bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First SPG48 case report in India with a novel mutation
Authors: Gongati Nissi Chrysolite , Agrawal Vikas , Agrawal Sonal
Published: April 2023

The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a large group of inherited neurologic disorders that share the primary symptom of difficulty in walking due to weakness and spasticity in the lower limbs. Spastic paraplegia-48 (SPG48) is an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder characterized by spasticity of the lower limbs resulting in gait difficulties. Biallelic mutations in AP5Z1 are known to cause this complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) referred to as SPG48 (MIM#613647). Most patients have onset in mid- or late-adulthood, although childhood onset has been reported in 1 patient. Additional features may include parkinsonism, urinary incontinence, neuropathy, and mild cognitive impairment. We report a 49-year-old male with SPG48 with a novel mutation. This is the first SPG48 case report in an Indian patient and to the best of our knowledge this mutation is the first to be reported worldwide.
Soviet Atlantis: the Harappan Civilization in Soviet Oriental Studies in the 1920s and 1950s (to the 100th Anniversary of the Discovery of the Indus Valley Civilization)
Authors: Bukharin Mikhail
Published: April 2023

In the 1920s, intensive excavations were carried out in the Indus Valley. The formed the foundation for the study of the Harappan (Indus Valley) civilization. Information about the progress of the work also reached the USSR, but for a long time Soviet orientalists could only state the importance of excavations, unable to independently interpret their results. In the late 1930s, interest in the fate of the Harappan civilization in Soviet science increased sharply due to the aggressive policy of Germany. Soviet orientalists saw certain parallels between the actions of Germany and the Aryans, who invaded India and destroyed the Dravidian culture of Harappa in the eyes of Soviet orientalists. The Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR allocated funds for the purchase of three articles by the Czechoslovak scientist B. Hrozny, with description of decipherment of Harappan inscriptions. This decipherment would provide the key to understanding the sense of the inscriptions and postulating “correct” conclusions. World Oriental studies did not accept the conclusions of B. Hrozny, but in the USSR his work found active support. It was the active introduction into the scientific circulation of these excavations in the Indus Valley that led to the final inclusion of India and China in the sphere of research on the history of the Ancient Orient. Interest in the conclusions of Hrozny was largely fueled by the independence of India (1947) and the proclamation of the republic (1950). In this regard, V. V. Struve is making a decisive attempt, based on the secondary interpretation of the excavations’ data of J. Marshall and E. Mackay, as well as a critical analysis of B. Hrozny’s approach to decipherment of Harappan inscriptions, to reconstruct the social type of the Harappan civilization, equalizing it typologically with the already known societies of the Ancient Orient. Struve’s conclusions are not based on the interpretation of the sources themselves, but on typological comparisons, that is, on conclusions made earlier about civilizations of the Middle East on the basis of the “correct” — class — approach, which in themselves were largely erroneous. By the mid-1950s the rhetoric of works on the history of the Harappan civilization is significantly softened. The main driver of interest in Soviet oriental studies of the 1920s — 1950s to the history of the Harappan civilization were changes in the situation in the world before and after World War II. Soviet orientalists created their own Harappa as an ideal ancient society, associating it in certain aspects with the USSR.
Myth of Makar — the First Founder of Lesbos or How to Become a Greek
Authors: Solomatina Elena
Published: April 2023

Myth of Makar plays a special role in common Greek tradition about the foundation of Aiolian Lesbos, since the myth presents an alternative version of history of founding of Greek settlements in Lesbos, dating this event to the Late Bronze Age. However the most complete version of the myth presented by Diodorus Siculus contains very little that definitely indicates both the origin of Makar himself and his colonists as Greeks. On the contrary many of the details included in the myth testify to the non-Greek component of this myth. Accordingly, the ancient tradition tried in every possible way to rectify Makar’s genealogy and change the content of the holistic story to make it possible to incorporate myth of Makar into the common Hellenic tradition of founding Greek settlements outside the mainland Greece.
“The Leading Ones” and “Kings”: What Did Manetho Know About the Political Disintegration of the Second Intermediate Period, and How Did He Express This Knowledge?
Authors: Nemirovsky Alexander
Published: April 2023

The paper treats expressions in which Manetho’s narrative about the Hyksos period, known in literal quotation and detailed retelling by Josephus, describes the actors of power in Egypt at different phases of this period. On the eve of Hyksos invasion, according to Manetho, there was one king in Egypt and “the hegemonizing ones” (rulers, leaders) who stand apart from him in the context, and analysis of the text shows that they are the local rulers who performed quasi-independence under the nominal sovereignty of kings of a certain dynasty. In the phase of Hyksos control over all of Egypt, the Hyksos kings of Avaris are depicted as supreme rulers over the “kings of Thebaid” and “[kings] of other Egyptian lands” who are titularly equated with their Hyksos overlords by Manetho; at some point they overthrow the Hyksos yoke and begin the war against Avaris. By the end of this struggle, by Manetho, only the Theban kings are acting on the Egyptian side. This picture largely coincides with real history (the fragmentation of Egypt before the emergence of the Avaris kingdom and at the times of its hegemony; the division of all of Egypt between Avaris kingdom and the Theban kingdom independent of it in the last phase before the fall of Avaris). This reveals Manetho's high awareness of the real situation of the Second Intermediate Period; some primary sources of this awareness were probably inscriptions and literary compositions that directly reflected the interaction between various local rulers contemporaneous to each other.
About Two Gems from the Excavations of 1837 near Anapa
Authors: Chernenko Victoria
Published: April 2023

The fund of Baron G. V. Rosen, which today is included in the collection of the Department of Written Sources of the State Historical Museum interesting for archaeologists and historians of the antiquity of the Northern Black Sea region, as it contains information about the first archaeological research in the vicinity of the city of Anapa. In 1837 were carried out excavations of the mounds under the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel Boguslav Greenfield. Information about this excavations was preserved in his letters and reports to G. V. Rosen.  Despite the unprofessional nature of the excavations, the lieutenant colonel tried to preserve and transmit information about the structure of burial mounds and the context of the finds. In some cases descriptions of items are given.Thus, the documents not only contain extremely important information for studying the history of archaeological research, but also provide an opportunity to partially study those finds that have been lost over time. So, in the burial mound 7, among other items of grave goods were found two gold rings with images of Cupids on red inserts. The location of glyptic items is currently unknown, however, in our opinion, the lack of the possibility of a detailed description of objects should not become an obstacle to introducing them into scientific circulation.
Narrative Strategies of Soviet Historians of Antiquity at the Beginning of the Second Discussion about the Asiatic Mode of Production
Authors: Krikh Sergey
Published: April 2023

At the beginning of the article, the author defines the significance of the discussions about the Asian mode of production for the Soviet historiography of antiquity, and also talks about the special characteristics of the second discussion, the main phase of which dates back to the second half of the 1960s. If the first discussion established the rules for understanding the historical process among Soviet historians, then during the second one some historians tried to revise these rules. At the same time, those historians formed themselves as authors of texts already under unified rules for constructing a narrative. The author of the article consistently examines the principles of constructing statements pro et contra the revision of the unified terminology for historians of the ancient world. It turns out that, in fact, both supporters and opponents of the Asian mode of production used the same arguments, and their texts were built from the same components, only the vector of thought and the volume of concrete textual parts differed. Thus, in the early 1960s the unified narrative still dominated even in the face of diverging points of view. At the same time, another difference between the positions consisted in different vectors of understanding the general theory, and from this angle, the conservative trend, which essentially called for abandoning any significant changes in the Soviet approach to understanding history, looked the most unattractive.
The Participation of Cadres from the Special Expedition for Underwater Works (EPRON) in Strengthening the Defense Potential of the Far Eastern Borders of the USSR in 1932—1942
Authors: Usov Alexey
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to a poorly studied subject — the contribution of cadres from the Special Expedition for Underwater Works (EPRON) to strengthening their readiness to repulse an external enemy in the Soviet Far East in the 1930s and early 1940s. The study is based on archival materials, some of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The main focus is on the specifics of the activities of EPRON’ cadres on the Pacific shores. Examples of works performed are given. The author comes to the conclusion that the participation of the EPRON in strengthening the defense potential of the Far Eastern borders of the USSR in the studied period 1932—1942 takes place during three stages closely related to the development of the fleet in the Pacific Ocean in the pre-war and first war years.
Challenges and Prospects for Turkmenistan’s Engagement with the US and EU
Authors: Mirzekhanov Karim
Published: April 2023

In this article, the author focuses on the potential, prospects and challenges of Turkmenistan’s relations with the US and the EU. He analyses the key factors that have shaped the interest of these global actors in the former Soviet republic following its independence. The struggle for 'resource accumulation’, control over natural resources and important transport corridors has determined the priorities of global powers and geopolitical alliances. Geopolitical and geoeconomic factors have determined the keen interest of both the US and the EU in developing relations with Central Asian states such as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, while the value of Turkmenistan’s potential was not immediately apparent to western governments. The study shows that as a Caspian Sea country, Turkmenistan's international subjectivity has increased significantly on account of the main factors determining its foreign policy, namely its neutral status and its focus on energy exports. Differences of political culture and civilisational codes between the sides also played an important role, making the development of relations between the US and the EU, on the one hand, and Turkmenistan, on the other, considerably more difficult.
English Law and Tadeusz Czacki: Analysis of References to English Legal Sources in Czacki’s Opus Magnum
Authors: Cimachowicz Konrad , Korporowicz Łukasz Jan
Published: April 2023

Tadeusz Czacki was one of the key figures who participated in the great scholarly discussions about the history, sources of development, and the position of Roman law in old Polish law. The discussion initiated by Czacki and Jan Wincenty Bandtkie in the early years of the nineteenth century lasted for many decades. Its consequences are still present today in modern Polish legal history scholarship. Although Czacki was an author of several legal treatises, most of his pivotal concepts regarding the above-mentioned issues were presented by him in his opus magnum, i.e. O litewskich i polskich prawach, published for the very first time in 1800. Czacki is well known as a self-educated scholar who referred to numerous works, both Polish and foreign. However, the objective of this article is to analyse Czacki’s knowledge and the use of English sources. During the Enlightenment, some Polish intellectuals became fascinated by English culture, politics, and the legal system. The impact of English law, however, has never been analysed in the context of Czacki’s work. The purpose of this article is to fill that gap.
Disputatio ordinaria i disputatio de quodlibet. Średniowieczne wzorce akademickiej dydaktyki historyczno-prawnej
Authors: Skomiał Jakub
Published: April 2023

Artykuł nawiązuje do seminarium zorganizowanego kilka lat temu z udziałem pracowników Katedry Doktryn Polityczno-Prawnych UŁ i studentów, zatytułowanego „Doktrynalne studium uniwersum gwiezdnych wojen. Star Wars. Republika versus Imperium”. Podejmuje kwestię wykorzystania we współczesnej dydaktyce akademickiej wzorców zaczerpniętych z późnośredniowiecznych uniwersytetów. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono dysputom, w których aktywnie uczestniczyli studenci. Ich tematy mogły być wskazywane przez mistrza (disputatio ordinaria) lub uczestników (disputatio de quodlibet).
Franciszek Maciejowski o Ustawie XII Tablic
Authors: Zabłocka Maria , Zabłocki Jan
Published: April 2023

W pierwszym napisanym w języku polskim podręczniku prawa rzymskiego Zasady prawa rzymskiego pospolitego [tzn. cywilnego] podług Instytucji Justyniańskich wraz z krótkim wywodem dziejowego rozwoju prawodawstwa rzymskiego Franciszek Maciejowski zacytował kilka przepisów Ustawy XII Tablic, ale ich nie przetłumaczył. Nie wszystkie przytoczone przez niego przepisy pochodzą z palingenezji Gothofredusa, jak podaje autor, ale z wcześniejszej próby usystematyzowania tego źródła, czyli z pracy Oldendorpa, czego autor nie zauważa.
Miasto według socjologii. Wybrane tematy
Authors: Majer Andrzej
Published: April 2023

Książka jest zbiorem socjologicznych esejów, w których zaprezentowano dwa sposoby postrzegania miast – ewolucję materialnej przestrzeni od pierwszych osad do współczesnych metropolii oraz zmiany w przestrzeni społecznej, stanowiącej pole aktywności wielu pokoleń ludzi. Połączenie tych perspektyw pozwala na pełniejszy opis czynników kształtujących w przeszłości i wciąż rozwijających miasta. Rozważania autora dotyczą sposobów analizowania miast, ich historii od najstarszych osad do współczesnych metropolii, odmian urbanizacji, głównych cech nowoczesnych miast, społeczności i ich współczesnych form, odzwierciedlenia miast w społecznej świadomości oraz ich dynamiki i ducha. W publikacji pojawiają się nawiązania do historii budowy miast i demografii, antropologii kulturowej czy teorii ekonomicznych. Jako główną perspektywę przyjęto socjologiczny punkt widzenia miast, od wieków odciskających piętno na mentalności ludzi, modyfikujących ich style życia i dyktujących różne formy działalności. Zakłada ona, że nie budynki, ale ludzie, ich życie społeczne oraz kultura są najważniejszymi aspektami funkcjonowania miast. Monografia jest rezultatem studiów polskiej i obcej, niemal wyłącznie anglojęzycznej, literatury przedmiotu, a także wieloletniego doświadczenia uniwersyteckiej dydaktyki socjologii miasta. Autor jest przekonany, że niemal wszystkie przypisywane miastom destrukcyjne zjawiska mogą być naprawione lub usunięte pod warunkiem wdrożenia odpowiednich strategii odnowy. Książka może zainteresować studentów i wykładowców kierunków związanych z tematyką miast oraz praktyków zajmujących się na co dzień rozwiązywaniem miejskich problemów.
Prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with atrial fibrillation and obesity
Authors: Kolasa Izabela , Średniawa Beata
Published: April 2023

Migotanie przedsionków (atrial fibrillation – AF) jest arytmią występującą u 1–2% populacji. Aby zapobiec powikłaniom zakrzepowo-zatorowym w grupie chorych z AF, zaleca się stosowanie przewlekłego, doustnego leczenia przeciwkrzepliwego. Otyłość jest czynnikiem przyczyniającym się do rozwoju i progresji AF, a stosowanie doustnych antykoagulantów u chorych z nadmiernym poziomem tkanki tłuszczowej może sprawiać trudności.
Powszechnie stosowane są antagonisty witaminy K (vitamin K antagonist – VKA) oraz doustne antykoagulanty niebędące antagonistami witaminy K (non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants – NOAC). W przypadku VKA u pacjentów otyłych należy spodziewać się dłuższego czasu oczekiwania oraz zastosowania wyższej dawki leków do osiągnięcia docelowych wartości międzynarodowego współczynnika znormalizowanego (international normalized ratio – INR). Nie zostało poznane, czy zakres terapeutyczny INR powinien zmieniać się w zależności od wskaźnika masy ciała (body mass index – BMI) lub masy ciała.
Do NOAC należą inhibitory czynnika Xa oraz bezpośrednie inhibitory trombiny. Dowiedziono, że stosowanie NOAC u otyłych pacjentów jest skuteczne i bezpieczne. W grupie chorych z AF i otyłością olbrzymią lub z masą ciała > 120 kg w prewencji powikłań zakrzepowo-zatorowych należy rozważyć stosowanie VKA lub oznaczanie stężenia substancji w osoczu ze względu na ograniczoną ilość danych.
Del «Perú hirviente» a la «cultura chicha» : transculturación y relaciones conflictivas en el medio urbano limeño
Authors: Quispe Lázaro Arturo
Published: April 2023

La Lima actual, contemporánea del siglo XXI, no se puede entender sin esa suerte de inicio o creación original que significaron los cambios que se dieron desde los años cincuenta; cambios que, finalmente, refundaron la capital e hicieron que tomara un rumbo distinto. A partir de esa fecha, Lima ya no sería la misma. La arcadia previa a esos años se desdibujó y en la ciudad se fueron configurando un nuevo espacio, un nuevo rostro, nuevos gustos, colores y sonidos. Los que le dieron un nuevo contenido fueron los peruanos que no estuvieron en la escena oficial del país en los años precedentes y que, después de la mitad del siglo pasado, asumen un rol protagónico: los «otros», antes, principalmente imaginados como indios o campesinos, se hicieron masivamente presentes en la ciudad, pero no como indígenas, campesinos o runas, sino como cholos, aquellos que se convertirían en los nuevos limeños.
Original scientific article Administrative-legal Status of a Voluntary Squad During Martial Law
Authors: Khromov A. V.
Published: April 2023

The subject of the research is social relations that arise in the course of the activities of voluntary squads during martial law, including the possibility of their involvement by law enforcement and other bodies in the performance of state tasks to ensure public order and national security. The purpose of the work is to determine the theoretical and applied problems of legal regulation of the administrativelegal status of a voluntary squad during the period of martial law. When writing the article, formal-legal, historical-and comparative-legal, logical methods were used. The relevance of the topic is associated with the lack of a clear and even mechanism for the creation and functioning of voluntary squads precisely during the period of martial law. At the legislative level, their competence (powers, forms and acts of responding to violations of laws by individuals and legal entities) in the process of ensuring public order in the controlled territory is not defined. The fact of the absence of a single terminological series in the formation of the legal basis for the activities of voluntary squads is stated. The main part of the article substantiates the conclusion that such voluntary public organizations, taking into account their basic characteristics, should be referred to in regulatory legal acts, regardless of the direction of their action, as a “voluntary people's squad”. A comparative analysis of the legal status of a voluntary squad and volunteer formations is presented. It is concluded that they do not correlate as general and private, voluntary formation, due to the specifics of the goals of education, functioning and financing, is not a kind of voluntary squads. The conclusion is substantiated that voluntary squads should be actively used by law enforcement agencies to ensure the strengthening of public order during martial law. The question is raised about the need to specify in the normative legal acts the administrative and legal status of voluntary squads precisely in the period of martial law. Proposals are made on the mechanism of legal regulation of the powers of voluntary teams and the social and legal protection of combatants when they perform state tasks under these conditions.
Real Estate as a Subject of Theft: a Socio-Historical Analysis
Authors: Maksurov A. A.
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the actual problems of classifying real estate as objects of theft and, above all, fraud. The importance of solving this kind of issue from the standpoint of the history of legal regulation is determined, the socio-economic significance of real estate in modern society is shown. The conclusion is made about the change in the social essence of real estate during the historical development, which influenced the legal regulation of the protection of rights to real estate, including the norms of criminal law. The prerequisites and possibilities of the historical and legal approach in this part are considered. Characteristics are given to the main trends in the development of legal understanding about real estate as an object of criminal encroachment and, first of all, theft. The author came to the conclusion that such development is largely due to a change in the content characteristics of the right to real estate, on the one hand, and a clarification of the place of ownership in the system of other rights to real estate, on the other. In addition, the concept of fraud as a type of criminal behavior has historically changed. The paper identifies priorities in the area under study of the post-revolutionary period, which did not hasten to take full advantage of the previous historical experience and offered its own vision of the issue. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn about the opportunities for improving the legislation on criminal liability for theft of real estate provides the genesis of Russian law.
From Black-Body Radiation to Gravity: Why Neutrinos are Left-Handed and Why the Vacuum is not Empty
Authors: Roza Engel
Published: April 2023

Starting from an overview of neutrino problems and a simplified survey of Fermi’s neutrino theory, it is shown why neutrinos are left-handed and why they seem to show an oscillatory behaviour between their flavours. After addressing the question how to assess the naked mass of the true elementary particles, it is hypothesized that the elementary constituents of the nuclear background energy and the cosmological background energy are the same. This allows to derive the magnitude of the quark’s “naked” mass from the polarization of the vacuum.
Phytosanitary Practices, Regulations and Pesticide Poisoning in Africa: A Systematic Review
Authors: Matondo Patrick Ndelo , Kakumba Jocelyn Mankulu , Malolo Lievin-Corneille Mputu , Tona Alexandre Tona , Akilimali Pierre , Nuapia Yannick , Ndelo-di-Phanzu Josaphat
Published: April 2023

The inappropriate use of pesticides in the world and particularly in Africa, explains their presence in various environmental compartments. This presence in the environment has harmful consequences on living beings, especially humans.
This review, based on scientific publications, aims to analyze the problem of pesticides in Africa.
From a corpus of 81 articles published in Africa on this topic between 1996 and 2019, we have outlined the issues relating to phytosanitary practices, environmental pollution, food contamination, intoxication of farmers and consumers, qualitative and quantitative analysis methods used, as well as the regulations on the subject and their application in Africa. Based on an analysis of the factors that are at the root of the problems of environmental pollution, contamination and health that they cause in Africa, possible solutions were proposed to produce healthy products and preserve our common environmental heritage.
Determination Method of Kinetic Parameters of Strength Recovery in Self-Healing Ceramic Composites
Authors: Rahman Mostafizur , Taiyo Maeda , Osada Toshio , Ozaki Shingo
Published: April 2023

Self-healing ceramic composites are promising smart materials for high-temperature applications. To better understand their behaviors under service conditions, numerous studies have been performed both experimentally and numerically, and kinetics parameters such as activation energy and frequency factor are reported to be indispensable for investigating healing phenomena. Here, we propose a method for determining the kinetic parameters of self-healing ceramic composites based on the oxidation kinetics model of strength recovery. These parameters are determined by an optimization method using experimental strength recovery data under various healing temperatures and times and microstructural features on the fractured surfaces. Alumina and mullite matrix-based self-healing ceramic composites, such as Al2O3/SiC, Al2O3/TiC, Al2O3/Ti2AlC (MAX phase), and mullite/SiC, were selected as target materials. The theoretical strength recovery behaviors of the cracked specimens obtained from the determined kinetic parameters were compared with the experimental results. The determined parameters are within the previously reported range, and the predicted strength recovery behaviors are reasonably agreed with the experimental values. The proposed method can also be applied to other self-healing ceramics with matrices reinforced with different healing agents to evaluate oxidation rate, crack healing rate, and theoretical strength recovery behaviors for designing self-healing materials used in high temperature applications. Furthermore, the healing ability of composites can be fairly discussed regardless of the type of strength recovery test.
Effect of Scarf Repair Geometry on the Impact Performance of Aerospace Composites
Authors: Sridharan Vijay Shakaran , Idapalapati Sridhar
Published: April 2023

This experimental study investigates the effect of scarf geometry in restoring the impact response of scarf patched 3 mm thick glass-fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) matrix composite laminates. Traditional circular along with rounded rectangular scarf patch configurations considered as repair patches. Experimental measurements revealed that the temporal variations of force and energy response of the pristine specimen are close to that of circular repaired specimens. The predominant failure modes were witnessed only in repair patch which include the matrix cracking, fibre fracture, delamination and no discontinuity in adhesive interface was witnessed. When compared with the pristine samples, the top ply damage size of the of the circular repaired specimens is larger by 9.91 %, while that of the rounded rectangular repaired specimens is larger by 434.23 %. The results show that circular scarf repair is more suitable choice of repair approach under the condition of 37J low-velocity impact event even though the global force-time response is similar.
Paleoecological Inferences for Turborotalita Nikolasi (Koutsoukos, 2014) Based on Stable Carbon and Oxygen Isotopes
Authors: Krahl Guilherme , Koutsoukos Eduardo A. M. , Kochhann Karlos G. D. , Bom Marlone H. H. , Fauth Gerson , Esswein Andressa , Meirelles Valeska
Published: April 2023

The species Turborotalita nikolasi first appeared immediately after the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary and is considered the progenitor of all Cenozoic normal perforate species. We present δ18O and δ13C isotope signals of T. nikolasi specimens and compare them with those of mixed-layer (Guembelina cretacea), thermocline (Subbotina trivialis and Chiloguembelina midwayensis), and deep water (Nuttalides truempyi) species with glassy shell preservation from São Paulo Plateau [Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 356]. Turborotalita nikolasi δ18O values are similar to those of G. cretacea, suggesting that both species cohabited the mixed layer. Values of δ13C for T. nikolasi are higher than those of all other planktic foraminiferal species, which may have been due to the presence of photosymbionts, and thus might represent the earliest known record of photosymbiosis for Cenozoic planktic foraminifera. Nuttalides truempyi δ13C values are remarkably high at Site 356, indicating low 12C abundance in deep waters, which could be related to reduced inefficiency of the biological pump in transporting 12C to the bottom of the ocean after the K-Pg boundary during the first ∼300 kyr of the Danian.
Falta de personal de salud y uso de inyección anticonceptiva durante la pandemia por Covid 19 en Lima: análisis de la Endes 2020
Authors:   , Flores Consoli Gonzalo Alonso , Galarza Osorio Victor Luis
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre si la percepción sobre el problema relacionado a la falta de personal de salud es considerada un gran problema para recibir consejería o tratamiento médico y uso de anticonceptivos inyectables en el año 2020. Materiales y métodos: Análisis de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) 2020. Se consideró como variables principales al uso de inyección anticonceptiva y si la percepción sobre el problema relacionado a la falta de personal de salud es considerada un gran problema para recibir tratamiento o consejería médica; y como covariables: Edad, condición económica, trabajo, grado de instrucción e idioma. Se realizó un análisis univariado y bivariado, tomando como variable respuesta el uso de inyección anticonceptiva, utilizando tablas de frecuencia; y un análisis multivariado crudo y ajustado, para determinar la fuerza de asociación. Resultados: El 62,5% consideran la falta de personal de salud un gran problema y no utilizan inyección anticonceptiva, 36% alcanzaron el nivel secundario, el castellano es el idioma principal, 53,8% trabaja, 40,7% tienen el máximo nivel socioeconómico, la mayoría tienen entre 30 y 34 años de edad, con una media de edad de 31,6 y 2,5 de hijos. No se encontró una asociación entre las variables principales. Conclusiones: A pesar de que no se reportó una asociación entre las variables principales, la mayor prevalencia se encontró en mujeres no usuarias de inyección anticonceptiva y que si consideran a la falta de personal de salud un gran problema en la atención.
Síndrome de fragilidad y riesgo de mortalidad en adultos mayores del Centro Médico Naval según índice de masa corporal
Authors:   , Caceres Huarancca Jair Jefferson , Lopez Campos Maicols Gexon
Published: April 2023

Introducción: La evaluación de fragilidad y del Índice de masa corporal son de utilidad para predecir mortalidad en adultos mayores, pero sigue siendo un tema de discusión. Objetivo: Determinar si el Índice de masa corporal contribuye al síndrome de fragilidad en el incremento del riesgo de mortalidad. Métodos: Estudio analítico observacional de tipo cohorte retrospectivo. Se analizaron datos de una base de un estudio realizado en un hospital militar de Perú, clasificándose la fragilidad en dos grupos, frágiles y no frágiles, según fenotipo de Fried. El índice de masa corporal se estratifico en cuatro categorías, bajo peso, normopeso, sobrepeso y obesidad. Se realizó un análisis bivariado en base al status de mortalidad, y posteriormente se construyeron modelos mediante una regresión de Cox. Resultados: En el modelo crudo se observó que los pacientes frágiles con obesidad (HR=9.80; IC 95% [4.21-22.61]) presentaban mayor riesgo de mortalidad frente a las demás categorías, en el modelo ajustado por sexo, también se encontró que los pacientes frágiles con obesidad (HR=10.74; IC 95% [4.59-25.11]) tenían mayor riesgo de mortalidad, en el modelo final ajustado por edad se halló que los pacientes frágiles con bajo peso (HR=7.74; IC 95% [3.57-15.62]) y obesidad (HR=9.54; IC 95% [3.60-25.25]) tenían mayor riesgo de mortalidad. Discusión: Mediante el estudio realizado y los resultados revisados en distintos artículos científicos, la relación entre mortalidad, fragilidad e índice de masa corporal mostraron asociación en forma de U o J, donde los riesgos de mortalidad en pacientes frágiles fueron más altos en pacientes con bajo peso u obesidad. Conclusiones: Los extremos de las categorías del índice de masa corporal contribuyen con el síndrome de fragilidad y el riesgo de mortalidad.
Efecto citotóxico de Tecoma stans (Huaranhuay)frente a la línea celular oncológica de adenocarcinoma gástrico
Authors:   , Ordaya Vásquez Rossmery Cielo , Coello Cabrera Eylen Patricia
Published: April 2023

ANTECEDENTES: Hoy en nuestro país, el cáncer gástrico tiene una alta incidencia y aumento de la mortalidad en los últimos años. Es por ello que en esta investigación es importante para nosotros orientar nuestro estudio en base a los beneficios y propiedades medicinales de la planta Tecoma Stans de la familia Bignoniae, ya que múltiples estudios han demostrado que esta planta posee propiedades de gran actividad citotóxica frente a diversos tipos de cánceres como el de mama y el de pulmón. OBJETIVO: Nuestro objetivo es establecer el efecto citotóxico de Tecoma Stans en la línea celular oncológica de adenocarcinoma gástrico. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: El proyecto es un estudio experimental. Basado en reconocer la presencia de grupos funcionales de las hojas del extracto vegetal en medio hidroalcohólico al 70%, extraídos mediante “screening fitoquímico” con el fin de corroborar el efecto citotóxico de la planta ante la línea celular oncológica del adenocarcinoma gástrico, ya que su eficacia en el aumento de la inhibición celular se reflejará con un cambio notable en la coloración. RESULTADOS: Los hallazgos obtenidos a través del tamizaje fitoquímico mostraron la presencia (++ o +++) de taninos, polifenoles, flavonoides, aminoácidos, alcaloides, triterpenos, saponinas, aldehídos, aminas, lípidos, cetonas y azúcares reductores. Así mismo, se demostró la actividad citotóxica de la línea celular de Adenocarcinoma gástrico ante el Tecoma Stans Hidroalcohólico (TSOH), expresándose macroscópicamente con un cambio de coloración en las placas de cultivo de celeste brillante a rosado, posteriormente se observaron cambios morfológicos en el microscopio en 24 horas a partir de una concentración mayor de 40ug/ml encontrándose células suspendidas, adheridas y muertas, para luego a las 48 horas observar mayor cantidad de células muertas desde una concentración mínima de 20ug/ml, finalmente se analizaron dando un valor de IC 50 a las 24 horas: 9.875 ug/ mL y a las 48 horas: 6.795 ug/mL.
Determination of Levofloxacin, Norfloxacin, and Moxifloxacin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form or Individually Using Derivative UV Spectrophotometry
Authors: Osman Alsayed Fadel
Published: April 2023

The first, second, third, and fourth-order derivative spectrophotometric methods by using the peak—zero (P - O) and peak-peak (P - P) techniques of measurement have been developed for the determination of levofloxacin, norfloxacin, and moxifloxacin in their combined pharmaceutical dosage form or individually for levofloxacin, norfloxacin, and moxifloxacin. Linearity was achieved at 2–20 µg/ml. The procedure is Simple, quick, and precise. The developed method is sensitive and precise. simple, accurate, and cost-effective, and exhibited a good correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9998) and excellent mean recovery (99.20–100.08%), indicating a high degree of precision of the methods. This approach was successfully used to determine the levofloxacin, norfloxacin, and moxifloxacin content in marketed pharmaceutical dosages. The method's linearity, and accuracy, were confirmed statistically and through recovery tests. The results showed that the method can be used for routine analysis in bulk and commercial formulations.
Key Success Factors in Maternity Waiting Home Implementation: A Qualitative Study in Rural Indonesia
Authors: Wenang Supriyatiningsih , Dewi Arlina , Emilia Ova , Febrianti Lidia , Haier Joerg
Published: April 2023

BackgroundMaternal mortality remains a major challenge to health systems worldwide. One of its main causes is the limited number of health workers and facilities for pregnant women in rural areas. To reduce maternal mortality rates, Indonesia has instated policies to support the implementation of Maternity Waiting Homes (MWHs). Bulukumba District is located in an MWHs implementation area and is representative of the mainland and ocean countryside. Thus, the Bulukumba District was used in this study to investigate the key success factors in MWHs implementation.MethodsThis is a qualitative study with an exploratory approach. This research was conducted in Bulukumba, South Sulawesi, a rural area in Indonesia, in 2020. Data was collected through focus group discussions (FGD) involving public and civil parties (n = 10), government members (n = 14), professional organizations (n = 8), and local community members (n = 12). The NVivo Release 1.0 software was used in this study’s analysis to code and categorize the transcripts.ResultsThree themes were identified: stakeholders’ experience in managing MWHs in rural areas, efforts to increase the implementation of MWHs by stakeholders, and stakeholder expectations regarding the implementation of MWHs.ConclusionsThe key success factors in MWH implementation are leadership and collaboration with each stakeholder. Additionally, the stakeholders’ experiences, efforts, and expectations of MWH implementation can decrease the maternal mortality rate in rural areas.
Bilateral Hashing model of ECG signal encryption system using Downhill Peak Follow (DPF) based Encryption technique
Authors: AN Sanjeev kumar , B Ramesh Naik
Published: April 2023

This research suggests a unique ECG security solution based on the data pattern-based encryption paradigm to address security issues in ECG signal transmission or storage environments. According to this concept, the encryption system controls the data security process by extracting key signatures from the ECG signal peaks to identify the characteristics or attributes of the data and encrypt it. To estimate the hashing qualities, the approach is to build a random key pattern based on the signal peaks and extract the signature. The signal was then encrypted and sent to a doctor or signal analyzer. The Bilateral Random Hashing (BRH) is used to achieve this. This updates the hashing generation model by analyzing the parameters using probabilistic distributional characteristics. This crucial motif was applied. This key pattern was utilized to encrypt the data samples using the Downhill Peak Follow (DPF) encryption technique, which follows the strength of the peak value in the ECG waveform. This suggested project is carried out using MATLAB scripting.
Fertility and fecundity in the Australian sheep flock
Authors: Refshauge G. , Golledge M. , Rickard J. , de Graaf S.
Published: April 2023

After decades of decline, the Australian sheep flock aspires to rebuild its population of breeding ewes. A successful, rapid rebuild will rely on high pregnancy rates and number of lambs born and reared. To examine this potential, historical pregnancy scanning records were collated from two experienced sheep pregnancy scanning businesses (years 2006 to 2019) from 15,397 mobs of ewes, totalling 7,443,314 ewes. Client details were de-identified and excluded from analyses, but when available details describing the mobs were retained, such as season of mating, production zone, ewe age, and breed. The key finding was a mean pregnancy rate (ewes pregnant per ewe scanned) of 0.76 ± 0.24, with a median of 0.83. Mobs scanned for litter size had a higher mean (0.84 ± 0.15) and median (0.89) pregnancy rate. The mean reproduction rate (fetuses per ewe scanned) was 1.21 ± 0.27 and the median was 1.25. None of the factors including age, breed, season, year or production zone explained the low overall mean pregnancy rate. The unexpected findings imply a problem exists with the fertility of many Australian sheep flocks and that pregnancy rate is a clear constraint on flock rebuilding aspirations.
Biological and molecular characterization of HCB-289: a Brazilian head and neck cancer stem-like cell line
Authors: Melendez Matias Eliseo , Silva-Oliveira Renato José , Evangelista Adriane Feijó , Pelloso Ana Rubia Alcantara , Arantes Lidia Maria Rebolho , Reis Rui Manuel , De Carvalho Ana Carolina , Carvalho André Lopes
Published: April 2023

In the present study, we describe the establishment of a Brazilian primary laryngeal HNSCC cell line, HCB-289, and isolated a putative cancer stem-like cell subpopulation. Primary cell culture was established from a mechanically disrupted fresh tumor by adherence to cell culture flask. Tumor cells were enriched by fibroblast elimination via differential trypsinization. After establishment, a CD44HIGH /ALDHHIGH subpopulation was isolated and purified from the parental HCB-289 cells by cell sorting. The CD44HIGH /ALDHHIGH proliferation rates and lower sensitivity to cisplatin, paclitaxel, cetuximab, and allitinib than its CD44LOW /ALDHLOW counterpart. Moreover, nanoString subpopulation exhibited greater clonogenic potential, lower miRNome analysis of these two subpopulations showed a higher expression of has-miR-205-5p CD44HIGH /ALDHHIGH and a lower expression of has-miR146a-5p (ratio = 0.08) in the subpopulation (ratio = 35.37). This novel study model will help in the understanding of the biology and molecular features of larynx squamous cell carcinoma, and its chemotherapeutic resistance.
Implications:Our study established and characterized a new cell lineage from the Brazilian population derived from a solid primary tumor of the laryngeal HNSCC primary cell line and can be a useful tool for studying laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Psychological impact of the Northern Ethiopia Civil war on Tigray Athletes
Authors: Gebretensay Mulay , Legesse Kesatie , Kiflom Saymon
Published: April 2023

Background:The civil war in northern Ethiopia (November 4, 2020 – November 2, 2022) caused unimaginable suffering to the people of Tigray. Psychological suffering is among the many. It is well known that war affects all people living in the war zone and alters life dramatically, as its effects can be both physical injury of varying degrees of severity and the dangerous invisible wounds caused by psychological trauma and stress. As far as this issue is concerned, numerous research results have shown the psychological impact of war on the general population. However, no research has been carried out on the psychological impact of war on athletes. So the main objective of this study was to assess the psychological impact of the Northern Ethiopia civil war on Tigray Athletes.
Methods: To achieve the purpose of this study, a total of 144 athletes from various clubs in the Tigray area were selected using the convenience sampling method. The anxiety symptom was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the depression symptom was assessed using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies (CES-D) depression scale. The data gathered was analyzed using the SPSS statistical package (version 25 for Windows).
Results: Of 144 participants, 1 (0.7%) showed minimal anxiety; 4 (2.8%) showed mild anxiety; 29 (20.1%) showed moderate anxiety; and 110 (76.4%) showed severe anxiety. And regarding depression, all of the participants were shown symptoms of depression as their score was higher than 16 points.
Conclusions: As the result shows, almost all participants have a risk of anxiety and depression. It can thus be concluded that the two-year civil war in northern Ethiopia had a negative psychological impact on Tigray athletes.
Total knee arthroplasty using the Midvastus approach with a half tourniquet facilitate recoveries better： a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Wangxin , Pan Zhicheng , Sun Anqi , Sun Huihui , Liu Lei , Li Huajie , Zhang Yang
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis research aimed to compare recovery outcomes in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty(TKA) with a half-course tourniquet using the midvastus(MV) approach and the medial parapatellar(MP) approach.MethodsPatients receiving TKA treatment (MV or MP) were retrospectively recruited in this study between June 2019 to June 2022. The demographic, perioperative, and patient satisfaction data were collected and compared between MV and MP groups.ResultsA retrospective study of 112 patients who underwent total knee replacement between June 2019 and June 2022 was divided into two groups according to different surgical approaches, including the MV approach (59 cases) and the MP approach (53 cases). General data (age, sex, height, weight, BMI, education level, VAS score, HSS score), intraoperative data(incision length, operation time, intraoperative blood loss) and postoperative data(postoperative drainage volume, hemoglobin difference before and after surgery, time of first postoperative landing, postoperative hospital stay, VAS score and HSS score in the first week, one month and three months after surgery), as well as the number of blood transfusion cases, the number of surgical complications, and satisfaction were collected.ConclusionsBoth the midvastus approach and the medial parapatellar approach were able to complete the knee replacement and improve the patients’ knee function, and the medial femoral approach was beneficial for the patients’ early recovery, but there was no significant difference in knee function, complications, and satisfaction between the two groups at 3 months after surgery.
Permissioned Blockchain Network for Proactive Access Control to Electronic Health Records
Authors: Psarra Evgenia , Apostolou Dimitris , Verginadis Yiannis , Patiniotakis Ioannis , Mentzas Gregoris
Published: April 2023

Background As digital healthcare services handle increasingly more sensitive health data, robust access control methods are required. Especially in emergency conditions, where the patient’s health situation is in peril, different healthcare providers associated with critical cases may need to be granted permission to acquire access to Electronic Health Records (EHRs) of patients. The research objective of our work is to develop a proactive access control method that can grant emergency clinicians access to sensitive health data, guaranteeing the integrity and security of the data, and generating trust without the need for a trusted third party.Methods To enable proactivity, we apply Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Networks (NNs) that utilize patient’s recent health history to prognose the next two-hour health metrics values. Fuzzy logic is used to evaluate the severity of the patient’s health state. These techniques are incorporated in a private and permissioned Hyperledger-Fabric blockchain network, capable of securing patient’s sensitive information in the blockchain network.Results Integrating this predictive mechanism within the blockchain network proved to be a robust tool to enhance the performance of the access control mechanism. Furthermore, our blockchain network can record the history of who and when had access to a specific patient’s sensitive EHRs, guaranteeing the integrity and security of the data.Conclusions Our proposed mechanism informs proactively the emergency team about patients’ critical situations by combining fuzzy and predictive techniques, and it exploits the distributed data of the blockchain network, guaranteeing the integrity and security of the data, and enhancing the users’ trust to the mechanism.