bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflective Practice in the Art and Science of Counselling: A Scoping Review
Authors: Taylor Donnalee
Published: March 2023

In the counselling profession, reflective practice is often touted as an essential characteristic of professional development, growth, and professionalism. Yet there remain countless characterisations of what reflective practice is and how best to do it. The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate over two decades of key reflective practice thinking, exploring its benefits, uses, and research findings in the 21st century. The scoping review process identified 47 peer-reviewed publications, seminal publications, and counselling guidelines, which included both quantitative (often seen as more “scientific”) and qualitative (seen as more “artistic”) research findings. The major themes identified in the reflective practice literature were: reflective purpose, reflective practice, reflective writing, quantitative versus qualitative rationale, therapeutic alliance and research results, reflecting practice in counselling, personal and professional development, counsellor self-care, and ethical guidelines.
Applying the Radical Exposure Tapping Protocol in the Treatment of Trauma-Related Emotional Reactivity: A Phenomenological Case Study
Authors: Barna Emil , O'Hara Denis
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to investigate the phenomenological experience of an individual engaged in the Radical Exposure Tapping (RET) protocol (MacKinnon, 2014) for trauma-related emotional reactivity. A single case study design was selected to allow for a comprehensive investigation of the participant’s experience following the administration of the RET protocol. Qualitative methods, including interpretive phenomenological analysis (Smith & Osborn, 2009; Smith & Osborn, 2015), were used as the participant’s experience was of primary importance. Data analysis revealed three superordinate themes resulting from the process of the RET protocol—emotional experiences, memory processing, and vulnerability—with each theme comprising various interrelating subordinate themes. Findings suggested the usefulness of the RET protocol in the reduction of trauma-related emotional reactivity for the case study participant, with relevant limitations discussed. More, however, needs to be known about the outcome reliability and mechanism(s) of change for the RET protocol in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology.
‘PURE EVIL!’: FRAMING BY DEVIL TERMS AND THE MAGA INSURRECTION
Authors:   University of South-Eastern Norway, Isaksen David Erland , Dolidze Tamar ,   Batumi State Maritime Academy
Published: March 2023

The article concerns the impact framing by devil terms in social media has on democratic deliberation. Daniel Kahneman and Richard Weaver have shown how terms with powerful emotional connections, what Weaver calls god-terms and devil-terms, give the readers/audience cues as to how to react to any given situation. We have applied this theoretical framework to discourses in communities supportive of Donald Trump’s election fraud narrative. Our results show how powerful framing terms were used in order to convince supporters that they faced existential threat from a de-facto coup perpetrated by a powerful and evil elite. We also discuss how such strategies may be countered in order to preserve democracies.
DIGITAL ADVERTISING AS MEMETIC PROPAGANDA
Authors:   Politehnica University Timişoara, Ciurel Daniel
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to show the link between rhetoric and memes in advertising discourse. Digital advertising uses memes as availability cascade tools for commercial propaganda. In contemporary economies of attention, it is critical to capture the interest of consumers and memes can help. Memes are cultural units that are passed on to another person or group. Memes have become extremely valuable assets for brands, since they have built-in audiences that recognize and resonate with them. Not only memes can serve as rhetorical loci: repositories of largely shared ideas and beliefs, but also, they can be used as genuine rhetorical concepts.
"PERSPECTIVES IN COMMUNICATION: UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ONLINE DURING THE COVID- 19 PANDEMIC"
Authors:   Rochester University, Cooper Carol
Published: March 2023

In March 2020, Rochester University went online within 72-hours due to the COVID-19 pandemic. By necessity, the focus was on pedagogy rather than being student-centric initially. Several issues arose among students in the mass communication department. First, it became apparent that our “digital natives” did not have some of the presumed skills necessary for online success. A digital divide emerged between students equipped for online learning at home and those students who only had smartphones on which to write their papers and others who had no Internet access at home. Cases of anxiety seemed widespread among students. Faculty in the mass communication department became student-focused and prioritized student engagement and collaborative learning as ways to reduce stress and empower them for online learning.
"ADAPTATION PROBLEMS OF ROMANIAN STUDENTS TO TECHNICAL HIGHER EDUCATION"
Authors:   Politehnica University Timişoara, Todorescu Liliana-Luminița , Dragomir Gabriel-Mugurel ,   Politehnica University Timişoara, Greculescu Anca ,   University Politehnica of Bucharest
Published: March 2023

The current study underlines the main problems students deal with in the first academic year at University POLITEHNICA of Timişoara (UPT) while adjusting to the higher education environment. The adaptation challenges were investigated through 14 panel discussions. The topic assigned was “Students’ adaptation problems in Romanian higher education”. The target group included students in their first academic year, studying at the Faculty of Computer Science (CS), Electrical Engineering and Power Engineering (EE&PE); Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ETIT); Industrial Chemistry and Environment Engineering (ICEE); Mechanics (ME); Production Management and Transport (PMT); Architecture and Urbanism (AU), also doing the Psychological and Pedagogical Training Program. Each panel discussion was made up of 20 students, all 14 panel discussions summing up 280 students, out of which 158 female and 122 male students. The outcomes of the research show that students face different adaptation challenges that may result in a poor insertion into the academic system and education dropout. The adaptation problems identified by the students were diverse: accommodation and food; financial problems; school timetables and calendars (seminars, courses, laboratories and other instructional activities); teacher-student relationship; the teaching-learning-evaluation process, location of study; education for students with special needs and disabilities; administration and secretariats. The present study analyses these queries in order to facilitate the smooth insertion of students into the academic environment and increase student retention.
"THE IMAGE OF AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION: WEST UNIVERSITY OF TIMISOARA "
Authors:   West University of Timișoara, Filimon-Benea Anamaria , Vid Ioana ,   West University of Timișoara
Published: March 2023

The goal of this paper is to analyse the image, a public relation perspective, of an educational institution - West University of Timisoara. The image concept is a key concept in public relations and the sociology of mass communication. The image of an organization is based on creating elements that characterize identity that gives the uniqueness factor. These are the goals, objectives, structure, the staff and organizational culture and their translation into the external environment. The external environment is the general public, clients/customers, suppliers, partners, and not least by the media (Vid 2016, p.29). The image is the representation: “which was formed as a sum of beliefs, attitudes, opinions, prejudices, experiences and expectations to groups of people or within the public opinion on a natural or legal person, institution or organization” (Iorgu 2011). According to Roger Mucchielli picture is “a representation or an idea which is formed by individuals of an environment or of a segment of the public – due to reception of information about a social object. In the image case, it is about an opinion or an attitude whose roots are mostly irrational” (Iorgu 2011). We analyse the current image of West University of Timisoara. The overall objective of the analysis is to identify all the instruments that UVT uses to communicate with its public. The adequate tools for studying such an approach are the following: observation and content analysis.
"APPROACHES TO HATE SPEECH IN CYBERSPACE. A METADISCURSIVE ANALYSIS"
Authors:   Politehnica University Timişoara, Suciu Lavinia , Muguras Mocofan ,   Politehnica University Timişoara
Published: March 2023

The new communication technologies, which are in constant evolution, overwhelm the current communication interaction, from the enunciation level and the overlapping of interactive roles to the multi-modality of the message and the proliferation of forms of representation and signification. This is the context in which researchers' concerns focus not only on the changes in communication but also on the new trends in its evolution. At this level, we include the study of verbal and non-verbal behaviours, the ways of conceptualization and of alternative representation of content. From this perspective, the present paper focuses on analysing the results of a project aimed at creating an education campaign on intolerance in the cyberspace that was conducted by first year students at the master's degree specialization Communication, public relations and digital media. The articles reflect the students’ attitude towards the phenomenon known as cyberbullying, they are targeted at young people and are transmitted in the digital environment. Our study proposes a metadiscursive analysis of the 47 papers, aiming at revealing the way in which students build and transmit a message about a serious problem that is currently taking place in the digital environment. The approach taken allowed us to identify certain particularities in the communication of the young people, and, as a result, some benchmarks can be drawn regarding the achievement of the desired effect in the communication targeted at the youth.
Performance and emission analysis of hydrogen and natural gas cofiring in combined cycle gas turbine power generation
Authors: Sitanggang Ruly
Published: March 2023

The use of clean, abundant, and sustainable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, is a strategy to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels and the danger of exposure to potentially harmful pollutants. However, increases in renewable energy utilisation might burden a power infrastructure due to its intermittent and variable characteristics. The intermittency of such renewables can be supported by a gas turbine power plant, especially if the gas turbines are fuelled with fuel that does not produce carbon emission. Using thermodynamic modelling software, this paper explains the technology and evaluates the performance of an existing natural gas fuelled CCGT plant in North Sumatera, Indonesia, if the facility is cofired with hydrogen. Hydrogen has a greater reactivity in comparison to natural gas, and related technological issues with hydrogen include faster flame speed, a higher adiabatic flame temperature, shorter autoignition delay periods, a broader flammability range, and increased volumetric fuel flow rate. Thermodynamic modelling demonstrates that plant production increases with the addition of H2 to the cofiring mixture, but CO2 emissions decrease.
Numerical Modeling of the Low-Medium Frequency Vibration and Acoustic Radiation of Underwater Vehicles
Authors: Zou Ming-Song , Xie Zhen-Wu , Jiang Ling-Wen
Published: March 2023

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Considering the main structures of typical underwater vehicles, three types of numerical model are established, including the beam model, the shell-beam model, and the whole shell model. The results of the three models are compared during the analyses of global vibration, local vibration of cabins, and underwater acoustic radiation. Giving consideration to both the computational cost and accuracy, the proposed shell-beam model is appropriate for the calculation of low-medium frequency acoustic radiation of the main structures of underwater vehicles. The rationality and the frequency range of application of the shell-beam model are verified by calculating the fluid-structure coupling vibration response and the underwater acoustic radiation of the hull subjected to the transverse load excitation, which also demonstrate the significance of this model in engineering practice.

Introduction

The calculation research on the acoustic radiation of typical underwater vehicle structures can be generally divided into three types based on the calculation methods: analytical methods (Caresta & Kessissoglou 2009), numerical methods, and analytical-numerical hybrid methods (Zhu et al. 2014; Meyer et al. 2016; Qu et al. 2017). The analytical methods can be used for the study of basic laws and mechanisms, and can also be treated as benchmarks for numerical algorithms. However, when it comes to real ships with complex structures, it is difficult to accurately predict the forced vibration and underwater acoustic radiation characteristics by analytical methods. Previously, due to the limitation of the computer hardware, a whole ship was usually simplified as a free–free beam of variable cross section (the hull beam) when conducting the analysis of global vibration. In recent years, with the development of computer technology, whole shell models are usually established during analyses of the low-medium frequency vibration and acoustic radiation of underwater vehicles.
An Investigation on the Effect of Sea Currents on Weather Routing Optimisation
Authors: Kytariolou Ageliki , Themelis Nikos
Published: March 2023

In the present study, a preliminary investigation for the effect of sea currents on the identification of the optimal route utilising a developed weather routing tool is presented. The contribution of sea currents can be either positive when a moving vessel goes towards their flow and consequently time and fuel are potentially saved, or negative when moving against their flow affecting ship’s speed and consumption notably. The developed weather routing tool is based on a physics-based model for the calculation of main engine’s fuel oil consumption considering the forecasted weather along the route as well as ship characteristics. Several strategies for the treatment of the currents are examined reflecting different fuel oil and time savings.
Prevention of Scarring of Lung Parenchyma in COVID-19 Patients through Glucocorticoid Treatment
Authors: Bozkurt Nurgul , Yalcin Ata N
Published: March 2023

Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the impact of glucocorticoid treatment on preventing scarring of lung parenchyma in COVID-19 patients by considering their health behavior. Methods: A sample of 65 Turkish patients who had pneumonia and were
hospitalized between March/December 2020 were included in this research. The data for this research was collected after the consent of the hospital. The structural equation model approach was used in data analysis and empirical findings. Results: The research identified that the patients
with appropriate health behavior were satisfied with their clinical treatment of scarring of lung parenchyma by the method of glucocorticoid treatment. The research also identified that the patient's health behavior was a significant indicator to improve their perception of the clinical treatment.
Conclusion: This study has reliable theoretical implications that are significantly important in the literature because of the nature and uniqueness of the findings. However, this research also has some practical implications related to the patient's lungs mostly infected by COVID-19.
Furthermore, the findings of this research can be generalized in a significant way because the respondents of this research belonged to a diverse population.
A Structural Analysis of the Effects on the Lifestyle and Health Status of Exercise Class Participants Owing to COVID-19 Prevention Measures
Authors: Chijiki Shoko , Tanabe Kai , Tsukao Akiko , Kuno Shinya
Published: March 2023

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to clarify and measure the interrelationships among decrease in communication, exercise, and physical and mental health under COVID-19 prevention measures, restricting individuals from going out of the house. Methods: Participants included
540 middle-aged and older adults who are regular exercise class members. The survey was conducted between April 15 and May 10, 2020. For the self- administered questionnaire survey, a municipal employee of City A and an exercise instructor visited the home of each participant to collect the
survey data. The survey items were sex, age, limitation of going out, feeling of inactivity, interaction with others, health status, and forgetfulness; a covariance structural analysis was performed to clarify the interrelationship between lifestyle and health status. Results: Restrictions
on going out due to the COVID-19 prevention measures were associated with the physical and mental health of middle-aged and older adults who regularly attended exercise classes because they enforced inactivity and decreased the frequency of conversation. Conclusions: Several waves
of COVID-19 may arrive in Japan in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to implement measures to prevent secondary health damage and not focus only on infection prevention.
Internet Media and Universal Trust: An Analysis of the Impact on the Psychology of Social Interaction among Chinese Netizens
Authors: Gao Di , Fu Zheng
Published: March 2023

Objectives: With the rapid advancement of the "Internet +" era, network media have an increasingly greater influence on human production and lifestyle. However, the network security situation has become more serious, which has affected the trust of netizens in society. In this
study, we explore the interaction between online media and universal trust, and further analyze the social psychological impact on Chinese netizens. Methods: We collected data from the "China General Social Survey" (CGSS) in 2017, using a 4-stage unequal probability sampling. We set
3 hypotheses and used a binary logistic regression model for data analysis. Results: We found that the universal trust of respondents who use online media as their main source of information is lower than that of traditional media, while social interaction and class status have a significant
weakening effect on the negative impact of online media and its universal trust. Conclusions: These results contribute to further expansion of the theoretical and practical implications. The use of data ensures robust research conclusions; we propose factors that increase Chinese netizens'
trust in online media.
Universidades 360. La vinculación de tiempos, espacios y agentes sociales, educativos y comunitarios
Authors: Baig Marc , González-Ceballos Irene , Esteban-Guitart Moisés
Published: March 2023

The objective of this article is to describe and illustrate the “Universities 360 project”, which has the purpose of identifying, developing and evaluating experiences in higher education that involve close collaboration with the environment. The alliance and vision of "Education 360 - full-time education" stands as a hermeneutical framework of the proposal regarding the principles of learning throughout life, as well as the need to articulate social, educational and community agents across time and settings to promote sense learning with high both personal and social values. In particular, twelve experiences are illustrated that involve the implementation of different strategies (co-teaching, co-design, service-learning, challenge-based learning) aimed at contextualizing educational practice. This proposal is discussed in the framework of recent UNESCO reports around the consideration of education as a global public and common good, in addition to the need to establish new consensus and social agreements in education.

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en describir e ilustrar el proyecto Universidades 360 que tiene el propósito de identificar, desarrollar y evaluar experiencias en educación superior que supongan un estrecho trabajo de colaboración con el entorno. La alianza y visión “Educació 360 - educació a temps complet” se erige como marco hermenéutico de la propuesta a propósito de los principios de aprendizaje a lo largo y ancho de la vida, así como la necesidad de articular tiempos, espacios y actores sociales, educativos y comunitarios con el fin de fomentar aprendizajes con sentido y valor tanto personal como social. Se ilustran, en particular, doce experiencias que suponen la implementación de distintas estrategias (codocencia, codiseño, aprendizaje servicio, aprendizaje basado en retos) encaminadas a contextualizar la práctica educativa. Se discute dicha propuesta en el marco de los recientes informes de la UNESCO alrededor de la consideración de la educación como un bien público y común planetario, además de la necesidad de establecer nuevos consensos y acuerdos sociales en educación.
Los proyectos colaborativos Universidad-territorio: principios y prácticas de educación-investigación- acción necesarias para la transformación social
Authors: Mancila Iulia , Habegger Lardoeyt Sabina Andrea
Published: March 2023

This article presents some reflections regarding the theoretical, methodological and practical potentialities of university-territory collaboration, as they have been experienced in several collaborative projects in which an attempt has been made to unite teaching with critical research and socio-educational action. Furthermore, we present the characteristics of these initiatives, their theoretical foundations and the principles of action. Specifically, we identify, value and reflect on ten principles that have permeated each project in its three dimensions (teaching-research-action): 1. principle of inclusion, 2. principle of dialogue and creation of spaces for interrelation, 3. principle of creativity, 4. values-based principles, 5. principle of dynamic process, 6. principle of transparency, 7. strategic principle, the importance of Strong Ideas, 8. principle of change and transformation, 9. principle of democratic control and 10. principle of systematization and dissemination of Good Practices. Finally, we present some of the tensions and difficulties in the implementation of these principles, as well as some future perspectives that open in promoting collaborative, transformative practices between the university and the territory.

En este artículo se presentan unas reflexiones con respecto a las potencialidades teóricas, metodológicas y prácticas de la colaboración Universidad - territorio, tal como se han vivenciado en varios proyectos colaborativos en los que se ha intentado aunar en un marco común, la docencia, la investigación crítica y la acción socio-educativa. En este sentido, presentamos las características de dichas iniciativas, sus fundamentos teóricos y los principios de actuación. En concreto, identificamos, valoramos y reflexionamos sobre 10 principios que han atravesado cada proyecto en sus tres dimensiones (docencia-investigación-acción): 1. principio de inclusión; 2. principio de diálogo y creación de espacios para interrelación: 3. principio de creatividad: 4. principio de valores como pieza que fundamenta los procesos; 5. principio de proceso dinámico; 6. principio de transparencia; 7. principio estratégico, la importancia de las Ideas Fuerza; 8. principio de acción transformadora; 9. principio de supervisión democrático y, por último, 10. principio de sistematización, difusión de Buenas Prácticas. Por último, presentamos algunas de las tensiones y dificultades en la implementación de dichos principios, así como algunas perspectivas de futuro que se abren para promover prácticas colaborativas, transformadoras entre la universidad y el territorio.
A note on edge irregularity strength of firefly graph
Authors:   Department of Science & Humanities, PES University, Salma Umme , Nagesh H. M. ,   Department of Science & Humanities, PES University, Prahlad D. ,   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, PES University
Published: March 2023

Let $G$ be a simple graph. A vertex labeling $\psi:V(G) \rightarrow \{1, 2,\ldots,\alpha\}$ is called $\alpha$-labeling. For an edge $uv \in G$, the weight of $uv$, written $z_{\psi}(uv)$, is the sum of the labels of $u$ and $v$, i.e., $z_{\psi}(uv)=\psi(u)+\psi(v)$. A vertex $\alpha$-labeling is said to be an edge irregular $\alpha$-labeling of $G$ if for every two distinct edges $a$ and $b$, $z_{\psi}(a) \neq z_{\psi}(b)$. The minimum $\alpha$ for which the graph $G$ contains an edge irregular $\alpha$-labeling is known as the edge irregularity strength of $G$ and is denoted by $\es(G)$. In this paper, we find the exact value of edge irregularity strength of different cases of firefly graph $F_{s,t,n-2s-2t-1}$ for any $s \geq 1, t \geq 1, n-2s-2t-1 \geq 1 $.
On the normative advantages of dopamine and striatal opponency for learning and choice
Authors: Jaskir Alana , Frank Michael J
Published: March 2023

The basal ganglia (BG) contribute to reinforcement learning (RL) and decision-making, but unlike artificial RL agents, it relies on complex circuitry and dynamic dopamine modulation of opponent striatal pathways to do so. We develop the OpAL* model to assess the normative advantages of this circuitry. In OpAL*, learning induces opponent pathways to differentially emphasize the history of positive or negative outcomes for each action. Dynamic DA modulation then amplifies the pathway most tuned for the task environment. This efficient coding mechanism avoids a vexing explore–exploit tradeoff that plagues traditional RL models in sparse reward environments. OpAL* exhibits robust advantages over alternative models, particularly in environments with sparse reward and large action spaces. These advantages depend on opponent and nonlinear Hebbian plasticity mechanisms previously thought to be pathological. Finally, OpAL* captures risky choice patterns arising from DA and environmental manipulations across species, suggesting that they result from a normative biological mechanism.
Pathogenic mechanisms of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC)
Authors: Sherif Zaki A , Gomez Christian R , Connors Thomas J , Henrich Timothy J , Reeves William Brian ,   RECOVER Mechanistic Pathway Task Force
Published: March 2023

COVID-19, with persistent and new onset of symptoms such as fatigue, post-exertional malaise, and cognitive dysfunction that last for months and impact everyday functioning, is referred to as Long COVID under the general category of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PASC is highly heterogenous and may be associated with multisystem tissue damage/dysfunction including acute encephalitis, cardiopulmonary syndromes, fibrosis, hepatobiliary damages, gastrointestinal dysregulation, myocardial infarction, neuromuscular syndromes, neuropsychiatric disorders, pulmonary damage, renal failure, stroke, and vascular endothelial dysregulation. A better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying PASC is essential to guide prevention and treatment. This review addresses potential mechanisms and hypotheses that connect SARS-CoV-2 infection to long-term health consequences. Comparisons between PASC and other virus-initiated chronic syndromes such as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome will be addressed. Aligning symptoms with other chronic syndromes and identifying potentially regulated common underlining pathways may be necessary for understanding the true nature of PASC. The discussed contributors to PASC symptoms include sequelae from acute SARS-CoV-2 injury to one or more organs, persistent reservoirs of the replicating virus or its remnants in several tissues, re-activation of latent pathogens such as Epstein–Barr and herpes viruses in COVID-19 immune-dysregulated tissue environment, SARS-CoV-2 interactions with host microbiome/virome communities, clotting/coagulation dysregulation, dysfunctional brainstem/vagus nerve signaling, dysautonomia or autonomic dysfunction, ongoing activity of primed immune cells, and autoimmunity due to molecular mimicry between pathogen and host proteins. The individualized nature of PASC symptoms suggests that different therapeutic approaches may be required to best manage specific patients.
Learning more about hepatitis E virus
Authors: Dearborn Altaira D , Kumar Ashish , Marcotrigiano Joseph
Published: March 2023

A domain in the ORF1 polyprotein of the hepatitis E virus that was previously thought to be a protease is actually a zinc-binding domain.
Semantic-visual shared knowledge graph for zero-shot learning
Authors: Yu Beibei , Xie Cheng , Tang Peng , Li Bin
Published: March 2023

Almost all existing zero-shot learning methods work only on benchmark datasets (e.g., CUB, SUN, AwA, FLO and aPY) which have already provided pre-defined attributes for all the classes. These methods thus are hard to apply on real-world datasets (like ImageNet) since there are no such pre-defined attributes in the data environment. The latest works have explored to use semantic-rich knowledge graphs (such as WordNet) to substitute pre-defined attributes. However, these methods encounter a serious “role=“presentation”>domain shift” problem because such a knowledge graph cannot provide detailed enough semantics to describe fine-grained information. To this end, we propose a semantic-visual shared knowledge graph (SVKG) to enhance the detailed information for zero-shot learning. SVKG represents high-level information by using semantic embedding but describes fine-grained information by using visual features. These visual features can be directly extracted from real-world images to substitute pre-defined attributes. A multi-modals graph convolution network is also proposed to transfer SVKG into graph representations that can be used for downstream zero-shot learning tasks. Experimental results on the real-world datasets without pre-defined attributes demonstrate the effectiveness of our method and show the benefits of the proposed. Our method obtains a +2.8%, +0.5%, and +0.2% increase compared with the state-of-the-art in 2-hops, 3-hops, and all divisions relatively.
Epoch and accuracy based empirical study for cardiac MRI segmentation using deep learning technique
Authors: Das Niharika , Das Sujoy
Published: March 2023

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique to analyse the structure and function of the heart. It was enhanced considerably over several years to deliver functional information for diagnosing and managing cardiovascular disease. CMRI image delivers non-invasive, clear access to the heart and great vessels. The segmentation of CMRI provides quantification parameters such as myocardial viability, ejection fraction, cardiac chamber volume, and morphological details. In general, experts interpret the CMR images by delineating the images manually. The manual segmentation process is time-consuming, and it has been observed that the final observation varied with the opinion of the different experts. Convolution neural network is a new-age technology that provides impressive results compared to manual ones. In this study convolution neural network model is used for the segmentation task. The neural network parameters have been optimized to perform on the novel data set for accurate predictions. With other parameters, epochs play an essential role in training the network, as the network should not be under-fitted or over-fitted. The relationship between the hyperparameter epoch and accuracy is established in the model. The model delivers the accuracy of 0.88 in terms of the IoU coefficient.
Raptors bred in captivity: semen characteristics and assisted reproduction outcome in goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)
Authors: Fausto Anna Maria , Taddei Anna Rita , Batocco Federica , Belardinelli Maria Cristina , Carcupino Marcella , Schiavone Achille , Saia Sergio , Castillo Annelisse , Marzoni Margherita
Published: March 2023

Three sexually mature goshawks reared in captivity and imprinted on humans to express reproductive behavior according to the cooperative method were studied for three consecutive breeding seasons to assess the quality of their sperm. The following parameters were analyzed: ejaculate volume and sperm concentration, motility, viability, and morphology. Ejaculate volume, sperm concentration and motility fluctuated along the reproductive season, revealing the greatest quality of the reproductive material at full springtime (i.e., April). Motility of the sperm collected in March strongly reduced with age, contrary to samples collected in April or May. Sperm viability was not influenced by either age or month of collection within each season. Ultrastructural investigations provided information on normal sperm morphology for the first time in this species. The morphological categories of sperm defects in fresh semen, present at low percentages, are also described. Functional analyses (perivitelline membrane assay and artificial inseminations) confirmed the good quality of the semen obtained using the cooperative method. The reported data provide the basis for further studies aimed at developing protocols to improve the outcome of artificial insemination and semen cryopreservation in the goshawk as well as other bird of prey species.
Diferencias en los conflictos socio-ambientales asociados al sector productivo minero en Chile: el caso de las fundiciones Ventanas y Chagres
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Rivas Guíñez Fernanda
Published: March 2023

Ventanas y Chagres son dos fundiciones de cobre históricas en Chile, identificadas como las precursoras de los conflictos socio-ambientales en el país. Sin embargo, son escasos los estudios interdisciplinares que analizan por qué la magnitud de ambos conflictos fue diferente. El objetivo general de esta investigación fue exponer factores que explicaran las diferencias observadas en los conflictos socio-ambientales de las fundiciones de interés. Los principales resultados demuestran que el Estado, a través de Decretos Supremos, controló más a la fundición de Chagres, obligando a la empresa privada a mejorar sus procesos productivos. A raíz de esto, existieron diferencias en las emisiones de SO2 y MP10, que se debieron principalmente a las tecnologías ocupadas por cada fundición y no a diferencias en la producción. También, se evidenció que las matrices ambientales de Puchuncaví y Catemu son distintas, por lo que la intensidad del daño en suelos y cursos de agua fue diferente, evidenciándose que los niveles de contaminación y acidez en suelos y lluvia fueron mayores en Puchuncaví. A pesar de esto, el conflicto social en esta zona se produjo 30 años después del conflicto en Catemu. Esto podría explicarse por la cultura minera de Catemu y el recuerdo de los efectos de una fundición de cobre sobre el ambiente y personas, incentivando a la comunidad a movilizarse en contra de la fuente contaminante. Se concluye que los conflictos socio-ambientales generados por las fundiciones Ventanas y Chagres dependieron fundamentalmente de la distinta presencialidad del Estado en el proceso y al respaldo de este a la comunidad, a las diferencias en inversión en tecnología y en el contexto socio-económico y ambiental local.
De paraíso agrario a "zona de sacrificio" : la bahía de Quintero como unidad de paisaje en resistencia
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Pizarro Osorio Javiera
Published: March 2023

El llamar a la Bahía de Quintero un paraíso agrario implica hablar de una cualidad estética del paisaje, que actualmente no se visualiza en esta zona. La crisis medioambiental a causa de la contaminación del clúster industrial alojado en la bahía ha degradado los sistemas ecológicos que permitieron el surgimiento de este territorio como balneario, zona de producción agraria y pesquera y punto turístico de la v región. Este paisaje alimentó y ayudó a hacer visible la identidad de la región, pero la poca monumentalidad contribuyó con la modificación de este hacia una realidad industrial y totalizadora. La existencia de la crisis medioambiental en las comunas de Puchuncaví y Quintero es evidente, siendo la desaparición del material vegetal el primer indicio que evidenció la toxicidad. Pese a que este sitio está siendo sentenciado como ‘zona de sacrificio’, existen elementos que demuestran la resistencia por parte de su sistema ecológico. Una resistencia que se expondrá mediante los relatos históricos, elementos geográficos e hídricos, permitiendo que desde esta lectura se identifiquen las trazas y relictos. A partir de la mirada de Jonh Dixon Hunt, de los relatos de Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna y Mary Graham, de los tratados de Virgilio, de los sitios perturbados de Elizabeth Meyer, entre otros autores, se entenderá la dinámica del territorio, para comprenderlo como una unidad geográfica, social y ecológica a partir de sus elementos de paisaje.
Del campus segregado al campus integrado : regeneración urbana e integración social en subcentro universitario Vicuña Mackenna
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Estudios Urbanos, Riquelme Briones Sofía Carolina
Published: March 2023

La universidad no siempre ha aportado en las dinámicas espaciales y sociales de la ciudad, no siempre se ha considerado urbana y en algunos casos, aún se mantiene en una condición segregada de su entorno y la trama que las contiene. En el desarrollo de nuestras ciudades, la contribución de las universidades - en sus entidades públicas y privadas - ha consolidado parte del trazado urbano a través de diversas intervenciones. El presente, pretende cuestionar el rol de estas instituciones a nivel urbano, principalmente a través de los campus. Al día de hoy, es interesante analizar las relaciones - existentes o no - entre ciudad y universidad, poniendo atención en las formas en las que los establecimientos educacionales han dispuesto vincularse con su entorno urbano. A partir de esto, se problematiza el nivel de integración de los campus universitarios con la trama existente, estudiando la segregación de aquellos campus autónomos y cerrados que en su condición de pieza aislada y mono-funcional, no estarían contribuyendo a los contextos urbanos ya consolidados donde se instauran. Se propone que la acción de las universidades en los campus segregados de la ciudad - y sus contextos inmediatos - mediante la intervención de áreas desactivadas, deterioradas y en desuso, podría aportar en importantes consecuencias de regeneración urbana e hipe-integración social y espacial. Esto, a través de la intervención de bordes y centro en la escala de campus, y la incorporación de usos mixtos y vivienda integrada a nivel barrial y de pieza urbana. Por lo que se contribuiría a la densificación y consolidación de un barrio en estado de transformación, hacia un nuevo subcentro urbano del tipo universitario. Como caso de estudio se presenta el Sector Universitario Vicuña Mackenna, caracterizado por la sumatoria de establecimientos de educación superior - del tipo campus segregado - que se han ido instaurando en esta zona de Santiago. Su actual crecimiento es intenso y de alta ocupación, sosteniendo la posibilidad de integración mediante la incorporación de vivienda y usos mixtos, por lo que se contribuiría a la densificación y consolidación de un barrio en estado de transformación, a un nuevo Subcentro Urbano del tipo Universitario.
Vivienda psicológicamente saludable para ciudades más humanas : luz natural en espacios emocionantes, enfoque desde la Neuroarquitectura
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Guzmán Vergara Daniela Paz
Published: March 2023

La salud no es solo falta de enfermedad, si no que más bien, un completo estado de bienestar físico, social y psicológico. El entorno construido puede afectarnos directamente en estas 3 áreas y con esto, incidir en nuestra salud. Recientes estudios de neurociencias han comprobado que el diseño de los espacios tiene una íntima relación con la neurogénesis y neuroplasticidad cerebral a lo largo de toda la vida. A través de los sentidos (internos y externos) sentimos este espacio, otorgándole la información necesaria al cerebro para su entendimiento y reacción involuntaria, lo que tiene un efecto directo en nuestro sistema neuronal, pudiendo modificar las condiciones físicas, fisiológicas y emocionales del habitante, siendo capaz incluso de generar reservas cognitivas suficientes para prevenir - y en algunas de ellas incluso sanar - patologías mentales como estrés crónico, depresión, deterioro cognitivo precoz, demencia senil, comportamientos violentos, entre otras. La vivienda del futuro debe perseguir y entregar como soporte mínimo un espacio saludable, no sólo físico, sino que también psicológico. Para esto, es fundamental entender cómo los elementos arquitectónicos que conforman el espacio diseñado pueden afectar emocionalmente a sus habitantes. A partir del avance del proceso incremental de Villa Altué Sur de la comuna de Renca, se desarrolla un estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo, sobre cómo las modificaciones espaciales producto de la incrementalidad que ha permitido la tipología de hileras con patios delantero y trasero, han afectado negativamente en el ingreso y percepción de la luz natural en sus interiores, empobreciendo la estimulación del sentido externo de la vista y con ello, los sentidos internos relacionados a ella, como el sentido interno Háptico; De esta manera se busca establecer un nexo exploratorio entre la estimulación sensorial producida por el espacio construido, las emociones positivas y negativas y sus posibles efectos en la salud, viéndose a través de la entrevista y mediciones biométricas faciales realizadas a los habitantes de las casas, que los espacios con luz natural deficiente provocaron emociones negativas, y por el contrario, espacios con suficiente iluminación, emociones positivas, lo que es importante ya que diversos estudios de neurociencias relacionan las emociones positivas a salud psicológica y por el contrario, a las emociones negativas como potenciales desarrolladores de enfermedad.
Efecto del acceso a la electricidad a menor costo en EEUU en la innovación eléctrica a principios del siglo XX
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Economía, Fugellie Carreño Raúl Lucas
Published: March 2023

Se estudia el efecto que tuvo la masificación de la electricidad en la forma de innovar en EEUU a principios del Siglo XX, empleando una estrategia de Diferencias en diferencias, la cual explota como fuentes de variación el acceso diferenciado que tienen los condados a la electricidad más barata y la intensidad en el uso de la energía que tienen los distintos sectores industriales.
Implementación de un nuevo sello institucional en un liceo emblemático de la comuna de Curicó: participación, visión común y liderazgo
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Cavieres Gutiérrez Nicolás Aníbal
Published: March 2023

El rol del líder debe ser promover una visión común y cohesión dentro de una comunidad educativa. Por lo mismo, es necesario generar instancias para que todos los miembros de la comunidad participen activamente de la construcción del establecimiento que se desea, ya sea desde el proyecto curricular, imaginario y proyección hacia el exterior. El presente proyecto corresponde a una investigación profesional que se desarrolló en un liceo emblemático de la comuna de Curicó con el propósito de construir una visión común en torno a la implementación participativa de un nuevo sello educativo por parte de estudiantes, docentes, asistentes y directivos. Se implementaron diversas prácticas en donde todos pudieron participar, ya sea en la toma de decisiones como en las diferentes instancias vinculadas al proyecto educativo. Se concluye que la incorporación activa de la comunidad educativa en diversas instancias del quehacer del establecimiento genera cohesión interna, altos grados de adherencia al proyecto y formación de una sólida identidad que, sin la participación de los estamentos, no sería igualmente posible.
Evaluación de técnicas de interacción para comparación de mapas de densidad multiclase
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Svicarovic Rodríguez Lukas
Published: March 2023

En el presente trabajo de tesis se realiza la evaluación de técnicas de interacción para tareas de comparación entre dos mapas de densidad multiclase y se estudian las variables que pueden influir en el rendimiento. Las técnicas de interacción son cuatro: Juxtapose (JX), Translucent Overlay (TO), Swipe (SW) y Magic Lens (ML). Los datos usados en el estudio de usuario para realizar las tareas de comparación corresponden a robos de vehículos de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile, pertenecientes a la Asociación de Aseguradoras de Chile (AACh), específicamente tipos de vehículo y marcas de auto. Las tareas de comparación corresponden a la resolución de preguntas de distinta dificultad (fácil, medio y difícil) y cantidad de comunas a comparar (una o dos). A través de encuestas, se recolecta información previa de los usuarios para ver el efecto del conocimiento previo en el estudio.
Estrategias de tamizaje oncológico basadas en medicina de precisión : análisis de las perspectivas de actrices y actores claves
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Medicina, Corsi Sotelo Óscar Felipe
Published: March 2023

Chile ha experimentado un aumento de la mortalidad por enfermedades neoplásicas a pesar de las distintas políticas aplicadas. Tras los avances de la genómica se ha propuesto aprovechar sus beneficios para prevenir y optimizar el cuidado de los pacientes. El área del tamizaje oncológico es una de las áreas promisorias. Pregunta de investigación: ¿Cuáles son las perspectivas de los/as actores/actrices clave nacionales sobre el uso de la medicina de precisión y la medicina genómica como parte de una estrategia de tamizaje oncológico en Chile? Metodología: El proyecto consistió en dos módulos: el primero fue una revisión de la literatura para entregar un contexto, abarcando literatura económica internacional, biomédica nacional y guías de práctica clínica. La segunda parte consistió en 21 entrevistas semiestructuradas a representantes de 7 áreas de interés a las que se aplicó un análisis temático. Resultados: Existe evidencia de la costo efectividad de la implementación de tamizaje basado en detección de BRCA en distintas poblaciones, lo que está incluido en las guías de práctica clínica. La investigación biomédica en Chile se concentra en cáncer de mama (BRCA) y síndrome de Lynch. Los/as entrevistados/as tienen en general una opinión favorable en el tema e identifican riesgos a nivel del sistema de salud, conflictos éticos, técnicos y psicológicos. Asimismo, creen que se deben regular aspectos de la prestación clínica, la cobertura y la investigación, particularmente: (1) limitar la implementación a programas de alto riesgo oncológico basado en mutaciones de alta penetrancia; (2) asegurar el acceso a la cadena de cuidados -entregando protección financiera y cobertura territorial a los test genéticos/genómicos y las intervenciones derivadas-; (3) proteger la privacidad y evitar la discriminación -incluyendo la entrega de información a familiares-; (4) formar investigadores y profesionales de salud competentes para aplicar la medicina de precisión y educar a la población en sus implicancias. Por último estiman los efectos de distintas características de una eventual implementación. Conclusiones: Si bien la mayoría de los/as participantes tiene una mirada positiva y cree que es un área necesaria de desarrollar, la mayoría cree que se debe priorizar otras áreas de trabajo en oncología.