bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cryopreservation versus fresh frozen meniscal allograft: A biomechanical comparative analysis
Authors: Ahmad Shukur , Singh Vivek Ajit , Hussein Shamsul Iskandar
Published: August 2017

Meniscal allograft transplantation may be a better alternative for the treatment of irreparable meniscal injury compared to other forms of treatment. However, it remains to be seen whether the use fresh frozen allograft is better than cryopreserved allograft in treating this type of injury. We hypothesized that cryopreserved meniscal allograft would work better in maintaining the original biomechanical properties compared to fresh frozen ones, due to the lower amount of damage it incurs during the storage process. We examined young and healthy human menisci obtained from orthopedic oncology patients who underwent resection surgeries around the knee. The menisci obtained were preserved via cryopreservation and deep-freezing process. Traction tests were carried out on the menisci after 6 weeks of preservation. Twelve pairs ( N = 24) of menisci were divided equally into two groups, cryopreservation and deep frozen. There were six males and six female menisci donors for this study. The age range was between 15 and 35 years old (24.9 ± 8.6 years). Cryopreserved specimens had a higher ultimate tensile strength (UTS; 8.2 ± 1.3 Mpa vs. 13.3 ± 1.7 Mpa: p < 0.05) and elastic modulus (61.7 ± 27.6 Mpa vs. 87.0 ± 44.10 Mpa: p < 0.05) compared to the fresh frozen specimens. There was a significant difference in UTS ( p < 0.05) between the two groups but no significant difference in their elastic modulus ( p > 0.05). The elastic modulus of the preserved meniscus was similar to fresh normal menisci taken from other studies (60–120 Mpa; cryopreserved (87.0 ± 44.1) and fresh frozen (61.7 ± 27.5)). Cryopreserved menisci had a higher elastic modulus and point of rupture (UTS) compared to fresh frozen menisci. Cryopreservation proved to be a significantly better method of preservation, among the two methods of preservation in this study.
Functional outcome of extra-articular distal humerus fracture fixation using a single locking plate: A retrospective study
Authors: Trikha Vivek , Agrawal Prabhat , Das Saubhik , Gaba Sahil , Kumar Arvind
Published: August 2017

Purpose:

The optimal method for fixation of extra-articular distal humerus factures poses a management dilemma. Although various plate configurations have been proposed, anatomic shaped extra-articular distal humerus locking plates have emerged as a viable solution for these complex injuries. We assessed clinico-radiologic outcome in our retrospective case series of extra-articular distal humerus fractures managed with these plates.

Methods:

Forty-five patients of extra-articular distal humerus fractures, who were operated at our level 1 trauma centre between January, 2012 and December, 2016, were identified. After exclusion, 36 patients were available for the final assessment. All patients were operated with the triceps-reflecting modified posterior approach. Regular clinico-radiologic follow-up was done evaluating elbow functionality, fracture union, secondary displacement, non-union, implant failure and any complications; Mayo Elbow Performance score (MEPS) was used for the final functional assessment.

Results:

Twenty-four (66.7%) male and 12 (33.3%) female patients constituted the study group, who had an average follow-up of 15 months. Preoperatively three patients and post-operatively one patient had radial nerve palsy; all had neurapraxia and recovered completely. Overall, 34 (94.4%) patients were adjudged to have complete radiological union within 3 months; 2 (5.5%) patients developed non-union. Mean flexion achieved was 122.9° ± 23°, and mean extension was −4.03° ± 6.5°; 1 patient with head injury developed flexion deformity of 45°. Average MEPS at the final follow-up was 90.8° ± 9.9°.

Conclusion:

Stable reconstruction and early initiation of physiotherapy are utilitarian to envision optimal outcome; the use of precontoured extra-articular distal humerus locking plates has yielded satisfactory results with minimal complications in our hands.
Three Months of Progressive High-Load Versus Traditional Low-Load Strength Training Among Patients With Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: Primary Results From the Double-Blind Randomized Controlled RoCTEx Trial
Authors: Ingwersen Kim Gordon , Jensen Steen Lund , Sørensen Lilli , Jørgensen Hans Ri , Christensen Robin , Søgaard Karen , Juul-Kristensen Birgit
Published: August 2017

Background:

Progressive high-load exercise (PHLE) has led to positive clinical results in patients with patellar and Achilles tendinopathy. However, its effects on rotator cuff tendinopathy still need to be investigated.

Purpose:

To assess the clinical effects of PHLE versus low-load exercise (LLE) among patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

Patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy were recruited and randomized to 12 weeks of PHLE or LLE, stratified for concomitant administration of corticosteroid injection. The primary outcome measure was change from baseline to 12 weeks in the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, assessed in the intention-to-treat population.

Results:

A total of 100 patients were randomized to PHLE (n = 49) or LLE (n = 51). Mean changes in the DASH questionnaire were 7.11 points (95% CI, 3.07-11.16) and 8.39 points (95% CI, 4.35-12.44) in the PHLE and LLE groups, respectively; this corresponded to a statistically nonsignificant adjusted mean group difference of −1.37 points (95% CI, −6.72 to 3.99; P = .61). Similar nonsignificant results were seen for pain, range of motion, and strength. However, a significant interaction effect was found between the 2 groups and concomitant corticosteroid use ( P = .028), with the largest positive change in DASH in favor of PHLE for the group receiving concomitant corticosteroid.

Conclusion:

The study results showed no superior benefit from PHLE over traditional LLE among patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy. Further investigation of the possible interaction between exercise type and corticosteroid injection is needed to establish optimal and potentially synergistic combinations of these 2 factors.

Registration:

NCT01984203 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier): Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Exercise Trial (RoCTEx).
Structural and Anatomic Restoration of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Is Associated With Less Cartilage Damage 1 Year After Surgery: Healing Ligament Properties Affect Cartilage Damage
Authors: Kiapour Ata M. , Fleming Braden C. , Murray Martha M.
Published: August 2017

Background:

Abnormal joint motion has been linked to joint arthrosis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, the relationships between the graft properties (ie, structural and anatomic) and extent of posttraumatic osteoarthritis are not well defined.

Hypotheses:

(1) The structural (tensile) and anatomic (area and alignment) properties of the reconstructed graft or repaired ACL correlate with the total cartilage lesion area 1 year after ACL surgery, and (2) side-to-side differences in anterior-posterior (AP) knee laxity correlate with the total cartilage lesion area 1 year postoperatively.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Sixteen minipigs underwent unilateral ACL transection and were randomly treated with ACL reconstruction or bridge-enhanced ACL repair. The tensile properties, cross-sectional area, and multiplanar alignment of the healing ACL or graft, AP knee laxity, and cartilage lesion areas were assessed 1 year after surgery.

Results:

In the reconstructed group, the normalized graft yield and maximum failure loads, cross-sectional area, sagittal and coronal elevation angles, and side-to-side differences in AP knee laxity at 60° of flexion were associated with the total cartilage lesion area 1 year after surgery ( R2 > 0.5, P < .04). In the repaired group, normalized ACL yield load, linear stiffness, cross-sectional area, and the sagittal and coronal elevation angles were associated with the total cartilage lesion area ( R2 > 0.5, P < .05). Smaller cartilage lesion areas were observed in the surgically treated knees when the structural and anatomic properties of the ligament or graft and AP laxity values were closer to those of the contralateral ACL-intact knee. Reconstructed grafts had a significantly larger normalized cross-sectional area and sagittal elevation angle (more vertical) when compared with repaired ACLs ( P < .02).

Conclusion:

The tensile properties, cross-sectional area, and multiplanar alignment of the healing ACLs or grafts and AP knee laxity in reconstructed knees were associated with the extent of tibiofemoral cartilage damage after ACL surgery.

Clinical Relevance:

These data highlight the need for novel ACL injury treatments that can restore the structural and anatomic properties of the torn ACL to those of the native ACL in an effort to minimize the risk of early-onset posttraumatic osteoarthritis.
Complicating Colorism: Race, Skin Color, and the Likelihood of Arrest
Authors: Branigan Amelia R. , Wildeman Christopher , Freese Jeremy , Kiefe Catarina I.
Published: August 2017

Both conventional public beliefs and existing academic research on colorism presuppose that variation in skin color predicts social outcomes among minorities but is inconsequential among whites. The authors draw on social psychological research on stereotyping to suggest that in quick, low-information decisions such as an arrest, the opposite may be true. Contrary to findings for longer-term socioeconomic outcomes, the authors find that black men’s probability of arrest remains constant across the spectrum of skin color, while white men’s probability of arrest decreases continuously with lighter skin. Beyond posing an exception to the modern conception of colorism, these results have implications for efforts to ameliorate the epidemic of incarceration among black men, as well as for understanding how elements of visible phenotype may serve as a unique category of predictors in models of social inequality.
Use of S-wave anisotropy to quantify the onset of stress-induced microfracturing
Authors: Ramos Matthew J. , Nicolas Espinoza D. , Torres-Verdín Carlos , Grover Tarun
Published: August 2017

Microfracturing and induced elastic anisotropy impart changes on body wave velocities with implications to seismic and wellbore testing methods and interpretation. We have conducted simultaneous triaxial stress tests and ultrasonic wave propagation monitoring to quantify S-wave anisotropy and microfracture development in Berea Sandstone and Silurian Dolomite. The onset of stress-induced microfracturing is detected at the beginning of appreciable S-wave anisotropy called the “S-wave crossover” (SWX). The SWX and subsequent increases in S-wave anisotropy evidence microstructural damage development well before quasistatic indicators such as the volumetric strain point of positive dilatancy (PPD) and yield/failure in all samples. X-ray microtomography confirmed fracture development and allowed for geometric assessment of fracture orientation. Stresses at the SWX and PPD are compared with peak axial stress to understand linkages between damage and ultimate rock strength. In Berea Sandstone, the SWX occurs at 40%–60% of the peak axial stress, whereas in Silurian Dolomite, SWX occurs at approximately 60%–80% of the peak axial stress. Results indicate that rock samples undergo irreversible microstructural changes before dilatancy manifests, and earlier than previously thought. Analysis of tangent elastic coefficients indicates that the ratio between the dynamic and static Young’s moduli can change significantly prior to SWX due to elastic and inelastic processes induced by deviatoric loading and ranges from approximately 2:1 to 4:1 for Berea and 2:1 to 7:1 for Silurian. Understanding damage development and the relationship between the dynamic and static responses of rocks provides opportunities to upscale stress-strain behavior to the wellbore environment and for improved geomechanical interpretation from dipole sonic and time-lapse well-log analyses.
Implementation of Multicolor Melt Curve Analysis for High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus Detection in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Pilot Study for Expanded Cervical Cancer Screening in Honduras
Authors: Turner Scott A. , Deharvengt Sophie J. , Lyons Kathleen Doyle , Espinal Jorge Arturo Plata , LaRochelle Ethan P.M. , Bejarano Suyapa , Kennedy Linda , Tsongalis Gregory J.
Published: August 2017

Purpose

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and screening in LMICs is extremely limited. We aimed to implement on-site high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) DNA testing in cohorts of women from an urban factory and from a rural village.

Methods

A total of 802 women were recruited for this study in partnership with La Liga Contra el Cancer through the establishment of women’s health resource fairs at two locations in Honduras: a textile factory (n = 401) in the city of San Pedro Sula and the rural village of El Rosario (n = 401) in Yoro. Participants received a routine cervical examination during which three sterile cytobrushes were used to collect cervical samples for testing. hrHPV genotyping was performed using a hrHPV genotyping assay and a real-time polymerase chain reaction instrument.

Results

hrHPV status across all participants at both sites was 13% hrHPV positive and 67% hrHPV negative. When hrHPV status was compared across all three testing sites, hrHPV-positive rates were approximately equal among the factory (13%), village (12%), and confirmatory testing at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center (Lebanon, NH; 14%). hrHPV genotype was compared across sites, with HPV16 showing the highest infection rate (15%), followed by HPV59 (12%), and HPV68 (11%). There was a low prevalence of HPV18 observed in both populations compared with the hrHPV-positive population in the United States.

Conclusion

In collaboration with oncologists and pathologists from La Liga Contra el Cancer, we were able to provide a continuum of care once health-fair testing was performed. We established a method and implementation plan for hrHPV testing that is sustainable in LMICs.
Photocatalytic Oxidative Decomposition of Methylene Blue by Rh-Doped Titanate Nanosheets ([Ti4−xRhxO9]2−)
Authors: Soontornchaiyakul Wasusate , Fujimura Takuya , Sasai Ryo
Published: August 2017

We investigated the adsorption and photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue (MB) by colloidal suspensions of Rh-doped titanate nanosheets ([Ti4−xRhxO9]2−; Ti4NS:Rhx) prepared by exfoliating H2Ti4−xRhxO9 in aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide, revealing that doped nanosheets showed a slightly enhanced adsorption capacity compared to their non-doped counterparts. This behavior was ascribed to the elevated ionic charge of doped Ti4NS and the thus increased volume charge density. Accordingly, Ti4NS:Rhx exhibited a higher MB adsorption capacity than previously reported [Ti3−xRhxO7]2−. Moreover, we found that Ti4NS:Rhx catalyzed the photodegradation of MB under UV light irradiation, additionally showing that the activity of this catalyst can be improved by Rh doping, probably due to the large contribution of Rh3+/Rh4+ shuttling to effective MB degradation.
Accounting - analytical system of construction of settlement and payment balance of management of accounts receivable and accounts payable
Authors: Иванова  , Ivanova Oksana , Сидоркина  , Sidorkina Marina , Виноградова  , Vinogradova Yuliya
Published: August 2017

The monograph is devoted to accounting and analytical approach of managing receivables and payables. In work the analysis of the level of receivables and payables in the Kostroma region and the identified specific characteristics for valuation of debtors on the basis of available information on the example of separate business entity. For building system management settlement operations with counterparties, proposed the use of settlement and payment of the balance on the basis of a linear relationship. Presents the format of the payment balance will allow on the one hand to forecast the balance of trade receivables and the excess of liabilities over the payment instrument and on the other, the projected balance in accounts payable and the payment of excess funds over liabilities. Recommendations on forecasting the level of occurrence and repayment of receivables, the conclusion about the necessity and significance of evaluation of the ratio of debt at a future time.
Designed for researchers, managers and specialists, postgraduates and students of higher educational institutions.
A case of bullying
Authors: Parker Barry
Published: August 2017

Practices should always strive to maintain good relationships with colleagues.
Prepare for a change
Authors: Lemmer Anna-Maria
Published: August 2017

Anna-Maria Lemmer answers questions about the CQC's focus on leadership.
Pension changes
Authors: MacDonald Gerry
Published: August 2017

Are you prepared, asks Gerry MacDonald?
Media myths
Authors: Amarant
Published: August 2017

Like a starving chick, Amarant tweets with the best.
An investment for the future
Authors: Mitra Gopa
Published: August 2017

Self care can help reduce the practice workload, says Gopa Mitra.
Legal look back at 2013
Authors: Symon Liz
Published: August 2017

Liz Symon summarises changes to employment law last year.
GP pensions
Authors: Bennett Luke
Published: August 2017

Luke Bennett offers a quick guide to what practice managers need to know.
Top tips for CQC compliance
Authors: Hickey Donna
Published: August 2017

How to achieve and maintain adherence in the GP practice.
The middle lane
Authors: Amarant
Published: August 2017

Amarant regrettably passes by the Ferraris and Aston Martins in the car showroom.
NHS pension benefits
Authors: Mileham Phil
Published: August 2017

The scheme is one of the best available, says Phil Mileham.
Joining the IT crowd
Authors: Tisdale Richenda
Published: August 2017

Dr Richenda Tisdale, medico-legal adviser at the Medical Defence Union, discusses some of the medico-legal issues that practices should consider when thinking about adopting new technology
and breathe…
Authors: Waddell Deborah
Published: August 2017

In the first of a new series, we highlight the upcoming promotions and campaigns raising awareness of common illnesses and conditions with a view to helping you practice offer the best care. This issue, a look ahead to World Asthma Day
Counting down
Authors: Barnes Annette
Published: August 2017

When two practices within a mile of each other both seek new pastures new, what better solution is there than to build a medical centre together? Practice manager Annette Barnes reveals how it works
A Case-Controlled Investigation of Tactile Reactivity in Young Children With and Without Global Developmental Delay
Authors: Barney Chantel C. , Tervo Raymond , Wilcox George L. , Symons Frank J.
Published: August 2017

Assessing tactile function among children with intellectual, motor, and communication impairments remains a clinical challenge. A case control design was used to test whether children with global developmental delays (GDD; n = 20) would be more/less reactive to a modified quantitative sensory test (mQST) compared to controls (n = 20). Reactivity was indexed by blinded behavioral coding across vocal, facial, and gross motor responses during the mQST. On average the children with GDD were significantly more reactive than controls to most tactile sensory modalities including light touch (p = .034), pin prick (p = .008), cool (p = .039), pressure (p = .037), and repeated von Frey (p = .003). The results suggest the mQST approach was feasible and highlights the GDD sample was more reactive than controls to a range of stimuli.
INDICE
Authors: - -
Published: August 2017

INDICE
PROPUESTA DE SISTEMATIZACIÓN AGROHIDROLÓGICA EN CUENCAS DE LLANURA CON ÉNFASIS PREDIAL Y CONSORCIADO
Authors: DAMIANO F. , PARODI G. N. , TABOADA M. A. , PRIETO GARRA D.
Published: August 2017

Existe escasa tecnología para el manejo de aguas superfi ciales en áreas de planicie extrema e inundable, aumentada por la controversia de opinión en cuanto al modo de encarar la solución de los excesos y défi cit hídricos. La Agrohidrología modular considera el importante rol que cumple el agua en el sistema de producción, manejándola mediante un conjunto de prácticas conservacionis-tas rurales, de ingeniería agronómica y civil destinadas a controlar los anegamientos periódicos en campos bajos o en llanuras extensas. La unidad agrohidrológica básica es el diseño de “circuitos hidrológicos” que evita la transferencia anárquica de agua a otras unidades, circuitos o sistemashídricos, mediante un conjunto de obras estructurales de encauzamiento, conducción, retención, expansión y evacuación. Estableciendo un marco hídrico y edafológico apropiado para acumular los excedentes de agua en sectores menos productivos, protegiendo ambientes con riesgo de hidromorfi smo y halomorfi smo y su reincorporación a los esquemas agronómicos productivos.
EVALUACIÓN DEL BIENESTAR EN VACAS EN UN SISTEMA DE ORDEÑE AUTOMATIZADO DURANTE LA ÉPOCA ESTIVAL. ESTUDIO DE CASO
Authors: LEVA P. E. , GHIANO J. E. J. , TOFFOLI G. D. , FERNANDEZ G. B. , SOSA J. L. , GARCIA M. S. , TAVERNA M. , WALTER E.
Published: August 2017

Treinta y siete vaquillonas fueron alojadas en un corral con acceso a un tambo robotizado. Poseían sombras de red en el comedero y en los lugares de descanso. Desde las 18:00 hs hasta las 08:00 hs tenían acceso a una pastura. Se registró el comportamiento semanalmente durante 24horas. Dos veces por semana en 5 horarios, se observó la frecuencia respiratoria. La producción individual se registró diariamente. Semanalmente se analizó la composición de la leche.En dos fechas se realizaron toma de sangre para evaluar el nivel de cortisol. La frecuencia respiratoriamedia fue de 70 ±12 rpm. La producción de leche fue de 28 ± 1,6 L v-1 d-1. El cortisol presento valores entre 10 y 48 ng ml-1. Los animales destinaron 25,1 % y 26,1 % a las conductas de comer y rumiar respectivamente y sólo 0,7% a beber. Los resultados preliminares indicarían la factibilidad de introducir sistemas robotizados combinados con métodos de mitigación del estrés.
KESEHATAN SEKSUAL DAN REPRODUKSI SERTA FASILITAS KESEHATAN DI LOKASI PROSTITUSI: COMMUNITY BASED PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH DENGAN PHOTOVOICE PADA PEKERJA SEKSUAL DI GUNUNG LAWU, BALI
Authors: Lestari Made Diah , Sulistiowati Ni Made Dian , Natalya Ni Putu
Published: August 2017

Sex workers are victims of prostitution because prostitution endangers their physical, social, and psychological health; therefore, a movement/action that empowers the community in protecting the physical, social, and psychological health of sex workers is needed. This study tries to see the views of sex workers on reproductive health and the support of health facilities in their community. The research subjects were female sex workers who work within the scope of localization (complexes) in Bali. The research approach used was a community - based participatory research (CBPR) using the photovoice method as a media to answer the research questions. Participants were 11 sex workers and social workers in Gunung Lawu. The data were analyzed using a participatory analysis and coding system. The results show stigma and discrimination were still exsist. Reproductive health is important for sex workers, but they realize that the control of their health conditions is on the external side namely the customers, pimps, and the availability of health facilities in their environment. Unfortunately, health facilities are also still limited.
Optimization of Culture Medium for Lactobacillus bulgaricus using Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Shu Guowei , Bao Chunju , Cao Jili , Tan Yuan
Published: August 2017

Lactobacillus bulgaricus is a common yogurt starter in dairy production. But the viable counts of the bacteria in the productions are relatively low during free-drying and storage which is not good for its commercial production. In order to obtain a medium with high activity and high density for bacterial cultured, the experiments and regression analysis were conducted by Box-Behnken design in this study, and a model was established to predict the influence of glucose (9-11 g·L−1), casein hydrolysate (15-17 g·L−1) and glutamate (6.5-7.5 mg·L−1) on viable counts of L. bulgaricus and. The results showed that the glucose, 9.5 g·L−1; casein hydrolysate, 15.5 g·L−1; glutamate, 7.0mg·L−1, the number of viable bacteria of L. bulgaricus could reach (2.95±0.07) ×109, which was very similar to the predicted value of the model of 3.00×109 cfu·mL−1, indicating that the optimized conditions and models used were feasible and effective. The optimized medium components can improve the viable counts of bacteria which are useful from its application in industrial production.
Effect of Fe3O4 and TiO2 Nanoparticles on Catalase Activity and β-Carotene Content at Pigmented Yeast Strain Rhodotorula gracilis
Authors: Usatîi Agafia , Beșliu Alina , Efremova Nadejda
Published: August 2017

The properties of nanoparticles have been used in a wide range of potential applications in food industry, medicine, microbial biotechnology, cosmetics, environmental production. Research results of evaluation of the effect of Fe3O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles applicated in large concentration limits on some parameters of pigmented yeast strain Rhodotorula gracilis CNMN-Y-30 are presented in this paper. It was established that nanoparticles selected for study caused toxic effects on β-caroten accumulation and activity of antioxidant enzyme catalase depending on concentration and nanostructure. The strong correlation between concentration of nanoparticles and evaluated components has been revealed at studied yeast strain. Coefficients of correlation varied in limits R2 = 0.623... 0.951. For the first time, the determination of β-carotene accumulation and catalase activity rate as functional tests for estimation of toxicity of nanoparticles for pigmented yeast strain Rhodotorula gracilis was effectuated. Thus, it was established that adaptive response of yeast strain to the presence of Fe3O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles has been manifested by modification of the processes of β-carotene biosythesis and catalase activity.
Development of Texturized Vegetable Protein from Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus) and African Oil Bean Seed [Pentaclethrama crophylla (Benth)]: Optimization Approach
Authors: Arueya Gibson. L. , Owosen Bamidele. S. , Olatoye Kazeem. K.
Published: August 2017

As part of measures to combat protein shortages in form of meat analogues, extrusion processing conditions for the development of Texturized Vegetable Protein (TVP) from under-utilized sources (Lima bean and African oil bean seed) are analysed. Optimum parameters for processing were established as being: barrel temperature (92.45°C), screw speed (101.48 rpm), feed moisture (59.63%) and African oil bean seed protein concentrates (AOBSPC) of 1%. Concentrations of essential amino-acids were also found to be significant (0.90-7.3%) with a near absence of anti-nutritional factors (0.0022–1.0008) g/kg. Sensory evaluation showed that TVP5 (100% LBPC) compared favourably with the control sample (cooked meat) in overall acceptability. An Acceptable and nutritious meat analogue had been developed.
Application of organic waste material overgrown with Trichoderma atroviride as a control strategy for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Chalara thielavioides in soil
Authors: Kowalska Beata , Smolińska Urszula , Szczech Magdalena , Winciorek Jolanta
Published: August 2017

The effect of granulated organic waste material overgrown withTrichoderma atrovirideTRS25 on the survival ofSclerotinia sclerotiorumandChalara thielavioidesin the soil was investigated. Application of this material into the soil at a dosage of 1% (w/v) reduced the survival ofS. sclerotiorumsclerotia to almost zero after 2 months of incubation. The sclerotia were parasitized byT. atroviridefungus multiplied on granulates. The detrimental effect of granulates onCh. thielavioideswas observed after 4 months of incubation. The granulates, withTrichodermaand without the fungus, caused a decrease of the pathogen population in soil.Trichoderma atrovirideintroduced into the soil as a conidia suspension did not decrease the amount ofCh. thielavioidesbut the fungus parasitizedS. sclerotiorumsclerotia. After the addition of granulated waste material, an increase of bacteria, especially thePseudomonasgroup in the soil was observed.
Isolation, characterization and toxicity of native Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from different hosts and habitats in Iran
Authors: Ghassemi-Kahrizeh Akbar , Khoramnezhad Ayda , Talaei-Hassanloui Reza
Published: August 2017

Bacillus thuringiensisis a Gram-positive, aerobic, facultative anaerobic and endospore-forming bacterium. Different strains of this species have the ability to produce parasporal crystalline inclusions which are toxic to larvae of different insect orders and other invertebrates and cause rapid death of the host. To determine the importance of this species in microbial control, we collected native strains and studied their virulence on the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella. More than 148 samples were collected from Alborz, Guilan and Mazandaran Provinces. Experimental samples, including soil samples from forests, fruit gardens, agricultural fields, diseased and dead larvae, were transferred to a laboratory in sterile plastic containers. For evaluatingB. thuringiensisisolates virulence, a cabbage leaf dip method with 106cell · ml−1concentration of various Bt isolates was applied to diamondback moths. Larval mortality was recorded 72 h after treatment. Based on bioassay results, all isolates were classified into three high, medium and low virulence groups. Protein level characterization based on the SDS-PAGE gel analysis showed that two isolates from a high virulence group have proteins of high molecular masses of 121 and 109 kDa. Results revealed that there is a positive correlation between protein masses and virulence of isolates. In addition, this research introduced nine strains that are highly toxic toP. xylostellaand would be valuable as insecticidal agents for controlling lepidopteran pests.
Susceptibility of olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) pupae to entomopathogenic nematodes
Authors: Torrini Giulia , Mazza Giuseppe , Benvenuti Claudia , Roversi Pio Federico
Published: August 2017

The olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae is one of the most serious and economically damaging insects worldwide, affecting the quality and quantity of both olive oil and table olives. Laboratory bioassays were conducted for the first time to evaluate the susceptibility of B. oleae pupae to two entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) species, Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. The nematodes tested caused pupal mortality of 62.5% and 40.6%, respectively. The most noteworthy result was obtained with S. carpocapsae which was able to infect 21.9% of the emerged adults. Since this tephritid fly spent several months in the soil as pupa, the use of EPNs could be a promising method to control this pest.
The Influence of the Geometrical Parameters for Stress Distribution in Wire Raceway Slewing Bearing
Authors: Gunia Dominik , Smolnicki Tadeusz
Published: August 2017

This paper presents the current study of the distribution of stresses for four-point contact wire race ball bearing. The main aim of this article is to define the most important geometrical rules in a wire-race bearing. The results for bearings of different geometrical parameters are presented. In the study, one also estimates the distribution of internal pressure in particular bearing elements.
Study of Conjugate Heat Transfer in Electromagnetic Liquid Metal Dream Pipe
Authors: Puvaneswari P. , Shailendhra K.
Published: August 2017

The combined effect of conjugation, external magnetic field and oscillation on the enhancement of heat transfer in the laminar flow of liquid metals between parallel plate channels is analyzed. In order to make our results useful to the design engineers, we have considered here only the wall materials that are widely employed in liquid metal heat exchangers. Indeed, all the results obtained through this mathematical investigation are in excellent agreement with the available experimental results. The effective thermal diffusivity κe is increased by 3 · 106 times due to oscillation and that the heat flux as high as 1.5 · 1010 (W/m2) can be achieved. Based on our investigation, we have recommended the best choice of liquid metal heat carrier, wall material and its optimum thickness along with the optimum value of the frequency to maximize the heat transfer rate. At the optimum frequency, by choosing a wall of high thermal conductivity and optimum thickness, an increase of 19.98% in κe can be achieved. Our results are directly relevant to the design of a heat transfer device known as electromagnetic dream pipe which is a very recent development.
A High-Speed Fully Digital Phase-Synchronizer Implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array Device
Authors: Frankowski Robert , Chaberski Dariusz , Kowalski Marcin , Zieliński Marek
Published: August 2017

Most systems used in quantum physics experiments require the efficient and simultaneous recording different multi-photon coincidence detection events. In such experiments, the single-photon gated counting systems can be applicable. The main sources of errors in these systems are both instability of the clock source and their imperfect synchronization with the excitation source. Below, we propose a solution for improvement of the metrological parameters of such measuring systems. Thus, we designed a novel integrated circuit dedicated to registration of signals from a photon number resolving detectors including a phase synchronizer module. This paper presents the architecture of a high-resolution (~60 ps) digital phase synchronizer module cooperating with a multi-channel coincidence counter. The main characteristic feature of the presented system is its ability to fast synchronization (requiring only one clock period) with the measuring process. Therefore, it is designed to work with various excitation sources of a very wide frequency range. Implementation of the phase synchronizer module in an FPGA device enabled to reduce the synchronization error value from 2.857 ns to 214.8 ps.
The Influence of Fibre Bending on Polarization-Dependent Twist Sensor Based on Tilted Bragg Grating
Authors: Harasim Damian
Published: August 2017

This paper presents an experimental study on influence of input light polarization on the spectral characteristics of a fibre twist sensor based onTilted Fiber Bragg Grating(TFBG) with simultaneous application of bending to an optical fibre. The application of proposed measurement stand could provide the ability of transforming the bending to a displacement. The twist measurement was performed by tuning of the sensor illuminating light polarization angle. The spectral parameters of selected cladding mode which are sensitive to the rotation of input light polarization angle have been shown. This paper shows the characteristics of transmittivity and wavelength shift for an incident high-order cladding mode measured with different curvatures of fibre. The dependency of selected cladding mode spectral parameters related with the twist measurement on the influence of temporary bending has been shown. The measurements were performed for two positions of sensing structure refractive index perturbations in relation to the bending direction plane. The experimental results show that the direction of TFBG structure bending has a small influence on the stability of spectral parameters characteristic for twist measurement, assuming that the bending direction is fixed while measurement.
The Application of the Theory of Synthesis of a Delay Line with a Surface Acoustic Wave for a Single-Mode Oscillator of Electric Signals in Some Sensors of Non-Electrical Quantities
Authors: Šimko Milan , Gutten Miroslav , Chupáč Milan , Korenčiak Daniel
Published: August 2017

The paper deals with the issue of constructing delay lines on the basis of surface acoustic waves and their application to single-mode oscillators. As a result of a theoretical analysis concrete delay lines are proposed.

In the contribution, there is presented a theory of designing a symmetrical mismatched and matched delay line for a single-mode oscillator of electrical signals on the basis of which there were designed and fabricated acoustic-electronic components for sensors of non-electrical quantities.

From the experimental results it can be stated that all of six designed and fabricated delay lines can be effectively used in the construction of single-mode oscillators.
Analysis of Economical Lighting of Highways in the Environment of SMOL Language
Authors: Kowalczuk Zdzisław , Wszołek Jakub
Published: August 2017

The paper puts forward and implements a method of designing and creating a modelling simulation environment for extensive and complete analysis of economical lighting on highways. From a general design viewpoint, the proposed solution explores the concept of a network description language (SMOL), which has been designed to describe the necessary network functions, mechanisms, and devices for the purpose of their computer simulation and verification. The presented results of the performed research confirm the usability of intelligent lighting on highways, both in the sense of the design concept and in the aspect of saving energy.
Problem of Non-Measured Points in Surface Texture Measurements
Authors: Pawlus Paweł , Reizer Rafał , Wieczorowski Michał
Published: August 2017

This work is focused on the issue of non-measured points – one of the most important problems in surface texture measurements using optical methods. The fundamental aim of this research is to analyse errors of surface texture measurements caused by the presence of non-measured points. This study is divided into two parts. In the first part, circles with non-measured points were artificially created on peak portions of measured surfaces. In the second part – the results of measurement by a Talysurf CCI Lite interferometer were analysed. A measurement area of 3.3 × 3.3 mm contained 1024 × 1024 points. The measurements were performed with different intensity of light. Changes of parameters regarding the analysed errors depended on a surface type. The following parameters are susceptible to errors: skewnessSsk, areal material ratioSmr, as well as the following feature parameters:Spd, Sda, Sdv, ShaandShv. Inaccuracies of measurement in valley parts of two-process textures led usually to larger errors of parameter computations compared with deviations in peak portions.
Design Optimization and Trade-Offs of Miniaturized Wideband Antenna for Internet of Things Applications
Authors: ul Haq Muhammad Aziz , Kozieł Sławomir
Published: August 2017

Internet of Things (IoT) will play an important role in modern communication systems. Thousands of devices will talk to each other at the same time. Clearly, smart and efficient hardware will play a vital role in the development of IoT. In this context, the importance of antennas increases due to them being essential parts of communication networks. For IoT applications, a small size with good matching and over a wide frequency range is preferred to ensure reduced size of communication devices. In this paper, we propose a structure and discuss design optimization of a wideband antenna for IoT applications. The antenna consists of a stepped-impedance feed line, a rectangular radiator and a ground plane. The objective is to minimize the antenna footprint by simultaneously adjusting all geometry parameters and to maintain the electrical characteristic of antenna at an acceptable level. The obtained design exhibits dimensions of only 3.7 mm × 11.8 mm and a footprint of 44 mm2, an omnidirectional radiation pattern, and an excellent pattern stability. The proposed antenna can be easily handled within compact communication devices. The simulation results are validated through measurements of the fabricated antenna prototype.
Notes on Colura Crenulata (Lejeuneaceae, Marchantiophyta), a New Record for Thailand, with a Sporophyte Description
Authors: Sangrattanaprasert Jiroat , Chantanaorrapint Sahut , Zhu Rui-Liang
Published: August 2017

Colura crenulata Grolle (Lejeuneaceae), a rare and poorly known species from Papua New Guinea, Sumatra and Borneo, was newly discovered in tropical montane forests in southern Thailand. It is characterized by its acutely mamillose lobule sac and perianth; apical crest of the lobule sac consisting of 1-5 cells; large valve composed of 18-21 hyaline margin cells and 20-29 median cells, with a single median basal cell; and nearly entire dorsal margin of the leaf. This species is described and illustrated in detail, and its diagnostic characters and a comparison with the related species are briefly treated.
Notes on Goodyera Lanceolata (Orchidaceae), a Mysterious Orchid Species
Authors: Chantanaorrapint Sahut , Puangpairote Tidarat , Wai Jarearnsak Sae , Chantanaorrapint Amonrat
Published: August 2017

Goodyera lanceolata Ridl., a rare orchid species previously known only from Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia, was newly discovered in lower montane forests in southern Thailand. A description, line drawings and photographs are provided, and its diagnostic characters and geographical distribution are briefly discussed.
Opinion on the new financial products issued by financial institutions - structured products
Authors: Baranga Laurentiu Paul
Published: August 2017

Structured products are financial instruments issued by a financial institution where the amount claimed by the investor from the issuer depends on the variation of the price of the underlying instrument based on which the certificate is issued, namely: individual shares, share costs, stock indexes, currencies, commodities or combinations of these according to the prospectus. These products appeared with the development and diversification of financial services during the recent years, as well as due to the emergence of liquidity suppliers of international importance. The liquidity providers have developed on their own platforms a new range of derivatives which are different from the classical derivatives. These new derivatives, similar to contracts for difference (CFDs), have given to other institutions the possibility of transferring their risk more easily, regardless of the nature or type of the underlying asset. Thus, the financial institutions issuing structured financial products have found in liquidity providers the possibility of developing the CFDs required for their risk transfer operations. The issuers of structured products do not accept new risky positions when they issue certificates because they neutralize them through suitable risk transfer operations. The issuing financial institutions structure certificates from a variety of financial assets and/or commodities in order to adjust them to the various risk profiles of investors both in terms of expected return and in terms of the response to risk. Thus, products are issued that quickly respond to the trends of the financial or commodity markets. Investors in structured financial products benefit from the economic effect of a derivative but are exposed to financial risks that are more complex and more difficult to understand and at the same time depend on the reliability and stability of the contractual relationships between various financial institutions.
Effective business models for electric vehicles
Authors: Gavrilescu Ileana
Published: August 2017

The proposed study aims to use asyncretic and synthetic approach of two elements that have an intrinsic efficiency value: business models and electric vehicles. Our approach seeks to circumscribe more widespread concerns globally - on the one hand, to oil shortages and climate change - and on the other hand, economic efficiency to business models customized to new types of mobility. New “electric” cars projects besiege the traditional position of the conventional car. In the current economy context the concept of efficiency of business models is quite different from what it meant in a traditional sense, particularly because of new technological fields. The arguments put forward by us will be both factual and emotional. Therefore, we rely on interviews and questionnaires designed to fit significantly to the point of the study. Research in the field of new propulsion systems for vehicles has been exploring various possibilities lately, such as: electricity, hydrogen, compressed air, biogas, etc. Theoretically or in principle, it is possible for tomorrow’s vehicles to be driven by the widest variety if resources. A primary goal of our study would be to theoretically reconsider some of the contemporary entrepreneurship coordinates and secondly to provide minimum guidance for decision-making of businesses that will operate in the field of electric mobility. To achieve this, we shall specifically analyze an electric mobility system but in parallel we will address business models that lend themselves effectively on aspects of this field. With a methodology based on questionnaires that had to overcome the conventional mechanism using some of the most unusual ingredients, we hope that the results of our research will successfully constitute a contribution to the goals and especially as a means of managerial orientation for entrepreneurs in the Romanian market.
Environmental Key Performance Indicators of CSR activities in the energy industry
Authors: Pelău Corina , Chinie Alexandra Catalina
Published: August 2017

The preoccupation towards environmental issues within companies has increased in the past years. On one hand, companies now aim at cleaner, environmental products or production lines. On the other hand, many companies have started to invest in different CSR projects, having as objective different environmental issues. In this article we focus on a set of aspects and indicators reported by energy companies, regarding their environmental performance. The need for a cleaner environment has determined policy makers and different organizations to adopt several guidelines referring to environmental activities of companies. Based on the CSR and sustainability reports of 92 top energy companies, we analyze the main environmental aspects and indicators which were revealed by these organizations in year 2015. Results of this qualitative analysis could contribute to the assessment of the extent to which environmental standards are currently taken into account by energy companies.
Public health management: life expectancy and air pollution
Authors: Meghisan Georgeta-Madalina , Toma Dorin
Published: August 2017

Part of the National Strategy of Sustainable Development from Romania, life expectancy and air pollution indicators have an important role in establishing long term public health management strategies. International scientific literature within the field underlines the strong connection between air pollution and life expectancy. This research study focuses on the impact of greenhouse gas emissions, particulate matter air pollutants, ozone air pollutants on the length of life at 65 years old and life expectancy at birth of the population from Romania. The methods used for research are correlation and linear regression. Our results will be a starting point for further development of public health policies in developing countries, which mostly focus on socio-economic aspects, neglecting the negative impact of air pollution.