bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le rôle de la proximité dans l’apprentissage interactif au sein des districts industriels : étude de cas du district de Murano
Authors: Leszczyńska Dorota , Khachlouf Nada
Published: September 2017

Les fondements théoriques sur la proximité au sein des agglomérations industrielles nous amènent à proposer un modèle conceptuel pour comprendre comment la proximité explique l’apprentissage interactif dans les districts industriels. Une étude qualitative, menée auprès de dix fabriques de verre du district de Murano dans la troisième Italie, illustre l’importance du rôle de la proximité sociale, la proximité cognitive et la proximité personnelle dans l’apprentissage interactif. Les résultats montrent qu’une forte proximité sociale et cognitive conjuguée à une faible proximité personnelle influence l’apprentissage entre verriers et maître-verriers dans une perspective de transmission du métier. Inversement, une faible proximité sociale et cognitive, associée à une forte proximité personnelle favorise l’apprentissage entre maître-verriers et artistes/designers dans une perspective de renouvellement du district. Notre recherche souligne la nécessité de considérer la dimension personnelle de la proximité dans les études sur les districts industriels. Cette recherche montre également l’intérêt de considérer le concept de proximité selon une logique dynamique.
Pour une approche intégrée de la transformation digitale tirée par le développement business
Authors: Le Cam Jean-Pierre , Lé Frédéric
Published: September 2017

La transformation digitale est particulièrement complexe et difficile car elle remet en cause la manière dont les organisations fonctionnent. Elle rend également les systèmes d’information existants peu efficaces dans le support opérationnel de l’entreprise qui se transforme. Les équipes dirigeantes sont confrontées à la difficulté d’orchestrer en cohérence un nombre croissant d’initiatives de changements et de transformations profondes. Face à ces défis, nous pensons que seule une approche systémique et globale est susceptible de conduire l’entreprise vers une transformation digitale réussie. Nous décrivons dans cet article une démarche qui a la particularité de mettre en relation une évolution profonde du SI avec de nouveaux modes d’organisation et de mesures de l’entreprise.
Le carré du Changement. Acceptions du changement dans les cultures arabe, chinoise et occidentale
Authors: Autissier David , Johnson Kevin , Moutot Jean-Michel
Published: September 2017

L’analyse comparée de trois livres sur les mécanismes du changement en français, mandarin et arabe avec des auteurs des trois cultures a permis de proposer une définition culturelle du changement dans les cultures arabe, asiatique et occidentale. Les variables constitutives de cette analyse comparée ont été mobilisées pour proposer le carré du changement. C’est un modèle qui permet de décrire de manière culturelle la notion de changement avec un objectif de compréhension et d’action.
Alliances Électorales et Gouvernementales : La Contribution de la Théorie des Jeux Coopératifs à la Science Politique
Authors: Le Breton Michel , Van Der Straeten Karine
Published: September 2017

L’objet de cet article est d’offrir une présentation synthétique des principaux travaux théoriques et empiriques portant sur la formation des coalitions électorales et gouvernementales et utilisant comme socle méthodologique la théorie des jeux coopératifs avec ou sans utilité transférable.
Détachement et corrélation à l’épreuve du français médiéval
Authors: Prévost Sophie
Published: September 2017

Les notions de détachement et de corrélation, qui font débat pour le français moderne, suscitent davantage de questions encore lorsqu’il s’agit du français médiéval. Après avoir souligné les difficultés à manier la notion de détachement pour la langue ancienne, tant du point de vue formel que sémantique, cet article évoque les spécificités, pour la période envisagée, de la relation entre coordination et subordination. En relation avec les notions de coordination et de subordination, et dans une moindre mesure avec celle de détachement, sont ensuite abordées certaines structures corrélatives, dont la forte variation rend difficile l’interprétation du lien entre les deux segments. L’étude s’attache en particulier au rôle de jonction entre propositions qu’assurent certains éléments, et met en évidence l’évolution différenciée de ces structures, vers une intégration syntaxique et sémantique des constituants plus forte pour certaines, vers un relâchement des liens morpho-syntaxiques pour d’autres.
Comparison between different liquid-liquid and solid phase methods of extraction prior to the identification of the phenolic fraction present in olive oil washing wastewater from the two-phase olive oil extraction system
Authors: Jiménez-Herrera S. , Ochando-Pulido J. M. , Martínez-Ferez A.
Published: September 2017

Phenolic compounds from olive mill wastewater (OMW), are characterized by a strong antioxidant activity. At the same time, they represent an environmental problem because they are difficult to degrade. The purpose of this work was to identify these biologically active compounds in the OMW from two-phase olive oil production in order to convert a polluting residue into a source of natural antioxidants. After optimizing the extraction process of phenolic compounds using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid phase extraction (SPE) methods, it was determined that the most appropriate sequence comprised a previous centrifugation to remove the lipid fraction, followed by liquid extraction with ethyl acetate or SPE. The most important compounds identified in olive oil washing wastewater (OOWW) were tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol and succinic acid; whereas the ones in the wastewater derived from the washing of the olives (OWW) were cresol, catechol, 4-methylcatechol, hydrocinnamic acid and p-hydroxy-hydrocinnamic acid.
Modelos evaluativos de Metaliteracy y alfabetización en información como factores de excelencia académica
Authors: Marzal Miguel Ángel , Borges Jussara
Published: September 2017

El trabajo analiza la transformación de la alfabetización en información a partir de la confluencia de las competencias en información con las competencias en comunicación. Esta confluencia se hace necesaria por el nuevo contexto que en Educación impone la eScience, la Web Social, el aprendizaje colaborativo y la imagen para la formación académica. La alfabetización en información debe coordinarse con la visual literacy, la dataliteracy, la transliteracy, la new media literacy, lo que hace posible el impacto de la metaliteracy en Educación. El trabajo estudia la definición de la metaliteracy en Educación Superior para demostrar la necesidad del diseño de un modelo de evaluación para unas competencias en metaliteracy, por lo que detalla el método de búsqueda de referentes y llegar a la presentación de una estructura de categorías que organicen la propuesta de indicadores apropiados, presentando la propuesta de un modelo de evaluación de competencias para metaliteracy.
Ab Initio Based Modelling of Diffusion and Phase Stability of Alloys
Authors: Wróbel Jan S. , Nguyen-Manh Duc , Kurzydlowski Krzysztof Jan
Published: September 2017

In this chapter, we present the basic principles and methods for modelling of diffusion and phase stability of alloys using ab-initio methods. We review briefly first-principles methods and their most important approximations. The direct and approximated methods of prediction of migration energies are shown both for pure metals and for alloys. The cluster expansion method is described in more detail. We show that it can be applied to understand interactions in the alloys, to generate the representative structures of alloys and to predict migration barriers in alloys. We describe the methods to compute the effective cluster interactions and to assess the accuracy of the model. Finally, we present the examples of Monte Carlo simulations with parameters obtained from cluster expansion method. We show that the ordering in alloys can be predicted by the calculations of Warren-Cowley parameters. We investigate also the role of entropy in the stability of alloys at elevated temperatures.
Development of kairomone-based lures and traps targeting Spilonota ocellana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in apple orchards treated with sex pheromones
Authors: Judd Gary J.R. , Knight Alan. L. , El-Sayed Ashraf M.
Published: September 2017

Spilonota ocellana (Denis and Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) can be a serious pest of organic apples (Malus domestica Borkhausen (Rosaceae)) in British Columbia, Canada. Recent discovery that S. ocellana moths are attracted by a lure combining acetic acid (AA) and benzyl nitrile (BN), identified as a caterpillar-induced apple leaf volatile, provides an opportunity to develop bisexual mass-trapping or monitoring systems. Sticky white delta traps baited with benzyl nitrile (10 mg/red rubber septum) and an acetic-acid co-lure (3 mL AA/3-mm open 8-mL vial) caught significantly more moths than either component alone. Acetic-acid co-lures were weakly attractive but benzyl-nitrile-loaded septa were not attractive. Moth catches with AA+BN lures were unaffected by the size and type of rubber septum used to release benzyl nitrile, but catches increased with increasing loads of benzyl nitrile. Male and total moth catches were maximised using membrane release devices loaded with a mixture of benzyl nitrile and a second caterpillar-induced volatile, 2-phenylethanol (PET), in combination with an acetic-acid co-lure (AA+BN-PET). Female catches with AA+BN-PET and AA+BN lures were equivalent. Placing AA+BN lures in traps baited with female sex pheromone lures reduced male catches, but female catches were unchanged. When sticky liners were replaced weekly, white delta traps baited with AA+BN lures caught more moths than similarly baited white Multipher®-I bucket traps, or transparent UnitrapsTM. Multipher-I traps with a propylene glycol killing agent (250 mL) caught more moths than those with Vapona insecticide strips. In apple orchards treated with mating disruption sex pheromones, traps baited with AA+BN caught slightly more total moths than traps baited with sex pheromone. Weekly, total male+female moth catches with either AA+BN or sex pheromone lures showed similar seasonal patterns in both untreated and pheromone-disrupted orchards, respectively. Long-lasting release devices and an organic killing agent are needed to develop certified organic mass-trapping technologies for management of S. ocellana with the AA+BN kairomone.
Corrigendum: Uterine artery embolisation as an effective choice for symptomatic fibroids: Five-year outcome
Authors: Rischbieter Paul , Sinclair Christine , Lawson Andrew , Ahmad Samia
Published: September 2017

No abstract available.
Should We Continue to Use Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis for Critically Ill Patients?
Authors: Yamashita Sharon , Duffett Mark
Published: September 2017

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The Past, the Present, and a Very Bright Future
Authors: Pearson Glen J
Published: September 2017

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Ice-nucleating particles in Canadian Arctic sea-surface microlayer and bulk seawater
Authors: Irish Victoria E. , Elizondo Pablo , Chen Jessie , Chou Cédric , Charette Joannie , Lizotte Martine , Ladino Luis A. , Wilson Theodore W. , Gosselin Michel , Murray Benjamin J. , Polishchuk Elena , Abbatt Jonathan P. D. , Miller Lisa A. , Bertram Allan K.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The sea-surface microlayer and bulk seawater can contain ice-nucleating particles (INPs) and these INPs can be emitted into the atmosphere. Our current understanding of the properties, concentrations, and spatial and temporal distributions of INPs in the microlayer and bulk seawater is limited. In this study we investigate the concentrations and properties of INPs in microlayer and bulk seawater samples collected in the Canadian Arctic during the summer of 2014. INPs were ubiquitous in the microlayer and bulk seawater with freezing temperatures in the immersion mode as high as −14 °C. A strong negative correlation (R = −0. 7, p = 0. 02) was observed between salinity and freezing temperatures (after correction for freezing depression by the salts). One possible explanation is that INPs were associated with melting sea ice. Heat and filtration treatments of the samples show that the INPs were likely heat-labile biological materials with sizes between 0.02 and 0.2 µm in diameter, consistent with previous measurements off the coast of North America and near Greenland in the Arctic. The concentrations of INPs in the microlayer and bulk seawater were consistent with previous measurements at several other locations off the coast of North America. However, our average microlayer concentration was lower than previous observations made near Greenland in the Arctic. This difference could not be explained by chlorophyll a concentrations derived from satellite measurements. In addition, previous studies found significant INP enrichment in the microlayer, relative to bulk seawater, which we did not observe in this study. While further studies are needed to understand these differences, we confirm that there is a source of INP in the microlayer and bulk seawater in the Canadian Arctic that may be important for atmospheric INP concentrations.
Multi-year comparisons of ground-based and space-borne Fourier transform spectrometers in the high Arctic between 2006 and 2013
Authors: Griffin Debora , Walker Kaley A. , Conway Stephanie , Kolonjari Felicia , Strong Kimberly , Batchelor Rebecca , Boone Chris D. , Dan Lin , Drummond James R. , Fogal Pierre F. , Fu Dejian , Lindenmaier Rodica , Manney Gloria L. , Weaver Dan
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This paper presents 8 years (2006–2013) of measurements obtained from Fourier transform spectrometers (FTSs) in the high Arctic at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL; 80.05° N, 86.42° W). These measurements were taken as part of the Canadian Arctic ACE (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment) validation campaigns that have been carried out since 2004 during the polar sunrise period (from mid-February to mid-April). Each spring, two ground-based FTSs were used to measure total and partial columns of HF, O3, and trace gases that impact O3 depletion, namely, HCl and HNO3. Additionally, some tropospheric greenhouse gases and pollutant species were measured, namely CH4, N2O, CO, and C2H6. During the same time period, the satellite-based ACE-FTS made measurements near Eureka and provided profiles of the same trace gases. Comparisons have been carried out between the measurements from the Portable Atmospheric Research Interferometric Spectrometer for the InfraRed (PARIS-IR) and the co-located high-resolution Bruker 125HR FTS, as well as with the latest version of the ACE-FTS retrievals (v3.5). The total column comparison between the two co-located ground-based FTSs, PARIS-IR and Bruker 125HR, found very good agreement for most of these species (except HF), with differences well below the estimated uncertainties ( ≤ 6  %) and with high correlations (R ≥ 0. 8). Partial columns have been used for the ground-based to space-borne comparison, with coincident measurements selected based on time, distance, and scaled potential vorticity (sPV). The comparisons of the ground-based measurements with ACE-FTS show good agreement in the partial columns for most species within 6  % (except for C2H6 and PARIS-IR HF), which is consistent with the total retrieval uncertainty of the ground-based instruments. The correlation coefficients (R) of the partial column comparisons for all eight species range from approximately 0.75 to 0.95. The comparisons show no notable increases of the mean differences over these 8 years, indicating the consistency of these datasets and suggesting that the space-borne ACE-FTS measurements have been stable over this period. In addition, changes in the amounts of these trace gases during springtime between 2006 and 2013 are presented and discussed. Increased O3 (0. 9  %  yr−1), HCl (1. 7  %  yr−1), HF (3. 8  %  yr−1), CH4 (0.5  % yr−1), and C2H6 (2. 3 % yr−1, 2009–2013) have been found with the PARIS-IR dataset, the longer of the two ground-based records.
Reviews and syntheses: Ice acidification, the effects of ocean acidification on sea ice microbial communities
Authors: McMinn Andrew
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Sea ice algae, like some coastal and estuarine phytoplankton, are naturally exposed to a wider range of pH and CO2 concentrations than those in open marine seas. While climate change and ocean acidification (OA) will impact pelagic communities, their effects on sea ice microbial communities remain unclear. Sea ice contains several distinct microbial communities, which are exposed to differing environmental conditions depending on their depth within the ice. Bottom communities mostly experience relatively benign bulk ocean properties, while interior brine and surface (infiltration) communities experience much greater extremes. Most OA studies have examined the impacts on single sea ice algae species in culture. Although some studies examined the effects of OA alone, most examined the effects of OA and either light, nutrients or temperature. With few exceptions, increased CO2 concentration caused either no change or an increase in growth and/or photosynthesis. In situ studies on brine and surface algae also demonstrated a wide tolerance to increased and decreased pH and showed increased growth at higher CO2 concentrations. The short time period of most experiments (< 10 days), together with limited genetic diversity (i.e. use of only a single strain), however, has been identified as a limitation to a broader interpretation of the results. While there have been few studies on the effects of OA on the growth of marine bacterial communities in general, impacts appear to be minimal. In sea ice also, the few reports available suggest no negative impacts on bacterial growth or community richness. Sea ice ecosystems are ephemeral, melting and re-forming each year. Thus, for some part of each year organisms inhabiting the ice must also survive outside of the ice, either as part of the phytoplankton or as resting spores on the bottom. During these times, they will be exposed to the full range of co-stressors that pelagic organisms experience. Their ability to continue to make a major contribution to sea ice productivity will depend not only on their ability to survive in the ice but also on their ability to survive the increasing seawater temperatures, changing distribution of nutrients and declining pH forecast for the water column over the next centuries.
Holocene dynamics in the Bering Strait inflow to the Arctic and the Beaufort Gyre circulation based on sedimentary records from the Chukchi Sea
Authors: Yamamoto Masanobu , Nam Seung-Il , Polyak Leonid , Kobayashi Daisuke , Suzuki Kenta , Irino Tomohisa , Shimada Koji
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The Beaufort Gyre (BG) and the Bering Strait inflow (BSI) are important elements of the Arctic Ocean circulation system and major controls on the distribution of Arctic sea ice. We report records of the quartz ∕ feldspar and chlorite ∕ illite ratios in three sediment cores from the northern Chukchi Sea, providing insights into the long-term dynamics of the BG circulation and the BSI during the Holocene. The quartz ∕ feldspar ratio, interpreted as a proxy of the BG strength, gradually decreased during the Holocene, suggesting a long-term decline in the BG strength, consistent with an orbitally controlled decrease in summer insolation. We propose that the BG rotation weakened as a result of the increasing stability of sea-ice cover at the margins of the Canada Basin, driven by decreasing insolation. Millennial to multi-centennial variability in the quartz ∕ feldspar ratio (the BG circulation) is consistent with fluctuations in solar irradiance, suggesting that solar activity affected the BG strength on these timescales. The BSI approximation by the chlorite ∕ illite record, despite a considerable geographic variability, consistently shows intensified flow from the Bering Sea to the Arctic during the middle Holocene, which is attributed primarily to the effect of higher atmospheric pressure over the Aleutian Basin. The intensified BSI was associated with decrease in sea-ice concentrations and increase in marine production, as indicated by biomarker concentrations, suggesting a major influence of the BSI on sea-ice and biological conditions in the Chukchi Sea. Multi-century to millennial fluctuations, presumably controlled by solar activity, were also identified in a proxy-based BSI record characterized by the highest age resolution.
The Usumacinta–Grijalva beach-ridge plain in southern Mexico: a high-resolution archive of river discharge and precipitation
Authors: Nooren Kees , Hoek Wim Z. , Winkels Tim , Huizinga Annika , Van der Plicht Hans , Van Dam Remke L. , Van Heteren Sytze , Van Bergen Manfred J. , Prins Maarten A. , Reimann Tony , Wallinga Jakob , Cohen Kim M. , Minderhoud Philip , Middelkoop Hans
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The beach-ridge sequence of the Usumacinta–Grijalva delta borders a 300 km long section of the southern Gulf of Mexico coast. With around 500 beach ridges formed in the last 6500 years, the sequence is unsurpassed in the world in terms of numbers of individual ridges preserved, continuity of the record, and temporal resolution. We mapped and dated the most extensively accreted part of the sequence, linking six phases of accretion to river mouth reconfigurations and constraining their ages with 14C and OSL dating. The geomorphological and sedimentological reconstruction relied on lidar data, coring transects, GPR measurements, grain-size analyses, and chemical fingerprinting of volcanic glass and pumice encountered within the beach and dune deposits. We demonstrate that the beach-ridge complex was formed under ample long-term fluvial sediment supply and shorter-term wave- and aeolian-modulated sediment reworking. The abundance of fluvially supplied sand is explained by the presence of easily weatherable Los Chocoyos ignimbrites from the ca. 84 ka eruption of the Atitlán volcano (Guatemala) in the catchment of the Usumacinta River. Autocyclic processes seem responsible for the formation of ridge–swale couplets. Fluctuations in their periodicity (ranging from 6–19 years) are governed by progradation rate, and are therefore not indicative of sea level fluctuations or variability in storm activity. The fine sandy beach ridges are mainly swash built. Ridge elevation, however, is strongly influenced by aeolian accretion during the time the ridge is located next to the beach. Beach-ridge elevation is negatively correlated with progradation rate, which we relate to the variability in sediment supply to the coastal zone, reflecting decadal-scale precipitation changes within the river catchment. In the southern Mexican delta plain, the coastal beach ridges therefore appear to be excellent recorders of hinterland precipitation.
Large-scale vegetation responses to terrestrial moisture storage changes
Authors: Andrew Robert L. , Guan Huade , Batelaan Okke
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) is a useful tool for studying vegetation activity and ecosystem performance at a large spatial scale. In this study we use the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) total water storage (TWS) estimates to examine temporal variability of the NDVI across Australia. We aim to demonstrate a new method that reveals the moisture dependence of vegetation cover at different temporal resolutions. Time series of monthly GRACE TWS anomalies are decomposed into different temporal frequencies using a discrete wavelet transform and analysed against time series of the NDVI anomalies in a stepwise regression. The results show that combinations of different frequencies of decomposed GRACE TWS data explain NDVI temporal variations better than raw GRACE TWS alone. Generally, the NDVI appears to be more sensitive to interannual changes in water storage than shorter changes, though grassland-dominated areas are sensitive to higher-frequencies of water-storage changes. Different types of vegetation, defined by areas of land use type, show distinct differences in how they respond to the changes in water storage, which is generally consistent with our physical understanding. This unique method provides useful insight into how the NDVI is affected by changes in water storage at different temporal scales across land use types.
Brief communication: Accuracy of the fallen blocks volume-frequency law
Authors: De Biagi Valerio
Published: September 2017

Abstract. De Biagi et al. (2017) have proposed a procedure for building a fallen block volume-frequency law for rockfall phenomenon. The input data are from both the recording of rockfall events and from the survey of fallen block volumes. The epistemic and aleatoric uncertainties present in the approach affect the value of the parameters of the law. It is shown how to quantify the errors due to missed events, to an observation period of finite duration and to a limited set of measured blocks. At the end, the procedure outputs corrective parameters to compute a design volume for rockfall analysis and engineering calculations.
Modelling radiative transfer through ponded first-year Arctic sea ice with a plane-parallel model
Authors: Taskjelle Torbjørn , Hudson Stephen R. , Granskog Mats A. , Hamre Børge
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Under-ice irradiance measurements were done on ponded first-year pack ice along three transects during the ICE12 expedition north of Svalbard. Bulk transmittances (400–900 nm) were found to be on average 0.15–0.20 under bare ice, and 0.39–0.46 under ponded ice. Radiative transfer modelling was done with a plane-parallel model. While simulated transmittances deviate significantly from measured transmittances close to the edge of ponds, spatially averaged bulk transmittances agree well. That is, transect-average bulk transmittances, calculated using typical simulated transmittances for ponded and bare ice weighted by the fractional coverage of the two surface types, are in good agreement with the measured values. Radiative heating rates calculated from model output indicates that about 20 % of the incident solar energy is absorbed in bare ice, and 50 % in ponded ice (35 % in pond itself, 15 % in the underlying ice). This large difference is due to the highly scattering surface scattering layer (SSL) increasing the albedo of the bare ice.
III. Otras voces: mujeres, historieta y cine
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: September 2017

La ciencia ficción en América Latina. Aproximaciones teóricas al imaginario de la experimentación cultural.
IV. Reseñas
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: September 2017

La ciencia ficción en América Latina. Aproximaciones teóricas al imaginario de la experimentación cultural.
Indicadores alternativos de la actividad científica de la Universidad Central « Marta Abreu » de Las Villas en la Web 2.0
Authors: Céspedes Villegas Alejandor , Peralta González María Josefa , Paz Enrique Luis Ernesto
Published: September 2017

En la actualidad a raíz del uso de la Web 2.0 con fines académicos se han generado indicadores alternativos para medir la producción científica en estas nuevas plataformas. En la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas se identifica una presencia considerable de profesionales que hace uso intensivo de las redes sociales y académicas con la finalidad de compartir su producción científica y favorecer la visibilidad de la misma. En el centro de educación superior se desconoce la visibilidad e impacto científico alcanzado por sus usuarios en las redes sociales y plataformas de la Web 2.0. Se plantean como objetivo del estudio describir la actividad científica de la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas en la Web 2.0, mediante los indicadores alternativos. Para la obtención de resultados se emplean métodos en los niveles teórico y empírico, destacándose el método bibliométrico. Se identifican los usuarios que cuentan con mayor número de publicaciones, citas y leídos dentro de las redes sociales y académicas Research Gate, Google Scholar y se realizan comparaciones con los resultados obtenidos en ambas plataformas.
Existence and multiplicity results for a class of Kirchho type problems involving the p(x)-biharmonic operator
Authors: Darhouche Omar
Published: September 2017

The aim of this paper is to establish the existence and multiplicity of solutions for a class of nonlocal problem involving the p(x)-biharmonic operator. Our technical approach is based on direct variational method and the theory of variable exponent Sobolev spaces.
Thermal Degradation Analysis on 4-year-old Culms of Cultivated Tropical Bamboo Bambusa Vulgaris
Authors: Wahab Razak , Mustafa Mohd Tamizi , Fauzi Norashikin , Samsi Hashim
Published: September 2017

The thermal degradation of matured 4-year-old culms of cultivated tropical bamboo Bambusa vulgariswas studied and analyzed. The analysis using the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis revealed the presence of basic functional groups in the bamboo which consists mainly of ester, carbonyl, and hydroxyl groups. The chemicals present in the bamboo vary depending on the location of the samples taken from the bamboo culms. The moisture content and extractive were omitted in the kinetic study since theyconstituted less than 10% of the overall chemicals in bamboo and observed below 100℃. Low reactivity of lignin components and hemicellulose in bamboo occurred due to the peculiarities of the chemical structure and composition. The mechanism of the decomposition reactions taken as a three-step reaction which involved the activation energies and dynamics related to volatile fractions of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. Activation energies of 46, 100, 105, 127, and 236 kJ/molapplied for all of the bamboos. The activation energy carried could provide better insight into the thermal decomposition process. It provides more information on critical energy needed to start a reaction. The decomposition activation energy range obtained could assist in understanding the thermal decomposition stability of the bamboo fibers and application in natural fiber reinforced polymer composite industry.
Long-term intraocular pressure after combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy in glaucoma associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome
Authors: Sood Devindra , Rathore Aanchal , Sood Ishaana , Kumar Dinesh , Sood Narender N.
Published: September 2017

Purpose:

Vision loss in Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), a rare congenital disorder, is primarily due to glaucoma.

Methods:

We reviewed the data of all consecutive SWS-associated glaucoma cases in patients who had undergone combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy (CTT) at a tertiary glaucoma facility between January 1993 and December 2015. We analyzed the preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal clarity, visual acuity, success rate, need for repeat surgery, and number of topical antiglaucoma medications needed at last follow-up.

Results:

Twenty-six eyes of 20 patients with SWS (surgical age 0.7-96 months; mean 18.64 ± 29.74 months) had undergone primary CTT. The mean preoperative IOP was 32.76 ± 7.86 mm Hg (range 22-54 mm Hg) with medication (mean 3.11 ± 1.17; range 1-5). At the last follow-up (61-288 months); mean SD 134.73 ± 67.77 months), two eyes had IOP <6 mm Hg. Twenty-four eyes analyzed had an IOP of 13.63 ± 6.11 (mean ± SD; range 9-41) mm Hg. All these had an IOP <15 mm Hg at last follow-up except one, which had an IOP of 41 mm Hg. There was a mean reduction of 54.62% ± 31.33% in IOP from baseline. The antiglaucoma medication score at last follow-up visit was 0-3. No eye achieved predefined complete success or modified complete success. A total of 41.7% (10/24) of eyes attained both qualified and modified qualified success. Eleven eyes needed repeat surgeries. No intraoperative complications were noted. Visual acuity was below 6/60 in four eyes.

Conclusions:

Combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy showed promising results as a treatment for SWS-associated glaucoma in children. Long-term visual and surgical outcomes are encouraging.
The effect of strabismus surgery on choroidal thickness
Authors: Inan Kamil , Niyaz Leyla
Published: September 2017

Purpose:

To determine the effects of strabismus surgery on choroidal thickness.

Methods:

This was a prospective randomized study. The measurements of subfoveal and macular choroidal thickness of patients who underwent strabismus surgery were obtained by enhanced depth imaging optic coherence tomography. The patients were grouped as patients who had 1 horizontal muscle surgery (group 1), 1 oblique muscle surgery (group 2), 2 horizontal muscle surgeries (group 3), or 1 horizontal and 1 oblique muscle surgery (group 4). Choroidal thickness of the patients was measured preoperatively and on the postoperative first day, second week, first month, and third month. Choroidal thickness was measured at subfoveal area (S) and at the nasal (N1, N2) and temporal (T1, T2) fovea with 500-μm intervals.

Results:

The average age of the 37 patients was 15.59 ± 13.84 years. In preoperative and postoperative first day comparison, a decrease in choroidal thickness was found in all areas in group 1. In group 2, a significant decrease was found in N2, N1, and S values. In group 3, a significant decrease was found in N2, N1, and T2 values. In group 4, a significant decrease was found in N1 value. The second week comparison of all groups showed significant postoperative decrease in choroidal thickness in all areas. On the postoperative first month, a significant decrease in choroidal thickness was found only in the subfoveal area of group 1 and the N1 area of group 2. At the postoperative third month, there was no change in any group.

Conclusions:

Strabismus surgery causes a decrease in choroidal thickness in the early postoperative period.
A comparative study of the visual outcomes between a new trifocal and an extended depth of focus intraocular lens
Authors: Ruiz-Mesa Ramón , Abengózar-Vela Antonio , Ruiz-Santos María
Published: September 2017

Purpose:

To evaluate and compare the visual outcomes and ocular optical performance of the PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) and Symfony extended range of vision IOL.

Methods:

Sixty-eight eyes of 34 patients were divided into 2 groups: 20 patients with the PanOptix IOL and 14 patients with the Symfony IOL. Binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity, best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (DCIVA) at 80 and 60 cm, and distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) at 40 cm were evaluated. Additionally, preferred reading distance with best-corrected distance and visual acuity at that distance, binocular defocus curves, mesopic and photopic contrast sensitivity, photic phenomena, and monocular total higher order aberrations (HOAs) were also measured.

Results:

The visual outcomes for PanOptix and Symfony IOL groups, respectively, were as follows: BCDVA: -0.03 ± 0.03 and -0.02 ± 0.03 logMAR; DCIVA at 80 cm: 0.06 ± 0.06 and 0.06 ± 0.04 logMAR; DCIVA at 60 cm: 0.06 ± 0.10 and 0.05 ± 0.04 logMAR; DCNVA: 0.04 ± 0.06 and 0.20 ± 0.07 logMAR (p<0.001). Similar preferred reading distances were found for both groups (37.0 ± 4.6 and 38.9 ± 5.7 cm, respectively). The visual acuities at those distances were 0.09 ± 0.08 and 0.19 ± 0.08 logMAR (p<0.001), respectively. The defocus curves showed significantly better outcomes for the PanOptix IOL from -2.0 to -4.0 D (p<0.001). No significant differences were found for contrast sensitivity, halometry, or HOAs between the groups.

Conclusions:

The PanOptix and Symfony IOLs showed comparable visual performance at distance and intermediate. However, the PanOptix IOL provided better near and preferred reading distance VAs and showed a more continuous range of vision than the Symfony IOL.
Differential Diagnosis of Alterations in Arterial Flow and Tissue Oxygenation on Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Hofer Anna , Leitner Sylvia , Kreuzer Michaela , Meier Jens
Published: September 2017

Background

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) may be life-saving in several clinical situations, but it is also one of the most invasive therapeutic procedures, with significant potential for life-threatening complications. Pulse pressure waves are typically very small or even absent at the onset of ECMO therapy, and will reappear with the improvement of cardiac function. A low pulse pressure may indicate low cardiac output due to heart failure during sustained ECMO support. A sudden loss of pulse pressure during ECMO therapy, however, may reveal complications like pericardial tamponade, hemothorax or pneumothorax. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been shown to be useful in detecting cerebral and lower limb ischemic events during ECMO therapy and could furthermore improve differential diagnosis in the event pulsatility of the arterial pressure trace is lost.

Methods

We are reporting on 3 different complications of ECMO and their impact on arterial pulse pressure, arterial oxygen tension and regional tissue oxygenation measured by NIRS.

Results

Pericardial hematoma, overinflation of the lung, and tension pneumothorax may impede cardiac output during VA-ECMO and cause a loss of pulse pressure. Monitoring of regional tissue oxygenation using NIRS, in addition to arterial and mixed venous oxygen tension, may allow early recognition and treatment of ECMO complications.

Conclusions

Together with the appearance of a flat, non pulsatile arterial pressure trace as well as a reduction in mixed venous oxygen saturation the improvement of upper body rSO2 measured by NIRS enables timely recognition of complications that interfere with natural cardiac output during VA-ECMO.
What is the Best Setting for Receiving Dialysis Vascular access Repair and Maintenance Services?
Authors: El-Gamil Audrey M. , Dobson Al , Manolov Nikolay , DaVanzo Joan E. , Beathard Gerald A. , Foust Litchfield Terry , Cowin Brook
Published: September 2017

Introduction

Advances in dialysis vascular access (DVA) management have changed where beneficiaries receive this care. The effectiveness, safety, quality, and economy of different care settings have been questioned. This study compares patient outcomes of receiving DVA services in the freestanding office-based center (FOC) to those of the hospital outpatient department (HOPD). It also examines whether outcomes differ for a centrally managed system of FOCs (CMFOC) compared to all other FOCs (AOFOC).

Methods

Retrospective cohort study of clinically and demographically similar patients within Medicare claims available through United States Renal Data System (USRDS) (2010-2013) who received at least 80% of DVA services in an FOC (n = 80,831) or HOPD (n = 133,965). Separately, FOC population is divided into CMFOC (n = 20,802) and AOFOC (n = 80,267). Propensity matching was used to control for clinical, demographic, and functional characteristics across populations.

Results

FOC patients experienced significantly better outcomes, including lower annual mortality (14.6% vs. 17.2%, p<0.001) and DVA-related infections (0.16 vs. 0.20, p<0.001), fewer hospitalizations (1.65 vs. 1.91, p<0.001), and lower total per-member-per-month (PMPM) payments ($5042 vs. $5361, p<0.001) than HOPD patients. CMFOC patients had lower annual mortality (12.5% vs. 13.8%, p<0.001), PMPM payments (DVA services) ($1486 vs. $1533, p<0.001) and hospitalizations ($1752 vs. $1816, p<0.001) than AOFOC patients.

Conclusions

Where nephrologists send patients for DVA services can impact patient clinical and economic outcomes. This research confirmed that patients who received DVA care in the FOC had better outcomes than those treated in the HOPD. The organizational culture and clinical oversight of the CMFOC may result in more favorable outcomes than receiving care in AOFOC.
Up-regulated HMGB1 in the pleural effusion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients reduces the chemosensitivity of NSCLC cells
Authors: Ma Ying , Kang Shirong , Wu Xu , Han Bateer , Jin Zhiyong , Guo Zhanlin
Published: September 2017

Background:

Pleural effusion is one of the complications of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). High mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) correlates highly with invasion and metastasis in multiple tumors. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical value of HMGB1 in NSCLC patients, and to investigate the role of HMGB1 in the development of pleural effusion. In addition, we also investigated the regulatory role of HMGB1 in the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cisplatin.

Methods:

46 NSCLC malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and 31 benign pleural effusion samples were quantitatively analyzed with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for cytokines, such as IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and HMGB1. The HMGB1 expression in NSCLC tissues was examined with RT-qPCR and western blotting methods. Then the influence by HMGB1 on the chemosensitivity of lung cancer A549 cells was examined with MTT assay and colony forming assay for the A549 cells post the treatment with cisplatin or (and) HMGB1.

Results:

The results demonstrated that HMGB1 was up-regulated in the pleural effusion of NSCLC patients, along with the up-regulated levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8. And the up-regulation of HMGB1 was confirmed at both the mRNA and protein levels in the NSCLC tissues. Recombinant HMGB1 reduced the sensitivity of A549 cells to cisplatin in vitro.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, HMGB1 was up-regulated in the pleural effusion and tumor tissues of NSCLC patients. HMGB1 reduced the sensitivity of NSCLC A549 cells to cisplatin in vitro.
O substancialismo jurídico na administração pública concretista de direitos fundamentais: a juridicidade administrativa como instrumento de justiça constitucional | Legal “substantialism” in public administration concretist of fundamental rights: The administrative legality as a constitutional instrument of Justice
Authors: Dezan Sandro Lúcio , Cunha Ricarlos Almagro Vitoriano
Published: September 2017

Resumo: o presente texto tem por finalidade definir o papel da Administração Pública na interpretação e na aplicação do texto constitucional, no que respeita à concreção de direitos fundamentais em países de modernidade tardia, sob o amparo da tensão existente entre o que se denominou de procedimentalismo e de substancialismo jurídico. Busca-se, em linhas iniciais abordar os contornos da tendência de legitimação da função jurídica administrativa de caráter constitucional contramajoritário, a aferir uma nova e importante tarefa ao Estado-executivo, para além de sua comum concepção de “fiel executor da lei”, de modo a concluir que a justiça constitucional envolve a jurisdição (por meio do Poder Judiciário) e a juridicidade (por meio da Administração Pública). Sob essa última perspectiva, busca-se assinalar que a aplicação e concreção do direito também é tarefa da Administração Pública, no âmbito de sua função atípica decisional, ditada pelo próprio texto constitucional, legitimador e impositivo das ações valorativas substanciais no âmbito do Estado Democrático de Direito.

Palavras-chave: Direito Constitucional. Direito Administrativo. Democracia. Princípio da juridicidade administrativa. Procedimentalismo. Substancialismo.

Abstract: The purpose of this text is to define the role of the Public Administration in the interpretation and application of the constitutional text with regard to the realization of fundamental rights in countries of late modernity, under the protection of the tension between what was called “proceduralism” and “legal substantiality”. In an initial line, it seeks to address the contours of the tendency to legitimize the administrative-legal function of a countermajoritarian constitutional character, to assess a new and important task for the Executive State, in addition to its common conception of "faithful executor of the law". In order to conclude that constitutional justice involves jurisdiction (through the Judiciary) and “juridicialism” (through Public Administration). Under this latter perspective, this paper points out that the application and the scope of its atypical decision-making function, dictated by the constitutional text itself, legitimating and imposing substantial value actions within the Democratic State of Law.

Keywords: Administrative Law. Constitutional Law. Democracy. Principle of administrative juridicialism. Proceduralism. Substantialism.
Dinâmica na produção e na diversificação das culturas cultivadas no Espírito Santo de 1970 a 2010
Authors: Ponciano Niraldo José , Castro Joesi De Souza , De Souza Paulo Marcelo , Nogueira Magda Aparecida , Ney Marlon Gomes
Published: September 2017

O trabalho objetivou analisar a dinâmica das principais culturas no Estado do Espírito

Santo, no período de 1970 a 2010. Empregou-se o método shift-share para quantificar variação de área, rendimento, localização geográfica e índices de diversificação de área e de

valor da produção. Constatou-se que houve alterações de área, de produção e de produtividade. Nas quatro décadas analisadas, a cultura do café apresentou maior expansão em

área (148%), com efeitos positivos tanto em escala, quanto em substituição. Enquanto as

culturas de milho, de arroz e de feijão foram as que mais decresceram em área, com efeitos

negativos tanto em escala, quanto em substituição. Suas taxas de produção foram negativas, com redução de efeitos área e de rendimento. O índice de diversificação revelou que

houve concentração de área em poucos produtos.

Palavras-chave: Agricultura capixaba. Diversificação. Efeito área e de rendimento. Método

shift-share.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Performance: Evidence from an Emerging Market
Authors: Akben Selcuk Elif , Kiymaz Halil
Published: September 2017

This study focuses on the relationship between firm performance and corporate social responsibility (CSR) of firms listed on Borsa Istanbul during the period of 2009-2011. We use content analysis of annual reports/websites of Turkish firms for any socially responsible activities. We find a negative relationship between CSR and financial performance, meaning that firms which disclose more information about CSR initiatives in their annual reports have a lower return on assets. After controlling for debt and size of the firms, we further find that while highly levered firms are less profitable, larger firms have higher profits. Finally, we do not find any significant relationships between research and development expenditures and financial performance.
Asielzoekers als (vermeende) daders
Authors: van Wijk Joris , Bolhuis Maarten
Published: September 2017

Asylum seekers as (alleged) perpetrators

This contribution describes the legal basis for revoking or denying a residence status to asylum seekers and individuals in possession of a status who are considered war criminals, ‘common’ criminals or terrorists, in what way the Dutch government tries to identify these persons, and what the nature and size of this group is. The authors conclude that identifying alleged war criminals and jihadists is particularly complex and that there is a tension with respect to the use, necessity and desirability of making available concrete tools in the form of indicators to first line professionals for the purpose of identifying jihadists. The presence of unwanted but unremovable (criminal) asylum seekers is undesirable from the perspective of society. The suggestion is made to provide them, under certain conditions, with a temporary residence status.