pathogenetic mechanism that may underlie this rare condition, including the role of PORCN in tumor susceptibility.
Automated method based on a neural network model for searching energy-efficient complex movement trajectories of industrial robot in a differentiated technological process
Authors: Gorkavyy Mikhail A. , Gorkavyy Aleksandr I. , Egorova Valeria P. , Melnichenko Markel A.
Published: October 2023

Purpose of the work: Researching possibility of creating a method for improving the energy efficiency of differentiated robotic technological process (RTP) in the food industry. The high rates of development of production processes robotization, including in the food industry, leading to increase the cost of electrical energy, determine the research tasks relevance in finding energy-efficient methods for controlling industrial robots.

Methodology: The proposed approach is based on principles of object-oriented design and possibility of classifying robotic technological process: Applying specific model sets and methods to improve energy efficiency to individual classes. The existing possibility of energy consumption synthesizing models of robots inside differentiated robotic technological process, such as stacking loads, in reduced form, made it possible to use neural network methods to identify non-linear dependencies. At the same time, training sample for intelligent modules was formed on the basis of classical experiment planning algorithms. The synthesis of methods, models and procedures was implemented on the basis of high-level programming languages C++, MATLAB.

Results: A mathematical model and automated algorithms for its synthesis are proposed, which make it possible to adjust robotic technological process simulation model taking into account its specifics and implement a method for finding the optimal parameters of its functioning. To confirm the effectiveness of proposed solution, the obtained neural network model and optimization method were tested on real robotic technological process, and the calculation of economic efficiency of proposed solution was also given.

Conclusion/recommendations: The application of this approach will significantly reduce energy costs for robotic operations in the food industry.