bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOME WORDS ABOUT TESTDAF// ACADEMY JOURNAL ISSN 2733-0923, no. 1(19) (April 20, 2022)/ Chief Editor V. Klevtsov /Open European Academy of Public Sciences : Tallinn, Estonia, 2022 - P. 18-22.
Authors: Muratbekova Sarakul Abishovna
Published: July 2022

German language exams are steppingstones to bigger and better things. Exams give students something to aim for and help them develop the skills they need in their lives, education, and the workplace. An abbreviation for “Test Deutsch als Fremdsprache” or “Test of German as a Foreign Language”, TestDaf Exam is an internationally recognized, German language proficiency test which assesses the knowledge of German language of candidates who wish to study in Germany without IELTS or are seeking employment opportunities in the European nation. This test is conducted only for the students who have opted for courses having German as the medium of instruction and want to demonstrate their language skills in the form of certification. Upon obtaining a set percentile are the students considered fit for studying, working, and conducting research studies in the German language.
EVALUATION OF 2.5 KILOWATTS GENERATING PLANT USING COOKING GAS (LPG) AS FUEL
Authors: Erinle Tunji John , A. Oladimeji Emmanuel , A. Emmanuel Abraham
Published: July 2022

Liquefied Petroleum Gas as a flammable hydrocarbon gases which is produced during natural gas processing and petroleum refining. The important of using Liquefied Petroleum Gas is more than employing as cooking fuel in the developing countries. The underutilization of this clean and environmental friendly gas had led to this study to evaluate its usefulness in powering household electric generator. This research work was aimed at investigating and evaluating to prove for the existence of the consumption rate of the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) compare with that of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) fuel to power the electric generator. The gasoline carburettor was replaced with hybrid dual carburettor which allowed the direct flow of PMS and LPG respectively. The gas pressure regulator was fitted to the gas cylinder tank for the regulation of LPG pressure and flow rate. The results showed that the LPG average consumption time was 2.32 hr/kg and 1.25 hr/litre while PMS average consumption time was 1.48 hr/litre and 2.00 hr/kg. LPG had a lower noise, very low sooth than the PMS and also had a lower consumption rate than PMS.
Differential expression of WDR34 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: July 2022

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with early-onset breast cancer. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding WD repeat domain 34, WDR34, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast: in women aged 45 and younger, and women aged 70 and higher. WDR34 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of WDR34 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with HER2+ subtype breast cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by PAM50 molecular subtype. WDR34 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Rise & Fall Tommy Hilfiger
Authors: Laroibafih Ahmad
Published: July 2022

tommy hilfiger adalah suatu perusahaan di bidang fashion yang menjual beberapa pakaian, sepatu, sandal, dan lain-lain. Ia memiliki target pasarnya sendiri yang berasal dari brand/merk dari produk yang diciptakannya sesuai dengan kualitas yang dimiliki
Hanoi - Vietnam
Authors: Cranier Louis
Published: July 2022

Hanoi is the capital city of Vietnam. It covers an area of 3,358.6 km2 (1,296.8 sq mi).[3] The second largest city in Vietnam, it consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi is the cultural and political centre of Vietnam.
DICTIONARIES AND MONOLINGUAL DICTIONARIES// ACADEMY JOURNAL ISSN 2733-0923, no. 1(19) (April 20, 2022)/ Chief Editor V. Klevtsov /Open European Academy of Public Sciences : Tallinn, Estonia, 2022 - P. 29-33.
Authors: Erzhanova Zhanna Borisovna
Published: July 2022

So, the question is: is it worth using a monolingual dictionary to help you learn a foreign language, or is it too much trouble? We’d better use our monolingual dictionary as a supplement to a bilingual one. Certainly somewhere in our language learning career, we shall probably be able to exclusively use the monolingual dictionaries. Sometimes monolingual dictionaries convey the meaning of the words more precisely but to understand this we need to have some level of English and our range of interests must be rather wide (knowledge of the world). All these facts are indispensable for using such dictionaries properly. A dictionary is a very important tool for anyone who is learning a new language. With a good dictionary you can do the following: look up the meaning of an English word you see or hear; find the English translation of a word in your language; check the spelling of a word; check the plural of a noun or past tense of a verb; find out other grammatical information about a word; find the synonym or antonym of a word; look up the collocations of a word; check the part of speech of a word; find out how to say a word; find out about the register of a word; find examples of the use of a word in natural language. Perhaps a balance could be struck, though: try to use your monolingual dictionary first, and if you find that you don’t understand a definition, only then look it up in your bilingual dictionary. Or perhaps even try to figure out the definition in your monolingual dictionary for say, 5, looking up words you don’t understand. If, after that time is up, you’ve not figured it out, whip out your bilingual dictionary. At any rate, it is recommended getting a monolingual dictionary in your target language at some point or another – just don’t toss out your bilingual one when the monolingual one arrives.
Traffic-Net: 3D Traffic Monitoring Using a Single Camera
Authors: Rezaei Mahdi , Azarmi Mohsen , Mir Farzam Mohammad Pour
Published: July 2022

Computer Vision has played a major role in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and traffic surveillance. Along with the rapidly growing automated vehicles and crowded cities, the automated and advanced traffic management systems (ATMS) using video surveillance infrastructures, have been evolved by the implementation of Deep Neural Networks. In this research, we provide a practical platform for real-time traffic monitoring, including 3D vehicle/pedestrian detection, speed detection, trajectory estimation, congestion detection, as well as monitoring the interaction of vehicles and pedestrians, all using a single CCTV traffic camera. We adapt a custom YOLOv5 deep neural network model for vehicle/pedestrian detection and an enhanced SORT tracking algorithm. For the first time, a hybrid satellite-ground based inverse perspective mapping (SG-IPM) method for camera auto-calibration is also developed which leads to an accurate 3D object detection and visualisation. We also develop a hierarchical traffic modelling solution based on short- and long-term temporal video data streams to understand the traffic flow, bottlenecks, and risky spots for vulnerable road users. Several experiments on real-world scenarios and comparisons with state-of-the-art are conducted using various traffic monitoring datasets, including MIO-TCD, UA-DETRAC and GRAM-RTM collected from highways, intersections, and urban areas under different lighting and weather conditions.
Taoism
Authors: Cranier Louis
Published: July 2022

The Tao Te Ching, a book containing teachings attributed to Laozi (老子), together with the later writings of Zhuangzi, are both widely considered the keystone works of Taoism.
Melting Pot
Authors: Cranier Louis
Published: July 2022

The melting pot is a monocultural metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" with a common culture; an alternative being a homogeneous society becoming more heterogeneous through the influx of foreign elements with different cultural backgrounds, possessing the potential to create disharmony within the previous culture.
Evaluative Conditioning: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Moran Tal , Bar-Anan Yoav , Nudler Yahel
Published: July 2022

Evaluative Conditioning (EC) research investigates changes in the evaluation of a stimulus after co-occurrence with an affective stimulus. To explain the motivation behind this research, this essay begins with an overview of the history of EC research, followed by a summary of the state of the art with respect to three key questions. How should EC procedures be used to influence evaluation? We provide a guide based on evidence concerning the functional properties of EC effects. How does the EC effect occur? We discuss the possible mediating cognitive processes and their automaticity. Are EC effects ubiquitous outside the lab? We discuss the evidence for the external validity of EC research. We conclude that the most important open questions pertain to the relevance of EC to everyday life, and to the level of control that characterizes the processes that mediate the EC effect after people notice the stimulus co-occurrence.
École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne EPFL 83-66675-59-9
Authors: Cranier Louis
Published: July 2022

The book examines the psycho-religious mechanism behind the violent extremism of suicide attacks in the post-9/11 world. It employs the mindsponge concept, an original dataset, and original research results obtained from the authors' statistical investigations using the Hamiltonian Markov chain Monte Carlo technique. It provides insights and implications for policymakers and strategists in their efforts to engage in peace talks and reduce violent conflicts worldwide.
Hasil Riset : Analisis Kasus Selebriti A Terhadap Konservasi Satwa Liar
Authors: Wicaksono Muhammad Arvin , Putri Nur Aini , Dwiyudanta Andre Febrian , Andika Pradya Muharam , Analin Deva Syafiyo , Nafisa Sayidha , Mora Nasyrah Ramadhani Na , Aliifah Syarah , Kahfi Muhammad Abiyyu , Febiana Silvya , Cinta Permata
Published: July 2022

Pengusaha Indonesia, dan pembuat konten berinisial "A" Ia dikenal sebagai YouTuber hewan. Pertama, ia menggunakan harimau Bengal jantan bernama E dalam video YouTube tentang satwa liarnya. Video tersebut menampilkan Burung Beo, Binturong, Burung Makau, dan R, seekor rusa kecil. Selebriti A membawa harimau E seekor Benggala betina bernama J dari Kebun Binatang Bandung. Selebriti A menunjukkan cara dia merawat dan menempatkan hewannya di video YouTube. Dia sering menghibur dengan menempatkan tamu Lalu Bagaimana kajian mengenai konservasi satwa liar yang dilindungi dipelihara oleh Selebriti A? dampak limbah dari satwa yang dipelihara di rumah Selebriti A (ex-situ)? dan pengaturan mengenai konservasi dan perizinan pemeliharaan satwa liar yang dilindungi?
Turnout Turnaround: Ethnic Minority Victories Mobilize White Voters
Authors: Zonszein Stephanie , Grossman Guy
Published: July 2022

In Western democracies, like the USA, UK, and Germany, the number of ethnic minority representatives has been steadily increasing. How is this trend shaping electoral behavior? Past work has focused on the effects of minority representation on ethnic minorities’ political engagement, with less attention to the electoral behavior of majority-group members. We argue that increased minorities’ representation can be experienced as a threat to a historically white-dominant political context. This, in turn, politically activates white constituents. Using data from four UK Parliamentary general elections and a regression discontinuity design, we find that the next election’s turnout in constituencies narrowly won by an ethnic minority candidate is 4.3 percentage points larger than in constituencies narrowly won by a white candidate. Consistent with our argument, this turnout difference is driven by majority-white constituencies. Our findings have implications for intergroup relations and party politics and help explain recent political dynamics.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA MADRASAH DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH DI KECAMATAN KALIWUNGU KABUPATEN KUDUS
Authors: Irvansyah Ramadhan
Published: July 2022

Guru memegang peranan penting dalam keberhasilan kinerja sekolah/madrasah. Kinerja guru mencerminkan profesionalisme seorang guru dalam melaksanakan tugasnya untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan. Kinerja guru yang maksimal dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dan motivasi guru merupakan variabel penting diantara faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja guru. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) apakah ada pengaruh gayakepemimpinan kepala madrasah terhadap kinerja guru? (2) apakah ada pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru?,(3) apakah ada pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dan motivasi kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru Madrasah Tsanawiyah di Kecamatan Kaliwungu Kudus?. Populasi penelitian ini guru Madrasah Tsanawiyah di Kecamatan Kaliwungu Kabupaten Kudus sebanyak 241 guru, dan sampel sebanyak 150 guru dengan teknik proporsional random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan uji hipotesis melaluiuji regresi linier sederhana dan analisis regresi ganda diolah menggunakan SPSS for Windows Version 16. Hasil penelitian melalui regresi linier sederhana diketahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 69,3%; pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 72,7%. Hasil regresi ganda menunjukkan pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dan motivasi secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru Madrasah Tsanawiyah di Kecamatan Kaliwungu Kabupaten Kudus sebesar 77,9% dengan persamaan regresi Ŷ= 1,323 + 0,309 X1 + 0,602 X2.
Analisis Model Bisnis Toys R Us
Authors: Herman Nicholas
Published: July 2022

Bisnis mainan anak Toys "R" Us pada tahun 90-an ada di mana-mana mengalami kenaikan (rise). Namun sejak tahun 2018, industri mainan anak ini mengalami penurunan (fall). Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan penurunan (fall) dan kenaikan (rise) pada bisnis Toys "R" Us. Peneliti mengumpulkan data sekunder dengan metode studi literatur. Peneliti melaksanakan analisis dengan pendekatan business model yakni business model canvas, business pattern, business environment & value proposition canvas. Bisnis mainan anak pernah tren pertumbuhan dan sukses karena memiliki value proposition menjual brand mainan yang mudah diingat. Namun, bisnis mainan anak mengalami penurunan karena macro-economic trends munculnya tablet atau mainan elektronik yang mengakibatkan penjualan toko Toys R Us menurun. Studi merekomendasikan channels menjual melalui platfrom Amazon.
The University of Warwick Lib 9788366675599
Authors: Cranier Louis
Published: July 2022

The book examines the psycho-religious mechanism behind the violent extremism of suicide attacks in the post-9/11 world. It employs the mindsponge concept, an original dataset, and original research results obtained from the authors' statistical investigations using the Hamiltonian Markov chain Monte Carlo technique. It provides insights and implications for policymakers and strategists in their efforts to engage in peace talks and reduce violent conflicts worldwide.
Seismic interferometry in the presence of an isolated noise source
Authors: Schippkus Sven , Snieder Roel , Hadziioannou Celine
Published: July 2022

Seismic interferometry gives rise to a correlation wavefield that is closely related to the Green's function under the condition of uniformly distributed noise sources. In the presence of an additional isolated noise source, a second contribution to this wavefield is introduced that emerges from the isolated source location at negative lapse time. These two contributions interfere, which may bias surface wave dispersion measurements significantly. To avoid bias, the causal and acausal parts of correlation functions need to be treated separately. We illustrate this by applying seismic interferometry to field data from a large-N array where a wind farm is present within the array.
Predictors and consequences of collective guilt: An analysis from the perspectives of perpetrator and victim group members
Authors: Goto Nobuhiko
Published: July 2022

Collective guilt is a feeling that members of a perpetrator group experience for their group’s harmful actions. Collective guilt feelings are known to induce conciliatory behaviors such as reparations and apologies. While members of a perpetrator group experience collective guilt feelings, members of a victim group also often expect perpetrator group members to experience collective guilt. This is called collective guilt assignment. Collective guilt assignment could inhibit victim group members from moving past their negative feelings and inhibit intergroup forgiveness. Thus, it is important for positive intergroup relations to consider what may increase collective guilt feelings and what may decrease collective guilt assignment. The present research argues that a perception of psychological connections between perpetrators and members of a perpetrator group influences both feelings and assignment of collective guilt. Perpetrator group members may perceive psychological connections between themselves and perpetrators, which may result in collective guilt feelings. Victim group members similarly perceive psychological connections between perpetrators and other members of a perpetrator group, which may result in collective guilt assignment to other members of a perpetrator group.Collective guilt can be not only experienced but expressed by perpetrator group members. Thus, the present research also examines effects of expression of guilt and expression of preventing future harmful actions on collective guilt assignment. Chapter 1 provides theoretical backgrounds and develops five propositions. Effects of psychological connections on collective guilt feelings are formulated as Propositions I and II. Proposition III discusses effects of perceiving psychological connections on collective guilt assignment. Effects of guilt expression on collective guilt assignment are formulated as Proposition IV. Proposition V is related to effects of expression of preventing future harmful actions on collective guilt assignment. Chapter 2 (Studies 1 and 2) provides empirical support for Propositions I and II. Chapter 3 beings with Study 3 which examines whether victim group members perceive perpetrator group members as capable of experiencing guilt and other complex emotions (i.e., secondary emotions) for their harmful actions. This provides a basis to examine any potential effects of guilt expression. Studies 4 through 6 provide empirical evidence for Propositions III and IV. Chapter 4 (Study 7) empirically examines Propositions IV and V. Finally, Chapter 5 is devoted to general discussion of the present research. Each proposition is evaluated, and future directions are discussed. This chapter is concluded by discussion on implications of predicting both feelings and assignment of collective guilt by the perception of psychological connections.
Awareness of implicit attitudes: Large-scale investigations of mechanism and scope
Authors: Morris Adam , Kurdi Benedek
Published: July 2022

People can predict their scores on the Implicit Association Test with remarkable accuracy, challenging the traditional notion that implicit attitudes are inaccessible to introspection and suggesting that people might be aware of these attitudes. Yet, major open questions about the mechanism and scope of these predictions remain, making their implications unclear. Notably, people may be inferring their attitudes from externally observable cues (e.g., in the simplest case, their demographic information) rather than accessing them directly. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that, in past work, predictions have been obtained only for a small set of targets, attitudes toward which are demonstrably possible to infer. Here, in an adversarial collaboration with 8 preregistered studies (N = 8,011), we interrogate implicit attitude awareness using more stringent tests. We demonstrate that people can predict their implicit attitudes (a) across a broad range of targets (many of which are plausibly difficult to infer without introspection), (b) far more accurately than third-party observers can based on demographic information, and (c) with similar accuracy across two different widely used implicit measures. On the other hand, predictive accuracy (a) varied widely across individuals and attitude targets and (b) was partially explained by inference over non-introspective cues such as demographic variables and explicit attitudes; moreover, (c) explicit attitudes explained considerably larger portions of variance in predictions than implicit attitudes did. Taken together, these findings suggest that successful predictions of one’s implicit attitudes may emerge from multiple mechanisms, including inference over non-introspective cues and genuine introspective access.
PurposeFull People SEL and Character Education Program: A Cluster Randomized Trial in Schools Implementing Tier 1 PBIS with Fidelity
Authors: Zhang Yanchen , Cook Clayton , Smith Brian
Published: July 2022

Social-emotional learning (SEL), character education, and positive behavior intervention and supports (PBIS) are common approaches to Tier 1 universal social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) supports in schools. There has been emerging evidence supporting the superior effect of integrated prevention that combines approaches to Tier 1 universal SEB programming compared to the traditional fragmented piecemeal approach. We conducted a cluster-randomized trial to examine the additive effect of PurposeFull People (PfP) - an SEL and character education program - in the context of schools implementing Tier 1 PBIS with fidelity. This study took place in five elementary schools implementing Tier 1 PBIS with fidelity. Twenty teachers/classrooms were randomly assigned to treatment (PfP combined with Tier 1 PBIS; ntreatment=10) or control condition (Tier 1 PBIS only). An average of eight students were randomly recruited from each teachers' classrooms (nstudent=161; ntreatment student = 81). Four student SEB outcomes (behavior expectations, behavior discipline, character, and academic engaged time) were assessed at baseline and 4-month posttest. Multilevel ANCOVAs and generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the effectiveness of PfP and the effect variation across subgroups (i.e., student demographics and baseline status). Compared to PBIS alone, PfP combined with PBIS led to significantly larger improvements in students' behavior expectations, behavior discipline, character, and academic engaged time. Cross-level interaction results indicated that the effectiveness of PurposeFull People on students' SEB outcomes varied based on their baseline status, where students struggling most at baseline demonstrated the largest improvement. Limitations and implications for future research and practice are discussed.
No link between Speech-in-noise perception and Auditory short-term memory – evidence from a large cohort of older and younger listeners
Authors: Bianco Roberta , Chait Maria
Published: July 2022

A growing literature is demonstrating a link between working memory (WM) capacity and speech-in-noise (SiN) perception. However, which components of WM underlie this correlation is a matter of debate. Here, we investigate the association between SiN reception and auditory memory with a focus on the low-level processes that support the extraction and short-term maintenance of temporally unfolding auditory information (auditory short-term memory; aSTM). A large sample of old (N = 199) and young (N = 149) participants was recruited online and performed a coordinate response measure-based speech-in-babble task that taps listeners’ ability to track a sensory target in background noise with minimal recruitment of semantic or linguistic cues. We used two different tasks to investigate potentially distinct aSTM processes: One associated with automatic (implicit) storage of information and one involving deliberate memorization and recall. Both memory tasks used rapid tone patterns overlapping in processing time scales with speech (20 Hz tone presentation rate, 2 Hz pattern rate). The TP-DETECT (tone pattern detection) task required participants to detect the emergence of a repeated tone pattern. TP-COMP (tone pattern comparison) required participants to judge the similarity of two patterns presented 2 sec apart. We hypothesized that a link between SiN and aSTM may be particularly apparent in older listeners where age-related reduction in short-term memory fidelity might result in worse SiN performance. We found that both SiN perception and (to a lesser extent) auditory memory deteriorate with age but the two do not share variability. SiN performance was only predicted by a binaural processing test and age. The results suggest that previously observed links between auditory working memory and SiN might relate to the executive components and cognitive demands of the used tasks. This finding helps to constrain the search for the perceptual and cognitive factors that explain individual variability in SiN performance.
Suspecting Foul Play When It Is Objectively There: The Association of Political Orientation with General and Partisan Conspiracy Beliefs as a Function of Corruption Levels
Authors: Alper Sinan , Imhoff Roland
Published: July 2022

Recent research has showed that people with right-wing political orientations and political extremists are more likely to harbor conspiracy beliefs. Utilizing a multisite dataset (23 countries, N > 20,000), we show that corruption moderates how political orientation predicts conspiracy beliefs. We found that (1) the difference between left- and right-wingers in terms of adopting a conspiracy mindset is attenuated in countries with high corruption; and (2) left-wingers are more likely to believe left-wing conspiracy theories, and right-wingers are more likely to believe right-wing conspiracy theories in high corruption countries. Including quadratic effects of political orientation yielded the same results. We argue that this is because corruption increases perceived plausibility of conspiracies and everyone across the political spectrum becomes similarly likely to adopt a conspiracy mentality. This heightened suspicion, however, is reflected on partisan conspiracy theories differently for left- and right-wingers, depending on their different understandings of outgroup.
Talking Heads: Bone conduction facilitates self-other voice discrimination
Authors: Orepic Pavo , Kannape Oliver Alan , Faivre Nathan , Blanke Olaf
Published: July 2022

One’s own voice is one of the most important and most frequently heard voices and the sound we associate most with ourselves, and yet, it is perceived as strange when played back in a recording. One of the main reasons is the lack of bone conduction that is inevitably present when hearing own voice while speaking. The resulting discrepancy between experimental and natural self-voice stimuli has significantly impeded self-voice research, rendering it one of the least investigated aspects of self-consciousness. Accordingly, factors that contribute to self-voice perception remain largely unknown. In a series of three studies, we rectified this ecological discrepancy by augmenting experimental self-voice stimuli with bone-conducted vibrotactile stimulation that is present during natural self-voice perception. Combining voice-morphing with psychophysics, we demonstrate that specifically self-other but not familiar-other voice discrimination improved for stimuli presented using bone as compared to air conduction. Furthermore, our data outline independent contributions of familiarity and acoustic processing to separating the own from another’s voice: although vocal differences increased general voice discrimination, self-voices were more confused with familiar than unfamiliar voices, regardless of their acoustic similarity. Collectively, our findings show that concomitant vibrotactile stimulation improves auditory self-identification, thereby portraying self-voice as a fundamentally multimodal construct.
The link between vegetarian diet and depression might be explained by depression among meat-reducers
Authors: Hopwood Christopher James
Published: July 2022

Recent studies have reported an association between vegetarian diet and depression, although results have been inconsistent. This effect has most often been attributed to nutritional deficits among vegetarians. An alternative possibility is that individuals who are trying to reduce their meat intake experience cognitive dissonance related to enjoying meat on the one hand and being aware of the ethical problems with eating animals on the other. The tendency to include such individuals in vegetarian samples in previous research could explain recently reported effects. The goal of this study was to compare depression in meat-eaters, meat-reducers, and vegetarian/vegans in terms of depression to test this hypothesis. I compared depression scores across three measures in two large North American community samples between meat-eaters, meat-reducers, and vegetarian/vegans. Meat-reducers had higher depression scores than either meat-eaters or vegetarian/vegans. This finding suggests a novel explanation for previous findings and orients this field towards somewhat new questions and research directions.
Applied Ethics and Digital Information Privacy: Informing the Design of Covid-19 Contact Tracing Apps
Authors: Eismann Kathrin , Fischer-Preßler Diana , Fischbach Kai
Published: July 2022

To counteract the spread of Covid-19, many countries have introduced mobile applications for contact tracing, which raises considerable questions about how these apps protect users’ information privacy. Through an exploratory analysis of Covid-19 contact tracing apps being used in Australia, France, Germany, Japan, and New Zealand, we identify normative and technical principles for the design of privacy-sensitive contact tracing apps. Based on a Restricted Access/Limited Control (RALC) account of information privacy, we discuss how the apps protect users’ information privacy through limiting access to and allowing users to actively manage their personal information. Our findings illustrate what understanding of information privacy is evident from the various designs of Covid-19 contact tracing apps, and how competing design principles can contribute to users’ information privacy. From a practical perspective, our findings can inform the design of contact tracing apps and the development of privacy approaches that can be applied in particular contexts. Our work thus bridges the gap between ethical design guidelines and technical analyses of specific implementations.
‘Cambridge Moralica’ - Towards an Ethical Framework for Social Media Analytics
Authors: Jung Anna-Katharina , Clausen Sünje , Franzke Aline Shatki , Marx Julian
Published: July 2022

En route to the unravelling of today’s multiplicity of societal challenges, making sense of social data has become a crucial endeavour in Information Systems (IS) research. In this context, Social Media Analytics (SMA) has evolved to a promising field of data-driven approaches, guiding researchers in the process of collecting, analysing, and visualising social media data. However, the handling of such sensitive data requires careful ethical considerations to protect data subjects, online communities, and researchers. Hitherto, the field lacks consensus on how to safeguard ethical conduct throughout the research process. To address this shortcoming, this study proposes an extended version of a SMA framework by incorporating ethical reflection phases as an addition to methodical steps. Following a design science approach, existing ethics guidelines and expert interviews with SMA researchers and ethicists serve as the basis for redesigning the framework. It was eventually assessed through multiple rounds of evaluation in the form of focus group discussions and questionnaires with ethics board members and SMA experts. The extended framework, encompassing a total of five iterative ethical reflection phases, provides simplified ethical guidance for SMA researchers and facilitates the ethical self-examination of research projects involving social media data.
The Relationship between Social Capital and Social Media Addiction: The Role of Privacy Self-Efficacy
Authors: Soh Franck , Smith Kane , Dhillon Gurpreet
Published: July 2022

The rise of social media raises important ethical issues regarding social media user behaviors. This study seeks to investigate the determinants of social media addiction by focusing on social capital and privacy self-efficacy. We argue that social capital has a mixed association with social media addiction by highlighting the difference between social capital bonding and social capital bridging. Notably, social media users differ in their usage purposes; as some build more bridges, others focus on bonding. Moreover, we posit that the relationship between social capital and social media addiction is moderated by social media user privacy self-efficacy. We collected the data using a survey approach and the data was analyzed using covariance-based structural equation modeling. The findings support our hypotheses. First, we found that social media users with high bridging experience lesser social media addiction. Those with high bonding have more social media addiction. Second, social media users' privacy self-efficacy moderates the relationship between social capital and social media addiction. This occurs by reinforcing the negative association between social capital bridging and social media addiction and the positive association between social capital bonding and social media addiction. Our findings provide important theoretical contributions and implications for practice.
Book Review: Digitalization Cases Vol. 2 – Mastering Digital Transformation for Global Business
Authors: Strahringer Susanne
Published: July 2022

This is a book review of 'Digitalization Cases Vol. 2 – Mastering Digital Transformation for Global Business' edited by Nils Urbach, Maximilian Röglinger, Karlheinz Kautz, Rose Alinda Alias, Carol Saunders, Martin Wiener. The volume presents 20 case studies in the context of digitalization from four continents organized into three topical themes – Digital Disruption, Digital Business and Digital Transformation (DT).
EXPERIENCE OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN IMPLEMENTING ECOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN THE HOTEL BUSINESS
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Baldzhy Maryna , Yaslynska Kseniia ,   Odessa National Maritime University
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the experience to develop the ecological hotel business in European countries on the possibilities of its use in Ukraine. The formation of ecological hotels concept is aimed at a quality system of comfortable living in harmony with the environment and allows to outline the features of the ecological hotel. These features include: a system for saving resources; use of alternative energy sources; minimization of chemical reagents used; application of bactericidal methods that decompose dirt and waste; reducing or preventing the use of allergens; high-quality utilization of waste and garbage; use of completely closed systems for water and air regeneration; catering with certified products and purified water. The interior design of ecological hotels, which is based on the use of "natural" colors and recycled materials, is no exception for eco-hotels. A unique approach is to adhere to the philosophy of abandonment of electronic devices. The availability of eco-labels in ecological hotels increases its attractiveness to potential customers, and the use of ecological certification includes the coverage area and objects of certification. The international program of voluntary environmental certification of hotel business enterprises "Green Key" and the activities of the association BIO HOTELS, whose experience is appropriate to use in the hotel and restaurant business of Ukraine, are analyzed. The advantages of the latter are determined: construction biology and use of natural building materials; regionality and seasonality of organic products; availability of certified organic and natural cosmetics and hygiene products only; complete waste recycling; exclusion of plastic use; environmental electricity; availability of electronic charging stations for electric vehicles. To support environmentally sound operation, the independent experts carry out the inspection and draw up a climate balance sheet, in which the company's own CO2 emissions are recorded. The association aims to define its climate-positive activities, combined with common goals and ideas. Promoting the idea of environmentally friendly organic origin and living in accordance with this goal distinguishes BIO HOTELS among other associations that exist in Europe. The environmental field covers all spheres of life and business in Europe, and trends in this development are rapidly supported by Ukrainian hospitality enterprises. The creation of hotel enterprises' associations and the possibility of creating such associations in Ukraine are considered. Keywords: ecological hotel business, ecological hotels, eco-labeling, ecological certification, climate balance, association of hotel enterprises.
A Materials System and Method of Its Application for the Wear Protection of Aluminium Engine Cylinder Bore Surfaces
Authors: Lugscheider E. , Dicks R. , Kowalsky K. , Cook D. , Nassenstein K. , Verpoort C.
Published: July 2022

The application of wear resistant coatings onto the wall of aluminium engine cylinder bores by thermal spray have seen much development over the last 10 years, with regards to both equipment design and also to the material system used. While the technology has been successful in allowing the implementation of aluminium engine blocks into mass production, there is still room for improvement. One area that can be improved is the preparation of the substrate material in order to allow a good adhesion of the thermal spray coating. Grit blasting, a traditional preparation technique, is undesirable for a mass production environment due to the risk of the assembly areas becoming contaminated with grit. Therefore, an alternative method has been sought that can offer a suitable bond strength without introducing potential risks in the manufacture line. In this study, NiAl bond coats were sprayed onto aluminium substrates using the Plasma Transferred Wire Arc (PTWA) coating system developed by Ford Motor Company. A variety of surface preparation techniques, including traditional and some more novel methods, were used and analysed with respect to bond strength, ease of application and cost.
Deposition of Carbides by Activated Combustion HVAF Spraying
Authors: Verstak A. , Baranovski V.
Published: July 2022

In Activated Combustion HVAF process, coatings are formed of powder particles, heated and accelerated by high-velocity jet of air and gaseous fuel combustion products. A distinguished feature of the process is that spray particles are heated below their melting point while accelerated to velocity well above 700 m/s. Such spray scheme appeared beneficial for deposition of cemented carbides, in particular, WC-based composites. Dense, practically non-oxidized neither heat-deteriorated coatings were formed. Spray rates from 1 to 25 kg/hr were achieved without decline of coating quality or deposition efficiency. Specific coating structure resulted in noticeably improved resistance to fatigue at high level of stresses.
Brief Introduction to High Speed Analog Failure Analysis
Authors: Frank Steve
Published: July 2022

This article provides a high level overview of high speed analog circuits and associated failure analysis techniques. It discusses the failure modes and mechanisms of voltage reference circuits, high speed op amps, and digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, the fundamental building blocks used to create high speed analog devices. It also explains how to deal with difficulties involving circuit node access, circuit loading, and performance.
THE STRUCTURE OF AQUIFERS BY MAGNETIC FIELD AND GRAVITY ANOMALIES
Authors:   Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrova A.A. , Latysheva O.V. ,   Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2022

The results of the study of the main characteristics and structural features of the aquifer systems of cold and thermal waters on the example of well-known sources in the Middle East are presented. The study of groundwater aquifers was carried out on the basis of the technology of geophysical data complex interpretation, taking into account the features of the aquifers geological structure. Aquifers and underground reservoirs are visualized as zones of reduced magnetization and density of rocks on deep petrophysical sections calculated from magnetic field and gravity anomalies. Horizontal subterranean water conduits can be clearly traced on the areal distributions of magnetization and density along the stretches of the lineaments with reduced values. Vertical subterranean water conduits stand out vividly on magnetic and density sections in the form of ascending tracks. As a result of the study of deep sections through the zones of known thermal springs, an estimate of the dependence of the source temperature on the depth of the feeding underground reservoirs was obtained. The article examines the potential of underground resources aquifers of the arid territories of Israel, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, for which the relevance of the water problem, apparently, will not decrease in the coming decades. The forecast of the location of groundwater karst reservoirs can be carried out by magnetic and density sections, taking into account two-dimensional models of the distribution of magnetization and density of rocks. The methodology of the study of aquifer systems is applicable to the analysis of underground resources of Africa and the Middle East arid regions.
GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMAL SPRINGS IN THE SAMMIT PART OF EBEKO VOLCANO (PARAMUSHIR ISLAND, KURILE ISLANDS)
Authors:   Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kalacheva E.G.
Published: July 2022

The chemical and isotopic composition of hot springs at the apical part of the active Ebeko volcano (Paramushir Island, Kuril Islands) is characterized based on the data obtained from fieldwork in 2020–2021. Thermal waters discharging from one of the sources of the Kuzminka River are ultra-acid (рН<2) Al-Ca- SO -Cl type with mineralization up to 5 g/l and temperature up to 70°С. The anionic composition of waters is formed due to the dissolution in groundwater of acidic volcanic gases, partially «purified» in the main reservoir of the volcano's hydrothermal system. The cationic composition of waters, including rare-earth elements, is formed by isochemical dissolution of host rocks in the equivalent of 5 g per 1 liter of water. Differences in the isotopic composition and ratios of macrocomponents (SO /Cl, Al+Fe/Ca+Mg/Na+K) of waters of the near the summit prings and the northwestern slope suggest the presence of different-level aquifers in the hydrothermal system confined to the edifice of the Ebeko volcano.
GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF ROCKS OF THE WESTERN SIKHOTE-ALIN (KOMSOMOLSKY SECTION) AS INDICATORS OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE PARENTAL SOURCE ROCKS
Authors:   Federal State Budget Academic Institution Yu.A. Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Medvedeva S.A.
Published: July 2022

The composition of the Late Mesozoic terrigenous rocks of the Komsomolsk reference section has been studied. According to the mineralogical-petrographic composition, the sandy rocks of the section belong to acidic greywacke and, partially, arkoses. The composition of the detrital material is dominated by sialic minerals originating from granitoids and granite-gneiss. According to the rock-forming oxide content (in %), sandstones (SiO — 69–77, Al O — 11.99–15.9, Fe O — 2.19–4.2) correspond to the acidic igneous 2 2 3 2 3 rocks in the composition. In its turn, siltstones (SiO — 639–68%, Al O — 14.79–17.0%, Fe O — 4.09–6.7%) 2 2 3 2 3 are located between medium and acid igneous rocks. According to the chemical classification sandstones belong to wackes and arkoses, and siltstones to shales and wackes. The total REE content in the studied sandstones ranges from 103 g/t to 162 g/t, in siltstones from 117 to 184 g/t. The relatively high ratios of light to heavy lanthanides in the studied rocks (La /Yb =7.0–12.0), as well as a fairly pronounced negative N N Eu anomaly, confirm the conclusion that the accumulation the Komsomolsk section was predominantly influenced by the eroded provenance composed of acidic igneous rocks.
FERRIMAGNETIC MINERALS AS POSSIBLE INDICATORS OF THE SEDIMENTATION ENVIRONMENTS OF THE EASTERN PARATETHYS TARKHANIAN DEPOSITS (KOP-TAKYL SECTION)
Authors:   Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pilipenko O.V. , Rostovtseva Yu.V. ,   Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Salnaya N.V. ,   Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2022

The paper presents the results of studies of ferromagnetic minerals and their distribution in the Tarkhanian and transition Tarkhanian-Chokrakian deposits of the Kop-Takyl section (Kerch Peninsula, Eastern Paratethys). Magnetic minerals were identified by petromagnetism and scanning electron microscopy. The main ferrimagnetic mineral in the rocks of the upper part of the Argunian strata of Tarkhanian deposits and the Tarkhanian-Chokrakian deposits, which correspond to the regressive stage of the paleobasin under consideration, is magnetite (maghemite). In addition to magnetite (maghemite), the sediments of most of the Tarkhanian deposits, which were formed mainly during marine transgression, contain magnetic iron sulfides: monoclinic pyrrhotite (greigite). These minerals of the detrital and early diagenetic origin may be indicators of sedimentation conditions. The obtained data on the distribution of ferromagnetic minerals in the studied Tarkhanian and Tarkhanian-Chokrakian deposits are generally consistent with the sequence of changes in the sedimentation modes that existed in the past.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY: EU COUNTRIES EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Sumy National Agricultural University, Ukraine, Stoyanets Nataliya
Published: July 2022

The monograph contains the results of research conducted by scientists of Sumy National Agrarian University, Kyiv National Economic University, Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokuchaev, Henan Institute of Science and Technology by the international grant of the Czech University «Sustainable development policy: EU countries experience». The monograph is devoted to the theoretical and practical foundations of sustainable development management in rural areas at different levels, which are formed for the problems of integration and globalization, taking into account the European experience. Features of ensuring sustainable development of rural areas in terms of administrative-territorial reform; highlights the basics of territorial infrastructure management; innovative and investment approach to the development of regions in the socio-economic space; addresses issues of corporate social responsibility and land management as a responsible attitude. For researchers, teachers, graduate students and students, business leaders and governing bodies of different levels, entrepreneurs and anyone interested in sustainable rural development.