bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal and foetal outcome of acute kidney injury in pregnancy single centre experience from North India
Authors: Saxena Sumanyu , Beg Mujahid , Aslam M. , Akhtar Nishat , Kumar Prakhar
Published: March 2023

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of acute kidney injury in pregnancy is a challenge to the physician as various pathophysiological changes take place during pregnancy, variability of symptoms and occasionally overlapping laboratory and clinical features. The occurrences of feto-maternal mortality associated with it decreased in developing nations due to increased prenatal and postnatal care and improved medical facilities. This study was undertaken to provide insight into feto-maternal outcome in patients presenting with acute kidney injury (AKI) during pregnancy.
Methods: This was an open label prospective hospital-based cohort study comprising patients admitted in obstetrics and nephrology wards, presenting with AKI and no known chronic illnesses prior to pregnancy. Following criteria were used to diagnose AKI during pregnancy: (a) Elevation of S. creatinine ≥ 1 mg/dl; (b) Oligo-anuria for ≥ 12 hours and (c) Need for RRT. 50 such cases were enrolled in the study.
Results: Out of all patients enrolled, majority (60%) had improved renal function, 16% expired, and 24% had no recovery in renal function. Out of all patients taken for haemodialysis, 20% of patients had improved renal function, 20% expired and 60% had no recovery in renal function. Mean S. creatinine on 3 months follow-up in conservative group found-1.67±1.31 mg/dl. 60% pregnancies resulted in the birth of a live baby and rest resulted in foetal loss.
Conclusions: In our study, it was found that acute kidney injury in pregnancy results in significant feto-maternal mortality and morbidity. Those patients, who had significant renal derangement and concomitant complications, had poorer outcome.
Hepatic hematoma following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: overview and case report
Authors: Cordova-Velazquez Carlos A. , Reyes-Perez Ana S. , García-Rivera Hadassa H. , Regalado-Aquino Adrian , Velázquez-García José A.
Published: March 2023

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a procedure with a high risk of complications. Hepatic subcapsular hematoma is an infrequent complication, with few cases reported in the international literature. Treatment can be conservative with the patient under close surveillance in an intensive care unit and surgical management is reserved for failure of conservative treatment and cases with hemodynamic instability. We present a case of subcapsular and intraparenchymal hepatic hematoma in an adult male who presented sudden hemodynamic instability, associated with hemoglobin decrease, which required surgical management. The challenge in the therapeutic decision due to sudden hemodynamic instability is clearly demonstrated; therefore, there was a need for surgical treatment as the best measure of hemorrhage control. Conservative management should be reserved for hemodynamically stable patients and invasive management by interventional radiology or surgery for cases of acute abdomen associated with hemodynamic instability.
Colonic perforation secondary to post traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: a case report
Authors: Shelja Rawat  , Dharampaul  , Arvind Bhatia  , Kumar Rohit
Published: March 2023

Post traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (PTDH) is a rare cause of large bowel obstruction, and can present weeks or years after the initial trauma. We report the case of a 42 years old male adult who presented in emergency with features of acute generalised peritonitis secondary to closed loop obstruction. Patient had history of fall leading to blunt trauma chest 9 months back which was managed with Intercostal drainage (ICD) left chest at that time. Chest radiography showed multiple air-fluid levels in the left upper quadrant, an air-fluid level in the left thoracic cavity and significant free air under the right side of diaphragm. On laparotomy there was feculent material in abdominal cavity, dilated caecum, ascending colon, transverse colon with invagination of splenic flexure of colon into thoracic cavity. A segment of transverse colon was gangrenous and there was a perforation of size 2 x 2 cm present. Right hemicolectomy performed and loop ileostomy along with DMF transverse colon fashioned in emergency setting. Diaphragmatic hernia repaired after 3 months. Posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernias should be part of the differential diagnosis for patients with bowel obstruction, especially if there is a history of trauma. Radiography is useful in facilitating a quick diagnosis. When patients present complications, there is a higher rate of morbidity and mortality (31%) therefore emergency surgery is mandatory.
The relation between obstetric conjugate diameter during pregnancy and the type of delivery: a narrative review
Authors: Satte Mahmoud S.
Published: March 2023

Obstetric conjugate diameter is the first point of the maternal pelvis through which the head of the fetus has to pass during the stages of birth and it is the most important female pelvimetry during pregnancy. This review aims to find out the relation between obstetric conjugate diameter measured by radiography during pregnancy and the type of birth, vaginally, or by caesarean. Narrative review conducted at Najran Medicine College (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia). 
METHODS: Articles review describing the association between obstetric conjugate diameters measured by radiography during the last stage of pregnancy and type of delivery were selected from the electronic database (PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, and Google scholar). The search date was on January to February 2023. This review showed that there is a relationship between obstetric conjugate diameter and the type of delivery and can be used in predicting the mode of birth (vaginal or cesarean). This knowledge is important for obstetricians and gynecologists to predict the type of childbirth, vaginally, or by cesarean.
Organochlorine pesticides application, xenobiotic metabolizing gene polymorphism and incidences of cancers in India: a review
Authors: Sharma Khushi , Singh Curi , Yadav Himanshu , Kumar Ravi , Verma Suneet
Published: March 2023

Excessive application of pesticides on crops has been noticed to gain maximum yield. It results in heavy damage to human health as well as environment. Pesticides application beyond permissible limit has detrimental effects on ecosystem. Organochlorine compounds are widely used as pest controller. These are considered as substantial environmental pollutant and carcinogens due to their extensive environmental release. There are sufficient numbers of studies that supports positive co-relation of organochlorine pesticides with cancer. To evaluate these detrimental effects on human health we have reviewed various studies and concluded the positive co-relation of organochloro compounds with cancers. In this study, the altered metabolism effects of organochlorine pesticides on cytochrome P450 enzyme have been observed.
Risk factors of miscarriage among pregnant women attending Omdurman maternity hospital
Authors: Mahmoud Remaz B. , Saeed Sara A. , Mustafa Rana N.
Published: March 2023

Background: Around 56 million miscarriages are performed each year in the world, with about 45% are done unsafely. Miscarriage poses great risks and complications that contribute to long-term physical and psychological problems. Good knowledge and practice related to pregnancy follow-up and avoiding the causes of miscarriage will reduce its risks significantly. Aim of current study was to determine and identify the rate and risk factors of miscarriage and the common causes of miscarriage among women in Omdurman Maternity Hospital, Sudan. In addition, to evaluate the level of awareness of the risks and complications of miscarriage among women attending the maternity hospital, Sudan.
Methods: A quantitative, cross sectional study using questionnaires (N=100) was used in this study to determine the risk factors of miscarriage in women attending the maternity hospital in Omdurman, Sudan
Results: The study revealed that miscarriages were not very frequent, and there was no significant family history of miscarriages. However, those who had a miscarriage were in the first trimester of pregnancy. One of the main causes of miscarriage is the presence of severe stress from work, illness and food poisoning.
Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest different interventions to reduce the risks of miscarriages such as educating mothers about antenatal care and to take precautions during the first trimester to avoid miscarriages and educating families about the risks of being in consanguineous relationships. In addition, raising awareness about contraceptive methods to reduce the rates of induced miscarriages.
Prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among under-five children in Southwest, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunniyi Kayode , Oyebade Akin , Atolagbe James
Published: March 2023

Background: Malnutrition refers to deficiencies or excesses in nutrient intake, imbalance of essential nutrients or impaired nutrient utilization. Around 45% of deaths among children under-five years are linked to undernutrition which mostly occurs in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and assess determinants of undernutrition among under five children in South West of Nigeria.
Methods: A cross sectional study design, multi stage sampling method and sample size of 327 under-five children were utilized for the study.
Results: The prevalence of underweight was 30.6%, overweight was 2.1% and normal weight for age nutritional status was 67.3%. More males (19.6%) than females (11%) accounted for prevalence of underweight. Majority (25.7%) of underweight under five years children were in the age group of 0-11 months, 4.6% in age group 12-29 months and 0.3% in age group 30-39 months. This study revealed statistically significant association between underweight nutritional status and child’s sex (male, p=0.006), knowledge of importance of vaccination against vaccine preventable diseases (VPD) on nutrition (p=0.01) and presence of clinical signs of malnutrition (hair changes p=0.003, swelling of legs 0.006 and pallor of mucus membrane p=0.006).
Conclusions: There is need to implement urgent nutritional intervention to reduce the high prevalence of malnutrition in Ede North LGA. Food security should be improved and high levels of inflation should be reduced to enable mothers to have access to food items. Health education should be intensified to educate mothers on prevention of early malnutrition and importance of vaccination against VPDs.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice study of Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus in Oman
Authors: Al Araimi Jabir , Johnson Anbu Clemensis , Al Areimi Mohammed Juma
Published: March 2023

Background: In the 21st century, there has been an increase in the spread of various diseases. Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) disease is one of them. In order to contain and eradicate the spread of MERS-CoV, assessing public knowledge, attitude, and practice is important. This public study was conducted in the eleven governorates of Oman for its assessment.
Methods: A national level cross-sectional survey was conducted online for a period of nine days using a questionnaire that contained forty-one questions. The questions were designed to evaluate public perception and understanding of MERS-CoV disease. The acquired data were analysed using SPSS software.
Results: A total of 505 people participated in the survey. The majority of the participants were males from the Muscat region (46%). The ages of the participants were between <20 to 60 years. The survey revealed that 60% of the participants were unaware about the disease (p<0.001) and about 48% (p=0.003) of them were unsure about the symptoms of the disease. Most people had a positive attitude towards preventing the spread of the infection. Adherence to precautionary measures was higher among the female participants (69%, p=0.021). Primary information source for the public was through social media.
Conclusions: Overall, the surveyed population had a varied perspective about the disease and fair knowledge on the preventive measures. However, a large percentage of the participants were unclear about the epidemic situation and lacked knowledge on the disease, but showed a positive attitude towards curbing the spread of infection.
A clinico-epidemiological study of mucocutaneous disorders in geriatric patients
Authors: Basavaraju Vidya , Lakshmikantha Chetan Bukanakere , Kollur Lata Radhakrishna
Published: March 2023

Background: The study was done to determine clinical patterns and frequency of mucocutaneous manifestations in the elderly. Objectives to study the demographic profile of geriatric patients attending the dermatology outpatient department, JJM medical college, Davanagere and to study the clinical pattern of various mucocutaneous disorders in the geriatric population.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on geriatric patients. A detailed history and mucocutaneous examinations were done. Skin changes were classified into physiological and pathological changes.
Results:  Out of 409 patients, 69.4% were males and 30.6% were females. The age range was from 60 to 74 years, with the mean age being 73.34±6.230 years. Pruritus was the most common complaint. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), physiological changes, and wrinkling were the associated findings. 
Conclusions: This study gives an understanding of the pattern of geriatric dermatoses that aid in early diagnosis and management.
Understanding the linkages between sustainable development goal 3 and other sustainable development goals in India
Authors: Phukan Deepika , Kumar Kaushalendra
Published: March 2023

Background: Despite sustainable development goals (SDG) accounting for numerous goals and targets, all of them are interconnected.
Methods: Using NITI (National institution for transforming India) Aayog's SDG indexes and indicators, the current study examines the interlinkage between SDG 3 indicators-neonatal mortality rate (NMR) and under-five mortality rate (U5MR) and other SDGs indicators in India.
Results: Spearman's correlation suggests SDG 3 has a synergetic relationship with SDG 7 (Affordable and clean energy), SDG 1 (No poverty), and SDG 5 (Gender equality). On the other hand, significant negative correlations have been seen between zero hunger (SDG 2), quality education (SDG 4), no poverty (SDG 1), and industry, innovation, and infrastructure (SDG 9) with neonatal, and U5MR. It suggested that reducing poverty, improving quality education, and taking action to address climate change are statistically linked with progress in SDG 3.
Conclusions: The study confirms the relevance of interactions between the SDGs. The study suggested more research and interlinked policies will be needed to achieve SDG 3 by 2030.
Spousal violence among consanguineous marriage in India: a social-ecological analysis using nationally representative cross-sectional study
Authors: Yadav Jeetendra , Ram Rajan , Devi Savita , Singh Mahesh Nath , Saxena Anjali , Singh Gajraj
Published: March 2023

Background: Marriage is a second most event after birth. Wikipedia states consanguinity marriage as the property of being from the same kinship as another India is a socially and culturally diverse country, which is also reflected in considerable variation in the prevalence of IPV across regions. The aim of study to identify the prevalence and the factors influencing the spousal violence among consanguineous marriage in India.
Methods: The present study utilised the fourth wave of the National family health survey (2015-16), the Indian version of the demographic and health survey. Descriptive, bivariate with Chi-square tests and multivariable multilevel logistic regression analyses were done to determine the extent of association between spousal violence and various predicter variables.
Results: The study established the prevalence of spousal violence among consanguineous marriage were higher (33.0%) compared with spousal violence among non-consanguineous marriage (26.0%). Women those who get married with any blood relation experienced more physical violence (16.6%), emotional (27.7%), sexual (7.6%) compared with women those who get marriage with non-blood relation, physical violence (11.0%), emotional (22.4%), sexual (5.5%) respectively.
Conclusions: The finding is expected to contribute to formulating an appropriate policy to combat Spouse violence in consanguineous marriage among women at the national level of India. The study also showed a significant association between consanguinity and experience more emotional as compared to physical and sexual violence. The results argue for manipulating contextual factors to empower women to challenge gender-related equations and investing in education for gender sensitization at the higher-level social ecologies.
Has childlessness rate increased in India? Evidence from national family health surveys
Authors: Banerjee Adrita , K. Singh Ajeet
Published: March 2023

Background: In the recent years developing countries have been experiencing an increase in the number of women without children. Is India also one of them? This paper tries to analyse whether childlessness has increased in India and what are the factors which determine childlessness.
Methods: The present paper uses cross sectional data from the fourth and fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS 4 and NFHS 5). The analysis is based on complete childlessness which includes women above 40 years of age. Bi-variate analysis and binary logistic regression has been used.
Results: The results indicate that overall, 7% of women were childless in India in 2015-2016 which increased to 12% in 2019-2021; the increase was statistically significant. Childlessness was positively associated with level of education, age at marriage, body mass index (BMI) level, and presence of thyroid. Urban women were more prone to experience childlessness.
Conclusions: Although childlessness is less in India compared to the developed world, the percentage of childless women is likely to rise given the increasing trends of woman’s schooling, age at marriage, media exposure, etc. This would in turn increase the demand on reproductive health care services.
The impact of telemedicine services on primary health care - before and after analysis- Jharkhand digital dispensary model
Authors: Das Santos , Kosuru Akhila , Maran Tamil , Thaploo Vikram
Published: March 2023

Background: The service utilization at primary health cares (PHCs) by the rural population is challenging considering the lack of service availability and health care practitioners. Telemedicine and digitization of services have high potential to address the service provision gaps. Government of Jharkhand and Apollo tele health services-initiated PPP project to provide digital healthcare (digital dispensary) services at 100 rural PHCs in the state of Jharkhand.
Methods: The research study seeks to explore before and after impact of telemedicine services at the government run PHCs at Jharkhand. This retrospective analysis of health management information system (HMIS) and Jharkhand digital dispensary (JHDD) project data was performed for 19 PHCs out of 100 where JHDD project has been initiated. A pre-post study design was used to understand the impact of JHDD project implementation and uptake of outpatient department (OPD) utilization. The 19 centers were randomly selected using selective sampling, considering the data availability and travelling restrictions. Primary baseline data was analyzed in the excel sheet and secondary data- was entered, verified, and analyzed with statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 25.
Results: Patients have to travel up to 75 kms to visit a doctor and avail health services. Medical officer was adequate, but not available for eight hours and every day. JHDD project data have highlighted the prevalence of NCDs in rural areas with significant increase in the diagnosis of diabetes and hypertension. The availability of general physician and specialist doctors virtually, with laboratory tests and medicines were the enabling factors in addressing the NCDs for the rural areas.
Conclusions: Telemedicine is strong enabler in addressing NCDs in remotest inaccessible areas. The study has pointed out the importance of available remote workforce, basic infrastructure and technology can strengthen the healthcare system by reaching the unreached.
Study of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding hepatitis B infection in first-degree relatives of patients suffering with hepatitis B infection
Authors: Jain Ajay Kumar , Joshi Amit D. , Jain Deepika , Sircar Shohini
Published: March 2023

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant public health problem in third-world countries, including India. The risk of infection among close family members of patients infected with chronic HBV infection is four to six times higher than in the general population. However, literature is scarce regarding the Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward HBV infection among the first-degree relatives of patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B. Hence, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding hepatitis B virus infection among first-degree relatives of hepatitis B patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted amongst the 354 first-degree relatives of HBsAg-positive patients. A validated questionnaire consisted of twenty questions of knowledge, seven questions of attitude, and ten practice questions were employed to gather information.
Results: The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) were significantly better amongst participants aged 55-65 years and those who were educated. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (r=0.58, p value<0.05) and knowledge and practice (r=0.64, p value<0.05).
Conclusions: There is insufficient knowledge regarding hepatitis B, its common symptoms, modes of transmission, and preventive tools among close relatives of patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B.
Linear and zosteriform lichen planus in a tertiary care centre: a case series
Authors: Neerja Puri  , Neetu Verma  , Sukhmani Kaur Brar
Published: March 2023

Lichen planus (LP) is a common mucocutaneous condition, but its distribution in a zosteriform and linear pattern is rare. Zosteriform LP is a rare variant with dermatomal distribution and can occur at trauma prone sites. Linear distribution of the disease has been described in less than 1% of patients. Treatment options are topical corticosteroids and systemic antihistamines. We hereby present a case series of four cases with linear and zosteriform patterns in which the biopsy findings were corroborative of lichen planus. In the first case report of a 25-year-old female presented to dermatology OPD of tertiary health Centre with hyperpigmented patches confined to left half of trunk, left arm and left leg for 6 months. Brownish black macules involving left breast and adjoining back and abdomen were seen in zosteriform pattern. In the second case report, a 25-year-old male presented for evaluation of hyperpigmented raised and pruritic lesion over the right axilla of 5 months’ duration Third case was of a 26-year-old female patient who presented with pruritic violaceous macules on left leg extending from mid part of leg to medial aspect of knee and medial side of thigh in a discontinuous pattern for last 3 years. A 34-year-old female presented with history of pruritic rash over the left side of trunk in the fourth case report. The case series is rare and hence being reported.
Correlation between visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in adult north Indian population from Gurugram region with glaucoma suspect
Authors: Dubey Gaurav , Masihuzzaman M D , Sarkhel Sunanda , Singh Anshul Pratap , Dixit Suneel Kumar , Yadav Rakesh
Published: March 2023

: To find the correlation between visual field and retinal nerve layer thickness in adult North Indian population from Gurugram region with glaucoma suspect.

Correlative and quantitative study was carried between the visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness of 400 adult eyes. The age of subjects participating in the study ranged between 18 to 80 years with mean age 45 ± 14years. The standard automated perimetry was acquired by Humphrey visual field analyser using 24-2 SITA standard strategy. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was measured by Spectral Domain OCT (3D OCT2000FA). Visual field was performed on the same day or within ± three months of OCT acquisition. Statistical analysis was performed using MS Excel, SPSS (ver.20) and other descriptive statistical tools.

: The mean MD and PSD were -2.79 dB ±2.21 and 2.52 dB ±1.49, respectively. The average thickness of RNFL of the four quadrants calculated was 98.40 µm±10.70. RNFL thickness in an inferior and superior quadrant was 122.49µm ± 16.71 and 118.86 µm ±15.21 respectively. The mean cup to disc area ratio (CDAR) in the glaucoma suspect subject was 0.60± 0.10, and the vertical cup to disc ratio (VCDR) was 0.74± 0.074. Correlation of the average RNFL thickness, Inferior RNFL thickness and superior RNFL thickness with GHT was 0.245(P=0.011), 0.19 (P=0.094) and 0.27, (P=0.004), respectively. Superior RNFL thickness showed a more significant Correlation (r= 0.193, P<0.01) with mean deviation (MD) of the visual field.

Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness demonstrated a weak to mild and statistically significant correlation with the visual field. The correlation of average RNFL thickness with Visual field global indices and parameters were significant but weaker. Correlation between superior RNFL thicknesses was highest with GHT in adult North India Gurugram subjects with glaucoma suspect. Superior RNFL thickness showed a higher Correlation with Mean deviation (MD) and VFI of the visual field
Can oestrogen be a game changer in diabetic retinopathy progress: A novel study
Authors: Waris Abdul , Anjum Asma , Ahmed Saif , Shafiq Sheelu
Published: March 2023

To measure and correlate the levels of oestrogen in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).

A hospital based crossectional study of 60 patients (30 with DR, 30 without DR) with diabetes of more than 10 years was carried in our institute (JN Medical College, AMU). Serum oestrogen levels were measured in both the groups at Rajiv Gandhi Centre JNMCH & relevant statistical tests were conducted to compare both the groups.

Serum oestrogen was maximum in patient without DR (64.02±46.40pg/mL) and minimum in patients with DR (42.34±34.8), the result was found to be significant (t = -2.047, P<0.05).

Oestrogen has a protective effect on diabetic retinopathy occurrence, through it has no statistically significant relation to its severity.
To study the association of dyslipidemia with macular edema and hard exudates in diabetic maculopathy in an industrial hospital in Chhattisgarh
Authors: Lakhlan Priksha , Sunov Chitra
Published: March 2023

To study the affect of LDL cholestrol, HDL cholestrol and triglycerides with diabetic maculopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.

An informed written consent was obtained in every case.

A 5ml blood sample was withdrawn. All the patients detailed history, general physical examination and ocular examination including visual acuity, intraocular pressure by applanation tonometry, slit lamp examination and fundus examination by biomicroscopy were done. Optical coherence tomography and fundus photograph were also taken.

Patients who were having diabetic retinopathy had higher values of LDL and total cholestrol as compared to those who were not having diabetic retinopathy.

Patients who were having diabetic retinopathy changes had non-significant differences in the level of HDL and triglycerides as compared to those who were not having diabetic retinopathy changes.

Patients with changes of diabetic retinopathy had significantly higher values of foveal thickness as compared to those without changes of diabetic retinopathy. Foveal thickness had correlation with total cholesterol levels.
Comparative study of changes in corneal astigmatism after pterygium excision with conjunctival auto graft and effect of demographics on the incidence and surgical outcome
Authors: Shah Kannisha Nainesh , Sujithra H  , Thansi Amina
Published: March 2023

: Aim of this article was to study the role of demographics in the incidence of pterygium and its surgical outcome and also to study the change in astigmatism in patients undergoing pterygium excision with conjunctival auto graft in the southern Indian state of Kerala.

: 46 eyes of 43 patients with pterygium were studied over a period of 2 years. A complete ophthalmological examination was done. Patient data like age, sex, residing area and occupation were collected. All the patients underwent pterygium excision with auto conjunctival graft under local anaesthesia. Outcome variables like best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), keratometry, subjective refraction and extent of pterygium were recorded preoperatively as well as postoperatively at 1 month and analysed for the change in astigmatism.

: Incidence of pterygium was more among patients of the age group 50-70 years, fishermen (28.3%), housewives (21.7%) and among residents of coastal area (71.7%). There was no significant difference between male and female. Majority of the patients were found to have with the rule astigmatism (56%) preoperatively with a mean of 0.88. There was a significant reduction in astigmatism postoperatively in 39 eyes with only 15.4% having clinically significant astigmatism.

: There is a significant role for patient demographics in the incidence of astigmatism along the coastal areas with fishing being the most common occupation. Pterygium excision with auto conjunctival graft results in significant reduction in astigmatism which leads to improvement in visual acuity.
Visual outcome in retrofixated iris claw lens for aphakic eye
Authors: Sowmya G  , Prashanth C N
Published: March 2023

Aim of this study was to assess the visual outcome and complications in retropupillary iris claw lens implantation in aphakic patients. Retrospective case series of aphakic patients who underwent retrofixation of iris claw lens, over a period of two years were collected and analysed. The study comprised of 9 patients with unilateral aphakia. The follow up period was 6 months with mean uncorrected visual acuity (VA) was significantly improved at one month postoperatively (-0.69 logMAR P < 0.001) compared to preoperative value. The mean preoperative Spherical equivalent was -3.04±4.2D which significantly reduced to -1.01+/-2.66 post-operatively. Results showed that the retrofixation of iris claw lens was an effective method for correction of aphakia with significant improvement in visual outcome.
Post operative opacification of polymethylmethacrylate, hydrophilic and hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Ramraika Divya , Chandravanshi Shivcharan Lal , Kumar Pradeep , Agrawal Arun
Published: March 2023

: To evaluate post-operative opacification of hydrophobic, hydrophilic and polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lenses.

We had performed a retrospective observational study on twenty-one patients in tertiary care hospital of North India and a private clinic from March 2020-January 2021. History of systemic diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, gout, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was noted. We had also evaluated the patients for ophthalmic conditions like recurrent uveitis, retinal surgery, paracentesis for hyphema, open globe injury repair. The diagnosis of intraocular lens opacification was made on careful slit lamp examination. The patients with severe loss of visual acuity had undergone intraocular lens exchange procedure. The explanted intraocular lenses were sent for light microscopy with special stain and scanning electron microscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 21 (SPSS, Inc.)

We found that mean age of patients with intraocular lens opacification was 62.5±6.82 years. The occurrence was 16(76.19%) in hydrophilic IOL, 4(19.05%) in hydrophobic IOL and only one (4.76%) was PMMA IOL which showed that the occurrence if IOL opacification is more in hydrophilic IOL. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the explanted IOLs did not show any deposits over IOL surface. Special stains were used and it was noted that Alizarin red was positive while Von Kossa for calcium was negative.

We concluded that intraocular lens opacification can occur in any type of intraocular lens, but is predominantly seen with hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lenses. Also we came to a conclusion that various ophthalmic pathologies and systemic comorbidities accelerated the process of opacification.
A clinical case series of Acanthamoeba keratitis diagnosed by a simple technique of detection of motile trophozoites in wet mount preparation
Authors: Roy Parthasarathi , Kundu Pratip , Maji Ardhendu Kumar
Published: March 2023

Acanthamoeba keratitis is diagnosed fairly late because of lack of early clinical suspicion and unavailability of simple and effective technique for detection of the protozoa in ordinary laboratory settings. The detection of motile trophozoites in wet mount preparation of corneal scraping is probably the best confirmatory test of Acanthamoeba keratitis in ordinary laboratory settings. However, it is not easy to demonstrate motile trophozoites given the fact that the trophozoites rapidly encyst outside living tissue. We employed a protocol of preparation and transport of the wet mount to the nearby laboratory within fifteen minutes whereby optimum chance of demonstration of motile trophozoites was possible. We had been successful to detect the typical amoeboid movement of acanthamoeba in three cases. Healing of ulcers were achieved by an appropriate therapy in all three cases. Visual recovery was good in two out of three cases. To the best of our knowledge, the present case series is the first one in English literature where diagnosis of acanthamoeba keratitis is based solely on detection of motile trophozoites in direct wet mount examination.

A careful history and an incisive look into the corneal lesion revealed some clue to suspect the acanthamoeba etiology. Simple laboratory technic employing wet mount microscopy rapidly confirmed the diagnoses. Healing of ulcers were achieved in all three cases by instillation of 0.02% chlorhexidine eye drop. Visual recovery was good in two out of three cases.
Comparison of turbo compounding technoligies on gasoline and diesel engines
Authors: ASİ ÖZTAŞ Esra , GENC Berkay , GÜLEN Serdar
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a parametric study and comparison of turbocompound gasoline engine with diesel engine based on analysis done in previous papers. Turbocompounding is an important technique to recover waste heat from engine exhaust and reduce CO_2 emission, improving fuel economy.
By the time detected one of the biggest problems for IC engines is pollution. Downsizing studies are popular at the industry for the moments to get emission and fuel consumption decreased. Even if the racing industry gets involved in this trend having more efficient and more green racing vehicles is quite important for saving environment. Powertrain works with supercharged internal combustion engine by co-operation of two electric motors MGU-H (Motor-Generator Unit-Heat) and MGU-K (Motor-Generator Unit-Kinetic). It is also seen in passenger, light and heavy commercial vehicles with diesel engines using turbocompounding technology to decrease the pollution.
The present paper compares the outcomes which were shown in previous papers and demonstrate the better performance in terms of greenhouse effect and pollution as well as engine power generation performance.
Vehicle-to-vehicle communication channel measurements on a vertical curve road
Authors: KUZULUGİL Kenan , HASIRCI Zeynep , ÇAVDAR İsmail
Published: March 2023

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication channel measurements were carried out in different environments such as urban, suburban, rural, highway, tunnel, and overpass. The roads in these environments have generally flat terrain. However, there are horizontal or vertical curve roads that have been little focused in the literature. In this study, we performed two V2V measurements on a vertical-curve road in a rural environment to show how received signal strength changes with the distance between the transmitter and the receiver. The path loss exponent of log-distance path loss model was calculated by using the least-square method. According to the results, the path loss exponents were estimated as 7.53 and 7.61 with 78% and 83% fitting performances for two measurements. In literature, however, the path loss exponent for different propagation environments was obtained up to 6.13, especially in the straight road. Thus, our findings show that the vertical curve roads cause 15-20 dB more attenuation in the received signal strength than the straight roads. As a result, the vertical curve roads should be investigated and included in existing wireless communication simulators to better model real measurements. The authors contend that this study will aid in improving the channel modeling of V2V communication.
Islamic Versus Conventional Monetary Transmission: Which One Is Better Affecting Exchange Rate?
Authors: Kafabih An'im , Darwanto Darwanto , Gojali Dudang
Published: March 2023

This study examined the impact of Islamic monetary and conventional transmissions on Indonesia's exchange rate performance. The Islamic monetary transmissions are musyarakah financing (proxied by the ratio of musyarakah to a total loan of conventional banks) and corporate sukuk (asset price), while the conventional transmission is the interbank interest rate (INTERB). Furthermore, this paper also incorporated gold price (GP) (asset price transmission) as a control variable. This study used monthly data from February 2011 to September 2021. By using the ARDL Bound Test, the long run results showed that the performance of Islamic monetary transmission through musyarakah financing has more effect of exchanging rate than INTERB. Therefore, Bank Indonesia should focus on musyarakah financing as its monetary transmission instead of INTERB. In the short run, corporate sukuk and musyarakah financing impact the exchange rate (10% and 1% significant level, respectively), while INTERB and GP can affect the exchange rate with lag (second month onward for each).
Improvement of Criminalistic Cooperation in Investigation of Thefts Performed with the Use of Social Engineering Methods Implemented by Means of Information and Telecommunications Technologies
Authors:   Junior Scientific Assistant of the Department of Criminalistics of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, Starostenko Nina I.
Published: March 2023

One of the trends in the implementation of selfish goals with the help of information and telecommunication technologies is the use of social engineering methods when committing theft of other people’s property. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the considered fraudulent activities are implemented using computer or mobile devices and technologies. The article is devoted to the consideration of the features of improving forensic interaction in the investigation of these thefts. The paper clarifies the mechanism for using social engineering methods in the theft of other people’s property, and also forms a circle of subjects of interaction. The author refers to the specified subjects of interaction the organizations providing cellular communication services, the Internet, banking organizations, specialists with special knowledge, law enforcement officers, etc. The conclusion is made regarding the improvement of the areas of forensic interaction in the investigation of these crimes, which make it possible to successfully obtain forensically significant information, search for a criminal in hot pursuit, as well as prevent the commission of new crimes. In conclusion, it is concluded that the improvement of the interaction under consideration is necessary and extremely important, since this will not only allow organizing a preliminary investigation properly, but will also contribute to the development of a system of measures for forensic and criminological prevention of theft of the type under study.
On Punishability as One of Crime Attributes
Authors:   Assistant Professor of the Department of Criminal Law of the North-West branch of the Russian State University of Justice, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Bychkov Sergey N. , Semenov Konstantin P. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law of the Saint-Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Aleshina-Alekseeva Ekaterina N. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Law of the Saint-Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

The concept of “crime” is one of the fundamental concepts of criminal law. The analysis of the internal content of this concept makes it possible to understand the social essence of the crime, and the analysis of the content of its signs makes it possible to distinguish a criminal act from a non-criminal act. In this article, attention will be paid to such a feature of the crime as punishability. The content of this feature is of interest, first of all, based on the lack of an unambiguous opinion on its attribution to the signs of a crime. The article analyzes various points of view on the issue under study and makes the author’s conclusion about the attribution of punishability to the signs of a crime.
Quo Vadis, Russian Investigation?
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Judicial Activities and Criminal Procedure of the Ural State Law University Named after V.F. Yakovlev, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Militsin Sergey D.
Published: March 2023

The author analyzes the collective monograph: Investigative Activities edited by LL.D. N.A. Kolokolov, published in 2021 by Yurlitinform publishing house in three books: Anchetator, Quo vadis? and Plea Bargaining. The reviewer evaluates the scientists’ idea in understanding the essence of the investigative power, investigative staff, investigative activities, investigator as a holder of investigative power, its interrelation with the head of an investigative authority, prosecutor, interrogation authorities and departmental control, prosecutor’s supervision, judicial control.
The Content of the Originality Criterion in the Doctrine of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Intellectual Property of the A.S. Griboyedov Moscow University, PhD (Law), Vitko Vyacheslav S.
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes the content of originality being a criterion of protectability of works developed by the Russian judicial doctrine.
The Theory and Practice of Application of Provisions on Extrajudicial Bankruptcy of Individual Entrepreneurs
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Audit, Accounting and Finance of the Novosibirsk State Technical University, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Siberian Transport University, Rakhvalova Darya O.
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the theoretical aspects of the legal regulation of out-of-court bankruptcy of citizens registered as individual entrepreneurs: the procedure and grounds for initiating a bankruptcy case, the procedure and grounds for the transition from out-of-court bankruptcy to judicial bankruptcy; the assessment of the debtor’s good faith in resolving the issue of his release from the performance of obligations is investigated. The author also analyzed the data of open registers in bankruptcy cases in the siberian Federal District, in particular, the total number of initiated cases of out-of-court bankruptcy, the share of initiated bankruptcy cases of individual entrepreneurs in them; the sources of formation of debtors’ receivables have been identified.
Deprivation of Land Plot Individualization by Its Borders
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Studies of the North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Judge Emeritus of a Regional Court, PhD (Law), Mayboroda Viktor A.
Published: March 2023

The article examines chronologically recursive novel for determining the object of civil law regulation turnover of real estate — land plot. Comparative legal means of research revealed the shortcomings of the norm of Article 141.2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, which defines a land plot and makes conclusions in terms of real law enforcement, according to which a special law is subject to application, but not the law last in time in relation to the subject of regulation.
Penerapan Project Based Learning (PjBL) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XII IPA 1 SMA N 2 Percut Sei Tuan pada Materi Gen
Authors: Azhari Nabilah Syahirah , Simangunsong Habibah Hanun , Hrp Izra Aulia Almi , Afdilani Nurhani Afdilani , Tanjung Indayana Febriani
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTIn the implementation of education, a student must be able to master the class and educate students to change, especially mastering learning.  However, not a few teachers are indifferent to the way of teaching and the results obtained by their students.  Educators generally use methods that make students often feel bored so that the subject matter is easily forgotten so that this can affect the learning outcomes of a student.  The purpose of this research activity is to determine the effectiveness of the project-based learning model in improving the learning outcomes of class XII IPA 1 SMA N 2 Percut Sei Tuan on gene material.  The method used is experimental research with the research population of students of SMA N 2 Percut Sei Tuan and the research sample is 40 students of class XII IPA 1.  The results of individual learning mastery on gene material are seen as indicators of success. In the first cycle, the first meeting obtained individual learning completeness of 32.5%, then the second meeting was 65%.  In the second cycle, the third meeting was 75%, then the fourth meeting was 85% with a score of 75. The results of the research prove that student learning outcomes can be increased effectively by applying the Project Based Learning model.Keywords: Gene, Implementation, Learning Outcomes, Project Based Learning.ABSTRAK Dalam pelaksanaan Pendidikan seorang tenaga didik tentu harus mampu menguasai kelas dan mendidik para peserta didik untuk berubah terutama menguasai pembelajaran. Namun, tidak sedikit guru yang acuh tak acuh terhadap cara mengajar dan hasil yang diperoleh oleh peserta didik nya. Pendidik umumnya memakai metode yang membuat peserta didik kerap merasakan jenuh sehingga materi pelajaran mudah dilupakan begitu saja sehingga ini dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar seorang peserta didik. Tujuan dari kegiatan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran project based learning dalam  meningkatkan hasil belajar dari siswa kelas XII IPA 1 SMA N 2 Percut Sei Tuan pada materi gen. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan populasi penelitian siswa SMA N 2 Percut Sei Tuan dan sampel penelitian yaitu siswa kelas XII IPA 1 sebanyak 40 orang. Hasil ketuntasan belajar individual pada materi gen dilihat sebagai indikator keberhasilan. Pada siklus I pertemuan ke-1 memperoleh ketuntasan belajar individual sebesar 32,5%, kemudian pertemuan ke-2 sebesar 65%. Pada siklus II pertemuan ke-3 sebesar 75%, kemudian pertemuan ke-4 sebesar 85% dengan nilai ≥ 75.  Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa hasil belajar siswa dapat meningkat secara efektif dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning.Kata Kunci: Gen, Hasil  belajar, Penerapan, Project Based Learning.