bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Priapism as The Clinical Presenting Feature of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report and 20-Year Literature Review
Authors: Bintoro Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho , Romadhon Pradana Zaky , Suryantoro Satriyo Dwi , Aminy Rusdi Zakki , Windradi Choirina , Widiyastuti Krisnina Nurul
Published: January 2022

Priapism in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) appears to be an infrequent manifestation as well as a crucial emergency. Here, we report an 18-year-old male presenting with a persistent erection of the penis for 20 days. We evaluated and compared the reported cases within 20 years discussing the management of priapism in CML. Cytoreductive therapy followed by leukapheresis, the administration of tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and intra-cavernosal blood aspiration may resolve the symptoms of priapism. Early intervention for cytoreduction and aspiration are the pivotal keys to successfully impeding the complications.
Effect of cogon grass root ethanol extract on fatty acid binding protein 4 and oxidative stress markers in a sepsis mouse model
Authors: Putri Mirasari , Rastiarsa Bening Mauliddina , Djajanagara Raden Aliya T. M. , Ramli Ghaliby Ardhia , Anggraeni Neni , Sutadipura Nugraha , Atik Nur , Syamsunarno Mas Rizky A. A.
Published: January 2022

Background: Sepsis causes several immunological and metabolic alterations that induce oxidative stress. The modulation of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) has been shown to worsen this condition. Extract of cogon grass root (ECGR) contains flavonoids and isoeugenol compounds that exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to assess the effects of ECGR on FABP4 and oxidative stress–related factors in a sepsis mouse model.

Methods: Twenty-nine male mice (Mus musculus) of the Deutsche Denken Yoken strain were divided into four groups: group 1, control; group 2, mice treated with 10 μL/kg body weight (BW) lipopolysaccharide (LPS); and groups 3 and 4, mice pre-treated with 90 and 115 mg/kg BW, respectively, and then treated with 10 μL/kg BW LPS for 14 d. Blood, liver, lymph, and cardiac tissue samples were collected and subjected to histological and complete blood examinations. Antioxidant (Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) and superoxide dismutase), FABP4 levels, and immune system-associated biomarker levels (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β ) were measured.

Results: Significant increases in platelet levels (p = 0.03), cardiomyocyte counts (p =0.004), and hepatocyte counts (p = 0.0004) were observed in group 4 compared with those in group 2. Conversely, compared with those in group 2, there were significant decreases in TNF-α expression in group 3 (p = 0.004), white pulp length and width in group 4 (p = 0.001), FABP4 levels in groups 3 and 4 (p = 0.015 and p = 0.012, respectively), lymphocyte counts in group 4 (p = 0.009), and monocyte counts (p = 0.000) and polymorphonuclear cell counts in the livers (p = 0.000) and hearts (p = 0.000) of groups 3 and 4. GPx3 activity was significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 (p = 0.04).

Conclusions: ECGR reduces FABP4 level and modulating oxidative stress markers in sepsis mouse model.
Fundamentals of scientific research
Authors: Basovskiy Leonid , Basovskaya Elena
Published: January 2022

The textbook outlines the concepts and methods of conducting scientific research and presenting their results. The fundamentals of scientific thinking and methodological foundations of scientific research are considered. The process of scientific research, methods of obtaining and analyzing data, collecting and summarizing scientific information, the sequence of the process of scientific research are described. The approaches, methods, rules and norms of preparation of reports on the results of scientific research, scientific articles and dissertations are described. The organization, financing of scientific research and training of scientific personnel in the Russian Federation, the organization of research work of students, the principles of scientific ethics are characterized. Recommendations for the preparation of final qualifying papers and dissertations are given.
The textbook includes topics and questions, the study of which is necessary to master the competencies provided for by the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students of the enlarged group of training areas 38.00.00 "Economics and Management".
Paris–Rome–London. Information and Propaganda Campaign for the Polish Question prior to the Great War (1907–14)
Authors: Sikorski Tomasz , Wątor Adam
Published: January 2022

The article reconstructs Polish information and propaganda campaigns in Western Europe in the run-up to the Great War. Those initiatives allowed the issues related to the Polish question, especially the persecution of Poles under the Prussian and Russian partitions, to be brought to public attention in the West. The authors trace the process of disseminating information to the intellectual communities of Paris, Rome and London based on participant accounts, reports, propaganda pamphlets, the press from the period and secondary literature. They conclude that propaganda campaigns reached a relatively narrow group of intellectuals, writers, members of the artistic community, journalists, and to a lesser extent, parliamentarians. Although the information campaign could not immediately alter the previously established stereotypes, its specific effects could be observed during the Great War and at the Paris Peace Conference.
Wiedza i postawy mieszkańców gminy Czaplinek w zakresie profilaktyki raka jelita grubego
Authors: Jaroszyńska Zuzanna , Andrusiewicz Mirosław , Wiśniewska Katarzyna
Published: January 2022

Wprowadzenie i cel: Rak jelita grubego (C18-C21) stanowi obecnie w Polsce drugą wśród mężczyzn i trzecią wśród kobiet przyczynę zgonów nowotworowych. Celem pracy była ocena wiedzy oraz postaw mieszkańców gminy Czaplinek w zakresie profilaktyki raka jelita grubego.

Materiał i metoda: Badanie przeprowadzono w okresie od października do grudnia 2020 roku wśród 238 mieszkańców gminy Czaplinek, położonej w województwie zachodniopomorskim, w powiecie drawskim. Narzędzie badawcze stanowił autorski kwestionariusz ankiety, składający się z 22 pytań o charakterze zamkniętym. Otrzymane wyniki opracowano w arkuszu kalkulacyjnym Microsoft® Excel® 2016 MSO i poddano analizie statystycznej przy użyciu oprogramowania Statistica® (TIBCO Software Inc.).

Wyniki: Przeważająca część ankietowanych (74,8%) wiedziała, że wczesne zdiagnozowanie raka jelita grubego znacząco zwiększa szanse na jego wyleczenie. Tylko połowa respondentów (50,8%) miała świadomość tego, że nowotwór ten może rozwijać się bezobjawowo. Znajomość czynników ryzyka oraz objawów raka jelita grubego w grupie badanej była niska. Ogólny poziom wiedzy respondentów na temat raka jelita grubego i jego profilaktyki był najczęściej dostateczny (62,5%). Niespełna jedna trzecia ankietowanych (31,5%) słyszała o Programie Badań Przesiewowych raka jelita grubego.

Wnioski: Poziom wiedzy oraz postaw mieszkańców gminy Czaplinek w zakresie raka jelita grubego i jego profilaktyki jest zdecydowanie niezadowalający. Istnieje pilna potrzeba prowadzenia intensywnych działań edukacyjnych, skupiających się przede wszystkim na promowaniu badań przesiewowych w kierunku raka jelita grubego.
Niemiecko-sowiecka wymiana uchodźców wiosną 1940 r. w świetle dokumentów niemieckich władz okupacyjnych
Authors: Przegiętka Marcin
Published: January 2022

Artykuł dotyczy przeprowadzonej przez Niemcy i ZSRS wiosną 1940 r. wymiany uchodźców – obywateli II RP. Przedstawiono okoliczności zawarcia porozumienia (w kontekście realizowanych przez oba państwa migracji – jak np. sprowadzenia do Rzeszy volksdeutschów z dawnych Kresów Wschodnich II RP na przełomie 1939 i 1940 r.), przebieg wymiany uchodźców i jej bilans. Celem artykułu jest weryfikacja i uzupełnienie dotychczasowych ustaleń w tym zakresie.
Żydzi w krakowskim samorządzie. O książce Hanny Kozińskiej-Witt Politycy czy klakierzy? Żydzi w krakowskiej radzie miejskiej w XIX wieku, Kraków 2019
Authors: Makowski Krzysztof A.
Published: January 2022

Niniejszy artykuł zawiera refleksje na temat książki Hanny Kozińskiej-Witt pt. Politycy czy klakierzy? Żydzi w krakowskiej radzie miejskiej w XIX wieku (Kraków 2019). Autorka za cel postawiła sobie weryfikację tezy, że aktywność żydowskich radnych była nieadekwatna do ich liczby. Posłużyła się teorią aren Dietlind Hüchtker. Książka składa się z wprowadzenia, czterech rozdziałów i ekskursu. W warstwie informacyjnej należy ją uznać za wartościową. W zestawieniu z wcześniejszymi publikacjami na temat udziału Żydów w krakowskiej radzie miejskiej porusza szerszą gamę problemów i przynosi wiele nowych ustaleń. Gorzej wypada warstwa konstrukcyjna i ogólnie warsztatowa.
Nadie sabe lo que puede un texto. Relato y precariedad en El entusiasmo y Frágiles, de Remedios Zafra.
Authors: Asencio Navarro Raúl Enrique
Published: January 2022

Frente a las formas de disgregación y fragmentación de la identidad propios del capitalismo contemporáneo y, en concreto de los oficios creativos, los ensayos El entusiasmo y Frágiles, ambos de Remedios Zafra, ofrecen varias posibilidades que abren espacios para la subjetivación. En este estudio prestaremos atención al personaje de Sibila como referente colectivo y a la función política de la escritura íntima.
Narrativas televisivas en contexto de crisis. El COVID-19 en las series de ficción televisiva española.
Authors: Mateos-Pérez Javier
Published: January 2022

Este artículo analiza la representación sobre la crisis del COVID-19 que han realizado las series de ficción televisiva española, producidas y emitidas durante la crisis: Jo tambe em quedo a casa (TV3, 2020); Diarios de la cuarentena (TVE, 2020); En casa (HBO, 2020); Relatos con-fin-a-2 (Amazon Prime Video, 2020) y Cuéntame (TVE, 2021). Se propone una metodología cualitativa, el contexto de producción en la coyuntura de la pandemia y se efectúa el análisis textual (Casetti y DiChio, 1999) de las cinco producciones. Se concluye que la industria televisiva española mostró determinación, creatividad y adaptación frente al contexto de crisis, mientras que la ficción permite la catarsis y fabrica memoria colectiva aunque con escaso compromiso social.
Culpables, precarias y desiguales: apuntes críticos sobre la narrativa (im)popular de la Gran Recesión.
Authors: Martínez-Jiménez Laura
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo plantea un comentario crítico del relato popular de la Gran Recesión en el Estado español. Desde el marco teórico-interpretativo feminista de los estudios culturales y la economía, se identifican y analizan tres tropos de esta narrativa en/de crisis: la privatización de la culpa, la promesa de un futuro mejor frente a la normalización de la precariedad y la caracterización de la recesión como una “mancession”.
La imagen de África en las Campañas de las ONG. Del Efecto Shock a la Comunicación Poshumanitaria.
Authors: Barranquero Alejandro
Published: January 2022

La intención de este artículo es analizar la evolución de la imagen pública de María Teresa León a lo largo de tres fases: una primera marcada por su presencia activa e influyente durante la Segunda República y la Guerra Civil; una segunda determinada por el silencio y el ostracismo, que se inicia con el exilio y alcanza hasta la Transición; y una tercera de recuperación, impulsada por los estudios desde la perspectiva de género y la búsqueda de modelos y referentes. La metodología seguida se basa tanto en la revisión iconográfica y el análisis de las fuentes, prensa periódica y fondos fotográficos públicos y privados, como en estudiar su repercusión bibliográfica.
Influencers y publicidad encubierta en las redes sociales.
Authors: Cabrera Caro Leticia
Published: January 2022

El empeño por garantizar el principio de autenticidad en la publicidad difundida por influencers en las redes sociales ha tenido como resultado la redacción y aprobación del Código de conducta sobre el uso de ‘influencers’ en la publicidad, promovido por la Asociación Española de Anunciantes (AEA), Autocontrol y la Secretaría de Estado de Digitalización e Inteligencia Artificial, que entró en vigor en enero de 2021. En los pocos meses de vida, el Jurado de la Publicidad de Autocontrol ha emitido seis dictámenes y cuatro resoluciones en aplicación de la norma cinco, referida precisamente a la exigencia de la identificación clara e indubitada del carácter publicitario de cualquier comunicación que pretenda este fin, dada la creciente tendencia de las marcas comerciales a utilizar perfiles de influencers para realizar publicidad (encubierta) sin que los usuarios sean conscientes de ello. En este trabajo se analiza la suficiencia de las medidas actuales de autorregulación para garantizar el principio de autenticidad de la publicidad, en particular cuando ésta tiene lugar a través de redes sociales y bajo la apariencia de imparcialidad de un influencer.
Los derechos de propiedad intelectual sobre los programas de ordenador según la legislación de la Unión Europea.
Authors: Puerta Domínguez Enrique Manuel
Published: January 2022

El presente estudio aborda, respecto de la protección legal de los programas de ordenador en la normativa y jurisprudencia europea, si resulta suficiente el sistema de protección elegido para éstos, circunscrita al ámbito de la propiedad intelectual de modo específico, o si por el contrario habría que reforzarlos mediante el sistema de los derechos de patente propios del entorno industrial. La solución finalmente elegida, tras una trayectoria vacilante sería la de un derecho de la propiedad intelectual específico, con ciertos tintes o influencias que algunos quieren ver procedentes del Derecho de patentes. Se trata de una normativa que, dejando no pocas lagunas aplicativas en cuanto a su práctica y empleo para dirimir la conflictividad jurídica, es puntualmente asistida por la jurisprudencia informadora del Tribunal de Justicia europeo a requerimiento de las jurisdicciones nacionales. El presente artículo analiza los pronunciamientos más significativos recaídos desde los últimos tiempos hasta la actualidad.
Galactic Air Improves Ancillary Revenues with Dynamic Personalized Pricing
Authors: Kolbeinsson Arinbjörn , Shukla Naman , Gupta Akhil , Marla Lavanya , Yellepeddi Kartik
Published: January 2022

Ancillaries are a rapidly growing source of revenue for airlines, yet their prices are currently statically determined using rules of thumb and are matched only to the average customer or to customer groups. Offering ancillaries at dynamic and personalized prices based on flight characteristics and customer needs could greatly improve airline revenue and customer satisfaction. Through a start-up (Deepair) that builds and deploys novel machine learning techniques to introduce such dynamically priced ancillaries to airlines, we partnered with a major European airline, Galactic Air (pseudonym), to build models and algorithms for improved pricing. These algorithms recommend dynamic personalized ancillary prices for a stream of features (called context) relating to each shopping session. Our recommended prices are restricted to be lower than the human-curated prices for each customer group. We designed and compared multiple machine learning models and deployed the best-performing ones live on the airline’s booking system in an online A/B testing framework. Over a six-month live implementation period, our dynamic pricing system increased the ancillary revenue per offer by 25% and conversion rate by 15% compared with the industry standard of human-curated rule-based prices.
Green to Gone? Regional Institutional Logics and Firm Survival in Moral Markets
Authors: Vedula Siddharth , York Jeffrey G. , Conger Michael , Embry Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

A growing body of scholarship studies the emergence of moral markets—sectors offering market-based solutions to social and environmental issues. To date, researchers have largely focused on the drivers of firm entry into these values-laden sectors. However, we know comparatively little about postentry dynamics or the determinants of firm survival in moral markets. This study examines how regional institutional logics—spatially bound, socially constructed meaning systems that legitimize specific practices and goals within a community—shape firm survival in emerging moral markets. Using a unique panel of firms entering the first eight years of the U.S. green building supply industry, we find that (1) a regional market logic amplifies the impacts of market forces by increasing the positive impact of market adoption and the negative impact of localized competition on firm survival, (2) a regional proenvironmental logic dampens the impacts of adoption and competition on firm survival, and (3) institutional complexity—the co-occurrence of both market and proenvironmental logics in a region—negates the traditional advantages of de alio (diversifying incumbent) firms, creating an opportunity for de novo (entrepreneurial entrant) firms to compete more effectively. Our study integrates research on industry emergence, institutional logics, and firm survival to address important gaps in our knowledge regarding the evolution and growth of environmental entrepreneurship in moral markets.

Funding: J. G. York thankfully acknowledges support from the Michael and Sherri Miske Faculty Research Award given by the Leeds School of Business, University of Colorado, Boulder.
Approximations and Optimal Control for State-Dependent Limited Processor Sharing Queues
Authors: Gupta Varun , Zhang Jiheng
Published: January 2022

The paper studies approximations and control of a processor sharing (PS) server where the service rate depends on the number of jobs occupying the server. The control of such a system is implemented by imposing a limit on the number of jobs that can share the server concurrently, with the rest of the jobs waiting in a first-in-first-out (FIFO) buffer. A desirable control scheme should strike the right balance between efficiency (operating at a high service rate) and parallelism (preventing small jobs from getting stuck behind large ones). We use the framework of heavy-traffic diffusion analysis to devise near optimal control heuristics for such a queueing system. However, although the literature on diffusion control of state-dependent queueing systems begins with a sequence of systems and an exogenously defined drift function, we begin with a finite discrete PS server and propose an axiomatic recipe to explicitly construct a sequence of state-dependent PS servers that then yields a drift function. We establish diffusion approximations and use them to obtain insightful and closed-form approximations for the original system under a static concurrency limit control policy. We extend our study to control policies that dynamically adjust the concurrency limit. We provide two novel numerical algorithms to solve the associated diffusion control problem. Our algorithms can be viewed as “average cost” iteration: The first algorithm uses binary-search on the average cost, while the second faster algorithm uses Newton-Raphson method for root finding. Numerical experiments demonstrate the accuracy of our approximation for choosing optimal or near-optimal static and dynamic concurrency control heuristics.
Shared genetic liability between major depressive disorder and osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhang Fuquan , Rao Shuquan , Baranova Ancha
Published: January 2022

Aims

Deciphering the genetic relationships between major depressive disorder (MDD) and osteoarthritis (OA) may facilitate an understanding of their biological mechanisms, as well as inform more effective treatment regimens. We aim to investigate the mechanisms underlying relationships between MDD and OA in the context of common genetic variations.

Methods

Linkage disequilibrium score regression was used to test the genetic correlation between MDD and OA. Polygenic analysis was performed to estimate shared genetic variations between the two diseases. Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis was used to investigate causal relationships between MDD and OA. Genomic loci shared between MDD and OA were identified using cross-trait meta-analysis. Fine-mapping of transcriptome-wide associations was used to prioritize putatively causal genes for the two diseases.

Results

MDD has a significant genetic correlation with OA (rg= 0.29) and the two diseases share a considerable proportion of causal variants. Mendelian randomization analysis indicates that genetic liability to MDD has a causal effect on OA (bxy= 0.24) and genetic liability to OA conferred a causal effect on MDD (bxy= 0.20). Cross-trait meta-analyses identified 29 shared genomic loci between MDD and OA. Together with fine-mapping of transcriptome-wide association signals, our results suggest that Estrogen Receptor 1 ( ESR1), SRY-Box Transcription Factor 5 ( SOX5), and Glutathione Peroxidase 1 ( GPX1) may have therapeutic implications for both MDD and OA.

Conclusion

The study reveals substantial shared genetic liability between MDD and OA, which may confer risk for one another. Our findings provide a novel insight into phenotypic relationships between MDD and OA. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(1):12–22.
Performance of Digital Drone Signage System Based on DUET
Authors: Sim Isaac , Sun Young Ghyu , Kim Soo Hyun , Lee SangWoon , Kim Cheong Ghil , Kim Jin Young
Published: January 2022

In this letter, we study a scenario based on degenerate unmixing estimation technique (DUET) that separates original signals from mixture of FHSS signals with two antennas. We have shown that the assumptions for separating mixed signals in DUET can be applied to drone based digital signage recognition signals and proposed the DUET-based separation scheme (DBSS) to classify the mixed recognition drone signals by extracting the delay and attenuation components of the mixture signal through the likelihood function and the short-term Fourier transform (STFT). In addition, we propose an iterative algorithm for signal separation with the conventional DUET scheme. Numerical results showed that the proposed algorithm is more separation-efficient compared to baseline schemes. DBSS can separate all signals within about 0.56 seconds when there are fewer than nine signage signals.
Mining Simple Path Traversal Patterns in Knowledge Graph
Authors: Xiong Feng , Wang Hongzhi
Published: January 2022

The data mining has remained a subject of unfailing charm for research. The knowledge graph is rising and showing infinite life force and strong developing potential in recent years, where it is observed that acyclic knowledge graph has capacity for enhancing usability. Though the development of knowledge graphs has provided an ample scope for appearing the abilities of data mining, related researches are still insufficient. In this paper, we introduce path traversal patterns mining to knowledge graph. We design a novel simple path traversal pattern mining framework for improving the representativeness of result. A divide-and-conquer approach of combining each path is proposed to discover the most frequent traversal patterns in knowledge graph. To support the algorithm, we design a linked list structure indexed by the length of sequences with handy operations. The correctness of algorithm is proven. Experiments show that our algorithm reaches a high coverage with low output amounts compared to existing frequent sequence mining algorithms.
Analisis Tingkat Kegempaan Wilayah Jawa Timur berbasis Distribusi Spasial dan Temporal Magnitude Of Completeness (Mc), A-Value Dan B-Value
Authors: Chasanah Uswatun , Handoyo Eko
Published: January 2022

Distribusi spasial dan temporal dari parameter seismisitas yang terdiri dari magnitude of completeness (Mc), a-value, dan b-value telah dihitung sebagai upaya untuk menganalisis tingkat kegempaan wilayah Jawa Timur. Parameter tersebut dihitung berdasarkan data katalog gempa bumi International Seismological Center (ISC) dalam rentang waktu antara tahun 1980-2020. Tujuan dari penelitian iniadalah untuk menentukan parameter seismisitas dan distribusi spasial dan temporalnya sehingga proses deteksi dan peringatan dini gempa bumi di Jawa Timur dapat berjalan secara optimal. Parameter seismistas dihitung dengan menggunakan metode Maximum Curvature (MaxC). Metode MaxC dalam menentukan parameter seismisitas terdiri dari proses menentukan titik kelengkungan maksimum dengan menghitung nilai maksimum dari turunan pertama kurva distribusi Frekuensi-Magnitudo (FMD). Variasi parameter seismisitas kemudian dipetakan secara spasial dan temporal setiap sepuluh tahun dalam kurun waktu 50 tahun terakhir untuk melihat perubahan variasi parameter seismisitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Mc-value 3,4 – 4,8; a-value 5,560 - 8,244; dan b-value (0,73 – 0,82 ± 0.13). Daerah yang memiliki b-value rendah (0,73 ± 0.13) berada di sekitar wilayah selatandai Jawa Timur. Wilayah ini diindikasikan sebagai daerah dengan pelepasan momen seismik yang tinggi dan memiliki akumulasi tingkat stress batuan yang tinggi. Mengetahui dan memahami hubungan antara parameter seismistas dan struktur tektonik dapat membantu kita untuk menentukan tingkat resiko bencana gempa bumi di wilayah Jawa Timur.
Changing Caribbean geographies: connections in flora, fauna and patterns of settlement from Indian inheritances
Authors: Samaroo Brinsley
Published: January 2022

There can be no doubt that Indian immigration to the plantation colonies changed the geography of those colonies. However, most analyses have dealt with the sugar industry in the colonies after the abolition of slavery. This paper will argue that, apart from the sugar industry, Indian labour and ingenuity made other significant contributions to plantation economies. The girmityas (agreement signers) were well aware that they were going to agricultural occupations so they took with them an amazing array of dried fruits, seeds and cuttings, which survived the long crossing, adding to the flora of the plantations. Armed with this foreknowledge, the jahajis packed these items into their jahaji bundles alongside the Tulsi Ramayan and the Holy Qu'ran. Animals too formed part of this international trade. Sheep, goats and poultry which were not eaten on the outward voyage were sent to the estates, where they multiplied. When dangerous snakes threatened plantation security, cages of mongoose were dispatched to the Caribbean where they bravely tackled venomous creatures. At the urging of Indian labourers with long experience in the sugar industry, the plantations' owners imported Brahma bulls and Zebu cattle, which revolutionised transport on the estates and provided leather, manure and meat to the wider population.

There is also the amazing story of the importation of hundreds of water buffaloes (bhaisa) from the Indo-Gangetic plains. Some nine breeds were imported and in the twentieth century Caribbean bio-geneticists were able to blend the best qualities of those Indian animals and created a new hybrid, the buffalypso, which combined the scientific name with Trinidad's fame as the land of the calypso. The buffalypso became a prized animal for haulage, meat, milk and leather and an item of export to Venezuela, Colombia, Miami and the wider Caribbean. Indian cultivars were continuously exported to the botanic gardens in the Caribbean and Indian forestry experts were sent to the region to advise on forest rehabilitation in the wake of large-scale deforestation, which sugar cultivation required. In these and other ways the physical character of the Caribbean underwent permanent change, which manifests itself today.
S. Bittle, L. Snider, S. Tombs and D. Whyte,
Revisiting Crimes of the Powerful: Marxism, Crime and Deviance
Authors: Fletcher Samantha
Published: January 2022

None
Benjamin Meiches,
The Politics of Annihilation: A Genealogy of Genocide
Authors: Afana Rimona
Published: January 2022

None
Sobre el origen y desarrollo de la conciencia política del movimiento estudiantil universitario chileno. De su conciencia anarquista a su antineoliberalismo. 1906-2012
Authors: Rivas Gabriel , Seiffer Tamara
Published: January 2022

El movimiento estudiantil chileno se impuso como un actor político de peso. En 2011, fue protagonista de la expresión más masiva y sostenida de una huelga política desde el fin de la dictadura, cuyas repercusiones siguen hasta la fecha. En el presente trabajo buscamos explicar la necesidad social de la acción política de este movimiento. Anclados en los desarrollos críticos a la economía política iniciados por Marx y Engels, avanzaremos por tres ciclos de la lucha de clases durante los cuales la conciencia política de las direcciones estudiantiles ha tenido distintas formas. Partiendo de entender a la conciencia como modo del ser social, esperamos contribuir al conocimiento objetivo de las formas aludidas como punto de partida para comprender las actuales determinaciones y potencias de la acción política de la clase obrera en Chile.
La movilización contra la sentencia de la Corte Suprema y los represores de la dictadura argentina
Authors: Quiroga Franco Javier Maximiliano
Published: January 2022

En el año 2017 la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación Argentina dictó una sentencia que dejó en libertad a un condenado por crímenes de lesa humanidad cometidos en el marco de la última dictadura militar. Contra la decisión el movimiento por los derechos humanos convocó a una movilización que congregó a cientos de miles de personas. El día de la protesta, el Congreso sancionó una ley que tornó inaplicable el fallo y, luego, el máximo tribunal cambió su postura. El artículo se centra en la estructura de oportunidades políticas que posibilitó la victoria del movimiento: la división entre las élites, los clivajes abiertos desde la transición democrática a propósito de la construcción de la memoria histórica, el contexto internacional y el proceso de opinión pública favorable al reclamo del movimiento.
Ressenya Jean-Gabirel Périot (2021): Retour à Reims (Fragments). Les Films de Pierre.
Authors: Freude León
Published: January 2022

Jean-Gabriel Périot (guió i direcció), Les Films de Pierre / Marie-Ange Luciani (producció). (2021). Retour à Reims. [Fragments]. Eribon, D. (2009). Retour a Reims. París: Fayard.
Thomas Mann y el retorno de lo reprimido: vida u obra
Authors: Matos Kevin
Published: January 2022

Este ensayo explora el constante motivo fundamental que da cohesión a toda la obra de Thomas Mann: el «desplome de una actitud trabajosamente obtenida y cultivada a través de la inteligencia y la renuncia» y el «ululante triunfo del mundo de los instintos». Dicho de otro modo: el retorno de lo reprimido. Detrás de la extraordinaria congruencia y organicidad del universo poético manniano laten angustias eróticas que acuciaron al hombre de carne y hueso. Estas páginas exploran la transfiguración poética de tales pulsiones, en esencia homoeróticas, en obras como El pequeño señor Friedemann, El payaso, Tonio Kröger, Muerte en Venecia y La montaña mágica, entre otras, donde su autor alcanza admirables cúspides de silencio velado.
La movilización en tiempos de guerra. Los voluntarios alemanes en Chile durante la Primera Guerra Mundial: reacciones y problemas
Authors: Carrellan Ruiz Juan Luis
Published: January 2022

La historiografía chilena no ha analizado en profundidad los impactos que sobre la sociedad chilena causó la Primera Guerra Mundial. En este trabajo, pretendemos dar algunas respuestas sobre los comportamientos y los problemas a los que se enfrentaron los voluntarios alemanes residentes en Chile que pretendieron llegar al frente europeo, así como acerca de la organización de la retaguardia de la colonia alemana en este país americano.
Vivir en tiempos de pestilencia
Authors: Arrizabalaga Jon
Published: January 2022

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Ventas disimuladas de oficios, granjerías y corruptelas en el Estado de Brasil a inicios del siglo XVII. Prácticas sociales y límites del poder real
Authors: Santos Pérez José Manuel
Published: January 2022

La puesta en marcha de una serie de reformas en diversos ámbitos, destacando la Hacienda, en el territorio de la América portuguesa durante las décadas iniciales del siglo xvii, chocó con una realidad colonial complicada. Obstáculos sociales, políticos y mentales junto con las contradicciones de la política real, condujeron al fracaso del plan reformista y al mantenimiento de prácticas como la venta disimulada de oficios o el abuso en el cobro de granjerías, consideradas «corruptelas» por algunos oficiales.

Palabras clave: Brasil, unión ibérica, venalidad, corrupción, reformas.
(Re)pensando el derecho a la ciudad desde los Centros Sociales Okupados
Authors: Tutor Anton Aritz
Published: January 2022

El derecho a la ciudad se ha convertido en un marco de significado tan amplio que ha perdido parte de su sentido y de su fuerza transformadora. Con tal de aproximarnos a una experiencia que pueda conectar con el concepto primigenio de Lefebvre y reivindicar su vigencia, tomaremos como referencia los Centros Sociales Okupados (CSO). Estos son la prueba de la importancia de espacializar el derecho a la ciudad, con infraestructuras que mantengan las tradiciones combativas y continúen las diversas luchas. En concreto, y para comprender mejor el alcance de este planteamiento teórico, el artículo estudia dos Centros Sociales Okupados en la ciudad de Barcelona, La Vaina y Can Masdeu. El texto cierra con unas conclusiones en el que se sintetizan los principales resultados: que la disputa por lo urbano pasa por apelar a las dimensiones concretas de los derechos y que los Centros Sociales Okupados, como espacios de y para el encuentro, juegan ese rol.
Laser energy prediction with ensemble neural networks for high-power laser facility
Authors: Lu Zou , Yuanchao Geng , Guodong Liu , Lanqin Liu , Fengdong Chen , Bingguo Liu , Dongxia Hu , Wei Zhou , Zhitao Peng
Published: January 2022

The energy accuracy of laser beams is an essential property of the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) facility. However, the energy gain is difficult to control precisely by traditional Frantz-Nodvik equations due to the dramatically-increasing complexity of the huge optical system. A novel method based on ensemble deep neural networks is proposed to predict the laser output energy of the main amplifier. The artificial neural network counts in 39 more related factors that the physical model neglected, and an ensemble method is exploited to obtain robust and stable predictions. The sensitivity of each factor is analyzed by saliency after training to find out the factors which should be controlled strictly. The identification of factor sensitivities reduces relatively unimportant factors, simplifying the neural network model with little effect on the prediction results. The predictive accuracy is benchmarked against the measured energy and the proposed method obtains a relative deviation of 1.59% in prediction, which has a 2.5 times improvement in accuracy over the conventional method.
Dispersive wave generation at 4 µm in a dispersion-engineered fluorotellurite fiber pumped by a 1.98 µm femtosecond fiber laser
Authors: Guo Xiaohui , Meng Fanchao , Jia Zhixu , Jiao Yadong , Ohishi Yasutake , Qin Weiping , Qin Guanshi
Published: January 2022

We demonstrate dispersive wave generation at 4 µm in a dispersion-engineered fluorotellurite fiber pumped by a 1.98 µm femtosecond fiber laser. All-solid fluorotellurite fibers with a core diameter of ∼2.6 µm are fabricated by using a rod-in-tube method. The fluorotellurite fibers have two zero-dispersion wavelengths (ZDWs). The first ZDW is 1.328 µm and the second one is 3.551 µm. As the pump laser is launched into the fluorotellurite fiber, firstly, tunable mid-infrared Raman solitons are generated through higher order soliton compression, soliton fission and soliton self-frequency shift. Then, red-shifted dispersive wave at 4 µm is generated as those Raman solitons meet the second ZDW (∼3.551 µm) and soliton self-frequency shift cancellation occurs. Our results show that dispersion-engineered fluorotellurite fibers are promising nonlinear media for constructing all-fiber 4 µm light sources
Phase retrieval combined with the deep learning denoising method in holographic data storage
Authors: Hao Jianying , Lin Xiao , Chen Ruixian , Lin Yongkun , Liu Hongjie , Song Haiyang , Lin Dakui , Tan Xiaodi
Published: January 2022

We proposed a phase retrieval combined with the deep learning denoising method in holographic data storage. By learning the relationship between the captured intensity images and the simulation truth images, the deep learning convolutional neural network can have a good grasp of the complex noise patterns in the captured images. Therefore, we can denoise the single-shot captured image to improve image quality significantly. We used the denoised image to retrieve phase by combining single-shot iterative Fourier transform algorithm. The experiment results showed that the bit error rate can be reduced by 6.7 times using the denoised image, which proved the feasibility of the neural network denoising method in the phase-modulated holographic data storage system. We also analyzed the tolerances of our method to show its practicability.
Fault tolerant practical quantum digital signature against collective noises
Authors: Wu JiaYao , Yue LinYang , Xie JiaHui , Liu XiaoPeng , Zhang MingHui
Published: January 2022

Quantum digital signature (QDS) has been proved to be secure in theory, but will inevitably be interfered by channel noise during the practice transmission of qubits. We propose two practical fault tolerant quantum digital signature protocols for the collective noises. For resisting the collective noises, a decoherence-free subspace (DFS) containing four logical qubits has been constructed, which improves the performance of QDS protocols in terms of communication fidelity. Moreover, we prove that the protocols are secure against forging and repudiation attacks, and further discuss the influence of different verification thresholds on the security and give a quantitative analysis.
Depth from axial differential perspective
Authors: Faulhaber Andreas , Krächan Clara , Haist Tobias
Published: January 2022

We introduce an imaging-based passive on-axis technique for measuring the distance of individual objects in complex scenes. Two axially separated pupil positions acquire images (can be realized simultaneously or sequentially). Based on the difference in magnification for objects within the images, the distance to the objects can be inferred. The method avoids some of the disadvantages of passive triangulation sensors (e.g., correspondence, shadowing), is easy to implement and offers high lateral resolution. Due to the principle of operation it is especially suited for applications requiring only low to medium axial resolution. Theoretical findings, as well as follow-up experimental measurements, show obtainable resolutions in the range of few centimeters for distances of up to several meters.
WAPO-A1 is the causal gene of the 7AL QTL for spikelet number per spike in wheat
Authors: Kuzay Saarah , Lin Huiqiong , Li Chengxia , Chen Shisheng , Woods Daniel P. , Zhang Junli , Lan Tianyu , von Korff Maria , Dubcovsky Jorge
Published: January 2022

Improving our understanding of the genes regulating grain yield can contribute to the development of more productive wheat varieties. Previously, a highly significant QTL affecting spikelet number per spike (SNS), grain number per spike (GNS) and grain yield was detected on chromosome arm 7AL in multiple genome-wide association studies. Using a high-resolution genetic map, we established that the A-genome homeolog of WHEAT ORTHOLOG OF APO1 (WAPO-A1) was a leading candidate gene for this QTL. Using mutants and transgenic plants, we demonstrate in this study that WAPO-A1 is the causal gene underpinning this QTL. Loss-of-function mutants wapo-A1 and wapo-B1 showed reduced SNS in tetraploid wheat, and the effect was exacerbated in wapo1 combining both mutations. By contrast, spikes of transgenic wheat plants carrying extra copies of WAPO-A1 driven by its native promoter had higher SNS, a more compact spike apical region and a smaller terminal spikelet than the wild type. Taken together, these results indicate that WAPO1 affects SNS by regulating the timing of terminal spikelet formation. Both transgenic and wapo1 mutant plants showed a wide range of floral abnormalities, indicating additional roles of WAPO1 on wheat floral development. Previously, we found three widespread haplotypes in the QTL region (H1, H2 and H3), each associated with particular WAPO-A1 alleles. Results from this and our previous study show that the WAPO-A1 allele in the H1 haplotype (115-bp deletion in the promoter) is expressed at significantly lower levels in the developing spikes than the alleles in the H2 and H3 haplotypes, resulting in reduced SNS. Field experiments also showed that the H2 haplotype is associated with the strongest effects in increasing SNS and GNS (H2>H3>H1). The H2 haplotype is already present in most modern common wheat varieties but is rare in durum wheat, where it might be particularly useful to improve grain yield.
Factors influencing physical distancing compliance among young adults during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: A photovoice mixed methods study
Authors: Junaedi Ahmad , Ong Ken Ing Cherng , Rachmatullah Fauzan , Shibanuma Akira , Kiriya Junko , Jimba Masamine
Published: January 2022

The spreading of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is growing out of control in Indonesia since the first two confirmed cases were announced in March 2020. Physical distancing measures are key to slowing down COVID-19 transmission. This study investigated factors associated with physical distancing compliance among young adults in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area, Indonesia. A convergent photovoice mixed methods design was used. Quantitatively, using data from 330 young adults in Jakarta Metropolitan Area, Indonesia, physical distancing compliance scores and its associated factors were analyzed with hierarchical linear regression. Responses from 18 young adults in online focus group discussions and 29 young adults in photovoice were analyzed with thematic analysis. Then, the findings were integrated using joint displays. The mean compliance score of young adults was 23.2 out of 27.0. The physical distancing compliance score was higher among those who worked or studied from home (β = 0.14, p <0.05), compared with those who resumed work at an office or study at school. Celebrating religious days (β = −0.15, p <0.05) and having hometown in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area (β = −0.12, p <0.05) were negatively associated with higher physical distancing compliance scores. Joint displays expanded the reasons for workplace policy, awareness, and social pressure as facilitators and barriers to compliance. Young adults’ physical distancing compliance scores were high, but they are at risk of not complying due to religious events and changes in workplace policies. Beyond individual efforts, external factors, such as workplace policies and social pressure, play a major role to influence their physical distancing compliance.
Sarcopenia assessed by 4-step EWGSOP2 in elderly hemodialysis patients: Feasibility and limitations
Authors: Sánchez-Tocino M. Luz , Miranda-Serrano Blanca , Gracia-Iguacel Carolina , de-Alba-Peñaranda Ana María , Mas-Fontao Sebastian , López-González Antonio , Villoria-González Silvia , Pereira-García Mónica , Ortíz Alberto , González-Parra Emilio
Published: January 2022

Background

In 2019, EWGSOP2 proposed 4 steps to diagnose and assess sarcopenia. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of sarcopenia according to the EWGSOP2 diagnostic algorithm and to assess its applicability in elderly patients on hemodialysis.

Methods

Prospective study of 60 outpatients on chronic hemodialysis aged 75- to 95-years, sarcopenia was assessed according to the 4-step EWGSOP2: Find: Strength, Assistance walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls (SARC-F); Assess: grip strength by dynamometry (GSD) and sit to stand to sit 5 (STS5); Confirm: appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) by bioimpedance; Severity: gait speed (GS), Timed-Up and Go (TUG), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB).

Results

The sequential four steps resulted in a prevalence of confirmed or severe sarcopenia of 20%. Most (97%) patients fulfilled at least one criterion for probable sarcopenia. The sensitivity of SARC-F for confirmed sarcopenia was low (46%). Skipping the SARC-F step increased the prevalence of confirmed and severe sarcopenia to 40% and 37%, respectively. However, 78% of all patients had evidence of dynapenia consistent with severe sarcopenia. Muscle mass (ASM) was normal in 60% of patients, while only 25% had normal muscle strength values (GSD).

Conclusions

According to the 4-step EWGSOP2, the prevalence of confirmed or severe sarcopenia was low in elderly hemodialysis patients. The diagnosis of confirmed sarcopenia underestimated the prevalence of dynapenia consistent with severe sarcopenia. Future studies should address whether a 2-step EWGSOP2 assessment (Assess-Severity) is simpler to apply and may provide better prognostic information than 4-step EWGSOP2 in elderly persons on hemodialysis.
The risk of fatal bleeding complications in jugular catheterization in patients with coagulopathy: A retrospective analysis of death cases in closed claims and the Medical Accident Investigating System in Japan
Authors: Otaki Yasuhiro , Fujishiro Naofumi , Oyama Yasuaki , Hata Naoko , Kato Daisuke , Kawachi Shoji
Published: January 2022

Background

To prevent recurrence of medical accidents, the Medical Accident Investigating System was implemented in October 2015 by the Japan Medical Safety Research Organization (Medsafe Japan) to target deaths from medical care that were unforeseen by the administrator. Medsafe Japan analyzed the 10 cases of central venous catheterization-related deaths reported in the system and published recommendations in March 2017. However, the particular emphasis for the prevention of central venous catheterization-related deaths is unclear.

Methods

This study aimed to identify the recommendation points that should be emphasized to prevent recurrence of central venous catheterization-related deaths. We assessed central venous catheterization in 8530 closed-claim cases between January 2002 and December 2016 covered by the medical insurer Sompo-Japan. Moreover, we compared central venous catheterization-related death in closed-claim cases with death in reported cases.

Results

The background, error type, anatomic insertion site, and fatal complication data were evaluated for 37 closed-claim cases, of which 12 (32.4%) were death cases. Of the 12 closed-claim cases and 10 reported cases, 9 (75.0%) closed-claim cases and 9 (90.0%) reported cases were related to vascular access. Among these, 5 closed-claim cases (41.7%) and 7 reported cases (77.8%) were related to internal jugular vein catheterization (p = 0.28). Coagulopathy was observed in 3 (60.0%) of 5 closed-claim cases and 6 (85.7%) of 7 reported cases.

Conclusions

The risk of internal jugular catheterization in patients with coagulopathy must be carefully considered.