bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Genetics of Anthracnose Resistance in Maize
Authors: Ma Wendi , Gao Xinying , Han Tongling , Mohammed Magaji Tukur , Yang Jun , Ding Junqiang , Zhao Wensheng , Peng You-Liang , Bhadauria Vijai
Published: May 2022

Maize (Zea mays), also called corn, is one of the top three staple food crops worldwide and is also utilized as feed (e.g., feed grain and silage) and a source of biofuel (e.g., bioethanol). Maize production is hampered by a myriad of factors, including although not limited to fungal diseases, which reduce grain yield and downgrade kernel quality. One such disease is anthracnose leaf blight and stalk rot (ALB and ASR) caused by the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola. The pathogen deploys a biphasic infection strategy to colonize susceptible maize genotypes, comprising latent (symptomless) biotrophic and destructive (symptomatic) necrotrophic phases. However, the resistant maize genotypes restrict the C. graminicola infection and in planta fungal proliferation during the biotrophic phase of the infection. Some studies on the inheritance of ASR resistance in the populations derived from biparental resistant and susceptible genotypes reveal that anthracnose is likely a gene-for-gene disease in which the resistant maize genotypes and C. graminicola recognize each other by their matching pairs of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat resistance (NLR) proteins (whose coding genes are localized in disease QTL) and effectors (1–2 effectors/NLR) during the biotrophic phase of infection. The Z. mays genome encodes approximately 144 NLRs, two of which, RCg1 and RCg1b, located on chromosome 4, were cloned and functionally validated for their role in ASR resistance. Here, we discuss the genetic architecture of anthracnose resistance in the resistant maize genotypes, i.e., disease QTL and underlying resistance genes. In addition, this review also highlights the disease cycle of C. graminicola and molecular factors (e.g., virulence/pathogenicity factors such as effectors and secondary metabolites) that contribute to the pathogen’s virulence on maize. A detailed understanding of molecular genetics underlying the maize—C. graminicola interaction will help devise effective management strategies against ALB and ASR.
Minimal Effects of Medium-Chain Triglyceride Supplementation on the Intestinal Microbiome Composition of Premature Infants: A Single-Center Pilot Study
Authors: Romo Jesús A. , Arsenault Amanda B. , Laforce-Nesbitt Sonia S. , Bliss Joseph M. , Kumamoto Carol A.
Published: May 2022

Compared to term infants, the microbiota of preterm infants is less diverse and often enriched for potential pathogens (e.g., members of the family Enterobacteriaceae). Additionally, antibiotics are frequently given to preterm infants, further destabilizing the microbiota and increasing the risk of fungal infections. In a previous communication, our group showed that supplementation of the premature infant diet with medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil reduced the fungal burden of Candida spp. in the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of this study was to determine whether MCT supplementation impacts the bacterial component of the microbiome. Pre-term infants (n = 17) receiving enteral feedings of either infant formula (n = 12) or human milk (n = 5) were randomized to MCT supplementation (n = 9) or no supplementation (n = 8). Fecal samples were taken at randomization and prior to MCT supplementation (Week 0), on days 5–7 (Week 1) and day 21 (Week 3). After DNA extraction from samples, the QIIME2 pipeline was utilized to measure community diversity and composition (genera and phyla). Our findings show that MCT supplementation did not significantly alter microbiota diversity or composition in the gastrointestinal tract. Importantly, there were no significant changes in the family Enterobacteriaceae, suggesting that MCT supplementation did not enrich for potential pathogens. MCT holds promise as a therapeutic intervention for reducing fungal colonization without significant impact on the bacterial composition of the host gastrointestinal tract.
Molecular Survey of Vector-Borne Pathogens in Ticks, Sheep Keds, and Domestic Animals from Ngawa, Southwest China
Authors: Lu Miao , Tian Junhua , Zhao Hongqing , Jiang Hai , Qin Xincheng , Wang Wen , Li Kun
Published: May 2022

Vector-borne pathogens are mainly transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods such as ticks, mosquitoes, fleas, lice, mites, etc. They pose a significant threat to animal and human health due to their worldwide distribution. Although much work has been performed on these pathogens, some neglected areas and undiscovered pathogens are still to be further researched. In this study, ticks (Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis), sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus), and blood samples from yaks and goats were collected in Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture located on the eastern edge of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, Southwest China. Several vector-borne bacterial pathogens were screened and studied. Anaplasma bovis strains representing novel genotypes were detected in ticks (8.83%, 37/419), yak blood samples (45.71%, 64/140), and goat blood samples (58.93%, 33/56). Two spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsiae, Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis, and a novel Rickettsia species named Candidatus Rickettsia hongyuanensis were identified in ticks. Another Rickettsia species closely related to the Rickettsia endosymbiont of Polydesmus complanatus was also detected in ticks. Furthermore, a Coxiella species was detected in ticks (3.34%, 14/419), keds (1.89%, 2/106), and yak blood (0.71%, 1/140). Interestingly, another Coxiella species and a Coxiella-like bacterium were detected in a tick and a goat blood sample, respectively. These results indicate the remarkable diversity of vector-borne pathogens circulating in this area. Further investigations on their pathogenicity to humans and domestic animals are still needed.
Augmented Efficacy of Uttroside B over Sorafenib in a Murine Model of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Swetha Mundanattu , Keerthana Chenicheri K. , Rayginia Tennyson P. , Nath Lekshmi R. , Haritha Nair Hariprasad , Shabna Anwar , Kalimuthu Kalishwaralal , Thangarasu Arun K. , Aiswarya Sreekumar U. , Jannet Somaraj , Pillai Sreekumar , Harikumar Kuzhuvelil B. , Sundaram Sankar , Anto Nikhil Ponnoor , Wu Dee H. , Lankalapalli Ravi S. , Towner Rheal , Isakov Noah , Deepa Sathyaseelan S. , Anto Ruby John
Published: May 2022

We previously reported the remarkable potency of uttroside B (Utt-B), saponin-isolated and characterized in our lab from Solanum nigrum Linn, against HCC. Recently, the U.S. FDA approved Utt-B as an ‘orphan drug’ against HCC. The current study validates the superior anti-HCC efficacy of Utt-B over sorafenib, the first-line treatment option against HCC. The therapeutic efficacies of Utt-B vs. sorafenib against HCC were compared in vitro, using various liver cancer cell lines and in vivo, utilizing NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/J mice bearing human HCC xenografts. Our data indicate that Utt-B holds an augmented anti-HCC efficacy over sorafenib. Our previous report demonstrated the pharmacological safety of Utt-B in Chang Liver, the normal immortalized hepatocytes, and in the acute and chronic toxicity murine models even at elevated Utt-B concentrations. Here, we show that higher concentrations of sorafenib induce severe toxicity, in Chang Liver, as well as in acute and chronic in vivo models, indicating that, apart from the superior therapeutic benefit over sorafenib, Utt-B is a pharmacologically safer molecule, and the drug-induced undesirable effects can, thus, be substantially alleviated in the context of HCC chemotherapy. Clinical studies in HCC patients utilizing Utt-B, is a contiguous key step to promote this drug to the clinic.
Research on Theory and a Performance Analysis of an Innovative Rehabilitation Robot
Authors: Wu Junyu , Liu Yubin , Zhao Jie , Zang Xizhe , Guan Yingzi
Published: May 2022

This paper presents an innovative application of a 6-DOF robot in the field of rehabilitation training. This robot operates in a parallel fashion for lower limb movement, which adopts a new structure that can help patients to carry out a variety of rehabilitation exercises. Traditional parallel robots, such as the Stewart robot, have the characteristics of strong bearing capacity. However, it is difficult to achieve high-speed, high-acceleration and long journey movement. This paper presents a new robot configuration that can address these problems. This paper also conducts an all-around characteristic analysis of this new parallel robot, including kinematics, dynamics and structure, to better study the robot and improve its performance. This paper optimizes an algorithm to make it more suitable for rehabilitation training. Finally, the performance improvements brought by optimization are verified by simulations.
Diagnoses after newly recorded abdominal pain in primary care: observational cohort study
Authors: Price Sarah J , Gibson Niamh , Hamilton William T , Bostock Jennifer , Shephard Elizabeth A
Published: May 2022

Background

Non-acute abdominal pain in primary care is diagnostically challenging.

Aim

To quantify the 1-year cumulative incidence of 35 non-malignant diagnoses and nine cancers in adults after newly recorded abdominal pain in primary care.

Design and setting

Observational cohort study of 125 793 Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD records.

Method

Participants, aged ≥40 years, had newly recorded abdominal pain between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2013. Age- and sex-stratified 1-year cumulative incidence by diagnosis is reported.

Results

Most (>70%) participants had no pre-specified diagnoses after newly recorded abdominal pain. Non-malignant diagnoses were most common: upper gastrointestinal problems (gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, hiatus hernia, gastritis, oesophagitis, and gastric/duodenal ulcer) in males and urinary tract infection in females. The incidence of upper gastrointestinal problems plateaued at age ≥60 years (aged 40–59 years: males 4.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.6 to 5.1, females 4.0%, 95% CI = 3.8 to 4.2; aged 60–69 years: males 5.8%, 95% CI = 5.4 to 6.2, females 5.4%, 95% CI = 5.1 to 5.8). Urinary tract infection incidence increased with age (aged 40–59 years: females 5.1%, 95% CI = 4.8 to 5.3, males 1.1%, 95% CI = 1.0 to 1.2; aged ≥70 years: females 8.0%, 95% CI = 7.6 to 8.4, males 3.3%, 95% CI = 3.0 to 3.6%). Diverticular disease incidence rose with age, plateauing at 4.2% (95% CI = 3.9 to 4.6) in males aged ≥60 years, increasing to 6.1% (95% CI = 5.8 to 6.4) in females aged ≥70 years. Irritable bowel syndrome incidence was higher in females (aged 40–59 years: 2.9%, 95% CI = 2.7 to 3.1) than males (aged 40–59 years: 2.1%, 95% CI = 1.9 to 2.3), decreasing with age to 1.3% (95% CI = 1.2 to 1.5) in females and 0.6% (95% CI = 0.5 to 0.8) in males aged ≥70 years.

Conclusion

Although abdominal pain commonly remains unexplained, non-malignant diagnosis are more likely than cancer.
Effect of Intensive versus Standard BP Control on AKI and Subsequent Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality: Findings from the SPRINT EHR Study
Authors: Drawz Paul E. , Rai Nayanjot Kaur , Lenoir Kristin Macfarlane , Suarez Maritza , Powell James R. , Raj Dominic S. , Beddhu Srinivasan , Agarwal Anil K. , Soman Sandeep , Whelton Paul K. , Lash James , Rahbari-Oskoui Frederic F. , Dobre Mirela , Parkulo Mark A. , Rocco Michael V. , McWilliams Andrew , Dwyer Jamie P. , Thomas George , Rahman Mahboob , Oparil Suzanne , Horwitz Edward , Pajewski Nicholas M. , Ishani Areef
Published: May 2022

Key Points

Identifying ways to prevent AKI may reduce mortality further in the setting of intensive BP control.

Creatinine-based ascertainment of AKI, enabled by electronic health record data, may be more sensitive and less biased than traditional serious adverse event adjudication.

Background

Adjudication of inpatient AKI in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) was based on billing codes and admission and discharge notes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intensive versus standard BP control on creatinine-based inpatient and outpatient AKI, and whether AKI was associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality.

Methods

We linked electronic health record (EHR) data from 47 clinic sites with trial data to enable creatinine-based adjudication of AKI. Cox regression was used to evaluate the effect of intensive BP control on the incidence of AKI, and the relationship between incident AKI and CVD and all-cause mortality.

Results

A total of 3644 participants had linked EHR data. A greater number of inpatient AKI events were identified using EHR data (187 on intensive versus 155 on standard treatment) as compared with serious adverse event (SAE) adjudication in the trial (95 on intensive versus 61 on standard treatment). Intensive treatment increased risk for SPRINT-adjudicated inpatient AKI (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.08) and for creatinine-based outpatient AKI (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.70), but not for creatinine-based inpatient AKI (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.48). Irrespective of the definition (SAE or creatinine based), AKI was associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality, but only creatinine-based inpatient AKI was associated with increased risk for CVD.

Conclusions

Creatinine-based ascertainment of AKI, enabled by EHR data, may be more sensitive and less biased than traditional SAE adjudication. Identifying ways to prevent AKI may reduce mortality further in the setting of intensive BP control.
Effect of Online Review on Product Sales: Study on Shopee Mall Fashion Brand
Authors: Majid Nurkholish , Mandasari Virginia
Published: May 2022

The development of the internet massively affects business sector, including e-commerce. The advancement of e-commerce has given rise to a marketplace where sellers and buyers meet online, one of which is Shopee. This study aims to analyze the effect of online reviews with rating attributes, comments and photos on product sales at Shopee Mall. The sample consists of 200 brands/stores registered at Shopee Mall. Secondary data obtained from ratings, comments, photos and sales of each brand/store at Shopee Mall was analyze using multiple regression. The results showed that online reviews and their attributes, namely ratings, comments and photos, had an influence and were able to increase sales of fashion products at Shopee Mall.
ATTENTION AS A CRITERIAL PROPERTY OF PROFESSIONAL FITNESS OF PERSONS WORKING IN HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS
Authors: Grihoryan Olena , Korobchanskyі Vоlоdymyr
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to improve methodological approaches to determination of attention as a criterion of professional fitness of persons working in hazardous conditions. To determine attention, we evaluated productivity index of information retrieval by “Numeric Square” method. When analyzing the data obtained during the study of attention (including its switching) on ​​the productivity of information retrieval in persons who perform different types of hazardous work and the difference between the type of work performed. The vast majority of surveyed persons working in hazardous conditions were found to meet professional requirements (70%) by psychophysiological function “attention” (including its switching). The group of “conditionally fit” included (25%) subjects and “unfit” – 5%.
SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AS A TECHNOLOGY OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Yevchenko Veronica , Khloponina-Gnatenko Olga
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The article examines the features of social management as a technology of effective management. The art of social management comes to the fore and attracts the growing number of employers and employees of organizations and institutions. The principles of social management are outlined, which include: the principle of single-headedness in making managerial decisions and collegiality in their discussion; unity of influence of all management methods; the combination of branch and territorial management; priority of social directions in achieving strategic goals; scientific social management; forecasting the social development of the territory, organization; motivation; responsibility for the results of social management; cost-effectiveness and efficiency of management. The directions of social policy for use at the enterprise level by specialists and heads of the department for work with personnel are offered.
The purpose of the article is to investigate on the specifics of the work of units for the provision of social services, outline the prospects for their development both at the enterprise level and at the state level.
Method (methodology). Includes general scientific methods – elements of the theory of logic; methods of theoretical generalization and abstract; methods of comparison and grouping; classification method.
Results. As a result of the study, elements of scientific novelty were obtained, which are as follows: outlined the principles of social management, including the principle of unity in management decisions and collegiality in their discussion; unity of influence of all management methods; a combination of branch and territorial management; priority of social directions in achieving strategic goals; scientific social management; forecasting the social development of the territory, organization; motivation; responsibility for the results of social management; cost-effectiveness and efficiency of management; the directions of social policy for use at the enterprise level by experts and heads of department on work with the personnel are offered.
Thus, the practical significance of the study is to develop recommendations to ensure more efficient operation of the enterprise by intensifying social work both at the enterprise and at the state level.
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF LOGISTICS SYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kozlova Inna
Published: May 2022

Introduction. In modern conditions, characterized by further reorientation of foreign trade relations in the direction of integration of the national economy into the European environment, the issue of assessing the effectiveness of logistics management at the enterprise level and at the level of Ukraine as a whole is becoming increasingly important. The integration of the world economy, the development of transport networks and the world market of logistics services, the deepening of the international division of labor – all this indicates the need to study the state of development of the logistics system. In the current conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic, in the field of trade, only those who have been able to adapt to the remote form of work, in which the logistics system is decisive, have a chance to survive.
Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the state of logistics in Ukraine as a system and determine its properties for management both at the macro level – the company and at the macro level – in Ukraine as a whole, as well as analysis of the dynamics of the logistics system of Ukraine according to LPI.
Method (methodology). Both theoretical and practical research methods were used to analyze this topic. In particular, at the first stage the analysis and synthesis of views of scientists on the logistics system and its properties were used. At the second stage – statistical methods of analysis and forecasting, extrapolation, which makes it possible to determine the prospects for the development of Ukraine's logistics system in the future. Next – is the formation of personal conclusions and recommendations based on the analysis.
Results. The key results of the study are to determine the main characteristics of the management of the properties of the logistics system. The state of logistics system management in Ukraine has been studied, there is a tendency to decrease the share of railway transport, increase the share of road transport. The LPI Logistics Efficiency Index, used by World Bank specialists, is analyzed and its significance for future periods is predicted. Prospects for the development of the logistics system in Ukraine have been identified.
MARKETING RESEARCH OF VEGETABLE MARKETS IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD
Authors: Humeniuk Alla , Garmatyuk Olena
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The article examines the situation in the vegetable market in domestic and foreign markets in order to analyze the supply of different types of vegetables market and the factors influencing them in the Ukraine.
One of the priority tasks in modern political and economic conditions is to improve the food supply of the population with food of own production, in particular vegetable products. There is a growing demand for vegetable products all over the world and in Ukraine. The vegetable industry is developing dynamically, but does not fully meet the needs of the population in providing quality vegetable products.
In order to make certain management decisions, businesses must have information about the market situation of vegetables in which they operate. Due to the lack of coherence with all parts of the marketing subcomplex, vegetable products are not competitive in both domestic and foreign markets.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the situation on the vegetable market in Ukraine and the world, the factors influencing them and study best practices for implementation in the national market.
Results. As a result of the study, two main groups of criteria for assessing market conditions are considered: economic and social. The world experience is analyzed, which proves that about 80% of agricultural products are sold in agricultural cooperatives. It is generalized that Ukraine is among the top seven world leaders in the gross production of melons and vegetables, but in terms of yield among the 20 most advanced countries in the world, Ukraine ranks only 15th. Thus, the practical significance of the study lies in the need to develop a perfect market for vegetable products in Ukraine, which involves the use of experience of developed countries with established civilized market relations, in particular on a cooperative basis.
"COMPARATIVE ISOCONVERSIONAL THERMAL ANALYSIS AND DEGRADATION KINETICS OF SALVIA SPINOSA (KANOCHA) SEED HYDROGEL AND ITS ACETATES: A POTENTIAL MATRIX FOR SUSTAINED DRUG RELEASE"
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan, ALI ARSHAD , AJAZ HUSSAIN MUHAMMAD ,   Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan, ABBAS AZHAR ,   Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan, AMAN KHAN TASKIN ,   Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan, MUHAMMAD GULZAR ,   Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan, TAHIR HASEEB MUHAMMAD ,   College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan, AZHAR IRFAN ,   Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, China
Published: May 2022

The present study deals with the isolation and modification of Salvia spinosa hydrogel (SSH) to investigate its thermal degradation profile. The SSH was modified chemically to its acetylated derivative (ASSH-1–4) with DS 1.05-2.79. After characterization by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and solid-state CP/MAS 13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques, both SSH and ASSH-4 were subjected to thermogravimetric analyses (TG) by the isoconversional method, i.e., the Flynn-Waal-Ozawa (FWO) and the Kissinger methods. TG curves showed that both SSH and ASSH-4 exhibited two-step degradation. The energy of activation (Ea) for each degradation step was calculated by fitting thermal degradation data to the FWO method, revealing greater stability of ASSH-4 than that of SSH. Analysis by Kissinger’s method revealed the second and one and a half order of thermal degradation (n) for SSH and ASSH-4, which also evidenced that ASSH-4 is more stable than SSH. The values of the thermodynamic triplet (ΔH, ΔG and ΔS) were calculated from thermal data. Positive values were found for ΔG, which showed the non-spontaneous nature of thermal degradation of SSH and ASSH-4. The values of integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT) and intrinsic thermal stability (ITS) for SSH and ASSH-4 were found comparatively greater than those of many other commercially available materials of the same kind, which revealed the higher stability of both materials. SSH, as a benign polysaccharide-based material, was also assessed for its utility in drug release studies, taking caffeine as a model drug. The SSH matrix-based tablet formulation (SSHC) showed a sustained release behavior of the drug in preliminary studies.
"VALORIZATION OF RICE STRAW VIA PRODUCTION OF MODIFIED XYLANS AND XYLOOLIGOSACCHARIDES FOR THEIR POTENTIAL APPLICATION IN FOOD INDUSTRY "
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India, KAUR PUNEET , KAUR RAMANDEEP ,   Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India
Published: May 2022

The present study attempted to valorise rice straw, one of the most abundant, renewable and economic agricultural wastes, via production of modified xylans and xylooligosaccharides (XOS), which were evaluated for their total antioxidant capacity. The percent contents of extractives, cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin and ash (silica) in rice straw were found to be 20, 41, 24, 9 and 6, respectively. Hemicellulosic xylan was extracted from straw by reaction with 11% (w/v) sodium hydroxide for about 3 h at 80 °C, so that a yield of about 19.4% was obtained, followed by spectral and thermal analyses. Xylan was then subjected to chemical modifications using acetic anhydride, benzyl chloride and sodium monochloroacetate, and the modifications of functional groups were confirmed by FT-IR and NMR spectral techniques. Controlled acid hydrolysis of xylan was carried out using dilute sulphuric acid (0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0M) at 121 °C, 15 psi for 10 min to produce XOS-rich hydrolysate. Xylan, modified xylans and XOS exhibited significant concentration dependent AAE values, XOS exhibiting the highest AAE value, followed by xylan, benzylated xylan, carboxymethylated xylan and acetylated xylan. Therefore, rice straw based modified xylans and XOS with potential antioxidant properties may serve as potential candidates for use in food industries as packaging films and functional food ingredients.
"CELLULASE PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION BY BACILLUS AERIUS THROUGH RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY IN SUBMERGED FERMENTATION "
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, GHAZANFAR MISBAH , IRFAN MUHAMMAD ,   Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, SHAKIR HAFIZ ABDULLAH ,   Institute of Zoology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, KHAN MUHAMMAD ,   Institute of Zoology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, NADEEM MUHAMMAD ,   "Food and Biotechnology Research Center, PCSIR Laboratories Complex,  Ferozpur Road, Lahore Pakistan ", IRFAN AHMAD ,   "Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences,  King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia "
Published: May 2022

The objective of the present study was to get better production of FPase from Bacillus aerius (MG597041) by optimizing different process parameters under submerged fermentation through the statistical approach. Optimization of physical factors of culturing medium by one factor at a time (OFAT) revealed optimum incubation time of 24 h, inoculum size of 1%, pH 5.5, and substrate concentration of 4%. Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was performed to identify the significant nutritional influence of cellulase production. Among the nine parameters screened, peptone, yeast extract, FeSO4 and K2HPO4 were found significant. CCD of significant parameters revealed maximum FPase activity (127.4 IU/mL/min) at the optimum concentration of yeast extract of 0.5 g/L, peptone of 0.5 g/L, FeSO4 of 0.2 g/L, and K2HPO4 of 0.02 g/L. ANOVA was used to analyze these results. The analysis of the results showed an F-value of 8.74 and a p-value 0.00. Maximum hydrolysis of 10% of raw Bombax ceiba seed pods using this indigenous cellulase was obtained after 24 h. Also, the study explored the potential of the obtained cellulase to be applied in denim biostoning finishing. The findings demonstrated the efficient use of the obtained enzyme in saccharification of raw Bombax ceiba seed pods, which can be of interest for production of biofuel, and in biostoning treatment of denim fabrics.
CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL PRINT STABILITY OF SUBSTRATES CONTAINING ALTERNATIVE NON-WOOD FIBRES
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia, RADIĆ SELEŠ VALENTINA , BATES IRENA ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia, PLAZONIĆ IVANA ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia, RUDOLF MAJA ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia, ZJAKIĆ IGOR ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: May 2022

The aim of this research has been to demonstrate the use and applicability of substrates containing non-wood fibres in the printing industry, with an emphasis on flexographic printing for packaging. To obtain such substrates, laboratory papers were produced with the addition of 30% non-wood fibres (wheat, barley and triticale), in combination with recycled wood pulp. These substrates were tested for chemical and mechanical resistance after flexographic printing with conventional and ultraviolet curing inks. The results showed that all laboratory papers with the addition of 30% non-wood fibres, printed with water-based inks, had fairly good chemical and mechanical resistance, except for the prints treated with sodium hydroxide. Thus, such papers should not be used as packaging materials for alkaline products. UV-curable inks on these substrates showed low chemical resistance, thus should only be used on substrates intended for secondary packaging. The mechanical resistance of UV prints was very good, thus papers containing straw pulp could be used for various applications.
EVALUATION OF STARCH AND CELLULOSE BASED CONSOLIDATION MATERIALS ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PAPYRUS
Authors:   Ministry of Antiquities, Cairo, Egypt, AHMED RASHA H. , WAHBA WAFIKA N. ,   Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, ABOUZEID RAGAB E. ,   "Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth Str.,  12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt ", KORANY ALI A. ,   "Applied Organic Chemistry Department, Center of Excellence for Advanced Science,  National Research Centre, 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt "
Published: May 2022

In this study, polysaccharides, namely, potato starch, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), were used as consolidation materials for papyrus. The starch solution was applied on papyrus strips by two different methods: by brush and by an ultrasonic humidifier, the latter being a new approach for the application of consolidation materials. The consolidated papyrus was subjected to a thermal ageing study and several measurements were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the selected consolidation materials and of the two different application methods of starch. The mechanical properties of the consolidated papyrus strips were evaluated by measuring the tensile strength and elongation. FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the papyrus strips were performed before and after thermal ageing. The study showed that CNC and ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose improved the mechanical properties of the tested strips. Applying potato starch using the ultrasonic humidifier improved the mechanical properties of the consolidated strips more significantly than its application by brush.
"A NOVEL RICE STRAW–BUTYL ACRYLATE GRAFT COPOLYMER: SYNTHESIS AND ADSORPTION STUDY FOR OIL SPILL CLEANUP FROM SEAWATER "
Authors:   ", NGUYEN THANH TUNG ,   Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST),  18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam ", NGUYEN TRUNG DUC ,   "Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST),  18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam ", PHAM THI THU HA ,   "Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST),  18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam ", LE DUC GIANG ,   Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh, Nghean, Vietnam, VAN AN HOANG THI ,   Viet Tri University of Industry, 9 Tien Son, Viet Tri City, Phutho, Vietnam, NINH THE SON ,   "Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST),  18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam "
Published: May 2022

For the first time, a potential material for oil spill cleanup has been successfully synthesized by the graft polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA) onto rice straw (RS) using 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator and divinyl benzene (DVB) as cross-linking agent. The copolymer synthesis was controlled by the concentration of monomer BA and AIBN, reaction time, and temperature. It was found that the optimal conditions for the highest graft yield of 41.50% were as follows: [AIBN] = 0.04 mol/L, [BA] = 1.50 mol/L, 180 min at 75 °C. The graft copolymer RS-g-BA was structurally analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In the presence of DVB (1.5%), the maximal adsorption capacity of the copolymer was 20.56 g/g. The reusability of the RS-g-BA copolymer was assessed during seven sorption/desorption cycles with 70% recovery. The experimental data were clearly more suitably fitted by the Langmuir monolayer adsorption model rather than by the Freundlich isotherm model. The kinetic study indicated that oil adsorption by RS-g-BA is likely to be a chemisorption process.
Patient Science: Citizen Science Involving Chronically Ill People as Co-Researchers
Authors: Heyen Nils B. , Gardecki Johanna , Eidt-Koch Daniela , Schlangen Miriam , Pauly Sophie , Eickmeier Olaf , Wagner Thomas , Bratan Tanja
Published: May 2022

Citizen science projects in health-related research usually follow a crowdsourcing approach where laypersons primarily have a supplying role in data collection. By contrast, this article presents an approach on a much higher engagement level (co-creation) where a team of professional and citizen scientists jointly plans, implements, and evaluates a scientific study on a chronic disease from which the citizen (patient) scientists themselves suffer. We call this approach patient science; it systematically makes use of the patients’ expertise of living with the disease. This article describes the pilot project and conceptual differences compared to other participatory approaches in medical and health research. It elaborates on the implications of involving chronically ill people as co-researchers and, finally, reflects on the benefits and challenges of patient science.
Compact and high-performance lowpass filter based on surface plasmonic polaritons waveguide
Authors: Wang Zhaohong , Luo Yikun , Chu Yangyang , Han Chao
Published: May 2022

A terahertz spoof surface plasmonic polaritons waveguide with metallic rectangular spiral is proposed in the paper. By analyzing dispersion relation and electric field distribution, it is found that the proposed waveguide has a lower asymptotic frequency, a tighter localized field with 11.7 times enhancement, and a more compact size compared with the T-grooves waveguide. Based on a rectangular spiral waveguide structure, a compact and very sharp roll-off lowpass filter is investigated and experimentally verified by scaling down frequency to the microwave region. The fabricated lowpass filter has a high roll-off rate of 566 dB GHz−1, ultrahigh figure-of-merit of 43039, and compact size. Therefore, it may be applicable for various compact integrated devices and circuits in THz and microwave frequency ranges.
Machine Learning Approach for Big-Mart Sales Prediction Framework
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune (Maharashtra), India., Nana Dr. Gunjal Sanjay , Kshirsagar Dr. D.B ,   HOD and Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune (Maharashtra), India., Dange Dr. B.J ,   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune (Maharashtra), India., Khodke Dr. H.E ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Engineering Dept, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune (Maharashtra), India., Kulkarni Dr. C.S ,   HOD and Associate Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, VPKBIET, Baramati, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
Published: May 2022

The amounts of data predicted to increase at an exponential rate in the future. The modifications are essential to meet transaction speeds as well as the anticipated growth in data and customer behaviors. The information derived from prior data is extensively relied upon by the majority of companies. One of the primary goals of the suggested system is to identify a reliable sales trend prediction mechanism that is executed using machine learning techniques in order to maximize income. Sales forecasting advises managers about how to manage a company's employees, working capital and assets. It's a requirement for strategic planning and decision-making in the corporate world. Reasonable forecasts enable the company to increase market growth while increasing revenue generating. Operations, marketing, sales, production, and finance all use sales predictions as inputs in their decision-making processes. The concept of sales data and sales forecast has been examined in the suggested system. Machine learning algorithms such as GLL (Generalized Linear Model), GBT (Gradient Boosted Trees), and Decision Trees were used to develop the model, and the optimum model for prediction was established based on the results analysis. A best-fit prediction model for anticipating sales trends is offered based on a performance review. The effectiveness and accuracy of the prediction and forecasting approaches used are discussed in the findings. The Gradient Boost Algorithm has been demonstrated to be the best fit model for forecasting and predicting future sales. The sales projection is done using Gradient Boosted Trees, which predicts which product will be sold in what quantity in the future.
Implementasi Penggunaan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Kelas IV SD Negeri 275/Vi Bungo Tanjung III
Authors: Syafa’atin Shinta Isnaini , Ratnasari Titik , Syahrial Syahrial , Noviyanti Silvina
Published: May 2022

One of the learning tools that can be used is the Student Worksheet or often referred to as LKPD. In addition, LKPD also plays a role in helping teachers in directing students to find concepts through their own activities. With the LKPD, students are expected to be able to carry out learning activities and express their creative ideas both individually and in groups, able to think critically and establish good cooperation with group members. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of case study with the subject being the fourth grade teacher at SDN 275/VI Bungo Tanjung III. In collecting data, researchers used the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. To test the validity of the data used triangulation method. Based on the data from research results in class IV, it is known that there are several applications in the use of LKPD in the learning process such as making it easier for students to interact with the material provided, presenting tasks that increase students' understanding of the material provided, training students' learning independence, and make it easier for teachers to give assignments to students. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the implementation of the use of student worksheets for class IV SD Negeri 275/VI Bungo Tanjung III is in accordance with teaching materials and can be seen on the student activity sheets including: Title LKPD, Introduction, Activity Objectives, Tools and materials, Activity Steps, Tables/observations, Questions, Conclusions.
Pengunaan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Untuk Meningkatkan Sikap Tanggung Jawab Siswa di Sekolah Dasar 64/I Muara Bulian
Authors: Apriliyani Widiya , Tyastuti Dwi , Rahmasari Laila , Syahrial Syahrial , Noviyanti Silvina
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to determine the increase in students' responsible attitudes through the jigsaw type cooperative learning model in the fifth grade of SD Negeri 64/I Muara Bulian. This research is a classroom action research (CAR) which consists of two cycles, where the data taken is in the form of observation data through observation sheets of student responsibility attitudes and teacher observations using the jigsaw type cooperative learning model. This research was conducted in 4 stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The results of this study showed an increase in the attitude of student responsibility as seen from the results of observations in the first cycle of student responsibility attitude of 39.28%. It increased in the second cycle to 74.77% with category B (good). Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that the attitude of students' responsibility in social studies learning for fifth grade students of SD Negeri 64/I Muara Bulian can increase after the jigsaw type cooperative learning model is applied.
Penggunaan Media Puzzle dalam Memotivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas III SD Negeri 126 /II Tanjung Agung
Authors: Febianti Diah , Azilla Marsya Deva , Syahrial Syahrial , Noviyanti Silvina
Published: May 2022

The use of puzzle media can increase students' learning motivation. With this puzzle media, students are more enthusiastic to learn in class. This research was conducted in the third grade of SD Negeri126 /II Tanjung Agung This study aims (1) to describe how the use of puzzle media in motivating student learning, (2) to describe the obstacles faced by teachers in using puzzle media to motivate student learning in Theme 6 subtheme 2 Learning 2nd grade III SD Negeri 126 /II Tanjung Agung. The research subjects were all thirdgrade students of SD Negeri 126 /II Tanjung Agung, totaling 32 students, 13 male students and 19 female students. The data obtained were then processed using qualitative methods with descriptive research types. So that the results can be seen from the learning motivation of each student. Data collection in this study was carried out using observation and interviews, then the data was narrated. From a series of research processes carried out and the results of observations indicate that the teacher provides direction or encouragement to students during the teaching and learning process. The teacher also gives praise and gifts to students who are active in the class. Based on the results of the interviews, it was found that the teacher did not experience problems during the puzzle preparation process carried out by students, because students were very excited when preparing puzzles and the class atmosphere became active so that students were very motivated by the teacher using this puzzle media when the teaching and learning process took place in the classroom. There are some  students who have not been motivated by using puzzle media in the teaching and learning process in this lesson, so that the teaching and learning process runs smoothly because students who are not motivated do not disturb their friends who are studying.
A Study of Evaluation Mechanism of Project-Based Learning Model in College English Teaching
Authors: An Guoping
Published: May 2022

In recent years, Project-Based Learning（PBL）model has been attached more importance to College English teaching in China, many researches focus on the application of PBL, but few touch on evaluation mechanism. This paper aims to analyze four core elements of evaluation mechanism: notion, subject, content, and method. Further discussions about the evaluation mechanism are based on teaching practice and a questionnaire. It is proved that scientific and effective evaluation mechanism can guide and motivate students’ project-based learning and ensure the quality of college English teaching.
Loss and Renewal Elena Ferrante’s Representation of Mourning in Days of Abandonment
Authors: Ting YANG
Published: May 2022

Days of Abandonment, Ferrante’s most frequently read novel in English world before My Brilliant Friend, witnesses the establishment of Ferrante’s unique voice. It relates the psychological and physical turmoil of its female protagonist Olga who has been abandoned by her husband. By drawing on Freud’s theory of mourning and loss, as well as Judith Butler’s theorization of ungrievable loss, this paper seeks to lay bare the process of the reconstruction of female subjectivity in Days of Abandonment. It is argued that, by conducting a proper mourning process for the loss of her boundedness with the patriarchal order as represented by her husband Mario, Olga has managed to step out of the patriarchal order and reestablish her connection not only with other human subjects, but also with nonhuman actors as well. And in this posthuman intra-action with materiality of the world, she has rebuilt her identity that initiates her into a more rewarding life.
Fast Food Consumption, Physical Activity, and Overweight Prevalence during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Agestika Lina , Maulani Nyuli
Published: May 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the community's physical activity decreased while fast food is preferable. The imbalance in energy intake could lead to triggering an excess nutritional status. The purpose of the study was to analyze the association between fast-food consumption and physical activity on the nutritional status of students during the Covid-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study with accidental sampling among 84 students at one of the private Universities located in East Jakarta was conducted. The data were nutritional status, fast-food consumption, and physical activity. Statistical analysis was a chi-square test. Almost one-third of students were overweight (29,8%), more than half of them had low physical activity levels (51,2%) and frequently consumed fast-food (57,2%). Both fast food consumption and physical activity were not different between students with a normal nutritional status and overweight during the Pandemic (p-value>0,05). This concluded that the trend of consuming fast food while performing low physical activity occurred not only for those with overweight but those who have normal nutritional status.
ECONOMIC AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE EXPORTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Anorboeva Bakhtijamol Daniyar qizi
Published: May 2022

This article describes the cultivation of fruit and vegetable products and grapes in the country and its regions, an analysis of their export potential, ways to further increase the export of fruit and vegetable products in farms.
KEY WORDS: cultivation of fruit, analysis, export potential, agricultural products
Studi Fenomenologi Tentang Pengalaman Remaja Perempuan Menjalani Masa Kehamilan Di Desa Munjul Jaya Purwakarta
Authors: Pertami Sumirah Budi
Published: May 2022

Studi Fenomenologi Tentang Pengalaman Remaja Perempuan Menjalani Masa Kehamilan Di Desa Munjul Jaya Purwakarta.
Faktor Resiko Yang Berhubungan Dengan Penyakit Stroke Di RSUD Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Akhmad Akhmad , Toruntju Sultan Akbar
Published: May 2022

Faktor Resiko Yang Berhubungan Dengan Penyakit Stroke Di RSUD Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara.
Identifikasi Ibu Hamil Dengan Anemia Menurut Umur Kehamilan Dan Paritas Di Poli KIA/KB Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Konawe Tahun 2008
Authors: Patongai Nurjannah
Published: May 2022

Identifikasi Ibu Hamil Dengan Anemia Menurut Umur Kehamilan Dan Paritas Di Poli KIA/KB Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Konawe Tahun 2008.