bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrategias de implementación de sistemas de gestión del riesgo para las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud (IPS) en Colombia
Authors: Arrieta Leottau Mara Claudia , Cabra Guzmán Juan David , Martínez Sterling Diana Marcela
Published: November 2021

La gestión del riesgo es un sistema organizado que permite prepararse para cualquier situación que eventualmente pueda afectar el funcionamiento organizacional. En Colombia, las Instituciones Prestadoras de Salud (IPS) en su mayoría se han limitado a la gestión de la seguridad del paciente, dejando a un lado, otros riesgos igualmente importantes, predisponiéndoles a detrimento patrimonial o reputacional. De otros sectores, es posible rescatar claves o estrategias para ser aplicadas en el sector salud. Este documento identifica estrategias de implementación de sistemas de gestión del riesgo para las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud en Colombia, a partir de una revisión exhaustiva y crítica de literatura con enfoque descriptivo. Se tuvieron en cuenta documentos a nivel nacional e internacional de carácter científico, técnico, y normativo relacionados con la gestión del riesgo en diferentes sectores. La implementación de un sistema de gestión de riesgo, otorga a las IPS herramientas para competir apropiadamente en el mercado de la salud, participar en cualquier RIAS, ya sea como prestador primario o complementario, adaptarse a los nuevos modelos de contratación y garantizar los ingresos operacionales. Por esta razón, se hace necesario que las IPS consideren la gestión de riesgos como el riesgo reputacional, el riesgo de gobierno corporativo, los riesgos de mercado, el riesgo del modelo de negocio, el riesgo de crédito, el operacional, los riesgos comerciales, el riesgo informático, el de corrupción y por supuesto el riesgo financiero. Por lo anterior, la implementación efectiva de la gestión del riesgo en salud, pero sin detrimento de la gestión de la enfermedad, es una necesidad manifiesta.
Educación Media Superior en el México actual
Authors: Linares Araujo Bryan Eduardo
Published: November 2021

En la composición de éste trabajo, se abordan los temas concernientes a la educación media superior, sus problemas de carácter tanto internos como externos, la estrecha conexión que tiene con la sociedad así como el problema de la relación sociedad - educación.A lo largo de la historia de la educación media superior en México, específicamente en el siglo XV, con la fundación del colegio de Santa Cruz en 1537 y hasta nuestros días, se han dado demasiados cambios en la forma de transmitir los conocimientos. Estos cambios implican estrictamente las épocas por las que ha pasado el hombre de manera personal y social. Se tiene tradicionalmente a la educación como una forma de transmitir conocimientos a partir de un sistema educativo. Este sistema educativo involucra a muchos elementos importantes como lo son las instituciones escolares, los docentes, los alumnos, pero lo más importante son los contenidos establecidos y escritos dispuestos a ser impartidos.Los ‘contenidos’ se imparten por medio de una institución escolar de una manera establecida, es decir, se presenta una metodología conocida como programa de estudios. Es allí donde se encuentran los objetivos generales y particulares de un curso, así como los temas por analizar y reflexionar. Los programas de estudio destinados a ser impartidos por un profesor hacia los alumnos, se encuentran autorizados por un currículum formal, es decir, por un plan de estudios, el cual debe tener lineamientos, componentes académicos y componentes administrativos que son propuestos mediante una planificación constante y obligatoria. Por este motivo, el currículum formal transmite los conocimientos de manera explícita e intencional, con el fin de desarrollar al hombre. Pero existe un problema, pues sólo se habla de lo establecido por ciertas normatividades institucionales dependiendo del nivel educativo, que en este caso es el nivel medio superior. Pero ¿qué pasa con aquello que no se imparte de manera explícita, es decir, con los aprendizajes adquiridos que no están establecidos por un programa?
Paradigma constructivista en la Educación
Authors: Patiño Aguilar Jennifer
Published: November 2021

En este explicamos, a grandes rasgos, lo que es el Paradigma Constructivista, comenzamos por revisar los antecedentes y bases del mismo que están fundamentados en los estudios e investigaciones de Piaget, continuamos con las problemáticas y posturas del constructivismo, lo que da pie para el siguiente subtema que se refiere a los distintos tipos de constructivismo de los que contamos cuatro; Piagetiano, Humano, Social y Radical,  cerramos con la forma en que el constructivismo aborda los componentes de la educación que son el alumno, maestro y la evaluación.
primera concepción del lenguaje en Wittgenstein
Authors: Guerrero García Eduardo
Published: November 2021

La filosofía del lenguaje de Wittgenstein está influida por las aportaciones tanto de Frege como de Bertrand Russell. Si bien, en su obra el Tracttaus puso su propio estilo. Para incluso llegar a decir que sus aportaciones eran el punto clave para que las teorías tanto de Russell como de Frege terminaran con algunos inconvenientes que surgían en sus teorías. Como ejemplo baste las tablas de Verdad de función que introduce Wittgenstein. Sin embargo, es importante que se tengan en cuenta que tomó de estos filósofos, y la manera en que fue modificando sus ideas, para entender la obra del Wittgenstein del Tractatus.
MAKING SOAP FROM WASTE COOKING OIL AS A CREATIVE PRODUCT AND BEHAVIORAL CHANGE IN HOUSING AREA
Authors: MEDHIATIKA Ni Luh Made Vinaya
Published: November 2021

Large consumption of cooking oil may cause water pollution, especially in the housing area. These community developments aim to change the behavior of households to recreate waste cooking oil to become a multipurpose natural soap. A housewife or a working mom can be an entrepreneur for this creative product. Specifically, it is called an ecopreneur because of the green product. Soap can promote and sell through social media such as Instagram. Online workshops, observation, and interviews were used as a method to run this project. The result can be found that someone who cares about the environment will take a little step to make a big change. She also encourages her neighborhoods and also food stalls not just to throw away the cooking oil waste but make it more useful. She used this soap, not only for individual use, give it to those who want it, and also for souvenirs. Instagram with hashtags figure does works for promotion specially to create positive electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM). Instagram also can make it possible to reach green consumers, not only for selling purposes but to build awareness, creativity, and relationship with other green consumers together to save the environment and make a sustainable living.
DESIGN WEBSITE AND MOBILE APP WITH E-COMMERCE AND DIGITAL MARKETING OF MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMEs) HYDROPONICS IN BANDUNG CITY
Authors: HERMANUS Davy Ronald , DAVINCY Yovanka , GHILCHRIST Bryan , SUDRAJATA Jajat
Published: November 2021

Currently, most of the small business in Indonesia are in struggle because of Covid 19 Pandemic so the government encourage any activity to help Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in any provinces. Beside it, certain hydroponic communities surrounding city of Bandung were formed in purpose to enlarge the activities of the planting and harvesting of hydroponic media. Some prefer to think it as a hobby by planting them in the front or back of their home but other members want to develop a small hydroponic industry such as MSMEs. One that is being developed is the MSME group located in Cileles Village, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency, West Java. Although Sae Garden Farm hydroponic business has reached the stage of producing tens of thousands of vegetable plants per month, they cannot regularly supply them successfully to their customers. In fact, they need an online site that can promote and sell their products. In addition, this business requires better management of information systems known as a digital marketing. Our plan is to assist Sae Garden Farm SMEs to create a website, a mobile application and continue it with digital marketing. Our first stage will be to build a website followed by building an Android-based application (Mobile App) and it will be combined with strong Digital Marketing which can later be continuously developed by Sae Garden Farm SMEs. We hope that in the future various Hydroponic communities throughout Greater Bandung can work together so that through this community development activity, many people will benefit in the middle of the Pandemic of Covid-19.
MEDIA LITERACY AMONG ADOLESCENTS : PREVENTIVE TO THE IMPACT OF PORNOGRAPHY ON YOUTUBE SOCIAL MEDIA IN SOUTH TANGERANG
Authors: KHOLISOH Nur , MAHMUDAH Siti Muslichatul , SAIFUDIN Mohamad
Published: November 2021

The social problem that is rife today is related to the impact of pornography on social media among children and adolescents. Pornography has a very big danger, especially teenagers. Adolescent psychology is still unstable and the growth of sexual hormones in adolescents, making pornography has a danger (negative impact) is very large on adolescents. Not only drugs that contain addictions, pornography also makes viewers addicted / addicted. For teens, addicted to porn sites (cybersex) will make learning rhythm become chaotic. In general, addiction to porn sites will have a negative impact on one's character. Based on research by Bingham and Piotrowski in the Psychological Report entitled On-line Sexual Addiction, the character of people who are addicted to cybersex are: Inadequate social skills, preferring to wrestle with sexual fantasy, engrossed in communication with the characters created by him. own imagination, and unable to control themselves not to access porn sites and forget time. The results of a Child Protection Commission (KPA) survey of 4,500 teenagers revealed, 97 percent of teens had watched or accessed pornography and 93 percent kissed their lips. Like chemical addiction, pornography addicts tend to replace something important with sex or other forms of pornography. People who are addicted to pornography usually use media such as magazines, porn videos or most often is the internet. Adolescents who generally still live with parents, therefore the role of supervision from parents is needed to provide an understanding of the use of social media wisely and directed to use social media positively. Parents can only provide gadgets as an easy access for their children to explore YouTube social media, but basically they also lack understanding about the media so there is still a lack of awareness for parents to control the content that their children see and consume on social media YouTube. Therefore, the need for media literacy training among adolescents is a form of prevention of the impact of pornography on YouTube social media in Kembangan Utara.
COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT AT NANGGERANG VILLAGE IN REDUCING POTENTIAL FLOOD THROUGH BIOPORE INFILTRATION HOLE (LRB) TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: MULYAWATI Ira
Published: November 2021

Nanggerang Village is one of the seventh villages in the Tajurhalang District, Bogor Regency, Java Province, which often experiences flooding. The decrease in infiltration land due to changes in land use and poor waste management patterns in the area causes flooding to become increasingly threatening. Therefore, there needs to be community empowerment at Nanggerang Village in reducing potential floods through biopore infiltration hole training and development. The first step in this community empowerment activity is to instill an understanding of waste management that corresponds to its type; the following action is by conducting training in making biopore absorption holes as a preventive measure in preventing flooding. The activity was carried out on April 15, 2021, involving ten representatives from each RW in Nanggerang Village. The result of community service is the installation of 10 biopore. Based on the post-test results, the post-test shows that after the extension and training activities, the occurrence of increased public knowledge on waste management and practical theories about biopore infiltration holes, as well as the ability of the community in making biopore infiltration holes.
EMPOWERING CIBOGO VILLAGERS, KABUPATEN TANGERANG, THROUGH EDUCATIONAL AND ENVIRONTMENTAL PROGRAM
Authors: WINDARTO Windarto , MARTINI Martini
Published: November 2021

Community service is one of the higher education three pillars and aimed to increase social sensitivity to community problems so as to be able to contribute positively to regional development. Based on the results of initial observation in Cibogo Village, there are several problems that exist in the area, among others, are the lack of people in maintaining the cleanliness of their environment due to the lack of trashes can facilities around the environment and the lack of environmental education to the society. Human quality becomes a major issue and has an important role in the efforts of saving their own environment due to the human activities that do not consider continuity and environmental sustainability. It is impacting to degradation the environment quality which can affect too in many aspects. So it was decided to run some programs to improve facilities and infrastructure by providing some solutions to help the villagers solve their own environmental problems. One of which is environmental education program to foster the society to have a rational awareness and good behavior that is responsible to keep the environment clean and save. By the end, this community service activities is proposed to find out how to increase the awareness of the Cibogo villagers in maintaining a clean environment. It was found that the program to improve facilities and infrastructures that have been carried out has received a good response from the community, because it is very helpful to maintain their environmental cleanliness. Otherwise the education, skills, and creativity program were also received a good response from the children who have participated in the program.
Translating Migrations, (Re)Presenting Cultures in Transit: Licia Canton’s “The Motorcycle”
Authors: Marino Luisa
Published: November 2021

This essay investigates the relationship between the idea of movement and the concept of translation in Licia Canton’s short story “The Motorcycle” and in its Italian translation. The essay looks at translation both as a metaphor of negotiation and mediation that bridges two linguistic and cultural backgrounds and as a process thanks to which a text can effectively circulate in several languages and cultures. Thanks to some excerpts taken from the Italian text, the issue of the accent, that of self-translation and identity are explored through the lens of language, underlining its role in shaping and conveying images and narratives of the migrant.
George Amabile on War, Trauma, the Creative Process, and His Latest Collection Martial Music
Authors: Cusmano Liana
Published: November 2021

Liana Cusmano’s interview with poet George Amabile focuses on his prize-winning 2018 collection Martial Music and the art of writing in general. He offers insights on the poetic process, how to research and produce a collection of poems. Amabile’s poetry is inspired by what he has experienced or witnessed. He talks about dealing with war and trauma. He shares his frustration with daily life getting in the way of the creative process. “Life is the subject and the inspirational/ motivational source of our work, but it also sucks up our time and frustrates our ability to give our unstinted attention to our creative efforts,” says George Amabile.
The Effect of Genetically Modified Lactobacillus plantarum Carrying Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Gene on an Ovariectomized Rat
Authors: Jin Eun-Sun , Kim Ji Yeon , Yang Jung-Mo , Kim Jun-Sub , Min JoongKee , Jeon Sang Ryong , Choi Kyoung Hyo , Moon Gi-Seong , Jeong Je Hoon
Published: November 2021

Objective : Osteoporosis result from age-related decline in the number of osteoblast progenitors in the bone marrow. Probiotics have beneficial effects on the host, when administered in appropriate amounts. This study investigated the effects of probiotics expressing specific genes, especially the effects of genetically modified bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2-expressing Lactobacillus plantarum CJNU 3003 (LP) on ovariectomized rats.Methods : Twenty-eight female Wistar rats (250–300 g, 12 weeks old) were divided into four groups : the sham (control), the ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis group (OVX), the OVX and LP (OVX/LP), OVX and genetically modified BMP-2-expressing LP (OVX/LP with BMP) groups. The three groups underwent bilateral OVX and two of these groups were administered two different types of LP via oral gavage daily. At 16 weeks post-OVX, blood was collected from the heart and the bilateral tibiae were extracted and were scanned by ex-vivo micro-computed tomography and stained with hematoxylin-and-eosin (H&E) and Masson’s trichrome stain for pathological assessment. The serum levels of osteocalcin (OC), rat C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), BMP-2, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-ĸB ligand (RANKL) were measured.Results : The 3D-micro-computed tomography images showed that the trabecular structure in the OVX/LP with BMP group was maintained compared with OVX and OVX/LP groups. No significant differences were detected in trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) between control and OVX/LP with BMP groups (p>0.05). Furthermore, a tendency toward increased BMD, trabecular bone volume, Tb.Th, and trabecular number and decreased trabecular separation was found in rats in the OVX/LP with BMP groups when compared with the OVX and OVX/LP groups (p>0.05). The H&E and Masson’s trichrome stained sections showed a thicker trabecular bone in the OVX/LP with BMP group compared with the OVX and OVX/LP groups. There was no difference in serum levels of OC, CTX and RANKL control and OVX/LP with BMP groups (p>0.05). In contrast, significant differences were found in OC and CTX-1 levels between the OVX and OVX/LP with BMP groups (p<0.05).Conclusion : Our results showed that the expression of genetically modified BMP-2 showed inhibition effect for bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis.
Clinical Characteristics and Current Managements for Patients with Chronic Subdural Hematoma : A Retrospective Multicenter Pilot Study in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Oh Hyuk-Jin , Seo Youngbeom , Choo Yoon-Hee , Kim Young Il , Kim Kyung Hwan , Kwon Sae Min , Lee Min Ho , Chong Kyuha
Published: November 2021

Objective : Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common disease in neurosurgical departments, but optimal perioperative management guidelines have not yet been established. We aimed to assess the current clinical management and outcomes for CSDH patients and identify prognostic factors for CSDH recurrence.Methods : We enrolled a total of 293 consecutive patients with CSDH who underwent burr hole craniostomy at seven institutions in 2018. Clinical and surgery-related characteristics and surgical outcomes were analyzed. The cohort included 208 men and 85 women.Results : The median patient age was 75 years. Antithrombotic agents were prescribed to 105 patients. History of head trauma was identified in 59% of patients. Two hundred twenty-seven of 293 patients (77.5%) had unilateral hematoma and 46.1% had a homogenous hematoma type. About 70% of patients underwent surgery under general anesthesia, and 74.7% underwent a single burr hole craniostomy surgery. Recurrence requiring surgery was observed in 17 of 293 patients (5.8%), with a median of 32 days to recurrence. The postoperative complication rate was 4.1%. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with CSDH recurrence were separated hematoma type (odds ratio, 3.906; p=0.017) and patient who underwent surgery under general anesthesia had less recurrence (odds ratio, 0.277; p=0.017).Conclusion : This is the first retrospective multicenter generalized cohort pilot study in the Republic of Korea as a first step towards the development of Korean clinical practice guidelines for CSDH. The type of hematoma and anesthesia was associated with CSDH recurrence. Although the detailed surgical method differs depending on the institution, the surgical treatment of CSDH was effective. Further studies may establish appropriate management guidelines to minimize CSDH recurrence.
Structural Analysis of Some Pyrrolopyrimidine Derivatives and Examining their Binding Affinity against Cyclooxygenase-2 Enzyme
Authors: HARİSMAH Kun , MIRZAEI Mahmoud , GHAFARI Kimia
Published: November 2021

This work was performed to investigate structural features of ten models (L1-1L10) of pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives in addition to evaluating their activity against the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme target. In this regard, celecoxib (CEL) was employed as a reference model for evaluating features of the investigated models. Frontier molecular orbitals features were evaluated for the models including the highest occupied and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) in addition to evaluating chemical hardness and softness (H and S) features. Afterwards, molecular docking (MD) simulations were performed for examining the contribution of each compound against the COX-2 enzyme for formation of ligand-target complexes. The models showed that the investigated structures could work as efficient ligands for building string complexes with the COX-2 target, in which some of them with CN, F, and OMe functional groups were also more efficient than the reference CEL drug. As a consequence, details of ligand-target complex formations including types of interactions and surrounding amino acids were all recognized for the models systems.
Use of Tail Feather Traits to Determine Sex of Adult Grey-faced Buzzards (Butastur indicus)
Authors: Horita Masaki , Imamori Tatsuya , Natsukawa Haruki , Nonaka Jun
Published: November 2021

Sex identification is an important research topic in avian ecology because easy and accurate sex identification is useful for studies of evolution, behavior, and population dynamics. We used field photographs to measure the markings on the tail feathers of adult Grey-faced Buzzards (Butastur indicus) breeding in Japan to elucidate the attributes that allow individual sex determination. We labeled the dark, horizontal bands B1, B2, and B3, starting from the tip of the tail feathers and proceeding toward the base; we designated the light, horizontal band between B1 and B2 as W1, and the light, horizontal band between B2 and B3 as W2. To clarify the difference between the tail feathers of the sexes, we measured the ratio of W2 to W1 (W2/W1) of the right tail feather 3, right tail feather 4, left tail feather 3, and left tail feather 4, and calculated the average of these four values (average W2/W1). We tested these ratios using the Brunner-Munzel test to determine whether they discriminated the sexes. We found that the four individual feather ratios differed significantly between males and females. In addition, males and females could be reliably distinguished using the average W2/W1. This method can be widely used for fast, non-invasive sexing of Grey-faced Buzzards because it does not require sophisticated techniques.
AN EXAMINATION OF NURSES’ ACCEPTANCE OF MOBILE HEALTH APPLICATIONS
Authors: KÜRTÜNCÜ Meltem , KURT Aylin , ARSLAN Nurten
Published: November 2021

Purpose: We aimed to examine the relationship between nurses’ views about mobile health applications and acceptance of mobile applications.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 321 nurses in a Health Practices and Research Center over the period March-July 2020. Data were collected with the “Personal Data Form” and the “Mobile Applications Acceptance Model (MAAM).”

Results: Among the nurses in the study, 97.2% believed that mobile health applications should be put to more use in the hospitals. The total mean score of the nurses on MAAM was 124.69 ± 15.98, and the highest score (28.78 ± 3.23) among the subscales was in “Needs”. Nurses under the age of 30, those who worked in intensive care units, and those who owned a mobile device exhibited higher total mean scores on the MAAM (p < 0.05). The MAAM total mean scores were higher among those who thought MHA’s should be made more widespread (p < 0.04), who felt that MHA’s were effective in accessing individual health data (p < 0.001), who felt that using MHA’s was easy (p = 0.022), who believed that using MHA’s helped patients access health services without having to come to the hospital (p < 0.001) and who wanted to help patients obtain health services without coming to the hospital (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Opportunities should be created whereby nurses can use mobile health applications in the hospitals. If this can be achieved, there will be a faster and more improved provision of health services.
Related Factors of Sexual Abstinence Behavior of College Women: A Transtheoretical Model Based Examination
Authors: KARATANA Özlem , ERGÜN Ayşe
Published: November 2021

Objective: This research was carried out to determine the relationship between college women's transtheoretical model stages of change and their sexual health knowledge, decisional balance, and self-efficacy towards sexual abstinence behavior. Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 559 college women. Data were collected using the Socio-Demographic Form, Stages of Change for Sexual Abstinence, Sexual Health Knowledge Test, Decisional Balance Scale, and Self-Efficacy Scale. The data were analyzed using frequency (n), percentage distributions (%), chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskal-Wallis Test, and Spearman’s correlation. Results: The mean age of the sample is 19.88±1.42 (Min-Max: 17-24). It was determined that the students who had no sexual experience had higher the internal and external pros perception and self-efficacy scores and lower cons perception scores (p
Higher Sound Levels in K-12 Classrooms Correlate to Lower Math Achievement Scores
Authors: Brill Laura C. , Wang Lily M.
Published: November 2021

Sound levels from occupied classrooms have been gathered from 220 classrooms across four grade levels (3, 5, 8 and 11) over six school days each and processed with k-means clustering into speech and non-speech clusters. Three metrics describing the classroom acoustics, including the average daily A-weighted equivalent level for non-speech, the average daily difference between the A-weighted equivalent levels for speech and non-speech (a signal to noise ratio), and the mid-frequency averaged reverberation time, were analyzed against classroom-aggregated standardized reading and math achievement test scores, while controlling for classroom demographics including socioeconomic status. Interactions between the metrics and demographics were also tested. A statistically significant relationship was found between the average daily non-speech levels in classrooms and math test scores; higher daily non-speech levels were correlated with lower math test scores (p < 0.05). No statistically significant main effects of acoustic metrics were found on reading achievement. There were some significant differences and an interaction found between grades, but these may be due to uneven sample distributions as there were fewer grade 8 and 11 classrooms measured. Children learn in occupied classrooms, and the findings from this investigation based on data from occupied conditions suggest that designing for lower unoccupied sound levels can lead to occupied environments that are conducive to better student learning outcomes.
The Dynamic Regulation of mRNA Translation and Ribosome Biogenesis During Germ Cell Development and Reproductive Aging
Authors: Mercer Marianne , Jang Seoyeon , Ni Chunyang , Buszczak Michael
Published: November 2021

The regulation of mRNA translation, both globally and at the level of individual transcripts, plays a central role in the development and function of germ cells across species. Genetic studies using flies, worms, zebrafish and mice have highlighted the importance of specific RNA binding proteins in driving various aspects of germ cell formation and function. Many of these mRNA binding proteins, including Pumilio, Nanos, Vasa and Dazl have been conserved through evolution, specifically mark germ cells, and carry out similar functions across species. These proteins typically influence mRNA translation by binding to specific elements within the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of target messages. Emerging evidence indicates that the global regulation of mRNA translation also plays an important role in germ cell development. For example, ribosome biogenesis is often regulated in a stage specific manner during gametogenesis. Moreover, oocytes need to produce and store a sufficient number of ribosomes to support the development of the early embryo until the initiation of zygotic transcription. Accumulating evidence indicates that disruption of mRNA translation regulatory mechanisms likely contributes to infertility and reproductive aging in humans. These findings highlight the importance of gaining further insights into the mechanisms that control mRNA translation within germ cells. Future work in this area will likely have important impacts beyond germ cell biology.
Leptin Signaling in the Ovary of Diet-Induced Obese Mice Regulates Activation of NOD-Like Receptor Protein 3 Inflammasome
Authors: Adamowski Marek , Wołodko Karolina , Oliveira Joana , Castillo-Fernandez Juan , Murta Daniel , Kelsey Gavin , Galvão António M.
Published: November 2021

Obesity leads to ovarian dysfunction and the establishment of local leptin resistance. The aim of our study was to characterize the levels of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in ovaries and liver of mice during obesity progression. Furthermore, we tested the putative role of leptin on NLRP3 regulation in those organs. C57BL/6J female mice were treated with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for estrous cycle synchronization and ovary collection. In diet-induced obesity (DIO) protocol, mice were fed chow diet (CD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 or 16 weeks, whereas in the hyperleptinemic model (LEPT), mice were injected with leptin for 16 days (16 L) or saline (16 C). Finally, the genetic obese leptin-deficientob/ob(+/? and −/−) mice were fed CD for 4 week. Either ovaries and liver were collected, as well as cumulus cells (CCs) after superovulation from DIO and LEPT. The estrus cycle synchronization protocol showed increased protein levels of NLRP3 and interleukin (IL)-18 in diestrus, with this stage used for further sample collections. In DIO, protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components was increased in 4 week HFD, but decreased in 16 week HFD. Moreover, NLRP3 and IL-1β were upregulated in 16 L and downregulated inob/ob.Transcriptome analysis of CC showed common genes between LEPT and 4 week HFD modulating NLRP3 inflammasome. Liver analysis showed NLRP3 protein upregulation after 16 week HFD in DIO, but also its downregulation inob/ob−/−. We showed the link between leptin signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the ovary throughout obesity progression in mice, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning ovarian failure in maternal obesity.
Haemonchus contortus Transthyretin-Like Protein TTR-31 Plays Roles in Post-Embryonic Larval Development and Potentially Apoptosis of Germ Cells
Authors: Shi Hengzhi , Huang Xiaocui , Chen Xueqiu , Yang Yi , Wu Fei , Yao Chaoqun , Ma Guangxu , Du Aifang
Published: November 2021

Transthyretin (TTR)-like proteins play multi-function roles in nematode and are important component of excretory/secretory product in Haemonchus contortus. In this study, we functionally characterised a secretory transthyretin-like protein in the barber’s pole worm H. contortus. A full-length of transthyretin-like protein-coding gene (Hc-ttr-31) was identified in this parasitic nematode, representing a counterpart of Ce-ttr-31 in Caenorhabditis elegans. High transcriptional levels of Hc-ttr-31 were detected in the egg and early larval stages of H. contortus, with the lowest level measured in the adult stage, indicating a decreased transcriptional pattern of this gene during nematode development. Localisation analysis indicated a secretion of TTR-31 from the intestine to the gonad, suggesting additional roles of Hc-ttr-31 in nematode reproduction. Expression of Hc-ttr-31 and Ce-ttr-31 in C. elegans did not show marked influence on the nematode development and reproduction, whereas Hc-ttr-31 RNA interference-mediated gene knockdown of Ce-ttr-31 shortened the lifespan, decreased the brood size, slowed the pumping rate and inhibited the growth of treated worms. Particularly, gene knockdown of Hc-ttr-31 in C. elegans was linked to activated apoptosis signalling pathway, increased general reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, apoptotic germ cells and facultative vivipary phenotype, as well as suppressed germ cell removal signalling pathways. Taken together, Hc-ttr-31 appears to play roles in regulating post-embryonic larval development, and potentially in protecting gonad from oxidative stress and mediating engulfment of apoptotic germ cells. A better knowledge of these aspects should contribute to a better understanding of the developmental biology of H. contortus and a discovery of potential targets against this and related parasitic worms.
Identification of New Tumor-Related Gene Mutations in Chinese Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Feng Yuyang , Yao Surui , Pu Zhening , Cheng Han , Fei Bojian , Zou Jian , Huang Zhaohui
Published: November 2021

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. As the main GIST drivers, gain-of-function mutations inKITorPDGFRAare closely associated with not only tumor development and progression but also therapeutic response. In addition to the status of KIT and PDGFRA, little is known about other potential GIST-related genes. In this study, we identified the mutation profiles in 49 KIT-mutated GIST tumors using the whole exome sequencing (WES) method. Furthermore, some representative mutations were further validated in an independent GIST cohort using the SNaPshot SNP assay. We identified extensive and diverse mutations of KIT in GIST, including many undescribed variants. In addition, we revealed some new tumor-related gene mutations with unknown pathogenicity. By enrichment analyses of gene function and protein-protein interaction network construction, we showed that these genes were enriched in several important cancer- or metabolism-related signaling pathways, including PI3K-AKT,RTK-RAS, Notch, Wnt, Hippo, mTOR, AMPK, and insulin signaling. In particular, DNA repair-related genes, includingMLH1,MSH6,BRCA1,BRCA2, andPOLE, are frequently mutated in GISTs, suggesting that immune checkpoint blockade may have promising clinical applications for these GIST subpopulations. In conclusion, in addition to extensive and diverse mutations ofKIT, some genes related to DNA-repair and cell metabolism may play important roles in the development, progression and therapeutic response of GIST.
Mitochondrial Defects in Fibroblasts of Pathogenic MAPT Patients
Authors: Bharat Vinita , Hsieh Chung-Han , Wang Xinnan
Published: November 2021

Mutations in MAPT gene cause multiple neurological disorders, including frontal temporal lobar degeneration and parkinsonism. Increasing evidence indicates impaired mitochondrial homeostasis and mitophagy in patients and disease models of pathogenic MAPT. Here, using MAPT patients’ fibroblasts as a model, we report that disease-causing MAPT mutations compromise early events of mitophagy. By employing biochemical and mitochondrial assays we discover that upon mitochondrial depolarization, the recruitment of LRRK2 and Parkin to mitochondria and degradation of the outer mitochondrial membrane protein Miro1 are disrupted. Using high resolution electron microscopy, we reveal that the contact of mitochondrial membranes with ER and cytoskeleton tracks is dissociated following mitochondrial damage. This membrane dissociation is blocked by a pathogenic MAPT mutation. Furthermore, we provide evidence showing that tau protein, which is encoded by MAPT gene, interacts with Miro1 protein, and this interaction is abolished by pathogenic MAPT mutations. Lastly, treating fibroblasts of a MAPT patient with a small molecule promotes Miro1 degradation following depolarization. Altogether, our results show molecular defects in a peripheral tissue of patients and suggest that targeting mitochondrial quality control may have a broad application for future therapeutic intervention.
Pyrochlore Compounds From Atomistic Simulations
Authors: Connor Timothy , Cheong Oskar , Bornhake Thomas , Shad Alison C. , Tesch Rebekka , Sun Mengli , He Zhengda , Bukayemsky Andrey , Vinograd Victor L. , Finkeldei Sarah C. , Kowalski Piotr M.
Published: November 2021

Pyrochlore compounds (A2B2O7) have a large applicability in various branches of science and technology. These materials are considered for use as effective ionic conductors for solid state batteries or as matrices for immobilization of actinide elements, amongst many other applications. In this contribution we discuss the simulation-based effort made in the Institute of Energy and Climate Research at Forschungszentrum Jülich and partner institutions regarding reliable computation of properties of pyrochlore and defect fluorite compounds. In the scope of this contribution, we focus on the investigation of dopant incorporation, defect formation and anion migration, as well as understanding of order-disorder transitions in these compounds. We present new, accurate simulated data on incorporation of U, Np, Pu, Am and Cm actinide elements into pyrochlores, activation energies for oxygen migration and radiation damage-induced structural changes in these materials. All the discussed simulation results are combined with available experimental data to provide a reliable description of properties of investigated materials. We demonstrate that a synergy of computed and experimental data leads to a superior characterization of pyrochlores, which could not be easily achieved by either of these methods when applied separately.
Quinazoline Derivatives as Potential Therapeutic Agents in Urinary Bladder Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wdowiak Paulina , Matysiak Joanna , Kuszta Piotr , Czarnek Katarzyna , Niezabitowska Ewa , Baj Tomasz
Published: November 2021

Cancer diseases remain major health problems in the world despite significant developments in diagnostic methods and medications. Many of the conventional therapies, however, have limitations due to multidrug resistance or severe side effects. Bladder cancer is a complex disorder, and can be classified according to its diverse genetic backgrounds and clinical features. A very promising direction in bladder cancer treatment is targeted therapy directed at specific molecular pathways. Derivatives of quinazolines constitute a large group of chemicals with a wide range of biological properties, and many quinazoline derivatives are approved for antitumor clinical use, e.g.,: erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, lapatinib, and vandetanib. The character of these depends mostly on the properties of the substituents and their presence and position on one of the cyclic compounds. Today, new quinazoline-based compounds are being designed and synthesized as potential drugs of anticancer potency against bladder cancers.
Analysis of Selected Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and the Most Frequent Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Topf Albert , Mirna Moritz , Bacher Nina , Paar Vera , Motloch Lukas J. , Ohnewein Bernhard , Larbig Robert , Grueninger Janine , Hoppe Uta C. , Lichtenauer Michael , Pistulli Rudin
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Among the causes of de novo diagnosed cardiomyopathy, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) plays a minor role, with an occurrence of 50,000–100,000 cases per annum in the United States. In clinical practice, a differentiation of a TTC toward an ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) or a dilatative cardiomyopathy (DCMP) appears to be challenging, especially in a subacute setting or in atypical types of TTC.

Methods: To investigate this issue, we analyzed serum levels of sST2, GDF-15, suPAR, HFABP, and clinical parameters including echocardiography in 51 patients with TTC, 52 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) and 65 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP).

Results: sST-2 seemed to be the most promising biomarker for prediction of a TTC in differential diagnosis to an ICMP (AUC: 0.879, p = < 0.001, Cut off values: 12,140.5 pg/ml) or to a DCMP (AUC: 0.881, p = < 0.001, cut off value: 14521.9 pg/ml). GDF-15 evidenced a slightly lower AUC for prediction of a TTC in differential diagnosis to an ICMP (AUC: 0.626, p = 0.028) and to a DCMP (AUC: 0.653, p = 0.007). A differential diagnostic value was found for H-FABP in the prediction of a DCMP compared to TTC patients (AUC: 0.686, p = < 0.001). In propensity score matching for left ventricular ejection fraction, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors, differences in the plasma levels of sST2 and H-FABP in the matched cohort of TTC vs. DCMP remained statistically significant. In the matched cohort of TTC vs. ICMP, differences in sST2 also remained statistically significant

Conclusion: As medical therapy, long term prognosis, interval of follow-ups, rehabilitation program and recommendations differ completely between TTC and ICMP/DCMP, biomarkers for differential diagnosis, or rather for confirmation of diagnosis, are warranted in cases of cardiomyopathies with unsure origin. sST-2, GDF-15 and H-FABP might facilitate the classification.
Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Coronary Collateral Circulation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pei Junyu , Wang Xiaopu , Xing Zhenhua
Published: November 2021

Objective: Patients with well-developed coronary collateral circulation (CC) usually have low mortality, improved cardiac function, and reduced infarct size. Currently, there is conflicting evidence on the association between traditional cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, and smoking habit) and CC.

Design: We performed a meta-analysis of case-control studies to better understand such associations.

Data Sources: We searched the MEDINE, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index databases to identify relevant studies.

Eligibility Criteria for Selecting Studies: Case control studies reporting data on risk factors (smoking habit, hypertension, and diabetes mellites) in comparing cases between poor CC and well-developed CC groups. Well-developed CC was the primary outcome of this meta-analysis

Data Extraction and Synthesis: Relevant data were extracted by two independent investigators. We derived pooled odds ratios (ORs) with random effects models. We performed quality assessments, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis to ensure the reliability of our results.

Results: In total, 18 studies that had 4,746 enrolled patients were analyzed. Our results showed that hypertension and smoking habit did not (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.75–1.17, p = 0.564 and OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.84–1.18, p = 0.970, respectively), and diabetes did (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.38–0.67, p = 0.00001) affect the development of CC.

Conclusion: Unlike hypertension and smoking habit, diabetes was associated with poor CC formation.

Trial Registration Number:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=87821, identifier: CRD42018087821.
Serum Uric Acid and Cardiovascular or All-Cause Mortality in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Zhi-qiang , Huang Zhi-wen , Kang Shu-ling , Hu Chan-chan , Chen Fa , He Fei , Lin Zheng , Yang Feng , Hu Zhi-jian
Published: November 2021

Background: Studies have shown inconsistent associations between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. We conducted this meta-analysis to determine whether SUA levels were associated with cardiovascular or all-cause mortality in PD patients.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Database, and trial registry databases were systematically searched up to April 11, 2021. Cohort studies of SUA levels and cardiovascular or all-cause mortality in PD patients were obtained. Random effect models were used to calculate the pooled adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the pooled results. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plots, Begg's tests, and Egger's tests were conducted to evaluate potential publication bias. The GRADE approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021268739.

Results: Seven studies covering 18,113 PD patients were included. Compared with the middle SUA levels, high SUA levels increased the risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.74, 95%CI: 1.26–2.40, I2 = 34.8%, τ2 = 0.03), low SUA levels were not statistically significant with the risk of all-cause or cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.04, 95%CI: 0.84–1.29, I2 = 43.8%, τ2 = 0.03; HR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.65–1.23, I2 = 36.3%, τ2 = 0.04; respectively). Compared with the low SUA levels, high SUA levels were not statistically associated with an increased risk of all-cause or cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.19, 95%CI: 0.59–2.40, I2 = 88.2%, τ2 = 0.44; HR = 1.22, 95%CI: 0.39–3.85, I2 = 89.3%, τ2 = 0.92; respectively).

Conclusion: Compared with middle SUA levels, high SUA levels are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in PD patients. SUA levels may not be associated with cardiovascular mortality. More high-level studies, especially randomized controlled trials, are needed to determine the association between SUA levels and cardiovascular or all-cause mortality in PD patients.

Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021268739, identifier: CRD42021268739.
Research Progress of Electrical Stimulation in Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Zhao Ying , Wang Pengyu , Chen Zhe , Li Manman , Zhang Dengfeng , Yang Liming , Li Hong
Published: November 2021

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a considerable health burden worldwide with high mortality and morbidity. Treatments for IHD are mainly focused on decreasing oxygen demand or increasing myocardial oxygen supply, including pharmacological, interventional, and surgical treatment, but there are also some limitations. Therefore, it is important to find a simple, effective, and economical treatment. As non-invasive and safe physiotherapy, electrical stimulation (ES) has a promising application in the treatment of IHD. Current studies suggest that ES can affect the occurrence and development of IHD by promoting angiogenesis, regulating autophagy and apoptosis, inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. In this review, we focus predominantly on the mechanism of ES and the current progress of ES therapy in IHD, furthermore, give a brief introduction to the forms of ES in clinical application.