bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applying the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to investigate factors of implementing alcohol screening and brief intervention among primary care physicians and nurses in Hong Kong, China: an exploratory sequential mixed-method study
Authors: Chan Paul Shing-fong , Fang Yuan , Xie Yao Jie , Wong Martin Chi-sang , Nilsen Per , Leung Sau-fong , Cheung Kin , Wang Zixin , Yeoh Eng-kiong
Published: May 2024

Background

Alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI) is an evidence-based intervention recommended by the World Health Organization. This study applied the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to understand facilitators and barriers of SBI implementation in primary care settings in Hong Kong, China.

Methods

This was a sequential mixed-method study. In-depth interviews of 21 physicians and 20 nurses working in the primary care settings from the public and private sectors were first conducted to identify CFIR constructs that were relevant to SBI implementation in the Chinese context and potential factors not covered by the CFIR. A questionnaire was then developed based on the qualitative findings to investigate factors associated with SBI implementation among 282 physicians and 295 nurses.

Results

The in-depth interviews identified 22 CFIR constructs that were facilitators or barriers of SBI implementation in Hong Kong. In addition, the stigmatization of alcohol dependence was a barrier and the belief that it was important for people to control the amount of alcohol intake in any situation was mentioned as a facilitator to implement SBI. In the survey, 22% of the participants implemented SBI in the past year. Factors associated with the SBI implementation echoed most of the qualitative findings. Among physicians and nurses in both sectors, they were more likely to implement SBI when perceiving stronger evidence supporting SBI, better knowledge and self-efficacy to implement SBI, more available resources, and clearer planning for SBI implementation in the clinics but less likely to do so when perceiving SBI implementation to be complicated and of higher cost, and drinking approved by the Chinese culture. Participants were more likely to implement SBI when perceiving SBI fit better with the existing practice and better leadership engagement in the public sector, but not in the private sector. Perceiving a stronger need and greater importance to implement SBI were associated with higher likelihood of SBI implementation among physicians, but not among nurses. Perceiving better organizational culture supporting SBI was positively associated with SBI implementation among nurses, but not among physicians.

Conclusions

There was a significant gap between SBI evidence and its implementation. Some strategies to improve SBI implementation may be different between physicians and nurses and between those in the public and private sectors. The CFIR is a useful framework for understanding facilitators and barriers of SBI implementation in primary care settings.
Multiscale evaluation of tunnel construction safety risk: a case study of an offshore tunnel construction in Ningbo
Authors: Wu Ping , Lin Feng , Huang Jiamin , Xu Yidong
Published: May 2024

Based on the WBS-RBS method, in this study, the risk factors corresponding to the construction risk events of an offshore tunnel foundation pit in Ningbo were identified, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the construction safety risk of the project. The system-level risk value was obtained by using the risk event deformation resulting from changes in two factors, namely, “mechanical property of soil” and “stiffness of the envelope structure”, to calculate the new event-level risk value corresponding to the deformation using a finite element numerical model. The findings indicate that the tunnel project has a risk evaluation score of 62.78 and thus falls within the category of high-risk projects. A change in risk factors will alter the likelihood that risk events will occur, which affects the safety risk status of the entire project. When two factors are coupled, a project’s system-level risk can increase dramatically.
Development of the Prevention of Suicide Behaviour in Prisons: Enhancing Access to Therapy (PROSPECT) logic model and implementation strategies
Authors: Crook Rebecca , Lennox Charlotte , Awenat Yvonne , Edge Dawn , Knowles Sarah , Honeywell David , Gooding Patricia , Haddock Gillian , Brooks Helen , Pratt Daniel
Published: May 2024

Aims and method

This study aimed to develop and articulate a logic model and programme theories for implementing a new cognitive–behavioural suicide prevention intervention for men in prison who are perceived to be at risk of death by suicide. Semi-structured one-to-one interviews with key stakeholders and a combination of qualitative analysis techniques were used to develop programme theories.

Results

Interviews with 28 stakeholders resulted in five programme theories, focusing on: trust, willingness and engagement; readiness and ability; assessment and formulation; practitioner delivering the ‘change work’ stage of the intervention face-to-face in a prison environment; and practitioner training, integrating the intervention and onward care. Each theory provides details of what contextual factors need to be considered at each stage, and what activities can facilitate achieving the intended outcomes of the intervention, both intermediate and long term.

Clinical implications

The PROSPECT implementation strategy developed from the five theories can be adapted to different situations and environments.
Gypsy, Roma and Traveller populations and mental health in the UK: a need for real working together and co-production of services
Authors: Kothari Radha , Ward Amy , Tracy Derek
Published: May 2024

Gypsy, Roma and Traveller (GRT) communities have considerably worse mental health outcomes than the general population and many other ethnic minority groups. We argue that there is a dynamic, interplaying ‘accessibility mismatch’, resulting in a failure of healthcare services to adequately understand and work with GRT communities in a meaningful way. The consequences are limited engagement and poor health outcomes. Contact with services is often at crisis points, such as in forensic services, which reinforces existing prejudice. Research is limited, and therefore so is the evidence base. It is critical that the UK's National Health Service takes a culturally informed approach to co-produce services that are accessible and responsive to GRT communities. Here we offer practical actions that healthcare organisations can undertake to help redress imbalances and increase equity of healthcare outcomes for these overlooked populations.
Contemporary Approach to Neurofibromatosis Type 1–Associated Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
Authors: Hirbe Angela C. , Dehner Carina A. , Dombi Eva , Eulo Vanessa , Gross Andrea M. , Sundby Taylor , Lazar Alexander J. , Widemann Brigitte C.
Published: May 2024

Most malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are clinically aggressive high-grade sarcomas, arising in individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) at a significantly elevated estimated lifetime frequency of 8%-13%. In the setting of NF1, MPNSTs arise from malignant transformation of benign plexiform neurofibroma and borderline atypical neurofibromas. Composed of neoplastic cells from the Schwannian lineage, these cancers recur in approximately 50% of individuals, and most patients die within five years of diagnosis, despite surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Treatment for metastatic disease is limited to cytotoxic chemotherapy and investigational clinical trials. In this article, we review the pathophysiology of this aggressive cancer and current approaches to surveillance and treatment.
FASTOCH: Feasibility of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes in Older Patients With Cancer—A Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Cancel Mathilde , Sauger Carine , Biogeau Julie , Dardaine-Giraud Véronique , Lecomte Thierry , Solub David , Combe Pierre , Wilmet Rémy , Aubard Eugénie , Deloigne Amandine , Hébrard Philippe , Dorval Étienne
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE

Multiple studies have demonstrated that electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) improve overall survival and quality of life in cancer care. However, there are no specific prospective data on remote ePRO monitoring in the older population, although they represent a significant proportion of patients with cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

From February 2021 to April 2022, patients age 75 years and older under active anticancer treatment were consecutively recruited in six institutions. Remote ePRO feasibility was determined in intention-to-test (ITT) on the basis of the number of active users in the overall population. Primary failure applied to patients who had no Internet access or declined to test ePROs, while the other patients were assigned to the ITT population. Feasibility was also determined per-protocol on the basis of the number of active patients in the ITT population.

RESULTS

Of the 473 patients included, primary failure applied to 288 patients (233 of whom had no Internet access). Among the 185 patients in ITT, 122 used ePROs, leading to a 26% feasibility in ITT and a 66% feasibility per protocol. In a multivariate analysis, the intent to test population was from a higher socioprofessional category ( P = .009) and felt in better general condition in the Geriatric 8-score evaluation ( P = .002). Active patients significantly differed from the inactive on their self-assessment of a better general condition ( P < .001) only.

CONCLUSION

Our multicenter study showed a limited feasibility rate (26%) of remote ePROs monitoring for older patients with cancer, mainly because of technology barriers. Yet, among the patients who did have Internet access, most of them indeed used ePROs (66%). Given the expected benefit of ePROs, the technology barriers therefore need to be lifted to improve cancer care in older patients.
Implementing a Clinical Pathway for Needs Assessment and Supportive Care Interventions
Authors: Stout Nicole L. , Alfano Catherine M. , Liu Raymond , Dixit Niharika , Jefford Michael
Published: May 2024

Despite advances in clinical cancer care, cancer survivors frequently report a range of persisting issues, unmet needs, and concerns that limit their ability to participate in life roles and reduce quality of life. Needs assessment is recognized as an important component of cancer care delivery, ideally beginning during active treatment to connect patients with supportive services that address these issues in a timely manner. Despite the recognized importance of this process, many health care systems have struggled to implement a feasible and sustainable needs assessment and management system. This article uses an implementation science framework to guide pragmatic implementation of a needs assessment clinical system in cancer care. According to this framework, successful implementation requires four steps including (1) choosing a needs assessment tool; (2) carefully considering the provider level, clinic level, and health care system–level strengths and barriers to implementation and creating a pilot system that addresses these factors; (3) making the assessment system actionable by matching needs with clinical workflow; and (4) demonstrating the value of the system to support sustainability.
Immunotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Present and Future Approaches and Challenges
Authors: Orland Mark D. , Ullah Fauzia , Yilmaz Emrullah , Geiger Jessica L.
Published: May 2024

Despite significant progress and improving outcomes in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), there are few effective treatment options for patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has changed the treatment algorithm of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and are approved in the frontline setting for recurrent and metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Although promising for some patients, most patients with R/M HNSCC do not derive clinical benefit from currently approved checkpoint inhibitors. Many studies are underway to identify the patient population that would benefit the most from immunotherapy as well as postimmunotherapy treatment failures, including novel combinations of immunomodulatory therapies. In this review, we summarize the clinical development of all major clinical trials of immunotherapy in HNSCC.
CAHQL: A Patient-Reported Outcome Instrument to Assess Health-Related Quality of Life in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Authors: Flokas Myrto Eleni , Yang Li , Middleton Kimberly R , Kollender Sarah , Parker Megan , Sukin Charles , Persky Rebecca Wood , Merke Deborah P
Published: May 2024

Context

Measuring health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a crucial aspect of evaluating health care outcomes. Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) often self-report deficiencies in HRQoL.

Objective

The aim of our study was to develop a disease-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument to evaluate the HRQoL of patients > 16 years old with classic CAH.

Methods

Following the FDA guidelines for developing PRO instruments, we developed a conceptual framework for the instrument. A preliminary instrument was created after interviewing a representative sample of 12 patients (aged 16 to 68 years) with CAH and 3 parents and obtaining expert feedback from 4 endocrinologists. The instrument was edited after cognitive interviews with 6 patients. Internal consistency of the instrument was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Validity was assessed by comparing the scores of our instrument with scores from widely used validated instruments for HRQoL and PRO not specific to CAH.

Results

Sixty-nine patients 16 to 75 years old participated in validating our preliminary instrument. The final questionnaire consists of 44 questions within 7 domains: General Health, Adrenal Insufficiency, Glucocorticoid Excess, Physical Functioning, Mental Health and Cognition, Social Functioning, and Sexual Functioning, with acceptable internal consistency (Chronbach's alpha ≥ .6) and validity (r = −0.350 to 0.866).

Conclusion

CAHQL is the first validated PRO instrument to capture disease-specific HRQoL outcomes in CAH. In addition to its anticipated use in the clinical setting, the instrument could be used to assess the efficacy of novel treatments in development.
Distal Abdominal Oblique Avulsion Injuries in Two Collegiate Hockey Players: A Case Report
Authors: Narciso Ryan , Venis Lawrence , Cardoos Nathan
Published: May 2024

While injuries to the abdominal oblique muscles near their origin at the lower ribs are commonly seen in sports that require explosive trunk rotational movements such as baseball and tennis, there are few reports in the literature of avulsion injuries to these muscles from their distal attachments at the iliac crest. We present the case of two collegiate male hockey players who suffered such injuries as a result of a direct impact mechanism while rotated at the waist. These injuries should be suspected when patients have significant pain in the lower abdominal region worsened by flexion and rotation of the trunk and can be accurately characterized by musculoskeletal ultrasound or MRI. With a conservative rehabilitation program focused on core, hip adductor, and hip flexor strengthening, our athletes were able to return to game participation within 6 wk of the initial injury.
Perspectives on the Labor Share
Authors: Karabarbounis Loukas
Published: May 2024

As of 2022, the share of US income accruing to labor is at its lowest level since the Great Depression. Updating previous studies with more recent observations, I document the continuing decline of the labor share for the United States, other countries, and various industries. I discuss how changes in technology and product, labor, and capital markets affect the trend of the labor share. I also examine its relationship with other macroeconomic trends, such as rising markups, higher concentration of economic activity, and globalization. I conclude by offering some perspectives on the economic and policy implications of the labor share decline.
Why Labor Supply Matters for Macroeconomics
Authors: Rogerson Richard
Published: May 2024

Benchmark models taught in undergraduate macro do not attribute any role for labor supply as an important determinant of macroeconomic outcomes. The first part of this paper documents three facts. First, differences in hours of work across OECD economies are large and imply large differences in GDP per capita. Second, there are large differences in the size of tax and transfer programs across countries, as proxied by differences in government revenues relative to the GDP. Third, these two outcomes are strongly negatively correlated. Taken together, these facts suggest an important role for labor supply in affecting macroeconomic outcomes. I conjecture that the reason why macro textbooks do not include a discussion of labor supply stems from a belief that labor supply elasticities are sufficiently small that even large differences in work incentives do not generate important macroeconomic effects. The second part of this paper argues that this belief is based on incorrect inference linking small elasticities for prime age male to small aggregate labor supply elasticities. The role of labor supply at the extensive margin plays a critical role in understanding this mistake in this inference.
How Economists Could Help Inform Economic and Budget Analysis Used by the US Congress
Authors:   Staff of the Congressional Budget Office
Published: May 2024

The US Congress uses economic and budgetary projections, cost estimates for proposed legislation, and other analyses provided by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) as part of its legislative process. CBO makes assessments based on an understanding of federal programs and revenue sources, reading the relevant research literature, analysis of data, and consultation with outside experts—and often relies on economic research. This article begins with a discussion of the role of the Congressional Budget Office and then discusses how economists could conduct research that would help inform the Congress by improving the quality of the analysis and parameter estimates that CBO uses. It gives overall context and specific examples in seven areas: credit and insurance, energy and the environment, health, labor, macroeconomics, national security, and taxes and transfers.
„Falling values”: artifacts or source of unique information? Drastically low electrical conductivity of acupuncture points is accompanied by significant deviations of EEG, HRV, immunity, metabolism and GDV parameters
Authors: Gozhenko Anatoliy , Zantaraia Toto , Zukow Walery
Published: May 2024

Background.
With this article, we start the project "Functional relationships between the parameters of acupuncture points and the neuro-endocrine-immune network", thereby joining the construction of a bridge between the Western and Eastern paradigms of medicine.
Materials and methods. The object of observation were 10 women (32-76 years) and 10 men (37-67 years) examined twice with a weekly interval. The volunteers were considered practically healthy, but the initial testing revealed deviations from the norm in a number of parameters of the neuro-endocrine-immune (NEI) network as a manifestation of maladaptation. We recorded electrical conductivity in acupuncture points (AP) Pg(ND), TR(X) and MC(AVL) as well as parameters of NEI network, gas discharge visualization (GDV) and metabolism.
Results. The preliminary analysis of the parameters revealed in the female SO drastic deviations from both the reference and the average for the sample, the levels of electrical conductivity of three pairs of AP - that is, the so-called "falling values", which are usually removed from the subsequent analysis as artifacts. However, we found the same drastic or significant deviations of a number of other parameters of GDV, EEG, HRV, adaptation hormones, immunity and metabolism in this patient. Therefore, the registered drastic decrease in electrical conductivity of AP is by no means an artifact, but reflects the peculiarities of the NEI network, GDV and metabolism of the patient's body during the first examination. It is significant that upon re-examination, the deviations of the parameters significantly or completely approached the range of the average for the sample ± SD or the norm ± SD.
Conclusion. The above gives us a reason to initiate a broad discussion of the problem of "falling variables" as carriers of unique information that is ignored and lost.
Frazeologiczne ujęcie kolokacji Franza Josefa Hausmanna i możliwość jego adaptacji w języku polskim
Authors: Targońska Joanna
Published: May 2024

A PHRASEOLOGICAL APPROACH TO COLLOCATIONS ACCORDING TO FRANZ JOSEF HAUSMANN AND ITS POSSIBLE ADAPTATION IN POLISH
Collocations is a term for a linguistic phenomenon that can be and is variously understood and defined. The aim of this article is to give an overview of the narrow concept of collocations suggested by Hausmann. The author of the article describes the semantic (phraseological) approach to the term, which stands in opposition to the syntactic, or corpus-based one. Collocations, according to Hausmann, take into account the process of thinking and language production of language learners. The hierarchical structure of collocations consisting of the collocation base and the collocator, which was suggested for the first time, is presented, and the individual elements of this phraseme are characterised in the article. Also, the author of the article attempts to transfer the concept of collocations according to Hausmann to the Polish language, and indicates a possible classification of Polish collocations in the semantic approach.
Is There a Golden Parachute in Sannikov’s Principal–Agent Problem?
Authors: Possamaï Dylan , Touzi Nizar
Published: May 2024

This paper provides a complete review of the continuous-time optimal contracting problem introduced by Sannikov in the extended context allowing for possibly different discount rates for both parties. The agent’s problem is to seek for optimal effort given the compensation scheme proposed by the principal over a random horizon. Then, given the optimal agent’s response, the principal determines the best compensation scheme in terms of running payment, retirement, and lump-sum payment at retirement. A golden parachute is a situation where the agent ceases any effort at some positive stopping time and receives a payment afterward, possibly under the form of a lump-sum payment or of a continuous stream of payments. We show that a golden parachute only exists in certain specific circumstances. This is in contrast with the results claimed by Sannikov, where the only requirement is a positive agent’s marginal cost of effort at zero. In the general case, we prove that an agent with positive reservation utility is either never retired by the principal or retired above some given threshold (as in Sannikov’s solution). We show that different discount factors induce a facelifted utility function, which allows us to reduce the analysis to a setting similar to the equal-discount rates one. Finally, we also confirm that an agent with small reservation utility does have an informational rent, meaning that the principal optimally offers him a contract with strictly higher utility than his participation value.
Just-in-Accuracy: Mobile Approach to Uncertainty
Authors: Ceberio Martine , Lauter Christoph , Kreinovich Vladik
Published: May 2024

To make a mobile device last longer, we need to limit computations to a bare minimum. One way to do that, in complex control and decision making problems, is to limit precision with which we do computations, i.e., limit the number of bits in the numbers’ representation. A problem is that often, we do not know with what precision should we do computations to get the desired accuracy of the result. What we propose is to first do computations with very low precision, then, based on these computations, estimate what precision is needed to achieve the given accuracy, and then perform computations with this precision.
Logical Platforms for Mobile Application in Decision Support Systems Based on Color Information Processing
Authors: Timchenko Victor , Kondratenko Yuriy , Kreinovich Vladik
Published: May 2024

This work is devoted to the creation of mobile applications for a wide class of decision-making problems with large databases based on effective optical logical systems. Such systems use (a) the representation of color as a carrier of logical fuzzy information and (b) the construction of logical decisions by transforming the light emitter with appropriate color filters. Optical processing of fuzzy information is carried out using the proposed block diagram of fuzzy logic gates (logical coloroid). Input data is generated based on expert assessments. The fuzzy database is formed by defining the corresponding color as a quantum (set) of information. The article discusses (a) the main steps in the synthesis of logical inference procedures for decision-making systems and (b) a generalized block diagram of an optical logical coloroid as the basis for creating multi-level mobile decision-making systems with artificial intelligence components. The use of color as a carrier of logical information allows the creation of high-speed mobile devices with convenient visualization.
Patrimônio imaterial audiovisual digital nos museus do século XXI e o contexto brasileiro
Authors: Vieira de Resende Úrsula
Published: May 2024

O artigo analisa os impactos da utilização de recursos audiovisuais digitais nos museus do século XXI, especialmente no contexto nacional. A abordagem trata da exposição permanente do Museu do Amanhã (Rio de Janeiro), constituída exclusivamente por patrimônio intangível (informação) expresso em meio audiovisual e digital. Dentro dessa perspectiva, aplicou-se ao Museu referencial teórico e prático para avaliar a linguagem expográfica: ambientes expositivos que exibem projeções de cenários futuros – o Amanhã. Os resultados indicaram que a análise da exposição, dotada de uma “coleção de possibilidades’’ representada por “acervo” de “informação”, um “museu diferente” pela modelagem de composição museológica, pelos novos itens e a narrativa comunicada na exposição permitiu verificar que seu modelo é inusitado, inovador no atual cenário brasileiro. A articulação dos conceitos teóricos acerca da imagem e da exposição apontam para uma condição diferenciada no que tange a adequação aos preceitos da Museologia e indica percepções conceituais e aplicações práticas a serem incorporadas no campo da Museologia e do Patrimônio.
comboio do patrimônio ferroviário apita na estação do turismo cultural
Authors: Martins Soares Geísa
Published: May 2024

Este estudo apresenta considerações sobre om turismo e os elos com o patrimônio considerado como atrativo principal responsável pelas escolhas das viagens pelos turistas. Traz holofotes para a representatividades do patrimônio ferroviário de Santos Dumont, MG. O objetivo geral proposto no estudo é conhecer e compreender os elos do turismo cultural e os recursos culturais do patrimônio ferroviário, numa práxis turística gerada a partir da proposta do roteiro turístico ferroviário: Um Tour Ferroviário em Santos Dumont, Minas Gerais. Utilizou-se na metodologia, revisão bibliográfica e documental e pesquisa de campo com aplicação de entrevistas. No proceder das análises qualitativas utilizou-se o Software Atlas Ti., (versão 2023). Importante destacar que, a partir dos dados da pesquisa de campo elaborada e aplicada para a investigação de tese de Doutorado, coletados entre outubro e fevereiro de 2023, apresentam-se resultados preliminares. Assim, pode-se afirmar que os bens ferroviários vêm adquirindo, após os usos primeiros na ferrovia, novos valores, como: valor de memória, afetivo, e valor turístico, entre outros, identificados juntos aos participantes da pesquisa entrevistados. A relevância do estudo trafega nas questões de se compreender os valores adquiridos pelo patrimônio ferroviário e as ressonâncias que ecoam e podem alcançar novas estações, como a estação da preservação e a Estação Turismo.
patrimônio documental de Jaime Cavalcanti Diniz como recurso para a investigação histórica
Authors: Rodrigues Wheldson
Published: May 2024

Este artigo apresenta um exercício de reflexão sobre a categoria do patrimônio documental como recurso para a pesquisa científica no campo da história. A partir da documentação constituída em razão da trajetória do musicólogo Pe. Jaime Cavalcanti Diniz, realizamos uma leitura preliminar acerca do nascimento do curso de Música da Escola de Belas Artes da Universidade do Recife, atual Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, estudo que avança na medida em que esses objetos de memória se apresentam como meios para compreendermos as relações entre o processo de gestação e formalização do curso e certos elementos da trajetória de Jaime Diniz, um dos seus fundadores e primeiro diretor nomeado. A documentação selecionada se apresenta como bem patrimonial relacionado a práticas culturais no campo da música. Inclui a correspondência remetida ao sacerdote, incorporada à Biblioteca José Antônio Gonsalves de Mello, no Instituto Ricardo Brennand, assim como fotografias, textos de jornal, entre outras fontes. Elementos da formação intelectual do padre aliados à articulação das suas redes de sociabilidade foram fundamentais para que Diniz alcançasse a posição de primeiro diretor do curso, o que ao mesmo tempo colaborou para o desenvolvimento de culturas, práticas e saberes musicais locais e garantiu a construção e manutenção de um lugar de destaque e prestígio social no campo da musicologia, do ensino e da pesquisa em música no Brasil, fatores que concorreram para a posterior patrimonialização do seu arquivo pessoal.
Nota dos organizadores
Authors: Souza Carmo Sura , Elke Debiasi Rose , Arnaldo Cezarinho Filipe
Published: May 2024

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Generation of complex beams using flattening of binary gratings
Authors: Ringne A. , Kumar N. , Karmakar S. , Pushkar P. , Krishnan A.
Published: May 2024

The generation of complex beams, such as composite vortex beams, using the logical flattening of two or more co-oriented and registered gratings is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. The geometrical aspects of such gratings were examined to generate composite vortex beams with the desired intensity and orientation. The proposed methodology was extended to produce other complex beams, such as Laguerre Gaussian transformed Hermite Gaussian and composite vortex transformed Airy beams.
Effects of classical drivings on the power broadening of atomic lineshapes
Authors: Hernández-Sánchez L. , Bocanegra-Garay I. A. , Ramos-Prieto I. , Soto-Eguibar F. , Moya-Cessa H. M.
Published: May 2024

In the framework of the Jaynes–Cummings model, we investigate how atomic lineshapes are affected by coherently driving the atom–field interaction. We pay particular attention to the two-level atom interaction with a thermal cavity field when both are influenced by external classical fields. Adopting a density matrix formalism, we calculate the average atomic inversion and demonstrate how the corresponding lineshapes vary as a function of the average number of thermal photons and the atom–field classical coupling. Furthermore, we compare these results with those obtained from the standard Jaynes–Cummings model and validate our findings through numerical calculations.
Strong Raman enhancement in structured colloids: localization of light
Authors: Dipold Jessica , Wetter Niklaus U. , Marques Francisco C. , Freitas Anderson Z. , Dogariu Aristide , Jiménez-Villar Ernesto
Published: May 2024

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique for studying the interaction between light and matter. Here we show a significant enhancement of Raman emission over a broad range of pumping wavelengths from strongly scattering media comprising spatially correlated photonic structures of core–shell TiO2@Silica scatterers mixed with silica nanoparticles and suspended in ethanol. Long-range Coulomb interactions between nanoparticles inside these photonic colloidal structures induce a correlation in the scatterers’ positions (TiO2@Silica), affecting local and global photonic properties. The anomalous enhancement in Raman signal increases as the scattering strength is increased (through either scatterer concentration or pumping wavelength); however, the signal strength continues to behave linearly with excitation power, ruling out classical nonlinear and interferential phenomena. These observations may indicate strong photon correlation in strongly localized electromagnetic modes, inducing successive photon interactions with the atoms or molecules. Aside from the fundamental relevance to understanding measurable properties in this regime of strongly localized electromagnetic modes, our demonstration of strongly enhanced Raman emission over a broad range of pumping wavelengths provides new opportunities for the development of advanced photonic materials and devices.
Characterizing the aggregated encoding method utilizing bursts activated by a VCSEL-neuron with a feedback structure
Authors: Li Nianqiang , Feng Yuhang , Huang Yu , Zhou Pei , Mu Penghua , Xiang Shuiying
Published: May 2024

The rapid advancement of photonic technologies has facilitated the development of photonic neurons that emulate neuronal functionalities akin to those observed in the human brain. Neuronal bursts frequently occur in behaviors where information is encoded and transmitted. Here, we present the demonstration of the bursting response activated by an artificial photonic neuron. This neuron utilizes a single vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and encodes multiple stimuli effectively by varying the spike count during a burst based on the polarization competition in the VCSEL. By virtue of the modulated optical injection in the VCSEL employed to trigger the spiking response, we activate bursts output in the VCSEL with a feedback structure in this scheme. The bursting response activated by the VCSEL-neuron exhibits neural signal characteristics, promising an excitation threshold and the refractory period. Significantly, this marks the inaugural implementation of a controllable integrated encoding scheme predicated on bursts within photonic neurons. There are two remarkable merits; on the one hand, the interspike interval of bursts is distinctly diminished, amounting to merely one twenty-fourth compared to that observed in optoelectronic oscillators. Moreover, the interspike period of bursts is about 70.8% shorter than the period of spikes activated by a VCSEL neuron without optical feedback. Our results may shed light on the analogy between optical and biological neurons and open the door to fast burst encoding-based optical systems with a speed several orders of magnitude faster than their biological counterparts.
Far-field superresolution of thermal sources by double homodyne or double array homodyne detection
Authors: Xie Yanxiang , Liu Hongbo , Sun Hengxin , Liu Kui , Gao Jiangrui
Published: May 2024

We propose two schemes for estimating the separation of two thermal sources via double homodyne and double array homodyne detection considering the joint measurement of conjugate quadratures of the image plane field.By using the Cramér–Rao bound, we demonstrate that the two schemes can estimate the separation well below the Rayleigh limit and have an advantage over direct imaging when the average photon number per source exceeds five.For arbitrary source strengths, double homodyne detection is superior to homodyne detection when the separation is above 25/4σ/N
s
, σ is the beam width, N
s
is the average photon number per source.A larger separation can be estimated better via double array homodyne detection with the superiority of flexible operation compared with other schemes. High-speed and high-efficiency detection enables the measurement schemes with potential practical applications in fluorescence microscopy, astronomy and quantum imaging.
Parametric interaction of laser cavity-solitons with an external CW pump
Authors: Cooper Andrew , Olivieri Luana , Cutrona Antonio , Das Debayan , Peters Luke , Chu Sai Tak , Little Brent , Morandotti Roberto , Moss David J , Peccianti Marco , Pasquazi Alessia
Published: May 2024

We study the interaction of a laser cavity-soliton microcomb with an externally coupled, co-propagating tunable CW pump, observing parametric Kerr interactions which lead to the formation of both a cross-phase modulation and a four-wave mixing replica of the laser cavity-soliton. We compare and explain the dependence of the microcomb spectra from both the cavity-soliton and pump parameters, demonstrating the ability to adjust the microcomb externally without breaking or interfering with the soliton state. The parametric nature of the process agrees with numerical simulations. The parametric extended state maintains the typical robustness of laser-cavity solitons.
Enhanced response over wavelength range of 7–12 µm for quantum wells in asymmetric micro-pillars
Authors: Wei-Wei Liu , Xin-Yang Jiang , Rui Xin , Li Yu , Hui Xia , Ning Li , Zhi-Feng Li , Wei Lu , Tian-Xin Li
Published: May 2024

Efficient coupling in broad wavelength range is desirable for wide-spectrum infrared light detection, yet this is a challenge for intersubband transition in semiconductor quantum wells (QWs). High-Q cavities mostly intensify the absorption at peak wavelengths but with shrinking bandwidth. Here, we propose a novel approach to expand the operating spectral range of the Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIPs). By processing the QWs into asymmetric micro-pillar array structure, the device demonstrates a substantial enhancement in spectral response across the wavelength from 7.1 µm to 12.3 µm with guided mode resonance (GMR) effects. The blackbody responsivity is then increased by 3 times compared to that of the 45° polished edge-coupled counterpart. Meanwhile, the dark current density remains unchanged after the deep etching process, which will benefit the electrical performance of the detector with reduced volume duty ratio. In contrast to the symmetric micro-pillar array that contains simple resonance mode, the detectivity of QWIP in asymmetric pillar structure is found to be improved by 2-4 times within the range of 9.5 µm to 15 µm.
270 MHz passively mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser using single walled carbon nanotube polymer film
Authors: Yan Kaiquan , Dai Lilong , Wang Kai , Huang Qianqian , Huang Zinan , Xu Zishuo , Fang Yinuo , Li Weixi , Wang Mingjiao , Mou Chengbo
Published: May 2024

We demonstrated a short-cavity mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser based on single walled carbon nanotube polymer composite film saturable absorber with a maximum fundamental repetition rate of 270.5 MHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest fundamental repetition rate among mode-locked erbium-doped ring fiber lasers based on nanomaterial polymer composite films. Samples with non-saturable loss range from 13.2% to 60% and modulation depth from 1.63% to 7.08% are prepared by controlling carbon nanotube concentration and film thickness. We systematically investigate the impacts of saturable absorbers on mode-locking repetition rate. Our results show that when the laser repetition rate continuously increases from 15.45 MHz to 270.5 MHz, samples with higher non-saturable loss will push forward the mode-locking threshold and eventually lose mode-locking. In addition, the increased modulation depth will enhance the pulse shaping ability and result in a shorter pulse. Our results may help for high repetition rate mode-locked fiber laser design and improve the laser characteristics. The demonstrated laser may support applications such as frequency comb, etc.
Speckle-free coherent imaging through deep turbulence
Authors: Pellizzari Casey J. , Bate Timothy J. , Mandyam Maya G. , Radosevich Cameron J. , Horst Samuel , Spencer Mark F.
Published: May 2024

We develop and validate a model-based iterative reconstruction framework for digitally correcting coherent images corrupted by deep turbulence. In general, this framework is applicable to coherent-imaging approaches that gain access to the complex-optical field; however, we demonstrate our approach with multi-shot digital holography data. To test our image correction framework, we generate calibrated deep-turbulence conditions from our laboratory testbed. Using the resulting data, we demonstrate groundbreaking performance in terms of speckle-free image correction in deep-turbulence conditions.
Phase shaping of dual-pumped Brillouin–Kerr frequency combs
Authors: Sheveleva Anastasiia , Deroh Moise , Kibler Bertrand , Finot Christophe , Lucas Erwan
Published: May 2024

We investigate the spectral phase characteristics of dual-pumped Kerr frequency combs generated in a bichromatic Brillouin fiber laser architecture with normal dispersion, producing square-like pulse profiles. Using a pulse shaper, we measure the relative phase between the pump Stokes and adjacent lines, revealing a symmetric phase relationship. Our results highlight good phase coherence of the comb. By manipulating spectral amplitudes and phases, we demonstrate the transformation into various optical waveforms. The stability of our low-noise frequency comb ensures reliable performance in practical settings.
Observation of the spin Hall effect of light by a single-photon detector
Authors: Jiang Yinghang , Wu Jiguo , Ge Rongchun , Zhang Zhiyou
Published: May 2024

We use a single-photon detector to detect the spin Hall effect of light (SHEL) of a quasi-single-photon beam obtained in this Letter. The physics of the spin Hall effect and its quantum weak measurement method with a dimensionless pointer are elucidated through particle number representation. Our weak measurement scheme obviates the necessity of high-resolution single-photon array detectors. Consequently, we have successfully observed the spin Hall effect within a 20 ns temporal window using a position-resolution-independent single-photon detector with remarkably low-noise levels. The weak measurement of the dimensionless pointer presented in this Letter boosts both the detection accuracy and the response speed of the photonics spin Hall effect, thereby contributing significantly to fundamental theoretical research in spin photonics and precise measurements of physical property parameters.
Effect of temperature on GaN-integrated optical transceiver chips
Authors: Yan Jiabin , Fang Li , Yan Yiqun , Sun Zhihang , Shi Fan , Shi Zheng , Wang Yongjin
Published: May 2024

The gallium nitride (GaN) integrated optical transceiver chip based on multiple quantum wells (MQW) structure exhibits great promise in the fields of communication and sensing. In this Letter, the effect of ambient temperature on the performance of GaN-integrated optical transceiver chips including a blue MQW light-emitting diode (LED) and a MQW photodiode (PD) is comprehensively studied. Temperature-dependent light-emitting and current–voltage characteristics of the blue MQW LEDs are measured with the ambient temperature ranging from –70°C to 120°C. The experimental results reveal a decline in the electroluminescent (EL) intensity and an obvious redshift in the emission peak wavelength of the LED with increasing ambient temperature. The light detection performance of MQW PD under different temperatures is also measured with the illumination of an external blue MQW LED, indicating an enhancement in the PD sensitivity as the temperature rises. Finally, the temperature effect on the MQW PD under the illumination of the MQW LED on the GaN-integrated optical transceiver chip is characterized, and the PD photocurrent increases with higher ambient temperature. Furthermore, the measured temperature characteristics indicate that the GaN-integrated optical transceiver chip offers a promising application potential for optoelectronic temperature sensor.
Time-domain Vernier effect-based optical fiber sensor
Authors: Han Chunyang , Han Kechuang , Song Mengzhen
Published: May 2024

In this Letter, we demonstrate an easy-to-fabricate time-domain Vernier-effect-based sensor. An all-fiber variable optical delay line (VODL) is utilized to drive an OPD scan of two interferometers simultaneously, and fiber Bragg gratings are used to filter out two slightly detuned time-domain interferometric signals. Then two normalized interferograms with different spatial frequencies can be achieved and utilized to generate an envelope modulation, viz., a Vernier envelope, with enhanced sensitivity in comparison to the native state of the interferometers used. The sensitivity magnification factor of our structure can be regulated simply via altering the resonant wavelength difference of FBGs rather than optimizing the OPDs of the interferometers. The proposed sensor is independent of the precise and complicated fabrication procedures. The Vernier signal can be demodulated without a broadband light source and spectrometer. We argue that the proposed structure may inspire a new concept for constructing simple and cheap Vernier effect-based sensors that are well suited for practical applications.
Multifocal array camera design
Authors: Brady David , Sasian Jose , Zhu Shengtai
Published: May 2024

Traditional cameras rely on focusing mechanisms for high-performance imaging over a large depth range. However, focusing mechanisms are usually complicated, bulky, and costly. Here we consider multifocal array cameras that eliminate the need for focus mechanisms. Lenses with different focal lengths cover different depth ranges, and focusing is achieved digitally by selecting images from the designated channels. Eliminating the need to focus enables simple high-performance designs for individual cameras. Various lens design techniques, including the selection of design forms, aberration correction, athermalization, and lens desensitizing, are discussed in detail.
MGSurvE: A framework to optimize trap placement for genetic surveillance of mosquito populations
Authors: Sánchez C. Héctor M. , Smith David L. , Marshall John M.
Published: May 2024

Genetic surveillance of mosquito populations is becoming increasingly relevant as genetics-based mosquito control strategies advance from laboratory to field testing. Especially applicable are mosquito gene drive projects, the potential scale of which leads monitoring to be a significant cost driver. For these projects, monitoring will be required to detect unintended spread of gene drive mosquitoes beyond field sites, and the emergence of alternative alleles, such as drive-resistant alleles or non-functional effector genes, within intervention sites. This entails the need to distribute mosquito traps efficiently such that an allele of interest is detected as quickly as possible—ideally when remediation is still viable. Additionally, insecticide-based tools such as bednets are compromised by insecticide-resistance alleles for which there is also a need to detect as quickly as possible. To this end, we present MGSurvE (Mosquito Gene SurveillancE): a computational framework that optimizes trap placement for genetic surveillance of mosquito populations such that the time to detection of an allele of interest is minimized. A key strength of MGSurvE is that it allows important biological features of mosquitoes and the landscapes they inhabit to be accounted for, namely: i) resources required by mosquitoes (e.g., food sources and aquatic breeding sites) can be explicitly distributed through a landscape, ii) movement of mosquitoes may depend on their sex, the current state of their gonotrophic cycle (if female) and resource attractiveness, and iii) traps may differ in their attractiveness profile. Example MGSurvE analyses are presented to demonstrate optimal trap placement for: i) an Aedes aegypti population in a suburban landscape in Queensland, Australia, and ii) an Anopheles gambiae population on the island of São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe. Further documentation and use examples are provided in project’s documentation. MGSurvE is intended as a resource for both field and computational researchers interested in mosquito gene surveillance.