bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly Regioselective Direct C-H Arylation: Facile Construction of Symmetrical Dithienophthalimide-Based
π
-Conjugated Molecules for Optoelectronics
Authors: Li Xiang-Chun , Xue Yibo , Song Wan , Yan Yu , Min Jie , Liu Fang , Liu Xu , Lai Wen-Yong , Huang Wei
Published: August 2020

Controllable direct C-H arylation with high regioselectivity is highly desirable yet remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a facile regioselective direct C-H arylation is developed for efficient construction of a variety of symmetrical dithienophthalimide-based
π
-conjugated molecules. The resulting methodology is applicable to a wide range of substrates, from electron-rich units to electron-deficient units with large steric end groups. Aryl halides have been confirmed to be able to couple with dithienophthalimide (DTI) via direct C-H arylation, showing high regioselectivity. Varying the functional end groups onto the DTI core has been demonstrated to fine tune the emission colors to cover most of the visible spectra. The results suggest a facile strategy towards highly selective direct C-H arylation, opening the prospects towards efficient construction of
π
-conjugated molecules for various potential optoelectronic applications.
Assessment of heavy metals concentration in groundwater and their associated health risks near an industrial area
Authors: Lorestani Bahareh , Merrikhpour Hajar , Cheraghi Mehrdad
Published: August 2020

Background: Heavy metals (HMs) contamination from industrial wastewater is a major environmental problem that has been increasing in the past few years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of HMs contamination in Bu-Ali industrial town, Hamedan, western Iran. Methods: The concentration of 9 serious HMs (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, and zinc) in groundwater samples was studied during spring 2017. In order to evaluate water quality for aquaculture and drinking purposes, heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), heavy metal pollution index (HPI), and contamination (Cd) indicator were calculated. Health risk of HMs was also calculated to assess the risk of cancer. Results: The results showed that the mean concentration of the HMs according to the Cd index was as follows: Pb > Ni > Cr > Fe > Cd > As > Cu > Zn > Mn. The mean HEI and HPI values were 89.1 and 815.5, respectively. The results also showed that there was no relationship between the HMs concentration and cancer risk. Conclusion: The concentration of the studied HMs in most samples was higher than the permissible limit for drinking water. The HEI and HPI values in high-risk samples were higher than the permissible limit of drinking water, therefore, there is high risk and limitation for aquatic life, but there is no risk of cancer.
Application of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation process for treatment of high toxic effluent from a pesticide manufacturing plant
Authors: Ghahrchi Mina , Bazrafshan Edris , Adamiyat Badan Behruz , Dadban Shahamat Yousef , Gohari Fariba
Published: August 2020

Background: The discharge of untreated wastewater containing toxic and resistant compounds into the environment is a serious threat for ecosystems. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the treatment of poison production factory wastewater using heterogeneous catalytic ozonation process (COP). Methods: Magnetic carbon nanocomposite was used as a catalyst at concentrations of 1, 2, and 4 g/L. Its effect on improving the treatment process was evaluated at reaction time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. At the end of each experiment, parameters including total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5 ), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and turbidity were measured. Results: It was revealed that in single ozonation process (SOP), the maximum removal efficiencies of TOC, COD, and BOD5 were achieved at reaction time of 120 minutes as 56%, 40%, and 11.7%, respectively. By adding the catalyst to the wastewater, the treatment process was improved, so that the maximum removal efficiencies of COD (91%), TOC (73%), and BOD5 (74%) were obtained at catalyst concentration of 4 g/L. Under this condition, BOD5 /COD ratio increased from 0.22 to 0.64. Also, the results of analysis of ozone consumption per each mg of reduced COD showed that its amount sharply decreased from 2.1 mgO3 / mg COD removal in the SOP, to 0.34 mgO3 /mg COD removal in the COP. The results of kinetic reaction analysis also revealed that the rate constant increased from 0.007 to 0.02 min-1. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that the COP at a catalyst concentration of 4 g/L, by decomposing resistant compounds and increasing the biodegradability, can be used as a suitable pretreatment method for biological processes.
Evaluation of trace elements contaminations in muscles of Rutilus kutum (Pisces: Cyprinidae) from the Southern shores of the Caspian Sea
Authors: Sattari Masoud , Bibak Mehdi , Forouhar Vajargah Mohammad
Published: August 2020

Background: There is little information about the trace elements (TEs) concentrations in the muscle tissue of Caspian kutum (Rutilus kutum) in the South Caspian Sea. Methods: A total of 51 R. kutum specimens were caught at five fishing stations (Gorgan, Sari, Kiashahr, Anzali, and Astara) in the South Caspian Sea from September 2018 to January 2019. The inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was employed to measure the TEs concentrations in the fish muscles. Results: The maximum concentrations of Al (7.2 ppm), Pb (0.07 ppm), and Ni (0.02) were reported in Astara, and the highest concentrations of As (0.2 ppm), Cu (0.49 ppm), Cr (0.12 ppm), and Zn (1.56 ppm) were reported in Sari and Gorgan. The TEs concentrations measured in the fish muscles (except Mg, Zn, As, Al, Na, and S) had no significant differences among the sampling areas. The TEs concentrations were higher in the eastern areas (Sari and Gorgan) than in the western areas (Astara, Anzali, and Kiashahr) excluding As and Al. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu, Sn, Sb, Al, Cr, and Cd in muscles of R. kutum were found to be significantly lower (P<0.05) than the maximum permitted levels according to the WHO/FAO standards, while As concentrations were comparable to these standards. Conclusion: The TEs concentrations in different fishing stations of Kiashahr, Anzali, and Astara, located in the southwestern areas were respectively compared with those obtained from Sari and Gorgan, located in the middle and southeastern shore of the Caspian Sea. According to the results, the TEs concentrations obtained from the fish muscles cannot pose a threat to human health.
Spatial distributions of natural radionuclide concentrations of bottled mineral water: doses estimation and health risk assessment
Authors: Salehipour Amineh , Eslami Akbar , Mirzaee Mohammad , Bolori Fatemeh , Saghi Mohammad Hosien , Bahmani Zohreh , Hashemi Marjan
Published: August 2020

Background: Evaluation of the various types of water reveal that groundwater comprises 99% of the earth’s available fresh water. Many factors affect the type and degree of mineralization, as well as the natural radionuclides content in these types of water. The consumption of bottled natural mineral water, which comes from groundwater, among Iranians is gradually increasing. Therefore, the detection of high concentrations of radionuclides, associated with consumption of groundwater, is proposed as a public health problem in several areas. Methods: In this study, the activity concentration of natural radionuclides such as 226Ra, 228Ra, 210Pb, and 40K, annual effective dose for three age groups (<1 year, 7-12 years, and >17 years), and excess lifetime cancer risk due to the ingestion of natural radionuclides present in 70 different commercial bottled mineral waters from most provinces of Iran, were evaluated. Activity concentrations were measured using gamma spectrometry and a high purity germanium detector (HPGe). Results: The results showed that the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides were higher than those reported in the same studies in other countries. Also, the annul effective dose for the three age groups was much higher than the recommended value (0.1 mSvyr-1), as reported by the WHO. The excess lifetime cancer risk for three radionuclides, 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K, were less than the acceptable value of 10-3 for radiological risk, while the risk for 210Pb was higher than the recommended value. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the frequent use of bottled waters produced in different provinces of Iran possess health hazards to consumers.
Seawater reverse osmosis membrane fouling causes in a full scale desalination plant; through the analysis of environmental issues: raw water quality
Authors: Rezaei Leila , Dehghani Mohsen , Hassani Amir Hesam , Alipour Vali
Published: August 2020

Background: Membrane clogging is one of the most important problem for desalination plant operators in Iran, therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the main causes of this problem using field analysis. Methods: In this study, six continuous membranes in a reverse osmosis (RO) pressure vessel under the 33-month service period (April 2017 to November 2019) were selected. The membranes were analyzed through visual evaluation of the outer and inner membrane surface, analyzing the damages and physical harms, oxidative stress tests, iron spot test, fouling chemical analysis using loss on ignition (LOI) tests, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results: Particle size distribution in raw seawater (EC = 55 000 µs/cm, turbidity = 11 NTU) was 66.4% smaller than 1 µ and 28.3% between 1 to 1.9 µm. Physical damages were not seen on the membranes but telescopic damages were observed which was due to membrane fouling. Removal efficiencies of turbidity and silt density index (SDI) were 84% and 18%, respectively. Membrane oxidation was also seen. Most of the sediments compositions on the membranes were SiO2 , Al2 O3 , MgO, and Fe2 O3 . Biological fouling was detected on the membranes surface. Conclusion: Inaccurate use of chlorine neutralizer caused the residual chlorine to be present in the membrane entering water, which damaged the membrane. Accumulation of clogging agents on membrane surface showed malfunction of pretreatment function, therefore, revision of design and operation of units is necessary. Biological fouling is due to non-effective pre-chlorination of drinking water. Metallic compounds sedimentation on the membrane is due to improper use of anti-fouling chemicals. High SDI in the influent shows the need to change the cartridge filters.
Occupational exposure to metals among blacksmiths in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Ibrahim Lawal , Sani Ali , Jibril Bilkisu Aminu
Published: August 2020

Background: Occupational workers especially those working in industries associated with metal and mining activities are excessively exposed to many toxic metals, which affect them. This study was conducted to determine the metal concentrations in body fluids of blacksmiths exposed to metals. Methods: The present study was conducted on a total of 140 male blacksmiths and 120 male controls in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. All information related to working conditions such as duration of engagement and use of personal protective equipment (PPE), health history, life style, etc. were obtained using an interview questionnaire. Blood samples were also collected, digested, and subsequently, subjected to flame atomic absorption spectrometric (FAAS) analysis to determine the heavy metals concentration in the samples. Results: Exposure to heavy metals led to various degrees of health complications including headache (68%), fever (52%), chest pain (44%), itching (43%), irritation (35%), shortness of breath (31%), and coughing (27%). Meanwhile, the concentration of blood heavy metals of Pb, Cd, Cr, and Zn was 0.17, 0.076, 0.24, 4.50 µg/mL, respectively. The values were above the permissible limits of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and significantly differ from those in controls (P<0.05), which was directly proportional to age and exposure rates. Conclusion: According to the results, blacksmithing is an occupation with health hazards, which affect blood metals levels, and subsequently, lead to serious health complications.
Issue Competition and the Social Construction of Target Populations: Alternative Suggestions for the Study of the Influence of Populist Radical Right Parties on Health Policy and Health Outcomes Comment on "A Scoping Review of Populist Radical Right Parties’ Influence on Welfare Policy and its Implications for Population Health in Europe"
Authors: Clavier Carole , Martin Elisabeth , Gagnon France
Published: August 2020

Rinaldi and Bekker ask whether populist radical right (PRR) parties have an influence on population health and health equity. The assumption is that this influence is negative, but mediated by political system characteristics. Starting from the authors’ premise that the positions of PRR parties on welfare policies are a good proxy for health outcomes, we build on political science literature to suggest further avenues for research. The equivocal relationship between political parties and the ownership of specific healthcare, health insurance and public health issues invites studies that break down party positions relating to different health policy issues. As policy-makers use social representations of target populations to make policy decisions and anticipate the feedback these decisions might generate, it is worth studying how PRR parties influence societal, institutional and partisan perceptions of deserving and undeserving populations, even when they are not in government
"Conflicted" Conceptions of Conflict of Interest: How the Commercial Sector Responses to the WHO Tool on Conflict of Interest in Nutrition Policy Are Part of Their Standard Playbook to Undermine Public Health Comment on "Towards Preventing and Managing Conflict of Interest in Nutrition Policy? An Analysis of Submissions to a Consultation on a Draft WHO Tool"
Authors: Moodie A. Rob
Published: August 2020

Managing conflict of interest (CoI) among the interested stake-holders in nutrition policy is a vexed and controversial issue. This commentary builds on Ralston and colleagues’ highly informative analysis of the 44 submissions to the World Health Organization (WHO) draft tool on preventing and managing CoI in national nutrition programs. The commentary proposes that the commercial sector actors are, by definition, too conflicted to objectively respond to the draft tool. The responses of the commercial sectors are predictable, as they mimic their positions during the prior negotiation for the development of the Framework for Engagement of Non-State Actors (FENSA). Their overall approach, and specific responses, are typical of the now standard methods of the ultra-processed food and beverage industry’s ‘corporate playbook.’ In addition, Ralston et al’s analysis raises a number of other issues, such as: why these corporations are so keen to be included in the world of multi-stakeholder partnerships, why so few member states responded to the draft tool, and problems with the term ‘private sector.’ The commentary ends with a suggestion for WHO to seek broader involvement from the 160+ member states who have yet to participate in the consultations regarding the draft tool.
The The Effect of Leadership and Motivation on Employees Satisfaction: Evidence from Mirpur Division AJ&K in Restaurant Sector
Authors: Shakil Haroon
Published: September 2020

Governance mechanism has received high attention in previous year and has been a developing for research. This is mainly because of failure of number of firms in different regions. Good governance mechanisms are considered important in aspect of motivation, leadership and independent audit committee to increase the performance with the satisfaction of customers. These factors effect differently in developing and developed countries due to cultural, economic, social issues. The main objective of our research is to understand and determine the effect of governance mechanism on customer satisfaction in Mirpur division AJ&K. Despite the significance of our subject matter no prior research has focus on governance mechanisms in Mirpur division AJ&K.

To accomplish the research objectives a quantities method (question was adopted). The questionnaire survey was used to seek the response of governance mechanism in aspect of motivation, leadership and independent audit committee from top level management and response of satisfaction received from customers. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) to obtain quantities measure we use Pearson correlation, Mean, Standard deviation and regression. The finding of results shows that the customer satisfaction has positive relationship with motivation, leadership and independent audit committee. This study’s findings will also be beneficial to firms; government and policy maker as their political, social and economic environment are same.
Part of Teachers and Parents in Children's Education
Authors: Imam Muhammad Yasir , Jannat Nabila , Khan Gul Sher , Saleem Asima , Fatima Saman
Published: September 2020

In this paper, our study focuses on therole of teachers and parents in children'seducation. Parents are the first teachers of a child.They influence their children to a greater extentand play a major role in inculcating values ofeducation in them. The second major role inchildren's education done by a teacher. A teacheralso plays a very important role in children'seducation as a nation builder. Unfortunately, dueto the advancements in technology and busy lifeschedules, parents and teachers have not been ableto inculcate the true educational values in children.There is a number of factors which are responsiblefor this problem. This study provides informationabout how parents and teachers play their role andwhat are their perceptions are in this regard. Here,elementary school teachers and children have beentargeted. Data is collected by personal visits andwere analyzed using SPSS. Data type is consist ofquestionnaires. In this paper, we also used twoframeworks, theoretical, conceptual framework,and also use t-test which is used to determine thesignificant differences between the means of twogroups. Both the teachers and parents said thatthere should be strong coordination between themfor helping their children to perform better atschools.
The development of a collection of design fictions about Artificial Intelligence and robots in Higher Education
Authors: Cox Andrew
Published: August 2020

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and robotics are likely to have a significant long-term impact on Higher Education (HE). The scope of this impact is hard to grasp partly because the literature is siloed, as well as the changing meaning of the concepts themselves. But developments are surrounded by controversies in terms of what is technically possible, what is practical to implement and what is desirable, pedagogically or for the good of society. Design fictions that vividly imagine future scenarios of AI or robotics in use offer a means both to explain and query the technological possibilities. The paper describes the development of eight such design fictions that capture the range of potential use of AI and robots in learning, administration and research. They prompt wider discussion by instantiating such issues as how they might enable teaching of high order skills or change staff roles, as well as exploring the impact on human agency and the nature of datafication.
Estrategias pedagógicas para el desarrollo de habilidades formativas en investigación. Cómo mitigar la ausencia de lectura de los estudiantes en Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Cruz-García Darwin
Published: August 2020

The objective was to understand the training process in research as an academic practice, raising the need for strategies in the face of the weak habit of reading in training settings that allow us to respond to the crisis of interpretation of social problems. This reflection was raised from the phenomenological-hermeneutic method with a social-critical approach in a period of 2 years, training and accompanying 436 students with 145 proposals of formative research, collecting information through 5 semi-structured interviews with teachers and 50 student surveys. Therefore, this reflection is the starting point of a pedagogical proposal that promotes reading and critical reflection exercises. Consequently, the social sciences must formulate research routes that cross the curriculum, seeking in turn to guide and enhance the work of students in research procedures.
Reflexões sobre os métodos de validações de jogos virtuais no ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática
Authors: Henrichsen Luana , Gama Rodrigo Farias
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre como são realizadas as validações dos jogos virtuais no processo de ensino e aprendizagem na disciplina de Matemática. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa com as palavras-chave: jogos virtuais; Matemática; ensino, tanto em português quanto em inglês, por meio das plataformas Scopus, IEEE Xplore e Elsevier, buscando trabalhos compreendidos entre os anos de 2005 a 2019. Foram encontrados centenas de trabalhos e, após a leitura dos resumos, foram selecionados 20 deles. Entre esses trabalhos estavam artigos, dissertações, teses e livros que tratavam sobre jogos, tanto em esfera nacional, como internacional. Ao que compete aos selecionados, foram separados em três categorias: a) jogos tradicionais aplicados em qualquer disciplina; b) jogos tradicionais no ensino da Matemática; c) aplicação de jogos virtuais no ensino da Matemática. Nesta última categoria, foram selecionados quatro artigos para verificar quais as metodologias utilizadas para a validação dos dados obtidos a partir da aplicação dos jogos virtuais. Os resultados apontam que os dados, na maioria dos casos, são submetidos à estatística básica, como medidas de posição e frequência relativa. Além disso, apareceram dados analisados a partir do teste Shapiro Wilk, Usabilidade de Nielsen e Método do percurso cognitivo. Um dos artigos analisados não apresentou como foi desenvolvido o processo de validação dos dados. De modo geral, comprovou-se a eficácia dos jogos virtuais no ensino da Matemática.
Automatic Blood Collection and Mixer in a Blood Transfusion System Equipped with Barrier Indicators
Authors: Putra Chandra Bimantara , Ariswati Her Gumiwang , Sumber Sumber , Zahar Muzni
Published: August 2020

A blood collection monitor is a device used to measure and shake the blood bag during a blood transfusion so that the blood in the bag does not clot and is mixed with anticoagulant fluid in the bag properly. This study aims to design an automatic blood collection and mixer for the transfusion blood system. The advantage of the proposed design is accompanied by a safety system in the form of a barrier indicator that is connected to an alarm. The alarm served to give a warning to blood donors if there is an obstacle or there is no increase in volume as much as 20ml for 1 minute as recommended by the world blood bank association. This device can work with three different sizes of blood bags. In this study, a loadcell sensor is used to detect the amount of blood fluid that enters the bag. Furthermore, then it is converted into milliliter volume. In order to collect the blood, a shaker is drove using a motor controlled by Arduino microcontroller. From the measurement, for the entire size of the blood bag, we found that the deviation is 0, UA is 0, and the average error is 0. Thus, it can be concluded that this device can be used properly. In the future, it can be developed a blood infusion with the flowrate measurement to determine the speed of blood during donation
A Low Cost Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Based on Arduino
Authors: Pramono Fikri Fahriansyah , Luthfiyah Sari , Rahmawati Triana , Hasanah Ahniar Nur
Published: August 2020

Instant life patterns and eating patterns and inappropriate exercise schedules are thought to be one of the causes of the increasing number of diabetes mellitus. Complications that can be caused by this disease are in the form of excessive susceptibility to infection, so that it develops into diabetic ulcers and can lead to amputations in these parts of the body. The purpose of this study is to design a tool used to treat diabetic ulcers. The contribution of this study is that the system can help remove fluid from the wound with controlled suction pressure so that it can facilitate the healing process faster. This Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) tool works based on negative pressure from the vacuum motor by utilizing MPXV4115VC6U and MPXV5050VC6T1 pressure sensors at a pressure limit of 0 to -350 mmHg. Using an Arduino microcontroller for data processing, it will then be displayed on the 2x16 LCD. The MPX4115VC6U sensor produces a pressure of -55.97 mmHg when setting -50 mmHg and the resulting output is 3.32 volts, while the MPXV5050VC6T1 sensor produces a pressure of 51.18 mmHg at a setting of 50 mmHg and the resulting output is 3.18 volts, from the above data it can be seen if the MPX5050VC6TI sensor has a smaller error given
Development of Measuring Device for Non-Invasive Blood Sugar Levels Using Photodiode Sensor
Authors: Saputra Frendi Agung Dwi , Utomo Bedjo , Sumber Sumber , Shahriar Arefin Mohammed
Published: August 2020

Diabetes mellitus is one of the deadliest diseases faced by Indonesian people. The number of sufferers of this disease in Indonesia is 10 million according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Indonesia is included in five countries with the number of people with diabetes mellitus. This disease is caused by high levels of glucose in the blood. Patients are usually not controlled for sugar consumption in everyday life. For measuring blood sugar levels so far, the most widely used device is invasive, namely by injuring the patient's body. Techniques like this make people reluctant to take measurements of glucose levels in their blood routinely. Though it is recommended to take measurements regularly to be able to control the intake of nutrients in the body. The method used in this experiment is to design and build a blood sugar measuring device using a photodiode sensor. As well as collecting data on several patients related to blood to obtain patient data. Based on the results of the identification of the problems mentioned above, the authors make a non-invasive measuring tool entitled "Design of a Non-invasive Blood Sugar Measuring Instrument (TFT Display)". Results that have been obtained from this study are there are error values in the voltage measurement circuit voltage distribution with the calculation of the resistance value to get the voltage value. The error value obtained is 5%. The results of the linear regression value of 0.996.
Simple and Low Cost Design of Infusion Device Analyzer Based on Arduino
Authors: Jannah Nikmatul , Syaifudin Syaifudin , Soetjiatie Liliek , Irfan Ali Muhammad
Published: August 2020

In the medical world, patient safety is a top priority. The number of workloads and frequency of use in the long term will affect the accuracy and precision of the equipment, therefore calibration is needed, namely the measurement activities to determine the truth of the appointment value of measuring instruments and/or measuring materials based on the standards of the Minister of Health Regulation No. 54/2015. The purpose of this study is to make the design of the Infusion Device Analyzer on flow rate parameters. The main advantage of this study is that the system can display three calibration results in one measurement at the same setting. The results of the calibration will determine the feasibility of an infusion pump or a syringe pump. This study uses the flow rate formula which is applied to the water level system to obtain the calibration results. The infrared photodiode sensor will detect the flow of water in the chamber that comes from the infusion or syringe pump. Furthermore, the sensor output will be processed by the microcontroller and the reading results are displayed on the liquid crystal display. The average measurement at a setting of 10 ml/hour is 9.36 ml/hour, at a setting of 50 ml/hour is 46.64 ml/hour and at a setting of 100 ml/hour is 96.04 ml/hour. Based on available data, this tool has an average error value of 5.69%, where the value exceeds the tolerance limit allowed by ECRI, which is ± 5%.
Questa domanda rileva, eccome!
Authors: Coletti Vittorio
Published: September 2020

Alcuni lettori ci sottopongono l’uso del verbo rilevare in espressioni negative quali “il dato / il fatto non rileva”.
“NÃO BATO PONTO PORQUE EU QUERO. NÃO BATO PONTO PORQUE EU GOSTO”: CONTROLE SOCIAL E PROSTITUIÇÃO DE TRANSEXUAIS E TRAVESTIS EM CAMPO GRANDE – MS
Authors: Lima Antonio Henrique Maia , Dorsa Arlinda Cantero , Borges Pedro Pereira
Published: September 2020

O artigo é fruto de reflexões oriundas de pesquisa de campo realizada para uma dissertação de mestrado sobre a marginalização de populações LGBTT na cidade de Campo Grande – MS. A partir das entrevistas surgiu um discurso majoritário justificador do “porque” de maioria dos entrevistados exercerem a prostituição como meio de sobrevivência, apontando para o controle social como o fator-chave para isso, sendo a prostituição a alternativa restante, dados os padrões sociais pré-estabelecidos, nos quais essas pessoas não se consideram ajustados. Tem-se por objetivo analisar criticamente tais fatos a partir das experiências relatadas.
ENSINO DE SOCIOLOGIA NO ENSINO MÉDIO BRASILEIRO: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Ribeiro Alves Luis Carlos , Leite Lousada Esio
Published: September 2020

A preocupação básica deste estudo é refletir sobre o ensino de sociologia no ensino médio brasileiro, com seus desafios e possibilidades em relação a formação dos estudantes como cidadãos plenos.. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância da presença das Ciências Sociais como disciplina escolar, apontando seus princpais desafios e as possibilidades para a qualificação de seu ensino. um bom relacionamento entre professores e alunos no processo de construção do conhecimento. Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica considerando as contribuições de autores como Bauman (2001) Gomez (1998), Adorno e Horkheimer (1973), e Silva (2009), entre outros, procurando enfatizar a importância do ensino de sociologia no espaço brasileiro em tempos de modernidade liquida. Concluiu-se que o ensino de Sociologia na escola média brasileira é imprescindivel à qualificação do estudante para a leitura e a transformação da realidade socieal brasileira.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Akademik SMPN I Tajurhalang
Authors: Herdiyanto Agus , Normalisa Normalisa
Published: August 2020

Perkembangan teknologi infomasi tidak lepas dari pesatnya perkembangan teknologi computer karena komputer merupakan media yang dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi manusia dalam menyelesaikan suatu pekerjaan. Perubahan dan dinamika masyarakat yang semakin cepat seiring dengan perkembangan jaman dan teknologi sehingga memerlukan kualitas informasi yang akurat, cepat dan tepat. Pengolahan data-data dalam bentuk berkas yang dilakukan oleh divisi tata usaha masih dimungkinkan hilang sehingga menyulitkan divisi tata usaha ketika akan membuat laporan hasil belajar siswa yang baru. Permasalahan yang sama juga terjadi dalam penerimaan informasi akademik karena pengolahan data laporan yang berjalan dilakukan dengan cara penginputan komputerisasi yang masih lokal dan manual kemudian file menjadi dokumen print out yang disimpan dalam berkas-berkas dilemari penyimpanan. Sistem pada penelitian ini menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dikarenakan PHP adalah salah satu bahasa server-side yang didesain khusus untuk aplikasi web yang mana PHP dapat disisipkan di antara bahasa HTML
Merancang Sistem Aplikasi Pendaftaran Kartu Kredit di Bank Panin Kantor Kas Permata Taman Palem
Authors: Fatoni Achmad , Normalisa  , Zulfikar Ahmad Fikri
Published: August 2020

Persaingan dalam dunia perbankan di era perkembangan teknologi seperti sekarang ini semakin ketat. Setiap bank sudah mempergunakan sistem informasi yang sudah terkomputerisasi dalam proses kerjanya. Salah satu sistem informasi ialah sistem informasi kartu kredit. Pada sistem kartu kredit Panin Bank kantor kas permata taman palem masih menggunakan sistem informasi manual, dari proses promosi sampai proses pendaftaran dan juga informasi tagihan kartu kredit. Dari sistem kartu kredit yang masih manual ini banyak menimbulkan berbagai masalah diantaranya kurang efektif dan efisien pada proses promosi kartu kredit, proses pendafataran kartu kredit. Proses penginputan data registrasi yang masih manual juga sering menimbulkan kesalahan penginputan. Untuk proses informasi kartu kredit dan tagihan juga kurang bisa diakses dengan mudah oleh nasabah. Dari permasalahan diatas perlu dibuat suatu sistem informasi berbasis web yang bisa memberikan kemudahan dan solusi permasalan. Sistem informasi kartu kredit yang berbasis web nantinya bisa diganakan untuk promosi, pendaftaran kartu kredit online, memasukkan informasi kartu kredit dan tagihan serta akses informasi bagi nasabah tentang tagihan dan informasi kartu kredit itu sendiri.
Management of Stress: From the Perspectives of the Natural Theory Philosophers
Authors: Bubu Ncha Gabriel
Published: August 2020

The phenomenon of stress among humans, has become a disturbing one and a source of worry and sorrow for millions of people all over the world. This, in most cases, has resulted in deaths, strokes and paralysis, and if these occur with individuals that are bread winners in families, the consequences could be devastating as members of such families who are dependent on the bread winners would be put into untold hardship which could result in further stress related problems. One important cause of this phenomenon is poor management of stress and the lack of a suitable stress management strategy. This paper examines this phenomenon and argues that the natural theorist approach could be therapeutic. The method adopted is expository and content analysis.
EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION AND ETHYL METHANESULFONATE (EMS) ON POTATO SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN VITRO
Authors: & Abdulrasool Annon
Published: August 2020

An experiment was conducted in the Date Palm Research Units labs / College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad to assess the tolerance toward salinity stress in potato after two mutagens treatments in vitro. Potato cv. Arizona and Rivera nodal segments were irradiated with four dosages of gamma rays at 0, 10, 20, and 30 Gray and immersed in (EMS) with four concentrations included 0, 10, 20, and 30 mM. The survival rates after mutagenesis treatments were calculated and 449 lines were obtained. The lines were tested for salinity tolerance by growing in MS medium supplemented with four concentrations of NaCl at 0, 100, 150, and 200 mM and data were analyzed according to the CRD with 10 replicates and means were compared according to LSD at 5%. Out of 449 lines obtained, only 38 lines were showed to be tolerant to salinity stress depending on some vegetative characteristics. At the highest NaCl concentration of 200 mM, Almost all derived lines were higher when compared with their controls especially the lines that derived from Arizona in which line 262 gave the most significant plantlets height of 35 mm and line 180 gave the most significant number of nodes of 3.66 nodes.plant-1 and number of shoots of 2 shoots.plant-1 when compared with their control that gave 11.33 mm, 2 nodes.plant-1, and 1.5 shoots.plant-1, respectively. The resulted lines were analyzed at the molecular level utilizing the inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers and revealed that line 69 was the much distanced from its derived Rivera cultivar while lines 551, 261, 170, 262, 459, 463 were the much genetically distanced from their derived cultivar Arizona.
COMPARISON OF DEVELOPED AND PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED UNIVARIATE MODELS FOR ESTIMATING EROSIVITY IN A COUNTRY WITH MEDITERRANEAN RAINFALL REGIME
Authors: & Karim Keya
Published: August 2020

Information on the degree of water erosion is of imperative importance to professionals who are engaged in reducing soil losses via implementing soil conservation measures. Soil Conservation requires the knowledge of the factors controlling soil loss. Rainfall erosivity is one of the major controlling factors inducing water erosion. To achieve this objective, several univariate models were developed to estimate the rainfall erosivity in the upper part of Iraq. The database for models development was based on rainfall data of different time scales obtained from 25 stations distributed across the study region. The explanatory variables encompassed annual rainfall (P), Fournier index (FI), modified Fournier index (MFI) and precipitation concentration index (PCI). Additionally, the performance of a host of previously published univariate models were evaluated. Most of these models were derived for countries with Mediterranean rainfall regimes. It was observed that neither FI nor the PCI approaches were effective in capturing the variability of rainfall erosivity in the study area. Overall, the annual rainfall based models outperformed the Fournier and modified Fournier based models. The results also indicated that among eight developed models, the quadratic and linear forms of annual rainfall based models ranked first and second respectively. Additionally, the test of performance of a host of previously published models revealed they have restricted applications in Iraq.
EFFICACY OF SALICYLIC AND ASCORBIC ACIDS TO REDUCE THE EFFECT OF TRANSPORT STRESS ON LIVE WEIGHT, SOME BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS AND INTESTINAL VILLI OF BROILER CHICKENS
Authors: & et al. Al obaydy
Published: August 2020

This experiment was conducted and aimed to reducing mortality and losing the weight of birds transported to the slaughter house through reducing or Transport stress removal and thus to reduce financial losses. 150 birds used almost equal weights that were divided into three treatment groups and by five replicates for each treatment is control treatment (T1) without giving anything and treatment with salicylic acid concentration 1 g / liter of drinking water (T2) and treatment with ascorbic acid (T3) concentration 0.5 g / Liter of drinking water provided 24 hours before its transport. The transport process resulted in a highly significant decrease (P ≤ 0.01) in body weight in treatment T1 as it reached 4.66%, while it reached 1.68 and 1.09% in treatment T2 and T3, respectively. The transport process led to an increase in body temperature, H / L ratio, the concentration of glucose, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in the blood serum, as the transport process led to a very significant decrease (P ≤ 0.01) in the cholesterol concentration, Uric acid, intestinal villi length and crypts depth. T2 and T3 treatments showed their ability to reduce transport stress, especially T3, where they outperformed T1 in most traits. It is concluded from the study that adding ascorbic acid by 0.5 g / L drinking water 24 hours before transporting the chicks to the slaughter house reduces the transport stress and lessen financial losses, so it is recommended to use it.
COMPARISON THE ACCURACY OF COMPUTING POINT COORDINATS BETWEEN DIFFERENT INSTRUMENTS AND APPLICATIONS OF GPS
Authors: & et al. Abdulwadood
Published: August 2020

The study was aimed to determine the coordinates of  the points were measured by different ways and different instruments, the most precise way using the differential global positioning system (DGPS) that will be the reference measurements in comparison, less precise way using navigator GPS. Google earth (pro.), and the other applications of GPS mobile ( Samsung and I-phone). In this research (8 points) were chosen that are occasional in location. The comparison of the different observations can give us an idea of ​​the extent to which the accuracy of the observations differs from the different devices used in the observing, as well as through the knowledge of the best device and the best way to measure coordinates accurately to serve the desired purpose.
INFLUENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS ON AIR QUALITY AND OTHER POLLUTANTS IN DUHOK CITY, IRAQ
Authors: & et al. Mahdi
Published: August 2020

This study was aimed to investigated the relationship between the daily average of meteorological parameters (MP), and the daily average (DA) of air pollutant concentrations (PC) (including particulate matter (PM)). In this study, the DA of air PC, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and sulphur dioxide (SO2), was measured during heavy traffic in the summer season for five different locations throughout 2017, and comparison made with results similarly obtained in 2012. The particulate matter sample has been collected for the same period. The daily average meteorological parameters (MP) such as temperature (T), atmospheric pressure (AP), wind direction (WD), wind speed (WS) and relative humidity (RH) were measured and collected from the Directorate of Meteorology and Seismology Instrument at DC during the same period. The microstructure and morphology of the particles have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and reflected light microscopy (RLM). The chemical composition of the particles has been studied using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The EDX analysis shows that silicon and calcium were found to be the most abundant elements in the dust particles. Mineralogical characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and results of which indicate the presence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
THE COMBINATION OF DRAGON FRUITS SKIN AND TEAK LEAVES ANTHOCYANIN EXTRACT AS SOYMILK’S NATURAL DYE
Authors: & et al. Wahyuni
Published: August 2020

Natural dye is easier to dissolve in water and to be absorbed by our body than artificial pigment. Anthocyanin pigment combination from different sources is able to improve functional food quality. Soymilk is a white liquid vegetarian functional food which hasn’t adorable appearance. The dragon fruit skin and teak leaves anthocyanin extract combination can be used as alternative natural pigment to improve soymilk’s quality. Dragon fruit skins bright red, while the teak leaves is dark red with higher anthocyanin content. This study aimed to determine the dragon fruit skin and teak leaves anthocyanin extract combination to Argomulyo var. soymilk’s quality. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) one factor (dragon fruit skin and teak leaves extract combination) with 3 levels (5%, 10%, and 15%) were applied. The experiments consisted of two main process, the first step was anthocyanin extraction which followed by soymilk’s production. Dragon fruit skin and teak leaves anthocyanin extraction used maceration method with water as solvent through blanching process at 80oC. Soymilk’s color intensity measured by color reader, organoleptic (hedonic-test), pH (pH-meter), anthocyanin (pH differential and UV-Vis spectrophotometer), and antioxidants activity (DPPH). The result showed that 15% anthocyanin addition gave the best results with redness (8.39), yellowness (3.24), brightness (41.33), organoleptic color (4.15), pH (6.54), anthocyanin (4.007 mg/L), and antioxidant (69.13%).
PURIFICATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND EVALUATION OF FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF STAPHYLOKINASE FROM LOCALLY ISOLATED STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS GH38
Authors: & Aziz Noori
Published: August 2020

This study was aimed to purify, characteristic, and fibrinolytic activity of staphylokinase (SAK), is an enzyme activates plasminogen to form plasmin, which digest fibrin clots that cause thrombosis clot. Staphylokinase was purified from local isolate Staphylococcus aureus GH38 by ammonium sulfate precipitation at 70% saturation followed by ion exchange chromatography (CM-Cellulose) with a purification fold 2.73, and 1.53, and recovery 72.1, and 33.11% in wash and elution steps respectively. The partially purified enzyme was high activity at 40°C with pH 7 and the enzyme retained 100% of its activity at 35°C with pH 7. The activity of an enzyme increased by its treatment with calcium and sodium chloride, while the activity affected when incubated with mercury, silver, and iron chloride. The enzyme have high effective against thrombus (blood clot), which encourage the use of enzyme in the treatment as therapeutic agent to remove clots formed in the human body.
DETERMINATION OF ZMHKT1,5 GENE EXPRESSION UNDER DIFFERENT SALT STRESSES USING PLANT TISSUE CULTURE of MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.).
Authors: & et al. Al-Salihy
Published: August 2020

This study was designed to determine ZmHKT1;5 gene expression  in relatively salt tolerant using four maize genotypes (Alfajr and Almaha  and medium-tolerant ones T1 and T6) within cellular level.  Three salinity levels (2, 8, and 16 ds / m .  Were used immature seeds were surface sterilized and embryos were dissected under full sterilization conditions. Callus was initiated from immature embryos of the above four genotypes on Skoog and Murashige (MS) medium supplemented with the required growth regulators (3 mg/L 2,4-D +0.5 mg/L kinetin) and recultured for three times and transferred to the stress medium containing NaCl. K+/Na+ and Ca+ / Na+ were measured and ZmHKT1;5 gene expression was estimated using Real-time PCR in callus cultures after tree cultures. Results indicated that a significant decrease in calcium and potassium ion concentrations with increasing NaCl level. The highest concentration was recorded in the genotype Almaha, while the lowest was in Alfajr. The highest concentration of gene ZmHKT1;5  expression  was achieved in the Alfajr genotype reached 5.59 at 16 ds/m.
Advanced Ultra-sharp Fano filter resonances in integrated photonic resonators with coupled Sagnac loop reflectors
Authors: Moss David
Published: September 2020

We investigate Fano resonances in integrated photonic resonators
formed by coupled Sagnac loop reflectors (CSLR). Mode splitting in the CSLR
resonator is tailored to achieve multiple Fano-like resonances with ultrahigh
extinction ratios and slope rates.
Escenarios prospectivos de un nuevo orden internacional que se vislumbra luego de la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Arbeláez-Campillo Diego Felipe , Villasmil Espinoza Jorge Jesús
Published: September 2020

Hay buenas razones para suponer que los estragos ocasionados por la pandemia de la COVID-19 en la primera mitad del 2020, erosionan de tal manera los cimientos del orden mundial imperante, estructurado desde las postrimerías de la segunda guerra mundial, que desde ya se articulan las condiciones de posibilidad para la emergencia de un nuevo o renovado orden internacional con características inciertas. En consecuencia, el objetivo de esta investigación es debatir las implicaciones políticas, económicas y socioculturales de la hipótesis del nuevo orden mundial post-coronavirus y, simultáneamente, configurar algunos escenarios posibles que bien podrían determinar el futuro próximo de las civilizaciones humanas según la lectura de Harari (2014; 2015; 2018). En lo metodológico, se empleó la hermenéutica de la comprensión dialógica de Gadamer, como herramienta ventajosa cuando se trata de visualizar escenarios internacionales, junto al análisis prospectivo como pretexto para relacionar el acontecer mundial, con los textos y contextos que le dan sentido. Entre las conclusiones destaca que la crisis del orden mundial vigente es resultado de un proceso de declive histórico de los grandes modelos políticos y económicos dominantes hasta el presente y que el futuro próximo puede interpretarse mediante la visualización de tres escenarios posibles e interconectados.