bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Publicly funded overactive bladder drug treatment patterns in Ontario over 15 years: An ecological study
Authors: Tadrous Mina , Elterman Dean , Khuu Wayne , Mamdani Muhammad M. , Juurlink David N. , Gomes Tara
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Medication is an important option for patients with overactive bladder (OAB), with four different drugs approved over the last 10 years, including the first non-anticholinergic treatment, mirabegron. We set out to describe the number and rate of users of medication for the management of OAB over the last 15 years among residents of Ontario, Canada covered by the public drug programs.Methods: We conducted a population-based, repeated cross-sectional study examining quarterly publically funded prescription claims for OAB medications from January 2000 to June 2016 in Ontario, Canada.Results: We report two major changes in prescription patterns for OAB. The first was the rise of newer, more selective anticholinergics (tolterodine, solifenacin, and darifenacin) replacing oxybutynin. This led to a 54.8% reduction in the rate of users of oxybutynin over the study period from 10.4 users/1000 beneficiaries in 2000 to 4.7 users/1000 beneficiaries in 2016. Recently, we saw the emergence of mirabegron as the most commonly prescribed treatment for OAB. By the final quarter of the observation period, mirabegron was the most commonly used OAB treatment with 25.0% (n=19 411) of all OAB medication users in Ontario (n=77 660). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the rapid uptake of novel agents and a major shift in the treatment of OAB over the last three years.
Effect of Video-Cases on the Acquisition of Situated Knowledge of Teachers
Authors: Geerts Walter M. , Steenbeek Henderien W. , Van Geert Paul L. C.
Published: December 2017

Video footage is frequently used at teacher education. According to Sherin and Dyer (2017), this is often done in a way that contradicts recent studies. According to them, video is suitable for observing and interpreting interactions in the classroom. This contributes to their situated knowledge, which allows expert teachers to act intuitively, immediately and effectively. Situated knowledge is used to give form (design patterns) and direction (educational purposes) to a teacher’s actions. Design patterns consist of solutions for recurring problems. In the current research, we investigated whether a course in classroom management either with or without video cases contributes more to the development of situated knowledge, design patterns and educational purposes. The pre- and posttest are based on a written advice, given out by 41 students of the Dutch hbo-teacher training with an average age of 22, to the main character of a video case, in addition to an interview and observation report. The results indicate that the use of video cases does not lead to an increase in the number of educational purposes. There is an increase, however, in the design pattern ‘classroom management’. By internalizing this design pattern, the divide between theory, practical experiences and the identity of the teacher is bridged. Although the classroom management theme dominated the video case and course, the results indicate that a targeted use of video cases in teacher education is effective in promoting the development of situated knowledge.
The Impact of Cognitive Integration between the Traditional Balanced Scorecard and the Information Technology Balanced Scorecard on the Entrepreneurship Value of the Jordanian Public Shareholding Industrial Companies
Authors: Abdul Moneim Usama , Jaber Matarneh Ala , Akour Samer
Published: December 2017

Due to the increased competition between the various industrial companies at the local and international levels, there became a need to adopt modern and effective methods and tools that enable such companies to acquire and maintain competitive advantages that help them choose, apply and assess the strategies adopted. One of the most important tools is the Balanced scorecard according to the leadership concept and the decisions of the COBIT committee; this tool had a great concern and attention by researchers or businessmen; applying it led to a remarkable success in some companies, which made it move from a mere tool of management to an integrated system of strategic management. The method of measuring the balanced scorecard according to the COBIT committee helps the industrial companies’ measure their strategic performance wisely and even goes further in helping formulate the companies' industrial strategies in a pioneer method, translate them into strategic goals, translate these objectives into strategic measurements achieving a follow-up and finally assess the industrial strategy locally and globally. Accordingly, the study aimed at shedding light on the impact of the cognitive integration among the dimensions of the traditional balanced scorecard and the IT balanced scorecard on the Entrepreneurship value in the industrial companies. The study community consisted of all the public shareholding industrial companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange by the end of (2015) amounting to (63) (Annual Report of Amman Stock Exchange, 2016). (56) Companies were randomly selected to form the study sample. One of the most important results of the study is that the effectiveness of measuring the quality of applying the traditional Balanced Scorecard and the IT Balanced Scorecard will create the Entrepreneurship value of the industrial companies, thus contributing to achieving the company's strategic objectives. The study recommended the need that the industrial companies follow up the local and international issues linked with the IT related to applying the balanced scorecard to reach for the institutional leadership with the need that such companies encourage innovation processes, accepting new ideas and motivating employees to provide innovative ideas.
Corporate Governance and Board of Directors Responsibility in Appointing Senior Managers: A Case in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mohamed Zerban Ayman , Abdullateef Madani Abdullah Mohammed
Published: December 2017

Corporate governance is a cornerstone in improving efficiency and creating confidence to attract investors. After collapses of giant companies, worldwide business community are trying to infuse a culture of honesty and integrity in business. Commitment of board of directors and willing of top management and employees to strength corporate governance is essential. Failure to compliance with corporate governance rules will increase operational risk and hence impacting interests of stakeholders.Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (SAMA) which is the central bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with Capital Market Authority (CMA) are thriving continuously to strength corporate governance rules for banks and financial institutions. One of the circulars for banks and financial institutions is the requirements for appointments of senior positions in financial organizations with the objective of appointing persons who possess integrity, honesty, and good reputation. Companies should obtain written non-objection form for the appointment of senior managers and it is the responsibility of board of directors to ensure compliance with this regulation. In addition, SAMA issued several guidelines for anti-money laundering, rules for countering fraud and a code of professional ethics of staff. Recently, banks are required to form compliance unit to make sure banks prepare their financials according to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).The aim of this paper is to highlight a case of corporate governance and board responsibilities in one of the financial institutions in Saudi Arabia. The case will be presented to show the mechanism followed by the financial institution and whether it is complied with rules in appointing senior managers and if not what corrective actions are done in order to strength corporate governance principles.
Reforma laboral y desregulación del mercado de trabajo
Authors: Alós Ramon , Beneyto Pere J. , Jódar Pere
Published: December 2017

Cuando se cumplen cinco años de su imposición unilateral por el gobierno conservador, el balance de la reforma laboral contradice en la práctica los objetivos retóricos con los que se pretendió justificarla (creación de empleo de calidad, flexibilidad interna como alternativa a los despidos, adaptabilidad de las relaciones laborales) y pone de manifiesto la agenda oculta de sus promotores políticos y empresariales (precariedad contractual, devaluación salarial, debilitamiento de la negociación colectiva, aumento de la desigualdad). El presente artículo trata de evaluar el impacto de la reforma en la desregulación de las relaciones laborales, con especial referencia al empleo, la negociación colectiva y la desigualdad social.
Une source de l’or pyrénéen et son exploitation dans l’Antiquité
Authors: Cauuet Béatrice , Tămaș Călin G.
Published: December 2017

L’or des Pyrénées était connu des auteurs anciens et des recherches archéo-géologiques récentes l’ont mis en évidence sur le plateau de l’Assaladou, entre Sorgeat et d’Ignaux, au S-E d’Ax-les-Thermes en Ariège. Cette source primaire jusque-là inédite a été localisée par la présence d’anciens chantiers miniers à ciel ouvert. Repérés par des prospecteurs du BRGM et de la COGEMA à la fin des années 1970, ils ont été ensuite inventoriés (30 fosses), fouillés et datés par notre équipe entre 1993 et 1997, puis une étude minéralogique a été menée en 2000 et 2016. Deux groupes de travaux remarquables ont été étudiés : une fosse et un ensemble comprenant une mine à ciel ouvert prolongée par une galerie longue de 13 m. La fosse sondée a pu être datée des IIIe-IVe s. de notre ère grâce à une base de foyer conservée sur la sole. L’autre ensemble étudié (fosse et galerie) a confirmé cette datation avec la découverte de charbons de bois, résidus d’un abattage au feu et d’une céramique. Le plateau est constitué de schistes du Cambro-ordovicien, recoupés par des veines et des stockwerks de quartz. Le minerai suivi par ces travaux miniers comprend des lentilles de quartz dur, blanc à gris. Un grand nombre de failles ont recoupé le minerai et les roches encaissantes, facilitant l’abattage. L’or est visible à l’œil nu et se trouve dans le quartz en remplissage de cavités et il est aussi associé à l’arsénopyrite. Les mineurs antiques n’ont pas épuisé le gisement, laissant du minerai riche, accessible en surface. Ils semblent avoir fréquenté de façon saisonnière les lieux, tels des bergers (mineurs/paysans) exploitant un peu de minerai quand le plateau était déneigé.
L’exploitation des gisements non-ferreux des Pyrénées de l’Est aux trois derniers siècles avant notre ère : une ruée vers l’argent ? Le cas des Corbières
Authors: Mantenant Julien , Munoz M.
Published: December 2017

L'étude offre une perspective sur l'exploitation des gisements non ferreux dans les Pyrénées de l’Est au cours des trois derniers siècles avant notre ère. Le problème se pose quant à l'exploitation des gisements d'argent à partir de l'étude de plusieurs zones extractives situées au Massif des Corbières.
La ocupación ganadera de los Pirineos occidentales de Catalunya en época romana e inicios de la Edad Media
Authors: Gassiot Ballbè Ermengol , Pèlachs Mañosa Albert
Published: December 2017

Las investigaciones recientes sobre el poblamiento de las zonas altas de los Pirineos occidentales de Catalunya, concretamente en el actual Parque Nacional de Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici han permitido documentar una extensa secuencia de poblamiento humano y de explotación y modificación del medio físico. El presente trabajo detalla la evolución de este poblamiento desde el final de la prehistoria hasta entrados los primeros siglos de la Edad Media; un poblamiento que intensifica a partir de época imperial, especialmente durante el Bajo Imperio. La descripción de la información arqueológica se combina con la exposición resumida de los indicios de afectación de esta ocupación en el medio vegetal principalmente, como resultado de diversas actividades llevadas a cabo: la ganadería, la agricultura, la minería y la producción metalúrgica.
DESAFIOS CONTEMPORÂNEOS SOB A LUZ DO EXISTENCIALISMO HUMANISTA DE SARTRE
Authors: Teixeira Thiago
Published: December 2017

Sartre é um dos grandes filósofos contemporâneos. Ele pensa a partir do caos da contemporaneidade. O desamparo existencial, os conflitos políticos e a Guerra são terrenos férteis para pensar a existência humana e sua exigência de uma ética, a partir da vivência contínua e intensa da violência. Nesse trabalho, a violência aparece como um dos grandes desafios para a Filosofia Contemporânea. Buscaremos, assim, abordar esse tema em dois vieses: ontologia e moral.
Metadata Provenance and Vulnerability
Authors: Hart Timothy Robert , De Vries Denise
Published: December 2017

The preservation of digital objects has become an urgent task in recent years as it has been realised that digital media have a short life span. The pace of technological change makes accessing these media more and more difficult. Digital preservation is accomplished by two main methods, migration and emulation. Migration has been proven to be a lossy method for many types of digital objects. Emulation is much more complex; however, it allows preserved digital objects to be rendered in their original format, which is especially important for complex types such as those made up of multiple dynamic files. Both methods rely on good metadata in order to maintain change history or construct an accurate representation of the required system environment. In this paper, we present our findings that show the vulnerability of metadata and how easily they can be lost and corrupted by everyday use. Furthermore, this paper aspires to raise awareness and to emphasise the necessity of caution and expertise when handling digital data by highlighting the importance of provenance metadata.
President’s Message
Authors: Yelton Andromeda
Published: December 2017

President's Message
Effects of perceptual similarity but not semantic association on false recognition in aging
Authors: Burnside Kayleigh , Hope Caroline , Gill Emma , Morcom Alexa M.
Published: December 2017

This study investigated semantic and perceptual influences on false recognition in older and young adults in a variant on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm. In two experiments, participants encoded intermixed sets of semantically associated words, and sets of unrelated words. Each set was presented in a shared distinctive font. Older adults were no more likely to falsely recognize semantically associated lure words compared to unrelated lures also presented in studied fonts. However, they showed an increase in false recognition of lures which were related to studied items only by a shared font. This increased false recognition was associated with recollective experience. The data show that older adults do not always rely more on prior knowledge in episodic memory tasks. They converge with other findings suggesting that older adults may also be more prone to perceptually-driven errors.
Local House Price Paths: Accelerations, Declines, and Recoveries
Authors: Bogin Alexander N. , Doerner William M. , Larson William D.
Published: December 2017

Mortgage credit risk measurement hinges on the choice of a house price stress path, which is used to project loan losses and determine financial capital requirements. House price paths are commonly constructed at national or state levels and shock scenarios are created to mimic historical adverse market conditions. We provide evidence that this level of geographic aggregation is not granular enough in many cases—collateral risk often varies within cities. Using local house price indices that cover the United States from 1975 to 2016, we focus on house price performance in the years immediately following sustained periods of rapid acceleration. Price accelerations tend to exhibit temporal clustering and occur with greater frequency in large versus small cities. We exploit within-city variation in price dynamics to provide evidence that price initially overshoot sustainable levels but, in some areas, dynamics may reflect positive underlying economic fundamentals and can be sustained. After accelerating, price reach their trough after 4 or 5 years. Small cities show uniform declines whereas large cities exhibit greater price decreases farther away from city centers. These findings suggest differential collateral risk exists in large cities, financial losses can be predictable based on real estate location theory, and localized house price paths could aid credit risk management.
Dietary soya protein improves intra-myocardial lipid deposition and altered glucose metabolism in a hypertensive, dyslipidaemic, insulin-resistant rat model
Authors: Oliva María E. , Creus Agustina , Ferreira María R. , Chicco Adriana , Lombardo Yolanda B.
Published: December 2017

This study investigates the effects of replacing dietary casein by soya protein on the underlying mechanisms involved in the impaired metabolic fate of glucose and lipid metabolisms in the heart of dyslipidaemic rats chronically fed (8 months) a sucrose-rich (62·5 %) diet (SRD). To test this hypothesis, Wistar rats were fed an SRD for 4 months. From months 4 to 8, half the animals continued with the SRD and the other half were fed an SRD in which casein was substituted by soya. The control group received a diet with maize starch as the carbohydrate source. Compared with the SRD-fed group, the following results were obtained. First, soya protein significantly (P<0·001) reduced the plasma NEFA levels and normalised dyslipidaemia and glucose homoeostasis, improving insulin resistance. The protein levels of fatty acid translocase at basal state and under insulin stimulation and the protein levels and activity of muscle-type carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 were normalised. Second, a significant (P<0·001) reduction of TAG, long-chain acyl CoA and diacylglycerol levels was observed in the heart muscle. Third, soya protein significantly increased (P<0·01) GLUT4 protein level under insulin stimulation and normalised glucose phosphorylation and oxidation. A reduction of phosphorylated AMP protein kinase protein level was recorded without changes in uncoupling protein 2 and PPARα. Fourth, hydroxyproline concentration decreased in the left ventricle and hypertension was normalised. The new information provided shows the beneficial effects of soya protein upon the altered pathways of glucose and lipid metabolism in the heart muscle of this rat model.
Description of Metagonimus pusillus sp. nov. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae): phylogenetic relationships within the genus
Authors: Tatonova Y.V. , Shumenko P.G. , Besprozvannykh V.V.
Published: December 2017

As a result of experimental studies conducted in the Russian southern Far East, adult worms from the genus Metagonimus were obtained. A comparative analysis of the morphometry of these worms with other Metagonimus representatives showed that they are most similar to M. katsuradai Izumi, 1935 and M. otsurui Shimazu & Urabe, 2002 found in Japan, due to the ratio of suckers and the positions of the testicle, uterus and vitellaria. However, Russian worms differ from species in Japan by other metric characters: they differ from M. otsurui by the maximum size of most organs and from M. katsuradai by body width, pharynx length, and maximum size of testes and ovary. At the same time, they are identical to a trematode from the Russian southern Far East, which was previously identified as M. katsuradai. The validity of this species was also confirmed by genetic data. According to the 28S gene and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of rDNA, as well as the cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) gene of mtDNA, the Metagonimus specimens found in Russia differ from published genetic data for other members of this genus. However, both morphological similarity and molecular data showed that M. pusillus sp. nov., M. katsuradai and M. otsurui are most likely cryptic species. Furthermore, additional data based on a mitochondrial marker were provided for M. suifunensis Shumenko, Tatonova & Besprozvannykh, 2017 from Russia.
‘Welzijn op Recept’ (Social Prescribing): a helping hand in re-establishing social contacts – an explorative qualitative study
Authors: Heijnders Miriam L. , Meijs J. J.
Published: December 2017

‘Welzijn op Recept’ is an intervention in which primary care providers refer patients with psychosocial problems to a community well-being organisation. Welzijn op Recept has been helping participants in the town of Nieuwegein, the Netherlands for more than three years. An impact study was carried out from September to December 2014. The qualitative study aimed to determine what happens in the chain of the social prescription and what changes the participant experiences in terms of social participation. The participants in this study were selected by the well-being coaches. A total of 10 semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted. This study has shown that the participants had confidence in their referral to the community well-being organisation. The well-being coaches constitute a link between primary care providers, patients and the community well-being organisation. Participants have explicitly indicated that they experienced an increase in their own strength, self-confidence, self-reliance and the number of social contacts, and stated that they are experiencing better health. A point of special interest in the current programme is the planning of structured follow-up interviews after starting up an activity.
Patient Blood Management: Der Standard heute
Authors: Kaserer Alexander , Stein Philipp , Spahn Gabriela H. , Spahn Donat R.
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung. Das Patient Blood Management ist ein multidisziplinäres Behandlungskonzept, das vorrangig die Behandlung von Anämie und Eisenmangel, die Minimierung von Blutverlusten und die Erhöhung der Anämietoleranz beinhaltet. Die Anwendung des Patient Blood Management Konzeptes ist nicht nur für die perioperative Phase, sondern für alle Bereiche der Medizin indiziert, die sich mit der Behandlung mit Blut und Blutprodukten auseinandersetzen. Eine Vielzahl von Studien mit bis zu 605’000 Patienten haben die Sicherheit und Effektivität dieses Konzepts geprüft. Dabei konnten Fremdbluttransfusionen reduziert, finanzielle Ressourcen geschont und klinische, patientenbezogene Outcomeparameter, inklusive Morbidität und Mortalität, verbessert werden. Patient Blood Management ist daher zu einem Standard der Patientenversorgung geworden.
Anästhesie für ambulantes Operieren
Authors: Buhmann Volker , Schüpfer Guido , Konrad Christoph
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung. Das ambulante Operieren ist eine Möglichkeit das Gesundheitssystem zu entlasten, ohne dabei eine qualitative Verschlechterung der Versorgung in Kauf nehmen zu müssen. Die Zahl der operativen Eingriffe, die routinemässig ambulant erbracht werden, steigt stetig an und gerade weil Länder wie die Schweiz und Deutschland im internationalen Vergleich diesem Trend noch immer hinterherhinken, ist mit einer deutlichen Zunahme ambulanter Operationen in den nächsten Jahren zu rechnen. Dieser Artikel soll den Anästhesisten in den Mittelpunkt stellen, der als perioperativer Mediziner eine Schlüsselrolle im Behandlungsprozess des ambulanten Operierens einnimmt. Durch eine konzise Beurteilung und einer daraus abgeleiteten Strategie zur Modifizierung von Risiken, die der Patient auf Grund von Vorerkrankungen mit sich bringt, kann ambulantes Operieren sicher und erfolgreich geleistet werden.
At the Boundaries of Misattribution
Authors: Weil Rebecca , Palma Tomás A. , Gawronski Bertram
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Priming effects in the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP) have been explained by a misattribution of prime-related affect to neutral targets. However, the measure has been criticized for being susceptible to intentional use of prime-features in judgments of the targets. To isolate the contribution of unintentional processes, the present research expanded on the finding that positive affect can be misattributed to familiarity (i.e., positivity-familiarity effect). To the extent that prime-valence is deemed irrelevant for judgments of target-familiarity, positivity-familiarity effects in the AMP could potentially rule out intentional use of the primes. Seven experiments collectively suggest that prime-valence influences judgments of target-familiarity in the AMP, but only when the task context does not suggest a normatively accurate response to the familiarity-judgment task. Relations of positivity-familiarity effects to self-reported use of prime-valence revealed mixed results regarding the role of intentional processes. Implications for the AMP and misattribution effects are discussed.
Erratum: Skillful prediction of northern climate provided by the ocean
Authors: Årthun Marius , Eldevik Tor , Viste Ellen , Drange Helge , Furevik Tore , Johnson Helen L. , Keenlyside Noel S.
Published: December 2017

Nature Communications 8: Article number: 15875 (2017); Published 20 June 2017; Updated 22 December 2017 In Fig. 2 of the original Article, information indicating the extent of the lagged correlations between low-passed and detrended time series was inadvertently omitted during the production process. The correct version of this figure appears below as Fig.
Correction: Corrigendum: Mechanisms underlying the activity-dependent regulation of locomotor network performance by the Na+ pump
Authors: Zhang Hong-Yan , Picton Laurence , Li Wen-Chang , Sillar Keith T.
Published: December 2017

Scientific Reports 5: Article number: 16188; published online: 06 November 2015; updated: 22 December 2017. In this Article, ‘Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB’ is incorrectly listed as a present address for Hong-Yan Zhang and should be listed as a second affiliation.
Correction: Corrigendum: Rapid identification of intact bacterial resistance plasmids via optical mapping of single DNA molecules
Authors: Nyberg Lena K. , Quaderi Saair , Emilsson Gustav , Karami Nahid , Lagerstedt Erik , Müller Vilhelm , Noble Charleston , Hammarberg Susanna , Nilsson Adam N. , Sjöberg Fei , Fritzsche Joachim , Kristiansson Erik , Sandegren Linus , Ambjörnsson Tobias , Westerlund Fredrik
Published: December 2017

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 30410; published online: 27 July 2016; updated: 22 December 2017. In the Supplementary Information file originally published with this Article, Figures S8 and S12 were omitted. These errors have been corrected in the Supplementary Information file that now accompanies the Article.
Correction: Corrigendum: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated efficient and heritable targeted mutagenesis in tomato plants in the first and later generations
Authors: Pan Changtian , Ye Lei , Qin Li , Liu Xue , He Yanjun , Wang Jie , Chen Lifei , Lu Gang
Published: December 2017

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 24765; published online: 21 April 2016; updated: 22 December 2017. The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 1, which was incorrectly given as ‘Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China’.
Correction: Corrigendum: SUV39H1 Reduction Is Implicated in Abnormal Inflammation in COPD
Authors: Chen Tzu-Tao , Wu Sheng-Ming , Ho Shu-Chuan , Chuang Hsiao-Chi , Liu Chien-Ying , Chan Yao-Fei , Kuo Lu-Wei , Feng Po-Hao , Liu Wen-Te , Chen Kuan-Yuan , Hsiao Ta-Chih , Juang Jer-Nan , Lee Kang-Yun
Published: December 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 46667; published online: 20 April 2017; updated: 22 December 2017. The original version of this Article contained errors in the numbering of affiliations where Affiliations 1 and 2 were reversed. In addition, the title and legend of Figure 4 contained errors. “Figure 4: IL-8 is reduced in human small airway epithelial cells(HSAEpC) from COPD patients.
Therapeutic applications of iron oxide based nanoparticles in cancer: basic concepts and recent advances
Authors: Saeed Madiha , Ren Wenzhi , Wu Aiguo
Published: December 2017

Nanotechnology has introduced new techniques and phototherapy approaches to fabricate and utilize nanoparticles for cancer therapy.
Fluorescent and magnetic anti-counterfeiting realized by biocompatible multifunctional silicon nanoshuttle-based security ink
Authors: Song Bin , Wang Houyu , Zhong Yiling , Chu Binbin , Su Yuanyuan , He Yao
Published: December 2017

Herein, we present the first example of a silicon nanoshuttle-based security ink simultaneously featuring attractive optical and magnetic properties, suitable for fluorescent and magnetic anti-counterfeiting and encryption.
Phase-pure BiFeO3 produced by reaction flash-sintering of Bi2O3 and Fe2O3
Authors: Gil-González Eva , Perejón Antonio , Sánchez-Jiménez Pedro E. , Sayagués María J. , Raj Rishi , Pérez-Maqueda Luis A.
Published: December 2017

Nanostructured, highly-insulating, single-phase BiFeO3 is obtained by applying a small DC voltage to a mixture of Bi2O3 and Fe2O3 at 625 °C in seconds.
RTS,S/AS01, a vaccine targeting pre-erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: von Seidlein Lorenz , Hanboonkunupakarn Borimas , Jittmala Podjanee , Pukrittayakamee Sasithon
Published: December 2017

RTS,S/AS01 is the most advanced vaccine to prevent malaria. It is safe and moderately effective. A large pivotal phase III trial in over 15 000 young children in sub-Saharan Africa completed in 2014 showed that the vaccine could protect around one-third of children (aged 5–17 months) and one-fourth of infants (aged 6–12 weeks) from uncomplicated falciparum malaria. The European Medicines Agency approved licensing and programmatic roll-out of the RTSS vaccine in malaria endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa. WHO is planning further studies in a large Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme, in more than 400 000 young African children. With the changing malaria epidemiology in Africa resulting in older children at risk, alternative modes of employment are under evaluation, for example the use of RTS,S/AS01 in older children as part of seasonal malaria prophylaxis. Another strategy is combining mass drug administrations with mass vaccine campaigns for all age groups in regional malaria elimination campaigns. A phase II trial is ongoing to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the RTSS in combination with antimalarial drugs in Thailand. Such novel approaches aim to extract the maximum benefit from the well-documented, short-lasting protective efficacy of RTS,S/AS01.
Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase as a broad-spectrum therapeutic target against eukaryotic and prokaryotic pathogens
Authors: Cross Megan , Rajan Siji , Biberacher Sonja , Park Suk-Youl , Coster Mark J. , Długosz Ewa , Kim Jeong-Sun , Gasser Robin B. , Hofmann Andreas
Published: December 2017

As opposed to organism-based drug screening approaches, protein-based strategies have the distinct advantage of providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of chemical effectors and thus afford a precise targeting. Capitalising on the increasing number of genome and transcriptome datasets, novel targets in pathogens for therapeutic intervention can be identified in a more rational manner when compared with conventional organism-based methodologies. Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatases (TPPs) are structurally and functionally conserved enzymes of the trehalose biosynthesis pathway which play a critical role for pathogen survival, in particular, in parasites. The absence of these enzymes and trehalose biosynthesis from mammalian hosts has recently given rise to increasing interest in TPPs as novel therapeutic targets for drugs and vaccines. Here, we summarise some key aspects of the current state of research towards novel therapeutics targeting, in particular, nematode TPPs.
Tissue-resident macrophages as replicative niches for intracellular pathogens
Authors: Lee Sang Hun , Sacks David L.
Published: December 2017

Macrophages are considered a critical component of innate immunity against intracellular pathogens. Although macrophages have historically been viewed as monocyte-derived and terminally differentiated cells, recent progress has revealed that many tissue-resident macrophages are embryonically seeded, self-renewed, and perform homeostatic functions associated with M2-like activation programs. There is evidence that tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) maintain their M2-like phenotype even in an infection-driven pro-inflammatory environment. In this regard, several intracellular pathogens are shown to exploit M2-like TRMs as replicative niches to evade pathogen-specific immunity. This knowledge provides a new perspective to understand the chronicity of infections and develop therapeutic strategies which can selectively target TRMs.
Early Home Literacy Practices of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation
Authors: Nelson-Strouts Kelley , Gillispie William
Published: December 2017

The purpose of the present study is to investigate early literacy experiences for a single tribe of Native American (NA) students, the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation (PBPN). A survey was developed and distributed to primary caretakers of children that attend PBPN's early childhood center inquiring about the frequency they engage in certain early literacy practices and the cultural relevance of those practices. As mainstream early literacy often involves dialogic shared book reading and NA culture historically supports oral storytelling, questions about the significance of these practices were especially emphasized. Results suggest not only did most respondents report participating in both practices frequently with their children but also supported that characteristics of mainstream book reading were viewed as culturally appropriate. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Language of Intervention in Bilingual Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Summers Connie , Smith Vannesa , Mueller Vannesa , Alexander Victoria , Muzza Amelie
Published: December 2017

Selecting the appropriate language of intervention for bilingual children with language impairment is difficult, especially for bilingual children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) as their families are often encouraged by professionals to select one language only for communication. The limited evidence supports the use of bilingual language interventions when working with bilingual children with ASD. The current study sought to expand this limited work by presenting preliminary data of the effects of a bilingual and monolingual treatment condition on the language skills of two bilingual children with ASD (ages 3 and 5) using an alternating treatment, single-subject design. The two treatment conditions, a monolingual English condition and a bilingual English/Spanish condition, were alternated across 14 treatment sessions. Both participants improved in each condition. The treatment conditions were highly effective for one participant and minimally effective for the other participant. Within each participant, effect sizes were similar across the two treatment conditions. There were differences in the maintenance patterns of the two participants. These results support the available evidence that bilingual treatments do not have negative effects on bilingual children with ASD.
Le programme ANR Agrobiosphère : l'importance d'une programmation thématique pour l'émergence de nouveaux concepts
Authors: Hubert Bernard , Jacquet Florence , Lemaire Emmanuelle , Guehl Jean-Marc , Valentin Christian
Published: December 2017

Le programme Agrobiosphère de l'ANR (2011-2013) visait à étudier les transitions vers des systèmes productifs durables dans un contexte de changement global. Il faisait suite aux programmes ADD (2005-2006) et Systerra (2008-2010) ainsi qu'à l'atelier de réflexion prospective Adage, sur les impacts du changement climatique et les nouvelles stratégies d'adaptation. Il affichait comme prioritaires les questions relatives aux trajectoires d'évolution à long terme des systèmes, à la conception des innovations agroécologiques aux niveaux des territoires et des filières, en interrogeant également les notions de transition, de viabilité et de résilience dans des situations de changement. Nous présentons ici les faits marquants du colloque bilan de ce programme, organisé en novembre 2016, au cours duquel les résultats obtenus par les projets ont été discutés autour de cinq thèmes émergents : adaptation aux changements globaux ; cycles biogéochimiques ; biodiversité fonctionnelle ; modélisation territoriale et accompagnement des acteurs ; relations milieux-systèmes économiques. Ce bilan du programme Agrobiosphère montre que celui-ci a facilité la construction de nouvelles formes de collaborations interdisciplinaires et interinstitutionnelles et a entraîné une participation accrue, par rapport aux programmes précédents, des équipes en écologie et en sciences sociales aux projets, ouvrant ainsi l'espace des recherches agronomiques aux différentes dimensions du développement durable. Il a été fondamental pour approfondir le concept d'agroécologie. L'expérience du programme Agrobiosphère montre l'importance de la programmation thématique pour soutenir une recherche orientée et finalisée.
Personaluntergenzen in der Pflege - „Das regelt einzig der Arbeitsmarkt“
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: December 2017

Bis zum 30. Juni 2018 muss eine gemeinsame Arbeitsgruppe der Deutschen Krankenhausgesellschaft und des GKV-Spitzenverbandes verbindliche Regelungen für Personaluntergrenzen in der Pflege festlegen. Klappt das nicht, will der Bund selbst entscheiden. Als wäre der Zeitdruck nicht schon groß genug, kämpft das Expertengremium mit vielen Tücken im Detail – und einem Mangel an belastbaren Daten.
Digitalisierung - Zwei Fragen an Andreas Storm
Authors: Rychlik Reinhard P.T.
Published: December 2017

Andreas Storm ist Vorstandsvorsitzender der drittgrößten Krankenkasse in Deutschland, der DAK-Gesundheit. Der frühere saarländische Gesundheitsminister und Diplom-Volkswirt ist seit mehr als zwanzig Jahren im deutschen Gesundheitswesen tätig.
Beratung - Strategische Partnerschaften
Authors: Mewis Dirk
Published: December 2017

Anbieter und Nachfrager rücken enger zusammen. Als Berater fungieren inzwischen auch Medizintechnikhersteller wie Siemens Healthcare, Medtronic oder Philips und beteiligen sich zunehmend an Forschungseinrichtungen.
Dezember 2017
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: December 2017

Editorial

Manchmal müssen die Dinge einfach verkehrt herum laufen, damit sich etwas grundlegend ändert. Da müssen sich erst Siri, Alexa und Co. auf privaten Geräten durchsetzen, bis die Profis auch an ihrem Arbeitsplatz im Krankenhaus erkennen, dass Spracherkennung kein Hexenwerk ist und mittlerweile ziemlich gut funktioniert. Und vielleicht schaffen es ja auch die Patienten, dem deutschen Gesundheitssystem den entscheidenden Schubs zu geben und dem Trauerspiel um die Gesundheitskarte endlich ein Ende zu setzen – allein schon, weil sie auf ihr Recht an ihren Daten pochen. Und zwar nicht, weil sie sie irgendwem verweigern, sondern weil sie sie jederzeit und in ihrem Sinne nutzen können möchten. Sprache oder Daten – die Botschaft erkennt man …
Anwendungen - Hauptsache mobil
Authors: Schick Gerrit
Published: December 2017

Mobility ist in Krankenhäusern ein Wort der Stunde. Mit dem Siegeszug mobiler Endgeräte sowie dem Ausbau der WLAN-Infrastrukturen ist der Bedarf an mobilen Anwendungen gestiegen. Damit ergeben sich auch für die Hersteller neue Möglichkeiten. kma hat bei vier Anbietern nachgefragt.
Studiengänge - „Ich hatte mir das etwas einfacher vorgestellt“
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: December 2017

Sich schon in der Ausbildung für das Thema E-Health zu spezialisieren, scheint eine gute Entscheidung zu sein. Zwei Hochschulen in Deutschland bieten Studiengänge an, die es explizit im Namen tragen. Absolvent Jan Malte Kratt hat es anschließend gut getroffen.
Multifunctional YY1 in Liver Diseases
Authors: Yang Shuang , Zhou Jian , Gao Weiwu , Yang Xia , Yang Di , Tian Zhiqiang , Wu Yuzhang , Zhang Mengjie , Zhang Yi , Ni Bing
Published: December 2017

The transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a multifunctional protein that can activate or repress gene expression, depending on the cellular context. While YY1 is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved between species, its role varies among the diverse cell types and includes proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Upregulated YY1 expression is found in pathogenic conditions, such as human hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus infection, and its roles in the molecular pathogenic mechanisms in liver (i.e., fibrosis, carcinogenesis, viral-induced injury) are currently being elucidated. The most recent studies have revealed that YY1 is deeply involved in such dysregulated cellular metabolisms as glycometabolism, lipid metabolism, and bile acid metabolism, which are all involved in various diseases. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on YY1 in liver diseases, providing a focused discussion on the characterized and probable underlying mechanisms, as well as a reasoned evaluation of the potential for YY1-mediated pathology as drug targets in liver disease therapies.
HCC Risk Scores: Useful or Not?
Authors: Sherman Morris
Published: December 2017

The advent and efficacy of surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has necessitated the refinement of assessing who is at risk for this cancer. Initially, risk was assessed for all individuals with hepatitis B and all those with cirrhosis. However, the majority of these individuals do not develop HCC so that providing surveillance for all is a waste of resources. There are now many different scores that have been developed that allow better identification of who is at risk and who is not. Specific models have been developed for hepatitis B before and on treatment, for hepatitis C before and after treatment, and for cirrhosis in general. There are also models for assessing risk in the general population. Some models can only be applied to patients coming from the population in which the score was developed (e.g., hepatitis B). Others are more generalizable. Many lack external validation. With some exceptions, the models do not attempt to assess the score at which surveillance should start. Overall, the models provide some useful guidance as to who does not need to undergo surveillance, but the long-term performance and how changes in risk score correlate with changes in HCC risk has not been completely assessed.
Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures in Women
Authors: Baslet Gaston , Dworetzky Barbara
Published: December 2017

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are the most common type of functional neurological symptom disorders and are frequently diagnosed in tertiary care epilepsy monitoring units. These are associated with significant decline in social functioning and quality of life. The majority of patients with PNES are women, outnumbering men by a ratio of 3:1. Female sex preponderance occurs after puberty and usually before the age of 55 years. Many of the psychiatric risk factors in PNES (depression, anxiety, history of traumatic experiences, other somatic symptom disorders) are more common in women and may partially account for the difference in sex prevalence. Neurobiological and neurohumoral mechanisms may also play a role, but our understanding is limited at this point. In this review, we present information on epidemiology and risk factors, neurobiological and psychological mechanisms, clinical approach to diagnosis, evidence-based treatment, and long-term outcomes. We highlight findings related to differences between women and men in PNES. Most of these data are not decisive and require further corroboration. While the disorder may be more frequently suspected in women, all patients with suspected PNES deserve an objective and thorough investigation of their symptoms. Early and accurate identification of this disorder should be a priority, especially as evidence-based treatments, which may lead to improved outcomes, are increasingly available.
Overdiagnosis: An Understudied Issue in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance
Authors: Rich Nicole , Parikh Neehar , Singal Amit
Published: December 2017

Overdiagnosis, the detection of clinically insignificant disease that would not otherwise impact the patient's lifespan, is a phenomenon that has been described in several solid tumors, such as prostate, breast, thyroid, and lung cancers. Population-based efforts to reduce hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mortality in cirrhosis patients by screening and early detection may result in the overdiagnosis of HCC. One of the harms of overdiagnosis is subsequent overtreatment, which can result in increased costs, as well as physical side effects, psychological harms, and poorer quality of life. In this review, the authors explore the potential for overdiagnosis in HCC.
Zur Bewegung motivieren
Authors: Laube Wolfgang
Published: December 2017

Um Körperfunktionen zu entwickeln, zu verbessern und zu erhalten, ist Training unerlässlich. Degenerative Veränderungen bei Bewegungsmangel
werden häufig erst spät erkannt. Um chronische Erkrankungen zu vermeiden, ist ein der Lebensphase angepasstes Bewegungsprogramm die
beste Prävention.
Clinical Perspectives of Lithium’s Neuroprotective Effect
Authors: Rybakowski Janusz , Suwalska Aleksandra , Hajek Tomas
Published: December 2017

Evidence for a neuroprotective effect of lithium has accumulated over the last 2 decades, and this phenomenon has been regarded as an important mechanism of lithium action in mood disorders. It has been reflected by an increase in cerebral gray matter volume in lithium-treated subjects and by the favorable influence of lithium on cognitive functions. A neuroprotective effect of lithium also makes this ion a possible candidate for use as a therapeutic drug in neurology, especially in neurodegenerative disorders. In this paper, neurochemical mechanisms of neuroprotective action of lithium will be characterized. A possible association between the effect of lithium on brain structures reflected in neuroimaging studies, as well as on cognitive functions, and its neuroprotective action, will be considered. Data from experimental, epidemiological, and clinical studies have also pointed to an antidementia effect of lithium, bringing about some promise of using lithium in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. The results of attempts of employing lithium in other neurodegenerative disorders will also be discussed.
Perspective: THz-driven nuclear dynamics from solids to molecules
Authors: Hamm Peter , Meuwly Markus , Johnson Steve L. , Beaud Paul , Staub Urs
Published: December 2017

Recent years have seen dramatic developments in the technology of intense pulsed light sources in the THz frequency range. Since many dipole-active excitations in solids and molecules also lie in this range, there is now a tremendous potential to use these light sources to study linear and nonlinear dynamics in such systems. While several experimental investigations of THz-driven dynamics in solid-state systems have demonstrated a variety of interesting linear and nonlinear phenomena, comparatively few efforts have been made to drive analogous dynamics in molecular systems. In the present Perspective article, we discuss the similarities and differences between THz-driven dynamics in solid-state and molecular systems on both conceptual and practical levels. We also discuss the experimental parameters needed for these types of experiments and thereby provide design criteria for a further development of this new research branch. Finally, we present a few recent examples to illustrate the rich physics that may be learned from nonlinear THz excitations of phonons in solids as well as inter-molecular vibrations in liquid and gas-phase systems.