bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenology of Ríbes nígrum L. varieties bred by the Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture in the conditions of the Bashkir Pre-Ural region
Authors:   Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture - a separate structural unit of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the RAS, Golovina Lyudmila A. , Ishmuratova Maya M. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology
Published: November 2024

Black currant (Ríbes nígrum L.) is a valuable crop with nutritional, culinary, and medicinal properties. In the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB), the local varietal assortment of R. nígrum includes varieties bred by the Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture: ‘Belskaya’, ‘Bobrovaya’, ‘Valovaya’, ‘Iremel’, ‘Karaidel’, ‘Kushnarenkovskaya’, ‘Truzhenitca’, and ‘Estafet’a. This study presents results from phenological observations conducted from 2015 to 2023. The early onset of vegetation was noted in 2023 from April 1-5, while the latest onset occurred from April 24 to May 5 in 2018. Shoot growth in R. nígrum varieties typically begins in the first decade of May. Early flowering was recorded in late April (2016 and 2023), and late flowering occurred from May 20-26 in 2018. Flowering duration ranges from 3 to 10 days. Berry ripening varied, with early ripening in 2023 (June 28 to July 8) and late ripening on August 9 in 2018. The phenophase duration averages 15-17 days. The period from flowering to full berry ripening averages 62-68 days. Leaf fall begins in late September and ends by mid to late October. The average growing season in RB is 188±4.2 days. Climate warming has been shown to affect the ripening periods of R. nígrum varieties. This research highlights the phenological adaptations of R. nígrum varieties bred by the Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture under changing climate conditions in the Bashkir Pre-Ural region.
Representatives of the family Teloschistaceae as a component of the vegetation cover of rocky outcrops in the Chusovaya River valley (Middle Urals)
Authors:   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Lavrskaya Ekaterina A. ,   Perm State University, Selivanov Aleksey E. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Pechenkina Ksenia O. ,   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University
Published: November 2024

The paper presents data on the patterns of lichens of the family Teloschistaceae on coastal rocks in the middle reaches of the Chusovaya River from the village of Kyn to the town of Chusovoy (Perm Krai, Sverdlovsk Oblast). To describe the lichen cover on rocky outcrops, 30×30 cm survey plots were laid out. Each site was photographed with a scale ruler, and habitat characteristics such as surface slope, exposure, overhangs, and rock were recorded. The family Teloschistaceae in the study area on rocky outcrops is represented by three genera: Caloplaca, Rusavskia, and Xanthoria. Of these genera, Rusavskia has the highest occurrence and projective coverage. Maximum indicators of occurrence of representatives of the family are noted on limestone rocks. On rocks from other rocks (sandstones) they occur less frequently. Teloschistaceae show higher values of projective coverage and occurrence on southern and eastern exposures. Representatives of Teloschistaceae are among the dominant species that play an important role in the lichen cover of coastal rock outcrops. The main factors determining their distribution on the studied substrates are exposure, rock type, and relief character.
Diversity of cultivated bacteria decomposers of monochlorinated biphenyls in the soils of a protected landscape
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, RAS, Korolev Nikolay A. , Kir'yanova Tatyana D. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, RAS, Egorova Darya O. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, RAS
Published: November 2024

This study examined aerobic bacterial strains from the working collection of the laboratory of microbiology of technogenic ecosystems at "IEGM UB RAS," previously isolated from the soils of the specially protected natural area "Osinskaya Lesnaya Dacha". Sixteen strains demonstrated the highest destructive potential concerning biphenyl and its chlorinated derivatives. Based on the analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene, the phylogenetic affiliation of these strains was established. It was shown that the proportion of representatives of the genus Achromobacter accounted for 56.25%, Rhodococcus 18.75%, Pseudomonas 12.5%, and Delftia and Stenotrophomonas both 6.25%. The strains of the genera Achromobacter and Rhodococcus achieved destruction of 2-chloro-, 3-chloro-, and 4-chlorinated biphenyls with efficiencies of 13–100% and 43–100%, respectively. The efficiency of destruction of monochlorobiphenyls for representatives of the genus Pseudomonas was above 80%, except for a 69% decomposition of 4-chlorobiphenyl by the strain Pseudomonas sp. Osa 27. The strain Stenotrophomonas sp. Osa 13 most actively (71%) degraded 4-chlorobiphenyl but exhibited the lowest activity (34%) regarding 3-chlorobiphenyl. The strain Delftia sp. Osa 20 achieved complete destruction of 3-chloro- and 4-chlorobiphenyls but did not transform 2-chlorobiphenyl. Thus, aerobic bacterial cultures isolated from the soils of the protected landscape possess the ability to oxidize complex aromatic compounds that are hazardous to the environment.
Econometric analysis of unemployment and its impact on the economic growth of the Ural Federal District
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Tregub Ilona V. , Krasulin Lev A. ,   Norsi-trans ZAO
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Labour market is one of the key areas ensuring the growth of the national economy. However, unique geographical and social economic features of various federal districts of the Russian Federation generate regions’ unequal contribution to the labour market development. This demands analysis of labour market processes and identification of key factors for labour market growth. The purpose of this article is to analyze unemployment in the Ural Federal District of the Russian Federation and reveal the key factors that have a significant impact on employment dynamics. Materials and Methods. The paper refers to the official information database of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation. The authors developed a set of econometric models determined by correlation and regression analysis methods. Results. The study shows that the regional unemployment rate is defined by various key indicators such as wages, effective demand, and inflation. Two hypotheses were worded to support the dominant factors for the GRP growth in the Ural Federal District. To justify these hypotheses, the authors referred to a set of six relevant econometric models which give distinctive results and define the degree the analyzed indicators impact GRP and economic growth of some regions in the Ural Federal District. Conclusions. Higher wages, curbing inflation and stimulated consumer demand by higher actual incomes of population are the most efficient measures to reduce unemployment, and stimulate economic growth of the Ural Federal District. These findings should be taken into account in developing social economic projects and programmes for the Ural Federal District.
"Whoever You Are, We Too Lie in Drifts at Your Feet": Walt Whitman's Mystic Self in Jorie Graham's Water Poetry
Authors: Penn Vicky
Published: November 2024

This essay traces Whitman’s transcendental legacy as a mystic interlocutor between the divine and the eternal Universal Being and its reception in contemporary ecopoetic water poetry. Through a close study of “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” and “As I Ebb’d with the Ocean of Life,” I chart Whitman’s move away from viewing nature as a resource for human domination and exploitation towards a sense of our interconnectedness within nature as part of this Universal Being. Comparing Whitman’s transcendentalist American poetry with Graham’s contemporary ecopoetry, I examine how the different historical contexts of frontier expansion (Whitman) and erasure caused by the late-stage climate disaster (Graham) exert their different influences on the mystic, transcendental speakers of these poems. Consulting Graham’s “The Wake Off the Ferry” and “Ebbtide” in answer to Whitman’s poems, I explore how the climate crisis negates the possibility of eternity or any assurance of our value or place within the divine or eternal, and instead offers only the certainty of the moment, before that too begins to crumble. 
Rapid neutralization of acetone vapors with a nanodispersed aerosol of titanium dioxide
Authors:   Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Kudryashova Olga B. ,   Tomsk State UniversityTomsk State University, Gaenko Olga I. ,   Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Titov Sergey S. ,   Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Sokolov Sergey D. ,   Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies of the Siberian Branch of RAS; Tomsk State University
Published: November 2024

For emergency air purification from dangerous gas emissions, an adsorbent aerosol specially sprayed into the air can be used. The possibility of photocatalytic oxidation under environmental conditions further increases the effectiveness of this method of neutralizing hazardous chemicals. A well-known substance with photocatalytic and adsorption properties is titanium dioxide. Moreover, the higher the particle dispersion and their specific surface area, the higher the expected effect. The work experimentally investigated the possibilities of quickly purifying air from vapors of a model substance simulating dangerous chemical air pollution (acetone vapors) using an aerosol of titanium oxide nanopowder TiO2, as well as TiO2 with the addition of Ag particles of various morphologies under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. The initial concentration of acetone vapor in the test chamber was created at a level of ≈280 ppm. The powder was sprayed into the experimental chamber using a pulse generator under a pressure of 8 atm.The source of ultraviolet light is an LED lamp with a wavelength of 390 nm. The concentration of acetone vapor was measured using an Infralum FT-801 Fourier spectrometer; the dispersion and concentration of particles were measured using a LID-2M device, based on the phenomenon of smallangle scattering of laser radiation. The advantage of pulsed powder spraying is the high rate of aerosol generation (fractions of a second) and increased powder dispersion due to the breaking up of particle agglomerates as a result of impact. In this case, the surface of particles available for adsorption and chemical reactions increases. It has been shown that the use of sprayed titanium oxide powders to neutralize acetone vapors has a noticeable effect (up to 44 % reduction in concentration), even without the use of ultraviolet radiation. In this case, aerosol particles act as adsorbents. A particularly significant photocatalytic effect (under ultraviolet illumination) was produced by TiO2 + Ag aerosol (spherical particles). The results of the work will serve to develop and improve the method of aerosol neutralization of hazardous gas emissions.
Linguistic Landscapes of Social Media Discourse: Exploring Language Practices and Identities on Jordanian Online Platforms
Authors: Amer Mamoun I Bani
Published: November 2024

The present research is designed to investigate the language practices and identities of Jordanian users on the selected social media platforms of Facebook and Twitter. A total of 400 posts and tweets were selected from both social media platforms. Based on the Systemic Functional Linguistics theory, the study found that the users demonstrated various language practices on social media like code-switching, emojis, localized expressions, and identity affiliations like racism, patriotism, and feminism. Consequently, the study established that Jordanian Arabic is the most frequently-used language style, while the use of English and MSA as secondary language styles was considerably less popular. Additionally, code-switching was the most prevalent language practice. The study recommended educational policies to advocate bilingualism, while for social media, the strategies need to reflect linguistic characteristics to increase reach and engagement.
Uncovering Linguistic Strategies in Kuwaiti Doctor’s Patient-Directed Communication
Authors: Alduaij Nushour , Almuoseb Anwar , Alotaibi Bashayer
Published: November 2024

The current study explores linguistic strategies used by Kuwaiti Doctors in their interactions with patients. By examining the language used in standard doctor-patient interactions, it provides preliminary insights into the communication practices of Kuwaiti healthcare professionals. Due to practical and ethical considerations, twenty-six family doctors participated in a Discourse Completion Task featuring six different scenarios to identify preferred linguistic strategies. The findings reveal a tendency towards indirect requests and questions indicating obligation or possibility when advising patients. Doctors frequently offered help using inclusive first-person plural 'we' inflections, especially with apprehensive patients. In supportive contexts, multiple communicative functions were often utilized simultaneously. These insights are valuable for linguists and healthcare providers, contributing to cross-cultural and inter-language communication research. The findings also inform subsequent investigations into patient preferences, enriching the understanding of effective communication in healthcare settings in Kuwait.
Exploring the Metaphorical Use of TEMPERATURE Domain in Character Descriptions in Susan Cooper’s The Dark Is Rising Sequence: A Cognitive Linguistic Approach
Authors: Pham Ngoc Thai Bao
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the metaphorical use of the TEMPERATURE domain in character descriptions within Susan Cooper's The Dark is Rising series, adopting the framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory. Despite extensive scholarly attention to the series from literary and cultural studies perspectives, there is a notable gap in cognitive linguistic analysis. Concerning the TEMPERATURE domain, though it is essential to human experience and metaphorically rich in daily thought and language, there has been limited research on the role of this domain in literary discourse. To fill these research gaps, this study adopted the mixed-methods approach, combining (1) content analysis to examine the relationship between the TEMPERATURE domain, specifically WARMTH and COLDNESS domains, and character types and (2) thematic analysis to explore how these domains describe good and evil characters throughout the series. The findings reveal that both WARMTH and COLDNESS domains are used to describe good and evil characters, with no distinctive domain exclusive to each character type. This challenges the conventional association of warmth with goodness and coldness with evil. Such complexity can be attributed to the deceitful nature of evil characters and the emotional detachment of virtuous characters for the greater good, as demonstrated in the novel series. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the creative use of temperature-related metaphors in literature, offering insights into their role in character construction and thematic development.
Multimodal Representations of the American Dream Theme: A Comparative Analysis of The Great Gatsby in Film and Novel
Authors: Suleiman Sanabil A. , Hussein Kamal H.
Published: November 2024

This research analyzes the film adaptation of The Great Gatsby and its written text. It aims to examine the film adaptation through the perspective of multimodal analysis to determine how it expands or contracts the viewersꞌ comprehension of the complex themes and characters from the source material. Another goal is to determine the effect of the use of multimodal elements in the film on viewersꞌ engagement compared to the capacity of text to achieve the same function. According to this research hypothesis, the film adaptation of The Great Gatsby relies heavily on multimodal modes of communication to convey themes, character development, and emotions, influencing its viewers more than the textual descriptions do. Bateman and Schmidt's (2011) model, which includes paradigmatic and syntagmatic analysis, underpins the evaluation of the film. A thematic sample was selected for the multimodality analysis to compare the novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald to the film version directed by Baz Luhrmann in 2013, featuring Leonardo DiCaprio and Carey Mulligan. This research finds that the film adaptation presents a distinct interpretation of the American Dream compared to that of the novel.  Fitzgerald's work conveys ideas through introspective narration and lush, descriptive language, allowing for a more nuanced and personal understanding of the American Dream.
Systematic Literature Review of Ecological Discourse Analysis From 2014 to 2023
Authors: Chu Aixuan , Ang Lay Hoon , Halim Hazlina Abdul
Published: November 2024

One of the crucial foci of contemporary linguistics is upon the complex human-nature relationship within the Anthropocene. An essential methodology of eco-linguistics is Ecological Discourse Analysis (EDA), a field which combines linguistics and ecology. The philosophical underpinning of EDA is rooted in an ecological thematic framework, emphasising the significance of biodiversity and sustainability in the natural world. Despite gaining attention over the past decade, EDA still lacks a comprehensive explanation to adequately and accurately explain the fundamental assertion of its philosophical framework: it gives undue prominence to language biodiversity and sustainability. This systematic literature review, conducted using the PRISMA 2020 paradigm, covers studies from 2014 to 2023. It examines 38 works on EDA across several genres. Further clues illustrate the application of EDA to various genres, often informed by theoretical frameworks associated with systemic functional linguistics, cognitive linguistics, and corpus linguistics. EDA research concentrates on ecological discourse and advocating for protection, exposing the lack of nomenclature, analytical framework, application domain, theoretical framework, and objectives. Furthermore, EDA faces challenges in effectively addressing ecological issues within discourse construction because it does not have a sound theoretical paradigm or enough systematicity. Furthermore, the texts analysed using EDA predominantly focus on ecological discourse, with only a few studies incorporating non-ecological literary texts. This underscores the necessity of expanding the scope of ecological linguistic research.
Can Translation Alter Political Persona? The Case of the Rhetorical Repertoire of Obama and Trump Translated From English to Indonesian
Authors: Nurlatifasari Rida , Santosa Riyadi , Wiratno Tri , Dewi Ida Kusuma
Published: November 2024

As rhetoric in political speeches represents a particular persona that political figures strive to cultivate, that rhetoric should project the same image as the original when translated. Therefore, this study aims to explore the shifts in rhetorical strategy categories as seen in the translation of the political speeches of former U.S. Presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump from English to Indonesian, how they affect message correctness, and how they may change the orator's political character. In multiple case studies covering the acceptance and inauguration speeches of both Obama and Trump, some rhetoric maintains their original identities. Moreover, there are five different shifts found in the rhetoric of their speeches: 1.) a shift from rhetoric to non-rhetoric; 2.) a shift from rhetoric to lost or deleted rhetoric; 3.) a shift from a particular type of rhetoric strategy to another; 4.) lessening rhetorical power or degree of the same strategy; and 5.) a shift of propositional message. Furthermore, the study reveals that retaining rhetorical categories in the translation results in higher accuracy, whereas any shift has the opposite effect, as it changes the original rhetorical message. As a result, this raises the possibility that a particularly rhetorical-style political identity may change if a large number of alterations occur.
Multisensory Integration in Lexical Processing: Predicting Word Recognition Through Cross-Modal Capability
Authors: Xu Mengdie
Published: November 2024

The integration of multisensory in lexical processing has garnered significant interest in cognitive linguistics and psycholinguistics. This study investigates the predictive power of cross-modal capability (CMC) on word recognition, focusing on how sensory integration influences cognitive processing and lexical decision-making. By collecting five-sense ratings for synesthetic adjectives, we computed the cross-modal capability for each word. We then conducted regression analyses to examine the relationship between these indices and reaction time in lexical decision tasks. Our findings reveal that words with higher cross-modal capabilities, as measured by CMC, are recognized and processed more quickly. This superior predictive power of CMC underscores the importance of sensory associations in lexical processing and highlights the need for comprehensive indices that account for multiple sensory inputs. These results provide deeper insights into the cognitive mechanisms underlying word recognition and processing speed, suggesting that CMC is a better independent variable for partially predict lexical cognition and recognition. This research contributes to our understanding of multisensory integration in lexical processing and has implications for models of word recognition and cognitive linguistics.
A Comparative Analysis of American and Vietnamese Presidents' Speeches: A Systemic Functional Grammar Perspective
Authors: Mai Nguyen Thi Tuyet , Luyen Nguyen Thi Kim , Hien Pham
Published: November 2024

This study presents a comparative analysis of the inaugural speeches of U.S. President Joe Biden and Vietnamese President To Lam, utilizing Michael Halliday's Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) framework. By examining the Ideational (Transitivity), Interpersonal (Modality), and Textual (Texture and Cohesion) metafunctions, the study reveals how each leader's linguistic choices mirror the distinct political and cultural contexts of their respective nations. Joe Biden’s speech underscores the urgency of immediate action and crisis management, employing Material Processes to stress the importance of unity and national recovery. Conversely, To Lam's speech is rooted in long-term nation-building and the leadership of the Communist Party, with a focus on Relational Processes to reinforce collective responsibility and national unity. The Modality analysis demonstrates Joe Biden’s use of High Modality to convey decisiveness and transparency, aligning with American expectations for solid and clear commitments. In contrast, To Lam emphasizes collective duty and the Party's enduring leadership, reflecting Vietnam's socio-political ethos. Additionally, both speeches use Theme-Rheme structures and lexical repetition to ensure textual cohesion, though their cultural and ideological differences lead to distinct rhetorical approaches. By deepening our understanding of how political leaders use language to shape identities, communicate visions, and influence public perception, this study contributes to the broader field of political communication, offering insights into the strategic use of language across different cultural contexts.
Reflecting With Teachers on Research-Based Tools: The ySKILLS Education Toolkit
Authors: Batista Susana , Ponte Cristina , Baptista Rita
Published: November 2024

This article focuses on the links between academic research and educational practices, examining how practitioners use, contextualize, and co-construct research findings on digital skills. To explore these issues, firstly we present an education toolkit developed within a European research project and aligned with normative and substantive guidelines for science communication. Aiming to grasp the potentialities and limitations of the toolkit in action, we then explore the perceptions of teachers from two educational settings in Portugal who employed it in their classrooms. Subsequent focus groups evidenced overall positive feedback from teachers, complemented by practical tips to improve the usefulness of the toolkit and adherence to it by teachers and students, thus adding layers of knowledge to the performative dimension of an evidence-based resource and building bridges between the academic and professional worlds.
Power Relations and Maritime Justice: An Exploration of UNCLOS Negotiations
Authors: Schandorf Stephanie Oserwa
Published: November 2024

This article offers a novel perspective on the interplay between power relations among states and maritime justice by exploring various manifestations of power during negotiations for the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Here, UNCLOS is perceived as an agent of maritime justice insofar as the Convention’s delimitation of maritime zones lays the foundation for establishing the rights and obligations of states in addressing maritime crime and insecurity. It employs Barnett and Duvall’s (2005) taxonomy of power to analyse how key contentions during UNCLOS negotiations were reflective of various forms of power. The discussion reveals that compulsory, institutional, structural, and productive power significantly influenced UNCLOS provisions, often favouring developed states but occasionally benefiting developing nations through collective action. This analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of how power relations among states in the global order can shape the formation of international legal instruments and consequently influence their role as agents of justice.
Inferior medial genicular artery pseudoaneurysm after primary total knee arthroplasty: a case report
Authors: Abdelaal Ahmed M. , Khalifa Ahmed A.
Published: November 2024

Background. Small genicular vessel injuries during primary total knee arthroplasty can pass unnoticed during the surgery and present late postoperatively.
Case description. We present a 65-year-old female patient, who was admitted three weeks after primary total knee arthroplasty with fresh bleeding from the lower end of the surgical wound. CT angiography showed a pseudoaneurysm of the inferior medial genicular artery which was treated at the same session by coil embolization.
Conclusions. A pseudoaneurysm of the inferior medial genicular artery can complicate primary total knee arthroplasty. An interventional radiologist assistance is necessary for diagnosis and management.
Cyclotides. Prospects for using violet oxytocin-like substances to create a new generation of pharmacological agents
Authors: Proshin Sergei N. , Grishin Vladimir V. , Dedyan Alina Ashotovna
Published: November 2024

This review article focuses on the use of violets and their derivatives as medicinal agents. Special attention is given to the historical aspects of using the healing properties of violets, as well as the analysis of substances derived from these plants for pharmaceutical production. The article specifically discusses oxytocin-like substances found in violets, particularly cyclotides. Cyclotides are globular microproteins with a unique head-to-tail cyclized backbone stabilized by three disulfide bonds forming a cystine knot. The chemical characteristics of cyclotides make them suitable for use as recombinant scaffolds in the design and development of ligands for G protein-coupled receptors, which are part of the modern generation of drugs. The development of ligands for bradykinin and κ-opioid receptors, which are in demand in modern pharmacology, is described in detail.
Oral Health Data Gaps and Needs in North Carolina
Authors: Roberson Patrick , Simhan Ruma , Ikhile Osaremhen
Published: November 2024

Effective oral health-related policymaking and program implementation rely on comprehensive, accurate, and timely data. This commentary will address the lack of data available and the need for a robust data dashboard, in addition to the importance of community water fluoridation.
Trends in North Carolina’s Oral Health Workforce
Authors: Lombardi Brooke , Moore Catherine , Simons Haley , Sullivan Connor , Galloway Evan , Fraher Erin
Published: November 2024

Work remains in North Carolina to effectively increase access to oral health care and address the maldistribution of the dental workforce. This study provides updated data on the oral health workforce (from 2000 to 2022) in response to the recommendations outlined in the North Carolina Institute of Medicine Oral Health Transformation Task Force report.
Eliminating Dispersion Power Fading in Radio over Fiber Communication through Unbalanced Sideband Modulation
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia, Ujang Febrizal
Published: November 2024

In Radio Over Fiber (RoF) systems, a commonly used approach to reduce the Dispersion Power Fading (DPF) effects is to convert the spectrum of modulated optical signals into Optical Single Sideband (OSSB). This process can be done by modulating the optical carrier using two RF signals that differ in phase by 90. The optical modulator used is the Dual-Drive Mach Zehnder Modulator (DD-MZM). However, implementing this modulation scheme requires a complex transmitter setup. In this study, a novel technique is proposed to address DPF, called as Unbalanced Sideband Modulation (USM). USM is generated by varying the optical signal carrier according to the RF signal using a Single-Drive Mach Zehnder Modulator (SD-MZM). The output of the SD-MZM is subsequently combined with an optical signal of a frequency equivalent to the sum of the optical carrier frequency and the Radio Frequency (RF) signal frequency. The result outcomes indicate that at a modulation index (m) of 1, the DPF level in an RoF link employing conventional SDMZM as an Electro-Optic (E/O) converter is approximately 8.2. In contrast, when using the OSSB produced by the DDMZM, the DPF level of a RoF link is around 0.9. Remarkably, the DPF level significantly drops to 0.2 when the USM scheme is adopted. This result shows the high efficacy of the USM scheme in eliminating DPF compared to both the conventional SD-MZM modulation scheme and the OSSB scheme generated by DD-MZM. Both model calculations and numerical simulations conclusively demonstrate that the USM method effectively mitigates DPF, offering a promising solution in optical communication systems.
Vehicle Parameter and Electric Powertrain Efficiency Analysis Using Real-Driving Data
Authors:   Institute of Automotive Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, Rosenberger Nico
Published: November 2024

With the conversion from Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEV) to Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) mainly promoted by CO2 emission targets, innovative powertrain concepts arose in the automotive industry. Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) practice the socalled benchmarking to identify technological potentials in their competitor’s concepts and reduce their development costs by focusing on the best-performing technologies in the electric vehicle market. In contrast, these analyses mean significant expenses in terms of time and cost. Especially on vehicle level, preparing the vehicles for dynamometer tests and performing multiple test series on these test benches require high personnel and time capacities. In this work, we present a methodology that reduces the effort of benchmarking analyses on vehicle level by substituting dynamometer tests. This methodology describes the identification of vehicle parameters and the analysis of the electric powertrain’s efficiency. With no manipulation of the vehicle’s structure and low-cost test equipment, data is recorded on public roads during real-driving scenarios, demonstrating our procedure's simplicity and universal application. With the obtained vehicle parameters (i.e. Road Load Coefficients (RLCs), rolling and air resistance) and the electric powertrain’s efficiency map, we enable the parametrization of simulation models for further analyses. We validate our methodology based on tests performed on closed test tracks and a vehicle dynamometer.
Examining the Regulatory Frameworks Governing Prohibition of Torture in Warfare
Authors: Nnawulezi Uche , Mohammed Safiyyah Ummu , Adiyatma Septhian Eka , Ojekunle Ademola O. , Ajayi Oluwatobiloba Ifedolapo
Published: November 2024

The aim of the paper is to examine the regulatory frameworks governing the prohibitions of torture in warfare to determine their adequacy in protecting civilian populations against torture during armed hostilities. To address the threat posed by torture in warfare against the civilian populations, the regulatory frameworks on International Humanitarian Law (IHL), International Human Rights Law (IHRL) and International Criminal Law (ICL) are examined. It may be argued that although this regulatory framework is aimed at guaranteeing safety of the civilian populations in situations of armed hostilities but are not capable of dealing with the current challenges. The paper employs a doctrinal approach by identifying and analyzing the applicable rules of IHL, IHRL, and ICL. It demonstrates how these laws impact the basic rights of civilian populations during armed conflicts. The paper found that despite the performance of the Tribunals as regulatory measures, they are confronted with several challenges prosecution and enforcement of their decisions. The paper concludes with recommendations that are relevant to address the challenges in order to ensure that the various frameworks are effectively implemented by States to safeguard the civilian populations from acts of torture during armed hostilities.
Assessing the predictive limitations of anti-Müllerian hormone in ovarian response: insights from controlled ovarian stimulation
Authors: Bose Simantini , Konar Lisley
Published: November 2024

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is widely used to assess ovarian reserve and predict ovarian response during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of AMH in predicting ovarian response, embryo quality, and clinical outcomes in IVF/ICSI cycles using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol with a standardized gonadotropin dose of 150 IU for high and suboptimal responders. Additionally, the study examines the predictive value of alternative markers, such as age and antral follicle count (AFC), especially for suboptimal responders.
Methods: This retrospective, single-centre study analysed data from 158 women aged 21-35 years with AMH ≥1.5 ng/ml undergoing their first IVF cycle from July 2022 to July 2023. Patients were categorized into poor responders (<4 oocytes), suboptimal responders (4-9 oocytes), and high responders (≥10 oocytes) based on oocyte retrieval. AMH levels, AFC, and age were assessed as predictors of ovarian response, embryo quality, and implantation rates. Statistical analyses included linear and logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate predictive accuracy.
Results: Among 158 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, AMH showed a significant correlation with the number of oocytes retrieved (p=0.0036). High responders had better embryo quality and clinical pregnancy rates compared to suboptimal responders. AMH had a higher predictive value for high response (AUC=0.682) compared to suboptimal response (AUC=0.378), where age was a better predictor (AUC=0.522).
Conclusions: AMH is a reliable predictor of high ovarian response in GnRH antagonist protocols but is less effective for suboptimal responders. Comprehensive evaluations incorporating AMH, age, and AFC are crucial for individualized COS strategies to optimize outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies.
Becoming a Teacher: Experimental Evidence from an Information Intervention
Authors: Busso Matías , Alfonso Mariana , Ñopo Hugo R. , Rivera Bianchi Antonella Maria , Yentzen Triana
Published: November 2024

Education systems seeking to improve outcomes must attract, develop, and retain highly effective teachers. A critical challenge is making the teaching profession appealing to talented youth. This paper presents evidence from an experiment in Peru, where we provided high school seniors with information about recent reforms to the teaching career. Wefi nd positive effects on both the extensive and intensive margins: treated students were more likely to enroll in higher education and to choose an education major. These results suggest that career incentives and information can shape not only the current teaching workforce but also future cohorts.
Emigracja w zwierciadle. Wpływ ruchu wychodźczego na życie parafialne w świetle wybranych kronik parafialnych „starego kraju”
Authors: Zych Sławomir
Published: November 2024

Śladem codziennych wydarzeń lokalnych są zapisy w rozmaitych dokumentach. Przykładem tego są kroniki parafialne, które mają za zadanie dokumentować różne zmiany parafialne (organizacyjne, duszpasterskie, personalne, gospodarcze, lokalowe) oraz ocalić je przed zapomnieniem. Jednym z tematów, jakie przewijają się w tych źródłach, jest ruch wychodźczy i jego wpływ na życie parafialne. Tak było zwłaszcza w przypadku ziem galicyjskich, gdzie emigracja zarobkowa, zwłaszcza zamorska, zaznaczyła się już w 1873 r. i trwała aż do wybuchu II wojny światowej. Większość odnotowanych informacji dotyczących emigracji związana była z rozlicznymi donacjami ze strony przebywających na obczyźnie wiernych i finansowaniem przez nich inwestycji parafialnych. Pomoc materialną ze strony środowisk wychodźczych odnotowywano też w okresie powojennym. W kronikach znaleźć również można świadectwa więzi istniejących między parafiami „starego kraju” a kapłanami ordynowanymi już na wychodźstwie. Epizodycznie natrafić można na przykłady działań duszpasterskich duchowieństwa obejmujących emigrantów. Odnotowano również oddziaływanie emigrantów stałych i sezonowych na mieszkańców ich rodzinnych miejscowości.
Bio-inspired Design and Performance Evaluation of Lawnmower Cutter Blade
Authors: Deshmukh S. H. , Gogte C. L.
Published: November 2024

This study presents a bio-inspired design approach for the engineering applications of agricultural implements, with practical implications for the field. The CAD modeling of bio-inspired serrated lawnmower cutter blades was followed by structural and fatigue analysis with a comparative evaluation of the performance of conventional plain cutter blades. This method involved the bionic transformation of a biological model of the serrated leg of the grasshopper, traced using MATLAB edge detection and image processing software. The solid modeling CAD software for the Bionic Blade lawnmower cutter blade converts this biological model into an engineering model. After designing the geometric shape of the bionic tooth profile's serrated cutting edge, the boundary conditions are evaluated for numerical simulation based on the machine specifications of the conventional lawnmower cutter. After analyzing the power of the motor, the rotational speed, and the torque, the static structural and fatigue analysis was carried out in numerical simulation software to synthesize the performance of the bionic lawnmower cutter blade for engineering analysis of deformation, shear stress, and fatigue life. The bionic design of the blade and conventional plain blades were manufactured using an Amada CO2 laser cutting machine and sheet metal bending processes for Stainless Steel (SS 304) material. The experimental validation of software simulation was carried out by field trials using the Bionic design of a lawnmower cutter blade to evaluate the performance improvement in cutting time and yield of grass cut in kg for 60 to 100 meters distance cutting. After comparing the performance of the plain blade and the design of the bionic blade, there was a reduction in abrasive wear, a 12.87% improvement in the cutting time, and a 14.8% increase in the yield of grass compared to the conventional blade. This performance improvement was attributed to the unique bionic design of serrated cutting-edge and ground clearance. The bio-inspired design approach has immense practical applications in designing agricultural implements, as confirmed by this performance evaluation of this case study of bio-inspired lawnmower cutter blades.
Legal Framework and Regulatory Compliance in Metal Mining - An Analysis of Environmental and Operational Standards
Authors: Kulshrestha Sony , Acharya Nishtha , Mathur Katha , Pandey Tilottma
Published: November 2024

As the global mining industry evolves, enhancing environmental and operational standards is crucial for sustainable development. This article explores future directions for improving these standards, focusing on technological advancements, environmental management practices, climate change resilience, and social engagement. It highlights how integrating innovations like artificial intelligence and IoT can refine environmental monitoring and operational efficiency. The adoption of circular economy principles and climate action plans is essential for minimizing environmental impacts and adapting to climate challenges. Strengthening community engagement through transparent and inclusive decision-making processes is critical for aligning mining practices with local needs and rights. The article also addresses recommendations for bridging gaps in existing regulations. Key suggestions include strengthening enforcement mechanisms, updating and harmonizing regulations to keep pace with technological and industry developments, and enhancing transparency through standardized reporting frameworks. Promoting stakeholder engagement and addressing emerging risks, such as climate change impacts, are vital for developing relevant and effective regulations. Encouraging innovation and best practices will drive continuous improvement and ensure that mining operations are conducted responsibly and sustainably. By focusing on these areas, the mining industry can advance towards practices that support sustainable development and address both environmental and social challenges. This comprehensive approach ensures that future mining operations are not only economically viable but also environmentally sound and socially responsible.
Investor, Developer, Miner, Local People, Settler, Public, and Government: Everybody profits from Minerals, Oil, and Gas; only the Indigenous people suffer and feel the loss. The Profiteering Community Must Change - Part 1
Authors: Bhattacharya Jayanta
Published: November 2024

There is one community in the so-called civilized population, anywhere in the world, who are treated disproportionately in terms of their property, rights, language, culture and habitat. One aspect of the indigenous communities is often not brought out in the discussions. That is, they are the most sustainable communities on earth. More than 20 million people in the world are displaced annually due to various crises and the majority of them are indigenous communities. Their rights are not respected, their voices are not heard and their cultures are often discounted. These treatments are widespread. In discussions about the treatment they face, human rights and justice are closely related, as human rights are the foundation of a just society, and justice is a fundamental building block of sustainable peace. Human rights are the same for everyone, regardless of background, location, or beliefs. They include the right to life, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the right to a fair trial. This article brings out at the end a summary of the struggle the Sami tribes are facing in Sweden and Noway. In the next part of this article, we will see that such treatments ,even worse, are prevalent all over the world..
Extracts of Selected Plants and Fruits Profoundly Modulate In Vitro Coagulation Activity
Authors: Oladokun Adenike O. , Ibe Eziuche V. , Ismail Faridah , Ajayi Gbenga T. , Akanni Olufemi E. , Abiola Oduola O.
Published: November 2024

Background: Plant products treat many diseases and are an important resource for pharmaceutical companies developing new medicines. Hemostasis maintains blood in the fluid state and prevents its loss from damaged blood vessels. Plants have been reported to be sources of anticoagulant and antithrombotic substances and are employed in the management of coagulation disorders. Aim: This study investigates the effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of bitter leaves, mango leaves, drumstick leaves, pineapples and tomatoes on in vitro coagulation activity. Methods: Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of leaves of Mangifera indica, Moringa oleifera, Vernonia amygdalina, and fruits of Ananas comosus and Solanum lycopersicum were prepared using the cold maceration method and lyophilized. The freeze-dried extracts were prepared into four concentrations. Platelet-poor plasma was obtained from ten healthy volunteers. Prothrombin Time (PT) and activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) were determined by visual detection of clot formation. The mean and standard deviation were determined and compared with the controls. Results: PT values for females were higher for aqueous and ethanolic extracts except for A. comosus. Female aPTT values were reduced compared to males except for V. amygdalina. There were no changes in PT and aPTT across the concentration gradient. PT control values significantly differ, however, there were no significant differences in aPTT control values between genders. This study revealed that PT and aPTT values differ significantly between genders. Conclusion: Mangifera indica and M. oleifera have procoagulant activity, A. comosus has anticoagulant activity, while V. amygdalina does not affect coagulation time.
A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Gymenma sylvestre in Combating Diabetes-2
Authors: Bhatt S. M. , Sharma Navneet
Published: November 2024

The current review focuses on a detailed comprehensive role of Gymnema sylvestre (GS) and other herbs for their Ayurvedic impact in controlling blood sugar by releasing insulin from the pancreas in diabetic Type 2. G. sylvestre (GS) supplementation has also been seen to leave an impact on various cardiovascular risk factors and improves the lipid profile, blood pressure, anthropometric indices, and control of glycemia. Additionally, extracts of Gymnema have been shown to have an inhibitory impact on triglyceride accumulation in muscles and the liver, while reducing the buildup of fatty acids in the bloodstream, thus also reducing HB1C parameters. In the current review, we have also discussed information about Gymnemic acid structure isolation their sources, their clinical effects in diabetic control in Type 1 and Type 2, and clinical effects over the humans and mice signalling as immunomodulators.