bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inherited thrombophilia and recurrent pregnancy loss: a single-center case-control study in North-Western Algeria
Authors: Nassour-Mokhtari Ilhem , Loukidi Bouchra , Moussouni Abdellatif , Bettioui Reda , Benhabib Riad , Merzouk Hafida , Aouar Amaria , Allal-Taouli Katia
Published: August 2020

Background

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a common disorder that affects around 3 to 5% of pregnant women. It has different causes, and in about 50%, it is of unknown etiology. Thrombophilia might increase the risk of RPL by adversely affecting the normal placental vascular function. Our study aimed to determine the frequency of factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin G20210A gene mutations in Algerian women with RPL and to correlate their presence with the occurrence of such health’s problem. A total of 80 women with previous fetal losses and 100 age-matched women with no history of fetal loss were recorded. Participants were tested for activated protein C resistance (APCR), protein C (PC), protein S (PS), and antithrombin (AT) deficiencies. The screening of FVL and prothrombin G20210A mutations was also done using a duplex polymerase chain reaction.

Results

APCR was detected in 6.25% of cases and was absent in controls (p = 0.011). PC and PS deficiencies were documented in 7.5% of patients. FVL was detected in 8.33% of patients and was absent in controls (p = 0.047). Prothrombin G20210A mutation was found in 8.33% of patients compared to 11.11% of controls (p = 0.631). A significant association of FVL mutation with the abortion which occurred in the second trimester was found (p = 0.001).

Conclusion

There is a significant association between FVL mutation and RPL especially the loss occurring during the second trimester. No correlation was found regarding prothrombin G20210A mutation.
Ectopic testis: an experience of a tertiary-level urology center at Upper Egypt
Authors: Gadelkareem Rabea Ahmed , Shahat Ahmed Abdelhamid , Reda Ahmed , Moeen Ahmed Mohamed , Abdelhafez Mohamed Farouk , Abughanima Mahmoud Farouk , Mansour Osama , Mohammed Nasreldin , Osman Mahmoud Mohammed , Elderwy Ahmed Abdelaziz , Hammouda Hisham Mokhtar
Published: August 2020

Background

Testicular ectopia is defined as a testis which is located away from the normal pathway of testicular descent and outside its ipsilateral hemiscrotum. Controversies have been raised about considering the abdominal and inguinal ectopic testes as undescended ones. Our purpose was to review our center’s experience with the diagnosis and management of testicular ectopia focusing on the inguinal ectopic testis. Retrospectively, we studied the clinical and surgical characteristics of a case series of testicular ectopia which was managed in our center during July 2001–June 2016.

Results

Out of 1132 patients with undescended testes, 44 cases (3.9%) had testicular ectopia. Twenty-three cases (mean age = 5.15 ± 5.79 years) fulfilled the criteria of inguinal ectopic testis. Clinically, testes were relatively mobile and superficial. Surgically, they were located in the superficial inguinal pouch, had relatively long spermatic cords, and commonly had average rather than small sizes. The other ectopic 21 cases (mean age = 10.56 ± 6.92 years) were perineal, anterior abdominal wall, femoral, prepubic, and transverse testes in 7 (33.3%), 4 (19%), 4 (19%), 3 (14.3%), and 3 (14.3%) cases, respectively. Congenital inguinal hernia was the commonest associated anomaly (22.7%). All cases were treated surgically with only 1 case of testicular atrophy (2.3%).

Conclusions

Testicular ectopia is rare with relatively delayed presentations. Different anatomical sites have been reported including the superficial inguinal pouch and anterior abdominal wall with variable complexities and controversies. The inguinal ectopic testis is the most controversial, but it might be characterized from other entities based on certain clinical and surgical criteria.
Risk Factors for Illness-related Medical Encounters during Cycling: A Study in 102,251 Race Starters—SAFER XI
Authors: SEWRY NICOLA , SCHWELLNUS MARTIN , KILLOPS JANNELENE , SWANEVELDER SONJA , JANSE VAN RENSBURG DINA C. , JORDAAN ESME
Published: August 2020

Purpose

There are limited data on risk factors associated with illness-related medical encounters (illME) in cycling events. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors associated with illME in mass community-based endurance cycling events.

Methods

This is a retrospective cross-sectional study in the Cape Town Cycle Tour (109 km), South Africa, with 102,251 race starters. All medical encounters for 3 yr were recorded by race medical doctors and nurses. illME were grouped into common illnesses by final diagnosis. A Poisson regression model was used to determine whether specific risk factors (age, sex, cycling speed, and average individual cyclist wet-bulb globe temperature [aiWBGT]) are associated with illME, serious and life-threatening or death ME, and specific common illME.

Results

Independent risk factors associated with all illME during an endurance cycling event were slow cycling speed (P = 0.009) and higher aiWBGT (P < 0.001). Risk factors associated with serious and life-threatening or death ME were older age (P = 0.007) and slower cycling speed (P = 0.016). Risk factors associated with specific common illME were fluid and electrolyte disorders (females, older age, and higher aiWBGT) and cardiovascular illness (older age).

Conclusion

Females, older age, slower cycling speed, and higher aiWBGT were associated with illME in endurance cycling. These data could be used to design and implement future prevention programs for illME in mass community-based endurance cycling events.
Vascular Function Is Differentially Altered by Distance after Prolonged Running
Authors: KING TREVOR J. , COATES ALEXANDRA M. , TREMBLAY JOSHUA C. , SLYSZ JOSHUA T. , PETRICK HEATHER L. , PIGNANELLI CHRISTOPHER , MILLAR PHILIP J. , BURR JAMIE F.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

Ultraendurance exercise is steadily growing in popularity; however, the effect of increasingly prolonged durations of exercise on the vascular endothelium is unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of various ultramarathon running distances on vascular form and function.

Methods

We evaluated vascular endothelial function via flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the superficial femoral artery, as well as microvascular function, inflammatory factors, and central artery stiffness, before and after participants completed 25-km (7M:2F), 50-km (11M:10F), 80-km (9M:4F), or 160-km (9M:2F) trail races all run on the same day and course.

Results

Completion required 149 ± 20, 386 ± 111, 704 ± 130, and 1470 ± 235 min, with corresponding average paces of 6.0 ± 0.8, 7.7 ± 2.2, 8.6 ± 1.3, and 9.6 ± 1.3 min·km−1, respectively. At baseline, there were no differences in participant characteristics across race distance groups. Shear rate stimulus trended toward an increase after the race (P = 0.07), but resting postrace artery diameter (P < 0.001) was elevated to a similar extent in all conditions. There was a reduction in FMD after the 50-km race (Δ −1.9% ± 2.2%, P < 0.01), but not the 25-km (Δ +0.3% ± 2.9%, P = 0.8), the 80-km (Δ −1.5% ± 3.2%, P = 0.1), or the 160-km (Δ +0.5% ± 2.5%, P = 0.5) race. Inflammatory markers increased most after 160 km, but arterial stiffness and microvascular function were not differently affected by race distance.

Conclusions

Although the superficial femoral artery baseline diameter was larger postexercise regardless of race distance, only the 50-km race reduced FMD, whereas a short-duration higher-intensity race (25 km) and longer-duration lower-intensity races (160 km) did not. Therefore, a 50-km ultramarathon may represent the intersection between higher-intensity exercise over a prolonged duration, causing reduced endothelial function not seen in shorter or longer distances.
Hemodynamic Response to Isometric Handgrip Exercise in Adults with Intellectual Disability
Authors: SHERMAN SARA R. , SCHROEDER ELIZABETH C. , BAYNARD TRACY , FERNHALL BO , HILGENKAMP THESSA I. M.
Published: August 2020

Introduction

Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and reduced work capacity, which could partly be explained by alterations to autonomic and hemodynamic regulation. The measurement of heart rate and blood pressure during isometric handgrip (HG) exercise, a sympathoexcitatory stimulus, is a noninvasive method to investigate autonomic and hemodynamic alterations. The purpose of this study was to assess alterations to autonomic and associated hemodynamic regulation between individuals with ID and a matched control group during isometric HG exercise.

Methods

Individuals with ID (n = 13; 31 ± 2 yr, 27.6 ± 7.7 kg·m−2) and without ID (n = 16; 29 ± 7 yr, 24.2 ± 2.8 kg·m−2) performed 2 min of isometric HG exercise at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) in the seated position. Blood pressure was averaged for 2 min before, during, and after HG exercise (mean arterial pressure [MAP], systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure). Heart rate variability, blood pressure variability, and baroreflex sensitivity were calculated from the continuous blood pressure and heart rate recordings.

Results

Isometric HG elicited a blunted response in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and MAP among individuals with ID compared with individuals without ID, even after controlling for strength (MAP: rest, HG, recovery; ID: 103 ± 7, 108 ± 9, 103 ± 7; without ID: 102 ± 7, 116 ± 10, 104 ± 10 mm Hg; interaction P < 0.05). Individuals with ID also had an attenuated baroreflex sensitivity response to HG exercise compared with individuals without ID (interaction P = 0.041), but these effects were no longer significant after controlling for maximal voluntary contraction. Indices of heart rate variability and blood pressure variability were not different between groups overall or in response to HG exercise (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Individuals with ID have a blunted hemodynamic and autonomic response to isometric HG exercise compared with individuals without ID.
Screening detects a myriad of breast disease – refining practice will increase effectiveness and reduce harm
Authors: Lyburn Iain D , Pinder Sarah E
Published: August 2020

For many individuals, the term ‘cancer’ equates to a disease that if untreated will progress, spread from the area initially affected and ultimately cause death. ‘Breast cancer’, however, is a diverse of range of pathological entities, incorporating indolent to fast-growing and aggressive lesions, with varying histological patterns, clinical presentations, treatment responses and outcomes. Screening for malignancy is based on the assumption that cancer has a gradual, orderly progression and that detecting lesions earlier in their natural history, and intervening, will reduce mortality. The natural history of epithelial atypia, ductal carcinoma in situ and even invasive breast cancer is poorly understood, but widely variable. We believe that population breast screening methodology needs to change to focus on diagnosis of lesions of greatest clinical relevance.
Sustainable Living
Authors: Rellia M. , Savadi E. , Bantavanis M. , Spyropoulou A. , Livanos S. , Hamarias S. , Bolbassi A.
Published: August 2020

When planning for the future, we must find ways to protect the environment and also meet our needs for energy, transport, food, clean water and clean air. Through a class survey among twenty-five students (boys and girls, aged 11-12) about our daily habits, we tried to check sustainability in our lives. We focused both on our own and on our family lifestyle in relation to sustainable living and answered different questions about it. We explored the idea of a greener home and suggested ways to make our lives better.
Pensamento Interpretativo de Freud Diante de uma Estética da Negatividade: Algumas Notas para Aproximação
Authors: Roque Thianne Lourena Cardoso , Silva Lívia Medeiros Ramos da , Andrade Cleyton
Published: August 2020

Lançar mão de um regime estético que preza pela forma e que é pautado na negatividade é procurar romper com a sistematicidade e o autocoerente. Voltando-se à não-identidade e prescindindo de aspirações totalitárias de compreensão da obra, esse modelo de aproximação da arte tem seu rigor pautado num inacabado, num estar em constante transformação, num ser constituído pelo saber e o não-saber, conferindo à obra de arte um status de autonomia, autenticidade e singularidade. A partir disso, o artigo tem como objetivo investigar como a concepção de interpretação da arte sustentada por esse regime estético pode ser capaz de respaldar uma virada no pensamento interpretativo de Freud - este comumente colocado num lugar de utilização da arte para validar conceitos psicanalíticos. Conclui-se que é a partir de fenômenos que destoam que se pode localizar a potencialidade, o que leva a interpretação freudiana a tomar novos rumos. Olhando para seus textos como se olha para uma obra de arte - com atenção aos detalhes - é possível a emergência de um Freud repaginado.
A arlequimia em Mário de Andrade: crítica e prática de uma máscara
Authors: Postal Ricardo
Published: August 2020

Os percursos críticos da Semana de Arte Moderna desencadeiam-se tanto nos textos produzidos pelos intelectuais participantes no debate sobre o caminho da arte na época, como na fortuna crítica que as obras desses intelectuais suscitaram. O presente trabalho é uma interpretação crítica da prática artística de Mário de Andrade que interroga como a apropriação da figura do Arlequim, que atravessa sua obra, é transformada numa proposta estética e num amoldamento de artista. Olhando para o modo como a crítica percebeu o Arlequim dentro da escrita de Mário de Andrade, dialogamos com esses aspectos e propomos uma ampliação do significado dessa figura, pensando nos motivos da escolha dessa máscara por parte do escritor, e vendo-a como fundamento do ato improvisado de escrever e representar uma arte e uma identidade cuja totalidade seria impossível ainda no Brasil. Sob esse ponto de vista, Macunaíma seria um exemplo de arlequimização, cuja feição rapsódica indica já a proximidade com o improvisar de várias fontes símile à prática arlequinal da Commedia dell’arte. O Arlequim, essa figura central e irradiadora de metáforas, guia a poética de Mário de Andrade, realizando o artista nela a simbiose que propõe entre estética, práxis e vida.
Editorial
Authors: Leonardi Paula
Published: August 2020

resumo
China's Response to U.S.-Japan Coordination in the East China Sea
Authors: Schenck Kristine
Published: August 2020

executive summary: This essay examines China's interests, claims, and activity around the Senkaku Islands and assesses how Beijing might react to the U.S.-Japan alliance establishing a Standing Bilateral Joint Task Force in the East China Sea. main argumentBeijing's claims to the Senkaku Islands (known as the Diaoyu Islands in China), along with its maritime entitlements, support the "China dream" of a great rejuvenation—China's goal to restore its national power and regional dominance. China closely monitors Japanese and U.S. actions in the East China Sea and has deployed instruments of national power such as military, paramilitary, diplomatic, information, legal, and economic measures to stake its claims. China's response to increased U.S.-Japan coordination—for example, with the creation of a Standing Bilateral Joint Task Force—would hinge on several considerations, including political context, the scope of the charter, and how Beijing perceives changes to the status quo. Responses could range from diplomatic protest to economic retribution to dangerous military maneuvering. Increased U.S.-Japan military coordination would certainly continue to drive China's long-term military buildup and modernization. As new technologies are introduced into its military service, China's expanded options for responding to U.S.-Japan operations in the East China Sea will present new challenges for alliance management. policy implications
• As China continues to invest in naval power to protect its increasingly global interests, the prospect of maritime disputes will intensify. The U.S.-Japan alliance should prepare for a future of heightened tensions and look for ways to mitigate risk. • China uses its maritime militia to increase pressure on Japan, in some cases leading to political negotiations. It uses provocative military operations to signal antipathy to larger strategic issues. • The broader strategic context should shape how the U.S.-Japan alliance pursues increased military coordination. China's claim to the Senkaku Islands supports the Chinese Communist Party's pursuit of the China dream. A U.S.-Japan Standing Bilateral Joint Task Force may not deter China from continuing to use its many resources to assert its claims, but it may be necessary to bolster conventional military deterrence.
Strategic Hedging: A "Third Way" for Australian Foreign Policy in the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Chan Lai-Ha
Published: August 2020

executive summary: This article explores the viability of "strategic hedging" for Australia to insure itself against three security risks: excessive reliance on China for economic growth, China's political and military domination of the region, and a reduction in U.S. strategic commitment to the region. main argumentThe current strategic debate within Australia about the country's role as a middle power in the Indo-Pacific is framed as a binary choice between China (as the country's principal economic partner and market) and the U.S. (as its chief security and political ally). However, this binary option is false. There is a viable third way that would avoid a choice of one side at the expense of the other. This option is overlooked because Australia's hedging policy has yet to reach its full potential and can currently be described as "under-hedging" (i.e., not doing enough to reduce uncertainty about future risk). The weak link in Australia's current hedging is the failure to enmesh regional powers. Without enlisting more partners on its side, Australia often either relies on the U.S. or acts mostly bilaterally in dealing with risks shared by many regional states. policy implications
• If Australia continues to frame its strategic debate as a binary choice, it will likely be unable to optimally manage its security risks and potentially risk losing either its principal economic partner or its chief security and political ally. • A viable third option to Australia's current policy of under-hedging is strategic hedging: not choosing between China and the U.S. but instead engaging actively with other middle powers—notably India, Indonesia, Vietnam, Japan, and South Korea—to avoid negative future scenarios or unexpected shortfalls. • The value of strategic hedging in the Indo-Pacific may appreciate during the Covid-19 pandemic while the U.S. is momentarily distracted by the outbreak and China is increasingly assertive in the region.
Assessing Indonesian Maritime Strategy: Current Evolution and Future Prospects
Authors: Parameswaran Prashanth
Published: August 2020

executive summary: This essay examines the evolution of Indonesia's maritime strategy—in particular, the approach adopted under President Joko "Jokowi" Widodo known as the Global Maritime Fulcrum (GMF)—and assesses the implications for the country's strategic thinking in the future. main argumentThough the GMF is a key inflection point in the evolution of Indonesian maritime strategy and made some progress during Jokowi's first term, several key opportunities were not realized and the strategy faced severe shortcomings in the way it was defined, messaged, resourced, coordinated, and institutionalized. To fully achieve the potential of Indonesia's maritime strategy, the Indonesian government will have to take a series of measures at home and abroad, both on its own and in concert with other regional and global actors, to address lingering challenges and seize new opportunities during Jokowi's second term and beyond. Using interviews with key figures, primary and secondary sources, and an original analytical framework, this essay comprehensively assesses Indonesia's maritime strategy under Jokowi and specifies ways in which the government can manage existing challenges and further advance its maritime strategy in the Indo-Pacific region over the coming years. policy implications
• Given the significance of the GMF as an inflection point in Indonesia's wider thinking on maritime issues, the Indonesian government needs to urgently address uncertainty about the GMF's future by reinforcing the clarity of its messaging and increasing policy coordination among government agencies. • Beyond rhetoric, Indonesia should focus on strategically and sustainably shoring up its maritime capabilities, including building up the country's resource base and strengthening its capacities at sea. • Even if Indonesia's maritime strategy remains focused on domestic and development issues for the foreseeable future, Jakarta can work toward a comprehensive maritime approach by building out the foreign policy aspects of it, including through work in regional and global institutions. • Apart from what Indonesia can do itself, the country could also integrate aspects of its maritime approach with those of other Indo-Pacific and global partners, including the U.S., Japan, India, and Australia.
Low-chirp push-pull dual-ring modulator with 144 Gb/s PAM-4 data transmission
Authors: Wu Xinru , Guan Binbin , Xu Qianfan , Doerr Chris , Chen Long
Published: August 2020

We experimentally demonstrate a low-chirp high-speed push-pull dual-ring modulator. The device is formed by two parallel cascaded add-drop ring modulators which has a Fabry-Perot resonance spectrally similar as electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect. Differential drive signals are applied to the two rings to shift the individual resonances towards opposite directions, creating intensity modulation with suppressed frequency chirp. We present static and dynamic characterization of the device, including chirp parameter. We also demonstrate 144 Gb/s PAM-4 data transmission with 1-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) with BER below hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) threshold with 7% overhead.
Lensless cameras using a mask based on almost perfect sequence through deep learning
Authors: Zhou Hao , Feng Huajun , Hu Zengxin , Xu Zhihai , Li Qi , Chen Yueting
Published: August 2020

Mask-based lensless imaging cameras have many applications due to their smaller volumes and lower costs. However, due to the ill-nature of the inverse problem, the reconstructed images have low resolution and poor quality. In this article, we use a mask based on almost perfect sequence which has an excellent autocorrelation property for lensless imaging and propose a Learned Analytic solution Net for image reconstruction under the framework of unrolled optimization. Our network combines a physical imaging model with deep learning to achieve high-quality image reconstruction. The experimental results indicate that our reconstructed images at a resolution of 512 × 512 have excellent performances in both visual effects and objective evaluations.
Surface wrinkle formation by liquid crystalline polymers for significant light extraction enhancement on quantum dot light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yeom Sooyoung , Kim Hakjeon , Kim Kitae , Joo Chul Woong , Cho Hyunjin , Cho Hyunsu , Choi Sukyung , Lee Won Jun , Jung Yeon Sik , Kwon Byoung-Hwa , Na Jun-Hee
Published: August 2020

We propose an optimal outcoupling structure of a quantum-dot light-emitting diode (QLED) and present material properties based on numerical calculations via the ray-tracing method, in which light extraction properties are obtained according to the surface wrinkles on a substrate. After analyzing the designed microstructure elements, the optimal model was derived and applied to the QLEDs; consequently, the outcoupling efficiency enhanced by 31%. The liquid crystalline polymer forming the random surface wrinkles not only achieves an excellent light extraction through plasma crosslinking but also facilitates large-area processes. We propose an optical design rule for high-efficiency QLED design by analyzing the electro-optical efficiency, emission spectrum, and angular radiation pattern of the optical device.
Electron energy loss of ultraviolet plasmonic modes in aluminum nanodisks
Authors: Yang Yujia , Hobbs Richard G. , Keathley Phillip D. , Berggren Karl K.
Published: August 2020

We theoretically investigated electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) of ultraviolet surface plasmon modes in aluminum nanodisks. Using full-wave Maxell electromagnetic simulations, we studied the impact of the diameter on the resonant modes of the nanodisks. We found that the mode behavior can be separately classified for two distinct cases: (1) flat nanodisks where the diameter is much larger than the thickness and (2) thick nanodisks where the diameter is comparable to the thickness. While the multipolar edge modes and breathing modes of flat nanostructures have previously been interpreted using intuitive, analytical models based on surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes of a thin-film stack, it has been found that the true dispersion relation of the multipolar edge modes deviates significantly from the SPP dispersion relation. Here, we developed a modified intuitive model that uses effective wavelength theory to accurately model this dispersion relation with significantly less computational overhead compared to full-wave Maxwell electromagnetic simulations. However, for the case of thick nanodisks, this effective wavelength theory breaks down, and such intuitive models are no longer viable. We found that this is because some modes of the thick nanodisks carry a polar (i.e., out of the substrate plane or along the electron beam direction) dependence and cannot be simply categorized as radial breathing modes or angular (azimuthal) multipolar edge modes. This polar dependence leads to radiative losses, motivating the use of simultaneous EELS and cathodoluminescence measurements when experimentally investigating the complex mode behavior of thick nanostructures.
Model for deriving benthic irradiance in the Great Barrier Reef from MODIS satellite imagery: erratum
Authors: Magno-Canto Marites M. , McKinna Lachlan I. W. , Robson Barbara J. , Fabricius Katharina E. , Garcia Rodrigo
Published: August 2020

Corrections for equations in our recently published paper [Opt. Express 27, A1350 (2019)] are presented.
Real Estate Crowdfunding mit ICOs – Erfolgsfaktoren und Handlungsempfehlungen
Authors: Tönnissen Stefan , Teuteberg Frank
Published: August 2020

Real Estate Crowdfunding (RECF) nimmt international an Bedeutung zu. Eine besondere Form dieses RECF ist ein Crowdfunding mit Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) auf der Grundlage der Blockchain-Technologie. Zahlreiche Blockchain-Projekte konnten in den vergangenen Jahren Milliarden von US-Dollar zur Unternehmensfinanzierung einsammeln. Der Hype scheint jedoch vorbei zu sein, denn die Anzahl der ICO-Emittenten sind in den vergangenen Monaten deutlich gesunken. Die Gründe sind vielfältig, zum einen warnen Börsenaufsichten wie die Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) als auch die Finanzmarktaufsichtsbehörde BaFin vor den hohen Risiken und zum anderen ist der Vertrauensverlust der Investoren aufgrund von Betrugsvorfällen groß. Jedoch sind die mit einem ICO verbundenen Möglichkeiten zur Unternehmensfinanzierung über das Internet weiterhin hoch. Das Risiko für den Investor verbunden mit einem latenten Vertrauensverlust erfordert einen Informationsaustausch zwischen Investor und Entrepreneur, der vorhandene Zweifel ausräumt und Sicherheit schafft. Anhand der Media Richness Theorie analysieren wir das Informationsangebot und den Medieneinsatz von erfolgreichen Real Estate Crowdfundings mit ICOs (RECFICOs) und stellen in einer Clusteranalyse die erfolgreichen Kombinationen dar. Hieraus leiten wir Handlungsempfehlungen zur Durchführung eines erfolgreichen RECFIOs ab.
Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Aromatic Amines in Water
Samples after Gold Nanoparticles Coated Membrane Microextraction
Authors: BASHEER CHANBASHA
Published: August 2020

A novel microextraction technique was developed for aromatic amines using gold nanoparticles coated membrane. The preparation of the
extraction device involves with the synthesis of gold nanoparticles via the reduction of AuCl3 by hydroxyethyl cellulose followed by
coating to the polyethersulfone membrane. The simple extraction procedures involved placing the extraction device in a stirred aqueous
sample solution, followed by desorption in an organic solvent using ultrasonication. The extract was analyzed by high performance liquid
chromatography. Optimal extraction conditions include 50 min extraction time, 20 min desorption time, 30 mL sample volume, sample
pH 10, 5 % NaCl content and 17 mg sorbent mass coupled with 100 μL desorption solvent. The performance of the extraction device in
the absence and presence of gold nanoparticles was investigated. Enrichment factors ranged from 148 (for 3-nitroaniline) to 200 (for 3,4-
dichloroaniline). The calibration results exhibited good linearity (r2 = 0.9931-0.9988) within the range 0.5-20 μg/L. The limits of detection
were 0.3-0.7 μg/L and RSDs (n = 6) 10-19%. Comparison was made with solid-phase extraction. The method was subsequently applied
to municipal wastewater samples. The proposed microextraction method offers advantages such as easy operation, high recovery, faster
extraction, minimal use of organic solvent and elimination of tedious solvent evaporation and reconstitution steps.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Silver Nanoparticles from Medicinal Palm Tree Bismarckia nobilis Seeds
Authors: ALAM TANVEER , TYAGI SAPNA , KUMAR GOUTAM , KHAN AZHAR , CHAUHAN NEHA , TARANNUM HINA , AHMAD PARWEZ , RIZVI A.
Published: August 2020

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have received significant attention due to their distinctive antimicrobial, anticancer, catalytic and photochemical activity. The objective of this work is to amalgamate silver nanoparticles from the aqueous extract of Biamarckia nobilis seeds using green method, characterization using UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. Further, its antimicrobial and anticancer activities were evaluated. The results displayed the characteristic UV peak, cubic phase with crystalline nature, spherical in shape having average size 14 nm, prominent peaks of bio-functional groups, good antimicrobial and anticancer activities.
Solid Phase Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: GADARA SHOBHANA A. , LADVA KARTIK D.
Published: August 2020

A new series of triazolo[4,3-a]pyimidine derivatives via solid phase multicomponent reaction between 3-oxo-N-(4-(3-oxomorpholino)-
phenyl)butanamide, aromatic aldehyde and aminoazole is reported. All the synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental
analysis and spectral analyses. Moreover, the synthesized compounds were also screened for their antibacterial activity against
Staphylococcus aureus MTCC-96, Escherichia coli MTCC-443, Bacillus subtilis MTCC-441, Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 1688,
and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC-282 and Penicillium sp. at different concentration and compared with standards
drugs. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of the compounds was studied by micro-broth dilution method.
Template Assisted Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Extraction of p-Coumaric Acid
Authors: BHAWANI SHOWKAT AHMAD , SUHAILI NURSUHAILAH BINTI , ROLAND RACHEL MARCELLA , BAKHTIAR SALMA , ALOTAIBI KHALID M. , MOHAMMAD IBRAHIM MOHAMMAD NASIR
Published: August 2020

In present study, the molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) of p-coumaric acid was synthesized by using p-coumaric acid as a template,
acetonitrile as solvent, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, acrylic acid as monomer and 2,2-azobisisobutironitrile (AIBN) as
the initiator. The synthesized polymers were characterized by FTIR and SEM. The results from SEM revealed that the polymer was in
spherical shape with size in micro-range. The binding efficiency of polymers was analyzed by adsorption study. The highest rebinding
efficiency for MIP was ~ 80% while for non-imprinted polymer (NIP) it was only 24%.
Perfil de cuidadores de pacientes pós Acidente Vascular Encefálico com dependência moderada a total
Authors: Cruz Letícia Freitas , Menzen Érica Fernanda , Ozório Eula Paula , Muniz Filho Álvaro Rogério , Meireles André Luís Ferreira de
Published: August 2020

Esse estudo teve como objetivo observar possíveis alterações físicas e fatores que possam alterar a qualidade de vida de um conjunto de cuidadores de paciente pós Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE). Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal. Participaram 12 pacientes diagnosticados com AVE, com níveis de dependência de moderado à total e seus respectivos cuidadores. Os pacientes com AVE foram avaliados em sua dependência e funcionalidade pela Escala de Barthel Modificada. Os cuidadores foram avaliados quanto à percepção subjetiva da dor (Escala Visual Analógica de dor – (EVA)), alterações posturais (Instrumento de Avaliação Postural – (IAP)), sobrecarga (Escala Zarit Burden Interview) e sobre treinamentos prévios e atividades realizadas com os pacientes. Foi observado que 11 dos 12 cuidadores não tiveram capacitação prévia sobre cuidados com o paciente neurológico. Em relação a escala EVA, 9 dos 12 pacientes apresentaram algum nível de dor. Na aplicação da IAP, 10 cuidadores apresentaram alguma alteração na articulação do ombro. Por fim, 8 cuidadores apresentaram algum nível de sobrecarga. Foi observado que os cuidadores de paciente pós AVE estão expostos a riscos relacionados à saúde, pois eles apresentaram um nível de dor elevado e alterações posturais, principalmente localizadas em membros superiores. Esse estudo traça um breve perfil dos cuidados de pacientes pós AVE com dependência de moderada a total, da região da Serra Catarinense, e poderá auxiliar na composição de estudos futuros e elaboração de políticas públicas para a macrorregião.
Avaliação do nível de fadiga materna durante o primeiro período do trabalho de parto: um estudo de corte transversal
Authors: Delgado Alexandre , Da Silva Diana Ferreira , Pereira José Igor da Silva , Albuquerque Arruda Iza Paula De Deus Mello
Published: August 2020

A fadiga materna é um sintoma muito comum durante o trabalho de parto, seu aumento pode trazer malefícios maternos e neonatais e uma péssima experiência para mulher do seu parto. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o nível de fadiga materna durante o primeiro período do trabalho de parto. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, incluindo 200 parturientes no primeiro período do trabalho de parto, com gestação a termo, na faixa etária de 15 a 40 anos. O instrumento utilizado para avaliar a fadiga foi a escala visual analógica (EVA). Neste estudo, a idade gestacional média foi de 39 ± 1 semana. A maioria das participantes eram nulíparas (50%), em união consensual (37,5%), com renda per capita < 1 salário mínimo (50%), com procedência da região metropolitana (62,5%), do lar (66%). Quanto ao nível de fadiga materna (50%) das parturientes relataram fadiga leve entre 3-6 cm de dilatação, (34%) fadiga moderada e (16%) fadiga intensa. Entre 7-10 cm de dilatação, (6%) referiram fadiga leve, (12%) fadiga moderada e (82%) fadiga intensa. O presente estudo apontou que a maioria das parturientes no fim do primeiro período do trabalho de parto apresentaram um nível de fadiga materna mais expressiva, conclui-se por tanto que a fadiga materna tende a intensificar-se com o aumento da dilatação uterina.
Effect of complex therapy of medulloblastoma in childhood and adolescence on bone mineral density
Authors: Kim Ekaterina I. , Golounina Olga O. , Pavlova Maria G. , Yudina Alla E. , Fadeev Valentin V.
Published: August 2020

Medulloblastoma is the most common childhood malignant tumor of the posterior cranial fossa. A comprehensive treatment approach, including surgery, polychemotherapy and radiation therapy, inevitably leads to the development of various long-term consequences from the endocrine system, including a negative impact on bone tissue. Reduced linear growth rate, low adult height and low peak bone mass are well-known long-term effects of treatment. Based on data from Russian and foreign researchers, as well as our own experience, this review presents the endocrine consequences of treatment of malignant tumors of the central nervous system in childhood and adolescence, and summarizes the risk factors for various endocrine system disorders, including a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). The review pays special attention to the assessment of BMD in a group of patients who have had cancer in childhood and adolescence and have undergone complex treatment, as well as the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in children.
Review of certain articles of the American society of bone and mineral research (ASMBR) annual congress 2019
Authors: Belaya Zhanna E.
Published: August 2020

The annual congress of the American Society of Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR) presents the most significant results among the basic and clinical research in the field of osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases. Professor of Medicine John Bilezikian, M.D., Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York, New York and Lynda F. Bonewald Ph.D. Director, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, every year present the most outstanding abstracts before the ASBMR. However, not all of these researches are relevant for Russia, as some of them relates to the epidemiology and pharmacoeconomics of osteoporosis specifically in the US. This review presents only a very limited selection of congress abstracts, combined on topics that seem relevant today.
El discurso del racismo: estructuras y estrategias discursivas
Authors: Soler Castillo Sandra
Published: August 2020

Este artículo analiza el tema del racismo y su relación con el discurso. Plantea el problema de la representación del sujeto racializado, en particular el sujeto negro, a partir de la existencia de un discurso hegemónico blanco europeo que se ha ido construyendo históricamente en torno al concepto de raza, ello en una lógica de clasificación y categorización a partir de rasgos fenotípicos y características culturales que ha terminado en la muerte, la opresión y la exclusión de millones de seres humanos. El texto presentado se basa en la experiencia investigativa de la autora, con más de quince años de trabajo en el tema del racismo; también, en el trabajo de algunos de los investigadores más importantes del análisis crítico del discurso, quienes han trabajado el racismo. Se parte de la identificación de estructuras y estrategias discursivas centradas fundamentalmente en la referenciación, predicación, argumentación y el uso de recursos estilísticos y narrativos.
A Research on the usage habits of food supplements in Thrace Region, Turkey
Authors: Velioğlu Er Elif , Çoşkun Fatma
Published: August 2020

Aim: In this study, a thousand and ten people in the Thrace region in Turkey were examined to determine the usage patterns of food supplements and the factors that affect the preferences of them. Method: The respondents were selected by random sampling method and they were asked to answer questions about the issue either through social networks or face to face. The data obtained from the research were evaluated according to the general demographic groups and the results were expressed with graphs, percentages and statistical data. Findings: According to the research results; The majority of people have the habit of using food supplements, although not regularly. People prefer to consult medical officials with the intention of getting information about their food supplements preferences. It was understood that the product was paid attention to naturalness and quality. Conclusion: Increasing people's awareness about food supplements to prevent the use of unnecessary and incorrect food supplements is very important for public health. For this purpose, awareness raising activities should be carried out by authorized persons and organizations.
Performance and Techno-Economic Analysis of Scaling-up A Single-Chamber Yeast Microbial Fuel Cell as Dissolved Oxygen Biosensor
Authors: Christwardana Marcelinus , Yoshi Linda Aliffia
Published: August 2020

The Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are electrochemical devices that can be utilized as biosensors, specifically Dissolved Oxygen (DO) biosensors. In this research, performance and techno-economic of MFC-based DO biosensors with two sizes, small and large, were evaluated and analysed to determine whether it is more economical to use a small or large reactor. MFC-based DO biosensors were also applied to an irrigation canal. When MFC immersed into distilled water with several variations of DO, the correlation between DO and current density produced equation with R2 values around 0.9989 and 0.9979 for SYMFC and LYMFC, respectively. The power density for SYMFC and LYMFC was 3.48 and 10.89 mW/m2, respectively, in DO 6. Higher power densities are correlated with the electrode surface area, especially the larger cathodic surface area. When applied to the irrigation canal, DO values measured using SYMFC and LYMFC have errors of around 3.39 and 4.42%, respectively, when compared to DO values measured using DO meters. LYMFC requires a capital cost of around $ 234.22 or 2.57 times higher than SYMFC, although it generates almost similar cost per mW/m2, $ 21.51 and $ 26.23 for LYMFC and SYMFC, respectively. The results concluded that yeast MFC -based DO biosensors with smaller sizes can achieve more economical compared to larger sizes.
Breast Cancer Multidisciplinary Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences and Strategies Used by a Singapore Breast Surgical Unit
Authors: Mok Chi Wei , Melissa Seet Yert Li , Tan Su-Ming
Published: August 2020

The overwhelming COVID-19 pandemic has forced healthcare institutions around the world to direct resources to manage the pandemic. This has resulted in a sudden acute limitation of resources to care for non-COVID patients with critical conditions. In Singapore, the escalating situation has necessitated swift reaction in the Division of Breast Surgery in Changi General Hospital to develop strategies to support the battle against COVID-19 and yet deliver care to our breast cancer patients. This paper described the challenges faced and measures adopted by the division during this pandemic in our multidisciplinary management of non-COVID breast cancer patients. It is our fervent hope that this article will serve as a guide for physicians in similar settings who are managing breast cancer patients amidst this pandemic.
Microcephaly, Hypotonia, and Intracranial Calcifications in an 11-Week-Old Boy
Authors: Aikman Inga , Makowski Kristen , Wenger Olivia , Rossman Ian , Solomon Jeffrey D.
Published: August 2020

An 11-week-old unvaccinated, term Amish boy initially presented with poor feeding, microcephaly, failure to thrive, and developmental delays. His physical examination was significant for both weight and head circumference being less than the third percentile, and he was noted to have micrognathia, truncal hypotonia, and head lag. He was admitted to the pediatric hospital medicine service for further diagnostic evaluation. Laboratory studies assessing for endocrinological and metabolic etiologies yielded negative results, and imaging studies (including a chest radiograph, echocardiogram, and abdominal ultrasound) were normal. However, intracranial calcifications were noted on a head ultrasound. The etiology of his constellation of symptoms was initially thought to be infectious, but the ultimate diagnosis was not made until after discharge from the pediatric hospital medicine service.
Effect of abiotic factors on sulfidogenic activity of bacteria Desulfuromonas sp.
Authors: Сhaіka O. M. , Peretyatko T. B.
Published: August 2020

Sulfur-reducing bacteria are promising agents for the development of new methods of wastewater treatment with the removal of ions of heavy metals and organic compounds. Study of the effect of various environmental factors on the growth and sulfidogenic activity of sulfur-reducing bacteria allows one to investigate the adaptability of these microorganisms to stress factors. The paper deals with the effect of рН, different concentrations of elemental sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and presence of various electron acceptors on the growth and sulfidogenic activity of bacteria Desulfuromonas sp. YSDS-3. The calculation of C/S ratio for sulfur-reducing bacteria Desulfuromonas sp. YSDS-3 was made, with the comparison with similar parameters of sulfate-reducing bacteria. In the medium with elemental sulfur, concentration of hydrogen sulfide increased with the concentration of elemental sulfur. Bacteria Desulfuromonas sp. YSDS-3 accumulated their biomass in the most effective way at the concentration of elemental sulfur of 10–100 mM. In the medium with polysulfide form of sulfur at the neutral pH, bacteria produced hydrogen sulfide and accumulated biomass the best. Hydrogen sulfide at the concentration of 3 mM did not inhibit the bacterial growth, but further increase in the hydrogen sulfide concentration inhibited the growth of bacteria. The bacteria did not grow at the hydrogen sulfide concentration of 25 mM and above. As the concentration of elemental sulfur and cell density increases, sulfidogenic activity of the bacteria grows. Presence of two electron acceptors (S and K2Cr2O7, S and MnO2, S and Fe (III)) did not affect the accumulation of biomass of the bacteria Desulfuromonas sp. YSDS-3. However, under such conditions the bacteria accumulated 1.5–2.5 times less hydrogen sulfide than in the test medium. After 12–24 h of cultivation, different concentrations of elemental sulfur had a significant effect on the sulfidogenic activity. However, during 3–16 days of cultivation, the percentage of effect of elemental sulfur concentration decreased to 31%, while the percentage of effect of cell density increased threefold. Presence in the medium of the electron acceptors (Cr (VI), MnO2, Fe (III)) alternative to elemental sulfur led to a significant decrease in the content of hydrogen sulfide produced by sulfur-reducing bacteria.