bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Maturity-Onset-Diabetes of the Young (MODY) mutations in a country where diabetes is endemic
Authors: Al-Kandari Hessa , Al-Abdulrazzaq Dalia , Davidsson Lena , Nizam Rasheeba , Jacob Sindhu , Melhem Motasem , John Sumi Elsa , Al-Mulla Fahd
Published: August 2021

Genetic variants responsible for Maturity-Onset-Diabetes of the Young (MODY) in Kuwait were investigated. A newly established a National Referral Clinic, the Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI-NRC), assessed forty-five members from 31 suspected MODY families by whole exome sequencing. Thirty-three of the 45 samples were independently sequenced at the DDI-NRI, Exeter University, UK (https://www.diabetesgenes.org/) using targeted 21-gene panel approach. Pathogenic mutations in GCK, HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A, and PDX1 confirmed MODY in 7 families, giving an overall positivity rate of 22.6% in this cohort. Novel variants were identified in three families in PDX1, HNF1B, and HNF1B. In this cohort, Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification assay did not add any value to MODY variant detection rate in sequencing negative cases. In highly selected familial autoantibody negative diabetes, known MODY genes represent a minority and 77.3% of the familial cases have yet to have a causal variant described.
Transportation protocols for accurate assessment of microbial burden classification using molecular methods
Authors: Kung Amelia , Chen Jade , Tomasek Michael , Liu Dakai , Rodgers William , Gau Vincent
Published: August 2021

Point-of-care testing is cost-effective, rapid, and could assist in avoiding hospital visits during a pandemic. However, they present some significant risks that current technologies cannot fully address. Skin flora contamination and insufficient specimen volume are two major limitations preventing self-collection microbiological testing outside of hospital settings. We are developing a hybrid testing procedure to bridge the laboratory test with patient-side specimen collection and transportation for molecular microbial classification of causative bacterial infection and early identification of microbial susceptibility profiles directly from whole blood or urine specimens collected patient-side by health care workers such as phlebotomists in nursing homes or family clinics. This feasibility study presents our initial development efforts, in which we tested various transportation conditions (tubes, temperature, duration) for direct-from-specimen viable pathogen detection to determine the ideal conditions that allowed for differentiation between contaminant and causative bacteria in urine specimens and optimal growth for low-concentration blood specimens after transportation. For direct-from-urine assays, the viable pathogen at the clinical cutoff of 105 CFU/mL was detected after transportation with molecular assays while contaminants (≤ 104 CFU/mL) were not. For direct-from-blood assays, contrived blood samples as low as 0.8 CFU/mL were reported positive after transportation without the need for blood culture.
Insulin-like growth factor-1 level is a poor diagnostic indicator of growth hormone deficiency
Authors: Iwayama Hideyuki , Kitagawa Sachiko , Sada Jyun , Miyamoto Ryosuke , Hayakawa Tomohito , Kuroyanagi Yoshiyuki , Muto Taichiro , Kurahashi Hirokazu , Ohashi Wataru , Takagi Junko , Okumura Akihisa
Published: August 2021

We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) for screening growth hormone deficiency (GHD) to determine the usefulness of IGF-1 as a screening test. Among 298 consecutive children who had short stature or decreased height velocity, we measured IGF-1 levels and performed growth hormone (GH) secretion test using clonidine, arginine, and, in cases with different results of the two tests, L-dopa. Patients with congenital abnormalities were excluded. GHD was defined as peak GH ≤ 6.0 ng/mL in the two tests. We identified 60 and 238 patients with and without GHD, respectively. The mean IGF-1 standard deviation (SD) was not significantly different between the GHD and non-GHD groups (p = 0.23). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the best diagnostic accuracy at an IGF-1 cutoff of − 1.493 SD, with 0.685 sensitivity, 0.417 specificity, 0.25 positive and 0.823 negative predictive values, and 0.517 area under the curve. Correlation analysis revealed that none of the items of patients’ characteristics increased the diagnostic power of IGF-1. IGF-1 level had poor diagnostic accuracy as a screening test for GHD. Therefore, IGF-1 should not be used alone for GHD screening. A predictive biomarker for GHD should be developed in the future.
Increased frequency of Th17 cells and IL-17 levels are associated with low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women
Authors: Bhadricha Hetal , Patel Vainav , Singh Amit Kumar , Savardekar Lalita , Patil Anushree , Surve Suchitra , Desai Meena
Published: August 2021

Osteoporosis is one of the chronic and often neglected bone diseases in aging postmenopausal women that affect the quality of life. Studies on ovariectomized mice models indicated the reciprocal role of Th17 cells and Treg cells in the aetiology of osteoporosis. While Th17 cells promote osteoclastogenesis, Treg cells exhibit anti-osteoclastogenic activity. This exploratory study aimed to determine the difference in the frequency of these T-cell subtypes in pre-and postmenopausal women and to examine their association with BMD. In our study, the frequency of Treg cells, analyzed by flow cytometry, did not differ between pre-and postmenopausal women. However, plasma levels of IL-10 along with IL-10+CD4+T cells were higher in post- compared to premenopausal women. The frequency of Th17 cells was higher in postmenopausal women irrespective of their BMD, however, only postmenopausal women with low BMD had elevated IL-17 levels and their T-scores were associated with Th17 frequency. Collectively, the results suggest that estrogen insufficiency in postmenopausal women may lead to increased Th17 cell frequency and elevated IL-17 levels which are associated with low BMD. This study highlights, Th17 cells and IL-17 as key players in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and they can be the potential targets for immunotherapy in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Explainable DCNN based chest X-ray image analysis and classification for COVID-19 pneumonia detection
Authors: Hou Jie , Gao Terry
Published: August 2021

To speed up the discovery of COVID-19 disease mechanisms by X-ray images, this research developed a new diagnosis platform using a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) that is able to assist radiologists with diagnosis by distinguishing COVID-19 pneumonia from non-COVID-19 pneumonia in patients based on chest X-ray classification and analysis. Such a tool can save time in interpreting chest X-rays and increase the accuracy and thereby enhance our medical capacity for the detection and diagnosis of COVID-19. The explainable method is also used in the DCNN to select instances of the X-ray dataset images to explain the behavior of training-learning models to achieve higher prediction accuracy. The average accuracy of our method is above 96%, which can replace manual reading and has the potential to be applied to large-scale rapid screening of COVID-9 for widely use cases.
Heavier element-containing aromatics of [4n+2]-electron systems
Authors: Ota Kei , Kinjo Rei
Published: August 2021

This review focuses on the heavier group 13–15 element-containing heterocycles of [4n+2]-electron systems featuring classical and advanced aromatics.
A sandwich-type photoelectrochemical aptasensor using Au/BiVO4 and CdS quantum dots for carcinoembryonic antigen assay
Authors: Zhou Nan , Xu Xiaofan , Li Xi , Yao Wengao , He Xiaohang , Dong Yulin , Liu Dan , Hu Xiaosong , Lin Yawei , Xie Zhizhong , Qu Deyu , Zhang Chaocan
Published: August 2021

A sandwich-type PEC aptasensor based on Au/BiVO4 and CdS QDs exhibits a high detection performance for CEA due to LSPR and RET.
Copper(ii) mediated ortho C–H alkoxylation of aromatic amines using organic peroxides: efficient synthesis of hindered ethers
Authors: Sarkar Souvik , Sahoo Tapan , Sen Chiranjit , Ghosh Subhash Chandra
Published: August 2021

A unique approach to synthesize hindered alkyl aryl ether derivatives (R–O–Ar) via copper catalyzed aromatic C–H alkoxylation with bulky alkoxy groups using very simple peroxide tBuOOtBu is described here.
Constructing highly sensitive ratiometric nanothermometers based on indirectly thermally coupled levels
Authors: Wang Yubin , Lei Lei , Liu Enyang , Cheng Yao , Xu Shiqing
Published: August 2021

By means of the temperature-dependent phonon assisted non-radiative relaxation, the Er3+: 4I13/2 is indirectly thermally coupled with 4S3/2 one under NIR excitation, and the maximum relative sensitivity is up to 3.76% K−1 at 295 K.
Highly regioselective and stereoselective synthesis of C-Aryl glycosides via nickel-catalyzed ortho-C–H glycosylation of 8-aminoquinoline benzamides
Authors: Shi Wei-Yu , Ding Ya-Nan , Zheng Nian , Gou Xue-Ya , Zhang Zhe , Chen Xi , Luan Yu-Yong , Niu Zhi-Jie , Liang Yong-Min
Published: August 2021

A novel and cost-effective nickel catalyzed ortho-CAr–H glycosylation reaction with high regioselectivity and excellent α-selectivity is described.
Electron attachment to microhydrated 4-nitro- and 4-bromo-thiophenol
Authors: Sala Leo , Sedmidubská Barbora , Vinklárek Ivo , Fárník Michal , Schürmann Robin , Bald Ilko , Med Jakub , Slavíček Petr , Kočišek Jaroslav
Published: August 2021

Electron attachment to microhydrated NTP results primarily in NTP−formation. For BTP, the result depends on where the water molecules are bound in the precursor: formation of BTP−when SH-bound and fragmentation to form hydrated Br−when Br-bound.
Pattern recognition as a new strategy in high-resolution spectroscopy: application to methanol OH-stretch overtones
Authors: Rakovský Jozef , Svoboda Vít , Horká-Zelenková Veronika , Votava Ondrej
Published: August 2021

We develop an approach for line-by-line assignments of complex high-resolution overtone spectra based on ground state combination differences. Observed line patterns in the spectra determine energies and rotational assignments of individual upper ro-vibrational levels.
Red-light sensitized hole-conducting polymer for energy conversion
Authors: Seidler Bianca , Wahyuono Ruri Agung , Wintergerst Pascal , Ahner Johannes , Hager Martin D. , Rau Sven , Schubert Ulrich S. , Dietzek Benjamin
Published: August 2021

We report a novel hole conductive polymer with photoactive Os(ii) complexes in the side chains.
Fabrication and photocatalytic activity of graphitic-C3N4 quantum dots-decorated basic zinc carbonate prepared by a co-precipitation method
Authors: Zhao Ping , Jin Bo , Zhang Qingchun , Peng Rufang
Published: August 2021

CNQDs with a high quantum yield (43%) were synthesized by incorporating bacbituric acid into the framework of the carbon nitride structure. The CNQDs/BZC with high photocatalysis performance was produced by co-precipitation CNQDs solution with zinc nitrate.
Correction: A computational probe granting insight into intra and inter-stacking interactions in squaraine dye derivatives
Authors: Gunturu Krishna Chaitanya , Schulzke Carola
Published: August 2021

Correction for ‘A computational probe granting insight into intra and inter-stacking interactions in squaraine dye derivatives’ by Krishna Chaitanya Gunturu et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/D1CP01387D.
Nb-Doped nickel nitride-derived catalysts for electrochemical water splitting
Authors: Xiang Jiadong , Zou Wenjian , Tang Hao
Published: August 2021

An alkaline electrolyzer using Nb-doped nickel nitride-derived catalysts as electrodes for overall water splitting delivers 10 mA cm−2 at a low cell voltage of 1.61 V.
Towards understanding the magnetism of Os(iv) complexes: an ab initio insight
Authors: Ungur Liviu , Pallitsch Katharina , AlOthman Zeid A. , Al-Kahtani Abdullah A. S. , Arion Vladimir B. , Chibotaru Liviu F.
Published: August 2021

Electronic structure and magnetism of a recently synthesized trans-[OsIVCl4(κN1-Hind)2] complex (5d4-system), where Hind = 2H-indazole, was studied experimentally and theoretically.
Constructing high-performance H3PW12O40/CoS2 counter electrodes for quantum dot sensitized solar cells by reducing the surface work function of CoS2
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Zhang Qiu , Wang Yumeng , Li Fengyan , Xu Lin
Published: August 2021

Due to the etching of PW12, the hollow structure PW12-2/CoS2 is composed of rough nano-particles and used as the counter electrode of QDSSCs. The photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) is 6.29%.
Enhancing red luminescence by doping Yb3+ into Er3+ self-sensitized Gd2O2S upconverting nanoparticles under excitation at 1530 nm
Authors: Xing Mingming , Kang Lihua , Wu Xingyu , Pang Tao , Wang Hong , Fu Yao , Luo Xixian , Tian Ying
Published: August 2021

Highly efficient red upconversion luminescence is achieved by introducing Yb3+ ions into Er3+ self-sensitized Gd2O2S nanoparticles under excitation at 1530 nm.
Enhancement of the hydrophilic feruloyl glycerol synthesis using A-35 as a catalyst and its functional characteristics
Authors: Wang Xinying , Chen Xiaowei , Sun Shangde , Xu Rui
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate enhancement of the hydrophilic feruloyl glycerol preparation using an economical catalyst and a substrate and its functional characteristics.
Label-free single-cell isolation enabled by microfluidic impact printing and real-time cellular recognition
Authors: Wang Yiming , Wang Xiaojie , Pan Tingrui , Li Baoqing , Chu Jiaru
Published: August 2021

A single-cell sorter combined microfluidic printing with image processing to isolate single cells in a high-efficiency, high-throughput, and label-free manner.
A graphene oxide modified cellulose nanocrystal/PNIPAAm IPN hydrogel for the adsorption of Congo red and methylene blue
Authors: Zhang Lijuan , Zhao Dongqing , Lu Yao , Chen Jinghan , Li Haotian , Xie Jinghan , Xu Yue , Yuan Haikuan , Liu Xijian , Zhu Xueyan , Lu Jie
Published: August 2021

A simple strategy is developed to fabricate a graphene oxide modified cellulose nanocrystal/PNIPAAm IPN (GO-CNC/PNIPAAm IPN) hydrogel. It is a high-efficiency and low-cost adsorbent for the removal the anionic dye CR and cationic dye MB.
Laser-induced switching of the biological activity of phosphonate molecules
Authors: Kolesnikov Ilya , Khokhlova Anastasia , Pankin Dmitry , Pilip Anna , Egorova Anastasia , Zigel Vladislav , Gureev Maxim , Leuchs Gerd , Manshina Alina
Published: August 2021

The effect of laser activation on butyrylcholinesterase inhibition by a series of phosphorylated arylaminomalonates with different substituents in the phenyl ring is demonstrated.
Surface morphology controls water dissociation on hydrated IrO2 nanoparticles
Authors: González Danilo , Sodupe Mariona , Rodríguez-Santiago Luis , Solans-Monfort Xavier
Published: August 2021

Metal coordination, surface morphology and water coverage controls water adsorption energy and the dissociation degree on hydrated Wulff like stoichiometric IrO2 nanoparticles.
Arf6-mediated macropinocytosis-enhanced suicide gene therapy of C16TAB-condensed Tat/pDNA nanoparticles in ovarian cancer
Authors: Sun Zhe , Huang Jinhai , Su Linjia , Li Jing , Qi Fangzheng , Su Huishan , Chen Yanan , Zhang Qing , Zhang Qiangzhe , Li Zongjin , Zhang Sihe
Published: August 2021

The cellular uptake of C16TAB-condensed Tat/pDNA nanoparticles (Tat/pDNA/C16TAB, T–P–C) was controlled by Arf6-dependent, Rab-activated macropinocytosis, which promoted T–P–C nanoparticle-based suicide gene therapy of ovarian cancer.
Correction: Combining PD-L1 inhibitors with immunogenic cell death triggered by chemo-photothermal therapy via a thermosensitive liposome system to stimulate tumor-specific immunological response
Authors: Yu Jie , He Xidong , Wang Zigui , Wang Yupeng , Liu Sha , Xie Zhigang , Li Xiaoyuan , Huang Yubin
Published: August 2021

Correction for ‘Combining PD-L1 inhibitors with immunogenic cell death triggered by chemo-photothermal therapy via a thermosensitive liposome system to stimulate tumor-specific immunological response’ by Jie Yu et al., Nanoscale, 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03288g.
Role of polyunsaturated phospholipids in liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases
Authors: Yang Jing , Jin Jianyu , Li Shiben
Published: August 2021

Polyunsaturated phospholipids play a strong repulsive role in the liquid-disordered phase but a weak role in the liquid-ordered phase.
New insights for titanium(iv) speciation in acidic media based on UV-visible and 31P NMR spectroscopies and molecular modeling
Authors: Mangold Lucas , Halleux Hubert , Leclerc Sébastien , Moncomble Aurélien , Cote Gérard , Chagnes Alexandre
Published: August 2021

A spectroscopic study of titanium(iv) speciation in diluted nitric acid (model of non-complexing medium) and 0.1–12.7 mol L−1 phosphoric acid aqueous solutions. Evidence for the presence of polynuclear species is supported by molecular modeling.
Pulsatile reverse flow actuated microfluidic injector: toward the application for single-molecule chemotropism assay
Authors: Yanagisawa Naoki , Kozgunova Elena , Higashiyama Tetsuya
Published: August 2021

A localized chemical delivery technique to study cellular responses to signaling molecules.
Cadmium oxide nanoparticles/graphene composite: synthesis, theoretical insights into reactivity and adsorption study
Authors: Husein Dalal Z. , Hassanien Reda , Khamis Mona
Published: August 2021

Graphene-based metal oxide nanocomposites are interesting and promising kinds of nanocomposites due to their large specific area, fast kinetics, and specific affinity towards heavy metal contaminants.
Metal-centered monocyclic carbon wheel clusters with record coordination numbers in planar species
Authors: Lu Xiao-Qin , Lu Hai-Gang , Li Si-Dian
Published: August 2021

First-principle theory calculations reveal record coordination numbers of CN = 13 inD13hLa©C13+, CN = 12 inC2vY©B6C6+, and CN = 11 inC2vSc©B5C6in planar species, effectively enriching the chemical structures and bonding patterns of planar hypercoordinated complexes.
Correction: Nano zero valent iron (nZVI) particles for the removal of heavy metals (Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+) from aqueous solutions
Authors: Tarekegn Mekonnen Maschal , Hiruy Andualem Mekonnen , Dekebo Ahmed Hussen
Published: August 2021

Correction for ‘Nano zero valent iron (nZVI) particles for the removal of heavy metals (Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+) from aqueous solutions’ by Mekonnen Maschal Tarekegn et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 18539–18551. DOI: 10.1039/D1RA01427G.
Insight into the synthesis and tuning of uncoated, core–shell structured lithium nickel phosphate
Authors: Raafat Leila , Thorimbert Fanny , Diem Achim M. , Fenk Bernhard , Bill Joachim , Burghard Zaklina
Published: August 2021

This work explores the nexus between the synthesis, structure and operating conditions to revive lithium nickel phosphateThe targeted tuning of the surface chemistry into a core–shell structure enhanced thereby the overall electrochemical performance.
A sandwich-like Ga2FeS4-supported single metal atom as a promising bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Huang Hai-Cai , Li Jun , Zhao Yang , Dong Xiao-Xiao , Li De-Kang , Wang Hao , Chen Jing , Bu Yuxiang , Cheng Shi-Bo
Published: August 2021

Strain-driven bifunctional SACs on a ternary Ga2FeS4 sandwich material are promising for overall water splitting.
Mixed-valence gold bis(diselenolene) complex turning metallic under pressure
Authors: Le Gal Yann , Cui HengBo , Alemany Pere , Canadell Enric , Kato Reizo , Roisnel Thierry , Dorcet Vincent , Fourmigué Marc , Lorcy Dominique
Published: August 2021

A rare mixed-valence gold bis(diselenolene) complex, exhibiting charge order between cis and trans isomers stabilized by C–H⋯S interactions, turns metallic under high pressure (>10 GPa)
A novel neurotensin/xenin fusion peptide enhances β-cell function and exhibits antidiabetic efficacy in high-fat fed mice
Authors: Perry Rachele A. , Craig Sarah. L. , Gault Victor A. , Flatt Peter R. , Irwin Nigel
Published: August 2021

Neurotensin and xenin possess antidiabetic potential, mediated in part through augmentation of incretin hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), action. In the present study, fragment peptides of neurotensin and xenin, acetyl-neurotensin and xenin-8-Gln, were fused together to create Ac-NT/XN-8-Gln. Following assessment of enzymatic stability, effects of Ac-NT/XN-8-Gln on in vitro β-cell function were studied. Subchronic antidiabetic efficacy of Ac-NT/XN-8-Gln alone, and in combination with the clinically approved GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4, was assessed in high-fat fed (HFF) mice. Ac-NT/XN-8-Gln was highly resistant to plasma enzyme degradation and induced dose-dependent insulin-releasing actions (P<0.05 to P<0.01) in BRIN-BD11 β-cells and isolated mouse islets. Ac-NT/XN-8-Gln augmented (P<0.001) the insulinotropic actions of GIP, while possessing independent β-cell proliferative (P<0.001) and anti-apoptotic (P<0.01) actions. Twice daily treatment of HFF mice with Ac-NT/XN-8-Gln for 32 days improved glycaemic control and circulating insulin, with benefits significantly enhanced by combined exendin-4 treatment. This was reflected by reduced body fat mass (P<0.001), improved circulating lipid profile (P<0.01) and reduced HbA1c concentrations (P<0.01) in the combined treatment group. Following an oral glucose challenge, glucose levels were markedly decreased (P<0.05) only in combination treatment group and superior to exendin-4 alone, with similar observations made in response to glucose plus GIP injection. The combined treatment group also presented with improved insulin sensitivity, decreased pancreatic insulin content as well as increased islet and β-cell areas. These data reveal that Ac-NT/XN-8-Gln is a biologically active neurotensin/xenin fusion peptide that displays prominent antidiabetic efficacy when administered together with exendin-4.
Hierarchical clustering framework for facility location selection with practical constraints
Authors: Lin Tianze , Liu Yang , Liu Boyang , Wang Yu , Wu Shengnan , Zhe Wenming
Published: August 2021

Facility location selection plays a critical role in the planning of logistics networks. It selects the addresses of facility nodes from a candidate set of locations to optimise multiple targets such as transportation efficiency and economic cost considering the practical constraints of the real world. Thus, it is often formulated as a combinational optimisation problem, which is solved by either mixed integer programing algorithms or heuristic methods. However, these approaches are limited by several issues such as a high computational cost and weak generalisation flexibility. In this work, a novel hierarchical clustering framework is proposed for facility location selection, which can flexibly support a wide variety of optimisation targets and the combinations of multiple practical constraints that are vital in the real logistics scenarios. Beyond the original hierarchical clustering algorithm, it incorporates a looking‐forward mechanism that alleviates the ‘greedy trap’ by utilising global information. These advantages enable the proposed method to generate reliable solutions with high time efficiency. As demonstrated by the experimental results on real JD Logistics data, the proposed method outperforms the widely adopted GGA and VNS algorithms. It also has a much lower computation cost compared to the SCIP solver, while the quality of solutions are within an acceptable range.
A Relative Analysis of Genetic Algorithm and Binary Particle Swarm Optimization for Finding the Optimal Cost of Wind Power Generation in Tirumala Area of India
Authors: Bhattacharjee Prasun , Jana Rabin K. , Bhattacharya Somenath
Published: August 2021

Although India presently holds the global fourth-biggest instated Wind Power Generation (WPG) capability, it necessitates advancing more rapidly to satisfy the rising energy requirement of its evolving economy while restraining the consequential greenhouse gas emission. To accomplish the impressive target of setting up 140 GW WPG competence by 2030 as proposed by the Government of India, a greater number of financially viable wind farms are required to function all over the country without further ado. This paper focuses on finding the optimal cost for WPG in the Tirumala area of Andhra Pradesh. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) have been employed concurrently with four randomly chosen terrain conditions. The research outcomes demonstrate the superior capability of BPSO to attain the most optimal cost of energy.
Various Approaches of Machine Translation for Marathi to English Language
Authors: Shirsath Nilesh , Velankar Aniruddha , Patil Ranjeet , Shinde Shilpa
Published: August 2021

Machine Translation (MT) is a generic term for computerised systems that generate translations from one natural language to another, with or without human intervention. Text may be used to examine knowledge, and turning that information into pictures helps people to communicate and acquire information.There seems to be a lot of work conducted on translating English to Hindi, Tamil, Bangla and other languages. The important parts of translation are to provide translated sentences with correct words and proper grammar. There has been a comprehensive review of 10 primary publications used in research. Two separate approaches are proposed, one uses rule based approach and other uses neural-machine translation approach to translate basic Marathi phrases to English. While designed primarily for Marathi-English language pairs, the design can be applied to other language pairs with a similar structure.
Deep-Facial Feature-Based Person Re-identification for Authentication in Surveillance Applications
Authors: Borse Pranjal , Gaikwad Aishwarya , Dabhade Nachiket , Saxena Harsha
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, a large network of cameras is predominantly used in public places which provide enormous video data. These data are monitored manually and may be utilized only when the need arises to ascertain the facts. Automating the system can improve the quality of surveillance and be useful for high-level surveillance tasks like person identification, suspicious activity detection or undesirable event prediction for timely alerts. In this paper, we proposed a model that can Re-identify a person from a single camera tracking environment. This system will automatically extract face features of the person and generate the Unique Id for each person when it enters for the first time in the monitored area. Its face features are stored in the database which will help to Re-identify the person whenever the same person appears again. The challenges faced by the system are occlusion, pose, light conditions, and face orientation. The proposed system highlights, effect of different deep neural networks for Person Re-identification and compares based on the accuracy, GPU usage, Speed, Number of faces detected by overcoming the challenges like illumination and occlusion. The advantage of the system is it doesn′t require the database of people in advance for recognition and it will be helpful for criminal identification for crime control and prevention.
Cyber Bullying Detection on Social Media using Machine Learning
Authors: Desai Aditya , Kalaskar Shashank , Kumbhar Omkar , Dhumal Rashmi
Published: August 2021

Usage of internet and social media backgrounds tends in the use of sending, receiving and posting of negative, harmful, false or mean content about another individual which thus means Cyberbullying. Bullying over social media also works the same as threatening, calumny, and chastising the individual. Cyberbullying has led to a severe increase in mental health problems, especially among the young generation. It has resulted in lower self-esteem, increased suicidal ideation. Unless some measure against cyberbullying is taken, self-esteem and mental health issues will affect an entire generation of young adults. Many of the traditional machine learning models have been implemented in the past for the automatic detection of cyberbullying on social media. But these models have not considered all the necessary features that can be used to identify or classify a statement or post as bullying. In this paper, we proposed a model based on various features that should be considered while detecting cyberbullying and implement a few features with the help of a bidirectional deep learning model called BERT.
Algorithmic Trading Bot
Authors: Mathur Medha , Mhadalekar Satyam , Mhatre Sahil , Mane Vanita
Published: August 2021

Algorithmic trading uses algorithms that follow a trend and defined set of instructions to perform a trade. The trade can generate revenue at an inhuman and enhanced speed and frequency. The characterized sets of trading guidelines that are passed on to the program are reliant upon timing, value, amount, or any mathematical model. Aside from profitable openings for the trader, algo-trading renders the market more liquid and trading more precise by precluding the effect of human feelings on trading. Our project aims to further this revolution in the markets of tomorrow by providing an effective and efficient solution to overcome the drawbacks faced due to manual trading by building an Algorithmic Trading Bot which will automatically trade user strategies alongside its own algorithms for day-to-day trading based on different market conditions and user approach ,and throughout the course of the day invest and trade with continuous modifications to ensure the best trade turnover for the day while reducing the transaction cost, hence enabling huge profits for concerned users be it Organizations or individuals.
Ensuring social distancing using machine learning
Authors: Mathurkar Gaurav , Parkhi Chinmay , Utekar Manish , Chitte Pallavi H.
Published: August 2021

COVID-19 (Coronavirus) has affected our daily life and is slackening the global economy. In this fight against the COVID-19, social-distancing is proving to be an effective measure to slow down the transmission of coronavirus. In order to control the spread of transmission of COVID-19, social distancing is the best measure which aims to avoid close contact of people. In order to control the spread of transmission of COVID-19, social distancing is the best measure which aims to avoid close contact of people. With the aim of ensuring social- distancing norms in workplace and public places, we can develop a social-distancing detection tool that monitors if people are staying at a safe distance from each other. This can be done by examining real-time video streams from the cameras. In order to provide an effective solution, we are developing a model which has mainly two phases - firstly object detection phase where people will be detected from the video streams. Secondly showing the statistical analysis in the form of dashboards and sending alerts to concerned authorities to take necessary actions.
Path following method for AUV based on Q-Learning and RBF neural network
Authors: Li Zeyu , Liu Weidong , Li Le , Zhang Wenbo , Guo Liwei
Published: August 2021

In the underwater docking process, the oscillation on AUV velocity brings extra challenge on AUV path following. A Q-learning based Sliding Mode Control (SMC) method to increase the path following performances is proposed. Firstly, AUV guidance law is designed to reduce the path following error. Heading and depth sliding mode controllers are designed to track the guidance law. Then, according to AUV velocity, tracking error and the first derivative, the control parameters of SMC are optimized via Q-learning network. RBF neural network is built to accelerate the offline learning rate. Finally, numerical simulations are made to investigate the characteristics of the present method. Comparisons are made between the trained Q-learning based SMC and the traditional SMC. The results show the effectiveness of the present method.
Research on underwater sound source ranging algorithm based on histogram filtering
Authors: Liu Lili , Li Jinghua , Feng Xiaoyi , Shi Haijie , Zhang Xiaobiao
Published: August 2021

Aiming at the distance measurement of moving sound sources in shallow seas, this paper proposes a method of histogram filtering to realize underwater distance estimation of moving sound sources in shallow seas. The algorithm used the transmission loss, target motion parameter in the sound propagation and receival signal as prior knowledge to updated the state vector of the sound source, so as to realize the distance estimation of the shallow sea sound source, and this paper used SwellEx-96 database for experimental verification. The experimental results shown that: the depth estimating error of moving sound source is small, and when the detected horizontal distance is in the range of 10 km, the maximum range error of the horizontal distance is ±10 m, meanwhile the accuracy of ranging can be improved by improving the prior knowledge of the target motion parameters, which verifies that the histogram filtering algorithm can achieve better ranging for underwater moving targets.
An active control method for reducing sonic boom of supersonic aircraft
Authors: Ye Liuqing , Ye Zhengyin , Ma Boping
Published: August 2021

Sonic boom reduction has been an urgent need to develop the future supersonic transport, because of the heavy damages of the noise pollution. This paper provides an active control method for the supersonic aircraft to reduce the sonic boom, wherein a suction slot near the leading edge and an injection slot near the trailing edge on the airfoil suction surface are opened, and the mass flow sucked in near the leading edge is equal to the mass flow injected near the trailing edge. The diamond and 566 airfoils are adopted as the baseline airfoil to verify the capability of the active control method, and the effects of the suction and injection location, the mass flow rate and the attack angle on the ground boom signature, the maximum overpressure, the drag coefficients and the ratio of lift to drag are studied in detail. The results show that the proposed active control method can significantly reduce the sonic boom, and the reduction of the sonic boom intensity is more sensitive to the injection near the trailing edge than the suction near the leading edge. Applying this active control method to the diamond (NACA0008) airfoil, when the mass flow rate is 6.5 kg/s(7.5 kg/s), the value of maximum positive overpressure is decreased by 12.87%(12.85%), the value of maximum negative overpressure is decreased by 33.83%(56.77%) and the drag coefficient is decreased by 9.50%(10.96%). It can be seen that the method proposed in this paper has great benefits in the reduction of sonic boom and provides a useful reference for designing a new generation of lower sonic boom supersonic aircraft.
New approach to dehaze single nighttime image
Authors: Duan Biao , Li Jing , Chen Huaimin , Ru Yi , Zhang Ze
Published: August 2021

This paper focus on the dehazing of a single image captured at nighttime. The current state-of-the-art nighttime dehazing approaches usually suffer from the color shift problem due to the fact that the assumptions enforced underdaytime cannot get applied to the nighttime image directly. The classical dehazing methods try to estimate the transmission mapand accurate light to dehaze a single image. The present basic idea is to firstly separate the light layer from the hazy image and thetransmission map can be computed afterwards. A new layer separation method is proposed to solve the non-globalatmospheric light problem. The present method on some real datasets to show its superior performance is validated.
High-speed train positioning method based on motion constraints suppressing INS error in tunnel
Authors: Sun Zhenqian , Tang Kanghua , Wu Meiping , Guo Yan , Wang Xueying
Published: August 2021

When the high-speed train is running in tunnel, the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal is completely lost, and only relying on the inertial navigation system (INS) composed of micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) devices makes large navigation error. To solve this problem, a method considering the installation angles of micro inertial measurement unit (MIMU) relative to the train body for motion constraints aided inertial navigation system (CIAMC-INS) is proposed, which does not need extra sensors. This method first establishes motion constraints model based on the installation angles of MIMU; secondly, the effect of turning on the motion constraints model is analyzed, and the use condition of motion constraints is obtained; then, the installation angles of MIMU are estimated when GNSS signal is good and the use condition of motion constraints is met; finally, the estimated installation angles are applied to the motion constraints to suppress the error of pure inertial navigation system (P-INS) to improve the navigation accuracy in tunnel. Based on this method, high-speed train navigation tests are carried out both in the real tunnel environment and in the case of artificially disconnected GNSS signal. The experimental results show that the navigation accuracy of the train in the tunnel is significantly improved, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.
Numerical simulation of thermoacoustic instability in Rijke tube
Authors: Liu Haozhe , YAN Hong
Published: August 2021

The influence of three different states on the thermoacoustic instability characteristics of Rijke tube was compared in order to reseach the influencing factors of thermoacoustic oscillation by using the Rijke tube model with stack as the heat source. The thermoacoustic oscillations are numerically simulated from the start-up to the saturation state, and the effects of the temperature on the dynamic viscosity and the thermal conductivity are compared. The results show gravity has a greater influence than the thermoacoustic oscillation caused by thermal buoyancy, and it is related to the inner balance of the tube after the gravity and the temperature gradient caused by the protrusion and the temperature gradient caused by the reduction of the amplitude dissipation. For the comprehensive comparison of the two variable parameters, it is found that when the viscosity coefficient changes with temperature and the thermal conductivity is a fixed value, both of them decrease by 49.5% with the temperature change rate. This result far exceeds the viscosity coefficient itself influences.
Influence of magnetic angle on the E × B drift in a magnetic presheath
Authors: Caron D. , Scime E. E.
Published: August 2021

In this work, we provide experimental measurements of the E×B flow above a non-magnetic, absorbing boundary in a magnetized plasma. Measurements are taken as a function of the angle between the background magnetic field and the boundary normal. The measurements are compared to computational predictions for oblique magnetic fields based on Chodura's model. Ion flow measurements were obtained with laser induced fluorescence and the presheath potential structure was measured with an emissive probe. The ions were found to accelerate to nearly 30% of the sound speed parallel to the boundary at oblique angles of the magnetic field (∼80°) and the ion speed at the electrostatic sheath edge was found to decrease with angle. The edge of the magnetic presheath has been experimentally determined based on the appearance of the E×B drift and is found to be independent of the angle of the magnetic field. We also demonstrate that laser induced fluorescence is suitable as a non-perturbative diagnostic to measure the electric field in a magnetized sheath.
Experimental requirements for entangled two-photon spectroscopy
Authors: Lerch Stefan , Stefanov André
Published: August 2021

Coherently controlling the spectral properties of energy-entangled photons is a key component of future entangled two-photon spectroscopy schemes that are expected to provide advantages with respect to classical methods. We present here an experimental setup based on a grating compressor. It allows for the spectral shaping of entangled photons with a sevenfold increase in resolution, compared to previous setups with a prism compressor. We evaluate the performances of the shaper by detecting sum frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal with both classical pulses and entangled photon pairs. The efficiency of both processes is experimentally compared and is in accordance with a simple model relating the classical and entangled two-photon absorption coefficients. Finally, the entangled two-photon shaping capability is demonstrated by implementing an interferometric transfer function.
A self-consistent method to research the influence of Al particle temperature on its post-detonation reaction
Authors: Li Xinghan , Li Gen , Wang Zhongyou
Published: August 2021

Although aluminized explosives are used worldwide, the post-detonation reaction of aluminum (Al) particles has not been sufficiently elucidated. Herein, a self-consistent calculation strategy, which performs iterative thermochemical calculations based on the first law of thermodynamics, has been proposed to study the post-detonation reaction of Al particles. By implementing a rod test driven by the detonation products of 3,5-trinitrohexahydro-s-triazine/Al (RDX/Al), the two-stage reaction of Al particles was researched by using a new thermochemical code that involved an Al particle temperature model and a chemical kinetic model. The key factors that determine the Al temperature were analyzed through the flow theory. The calculated results indicated that the Al particle temperature significantly influenced the Al particle reaction, which has rarely been studied before. Consequently, three conclusions were obtained: First, the overall reaction intensity of the Al particles increased significantly with an increase in the Al temperature. Second, in the detonation products, the ratio of the internal energy to the working energy increased with the Al temperature. Finally, a unique formula representing the incomplete oxidation of Al particles was derived. The reliability of this research was confirmed by performing three comparisons: First, the calculated temperature of the RDX/Al detonation products was observed to be in good agreement with the measured value qualitatively and quantitatively. Second, the calculated interval of the maximum internal energy increment in the RDX/Al detonation products overlapped with the calorimetric values. Third, the calculated Al reaction energy was in accordance with that observed using other thermochemical codes and the empirical method.
Dynamics of the Szekeres system
Authors: Llibre Jaume , Valls Claudia
Published: August 2021

The Szekeres model is a differential system in R4 that provides the solutions of the Einstein field equations in the presence of irrotational dust. This differential system is integrable with two rational first integrals and one analytic first integral. We characterize the qualitative behavior of all the orbits of the Szekeres system in the function of the values of the two rational first integrals.
Recursive algorithm for solving the axial acoustic radiation force exerted on rigid spheres at the focus of acoustic vortex beams
Authors: Li Jiao , Ding Ning , Ma Qingyu , Li Yuzhi , Guo Gepu , Tu Juan , Zhang Dong
Published: August 2021

The trapping capability of focused acoustic vortex (FAV) beams along the radial and axial directions has significant potential in biomedical applications. However, analyses based on the acoustic gradient force are only applicable to tiny particles when acoustic scattering is neglected, and the ideal Bessel beams are still difficult to implement in experiments. In the present work, the axial acoustic radiation force (A-ARF) exerted on objects at the focus for FAV beams is calculated based on an annular spherical transducer with a continuous phase spiral. Through a partial wave series expansion, a recursive algorithm based on acoustic scattering is proposed to calculate the acoustic field for FAV beams with arbitrary order. The A-ARF distributions exerted on rigid spheres with respect to k0a (the product of the wave number and the sphere radius) are simulated. The results demonstrate that the A-ARF created by on-axis acoustic reflection is mainly manifested as a pushing force for FAV beams of all orders. The pulling force produced by off-axis scattering is more likely to be exerted on spheres with a smaller k0a in higher-order FAV beams constructed by narrower transducers. The A-ARF generated by a ring-array of sectorial transducers with more than 16 sources can be estimated from the equivalent result produced by the continuous model. The favorable results demonstrate the validity of the recursive algorithm for solving the A-ARF of FAV beams and the feasibility of experimental ring-arrays of spherical sources, suggesting the potential for the application of dual-directional object manipulation in biomedical fields.
Topology optimization of surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates
Authors: Pan Ying , Christiansen Rasmus E. , Michon Jérôme , Hu Juejun , Johnson Steven G.
Published: August 2021

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a powerful and versatile sensing method with a detection limit down to the single molecule level, given sufficiently high signal enhancement. In this article, we demonstrate how topology optimization (TopOpt) can be used for designing surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates adhering to realistic fabrication constraints. As an example, we experimentally demonstrated a SERS enhancement factor of 5 × 104 for the 604 cm−1 Raman line of rhodamine 6G using metal nanostructures with a critical dimension of 20 nm. We then show that, by relaxing the fabrication minimum-feature-size constraint, TopOpt may be used to design SERS substrates with orders of magnitude larger enhancement factor. The results validate topology optimization as an effective method for engineering optimized SERS nanostructures adhering to fabrication limitations.
Formation of indium nitride nanostructures by atmospheric pressure plasma nitridation of molten indium
Authors: Yoshida Kazushi , Ohmi Hiromasa , Yasutake Kiyoshi , Kakiuchi Hiroaki
Published: August 2021

Indium nitride nanostructures have been formed by atmospheric and sub-atmospheric pressure plasma nitridation of molten indium. By nitriding the molten indium metal layer with Ar-10%N2 atmospheric pressure plasma at 435 K, micrometer-sized particles (0.7–4 μm) made up by agglomeration of nanoparticles (5–50 nm) and a variety of nanostructures (nanowires, microrods, and hollow microtubes) with various diameters (60–700 nm) have been formed, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscope observations show that these structures are composed of wurtzite type indium nitride nanocrystals (5–20 nm). By nitriding the molten indium metal with N2 sub-atmospheric pressure plasma at 673 K, hexagonal crystallites having facets (40–200 nm) have been grown to pile up. It is found that high quality indium nitride crystallites of wurtzite type single crystals can be grown at a relatively low growth temperature of 673 K, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Based on the experimental results, the main active nitrogen species for indium nitride formation are assumed to be nitrogen atoms and formation mechanisms of indium nitride nanoparticles and nanowires have been discussed.