bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of 2,4-dichlorophenol photocatalytic removal using different artificial intelligence approaches
Authors: Esmaeili Narjes , Esmaeili Khalil Saraei Fatemeh , Ebrahimian Pirbazari Azadeh , Tabatabai-Yazdi Fatemeh-Sadat , Khodaee Ziba , Amirinezhad Ali , Esmaeili Amin , Ebrahimian Pirbazari Ali
Published: April 2022

Photocatalytic degradation is one of the effective methods to remove various pollutants from domestic and industrial effluents. Several operational parameters can affect the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation. Performing experimental methods to obtain the percentage degradation (%degradation) of pollutants in different operating conditions is costly and time-consuming. For this reason, the use of computational models is very useful to present the %degradation in various operating conditions. In our previous work, Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposite containing different amounts of silver nanoparticles (Fe3O4/TiO2/Ag) were synthesized, characterized by various analytical techniques and applied to degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP). In this work, a series of models, including stochastic gradient boosting (SGB), artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), the improvement of ANFIS with genetic algorithm (GA-ANFIS), and particle swarm optimization (PSO-ANFIS) were developed to estimate the removal percentage of 2,4-DCP. The model inputs comprised of catalyst dosage, radiation time, initial concentration of 2,4-DCP, and various volumes of AgNO3. Evaluating the developed models showed that all models can predict the occurring phenomena with good compatibility, but the PSO-ANFIS and the SGB models gave a high accuracy with the coefficient of determination (R
2) of 0.99. Moreover, the relative contributions, and the relevancy factors of input parameters were evaluated. The catalyst dosage and radiation time had the highest (32.6%), and the lowest (16%) relative contributions on the predicting of removal percentage of 2,4-DCP, respectively.
Regenerative shock absorber using cylindrical cam and slot motion conversion
Authors: Abdulwasea Al-Othmani , Li Li , Mohammed Waleed Salman , Abdulghafour Ahmed S.
Published: April 2022

The increasing demand for fossil fuels has led to an increase in their prices; therefore, the regenerative shock absorber (RSA) devices were designed in conjunction with the suspension system industry, in order to reduce the vibration produced whilst driving, which has become a major concern in automobile production. With regards to vehicle development, compared with the current technology, the subject matter of this paper has the following advantages: The current design relates to the RSAs for vehicles, which has an energy recovery function, a simple and new design, a longer life span, a low cost, and are lightweight. A 45° inclined long slot steering mechanism is used in this design to collect the vibration energy generated while driving the vehicle, improving the energy use rate and saving the amount of fuel that is consumed. The reciprocating linear motion in driving the vehicle is converted into a rotational movement. Peak efficiency of 50% and the average efficiency of 45% are demonstrated in the MATLAB system. It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy and restores energy vibration using a suspension shock absorber while driving, which improves energy use and provides greater comfort for passengers while the vehicle is in motion.
Experimental investigation for the estimation of the intensity of solar irradiance on oblique surfaces by means of various models
Authors: Hassan Qusay , Jaszczur Marek , Teneta Janusz , Abbas Majid K. , Hasan Ali , Al-Jiboory Ali Khudhair
Published: April 2022

In the literature several models have been derived by different authors in order to predict the solar irradiance intensity over inclined surfaces, however for the most models accuracy at various inclinations have not been verified. The study evaluated the estimation of solar irradiance at different tilt angles by means of different models based on the experimental measurements. For this purpose, two groups of models (isotropic and anisotropic) were carried out: the first group of models was used for estimating the diffuse solar irradiance component, and the second group was used for estimating the global solar irradiance. Five models have been selected and implemented for the estimation of the diffuse solar irradiance component, and five models have been selected for the estimation of global solar irradiance. The results of the analysis were compared with local experimental measurements for diffuse radiation and global irradiance. There are three tilt angles (0°, 30°, 60°) and a two-axis tracking system has been determent for comparison experiments with the model estimated results. The results showed all the selected models generated an error percentage in both the diffuse and global irradiance investigations.
When internal reconstruction goes further: proposing the vowel system of Pre-Khroskyabs through examining bound state apophony
Authors: Lai Yunfan
Published: April 2022

This paper proposes an internal reconstruction of the vowel system of Pre-Khroskyabs by analysing bound state apophony in modern Siyuewu Khroskyabs. While most modern Khroskyabs dialects do not exhibit sufficient variations of bound state apophony, Siyuewu Khroskyabs is conservative in this regard. The internal reconstruction deals with the different reflexes between final and non-final vowels in modern Khroskyabs dialects, and postulates a unified origin for them, by hypothesising two series of vowels, velarised and plain. Velarisation in Pre-Khroskyabs is then compared with uvularisation in Tangut, showing regular correspondences between the two. This work demonstrates that velarisation is an important feature that can be reconstructed back to Proto-Gyalrongic, and that it helps us in understanding Trans-Himalayan historical linguistics. Additionally, it can be seen through this paper that internal reconstruction is an indispensable procedure in reconstructing the history of a language, as a significant portion of vocalic contrasts cannot be reconstructed by cross-linguistic comparisons alone.
Synergistic in vitro anticancer actions of decorated selenium nanoparticles with fucoidan/Reishi extract against colorectal adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: El-Hefnawy Mohamed E. , El-Sherbiny Mohsen M. , Al Harbi Mamdouh , Tayel Ahmed A.
Published: April 2022

Cancer-fighting needs more effective and targeted drugs, desirably with least side-effects and from natural bases. The assessment and synergistic actions of multiple anticancer drug candidates were investigated. Fucoidan (Fu) was extracted from Sargassum cinereum, which was attained from the Saudi Red-Sea coast. The extract of Ganoderma lucidum or Reishi mushroom (Re) was achieved, intermixed with Fu solution, and they were used for reducing/decorating/capping selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). The infrared analysis of produced/synthesized agents emphasized their biochemical structures and interactions. The decorated Fu/Re/SeNPs had negative (−30.6 mV) zeta potential and the SeNPs mean particle size was 6.5 nm. The transmission imaging of SeNPs indicated their spherical profiles and well-dispersion within Fu/Re composite. The anticancer potentiality of Fu/Re and Fu/Re/SeNPs against human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells was investigated using MTT, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and comet assay. Both composites exhibited potent bioactivities toward adenocarcinoma cells; the reduced cells survival was detected with IC50 of 57.82 and 16.43 µg·mL−1 for Fu/Re and Fu/Re/SeNPs, respectively. The constrained apoptosis was notably observed from treated cells with the composites; substantial molecular damages were also verified via the comet assay, especially in Fu/Re/SeNPs treated cells. The innovative innocuous composite from Fu/Re/SeNPs is highly recommended to deactivate/destruct colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.
Investigation on microstructural features and tensile shear fracture properties of resistance spot welded advanced high strength dual phase steel sheets in lap joint configuration for automotive frame applications
Authors: Rajarajan Chakkaravarthi , Sivaraj Paramasivam , Sonar Tushar , Raja Selvaraj , Mathiazhagan Nallusamy
Published: April 2022

The main objective of this research paper is to study the microstructural features and mechanical properties of resistance spot welded advanced high-strength steel of dual phase grade in lap joint configuration which is mainly employed in sheet form for fabrication of the automotive structure. Resistance spot welding (RSW) being a solid-state welding (SSW) process is used to overcome the problems in fusion welding of AHSS-DP steel such as heat affected zone (HAZ) softening, solidification cracking and distortion which significantly deteriorates the mechanical properties of AHSS-DP800 steel joints. The straight lap (SL-TSFL) and cross lap tensile shear fracture load (CL-TSFL) of spot joints were evaluated. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were used to characterize the weld nugget. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results are also presented for phase identification in the weld nugget. The fracture surface of failed TSFL specimens was analyzed using SEM. The lap joints made using RSW disclosed superior SL-TSFL, CL-TSFL, and WNZH of 21.7 kN, 17.65 kN, and 589 HV0.5 The superior joint strength and hardness of the weld nugget zone are correlated to the evolution of lath martensite in the nugget zone.
LncRNA expression in idiopathic achalasia: New insight and preliminary exploration into pathogenesis
Authors: Lu Chao , Wei Furong , He Xinjue , Yao Xin , Yu Chaohui
Published: April 2022

Idiopathic achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder characterized by the absence of esophageal peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). However, the pathogenesis of idiopathic achalasia remains unclear. To further understand the pathogenesis, we conducted lncRNA and mRNA microarray analyses. LES specimens from 5 patients and 4 controls were used for microarray. Potential target genes with significantly changed lncRNA and mRNA were predicted using cis/trans-regulatory algorithms, followed by the Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis to understand the biophysical effect. Finally, 7,133 significantly dysregulated mRNAs (3,136 increased and 3,997 decreased), along with 6,892 significantly dysregulated lncRNAs (4,900 increased and 1,992 decreased). Biophysical function analysis revealed that the cell adhesion molecule (CAM) pathway was a common pathway. The predicted lncRNA targets of NRXN1 (Down FC: 9.07), NTNG2 (UP FC: 2.75), CADM1 (Down FC: 2.26), NLGN1 (Down FC: 4.60), NEGR1 (Down FC: 2.335), CD22 (Down FC: 5.62), HLA-DQB1 (Down FC: 5.06), and HLA-DOA (Down FC: 2.31) were inputted in this pathway, which was mainly located in the synapse part of the neural system and immune system. Our study demonstrates the lncRNAs and corresponding mRNAs that may play important roles in idiopathic achalasia.
The crystal structure of N-cyclopentyl-3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzamide, C13H17NO3
Authors: Zhang Jingxiao , Guo Shubin , Guo Yongnan , Yang Yanliang
Published: April 2022

C13H17NO3, monoclinic, Cc (no. 9), a = 11.6502(8) Å, b = 13.8752(8) Å, c = 7.9644(5) Å, β = 106.051(2)°, V = 1237.25(14) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0427, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1023, T = 170 K.
Rediscovered Mesolithic Rock Art Collection from Kamyana Mohyla Complex in Eastern Ukraine
Authors: Radchenko Simon
Published: April 2022

The unique rock art complex of Kamyana Mohyla in South-Eastern Ukraine is known due to its numerous cave art engraved elements and settlements, which show how important is this site in the general picture of European prehistory as regards the Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age periods of the region. However, the assemblages from this site include also a collection of portable rock art artifacts called “churingas.” Important elements of this assemblage are thought to belong to the Mesolithic. These specimens illustrate different aspects of the artist’s worldview and are capable of revealing a lot of additional data on the technological and cultural aspects of their creation. However, their study is complicate because of a very abstract imaging, lack of systematic approach to the artifact classification and absence of a well-defined stratigraphic context from which they have been recovered. Likely, current state of archaeological record and modern technologies introduces the new opportunity to rediscover, reconsider and reshape this collection.
GaP-filled PCF with ultra-high birefringence and nonlinearity for distinctive optical applications
Authors:   Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh, Mohammadd N. , Abdulrazak L. F. ,   Department of Computer Science, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaimaniya 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Tahhan S. R. , Amin R. ,   Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh, Ibrahim S. M. ,   Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, Ahmed K. ,   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada, Bui F. M. ,   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
Published: April 2022

A gallium phosphide (GaP) based photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with hexagonal air hole arrangements is introduced in this study that reveals high birefringence (Br) and nonlinear coefficient (NLC). Numerous optical properties, such as birefringence, nonlinearity, dispersion, confinement loss, effective area, core power fraction, etc. are studied by finetuning the geometrical variables, applying the finite element method (FEM). The numerical analyses demonstrate that an ultra-high Br of 59.1 × 10−2 and NLC of 2.37 × 105 𝑊−1𝐾𝑚−1 with a large negative dispersion of ―3875.21 ps. nm―1 . km−1 can be accomplished at the wavelength of 1.55 𝜇𝑚. Consequently, the developed PCF can be applied in a plethora of intriguing applications, including supercontinuum generation, telecommunications, etc.
Educational Values of Roadside Trees in Carcar City, Cebu, Philippines: Implications to Environmental Education
Authors: Sanchez Joje Mar Perino , Teologo Aila Louella Marie I. , Villamejor Rhona R. , Rieta Grazen Brithzel T. , Oberes Jeanne S. , Romeo Jessa O. , Pahamotang Zandher Austin D. , Gempisao Shervi A. , Villarojo Lenylyn E.
Published: April 2022

Roadside trees along the national highway in Barangay Perrelos in Carcar City are trees that considered a heritage, and yet are affected by urban developments in the province. The study determined the profile of the roadside trees as well as the knowledge, attitudes, and conservation efforts of the locals in the area. Questionnaires and interviews were given to 50 respondents, and data gathered were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson r and thematic analysis. Ecological indices such as abundance percentage and species richness were also used by the study. Results revealed that there are 108 identified roadside trees, where the species richness is 0.962 and acacia trees are the most abundant (46.30%). Knowledge and attitudes of the respondents were high and low-to-moderate, respectively. Conservation practices towards the roadside trees included pruning, no burning near the trees and making of diversion roads, all adhering with existing environmental laws of the country. Tree abundance and richness, knowledge acquisition, attitude inculcation, and conservation efforts are manifestations of the educational values of roadside trees to the people. Research on these educational values of trees is novel as it provides importance on cultural heritage, environmental protection, and sustainable planning in the area. Implications to environmental education are formulated for the Philippine elementary and secondary education Science teaching.
Species Diversity of Epiphyte Fern Plants in Curug Lawe Waterfall Region, Semarang District
Authors: Saputro Rizky Wahyu , Utami Sri , Khotimperwati Lilih
Published: April 2022

Epiphyte fern plants are fern plants that grow attached to the phorophyte tree. Existence of fern plants are effected by tree bark and environmental condition in which they grow. This research aimed to study the species composition, important value index, diversity index, evenness index, and similarity index of epiphyte fern plants in the Curug Lawe Waterfall Region Semarang District. This research was conducted on 5 research stations i.e. clove plantations area (CPA), irrigation canal (IC), mixed forest (MF), river flow (RF), and waterfall area (WA). The research used plot technique with plot size 10 m x 10 m. The results showed 11 species of epiphyte fern from 8 families were found. The highest important value index is obtained by Goniophlebium serratifolium. The diversity index of epiphyte fern plants are categorized as low and moderate. The evenness index of epiphyte fern plants are categorized as not evenly distributed, quite evenly distributed, and almost evenly distributed. The highest similarity index is in irrigation canal (IC) and river flow (RF). Environmental conditions in Curug Lawe Waterfall Region are suitable for epiphyte fern plants habitat. This research is novel as it provides some information about the community structure of epiphyte ferns in Curug Lawe Waterfall Region and to engage all peoples to maintain our biodiversity keep sustainable.
Molecular Characterization of Anguilla sp. with Special Notes on Its Population Genetic in the Rivers of Cilacap Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nuryanto Agus , Riani Sri , Bhagawati Dian , Winarni Elly Tuti , Rachmawati Farida Nur
Published: April 2022

Taxonomic status of Anguilla species in the rivers of Cilacap is vital for further study, such as population genetics and evolutionary history. Taxonomic status, population genetic, and evolutionary histories of Anguilla can be assessed using single genetic marker, such as cytochrome oxidase 1 gene. This study aimed to determine taxonomic status, genetic diversity and connectivity, and evolutionary history of Anguilla populations in the rivers of Cilacap. Anguilla samples were collected from Doplang-Serayu and Segara Anakan watersheds.  Sequence homology test to the conspecific sequence in GenBank proved that all samples from Doplang-Serayu watershed were genetically identified as Anguilla bicolor (98.23 to 100% homology). The decision was supported by monophyly between samples and their conspecific references. Anguilla bicolor from both watersheds had high haplotype (gene) diversity. Amova and Fst analysis proved that no genetic difference (p=0.623) was observed between Doplang-Serayu and Segara Anakan watersheds, indicated panmixing.  Haplotype network proved that both populations were evolved from two primitive ancestors. This study concluded that Anguilla bicolor was the only freshwater eel observed in the rivers of Cilacap. Anguilla bicolor in the rivers of Cilacap has high genetic diversity but no genetic differentiation was observed among populations. Anguilla bicolor population in the rivers of Cilacap evolved from two primitive ancestors.
Les obstacles des élèves de classe X de SMA Negeri 2 Mranggen en enseignement à distance du français utilisant CHAMILO
Authors: Tyas Ayuning , Astuti Dwi
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Dans le milieu scolaire, pour prévenir la propagation et la transmission du virus Covid19 pendant la pandémie, les activités d'apprentissage et d'enseignement sont changées en apprentissage à distance qui est très différent de l'apprentissage direct afin que les élèves puissent avoir des obstacles.Chamilo est un système de gestion de l'apprentissage qui est utilisée seulement à SMA Negeri 2 Mranggen. Le but de cette étude est de savoir quels obstacles sont eu par les élèves dans l'apprentissage à distance des matières françaises utilisant Chamilo à SMAN 2 Mranggen.Cette étude est celle de descriptive quantitative. La variable de cette étude est les obstacles des élèves dans l'enseignement à distance des matières françaisesutilisant Chamilo à SMAN 2 Mranggen. Les répondants de cette étude est les élèves de la classe X MIPA 4 SMAN 2 Mranggen. Les données obtenues ont analysées à l'aide d'une analyse descriptive en pourcentage. Les résultats de cette étude indiquent que les obstacles des élèves de la classe X de SMA Negeri 2 Mranggen dans l'enseignement à distance utilisant Chamilo dans les matières françaises comprennent des facteurs internes et externes. Les facteurs internes sont la motivation à apprendre dont le pourcentage est de 40,96 %, la perception de l'enseignement à distance dont le pourcentage est de 24,32 % et l’intérêt à apprendre dont le pourcentage est de 19,57 %, ensuite les facteurs externes sont les installations et les infrastructures dont le pourcentage est de 15,15%. 

Abstract

Chamilo is a learning management system that is only used at SMA Negeri 2 Mranggen.The purpose of this study was to find out what obstacles were experienced by students in distance learning French subjects using Chamilo at SMAN 2 Mranggen. This research is descriptive quantitative. The variable in this study is the obstacles of students in distance education of French subjects at SMAN 2 Mranggen. Respondents to this study are students of class X MIPA 4 SMAN 2 Mranggen. The data obtained analyzed using descriptive percentage analysis. The results of this study indicate that the obstacles for class X students of SMA Negeri 2 Mranggen in distance learning in French subjects using Chamiloinclude internal and external factors. Internal factors are in the form of learning motivation with a percentage of 40.96%, perceptions about distance learning with a percentage of 24.32%, and interest in learning with a percentage of 19.57%, while external factors are in the form of facilities and infrastructure with a percentage of 15.15%.
Analysis of Students Metacognition Ability through Problem Based Learning Assisted by Worksheets on Environmental Pollution Material
Authors: Ummayah Fivi Fari Dhotul , Dewi Novi Ratna
Published: April 2022

Metacognition ability is important for students to be able to organize and examine their thinking processes. In fact, the seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 13 Semarang do not yet know their metacognitive abilities and teachers have not deliberately built students' metacognitive abilities in various lessons with certain strategies. Problem-based learning (PBL) has the potential to build students' metacognitive abilities. This study aims to analyze the profile of students' metacognitive abilities through PBL assisted by environmental pollution worksheets. This research is a mixed-method approach which refers to Sugiono with a sequential explanatory strategy. Quantitative data were obtained through tests, while qualitative data were obtained through a metacognition ability questionnaire. The sample used was class VIIB and was selected by purposive sampling. The results based on the test analysis showed that the VIIB students had the most level 3 metacognition ability with a percentage of 54% and based on a questionnaire reach 76%. Students with the level 3 metacognition ability are able to develop their thinking processes and have poor analytical power. Students with level 1 and level 2 metacognition abilities have not been able to develop their thinking processes and have poor analytical power. Students with level 4 and level 5 metacognition abilities are able to develop their thinking processes and have good analytical power. Student's responses analysis about PBL assisted by worksheets are in a good category. Learning with the right method is needed in building and developing students' metacognitive abilities for the better.
Development of Learning Tools Experiential Model Exploring the Surrounding Nature to Improve Generic Science Skills of Junior High School Students
Authors: Dania Siti Evita Rhama , Taufiq Muhamad
Published: April 2022

This study aims to analyze the feasibility and readability of the Experiential Model Exploring the Surrounding Nature (E-JAS) learning instrument. This type of research is development research which refers to the ADDIE development model. However, this research is limited to only using 4 stages of development, namely: Analysis, Design, Development, and Evaluation. This was due to the conditions and circumstances of the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collection techniques using the method of observation, documentation, and questionnaires. The data collection instruments used validation sheets, student and teacher readability questionnaires. The results of the research that have been done are: Validation of the syllabus obtained a score of 0.85. The validation of the learning implementation plan obtained a score of 0.78. Validation of student worksheets obtained a score of 0.85. The validation of the evaluation questions obtained a score of 0.86. The readability of students towards learning instruments is 80% in the good category and the readability of the teacher for learning devices is 83.4% in the very good category. It is concluded that the E-JAS learning instrument developed is declared very feasible with an average validation percentage of 0.83 and an average readability of 81.7% so it is very feasible to be used to support learning activities.
Comparative Study of Critical Thinking Skills on PBL Model Learning with Animated Videos between the Students Using Moodle and Google Classroom
Authors: Samihah Ismalida Maftuhatus , Savitri Erna Noor
Published: April 2022

This study aims to compare the students’ critical thinking skills who use moodle and google classroom on learning PBL models with animated videos. This is comparative research with a nonequivalent pretest-posttest group design and sampling technique cluster random sampling. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the first experimental class that used moodle is better than the second experimental class that used google classroom. This is obtained from the test results N-gain where the first experimental class obtained a gain score of 0.51 in the fair category, and the second experimental class obtained a gain score of 0.43 in the fair category. The result of t test is t count = 2,8038 > t table = 1,9917 shows that Ha is accepted so that the critical thinking skills of students who use moodle are better than google classroom.
The therapy of functional dyspepsia: an update
Authors: Dumitrascu Dan L.
Published: April 2022

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common disorder of the gut-brain interaction (previously named functional gastrointestinal disorders). Recent data evaluate its prevalence to 7% worldwide. FD is classified into epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) and PDS (PDS). While the diagnosis of FD is standardized thanks to the work of the Rome Foundation committees, the therapy is far from being satisfactory. A recent European guide found few strong recommendations, reflecting the lack of sufficient data for high levels of evidence. This review is presenting possibilities of management of FD. Therapeutic indications should target the main symptoms and be proportionate to the severity.
Interrelation: gastric microbiota - acid-dependent diseases, and more…
Authors: Babin Alexandru
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The relationship between gastric microbiota and acid-dependent diseases is currently not fully studied. The study is based on a review of the literature to analyze and reflect the available data on the interaction of gastric microbiota and acid-dependent diseases, as well as brain-gut diseases.

Methods. The survey was performed by analyzing data from Medscape, PubMed, Elsevier. The articles  analyzed are in English, Romanian, Russian, published in the last 10 years. Data on the composition (landscape) of the gastric microbiota and their influence on acid-dependent diseases and digestive diseases in general were reflected.

Results. The research reflected that in addition to Helicobacter pylori infection, the landscape of the gastric microbiota in the acid stomach (with low pH) is not sterile and includes other types such as: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria. At the same time, current methods document a bacterial load of 1010-1012 (CFU) / mL in the colon, which is much higher than in the stomach, where it reaches 102-104 CFU / mL. H.pylori influences the diversification of the non-H.pylori gastric microbiota; Decreased diversification increases the risk of carcinogenesis. The aspects of the role of H. pylori in functional dyspepsia, named after the Maastricht Consensus V - H. pylori dyspepsia, were also demonstrated.

The taxonomic profiles (Philum-level, Genus-level) of the gastric microbiota require the study of the interrelationships with acid-dependent diseases, as well as the feedback.

Conclusions. The study shows that the stomach is not a sterile organ and in addition to H. pylori there are 5 other types of gastric microbiota, which are interrelated with acid-dependent diseases and digestive disorders and vice versa. This issue requires a comprehensive approach
The impact of liver steatosis on the postoperative evolution after right lobe living-donor hepatectomy
Authors: Peltec Angela , Hotineanu Adrian , Popescu Irinel , Brașoveanu Vladislav
Published: April 2022

Background. Living donor liver transplantation has become a feasible treatment modality for end-stage liver disease. The obesity epidemic worldwide has made it increasingly common to encounter liver steatosis in living donor candidates. The aim of study was to analyze the impact of moderate hepatic steatosis on the postoperative evolutions after right lobe living-donor hepatectomy.

Methods. Living donors who underwent donor hepatectomy during the period 2000 to 2020 in two medical centers were included in this study. We distinguished 3 groups based on the degree of steatosis: Group O - 0%, Group I - 1–10% and Group II >10%.

Results. A total number of 157 living donors underwent surgery, of whom 112 (71.34%) were right lobe liver donors. There were 62 without steatosis, 31 – with steatosis 1-10% and 19 with steatosis >10%. No difference has been found in proportion of men, median of age, body mass index and left lobe/total liver volume ration in compared groups. Total liver volume was significantly higher in the Group I than in the Group O (p=0.028). The moderate HS group presented significant higher volume of intraoperative hemorrhage than no-HS group (p=0.041). No differences were observed in the postoperative liver function between the groups. The minimal HS group comprised a significantly higher proportion of postoperative complications than no-HS group (67.7% vs 40.3%, p=0.043). The longer postoperative length of hospital stay in ICU was observed in Group I than in Group O (p=0.024).

Conclusion Moderate HS does not importantly impair living liver donors’ safety.
Artificial intelligence applications in gastroenterology: steps ahead
Authors: Popa Stefan L. , Ismaiel Abdulrahman
Published: April 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) applications are used in gastroenterology for automatic imaging diagnostic methods such as ultrasonography, computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, but also in endoscopy, capsule endoscopy and biopsy followed by automatic digital pathology evaluation. The accuracy of AI-based systems is superior to human expertise. Furthermore, in reality, a very small percentage of the patients are being investigated by a human expert in endoscopy, so implementing AI in this investigation would only increase the diagnostic accuracy. The existence of an unimaginable number of digital images and different types of medical information made possible the analysis and training of convolutional neural network (CNN), which consists of multilayers of artificial neural networks (ANN) with step-by-step minimal processing, creating a fundamental resource for any AI-based system to learn by itself how to automatically perform medical tasks, which were performed only by human experts in the past. The main objectives for AI applications used in gastroenterology are to improve the medical procedures with enhanced precision, to reduce the number of medical errors and to perform repetitive tasks.
Pregnancy and COVID-19 - liver damage
Authors: Tofan-Scutaru Liudmila , Tcaciuc Eugen , Turcan Svetlana
Published: April 2022

This review examines information from systematic reviews and meta-analyses, research studies, and case reports to present current knowledge about liver damage in pregnant patients having Covid-19 during pregnancy. Problems with diagnosis and differential diagnosis are examined in the context of the need to rule out other causes of liver dysfunction, including pregnancy-related liver disease. In this paper we give an overview of COVID-19 liver problems during pregnancy. Mechanisms of liver involvement in COVID-19 infection are being examined. An overview of the assessment of abnormal liver biological syndromes in pregnant patients is provided. Differential diagnostic algorithms for primary liver damage established in a pregnant woman in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic are presented. Challenges in diagnosis and etiology assessment methods and customized management options are described.

The management of pregnant women with hepatic dysfunction onset on the Covid-19 background and subsequently aggravated is discussed. The importance of anticoagulant therapy as an essential measure of symptomatic management of Covid-19 in pregnant women is emphasized, as both pregnancy and COVID-19 are thrombogenic. Hypercoagulability appears to adversely affect the pregnant women liver with Covid-19 and post Covid-19 and anticoagulant therapy has benefits in the management of liver damage associated with Covid-19.

The COVID-19 liver problems in a 33-year-old woman who was not vaccinated for Covid-19, without a history of chronic liver disease, was tested positive for Covid-19 at 33 weeks of gestation is discussed. The report of the diagnostics, differential diagnosis, and management questions in the context of liver dysfunction manifested by a significant increase in alanine aminotransferase cytolysis syndrome. The positive effect of anticoagulant therapy in resolving cytolytic syndrome is emphasized. The good maternal and perinatal result is also mentioned.
Nutrition therapy in acute and chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Turcan Svetlana , Tofan-Scutaru Liudmila
Published: April 2022

Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease associated with disorders of nutrient assimilation and, as a result, with significant changes in the nutritional status.

All patients with acute pancreatitis should be considered at nutritional risk and should be screened using validated screening methods. The optimal nutritional treatment for acute pancreatitis has been debated for decades. The traditional approach was "nothing in the mouth", only parenteral nutrition until the acute symptoms disappear and the level of serum pancreatic enzymes decreases. However, this tactic can contribute to various complications, starting with malnutrition and ending with sepsis due to damage of the intestinal mucosa. Clinical trials and meta-analyses have shown that patients with acute pancreatitis can tolerate oral nutrition and that oral / enteral nutrition is associated with a shorter hospital stay and a lower rate of complications compared to solely parenteral. Therefore, early oral nutrition with a low-fat "soft food" is recommended. In case of oral feeding intolerance, enteral nutrition is preferable, but not parenteral supply. A combination of enteral and parenteral nutrition may be recommended in patients who do not tolerate a sufficient amount of enteral nutrition.

Malnutrition in chronic pancreatitis cannot be detected using BMI alone, and a detailed nutritional assessment is required, including assessment of symptoms and organic functions, anthropometry, and biochemical tests. Nutritional therapy in chronic pancreatitis should be multifactorial and based on abstinence from alcohol and nicotine, and diet modification. International guidelines no longer recommend severe dietary fat restriction; on the contrary, a physiological diet is recommended, but with adequate replacement of pancreatic enzymes. In case of intolerance to physiological nutrition, a low-fat diet with oral nutritional supplements is recommended to replenish energy and nutrients.

This is a review of recent studies and guidelines on nutrition in pancreatitis for physicians and medical trainees.
An economics of crop insurance for notified crops in tribal areas of Gujarat (India)
Authors: Arahant Arvind , Kumar Arvind , Sijariya Rajiv , Tiwari Brajesh
Published: April 2022

The study was conducted in Navsari and Dang district as it is one of the important paddy and ragi growing areas of the Gujarat state. This study is based on an analysis of primary and secondary data for the Kharif and Rabi, 2015 season. A simple random sampling technique was adopted in the selection of farmers based on the crop cutting experiment for estimating yield during the proposed season. The study was conducted in two tehsils of Navsari district namely Vansda and Chikhli and three tehsils of Dang district namely Waghai, Ahwa and Subir. To understand the opinion of the farmers from Navsari and Dang district the sample design is a form based on the number of crop cutting experiments and notified crops from different tehsil of the sample district. The crop cutting experiments were carried out by soil testing laboratory, Vansda, Gujarat. The structured questionnaire will be used for primary data collection. The data was interpreted by working out averages, standard deviation, co-efficient of variation, percentage and ratios and finally, to elicit the opinion of insured and non – insured farmers’ percentage method was employed.
Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinalis L.) on chemical and microbial quality of Chhana whey beverage
Authors: Sharma N. , Chavan K.D. , Jaybhay V.B.
Published: April 2022

The present investigation was planned to evaluate the effect of ginger on Chhana whey beverage (CWB). The pre optimized and finalized different levels of ginger powder in Chhana whey were used to the experimental treatments. The experiments were laid out in Completely Randomized Design with four replications for pre experimental and experimental trials. The experimental treatments were; without ginger powder (T0), addition of 0.1% (T1), 0.2% (T2), 0.3% (T3), 0.4% (T4) ginger powder. All the experimental samples were analyzed for chemical and microbiological qualities on day 0 (fresh). On increasing level of ginger over 0.3 % and 10% sugar, the sensory scores for colour and appearance, consistency, flavour and overall acceptability was going decreasing. The chemical parameters like lactose protein, total sugar, total solids, titratable acidity increased significantly (p<0.05) whereas fat was irrespective and pH show close similarity. The SPC counts increased, The YMC and coliforms were not detected. Better quality Chhana whey beverage (CWB) could be prepared by blending of 0.3 % ginger powder and 10% sugar.
Knowledge level of solar pumps by the farmers in Jodhpur district of Rajasthan
Authors: Choudhary Divya , Lal Banwari , Serawat Rajesh Kumar , Kishnawat Lokendra Singh
Published: April 2022

Solar pumping irrigation was demonstrated a robust fusion in rural development, ecological conservation and available technology for increasing farmers income, living standards and improving the living condition by women by reducing labour intensity and reducing poverty. The present study was conducted in Jodhpur district of Rajasthan. There are total sevens tehsils in Jodhpur district of Rajasthan, out of which, two tehsils namely Osian and balesar were selected on the basis of maximum number of installed of solar pump. Ten villages from each selected tehsils were selected on the basis of maximum number of solar pumps beneficiaries. One hundred twenty five (125) farmers were selected from twenty selected villages these were having maximum number of solar pumps were selected for research study. The study clearly showed that that majority of solar pumps users (61.00%) belonged to middle level of knowledge, followed by high level of knowledge (22.40%). Whereas, only 16.00 per cent solar pump user were belonged to the low level of knowledge, respectively.
Estimation of heterosis for yield and yield components in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]
Authors: Darshini T.K. , Gangaprasad S.
Published: April 2022

Exploitation of heterosis is primarily dependent on the selection of available germplasm that could be produced by better combinations of important agronomic characters. The heterosis was recorded for fruit and its fifteen component characters. The crosses showing significant heterosis over standard check were Varsha Upahar x Kashi Kiranthi for plant height and days to 50% flowering, 307-10-01 x Arka Anamika for number of leaves, Parbhani Kranthi x ZARS for internodal length, Varsha Upahar x ZARS for number of branches per plant, Pusa Makhmali x ZARS for number of nodes on main stem, Phule Utkarshi x Kashi Kiranthi for stem diameter, Punjab Padmini x ZARS for fruit length, Pusa Makhmali x Kashi Kiranthi for fruit diameter,VRU-109x Arka Anamika for number of fruits per plant, Punjab Padmini x ZARS for average fruit weight per plant and for total fruit yield per plant was maximum in the hybrid VRU-109 x Arka Aanamika, followed by Phule Utkarshi x Kashi Kiranthi were these hybrids may be used for exploitation of hybrid vigour on commercial scale.
Constraints faced by rural women in adoption of new technologies
Authors: Umrikar S. H. , Tiwari Rekha
Published: April 2022

Although there are number of technologies designed and developed by many Scientists most of these are either not adopted or adopted partially by them. Very few technologies are found to become popular among the farm women. There are so many constraints in its use due to socio-economic bindings, situational or technological problems, they tend to reject the technology, discontinue its use or partially adopt it. Hence, the study was conducted to find out the various Problems faced by rural women in adoption of new technologies. The study was conducted on 100 respondents (20 from each selected village) of five villages of Gevarai Tehsil district Beed. The data was collected through interview method in 2017-18. The major problems expressed by majority of the respondents were technologies were costly, habit of using traditional method, not easily available in market, difficulty in acquire perfect skill, unavailability of raw material, poor family income etc for its adoption.
AGROMETEOROLOGICAL-SPECTRAL MODEL FOR ESTIMATING SUGARCANE PRODUCTIVITY IN BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID
Authors: SILVA ANDERSON SANTOS DA , COSTA MARIANA ALVES DA , MOURA GEBER BARBOSA DE ALBUQUERQUE , LOPES PABRÍCIO MARCOS OLIVEIRA , GUIMARÃES MIGUEL JULIO MACHADO , GOMES ANTHONY WELLINGTON ALMEIDA
Published: April 2022

This work aimed to develop an agrometeorological-spectral model, through a multiple linear regression, to estimate sugarcane productivity in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Annual agricultural yield data (2005/2006 to 2011/2012), monthly agrometeorological and spectral data (2005 to 2012) were used. In the calibration period of the model, the correlation between agrometeorological and spectral data in conformity with the real agricultural yield was the criterion chosen for the independent variables: irrigation plus rain precipitation, average air temperature, air vapor saturation deficit, and normalized difference vegetation index. In the calibration of the model, satisfactory results were observed with mean relative differences below 0.87% and an estimated standard error of 0.7806 tons of sugarcane in all crop years analyzed. In the model validation, the best performance was obtained for the crop year 2004/2005 compared to 2013/2014 and 2014/2015, what can be justified by the renewal of planting in this period. The model was adjusted through a correction factor and had its performance optimized in the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop years. Multiple linear regression represents an excellent tool to be used in association with agrometeorological and spectral data for the estimation of agricultural productivity.
Análise dos índices de Extremos de Precipitação em Cenários Futuros na Bacia do Rio Ribeira de Iguape - São Paulo
Authors: Ferreira Briane Carla Coppi , Valverde Maria Cleofé
Published: April 2022

Resumo Eventos extremos de precipitação são causados pelo excesso ou falta de chuva que podem provocar inundações, períodos de estiagem longos e secas que afetam a vida da população. Este trabalho visa estudar as tendências da precipitação através dos índices de extremos climáticos (CDD, R10mm, Rx1day, Rx5day e R95p) nas sub-bacias Alto Juquiá, Baixo Ribeira e Rio Ribeira de Iguape, localizadas na Bacia do Rio Ribeira de Iguape, tanto no contexto atual quanto futuro. A sub-bacia Alto Juquiá alimenta o Sistema Produtor de São Lourenço que abastece parte dos municípios da Grande São Paulo. Analisaram-se os dados de índices extremos observados e simulados por dois modelos regionais climáticos: Eta-HadGEM2-ES e Eta-MIROC5. A análise histórica dos dados observados identificou tendências de aumento nos números de dias secos consecutivos (CDD) e em anos com dias muito chuvosos (R95p) nas três sub-bacias. As projeções dos dois modelos e cenários indicam para um futuro mais próximo (2006-2040) períodos de estiagem mais longos (CDD) e uma menor intensidade da chuva diária (R95p e Rx1day) até 2099. Ainda, é possível inferir que o modelo Eta-HadGEM2-ES obteve melhor desempenho, já que os erros sistemáticos das simulações foram menores nas sub-bacias de Alto Juquiá e Rio Ribeira de Iguape.
Uma biblioteca para os professores. A pedagogia prática e científica de origem norte-americana na Escola Normal de São Paulo, na década de 1880
Authors: Valdemarin Vera Teresa
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Esse artigo tem como tema geral a circulação transnacional do conhecimento pedagógico e toma como como fonte documental obras norte-americanas que integram o acervo Paulo Bourroul, originário da biblioteca da Escola Normal da Capital/Escola Normal Caetano de Campos, doado à Faculdade de Educação/USP em 1976. Numa perspectiva exploratória, a análise dessa arena intelectual, social e cultural na qual o conhecimento se move, incidiu sobre obras em circulação na última década do regime monárquico. O inventário das obras permitiu identificar tendências predominantes: no âmbito das práticas, os processos de ensino intuitivo adquiriram legitimidade por meio de diferentes rotas de circulação; no âmbito científico, a pedagogia amparava-se em princípios formuladas pela Psicologia para descrever o funcionamento do intelecto na produção de ideias e convicções e elevava as finalidades do campo pedagógico para além da instrução dos conteúdos.