bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE LEGATUM PROSPERITY INDEX: THE CASE OF OECD COUNTRIES
Authors: Kabakçı Günay Eylül , Sülün Dilara
Published: October 2021

Social capital is one of the variables that influences overcoming problems related to welfare and development. Studies show that social capital level is generally in a linear relationship with the development level of countries. The purpose of study is to examine the relationship between the welfare levels of OECD countries and their social capital levels within the framework of the Legatum Prosperity Index. For this, the effect of social capital, which is one of the 12 components of the Legatum Prosperity index, on the welfare level of OECD countries was examined. the country rankings in which social capital is equally weighted with other index variables and the country rankings where social capital is excluded from the index are compared. The results obtained show that social capital is improving for the rankings of the welfare levels of Norway, Denmark, Iceland, New Zealand, Canada, Australia, USA, Slovenia, Portugal, Israel, Slovakia; has deteriorating effect for Switzerland, United Kingdom, Luxembourg, France, Belgium, Hungary, Czech Republic, Greece, Mexico, Latvia, Japan, Lithuania, South Korea and Turkey. Social capital variable alone did not make a difference in the welfare level rankings of Finland, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Ireland, Germany, Spain, Estonia, Italy, Chile, Colombia and Poland.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Konsumen atas Pencantuman Klausula Eksoner dalam Bisnis Pinjam-Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi di Indonesia
Authors: Rahmawati Intan Ayu Yulia , Yuliati Yuliati , Santoso Budi
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal basis for consumer protection and forms of consumer protection for the inclusion of exoneration clauses in financial technology peer to peer lending. This paper uses normative juridical methods for reviewing and analyzing the application of rules, regulations, and positive legal norms contained in the legislation. The analysis technique uses analytical prescriptive. The results of the study show that there are currently three regulations relating to consumer protection of Financial Technology Peer to Peer Lending in Indonesia, i.e. the Consumer Protection Act, Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 77/ POJK.01/2016 concerning Financial Technology Peer to Peer Lending, and the Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. The form of consumer protection for consumers over financial technology peer to peer lending with addition of clause exoneration is to impose sanctions on the organizer in the form of warning letters, fines, restrictions on business activities, and revocation of licenses granted by the Financial Services Authority. If through giving sanctions the consumer still feels disadvantaged, the consumer can resolve the problem through the District Court or outside the court by the Consumer Dispute Resolution Board.
Kepastian Hukum Kredit Online
Authors: Pradini Devy Iziana , Hariyadi Izzi Zya , Khoir Shohibul
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to discuss the validity of a contract in online credit and the provision of collateral for online credit as an embodiment of the 5C principle in banking. The method of study uses a normative juridical approach to the legislation and conceptual approach. Online credit contracts are legally valid because they meet the legal requirements of a contract, only the legal certainty is low because the parties do not know firsthand the good intentions of the parties. The provision of collateral in online credit is not against the law, it’s just that the precautionary principle that the bank should apply in providing credit is not fulfilled. The creditor does not have a guarantee for the debtor’s debt repayment if at any time the debtor is unable to repay the loan or break the promise.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pemegang Hak Atas Tanah yang Dirugikan dalam Program Konsolidasi Tanah
Authors: Mosa Ansella Rambu , Susilo Hariyanto
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to describe the procedures for implementing land consolidation programs and analyzing legal protections for land rights holders who were harmed in land consolidation programs. The approach used in the research was sociological juridical, with a type of empirical juridical research. Data sources came from data obtained directly from the public or commonly referred to as primary data and other data obtained from library materials or commonly referred to as secondary data. The procedure of implementation of the land consolidation program was carried out through several stages, namely the selection of location and area of the location, socialization, the creation of agreement letters and declarations of the release of land rights, inventory, and the issuance and delivery of certificates. Legal protection for land rights holders who were harmed in the land consolidation program was guided by Article 18 of the Constitution, which stated that landowners were entitled to appropriate compensation if in the implementation of the land consolidation program found burdensome things even cause losses.
Penerapan Аsаs-Аsаs Umum Pemerintаhаn yаng Bаik dаlаm Penyelesаiаn Sengketа Tanah Hak Milik
Authors: Ernanda Dita , Istislam Istislam , Yuliati Yuliati
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to describe the procedure for resolving land disputes, the application of the General Principles of Good Government (AUPB) in land dispute resolution, and the supporting and inhibiting factors for the application of AUPB in resolving land disputes. This study used a sociological juridical approach, with the type of empirical juridical research. The procedure for resolving land disputes was through two types of applications, namely letters of public complaints and implementation of court decisions. The application of AUPB in land dispute resolution started from the application, data collection and analysis, field assessment and inspection, case exposure, case settlement reports, settlement, and implementation of settlement decisions. Supporting factors for the implementation of AUPB were the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2016, Section for Handling Land Problems and Control, as well as facilities and infrastructure for mediation, case titles, and transportation. The obstacle of the AUPB implementation included the inkracht decision to issue replacement certificates that had not been explicitly regulated, resulting in land registration services being blocked by the system and uncooperative parties.
PENGEMBANGAN ASPEK PARIWISATA SUMBEREJO MELALUI PEMBUATAN DAN PELATIHAN VIDEO PROFIL
Authors: Meiji Nanda Harda Pratama , Fahmi Ridwan Tajul , Purwasih Joan Hesti Gita , Widianto Ahmad Arif
Published: October 2021

Pengabdian ini dilakukan di Desa Sumberejo yang terletak di ujung selatan Jember. Dua pantai indah berpasir hitam yang diapit 3 bukit menjadi daya Tarik utama Desa Sumberejo. Memiliki daerah persawahan yang luas dan hasil laut yang besar menjadi penambah potensi desa tersebut. Namun potensi yang ada belum dirasakan secara maksimal oleh masyarakat Desa Sumberejo. Tidak tereskposnya keindahan pantai dan bukit membuat pengunjung yang datang hanya dari kawasan Jember sendiri. Diperlukan penyelesaian masalah berupa pemanfaatan media promosi dan branding desa. Pengabdian masyarakat ini berfokus pada pengembangan potensi yang dimiliki Desa Sumberejo melalui video profil desa dan pelatihan masyarakat pada pembuatan video profil desa. Media video dipilih karena mudah dipublikasikan di berbagai macam platform dan mudah menarik minat masyakat. Media video saat ini tengah mengalami tren yang besar di masyarakat, oleh sebab itu video dipilih menjadi media yang tepat untuk mengenalkan potensi yang dimiliki Desa Sumberejo pada khalayak umum. Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam setiap prosesnya sangat diperhatikan dan dimaksimalkan agar masyarakat tidak teraleniasi dengan perkembangan teknologi media yang hendak digunakan. Tidak hanya membuat, dalam pengabdian ini pemuda desa juga diberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam pembuatan video. Hal ini dilakukan agar kedepannya mereka mampu membuat video yang menarik untuk mengembangkan potensi desanya.
GREBEG PANCASILA: PERINGATAN LAHIRNYA PANCASILA DAN MAKNA NILAI FILOSOFISNYA
Authors: Novitasari Febriana , Suhadak Ahmad , Anggraini Ayu , Wiradimadja Agung
Published: October 2021

Kota Blitar memiliki rekam jejak tradisi budaya yang beranekaragam. Grebeg Pancasila merupakan sebuah tradisi budaya Kota Blitar untuk memperingati hari lahirnya Pancasila. Tradisi ini hadir atas gagasan dari para seniman serta para budayawan di Kota Blitar, yang khawatir dikarenakan setiap tanggal 1 Juni tidak diperingati sebagai hari lahir Pancasila. Tradisi Grebeg Pancasila memiliki nilai filosofis yang sangat penting untuk dikaji. Nilai filosofis yang terkandung dalam tradisi ini perlu untuk dipahami dan diamalkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengkaji tradisi Grebeg Pancasila di Kota Blitar dengan metode studi literatur yang disajikan secara kualitatif. Dengan melakukan pengkajian tradisi Grebeg Pancasila secara mendalam akan dapat menemukan makna tersitat yang terkandung dalam prosesi Grebeg Pancasila. Dengan mengetahui filosofi yang dimiliki tradhisi Grebeg Pancasila mampu memberikan wadah literasi kebangsaan kepada masyarakat Indonesia.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI “PONTIANAK HERITAGE” BERBASIS ANDROID SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH
Authors: Firmansyah Haris , Bibi Sarah
Published: October 2021

The purpose of developing the Pontianak Heritage application as an Android-based historical learning media that is able to display the location of cultural heritage, descriptions, and images and Knowing how the quality of applications developed is based on ISO / IEC 25010 software quality testing standards. R&D). Research and development is a process or steps to develop a new product or improve existing products and can be accounted for. The results of this research that this research produces Pontianak Heritage application called Historoid as a history learning media for high school students who are able to display the location of cultural heritage in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, descriptions and images developed on the Android platform using Google Maps technology. The tool used in the application development process is Android Studio and the results of the Historoid application quality analysis results in functional suitability test results are very feasible because all application functions are running 100%.
Students’ Science Process Skill in Volcanoes Eruption Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation
Authors: Tyas Rizki Arumning , Pujianto Pujianto , Suyanta Suyanta
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to determine the achievement of the mastery of science process skills of students who are trained in integrated learning disaster risk reduction efforts. This research is an experimental research design with one sample control group design. The sample in this study were 60 students of 7th grade student in SMP N 2 Cangkringan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. SMP N 2 Cangkringan is located near Merapi Mountain areas. Science process skills data were obtained using a process skills observation sheet that was filled in by the observer. Data analysis was performed descriptively. The results shows that the scientific process skills profile of students who were trained together with the training of volcanic eruption disaster mitigation increased at each meeting. The most significant improvement was observing, followed by predicting skills, communicating skills, and drawing conclusions
Cooperative Learning Strategies in Citizenship Education Subject in Elementary Schools During the Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Finanti Elinna Dyah , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: October 2021

During the Covid-19 pandemic, teachers were worried about students’ character education because they could not directly monitor students’ character development. Digital learning-based learning has advantages and disadvantages, so teachers must provide the best learning strategies to achieve learning goals, especially in character education. The purpose of this research is to provide the best solutions in learning strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data used in this study are primary data sources, namely teachers and related students, and secondary data sources, namely the documents required in this study. The data that has been obtained through the data collection process is grouped, then reduced, presented, and concluded. This research shows that students prefer and are more active when learning cooperative rather than having to use digital learning (online). Strengthening responsibility character education for students when using online knowledge has not been achieved. Therefore, the best solution to overcome these problems is to use direct cooperative learning to be more responsible with their lessons.
College Students' Perceptions of an Automated Writing Evaluation as a Supplementary Feedback Tool in a Writing Class
Authors: Ariyanto Meilisa Sindy Astika , Mukminatien Nur , Tresnadewi Sintha
Published: October 2021

Automated Writing Evaluation (AWE) programs have emerged as the latest trend in EFL writing classes. AWE programs act as a supplementary to teacher feedback and offer automated suggestions and corrections to students' linguistic errors such as grammar, vocabulary, or mechanics. As there is a need for better recognition of different AWE brands utilized for different levels of students, this research sheds light on identifying six university students’ views of an AWE program, namely ProWritingAid (PWA). The six students are categorized as having high or low writing achievement. This descriptive study delineates the students’ perceptions qualitatively. A semi-structured interview was used to collect the data. The findings suggest the students’ positive views of PWA because it could make class time more effective; it had useful feedback on grammar, vocabulary choices, and mechanics; and it built students‘ self-confidence over their compositions. In addition, for different reasons, the students engaged differently with PWA to enhance their drafts, e.g. using PWA only for the first drafts or for the first and final drafts. Finally, despite of the students’ constructive views on PWA, there was a risk that students only engaged superficially with the program by hitting the correction directly.
Our Experience in Applying the National Polymer Microshunt in Refractory Glaucoma Surgery
Authors: Kolpakova O. A. , Fabrikantov O. L.
Published: October 2021

Purpose. To analyze the outcomes of the national polymer microshunt implantationin refractory glaucoma surgery and to show its efficacy and safety.

Patients and methods. We analyzed the results of treatment of 90 patients (90 eyes) with refractory glaucoma. All patients were divided into two groups: main group and comparison group. The patients in the main group (44 eyes) were implanted with the national polymer microshunt (Reper-NN). The patients in the comparison group (46 eyes) were implanted with Ex-PRESS. Control criteria in the postoperative period included visometry, tonometry by Maklakov, computed perimetry. The examinations were performed preoperatively, at discharge, in a month, in six months and later postoperatively.

Results. When implanting the national polymer microshunt we reached the significant decrease in the intraocular pressure in the postoperative period in comparison with the preoperative level. The implantation outcomes of the national polymer microshunt and Ex-PRESS were comparable in efficacy and safety. The easy implantation and special construction of the national polymer microshunt provided with the sufficient efficacy and safety in refractory glaucoma surgery and allowed recommending its further application in the clinical practice.

Conclusion. The use of Reper-NN microshunt is effective and safe method of treating refractory glaucoma. The implantation of this shunt may be the method of choice both in primary and secondary refractory glaucoma surgery. The least price of Reper-NN microshunt in comparison with the foreign analogue allows this surgery to be more available for patients with refractory glaucoma.
VERIFICAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO DE LODO DE ETA EM FUNÇÃO DA QUANTIDADE E DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA BRUTA
Authors: Santos Lucas Avelino Reis , Michelan Denise Conceição de Gois , Jesus Taynar Mota
Published: October 2021

Quantificar o lodo produzido em estações de tratamento de água (ETAs) é uma etapa fundamental para saber o quanto deste resíduo é lançado indevidamente nos mananciais e para planejar sua disposição final adequada. Este artigo aborda a comparação entre três métodos empíricos para estimativa de quantidade de lodo gerado em duas ETAs com diferente consumo de produtos químicos no tratamento de água para o município aracajuano. A pesquisa foi realizada de modo a verificar se houve diferenças nos resultados entre os anos de 2016 a 2019, comparar as estimativas de produção para cada ETA e analisar a influência das variações dos parâmetros qualitativos da água bruta e da adição de produtos químicos. Como resultados, o estudo demonstrou que, de acordo com as estimativas, não houve diferenças significativas de produção de lodo entre os anos. Segundo análise estatística realizada, entre os valores obtidos pelas três diferentes equações, os resultados indicam que, para as ETAs em estudo, ocorreram mais diferenças do que semelhanças, ao nível de significância de 95%, entre a produção de sólidos. Verificou-se que equações empíricas que consideram maior quantidade de variáveis são as mais apropriadas para ETAs onde o tratamento é mais complexo, enquanto que equações mais simples podem se adequar a ETAs que utilizam poucos produtos químicos.
Departure Passenger Flow Simulation: Case Study on Izmir Adnan Menderes Airport Pre and Post COVID-19
Authors: Ateş Savaş S. , Koç Gökhan , Koç Talha , Bolat Mustafa
Published: October 2021

The flow of departing passengers from the airport inside the terminal is affected by strategic and tactical decisions of airport operation teams. The decisions made by the managers regarding opening and closing times of check-in, boarding, and gates are critical to optimize the performance of the terminal operation. In this research, Izmir Adnan Menderes Airport was taken as a use case.Departure terminal building of check-in, security control, and boarding gates was taken as the focus entities.The simulation passenger input data were produced for check-in, security, and boarding gates using different distribution probability methodologies to match the actual data. Three days of data (300 flights, 3 thousand passengers) has been derived with the help of a custom generator. A unique simulation tool called Departure Passenger Flow Simulator (DPFs) has been developed for research. Due to manage passenger flow pre and post COVID-19, the opening and closing times of assets (check-in and gates) were simulated in 6 iterations in DPFs in 3 different scenarios. As a result of the research, it was understood that the resources for Izmir Adnan Menderes Airport were sufficient, considering the COVID-19 measures published by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the General Directorate of Civil Aviation.
Smoke detection from foggy environment based on color spaces
Authors: Özbek Mehmet Erdal , Yıldız Uğur Emre
Published: October 2021

Detection of smoke from videos captured by surveillance cameras in outdoor environments is one of the useful outcome of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The potential benefit increases when deep learning (DL) architectures are involved. However, an inherent difficulty is to detect smoke while natural events like fog exists. The effectiveness of color spaces in detection performance has not yet fully evaluated in those architectures. Moreover, the energy and memory requirements of DL architectures may not be applicable for handling IoT implementation demands. Therefore, in this work, a DL architecture with a suitable color space model, applicable for IoT implementations is proposed to detect smoke from videos in foggy environment. By collecting several videos including smoke samples, the performance comparison of popular and the state-of-the-art DL architectures denoted the outperforming result according to both accuracy and memory usage.
The Vitreous Body and Its Role in the Diagnosis of Eye Pathologies
Authors: Asencio-Duran Mónica , Dabad-Moreno José , Vicandi-Plaza Blanca , Muñoz Manzano , Capote-Díez María , Santisteban Gloria
Published: October 2021

Vitreous humour is a biologically weak immune cavity of the eye, and is in some way isolated from pathogens of the rest of the organism due to a series of special immunological privileges. However, it is a place where processes of varied ethiology (immune, infectious or neoplastic) can develop indirectly due to leakage or release of molecules or even cells into the vitreous chamber, or may be the receptacle of molecules derived from processes developed in other organs in close contact with the vitreous (such as the retina or other underlying layers such as the choroid), which makes the vitreous body an accessible place for diagnosis and with less potential for side effects for analysis than other adjacent eye structures. This article reviews the most frequent pathologies that requires vitreous diagnosis, the most commonly used approaches for sampling and the diagnostic tests that can be performed on vitreous samples.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a 28-Year-Old Female with Antecedent COVID 19 Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Hirst Priscilla , Tate Fedeles Benjamin , Schlesinger Joseph
Published: October 2021

Various neurological manifestations have been observed throughout the SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, few cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in association with COVID-19 have been described. We submit a unique case of a previously healthy 28-year-old woman who presented with ascending weakness including facial diplegia, areflexia and respiratory compromise consistent with GBS Miller Fisher variant in the setting of recent COVID-19 infection one month prior to symptom onset.
Evaluation of the accuracy of volume calculation obtained by UAV
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Fernanda Helena , Feitoza Lêdo Éder Ramon , Candido Damasceno Caike Silva , Da Silva José Adriano , De Brito Alves Iderlan Medeiros
Published: October 2021

The emergence of increasingly accurate, fast, and inexpensive tools in the acquisition of data for the management base suitable for each type of environment is fundamental in the development of sustainable engineering. Based on this, the evaluation of the accuracy of the volume calculation performed using Digital Terrain Models (DTM’s), generated by images of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) was carried out. The study was conducted in the area of the new landfill in the municipality of Fortaleza, state of Ceará, in a waste stabilization pond. Two DTM’s were generated and evaluated. The first was generated by collecting points from a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver, using 445 points, whereas the second was generated by aerial images obtained through a multirotor UAV, with 17 checkpoints and 10 Ground Control Points (GCP’s). With the two DTM’s of the GNSS Receiver and the UAV, the volume of the stabilization pond was calculated
using the TopoEVN and Pix4D software, respectively. The estimated pond volume obtained through the Global Positioning System (GPS) data was 48548,33 m³, while by the UAV DTM, it was 48504,9 m³. The accuracy of the volume data obtained by DTM generated by UAV, even with considerable flight height (120 m), presented a result with variation less than 1% compared to those arising from conventional topography, thus indicating high reliability and data accuracy.
Genetic variability and genetic progress in seed traits in breeding the physic nut
Authors: Gomes Leitão Liliana Rocivalda , Ribeiro Araújo Linda Brenna , Mesquita Rosilene Oliveira , Campos de Magalhães Bertini Cândida Hermínia
Published: October 2021

Determining the chemical composition of seeds of the physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is of great importance for the species due to the oil content of the seeds (the principal trait of interest). Identifying promising genotypes with selectable seed traits is one of the strategies adopted in breeding the physic nut in order to increase the yield and quality of the oil. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of seed traits in ten half-sibling progeny of the physic nut, and to identify which progeny have good genetic performance for transmission to the offspring. The experimental design was completely randomised, with ten treatments and four replications. The treatments were represented by seeds from half-sibling progeny in which the carbohydrate, protein and lipid content, and the composition of the fatty acids were evaluated. The genetic parameters and the gains from their selection were predicted for the principal seed traits using mixed-model analysis, including REML (restricted maximum likelihood) and BLUP (best linear unbiased prediction). The physic-nut seeds showed an average dry matter (DM) concentration of 60 mg g-1 carbohydrates, 42 mg g-1 protein and 142 mg g-1 total lipids. Unsaturated fatty acids represented more than 85% of the total fatty acid composition, with the oil classified as oleic-linoleic. Considering the predictions of the genetic parameters, the lipid traits can be selected for the purpose of breeding, resulting in genetic progress in the yield and quality of physic-nut oil.
Efficiency of essential oils to control Colletotrichum theobromicola in vitro
Authors: Lima Tiago Silva , Caetano da Silva Melo Yoah Nayara , Da Silva Jackeline Laurentino , De Oliveira Costa Jaqueline Figueredo , De Andrade Lima Gaus Silvestre , Assunção Iraildes Pereira
Published: October 2021

Essential oils promote the inhibitory control of several fungi, including those within the genus Colletotrichum, the causal agent of Anthracnose, a disease which may occur at any stage of development in various crops, reducing up to 70% of crop production in some cases. Thus, the use of alternative products constitutes an important strategy for the integrated management, promoting less persistent molecules in the environment and lower toxicity rates, providing health benefits to producers and consumers of agricultural products. In this context, the present study evaluated the in vitro fungitoxic effect of essential oils from Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and rose pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) on the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum theobromicola. The experiment was performed under completely randomized design, in a 4x5 factorial scheme (4 essential oils x 5 concentrations), with five replications, and the experimental unit consisting of a Petri dish. The treatments were generated by combining the concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 25 and 50 μL mL-1) of essential oils (citronella, clove, eucalyptus and rose pepper). The plates were inoculated with the pathogen C. theobromicola and incubated for seven days at 25 ± 2 °C. To verify the difference between treatments, the percentage of mycelial growth inhibition (PGI) was estimated. The mycelial growth of C. theobromicola was significantly reduced with increasing concentrations of essential oils. At a concentration of 50 μL mL-1, the essential oil from S. terebinthifolius showed the best result inhibiting 54.57% of mycelial growth, followed by the oil from S. aromaticum (49.26%), C. winterianus (23.70%) and E. globulus (17.90%). All the studied oils showed antifungal activity.
Morphometric study of adult human gall bladder in a cadaver and its clinical importance
Authors: Parashuram Rajapur , Shivanal Uma
Published: October 2021

Extrahepatic biliary apparatus comprises of gall bladder, cystic duct, hepatic ducts and common bile duct. Gall Bladder is a pear shaped hollow organ, which are situated in contact with the under surface of right lobe of liver. In adult the length is between 7-10 cm, maximum breadth being 3 cm and with a maximum capacity of 50 ml. The morphological and morphometric variations of gall bladder are common. These variations are well studied and documented by the earlier studies but its precise morphological types and its incidence are utmost important during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Hence, comprehensive knowledge of variations of gall bladder will be important to avoid complications during surgical procedures and radiological interventions.

The study was carried on 50 liver with Gallbladder specimens obtained from 10% formalin fixed cadavers of age group 50-60 years in the department of Anatomy. The gall bladder was observed, dissected carefully and studied for its parameters i.e. length and breadth using Vernier calipers. The variations in shape, its external morphological features and its position were also noted.

52% of the gall bladder specimens had length ranging between 7 – 10cms. 68% of the specimens had transverse diameter ranging between 3 – 5cms. Various shapes observed were Pear shape, Hourglass shape, Retort shape, Cylindrical shape and Flask or Irregular shaped. The commonest shape observed and recorded in this study was Pear shaped in 26 specimens (52%). Folded fundus (Phrygian cap) of gall bladder was found in 2 out of 50 specimens (4%) and Hartmann’s pouch was found in 7 out of 50 specimens (14%).

The precise knowledge of the various morphological and morphometric variants of the gall bladder is important for the operating Surgeons and Radiologists. The preoperative diagnosis of these variations helps to reduce the complications like bleeding and biliary leaks.
Study of sympathetic and parasympathetic control of haemodynamics in mid pregnancy by cardiac autonomic neuropathy analyzer
Authors: Kaur Jeewandeep , Batra Arvinder Pal Singh
Published: October 2021

Pregnancy is associated with substantial changes in cardiovascular system. The action of autonomic nervous system is essential for circulatory adaptations in pregnancy and nourishing growing fetus.

The study was conducted to assess the significance of autonomic function tests amongst women of mid pregnancy and non pregnant women.

A comparative study was caried out amongst pregnant and non pregnant women in Department of Physiology. A total of 60 women (30 pregnant as study group and 30 non pregnant healthy women as control group) aged between 18- 30 years were included in study.

The results indicated that there was statistically significant change in resting heart and highly statistically significant change to deep breathing in mid pregnancy reflecting higher parasympathetic activity in study group (pregnant female) as compared to control group (non pregnant female) while sympathetic activity assessed by isometric hand grip test didn’t show any statistically significant change among pregnant as compared to non pregnant.

Our study showed role of parasympathetic activity in controlling haemodynamics in mid pregnancy and it may help to return the arterial pressure to non pregnant level by causing haemodilution, although when the increase in activity is excessive, hypertension may ensue.
Possible Directions of NATO Military Operations Against the Kaliningrad Region of the Russian Federation (Based on Materials from Open Publications)
Authors: Zverev Yury
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the possible directions of NATO military operations against the Kaliningrad region as an anti-access and area  denial zone (A2/AD), which interferes with the plans of the North Atlantic Alliance in the Baltic region (based on materials from open publications of winter-spring 2021). Shows the danger and unrealizability of these intentions (including on the basis of the results of the Polish military exercise Zima-20).
The Prospect of Eurasian Integration After the Great Global Economic Crisis of 2008-2020
Authors: Koltashov Vasily
Published: October 2021

The article examines the impact of the great global economic crisis of 2008-2020. on Eurasian integration, the relationship between the old and the new center of global capitalism. An analysis is made of what results, for what reasons and how the further construction of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) will lead in the face of the unfriendliness of Western states and a simultaneous crisis of their strategy in the economy and politics. Namely: the formation of a large continental market, a stable system of interstate cooperation, the implementation of an interethnic protectionist policy that encourages production and consumption within the EAEU. The prospect of such development makes the project attractive for countries outside Eurasia, which leads to the birth of the Eurasian consensus as an international economic and political agenda.This will largely become decisive for the global economic agenda for 2021-2045, that is, for the period of a new upward wave according to N.D. Kondratyev.
Russian Elections in Post-Soviet Eurasia: The Factor of Diaspora
Authors: Vorobyev Pavel
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of holding Russian elections in neighboring countries. Using the example of the Russian presidential elections in 2018 in Belarus, Moldova and the Baltic states, the results of voting, the peculiarities of the organization of the expression of will and the final turnout are analyzed. Based on quantitative and qualitative data, as well as comparative analysis, measures are proposed to improve the process of foreign voting in Russian elections.
Remoção de cobre, cromo e arsênio da madeira tratada em diferentes concentrações
Authors: Candaten Luana , Trevisan Rômulo , Bairros Paulo Roberto Da Silva , Wastowski Arci Dirceu , Klingenberg Debora , Jankowsky Ivaldo Pontes
Published: October 2021

A madeira em seu estado natural está susceptível ao ataque de organismos xilófagos. Com isso, são necessários tratamentos que aumentem sua durabilidade e os locais de emprego desse material. O Arseniato de Cobre Cromatado (CCA) atua de forma desejável quanto à preservação da madeira, porém, quando se trata das questões ambientais, seu uso é polêmico, principalmente com relação aos resíduos de material tratado gerados ao fim de sua vida útil, que por ter arsênio em sua formulação, as formas de reciclagem são quase nulas. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar o processo de eletrorremoção do CCA da madeira tratada, avaliando a eficácia da técnica. Para isso, foram aplicados tratamentos de CCA na madeira nas concentrações 1, 2, 3 e 4%, para posteriormente passarem pelo processo de eletrorremoção. Essa metodologia em escala de bancada, consistiu na aplicação de eletricidade numa solução condutora eletrolítica composta da combinação de ácido orgânico e inorgânico com água ultra-pura, por um período de 2 horas, onde o material ficou mergulhado nesse local. Os resultados indicaram que a eletrorremoção se mostrou eficaz, sendo que as médias de cobre, cromo e arsênio da madeira tratada reduziram com a aplicação da técnica, em todas as concentrações estudadas.
A modelagem de processos como apoio à identificação de problemas de qualidade em uma indústria de cerâmica vermelha
Authors: Santos Mateus Mota Manhães Pedrosa dos , Silva Simone Vasconcelos , Ferreira Cristine Nunes , Morais Alline Sardinha Cordeiro
Published: October 2021

O setor cerâmico tem uma parcela significativa na economia brasileira, contribuindo para a geração de empregos, renda e movimentação do setor de construção civil. No entanto, diversas cerâmicas são, na grande maioria, compostas por pequenas empresas que carecem de tecnologia e conhecimento na gestão de seus processos, que, geralmente, são realizados de modo empírico. Tendo em vista a necessidade do gerenciamento de processos para aumentar a eficiência das atividades e possibilitar a redução da quantidade de produtos disformes, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor a modelagem do processo de fabricação de tijolos cerâmicos, verificando sua aderência na cerâmica utilizada como estudo de caso, além de propor soluções para os problemas mais recorrentes. Para atender esse objetivo, foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico sobre gerenciamento de processos de negócio: a fabricação da cerâmica vermelha e a utilização da notação Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) como apoio para a modelagem do processo de fabricação. Entre os resultados obtidos, cita-se a necessidade de formalização do processo utilizado pela cerâmica estudada, a conformidade com o processo modelado, a identificação das causas dos problemas de coloração do produto após a queima, trincas, quebras e a proposição de soluções, visando aumentar a produtividade da cerâmica.
Caracterización dimensional con ultrasonido por arreglo de fases de discontinuidades inducidas en acero ASTM A36 mediante procesos de electroerosión y soldadura SMAW
Authors: Galán-Pinilla Carlos Andrés , Quintero-Ortiz Luz Amparo , Herrera-Ortiz Julián Orlando
Published: October 2021

This research evaluates the effect of the variables of Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing(PAUT) on the sectoral angular beam scans “S-Scan” and the geometric morphology of planar discontinuities such as the inclination forthe ultrasonic beam and the shape of the extremity on accuracy in measurements. The study was carried out in two stages. Duringthe first stage, eight ASTM A36 steel samples with machined notches by penetration from EDM and a welded sample with lack of penetration in a butt weld were designed and produced. In the second stage, it wasmeasured the size of the discontinuities using ultrasound inspection and different configurations of the phase arrangement. The effect of each variable and inspection setting with errors between 0.2 % and 120 % were determined by statistical analysis.
Melville’s Majestic Missive:“Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street”
Authors: Urie Andrew
Published: October 2021

In keeping with the spirit of American Studies, this article engages in an interdisciplinary examination of Herman Melville’s short story, “Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street” (1853). Employing a broad literary-critical-historical methodology that also incorporates cultural and social theory, I sociohistorically contextualize “Bartleby” and demonstrate how this stylistically innovative short story anticipated later works of modernist, existential, and postmodern literature. Now internationally renowned as a classic of American literature, “Bartleby” is of interest not only for its historically innovative style––which continues to resonate with contemporary readers––but also for how it potentially serves as Melville’s self-reflexive meditation on his then declining literary career.
CURRENT STATE OF DENDROFLORA OF THE MONUMENT PARK OF GARDEN ARTISTRY OF LOCAL IMPORTANCE “PARK OF V. P. FILATOV INSTITUTE”
Authors: Nemertsalov V. V. , Kolomiichuk V. P. , Vasylieva T. V.
Published: October 2021

Problem. It is important to identify the diversity of dendroflora in the territories of nature reserves, including man-made objects. The dendroflora of Odesa parks has not been studied systematically, and some publications on the topic concern either the dendroflora of the city as a whole or the description of individual parks. Moreover, these data are partially outdated and do not reflect the current state of greenery.
Aim. To conduct an inventory of tree and shrub plants of the park-monument of landscape art of local significance "Park of the V.P. Filatov Institute”, analysis of the taxonomic structure of dendroflora, diversity of plant life forms, age and quantitative composition of green plantations and detection of phytososophytic plants in the park.
Methods. During the inventory of tree plantations in the park the continuous account of plantings was carried out. Identification of dendroflora species was carried out using modern reference books and determinants. Definitions of life forms (tree, bush, vine) were determined by I.G. Serebryakov. Species names of trees and shrubs were given according to floristic reports and the Determinant. The age of trees and shrubs was determined by analyzing biometric indicators. The condition of trees and their decorative features were studied.
Main results. In 2020 dendroflora of the monument park of garden artistry of local importance “Park of V.P. Filatov Institute” in Odesa was inventoried. 111 species of woody plants, which belong to 77 genera, 35 families, 2 classes and 2 divisions were identified, of which: trees - 66 species (59.5%), bushes - 39 species (35.1%), lianas - 6 species (5.4%). The Pinophyta division includes 22 species from 13 genera and 5 families. In terms of the number of species Cypressaceae (12 species) and Pinaceae (8 species) are leading families, and Juniperus is a leading genus. The Magnoliophyta division includes 89 species from 64 genera and 30 families. Families Rosaceae (23 species), Salicaceae (8 species), Fabaceae (7 species), Aceraceae and Oleaceae (per 5 species each) are the leading ones in terms of the number of species. Genera maple (Acer) and poplar (Populus) are the leading ones in terms of the number of species. Decorative forms for 9 species have been identified. There are 1019 specimens of woody plants in the park, 86 specimens of trees of 15 species have trunk diameter of more than 50 cm. Among phytososophytes there is one species, which is listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine (2009) - yew (Taxus baccata) and 31 species of plants included in the Red List of Threatened Species IUCN (2012), in total 178 specimens of plants of the studied park are a subject to special protection.
Conclusions. Trees, which were planted in the first half of the twentieth century, have historical and cultural significance as living witnesses of the activities of Academician V.P. Filatov and his associates.
SYMPTOMS OF POISONING LYMNAEA (MOLLUSCA, GASTROPODA, LYMNAEIDAE) WITH WATER MEDIUM CHROME SULFATE
Authors: Stadnychenko A. P. , Uvaieva O. I. , Kyrychuk G. Ye.
Published: October 2021

Problem. Cr (III) ions are dangerously toxic for the hydrobionts of water system of the Dnieper River basin. The ions have not been previously studied in relation to their effect on a number of pond snail species.
Aim. Hence, the aim of this work is to determine the range of concentrations of Cr (III) in aquatic environment that cause each of the subsequent phases of pathological process in pond snails: poisoning by the aforementioned toxicant, and presence of the complexes of symptoms of the pathological or adaptive nature that are typical for each phase.
Methods.The study was conducted in 2018 in the laboratory of zoology of invertebrates of Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University on 344 individuals of pond snails of the species Lymnaea atra, L. callomphala and L. turricula. The toxicological experiment was performed according to the technique of V. A. Alekseyev, the rate of heartbeat by D. A. Vyskushenko, the rate of branchial respiration by V. I. Zhadin, the mean daily food intake by A. P. Sushkina, the trematode (Trematoda) infection rates and morphological examination by T. A. Ginetsinskaya.
Main results. Cr (III) ions are water-soluble endogenic, highly poisonous toxicant, which locally affects the respiratory branchial epithelium and skin epithelium of pond snails. The depression, and later the termination of aerobic respiration lead to their death from asphyxia. The course of poisoning is five-phase. At 0.5 MPC Cr (III) all vital functions of pond snails are carried out at the normal level (indifference phase). At concentrations of 1-2 MPC, Cr (III) ions cause an increase in their heart rate, intensity of branchial respiration, nutrition and digestion, locomotion (muscle) activity (stimulation phase). At 3 MPC of Cr (III) ions, the depression phase of intoxication develops, with the complex of symptoms including bradycardia, a sharp weakening of respiratory and trophic functions and muscle activity, with increasing degrees of hydremia, pastosity, necrosis of the respiratory epithelium and underlying tissues, and the occurrence of bleeding and hemorrhage (depressive, sublethal and lethal phases).  
Conclusions. The studied species of pond snails are highly sensitive to the action of Cr (III) ions and can be suggested for use as test objects in the system of hydroecological monitoring of terrestrial waters of Ukraine.
Principles of the United Nations Global Compact
Authors: Mravcová Anna , Gálová Jana
Published: October 2021

The United Nations Global Compact represents one of the biggest voluntary initiatives under the United Nations organisation. This initiative was founded in 2000. It is strongly connected with Corporate Social Responsibility and efforts in achieving sustainability as it is a call for businesses worldwide to contribute towards sustainable world development in economic, social as well as environmental areas. Until last year, when the UNGC celebrated its 20th anniversary, it already had over 11,500 participants all around the world. This fact can have significant impact on achieving its goals which were set in the form of 10 principles divided into 4 main areas, where the positive and sustainable operating of business as well as other types of organisations is much than needed today. Therefore, in the text of this subchapter, the basic information about the very Global Compact initiative is presented, as well as its 10 universal principles set in the areas of human rights, labour standards, environment and anti-corruption, through which the participants are required to take strategic actions in achieving broader societal goals, mainly current Sustainable Development Goals, the interconnection of which is also presented and highlighted. The aim is to help understand the importance of this UN initiative for creating a better and sustainable world by incorporating business and other organisations.
Social responsibility and quality in practice
Authors: Kis Krisztián
Published: October 2021

In this chapter, two excellent examples from Hungary are presented as cases related to the issues discussed in Chapter 2.6, titled Social responsibility and quality: issues of competitiveness and sustainable development. One case is about a Sustainable restaurant initiative introduced by the Heroes of Responsible Dining Foundation, while the other concerns the Safe place certification developed by the CertUnion certification and consulting company. Both cases are examples for presenting responsibility, quality and innovation from different approaches while contributing to both competitiveness and sustainable development.