bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of Maternal and Paternal Internalizing Symptoms from Pregnancy to 2 Years Postpartum: Identifying Modifiable Risk and Protective Factors
Authors: Laifer Lauren M. , Ramsdell Erin L. , Stasik-O’Brien Sara M. , Martin Rachel C. B. , Brock Rebecca L.
Published: July 2024

There is an increased risk for depression and anxiety across the perinatal period (i.e., spanning pregnancy and the first year postpartum); however, limited research has examined elevations in core negative affectivity underlying internalizing disorders more broadly. The current study sought to characterize trajectories of core internalizing problems among both mothers and fathers across the perinatal period and explored whether modifiable risk and protective factors buffered risk for elevated symptoms during this key developmental transition. A community sample of mixed‐sex couples (N = 159) completed assessments during pregnancy and at four postpartum timepoints. Using growth mixture modeling, we found that 21.2% of mothers demonstrated clinical elevations in core internalizing symptoms that persisted up to 2 years postpartum. In contrast, 7.8% of fathers demonstrated clinical elevations in core internalizing symptoms across this period, with an additional 29.0% of fathers demonstrating subthreshold symptom elevations. Concerns related to pregnancy and childbirth and paternal (partner) internalizing problems during pregnancy conferred risk for elevated symptoms in mothers, whereas psychological flexibility, emotional intimacy, and the quality of received support were identified as protective factors for fathers. Results highlight the importance of repeated screening for internalizing problems and suggest that promoting a strong interparental relationship is critical for emotional health and well‐being across the perinatal period.
Neural Changes after Vision Therapy in Convergence Insufficiency: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barberán-Bernardos Laura , Jiménez Natalia , Piñero David P.
Published: July 2024

Objective. To investigate if the use of vision therapy (VT) in convergence insufficiency (CI) has a significant neural impact and how it correlates with the clinical changes occurring with this option of treatment. Methods. A systematic review of the scientific literature was carried out in the PubMed and Scopus databases, where all the scientific literature on the neural impact of VT in CI was analyzed. A total of 17 articles were initially found and a detailed analysis was carried out. After full‐text reading, only four studies met the defined inclusion criteria. The following data from them were extracted: CI cases and controls, clinical and neural parameters evaluated, the neural response to VT observed, type of study, and VT performed. The quality of the studies was assessed using the GRADE tool. Results. Some neural changes have been reported after VT in CI with the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Specifically, a modification of the functional activity of some brain areas (especially front fields, oculomotor vermis, and cerebellum) was found. However, contradictory findings in terms of the change in functional activity (increase or decrease) were found that might be associated to differences in fMRI protocols. In the GRADE analysis, serious concerns were found in the categories of risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness, and imprecision, so the certainty of evidence for each outcome was very low. Conclusion. The research performed to this date does not allow confirming if there are neural changes occurring after vision therapy in patients with CI because the quality of the research performed on this issue is very low, with several methodological concerns.
Potential S1 Nerve Root Blocks Associated with Sacroiliac Joint Injections
Authors: Ng Andrew , Lou Jesse , Wang Dajie
Published: July 2024

Background. Sacroiliac (SI) joint dysfunction is a common cause of lower back pain. The diagnosis of SI joint pain remains challenging. Sacroiliac joint injection remains the gold standard of diagnosis of SI joint pain as well as providing therapeutic effect. One complication related to SI joint injection is temporary numbness and weakness of the leg. Objectives. To evaluate the anatomy of the SI joint and the flow of the contrast in the sacroiliac joint and to understand how local anesthetic can affect the nerve roots and cause temporary weakness and numbness of the leg. Study Design. Retrospective case series. Setting. Academic medical center. Methods. Patients who underwent SI joint injection with three‐dimensional cone beam computed tomography with fluoroscopy (3D‐CBCT) imaging were identified through retrospective review of two providers’ case log from the electronic medical record. The cone beam CT images were reviewed to study the contrast spread and flow in the SI joint. Results. 27/32 patients with the mean age of 56 years (range 39–87 years), 20 females, and 7 males were included in this study. After reviewing cone beam CT images, 4/27 (14.8%) patients showed contrast spread in the SI joint and spread into the S1 posterior neuroforamen. The remainder 23/27 (85.2%) patients had contrast localized in the SI joint. Limitations. Small population size, retrospective review of medical records. Conclusion. Our results indicate that the injection of lower concentration of local anesthetic with less volume may be necessary to decrease the risk of S1 nerve root block and epidural block. Furthermore, to improve the specificity of a diagnostic SI injection, an appropriate evaluation should be considered to rule out any S1 nerve pathology as a significant pain generator.
Level of Satisfaction with the Learning Environment and Transition to Employment among Health Professions Graduates at a Ugandan Medical School
Authors: Ngonzi Joseph , Kintu Timothy Mwanje , Muganzi David Jolly , Kyagambiddwa Tonny , Atimango Lorna , Kihumuro Raymond Bernard , Bajunirwe Francis
Published: July 2024

Background. To ensure training quality, medical training institutions must provide an adequate learning environment and prepare trainees for work but there is research paucity on the subject. We determined the level of satisfaction with the learning environment and transition to employment among graduates of a Ugandan medical school. Materials and Methods. We conducted an online cross‐sectional survey among graduates of Mbarara University of Science and Technology medical school in Uganda, graduating between 1995 and 2020 between March and November 2022. We used Likert scales to measure satisfaction with the learning environment and assessed relevance of the training in transition to the job market. Participants were reached by snowballing and data were analyzed using R‐Studio. Results. A total of 361 graduates responded to the survey. Majority were male (72%) and reported having formal employment (94%). Most (57.4%) of the graduates were satisfied with the quality of teaching at medical school. In contrast, fewer graduates (31.2%) were satisfied with the state of the infrastructure at the university and the opportunities available to influence medical school policy such as inclusion on key medical school governance committees. Majority (85%) utilized the knowledge and skills acquired at university in their current job and 75% were satisfied with their ability to perform well under pressure. However, only 37% and 25.4% reported that the medical school supported them in internship and employment search. Conclusion. Students were satisfied with the teaching quality at the university and their ability to perform well at their jobs. However, gaps exist in infrastructure and preparation for transition to jobs. Hence, a need to improve infrastructure.
Figure S4 from E2F1-Associated Purine Synthesis Pathway Is a Major Component of the MET-DNA Damage Response Network
Authors: Poliaková Turan Michaela , Riedo Rahel , Medo Matúš , Pozzato Chiara , Friese-Hamim Manja , Koch Jonas P. , Coggins Si’Ana A. , Li Qun , Kim Baek , Albers Joachim , Aebersold Daniel M. , Zamboni Nicola , Zimmer Yitzhak , Medová Michaela
Published: July 2024

Supplementations with nucleosides and hypoxanthine: (A) Proliferation of GTL-16 and EBC-1 cells upon supplementation with nucleosides or hypoxanthine. (B) Apoptosis (caspase-3 activation) in GTL-16 and EBC-1 upon supplementation with nucleosides, hypoxanthine or their combination.
Figure 4 from E2F1-Associated Purine Synthesis Pathway Is a Major Component of the MET-DNA Damage Response Network
Authors: Poliaková Turan Michaela , Riedo Rahel , Medo Matúš , Pozzato Chiara , Friese-Hamim Manja , Koch Jonas P. , Coggins Si’Ana A. , Li Qun , Kim Baek , Albers Joachim , Aebersold Daniel M. , Zamboni Nicola , Zimmer Yitzhak , Medová Michaela
Published: July 2024

Transcriptional effectors involved in regulation of purine synthesis pathway. A, Complementary transcriptomic analysis of purine synthesis pathway regulation effectors in EBC-1 and GTL-16 cells. MYC, E2F1, E2F2, and both large (RRM1) and small (RRM2) ribonucleotide reductase subunits were downregulated upon METi in MET-driven EBC-1 and GTL-16 cell lines (N = 2). Differences between the gene’s expression (METi vs. control) are shown. B, Quantitative real-time PCR assessment of mRNA levels of E2F-1 and E2F-2 upon METi in MET-driven (EBC-1 and GTL-16) and non-MET-driven (HCC821 and H820) cell lines (N = 3, unpaired Student t test, *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001). C, Whole-cell lysates of MET-driven cell lines EBC-1 and GTL-16 were subjected to Western blotting using pMET (Tyr1234/5) and E2F1 antibodies following their treatment with vehicle or 50 nmol/L tepotinib for 24, 48, and 72 hours (left). Protein levels of GART and E2F1 were assessed by Western blotting in MET-driven MKN45, KATOII, and SNU-638 cells (right). ß-Actin was used as a loading control. Representative images of N = 3 independent experiments are shown. D, E2F1 expression in EBC-1 (left) and HCC827 (right) tumor xenografts treated by vehicle or METi. Representative images (left) and quantification of E2F1-positive area (right) are provided [EBC-1: N = 5 (control), N = 5 (tepotinib); HCC827: N = 6 (control), N = 4 (tepotinib); unpaired Student t test, *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001]. E, mRNA levels of RRM1 and RRM2 were assessed by real-time PCR following METi (24 hours, 50 nmol/L), irradiation (10 Gy, 1-hour time-point post IR), and upon combinatory treatment in GTL-16 and EBC-1 cells (N = 3, unpaired Student t test, *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001). F, Comparisons of E2F1, RRM1, and RRM2 transcript distribution in normal tissue vs. primary tumor in lung, colorectal, stomach, and head and neck cancer TCGA datasets. G, dNTP levels in MET-driven cell lines GTL-16 and EBC-1 and non-MET-driven cell lines HCC827 and H1648 in response to METi by tepotinib (24 hours, 50 nmol/L), N = 3, unpaired Student t test, (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001).
Supplementary Table 1 from N-Myristoytransferase Inhibition Causes Mitochondrial Iron Overload and Parthanatos in TIM17A-Dependent Aggressive Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Geroyska Sofia , Mejia Isabel , Chan Alfred A. , Navarrete Marian , Pandey Vijaya , Kharpatin Samuel , Noguti Juliana , Wang Feng , Srole Daniel , Chou Tsui-Fen , Wohlschlegel James , Nemeth Elizabeta , Damoiseaux Robert , Shackelford David B. , Lee Delphine J. , Díaz Begoña
Published: July 2024

MS data of H1792 cells treated with NMTi
Figure S12 from N-Myristoytransferase Inhibition Causes Mitochondrial Iron Overload and Parthanatos in TIM17A-Dependent Aggressive Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Geroyska Sofia , Mejia Isabel , Chan Alfred A. , Navarrete Marian , Pandey Vijaya , Kharpatin Samuel , Noguti Juliana , Wang Feng , Srole Daniel , Chou Tsui-Fen , Wohlschlegel James , Nemeth Elizabeta , Damoiseaux Robert , Shackelford David B. , Lee Delphine J. , Díaz Begoña
Published: July 2024

Effect of lipid peroxidation on the abundance of TIM17A in lung carcinoma cells.
The Comparison of FLOT and DCF Regimens as Perioperative Treatment for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Uçar Gökhan , Sekmek Serhat , Karahan İrfan , Ergün Yakup , İsak Özlem Aydın , Tunç Sezai , Doğan Mutlu , Gürler Fatih , Bayram Doğan , Açıkgöz Yusuf , Esen Selin Aktürk , Civelek Burak , Köş Fahriye Tuğba , Bal Öznur , Algın Efnan , Eren Tülay , İmamoğlu Gökşen İnanç , Urakçı Zuhat , Yazıcı Ozan , Özdemir Nuriye , Uncu Doğan
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Locoregional gastric cancer is a still serious problem and perioperative treatments may improve the success of management. Different regimens were examined. The present study purposed to compare the efficacy of fluorouracil-leucovorin-oxaliplatin-docetaxel (FLOT) and docetaxel-cisplatin-fluorouracil (DCF) regimens. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study assessed the patients with locoregional gastric cancer. There are 240 patients (137 DCF, 103 FLOT). Survival rates were compared. Results: Demographic features were similar between the two groups, but the time period was different. The FLOT group had 7.8% pathological complete response, while the DCF group did not. Disease-free survival was longer in the FLOT than in the DCF group (median not reached – 13.94 months, respectively). Median overall survival was similar (30.9 vs. 37.8 months), but median follow-up affected the analysis. Survival for 36 months was 63% for the FLOT group and 40% for the DCF group (log-rank; p = 0.015). Conclusion: FLOT regimen was superior to DCF regimen for response and survival rates. DCF is a historical approach. Long-term follow-up period is needed for FLOT treatment.
Plantas medicinais: ora-pro-nóbis
Authors: Nicoletti Vinicius ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Capellari Júnior Lindolpho ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz
Published: July 2024

O ser humano, bem como grande parte dos demais animais, sempre fez uso de plantas para as mais diversas finalidades, entre as quais a alimentação e a cura de moléstias e doenças. Na farmacopeia indígena americana entrava um grupo de plantas desconhecidas em outros continentes: as cactáceas. A imensa família Cactaceae, com mais de 100 gêneros e inúmeras espécies, possui apenas um gênero que ocorre na África e ali somente algumas espécies: Rhipsalis. Tal gênero, no entanto, tem a maior parte de suas espécies na América, portanto, era em nosso continente que a diversidade florística da família era explorada. Apenas para ilustrar a importância deste grupo, podemos citar a produção de frutos como a pitaia (espécies de Selenicereus) e o figo-da-índia [Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.], o uso como planta medicinal do mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru DC.) e da ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.), alucinogênico da mescalina obtida do peiote [Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex J.F. Cels) J.M. Coult.] e o cultivo da palma-doce ou cacto-da-cochonilha [Opuntia cochenillifera (L.) Mill.], sobre a qual é criada a cochonilha (gênero Dactylopius), produtora de um corante natural vermelho. Isso, sem levarmos em conta o uso ornamental, tanto em projetos paisagísticos como em coleções.
Associations between digital health literacy and health system navigating abilities among Norwegian adolescents: validating the HLS19-DIGI scale using Rasch modeling
Authors: Le Christopher , Guttersrud Øystein , Levin-Zamir Diane , Griebler Robert , Finbråten Hanne Søberg
Published: July 2024

Background

Despite increasing global attention to health literacy and adolescents’ digital health information seeking, no unidimensional instruments measuring digital health literacy (DHL) in adolescents have reportedly been validated using Rasch modeling. Moreover, the evidence of adolescents’ abilities to navigate the health system (NAV-HL) in light of their DHL proficiency is still scarce. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of a DHL instrument (HLS19-DIGI scale) in order to investigate DHL in adolescents and young adults aged 16–25 and associations with abilities to navigate the health system.

Methods

A population-based cross-sectional survey among 890 Norwegian adolescents was conducted during April–October 2020 using computer-assisted telephone interviewing. Rasch modeling, independent samples t-test, chi-square test, and binary regression models were used to analyze the data.

Results

The HLS19-DIGI scale was sufficiently unidimensional, whereas no differential item functioning or disordered response categories were observed. However, relatively poor targeting was revealed indicating too many easy items for the target population. Yet, a high proportion (54%) of low DHL proficiency in adolescents was observed, as well as DHL was positively associated with the abilities to navigate the health system.

Conclusions

The HLS19-DIGI scale is considered a sufficiently unidimensional and valid instrument for measuring DHL in adolescents, which may be a useful tool for health authorities, public health workers, and health service providers. While DHL affects adolescents’ abilities to navigate the health system, future research should measure and examine their ability to utilize digital health services, separately.
Association of sleep and generalized anxiety disorder in Korean adolescents
Authors: Ko Ah Jung , Kim Jinhyun , Park Eun-Cheol
Published: July 2024

Background

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common anxiety disorder among adolescents, significantly impacting their concentration and learning capabilities. The connection between emotional well-being and sleep is well-established, and Korean adolescents are particularly prone to inadequate sleep. This study aimed to determine the association between sleep duration and GAD in Korean adolescents.

Methods

This study was conducted using data from 106,513 adolescents aged 12–18 years. Data from the 2020–2022 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used. Sleep duration was classified into five groups, based on an average sleep duration of 7–7.9 h in adolescents. Social jet lag was defined as a misalignment between an individual's biological and social clocks. Differences in sleep duration between weekdays and weekends, social jet lag, and bedtime were each classified into three categories. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between sleep duration and GAD.

Results

Comparing the five groups classified based on sleep duration, adolescents in the groups that slept less experienced a significant increase in the odds of developing GAD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: boys: 1.10 in the 6.0–6.9-h group, 1.14 in the 5.0–5.9-h group, and 1.23 in the ≤ 4.9-h group; girls: 1.05 in the 6.0–6.9-h group, 1.19 in the 5.0–5.9-h group, 1.22 in the ≤ 4.9-h group). Adolescents with poor sleep quality experienced more frequent instances of inadequate sleep (aOR: boys: 2.51; girls: 2.43).

Conclusions

GAD is strongly associated with insufficient sleep. Consequently, it is imperative to assess and address GAD in adolescents with irregular sleep patterns.
The association between vitamin E intake and hepatic steatosis in general and obese populations
Authors: Chen Bin , Han Li , Chen Xingxing
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and employing Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) measures, this study explores the correlation between vitamin E (VE) intake and hepatic steatosis and its impact on different subsets.

Materials and methods

We selected 5757 participants with CAP data from the 2017–2020 NHANES dataset. Daily VE intake was assessed by a 24-hour dietary recall. Hepatic fat content was quantified using transient elastography to measure CAP. Stratified multivariable regression analysis investigated relationships in different subsets, and a generalized additive model identified nonlinear relationships and thresholds.

Results

After adjusting for confounders, higher VE intake correlated with lower CAP levels. Subgroup analyses and tests for interaction revealed a significantly stronger negative correlation between VE intake and CAP in obese individuals. Further analysis indicated a curvilinear relationship between VE intake and the severity of liver fat degeneration in both the general study population and the obese subgroup, demonstrating a threshold effect. In the general population, VE intake below the threshold (6.58 mg/day) is positively correlated with CAP levels, whereas intake above this threshold shows a negative correlation. For obese individuals, the threshold is set at 7.37 mg/day, above which the negative correlation with CAP is even more pronounced.

Conclusion

Our study revealed a negative correlation between VE intake and hepatic fat content, highlighting the potentially crucial role VE plays in obese fatty liver patients. Importantly, we identified threshold effects of VE intake in both general and obese populations. Our results support clinical nutritional interventions, personalized dietary guidance, and the development of drugs to combat fatty liver.
STAU1-mediated CNBP mRNA degradation by LINC00665 alters stem cell characteristics in ovarian cancer
Authors: Liu Xiaofang , Chen Yang , Li Ying , Bai Jinling , Zeng Zhi , Wang Min , Dong Yaodong , Zhou Yingying
Published: July 2024

Background

To investigate the role of lncRNA LINC00665 in modulating ovarian cancer stemness and its influence on treatment resistance and cancer development.

Methods

We isolated ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) from the COC1 cell line using a combination of chemotherapeutic agents and growth factors, and verified their stemness through western blotting and immunofluorescence for stem cell markers. Employing bioinformatics, we identified lncRNAs associated with ovarian cancer, with a focus on LINC00665 and its interaction with the CNBP mRNA. In situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and qPCR were utilized to examine their expression and localization, alongside functional assays to determine the effects of LINC00665 on CNBP.

Results

LINC00665 employs its Alu elements to interact with the 3’-UTR of CNBP mRNA, targeting it for degradation. This molecular crosstalk enhances stemness by promoting the STAU1-mediated decay of CNBP mRNA, thereby modulating the Wnt and Notch signaling cascades that are pivotal for maintaining CSC characteristics and driving tumor progression. These mechanistic insights were corroborated by a series of in vitro assays and validated in vivo using tumor xenograft models. Furthermore, we established a positive correlation between elevated CNBP levels and increased disease-free survival in patients with ovarian cancer, underscoring the prognostic value of CNBP in this context.

Conclusions

lncRNA LINC00665 enhances stemness in ovarian cancer by mediating the degradation of CNBP mRNA, thereby identifying LINC00665 as a potential therapeutic target to counteract drug resistance and tumor recurrence associated with CSCs.
A PERMA model approach to well-being: a psychometric properties study
Authors: Al-Hendawi Maha , Alodat Ali , Al-Zoubi Suhail , Bulut Sefa
Published: July 2024

Psychological well-being influences all the facets of adolescent success. This study examined the psychometric properties of PERMA, a subjective well-being measure consisting of five domains: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. The sample size consisted of 502 high school students from public schools in Qatar. Contrary to expectations, the five-factor structure for PERMA did not fit our data well; however, after refining the model by the errors of the covariances between items, the one-factor model was found to be applicable. Multivariate analysis revealed that socioeconomic status (SES) and level of academic performance were independently and positively associated with overall well-being scores, whereas internalizing and externalizing behaviors were negatively associated. Notably, no significant effects of gender or age on well-being were observed. These findings suggest that interventions specific to socioeconomic status, academic excellence, and internalizing and externalizing behaviors in the school setting can produce more effective outcomes concerning student well-being.
Repeated Trading: Transparency and Market Structure
Authors: Kaya Ayça , Roy Santanu
Published: July 2024

We analyze the effect of transparency of past trading volumes in markets where an informed long-lived seller can repeatedly trade with short-lived uninformed buyers. Transparency allows buyers to observe previously sold quantities. In markets with intraperiod monopsony (single buyer each period), transparency reduces welfare if the ex ante expected quality is low but improves welfare if the expected quality is high. The effect is reversed in markets with intraperiod competition (multiple buyers each period). This discrepancy in the efficiency implications of transparency is explained by how buyer competition affects the seller’s ability to capture rents, which, in turn, influences market screening. (JEL D40, D82, D83, G14, L15)
Assessing the shade matching accuracy among dental students through visual and instrumental methods
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Adeel
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the shade selection accuracy of male dental students according to the three dimensions of color: value, hue, and chroma, using visual and instrumental shade selection methods under different lighting conditions.
Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was instigated amongst 70 male 4th, 5th, and 6th years BDS students of the Dental Clinics Complex at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia for a duration of two months. First, the principal investigator determined the shade of tooth 11 and 46 on patient utilizing the spectrophotometer after calibration. In the next step, students were asked to select the shade of same tooth 11 and 46 using VITA 3D-Master shade guide under clinic lightening condition and corrected light. The characteristics of the color such as hue, chroma and value were recorded. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to find the significant difference in shade selection between visual and instrumental methods with respect to academic years.
Results: The mean of the value of instrumental shade selection of tooth # 46 was slightly higher among 4th year students (4.41±0.73), than that of 5th year (3.72±1.02), and 6th year students (3.83±0.83), with a statistically significant difference among them (p= 0.024), indicating 6th year students selected darker shades. Additionally, a statistically significant relationship was noticed among 4th, 5th, and 6th year students with respect to the means of the chroma of 2.18 ±1.29, 2.92±1.11, and 3.13±1.10, respectively (p= 0.025).
Conclusion: The selection of posterior teeth shades was notably influenced by academic years, employing both instrumental and visual methods, while considering color parameters.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.8.9491
How to cite this: Ahmed MA. Assessing the shade matching accuracy among dental students through visual and instrumental methods. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.8.9491
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Assessing Orofacial Esthetics in Prosthodontic Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychometric Properties
Authors: Amir Zara , John Jacob , Danaee Mahmoud , Yusof Zamros
Published: July 2024

Objective: To validate and ascertain the reliability of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale specifically within the context of prosthodontic patients, aiming to establish it as a credible and standardized tool for evaluating orofacial esthetics in this specialized cohort.
Methods: The systematic analysis adhered to the guidelines outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A systematic search using four databases PubMed /Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct along with manual and grey literature (ProQuest and Google scholar) till 30 October 2023 was performed. The risk of biasness was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist followed by validity analysis. For meta-analysis, psychometric values (Cronbach alpha and Intra class correlation coefficient) were used through MedCalc software.
Results: The overall ICC value was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94 to 0.96) and the overall Cronbach alpha value was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92 to 0.96). There was evidence of high heterogeneity and no publication bias among the studies included.
Conclusion: This study underscores the pivotal role of orofacial esthetics in prosthodontic care, introducing the Orofacial Esthetic Scale as a validated tool to quantitatively assess subjective perceptions. This will highlight its potential for tailored treatment planning and improved patient outcomes.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.8.9860
How to cite this: Amir Z, John J, Danaee M, Yusof ZYM. Assessing Orofacial Esthetics in Prosthodontic Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychometric Properties. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.8.9860
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Analysis of black hole scalarization in modified theories of gravity
Authors: Κιορπελίδη Στέλλα
Published: July 2024

Στην παϱούσα διδακτορική διατριβή, ερευνούµε το ϕαινόµενο της ϐαθµοτοποίησης µελανών οπών σε ϐαθµοτανυστικές τροποποιηµένες ϑεωρίες ϐαρύτητας. Αρχικά, µελετάµε ϕορτισµένες ϐαθµοτοποιηµένες µελανές οπές στα πλαίσια της ϑεωρίας ϐαρύτητας Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (EsGB). Τα αποτελέσµατα της µελέτης αποκαλύπτουν την ύπαϱξη σηµείων διακλάδωσης, όπου ϕορτισµένοι ϐαθµοτοποιηµένοι κλάδοι λύσεων µελανών οπών διακλαδώνονται από τον κλάδο λύσεων της Γενικής Θεωρίας Σχετικότητας (ΓΘΣ) του Einstein, που περιγράφει την µελανή οπή Reissner-Nordstrοm, παρέχοντας ενδιαφέρουσες πληροφορίες ως πϱος τις αποκλίσεις των δύο ϑεωριών και ως πϱος την συµπεριφορά των νέων λύσεων. Συγκρίνουµε την εντροπία που περιγράφει τις ϐαθµοτοποιηµένες λύσεις µελανών οπών, αποδεικνύοντας ότι ο ϑεµελιώδης κλάδος µη τετριµµένων λύσεων είναι ϑερµοδυναµικά προτιµητέος σε σχέση µε τον κλάδο λύσεων της Reissner-Nordstrοm και τους άλλους ϐαθµοτοποιηµένους κλάδους. Στη συνέχεια, µελετάµε το ϕαινόµενο της ϐαθµοτοποίησης της µελανής οπής Reissner-Nordstrοm στα πλαίσια της ϑεωρίας ϐαρύτητας Einstein-Maxwell-scalar (EMs) συµπεριλαµβανοµένων µη γραµµικών όϱων ηλεκτροµαγνητισµού. Οι κλάδοι των ϐαθµοτοποιηµένων µελανών οπών διακλαδώνονται από τον κλάδο λύσεων της µελανής οπής RN, τερµατίζοντας µε µια ϐαρυτική ιδιοµορφία. Οι ϐαθµοτοποιηµένες λύσεις µποϱούν να χαρακτηριστούν υπερφορτισµένες, µε την έννοια ότι µποϱούν να ϕέϱουν µεγαλύτεϱο ηλεκτρικό ϕοϱτίο σε σχέση µε τη µάζα τους. Επιπλέον, εµφανίζουν µεγαλύτεϱη εντροπία σε σχέση µε τη µελανή οπή RN και άλλες ϐαθµοτοποιηµένες µελανές οπές γραµµικών ϑεωϱιών ηλεκτροµαγνητισµού, προτείνοντας τη ϑερµοδυναµική τους προτίµηση. Τέλος, εξετάζουµε το ϕαινόµενο της ϐαθµοτοποίησης ολογραφικά στα πλαίσια της ϑεωρίας EsGB, µε την παϱουσία αρνητικής κοσµολογικής σταθεράς. Σε αυτό το σηµείο, αποδεικνύουµε την υπάρξη σύνδεσης µεταξύ του µηχανισµού της ϐαθµοτοποίησης µελανών οπών της ΓΘΣ και µιας µετάϐασης ϕάσης της ύλης σε µια σύµµορφη ϑεωρία πεδίου. Εφαρµόζοντας την ολογραφική αϱχή, συσχετίζουµε το ϕαινόµενο της ϐαθµοτοποίησης που λαµβάνει χώϱα εντός συνόϱου µε τη δηµιουϱγία συµπυκνώµατος ύλης στο σύνοϱο, χωϱίς το σπάσιµο κάποιας συµµετρίας, και υπολογίζουµε την σχετιζόµενη ολογραφική εντροπία εµπλοκής. Επιπλέον, εξετάζουµε το ϕαινόµενο της ϐαθµοτοποίησης ολογραφικά παϱουσιά ενός ηλεκτροµαγνητικού πεδίου, και ερευνούµε ϐαθµοτοποιηµένες µελανές οπές. Υπολογίζουµε το ϐαθµωτό συµπύκνωµα, την αγωγιµότητα και την υπέρρευστη πυκνότητα υπεραγώγιµου υλικού µέσω της αντιστοιχίας AdS/CFT και περιγράφουµε το ϕαινόµενο της ϐαθµοτοποίησης ως µια µετάϐαση ϕάσης ενός υλικού από µια κανονική σε µια υπεραγώγιµη κατάσταση, σε µια κϱίσιµη ϑεϱµοκϱασία.
The content production routine in the pandemic context
Authors: Costa Luana , Figueira Erick , Rocha-Pinto Sandra
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic led Brazil to implement social distancing measures, challenging the operation of various organizations. This study aimed to identify how such a context impacted the content production routine in a media and entertainment company. After documentary analysis, interviews, and participant observation, three categories emerged: (i) emergence of guiding and facilitating artifacts; (ii) imposition of new competence, and (iii) emergence of new production models. Findings suggest that the interplay between the influence of artifacts on the ostensive aspect of routines and operational practice required new competencies from the involved actors.
Penny Wise and Pound Foolish: Does Striving to Meet Earnings Expectations by Manipulating Real Activities Trigger Product Recalls?
Authors: Chen Yangyang , Ma Lijun , Pittman Jeffrey , Yang Xin
Published: July 2024

We examine whether managers’ activities in striving to reach earnings targets through real earnings manipulation affect their firms’ product recalls. Our evidence implies that firms suspected of manipulating real activities in trying to meet earnings benchmarks exhibit a higher likelihood and frequency of product recalls. In cross-sectional results consistent with expectations, we find that the impact of exploiting real activities to attain earnings benchmarks on product recalls intensifies for firms whose managers have stronger incentives to manage earnings and subsides for firms subject to greater customer power and firms with more growth opportunities. Additional analysis shows that lowering product quality to meet or beat earnings expectations undermines firms’ future performance.

This paper was accepted by Ranjani Krishnan, accounting.

Funding: Y. Chen acknowledges the General Research Fund of the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong [Project 15504219] for financial support. L. Ma acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Education Project of Humanities and Social Sciences [Project 22YJC630099] and the Young Scholars Grant Program of the University of International Business and Economics [Project 20YQ06].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.04035 .
Fair Shares: Feasibility, Domination, and Incentives
Authors: Babaioff Moshe , Feige Uriel
Published: July 2024

We consider fair allocation of indivisible goods to n equally entitled agents. Every agent i has a valuation function vi from some given class of valuation functions. A share s is a function that maps [Formula: see text] to a nonnegative value. A share is feasible if for every allocation instance, there is an allocation that gives every agent i a bundle that is acceptable with respect to vi, one of value at least her share value [Formula: see text]. We introduce the following concepts. A share is self-maximizing if reporting the true valuation maximizes the minimum true value of a bundle that is acceptable with respect to the report. A share s ρ-dominates another share [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] for every valuation function. We initiate a systematic study of feasible and self-maximizing shares and a systematic study of ρ-domination relation between shares, presenting both positive and negative results.

Funding: The research of M. Babaioff is supported in part by a Golda Meir Fellowship. The research of U. Feige is supported in part by the Israel Science Foundation [Grant 1122/22].
Power Allocation based on ANN for Hybrid Battery and Supercapacitor Storage System in EV
Authors: Rahmawan Hanif Adi
Published: July 2024

The paper focuses on presented an ArtificialNeural Network (ANN) approach to allocate power for a hybridenergy storage system (HESS) in an Electric Vehicle (EV). TheHESS is comprised of a battery and supercapacitor, and theANN algorithm aims to optimize power allocation between thesetwo energy storage devices. The data for ANN training wasbased on cost optimization-based power allocation fromprevious research. While optimization can often take highcomputational resource and time, it is expected that a welltrained ANN can allocate power for the EV HESS more quickly.In this research, the inputs to the ANN are the required powerderived from the drive cycle, energy and power capacity of thebattery and supercapacitor, and state of charge (SoC) of thebattery and supercapacitor. The trained ANN was trained withvarious inputs not used in the training and it shows satisfactoryperformance.
Don’t forget the children—paediatric patients in mass casualty events and major incident planning
Authors: Jenner Rachel , Piscitelli Stefano
Published: July 2024

Major incidents and mass casualty events can affect people of all ages. However, when planning the response to a major incident the focus is often on adult casualties rather than children. It is essential that the needs of paediatric patients are taken into account throughout major incident planning. Whether considering equipment, staffing or surgical and critical care capacity, hospitals should meet the needs of children as well as adults following a major incident and where possible, keep families together. The new Major Incident Triage Tool introduced in the National Health Service (NHS) in 2024 has a tendency to over triage paediatric casualties and so hospitals who may be receiving children following a UK major incident must be aware of this and plan for the potential implications. This article reviews the evidence and learning from previous mass casualty events and makes recommendations for hospitals to ensure that the needs of children will be met if a major incident occurs.
Becoming an effective interviewer: what nursing and residential care home managers should know
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: July 2024

Adam Bernstein discusses what skills are needed to be a competent interviewer.
Muscle thickness of lateral abdominal muscles in sitting and standing positions during abdominal drawing-in maneuver and abdominal bracing among healthy adults
Authors: Mohammed Aisha Tukur ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand, Petchsont Hathaichanok , Sitilertpisan Patraporn , Sriburee Sompong , Joseph Leonard , Paungmali Aatit ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand,   Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand,   Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, School of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand
Published: July 2024

Background: Spinal stabilization exercises, such as abdominal drawing maneuvers (ADIM) and abdominal bracing (AB), are crucial in alleviating low back pain, especially in functional positions such as sitting and standing. However, few studies have investigated the contraction patterns of the lateral abdominal muscles during ADIM and AB in these daily living positions (i.e., sitting and standing). Objective: The study aimed to investigate the thickness of transverse abdominis (TrA), internal abdominal oblique (IO), and external abdominal oblique (EO) during ADIM and AB between sitting and standing positions. Materials and methods: Twenty-four healthy adults (12 males, 12 females) without low back pain or other orthopedic conditions were assessed in sitting and standing positions while performing ADIM and AB. Real-time ultrasound imaging was used to measure the thickness of the TrA, IO, and EO during the ADIM and AB. Results: Muscle thickness of TrA and IO was significantly greater during ADIM when compared to AB (p<0.05). TrA thickness during AB was significantly greater in sitting than standing (p<0.05), but ADIM showed no difference in both positions. ADIM and AB can produce contraction of the lateral abdominal muscles (LAM) in both sitting and standing positions. Conclusion: ADIM and AB can produce contraction of the LAM in both sitting and standing positions. However, ADIM can activate TrA and IO muscles better than AB. Therefore, clinicians may initially consider using ADIM to teach individuals who need core stability exercises such as low back pain.
Effect of Temperature on Nestmate Recognition in the Ant Odontomachus chelifer
Authors: Silva Kleber Luna , Batista Nathan Rodrigues , Antonialli-Junior William Fernando
Published: July 2024

Cuticular hydrocarbons play multiple roles in social insects. Their primary function is to waterproof the external surface of the body of individuals in order to prevent desiccation, however, they also act as a chemical signature in social insects, unique to each colony, through which individuals recognize themselves as nestmates. These compounds may undergo changes due to exogenous factors, aiming to maintain the integrity of the cuticle. However, changes in cuticular chemical composition may impair recognition among nestmates. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that nestmates of the ant Odontomachus chelifer, when submitted to different temperature conditions, may undergo changes in their normal pattern of recognition. To do this, groups of workers were kept under two different temperatures, 15 and 30 °C, during a period of 24 hours, and then submitted to induced encounters with workers who remained for this same period at a temperature of 25 °C. As a form of control, the same type of encounter was performed between ants that remained isolated, but at the same temperature and also between ants from different colonies. The results show that ants that remain for 24 hours under different temperature conditions, present some level of difficulty in recognizing themselves as nestmates, performing more aggressive behaviors and taking longer touching themselves (antennation) than in the control condition.
Carlos V. Una vida entre la gloria y la tragedia
Authors: Villero Anuarbe José , Girón Pascual Rafael , Castelo-Branco Camil
Published: July 2024

L’emperador Carlos V va ser generós, rigorós, tenaç i guerrer infatigable,però amb una manca d’empatia que, afegida a unapredisposició genètica, van configurar una personalitat complicada,de caràcter turbulent, depressiu, bulímic, que a les acaballesde la seva vida el van dur a un complex de culpa. Portador d’unamunió de malalties, va finir patint un malson de dolors, allunyatdel món i sol al monestir de Yuste.
Caustic of colors in Newton’s prism: erratum
Authors: Berry M. V.
Published: July 2024

An error concerning the transparency of water in J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 39, C45 (2022)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.474473 is corrected.
Research and Industry News
Authors: Cartlidge Edwin , Curtis Susan , Daukantas Patricia , Kim Meeri , Kirkland Alessia , Lanford Hannah , Sender Rachel , Wills Stewart
Published: July 2024

Blurred tomography / Purple signatures for alien life / MIR nanoscopy /
Solar thermal energy / Sound system for quantum memory / Spectroscopy
identifies illegal ivory / Industry newss
Time-multiplexed electro-optic modulation for enhanced signal to noise ratio and recording speed in dual frequency comb spectroscopy
Authors: Chatterjee Debanuj , Bancel Eve-Line , Conforti Matteo , Sivankutty Siddharth , Rigneault Herve , Szriftgiser Pascal , Cundiff Steven , Mussot Arnaud
Published: July 2024

We demonstrate a novel technique to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and/or alternatively the recording speed of dual comb spectroscopy (DCS) through time multiplexing of the interferograms. The all-fiber architecture utilizes electro-optic modulators (EOM) to generate two optical frequency combs. By engineering the pulse trains, the interferogram is time-multiplexed, or, in other words, includes a larger number of bursts within a given time frame compared to the standard case. The proposed time multiplexing technique is theoretically analyzed and the results are experimentally verified. A SNR improvement of 11.6 dB is demonstrated experimentally with 3.3 fold time multiplexing. These results open new possibilities in SNR improvement and/or recording speed of EOM-based multi-comb spectroscopic techniques.
End-to-End Algorithm Research in PACT—From Signal Processing to Reconstruction Solution to Image Processing
Authors: Liu Chengbo , Gao Rongkang , Cheng JinJin , Wang Shuilin , Hou Wenqiang , Dong Shirui , Wang Yang , Fu Xuyu , Zeng Silue , Ren Yaguang , Ma Xiaohui , Liu Jinhai , Sun Mingjian
Published: July 2024

Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) is an innovative biomedical imaging technique that has gained significant application in the field of biomedicine due to its ability to visualize optical contrast with high resolution and deep tissue penetration. However, the inherent challenges associated with photoacoustic signal excitation, propagation and detection often result in suboptimal image quality. To overcome these limitations, researchers have developed various advanced algorithms that span the entire image reconstruction pipeline. This review paper aims to presents a detailed analysis of the latest advancements in PACT algorithms and synthesizes these algorithms into a coherent framework. We provide a tripartite analysis—from signal processing to reconstruction solution to image processing, covering a spectrum of techniques. The principles and methodologies, as well as their applicability and limitations, are thoroughly discussed. The primary objective of this study is to provide a thorough review of advanced algorithms applicable to PACT, offering both theoretical foundations and practical guidance for enhancing the imaging effect of PACT.