bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of innovative flow visualisation methods to investigate the stages of Wet Compression Moulding (WCM) process
Authors: Muthuvel Balaji , Bhattacharyya Debes , Bickerton Simon
Published: September 2020

The WCM is a novel production technique for fibre-reinforced polymer components. This technique is increasingly adopted in industry, typically in the automotive sector for medium to large-scale production. This process reduces the cost per part significantly by reducing the number of tools and processing steps, relative to Resin Transfer Moulding. To date, the processing variables, their relations and effect on the composite quality have been established through the knowledge gained by technologists. The drive of this research is to develop a fundamental understanding of the impact of process parameters (key process timings and cavity thicknesses, mould closing speed, edge clamping frame dimensions) and material properties (fibre reinforcement compaction response, permeability, and wettability together with test fluid viscosity and surface tension) on textile wetting, impregnation, and resulting composite part quality. In this study, a 480g/m2 non-crimp unidirectional glass fibre reinforcement has been chosen and characterised for compaction response, in-plane, and through-thickness permeability. For ease of handling, motor oil (DTE heavy VG100) has been characterised and used as a test fluid. Two experimental flow visualisation setups have been developed at the CACM to investigate the influence of process and material parameters on initial resin application and textile wetting, and the subsequent compression flow stage.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Mechanical Behaviour of In-situ Al7SiMg/TiB2 Composites Prepared by Salt-Metal Reaction
Authors: Oommen Niranjan , Ajayan Sanjay , Sundaraman Chellam , Sasikumar S
Published: September 2020

Aluminium based lightweight-high strength metal matrix composites are widely used in applications such as automotive, military, and aerospace because of their improved physical, thermal and mechanical properties. In this work, the synthesis, structural and mechanical characterisation of Al7SiMg/TiB2 composites prepared by the in-situ route was studied. The composites with different amounts (4 and 9 wt. %) of TiB2 particles were developed as a result of the reaction between the molten alloy and the K2TiF6 and KBF4 salts at 810 °C. These composites were examined by XRD and SEM/EDS. The elemental phases present in the composite and presence of TiB2 were confirmed by XRD results. SEM micrographs showed the formation and distribution of micron-sized TiB2 particles mostly along the grain boundary of the alloy matrix. The structure of TiB2 particles was hexagonal. The effect of TiB2 content on the hardness and wear resistance was investigated by using Vickers hardness tester and Pin-on Disc apparatus at room temperature. Increased hardness indicated increased wt. % of TiB2 particles in the composites. The wear data indicated the amount of TiB2 particles influence wear rate and mass loss values, while wear rate and mass loss of material increase with applied normal load and sliding distance.
The flexural properties of self healing fiber reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Jhanji Kanu Priya , Asokan R , Amit Kumar R , Sarkar Sahil
Published: September 2020

Fiber reinforced polymer composites have a complex damage prediction and repair mechanism. Such complexities made the researchers to implement new techniques like self healing. Amendments in the existing material can modify its properties. So, it is necessary to study the change in property due to inclusion of self healing in fiber reinforced composite materials. This work aims to investigate the self recovery response of composites prepared by reinforcing glass fibers and carbon fibers in epoxy matrix. The healing was achieved by inclusion of dual microcapsules made of epoxy and hardener encased in separate capsules. To investigate the recovery activity of the composite laminate, a 5mm diameter indentation was produced at the centre of specimen and the healing was monitored by measuring the diameter of indentation after 12 hrs and 24 hrs. To notice the influence of micro-inclusions on flexural strength, flexural test was conducted on neat, indented and healed specimens. It was observed that inclusion of microcapsules did not majorly alter flexural strength of glass fiber reinforced and carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. Results also indicated complete healing of both carbon fiber reinforced polymer and glass fiber reinforced polymer composite specimens with healing efficiency of 103.4% and 101.8% respectively.
Wear testing of polypropylene termina chebula fibres
Authors: Ravindran S , Mani N , Kannan M , Santhosh S , Kamal R
Published: September 2020

In this polypropylene termina chebula composites were developed and studied for wear behaviour at two different applied loads and termina chebula concentrations. Wear tests were conducted using taber abraser or taber abrader apparatus. The composite discs were tested against E100-125 steel disc. The wear test is experimentally investigated for speeds of 500 and 1000 rpm. The specific wear rate of polypropylene reduced on addition of termina chebula powder.
Mechanical Properties of Graphene with Defects and Its Application in Nanocomposites–Brief Overview.
Authors: Arun Prasath S , Rajasekaran G
Published: September 2020

Graphene, monolayers of two-dimensional (2D) carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure have distinct properties in the field of materials especially in Nano composites. Graphene is also a potential nanofiller compared to other materials with better mechanical and thermal properties. However, synthesis of nanomaterial in its pristine form is challenging and defects are unavoidable during the synthesis through various techniques. Even though defects such as point and line defects may retard some physical properties, these are also intentionally created in specific applications such as nanocomposites, nanosensors and others. In this article various mechanical properties of nanofillers such as graphene with defects are compared in the application of composites.
Fire and mechanical properties of polymeric composites with keratin-based flame retardants
Authors: Jung D , Lee H , Kim N K , Bhattacharyya D
Published: September 2020

Due to the high flammability of polymeric materials, the development of a flame retardant with high-performance, low-toxicity and cost-effectiveness has been one of the most important issues in the polymer industry. To address these requirements, keratinous fibres have been employed for a novel intumescent flame-retardant fabrication. Phosphate loaded keratinous fibres through the sequential infiltration of phosphoric acid and reactive amines have shown a successful demonstration of the self-extinguishment (V0 grade) and ~80% reduced peak heat release rate in the vertical burn test (UL94) and cone calorimeter test, respectively. Owing to the unique char formation behaviour of the fibres with the combined effects of phosphorus compounds, the composites have achieved the improvement of flame retardancy compared to the commercial ammonium polyphosphate/polypropylene composite. Furthermore, the fibre addition has contributed to enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. For the practical application of the new FR, cost reduction capability depending on the type of reactive amine used for the phosphate production in the fibre, has also been investigated.
Processing and testing of Aluminium composites with flyash and SiC as hybrid reinforcements
Authors: Thulasikanth Vaddi , Das Prasannjeet , Naidu Atchan , Basha Ikrar
Published: September 2020

The current project work lays emphasis on the manufacturing and mechanical testing of an aluminium, Silicon Carbide, fly ash hybrid composite. The metal matrix selected ware aluminium and fly ash, Silicon Carbide constituents in different percentage composition were reinforced in it to manufacture the required hybrid metal matrix composite (MMC).Stir casting method was used to manufacture the MMC with (0, 2.5) (2.5, 0) (2.5, 2.5) % weight of fly ash and Silicon Carbide constituents in aluminium. Tribological analysis of the tribopairs formed between the smooth surfaces of cast iron disc and smooth MMC pin has been taken into consideration, friction force and wear of the MMC were evaluated by using a Pin-on-disc setup. Furthermore the morphological study and mechanical properties were evaluated as per ASTM standards. It was observed that the MMC with (2.5, 2.5)% weight of fly ash and SiC content in aluminium matrix results in higher hardness value and it is also noticed that the hybrid MMC shows very superior wear resistant properties and can be used in applications of disc brakes of two wheeler automobiles.
Locating the Economic and other Performance Centres of Asia using Geodetic Coordinates, Haversine Formula and Weiszfeld’s Algorithm
Authors: Baskar A
Published: September 2020

Due to the increasing economic activities in Asia, the Global Economic Centre is moving towards China from the Atlantic Ocean. According to the “Global Growth Generators, Citi Investment Research and Analysis, 2011” report, in the year 2050, India will become the world’s largest economy (GDP: 85.97 trillion USD) closely followed by China (GDP: 80.02 trillion USD). US may slip to the third position with a GDP of 39.07 trillion USD followed by Indonesia (13.93 trillion USD). Japan may be at a distant ninth position with 6.48 trillion USD. The objective of this paper is to locate the performance centres of Asia that include the “Economic Centre” and “Population Centre” for the years 2005, 2010 and 2018. These centres will provide some idea about the concentration of the population and economic activities at a particular point of time. Identifying such Centres can help in supply chain management to establish the optimal ‘Facilities’ to manufacture, distribute or collect. The estimated three Economic Centres confirm the movement of Economic Centre towards China, especially Beijing. Haversine formula is used in combination with the Weiszfeld’s algorithm to locate the centres from the geodetic coordinates.
A Bayesian Model for Prediction of Stroke with Voice Onset Time
Authors: Min Seung Nam , Park Se Jin , Im Jung Nam , Subramaniyam Murali
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in voice onset time (VOT) of stroke patients (elderly) and healthy elderly, and to compare them. Also, to propose a prediction model by considering speech analysis data. One hundred and fifty-three healthy elderly and fourty six stroke patients participated in this research study. Each group performed a plosive pronunciation of a Korean word 3 times, and voice signals were recorded. The speech analysis calculates probability parameters of speech signals. The parameters were mean, standard deviation, minimum value, and maximum value of the voice onset time. Finally, a Bayesian model was prepared with these parameters as inputs to predict stroke. Both groups’ speech signals were analyzed and confirmed that there were significantly different in their VOT parameters. And with the calculated probability of both stroke and healthy elderly, the Bayesian prediction model was proposed for stroke prediction. This present study shows that the proposed prediction model could assist in classifying whether the person having stroke or not through their voice onset time data.
Experimental Investigation of Low Density Sound Insulated Concrete Fabricated Wall Cladding Tiles
Authors: Pradeep S , Karthikeyan R , Rajmohan N
Published: September 2020

The growing demand for the need of sound insulation in buildings such as hospitals, recreational institutions and religious buildings is rising in recent years. The material used should be of highly sound insulated as well as easy to install. In this study light weight concrete is used as Wall Cladding tiles in the building, as light weight concrete shows satisfactory sound insulation property. The light weight Wall cladding was fabricated by addition of Fiber glass powder and alccofine as a cement replacement and different sizes of Cenosphere such as Cenosphere 300 micron and Cenosphere 425 micron as a fine aggregate replacement. Various parameters of the light weight concrete Wall Cladding tile both physical and mechanical properties were investigated. The test were conducted to determine the compressive strength, and the sound insulation ability of the fabricated Wall Cladding tile. The experimental investigation shows that Wall Cladding fabricated as a light weight concrete has reliable compressive strength of 6.5 N/mm2 and satisfactory sound insulation property.
Emotional Detection and Music Recommendation System based on User Facial Expression
Authors: Metilda Florence S , Uma M
Published: September 2020

It is often confusing for a person to decide which music he/she have to listen from a massive collection of existing options. There have been several suggestion frameworks available for issues like music, dining, and shopping depending upon the mood of user. The main objective of our music recommendation system is to provide suggestions to the users that fit the user’s preferences. The analysis of the facial expression/user emotion may lead to understanding the current emotional or mental state of the user. Music and videos are one region where there is a significant chance to prescribe abundant choices to clients in light of their inclinations and also recorded information. It is well known that humans make use of facial expressions to express more clearly what they want to say and the context in which they meant their words. More than 60 percent of the users believe that at a certain point of time the number of songs present in their songs library is so large that they are unable to figure out the song which they have to play. By developing a recommendation system, it could assist a user to make a decision regarding which music one should listen to helping the user to reduce his/her stress levels. The user would not have to waste any time in searching or to look up for songs and the best track matching the user’s mood is detected, and songs would be shown to the user according to his/her mood. The image of the user is captured with the help of a webcam. The user’s picture is taken and then as per the mood/emotion of the user an appropriate song from the playlist of the user is shown matching the user’s requirement.
Analysis of Gesture Recognition to Evaluate Hand Signals
Authors: Uma M , Prabhu S , Metilda Florence S
Published: September 2020

Human Computer Interaction is an effective tool of intersection between the human intellect and computers leading to improvisation in technology. Gestures help to communicate between two persons very effectively even without saying a word but it is really ideal to note that man’s immense potential and intelligence has motivated him to interact through gestures with his own invention called computer. This paper has been prepared on MATLAB using effectively a simple algorithm and basically deals with the recognition of finger gestures. It is executed by simple steps where initially the image is converted into binary which is followed by cutting the image from the point where the longest finger starts and also an amount from the bottom to get a subtle image and then simply counting the number of white objects (i.e. fingers) and this process is repeatedly done by rotating the image in all the four directions and the result is selected taking into account the outcome of the direction where maximum number of outcomes have occurred provided the background is in a solid colour which can reveal the image of the fingers displayed clearly. The application of this work includes choosing an option from any user interface by merely displaying numbers as per the number of fingers shown. This simple and innovative effort is user friendly and can be effectively used in imparting knowledge especially to differently abled.
A session key authentication system for smart homes
Authors: Jeremy Varghese K , Vinnarasi A
Published: September 2020

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing emerging topic of social, economic and technical significance. The spread of today’s wireless information and communication technologies has changed people’s lifestyle and social interactions - the next frontier is the smart home environments. A smart home consists of low capacity devices (sensors, for example) and wireless networks. These devices are networked together and they need to all work together as a secure system. The proposed scheme aims to offer a secure session key establishment scheme which can then be implemented in smart home networks. Every node (sensor and control unit) uses a small authentication token, along with a random number to establish a session key which is both secure and dynamic. A few popular attacks like denial-of-service and eavesdropping are prevented by the proposed scheme.
Hospital/Home Medical Assistant Robot
Authors: Harikrishnan K S , Stephen Daniel Glad
Published: September 2020

Now a day’s health-care facilities increasingly depend on health-care staffs. By aging populace, there is an upsurge in number of old people present in the labor force and even in health-care division. It is significant to take care of aging workforce present in healthcare sector. So, for this process hospitals are providing an opportunity to mobile robots because of rapid technological progress accomplished of working and cooperating with humans and surroundings. This paper presents a design of Hospital/home medical assistant robot that consist of both combination of network system and robotics system for transmitting, receiving and sending information to care taker or doctor. As the robot gets a distress signal which is obtained from the patient, it tries to contact the care taker or doctor. If the robot is unable to contact, it will try to find out the location of doctor or the care taker and then display the condition of the patient so that the doctor can act as early as possible. Doctor or caretaker can access the robot at any time and get the live video feed of the patient at any time.
Point of care device for diagnosing and treatment of diabetes related peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Srivishnuprasath K , Karthik Varshini , Ashok Kumar D
Published: September 2020

Diabetes is a leading cause of micro vascular complications such as neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease. It is also associated with an accelerating atherosclerosis. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is manifestation of atherosclerosis which can pre date the diagnosis of diabetes. PAD is prevalent in diabetes and has a silent nature of progression. ABI is used as a reproducible and accurate non-invasive method for measurement and detection of PAD and the determination of disease complexity. Toe pressure and Toe brachial index (TBI) is useful in the evaluation of people with medial arterial calcification, where the ABI is considered as less accurate. Hence the aim is to develop a device which can assist humans to predict diabetic vascular disorder and treat them. The proposed system uses the toe brachial index (TBI) for detection of PAD. The normal range of TBI is from 0.5-0.95, below this value the person is diagnosed for PAD and above this value would be considered as unclassified due to calcification of blood vessel. The proposed device is a microcontroller based system that can monitor TBI and accordingly treat the vascular issue by providing compression.
SHAKO—Smart Helmet Arduino Kindled Optimization
Authors: Sengupta Tuhin , Snekhalatha U , Rajalakshmi T
Published: September 2020

The life of a trained pilot is too precious. Many pilots lose their lives in combat or during training while encountering serious medical conditions due to flying stress, combat action or inability to eject timely due to exceeding ‘G’ tolerance limits. This project is a synergy of sensors and software to actuate pilot ejection system when the physical/health condition of a pilot does not permit to actuate it manually. This invention is much simpler and economical to be installed with a purpose to take critical decision to ‘eject’ at crucial juncture of flight based on the health parameters of the pilot when he/she is unable to take the decision. This device can be a safeguard for the pilots by overriding the incapacitated pilot’s decision-making action, and self-actuating the ejection system to save invaluable lives. Soviet Yak-38 had been installed with automatic actuation of pilot seats in case of failure of one of the two engines while take off or roll exceeding 60 degrees. This system had a preset condition and overrides the skill / capability of the pilot to handle the adverse situation. Whereas, this invention primarily focuses on the health parameters of a pilot by monitoring with help of various sensors and initiates the critical decision to eject when the life of a pilot is threatened. It is an improvement over previous such attempts because the self-actuation of ejection is based on the physical health parameters of an incapacitated pilot rather than based on rigid preset threshold of flying parameters. This invention overtakes the crucial decision-making capability of an incapacitated pilot to eject timely at a minimum safe altitude. This is the reason we have made the best used of our resources to calculate the physical parameters and have optimized to a compact level for easy communication and pilot interface.
Posture alert system for prolonged neck flexion while using smart phones
Authors: Zindahi S , Rashmi K S , Karthik Varshini , Kumar Ashok
Published: September 2020

As the world gets digitalized, the use of smart handheld devices, namely mobile phones, has significantly increased along with the problems associated with their usage. One of the issues that are being faced by the user due to prolonged usage of mobile phones in wrong postures is the bending of the cervical spine. The stress injury caused due to constant neck flexion while using a mobile phone creates a modern spine ailment called Texting Neck or Turtle Neck. The paper discusses a technique by which the user can get prompt alerts with the help of a mobile application that continuously monitors the right posture for holding the mobile phone. This technique uses the inbuilt android mobile sensors such as Accelerometer, Geomagnetic Field Sensor. The warning alerts created in vibrations form, which reminds the user to straighten their posture, which eventually prevents stress injury caused at the cervical neck spine.
Strengthening of RC Beams with M-Sand using external bonding of steel plates
Authors: Suman Pulikonda , Sarath Chandra Kumar B , Ramesh K
Published: September 2020

Various techniques are initiated for the strengthening of RCC beams to overcome flexural and shear. RCC beams are important load-bearing components in any building structure, but we should strengthen beams when material deterioration, defective design and accidental disasters occurred. In recent years the external bonding of steel plate technique is used for strengthening reinforced concrete beams, which is an effectual way to ameliorate the strength of the RCC beam. In this research 5mm, thick Mild steel plate is used for external bonding, M30 grade of concrete is used with various proportions of Manufacture and Natural sand. The research paper aims to differentiate the compressive, Split tensile and flexural strength of RCC beams with & without steel plates. From comparative results, it was found that the plate bonded beam observes more strength than no plate bonded beam at 50% replacement of M-sand.
Solving interval linear programming problem using generalized interval lu decomposition method
Authors: Nirmala K , Nirmala T , Ganesan K
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we propose a method for solving interval linear programming problem by using generalized interval LU decomposition method based on Kaucher arithmetic for generalized interval numbers. Numerical example is also been provided.
A new approach for optimality of fully fuzzy assignment problems
Authors: Krishnaveni G , Ganesan K
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we developed an efficient approach for the solution of fully fuzzy assignment problems involving imprecise information without transforming to equivalent precise form. Here, the imprecise information are represented as triangular fuzzy numbers and optimal solution is obtained applying branch and bound method and a new type of arithmetic operations, ranking on triangular fuzzy numbers. The proposed method is validated using a real life numerical example.
Game Theory in Military Decision: An Anecdote
Authors: Karthy T. , Vaishnavi S. , Barath A.
Published: September 2020

The goal of this paper is to explore possibilities of applying game theory in making strategic decisions in military. The plot revolves around the victory of the U.S Army over Japanese Army in regaining the island New Guinea. The decisions leading to victory and failure are solved using Two-person zero sum game.
Analysis of Green Building Certification Attainment through LEED System for SDC Block at KLEF, India
Authors: Prasad Alapati Leela Krishna Siva , Kavuri Naga Chaitanya
Published: September 2020

LEED (leadership in energy & environmental design) Certification of a project brings credibility to its safety & environmental charge. The green building labeling scheme is widely accepted by the public and personal house owners. Contractors and property developers have shown a belief in adding to the success of the project in achieving sustainability goals through an appreciation of the LEED process. The credential system is focused on award points for excellence in areas such as sustainable site development, electricity and climate, water usage, indoor environmental quality, materials and resources, national significance and architecture creativity. Furthermore, the research focused on the idea of green building to reduce the environmental impact of growth. The outcome of this research is the appraisal of the green building model for the University Skills Development Center (SDC) in terms of water, power, air usage, etc. The plans aim to improve the LEED score system for the university building.
Feasibility study and implementation of BIM in small scale projects
Authors: Munagala Devi Priya , Kone Venkatesh
Published: September 2020

Quality, cost and time are the 3 most crucial factors in any construction project. In fact, the success of a construction project is determined by how well these three elements are managed throughout the project. Even though, there are many traditional methods and software’s to provide assistance in this process but more often than not, they are proven to be expensive and error prone. In the last few years, the construction industry has witnessed a spur in the use of more advanced software’s and tools, thanks to the rapid technological advancements, and one of them is the emergence of Building Information Model (BIM). At present BIM is mainly used in managing large scale projects and has become the most important factor for the success of many such projects all over the world. While this paper tries to explore the feasibility and the practical problems arising in the process of adapting BIM even for small scale projects, it also proposes few methods on how to overcome these issues. It also highlights that following these methods will help to reduce the overall project cost by 20-30% and project completion time by a significant 80%.
Optimization and Experimental investigation of High-Performance concrete
Authors: Ganapathy Ramasamy N , Lakshmipathy M , Kannan Rajkumar P R
Published: September 2020

This study presents to determine the optimum values of the design parameters in High-Performance Concrete (HPC). Three design parameters considered for this study, such as Binder/aggregate, Superplasticizers. An orthogonal array was formed with the help of design parameters; optimization was done using the Taguchi method. The mechanical properties were studied in different specimens with different fiber ratios. When the HPC has very high in compressive strength, at the same time, brittleness of the concrete also high. There is a need to improve the ductile of the high-performance concrete. Due to fiber added to the mix, it enhances the strength of the concrete. Fibers are used in concrete to control the concreting, better toughness. Fiber pullout and fiber debonding are two toughening mechanisms provided by the fibers in concrete. Microstructure Study was conducted by using SEM images; it gives the interaction between the materials in concrete. The experimental and microstructure models were compared in this study for M80 concrete.
Isometric Path Partition Number of Butterfly Network and X–Trees
Authors: Prabha R , Kalaiyarasi R
Published: September 2020

A set S of isometric paths that partition the vertex set of a graph G is called an isometric path partition of G. The isometric path partition number of G is the minimum cardinality of such a set S in G. It is denoted by ipp(G). The isometric path partition problem is to find a minimum isometric path partition of a given graph G. The isometric path partition problem has wide applications in the designing of an efficient algorithm in many architectures. The problem of determining the isometric path partition of a given graph G is NP-complete and hence it is interesting to compute the exact value of isometric path partition of different networks. In this paper, we study the isometric path partition problem of butterfly networks, complete binary trees, rooted complete binary trees, X–trees and compute the isometric path partition number of these graphs.
Analysis the effect of chromosome and generation count on genetic algorithm in construction projects: a case study
Authors: Aarthy Reddy R , Balasubramanian M , Selvam Gopinath
Published: September 2020

Resource leveling is utilized to minimize the resource deviation with a uniform distribution of available resources. Herewith the study is to measure the impact attained due to the variation of input parameters such as the number of chromosomes and generations on resource utilization histograms. A good selection of the internal parameters of a genetic algorithm provides rapid and accurate results. We studied the effects of change in a key parameter, namely the number of chromosomes and number of generations, on the optimization speed and reliability. We found that changing one parameter can be compensated for changing another. For this purpose, different combinations of chromosome count and generation count were used to optimize via a genetic algorithm-based model. The network for evaluation of the framed model was structured based on site observation. The change in the input parameters gives greater impact to the resource histogram. To analyse the impact, various combination of input parameters is implied. The quality of the result is measure with an objective function. By using a meta-GA, we found the possible change in attaining optimum results using different chromosome count and generation count.
Study of piled and disconnected piled raft system with raft foundation in cohesionless soil
Authors: Kaavya D , Divya Krishnan K , Ravichandran P T
Published: September 2020

In order to deal with the geotechnical problems and with reference to the structural point of view, there arises a concept of combination of shallow and deep foundation i.e. combination of raft and pile foundation where the piles could be both connected and disconnected from the raft known as piled raft foundation (PRF) and disconnected piled raft foundation (DPRF). In this experimental study, analysis was done on raft, piled raft and disconnected piled raft under vertical loading by varying the compactness of cohesionless soil as loose and medium density and the thickness of cushion. The geotechnical parameters such as the bearing capacity and the settlements in foundation were analyzed. It is observed that the bearing capacity in DPRF and PRF was increased 38% in loose; 74% and 75% in medium compactness sand respectively when compared to raft foundation. Settlements were also reduced to 44% in DPRF in medium compactness of soil for raft size 150x150 mm with pile length of 200mm. The optimum cushion thickness in DPRF was achieved where H/B=0.34. Thus, to meet the stability requirements of high-rise buildings, structures built in weak soils and to resist horizontal loading, the DPRF which is effective and economical can be employed.
Minimizing the cost using an inventive proposal in transportation problems
Authors: Sumathi P , Sathiabama C V
Published: September 2020

In linear programming problem, transportation problem is a particular approach to achieve the cost. An innovative hypothesis is discussed for getting optimal cost in transportation problem in this paper and Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM) and MODI method are compared with the projected method. This work is verified by various transportation problems.
GENDER EGALITARIANISM IN WORK PLACE
Authors: Gilbert Gilssy Mary , Anandh S , Sindhu Nachiar S , Prakash P
Published: September 2020

The fast growing development in almost all sectors has increased the amount of output from labors and workforce. This in turn has also aroused the need in more number of workers, yet by having cultural or structural barriers in gender preferences. Egalitarianism stands for the gender equity at each job provided at its maximum efficiency when assigned to the appropriate individual. This study is regarding the same, in identifying the varied methodology adopted to find the factors affecting. Hence by providing recommendations to overcome the restrictions faced by all gender in their workplace.
Precipitation analysis for the East and South districts of Sikkim, India
Authors: Sathyanathan R , Bhutia S Y , Jyrwa K L , Jewel T R
Published: September 2020

This study emphasizes the rainfall analysis in the state of Sikkim located in the north east region of India, which covers up an area of 7097 km2. The rainfall analysis of the two districts East Sikkim and South Sikkim for a period of 118 years (1901-2018) are computed. Various tests depicting the trends, homogeneity, slope and statistical data reveals the monthly, seasonally and annual rainfall pattern in these districts of Sikkim. For the annual rainfall, the coefficient of variance varies from 13% to 19% whereas the coefficient of variance for seasonal rainfall varies from 14% to 81% which indicates that seasonal variability is more than the annual variability. Southwest monsoon contributes 79% to the annual rainfall followed by pre-monsoon which contributes 14% to the annual rainfall. The trend analysis depicts an insignificant increasing trend annually but a significantly decreasing trend for the south west monsoon with a negative slope justifying the downward trend. The homogeneity test points out the specific year the trend of the rainfall begins which was found to be in the year 1955.
Hydration Effect of Boric Acid on the Strength of High-Performance Concrete (HPC)
Authors: Rajadesingu Suriyaprakash , Arunachalam Kantha Deivi
Published: September 2020

Boron compounds are commonly used as a cementitious composite material for the attenuation of neutron and gamma radiation in HPC-M40. Boron compounds play a major role in the concrete for radiation shielding properties but addition of boric acid (H3BO3) to concrete drastically reduce hardening and strength. Commonly for radiation shielding of high thermal neutron boron based materials used in high purity concrete. In this study, different percentages of boric acid 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5% were added to the high-performance concrete (HPC) and the effects on hydration process and strength were determined. Boron compounds will modify the active sites in the cement material and increase the setting time. The hydration of cement in addition to boric acid in the high-performance concrete has been studied using, X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectrometry (FT-IR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The addition of boric acid concentration into the concrete specimen it is very strength til 60th day of curing. At the end of curing days compressive strength dramatically improved.
New analytical approach for geometrically nonlinear buckling analysis of a inclined rod using the arc length method
Authors: Bich Quyen Vu Thi , Ngoc Tien Dao
Published: September 2020

This paper is concerned with nonlinear buckling problem of inclined rod subjected to concentrated loads and moments at the ends. Rigorous analysis of geometrically nonlinear structures demands creating mathematical models that accurately include loading and support conditions. This work introduces a new analytical approach to construct the governing equations considering large displacement. The mathematical formulation based on geometrical compatibility, equilibrium of forces and moments and constitutive relations considering large displacements. The geometrical compatibility relationship is getting from integrating along the elastic curve of the deformed rod. A system of nonlinear and integral equations with boundary conditions prescribed at both end is constructed. Using the arc length technique the paper developed incremental-iterative algorithm for solving the system of nonlinear equation. Based on the proposed algorithm, the paper established the calculation procedure and the programs for determining the equilibrium path for generally supported inclined rod subjected to concentrated loads and moments at the end.
To the calculation of reinforced concrete flexible elements with combined pre-stress, taking into account the complete diagrams of material deformation
Authors: Likhov Z R , Dadova M Kh , Tokhaev G Kh , Khussein A Sh
Published: September 2020

The formulas for determining losses in pre-compressed high-strength reinforcement are given, as well as the condition for closing the initial technological cracks in bent elements with pre-compressed reinforcement necessary for calculating the reinforced concrete beams with pre-compressed and stretched high-strength reinforcement
Mechatronic complex based on sliding formwork for the construction of monolithic high-rise buildings and tower-type structures made of reinforced concrete
Authors: Travush Vladimir , Erofeev Vladimir , Bulgakov Alexey , Buzalo Natalia
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the use of mechatronic sliding complexes for the construction of high-rise monolithic buildings and tower-type structures made of reinforced concrete. It is shown that high-rise monolithic towers of variable radius, characterized by the increased complexity of technological operations can be erected with high efficiency using automated sliding formwork, which makes it possible to achieve the highest possible pace of construction technology, while ensuring the high quality of work using self-compacting high-strength concrete. A mathematical description of the mechatronic complex as a completely observable multidimensional object with control limitations is given, which allows predicting deviations and deformations of the sliding formwork working platform design during the lifting process, evaluating the internal and external disturbances’ effect on the complex’s operation, and also modeling the interaction of the lifting and regulating mechanisms in violation of their synchronous operation. It is proposed to use the two-level systems to control the formwork lift and synchronize the movements between the actuators groups. The results of modeling the sliding formwork lifting process are presented.
Calculation of the three-layer cylindrical shells taking into account the creep of the middle layer
Authors: Yanukyan E G , Lotoshnikova E O , Chepurnenko A S , Yazyev B M , Litvinov S V
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the problem of determining the stress-strain state of a three-layer cylindrical shell with axisymmetric loading, taking into account the creep of the middle layer. The derivation of the resolving equations is given, as well as the solution of the test problem for the construction with polyurethane foam filler. The problem is reduced to a system of two differential equations, which is solved by the finite difference method in combination with the Euler method.
Modeling a “pile-soil array” system under the seismic load action taking into account shock-absorbing properties of the soil
Authors: Pshenichkina V A , Zhidenko A S , Sukhina K N , Sukhin K A
Published: September 2020

In this article, in a spatial setting, the modeling technique for a reinforced concrete pile immersed in the soil array under the seismic load action has been considered. Modeling of the “pile-soil mass” system elements is performed by the volumetric finite elements. The calculation includes the shock-absorbing properties of the soil mass model (“transparent boundaries”). A comparison of the proposed methodology with the known solutions has been performed. The prospects of further development and practical application of the pile operation proposed model together with the soil under the seismic load action has been given.
Estimation of the output parameters of a numerical model of a cantilever-type piezoelectric generator with attached mass and active termination upon pulsed excitation
Authors: Polyakova T V , Cherpakov A V , Parinov I A , Grigoryan M N
Published: September 2020

A simulation of a piezoelectric generator (PEG) of energy is given. A feature of this generator is the presence of two types of piezo elements: plate-type elements experiencing bending deformations and cylindrical-type elements experiencing compression deformations. The simulation in the finite element complex is presented. The results of the analysis of unsteady oscillations during vibrational pulsed excitation of the PEG base are presented. Variations in the time range of PEG loading are considered. The analysis of output power and operation of individual elements of the generator is given.
Calculation of three-layer rotation shells for an axisymmetric load in conditions of nonlinear creep
Authors: Vysokovskiy D A , Chepurnenko A S , Zotov I M
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the calculation of three-layer shells of rotation with a light filler under the creep conditions. Unlike previous works of the authors, the hypotheses of the theory of shallow shells are not used. General geometric and physical equations are presented, as well as a system of resolving equations for axisymmetrically loaded structures. An example of calculating a spherical dome is given. The features of changes in the stress-strain state of the considered structure during creep are revealed.
Forced beams vibrations from vector disturbances
Authors: Kaziev A M , Dadova M Kh , Kardanov M M , Mashukov I K
Published: September 2020

The forced transverse vibrations of constant cross section beams taking into account damping are studied. Nonperiodic, periodic, and harmonic beam vibrations from vector disturbances are considered.
Features of the buildings’ seismic isolation systems under strong seismic influences with predominant long periods
Authors: Abakarov A D , Zaynulabidova H R , Omarov H M.
Published: September 2020

Real earthquake records differ from each other in a number of spectral parameters, the main one of which is the prevailing oscillations period. It usually varies over a wide range.

This work is devoted to the study of the seismic isolation systems’ sensitivity with a sliding foundation belt, kinematic supports and rubber-metal supports to the prevailing period of strong seismic impact. The studies were conducted on the example of a 5-story building with a rigid structural solution with seismic isolation in the foundation part. Seismic impact is presented as a synthesized accelerogram. The main attention is paid to the maximum movement of the building at the seismic isolating supports’ top level, which in reality is limited based on the supports stability and (or) the utility networks safety in the building. The seismic reaction dynamic calculations’ results of the systems under consideration are presented. It is shown that seismic isolation systems with an increase in the predominant period of seismic impact of 9-point intensity lose their advantage and the maximum displacement of the building with long-period influences becomes unacceptably large).
The efficiency of applying bim technologies in the educational process at professional schools
Authors: Yuryev A V
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the BIM competencies and their components in the preparation of highly qualified personnel in the construction field. It is imperative that educational institutions fully teach the students digital technologies and BIM competencies. The analysis carried out in this article shows that the students and graduates are poorly oriented in the rapid change of the construction industry. The developed course “Computer-Aided Design and Calculation of Building Structures” and methodological recommendations, with step-by-step instructions and the content of connected tools, show a positive trend. As a result, professional schools will be able to prepare the graduates with sufficient knowledge and skills to work with modern BIM tools.
The study on the magnetic separation efficiency of the reverse water technological liquids from scales in industrial production. Part 2. Improving the design efficiency of magnetic separators by determining the cleaning modes’ rational parameters
Authors: Bulyzhev E M , Menshov E N
Published: September 2020

The causes and modes of stable and reliable functioning of magnetic separators based on the developed mathematical theory of magnetic deposition process for ferromagnetic particles on the surface of magnetic rods in an aqueous suspension stream are revealed. The limiting thicknesses of the ferro-sludge layers deposited on the surface of the magnetic system, the threshold flow rates of aqueous technological fluids, the criterion conditions for the ferroparticles deposition and the zone of the working region responsible for the magnetic coagulation process in magnetic separators are determined. The correct method for assessing the stability of the cleaning characteristics of the magnetic separators with a scatter of the ferroparticles’ initial parameters, the permanent magnets and dynamic viscosity of the process fluid has been depicted.
The interaction of the steel shell and the core concrete element in operation
Authors: Peresypkin E N , Peresypkin S E , Tutarishev B Z
Published: September 2020

Pipe concrete as a complex material, which effectively combines the advantages of steel and concrete, is used in the construction of high-rise and long-span structures and has good prospects for expanding the scope. At present, this is prevented by the relatively poor knowledge of the steel shell interaction with the concrete core under operational loads, when, due to the difference in the coefficients of transverse deformation of steel and concrete, the shell can detach from the core and lose its stirrup effect, which significantly increases the concrete strength. In the article in a linear-elastic formulation, the Lame problem is applied to a circular cylinder subjected to internal (for the shell) and external (for the core) uniform radial pressure, as well as an external centrally applied the longitudinal compressive force. The formulas for determining the stresses and radial displacements in the shell wall and core are obtained. The recommendations on providing the conditions for the joint operation of the shell and core, which are relevant, in particular, for the pipe-concrete kinematic racks of foundations protecting the buildings under seismic effects, are given.