bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of supportive supervision of nurses on access to healthcare in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
Authors: Serapelwane Maserapelo Gladys , Bam Nokwanda Edith , Kovane Gaotswake Patience
Published: October 2023

Supportive supervision of nurses including access to healthcare is a global health concern predominantly in the Sub- Saharan countries. For improvement of access to healthcare, the nurses should receive supportive supervision in their working environment. Hence the current study aimed at systematically reviewing literature regarding the impact of supportive supervision of nurses on access to healthcare.
Methods: We searched for articles that were written in English from 2013 to 2023. Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, SA ePublication, Ebscohost, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were data bases used for searching of articles. The instrument used to report the identified studies was the PRISMA checklist. Eleven questions appearing on the critical appraisal checklist for Joanna Briggs Institute was applied for quality assessment of studies that were meeting the criteria for review.
Results: A total of 274 articles were retrieved and data was extracted from 10 articles that passed legibility criteria. Factors related to the positive impact of supportive supervision of nurses on access to health care emerged. factors related to the negative impact of supportive supervision of nurses on access to health care is also discovered.
Conclusions: Improved work performance is evident on nurses receiving supportive supervision thus leading to improved access to healthcare. Poor access to healthcare services resulted because of unsupportive supervision and dictatorial leadership style.
Hybrid Approach for MRI Segmentation using Deep Learning and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Mandala Suresh Kumar , Gurrapu Neelima
Published: October 2023

Accurate MRI segmentation is a crucial part of modern medical diagnostics and is essential for early disease diagnosis and effective treatment planning. Vision Transformers (ViT), Kernel-Based Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and Multi-Class Support Vector Machines (M-SVM) are all presented in this study as part of a novel hybrid approach to MRI segmentation that improves accuracy and efficiency.Our method employs ViT, which rapidly extracts high-level features from MRI patches, in combination with kernel-based convolutional neural networks, which are well-known for their ability to capture intricate patterns in image data. The M-SVM then refines the classification process, separating the pixels into distinct classes that are suggestive of different tissue types, and the segmentation phase begins without any problems. In addition to increasing the accuracy of MRI segmentation, initial findings suggest that this novel method might set an innovative standard for the analysis of medical images. This research has the potential to be an important development in medical imaging, which would significantly advance the current state of the art in healthcare technology by improving the accuracy with which diagnoses are made and the effectiveness of treatment plans.
Friction taper stitch welding of a duplex stainless steel
Authors: Ram Rapaka , Lessa Cleber Rodrigo de Lima , Lemos Guilherme Vieira Braga , Figueiredo Arlan Pacheco , Vicharapu Buchibabu , Clarke Thomas , De Amitava
Published: October 2023

Friction taper stitch welding (FTSW) is a novel technique that uses multiple inserts to conceal surface crack in a given substrate. The inserts are rotated and forced to fill the crack as plasticized material, and forge with the substrate in solid-state. The process is well suited for alloys such as duplex stainless steel, which suffers degradation of properties during fusion welding. A detailed experimental and theoretical investigation is presented here on FTSW of a duplex stainless steel (DSS). The experimental results show the presence of a ferrite-rich phase along the joint interface. The computed results from the numerical process model reveal a direct influence of thermal cycle on the ferritization along the joint interface. The welded joint area shows near homogeneous structure and properties similar to those of the substrate.
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Approch to Triopoly Games
Authors: Thasneem S. A.Sahathana , Sasikala G.
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes a technique for solving triopoly game with Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers as payoffs. The players in the game interacts strategically without cooperating with one another. The suggested method is applied in a numerical example of internet service providers, which is helpful for the suppliers to make decisions on their costs effectively.
A Polynomial Series-based data aggregation and spectrum aware clustering technique for a combined model of WSN and cognitive radios in IoT applications
Authors: Kalburgi Shivaraj Sharanabasappa , Manimozhi M.
Published: October 2023

Currently, the demand for wireless communication has increased drastically due to the emergence of IoT based applications. In this field, wireless sensor networks have acquired huge attention from the research community, academia, and industries. Generally, these sensor networks and IoTs operate in the license-free spectrum where numerous other devices also operate which leads to generating interference and impacts the Quality of Service (QoS) of these communication systems. To handle this issue, cognitive radio communication technology is a viable solution which facilitates opportunistic access to the spectrum which allows sensor networks to operate in licensed bands. This approach helps to mitigate the interference and improves the performance of the communication system. However, incorporating cognitive radio network with IoT and sensor networks is an encouraging method to proliferate the performance of wireless communication but CRs perform several tasks which consume excessive energy as the sensor networks are equipped with limited power and computation resources. Moreover, continuous data collection leads to gather huge amount of data which suffers from redundancy. Thus, the research community has suggested incorporating the aggregation method to discard the data redundancy. On the other hand, energy aware routing is also considered as novel solution to abate energy depletion during data exchange. In this work, we have focused on a combined model of WSN and cognitive radios for IoT based applications and presented a polynomial series-based data aggregation and spectrum aware clustering technique. The proposed approach achieves overall packet delivery as 95.47%, energy consumption as 5.216J and delay as 0.554 s, which shows better performance when compared with existing schemes in CRSNs.
Efficacy of concentrated growth factors for tympanic membrane perforation: a study in guinea pigs
Authors: Hanari Takahiro , Okada Masahiro , Nakata Takahiro , Asoh Sawa , Nishihara Eriko , Teraoka Masato , Hato Naohito
Published: October 2023

Concentrated growth factors (CGF) are complexes comprising a fibrin matrix that incorporates growth factors, plasma, and leukocyte cytokines. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of CGF as a tympanic membrane regeneration therapy in a guinea pig eardrum perforation model. Large tympanic membrane perforations (TMPs) were created in 34 ears of 17 guinea pigs. The ears were divided into the CGF, saline, and control groups. On day 14, considerable differences in perforation closure were observed among the CGF, saline, and control groups. On day 28, the ratio of closure was not considerable between the CGF and saline groups, whereas it was substantially higher in the CGF group than in the control group. Histological observations using hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that the regenerated tympanic membrane was thicker in the CGF group than in the saline group, and the regeneration of the fibrous layer was remarkable in the CGF group than that in the saline group. The results suggest that CGF induces tympanic membrane regeneration and can be used to treat TMPs conservatively.
Multi-aspect and comprehensive atomic insight: the whole process of thermolysis of HMX/Poly- NIMMO-based plastic bonded explosive
Authors: Guo Guoqi , Chen Fang , Li Tianhao , Dong Ling
Published: October 2023

Based on the reactive molecular dynamics, the whole process of thermolysis of HMX/Poly-NIMMO-based PBX was studied in detail at the micro scale, which provided a novel atomic insight into the thermolysis mechanism of HMX/Poly-NIMMO. Further, it was compared with the HMX single substance system to explore the influence of binder on thermolysis of HMX. According to the findings, the activation energy required by pyrolysis of HMX in the mixed system is much less than that required by the pure HMX system at both phases. From the point of view of reaction energy, Poly-NIMMO promoted the thermolysis of HMX. Especially, the mechanism analysis confirmed this point. The nitro and hydroxyl groups detached from Poly-NIMMO will react with HMX, and the generated HNO2 will further accelerate the decomposition process of nitrogen heterocycles. In addition, the number of the final products H2O and H2 in the two-component system increased greatly, but the number of CO2 and N2 molecules had not changed much, and C clusters were formed in the system. The evolution trend of bond number further verified the above analysis. While the maximum cluster number does drop with increasing temperature at first, after a particular temperature threshold is reached, it remains unchanged. In a nutshell, Poly-NIMMO will hasten HMX's thermolysis and reduce the system's stability when subjected to heat.
mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction induced by sevoflurane in mice
Authors: Yang Nan-Shi-Yu , Zhong Wen-Jing , Sha Han-Xi , Zhang Chen-Yu , Jin Ling , Duan Jia-Xi , Xiong Jian-Bing , You Zhi-Jian , Zhou Yong , Guan Cha-Xiang
Published: October 2023

Background
NLRP3 inflammasome activation is critical for neuroinflammation in microglia during postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) induced by sevoflurane. However, the molecular mechanism by which sevoflurane activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia remains unclear. The cGAS- STING pathway is an evolutionarily conserved inflammatory defense mechanism. The role of the cGAS-STING pathway in sevoflurane-induced NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent neuroinflammation and the underlying mechanisms require further investigation.
Methods
Prolonged anesthesia with sevoflurane was used to induce cognitive dysfunction in mice. The passive avoidance test and Y-maze test were used to assess cognitive function. We then used the cGAS inhibitor RU.521 to investigate whether the cGAS-STING pathway was involved in the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice and neuroinflammation in microglia. To investigate the mechanism of cGAS-STING pathway activation in sevoflurane-treated microglia, we pre-treated microglia with Mdivi-1 (a DRP1 inhibitor), CsA (a mPTP inhibitor) or VBIT-4 (a VDAC inhibitor).
Results
We found that prolonged anesthesia with sevoflurane induced cognitive dysfunction and triggered the neuroinflammation characterized by the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Interestingly, the cGAS-STING pathway was activated in the hippocampus of mice receiving sevoflurane. While the blockade of cGAS with RU.521 attenuated cognitive dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mice. In vitro, we found that sevoflurane treatment significantly activated the cGAS-STING pathway in microglia, while RU.521 pre-treatment robustly inhibited sevoflurane-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mechanistically, sevoflurane-induced mitochondrial fission in microglia and released mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytoplasm, which could be abolished with Mdivi-1. Blocking the mtDNA release via the mPTP-VDAC channel attenuated sevoflurane-induced mtDNA cytosolic escape and reduced cGAS-STING pathway activation in microglia, finally inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Conclusion
In this study, we reported that the cGAS-STING pathway is a novel mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by sevoflurane in microglia during POCD. Therefore, regulating neuroinflammation by targeting the cGAS-STING pathway may provide a novel therapeutic target for POCD.
Rough Statistical Convergence in L-Fuzzy Normed Spaces
Authors: OR Aykut , ÇAKI Ahmet , ÖZCAN Ahmet , Karabacak Gökay
Published: October 2023

The present study introduces the concept of rough convergence and rough statistical convergence of a sequence in L-fuzzy normed spaces. Moreover, it defines the rough statistical limit points and rough statistical cluster points of a sequence in these spaces. It proves some topological properties of a sequences rough statistical limit set in the mentioned spaces. Afterward, it theoretically contributes to these concepts and investigates some of their basic properties. Lastly, the paper inquires about the need for further research.
Graduate Students and the U.S. China Initiative
Authors: Houlette Hilary , Lee Jenny J. , Li Xiaojie
Published: October 2023

The 2018 China Initiative systematically targeted international Chinese scholars as possible spies for China. Previous research demonstrated ways that the China Initiative engaged in racial profiling, resulting in scholars of Chinese descent feeling unwelcomed in U.S. higher education institutions and insecure in their engagement as researchers. Graduate students were not exempt. This study explores the nuanced ways that Chinese graduate students felt discriminated against and racially profiled in comparison to their non-Chinese peers during the height of the U.S. China Initiative. Additionally, this research assesses how those experiences impacted students’ future educational mobility plans. As international Chinese enrollments in the United States are declining, our study seeks to identify the factors that may be contributing to this trend.
Total urinary arsenic concentration from a pediatric patient treated witharsenic trioxide for acute promyelocytic leukemia determined by hydride generation-microwave plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
Authors: Fujihara Junko , Takeshita Haruo , Nishimoto Naoki
Published: October 2023

Although arsenic is well known to be a toxic element, arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an effective pharmaceutical agent for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). In this study, total urinary arsenic concentrations from a pediatric patient with APL treated with ATO during induction therapy were determined by hydride generation-microwave plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (HG-MP-AES). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were calculated to be 0.32 and 1.09 ng/mL, respectively. Accuracy and precision were good. The total urinary arsenic concentrations were equivalent to those reported in previous studies. During consolidation therapy, the total urinary arsenic concentrations increased steadily for the first 11 days, and then increased with fluctuations. Our results show that HG-MP-AES is a low-cost, operationally simple, high-sensitivity method suitable for monitoring total urinary arsenic concentrations following ATO treatment. Our method may contribute to determining the dosage and reducing the adverse effects of ATO.
INVESTIGATING THE COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN POST-EDITING ACTIVITY USING THINKING ALOUD PROTOCOLS
Authors: Matiini Gharizi
Published: September 2023

The study aims to investigate the cognitive processes and meta-cognitive strategies used by the post-editor when doing the post-editing activity. It examines the way the post editor reads, thinks, speculates, and makes decision to the machine translation results and correcting the problems founds from the translated text. Thinking Aloud Protocols (TAPs) is used as the approach of the study to record the meta-cognitive strategies applied by the post editor. Several instruments such as video recording tools, machine-translated text, and timer are operated during the data collection. From the study, it is shown that reasoning and problem solving become the most running strategy from the post-editor. It occurs since the post-editor mostly looks for the problems and tries to find a way of correcting mistakes from the translation. The result also shows that the post-editor tries to comprehend the problems and decides the accurate decision when song the post-editing. The cognitive process and meta-cognitive strategies are quite different between the translator and the post-editor.
UNDERSTANDING POLITICAL ISSUES THROUGH SOCIAL ACTORS REPRESENTATION:
Authors: Sausina Cut Nina , Indarti Dwi
Published: September 2023

Critical Discourse Analysis attempts to investigate social, political, historical and environmental issues by analyzing linguistic aspects and resources. This paper aims to examine the strategies used by journalists of tempo.co and CNN Indonesia in delivering the Governor of NTT’s school policy. Two research questions are formulated: (1) How the social actors are described in the news of Governor NTT’s policy publish in tempo.co and cnnindonesia.com. (2) What strategies used by tempo.co and cnnindonesia.com in describing the social actors of Governor NTT’s policy news.  The results of the study indicate that the social actors are described in the news of Governor NTT’s policy publish in tempo.co and cnnindonesia.com by clearly mentioned the actors who responsible for the entry school policy. This educates the readers about the policy. Even though the actors are clearly mentioned, there is no tendency to marginalize them, especially Governor of NTT. By covering all person in charge, the readers are presented proportional news. Strategies used by tempo.co and cnnindonesia.com in describing the social actors of Governor NTT’s policy news is only inclusion strategy. Meanwhile, exclusion strategy is not detected in both news by tempo.co and CNN Indonesia.
Synthesis of the Ultem series polyetherimides
Authors: Chayka A. A. , Shaglaeva N. S. , Bozhenkov G. V. , Bayandin V. V. , Rudyakova E. V. , Ivanov Yu. N.
Published: October 2023

Polyetherimides (PEIs) are a class of structural polymers with the most successful combination of such essential properties for practical applications as high heat resistance, thermal stability, ultimate tensile strength, elastic modulus, good dielectric properties, and high chemical and radiation resistance. However, along with these advantages, PEIs are compounds with high softening and melting points, which complicates their processing into products. In recent decades, specialists have found numerous ways to decrease the glass transition temperature by increasing the flexibility of the main polymer chain. To this end, functional groups with a higher degree of rotation, such as isopropylidene, hexafluoroisopropylidene, 1,2-dichloroethylene, and other substituents, are introduced into the main polymer chain. Polyetherimide, whose precursors are 3(4)-nitrophthalic anhydride, m-phenylenediamine, and bisphenol A, was first produced by General Electric under the Ultem brand name and is currently believed to be one of the best-known engineering thermoplastics. In particular, two synthetic methods can be used to obtain such polyetherimides. The first technique uses a cyclization of poly(amidocarboxylic acid), which is obtained by the polycondensation of dianhydride of 2,2-bis-[4-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]propane and m-phenylenediamine. The second technique uses the polynitro substitution of 1,3-bis[N-(3-nitrophthalimido)]benzene and the dynatrium salt of bisphenol A. To date, the Russian scientific literature lacks reviews with detailed descriptions of known methods for the preparation of Ultem series polyetherimides. The present review generalizes and systematizes the available literature data regarding the synthesis of the Ultem series PEIs. In addition, this study describes preparation methods of soluble thermoplastic polyetherimides of this series, available synthesis methods of initial monomers with reaction yields, and physical characteristics of such polymers.
Enzymatic activity of extracts from higher fungi for manufacturing fermented dairy products
Authors: Minakov D. V. , Urazova Ya. V. , Bazarnova N. G. , Tikhonov S. L. , Minakova M. V.
Published: October 2023

The present study investigates the enzymatic activity and chemical composition of extracts obtained from the substrate mycelium of higher fungi. The investigated object is the biomass of fungi Piptoporus betulinus (substrate mycelium) gathered after solid-phase cultivation on natural substrate. The extracts were obtained using distilled water (pH=7.0), acetate (pH=4.7) and phosphate (pH=7.4) buffers, and Mcllvaine buffer (pH=4.0). Milk-clotting, proteolytic, cellulosolytic and lipolytic activity, as well as protein content, were determined in both aqueous or buffer extracts. As a result, the values of cellulosolytic (3.75–3.90 units/g), lipolytic (40.00–44.24 units/g) and milk-clotting (65.80–66.60 units/mL) activity of the substrate mycelium was determined. These values differ slightly in the extracts prepared on distilled water and buffers. Moreover, the concentration of protein substances in the native aqueous extract from the substrate mycelium of P. betulinus was 14.50 mg/mL. The values of proteolytic activity varied from 0.22 to 0.78 units/mL. Distilled water was found to be the most effective solvent for achieving high values of milk-clotting activity. Extract purification by microfiltration or with bentonite leads to a significant decrease in protein concentration (up to 5.90 mg/mL), cellulose(up to 1.40 units/g), lipo(up to 5.30 units/g), and proteolytic (up to 0.11 units/mL) activity, and an increase in milk-clotting activity values (up to 285.80 units/mL). The bentonite sorbs cellulosolytic, lipolytic, and non-specific proteolytic enzymes, resulting in a noticeable increase in the value of milk-clotting activity. In the aqueous extract of P. betulinus fungi, a high ratio of milk-clotting to proteolytic activity was found with a value of 2598.20. This may lead to an increased yield and improvement of the organoleptic properties of cheese and its storage period.
Effects of the anionactive surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate on the adhesion of cells of the strain Micrococcus luteus 1-i to the surface of carbon materials
Authors: Saksonov M. N. , Zhdanova G. O. , Stom D. I. , Alferov S. V. , Kupchinsky A. B. , Petrova Yu. Yu. , Sasim S. A. , Tolstoy M. Yu. , Stom A. D. , Chesnokova A. N. , Kukshinov B. V.
Published: October 2023

The adhesion of microorganisms on various surfaces plays a crucial role in many biotechnological processes. A widespread component of wastewater is the anion-active surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Surfactants have a significant influence on all interfacial reactions, including those occurring in microbial fuel-cell technology. The work set out to study the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the sorption of cells of the Micrococcus luteus 1 strain (which has electrogenic activity in microbial fuel cells) on the surface of various carbon-containing electrode materials used in biological fuel cell technology: 1) carbon tissue; 2) carbon felt; 3) crushed graphite contact trolleybus inserts (summer); 4) birch activated carbon. Using spectrophotometry and microscopy methods, the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate in the concentration range of 10–200 mg/l was shown to increase the sorption of Micrococcus luteus 1-i cells on the surfaces of the tested carbon materials under experimental conditions. The maximum increase in sorption during 2 hours of exposure was detected when 100 mg/l of this surfactant was applied: for birch activated carbon – 21%; for carbon fabric – 26%; for carbon felt relative to the control (without surfactant) – 24%. The results demonstrate a sufficiently effective adhesion of Micrococcus luteus 1-i cells to various carbon materials, including in the presence of fairly high concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate, confirming the prospects of this strain for use in various types of microbial fuel cells.
Challenges and Adaptation in Conducting Health Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study Among Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia, Htay Mila Nu Nu , Soe Htoo Htoo Kyaw ,   Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia, San Lin Phyo Phyo ,   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Naing Zay Yar ,   Department of Population Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Lwin Htay ,   Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia, Khobragade Sujata ,   Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia, Moe Soe ,   Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia, Abas Adinegara Lutfi ,   Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia
Published: October 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, regular teaching–learning activities have been replaced with online education strategies. This study aimed to explore undergraduate medical students’ experiences in conducting research projects during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. In the study institution, undergraduate medical students had a rotation at the community medicine posting during their Semesters 6 and 7, and they needed to conduct health research projects. Upon completion of the posting, students were asked to reflect on their project using Gibbs’ reflective cycle. The inclusion criteria were reflective writings of undergraduate medical students in the study institution, who conducted online research projects during the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary qualitative data from the reflections of 40 students were included until the data were saturated and analysed with thematic analysis. The R-based Qualitative Data Analysis (RQDA) software was used for data analysis. Seven salient themes emerged from the qualitative reflections: (a) sudden changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic, (b) challenges, (c) feelings of students, (d) support, (e) adaptation to the online learning process, (f) perceived benefits of online research projects, and (g) self-reflection and way forward. Although there were various challenges, the students were able to overcome and develop adaptation to conduct health research projects. The educational sector should provide support to students in terms of technology and clear guidance on the project process and encourage communication and teamwork to overcome challenges. From a positive perspective, the COVID-19 pandemic situation could have a beneficial impact on implementing e-learning and conducting online surveys and research projects.
EPiC-GAN: Equivariant point cloud generation for particle jets
Authors: Buhmann Erik , Kasieczka Gregor , Thaler Jesse
Published: October 2023

With the vast data-collecting capabilities of current and future high-energy collider experiments, there is an increasing demand for computationally efficient simulations. Generative machine learning models enable fast event generation, yet so far these approaches are largely constrained to fixed data structures and rigid detector geometries. In this paper, we introduce EPiC-GAN - equivariant point cloud generative adversarial network - which can produce point clouds of variable multiplicity. This flexible framework is based on deep sets and is well suited for simulating sprays of particles called jets. The generator and discriminator utilize multiple EPiC layers with an interpretable global latent vector. Crucially, the EPiC layers do not rely on pairwise information sharing between particles, which leads to a significant speed-up over graph- and transformer-based approaches with more complex relation diagrams. We demonstrate that EPiC-GAN scales well to large particle multiplicities and achieves high generation fidelity on benchmark jet generation tasks.
Hyparrhenia variabilis a potential invasive exotic weed at Mexico
Authors: Sánchez Susana Elizabeth Ramírez- , Ken Jorge Gabriel Sánchez- , Vazquez Jose Luis Arispe- , Guzmán Filogonio de Jesús Hernández- , Avilés Leslie Carnero- , Esquer Luis Miguel Tamayo-
Published: October 2023

The genus Hyparrhenia Andersson ex E.Fourn. is native to Africa, but presents in several countries and many parts of the world. Mexico is one of the countries, where Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf (Poaceae) is found. However, it is classified as a highly invasive exotic species; therefore, is on the list of invasive species in Mexico. In recent years, the presence of Hyparrhenia cymbaria (L.) Stapfand and Hyparrhenia variabilis Stapf (Poacear) has been reported, while H. variabilis has been observed in the state at Morelos, Michoacán, and Jalisco. H. variabilis has been particularly identified in the municipality of Tepatitlan, Jalisco, Mexico. It has been observed that it grows densely and displaces native vegetation. Some studies mention that there are biotypes that have the ability to inhibit nitrogen-fixing bacteria, so it is necessary to study its biology and its inhibition capabilities around nitrogen fixation and seek strategies to stop its spread. The objective of this research was to review the information that exists on the species H. variabilis and its control. Apparently, there is a lack of information on this specie. However, there are some studies on other species of the genus such as H. rufa, which classified as highly invasive and some management reports can be used for H. variabilis. Therefore, it is necessary to develop management for the species based on literature available on H. rufa
Phenological aspects and physiological quality of seeds of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.
Authors: Junior João Luciano de Andrade Melo , Melo Luan Danilo Ferreira de Andrade , Souza Mileny dos Santos de , Paes Reinaldo de Alencar , Badji César Auguste , Oliveira Vanuze Costa de , Duarte Adriana Guimarães , Silva Ivanildo Claudino da , Costa Jaqueline Figueredo de Oliveira , Abreu Larisse Araújo de , Silva Keven Willian Sarmento Galdino da
Published: October 2023

Producing forest species in regions with limiting water conditions is still a challenge to be overcome. Thus, it is necessary and urgent to develop research that measure the influence of water stress on the growth, development and propagation capacity of species. Given the above, the objective of this work was to determine the influence of rainfall pulses on reproductive phenophases, production and vigor of seeds of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. Biweekly flowering and fruiting phenophases were recorded in selected plants in the field, and later these observations were correlated with climatic data from the region. Already the evaluation of the physiological potential was carried out through a germination test in five lots of seeds harvested from the trees of the phenophases study. Generally, it was observed that the sabiá (M. caesalpiniifolia) produced seeds between the first half of April and the second half of June, and in the second half of August and the first half of September 2021. The reproductive phenology of the sabiá depends on the extension and frequency of rainfall pulses. The pulse extension was favorable to the physiological potential of the seeds as the germination ranged from 85 to 96%. Therefore, M. caesalpiniifolia has its phenology and productive potential influenced by precipitation pulses.
Crop tillage, soil depth, and their influence on extracellular enzyme activities
Authors: Sousa Valéria Rodrigues de , Zago Leciana de Menezes Sousa , Santos Danielle Gonçalves Teixeira dos , Neto Carlos Melo Silva- , Caramori Samantha Salomão
Published: October 2023

Agricultural practices can alter both physicochemical properties and soil microbial parameters, modifying the dynamics of soil biochemical functioning and, consequently, nutrient cycling. This study evaluated the effect of land use on chemical and biochemical attributes, and relationships between environmental variables. We used a sampling design to collect soil samples at different depths in different agroecosystems. Soil samples from natural ecosystems (native Cerrado) and agroecosystems (cotton and sugarcane cultivation) were collected at 0–0.1 m, 0.1–0.2 m, 0.2–0.5 m, and 0.5–1.0 m from 12 areas in the State of Goiás, Brazil. Twelve chemical properties and two biochemical attributes (enzyme activity and microbial biomass carbon) were evaluated using a generalized linear model of variance and Tukey’s test with three factors: correlation between all soil attributes, multiple regression between soil attributes, and biochemical variables. Soil chemical and biochemical attributes were significantly affected by variable depth (p<0.05). Most of the metabolic activity in the soil occurred at 0 to 0.2 m, independent of land use class. Seasonality also affected enzyme activity in the soil, with higher activity during the rainy season. In contrast, microbial biomass carbon, an attribute generally related to organic matter and carbon mineralization, did not vary significantly with different soil depths and seasons. Thus, enzyme activity is an important indicator of soil fertility variations and is more sensitive than chemical and microbial parameters
Supporting open education practice: Reflective case studies from the University of Edinburgh
Authors: Campbell Lorna , Highton Melissa , McAndrew Ewan
Published: September 2023

This paper outlines the University of Edinburgh’s long-running strategic commitment to supporting sustainable open education practice (OEP) across the institution. It highlights how the University provides underpinning support and digital capability for OEP through central services working with policy makers, partners, students, and academics to support co-creation and active creation and use of open educational resources to develop digital literacy skills, transferable attributes, and learning enhancement. We present a range of case studies and exemplars of authentic OEP evidenced by reflective practice and semi-structured ethnographic interviews, including Wikimedia in the Curriculum initiatives, open textbook production, and co-creation of interdisciplinary STEM engagement resources for schools. The paper includes recommendations and considerations, providing a blueprint that other institutions can adopt to encourage sustainable OEP. Our experience shows that mainstreaming strategic support for OEP is key to ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all.
Is Human Being Computable, or Anthropology of Artificial Intelligence. Methodological Aspect
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Smirnov Sergey A.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the anthropological paradigms of the mainstream approaches to AI development. The article concludes that the principle of computability (quantifiability) first introduced in the early stages of AI development (namely by A.Turing) is still paramount. The article showcases the way this principle is rooted in what Heidegger described as treating humans and the state of being itself as a consumable and ultimately destructible commodity. One tries to quantify the state of being in order to consume it. As a consequence, humanity approaches the creation of a “thinking machine” as an exercise in self-imitation. The article highlights the deficiencies of creating AI via copying human patterns. The article also suggests a viable alternative — a mediatory method, developed by culturally-historical psychology. The latter perceives the thought process not as a brain activity but as a objective act, mediated through sings and speech. This way of thinking leads to a new strategy of AI development — as a smart helping hand for humans. This, however, requires an overhaul in medical, educational, governmental and many other social practices. The author concludes that any AI development is bound to start with a social engineering process, renovating the principles, governing day to day lives. This is why the development of AI is not a purely technological task. Is affects a deeper level of human existence, unfit to be interpreted in numerical terms.
Semiosis of Political Action
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kiyashchenko Larisa P. , Golofast Anastasia V. ,   Academy of Labor and Social Relations
Published: October 2023

Aristotle, calling man “political by nature,” predetermined the actual opportunity to consider politics through the prism of practical action, through specific ways of equitable arrangement of public life. Thrown into a digital existence, where the ambivalent task of realizing one’s vulnerable position arises, exposing oneself to risk, while simultaneously navigating the indefinite space of a dynamically developing community. The modern territory of politics is being mastered by actants with the help of a renewed arsenal of means, taking into account the meaning of design (de + signare), the signs of which acquire multiplication of ideas about complexly organized integrity of its image. Integration ties of semiosis “sew through” the heterotopy of the renewed territory of political action, putting down the chronological framework of events in sign expression (index, symbol, code, number), to compare and supplement possible transformational semiotic shifts and confusions, thus creating a plausible and recognizable semiotic image of the current state of affairs in society. Semiotic representation emphasizes the sign, symbolic nature of political action as a political event, realized by its subject in the process of normogenesis and anchored in the pragmatics of everyday activity. Conditional analytical dismemberment of the process of semiosis (syntactics, semantics, pragmatics) of political action initiates the synchronization of methodological synthesis, which leads to the co-creation of the subject and structure at the level of reflective analysis. This allows us to add the “included third”, traditional for the transdisciplinary methodological approach, into the agent-structure dichotomy, which is classic for the science of politics, serving as a target reason for creating integral image of political action. It should be noted that the “included third” as the target cause does not guarantee the unambiguity of the outcome of the formation of the specified action, but only adjusts the optics of tracking its possible configurations, taking into account both contextual and environmental conditionality.
On the Typology of Social Amnesia
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Potseluev Sergey P.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to clarify the concept of social amnesia, which often does not differ in modern research works from other manifestations of social forgetfulness. The author offers a general typology of this phenomenon, based on the conceptual distinctions introduced by T.Parsons and D.Easton. These refer to the difference between a social system and an actor, on the one hand, and the difference between a social group and grouping, on the other. Accordingly, the author identifies three types of social amnesia: systemic, structural, and actor one. The article draws attention to the difficulties of conceptualizing actor and structural amnesia, since they are often mixed with organized (prescribed) oblivion or the pragmatics of forgetting, complementing the process of memorization. To clarify these points, the author turns to the experience of studying the amnesic effects generated by the totalitarian organization of oblivion. To this end, the article analyzes the understanding of totalitarian amnesia in the artistic images of George Orwell, as well as in the concepts of Hannah Arendt that are consonant with them. The author emphasizes that the totalitarian “neuro-linguistic politics of memory” gives rise to amnesic effects regarding the past primarily in its living witnesses, and not only in future generations. Further, the author clarifies the concept of structural amnesia, which has received a contradictory interpretation in modern social sciences and humanities. In this regard, the article discusses the significant role of structural amnesia in the destruction but also in the formation of social identities. Based on the cases presented in the scientific studies to this topic, the author raises the question of the specifics of structural amnesia as an effect of social modernization and high mobility in the formation of national identities at micro- and macro-level.
Association of Serum Adropin Levels with Nutritional Status and Lipid Profile in Patients with Kidney Failure with Replacement Therapy
Authors: Yurtdaş Depboylu Gamze , Acar Tek Nilüfer , Deniz Güneş Burcu , Mengi Çelik Özge , Özata Uyar Gizem , Bayazıt Ayşe Derya , Yaşar Emre , Erten Yasemin
Published: September 2023

Objective. This study aimed to determine serum adropin levels and to examine the relationship of serum adropin levels with nutritional status and lipid profile in patients with kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT).

Methods. The study consisted of 88 subjects, including 30 patients treated with hemodialysis (HD), 29 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), and 29 patients who had undergone kidney transplantation (TX). The study included assessing anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength, bioelectrical impedance analysis, malnutrition-inflammation score, dietary intake, resting energy expenditure, and biochemical parameters. The patients’ food consumption was recorded for three days. The malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS) was calculated to assess the patients’ nutritional status. Blood samples were collected for serum adropin and other biochemical parameters.

Results. Adropin levels were significantly higher in the TX group when compared to the HD group. Patients with low adropin levels had higher MIS, serum ferritin, and lower low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (total-C) levels. Serum adropin levels were negatively correlated with the MIS and positively correlated with total-C, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the MIS (β=-0.25 p=0.038) and LDL-C level (β=0.29, p=0.007) were associated with serum adropin.

Conclusions. Adropin may be considered as a new marker of nutritional status and possibly plays a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms and complications of patients with KFRT.
Pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis proyek terhadap peningkatan kemampuan HOTS di sekolah dasar
Authors: Dewi Ririn Andriani Kumala , A'eni Eni Qurotul , Tanu Wijaya Tommy
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis proyek terhadap peningkatan kemampuan higher order thinking skill (HOTS) pada mata pelajaran IPA di kelas IV Sekolah Dasar, di UPTD SDN Sukadadi, Arahan, Indramayu. Metode yang digunakan adalah  metode penelitian eksperimen murni, bentuk design adalah Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Teknik pengumpulan data tes adalah lembar soal pilihan ganda, lembar soal uraian, dan lembar angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah perhitungan uji-t dan uji gain ternormalisasi dengan menggunakan SPSS V.25. Hasil penelitian ini dengan menggunakan uji-t menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh higher order thinking skill (HOTS) siswa antara kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen, adapun nilai sig. 2 (tailed)  pada uji-t yaitu 0,027 berdasarkan kriteria pengambilan keputusan 0,027 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji gain ternormalisasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan higher order thinking skill (HOTS) siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek pada kelas eksperimen yaitu dengan nilai sebesar 0,554 pada kelas eksperimen dan 0,256 pada kelas kontrol.
Pregnant Iraqi women's exposure to certain efflux pump genes
of highly pathogenic uropathogenic Escherichia coli was
studied molecularly.
Authors: Nema Salomi Zena , H. Abood Zainab
Published: October 2023

One hundred midstream urine samples were collected from pregnant women aged
less than 20 to over 36 years suffering symptoms referred to as urinary tract infections (UTIs) from a private laboratory in Baghdad city. 90 of the urine samples
gave a positive culture, and 10 gave a hostile culture. According to microscopic
examination, cultural characteristics and biochemical tests, Escherichia coli was
identified as the most causative agent 53(58.9%) that causing UTIs among all
bacterial isolates, which confirmed the diagnosis by Vital Index of Traditional
Environmental Knowledge (VITEK 2) systems and at final genetically by diagnostic gene( UidA ) gene. Genetic study including extraction of chromosomal
DNA from 25 E.coli isolates which have multidrug resistance (MDR) against
different antibiotics classes, then identification by UidA gene and detection of
acrA,acrB genes that encoding for efflux pump proteins to all 25 E.coli isolates by
conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification technique with specific primer for each gene. The results showed the UidA gene identification found
in all E.coli isolates, and the result of detection efflux pump genes showed that
acrA and acrB genes were present together in all E.coli isolates. The results of
DNA sequence analysis of E3 bacterial isolate showed that the diagnostic genes
UidA and, acrA, acrB gene were 99% belonging to E. coli as found in the National
Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
Keywords: Pregnant women, Urinary tract infection, E. coli,
The impact on various growth parameters of Japanese quail of substituting some local grass pea seeds for soybean meal.
Authors: Munshid Kinanah Doaa Talib , Jodi Shahid Muhammad
Published: October 2023

This experiment was conducted in the poultry field of the research station at the
College of Agriculture and the Marshes of Thi-Qar University from 1/11/2021 to
1/4/2022 to determine the effect of replacement different levels of grass pea seeds
instead of soybean meal in the diet, and their effect on the growth parameters of
Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix). 216 Japanese quail birds 45 days old were
used, distributed randomly to four experimental treatments and three replicates (18
birds/replicate). The treatments were as follows: T1: control transaction; T2: The
birds were fed a diet containing 20% soybean meal with 10% local grass pea seeds;
T3: The birds were fed a diet containing 10% soybean with 20% local grass pea
seeds; T4: The birds were fed a diet containing 30% local grass pea seeds. The
results of the study indicated that feeding quails on diets containing 20% local
grass pea seeds did not differ significantly from the control treatment in some
growth parameters (body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion
factor) for Japanese quail. Increasing the concentration of succulent plants to 30%
in the ration led to a significant deterioration in the growth characteristics.
Keywords: local grass pea, soybean meal, growth parameters, Japanese quail.
Thermo-regulation Of Fuel In Diesel Engines Using Mathematical
Models Yamz-238
Authors: A. H AL – MAIDI , KH. DARAJ ASAAD , Y. S. VDOVINA
Published: October 2023

The technological scheme of the machine diesel engines used in the agriculture
parts recovery process is provided by electric welding using the middle layer of the
article. Experimental studies of the properties of coatings obtained after conducting electrode welding using an intermediate layer were described. The results of
the studies are presented and analyzed. Technical and economic evaluation of the
application of electric welding on the example of crankshafts of diesel engines
used in agriculture. As a result, the main results of the studies are given.
Keywords: Recovery methods, mounting methods, electrolysis, middle layer,
metallic powder, welding tape.