bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial, Antiinflammatory and Analgesic Activity of Novel Isoxazolyl Pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolines and Isoxazolyl Chromeno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Rajanarendar E. , Reddy M. Nagi , Krishna S. Rama , Murthy K. Rama , Reddy Y. N. , Rajam M. V.
Published: August 2013

Two novel series of isoxazolyl‐substituted chromenopyrimidinones (VIII) and (XII) are synthesized from isoxazolyl cyanoacetamide synthon (I).
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis and Chemoselective Reactions of Dihydrothiouracils.
Authors: Kumar Varun , Khatik Gopal L. , Pal Anang , Praneeth Mohan R. , Bhattarai Sanjay , Nair Vipin A.
Published: August 2013

Applying an alternate procedure for the synthesis of thioureido acid furnishes the desired acids (III) in high yields by condensation of aryl isothiocyanates (I) with amino esters (II) and subsequent hydrolysis.
ChemInform Abstract: C—H Bond Functionalization under Metalation—Deprotonation Process: Regioselective Direct Arylation of 3‐Aminoimidazo[1,2‐a]pyrazine.
Authors: Guchhait Sankar K. , Kandekar Somnath , Kashyap Maneesh , Taxak Nikhil , Bharatam Prasad V.
Published: August 2013

Pd(OAc)2/ PPh3/ PivOH‐mediated treatment of 3‐aminoimidazopyrazines with aryl bromides provides a new and regioselective approach to C6‐arylated derivatives which are of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Design and Biological Evaluation of Novel Highly Potent Tacrine Congeners for the Treatment of Alzheimer′s Disease.
Authors: Hamulakova Slavka , Janovec Ladislav , Hrabinova Martina , Kristian Pavol , Kuca Kamil , Banasova Maria , Imrich Jan
Published: August 2013

Among all the tacrine congeners synthesized, derivative (III) shows the best activity and selectivity against hAChE and derivative (Id) against hBChE.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of 2‐Iminooxazinones from Dioxinones and Carbodiimides.
Authors: Johnston Jeffrey R. , West F. G.
Published: August 2013

The title compounds are prepared via cycloaddition of thermally generated acylketenes with carbodiimides.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Oxo‐3‐thia‐2‐azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐5‐en‐2‐carboxylates: The First Isolation and Characterization.
Authors: Guideri Luca , Ponticelli Fabio
Published: August 2013

The isolation of the instable title compounds is achieved using 0.25 equiv.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of 3,7‐Diaryl‐1,4‐dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1‐c][1,2,4]triazines.
Authors: Aiwale Sachin T. , Dallavalle Sabrina
Published: August 2013

Starting from 1,2,4‐triazole as the precursor of dibromide (I), a convenient synthesis of triazolotriazine systems is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: The Asymmetric Syntheses of Methyl D‐Digitoxoside (V)/(VI), L‐Oleandrose (X) and L‐Cymarose (XI)/(XII) from Methyl Sorbate, an Achiral Precursor.
Authors: Ono Machiko , Zhao Xi Ying , Kato Keisuke , Akita Hiroyuki
Published: August 2013

Asymmetric syntheses of the title carbohydrates (mixtures of pyranoside and furanoside forms in some cases) starting from osmundolactone (I), derived from methyl sorbate, are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Glycosylations by Nitrosyl Tetrafluoroborate‐Catalyzed Activation of Glycosyl Trichloroacetimidate Derivatives.
Authors: Sau Abhijit , Santra Abhishek , Misra Anup Kumar
Published: August 2013

The activation of glycosyl trichloroacetimidates by nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate provides an alternative to existing protocols for the activation of these compounds in multistep oligosaccharide synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure—Activity Relationship Studies of Natural Product Chemokine Receptor CCR5 Antagonist Anibamine Toward the Development of Novel anti Prostate Cancer Agents.
Authors: Zhang Feng , Arnatt Christopher K. , Haney Kendra M. , Fang Harrison C. , Bajacan John E. , Richardson Amanda C. , Ware Joy L. , Zhang Yan
Published: August 2013

Design, syntheses, and anti prostate cancer activities of new anibamine analogues (I) and (II) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Antifungal and Cytotoxic C‐Methylated Flavone Glycoside from Picea neoveitchii.
Authors: Chen Wei‐Quan , Song Zhi‐Jun , Xu Han‐Hong
Published: August 2013

Compound (I) is isolated from the twigs and leaves of Picea neoveitchii Mast together with eight known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Phenolic Compounds as Antiangiogenic CMG2 Inhibitors from Costa Rican Endophytic Fungi.
Authors: Cao Shugeng , Cryan Lorna , Habeshian Kaiane A. , Murillo Catalina , Tamayo‐Castillo Giselle , Rogers Michael S. , Clardy Jon
Published: August 2013

The new compounds (I) as well as one known compound are isolated from the endophytic fungus Coccomyces proteae from a Costa Rican rain forest.
ChemInform Abstract: Layered Metal Sulfides Capture Uranium from Seawater.
Authors: Manos Manolis J. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G.
Published: August 2013

K2MnSn2S6 exhibits a remarkably high exchange capacity, affinity, and selectivity for UO22+ ions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel N‐Acyl Substituted Quinolin‐2(1H)‐one Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents.
Authors: Liu Hong‐Bin , Tang Hui , Yang Dan , Deng Qiao , Yuan Lv‐Jiang , Ji Qing‐Gang
Published: August 2013

A series of 13 title compounds of type (I) are prepared and tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of Liver Selective Non‐Steroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist as Novel Antidiabetic Agents.
Authors: Shah Kiran , Patel Dipam , Jadav Pradip , Sheikh Mubeen , Sairam Kalapatapu V. V. M. , Joharapurkar Amit , Jain Mukul R. , Bahekar Rajesh
Published: August 2013

A series of tertiary amino compounds of type (I) is prepared as non‐steroidal GR antagonists.
ChemInform Abstract: Influence of Long‐Range Atomic Order on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Ni—Mn—Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys
Authors: Sanchez‐Alarcos V. , Perez‐Landazabal J. I. , Recarte V.
Published: August 2013

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Geometric Frustration in Itinerant Electron Magnets
Authors: Nakamura H. , Terazawa S. , Waki T. , Tabata Y. , Koyama T. , Kohara T.
Published: August 2013

Review: 18 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Kondo Resonance in Magnetic and Non‐Magnetic Ce‐Intermetallics
Authors: Maiti Kalobaran , Patil Swapnil , Sampathkumaran E. V.
Published: August 2013

Review: 26 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Overview on Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamic Modeling in Multicomponent Al Alloys: Focusing on the Al‐Cu‐Fe‐Mg‐Mn‐Ni‐Si‐Zn System
Authors: Du Yong , Liu Shuhong , Zhang Lijun , Xu Honghui , Zhao Dongdong , Wang Aijun , Zhou Liangcai
Published: August 2013

Review: 143 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy in Solid Parahydrogen: A Primer
Authors: Fajardo Mario E.
Published: August 2013

Review: 89 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Solid Mine Waste: Essential Knowledge for Predicting Environmental Impact
Authors: Jamieson Heather E.
Published: August 2013

Review: 31 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Surface Modification of Light Alloys by Low‐energy High‐current Pulsed Electron Beam
Authors: Zhang X. D. , Hao S. Z. , Grosdidier T. , Zou J. X. , Gao B. , Bolle B. , Allain‐Bonasso N. , Qin Y. , Li X. N. , Dong C.
Published: August 2013

Review: 46 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structures of Hafnium(IV) and Zirconium(IV) Complexes with β‐Diketones
Authors: Zherikova K. V. , Morozova N. B.
Published: August 2013

Review: 28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Carbocyclization of Nitrogen and Oxygen‐Tethered 1,n‐Enynes and Diynes: Synthesis of Five or Six‐Membered Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Zhang Di‐Han , Zhang Zhen , Shi Min
Published: August 2013

Review: 228 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: CH Bond Functionalization: Emerging Synthetic Tools for Natural Products and Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Yamaguchi Junichiro , Yamaguchi Atsushi D. , Itami Kenichiro
Published: August 2013

Review: <300 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Activity of Pentafluorosulfanyl (SF5) Organic Molecules
Authors: Altomonte Stefano , Zanda Matteo
Published: August 2013

Review: literature published after 2000; 122 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cooperative Bimetallic Catalysis in Asymmetric Transformations
Authors: Park Jongwoo , Hong Sukwon
Published: August 2013

Review: 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Native Peptide Ligation Strategies for Total Chemical Protein Synthesis
Authors: Raibaut Laurent , Ollivier Nathalie , Melnyk Oleg
Published: August 2013

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Transition Metal Complexes for Catalysis in Aqueous Media
Authors: Diaz Velazquez Heriberto , Verpoort Francis
Published: August 2013

Review: about 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Domain Wall Motion by Spin Transfer
Authors: Grollier J. , Chanthbouala A. , Matsumoto R. , Anane A. , Cros V. , Nguyen van Dau F. , Fert A.
Published: August 2013

Review: 66 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Spin Entanglement in Supramolecular Systems
Authors: Lorusso G. , Troiani F. , Bellini V. , Ghirri A. , Candini A. , Carretta S. , Santini P. , Amoretti G. , Wernsdorfer W. , Timco G. , et al. et al.
Published: August 2013

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembled Monolayers as Dynamic Model Substrates for Cell Biology
Authors: Pulsipher Abigail , Yousaf Muhammad N.
Published: August 2013

Review: 172 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III) Selective Molecular and Supramolecular Fluorescent Probes
Authors: Sahoo Suban K. , Sharma Darshna , Bera Rati Kanta , Crisponi Guido , Callan John F.
Published: August 2013

Review: ca. 200 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Combustion ‐ 4000 h of Operational Experience
Authors: Lyngfelt A.
Published: August 2013

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical Aspects of Organoselenium Chemistry
Authors: Sunoj Raghavan B.
Published: August 2013

Review: 154 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecularly‐Mediated Assemblies of Plasmonic Nanoparticles for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Applications
Authors: Guerrini Luca , Graham Duncan
Published: August 2013

Review: 217 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Accurate Use of Impedance Analysis for the Study of Microbial Electrochemical Systems
Authors: Dominguez‐Benetton Xochitl , Sevda Surajbhan , Vanbroekhoven Karolien , Pant Deepak
Published: August 2013

Review: 203 refs.
Support vector machines combined to observers for fault diagnosis in chemical reactors
Authors: Sheibat‐Othman Nida , Laouti Nassim , Valour Jean‐Pierre , Othman Sami
Published: August 2013

A hybrid data/model‐based approach is proposed for fault detection and isolation for chemical reactions in jacketed stirred vessels. Using data‐based methods in high nonlinear systems requires training data to include a wide range of varying operations to ensure correct fault isolation. If such data is not available, a model‐based approach can be used to enhance fault isolation. But, observers require a relatively precise process model, which is also not always available. In this work, we propose to combine an observer with statistical data‐based methods (support vector machines, SVM) for fault detection in order to avoid at the time precise process modelling (necessary for model‐based approach) and great number of training data (necessary for data‐based approach). An interesting case study that falls in this category is a chemical stirred tank reactor, with high nonlinear reactions. Therefore, a simplified process model is used as a starting point to develop an observer for fault isolation. The used process model is corrected using information from SVM when no fault is detected. The methodology is validated experimentally in lab‐scale and pilot‐scale polymerisation reactors. For processes with linear dynamics, model‐free SVM classification was found sufficient to detect and isolate sensor and actuator faults.
Doubly spread preamble sequence for timing acquisition in ultra‐wideband communications
Authors: Jung Sung‐Yoon
Published: August 2013

We propose a new preamble that can reduce the performance degradation because of the diminishing of operational complexity in coarse timing acquisition. The reduced‐complexity acquisition algorithm uses a received preamble that has been shortened by summing its elements group‐by‐group. Therefore, the performance deteriorates because it loses the impulsive autocorrelation property of the preamble after summation and correlation. In this paper, we design a preamble sequence with a sliding correlator output function that shows a distinct peak at zero delay and symmetry even after summation based on a flipping and doubly spreading concept. By comparing with other preamble sequences, we prove that the proposed preamble shows better timing acquisition performance in ultra‐wideband channel environment.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytopathologic characteristics and differential diagnostic considerations of osteolytic myxopapillary ependymoma
Authors: Hayashi Toshitetsu , Haba Reiji , Kushida Yoshio , Kadota Kyuichi , Katsuki Naomi , Bando Kenji , Shibuya Shinsuke , Matsunaga Toru
Published: August 2013

Myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) is a rare variant of conventional ependymoma found predominantly in the sacrococcygeal region in young adults and characterized by its distinct epithelial and stromal components (WHO grade I designation). MPE with extensive osteolysis is extremely uncommon and only up to 40 cases have been documented. A case is presented here in which imprint smears of a sacral tumor in an 18‐year‐old man revealed complex papillary structures, small loose clusters, or cord‐like structures of bland tumor cells embedded in a myxoid or mucinous background. The tumor cells possessed uniformly round nuclei with a smooth nuclear outline, fine granular chromatin, and small nucleoli. Slender cytoplasmic fibrillary processes and occasional intracytoplasmic vacuoles were observed. A cytologic diagnosis of a MPE was suggested and histochemical and immunohistochemical studies were conducted on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded material. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed diffuse and strong membranous and cytoplasmic staining for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, glial fibrillary protein, and S‐100 protein, but negative for epithelial membrane antigen, pan‐neuroendocrine markers (i.e., NSE, chromogranin A, synaptophysin), or brachyury. The proliferative index with MIB‐1 was around 10%. The diagnosis of osteolytic MPE was confirmed based on cytopathologic, histopathological, immunohistochemical results, radiologic findings, and the location of the tumor. We demonstrated here the cytopathological features of osteolytic MPE with emphasis on differential diagnostic considerations. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42:778–783. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vertebrate whole‐body‐action asymmetries and the evolution of right handedness: A comparison between humans and marine mammals
Authors: MacNeilage Peter F.
Published: August 2013

As part of a vertebrate‐wide trend toward left brain/right side asymmetries in routine whole‐body actions, marine mammals show signs of rightward appendage‐use biases, and short‐ and long‐term turning asymmetries most of which are unique in non‐humans in being just as strong as right handedness, and even stronger than human handedness‐related turning biases. Short‐term marine mammal turning asymmetries and human about‐turning asymmetries share a leading right side, suggesting a commonality in left hemisphere intentional control. The long‐term leftward turning bias that both groups share may be an indirect result of both sensory and motor influences on the right side in dolphins, but be induced by a right‐hemisphere‐controlled spatial/attentional bias to the left in humans. Marine mammals may share, with humans and other higher primates, a left hemisphere specialization for action dynamics, although evidence is currently lacking for human‐like right hemisphere specializations relevant to action in other vertebrates. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 577–587, 2013.
Weaknesses in Semantic, Syntactic and Oral Language Expression Contribute to Reading Difficulties in Chinese Dyslexic Children
Authors: Xiao Xiao‐Yun , Ho Connie Suk‐Han
Published: August 2013

The present study examined the role of weaknesses in some language skills for the reading difficulties among Chinese dyslexic children. Thirty Chinese dyslexic children were compared with 30 chronological age (CA) controls and 30 reading‐level (RL) controls on a number of language and reading measures. The results showed that Chinese dyslexic children performed significantly worse than the CA controls but similarly to the RL controls in many of the linguistic measures except that the dyslexic group also performed significantly less well than the RL group in semantic skills and syntactic skills on multiple modifiers. The dyslexic children were found to have difficulties in semantic processing, syntactic skills and oral language expression as compared with the CA controls, which were also found to predict their performance in word recognition and/or sentence comprehension. In addition, measures of semantic discrimination, advanced syntactic word order, and oral narrative also significantly predicted the group membership of having or not having dyslexia. These findings suggest that weaknesses in some semantic and advanced syntactic skills are the potential source of poor word and sentence reading in Chinese developmental dyslexia. Implications of the present findings for the identification of dyslexia were discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Local differentiation amidst extensive allele sharing in Oryza nivara and O. rufipogon
Authors: Banaticla‐Hilario Maria Celeste N. , van den Berg Ronald G. , Hamilton Nigel Ruaraidh Sackville , McNally Kenneth L.
Published: August 2013

Genetic variation patterns within and between species may change along geographic gradients and at different spatial scales. This was revealed by microsatellite data at 29 loci obtained from 119 accessions of three Oryza series Sativae species in Asia Pacific: Oryza nivara Sharma and Shastry, O. rufipogon Griff., and O. meridionalis Ng. Genetic similarities between O. nivara and O. rufipogon across their distribution are evident in the clustering and ordination results and in the large proportion of shared alleles between these taxa. However, local‐level species separation is recognized by Bayesian clustering and neighbor‐joining analyses. At the regional scale, the two species seem more differentiated in South Asia than in Southeast Asia as revealed by FST analysis. The presence of strong gene flow barriers in smaller spatial units is also suggested in the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) results where 64% of the genetic variation is contained among populations (as compared to 26% within populations and 10% among species). Oryza nivara (HE = 0.67) exhibits slightly lower diversity and greater population differentiation than O. rufipogon (HE = 0.70). Bayesian inference identified four, and at a finer structural level eight, genetically distinct population groups that correspond to geographic populations within the three taxa. Oryza meridionalis and the Nepalese O. nivara seemed diverged from all the population groups of the series, whereas the Australasian O. rufipogon appeared distinct from the rest of the species.
The Intricate Chemistry of Cobalt(II) Halides and Bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ethane
Authors: Kiefer Gregor , Vrubel Heron , Scopelliti Rosario , Severin Kay
Published: August 2013

Phosphane complexes of the putative formula [CoX2(dppe)] [X = Cl, Br, I; dppe = bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ethane] are frequently used catalyst precursors in cobalt‐catalyzed reactions. Despite their widespread use, these complexes have not been structurally characterized. We demonstrate that synthetic procedures for [CoX2(dppe)] afford complexes of the formula [Co4X8(dppe)5] instead. Crystallographic analyses of these complexes reveal an ionic structure with pentacoordinate [CoX(dppe)2]+ cations and a dinuclear [Co2X6(dppe)]2– anion. The bromido and iodido complexes crystallize in two forms, which differ in the geometry of the cation (square‐pyramidal vs trigonal‐bipyramidal).
Synthesis, Structural, and Photophysical Properties of the First Member of the Class of Pyrene‐Based [4]Helicenes
Authors: Hu Jian‐Yong , Feng Xing , Paudel Arjun , Tomiyasu Hirotsugu , Rayhan Ummey , Thuéry Pierre , Elsegood Mark R. J. , Redshaw Carl , Yamato Takehiko
Published: August 2013

A convenient route to a new class of pyrene‐based [4]helicenes is presented. Wittig reaction of 7‐tert‐butyl‐1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐formylpyrene with benzyltriphenylphosphonium salts in the presence of nBuLi afforded 7‐tert‐butyl‐1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐(phenylethenyl)pyrenes, from which 4,5‐naphthalene annulated aromatic [4]helicenes, namely 7‐tert‐butyl‐1,3‐dimethyl‐13‐methoxydibenzo[ij,no]tetraphene and 7‐tert‐butyl‐1,3,12,14‐tetramethyldibenzo[ij,no]tetraphene, were obtained by photoinduced intramolecular cyclization. The chemical structures of these [4]helicenes were determined on the basis of their elemental analyses and spectroscopic data. The helicity in the synthesized [4]helicene induced by the presence of the second methyl group in the fjord region is discussed in detail. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of these newly developed [4]helicenes were fully investigated by UV/Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectrphotometry, and cyclic voltammetry (CV), and the crystal structures were determined for two examples.
The Mechanism of Hydrolysis of Aryldiazonium Ions Revisited: Marcus Theory vs. Canonical Variational Transition State Theory
Authors: García Martínez Antonio , de la Moya Cerero Santiago , Osío Barcina José , Moreno Jiménez Florencio , Lora Maroto Beatriz
Published: August 2013

Several models, theoretical levels and computational methods, all based on the canonical variational transition state approximation, have been used to predict both the experimental activation energies (ΔEexp≠) and the experimental activation free energies (ΔGexp≠) for the hydrolysis of aryldiazonium ions. It is demonstrated that the computation of activation energies (ΔE≠), instead of activation free energies (ΔG≠), agrees better with the corresponding experimental data, showing that the employed computational methods do not afford reliable entropic contributions to the free energy barriers in the case of the studied reaction. However, the most fitted computations of ΔE≠ were not able to clearly differentiate between the mechanisms proposed for this interesting reaction (SN1, SN2 and water cluster). In contrast, the use of the Marcus theory (hyperbolic‐cosine equation) instead of the canonical variational transition state theory leads to excellent agreement between the in‐water‐computed activation energies (ΔEwM≠) and the corresponding ΔEexp≠ values for the SN2 mechanism, but far beyond the limit of error for the SN1 process. The validity of the Marcus theory for the studied SN1 and SN2 reactions is ensured by the fact that both reactions can be described as SET processes. On the other hand, apparently compelling evidence against the SN2 mechanism, such as 13C KIEs and experimental observation of N2 scrambling, are also discussed and alternative explanations are proposed.
Serum metabolomic pertubations among workers exposed to 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD)
Authors: Saberi Hosnijeh Fatemeh , Pechlivanis Alexandros , Keun Hector C. , Portengen Lützen , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H. Bas , Heederik Dick , Vermeulen Roel
Published: August 2013

Exposure to 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) has been associated with multiple health effects. Mechanistic studies using metabolomics could provide supporting evidence for such associations by identifying relevant biological pathways. In this study, we investigated metabolic perturbations in a cohort of TCDD exposed workers to better understand TCDD related health effects. Eighty one workers who had been exposed to TCDD in the past and 63 nonexposed workers were included in the study. Serum metabolites were detected using ultra high pressure liquid chromatography coupled online to a Q‐TOF Premier mass spectrometer with a scan range of 70–1,000 m/z. Current plasma levels of TCDD were determined by high‐resolution gas chromatography/isotope dilution high resolution mass spectrometry. TCDD blood levels at the time of last exposure were estimated using a one‐compartment first order kinetic model. Differentially expressed metabolites were identified using linear regression models, partial least squares regression (PLSr) and a regression‐based Bayesian variable selection approach. Features that were present in all quality control samples and had a coefficient of variation <30% were included in the analyses (n = 421 features). Adjusted linear regression analysis showed several significant perturbations (n = 27; P < 0.05) but these observations did not survive multiple testing correction (q value > 0.05). PLSr analyses and Bayesian variable selection regression analyses revealed no obvious metabolic perturbations associated with TCDD levels. This is the first metabolomic analysis related to TCDD exposure in humans. No significant metabolic features were identified. It is concluded that TCDD exposure at levels present in this study does not lead to significant perturbations of the serum metabolome. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 54:558‐565, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Maternal bisphenol a exposure during pregnancy and its association with adipokines in Mexican‐American children
Authors: Volberg Vitaly , Harley Kim , Calafat Antonia M. , Davé Veronica , McFadden Jessica , Eskenazi Brenda , Holland Nina
Published: August 2013

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high volume production chemical that has been detected in 93% of the United States population. It is thought to have endocrine disrupting activity but human data are limited. In this study, we examined whether prenatal or concurrent urinary BPA concentrations are associated with key metabolism‐related hormones, adiponectin and leptin (adipokines), in 9‐year‐old children. For this analysis, we used 188 mother‐child pairs from the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) prospective study. BPA was measured in urinary spot samples during early (12.6 ± 3.9 weeks gestation) and late (26.3 ± 2.5 weeks gestation) pregnancy and in 9‐year‐old children. We found that BPA concentrations during late pregnancy were associated with increased plasma leptin in boys (β = 0.06, P = 0.01), controlling for maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), pregnancy soda consumption, and smoking, years in US prior to pregnancy, maternal education, household poverty status, child BMI and child soda, fast food and sweet snack consumption at 9 years. Additionally, we found that BPA concentrations during early pregnancy are directly associated with plasma adiponectin levels in girls (β = 3.71, P = 0.03). However, we did not find any significant relationships between concurrent BPA concentrations and 9‐year child adiponectin or leptin. Overall, our data suggest that prenatal BPA concentrations may influence adipokine levels in 9‐year‐old children. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 54:621–628, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sequence context modulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon‐induced mutagenesis
Authors: Chary Parvathi , Stone Michael P. , Lloyd R. Stephen
Published: August 2013

DNA structural perturbations that are induced by site specifically and stereospecifically defined benzo[a]pyrene‐7,8‐dihydrodiol‐9,10‐epoxide (BPDE) adducts are directly correlated with mutagenesis, leading to cellular transformation. Although previous investigations had established that replication of DNAs containing N6‐BPDE dA adducts at the second position in the N‐ras codon 61(CAA) (612) resulted exclusively in A to G transitions, NMR analyses not only established the structural basis for this transition mutation but also predicted that if the adduct were positioned at the third position in the same codon, an expanded spectra of mutations was possible. To test this prediction, replication of DNAs containing C10S‐BPDE and C10R‐BPDE lesions linked through the N6 position of adenine in the sequence context N‐ras codon 61, position 3 (C10S‐BPDE and C10R‐BPDE at 613) was carried out in Escherichia coli, and these data revealed a wide mutation spectrum. In addition to A to G transitions produced by replication of both lesions, replication of the C10S‐BPDE and C10R‐BPDE adducts also yielded A to C and A to T transversions, respectively. Analyses of single nucleotide incorporation using Sequenase 2.0 and exonuclease‐deficient E. coli Klenow fragment and pol II not only revealed high fidelity synthesis but also demonstrated the same hierarchy of preference opposite a particular lesion, independent of the sequence context. Primer extension assays with the two lesions at N‐ras 613 resulted in truncated products, with the C10S‐BPDE adducts being more blocking than C10R‐BPDE lesions, and termination of synthesis was more pronounced at position 613 than at 612 for each of the lesions. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 54:652–658, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Worms need microbes too: microbiota, health and aging in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Cabreiro Filipe , Gems David
Published: August 2013

Many animal species live in close association with commensal and symbiotic microbes (microbiota). Recent studies have revealed that the status of gastrointestinal tract microbiota can influence nutrition‐related syndromes such as obesity and type‐2 diabetes, and perhaps aging. These morbidities have a profound impact in terms of individual suffering, and are an increasing economic burden to modern societies. Several theories have been proposed for the influence of microbiota on host metabolism, but these largely remain to be proven. In this article we discuss how microbiota may be manipulated (via pharmacology, diet, or gene manipulation) in order to alter metabolism, immunity, health and aging in the host. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in combination with one microbial species is an excellent, defined model system to investigate the mechanisms of host–microbiota interactions, particularly given the combined power of worm and microbial genetics. We also discuss the multifaceted nature of the worm–microbe relationship, which likely encompasses predation, commensalism, pathogenicity and necromeny.
Alternate wetting and drying irrigation for rice in Bangladesh: Is it sustainable and has plant breeding something to offer?
Authors: Price Adam H. , Norton Gareth J. , Salt David E. , Ebenhoeh Oliver , Meharg Andrew A. , Meharg Caroline , Islam M. Rafiqul , Sarma Ramen N. , Dasgupta Tapash , Ismail Abdelbagi M. , McNally Kenneth L. , Zhang Hao , Dodd Ian C. , Davies William J.
Published: August 2013

The crop management practice of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is being promoted by IRRI and the national research and extension program in Bangladesh and other parts of the world as a water‐saving irrigation practice that reduces the environmental impact of dry season rice production through decreased water usage, and potentially increases yield. Evidence is growing that AWD will dramatically reduce the concentration of arsenic in harvested rice grains conferring a third major advantage over permanently flooded dry season rice production. AWD may also increase the concentration of essential dietary micronutrients in the grain. However, three crucial aspects of AWD irrigation require further investigation. First, why is yield generally altered in AWD? Second, is AWD sustainable economically (viability of farmers' livelihoods) and environmentally (aquifer water table heights) over long‐term use? Third, are current cultivars optimized for this irrigation system? This paper describes a multidisciplinary research project that could be conceived which would answer these questions by combining advanced soil biogeochemistry with crop physiology, genomics, and systems biology. The description attempts to show how the breakthroughs in next generation sequencing could be exploited to better utilize local collections of germplasm and identify the molecular mechanisms underlying biological adaptation to the environment within the context of soil chemistry and plant physiology.
The TP73 complex network: Ready for clinical translation in cancer?
Authors: Soldevilla Beatriz , Millán Coral San , Bonilla Félix , Domínguez Gemma
Published: August 2013

TP73 is a member of the TP53 family, whose deregulated expression has been reported in a wide variety of cancers and linked to patients' outcome. The fact that TP73 encodes a complex number of isoforms (TAp73 and ΔTAp73) with opposing functions and the cross‐talk with other members of the family (TP53 and TP63) make it difficult to determine its clinical relevance. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms driving TAp73 and ΔTAp73 expression and how these variants inhibit or promote carcinogenesis. We also highlight the intricate interplay between TP53 family members. In addition, we comment on current pharmacological approaches targeting the TP73 pathway and those affecting the TAp73/ΔTAp73 ratio. Finally, we discuss the current data available in the literature that provide evidence on the role of TP73 variants in predicting prognosis. To date, most of the studies that evaluate the status levels of TP73 isoforms have been based on limited‐size series. Despite this limitation, these publications highlight the correlation between high levels of the oncogenic forms and failure to respond to chemotherapy and/or shorter survival. Finally, we emphasize the need for studies to evaluate the significance of combining the deregulation of various members of the TP53 family in order to define patient outcome or their responsiveness to specific therapies. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Headrace tunnel of the El Alto hydropower project in Panama / Druckstollen des Wasserkraftprojekts El Alto in Panama
Authors: Barwart Christian , Romualdi Paolo , Barioffi Alberto
Published: August 2013

The 3.3 km long headrace tunnel (Lot 2) of El Alto hydropower project in Panama has been tendered as drill and blast excavation. Lot 2 has been arwaded to SELI, Rome/Italy. By using an EPB TBM for tunnel excavation general alignment of tunnel has to be redesigned completely. General and detailed design has been done by viglconsult ZT/Schruns.

Internal pressure conditions does allow to use segmetnal ining as final lining most of the tunnel length. Only the last 300m of tunnel does have the requirement of inner lining made of steel. Traditional bar reinforcement has been substitued with steel fibre reinforcement with ductile post crack behaviour. A three‐step grouting programm is foreseen to gain segment stability and is responsible for sealing of the headrace tunnel.

Der 3,3 km lange Druckstollen (Baulos 2) des 67 MW Wasserkraftwerkes “El Alto” in Panama wurde als zyklischer Vortrieb ausgeschrieben. Das gegenständliche Baulos wurde als “EPC Contract” an SELI SPA, Rom vergeben. Durch den Einsatz einer EPB TBM mit Tübbingauskleidung bedurfte es einer grundlegenden Umplanung der Trassenführung in Grund und Aufriss. Die generelle sowie Detailplanung wurde von viglconsult ZT aus Schruns durchgeführt.

Die Innendruckverhältnisse ließen größtenteils eine nicht “druckhaltende” Auskleidung zu, während die letzten 300 m einer Stahlpanzerung bedurften. Eine spezielle Stahlfaserbewehrung welche mit duktilem Nachrissverhalten ersetze die konventionelle Stabebewehrung in den Tübbingen. Ein dreistufiges Injektionskonzept sorgt für entsprechende Stabilität und Dichtheit des Druckstollens.
Design aspects of the permanent underground infrastructure for the Chuquicamata mine in Chile / Planung der dauerhaften untertägigen Infrastruktur des Bergwerks Chuquicamata in Chile
Authors: Gomes Alexandre R. A. , Reyes Gustavo , Ulloa Juan Carlos
Published: August 2013

The mining complex Chuquicamata, of the National Copper Corporation of Chile (CODELCO), is located in the Atacama Desert, 1, 650 km north of Santiago, and 2, 870 m above sea level. Since the large copper ore reserve that lies below the “Chuquicamata” open pit (Fig. 1) will no longer be economically feasible to mine from the end of this decade, the mine is currently developing the required infrastructure to switch the operation to an underground mine type, where the block caving method with macro‐blocks will be used to mine out copper ore. The future mine will count with four production levels, corresponding to one of the largest underground mining operations in the world, with a production rate of about 140, 000 t/d. This article presents design aspects of the permanent underground infra‐structure works, which encompass several deep and steep tunnels and vertical shafts for the future mine access and operation.

Der Bergbaukomplex Chuquicamata der National Copper Corporation of Chile (CODELCO) liegt in der Atacama‐Wüste, 1.650 km nördlich von Santiago und 2.870 m über dem Meeresspiegel (Bild 1). Ab Ende dieses Jahrzehnts wird der Abbau der Lagerstätte im Tagebau nicht mehr wirtschaftlich sein. Daher werden derzeit die notwendigen Infrastrukturanlagen errichtet, um den Betrieb auf Untertagebau umzustellen, wobei das Kupferz im Blockbruchbau mit Makro‐Blöcken abgebaut werden soll.? Das Bergwerk wird künftig über vier Produktionsebenen verfügen und mit einer Produktion von etwa 140.000 t/d zu einem der größten Bergwerken der Welt zählen. Dieser Beitrag stellt einige Planungsgesichtspunkte für die dauerhafte unterirdische Infrastruktur vor, die mehrere tiefliegende und steile Tunnel und Vertikalschächte für die Erschließung der Lagerstätte und den Betrieb des Bergwerks umfasst.
Source terms calculation and atmospheric dispersion for a dynamic release from a CO2 pipeline containing methane and water as impurities
Authors: Esfahanizadeh Leila , Dabir Bahram
Published: August 2013

A method for calculating the source terms including values of leak rate, phase fraction, final velocity, and temperature at the position where the leakage jet has expanded to atmospheric pressure from a CO2 pipeline containing impurities (methane and water) is presented with regard to the time‐dependency of the source terms during the leakage. The thermodynamical properties for the mixture are calculated using the Soave‐Redlich‐Kwong equation of state with modified 1st order Huron‐Vidal mixing rule, which is adjustable in PVTsim. The results for the solubility of water in CO2 have shown that this thermodynamic model provides accurate predictions for the mixture properties. The thermodynamic model has been used along with a robust transient two‐phase flow simulator, OLGA, to simulate the leak from the pipeline. Finally, the predicted time‐dependant source terms (Release Rate, Phase Fraction, Final Velocity, and Temperature in the downstream of the leak) were used as input into the dispersion model (UDM) in form of sequential segments.
Intranasal insulin increases regional cerebral blood flow in the insular cortex in men independently of cortisol manipulation
Authors: Schilling Thomas M. , Ferreira de Sá Diana S. , Westerhausen René , Strelzyk Florian , Larra Mauro F. , Hallschmid Manfred , Savaskan Egemen , Oitzl Melly S. , Busch Hans‐Peter , Naumann Ewald , Schächinger Hartmut
Published: August 2013

Insulin and cortisol play a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, appetite, and satiety. Little is known about the action and interaction of both hormones in brain structures controlling food intake and the processing of neurovisceral signals from the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we assessed the impact of single and combined application of insulin and cortisol on resting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the insular cortex. After standardized periods of food restriction, 48 male volunteers were randomly assigned to receive either 40 IU intranasal insulin, 30 mg oral cortisol, both, or neither (placebo). Continuous arterial spin labeling (CASL) sequences were acquired before and after pharmacological treatment. We observed a bilateral, locally distinct rCBF increase after insulin administration in the insular cortex and the putamen. Insulin effects on rCBF were present regardless of whether participants had received cortisol or not. Our results indicate that insulin, but not cortisol, affects blood flow in human brain structures involved in the regulation of eating behavior. Hum Brain Mapp 35:1944–1956, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Kinetic differences in the induction of interferon stimulated genes by interferon-α and interleukin 28B are altered by infection with hepatitis C virus
Authors: Jilg Nikolaus , Lin Wenyu , Hong Jian , Schaefer Esperance A. , Wolski David , Meixong James , Goto Kaku , Brisac Cynthia , Chusri Pattranuch , Fusco Dahlene N. , Chevaliez Stephane , Luther Jay , Kumthip Kattareeya , Urban Thomas J. , Peng Lee F. , Lauer Georg M. , Chung Raymond T.
Published: August 2013

Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a genetic polymorphism associated with the gene locus for interleukin 28B (IL28B), a type III interferon (IFN), as a major predictor of clinical outcome in hepatitis C. Antiviral effects of the type III IFN family have previously been shown against several viruses, including hepatitis C virus (HCV), and resemble the function of type I IFN including utilization of the intracellular Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. Effects unique to IL28B that would distinguish it from IFN-α are not well defined. By analyzing the transcriptomes of primary human hepatocytes (PHH) treated with IFN-α or IL28B, we sought to identify functional differences between IFN-α and IL28B to better understand the roles of these cytokines in the innate immune response. Although our data did not reveal distinct gene signatures, we detected striking kinetic differences between IFN-α and IL28B stimulation for interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). While gene induction was rapid and peaked at 8 hours of stimulation with IFN-α in PHH, IL28B produced a slower, but more sustained increase in gene expression. We confirmed these findings in the human hepatoma cell line Huh7.5.1. Interestingly, in HCV-infected cells the rapid response after stimulation with IFN-α was blunted, and the induction pattern resembled that caused by IL28B. Conclusion: The kinetics of gene induction are fundamentally different for stimulations with either IFN-α or IL28B in hepatocytes, suggesting distinct roles of these cytokines within the immune response. Furthermore, the observed differences are substantially altered by infection with HCV. (HEPATOLOGY 2014;59:1250-1261)
Prognostic Impact of Telomere Maintenance Gene Polymorphisms on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Jung Seok Won , Park Neung Hwa , Shin Jung Woo , Park Bo Ryung , Kim Chang Jae , Lee Jong-Eun , Shin Eun-Soon , Kim Jeong A , Chung Young-Hwa
Published: August 2013

Our goal was to determine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of telomere maintenance genes influence the development and clinical outcomes of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated 20 SNPs of five telomere maintenance genes in 702 patients with HCC and 351 hepatitis B virus surface antigen-positive controls without HCC. Significant SNPs were then validated in an independent cohort of 857 HCC patients and 429 controls. We assessed the association of each SNP with the development of HCC and overall survival through a multivariate Cox proportional analysis. A significantly increased risk of HCC development was identified for the telomerase-associated protein 1 (

TEP1

) rs1713449 SNP in both the discovery and replication phases (combined odds ratio = 1.42,

P

= 9.378 × 10−5). In addition, the

TEP1

rs1713449,

TEP1

rs872072, protection of telomeres 1 homolog rs7784168, telomerase reverse transcriptase rs13167280, and telomeric repeat binding factor 1 rs2306494 SNPs had a significant effect on the overall survival, and a similar survival effect was validated in the replication cohort. Moreover, there was a significant dose-dependent association between the number of putatively high-risk genotypes of the five aforementioned SNPs and overall survival. The median survival time was significantly prolonged for patients with HCC with two or fewer putatively high-risk genotypes versus those with three or more high-risk genotypes (85 versus 44 months, log-rank

P

= 4.483 × 10−5), and this was demonstrated in the replication cohort (52 versus 37 months, log-rank

P

= 0.026).

Conclusion :

These observations suggest that the SNPs of telomere maintenance genes play a potential role in the development of HCC and the survival of HCC patients with chronic HBV infections. (Hepatology 2014;59:1912–1920)
Downregulation of miR‐29 contributes to cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Yu Pei‐Ning , Yan Ming‐De , Lai Hung‐Cheng , Huang Rui‐Lan , Chou Yu‐Ching , Lin Wen‐Chi , Yeh Li‐Tzu , Lin Ya‐Wen
Published: August 2013

Drug resistance is an obstacle to the treatment of ovarian cancer. Using a unique cell model, we have proven previously that a subpopulation of ovarian cancer cells is more resistant to cisplatin than are the original cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, are involved in many biological events in cancer cells. In our study, we explored whether miRNAs are involved in cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer cells. Cisplatin‐resistant cells expressed a lower level of miR‐29a/b/c. Manipulation of microRNA‐29 (miR‐29) expression modulated cisplatin sensitivity of CP70, HeyC2, SKOV3 and A2780 ovarian cancer cells. Knockdown of miR‐29a/b/c increased the ability of cells to escape cisplatin‐induced cell death partly through upregulation of collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) and increased the activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 and inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta. When combined with cisplatin treatment, knockdown of miR‐29 decreased the amount of the active form of caspase‐9 and caspase‐3. Ectopic expression of miR‐29 alone or in combination with cisplatin treatment efficaciously reduced the tumorigenicity of CP70 cells in vivo. Our data show that downregulation of miR‐29 increases cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells. Taken together, these data suggest that overexpression of miR‐29 is a potential sensitizer to cisplatin treatment that may have therapeutic implications.
Annexin 1: A glucocorticoid‐inducible protein that modulates inflammatory pain
Authors: Chen L. , Lv F. , Pei L.
Published: August 2013

Annexin 1, a glucocorticoid (GC)‐inducible protein, can play an important role via formyl peptide receptor like 1 (FPR2/ALX, also known as FPRL1) in inflammatory pain modulation. The aim of this review is to analyze different lines of evidence for the role of ANXA1 with different mechanisms on inflammatory pain and describe the profile of ANXA1 as a potential analgesic. A Medline (PUBMED) search using the terms ‘Annexin 1 distribution OR expression, FPR2/ALX distribution OR expression, Annexin 1 AND pain, Annexin 1 AND FPR2/ALX AND pain’ was performed. Articles with a publication date up to Nov. 1st, 2012 were included. The antinociception of ANXA1 has been evaluated in diverse pain models. It has been suggested that ANXA1 may exerts its action via: (1) inhibiting vital cytokines involved in pain transmission, (2) inhibiting neutrophil accumulation through preventing transendothelial migration via an interaction with formyl peptide receptors, (3) facilitating tonic opioid release from neutrophil in inflammatory site, (4) interrupting the peripheral nociceptive transmission by suppressing neuronal excitability. In general, ANXA1 is a potential mediator for anti‐nociception and the role with its receptor constitute attractive targets for developing anesthesia and analgesic drugs, and their interaction may prove to be a useful strategy to treat inflammatory pain.