bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-6, -17, and -35 levels in association with clinical status in stage III and stage IV periodontitis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Altaca Müge , Cebesoy Elif Ilke , Kocak-Oztug Necla Asli , Bingül Ilknur , Cifcibasi Emine
Published: August 2024

Background

This study compared the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, and IL-35 in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontally healthy participants with individuals who had stage III and IV periodontitis.

Methods

In total, 60 participants with stage III grade B-C (n = 12)—stage IV grade C (n = 18) periodontitis and 30 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were performed. Concentrations of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-35 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Parametric/nonparametric methods, Pearson’s/Spearman’s correlation, and logistic regression methods were used for data analyses.

Results

The periodontitis group exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-35 compared with the healthy group (p < 0.001). IL-17 levels had a positive correlation with pocket depth (PD) (r = 0.395; p = 0.031) in the periodontitis group. IL-6, IL-17, and IL-35 levels were associated with periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.344, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.159–1.56; OR = 1.063, 95% CI = 1.025–1.102; OR = 1.261, 95% CI = 1.110–1.434, respectively) (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Full-mouth and sampling sites PD and clinical attachment loss (CAL) values were significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the healthy group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

This study revealed upregulated levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-35 in periodontitis patients compared to healthy individuals. IL-17 shows a correlation with increased PD. These findings suggest a potential association between these cytokines and severe and advanced periodontitis.

Trial registration

The trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with this identifier NCT05306860 on 24/01/2022.
Organoids and chimeras: the hopeful fusion transforming traumatic brain injury research
Authors: Bellotti Cristina , Samudyata Samudyata , Thams Sebastian , Sellgren Carl M. , Rostami Elham
Published: August 2024

Research in the field of traumatic brain injury has until now heavily relied on the use of animal models to identify potential therapeutic approaches. However, a long series of failed clinical trials has brought many scientists to question the translational reliability of pre-clinical results obtained in animals. The search for an alternative to conventional models that better replicate human pathology in traumatic brain injury is thus of the utmost importance for the field. Recently, orthotopic xenotransplantation of human brain organoids into living animal models has been achieved. This review summarizes the existing literature on this new method, focusing on its potential applications in preclinical research, both in the context of cell replacement therapy and disease modelling. Given the obvious advantages of this approach to study human pathologies in an in vivo context, we here critically review its current limitations while considering its possible applications in traumatic brain injury research.
Reconstructing the local structures of Chinese ancient architecture using unsupervised depth estimation
Authors: Yao Xiaoling , Hu Lihua , Zhang Jifu
Published: August 2024

Digitalization of ancient architectures is one of the effective means for the preservation of heritage structures, with 3D reconstruction based on computer vision being a key component of such digitalization techniques. However, Chinese ancient architectures are located in mountainous areas, and existing 3D reconstruction methods fall short in restoring the local structures of these architectures. This paper proposes a self-attention-guided unsupervised single image-based depth estimation method, providing innovative technical support for the reconstruction of local structures in Chinese ancient architectures. First, an attention module is constructed based on features extracted from architectural images learned by the encoder, and then embedded into the encoder-decoder to capture the interdependencies across local features. Second, a disparity map is generated using the loss constraint network, including reconstruction matching, smoothness of the disparity, and left-right disparity consistency. Third, an unsupervised architecture based on binocular image pairs is constructed to remove any potential adverse effects due to unknown scale or estimated pose errors. Finally, with the known baseline distance and camera focal length, the disparity map is converted into the depth map to perform the end-to-end depth estimation from a single image. Experiments on the our architecture dataset validates our method, and it performs well also well on KITTI.
Predictive factors of facial nerve function after medium/large vestibular schwannoma surgery: relationships between time of surgery, dimensions and size of resection
Authors: Armocida Daniele , Pesce Alessandro , Ciarlo Silvia , Marzetti Francesco , Frati Alessandro , Santoro Antonio
Published: August 2024

Background

Vestibular schwannomas (VS) are slowly growing tumor, deriving from the vestibular component of cranial nerve VIII. Primary treatment modalities include microsurgery, radiosurgery, a combination of microsurgery and radiosurgery, and conservative treatment. The management of VS is a matter of debate, particularly in case of small tumors (less than 2 cm in diameter size).

Methods

We performed an institutional retrospective review of a consecutive series of 28 surgically treated patients suffering from VS, operated in our institution. Patients were assigned on the ground of the preoperative imaging in two groups: tumors with major diameter of extra-meatal portion measuring ≥ 3 cm (Group I, 16 patients) and tumors with major diameter < to 3 cm (Group II, 12 patients).

Results

The total amount of 18/28 patients were females; the average age was 60.1 years. The average duration of the preoperative symptoms was 25.2 months, while the average interval between the diagnosis and surgical treatment was 8.68 months. The average preoperative volume was, respectively, for Group I and II tumors of 14.35 cm3 and 3.73 cm3. Age was associated to the duration of the preoperative symptoms (r = − 364; p = 0.044), with the probability to develop a complication (p = 0.031) and preoperative low HB score (r = − 324; p = 0.040). The presence of hypoacusis as preoperative symptom was strongly associated to a lesser postoperative maximum diameter and smaller residual disease (p = 0.014). Group I had a significantly longer hospitalization period in respect to Group II (p = 0.001) that impacted negatively to postoperative performance status (r = 0.368, p = 0.042).

Conclusions

We confirmed the strong association between age and size of the lesion and the clinical results, where larger lesions in older patients are more prone to complications than smaller in young patients. We found that the patients presenting hypoacusis at onset were associate to lesser preoperative FN impairment outlining a possible differential involvement of the CN related to the internal meatus. We also introduce the strong association of Koos grade with postoperative performance status, hospitalization and facial nerve functionality.
Characterization of longitudinal nasopharyngeal microbiome patterns in maternally HIV-exposed Zambian infants
Authors: Odom Aubrey R. , Gill Christopher J. , Pieciak Rachel , Ismail Arshad , Thea Donald , MacLeod William B. , Johnson W. Evan , Lapidot Rotem
Published: August 2024

Background Previous studies of infants born to HIV-positive mothers have linked HIV exposure to poor outcomes from gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses, and to overall increased mortality rates. The mechanism behind this is unknown, but it is possible that differences in the nasopharyngeal (NP) microbiome between infants who are HIV-unexposed or HIV-exposed could play a role in perpetuating some outcomes. Methods We conducted a longitudinal analysis of 170 NP swabs of healthy infants who are HIV-exposed (n=10) infants and their HIV(+) mothers, and infants who are HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU; n=10) .and their HIV(-) mothers. These swabs were identified from a sample library collected in Lusaka, Zambia between 2015 and 2016. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we characterized the maturation of the microbiome over the first 14 weeks of life to determine what quantifiable differences exist between HIV-exposed and HUU infants, and what patterns are reflected in the mothers' NP microbiomes. Results In both HIV-exposed and HUU infants, Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium began as primary colonizers of the NP microbiome but were in time replaced by Dolosigranulum, Streptococcus, Moraxella and Haemophilus. When evaluating the interaction between HIV exposure status and time of sampling among infants, the microbe Staphylococcus haemolyticus showed a distinctive high association with HIV exposure at birth. When comparing infants to their mothers with paired analyses, HIV-exposed infants’ NP microbiome composition was only slightly different from their HIV(+) mothers at birth or 14 weeks, including in their carriage of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and S. haemolyticus. Conclusions Our analyses indicate that the HIV-exposed infants in our study exhibit subtle differences in the NP microbial composition throughout the sampling interval. Given our results and the sampling limitations of our study, we believe that further research must be conducted in order to confidently understand the relationship between HIV exposure and infants’ NP microbiomes.
Behavioral Prevention of Sexual Transmitted Infections in Female Sexual Workers in Puncak, Bogor
Authors: Fauziah Munaya , Rabbany Nayla Nur
Published: August 2024

Background: Case of HIV/AIDS in the Bogor district each year continues to rise. And one of them caused by free sex. District Cisarua is one of 14 districts highest number of cases of HIV/AIDS.Objective : This study aimed to analyze information about behaviors prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in Female Sex Workers (FSWs) in Bogor 2016.Methodology: This study which was implemented in July 2016, and used a qualitative approach with key informants is Female Sexual Workers and Security Guards Hotel. Data analysis was done by the content analysis method by transcribing interviews that comes from informants.Result:The results of this research note that informant is Female Sexual Workers due to economic factors. While on Sexually Transmitted Infections prevention behaviors, informants on Sexual Transmitted Infections prevention behaviors by using condoms protective. However, in the perception of the prevention of sexually transmitted infections, the informant use of antibiotics, betel leaves, antiseptic and cleaning themselves after sexual intercourse to maintain health and prevent sexually transmitted infections.Conclusion:In this study of Behavioral Prevention of Sexual Transmitted Infections in Women Sexual Workers by using condoms protective and use of antibiotics, betel leaves, antiseptic and cleaning themselves after sexual intercourse. And suggested to the health department to provide information about Sexually Transmitted Infections more intent, and have a strategy with exciting promotional media which easy to understand by Women Sexual Workers.
The Differences Between Hormonal Pills and Injection Contraception Adverse Effect: Pekanbaru Puskesmas Case Study
Authors: Susanti Lasiah , Caessarrani Erick
Published: August 2024

Background: In Indonesia majority contraception participant using hormonal methods, consist of pills and injection methods. Whereas, hormonal contraception methods causing various adverse effects. Menstrual cycle irregularity, metrorhagia, menorhagia, nausea, headache, breast tenderness, weight gain, negative mood changes, libido changes, acne, palpitation, hair lossÂ Objectives: To acknowledge the adverse effect differences between pills and injections hormonal contraceptionÂ Methodology: The design of this study is cross sectional, using sample from Puskesmas in Pekanbaru. Data was analyze with cross tabulation, and Independent T-test.Â Â Results: Adverse effect that have been found according to its quantities: weight gain (74%), Menstrual cycle irregularity (53%) , mood changes (53%), libido changes (47%), hair loss (47%), headache (24%), nausea (21%), acne (21%), metrorhagia (21%), menorhagia (18%) palpitation (6%). Cross tabulation show that most adverse effect was found on injection hormonal contraceptionÂ Discussions: Hormonal contraception adverse effect commonly explained by its effect on metabolic and cardiovascular system. Metabolically, hormonal contraception affecting many target organs with progestin as mostly substance in charge as cause for adverse effectÂ Conclusions: There is significant differences adverse effect between hormonal injections progestin only contraception methods and hormonal pills estradiol levonorgestrel combination. All adverse effect occur more excessively (18%) on hormonal injection progestin only methods.
Analisis Beban Kerja pada Karyawan Gudang Logistik Farmasi di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Kota Yogyakarta dengan Menggunakan Metode Full Time Equivalent
Authors: Hibatullah Fadhila Azzani , Syam Nur Syarianingsih
Published: August 2024

Background: PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Yogyakarta City has a pharmacy logistics warehouse section / unit that has the task of receiving, storing, distributing, and managing supplies such as drugs, medical devices and other pharmaceutical supplies. The number of employees in the logistic pharmacy warehouse unit is 5 people. There are still some problems owned by employees of pharmaceutical logistics warehouses such as excess working time of about 8 hours in 1 month, double jobs in pharmaceutical engineering personnel in pharmacy warehouses. The purpose of this study is to analyze the workload owned by employees of the pharmacy logistics warehouse of PKU Muhammadiyah City Hospital yogyakarta using the Full Time Equivalent (FTE) method. Method: This research uses a type of qualitative research with a case study approach. The subjects of the interview and observation in this study were employees in a pharmacy logistic warehouse of 5 people. Data collection instruments use observation forms and interview guides, as well as in calculating workloads using the FTE method. Results: Working time is available owned by employees of pharmaceutical logistics warehouses as much as 7 hours per day or 1,918 hours per year. The leeway time on logistic warehouse employees is 30 minutes. All employees except storage and distribution II implementers have an FTE index below 1.00 which is having less workload or underload, while 1 employee implementing storage and distribution II has an FTE index in the range of 1.00-1.28 which means it has a normal workload. Conclusion: Based on FTE calculations, there are 4 employees who have an underload workload with a range of <1.00 and 1 employee has a normal workload by having an FTE index of 1.01.
Hubungan Bauran Pemasaran Dengan Loyalitas Pasien Poliklinik Instalasi Rawat Jalan di RSUD Nyi Ageng Serang Kulon Progo
Authors: Mudayana Ahmad Ahid , Rahmah Nurbaiti
Published: August 2024

Background:  The marketing mix is a solution for patient problems, in obtaining pleasant, comfortable service and good communication from the hospital to customers. Loyalty level that displays the need to have a high sense of loyalty, as well as having a beneficial effect on the healthcare organization. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the marketing mix and patient loyalty in the outpatient installation polyclinic at the Nyi Ageng Serang Kulon Progo Regional General Hospital. Methods: This research is a quantitative research approach cross-sectional. The sample in this study was 110 outpatient polyclinic patients selected by purposive sampling. There search was conducted in June-July 2023 at Nyi Ageng Serang Hospital, Kulon Progo. Data analysis univariate, bivariate and multivariate with Chi Square statistical tests and Multiple Linear Regression statistical tests. Results: The study showed that marketing mix in this hospital could be classified sufficient for product and physical dimension, good for price and promotion, and bad for location, human resource, and process.
Conclusion:  This study concludes that the marketing mix of hospitals in RSUD Nyi Ageng Serang, Kulon Progo for product and physical dimensions is quite sufficient, price and promotion dimensions are good, while for place, people, and process are not good. Therefore, the Hospital, especially the Public Relations and Marketing unit, can optimize various marketing innovations to patients, families, and the community.
Comparison of Self-Care Behavior through Diabetes Self-Care Management Education in Type 2 DM Patients in Urban And Rural
Authors: Rohani Rohani , Handayani Sri , Yusnaini Yusnaini
Published: August 2024

Background: Type 2 diabetes presents a significant global health challenge, with a key focus on patients' self-care behavior as integral to disease management. Empowering individuals through self-care management education is crucial for effective daily health management in Type 2 diabetes. This study aims to analyze the comparison of self-care practices through diabetes self-care management education in Type 2 DM sufferers in urban and rural areas.
Methods: This study employs a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, involving 156 individuals with Type 2 diabetes. The participants are divided into 92 from Kutacane City and 64 from PuloKemiri Village, Babussalam District, Southeast Aceh Regency. Total sampling is utilized, encompassing the entire population based on specified inclusion criteria. The research utilizes the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) and diabetes self-care management educational material (DSME) as instruments, with data analysis conducted through the Independent Sample T-Test.
Results: The research results showed that there were significant differences in self-care practices for Type 2 DM between individuals in urban and rural areas with a t-test value = 2.415 and a p-value of 0.013.
Conclusion: Therefore, it is recommended that health workers adjust educational programs based on differences in needs and access to resources between the two groups.
Analisis Penggunaan Telemedicine Sebagai Pelayanan Kesehatan Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Authors: Navisoh Navisoh , Firman Firman , Utami Fitriana Putri , Hastuti Siti Kurnia Widi , Syam Nur Syarianingsih
Published: August 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought extraordinary changes to healthcare. The government continues to implement policies to prevent the spread of COVID-19, one of which is the recommendation to use telemedicine. Telemedicine is a form of long- distance service using technology as an effort to accelerate increased access and quality of health services. Telemedicine is a new health service innovation at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the use of telemedicine as a health service during the COVID-19 pandemic at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital.
Methods: This research uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach. The research subjects were six informants who were taken through a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was done by means of in-depth interviews.
Results: Access to telemedicine starts with socializing the telemedicine program on social media which explains the flow of telemedicine in accordance with the SOP. The quality of telemedicine is considered good with the existence of infrastructure that supports the telemedicine program, although the opportunities for telemedicine development are said to be not maximized because they do not yet have targets to achieve. The purpose of telemedicine is to assist patients in obtaining health services wherethey cannot visit the hospital directly, the implementation of the telemedicine program has been able to provide quality and satisfying services despite obstacles from staff and patients.
Conclusion: The use of telemedicine at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital is quite good starting from access to services, quality of telemedicine and user satisfaction. But there are still obstacles, namely the lack of human resources, financial unit officers who do not immediately provide confirmation to patients, to problems with patients. So it is hoped that PKU Muhammadiyah YogyakartaHospital can carry out internal monitoring and evaluation of the telemedicine program.
KARAKTERISTIK GEOKIMIA AIRPANAS DAN PERKIRAAN TEMPERATUR BAWAH PERMUKAAN PANAS BUMI DAERAH REATOA KABUPATEN MAROS
Authors: Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Maria Maria , Nainggolan Jefri , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin , Harimei Suprapto Bambang
Published: August 2024

Manifestasi panas bumi berupa mata air panas Reatoa Desa Samaenre, Kecamatan Mallawa, Kabupaten Maros sangat menarik untuk dikaji. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik geokimia air panas dan pendugaan temperatur bawah permukaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian tersebut meliputi studi lapangan, pengambilan sampel air, analisis laboratorium dan interpretasi menggunakan diagram trilinier HCO3- – Cl-– SO42-, diagram trilinier Na – K – Mg, dan diagram trilinier Cl – F – B. Tipe fluida pada daerah tersebut tergolong sebagai bikarbonat (dilute-chloride). Tipe fluida ini terbentuk dari pengenceran air klorida oleh air bikarbonat selama pergerakan lateral. Analisis rasio unsur kimia Na – K – Mg menunjukkan bahwa fluida tersebut termasuk dalam kategori air yang belum matang (immature water) yang telah bercampur dengan air dangkal yang memiliki konsentrasi silika rendah. Konsentrasi Cl yang dominan mengindikasikan bahwa fluida pada mata airpanas ini berasal dari reservoir dalam dan menandakan adanya zona permeabel. Suhu reservoir dengan metode geotermometer kimia Na/K diperkirakan sekitar 137–147 °C dan geotermometer K/Mg menunjukkan suhu berkisar antara 41.30 – 41.57 °C mengindikasikan suhu reservoir ini termasuk dari sistem reservoir bersuhu rendah.
INTEGRASI PEMETAAN ANCAMAN, KERENTANAN, DAN KAPASITAS DALAM KAJIAN RISIKO GEMPABUMI DAN TSUNAMI DI PESAWARAN, LAMPUNG
Authors: Nadzir Zulfikar Adlan , Simarmata Nirmawana , Agustina Lea Kristi , Apriani Mutia Rahma
Published: August 2024

Pesawaran adalah nama dari sebuah kabupaten di Provinsi Lampung. Pada kabupaten ini terdapat sesar lokal dan area pesisir yang berbatasan langsung dengan Selat Sunda, sehingga rawan terjadi gempabumi dan tsunami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko dari gempabumi dan tsunami di Kabupaten Pesawaran menggunakan indeks ancaman, kerentanan, dan kapasitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) untuk pembuatan peta ancaman gempabumi dan perhitungan Hloss untuk pembuatan peta ancaman tsunami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bencana gempabumi Kabupaten Pesawaran memiliki risiko rendah hingga sedang. Tidak ada indeks risiko tinggi gempa bumi di Kabupaten Pesawaran. Hal ini dikarenakan indeks ancaman dan kerentanan berada pada kategori rendah hingga sedang, dan indeks kapasitas berada pada kategori tinggi. Indeks risiko sedang dengan luas terbesar berada di Desa Bogorejo, Gedong Tataan seluas 2.695,02 ha. Sedangkan, untuk bencana tsunami hanya berpotensi di beberapa kelurahan yang terletak di Kecamatan Teluk Pandan, Punduh Pidada, Padang Cermin, dan Marga Punduh. Hampir seluruh wilayah tersebut memiliki indeks ancaman yang tinggi, namun indeks risikonya sebagian besar berada pada kategori rendah hingga sedang, hanya sebagian kecil yang memiliki risiko tinggi tsunami. Hal ini dikarenakan indeks kerentanan berada pada kategori rendah hingga sedang, dan indeks kapasitas berada pada kategori tinggi. Sehingga, meskipun ancaman di wilayah tersebut tinggi, namun risikonya dapat diperkecil  karena minimnya kerentanan ditambah dengan kapasitas yang tinggi. Salah satu wilayah yang memiliki indeks risiko tsunami adalah Desa Persiapan Dantar, Kecamatan Padang Cermin dengan luas sebesar 349,42 ha.
Investigation and Analysis of the Current Status of Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents with Hemophilia in Hubei Province
Authors: Qin Xiuli , Zhang Ai , Zhao Xin , Zhou Ting , Xia Zhili , Yu Genzhen
Published: August 2024

Aims/Background Reliable health-related quality of life data are critical in developing countries, in order to advocate for government agencies to develop national hemophilia care programmes. This study aims to explore the current status and influencing factors of health-related quality of life among adolescents with hemophilia in Hubei Province, so as to provide empirical data for professionals.

Methods A total of 84 children with hemophilia aged 8 to 18, who were registered in Tongji Hemophilia Treatment Center and Hubei Hemophilia Home, were selected using a cluster sampling method. The “General Situation Questionnaire of Hemophiliac Adolescents”, designed by Tongji Hemophilia Treatment Center, and “the Chinese version of Canadian hemophilia outcomes-kid's life assessment tool (CHO-KLAT)”, were used for this study conducted from June 1, 2022 to December 30, 2022.

Results 82 completed questionnaires were included. The average age of the 82 adolescents was 13.04 ± 3.29 years and all were males. Among them, 67 were hemophilia A and 15 were hemophilia B. 61 cases were severe type, 19 were moderate type and 2 cases were mild type. The average total score of the CHO-KLAT for adolescents with hemophilia in Hubei Province was 49.49, which was lower than their counterparts in developed countries. The statistically significant influencing factors included residence, annual family income, and disease type.

Conclusion This study provides empirical data support for the health management of adolescents with hemophilia, highlighting the importance of improving medical resource access, transfusion convenience, and psychological support in enhancing the quality of life for this group. The results emphasize the need for healthcare systems and policymakers to take specific measures to address these factors to improve the treatment and care conditions for adolescents with hemophilia.
Fertilizer application depth and soil water content: Effect on seed plantability of a seeder in direct planting
Authors: Orlando Junior Wilson de Almeida , Correa Kely de Paula , Pacheco Ana Flávia Coelho , Rezende Isabella de Andrade , Teixeira Lucas de Freitas , Fernandes Haroldo Carlos
Published: August 2024

Mechanization is key to increasing efficiency and productivity in agriculture. Therefore, it is important to understand these machines and their operating conditions to assess whether the quality of equipment operation has been satisfactory. Furthermore, planting windows have become increasingly narrower; therefore, an efficient planting operation is essential to ensure uniform stands with high yields. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of three soil water contents (28.7; 36.4 and 47.6%) and three fertilizer application depths (6.3; 11.3 and 14.8 cm) on the seed plantability of a direct planting machine. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot randomized block design, with three replications. The water contents were assigned to the plots and the fertilizer depths to the subplots.
Maximus and the Value of Free Will: Differentiating between Volition and Active Choice
Authors: Montague Chase
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: This article compares modern free-will approaches to evil with the value Maxi-mus the Confessor (580–662 ce) places on desire and volition over mere choice. The modern free-will response is limited to morally significant choices between opposites without external influence, which fails to consider the intricacies of the will and desire and misses the value of a thorough Christian view of free will. Maximus offers a superior theological stance that is philosophically sensitive to freedom's primordial, present, and eschatological intent. Maximian terms, such as thelēma, gnōmē, logos , and tropos , suggest a different interpretation of free will and choice, one that considers God's will and humanity's desire for theosis . Through the Incarnation, free will can be virtuously and eschatologically transformed without being destroyed. Maximus argues for one proper object desire that excludes all others—Godself—and which manifests in the Incarnation, habitual virtue, and their capacity to remake the will.
The "Religious Problem" and the Public Presence of the Orthodox Church in Interwar Romania
Authors: Pacurar Gheorghe Gelu
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: This article examines the public presence of the Orthodox Church in Romania during the 1920s and considers the responses given by the Orthodox Church of Transylvania, a branch of Romanian Orthodoxy, to the challenges faced by postwar Romanian society. The article approaches this encounter from the point of view of the Orthodox articulation of the public role of the Church. By examining the legal and pastoral discourse of the Transylvanian Orthodox Church, it argues that its clergy and laity saw themselves as religious actors inspired by democratic ideals originating in the Christian Gospel. The article suggests that the Orthodox efforts to respond to the postwar moral crisis from the perspective of a democratic ecclesiology and liberal notion of religion challenge the monolithic and nationalistic view of interwar Romanian Orthodoxy.
Tropical cyclone FANTALA’s three turnbacks in the northeast of Madagascar Island
Authors: Zhang Liqiong , Sun Kequ , Zhu Yulin , Cao Yuhan , Feng Qi , Zhou Yaoyao , LÜ Haibin
Published: August 2024

The unique Tropical cyclone (TC) Fantala appeared in the central Indian Ocean (12.4°S, 73.5°E) at 00Z on April 11 in 2016 and moved northwestward along the northeast of Madagascar at 18 Z on April 15. Then, two incomprehensible turnbacks formed a unique TC track. The dynamic mechanisms of the three turnbacks were first studied based on remote sensing and multisource reanalysis data. The results reveal that the wind field with upper divergence and lower convergence promotes the development of Fantala. The anticyclone high pressure on the middle level atmosphere is an important factor for TC turnbacks. On 15 April, the TC made the first turnback to turn northwest due to the southward anticyclone weakened to moving northwest. On 18 April, the TC made the second turnback along the anticyclone edge due to the northern high-pressure and southern low-pressure trough. On 22 April, the TC made the third turnback because the anticyclonic high press center broke into two small independent anticyclonic centers in the southwest and northeast, which created a barrier band and pushed the northern TC to move to the northwest. Meanwhile, the vertical wind shear (VWS) also provides favorable conditions for TC turnbacks. On April 18, the middle atmosphere of the TC was affected by strong easterly shear and weak southerly shear, and the second turnback was completed. On April 22, the middle level environment was affected by strong westerly shear and weak north shear, and the third turnback was completed. Additionally, heat transport from the ocean to the atmosphere provides favorable conditions for TC development. On April 18, The maximum mean latent heat flux over northeastern Madagascar was 112.94 W/m2, Tropical Cyclone Heat Potential was 39.05 kJ/cm2, and the maximum wind speed at the center of the TC was 155 kts. On April 22, The heat transfer from the equator increased by 18.08 W/m2 compared with the latent heat on 21 April, the Tropical Cyclone Heat Potential was 33.30 kJ/cm2, the maximum wind speed in the TC center was 90 kts, the high PV centerspread down from 850 mb to 900 mb. This study deepens the understanding of track forecasting during the development of a TC.
Placebo and nocebo interventions impact perceived but not actual proprioceptive accuracy
Authors: Horváth Áron , Aranyosy Blanka , Drozdovszky Orsolya , Szabo Attila , Köteles Ferenc
Published: August 2024

Changes in performance caused by positive and negative expectations (i.e., placebo and nocebo responses) were found to play an important role in many aspects of motor performance. This study aimed to test the impact of placebo/nocebo responses and the assumed moderating role of dispositional optimism and anxiety on proprioceptive accuracy, an essential aspect of motor functions. 78 undergraduate university students completed questionnaires assessing dispositional optimism, state anxiety, and motivation to cooperate, then were randomly assigned to three experimental groups. A sham subliminal electric stimulation was applied with claimed positive (placebo group, n = 26), negative (nocebo group, n = 26) or neutral (control group, n = 26) impact on proprioceptive accuracy. Proprioceptive accuracy was measured with active and passive versions of the Joint Position Reproduction task before and after the intervention. Expected and perceived changes in performance were also assessed; changes in state anxiety, optimism, and motivation to cooperate were used as control variables (covariates). Mixed analyses of variance indicated that the experimental manipulation did not affect actual proprioceptive accuracy but impacted expected and perceived performance. Adding the covariates to the models did not substantially change the results. Further, no significant association emerged between actual and perceived change in performance in the active test, and only a weak correlation was found in the passive test. Expected performance did not predict actual performance but predicted perceived performance in both tasks. The results suggest that only perceived (subjective) aspects of proprioceptive accuracy are susceptible to placebo and nocebo interventions.
Postoperative radiotherapy for completely resected thymoma and thymic carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: He Tianyu , Yao Jiacheng , Chen Jun , Liu Tingting , Dang Jun
Published: August 2024

Background

The role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) after complete tumor resection in patients with thymoma or thymic carcinoma remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to identify groups that would benefit from PORT.

Methods

Multiple scientific databases were systematically searched for studies comparing overall survival (OS) and/or disease-free survival (DFS) between PORT and surgery alone in patients with completely resected thymomas or thymic carcinomas until April 10, 2024. A random-effects model was used for the statistical analysis.

Results

A total of 31 studies with 10543 patients were included (17 studies involving 4763 patients with thymoma, seven studies involving 1045 patients with thymic carcinoma, and seven studies involving 4735 patients with mixed histological types). Notably, PORT significantly prolonged OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59–0.91) and DFS (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.43–0.89). Similar results were also observed when the multivariate-adjusted HRs were used as the measure of effect (OS: HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.83; DFS: HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.29–0.79). In subgroup analyses, PORT was associated with a longer OS and DFS for thymoma (HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.56–0.96 and HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46–0.93), thymic carcinoma (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.49–1.07 and HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.19–0.77), and stage 3–4 disease (HR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.34–0.74 and HR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.27–0.70), but not for stage 2 disease (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.55–1.19 and HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.51–1.83).

Conclusions

PORT is likely to improve OS and DFS in patients with completely resected stage 3–4 thymoma or thymic carcinoma; however, the value of PORT for stage 2 disease requires further evaluation in large-scale studies.
COVID-19 vaccination intention among internally displaced persons in complex humanitarian emergency context, Northeast Nigeria
Authors: Gidado Saheed , Musa Melton , Ba’aba Ahmed Ibrahim , Okeke Lilian Akudo , Nguku Patrick M. , Hassan Isa Ali , Bande Ibrahim Muhammad , Usman Rabi , Ugbenyo Gideon , Hadejia Idris Suleman , Nuorti J. Pekka , Atkins Salla
Published: August 2024

Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are at high risk for COVID-19 transmission because of congested and unsanitary living conditions. COVID-19 vaccination is essential to build population immunity and prevent severe disease among this population. We determined the prevalence and factors associated with intention to accept COVID-19 vaccine among IDPs in Northeast Nigeria. This cross-sectional study, conducted during July–December 2022, included 1,537 unvaccinated IDPs from 18 IDPs camps. We performed a complex sample survey analysis and described participants’ characteristics and vaccination intention with weighted descriptive statistics. We fitted weighted logistic regression models and computed adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals to identify factors associated with intention to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Of 1,537 IDPs, 55.4% were 18–39 years old, 82.6% were females, and 88.6% had no formal education. Among them, 63.5% (95% CI: 59.0–68.1) expressed intention to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Among the IDPs who intended to reject vaccine, 42.8% provided no reason, 35.3% had COVID-19 misconceptions, 9.5% reported vaccine safety concerns, and 7.4% felt no need. IDPs who perceived COVID-19 as severe (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.31, [95% CI: 1.35–3.96]), perceived COVID-19 vaccine as effective (AOR = 4.28, [95% CI: 2.46–7.44]) and resided in official camps (AOR = 3.29, [95% CI: 1.94–5.56]) were more likely to accept COVID-19 vaccine. However, IDPs who resided 2 kilometers or farther from the nearest health facility (AOR = 0.34, [95% CI: 0.20–0.58]) were less likely to accept vaccine. Intention to accept COVID-19 vaccine among the IDPs was suboptimal. To improve vaccination acceptance among this population, health education and risk communication should be intensified to counter misinformation, strengthen vaccine confidence, and shape perception of COVID-19 severity, focusing on IDPs in unofficial camps. Appropriate interventions to deliver vaccines to remote households should be ramped up.
Can internet use promote farmers to adopt chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement technology in China?—an empirical analysis based on endogenous switching probit model
Authors: Ma Zhifei , Huang Huan , Zhang Xiangmin , Qin Dongxue , Li Xiaodi
Published: August 2024

This study examines the impact of internet usage on farmer’s adoption behavior of fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement technologies in China. Based on 1,295 questionnaires in Henan Province, this study constructs a counterfactual analysis framework and used endogenous switching probit model to analyze the effects and pathways of internet usage on farmer’s adoption behavior of chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement technologies. The results indicate that. (1) The proportion of farmers adopting chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement technologies is 60.15%, while the proportion of farmers not adopting these technologies is 39.85%. (2) Internet usage directly influences farmers’ adoption of fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement technologies. According to counterfactual assumption analysis, if farmers who currently use the Internet were to stop using it, the probability of them adopting these technologies would decrease by 28.09%. Conversely, for farmers who do not currently use the Internet, if they were to start using it, the probability of them adopting fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement technologies would increase by 40.67%. (3) Internet usage indirectly influences farmers’ adoption behavior through mediating pathways of expected benefits and risk perception. In addition, social networks negatively moderate the impact of internet usage on farmers’ behavior of chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement technologies.
Joint-outcome prediction markets for climate risks
Authors: Roulston Mark S. , Kaivanto Kim
Published: August 2024

Predicting future climate requires the integration of knowledge and expertise from a wide range of disciplines. Predictions must account for climate-change mitigation policies which may depend on climate predictions. This interdependency, or “circularity”, means that climate predictions must be conditioned on emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Long-range forecasts also suffer from information asymmetry because users cannot use track records to judge the skill of providers. The problems of aggregation, circularity, and information asymmetry can be addressed using prediction markets with joint-outcome spaces, allowing simultaneous forecasts of GHG concentrations and temperature. The viability of prediction markets with highly granular, joint-outcome spaces was tested with markets for monthly UK rainfall and temperature. The experiments demonstrate these markets can aggregate the judgments of experts with relevant expertise, and suggest similarly structured markets, with longer horizons, could provide a mechanism to produce credible forecasts of climate-related risks for policy making, planning, and risk disclosure.
Cell migration and proliferation capacity of IPEC-J2 cells after short-chain fatty acid exposure
Authors: Van Bockstal Lieselotte , Prims Sara , Van Cruchten Steven , Ayuso Miriam , Che Lianqiang , Van Ginneken Chris
Published: August 2024

Novel antimicrobial strategies are necessary to tackle using antibiotics during the suckling and weaning period of piglets, often characterized by E. coli-induced diarrhea. In the last decades, acetate, propionate, and butyrate, all short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have been proposed as an alternative to antibiotics. SCFAs are instrumental in promoting the proliferation of enterocytes, preserving intestinal integrity, and modulating the microbial community by suppressing the growth of pathogenic bacteria in pigs. The effect of individual SCFAs (proprionate, acetate and butyrate) on the regenerative capacity of intestinal cells was investigated via an optimized wound-healing assay in IPEC-J2 cells, a porcine jejunal epithelial cell line. IPEC-J2 cells proved a good model as they express the free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), an important SCFA receptor with a high affinity for proprionate. Our study demonstrated that propionate (p = 0.005) and acetate (p = 0.037) were more effective in closing the wound than butyrate (p = 0.190). This holds promise in using SCFA’s per os as an alternative to antibiotics.
The Art of Ectoplasm: Encounters with Winnipeg’s Ghost Photographs, Serena Keshavjee (ed.)
Authors: Kaplan Louis
Published: August 2024

Review of: The Art of Ectoplasm: Encounters with Winnipeg’s Ghost Photographs, Serena Keshavjee (ed.)

Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press (2023), 288 pp., p/bk,

ISBN: 978-1-7728-4037-7, CAD$34.95
An Efficient One Pot Synthesis and Biological Activities of 6H-Indolo[2,3-b]quinoxalines Promoted by Palladium Acetate as Catalyst
Authors: Durgarao B.V. , Sirisha D.V.L. , Apparao K. , Narasingrao V. , Balageeta K. , Rao N. Krishna
Published: August 2024

A multi-component one pot protocol for the synthesis of quinoxalines derivatives by condensation reaction of substituted isatin with substituted o-phenylene diamine in presence palladium acetate as catalyst in strong base such as triphenylphosphine under conventional method has been reported. The molecular structures of the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and LCMS spectral data. The presented method is mild, inexpensive, highly atom economy and easy work up to give the products in good to excellent yields. All the synthesized compounds were also evaluated for in vitro antibacterial assay against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-positive (Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis) and fungi (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans) pathogenic bacteria in comparison to the standards streptomycin and fluconazole.
Dual Tumor Targeting Ability of Fatty Acyl (Amide) Amino Acid Alkyl Ester Conjugates : In vitro Cytotoxicity and DNA Cleavage based Bioactivity
Authors: Shinde Mayuresh , Patil Shitalkumar , Bhatia Neela , Bhatia Manish
Published: August 2024

In this work, the bioactivity of fatty acyl (amide) amino acid alkyl esters through cytotoxicity and DNA cleavage properties were assessed. The synthetic method utilized HBTU-catalyzed amide formation between the carboxyl group of stearic acid and linoleic acid and the amine group in L-glutamic acid dimethyl ester and L-methionine methyl ester. The conjugates were elucidated using FTIR, NMR and mass and evaluated for cytotoxicity (COLO-205, A549 cell lines). Conjugates 10a-c exhibited selective growth inhibitory effects on cancer cell lines, while no impact was detected on normal cells. Overall, there was a significant reduction in the proliferation of human colorectal (COLO-205) and lung cancer (A549) cancer cells. Conjugates 10a-c also exhibited favourable cytocompatibility on normal murine fibroblast (L929) cells. Conjugate 10c showed promiscuous in vitro cytotoxicity against colorectal (COLO-205) and lung (A549) cancer cells compared to conjugates 10a and 10b.
Analisis Hubungan Eosinopenia Terhadap Derajat Keparahan Infeksi COVID-19: Studi Cross-Sectional di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Moewardi Surakarta
Authors: Kesit Johan Wijaya , Harsono Ganung , Moelyo Annang Giri
Published: August 2024

Latar belakang. Luaran klinis infeksi COVID-19 pada anak baik tetapi angka kematian COVID-19 masih tinggi. Identifikasi derajat keparahan sedini mungkin dapat memberikan luaran klinis yang baik. Beberapa penanda inflamasi pada kasus COVID-19 salah satunya didapatkan eosinopenia. Tetapi hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian tentang hubungan antara eosinopenia terhadap derajat keparahan infeksi COVID-19 pada anak.Tujuan. Menganalisis hubungan eosinopenia terhadap derajat keparahan infeksi COVID-19 pada anak. Metode. Studi cross sectional observasional analitik, data sekunder retrospektif, diambil dari rekam medis pasien usia 0-<18 tahun terkonfirmasi COVID-19 derajat ringan, sedang, berat dan kritis, yang dirawat diruang isolasi RSUD Dr. Moewardi Jawa Tengah sejak 1 Januari 2022 – 31 Desember 2022 didapatkan 268 subyek penelitian. Analisis statistik SPSS 22 dengan Uji Chi square dan nilai p<0,05 signifikan.Hasil. Dari 268 subyek, kelompok eosinopenia 168 (62,6%) anak dan non eosinopenia 100 (37,4%) anak. Kasus severe (derajat berat dan kritis) 160 (95,2%) anak dan kasus non severe (derajat ringan dan sedang) 8 (4,7%) anak pada kelompok eosinopenia. Ada korelasi bermakna antara eosinopenia terhadap derajat keparahan infeksi COVID-19 kasus severe (p<0,001) dengan nilai duga positif (NDP) 95,2% dan nilai duga negatif (NDN) 87%.Kesimpulan. Eosinopenia dapat memprediksi derajat keparahan infeksi COVID-19 pada anak.
Efektivitas Pemberian Makan Dini pada Anak dengan Pankreatitis Akut
Authors: Oswari Hanifah , Rachmajati Arinurtia
Published: August 2024

Pemberian makan dini dalam 24 jam pertama perawatan masih mungkin mempersingkat lama rawat.