bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDI KODIKOLOGI DAN TEKSTOLOGI MANUSKRIP MUSHAF MADURA
Authors: Khozinul Alim
Published: November 2023

Kajian ini dilatarbelakangi akan kayanya peninggalan manuskrip mushaf al-Qur’an yang beredar dan di tanah nusantara, khususnya Indonesia. Tulisan ini merupakan salah satu upaya memperkaya kajian berkenaan manuskrip mushaf al-Qur’an. penulis berusaha mengungkap aspek kodikologi dan tekstologi manuskrip mushaf kuno Madura. Setelah dilakukan penelitian dapat diketahui. Mushaf berumur sekitar 80 tahun. Iluminasi ditemukan pada bagian awal, tengah, dan akhir motif floral sederhana dengan warna hijau mendominasi. Khat yang digunakan dominan menggunakan khat naskhi. Rasm pada manuskrip ini menggunakan rasm campuran yaitu rasm utsmānī dan rasm imlai/istilahi dengan qiraat ‘Āṣim riwayat Ḥafṣ. Tanda baca serta tanda waqaf yang digunakan cenderung sama dengan mushaf standar Indonesia yang beredar saat ini. tipologi kesalahan di dalam manuskrip ini meliputi kesalahan dalam ḍabṭ syak, huruf, kata, kalimat, bahkan ketidakjelasan huruf.

Kata kunci: Manuskrip, scholia, ḍabṭ, kuras.
El cambio climático y la producción agrícola familiar y empresarial en América Latina
Authors: García Pedro
Published: November 2023

Es un hecho que la agricultura es una actividad productiva altamente dependiente de las condiciones ambientales y muy sensible a la variabilidad climática y al cambio climático. Todos los escenarios descritos sugieren contundentemente que los efectos sobre la agricultura serán severos en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) y por ende en Venezuela, donde los pequeños productores agrícolas y los de subsistencia resultarían ser los más sensibles y vulnerables para enfrentar los cambios ante la variabilidad del clima. El presente artículo es el resultado de un proceso de revisión de información relacionada con los impactos del cambio climático en el contexto de ALC, con énfasis en Venezuela. Los modelos climáticos proyectan que el cambio climático afectaría negativamente los rendimientos, las áreas cultivadas y las producciones de muchos cultivos en el trópico, además de limitar potencialmente los avances que en materia de seguridad alimentaria se alcanzarían en un escenario sin cambio climático. En los últimos años, el cambio climático ha puesto en evidencia los altos niveles de vulnerabilidad a los que están expuestos los países de la región. El reto a corto plazo para la ALC –y en particular, para Venezuela– es identificar los grados de vulnerabilidad y diseñar medidas adecuadas de adaptación. El cambio climático va a provocar una alteración en las condiciones agroclimáticas del país, en la geografía de la aptitud de las tierras e introducirá a futuro cambios en los sistemas de producción de una gran cantidad de cultivos o la implementación de nuevos rubros agrícolas y sistemas de producción, para lo cual será necesario fomentar líneas de investigación básica en la adaptación de cultivos y prácticas agronómicas ante las futuras condiciones climáticas. Pero también abre oportunidades para nuevos cultivos con potencial de valor agregado vía transformación productiva. No obstante, las acciones de adaptación al cambio climático deben vincularse con las estrategias nacionales de desarrollo y lucha contra la pobreza.
Agro 4.0: ¿Una posibilidad de mejora en el campo venezolano o una solución para la agricultura en Venezuela?
Authors: Chacón Edgar , Cardillo Juan , Hernández Martha
Published: November 2023

La irrupción de las tecnologías de información en todas las actividades de la sociedad ha traído importantes mejoras en su desarrollo. La agricultura y la agroindustria han sido dos de los grandes beneficiarios de estos cambios, al mejorar la calidad de los datos obtenidos, el desarrollo de modelos para una agricultura más precisa, así como el manejo de la cadena de valor desde los proveedores hasta el consumidor final con base en la internet y otras herramientas digitales. No obstante, para alcanzarlos es necesario mejorar la formación de las personas involucradas y nuevos modos de gestión de los recursos y procesos productivos. El objetivo de este artículo es caracterizar y analizar la situación venezolana respecto al uso de estas tecnologías, para luego formular una propuesta de gestión de las mismas, con el fin último que estos beneficios lleguen a las distintas cadenas agroalimentarias de Venezuela. En estudios previos realizados por el equipo se verificó que –efectivamente– los productores del agro están en la mejor disposición de encarar el paradigma AGRO 4.0, incluyendo la gestión de sus recursos hídricos y sus actividades productivas, con el fin de tener una producción amigable con el ambiente. El análisis de la situación actual y las perspectivas de implantación de tecnologías AGRO 4.0 indica que se puede reducir la presión sobre el recurso agua (Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 6.4.2), al igual que permitirá mejorar la rentabilidad de las actividades del sector agroalimentario y un incremento de la gobernanza. En el caso específico del estudio de la situación en Venezuela respecto al uso de estas tecnologías, las limitaciones tanto económicas como de las tecnologías disponibles, aunadas a la falta de formación tecnológica de los usuarios son las razones que condujeron a formular una propuesta de gestión de las mismas, para que estos beneficios lleguen a las distintas cadenas mediante una estructura que permita el uso de la tecnología por parte del productor del campo, incorporando aspectos de implantación de una infraestructura tecnológica compartida, esquemas de alfabetización tecnológica y una propuesta de gestión que permitan el uso compartido de los recursos limitados, incluyendo el recurso hídrico de una manera transparente.
Propuesta de modelo de gestión por competencias para instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Díaz Ángel Oswaldo
Published: November 2023

Desde la creación de la primera Institución de Educación Superior (IES) en El Salvador en 1965, se ha generado una diversidad de opciones para la creciente comunidad estudiantil, buscando la mejor opción con base en la excelencia académica. Esto plantea una serie de problemas para las IES, que radican en el papel que realizan sus colaboradores para alcanzar la excelencia académica. Estas Instituciones de Educación Superior, han planteado sus modelos de gestión por competencias para la contratación, formación y evaluación de su personal colaborador, con la finalidad de alcanzar las misiones y visiones planteadas en base a la excelencia académica.Esta situación es analizada y evaluada en este artículo, cuyo sentido es si en la actualidad mantienen esos modelos de gestión por competencias y su forma de aplicación dentro de la IES.Por lo que se obtuvieron opiniones respecto a la temática, mediante la administración de cuestionarios a personal administrativo y docentes universitarios de las IES, así mismo se entrevistó a representantes de instituciones de alta gerencia que monitorean el desempeño del personal, lo cual permitió identificar percepciones, críticas y proposiciones ahondando en las visiones y retos del modelo de gestión por competencias.
Thriving at university: Designing a coaching psychology programme to promote wellbeing and resilience among undergraduate students
Authors: Dias Gisele P. , Vourda Maria-Christina , Percy Zephyr , Bevilaqua Mário Cesar do Nascimento , Kandaswamy Radhika , Kralj Carolina , Strauss Naomi , Zunszain Patricia A.
Published: November 2023

Wellbeing concerns increased during the Covid-19 pandemic, with university students being a population deserving special attention. Considering this, and the positive impact that coaching psychology can make in promoting wellbeing and resilience, we designed Time to Thrive (version 2022), a coaching psychology programme for undergraduate students based on an integrative model of cognitive-behavioural solution-focused coaching, positive psychology coaching and principles of neuroscience. This paper presents 1) the coaching psychology model used as a framework to structure the content of the programme. The model, called EMERALD, is based on the following domains for wellbeing and resilience: Emotions, Meaning and Engagement, Relationships, Achievements, Living better and Driving change; and 2) the co-creation approach that we used to design the programme and its upcoming evaluation, and a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with students after a pilot run. Voluntary response sampling was used to recruit first-year undergraduate students across the different faculties of the university. Preliminary results (N=6) indicate that the acceptability of Time to Thrive is high among undergraduate students. Participants commented on perceived outcomes from engaging with the programme, topic content, the virtual learning environment resources and materials, interaction with other students, structure and timeline, and recruitment strategies for increasing the visibility of Time to Thrive and reaching students more broadly. By presenting EMERALD and the initial results of this student-centred project, we hope to contribute to the work of other colleagues aiming to develop similar coaching psychology strategies to promote student wellbeing and resilience at universities and other educational settings.
Analysis of Speaking Proficiency in Children Aged 2-5 Years at Kelas Berenang Karawang Institution
Authors: Aris Mohammad , Parancika Rd Bily , Anum Adelina
Published: November 2023

Early childhood has several aspects that need to be developed to be able to improve cognitive and psychomotor development. One of these aspects is language proficiency. At the age of 2-6 years is the golden age which is the age of children in the early days of their life in the world. This age is at the best development for the child's physique and brain. Similarly, speaking skills need to be trained from an early age in order to form more appropriate speaking skills. This research is a qualitative research conducted by reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of this study show that early children between 2-3 years still speak using syllables or final spoken words, while early children aged 4-5 years who have begun to enter preschool have begun to be able to form words by displaying morphemes, and syntax.
Revisão sistemática de delineamento de dissertações sobre o uso das UEPS no ensino da biologia no período 2018-2021
Authors: Da Silva Silvio Luiz Rutz , Wurum Viviane Aparecida
Published: November 2023

A teoria da aprendizagem significativa foi proposta por Ausubel no século XX e trata da aprendizagem com significado. Como recurso facilitador da aprendizagem significativa, temos a Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa – (UEPS), proposta por Moreira. O presente trabalho diz respeito a uma revisão sistemática de literatura, com o objetivo de apresentar um panorama das pesquisas produzidas em teses e dissertações sobre UEPS no ensino da biologia. A análise dos dados é de natureza qualitativa através da Análise de Conteúdo Temática Categorial de Bardin. A partir das análises foi possível aferir que os trabalhos apresentam certa tendência, quanto aos objetivos, estes concentram-se no desenvolvimento de uma UEPS, na busca e na promoção de indícios de aprendizagem significativa, quanto aos sujeitos, há uma tendência em relação aos alunos do segundo ano do ensino médio, a metodologia mais utilizada é a UEPS, a teoria e as ferramentas didáticas mais utilizadas são a teoria da aprendizagem significativa e os mapas conceituais. Sobre os principais resultados, estes referem-se à promoção de indícios de aprendizagem significativa e a predisposição de aprender pelos alunos.
Estudo comparativo das propriedades do aço API 5L-X60
Authors: Julião Amanda Lopes Argollo , Matta Patrícia dos Santos , Da Cunha Tatiana Santos , Gurova Tetyana
Published: November 2023

Na atualidade, as indústrias apresentam problemas relacionados ao pleno funcionamento das máquinas em função da fadiga das mesmas, causando muitas vezes interrupções na produção que consequentemente sobrecarrega financeiramente a indústria. Assim, torna-se essencial a realização de estudos voltados a manter as máquinas operantes, pois, seja metal ou outro material, estes podem ser danificados pela fadiga e minimizar sua degradação é primordial. Nesse contexto, este estudo objetiva abordar de forma comparativa, através de uma revisão da literatura, as propriedades do aço API 5L-X60, onde foi possível demonstrar os ensaios de tração, impacto e dureza e concluir que o aço apresenta boa resistência, boa soldabilidade e baixo custo.
Conspiratorial Thinking among Russian Speakers in Estonia: From COVID-19 to the War in Ukraine
Authors: Astapova Anastasiya
Published: November 2023

This research stems from ethnographic interviews about COVID-19 conspiracy theories that uncovered that the interviewees (members of the Russophone minority residing in Estonia) perceived a significant connection between the pandemic and the war in Ukraine. I analyze major themes that bring two conspiracy theories together, one theory about the pandemic and the other about the war in Ukraine—and other narratives that tend to gravitate toward them to form a system of vernacular knowledge. I also explore the reasons and vulnerabilities behind this group's beliefs in conspiracy theories.
Living Cultural Heritage and the Traditional and Folk Arts in the Nonprofit Sector: Data on Scope, Finances, and FundingReport Summary
Authors: Rosenstein Carole , Kim Mirae , Vakharia Neville
Published: November 2023

This piece is the second of a three-part forum published in this issue. Part I is the “Executive Summary” and “Introduction” of The Alliance for California Traditional Arts’ Tending the Taproot: Opportunities to Support Folk & Traditional Arts in the United States report by Amy Kitchener, Shweta Saraswat-Sullivan, and Lily Kharrazi, published in December 2022. Part II is a summary of the Living Cultural Heritage and the Traditional and Folk Arts in the Nonprofit Sector report by Carole Rosenstein, Mirae Kim, and Neville Vakharia. Part III is a forum of essays in response to the two reports, by people with diverse engagement with and perspectives on the data and findings: Tayshu Bommelyn, Martha Gonzalez, Debora Kodish, Selina Morales, Elizabeth Peterson, Langston Collin Wilkins, and Andrew Zitcer.
“The Most Wonderful Specimen of Man”
Authors: Brady Jacqueline
Published: November 2023

In the early twentieth century, Eugen Sandow popularized bodybuilding by selling it as a scientific discipline to a wide and international clientele. Linking bodybuilding to medical science, Sandow marketed it as a therapeutic system that improved the whole body, internally and externally. While the field of Sandow studies has grown lately, with a couple of essays discussing his marketing techniques, no studies have closely considered his persistent use of popular science in the widescale selling of bodybuilding. This article aims to fill this gap. Drawing on Sandow's many publications, media coverage, and biographical information, it argues that Sandow's finesse in linking bodybuilding to popular science—practices in anatomical science, ideas from evolutionary biology, and rhetoric regarding energy efficiency, machine technology, and factory systems—helped him conceptualize a curative physical culture. With the new medical-scientific framework that Sandow promoted internationally through print media and publicity campaigns, bodybuilding became a mainstream activity for both men and women across class and cultural divides, and the health and fitness business grew into a lucrative global industry. Along the way, Sandow taught people about the human body and changed our ways of viewing and knowing it.
Second-Class Waves for Second-Class Citizens
Authors: Laderman Scott
Published: November 2023

This article traces the colonial origins of sexism and hypermasculinity in modern surf culture. As white Americans increasingly took up surfing following the US annexation of Hawai‘i in 1898, sexism emerged as an enduring feature of the pastime. Indeed, it became ubiquitous during the sport's massive growth in the second half of the twentieth century, with sexist comments, photographs, and articles seemingly everywhere in the surf media. By the 1970s, women began to speak out more forcefully about the hostility and barriers they faced, though this was only the beginning of a long struggle for gender equality.
Government-Mandated Coolness: Education Policy, the Koto, and Music Teacher Retraining in Japan
Authors: Groesbeck Garrett
Published: November 2023

In 1998, Japan's Ministry of Education amended the country's national curriculum to require the inclusion of traditional Japanese instruments in kindergarten through twelfth grade (K-12) music education. Over the last two decades, Japanese ethnomusicologists, music education scholars, and performers of hōgaku (musical genres with roots in premodern Japan) have begun to grow a body of literature and pedagogical techniques aimed at helping K-12 music teachers, mostly untrained in hōgaku, fulfill this requirement. In this article, I explore the innovations of this new hōgaku pedagogy and argue that coolness, a concept widely deployed in Japanese economic, political, and media discourse, is central to its understanding.
Sustainability Policy and the Stage of Divine Play: Hindu Philosophy at the Nexus of Animal Welfare, Environment, and Sustainable Development
Authors: Clifton Wolf Gordon
Published: November 2023

International policy frameworks can influence values and ideals by promoting a common conception of societal good, a domain overlapping with the traditional concerns of religion. Animal welfare has begun to receive attention in the UN environmental and sustainable development policy. This article explores the potential for Hindu religious communities and organizations to contribute to the creation and implementation of policy on animal welfare and the environment. The article centers on a discussion of the UN Environment Assembly's March 2022 resolution on the Animal Welfare—Environment—Sustainable Development Nexus and the traditional Hindu concepts of līlā (divine play), ahiṃsā (harmlessness), and sevā (service).
Diagnosing Skin Cancer using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors:   JC BOSE University of Science and Technology, YMCA Faridabad, India, Pillai Anuradha
Published: November 2023

Melanoma skin cancer is one of the deadly types of skin cancer and Biopsy is the method that is used to detect this cancer and success rate depends on performance of a trained doctor. The biopsy Process is very painful and requires considerable time. So, there is a need for a technique that can detect melanoma cancer that could avoid biopsy and that would be based on looking deep into skin cancer images. This paper has conducted a study on image classification of melanoma skin cancer using machine learning and various neural network techniques. The stages of the cancer image classification process melanoma skin in this study include the preprocessing process, segmentation, feature extraction with ABCD namely Asymmetry, Border Irregularity, Color Variation and Diameter. Subsequently, it's quantified that both the machine learning and neural network can be used for skin cancer diagnostics.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI KEPRIBADIAN GURU TERHADAP PRESTASI HAFALAN QUR'AN PADA SANTRI HALAQAH KIBAR
Authors: Makhfud Zhahrul , Muslimin Edy , Mukhlisah Iffah
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh kompetensi kepribadian guru terhadap prestasi hafalan quran santri halaqah kibar di Rumah Tahfidz Al-Awwab, Ginung. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional. Metode kuantitatif korelasional merupakan teknik analisa statistic mengenai hubungan dua variabel atau lebih. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang telah dilakukan, maka terdapat hasil berupa kesimpulan sebagai berikut: 1) Kompetensi kepribadian guru tahfidzul quran halaqah kibar di Rumah Tahfidz Al-Awwab mayoritas sebanyak 19 orang (86,36%) masuk dalam kategori SANGAT BAIK. 2) Prestasi hafalan Quran santri halaqah kibar di Rumah Tahfidz Al-Awwab, Ginung, Gajahan Kecamatan Colomadu, Karanganyar mayoritas yaitu 10 orang (45,45%) responden berada pada nilai 89.3 > X ≥ 80.9 berada dalam kategori BAIK. untuk frekuensi terbanyak selanjutnya adalah kategori sangat baik dan kategori cukup dengan frekuensi 5 orang atau sebesar 22,72%. 3)Pengaruh kompetensi kepribadian guru terhadap prestasi hafalan Quran santri halaqah kibar di Rumah Tahfidz Al-Awwab, Ginung, Gajahan Kecamatan Colomadu, Karanganyar memiliki KORELASI LEMAH
PENGARUH BIMBINGAN GURU PAI TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PELAJARAN PAI KELAS XI MIPA 2 SMA MTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Ardianto Puji , Faturrahman Mukhlis , Rochmawan Alfian Eko
Published: November 2023

Teacher guidance is a process carried out by teachers to help solve problems and encourage them to reach their maximum potential. This study aims to (1) find out teacher guidance to students in PAI lessons. (2) knowing student achievement. (3) To determine whether or not there is an Effect of Teacher Guidance on student achievement in class XI MIPA 2 SMA MTA Surakarta. The study used descriptive with a Quantitative approach. Data collection techniques use questionnaires and documentation as support. Data analysis techniques use regression analysis to determine the influence of Variable (X) to Variable (Y). The method used is the Correlational research method. The results of the study resulted that there was an influence between Variable (x) and Variable (Y). Because, the results obtained from the Product Moment Test are r count of 0.564 and r table value 0.374. Criteria r calculate > r table. Thus, Ha is accepted because there is an influence between variables. Furthermore, the calculation of the coefficient is known to be the value of r square of 0.564. therefore, the effect of teacher guidance on student achievement is 35% in the Medium/Sufficient category.
Tinjauan Dramaturgi, Pengelolaan Kesan dalam Iklan Partai Politik "PAN PAN PAN"
Authors: Alhasbi Faruq , Hakim Rafi Ilham , Allya Diva , Alfauzi Ikhsannurdien
Published: November 2023

Ahead of the 2024 Election, the virality of party jingles on social media has become interesting phenomenon in Indonesian politics. It caused the Election following by new voters with high use of social media. Therefore, political parties began to compete to attract the attention of these new voters in various ways, one of which was making the party's advertising content viral so that it became known to the community. The Partai Amanat Nasional (PAN) became one of the parties that succeeded in boosting electability after the viral jingle called PAN-PAN-PAN. There are some messages and agendas carried trough the song. So, researchers employing the constructivism paradigm to see how the party built political impression through jingles. A qualitative descriptive approach used to explain phenomena based on the perspective of Dramaturgical Theory, namely how impression created on front-stage and how the efforts made by the party behind the viral of PAN-PAN-PAN. As the result, the front stage especially tries to create an impression of being close to the millennial generation to get attention as new voters. Meanwhile, the jingle give the impression of being close to the community. That impressions supported by efforts to invite millennial public figures to join the party. The backstage also formed by the cadres' efforts to actualize the tagline, Bantu Rakyat.
A Short Review of Li-ion Battery Materials: Recent Advancements and Research Gaps
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, IIT Madras, Chennai-600036, Jana Sourav Kanti
Published: November 2023

This review explores the current state of research on lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery materials, with a focus on key findings and research gaps. Li-ion batteries have revolutionized the portable electronics and electric vehicle industries, but their performance and safety still face challenges. This review discusses the major components of Li-ion batteries, including cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator materials, and evaluates recent developments and limitations in each category. It also discusses the prospects and emerging trends in Li-ion battery material research. The review aims to provide insights into the state of the art, highlight areas where further research is needed, and contribute to the ongoing efforts to advance Li-ion battery technology.
The potential of natural antibiotics as a novel antimicrobial strategy: A review of mechanisms and applications
Authors: She Ao
Published: November 2023

Since the discovery of antibiotics, antibiotics have been developed and used in large quantities, and the misuse of antibiotics has caused the problem of bacterial resistance to become more and more prominent, with an increasing number of drug-resistant bacterial species, a weakening of the unit effect of antibiotics, and a constant increase in the dose of antibiotics, which has greatly endangered human health and production and life. Most of the natural antibiotics come from natural components of plants and animals, which have been vigorously developed and applied in recent years due to their various antibacterial mechanisms, good antibacterial effect, not easy to produce drug resistance, and little harm to human body. In this paper, it will summarize some of the antibacterial mechanisms of natural antibiotics, such as antimicrobial peptides, alkaloids and flavonoids, and the mechanism of the above natural antibiotics to reduce drug resistance. Additionally, based on the research on the application of natural antibiotics in recent years, it will put forward new ideas on the intervention of natural antibiotics in the treatment of common infections.
Exploring the pathogenesis of cancer pain from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Lin Yishu
Published: November 2023

The management of cancer pain is crucial during cancer treatment, as many patients endure both physiological and psychological suffering. Cancer pain research has primarily focused on the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment principles, but significant breakthroughs remain elusive. Cancer pain is a prominent issue in clinical practice, and effective pain control is essential for improving the quality of life for cancer patients. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) approaches cancer pain by emphasizing its holistic view and individualized treatment, with a particular focus on the relationship between the tumor and pain. This article explores the epidemiology, etiology, and TCM understanding of cancer pain, aiming to provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of cancer pain and its clinical treatment.
Analysis of the symptoms and causes of the postpartum depression
Authors: Liu Anqi
Published: November 2023

Women still face many different kinds of discrimination in today's culture, despite the fact that there has been significant progress made toward achieving gender equality. Women, in comparison to their male counterparts, are subjected to increased societal demands, with the pressures encountered by mothers being particularly obvious. These pressures can be broken down into three categories: economic, political, and cultural. As a result of the prevalence of societal expectations, which commonly acts as a trigger for the development of postpartum depression, many women experience both physical and psychological changes during the course of their pregnancies and during the postpartum period. It has been noticed that some women suffer from postpartum depression. In light of the frequency with which this phenomenon occurs, the purpose of this study will be to conduct research in the form of a literature review in order to investigate and acquire a full understanding of the various elements that may lead to the development of postpartum depression.
Research on the causes, impacts and measures of water safety - Taking Kakuma refugee camp as an example
Authors: Xu Qianhui
Published: November 2023

Water insecurity remains a pervasive global challenge, particularly pronounced in low-income countries where access to clean and sufficient water is severely constrained. This issue is acutely exemplified in the Kakuma camp, the second largest refugee camp in Kenya, where a confluence of environmental and man-made factors has engendered a serious water security issue. Drawing from a thorough review of existing literature, this research offers a comprehensive analysis of the prevailing water insecurity situation within the Kakuma refugee camp, shedding light on the complex interplay of factors contributing to the crisis, including a sharp increase in the number of refugees, excessive fluoride concentration, and water scarcity. Besides, it delves into two health effects of water insecurity- cholera and skeletal fluorosis, on refugees in the Kakuma refugee camp, and in order to control and reduce the health effects, oral cholera vaccine and reverse osmosis are suggested to be applied in the Kakuma refugee camp.
A Hib vaccine battle with Haemophilus influenzae
Authors: Wang Xuanyi , Zhang Kaifu
Published: November 2023

With nearly 386,000 deaths caused by Haemophilus influenzae reported by WHO, Haemophilus influenzae is one of the worst killers of children under the age of five. Nowadays, there are places still prone to invasive Hib infections, and numerous areas are still susceptible to Hib-related illnesses. Haemophilus influenza is a bacterium plaguing many families, particularly those with young children. However, antibiotic resistance is increasing. The Hib vaccine may be another solution. The prevalence of Hib infection has dropped significantly after the launch of Hib immunization. The Hib combination vaccination, however, does not protect against all bacterial types. Consequently, certain people may benefit from receiving medical therapy. However, at present, peoples understanding of Hib vaccine in many areas is still limited. This study present a thorough and critical evaluation of the most recent understanding of H.influenzae and the medication: Hib vaccine. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of current research on Haemophilus influenzae and also covers how the vaccine works and its advantages and disadvantages.
The neuropsychological mechanism in loci memory using 7T fMRI
Authors: Chen Xinyu
Published: November 2023

Memory has been a preoccupation of human civilization for centuries, and people have been searching for ways to increase its capacity and special memorisation methods tend to get more attention. Though efficient memory methods have always been a goal pursued by humans, the physiological nature still demands proper explanation. In this paper, a memory method called loci memorize is explored in the hope of obtaining a comparison of the level of activity in a particular region. This work utilized a 7T fMRI with a high resolution to unlock the neurological activity during quick memory of unordered numbers in eleven right-handed memory athletes. By designing a specific numerical memory task and initiating the task in two different groups of people, the coordinates of activated brain regions were located by analysing the degree of activity, with reference to the corresponding recall data. Results showed that brain activations associated with the loci memory were found in the middle cingulate, left precuneus, left supramarginal gyrus, left insula, left inferior frontal gyrus, left middle occipital, and right superior parietal lobule. These brain regions were more active in the group using loci memorise compared to that not using loci memorise under the same memory task. The preference for loci memory provides a possibility for the memory improvement. The work can be a reference of studying the memory mechanism in the neuropsychological science.
Role of oral microbiota in Alzheimers disease: A systematic review of clinical studies
Authors: Piao Qiujun
Published: November 2023

Alzheimers disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the world, causing dementia among the elderly. Oral microbiome may be associated with AD. This systematic review summarizes the current role of the oral microbiome in the etiology and diagnosis of AD. Articles included were sourced primarily from electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from January 2011 to August 2022 and in OpenGrey and Google Scholar for grey literature. Relevant studies were selected using a two-stage approach involving the screening of titles and abstracts and full-text evaluation by two authors. Risk of bias was also performed using the Newcastle Ottawa scale (NOS) before qualitative synthesis. 18 studies out of 1079 citations were included in this review. The median NOS rating (IQR) of the reviewed studies was 8 (7.25 9). Most studies suggested that there was an association between oral microbiome and AD. Some claimed that oral microbiome might be the risk factor of AD using disparate approaches. Others also detected antibodies to oral microorganisms among AD patients and observed a significantly different alpha diversity among patients with AD than controls. Although limited by the number of studies, this review found that a change in the oral microbiome may be indicative of AD severity. Oral microbiome may be associated with Alzheimers disease. Some microbial species may be risk factors or aid diagnosis for AD, however more research is still needed to establish their role in AD etiology and noninvasive diagnosis.
A Review of animal models of the circadian cycle
Authors: Cao Tengyue
Published: November 2023

As society continually develops, humans become increasingly active during the night, which causes a change in their lifestyle and circadian rhythms, leading to more frequent occurrences of diseases such as insomnia, high blood pressure, and depression. By using animal models for circadian disruption, people can have a better understanding of the mechanisms of circadian rhythms as well as their function. Animal models can make it realizable and controllable to find the function of center genes and how regulating circadian rhythms affects human life. This review uses the method of literature review to study the concept of circadian rhythms and introduce three animal models. This review will also sum up the features of three animal models as well as their advantages and disadvantages of them. And then evaluates their help in the study of circadian rhythms and their significance to human circadian rhythms. The paper concludes that mice have the characteristic of rapid propagation, hamsters have the characteristic of easy circadian cycle changes and drosophila have the characteristic of simple genetic manipulation.
Progress and development of CRISPR-Cas tool in the treatment of thalassemia
Authors: Lu Fiona Jun , Xu Zuzhe , Feng Wei
Published: November 2023

-thalassemia is the worlds major hemoglobin disorders. It is a hereditary chronic hemolytic anemia caused by a break in the -globin peptide chain genes of hemoglobin, resulting in reduced or complete absence of synthesis of the -globin peptide chains. Patients with -thalassemia rely on blood transfusions for survival, which exacerbates the disease burden on national economies and the financial burden on patients in developing countries. Repeated blood transfusions can also lead to organ damage. The fetuss protein genes are usually silenced early and then replaced by adult protein genes. But mutations that cause gammaglobin to persist in the fetus can improve the electrocution of globin. Therefore, reactivating the protein genes of the fetus is the core of research. CRISPR/Cas9 is the common way to reduce the effects of disease by correcting disease-causing mutations, increasing or disrupting protein expression. CRISPR/Cas9 and considered effective new methods for generating hemoglobin. Hence, the main focus of this review is to explore the details of CRISPR/Cas9 in-thalassemia treatment in the context of Mediterranean -thalassemia.
Inverse association between cancer and Alzheimers disease analysis
Authors: Qian Emily
Published: November 2023

Alzheimers disease (AD) and cancer are the disease are seemed to be not correlated since the prior one is caused by cell degeneration and the latter one is caused by over-proliferation. However, recent research indicates that there is an inverse correlation between incident rate of infecting one disease when being diagnosed with the other. This paper evaluates the method and discoveries of the existing studies and reviews the association between Alzheimers disease and cancer through analyzing the existing findings. As result, current researchers are focusing on the underlying reasons of the inverse relationship between the two diseases through either examining the opposite end of biological mechanisms of the two diseases, or using statistical data to find potential correlations between several risk factors and their correlation to both diseases. Although all reach the conclusion that the inverse relationship of incidence rate does exist, there is still a lack of confirmation to the existing study on which mechanism or factor is the major cause of this inverse relationship. Further research is required to expand on the existing studies by either confirming the effects of opposite ends of biological mechanism existing in both disease, or gathering more statistical data to exclude possibility of biases and deviations to provide possible explanations for the inverse relationship.
Language comprehension and cognitive orientation switching in Brocas syndrome and Parkinsons disease
Authors: Zhang Yue
Published: November 2023

This paper reviews researches on sentence comprehension deficits and the cognitive orientation switching abilities in two neurological disorders Brocas aphasia and Parkinsons disease (PD). Both patient groups exhibit challenges in sentence comprehension. Individuals with Brocas aphasia show reduced lexical activation and struggle with processing syntactic information when comprehending sentences. While they may retain some comprehension abilities, complex grammatical processing is significantly hindered. In PD, sentence comprehension deficits arise from disruptions in attention, executive control, and action-language networks in the brain which are critical for integrating linguistic information. Regarding cognitive orientation switching, patients with both Brocas aphasia and PD demonstrate impairments, likely due to dysfunction in frontal brain regions that enable flexibility in thinking. Broca's patients struggle with changing response strategies, while PD patients have difficulty learning new classification rules and are challenged by distractions. There is evidence that reduced cognitive switching abilities can interfere with effective syntactic processing during sentence comprehension. The review highlights neurological underpinnings and manifestations of comprehension and cognitive flexibility deficits in these two disorders. Further research can provide greater insight into the nuanced interactions between language and domain-general cognition.
A review of the effect of alcohol hangover on attention and memory
Authors: Ma Jing
Published: November 2023

Alcohol hangover (AH) refers to adverse mental and physical symptoms after a heavy consumption of alcoholic drinks, which had a significant effect on socioeconomic development and drew a huge amount of interest among psychologists in recent years. Studies found that AH mainly affected peoples cognitive performances, especially memory and attention functioning, while the findings in this field were controversial. This paper aimed to review the articles and examine the effects of AH on attention and memory by focusing on their cognitive subdomains and different study designs to find explanations for their inconsistent results. The review article showed that among attention functioning, psychologists found consistent damaging effects of AH on selective attention and sustained attention behaviors whereas the effects of divided attention performance were inconsistent. Moreover, insufficient attentional resources were regarded as the mechanism of divided attention deficit during the AH state. Among studies of memory functioning, the encoding phase was believed to be a significant factor for impaired retrospective memory performance during the AH state compared with the retrieval phase, while the effect of the memory retrieval process was not clearly tested during AH. In addition, the AH state also negatively affected the prospective memory ability to implement behaviors at a specific future time or place. The distinct study methodologies (laboratory vs. naturalistic studies; within-subject vs. between-subject design; student vs. non-student sample) were suggested to be the contributors to these conflicting results.
Generation of complex structured laser beams based on the coherent superposition of Hermite-Gaussian eigenmodes
Authors: Zhou Jin
Published: November 2023

Structured beams have been extensively studied in the last ten to twenty years. Due to its excellent spatial characteristics, it has been widely used in the fields of optical communication, optical tweezer and particle manipulation. This paper first analyzes and summarizes the formation mechanism of structured beams. Then, based on the eigenmode superposition theory, the numerical simulation was carried out for the first three-orders of Hermitian-Gaussian (HG) eigenmodes. At the same time, some complex structured beams were obtained through experiments. The structured beams obtained from experiments are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results, which further verifies that the eigenmode superposition method is an effective way to realize complex structured beams.
The advantages and applications of the stirling engine
Authors: Wang Haozheng
Published: November 2023

Stirling engines are a kind of heat engine that achieve their function via compressing and expanding the working fluid at temperatures that are entirely different from one another. The Stirling cycle consists of four processes, two of which are isothermal and the other two are isochoric. Stirling engines may be assembled in one of three distinct configurations: alpha, beta, or gamma. They are superior to traditional heat engines, with high efficiency, low noise, and low pollution. Stirling engines may be found in various systems that produce power and those used for mechanical propulsion, heating and cooling, and other similar applications. In today's world, programs such as this are really helpful. On the other hand, they have some drawbacks, such as a low power density, a high price tag, a sluggish beginning-of-operation and reaction time, and restricted availability. This page covers a variety of topics pertaining to Stirling engines, including their history, composition, characteristics, applications, and use, as well as some of the likely next advancements in the field.
Line following for Arduino-based vehicle
Authors: Luo Zhenyu
Published: November 2023

Since contemporary information-retrieval systems rely heavily on the content of titles and abstracts to identify relevant articles in literature searches, great care should be taken in constructing both. Though the vehicle based on bang-bang control could achieve line-following, it could not turn smoothly and there will be severe shaking when driving. Based on this, this article presents a vehicle that relies on PID control. And this article provides detailed information on making a line-following vehicle with RT control, which is based on Arduino. This vehicle could track the black line from the white environment. The process of line following was achieved mainly by the PID control. Therefore, the parameters of materials for building the vehicle, as well as the logic of PID control would be introduced in the following parts of the article. After adjusting Kp, Ki, and Kd several times, the vehicle could achieve the basic function of line-following. This paper will introduce the process of the whole experiment and analyze the results.
Research on the sumsets of different types of group
Authors: Yu Hang
Published: November 2023

In this article, author introduce the theories about the sums of sets. First the definitionX Y = { x_i y_j | x_i X,y_jY }, that X, Y is a subset of group G. the first relative theorem is prove by CauchyDavenport. The beginning is the Knesers theory, and then, in the second part, this paper introduces several types of sumsets, though most of them is based on abelian group (commutative group or additive group) and if not, the author gives out the definition. And the popular topic about this is the sum-free sets, but this paper will only introduce a few. Readers who want detailed prove need to look for proves on the reference articles and the theory author talked is a small part of them (important or interesting ones). In some of references, the + can be change to other operation which satisfy the group, so this paper changes them into .
A brief review: The application of mathematical modeling in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Tang Xiwen
Published: November 2023

In immunotherapy, scientists use drugs to enhance the host's own immune system and attenuate the suppression of the immune response by tumor cells. In this field, the research method of mathematical modeling can provide a way to quantitatively analyze and predict the effects of treatments for scientists. Starting with the model of tumor-immune interaction, this paper will then comprehensively review the application of mathematical models in predicting the effect of immunotherapy, analyze the optimal situation, and discuss feasible future research directions. Currently, mathematical models have been effective in classification and prediction. Scientists build the model to simulate the situation of humans biological systems and then validate it with real data, which makes it possible to predict the effect of various kinds of treatments. In the future, with the help of big data, models may play a role in the development of personalized treatment.
Solution of AGN accretion disk structure across a wide range of parameter space
Authors: Jeff Ho, Shing Chak
Published: November 2023

Through the study of astrophysical accretion disks, considering the central role of angular momentum transport and energy conservation in determining the structure and evolution of accretion flow, we have constructed a comprehensive set of descriptions for the structure of accretion disks around supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The equation sets take into account various possible situations (gas pressure dominance, radiation pressure dominance, different heat production mechanisms, especially considering the latest research results on the turbulent heat production mechanism caused by gravity instability, etc.). By solving this system of equations, we give a general solution that covers multiple regions of a black hole's accretion disk. This will become an important tool for the community to effectively study other physical processes in the disk (such as the birth and evolution of stars, the diffusion of heavy elements, and the dynamical interactions of compact objects embedded in the disk).
Research on the application of heat engine efficiency in reducing energy consumption
Authors: Ni Jinkun
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the problem of global warming and environmental pollution has become increasingly serious, so improving the efficiency of heat engines is of great significance to reduce energy consumption. This paper uses the method of literature review to study the current situation and prospects of heat engine efficiency in reducing energy consumption in three aspects. Firstly, the heat engine and its efficiency are summarized from the theoretical derivation. Secondly, the working principles of the Carnot heat engine and the Stirling heat engine are explained in detail through formula derivation and comparative analysis. Finally, taking the air-source heat pump as an example, we explain the basic principle, operation mechanism, and technical ways to improve efficiency in detail.