bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune Response and Hemolymph Microbiota of Apis Mellifera and Apis Cerana After the Challenge With Recombinant Varroa Toxic Protein
Authors: Balakrishnan Balachandar , Wu Hua , Cao Li , Zhang Yi , Li Wenfeng , Han Richou
Published: August 2020

Background: The honeybee is a significant crop pollinator and key model insect for understanding social behavior, disease transmission, and development. The ectoparasitic Varroa destructor mite put threats on the honeybee industry. A Varroa toxic protein (VTP) from the saliva of Varroa mites contributes to the toxicity toward Apis cerana and the DWV elevation in Apis mellifera. However, the immune response and hemolymph microbiota of honeybee species after the injection of recombinant VTP has not yet been reported.Methods: In this study, both A. cerana and A. mellifera worker larvae were injected with the recombinant VTP. Then the expressions of the honeybee immune genes abaecin, defensin and domeless at three time points were determined by qRT-PCR, and hemolymph microbial community were analyzed by culture-dependent method, after recombinant VTP injection. Results: The mortality rates of A. cerana larvae were much higher than those of A. mellifera larvae after VTP challenge. VTP injection induced the up-regulation of defensin gene expression in A. mellifera larvae, and higher levels of abaecin and domeless mRNAs response in A. cerana larvae, compared with the control (without any injection). PBS injection also upregulated the expression levels of abaecin, defensin, and domeless in A. mellifera and A. cerana larvae. Three bacterial species (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus cohnii and Bacillus cereus) were isolated from the hemolymph of A. cerana larvae after VTP injection and at 48 h after PBS injections. Two bacterial species (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Staphylococcus aureus) were isolated from A. mellifera larvae after VTP challenge. No bacterial colonies were detected from the larval hemolymph of both honeybee species treated by injection only and the control. Conclusion: The result indicates that abaecin, defensin, and domeless genes and hemolymph microbiota respond to the VTP challenge. VTP injection might induce the dramatic growth of different bacterial species in the hemolymph of the injected larvae of A. mellifera and A. cerana, which provide cues for further studying the interactions among the honeybee, VTP and hemolymph bacteria.
A Deep Neural Network for Gait Classification Based on Inertial Sensors in Post-Stroke Patients
Authors: Wang Fu-Cheng , Lin Chin-Hsien , Yuan Wei , Li You-Chi , Kuo Tien-Yun , Chen Po-Yin , Fu Li-Chen
Published: August 2020

Background: Stroke survivors usually experience partial disability, due to abnormal gaits, which vary widely and require tailored rehabilitation programs. However, most gait classifications are based mainly on clinical assessments, which can be influenced by the therapist’s experience. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are devices that combine accelerometers and gyroscopes to detect movement. IMUs have been successfully used for assessing gait characteristics. Here, we aimed to develop a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model that incorporated information from a motion capture system and multi-labeling IMUs information. This DNN was developed to recognize individual gait patterns in patients affected by stroke to facilitate the design of suitable rehabilitation strategies and promote functional recovery.Methods: We recruited ten patients, aged 20–75 years, with a first-ever, unilateral, ischemic stroke, which caused mild to moderate leg paresis 4 weeks after stroke and ten neurologically normal healthy controls. We applied a motion capture system integrated with multi-label IMUs to acquire the gait information. The motion capture system measured gait information by detecting movement of LED markers attached to each participant. In addition, the IMUs were attached to each participant’s lower limbs to measure kinematic data. These measurements were then applied to the development of a DNN model that could recognize gait characteristics in patients after a stroke and in normal controls.Results: The DNN model achieved an average accuracy of 98.28% in differentiating the stroke gait from the normal gait. Among patients with stroke, the DNN model had an average accuracy of 96.86% in classifying the gait abnormality as either a drop-foot gait or a circumduction gait. We also applied a publicly available dataset, the Physical Activity Monitoring Data Set, which contained IMU information from another independent set of participants to validate our DNN model. We found an average accuracy of 98.60%.Conclusions: We developed a DNN model based on integrated information from a motion capture system and multi-label IMU inputs. This model might assist clinicians and therapists in identifying abnormal gaits more accurately and in applying suitable training programs within the “golden time window” of rehabilitation, after the onset of stroke.
Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 and Ti3SiC2-TiC/Al2O3 Composite Ceramics by Modifying Al2O3 Content Via in-situ Synthesized
Authors: Ji Jun , Wang Xuye , Yu Jinman , Li Qinggang , Wang Zhi , Shi Guopu
Published: August 2020

Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 and Ti3SiC2-TiC/Al2O3 composite ceramics with various Al2O3 fractions were prepared by Ti, Si, Al, TiC and Al2O3 powers via in-situ reaction. Al2O3 contents in raw materials could influence the reaction process of Ti3SiC2 generated. It would lead to react completely when the Al2O3 volume percentage between 50% to 70%, otherwise TiC as an impurity would be found. Finally the Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites with 54.4 wt% Ti3SiC2, and Ti3SiC2-TiC/Al2O3 composites with 54.7 wt% Ti3SiC2 and 9.2 wt% TiC were fabricated successfully. There were two types of TiC existed in composites, called intragranular and intergranular particles. The Ti3SiC2-TiC/Al2O3 composite ceramics with 9.2 wt% TiC showed the higher mechanical properties than Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composite. From the analyzing of microcrack propagation paths, the dispersed TiC particles as reinforcement agents would cause significant crack deflection, improving the flexural strength and fracture toughness up to 492 MPa and 7.8 MPa.m1/2 respectively.
Deworming Women of Reproductive Age During Adolescence and Pregnancy: What is the Impact on Morbidity From Soil-transmitted Helminths Infection?
Authors: Vegvari Carolin , Giardina Federica , Bajaj Sumali , Malizia Veronica , Hardwick Robert J. , Truscott James , Montresor Antonio , de Vlas Sake , Coffeng Luc , Anderson Roy
Published: August 2020

Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are a major cause of poor health in low- and middle-income countries. In particular, hookworm is known to cause anaemia in children and women of reproductive age (WRA). One goal of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2030 roadmap for neglected tropical diseases is to reduce STH-related morbidity in WRA. As a minimal intervention the WHO recommends deworming adolescent girls annually during human papilloma virus vaccination programmes and women of reproductive age (WRA) during pregnancy and lactation. These routine interventions are low cost can be implemented even from the most basic health services in endemic countries. In this study we use a cohort model to investigate the potential impact on STH-related morbidity in WRA.Results: We find that annual deworming of adolescent girls reduces morbidity in a similar way treatment programmes for pre-school-age and school-age children (pSAC and SAC). Treatment of WRA during pregnancy and lactation on its own has a small but significant effect on morbidity although it does not achieve the morbidity target (<2% moderate-to-high intensity infections) in this age group. However, depending on the age-intensity profile of infection, which may vary geographically, and assumptions on the density-dependence of egg production by fertilised female worms, continued school-based treatment may be able to reduce the force of infection acting on WRA, both through an indirect effect on the overall population based force of infection and via reducing the burden of infection as children age and move into the WRA age classes. As a result, morbidity in WRA may be eliminated.Conclusion: While deworming during pregnancy and lactation does not achieve the morbidity target in WRA and its efficacy may vary by setting, it is still expected to be beneficial for maternity and child health. Monitoring of any WRA-based intervention is recommended to evaluate its effectiveness.
Effects of Diffuse Light on Microclimate of Solar Greenhouse, and Photosynthesis and Yield of Greenhouse-grown Tomatoes
Authors: Zheng Liang , Zhang Qi , Zheng Kexin , Zhao Shumei , Wang Pingzhi , Cheng Jieyu , Zhang Xuesong , Chen Xiaowen
Published: August 2020

The application of diffuse light can potentially improve the homogeneity of light distribution and other microclimatic factors such as temperature inside greenhouses. In this study, diffuse light plastic films with different degrees of light diffuseness (20% and 29%) were used as the south roof cover of Chinese solar greenhouses to investigate the spatial distribution of microclimatic factors and their impacts on the growth and yield of tomato. The horizontal and vertical photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) distributions, air temperature distribution, and leaf temperature distribution inside the canopy, tomato leaf net photosynthesis (Pn), and fruit production during the growth period were determined. The results showed that diffuse light plastic film continuously improved the light distribution in the vertical and horizontal spaces of the crop canopy in terms of light interception and uniformity. A more diffuse light fraction also decreased the air and leaf temperatures of the middle canopy and upper canopy during the summer, thereby promoting the photosynthesis of the tomato plants. Pn of the middle and lower canopies with higher haze film were significantly greater than those with lower haze film (19.0% and 27.2%, respectively). The yields of higher stem density and lower stem density planted tomatoes in the 29% haze compartment were increased by 5.5% and 12.9% compared with 20% in the haze group, respectively. Diffuse light plastic films can improve the homogeneity of the canopy light distribution and increase crop production in Chinese solar greenhouses.
An optimal observable for color singlet identification
Authors: Buckley Andy , Callea Giuseppe , Larkoski Andrew , Marzani Simone
Published: August 2020

We present a novel approach to construct a color singlet tagger, i.e.~an observable that is able to discriminate the decay of a color-singlet into two jets from a two-jet background in a different color configuration. We do this by explicitly taking the ratio of the corresponding leading-order matrix elements in the soft limit, thus obtaining an observable that is provably optimal within our approximation. We call this observable the ``jet color ring" and we compare its performance to other color-sensitive observables such as jet pull and dipolarity.
We also assess the performance of the jet color ring in simulations by applying it to the case of the hadronic decays of a boosted Higgs boson and of an electroweak boson.
Functional and role-playing positions in modern management teams: an educational institution case study
Authors: Semenets-Orlova Inna , Klochko Alla , Tolubyak Vitaliy , Sebalo Liudmyla , Rudina Maryna
Published: August 2020

The analysis of scientific approaches to understanding the psychological characteristics of the role of the management team is important in the context of ensuring the organizational development of educational institutions. The purpose of the study is to explore the basic approaches and views of modern researchers on defining team roles, to identify the main functional and role positions in the management team.Determining the types of leadership roles of educational institutions based on empirical research data. Also based on the method of case studies problem-situational analysis − solving leadership problems by educational managers − were analyzed the effectiveness of role-playing positions in management teams. Conclusions were made about the need for some correction of understanding and assessment of the importance of all roles in the staff of heads of educational institutions. Each of these command roles related to specific personality traits identified by the tests.An analysis of the orientation of education leaders towards team roles shows that they tend to focus on all team roles. However, one can say that some roles are more attractive to researchers, while others are less attractive. The government can use the research findings to create and implement training programs for educational leaders.
Pemberdayaan Santri Dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif “Kimi Bag” Di Pondok Pesantren Al Qohar Klaten
Authors: Wijaya Ning Karna , Aini Soraya
Published: August 2020

The empowerment of santri is a positive effort in realizing the goals of Islamic boarding schools in equipping students with religious knowledge and general science. This study aims to describe and to analyze the empowerment of santri in the Al Qohar Islamic Boarding School Klaten trough the development of creative economic products “Kimi Bag” as an effort to strengthen the soul of santri entrepreneurship. Santri can improve creativity and innovative abilities in developing creative economic ventures. Education and training is carried out by involving santri especially in production activities. The development of “Kimi Bag” products which are able to penetrate foreign markets provide added value for the santri in building motivation and enthusiasm for santri entrepreneurship. This santri empowerment program is expected to be able to instill a spirit of entrepreneurship that is not only worldly profit oriented but also based on the ukhrowi value.

 

Pemberdayaan santri merupakan upaya positif mewujudkan tujuan pondok pesantren membekali santri dengan ilmu keagamaan dan ilmu pengetahuan umum. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pemberdayaan santri di Pondok Pesantren Al Qohar Klaten melalui pengembangan usaha ekonomi kreatif “Kimi Bag” sebagai upaya menguatkan jiwa entrepreneurship santri. Santri dapat menyalurkan kemampuan kreasi dan inovasi dalam mengembangkan usaha ekonomi kreatif. Pendidikan dan pelatihan dilakukan dengan melibatkan santri terutama dalam kegiatan produksi. Perkembangan produk “Kimi Bag” yang mampu menembus pasar luar negeri memberi nilai tambah tersendiri bagi para santri dalam membangun motivasi dan semangat entrepreneurship santri. Program pemberdayaan santri ini diharapkan mampu menanamkan jiwa entrepreneurship yang tidak hanya berorientasi keuntungan duniawi saja namun juga dilandasi nilai-nilai ukhrowi.
Pendampingan Bagi Guru Madrasah Aliyah Dalam Proses Penyusunan Soal Berbasis Daring Dengan Aplikasi Quizziz
Authors: Tauhidah Dian , Prayitno Muhammad Agus
Published: August 2020

The era of the industrial revolution 4.0 is an era where human life is always associated with technology and information. One example of activities related to technology and information in madrasah is e-learning. E-learning can improve learning outcomes, critical thinking skills, and motivation. E-learning applications have been found on the internet, including Schoology, Edmodo, Google Classroom, Rumah Belajar, Phet Colorado, Quizziz, and others. Quizziz is an application that supports the organization of test online. The use of the application in daily tests can help teachers reduce errors in assessment. The Quizzez application is also effectively used in class because it is simpler in its application.

 

Era revolusi industri 4.0 merupakan era di mana kehidupan manusia selalu berkaitan dengan teknologi dan informasi.  Salah satu contoh kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan teknologi dan informasi di madrasah adalah pembelajaran dalam jaringan (daring). Pembelajaran daring dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar, kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan motivasi belajar siswa. Aplikasi pembelajaran daring sudah banyak dijumpai di internet, antara lain Schoology, Edmodo, Google Classroom, Rumah Belajar, Phet Colorado, Quizziz, dan lain-lain. Quizziz merupakan aplikasi yang mendukung tentang penyelenggaraan UH, UTS, dan UAS secara online. Penggunaan aplikasi dalam ulangan harian dapat membantu guru mengurangi kesalahan dalam penilaian. Aplikasi Quizzez juga efektif digunakan dalam pelatihan pembuatan soal berbasis daring karena lebih sederhana dalam penerapannya.
Penguatan Relasi Multikultural Dengan Literasi Digital Di Desa Pait Kasembon Malang
Authors: Chotimah Dien Nur , Sutaman Sutaman
Published: August 2020

This dedication’s to society activity that have been conducted in Pait Village, Kasembon District, Malang take the theme building and strengthening multicultural relations. The method used in dedication to society is the Participation Action Research (PAR) method, taking into account the conditions of assistance in the beginning and the conditions of assistance that are expected. Assistance was carried out in a number of Focus Group Discussions (FGD), socialization and some workshops. Strengthening multicultural relations in the people of Pait Village is very necessary given the diversity of different community backgrounds, especially from the religious aspect. This dedication program has resulted in the formation of a Multicultural Literacy Concern (PLM) community. In addition, the authorship assistance program was also carried out for the community members. Even expanding its influence by spreading their ideas through the website ikipait.com. This assistance resulted in a pretty good web design, displaying the writings of PLM community members.

 

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang telah dilakukan di Desa Pait, Kecamatan Kasembon, Kabupaten Malang ini mengambil tema membangun dan menguatkan relasi multikultural. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah metode Participation Action Research (PAR), dengan memperhatikan kondisi dampingan di awal serta kondisi dampingan yang diharapkan. Pendampingan dilakukan dalam beberapa Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan juga dalam bentuk sosialisasi serta pelaksanaan beberapa workshop. Penguatan relasi multikultural pada warga masyarakat Desa Pait sangat diperlukan mengingat keberagaman latar belakang masyarakat yang berbeda, terutama dari aspek agama. Program pengabdian ini menghasilkan terbentuknya komunitas Peduli Literasi Multikultural (PLM) yang berfungsi untuk menguatkan relasi multikultural. Selain itu, juga terlaksana program pendampingan kepenulisan kepada warga masyarakat. Bahkan meluaskan pengaruhnya dengan menyebarkan ide dan gagasan mereka melalui website ikipait.com. Pendampingan ini menghasilkan desain web yang cukup baik, dengan menampilkan tulisan-tulisan karya anggota komunitas PLM.
Penerapan Budaya Pengajaran Ala Pesantren di Lingkungan Dusun Sumberejo Lembeyan Wetan Magetan
Authors: Nurhidayati Maulida , Khasanah Nurul , Pamungkas Ragil
Published: August 2020

Kuliah Pengabdian Masyarakat (KPM) are activities that give students the opportunity to study and work in the community. This KPM is done in Sumber Rejo village Lembeyan Wetan District Magetan which began on 15 July 2019 until 15 August 2019. The activity begins by identifying the assets in Sumber Rejo village to be used for community empowerment. In Sumber Rejo village there are some well-utilized mushola and lack of interest to pray in the mosque. The activity chosen is the study of Mabadi ' Al-Fiqhiyyah by Sheikh Umar Ibn Abdul Jabbar and performed every Maghrib Ba'da in the mosque Nurul Hidayah RT 04 and the mosque Baitul Ikhlas at RT 05 with the division of time. For Mondays to Thursdays, the implementation of the Mabadi ' Al-Fiqhiyyah study activity is located at Mushola Nurul Hidayah. As for Friday to Sunday, this activity is located at the Mosque of Baitul Ikhlas. After the division of this time, to fill the void due to the division of time, in each mosque held also activities Sholawat al-Barzanji. Both activities gave a smooth walk and attracted people to pray in the Mushola.

 

Kegiatan Kuliah Pengabdian Masyarakat (KPM) merupakan kegiatan yang memberikan kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk belajar serta bekerja di masyarakat. KPM ini dilakukan di Dusun Sumber Rejo Desa Lembeyan Wetan Kabupaten Magetan yang mulai pada tanggal 15 Juli 2019 sampai dengan 15 Agustus 2019. Kegiatan dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi asset yang ada di Dusun Sumber Rejo untuk dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pemberdayaan masyarakat. Di Dusun Sumber Rejo terdapat beberapa mushola yang masih belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik serta kurangnya minat masyarakat untuk sholat di masjid. Kegiatan yang dipilih adalah kajian kitab Mabadi’ Al-Fiqhiyyah karangan Syekh Umar Ibn Abdul Jabbar dan dilaksanakan setiap ba’da magrib di mushola Nurul Hidayah RT 04 dan mushola Baitul Ikhlas di RT 05 dengan pembagian waktu. Untuk hari senin hingga kamis, pelaksanaan kegiatan kajian kitab Mabadi’ Al-Fiqhiyyah bertempat di Mushola Nurul Hidayah. Sedangkan untuk hari Jum’at hingga minggu kegiatan ini bertempat di Mushola Baitul Ikhlas. Setelah diadakan pembagian waktu ini, untuk mengisi kekosongan karena adanya pembagian waktu, pada masing-masing mushola diadakan pula kegiatan sholawat al-Barzanji. Kedua kegiatan ini memberikan berjalan dengan lancar dan menarik minat masyarakat untuk berjamaah sholat di mushola.
Fertilizer effect of composted sewage sludge and cattle manure onPelargoniumgrowth
Authors: Dridi Nesrine , Romdhane Lilia , Ferreira Renata , Sleimi Noomene
Published: August 2020

Sewage sludge is considered as a main product obtained from urban liquid effluents that are discharged into sanitation systems of wastewater treatment plants. The aim of this work was to reuse it as compost, after the dehydration process, to replace the amendment applied in agriculture and also to reduce the environmental pollution caused by solid wastes. To justify our biotechnological approach, nutrient characterization of the composted dewatered sewage sludge was carried out and compared to cattle manure. The contents of N, P, K, and the organic matter are 3.67, 5.64, 6.60 g·kg-1 dry matter (DM), and 70%, respectively, in compost and 3.1, 1.6, 3.0 g·kg−1 DM, and 55%, respectively, in manure. Fertilization tests with composted dewatered sewage sludge and cattle manure were performed on Pelargonium inquinans. Monitoring the length of the first internodes showed an improvement of 4.2 mm in the length in compost plants with a development of 22.8 buds and 8.2 flower buds (19.4 buds and 4.4 flower buds developed in manure plants). It appears that the intake of composted dewatered sewage sludge ensures better growth for the studied plant due to its richness in nutrients, which confirms the beneficial effect of composting sewage sludge on plant cultivation.
Box-Wilson design modeling of photocatalytic degradation of industrial dye and wastewater in semi-pilot solar photoreactor
Authors: Bouchareb Mohammed Kheir-eddine , Berkani Mohammed , Merouani Slimane , Bouhelassa Mohamed
Published: August 2020

This work focuses on the treatment of a dye solution, C.I. Basic Blue 41 (BB41), and industrial wastewater by UV/TiO2 photocatalytic process using aqueous catalyst suspensions of titanium dioxide (TiO2), Degussa P25. The procedures were carried out in a semi-pilot scale prototype solar photoreactor under solar radiation. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Wilson design was applied to assess individual effects of the five main independent parameters: initial dye concentration ([BB41]), TiO2 concentration ([TiO2]), flow rate (Q) initial pH and accumulated solar energy (Qvn) on the decolorization efficiency and to optimise the UV/TiO2 process. Photocatalytic mineralisation was carried out at the optimal conditions found by RSM and results were evaluated by total organic carbon (TOC) abatement for BB41 sloution and industrial wastewater. The optimal conditions found by RSM were: 0.4 g/L, 14.04 mg/L, 1,479.6 L/h, 5.52 and 80 KJ/L for TiO2 concentration, initial dye concentration, flow rate, initial pH and accumulated solar energy, respectively. Photocatalytic mineralisation results show that for accumulated visible solar energy equal to 377.714 kJ/L (after 6 hours of irradiation), under these conditions, the percentage of the initial TOC reduction is about 88% and 85.5% for industrial waste and BB41 solution, respectively.
Enhancement of benzene degradation by persulfate oxidation: synergistic effect by nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and thermal activation
Authors: Jiang Xihao , Lyu Shuguang , Ali Meesam , Huang Jingyao , Jiang Wenchao , Qiu Zhaofu , Sui Qian
Published: August 2020

The feasibility of an advanced oxidation process based upon sodium persulfate (SPS) activated simultaneously by heat (50 °C) and nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) on benzene removal was investigated. The experimental results strongly showed the synergistic effect of thermal and nZVI activation to SPS and benzene removal was enhanced with the increase of SPS/nZVI/benzene molar ratio. Specifically, 94% of benzene could be removed in 1 hr at 50 °C at the SPS/nZVI/benzene molar ratio of 10/5/1. The radical scavenger tests and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis confirmed that SO4•− was the predominant species contributing to benzene degradation. Further, the effects of the solution matrix on benzene elimination were investigated. The results indicated that benzene destruction in the thermally activated SPS/nZVI system performed better under acidic conditions, and the high concentration of both Cl− and HCO3− had adverse effects on benzene elimination. The test for the performance of benzene degradation in the actual groundwater demonstrated that benzene could be degraded entirely at SPS/nZVI/benzene molar ratio of 40/40/1 at 50 °C, indicating that the synergistic catalysis of thermal and nZVI activation to SPS is exploitable and the thermally activated SPS/nZVI system can be applicable to the remediation of benzene contaminated groundwater.
O MIEIB e a política curricular da educação infantil
Authors: Carvalho de Almeida Karla Wanessa , Lima Rodrigues Cibele Maria
Published: August 2020

Este artigo apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa qualitativa que analisou as contribuições do Movimento Interfóruns de Educação Infantil do Brasil (MIEIB) para Política de Educação Infantil, analisa-se nessa produção em específico a política curricular. A influência desse movimento social se deu ao longo dos governos do PT, em relação agonística, permeada pela lógica da hegemonia, nos limites do capitalismo, na perspectiva de Laclau, Mouffe, Southwell. O MIEIB se constituiu a partir de uma articulação entre lutas por creches e a atuação de intelectuais orgânicas, no bojo das lutas por direitos. Constituiu um discurso que tem a criança enquanto sujeito histórico e de direitos, defendendo especificidades do currículo na infância. Esse discurso está presente na análise das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Infantil e nas primeiras versões da Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Essa lógica se transmuta quando houve o golpe mudando a forma de conceber a construção das políticas.
A imprensa maranhense de educação e ensino
Authors: Castro Cesar Augusto , Lariissa Diniz Borges Almiceia , Velázquez Castellanios Samuel Luiz
Published: August 2020

Apresenta-se neste trabalho a relevância que o livro e a leitura ocuparam nas escolas maranhenses a partir da imprensa de educação e ensino, especialmente nos jornais das instituições de ensino primário entre os anos de 1902 a 1932. Objetiva-se compreender neste trabalho os discursos sobre o livro e a leitura nesses jornais e qual o seu papel no contexto escolar e não escolar. Essa pesquisa é fundamentada em dois momentos: a priori, o levantamento bibliográfico dos autores que abordam sobre o livro e a leitura e a imprensa de educação e ensino,. No segundo momento uma pesquisa documental, no caso os jornais dessas instituições escolares de ensino primário referente aos anos de 1900-1932. Conclui-se que esses jornais eram usados como forma de criticar assuntos relacionados ao ensino, principalmente aqueles que se referiam aos métodos de leitura e à importância do ler na formação do indivíduo
Escrita académica e plágio no ensino superior
Authors: Festas Isabel , Armanda Matos  , Ana Seixas
Published: August 2020

O plágio pode ser visto como um problema de literacia. A escrita académica é uma tarefa complexa, envolvendo competências de literacia necessárias para consultar, citar, compreender e escrever a partir de fontes. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi construir e validar um questionário destinado a avaliar as percepções de estudantes universitários acerca das suas competências de literacia. O estudo incluiu 202 estudantes. Foram feitas análises fatoriais através de análises de componentes principais, tendo-se encontrado: três fatores para a escala estratégias de compreensão (seleção, organização, integração); três para a escala estratégias de escrita(planificação, revisão e “penso-logo-escrevo”); três para a escala estratégias de escrita a partir de fontes (cópia, mosaico/paráfrase, sumário); dois para a escala estratégias de consulta(elementares, elaboradas). A escala conhecimento das normas de citação revelou uma boa fidelidade. O questionário desenvolvido é essencial para futuramente se estudarem as relações entre o plágio e as competências de literacia.
A taxa de alfabetização de Antônio Prado, Rio Grande do Sul (1895-1920)
Authors: Ciconetto Bernardi Manuela , Luchese Terciane Ângela
Published: August 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as taxas de alfabetização de Antônio Prado/RS entre os anos de 1895 e 1920. Como colônia ocupada por imigrantes e descendentes, em sua maioria provenientes do norte da Itália, poloneses e outros grupos com menor representatividade a partir de 1886, foi elevada à condição de município a partir de 1899. A análise documental histórica foi a metodologia empregada no conjunto de registros civis de matrimônios pesquisados num arco temporal de vinte e cinco anos. A análise da assinatura dos cônjuges nos registros civis de matrimônios gerou dados classificados por sexo, idade, nacionalidade e assinou/não assinou. O grupo amostral foi de 3.068 indivíduos. Em síntese, constatou-se que a taxa de alfabetização varia conforme nacionalidade, sexo e ano analisado, e que nesta localidade, a maioria eram assinantes e houve a manutenção da taxa no período analisado, perfazendo uma média de 60% de assinantes.
A educação de meninos na Amazônia
Authors: Pinheiro Welington da Costa , Da Silva Araújo Alves Laura Maria
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo, oriundo de tese de doutorado, objetiva analisar o ensino para meninos no Instituto Orfanológico do Outeiro, que foi uma instituição de destaque no atendimento e educação da infância pobre, no período de 1903-1913, na Amazônia paraense. O estudo se insere no âmbito da História das Instituições Educativas, sendo do tipo documental. As fontes da pesquisa foram o impresso “A Província do Pará”, Mensagem dos Governadores do Pará e ofícios, portarias e relatórios do estabelecimento investigado. Essas foram analisadas à luz da teoria discursiva bakhtiniana, com foco na categoria discurso ideológico. Os resultados apontaram que a educação oferecida no Orfanológico era fundamentada em uma rígida organização do tempo/espaço e composta por práticas educativas que intencionavam formar cidadãos civilizados, disciplinados, patrióticos e saudáveis, dando um “bom” destino à infância pobre na Amazônia, considerada, segundo discurso da época, como bruta, incivilizada e rude, necessitando de investimento para, assim, ter serventia.
Decreto nº 25.667, de 15 de outubro de 1948
Authors: De Araújo Marta Maria
Published: August 2020

Considerando o  disposto no art. 2.º da Lei n.º 59, de 11 de agosto de 1947, o Presidente Eurico Gaspar Dutra (1946-1951) expediu o Decreto nº 25.667, de 15 de outubro de 1948, contendo as instruções para a execução da cooperação financeira com os Estados, Territórios, Municípios, Distrito Federal e Instituições Particulares, destinada à ampliação e à melhoria da rede escolar primária, secundária e normal do país.

No dia 19 de novembro de 1953, foi firmado o Termo do Acordo Especial (abaixo do texto do Decreto), celebrado entre o Instituto de Estudos Pedagógicos (representado pelo professor Anísio Spínola Teixeira) e o Ginásio Diocesano Seridoense de Caicó (representado pelo Sr. Manoel Medeiros Brito) na concessão do auxílio de CR$150,000,00 (Cento e Cinquenta Mil Cruzeiros) para a ampliação e melhoria dessa instituição de Ensino Secundário Católica. Em face da relevância do referido Decreto e do Termo do Acordo Especial para a História da Educação no Brasil e no Rio Grande do Norte, é que se publica nesta Seção de Documento.
Oxidative Stress and Pathways of Molecular Hydrogen Effects in Medicine
Authors: Slezak Jan , Kura Branislav , LeBaron Tyler W. , Singal Pawan K. , Buday Jozef , Barancik Miroslav
Published: August 2020

There are many situations of excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as radiation, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and inflammation. ROS contribute to and arises from numerous cellular pathologies, diseases, and aging. ROS can cause direct deleterious effects by damaging proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids as well as exert detrimental effects on several cell signaling pathways. However, ROS are important in many cellular functions. The injurious effect of excessive ROS can hypothetically be mitigated by exogenous antioxidants, but clinically this intervention is often not favorable. In contrast, molecular hydrogen provides a variety of advantages for mitigating oxidative stress due to its unique physical and chemical properties. H2may be superior to conventional antioxidants, since it can selectively reduce ●OH radicals while preserving important ROS that are otherwise used for normal cellular signaling. Additionally, H2exerts many biological effects, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-shock. H2accomplishes these effects by indirectly regulating signal transduction and gene expression, each of which involves multiple signaling pathways and crosstalk. The Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway, which can be activated by H2, plays a critical role in regulating cellular redox balance, metabolism, and inducing adaptive responses against cellular stress. H2also influences the crosstalk among the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis, which involve MAPKs, p53, Nrf2, NF-κB, p38 MAPK, mTOR, etc. The pleiotropic effects of molecular hydrogen on various proteins, molecules and signaling pathways can at least partly explain its almost universal pluripotent therapeutic potential.
Simultaneous UPLC-MS/MS Determination of 6-mercaptopurine, 6-methylmercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine in Plasma: Application to the Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Novel Dosage forms in Beagle Dogs
Authors: Han Jiaqi , Mei Shenghui , Xu Jiamin , Zhang Dongjie , Jin Siyao , Zhao Zhigang , Zhao Libo
Published: August 2020

Background:

6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) is widely used to treat pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL). Mini-tablets of 5 mg per tablet were developed for precision individual therapy for children and individuals
with poor thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) or nucleoside diphophate-linked moiety X-type motif 15
(NUDT15) metabolism. This study investigated the pharmacokinetic profiles of mini-tablets and conventional
tablets with an improved ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)
method.

Methods:

After giving 8 healthy beagle dogs 50 mg 6-MP in different dosage forms, plasma samples collected at
different time points were analyzed for pharmacokinetic evaluation. The samples were precipitated by methanol
with 0.05% formic acid and separated on a Waters Atlantis T3 column (2.1 × 150 mm, 3 μm particles) using 0.1%
formic acid in water and methanol at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min in 4 min.

Results:

This method showed good linearity, accuracy, precision and stability with a detection range of 5.0-500.0
ng/mL for 6-MP, 6-methylmercaptopurine (6-MMP) and 6-thioguanine (6-TG). The main parameters, half-life of
apparent terminal disposition, maximum observed plasma concentration, total AUC extrapolated to infinity, AUC
since initiation of the experiment, mean residence time, distribution volume and clearance were 1.62 ± 0.87 hours,
90.58 ± 60.43 ng/mL, 151.20 ± 94.18 ng·h/mL, 292.06 ± 184.02 ng·h2/mL, 1.90 ± 0.92 hours, 864.08 ± 538.52 L,
and 432.75 ± 360.64 L/h for conventional tablets and 1.70 ± 1.10 hours, 84.15 ± 39.50 ng/mL, 147.70 ± 51.80
ng·h/mL, 300.92 ± 124.48 ng·h2/mL, 2.07 ± 0.50 hours, 756.90 ± 324.00 L, and 340.75 ± 125.81 L/h for minitablets,
respectively. Paired t-tests showed no significant difference in any of the evaluated pharmacokinetic parameters
between the two types tablets (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Two dosage forms showed the same pharmacokinetic characteristics. This developing, novel formulation
will help to provide a more accurate and optimal dosing regimen of 6-MP for humans in the future.
Targeting Six Hallmarks of Cancer in Ovarian Cancer Therapy
Authors: Gong Han , Nie Dan , Li Zhengyu
Published: August 2020

Normal cells must overcome multiple protective mechanisms to develop into cancer
cells. Their new capabilities include self-sufficiency in growth signals and insensitivity to antigrowth
signals, evasion of apoptosis, a limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and
tissue invasion and metastasis; these are also termed the six hallmarks of cancer. A deep understanding
of the genetic and protein alterations involved in these processes has enabled the development
of targeted therapeutic strategies and clinical trial design in the search for ovarian cancer treatments.
Clinically, significantly longer progression-free survival has been observed in the single use
of PARP, MEK, VEGF and Chk1/Chk2 inhibitors. However, the clinical efficacy of the targeted
agents is still restricted to specific molecular subtypes and no trials illustrate a benefit in overall survival.
Exploring novel drug targets or combining current feasible biological agents hold great
promise to further improve outcomes in ovarian cancer. In this review, we intend to provide a comprehensive
description of the molecular alterations involved in ovarian cancer carcinogenesis and
of emerging biological agents and combined strategies that target aberrant pathways, which might
shed light on future ovarian cancer treatment.
In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation of Capparis spinosa Extract to Inactivate Protoscoleces During Hydatid Cyst Surgery
Authors: Mahmoudvand Hossein , Khalaf Amal Khudair , Beyranvand Mania
Published: August 2020

Background:

Hydatidosis is one of the most dangerous zoonosis diseases in the world
caused by the larval stage of the broad-worm or Echinococcus granulosus parasite. Today, cysts’
rupture or content leakage during surgery and involvement of organs adjacent to the organ involved,
and consequently secondary cysts, are the major concern for hydatid cyst surgeons. Therefore,
using scolicidal substances such as hypertonic saline 20%, silver nitrate and formalin has
been considered to reduce the risk of protoscoleces spread and recurrence of disease in recent
years. The current work was designed to assess the antiparasitic effects of Capparis spinose L. extract
against hydatid cyst protoscoleces.

Methods:

Collected protoscoleces from liver fertile hydatid cysts of infected sheep were exposed
to the different concentrations of the essential oil (150, 300, 600 mg/mL) for 5-60 min in vitro and
ex vivo. Then by using the eosin exclusion assay, the viability of protoscoleces was studied. The primary
phytochemical analysis of the C. spinosa extract was done to assess the presence of tannins,
alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids and glycosides.

Results:

C. spinosa extract exhibited a powerful protoscolicidal activity in vitro so at the dose of
300 and 600 mg/ml, it entirely eliminated the parasite after 10 and 5 minutes; whereas at lower doses,
it demonstrated weak protoscolicidal activity. In ex vivo assay, no similar effect to in vitro assay
was observed, so more time was required to show a potent protoscolicidal activity. C. spinosa extract,
at the concentrations of 300 and 600 mg/mL after an exposure time of 20 and 12 min, killed
100% of protoscoleces within the hydatid cyst, respectively. The findings of primary phytochemical
screening of the C. spinosa extract demonstrated the existence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids,
glycosides and alkaloids in this plant.

Conclusion:

The obtained results in vitro and ex vivo exhibited potent protoscolicidal effects of C.
spinosa extract particularly at the concentrations of 600 and 300 mg/ml, which entirely eliminated
the parasite after 5-20 min exposure. However, more supplementary works are required to verify these
findings through assessing in animal models and clinical subjects.
Novel Coumarin Containing Dithiocarbamate Derivatives as Potent α-Glucosidase Inhibitors for Management of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mollazadeh Marjan , Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani Maryam , Valizadeh Yousef , Zonouzi Afsaneh , Faramarzi Mohammad A. , Kiani Mitra , Biglar Mahmood , Larijani Bagher , Hamedifar Haleh , Mahdavi Mohammad , Hajimiri Mir Hamed
Published: August 2020

Background:

α-Glucosidase is a hydrolyzing enzyme that plays a crucial role in the degradation
of carbohydrates and starch to glucose. Hence, α-glucosidase is an important target in carbohydrate
mediated diseases such as diabetes mellitus.

Objective:

In this study, novel coumarin containing dithiocarbamate derivatives 4a-n were synthesized
and evaluated against α-glucosidase in vitro and in silico.

Methods:

These compounds were obtained from the reaction between 4-(bromomethyl)-7-
methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one 1, carbon disulfide 2, and primary or secondary amines 3a-n in the
presence of potassium hydroxide and ethanol at room temperature. In vitro α-glucosidase inhibition
and kinetic study of these compounds were performed. Furthermore, a docking study of the most
potent compounds was also performed by Auto Dock Tools (version 1.5.6).

Results:

Obtained results showed that all the synthesized compounds exhibited prominent inhibitory
activities (IC50 = 85.0 ± 4.0-566.6 ± 8.6 μM) in comparison to acarbose as a standard inhibitor
(IC50 = 750.0 ± 9.0 μM). Among them, the secondary amine derivative 4d with pendant indole
group was the most potent inhibitor. Enzyme kinetic study of the compound 4d revealed that this
compound competes with a substrate to connect to the active site of α-glucosidase and therefore is
a competitive inhibitor. Moreover, a molecular docking study predicted that this compound interacted
with the α-glucosidase active site pocket.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that the coumarin-dithiocarbamate scaffold can be a promising lead
structure for designing potent α-glucosidase inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Phytophenolics Composition of the Methanol Extract of Ocimum basilieum L. leaves and its Role in Mitigating Hypercholesterolemia in a Rat Model
Authors: El-Hagrassi Ali M. , Aboul Naser Asmaa F. , Osman Abeer F. , Hamed Manal A.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Hypercholesterolemia is considered as one of the major risk factors for
atherosclerosis. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Ocimum basilieum L. against hypercholesterolemia
in rats.

Methods:

Isolation and identification of flavonoid compounds from the methanolic extract of Ocimum
basilicum L. leaves were performed by UV, 1H, 13C-NMR and1D/2D NMR, HMBC and
HMQC techniques. The biochemical evaluation was performed through measuring Total Cholesterol
(TC), High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol
(LDL-C), Triglycerides (TG), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Total Antioxidant Capacity
(TAC), aspartate and Alanine Aminotransferases (AST & ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase
(ALP), urea, creatinine and albumin levels as well as DNA fragmentation pattern of kidneys. The
histopathological features of liver and kidney were also examined.

Results:

The phytochemical study revealed the presence of seven flavonoid compounds (apigenin-
8-C-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-O –glucopyranoside (1), apigenin 6, 8-di-C-β-glucopyranoside
(vicenin 2) (2), apigenin 7-O-(6”-O-trans-p-coumaryl)-β–glucopyranoside (3), apigenin 7-O-
β-glucopyranoside (4), apigenin 8-C-β-glucopyranoside (vitexin) (5), apigenin -6-C-β-glucopyranoside
(isovitexin) (6), apigenin (7)) and one phenolic compound; rosmarinic acid (8). Treatment
with leaves extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight for nine weeks simultaneously with oral
cholesterol administration (30 mg/0.3 ml 0.7% tween/ animal) to rats fed with high fat diet restored
all the biochemical parameters and the architectures of liver and kidney.

Conclusion:

Methanolic extract of Ocimum basilieum L. leaves succeeded to act as a hypolipidemic,
antioxidant and hepato-renal therapeutic agent due to its rich biologically active phenolic and
flavonoids compounds.
Adsorption and Photocatalytic Activity of Nano-magnetic Materials Fe3O4@C@TiO2-AgBr-Ag for Rhodamine B
Authors: Zheng Xin , Zhang Xinyue , Hu Qili , Sun Hongbin , Wang Linshan , Li Xiaowu
Published: August 2020

Background:

TiO2 nanoparticles possess adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity,
and are thus fitted for removal of dyes from water. However, TiO2 nanoparticles are difficult to separate
from the bulk solution due to high loss. Moreover, TiO2 can only use light with a wavelength of
less than 387.5 nm, so the utilization efficiency of solar energy is very low. The present work prepared
Fe3O4@C@TiO2-AgBr-Ag composites to overcome the shortcomings of TiO2.

Objective:

Adsorptive and photocatalytic performance of nano-magnetic materials Fe3O4@C@TiO2-
AgBr-Ag.

Methods:

Fe3O4@C@TiO2 and Fe3O4@C@TiO2-AgBr-Ag magnetic nanocomposites were prepared
by the sol-gel method. Their structure was characterized. Performances of Fe3O4@C@TiO2 and
Fe3O4@C@TiO2-AgBr-Ag for removing Rh B were thoroughly investigated and compared. Langmuir–
Hinshelwood kinetic model was applied to analyze the heterogeneous processes of adsorption
and photodegradation.

Results:

Removal experiments were carried out with Rhodamine B as the subject. The effects of
contacting time, pH, subject concentration, and doses of photocatalyst on the removal performance
were studied. The removal of Rh B by Fe3O4@C@TiO2 and Fe3O4@C@TiO2-AgBr-Ag involved
both adsorption and photodegradation, and the photocatalytic activity of Fe3O4@C@TiO2-AgBr-Ag
was much higher than that of Fe3O4@C@TiO2. The optimum removal conditions were determined.
Under the optimal conditions, the removal rate of Rhodamine B with Fe3O4@C@TiO2 was 77.8%,
and the removal rate of Rhodamine B with Fe3O4@C@TiO2- AgBr-Ag was 87.3%.

Conclusion:

The coupling of the nanostructured metal Ag to the outer surface of TiO2 could effectively
increase photocatalytic efficiency under visible light. The photocatalysts could be separated
from bulk solutions by using a magnet and be easily recycled. The removal reaction kinetics fitted
with the first-order model.