bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organization of Inventive Activity of Schoolchildren in Network Interaction
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Usoltsev Alexander P. , Shamalo Tamara N. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University, Novoselov Sergey A. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2024

The relevance is related to the need to develop engineering innovative thinking of schoolchildren based on inventive, technical activities. The hypothesis of the study is as follows: the organization of inventive activity of schoolchildren is advisable, taking into account the principles of thinking development and on the basis of a network association of schoolchildren for an event related to invention. The novelty lies in the justification of the need for network interaction in the organization of schoolchildren’s inventive activities; in highlighting the possibilities of network interaction to take into account the principles of thinking development. The principle of subjectivity is associated with the need to develop conscious human self-regulation; the principle of clarity is to highlight the essential aspects of the subject of study for the correct and rapid formation of the required concept; the principle of normality determines the need for the formation of norms, patterns, algorithms of mental activity; the principle of consistency is aimed at forming connections between concepts, eventually forming cognitive-representative structures of thinking; the principle of creativity is aimed at developing imagination, the main condition for its implementation is the creation of a creative environment; the principle of complementarity is associated with the use of dichotomous models in the educational process, dialectically mutually exclusive and complementary to each other for a holistic understanding of the studied object. Research methods are analysis of scientific and methodological literature, organization of networking in education and the experience of organizing schoolchildren’s inventive activities, observation, interview with participants of various events related to children’s invention, analysis of the practice of such events. The practical results of the work are determined by the organization of mass events for schoolchildren, which require their active communication within the framework of the interaction of various subjects of the educational process, possible in a network format: Engineering Olympiad, Tournament of Young Inventors, Ural-Innova Young Inventors competition. As a result, the following research results have been obtained: it is most advisable to create the organization of schoolchildren’s inventive activities in the network interaction with centers at universities. The development of thinking should be considered as the goal of this activity; the methodological basis of this activity are the principles of thinking development. Keywords: networking, principles of thinking development, inventive activity, technical creativity, additional education
Formation of Future Teachers’ Digital Literacy in the Digital Educational Environment of a Pedagogical College
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Desnenko Svetlana I. , Pakhomova Tatyana E. ,   Chita pedagogical college
Published: October 2024

In the era of digital transformation of education, the roles and functions of the teacher are changing, there is a need to update the skills to adapt to new technologies, integrate digital tools into the educational process, develop digital literacy and digital competencies. In this regard, the article updates the problem of training modern teachers who are digitally literate and are able to effectively use digital resources to enrich the educational experience of students. The authors have developed and presented a structural and functional model for the formation of digital literacy of a future teacher, which includes a digital educational environment based on the introduction and use of digital educational content, various digital technologies, and specialized equipment for the educational process. It has been revealed that for the greatest effect of implementing the presented model, it is necessary to use active and interactive methods and forms of learning when integrating formal, non-formal and informal education within the digital educational environment. The study was conducted with students of the following specialties: Preschool education, Special preschool education, Teaching in primary grades, Pedagogy of additional education. The article presents the experience of developing digital skills, which are part of digital literacy, among future teachers within the framework of the modern digital educational environment of a pedagogical college, where today the learning process is built taking into account the requirements of modern standards and on the basis of PBL of the federal project “Professionalitet”. The results of the study made it possible to highlight the main aspects of the effective implementation of digital technologies in the learning process of students as future teachers in the digital educational environment of a pedagogical college and showed an improvement in the dynamics of the formation of digital literacy levels among future teachers. Keywords: digital literacy, digital educational environment, digital educational content, future teacher, pedagogical college
Surgical Premaxilla Reposition and Secondary Bone Grafting in a Children with Complete Bilateral Trans-Foramen Cleft Lip and Palate: a Case Report
Authors: Manieri Patricia Rubia , Reis Nayara de Oliveira dos , Moura Camila Dias de , Sebastiani Aline Monise , Klüppel Leandro Eduardo , Scariot Rafaela
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study is to report the clinical case of a child with complete bilateral trans-foramen CLP who underwent surgical repositioning of the premaxilla with internal rigid fixation and a secondary bone grafting. The boy was following by different specialists since five days of life, being subjected to the entire surgical protocol to close the lip and palate. At 9 years old it was proposed surgical premaxilla reposition and, in a second surgery, a bone grafting in the alveolar process. After a virtual planning, surgery was performed under general anesthesia. The access was performed maintaining the vestibular pedicle of premaxilla, and after remove the interferences at the vomer and maxilla, premaxilla was fixed with titanium plates and screws. Six months after, fixation material was removed and the remaining gaps were grafted with iliac bone. After 21 months of the first surgery, the patient presents a good anteroposterior positioning of the maxilla and lip seal and, those responsible for the patient, reported an improvement in the patient's quality of life, with improvements mainly in speech, chewing and the patient's social life.
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Danilyan Oleg , Dzoban Olexander
Published: October 2024

The article considers the development of international cooperation in the field of environmental protection in the historical aspect. The genesis of the emergence of environmental problems and their assessment by the scientific community are analyzed. The historical stages of the formation of the system of international legal environmental protection, its goals, principles and main tasks are examined. Particular attention is paid to international, regional and bilateral treaties that regulate international cooperation in the field of environmental protection. The role of the United Nations in this process is focused. The place of international organizations in solving environmental problems is shown.
THREAT – DAMAGE – PROTECTION: ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF RHIZOMORPHOUS REALITY
Authors: Meliakova Yuliia , Kovalenko Inna , Kalnytskyi Eduard
Published: October 2024

This study contains an ontological analysis of the subject’s existence in the realities of an open, unstable, heterogeneous space, requiring from him new abilities and qualities that will allow him to survive and adapt. The traumatic social experience of the present generation is reflected in the triad of anthropological aspects of its hybrid existence: threat - damage - protection. The threat appears as permanent. The damage is expressed in a person's loss of identity, sociality and subjectivity. Protection correlates with physicality, mobility and nomadism.
IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY ON THE FUNCTIONING OF TRADITIONAL POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Kozma Vasyl , Komarova Olga
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the impact of artificial intelligence technology on the functioning of traditional political institutions in terms of their performance of specific functions. Special attention is paid to the risks and threats that arise today for the Ukrainian state in matters of guaranteeing national security. It is emphasized that the development of artificial intelligence technology significantly increases these threats, particularly in the information field. An analysis of expert assessments and political statements regarding the importance of controlling the use of new technology is provided. The potential possibilities of using artificial intelligence algorithms in the political sphere are indicated.
FROM POLITICAL LEADERSHIP TO THE CRIMINALIZATION OF THE STRIKE ON THE STATE RAILWAYS. DECREE 1,157 GENERAL LAW OF RAILWAYS (1889-1931)
Authors: Lasnibat Felipe Rodolfo Vergara
Published: October 2024

The Chilean State Railway Company implemented regulations aligned with the liberal world's political circumstances. Key laws included the State Railway Police Law (1863) and State Railway Administration Law (1868), amended multiple times. These regulations aimed at effective management, prioritizing good service, probity, and efficiency. Labor protests from the late 19th to early 20th centuries prompted regulatory adjustments.
THE PROBLEM OF VIOLENCE IN THE ANCIENT CULTURAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITION
Authors: Danilyan Oleg , Dzoban Olexander
Published: October 2024

The article attempts to trace the key points of view on the problem of violence in the philosophical views of the most famous thinkers of European antiquity. It is shown that in the system of social relations, violence in its pure form plays the role of the oldest and most primitive way of resolving the objectively existing conflict of interests of the participants of the social process. The nature of the conflict is rooted in the actual inequality of one subject to another, which finds its fullest expression in the inequality of the needs of individuals. It is substantiated that violence becomes a legal regulator of public interests when the extent of its use in society is recognized by the majority. It is shown that in the context of the development of ancient philosophy, the problem of violence was considered mainly in connection with the socio-political teachings of the classics of Greek philosophy, as well as within the framework of moral discourse. The phenomenon of violence was not tolerated by representatives of ancient philosophy as a separate problem worthy of consideration.
CONFLICT COMMUNICATIVE BEHAVIOR IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kapustina Nadiya
Published: October 2024

The article describes the features of the conflictual communicative behavior of agents of the modern digital environment. Such an environment guarantees a person new opportunities in the field of communication, which, on the one hand, opens up new freedoms for him, and on the other – new forms of conflicts. It was found that conflict communication occurs in various types of aggression and violence, the most famous of which are analyzed in detail: cyberbullying, hating, trolling, grifting, etc.
THE WORLDVIEW SENSE OF GENDER INEQUALITY: PHILOSOPHICAL–LEGAL DIMENSION
Authors: Dotsenko Yevhen
Published: October 2024

The worldview aspects of gender inequality are analyzed. The content of gender myths, gender stereotypes, and gender identification as the foundation of gender inequality is determined. Legal mechanisms for overcoming gender inequality are elucidated. Using foundational legislative acts of the EU as examples, the orientation of the Western community towards overcoming gender inequality in political, economic, and social life is demonstrated.
APPLICATION OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS FOR THE STUDY OF MODERN PUBLIC POLICY
Authors: Kobylnyk Vasyl
Published: October 2024

The article identifies the peculiarities of choosing a methodology for researching public policy. It is substantiated that comparative analysis can become a method that will allow to study a topic in depth, track dynamic changes and adapt to them. The factors influencing policy making are investigated. The list of limitations and requirements for the effective use of comparative analysis in the context of public policy research is determined.
INFORMATION WARFARE: ESSENCE AND FEATURES (END OF THE 20TH BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY)
Authors: Kundeus Oksana , Vivchar Inna , Kret Olga
Published: October 2024

The scientific research highlights the problem of the growth and formation of the concept of information war at the border of the 20th and 21st centuries, which was caused by the end of the «Cold War» and the collapse of the bipolar system of international relations. The main approaches to defining the content of the concept of «information war», its principles and tasks are analyzed. Information warfare is defined as an integral part of ideological struggle.
Profile of Nandrolone-Based Anabolic Steroids Confiscated by Federal Police of Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Z. Schuviecersk Fabíola , R. Silva Maria Luiza , Baghdadi Ala , Wöhlke Jonathan Luiz , A. Freitas Fernando , T. Toci Aline
Published: October 2024

Anabolic steroids are often consumed by both amateur and professional sports practitioners with the aim of improving their performance and for the rapid gain of muscle mass. Nandrolone is one of the main steroids consumed and is, frequently, acquired illegally or from dubious sources, and this raises serious concerns regarding the quality of the products. This work sought to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluates oily, nandrolone-based anabolic steroids confiscated by the Federal Police Department, in the triple border (Paraguay-Brazil-Argentina, PY-BR-AR). For the quantitative study, we conducted a methodological validation analysis based on the application of solvent extraction and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). A total of 40 samples of nandrolone steroids (as described on the label) were thoroughly investigated. The results obtained showed that 90% of the samples analyzed contained the active ingredient but 67.5% of these samples exhibited concentrations below the values indicated on the label; these products are thus considered to be of low quality and their consumption may pose serious risks to the consumers. The findings of this study point to the importance of enforcing regulatory controls on the sale of anabolic steroids with a view to inhibiting the consumption of counterfeit drugs that can pose serious risks to the health of consumers.
Synthesis of Pyridines/Dihydropyridines via Hantzsch Reaction, Structure-activity Relationship and Interactions with Targets: A Review
Authors: Faizan Md , Kumar Rajnish , Mazumder Avijit , Salahuddin  , Tyagi Pankaj Kumar , Kapoor Bhupinder
Published: October 2024

Pyridines/Dihydropyridines is a basic 6-membered organic aza-heterocyclic compound that has garnered
the attention of many researchers in recent times. These molecules have been reported with a diverse
range of pharmacological activities like anti-coagulant, antileishmanial and anti-trypanosomal, antitubercular
agents, anti-microbial, antioxidant, HIV-1 protease inhibitors, anti-cancer, cardiovascular disease, etc. This
review article focuses on different protocols for the Hantzsch reaction using acid catalysts, metal catalysts, and
no catalysts for the synthesis of pyridine derivatives. The structure-activity relationship in relation to other biological
activities of various pyridine-containing drugs and their interaction with different targets (receptors) has
also been highlighted to provide a good understanding to researchers for future research on pyridines.
An Update on Clinically Evaluated Medicinal Plants for Psoriasis
Management
Authors: Ansari Ramin , Mehrabadi Mahkameh Moradi , Hosseini Mahnaz Sadat , Ghahartars Mehdi , Zarshenas Mohammad Mehdi
Published: October 2024

Psoriasis is a prevalent inflammatory disease affecting almost 0.5-5 % of the world population. Multiple treatment approaches have been developed to manage psoriasis so far. Although concerns exist in the long-term usage of conventional and biological agents in terms of safety, effectiveness, expensiveness, and tolerability, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a promising
point of view for future psoriasis management. In this study, databases including Scopus, PubMed,
Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched for relevant literature on herbal medications
clinically evaluated for psoriasis, especially those originating from traditional medicine. About 40
relevant papers were selected by March 2023. Most of the studies were clinical trials on poly-herbal
formulations from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). There are controversial results regarding the
efficacy of these herbal formulations in psoriasis mainly due to the variation in the study design.
Moreover, the probable protective mechanisms and responsible herbal metabolites of these formulations are summarized. There is a global need for more in-vitro and in-vivo studies based on the standard protocols in terms of the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of topical/ systemic herbal preparations for psoriasis.
Graph-Root: Prediction of Root-Associated Proteins in Maize, Sorghum, And Soybean Based on Graph Convolutional Network and Network Embedding Method
Authors: Zhou Bo , Liu Siyang , Chen Lei , Dai Qi
Published: October 2024

Background:

The root system plays an irreplaceable role in plant growth. Its improvement
can increase crop productivity. However, such a system is still mysterious for us. The underlying
mechanism has not been fully uncovered. The investigation on proteins related to the root system
is an important means to complete this task. In the previous time, lack of root-related proteins
makes it impossible to adopt machine learning methods for designing efficient models for the discovery
of novel root-related proteins. Recently, a public database on root-related proteins was set up
and machine learning methods can be applied in this field.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to design an efficient computational method to predict
root-associated proteins in three plants: maize, sorghum, and soybean.

Method:

In this study, we proposed a machine learning based model, named Graph-Root, for the
identification of root-related proteins in maize, sorghum, and soybean. The features derived from
protein sequences, functional domains, and one network were extracted, where the first type of features
were processed by graph convolutional neural network and multi-head attention, the second
type of features reflected the essential functions of proteins, and the third type of features abstracted
the linkage between proteins. These features were fed into the fully connected layer to make predictions.

Results:

The 5-fold cross-validation and independent tests suggested its acceptable performance. It
also outperformed the only previous model, SVM-Root. Furthermore, the importance of each feature
type and component in the proposed model was investigated.

Conclusion:

Graph-Root had a good performance and can be a useful tool to identify novel rootrelated
proteins. BLOSUM62 features were found to be important in determining root-related proteins.
ANALISIS PERMINTAAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP LAYANAN TRANSPORTASI ONLINE DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Ratna Sari Sonia
Published: October 2024

This research aims to measure the extent of consumer demand changes for online transportation services in Malang City following a tariff increase and to identify the factors influencing the demand for these services. This research utilized a quantitative approach and was analyzed through the wilcoxon test and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings reveal significant changes in consumer demand after the tariff hike. Specifically, the variable of online transportation service tariffs shows a positive and significant influence. Income demonstrates a positive but insignificant effect, while the variables of conventional transportation services tariffs and travel speed each indicate a negative influence that is not significant and significant, respectively, on the demand for online transportation services. Based on these findings, it is crucial for online transportation service companies to maintain comfort and security, as these factors are top priorities for consumers in choosing transportation services. Additionally, the government can contribute to maintaining operational stability for companies, ensuring safety for users, and overall stability in the transportation ecosystem.
Hartmann, Dirk: Erkenntnistheorie. Neues System der philosophischen Wissenschaften im Grundriss, Band I
Authors: Schüz Simon
Published: October 2024

Rezension von: Hartmann, Dirk: Erkenntnistheorie. Neues System der philosophischen Wissenschaften im Grundriss, Band I. Paderborn: Brill/Mentis 2020.
Intervención conductual para disminuir el consumo de azúcar en escolares: un estudio de casos
Authors: Pérez Martínez Armenio , Zapata Saad Alejandro , Salazar Arenas Víctor
Published: October 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio de casos es incentivar el menor consumo de azúcar en niñas, niños y adolescentes de una unidad educativa particular de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Para ello, se utilizaron los principales conocimientos de economía del comportamiento y la metodología BASIC como forma de intervenir. La metodología que se empleó en esta investigación fue cualitativa. La tipología empleada es la fenomenología y el diseño es de tipo estudio de casos. Se seleccionó una unidad educativa particular de la ciudad de Guayaquil y participaron en el estudio de casos un total de 48 estudiante de 3 y 4 grados de enseñanza básica, 4 profesores, 2 autoridades y 29 padres de familia que decidieron participar de manera voluntaria en la investigación. Los resultados señalan la validez de la aplicación de la metodología BASIC para la disminución del consumo de productos con altos contenido de grasa y azúcar, el estudio de casos aborda las potencialidades del trabajo con la economía del comportamiento para modificar las prácticas conductuales de los escolares en materia de alimentación. Se evidenció una variación en el consumo de alimentos saludables a partir del apoyo de las familias y la escuela. Las principales limitaciones se encuentran asociada al tipo de estudio y la selección de los participantes.
Creación de valor en la industria del papel, cartón y productos derivados en Colombia
Authors: Rivera Godoy Jorge Alberto , García Rojas Andrea Carolina , Rojas Ramírez Evelyn Tatiana
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo investigativo se tiene como objetivo analizar los indicadores de gestión de valor y los indicadores contables conexos con la creación de valor de la fábrica promedio de la industria de papel, cartón y productos derivados en Colombia en el periodo 2017-2022. La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, de nivel histórico, y de diseño no experimental y bibliográfico, donde se aplica como método el análisis estático y de tendencias de indicadores, comparándolos con fábricas referentes de mayores ventas en el medio nacional y con fábricas afines en el ámbito global. Se encuentra que la fábrica promedio de papel, cartón y productos derivados colombiana crea valor económico agregado en cuatro años y valor de mercado agregado en el sexenio; asimismo, logra rendimientos contables en todos los años y sus márgenes de utilidades son positivos. Sin embargo, el EVA (Economic Value Added) que se genera por unidad monetaria invertida es inferior al de su referente en el ámbito global, debido a que su costo de capital es mayor; además, su rendimiento del patrimonio se ve superado por su referente global porque es menos eficiente en el uso de los activos, aunque logra aventajar al rendimiento de su referente nacional con mayores ventas porque es más eficaz en el control de costos y gastos.
How Explainable Artificial Intelligence Can Increase or Decrease Clinicians’ Trust in AI Applications in Health Care: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Rosenbacke Rikard , Melhus Åsa , McKee Martin , Stuckler David
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significant potential in clinical practice. However, its “black box” nature can lead clinicians to question its value. The challenge is to create sufficient trust for clinicians to feel comfortable using AI, but not so much that they defer to it even when it produces results that conflict with their clinical judgment in ways that lead to incorrect decisions. Explainable AI (XAI) aims to address this by providing explanations of how AI algorithms reach their conclusions. However, it remains unclear whether such explanations foster an appropriate degree of trust to ensure the optimal use of AI in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to systematically review and synthesize empirical evidence on the impact of XAI on clinicians’ trust in AI-driven clinical decision-making.

METHODS

A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, searching PubMed and Web of Science databases. Studies were included if they empirically measured the impact of XAI on clinicians’ trust using cognition- or affect-based measures. Out of 778 articles screened, 10 met the inclusion criteria. We assessed the risk of bias using standard tools appropriate to the methodology of each paper.

RESULTS

The risk of bias in all papers was moderate or moderate to high. All included studies operationalized trust primarily through cognitive-based definitions, with 2 also incorporating affect-based measures. Out of these, 5 studies reported that XAI increased clinicians’ trust compared with standard AI, particularly when the explanations were clear, concise, and relevant to clinical practice. In addition, 3 studies found no significant effect of XAI on trust, and the presence of explanations does not automatically improve trust. Notably, 2 studies highlighted that XAI could either enhance or diminish trust, depending on the complexity and coherence of the provided explanations. The majority of studies suggest that XAI has the potential to enhance clinicians’ trust in recommendations generated by AI. However, complex or contradictory explanations can undermine this trust. More critically, trust in AI is not inherently beneficial, as AI recommendations are not infallible. These findings underscore the nuanced role of explanation quality and suggest that trust can be modulated through the careful design of XAI systems.

CONCLUSIONS

Excessive trust in incorrect advice generated by AI can adversely impact clinical accuracy, just as can happen when correct advice is distrusted. Future research should focus on refining both cognitive and affect-based measures of trust and on developing strategies to achieve an appropriate balance in terms of trust, preventing both blind trust and undue skepticism. Optimizing trust in AI systems is essential for their effective integration into clinical practice.
Addressing the need for culturally-tailored telemental healthcare linkage for Indigenous populations: Protocol for a pilot evaluation of Shocktalk (Preprint)
Authors: Richer Ariel Marie Shirley , Roddy Ariel L. , King Sutton , Serio Austin
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Urban Indigenous populations face disproportionate mental health challenges, including high rates of PTSD, depression, and substance use disorders, yet they have limited access to health services, especially culturally relevant care. The mechanism for providing care to Indigenous people in the US, the Indian Health Service (IHS), is significantly underfunded. and only accessible to certain Indigenous people. With over 70% of Indigenous individuals in the U.S. living in urban settings, there is a growing need for innovative healthcare solutions.

OBJECTIVE

This manuscript presents a protocol for evaluating ShockTalk, a culturally tailored telemental health linkage application designed to improve mental health care access for urban Indigenous populations. This study outlines the development and pilot study of ShockTalk.

METHODS

The conceptual framework is based on the Behavioral Model of Health Care Utilization. ShockTalk uses AI to connect clients with Indigenous or culturally aligned therapists and facilitates access to care via Facebook Messenger. Using a pre/post waitlist design, 5 participant clients will be admitted to the study at first and 5 additional at 3months. Data collection includes pre/post surveys on client attitudes towards mental health treatment and trust in the ShockTalk platform at baseline and 3 month follow up, followed by in-depth qualitative interviews at 3 months. A cost-effectiveness analysis will assess the impact of varying levels of treatment engagement on client outcomes.

RESULTS

This pilot study will offer insights into optimizing technology-based, culturally relevant mental health care. By examining varying levels of engagement and associated costs, the research seeks to identify the most effective and cost-efficient strategies for improving mental health outcomes in urban Indigenous populations. ShockTalk has the potential to shape future healthcare innovations in this field.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings are expected to contribute significantly to Indigenous mental health care by offering insights into sustainable, accessible, and culturally appropriate telehealth interventions, guiding future policy and practice.

CLINICALTRIAL
Chatbots in healthcare: A study of readability and response accuracy in answers to questions about hypertension. (Preprint)
Authors: Olszewski Robert , Brzeziński Jakub , Watros Klaudia , Mańczak Małgorzata , Owoc Jakub , Jeziorski Krzysztof
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

AI-powered chatbots, using Large Language Models, may effectively answer questions from patients with hypertension, providing responses that are accurate, empathetic, and easy to read.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluates the performance of three such chatbots in delivering quality responses.

METHODS

One hundred questions were randomly selected from the Reddit forum r/hypertension and submitted to three publicly available chatbots (ChatGPT-3.5, Microsoft Copilot, Gemini), anonymized as A, B, and C. Two independent medical professionals assessed the accuracy and empathy of their responses using Likert scales. Additionally, 300 responses were analyzed with the WebFX readability tool to measure various readability indices.

RESULTS

In total, 300 responses were evaluated. Chatbot A generated the most extensive responses, with an average of 13 sentences per reply, while Chatbot B had the shortest replies. Chatbot C achieved the highest score on the Flesch Reading Ease Scale, indicating better readability, while Chatbot A scored the lowest. Other readability metrics, including the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Gunning Fog Score, and others, also showed significant differences among the chatbots, reflecting variability in readability.

CONCLUSIONS

The study indicates that while all chatbots can produce professional responses, their readability varies significantly. These findings underscore the potential of AI chatbots in patient education. However, they also highlight the urgent need for further optimization to enhance the comprehensibility of their outputs.
Comment on: Dangers and Benefits of Social Media on E-Professionalism of Health Care Professionals: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Cai Wan-Ting
Published: October 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

The letter discusses a review article on the impact of social media on the professionalism of healthcare professionals. The review highlights five main risks associated with social media use: reduced accountability, compromised confidentiality, blurred professional boundaries, unprofessional behavior, and legal issues. The authors propose solutions such as monitoring social media content, protecting patient information, separating personal and professional activities, incorporating e-professionalism into education, and developing policies to address unprofessional behavior. The letter adds that patients and healthcare professionals should receive training, professional accounts should be established, and awareness of legal responsibilities should be raised to balance the benefits and risks of social media use in healthcare.
Residual Feed Intake in Hereford Steers: Is It Associated with Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics?
Authors: Luzardo Santiago , de Souza Guillermo , Brito Gustavo , Peraza Pablo , Navajas Elly A.
Published: October 2024

Carcass and meat quality traits were evaluated on 136 Hereford steers categorized according to their residual feed intake (RFI): high RFI (HRFI), medium RFI (MRFI), and low RFI (LRFI). Steers from the 3 groups of RFI did not differ (P > 0.05) on final live weight, hot carcass weight, carcass yield, marbling scores, ribeye area, and subcutaneous fat thickness. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed in the weights of tenderloin, strip loin, bottom round, knuckle, and tri-tip among RFI groups; however, steers from LRFI and MRFI had heavier (P < 0.05) top sirloins than HRFI animals and inside rounds from more efficient animals (LRFI) were heavier (P < 0.05) than HRFI steers. Steers from HRFI showed a greater (P < 0.05) proportion of intramuscular fat (IMF) than LRFI animals. Longissimus muscles from HRFI steers presented greater (P < 0.05) concentrations of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) than those from MRFI and LRFI animals. The PUFA/SFA ratio of IMF did not differ (P > 0.05) between LRFI and HRFI steers and neither between LRFI and MRFI. In addition, the omega 6:omega 3 fatty acids ratio did not differ (P > 0.05) among the 3 RFI groups. Consumer's panel acceptability scores for tenderness, flavor, and overall liking were not significantly different (P > 0.05) among meat samples from LRFI, MRFI, and HRFI steers. Our findings indicated that RFI would not be associated with carcass traits and meat quality of Hereford steers, except for the IMF content and fatty acids concentrations. Therefore, end-product quality would be only marginally affected when RFI characteristic is included in a Hereford breeding program.
Analysis of the ability of prospective biology teachers to develop teaching modules on the kampus mengajar program
Authors: Wahyuni Eko Sri , Faturrahman Mas Akhbar
Published: October 2024

Kampus Mengajar is a program intended for university students in Indonesia to establish partnerships with schools and prepare themselves as future professional educators. Student participation in the Kampus Mengajar program requires mastery of pedagogical competencies, one of which is the development of teaching modules as a learning design that will be implemented. The purpose of this study was to describe the ability of Biology Education students of FKIP UNTAN to develop teaching modules, specifically, students who participated in the Kampus Mengajar Batch 6 (KM6). This research is descriptive qualitative research conducted by observing the completeness of the components of the 14 teaching modules developed. Based on the analysis conducted, it is known that the average percentage of general information is 98.81% with a very good category, the main components are 97.62% with a very good category, and the appendices are 78.57% with a good category. Overall, the average of all components is 92.44%, so it can be concluded that the ability of Biology Education students at FKIP UNTAN to develop teaching modules can be categorized as very good. The results obtained show that there are still flaws in the 14 teaching modules analyzed. Students need to develop their pedagogical professionalism so that their knowledge and skills in developing teaching modules increase.
THE PERSONALITY OF THE GENERAL A.N. KUROPATKIN IN THE BRITISH PRESS DURING THE RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR (1904-1905)
Authors:   Tula Arms State Museum (Russia), Arbekov A.B.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the process of formation of the image of the commander-in-chief of the Russian army in Manchuria General A.N. Kuropatkin in the British public during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 - 1905 on the example of periodicals of Great Britain and its colonies. The study of this problematic touches socio-cultural aspects of the perception of the "other" and the issues of military-political and strategic nature, because A.N. Kuropatkin, who held the post of Minister of War of the Russian Empire in 1898 - 1904, determined the contours of the Russian military policy, which solved the problem of defending Russian interests in Central Asia and the Far East and countering British aspirations in these regions. The construction of a certain image of General Kuropatkin in the British press followed both the propagandistic purpose of manipulating public opinion and foreign policy goal, aimed at strengthening British influence in Persia and Afghanistan. In the course of this study, materials from periodicals of Great Britain and its colonies, as well as unpublished documents from Russian and British archives were used. The study concludes that during the Russo-Japanese War the image of General A.N. Kuropatkin underwent a transformation from a "great warrior" to a "bogeyman". Such a spread in the assessments of the personality of the Russian commander on the pages of British publications retained a single semantic field, within which General A.N. Kuropatkin represented the personification of the "Russian threat to India."
Federated Learning's Dynamic Defense Against Byzantine Attacks: Integrating SIFT-Wavelet and Differential Privacy for Byzantine Grade Levels Detection
Authors: Godavarthi Sahithi , G. Dr. Venkateswara Rao
Published: October 2024

Federated learning, which enables decentralized training across multiple devices while maintaining data privacy, is susceptible to Byzantine poisoning attacks. This paradigm reduces the need for centralized data storage and transmission, thereby mitigating privacy risks associated with traditional data aggregation methods. However, FL introduces new challenges, notably susceptibility to Byzantine poisoning attacks, where rogue participants can tamper with model updates, threatening the consistency and security of the aggregated model. Our approach addresses this vulnerability by implementing robust aggregation methods, sophisticated pre-processing techniques, and a novel Byzantine grade-level detection mechanism. We introduce a federated aggregation operator designed to mitigate the impact of malicious clients. Our pre-processing includes data loading and transformation, data augmentation, and feature extraction using SIFT and wavelet transforms. Additionally, we employ differential privacy and model compression to improve the robustness and performance of the federated learning framework. Our approach is assessed using a tailored neural network model applied to the MNIST dataset, achieving 97% accuracy in detecting Byzantine attacks. Our results demonstrate that robust aggregation significantly improves the resilience and performance. This comprehensive approach ensures the integrity of the federated learning process, effectively filtering out adversarial influences and sustaining high accuracy even when faced with adversarial Byzantine clients.
Vestígios do desastre em Brumadinho
Authors: Barbosa de Sousa Ana Patrícia , Salgueiro Marques Ângela Cristina
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é aproximar as noções de território, memória, rememoração, imagens e catástrofes, de maneira a explorar o papel da fotografia e dos vestígios em práticas de resistência à ação predatória de mineradoras, como a Vale, cuja prática extrativista desencadeou uma crise ambiental profunda, desordenando os vínculos e “nexos locais” entre habitantes humanos e não-humanos de Brumadinho. A partir do ensaio fotojornalístico, realizado pelo repórter fotográfico Juarez Rodrigues para o jornal Estado de Minas em janeiro de 2019, elaboramos análises nas quais a rememoração é apresentada como um processo relacional que se articula à performatividade das imagens de modo a buscar não somente um novo contato com o passado, mas também a transformação do presente e das territorialidades em risco (Santos,2006; Haesbaert, 2023). Em diálogo com Susan Sontag (2003, 2004) e Andrea Calderón (2020), mostramos como a rememoração (Gagnebin, 1999, 2014) cria narrativas lacunares através de vestígios que, figurados nas imagens, redefinem formas de vida em meio ao desastre, desestabilizando formas consensuais de pensar a experiência.
Recursos noéticos y discapacidad: una forma de afrontamiento ante el estigma
Authors: Arenas Andrea del Pilar , Melo Trujillo Didier Evander , Lara Másmela Tito , Mayorga Ortegón Angela Ivethe
Published: October 2024

El presente documento de trabajo da cuenta de los resultados obtenidos en el ejercicio de investigación titulado de la exclusión social al encuentro existencial: el estigma y la expresión de los recursos noéticos en personas en situación de discapacidad física en Ibagué; el cual, se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualimétrico de investigación. Contó con la participación de 40 personas (20 hombres y 20 mujeres) con quienes se implementó la técnica de grupo focal, así como la aplicación individual de la escala dimensional de recursos noológicos aquí y ahora. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se logró reconocer la percepción que tiene la población participante con relación al estigma a la luz de las dimensiones que integran los recursos noéticos, específicamente el autodistanciamiento y la autotrascendencia.
La relación de los estilos de aprendizaje y la formación de psicólogos por mediación virtual
Authors: Verney Latorre Clara Tatiana , Paredes Rosales Claudia Andrea , Vélez Pombo Mercedes Cecilia , Estupiñán Sánchez Emilse
Published: October 2024

A través de este documento se busca dar a conocer los resultados de la investigación con diseño cuantitativo y descriptivo, para caracterizar los estilos de aprendizaje de estudiantes del programa de psicología en modalidad de educación virtual, en tres momentos diferentes del proceso formativo: inicial, intermedia y final. Los resultados de la investigación indicaron que la dominancia cerebral en las tres fases fue CUADRANTE A lo que significa que las personas tienden a utilizar un estilo de pensamiento el cual se basa en los hechos, lo que conlleva a un pensamiento analítico, lógico y cuantitativo. En los grupos momento inicial y final, se observa que el segundo cuadrante predominante fue el CUADRANTE B que se caracteriza por un estilo de pensamiento secuencial, organizado, detallado, planeado y orientado hacia la forma. En el mismo grupo de formación intermedio el cuadrante predominante fue el CUADRANTE C, el cual se apoya en los sentimientos, kinestesia y emocional. Conclusión la identificación de los diversos estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes, implica para el ámbito educativo las necesidades de responder de forma diferenciada a sus necesidades, buscando estrategias pedagógicas y herramientas didácticas que favorezcan las condiciones para el proceso de aprendizaje del estudiante.
Lokal forankring i storskala skoleutviklingsprosjekter – en evaluering av en modell for skolebasert kompetanseutvikling der mange skoler deltar
Authors: Kvithyld Trygve , Morud Elin Bø , Kvistad Anne Holten
Published: October 2024

I 2018 ble det lansert en ny strategi for kompetanseutvikling i skolen (Dekom). En viktig intensjon ved denne strategien var at lærere og ledere sammen med UH-sektoren skal utvikle kunnskap om undervisning og læring i de lokale skolekontekstene. I Storbynettverket ble det utviklet en modell for å ivareta intensjonen bak strategien, kalt ressursgruppemodellen. Målet med denne studien er å evaluere ressursgruppemodellen og identifisere hvilke faktorer som synes å være viktige for å lykkes i et storskala skoleutviklingsprosjekt. Det empiriske grunnlaget for studien er data fra spørreundersøkelser og fokusgruppeintervju med involverte parter fra skoler og UH- miljø. Deltakerne fikk spørsmål om erfaringene de hadde gjort seg etter første pulje med Dekom i Storbynettverket. Funnene viser blant annet at ressursgruppemodellen har en fleksibilitet som gjør at mange skoler kan delta parallelt samtidig som opplevde lokale behov kan ivaretas. Samtidig ser stabil ledelse, myndiggjøring av ressursgruppene og reelle samskapingsprosesser mellom UH og skolene ut til å være viktige faktorer for å lykkes med en slik storskala skoleutviklingsmodell. 
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Local Anchoring in Large-Scale School Development Projects – An Evaluation of a Model for Competence Development in which Many Schools Participate 
In 2018, a new strategy for competence development in schools (Dekom) was launched in Norway. An important intention of this strategy was for teachers and leaders, together with university employees, to develop knowledge about teaching and learning within local school contexts. In Storbynettverket, a model was developed to uphold the intention behind the strategy, called the resource group model. The aim of this study is to evaluate the resource group model and identify the factors that appear to be important for success in a large-scale school development project. The empirical basis for the study consists of data from surveys and focus group interviews with stakeholders from schools and universities. Participants were asked about their experiences after the first round of Dekom in Storbynettverket. Findings indicate that the resource group model has a flexibility that allows many schools to participate simultaneously while addressing perceived local needs. At the same time, stable leadership, empowerment of the resource groups, and genuine co-creation processes between higher education and schools seem to be important factors for success in a large-scale school development model.
Metodologias investigativas de ação para as ciências do impreciso
Authors: Mendes Iran Abreu
Published: October 2024

A construção das ciências partiu do impreciso, das regularidades vagas e da tentativa de padronização de variantes por meio de regras explicativas da diversidade de fenômenos naturais, sociais e culturais. Desde o século XVIII as críticas epistemológicas sobre o estatuto do método científico e de suas imprecisões provocaram filósofos e pesquisadores a esse respeito. Com base em um estudo histórico essa temática, neste artigo discutimos princípios filosóficos e metodológicos sobre as incertezas nas ciências exatas, naturais e humanas, enunciados por um grupo de autores que na década de 1964 apontou reflexões sobre a pesquisa no âmbito das ciências do impreciso, para reagir às certezas científicas e uma imagem precisa da ciência postas entre os séculos XIX e XX, que fortaleceu preconceitos contra o impreciso. A discussão do grupo de autores pesquisados apontou um rol de métodos de pesquisas no âmbito do impreciso, como auxiliar na compreensão e explicação de fatos científicos, relacionados a determinados fenômenos naturais, socioculturais e humanos, que não podem ser explicados por uma única causa, ou por um único modelo epistemológico ou metodológico.