bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who Deserves To Be Supported? Analysing Attitudes Towards Horizontal Redistribution in Nigeria
Authors: Langer Arnim , Leopold Lucas , Meuleman Bart
Published: March 2024

Despite the widespread recognition of the risk that group‐based inequalities, or so‐called horizontal inequalities (HIs), pose for the political stability and social cohesion of multi‐ethnic societies, extremely little research has been conducted on how people perceive these inequalities and how these perceptions, in turn, are associated with people’s attitudes towards group‐based or horizontal redistribution. In this article, we systematically analyse how people’s perceptions of prevailing socio‐economic HIs shape their attitudes towards horizontal redistribution in Nigeria, a country confronted with sharp and persistent inequalities between different ethnic groups. We develop a set of hypotheses for explaining differences in support for horizontal redistribution policies and test these hypotheses empirically with the help of a unique survey panel of about 2300 Nigerians.
Mathematical model of system relationships management of information security
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tolіupa Serhiі , Shtanenko Serhii ,   Military Institute of Telecommunications and Information Technologies named after Heroiv Krut, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

An effective solution to the problems of analysis and synthesis of information security management systems can not be provided by simple ways of simply describing their behavior in different conditions - systems engineering solves problems that require quantitative evaluation of characteristics. Such data, obtained experimentally or by mathematical modeling, should reveal the properties of information security management systems. The main one is efficiency, which means the degree of compliance of the results of information protection to the goal. The latter, depending on the resources available, the knowledge of developers and other factors, can be achieved to one degree or another, and there are alternative ways to implement it. In a number of publications the authors propose the basics of the categorical apparatus of set theory, which allows to explain the relationship between sets of threats and sets of information protection system, which allows to build different mathematical models to analyze information exchange systems in critical application systems. At present, the creation of information security management systems is not possible without research and generalization of world experience in building information systems and their constituent subsystems, one of the key of which are information protection and intrusion prevention systems. Components of the process of attacking the mechanisms of protection and blocking or destruction of cyber threats themselves are components of the mathematical support of such systems. The basis of such models is the mathematical apparatus, which should ensure the adequacy of modeling of information security processes for any conditions of cyber threats. When defining the mathematical apparatus, it is necessary to clearly understand how certain sets of cyber threats are built, and how the sets of cyber threat sets, sets of security system elements and sets of cyber attack detection systems, which should control the correctness of the information security process. The article analyzes various options for building models of information security management system and creates a mathematical model that takes into account the internal relationships of different subsets of components of the information security system under the influence of cyber threats.
Methods of destructive influence and content protection in social networks
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Brailovsky Mykola , Horoshko Volodymyr ,   National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

The work is devoted to the topical issue of protection of society from destructive influences in social networks. It has been proven that in order to prevent such influences, it is necessary to evaluate not only the materials contained in texts, audio and video content, but also the tone of the information disseminated in them. Tonality is one of the characteristics of thought or emotion and is currently used as the main parameter for classifying texts by thematic categories. This is due to the convenience and efficiency of classification according to this principle and greatly simplifies other tasks for the classification of text posts. Formed categories of tonal assessment. The possibility of assessing mood by one-dimensional or multidimensional parameter is proved. The possibility of using two approaches to classify the tonality of the text is shown. The first is the automatic analysis of digital texts by computers with elements of machine learning or teacher training. The second - with the help of dictionaries (thesauri) connected to the program. The shortcomings that occur in automatic systems for determining the key are given. A new algorithm for automatic complexes is proposed. It is noted that if the quality of the text analysis system is assessed by how well it agrees with a person's opinion on the emotional assessment of the studied text, then such indicators as accuracy and completeness can be used. Calculations of these parameters are given. When considering a publication presented in the form of an image, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of brightness, contrast, and color combinations, as these indicators can potentially be used by distributors of destructive content to attract the attention of the network. users. It is noted that the photo materials may contain various radical signs and symbols that may relate to the propaganda of a particular prohibited organization or ideology. The analysis of possible methods of influence on consciousness of the user by social networks is carried out.
Exploring the possibilities of an artificial intelligence program in the diagnosis of macular diseases
Authors: Khabazova Margarita R. , Ponomareva Elena N. , Loskutov Igor A. , Katalevskaya Evgenia А. , Sizov Alexander Yu. , Gabaraev Georgiy М.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Macular diseases are a large group of pathological conditions that cause vision loss and visual impairment. Early diagnosis of such changes plays an important role in treatment selection and is one of the crucial factors in predicting outcomes.
AIM: To examine the potential of an artificial intelligence program in the diagnosis of macular diseases using structural optical coherence tomography scans.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included patients examined and treated at the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies and Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute. In total, 200 eyes with macular diseases were examined, as well as eyes without macular pathologies. A comparative clinical analysis of structural optical coherence tomography scans obtained using an RTVue XR 110-2 tomograph was conducted. The Retina.AI software was used to analyze optical coherence tomography scans.
RESULTS: In the analysis of optical coherence tomography scans using Retina.AI, various pathological structures of the macula were identified, and a probable pathology was then determined. The results were compared with the diagnoses made by ophthalmologists. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the method were 95.16%, 97.76%, and 97.38%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Retina.AI allows ophthalmologists to automatically analyze optical coherence tomography scans and identify various pathological conditions of the fundus.
Gelecek Yüzyılın İletişimi: Teknolojik Gelişmelerin İletişim Alanı Perspektifinden Değerlendirmesi
Authors: ÖZGEN Ebru
Published: March 2024

Cumhuriyetimizin 100. Yılında Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi’nin özel sayısını “Gelecek Yüzyılın İletişimi Üzerine” yapılmış çalışmalara ayırdık. Bu özel sayı, Cumhuriyetimizin kuruluşunun yüzüncü yılına adanmış ve gelecek yüzyılın iletişimi üzerine yapılan çalışmalara odaklanmıştır. Günümüz dünyasında iletişim, teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte hızla değişiyor ve dönüşüyor. Bu dönüşümü anlamak ve doğru şekilde değerlendirmek, gelecek nesillere daha iyi bir dünya bırakmanın temel taşlarından biridir. 4 araştırma makalesi 3 derleme makale ve 1 yorum yazısından oluşan bu özel sayıda, gerek Türkiye’de gerekse dünyada iletişim ve medya teknolojileri çerçevesinde yaşanmakta olan gelişmelere göz atacak ve gelecek yüzyılın iletişimini şekillendirecek unsurları ele alacağız. Gelecek yüzyılın iletişimi üzerine yapılan bu çalışmaların, Cumhuriyetimizin değerlerini koruyarak ve daha da ileri taşıyarak, ülkemizi küresel arenada daha güçlü kılacağına yönelik inancımızla okuyucularına katkıda bulunmasını dileriz.
Biomarkers of Inflammation in Predicting the Outcomes of Heart Failure of Ischemic Etiology: the Results of Factor Analysis
Authors: Garganeeva A. A. , Kuzheleva E. A. , Tukish O. V. , Kondratiev M. Yu. , Vitt K. N. , Andreev S. L. , Ogurkova O. N.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To study the prognostic significance of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and stenotic multivessel coronary atherosclerosis, with determination of the biomarker separate set that reflects subclinical inflammation and is associated with the development of cardiovascular complications during prospective observation.

Material and methods. A prospective observational study was conducted that included 80 patients with CHF and ischemic heart disease who were scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) during their current hospitalization. In addition to routine clinical laboratory tests, coagulation parameters were evaluated and the following inflammatory biomarkers were determined: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Also, the calculated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N LR) was included in the analysis. Follow-up duration was at least 12 months (median 16 [13, 22] months). Statistical analysis of the data was performed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 21 software.

Results. The study presented results of a factor analysis of 10 inflammatory biomarkers in patients who were scheduled for CABG. One of the factors identified by the analysis included the levels of NGAL and GDF-15, N LR, and the level of fibrinogen in the blood in CHF patients with stenotic coronary atherosclerosis and was significantly associated with the death rate during prospective observation. Furthermore, this association remained significant even after adjustments for age, glomerular filtration rate, severity of heart and coronary insufficiency, and the presence of diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion. In patients with CHF and stenotic coronary atherosclerosis, a set of inflammatory markers, including blood NGAL, GDF-15, N LR, and fibrinogen, can be combined into one factor reflecting subclinical inflammation. The value of this factor can be used to predict cardiovascular death in the long term after surgical myocardial revascularization.
Characteristics of Inferior Myocardial Infarction With a Special Electrocardiographic Pattern (Aslanger) in Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Tretyakov A. Yu. , Ermilov O. V. , Zakharchenko S. P. , Tretyakova V. A. , Biryukov G. V. , Kotova D. P.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To evaluate the features of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with the Aslanger pattern in comparison with traditional forms of inferior myocardial infarction in metabolic syndrome.

Material and methods. This study included 30 patients with inferior myocardial infarction in the presence of metabolic syndrome: 9 patients with the Aslanger electrocardiographic pattern (group 1, age 59.7 [58.4; 63.1] years) and the rest with one of the traditional forms (control group, 59.9 [57.2; 63.8] years, matched by all criteria of metabolic syndrome). All patients underwent primary percutaneous intervention with assessment of the angiographic picture. The magnitude of ST-segment elevation was measured in lead III at the J point and following 0.06 seconds, and the optimal threshold value of this indicator was determined for a new picture of myocardial infarction.

Results. The infarct-related artery in the Aslanger pattern was more often the circumflex artery (p=0.0099), and coronary thrombosis was characterized by a lower TIMI thrombus grade (p=0.014). SYNTAX values for the Aslanger pattern and for the traditional picture of inferior infarction with ST elevation in lead II≥III were higher than for a similar picture with ST elevation in lead III>II. The level of cTnI at admission (p=0.013) and after 24 hours (p=0.0017), the platelet count (p=0.0011) and mean volume (p=0.0047) in group 1 had smaller values than with traditional inferior infarction. The ST elevation at J point and at J+0.06 s point for lead III with the Aslanger pattern was significantly lower than values of such shift in lead III>II and lead II≥III with traditional inferior infarction (p<0.001). An elevation value ≤1.5 mm at J point +0.06 s was a predictor of infarction with the Aslanger pattern. Constructing the ROC curve made it possible to determine that with the Aslanger pattern, the best cutoff value for this index is 2 mm.

Conclusion. Myocardial infarction with the Aslanger pattern as compared with traditional lower infarction in metabolic syndrome is characterized by specific individual angiographic signs, lower ST segment elevation, cTnI level, and thrombotic disorders.
Features of the Reperfusion Therapy for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction According to the Russian Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction – REGION-IM
Authors: Boytsov S. A. , Shakhnovich R. M. , Tereschenko S. N. , Erlikh A. D. , Pevsner D. V. , Gulyan R. G. , Rytova Yu. K. , Dmitrieva N. Yu. , Voznyuk Ya. M. , Musikhina N. A. , Nazarova O. A. , Pogorelova N. A. , Sanabasova G. K. , Sviridova A. V. , Sukhareva I. V. , Filinova A. S. , Shylko Yu. V. , Shirikova G. A.
Published: March 2024

Aim. Based on data from the Russian REGION-IM registry, to study the features of reperfusion therapy in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in real-life clinical practice.

Material and methods. REGION-IM is a multicenter prospective observational study. The observational period is divided into 3 stages: during the stay in the hospital and at 6 and 12 months after inclusion in the registry. The patient's records contain demographic and history data; information about the present case of MI, including the time of the first symptom onset, first contact with medical personnel, and admission to the hospital; coronary angiography (CAG) data, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) data, and information about the thrombolytic therapy (TLT).

Results. Reperfusion therapy was performed in 88.9 % of patients with STEMI. Primary PCI (pPCI) was performed in 60.6 % of patients. The median time from the onset of symptoms to pPCI was 315 minutes [195; 720]. The median time from ECG to pPCI was 110 minutes [84;150]. Isolated TLT was performed in 7.4 %, pharmaco-invasive treatment tactics were used only in 20.9 % of cases. The median time from ECG to TLT (prehospital and in-hospital) was 30 minutes [10; 59], whereas the median time from ECG to prehospital TLT was 18 minutes [10; 39], and in 63 % of patients, TLT was performed more than 10 minutes after diagnosis. PCI followed TLT in 73 % of patients.

Conclusion. The frequency of reperfusion therapy for STEMI in the Russian Federation has increased considerably in recent years. The high frequency of pPCI is noteworthy, but the timing of pPCI does not always comply with clinical guidelines. The results of this registry confirm the high demand for pharmaco-invasive strategies in real-life clinical practice. Taking into account geographical and logistical features, implementing timely myocardial reperfusion requires prehospital TLT. However, the TLT frequency in the Russian Federation is still insufficient despite its proven maximum effectiveness in the shortest possible time from the detection of acute MI.
Inter-American Development Bank Annual Report 2023: The Year in Review
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

The Annual Report contains a review of the Bank's operations in 2023 (loans, guarantees and grants). The second volume contains the full set of the financial statements of the Bank's resources.
Inter-American Development Bank Annual Report 2023: Financial Statements
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This report is the second of two volumes which together constitute the Inter-American Development Bank's 2023 Annual Report. This report contains the management's discussion and analysis of the Bank's ordinary capital and financial statements.
HISTORICAL EXCURSION THROUGH THE HISTORY OF FORESTRY EDUCATION IN THE TERRITORY OF THE CITY OF LIPTOVSKY HRADOK
Authors: Gejdos Miroslav , Lachmannova Monika
Published: March 2024

The final thesis is focused on the history of Hrádocké arboretum as an important object of education and practice, which is currently under the maintenance of Secondary school of forestry and timber in Liptovský Hrádok. Arboretum was established by the end of the 19th century as a part of the vast school area. It served from the beginning as a unique outdoor classroom for education and this purpose is keeping up today. Arboretum has the third biggest collections of woody species in Slovakia and it is in the list of Special Forestry Sites in Slovakia due to its importance in the field of History of forestry. Due to its environmental and cultural values is protected as a protected site and cultural site as well.
Законность использования в доказывании результатов следственных действий, осуществляемых иными участниками уголовного судопроизводства
Authors: Савинова К.В. , Ильин А.В.
Published: March 2024

В данной статье анализируется целесообразность отнесения к следственным действиям тех из них, получение доказательственной информации в которых осуществляют иные участники уголовного судопроизводства. Исследованию подвергаются такие следственные действия как получение информации о соединениях между абонентами и (или) абонентскими устройствами, контроль и запись телефонных и иных переговоров, судебная экспертиза, В заключении авторами сформулированы предложения по корректировке действующего законодательства.
К вопросу об изменениях в круг лиц, имеющих право на получение социального налогового вычета
Authors: Смакотина Л.Н.
Published: March 2024

Анализируется тема изменений в круге лиц, обладающих правом на социальный налоговый вычет в Российской Федерации. Рассматриваются нововведения, введенные с 2022 года, включая расширение вычетов для категорий граждан, таких как инвалиды Великой Отечественной войны, труженики тыла и вдовы военнослужащих. Обсуждаются изменения в вычетах по медицинским расходам, обучению, а также в контексте добровольного пенсионного страхования. Подчеркивается актуальность реформирования налоговых вычетов с учетом потребностей населения, особенно в контексте старения населения.
Институт пробации(условного осуждения) в законодательстве Кыргызстана
Authors: Шерматова Ж.Р. , Сыдык У.А. , Талантбеков Б.Т.
Published: March 2024

В статье на основе общенаучных и частнонаучных методов познания исследованы содержательные стороны законодательного закрепление института пробации в отечественном законодательстве. Обобщены наиболее характерные особенности ее законодательного закрепления.
The Development of Polymedia Adventure Game As a Digital Promotion Media for Campus Orientation
Authors: Nurhasanah Yeni , Stevano H. Tobing Deddy , Khairunisa Yuyun
Published: March 2024

The increasing number of study programs is of course commensurate with the support of the facilities and infrastructure owned by the Creative Media State Polytechnic campus. These facilities were built to support both academic and non-academic activities. This research aims to develop the first 3D game as a digital promotional media orientation on the introduction of the Polimedia campus. Games are a digital medium that continues to develop, especially during the 2019 Covid pandemic. Game is a combination of multimedia and interaction that has proven successful in attracting user attention compared to other digital media. This research was developed with the following stages, namely initialization consisting of game idea research. Research on appropriate game genres, pre-production, production which consist of programming and modeling, and testing including functional testing and testing on users who have the potential to use this game for validation. Based on the data obtained, the overall value of positive perceptions is 70.68%, while negative perceptions weigh 29.32%. This percentage shows that from a user perspective, the game being developed meets user expectations and its objectives. This game is quite capable of motivating users to play and gain a learning experience, exploring campus in a fun way.
Keywords: development, game, promotion, campus, orientation
Awareness of Gig Economy in Malaysia: Study At International University of Malaya-Wales
Authors: Syarfina Abu Bakar Amina , Hafizah Hassan Noor
Published: March 2024

Digitalization has transformed the world of business tremendously. The world of employment has shifted from a conventional method to a more flexible and seamless way. A gig economy has opened secondary careers that have created more opportunities that consequently have boosted the country’s economy. This secondary career is referred to as “freelancing”, or work on a job basis. In Malaysia, awareness and knowledge on this matter is still lacking and needs more studies and investigation. Past studies in Malaysia found that the gig economy faces challenges in terms of job security and safety, protection policies, proper platforms and dissemination, etc. Due to this, more studies are required to examine better development and implementation for gig communities. The findings will facilitate the development of better platforms and communities for a gig economy. Thus, this study aims to understand the awareness and knowledge of Malaysian private higher education staff and students on the gig economy. As such, this study specifically gathers data at the International University of Malaya-Wales. The findings will provide insights to lecturers, students, even alumni on how this kind of economy will benefit them and other stakeholders. These findings will also enrich the current data and information for policymakers, employers, and practitioners.
Keywords: gig economy, private university, human resource, awareness, knowledge
Design of the Nirmana Dwimatra Teaching Material Book for Students of the Polimedia Photography Department
Authors: Riana Irpan , Syah Putra Yuda , Khazim Setyadi Dyama
Published: March 2024

Students in the Photography department will study various photography techniques and theories, such as portrait photography, landscape photography, product photography, and documentary photography. In the photography department, students will study the techniques and process of making images, which is a form of Dwimatra art. Through the Nirmana Dwimatra course, students will understand the techniques and methods for creating quality photographic works, which apply basic art concepts, such as perspective, color, shape, and so on. Apart from that, the Nirmana Dwimatra course can also help students in the photography department to develop their creativity and imagination, as well as understand how to combine techniques and concepts in the process of creating photographic works. Therefore, the Nirmana Dwimatra course is closely related to the photography department and can help students understand and practice photography well. Therefore, there is a need for effective and interesting teaching materials related to the Nirmana Dwimatra course specifically for the Jakarta Polymedia Photography Department.
Keywords: textbooks, Nirmana, two dimensions, photography
Exploring the Role of ChatGPT in Traditional Medicine: A Friend or Foe?
Authors: Dhane Amol S
Published: March 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Wound Healing Agents as Described by Avicenna in the Canon of Medicine
Authors: Zargaran Arman , Soleymani Samaneh , Mazhari Mohammadmahdi , Mirghazanfari Sayid Mahdi
Published: March 2024

Topical wounds are common complications, and it is necessary to find new remedies and approaches for their treatment. In this study, Avicenna’s definitions of topical wounds and his treatment strategies are investigated and compared with contemporary findings. Data were extracted from the fourth chapter of the fourth volume of the Canon of Medicine and databases of PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar using keywords of wound healing, Avicenna, Persian medicine, etc. Avicenna tries to clarify categorizations, semiology, pathophysiology, dressing, remedies and treatment strategies for wound. Many of his descriptions—like callus and the importance of angiogenesis in wound healing—are close to current definitions. He also mentioned to strategies like using gauze in dressing, control of bleeding and swelling (inflammation), washing and clearing wounds, using suture and surgery in some cases and also prescribing tonic foods. Furthermore, the efficacy of many natural remedies mentioned by Avicenna like Boswellia sacra Flück., Hordeum vulgare L., Prangos ferulacea Lindl., Quercus persica Jaub. & Spach, Brassica oleracea L., and Plantago major L. have been evaluated and approved by contemporary investigations. These results demonstrate the impact of Avicenna’s knowledge on wounds and wound healing process. Therefore, besides historical impact, it is important as a novel natural source to find new medicaments based on this ancient knowledge.
A magyar vármegyeszékhelyek rezilienciájának vizsgálata a koronavírus-járvány tekintetében
Authors: Greutter-Gregus Éva , Koncz Gábor , Némediné Kollár Kitti
Published: March 2024

A járványok évszázadok óta jelen vannak az emberiség életében. A kézirat aktualitását az adja, hogy a 2019-2020-as évben kitörő koronavírus járvány egy globális válság kialakulását eredményezte, negatív hatásai mai napig érzékelhetőek. A covid a térszerkezeti tényezőkre, a városi és vidéki települések mindennapi működésére egyaránt hatással volt, sokkszerű krízishelyzetet teremtve, ezzel átírva az emberek mindennapjait és a gazdaság működését. A járványkezelés érdekében hozott intézkedések szociális elszigetelődést, az emberek életminőségének és gazdasági helyzetének romlását eredményezték. Véleményünk szerint a 21. században nagyon fontos a hosszú távon fenntartható települések életében az adaptivitás, a külső hatásokra való reakcióképesség, melyet a reziliencia fogalmával írhatunk le (Pirisi 2019, Szalai - Fabula, 2022). A tanulmányunk alapvető célja, hogy megvizsgáljuk a pandémiát megelőző időszakhoz képest változott-e a vármegyeszékhelyek rezilienciája Magyarország területén, ezzel rávilágítva a járványkezelés városi életet befolyásoló meghatározó hatásokra.
Demonstracijska celica za prikaz globokega učenja v praktičnih aplikacijah
Authors: Tabernik Domen , Mlakar Peter , Božič Jakob , Čehovin Zajc Luka , Rijavec Vid , Skočaj Danijel
Published: March 2024

V zadnjih letih so metode globokega učenja postale ključno orodje za reševanje raznolikih praktičnih izzivov. Kljub temu pa potencial takih metod pogosto ostaja slabo razumljiv širši javnosti zaradi pogostega ločevanja razvoja in demonstracije algoritmov od dejanskih praktičnih problemov, ki jih algoritmi naslavljajo. V tem članku predstavljamo demonstracijsko celico, ki združuje strojno in programsko opremo ter algoritme globokega učenja, omogočajoč enostavno prikazovanje delovanja teh metod v različnih aplikativnih domenah. Celica vključuje kamere, grafični vmesnik in pet demonstracijskih programov, ki demonstrirajo klasifikacijo lesenih desk, detekcijo površinskih anomalij, štetje polipov, detekcijo prometnih znakov in detekcijo vogalov tekstilnih izdelkov. Implementiran modularni pristop omogoča enostavno integracijo različnih algoritmov globokega učenja. Sistem omogoča boljše razumevanje in uporabo teh metod v praktičnih scenarijih ter prispeva k razvoju inovativnih rešitev na področju globokega učenja.
Gradnja konvolucijskih nevronskih mrež za razvrščanje slik z uporabo evolucijskih algoritmov
Authors: Mlakar Uroš
Published: March 2024

Globoke nevronske mreže so bile uspešno aplicirane že na mnogih področjih obdelave slik. Uspešnost mreže je vedno pogojena z njeno arhitekturo, ki pogosto zahteva ročno oblikovanje strokovnjaka z bogatim strokovnim znanjem. Takšen pristop je lahko v realnem svetu zamuden, morda tudi neizvedljiv, predvsem zaradi primanjkljaja izkušenj načrtovalcev oz. njihovega znanja. V tem članku smo predstavili postopek avtomatskega iskanja topologije globoke nevronske mreže v aplikaciji razvrščanja slik. Iskanje ustrezne topologije smo preslikali v optimizacijski problem, ki ga rešujemo z algoritmom diferencialne evolucije. Algoritem smo testirali nad podatkovnima zbirkama CIFAR10 in AffectNet. Dobljeni rezultati so obetavni in odpirajo novo mlado razsikovalno področje načrtovanja globokih mrež brez predhodnega ekspertnega znanja.
Ustvarjanje ponarejenih videoposnetkov s pomočjo difuzijskih modelov
Authors: Markelj Bine , Peer Peter , Batagelj Borut
Published: March 2024

V članku predstavimo postopke in tehnike generiranja globoko ponarejenih videoposnetkov ali krajše globokih ponaredkov (angl. deepfakes). To so videoposnetki, pri katerih je prišlo do manipulacij s tehnikami globokega učenja. Taki videoposnetki predstavljajo velik problem pri širjenju lažnih novic, politični propagandi, uničevanju podobe posameznikov, izdelavi pornografskih vsebin, izsiljevanju itd. V članku opišemo podatkovno zbirko FaceForensics++ in predstavimo lastno metodo za potencialno izdelavo podzbirke omenjene baze z uporabo najnovejših generativnih difuzijskih modelov. Uporabljene postopke eksperimenta predstavimo in analiziramo njihovo kvaliteto in uspešnost. Komentiramo tudi smiselnost uporabe in nevarnost, ki jo predstavljajo ponarejeni videoposnetki, izdelani z difuzijskimi modeli.
Red Pill Hareketi ile Woke Kültürü Arasında Bir Köprü Olarak ‘Oneitis’ Kavramı
Authors: Akalın Atilla
Published: March 2024

Kendilerini erkek hakları hareketinin neferleri olarak tanımlayan bireylerin sosyal medyada ortaya koydukları çeşitli söylemleri üzerinden isimlendirilen sosyal gruba literatürde “manosfer” denmektedir. Manosfer jargonunda geçerli bir kavram olan “oneitis” ise temelde bir erkeğin, kendine eşit derecede ilgi göstermeyen bir kadına karşı aşırı ilgi yatırımı yaptığı durumları temsil etmek için kullanılan bir saplantı haline gönderme yapmaktadır. Manosferin en etkili grubu olan Red Pill hareketi için oneitis, erkekler tarafından kaçınılması gereken bir davranış örüntüsü olduğu için eleştirilmektedir. Red Pill öğretisi, anti-feminist ve pragmatik görüşleri sebebiyle genellikle alternatif sağ ideolojilerle de ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bu yüzden Red Pill düşüncesinin; genellikle ırkçılık, Afro-Amerikan karşıtlığı ve anti-feminizm gibi yapısal baskı mekanizmaları üzerinden belirli sosyal grupların üzerine giden politik söylemlere karşı uyanık olma ediminin sürekli olarak pratik edilmesini savunan bir farkındalık hareketi olan Woke Kültürü ile zıt fikirlere sahip olduğu düşünülebilir. İddiam, oneitis kavramının anti-feminist ve metalaştırıcı bağlamları askıya alındığında aslında feminizm veya Woke Kültürü gibi perspektifler üzerinden de sıklıkla itiraz edilen geleneksel toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine kökten bağlı olan klasik bir aşk anlayışına eleştiri olarak da okunabileceğidir. Oneitis’ten kurtulmak, manosfer çerçevesinden bağımsız bir şekilde ele alındığında ikili ilişkiler bazında insanların sosyal pratiklerini özgürleştirici bir adım olarak görülebilir
Archaeoseismology: Earthquake Traces Studies In Ancient Settlements; A Chronological Evaluation From The World Focusing on Türkiye
Authors: SÜMER Ökmen , KARABACAK Volkan
Published: March 2024

Archaeoseismology is a field of science that investigates the remains of ancient human structures of destructive earthquakes that occurred in their ancient history and in this respect makes inferences on the possible effects of earthquakes whose origins will be may occurred in the future. Although many authors wrote the effects of ancient earthquakes in various periods, the first modern archaeoseismology studies in the world gain momentum starting from the end of the 19th century at the same time with Türkiye. In this understanding, the geography of Anatolia (Asia Minor), which has hosted a wide variety of cultural layers since its Mesolithic end, is an open-air research laboratory for modern archaeoseismological studies. This study is a reference work that summarizes the historical past of the discipline of archaeoseismology chronologically in the perspective of studies on Earth and Anatolia, presents suggestions about the future of archaeoseismology and is a literature summary for the new generation of archaeoseismologists.
(Acil) Uzaktan Eğitim Dönemlerinde Yabancı Dil Eğitimi Programları
Authors: TUĞLU Yıldırım , DOĞRUER Sinem
Published: March 2024

Acil uzaktan eğitim, özellikle pandemi ve doğal afet gibi olağanüstü durumlar nedeniyle yaygınlaşmış ve eğitimde önemli değişikliklere yol açmıştır. Bu durum, öğrencilerin, öğretim materyallerinin, öğretim stratejilerinin ve programların uzaktan eğitimdeki performansını değerlendirmeyi önemli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki yabancı dil öğretmenliği programlarının acil uzaktan eğitim dönemlerindeki etkinliğini ve öğrenci çıktılarını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi'nde Almanca ve İngilizce Öğretmenliği programlarından amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi yoluyla seçilen 20 dördüncü sınıf öğrencisi üzerinde yürütülen bu nitel araştırma, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ve odak grup görüşmeleri aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiş ve çeşitli temalar doğrultusunda çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Araştırma, yabancı dil öğretmenliği programlarının uzaktan eğitim süreçlerindeki güçlü yönlerini ve geliştirilmesi gereken alanları belirleyerek, programların daha etkili hale getirilmesine katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerinin detaylı bir şekilde ele alındığı bu çalışmanın, yabancı dil öğretmenliği programlarının acil uzaktan eğitim süreçlerinde daha etkili hale getirilmesi için önemli bir referans kaynağı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Coreografias didáticas e ensino de Ciências
Authors: Quevedo Andressa Pacífico Franco , Araújo Monica Lopes Folena
Published: March 2024

Introdução: adotamos, nesta pesquisa, a analogia da arte e da dança sob o contexto do ensino de ciências. E focamos na etapa da colocação em cena em que o professor, no desenvolvimento de sua prática docente, centra esforços para disponibilizar as estratégias e ações com o intuito de possibilitar os seus alunos a realizar as suas atividades, levando em consideração os recursos, interfaces e contextos de aprendizagens. Objetivo: analisar a colocação em cena dos conteúdos e as estratégias didáticas do componente curricular investigado. Metodologia: a abordagem de pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, e em relação aos níveis de pesquisa, enquadra-se na categorização de pesquisa descritiva. Em relação às técnicas para construção de dados com pessoas, fizemos uso da observação não participante do componente curricular de Metodologia de Ensino e Aprendizagem em Ciências da Natureza I, com gravação em áudio das aulas e registros em diários de observação. Todos os dados foram analisados a partir do método de Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: reflexão e discussão sobre como melhor executar o Plano de Ensino do Componente curricular estudado, atenção ao relato da biografia educacional em relação ao ensino de Ciências dos discentes; desenvolvimento do componente curricular como uma construção coletiva entre a Coreógrafa e bailarinos. Conclusão: alguns movimentos dançados tanto pela Professora Coreógrafa quanto os seus alunos bailarinos, apresentaram-se, à luz da análise do Modelo das Coreografias Didáticas, como um modelo didático de ordem orgânica, humanizadora, flexível e criativa para formar futuros professores polivalentes para ensinar Ciências para crianças, jovens e adultos.
Hierarchically structured biomaterials for tissue regeneration
Authors: Ma Wenping , Yang Zhibo , Lu Mingxia , Ma Hongshi , Wu Chengtie , Lu Hongxu
Published: March 2024

Repairing tissue defects caused by diseases and traumas presents significant challenges in the clinic. Recent advancements in biomaterials have offered promising strategies for promoting tissue regeneration. In particular, the exploration of 3D macro and microstructures of biomaterials has proven crucial in this process. The integration of macro, micro, and nanostructures facilitates the performance of biomaterials in terms of their mechanical properties, degradation rate, and distinctive impacts on cellular activities. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in biomaterials with hierarchical structures for tissue regeneration. We explore the various methods and strategies employed in designing biomaterials with hierarchical structures of different dimensions. The improvement of physicochemical properties and bioactivities by hierarchically structured biomaterials, including the regulation of mechanical properties, degradability, and the specific functions of cell behaviors, has been highlighted. Furthermore, the current applications of hierarchically structured biomaterials for tissue regeneration are discussed. Finally, we conclude by summarizing the developments of hierarchically structured biomaterials for tissue regeneration and provide future perspectives.
Performance Comparison of CFD Microbenchmarks on Diverse HPC Architectures
Authors: Galeazzo Flavio C. C. , Garcia-Gasulla Marta , Boella Elisabetta , Pocurull Josep , Lesnik Sergey , Rusche Henrik , Bnà Simone , Cerminara Matteo , Brogi Federico , Marchetti Filippo , Gregori Daniele , Weiß R. Gregor , Ruopp Andreas
Published: March 2024

OpenFOAM is a CFD software widely used in both industry and academia. The exaFOAM project aims at enhancing the HPC scalability of OpenFOAM, while identifying its current bottlenecks and proposing ways to overcome them. For the assessment of the software components and the code profiling during the code development, lightweight but significant benchmarks should be used. The answer was to develop microbenchmarks, with a small memory footprint and short runtime. The name microbenchmark does not mean that they have been prepared to be the smallest possible test cases, as they have been developed to fit in a compute node, which usually has dozens of compute cores. The microbenchmarks cover a broad band of applications: incompressible and compressible flow, combustion, viscoelastic flow and adjoint optimisation. All benchmarks are part of the OpenFOAM HPC Technical Committee repository and are fully accessible. The performance using HPC systems with Intel and AMD processors (x86_64 architecture) and Arm processors (aarch64 architecture) have been benchmarked. For the workloads in this study, the AMD processor seems particularly suited resulting in an overall shorter time-to-solution.
Currently Available Site Index Equations That Use On-Site Tree Measurements for Naturally Regenerated Longleaf Pine in Its Historical Range
Authors: VanderSchaaf Curtis L
Published: March 2024

The longleaf pine (Pinus palustris P. Mill.) forest type occupied a much greater area in the United States prior to the arrival of Europeans, estimated to be around 37.2 million hectares. This area has been greatly reduced, and these ecosystems now occupy only about 1.2 to 1.6 million hectares. However, there has been great interest in the restoration of this forest type, and existing stands are actively managed. Thus, managers need tools to estimate site quality and ultimately productivity. Here, 16 existing equations to estimate site index and dominant height in naturally regenerated longleaf pine stands are examined for their behavior across a range of site quality and age conditions. Others can use this information as a reference to determine which equation may be best for their situation.
Seeking Social Connection and Knowledge as a Minimally Verbal Autistic Male with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Khan Aysha , Caldwell-Harris Catherine L.
Published: March 2024

We bring a strength-based and socially-oriented lens to behaviors observed in profound autism. Social deficits are a defining characteristic of autism. Yet humans’ biological drive for social connection is sufficiently strong that is should be observable, in some form at least, in individuals with autism. We describe a case that validates this view. Mahad is a 20-year-old Pakistani-American male, with intellectual disability, and minimal verbal abilities. Mahad has an intense interest in food and the steps involved in food preparation. He employs and capitalizes on his family’s meal routines to ensure continual social attention from his mother. When not immersed in food, Mahad uses his limited capacities to pursue the additional biological needs of exploring his environment, seeking information, and developing his cognitive abilities.
Exertional Compartment Syndrome and the Development of Preventative Measures
Authors: Mulvey Meaghan
Published: March 2024

Throughout this paper the effects of injuries on athletes are highlighted in different aspects. Exertional compartment syndrome is a specific injury related to athletes that is thoroughly explored in this paper through an analysis of the anatomy, symptoms, diagnosis and treatments of the syndrome. Exertional compartment syndrome is an exercise-induced muscle and nerve condition that causes pain, swelling as well as disability in the affected muscles of the lower leg. This syndrome commonly develops in young athletes involved in sports with excessive running and repetitive impact such as track and field, soccer, basketball and lacrosse. Exertional compartment syndrome is commonly misdiagnosed as other less severe injuries such as shin splints, which is symptomatic of pain along the tibia bone of the lower leg caused by overuse. The misdiagnosis of exertional compartment syndrome allows the syndrome to worsen and intensify resulting in the only effective treatment to be fasciotomy, a surgical procedure to release the pressure within the compartment of the lower leg. There is no definitive protocol developed for patients after fasciotomy is performed. Athletes experiencing similar symptoms after surgery are usually treated for their symptoms rather than the syndrome as a whole, which does not have a high degree of success. The development of a definitive protocol utilizing the techniques of manual therapy, mobility stretching and corrective strength training can improve the adverse effects of exertional compartment syndrome as well as restore functionality to the athlete. Raising awareness of this syndrome in athletics will be effective in treating the athlete early on in order to avoid severe effects and invasive procedures.
Reinforcement of a Subcutaneous Pocket for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Insertion Using Acellular Dermal Matrix: A Case Report
Authors: Choi Jun Ho , Lee Ho Jun , Kim Kwang Seog , Park Hyung Wook , Choi Insu , Hwang Jae Ha , Lee Sam Yong
Published: March 2024

Thin people who undergo implant insertion into the chest wall face a high risk of implant exposure to the external environment. Five months after an 8-year-old boy underwent implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation in a subcutaneous pocket in the left anterolateral chest wall to manage long QT syndrome, ICD replacement became necessary owing to exposure risk from distal and lateral thinning of the ICD pocket. Pocket rupture and exposure would increase the risk of infection; therefore, we performed ICD removal and primary pocket closure. Two weeks later, a new suprafascial pocket was created, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) was attached to the inner wall to prevent ICD protrusion, and a new ICD was inserted. One year postoperatively, the ADM was engrafted, and no complications were observed. A thin subcutaneous layer increases the risk of ICD implantation complications. Inner wall strengthening with ADM can help prevent pocket rupture.
Assessment of colistin heteroresistance among multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from intensive care patients in Europe
Authors: Braspenning Anouk J. M. M. , Rajakani Sahaya Glingston , Sey Adwoa , Mariem El Bounja , Lammens Christine , Glupczynski Youri , Malhotra-Kumar Surbhi
Published: March 2024

Heteroresistance (HR) to colistin is especially concerning in settings where multi-drug resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae are prevalent and empiric use of colistin might lead to treatment failures. This study aimed to assess the frequency of occurrence of colistin HR (CHR) among (MDR) K. pneumoniae (n=676) isolated from patients hospitalized in 13 intensive care units (ICUs) in 6 European countries in a clinical trial assessing the impact of decolonization strategies. All isolates were whole-genome-sequenced and studied for in vitro colistin susceptibility. Majority were colistin-susceptible (CS) (n=597, MIC 2 µg/ml). 288 CS isolates were randomly selected for population analysis profiling (PAP) to assess CHR prevalence. CHR was detected in 108/288 CS K. pneumoniae. No significant association was found between the occurrence of CHR and country, MIC-value, K-antigen type and O-antigen type. Overall, 92% (618/671) of the K. pneumoniae were MDR with high prevalence among CS (540/592) and CR (98.7%, 78/79) isolates. In contrast, proportion of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CP-Kpn) was higher among CR (72.2%, 57/79) than CS isolates (29.1%, 173/594). Proportions of MDR and CP-Kpn were similar among CHR (MDR: 85%, 91/107; CP-Kpn: 29.9%, 32/107) and CS isolates (MDR: 91%, 539/592; CP-Kpn: 29.1%, 153/59). WGS analysis of PAP isolates showed diverse insertion elements in mgrB or even among technical replicates underscoring the stochasticity of the CHR phenotype. CHR isolates showed high ST diversity (Simpson’s diversity index, SDI: 0.97, in 52 of the 85 STs tested). CR (SDI: 0.85) isolates were highly associated with specific STs (ST101, ST147, ST258/ST512, P ≤ 0.003). The widespread nature of CHR among MDR K. pneumoniae in our study urge the development of rapid HR detection methods to inform on the need for combination regimens.
Vision Systems for a UR5 Cobot on a Quality Control Robotic Station
Authors: Kohut Piotr , Skop Kamil
Published: March 2024

The paper delineates the developed vision system of the UR5 cobot and the operating algorithm of the robotic quality control station. The hardware-software architecture of the developed robotic station was shown, consisting of a UR5 cobot equipped with a web camera and a stationary industrial camera with a lighting system. Image processing and analysis algorithms were described, the method of control and communication between the station components was discussed, and two operating scenarios were presented as a single robotic station and a robotic line. Based on the results obtained, the level of measurement noise, accuracy, and repeatability of the developed vision system were estimated.