bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS AND REGIMES OF FERMENTATION DURING SACCHARGE OF GRAIN MASH
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Khokonova M.B.
Published: April 2022

For the normal development of yeast during fermentation, it is necessary that the mash contains not only fermentable sugars, but also a sufficient amount of nitrogenous substances digestible by the yeast. With the complete replacement of malt by cultures of mold fungi, it is necessary not only to ensure deep hydrolysis of starch, but also hydrolysis of the protein substances of the raw material. The purpose of the study was to clarify the modes of cultivation of mold strains and develop the conditions for their cultivation in alcohol production. For the successful use of deep culture instead of malt, it is necessary to obtain cultures that are sufficiently active in terms of amylolytic and photolytic abilities under production conditions. For the correct dosage, it is necessary to establish to what extent the activity of cultures is preserved by their full-fledged enzymatic complex, which ensures normal saccharification at the established consumption of activity units, that the deep culture of mold fungi had a clearly low activity in terms of amylolytic ability with a relatively high dextrinolitic activity, which negatively affected the fermentation performance. It has been established that the complete replacement of malt with a deep culture of mold fungi with such low activity in terms of amylolytic ability led to a deterioration in technological indicators. The higher content of starch in the mash during saccharification with malt is due to the presence of undisclosed malt starch. The content of unfermented reducing substances during saccharification of this mold culture, inactive in terms of amylolytic ability, is higher than during saccharification with malt, which leads to a slight decrease in the yield of alcohol.
Ecological and biological features of common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) in the ecotopes of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Tamakhina A. Ya.
Published: April 2022

The bulk of the preparations of medicinal plant raw materials of common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) are wild plants. Flores Tanaceti industrial collections are produced in the central regions of the European part of Russia. In the North Caucasus, T. vulgare grows scattered, so the data on the bioresource potential of the species require clarification. The aim of the study was to study the ecological and biological features of T. vulgare in the ecotopes of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (KBR). The study of the area, morphological and phytochemical variability of T. vulgare was carried out on the territory of the KBR in 2018-2021 at the start of flowering plants.The study of the range, ontogenesis and ecological and biological features of T. vulgare was carried out on the territory of the KBR in 2018-2021 at the start of flowering plants. According to the results of the study, the range of T. vulgare covers three floristic subregions: Chegemo-Chereko-Sukansky, Leskeno-Lashkutinsky and Jurassic depressions. The highest occurrence and abundance of plants are typical for forest, forest-steppe, meadow, floodplainecotopes of the foothill zone of the KBR. In the studied phytocenoses, T. vulgare is a companion species with an average abundance of 0,3-2,5%. The zone of ecological optimum for the species is meadow-steppe and drymeadow moisture, fairly rich soils, moderate moisture variability, and weak pasture digression. Under conditions of low load, T. vulgare cenopopulations form normal full-membered, unimodal spectra with a maximum on mature generative specimens. Under stress conditions, the spectra become incomplete, discontinuous, unimodal, right-handed, with a maximum on old-aged generative plants. Among the studied morphological and economically valuable traits of T. vulgare, high variability was noted for the number of anthologies in the inflorescence, medium variability for the number of generative shoots and flower yield, low and very low variability for the height of the shoot, the content of phenolic substances, and the diameter of the anthorax. In mid-mountain cenopopulations compared with foothill a significant increase in the content of the sum of flavonoids and phenolcarboxylic acids in flowers, shoot height, a decrease in the number of baskets in the inflorescence, the number of generative shoots, and the yield of raw materials were found. The nature of the correlation between the accumulation of phenolic compounds in flowers and the studied morphological traits can be used to select T. vulgare ecotypes and include them in the breeding process.
INTERRELATION OF SCIENTIFIC, INFORMATION, TECHNOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTION PROCESSES IN PIG BREEDING
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Tretyakova O.L. , Kolosov Yu.A. ,   Don State Agrarian University, Romantsova S.S. ,   Don State Agrarian University
Published: April 2022

The effectiveness of the interaction of scientific, information, technological and production processes at the pig-breeding complex of CJSC Plemzavod-Yubileiny in the Tyumen region is evaluated in this article. The objectives of the study included the analysis of the dynamics of changes in the growth and development of animals, the assessment of changes in the quality indicators of meat using scientific methods of the genetic value of animals, the index assessment using software at all stages of the production cycle, with an emphasis on reproductive and reproductive abilities, the assessment of the quality of carcasses, the use gene markers and indicators of product quality. The organization of work on the principle of interaction makes it possible to adjust breeding programs actively introduce new elements and modules into the program complex, evaluate animals by indexes and product quality. The process of automation of zootechnical and breeding records in pig breeding was started in 2004 with the introduction of a set of programs, index and genomic selection. The graphs reflect the trends of decreasing the thickness of the fat, increasing the percentage of meat content in the carcass. It should be noted that the indicators in pigs are higher than in boars. The interaction between scientists, programmers and industrial production specialists is based on the introduction and testing of modern breeding methods of working with a herd of pigs with an emphasis on reproductive and reproductive abilities, assessment of the quality of carcasses, the introduction of new elements and modules in the complex of computer programs. Carcasses of piglets of the Landrace breed were categorized as follows: category E – «Excellent» (up to 60% meat yield) – 43,8%; category U – «Good enough» (up to 45% meat yield) – 55%; category R – «Good» (up to 50% meat yield) – 1,2%. The results were obtained with the close connection of scientists, production workers, processors and consumers. This is a complex work on the evaluation of animals, their selection, selection, replication and compatibility of the best qualities in new specialized animal lines.
RESEARCH OF SOUNDPROOFING MATERIALS IN AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ON A ROBOTIC STAND
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Bashnyak S.E. , Lemeshko M.A. ,   Institute of Service and Entrepreneurship – branch of the Don State Technical University, Bashnyak I.M. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Reclamation Institute named after A.K. Kortunov – branch of the Don State Agrarian University
Published: April 2022

The article provides information about a stationary robotic stand designed for experimental research, a description of the operation of this stand is given. A feature of the stand is the implementation of a research facility with the possibility of programmatic research without the obligatory presence of a researcher. A remotely controlled power amplifier, a remotely controlled sound generator and a personal computer with special software are used. The sound source is located close to one of the end walls of the soundproof chamber. The sound receiver in the form of a high-precision microphone is located on the opposite end wall of the soundproof chamber and is connected to the sound processing module, which is connected to a personal computer. The developed stand is an example of the concept of robotic research, a direction for improving the methodology of research work. A description of the design of the stand is given; information about known similar research equipment is given. A scheme of the stand and a description of its design are given. Some results of studies of soundproof materials are given. The effect of the structure of soundproofing materials on the frequency characteristics of acoustic impedance is shown. The essence of test bench automation lies in programmatic change of research modes for each experiment. The robotic stand ensures the reliability of the results of experimental studies, allows you to speed up the results.
RELATIONSHIP OF STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MODULUS OF ELASTICITY OF DISPERSED-FILLED POLYMER COMPOSITES BASED ON ULTRA-HIGH MOLECULAR POLYETHYLENE
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Zhirikova Z.M. , Aloev V.Z. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the current problem of creating composite materials with improved performance characteristics. An effective way to solve this problem is to polymerize the polymer material with disperse fillers, i.e. to introduce the filler during polymer synthesis. It is noted that the interfacial interaction of filler and polymer plays a decisive role in this. The object of the study is supermolecular polyethylene, and the filler is dispersed particles of aluminium and bauxite. Structural and mechanical methods investigated the effect of the degree of filling on the modulus of elasticity and the degree of crystal personality of supermolecular polyethylene. The filling efficiency for the tested supermolecular polyethylene composites was evaluated in operation using the efficiency factor of the modulus. It is obtained that the coefficient of efficiency of the elastic modulus is much higher in the case of a low molecular weight filler (bauxite). This indicates that classic models are not applicable to describe the behavior of such materials. The results of the studies show that the value of the coefficient of efficiency of the modulus of elasticity is determined by the structure obtained during solid-phase extrusion, namely, the degree of orientation that is characteristic of oriented polymer materials and the strength of the phase boundaries between the polymer and the filler, which is a specific factor for dispersed-filled polymer composites.
Una aplicación del enfoque de la función de producción en educación
Authors: Maradona Gustavo , Calderón Mónica
Published: April 2022

This paper aims to estimate an educational production function for Mendoza. The estimated model, based on a translogarithmic technology to capture second-order relationships, corroborates the evidence from the literature: although it is a controversial approach in terms of methodologies used and expected results, there is agreement that the most significant factor in explaining students' academic achievement is socio-economic status. However, without proposing prescriptions for the use of specific inputs, the results of the model suggest important space for educational decision-makers at decentralised levels.
Responsabilidad Moral Colectiva. El estatus ontológico de las organizaciones y los límites de la comunidad moral
Authors: Alzola Miguel
Published: April 2022

El estatus ontológico y moral de entidades colectivas ha sido y es objetode debate recurrente en filosofía, ciencias sociales, derecho y ética aplicada.Individualismo y colectivismo moral son las dos tesis clásicas que seofrecen para justificar o descartar la consideración de las organizacionescomo agentes morales. Lo que está en juego en última instancia es ladiscusión de la naturaleza misma y el concepto de organización como unaentidad diferente de la sumatoria de los miembros que la componen. Eneste artículo se examina el debate sobre la agencia moral de las organizacionespresentando e interpelando los argumentos de ambas teorías y lasimplicancias teóricas, metodológicas y prácticas que emanan de esta discusión.
Determinantes políticos de las transferencias discrecionales: evidencia de la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Mediavilla Bordalejo Mauro
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo examina el impacto de la táctica política en la distribución de las transferencias de fondos discrecionales entre el gobierno provincial y los municipios. Se analizan las diferentes teorías basadas en modelos partidistas y no partidistas, contrastando las mismas empíricamente para los municipios de la provincia de Córdoba, en Argentina. Los resultados obtenidos permiten confirmar la existencia de factores políticos y económicos como determinantes de la asignación de las transferencias discrecionales y si bien ninguno de los modelos teóricos explicados se ven reflejados en sentido estricto, sí se observa una combinación entre ellos.
Birth and Early History of Nonlinear Dynamics in Economics
Authors: Perona Eugenia
Published: April 2022

Since the 1980s, nonlinear dynamic modelling is becoming a popular methodology in economics. However, it is not as new as many researchers seem to believe. Before the linear approach dominated economic theory around the 1950s, many economists were actively involved in the development of nonlinear models, this tendency being particularly strong during the period 1930-1950. The main objective of this essay is to offer a systematic and comprehensive survey of the early developments in nonlinear dynamics in economics, ranging form Frisch’s original impulse and propagation model in 1933, to Goodwin’s formalisation of the limit cycle in 1951.
Los indicadores de gestión en el Sector Público
Authors: Chaparro Francisco Pedraja , Jiménez Javier Salinas , Jiménez Maria del Mar Salinas
Published: April 2022

El uso de indicadores de gestión en el ámbito público se ha extendido en las últimas décadas con el objetivo de valorar la actuación de las agencias públicas y contribuir a mejorar su funcionamiento y la eficiencia con que éstas operan. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las características que debe reunir un sistema de indicadores y los principales problemas que pueden derivarse de su utilización en el ámbito público. Para ello se destacan algunas particularidades del sector público que plantean problemas específicos a la hora de diseñar e implementar un sistema de indicadores. A continuación se discuten los objetivos que se persiguen con la introducción de un esquema de indicadores en el ámbito público, los tipos de indicadores que se emplean habitualmente y las dificultades que se derivan de su utilización en relación tanto a la información que proporcionan como a los incentivos que generan, tomando como referencia la experiencia de algunos países que han sido pioneros en la introducción de indicadores de gestión para valorar la actuación pública.
Bibliometrics of Bibliometrics: A Research Topic in the Mirror of Bibliometric Indicators
Authors: Rodríguez Víctor
Published: April 2022

This exploratory study tries to get insights on one way of exteriorizing the publication activity of bibliometricians and how such activity is taken into consideration within the scientific community. As we thought in advance, the evidence shows that the USA is the most productive, most cited and most collaborative publisher. The neighbourhood is a ground to collaborate, like Canada or Mexico with the USA, and Belgium with the Netherlands. The most visible topics are small-world networks and webometrics.
Diseño de un experimento de preferencias declaradas para la elección de modo de transporte urbano de pasajeros
Authors: Sartori Juan José Pompilio
Published: April 2022

El estudio desarrolla el diseño de un experimento de elección de preferencias declaradas con el que se confeccionan los formularios de encuesta para realizar la estimación de demanda de viajes en el transporte urbano con un modelo logit binario. El modelo se estima a partir de una encuesta piloto, se calculan el valor de los ahorros de tiempo de viaje y espera de los usuarios de taxi/remis y ómnibus en la Ciudad de Córdoba; las elasticidades de demanda de cada uno los modos y se realizan pronósticos de la cuota de mercado en un análisis de escenarios de política.
El Índice Compuesto Coincidente Mensual de la Actividad Económica de Córdoba (ICA-COR) 1994 - 2006
Authors: Rivero Andrés David Michel
Published: April 2022

In this paper we build a monthly Compound Coincident Indicator for the province of Cordoba (ICA-COR) corresponding to the period 1994-2006. Theoretical and empirical (national and international) evidence are used. We analyze quality indicators which belong to the ICA-COR, bringing additional importance to the labor informality and its effects over the outcomes. Labor and income (formal) series are a good approximation of the global labor and income series. These outcomes show maximal correlation between ICA-COR and national PIB quarterly change rates around 0.84, while the turning points of the economy of Córdoba are found within the range of ± 2 months. Thus, the ICA-COR is a coincident indicator of the national economy. In addition, we found an economic recovery at 1999.06 unobserved in the national economy. We also found an economic recovery at 1999.06 unobserved in the national economy.
Estimación y Proyección de la Calidad de la Cartera de Crédito utilizando Variables Macroeconómicas: Un estudio para Venezuela
Authors: Vera Leonardo , Costa Irene
Published: April 2022

This study presents an econometric estimation of the impact of several macroeconomic aggregates on the level of non-performing loans in the Venezuelan banking system. The data set consist of quarterly time series that go from the last quarter of year 1994 to the last quarter of year 2004. Based on relevant economic theory, the estimated model is used to predict the short-run evolution of credit quality. Though the estimation only deals with the systemic components that affects credit quality, two dynamic versions of an ADL model show good results in terms of the errors of an insample forecast, and in terms of the errors that derive from an out of sample (or ex-ante) forecast and from a conditional forecast for the four quarters of 2005.
¿Qué influye en la decisión de emigrar? Un análisis empírico del caso argentino
Authors: Cristina Alejandra Daniela
Published: April 2022

La movilidad laboral entre regiones de un país es uno de los mecanismos que contribuyen al ajuste de los mercados laborales regionales. Sin embargo, esto ocurrirá con la condición que la respuesta de los individuos a los diferenciales laborales sea lo suficientemente sensible a dichos diferenciales. El trabajo provee evidencia empírica de Argentina con respect a la decision de las personas de migrar, y en particular, se focalize en la respuesta de las personas a los diferenciales salariales. La decision de migración se modela mediante un logit de efectos aleatorios. El trabajo encuentra que el ingreso real esperado influencia la probabilidad de migrar.
Estimación de Elasticidades de Diferentes Productos Lácteos en las Provincias de Santa Fe y Entre Ríos
Authors: Rossini Gustavo , Guiguet Edith Depetris , Villanueva Rogelio
Published: April 2022

This study aims to estimate disaggregated demand elasticities for nine dairy products in Santa Fe and Entre Ríos provinces. The methodology is derived from the application of an econometric LinQuad model which includes economic as well as demographic variables. The data comes from the National Households Expenditure Survey (ENGH). The results highlight differences for each dairy product’s price and expenditure elasticities. Comparison of our results is limited by the scarcity of similar studies for the region.
Entrevista A Lucio Graciano Reca
Authors: De Pablo Juan Carlos
Published: April 2022

Lucio Reca nació en Buenos Aires, el 25 de julio de 1931. Egresó de la facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) en 1953, con el título de ingeniero agrónomo y con medalla de oro. Completó sus estudios en la Universidad de Chicago, donde obtuvo el master en economía en 1962 y el doctorado en 1967. Todos los publicitarios sueñan con que la marca perteneciente a la empresa que los contrató se identifique con el producto mismo. Coca cola por gaseosa, Xerox por fotocopia y Geniol por analgésico, son claros ejemplos de esto. Dentro de la profesión algo parecido ocurre con Reca y economía agrícola. Dedicó sus esfuerzos -tanto en la función pública como en el ámbito académico- a un sólo sector (muy importante, por cierto). Y tuvo el coraje suficiente como para remar contra la corriente de la “sabiduría convencional” en la materia, mostrando sistemáticamente que los productores agropecuarios responden a los incentivos económicos. Típico de los economistas agrícolas y crecientemente atípico entre los economistas generales, en toda conversación con Reca afloran aspectos teóricos, empíricos, técnicos, institucionales, históricos, etc., sin los cuales es difícil entender la realidad. La entrevista  comenzó personalmente en Buenos Aires, el 5 de mayo de 2008, y continuó a través del correo electrónico.
Gravity Equation and Trade Agreements: A Different Econometric Approach
Authors: Recalde María Luisa , Florensa Marcelo , Iturralde Ivan
Published: April 2022

This paper is aimed at multiplicatively estimating the parameters of the gravity equation by using the Poisson Pseudo-Maximum-Likelihood (PPML) estimator, and taking heteroskedasticity into account at the same time. Besides, in order to compare the results, the model will be estimated trough OLS and Tobit, and the precision of the different estimators will be assessed by a set of specification tests. Results indicate that the effects of Preferential Trade Agreements are very sensitive to the method chosen to estimate the gravity model and the results obtained under PPML are the most reliable.
تحليل إتجاهات التغير في الخصوبة المكتملة في العراق لعام 2011
Authors: العلاق مهدي , يوسف نهى
Published: April 2022

أن تحقيق معدل خصوبة ملائم هو هدف أساسي من أهداف السياسة السكانية لأي بلد، وقد واجه العراق معدلات خصوبة عالية خلال فترات طويلة من الزمن، إلا أنه تمكن من الحد من أرتفاع معدلات الخصوبة في السنوات الأخيرة مصحوباً ذلك بتحسن في الوضع الأقتصادي والإجتماعي والصحي والعوامل الأخرى ذات التأثير المباشر وغير المباشر في تخفيض الخصوبة.ركزّ البحث على تحليل الخصوبة بإستخدام بيانات التاريخ الإنجابي لعينة من النساء المتزوجات بالاعمار (15-49) من البيانات الخام للمسح العنقودي المتعدد المؤشرات للعراق لعام 2011 الى (37022) امرأة، إضافة الى تحليل مستويات وإتجاهات وأنماط الخصوبة طوال حياة الأم (الخصوبة المكتملة) من خلال مؤشر متوسط عدد المواليد احياء الذي يعتبر من المتغيرات المهمة التي ثؤثر على الخصوبة مباشرة كما أن متوسط عدد المواليد احياء للنساء بالأعمار (45-49) يعكس الخصوبة في الماضي في حين تعكس معدلات الخصوبة (TFR) معدلات الخصوبة خلال ثلاث أو خمس سنوات السابقة للمسح، ومؤشر نسب التعاقب الإنجابي التي تشير الى نسبة النساء في نهاية حياتهن الإنجابية في الفئة العمرية (45-49) اللواتي ينتقلن من عدد محدد من الاطفال الى عدد أعلى من الاطفال، وتوصل البحث الى تحديد أقصى مستوى للخصوبة عند الفئة العمرية (45-49) هو (5.8) مولود لكل امرأة في عموم العراق، كما أعطى تقدير الى مستوى العقم الأولي البالغ (4.7%) من النساء ليس لديهن اطفال، كما ظهرت نسب التعاقب الانجابي في كل من الحضر والريف والعراق مرتفعة حتى المولود الثاني ثم تبدأ بالإنخفاض مع زيادة عدد الاطفال والتي تشير الى زيادة في السيطرة على الخصوبة مع زيادة عدد الاطفال.
Prosthodontic Appliance Wearing and Its Relationship to Oral Pain Sensation, Fungal Infection and Measures for Management
Authors: Lafta Amena
Published: April 2022

Back ground: Many Iraqi dentures wearer suffered from oral pain sensation and candidiasis, so this study is important to prevent, decrease and manage the symptoms of these diseases, therefore the current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the denture wearing, oral pain sensation and candidiasis caused by dentures and how it was managed. Subjects and methods: Twenty patients (12males and 8 females) were selected from Hospitals and special private dental clinics in Baghdad as studied sample, all of them wore badly constructed partial or complete denture. Patient's ages ranged between 40-65 years. Similar control group was choosen with the same number of males and females and nearly similar age group, all of them did not wear any dental appliances.Medical and dental history were taken from all the participants in the current study, also clinical examination and laboratory investigations were done to evaluate the badly constructed dental appliances in feeling oral pain sensation and developing candidiasis.Results: The study revealed that people who constructed bad dental appliances were more to be affected with oral pain sensation and candidiasis than others, especially with woman after 45 years or around the menopausal period or subjects with bad oral hygiene and that may lead to discomfortable oral mucosal sensation.Conclusion: The recent study showed that people with continuous wearing of dental appliances are more commonly effected with candidiasis and oral pain sensation, the laboratory investigations revealed that candida albicans was the most common type that causes candidiasis, also many local and systemic factors may share in the occurance of these diseases. Two types of drugs were used to treat the candidiasis, that means the patients in the study ground when they were treaded, some of them removed the dentures from their months during the period of treatment, those developed improvement than others.
Science in Bookplate Design: An Interview with Graphic Artist Harry Jürgens
Authors: Jürgens Anna-Sophie , Tepe Peter
Published: April 2022

In this interview, graphic artist and book illustrator Harry Jürgens discusses the ways in which his art builds a bridge to science, and explores the contexts in which he collaborates with scientists. He reflects on his own research activity in the artistic process, his understanding of science illustration and his artistic goals in dealing with science topics.
Conocimientos del profesorado en formación inicial sobre la Nueva Cultura del Agua
Authors: Benarroch Alicia , Rodríguez-Serrano María , Ramírez-Segado Alejandra
Published: April 2022

La Nueva Cultura del Agua (NCA) reivindica una gestión integrada y sostenible de los recursos hídricos, tal y como se defiende desde la Directiva Marco del Agua del año 2000. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados preliminares de una indagación realizada en el ámbito de la formación del profesorado acerca de la NCA. Se administró un cuestionario ad hoc a una muestra de 455 futuros docentes melillenses de Primaria y de Secundaria. En los resultados se destacan las mayores dificultades que tienen en sus concepciones sobre el agua. Así, los estudiantes conciben que la naturaleza presenta problemas físicos de escasez de agua, y que es necesario aumentar su disponibilidad mediante estructuras hidráulicas o mediante la extracción de agua subterránea. Defendemos que estas dificultades deben ser consideradas en las aulas universitarias para despertar el interés hacia una NCA.
India's Theatre Expansion: Use of Sea Power to Balance China's Rise
Authors: Desai Suyash
Published: April 2022

Issue: Jan-Feb 2021

There are geopolitical, strategic and historical reasons for a competitive and adversarial relationship between China and India. The border dispute is both a symptom and a trigger of this adversarial relationship. While border defences and the use of land and air power along the Himalayan frontiers is essential given the nature of the dispute, they are insufficient to deter China from using military provocations to unsettle India's foreign policy and limit it to a sub-continental power. This paper argues that sea power affords India the best way of managing China in the Indo-Pacific region. The development and demonstration of maritime power, particularly in the Indian Ocean and to the east of the Malacca Straits allow India a range of options in explicit and implicit strategic negotiations with Beijing.
Environmental Issues, Economic Policies and Agricultural Development
Authors: Liu Rongchen , Sanyal Anirban , Singh Nirivkar
Published: April 2022

Issue: Mar-Apr 2021

This paper discusses economic policies that have supported a particular kind of agricultural development in Punjab, as well as environment-specific policies, that have sought to deal with various environmental problems arising from that pattern of development. In doing so, we highlight some major environmental issues associated with economic policies in the state, including with respect to water, air, soil and climate change. We analyse why and how economic policy failures, including at the national level, adversely affect environmental quality in Punjab. The aim of this paper is to highlight these issues, as a first step towards identifying policies that may do a better job of protecting the environment.
Teoria dos stakeholders: sua evolução e agenda de pesquisa
Authors: Menezes David Curtinaz , Vieira Diego Mota , Oliveira Jessica Eloísa de
Published: April 2022

Objective of the study: to present an overview of the evolution of the Stakeholder Theory through the analysis of the main models of analysis and theoretical propositions in order to address the main questions that guide the debate on this theory.Methodology: literature review in which articles published in international and national journals related to the theme between 1980 and 2021 are analyzed.Originality/relevance: this research contributes to the debate on the Stakeholder Theory by systematizing the knowledge on this theoretical field and identifying gaps that configure a research agenda that will contribute to the advancement of that theory.Main results: the main issues related to that theory are identified, as well as a research agenda that involves: i) identification, prioritization and engagement of stakeholders; ii) accounting for the generation of value for all stakeholders; iii) the influence of these actors in the practices adopted by the organizations and in the decision making of the government; iv) the simultaneous influences of stakeholders and how the interactions between these actors influence the stakeholder management; and v) how to achieve better performance, equity and greater value creation for all stakeholders in proportion to their contribution to the organization.Theoretical/methodological contributions: this study, through the analysis of the development of the Stakeholder Theory, allows identifying perspectives for new studies and assisting researchers in understanding the main issues addressed in the field.
Comparison of methods used for filling partially unobserved contingency tables
Authors: Kot Michał , Kamiński Bogumił
Published: April 2022

In this article, we investigate contingency tables where the entries containing small counts are unknown for data privacy reasons. We propose and test two competitive methods for estimating the unknown entries: our modification of the Iterative Proportional Fitting Procedure (IPFP), and one of the Monte Carlo Markov Chain methods called Shake-and-Bake. We use simulation experiments to test these methods in terms of time complexity and the accuracy of searching the space of feasible solutions. To simplify the estimation procedure, we propose to pre-process partially unknown contingency tables with simple heuristics and dimensionality-reduction techniques to find and fill all trivial entries. Our results demonstrate that if the number of missing cells is not very large, the pre-processing is often enough to find fillings for the unknown values in contingency tables. In the cases where simple heuristics are insufficient, the Shake-and-Bake technique outperforms the modified IPFP in terms of time complexity and the accuracy of searching the space of feasible solutions.
A Review of Arctic Sea Ice Climate Predictability in Large-Scale Earth System Models
Authors:   National Center for Atmospheric Research, Holland Marika , Hunke Elizabeth
Published: April 2022

We provide a high-level review of sea ice models used for climate studies and of the recent advances made with these models to understand sea ice predictability. Models currently in use for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project and new developments coming online that will enable enhanced predictions are discussed. Previous work indicates that seasonal sea ice can be predicted based on mechanisms associated with long-lived ice thickness or ocean heat anomalies. On longer timescales, internal climate variability is an important source of uncertainty, although anthropogenic forcing is sizable, and studies suggest that anthropogenic signals have already emerged from internal climate noise. Using new analysis from the Multi-Model Large Ensemble, we show that while models differ in the magnitude and timing of predictable signals, many ice predictability characteristics are robust across multiple models. This includes the reemergence of predictable seasonal signals in ice area and the sizable uncertainty in predictions of ice-free Arctic timing associated with internal variability.
Estimation of carbon stock in the soil plant system of the main phytophysiognomies of the cerrado of west Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Aline dos Santos de , Soares Neto Joaquim Pedro , Nunes Heliab Bomfim
Published: April 2022

The work was carried out in the western region of Bahia in five phytophysiognomies of cerrado. The regional climate is of the Aw type with rainy summers and dry winters. The main soils are Red-Yellow Latosol, Quartzarenic Neosol and Dystrophic Haplic Gleysol with texture varying from sandy to sandy loam. Soil samples were taken up to 0.40 m to determine the soil carbon and for plant biomass models already established by other authors were chosen. The total soil carbon content followed the decreasing order: VRD>CRD>CSS>CCS>CCL. This may reflect the difference in density of plants in these phytophysiognomic compartments, although there is no significant difference between the soils under the phytophysiognomies of CCS and CCL. The soils under the five phytophysiognomies, on average, presented a carbon stock of 50.63 Mg ha-1. The studied phytophysiognomies in aboveground vegetation presented carbon stocks ranging from 0.05 to 23.36 Mg ha-1.This variation is explained by the plant diversity of each phytophysiognomy. Therefore, the accumulation of carbon depends on the richness and size of species of the area. In general, the upper soil layers stored greater amounts of carbon. Aboveground biomass and in roots stand out for higher carbon production in biomass, the phytophysiognomies of CRD and CSS.
Germination test in carioca bean seeds chemically treated with the use of alternative substrates
Authors: Rossetti Cristina , Almeida Andreia , Ávila Nicolas da Conceição de , Madruga Natália Pedra , Pires Adhlei , Bersch Isabela da Rosa , Tunes Lilian Vanussa Madruga de
Published: April 2022

The use of quality seeds is a key element for the success of carioca bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation. To avoid or reduce various problems of importance to the crop, it facilitates the achievement of the cultivar's productive potential and the reduction of production costs. Thus, the objective of this work is to identify which conditions are suitable for evaluating germination in bean seeds using different substrates. The treatments were subjected to a temperature of 25 °C analyzing five substrates (germitest® paper; germitest® paper + sand; germitest® paper + soil; germitest® paper + charcoal and germitest® paper + vermiculite). The chemicals used were: Cruiser 350 FS, Fortenza 600 FS, Standak Top and Avicta complete. The most suitable substrate for installing the germination test in beans depends on the type of product and active ingredient of the seed treatment. Emphasizing the substrates germitest® + vermiculite and germitest®+soil, those that best performed positive characteristics when in contact with the chemical treatment.
Influence of Abiotic Factors on Whitefly Population Abundance in Cotton
Authors: Ghosal Abhijit
Published: April 2022

Whitefly started to infest cotton soon after planting in favourable weather condition. During November planting mean whitefly population were highest (6.9 whiteflies per 3 leaves) and slowly declined in successive planting dates. It was found that number of population were above ETL during the month of December, January and February. Maximum population were recorded in the month of February depending on the growth stage of the crop. Maximum temperature beyond 35°C, minimum temperature below 8°C and moderate to high rainfall was very much detrimental to successful population build up. The most favourable temperature was ranged in respect of min. temperature and max. temperature was ranged 12–30°C. Simple regression value reflects whitefly population were influenced to the tune of 70.8%, 69.5%, 35.3% and 75.4% in November, December, January and February month respectively. Whitefly population were negatively correlated with temperature (max. and min.), rainfall and relative humidity (max. and min.); while, positively correlated with sunshine hours, but during November planting relative humidity (max. and min.) was positively correlated and sunshine hours were negatively correlated. Thus adjustment of planting dates may be adjusted or suitable plant protection measure may be introduced according to the weather forecast.
Sustainable Treatment of Acidic and Alkaline Leachates from Mining and Industrial Activities: Current Practice and Future Perspectives
Authors: F. O’Dwyer Thomas , Ghanim Bashir , Courtney Ronan , Hudson Ashlene , Tony Pembroke J. , G. Murnane John
Published: April 2022

Water resources are under continued pressure from anthropogenic sources, including acidic waste from abandoned mine sites and alkaline waste from a variety of industrial activities. Large quantities of mine and industrial wastes are typically stored in tailings facilities which can generate significant quantities of leachates due to weathering. If released untreated to the aquatic environment these have the potential to contaminate surface and ground waters. In addition, generation of leachates from abandoned or closed sites presents a major long-term environmental challenge where the generation of leachates is expected to continue for decades if not centuries post closure. An overview of leachate production and associated treatment technologies are described, with an emphasis on passive and potentially sustainable technologies. Measures to prevent the formation of acidic leachates and the potential for resource recovery from acidic and alkaline wastes and leachates are also discussed. Finally, technologies that require further development for long term and sustainable treatment are highlighted.
Nespôsobilosť prezidenta Slovenskej republiky na výkon funkcie – garantovanie funkčnosti ústavného systému či možnosť odstavenia hlavy štátu?
Authors: Domin Marek
Published: April 2022

Príspevok upriamuje pozornosť na platnú právnu úpravu predpokladajúcu možnosť, že prezident Slovenskej republiky sa počas svojho funkčného obdobia môže stať nespôsobilým na výkon funkcie, s čím Ústava spája nezanedbateľné dôsledky. Cieľom je posúdiť, či existujúca úprava dostatočným spôsobom zabezpečuje riadny výkon prezidentských právomocí aj v prípade, ak by osoba zastávajúca úrad prezidenta nebola na výkon svojej funkcie spôsobilá. Pozornosť je však venovaná aj potenciálnemu zneužitiu súčasnej úpravy. Príspevok preto skúma aj to, či by Ústavou predpokladanú nespôsobilosť prezidenta bolo možné využiť na presadenie určitého rozhodnutia, ku ktorému sa hlava štátu stavia odmietavo, prípadne naopak, k zabráneniu prijatia určitého rozhodnutia hlavou štátu samotnou. Súčasťou záveru príspevku je, v kontexte stručnej komparácie s ústavnými úpravami v ostatných krajinách V4, aj formulácia návrhov de lege ferenda.
Method for determining working regimes with reasonableness of equipment casing pipes by rotary press - in
Authors: Pham Van , Pham Quang
Published: April 2022

According to the collected data of soil mass in the cone penetration test, the research paper defines a drag on the steel casing pipe used for constructing bored pile by the rotary press - in method. Hence, this paper proposes a way of defining the working regime with the reasonableness of equipment casing by this technique, which will be regarded as a necessary step to design the installation of the equipment on the available base machine in Vietnam with the intention of not only maximizing the capacity of transmission but also improving the machine's productivity as well. It makes a contribution to reduce the investment's costs and increase the effective exploitation of this equipment in Vietnam.
Statistical method for a hydraulic conductivity estimate using empirical formulas
Authors: Dulovičová Renáta , Ovcharovichova Janka , Velísková Yvetta
Published: April 2022

Sediment's hydraulic conductivity is one of the key inputs for estimating solute and water movement in a vadose zone. Laboratory and field measurements are time consuming and subject to substantial inaccuracies. Thus numerous empirical formulas have been adopted to predict hydraulic conductivity from measurable soil properties such as grain size distribution, soil temperature or bulk density. The objective of this study was twofold: (1) assess the hydraulic conductivities calculated from empirical formulas and (2) develop a simple method to estimate hydraulic conductivities for clayey sand sediments. Using sediment samples extracted from irrigation canals in Zitny Ostrov, Southern Slovakia, we evaluated fourteen empirical formulas. Three sets of parameters were assessed using common statistical methods. The sets included computed hydraulic conductivities, logarithmically transformed hydraulic conductivities, and measured values of hydraulic conductivities. Field measurements and laboratory investigations of hydraulic conductivities were performed to supplement our empirical calculations. The three sets of parameters were compared and formed the foundation for developing an original regression equation: Ksat me = 0.019 (LTKsat) 2 + 0.183 (LTKsat) + 4.863an equation that captures the variables with reasonable agreement. The logarithmically transformed and measured values correlated, yielding R2 = 0.945. Thus, the measured values validated our regression equation.
Wittgenstein and Biolinguistics: Building upon the Second Picture Theory
Authors: Bolender John
Published: April 2022

Circa 1930, Wittgenstein began to develop a theory of semantics in terms of distinct representational systems (calculi) each constructed from measure-ment scales. Impressed by the heterogeneity of measurement scaling, he eventually abandoned the effort. However, such a project can be continued in the light of later developments in measurement theory. Any remaining heterogeneity can be accounted for, plausibly enough, in terms of the facultative nature of the mind/brain. Developing such a theory is potentially a contribution to biolinguistics. The symmetries and asymmetries of the measurement scales suggest self-organization in brain activity, further suggesting a connection between such a neo-Wittgensteinian approach to the thought systems and minimalist approaches to syntax.
Language in Language Evolution Research
Authors: Wacewicz Slawomir , Zywiczynski Przemyslaw , Hartmann Stefan , Pleyer Michael , Benítez-Burraco Antonio
Published: April 2022

Many controversies in language evolution research derive from the fact that language is itself a natural language word, which makes the underlying concept fuzzy and cumbersome, and a common perception is that progress in language evolution research is hindered because researchers do not ‘talk about the same thing’. In this article, we claim that agreement on a single, top-down definition of language is not a sine qua non for good and productive research in the field of language evolution. First, we use the example of the notion FLN (‘faculty of language in the narrow sense’) to demonstrate how the specific wording of an important top-down definition of (the faculty of) language can—surprisingly—be inconsequential to actual research practice. We then review four approaches to language evolution that we estimate to be particularly influential in the last decade. We show how their breadth precludes a single common conceptualization of language but instead leads to a family resemblance pattern, which underwrites fruitful communication between these approaches, leading to cross-fertilisation and synergies.
(Des)Escolarização performativa: rituais escolares e percursos metodológicos para a dança na escola
Authors: Gabardo Junior Jair Mario , Castilho Thaís
Published: April 2022

A partir dos Estudos da Performance na Educação, esta investigação buscou compreender alguns dos sentidos da noção de estudante em performance por meio de uma experiência com dança em aulas de Arte numa escola pública de educação básica. Ao partir da análise de uma audiovisualidade produzida nessa experiência, observou-se um ritual escolar que, assentado sobre símbolos de controle, é subvertido por estudantes em performance que constantemente reconfiguram as suas ordens. Ao adentrar às performances sociais no espaço escolar, estudantes passaram a tensionar as suas posições de sujeito, tornando-se, pois, necessário, maior atrelamento ao corpo, cuja dança se fez inquietação sobre práticas performativas mais (des)escolarizadas.
Corporeidade e teatro de animação na escola: esconder ou mostrar
Authors: Carvalho Jailson Araújo
Published: April 2022

Um dos maiores desafios encontrados no ensino das artes da cena é o de colocar o estudante em evidência no momento de compartilhar com os colegas sua criação cênica, sobretudo, quando o que normalmente é posto em destaque é o seu corpo. Ao refletir sobre tal aspecto, o presente texto tratou da possibilidade do trabalho corpóreo com estudantes do Ensino Fundamental com o ponto de partida no Teatro de Animação – reflexão teórica a partir da minha pesquisa de Doutorado em Artes Cênicas, em andamento, na Universidade de Brasília. Este artigo abordará os seguintes aspectos: o percurso corpóreo dentro do Teatro de Animação, voltado para o Ensino Fundamental; o corpo na sombra; a corporificação do boneco com as mãos e o corpo em cena na animação direta. Como procedimento metodológico, fez-se uso de análise de artigos, dissertações e teses. Concluiu-se que a corporeidade no teatro de animação apresenta nuances únicas para a experiência nas aulas de teatro no Ensino Fundamental.
Como quebrar barragens: Outros processos políticos e artísticos para reparar o irreparável
Authors: Bianchi Paloma
Published: April 2022

Por meio de uma escrita-percurso, o artigo apresenta algumas vivências da autora durante o “Amazônia centro do mundo”, evento que reuniu ao longo de três dias lideranças indígenas, pesquisadoras(es) e ativistas em Altamira (PA), cidade onde foi erguida a segunda maior Usina Hidrelétrica do mundo. O texto é tecido em conjunto com a narrativa sobre o espetáculo Altamira 2042 de Gabriela Carneiro da Cunha, em diálogo com a entrevista realizada com esta atriz sobre a criação do espetáculo. O intuito é argumentar que, quando as instituições se revelam incapazes de reparar o irreparável, a arte pode assumir a responsabilidade de instituir outras imaginações naquelas e naqueles que compartilham do mesmo trabalho artístico.