bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISO 15189 is a sufficient instrument to guarantee high-quality manufacture of laboratory developed tests for in-house-use conform requirements of the European In-Vitro-Diagnostics Regulation
Authors: Vanstapel Florent J.L.A. , Orth Matthias , Streichert Thomas , Capoluongo Ettore D. , Oosterhuis Wytze P. , Çubukçu Hikmet Can , Bernabeu-Andreu Francisco A. , Thelen Marc , Jacobs Leo H.J. , Linko Solveig , Bhattoa Harjit Pal , Bossuyt Patrick M.M. , Meško Brguljan Pika , Boursier Guilaine , Cobbaert Christa M. , Neumaier Michael
Published: January 2023

The EU In-Vitro Diagnostic Device Regulation (IVDR) aims for transparent risk-and purpose-based validation of diagnostic devices, traceability of results to uniquely identified devices, and post-market surveillance. The IVDR regulates design, manufacture and putting into use of devices, but not medical services using these devices. In the absence of suitable commercial devices, the laboratory can resort to laboratory-developed tests (LDT) for in-house use. Documentary obligations (IVDR Art 5.5), the performance and safety specifications of ANNEX I, and development and manufacture under an ISO 15189-equivalent quality system apply. LDTs serve specific clinical needs, often for low volume niche applications, or correspond to the translational phase of new tests and treatments, often extremely relevant for patient care. As some commercial tests may disappear with the IVDR roll-out, many will require urgent LDT replacement. The workload will also depend on which modifications to commercial tests turns them into an LDT, and on how national legislators and competent authorities (CA) will handle new competences and responsibilities. We discuss appropriate interpretation of ISO 15189 to cover IVDR requirements. Selected cases illustrate LDT implementation covering medical needs with commensurate management of risk emanating from intended use and/or design of devices. Unintended collateral damage of the IVDR comprises loss of non-profitable niche applications, increases of costs and wasted resources, and migration of innovative research to more cost-efficient environments. Taking into account local specifics, the legislative framework should reduce the burden on and associated opportunity costs for the health care system, by making diligent use of existing frameworks.
CuO–Cu/water hybrid nonofluid potentials in impingement jet
Authors: Abdulwahid Ammar F. , Kareem Zaid S. , Balla Hyder H. , Hashim Noora A. , Abbud Luay H.
Published: January 2023

The present study considered an impingement jet using hybrid nanofluid CuO–Cu/water. A single rounded nozzle was used to impinge a turbulent coolant (water) on the hot circular plate at Reynold’s number range of (5,000–15,000). CuO–Cu nanoparticles were physically synthesized at 50 nm size and dispersed by one-step preparation method. The experimentations were conducted with nanoparticle concentrations range of (0.2–1%) by volume. The results showed that the presence of hybrid nanoparticles exhibits a significant improvement in the overall thermal performance of the working fluid. Where the gained heat interpreted by the Nusselt number was found to be 2.8% (in comparing with deionized water) at ϕ = 1% and Re = 15,000, while the minimum gain in the heat was found to be 0.93% at ϕ = 0.2% and Re = 5,000. Furthermore, it was noted that the excessive increase in CuO–Cu nanoparticle concentration causes more pumping power consumption. Moreover, the CuO–Cu nanoparticles residual layer was found to be formed at a high CuO–Cu concentration, which acts as an insulation layer that hinders the heat exchange. It was also found that the threshold of nozzle-to-plate spacing is H = 4, before which, the heat gain is positive, and negative plummet after.
Detection of different chemical moieties in aqueous media by luminescent Europium as sensor
Authors: Bashir Komal , Jamil Faisal , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan , Nazir Sadia , Shoukat Umar Sohail , Bashir Anam , Nasrullah Kainat , Rehman Ateeq-Ur
Published: January 2023

Detection of different chemical moieties especially trace metals is important for humans as well as water safety. In this review, different detectors synthesized by the combination of different ligands with luminescent europium complexes were discussed for the separation of metals and chemical moieties in aqueous media. These detectors displayed high sensitivity and selectivity. The limit-of-detection values were very low indicating that these detectors are best suitable for the sensing of chemical moieties and trace metals. These detectors’ luminescent changes could be noticed with the naked eye.
Pablo Martínez Carmona, Fiestas de la patria y ceremonias cívicas en la región central de Veracruz durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Cruz García Horacio
Published: January 2023

Reseña a: Pablo Martínez Carmona, Fiestas de la patria y ceremonias cívicas en la región central de Veracruz durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX, México: Instituto de Investigaciones sobre la Universidad y la Educación - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2020, 422 pp.
Adolescent Parvalbumin Expression in the Left Orbitofrontal Cortex Shapes Sociability in Female Mice
Authors: Jeon Yi-Seon , Jeong Daun , Kweon Hanseul , Kim Jae-Hyun , Kim Choong Yeon , Oh Youngbin , Lee Young-Ho , Kim Chan Hyuk , Kim Sang-Gyu , Jeong Jae-Woong , Kim Eunjoon , Lee Seung-Hee
Published: January 2023

The adolescent social experience is essential for the maturation of the prefrontal cortex in mammalian species. However, it still needs to be determined which cortical circuits mature with such experience and how it shapes adult social behaviors in a sex-specific manner. Here, we examined social-approaching behaviors in male and female mice after postweaning social isolation (PWSI), which deprives social experience during adolescence. We found that the PWSI, particularly isolation during late adolescence, caused an abnormal increase in social approaches (hypersociability) only in female mice. We further found that the PWSI female mice showed reduced parvalbumin (PV) expression in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFCL). When we measured neural activity in the female OFCL, a substantial number of neurons showed higher activity when mice sniffed other mice (social sniffing) than when they sniffed an object (object sniffing). Interestingly, the PWSI significantly reduced both the number of activated neurons and the activity level during social sniffing in female mice. Similarly, the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown of PV in the OFCLduring late adolescence enhanced sociability and reduced the social sniffing-induced activity in adult female mice via decreased excitability of PV+neurons and reduced synaptic inhibition in the OFCL. Moreover, optogenetic activation of excitatory neurons or optogenetic inhibition of PV+neurons in the OFCLenhanced sociability in female mice. Our data demonstrate that the adolescent social experience is critical for the maturation of PV+inhibitory circuits in the OFCL; this maturation shapes female social behavior via enhancing social representation in the OFCL.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAdolescent social isolation often changes adult social behaviors in mammals. Yet, we do not fully understand the sex-specific effects of social isolation and the brain areas and circuits that mediate such changes. Here, we found that adolescent social isolation causes three abnormal phenotypes in female but not male mice: hypersociability, decreased PV+neurons in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFCL), and decreased socially evoked activity in the OFCL. Moreover, parvalbumin (PV) deletion in the OFCLin vivocaused the same phenotypes in female mice by increasing excitation compared with inhibition within the OFCL. Our data suggest that adolescent social experience is required for PV maturation in the OFCL, which is critical for evoking OFCLactivity that shapes social behaviors in female mice.
Postsynaptic NMDA Receptor Expression Is Required for Visual Corticocollicular Projection Refinement in the Mouse Superior Colliculus
Authors: Johnson Kristy O. , Harel Leeor , Triplett Jason W.
Published: January 2023

Efficient sensory processing of spatial information is facilitated through the organization of neuronal connections into topographic maps of space. In integrative sensory centers, converging topographic maps must be aligned to merge spatially congruent information. The superior colliculus (SC) receives topographically ordered visual inputs from retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the eye and layer 5 neurons in the primary visual cortex (L5-V1). Previous studies suggest that RGCs instruct the alignment of later-arriving L5-V1 inputs in an activity-dependent manner. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Here, we explored the role of NMDA receptors in visual map alignment in the SC using a conditional genetic knockout approach. We leveraged a novel knock-in mouse line that expresses tamoxifen-inducible Cre recombinase under the control of theTal1gene (Tal1CreERT2), which we show allows for specific recombination in the superficial layers of the SC. We usedTal1CreERT2mice of either sex to conditionally delete the obligate GluN1 subunit of the NMDA receptor (SC-cKO) during the period of visual map alignment. We observed a significant disruption of L5-V1 axon terminal organization in the SC of SC-cKO mice. Importantly, retinocollicular topography was unaffected in this context, suggesting that alignment is also disrupted. Time-course experiments suggest that NMDA receptors may play a critical role in the refinement of L5-V1 inputs in the SC. Together, these data implicate NMDA receptors as critical mediators of activity-dependent visual map alignment in the SC.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlignment of topographic inputs is critical for integration of spatially congruent sensory information; however, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this complex process. Here, we took a conditional genetic approach to explore the role of NMDA receptors in the alignment of retinal and cortical visual inputs in the superior colliculus. We characterize a novel mouse line providing spatial and temporal control of recombination in the superior colliculus and reveal a critical role for NMDA expression in visual map alignment. These data support a role for neuronal activity in visual map alignment and provide mechanistic insight into this complex developmental process.
Outcome of COVID-19 infections in patients with adrenal insufficiency and excess
Authors: Nowotny Hanna F , Bryce Jillian , Ali Salma R , Giordano Roberta , Baronio Federico , Chifu Irina , Tschaidse Lea , Cools Martine , van den Akker Erica LT , Falhammar Henrik , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha M , Persani Luca , Beccuti Guglielmo , Ross Ian L , Grozinsky-Glasberg Simona , Pereira Alberto M , Husebye Eystein S , Hahner Stefanie , Faisal Ahmed S , Reisch Nicole
Published: January 2023

Background

Information on clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection in patients with adrenal disorders is scarce.

Methods

A collaboration between the European Society of Endocrinology (ESE) Rare Disease Committee and European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions via the European Registries for Rare Endocrine Conditions allowed the collection of data on 64 cases (57 adrenal insufficiency (AI), 7 Cushing’s syndrome) that had been reported by 12 centres in 8 European countries between January 2020 and December 2021.

Results

Of all 64 patients, 23 were males and 41 females (13 of those children) with a median age of 37 and 51 years. In 45/57 (95%) AI cases, COVID-19 infection was confirmed by testing. Primary insufficiency was present in 45/57 patients; 19 were affected by Addison’s disease, 19 by congenital adrenal hyperplasia and 7 by primary AI (PAI) due to other causes. The most relevant comorbidities were hypertension (12%), obesity (n = 14%) and diabetes mellitus (9%). An increase by a median of 2.0 (IQR 1.4) times the daily replacement dose was reported in 42 (74%) patients. Two patients were administered i.m. injection of 100 mg hydrocortisone, and 11/64 were admitted to the hospital. Two patients had to be transferred to the intensive care unit, one with a fatal outcome. Four patients reported persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection, all others complete remission.

Conclusion

This European multicentre questionnaire is the first to collect data on the outcome of COVID-19 infection in patients with adrenal gland disorders. It suggests good clinical outcomes in case of duly dose adjustments and emphasizes the importance of patient education on sick day rules.
SNAP Participation and Emergency Department Use
Authors: Sonik Rajan Anthony , Coleman-Jensen Alisha , Creedon Timothy B. , Yang Xinyu
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES

To examine whether Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation is associated with emergency department use among low-income children and whether any such association is mediated by household food hardship and child health status and/or moderated by special health care needs (SHCN) status. We hypothesized SNAP to be associated with reduced likelihoods of emergency department use, with greater effect sizes for children with SHCN and mediation by food hardship and health status.

METHODS

In this secondary analysis, we estimated a bivariate probit model (with state-level SNAP administrative policies as instruments) within a structural equation modeling framework using pooled cross-sectional samples of children in low-income households from the 2016 to 2019 iterations of the National Survey of Children’s Health (n = 24 990).

RESULTS

Among children with and without SHCN, respectively, SNAP was associated with: 22.0 percentage points (pp) (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.2–31.8pp) and 17.1pp (95% CI 7.2–27.0pp) reductions in the likelihood of household food hardship exposure (4.8pp difference-in-differences, 95% CI 2.3–7.4pp), 9.7pp (95% CI 3.9–15.5pp) and 7.9pp (95% CI 2.2–13.6) increases in the likelihood of excellent health status (1.9pp difference-in-differences, 95% CI 0.7–3.0pp), and 7.7pp (95% CI 2.9–12.5pp) and 4.3pp (95% CI 1.0–7.6pp) reductions in the likelihood of emergency department use (3.4pp difference-in-differences, 95% CI 1.8–5.1pp).

CONCLUSIONS

We found SNAP participation was associated with lower likelihoods of emergency department use, that better food hardship and health statuses mediated this association, and that effect sizes were larger among children with SHCN. Food hardship relief may improve outcomes for vulnerable children and the health systems serving them.
Buerger’s disease with cerebral involvement in a middle-aged woman with diabetes mellitus. A case report
Authors: Frías-Ordoñez Juan Sebastián , Pérez-Hernández Maria Alejandra , Angarita-Céspedes José Ignacio , Mora-Alfonso Sergio Alexander , Hernández-Restrepo Michel , Parra-Bonilla Humberto Carlo
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Buerger’s disease (BD) generally affects men, young people, and smokers, but it can also affect women. Its incidence is rare in Latin America.
Case report: A 40-year-old Colombian woman, active smoker and user of psychoactive substances, attended the emergency department of a tertiary care center due to symptoms of 3 days consisting of retraction of the corner of the mouth, drooling, and involuntary tongue movements. The patient, who had a history of uncontrolled diabetes and recent acute ischemia of the right upper limb due to acute thrombosis, required surgical management and subsequent use of oral anticoagulation. She later developed necrotic changes in the distal phalanges of the right hand that required ablative therapy. Since age, sex and limb involvement were not typical for BD, collagenosis, vasculitis or thrombophilia were ruled out, but after excluding these disorders, BD with atypical features was considered. The patient was discharged with oral anticoagulation, aspirin, combined analgesia, physiotherapy, and recommendation for smoking cessation.
Conclusions: Age, sex, smoking and comorbidities such as diabetes are risk factors for BD. Imaging and histopathology are the gold standard for the definitive diagnosis of this entity. Multidisciplinary management, lifestyle changes, smoking cessation, pain control, good wound healing and social support are key aspects for better clinical outcomes in patients with BD.
Desafíos educativos y orientaciones motivacionales en población universitaria del área de la salud durante la pandemia por la COVID-19
Authors: Olguín López Alma Yasmin , Arriaga Martínez Jorge Luis , Gaeta González Martha Leticia
Published: January 2023

Las clases en línea se han convertido en uno de los principales métodos de enseñanza en la educación superior durante la pandemia, lo cual ha llevado al estudiantado a realizar esfuerzos de adaptación para mantener su motivación ante distintos desafíos educativos no resueltos en su totalidad. El objetivo del estudio fue describir los desafíos educativos y las orientaciones motivacionales del estudiantado universitario de enfermería durante la pandemia por la COVID-19. A través de un diseño de tipo descriptivo, se aplicó un cuestionario estandarizado a 300 personas universitarias mexicanas. Los principales hallazgos indicaron que el alumnado se enfrenta principalmente a desafíos tecnológicos, seguido de los socioafectivos. Sin embargo, la orientación motivacional hacia el aprendizaje predomina entre el alumnado, donde el contexto educativo es un determinante del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se concluye que la motivación (orientación al aprendizaje) favorece al aprendizaje y actúa como un intermediario importante durante el aprendizaje en línea. El traslado de la educación presencial a la educación a distancia ha dificultado la integración y adaptación del estudiantado, mientras los desafíos educativos se agudizaron en un contexto de pandemia, donde las categorías tecnológicas y socioafectivas son los factores a los que se enfrentan las y los estudiantes. Se recomienda realizar un estudio de tipo correlacional que permita proporcionar una mejor comprensión de la posible relación entre las dos variables estudiadas. Además de que en un futuro se podría emplear métodos distintos de tipo cualitativo para explorar más a fondo el significado de las diferentes orientaciones motivacionales en entornos educativos en línea bajo distintas condiciones.
Congruencia entre la práctica docente y la evaluación de la docencia por parte del estudiantado en educación superior: estudio de casos en la Universidad Veracruzana
Authors: Silva Blanco Lily Ariadna
Published: January 2023

Existe una fuerte relación entre la calidad educativa y la calidad de la docencia que se ofrece en las universidades, por ello se concede especial importancia a la evaluación del desempeño docente. En este sentido, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar si existe congruencia entre la práctica docente, la percepción de la población estudiantil y la calificación asignada en la evaluación de la docencia por parte del estudiantado. Se utilizó el enfoque cualitativo, complementado con el cuantitativo, la investigación descriptiva y el estudio de casos. La muestra consistió en 10 docentes y 10 estudiantes pertenecientes a las áreas académicas que comprende la Universidad Veracruzana (UV). Se recabó información a partir de observaciones en el aula y entrevistas abiertas; la información fue analizada a través de una matriz de congruencia. Se encontró que no existe congruencia entre la calificación que obtiene el personal docente en la evaluación del desempeño con su práctica en el aula, tomando como referencia las actividades que valora el instrumento de evaluación del Programa de Estímulos al Desempeño del Personal Académico (PEDPA) de la UV. La falta de congruencia radica en la percepción del estudiantado y en la valoración de elementos que no considera el instrumento de evaluación, ya que el cuerpo docente lleva a la práctica mayores conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes que las que evalúa, donde destacan atributos afectivos, relaciones interpersonales y características personales. Estos hallazgos muestran la necesidad de crear un sistema de evaluación docente que incluya diversas técnicas, como la autoevaluación, retroalimentación, observaciones, evaluación por pares, entre otras que permitan obtener una evaluación más efectiva del desempeño docente.
La innovación en la educación superior y sus retos a partir del COVID-19
Authors: Arriaga Cárdenas Omar Guillermo , Lara Magaña Paola del Carmen
Published: January 2023

A partir de la llegada del virus sars COVID-19, la educación superior ha sufrido cambios significativos en la innovación educativa y se refleja en cómo se transmite y se adquiere el conocimiento. Lo anterior ha producido controversias en la forma en que el estudiantado implementa nuevas condiciones para el aprendizaje y conlleva a la aparición de nuevos retos en la formación académica, la cual ha generado incertidumbre al posible rezago escolar que puedan atravesar en su mayoría el alumnado en todos los niveles. Para la realización de la presente investigación se utilizó el método cualitativo documental, el cual es resultado de una revisión bibliográfica de autorías expertas en la materia a nivel nacional e internacional, con una revisión exhaustiva, descriptiva, evaluativa y con la revisión de casos clínicos, todo esto con el objetivo de identificar los principales componentes de la innovación educativa y los nuevos retos que la acompañan desde la emergencia sanitaria surgida en el año 2020. Entre los hallazgos se puede identificar la resistencia al cambio como uno de los principales problemas al cual se enfrenta el personal docente y el estudiantado en esta nueva forma de innovar en la educación; los desafíos sobre cómo se transmitirá el conocimiento; la importancia del papel que las universidades juegan en este proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje por medio de la capacitación adecuada y el uso de las tecnologías del aprendizaje y la comunicación interna en la institución.
E-orvosok Magyarországon: Digitális egészséggel kapcsolatos tapasztalatok és vélemények a hazai orvosok körében
Authors: Girasek Edmond , Boros Julianna , Döbrössy Bence , Győrffy Zsuzsa
Published: January 2023

Bevezetés: Az egészségügy digitalizációja az egyik
legaktuálisabb kérdés az egészségügy jelene és jövője szempontjából. A
koronavírus-járvány megvilágította az ezen technológiákban rejlő lehetőségeket,
és egyben felszínre hozott számtalan, megoldásra váró feladatot és problémát.
Célkitűzés: Országos orvosi felmérésünkben arra keressük a
választ, hogy milyen az ellátói oldal adaptációja a digitális egészségügyi
megoldásokhoz. Módszer: 2021 júliusa és 2022 májusa között
online kérdőíves felmérést végeztünk a Magyarországon dolgozó orvosok körében.
Kérdéseinkre 1774 fő adott választ, ebből 1576 általános orvos és 198 fogorvos;
a tanulmányban az általános orvosok válaszait mutatjuk be.
Eredmények: A válaszadó orvosok 78,8%-a több-kevesebb
rendszerességgel ajánl weboldalakat, 52,8% ajánlott már applikációkat, 46,0%
pedig közösségi médiaforrásokat pácienseinek. A megkérdezett orvosok nagy igényt
tapasztalnak a páciensek részéről az e-mailben történő kommunikációra (83,7%
jelezte). Az orvosok 86,4%-a ismeri a telemedicinális megoldásokat, és 47,5%-uk
a következő 3 évben szeretné intenzíven használni azokat: a válaszadók jelentős
része szívesen használna applikációkat (56,2%), szenzorokat, hordozható
diagnosztikai eszközöket (49,0%) és a mesterséges intelligencia nyújtotta
lehetőségeket (28,3%). Elmondható, hogy a háziorvosok szignifikánsan gyakrabban
ajánlanak weboldalt, applikációt, közösségi médiai forrást a többi orvoshoz
képest, és ők azok, akik a betegek egészségügyi célú internethasználatát,
valamint a telemedicina alkalmazását a leginkább támogatják.
Következtetés: Kutatásunk válaszadói alapvetően pozitív
érzéseket mutatnak az egészségügy digitalizációja iránt, és óvatos nyitottság
jellemzi őket a technológiák implementálását és adaptációját illetően. Orv
Hetil. 2023; 164(4): 132–139.
Historyczne nazwiska odimienne w antroponimii Żydów piotrkowskich
Authors:   Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie, Instytut Językoznawstwa, Polska, Klimas Agnieszka
Published: January 2023

The name-based surnames of the Jews in Piotrków are structurally different. Their derivative basis consists mainly of Old Testament names in different (linguistic) forms, but also in Yiddish form. Among the most common were Jacob, Moses and Izaak. The anthroponyms of the Jews in the territory of Piotrków were formed with suffixes of different origin, mainly of Slavic and German descent. Jewish name-based surnames represent the cognitive categories of person and kinship. The prototype model of surnames derived from male names is: biblical first name + suffix -owicz/-ewicz and derived from female names is: yiddish first name + suffix -ski.
Przestrzeń słowem malowana w relacjach meczów siatkarskich
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Kochmańska Wioletta
Published: January 2023

The article presents methods of indicating space in sports coverage of Plus Liga and Tauron Liga volleyball matches broadcast on the dedicated sports channels of Polsat television in the years 2019–21. With the help of cognitive analysis, combining the concepts of JOS and MOS and conceptual schemas including the metaphor, and taking into account the results of linguistic analysis of statements in matches, it has been shown that space is conceptualized in various ways in individual modes of the text – in the image transmitted to the viewers and in the words addressed to them. The evoked conceptual category is an important multi-level three-dimensional area, at the same time being a component of the game strategy. In the statements, it is signaled both in subjective and objective terms in the form of messages with a ritualized form, as well as unconventionally formulated reports using metaphors, intertextual references and surprising conceptual imaging.
Dlaczego słowo Murzyn jest dziś obraźliwe? Rozważania historyka języka
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Polska, Paluszak-Bronka Anna
Published: January 2023

In the article I discuss the development of the word Murzyn [eng. Nigger] from the earliest times up to the present in order to prove the thesis that the word, burdened with bad connotations in the Middle Ages, is humiliating and offensive today. This is evidenced by nineteenth-century uses in the sense of ‘slave, servant’. Today, for many, especially young people, it has lost its original meaning, and as the synonym of the words: bambo, bambus [bamboo], asfalt [asphalt], syfiarz [sloven], brudas [slob], złodziej [thief], gangster [gangster], niewolnik [slave], prostak [gaby] is associated with backwardness, primitiveness, animalization and banditry. It is used as an offensive term for depreciation, being often a tool of verbal aggression.
W polu widzenia: morfem i grafem 見 jiàn ‘widzieć’ we współczesnym języku chińskim
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, Polska, Zajdler Ewa
Published: January 2023

The paper deals with the morpho-syllabic grapheme 見 jiàn in Mandarin Chinese. It explores the monosyllabic Chinese word ‘see’ in the graphemic perspective of traditional Chinese writing as well as the contribution of the radical 見 jiàn ‘see’ to the notation of the Chinese morphemes in the semantic field of “seeing”. The introduction to the topic outlines the relationship of a morpheme, syllable and grapheme. The historical background of the Kangxi radicals is discussed to show that the canon of graphemes classifies the entries in the traditional dictionaries of Chinese characters. The morphemes assigned in the dictionary to the radical 見 jiàn were analysed in the current paper with regard to “seeing” as a semantic component. Finally, drawing on the analysis, a model for the relationship of the morphemes’ prototypical meaning has been proposed.
Machine Learning Model for Determination of the Optimal Strategy in an Online Auction
Authors: Ivashko Anna , Safonov Georgy
Published: January 2023

We apply a machine learning model to determine the optimal strategy in an online auction for the rent of computing resources using the best-choice model. The best-choice model allows clients to minimize the expected cost of renting a computing resource based on the spot price distribution function. The spot price dynamics platform is investigated. The most suitable price distributions in an auction are the normal distribution and its mixtures. In this case, the problems of determining the number of components in the mixture and estimating its parameters arise. One of the well-known methods for determining the number of components in a mixture of normal distributions is the BIC criterion. The EM algorithm is a basic tool for estimating the parameters of a mixture of distributions if we know the number of components. However, parameter estimation by this method takes more time when both the sample size and the number of components of the mixture increase. To automate and expedite the process of determining the number of components for a mixture of normal distributions and estimating its parameters, a classification machine learning model based on a convolutional neural network is developed. The results of the model training and validation are presented. The suggested model is compared with other algorithms which do not use neural networks. The results show that the suggested model performs well in determining the most appropriate number of components for a mixture of normal distributions and in reducing the time spent on applying the EM algorithm to estimate its parameters. This model can be used in different arias, for example, in finance or for determination of the optimal strategy in an online auction for the rent of computing resources.
The principal’s role in managing curriculum change: Implications for the provision of quality education
Authors: Govindasamy Vanitha , Mestry Raj
Published: January 2023

Drawing mainly on Lewin’s 3-Phase Process of Change framework, in the study reported on here we explored the role of principals in facilitating curriculum reforms. A case study design within an interpretivist paradigm was employed to determine the experiences and perceptions of principals, school management teams (SMTs) and teachers of how principals managed curriculum changes in their schools. Change is deemed a necessary and significant component of educational praxis. Principals, as instructional leaders, are compelled to be the driving force in managing curriculum reforms, ensuring that changes are conscientiously aligned to high learner achievement. Data were gathered through personal and focus-group interviews using a purposeful sample comprising of 4 principals, 13 SMT members and 9 teachers. Findings reveal that principals were not directly involved in the facilitation of curriculum changes but delegated this to deputy principals and heads of departments. For SMTs and principals to effectively manage curriculum changes, a collaborative culture must exist in schools. It is recommended that principals should make a paradigm shift by placing high priority to the procurement of adequate resources, providing support and development to teachers, and keeping abreast with latest trends in teaching. This approach will result in high learner achievement and educational standards.
Myocilin as a Potential Factor for the Fast Type Change in the Muscle Isoform Composition: A Mini Review
Authors: Choi Yunsuk , Jee Hyunseok
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND Various factors-based properties of the skeletal muscle are determined by mechanical stress, chemical stimuli, neuromuscular stimuli, different protein isoforms etc. The properties of the muscle are formed in the process of the balance between anabolism and catabolism. Especially, the anabolism on the way of the cell proliferation to its differentiation is accompanied by various controlling signal pathways.
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study focused on the mTOR/S6K system, Myosin, and Myocilin among these signaling pathways, especially on previously reported studies on the contribution of Myocilin to the skeletal muscle fiber type transformation.METHODS To identify the molecular pathways related to muscle development, the KEGG Mapper was used to present the mTOR-related signaling system that has not been identified so far.RESULTS Consequently, it suggests that it affects the myogenic process, through the path of PI3K->AKT->MEF2->MyoC->mTOR->p70S6K->S6.CONCLUSIONS It also suggests that Myocilin serves as a potential effector to control skeletal muscle cell type. Furthermore, more detailed study on the potential target-oriented (to the fast or slow fiber type change) role of Myocilin for enhancing the health state by adjusted exercise programs developed by its optimal type, intensity, frequency, and time is awaited.
Can Low Intensity Strength Training Alone for Older Females Improve Cardiovascular and Functional Fitness?
Authors: Kim Yunsik , O’Sullivan David Michael
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND Maintaining muscle mass and an efficient cardiovascular system is vital for healthy aging.OBJECTIVES This study investigates if a low intensity senior strength exercise program for the older females can have an effect cardiovascular function and improve senior functional fitness.METHODS There were 22 older females, randomly divided into a strength exercise (age: 72.18 ± 4.97 yrs; height: 1.54 ± 0.06 m; weight: 58.02 ± 7.29 kg; BMI:24.43 ± 2.69 kg/m2) and control group (age: 77.63 ± 4.96 yrs; height: 1.51 ± 0.05 m; weight: 53.66 ± 6.62 kg; BMI:23.54 ± 2.22 kg/m2). The strength exercise group participated three times per week for 20 weeks, while the control group did not do any additional treatment or exercise. Participants were tested pre and post strength exercise, and the data were statistically analyzed using two-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), with a significance level of p <0.05.RESULTS The results show significant differences (p<0.001) in homocysteine levels, with an interaction effect between time and group. There were no differences in changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate between groups (p=0.050). There was an interaction effect (p<0.001) for the six components of the senior fitness test and between group and time in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse pressure.CONCLUSION In conclusion the results suggest that low intensity strength exercise program can improved cardiovascular fitness related variables, and homocysteine, as well as functional fitness, blood pressure, heart rate and pulse pressure.
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Body Composition and the Derivatives of Reactive Oxygen Metabolites & Biological Antioxidant Potential
Authors: Kim Chang-Gyun
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES This study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise at different intensities on body composition and the derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites & biological antioxidant potential.METHODS The recruited subjects of thirty young men without any medical problems were divided into LEAI(light-exercise aerobic intensity, n=10), MEAI(moderate-exercise aerobic intensity, n=10), and VEAI(vigorous-exercise aerobic intensity, n=10). The variables were measured to the body compositions (%body fat, BMI & WHR) and the derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites & biological antioxidant potential) on pre-and post-exercise protocol programs for 8 weeks. The collected blood samples from a fingertip were analyzed with FRAS evolve, H & D co., Italy. Statistical analysis used the two-way repeatedmeasures ANOVA and Tukey’s test for post-hoc analysis and test of homogeneity with Levene’s F value.RESULTS The results are as follows; In body compositions, %body fat was shown a significant difference between pre-and post-exercise in the VIAE group and a significant difference between LIAE & VIEA and MIEA group in post-exercise. WHR(waist to hip ratio) was shown a significant difference between LIAE & VIEA and MIEA group in post-exercise. The oxidative stress, d-ROM(derivatives of Reactive Oxygen Metabolites) was not shown a difference significantly, and BAP(Biological Antioxidant Potential) significant difference between pre-and post-exercise in LIEA & VIEA groups.CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, it increased oxidative stress parameters, the derivatives of Reactive Oxygen Metabolites, and Biological Antioxidant Potential in each group after 8 weeks of exercise. The antioxidant defense system was revealed to ensure biological safety in regular exercise situations.
Broń palna i przestępstwa z jej użyciem w Polsce i w wybranych krajach Europy
Authors:   Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna, Trzcińska Luiza
Published: January 2023

This article is based on an overview of the legislation on access to firearms in Poland and European countries, as well as an overview of the figures on the number of gun crime. The aim of the article is to present the regulations governing access to firearms in Poland and selected European countries.
Міжнародно-правове регулювання забезпечення авіаційної безпеки: стан та перспективи розвитку в рамках загального теоретичного дослідження
Authors:   Flying Academy of the National Aviation University, Мошняга Любов , Стецюк Богдан ,   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs
Published: January 2023

The article deals with crimes against air transport, which can be divided into two groups: seizures of aircraft and other crimes against civil aviation safety. The normative and legal definition of the classification of international crimes, disagreement in legal qualification and terminological definition of these crimes under the legislation of foreign states, as well as the lack of practical application of legal norms of conventions in combating international crimes, in part of the extradition, creates certain difficulties for the legislation. further extradition of persons hiding from investigation and court in a foreign state. In the crime of international character, similar to the internal state, the composition of the crime of international character is allocated, which is a set of objective and subjective features, based on which individuals attracted to criminal responsibility. But it should be noted that the elements of the crime of international character do not always coincide with elements of a crime in domestic criminal law. Basic normative acts aimed at providing aviation safety, operate on three levels: global level (International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), basic documents: Crimes Convention and some other acts committed on board aircraft (Tokyo, 1963) ; Convention on the fight against illegal capture of aircraft (GAAGA, 1971); Convention on the fight against illegal acts directed against the safety of civil aviation (Montreal, 1971); Protocol on the fight against acts of violence at airports serving civil aviation (Montreal, 1988, complements the Montreal Convention in 1971); Convention on the marking of plastic explosives in order to detect (Montreal, 1991); Convention on the fight against illegal acts concerning international civil aviation (Beijing, 2010) ; regional level (European Aviation Security Agency (EASA), European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC), European and North Atlantic Bureau of ICAO (Paris), Found Documents – Politics of the European Civil Aviation Conference in Aviation Safety; National Level – State Aviation Administration (SAA), Basic Documents: Air Code of Ukraine of 19.05.2011, Law of Ukraine “On the State Program of Aviation Safety of Civil Aviation” dated 20.02.2003, Order of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Ukraine No. 390 dated May 11, 2007, instructions for assessing the risk of security of civil aviation of Ukraine.
Представництво національних меншин Польщі в органах державної влади
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Матвієнків Світлана
Published: January 2023

The question of the participation of all the public groups of the country in representative bodies of all levels is relevant to any state. However, the most difficult task is to represent the representative body of interests of national minorities. Different countries have come up with a different solution to this issue. The problem of the representation of national minorities in the authorities is for both traditionally multi-ethnic states and for countries that are reasonably homogeneous in the ethnic plan. This problem will persist as long as there are nations, nationalities, national minorities. People always seek to identify themselves with a particular community, and national identification is the most acceptable. The threat of assimilation of national minorities greatly enhances the desire to preserve its national identity, which always goes into the area of political relations and the need for political decision-making. This article analyzes the current problem of representation of national minorities in the legislative bodies of the Republic of Poland. The aim of the study was to analyze the participation of minority groups in the political (in particular, electoral) process of the state through the formation of ethnic elites and ethnopolitical parties. To complete the selected topic, the following tasks were set: to substantiate the place and the role of national minorities in the socio-political life of the state, to analyze the creation of political parties by individual national minorities and their participation in parliamentary and municipal elections. It is concluded that at the present stage all nationalities living in Poland are disproportionately represented in the state legislative bodies.
A decreased trajectory of loneliness among Brazilians aged 50 years and older during the COVID-19 pandemic: ELSI-Brazil
Authors: Braga Luciana de Souza , Moreira Bruno de Souza , Torres Juliana Lustosa , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Lima Anna Carolina Lustosa , Vaz Camila Teixeira , Machado Elaine Leandro , Caiaffa Waleska Teixeira , Ferri Cleusa Pinheiro , Mambrini Juliana Vaz de Melo
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to estimate prevalence of loneliness among older Brazilian adults over the first seven months of the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the predictors of loneliness trajectories. Pre-pandemic data derived from face-to-face interviews of participants of the 2019-2020 Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), which is a nationally representative study of community-dwelling individuals aged 50 years and over. Pandemic data were based on three rounds of telephone interviews among those participants, conducted from May to October 2020. Loneliness was measured by a single-item question, considering those who had at least two repeated measures. Explanatory variables included depression, living alone, leaving home in the last week, and virtual connectedness in the last month. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and to investigate loneliness trajectories and their predictors. In total, 5,108 participants were included. The overall prevalence of loneliness in the pre-pandemic period was 33.1% (95%CI: 29.4-36.8), higher than the pandemic period (round 1: 23.6%, 95%CI: 20.6-26.9; round 2: 20.5%, 95%CI: 17.8-23.5; round 3: 20.6%, 95%CI: 17.1-24.6). A significant interaction (p ≤ 0.05) was evidenced only between depression and time; participants with depression showed a greater reduction in loneliness levels. Although loneliness levels in Brazil have decreased during the pandemic, this pattern is not present for all older adults. Individuals with depression had a more significant reduction, probably due to feeling closer to their social network members during the stay-at-home recommendations.
A leitura de textos plurilíngues por estudantes surdos a partir de uma abordagem de intercompreensão: enfoques sobre a dimensão psicológica
Authors: Lúgaro Maria Carolina , Sá Maria Helena Araújo e , Silva Ana Isabel
Published: January 2023

RESUMO A intercompreensão como abordagem plurilíngue pode favorecer o desenvolvimento das multiliteracias4 dos estudantes surdos, integrando-os em um mundo multilíngue e multimodal. Este artigo se apoia na implementação, junto de estudantes surdos de Brasil e Portugal, de um Programa de Intercompreensão em Línguas com foco na leitura, que objetivou desenvolver as suas multiliteracias. O eixo psicológico do referencial que suporta o Programa envolve a abertura às línguas e à diversidade, motivação e confiança para lidar com o novo, a descoberta das relações entre línguas e a vontade de explorá-las. Os dados analisados provêm das videogravações das sessões do Programa; registros no diário da investigadora e atividades dos alunos. Os resultados indicam que construir sentidos em línguas pouco conhecidas pelos estudantes demandou investimento cognitivo e psicológico, no qual autoconfiança, disposição para arriscar e resiliência foram fundamentais. O diálogo, a multimodalidade do Programa e a combinação de modalidades linguísticas na comunicação favoreceram a mobilização e expansão dos repertórios dos participantes e o desenvolvimento das suas multiliteracias.
Pelvic inflammatory disease hospitalizations in Brazil: time trend from 2000 to 2019
Authors: Perciney Patrick , Costa Ana Luísa Soares , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves , Nogueira Mário Círio
Published: January 2023

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the temporal trend of hospitalizations for pelvic infammatory disease in Brazil and its regions between 2000 and 2019. Methods: longitudinal ecological study with data from the Hospital Information System. The analysis of temporal trends in hospitalization rates by age group was performed using segmented linear regression (joinpoint regression). Both annual percent change total and by age groups were estimated for Brazil and each region. Results: Brazil had an average reduction of 5.2% per year in the period and the age groups most affected were 20 to 29 and 30 to 39 years. North region had the highest rates and South and Southeast regions, the lowest. Midwest region had the largest annual average reduction (8.1%), followed by the Northeast (5.7%), Southeast (5.0%), North (4.6%) and South (4.3 %). The only age group that showed a significant increase was that of 10 to 19 years in the Southeast in the period from 2008 to 2019 (0.9%) and in the Northeast in the period from 2014 to 2019 (3.3%). Conclusions: hospitalization due to pelvic infammatory disease has significantly decreased in Brazil. The increase observed for adolescents in the Southeast and Northeast in the most recent period points to problems in the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections in this age group.
Association between prepregnancy and newborn body mass index
Authors: Araújo Allanne Pereira , Carvalho Carolina Abreu de , Ribeiro Cecilia Claudia Costa , Barbosa Janaina Maiana Abreu , Viola Poliana Cristina de Almeida Fonseca , Simões Vanda Maria Ferreira
Published: January 2023

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the association between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and newborns’ (NB) BMI. Methods: cohort study with 1,365 pregnant women and their newborns from the BRISA survey (Brazilian Ribeirão Preto and São Luís Birth Cohort Studies) in São Luís-MA. Prepregnancy BMI was self-reported, and newborns’ BMI was estimated using the weight and length measured at birth. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) was developed to identify the adjustment variables. The association between the prepregnancy BMI and newborns’ BMI were analyzed using multiple linear and Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. Results: NBs had 13.4±1.7kg/m2 average BMI at birth. In the linear analysis, we observed that as the prepregnancy BMI increases, the NBs BMI also increases (ß=0.07; CI95%=0.05–0.09;p<0.001). Newborns of mothers with prepregnancy overweight were 3.58 times more likely to be overweight. Conclusion: prepregnancy BMI can affect newborn’s BMI early. Thus, women planning to become pregnant should consider conducting nutritional planning to maintain or obtain a healthy weight to minimize the risk of overweight for the newborn.