bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATIONS OF 1,3-DIRADICALS: RING-OPENED AZIRIDINE AND ETHYLENE OXIDE
Authors: Yamaguchi Kizashi , Nishio Akinobu , Yabushita Satoshi , Fueno Takayuki
Published: July 2006

The geometry optimization procedure by use of the singlet DODS solution is applied to the ring-opened aziridine and ethylene oxide as examples of the so-called dipolar species. It is found that the trans-bent conformation is the most stable for both species. The diradical character is considerably developed for the optimized geometries inspite of the octet stabilization.
STUDIES DIRECTED TOWARDS THE SYNTHESIS OF FOMANNOSIN. A SYNTHESIS OF (±)-DIHYDROFOMANNOSIN ACETATE
Authors: Kosugi Hiroshi , Uda Hisashi
Published: July 2006

(±)-Dihydrofomannosin acetate has been synthesized by a reaction sequence involving the photocycloaddition of a Δα,β-butenolide derivative and the ring enlargement of a γ- to a δ-lactone system.
SYNTHESIS OF IMIDAZO[1,2-b]PYRIDAZINE 1-OXIDES BY REACTION OF OXAZOLO[3,2-b]PYRIDAZINIUM PERCHLORATES WITH HYDROXYLAMINE
Authors: Satoh Kazue , Miyasaka Tadashi , Arakawa Kiichi
Published: July 2006

The reaction of oxazolo[3,2-b]pyridazinium perchlorates (I) with hydroxylamine afforded monoximes (II) and dioximes (III), from both of which were synthesized imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine 1-oxides (IV) by heating in mineral acid. The N-oxides were characterized by converting into the corresponding pyridazines by deoxygenation.
CHIRALE KONFORMERE BEI N-α-CHLOROVINYL–CARBAMIDSÄURECHLORIDEN
Authors: Ahlbrecht H , Vonderheid C
Published: July 2006

NMR-Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die durch Phosgenierung der Amide 1 zugänglichen N-Vinylcarbamidsäurechloride 3 als nicht planare, chirale Konformere vorliegen.
MICROWAVE SPECTRA OF ALLYLSILANE
Authors: Hayashi Michiro , Imachi Misako , Saito Makoto
Published: July 2006

Microwave spectra of allylsilane and its deuterated species were measured. Their rotational constants determined were predictable by a model having a set of structural parameters transferred from those of 1-butene and ethylsilane and the skeletal dihedral angle of 103°40′. Dipole moment obtained by Stark effect measurements was 0.526±0.022 D for the normal species making an angle of about 36° with the SiC bond. From the observed splittings of the spectra due to the excited silyl torsional state, the barrier to SiH3 internal rotation was determined to be 2130±70 cal/mol.
ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS OF PIPERIDINE DERIVATIVES: AN APPLICATION TO SYNTHESIS OF (S)-(−)-SEDAMINE AND (S)-(−)-ALLOSEDAMINE
Authors: Wakabayashi Toshio , Watanabe Kenzo , Kato Yoshinori , Saito Masahiko
Published: July 2006

(S)-(+)-2-oxo-6-piperidineacetic acid was synthesized by a novel route involving an asymmetric cyclization process. Its absolute configuration was determined by converting it to (S)-(−)-sedamine and (S)-(−)-allosedamine, piperidine alkaloids.
THE COLOR REACTION OF POLYVINYLCARBAZOLE WITH NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND ITS APPLICATION FOR THE DETECTION OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Authors: Abe Satsuki
Published: July 2006

Polyvinylcarbazole reacts selectively with nitrogen dioxide and develops a yellow color. The color producing components are identified to be nitro derivatives of the polymer. A new indicator tube developed as an application of this reaction will be used conveniently for the detection of nitrogen dioxide in the field of industrial hygiene.
REACTION OF 5-NITROSOTROPOLONE AND ITS ACETATE WITH CYCLOPENTADIENE
Authors: Saito Ikuo , Sakan Kunio , Itô Shô
Published: July 2006

The reaction of nitrosotropolone 1 with cyclopentadiene was found to proceed peri-and stereospecifically yielding unstable endo [4+2] adduct 6. Nitrosotropolone acetate 2 also reacts regio- and stereospecifically in benzene to give endo adduct 3. The structure of the products were determined on the basis of their spectra. Their quinoxaline derivatives were also prepared.
EFFECT OF pH ON SPECTRAL SENSITIZATION OF SILVER CHLORIDE
Authors: Abe Takao , Sukigara Mitsunori , Honda Kenichi
Published: July 2006

The effect of pH on the spectral sensitization of silver chloride was studied electrochemically. The sensitized photocurrent by rhodamine B decreased with lowering pH of the electrolyte solution, whereas in the case of 1,1′-diethyl-2,2′-quinocyanine chloride, the increase in the sensitized photocurrent was observed. The above fact suggests that H+ existing in the vicinity of the silver chloride surface plays an important role in increasing the sensitized photocurrent.
A LONG-RANGE ISOTOPE EFFECT ON A HFSC OF THE BICYCLO[2.1.1]HEXAN-5-YL RADICAL
Authors: Kawamura Takashi , Hayashida Shigeru , Yonezawa Teijiro
Published: July 2006

The hyperfine splitting constant (hfsc) of H6endo of the bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-5-yl radical increased from 28.22 G to 28.80 G upon the replacement of H5 with a deuterium atom, which is qualitatively explained, with the aid of INDO calculations, as due to the decrease of the out-of-plane mode vibration of the C5–H5 bond upon the replacement.
FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING OF 9-AMINOACRIDINE BY ADENOSINE-5′-MONOPHOSPHATE AND GUANOSINE-5′-MONOPHOSPHATE
Authors: Kubota Yukio
Published: July 2006

The fluorescence properties (spectrum, lifetime and quantum yield) of 9-aminoacridine cation in aqueous solutions of nucleotides have been examined. It was found that the fluorescence of the dye is quenched by adenosine-5′-monophosphate and guanosine-5′-monophosphate. Quantitative analysis of the results shows that the quenching of fluorescence is caused by dynamic and static quenching processes.
PRESSURE-VOLUME APPROACH TO THE ACTIVITY COEFFICIENT OF NONELECTROLYTE IN AQUEOUS MIXED SOLVENT
Authors: Watarai Hitoshi , Suzuki Nobuo
Published: July 2006

The extension of McDevit and Long theory to the prediction of the activity coefficient of nonelectrolyte in aqueous mixed solvent has been made. By the use of the present approach, the characteristic composition dependences of the hydrogen gas solubility (literature data) in water-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mixtures and the observed partition coefficient of acetone and acetylacetone in the system of heptane/water-DMSO could be reasonably interpreted.
CHEMISTRY OF AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTICS P-2563 (P) AND (A)
Authors: Nara Kiyoshi , Sumino Yasuhiro , Katamoto Kazuyoshi , Akiyama Shunichi , Asai Mitsuko
Published: July 2006

Two antibiotics active against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, P-2563 (P) (I) and (A) (II) were isolated from a cultured broth of Pseudomonas fluorescence P-2563. It was found that I and II have acylaminoglycoside having the same new aminopolyol in their molecule. From their chemical degradation studies and physico-chemical properties structures of I and II were proposed to be 3-O-(4-deoxy-4-propionamido-α-d-glucopyranosyl)-1,4-diamino-1,4-dideoxyhexitol and 3-O-(4-acetamido-4-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranosyl)-1,4-diamino-1,4-dideoxyhexitol, respectively.
SYNTHESIS OF (±)-MAYTENOQUINONE, (±)-DISPERMOL, AND (±)-DISPERMONE
Authors: Matsumoto Takashi , Ohmura Taishi
Published: July 2006

Three tricyclic diterpenes, maytenoquinone (1), dispermol (2), and dispermone (3), were synthesized as racemic forms starting from β-cyclocitral (5) by a simple route. Condensation of (5) with 3,4-dimethoxy-2-isopropylbenzyl chloride (8) afforded an alcohol (9) which was successively subjected to oxidation, intramolecular cyclization, demethylation, and oxidation to give (±)-1. Reductive cleavage of a hydroxyl group in (9) followed by cyclization gave (±)-2 which was further converted into (±)-3.
REACTION OF O(1D2) WITH ETHANE IN LIQUID AND HIGH-PRESSURE SF6
Authors: Kajimoto Okitsugu , Yamasaki Hiroshi , Fueno Takayuki
Published: July 2006

Sulfur hexafluoride has been found to be completely inert toward O(1D2) even in the liquid state, thus being quite suitable as a solvent for reactions of the O(1D2) atom. The reaction between O(1D2) and C2H6 was studied in high-pressure as well as liquid SF6. The limiting quantum yield of C2H5OH was found to be 0.67 in the high pressure limit and as large as 0.88 in the liquid state.
Cu NUCLEAR QUADRUPOLE RESONANCES OF SEVERAL COMPLEXES OF COPPER(I) HALIDES WITH TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE
Authors: Okuda Tsutomu , Hiura Morio , Yamada Koji , Negita Hisao
Published: July 2006

The 63Cu nuclear quadrupole resonances have been observed in (CuX)nLm (X=Cl, Br, I; L=triphenylphosphine; n:m=1:1, 2:3, 1:2). Two characteristic frequency ranges were observed: the resonance frequencies of the three-coordinated Cu atoms are far above those of the four-coordinated.
A NEW SYNTHETIC METHOD FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF ALCOHOLS TO ALKYL CHLORIDES USING 2-CHLOROBENZOXAZOLIUM SALT
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Shoda Shin-ichiro , Watanabe Yutaka
Published: July 2006

2-Chloro-3-ethylbenzoxazolium tetrafluoroborate reacts smoothly with a variety of alcohols in the presence of tetraethylammonium chloride to afford the corresponding alkyl chlorides in high yields. Replacement of a hydroxyl group at an asymmetric carbon atom with chlorine proceeds in a stereospecific manner.
SYNTHESES OF 1,4-DIHYDROPYRIDINES CONTAINING AMINO ACIDS AND REDUCTION OF ETHYL BENZOYLFORMATE
Authors: Endo Takeshi , Hayashi Yashuhiro , Okawara Makoto
Published: July 2006

1-Benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide derivatives (IIa-IId) containing amino acid moieties such as glycine, l-alanine,l-leucine and l-phenylalanine were prepared, and the asymmetric reduction of ethyl benzoylformate by use of IIa-IId was examined.
THERMAL REARRANGEMENT OF 2-(BUTA-1,3-DIENYL)-2H-AZIRINES: FORMATION OF VINYLPYRROLES INSTEAD OF AZEPINES
Authors: Isomura Kazuaki , Tanaka Tatsuyoshi , Taniguchi Hiroshi
Published: July 2006

Thermal rearrangement of 2-(buta-1,3-dienyl)-2H-azirines, 1a, 1b, and 1c, afforded 2-vinylpyrroles, 4a, 4b, and 4c. The main product alleged as an azepine 2 was revealed to be a 2-vinylpyrrole 4a and evidence for the formation of the azepine 2 was not obtained.
TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE SPECTRA OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE EXCITED AT 450.4 NM BY A 4-METHYLUMBELLIFERONE LASER
Authors: Imasaka Totaro , Ogawa Teiichiro , Ishibashi Nobuhiko
Published: July 2006

The fluorescence spectra of nitrogen dioxide at 0.1 torr were measured (gate time; 0–150 μsec, 0–100 nsec, 5–15 μsec). The short-lived discrete emission and the long-lived continuum emission were resolved by using the pulse-gated photon counting method.
INTERACTION OF OZONE WITH 3,7-DIMETHYLOCTYL ACETATE ON SOLID ADSORBENTS
Authors: Beckwith Athelstan L J , Bodkin Colin L , Duong Thach
Published: July 2006

Oxidation with ozone of the acetate (1) adsorbed on silicagel, alumina, or barium sulphate proceeds in good yield and gives mainly the alcohol (2) and the ketone (3). The high regioselectivity of the reaction when conducted at a suitable substrate loading is attributed to the mutual steric effect of one molecule upon the other in the adsorbed monolayer.
AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF MACROCYCLIC LACTONE
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Narasaka Koichi , Kikuchi Kazunori
Published: July 2006

Long chain ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids were quantitatively converted to 6-phenyl-2-pyridyl esters by the treatment of the acids with 6-phenyl-2-pyridone and 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide in the presence of triethylamine. These esters were cyclized in refluxing methylene chloride by the promotion of p-toluenesulfonic acid to give macrocyclic lactones in high yields.
THE INFLUENCES OF SUBSTITUENT AND CONFIGURATIOAL, GEOMETRY ON THE CIRCULAR DICHROISM OF LACTAMS
Authors: Wakabayashi Toshio , Kato Yoshinori , Watanabe Kenzo , Saito Masahiko
Published: July 2006

Chiroptical properties of five- and six-membered monocyclic lactams 1–10 of known absolute configuration have been studied. It was found that the N-methyl group dominantly contributed to the n→π* Cotton effects of δ-lactams; N-methylated lactams 7–10 exhibit positive Cotton effects while the unsubstituted lactam 6 shows a negative Cotton effect.
CYCLIZATION OF POLYENES XXII. SYNTHESIS AND STEREOCHEMISTRY OF THUNBERGOL
Authors: Kato Tadahiro , Suzuki Masanobu , Takahashi Masahiro , Kitahara Yoshio
Published: July 2006

Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of thunbergol(Vb) and its epimer(Va) was carried out starting from dl-epimukulol(IIb) and dl-mukulol(IIa), respectively. The present work establishes unequivocally the stereostructure of thunbergol which has remained unsolved.
STEREOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC REACTIONS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS III. ELECTROLYTIC REDUCTION OF 2-METHYLCYCLOHEXANONE TO 2-METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL
Authors: Nonaka Tsutomu , Wachi Sadayuki , Fuchigami Toshio
Published: July 2006

2-Methylcyclohexanone was electrolytically reduced to 2-methylcyclohexanol under a variety of conditions. The trans/cis ratio of 2-methylcyclohexanol strongly depended on cathode material, current density and organic co-solvent in aqueous sodium hydroxide, while in aqueous sulfuric acid such a strong dependence was not observed.
PREPARATION OF 2-OXA-3-6-DIOXO-9-VINYL-cis-DECALIN SKELETON, A PRECURSOR OF VERNOLEPIN
Authors: Torii Sigeru , Okamoto Tsutomu , Kadono Sinichi
Published: July 2006

2-Oxa-3,6-dioxo-4-methoxycarbonyl-9-vinyl-cis-decalin (9), a precursor of vernolepin, was synthesized from 3-ethoxy-2-cyclohexenone (3). The condensation of the kinetic enolate of 3 with acetaldehyde and subsequent dehydration afforded 5 in good yield. Deconjugative hydroxymethylation of 5 followed by esterification with methyl malonyl chloride gave 8.Intramolecular Michael addition of 8 provided 9 in 66% yield.
LOW TEMPERATURE ACTIVITY OF THE COPPER OXIDE CATALYST SUPPORTED ON ACTIVATED CARBON FOR REDUCTION OF NITRIC OXIDE WITH AMMONIA
Authors: Nozaki Fumio , Yamazaki Kenichiro , Inomata Takashi
Published: July 2006

The copper oxide catalyst supported on activated carbon showed a high activity even at the low temperature near 100 °C. The correlation between NO conversion and reaction temperature was really complicated, having both a maximum in the temperature range 120–150 °C and a minimum at the temperature near 300 °C. An appropriate amount of CuO supported on activated carbon was about 5 wt%.
THE PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS USING UNSYMMETRICAL CARBODIIMIDES
Authors: Ito Hisashi , Takamatsu Norihiro , Ichikizaki Iwao
Published: July 2006

When a peptide was synthesized by use of an unsymmetrical carbodiimide in which the electron density on one nitrogen atom is lower than that on the other, it has been found that the formation of N-acylurea is markedly suppressed and the racemization of the product is limited to a less extent in comparison with the case using DCC(dicyclohexylcarbodiimide).
CHARGE-TRANSFER-INDUCED PHOTOLYSIS OF BENZYL ACETATES WITH ALIPHATIC AMINES
Authors: Ohashi Mamoru , Tsujimoto Kazuo , Furukawa Yuji
Published: July 2006

Photolysis of benzyl acetates proceeds reductively in the presence of aliphatic amines via electron-transfer followed by proton-transfer. The reaction is appropriately included in the category of the photo-induced Birch reduction.
SYNTHESIS USING ALLYLIDENEDIHYDROPYRIDINES I. CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF 3-ETHENYLPYRAZOLO[1,5-a]PYRIDIKES
Authors: Kakehi Akikazu , Ito Suketaka , Uchiyama Kenji , Kondo Kenji
Published: July 2006

2-Allylidene-1,2-dihydropyridines possessing an electrophilic center in the 1-substituent were prepared by the reactions of pyridinium salts with ethyl ethoxymethylenecyanoacetate in the presence of alkali, and their thermolyses gave 3-ethenylpyrazolot[1,5-a]pyridines in nearly quantitative yields.
PHOTOCHEMICAL CYCLOADDITION OF BENZOPHENONE WITH 1,5-DIMETHYL-6-METHYLENETRICYCLO[3.2.1.02,7]OCT-3-EN-8-ONE AND A RELATED ALCOHOL: A STRIKING SUBSTITUENT EFFECT ON THE PRODUCT COMPOSITION
Authors: Nitta Makoto , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Sekine Yoshiro
Published: July 2006

Irradiation of 1 ,5-dimethyl-6-methylenetricyclo [3.2.1.02,7]oct-3-en-8-one (I) in the presence of benzophenone afforded two adducts (III) and (IV): the alcohol derivative (II), however, the only one (V).
DIMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE CATALYZED BY BIS(TRIPHENYLPHQSPHINE)PENTACHLOROPHENYL(CHLORO)NICKEL(II) ACTIVATED WITH SILVER SALT
Authors: Koike Takao , Kawakami Kiyoshi , Maruya Ken-ichi , Mizoroki Tsutomu , Ozaki Atsumu
Published: July 2006

Bis(triphenylphosphine)pentachlorophenyl(chloro)nickel(II) activated with silver perchlorate effectively catalyzes ethylene dimerization in bromobenzene at 0°C under 76 cmHg. The catalytic activity was further enhanced by adding a catalytic amount of triphenylphosphine. An analogous phenyldimethylphosphine complex, however, was much less active for ethylene dimerization.
SEPARATION OF STRONTIUM ION FROM A LARGE AMOUNT OF CALCIUM ION BY THE USE OF A MACROCYCLIC ETHER
Authors: Kimura Toshimasa , Iwashima Kiyoshi , Ishimori Tatsujiro , Hamaguchi Hiroshi
Published: July 2006

A small amount of Sr2+ (0.7∼20 mg) was simply separated from a large amount of Ca2+(1.5 g) by liquid–liquid extraction using dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 chloroform solution. Average recovery of Sr2+ was 97 %, and the amount of Ca2+ in the final strontium fraction of the separation was decreased to 10−4∼10−5 part of the initial amount.
A CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF ISOTHIOCYANATES USING 2-CHLOROPYRIDINIUM SALT
Authors: Shibanuma Tadao , Shiono Manzo , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: July 2006

Various isothiocyanates are prepared in high yields by treating triethylammonium dithiocarbamates with 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium salt in the presence of triethylamine.
[4+2]-CYCLOADDITIONEN VON AZOALKENEN AN ELEKTRONENREICHE ALKENE
Authors: Sommer Sven
Published: July 2006

Electron-deficient azo-alkenes 1 react with elektron-rich alkenes 2 to yield [4+2]-cycloadducts 3. The regiochemistry and the stereochemistry of the [4+2]-cycloadditions follow from the 1H-NMR-data of the synthesized 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazines.
THE NOVEL OXIDATION OF 1-ALKYLAZULENES TO 1-ACYLAZULENES WITH DDQ
Authors: Amemiya Tamio , Yasunami Masafumi , Takase Kahei
Published: July 2006

The α-methylene group of 1-alkylazulene side-chain is readily oxidized to carbonyl by treatment with DDQ in aq. acetone or dioxane. The reaction provides a convenient method for the conversion of 1-alkylazulenes (1) into 1-acylazulenes (2).
CALCULATION OF PARTIAL PRESSURES ON EACH SULFUR SPECIES IN TOTAL SULFUR VAPOR AT TEMPERATURES FROM 350° TO 1000°C UNDER ONE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
Authors: Wakihara Masataka , Nii Junji , Uchida Takashi , Taniguchi Masao
Published: July 2006

The partial pressures of S2, S3, – S8 in total sulfur vapor under one atmospheric pressure were calculated by reconsidering literature data. The total sulfur pressure consists mainly of the species of S2 at the temperature ranges higher than 650°C. At lower temperatures S7 species besides S8 and S6 becomes important constituent in sulfur vapor.
PHOTOCHEMICAL STUDY ON THE PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY. I .SOLVENT EFFECT ON FLUORESCENCE SPECTRUM OF 8-METHOXYPSORALEN
Authors: Sasaki Masako , Sakata Toshibumi , Sukigara Mitsunori
Published: July 2006

The absorption and fluorescence spectra of 8-methoxypsoralen were investigated in various kinds of solvents. It was found that the emission maximum wavelength and the intensity of fluorescence from π-π* excited 8-methoxypsoralen markedly depend on solvent polarity. A possible energy diagram of 8-methoxypsoralen was discussed.
CYCLIZATION OF POLYENES XXIV. EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTION OF ALBOCEROL SKELETON BY INTRAMOLECULAR ACYLATION OF GERANYLFARNESIC ACID CHLORIDE
Authors: Kato Tadahiro , Suzuki Masanobu , Nakazima Yoshito , Shimizu Kaoru , Kitahara Yoshio
Published: July 2006

Albocerol skeleton (VI) was constructed effectively by intramolecular acylation of geranylfarnesic acid chloride (V). VI was converted to XIII, an analogue of the termite trail pheromone, neocembrene (XII). XIII showed the termite trail pheromone activity.
THE TRANSYLIDATION REACTION OF A SELENONIUM YLIDE WITH SULFIDES
Authors: Tamagaki Seizo , Tamura Katsuyuki , Kozuka Seizi
Published: July 2006

Several dialkylsulfonium ylides were obtained almost quantitatively by the transylidation reaction of dibenzylselenonium cyano(methoxycarbonyl)methylide with alkyl sulfides in the presence of CS2.
NON-CARBONIUM ION CHARACTER OF THE INTERMEDIATE IN THE PUMMERER REACTION OF PHENYLSULFINYLCYCLOPROPANES AND (PHENYLSULFINYLMETHYL)CYCLOPROPANE WITH ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
Authors: Masuda Toshiaki , Numata Tatsuo , Furukawa Naomichi , Oae Shigeru
Published: July 2006

The Pummerer reaction of phenylsulfinylcyclopropanes and (phenylsulfinylmethyl)cyclopropane with acetic anhydride afforded 1-acetoxy-1-(phenylmercapto)cyclopropanes and (α-acetoxyphenylmercaptomethy1)cyclopropane in high yields unlike in the acetolysis of 1-chloro-1-(phenylmercapto)cyclopropanes. Thus, the Pummerer reaction is considered to proceed via an ylide-ylene-ion pair.
THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF MACROCYCLIC LACTONES BY THE USE OF 2-CHLORO-3-METHOXYMETHYL-1-METHYLPYRIDINIUM IODIDE
Authors: Narasaka Koichi , Masui Takashi , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: July 2006

Long chain ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids cyclize to the corresponding lactones in good yields by the treatment with 2-chloro-3-methoxymethyl-1-methylpyridinium iodide (2) and triethylamine in refluxing methylene chloride.
PARTIAL PURIFICATION OF CHLOROPHYLL EXTRACTED FROM SPINACH LEAVES BEFORE CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION AND ISOLATION
Authors: Iriyama Keiji , Shiraki Masaru , Yoshiura Masahiko
Published: July 2006

An effective method for partial purification of chlorophylls using dioxane and washing with 80% (v/v) aqueous methanol before chromatography was studied for the preparative purpose. The chromatographic analysis revealed that the preparation of chlorophylls thus obtained did not contain any leaf yellow pigments which disturbed the isolation of chlorophylls a and b from one another in column chromatography.
REACTION OF HEPTAFLUORO-1-METHYLETHYLZINC IODIDE WITH HALIDES AND ANHYDRIDES OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Authors: Sekiya Akira , Ishikawa Nobuo
Published: July 2006

The reactions of heptafluoro-1-methylethylzinc iodide (1) with fluorides or anhydrides of carboxylic acids were smoothly induced in the presence of pyridine, and aryl or alkyl heptafluoro-1-methylethyl ketones were obtained in good yields. Although the reactivities of benzoyl halides in this reaction were in the order PhCOF> PhCOCl> PhCOBr, benzoyl chloride reacted with 1 smoothly in the presence of zinc fluoride, which converted benzoyl chloride to fluoride in situ.
CHARGE-TRANSFER COMPLEXES OF SOME CHLOROCARBON KETONES
Authors: Matsukura Takefumi , Mano Koichi , Fujino Akira
Published: July 2006

The reactions of five chlorocarbon ketones with N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine or N,N-dimethylaniline were examined. Two of them afforded stable outer complexes with the former amine, while the rests gave very unstable complexes only evidenced by their CT-bands. Substituted products were only obtained in the reactions of all the ketones with the latter.
A NEW TYPE OF AN ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE BASED ON AN ANION EXCHANGE RESIN WITH A HYDROPHOBIC SITE
Authors: Jyo Akinori , Imato Toshihiko , Fukamachi Kazumi , Ishibashi Nobuhiko
Published: July 2006

A new type of an anion-selective electrode has been developed. The sensitive membrane of the electrode is an anion exchange resin impregnated with nitrobenzene. The exchange site of the anion exchange resin is a hydrophobic quaternary ammonium group with a long alkyl chain. The performance of the electrode was comparable to that of usual or commercial liquid anion exchanger membrane electrodes.
CYCLIZATION OF POLYENES XXV. CONFORMATIONAL STUDY OF CEMBRENE TYPE DITERPENES BY X-RAY ANALYSIS
Authors: Kato Tadahiro , Kabuto Chizuko , Kim Keu Hong , Takayanagi Hisao , Uyehara Tadao , Kitahara Yoshio
Published: July 2006

An X-ray crystallographic analysis of 15,16-dehydro epimukulol acetate has revealed that the exact stereostructure is indicated in figure 1, which can be depicted on the modified diamond lattice conformation model as shown in figure 2.
PREPARATION OF CATIONIC DIALKYLCOBALT COMPLEXES [CoR2(bpy)2][AlR4] (R = CH3, C2H5) BY THE REACTIONS OF Co(acac)3 WITH TRIALKYLALUMINUMS IN THE PRESENCE OF 2,2′-BIPYRIDINE
Authors: Yamamoto Takakazu , Bundo Motonori , Yamamoto Akio
Published: July 2006

Stable cationic dialkylcobalt complexes of composition [CoR2(bpy)2][AlR4] (R = CH3, C2H5) were obtained in high yields from mixtures of Co(acac)3, 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy), and trialkylaluminums (Al/Co > 7). Ion exchange reactions of the complexes with Na [B(C6H5)4] afforded [CoR2(bpy)2][B(C6H5)4]·(H2O)n (R: CH3, n=1; C2H5, n=0). Reactions of [CoR2(bpy)2][AlR4] with CH2Cl2 gave [CoR2(bpy)2]Cl·CH2Cl2.
AZAFULVENES 6. CYCLOADDITION REACTION OF 8-AZAHEPTAFULVENE TO ISOCYANATE AND ISOTHIOCYANATE
Authors: Yamamoto Kikuo , Kajigaeshi Shoji , Kanemasa Shuji
Published: July 2006

Eight-alkyl- and 8-aryl-8-azaheptafulvenes, generated in situ or isolated by treatment of the 8-azaheptafulvenium fluoroborates with base, reacted with phenyl, methyl, benzoyl and thiobenzoyl isocyanate to give the corresponding [8+2] cycloadducts, 1,2,3,3a-tetrahydrocyclohept[d]imidazol-2-one derivatives, in good yields. The similar reactions with phenyl and methyl isothiocyanate afforded the different type of cycloadducts, 2-imino-8aH-2,3-dihydrocyclohept[d]thiazoles, which were taken to be derived from addition of the C=S bond in isothiocyanates across the 8π system in 8-azaheptafulvenes. On the other hand, with benzoyl isothiocyanate 8-azaheptafulvenes gave the [8+4] cycloadducts, 10aH-4,5-dihydrocyclohept[f][1,3,5]oxadiazepine-4-thiones, in quantitative yields.
CYCLOADDITION REACTION OF 8-ARYL-8-AZAHEPTAFULVENE TO ACETYLENEDICARBOXYLATE
Authors: Sanechika Ken-ichi , Kajigaeshi Shoji , Kanemasa Shuji
Published: July 2006

The [8+2] cycloaddition reaction of 8-aryl-8-azaheptafulvene to acetylenedicarboxylate, followed by hydrogen shifts or a rearrangement via intramolecular cyclic reaction, yielded 1,4-dihydro-1-azaazulene, 1,6-dihydro-1-azaazulene and 1,2-dihydroquinoline derivative. This reaction was extremely affected by the polarity of solvent.
POLYMORPHISM AND PHASE TRANSITIONS IN A FAMILY OF ORGANIC CONDUCTORS
Authors: Murakami Mutsuaki , Yoshimura Susumu
Published: July 2006

We found that the substituted pyridinium-TCNQ complex salts exhibited a variety of polymorphs and first-order phase transitions. The irreversible transition was correlated to the appearance of polymorphism and nonstoichiometry. The reversible transition manifested itself for specific cations; N-n-propylpyridinium(TCNQ)X and N-n-butylpyridinium(TCNQ)X.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF CYCLIC MONOTERPENES IN HIGHER PLANTS. THE RETENTION OF THE C-5 HYDROGEN ATOMS OF MEVALONATE DURING ITS INCORPORATION INTO THE CYCLIC MONOTERPENES
Authors: Suga Takayuki , Shishibori Tsuyoshi , Hirata Toshifumi
Published: July 2006

The 3H/14C ratio of [5-3H2, 2- 14C]mevalonate was preserved in limonene, perillaldehyde, and camphor biosynthesized by higher plants from the mevalonate. This indicates that the cyclic monoterpenes are biosynthesized through such a pathway that involves the cyclization of such an intermediate as retaining all the C-1 and C-5 tritium atoms of geranyl pyrophosphate derived from the mevalonate.
PHOTOSENSITIZED OXYGENATION OF ALDEHYDE–AMINE MIXTURE. FACILE CARBONYL TRANSFORMATION FROM ALDEHYDE TO AMINE INVOLVING RECYCLIZATION PROCESS
Authors: Ando Wataru , Watanabe Kazuo
Published: July 2006

Photosensitized oxygenation of mixture of various aldehydes and morpholine(piperidine) gave N-formylmorpholine(N-formylpiperidine). When long chain non-branched aldehydes were used, the N-formylamine was obtained in more than 100% yield on the basis of aldehyde. This effective carbonyl transfer to amine includes reproduction of aldehyde.
ANODIC OXIDATION OF E- AND Z-ISOEUGENOL
Authors: Iguchi Masanobu , Nishiyama Atsuko , Hara Masami , Terada Yukimasa , Yamamura Shosuke
Published: July 2006

Anodic oxidation of E- and Z-isoeugenol (1 and 2) in MeOH was carried out at a controlled potential of +800 mV vs SCE, using an undivided cell, to afford oxidation products (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 from 1; 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, and 12 from 2).

Similar treatment of a mixture of Z-isoeugenol (2) and 2,6-dimethoxy-4-allylphenol (13) gave the arylpropanoid (14).
SYNTHESIS OF BENZANNELATED TRISDEHYDRO[10.10.2][14]ANNULENO[14]ANNULENES
Authors: Sakano Koichi , Akiyama Shuzo , Iyoda Masahiko , Nakagawa Masazumi
Published: July 2006

Our recent studies seem to indicate that annulenoannulenes consisting of two same size nuclei should be fused systems of two diatropic moieties. In order to obtain further information on the nature of annulenoannulene, the synthesis of dibenzo- and benzotrisdehydro[14]annuleno[14]annulenes has been performed.
THE LOSS OF CO2 IN EPOXYCHRYSANTHENONE UNDER ELECTRON IMPACT
Authors: Eguchi Shizuko , Uchio Yasuto , Matsuo Akihiko , Nakayama Mitsuru , Hayashi Shûichi
Published: July 2006

Mass spectra of four kinds of bicyclic β,γ-epoxyketones containing gem-dimethyl group were examined. Epoxyvulgarone A and epoxychrysanthenone showed characteristic [M-C2H3O]+ and [M-CO2]\underset.+ ions, while the remaining epoxyketones were abundant only in the [M-C2H3O]+ ion. The ion kinetic energy-defocusing technique revealed that the loss of CO2 from the molecular ion occurs via a lactone type intermediate.
NEW RING OPENING REACTIONS OF THREE MEMBERED HETEROCYCLES, OXIRANES, AZIRIDINES, AND THIIRANES, WITH PHENYL ACETATE
Authors: Funahashi Kazutoshi
Published: July 2006

The reactions of oxirane, aziridine or thiirane with phenyl acetate in the presence of bases such as pyridine, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), and tributylamine afford 2-phenoxyethyl acetate, N-(2-phenoxyethyl)acetamide or S-(2-phenoxyethyl) thioacetate, respectively.
HIGHLY SELECTIVE ISOMERIZATION OF PENTANE WITH AlBr3-METAL SULFATE MIXTURES
Authors: Ono Yoshio , Sakuma Shigeharu , Tanabe Tadashi , Kitajima Nobumasa
Published: July 2006

The mixtures of aluminum bromide and metal sulfate are found to be highly active and highly selective catalysts for the conversion of pentane to isopentane. For example, when 10 ml of pentane was shaked with the equimolar mixture of AlBr3 and Ti2(SO4)3 (7.5 mmol each) at 28°C for 3 hr, isopentane was obtained in a 86% yield with the selectivity of > 99%.
CONCERTED CYCLIZATION OF 4,8-DIMETHYLNONA-3,7-DIENOIC ACID (HOMOGERANIC ACID) TO TRANS-HEXAHYDRO-4,4,7a-TRIMETHYL-2(3H)BENZOFURANONE (TRANS-TETRAHYDROACTINIDIOLIDE)
Authors: Saito Akira , Matsushita Hajime , Tsujino Yasuko , Kisaki Takuro , Kato Kunio , Noguchi Masao
Published: July 2006

Cyclization of 4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienoic acid (homogeranic acid) in the presence of stannic chloride was studied under various conditions. Cyclization product obtained comprises 88 per cent trans- and 12 per cent cis-hexahydro-4,4,7a-trimethyl-2(3H)benzofuranone (trans- and cis-tetrahydroactinidiolide). Other products, such as monocyclic compounds, could not be detected in the reaction mixture. Isomerization of the trans isomer to the cis isomer in the presence of stannic chloride was also observed. It may be concluded that the cyclization reaction proceeds by a concerted mechanism.
A NEW METABOLIC REACTION OF NITROGEN MUSTARDS
Authors: Hata Yoshiteru , Watanabe Masamichi , Matsubara Takashi , Touchi Akira
Published: July 2006

We studied the substituent effect on the metabolism of ortho-, meta- and para-alkoxyaniline mustards. Surprisingly, very high yields of N-chloroethylaniline derivatives from the dechloroethylation reaction of para-alkoxyaniline mustards were obtained. N-2-Chloroethylaniline derivatives converted spontaneously into aziridines in microsomal solution.

The order of the reaction rate of mustards in microsomal solution had a good parallel relationship with that of the antitumor activity of corresponding aniline mustards.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CATALYSTS FOR SIMULTANEOUS CONTROL OF NOx AND SOx IN FLUE GASES
Authors: Sato Toshio , Todo Naoyuki , Kurita Minoru , Hagiwara Hiroyuki , Ueno Akifumi , Nishijima Akio , Kiyozumi Yoshimichi
Published: July 2006

A technique to remove simultaneously NOx and SOx from flue gases of stationary sources was investigated based on the principle that NOx could be reduced by NH3 over a catalyst while SOx removed by forming the sulfate. Of all the oxides employed as catalysts, Mn2O3 was proved to be effective for the removal of SOx . The catalytic activity of Mn2O3 for the NOx reduction was improved by additition of Co3O4. The way of preparing the mixed catalyst in the optimum ratio was developed for the simultaneous removal of NOx and SOx.
A NEW COMPOUND OF δ-MnO2 FAMILY; δ-MnO2(II)
Authors: Yamamoto Naoichi , Higashi Shin-nosuke
Published: July 2006

Black precipitate of so-called δ-MnO2 was found usually to be a mixture of two different kind of compounds (δ-MnO2(I) and δ-MnO2(II)). Crystallographic conversion took place between these compounds in the presence of their mother liquid.
KINETIC ELUCIDATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC PEAKS OF LEADING AND TRAILING SHAPES
Authors: Takeuchi Koji , Kambara Tomihito
Published: July 2006

In general one observes a gas chromatographic peak of leading type at lower temperature and trailing shape at higher temperature. This fact is attributable to the slowness of vaporization and dis-solution rate in the partition process. A mathematical treatment of the kinetics of nonequilibrium partition was developed and the theoretical prediction could clearly elucidate the asymmetric shapes observed at inadequate column temperatures.
ADVANTAGES OF USING DI(p-METHYLBENZYL) HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE IN SYNTHESIS OF AMINOPHOSPHONATES FROM ALDIMINES
Authors: Lukszo Jan , Kowalik Janusz , Mastalerz Przemyslaw
Published: July 2006

Aminophosphonic acids containing groups sensitive to hydrolysis and hydrogenation are obtained easily from aldimines by addition of di(p-methylbenzyl) hydrogen phosphite followed by selective removal of p-methylbenzyl groups by solvolysis with formic acid. Properly chosen substituens at nitrogen are also removed under these conditions and the synthesis of aminophosphonic acids with a free NH2 group was achieved by a two-step procedure.
SUPEROXIDE ION CHEMISTRY. REACTION OF SUPEROXIDE ION WITH 2,4,6-TRISUBSTITUTED PYRYLIUM TETRAFLUOROBORATES
Authors: Kobayashi Shohei , Ando Wataru
Published: July 2006

The reactions between 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrylium tetrafluoroborates with superoxide ion were studied. Three main products, 3,5-disubstituted-2 (3H) -furanone (2), 3-acyl-3, 5-disubstituted-2 (3H)-furanone (3), and 2-acyl-3, 5-disubstituted furan (4), were obtained.
REDUCTION OF INACTIVATED CARBONYL COMPOUNDS BY 1,5-DIHYDROPYRIMIDO[4,5-b]QUINOLINE-2,4(3H,10H)-DIONE (1,5-DIHYDRO-5-DEAZAFLAVIN)
Authors: Yoneda Fumio , Sakuma Yoshiharu , Nitta Yoshihiro
Published: July 2006

1,5-Dihydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline-2,4(3H,10H)-dione (1,5-dihydro-5-deazaflavin) reduced inactivated carbonyl compounds in acetic acid in the presence of hydrochloric acid to yield the corresponding alcohols which were identified as their acetates, while 1,5-dihydro-5-deazaflavin itself was oxidized to 5-deazaflavin.
STRUCTURE REVISION AND BIOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP OF AUBERGENONE, A SESQUITERPENOID PHYTOALEXIN OF EGGPLANTS
Authors: Murai Akio , Abiko Atsushi , Ono Mitsunori , Katsui Nobukatsu , Masamune Tadashi
Published: July 2006

Evidence is presented for structure revision of aubergenone, isolated from diseased eggplants and qualified as a phytoalexin, to 11-hydroxy-4α,5α-eudesm-1-en-3-one (1). A biogenetic pathway to representative stress metabolites of the Solanaceae plants, including aubergenone and rishitinol, is also proposed.
ELECTRIC DIPOLE MOMENT OF 2,4-DI-t-BUTYL-6-METHYL-N-THIOSULFINYLANILINE
Authors: Inagaki Yoshio , Okazaki Renji , Inamoto Naoki , Shimozawa Takashi
Published: July 2006

Electric dipole moments of the title compound and the corresponding sulfinyl and bromo compounds have been determined to be 1.51,2.05, and 1.63 D respectively. From estimated bond moments of S=S (2.60 D) and N=S (0.55 D), charge separation of the N=S=S group has been found to be about half that of the N=S=O group.
A CONVENIENT ROUTE TO 4-ALKYLAMINOMETHYLINDOLE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Somei Masanori , Yamada Fumio , Kaneko Chikara
Published: July 2006

A facile four step synthesis of 4-[N,N-disubstituted]aminomethylindoles 5a–5c from 2-methyl-5-nitroisoquinolinium iodide 1 was described. In the course of the conversion, the mechanism of Hofmann degradation reaction of 2-substituted 2-methyl-5-nitroisoquinolinium salts 3a–3d was discussed.
PREPARATION OF Ca[CrNCS(edta)] BY THE USE OF SOLID-PHASE THERMAL REACTION OF [CrNCS(NH3)5][Ca(edta)]·5H2O
Authors: Tsuchiya Ryokichi , Uemori Yoshio , Uehara Akira , Kyuno Eishin
Published: July 2006

[CrNCS(NH3)5][Ca(edta)]·5H2O was prepared by the reaction of [CrNCS(NH3)5]Cl2 with Na2[Ca(edta)]·3.5H2O. The thermal reaction of the complex in the solid-phase was investigated both nonisothermally and isothermally. It was found that the complex was finally converted into Ca[CrNCS(edta)] upon heating in the solid-phase, which was purified from water as the hexahydrate.
RING CLOSURE REACTION AND MECHANISM OF 3-ALKOXY-2-(2-BENZAMIDOPHENYL) ACRYLATES TO 3-(α-ALKOXYMETHYLENE) OXINDOLES
Authors: Kaneko Chikara , Fujii Harue , Kawai Shinji , Somei Masanori
Published: July 2006

Treatment of the E- and Z-isomers of methyl 3-methoxy-2-(2-benzamidophenyl)aerylate with sodium methoxide in methanol affords the E-isomer of 3-(α-methoxymethylene)oxindole as a common product. A plausible mechanism of the reaction involving 1-benzoyl-3-dimethoxymethyloxindole as a key intermediate is proposed.
ASYMMETRIC TRANSFORMATION OF ALANINE
Authors: Shibata Saizo , Matsushita Hajime , Noguchi Masao , Saburi Masahiko , Yoshikawa Sadao
Published: July 2006

Hydrolysis of an imidazoline derived from (S)-alanine and (S)-aminomethylpyrrolidine afforded (R)-alanine in the optical yield of 93.8 % (e.e.). When the same procedure was applied to (R)-alanine, (R)-alanine (93.2 % e.e.) was obtained. This fact confirms that the asymmetric transformation does not proceed with inversion. Asymmetric transformation of alanine via other imidazolines was also examined.
REACTION OF BENZYLIC AND ALLYLIC HALIDES WITH IRON-CARBONYL CLUSTERS
Authors: Nakanishi Saburo , Oda Toshio , Ueda Tatsuo , Otsuji Yoshio
Published: July 2006

The reaction of p-substituted benzyl chlorides [1] with Fe3(CO)12 in benzene gave p-substituted diphenylmethanes [3] as a major product. However, the reaction of [1] with the Fe3(CO)12-pyridine N-oxide (PyNO) reagent system selectively afforded 1,2-diphenylethane derivatives [2]. Allylic halides [5] reacted with Fe3(CO)12 in benzene to give a mixture of three products including 1,5-hexadiene derivatives [7]. While, treatment of [5] with the Fe3(CO)12-PyNO reagent system led to a selective formation of [7]. The role of PyNO in the above reagent system is discussed.
NEW 14-OXOFURANOEREMOPHILANES AND RELATED SESQUITERPENES FROM SYNEILESIS PALMATA (THUNB.) MAXIM.
Authors: Kuroda Chiaki , Murae Tatsushi , Tada Masahiro , Nagano Hajime , Takahashi Takeyoshi
Published: July 2006

The presence of four new sesquiterpenes, 3β-angeloyloxy-6β-(3-methylbutanoyloxy)-14-oxofuranoeremophilane (1a), 3β,6β-bis(angeloyloxy)-14-oxofuranoeremophilane (1a), 3β-angeloyloxy-6β-(3-methylpentanoyloxy)furanoeremophilan-14-oic acid (2a), and 3β-angeloyloxy-6β-(3-methylbutanoyloxy)furanoeremophilan-14-oic acid (2b) in Syneilesis palmata (THUNB.) MAXIM, is described.
A NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF 1-AMINO-4-BUTYLAMINOANTHRAQUINONE FROM 1-AMINOANTHRAQUINONE PROMOTED BY METAL IONS
Authors: Yoshida Katsuhira , Matsuoka Masaru , Yamashita Yoshio , Kitao Teijiro
Published: July 2006

In the presence of cobalt salts, 1-amino-4-butylaminoanthraquinone was conveniently synthesized from 1-aminoanthraquinone and butylamine in a good yield under mild condition. Some of other metal ions were found to be effective on this amination. The yield was affected by both of the anion component of metal salt and the kind of solvent.
DETERMINATION OF PROTONATION SITE IN 1,N6-ETHENOADENOSINE RESIDUE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: Kuramochi Takao , Inoue Yasuo
Published: July 2006

We have prepared hitherto unknown quaternized derivatives of εAdo1, i.e., m1εAdo+ and m9εAdo+. These are the nontautomerizable model compounds for two possible forms of protonated εAdo, H1εAdo+ and H9εAdo+, respectively. A rough estimate of the [H1εAdo+]/[H9εAdo+] ratio is obtained by comparing the ultraviolet absorption spectra of protonated eAdo and the two nontautomerizable reference compounds. The results of this study will be valuable to resolve literature differences with regard to the fluorescence nature of protonated εAdo.
FORMATION OF PHOSPHORUS YLIDE VIA 1,3-SILYL MIGRATION OF DIMETHYL TRIMETHYLSILYLMETHYLPHOSPHONATE. APPLICATION OF THE PHOSPHONATE TO A WITTIG REACTION
Authors: Sekiguchi Akira , Ando Wataru
Published: July 2006

The reactions of carbonyl compounds with dimethyl trimethylsilylmethylphosphonate gave terminal olefins, dimethyl methylphosphonate, methyl trimethylsilyl methylphosphonate, and dimethyl trimethylsilyl phosphate. Terminal olefins may be formed by a Wittig type reaction of carbonyl compounds with a phosphorus ylide produced via 1,3-silyl migration of dimethyl trimethylsilylmethylphosphonate.
RAMAN SPECTRA OF POLYACETYLENE AND HIGHLY CONDUCTING IODINE-DOPED POLYACETYLENE
Authors: Harada Issei , Tasumi Mitsuo , Shirakawa Hideki , Ikeda Sakuji
Published: July 2006

The Raman spectra of conductive polyacetylene-iodine complexes and their parent polymers have been studied. The trans-rich polyacetylene film contains trans segments of various lengths while the cis-rich polyacetylene film is composed of relatively long cis sequences. The doped iodine takes either the form of (I3−)x or I5−.
(+)-11-DEOXY-13,14-DIHYDRO-13β,11α-EPOXYMETHANO-12-ISOPROSTAGLANDIN F2α FROM AUCUBIN
Authors: Naruto Masanobu , Ohno Kiyotaka , Naruse Norio , Takeuchi Hisashi
Published: July 2006

Synthesis of (+)-11-deoxy-13,14-dihydro-13β,11α-epoxymethano-12-isoprostaglandin F2α from aucubin 1 is described. An aldol-type condensation of cyclic acetal 3a with 2-acetoxy-1-heptene in the presence of TiCl4 is a key step of this synthesis.
REACTION OF ALKYL PHENYL KETONES IN SUPER ACID MEDIA. A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF 4,4-DIALKYL-1-TETRALONE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Yoneda Norihikp , Takahashi Yukio , Suzuki Akira
Published: July 2006

Alkyl phenyl ketones having alkyl group of five or more C atoms are converted into 4,4-dialkyl-1-tetralones in sufficiently good yields via the initial protolysis of C–H bond in alkyl groups giving carbonium ion intermediates which in turn undergo ring closure in the presence of HF–SbF5 super acid media under mild conditions.
TAXILLUSIN, A NEW FLAVONOID GLYCOSIDE ISOLATED FROM TAXILLUS KAEMPFERI
Authors: Sakurai Atsushi , Okumura Yasuaki
Published: July 2006

A new flavonoid glycoside, taxillusin was isolated from Taxillus kaempferi and (2R,3R)-taxifolin-3-β-glucopyranoside-6″-gallate was assigned to this substance from studies on the hydrolysis products and from analyses of the pmr and carbon-13 nmr spectra.
SYNTHESIS OF 1,1′-BIPIPERIDINES BY THE DIRECT N,N-COUPLING OF PIPERIDINES
Authors: Nomura Yujiro , Ogawa Keiichiro , Takeuchi Yoshito , Tomoda Shuji
Published: July 2006

Oxidation of piperidines with aqueous alkaline solution of sodium peroxodisulfate in the presence of silver nitrate gave 1,1′-bipiperidines.
DIVERSITY IN THE BASE-INDUCED PHOTOREACTIONS OF 3-ACETYL-2,4-DIOXOTHIOLANE (3-ACETYLTHIOTETRONIC ACID)
Authors: Saito Kimitoshi , Sato Tadashi
Published: July 2006

Base-induced photolysis of 3-acetyl-2,4-dioxothiolane (3-acetylthiotetronic acid) undergoes (a) reductive ring cleavage or (b) two types of fragmentation with carbon-skeleton rearrangement, depending upon the irradiation conditions. Conceivable reaction schemes were presented.
FORMATION OF CARBAMATE DERIVATIVES BY REACTION OF CHLOROMETHYLOXIRANE OR PHENYLOXIRANE WITH CARBON DIOXIDE AND ALIPHATIC AMINES
Authors: Asano Takashi , Saito Norio , Ito Shota , Hatakeda Kiyotaka , Toda Takashi
Published: July 2006

Reactions of chloromethyloxirane or phenyloxirane with carbon dioxide and aliphatic amines in methanol afforded corresponding hydroxyoxazinone or hydroxycarbamate derivatives under mild conditions.
PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF CHROMATOPHORES AT SOME NOBLE METAL ELECTRODES
Authors: Erabi Tatsuo , Hiura Hisahide , Hayashi Masayoshi , Yamada Masanobu , Endo Tomofumi , Yamashita Jinpei , Tanaka Masaya , Horio Takekazu
Published: July 2006

When the photosynthetic organs, chromatophores, were electrolyzed under light by using some noble metal electrodes, the observed photocurrent depended both on electrode potential and on the concentration of chromatophores. The photocurrent was enhanced by addition of PMS, Methoxy PMS or DCPI to the chromatophore suspension. The mechanism of the photocurrent is also discussed briefly.
ADDITION OF METHYLENE CHLORIDE TO 1-OLEFINS ASSISTED BY DICHLOROBIS(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE)NICKEL(II)
Authors: Inoue Yoshio , Ohno Sigeru , Hashimoto Harukichi
Published: July 2006

The reaction of methylene chloride with 1-olefins assisted by dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II) complex has been found to give 1:1 adducts in considerable yields.
THE PHOTOOXIDATION OF CYCLOHEPTATRIENES SENSITIZED BY α-DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS: AN OCCURRENCE OF DIOXYGENATION REACTION
Authors: Mori Akira , Takeshita Hitoshi
Published: July 2006

The photooxygenation of cycloheptatrienes, sensitized by α-dicarbonyl compounds, produced (6+2)π-, (4+2)π- and (2+2)π-cycloadducts with oxygen. Although the product distributions resembled closely to those of the genuine singlet-oxygen oxidation, it has suffered a quenching by 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, indicating it to be a radical reaction.
SYNERGY IN THE OXIDATION OF AMMONIA WITH METAL OXIDE–Pt/Al2O3MECHANICAL MIXTURES
Authors: Miyamoto Akira , Kosaki Yukio , Murakami Yuichi
Published: July 2006

A new type of synergistic effect between a metal oxide and Pt/Al2O3 was observed in the oxidation of NH3; N2 was selectively produced with a metal oxide–Pt/Al2O3 mixture, whereas the metal oxide with its own oxidized NH3 to NO, NO2 and N2O as well as N2.
NEW SYNTHESIS OF (±)-PESTALOTIN AND (±)-EPIPESTALOTIN
Authors: Izawa Toshio , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: July 2006

A new synthesis for the preparation of (±)-pestalotin (1) and (±)-epipestalotin (1′) was successfully accomplished by utilizing the following two reactions : The partial reduction of 2-benzyloxyhexanoic acid (3) to 2-benzyloxyhexanal (6) via corresponding 3-acylthiazolidine-2-thione 5, and the TiCl4-promoted reaction of the aldehyde 6 with diketene.
A CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF S,S-DIARYL PHOSPHORODITHIOATES
Authors: Hata Tsujiaki , Yamaguchi Kazuo , Honda Shinkichi , Nakagawa Iwao
Published: July 2006

N-Methylpyridinium dichlorophosphate formed from the reaction of methyl phosphorodichloridate with pyridine was treated with aromatic thiols in the presence of triethylamine to give the corresponding S,S-diaryl phosphorodithioates in good yields.
ANALYSIS OF MICROFIBRILLAR STRUCTURE OF COLLAGEN BASED ON α1(I) CHAIN SEQUENCE AND 7/1 HELIX MODEL OF TROPOCOLLAGEN
Authors: Okuyama Kenji , Go Nobuhiro , Takayanagi Motowo
Published: July 2006

Hydrophobic interactions between tropocollagens are analyzed by using the amino acid sequence in α1(I) chain and the 7/1 helix model of tropocollagen. It is concluded that tropocollagens aggregate to form a five-stranded microfibril. The D/11 periodicity of hydrophobic interactions is understood naturally by a pitch of a tropocollagen.
UNUSUAL MODE OF DIMERIZATION OF o-THIOQUINONE METHIDE. ISOLATION OF HEAD-TO-HEAD AND HEAD-TO-TAIL DIMERS
Authors: Okazaki Renji , Ishii Fumio , Sunagawa Kazuhiko , Inamoto Naoki
Published: July 2006

Reaction of o-thioquinone methide (1, R1=R2=CH3) with 2-dimethylamino-3-methyl-1-butene afforded a head-to-tail [4+4] dimer of 1 (2b, R1=R2=CH3). Photoreaction of naphtho [2,3-c] [1,2]dithiole-3-thione with cyclohexene is also described.
TANTALUM–CARBON BOND FORMATION IN THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF TANTALUM DIETHYLAMIDE
Authors: Takahashi Yasutaka , Onoyama Nobuo , Ishikawa Yuichi , Motojima Seiji , Sugiyama Kohzo
Published: July 2006

In the thermal decomposition of pentakis(diethylamido)tantalum, a novel organometallic compound, ethylimino(C,N)tris(diethylamido)tantalum (1), is isolated, which reacts with methyl isocyanate affording the insertion product (4). On heating (1) above 100°C, it decomposes to ethylimido-complex (2) and ethylene. The rate of the reaction is first-order with respect to the complex (1). The activation parameters at 144°C are calculated as ΔH\eweq=26.2 kcal/mole and ΔS\eweq=−8.3 e.u.