bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization of Quaternary 1,2‐Diamino‐benzimidazolium Salts Containing an Activated Methylene Group in 3‐Position with Acetic Anhydride.
Authors: KUZ'MENKO T. A. , KUZ'MENKO V. V. , ANISIMOVA V. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition Reactions of 5H,7H‐Thiazolo(3,4‐c)oxazolium‐1‐oxides with Imines.
Authors: DALA CROCE P. , FERRACCIOLI R. , LA ROSA C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dithiadiazafulvalenes ‐ New Strong Electron Donors. Synthesis, Isolation, Properties, and EPR Studies.
Authors: TORMOS G. V. , BAKKER M. G. , WANG P. , LAKSHMIKANTHAM M. V. , CAVA M. P. , METZGER R. M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐(3‐Tropolonyl)‐1‐benzopyrylium Perchlorates and Related Compounds.
Authors: WANG D.‐L. , LU D.‐R. , JIN Z.‐T. , IMAFUKU K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cardioselective Anti‐Ischemic ATP‐Sensitive Potassium Channel Openers. Part 3. Structure‐Activity Studies on Benzopyranyl Cyanoguanidines: Modification of the Cyanoguanidine Portion.
Authors: ATWAL K. S. , GROVER G. J. , AHMED S. Z. , SLEPH P. G. , DZWONCZYK S. , BAIRD A. J. , NORMANDIN D. E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 7‐Bromo‐5‐iodo‐4‐oxo‐1,4‐dihydroquinoline‐2‐carboxylic Acid.
Authors: DUMONT F. , SLEGERS G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure‐Activity Relationship Studies of CNS Agents. Part 23. N‐(3‐ Phenylpropyl)‐ and N‐((E)‐Cinnamyl)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline Mimic 1‐Phenylpiperazine at 5‐HT1A Receptors.
Authors: MOKROSZ J. L. , BOJARSKI A. J. , CHARAKCHIEVA‐MINOL S. , DUSZYNSKA B. , MOKROSZ M. J. , PALUCHOWSKA M. H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution with the Anion of 3,5‐Disubstituted Isoxazole‐4‐carboxylic Acids.
Authors: MOSHER M. D. , NATALE N. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel, Potent, and Orally Active Substance P Antagonists: Synthesis and Antagonist Activity of N‐Benzylcarboxamide Derivatives of Pyrido(3, 4‐b)pyridine.
Authors: NATSUGARI H. , IKEURA Y. , KIYOTA Y. , ISHICHI Y. , ISHIMARU T. , SAGA O. , SHIRAFUJI H. , TANAKA T. , KAMO I. , DOI T. , OTSUKA M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Coupling in a Series of Derivatized 4a,9‐Diaza‐1,2,4a,9‐ tetrahydrofluorene. Part 3. Coupling with Hydroxynaphthoquinones.
Authors: KAMINSKII V. A. , SHUMAKOV S. A. , POLONIK S. G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Spirocyclic Meisenheimer Complexes. Part 37. Polynitroaromatic 3‐ Hydroxy‐1‐methylpyridine‐2(1H)‐thione Derivatives.
Authors: KNYAZEV V. N. , DROZD V. N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Dopamine Receptor Binding Studies of Homochiral 8‐ Aminopyrido(1,2‐a)indoles.
Authors: GMEINER P. , KAERTNER A. , MIERAU J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diheterocyclic Compounds from Dithiocarbamates and Derivatives Thereof. Part 7. 1‐(2‐Benzazolylaminophenylsulphonyl)‐4‐(4‐oxo‐2‐thioxo(oxo)‐1, 2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐3‐quinazolinyl)benzenes.
Authors: FRANCO S. , MELENDEZ E. , MERCHAN F. L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 6,12‐Imino‐6H,12H‐dibenzo(b,f)‐1,5‐dithiocins.
Authors: TOSTE F. D. , LOUGH A. J. , STILL I. W. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Alkyl‐ and Arylamino(2H2)methylphosphinic Acids.
Authors: BERTE‐VERRANDO S. , NIEF F. , PATOIS C. , SAVIGNAC P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Phosphorothioate Esters of L‐Phenyllactic Acid as Transition‐State Inhibitors of Carboxypeptidase A.
Authors: HILL J. M. , LOWE G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bryophyte Constituents. Part 5. Synthesis of Taylorione.
Authors: SPEICHER A. , EICHER T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization of cis‐ and trans‐6,7‐trans‐8,9‐Pseudoirone in Super Acids
Authors: TATAROVA L. E. , KORCHAGINA D. V. , BARKHASH V. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aziridine Analogues of ((trans‐(Epoxysuccinyl)‐L‐leucyl)amino)‐4‐ guanidinobutane (E‐64) as Inhibitors of Cysteine Proteases.
Authors: MARTICHONOK V. , PLOUFFE C. , STORER A. C. , MENARD R. , JONES J. B.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies Directed Toward the Liposidomycins: Preparation and Reactions of Serine‐Derived Epoxides.
Authors: MOORE W. J. , LUZZIO F. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyano Sugars: Synthesis by Opening of an Epoxide Ring in Pentofuranosides with Diethylaluminum Cyanide.
Authors: WATANABE S. , KAVAI I. , BOBEK M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Glycosylation Using Fully Benzylated Pyrimidin‐2‐yl 1‐ Thio‐β‐D‐glycopyranosides.
Authors: CHEN Q. , KONG F.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Synthesis of Methyl 4‐O‐Methyl‐α‐D‐ glucopyranosiduronic Acid.
Authors: LI K. , HELM R. F.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Some N‐Pentopyranosyl‐2‐ pyridinethiones.
Authors: ATTIA A. M. E. , IBRAHIM E. I. , HAY F. E. A. , ABBASI M. M. A. , MANSOUR H. A. E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Certain Acyclic Nucleoside Analogues of 1,2,4‐Triazolo(3, 4‐f) (1,2,4)triazine and Pyrimido(5,4‐d)pyrimidine.
Authors: RAO T. S. , REVANKAR G. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Various 6‐Demethylmitomycins and 6‐ Demethyl‐6‐halomitomycins.
Authors: ARAI H. , ASHIZAWA T. , GOMI K. , KONO M. , SAITO H. , KASAI M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Nosiheptide. Synthesis of Thiazole Fragments.
Authors: KOERBER‐PLE K. , MASSIOT G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Total Synthesis of Swinholide A. Part 2. A Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a C1‐C15 Segment.
Authors: PATERSON I. , SMITH J. D. , WARD R. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Porphyrinoids for Chemistry and Medicine by Biomimetic Syntheses
Authors: FRANCK B. , NONN A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Gilvocarcins
Authors: HUA D. H. , SAHA S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Particle separation in laminar tube flows with downstream expansion
Authors: Matulka P. , Walzel P.
Published: August 2010

Die Klassierung von Partikeln mit zur Trägerflüssigkeit vergleichbarer Dichte, z. B. zur Abtrennung von Stippen aus Polymerschmelzen, kann in einem laminar durchströmten, vertikalen Rohr durchgeführt werden, das in einer Strömungsaufweitung und einer Absaugung mit relativ großem Querschnitt mündet. An einer Trennapparatur im Labormaßstab wurden grundlegende Versuche im Rohr‐Reynoldszahl‐Bereich von 1 < Re < 7 durchgeführt. Eine numerische Simulation zeigt den Verlauf der Partikel‐Trajektorien in der Strömungsaufweitung für zwei Reynoldszahlen.
Progress in the Development of Control Strategies for the SBR Process
Authors: Yang Qing , Gu Shengbo , Peng Yongzhen , Wang Shuying , Liu Xiuhong
Published: August 2010

The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process has shown great success in the treatment of industrial wastewater from intermittent discharge factories and for the treatment of domestic wastewater from medium or small towns. As automation technology has developed, many studies have been conducted to determine the optimal conditions for the SBR process. This review outlines the progress and application of control strategies that have been developed for the SBR process and provides a summary and comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of various control strategies, especially fixed‐time control strategies and various real‐time control strategies. Moreover, an analysis and discussion of novel optimal control methods for biologic nutrient removal are provided. Although previous studies in this field have greatly enriched our understanding of SBR systems, it is clear that many unsolved problems remain. Therefore, a summary of unanswered questions regarding control strategies for the SBR process is provided and future research directions are suggested.
Prognostic value of lymph node evaluation in small bowel adenocarcinoma
Authors: Overman Michael J. , Hu Chung‐Yuan , Wolff Robert A. , Chang George J.
Published: August 2010

BACKGROUND:

The presence of distant metastases and the completeness of resection are important prognostic factors in patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA); however, the influence of lymph node metastasis on patient outcome has not been well characterized. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the impact of the number of positive and negative lymph nodes on survival after curative resection.

METHODS:

Patients who had SBA diagnosed between 1988 and 2005 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed after adjusting for age, sex, race, tumor stage, tumor grade, and primary site. Five‐year disease‐specific survival (DSS) was determined, all patients were categorized according to the total lymph nodes (TLNs) assessed, and patients with stage III disease also were categorized according to the number of positive lymph nodes (PLNs) and the PLN‐to‐TLN ratio (the lymph node ratio [LNR]).

RESULTS:

In total, 1991 patients (n = 1216 with stage I/II SBA and n = 775 with stage III SBA) were analyzed. Survival depended on the TLNs assessed. The 5‐year DSS rate for patients with stage II disease was associated with the TLNs assessed (44%, 69%, and 83% for 0 TLNs, 1‐7 TLNs, and >7 TLNs, respectively). The 5‐year DSS for patients with stage III disease was associated with the number of PLNs (58% and 37% for <3 PLNs and ≥3 PLNs, respectively). Among patients with stage III disease, the LNR was even more predictive of survival than stratification by the number of PLNs.

CONCLUSIONS:

Survival after surgical resection for stage I, II, and III SBA was associated with the TLNs assessed. Stratifying patients with stage III disease into those with <3 PLNs and ≥3 PLNs significantly improved prognostication. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Risk of mortality in patients with cancer who experience febrile neutropenia
Authors: Lyman Gary H. , Michels Shannon L. , Reynolds Matthew W. , Barron Rich , Tomic Karen Smoyer , Yu Jingbo
Published: August 2010

BACKGROUND:

Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a serious and potentially life‐threatening condition that may develop in patients with cancer who receive myelosuppressive chemotherapy. The risk of mortality from FN is not well characterized in current clinical practice.

METHODS:

Patients with cancer who were receiving chemotherapy in clinical practice were identified from a large US healthcare claims database, and mortality was confirmed using the National Death Index. Patients with FN had their propensity scores matched within tumor types of interest (non‐Hodgkin lymphoma and breast, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancers) to patients who did not experience FN. Study endpoints of overall mortality (anytime during follow‐up), early mortality (during the first 12 months of the first chemotherapy course), and hospitalization were examined using univariate and multivariate techniques.

RESULTS:

Matched FN and control groups each included 5990 patients, and the average follow‐up for both groups was 17.6 months. Crude incidence rates of early mortality were significantly higher for patients with FN compared with controls for all tumor types. Proportional hazards regression demonstrated a significant increase in the risk of overall and early mortality in patients with FN compared with controls (hazard ratio [HR], 1.15 [95% confidence interval, 1.02‐1.29] and HR, 1.35 [95% confidence interval, 1.09‐1.67], respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

The adjusted risk of mortality in patients who experienced FN was at least 15% higher than in comparably matched patients without FN, supporting the inference that infectious complications because of neutropenia resulting from myelosuppressive chemotherapy are clinically important. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Tandem dosing of samarium‐153 ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphoric acid with stem cell support for patients with high‐risk osteosarcoma
Authors: Loeb David M. , Hobbs Robert F. , Okoli Amarachukwu , Chen Allen R. , Cho Steve , Srinivasan Senthamizhchelvan , Sgouros George , Shokek Ori , Wharam Moody D. , Scott Tammy , Schwartz Cindy L.
Published: August 2010

BACKGROUND:

Samarium‐153 ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphoric acid (153Sm‐EDTMP) is a radiopharmaceutical that has been used to treat osteosarcoma. The authors conducted a phase 2 study to test safety and response of high‐risk osteosarcoma to tandem doses of 153Sm‐EDTMP and to determine correlation between radiation delivered by low and high administered activities.

METHODS:

Patients with recurrent, refractory osteosarcoma detectable on standard 99mTc bone scan received a low dose of 153Sm‐EDTMP (37.0‐51.8 MBq/kg), followed upon count recovery by a second, higher dose (222 MBq/kg). Fourteen days later, patients were rescued with autologous hematopoietic stem cells. The authors assessed response to therapy, performed dosimetry to determine the relationship between administered activity and tumor absorbed dose, and investigated whether changes in 2‐(fluorine‐18) fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (18F‐FDG) tumor uptake upon hematologic recovery reflected disease response.

RESULTS:

Nine patients were given tandem doses of 153Sm‐EDTMP; 2 received only the initial dose because of disease progression. Six patients experienced radiographic disease stabilization, but this was not considered a response, so the study was terminated early. There was a linear relationship between administered activity and tumor absorbed dose, but there was no correlation between change in 18F‐FDG positron emission tomography tumor uptake and tumor absorbed dose or time to progression. The median time to progression for the entire group was 79 days.

CONCLUSIONS:

Tandem doses of 153Sm‐EDTMP were safe for this cohort of heavily pretreated patients with very high‐risk disease. The strong correlation between absorbed dose and administered activity within each evaluable patient provides a methodology to individually tailor tandem doses of this agent. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Rate Coefficients for Reactions of OH and Cl with Esters
Authors: Liang Peng , Mu Yujing , Daële Véronique , Mellouki Abdelwahid
Published: August 2010

Rate coefficients for the gas‐phase reactions of OH radicals withn‐propyl butyrate (k1),n‐butyl propionate (k2) andn‐butyl butyrate (k3) are measured by both absolute and relative methods. The kinetics data obtained over the temperature range 273–372 K are used to derive the Arrhenius expressions (in units of cm3 molecule−1 s−1):k1=(1.92±0.50)×10−12exp[(400±80)/T],k2=(2.98±1.32)×10−12 exp[(209±139)/T] andk3=(5.35±3.34)×10−12 exp[(180±194)/T]. In addition, the rate coefficients for reactions of the three esters with Cl atoms are determined by the relative‐rate method at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The rate coefficients measured are (in units of 10−10cm3 molecule−1 s−1) as follows:n‐propyl butyrate (1.4±0.1),n‐butyl propionate (1.6±0.1), andn‐butyl butyrate (1.7±0.1). The values obtained are presented, compared with previous determinations and discussed. Reactivity trends and atmospheric implications resulting from this work are also presented.
External Heavy‐Atom Effect on the Prompt and Delayed Fluorescence of [70]Fullerenes
Authors: Baleizão Carlos , Berberan‐Santos Mário N.
Published: August 2010

The influence of the external heavy‐atom effect (HAE) on the fluorescence properties of C70 and a C70 methano monoadduct is determined. For this purpose the photophysics of these [70]fullerenes is studied in polystyrene (PS) and in a related heavy‐atom polymer, poly(4‐bromostyrene) (PBS). In the absence of HAE (PS matrix) both fullerenes display a strong thermally activated delayed fluorescence (DF) that is more pronounced in the case of C70. In the presence of HAE (PBS matrix) both prompt (PF) and DF intensities decrease significantly, the same happening to the delayed fluorescence lifetimes. The relative fluorescence intensities (DF intensity/PF intensity) for each fullerene are on the other hand surprisingly similar to the respective ones in PS for the full experimental temperature range. The HAE is responsible for a significant increase of the S1→T1 and S1←T1 intersystem crossing (ISC) rates, and of the T1→S0 radiative rate. In particular, the HAE on a S1←T1 ISC rate is reported here for the first time. The overall substantial insensitivity of relative fluorescence intensities to HAE is explained by a compensation effect: As the S1→T1 and S1←T1 ISC rates on the one hand, and the T1→S0 radiative rate on the other hand work in opposition with respect to DF, a near cancellation of effects occurs.
Resolving middle‐age sibling conflict regarding parent care
Authors: Gentry Deborah B.
Published: August 2010

Middle‐age children are and will continue to be confronted with parent care decisions. It is inevitable that siblings experience varying degrees of conflict when making these decisions, as exemplified in the four case studies outlined in this article. The potential benefits and limitations of family mediation as a means of resolving such conflicts are discussed.
Online dispute resolution: Theory and practice of the fourth party
Authors: Rifkin Janet
Published: August 2010

As more and more social and commercial activity takes place online, it is inevitable that conflicts will arise in online spaces and that new electronic tools for dispute resolution will be necessary. Yet we actually know very little about the nature of disputing and dispute resolution in these settings. The theory and practice of mediation are grounded in an understanding and analysis of conflict and communication that assumes that people will come together in a physical space to negotiate their differences. The strategic interventions that mediators utilize in such cases emerge from their assessment of what tactics would be most effective for conflict management, facilitation, and resolution in light of the unfolding interpersonal dynamics among the parties who are literally “at the table.” This article considers what happens when mediation takes place in settings in which there is no face‐to‐face meeting, when mediation takes place not through the medium of talk but through the written word.
Bauweise mit Zukunft: Durch und durch mineralisch —Wärmedämmendes Mauerwerk mit mineralischem Putz
Authors: Kuhlemann Clemens , Riechers Hans‐Joachim
Published: August 2010

Hat Mauerwerk eine Zukunft? Oder dienen Wände bald nur noch als Trägermaterial für Dämmschichten? Dabei ist gerade wärmedämmendes Mauerwerk aus gutem Grund im Wohnungsbau nach wie vor die Nummer Eins — und wird es nach Einschätzung der Fachleute auch bleiben. Dieser Beitrag schildert aktuelle Entwicklungen und beleuchtet Hintergründe.

Construction with a future — theral insulating brick with mineral plaster. Does brickwork has a future? Couldn’t it be that walls will soon only serve as backing material for insulation layer? However, there are good reasons that heat insulating brickwork is still the number one in domestic constructions — according to experts this will remain so. The following article will characterize current developments und backgrounds.
Perfectionism and its relation to overevaluation of weight and shape and depression in an eating disorder sample
Authors: Steele Anna L. , O'Shea Anne , Murdock Amelia , Wade Tracey D.
Published: August 2010

Objective:

To examine the relative association between psychopathology (depression and overevaluation of weight and shape) and measures of perfectionism and self‐criticism in an eating disorder sample.

Method:

Participants (n = 39) completed measures of independent variables (perfectionism and self‐criticism) and dependent variables (depression and overevaluation of weight and shape).

Results:

Simultaneous multiple regression analyses suggest that clinical perfectionism has a unique association with depression. Self‐criticism and clinical perfectionism had a stronger association with overevaluation of weight and shape than other measures of perfectionism.

Discussion:

Clinical perfectionism and self‐criticism may be of more relevance than existing measures of multidimensional perfectionism in terms of explaining maintenance of depression and overevaluation of weight and shape. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2011
Development of emotion acceptance behavior therapy for anorexia nervosa: A case series
Authors: Wildes Jennifer E. , Marcus Marsha D.
Published: August 2010

This case series describes the development of a novel psychotherapeutic intervention for older adolescents and adults with anorexia nervosa (AN). Emotion acceptance behavior therapy (EABT) is based on a model that emphasizes the role of anorexic symptoms in facilitating avoidance of emotions. EABT combines standard behavioral interventions that are central to the clinical management of AN with psychotherapeutic techniques designed to increase emotion awareness, decrease emotion avoidance, and encourage resumption of valued activities and relationships outside the eating disorder. Five patients with AN aged 17–43 years were offered a 24‐session manualized version of EABT. Four patients completed at least 90% of the therapy sessions, and three showed modest weight gains without return to intensive treatment. Improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms, emotion avoidance, and quality of life also were observed. These results offer preliminary support for the potential utility of EABT in the treatment of older adolescents and adults with AN. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2011
Self‐efficacy as a robust predictor of outcome in guided self‐help treatment for broadly defined bulimia nervosa
Authors: Steele Anna L. , Bergin Jacqueline , Wade Tracey D.
Published: August 2010

Objective:

To examine predictors of guided self‐help (GSH) treatment outcome in bulimia nervosa (BN).

Method:

Data were included from 87 individuals who participated in one of two randomized controlled trials evaluating GSH interventions for BN. Participants received eight sessions of GSH over a 6‐ to 8‐week period and were assessed at baseline, pretreatment, posttreatment, and 6‐month follow‐up.

Results:

Motivation (confidence in ability to change) proved to be the most robust predictor of outcome, across three of the four outcome measures. Baseline measures of concern over mistakes perfectionism also uniquely predicted outcome at posttreatment. Posttreatment measures of stress, eating disorder‐related automatic thoughts, and frequency of binge episodes predicted outcome at 6‐month follow‐up.

Discussion:

This study suggests that tackling motivation early in therapy, with a particular focus on confidence in succeeding in change, could be of benefit to outcome in BN treatment. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2011
Associations between specific components of compulsive exercise and eating‐disordered cognitions and behaviors among young women
Authors: Taranis Lorin , Meyer Caroline
Published: August 2010

Objective:

To explore the associations between specific elements of compulsive exercise and both eating‐disordered cognitions and eating‐disordered behaviors in a nonclinical sample of young women.

Method:

A sample of young women (n = 498) completed self‐report measures of eating pathology (The Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire) and a relatively new measure of Compulsive Exercise Test.

Results:

Specific elements of compulsive exercise were associated with elevated levels of eating‐disordered cognitions and increased frequency of eating‐disordered behaviors.

Discussion:

These results support a multifunctional conceptualization of compulsive exercise, suggesting that some of the functionality of compulsive exercise may be akin to other forms of purging, and further supporting the notion of a possible functional equivalence between compulsive exercise and specific eating‐disordered behaviors in terms of affect regulation. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2011
Sulfonato–Cu(salen) Complex CatalyzedN‐Arylation of Aliphatic Amines with Aryl Halides in Water
Authors: Wu Zhiqing , Zhou Li , Jiang Zhaoqiong , Wu Di , Li Zhengkai , Zhou Xiangge
Published: August 2010

A water‐soluble sulfonato‐Cu(salen) complex catalyzed procedure for theN‐arylation of simple aliphatic amines, amino alcohols and amino acids in pure water have been developed. A variety of substituted aryl iodides, bromides and electron‐deficient chlorides were found to be applicable, and 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazoles could be prepared easily by a cascade amination/condensation process in this catalytic system.
Highly Enantioselective Organocatalytic Michael Addition of 2‐Hydroxy‐ 1,4‐naphthoquinone to β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Oxo Esters
Authors: Wang Yi‐Feng , Zhang Wei , Luo Shu‐Ping , Zhang Guang‐Cun , Xia Ai‐Bao , Xu Xiang‐Sheng , Xu Dan‐Qian
Published: August 2010

An organocatalytic enantioselective Michael addition of 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone to β,γ‐unsaturated α‐oxo esters has been developed. The process was promoted by bifunctional chiral amine derived squaramides according to a hydrogen‐bonding mediated activation mechanism and afforded the chiral adducts in high yields (up to 88 %) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 98 % ee) under mild conditions. This organocatalytic asymmetric Michael addition provides an efficient route toward the synthesis of optically active functionalized naphthoquinones.
Fluid intake and the risk of urothelial cell carcinomas in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
Authors: Ros Martine M. , Bas Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H.B. , Büchner Frederike L. , Aben Katja K.H. , Kampman Ellen , Egevad Lars , Overvad Kim , Tjønneland Anne , Roswall Nina , Clavel‐Chapelon Francoise , Kaaks Rudolf , Chang‐Claude Jenny , Boeing Heiner , Weikert Steffen , Trichopoulou Antonia , Orfanos Philippos , Stasinopulou Georgia , Saieva Calogero , Krogh Vittorio , Vineis Paolo , Tumino Rosario , Mattiello Amalia , Peeters Petra H.M. , van Duijnhoven Fränzel J.B. , Lund Eiliv , Gram Inger T , Chirlaque Maria D , Barricarte Aurelio , Rodríguez Laudina , Molina Esther , Gonzalez Carlos , Dorronsoro Miren , Manjer Jonas , Ehrnström Roy , Ljungberg Börje , Allen Naomi E. , Roddam Andrew W. , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Wareham Nick , Boffetta Paolo , Slimani Nadia , Michaud Dominique S. , Kiemeney Lambertus A.L.M. , Riboli Elio
Published: August 2010

Results from previous studies investigating the association between fluid intake and urothelial cell carcinomas (UCC) are inconsistent. We evaluated this association among 233,236 subjects in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), who had adequate baseline information on water and total fluid intake. During a mean follow‐up of 9.3 years, 513 first primary UCC occurred. At recruitment, habitual fluid intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable hazard ratios were estimated using Cox regression stratified by age, sex and center and adjusted for energy intake, smoking status, duration of smoking and lifetime intensity of smoking. When using the lowest tertile of intake as reference, total fluid intake was not associated with risk of all UCC (HR 1.12; 95%CI 0.86–1.45, p‐trend = 0.42) or with risk of prognostically high‐risk UCC (HR 1.28; 95%CI 0.85–1.93, p‐trend = 0.27) or prognostically low‐risk UCC (HR 0.93; 95%CI 0.65–1.33, p‐trend = 0.74). No associations were observed between risk of UCC and intake of water, coffee, tea and herbal tea and milk and other dairy beverages. For prognostically low‐risk UCC suggestions of an inverse association with alcoholic beverages and of a positive association with soft drinks were seen. Increased risks were found for all UCC and prognostically low‐risk UCC with higher intake of fruit and vegetable juices. In conclusion, total usual fluid intake is not associated with UCC risk in EPIC. The relationships observed for some fluids may be due to chance, but further investigation of the role of all types of fluid is warranted.
Impact of platinum‐based chemotherapy on circulating nucleic acid levels, protease activities in blood and disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow of ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Wimberger Pauline , Roth Carina , Pantel Klaus , Kasimir‐Bauer Sabine , Kimmig Rainer , Schwarzenbach Heidi
Published: August 2010

There is an unmet need for biomarkers for the prediction and monitoring of anticancer therapies. Here, we measured the concentrations of nucleosomes and DNA, protease and caspase activities in serum of 62 patients with ovarian cancer before and after first‐line carboplatin/taxane‐based chemotherapy and of 28 healthy individuals by Cell Death Detection ELISA, PicoGreen, Protease Fluorescent Detection Kit and Caspase‐Glo®3/7 Assay, respectively. By immunocytochemistry, we analyzed bone marrow (BM) aspirates for disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) using the monoclonal antibody A45‐B/B3. The measurements in blood and BM were correlated to clinical outcome (median follow‐up time: 18 months). Significant correlations between circulating nucleosome and DNA concentrations (p = 0.0001), nucleosome concentrations and caspase activities (p = 0.031) and circulating DNA concentrations and protease activities (p = 0.0001) were detected. Before therapy, the occurrence of DTCs correlated with increasing serum protease activities (p = 0.030) and higher tumor stages (p = 0.029), and after therapy, it correlated with a higher risk of relapse (p = 0.040). Higher protease activities in serum were associated with advanced tumor stages (p = 0.045). We observed a significant relationship between residual tumor load of >1 cm after primary surgery and serum DNA levels (p = 0.0001), and both parameters were associated with a higher risk of relapse (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.020, respectively) and a poorer overall survival (p = 0.021 and p = 0.010, respectively). These findings suggest that the residual tumor load might contribute to elevated DNA levels in blood. Serum DNA levels together with BM status for DTCs have the potential to become suitable biomarkers to predict the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients undergoing platinum‐based chemotherapy.
T cell recognition of HLA‐A2 restricted tumor antigens is impaired by the oncogene HER2
Authors: Mimura Kousaku , Ando Takashi , Poschke Isabel , Mougiakakos Dimitrios , Johansson C. Christian , Ichikawa Jiro , Okita Riki , Nishimura Michael I. , Handke Diana , Krug Nancy , Choudhury Aniruddha , Seliger Barbara , Kiessling Rolf
Published: August 2010

The HER2 oncogene is frequently over‐expressed in human cancers and a promising target for immune therapy. Previous studies have shown that over‐expression of mouse or rat HER2 leads to markedly reduced levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and molecules of the antigen processing and presentation machinery (APM), thus resulting in a phenotype promoting tumor escape from the immune system. Our study focuses on analyzing the effect of HER2 on MHC class I antigen presentation and sensitivity to tumor‐antigen specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in HLA‐A2.1+ melanoma cell lines. We demonstrate significant inverse correlations both between the expression of HER2 and total MHC class I surface expression as well as between HER2 and HLA‐A2. A significant reduction of HLA‐A2 levels was found when melanoma and carcinoma cell lines were transfected with a human HER2 gene. A signaling‐competent HER2 molecule was crucial for the observed HLA‐A2 down‐regulation, as transfectants expressing high levels of HER2 mutated in the tyrosine signaling domain did not show altered HLA‐A2 expression. Importantly, the human melanoma cell line EST049 demonstrated reduced HER2 and melanoma antigen‐specific recognition by CTLs upon HER2 transfection. In addition, high expression of HER2 prevented both IFN‐γ mediated HLA‐A2 up‐regulation and improved recognition by HLA‐A2‐restricted CTLs in treated cells. Moreover, key APM molecules were down‐regulated by HER2. These findings implicate that HER2 over‐expressing tumors may be more prone to escape from HLA‐A2 restricted CTLs suggesting that immunotherapy approaches inducing an integrated humoral, cellular and innate immune response would be most effective.
Real-time measurement of solute transport within the lacunar-canalicular system of mechanically loaded bone: Direct evidence for load-induced fluid flow
Authors: Price Christopher , Zhou Xiaozhou , Li Wen , Wang Liyun
Published: August 2010

Since proposed by Piekarski and Munro in 1977, load-induced fluid flow through the bone lacunar-canalicular system (LCS) has been accepted as critical for bone metabolism, mechanotransduction, and adaptation. However, direct unequivocal observation and quantification of load-induced fluid and solute convection through the LCS have been lacking due to technical difficulties. Using a novel experimental approach based on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and synchronized mechanical loading and imaging, we successfully quantified the diffusive and convective transport of a small fluorescent tracer (sodium fluorescein, 376 Da) in the bone LCS of adult male C57BL/6J mice. We demonstrated that cyclic end-compression of the mouse tibia with a moderate loading magnitude (–3 N peak load or 400 µε surface strain at 0.5 Hz) and a 4-second rest/imaging window inserted between adjacent load cycles significantly enhanced (+31%) the transport of sodium fluorescein through the LCS compared with diffusion alone. Using an anatomically based three-compartment transport model, the peak canalicular fluid velocity in the loaded bone was predicted (60 µm/s), and the resulting peak shear stress at the osteocyte process membrane was estimated (∼5 Pa). This study convincingly demonstrated the presence of load-induced convection in mechanically loaded bone. The combined experimental and mathematical approach presented herein represents an important advance in quantifying the microfluidic environment experienced by osteocytes in situ and provides a foundation for further studying the mechanisms by which mechanical stimulation modulates osteocytic cellular responses, which will inform basic bone biology, clinical understanding of osteoporosis and bone loss, and the rational engineering of their treatments. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Low-trauma fractures indicate increased risk of hip fracture in frail older people
Authors: Chen Jian Sheng , Cameron Ian D , Simpson Judy M , Seibel Markus J , March Lyn M , Cumming Robert G , Lord Stephen R , Sambrook Philip N
Published: August 2010

This study aims to investigate the risk of subsequent fractures after low-trauma fracture in frail older people. A total of 1412 elderly residents (mean age 86.2 years, SD 7.0 years, female 77%) were recruited from aged care facilities in Australia. Residents were assessed and then followed for any fracture for 2 years and hip fractures for at least 5 years. Residents with and without a newly acquired fracture in the first 2 years were compared for risk of subsequent hip fracture. Residents with a nonhip fracture in the first 2 years had an increased risk of subsequent hip fracture for about 2.5 years, whereas those with a hip fracture had a similar risk over the whole period compared with those with no fracture. During these 2.5 years, 60, 28, and 6 subsequent hip fractures occurred in the nonfracture group (n = 953), the nonhip fracture group (n = 194), and the hip fracture group (n = 101), respectively, resulting in the probability of subsequent hip fracture of 8.0%, 19.9%, and 10.4%, respectively. Compared with the nonfracture group, the hazard ratio (HR) was 2.82 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.73–4.59; p < .001] for the nonhip fracture group and 1.48 (95% CI 0.63–3.49, p = .37) for the hip fracture group after adjusting for age, sex, residence type, calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation, fracture history, weight, lower leg length, immobility, cognitive function, and medications. Frail institutionalized older people with newly acquired fractures are at increased risk of subsequent hip fracture for the next few years. Accordingly, despite their advanced age, they are a high-priority target group to investigate interventions that might reduce the risk of hip fracture. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Relation of age, gender, and bone mass to circulating sclerostin levels in women and men
Authors: Mödder Ulrike I , Hoey Kelley A , Amin Shreyasee , McCready Louise K , Achenbach Sara J , Riggs B Lawrence , Melton L Joseph , Khosla Sundeep
Published: August 2010

Sclerostin is a potent inhibitor of Wnt signaling and bone formation. However, there is currently no information on the relation of circulating sclerostin levels to age, gender, or bone mass in humans. Thus we measured serum sclerostin levels in a population-based sample of 362 women [123 premenopausal, 152 postmenopausal not on estrogen treatment (ET), and 87 postmenopausal on ET] and 318 men, aged 21 to 97 years. Sclerostin levels (mean ± SEM) were significantly higher in men than women (33.3 ± 1.0 pmol/L versus 23.7 ± 0.6 pmol/L, p < .001). In pre- and postmenopausal women not on ET combined (n = 275) as well as in men, sclerostin levels were positively associated with age (r = 0.52 and r = 0.64, respectively, p < .001 for both). Over life, serum sclerostin levels increased by 2.4- and 4.6-fold in the women and men, respectively. Moreover, for a given total-body bone mineral content, elderly subjects (age ≥ 60 years) had higher serum sclerostin levels than younger subjects (ages 20 to 39 years). Our data thus demonstrate that (1) men have higher serum sclerostin levels than women, (2) serum sclerostin levels increase markedly with age, and (3) compared with younger subjects, elderly individuals have higher serum sclerostin levels for a given amount of bone mass. Further studies are needed to define the cause of the age-related increase in serum sclerostin levels in humans as well as the potential role of this increase in mediating the known age-related impairment in bone formation. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.