bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High rates of potentially infectious exposures between immunocompromised patients and their companion animals: an unmet need for education
Authors: Gurry Greta A. , Campion Veronique , Premawardena Chamath , Woolley Ian , Shortt Jake , Bowden Donald K. , Kaplan Zane , Dendle Claire
Published: March 2017

A cross‐sectional survey of 265 adult patients with haematological malignancy, haemoglobinopathy or human immunodeficiency virus was performed to determine the potential risk of infection from animal exposures. One hundred and thirty‐seven (52%) owned an animal; the majority were dogs (74%) and cats (39%), but 14% owned birds and 3% reptiles. Eighty percent engaged in behaviour with their animals that potentially put them at risk of zoonotic infections. The most frequent behaviours were picking up animal faeces 72 (52%), cleaning animal areas 69 (50%) and allowing animals to sleep in the same bed 51 (37%). Twenty‐eight percent allowed the animal to lick their face. Of all patients, 80 (30%) had been bitten or scratched by an animal. Only 16% of those who owned pets could recall receiving education regarding safe behaviours around animals. These immunocompromised patients are at risk of infection through exposure to pets. Our study highlights the need for increased education of patients regarding how to remain safe around their pets.
The importance of patient‐centred care to overcome barriers in the management of actinic keratosis
Authors: Cerio R.
Published: March 2017

Visible actinic keratosis (AK) lesions and subclinical (non‐visible) sun damage in the field of cancerization are associated with risk of both non‐melanoma skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and, more rarely, melanoma. As the incidences of AK and skin cancer are increasing, effective prevention and treatment of AK is essential to minimize disease burden and improve patient quality of life. Currently, AK lesions are often left untreated and field therapies are underused. Patient‐centred care, with a focus on the patient‐physician relationship, has proven cost‐effective, and improved clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction in a number of therapy areas. Strategies for applying patient‐centred care to AK are warranted. Existing barriers to the effective treatment of AK were identified and patient‐centric strategies to overcome each barrier were discussed. Barriers to effective AK treatment include poor disease awareness (for both patient and physician), concerns associated with the cosmetic effects of treatment, treatment‐related side effects, cost perceptions for lesion‐directed vs field‐directed therapies, and inadequate adherence, particularly with long treatment duration. Overcoming these barriers will involve patient and physician education that promotes: disease prevention and awareness; the importance of self‐examination; an understanding of treatment options; and the importance of adherence to treatment. To maximize its effectiveness, education should be delivered within a patient‐centric framework, where the relationship between patient and physician is built on effective communication, empathy and a feeling of partnership. Patient‐centric care, including patient education, is key to overcoming the barriers associated with effective AK treatment.
Statistically Modeling Individual Students’ Learning Over Successive Collaborative Practice Opportunities
Authors: Olsen Jennifer , Aleven Vincent , Rummel Nikol
Published: March 2017

Within educational data mining, many statistical models capture the learning of students working individually. However, not much work has been done to extend these statistical models of individual learning to a collaborative setting, despite the effectiveness of collaborative learning activities. We extend a widely used model (the additive factors model) to account for the effect of collaboration on individual learning, including having the help of a partner and getting to observe/help a partner. We find evidence that models that include these collaborative features have a better fit than the original models for performance data and that learning rates estimated using the extended models provide insights into how collaboration benefits individual students’ learning outcomes.
Common Factors' Role in Accredited MFT Training Programs
Authors: D'Aniello Carissa , Fife Stephen T.
Published: March 2017

Common factors proponents discuss the benefits and methods of including common factors in marriage and family therapy (MFT) training; yet there are no empirical investigations of how common factors are incorporated into MFT curricula. The purpose of this study was to obtain a baseline understanding of common factors' role in MFT training. Thirty‐one directors of COAMFTE‐ and CACREP‐accredited MFT training programs responded to a survey about the inclusion of common factors in their training program, as well as the benefits, challenges, and students' reactions to common factors training. Findings show that common factors are regularly included in MFT training programs and have garnered largely positive responses. Additional results are discussed regarding the implications of common factors in MFT training.
Fatal pulmonary acariasis in an aged indoor rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Johnson AL , Simonek GD , Keesler RI
Published: March 2017

Pulmonary acariasis is a sporadic, incidental finding in colony‐raised rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Prophylactic treatment in indoor‐raised and indoor‐housed macaques is not routine due to low prevalence, lack of clinical significance, and potential risk of toxicosis. This case is an unusually severe infestation of Pneumonyssus simicola in an indoor‐housed rhesus macaque, which ultimately resulted in this animal's death.
Recognizing Dementia: Constructing Deconstruction in a Danish Memory Clinic
Authors: Gjødsbøl Iben M. , Svendsen Mette N.
Published: March 2017

This article investigates how a person with dementia is made up through intersubjective acts of recognition. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in a Danish memory clinic, we show that identification of disease requires patients to be substituted by their relatives in constructing believable medical narratives; yet during memory testing, patients are not allowed any substitution to clearly expose cognitive shortcomings. In combining works of theorists Ian Hacking and Paul Ricoeur, we argue that the clinical identification of dementia unmakes the knowing subject, a deconstruction that threatens to misrecognize and humiliate the person under examination. The article ends by proposing that dementia be the condition that forces us to rethink our ways of recognizing persons more generally. Thus, dementia diagnostics provide insights into different enactments of the person that invite us to explore practices of substitution and modes of interaction emerging when our fundamental dependency becomes unquestionable.
Fever and prodromal infections in anti‐glomerular basement membrane disease
Authors: Gu Qiu‐hua , Xie Li‐jun , Jia Xiao‐yu , Ma Rui , Liao Yun‐hua , Cui Zhao , Zhao Ming‐hui
Published: March 2017

Aim

Anti‐glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease is an autoimmune disorder with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and alveolar haemorrhage. Fever symptoms and prodromal infections have been reported in many cases, but still not been elucidated.

Methods

Our study enrolled 140 consecutive patients with anti‐GBM disease and retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of fever symptoms and the possible reasons.

Results

Among the 140 patients, 94 (67.1%) patients presented with fever (over 37.5°C) prior to admission or within 48 h of hospitalization. Among those with fever, 74 (78.7%) patients had infections, 15 (16.0%) patients had positive serum anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, all towards myeloperoxidase, which was comparable to the patients without fever (17.4%, P = 0.830). There were 93/140 patients suffered from infections, with 47.3% in lungs and 31.2% on upper respiratory tract. In some cases, we identified the microbes of infections, including Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Hemolytic staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Citrobacter braakii. Patients with fever had higher levels of serum anti‐GBM antibodies (154.9 ± 58.4 vs. 106.0 ± 63.2 IU/mL, P < 0.001), higher serum creatinine (733.4 ± 402.5 vs. 580.6 ± 368.1 μmol/L, P = 0.032), higher percentage of crescents (87.0 ± 15.6 vs. 67.4 ± 37.6%, P = 0.021), and higher frequency of progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD) (80.9% vs. 60.9%, P = 0.011).

Conclusion

We concluded that fever is a common symptom in anti‐GBM disease and associates with more severe glomerulonephritis. The majority of patients at presentation had fever with respiratory tract infections, which needs further investigation to reveal their role in the pathogenesis of anti‐GBM disease.
Foraging strategy predicts foraging economy in a facultative secondary nectar robber
Authors: Richman Sarah K. , Irwin Rebecca E. , Bronstein Judith L.
Published: March 2017

In mutualistic interactions, the decision whether to cooperate or cheat depends on the relative costs and benefits of each strategy. In pollination mutualisms, secondary nectar robbing is a facultative behavior employed by a diverse array of nectar‐feeding organisms, and is thought to be a form of cheating. Primary robbers create holes in floral tissue through which they feed on nectar, whereas secondary robbers, which often lack chewing mouthparts, feed on nectar through existing holes. Because primary robbers make nectar more readily available to secondary robbers, primary robbers facilitate the behaviors of secondary robbers. However, the net effect of facilitation on secondary robber fitness has not been empirically tested: it is unknown whether the benefit secondary robbers receive is strong enough to overcome the cost of competing with primary robbers for a shared resource. We conducted foraging experiments using the bumble bee Bombus bifarius, which can alternatively forage ‘legitimately’ (from the floral opening) or secondary‐rob. We measured the relative foraging efficiencies (handling time per flower, flowers visited per minute, proportion of foraging bout spent consuming nectar) of these alternative behaviors, and tested whether the frequency of primary robbing and nectar standing crop in primary‐robbed flowers of Linaria vulgaris (Plantaginaceae) affected foraging efficiency. Surprisingly, there was no effect of primary robbing frequency on the foraging efficiency of secondary‐robbing B. bifarius. Instead, foraging strategy was a major predictor of foraging efficiency, with legitimate foraging being significantly more efficient than secondary robbing. Legitimate foraging was the more common strategy used by B. bifarius in our study; however, it is rarely used by B. bifarius foraging on L. vulgaris in nature, despite indications that it is more efficient. Our results suggest the need for deeper investigations into why bees adopt secondary robbing as a foraging strategy, specifically, the environmental contexts that promote the behavior.
Structure and function of complex I in animals and plants – a comparative view
Authors: Senkler Jennifer , Senkler Michael , Braun Hans‐Peter
Published: March 2017

The mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase complex (complex I) has a molecular mass of about 1000 kDa and includes 40–50 subunits in animals, fungi and plants. It is composed of a membrane arm and a peripheral arm and has a conserved L‐like shape in all species investigated. However, in plants and possibly some protists it has a second peripheral domain which is attached to the membrane arm on its matrix exposed side at a central position. The extra domain includes proteins resembling prokaryotic gamma‐type carbonic anhydrases. We here present a detailed comparison of complex I from mammals and flowering plants. Forty homologous subunits are present in complex I of both groups of species. In addition, five subunits are present in mammalian complex I, which are absent in plants, and eight to nine subunits are present in plant complex I which do not occur in mammals. Based on the atomic structure of mammalian complex I and biochemical insights into complex I architecture from plants we mapped the species‐specific subunits. Interestingly, four of the five animal‐specific and five of the eight to nine plant‐specific subunits are localized at the inner surface of the membrane arm of complex I in close proximity. We propose that the inner surface of the membrane arm represents a workbench for attaching proteins to complex I, which are not directly related to respiratory electron transport, like nucleoside kinases, acyl‐carrier proteins or carbonic anhydrases. We speculate that further enzyme activities might be bound to this micro‐location in other groups of organisms.
Vida, arquitectura y pleitos en dos clausuras virreinales de Lima, Perú: Las Descalzas de San José y Santa Clara (siglos XVII-XXI)
Authors: Scaletti Cárdenas Adriana N.
Published: March 2017

En este trabajo se presentan dos monasterios de clausura de la ciudad de Los Reyes de Lima: Las Descalzas de San  José y Nuestra Señora de la Peña de Francia, coloquialmente llamado Santa Clara. Ambos sirven como ejemplo para caracterizar la morfología arquitectónica tradicional de esta clase de conjuntos religiosos apenas comenzado el siglo XVII y durante los siguientes años del virreinato del Perú. Uno de los espacios típicos que se encuentran allí exclusivamente son las celdas residenciales de las monjas, objeto de particular interés de nuestro estudio en cuanto fueron ambientes construidos, codiciados, modificados, peleados –y poco estudiados desde la perspectiva física. Así, este trabajo utiliza documentos y fuentes primarias del Archivo Arzobispal de Lima, además de relevamientos y trabajo de campo para aproximarse al entendimiento del tema desde lo arquitectónico, tanto en cuanto a materialidad como en morfología, funcionalidad y manejo del espacio. El estudio parte de un proyecto más amplio que abarca un sector importante de la Lima tradicional; apunta, además, a contribuir en la creación de conocimiento para la conservación de conjuntos religiosos similares en la ciudad.
Una aproximación a los orígenes de sitios con relevancia colonial de la región pampeana argentina mediante el análisis de los escudos locales
Authors: Aylén Enrique Laura
Published: March 2017

En este trabajo nos preguntamos acerca de los modos en que se narra el pasado y el tipo de pasados que son legitimados desde ámbitos estatales en relación con una serie de sitios de relevancia durante el periodo colonial tardío. Nos centramos en la región pampeana argentina y estudiamos los casos de las actuales localidades de Macachín (provincia de La Pampa), Viedma (provincia de Río Negro), Carmen de Patagones, Mercedes y el partido de Tornquist (provincia de Buenos Aires). Nos propusimos analizar sus escudos locales con el objeto de indagar en la reconstrucción oficial del pasado colonial de estos lugares mediante los emblemas diseñados para representarlos.
Dicarboxylic acids analysed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Part I - propanedioic acid anhydrous
Authors: Ferreira, Josè M. , Trindade Gustavo F. , Tshulu Rene , Watts John F. , Baker Mark A.
Published: March 2017

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) was carried out to analyse a commercially available propanedioic acid (malonic acid)powder.XPS spectra were obtained using incident monochromatic Al Kα radiation at 1486.6 eV. A survey spectrum together with O 1s and C 1s core level spectra are presented. The presence of characteristiccarbon and oxygen photoelectrons peaks allows the use these results as a reference for dicarboxylic acids.
The relative effect of particles and turbulence on acoustic scattering from deep sea hydrothermal vent plumes revisited
Authors: Xu Guangyu , Jackson Darrell R. , Bemis Karen G.
Published: March 2017

The relative importance of suspended particles and turbulence as backscattering mechanisms within a hydrothermal plume located on the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge is determined by comparing acoustic backscatter measured by the Cabled Observatory Vent Imaging Sonar (COVIS) with model calculations based on in situ samples of particles suspended within the plume. Analysis of plume samples yields estimates of the mass concentration and size distribution of particles, which are used to quantify their contribution to acoustic backscatter. The result shows negligible effects of plume particles on acoustic backscatter within the initial 10-m rise of the plume. This suggests turbulence-induced temperature fluctuations are the dominant backscattering mechanism within lower levels of the plume. Furthermore, inversion of the observed acoustic backscatter for the standard deviation of temperature within the plume yields a reasonable match with the in situ temperature measurements made by a conductivity-temperature-depth instrument. This finding shows that turbulence-induced temperature fluctuations are the dominant backscattering mechanism and demonstrates the potential of using acoustic backscatter as a remote-sensing tool to measure the temperature variability within a hydrothermal plume.
Programmable and coherent crystallization of semiconductors
Authors: Yu Liyang , Niazi Muhammad R. , Ngongang Ndjawa Guy O. , Li Ruipeng , Kirmani Ahmad R. , Munir Rahim , Balawi Ahmed H. , Laquai Frédéric , Amassian Aram
Published: March 2017

Programmable crystallization of thin films produces patterns and bespoke microstructures for semiconductor applications.
Genome Editing in Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 with the CRISPR-Cas9 System
Authors: Wang Shaohua , Dong Sheng , Wang Pixiang , Tao Yong , Wang Yi
Published: March 2017

Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum
N1-4 is well known as a hyper-butanol-producing strain. However, the lack of genetic engineering tools hinders further elucidation of its solvent production mechanism and development of more robust strains. In this study, we set out to develop an efficient genome engineering system for this microorganism based on the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system. First, the functionality of the CRISPR-Cas9 system previously customized for
Clostridium beijerinckii
was evaluated in
C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum
by targeting
pta
and
buk
, two essential genes for acetate and butyrate production, respectively.
pta
and
buk
single and double deletion mutants were successfully obtained based on this system. However, the genome engineering efficiency was rather low (the mutation rate is <20%). Therefore, the efficiency was further optimized by evaluating various promoters for guide RNA (gRNA) expression. With promoter P

J23119

, we achieved a mutation rate of 75% for
pta
deletion without serial subculturing as suggested previously for
C. beijerinckii
. Thus, this developed CRISPR-Cas9 system is highly desirable for efficient genome editing in
C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum
. Batch fermentation results revealed that both the acid and solvent production profiles were altered due to the disruption of acid production pathways; however, neither acetate nor butyrate production was eliminated with the deletion of the corresponding gene. The butanol production, yield, and selectivity were improved in mutants, depending on the fermentation medium. In the
pta buk
double deletion mutant, the butanol production in P2 medium reached 19.0 g/liter, which is one of the highest levels ever reported from batch fermentations.

IMPORTANCE
An efficient CRISPR-Cas9 genome engineering system was developed for
C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum
N1-4. This paves the way for elucidating the solvent production mechanism in this hyper-butanol-producing microorganism and developing strains with desirable butanol-producing features. This tool can be easily adapted for use in closely related microorganisms. As also reported by others, here we demonstrated with solid data that the highly efficient expression of gRNA is the key factor determining the efficiency of CRISPR-Cas9 for genome editing. The protocol developed in this study can provide essential references for other researchers who work in the areas of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. The developed mutants can be used as excellent starting strains for development of more robust ones for desirable solvent production.
Lung ultrasound: a useful tool in the assessment of the dyspnoeic patient in the emergency department. Fact or fiction?
Authors: Wimalasena Yashvi , Kocierz Laura , Strong Dan , Watterson Joanna , Burns Brian
Published: March 2017

Patients with respiratory distress present a frequent and challenging dilemma for emergency physicians (EPs). The accurate diagnosis and treatment of the underlying pathology is vitally important in these sick patients to ensure the best outcome and minimise harm from unnecessary treatments. Within the last decade, studies have shown lung ultrasonography (LU) to be valuable in the accurate diagnosis of a variety of lung pathologies, including cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, haemothorax and pneumonia. However, despite advances in techniques and the evidence for the use of LU in the diagnosis of respiratory pathology, it remains poorly understood and rarely used by EPs. This clinical review article provides an overview of LU and its relevance as a diagnostic aid to the detection of respiratory pathology in the Emergency Department (ED).
Optical methods for measuring DNA folding
Authors: Smith Adam D. , Ukogu Obinna A. , Devenica Luka M. , White Elizabeth D. , Carter Ashley R.
Published: March 2017

One of the most important biological processes is the dynamic folding and unfolding of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The folding process is crucial for DNA to fit within the boundaries of the cell, while the unfolding process is essential for DNA replication and transcription. To accommodate both processes, the cell employs a highly active folding mechanism that has been the subject of intense study over the last few decades. Still, many open questions remain. What are the pathways for folding or unfolding? How does the folding equilibrium shift? And, what is the energy landscape for a particular process? Here, we review these emerging questions and the in vitro, optical methods that have provided answers, introducing the topic for those physicists seeking to step into biology. Specifically, we discuss two iconic experiments for DNA folding, the tethered particle motion (TPM) experiment and the optical tweezers experiment.
Practical Compact Indexes for Top-kDocument Retrieval
Authors: Gog Simon , Konow Roberto , Navarro Gonzalo
Published: March 2017

We present a fast and compact index for top-kdocument retrieval on general string collections, in which given a string pattern, the index returns thekdocuments where it appears most often. We adapt a linear-space and optimal-time theoretical solution, whose implementation poses various algorithm engineering challenges. Although a naive implementation of the optimal solution is estimated to require around 80nbytes for a text collection ofnsymbols, our implementation requires 2.5nto 3.0nbytes, text included, and answers queries within microseconds. This outperforms all previous practical indexes by orders of magnitude; the only index using less space is hundreds of times slower. Our index can be built on collections of hundreds of gigabytes and on tokenized text collections.
Ubiquitin in Cell-Cycle Regulation and Dysregulation in Cancer
Authors: Borg Natalie A. , Dixit Vishva M.
Published: March 2017

Uncontrolled cell proliferation and genomic instability are common features of cancer and can arise from, respectively, the loss of cell-cycle control and defective checkpoints. Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, ultimately executed by ubiquitin-ligating enzymes (E3s), plays a key part in cell-cycle regulation and is dominated by two multisubunit E3s, the anaphase-promoting complex (or cyclosome) (APC/C) and SKP1–cullin-1–F-box (SCF) complex. We highlight the role of APC/C and the SCF bound to F-box proteins, FBXW7, SKP2, and β-TrCP, in regulating the abundance of select fundamental proteins, primarily during the cell cycle, that are associated with human cancer. The clinical success of the first proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, in treating multiple myeloma and mantle-cell lymphoma set the precedent for viewing the ubiquitin–proteasome system as a druggable target for cancer. Given that there are more E3s than kinases, selective, small-molecule E3 inhibitors have the potential of opening up another dimension in the therapeutic armamentarium for the treatment of cancer.
The Role of Autophagy in Cancer
Authors: Santana-Codina Naiara , Mancias Joseph D. , Kimmelman Alec C.
Published: March 2017

Autophagy is a highly conserved and regulated process that targets proteins and damaged organelles for lysosomal degradation to maintain cell metabolism, genomic integrity, and cell survival. The role of autophagy in cancer is dynamic and depends, in part, on tumor type and stage. Although autophagy constrains tumor initiation in normal tissue, some tumors rely on autophagy for tumor promotion and maintenance. Studies in genetically engineered mouse models support the idea that autophagy can constrain tumor initiation by regulating DNA damage and oxidative stress. In established tumors, autophagy can also be required for tumor maintenance, allowing tumors to survive environmental stress and providing intermediates for cell metabolism. Autophagy can also be induced in response to chemotherapeutics, acting as a drug-resistance mechanism. Therefore, targeting autophagy is an attractive cancer therapeutic option currently undergoing validation in clinical trials.
Can an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (Sometimes) Make Things Worse?
Authors: Sharon Elad
Published: March 2017

Champiat and colleagues suggest that a small subset of patients at their center treated with PD1/PDL1 inhibitors appear to exhibit hyperprogression of disease. This commentary goes over some limitations in their preliminary analysis, a possible mechanism to explain the phenomenon, and a means by which other investigators can attempt to validate and further characterize these results. Clin Cancer Res; 23(8); 1879–81. ©2017 AACR.

See related article by Champiat et al., p. 1920
Fluorinated N,N'-Diarylureas As Novel Therapeutic Agents Against Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Kenlan Dasha E. , Rychahou Piotr , Sviripa Vitaliy M. , Weiss Heidi L. , Liu Chunming , Watt David S. , Evers B. Mark
Published: March 2017

Colorectal cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. More than 50% of patients with colorectal cancer will develop local recurrence or distant organ metastasis. Cancer stem cells play a major role in the survival and metastasis of cancer cells. In this study, we examined the effects of novel AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activating compounds on colorectal cancer metastatic and stem cell lines as potential candidates for chemotherapy. We found that activation of AMPK by all fluorinated N,N-diarylureas (FND) compounds at micromolar levels significantly inhibited the cell-cycle progression and subsequent cellular proliferation. In addition, we demonstrated that select FNDs significantly increased apoptosis in colorectal cancer metastatic and cancer stem cells. Therefore, FNDs hold considerable promise in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, through elimination of both regular cancer cells and cancer stem cells. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(5); 831–7. ©2017 AACR.
Clinical Significance of Wall Changes After Recanalization Therapy in Acute Stroke
Authors: Seo Woo-Keun , Oh Kyungmi , Suh Sang-il , Seol Hae Young
Published: March 2017

Background and Purpose—

Owing to the excellent recanalization rate of endovascular treatment, new outcome predictors are required for patients with acute stroke, who have sufficient recanalization. In this study, the effects of recanalization therapy on occluded arteries in patients with acute stroke were investigated using high-resolution vessel wall imaging.

Methods—

Twenty-nine patients with stroke were included in the study. High-resolution vessel wall imaging was performed on patients with acute stroke and adequate postrecanalization results. We characterized the postrecanalization arterial wall changes as concentric enhancements and plaques and examined the associations of the postrecanalization changes with procedural factors and neurological outcomes.

Results—

The most frequent high-resolution vessel wall imaging finding was concentric enhancement, which was associated with thrombectomy procedural factors such as the number of procedures and the type of device. Concentric enhancements were associated with hemorrhagic transformation, whereas plaque was not associated with procedural details.

Conclusions—

The use of high-resolution vessel wall imaging after successful recanalization can provide information about postrecanalization arterial wall changes and clinical outcomes.
The Cinema of Afflictions
Authors: Kirkwood Jeffrey West
Published: March 2017

Viktor Tausk was an early member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society whom Freud described as “clever and dangerous.” In his now famous paper „On the Origin of the ‘Influencing Machine’ in Schizophrenia,” Tausk discussed a rare variant of schizophrenia in which patients hallucinated persecution by a mysterious cinematographic machine. As Kirkwood argues, the paper surreptitiously offered the first psychoanalytic theory of film by explaining how a machine-and particularly an image-machine-could produce conditions of subjective identification, even if only in cases of extreme pathology. This was a threatening proposal to Freudian orthodoxy, as it not only drew an analogy between psychoanalysis and the cinema, which had long remained a forbidden object for members of Freud's circle but also seemed to resolve, at least partially, the long-standing agon between the psychophysiological apparatus and the symbolic operations of the ego.
Bulbophyllum yingjiangense, a new species from Yunnan, China: morphological and molecular evidence (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae)
Authors: ZHAI JUNWEN , CHEN XIUPING , CHEN YANQIONG , WANG BINGMOU
Published: March 2017

Bulbophyllum yingjiangense (Epidendroideae; Malaxideae), a new species from western Yunnan, China, is illustrated and described here based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. The new species is phylogenetically close to B. rothschildianum, and they are also similar in floral morphology. The new species differs in its yellowish green flowers without stripes, pseudobulbs with obvious ridges, lateral sepals glabrous with short tails and leaf with white waxy powder on its adaxial surface.
Taxonomic note on Abax contractus (Heer, 1841) and description of A. parallelepipedus ligurinus n. subsp. (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini)
Authors: ZANELLA LORENZO
Published: March 2017

The syntype of Pterostichus contractus Heer, 1841 was examined and its taxonomical position was revised accordingly. The historical interpretation of this taxon as a subspecies of Abax parallelepipedus localized in the area between the Maritime-Ligurian Alps and the northern Apennines is rebutted. The taxon is raised to species level under the name Abax contractus (Heer, 1841), as a senior synonym of Abax continuus Ganglbauer, 1891 n. syn. and A. hypocrita Roubal, 1937 n. syn. The subspecies of Abax parallelepipedus previously reported as subsp. contractus Heer, 1841 is re-described under the name Abax parallelepipedus ligurinus n. subsp.
A new dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from floodplain swamps in central Alabama
Authors: SCHUSTER GUENTER A. , KENDRICK MICHAEL R.
Published: March 2017

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) rotatus, new species, is a dwarf crayfish from floodplain swamps in the Tombigbee and Black Warrior river drainages of Greene, Hale, and Marengo counties, Alabama. The new species is morphologically most similar to Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) lesliei. They differ in a several morphological characters. Cambarellus rotatus, new species, has gonopods that are rotated mesially so that the terminal elements oppose each other, and they have a short C-shaped sperm groove. These are unique features among known species of Cambarellus.
Redescription of Ateleopus japonicus Bleeker 1853, a senior synonym of Ateleopus natalensis Regan 1921 (Teleostei: Ateleopodiformes: Ateleopodidae)
Authors: KAGA TATSUYA
Published: March 2017

Ateleopus natalensis Regan 1921, described from off the coast of Natal, South Africa, has been regarded as a valid species. Regan (1921) stated that the difference between the two species is the condition of the lower-jaw teeth: toothless in A. natalensis vs. teeth present in Ateleopus japonicus Bleeker 1853. However, the condition of lower-jaw teeth of Ateleopus has been proved an unreliable character because the lower-jaw teeth are very deciduous. Although Regan (1921) also implied that the differences between the two species include several body proportions, my examination of two syntypes and non-type specimens of A. natalensis from the western Indian Ocean revealed their close similarity to the range of many specimens of A. japonicus. Ateleopus japonicus is redescribed as a senior synonym of A. natalensis.
Comparison of Skinfold Thicknesses and Bioimpedance Spectroscopy to Dual‐Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry for the Body Fat Measurement in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Rymarz Aleksandra , Szamotulska Katarzyna , Niemczyk Stanisław
Published: March 2017

Background/Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the amount of body fat measured by skinfold thickness (SFT) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) with dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) as a reference method. Methods: Forty‐eight patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment thrice‐weekly for at least 3 months (HD group) with a mean age of 59.8 ± 15.5 years, 61 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 and a mean age of 60.1 ± 17.7 years (predialysis group, PreD), and 33 individuals without kidney disease with an eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and a mean age of 58.7 ± 17.0 years (control group) were included. Results: Mean percentages of body fat measured by SFT did not significantly differ from those measured by DXA in the HD group (P = .249) and the PreD group (P = .355). In the control group, mean percentage of fat mass measured by SFT was significantly higher than measured by DXA (P = .004). Mean difference was 1.99% ± 3.65%. The measurements of body fat performed by BIS were significantly higher than those performed by DXA in all studied groups (P < .001). Age was statistically significant and the strongest factor that influenced the variability of measurements obtained by BIS and DXA in all studied groups (R2 = 0.302, 0.153, and 0.250, respectively, for HD, PreD, and control groups). Conclusions: SFT as a method of fat mass assessment in daily routine practice seems to be more reliable then BIS in patients treated with hemodialysis and in patients with stage IV/V CKD. However, methods based on bioimpedance techniques can potentially offer more data such as overhydration or an amount of lean tissue mass, but further investigations are needed to establish method the most suitable for patients with CKD.
Adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control for uncertain discrete-time nonlinear systems in pure-feedback form using a set of noisy measurements
Authors: Yoshimura Toshio
Published: March 2017

This paper is concerned with the design of an adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control for multi-input multi-output uncertain discrete-time nonlinear systems in pure-feedback form. The states of the systems are observed with independent measurement noises. The design approach of the proposed adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control is described as follows. By applying the theory of the adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control, the problem of the explosion of complexity due to the repeated differentials of nonlinear functions is removed so that the controller is simplified in a structure at the first stage; second, the number of the adjustable parameters is reduced by using the simplified extended single-input rule modules; and, finally, the simplified weighted least squares estimator is designed to take the estimates for the unmeasurable states and the adjustable parameters. The simulation experiment for a simple numerical system provides the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
The Use of Next-Generation Sequencing in the Identification of a Fastidious Pathogen: A Lesson From a Clinical Setup
Authors: Saeb Amr TM , Abouelhoda Mohamed , Selvaraju Manojkumar , Althawadi Sahar I , Mutabagani Maysoon , Adil Mohammad , Al Hokail Abdullah , Tayeb Hamsa T
Published: March 2017

Clostridium haemolyticum is the causal agent of bacillary hemoglobinuria in cattle, goat, sheep, and ruminants. In this study, we report the first recorded human-infecting C. haemolyticum strain collected from an 18-year-old woman diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. After failure of traditional techniques, only next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in combination with bioinformatics, phylogenetic, and pathogenomics analyses revealed that our King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC) bacterial isolate belongs to C. haemolyticum species. KFSHRC isolate is composed of 1 chromosome and 4 plasmids. The total genome size is estimated to be 2.7 Mbp with a low GC content of 28.02%. Comparative pathogenomics analysis showed that C. haemolyticum KFSHRC isolate is a potential virulent pathogenic bacterium as it possesses the virulence factors necessary to establish an infection, acquire essential nutrients, resist antimicrobial agents, and tolerate hostile conditions both in the human host and in its surrounding environment. These factors are included in the main chromosome in addition to novel recombination of the plasmids, and they could be the reason for the incidence of that human infection. This work demonstrated the importance of using NGS in medical microbiology for pathogen identification. It also demonstrates the importance of sequencing more microbial samples and sharing this information in public databases to facilitate the identification of pathogenic microbes with better accuracy.
Colorimetric Detection Based on Localised Surface Plasmon Resonance Optical Characteristics for the Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Acacia Gum–Stabilised Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Alzahrani Eman
Published: March 2017

The use of nanoparticles in sensing is attracting the interest of many researchers. The aim of this work was to fabricate Acacia gum–stabilised silver nanoparticles (SNPs) using green chemistry to use them as a highly sensitive and cost-effective localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) colorimeter sensor for the determination of reactive oxygen species, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Silver nanoparticles were fabricated by the reduction of an inorganic precursor silver nitrate solution (AgNO3) using white sugar as the reducing reagent and Acacia gum as the stabilising reagent and a sonication bath to form uniform silver nanoparticles. The fabricated nanoparticles were characterised by visual observation, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The TEM micrographs of the synthesised nanoparticles showed the presence of spherical nanoparticles with sizes of approximately 10 nm. The EDAX spectrum result confirmed the presence of silver (58%), carbon (30%), and oxygen (12%). Plasmon colorimetric sensing of H2O2 solution was investigated by introducing H2O2 solution into Acacia gum–capped SNP dispersion, and the change in the LSPR band in the UV-Vis region of spectra was monitored. In this study, it was found that the yellow colour of Acacia gum–stabilised SNPs gradually changed to transparent, and moreover, a remarkable change in the LSPR absorbance strength was observed. The calibration curve was linear over 0.1–0.00001 M H2O2, with a correlation estimation ( R2) of .953. This was due to the aggregation of SNPs following introduction of the H2O2 solution. Furthermore, the fabricated SNPs were successfully used to detect H2O2 solution in a liquid milk sample, thereby demonstrating the ability of the fabricated SNPs to detect H2O2 solution in liquid milk samples. This work showed that Acacia gum–stabilised SNPs may have the potential as a colour indicator in medical and environmental applications.
Thrombophilia risk is not increased in children after perinatal stroke
Authors: Curtis Colleen , Mineyko Aleksandra , Massicotte Patricia , Leaker Michael , Jiang Xiu Yan , Floer Amalia , Kirton Adam
Published: March 2017

Key Points

Thrombophilia in children with perinatal stroke is rare, with rates similar to those in the normal population. Routine testing in childhood is not indicated.
Project management techniques to maximise success with research
Authors: Howarth Michelle , Probyn Joy , Maz Julia
Published: March 2017

Globally, coronary heart disease remains one of the biggest causes of death ( World Health Organization (WHO), 2013 ) and has influenced a vast array of research to ensure that treatments, approaches, prevention strategies and rehabilitation methods are evidence-based. Significantly, the amount of public and private funds used to support research in cardiac care is vast, and funders expect timely, high-quality research to develop and advance care-delivery innovations. Managing research can be complex and fraught with challenges; however, careful consideration of the risks and how these can be avoided or managed can increase your chances of success.
Reflections of Research
Authors: Miranda Antonio
Published: March 2017

The British Heart Foundation (BHF) annual image competition, Reflections of Research, provides a glimpse into the cutting-edge research that the BHF funds
Skin reactions after radial cardiac catheterisation
Authors: Mars Christine , Livesy Carla , Kemp Ian , Stables Rod
Published: March 2017

Objectives:

To examine the efficacy and safety of a hydrophilic-coated radial sheath previously associated with inflammatory cutaneous reactions. Background: Hydrophilic sheaths have a role in reducing the observed incidence of radial artery spasm. Delayed cutaneous inflammatory reactions have been reported following the use of some hydrophilic coated sheaths.

Methods:

SACRED (Systematic Assessment of the Cook Radial ShEath Device) was a prospective, single-centre registry study. The primary outcome measure was the observed incidence of cutaneous reaction to 28 days. Secondary outcome measures included: procedural success rate with the study sheath; rate of use of intra-arterial vasodilator agents; and the incidence of adverse events related to the access site during the index admission. A total of 431 patients were recruited.

Results:

Follow-up was completed in 429/433 (99.1%) radial sites instrumented with the study sheath. A single incidence of a delayed inflammatory skin reaction was observed (1/429; 0.23%) (95% confidence interval 0–0.68%). Failure to access the radial artery occurred in 19/446 attempts (4.3%). Overall, accessrelated intra-arterial vasodilator use was low at 83/433 (19.2%); routine, prophylactic use accounted for 70/83 (84.3%). The majority of operators were non-routine users but gave vasodilators in response to radial artery spasm in 13/363 (3.6%) of cases. Access site-related complications were minor and occurred in 33/446 (7.4%) of radial sites. Before discharge from the index procedure, radial artery occlusion was observed in 15/412 (3.6%).

Conclusions:

A single, self-limiting lesion suggested granuloma but without histological confirmation. Access success rates were comparable with other studies but with non-routine use of vasodilators. Radial artery occlusion at discharge was associated with older age, lower body weight and a failure to anticoagulate.
Dealing with a VAT review in aesthetics: what practitioners can expect
Authors: Donnelly Veronica
Published: March 2017

Many aesthetic practitioners worry about being treated unfairly by HMRC. It is important that practitioners know what to expect when they are visited by HMRC and are equipped with the skills to deal with it. Veronica Donnelly summarises VAT law in the context of aesthetics and provides some tips on how to deal with HMRC and the records practitioners should keep to protect their business
Professional growth while staying connected: achieving a balance
Authors: Ratcliffe Jason
Published: March 2017

This month, Jason Ratcliffe discusses how to manage the conflicting requirements for periods of focused ‘deep work’, such as administering treatments, and ‘shallow work’, such as day to day brand management via social media. By fostering good mental and work habits, professional growth and excellence can be achieved without sacrificing valuable time on the need to be connected
Do incentive schemes encourage motivation in the workplace?
Authors: Smith Victoria , Wiggins Nancy
Published: March 2017

Reward schemes can be a great way to motivate staff to go above and beyond what is expected of them in order to deliver excellent service for clients, but they may also have their downsides. Victoria Smith and Nancy Wiggins outline both the positive and negative effects these schemes can have, and offer advice for implementing a well-designed rewards system in your clinic
What can be done to challenge non-health groups practising aesthetics?
Authors: Hollands Lucy
Published: March 2017

A group of aesthetic practitioners are collaborating to put an end to non-medics administering cosmetic injectable treatments in an attempt to educate and protect the public. At the moment, there are many grey areas surrounding the legislation that not only perplex the public, but also baffle health professionals. Lucy Hollands explores why beauty therapists should not be able to administer injectables
Lower facial rejuvenation: age-related changes and treatment options
Authors: Miller Amy
Published: March 2017

Rejuvenation of the lower third of the face can be difficult to achieve non-surgically. As less invasive treatments become more popular, it is important for aesthetic practitioners to be able to offer ambulatory, yet efficacious, procedure options for their patients. This paper will review the anatomy of the lower face, including its layers of tissues, bony foundation, deep and superficial fat compartments, the muscular layer and the skin. It will address key changes that occur with ageing and recommend treatments to correct and prevent them.
Cosmetic injection of botulinum toxin: practical considerations and accuracy
Authors: Baker Anna
Published: March 2017

Botulinum toxin type A injections are among the most popular non-surgical aesthetic treatments worldwide and so minimising the risks of associated complications is an important consideration. Clinicians should keep up to date with new insights into facial anatomy and the latest publications, says Anna Baker, who explores options for ensuring administration will be as accurate as possible
Supporting decisions: non-medical prescribing and aesthetic practice
Authors: Mather Linda , Maw Gillian
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this article is to provide key information to support decision-making related to the prescribing process, professional accountability and relevant legislation, in medical aesthetics. In line with the Department of Health and Nursing and Midwifery Council, the authors have used the word ‘patient’ rather than ‘client’ to ensure clarity and accuracy within this article.
IMCAS 2017: highlights from one of the world's largest aesthetic congresses
Authors: Barton Cheryl
Published: March 2017

In January, the International Master Course on Aging Science (IMCAS) held its Annual World Congress in Paris, France. With nearly 8000 delegates and 140 scientific sessions, this year's edition was one of the largest of its kind. Cheryl Barton was there to summarise the congress highlights: inflammatory complications, danger zones when injecting the face and vascular embolism associated with fillers