bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting 72-Hour Unplanned Return Visits after Emergency Department Index Discharge of a Tertiary Private Hospital in the Philippines
Authors: Jimenez Ma. Lourdes Concepcion D. , Manzanera Rafael L. , Abeleda Ronne D. , Moya Diego A. , Segura Jose V. , Carascal Mark B. , Mira Jose J.
Published: November 2020

Objectives. This study aimed to analyze if the indicator 72-hours Unplanned Return Visits after EmergencyDepartment (ED) index discharge was influenced by the patient’s age, triage severity, month, payment methods,and length of stay. Likewise, it aimed to determine if the 72-hour Unplanned Return Visits was a robust indicator inassessing the quality of Emergency Department services.

Methods. This was a retrospective single-center study from January to December 2017. Data were retrievedfrom a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. All Emergency Department patients discharged on their index visitwere monitored for Unplanned Return Visits within 72 hours in the hospital. A univariate and multivariate logisticregression model was used to assess the variables associated with the 72-hour Unplanned Return Visits.

Results. The 72-hour Unplanned Return Visits rate was measured at 2.67%, with the highest occurrence on thefirst 24 hours, and with predominance on third-party payer (p.<.0001), pediatrics (p.<0001), January (p<.0001),February (p<.0001), November (p<.0001), December (p<0001), and shorter length of stay (p<.0001) dischargedafter ED index visit.

Conclusions. Strong association of Unplanned Return Visits during the first 72 hours after Emergency Departmentindex discharge was found for patients financed through third party-payers, with seasonal variations andinclination to the younger population with shorter length of stay. These findings warrant exploratory studies todetermine the reasons for the 72-hour Unplanned Return Visits after Emergency Department index discharge andinvestigation on the association of premature discharge, socio-economic, health structure, and illness progression.
Recurrence and Complication Rates among Current Pterygium Treatment Techniques: Pre-operative Subpterygeal Mitomycin-C Injection, Intraoperative Mitomycin C Application and Pterygium Excision with Conjunctival Autograft
Authors: Agahan Archimedes L.D. , Merca Theresa Gladiola B. , Tecson III Jose V. , Panganiban Minnette A.
Published: November 2020

Objective. This study aims to determine recurrence and complication rates among patients who underwent threecurrent pterygium treatment techniques: preoperative subpterygeal injection of mitomycin C, intraoperativeapplication of mitomycin with pterygium excision and pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft.

Methods. This is a randomized controlled clinical trial in a tertiary hospital. We included patients with diagnosedprimary pterygium and who underwent either: A = pre-operative injection of 0.02% mitomycin C one month prior topterygium excision; B = pterygium excision with intraoperative mitomycin C application; or C = pterygium excisionwith conjunctival autograft.

Results. We included 111 patients: a total of 120 eyes randomized to 3 groups (A, B, C) at 40 eyes per group.After 24 months of follow-up, there was no significant difference in the recurrence rates among the groups (6/40[15%] in groups A and B and 2/40 cases [5%] in group C; P=0.29). No complications were noted in groups B and C,while 1 case of scleral thinning was noted in group A. There was no significant difference in the complication ratesamong the three procedures (P=1.00).

Conclusion. There were no significant differences in the recurrence and complication rates among the three techniques. Careful patient selection and follow-up are recommended to prevent complications such as scleral thinning.
Prevalence of Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases in 12 Barangays of the AMIGA Municipalities of Cavite
Authors: Paterno Elizabeth R.
Published: November 2020

Objective. This study aims to determine the prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in 16barangays of the AMIGA municipalities of Cavite.

Methods. The research is a cross-sectional study. Randomly chosen participants were interviewed using a translatedversion of the WHO Steps questionnaire. Interviewees were then invited to participate in another session wheretheir anthropometric measurements were taken and their fasting blood sugar and cholesterol levels were determined.

Results. The research was done in 12 out of the 16 targeted barangays. A total of 1,527 participants were interviewedand 1,123 of them completed the study. The most significant findings in all 12 barangays were a very high rate ofpassive smoking (range of 60-80%); a relatively high proportion of respondents with obesity by all 3 parameters(BMI 29-52%; waist circumference 42-78%; and waist-to-hip ratio 41-78%) despite sufficient intake of fruits andvegetables and more than adequate physical activity; and a high proportion of participants with hypertension (morethan 30% in 8 out of 12 barangays) and diabetes mellitus (more than 8% in 7 out of 12 barangays).

Conclusion. A high prevalence of risk factors of NCDs, particularly obesity, hypertension, and diabetes was foundin the 12 barangays of AMIGA that participated in the study. Results of this study should provide the baseline dataagainst which the success of an ongoing program in the area can be measured.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Nutrition Label Use among Selected Filipino Adults
Authors: Sy Denniese C. , Bullecer Ernani R.
Published: November 2020

Objective. This study has been conducted to determine the prevalence of nutrition label use and the factorsassociated with it among adults in selected communities in Los Baños, Laguna.

Methods. This is an analytical cross-sectional study, which conducted face-to-face interview using a developedquestionnaire, among 440 adults in the top four barangays with highest population in Los Baños, Laguna using twostage sampling design. In the first stage, three puroks were randomly selected in each barangay, while householdswere selected using systematic sampling in the second stage. An eligible adult in each selected household wasinvited to participate in the study.

Results. Study findings revealed that nutrition label use among adults in the selected communities was 87.73%.Factors found to be associated with nutrition label use were: 1) intention to use nutrition label (OR: 4.37; 95%CI: 1.77–10.82), 2) enough perceived time-spent on shopping (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.17–4.01), and 3) searching forspecific information (OR: 4.77; 95% CI: 2.55–8.93).

Conclusion. These study findings can be used in promoting and increasing nutrition label use in the country andserve as basis for improvement of nutrition labeling policies. Moreover, this study can serve as a reference in thedevelopment and strategy-planning of interventions and programs especially in promoting healthy diets.
Features of mappings leading to a central field
Authors:   Institute for Applied Mathematics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia, Guzev M.A.
Published: November 2020

For a mechanical system with two degrees of freedom, it is shown that the condition of zeroing the Jacobian map depended on the interaction potential selects a central field that ensures this condition fulfillment. It has been hypothesized that, in the general case, the features of coordinate mappings lead to potentials that admit the existence of an motion integral additional to the energy.
Numerical Evaluation of the Performance for a Different Structural System Against Seismic Movements in Multi-Storey Reinforced Concrete Buildings
Authors: MESUTOĞLU Miraç , TOK Hatip
Published: November 2020

In recent years, the devastating earthquakes that occurred in many parts of the world have made it even more important the design of earthquake-resistant structures and earthquake performance assessment of existing structures. When innovative systems are examined in building design, it is seen that depending on the developments in recent years, performance-based designs come to the fore in addition to force-based design. This paper provides a new design method’s model for multi-storey buildings that can achieve the same resistance against seismic movements by using less concrete and reinforcement using the SAP2000. Modeling studies of the braced frame system used in steel structures for reinforced concrete and multi-storey buildings with different heights was carried out according to 2019 Turkey Building Earthquake Code (TBEC) and Turkish Standard 498 (TS 498). In the modeling studies carried out in reinforced concrete and 20, 30 and 40 storey buildings, the same strength was tried to be obtained with less concrete and reinforcement. As a result of the studies, it has been seen that this new system, which is determined for all models, is an advantageous and performance system in terms of both volume, weight and stabilization compared to reinforced concrete structures with shear wall frame system.
Expediente
Authors: Do Desterro Ilha
Published: November 2020

Expediente
Kinetics of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) reactions with isoprene-derived Criegee intermediates studied with direct UV absorption
Authors: Kuo Mei-Tsan , Weber Isabelle , Fittschen Christa , Vereecken Luc , Lin Jim Jr-Min
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Criegee intermediates (CIs) are formed in the ozonolysis
of unsaturated hydrocarbons and play a role in atmospheric chemistry as a
non-photolytic OH source or a strong oxidant. Using a relative rate method
in an ozonolysis experiment, Newland et al. (2015) reported high reactivity of isoprene-derived Criegee
intermediates towards dimethyl sulfide (DMS) relative to that towards
SO2 with the ratio of the rate coefficients kDMS+CI/kSO2+CI = 3.5 ± 1.8. Here we reinvestigated the kinetics of DMS reactions
with two major Criegee intermediates formed in isoprene ozonolysis,
CH2OO, and methyl vinyl ketone oxide (MVKO). The individual CI was
prepared following the reported photolytic method with suitable (diiodo)
precursors in the presence of O2. The concentration of CH2OO or
MVKO was monitored directly in real time through their intense UV–visible
absorption. Our results indicate the reactions of DMS with CH2OO and
MVKO are both very slow; the upper limits of the rate coefficients are 4
orders of magnitude smaller than the rate coefficient reported by Newland et al. (2015) These
results suggest that the ozonolysis experiment could be complicated such
that interpretation should be careful and these CIs would not oxidize
atmospheric DMS at any substantial level.
A portable, robust, stable, and tunable calibration source for gas-phase nitrous acid (HONO)
Authors: Lao Melodie , Crilley Leigh R. , Salehpoor Leyla , Furlani Teles C. , Bourgeois Ilann , Neuman J. Andrew , Rollins Andrew W. , Veres Patrick R. , Washenfelder Rebecca A. , Womack Caroline C. , Young Cora J. , VandenBoer Trevor C.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Atmospheric HONO mixing ratios in indoor and outdoor environments span a
range of less than a few parts per trillion by volume (pptv) up to tens of
parts per billion by volume (ppbv) in combustion plumes. Previous HONO
calibration sources have utilized proton transfer acid displacement from
nitrite salts or solutions, with output that ranges from tens to thousands
of ppbv. Instrument calibrations have thus required large dilution flows to
obtain atmospherically relevant mixing ratios. Here we present a simple
universal source to reach very low HONO calibration mixing ratios using a
nitrite-coated reaction device with the addition of humid air and/or HCl
from a permeation device. The calibration source developed in this work can
generate HONO across the atmospherically relevant range and has high purity
(> 90 %), reproducibility, and tunability. Mixing ratios at
the tens of pptv level are easily reached with reasonable dilution flows.
The calibration source can be assembled to start producing stable HONO
mixing ratios (relative standard error, RSE ≤ 2 %) within 2 h, with output
concentrations varying ≤ 25 % following simulated transport or
complete disassembly of the instrument and with ≤ 10 % under ideal
conditions. The simplicity of this source makes it highly versatile for
field and lab experiments. The platform facilitates a new level of accuracy
in established instrumentation, as well as intercomparison studies to
identify systematic HONO measurement bias and interferences.
The Improved Comparative Reactivity Method (ICRM): measurements of OH reactivity at high-NOX conditions in ambient air
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Qi Jipeng , Zhou Jun , Yuan Bin , Peng Yuwen , Wang Sihang , Williams Jonathan , Sinha Vinayak , Shao Min
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The comparative reactivity method (CRM) has been developed more than a decade to measure OH reactivity (i.e. OH loss frequency) in both laboratory and field studies. However, accurate OH reactivity quantification remains challenging under real ambient condition, especially for OH reactivity measurements in high-NOX (e.g. > 10 ppbv) environments, as ambient NO enhance regeneration of OH radicals in the CRM reactor. To resolve this problem, we design a new improved CRM reactor (ICRM) and add NO into the system continuously, so that the HO2 radical concentration is suppressed. We confirmed the appropriate level of NO by determining the maximum decrease in the pyrrole level caused by regenerated OH radicals from NO + HO2. VOC-induced RO2 radicals in the ICRM reactor were also found to react with NO, which lead to the re-generation of OH radicals thus the underestimation of OH reactivity. This effect was quantified by the calibration of representative VOC species at different NO levels, and the correction coefficients obtained were used to correct the measured OH reactivity. All these efforts resulted in reducing the uncertainty of the NO-artifact correction by at least an order of magnitude compared to the original CRM system. Additionally, these technological improvements also considerably reduced the systematic errors from pyrrole photolysis that exists in the original system. A new operation mode was proposed for ICRM, which is able to avoid the interference resulting from OH radicals produced by photolysis of residual humidity and save time for ambient measurement. The ICRM system was employed in a field campaign to measure OH reactivity and performed well with ambient NO levels ranged from 0 to 50 ppbv, which were typically observed in urban and suburban atmosphere.
A climate network perspective of the intertropical convergence zone
Authors: Wolf Frederik , Voigt Aiko , Donner Reik V.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is an important component of the tropical rain belt. Climate models continue to struggle to adequately represent the ITCZ and differ substantially in its simulated response to climate change. Here we employ complex network approaches, which extract spatio-temporal variability patterns from climate data, to better understand differences in the dynamics of the ITCZ in state-of-the-art global circulation models (GCMs). For this purpose, we study simulations with 14 GCMs in an idealized slab-ocean aquaplanet setup from TRACMIP – the Tropical Rain belts with an Annual cycle and a Continent Model Intercomparison Project. We construct network representations based on the spatial correlation pattern of monthly surface temperature anomalies and study the zonal mean patterns of different topological and spatial network characteristics. Specifically, we cluster the GCMs by means of their zonal network measure distribution utilizing hierarchical clustering. We find that in the control simulation, the zonal network measure distribution is able to pick up model differences in the tropical SST contrast, the ITCZ position and the strength of the Southern Hemisphere Hadley cell. Although we do not find evidence for consistent modifications in the network structure tracing the response of the ITCZ to global warming in the considered model ensemble, our analysis demonstrates that coherent variations of the global SST field are linked with ITCZ dynamics. This suggests that climate networks can provide a new perspective on ITCZ dynamics and model differences therein.
Virtual water trade and water footprint of agricultural goods: the
1961–2016 CWASI database
Authors: Tamea Stefania , Tuninetti Marta , Soligno Irene , Laio Francesco
Published: November 2020

Abstract. To support national and global assessments of water use in agriculture, we build a comprehensive and harmonized database of water footprint and virtual water trade (VWT) data for hundreds of agricultural goods. The water footprint, indicating the water needed for the production of a good, including rainwater and water withdrawals, is expressed as a volume per unit weight of commodity (or unit water footprint, uWF), which is here estimated at the country scale for every year in the period 1961–2016. The uWF is also differentiated, where possible, between production and supply, referring to local production only and to a mixed role of local production and import, respectively. The VWT data, representing the amount of water needed for the production of a good and virtually exchanged with the international trade, are provided for each commodity as bilateral trade matrices, between origin and destination countries, for every year in the period 1986–2016). The database, developed within the EU-funded CWASI project, improves upon earlier datasets because it takes into account the annual variability of the uWF of crops, it accounts for both produced and imported goods in the definition of the uWF and it traces goods across the international trade up to the origin of goods' production. The CWASI database is available on the Zenodo repository at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3987468 (Tamea et al., 2020) and welcomes contributions and improvements from the research community to enable analyses specifically accounting for the temporal evolution of the uWF.
ElectroMagnetic Music: a new tool for attracting people's interest in Geosciences, while sensitizing them to planet sustainability
Authors: Menghini Antonio , Pontani Stefano , Sapia Vincenzo , Lanza Tiziana
Published: November 2020

Abstract. In recent years, different sonification methods used to
organize scientific work have come out of the scientific realm and crossed into other areas for purposes other than those pursued strictly by
scientific research. ElectroMagnetic Music (EMusic), a project born in
Italy, fits fully into this area. By transforming into musical pitches the
voltage response collected by the transient electromagnetic method (TEM), a
well-known geophysical tool for subsurface exploration, this novel approach
enables us to extract musical pieces reflecting the geological
setting and to provide a soundtrack (i.e. the soundscape or the audio component of a landscape). The soundscape becomes the basis from which a
dedicated band improvises jazz music. Besides being a new method for
creating music, the project not only has the ambitious goal of attracting
people to Earth sciences and their investigative methods but also of raising awareness of the environmental problems that characterize geological sites through the music. In this work, we explore the EMusic experiences gained as a live band travelling around the world. We also report some preliminary data on people's reactions and anticipate some future plans to better assess the potential of the method as a good science communication tool.
R2D2 v2.0: accounting for temporal dependences in multivariate bias correction via analogue rank resampling
Authors: Vrac Mathieu , Thao Soulivanh
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Over the last few years, multivariate bias correction methods have been developed to adjust spatial and/or inter-variable dependence properties of climate simulations. Most of them do not correct – and sometimes even degrade – the associated temporal features. Here, we propose a multivariate method to adjust the spatial and/or inter-variable properties while also accounting for the temporal dependence, such as autocorrelations. Our method consists of an extension of a previously developed approach that relies on an analogue-based method applied to the ranks of the time series to be corrected rather than to their “raw” values.
Several configurations are tested and compared on daily temperature and precipitation simulations over Europe from one Earth system model.
Those differ by the conditioning information used to compute the analogues and can include multiple variables at each given time, a univariate variable lagged over several time steps or both – multiple variables lagged over time steps.
Compared to the initial approach, results of the multivariate corrections show that, while the spatial and inter-variable correlations are still satisfactorily corrected even when increasing the dimension of the conditioning, the temporal autocorrelations are improved with some of the tested configurations of this extension.
A major result is also that the choice of the information to condition the analogues is key since it partially drives the capability of the proposed method to reconstruct proper multivariate dependences.
Importance of the informative content in the study area when regionalising rainfall-runoff model parameters: the role of nested catchments and gauging station density
Authors: Neri Mattia , Parajka Juraj , Toth Elena
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The setup of a rainfall-runoff model in a river section where no streamflow
measurements are available for its calibration is one of the key research
activities for the Prediction in Ungauged Basins (PUB): in order to do so it
is possible to estimate the model parameters based on the hydrometric
information available in the region. The informative content of the dataset (i.e. which and how many gauged river stations are available) plays an
essential role in the assessment of the best regionalisation method. This
study analyses how the performances of regionalisation approaches are
influenced by the “information richness” of the available regional dataset, i.e. the availability of potential donors, and in particular by the
gauging density and by the presence of nested donor catchments, which are expected to be hydrologically very similar to the target section. The research is carried out over a densely gauged dataset covering the Austrian country, applying two rainfall-runoff models and different
regionalisation approaches. The regionalisation techniques are first implemented using all the gauged
basins in the dataset as potential donors and then re-applied, decreasing the informative content of the dataset. The effect of excluding nested basins and the status of “nestedness” is identified based on the position
of the closing section along the river or the percentage of shared drainage
area. Moreover, the impact of reducing station density on regionalisation
performance is analysed. The results show that the predictive accuracy of parameter regionalisation
techniques strongly depends on the informative content of the dataset of
available donor catchments. The “output-averaging” approaches, which
exploit the information of more than one donor basin and preserve the
correlation structure of the parameter, seem to be preferable for
regionalisation purposes in both data-poor and data-rich regions. Moreover, with the use of an optimised set of catchment descriptors as a similarity measure, rather than the simple geographical distance, results are more robust to
the deterioration of the informative content of the set of donors.
APPLICATION OF SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION WITH FEW LABELS IN THE DETECTION OF WATER BODIES FROM PERUSAT-1 SATELLITE’S IMAGES
Authors: Gonzalez J. , Sankaran K. , Ayma V. , Beltran C.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Remote sensing is widely used to monitor earth surfaces with the main objective of extracting information from it. Such is the case of water surface, which is one of the most affected extensions when flood events occur, and its monitoring helps in the analysis of detecting such affected areas, considering that adequately defining water surfaces is one of the biggest problems that Peruvian authorities are concerned with. In this regard, semiautomatic mapping methods improve this monitoring, but this process remains a time-consuming task and into the subjectivity of the experts.In this work, we present a new approach for segmenting water surfaces from satellite images based on the application of convolutional neural networks. First, we explore the application of a U-Net model and then a transfer knowledge-based model. Our results show that both approaches are comparable when trained using an 680-labelled satellite image dataset; however, as the number of training samples is reduced, the performance of the transfer knowledge-based model, which combines high and very high image resolution characteristics, is improved.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE: GEOMATICS IN THE CLOUD FOR MONITORING WETLANDS IN PROTECTED AREAS
Authors: Díaz-Hormazábal I. , Valencia D. , Valenzuela J.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Wetlands protection has been a constitutive part of the conservation strategies that the Chilean Forest Service has implemented in the Protected Wild Areas of Chile. These ecosystems are highly vulnerable to changes in their hydrological regime, generating direct effects on the biodiversity associated with them. These changes may be related to the rainfall regime, however, the activities of drainage, overgrazing, landfill, or tributary deviation are the greatest threats that these ecosystems face today. For years, long-term satellite information was dismissed in the Chilean public service due to the lack of technical, computational or software capabilities. Nowadays, cloud computing tools with massive geodata analysis have democratized remote sensing, giving way to the development of web applications and online information analysis platforms. An interactive web application was developed in Google Earth Engine (GEE) that uses spectral indexes correlated with the presence of water, generating estimates in “almost real time” on Landsat and Sentinel-2 images. The Surface Water Satellite Monitoring Platform allows the automatic processing through the internet of the images available for the analyzed wetlands, overcoming the time and computational capacity restrictions required with conventional geomatics programs. This has allowed to support the management of these ecosystems, reducing the costs of field work and increasing the efficiency in the monitoring of wetlands in the Protected Wild Areas of Chile.
DEPTH RETRIEVAL FROM A RESERVOIR USING A CONDITIONAL-BASED MODEL
Authors: Nunes M. B. , Dal Poz A. P. , Alcântara E. , Curtarelli M.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Water depth is an important measure for nautical charts. Accurate methods to provide water depth information are expensive and time costing. For this reason, since late 70’s, it started to be estimate by multispectral sensors with empirical models. In the literature there is no investigation using empirical models partitioned in depth intervals, for this reason, we evaluated the accuracy of partitioned and single bathymetric models. The results have shown that to retrieve depth in from 0 to 15 m the single model provided an RMSE of 3.57 m, with a bias of about −0.83 m; while the RMSE for the partitioned model was 2.29 m with a bias of 0.41 m. For updating nautical charts using multispectral sensors it was concluded that the partitioned model can provide a better result than using a single model.
Surges of Harald Moltke Bræ, north-west Greenland: Seasonal
modulation and initiation at the terminus
Authors: Müller Lukas , Horwath Martin , Scheinert Mirko , Mayer Christoph , Ebermann Benjamin , Floricioiu Dana , Krieger Lukas , Rosenau Ralf , Vijay Saurabh
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Harald Moltke Bræ, a marine-terminating glacier in north-west Greenland, shows episodic surges. A recent surge from 2013 to 2019 lasted significantly longer (6 years) than previously observed surges (2–4 years) and exhibits a pronounced seasonality with flow velocities varying by one order of magnitude (between about 0.5 and 10 m/day) in the course of a year. During this six-year period, the velocity always peaked in the early melt season and decreased abruptly when meltwater runoff was maximum. Our data suggest that the seasonality has been similar during previous surges, and, to a much lesser extent, during the intermediate quiescent phases. It is peculiar to Harald Moltke Bræ that the seasonal amplitude is amplified episodically to constitute glacier surges. The surge from 2013 to 2019 was preceded by a rapid frontal retreat and a pronounced thinning at the glacier front (30 m within 3 years). We discuss possible causal mechanisms of the seasonally modulated surge behaviour by involving various system inherent factors (e.g. glacier geometry) and external factors (e.g. surface mass balance). The seasonality may be caused by a transition of an inefficient subglacial system to an efficient one, as known for many glaciers in Greenland. The patterns of flow velocity and ice thickness variations indicate that the surges are initiated at the terminus and develop through an up-glacier propagation of ice flow acceleration. Possibly, this is facilitated by a simultaneous up-glacier spreading of surface crevasses and weakening of subglacial till. Once a large part of the ablation zone has accelerated, conditions may favour substantial seasonal flow acceleration through seasonally changing meltwater availability. Thus the seasonal amplitude remains high for two or more years until the fast ice flow has flattened the ice surface and the glacier stabilizes again.
Metodologías con objetos-objeciones metodológicas
Authors: Callén Moreu Blanca , Pérez-Bustos Tania
Published: November 2020

Este artículo busca contribuir a la discusión feminista sobre las políticas de la materia, dando cuenta de propuestas metodológicas para investigar con objetos y de cómo estos interfieren en nuestras investigaciones. En esta metarreflexión metodológica ponemos a dialogar dos investigaciones acerca del papel de los objetos en la vida social. Ello se hace a partir de dos entradas: (1) la revisión del uso de entrevistas y fotografías que permiten que los objetos operen y se manifiesten a través de quienes les poseen, para ser atendidos, vistos y escuchados, por quienes investigamos, y (2) las interferencias de los objetos en las investigaciones, resistiéndose a participar o modificando las condiciones y términos en que son interpelados desde el dispositivo metodológico. Este análisis metodológico nos permite poner en evidencia la continuidad material que nos coconstituye y afecta mutuamente a humanos y objetos en el marco de la investigación, y cuestionar los posicionamientos (metodológicos y epistemo-políticos) pretendidamente distantes y utilitaristas hacia unos “otros” en forma de objetos en la investigación social.
Research on the Overall Architecture and Application of E-Sports Big Data
Authors: Yinbin Liu , Xiaoyue Zhang
Published: November 2020

Big data has a profound impact on the transformation of human society and culture. With the rapid development of E-sports industry in the world, the application research of big data in the field of E-sports has gradually become one of the focuses of academic attention. Based on the method of literature analysis, this paper makes a systematic analysis of 628 articles about big data of E-sports published from 2013 to 2020, and attempts to systematically study the literature from the concepts, characteristics, system architecture and practical applications of E-sports big data, and propose possible future improvements in this field.
The Effect of the Use and Knowledge of AI on the Advanced Entrepreneurship in Saudis Small Business and Startups
Authors: Ahmad Mashat Reem Mahmoud
Published: November 2020

The study aims to study the actual use of the AI (Artificial intelligence) among small businesses in Saudi Arabia, and the effect of this use and the knowledge on the advanced entrepreneurship in these businesses. The actual use and knowledge were measured, along with the effect of these variables on the advanced entrepreneurship. The sample chosen was 204 small businesses and startups from three main cities in KSA. The sample was mostly of technology related businesses 45%, and others as of service related and manufacturing simple products. The results show a lack of both the actual use of AI technology and knowledge of this technology. The results also show this lack is affecting the entrepreneurship of theses business and their abilities to grow with a sense of creativity in the local market. The research demonstrates the need for AI technology to strength the entrepreneurship among small business in Saudi Arabia. The research results close a gap in the available literature of small business use of technology and demonstrating advanced entrepreneurship in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Further research is needed to understand the reasons of the lack of the use of AI among these businesses in Saudi Arabia.
Sustaining Local Communities through Cultural Industries Based on Local Wisdom in Tigawasa Village
Authors: Parameswara Agung , Wulandari Athina
Published: November 2020

Globalization with the presence of information technology and development is a challenge for the sustainability of local communities that identic with tradition and culture. The value of local wisdom is an identity that is a strength because there is no in other places. This study wants to prove that local wisdom can provide added value and could even be used as a fundamental factor for sustainable development. The subject of study is the cultural industries. It is said, cultural industries that have cultural values are an important component and it contains the strength of narration of the output. The investigation is carried out by exploring local wisdom-based economic activities, access to labor, and social sustainability to show that the value of local wisdom as an identity can realize a sustainable economy in a rural area. In-depth interviews and observations with an ethnography approach to the case study method conducted in Tigawasa Village, Buleleng. This village is Bali Aga Village, home of Bali Mula or Bali’s original people, the earliest inhabitants of the island, which have local wisdom of bamboo.
UPGRADING PROGRAM FOR ARMED FORCES OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC IN 2019-2025
Authors: Nawrotek Jarosław
Published: November 2020

It is planned that expenditures borne in 2019-2025 for the French defence sector will increase to 2% of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) yearly. According to the French Ministry of Defence the Upgrading Program for Armed Forces of the French Republic (Loi de Programmation Militaire - LPM) is aimed not only for strengthening the strategic autonomy of France but to build the inde-pendent European armed forces, as well. Contrary to former years the LPM preserves the schedule of orders and supplies of previ-ous programs, and the decisions arising from them. At the same time the upgrading of pri-oritized domains connected with execution of operational activities is accelerated. They include: the airplane for air tanking and stra-tegic transport (Multi Role Tanker Transport - MRTT, avion militaire de transport et de ravitaillement), patrolling ships, supplying ships, armoured vehicles. Moreover the continuation is allowed at extended volume for supplies under the prioritized programs such as SCORPION IT system for battle field, light reconnaissance airplanes ALSR and drones of different types. At the same time it facilitates the development work carried out together with the European partners, particularly over the combat airplanes, follower of the aircraft carrier or the combat tank of the future [1].
Role of tool rotational speed on the
tribological characteristics of magnesium
based AZ61A/TiC composite developed via
friction stir processing route
Authors: Sagar P. , Handa A.
Published: November 2020

Purpose: A new composite material was prepared and Different properties such as
hardness and tribological behaviour of the fabricated metal matrix composite (MMC) was
investigated and compared with the base AZ61A magnesium alloy.
Design/methodology/approach: For the current research work, state-of-the-art
technology, Friction stir processing (FSP) was performed to develop magnesium based
AZ61A/TiC composite at optimized set of machine parameters.
Findings: Increasing tool rotational speed ultimately leads in enhanced hardness, which
further gives superior tribological properties as compared to base AZ61A alloy. Wear
observations suggests a combination of abrasive and adhesive wear mechanism.
Research limitations/implications: More microstructural and mechanical properties
can be examined.
Practical implications: The idea behind selecting AZ61A is mainly due to its increasing
use in bicycle pedals and military equipment’s where at certain places it needs to encounter
friction. In this current work, microhardness study and wear behaviour of AZ61A/TiC
composite processed via FSP were examined.
Originality/value: Paper is completely new and no work has been done till date
considering this material and preparing composite with nanoparticles TiC.
Architect Familiarity and Perceptions Surrounding Sustainable Design, LEED, and Engineered Wood Products in Arkansas
Authors: Pelkki Matthew , Sherman Gabrielle , Walkingstick Tamara , Wallen Kenneth
Published: November 2020

The sustainable building design movement has gained momentum within the United States in recent years. This has led to a proliferation of green building certification programs like Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and the development of engineered wood products (EWP) like cross laminated timber (CLT). Often, architects serve as the conduit between green building construction material and their use in construction. There is need to investigate the perceptions and practices of architects on the topic of green building certification and EWPs. In partnership with the American Institute of Architects (AIA), this study surveyed registered architects practicing in Arkansas to a) examine interest in and application of LEED certification and b) beliefs related to sustainability, affordability, and availability of EWPs. Results suggest a majority of architects surveyed have interest in the LEED program and have previously earned LEED-certification for a building design. Respondents rated the importance of improving human health and well-being as especially high but appear to doubt the ability of EWP to contribute to sustainable design. Analysis revealed that CLT use is significantly lower than that of more typical EWPs such as plywood panels and glue laminated timber. Architects also indicated that the affordability and availability of modern EWP represent significant barriers to their utilization within the state. To increase the rate of sustainable development, it will be necessary to highlight benefits to human and environmental health and generate interest amongst architectural clientele.
Interaction Among Social, Cultural and Environmental Factors in Vernacular Settlements. The Case of Korogonianika, in Lakonia, Greece
Authors: Tousi Evgenia
Published: November 2020

The article presents the main findings of a research focusing on the unique attributes of vernacular architectural heritage of Southern Greece. Sustainable vernacular architectural solutions and contemporary challenges are presented so as to put in the forefront a timely issue that needs addressing. The peril of absolute desolation and the unnecessary interventions put not only in jeopardy the value of architectural heritage but also hinder socio-spatial cohesion and sustainability. The analysis of the crucial issues is based on literature review and field work.  Field work involves original cartographic depiction, photos, drawings as well as participant observation and interviews. The production of space is being studied as a result of the interaction between social and environmental factors. This interaction is portrayed through the use of a pilot case study, the village Korogonianika which is a typical and representative example for all vernacular settlements of eastern Mani.
Practical Digital Terrain Model Extraction Using Image Inpainting Techniques
Authors: Kwan Chiman , Gribben David , Ayhan Bulent , Larkin Jude
Published: November 2020

In some applications such as construction planning and land surveying, an accurate digital terrain model (DTM) is essential. However, in urban and sub-urban areas, the terrain may be covered by trees and man-made structures. Although digital surface model (DSM) obtained by radar or LiDAR can provide a general idea of the terrain, the presence of trees, buildings, etc. conceals the actual terrain elevation. Normally, the process of extracting DTM involves a land cover classification followed by a trimming step that removes the elevation due to trees and buildings. In this chapter, we assume the land cover types have been classified and we focus on the use of image inpainting algorithms for DTM generation. That is, for buildings and trees, we remove those pixels from the DSM and then apply inpainting techniques to reconstruct the terrain pixels in those areas. A dataset with DSM and hyperspectral data near the U. Houston area was used in our study. The DTM from United States Geological Survey (USGS) was used as the ground truth. Objective evaluation results indicate that some inpainting methods perform better than others.
Application of Deep Learning Approaches for Enhancing Mastcam Images
Authors: Qu Ying , Qi Hairong , Kwan Chiman
Published: November 2020

There are two mast cameras (Mastcam) onboard the Mars rover Curiosity. Both Mastcams are multispectral imagers with nine bands in each. The right Mastcam has three times higher resolution than the left. In this chapter, we apply some recently developed deep neural network models to enhance the left Mastcam images with help from the right Mastcam images. Actual Mastcam images were used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithms.
Geometric Analysis of Ophthalmic Lens by Backward Method and Optical Simulation
Authors: Chen Rung-Sheng
Published: November 2020

This chapter will show the optical models of ametropia and presyopia by backward method (BM). The design activity of ophthalmic lens involves relatively simple, often elementary geometric optics. In general, ophthalmic lens design is given by tracing the light from the object to the image plane, i.e., the retina. And this can be called the forward method (AM). By BM, the position of the object and image is interchanged, i.e., retina plays the role as object. Using BM gives an alternative way to know how the eye works as a lens, and the retina now acts as the object tells more information for the correction of ametropia and presbyopia for its curve shape and the location. Applying this BM geometric analysis, we can see the correction of ametropia by correction lens, i.e., spectacle, is to fulfill the needs to put the object at the conjugate places of retina formed by the myopic and hyperopic eye. For verification, the optical simulation by Zemax is applied to simulate the image forming processing, i.e., the conjugation between the retinal and it counter parts. Similarly, this geometric analysis can be applied to analyze the progressive addition lenses (PALs) by the revised BM.
Ceramics Coated Metallic Materials: Methods, Properties and Applications
Authors: Zang Dongmian , Xun Xiaowei
Published: November 2020

Surface coating can allow the bulk materials to remain unchanged, while the surface functionality is engineered to afford a more wanted characteristic. Ceramic coatings are considered as ideal coatings on metal which can significantly improve the surface properties of metal materials including anti-fouling, self-cleaning, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, oil/water separation and biocompatibility. Furthermore, various techniques have been utilized to fabricate a range of different ceramic coatings with more desirable properties on metal materials, which make the materials widely used in service environment. This chapter focus will be on the types, fabrication methods, surface properties and applications of ceramics coated metal materials.
Neo-Developmentalism and Regional Integration: IIRSA Impact in the Environmental Agenda in the Amazon
Authors: Pablo Cardoso Castro Pedro , Ravena Nirvia
Published: November 2020

The regional integration policy in Latin America was based on the premises of the Initiative for the Integration of the Regional Infrastructure of South America (IIRSA), seen as a development strategy adopted by the regional political elites and as an instrument of Brazilian foreign policy. Focusing on the projects undertaken in the Amazon Hub, the article analyzes the integration strategy and its impact on environmental regulation. The paper highlighted the role played by the developmentalism goals in the region regarding the environmental regulation, adopting a model of integration encompassing a reduction of natural resources stock, which is a strategic feature for sustainable development policies. This chapter results from descriptive research, based on secondary data and official documents available from the involved institutions. They analyze the Brazilian government’s neo-developmentalism goals to understand how the environmental agenda in Pan Amazon was affected.
Perturbation Expansion to the Solution of Differential Equations
Authors: Mohapatra Jugal
Published: November 2020

The main purpose of this chapter is to describe the application of perturbation expansion techniques to the solution of differential equations. Approximate expressions are generated in the form of asymptotic series. These may not and often do not converge but in a truncated form of only two or three terms, provide a useful approximation to the original problem. These analytical techniques provide an alternative to the direct computer solution. Before attempting to solve these problems numerically, one should have an awareness of the perturbation approach.
Emerging Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: N. Abramson Hanley
Published: November 2020

Therapeutic measures designed to treat multiple myeloma (MM) have undergone a fundamental shift over the past two decades as a number of small molecules that attack this cancer by different mechanisms, including proteasome blockade, immunomodulation, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition, have been introduced. The insertion of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) into the mix began in 2015 with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of daratumumab and elotuzumab, which target CD38 and SLAMF7, respectively. In 2020, they were joined by another anti-CD38 mAb, isatuximab, and the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) belantamab mafodotin, which targets the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA). This review focuses on additional mAbs currently under clinical study for MM. These include several BCMAxCD3-directed bispecifics (AMG 420, AMG 701, REGN5458, REGN5459, teclistamab, and TNB-383B), the ADCs indatuximab ravtansine and STRO-001, and checkpoint inhibitors, although the future status of the latter is in a state of flux due to toxicity issues that arose in trials in which these drugs, especially PD-1 or PD-L1 blockers, were combined with immunomodulators.
Design Model and Deployment Fashion of Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Akourmis Sana , Fakhri Youssef , Driss Rahmani Moulay
Published: November 2020

The ease deployment of Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in the harsh and hard environment possesses a paved because the way it is. They are formed by sensor nodes which are responsible for examining environmental and corporal conditions to perform data processing. In this chapter, the manner of deployment will be presented, and how they communicate over a wireless link to unite the necessities of a specific application will be shown.