bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Negotiating Safety and Sexual Risk Reduction With Clients in Unsanctioned Safer Indoor Sex Work Environments: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Krüsi Andrea , Chettiar Jill , Ridgway Amelia , Abbott Janice , Strathdee Steffanie A. , Shannon Kate
Published: May 2012

Objectives. We examined how unique, low-barrier, supportive housing programs for women who are functioning as unsanctioned indoor sex work environments in a Canadian urban setting influence risk negotiation with clients in sex work transactions.

Methods. We conducted 39 semistructured qualitative interviews and 6 focus groups with women who live in low-barrier, supportive housing for marginalized sex workers with substance use issues. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed.

Results. Women’s accounts indicated that unsanctioned indoor sex work environments promoted increased control over negotiating sex work transactions, including the capacity to refuse unwanted services, negotiate condom use, and avoid violent perpetrators. Despite the lack of formal legal and policy support for indoor sex work venues in Canada, the environmental-structural supports afforded by these unsanctioned indoor sex work environments, including surveillance cameras and support from staff or police in removing violent clients, were linked to improved police relationships and facilitated the institution of informal peer-safety mechanisms.

Conclusions. This study has drawn attention to the potential role of safer indoor sex work environments as venues for public health and violence prevention interventions and has indicated the critical importance of removing the sociolegal barriers preventing the formal implementation of such programs.
HER-2/neu oncogene and estrogene receptor expression in non small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Aleric Ivan , Jakic-Razumovic Jasminka , Koprivica Branka
Published: May 2012

Non-small cell lung cancers are among the leading causes of cancer morbidity
and mortality worldwide. The prognosis is usually based on traditional
pathohistological parameters and clinical stage, but additional prognostic
survival factors have also been sought. The aim of this retrospective study
was to explore the membranous expression of HER-2/neu and estrogen receptors
in nonsmall cell lung cancers and their relation to survival of patients with
non-small cell lung cancers and to traditional prognostic factors. The sample
consisted of 132 consecutive, surgically resected patient tissues of
non-small cell lung cancers, and the following parameters were examined:
HER-2/neu and estrogen receptor expression, as well as the related clinical
and pathological features: tumor, nodes, and metastases stage, level of tumor
necrosis, histological and nuclear grade, lymphocytic infiltrate, and number
of mitoses. HER-2/neu was positive in 28.8% of tumor samples, and estrogen
receptor expression was positive in 29.5% of tumors, but neither was
significantly associated with the outcome of non-small cell lung cancers.
There was a significant association between HER-2/neu and nuclear grade
(P=0.01). In addition, the association between estrogen receptor expression
and histological type of tumor (P=0.04) and mitotic rate (P=0.008) was found.
Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant association of patients? overall
survival with the tumor node metastasis stage (P<0.001) and the degree of
tumor necrosis (P=0.02). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed
that male gender (P=0.01), histological type (P=0.03), high degree of
necrosis (P=0.006), and higher histological grade (P=0.037) were associated
with the patients? survival. Our findings indicate that the expression of
HER-2/neu and estrogen receptor is less reliable than traditional
histological parameters in predicting the survival of patients with non-small
cell lung cancers.
Lipomas of the gastrointestinal system
Authors: Djolai Matilda , Andrejic Bojana , Ivanov Dejan
Published: May 2012

Lipomas are rare benign tumors in the gastrointestinal system. Within the
gastrointestinal system, 65% of the lipomas are located in the colon (sigmoid
part of the colon or rectum) and rarely in the stomach and esophagus. The
paper presents two gastrointestinal lipomas. First is the case of lipoma of
the sigmoid colon and the other one is gastric lipoma. In both cases the
material was sent for histopathological analysis due to suspicion of
malignancy of the lesions. In both cases, the histopathologic analysis showed
tumor made of mature adipocytes, localized in the submucosa both of the
stomach and intestine. Hypercellularity and/ or atypia of the cell was found
in neither case. Lipomas are shown because of its atypical localization and
clinically suspicious malignancy in the stomach and sigmoid colon. These
cases show that the applied methods of preoperative diagnosis of tumors in
the gastrointestinal system are not sufficient to determine the origin and
biological behavior of tumors. Histopathological diagnosis provides a correct
insight into the nature of tumors and determine the course of treatment. This
paper presents a rare localization of lipomas in the gastrointestinal system.
The preoperative diagnosis of lesions in the gastrointestinal system may not
be sufficient to determine the origin and biological behavior of the lesions,
hence the histopathological diagnosis gives an accurate insight into the
nature of the change, preventing the possibility of further aggressive
therapy.
Intrathrombus embolization of giant mesenteric inferior artery to prevent type II endoleak
Authors: Sarac Momir , Marjanovic Ivan , Zoranovic Uros , Jevtic Miodrag , Misovic Sidor , Rusovic Sinisa
Published: May 2012

Introduction. One of the most common complications of endovascular repair of
abdominal aortic aneurysm is type II endoleak - retrograde branch flow. Case
report. A 76-year-old man with abdominal aortic aneurysm, 7. 1cm in diameter
and aneurysm of the right common iliac artery, 3. 2cm in diameter was
admitted to our Department with abdominal pain. The patient had no chance of
having open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm because of high perioperative
risk (cardiac ejection fraction of 23%, chronic pulmonary obstructive
disease). Multislice computed angiography also revealed a large inferior
mesenteric artery, 6mm in diameter with the origin in thrombus of aneurysm.
We decided to repair abdominal aortic aneurysm with GORE? EXCLUDER ?
stent-graft with crossed right hypogastric, but first we decided to embolize
the inferior mesenteric artery. Angiography was performed through the right
femoral approach and the good Riolan arcade was found. After that the
inferior mesenteric artery was embolized with two coils, 5 mm in diameter, at
the origin of artery in aneurysm thrombus. At the end of procedure, abdominal
aortic aneurysm was repaired with GORE? stent-graft, and the control
angiography was performed. There was no endoleak, and the Riolan arcade was
very good. The patient was discharged after 5 days. There were no signs of
ischemia of the left colon, and peristaltic was excellent. Control multislice
computed angiography was done after 1 and 3 months. There were no signs of
endoleak. On the control colonoscopy there were no signs of ischemia of the
colon. Conclusion. Endovascular repair of symptomatic abdominal aortic
aneurysm in high risk patients with preoperative embolization of large branch
is the best choice to prevent rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm and to
prevent type II endoleak.
Risk of infection after placement of an extraventricular drainage catheter
Authors: Novak Vesna , Stefanovic Ivan , Kostic Aleksandar , Novak Martin
Published: May 2012

Introduction. The occurrence of infection after the placement of an
extraventricular drainage (EVD) catheter can be a very serious problem in
neurosurgery. Objective. The aim of this study was to confirm that the use of
special catheters with impregnated antibiotics decreased the percentage of
infection. Methods. The prospective study conducted at the Clinic of
Neurosurgery in Nis in the period 2006-2009 is presented. Group 1 comprised
of 43 patients in whom a commonly used system for EVD was applied. Group 2
comprised of 39 patients in whom the Rifampycin and Clindamycin impregnated
EVD catheters were applied (Bactiseal catheters). Results. In Group 1
infection occurred in nine patients, mainly caused by bacteria of
Staphylococcus genus. In Group 2 only two patients developed infections
caused by Acinetobacter. Conclusion. The use of Bactiseal EVD catheters
considerably decreased the percentage of infection occurrence with prolonged
EVD catheter drainage period.
Influence of initial visual field sensitivity on visual field loss progression in open angle glaucoma
Authors: Hentova-Sencanic Paraskeva , Bozic Marija , Sencanic Ivan , Jovanovic Milos , Stankovic Branislav , Marjanovic Ivan , Markovic Vujica , Bjelovic Nevena
Published: May 2012

Introduction. It is important to know the risk factors for visual field
defect progression in order to predict the future development of glaucoma.
Objective. To investigate the influence of visual field initial sensitivity
on the rate of visual field progression. Methods. A minimum of five visual
fields were performed using computerized perimetry (Octopus) over a mean
follow- up 4-year period (48.85?17.84 months) in 64 persons (114 eyes) with
primary open angle glaucoma. The rate of change of the whole central visual
field and each of the seven regions of the field were measured by linear
regression analysis of the mean sensitivity value versus time. Based on the
slope of the regression line of visual field mean sensitivity over time the
eyes were divided into two groups: the group with stable and the group with
progressive visual field. The comparison of the mean sensitivity of the whole
central visual field between the groups was performed using the Mann-Whitney
U-test. The Spearman rang correlation coefficient and the Spearman
probability p values were calculated to assess the mean sensitivity of the
whole central visual field and of each visual field regions determined at the
beginning of the study. Results. The initial mean sensitivity of the whole
central visual field was lower in the group with progressive visual field
(16.62?6.35 dB). Correlation between the initial mean sensitivity and the
slope of the regression line was negative. The lowest mean sensitivity was in
the group with progressive visual field in the upper temporal (13.73?7.35
dB), nasal (14.74?7.23 dB) and upper nasal (15.03?7.75 dB) regions.
Conclusion. The lower mean sensitivity value of the visual field, especially
in the nasal and upper nasal visual field regions, carries a greater risk for
delayed progressive loss of the visual field in persons with glaucoma.
Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in adults with chronic conjunctivitis in Nisava district
Authors: Indjic Nikola , Igic Ljiljana , Veselinovic Aleksandar , Veselinovic Dragan
Published: May 2012

Introduction. Chlamydia trachomatis causes many infections, including eye
infections. They manifest as inclusion conjunctivitis and trachoma. The agent
is transmitted by dirty hands, eyeliners, medical instruments and via
swimming-pool water or, in neonates, by passage through an infected birth
canal. Due to the nonspecific clinical features at the beginning of the
infection and delayed application of symptomatic, anti-allergic and
non-specific antibiotic therapy, Chlamydia aetiology is usually established
only after laboratory diagnosis in the chronic stage of infection. Objective.
Determining the frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen in conjunctival
and genital samples of adult patients with chronic conjunctivitis in Nisava
district. Methods. Our retrospective study was carried out on 116 patients
(63 female and 53 male) with clinical signs and symptoms of chronic
conjunctivitis. Chlamydia trachomatis antigen was detected by a direct
immunofluorescence test with labelled monoclonal antibodies. Results. From a
total of 116 examined patients in 37 patients Chlamydia trachomatis antigen
was detected; 17 female and 20 male. Thirty-three of the patients had a
bilateral infection and four unilateral. Among 24 patients who were also
tested for Chlamydia trachomatis antigen collected by ocular and genital
swabs, 19 had conjunctivitis associated with urethritis/vaginitis.
Conclusion. The studied group of patients showed that the common cause of the
chronic conjunctivitis were bacteria, but predominantly Chlamydia
trachomatis. In most cases Chlamydia infection occurred bilaterally. The
majority of patients had eye Chlamydia infection associated with genital
Chlamydia infection. There was no statistically significant difference in the
presence of the disease regarding gender.
Early detection possibilities of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
Authors: Vucinic Predrag , Vukic-Culafic Branka , Ivic Stojan
Published: May 2012

Introduction. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome represents a
significant medical problem due to numerous consequences that may follow it.
Objective. The aim of the study was to analyze morphology of the maxilla in
children with mouth breathing, and to assess possible characteristics in
persons with marked clinical features of OSA. Methods. The sample comprised
of 60 examinees aged from 8-10 years, all mouth-breathers. The following
X-ray cephalometric parameters were measured: angle of maxillary pragmatism,
cranial base angle, angle between the palatal plane and the anterior cranial
base, maxillary length, distance from the most prominent labial surface of
the maxillary central incisor to NA line, angle between the axis of the upper
maxillary incisor and NA line. Following parameters were obtained from the
casts: anterior and posterior width of the maxillary arch, height of the
maxillary arch, index of the palatal height, as well as the apical base
length. Assessed values were then compared to the corresponding norms.
Results. Compared to the corresponding norms, statistically significant lower
values were determined for the following parameters of the sample: SpP/SN,
AW, PW, AB. Conclusion. Analysis of the morphological characteristics of the
maxilla in mouth breathing children showed characteristics also present in
persons with marked clinical features of OSA syndrome, such as a narrow
maxilla, insufficient apical base length, as well as the reduced angle of the
palatal plane angle to the anterior cranial base. All these suggest a
possible increased risk of developing OSA syndrome in children?s later age.
Urinary tract nosocomial infections at the Clinical centre in Kragujevac
Authors: Djordjevic Zorana , Ilic Milena
Published: May 2012

Introduction. Urinary tract infections are the most frequent hospital
infections and account for about 40% of total hospital infections. The main
risk factor for their development is the use of catheters. Objective.
Assessment of basic epidemiological and etiological characteristics of
nosocomial urinary tract infections (NUTIs) and investigation of differences
in risk factors among the patients with NUTIs with and without the urinary
catheter. Methods. The study comprised patients treated in chosen units/ of
the Clinical Center in Kragujevac, in whom NUTI was registered during 2009.
Differences in risk factors for NUTIs between the catheterized and
uncatheterized patients were tested by the logistic regression analysis.
Results. NUTIs was registered in 162 patients whose average age was 66.2?13.5
years with approximately equal gender participation (51.2% men and 48.8%
women). Almost three quarters of the patients with NUITs had indwelling
urinary catheter, 12.0?7.7 days on average (from 1 to 39 days). In the
patients with urinary catheter, the risk for NUITs was significantly
positively associated with emergency admission to hospital treatment
(p=0.0185). The uncatheterized patients had a significant frequency of
malignant tumours comparing to the patients with a urinary catheter
(p=0.039). The compared groups did not differ in other risk factors. The
most frequently isolated microbial agents was Klebsiella spp (37.3%), then
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.1%) and Proteus mirabilis (11.9%). Most of the
bacteria showed a great level of resistance to frequently used antibacterial
drugs, even up to 100%. Conclusion. It is necessary to define national
recommendations for the prevention and control of NUTIs in the future.
Asymptomatic perforation of large bowel and urinary bladder as a complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt: Report of two cases
Authors: Mihajlovic Miljan , Tasic Goran , Raicevic Mirjana , Mrdak Milan , Petrovic Bojana , Radlovic Vladimir
Published: May 2012

Introduction. Insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt, the method of
choice in the treatment of hydrocephalus, is often followed by various
mechanical and/or infective complications. We present two children with
asymptomatic perforation of the large bowel and urinary bladder, relatively
rare and potentially severe complications of this surgical procedure.
Outline of Cases. In both patients a VP shunt was implanted in the first
month after birth; in a boy due to congenital hydrocephalus and in a girl
due to the consequences of intracranial haemorrhage. Immediately after
surgery, as well as during the further course, in both children growth and
development were optimal and without any signs of infection or VP shunt
malfunction. In the boy at age 6 months and in the girl at age 4 years,
without any signs of complications, mothers noted the prominence of the VP
shunt tip from the anus in the first case and from the urethral orifice in
the second one. The VP shunts were immediately changed, so that both
complications were resolved without any consequences. Conclusion. Insertion
of a VP shunt represents the most frequent method of choice of the surgical
treat- ment of hydrocephalus, but also potentially a highly risky procedure
followed by various complications about which parents should be informed
when patients are children. Owing to adequate approach in the follow-up of
children with implanted VP shunt, large bowel and urinary bladder
perforation, examples of severe and potentially fatal complications of this
surgical intervention, could be disclosed on time and adequately resolved.
Autism and autistic spectrum disorders in the context of new DSM-V classification, and clinical and epidemiological data
Authors: Stankovic Miodrag , Lakic Aneta , Ilic Neda
Published: May 2012

Autism is one of disorders from the autism spectrum, besides Asperger
syndrome, atypical autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise
specified. They are classified as mental disorders as being manifested by a
wide range of cognitive, emotional and neurobehavioural abnormalities. Key
categorical characteristics of the disorder are clear impairments of the
development of the child?s socialisation, understanding and production of
verbal and non-verbal communication and restricted and repetitive patterns of
behaviour. Demarcation boundaries are not clear, neither within the very
group of the disorders from the autistic spectrum, nor with respect to the
autistic behavioural features in the general population. For this reason, the
term spectrum points out the significance of the dimensional assessment of
autistic disorders, which will most likely be the basis of the new diagnostic
classification of the disorders belonging to the current group of pervasive
developmental disorders in the new DSM-V classification. The understanding,
as well as the prevalence of the autistic spectrum disorders has changed
drastically in the last four decades. From the previous 4 per 10,000 people,
today?s prevalence estimates range from 0.6 to around 1%, and the increase of
prevalence cannot be explained solely by better recognition on the part of
experts and parents or by wider diagnostic criteria. The general conclusion
is that the autistic spectrum disorders are no longer rare conditions and
that the approach aimed at acknowledging the warning that this is an urgent
public health problem is completely justified.
Newborn Care Practices by the Mother / Care Givers and Their Knowledge about Signs of Sickness of Neonates
Authors: Hoque Md Mahbubul , Khan Mohammad Faizul Haque , Begum Jotsna Ara , Chowdhury MAK Azad , Persson Lars Ake
Published: May 2012

Background: Despite proven cost effective intervention, there has been little change in neonatal mortality. In Bangladesh neonatal mortality accounts for two third of infants death. About 90% deliveries take place in home and majority of neonatal death are taking place within 7 days of birth. Information about reasons for delivering at home and newborn care practices will be useful to undertake simple intervention measures by policy makers.Aims and objective: To see the knowledge, perception and behaviour of mothers towards their normal and sick newborn.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Dhaka Shishu Hospital from June to November, 2007. A semistructured, pretested questionnaire was used to interview mothers attending inpatient (IPD) and outpatient department (OPD) of hospital.Results: A total 198 mothers were interviewed. Home deliveries were 35.5% and Institutional were 64.5%. Among the Institutional deliveries 35% (44 out of 127) were planned and tried first at home, but when failed mothers were taken to hospital. Majority (86%) of home deliveries were conducted by Dai/relatives. Umbilical cord was cut with new/boiled blade in 85% of home deliveries and household knife was used in 4% cases. Birth place were not at all heated in all home deliveries. In 32 % of home deliveries babies were given bath within 1 hour of birth and it was 15% in case of hospital deliveries. Forty-eight percent babies of home deliveries were wrapped within 10 minutes. Prelacteal feed was given in 51% of home deliveries in comparison to 23% of institutional deliveries. The rate of initiation of breast feeding within one hour of birth was 52% in home and 35% in institutional deliveries. In all cases breast milk was given within 48 hours. Main reasons cited for delivering at home were preference (43%) and fear about hospital (39%). In case of educated (graduate) mothers 72% deliveries took place at hospital. Less feeding (56%), vomiting (42%), less movement (32%), fever (29%) and cough (27%) could be recognized by mothers as signs of sickness.Conclusion: Home deliveries and poor newborn care practices are commonly found in this study. Traditional birth attendants should be adequately trained as they are conducting majority of home deliveries. Female education is very important to reduce home delivery as it is seen that deliveries of educated mothers are taking place in hospital. High risk traditional newborn care practices like delayed wrapping, early bathing, use of oil in umbilical stump and prelacteal feeding need to be addressed. This study also found that knowledge to identify sickness in newborn is still poor.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i3.10497  Bangladesh J Child Health 2011; Vol 35 (3): 90-96
Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Treatment of Symptomatic CMV Infection with Ganciclovir
Authors: Mahbub Mustafa , Azam Mosiul , Khan Naila Zaman
Published: May 2012

Rationale: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common cause for neurodisability among poor populations in developing countries, including Bangladesh. Some studies have shown that ganciclovir therapy is effective in reducing neurodevelopmental morbidity; while others remain equivocal.Objective : The objective of this study was to evaluate neurodevelopmental outcome of children with symptomatic CMV treated with ganciclovir compared to matched control.Methods: Out of 218 children seropositive for CMV admitted into the neurology ward between 2003-2006, 91 were treated with intravenous ganciclovir for 2-3 weeks; of whom 43 came for follow-up at an interval of 3 months to 1 year. At each visit neurodevelopmental status was recorded for cognition, vision and hearing. 41 untreated age-matched cases with follow-up records were retrospectively enrolled as control.Results: Among treated children compared to untreated controls, there was significant improvement in hearing (58% vs. 27%; p value=.012). Improvement remained consistent, without statistical significance, for vision (53% vs. 39%; p value=.071)) and cognition (51% vs. 54%; p value=.344).Conclusion: Ganciclovir treatment improved neurodevelopmental outcomes of very young children with symptomatic CMV infection. In a country where limited resources are available for children with disability, early recognition and treatment of CMV infection is recommended.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i3.10498  Bangladesh J Child Health 2011; Vol 35 (3): 97-101
Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Rabies at Infectious Disease Hospital, Dhaka
Authors: Haque Md Shahidul , Yeasmin Tahmina , Islam Md Manirul
Published: May 2012

Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of human rabies at IDH, Dhaka in 2006. Methods: Analysis of the records of rabies cases admitted into the Infectious Disease Hospital, Dhaka in 2006 (Jan-Dec). Results: Of total 170 rabies cases, 116(68.2%) cases were admitted to IDH from Dhaka division and rest 44(31.8%) cases came from other areas of Bangladesh. Majority (59.5%) of the victims were within 15 years of age. Male (67.1%) gender & rural people (89.4%) constituted the main bulk of the cases. 86.5% cases had WHO category III exposure. Majority cases had incubation period between 16-90 days (82.9%). Hydrophobia which is the main pathognomonic feature of human rabies, was present in cent percent cases. Principal biting animals was dog (92.94%). Others animals were cat(5.3%),jackal (0.6%), mongoose (1.2%). Most cases (143/170=84.1%) were not vaccinated. 99% cases did not take wound care. Among 27 cases who received vaccines, only 6 cases (22.2%) received TCV inadequately and remaining 21(77.8%) received NTV. None of 170 cases were treated with RIG. Conclusion: Rabies is a major health problem in Bangladesh. The data indicates that the epidemiological characteristics of the disease are not much different from other studies and have not changed much over the decades. Hence, there are need to educate the community and health workers about the importance of immediate and adequate post-exposure treatment, to start effective control programme for dog and to make availability of TCV as well as RIG. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i3.10521 Bangladesh J Child Health 2011; Vol 35 (3): 102-107
Hypertension in the Children: A Review
Authors: Barua Chaity , Hussain Mohd Zhid , Sheikh Naveen , Islam Md Tariqul , Roy Gopesh Ranjan , Bhuiyan Md Mostafizur Rahman
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i3.10522 Bangladesh J Child Health 2011; Vol 35 (3): 108-117
"Growing Pain in Children" Review
Authors: Begum Tamanna , Khatoon Soofia
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i3.10523 Bangladesh J Child Health 2011; Vol 35 (3): 118-120
Fahrs Disease: A Rare Neurodegenerative Disorder in Children
Authors: Rahman AKM Matiur , Begum Rashida Sadia , Anwar Sayeeda , Ali Md Ramzan , Rahman Mowshumi
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i3.10524 Bangladesh J Child Health 2011; Vol 35 (3): 121-123
Vanishing White Matter Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Islam Mohammad Imnul , Hoque Skazimul , Islam Md Tariqul , Saha Narayan Chandra , Matin Abdul , Rahman AKM Matiur , Saleh Abu Sadat Md
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i3.10526 Bangladesh J Child Health 2011; Vol 35 (3): 127-129
Abstract from Current Literature Vol.35(3)
Authors: Editor The
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i3.10527 Bangladesh J Child Health 2011; Vol 35 (3): 130-131
In-vitro antibacterial activity of herbal aqueous extract against multi-drug resistant Klebsiella sp. isolated from human clinical samples
Authors: Sharmeen Rehnuma , Hossain Md Nazmul , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Foysal Md Javed , Miah Md Faruque
Published: May 2012

The studies were carried out to evaluate antibacterial activity of 35 aqueous herbal extracts against a total of 20 clinical Klebshiella sp. isolates. The maximum antibacterial activity was found as 90% in crude extracts of Syzygium aromaticum (leaf) and Citrus limon L. (fruit) followed by 85% in Spondias pinnata (leaf). Sensitivity of these isolates was also evaluated for eight commercial antibiotic discs following disc diffusion assay where most of the isolates found to develop resistance against multiple commercial antibiotics. 85% of isolates exhibited resistant to chloramphenicol and erythromycin and 80% were resiatant to sulfamethoxazole and cephradine. The isolates showed their resistance between 55-60 % to the other four antibiotic discs, viz; gentamycin, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin. Among 35 herbal extracts tested, 19 herbal extrats were found to possess antimicrobial activity in all multi-drug resistant isolates. Therefore these herbal extracts could be used in future direction as alternative therapeutic agents for the treatment of human diseases caused by Klebsiella sp. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i6.10534 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(6): 133-137
Dissolution enhancement of Capmul PG8 and Cremophor EL based Ibuprofen Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SEDDS) using Response surface methodology
Authors: Akhter Sadika , Hossain Md Ismail
Published: May 2012

In this study, a solubility enhancing technique, Self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS), was considered to be developed for Ibuprofen, a poorly soluble drug. Capmul PG 8 was used as a co-solvent. As surfactant, hydrophilic surfactant Cremophor EL was considered. A fixed amount of Ibuprofen was added with fixed amount of excipients. Capmul PG8 showed a good solubilizing capacity which dissolved 300 mg/ml of Ibuprofen. Cremophor EL also showed a good solubilizing capacity which dissolved 300 mg/ml of Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is a poorly soluble drug which was used as experimental drug and pH 7.2 phosphate buffer was used as dissolution medium. The amount of drug was measured form the absorbance of UV spectrophotometer at 221 nm. A 3-level factorial design was carried out to optimize the formulation using design expert software trial version 8.0.3.1. Capmul PG8 and Cremophor EL were used as independent variables where percent drug release at 5, 15 and 45 minutes. The optimized formula contains 24.10 mg Capmul PG8 and 71.02 mg Cremophor EL which releases 27.78%, 44.6% and 74.24% ibuprofen at the mentioned time interval. The present study shows that the Capmul PG8 and Cremophor EL have effect the release profile of capsule Ibuprofen. It is found that it is possible to increase the release of Ibuprofen by using Capmul PG8 and Cremophor EL. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i6.10535 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(6): 138-150
Wound healing activity of Cleome rutidosperma DC. roots
Authors: Mondal Sumanta , Suresh Padilam
Published: May 2012

The petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts of Cleome rutidosperma DC (Family: Capparidaceae) roots were evaluated for their wound healing activities in rats using excision and incision wound models respective-ly. The effects of test samples on the rate of wound healing were assessed by the rate of wound closure, period of epithelialisation and wound breaking strength. Nitrofurazone (0.2% w/w) in simple ointment I.P. was used as reference standard for the activity comparison. The results of the study revealed that the animals treated with methanol and aqueous extracts of C. rutidosperma showed faster rate of wound healing compared to other extracts under study. The chloroform extract of the selected plant also produced promising results but the effects are seen to be of lesser extent than the corresponding methanol and aqueous extracts. The petroleum ether extract did not produce significant results. The present work justifies the use of C. rutidosperma roots for wound healing activity as claimed in the folklore literature. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i6.10536 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(6): 151-154
Non-communicable disease (NCD) - high time to address
Authors: Mohammad Quazi Deen
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10484 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 95
Influence of menopause on serum lipoprotein (a)[Lp(a)]
Authors: Sultana N , Ahmed S , Parvin S , Mahal M , Chowdhury NS
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10529 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 102-106
Association of cirrhosis of liver with gall-stone disease
Authors: Matin ABMA , Rahman ANMZa , Hossain MZ , Hakim HAN , Rahman A
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10532 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 116-118
Effect of natural honey on blood glucose level of alloxan induced diabetic rats
Authors: Laila R , Parveen F , Khan MI , Rahman H , Ara F , Saha RR , Iqbal Md Jalaluddin
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10537 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 119-123
Maternal knowledge of growth monitoring charts of their children
Authors: Adhikary M
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10539 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 134-140
Relationship of serum calcium level with basal metabolic index & hip circumpherence in obese females of reproductive age
Authors: Akter N , Akhter AS , Hossain MZ , Deb SR , Khan MH , Shahjadi S , Begum R
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10540 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 141-145
Patients' satisfaction of surgery for resistant cases of de Quervain's disease
Authors: Das KP , Talukdar DC , Chowdhury RM , Islam A , Datta NK , Shoma FK , Islam MN
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10541 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 146-152
Prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors among adult rural women
Authors: Khan NR , Hossain MM , Ferdousi SK , Ara R , Hossain MZ , Hoque SR , Deb SR
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10542 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 153-158
Bile duct injury: clinical presentation and management
Authors: Hakim HAN , Ali M , Khan AS , Bhowmik B , Alam KZ , Rabbi H , Haque AHMA , Islam MN , Shahjadi S
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10543 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 159-167
Haemoglobin level among the regular voluntary blood donors
Authors: Hoque MM , Adnan SD , Begum HA , Rahman M , Rahman SM , Mamun MAA , Faruki MA
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10544 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 168-173
Serum free Triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone level in severe protein energy malnourished children
Authors: Shahjadi S , Khan AS , Akter QS , Akter N , Hasan SMMMA , Rahman T
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10545 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 175-177
Effect of SWD in the management of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Authors: Shoma FK , Mahmood K , Hossain MS
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10546 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 178-182
Efficacy of topical 1% pimecrolimus cream in the treatment of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Sultana A , Begum A , Bhuiyan MMSI , Zakaria ASM , Rabin F , Fakir AY , Ahmed S , Ahmed S
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10548 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 188-192
Haemoglobin-E disease in children: global and Bangladesh perspective - an updatB
Authors: Rahman AKMM , Uddin MK , Hossain MZ , Ahmad M , Begum RS , Ghosh AK , Fatmi LE , Das SR
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10549 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 193-198
Parathyroid adenoma: presented as an acute abdomen
Authors: Fakir MAY , Ahmad SM , Begum A , Masud MK , Mamun AA , Talukder DC
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10551 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 204-209
A case of fever of unknown origin and abdominal mass
Authors: Ahmed M , Patwary MI , Ansari MAJ , Choudhury MSR
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10552 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 210-212
Collodion baby - a case report and review of literatures
Authors: Mollah MAH , May M , Banerjee M , Das SR , Khan TH , Rahman H
Published: May 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i2.10553 J. Dhaka Med. Coll. 2011; 20(2): 213-217
Entropic Approach to Multiscale Clustering Analysis
Authors: De Domenico Manlio , Insolia Antonio
Published: May 2012

Recently, a novel method has been introduced to estimate the statistical significance of clustering in the direction distribution of objects. The method involves a multiscale procedure, based on the Kullback–Leibler divergence and the Gumbel statistics of extreme values, providing high discrimination power, even in presence of strong background isotropic contamination. It is shown that the method is: (i) semi-analytical, drastically reducing computation time; (ii) very sensitive to small, medium and large scale clustering; (iii) not biased against the null hypothesis. Applications to the physics of ultra-high energy cosmic rays, as a cosmological probe, are presented and discussed.
Second Law Constraints on the Dynamics of a Mixture of Two Fluids at Different Temperatures
Authors: Kirwan A. D.
Published: May 2012

Constitutive laws for multi-component fluids (MCF) is one of the thorniest problems in science. Two questions explored here are: how to ensure that these relations reduce to accepted forms when all but one of the constituents vanishes; and what constraints does the Second Law impose on the dynamics of viscous fluids at different temperatures? The analysis suggests an alternative to the metaphysical principles for MCF proposed by Truesdell [1].
The Chernobyl Tissue Bank — A Repository for Biomaterial and Data Used in Integrative and Systems Biology Modeling the Human Response to Radiation
Authors: Thomas Geraldine , Unger Kristian , Krznaric Marko , Galpine Angela , Bethel Jackie , Tomlinson Christopher , Woodbridge Mark , Butcher Sarah
Published: May 2012

The only unequivocal radiological effect of the Chernobyl accident on human health is the increase in thyroid cancer in those exposed in childhood or early adolescence. In response to the scientific interest in studying the molecular biology of thyroid cancer post Chernobyl, the Chernobyl Tissue Bank (CTB: www.chernobyltissuebank.com) was established in 1998. Thus far it is has collected biological samples from 3,861 individuals, and provided 27 research projects with 11,254 samples. The CTB was designed from its outset as a resource to promote the integration of research and clinical data to facilitate a systems biology approach to radiation related thyroid cancer. The project has therefore developed as a multidisciplinary collaboration between clinicians, dosimetrists, molecular biologists and bioinformaticians and serves as a paradigm for tissue banking in the omics era.
Humanity’s Bioregional Places: Linking Space, Aesthetics, and the Ethics of Reinhabitation
Authors: Ryan John Charles
Published: May 2012

Originally theorized as a radical environmental movement, bioregionalism connects humanity to the specificities of a place. To establish greater cohesion between environments and cultures, bioregionalism endeavors to integrate societal activities and the nuances of natural spaces known as bioregions. The criticism of bioregionalism, however, pertains to the shortcomings of circumscribing culture within ecological boundaries. In light of its criticism, bioregionalism can strengthen its theoretical basis and its potential for cultural change by engaging critically with space, aesthetics, and ethics. This engagement first involves the recognition of bioregionalism as an ethical possibility based on the fundamental spatial unit of the watershed. A watershed comprises vital regional ecological processes, bearing discrete aesthetic properties and patterns. Through the sensuous possibilities of watersheds, a bioregional aesthetic can be integrated with an ethic of reinhabitation. The relation between space, aesthetics, and ethics gives form to and sustains the experience of place, which is intrinsically related to promoting the awareness of ecological sustainability.
Early Fixation of Cobalt-Chromium Based Alloy Surgical Implants to Bone Using a Tissue-engineering Approach
Authors: Ogawa Munehiro , Tohma Yasuaki , Ohgushi Hajime , Takakura Yoshinori , Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: May 2012

To establish the methods of demonstrating early fixation of metal implants to bone, one side of a Cobalt-Chromium (CoCr) based alloy implant surface was seeded with rabbit marrow mesenchymal cells and the other side was left unseeded. The mesenchymal cells were further cultured in the presence of ascorbic acid, β-glycerophosphate and dexamethasone, resulting in the appearance of osteoblasts and bone matrix on the implant surface. Thus, we succeeded in generating tissue-engineered bone on one side of the CoCr implant. The CoCr implants were then implanted in rabbit bone defects. Three weeks after the implantation, evaluations of mechanical test, undecalcified histological section and electron microscope analysis were performed. Histological and electron microscope images of the tissue engineered surface exhibited abundant new bone formation. However, newly formed bone tissue was difficult to detect on the side without cell seeding. In the mechanical test, the mean values of pull-out forces were 77.15 N and 44.94 N for the tissue-engineered and non-cell-seeded surfaces, respectively. These findings indicate early bone fixation of the tissue-engineered CoCr surface just three weeks after implantation.
Effect of Tea Polyphenol on Oxidative Injury in S180 Cells Induced Hepatocarcinoma Mice
Authors: Cui Bo-Kang , Liu Su , Li Shu-Hong , Wang Jun , Wang Qi-Bo , Li Sheng-Ping , Lin Xiao-Jun
Published: May 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant nature of tea polyphenol on S180 cells induced liver cancer in mice. In the present study, hepatocellular carcinoma was induced by tumor transplantation of liver in situ. The antitumor activity of tea polyphenol has been determined in vivo in hepatocellular carcinoma mice after treatment of drug (50, 100, 150 mg/kg body weight) by gavage for 20 days. Results showed that a significant increase in serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransfere (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA) level, decrease in serum white blood cells (WBC), serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), A/G, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), liver reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were observed. In addition, the levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were decreased when subjected to S180 cells induction. These altered enzyme levels were ameliorated significantly by administration of tea polyphenol at the concentration of 50, 100, 150 mg/kg body weight in drug-treated animals. These results indicate that the protective effect of tea polyphenol was associated with inhibition of MDA induced by S180 cells and to maintain the antioxidant enzyme levels.
Quinoline-3-carboxamide Derivatives as Potential Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors
Authors: Li Wen-Yan , Xiong Xu-Qiong , Zhao Dong-Mei , Shi Yu-Fang , Yang Zhi-Heng , Yu Chao , Fan Pei-Wei , Cheng Mao-Sheng , Shen Jing-Kang
Published: May 2012

A series of novel quinoline-3-carboxamide derivatives 10–17 and 23–27 were designed and synthesized as cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors. All of them exhibited activity against CETP. Particularly, compounds 24 and 26 displayed the best activity against CETP with the same inhibitory rate of 80.1%.
Synthesis and Characterization of Triphenylphosphine Adducts of Ferrocene-Based Palladacycles and Their Performance in the Suzuki and Sonogashira Reactions with Bromo- and Chloroarenes
Authors: Bai Su-Zhen , Xu Chen , Li Hong-Mei , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Fu Wei-Jun
Published: May 2012

A new triphenylphosphine adduct of cyclopalladated ferrocenylpyridazine containing a chloride anion, 2a, has been synthesized from the reaction of the chloride-bridged palladacyclic dimer 1a with triphenylphosphine. The corresponding adducts 3a,b containing iodide anion have been readily prepared through anion exchange reactions of 2a,b with NaI in acetone. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H-NMR. Additionally, their crystal structures have been determined by X-ray diffraction and intermolecular C–H···X (Cl, Br, I) bonds were found in the crystals. The use of these palladacycles as catalysts for the Suzuki and Sonogashira reactions was examined. The complexes 2a,b exhibited higher catalytic activity than the corresponding 3a,b in the Suzuki reaction. However, the order of activity of adducts with varying halogen anions is 3a~3b > 2a~2b in the Sonogashira reaction.
Low Power Greenhouse Gas Sensors for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Khan Amir , Schaefer David , Tao Lei , Miller David J. , Sun Kang , Zondlo Mark A. , Harrison William A. , Roscoe Bryan , Lary David J.
Published: May 2012

We demonstrate compact, low power, lightweight laser-based sensors for measuring trace gas species in the atmosphere designed specifically for electronic unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms. The sensors utilize non-intrusive optical sensing techniques to measure atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations with unprecedented vertical and horizontal resolution (~1 m) within the planetary boundary layer. The sensors are developed to measure greenhouse gas species including carbon dioxide, water vapor and methane in the atmosphere. Key innovations are the coupling of very low power vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) to low power drive electronics and sensitive multi-harmonic wavelength modulation spectroscopic techniques. The overall mass of each sensor is between 1–2 kg including batteries and each one consumes less than 2 W of electrical power. In the initial field testing, the sensors flew successfully onboard a T-Rex Align 700E robotic helicopter and showed a precision of 1% or less for all three trace gas species. The sensors are battery operated and capable of fully automated operation for long periods of time in diverse sensing environments. Laser-based trace gas sensors for UAVs allow for high spatial mapping of local greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmospheric boundary layer where land/atmosphere fluxes occur. The high-precision sensors, coupled to the ease-of-deployment and cost effectiveness of UAVs, provide unprecedented measurement capabilities that are not possible with existing satellite-based and suborbital aircraft platforms.