bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overview of Risk Factors for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in China
Authors: Conway Erica , Wu Haisheng , Tian Linwei
Published: November 2023

(1) Background: China holds the highest esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) incidence areas in the world, with some areas of incidence over 100 per 100,000. Despite extensive public health efforts, its etiology is still poorly understood. This study aims to review and summarize past research into potential etiologic factors for ESCC in China. (2) Methods: Relevant observational and intervention studies were systematically extracted from four databases using key terms, reviewed using Rayyan software, and summarized into Excel tables. (3) Results: Among the 207 studies included in this review, 130 studies were focused on genetic etiologic factors, followed by 22 studies focused on dietary-related factors, 18 studies focused on HPV-related factors, and 37 studies focused on other factors. (4) Conclusions: ESCC in China involves a variety of factors including genetic variations, gene-environment interactions, dietary factors like alcohol, tobacco use, pickled vegetables, and salted meat, dietary behavior such as hot food/drink consumption, infections like HPV, poor oral health, gastric atrophy, and socioeconomic factors. Public health measures should prioritize genetic screening for relevant polymorphisms, conduct comprehensive investigations into environmental, dietary, and HPV influences, enhance oral health education, and consider socioeconomic factors overall as integral strategies to reduce ESCC in high-risk areas of China.
Addressing Patients Request to Add Dietary Supplements in Cancer Care- A Suggested Approach
Authors: Frenkel Moshe , Morse Meroe B , Narayanan Santhosshi
Published: November 2023

Dietary supplements are widely embraced by cancer patients seeking complementary and integrative approaches to their care. Unfortunately, many patients do not discuss supplement use with physicians, often due to perceptions of physician indifference or negativity toward supplements. This communication gap exposes patients to unreliable information sources and, potentially, unnecessary risk.

As the healthcare landscape evolves, patients increasingly value physicians who recognize their pivotal role in shaping healthcare decisions. This patient-centered perspective emphasizes the provision of evidence-based information tailored to individual needs, open discussions on potential risks, and shared decision-making. It underscores the importance of respecting patient autonomy, offering alternative options, documenting preferences, and ensuring ongoing support while coordinating with the healthcare team.

To address these needs, healthcare providers should transform their perspectives and become expert guides who embrace patients as informed, empowered participants. This approach prioritizes open dialogue that considers both facts and uncertainties regarding dietary supplement use, allowing for mutually informed decision-making.

Here, we review the literature and present a practical approach emphasizing open discussions, transparency, and respect for patient autonomy. Following this approach, healthcare providers can empower patients to navigate the complexities of dietary supplement use in the context of cancer care, ultimately safeguarding patient safety and well-being.
Agroecological Aptitude of the North of the Province of Formosa (Argentinian Subtropical Region) for Banana Production
Authors: Del Medico Ana Paula , Vitelleschi Maria Susana , Lavalle Andrea Lina , Tenaglia Gerardo Carlos , Pratta Guillermo Raul
Published: November 2023

Banana (Musa spp.) is an important crop to the economies of many developing countries. In the north of Argentina, a sub-tropical region, banana plants grow in a suboptimal environment that limits yield because only one harvest per year is achieved. The objective of this work was to characterize the agroecological aptitude of Formosa, Argentina, for banana production, through the behavior of three varieties of international use: Willians, Jafa and Gran Enano, evaluated during five consecutive campaigns. The three-way data analysis technique called Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) was used for evaluating varieties’ performances across cycles of production. The results allowed inferring the existence of genotype x environment (GEI) interaction, corroborated by two-way factorial ANOVA. In order to determine how this suboptimal environment affects the development of each genotype of this perennial crop, Dual Multiple Factor Analysis (DMFA) was applied to jointly analyze the correlation structure among traits contributing to the performance of each variety at each campaign. The correlation structures between variables were different in each population and varied among campaigns. All traits showed a great variation across years and genotypes, the fruit peel thickness being the most discrepant throughout the campaigns. However, Formosa appeared as a promising subtropical agroecological environment to produce banana because varieties’ performances were acceptable for large scale production systems. In addition to evaluating the adequate aptitude for cultivating banana in Formosa considering the significant effect of GEI, this research makes a methodological contribution by proposing the use of three-way data analysis MFA and DMFA in Agronomy Science.
Brassinosteroids Effectively Enhance Sunflower Resistance against Parasitic Weed (Orobanche cumana) Infection
Authors: Zhang Na , Ali Skhawat , Huang Qian , Yang Chong , Ali Basharat , Chen Weiqi , Zhang Kangni , Ali Sharafat , Ulhassan Zaid , Zhou Weijun
Published: November 2023

Broomrape (Orobanche cumana), root parasitic weed, negatively affects sunflower, thereby causing severe yield losses and required controls on O. cumana infestation. Brassinosteroids (BRs) plays key roles in plant growth and provides resilience to weed infection. This designed study evaluated the mechanisms by which BRs ameliorates O. cumana infection in sunflower (Helianthus annuus). The pretreatment of sunflower seeds with various concentrations of BRs (1, 10, and 100 nM) were applied with and without O. cumana infestation. Under O. cumana infection, a significant reduction in plant height (38.61%), fresh/dry biomass, photosynthesis and regulation in plant defense (POX, GST), BRs signaling (BAK1, BSK1 to BSK4) and synthesis (BRI1, BR6OX2) associated genes. Moreover, O. cumana elevated the levels of MDA, OH‒, H2O2 and O2•‒ in leaves/roots by 77%/112%, 62%/104%, 57%/98% and 55%/89.4% and caused ultrastructural damages in leaves/roots, suggesting the severe oxidative or cellular damages in sunflower. In response, plants activate activities of SOD and POD enzymes as well as reduced or oxidized glutathione, but unable to stimulate APX and CAT activities. Addition of BRs, especially at 10 nM notably lowered the production of oxidative stress, activated the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The downregulation in the reported genes by BRs attributed to the increased resilience of sunflower (via susceptible reaction). In nutshell, the pretreatment of BRs enhanced the sunflower resistance to O. cumana infection by improving the planta growth and biomass, photosynthesis, activating the antioxidant defense system, lowering the oxidative stress, cellular damages and modulating the expression of BR synthesis and signaling genes.
Physics-Informed Neural Networks for the Condition Monitoring of Rotating Shafts
Authors: Parziale Marc , Lomazzi Luca , Giglio Marco , Cadini Francesco
Published: November 2023

Condition monitoring of rotating shafts is essential for ensuring the reliability and optimal performance of machinery in diverse industries. In this context, as industrial systems become increasingly complex, the need for efficient data processing techniques is paramount. Deep learning has emerged as a dominant approach due to its capacity to capture intricate data patterns and relationships. However, a prevalent challenge lies in the black-box nature of many deep learning algorithms, which often operate without adhering to the underlying physical characteristics intrinsic to the studied phenomena. To address this limitation and enhance the fusion of data-driven methodologies with the fundamental physics of the system under study, this paper leverages physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). Specifically, a simple but realistic numerical case study of an extended Jeffcott rotor model, encompassing damping effects and anisotropic supports for a more comprehensive modelling, is considered. PINNs are used for the estimation of five parameters that characterize the health state of the system. These parameters encompass the radial and angular position of the static unbalance due to the disk installed on the shaft, the stiffness along the principal axes of elasticity, and the non-rotating damping coefficient. The estimation is conducted solely by exploiting the displacement signals from the centre of the disk and, to showcase the efficacy and precision provided by this novel methodology, various scenarios involving different constant rotational speeds are examined. Additionally, the impact of noisy input data is also taken into account within the analysis.
Evaluating Acidity Levels in Packaged Coffee to Enhance Product Label Accuracy
Authors: Sharaf Eddin Abdulhakim , Yeboah Philip Junior , Ibrahim Salam A.
Published: November 2023

Coffee is one of the world’s most popular beverages. Coffee is enjoyed for a variety of reasons, including its sensory characteristics among which flavor is the most important. Some sensory characteristics of coffee, such as acidity, are attributed to the levels of various organic acids (OAs) and chlorogenic acids (CGAs) present in the brew. The amount and composition of these organic acids are considered key factors that influence the acidity of the coffee. Many roasted coffee products on the market claim to be low in acid or even acid-free altogether. In the present study, we evaluated the acidity of different packaged coffee products. All coffee samples were brewed using the drip method per preparation instructions for each product, and pH values for all samples were measured and recorded. Our results revealed a wide range of pH values among the tested products, with the highest pH value (pH 5.72) in sample XL96 and the lowest value (pH 4.97) in sample XL10. The pH values for the remainder of the samples ranged between (pH 5.0-5.29). The results thus support the importance of creating a standard for the accurate representation of acidity level information on coffee labels.
Effects of Different Nutrition Interventions on Sarcopenia Criteria in Older People: A Study Protocol for a Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ferreira Luis Fernando , Roda Cardoso Jéssica , Telles da Rosa Luis Henrique
Published: November 2023

Background: Sarcopenia, a subject of extensive research, has led to numerous clinical trials and systematic reviews (SR). These reviews aid healthcare professionals by summarizing results and conducting meta-analyses, enhancing reliability. However, the abundance of reviews complicates decision-making on sarcopenia management. To address this, SR of SR have emerged, consolidating data from various sources into comprehensive documents. Objective: to assess the isolated impact of dietary interventions on sarcopenia's diagnostic criteria for older individuals. Methods: a study protocol for a SR of SR, following Cochrane and PRISMA recommendations. The search strategy includes the MeSH ‘sarcopenia’ and its subheadings; ‘aged’ and its subheadings; ‘nutrition’ and its subheadings; and filter ‘systematic review’, performed at main databases. Selected studies must include older adults, submitted to nutritional interventions compared to control groups. Quantitative analyses will use inverse variance statistic method (random effects); the effect measures mean difference. Heterogeneity measured with Q-Test. Results: The results of this SR of SR will may provide valuable information about the sarcopenia treatment, deepening the knowledge about. Conclusion: this protocol is reproducible, requires low cost and personnel, and may allow a higher understanding on sarcopenia treatment and management on older people.
Electrochemical Performance of Symmetric Solid-State Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Xerogel Electrodes and Solid-Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Karamanova Boryana , Mladenova Emiliya , Thomas Mindju , Rey-Raap Natalia , Arenillas Ana , Lufrano Francesco , Stoyanova Antonia
Published: November 2023

Flexible energy storage devices, such as solid-state supercapacitors, are becoming increasingly attractive due to their characteristics of high electrochemical performance, reliability, light weight, flexibility, absence of electrolyte leakage, high power density, and long lifetime. For the optimization of the solid-state symmetrical supercapacitor proposed in this work, it was employed in sodium and lithium form Aquivion electrolyte membrane, which serves as the separator and electrolyte. As electrode materials, carbon xerogels, synthesized by microwave-assisted sol-gel methodology, with designed and controlled properties were obtained. Commercial activated carbon (YP-50F, 'Kuraray Europe' GmbH) was used for comparison. Specifically, the developed solid-state symmetrical supercapacitors deliver sufficient high specific capacitances of 105−110 F g−1 at 0.2 A g−1, along with an energy density of 4.5 Wh kg−1 at 300 W kg−1, and in a voltage window of 0-1.2 V in an aqueous environments, also demonstrating excellent cycling stability up to 10,000 charge/discharge cycles. These results can demonstrate the potential applications of carbon xerogel as an active electrode material and cation exchange membrane as the electrolyte in the development of solid-state supercapacitor devices
Mechanism of Formation of Internal and Surface Defects in Casting and Their Transformation Into Surface Defects of Sheet Sheet
Authors: Ibraev I.K. , Ibraeva O.T.
Published: November 2023

The results of a study of the processes of formation of macro- and micro-inhomogeneity of ingots and rolled sheets are presented. To study the nature and sources of surface defects in rolled sheets, a comparative method of structural-concentration analysis of metal at the end-to-end metallurgical process of ingot - slab - sheet metal has been developed, based on the metallographic method of studying the structure and qualitative analysis of non-metallic inclusions. The research results showed that the quality of the surface of rolled sheets is determined mainly by the physical heterogeneity of the crust zone of the ingots, and the internal defects of thin rolled sheets largely depend on the contamination of the metal with non-metallic inclusions and off-axis segregation. A mechanism for transforming defects in the casting cortical zone into surface and internal defects in rolled sheets is proposed.
Our Mental Health is Determined by an Intrinsic Interplay Between the Central Nervous System, Enteric Nerves, and Signals Generated by Gut Microbiota
Authors: Dicks Leon M. T.
Published: November 2023

Bacteria in the gut microbiome play an intrinsic part in immune activation, intestinal permeability, enteric reflex, and entero-endocrine signaling. Gut microbiota communicates with the central nervous system (CNS) through the production of bile acids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), glutamate (Glu), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT) and histamine. A vast number of signals generated in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) reaches the brain via afferent fibers of the vagus nerve (VN). Signals from the CNS are returned to entero-epithelial cells (EES) via efferent VN fibers and communicate with 100 to 500 million neurons in the submucosa and myenteric plexus of the gut wall, which is referred to as the enteric nervous system (ENS). Intercommunications between the gut and CNS regulate mood, cognitive behavior, and neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism, depression, and schizophrenia. The modulation, development, and renewal of nerves in the ENS, and changes in the gut microbiome alter the synthesis and degradation of neurotransmitters, which ultimately influence our mental health. The more we decipher the gut microbiome and understand its effect on neurotransmission, the closer we may get to the developing of novel therapeutic and psychobiotic compounds to improve cognitive functions and prevent mental disorders. In this review, the intricate control of entero-endocrine signaling and immune responses that keep the gut microbiome in a balanced state, and the influence that changing gut bacteria have on neuropsychiatric disorders are discussed.
Benign Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholestasis: Where are we now?
Authors: Geladari Eleni V , Vallianou Natalia G , Margellou Evangelia , Kounatidis Dimitris , Sevastianos Vassilios , Alexopoulou Alexandra
Published: November 2023

Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) is a rare genetic cause of cholestasis. It is considered as part of inherited intrahepatic cholestasis syndromes, such as progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC), and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. BRIC is presented in infancy or in early adulthood. It is characterized by exacerbations and remissions of jaundice with accompanying intense itching, lasting from weeks to years throughout lifetime. Normal gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a characteristic laboratory finding. Contrary to PFIC, which may progress to cirrhosis, BRIC does not progress to chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. However, incessant episodes of cholestasis result in marked reduction in quality of life and distinct mutations increase the risk of hepatobiliary malignancy. In intervals between the exacerbations, the histological findings of centrilobular cholestasis together with the abnormal laboratory parameters return to normal. In this context, liver biopsy might be avoided. In this review, we will focus on the genetic aspects of BRIC, its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and prognosis of this autosomal recessive genetically determined cholestatic disorder. Moreover, triggering factors as well as treatment options will be further elucidated.
Genomic and Phylogenetic Characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 Genomes Isolated in Patients from Lambayeque Region, Peru
Authors: Aguilar-Martinez Sergio Luis , Sandoval-Peña Gustavo Adolfo , Molina-Mora José Arturo , Tsukayama-Cisneros Pablo , Díaz-Vélez Cristian , Aguilar-Gamboa Franklin Rómulo , Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: November 2023

Objective: To identify and characterise genomic and phylogenetically isolated SARS-CoV-2 viral isolates in patients from Lambayeque, Peru. Methods: nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from patients from the Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo Hospital, Chiclayo, Lambayeque, Peru, which have been considered mild, moderate and severe cases of COVID-19. Patients had to have tested positive for COVID-19, using a positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. Subsequently, the SARS-CoV-2 complete viral genome sequencing was carried out using Illumina MiSeq®. The sequences obtained from the sequence were analysed in Nextclade V1.10.0 to assign the corresponding clades, identify mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genes and perform quality control of the sequences obtained. All sequences were aligned using MAFFT v7.471. The SARS-CoV-2 isolate Wuhan NC 045512.2 was used as a reference sequence to analyse mutations at the amino acid level. The construction of the phylogenetic tree model was achieved with IQ-TREE v1.6.12. Results: it was determined that during the period December 2020 and January 2021, the lineages s C.14, C.33, B.1.1.485, B.1.1, B.1.1.1, B.1.111 circulated, lineage C.14 the most predominant with 76.7% (n=23/30), these lineages were classified in clade 20D mainly and also within clade 20B and 20A. On the contrary, the variants found in the second batch of samples of the period September – October 2021 were Delta Variant (72.7%), Gamma (13.6%), Mu (4.6%), Lambda (9.1%), distributed between clades 20J, 21G, 21H, 21J and 21I. Conclusions: This study reveals updated information on the viral genomics of SARS-CoV-2 in the Lambayeque region, Peru, which is crucial to understanding the origins and dispersion of the virus and provides information on viral pathogenicity, transmission and epidemiology.
Effect of Silver Nanoparticles and Essential Oils against Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Meroni Gabriele , Laterza Giulia , Tsikopoulos Alexios , Tsikopoulos Konstantinos , Vitalini Sara , Scaglia Barbara , Iriti Marcello , Bonizzi Luigi , Martino Piera Anna , Soggiu Alessio
Published: November 2023

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) is an emergent zoonotic agent associated with multidrug resistance (MDR). This work aimed to describe the antibacterial activity of four essential oils (EOs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against SP. Fifteen SP strains were tested. The four EOs, namely Rosmarinus officinalis (RO), Juniperus communis (GI), Citrus sinensis (AR) and Abies alba (AB), and AgNPs were used alone and in combination to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against SP. All strains presented MDR and methicillin resistance. Among the antibiotic cohort, only rifampicin, doxycycline and amikacin were effective. When EOs were tested alone, AB showed the lowest MIC followed by GI, RO and AR (0.23%±0.3; 0.5%±0.51; 0.79%±0.39; 0.93%±0.63). MBC was increased with the following order: AB, GI, AR and RO (3.56%±4.87; 4.93%±6.27; 8.53%±7.2; 10.34%±5.31). MIC and MBC values for AgNPs were 10.74 mg/L±4.23; 261.05 mg/L±172.74. In combination, the MIC and MBC values were lower for all compounds. In conclusion, EOs and AgNPs could be considered as promising antibacterial alternatives to antibiotics.
Radiative Regime According to the New MSU-RAD(BSRN) Complex in Moscow: The Role of Aerosol, Surface Albedo and Sunshine Duration
Authors: Piskunova Daria , Chubarova Natalia , Poliukhov Aleksei , Zhdanova Ekaterina
Published: November 2023

Radiative budget is one of the key factors influencing climate change. The aim of this study is to analyze radiative regime in Moscow using the MSU-RAD(BSRN) instrumentation complex and to estimate radiative effects of the main atmospheric factors during the 2021-2023 period. Due to variations in aerosol content, the loss of global shortwave irradiance (Q) varies from 37 to 186 W/m2 (or about 18-22%) at different solar elevations with a significant decrease in direct irradiance and increase in diffuse irradiance due to multiple scattering. In winter, we observed the increase in Q of about 45 W/m2 (or 9%) at h=30° due to high surface albedo, smaller aerosol and water vapor content. At the same time, net shortwave irradiance (Bsh) demonstrates a significant decrease due to prevailing effects of snow albedo. A nonlinear dependence of Q and Bsh cloud transmittance on relative sunshine duration (Sd) is observed. Mean changes in Q against the 1955-2020 period are characterized by negative anomalies (-22%) in winter and positive anomalies in summer (+3%) due to the changes in cloudiness, reflected in Sd variations. This is in line with global tendencies in long-term changes of shortwave irradiance in moderate climate in Europe during the last years.
Genetic Engineering of Agrobacterium Increases Curdlan Production through Increased Expression of the crdASC Genes
Authors: McIntosh Matthew
Published: November 2023

Curdlan is a water-insoluble polymer that has structure and gelling properties useful in a wide variety of applications such as in medicine, cosmetics, packaging and the food and building industries. The capacity to produce curdlan has been detected in certain soil-dwelling bacteria of various phyla, although the role of curdlan in their survival remains unclear. One of the major limitations of the extensive use of curdlan in industry is the high cost of production during fermentation, partly because production involves specific nutritional requirements such as nitrogen limitation. Engineering of the industrially relevant curdlan-producing strain Agrobacterium sp. ATTC31749 is a promising approach that could decrease the cost of production. Here, during investigations on curdlan production, I found that curdlan was deposited as a capsule. Curiously, only a part of the bacterial population produced a curdlan capsule. This heterogeneous distribution appeared to be due to the activity of Pcrd, the native promoter responsible for the expression of the crdASC biosynthetic gene cluster. To improve curdlan production, Pcrd was replaced by a promoter (PphaP) from another Alphaproteobacterium, Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Compared to Pcrd, PphaP was stronger and only mildly affected by nitrogen levels. Consequently, PphaP dramatically boosted crdASC gene expression and curdlan production. Importantly, the genetic modification overrode the strict nitrogen depletion regulation that presents a hindrance for maximal curdlan production and from nitrogen rich, complex media, demonstrating excellent commercial potential for achieving high yields using cheap substrates under relaxed fermentation conditions.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KREDITOR SEPARATIS DALAM EKSEKUSI HARTA BOEDEL PAILIT APABILA DIHADAPKAN DENGAN SITA PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI
Authors: Mubarak Hakim Harismawan , Kharisma Dona Budi
Published: November 2023

This article aims to explain the legal position of the state in the confiscation of a criminal act of corruption that is faced with confiscation in bankruptcy, position, and legal protection for separatist creditors in the execution of bankruptcy assets when confronted with confiscation in a criminal act of corruption. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a case approach. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the position of creditors is weak in the sense that they do not have legal certainty when the execution of the bankruptcy assets is faced with seizure in a corruption case, so that no party can execute the bankruptcy property which is included in the confiscation in the case of crime. criminal corruption until there is a verdict with permanent legal force, and the loss to the state has been paid off based on the sale of assets included in the assets obtained from the proceeds of the criminal act of corruption as stipulated in the court decision. In the confiscation of a corruption crime case, the principle of public interest applies so that the position of the confiscation in the corruption case is stronger than the seizure contained in the execution of the bankruptcy bailout which in fact is the application of the principle of personal interest. This has resulted in a stronger public interest principle as emphasized in the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (vide paragraph IV) along with its torso in Articles 33 and 44 have outlined that all government officials must carry out activities leading to the implementation. public interest.
STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF THERMOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA ON GRINDED SURFACE QUALITY PARAMETERS OF PRODUCTS MADE FROM HARD-TO-PROCESS MATERIALS
Authors: Usov Anatoliy , Zaychyk Yuriy
Published: November 2023

Grinded surface quality state of products made from hard-to-process materials is formed under the influence of thermomechanical phenomena during final machining operations. But grinding causes the formation of burns, cracks, and tensile stresses in surface layers of products. These defects significantly influence reliability and durability of products during their operation. High thermal tension of diamond-abrasive processing leads to the fact that thermophysics of these processes is dominating in formation of quality characteristics of processed surface. Existing grinding methods for products made from hard-to-process materials do not allow to fully eliminate defects that occur in surface layer. Among the factors that conduce these defects are inevitable fluctuations of processing allowance, microheterogenity of the material characterized by the size of grain, packaging defects, structural transformations and dislocations, product warping during thermal treating, insufficiently studied thermomechanical phenomena. The mentioned effects accompany grinding process and cause burn marks, microcracks, structural transformations, residual stresses. Exploration of thermomechanical phenomena that form the quality of surface layer considering preceding machining operations of products, determining their influence on cracks and burns formation based on quality analysis of thermal and stress states and make up the objective of this research. This paper proposes more efficient models for studying quantitative connections between technological system parameters, physical and mechanical properties of processed materials, their structure, and thermomechanical processes during grinding. We have developed optimal technological parameters for processing metals and alloys prone to defects in surface layer based on determined relationships. Such defects encompass defects like cracks, burns, and chips.
INFLUENCE OF RADIAL DEPTH OF CUT ON INITIAL CONDITIONS OF OSCILLATIONS DURING END-MILLING OF THIN-WALLED PARTS
Authors: Dyadya Sergei , Kozlova Olena , Tryshyn Pavlo , Brukhno Eduard , Yakhno Denys
Published: November 2023

Milling is widely used in mechanical engineering and other industries. Optimization of this process can lead to improved quality of machined parts, increased productivity and reduced wear of equipment. The paper investigates an important aspect of the milling process, namely the influence of radial depth of cut on the properties of the tool-part technological system (TS) and the amplitude of vibrations during machining. Vibrations can be a direct cause of reduction of quality and accuracy of machined parts. When the amplitude of vibrations increases, their impact on accuracy becomes critical. The analysis of studies of up and down end-milling with different radial depths of cut in the third speed zone of oscillations shows that with increasing radial depth of cut the cutting time and maximum thickness of the cut layer increases. This affects the length of the cutting surface and the character of the workpiece oscillations during up and down-milling. The length of the cutting surface determines how many waves of accompanying free oscillations of the TS and with what intensity will leave their trace on the cutting surface. In up-milling, the thickness of the cut layer increases with increasing radial depth of cut, while the amplitude of the accompanying free oscillations TS and their period decrease. At down milling the thickness of the cut layer decreases, and the amplitude of accompanying free oscillations of the TS and their period increase. A common characteristic feature of up and down-milling is the shaping of the machined surface in the cutting zone with a small thickness of the cut layer. In up-milling, this area is at the beginning of cutting, when the oscillation conditions are the same for all radial cutting depths. Therefore, the machined surfaces after up-milling with different radial cutting depths have close values of pitch and undulation height. At down-milling with increasing radial depth of cut, the amplitude of accompanying free oscillations of the TS in the profiling zone increases. This leads to an increase in the pitch and height of undulations on the machined surface. When milling in the third speed oscillation zone, it is necessary to select the radial depth of cut so that the cutting time is less than the period of the accompanying free oscillations of the TS. This will avoid undesirable oscillations and improve the quality of machining. The paper provides important results and recommendations for optimizing the milling process, considering the influence of radial depth of cut on TS properties and vibration amplitude. These findings may be useful for professionals working in the field of cutting materials processing to improve the efficiency and quality of production processes.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 18 по 24 ноября 2023 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: November 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 Omicron вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 18 по 24 ноября 2023 г.
The use of volumetric sphygmography to assess cardiovascular risk in people working under the influence of industrial noise: manual for doctors
Authors: Rudoi M.D. , Umnyagina I.A. , Makarova E.V. , Troshin V.V.
Published: November 2023

The information and methodological manual was approved at the meeting of the Academic Council of the Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Hygiene and Occupational Pathology of Rospotrebnadzor on 21.09.2023, recommended for in-depth mandatory medical examinations of workers in harmful working conditions, with additional professional education of occupational pathologists. The relevance of the manual is due to the fact that diseases of the circulatory system currently remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality of people of working age, at the same time, the complex of clinical and laboratory studies regulated by normative documents on mandatory medical examinations of workers in harmful working conditions is not always sufficient to identify a risk group for this pathology. The aim of the manual is to provide methodological and practical assistance to occupational pathologists to identify a risk group for cardiovascular diseases during mandatory medical examinations of workers exposed to industrial noise using sphygmography. The training manual provides practical recommendations on the use of the sphygmography technique during mandatory medical examinations, provides comparisons of its results with data from other clinical and instrumental studies based on the analysis of existing regulatory and methodological documents, scientific literature and own experience. An algorithm for assessing cardiovascular risk in people working with industrial noise has been developed, the most informative sphygmography indicators have been identified to determine a risk group among this contingent of workers. An algorithm for assessing cardiovascular risk in people working with industrial noise has been developed, the most informative sphygmography indicators have been identified to determine a risk group among this contingent of workers.
From Gustav Shpet to Nikolay Zhinkin, or Ways of Transition from Poetry to Painting
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Dennes Maryse
Published: November 2023

Among the students of the famous Russian philosopher Gustav Gustavovich Shpet, who worked with him at the State Academy of Artistic Sciences in the 1920s, Nikolai Ivanovich Zhinkin, who embodied the ideas of his teacher not only in his early (phenomenological) works, but also in mature (psycholinguis­tic) works, occupies a special place. He transferred Shpet’s concept of the inner form of the word (which has phenomenological foundations) to a new semantic plane, revealing the correlativity of poetry and painting as ways of expressing a person’s aesthetic activity. And so, already in the 1920s he expanded the scope of the phenomenological method, showing to the Academy environment and himself the path of further movement in the sciences of man and the reality sur­rounding him. Both Shpet and Zhinkin were interested in the question of how a person cognizes the world, which he himself creates, how he transforms the surrounding reality, introducing meaning into it. Shpet in Aesthetic Fragments (1922–1923) answers these questions, comprehending the internal forms of po­etry, and Zhinkin turns to the reality of painting, revealing the internal forms of the portrait (article Portrait Forms, 1928). The author suggests that Zhinkin’s late works in the field of psycholinguistics, cinema theory and logic, which have not lost their relevance today, need to be re-read and rethought today in the con­text of the development of phenomenological ideas in the USSR and modern Russia.
From Rome to the Third Rome? Dante and Tyutchev in Search of Empire
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Timoshina Elena V.
Published: November 2023

The article compares Dante’s and Tyutchev’s conceptions of empire. Despite the fact that their imperial projects are separated by six centuries, they are con­nected with the comprehension of the Roman Empire as the historical destiny of the European world. A comparison of their concepts is of particular interest due to the fact that in Dante we find recognizable features of New Age political and legal thought, while in Tyutchev we find an interpretation of their mani­fested consequences. Conceptualizing the concept of empire as interpreted by the poets, the author comes to the conclusion that empire as an idea conceived over the actual geopolitical reality was considered by them as having no fixed spatial and temporal boundaries – it is not a static political body chained in boundaries, but a sort of canon of a large political space formed by the “radia­tions” of empire. At the same time, the idea expressed by V.S. Solovyov and Y.M. Lotman of the kinship of the poets’ ideas about empire is only partially true. Dante and Tyutchev proposed fundamentally different grounds for the legit­imacy of the right (power) to empire and, accordingly, came to different conclu­sions about the subject of this right and the direction of translatio imperii. In Tyutchev’s system of ideas Dante’s justification of the autonomous political order of the empire – an “earthly paradise” within which the goals of “corrupt­ible” man are achieved – with the help of arguments to reason and the nature of things turns out to be the origin of the destructive to European civilization ten­dencies, that he witnessed.
This Multidimensional and Diverse Globalization
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communication, Shchelkunov Mikhail D. , Sergeev Sergey A. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communication, Agapov Oleg D. ,   Kazan Innovative University named after V.G. Timiryasov (IEML)
Published: November 2023

Reflections on the book Chumakov, Alexander N., DeBlasio, Alyssa, Ilyin, Ilya V., eds. (2022) Philosophical Aspects of Globalization: A Multidisciplinary Inquiry, Brill Rodopi, Leiden; Boston. 447 p. The creators of collective work focus on philosophical, ecological, historical, geopolitical, socio-cultural and humanitarian dimensions of globalization, as well as on projects of the coming world order and problems of Russia’s civilizational choice. The main emphasis is placed on the philosophical aspects of the phenom­enon of globalization. In the theoretical and methodological terms, the authors are connected by a common intuition of searching for algorithms and develop­ment strategies, overcoming the inertia of history, reaching the level of freedom and responsibility. Each of the authors makes a feasible contribution to the pro­duction of a new cultural-civilizational and technological-economic matrix of mo­dernity, which, unlike the previous stages, should become more human-oriented, stable, and able to avoid the injustices or assimilation of previous “current modernity” periods.
Nikolay Danilevsky: between Slavophilism and Pan-Slavism
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Maslin Mikhail A.
Published: November 2023

Nikolay Danilevsky’s book “Russia and Europe” was written in hot pursuit of the Crimean War (1853–1856), when the powers of Holy Union broke political equilibrium after the victory of the Russian army over Napoleon and started a new aggressive war against Russia, the only sovereign Slavic state in Europe. The book could be evaluated as an in­tellectual epilogue of the Crimean War in which there were pointed out two central prob­lems: firstly, to show the sovereignty and future perspectives of Slavic civilization, which has occupied it’s own legitimate historic place in Europe as an independent cultural-his­toric type; secondly, to construct the project of the All-Slavic Union as a protective bar­rier against European invasion. The solution of the first problem was based on the tradi­tions of Russian thought, especially on Slavophilism. So that demonstrated it’s culmina­tion and specific Russian contribution to the world civilizational theory. The solution of the second problem was based on the “circle of conservative utopia” (A. Walicki) de­rived from the European Pan-Slavism (Austroslavism), founded on the territory of Aus­tro-Hungarian Empire as early as at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The contra­dictory combination of Slavophilism and Pan-Slavism is the subject of the historiosophi­cal study in the current article.
N.Ya. Danilevsky on geopolitical relations between Russia and the West in the context of the current situation in the country and the world (to the 200th anniversary of the birth)
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shevchenko Vladimir N.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of the theoretical heritage of the outstanding Russian philosopher, scientist, political publicist N.Ya. Danilevsky, the 200th anniversary of his birth was recently celebrated by the scientific community of the country. The au­thor of the article focuses on two main discoveries made by Danilevsky. Firstly, this refers to the theory of cultural-historical types, which was the basis for the formulation of geopolitical patterns, and this is his second discovery, explaining Russia’s attitude to Europe, to the political system of European states. After a long oblivion, the article em­phasizes, the name of Danilevsky in the early 90s of the last century was returned to do­mestic philosophy and science. Today is the time of the triumph of the civilizational ap­proach in Russia. The rapid growth of interest in the ideas of Danilevsky led, in fact, to the formation of a new direction in the social sciences and humanities – the domestic school of civilizational analysis of the history of Russian society in the context of world history. The article discusses in detail one of the main geopolitical patterns, whether Eu­rope is an integral political system and what Russia has to do with it. According to the au­thor, Danilevsky convincingly shows that the interests of Russia and Europe are mutually opposed and that in the political sense Russia is not only not Europe, but Anti-Europe. Danilevsky’s responses to Russophobic criticism from the West have become especially relevant today and, in practical terms, are in demand by Russian society. In conclusion, it is said about the conservative views of Danilevsky, about the possibility of their secular interpretation. The question of how social conservatism can become today a promising ideological construct for the development of the Russian state and society is discussed. The article is devoted to the analysis of discussions on the issue of a “special path” of Russia’s development, which have recently become more and more acute.
Essential characteristics of Greater Eurasia
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Grachev Bogdan V.
Published: November 2023

The article is dedicated to the exploring essential foundation of the idea of Greater Eura­sia and tries to conceptualize it. It is revealed why political and economic researches of Greater Eurasia are inevitably tend to appeal to philosophical methodology. Histori­cally gathering of huge territory follows one of the three ways: imperial, military or polit­ical union and integration. One of the key parts of the article focuses on dispelling the widespread opinion that Greater Eurasia is an integration project. For this purpose, the integration parameters are outlined and comparative analysis with the European union is performed. In the end author outlines the essence of Greater Eurasia as a project of in­tercivilization defense alliance axiologically confronting the Western civilization project.
Russian civilizational project in terms of political ideology
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Myurberg Irina I.
Published: November 2023

The article criticizes the state strategy of “deideologizing” the institutions of the country’s political management, adopted in the Russian Federation in the 1990s; it analyzes the in­ternal inconsistency of this strategy and supports the opinion of many prominent re­searchers about the indestructibility of the ideological phenomenon as a fundamental ele­ment of modern societies life. It is noted that ideologies can arise and develop sponta­neously, at the grassroots level, without the participation of government and other author­ities. Adoption of these theoretical provisions significantly affects the understanding of the place and role of ideologies in the life of civilizations. Fundamental mutual under­standing is recorded in this aspect between philosophers representing different types of modern societies. In theoretical circles, first come methods that make it possible to ad­equately rethink the inclusion of interdisciplinary principle in the “fabric” of civiliza­tional studies, with particular attention to the innovative potential of this concept. Ideol­ogy, as a phenomenon affecting a wide variety of aspects of societies life, recognizes multidimensional/multidisciplinary nature of its functioning. Making a civilizational project is impossible without simultaneously studying the historical reality of developing civilizations, adding their own cultural and historical boundaries on structures; it is due to the awareness of “the subject’s history” that a philosophical vision of the whole arises – one without which the project cannot gain value-symbolic goal-orientation. For example, the history of Russian culture (both literary, artistic and political) allows us to talk about its resistance to the extremes of Western individualism and create our own pic­ture of the world, taking into account this and other features.
Valuing Women’s Work: A framework for business on gender equality and decent work
Authors: Mhlanga Ruth , Downey Caroline , Patel Leena , Noble Rachel
Published: November 2023

Our strategic focus, Valuing Women’s Work (VWW), aims to redefine what ‘work’ means so that all the work women do – paid and unpaid – can truly be valued. This first briefing from the forthcoming series, Briefings for Business on Valuing Women’s Work, is an overview and introduces some of the issues we will be tackling as part of the strategic focus of VWW. The series aims to improve and reinforce companies’ understanding of how the systemic issues driving gender inequality interact with business practices. Vitally, the briefings show how transformative gender equality engagement is not about fixing women but about removing the structures and norms which disempower women in the first place.