bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumer Acceptance and Value in Use-Oriented Product-Service Systems: Lessons from Swedish Consumer Goods Companies
Authors: Borg Daniel , Mont Oksana , Schoonover Heather
Published: September 2020

In order to make our production and consumption systems more sustainable, there is a need to further explore and support novel business models with higher sustainability potential. Use-oriented product-service systems (u-PSS) are considered a promising alternative to traditional ownership-based business models, as they may result in lower environmental impacts. The presence of u-PSS in consumer goods markets, however, is still small. This is due in part to the nature of the products and lack of consumer acceptance of u-PSS. Lately, however, companies in Sweden have begun offering u-PSS for consumer goods, thereby challenging earlier findings. Understanding about how companies encourage consumers to select u-PSS over ownership-based options is still lacking. We investigate this question by conducting interviews with and analysing websites and publicly available company reports of seven Swedish companies from three consumer goods sectors: clothing, eyewear and furniture. We found that, while consumer barriers to u-PSS found in previous studies—uncertainty and trust, economics and costs and desire to own—persist, tailoring elements of u-PSS business models to different markets, sectors and consumer segments can help address these barriers and ensure u-PSS resonate with consumers. The study also applies the concept of consumer perceived value to show how emphasising different dimensions of value—financial, functional, emotional and social—provided by u-PSS may help increase their acceptance and adoption.
Context-Dependent Object Proposal and Recognition
Authors: Chang Ray-I , Ting Chao-Lung , Wu Syuan-Yi , Yin Peng-Yeng
Published: September 2020

Accurate and fast object recognition is crucial in applications such as automatic driving and unmanned aerial vehicles. Traditional object recognition methods relying on image-wise computations cannot afford such real-time applications. Object proposal methods appear to fit into this scenario by segmenting object-like regions to be further analyzed by sophisticated recognition models. Traditional object proposal methods have the drawback of generating many proposals in order to maintain a satisfactory recall of true objects. This paper presents two proposal refinement strategies based on low-level cues and context-dependent features, respectively. The low-level cues are used to enhance the edge image, while the context-dependent features are verified to rule out false objects that are irrelevant to our application. In particular, the context of the drink commodity is considered because the drink commodity has the largest sales in Taiwan’s convenience store chains, and the analysis of its context has great value in marketing and management. We further developed a support vector machine (SVM) based on the Bag of Words (BoW) model with scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) descriptors to recognize the proposals. The experimental results show that our object proposal method generates many fewer proposals than those generated by Selective Search and EdgeBoxes, with similar recall. For the performance of SVM, at least 82% of drink objects are correctly recognized for test datasets of various challenging difficulties.
Rapid Estimation of TVWS: A Probabilistic Approach Based on Sensed Signal Parameters
Authors: Corral-De-Witt Danilo , Ahmed Sabbir , Rojo-Álvarez José Luis , Tepe Kemal
Published: September 2020

The current demand for a wireless electromagnetic spectrum is higher than ever before due to rapid technological development in the field of information and communication technologies that has resulted in monumental growth in data-centric services. The usage of idle TV channels in the Television Ultra High Frequencies (TV-UHF) band (500–698 MHz), also known as Television White Spaces (TVWS), is a relatively new and promising concept for wireless connectivity that can be used to cater to the demand. A challenge in this setting is to figure out a fast and cost-effective method of TVWS presence estimation, such as the use of open hardware and software tools, reducing sensing time. This article proposes a Rapid Estimation Method (REM) for TVWS estimation that uses the statistical information of the sensed signals. Our probabilistic approach analyzes the collected parameters of more than eight million data samples taken by scanning the TV-UHF spectrum in the city of Windsor, ON, Canada. The calculated statistical parameters and a group of auxiliary parameters were combined to estimate rapidly the amount of TVWS available in the sensed locations. By applying the proposed rapid estimation method, the presence of TVWS was identified and verified with an accuracy of about 76% according to the results obtained, the average variation when comparing the calculated and detected probabilities of TVWS was in a range of 15%, and the method could be a viable solution to the spectrum need.
Uremic Toxins and Vascular Calcification–Missing the Forest for All the Trees
Authors: Rapp Nikolas , Evenepoel Pieter , Stenvinkel Peter , Schurgers Leon
Published: September 2020

The cardiorenal syndrome relates to the detrimental interplay between the vascular system and the kidney. The uremic milieu induced by reduced kidney function alters the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and promotes vascular calcification, a condition which is strongly linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Biological mechanisms involved include generation of reactive oxygen species, inflammation and accelerated senescence. A better understanding of the vasotoxic effects of uremic retention molecules may reveal novel avenues to reduce vascular calcification in CKD. The present review aims to present a state of the art on the role of uremic toxins in pathogenesis of vascular calcification. Evidence, so far, is fragmentary and limited with only a few uremic toxins being investigated, often by a single group of investigators. Experimental heterogeneity furthermore hampers comparison. There is a clear need for a concerted action harmonizing and standardizing experimental protocols and combining efforts of basic and clinical researchers to solve the complex puzzle of uremic vascular calcification.
Fumonisin B1 Epigenetically Regulates PTEN Expression and Modulates DNA Damage Checkpoint Regulation in HepG2 Liver Cells
Authors: Arumugam Thilona , Ghazi Terisha , Chuturgoon Anil
Published: September 2020

Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a Fusarium-produced mycotoxin, is found in various foods and feeds. It is a well-known liver carcinogen in experimental animals; however, its role in genotoxicity is controversial. The current study investigated FB1-triggered changes in the epigenetic regulation of PTEN and determined its effect on DNA damage checkpoint regulation in human liver hepatoma G2 (HepG2) cells. Following treatment with FB1 (IC50: 200 µM; 24 h), the expression of miR-30c, KDM5B, PTEN, H3K4me3, PI3K, AKT, p-ser473-AKT, CHK1, and p-ser280-CHK1 was measured using qPCR and/or Western blot. H3K4me3 enrichment at the PTEN promoter region was assayed via a ChIP assay and DNA damage was determined using an ELISA. FB1 induced oxidative DNA damage. Total KDM5B expression was reduced, which subsequently increased the total H3K4me3 and the enrichment of H3K4me3 at PTEN promoters. Increased H3K4me3 induced an increase in PTEN transcript levels. However, miR-30c inhibited PTEN translation. Thus, PI3K/AKT signaling was activated, inhibiting CHK1 activity via phosphorylation of its serine 280 residue preventing the repair of damaged DNA. In conclusion, FB1 epigenetically modulates the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling cascade, preventing DNA damage checkpoint regulation, and induces significant DNA damage.
Releasing Intracellular NS1 from Mosquito Cells for the Detection of Dengue Virus-Infected Mosquitoes
Authors: Cheng Lie , Liu Wei-Liang , Li Hsing-Han , Su Matthew P. , Wu Shih-Cheng , Chen Hsin-Wei , Pan Chao-Ying , Tsai Jih-Jin , Chen Chun-Hong
Published: September 2020

Dengue virus (DENV), the pathogen that causes dengue fever, is mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Surveillance of infected mosquitoes is a major component of integrated mosquito control methods for reducing the risk of vector-born disease outbreaks. However, a specialized rapid test for DENV detection in mosquitoes is not currently available. Utilizing immunoblotting, we found that the secretion of NS1 from both a DENV-infected mosquito cell line and mosquito bodies was below the detection threshold. However, when Triton X-100 was used to lyse infected mosquitoes, intracellular NS1 was released, and could then be effectively detected by the NS1 rapid test. The distribution of DENV NS1 in intrathoracically infected mosquitoes was different from that of orally infected mosquitoes. Next, we performed sensitivity tests by bisecting mosquitoes longitudinally; one half of each mosquito was subjected to the NS1 rapid test while the other half was used for qPCR confirmation. This modified test had a sensitivity of nearly 90% from five days post-infection onwards, while DENV had escaped from the midgut barrier. This adapted test offers a valuable, easy-to-use tool for mosquito surveillance, which is a crucial component of DENV disease control.
Overview of the Nucleic-Acid Binding Properties of the HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein in Its Different Maturation States
Authors: Mouhand Assia , Pasi Marco , Catala Marjorie , Zargarian Loussiné , Belfetmi Anissa , Barraud Pierre , Mauffret Olivier , Tisné Carine
Published: September 2020

HIV-1 Gag polyprotein orchestrates the assembly of viral particles. Its C-terminus consists of the nucleocapsid (NC) domain that interacts with nucleic acids, and p1 and p6, two unstructured regions, p6 containing the motifs to bind ALIX, the cellular ESCRT factor TSG101 and the viral protein Vpr. The processing of Gag by the viral protease subsequently liberates NCp15 (NC-p1-p6), NCp9 (NC-p1) and NCp7, NCp7 displaying the optimal chaperone activity of nucleic acids. This review focuses on the nucleic acid binding properties of the NC domain in the different maturation states during the HIV-1 viral cycle.
p24G1 Encoded by Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Virus 1 Suppresses RNA Silencing and Elicits Hypersensitive Response-Like Necrosis in Nicotiana Species
Authors: Zhang Chen-Wei , Liu Qing , Zeng Qi , Huang Wen-Ting , Wang Qi , Cheng Yu-Qin
Published: September 2020

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1) is a major pathogen associated with grapevine leafroll disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying GLRaV-1 interactions with plant cells are unclear. Using Agrobacterium infiltration-mediated RNA-silencing assays, we demonstrated that GLRaV-1 p24 protein (p24G1) acts as an RNA-silencing suppressor (RSS), inhibiting local and systemic RNA silencing. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that p24G1 binds double-stranded 21-nucleotide small interfering RNA (siRNA), and that siRNA binding is required but not sufficient for its RSS activity. p24G1 localizes in the nucleus and can self-interact through its amino acid 10 to 210 region. Dimerization is needed for p24G1 interaction with importin α1 before moving to the nucleus, but is not required for its siRNA binding and RSS activity. Expression of p24G1 from a binary pGD vector or potato virus X-based vector elicited a strong hypersensitive response in Nicotiana species, indicating that p24G1 may be a factor in pathogenesis. Furthermore, p24G1 function in pathogenesis required its RSS activity, dimerization and nuclear localization. In addition, the region of amino acids 122–139 played a crucial role in the nuclear import, siRNA binding, silencing suppression and pathogenic activity of p24G1. These results contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying GLRaV-1 infection.
Infiltration Characteristics and Spatiotemporal Distribution of Soil Moisture in Layered Soil under Vertical Tube Irrigation
Authors: Wang Cheng , Bai Dan , Li Yibo , Wang Xinduan , Pei Zhen , Dong Zuochao
Published: September 2020

The limited quantity of irrigation water in Xinjiang has hindered agricultural development in the region and water-saving irrigation technologies are crucial to addressing this water shortage. Vertical tube irrigation, a type of subsurface irrigation, is a new water-efficient technology. In this study, field and laboratory experiments were conducted to analyze (1) the infiltration characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of moisture in layered soil and (2) the water-saving mechanism of vertical tube irrigation. In the field experiments, we analyzed jujube yield, irrigation water productivity (IWP), and soil moisture in the jujube root zone. In the laboratory irrigation experiments, two soil types (silty and sandy loam) were selected to investigate homogeneous and layered soil, respectively. Cumulative infiltration, wetting body, and soil water moisture distribution were also analyzed. Relative to surface drip irrigation, vertical tube irrigation resulted in slightly lower jujube yields but higher savings in water use (47–68%) and improved IWP. The laboratory experiments demonstrated that layered soil had less cumulative infiltration, a larger ellipsoid wetted body, slower vertical wetting front migration (hindered by layer interface), and faster horizontal wetting front migration than homogenous soil had. The irrigation amount for vertical tube irrigation decreased in layered soil, and water content increased at the layer interface. Vertical tube irrigation in layered soil facilitates the retention of water in the root zone, prevents deep leakage, reduces irrigation amount, and improves the IWP of jujube trees. This study aids the popularization and application of vertical tube irrigation technology.
The Assessment of Hydrological Availability and the Payment for Ecosystem Services: A Pilot Study in a Brazilian Headwater Catchment
Authors: Lopes Simedo Mariana Bárbara , Pissarra Teresa Cristina Tarlé , Mello Martins Antonio Lucio , Lopes Maria Conceição , Araújo Costa Renata Cristina , Zanata Marcelo , Pacheco Fernando António Leal , Fernandes Luís Filipe Sanches
Published: September 2020

The assessment of water availability in river basins is at the top of the water security agenda. Historically, the assessment of stream flow discharge in Brazilian watersheds was relevant for dam dimensioning, flood control projects and irrigation systems. Nowadays, it plays an important role in the creation of sustainable management plans at the catchment scale aimed to help in establishing legal policies on water resources management and water security laws, namely, those related to the payment for environmental services related to clean water production. Headwater catchments are preferential targets of these policies and laws for their water quality. The general objective of this study was to evaluate water availability in first-order sub-basins of a Brazilian headwater catchment. The specific objectives were: (1) to assess the stream flow discharge of first-order headwater sub-basins and rank them accordingly; (2) to analyze the feasibility of payment for environmental services related to water production in these sub-basins. The discharge flow measurements were conducted during five years (2012 to 2016), in headwaters in a watershed on the São Domingos River at the Turvo/Grande Watershed, represented as the 4th-largest hydrographic unit for water resources management—UGRHI-15 in São Paulo State, Brazil. A doppler velocity technology was used to remotely measure open-channel flow and to collect the data. The discharge values were obtained on periodic measurements, at the beginning of each month. The results were subject to descriptive statistics that analyzed the temporal and spatial data related to sub-basins morphometric characteristics. The discharge flows showed space–time variations in magnitude between studied headwater sub-basins on water availability, assessed based on average net discharges. The set of ecological processes supported by forests are fundamental in controlling and recharging aquifers and preserving the volume of water in headwater in each sub-basin. The upstream inflows influence downstream sub-basins. To avoid scarcity, the headwater rivers located in the upstream sub-basins must not consider basin area as a single and homogeneous unit, because that may be the source of water conflicts. Understanding this relationship in response to conservationist practices installed uphill influenced by anthropic actions is crucial for water security assessment. The headwaters should be considered a great potential for ecosystem services, with respect to the “provider-receiver” principle, in the context of payments for environmental services (PES).
Decomposition and Attribution Analysis of Runoff Alteration of the Dongting Lake in China
Authors: Huang Yuyun , Yu Minghui , Tian Haoyong , Liu Yujiao
Published: September 2020

The runoff process in the Dongting Lake has been influenced by climate change and human activities in recent decades. To manage the Dongting Lake efficiently and exploit water resources properly under the background of water shortage, it is desired to detect the factors of runoff change in the Dongting Lake. Hydro-meteorological data from 1961 to 2019 are analyzed to reveal the climate change and runoff alteration of the Dongting Lake comprehensively. Mutation test is used to detect the change points of runoff depth series, finding that 1984 and 2005 are change points and therefore 1961–1983, 1984–2004, and 2005–2019 are regarded as baseline period (BP), period 1 (P1), and period 2 (P2), respectively. Eight methods are used to quantitatively assess the relative contribution of human activities and climate change on runoff variation. It reveals that climate change especially precipitation change plays the dominant role (climate change makes runoff depth increase 70.14–121.51 mm, human activities make runoff depth decrease 51.98–103.35 mm) in runoff alteration in P1 while human activities play a prime role (account for 88.47–93.17%) in P2. Human activities such as reservoir construction, water consumption, and land-use (land-cover) change may be the main factors that influence the runoff in the Dongting Lake in P2. According to the sensitivity analysis, runoff in the Dongting Lake is more sensitive to climate change in P2 compared with that in P1, and no matter in P1 or P2, runoff is more sensitive to change in precipitation than the change in potential evapotranspiration. Combined with climate forecast, the results of sensitivity analysis can be used to estimate runoff change caused by climate change in the future.
On the Rainfall Intensity–Duration–Frequency Curves, Partial-Area Effect and the Rational Method: Theory and the Engineering Practice
Authors: Campos José Nilson B. , Studart Ticiana Marinho de Carvalho , Souza Filho Francisco de Assis de , Porto Victor Costa
Published: September 2020

This research evaluates the partial-area effect and its relationship with the rainfall intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) equations. In the Rational Method, if the critical rainfall duration is shorter than the time of concentration, the partial-area effect occurs. We proved that the partial area could exist for the general ID equation i=a/(b+td)c, only when c>1. For these equations, in the application of the Rational Method, the maximum discharge at basin outlet occurs for rainfall duration (td) equal to b/(c−1). Nevertheless, for that case, the Depth Duration Frequency (DDF) has a maximum at that rainfall duration. These situations are present in engineering practice and will be discussed in this paper. Research was done to look for IDF equations with c>1 in hydrologic engineering practice. It found 640 inconsistent IDF equations (c>1) in four countries (Brazil, Mexico, India, and USA), which means that a fundamental principle for building consistent IDF equations (i.e., c>1), published in the scientific literature since 1998, did not reach the hydrologic engineering practice fully. We provided some analysis regarding this gap between theory and engineering practice.
Long-Term (2001–2020) Nutrient Transport from a Small Boreal Agricultural Watershed: Hydrological Control and Potential of Retention Ponds
Authors: Uusheimo Sari , Tulonen Tiina , Huotari Jussi , Arvola Lauri
Published: September 2020

Agriculture contributes significantly to phosphorus and nitrogen loading in southern Finland. Climate change with higher winter air temperatures and precipitation may also promote loading increase further. We analyzed long-term nutrient trends (2001–2020) based on year-round weekly water sampling and daily weather data from a boreal small agricultural watershed. In addition, nutrient retention was studied in a constructed sedimentation pond system for two years. We did not find any statistically significant trends in weather conditions (temperature, precipitation, discharge, snow depth) except for an increase in discharge in March. Increasing trends in annual concentrations were found for nitrate, phosphate, and total phosphorus and total nitrogen. In fact, phosphate concentration increased in every season and nitrate concentration in other seasons except in autumn. Total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentrations increased in winter as well and total phosphorus also in summer. Increasing annual loading trend was found for total phosphorus, phosphate, and nitrate. Increasing winter loading was found for nitrate and total nitrogen, but phosphate loading increased in winter, spring, and summer. In the pond system, annual retention of total nitrogen was 1.9–4.8% and that of phosphorus 4.3–6.9%. In addition, 25–40% of suspended solids was sedimented in the ponds. Our results suggest that even small ponds can be utilized to decrease nutrient and material transport, but their retention efficiency varies between years. We conclude that nutrient loading from small boreal agricultural catchments, especially in wintertime, has already increased and is likely to increase even further in the future due to climate change. Thus, the need for new management tools to reduce loading from boreal agricultural lands becomes even more acute.
Supporter Profiling in Recycled Water Reuse: Evidence from Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Lingyan , Duan Mimi , Fu Hanliang
Published: September 2020

Recycled water is considered as a viable alternative water source, and its use is of great significance in dealing with the shortage of water resources. However, it is often rejected by the public during its promotion. To identity the common social attributes of proponents of recycled water, it is essential to study the profiled customers’ willingness to accept recycled water during the most difficult initial stage of promoting recycled water use projects. A meta-analysis was conducted in this study to deal with data concerning the influence of different social demographic factors on the public’s acceptance of recycled water use. Three steps of meta-analysis were mainly used in this paper. First, a random-effect model was used to measure the effect size of influencing factors, such as age, gender, and education. It was found that younger women were more likely to accept recycled water use than older men, and individuals with higher education were more willing to accept recycled water. Then, a cumulative meta-analysis showed that it was feasible to select young women with higher education as target profile customers in the initial stage of recycled water promotion. Finally, according to a meta-regression analysis, it was revealed that different research areas and selected model methods have important regulatory effects on the intention of the target population to use recycled water.
Water Balance for a Tropical Lake in the Volcanic Highlands: Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Muluken L. , Worqlul Abeyou W. , Zimale Fasikaw A. , Tilahun Seifu A. , Steenhuis Tammo S.
Published: September 2020

Lakes hold most of the freshwater resources in the world. Safeguarding these in a changing environment is a major challenge. The 3000 km2 Lake Tana in the headwaters of the Blue Nile in Ethiopia is one of these lakes. It is situated in a zone destined for rapid development including hydropower and irrigation. Future lake management requires detailed knowledge of the water balance of Lake Tana. Since previous water balances varied greatly this paper takes a fresh look by calculating the inflow and losses of the lake. To improve the accuracy of the amount of precipitation falling on the lake, two new rainfall stations were installed in 2013. The Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation Version two (CHIRPS-v2) dataset was used to extend the data. After reviewing all the previous studies and together with our measurements, it was found that the period of 1990–1995 likely had the most accurate gauged discharge data. During some months in this period, the lake water balance was negative. Since the river inflow to the lake cannot be negative, water was either lost from the lake via the subsurface through faults, or the outflow measurements were systematically underestimated. Based on the evaporation rate of 1650 mm, we found that unaccounted loss was 0.6 km3 a−1, equivalent to 20 cm of water over the lake area each year. This implies the need for reliable rainfall data and improved river discharge measurements over a greater portion of the basin both entering and exiting the lake. Also, integrated hydrological and geologic investigations are needed for a better understanding of the unaccounted water losses and quantifying the amount of subsurface flow leaving the lake.
Location and Routing Planning Considering Electric Vehicles with Restricted Distance in Agriculture
Authors: Theeraviriya Chalermchat , Sirirak Worapot , Praseeratasang Natthanan
Published: September 2020

Electric vehicles (EVs) are anticipated to play a critical role in the green transportation of the future. Logistics companies have started several projects operating with EVs in road transportation. However, routing decisions for EVs must take limited driving ranges into account. Previous related research on electric vehicle location routing problems (EVLRP) has investigated intra route facilities that support the energy supply network. Contrarily, this paper studies a new type of EVLRP with a restricted distance, where EVs are used for route planning in reverse flow logistics. The model is formulated from a real case problem in agriculture that combines both locating multiple depots and determining routing paths with a limited distance constraint. An adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) algorithm has been extended into four combinations and is proposed here for solving the problem. The computational results indicate that the ALNS algorithm can obtain quality solutions in short processing time when compared with software using exact methods. Furthermore, the proposed ALNS algorithm is applied to a case study problem to provide suitable locations and vehicle routes with a minimized total cost.
SEMUT (TENSES VERB MUTER) AS A MEDIA TO UNDERSTAND BASIC ENGLISH (TENSES AND VERB) FOR STUDENTS IN PLUMPANG TUBAN 1 MIDDLE STATE
Authors: Kartika Tyas Rahayu , Nengseh Ratna Rahayu , Kinanti Nur Lujeng , Safitri Eni Indria , Prakoso Albrian Fiky
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the results of the development of the media SEMUT (Verb Muter Tenses) with a series of learning media ERTE MAP (Preparation of Verb Words and Tenses) and a module entitled "Learn Basic English (Tenses and Verb): Simple Present Tense, Simple Past Tense, Present Continuous Tense "that is to improve the English language skills of students and know students' responses to the use of the media. The research method used was one group pre-test post-test design. This method is carried out by giving students pre-test and post-test questions, as a qualitative method is carried out by interviewing several students who have participated in the implementation of the SEMUT Learning Media program (Verb Muter Tenses). The pre-test and post-test were distributed to 31 students of Plumpang 1 Public High School, Tuban to find out the values before and after the implementation of the SEMUT media. Meanwhile, the interview was conducted to determine the students' interest of SEMUT media.
Evolution of Angiosperm Pollen: 8. Lamiids
Authors: Yang Li-E , Lu Lu , Burgess Kevin S. , Wang Hong , Li De-Zhu
Published: September 2020

Lamiids, a clade composed of approximately 15% of all flowering plants, contains more than 50,000 species dispersed across 49 families and eight orders (APG IV, 2016). This paper is the eighth in a series that analyzes pollen characters across angiosperms. We reconstructed a maximum likelihood tree based on the most recent phylogenetic studies for the Lamiids, comprising 150 terminal genera (including six outgroups) and covering all eight orders and 49 families within the clade. To illustrate pollen diversity across the Lamiids, pollen grains from 22 species (22 genera in 14 families) were imaged under light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Eighteen pollen characters that were documented from previous publications, websites, and our new observations were coded and optimized onto the reconstructed phylogenetic tree using Fitch parsimony, maximum likelihood, and hierarchical Bayesian analysis. Pollen morphology of the Lamiids is highly diverse, particularly in shape class, pollen size, aperture number, endoaperture shape, supratectal element shape, and tectum sculpture. In addition, some genera show relatively high infrageneric pollen variation within the Lamiids: i.e., Coffea L., Jacquemontia Choisy, Justicia L., Pedicularis L., Psychotria L. nom. cons., Sesamum L., Stachytarpheta Vahl, and Veronica L. The plesiomorphic states for 16 pollen characters were inferred unambiguously, and 10 of them displayed consistent plesiomorphic states under all optimization methods. Seventy-one lineages at or above the family level are characterized by pollen character state transitions. We identified diagnostic character states for monophyletic clades and explored palynological evidence to shed light on unresolved relationships. For example, palynological evidence supports the monophyly of Garryales and Metteniusaceae, and sister relationships between Icacinaceae and Oncothecaceae, as well as between Vahliales and Solanales. The evolutionary patterns of pollen morphology found in this study reconfirm several previously postulated evolutionary trends, which include an increase in aperture number, a transition from equatorially arranged apertures to globally distributed ones, and an increase in exine ornamentation complexity. Furthermore, there is a significant correlation between pollen characters and a number of ecological factors, e.g., pollen size and pollination type, pollen ornamentation and pollination type, and shape class and plant growth form. Our results provide insight into the ecological, environmental, and evolutionary mechanisms driving pollen character state changes in the Lamiids.
Pengaruh Segmentingan Dan Targeting Terhadap Strategi Pemasaran Permen Jahe Cantik Pada Pd. Tasacika
Authors: Rohmat Saepul , Tsani Ashrul , Rini Neneng Kartika
Published: September 2020

This research aims to find out the influence of Segmentation and Targeting on The Marketing Strategy of Beautiful Ginger Candy PD. Tasacika Sukabumi Regency. The analysis of the data used is a descriptive type with an exoplanatory method. Data collection techniques with interview methods, questionnaires, and observations. Based on the results of the research the influence of segmenting on marketing strategies, the influence of segmenting and targeting on marketing strategies, and the influence of targeting on loyalty marketing strategies. So it can be inferred from the research shows that the positive and significant influence between Segmenting and Targeting simultaneously on marketing strategies on Beautiful Ginger Candy in PD. Tasacika means that Segmenting and Targeting have an important role to play in creating more effective and efficient marketing strategies for the company.
PENERAPAN CLOUD COMPUTING SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ONLINE MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Susanti Wilda , Putri Ramalia Noratama
Published: September 2020

Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang pesat  tak bisa dielakkan lagi saat ini. Terlebih pemanfaatan teknologi dalam dunia pendidikan. Teknologi cloud computing yang dikenal dengan komputasi awan mampu menjawab masalah dan tantangan yang dihadapi di perguruan tinggi. Apalagi adanya kasus pandemi covid 19 yang sedang melanda dunia menyebabkan system pembelajaran berubah dari konvensional ke pembelajaran secara online. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana membangun dan melakukan konfigurasi cloud di sisi server sehingga perguruan tinggi dapat memanfaatkan fasilitas yang diberikan oleh cloud computing. Hasil penelitian adalah pemanfaatan salah satu fasilitas yang ada di cloud computing yang digunakan dalam metode pembelajaran yaitu classroom. Classroom adalah aplikasi dari google yang dapat bermanfaat untuk pembelajaran secara online dan dapat digunakan secara bersama-sama dalam kelompok secara kolaboratif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan instrument pengamatan dan wawancara. Hasil analis yang didapatkan aplikasi ini menawarkan kemudahan dalam pemberian materi, pemberian tugas serta ujian online. Sehingga fasilitas yang ada pada aplikasi ini menjadi daya tarik bagi mahasiswa dan dosen.
Cytotoxic Potential of Solanum lycopersicum Leaves Extract on Different Human Cell Lines
Authors: ALPER Mehlika , GÜNEŞ Hatice
Published: September 2020

Plants have been traditionally used as a remedy against various diseases. In this study, the potential cytotoxic effects of the ethanol extract of leaves of Solanum lycopersicum were investigated on A549, HeLa, PC-3, MCF-7 and HEK293 cell lines. MTT assay was used for determination of cell viability. Apoptosis and activity of caspase-3 in A549 and HeLa cells treated with the extract were also investigated. At a concentration of 31.25 µg mL-1, this extract caused more than 50% cell death in the cancer cells that were tested for 72 h. It was determined that the extract of S. lycopersicum induced apoptosis in A549 and HeLa cells. Moreover, the extract of S. lycopersicum leaves caused significant caspase-3 activity in same cells. These findings may basically contribute to research related with the use of the extract of leaves of S. lycopersicum for development of anticancer agents.
Ресурс та рефлексія свободи у добу цивілізаційних трансформацій
Authors: Lyubiviy Yaroslav
Published: September 2020

У добу радикальної цивілізаційної трансформації суспільства та досягнення ним нового рівня складності, загострюється проблема віднаходження ресурсів свободи та свободи вибору людини. Обмеженість природних ресурсів спонукає людину віднаходити внутрішні, рефлексивні, інтелектуально-духовні ресурси виживання та свободи самореалізації, що дає можливість у перспективі перейти, крім іншого, до екологічної рівноваги між природою та суспільством та запобігти кліматичному колапсу людства. Цивілізаційний розвиток розширює горизонт свободи людини і, водночас, ставить її перед проблемою ресурсного забезпечення для реалізації нових можливостей свободи, одним із важливих ресурсів якої є рефлексія. Здатність людини до рефлексії не є чимось, що притаманно виключно ефемерній суб’єктивності, а виявляється продовженням певних глибинних закономірностей буття, що виражаються, зокрема, у рекурсивній функції, а також у самореференції природних і соціальних процесів. Відрефлексовування людиною власного стану в аспекті свободи або несвободи є важливим чинником, що спонукає її як до самовдосконалення, так і до втілення якісно нових суспільних відносин, за яких її власна вільна самореалізація є і умовою і наслідком вільної самореалізації осіб, з якими вона взаємодіє. Напрацювання такого соціального капіталу та формування відповідних соціальних відносин є соціальною й організаційною передумовою прориву до інноваційних технологій та відновлювальної енергетики. Досягнути такого рівня вільного цивілізованого стану суспільство може лише пройшовши через «вузький коридор» (Д. Аджемоглу та Дж. Робінсон) цілеспрямованого створення відповідних соціальних інститутів і формування легітимної держави та відповідального громадянського суспільства, що відкриває можливість свободи самореалізації людини. У результаті триваючої наразі цивілізаційної трансформації має виникнути суспільство з високою синергією (А. Маслоу), важливим ресурсом якого повинно стати рефлексія другого порядку, цілеспрямоване самоуправління рефлексивними процесами, що забезпечують соціальну самоорганізацію на основі загальнолюдських цінностей.
Авто-референтність і авто-афекційність як альтернативні моделі прочитання Декартової концепції cogito: трансцендентально-феноменологічний контекст
Authors: Ilyina Anna
Published: September 2020

Статтю присвячено дослідженню альтернативних можливостей інтерпретації Декартової концепції cogito: як авто-референтної структури і як авто-афекційності. Контекстом аналізу виступає трансцендентально-феноменологічний ракурс погляду на картезіанську філософію як на засновок трансцендентального мотиву. Визначено роль принципу авто-референтності в трансцендентальному дискурсі. На ґрунті розгляду перспектив тлумачення картезіанського підходу, запропонованих М. Анрі й Ж.-Л. Марйоном, виявлено моменти іррелевантності авто-афекційної настанови вимогам трансцендентального мислення і втомивовано адекватність авто-референтної моделі його засадам. Авторка доходить висновку, що, попри позірну пріоритетність авто-афекційності для трансцендентального дискурсу, пов’язану насамперед з притаманною їй радикалізацією функціонального аспекту свідомості й усуненням небезпеки субстантивації cogito, закладеної в структурі авто-референтності, остання видається відповіднішою вимогам трансцендентального мислення, оскільки передбачає збереження принципу відношення-відмінності, конститутивного для трансцендентальної думки – який в умовах авто-афекційності виявляється редукованим.
Етичні знання в освітянській традиції
Authors: Storozhyk Marina
Published: September 2020

У статті розкрито сутність соціально-філософського підходу до етичного знання в освітянській традиції. Нестримний розвиток сучасної цивілізації зумовлює кризові ситуації, які є загрозою для існування буття людини. А це дає можливість відповісти на вічні питання про співвідношення сущого і належного, про усвідомлення актуалізації етики у соціально-філософській думці, у культурі, в освіті. Водночас актуалізується теоретизування та практичне застосування моральних цінностей в усіх сферах суспільної діяльності. Важливим завданням етики як сутнісного аспекту сучасної освітянської традиції є становлення моральної особистості. Здійснено аналіз історичного розвитку моралі, історію становлення та розвиток етичних теорій, цінностей, категорій, концепцій, етапи історичного розвитку етичної думки їх взаємозв’язок з матеріальним та духовним, життям людей і суспільства. Розкрито сутність етичних знань, моральних принципів, моральних норм, життєвих орієнтацій, а саме – такі знання відіграють роль у визначенні спрямованості моральної культури особистості, що є показником рівня її соціалізації, носієм смислів людського буття. Актуалізовано необхідність формувати етичну культуру, моральні принципи, моральні норми, які застосовують у національних, політичних, екологічних, економічних, правових, соціальних сферах, у розвиткові культури етичного мислення, яке спроможне вирішувати найскладніші в моральному відношенні життєві проблеми. Визначено шляхи етизації освіти та людини. Таким чином, актуалізуються завдання етики щодо її застосування в освіті, а відтак, у всіх сферах людського буття.
Антіохійська школа та її педагогічні метафори
Authors: Morozova Daria
Published: September 2020

У статті розглянуто основні педагогічні метафори, які побутували в Антіохійській школі патристики. Дослідження засноване, насамперед, на матеріалі гомілій свт. Іона Золотоуста De inani gloria, Adversus oppugnatores vitae monasticae, In Matthaeum, Ad populum Antiochenum, а також на окремих творах Феодорита Кирського і Северіана Габальського. Ці твори проаналізовано крізь призму теорії метафори П. Рікера, докладені Н. Райтом та Р. Хейзом до вивчення життєсвіту релігійних громад. Такий аналіз допоміг виявити у творах Золотоуста та інших антіохійців співіснування двох основних педагогічних метафор різного походження. Метафора чистого аркушу, що походить з трактату Аристотеля De anima, розглядає процес освіти в категоріях активного формування педагогом ментальності вихованця. У Золотоуста ця метафора набуває вигляду складного палімпсесту, де первинний текст постійно записується новими шарами, редагується і відновлюється знову. До цього процесу взаємного навчання і редагування свт. Іоан закликає усіх своїх слухачів. Натомість метафора фортеці, укорінена в Павловій антропології і в Платоновій теорії анамнезису, імплікуючи значно більшу самодостатність особистості, застерігає від надмірного педагогічного конструктивізму. Ця парадигма представляє людський ум (νους) як храм або  місто, збудоване за Божим задумом, що розвивається за законами, закладеними Творцем. Завдання педагога в такому сценарії – радше оберігати тонкий і складний внутрішній світ дитини від примітивної логіки оточення, щоб не перешкоджати її природному розвитку за Божим задумом. У Золотоуста, Феодорита та інших антіохійців співіснують обидві метафори, але метафора чистого аркушу – переосмисленого як палімпсест – докладається радше до просвіти дорослих християн, тоді як метафора фортеці застосовується стосовно виховання дітей.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR TERJADINYA KECURANGAN (FRAUD) DALAM PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA PADA KECAMATAN AMABI OEFETO TIMUR
Authors: Arthana I Komang
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh masing-masing faktor terhadap kecurangan pada pengelolaan dana desa di Kecamatan Amabi Oefeto Timur. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah aparat desa yang terkait langsung dengan pengelolaan dan pelaporan dana desa. Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dengan penyebaran kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian kompensasi, pengendalian internal, penegakan peraturan, asimetri informasi dan perilaku tidak etis memiliki dampak positif terhadap terjadinya kecurangan dalam pengelolaan dana desa. Efektivitas pengendalian internal berdampak negatif pada terjadinya kecurangan dalam pengelolaan kecurangan desa

Kata kunci: Penipuan, Pengelolaan Dana Desa

 

This research conducted to find out how the influence of each factor against fraud on the village fund management in Amabi Oefeto Timur sub-district. The repondents of this research were the village institution who were directly related with the management and reporting the village fund. This research is a quantitative descriptive. Data collection by means of questionare distribution. The research result indicate that suitability of compensation, internal control, enforcement of regulation, information asymmetry and unethical behavior have a postive impact on the occurence of fraud in the village fund management. The effectiveness of internal control has a negative impact on the occurence of fraud in the village fraud management

Key words : Fraud, Village Fund Management
ROLE AMBIGUITY, CONFLICT AND OVERLOAD AS PREDICTORS OF EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION: THE MEDIATION EFFECT OF TEACHING SATISFACTION AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT
Authors: Alyamy Khalid Faris , Sau Cheong Loh
Published: September 2020

Owing to the emotionally demanding work context, emotional exhaustion is conceived as a general concern in special education. In a group of 216 special education teachers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, this research has investigated the direct effect of role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload on teacher’s emotional exhaustion. Participants completed the scales of emotional exhaustion, role conflict, role Ambiguity, role overload, affective engagement, and teaching satisfaction. Structural Equation Modelling Analysis (SEM) has been adopted for testing the hypotheses of this research. Results indicate that role overload had a positive significant direct impact on emotional exhaustion. Similarly, role conflict shows a positive significant direct impact on emotional exhaustion, whereas role ambiguity has a negligible direct impact on emotional exhaustion. The estimation of the indirect path between measurements of role stressors and emotional exhaustion through teaching contentment reveals that teaching contentment mediates the effect of role conflict on emotional exhaustion. The research suggests that there is no intervention effect of teaching contentment on the impact of role overload on emotional exhaustion and the impact of role overload and role conflict on emotional exhaustion is mediated by affective engagement. The research recommends further studies to explore the direct and indirect effect of role ambiguity on emotional exhaustion.
O corpo a corpo com um sistema não se trata de abandoná-lo
Authors: Pato Ana , Mussi Joana Zatz
Published: September 2020

Este ensaio é um exercício de conversação e foi guiado por duas ideias: de um lado, a convicção de que  estamos envolvidas por uma atmosfera marcada por diálogos impossíveis e que, diante da impossibilidade de falar sobre assuntos discordantes, de escutar os outros, de perceber para além de nós mesmas/os, estamos correndo em círculos, na tentativa de solucionar falsos problemas; de outro lado, o desejo de conversar mais sobre dúvidas que permeiam nossas pesquisas e práticas no campo da arte. Nesse diálogo, discutiremos as possíveis relações que podem ser estabelecidas entre a “arte engajada” e a “arte arquivista”, acreditando que, assim, podemos formalizar publicamente um exercício de colaboração entre nós, que já existe há algum tempo e agora tem ganhado novos contornos.
A Revista Martín Fierro e a promoção das artes de vanguarda na Argentina
Authors: Queiroz Helaine Nolasco
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo examina a contribuição da revista Martín Fierro para a consolidação do campo artístico, especialmente o das vanguardas, na Argentina, durante a década de 1920. Os textos sobre artes plásticas e as reproduções de obras na publicação permitem traçar um panorama da produção artística no período e perceber as interpretações e o impacto da arte de vanguarda no público de Buenos Aires. Pretende-se compreender como se dá a recepção da arte moderna pelos argentinos, o papel pedagógico assumido por Martín Fierro de ensinar o público a apreciar e entender essa arte, além de suas iniciativas para promover artistas, espaços e instituições.
A autonomia em obras dotadas de inteligência artificial
Authors: Kerinska Nikoleta Tzvetanova
Published: September 2020

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sintética sobre o conceito de autonomia, desenvolvido a partir de seus fundamentos filosóficos e científicos, e, em seguida examinado na perspéctica da arte. Como objeto de estudo são tomadas duas obras: Oscar de Catherine Ikam e Louis Fléri, e PostPoète de Léopold Dumond. Partimos da constatação de que o uso de inteligência artificial e de tecnologia de ponta em arte produz obras singulares e complexas, consideradas como conquistas dos avanços científicos recentes. Contudo, demostraremos que no plano da cultura, elas dialogam com ideias que perpetuam o imaginário humano desde a antiguidade, e que já inspiraram diversas obras pictóricas e literárias.
A pesquisa em arte tecnológica
Authors: Mucelli Tadeus
Published: September 2020

Este artigo procura contribuir com o pensamento focalizado no comportamento da pesquisa e dos pesquisadores no campo das artes tecnológicas nos espaços e lugares de produção de conhecimento, que se ramificam entre o ateliê-estúdio, os laboratórios, a academia, os espaços de exibição e os laboratórios de pesquisa independente, principalmente por meios tecnológicos. Através de uma reflexão crítica, o estudo constrói percepções acerca do papel do artista-pesquisador e das artes por meios tecnológicos na contemporaneidade e seus desafios.