bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation of endothelial histone H3.3 serine 31 by PKN1 links flow-induced signaling to proatherogenic gene expression
Authors: Jin Young-June , Liang Guozheng , Li Rui , Wang ShengPeng , Alnouri Mohamad Wessam , Bentsen Mette , Kuenne Carsten , Günther Stefan , Yan Yang , Li Yongxin , Wettschureck Nina , Offermanns Stefan
Published: January 2025

Atherosclerotic lesions develop preferentially in arterial regions exposed to disturbed blood flow, where endothelial cells acquire an inflammatory phenotype. How disturbed flow induces endothelial cell inflammation is incompletely understood. Here we show that histone H3.3 phosphorylation at serine 31 (H3.3S31) regulates disturbed-flow-induced endothelial inflammation by allowing rapid induction of FOS and FOSB, required for inflammatory gene expression. We identified protein kinase N1 (PKN1) as the kinase responsible for disturbed-flow-induced H3.3S31 phosphorylation. Disturbed flow activates PKN1 in an integrin α5β1-dependent manner and induces its translocation into the nucleus, and PKN1 is also involved in the phosphorylation of the AP-1 transcription factor JUN. Mice with endothelium-specific PKN1 loss or endothelial expression of S31 phosphorylation-deficient H.3.3 mutants show reduced endothelial inflammation and disturbed-flow-induced vascular remodeling in vitro and in vivo. Together, we identified a pathway whereby disturbed flow through PKN1-mediated histone phosphorylation and FOS/FOSB induction promotes inflammatory gene expression and vascular inflammation.
The impact of neuroscience education therapy, behavioral economics, and digital navigators on patient migraine treatment adherence to a mobile health application: a prospective pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Minen Mia T. , Waire Erin K. , Torous John , Fishman Jessica , Lipton Richard B. , Powers Scott W.
Published: January 2025

Mobile health (mHealth) tools can be used to deliver nonpharmacologic therapies to patients with migraine. However, mHealth studies often report poor treatment adherence. Neuroscience Education Therapy (NET), behavioral economics, and Digital Navigators have the potential to increase treatment adherence and thereby improve remote migraine self-management. We conducted a 6-month prospective pilot randomized controlled trial testing if a multi-component package of behavioral interventions increased treatment adherence among patients using one of two different mHealth migraine self-management programs (low-intensity program consisting only of a headache diary versus high-intensity program consisting of a headache diary and behavioral exercises). Our outcomes were the number of diary entries and behavioral exercises completed/week captured via back-end analytics of the mHealth application. We also compared our adherence data at 90-days (a secondary endpoint to assess the durability of the effect) with adherence data from similar published studies without the adherence-enhancing package. We enrolled 26 participants (n = 15 low intensity group, n = 11 high-intensity group). During the 6-week intervention period, we had a median of 7 headache diary entries/week in both groups and a median of 6 days/week of behavioral exercises in the high-intensity group. The rate of adherence with the adherence-enhancing package included was 2.9-8x higher compared to the median rates of the behavioral exercises to historical controls. With use of NET, behavioral economics, and digital navigators, participants achieved higher levels of adherence to both self-management programs compared to prior remote migraine self-management studies. Therefore, these tools may be beneficial to improving adherence to migraine self-management programs.
HfO2-based ferroelectric synaptic devices: challenges and engineering solutions
Authors: Kwon Taegyu , Choi Hyeong Seok , Lee Dong Hyun , Han Dong Hee , Cho Yong Hyeon , Jeon Intak , Jung Chang Hwa , Lim Hanjin , Moon Taehwan , Park Min Hyuk
Published: January 2025

This perspective article discusses the limitations and potential of HfO2 ferroelectrics in synaptic devices and introduces key strategies at both the device and array levels to enhance the synaptic performance of HfO2-based ferroelectrics.
Progress and perspectives on electrocatalysis in room-temperature Na–S batteries
Authors: Huang Xiang-Long , Li Xue , Yang Mingyue , Yang Yeqing , Qian Jiahao , Yao Long , Zhu Kunjie , Liu Hua-Kun , Wang Yun-Xiao
Published: January 2025

Room-temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries can allow an ultrahigh specific capacity and a high energy density but unfortunately suffer from a lot of intractable challenges from sulfur cathodes.
Exploring molecule–surface interactions of urania via IR spectroscopy and density functional theory
Authors: Idriss Hicham , Barral María Andrea , Di Napoli Solange Mariel , Murgida Gustavo E. , Sauter Eric , Llois Ana María , Ganduglia-Pirovano M. Verónica , Vildosola Verónica Laura , Wöll Christof
Published: January 2025

Within the framework of surface–adsorbate interactions relevant to chemical reactions of spent nuclear fuel, the study of actinide oxide systems remains one of the most challenging tasks at both the experimental and computational levels.
High-precision identification of breast cancer based on end-to-end parallel spectral convolutional neural network assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Shi Shengqun , Pi Lingling , Peng Lili , Zhang Deng , Ma Honghua , Liu Yuanchao , Deng Nan , Wang Xiong , Guo Lianbo
Published: January 2025

A parallel spectral CNN (PSCNN) integrates spectral preprocessing and breast cancer identification in a multitask framework, enhancing feature learning and classification performance through effective information sharing and regularization.
Advances in microfluidic platforms for tumor cell phenotyping: from bench to bedside
Authors: Joshi Rutwik , Ahmadi Hesaneh , Gardner Karl , Bright Robert K. , Wang Wenwen , Li Wei
Published: January 2025

Heterogeneities among tumor cells significantly contribute towards cancer progression and therapeutic inefficiency. Herein, we discuss recent microfluidic platforms for sorting and profiling of tumor cells for prognostics and personalized therapies.
Developing 3D bioprinting for organs-on-chips
Authors: Wu Zhuhao , Liu Rui , Shao Ning , Zhao Yuanjin
Published: January 2025

Organs-on-chips (OoCs) can be directly fabricated by 3D bioprinting techniques, which enhance the structural and functional fidelity of organ models and broaden the applications of OoCs.
A stretchable PVA–agar hydrogel patch embedded with metal-doped carbon dots (MCD) for monitoring the Ca2+ biomarker
Authors: Behera Lingaraj , Mohapatra Sasmita
Published: January 2025

A PVA-agar hydrogel crosslinked with Cu-CD has been designed which detects change in Ca2+ concentration through a change in fluorescence as well as ionic conductance.
Engaging a highly fluorescent conjugated polymer network for probing endogenous hypochlorite in macrophage cells: improved sensitivity via signal amplification
Authors: Fernandes Rikitha S. , Gupta Neelam , Sanjay Ch , Anamika  , Himaja Ambati , Ghosh Balaram , Kuila Biplab Kumar , Dey Nilanjan
Published: January 2025

A fluorescent triazine-based polymer enables selective hypochlorite detection in semi-aqueous environments, demonstrated with test paper assays and validated in real samples, highlighting its potential for practical applications.
Hydrogen evolution using a self-supported starch carbon aerogel electrocatalyst loaded with CeO2–MoxC in alkaline saline water
Authors: Yuan Mengjie , Liu Chenglin , Gao Shanshan , Jia Liu , Qiu Xianglin , Qi Guanhao , Sun Yanan , Wang Yuzheng , Song Xiaoming
Published: January 2025

Developed a self-supporting porous carbon aerogel electrode, namely, CeO2–MoxC/PSCA, Electrochemical tests revealed its outstanding hydrogen evolution catalytic activity in both alkaline electrolyte and alkaline saline water.
Cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-oxazolines in γ-butyrolactones using various initiators
Authors: Chen Tingwei , Zhao Chenke , Lai Tao , Zhao Junpeng
Published: January 2025

Bio-sourced (γ-alkyl) γ-butyrolactones are found to be valid green solvents for living/controlled cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-oxazolines using classic and unexploited initiators.
Modulating the electronic structure of a hydrogen-bonded organic framework to enhance uranium removal via the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhang Qingsong , Miao Yuyang , Xiao Yang , Hu Jianwei , Gong Haiyi , Zeng Qingyi
Published: January 2025

An ingenious strategy for the efficient removal of uranium by utilizing photocatalytic HER is proposed, employing the novel and highly stable bimetallic Co9Ni1-HOF as the photocatalyst.
Halogenated dibenzoylmethane Eu3+ complexes as spectroscopic markers: a pioneering photobleaching strategy for counterfeit applications and controlling luminescence efficiency
Authors: Tsorieva Alisia V. , Korshunov Vladislav M. , Metlin Mikhail T. , Vlasova Tatiana S. , Gontcharenko Victoria E. , Metlina Daria A. , Kompanets Victor O. , Chekalin Sergey V. , Taydakov Ilya V.
Published: January 2025

Enhancement of luminescence efficiency from 23% up to 64% by halogenation of ligands in Eu3+ diketonate complexes was achieved. A novel type of luminescent taggant based on controlled photobleaching for anticounterfeiting application was created.
Bridged rings from phenolic feedstocks: regio- and diastereoselective substitution-hemiketalization cyclization of bridged benzoxocin-4-ones with Grignard reagents
Authors: Li Xiaojie , Fan Yishuai , Yang Haoran , Shen Ruwei
Published: January 2025

The highly regio- and diastereoselective substitution-hemiketalization cyclization of bridged benzoxocin-4-ones with Grignard reagents is reported to enable a facile synthesis of a diverse portfolio of bridged benzoxocin-2-ol frameworks.
A biofuel cell of (methyl violet/AuNPs)25/FTO photoanode and bilirubin oxidase/CuCo2O4 bio-photocathode inspired by the photoelectrochemistry activities of fluorescent materials/molecules
Authors: Sun Chenglong , Zeng Xingyu , Chen Mingjian , Du Yun , Peng Yueyi , Xie Qingji
Published: January 2025

A photoelectrochemical enzymatic biofuel cell consisting of a (methyl violet/Au nanoparticles)25/fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) photoanode without conventional semiconductor(s) and a bilirubin oxidase/CuCo2O4/FTO bio-photocathode is developed.
A comparative investigation on excimer fluorescence toward its bright future
Authors: Wang Shiyin , Liu Haichao , Zhao Shuaiqiang , Wu Qiaolin , Yang Zhiqiang , Yang Daojie , Lv Yingbo , Su Qing , Zhang Shi-Tong , Yang Bing
Published: January 2025

An anthracene-based inter-excimer and intra-excimer were constructed, and their PLQYs can be ranked based on the environmental rigidity and excimer stability.
Visible-light responsive hydrogen production from formate with a photoredox system using enzymes and colloidal platinum nanoparticles
Authors: Yoshikawa Shintaro , Amao Yutaka
Published: January 2025

Visible-light controlled H2 production from formate with the combination system of a biocatalytic process with formate dehydrogenase and a photoredox reaction of water-soluble zinc porphyrin, methylviologen and colloidal platinum nanoparticles was developed.
Dynamical arrest for globular proteins with patchy attractions
Authors: Bergman Maxime J. , Garting Tommy , De Michele Cristiano , Schurtenberger Peter , Stradner Anna
Published: January 2025

Dynamic properties of γB-crystallin are incompatible with a colloid model for attractive ellipsoids that reproduces static data and phase diagrams.
Atomically dispersed metal catalysts for methane dry reforming
Authors: Jia Yuteng , Wu Shaowen , Qiu Peng , Meng Lingxin , Zhu Tianyu
Published: January 2025

Methane dry reforming to produce synthesis gas is an effective way to solve the energy and environmental problems.
High-energy density dielectric film capacitors enabled by grain boundary engineering
Authors: Liu Yupeng , Hu Tian-Yi , Liu Ming , Lu Rui , Lu Lu , Lu Yiqin , Han Qiuyang , Fu Weijie , Duan Tingzhi , Dai Yanzhu , Ma Chunrui , Mi Shao-Bo , Jia Chun-Lin
Published: January 2025

We demonstrate that the energy storage performance of 0.85BaTiO3-0.15Bi(Mg0.5Zr0.5)O3 films has been significantly enhanced by designing film microstructure, providing a practical avenue for developing high-performance dielectric film capacitors.
In situ anion exchange with redox mediators influencing the photovoltaic parameters in vacancy-ordered halide perovskite-based photoelectrochemical solar cells
Authors: Manoj Manasa , Halpati Jigar Shaileshkumar , Chandiran Aravind Kumar
Published: January 2025

The photoelectrochemical solar cells with vacancy-ordered perovskite undergo anion exchange with components in the electrolyte. This study unravels the role of iodide in the redox mediator on the phase stability of the Cs2Pt(Cl/Br)6 absorber.
An efficient H2O2-based propylene to propylene oxide (HPPO) reaction catalyzed by ZnO/ZnO2 materials
Authors: Nigussie Gebretinsae Yeabyo , Tsai Yi-Fang , Yang Tsung-Cheng , Yang Chia-Min , Yu Steve S.-F.
Published: January 2025

ZnO nanorods and their composites with MCM-41 were prepared to achieve efficient catalytic conversions in the HPPO process.
UV-C emitting phosphors of Pr3+-doped fluoroborate nano-glass composites for disinfection and as fast scintillators
Authors: Wang Sikai , Wu Ziyang , Sun Lei , Ren Jinjun , Zheng Xiaoxin , Zhang Jianzhong , Ren Jing
Published: January 2025

Pr3+-doped nano-glass composites: efficient UV-C phosphors (PLQY of UV-C band: 25.93%) for disinfection and as fast scintillators (48.18 ns).
The Impact of Autistic Traits on Joint Attention in Young Children With Down Syndrome During Mother–Child and Father–Child Interactions
Authors: Sterling Audra , Lorang Emily , Reis Kelsey , Elmquist Marianne
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Joint attention predicts later language in Down syndrome (DS) and autism. The co-occurrence of autism in children with DS is 6%–19%, which is higher than in the general population. However, little is known about how co-occurring autism in DS impacts the development of joint attention. This study compared mother–child and father–child interactions in families of children with DS. Our purpose was to investigate differences in caregiver joint-attention bids and whether caregiver and child joint attention were associated with autistic traits and receptive language in children with DS.

Method:

Fifteen children with DS (
M
age
= 39.67 months) and their biological caregivers participated in the current study. We collected mother–child and father–child interactions in participant's homes. Using Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests, we examined if there were differences in mothers' and fathers' joint attention bids and if children responded differently to their bids. We used Spearman correlations to examine the associations between child autistic traits, receptive language, and caregiver and child joint attention.

Results:

We found that mothers initiated more joint-attention bids than fathers but did not find differences in child responsiveness or initiations based on communication partner. Mothers used more bids when children had more autistic traits. Child autistic traits were negatively correlated with child responsiveness to father joint-attention bids. Children with more autistic traits produced fewer joint-attention bids with both caregivers.

Conclusions:

Findings suggest mothers and fathers may use differing approaches to support their child's language development. Regardless of communication partner, children with more autistic traits engaged in fewer instances of joint attention.
North American Pilot of TBIconneCT: A Social Communication Intervention via Telehealth for Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury and Their Conversation Partners
Authors: Hall Alyssa , Hoepner Jerry K. , Rietdijk Rachael , Togher Leanne
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

The purpose of this pilot investigation was to identify formative feedback to guide the development of a North American version of the TBIconneCT program. A secondary purpose was to examine the feasibility of delivering the intervention by graduate students.

Method:

Two cohorts of individuals with chronic brain injuries and their communication partners were recruited for a 10-week, modified TBIconneCT program delivered by graduate student clinicians via telehealth. Eight dyads were recruited for the first cohort, but only four dyads completed the investigation. Ten dyads participated in the second cohort, but only seven dyads completed the investigation. Along with pre and post self-reported measures of communication and participation, participants completed an interview about their experiences. Interviews were transcribed and qualitatively coded using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results:

Participants from both cohorts improved in all pre- and postmeasures of communication and participation; however, gains were modest across the cohorts. Qualitative analyses were conducted separately by cohort, as results from the first cohort informed modifications that were implemented in the second cohort, primarily to address Australian English dialects. Across both contexts, overarching constructs included “participant perspectives regarding outcomes,” “assessments of the effectiveness of specific portions of the program,” and “suggestions for improvement.”

Conclusions:

The modified TBIconneCT program (North American pilot version) produced modest gains in measures of social communication, participation, and quality of life. Qualitative analyses provided insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the modified program, along with suggestions for refinement of the pilot version.
Re‐identification of patterned animals by multi‐image feature aggregation and geometric similarity
Authors: Nepovinnykh Ekaterina , Immonen Veikka , Eerola Tuomas , Stewart Charles V. , Kälviäinen Heikki
Published: January 2025

Image‐based re‐identification of animal individuals allows gathering of information such as population size and migration patterns of the animals over time. This, together with large image volumes collected using camera traps and crowdsourcing, opens novel possibilities to study animal populations. For many species, the re‐identification can be done by analysing the permanent fur, feather, or skin patterns that are unique to each individual. In this paper, the authors study pattern feature aggregation based re‐identification and consider two ways of improving accuracy: (1) aggregating pattern image features over multiple images and (2) combining the pattern appearance similarity obtained by feature aggregation and geometric pattern similarity. Aggregation over multiple database images of the same individual allows to obtain more comprehensive and robust descriptors while reducing the computation time. On the other hand, combining the two similarity measures allows to efficiently utilise both the local and global pattern features, providing a general re‐identification approach that can be applied to a wide variety of different pattern types. In the experimental part of the work, the authors demonstrate that the proposed method achieves promising re‐identification accuracies for Saimaa ringed seals and whale sharks without species‐specific training or fine‐tuning.
COG 11.3 New Features
Authors: Heinrichs David , Lent Edward , Lee Chuck
Published: January 2025

COG is a high fidelity, multi-particle, Monte Carlo radiation transport code in development at LLNL since 1980 in support of multiple applications including nuclear criticality safety, radiation shielding, radiography, and subcritical multiplicity analysis. COG 11.3 is the latest version scheduled for public release in 2024 representing the culmination of ten years of development since previous releases. This paper describes the major new features available in COG 11.3 including: (a) updated nuclear data libraries; (b) updated activation data; (c) advanced LLNL Fission Reaction Event Yield Algorithm; (d) new time-tagged list-mode detector feature; (e) new spontaneous fission source feature; (f) new alpha and deuteron particle transport; (g) updated electron transport (implementing EGS5 with internal electron library generation using PEGS5); (h) three new estimators for the effective delayed neutron fraction; (i) new input pre-processor options for user-friendly generation of three-dimensional rectangular and triangular lattice geometries; (j) new parallel-processing capabilities for the inverse reactor period and CritDetVR features using MPI; (k) a new imaging detector feature; and (l) details of the modernized COG website at https://cog.llnl.gov. Like previously released versions, COG11.3 will be available to users through RSICC at ORNL, the Nuclear Energy Agency Data Bank at OECD, and by special arrangement through LLNL.
Project “BUSSARD” − a holistic development of high-efficiency solar cells covering innovative front-end, metallization and interconnection approaches
Authors: Lorenz Andreas , Schube Jörg , Nikitina Veronika , Mack Sebastian , Schweigert Sebastian , Buddgard Jonas , Albrecht Jonas , Pospischil Maximilian , Kraft Achim , Wolf Andreas , Hermle Martin , Clement Florian
Published: January 2025

Within this work, we present key results of the transnational European research project “Bussard”. The aim of this project is the development and evaluation of various innovative approaches for highly efficient cell concepts such as tunnel oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) solar cells considering the whole process chain including front-end, back-end and module processing. We present atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a high-throughput alternative for the deposition of Al2O3 passivation layers on the front side of TOPCon solar cells enabling a substantial reduction of the emitter saturation current density down to j0e = 13 fA/cm2. In the field of metallization, we evaluate and demonstrate three innovative approaches for the fine-line metallization of TOPCon solar cells. In this study we focus on multi-nozzle parallel dispensing, a technology that was developed as an alternative to standard screen-printing metallization and is used for the metallization of TOPCon solar cells for the first time. By optimizing the fabrication process at Fraunhofer ISE, we realize TOPCon solar cells (156.75 mm × 156.75 mm) with a champion conversion efficiency of up to ηmax = 24.2% (independently confirmed by Fraunhofer ISE CalLab PVCells). Finally, we present a comprehensive evaluation of the innovative Tape Solution interconnection concept for TOPCon cells and modules. We demonstrate the feasibility on small-scale and full-format modules and analyze the I–V results as well as cell-to-module (CTM) loss analysis using the simulation tool SmartCalc®. The results are compared to TOPCon modules interconnected via SmartWire Connection Technology (SWCT) and electrically conductive adhesive (ECA).
Reversing LeTID in PV power plants: a feasibility study
Authors: Fokuhl Esther , Gebhardt Paul , Schnabel Erdmut , Kleinhans Alexander , Armbruster Cornelius , Mikolajick Thomas , Wesselak Viktor , Philipp Daniel
Published: January 2025

Light and elevated Temperature Induced Degradation (LeTID) is likely causing strong yield losses in a significant number of photovoltaic (PV) power plants which were commissioned in the late 2010s. In this work, a procedure for an in-field recovery using overnight current injection to trigger temporary recovery of LeTID is presented. The general feasibility of such a procedure is first demonstrated by climatic chamber experiments on strongly degraded mc-Si PERC PV modules. Within the screened test conditions, a temporary recovery procedure with high currents and low module temperatures is most promising for an economic application in PV power plants. An outdoor experiment with current injection during nights and MPP tracking during days confirmed the possibility to recover LeTID in PV power plants. By injecting a pulsed current, the heating of the modules caused by the current injection was strongly reduced compared to the heating at constant current injection. Recommendations for the application of a procedure in PV power plants are given based on the required energy expenditure and cost.
The Significance of Information Quality for the Secondary Use of the Information in the National Health Care Quality Registers in Finland
Authors: Frondelius Anna , Kinnunen Ulla-Mari , Jormanainen Vesa
Published: January 2025

Background The aim of the national health care quality registers is to monitor, assess, and improve the quality of care. The information utilized in quality registers must be of high quality to ensure that the information produced by the registers is reliable and useful. In Finland, one of the key sources of information for the quality registers is the national Kanta services.

Objectives The objective of the study was to increase understanding of the significance of information quality for the secondary use of the information in the national health care quality registers and to provide information on whether the information quality of the national Kanta services supports the information needs of the national quality registers, and how information quality should be developed.

Methods The research data were collected by interviewing six experts responsible for national health care quality registers, and it was analyzed using theory-driven qualitative content analysis based on the DeLone and McLean model.

Results Based on the results, the relevance of the information in the Kanta services met the information needs of the national quality registers. However, due to the limited amount of structured information and deficiencies in the completeness of the information, relevant information could not be fully utilized. Deficiencies in information quality posed challenges in information retrieval and hindered drawing conclusions in reporting. Challenges in information quality did not diminish the intention to use the information when information was considered relevant. Solutions to improve information quality included structuring, development of documentation practices, patient information systems and quality assurance, as well as collaboration among stakeholders.

Conclusion The Kanta services' information is relevant for the national health care quality registers, but developing the quality of the information, especially in terms of structures and completeness, is the key to fully enabling the secondary use of this information.
Effectiveness of Basic Life Support Training Program on Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-Efficacy in Management of Drowning Among Adults Living in Coastal Areas of Mangaluru
Authors: Puthiyapurayil Riyaz M. , Chacko Leena K. , Naik Savitha
Published: January 2025

Introduction Drowning is a major, but often neglected, public health problem in India. About 97% of all deaths from drowning occur in low- and middle-income countries. Drowning is a preventable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early use of basic life support (BLS) by a rescuer on site is crucial for the survival of victims of drowning.

Aim This article aims to find out the effectiveness of BLS training program on knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy in the management of drowning.

Materials and Methods A preexperimental, one-group pretest, posttest study design was adopted to study 91 purposively selected subjects who met the selection criteria. The sample size was estimated using a research article by Joseph et al. The data were collected by using valid and reliable tools: 25-item knowledge questionnaire (r = 0.846), 15-item attitude scale (r = 0.867), and 12-item self-efficacy scale (r = 0.928). Ethical approval and informed consent obtained. After obtaining baseline data, pretest was conducted using the said tools and BLS training in the management of drowning was provided. Posttest assessment of knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy was done 7 days after intervention.

Results More than three-fourths (80.2%) had inadequate knowledge during pretest, whereas in posttest half (49.5%) had adequate level of knowledge, with mean and standard deviation of 11.18 ± 3.82 in pretest and 18.21 ± 3.08 in posttest. Regarding attitude, more than half (63.7%) had neutral attitude during pretest and three-fourths (73.6%) had positive attitude in posttest with mean and standard deviation of 57.38 ± 6.44 in pretest and 64.87 ± 5.10 in posttest. A poor level of self-efficacy was reported among 58.2% in pretest, whereas 59.3% had fair level of self-efficacy in posttest. Mean and standard deviation was found to be 33.48 ± 7.73 in pretest and 46.25 ± 4.35 in posttest. There was a significant difference in the pretest and posttest scores of knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy toward BLS at p < 0.05, indicating that BLS training is effective. The Karl Pearson correlation coefficient test showed a significant correlation between knowledge–attitude (r = 0.628, p < 0.001), knowledge–self-efficacy (r = 0.820, p < 0.001), and attitude–self efficacy (r = 0.616, p < 0.001).

Conclusion This study concluded that the BLS training program is effective on knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy in the management of drowning
Percutaneous Cecostomy Catheters
Authors: Akinduro Oluwanifemi G. , Jacobs Adam P. , Gunn Andrew J.
Published: January 2025

Percutaneous cecostomy catheters can be placed in the setting of either fecal incontinence or large bowel obstruction. While there are several etiologies for these disorders, the purpose of the cecostomy catheter is to provide ease of access for antegrade enemas in patients with fecal incontinence or relieve pain and discomfort in patients with a large bowel obstruction. Image-guided, percutaneous catheter placement into the cecum fits easily into the skillset of the interventional radiologist. Even though the literature consists of mostly single-center, retrospective case series, the procedure shows high rates of technical success, outstanding clinical outcomes, excellent patient satisfaction scores, and low rates of major adverse events. The purpose of this article is to review indications for cecostomy catheter placement, outline preprocedural patient evaluation, describe intraprocedural steps of catheter placement, detail postprocedural follow-up, and review both technical and clinical outcomes of cecostomy catheter placement.
Complete calculation of bismuth deformation potential from data on energy spectrum variation under hydrostatic pressure and uniaxial stress
Authors: Lavrenyuk M. Yu. , Minina N. Ya.
Published: January 2025

The data on band structure variation in bismuth due to hydrostatic pressure and uniaxial stress is used to determine the components of the deformation potential tensor for electrons D11e=3.2±0.3;D22e=−6.6±1.0;D33e=2.0±0.2;D23e=−1.65±0.15 eV, and holes D11h=D22h=−0.9±0.1;D33h=1.2±0.2 eV. In comparison to the deformation potential values obtained from ultrasonic measurements and from pseudopotential method, these results allow a more accurate description of the bismuth energy spectrum variation under an arbitrary deformation.
On the possibility of parametric excitation of first and second sounds in 3He−4He solutions in a magnetic field
Authors: Vigdorchik N. E. , Ioffe I. V.
Published: January 2025

The possibility of excitation of first and second sounds in 3He−4He solutions by a variable magnetic field is described. The critical values of magnetic fields are determined. It is shown that a constant magnetic field introduces errors in the first and second sound velocities that can be easily measured.
Vibrational spectrum of dislocations interacting with impurities
Authors: Natsik V. D. , Smirnov S. N.
Published: January 2025

The vibrational frequency spectrum of dislocations is studied under the influence of the Peierls charge pattern and randomly distributed impurity atoms creating potential wells of finite size. Implicit expressions are obtained for the spectral density of the vibrational frequencies in various limiting cases. The effect of concentration and intensity of impurities on the properties of the frequency spectrum is discussed. The low temperature interval in which the dislocation contribution to the thermodynamic properties of crystals may be experimentally observed is estimated.
Crystal structure and thermal expansion of the δ-phase of O2-Ar solid solutions
Authors: Baryl’nik A. S. , Prokhvatilov A. I. , Érenburg A. I.
Published: January 2025

X-ray investigations of the structure and thermal expansion of the metastable delta-phase of O2-Ar solutions are described. It is shown that the crystal structure δ-O2 is a direct analog of the cubic structure γ-O2. Supercooling of the solid γ-solutions of O2-Ar reduces their symmetry from Pm 3n with Z = 8(γ-O2) to I43d with Z = 64(δ-O2) due to the orientational ordering of the solid solutions of oxygen molecules. For δ-O2, the coefficients of thermal expansion are found to depend strongly on temperature and concentration of the solution.
Effect of strain-induced effects on the temperature dependence of the electric resistivity of Nb
Authors: Borisova I. F. , Gindin I. A. , Merisov B. A. , Sokolenko V. I. , Starodubov Ya. D.
Published: January 2025

The electrical resistivity of niobium in the initial state and after rolling at 20 K has been measured in the temperature interval 9.5−310 K. The results are analyzed with the help of a model taking into account the intraband and interband scattering. It is shown that the temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity in the initial and deformed samples is described by this model to a high degree of accuracy. Strain-induced defects lead to a lowering of the Debye temperature, a stronger intraband scattering and electron–phonon scattering.
On topological stability of a monopole-type defect in the problem of a sphere with 3He-A
Authors: Kirillov S. A. , Klubovich V. V.
Published: January 2025

It is shown that in the problem of a sphere containing 3He-A, a monpole-type defect with a nontrival kernel containing a circular linear singularity is topologically stable.
On the contribution of vacancy heat transfer to the thermal conductivity of solidified inert gases
Authors: Yakub L. N.
Published: January 2025

Departures in the values of thermal conductivity of solid krypton measured on isochores from the theoretical values predicted for a perfect anharmonic crystal are described. It is shown that the experimentally measured contribution of vacancy heat transfer decreases sharply when the Grüneisen parameter is taken into account.
Relaxation processes and kinetic phenomena in narrow-gap superconductors
Authors: Galaiko V. P. , Bezuglyi E. V. , Bratus’ E. N. , Shumeiko V. S.
Published: January 2025

The possibility of using the two-band superconductor model1 by taking into consideration the electron scattering at the lattice defects and the correlation interaction of the wide- and narrow-band electrons for describing the kinetic properties of high-Tc superconductors (HTS) in normal state is discussed. Specific features of the relaxation processes in the electron system of a narrow-band conductor, viz. the non-Born impurity scattering in the region of band overlapping, and an anomalous increase in the electron–electron scattering for a partially filled narrow band, are explained. The temperature dependence of resistance, caused by the interference of various relaxation mechanisms, contains a broad-linear region typical of HTS, while the thermoelectric coefficient has an anomalously large value which reverses its sign upon a variation of temperature and electron concentration. A comparison is made between the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the two-band model for different values of its microscopic parameters.
Thermodynamic model of the fcc–hcp phase transition in 4He
Authors: Dmitriev V. P. , Roshal’ S. B.
Published: January 2025

The reconstructive phase transition between the hexagonal close-packed and the face-centered cubic modifications of crystalline 4He is described by using the phenomenological theory with two order parameters as applied to the lattice gas model.
A rotor molecule in an atomic cryomatrix. Indirect impurity interaction
Authors: Kal’noi S. E. , Strzhemechnyi M. A.
Published: January 2025

A theory of indirect static interaction of dumbbell-shaped impurities in an atomic matrix (like N2 in Ar) is constructed in the framework of the theory of elasticity. The presence of impurity ensembles round a chosen impurity entails random tetragonal distortions (over the ensemble) in the local vicinity of the chosen impurity and, as a consequence, an additional splitting of the Devonshire spectrum. The phonon-rotational coupling constants and the intensities of the relevant interactions (in particular, the partial coefficient describing the response of the rotor to the elastic deformation field around a dilatation center) are evaluated by using the known intermolecular potentials for N2 and CO as impurities and Ar, Kr, and Xe as matrices. The thermodynamics of statically interacting impurities is constructed by taking into account the fact that the influence on the chosen impurity depends weakly on the rotational state of the impurity exerting it. The parameters determining the statistics of the Devonshire spectrum splitting for the N2 in Ar system are evaluated and the shape of the line describing thermodynamic transitions contributing to the low-temperature heat capacity is determined. The role of the direct rotor-rotor interaction in the thermodynamics of these systems is discussed.
Metal–insulator transition with an increase in the hydrogen content in amorphous chromium films
Authors: Belevtsev B. I. , Buckel W. , Hasse J. , Brekeller K.
Published: January 2025

It is found that an increase in the hydrogen content in amorphous chromium films deposited on a liquid-helium-cooled substrate leads to a considerable increase in the electrical resistivity and, in the limiting case, to a metal–insulator transition (MIT). The variation of the coordination structure of atomic arrangement and the temperature dependence of the resistivity are studied in the vicinity of the MIT. It is found that an increase in the atomic spacing and specific volume, which is the main reason behind the observed MIT. An analysis of the results shows that the investigated MIT is analogous to the Anderson transition observed earlier in expanding liquid mercury at high temperatures and associated with the formation of a “pseudogap” in the electron density of states. For the amorphous state of a solid, such a transition is observed for the first time.
Electric dipole echo in glasses at ultralow temperatures
Authors: Kuz’min V. S. , Saiko A. P.
Published: January 2025

It is shown that the experimental results on electric echo excitation in quartz can be explained by consistently taking into account the modulating interaction of the field with two-level quantum glass formations. The possibility of echo signal generation at higher harmonics is indicated.
On the dynamics of the superconducting glass YBa2Cu3O7
Authors: Gabovich A. M. , Moiseev D. P. , Panaitov G. I. , Postnikov V. M. , Prikhot’ko A. F. , Sidorenko A. S.
Published: January 2025

The relaxation in time of the magnetic flux trapped during cooling in magnetic fields H = 10 and 50 Oe in the superconducting ceramics YBa2Cu3O7 with Tc ≈ 98 K is measured at T = 4.2 K. The flux decreases logarithmically, which points towards the existence of a nonequilibrium state similar to the spin-glass state in magnets. The same dependence is observed for the superconducting metal oxide sample BaPb0.75Bi0.25O3 with Tc ≈ 8 K, cooled in a field H = 1.5 Oe.
Second sound excitation of Rayleigh and Stonely surface waves at the boundary between solid 4He and He II
Authors: Kagan M. Yu. , Kosevich Yu. A.
Published: January 2025

Resonance interaction of a second sound wave incident from He II with the (atomically smooth or atomically rough) boundary of solid 4He is considered. The peculiarities of the reflection coefficient for supercritical angles of incidence are studied near the resonance of surface and volume waves, and the depth and half-width of the resonance minimum are determined. It is shown that the bulk second sound in He II can produce resonance excitation of surface Stonely and Rayleigh waves at the boundaries between He II and an atomically smooth face of a 4He crystal (or an ordinary solid) in the former case, and an atomically rough face of a 4He crystal in the latter case.
Dynamic generation of magnon mass in a two-sublattice magnetic chain
Authors: Krivoruchko V. N.
Published: January 2025

The role of quantum effects in an isotropic ferromagnetic chain at zero temperature is discussed. For integral values of (S1 + S2), the low-energy properties of the system in the limit of large but finite spins can be described by the two-dimensional 0(3) σ-model of the field theory with a topological angle θ = 0. For a system with integral values of (S1 + S2), solutions with a nontrivial topology (“instantons”) are derived. The long-range effect of instantons on the behavior of spin correlation functions is considered.
Cathode luminescence spectral studies of degassing and radiation stability of superconductor Y1Ba2Cu3O7–δ
Authors: Eremenko V. V. , Fugol’ I. Ya. , Samovarov V. N. , Demirskii V. V. , Zhuravlev V. M. , Uyutnov S. A.
Published: January 2025

The emission spectra of Y1Ba2Cu3O7–δ in the normal and superconducting phases have been studied under electron irradiation. This spectrum is found to change considerably during the superconducting transition. Cathode excitation makes it possible to remove the excess oxygen–nitrogen mixture while preserving the spectral singularities at the point Tc, as well as the temperature dependence of resistance. Long-term cathode excitation in vacuum with an overall dose of about 3000 J/cm2 results in a displacement of the transition and a decrease in the intensity of the emission spectrum.
Relation between jumps in magnetic flux and plastic deformation of superconducting niobium
Authors: Dolgin A. M.
Published: January 2025

Superconducting niobium is found to exhibit two types of thermomagnetic instabilities which differ in the nature of the initiating effect. These instabilities are: (a) magnetic flux jumps during magnetization in an alternating magnetic field and (b) bursts of trapped flux during quasi-elastic deformation. It is found that the plastic deformation jumps are initiated by the magnetic flux jumps. The effect is shown to be due to sample heating during the flux jump and can be interpreted by the theory of thermomechanical instability of low-temperature plastic flow. The effect of S–N transitions on the initiation of deformation jumps is considered.
Specific heat and density of electron states in FexNi82–xCr18 alloys
Authors: Pecherskaya V. I. , Bol’shutkin D. N. , Butenko A. V. , Beilinson V. N. , Ovcharenko V. I. , Pervakov V. A. , Tyutryumova N. Yu.
Published: January 2025

The specific heat of FexNi82–xCr18 (x = 2−37) is studied in the temperature interval 4.2−45 K. The lattice, electron, and magnetic components of specific heat are isolated and used for determining the Debye temperature, electron specific heat and magnetic entropy respectively. The magnetic entropy data lead to the conclusion about the formation of cluster-type spin glasses and are used to calculate the average number of iron atoms in a cluster. The density of s- and d-electron states on the Fermi surface is calculated and their contributions to the specific heat and electric conduction analyzed.
Magnetoelastic interaction in CoCl2 manifested in magnetostriction and antiferromagnetic resonance
Authors: Lozenko A. F. , Parkhomchuk P. E. , Ryabchenko S. M. , Trotsenko P. A.
Published: January 2025

Magnetostriction and low-frequency antiferromagnetic resonance (LF AFMR) are studied in lamellar antiferromagnet CoCl2 at 4.2 K. Strong spontaneous and induced magnetostrictions (MS) are detected. Spontaneous MS is compared with the results obtained for the gap in the low-frequency branch of AFMR, and a good correlation is observed. It is found that magnetostriction is strongly affected by a partially reversible antiferromagnetic domain structure modified by a magnetic field applied in the basal plane. Manifestations of rearrangement of this structure are also observed in the frequency-field dependence of LF AFMR. The magnetoelastic interaction constants are determined by using elastic constants for CoCl2 available in literature.
Kondo anomalies in electron paramagnetic resonance in dilute magnetic alloys
Authors: Mironov G. I. , Fazleev N. G.
Published: January 2025

The influence of the electron bottleneck effect, i.e., the dynamic nature of the interaction between spin subsystems of localized moments and conduction electrons on the Kondo effect in EPR parameters of dilute magnetic alloys in investigated. The results are obtained by solving a coupled system of equations for transverse dynamic susceptibilities of localized magnetic moments and magnetic moments of conduction electrons. Calculations are based on Feynman’s diagram technique and on the pseudofermion representation of localized spin operators. Experimental data are discussed.
Fluctuation approach to the theory of weak itinerant magnetism of transition metals and their compounds
Authors: Povzner A. A. , Timofeev A. A.
Published: January 2025

A self-consistent approach to the theory of spin and phonon fluctuations in weak itinerant magnets is developed. It is shown that the contribution of spin and phonon fluctuations to temperature dependences of magnetic properties is not additive, and the effect of suppression of phonon fluctuations by spin fluctuations is observed in weak itinerant magnets even at low temperatures.
Magnetic viscosity in cluster spin glass
Authors: Efimova N. N. , Popkov Yu. A. , Tkachenko N. V.
Published: January 2025

Disordered magnets have become an object of intensive studies in recent years. An analysis of experimental data reveals that different disordered systems exhibit common peculiarities in magnetic properties. Most of the authors consider that these peculiarities are indications of a transition to the spin glass (SG) state. Such conclusions, however, require in some cases an additional verification.
Absorption of electromagnetic waves in hexagonal perovskites
Authors: Belykh V. G. , Vitebskii I. M. , Sobolev V. L. , Soboleva T. K.
Published: January 2025

It is shown that the linear magnetoelectric effect of exchange type in exchange-noncollinear magnets may cause a direct absorption of electromagnetic field by the exchange branches of the magnon spectrum.
Quasi-one-dimensional superfluidity in Bose systems
Authors: Shevchenko S. I.
Published: January 2025

The theory of superfluidity of bosons in narrow channels forming a network in space is constructed. It is shown that the temperature Tc of superfluidity transition, below which the system has a long-range order, is equal to h2n/Ml in order of magnitude (here, n is the one-dimensional density of bosons of mass M and l the characteristic length of a link in the network). A generalization of the Ginzburg–Gross–Pitaevskii (GGP) equation permitting an analysis of the decay of current state is proposed. The relaxation time τ for the current state at T > Tc is estimated. It is shown that for a flow velocity υ→0, the relaxation time τ ∝ exp (ħnc/T), where c is the velocity of sound. For ħnc ≫ T ≫ Tc, the supercurrent decay time is astronomically large and quasisuperfluidity cannot be distinguished from true superfluidity in spite of the absence of a long-range order.