bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF REASONABLENESS IN THE REVIEW OF LABOUR ARBITRATON AWARDS (PART 2)
Authors: Carli Botma  , Adriaan van der Walt
Published: September 2021

This article is published in two parts. In the first part (published in the previous edition of Obiter) the general principles relating to administration review were established and the different forms of review considered. It was also established that the making of a CCMA arbitration award constitutes administrative action that is subject to the constitutional right to administrative justice; that justifiability is a constitutional requirement for just administrative action and that a failure to make a decision that is justifiable in terms of the reasons given may render an award reviewable in terms of section 145 of the LRA. This second part of the article will build on the conclusions of the first by focusing on setting out the key findings made by the CC in Sidumo v Rustenburg Platinum Mines Ltd (2007 12 BLLR 1097 (CC)) as regards the test for reviewing arbitration awards in terms of section 145 of the LRA. The purpose is to establish how reasonableness might best be understood and defined as well as to determine its implications for subsequent review proceedings. Case law that has sought to interpret and apply the principles established in Sidumo, will likewise be discussed in order to contextualise the place of reasonableness in the review of arbitration awards with a view better to understand its implications for the courts’ review function. Particular attention will be given to determining the applicability of the reasonableness standard to jurisdictional reviews. The principles laid down by the labour appeal court in Fidelity Cash Management Service v CCMA (2008 3 BLLR 197 (LAC)) will also be discussed with the objective of determining whether the court’s approach that an award is not reviewable because of flawed reasoning determining that the outcome is sustainable according to reasons identified in the record, and whether this finding is consistent with CC’s findings in Sidumo. It will also be considered whether the reasonableness standard as introduced by Sidumo will have any influence on the review of private arbitration awards in terms of section 33 of the Arbitration Act 42 of 19652 and whether parties can agree that an award would be reviewable on the same grounds and subject to the same test as a CCMA award. Finally, proposals will be made in respect of the interpretation and application of the reasonableness principle for the purpose of assisting in review proceedings to come.
THE ROLE AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS IN THE PROMOTION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: A SOUTH AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Monray Marsellus Botha
Published: September 2021

Owing to global changes in the field of corporate governance and corporate law reform in South Africa, corporate governance has become an important aspect of the way in which corporations are doing business. Corporate governance is the collection of law and practices that is grounded in the fiduciary duties of directors. It regulates the conduct of those in control of the corporation. An important aspect of corporate governance is the establishment of structures and processes that enable directors to discharge their legal responsibilities. This article investigates corporate governance principles in South Africa and explores the importance of the role and duties of directors in the promotion of corporate governance principles.
ADMINISTERING OF AN OATH BY AN INTERPRETER IN THE MAGISTRATES’ COURT: AN EVALUATION OF RECENT CASE LAW
Authors: Moffat Maitele Ndou
Published: September 2021

The High Court of South Africa, in different divisions, had the opportunity to consider whether an interpreter, in the Magistrates’ Court, is permitted to administer an oath. The High Court has come up with two different answers to this question. First, the High Court, in Pilane v S ((CA 10/2014) [2015] ZANWHC 10; 2016 (1) SACR 247 (NWM)), decided that in the Magistrates’ Court, only a presiding officer is permitted to administer an oath. This was based on the fact that section 162 of the Criminal Procedure Act (51 of 1977 (CPA)) only permits a presiding officer to administer the oath. Secondly, it has decided, in S v Maloma ((A376/2015) [2015] ZAGPPHC 496) and Mkhari v S ((A433/15) [2016] ZAGPPHC 186), that interpreters, in terms of section 162 and section 165 of the CPA, are permitted to administer an oath.This submission provides a critical evaluation of the recent case law in order to elicit the principles applicable to the administering of the oath in the Magistrates’ Court. The provisions of section 162 and section 165 of the CPA will be discussed first, in order to provide the background. A discussion of the recent case law will follow. The facts and the decision of the cases will be presented and followed by the discussion of these decisions in light of the current jurisprudence on the issue.After the discussion, the contribution will elicit the principles that must be followed when interpreters administer an oath to witnesses. The contribution is limited to the administering of an oath in criminal matters.
THE INCONSISTENCY OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT ON THE APPLICATION OF THE HYUNDAI-INSPIRED INTERPRETATION Democratic Alliance v Speaker of the National Assembly (CCT86/15) [2016] ZACC 8
Authors: Themba Maseko
Published: September 2021

The Hyundai-inspired interpretation obliges the courts to interpret, where possible, legislation in conformity with the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996. This process involves taking into account the objects and purports of an Act and interpreting its provisions in the manner that complies with the constitutional values. Essentially, it ensures that courts give preference to an interpretation of legislation that is within the parameters of the provisions of the Constitution over the one that is not. However, courts do not apply the Hyundai-inspired interpretation if it cannot be ascribed to the provision of the legislation in question or if it is not reasonably possible for them to do so. Such situations include the Hyundai-inspired interpretation that unduly strains the text, or that obliges the court to read-in too many qualifications. In these situations, the courts have to declare the legislative provision in question unconstitutional and resort to the remedy of reading- in or notional severance. The Hyundai-inspired interpretation is evidenced in quite a number of cases. However, this case note critically dissects the manner in which the Constitutional Court applied it in the case of Democratic Alliance v Speaker of the National Assembly ((CCT86/15) [2016] ZACC 8).It concludes that the manner in which the Constitutional Court applied it, in this case, is inconsistent with the manner in which the Constitutional Court applied it in the case of Abahlali Basemjondolo six years earlier. When interpreting the word “disturbance” which section 1 of the Powers Privileges and Immunities of Parliament and Provincial Legislatures Act (4 of 2004) defined as “any act which interferes with or disrupts or which is likely to interfere with or disrupt the proceedings of Parliament or a House or Committee” and which the High Court had found to be too broad that it had the effect of finding a robust and controversial debate unconstitutional, the Constitutional Court unexpectedly read in too many qualifications to the word “disturbance” in conformity with the Constitution. The reason being, the Constitutional Court, six years earlier, found the approach of reading- in too many qualifications in conformity with the Constitution to be straining the text and to be contrary to the rule of law and the principle of separation of powers in the case of Abahlali Basemjondolo.
Schönvisner István és a szombathelyi püspöki könyvtár megalapítása
Authors: Sánta Sára
Published: September 2021

Az 1777-ben megalakult Szombathelyi Püspökség első püspöke, Szily János (1735–1799) első intézkedései közé tartozott, hogy az újonnan alapított egyházmegyében könyvtárat is létrehozzon, melyet az épülő székesegyháznak ajánlott fel. A bibliotéka állományának összeállításában kezdetben Schönvisner István (1738–1818), a pesti Egyetemi Könyvtár őre volt a segítségére. Tanulmányomban a könyvtár megalakulásának folyamatából azt az időszakot szeretném ismertetni, amely kifejezetten Schönvisnerhez kapcsolódik.
Jitka Radimská, Les livres et les lectures d’une princesse au XVIIe siècle. Marie Ernestine d’Eggenberg et sa bibliothèque en Bohême. Paris, Honoré Champion, 2017
Authors: Tóth Ferenc
Published: September 2021

Jitka Radimská az elsősorban kiváló söréről ismert České Budějovice-ben működő Dél-csehországi Egyetem francia irodalom professzora, számos neves könyvtörténeti publikáció szerzője és e témának szentelt nemzetközi konferencia szervezője, egy új, izgalmas munkával lepte meg a kora újkori könyvtárak iránt érdeklődő olvasókat. A mű Maria Ernestina von Eggenberg (1649–1719) hercegnő, született Schwarzenberg hercegkisasszony Česky Krumlov – németül Krumau – mesésen szép barokk kastélyában található könyvgyűjteményét mutatja be alapos bevezetővel és gazdag jegyzetapparátussal ellátva. A fehér-hegyi csata (1620) után Csehországban gyökeret vert Habsburg-hű németajkú főnemességében a Schwarzenberg és Eggenberg famíliák kiemelten fontos szerepet játszottak. Egy nemrég megjelent, a Schwarzenberg család európai történelmi szerepét vizsgáló kötetben (Les Schwarzenberg. Une famille dans l’histoire de l’Europe XVIe – XXIe siècles. éd. Olivier Chaline – Ivo Cerman, Panazol, Lavauzelle, 2012) Jitka Radimská már rámutatott a krumaui hercegnő életművének jelentőségére.
Determine the Size of Sonicated Samples and the DNA Concentration v1
Authors: Makrantoni Vasso , Robertson Daniel , L. Marston Adele
Published: September 2021

A plethora of biological processes like gene transcription, DNA replication, DNA recombination, and chromosome segregation are mediated through protein–DNA interactions. A powerful method for investigating proteins within a native chromatin environment in the cell is chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Combined with the recent technological advancement in next generation sequencing, the ChIP assay can map the exact binding sites of a protein of interest across the entire genome. Here we describe a-step-by step protocol for ChIP followed by library preparation for ChIP-seq from yeast cells.
ChIP-seq Library preparation v1
Authors: Makrantoni Vasso , Robertson Daniel , L. Marston Adele
Published: September 2021

A plethora of biological processes like gene transcription, DNA replication, DNA recombination, and chromosome segregation are mediated through protein–DNA interactions. A powerful method for investigating proteins within a native chromatin environment in the cell is chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Combined with the recent technological advancement in next generation sequencing, the ChIP assay can map the exact binding sites of a protein of interest across the entire genome. Here we describe a-step-by step protocol for ChIP followed by library preparation for ChIP-seq from yeast cells.
A Combined Cell-Free Protein Synthesis and Fluorescence-Based Approach to Investigate GPCR Binding Properties v1
Authors: Zemella Anne , Richter Theresa , Thoring Lena , Kubick Stefan
Published: September 2021

Fluorescent labeling of de novo synthesized proteins is in particular a valuable tool for functional and structural studies of membrane proteins. In this context, we present two methods for the site-specific fluorescent labeling of difficult-to-express membrane proteins in combination with cell-free protein synthesis. The cell-free protein synthesis system is based on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (CHO) since this system contains endogenous membrane structures derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. These so-called microsomes enable a direct integration of membrane proteins into a biological membrane. In this protocol the first part describes the fluorescent labeling by using a precharged tRNA, loaded with a fluorescent amino acid. The second part describes the preparation of a modified aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase and a suppressor tRNA that are applied to the CHO cell-free system to enable the incorporation of a non-canonical amino acid. The reactive group of the non-canonical amino acid is further coupled to a fluorescent dye. Both methods utilize the amber stop codon suppression technology. The successful fluorescent labeling of the model G protein-coupled receptor adenosine A2A (Adora2a) is analyzed by in-gel-fluorescence, a reporter protein assay, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Moreover, a ligand-dependent conformational change of the fluorescently labeled Adora2a was analyzed by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET).
Analysis of De Novo Synthesized Proteins v1
Authors: Zemella Anne , Richter Theresa , Thoring Lena , Kubick Stefan
Published: September 2021

This is part 3.4 of the "A Combined Cell-Free Protein Synthesis and Fluorescence-Based Approach to Investigate GPCR Binding Properties" collection of protocols: https://www.protocols.io/view/a-combined-cell-free-protein-synthesis-and-fluores-bqntmven Collection Abstract: Fluorescent labeling of de novo synthesized proteins is in particular a valuable tool for functional and structural studies of membrane proteins. In this context, we present two methods for the site-specific fluorescent labeling of difficult-to-express membrane proteins in combination with cell-free protein synthesis. The cell-free protein synthesis system is based on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (CHO) since this system contains endogenous membrane structures derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. These so-called microsomes enable a direct integration of membrane proteins into a biological membrane. In this protocol the first part describes the fluorescent labeling by using a precharged tRNA, loaded with a fluorescent amino acid. The second part describes the preparation of a modified aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase and a suppressor tRNA that are applied to the CHO cell-free system to enable the incorporation of a non-canonical amino acid. The reactive group of the non-canonical amino acid is further coupled to a fluorescent dye. Both methods utilize the amber stop codon suppression technology. The successful fluorescent labeling of the model G protein-coupled receptor adenosine A2A (Adora2a) is analyzed by in-gel-fluorescence, a reporter protein assay, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Moreover, a ligand-dependent conformational change of the fluorescently labeled Adora2a was analyzed by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). For Introduction and Notes, please see: https://www.protocols.io/view/a-combined-cell-free-protein-synthesis-and-fluores-bqntmven/guidelines
SYSTEM-LOGICAL APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE MILITARY EDUCATION SYSTEM
Authors: Gorodianska L.
Published: September 2021

The article substantiates the principles and foundations of the system-logical approach to the organization of the educational process using distance learning in a military educational institution. The need for defense reform is due to the fact that against the background of many dynamic changes in modern society, which are characterized by uncertainty and instability along with hybrid warfare, digitalization of society, many problems arise in certain sectors of life and security, and, first of all, in such an important sector. as education in general and military education in particular.

That is why the task is to update the military education system in order to prevent the consequences of possible negative events and develop appropriate countermeasures. One of the measures to preserve the stable functioning of the military education system is the introduction and further development of distance learning. This requires specific approaches to the organization of the educational process. The role, place and principles of the system-logical approach to the organization of the educational process by distance learning in a military educational institution have been substantiated. It is shown that the essence of a systematic approach to the problem of the formation of a distance learning system lies in the understanding of the educational process and the management system of educational and educational activities as components of an integral complex system of military education. At the same time, as subsystems, linked by a common goal and objectives of training and education, taking into account their role and place among other systems. A logical approach to the analysis of complex systems should form the basis of a systemlogical approach to the formation of the educational process in military educational institutions. The tasks of the logical approach are to recreate the essence or the main content of the research subject and present it in the form of mental abstractions. In this case, the logical method is based on the laws and requirements (categories) of formal and dialectical logic. It has been substantiated that a rational, truly scientific system of organizing the educational process for distance learning in a military educational institution should be based on a systematic and logical approach, ensure a high level of professional competencies of military specialists of the corresponding educational level and resist possible external and internal threats.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EXPERIENCE OF ATO AND OYF BY THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE FOR DETERMINING THE REQUIREMENTS TO PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF MILITARY SPECIALISTS
Authors: Skriabin O. , Chernykh Yu. , Chernykh O.
Published: September 2021

The article is based on the analysis of the main factors taking place at this time, substantiates the relevance of determining (clarifying) the requirements for professional training of military specialists trained in higher military educational institutions in the field of knowledge "Military Sciences, National Security, State Border Security". The study is based on the fact that at present the general list of requirements for military specialists is defined in the relevant professional standards, standards of higher education and educational programs for their training in each specialty at certain levels of education. These requirements are formulated in terms of competencies and learning outcomes. The purpose of the study is to try to justify the feasibility of implementing the experience of the anti-terrorist operation (ATO) and the Joint Forces (JFO) operation of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in determining the requirements for professional training of officers. It is established that the level of training and the general list of competencies that a graduate of a military educational institution has does not fully meet the needs of the modern army. This is clearly evidenced by the experience of hostilities in eastern Ukraine. Analysis of hostilities has shown that the list of tasks to be solved by the military is constantly expanding. Today, in addition to combat missions, they are increasingly involved in solving problems of a socio-humanitarian nature, which requires the formation of both professional and social components of the potential of the soldier's personality. Along with the increase in the requirements for the general level of professional training of military specialists, new requirements for their social and humanitarian training appear. The following new requirements for training are considered: raising the level of leadership qualities of an officer; formation of his personal values and clear personal goals; the ability to counteract the information and psychological influences of the enemy within the information confrontation; ability to establish communications between military units and the local population in the area of hostilities, etc. The analysis is carried out and the essence of the specified requirements is revealed. To solve the research tasks, a system of general scientific and special methods of theoretical and empirical research was used, namely theoretical and methodological analysis of the problem, systematization and generalization of information concerning the essence and content of certain tasks, monitoring of the existing system of military training. system approach, expert evaluation, analysis and interpretation of the obtained empirical data.
Free Vibration Analysis of Hybrid And Non-Hybrid GFRP Composite Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: Sravanthi K., V. Mahesh, B. Nageswara Rao
Published: September 2021

Wind energy is one prominent solution to mitigate the increasing energy demand. Composite materials are exhibiting enormous advantages with their tailor-made properties. With the development of renewable energy power generation, the issue of blade vibration reduction has gotten a lot of technical attention. It has become an essential technique for blade analysis and design. Various attempts were recorded to reduce the vibration of the blade and enhance its natural frequencies. The present work aimed to characterize the mechanical properties of the GFRP composite material and the GFRP composite with 4wt% of the MWCNT filler. Both hybrid and non-hybrid GFRP are subjected to characterization, with the same free vibration analysis of NACA 63-415 wind turbine blades being analyzed. The study results revealed that the hybrid GFRP has more stiffness, which causes it to enhance the free vibrations in all mode shapes.
The Push and Pull of Inclusive Practices in Contemporary Public Schooling
Authors: SNOW CARRIE C.
Published: September 2021

In this Voices: Reflective Accounts of Education essay, Carrie C. Snow reflects on her experiences as both a recipient of pull-out services as a young child and as a special educator. She highlights the complex nature of special education services and how their provision is rife with gray areas. Negotiating various tensions in decision-making around whether to provide push-in or pull-out services to students with special educational needs, special educators can embrace this sense of gray to create and sustain flexible practices that forefront quality learning for their students. She discusses ways that pull-out services for students with distinct needs can work to support their learning, as well as ways they do not. For students to cultivate a trust for schooling, feel an interconnectedness, and experience joy in learning, teachers’ decisions around special education service delivery can never be cut and dried.
Weil-Felix reaction in typhus
Authors: Aristovsky V. M.
Published: September 2021

Despite the fact that until now we do not know the true causative agent of typhus infection, in the literature there are a number of observations concerning immunity reactions in the serum of typhus patients, observations that, bringing us closer to solving the question of the causative agent of typhus, do not are only of theoretical interest, but even now they can be practically used at the patient's bedside.
On the clinical significance of posterior inclinations and bends of the uterus (retroversio-flexio uteri)
Authors: Gruzdev V. S.
Published: September 2021

In the expiring academic year, I had to observe, in the Obstetric and Gynecological Clinic of the University that I was eating, the following case, which is of interest not only for gynecologists, but also for therapists, neuropathologists and surgeons
About teaching surgery at a higher medical school
Authors: Bogolyubov V. L.
Published: September 2021

The question of teaching clinical disciplines, including surgery, in a higher medical school is inextricably linked with the question of what type of doctor should be trained by a higher medical school.
Experience of using hypnosis in eye surgery
Authors: Krylov T.
Published: September 2021

Achieving painlessness and numbness is a very essential moment in any surgical intervention, which is why for a long time the minds of many surgeons have been intensely occupied with this issue, and even to this day, research in this area continues at an unabated pace.
Stomach syphilis. Herrinаnn (British journal of radiology, XXXII, p. 325)
Authors: Gasul Р. Ya.
Published: September 2021

Syphilis of the stomach is a very rare occurrence. Its diagnosis is difficult ... With some certainty we can talk about stomach syphilis with a positive result of antisyphilitic therapy; with more confidence this can be asserted when spirochetes are found in the excised section of the stomach; sometimes, however, X-ray examination also gives a characteristic picture. Herrinann (British journal of radiology, XXXII, p. 325) describes a picture of an elevated, reduced size of the stomach, which very quickly filled and emptied.
Trichinosis and Nervous System Symptoms
Authors: Khazanov M. A.
Published: September 2021

The works of Zenker'a, Virchow'a, Stubli, Munk, Thager, Brown and others have adequately described the symptomatology, etiology, pathology and hemogram of trichinosis in humans. Comparatively, little attention was paid only to the phenomena of damage to the nervous system. Most of the authors are inclined to attribute a number of symptoms, such as the absence of tendon reflexes, electrical excitability disorder, Kernig's symptom, etc., due to exceptional muscle damage. Even severe cases of trichinosis with cerebral phenomena are interpreted by many authors (Trounner, Flurу, Nonne and Noerfner, etc.) as phenomena of a secondary order caused by the influence of toxic products. Meanwhile, the latest research by Gamrer and Gruber proved the presence of juvenile Trichinella in the meninges. In the cranial cavity under the dura mater they found copious amounts of fluid in which numerous juvenile Trichinella were found; they were also found in the pia mater and brain tissue. These data show that the nervous system is directly exposed to the invasion of Trichinella and a number of clinical phenomena are due exclusively to the damage to the nervous system. Already Stubli, in his classic monograph on trichinosis, cites 2 cases in which meningeal phenomena prevailed at the onset of the disease, and which, in his opinion, were caused by "acute cerebral edema or hydrocephalus". His in some of his cases of trichinosis observed clonus of the foot and Babinsky's symptom. Matthes believes that the excruciating headaches, paresthesia and neuralgia of trichinosis depend on the damage to the nervous system. Decastello notes that the absence of tendon reflexes is due to a violation of the motor pathways of the nerve, system. The opinion of these authors is confirmed by the data of pathological and anatomical studies. Knorr found small meningo-encephalitic foci during the autopsy of one case of trichinosis, although the patient had no meningitis during her lifetime. Gamper and Gruber also found numerous degenerative and proliferative foci in the brain and membranes in one patient who died of trichinosis.
Pertussis treatment with ester injections for white blood reactions and lipolytic enzymes
Authors: Malkina Z. I.
Published: September 2021

As you know, whooping cough is an extremely painful disease not only for the sick child himself, but also for those around him. A particularly serious threat is posed by pertussis for children infected with tuberculosis, as well as for children under 2 years of age, since at this age the death rate from whooping cough is very high.
Highlights of the work of TB facilities in Germany
Authors: Katerov V. I.
Published: September 2021

Both the ideological and practical leadership of the fight against tuberculosis in Germany is in the hands of the "Deutsches Zentralcomit zur Bekmpfung der Tuberkulose", headed by: the chairman of the committee, he is also the president of the German department Zdr. Dr Hamel and the general secretary of the committee, d-r Helm. But various anti-tuberculosis institutions in Germany (hospitals, dispensaries, sanatoriums, etc.) belong to different organizations: cities, insurance offices, the Red Cross Society, etc. : institutions.
Intravenous infusion of calcium chloride for osteoarticular tuberculosis
Authors: Alekseeva-Kozmina A.
Published: September 2021

Clavelin et Andr Sicard (Presse Mdicale 22 fevrier, 1928), based on the works of Weill, Guillaumin and others regarding metabolism, calcium chloride and fixation with ultraviolet rays, subjected 28 patients with severe lesions to combined treatment. The injection technique was as follows: 1-1.5% solution of crystalline, chemically pure calcium chloride, prepared ex tempore in distilled water, was injected intravenously at a solution temperature of 40 . The first 5 injections in the amount of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 k. See 1% solution were injected every two days: then 1.25% solution in the same doses, and at the same intervals. After 10 injections, a break for 20 days; then again 5 injections of 1.25% solution and the last 5 injections 1.5% solution. After each injection, the patients were exposed to the illumination of the Vash's lamp, starting from 1 minute and gradually increasing the dose. Complications included hot flushes to the head, the taste of lime in the mouth, nausea, and sometimes vomiting; in this latter case, it is necessary to stop treatment. Of the 28 patients, 17 received a noticeable improvement, significantly increased in weight, 6 remained unchanged, 4 lost a little weight and 1 gave a deterioration.
Cecum surgery statistics
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: September 2021

Dr. W. Frster (Zentralbl. F. Chirurg, no. 49, 1928) from I / X 1918. no 30 / IX 1928 performed 1,053 operations on the cecum. Of these, in 851 cases. for acute inflammation and 202 cases. in chronic and complicated processes. The severity of the case was controlled by the leukocyte count. Mortality was observed in 18 cases, that is, in 1.7%. Of these, in 2 mild cases due to tuberculosis and cardiac weakness, and the other - embolism. In the remaining 16 cases, death occurred due to the presence of peritonitis, intestinal paralysis, obstruction and other complications during the operation. In 149 cases, a cloudy purulent exudate was found. In 68 cases. deposition of pus and inflammation of the intestine, the author lists these cases as peritonitis. In 343 cases. worms were found, 45 of them freely perforated into the abdominal cavity. The appendix contained 126 times fecal stones, 13 times small foreign bodies, 96 - worms. In 116 cases. the abdominal cavity was drained, in the rest it was closed tightly. In drained cases, mortality is 8. Postoperative management of patients: in mild cases, they get up after 3 days and are discharged home after 7 days. In severe cases, the fight against intoxication, intestinal paresis and heart weakness was carried out by intravenous administration of sugar with hypophysin, Cardiozol, etc. From the onset of the attack to the moment of the operation, it took up to 5.1 days. The author ascribes the main merit of good results to referring doctors, and if the population is more attentive to themselves and more often see a doctor, the statistics will improve significantly.
The action of amniotic fluid on the serous membranes
Authors: Vylegzhanin N.
Published: September 2021

The frequent formation of fibrous adhesions between the serous sheets of the peritoneum after operations forces many surgeons to look for means to prevent this undesirable and sometimes very serious and dangerous consequence of surgical interventions for diseases of the abdominal organs. Recently Johnson, on the basis of the alleged property of amniotic fluid to prevent the adhesion of the fetus to the amniotic sac, proposed its use as a means of preventing the formation of postoperative adhesions between the sheets of the peritoneum. Warren (Arch. Of Path. A. Lab. Med., Vol. 6, No. 5, 1928 and Amer. Journ. Path. No. 6 Vol. IV, 1928) tried to experimentally substantiate this proposal, (for this, during laparotomy in marine pigs, he produced a fairly strong mechanical damage to the sheets of the peritoneum, then to one group of animals he injected into the cavity of the peritoneum from 10 to 15 kb of sterile amniotic fluid, and some animals served as control. , in almost half of the cases, a complete prevention of the formation of adhesions was achieved, in others, a significant decrease in the number of adhesions was obtained. -first, the property of amniotic fluid to significantly reduce the duration of bleeding from wound surfaces, which eliminates the formation of large amounts of fibrin that the organ can undergo izatsii; secondly, due to the slow absorption of amniotic fluid from the abdominal cavity, it serves as a lubricant that maintains the slipperiness of serous surfaces. The author used the so-called. concentrated human and cow amniotic fluid, obtained after treating the fluid with alcohol to remove some of the proteins from it. Based on his data, the author recommends always using amniotic fluid where they want to avoid the formation of adhesions between the sheets of the peritoneum. Moreover, further research gives Warren's reason to recommend the use of amniotic fluid for the same purpose in operations on other serous cavities (pleura, heart, joints).
Changes in platelets in tuberculosis patients during kumis treatment
Authors: Akhrem-Akhremovich R. М.
Published: September 2021

Despite the huge literature devoted to the question of platelets, their origin and role are still far from clear. It is not our task to dwell on the numerous theories of the origin of platelets, which are largely of historical interest only.
Erythropoiesis in pulmonary tuberculosis and its changes under the influence of kumis therapy
Authors: Akhrem-Akhremovich R. М. , Mokeeva А. М.
Published: September 2021

Changes in the morphological composition of blood during pulmonary tbc are as different as the clinical manifestations of this disease are varied. In particular, the picture of red blood also appears to be diverse depending on the stage of the process.
To the question of the comparative assessment of various combined methods of treatment of chronic polyarthritis
Authors: Gremyachkin М. N. , Zhukovskaya N. V.
Published: September 2021

Combined methods of treating chronic polyarthritis means a combination of balneological procedures (sulfuric and mud baths) with pharmaco or physiotherapeutic agents, that is, simultaneous carrying out of two or more methods of treatment. The purpose of the combined treatment is, first of all, the intensification of spa treatment, that is, an increase in the therapeutic effect of natural spa factors and, as a consequence, a reduction in the period of spa treatment of patients and an increase in bed turnover (Brusilovsky).
Racial pathology and medical geography
Authors: Gran М. М.
Published: September 2021

On March 22, in Moscow, in the premises of TSEKBU, a constituent meeting of the new "Society for the Study of Racial Pathology and the Geographic Distribution of Diseases" was held. The meeting was chaired by prof. D. D. Pletnev; in the program of the constituent assembly there were two reports: 1) prof. NK Koltsov's "Tasks of the Society" the ideological substantiation of the tasks of the new Society; 2) prof. V. V. Bunak "What is race?" - the first introductory scientific report
To bacteriology of the causative agent of soft chancre. Wilhelm Frei. (Arch. f. D. u Syph. Bd. 156, H. 3, S. 604—612)
Authors: Dmitriev A.
Published: September 2021

Wilhelm Frei. cultivating 5 different strains of the bacillus Duerey-Unna on media with human, lamb and rabbit blood, found that the bacillus, being an optional anaerobic, has hemolytic properties in cultures; it is much more sensitive to heat and disinfectants (phenol, sublimate) b. coli, staph, pyogenes and gonococci.
Angiospasm, angiospasm, and its treatment. Prof. J. Pal (Mediz. Klinik, 7VG1, 1929)
Authors: Raisky S. M.
Published: September 2021

Prof. J. Pal considers angina pectoris exclusively as a spasm of the coronary arteries, which occurs mainly from irritation of vasoconstrictors passing through the vagus. The starting point of their irritation in a significant number of cases is sclerotic or inflammatory processes of the arteries of the heart and the ascending aorta, which, as shown by autopsy, always begin with intima
On the surgical treatment of empyema in children. Doz. A. Fischer (Zentralblatt f. Chir., No. 11, 1929)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: September 2021

Doz. A. Fischer in 21 cases in children aged 2 months to 16 years has successfully used closed drainage empyema treatment using a tube designed by him
Stopping bleeding by pieces of parenchymal organs. A. A. Ozherelyev and I. B. Kolodner (New surgery, No. 10, 1928)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: September 2021

AA Ozherelyev and IB Kolodner experimentally studied the hemostatic effect of various heterogeneous parenchymal organs, such as lungs, muscles, liver, spleen, and kidneys in parenchymal bleeding in dogs, both under conditions of normal and experimental reduced blood coagulation.
Local vaccine therapy for gonorrhea in women. Aitoff (La presse med., No. 77, 1928)
Authors: Dmitriev A.
Published: September 2021

Aitoff has applied Bezredke's gonococcal antivirus for various forms of female gonorrhea. The antivirus was in contact with the mucous membrane for 2-4 days
To the doctrine of keratodermia palmaris et plantaris symmetrica (Besnier)
Authors: Yasnitsky N. N.
Published: September 2021

Skin diseases characterized by anomalies of keratinization in the sense of hypertrophy of the stratum corneum were named by Lebert in 1864 keratosis (keratosis circumscripta et keratosis diffusa). Hebra in his textbook on skin diseases distinguishes between the following two forms: keratosis without simultaneous participation in the process of skin papillae (callositas, clavus, cornu cutaneum) and keratosis, accompanied by more or less pronounced resolution of the papillary layer (verruca, ichthyosis).
Essence of the common cold (Arch. f. klin. Med., Bd. 117, H. 6: Bd. 119, H. 3.)
Authors: G. V.
Published: September 2021

With the development of infectious pathology, the paramount importance that the ancient doctors so willingly attached to colds in the occurrence of various diseases, especially of an inflammatory nature, almost disappeared: in modern medicine, for a cold, only the secondary importance of the moment predisposing to certain diseases is recognized, although in the general public Until now, a view has been preserved on the important role of the common cold in the occurrence of various diseases, and clinical observations indicate that, perhaps, the pathogenic role of this factor is not so small.
Quinine as a remedy for enhancing labor contractions of the uterus Werner (Monatsschr. F. Geb. u. Gyn., Bd. XLVIII; Zentr. F. Gyn., 1919)
Authors: G. V.
Published: September 2021

The real enthusiasm with which the introduction of pituitrin and other pituitary preparations into obstetric practice as a means of enhancing labor contractions of the uterus was greeted among German obstetricians has apparently subsided in recent years, and they have returned to the old remedy. for this purpose, quinine. Werner (Monatsschr. F. Geb. U. Gyn., Bd. XLVIII; Zentr. F. Gyn., 1919) used hydrochloric acid quinine in 5% solution in the form of intravenous infusions (10 cc. S.), And each infusion was accompanied by injecting the same dose of quinine into the muscles
Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages with turpentine. Fuchs (Zentr. T. Gyn., 1920, No. 4), Hinze (ib., No. 28) and Sonnenfeld (Berl. Klin. Woch., 1920, No. 30)
Authors: G. V.
Published: September 2021

Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages with turpentine. Fuchs (Zentr. T. Gyn., 1920, No. 4), Hinze (ib., No. 28) and Sonnenfeld (Berl. Klin. Woch., 1920, No. 30) observed very good results from the treatment of salpingo-ophoritis with intramuscular injections of a mixture of turpentine with olive oil in a ratio of 1: 4.
Infectious colitis treatment
Authors: Murashov I. V.
Published: September 2021

The enormous interest currently given to colitis in general and their treatment in particular prompts me to share the methods that I have been using for many years and with great success in the treatment of colitis of infectious origin, which include colitis caused by an infection of a very diverse nature: or entering the intestine from the outside , such as amoeba dysenteriae Councilman et Lafleur s. entamoeba hystolytica Schaudinn, bac. dysenteriae Schiga-Kruse s. bacterium dysenteriae Migula, bac. Flexner'a, bac. His-Roussel'a, bac. Strong'a, pseudo-dysentery bacilli, or developing due to increased virulence of the regulars of the intestine, for example, b. coli, b. proteus, streptococci, etc., or, finally, colitis, as a complication in other infectious diseases, for example, with typhoid fever, measles, flu, etc., and all these forms of colitis are so similar to each other that it is impossible to distinguish them from each other neither by clinical signs, nor by the course: there may be mild and severe cases, acute and chronic, regardless of their origin; one and the same symptomatology is reduced to local and general phenomena; in the latter case, as a result of the general intoxication of the body with the waste products of the intestinal flora absorbed from the intestine (feverish state, coated tongue, headaches, general fatigue, darkening of consciousness, convulsions, decline in heart activity, etc.); as for the symptoms of local origin, they boil down to colicky abdominal pain, increased urge to lower, tenesmus, secretion of blood and mucus, as an expression of intoxication of the mucous membrane of the colon and rectum, caused by the same intestinal flora. All these symptoms in their entirety and essence form the basis of the course and direction of the doctor's thought at the patient's bedside. We have to think, as G.I.Ivashentsev quite reasonably states1), about the destruction and elimination of the infectious principle, the neutralization and elimination of toxins, the prevention and treatment of severe lesions of the colon mucosa. All these conditions are met in the best way by our method of treatment. In the current state of our knowledge, the specific treatment of colitis recedes into the background.
On the issue of traumatic heart damage without perforation of the heart shirt
Authors: Shibkov A. I.
Published: September 2021

According to the anatomical localization of traumatic heart injuries, surgeons (Napalkov, Chugaev, Fisher, Ikovitz, etc.) are divided into the following three natural groups: 1) joint damage to the heart and bursa, 2) damage to one bursa, and 3) damage to one heart with an intact heart shirt.
The successive period and the simplest way to isolate the placenta
Authors: Mikeladze Sh. Ya.
Published: September 2021

From the moment of birth of the fetus, the third period of the birth act begins the succession period. A woman, both during childbirth and during the allocation of the placenta, in most cases does not do without the help of an obstetrician. The main task of the obstetrician is to monitor the correct flow of natural forces and come to help only when the latter are insufficient or are somehow disturbed. Any untimely intervention entails a violation of the normal course of the subsequent period and is the cause of a number of complications (strictures of the internal pharynx, separation of pieces of the placenta and membranes, etc.).
About free transplantation
Authors: Perimov V.
Published: September 2021

In recent years, the issue of tissue transplants has been of great interest to surgeons, and plastic surgery has made tremendous gains. In this victorious procession of surgery, a relatively modest place is occupied by the issue of free plastic fascias.
On the issue of atypical flu
Authors: Давыдов P. D.
Published: September 2021

In the magazine "Doctor. Case ", No. 4, 1929, in the section" Notes from practice "there is an article by E. And Khinskaya," Atypical course of influenza ", which describes an influenza that resembles either typhus or typhoid fever. The appearance of this article, which could not be more opportune: lately, I, and many other doctors, have had quite a few cases of diseases similar in clinical picture and course either to typhoid or typhus, which are suitable for the cases described by E And Khinskaya.
Regarding the note of the assistant professor A.P. Egorov: "On the meaning of" myogenic shifts in the blood picture"
Authors: Dryagin K. A. , Inyushkin N. V. , Dryagina O. N. , Mokeev A. M.
Published: September 2021

In this issue of the journal, pref.-Assoc. A.P. Egorov publishes a note about our article "Changes in the morphological composition of blood under the influence of muscle movements" (this journal, 1928, No. 8), in which he finds "some inaccuracies, especially in general premises, which do not fully correspond to reality. . He makes such a conclusion, apparently, on the basis of the fact that we disagreed with his opinion on the understanding of Naegeli's attitude to leukocytosis, which occurs under the influence of bodily stress. A.P. Egorov classifies Naegeli as one of the authors who consider this leukocytosis to be distributive. Although in the book Naegeli "Blutkrankheiten" (edition 1923, pp. 223-224) there are reasons for such an understanding (see Egorov's references), but at the same time he writes: "Wohl fast alle Autoren (Z. V. Li be row) erblicken in dieser neutrophilen Leukozytose eine myelogene, auf bestimmte Reize gebildet, aber nur zum Tele von Muskelsubstanzen veranlasst, womit ja vortrefflich stimmt, dass nach Grawitzdiese "myogene" Leukozytose femdom Dann ist eben der Reiz auf das Knochenmark unter dem Schwellenwert der schon vorhandenen Reize . In our opinion, the above quotation forces Naegeli to be attributed to the authors who consider the indicated leukocytosis not to be distributive, but to be true myelogenous.
On the issue of preventive bias in teaching clinical disciplines
Authors: Gran M. M.
Published: September 2021

The question of the reform of higher education in all areas, in particular the question of the reform of higher medical education, is urgent and acute in our country. This relevance and acuteness stands in the context of the Soviet socialist attitude, in the sense of a revision of the main fundamental ideological points of view on the tasks of higher education in general, medical in particular, a corresponding revision of plans and educational and pedagogical programs, teaching methods and practice, an appropriate selection of teaching forces, etc. Related to this question is the question of science in general, and the connection of science with state and national economic construction, the question of the role of science in socialist construction, the question of the connection between "science and labor", the question of training new cadres of scientific builders in various branches of state and social life and in our Soviet conditions the builders of socialism, the socialist way of life. In connection with this issue, we have recently experienced and are experiencing a number of sharp, broad socio-political discussions on the reform of the Academy of Sciences; this question was sharply debated at the last regular meeting (section) of scientific workers in Moscow, according to the report of comrade. Vyshinsky.
"Military sanitary affairs" No. 1 and No. 2. Otv. editor Head of the Military Sanitary Directorate of the Red Army, Doctor M.I.Baranov. 6 books are published a year, subscription, fee 6 rubles, Gosmedizdat
Authors: Blumstein Z. N.
Published: September 2021

Undoubtedly, the urgent need has given rise to a new periodic body - "Military Sanitary Delo", which has set itself the goal of serving a wide range of military sanitary workers, and primarily doctors.
On pulmonary hemorrhage in cardiovascular patients. Leo Hess (Die-Aerztliche Praxis, No. 2, 1929)
Authors: Rayskiy S. M.
Published: September 2021

Leo Hess notes that most often pulmonary bleeding occurs in cardiac patients due to embolic blockage of the lungs with mitral stenosis and aortic valve insufficiency. The second place in frequency is occupied by cases of pulmonary embolism from thrombotic peripheral veins of the prostate, uterus, rectum, sinus sagittalis, and femoral vein.