bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospective Assessment of Sex‐Related Differences in Symptom Status and Health Perception Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Blum Steffen , Muff Christoph , Aeschbacher Stefanie , Ammann Peter , Erne Paul , Moschovitis Giorgio , Di Valentino Marcello , Shah Dipen , Schläpfer Jürg , Fischer Andreas , Merkel Tamara , Kühne Michael , Sticherling Christian , Osswald Stefan , Conen David
Published: July 2017

Background

We prospectively assessed sex‐specific differences in health perception, overall symptom status, and specific symptoms in a large cohort of patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods and Results

We performed a prospective multicenter observational cohort study of 1553 patients with atrial fibrillation. Patients completed questionnaires about personal characteristics, comorbidities, and symptoms on a yearly basis. Mean age was 70±11 years among women and 67±12 years among men. Health perception on a visual analogue scale ranging from 0 to 100 (with higher scores indicating better health perception) was significantly lower in women than in men (70 [interquartile range: 50–80] versus 75 [interquartile range: 60–85];
P
<0.0001). More women than men had any symptoms (85.0% versus 68.3%;
P
<0.0001), palpitations (65.2% versus 44.4%;
P
<0.0001), dizziness (25.6% versus 13.5%;
P
<0.0001), dyspnea (35.7% versus 21.8%;
P
<0.0001), and fatigue (25.3% versus 19.1%;
P
=0.006). At 1‐year follow‐up, symptoms decreased in both sexes but remained more frequent in women (49.1% versus 32.6%,
P
<0.0001). In multivariable adjusted longitudinal regression models, female sex remained an independent predictor for lower health perception (ß=−4.8; 95% CI, −6.5 to −3.1;
P
<0.0001), any symptoms (odds ratio [
OR
]: 2.6; 95%
CI
, 2.1–3.4;
P
<0.0001), palpitations (
OR
: 2.6; 95% CI, 2.1–3.2;
P
<0.0001), dizziness (
OR
: 2.9; 95% CI, 2.1–3.9;
P
<0.0001), dyspnea (
OR
: 2.1; 95% CI, 1.6–2.8;
P
<0.0001), fatigue (
OR
: 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2–2.2;
P
=0.0008), and chest pain (
OR
: 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3–2.6;
P
=0.001).

Conclusions

Women with atrial fibrillation have a substantially higher symptom burden and lower health perception than men. These relationships persisted after multivariable adjustment and during prospective follow‐up.
The Interdependent Roles of All Players in Making Technology Accessible
Authors: Thompson Terry
Published: July 2017

Making technology accessible is a complex and difficult problem, involving many individuals and groups. When a particular technology presents a barrier to an individual, who is at fault? Often blame is assigned to an individual technology developer, content developer, or educational entity, though doing so is often an oversimplification of the problem. In actuality, a variety of players, individually and through relationships with one another, play critical roles in making technology accessible. Players include consumers, technology developers (including developers of assistive technology, operating systems, software applications, user agents, and authoring tools), standards organizations, K-12 and postsecondary schools, employers, advocates and legislators. This article provides an overview of the current state of technology accessibility by examining the roles of each of these players and their interdependencies.
Computer Guided Educational Diagnosis: A Prototype Expert System
Authors: Colbourn Marlene , McLeod John
Published: July 2017

An expert system is an automated consulting system which provides the user with expert advice within a particular domain. We briefly review some of the recent literature pertaining to the development and uses of expert systems. In particular, we discuss the design and implementation of an expert system which we have developed to guide a teacher/diagnostician through the various stages of diagnosing reading difficulties.
Partnership and Participation in a Northern Church-Southern Church Relationship
Authors: Scheffler Marcia
Published: July 2017

The African church has been identified by many as a key factor in the struggle against HIV/AIDS. Not only are international funding organizations and Christian NGOs looking to partner with the local church, but some northern churches are also looking to bypass NGOs and enter into a direct relationship with the African church. This article fuses political and theological theories and analysis such as participatory development theory, democratic administration and transformational development in a case study of partnership between a Canadian church and a Zimbabwean church.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Gudgeon (Gobio gobio, L.)
Authors: Mawdesley-Thomas Lionel E. , Bucke David
Published: July 2017

A squamous cell carcinoma in a gudgeon ( Gobio gobio L.) is described. The literature of malignant tumours of the skin in fish and their possible aetiological factors is reviewed briefly.
Local Newspaper Roles in the Love Canal Disaster
Authors: Ploughman Penelope
Published: July 2017

A chain-owned local newspaper served the interests of its community first and the needs of the chain second, playing a major role as initiator, definer, diffuser and legitimator.
The Postmetaphysics of Religious Difference
Authors: Bendle Mervyn Frederick
Published: July 2017

This article contests the dominant paradigm in the theology of religions which promotes a type of pluralism purporting to recognise a limited form of “otherness” and “difference” but which emerges upon analysis to obviate these by incorporating religions into a single theological or philosophical schema, reducing their concrete plurality and particularity to an abstract unity based on ontotheological presuppositions. It therefore proposes a perspective that draws upon contemporary postmetaphysical thought, particularly the work of Rosenzweig and Levinas. It suggests that the appropriate posture in the face of religious difference is one that valorises otherness and nurtures and sustains religious difference.
Speaking in New Tongues: Karl Rahner's Writings from the Grave
Authors: Honner John
Published: July 2017

Karl Rahner's last four years were no less productive than the preceding four decades. After his death in 1984 several collections of his works appeared in English. They show a heartfelt concern for the unfinished work of Vatican II, especially for the reform of the teaching office of the Church, for the future of Catholicism in a world Church, and for the future of Christianity among world religions and new humanisms. This article explores these critical issues in Rahner's final writings and argues that, while the theology is not new, the conclusions are more pressing than before.
A study of Supported Poly (n-butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) Thin Polymer Films Near the Glass Transition Temperature
Authors: Omari Rami , Ayuk Gilbert
Published: July 2017

The glass transition temperature and the surface dynamics of poly (butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) films have been studied using a phase-modulated ellipsometer equipped with a home-built sample cell with temperature controller. Experiments were performed for a range of temperatures, both above and below the glass transition temperature (Tg). In our study the glass transition temperature was obtained by plotting the ellipticity, as a function of temperature using the data from the ellipsometric cooling scan. the correlation functions governing the fluctuations were calculated at each temperature from the time-dependent fluctuations in film thickness as a function of temperature using ellipsometry data collected at 50 Hz frequency. The results indicate that at temperatures well above Tg, the correlation functions obey a simple exponential decay. However, as Tg is approached, the correlation functions are best fitted with a stretched exponential relation, indicating a broad distribution of relaxation times. In addition, the temperature dependence of surface relaxation process has been found to be much weaker compared to the bulk relaxation.
Characterization and Performance Evaluation of Recrystallised Micro PETN
Authors: Mohan T , Vijayadarshan P , Viswanath J , Gupta Amarnath , Srinivasarao N.V. , Venkataraman A
Published: July 2017

This manuscript shows the recrystallization of micro Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (mcPETN) through solvent anti solvent technique by changing some important parameters viz., rotations per minute, temperature of crystallization, while keeping the concentration of PETN constant as in solvent acetone. The synthesized mcPETN is characterized for its crystal structure and morphology. The enhanced performance to its macro sized PETN is reported herewith the results.
El Groupe Français d´Éducation Nouvelle y la Guerra Civil española en las revistas Pour l´Ère Nouvelle y L´Éducateur Prolétarien
Authors: Lázaro Lorente Luis Miguel
Published: July 2017

The Groupe Français d’Éducation Nouvelle (G.F.E.N.) was a fundamental point of reference for the New Education movement in Europe, represented in the interwar period by the International League for New Education. It was a diverse group, both in its composition and its ideological and pedagogical guidance, especially from 1936 with the arrival of Celestin Freinet and his co-workers from the Coopérative d’Enseignement laic. Through its magazine, Pour l’Ère Nouvelle, which was founded by Adolphe Ferrière and published regularly between January 1922 and March 1940, this movement had a significant influence on educational reformers throughout those two decades. The same is true for the magazine directed by Freinet, L’Éducateur Prolétarien – published regularly from October 1932 to March 1940, which also had a decisive influence on the most dedicated reformers in the field of education who were engaged in the transformation of the school during the emergence of the new social and political order. From 1936 onwards, the drama of the Spanish Civil War prompted the mobilisation of important and influential sectors of intellectuals and French educators in a broad progressive movement of solidarity with the Spanish Republic. This paper aims to analyse how this conflict, in particular its educational and humanitarian aspects, was represented editorially in the two most influential journals linked more or less directly to G.F.E.N.: Pour l’Ère Nouvelle and L’Éducateur Prolétarien. The plurality of the G.F.E.N. is reflected in how that conflict was dealt with in both journals.
Postmodernity and Education. Death of Man and Death of Pedagogy
Authors: García Farrero Jordi , Villanou Torrano Conrad
Published: July 2017

After the hope for resurrection of the Judeo-Christian tradition, Pedagogy paved the way to moral improvement according to the winds of the Enlightenment. Hence it went from a metaphysical and transcendental formative ideal to a human ideal linked to the idea of education. However, with the advent of post-modernity, a new horizon has emerged that has led to the death of Pedagogy. On the one hand, the metaphysical crisis – which involves the death of man as a creature of God – has resulted in the death of Pedagogy, which has lost its teleological and eschatological significance. On the other hand, structuralism heralded the death of the modern subject, which has likewise has led to the death of man, who had trusted in the Enlightenment dreams of education. Today, therefore, in the post-modern world, Pedagogy has been reduced to a residual discipline in which the body – in a post-organic context – is detached from the idea of resurrection, being instead configured as an element of insurrection. While Christian pedagogy sought perfection and modern pedagogy moral improvement, the goal in the post-modern era is performance.
Professional autonomy of elementary school teachers in the second half of the nineteenth century. The case of Slovenia
Authors: Peček Mojca
Published: July 2017

This article analyses the means and boundaries of the professional autonomy that elementary school teachers enjoyed in the second half of the nineteenth century in the territory of modern-day Slovenia, previously part of the Austrian and Austro-Hungarian Empires. While their work had been regulated in great detail since the Elementary School Act of 1774, which laid down even the contents and methods of teaching to be employed, the subsequent 1869 Act stipulated that teachers could become members of school boards as a means of providing them with an opportunity to influence education policies. Teachers were required to attend teachers’ conferences where, among other things, participants discussed successful teaching methods and developed detailed curricula and lesson plans. Teachers expected these changes to bring them greater autonomy, as well as a say in school policies and greater public confidence in their professional authority. This paper contains an analysis of whether or not these expectations were met. Our analysis of school board and teachers’ conference reports published in the Slovenian educational press shows that in this period an important shift occurred in the way that teaching effectiveness was ensured and teachers’ work supervised. A system was put in place which at the same time facilitated and monitored the implementation of teachers’ ideas, and ensured and restricted their professional freedom. There was a significant change in authoritarian techniques, which quickly developed yet still facilitated the growth in teachers’ professional authority, as teachers gained power and space to fight the authorities for recognition of their status and ideas.
La ginnastica come disciplina della scuola elementare negli anni dell’unificazione italiana. Una proposta di «ri-contestualizzazione» storiografica
Authors: Alfieri Paolo
Published: July 2017

The contribution aims to suggest some research paths to begin a study on Gymnastics in the primary school during the years of Italian unification, starting from the analysis of the well-known literature which have dealt with physical activities in that period. Many of these publications – often arising from a non-academic intention and, in any case, characterized by a thematic and methodological eclecticism – are influenced by a historiographical tradition that has studied physical education without a specific attention on the elementary school. Therefore, the essay proposes a «re-contextualization» of the research that focuses on school Gymnastics and examines this topic according to a consistent heuristic view. Even on the basis of studies that have already taken a similar approach, it points out the new sources to be used and outlines new interpretative perspectives that, complying with the most recent instances of educational historiography, can reconstruct the first steps of Gymnastics as a discipline in the curriculum of Italian primary school.
Intercultural Citizenship Education and Accountability. An Insight from the History of School Subjects
Authors: Romero Morante Jesús , Louzao Suárez María
Published: July 2017

The international organizations that set the agenda for educational policies have incorporated among their principles the desirability of intercultural education. The current Spanish legislation (LOMCE) has accordingly done so, at least as a mere formality. At the same time, however, it has instituted an accountability regime based on standards and external standardized assessments. We wonder if such a «regime» actually encourages or deters intercultural citizenship education. Since this law is not yet fully operational in Spain, this article seeks evidence through an original historical analysis of two British curriculum projects, interrupted by the implementation of a similar institutional arrangement in England after the approval of the Education Reform Act in 1988.
De la educación religiosa a la educación laica en el currículum oficial de instrucción primaria en México (1821-1917)
Authors: Arredondo Adelina
Published: July 2017

The history of the curriculum is a window to observe the changes and permanences of the school and of the educational system as a whole and for understanding social transformations. The aim of this article is to explain how the curriculum of the primary school (Mexico of the nineteenth century) was changed from one centred on Catholic formation towards a secular curriculum. The school curriculum was one of the spearheads to build the state and society projects imagined by the different groups fighting for the control of power. I described how religious education was officially promoted, notwithstanding the political ups and downs that led to differentiate educational policies in federal systems and centralist regimes. Later, I explain how religious education was omitted from the official curriculum, replacing the space with courses of laic morals, with the consequent difficulty of introducing a new subject. Then I analyse how political circumstances led to a radicalization of liberal positions and to the prohibition not only of religious content, but also of symbols, rites and persons linked with religious vows. Finally, secular education, understood in a complex way, began to be demanded not only in public schools but also in private schools. Due to the nature of this article and the spatial limitations I have privileged the follow-up of the legislative history of education, based on primary sources and secondary sources for the understanding of the different contexts that determine this long journey.
Doing Everything You Can, but Not (yet) Getting it Right: Challenges to Brussels' Great Expectations for Water Quality
Authors: Buelow Franca Angela
Published: July 2017

To arrive at a good status of all European water bodies is the main objective of the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD). Since its adoption in 2000, the policy has fundamentally changed the institutional, procedural and organizational structures of Member States' water management, leading to an Europeanization of national legislation and decision-making structures. The case of WFD implementation in Schleswig-Holstein is an example of the policy's highly innovative governance architecture that unfortunately is not (yet) able to take that one last hurdle: to improve water quality and establish a good water status across EU Member States by 2015 or 2027.
Orkambi® and amplifier co‐therapy improves function from a rare CFTR mutation in gene‐edited cells and patient tissue
Authors: Molinski Steven V , Ahmadi Saumel , Ip Wan , Ouyang Hong , Villella Adriana , Miller John P , Lee Po‐Shun , Kulleperuma Kethika , Du Kai , Di Paola Michelle , Eckford Paul DW , Laselva Onofrio , Huan Ling Jun , Wellhauser Leigh , Li Ellen , Ray Peter N , Pomès Régis , Moraes Theo J , Gonska Tanja , Ratjen Felix , Bear Christine E
Published: July 2017

The combination therapy of lumacaftor and ivacaftor (Orkambi®) is approved for patients bearing the major cystic fibrosis (CF) mutation: ΔF508. It has been predicted that Orkambi® could treat patients with rarer mutations of similar “theratype”; however, a standardized approach confirming efficacy in these cohorts has not been reported. Here, we demonstrate that patients bearing the rare mutation: c.3700 A>G, causing protein misprocessing and altered channel function—similar to ΔF508‐CFTR, are unlikely to yield a robust Orkambi® response. While in silico and biochemical studies confirmed that this mutation could be corrected and potentiated by lumacaftor and ivacaftor, respectively, this combination led to a minor in vitro response in patient‐derived tissue. A CRISPR/Cas9‐edited bronchial epithelial cell line bearing this mutation enabled studies showing that an “amplifier” compound, effective in increasing the levels of immature CFTR protein, augmented the Orkambi® response. Importantly, this “amplifier” effect was recapitulated in patient‐derived nasal cultures—providing the first evidence for its efficacy in augmenting Orkambi® in tissues harboring a rare CF‐causing mutation. We propose that this multi‐disciplinary approach, including creation of CRISPR/Cas9‐edited cells to profile modulators together with validation using primary tissue, will facilitate therapy development for patients with rare CF mutations.
Induction of experimental autoimmune orchitis in mice: responses to elevated circulating levels of the activin-binding protein, follistatin
Authors: Nicolas Nour , Muir Julie A , Hayward Susan , Chen Justin L , Stanton Peter G , Gregorevic Paul , de Kretser David M , Loveland Kate L , Bhushan Sudhanshu , Meinhardt Andreas , Fijak Monika , Hedger Mark P
Published: July 2017

Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) is a rodent model of chronic testicular inflammation that mimics the pathology observed in some types of human infertility. In a previous study, testicular expression of the inflammatory/immunoregulatory cytokine, activin A, was elevated in adult mice during the onset of EAO, indicating a potential role in the regulation of the disease. Consequently, we examined the development of EAO in mice with elevated levels of follistatin, an endogenous activin antagonist, as a potential therapeutic approach to testicular inflammation. Prior to EAO induction, mice received a single intramuscular injection of a non-replicative recombinant adeno-associated viral vector carrying a gene cassette of the circulating form of follistatin, FST315 (FST group). Serum follistatin levels were increased 5-fold in the FST group compared with the control empty vector (EV) group at 30 and 50 days of EAO, but intra-testicular levels of follistatin or activin A were not significantly altered. Induction of EAO was reduced, but not prevented, with mild-to-severe damage in 75% of the EV group and 40% of the FST group, at 50 days following immunisation with testicular homogenate. However, the EAO damage score (based on disruption of the blood–testis barrier, apoptosis, testicular damage and fibrosis) and extent of intratesticular inflammation (expression of inflammatory mediators) were directly proportional to the levels of activin A measured in the testis at 50 days. These data implicate activin A in the progression of EAO, thereby providing a potential therapeutic target; however, elevating circulating follistatin levels were not sufficient to prevent EAO development.
Effect of urokinase type plasminogen activator on in vitro bovine oocyte maturation
Authors: Mariela Roldán-Olarte , Verónica Maillo , María Jesús Sánchez-Calabuig , Paula Beltrán-Breña , Dimitrios Rizos , Alfonso Gutiérrez-Adán
Published: July 2017

This study examines the impacts of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) on thein vitromaturation (IVM) of bovine oocytes. Cumulus–oocyte complexes in IVM medium were treated with uPA, amiloride (an uPA inhibitor), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or left untreated (control group). After 24 h of IVM, oocytes were recovered for testing or werein vitrofertilized and cultured to the blastocyst stage. The factors examined in all groups were: (i) oocyte nuclear maturation (Hoëscht staining); (ii) oocyte cytoplasmic maturation (cortical granules, CGs, distribution assessed by LCA-FITC); (iii) oocyte and cumulus cell (CC) gene expression (RT-qPCR); and (iv) embryo development (cleavage rate and blastocyst yield). Oocytes subjected to uPA treatment showed rates of nuclear maturation and CG distribution patterns similar to controls (P > 0.05), whereas lower rates of oocyte maturation were recorded in the amiloride group (P < 0.05). Both in oocytes and CC, treatment with uPA did not affect the transcription of genes related to apoptosis, cell junctions, cell cycle or serpin protease inhibitors. In contrast, amiloride altered the expression of genes associated with cell junctions, cell cycle, oxidative stress and CC serpins. No differences were observed between the control and uPA group in cleavage rate or in blastocyst yield recorded on Days 7, 8 or 9 post-insemination. However, amiloride led to drastically reduced cleavage rate (28.5% vs 83.2%) and Day 9 embryo production (6.0% vs 21.0%) over the rates recorded for DMSO. These results indicate that the proteolytic activity of uPA is needed for successful oocyte maturation in bovine.
Points of narrowness and uniformly narrow operators
Authors: Gumenchuk A.I. , Krasikova I.V. , Popov M.M.
Published: July 2017

It is known that the sum of every two narrow operators on $L_1$ is narrow, however the same is false for $L_p$ with $1 < p < \infty$. The present paper continues numerous investigations of the kind. Firstly, we study narrowness of a linear and orthogonally additive operators on Kothe function spaces and Riesz spaces at a fixed point. Theorem 1 asserts that, for every Kothe Banach space $E$ on a finite atomless measure space there exist continuous linear operators $S,T: E \to E$ which are narrow at some fixed point but the sum $S+T$ is not narrow at the same point. Secondly, we introduce and study uniformly narrow pairs of operators $S,T: E \to X$, that is, for every $e \in E$ and every $\varepsilon > 0$ there exists a decomposition $e = e' + e''$ to disjoint elements such that $\|S(e') - S(e'')\| < \varepsilon$ and $\|T(e') - T(e'')\| < \varepsilon$. The standard tool in the literature to prove the narrowness of the sum of two narrow operators $S+T$ is to show that the pair $S,T$ is uniformly narrow. We study the question of whether every pair of narrow operators with narrow sum is uniformly narrow. Having no counterexample, we prove several theorems showing that the answer is affirmative for some partial cases.
Poincare series for the algebras of joint invariants and covariants of $n$ quadratic forms
Authors: Ilash N.B.
Published: July 2017

We consider one of the fundamental problems of classical invariant theory - the research of Poincare series for an algebra of invariants of Lie group $SL_2$. The first two terms of the Laurent series expansion of Poincare series at the point $z = 1$ give us important information about the structure of the algebra $\mathcal{I}_{d}.$ It was derived by Hilbert for the algebra ${\mathcal{I}_{d}=\mathbb{C}[V_d]^{\,SL_2}}$ of invariants for binary $d-$form (by $V_d$ denote the vector space over $\mathbb{C}$ consisting of all binary forms homogeneous of degree $d$). Springer got this result, using explicit formula for the Poincare series of this algebra. We consider this problem for the algebra of joint invariants $\mathcal{I}_{2n}=\mathbb{C}[\underbrace{V_2 \oplus V_2 \oplus \cdots \oplus V_2}_{\text{n times}}]^{SL_2}$ and the algebra of joint covariants $\mathcal{C}_{2n}=\mathbb{C}[\underbrace{V_2 {\oplus} V_2 {\oplus} \cdots {\oplus} V_2}_{\text{n times}}{\oplus}\mathbb{C}^2 ]^{SL_2}$ of $n$ quadratic forms. We express the Poincare series $\mathcal{P}(\mathcal{C}_{2n},z)=\sum_{j=0}^{\infty }\dim(\mathcal{C}_{2n})_{j}\, z^j$ and $\mathcal{P}(\mathcal{I}_{2n},z)=\sum_{j=0}^{\infty }\dim(\mathcal{I}_{2n})_{j}\, z^j$ of these algebras in terms of Narayana polynomials.   Also, for these algebras we calculate the degrees and asymptotic behavious of the degrees, using their Poincare series.
Properties of power series of analytic in a bidisc functions of bounded $\mathbf{L}$-index in joint variables
Authors: Bandura A.I. , Petrechko N.V.
Published: July 2017

We generalized some criteria of boundedness of $\mathbf{L}$-index in joint variables for analytic in a bidisc functions, where $\mathbf{L}(z)=(l_1(z_1,z_2),$ $l_{2}(z_1,z_2)),$ $l_j:\mathbb{D}^2\to \mathbb{R}_+$ is a continuous function, $j\in\{1,2\},$ $\mathbb{D}^2$ is a bidisc $\{(z_1,z_2)\in\mathbb{C}^2: |z_1|<1,|z_2|<1\}.$ The propositions describe a behaviour of power series expansion on a skeleton of a bidisc. We estimated power series expansion by a dominating homogeneous polynomial with the degree that does not exceed some number depending only from radii of bidisc. Replacing universal quantifier by existential quantifier for radii of bidisc, we also proved sufficient conditions of boundedness of $\mathbf{L}$-index in joint variables for analytic functions which are weaker than necessary conditions.
Parabolic systems of Shilov-type with coefficients of bounded smoothness and nonnegative genus
Authors: Litovchenko V.A. , Unguryan G.M.
Published: July 2017

The Shilov-type parabolic systems are parabolically stable systems for changing its coefficients unlike of parabolic systems by Petrovskii. That's why the modern theory of the Cauchy problem for class by Shilov-type systems is developing abreast how the theory of the systems with constant or time-dependent coefficients alone. Building the theory of the Cauchy problem for systems with variable coefficients is actually today. A new class of linear parabolic systems with partial derivatives to the first order by the time $t$ with variable coefficients that includes a class of the Shilov-type systems with time-dependent coefficients and non-negative genus is considered in this work. A main part of differential expression concerning space variable $x$ of each such system is parabolic (by Shilov) expression. Coefficients of this expression are time-dependent, but coefficients of a group of younger members may depend also a space variable. We built the fundamental solution of the Cauchy problem for systems from this class by the method of sequential approximations. Conditions of  minimal smoothness on  coefficients of the systems by  variable $x$ are founded, the smoothness of solution is investigated and estimates of derivatives of this solution are obtained.  These results are important for  investigating  of the correct solution of the Cauchy problem for this systems in different functional spaces, obtaining forms of description of the solution of this problem and its properties.
A High-Density Linkage Map Reveals Sexual Dimorphism in Recombination Landscapes in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)
Authors: Johnston Susan E , Huisman Jisca , Ellis Philip A , Pemberton Josephine M
Published: July 2017

High-density linkage maps are an important tool to gain insight into the genetic architecture of traits of evolutionary and economic interest, and provide a resource to characterize variation in recombination landscapes. Here, we used information from the cattle genome and the 50 K Cervine Illumina BeadChip to inform and refine a high-density linkage map in a wild population of red deer (Cervus elaphus). We constructed a predicted linkage map of 38,038 SNPs and a skeleton map of 10,835 SNPs across 34 linkage groups. We identified several chromosomal rearrangements in the deer lineage relative to sheep and cattle, including six chromosome fissions, one fusion, and two large inversions. Otherwise, our findings showed strong concordance with map orders in the cattle genome. The sex-averaged linkage map length was 2739.7 cM and the genome-wide autosomal recombination rate was 1.04 cM/Mb. The female autosomal map length was 1.21 longer than that of males (2767.4 cM vs. 2280.8 cM, respectively). Sex differences in map length were driven by high female recombination rates in peri-centromeric regions, a pattern that is unusual relative to other mammal species. This effect was more pronounced in fission chromosomes that would have had to produce new centromeres. We propose two hypotheses to explain this effect: (1) that this mechanism may have evolved to counteract centromeric drive associated with meiotic asymmetry in oocyte production; and/or (2) that sequence and structural characteristics suppressing recombination in close proximity to the centromere may not have evolved at neo-centromeres. Our study provides insight into how recombination landscapes vary and evolve in mammals, and will provide a valuable resource for studies of evolution, genetic improvement, and population management in red deer and related species.
ePortfolios and PLA
Authors: Hurley Betty
Published: July 2017

The division between formal and informal learning is blurring. Terms such as emergent learning be er describe a networked environment of resources and a learner's interaction with those resources in creative ways. ePortfolios provide a natural environment for documenting emergent learning, perhaps in preparation for gaining a credential for that learning.
A Szentendrei-sziget zárt ártéri tölgyesei (Melico nutantis-Quercetum roboris KEVEY 2008)
Authors: Kevey Balázs , Bőhm Éva Irén
Published: July 2017

Jelen tanulmány a Szentendrei-sziget zárt száraz tölgyeseinek társulási viszonyait mu­tatja be tíz cönológiai felvétel alapján. A felmért állományok az egyéb alföldi tájak erdei közül a Sziget­köz zárt ártéri tölgyeseivel (Melico nutantis-Quercetum roboris) mutatják a legközelebbi rokonságot. Az elemzési eredmények szerint ezen erdőkben az elmúlt 70 év alatt megnövekedett a természetes gyo­mok (W), a meghonosodott idegen fajok (I) és az agresszív tájidegen inváziós fajok (AC) aránya.
A herbáriumról (gondolatok és jótanácsok)
Authors: Felföldy Lajos
Published: July 2017

A növénygyűjtemény (herbárium) készítés – gyűjtés, preparálás, cédulázás – múzeumok, tudományos intézetek, esetleg iskolák és gyűjtőszenvedélytől fűtött magánosok számára válhat céllá. Ez részint – a fenti mottó szellemében – a gyűjtemény-készítésért magáért tör­ténik. Másrészt azonban azért, mert a szentencia, hogy „növényismeret nélkül nincs botanika” ma is érvényes, és kétségtelen, hogy a növények megismerésének legbiztosabb és legegysze­rűbb módja herbárium készítése és tanulmányozása. Emellett a terepen dolgozó botanikus – bármilyen jó növényismerőnek is tartja magát – mindig találkozik olyan növényekkel, me­lyeket csak alapos vizsgálat után tud azonosítani, kénytelen is „gyűjteni” későbbi vizsgálat céljára.
A Vaccinium microcarpum (Turcz. ex Rupr.) Schmalh. Magyarországon
Authors: Nagy János György , Zsinka Bernadett , Verebélyi Viktória , Zorkóczy Orsolya Krisztina , Tyler Teadora
Published: July 2017

A növényt, amelyet 1994-ben Vaccinium oxycoccos L. néven közöltek a Siroki Nyírjes-tóról, e cikk első szerzője 1999-ben Vaccinium microcarpum (Turcz. ex Rupr.) Schmalh. fajként azonosította. A határozás helyességét bizonyító morfometriai tulajdonságok gyűjtésére 2016. augusztus 24-én került sor a siroki Nyírjes-tó tőzegmohalápján és szeptember 2-án és 3-án a beregi Báb-tava és a Nyíres-tó tőzegmohalápján. A vizsgálatokhoz felhasználtuk a Beregi-lápokon készített korábbi saját fényképfelvételeinket is. A siroki állomány növényeinek apró, háromszög-tojásdad alakú levelei a levélvállnál a legszélesebbek, a tojásdad-elliptikus murvák a csupasz virágkocsányok alsó harmadában fejlődnek, sötét rózsaszín virágaik magánosak, a porzószálak abaxiális felülete mindenütt szőrős, és a termés körte alakú. A beregi állomány növényeinek ezzel szemben elliptikus-tojásdad levelei szélességében és hosszúságában is jóval nagyobbak. Szőrös virágkocsányaik középső harmadában fejlődnek a szálas-lándzsás murvák, fehér virágaik (2)–3–4–(5) virágú virágzatot alkottak, a porzószálaknak csak a szélei szőrösek, a termés gömb alakú. A. A gyűjtött adatok statisztikai elemzése alátámasztotta, hogy a Sirokon található növények V. microcarpum fajhoz, míg a beregiek V. oxycoccos fajhoz tartoznak.
Adatok a színes békaszőlő (Potamogeton coloratus) hazai előfordulásához
Authors: Mesterházy Attila , Vidéki Róbert , Lukács Balázs András , Mészáros András , Molnár V. Attila
Published: July 2017

Az európai elterjedésű színes békaszőlő (Potamogeton coloratus) a földrész egyik ritka és veszélyeztetett faja. Hazánkban korábbi adatai főként termálvizes és karsztvizes források kifolyóiból származnak. A bauxitbányászat következtében ezek a Dunántúli-középhegység peremén lévő források elapadtak, a faj a 20. század utolsó évtizedeire eltűnt Magyarországról. A bányászat felhagyását követően a karsztvizek a legtöbb helyen újra felszínre törtek és a faj a korábbi élőhelyein ismét megjelent. A növényt1999 és 2016 között 18 lelőhelyről sikerült újra kimutatni, ezek jelentős részén már az 1900-as évek elején és közepén is gyűjtötték. A színes békaszőlő legtöbb előfordulása a karsztforrásokból került elő, de ezek környékén mesterséges és természetes tavakban is megtalálható.
Sorption Isotherm Phenomena in Cured Oriented Tobacco II. Sorption Isotherm Criteria
Authors: Amin Aumeed
Published: July 2017

Moisture sorption isotherms in term of thermodynamic aspect, and tobacco-water system were examined for oriental tobaccos. Energetic approaches were used to describe the moisture sorption behavior of tobaccos. Cured tobacco with high moisture content possesses energetic properties different from tobacco of low moisture content of the same type of leaves. Monolayer and surface area of adsorption were evaluated at several temperatures. The vapor pressure iso therm found to be consist of two phases.
A Flow-Injection Method for the Determination of the Total Iron with 3,4-Dihydroxypenylacetic Acid using a Specially Home-Designed Injection System
Authors: Najib Fadhil
Published: July 2017

A special injection system was designed in place of the ordinary commertial rotary injection valve usually used in flow-injection analysis (FIA). The system is a combination of two glass liquid distributing valves, a three-way and a four-way types. The two valves were connected together with PVC tubings of 1 mm. I.D. in such a way to produce an external loop having a volume of about 100 μL. The loop can be loaded with the desired solution without disturbing the flow in the rest of the manifold. The system was used successfully to determine total Iron in iron-containing drugs spectrophotometrically using 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (3,4- DHPAA) as reagent at 596nm. and a flow-rate of 0.05mL/min. The carrier rate of 1 mL/min. The calibration curve was linear between 0 - 8.3 ppm total Iron with a correlation coefficient r = 0.99996 confidence interval (y ± ts / √n) was 72.44 ± 0.6 at 95% confidence limit degree of freedom = 5.

Analysis of Iron containing drugs after dissolution with 0.005M HCl or HNO3 gave errors not exceeding 5% represented by recovery tests of standard Iron solutions added to these samples. At least 20 samples could be determined per hour with coefficient of variation between 1.1 - 1.4%.
A Flow-Injection Method for the Determination of the Total Iron using 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde
Authors: Najib Fadhil , Rafiq Arian
Published: July 2017

A home-made design flow-injection system has been described in a previous work. This system has been applied in the present work for the determination of total iron using the reagent 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3,4-DHBA). Optimization of all conditions were as follows: λmax 440 nm., pH of the carrier stream(C.S) 8.8 and its flow rate with the reagent 1.1 ml.min-1, reagent concentration 0.001M and the Manifold length was 60cm. Optimum, linear range of the calibration curve plotted by the method of Least Square with any one of the two equations Y=a+bX or Y=bX; including zero (the blank reading) as one of the standards, was between 0 - 8ppm. total Iron. The accuracy of the method was measured by calculating percentage recovery of 10 μg Iron (II+III) added to samples of Iron-Drugs after dissolution with 0.1 MHCl. The error did not exceed 5% with Coefficient of Variation between 2.5 - 3.3% Paired Comparison by t-test between two calibration curves showed no significant difference at 95% confidence limit.
Kurdistan Natural Asphalt as Paving and Mastic Asphalt Compared with Petroleum Base Asphalt
Authors: Karim Abdul-Salam
Published: July 2017

The bituminous material of Kurdistan has been studied for using it as paving, mastic, and water proofing asphalt. The results showed that after treatment with water motor oil or atmospheric distillation residue produced in Kurdistan refinery. It was possible to produce base asphalt of different penetration grades between 40 to 300 in the ratios of 25, 35 and 50% w/w bitumen within the international specifications, except ductility which can be achieved also by raising temp. of petroleum distillation up to 360 0c.
Asphalt paving mixtures have been prepared using the local base asphalt of (40-50) penetration grade and mineral filler and fine aggregates according to AASHTO specifications using different asphalt ratios namely (4,4.5 and 5% w/w) with requirements of Marshall and deforming tests and compared with asphalt paving mixtures petroleum base asphalt produced in Baiji refinery, these laboratory works improved by plant application by paving (52) m of Sulaimani-Arbat road.
Then mastic asphalt according to the specifications ASTM D491-79 was prepared by mixing filler and aggregates with the locally prepared base asphalt in the following ratios (base asphalt 30% filler 30% fine aggregate 30% coarse aggregate 10% 2) by using four different fillers, namely (cement, sand, active clay, and sulfur) and all results compared with those obtained from mastic asphalt prepared using petroleum base asphalt produced in Baiji refinery.
Hiwa Magazine 1957-1963 and participation in the contemporary literary movement
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed
Published: July 2017

Journalism as a major media channel, along with the dissemination of news and rumors, is entrusted with the message of conveying literary revival, especially among nations that have been in the wave of journalism since the beginning of this century.Kurdish newspapers and magazines have been the engines and encouragers of Kurdish literature in their own periods and stages of history. They have opened a wide field for well-known writers and helped young people Their works Through 36 issues between July 1957 and February 1963, Hiwa magazine was able to create a new field for Kurdish literature and fill the wide gap that closed in July 1939-9This article focuses on the literary movement that Hiwa published in two different periods (the monarchy and the republic).
Evaluation of wheat cultivars for drought resistance during germinating
Authors: Amin Aumeed , Tawfik Shirwan
Published: July 2017

Cultivars seeds of T. durum and T. aestivum were tested for their potential germination under drought stress conditions. Seeds of aestivum c.v.'s were more drought stress resistant that durum c.v.'s seeds. In addition, aestivum seed germinate faster thatn durum under high stress conditions. Cultivars were differ in their respond to different moisture stress conditions.
Strength of wall/frame panels subjected to vertical loading.
Authors: Kadir Mohamed
Published: July 2017

This paper presents simple approximate methods for predicting cracking and ultimate strengths of masonry wall inside frames subjected to vertical loading. The approaches are based on some assumptions taking into consideration both stiffness of the frame and the properties of the masonry wall. Curves in terms of Dimensionless parameters are prepared for design purposes.
An Integrated method of: Area determination of cross-section
Authors: Henari Kubad
Published: July 2017

An integrated method for determination of the areas from cross-sections of one level section, two level section and three level section was followed. The cases of seciton of cut only, fill only and partly cut and partly fill sections with their combinations between different types of cross-sections are considered to be fifty-eight cases. From these cases five main half sections generalize the calculation of the areas and the combination between them recovers all fifty-eight cases of the sections. Calculation of areas was performed using graphs using graphs and tables with simple multiplication and additions.
Evaluation of the growth and yield of local lentils (Lens Culinaris) under the influence of different methods of cultivation and seeding rates.
Authors: Hassan Aziz , Ali Ismaeel
Published: July 2017

In a factorial experiment using RCDB design with three replications carried out at the College of Agriculture at the University of Dohuk in Semail during the two seasons (1994-93, 1996-95) it included a study of the effect of two methods of cultivation (scattering and in lines) and four rates of seeding (30, 60, 90, 120 kg/ha) depends on the growth and yield of locally grown lentils. The results showed that the local lentil responded to an increase in the seeding rate to 120 kg/ha, and this had a positive effect on the yield. Seeds and the two methods of cultivation and in the two seasons.
Sufi Romance in Goran's Poem (Women and Beauty and a Beautiful Movement).
Authors: Karim Thaher
Published: July 2017

If for the classics, nature and woman are two different subjects, then for the romantics they are complementary The view that man is a miniature of nature and that both work for the sake of humanity. Nature has always been the center of his thought to identify the universe and its Creator. Thus, nature is life, death, resurrection and an inexhaustible force of the Creator of this universe that has always tried to dominate the power of ordinary man (3) Thus, the Romantics revealed that nature is a valuable tool of art and man. Because the Romantics were able to give nature a movement as if you were part of nature, with a genuine feeling and sacred enthusiasm to choose nature While they fly through nature and enter the natural world, they create a movement to integrate into the lives of people, especially women, who are an important part of the life of Komala in general and the romantic poets In particular, the goals of romantics are two main things: art and humanity. They paint the most beautiful pictures of nature through thought, emotion and mind. The most beautiful picture of nature is women.In this study, we will select two examples of Abdullah Goran's poetry and examine them in the light of our title. In both poems, we find ourselves in front of two main paintings, both of which created a difficult and expensive movement Like the dances of Jalal al-Din Rumi, who believed in the power of the universe and the love of God.
Separation and Characterization of Polyoheniloxidase (PPO) from Melissia Officinalis
Authors: Sabir D. , Putros B.
Published: July 2017

Polyphenol oxidase ( ppo) of Melissia officinalis was isolated and purified by gel

filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Three isoenzymes were separated.The

isoelectric points and some kinetic properties of these isonzymes are reported.
Synthesis of some oxopyrano-oxazine compounds from the reactions of malonyl with organonitriles
Authors: Hussain Faiq , Hawaiz Farouq
Published: July 2017

The reaction of malonyl chloride with RCN (R: Cyclopentyl , CHPU2 , C6II3BTF)

at 100 C" and room temperature yielded pyrimidine derivatives , 2(R: Cyclopentyl )

and oxopyrano oxazine derivatives 4(R,cyclopentyl ; CHphz, Cd{jBrF) respectively ,

The structures of these products have been determined by elemental analysis and

spectroscopic methods
Qara-Chattan Roacslide in Pira-Magroon Aticline, Northeastern Iraq
Authors: Ahmad Kamal , Hamasur Ghafir , Mohamad Sherzad
Published: July 2017

This paper deals with a rock failure from Pira-Magroon Mountain, Northeastern Iraq. Field study and graphical representation showed that this failure is a rockslide. Being located near Qara-Chattan village, we named this phenomenon as Qara-Chattan Rockslide. About 200 million tons of rock materials are slided from the elevation of 29000 meters above sea level to the elevation of 1000 meters. The slide rock debris now rested on a gently sloping plain near the village and forming a tongue like hill about 50 meters high. Many geomorphologic features and slide activating factors are also discussed as well as stereonet analysis of the rockslide.
Response of wheat to gypsum soil conditioners
Authors: Khalf Akram , Ali Ismaeel , Hassan Aziz
Published: July 2017

This study was conducted in the greenhouse of the College of Agriculture and Forestry / University of Mosul during the agricultural season 1988-1989 to find out the effect of some locally available and economically inexpensive soil conditioners on the organic carbon and the carbon to nitrogen ratio of two types of gypsum soils cultivated with wheat with a high content of gypsum. 37 And others with a low gypsum content of 8% are located in the Shirqata region of Nineveh Governorate.The results showed an improvement in the soil content of organic carbon and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen for the two types of soil when adding these conditioners, and the response of gypsum soils to nitrogen fertilization or when mixed with wheat straw in terms of their positive effect on the growth and production characteristics of wheat. As for the rest of the conditioners, despite their negative effects on growth and production characteristics, they recorded a positive effect on the soil organic carbon content and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the two soils after the first season of cultivation.