bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hardware structure for an INS/GPS integrated navigator
Authors: VADUVESCU Vlad Aurelian , GRIGORIE Teodor Lucian , NEGREA Petre , CORCAU Costinel Laurentiu
Published: December 2019

The paper exposes the design, experimental development and testing of a hardware structure that integrates the two widely used concepts in air navigation, INS and GPS. Its detection components are an inertial module and a satellite positioning module, the data provided by them being fused with a microcontroller. The satellite positioning module is a UBLOX NEO-6M, while the inertial module, which is in fact an inertial measurement unit, includes three analogue miniaturized inertial sensors: two bi-axial analogue gyros, LPY510AL and LPR510AL, and a three-axial analogue accelerometer, MMA7361L. Since it was desired the development of the navigation application in Matlab-Simulink, to integrate the two modules it was chosen a dsPIC33EP512MU810 microcontroller, which is found in the MPLAB Device Blocks for Simulink library's microcontroller list. The first tests were performed in the laboratory conditions, with the system in various fixed positions, while the dynamic testing of the system was carried out by boarding it on a testing car, which played also the role of monitored vehicle. Simultaneously with the acquisition of experimental data, a real-time monitoring of the vehicle was made by placing its position on a map.
Industrial Robotics for Spacecraft Rendezvous and Docking Simulation
Authors: APOSTOLESCU Nicolae , SAVU Tom , GUTA Dragos Daniel Ion , IONITA Achim
Published: December 2019

It is to be expected that space robotics systems will develop more and more in the future spatial applications. One of the most challenging and risky missions for spacecraft is to perform autonomously Rendezvous and Docking (RvD) in space. This paper describes a hardware-in-the-loop RvD simulation facility which uses two ABB industrial robots to simulate the 6-DOF dynamic manoeuvring of the rendezvous process. Firstly, we also simulate the real robots and we deduce the kinematic and dynamic equations of space robotic system, then the trajectory is planned. The target motion is reduced only to the movement of the end-effector, but the chaser’s motion is based on the plan which solves the inverse kinematic equations, considering the movement limitations of the joints. Finally, a 3D simulation system was developed to evaluate the proposed method using Matlab/ Simulink environment. Simulation results verified the corresponding method and algorithms.
Development of Speed Up Robust Feature Algorithm for aerial image feature extraction
Authors: BANERJEE Saikat , CHATURVEDI Sudhir Kumar , TIWARI Surya Prakash
Published: December 2019

Speed Up Robust Feature Algorithm (SURF) has been a very useful technique in the advancement of image feature algorithm. The strategy offers an extremely decent agreement between the runtime and accuracy, especially at object borders and fine structures. It has a wide scope of applications in remote sensing like getting computerized surface models from UAV and satellite images. In this paper, SURF algorithm has been discussed in details to enhance the capability of the system for image feature extraction technique to detect and obtain the maximum feature points from aerial imagery. The algorithms are developed depending upon such phenomena in which a maximum result can be obtained in very less time.
Emulation of Radius-to-Fix legs in Departure Routes via Fly-By Turns
Authors: GONZAGA-LOPEZ Carlos , BUCHMANN Florian Michael , EKSTRAND Henrik , LINNÉR Andreas , SCHAAD Philipp Daniel
Published: December 2019

The results of a preliminary study on the emulation of radius-to-fix legs in turning departures by means of standard track-to-fix legs are presented in this technical note. While radius-to-fix equipage rates keep gradually increasing over time, a traffic mix containing aircraft with and without this navigation capability can impede an optimal management of the traffic flows whenever precise and repeatable curved flight paths are required. After test-flying various sequences of track-to-fix segments to emulate a reference constant-radius arc in a typical departure environment, the deviations to the desired flight path and the flyability aspects were assessed. The first results for a given scenario and aircraft type show an adequate path conformance for a navigation specification RNAV/RNP 1 within a certain range of aircraft performances and weather conditions. However, the reduced predictability of the roll steering when transitioning between track-to-fix segments and the high frequency in the oscillations of the bank angle may pose a problem to flight crews and passengers, respectively.
Chemical composition of healthy and infected leaves by Forda riccobonii and Geoica swirskii of Pistacia atlantica Desf. collected from Maaziz region in Morocco
Authors: Harouak Hazim , Ibijbijen Jamal , Zair Touria , Nassiri Laila
Published: December 2019

The Atlas Pistachio, Pistacia atlantica Desf., from the family of Anacardiaceae is a widespread species in Morocco and widely present in traditional pharmacopoeia 1. This species is frequently infected by Forda riccobonii and Geoica swirskii  that are foliar galls-inducing aphids.The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition of essential oils (EO) of the  infected and healthy leaves of Pistacia atlantica. The extraction of essential oils was performed by hydro-distillation using Clevenger, phytochemical screening was realized by revelations tests and chemical composition was identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of some biologically active chemical compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, sterols and triterpenes. The infected leaves were richer in tannins than healthy ones, especially in gallic tannins.Also, the results reaveled that the EO yield of leaves with galls was higher (0.71%) than that of healthy ones (0.11%); also, the first type of leaves was predominated by α-Pinene (19.76%) followed by Terpinen-4-ol, Spathulenol and Sabinene with percentages of 11.94%, 8.90% and 7.63%, respectively. Whereas, healthy leaves were predominated by α-Amorphene (15.05%) followed by Terpinen-4-ol, Spathulenol and α-Muurolene with percentages of 7.17%, 6.46% and 6.20%, respectively.So, we arrived to conclude that infected leaves have a higher level of  monoterpenes hydrocarbon than healthy ones that contains interesting molecules useful in differentes domains, especially in the health field.
Twisted elliptical multi-Gaussian Schell-model beams and their propagation properties
Authors: Wang Haiyun , Peng Xiaofeng , Liu Lin , Wang Fei , Cai Yangjian
Published: December 2019

We introduce a new kind of partially coherent source whose cross-spectral density (CSD) function is described as the incoherent superposition of elliptical twisted Gaussian Schell-model sources with different beam widths and transverse coherence widths, named twisted elliptical multi-Gaussian Schell-model (TEMGSM) beams. Analytical expression for the CSD function propagating through a paraxial ABCD optical system is derived with the help of the generalized Collins formula. Our results show that the TEMGSM beam is capable of generating a flat-topped elliptical beam profile in the far field, and the beam spot during propagation exhibits clockwise/anti-clockwise rotation with respect to its propagation axis. In addition, the analytical expressions for the orbital angular momentum (OAM) and the propagation factor are also derived by means of the Wigner distribution function. The influences of the twisted factor and the beam index on the OAM and the propagation factor are studied and discussed in detail.
Decoherence due to XPM-assisted Raman amplification for polarization or wavelength offset pulses in all-normal dispersion supercontinuum generation
Authors: Feehan James S. , Price Jonathan H. V.
Published: December 2019

We report the importance of cross-phase modulation (XPM) on the
coherence of a low-energy probe pulse co-propagating with a
high-energy pump pulse that generates incoherent supercontinuum in
all-normal dispersion (ANDi) fiber due to Raman amplification of
quantum noise. By investigating numerous fiber and pulse parameters,
we show consistently that for weak probe pulses, the XPM from the pump
is the dominant influence on the degradation of the probe coherence.
We show that the faster decoherence at the pump leading edge means
that the probe coherence is reduced more significantly when the probe
has a higher group velocity, i.e., when an orthogonally polarized
probe is aligned to the fast (lower refractive index) axis of the
fiber or when a co-polarized probe has a longer central wavelength.
Simulations show that this effect occurs for both
polarization-maintaining (PM) and non-PM ANDi fibers and can result in
a probe decoherence rate that is higher than that of the pump. These
previously unreported results extend our earlier scalar simulations
showing incoherent supercontinuum within a single pulse.
$O(\sqrt\eta)$ efficiency entanglement distillation with one-time photon subtraction over near-zero transmittance bosonic channel
Authors: Zhang ShengLi
Published: December 2019

Entanglement distillation is an efficient method to retrieve high-quality entanglement from a large number of noise-damped entanglement states. Many investigations on continuous variable entanglement distillation have focused on low-loss or medium-loss channels. Herein, we primarily study entanglement distillation in extremely lossy (total channel transmittance

η
≪
1

) or even near-zero transmittance (

η
≈
0

) channels. In particular, we analyze the manner in which entanglement and success probability decrease as

η
→
0

. The performances of conventional biside photon subtraction and one-time photon subtraction on two optical modes separated by

L

km are investigated. The motivation for our study includes the recent advancements in twin-field quantum key distribution, wherein single-photon detection is sufficient to provide a useful private key. In the same vein, we propose an entanglement distillation scheme with an efficiency of

O
(

η

)

using one-time photon subtraction and weak coherent state injection. Thus, our proposed scheme provides a method for distilling extremely damped entanglement states for continuous variable quantum information processing.
Tunable asymmetric Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering of microwave photons in superconducting circuits
Authors: Wu Kun , Cheng Guangling , Chen Aixi
Published: December 2019

We present an alternative scheme for generating the asymmetric steering of microwave photons via using a superconducting circuit system, where a single

Δ

-type three-level fluxoninum qubit interacts dispersively with three superconducting resonators. The nondegenerate parametric down-conversion occurs among three microwave modes by adiabatically eliminating the atomic variables of the artificial atom, which is responsible for the existence of quantum correlation. Furthermore, the asymmetric steering is easily established with the help of coherent driving of the resonators, and its directionality can be controlled by adjusting the driving strengths to two modes among three modes without additional noise. The scheme we present is based on general quantum operations under conditions of decoherence and nonideal coupling efficiency, and the asymmetric steering of microwave photons is a useful resource for the construction of long-distance quantum communication networks in solid-state systems.
Orbital angular momentum radiator multiplexing electromagnetic waves in free space
Authors: Ren Jian , Leung Kwok Wa , Liu Da Qing , Luk Kwai Man , Mao Jun-Fa
Published: December 2019

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes of electromagnetic (EM) waves have been extensively studied to obtain more than two independent channels at a single frequency. Thus far, however, multiple radiators have been used to achieve this goal in wireless communications. For the first time, a single radiator was designed to simultaneously transmit three OAM waves in free space at the same frequency. Our design makes use of the radiating resonant modes of a dielectric resonator antenna (DRA). For demonstration, a wireless communication system consisting of a pair of transmitting and receiving OAM DRAs was setup and measured. Three EM waves carrying three different signals were transmitted and received successfully, increasing the system throughput without requiring any complex signal processing algorithms. It confirms that a single radiator can wirelessly transmit more than two independent EM waves at a single frequency by using multi-OAM modes. The work is useful for the future high-speed wireless communication systems.
Spin-orbital coupling of quadratic-power-exponent-phase vortex beam propagating in a uniaxial crystal
Authors: Liu Houquan , Deng Shijie , Deng Hongchang , Xu Ronghui , Yang Hongyan , Teng Chuanxin , Zhang Li , Chen Ming , Yuan Libo
Published: December 2019

Recent studies have shown that quadratic-power-exponent-phase (QPEP) vortex and modified QPEP vortex have some novel properties and potential applications in optical manipulation, orbital angular momentum (OAM) communication, OAM multicasting and so on. In these applications, there may be potential need of processing these kinds of beams by using uniaxial crystals. In this paper, the analytical propagation equations of Gaussian QPEP vortex and modified QPEP vortex propagating in uniaxial crystals are derived and the evolution of the angular momentum via spin-orbital coupling during the propagation is investigated. This may be meaningful for guiding and promoting the applications of the QPEP vortex and modified QPEP vortex.
Time-asymmetric quantum fluctuations in intensity-amplitude correlation for a driven cavity QED system
Authors: Zhao Teng , Peng Ze-an , Yang Guo-qing , Huang Guang-ming , Li Gao-xiang
Published: December 2019

The intensity-amplitude correlation functions for a driven cavity QED system with two non-identical atoms are investigated in this paper. With the support of conditional homodyne detection, one can detect the time-dependent intensity-amplitude correlation functions experimentally. We find time-asymmetry in this correlation when the driving field is tuned to be resonant with the two-photon excitation state, which brings non-Gaussian fluctuations. The physical origin of these phenomena is the distinction of the third-order moment based on complete-collapse and partial-collapse, which corresponds to the measuring sequence of the intensity and amplitude. Finally, we also examined the nonclassical features of the system, which always exhibits photon bunching. The squeezing occurs in the region of weak driving and disappears with the increase of driving strength. Hence, a new classical inequality based on the technique of homodyne cross-correlation measurement is introduced to determine the nonclassicality of the non-Gaussian system in the region of unsqueezing.
Direct and indirect optical absorptions of cubic BAs and BSb
Authors: Ge Yanfeng , Wan Wenhui , Guo Xitong , Liu Yong
Published: December 2019

Recently, boron arsenide (BAs) has been measured with high thermal conductivity in the experiments, great encouragement for low-power photoelectric devices. Hence we systematically investigate the direct and indirect optical absorptions of BAs and BSb by using first-principles calculations. We obtain the absorption onset corresponding to the value of indirect bandgap by considering the phonon-assisted second-order indirect optical absorption. The temperature-dependent calculations also capture the redshift of absorption onset, enhancement, and smoothness of optical absorption spectra. Moreover, in order to introduce the first-order absorption in the visible range, the doping effect of congeners is studied without the assist of phonon. It is found that the decrease of local direct bandgap derives from either the decrease of bonding-antibonding repulsion of p orbital states by the heavier III group elements or the similar influence of lighter V group elements on the s orbital states. Thus, the doping of congeners can improve the visible optical absorptions.
Effect of imperfect homodyne visibility on multi-spatial-mode two-mode squeezing measurements
Authors: Gupta Prasoon , Speirs Rory W. , Jones Kevin M. , Lett Paul D.
Published: December 2019

We study the effect of homodyne detector visibility on the measurement of quadrature squeezing for a spatially multi-mode source of two-mode squeezed light. Sources like optical parametric oscillators (OPO) typically produce squeezing in a single spatial mode because the nonlinear medium is within a mode-selective optical cavity. For such a source, imperfect interference visibility in the homodyne detector couples in additional vacuum noise, which can be accounted for by introducing an equivalent loss term. In a free-space multi-spatial-mode system imperfect homodyne detector visibility can couple in uncorrelated squeezed modes, and hence can cause faster degradation of the measured squeezing. We show experimentally the dependence of the measured squeezing level on the visibility of homodyne detectors used to probe two-mode squeezed states produced by a free space four-wave mixing process in 85Rb vapor, and also demonstrate that a simple theoretical model agrees closely with the experimental data.
Demonstration of a combined differential absorption and high spectral resolution lidar for profiling atmospheric temperature
Authors: Stillwell Robert A. , Spuler Scott M. , Hayman Matthew , Repasky Kevin S. , Bunn Catharine E.
Published: December 2019

This work presents the first demonstration of atmospheric temperature measurement using the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique. While DIAL is routinely used to measure atmospheric gases such as ozone and water vapor, almost no success has been found in using DIAL to measure atmospheric temperature. Attempts to measure temperature using a well-mixed gas like oxygen (O2) have largely failed based on a need for quantitative ancillary measurements of water vapor and atmospheric aerosols. Here, a lidar is described and demonstrated that simultaneously measures O2 absorption, water vapor number density, and aerosol backscatter ratio. This combination of measurements allows for the first measurements of atmospheric temperature with useful accuracy. DIAL temperature measurements are presented to an altitude of 4 km with 225 m and 30 min resolution with accuracy better than 3 K. DIAL temperature data is compared to a co-located Raman lidar system and radiosondes to evaluate the system’s performance. Finally, an analysis of current performance characteristics is presented, which highlights pathways for future improvement of this proof-of-concept instrument.
Quantum cascade laser-pumped terahertz molecular lasers: frequency noise and phase-locking using a 1560 nm frequency comb
Authors: Lampin Jean-Francois , Pagies Antoine , Santarelli Giorgio , Hesler Jeffrey , Hansel Wolfgang , Holzwarth Ronald , Barbieri Stefano
Published: December 2019

We report the measurement of the frequency noise power spectral density (PSD) of a Terahertz (THz) molecular laser (ML) pumped by a mid-infrared (MIR) quantum cascade laser (QCL), and emitting 1 mW at 1.1THz in continuous wave. This is achieved by beating the ML frequency with the 1080th harmonic of the repetition rate of a 1560 nm frequency comb (FC). We find a frequency noise PSD < 10Hz2/Hz (-95dBc/Hz) at 100kHz from the carrier. To demonstrate the effect of the stability of the pump laser on the spectral purity of the THz emission we also measure the frequency noise PSD of a CO2-laser-pumped 2.5THz ML, reaching 0.1Hz2/Hz (-105dBc/Hz) at 40kHz from the carrier, limited by the frequency noise of the FC harmonic. Finally, we show that it is possible to actively phase-lock the QCL-pumped molecular laser to the FC repetition rate harmonic by controlling the QCL current, demonstrating a sub-Hz linewidth.
Negative asymmetry parameter in plasmonic core-shell nanoparticles
Authors: Varytis Paris , Busch Kurt
Published: December 2019

Plasmonic nanoparticles with a dielectric-metal core-shell morphology exhibit hybridized modes where the surface plasmon polaritons at the outer and inner surfaces of the shell couple. We demonstrate that suitably tailoring the interference of such hybrid surface plasmon polariton modes leads to composite subwavelength nanospheres with negative asymmetry parameters and strong scattering in the optical frequency range. As a result, for a low density collection of scatterers an anomalous regime occurs, where the extinction mean free path is longer than the transport mean free path. Explicit results for silver-coated nanospheres are presented.
Phase-sensitive amplifier-based optical conversion for direct detection of complex modulation format to bridge long-haul transmissions and short-reach interconnects
Authors: Cui Jiabin , Ji Yuefeng , Lu Guo-Wei , Wang Hongxiang , Zhang Min
Published: December 2019

An optical conversion node scheme for direct detection of complex modulation format is proposed to bridge long-haul transmissions and short-reach interconnects. A noisy 10G Baud quadrature phase shift keying signal is converted into a 10G Baud normal 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) signal by the node. The conversion node is realized mainly relies on four-wave mixing-based phase-sensitive amplifiers. The power ratio and constellation shape of the converted PAM4 both can be flexibly designed based on network demands and five kinds of uniform or non-uniform PAM4s are generated to verify the shaping functionality. With the input optical signal-to-noise ratio range of (10 dB∼30 dB), the key indicators of the signals went through every part are measured, includes constellations, eye diagrams, error vector magnitudes, bit error rates, normalized impact factors of phase and amplitude. The proposed node scheme has great application potential in intermediate nodes for bridging long-haul transmissions and short-reach interconnects, hierarchical modulation and flexible constellations design for advanced format signals.
Wavelength-dependent orientation of the principal axes of photonic crystal fibers measured by windowed Fourier-transform spectral interferometry
Authors: Horváth Mercédesz , Nagyillés Bálint G. , Grósz Tímea , Kovács Attila P.
Published: December 2019

We present a novel polarization alignment technique based on windowed Fourier-transform (WFT) spectral interferometry to determine the wavelength-dependent orientation of the principal polarization axes of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). To test the technique, a commercially available, 82.5-cm-long HC-800-02 type hollow-core PCF was measured. The angles belonging to the fast and the slow principal axes of the fiber were determined from the peak intensity values of the ridges in the WFT map at different wavelengths. We demonstrate that the orientation of the principal polarization axes of the tested PCF is wavelength-dependent. The precision of the angle measurement was better than 0.3°.
All-inorganic silicon white light-emitting device with an external quantum efficiency of 1.0%
Authors: Zhang Chi , Yang Bilin , Chen Jiarong , Wang Dongchen , Zhang Yuchen , Li Shuai , Dai Xiyuan , Zhang Shuyu , Lu Ming
Published: December 2019

With low toxicity and high abundance of silicon, silicon nanocrystal (Si-NC) based white light-emitting device (WLED) is expected to be an alternative promising choice for general lighting in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner. Therefore, an all-inorganic Si-NC based WLED was reported for the first time in this paper. The active layer was made by mixing freestanding Si-NCs with hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ), followed by annealing and preparing the carrier transport layer and electrodes to complete the fabrication of an LED. Under forward biased condition, the electroluminescence (EL) spectrum of the LED showed a broadband spectrum. It was attributed to the mechanism of differential passivation of Si-NCs. The performance of LED could be optimized by modifying the annealing temperature and ratio of Si-NCs to HSQ in the active layer. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) peak of the Si WLED was 1.0% with a corresponding luminance of 225.8 cd/m2, and the onset voltage of the WLED was 2.9V. The chromaticity of the WLED indicated a warm white light emission.
Delay-based reservoir computing: tackling performance degradation due to system response time
Authors: Ortín Silvia , Pesquera Luis
Published: December 2019

We analyze the degradation of the computational capacity of delay-based reservoir computers due to system response time. We demonstrate that this degradation is reduced when the delay time is greater than the data injection time. Performance improvement is demonstrated on several benchmarking tasks.
TiO2/Mg-SnO2 nanoparticle composite compact layer for enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Liu Nan , Chen Mengwei , Yang Hao , Ran Meiqing , Zhang Chi , Luo Xuanhui , Lu Haifei , Yang Yingping
Published: December 2019

As an important part of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the compact electron transport layer largely determines the performance of devices. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and tin dioxide (SnO2) are very common materials for the electron transport layer (ETL) in PSCs. However, less has been reported regarding the development of high efficiency mesoporous PSCs based on a SnO2 compact layer. Herein, we prepared Mg doped modified SnO2 film at high temperature, combined it with TiO2 to form a composite compact layer, and then applied PSCs with the mesoporous structure. Compared with the pristine SnO2 compact layer, the composite compact layer has excellent interface contact with perovskite and higher electronic extraction capacity. Moreover, the defect free contact between TiO2 and FTO provides stronger hole blocking ability. Devices based on composite compact layers have almost no hysteresis effect. With the composite compact layer, the devices achieved a champion PCE of 13.01%, which is a 9.79% increase compared to the pristine SnO2 compact layer device.
Learning through praise: How Christian worship band musicians learn
Authors: Benjamins Laura
Published: December 2019

Popular music education continues to increase in North American educational settings. While popular music teaching and learning are recognized in a variety of contexts, contemporary Christian church praise bands have not been significantly addressed in music education literature. In addressing this gap, the purpose of this study is to examine the musicking practices occurring in the contemporary worship music (CWM) context and how these lead contemporary Christian musicians to acquire and develop their musical skills. Green’s five principles of informal music learning were found to apply in part, yet other distinctive features were also present in study findings. Themes such as elitism, excellence, hierarchies of musical engagement, and inclusion/exclusion of worshippers and the congregation also arose, providing interesting areas for future research.
Practical approaches to including popular music in the secondary ensemble
Authors: Musgrove Kristine Anita
Published: December 2019

This article offers guidelines to secondary music ensemble directors who are interested in incorporating informal approaches common to popular music making within their ensemble. The approaches provided utilize listening, improvisation, arranging, composition and collaboration in order to incorporate popular music learning. The examples discussed are specific strategies and methods which can be used by secondary music ensemble directors as entry points into popular music making activities. Strategies and methods presented place focus on approaching popular music making from the students’ musical interest and experiences promoting student-led learning.
A toe-tapping good time: Informal musicking through critical pedagogy in inclusive settings
Authors: Lorway Verne Hélène
Published: December 2019

This article draws upon the experiences of the author as a music educator creating inclusive music programmes over the past 24 years. She describes how informal learning gleaned from the approaches of popular musicians, combined with musicking as a means of building powerful relationships and critical pedagogy to infuse student voices into the teaching and learning process is a potent recipe for building an inclusive music class. Such a method needs to be guided by music educators throughout the learning process. Examining inclusive music education leads to further questions regarding what constitutes musicality and non-musicality in western society. When persons of all ages are involved in musicking in school and community contexts, music educators need to be involved in the challenges surrounding notions of musicality and non-musicality to steer processes that can create spaces for learning and growth.
Digital costume sketching through embodied awareness
Authors: Manninen Kirsi
Published: December 2019

This article presents a method for costume design, where empathy and embodiment are used as methodological choices by the designer in the character-creation process. In creating references for the sketching process, costume designers combine photos in which they portray themselves as the character that they imagine. These role-selfies, taken with a handheld tablet, work as starting points for the sketching procedure. The material for the present study is collected from MA costume design students who participated in digital character-creation courses at Aalto University, in Helsinki, Finland, and is a part of doctoral research by the author. The data are collected through a mixed-method approach and is organized as a case study investigating the experiences of using the body as a source for costume design. The research question in this study is as follows: does an awareness of one’s own body facilitate the sketching process? The initial results show that the research participants consider the method useful because it enables them to experience a stronger bodily connection with the digital medium, the imagined design and the emerging character in the costume sketching process. Hence, the findings of this study can be used to develop design and teaching practices not only in the field of costume design but also in other design processes involving character creation.
Apoptosis in Hydra: function of HyBcl-2 like 4 and proteins of the transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif (TMBIM) containing family
Authors: Motamedi Mina , Lindenthal Laura , Wagner Anita , Kemper Margherita , Moneer Jasmin , Steichele Mona , Klimovich Alexander , Wittlieb Jörg , Jenewein Marcell , Böttger Angelika
Published: December 2019

Mechanisms of programmed cell death differ between animals, plants and fungi. In animals, apoptotic cell death depends on caspases and Bcl-2 family proteins. These protein families are only found in multicellular animals, including cnidarians, insects and mammals. In contrast, members of the TMBIM-family of transmembrane proteins are conserved across all eukaryotes. Sequence comparisons of cell death related proteins between phyla indicate strong conservation of the genes involved. However, often it is not known whether this is paralleled by conservation of function. Here we present the first study to support an anti-apoptotic function of Bcl-2 like proteins in the cnidarian Hydra within a physiological context. We used transgenic Hydra expressing GFP-tagged HyBcl-2-like 4 protein in epithelial cells. The protein was localised to mitochondria and able to protect Hydra epithelial cells from apoptosis induced by either the PI(3) kinase inhibitor wortmannin or by starvation. Moreover, we identified members of the TMBIM-family in Hydra including HyBax-Inhibitor-1, HyLifeguard-1a and -1b and HyLifeguard 4. Expressing these TMBIM-family members in Hydra and human HEK cells, we found HyBax-inhibitor-1 protein localised to ER-membranes and HyLifeguard-family members localised to the plasma membrane and Golgi-vesicles. Moreover, HyBax-inhibitor-1 protected human cells from camptothecin induced apoptosis. This work illustrates that the investigated Bcl-2- and TMBIM-family members represent evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial, ER, Golgi and plasma membrane proteins with anti-apoptotic functions. The participation of ER and Golgi proteins in the regulation of programmed cell death might be a very ancient feature.
Isolation and phenotyping of potential stem cells from the umbilical cord of the bottlenose dolphin(Tursiops truncatus)
Authors: Mancia Annalaura , Zuccon Giulia , Lunardi Denise , Biancani Barbara , Gili Claudia , Stanyon Roscoe , García-Parraga Daniel , Mellado Mara , Abelli Luigi , Moreno-Manzano Victoria
Published: December 2019

We have successfully isolated cells with stem-like properties from bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) umbilical cord. Our results show that this cetacean species has embryonic fetal and adult stem cells as do humans and other studied mammals. This accomplishment allows to eventually investigate whether dolphins, due to their unique adaptations to aquatic environments, have special stem cell lineages or distinctive mechanisms of cell programming. Further characterization of their potency to differentiate into multiple cell lineages would fulfill numerous applicative purposes. We characterized, developed and refined a new protocol for obtaining potential stem cells from umbilical cord tissues of the bottlenose dolphin. Tissue samples were taken from umbilical cords of successful deliveries immediately after placenta ejection and collection from the water. Umbilical cord samples (2-3 cm3) were excised and subjected to enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissociation. Viable cells from specimens resident in the Oceanografic Valencia were cultured and subsequently isolated and tested for pluripotent characteristics (cell morphology, phenotype and expression of surface markers). Cell viability was confirmed also after freezing/thawing. The established protocol is suitable for collection/isolation/culture of dolphin potential mesenchymal stem cells from dolphin umbilical cord, which can be deposited in cell banks for future research needs.
Dictyostelium discoideum as a pharmacological model system to study the mechanisms of medicinal drugs and natural products
Authors: Schaf Judith , Damstra-Oddy Joseph , Williams Robin S.B.
Published: December 2019

Developing novel compounds for the treatment of diseases remains one of the highest priorities in biomedical research, where it is critical to identify their targets and how they work at a cellular level. Most studies in this area employ mammalian models, since rodents or non-human primates are seen as a good approximation for humans. However, using mammalian models can be problematic for a range of reasons, including high genetic redundancy and the essential role for many proteins in development. More importantly, it is very difficult to identify how compounds function at a cellular or molecular level in these models without a previously suggested mechanism or target. So how can we identify targets of medicinal compounds? In this review we outline the use of an innovative and tractable model system, Dictyostelium discoideum, to provide useful insight to the cellular and molecular functions of both therapeutic drugs and pharmacologically active natural products. We outline the advantages of using this model, and then provide a range of exemplar studies using D. discoideum in pharmacological research to demonstrate breakthroughs in understanding the action and effects of compounds, and the subsequent translational of these advances to mammalian models leading to potential improvements in societal health.
SANEAMENTO BÁSICO E PERTENCIMENTO: AÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA ESCOLA 19 DE OUTUBRO, IVOTI/RS
Authors: Crivellaro Carla Valeria Leonini , Steffen Rosalia
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as percepções acerca da relação construída entre Saneamento Básico, Justiça Ambiental e Pertencimento por estudantes do 6º Ano da Escola Estadual de Educação Básica 19 de Outubro, no município de Ivoti/RS. Para atender a este propósito, lançou-se mão de reflexões que contemplassem uma perspectiva de Educação Ambiental crítica e transformadora. Através de uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, que mesclou atividades externas, palestras expositivas, e atividades de fixação de conteúdo, os resultados apontaram para a necessidade de incluir a Educação Ambiental como uma prática de inter-relacionamento entre o ser humano e o ambiente natural, e entre as pessoas.
PROMOVENDO REFLEXÕES SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA
Authors: Günzel Rafaela Engers , Uhmann Rosângela Inês Matos , Leite Fabiane De Andrade
Published: December 2019

A necessidade de construirmos uma sociedade sustentável possui a escola que pode se constituir na principal aliada. Um dos desafios para formar cidadãos críticos e atuantes ecologicamente, tem na prática pedagógica do professor o modo de relacionar os conceitos científicos com as questões ambientais. Para tanto, apresentamos duas atividades desenvolvidas no estágio de docência em Química com alunos do 1º ano do Ensino Médio. Momento em que a discussão ambiental foi levada para as aulas por meio de um questionário para desenvolver o pensamento acerca da temática. Concluímos elencando com necessidade da problematização das questões ambientais, pois os alunos possuem informações que precisam da mediação do professor para a elaboração do conhecimento, quando se almeja a relação conceitual e ambiental de forma intrínseca e sistemática.
PROGRAMA ESCOLAS SUSTENTÁVEIS E COM-VIDA: UMA REVISITA AO PROJETO POLÍTICO PEDAGÓGICO
Authors: Vieira Maria Rita Mendonça , Castro Suzete Rosana de , Zanon Angela Maria
Published: December 2019

O artigo discute a importância do Programa Escolas Sustentáveis Com-Vida e suas reflexões na reformulação do Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) de uma escola participante do processo formativo, em 2015. A investigação de perspectiva qualitativa analisou o PPP dessa instituição escolar. Os resultados apontam que o processo formativo possibilitou a discussão democrática na escola, o que resultou na reformulação do PPP, em 2017. E, embora a dimensão ambiental seja apresentada apenas na abordagem dos temas transversais, percebemos que os princípios da Educação Ambiental estão presentes ao longo do instrumento analisado. As reflexões oportunizadas e o pensamento participativo para a formulação do PPP foram potencializadas durante a formação por meio de conhecimentos teórico-práticos permitindo a transformação do espaço escolar, no sentido de avançar na construção de uma verdadeira Escola Sustentável.
Educação Ambiental no Ensino Fundamental: ensinar a conhecer “microalgas” para preservação dos corpos d’água
Authors: Da Silva Juliana Ferreira
Published: December 2019

Como estratégia para a preservação dos ambientes aquáticos, foi aplicada uma oficina com atividade prática a alunos do 6º ao 9º ano da Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental. A forma avaliativa foi por meio de questionários respondidos dias antes da oficina e um mês após esta. A palestra teve como proposta provocar a reflexão assim como mostrar a existência e a importância das microalgas nos ambientes aquáticos. Durante a oficina, os alunos observaram, em microscópios ópticos, microalgas de corpos d'água próximos da escola, espécies de culturas e em lâminas permanentes. Avaliando os questionários, pode-se perceber que as atividades desenvolvidas facilitaram a compreensão e a assimilação de conceitos sobre a temática abordada, sensibilizando os alunos para a importância da preservação dos corpos d’água.
Educação ambiental: o brincar com a energia solar em escolas urbanas da Amazônia Amapaense
Authors: Brito Angela do Céu Ubaiara , Brito Alaan Ubaiara , Gomes Raimunda kelly Silva , Farias Reginaldo De Jesus Costa
Published: December 2019

O trabalho discute conceitos de energia solar na percepção de crianças (7 a 10 anos), através de jogos, brinquedos e brincadeiras. Tem como objetivo entender o processo de sensibilização e mudança de hábitos e atitudes. A metodologia utilizada foi qualitativa de uso etnográfico educacional que conviveu com as crianças das escolas públicas do primeiro ciclo do Ensino Fundamental. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 340 alunos e 10 professores. Os resultados mostram que a investigação possibilitou entender os jogos, brinquedos e brincadeiras que discutem a temática da energia solar no trabalho com a educação ambiental desenvolvido no âmbito de uma educação participativa. A educação ambiental possibilitou um pensar reflexivo das crianças por meio de jogos, brinquedos e brincadeiras.
Aprendizagem-Serviço e Fóruns Comunitários: articulações para a construção da cidadania na Educação Ambiental
Authors: Da Silva Marco Antonio Morgado , Araújo Ulisses Ferreira
Published: December 2019

O conceito de cidadania ocupa posição central no escopo das diferentes perspectivas que configuram o campo da Educação Ambiental. Não obstante, os significados atribuídos ao conceito, bem como a proposição de estratégias metodológicas dirigidas a sua construção, nem sempre têm sido devidamente explorados. Este artigo explora as implicações teórico-metodológicas da cidadania com a Educação Ambiental, conferindo destaque ao potencial que a articulação entre a metodologia da Aprendizagem-Serviço e a ferramenta dos Fóruns Comunitários pode aportar para a construção da cidadania no âmbito da educação formal.
La insurgencia y el movimiento social en el macizo colombiano: la década de 1990
Authors: Alfonso Leal Roger Camilo
Published: December 2019

La investigación analiza las relaciones entre el movimiento social del macizo colombiano y la insurgencia en el sur del departamento del Cauca para la década de los 90, para ello se realizaron visitas de campo al territorio y la construcción de fuentes orales a partir de entrevistas a líderes y lideresas de las organizaciones sociales participantes del movimiento social del macizo. Se encontró que la presencia insurgente posibilitó el desarrollo del movimiento campesino en el macizo colombiano y sus grandes movilizaciones durante el periodo estudiado, pero al mismo tiempo fue afectado negativamente por la “justicia guerrillera”, las acciones militares y la consecución de recursos económicos de las guerrillas.
Nociones de paz: una revisión teórica del concepto
Authors: Hernández Diego Ariel
Published: December 2019

El concepto de paz tiende a usarse cada vez más en el mundo como un concepto coyuntural con el que se acuerda el fin de un conflicto armado, un concepto estructural, ligado a la cultura, inherente al ser humano, sus relaciones y su medio ambiente. Puede definirse con múltiples características y diversos vínculos, puesto que es plural, relativo, polisémico y dinámico; además, es polémico, debido a que se nutre de “paces” y no de “paz”. A mediados del siglo XX se crean centros de investigación y análisis que convierten a la paz en paradigma, por tanto, este artículo presenta unas nociones del concepto de paz que se han venido desarrollando en la investigación.
De la ira a la compasión: el cultivo político de las emociones
Authors: Calvo de Saavedra Ángela
Published: December 2019

La pregunta por la posibilidad de construir una cultura de paz se aborda desde la convicción de que la paz hunde sus raíces en la geografía emocional de cada persona, de manera que es preciso comprender tanto cuáles son las fuerzas internas que han conducido a las múltiples formas de violencia en la vida cotidiana, como los recursos con que se cuenta para contrarrestar sus efectos en las narrativas personales y políticas. Se exploran en particular dos emociones: la ira y la compasión como su mejor antídoto. Comprender la peculiar estructura cognitiva de cada una permite evaluar su papel normativo y, sobre todo, destacar cómo, según Nussbaum y Thich Nhat Hanh, hay una suerte de transición natural de la primera hacia la segunda, dispositivo privilegiado hacia una comunidad política justa y democrática.
24-Hour Microclimate Conditions in Livestock Building
Authors: Głuski Tadeusz , Patro Magdalena , Marczuk Andrzej , Misztal Wojciech , Szwedziak Katarzyna , Grzywacz Żaneta
Published: December 2019

The size of all sensible heat balance components in livestock building varies in time, because it depends on time-varying weather factors. On the example of two buildings, sensible heat balance was shown on a daily basis. Measurements carried out in winter and spring in two livestock buildings with usable attics included measurements of air temperature and humidity inside and outside, air velocity in ventilation channels, and wind speed. Measuring devices were designed to record the results of measurements at intervals of 300s. During each such time interval, sensible heat losses by ventilation, heat losses by permeation through the barrier construction, and the amount of sensible heat produced by the animals were calculated. The results of measurements were shown in graphs. The study is important for the development of animal livestock building.
Verification of the Peleg and Normand Equation at Varied Loads and Moisture During Stress Relaxation of Wheat
Authors: Łysiak Grzegorz , Kulig Ryszard , Wójcik Monika
Published: December 2019

Wheat kernel is made up of structures of different apparent viscosities with varied ability to withstand stress and dissipate strain energy. Its complex mechanical behaviour determines technological susceptibility and is important for wheat quality assessment. The aim of the study was the examination of the Peleg and Normand model to characterize the overall stress relaxation behaviour of wheat kernel at varying loading conditions. The relaxation experiments were made with a help of a universal machine Zwick Z020 in compression at four distinct initial load levels, i.e., 20, 30, 40, and 50 N. The measurements were made for intact wheat kernels at seven levels of moisture content. Relaxation characteristics were approximated with the help of Peleg and Normand formula. An interactive influence of the load level and moisture on Peleg and Normand constants have been confirmed. The initial loading level had none or only slight effect on the model coefficients (Y(t), k
1 and k
2). The parameters of the Peleg and Normand model decreased with the increase of water content in kernels. For moist kernels, a higher amount of absorbed compression energy was relaxed, since less energy was necessary to keep the deformation at a constant level.
Justification of the Rheological Model of Process of Plastic Material Injection by the Rollers
Authors: Szwedziak Katarzyna , Stadnyk Igor , Golyachuk Sergey , Grzywacz Żaneta
Published: December 2019

It is justified thatproblems related to the changes in structural and mechanical properties of plastic material and influence of structural elements of equipment and modes of implementation of the for-mation process on them are considered detail, taking into account empirical data, theoretical dependencies and results of physical experiments. It was established that during the mechanical influence of rollers with grooves on a structured dispersion plastic material in the node of injection of the molding machine, internal shear, and shearing deformation have a preponderant value. Accordingly, the productivity of machines is determined mainly by the structural parameters of the working bodies geometry, kinematics, and contact area. It is shown that increasing the pressure in the plastic material causes a decrease in its volume, but the relationship between pressure and volume has a nonlinear character. It has been established that regardless the variety of flour from which the plastic material was prepared for bagels, its moisture content and the duration of fermentation reduced viscosity of the effective plastic material along with the increase of the shear stress. The paper describes the refined rheological model of the Bingham body deformation, which develops instantaneously, and the velocity of the common elastic deformation in the dough is a simultaneous function of stresses and temperatures, which are close to exponential ones.