bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Similarities and Differences of Expression of Gene in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: A Critical Review
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajahmundry 533 296, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India, Prakash DSRS , Mohan S Murali ,   Department of Biotechnology, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajahmundry 533 296, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: October 2023

This article is totally based on the literature review about expression of gene in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Gene is the part of the DNA that is responsible for the formation of the genotype and then a phenotype. Gene can only be expressed in case of formation of protein. The process of the gene expression is accomplished in the two steps; Transcription and translation. Transcription is the process of the formation of the mRNA. Transcription proceeds in the three steps. In initiation step the RNA polymerase moves on the unwind DNA strand until the promoter sequence is reached, next is the elongation step in the newly synthesized RNA strand elongates, the process terminates as the RNA polymerase realize the termination sequence. After the mRNA is formed it is released into the cytoplasm without any alterations in case of prokaryotes, but in case of eukaryotes post transcriptional modifications takes place which include capping, tailing and splicing. Translation is the process of the formation of protein from mRNA. Translation proceeds in the four steps in which the t RNA is charged, the initiation complex is formed with Met-tRNA at the P site start codon is recognized after binding of the ribosomal subunits to mRNA, in elongation step the peptide bond is formed and the polypeptide chain grows, stop codons enters at the A site and thus the process is terminated. Post translational modications takes place which the initiation amino acid methionine is removed.
Economic Analysis of Integrated Striga Management for Striga control as Influenced by Trap Crops and Inorganic Fertilizer Application in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] at Fedis District, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors:   Fedis Agricultural Research Center, Harar, Ethiopia, Tadesse Fikadu , Biri Alemayehu ,   Fitche Agricultural Research Center, Fitche, Ethiopia
Published: October 2023

Strigais problematic weed causing difficulty in cultivation of sorghum in areas of eastern hararghe where low and erratic rainfall is prevalent and soils are characterized by poor fertility. Knowing these different options of management has been tried however; its cost benefit has never been studied. Therefore, to assess its economic analysis and effect of integrated Striga management on Striga incidence, a field experiment was conducted during the cropping season of 2015 on heavily Striga-infested field in Fedis District, Boko site to determine the effect of trap crops (cowpea, soybean, desmodium, control) and N fertilizer rates (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg N ha-1) on management of Striga incidence and its economic analysis. The experiment was laid out in a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Trap crops were uprooted at maximum above ground fresh biomass. The results indicated significant (P<0.05) main effects of trap crop on emergence of Striga where the lowest (26%) Striga emergence of about was recorded over the control with use of cowpea.Striga count at harvest of sorghum was significantly (P< 0.05) affected by the interaction effect of trap crop and N fertilizer where 46 kg N ha-1 and use of cowpea as trap crop reduced the number of Striga seed bank by about 52.3% over the control treatment. The partial budget analysis also showed that the highest(47998.8 Birr ha-1) net benefit was obtained with the use of cowpea as a trap crop and 46kgN ha-1 application. Thus, the use of cowpea as trap crop and 46 kg N ha-1was found to be promising both agronomical and economically
Alternative-Based Breeding Schemes for Designing Genetic Improvement of Indigenous Goats in the Western Lowlands of Ethiopia
Authors:   Department of Animal Sciences, Assosa University, Ethiopia, Zewdie Befikadu
Published: October 2023

Without well-designed national animal genetic improvement schemes, achieving and monitoring genetic gains is difficult. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to compare designs of alternative-based breeding schemes for genetic improvement of western lowland Arab goats. In the current study, four schemes for the village-based were designed and evaluated for sustainable and operationally feasible breeding programs. The results indicated that monetary genetic gains for the central nucleus scheme were higher than the village-based schemes. Among the central nucleus-based, scheme-5 gave the highest genetic progress in monetary terms (31.27/doe/year). Scheme-1 produced high genetic improvement and was the most efficient of all other village schemes. The trait of more significant genetic gain for the six-month weight (6MW) was predicted from central nucleus scheme-5, and scheme-1 was the highest among the village schemes. The results showed that the central nucleus-based plans were fairly superior to the village-based breeding scheme in terms of annual genetic response and profit. However, the central scheme was not appreciable under smallholder breeders’ management practices since it requires high investments. Given this limitation, a cooperative village scheme linked with a central nucleus scheme is the best option for fast genetic gains and profits. Nonetheless, to upgrade the entire Arab goat flocks which are kept under small-scale farmers’ conditions, scheme-1 could be used as an alternative option.
Composite Estimation of Permeability in Identified Hydrocarbon Reservoirs of Langbodo Field Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Adepehin Damilare S , Dasho Oluwaseyi A , Amanyi Matthew I , Babinisi Ayodeji B , Salawu Abdulazeez O , Adikwu Stephen O , Onoja Emmanuel D , Ngbede Inalegwu A
Published: October 2023

This study identified the fluid types and boundaries present within selected reservoirs in
Langbodo field, using petrophysical parameters based on estimated rock properties such as porosity, permeability, irreducible water saturation, hydrocarbon saturation and bulk water volume. This was with a view to correcting the salient reservoirs heterogeneities anomalies error inherent in building of an ideal realistic reservoir models. The quality of the data obtained were checked and despiked to eliminate null values. Petrel version 2009 and OpendTect 4.6.0 Exploration and production softwares were used for the quality interpretations of data, such as lithology identification, delineation of potential reservoirs and determination of fluids and fluids contacts. Estimation of quantitative petrophysical parameters were done by inputting the data into Microsoft excel 2015 version softwares and adopting appropriate mathematical
relations, such as the Tixier, Timur and the Coates and Dumanoir models for the permeability (K). Realistic estimation of the permeability was done by comparing the average of the Tixier, Timur and the Coates and Dumanoir models with each of the models. The composite model obtained, mirrors the behavior of the Timur’s permeability which is higher than that of the Tixier and the Coates and Dumanoir. Integration of the Achie’s equation and neutron – density crossplot confirmed the presence of substantial hydrocarbon in the reservoirs, although producibility indicators revealed that the reservoirs may not be producible without enhanced oil recovery method(s). This study established that the composite model is a better representation of K in the study area because it agrees with the Timur’s estimation model.
Study of Rain-Induced Signal Degradation of Terrestrial Radio Links within Minna and Lapai, North-Central, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Tyabo A , David Oyedum O , Benjamin Ayantunji G , Enoch Elemo O , Ladan Muhammad B , Yabagi Jibrin A , Babakacha Ndanusa
Published: October 2023

Rain attenuation is a major source of impairment to signal degradation at millimetre wave bands above 10 GHz. This research work determines the extent of signal degradation due to rainfall on terrestrial radio links within Minna and Lapai. The meteorological rainfall data collected from the Automatic Weather Stations installed at the Federal University of Technology, Minna, and at Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, for a period of 3 years (2011-2013) were used to compute the rainfall attenuation on Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. The Lavergnat-Gole (LG) model was used for the conversion of cumulative distributions of rainfall of 5-min to 1-min integration time in Minna and Lapai respectively. The LG model was used to estimate the rain attenuation in the two stations at a frequency range of 10-18 GHz. The relationship between rain rate and specific attenuation was studied using three years rainfall data. It was observed that a power-law relationship exists between rainfall rates of different
integration times. The results for the rain rate exceeded for 0.01% of time, show that the
horizontal polarisation experiences more degradation than the vertical polarisation. The results also show that specific and total attenuations increase with increasing operational frequency, and are polarisation-dependent. These results would be useful for planning terrestrial radio networks within the study area.
Preliminary Investigation of Soil and Sediments Using Magnetic Susceptibility Method in Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Solomon Jatto S , Ogechukwu Nwodo M , Musa Kizito O
Published: October 2023

Over the years, there has been significant increase in population and urbanization in Kogi State as a result of rural - urban migration. This has become a major threat to soil sustainability which is a natural non-renewable resource. The aim of this research is to carry out magnetic susceptibility mapping on the surface and subsurface soil of Kogi State using environmental magnetism techniques and geochemical analysis. The susceptibility test on rock samples and background soil samples within the study area shows an average of about 112.0 × 10^-5 SI. The magnetic susceptibility measurement on soil from Kogi State shows magnetic susceptibility enhancement of about (450.0 - 700.0) × 10^-5 SI. These values were dominant along the major towns, road pavements and commercial areas at the surface to a depth of about 50.0 cm in soil profiles. The 2D spatial distribution of magnetic susceptibility with depth reveals that these magnetic grains are distributed in the subsurface as a result of anthropogenic loading. The frequency-dependence of magnetic susceptibility (χfd%) values are very low (2 - 10.0 %) in most of the areas on the surface soil. These values indicate that the magnetic properties are predominantly contributed by the coarse multi-domain (MD) and stable single-domain (SSD) grains of anthropogenic origin. Atomic Absorbtion Spectrometer (AAS) analysis of these soil samples indicates the presence of Lead (300.0 - 900.0) mg/l and Cadmium (20.0 - 60.0) mg/l in large concentration at the surface soil in most part of the Kogi State. While Chromium show relatively low concentration on the surface soil. From the statistical correlation analysis, Lead and Cadmium show high positive correlation with magnetic susceptibility. These results suggests that the high enhancement of magnetic susceptibility on the surface and sub-surface soil in most part of Kogi State arise from anthropogenic activities rather than lithological and pedogenic processes and most likely cause by high concentration of Lead and Cadmium.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Loadings of Water and Sediment of River Enumabia in Orokam,
Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Onoja Emmanuel D , Amanyi Matthew I Amanyi , Onwoke Elijah E , Ngbede Inalegwu A , Lukuman Bashiru
Published: October 2023

Enumabia being the only surviving river in Orokam community gave us the concern to assess the concentration of heavy metals in water and sediment in the river. 20 samples of water and Sediment were taken from four (4) different points 20 meters apart and analysed for heavy metals by the use of AA-700 Dual Atomizer Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer in Energy Research Centre, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. In water, the concentration of Fe ranges from 0.7669 to 0.9214 mg/l, Pb ranges from 1.3300 to 1.7210 mg/l, As ranges from 0.9032 to 2.0120 mg/l, and there was no concentration of Hg, Cr and Al. The concentration of metals in the water samples are at the range of permissible limit set by World Health Organization (WHO) except Pb, and As that are fairly higher than the permissible limit. In sediment, the concentration of Fe ranges from 128.8812 to 113.9563 mg/l, Pb ranges from 0.2500 to 0.9520 mg/l, Cr ranges from 0.1240 to 0.6676 mg/l, Al ranges from 10.0000 to 16.0000 mg/l, As ranges from 0.0000 to 1.1240 mg/l, Cu ranges from 0.2420 to 0.8490 mg/l and there was no concentration of Hg. The concentration of Fe, Pb, Cr and As in the sediment exceeded the standards set by WHO. This presence could be detrimental to plant, human being and aquatic life. Since there is fast accumulation of toxic and carcinogenic metals present in the water and sediment samples collected from Enumabia River in Orokam there is need for a follow up study to determine how the human and aquatic lives have been affected.
Features for teaching limit theory to high school students
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi Kazakh-Turkish International University, Ismailova S. A. , Nazarova G. J. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi Kazakh-Turkish International University
Published: October 2023

This article is devoted to a deeper study and analysis of the theory of limits and is devoted to all aspects that allow you to apply theoretical knowledge in practice, to gain comprehensive knowledge when studying the theory of limits of higher mathematics. In this paper, the authors’ works related to the topic of restrictions are considered. The article discusses current topics related to the theory of limits and various methods of solving mathematical problems. The curriculum on the subject of algebra initiatives of analysis of the natural-matematical direction is provided and the analysis of textbooks is carried out, the advantages of textbooks are shown. In the course of research work, control, questionarre, pedagogical methods were used, a pedagogical analysis of the literature related to the research topic was carried out. In addition, it was proposed to present information in the form of an effective form of presentation – presentation, in our case, in the form of a scheme aimed at ensuring that students memorize formulas longer and can intelligently use formulas when solving problems. Discussing the results of the survey, it was found that students interested in solving problematic problems, ready to work with additional literature, are able to complete tasks. The results of the scientific research can be used as an auxiliary tool for mathematics specialists who teach algebra and analysis courses according to the school curriculum.
Developing Web Application For The Student Affairs Department Using The ASP.Net MVC Architecture
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi Kazakh-Turkish International University, Ismagulova J.S. , Kazbekova G.N. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi Kazakh-Turkish International University, Ozer S. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi Kazakh-Turkish International University
Published: October 2023

The developments in internet technology have led many institutions to renew themselves in various fields, and one of them is educational institutions. Especially for the student affairs departments of universities, having an effective web application has become important with the developing technology. All universities that prioritize development should have a strong and interactive student affairs web application that will not only promote the university but also facilitate the implementation of related student affairs from a design and software perspective. It has been found that the error rate in student affairs significantly decreases with web applications, and the unit performance in terms of access and service to students also significantly increases. In this study, the Student Affairs Department web application was developed based on ASP.Net MVC (Model View Controller) technology. ASP.Net MVC technology enables web applications to be more secure, easier to design, and code. The model-view-controller system has provided convenience in the organization of both the front-end and back-end structures. Microsoft SQL was used as the database, and the Code First approach was preferred as the database method. The Language Integrated Query component was used in the back-end structure for communication with the database. Overall, this design allows for easy updates, optimization, and dynamization of the code, as well as removing repetitions from the code.
The appearance of Arabic and Persian words in the “Hikmets” of Yasawi
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Mansurov N.B.
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the reasons for the appearance of Arabic and Persian words in the hikmet of Khoja Akhmet Yasawi. The main principle of the study is to highlight why borrowed words were needed, to identify the presence of religious themes that served as the basis for their use, and the maturity of Yasawi's religious knowledge. Thus, to show the spiritual nature of the personality common to the Turkmen people, to describe the meaning of their religious and spiritual teachings. Such searches systematically reveal the meaningful nature of the Hikmet Yasawi and reveal the meaning of borrowed words in it, as well as provide an opportunity to comprehend their lexical and semantic meaning. At the same time, for a deep understanding of the Hikmets of Khoja Akhmet Yasawi, it becomes necessary to determine the semantic nature of the words used in it. Therefore, it is important to analyze the linguistic use of ancient wisdom, as well as Arabic and Persian words and expressions. This, in turn, will be the main reason for understanding the wisdom and clarifying the ultimate purpose of each thought and the meaning of language use in hikmet. For this reason, the article considered Arabic and Persian words in hikmet as the object of research. In the course of the study, the borrowed words in the hikmet Yasawi were analyzed and the meanings were highlighted. The values of the effects were compared and their existing content was revealed. The peculiarities of the Hikmet language were also noted and statistical data of Arabic and Persian words that took place in use were shown.
Scientific Conclusions of the Alash Leader A. Baitursynuly on the Classification of Sounds of the Kazakh Language
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics named after Akhmet Baitursunuly, Soltanbekova A.A. , Sherieva G.T. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Satkenova Zh.B. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: October 2023

The article will consider the scientific conclusions of A.Baitursynuly on how common sounds are created in the Kazakh language, spelling, spelling, correct spelling of sounds in the history of writing. It is noted that in the period from 1910 to 1927, the linguistic techniques used to designate the classification of consonant sounds, the order of their arrangement, the phonemic meaning of each sound, the results of a complete reform of the sound system were defined in the works “Til – kural”, “Oku kuraly”, “Til zhumsar”. It is also noted that A. Baitursynuly dedicated a symbol based on Arabic graphics to Kazakh sounds, not resembling the Arabic national letter and spoken language. It says that the goal is not to fundamentally resemble Arabic, not to fully penetrate into speech, to create a Kazakh national alphabetic system dedicated not only to the consonant, but also to the vowel. Based on the works “Til – kural”, “Oku kuraly”, “Sauat ashkysh”, “Til zhumsar” published since 1912, it was found that the scientist accidentally did not apply the system of consonant sounds to words ending in a consonant, based on the lines of synhormonism, assimilation, dissimilation, guided by the phonetic principle in the construction of the Arabic Kazakh alphabet and spelling. It is noted that the statement of A. Baitursynuly as a scientist, as a linguist about the sound features of the Kazakh language as “sound units that distinguish the lexical, morphemic meanings of each sound” hints at the concept of phoneme in modern linguistics. It is scientifically analyzed that in order to determine the sound specificity, structure, method of creation, phonemic meaning of consonant sounds k, k, g, g, w, with the help of oral hollow organs, auditory, speech moments, a system of sound sounds is determined. The practical significance of the conclusions formulated in the article is relevant for linguists, Akhmetologists, literary critics and other readers.
Cognitive Semantics of the Concept «kȍk» in Creating Emotional Concepts
Authors:   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Pansat Zh.M. , Issaeva Zh.I. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Mamayeva G.B. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2023

The article examines the emotional nuances of the Kazakh language concept kȍk in language use. The research article reviews the works of scientists who studied the semantic meaning of the names of species and colors in domestic and foreign linguistics and linguistic units in expressing human feelings. The linguistic character of the concept of kȍk is analyzed, revealing the cognitive nature of emotional, expressive words. In addition, a cognitive and linguistic analysis was made of the words expressing inner excitement through the intuition of a person, which is often used in connection with the lexeme kȍk in our language. The linguistic image of the world through the concept of kȍk in national culture and text through the words that express the mood of a person allows to reveal the inner world of humanity and thereby to observe the level of acceptance of joy and sorrow of the whole people. The main goal of the scientific article is to cognitively analyze the emotional tone of the color kȍk within the conceptual field of color names. In the research article, the emotional aspects of the colors and the color kȍk are considered from a cognitive point of view. There are still many problems in Kazakh linguistics, which have not been deeply studied, undiscovered, and undefined aspects of emotional signs of colors. In our modern research, we will consider the emotional aspects of the color kȍk in a linguistic and cognitive manner. From the linguistic point of view, the emotional meaning of kȍk in phraseological words is emphasized individually, and their cognitive nature in linguistic and cultural cognition is deeply studied.
Features of Preparing Future Mathematics Teachers for the Implementation of Logical Tasks
Authors:   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Ibragimov R. , Kalimbetov B. ,   M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan University, Khabibullaev Zh. ,   M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan University
Published: October 2023

This article describes the types of logical tasks in Mathematics textbooks of the main school according to the updated program and the characteristic features of the methodological training of future mathematics teachers in their implementation. The issue of preparing students for the implementation of logical tasks is considered. Methods and techniques for improving the logical thinking of students studying in the specialty of a mathematics teacher are outlined. The main task of teaching mathematics is the development of logical thinking and logical training of students. Accounting in the ability to think logically, along with the interest of a student who comes to school, is the main task of a mathematics teacher. Therefore, it is necessary to train future teachers of mathematics as young specialists capable of developing logical literacy of students using effective teaching technologies. This leads to the need to increase the requirements for the quality of teaching students in general schools and, accordingly, the quality of training of future teachers in pedagogical universities. However, only supplementing the process of training students with new content, increasing the amount of knowledge communicated to students is not able to solve the task of raising the quality of teacher training to the level of modern requirements. The solution to this problem, in our opinion, lies in the systematization of fundamental training of future teachers, should be logical training that allows students to be confident in critical thinking, analysis, reasoning and reasoning, maintain and justify their point of view.
STUDYING BIODIVERSITY IN THE PROCESS OF TRAINING FUTURE BIOLOGY TEACHERS
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, TAVSTUHA O.G. , BAIKHOZHAEVA G.M. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, IBADULLAYEVA S.Zh. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University
Published: October 2023

This article discusses the issues of studying biological diversity in the process of preparing future teachers of biology. Currently, issues of biodiversity conservation are considered at the global, regional and local levels. The intensification of the use of natural resources, the growing rate of environmental pollution in the 20th century, led to crisis phenomena and in many cases caused environmental disasters. Anxiety for the future of the planet today is recognized by society and today it becomes obvious that it is impossible to ensure the stability of the biosphere with technical solutions, since the current environmental crisis is largely due to the crisis of culture. The interaction of man with nature, the sustainability of life on Earth will be possible if the achievements of science, education and culture as a whole are focused on developing an understanding of nature as a universal and absolute value. The key role in overcoming the crisis and transition to sustainable development belongs to the education system. Science and education are the core of modern civilization. The unity of the educational and scientific processes is a necessary condition for the development of the individual and the harmonious training of a highly qualified specialist. Determining the scientific foundations and developing a methodology for studying the content of biodiversity in the process of preparing future biology teachers at the university. The study of the content on biodiversity in the process of preparing biology students at a university can contribute to the successful formation of knowledge and skills that contribute to the formation of professional competencies of a biology teacher. The survey of students allowed us to obtain results indicating a low quality of assimilation of basic knowledge, revealing the content and related to the concept of “biodiversity”. At the ascertaining stage of the study, in order to identify the state of the problem of the formation of biological students' knowledge about biodiversity, a control cross-section of knowledge was conducted. The results of the control cross-section of knowledge indicate that the knowledge about the levels of biodiversity and approaches to biodiversity conservation is the weakest among students. The majority of students assimilated knowledge, the control of which was carried out within the framework of the ascertaining experiment, and corresponded to levels II and III, which in turn confirms the relevance of the research problem.
Effectiveness of Using Elements of Mathematical Analysis in Solving Non-Standard Problems
Authors:   IT School-Lyceum No.23 named after Zh. Tashenova, Kazakbayeva G.K. , Nazarova K.Zh. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: October 2023

This article discusses the properties of complex functions, methods This article discusses the properties of complex functions, ways to use the physical and geometric meaning of the derivative when solving problems, ways to find an effective solution using the derivative when solving applied, including socio-economic problems. The study included an analysis of how students solve problems based on a pedagogical experiment, an analysis of documents to describe the mathematical methods chosen when solving problems using the interview method, as well as algorithms used in solving them. As a result of the study, special attention was paid to methodological recommendations for studying the elements of mathematical analysis in a school mathematics course, as well as methods for solving typical mathematical problems encountered in state exams and olympiads in mathematics in grades 9-11. The results of scientific research on analyzing and demonstrating solutions to non-standard and Olympic problems of various levels of complexity together with the student are presented. As a result of the study, several methods were proposed as an effective way to solve non-standard problems associated with elements of mathematical analysis. The result of scientific research can be used as auxiliary material when solving non-standard problems at school, lyceum or gymnasium, where mathematics is taught in depth.
STRUCTURAL-SUBSTANTIVE MODEL OF FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL CREATIVITY OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, BURAYEVA Zh. , SULTANMURAT M. ,   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2023

Socio-economic development in society reflects the high demand for a creative person who can successfully solve problems and change their behavior. Modern conditions increase the need for active, business-minded, creative professionals who are able to move forward and solve various problems on their own in non-standard situations. To be confident in the face of constant change, a future computer science teacher must activate his or her creativity and help students discover their potential and focus on solving the problem. The social demand for education is determined by the needs of the state, society and social groups. In this regard, the social order for creative people capable of creativity, striving for innovation and scientific achievements, non-standard, original thinking makes the issue of formation of pedagogical creativity of future computer science teachers relevant. The purpose of the structural and content model of the formation of pedagogical creativity of future teachers of computer science is to form their ability to pedagogical creativity: the student's understanding of the meaning and content of pedagogical creativity; aspiration of the student to the formation of pedagogical creativity. Creativity and innovation are an integral part of the learning process and the basis of all disciplines. They are an important aspect of how to teach in the process. In addition, creativity and innovation are crucial for teachers who are improving their professional skills. In terms of creativity, teachers play an important and key role in universities, as they provide organizational support for innovation and creativity in the teaching process. The high level of creativity of teachers contributes to the development of students - to increase their competence and demand in the labor market. However, if there is a big difference between the high level of creativity of the teacher and the low level of perception of students, the high creativity of the teacher has a negative impact. In addition, factors that may have a negative impact are: irrationalism on one or both sides; lack of constructivism, low level of communication skills of the teacher; lack of feedback in the learning process, etc. The considered world trends in the development of education are general. In addition, there are new trends in the development of different types and levels of education, depending on their goals, characteristics, the nature of implementation and the new social requirements for the level of training of relevant graduates.
The Evolution and Future of DAOs: Embracing AI and New Technologies
Authors: Shi Jianzheng
Published: October 2023

Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) represent a paradigm shift in the realm of organizational structures, leveraging blockchain technology to operate autonomously through smart contracts and collective decision-making. This article delves into the evolution and potential future of DAOs, emphasizing the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and emerging technologies. Drawing from seminal literature, the article underscores the transformative potential of DAOs in reshaping organizational governance, contract formulation, and decentralized operations. The integration of AI promises enhanced efficiency, predictive insights, and a personalized member experience. As DAOs evolve, they are poised to redefine the fabric of organizational design and operation in the digital age.
Inclusión socioeducativa y atención a la diversidad en una institución de educación superior de Ecuador
Authors: Pacheco Lemus Andrea Eugenia , Guerra Iglesias Sonia , García Cobas Rudy
Published: October 2023

La educación inclusiva debe fomentar la disponibilidad de diversas oportunidades de aprendizaje que permitan la participación de los alumnos en actividades con sus compañeros, así como proporcionar el apoyo necesario para que esto ocurra. En este proceso, los docentes desempeñan un papel estratégico al promover prácticas que atiendan a la diversidad. Por lo tanto, las competencias que los docentes posean en términos de enseñanza, organización, comunicación e inclusión son cruciales para facilitar, en lugar de limitar, el aprendizaje y la participación en el aula. El objetivo de la investigación consistió en evaluar las competencias de los docentes en atención a la diversidad en el contexto de una institución de educación superior y para ello se aplicó a una muestra de 30 docentes el cuestionario para la evaluación de competencias del profesorado en atención a la diversidad considerando el contexto de la educación superior ecuatoriana. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los docentes muestran un sólido compromiso con la atención a la diversidad en el aula, pero existen áreas de mejora, como la gestión del tiempo y la evaluación individualizada.
Reading Mark 9:38-40 with the Prism of Ecumenism in Nigeria
Authors: Jatau Paul Danbaki
Published: October 2023

The effort to institute ecumenism in Nigeria has met with persistent failure. Although the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) was formed to promote unity among the various Christian denominations in the country, it has not been able to achieve its goal. Through the millennia, Mark 9:38-40 has been used to support official and unofficial ecumenism and religious dialogue activities. This study aims to investigate Jesus’ synoptic utterances, combining redaction-critical and socio-historical analysis to re-present the interpretations of such New Testament echoes of what Jesus expects of the Church of our day. The exegesis of the text is founded on two major assumptions: first, pluralistic expressions were remnants of Christianity before 70 AD. Second, such diverse representations must be understood in their biblical canonical context, as well as in relation to later early Church efforts to streamline theology and ecclesial institutions. If successful, these must also point the way forward in the quest for Christian unity and peaceful coexistence, but we may need to reinterpret the purposes of ecumenism and dialogue.
Indian Adults and Covid-19 Scenario
Authors: Parikh Dr. Varsha , Damor Ms. Priyanka
Published: October 2023

In order to understand the knowledge and practices used by the selected respondents in adopting a new normal to resist the COVID-19 pandemic age, the current study, titled Knowledge and Practices towards COVID-19 of the People of Ahmedabad City of Gujarat State, was conducted. 200 respondents from Ahmedabad City, aged 21 to 58, were chosen using a convenient sampling method. An online questionnaire using Google Forms was designed and executed using different social platforms such as email, WhatsApp, and text messages. In the study, descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and frequency and percentages for discrete variables were used. Results of this study showed that social media was the most commonly accessed source of information on COVID-19 and that a large majority of respondents had greater access to information about it. Further, the majority of the respondents had a higher level of knowledge and were well-informed on the signs and symptoms, the spread of the disease, and preventive measures, but they were only partially or incorrectly informed about the recommended hand hygiene practices and risk factors that could increase the virus’s ability to spread. Nevertheless, more than half (54%) of the responders had inadequate COVID-19 practices. With regard to the variables of education and occupation, there were significant disparities in the respondents’ practices. The results of this study could serve as a baseline for NGOs, government officials, and other stakeholders as they reform and rebuild risk communication programs for such highly contagious diseases.
DETECTION OF BIOFILM PRODUCTION AMONG MBLS-PRODUCING PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA CARRYING ALGD, PELF, PSLD GENES ISOLATED FROM BURN CENTER IN AL-NAJAF GOVERNORATE, IRAQ
Authors: K. ALKHUDHAIRY Miaad , M. RASOOL Zahraa
Published: October 2023

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a worldwide cause of chronic and acute infections of burn wounds. Aim of study: Detection of algD, pelF, and pslD genes encoding biofilm formation among isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that producing metallo β-lactamases. Materials and Methods: 93 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from 362 inpatients with infected burn wounds at the burn center in Al-Najaf Governorate, Iraq, from September 2022 to February 2023. Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were identified microscopically, phenotypically, culturally, and biochemically then by using the double-disc synergy method to test their capacity to produce metallo β-lactamases. Out of the 25 MBLs-producers, 22 (88%) were biofilm-producing isolates when tested by tissue culture plate method, 4 (16%), 10 (40%), and 8 (32%) were, respectively, weak, medium, and strongly biofilm producers. 25 metallo β-lactamases-producers under study, which had previously been evaluated using biofilm phenotypic method, were subjected to the investigation of biofilm encoding genes by using polymerase chain reaction technique. This molecular technique detected 21 (84%) isolates carried single and multiple biofilm encoding genes, 10(40%) isolates had algD gene, 6 (24%) isolates harbored algD and pslD genes and 5(20%) isolates carried algD, pelF and pslD genes. The single pslD and pelF genes were not detected among test isolates. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of biofilmproducers among metallo β-lactamases-producing P. aeruginosa isolates. In addition, a clear positive correlation was observed between the multiple genes encoding biofilm and the degree of biofilm production among metallo β-lactamases-producers and close association between metallo β-lactamases and biofilms production, which explains the prevalence of carbapenems resistance and biofilm-production in this study because biofilm provides the appropriate environment for antibiotic resistance in general and carbapenems in particular
ANOVA ANALYSIS FOR MONITORING PERFORMANCE OF CONTACT TIME-DEPENDENT MULTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCNTs) FOR REMOVAL ELEMENTS OF INDUSTRIAL REFINERY WASTEWATER
Authors: I.ABDULGAFOUR H. , H. AL-DHAROB Mohammad , M. ABDALHADI Saifaldeen , HATHAL Mustafa
Published: October 2023

In this article, multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was used to remove contaminants from wastewater of the Al-Dora refinery in Baghdad\ Iraq and all data were studied and analyzed by the ANOVA method. A total suspended solids (TSS), nitrate oxides (NO3, NO2), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and trihalomethanes (THMs) have been detected at a range time limit between 10 to 80 mins with an increasing 10 mins for each step in experiments. A significant difference in the value of organic contaminants has been observed by using MWCNTs as an anti-pollutant, with the best value after 70 mins. Statistical calculations were applied to analyze all the results with the function of time such as models, coded coefficients, regression equations in un-coded units, and the effects of Pareto, by using Minitab software. These results show models of the treatment and absorption stages according to the sizes and lengths of the hydrocarbon bonds
IMMUNOLOGICAL DETECTION OF RUBELLA VIRUS IN ABORTED WOMEN OF ALMUTHANNA PROVINCE
Authors: Ayad AL-NUAIMY Wafaa , Abd Alrazak DAKL Adian , Aqeel Abdul MUNEM Hawraa , Zegheer HUSSEIN Sarah , Qasim WAHEEB Mohammed , A . AL NUAIMY Ahmed , M. NAHAB Hedaa
Published: October 2023

Objectives: Maternal infection with rubella virus during gestation should be considered a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes in human, so, the study aimed to detect Rubella virus in aborted women using serological technique. Methodology: The samples were collected at Al-Muthanna Teaching Hospital. Forty nine women were selected for this study, who had a single or repeated miscarriages , and with a physician's referral, they had the TORCH (Toxoplasma, Rubella, CMV, and Herpes) test to establish the exact cause of their loss. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay IgG was done to diagnose the Rubella virus infection. Results: The results showed that 9 (18.3%) were positive for Rubella indirect ELISA IgG. Conclusions : High prevalence of rubella virus among Iraqi aborted women in Almuthanna Province. Early diagnosis will help in proper managemen
ARTICLE REVIEW: ENHANCED APPROACHES FOR HIGH LEVEL OF SECURITY USING BASICALLY RAIL FENCE ALGORITHM
Authors: M. HOOBI Mays
Published: October 2023

Due to the security issues, online information sharing has currently become a serious challenge. Therefore, new methods are needed for safeguarding and protecting shared data over an unsecured channel. The art of obtaining security through encoding messages and rendering them unintelligible is known as cryptography, which is the science of securing data. This science aid to encrypt data such that it could be decrypted independently of the sender. A variety of algorithms are available for decrypting and encrypting data, including (Caesar, Rail Fence, Hill cipher, Vigenere, and others). They are frequently utilized in conjunction with other ciphers or other methods to make a product cipher, which increases the complexity of encryption. This study reviews different effective methods from a number of earlier works. The findings demonstrate that each work utilized a particular enhancement regarding Rail Fence algorithm with various data types (image, text, and others) in order to achieve a high level of security
Effectiveness of E-Learning on Students’ Learning Process at Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Authors: Ochoo Olivia Susan , Mwalw’a Shem , Nduku Elizabeth
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The main aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of eLearning on the student’s learning process at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa. The research questions addressed the following areas: how students access educational learning resources on e-learning platforms, how eLearning has been integrated into the process of learning, how eLearning integrations affect students’ learning process, how computer-based learning influences students'’ completion rate at the CUEA, how e-learning and traditional learning environments significantly relate to students’ learning process, the challenges that are associated with e-learning, and the mitigation measures the university is taking to resolve the eLearning challenges.

Methodology: The researcher used an integrated mixed-method approach involving qualitative and quantitative paradigms. Probability and non-probability sampling techniques were used. The target population for the research was 816 out of which, 260 respondents were sampled.  From the sampled population, 218 participated in the research making an 85% return rate. The hypothesis was tested using chi-square, while internal consistency was used to ensure the internal reliability of the research instruments. Cronbach validity was used to validate the Likert scale items.  Besides, correlation was used to find out the relationships between the dependent and independent variables. The researcher obtained approval from the faculty of education and permission from NARCOSTI to collect data from the respondents.

Findings: The research findings revealed that independent variables, eLearning benefits, eLearning resources, eLearning incentives, and eLearning integration contribute to students’ learning process. The research further revealed that the introduction of a favorable and supportive eLearning environment positively influences Students’ Learning Processes. The researcher concluded that eLearning contributes to the effective learning process of students, therefore, is imperative to be embraced. 

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The researcher recommended that the government, curriculum developers and IHL focus on Instructional design, build a strong Learning management system, guidelines and policy, comparative analysis, leverage Cultural and Global perspectives, eLearning accessibility, engagement, Assessment and evaluation of the eLearning platform. Besides, the students subscribing to the eLearning platform should be given proper orientation in order to navigate the platform easily.
Nutritional Values and Their Potential Applications in Food Products of Krabok Seed (Irvingia malayana)
Authors: Preecharram Sutthidech , Phosri Santi , Theansungnoen Tinnakorn , Roschat Wuttichai , Arthan Supakorn , Lasopha Sudkamon , Jandaruang Jinda
Published: October 2023

This investigation examined the nutritional value, mineral content, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of uncooked and cooked Krabok seeds. Proximate analysis was carried out to determine the nutrient composition of uncooked and cooked Krabok seeds. The average fat, protein, carbohydrate, moisture, ash, and fiber contents were found to be 75.42, 11.78, 6.72, 2.68, 1.85 and 1.54 %, respectively. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was employed for the quantitative analysis of total phenolic compounds. All 6 samples of Krabok seeds extracted, both cooked and uncooked, were extracted using hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol, and subjected to the test. All the extracted samples contained phenolic compounds, with amounts ranging from 29.10 to 130.26 µg GAE/mL. The highest levels of phenolic compounds were observed in the ethanolic extract of cooked Krabok seeds. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using the DPPH assay. The scavenging activity of the extracted Krabok seed samples ranged from 9.84 to 62.31 %. The ethanolic extract of uncooked Krabok seeds exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. To assess the toxicity of the Krabok seed extract, HaCaT, Vero and RAW 264.7 cell liness were employed using the MTT technique. The results revealed that cell survival remained above 80 % for all doses of both uncooked and cooked Krabok seed extracts. These findings suggest that Krabok seeds are a valuable source of fat and other essential nutrients. The crude ethanolic extract exhibited a significant amount of phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Therefore, it could be utilized in the production of snacks or cosmetics.
HIGHLIGHTS

Krabok seeds has high nutrients and energy value.
Krabok seeds has high phenolic compounds and non-toxic to cells.
Krabok seeds were thought to be an inexpensive source of nutrients and a reliable supply of prospective culinary ingredients.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT