bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating digital maturity of education
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Vikhman Victoria Viktorovna , Romm Mark Valerievich ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The article examines the problem of digital transformation of modern society and education in the context of the general logic of present and future technological revolutions, called Industries 4.0 and 5.0. The purpose of the article is to identify the characteristic features of the modern understanding of digital maturity in education and the specifics of its evaluation methods (metrics). Materials and Methods. The methodology for solving the problem is based on the general research methods (synthesis and generalization of international and Russian publications focused on the stated problem). Results. The authors have analyzed and clarified the modern understanding of the concept of digital maturity in general and digital maturity of education in particular. It is noted that the currently emerging theoretical concept of digital maturity plays an essential role in determining key guidelines in the process of searching for appropriate strategies for digital transformation of education. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of international and Russian evaluation inventories (metrics) of digital maturity, including education, aimed exclusively at the processes of collection and processing of quantitative indicators of evaluated industries at the micro-level. The existing methods of assessing digital maturity of education are supplemented by the approach developed by the authors which works at the macro level and expands the heuristic potential of existing assessment methods. Conclusions. The authors summarize the peculiarities of the modern understanding of digital maturity in education as an integral characteristic feature of introduction and implementation of end-to-end technologies within main educational processes.
How the Judgement Effective? The Role of United Nations in Conflict Resolution Between Palestine and Israel
Authors: Millenio Muhammad Fauzan
Published: October 2022

The conflict that still occurred between Palestine and Israel is one of the most complicated conflicts in the world, which even until modern times and human rights are increasingly held in high esteem today, the conflict has not yet come to light and cannot be resolved. If in total, even up to millions of victims died due to the conflict both from the parties involved and even the civilian population ranging from toddlers to the elderly. This has invited the sympathy and attention of various countries in the world. However, due to complexity of the conflict, countries on the world that want to help resolve the conflict have not been able to help and contribute optimally. Even the UN, which is a world peace organization, is not yet able to work optimally. Many people accuse that the main cause is the United States. The United States considered to be the mastermind behind the conflict so that the conflict has not been resolved to date. The United States which is an ally of Israel always makes various efforts that are precisely considered beneficial to Israel. Even though they are criticized by various countries, because of their power it does not make America afraid and even stays strong so that countries that condemn American actions cannot do big things as a form of change in accordance with their wishes.
Constitutionality of Implementing Asymmetric Lockdown (Regional Quarantine) When Covid-19 Increases to Accelerate Health Emergency Management
Authors: Fauzia Ana , Al Khori Bayu Yusya Uwaiz , Rahayu Puji
Published: October 2022

The constitution is the basis for all the space for a country to move, whether the country is in normal or abnormal conditions. It based on the constitution as the basic norm that is the highest guideline for a country. In the case of an abnormal state, Posner explains that there is flexibility needed to deal with abnormal conditions in the constitution. Indonesia declared the country's status in a health emergency based on Presidential Decree Number 11 of 2020 on the Determination of a Corona Virus Disease Public Health Emergency and Government Regulation In Lieu Of Law Number 1 of 2020 on State Financial Policy and Financial System Stability for Handling the Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic and/or In Facing Threats That Endanger the National Economy and/or Financial System Stability that cause the economy to decline and conflict in society. The government is faced with policy choices in dealing with this Covid. In Indonesia, the real meaning of lockdown is regional quarantine. The area quarantine itself is regulated in Law Number 6 of 2018 on Health Quarantine (Health Quarantine Law). Although Indonesia has been able to adapt to Covid-19, it is possible that in the future there will be a genetic mutation of this virus, causing an increase in the spread of Covid-19. Therefore, before there is a spike in Covid-19 in the future, it must be clear in the division of authority both in the central government and regional governments regarding the lockdown (regional quarantine).
Chylous effusions in advanced medullary thyroid cancer patients treated with selpercatinib
Authors: Prete Alessandro , Gambale Carla , Cappagli Virginia , Bottici Valeria , Rossi Piercarlo , Caciagli Marco , Papini Piermarco , Taddei Donatella , Ortori Simona , Gabbrielli Luciano , Celi Alessandro , Materazzi Gabriele , Elisei Rossella , Matrone Antonio
Published: October 2022

Objective

Selpercatinib is a highly selective RET-inhibitor drug, approved for the treatment of RET-altered lung and thyroid cancers. So far, RET-altered medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) patients treated with selpercatinib showed a remarkable objective response rate and safety profile. However, new treatment emerging adverse events (TEAEs) have been recently reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, features, and clinical management of effusions that are one of these TEAEs.

Design

Around 10 of 11 patients with advanced MTC enrolled in the LIBRETTO-201 clinical trial at Endocrinology Unit of the Pisa University Hospital were evaluated for the presence and management of effusions.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated MTC patients treated with selpercatinib. The presence of pleural, pericardial, abdominal, and/or pelvic effusions was evaluated by reviewing the computerized tomography scan performed during the study protocol and up to 24 months of observation.

Results

All but one MTC patient experienced previous multikinase inhibitors treatment. Three patients already had effusions before starting selpercatinib treatment. New effusions appeared in eight of ten (80%) patients during the treatment. A chylous nature was documented in patients who underwent fluid aspiration. Whenever a dose reduction was performed, a significant positive effect was observed.

Conclusions

Chylous effusions are a new TEAE of selpercatinib treatment. They can appear or worsen at any time during the treatment. For cases with asymptomatic and mild effusions, active surveillance may be appropriate and safe. In symptomatic and/or moderate/severe cases, aspiration of the fluid and a dose reduction can improve this AE, strongly supporting a cause-effect correlation with selpercatinib.

Significance statement

Effusions, particularly of chylous nature, represent emergent and quite frequent adverse events in the management of patients affected by advanced MTC on treatment with the highly selective inhibitor selpercatinib. In this study, we evaluated, in a series of MTC patients treated with selpercatinib, the prevalence of pleural, pericardial, abdominal, and/or pelvic effusions. Insights into the diagnosis and treatment of the effusions are provided as well as suggestions for clinical management.
Asociaciones de bibliotecarios en Cuba: análisis histórico de su surgimiento en 1936
Authors: Paz Enrique Luis Ernesto , Frías Guzmán Maylín
Published: October 2022

The proliferation of professional library associations in Cuba takes place in the 1930s as part of the nation's incorporation into the global movement. From a review of the published scientific literature, it was possible to identify the absence of sources dedicated to the analysis of associations of library professionals in Cuba. Objectives: to examine the main library associations in Cuba from the 1930s to the present. Methods: the study presented here is classified as descriptive. To obtain results, methods were applied at the theoretical and empirical levels, fundamentally the documentary analysis. He highlighted the technique of social network analysis for the visualization of results.
As main results, the associations of library professionals in Cuba from 1936 to te presenten were described. The principles of the Cuban Association of Librarians were established, an organization that currently brings together professionals in the sector. Conclusions: the professional librarian associations that emerged in Cuba from 1930 to 1959 had little legal and governmental support. In 1986 the Cuban Association of Librarians was founded under the acronym ASCUBI and it is the organization that currently brings together information professionals in Cuba. Among the directives of the associations, personalities such as María Teresa Freyre de Andrade and Emilio Setién Quesada stood out.
Fortalecimiento del vínculo entre la EBDI y los graduados de la carrera de bibliotecología y gestión de la información de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Montero Bustabad Pedro
Published: October 2022

The objective of this research is to strengthen the link between the Escuela de Bibliotecología, Documentación e Información (EBDI) de la Universidad Nacional of Costa Rica and the graduates of the career using different resources and strategies. This study had a quantitative approach and was descriptive; the data collection was done through a digital questionnaire applied to 189 graduates, of which 105 answered the instrument.

As main results and conclusions of this research, it is possible to highlight the achievement and organization of the updated contact data of the graduates to facilitate the communication and linkage of both parties. Likewise the need for a continuous professional updating plan for these people that considers the topics of interest that were identified and the determination of a series of aspects that this School must take into account for the realization of strategic alliances in order to facilitate new initiatives that strengthen both academic training and the joint realization of projects according to the interests of both the graduates of the Career and the EBDI.
FEATURES OF TRANSIENTS IN SECOND-ORDER CIRCUITS WITH A NONLINEAR MODEL OF SPARK-EROSION LOAD UNDER CONDITIONS OF FORCED LIMITATION OF THEIR DURATION
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Shydlovska N.A. , Zakharchenko S.M. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Cherkaskyi O.P. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: October 2022

In the Mathlab Simulink software environment a model of a second-order discharge-pulse system with a nonlinear de-scription of the equivalent electrical resistance of a spark-erosion load was created. Under conditions of forced limita-tion of the duration of discharge pulses for a series of values of the inductance and capacitance of the discharge circuit, as well as the initial conditions in them, transients in the system are calculated. In groups of modes with fixed values of the initial voltage on the working capacitor and in groups of modes with fixed values of voltage amplitude of the free discharges on load, the dependences on duration of the discharge pulses of their energy, pulse power in the load, and the rate of its change are plotted and analyzed. It is shown that in both groups of modes for each set of parameter val-ues of: the duration of the discharge pulses, the capacitance of the working capacitor and the initial voltage on it, there is a value of the inductance of the discharge circuit, which provides the highest values of the rate of change of the pulse power in the load. In the groups of modes with fixed values of the voltage amplitude of free discharges on the load, for the set of parameters described above, there are also values of the discharge circuit inductance that provide the highest values of energy and pulse power in the load. For three values of the inductance of the discharge circuit, the problems of increasing the above pulse parameters are graphically solved. References 27, figures 11.
ANALYSIS OF PROCESSES IN A CUK CONVERTER WITH ISOLATED STRUCTURE USING THE AVERAGING METHOD
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Rudenko Yu.V.
Published: October 2022

The processes in the Cook converter with an isoted transformer have been studied using the averaging method based on Lagrange's theorems in the mode of continuous currents and voltages in accumulating reactive elements. A mathematical model of the device based on relative variables is developed. Based on the developed model, analytical relations were obtained for the calculation of current ripple in the input and output chokes, as well as the voltage in the storage capacitors. Analytical dependences have been developed to determine the maximum values of currents and voltages in the switching elements of the converter in the entire switching range, which allows to reasonably select these elements of the device with acceptable parameters at the design stage. It is shown that neglecting the leakage inductance of the isolated transformer in the Cook converter when using expressions based on the developed mathematical model within certain limits of the transformation coefficient greatly simplifies their analytical appearance and use and does not lead to significant (more than 4-5%) deviations in calculation accuracy. References 10, figures 3.
SPECIFICATION OF DETERMINATION THE INDUCTION MOTOR TORQUE BY THE MAGNETIC CORE MODES IN THE SATURATED AREA
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Popovych O.M. , Golovan І.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: October 2022

The error value of the formula for calculating the electromagnetic moment under the assumption of equality of magnetic energies and coenergies has been investigated under the operation conditions of induction motor (IM) the magnetic core in the saturated region. For serial motors, under nominal conditions, the error does not exceed 5%, with a voltage increase of 75%, the error increases to 40%. The specified value of the electromagnetic moment is determined by calculating the value of the integral dependences of the magnetic coenergy on the angle of the rotor rotation in the process of calculating the dynamic mode of attenuation the currents in the windings. To improve the efficiency of refined calculation method of the electromagnetic moment, the dependence of the correction coefficient in the Magneto-Motive Forse (MMF) function of the motor is proposed for use. The use of this pre-determined dependence significantly speeds up refined calculations. The substantiation of the results reliability of the refined definition of electromagnetic moment without the assumption of the equality of magnetic energies and coenergies is carried out by comparing the results of the nominal operating modes caculation of serial motors with two and six poles, which have a significant difference in the degree of saturation. References 17, tables 2, figures 2.
POWER COMPENSATION MODES RESEARCH IN GENERALIZED ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM
Authors:   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, 25, str. Yaromlava Mudroho, Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine, Yagup V.G. , Yagup K.V. ,   National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute” 2, Kyrpychova str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the study of reactive power compensation modes //in a power supply system powered by a synchronous generator. This power remains in the system even after the application of transverse capacitor compensation, which is unable to provide full compensation of reactive power in the power supply system. Under these conditions, the optimal value of the parameter of the compensating capacitor was found on the computer model by the method of search optimization and the modes in the system with variations of the optimization criteria were investigated. References 16, figures 6.
GENERALIZED IDENTIFIER OF THE PRESENCE OF DISTORTIONS OF QUALITY OF ELECTRICITY
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Peremohy Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Voloshko A.V.
Published: October 2022

Development of measures to ensure the quality of electricity is possible only after assessing the actual state of electricity quality in all nodes of the electricity network. Therefore, the system of ensuring the required quality of electricity should be based on its monitoring system. An approach to building a real-time electricity quality monitoring system by developing a generalized identifier for the presence of electricity quality distortion regardless of its type is presented, time of occurrence and duration based on the construction of spatio-temporal distribution of the information signal and subsequent orthogonal analysis of frequency-temporal changes of its spectral components. This allows the creation of a system of real-time monitoring of electricity quality in contrast to existing methods, when using which the sequential processing of the measuring signal is carried out to determine certain indicators of the quality of electric energy, which makes it impossible to conduct it in real time. References 10, figures 2.
A FOUR TERMINAL AXIAL-BISHIELDED NETWORKS
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Mikhal O.O.
Published: October 2022

An impedance measurement object with an H-shaped four-terminal equivalent substitution circuit is considered. An error analysis was performed for sensors whose non-informative supply resistances are of the same order or exceed the measured impedance. A new definition of four-terminal impedance has been proposed, namely four-terminal axial be-shielded (FTABS) measuring object. Based on such new definition, the scheme of axial-bishielded bridges is proposed for precision measurement of temperature and electrolytic conductivity of liquids. Such bridges differ from the well-known coaxial bridges since the former ones have an additional circuit for equipotential protection, which is located between the flow circuits of direct and reverse currents. References 18, figures 7.
The Effect of Toxic Relationships in Friendship on The Psychological Well-Being of Islamic University Students
Authors: Rahimah Siti , Abidin Muhammad Zainal , Fadhila Mahdia
Published: October 2022

Good psychological well-being is characterized by individuals who have positive emotions and can go through difficult times that cause negative emotions to emerge. Data obtained from Riskesdas (Riset Kesehatan Dasar), in 2007 about 11.6% of the Indonesian population aged over 15 years showed emotional mental disorders characterized by symptoms of depression and anxiety. Then in 2018 the prevalence of emotional mental disorders again increased to around 9.8% (Idaiani & Isfandari, 2020). One of the factors that influence it is social support that comes from friends. Support from friends is not always positive, but also negative. Negative friends are referred to as toxic friends, namely friendships that are detrimental. The aims of this study are, (1) to describe the level of psychological well-being of Islamic University Students, (2) to describe the level of toxic relationships that occur in the circle of friends of Islamic University Students, and (3) to analyze the effect of toxic relationships on psychological well-being. to students of Islamic University Students. The method used for this research is simple regression. With a population of 11,000 people and a sample of 265 students aged 18-22 years. The results of this study are, (1) the level of psychological well-being in Islamic University Students is dominated by the very high category as many as 155 students with a percentage of 58.5%, (2) the level of toxic relationship among Islamic University Students is dominated by the low category as much as 140 students with a percentage of 52.8%, (3) there is an influence between variables toxic relationships and psychological well-being with effect level of 11.4%. Although it does not have a big influence, it is important for us to control a healthy friendship environment to maintain psychological well-being in ourselves.
Conflito territorial e a implantação dos vazios
Authors: Cerutti Saulo , Renk Arlene , Winckler Silvana Terezinha
Published: October 2022

Os conflitos sociais não podem ser objeto de análise temporal em descompasso com seus fenômenos criadores. A historicidade, os elementos culturais e identitários da comunidade são parte integrante do estudo dos conflitos humanos. Toma-se aqui o processo de colonização do oeste catarinense – Chapecó, especialmente – e a retomada das terras tradicionais pelas comunidades indígenas na demarcação da TI Toldo Chimbangue. Não é pretensão deste ensaio a reconstrução de detalhes históricos dos objetos de análise, mas a fricção dada pelos encontros culturas e o embate pela posse da terra. A identificação dos litigantes torna cristalina a percepção de que são vítimas do processo colonizatório e desenvolvimentista projetado pelo Estado brasileiro nos fins do século XIX e nas décadas que sucederam e que as comunidades afetadas, econômica ou culturalmente, não foram levadas em conta nas leituras progressistas.
Significant association between TaqI and FokI VDR gene polymorphisms and chronic spontaneous urticaria in a Colombian Caribbean population
Authors: Egea Eduardo , Fang Luis , Dominguez-Vargas Alex , Moreno-Woo Sofia , Serrano Carlos , García Elizabeth , Garavito De Egea Gloria
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is an inflammatory skin disease related to poor quality of life. Previous studies have found that vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D recep-tor (VDR) TaqI, BsmI, FokI, and ApaI gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence immune response and susceptibility to skin disorders.
Aim: To explore the role of VDR SNPs, and the association of vitamin D serum levels in a sample of Colombian Caribbean CSU patients.
Methods: It is a case-control study. A group of CSU patients (n = 100) was compared with healthy individuals as a control group (n = 100). VDR polymorphisms were genotyped by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Taqman® probes. Allelic, genotypic, and haplotype associations were estimated. Serum vitamin D levels were measured using enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay.
Results: Compared to the control group, the presence of G allele in TaqI and A allele in FokI SNPs of VDR gene was found to be a risk factor for CSU (odds ratio (OR) estimated using logistic regression adjusted by gender: 2.08 and 1.61, respectively, all P values < 0.05). The individuals who carry GCCA haplotype showed decrease in vitamin D levels (11.34 ng/mL; P = 0.002) with the G allele of TaqI and A allele of FokI gene SNPs.
Conclusion: We reported for the first time the association of TaqI [rs731236] and FokI [rs2228570] VDR gene SNPs showing as a risk factor for CSU in a sample of multiethnic patients from the Colombian Caribbean population.
Correcting Postural Deviations: An Evidence- Supported Shift in Paradigm
Authors: Schilling Jim , Lim Seung-Taek , Lee Eunjae
Published: October 2022

Somatic syndromes of the spinal region may develop secondary to postural dysfunction. Traditionally, emphasis has been placed on correcting postural asymmetries by attempting to change muscle-tendon unit length. The effectiveness of this approach in providing prolonged muscle-tendon unit length changes and optimal postural outcomes has met with controversy. The time has come for a redirection of goals in conservative care for postural dysfunction of the spinal regions. An emphasis needs to be placed on continuous, self-awareness training of postural correction that will facilitate lasting neuromuscular adaptations. The purpose of this review is to rationalize the need to veer from exercises attempting to adjust the muscle-tendon unit length and recognize the evidence-supported impact of simple self-correction strategies meant to facilitate neuromuscular adjustments and correct postural asymmetries.
Effects of Low Intensity Blood Flow Restriction Training on Muscle Volume, Strength and Power in Healthy Middle-Aged Females
Authors: Jeon Byeong Hwan
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of weight training with controlled blood flow occlusion compared to conventional resistance training, in the ageing population.METHODS Twenty-three healthy female subjects (aged 40-55) were randomly assigned to one of three groups; low intensity blood flow restriction training (LI-BFRT) (n = 9), conventional resistance training (RT) (n = 7) and control (CON) (n = 7). The RT group trained between 65-70% one repetition maximum (1RM) and the LI-BFRT group trained at 30% 1RM while wearing pressure cuffs inflated to 100-120% of brachial systolic blood pressure (bSBP). Relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/weight), isokinetic strength and power were tested pre and post 8 weeks of training.RESULTS Upper limb ASM/weight increased significantly in the LI-BFRT and RT groups (both p < 0.001). Only LI-BFRT showed significant difference compared with the CON group (p < 0.01). Lower limb ASM/weight improved in both the LI-BFRT (p < 0.01) and CON (p < 0.01) groups without group differences. Lower limb flexion strength increased in the LI-BFRT and RT groups (both p < 0.01), with differences between groups (p < 0.01, LI-BFRT > RT > CON). Only RT increased extension muscle strength (p < 0.05). Lower limb flexion and extension power improved following LI-BFRT (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively), significantly greater than RT in both flexion (p < 0.001) and extension (p < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS LI-BFRT may be as, if not more effective than RT for increasing muscle volume, strength and power in middle-aged women.
The Effect of Resist and Assist Torque of Hip Joint Motor-based Gait Assistance Robot on Gait Function in the Elderly
Authors: Jeon Hyung Gyu , Jung Kyunghwan , Kang Byungmun , Kim DaeEun , Lim Yun Mook , Kim Kwang Joon , Kim Chang Oh , Lee Hwang-Jae , Kim Kyungrock , Kim Yoon-Myung
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of assist and resistance torque on the spatiotemporal gait characteristics, and the symmetry and asymmetry of gait using a Gait Enhancing and Motivating System (GEMS) in the elderly.METHODS A cross-sectional and repeated measure design was used. A total of 18 participants (9 males, 9 females; age: 63.5 ± 5.02 years; mass: 64.26 ± 6.87 kg; height: 164.06 ± 7.15 cm) were recruited from a local community, and spatiotemporal gait data were collected with OptoGait system and GEMS. Spatiotemporal gait variables and differences between the dominant and non-dominant legs of these variables were assessed (step length, step time, stance phase, swing phase, single support, load response, pre swing phase, stride time, stride length, double support, cadence, and gait speed). The effects of three modes including normal, assist, and resist modes using GEMS were investigated twice for each participant on a 9-meter walkway. A one-way repeated measure analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni post-hoc tests was conducted.RESULTS The assist mode increased step time, swing phase, stride time and reduced stance phase, pre-swing phase, double support, cadence, and gait speed as compared to normal mode. The resist mode increased stance phase, load response, pre-swing phase, double support, cadence, and reduced step time, swing phase, and stride time. In dominant leg, assist mode showed increased step time and reduced pre-swing phase than normal mode, and greater step time than resist mode (p < 0.05). However, there was no effect of external torque on symmetry and asymmetry between both legs (p > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS The resistance and assist torque of GEMS alter spatiotemporal characteristics during the stance and swing phase of gait in the elderly. However, the resistance torque and assist torque of GEMS did not increase or decrease the gait asymmetry between the dominant and non-dominant legs.
Bearing capacity prediction of strip and ring footings embedded in layered sand
Authors: Das Pragyan Paramita , Khatri Vishwas N.
Published: October 2022

A prediction model for the bearing capacity estimation of strip and ring footing embedded in layered sand is proposed using soft computing approaches, namely, artificial neural network (ANN) and random forest regression (RFR). The required data for the model preparation were generated by performing lower- and upper-bound finite-elements limit analysis by varying the properties of the top and bottom layers. Two types of layered sand conditions are considered in the study: (a) dense on loose sand; (b) loose on dense sand. The investigation for strip footing was carried out by varying the thickness of the top layer, embedment depth of the foundation and friction angles of top and bottom layers. For a ring footing, the internal-to-external diameter ratio forms an additional variable. In total, 1222 and 4204 data sets were generated for strip and ring footings, respectively. The performance measures obtained during the training and testing phase suggest that the RFR model outperforms the ANN. Also, following the literature, an analytical model was developed to predict the bearing capacity of strip footing on layered sand. The ANN and the generated analytical model predictions agreed with the published experimental data in the literature.
Drivers for implementing design for safety in construction: a review
Authors: Chellappa Vigneshkumar , Gunasekaran Angelin Lincy
Published: October 2022

Design for safety is a prominent means of preventing fatalities and injuries at construction workplaces. This concept has recently gained much attention among construction safety domain researchers. A study was undertaken to explore the key drivers for implementing design for safety in construction and to identify research trends. Eighty-four journal articles published by 2020 were extracted from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The influential keywords, articles, sources and authors in the field of design for safety were examined. According to the findings, most of the studies focused on the context of designer knowledge, skill and education. Although the literature suggests that client legislation, influence and motivation were important drivers for implementing design for safety, there was limited research on these areas. The study can help academics and practitioners to understand better the key drivers for implementing design for safety in construction.
Testing pile foundations at the ETH Zurich drum centrifuge: recent developments
Authors: Sakellariadis Lampros , Bleiker Ernst , Iten Markus , Buschor Heinz , Kieper Andreas , Herzog Ralf , Marin Alexandru , Adamidis Orestis , Anastasopoulos Ioannis
Published: October 2022

Motivated by the need to develop rational design methods for the retrofit of existing bridges on pile groups, this paper introduces recent experimental developments at the ETH Zurich drum centrifuge in Switzerland. Four set-ups are developed for vertical, pushover, combined and vibration testing. Their capabilities and limitations are demonstrated using as an example a 2 × 1 pile group on dense saturated sand. Single piles are subjected to vertical loading, exploring the role of installation effects and interface roughness. Pushover loading is employed to measure the moment capacity [Formula: see text] of a lightly and a heavily loaded group. In contrast to intuitive expectations, the heavily loaded system mobilises larger [Formula: see text]. The developed combined loading apparatus is proof-tested for a shallow foundation. Combined loading under constant vertical load is conducted to derive failure envelopes, revealing significant coupling between lateral and moment loading, and confirming the expansion of the failure envelope with increasing static vertical load. The vibration testing set-up is proof-tested, confirming the possibility of identifying the natural frequency of the system and the small-strain stiffness of the foundation through non-destructive testing. Although the study is fuelled by the ongoing work on pile groups, the developed experimental set-ups are of general applicability for the study of deep and shallow foundation systems.
Carbon nanotubes intercalated by metal atoms with impurity boron atoms as a basis for creating nanowires: theoretical research
Authors: Boroznin S. V. , Zaporotskova I. V. , Zaporotskov P. A. , Boroznina N. P. , Govindhasamy M. , Kozhitov L. V. , Popkova A. V.
Published: October 2022

Carbon nanotubes are one of the currently sought after nanotechnology materials. But the issue of controlling their physicochemical properties, in particular, for creating nanowires by intercalating metal atoms in them, has not yet been fully studied. In this case, there is an effective way to control the electronic energy characteristics — the introduction of impurity atoms. Boron is the most effective among this class of substituting elements. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to study the possibility of internal filling of carbon nanotubes with impurity boron atoms with various metal atoms and to determine the role of its concentration on the phenomena occurring in this case. Using the density functional theory, a model experiment was carried out on the introduction into the cavity of a nanotube of aluminum atoms, as well as alkali metals - lithium, sodium and potassium. The model experiment showed that in all cases the formation of a stable adsorption complex takes place, which can be considered as a model of a nanowire with multiple filling with atoms between the nanotube and metal atoms. At the same time, it was found that during the formation of complex compounds “nanotube — metal atom”, the electron density is redistributed in the system, namely, it is shifted from the B atoms of the metals to the surface of the nanotube, which leads to the formation of additional charge carriers transferred from the donor. Also, an analysis of the electron-energy structure made it possible to establish that the band gap for BC3 nanotubes narrows during the intercalation of metal atoms. This conclusion is extremely important for the needs of nanoelectronics, since it makes it possible to predict the more efficient use of carbon nanotubes with a higher concentration of impurity boron atoms to create nanodevices due to the appearance in them of conducting properties that are different from pure nanostructures, which are expressed in the appearance of additional charge carriers.
Curaduría y potencial de investigación de la colección herpetológica del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
Authors: Serna Botero Vanessa , Ramírez Castaño Viviana Andrea
Published: October 2022

La Universidad de Caldas cuenta con una colección biológica desde 1975, constituida por ejemplares de diferentes grupos de invertebrados y vertebrados, de la cual se han derivado diversas investigaciones y procesos de enseñanza en distintas áreas de la biología. A pesar de este gran potencial, el estado de la colección se ha visto comprometido por factores que a lo largo del tiempo han afectado su vida útil y preservación. Por esta razón, el objetivo de esta investigación consistió en el mejoramiento de las condiciones de acopio de los especímenes de las colecciones de anfibios y reptiles registrados en el Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de Caldas (MHN-UC), hasta diciembre de 2013, bajo estándares nacionales. En ambas colecciones se realizó curaduría de los ejemplares, aplicando los principios de conservación preventiva, y la actualización de la información asociada a cada ejemplar en bases de datos y catálogos físicos. Se evaluó su estado, empleando el índice de salud (ISC) y las prioridades de gestión para colecciones biológicas, al igual que se determinó el porcentaje de identificación taxonómica de los especímenes. Los 761 anfibios en colección se agrupan en 13 familias, 34 géneros y 88 especies; de los cuales el 82,5 % de los especímenes están identificados hasta nivel específico. En esta colección se curaron 760 ejemplares, cuyo ISC fue de 85,5 % para 2014. La colección de reptiles cuenta con 256 especímenes pertenecientes a 14 familias, 44 géneros y 74 especies, todos del orden Squamata; de los cuales el 84,4 % están identificados hasta especie. En esta colección se curaron 254 ejemplares, cuyo ISC fue de 85,8 % para 2014. Teniendo en cuenta el potencial de información que reposa en las dos colecciones se espera promover actividades de educación e investigación científica a través de estos ejemplares, algunas veces olvidados, como una fuente de información para los estudios de biodiversidad en Colombia principalmente para la ecorregión andina.
Estructura poblacional de dos especies de Dichotomius Hope, 1838 (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEINAE) en un paisaje cafetero de los andes occidentales de Colombia, Risaralda
Authors: Villada Bedoya Sebastián , Cultid Medina Carlos A.
Published: October 2022

Los escarabajos coprófagos son un grupo de insectos ampliamente reconocido como indicador ecológico de perturbación antrópica, por lo cual cuentan con una gran cantidad de información a nivel de los ensamblajes. En contraste, aún son escasos los estudios a nivel poblacional y apenas se ha empezado a entender cómo la fragmentación y transformación de sus hábitats afecta la estructura y dinámica de las poblaciones de Scarabaeinae. En este trabajo se examinaron algunos aspectos sobre la estructura poblacional de dos especies de Scarabaeinae típicas del paisaje cafetero en los Andes occidentales de Colombia (Dichotomius cf. satanas y D. cf. alyattes). Entre agosto de 2010 y febrero de 2011, en dos localidades cafeteras de Risaralda, se instalaron seis transectos de ecotono cada uno compuesto por 15 trampas de caída no letales cebadas con una mezcla de excremento humano y cerdo. Cada mes las trampas estuvieron activas durante 48 horas, con revisión cada 24 horas. En cada revisión los especímenes de ambas especies se marcaron con el método de perforaciones en los élitros. Se marcaron 1723 individuos, de los cuales 73 fueron recapturados (43 de D. cf. alyattes y 30 de D. cf. satanas). El tamaño poblacional estimado fue diferente entre especies y localidades, así como la densidad promedio osciló entre 26,4 y 172,2 ind/km². Ambas especies presentaron una proporción de los sexos similar (∼1:1) y mostraron diferencias en sus preferencias de hábitat: D. cf. satanas tendió a mantenerse en el interior del bosque; mientras que D. cf. alyattes usa de forma extensiva el ecotono bosque – café de sol.
Una nueva especie de Altopedaliodes Forster, 1964 (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE: SATYRINAE) de la cuenca alta del río Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Henao Bañol Efraín Reinel , Páez Andrés , Rodríguez M. José Vicente
Published: October 2022

Provisionalmente se propone una nueva especie para el género Altopedaliodes Forster, 1964, con base en ejemplares colectados en el proyecto "Diversidad de mariposas de la cuenca alta del río Bogotá". La especie propuesta es simpátrica con Altopedaliodes cocytia cocytia (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) y Altopedaliodes nebris (Thieme, 1905), siendo propia de la región subpáramo y páramo en la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia.
Integración de enemigos naturales para el control de Diatraea busckella Dyar & Heinrich (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE) en caña panelera
Authors: Rivera Escobar Víctor Héctor Manuel , Soto Giraldo Alberto
Published: October 2022

Diatraea busckella es considerada la plaga más limitante del cultivo de caña panelera en el municipio de Supia (Colombia), causando grandes pérdidas en la producción. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de los parasitoides Trichogramma exiguum, lydella minense, Billaea claripalpis, Cotesia flavipes, del hongo B. bassiana y la bacteria B. thuringiensis var. Kurstaki para el control de esta plaga. En las parcelas donde se realizó la liberación y aplicación de los enemigos naturales se encontró una intensidad de infestación de la plaga de 0,57 %, mientras que en la parcela testigo fue de 4,17 %. Los biocontroladores utilizados se presentan como alternativa para el control de la plaga.
Una nueva especie de Pharneuptychia Forster, 1964 del área natural única los estoraques -Norte de Santander, Colombia- (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE: SATYRINAE)
Authors: Henao Bañol Efraín Reinel , Meneses Luis Hernando
Published: October 2022

Se describe una nueva especie para el género Pharneuptychia Forster, 1964 con base en ejemplares colectados en el proyecto “Caracterización de la entomofauna del Área Natural Única Los Estoraques (ANULE)”. La especie propuesta es hasta el momento propia del área de estudio, sin embargo, varias especies similares no descritas son encontradas en cercanías hacia el límite con el departamento de Santander y zonas limítrofes con Venezuela. Esta especie es propia de áreas abiertas del Bosque seco en la provincia de Ocaña, Norte de Santander, Colombia.
Sphaeropthalma pinedai sp. nov.: primer registro de un mutílido braquíptero para américa del sur (HYMENOPTERA: MUTILLIDAE)
Authors: Cambra Roberto A. , Quintero A. Diomedes
Published: October 2022

Sphaeropthalma pinedai sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae), especie endémica de Chile, se describe e ilustra de ambos sexos. S. pinedai representa el primer registro para América del Sur de una especie de Mutillidae con machos braquípteros. Se presenta un listado de especies de Mutillidae en América con machos braquípteros o ápteros.
Diversidad de escorpiones (CHELICERATA) en el departamento del Atlántico, Colombia
Authors: Sará C. Eider , Flórez D. Eduardo , Martínez H. Neis
Published: October 2022

Se determinó la variación de la diversidad de escorpiones en siete fragmentos de Bosque Seco Tropical (BST) en el departamento del Atlántico. Los métodos de captura utilizados fueron cernido de hojarasca, agitación de follaje y captura manual nocturna con luz UV. En cada transecto se realizó un esfuerzo de dos noches y tres días. Se recolectaron 516 ejemplares representados en siete especies, seis géneros y tres familias (Buthidae, Chactidae y Hormuridae). Buthidae fue la más diversa y abundante con cuatro géneros, cinco especies y 486 individuos, destacándose la especie Tityus (Archaeotityus) tayrona cuya presencia fue constante en todos los fragmentos. El fragmento de bosque de la Reserva Campesina La Sierra (R.C.S) presentó la mayor diversidad con seis especies, seis géneros y tres familias, lo cual se debe posiblemente a la oferta de recursos y microhábitats. Con los resultados se logra ampliar el área de distribución de las especies T. (Atreus) aff. asthenes y Chactas brevicaudatus, además se encontró que en el departamento está representado el 60% de las familias y el 42,8% de los géneros registrados para Colombia, lo que indica que los relictos de BST en este departamento mantienen una fauna importante de los escorpiones registrados para Colombia.
Diversidad de las moscas de las frutas (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) y sus parasitoides en siete municipios del departamento de Nariño
Authors: Cruz B. María Isabel , Bacca Tito , Canal Nelson A.
Published: October 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo fue contribuir al conocimiento de la diversidad de moscas de las frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) y de sus enemigos naturales en el departamento de Nariño. Se colectaron 14.005 frutos correspondientes a 16 especies de plantas hospederas, pertenecientes a 10 familias botánicas (Rubiaceae, Rosaceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae, Rutaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Annonaceae, Solanaceae y Caricaceae), de las cuales todas presentaron infestación por moscas de las frutas o parasitoides, a excepción de la familia Annonaceae. Las especies de moscas de las frutas recuperadas en este estudio correspondieron a Anastrepha complejo fraterculus, Anastrepha striata, Anastrepha obliqua, Anastrepha grandis y Ceratitis capitata, especies conocidas por su polifagia y gran capacidad de adaptación. Se obtuvieron 242 individuos, pertenecientes a siete especies de parasitoides: DoryctoBracon crawfordi, DoryctoBracon zeteki, Utetes Anastrephae, Microcrasis sp., Bracon sp., Torymus sp., e Ichneumonidae sp.1. Los parasitoides se obtuvieron de nueve hospederos correspondientes a café, guayaba, níspero, hobo, feijoa, naranja, mango, durazno y guama. La mayor frecuencia de ocurrencia de parasitoides se presentó en DoryctoBracon crawfordi, con valores de 84,1, 76,7 y 40% en café, guayaba y hobo, respectivamente. Utetes Anastrephae obtuvo porcentajes de 5,7 y 60% en café y hobo. También se presentó parasitismo en moscas presentes en las familias botánicas Rubiaceae, Rosaceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae y Rutaceae.
Seed dormancy and germination of two cultivated species of Passifloraceae
Authors: Torres G. Alba Marina
Published: October 2022

Colombia is the country with the highest number of species of Passiflora in the world and most species have edible fruits and are cultivated. This investigation aims to better understand the range of seed dormancy exhibited in the fleshy fruits of Passifloraceae species, and to determine how to break this dormancy efficiently and reliably. Thus, in this investigation seed germination of Passiflora edulis and P. maliformis were studied. Seeds were extracted, conditioned, dried and scarified. Several chemical pre-treatments were applied (e.g. GA3 500, 1000, 2000 ppm, KNO3 1%, KNO3 1.5% - KH2PO4 1.5%). Illuminated germinators were used with constant temperature (i.e. 25, 30 ºC) and alternate temperature (i.e. 15/25, 15/30, 19/33, 20/30, 20/35 ºC). Germination was recorded as radicle protrusion. Removing the seed aril with water allowed a clean germination test in both species. For P. edulis the greatest germination was obtained at 20/30 ºC, while the poorest germination was found at constant temperature. Manuallyscarifi ed seeds provided the most rapid germination in all temperatures. For P. maliformis the highest germination was obtained for non-manually scarifi ed seeds treated with boiling water and tested at 20/35 ºC. Pre-treatment with GA3 or KNO3 did not promote germination in both species. It is concluded that seeds of P. edulis and P. maliformis have physical dormancy. Scarifying seeds of Passiflora spp. enabled the water potential of the embryo to increase and for seeds to germinate. Meanwhile, the chemical pre-treatmeant of seeds showed no additional benefit. Thus, physiological dormancy does not occur, and physical barriers are the only factor preventing germination of viable seeds of the two Passiflora species studied.