bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personalidad internalizante y externalizante y efectos subjetivos en una muestra de adolescentes consumidores de cánnabis
Authors: García-Sánchez Sara , Matalí Josep Lluís , Martín-Fernández María , Pardo Marta , Lleras Maria , Castellano-Tejedor Carmina , Haro Josep Maria
Published: October 2016

El cánnabis es la sustancia ilícita más consumida por los adolescentes. Determinados rasgos de personalidad, como la impulsividad y la búsqueda de sensaciones, así como los efectos subjetivos experimentados tras el consumo (p.e. euforia o relajación), se han identificado como algunos de los principales factores etiológicos de consumo. Este estudio tiene por objetivo categorizar a una muestra de adolescentes consumidores de cánnabis en función de sus rasgos de personalidad más predominantes (perfil internalizante y externalizante) para, posteriormente, realizar una comparación de ambos perfiles a partir de un conjunto de variables asociadas al consumo, la gravedad clínica y los efectos subjetivos experimentados. A partir de un diseño transversal, se reclutaron 173 adolescentes (104 hombres y 69 mujeres) de 13 a 18 años, que demandaron tratamiento por Trastorno por Uso de Cánnabis en la Unidad de Conductas Adictivas (UCAD) del Hospital. Para la evaluación se utilizó un protocolo ad hoc para registrar el consumo, el Inventario Clínico para Adolescentes de Millon (MACI) y la versión abreviada del Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI)-49. El análisis factorial sugirió una solución en 2 perfiles: las escalas Introvertido, Inhibido, Pesimista, Histriónico (-), Egocéntrico (-), Autopunitivo y Tendencia límite forman el perfil internalizante, y las escalas Sumiso (-), Rebelde, Rudo, Conformista (-) y Oposicionista el externalizante. El análisis comparativo mostró que el perfil internalizante presenta mayores niveles de gravedad clínica y reporta más efectos subjetivos que el externalizante. Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de diseñar estrategias de intervención específicas para cada perfil.
A Review and Extension of Existing Consistency Tests for PVT Data From a Laboratory
Authors: Potsch K.. , Toplack P.. , Gumpenberger T..
Published: October 2016

Any calculation of the phase behavior of a reservoir fluid from the reservoir to the refinery requires prior knowledge of the fluid's physical properties. Because the necessary pressure–volume–temperature (PVT) experiments are not free of systematic and random errors, the engineer involved in using fluid models is advised to check the fluid properties determined by the laboratory before application in their simulation models. This paper is designed to provide a guideline for how to obtain reliable and consistent PVT data from a laboratory. In addition, it reviews and extends existing consistency checks with a critical focus on the Y-function. Its applicability is limited to the two-phase region of a reservoir fluid. As it turns out, the Y-function can be applied not only to the constant-composition experiment (CCE) of black oil (BO), but also for the same experiment with a gas-condensate (GC). Furthermore, we show that the Y-function is a useful tool for the evaluation of the differential-liberation experiment (DLE, BO) and the constant-volume depletion (CVD, GC). In all these cases, the shape of this function is close to a straight line. After the Y-function is properly set up, it is possible to estimate the quality of the CCE and the DLE for the BO case and CCE and CVD for the GC. The second part of the review is devoted to explaining the role of the solution gas in BO, because both the formation volume factor (FVF) Bo and the oil viscosity μo are affected by the amount of solution gas. Helpful functions for estimates and consistency checks are given. In addition, estimates for the isothermal compressibility and the isobaric expansion of oil are presented.
Avaliação do Ciclo de Aprendizagem Vivencial em uma Cooperativa Agropecuária
Authors: Alves William Moreira , Da Silva Guilherme Luis Rosa , Protil Roberto Max , Albino Pablo Murta Baião
Published: October 2016

Este trabalho teve o intuito de avaliar a aplicação de jogos de empresa e a utilização da metodologia do CAV- Ciclo de Aprendizagem vivencial, junto aos cooperados e funcionários da COOCAFÉ - Cooperativa dos Cafeicultores da Região de Lajinha-MG. Na interpretação dos resultados foi utilizado o método DSC -Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, que permitiu sintetizar as informações dos participantes referentes à prática dos jogos de empresas e do CAV ao transmitir as concepções das atividades realizadas por meio de discursos. O CAV possibilitou aos integrantes compartilhar o conhecimento adquirido com a aplicação do jogo de empresas e de demonstrarem seus diferentes pontos de vistas e sentimentos sobre as atividades realizadas. Inseridos em um ambiente de interação e espontaneidade os participantes puderam expor suas opiniões, desenvolver conhecimentos compartilhados e por fim enriquecer o curso através de um aprendizado coletivo.
Organização social e produtiva: a ação extensionista na cooperativa de pescadores de Xambioá/TO
Authors: De Souza Maria Rosiane , Milagres Cleiton Silva Ferreira , Itoz Clarete De , Brito Fernanda Pereira de , Sousa Diego Neves de , Petarly Renata Rauta
Published: October 2016

O presente relato descreve as atividades de extensão universitária realizadas numa cooperativa de pescadores por meio de ações desenvolvidas com o apoio da bolsa PIBEX/UFT e que resultou na aplicação de práticas e ferramentas de gestão que pudessem contribuir no fortalecimento do empreendimento coletivo beneficiado pelo processo de intervenção. Durante as oficinas os pescadores mostraram suas experiências do cotidiano e, por intermédio dessas informações, foram desenvolvidos exemplos e solução de exercícios práticos de acordo com a realidade descrita por eles. A metodologia utilizada nas oficinas foi aquela que melhor aproximasse o saber universitário à realidade dos pescadores, por isso buscou-se na interação, inicialmente ouvi-los para posterior aplicação da proposta da oficina. Os resultados da ação extensionista foram positivos, uma vez que se promoveu a inserção da academia na realidade social da comunidade de forma ativa e participativa. Por meio da ação extensionista, foi possível acompanhar o desempenho de cada pescador artesanal na atividade pesqueira, possibilitando pontuar as principais dificuldades e os resultados obtidos com o pescado.
Ruzigrass Grown in Rotation with Soybean Increases Soil Labile Phosphorus
Authors: Almeida Danilo S. , Rosolem Ciro A.
Published: October 2016

Crop rotations with species able to solubilize soil P can result in improved P availability for subsequent crops. Ruzigrass [Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. and C.M. Evrard)] has been shown to increase soil available P, but there are few studies on its effect on soil P forms and how growing ruzigrass interacts with P fertilization, which is important in defining fertilization strategies. This study aimed to investigate soil P fractions resulting from cropping ruzigrass in rotation with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] fertilized with broadcast triple superphosphate (TSP) or reactive rock phosphate (RRP) and TSP applied to soybean furrows under no‐till. Soil samples were taken after ruzigrass desiccation and before soybean planting from long‐term experimental plots in Botucatu, in southeastern Brazil. Phosphate management included RRP and TSP broadcast on the soil surface, and TSP applied to soybean furrows, in the presence or absence of ruzigrass. Broadcast TSP increased labile (anion exchange resin‐extractable P) and moderately labile P fractions extracted with 0.1 M NaOH, whereas RRP increased moderately labile P extracted with HCl. There was no interaction between phosphate management configurations. Regardless of phosphate management, the presence of ruzigrass resulted in a lower residual‐P concentration in deeper soil layers and higher concentrations of labile and moderately labile P in the uppermost soil layers. Ruzigrass introduction into the cropping system resulted in higher soil labile P content compared with fallow, probably because it can take up moderately labile soil P fractions that are recycled into the system, regardless of the P fertilization strategy.

Core Ideas

Ruzigrass grown in soybean off‐season affects soil fertility.

Soil P cycling by ruzigrass may result in benefits to next crops.

Agronomic efficiency of phosphate fertilizers may be improved by ruzigrass.
Evaluation of Trinexapac‐Ethyl and Nitrogen Management to Minimize Lodging in Rice
Authors: Corbin Jennifer L. , Walker Timothy W. , Orlowski John M. , Krutz L. Jason , Gore Jeffrey , Cox Michael S. , Golden Bobby R.
Published: October 2016

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important crop in the midsouthern United States. However, some high‐yielding cultivars are highly susceptible to lodging. The plant growth regulator, trinexapac‐ethyl (TE), has been shown to decrease lodging in upland cereal crops, but data are scarce that demonstrate rice response to TE. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of TE on rice plant height, lodging, and grain yield. Experiments were established at multiple locations during the 2012 and 2013 growing seasons in Mississippi. Trinexapac‐ethyl was applied to a lodging‐susceptible rice cultivar at 12, 24, and 48 g a.i. ha−1 at two timings: panicle differentiation (R1) and R1 + 14 d. Rice response to TE was determined for rice that received 100% of N applied at V3 and rice that received a two‐way split N strategy (75% N at V3 and 25% at R1). On both clay and silt‐loam soils all rates of TE reduced plant height and lodging compared to nontreated rice. The effect of TE on rice grain yield was variable. On silt‐loam soils 12 g a.i. ha−1 TE resulted in rice grain yield similar to nontreated rice when applied at R1, but decreased grain yield when applied to rice at R1+ 14 d. The 48 kg a.i. ha−1 rate decreased rice grain yield on both soil textures. The results of this study indicate that trinexapac‐ethyl may be a useful tool to manage lodging, but further research is needed refine TE use guidelines in rice.

Trinexapac‐ethyl decreased rice plant height and lodging on both clay and silt loam soils.

Trinexapac‐ethyl at 12 g a.i. ha−1 did not decrease grain yield when applied at panicle differentiation on silt loam soils.

Grain yield response to trinexapac‐ethyl varied by soil texture and N management strategy.
Augmented Row–Column Designs for a Small Number of Checks
Authors: Piepho Hans‐Peter , Williams Emlyn R.
Published: October 2016

Augmented designs allow the testing of a large number of unreplicated entries. Replication of interspersed check cultivars according to a blocked design allows estimation of an error variance as well as local control for unreplicated entries. The most commonly used augmented designs use one‐way blocking, but extensions have been suggested using blocking in rows and columns. We propose a flexible strategy to generate such designs, which is particularly suitable when the number of check cultivars is small. A salient feature of the approach is a grouping of adjacent rows and columns and the imposition of an additional blocking unit formed by the intersection of row and column groups. These superimposed blocking structures cater for an even distribution of replications for checks across the experimental field. We provide SAS code using the OPTEX procedure to generate such designs and discuss three examples illustrating the flexibility of the approach.

Core Ideas

For augmented designs, the number of unreplicated entries and blocking unit dimensions needs flexibility.

Blocking in rows and columns is desirable for local error control.

Super‐blocks can be defined based on groups of adjacent rows and columns.

Units formed by the intersection of row and column groups can be a further blocking unit.

These blocking units provide a convenient mechanism to distribute replications of check cultivars.
Soil Salinity: A Threat to Global Food Security
Authors: Butcher Kirsten , Wick Abbey F. , DeSutter Thomas , Chatterjee Amitava , Harmon Jason
Published: October 2016

Soil salinity is a global issue threatening land productivity, and estimates predict that 50% of all arable land will become impacted by salinity by 2050. Consequently, it is important to have a fundamental understanding of crop response to salinity to minimize economic loss and improve food security. While an immense amount of research has been performed assessing corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] response to salinity, there are few, if any, comprehensive reviews compiling previously published literature. This review provides a detailed description of our current knowledge on the impacts of salinity on corn and soybean growth and development. Both osmotic stress and specific ion toxicities with respect to corn and soybean are addressed. Additionally, potential areas of future research are recommended.

Core Ideas

Review of salinity's effects on corn and soybean growth and development.

Impacts of osmotic stress and specific ion toxicities discussed.

Potential areas of future research addressed.
Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Open‐Lot Cattle Feedyards: A Review
Authors: Waldrip Heidi M. , Todd Richard W. , Parker David B. , Cole N. Andy , Rotz C. Alan , Casey Kenneth D.
Published: October 2016

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from concentrated animal feeding operations, including cattle feedyards, have become an important research topic. However, there are limitations to current measurement techniques, uncertainty in the magnitude of feedyard N2O fluxes, and a lack of effective mitigation methods. The objective of this review was to assess N2O emission from cattle feedyards, including comparison of measured and modeled emission rates, discussion of measurement methods, and evaluation of mitigation options. Published annual per capita flux rates for beef cattle feedyards and open‐lot dairies were highly variable and ranged from 0.002 to 4.3 kg N2O animal−1 yr−1. On an area basis, published emission rates ranged from 0 to 41 mg N2O m−2 h−1. From these studies and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emission factors, calculated daily per capita N2O fluxes averaged 18 ± 10 g N2O animal−1 d−1 (range, 0.04–67 g N2O animal−1 d−1). This variation was due to inconsistency in measurement techniques as well as irregularity in N2O production and emission attributable to management, animal diet, and environmental conditions. Based on this review, it is clear that the magnitude and dynamics of N2O emissions from open‐lot cattle systems are not well understood. Further research is required to quantify feedyard N2O fluxes and develop cost‐effective mitigation methods.

Core Ideas

The magnitude of published N2O fluxes from open‐lot cattle systems was highly variable.

N2O fluxes varied with measurement methods, management, and environmental conditions.

Methods to mitigate feedyard N2O emissions are available but have yet to be thoroughly evaluated.

Improved animal performance and reducing N intake are best options to reduce feedyard N2O losses.
Determinación preliminar de normas e interacciones nutrimentales en chile ancho (Capsicum annuum L) en la Comarca Lagunera
Authors: Ramírez-Chávez Rosa I. , López-Martínez José D. , Troyo-Diéguez Enrique , Gallegos-Robles Miguel A. , Vázquez-Vázquez Cirilo , Ramírez Ibarra José A. , García-Hernández José L.
Published: October 2016

El chile (Capsicum annuum) es uno de los principales cultivos hortícolas establecidos en México debido a su gran popularidad y aceptación entre la población. Dentro de este género, uno de los cultivares que más usos tiene es el chile ancho. Debido al escenario actual de crisis económicas y ambientales, los productores de este cultivo se han visto en la necesidad de administrar una nutrición balanceada. El origen y la cantidad de fertilizantes pueden afectar drásticamente el patrón de crecimiento, su anatomía y morfología, así como su composición química y por ende su productividad en cuanto a cantidad y calidad del producto. La optimización en el uso de fertilizantes puede lograrse por medio del establecimiento de normas nutrimentales con métodos multivariados como el Diagnóstico de Nutrimento Compuesto (DNC). El DNC se apoya en bases matemáticas robustas para un cultivo y región determinado. El objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar las normas nutrimentales preliminares e identificar las interacciones nutrimentales significativas mediante la técnica de diagnóstico de nutrimento compuesto (DNC) para chile tipo ancho “San Martin” en la Comarca Lagunera durante el ciclo primavera-verano de 2015. Las normas preliminares de CND fueron desarrolladas de una pequeña base de datos como medias y desviación estándar de la relación centrada de logaritmos (Vx) de cinco nutriente (N, P, K, Ca y Mg) y un valor desconocido R, el cual comprende todos los nutrientes no analizados químicamente y cuantificados en chile ancho. Las normas preliminares de CND son: V*N = 0.42 ± 0.06, V*P = -3.24 ± 0.13, V*K= 0.48 ± 0.08, V*Ca = -0.21 ± 0.06, V*Mg = -0.82 ± 0.05, y == 3.38 ± 0.05. Como resultado de este trabajo se presentaron dos interacciones negativas significativas a través de análisis de componentes principales: P y K para la subpoblación de alto rendimiento, mientras que en la población completa y la subpoblación de bajos rendimientos se encontró la interacción negativa P y Ca, lo cual nos sugiere estos casos de antagonismos P-K y P- Ca para este estudio.
Взаємозв’язок остеопорозу і вегетативної дисфункції при ревматоїдному артриті
Authors: Sokrut O.P. , Iegudina E.D. , Geiko I.A. , Syniachenko O.V.
Published: October 2016

Актуальність. Ревматоїдний артрит (РА) належить до найбільш частих запальних хвороб суглобів, і кількість хворих із цією патологією всюди збільшується, що пов’язано з величезними медико-соціальними й економічними збитками. Важлива роль в патогенезі РА відводиться порушенням функції вегетативної нервової системи (ВНС), стан якої тісно пов’язаний з кістковим метаболізмом та мінеральною щільністю кістки. Мета і задачі: оцінити частоту остеопорозу при різному «вегетативному паспорті» хворих на РА, вивчити взаємозв’язки ознак вегетативної дисфункції (ВД) з характером щільності кістки. Матеріал і методи. Обстежено 173 хворих на РА віком від 18 до 79 років (середній вік 46 років), серед яких було 21 % чоловіків і 79 % жінок. Тривалість маніфестації захворювання становила 10 років, серопозитивний за ревматоїдним фактором та протицитруліновими антитілами варіант РА встановлено в 3/4 випадків, позасуглобову (системну) форму хвороби діагностовано в 37 % спостережень. Результати. Остеопороз розвивається у 2/3 від числа хворих на РА, а патогенетичні побудови його пов’язані з наявністю ВД, тяжкість перебігу якої корелює з показниками щільності кістки, причому ті, у свою чергу, — з параметрами варіаційної пульсометрії, активністю й кістково-деструктивними складовими артикулярного синдрому, залежать від вегетативного типу пацієнтів (для хворих з остеопорозом більшою мірою характерна ваготонія, а для інших пацієнтів — симпатотонія). Дисбаланс маркерів кісткового метаболізму у хворих на РА посилює існуючі порушення ВНС, а рівень магнемії має прогностичну значущість відносно ВД. Тяжкість останньої взаємопов’язана з вираженістю остеопорозу, при цьому прогностично несприятливими є показники в крові кальцію більше 80 мг/л і активності лужної фосфатази більше 180 О/л. Висновок. Розвиток остеопорозу взаємопов’язаний не лише з особливостями перебігу суглобового синдрому та екстраартикулярних ознак РА, а й із станом ВНС, яка бере участь в патогенетичних побудовах зменшення щільності кістки і дисбалансі маркерів кісткового метаболізму. У майбутньому буде корисним активне виявлення ВД для подальших своєчасних реабілітаційних заходів.
Якість життя в пацієнтів із хронічними больовими синдромами попереково-крижової локалізації
Authors: Romanenko V.I.
Published: October 2016

Мета дослідження. Вивчити якість життя, особливості обмеження функції та якості сну в пацієнтів із хронічними больовими синдромами попереково-крижової локалізації відповідно до груп за Класифікацією захворювань хребта Квебекської спеціальної комісії (КЗХКСК). Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 103 пацієнти з хронічним вертеброгенним попереково-крижовим больовим синдромом (ХВПКБС) та 30 практично здорових випробуваних. За результатами клініко-неврологічного обстеження всі пацієнти були розподілені на групи, які відповідали першим чотирьом групам КЗХКСК. З метою дослідження якості життя, обмеження функції та якості сну застосовували: опитувальник якості життя EuroQol-5D, опитувальник якості сну Центру сомнології та опитувальник Освестрі. Результати. У групі пацієнтів із ХВПКБС показник якості життя був вірогідно меншим (5 (4; 6) балів із 10 максимально можливих), ніж у контрольній групі (9 (8; 10) балів). Середній ступінь обмеження функції за опитувальником Освестрі в групі пацієнтів дорівнював 30,50 ± 13,55 %. Розлади сну мали місце в 100 % досліджуваних, а середній бал за цим показником у групі пацієнтів становив 20 (18; 22). У групі пацієнтів IV (класична радикулопатія) спостерігались найнижчі показники якості життя (4 (3; 5)) та якості сну (18 (17; 20,5)) і найвищі показники ступеня обмеження функції за опитувальником Освестрі (36,63 ± 14,45). Висновки. У пацієнтів із ХВПКБС виявлено зниження рівня окремих компонентів і загальної оцінки якості життя, а також ступеня обмеження функції за опитувальником Освестрі. Усі пацієнти мали розлади сну різного ступеня вираженості. Група пацієнтів IV за КЗХКСК характеризувалась найнижчою якістю життя та сну, а також найбільшим ступенем обмеження функції за опитувальником Освестрі порівняно з іншими групами.
Сучасні можливості ортезування в комплексному лікуванні еквінополоварусної деформації стоп у дітей
Authors: Korolkov A.I. , Kikosh G.V.
Published: October 2016

В матеріалах статті наведено сучасні варіанти використання ортезів (брейсів) різних конструкцій, що застосовуються у теперішній час для запобігання розвинення рецидивів у комплексному лікуванні еквінополоварусної деформації стоп у дітей різного віку. Авторами запропоновані до застосування власні патентовані конструкції брейсів та ортезів. Аналіз наявних ортезів показує, що їх використання у дітей з деформаціями стоп відповідає вимогам сьогодення та забезпечує: іммобілізацію сегмента; сприятливі умови для відновних процесів; опорну функцію сегмента; є профілактикою рецидивів деформацій, а при необхідності дозволяє провести поступове, поетапне усунення деформації при збереженні задовільної функції суглобів стопи, що значно покращує результати лікування цієї складної групи хворих і дає підставу рекомендувати ортези до широкого клінічного застосування.
Enrolling Heterogeneous Partners in Video Game Preservation
Authors: Bettivia Rhiannon
Published: October 2016

This article extends previous work known as Preserving Virtual Worlds II (PVWII), funded through a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The author draws on interview data collected from video game developers, content analysis of several long-running video game series, as well as the projectâ€™s advisory board and researcher reports. This paper exposes two fundamental challenges in creating metrics and specifications for the preservation of virtual worlds; namely, that there is no one type of user or designated video game stakeholder community, and that significant properties of games cannot always be located in code or platform. The PVWII data serve to explain why existing ideas about preservation of video games are inadequate when games are treated as digital cultural heritage. Preservation specialists need to bind nebulous and dynamic digital objects, a process that is necessary while inherently artificial.Â Â
Recognizing the Diversity of Contributions: A Case Study for Framing Attribution and Acknowledgement for Scientific Data
Authors: Hou Chung-Yi , Mayernik Matthew
Published: October 2016

As scientific data volumes, format types, and sources increase rapidly with the invention and improvement of scientific capabilities, the resulting datasets are becoming more complex to manage as well. One of the significant management challenges is pulling apart the individual contributions of specific people and organizations within large, complex projects. This is important for two aspects: 1) assigning responsibility and accountability for scientific work, and 2) giving professional credit to individuals (e.g. hiring, promotion, and tenure) who work within such large projects. This paper aims to review the extant practice of data attribution and how it may be improved. Through a case study of creating a detailed attribution record for a climate model dataset, the paper evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the current data attribution method and proposes an alternative attribution framework accordingly. The paper concludes by demonstrating that, analogous to acknowledging the different roles and responsibilities shown in movie credits, the methodology developed in the study could be used in general to identify and map out the relationships among the organizations and individuals who had contributed to a dataset.Â  As a result, the framework could be applied to create data attribution for other dataset types beyond climate model datasets.Â Â
Factors Influencing Research Data Reuse in the Social Sciences: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Curty Renata Gonçalves
Published: October 2016

The development of e-Research infrastructure has enabled data to be shared and accessed more openly. Policy mandates for data sharing have contributed to the increasing availability of research data through data repositories, which create favourable conditions for the re-use of data for purposes not always anticipated by original collectors. Despite the current efforts to promote transparency and reproducibility in science, data re-use cannot be assumed, nor merely considered a ‘thrifting’ activity where scientists shop around in data repositories considering only the ease of access to data. The lack of an integrated view of individual, social and technological influential factors to intentional and actual data re-use behaviour was the key motivator for this study. Interviews with 13 social scientists produced 25 factors that were found to influence their perceptions and experiences, including both their unsuccessful and successful attempts to re-use data. These factors were grouped into six theoretical variables: perceived benefits, perceived risks, perceived effort, social influence, facilitating conditions, and perceived re-usability. These research findings provide an in-depth understanding about the re-use of research data in the context of open science, which can be valuable in terms of theory and practice to help leverage data re-use and make publicly available data more actionable.Â
Using Metadata Actively
Authors: Bird Colin , Coles Simon , Garrelfs Iris , Griffin Tom , Hagdorn Magnus , Klyne Graham , Mineter Mike , Willoughby Cerys
Published: October 2016

Almost all researchers collect and preserve metadata, although doing so is often seen as a burden. However, when that metadata can be, and is, used actively during an investigation or creative process, the benefits become apparent instantly. Active use can arise in various ways, several of which are being investigated by the Collaboration for Research Enhancement by Active use of Metadata (CREAM) project, which was funded by Jisc as part of their Research Data Spring initiative. The CREAM project is exploring the concept through understanding the active use of metadata by the partners in the collaboration. This paper explains what it means to use metadata actively and describes how the CREAM project characterises active use by developing use cases that involve documenting the key decision points during a process. Well-documented processes are accordingly more transparent, reproducible, and reusable.Â
Using Data Management Plans to Explore Variability in Research Data Management Practices Across Domains
Authors: Parham Susan Wells , Carlson Jake , Hswe Patricia , Westra Brian , Whitmire Amanda
Published: October 2016

This paper describes an investigation into how researchers in different fields are interpreting and responding to the U.S. National Science Foundationâ€™s data management plan (DMP) requirement. As documents written by the researchers themselves, DMPs can provide insight into researchersâ€™ understanding of the potential value of their data to others; the environment in which their data are developed and prepared; and their willingness and ability to ensure the data are available to others now and in the long-term. With support from the Institute of Museum and Library Services, the authors conducted a content analysis of DMPs generated at their respective institutions using a shared rubric. By developing and testing a rubric designed to understand and evaluate the content of DMPs, the authors intend to develop a more complete understanding, at a larger scale, of how researchers plan for managing, sharing, and archiving their data.Â
Lost and found twice: Discussion of an early post-glacial single-edged tanged point from Brodgar on Orkney, Scotland
Authors: Ballin Torben Bjarke , Bjerck Hein Bjartmann
Published: October 2016

Over the last few decades it has been shown that Scotland was settled – or at least occasionally visited – during the late Upper Palaeolithic period. The finds include diagnostic artefacts of Hamburgian, Federmesser and Ahrensburgian typology, but since Livens’ presentation in 1956 of three tanged arrowheads from Scotland, it has also been discussed whether northern Britain was settled or visited from the north-east, by groups belonging to the Scandinavian Fosna-Hensbacka complex. Only one of the three arrowheads presented by Livens appeared to be a Fosna-Hensbacka point, but this piece was lost immediately after the paper in which it was initially summarily described was published. However, this point – originally found at Brodgar on Orkney – has now been refound, and the authors hope that their detailed characterization and discussion of the object’s date and affinity will allow the question of a possible Upper Palaeolithic-Early Mesolithic connection across Doggerland to be addressed in a more authoritative manner.
Event review: International Knapping Workshop, with Bruce Bradley, Fazenda Monte Alto, Dourado, SP (Brazil)
Authors: Van Veldhuizen Elisa Theodora Adriana , Moreno de Sousa João Carlos
Published: October 2016

The event took place from 3 till 8 July 2016 at Fazenda Monte Alto, Dourado, SP, Brazil. The aim of the course was to provide intensive knapping training in order to enhance analytical methods and procedures. This training was not only for students, but also professionals who were interested in the course. The course was given by Bruce Bradley (University of Exeter), who has extensive experience with Stone Age technologies and experimental archaeology. Mercedes Okumura (PPGArq, National Museum, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) and Astolfo G. M. Araujo (Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, University of São Paulo) organized the course, which was sponsored by Fazenda Monte Alto, Café Helena, and the British Academy, Newton Mobility Grants Scheme (NG140077). The workshop had 15 participants from Brazil, Uruguay, the Netherlands and Canada.
Introducing LIR (Lithotheque Ireland), a reference collection of flaked stone tool raw materials from Ireland
Authors: Driscoll Killian , Burke Adrian L. , Warren Graeme M.
Published: October 2016

The LIR (Lithotheque Ireland) reference collection of flaked stone tool raw materials from Ireland began in 2013, and is based on the geological prospection from two projects. The first (2013-2015) focused attention primarily on Carboniferous cherts from the northwest of Ireland, collecting 405 samples. The second (2015-2017) is currently collecting samples of the Cretaceous flint primarily from in situ contexts in the northeast of Ireland, but also includes beach surveys of Cretaceous flint from around the island; the first phase of geological prospection in Autumn 2015 collected 239 samples, with the geological prospection continuing in 2016. Therefore, to date the collection contains over 600 hand samples of chert and flint, along with a small number of other materials (siliceous limestone, tuff, mudstone). The physical reference collection is housed at the UCD School of Archaeology, University College Dublin and contains the geological hand samples along with the various thin sections of the samples that are used for petrographic analysis. The physical collection is complemented by an online database that is to be used alongside the physical collection, or can be used as a stand-alone resource. This paper provides an overview of the database’s metadata and the processes of data entry and editing, to serve as a reference point for the database and the fieldwork undertaken to date, and to serve as a template for other researchers undertaking similar work on lithic reference collections.
Conventions in fresh water fishing in the prehistoric southern Levant: The evidence from the study of Neolithic Beisamoun notched pebbles
Authors: Rosenberg Danny , Agnon Marva , Kaufman Daniel
Published: October 2016

[Research Article]Fishing gear is not frequently found in archaeological sites in the southern Levant. Bone hooks were found as early as the later Epipalaeolithic period (mainly in Natufian culture sites) and continue to appear in small numbers until the Chalcolithic period, when the first copper hooks are found. But for most sites, we have scant information about fishing gear or techniques. The paucity of fishing gear in archaeological assemblages is notable and holds true for sites near the former Mediterranean Sea shore and for inland sites situated near fresh water sources. This may be attributed to preservation issues, in part, but also seems to reflect preferences in the selection of raw material for making various fishing implements. The present paper discusses a specific type of fishing gear, the notched pebbles. These implements are small pebbles with various degrees of modification - sometime including notable modification of the original pebble by flaking and sometimes only slightly modifying it by creating the two opposed notches. We will use the assemblage found at the Neolithic site of Beisamoun, in the Hula Valley, northern Israel as a test-case for discussing raw material and other preferences and long-term aspects of conventions in fresh water fishing gear.
Mongolian “Neolithic” and Early Bronze Age ground stone tools from the northern edge of the Gobi Desert
Authors: Schneider Joan S. , Yadmaa Tserendagva , Hart Thomas C. , Rosen Arlene M. , Spiro Annelise
Published: October 2016

The transition from the Mongolian Neolithic to the Bronze Age is not well understood. Within Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, over a period of five years, we identified a number of sites with dense surface artefact scatters and features that seem to represent this transition period. Evident in those concentrations are characteristic microblade cores, microblades, “thumbnail" flake scrapers, projectile points, ground stone tools, and stone features of unknown function. Between 2012 and 2014 we collected ground stone artefacts from four sites and sediment samples from three sites. With permission of Mongolian authorities, the artefacts from one site and sediment samples from three sites were sent for botanical analyses to the University of Texas, Austin, Environmental Archaeology Laboratory. Preliminary results indicate that plant remains are present on the ground stone artefacts: dendritic long-cells from a deep pore of one artefact and starch grains from the pores of six of the seven artefacts. These data present the first opportunity to understand what resources “Neolithic” people were processing with ground stone tools in this area and further our opportunity to better understand the little-known “Neolithic”-Early Bronze Age transition period in Central Asia. This paper describes the ground stone artefacts and further explores the results of data retrieved from some of these artefacts.
The organization of basanite bifacial production at Giv’at Kipod Quarry, Israel: Towards an ‘Alyawara Day’ model of extraction
Authors: Shimelmitz Ron , Rosenberg Danny
Published: October 2016

Hunter gatherers as well as farmers used a variety of lithic raw materials to shape their world, in which some were perceived as having symbolic or mythical content. While the anthropological literature demonstrates that the extraction of raw materials of special significance was often performed differently from that of other more 'ordinary' raw materials, identifying this in the archaeological record is difficult. In this paper we wish to shed new light on this topic using the Late Neolithic-Early Chalcolithic basanite bifacial tool production site of Giv‛at Kipod, Israel. In the southern Levant basalt axes and adzes have long been understood to embody greater symbolic content than the flint axes and adzes that dominate the Neolithic and Chalcolithic bifacial assemblages. By comparing the results from our excavations at the site of Giv‛at Kipod to other production and extraction sites we exhibit how the organization of production was different than that related to the more common flint extraction in the region. While at most production and extractions sites the manufacture of various types of items is documented and the presence of tools, especially ad hoc tools, indicates that a variety of activities were performed at the locale of extraction, in the case of Giv‛at Kipod the production was focused solely on the manufacture of bifacials with a marked lack of evidence of other significant activities. We attempt to provide guidelines to characterize different exploitation patterns between raw materials of varied social significance using these differences.
Preliminary analysis of the Late Natufian ground stone from Shubayqa 1, Jordan
Authors: Pedersen Patrick Nørskov , Richter Tobias , Arranz-Otaegui Amaia
Published: October 2016

Shubayqa 1 is a newly identified early and late Natufian site in the harra desert of northeastern Jordan. In addition to buildings, and rich chipped stone, faunal, and botanical assemblages, the site has produced a large collection of ground stone tools. This paper presents the result of a preliminary study of the ground stone artefacts associated with the late Natufian phase. Results indicate that while the assemblage is overall very similar to other Natufian sites in the Mediterranean zone, there are also some notable differences. Although grinding rather than pounding tools appear to be more important at the site, many tools were seemingly involved in both grinding and pounding activities. We hypothesize that this dual function could be explained by the processing of rhizome tubers, which were found in abundance at the site, and which may have represented an important food source for the inhabitants. In addition, we argue that the relationship between ground stone tools and cereal processing has been overemphasized and the processing of other plant food resources, in this case tubers could have been equally significant. While the processing of plant foods was one function, many tools are also associated with pigment stains, suggesting that they were involved in the processing of non-vegetal matter.
Revisión y reflexiones sobre las políticas sociales juveniles en Uruguay
Authors: Bassi Germán , Castillo Marcelo , Romero Juan
Published: October 2016

El presente artículo de revisión de tema se propone mostrar las características del proceso actual del sistema de protección social uruguayo y, en particular, aquellas referidas a los jóvenes. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se diseñó una metodología mixta con la cual abordar el análisis de la información consignada en el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y el Observatorio de Políticas Sociales del Ministerio de Desarrollo de Uruguay. Se concluye que, durante los últimos veinte años, se incluyeron nuevos universos poblacionales en las consideraciones para establecer políticas públicas, entre los cuales se presenta la juventud con especial énfasis en el sector educativo.
Pensamiento latinoamericano: camino de identidad en el concierto global
Authors: Mejía Hincapié Néstor Iván
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: conocer el pensamiento latinoamericano a través de las cuatro generaciones que hasta el momento, han sido reconocidas por los principales exponentes de la filosofía latinoamericana, para comprender la perspectiva actual del pensamiento y discernir su identidad y proyección en el contexto global. Metodología: el estudio es de carácter cualitativo. El referente estimulador es la pregunta por la originalidad y\o la autenticidad de las ideas desde la perspectiva latinoamericana y su participación en el concierto universal. Hallazgos: también en América Latina nos hacemos preguntas universales, pero las soluciones tratan de incorporar elementos propios del contexto. Una filosofía en perspectiva latinoamericana consistiría en la aplicación de las soluciones dadas por los grandes filósofos a nuestros problemas, o en la creación de pensamiento de manera original, pero la más importante, es que la tendencia actual procura una reflexión muy unida a los problemas sociales. Conclusiones: la praxis histórica, social y cultural de nuestros pueblos de América Latina, esboza un marco de reflexión (hermenéutica) crítico y metódico que ha dado origen a una perspectiva en el filosofar latinoamericano. El análisis propuesto desde la comprensión de la filosofía en perspectiva latinoamericana, permite revitalizar las discusiones de la filosofía en contexto.
Aproximación a una cartografía analítica del paradigma educativo francés
Authors: Granados López Edilberto
Published: October 2016

La educación podría entenderse como parte de una manifestación cultural y así, factible de ser enunciada a partir de unas características y formas discursivas particulares que la hacen próxima a una determinada tendencia o tradición. El presente artículo se presenta como una aproximación cartográfica a la tradición educativa francesa; en tal sentido, desde una perspectiva histórica, se muestran los elementos, autores y enfoques que permitan comprender el alcance cultural y disciplinar de la propuesta educativa francesa, a la vez que se intentará en la exposición de los diferentes enfoques sobre ciencia (s) de la educación, establecer algunas reflexiones que den noticia sobre su importancia y relevancia actual.
La interacción docente-estudiante en el aula
Authors: Galvis Sebastián
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: establecer una aproximación a los significados que los profesores desde su quehacer le otorgan a la relación con los estudiantes. Metodología: estudio cualitativo con método fenomenológico-hermenéutico que analiza la experiencia de los profesores del Colegio María Goretti de Manizales en el servicio de secundaria para adultos. Se utilizaron entrevistas individuales y un grupo focal. Hallazgos: la lectura psicopedagógica sobre la práctica en la formación de estudiantes adultos evidencia la conveniencia de una humanización concreta, explícita, práctica y observacional en la interacción entre profesor y estudiante. Conclusiones: la praxis pedagógica aun responde a una lógica tradicionalista y poco flexible; es importante reconocer la importancia del ciclo vital en la educación de adultos; y es necesario aprender a ver a los estudiantes como interlocutores válidos en la dinámica socio-educativa.
Diseño de parciales de programación en ingeniería basados en un modelo de preferencias de pensamiento
Authors: Trejos Buriticá Omar Iván
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: exponer los resultados de una investigación que se realizó a partir de la clasificación de los estudiantes a la luz del modelo 4Q de preferencias de pensamiento y su aplicación en el diseño de evaluaciones parciales por cada perfil dentro del curso de Programación II de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Computación de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Metodología: investigación educativa con análisis cualitativo dentro del contexto académico que posibilita el estudio y análisis de casos múltiples. La recolección de la información se basó en la observación directa, entrevistas con los estudiantes, formulación de perfiles y retroalimentación con los mismos. En lo tecnológico se recurrió a la utilización de la hoja electrónica como herramienta para tabulación y tratamiento de datos. Resultados: la caracterización de los estudiantes permitió obtener mejores resultados en las evaluaciones con menores esfuerzos, posibilitó la comunicación tanto entre estudiantes como entre docente y alumnos y permitió establecer unos lineamientos que facilitó el concepto de autonomía, interacción y comunicación al interior del aula. Conclusiones: las evaluaciones parciales, concebidas como el gran instrumento que puede potencializar el aprendizaje, son mucho más efectivas cuando se diseñan acorde con los perfiles de un modelo determinado que, en este caso, fue el modelo 4Q de preferencias de pensamiento.
Entre seres y pensamientos. Reflexiones pedagógicas sobre el aprendizaje colaborativo
Authors: Galvis Carolina , Gualguán Dayana , Mosquera Martín
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: indagar y describir en profundidad las posibilidades que emergen a partir del aprendizaje colaborativo como estrategia didáctica en el aula de clase Metodología: investigación cualitativa en la que se combinaron: observación etnográfica, entrevistas semi-estructuradas con grabaciones de video, de audio y análisis del discurso. Hallazgos: el Aprendizaje Colaborativo en un contexto inminentemente femenino, como lo es la población de esta investigación, supera paradigmas tradicionales de rivalidad femenina y posibilita la alianza entre mujeres. Además, se evidencia grandes hallazgos formativos en los campos cognitivo, social, cultura ciudadana y “sororidad”, redireccionando el hecho evaluativo y posibilitando un auténtico ejercicio de cultura ciudadana. Conclusiones: el AC propicia una real educación inclusiva, dado que se propone utilizar favorablemente las diferencias de los alumnos para lograr mayores aprendizajes.
De personajes a personas: una aproximación ético-epistemológica a la investigación en educación
Authors: Jaramillo Echeverri Luis Guillermo , Aguirre García Juan Carlos
Published: October 2016

Este artículo tiene por objeto evidenciar las tematizaciones que sufren los sujetos de la educación al interior de una investigación, así como plantear posibles salidas a estas. Para tal fin, el texto se divide en dos apartados: el primero, denominado Los personajes: máscaras de la tematización, tiene que ver específicamente con el lugar donde el investigador está llamado a hacerles frente; en este se abordan tres tipos de tematización: la burocrática; la que emerge del proceso investigativo; y la que experimentan los sujetos sociales en sus contextos más cercanos o familiares. El segundo apartado, designado como Las personas, su infinito y su decir, es un intento por ofrecer salidas que permitan mirar al sujeto de la investigación como absolutamente “Otro” en todo el proceso del estudio. El texto concluye con un llamado al investigador para que sea crítico-reflexivo de las diferentes tematizaciones analizadas.
Liberando el código: del monopolio cognitivo a la educación expandida
Authors: Uribe Zapata Alejandro
Published: October 2016

El presente artículo es una reflexión teórica sobre el rol de la escuela en el marco de una sociedad digital. El texto está dividido en cuatro apartados, en el primero se sostiene que la escuela participa poco de la cultura digital y que recién comienza a acercarse a temáticas asociadas a la construcción de subjetividades, identidades y modos de socialización soportada con tecnología. En el segundo se trabaja alrededor del concepto de educación expandida para ilustrar el auge de prácticas comunales, horizontales y críticas frente la institucionalidad y la formalidad. En el tercero se presenta una tríada de ejemplos que se podrían catalogar como educación expandida según cinco características propuestas de antemano. Finalmente, en el cuarto se propone una ruta de acción, compuesta por cinco puntos, para implementar en la escuela.