bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment activities of foreign language teachers in the context of digitalisation of education
Authors: Morozova Elizaveta , Inozemtseva Kira
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In the context of digital transformation of universities, which prescribes the active use of digital educational environment in teaching, the assessment of educational outcomes cannot be carried out without the use of digital tools that can help teachers to shift the focus of assessment from simple recording of the level of mastery of the curriculum to continuous monitoring of each student's progress. The aim of this study is to determine the readiness of EFL teachers to use modern digital technologies to implement personalized dynamic assessment of students' learning success in accordance with the methodology of formative assessment.
Methodology. The basic provisions of summative and formative approaches and digital didactics to the assessment of educational results are considered as the theoretical and methodological foundations of this study. Based on the analysis of Russian and foreign scientific and methodological literature, the necessity of transforming traditional assessment procedures in order to turn them from a repressive measure into an incentive for learning (assessment for learning) was substantiated. From the perspective of the methodology of formative assessment, the conditions for realizing the corrective, motivating and formative functions of assessing the results of language learning with the help of digital tools are considered. The didactic possibilities of web and mobile applications, as well as AI-tools in creating assessment tasks for the development of foreign language communicative skills are analyzed. Results. The results of a survey of current technical university FL teachers (N = 60) conducted to determine their attitudes towards digital assessment and practical readiness to use digital technologies are presented.
Conclusion. The results obtained necessitate the development of a professional development program to overcome stereotypes of assessment and to develop the necessary digital skills in FL teachers.
Imagination of modern preschoolers: new trends and actual problems
Authors: Semenova Lidiya , Koroleva Oksana
Published: December 2024

The article addresses the relevance of the problem of developing imagination in preschool children in the context of a digital society, considering the child's active engagement in the virtual world and their parallel life in online and offline spaces. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the authors present a characteristic of imagination as the central formation of the stability period of preschool age, its role in the development and daily life of contemporary preschoolers. The article highlights the main functions of imagination and presents some approaches from classical child psychology and a number of modern researchers on the issue of imagination development at the early ontogenesis stage.
The article reveals the close connection between imagination and play, as the leading type of activity for a preschool child, and the influence of new types of activities of contemporary children — watching video content and various digital games — on the process of imagination formation. It is stated that most modern preschoolers have a low level of development in role-playing games and, consequently, a generally low level of imagination development. The issue of decreased interest from parents and preschool educators in children's play activities is raised, leading to a lag in the development of imagination in contemporary children compared to their peers at the end of the 20th century.
Thus, the authors highlight the importance of developing imagination in children starting from the end of early childhood, and also emphasize the necessity of creating age-appropriate conditions for the development of imagination in modern preschoolers.
The linguistic and methodological aspect of the presentation of the topic «Speech conflicts» in the course «Culture of Russian business and scientific speech»
Authors: Nedostup Oleg , Pleshivtseva Elena
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the experience of studying the topic «Speech Conflicts» in a student audience consisting of future engineers. The conceptual basis of the article is based on the idea that synchronous combination of theory and practice within the study of a particular topic allows students to understand the subject more deeply. We have verified that in the process of studying speech conflicts within the framework of seminar classes, combining the analysis of theory with gradual,
step-by-step complication of practical tasks, students form a holistic idea of the concept of speech conflict and ways of its resolution. As many years of experience in using this didactic technique have shown, students also begin to form analytical thinking more qualitatively. If we focus on the practical material of the article, the idea of gradual complication of the material was the basis of the
linguo-methodological model of studying speech conflict. The point is that at the beginning of the study of the topic «Speech Conflicts» we offer students tasks oriented to the reproduction of the theory, then we perform exercises, according to the conditions of which it is necessary to simulate small conflict situations and be able to solve them. The peculiarity of such exercises is that they specify certain conditions of possible conflict. At the final stage, students are offered mini-stories, each of which has a conflict in its plot. Accordingly, at the final stage of the topic, students should fully analyses the conflict situation and find the most optimal ways of resolving it.
Preserving preschooler's emotional well-being in the competitional movement
Authors: Shabas Svetlana , Starodub Lyudmila
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the participation of children attending kindergartens in the competitional movement as an actual direction of the preschool education system activity. Participation in competitions positively reflects on all sides of social-psychological and personal development of a child. However, studies show that there is a problem of strong emotional reaction of children, teachers and parents to the competition situation as a situation of evaluation, generating anxiety and negative emotions in case of losing. In this regard, the need for psychological and pedagogical support for children's successful completion of competition tasks is of particular importance. The main goal of work with all subjects of the educational process should be the preservation of the emotional well-being of each child participating in competitions.
The authors present the positive kindergarten experience, which has high achievements in competitions of various levels. They show methods and ways of interaction of all subjects of the educational process with an emphasis on the actualisation of the self-development value and child's personal achievements assessment in the context of his personal changes dynamics, without comparison with other children. This work helps to motivate children to participate rather than to achieve results, to minimise negative emotions in children, to increase children's self-confidence and emotional stability. Psychological and pedagogical support helps teachers and parents to overcome their own emotional reactions and to form in children an idea of the contest as a holiday, an opportunity to show their abilities and talent and joint interesting activities of children and adults.
VOID FRACTION AND INTERFACIAL FRICTION IN A 3 × 3 ROD BUNDLE UNDER STAGNANT LIQUID CONDITIONS
Authors: Kurimoto Ryo , Murase Michio , Nishida Koji , Takaki Toshiya , Hayashi Kosuke , Tomiyama Akio
Published: December 2024

The void fraction αG in a 3 × 3 rod bundle under stagnant liquid conditions, i.e., the liquid volumetric flux JL = 0 m/s, was predicted based on a one-dimensional two-fluid model with a correlation of the interfacial friction factor fi developed for measured pressure gradient dP/dz and αG. An empirical correlation of the interfacial area concentration in a rod bundle geometry was also prepared for the development of the fi correlation. The fi correlation is a function of the Kutateladze parameter KG*. The uncertainty in αG calculated using the dP/dz data and the fi correlation was relatively small, i.e., ± 2 s = ± 0.013, where s is the standard deviation. However, the uncertainty in αG calculated using the fi correlation and a correlation of the wall friction factor fwG for the agitation by the gas phase proposed in our previous study was larger (± 2 s = ± 0.042). An fwG correlation was therefore developed to improve the accuracy of predictions, resulting in lower uncertainty; ± 2 s = ± 0.023. In addition, the fi correlation was improved to obtain good evaluations of αG, not only for the 3 × 3 rod bundle but also for 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 rod bundles.
The influence of the slit size and spacing on the impact dynamics of dry granular flows on slit dams
Authors: Li Nanjun , Zhou Gordon G. D. , Cui Kahlil F. E. , Kong Yong , Huang Yu
Published: December 2024

Slit dams play a crucial role in mitigating natural granular flows in the form of geophysical mass movements. The accurate estimation of the maximum force experienced by slit dams is a vital consideration in their design. However, understanding of the coupled influence of the incoming flow conditions and dam geometry, specifically the slit size and spacing, on the granular flow impact characteristics and forces remain incomplete. In this research, the discrete-element method (DEM) is used to simulate the interaction process between gravity-driven granular flows and slit dams with varying slit sizes and slit spacing. Impact characteristics are evaluated from the forces and pressures experienced by the barrier that falls between two slits, here called the divider. For a constant divider size, increasing the slit size amplifies the maximum impact force. However, once it exceeds a threshold size, enlarging the slit size diminishes the force due to a restriction from run-up height. Conversely, maintaining a constant slit size while increasing the divider size weakens the force. The influence of the slit and divider size and incoming flow conditions on the maximum force are summarized by a scaling relationship that captures the linear dependence of the impact force on the ratio of slit and divider size. Pressure distribution models are further proposed based on this scaling relationship. These outcomes provide new insights for the design of effective flow-resisting slit dams.
Studies on the relationship between live weight and body condition score and estimation of standard reference weight of ewes from the Icelandic sheep breed
Authors: Sveinbjörnsson Jóhannes , Örnólfsson Eyjólfur K.
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study was to define the mature live weight of Icelandic sheep breed ewes. Data on body condition
scores (BCS) and live weight (LW) spanning 22 production years from the Hestur research farm were analyzed
to fit the linear relationship LW = a + b x BCS of ewes in different age categories. Ewe live weight continued to
increase until 5 years of age. A general estimate of standard reference weight (SRW) of a mature Icelandic ewe
is 70.4 ± 3.4 kg, standardized at BCS 3. For mature ewes, approximately 8.5 kg LW is needed to raise BCS by
one unit. SRW creates opportunities for studies relating mature weight to other important genetic traits and for
analysing the independent effects of SRW, degree of maturity, and BCS on animal performance.
Speciallärare och specialpedagoger i den svenska skolan – en historisk överblick
Authors: Höstfält Gabriella
Published: December 2024

En historisk bakgrund till dagens specialpedagogiska professioner.
A muraközi ló értékmérői és jelenlegi magyarországi helyzete
Authors: Szabó Kitti , Pongrácz László , Tőzsér János
Published: December 2024

A muraközi ló a Dráva és a Mura folyó között található tájegységhez köthető. Ezen a területen XVIII. században élénk kereskedelem folyt, az árut szekereken szállították és ehhez nagy terhet bíró, jó ügetőképességű lovakra volt szükségük. A két világháború közötti időszakban elsősorban gazdaságos tarthatósága segítette fennmaradását. A II. világháborút követően a magyar hidegvérű fajta keretein belül folyt a tenyésztés és elkülönítve megindult a muraközi ló törzskönyvezése is. A XX. század második felében lezajló változások a muraközi fennmaradását is veszélyeztették. Azonban még időben teret nyert a hagyományos fajtáink védelmének fontossága. A génvédelem szempontjából lényeges a típus megkülönböztetése. A lovak hasznosítása sokrétű és éppen emiatt a szelekciós és nemesítési módszerek is változatosak. Egységes képet soha nem mutatott a muraközi ló. A tenyésztés során egy engedelmes és aktív ló tenyésztése a kívánatos, mely hidegvérű jellegű. A szaporulati mutatókat kancák és mének esetében is érdemes értékelni. Kívánatos megőrizni a tartási és takarmányozási körülmények iránti viszonylagos igénytelenségét. A tenyésztés során a fajtarekonstrukciós program sikeressége és a genetikai előrehaladás akkor érhető el, ha támaszkodunk a teljesítményvizsgálatok eredményeire és céltudatosan, következetesen szelektálunk. Napjainkban a muraközi ló népszerűsítése elsődleges szempont, hiszen ez a fennmaradáshoz és a gazdaságos tenyésztéshez szükséges. Mindebben kimagasló szerep jut az Őrségi Nemzeti Park Igazgatóságának.
A case of treatment-refractory paraneoplastic polymyalgia rheumatica that improved after tumor resection
Authors: Grant Loran , Kim Alex , Beeler Michael , Bresner Jonathan
Published: December 2024

We present a case of a 53-year-old man whose clinical history, examination, and laboratory markers were deemed consistent with the diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). These symptoms were initially relieved by oral steroids but unexpectedly returned with repeated attempts to taper the steroid dose slowly over time. Among his extensive evaluations for these symptoms, an MRI of the cervical spine was performed and demonstrated an ‘incidental’ thyroid mass. This was eventually diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma and a total thyroidectomy was performed 6 months after his PMR symptom onset. The patient’s refractory PMR symptoms resolved shortly thereafter, and he was successfully weaned from oral steroids.  This remission following tumor resection posed an interesting question of a paraneoplastic process, which will be explored here.
Очередность удовлетворения требований «предшествующих» кредиторов в рамках процедуры судебной ликвидации во Франции
Authors: Bychkova K.M.
Published: December 2024

Одним из наиболее проблемных аспектов процедуры банкротства является справедливое распределение стоимости активов должника между кредиторами на стадии ликвидации должника. Особенно сложным этот вопрос становится для иностранных кредиторов, которые зачастую не имеют достаточных знаний о правовом регулировании банкротства за рубежом. В связи с этим представляется актуальным вопрос об очередности удовлетворения требований кредиторов в зарубежных правопорядках. В настоящей статье проводится анализ законодательства и судебной практики Франции о порядке удовлетворения требований «предшествующих» кредиторов. В настоящее время в этой отрасли права проведен ряд реформ, которые должны быть подробным образом проанализированы. В данном исследовании автор описывает существующие различия между «предшествующими» и «последующими» кредиторами, а также рассматривает условия признания отдельных требований привилегированными для целей распределения имущества должника. Далее автор детально исследует установленную законодателем очередность удовлетворения требований «предшествующих» кредиторов в зависимости от того, стоимость какого имущества (движимого или недвижимого) распределяется. Наконец, в статье представлены способы, позволяющие кредиторам получить удовлетворение своих требований за рамками установленной законом очередности, т.е. в преимущественном порядке. На основе проведенного исследования автор делает вывод об экономической составляющей правового регулирования банкротства во Франции. Вводя те или иные институты, законодатель может регулировать (стимулировать или подавлять) активность определенных хозяйствующих субъектов. При этом, поскольку на стадии ликвидации целью проведения процедуры банкротства является преимущественно справедливое распределение стоимости имущества должника между кредиторами, установленная очередность удовлетворения их требований представляет собой существенную характеристику данной отрасли права конкретного государства. Результаты исследования и выводы могут быть использованы как практикующими юристами для целей определения положения конкретного требования к должнику, так и научными исследователями при изучении различных подходов к определению понятия и правового режима «предшествующих» требований.
Гражданин в «электронном государстве» в зеркале зарубежных аналитиков.
Authors: Danilov Sergey
Published: December 2024

Рецензия на книгу: Citizens and E-Government. Evaluating Policy and Management. Reddick C. (ed.). New York: Information Science Reference, 2013. 519 p.)
The Rejection of the Other and the Catastrophe of Trinitarian Love as the Basic Structure of Modernity
Authors:   HSE University (Moscow)., Kosmarski Artyom
Published: December 2024

This article takes a new look at the problems of love, family and sexual relations in
the modern world, as well as related shifts in values and attitudes. We introduce concepts that
allow us to see non-trivial causal links between the micro- and macro-level: between individuals’
personal lives and relationships – and nationwide demographic processes. We question the idea
that the primary focus of sexual orientation, attraction, and identity is the sexual object (and hence
the primary distinction – between those attracted to persons of one’s own sex or the opposite sex).
We believe that what matters (primary, fundamental) is not the object of attraction, but whether
the bodily and related soul relations are binary or trinitarian. A trinitarian relationship in love
is not necessarily a relationship of three, but a relationship where there is room for a Third,
whether it be a child, another loved one, or the word. If the child accepts the parents’ love for each
other, then the child accepts the parent as an Other, as an independent person – i. e., not as his/
her property: sees the parent as a person who can have their own independent relationship with
the Third. Divorce, realizing the rejection or the substitution of the beloved, provokes in the child
the fear of the finitude of love, the fear of trinity love as such – because love ends in too painful a
catastrophe. The defense in those who have experienced the catastrophe of trinary love becomes
a lapse into the duity – the ability to love only one person, rejecting the Third, and not perceiving
the beloved (beloved) as the Other. Having described the duity and the trinity, and their relation
to the concept of the Other, we will move from philosophy and psychoanalysis to sociology and
politics. We will show how, in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, the duity is established
as the basic structure of relationships and the perception of the world in various spheres, from
literature and art to ethics and politics – and this is due above all to the normalization of divorce
and contraception in contemporary societies.
The Idea of Providence in the Philosophy of History by N. M. Karamzin
Authors:   Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Philosophy (Moscow)., Chizhkov Nikolay
Published: December 2024

In the article we analyze the role and place of the idea of Providence in the philosophical
and historical concept of the great Russian historiographer, writer and thinker N. M. Karamzin
(1766–1826). We show the connection between the idea of Providence and his concept of division
into two types of laws: the laws of nature (laws of the real world) and the law of the moral world
(law of freedom). It is noted that the idea of Providence differs in different Christian traditions
and his idea of Providence correlates with the Russian Orthodox tradition. We make comparison
of two similar concepts in the philosophy of history of N. M. Karamzin – “Providence” and “fate”,
and we conclude that they do not coincide in meaning, and in some cases are even opposed to
each other. Providence influences on peoples, countries, states, and their leaders, but fate does
not have a higher meaning, it is a combination of accidents that a person resists.
Future, Civilization, Russia
Authors:   Samara National Research University named after academician S. P. Korolev (Samara)., Nesterov Alexander
Published: December 2024

Review of the Monograph ‘‘Contours of the Civilizational Future of Russia’’
REDI-NET W-5 WATER SHIPPING v2
Authors: Consortium REDI-NET
Published: December 2024

This protocol describes proper packaging and shipping of preserved water samples.
REDI-NET B-4 BLOOD TESTING v2
Authors: Consortium REDI-NET
Published: December 2024

This SOP provides guidance on procedures of Oxford Nanopore sequencing to generate sequencing reads for downstream data analysis and pathogen detection.
Effects of Personification of Voting in Presidential and Parliamentary Elections in Russia
Authors: Panov P.V.
Published: December 2024

When directly elected presidents have fairly strong power in relations with the government and parliament, presidential elections are perceived as elections of the first order. In addition, voting for presidential candidates is much more personalized. To a large extent, this explains why, in Russia, the candidate of the party of power receives much more support in the presidential election than the party of power in parliamentary ones. Some voters who support opposition parties in the parliamentary elections vote “strategically” and “personally” in the presidential ones, giving their votes to the incumbent. However, the question remains how evenly this trend spreads across different segments of the electorate of political parties. To answer it, a comparative analysis of the 2016 parliamentary and 2018 presidential elections was carried out. Empirically, the study is based on electoral and socio-economic data in the context of municipalities. The analysis carried out by the method of multilevel linear regression has exposed that the line “party of power versus opposition” is quite clearly expressed in the parliamentary and blurred in the presidential elections. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that personalized voting has a key impact on the difference in the results of political parties and their candidates. At the same time, both the consolidation of voters around the incumbent and the loss of votes by the candidate of the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR) affect different segments of the electorate approximately equally, that is, the specifics of the electorate of these parties in the presidential election is leveled but it remains. With regard to the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF), on the contrary, insufficient affiliation of its candidate with the party led to the fact that different segments of the electorate changed their preferences unevenly. The final part of the article outlines promising directions for further research.
Categories of the Beautiful, Proportionate, and True in Plato’s Doctrine as Prerequisites for the Formation of Legal Reality
Authors: Likhter P.L.
Published: December 2024

The article considers some ideal categories as foundations of legal reality. Taking into account the diverse potential prerequisites of law, the author focuses on three modifications of the good highlighted by Plato in the dialogue “Philebus”: the beautiful, the proportionate, and the true. The article argues the utility of employing such a concept of analytical philosophy as supervenience, which describes the determinacy of sets of properties in two complex systems, to explain the interplay between these prerequisites and legal phenomena. While traditionally used to describe the dependence of mental phenomena on physical grounds, supervenience also has a methodological relevance within legal science. Three modifications of the good as delineated in “Philebus” and their contributions to the formation of legal institutions are considered. For this purpose, several levels of aesthetics are distinguished, which not only encompass stylistic beauty, but also the substantive content of legal constructs. Special attention is paid to reader-response criticism, which studies the experience of perception of legal institutions by a subject of legal relations. According to this perspective, legal phenomena have to possess aesthetic appeal and justification in order to be accepted by recipients. This is especially important when consolidating constitutional values: the legitimization of fictitious axiological elements creates risks of legal anomie. The article further underscores the significance of the correspondence theory of truth for the ontology of law, justifying the priority of rational cognition of universals over empiricism. To solve research problems, legal-historical, logical, structural-functional, normative, dialectical, prognostic and comparative methods and approaches are used. Based on the findings of the study, the author concludes about the independent ontological status of legal phenomena that have a sign of reality as intelligible elements within the objective mental being of participants in legal relations.
Era of Upheaval as a Chance for Unifying Russian Identity
Authors: Fishman L.G.
Published: December 2024

The article focuses on the role of catastrophes, trauma and victims in the formation of national identity. Their importance in European and Russian culture cannot be exaggerated: the birth of a nation, like the birth of an individual, is almost always a trauma. In other words, a catastrophe accompanied by sacrifice, martyrdom, and suffering plays a huge role in the formation of new communities or the transformation of existing ones. However, the role of a victim as a subject suffering, offended, and oppressed has always been balanced by the role of a subject struggling, casting off fetters, and making heroic sacrifices for the sake of future triumph. According to the author, in the era of European post-nationalism, the role of victims is still exceptional, although the emphasis is often placed on the undergoing rather than the heroic aspect of sacrifice. The situation of catastrophe, which offers a chance to revise and renew national identity (or its counterpart), is often associated with war. The national community gains the opportunity to adjust the existing identity to a more contemporary one. Giving clear meaning to the sacrifices, sufferings, and exploits is a key to the renewal of identity, since they do not automatically entail either the support of an existing identity or the formation of a new one. The cases of Germany and Russia as countries that have experienced or are experiencing recurring catastrophes show what problems and ambiguities arise along the way. In Russia, the collapse of the USSR has not yet been fully understood as a catastrophe requiring an identity adjustment. Russian memory politics has so far sought to mask the fractures in domestic history of the 20th and 21st centuries by asserting “continuity” between its periods. The author believes that the current historical situation offers our country a second chance to form a more “appropriate” national identity based on the realities of today.
Tax Obligations in the Digital Era: Periodization of Legal Regulation
Authors: Lyutova O.I.
Published: December 2024

The current stage of development of Russian law is closely connected with the processes of digitalization, which significantly change the landscape of legal regulation in many spheres of public relations. The digital era, in particular, implies the gradual development of tax law, with each stage differing in the type of digital technologies used by subjects involved in tax legal relations. These ongoing changes affect both the overall legal framework of taxation and specific institutions within tax law, most notably, the concept of tax obligations, which plays a key role in the tax system. The article analyzes theoretical approaches to the periodization of the development of legal regulation of tax relations in general, as well as the institution of tax obligations. Emphasis is placed on the direct correlation between periodization and the gradual integration of digital technologies in the field of taxation. A three-stage model of digital development of the institution of tax obligations is proposed, which is currently being formed and includes automation, digitalization and robotization. The first stage entails the automation of tax obligations – the use of online services by subjects involved in tax legal relations, the introduction and development of an electronic document management system, and other IT projects of the Federal Tax Service of Russia. This, in turn, leads to optimization of the process of fulfilling tax obligations. At the second stage, blockchain and other digital technologies are being introduced, which entails a qualitative transformation of tax administration and involves new participants in tax legal relations. The robotization of tax obligations through the introduction of artificial intelligence is still in its early stages of development. The article analyzes the potential opportunities and risks associated with implementing a tax on artificial intelligence, as well as probable changes in the insurance premium calculation due to the replacement of certain professions and categories of employees by robots.
Legal Realism vs Legal Formalism: Justice Holmes’ Judgment
Authors: Lesiv B.V.
Published: December 2024

The approach to law elaborated by the distinguished American judge Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. remains poorly studied in Russia due to several methodological obstacles. One of the problems arises when the study is not preceded by a deliberate conceptualization of legal formalism as a general impetus that prompted the American legal community in 19th – 20th centuries to discuss legal practice from the perspective of new values. The realistic approach to law was not the creation of abstract reasoning, but rather it was a response to concrete manifestations of another approach – the formalistic. Accordingly, the substance of the particular approach (and its cognition) is to a certain extent determined by the substance of the other (and cognition of it – or rather, cognition of its “wrong” elements). Moreover, realists criticized other movements of legal thought, i.e. positivism, natural law theory, and the historical school, also as an expression of a common anti-formalist attitude, rather than beginning a separate dispute with each of them. Another methodological issue relates to such a peculiarity of the American realistic approach as a focus on contemplating the life of common law (or American law), but not law as a universal social phenomenon. Justice Holmes and other American jurists responded primarily to the “practical” judicial formalism in England and the USA, which peaked in the 19th century. Making up for these two omissions is essential for methodologically consistent reference to Holmes’ teachings and is relevant in two aspects: first, for enhancing and clarifying the standard classification of legal doctrines; secondly, it reveals the reasons for specific practical patterns of the development of American law (especially judicial) influenced by one of the most authoritative models of legal thinking. The article aims to clarify the starting points of the American realistic approach to law through Holmes’ works and by virtue of his definition of legal formalism. One of the key questions is what the solutions are that realists proposed instead of formalist practices. The corresponding feature of the article is the emphasis on those Holmes’ pieces which are organically confirmed by examples from the common law, in particular, the free market of ideas doctrine.
Antinomy of Classes and People in the Soviet Socialist State Theory: The Concept of “All People’s State”
Authors: Nikandrov A.V.
Published: December 2024

The creation of a theory of a socialist state on the basis of the theoretical Marxist heritage became one of the most urgent tasks that Joseph Stalin faced. The works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels did not contain specific provisions about the essence of the socialist state. Only in Vladimir Lenin’s works did the concept of a “socialist state” appear, and the theory of the socialist state gradually began to take on clearer contours, but death did not allow him to create any detailed theory. By the end of the 1920s, it became clear that the theory of a socialist state could not be based on the principles of proletarian internationalism and the dictatorship of the proletariat, which had received special development in the works of the classics of Marxism. This theory should have been built only on the principle of the people as the source of state and law in the USSR, i.e. the Soviet people as the source of Soviet power. This in turn led to the need to introduce the principle of the all people’s state (state of the whole people), i.e. classless society. Such a formulation inevitably and directly came into confrontation with the axioms of Marxism. The Marxist doctrine of class nature of the state experienced significant resistance when applied to the socialist state. The duality of the nature of the socialist state (class and democratic state) determined the difficulties for the development of the theory of this state. The article analyzes the prehistory of the doctrine of the all people’s state, which was brought into effect as an official designation of the new political status of the Soviet state at the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). This was preceded by an attempt to conceptualize the term “All People’s State” in the 1947 Draft of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (AUCPB) Program. The new concept was not part of the new theory of the socialist state; it was tested as a risky and experimental innovation without an appropriate theoretical basis. For the first time, this term appeared and almost immediately disappeared in the spring of 1936, before the publication of the draft Constitution. The article shows how Joseph Stalin and Soviet theorists and ideologists of the Stalin era, using Marxist terminology, slowly approached to proclamation of the USSR as an “all people’s state”, gradually filling the class structure of Soviet society with new “non-class” concepts. At the same time, the class discourse of proletarian internationalism did not lose its theoretical potential. It was subjected a specific transformation, becoming the part of Soviet foreign political rhetoric, including one of the most important principles of self-representation of the USSR.
Falsehood in War-time: Atrocity Stories, Faked Photographs, The Criminal Kaiser, and Germany’s Sole Responsibility for the War
Authors: Ponsonby A.
Published: December 2024

The article gives the first Russian-language translation of four chapters from the book “Falsehood in War-time” (1929) by British politician and writer Arthur Ponsonby (1871–1946). The translation was made by Alexander B. Belousov, a Senior Researcher at the Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The chapter “Atrocity Stories” examines in detail the stories of German troops’ atrocities, which were circulated in leaflets, pamphlets, letters, and speeches during World War I almost every day. The British author provides documented evidence of how these stories were verified, resulting in the proof of their falsity. The chapter “Faked Photographs” reveals the use of fake photography captions with various examples. It is noted that faked pictures hold special value, as they have a greater impact than any mere statements that could be criticized or denied. It was difficult to detect falsity at that time. The faking of photographs amounted almost to an industry during the war, with Ponsonby noting that the French excelled the most in this practice. The chapter “The Criminal Kaiser” traces the political logic of personifying responsibility for the outbreak of war. Ponsonby believes that in the future this played a bad joke on the governments of European states, since the lack of punishment for actions led to deep disappointment among the people. The chapter “Germany’s Sole Responsibility for the War” shows that accusing the enemy of sole responsibility for the war is a common form in every nation and in every war. After World War I, doubts arose about adequacy of the accusations, once again proving their mythical nature. The translation is provided with factual comments, as well as Alexander Belousov’s article “Arthur Ponsonby and the Abolition of Propaganda”, which examines the issues raised by the British author, which are still relevant today.
Cancel Culture: Exclusion and Historical Identity
Authors: Golovashina O.V.
Published: December 2024

The article attempts to investigate cancel culture as a modern form of ostracism through the lens of exclusion proposed by Michel Foucault. The research focuses on the relationship between social identity and cancel culture. Identity is conceptualized as a symbolic resource, and the influence of discursive strategies on the process of identification is examined. Special attention is given to prohibition as a form of controlling discourse. It is shown that prohibition manifests itself in exclusion, affecting not so much a particular person but rather a discussion or even the very possibility of a discussion. Foucault’s key concepts are analysed in relation to this task: disciplinary power, regimes of truth, and the norm as an instrument of coercion. The peculiarities of the exclusion mechanism in different epochs are studied. It is argued that social media can serve as a conduit for disciplinary power in the modern world. Through various media channels and social networks, individuals are influenced by economic, political, and cultural actors who compel them to comply with certain rules. Today, individuals are more controllable than in the Panopticon described by Foucault due to surveillance cameras, smart city technologies, digital footprints, and other tools. The article also demonstrates how the previously outlined framework can be applied to the analysis of cancel culture. The new norm focuses less on the body and more on ethical judgements and socially accepted (normal) behaviour. The mere existence of cancelling, along with the increasing instances of its application, sets the boundaries for what is deemed proper. The inability to perform certain actions due to the expectation of backlash and fear of cancellation affects not only their manifestations, but also identity itself. It is shown that cancel culture, originally spread to promote inclusiveness and the freedom of expression for previously oppressed groups, now functions as a restriction of freedom through control. It is concluded that cancel culture, by prioritising ethical over instrumental uses of the past, constructs identity through coercive relevance, i.e. its very existence dictates the framework for behaviour, actions and statements.
EXPLORANDO O IMPACTO DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NA PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE: ANÁLISE DE ESTUDO DE CASO EM LINHARES, ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Nascimento Wedson Estevão do , Freitas Vinicius da Silva , Abreu José Roberto Gonçalves de
Published: December 2024

O estudo se concentrou na percepção dos professores de Educação Física das escolas públicas em Linhares-ES sobre a promoção da saúde dentro do contexto da disciplina escolar. Destaca-se a necessidade de uma reflexão sobre a abordagem específica da saúde no âmbito da Educação Física, enfatizando a importância de uma prática educativa coerente e comprometida com o desenvolvimento integral dos alunos. A pesquisa, realizada em colaboração com professores de uma escola pública do município, teve como objetivo principal compreender a visão dos docentes sobre a interseção entre saúde e Educação Física no ambiente escolar. A metodologia empregada incluiu uma revisão bibliográfica teórica qualitativa para fundamentar a discussão sobre o papel dos professores na promoção da saúde por meio da Educação Física escolar, além de um estudo de caso exploratório envolvendo a avaliação de seis professores por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado.
TECENDO SABERES: A INTERSECÇÃO ENTRE TEORIAS DECOLONIAIS E CIÊNCIA ABERTA NA TRASNFORMAÇÃO DO PARADIGMA CIENTÍFICO
Authors: De França Thiago Eduardo , Leachi Helenize Ferreira Lima , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo de reflexão é examinar a interseção entre a ciência aberta e as teorias decoloniais como uma abordagem interdisciplinar para promover uma mudança significativa no paradigma da ciência contemporânea. Esta narrativa, ressalta como as teorias decoloniais buscam desafiar as estruturas de poder e as hierarquias de conhecimento profundamente enraizadas na comunidade acadêmica. Em paralelo, a ciência aberta propõe medidas concretas para promover a transparência, colaboração global e acesso igualitário ao conhecimento. Quando essas duas abordagens se cruzam, pode-se trilhar o caminho para uma ciência mais equitativa e diversificada, capaz de enfrentar os complexos desafios do século XXI.
Arrival Brokers and Commercial Infrastructuring for and With Migrant Newcomers in Dortmund, Germany
Authors: Neßler Miriam
Published: December 2024

Current research underlines the important role of arrival infrastructures in urban spaces in enabling and shaping migrants’ arrival. These include arrival brokers, individuals who help newcomers access resources. As yet, we have little knowledge on brokers’ informal and commercial practices in the context of arrival, especially in European cities, whereby brokers unsettle common “distinctions between ‘state’ and ‘market,’ as well as ‘formal’ and ‘informal’” (Lindquist, 2012, p. 75). This article aims to contribute to our understanding of arrival brokers by shedding light on commercial brokering in an arrival area in Dortmund, Germany, looking at the relations between brokers and newcomer clients. The study is based on ethnographic research, including one year of participant observation in a broker’s shop, and interviews with both brokers and newcomers. Covering both perspectives, this article analyses how commercial arrival brokering shapes newcomers’ access to resources. The findings offer new insights into arrival brokers’ multiple facets of in/formal and commercial infrastructuring. The article shows how brokers’ accessibility depends on spatial, social, financial, and temporal factors. It is relational both within the local context of service provision and through setting the conditions governing resource access. Arrival brokers can influence newcomers’ arrival processes by enabling, channelling (and sometimes blocking) resource access while also offering opportunities for newcomers to circumvent and compensate for other—more formal—forms of support. Commercial brokering evolves as a practice between brokers and newcomers within, parallel to, and beyond the support provided by more formal institutions.
CALCULATING POWER INTEGRAL BASES IN SOME QUARTIC FIELDS CORRESPONDING TO MONOGENIC FAMILIES OF POLYNOMIALS
Authors: Gaál István
Published: December 2024

Harrington and Jones characterized monogenity of four new parametric families of quartic polynomials with various Galois groups. A short time later Voutier added a cyclic family. In this note, we intend to describe all generators of power integral bases in the number fields generated by a root of the monogenic polynomials.
ON THE HYPERGROUP ASSOCIATED WITH A DISTANCE-REGULAR GRAPH WITH THE INTERSECTION ARRAY $\{k, k-1, k-c ; 1, c, k\}$
Authors: Nihei Masakazu
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we study how to determine a finite commutative hypergroup associated with a distance-regular graph with the intersection array . Furthermore, we explicitly give its structure.
THE POLICY OF " MEČIARIZMUS" IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC IN THE MID-90S OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Parfeniuk А.
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the political, social and economic processes in the Slovak Republic during the rule of the Movement for Democratic Slovakia led by Vladimír Mečiar. He served as Prime Minister from 1992 to 1998 (with a short break in 1994). The years of his premiership are of particular scientific interest due to the form of policy he pursued. This period is also interesting because it was the time when the basic foundations of the independent Slovak Republic were being formed. The main institutions of power were formed and transformed.

Special attention was paid to the sharp internal political struggle between the ruling party and the opposition. The opposition included both right and left parties, as well as the President of Slovakia and his entourage. The authorities often used cruel, provocative and unconstitutional methods of struggle against them.

The article reveals the essence of the political regime of "mečiarizmus" with its main features and characteristics, including: abuse of power, chieftaincy, persecution, disregard for the law and cases of violation of the Constitution. A generalized political portrait of Vladimir Mečiar a charismatic politician with authoritarian tendencies is presented. He pursued populist rhetoric and a rather tough policy on the verge of democracy and authoritarianism. The features of the formation of the independent Slovak Republic in the foreign policy context are considered. It is established that at that time the foreign policy course of Slovakia's integration into Euro-Atlantic structures was officially declared. But in reality, there was a rapprochement with russia and a departure from Europe.

The Slovak experience can be useful in identifying the characteristics and overthrowing the regimes of "soft authoritarianism", which pose a threat to democratic countries, especially in the Central and Eastern European region, which due to its past is quite vulnerable to political manipulation.