bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbial community structure and dynamics in thermophilic composting viewed through metagenomics and metatranscriptomics
Authors: Antunes Luciana Principal , Martins Layla Farage , Pereira Roberta Verciano , Thomas Andrew Maltez , Barbosa Deibs , Lemos Leandro Nascimento , Silva Gianluca Major Machado , Moura Livia Maria Silva , Epamino George Willian Condomitti , Digiampietri Luciano Antonio , Lombardi Karen Cristina , Ramos Patricia Locosque , Quaggio Ronaldo Bento , de Oliveira Julio Cezar Franco , Pascon Renata Castiglioni , Cruz João Batista da , da Silva Aline Maria , Setubal João Carlos
Published: December 2016

Composting is a promising source of new organisms and thermostable enzymes that may be helpful in environmental management and industrial processes. Here we present results of metagenomic- and metatranscriptomic-based analyses of a large composting operation in the São Paulo Zoo Park. This composting exhibits a sustained thermophilic profile (50 °C to 75 °C), which seems to preclude fungal activity. The main novelty of our study is the combination of time-series sampling with shotgun DNA, 16S rRNA gene amplicon, and metatranscriptome high-throughput sequencing, enabling an unprecedented detailed view of microbial community structure, dynamics, and function in this ecosystem. The time-series data showed that the turning procedure has a strong impact on the compost microbiota, restoring to a certain extent the population profile seen at the beginning of the process; and that lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction occurs synergistically and sequentially, with hemicellulose being degraded preferentially to cellulose and lignin. Moreover, our sequencing data allowed near-complete genome reconstruction of five bacterial species previously found in biomass-degrading environments and of a novel biodegrading bacterial species, likely a new genus in the order Bacillales. The data and analyses provided are a rich source for additional investigations of thermophilic composting microbiology.
Nonlinear coupling in graphene-coated nanowires
Authors: Gao Yixiao , Shadrivov Ilya V.
Published: December 2016

We propose and analyze nonlinear coupler based on a pair of single mode graphene-coated nanowires. Nonlinear wave interactions in such structure are analyzed by the coupled mode equations derived from the unconjugated Lorentz reciprocity theorem. We show that the routing of plasmons in the proposed structure can be controlled by the input power due to the third order nonlinear response of graphene layer. Our findings show that graphene nonlinearity can be exploited in tunable nanoplasmonic circuits based on low-loss, edgeless cylindrical graphene waveguides.
Construction of A Triple-Stimuli-Responsive System Based on Cerium Oxide Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Wen Jia , Yang Kui , Xu Yongqian , Li Hongjuan , Liu Fengyu , Sun Shiguo
Published: December 2016

In this work, a triple-stimuli (GSH, pH and light irradiation) responsive system were designed based on CeO2nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) coated doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer hematoporphyrin (HP) dual-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). Upon entering into cancer cells, both high concentration of intracellular GSH and low pH environment would reduce CeO2NPs to cerium ions, accompanied with the degradation of CeO2NPs and the conformational change of HP under light irradiation, the preloaded DOX are thus released from the nanocarrier, resulting in a contrast fluorescence enhancement. Meanwhile,1O2generated from HP for potential photodynamic therapy (PDT) upon light irradiation. In comparison, not much influence can be observed for normal cells. This nanosystem not only has a significantly enhanced efficacy for cancer cells but also broad the scope for the future design and applications of multifunctional platforms for synergetic chemotherapy and PDT.
Direct-written polymer field-effect transistors operating at 20 MHz
Authors: Perinot Andrea , Kshirsagar Prakash , Malvindi Maria Ada , Pompa Pier Paolo , Fiammengo Roberto , Caironi Mario
Published: December 2016

Printed polymer electronics has held for long the promise of revolutionizing technology by delivering distributed, flexible, lightweight and cost-effective applications for wearables, healthcare, diagnostic, automation and portable devices. While impressive progresses have been registered in terms of organic semiconductors mobility, field-effect transistors (FETs), the basic building block of any circuit, are still showing limited speed of operation, thus limiting their real applicability. So far, attempts with organic FETs to achieve the tens of MHz regime, a threshold for many applications comprising the driving of high resolution displays, have relied on the adoption of sophisticated lithographic techniques and/or complex architectures, undermining the whole concept. In this work we demonstrate polymer FETs which can operate up to 20 MHz and are fabricated by means only of scalable printing techniques and direct-writing methods with a completely mask-less procedure. This is achieved by combining a fs-laser process for the sintering of high resolution metal electrodes, thus easily achieving micron-scale channels with reduced parasitism down to 0.19 pF mm−1, and a large area coating technique of a high mobility polymer semiconductor, according to a simple and scalable process flow.
Variability of outcome reporting in Hirschsprung’s Disease and gastroschisis: a systematic review
Authors: Allin Benjamin Saul Raywood , Irvine Amy , Patni Nicholas , Knight Marian
Published: December 2016

Heterogeneity in outcome reporting limits identification of gold-standard treatments for Hirschsprung’s Disease(HD) and gastroschisis. This review aimed to identify which outcomes are currently investigated in HD and gastroschisis research so as to counter this heterogeneity through informing development of a core outcome set(COS). Two systematic reviews were conducted. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they compared surgical interventions for primary treatment of HD in review one, and gastroschisis in review two. Studies available only as abstracts were excluded from analysis of reporting transparency. Thirty-five HD studies were eligible for inclusion in the review, and 74 unique outcomes were investigated. The most commonly investigated was faecal incontinence (32 studies, 91%). Seven of the 28 assessed studies (25%) met all criteria for transparent outcome reporting. Thirty gastroschisis studies were eligible for inclusion in the review, and 62 unique outcomes were investigated. The most commonly investigated was length of stay (24 studies, 80%). None of the assessed studies met all criteria for transparent outcome reporting. This review demonstrates that heterogeneity in outcome reporting and a significant risk of reporting bias exist in HD and gastroschisis research. Development of a COS could counter these problems, and the outcome lists developed from this review could be used in that process.
Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome engineering enhanced by Drosha-mediated sgRNA-shRNA structure
Authors: Yan Qiang , Xu Kun , Xing Jiani , Zhang Tingting , Wang Xin , Wei Zehui , Ren Chonghua , Liu Zhongtian , Shao Simin , Zhang Zhiying
Published: December 2016

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system has recently been developed into a powerful genome-editing technology, as it requires only two key components (Cas9 protein and sgRNA) to function and further enables multiplex genome targeting and homology-directed repair (HDR) based precise genome editing in a wide variety of organisms. Here, we report a novel and interesting strategy by using the Drosha-mediated sgRNA-shRNA structure to direct Cas9 for multiplex genome targeting and precise genome editing. For multiplex genome targeting assay, we achieved more than 9% simultaneous mutant efficiency for 3 genomic loci among the puromycin-selected cell clones. By introducing the shRNA against DNA ligase IV gene (LIG4) into the sgRNA-shRNA construct, the HDR-based precise genome editing efficiency was improved as more than 2-fold. Our works provide a useful tool for multiplex and precise genome modifying in mammalian cells.
Dihydroartemisinin inhibits catabolism in rat chondrocytes by activating autophagy via inhibition of the NF-κB pathway
Authors: Jiang Li-Bo , Meng De-Hua , Lee Soo-Min , Liu Shu-Hao , Xu Qin-Tong , Wang Yang , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2016

Osteoarthritis is a disease with inflammatory and catabolic imbalance in cartilage. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a natural and safe anti-malarial agent, has been reported to inhibit inflammation, but its effects on chondrocytes have yet to be elucidated. We investigated the effects of DHA on catabolism in chondrocytes. Viability of SD rats chondrocytes was analyzed. Autophagy levels were determined via expression of autophagic markers LC3 and ATG5, GFP-LC3 analysis, acridine orange staining, and electron microscopy. ATG5 siRNA induced autophagic inhibition. Catabolic gene and chemokine expression was evaluated using qPCR. The NF-κB inhibitor SM7368 and p65 over-expression were used to analyze the role of NF-κB pathway in autophagic activation. A concentration of 1 μM DHA without cytotoxicity increased LC3-II and ATG5 levels as well as autophagosomal numbers in chondrocytes. DHA inhibited TNF-α-induced expression of MMP-3 and -9, ADAMTS5, CCL-2 and -5, and CXCL1, which was reversed by autophagic inhibition. TNF-α-stimulated nuclear translocation and degradation of the p65 and IκBα proteins, respectively, were attenuated in DHA-treated chondrocytes. NF-κB inhibition activated autophagy in TNF-α-treated chondrocytes, but p65 over-expression reduced the autophagic response to DHA. These results indicate that DHA might suppress the levels of catabolic and inflammatory factors in chondrocytes by promoting autophagy via NF-κB pathway inhibition.
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus secretomes: a comparative proteomic analysis
Authors: Cardoso Joana M. S. , Anjo Sandra I. , Fonseca Luís , Egas Conceição , Manadas Bruno , Abrantes Isabel
Published: December 2016

The pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, recognized as a worldwide major forest pest, is a migratory endoparasitic nematode with capacity to feed on pine tissues and also on fungi colonizing the trees. Bursaphelenchus mucronatus, the closest related species, differs from B. xylophilus on its pathogenicity, making this nematode a good candidate for comparative analyses. Secretome profiles of B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus were obtained and proteomic differences were evaluated by quantitative SWATH-MS. From the 681 proteins initially identified, 422 were quantified and compared between B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus secretomes and from these, 243 proteins were found differentially regulated: 158 and 85 proteins were increased in B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus secretomes, respectively. While increased proteins in B. xylophilus secretome revealed a strong enrichment in proteins with peptidase activity, the increased proteins in B. mucronatus secretome were mainly related to oxidative stress responses. The changes in peptidases were evaluated at the transcription level by RT-qPCR, revealing a correlation between the mRNA levels of four cysteine peptidases with secretion levels. The analysis presented expands our knowledge about molecular basis of B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus hosts interaction and supports the hypothesis of a key role of secreted peptidases in B. xylophilus pathogenicity.
A nomogram improves AJCC stages for colorectal cancers by introducing CEA, modified lymph node ratio and negative lymph node count
Authors: Zhang Zhen-yu , Gao Wei , Luo Qi-feng , Yin Xiao-wei , Basnet Shiva , Dai Zhen-ling , Ge Hai-yan
Published: December 2016

Lymph node stages (pN stages) are primary contributors to survival heterogeneity of the 7th AJCC staging system for colorectal cancer (CRC), indicating spaces for modifications. To implement the modifications, we selected eligible CRC patients from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database as participants in a training (n = 6675) and a test cohort (n = 6760), and verified tumor deposits to be metastatic lymph nodes to derive modified lymph node count (mLNC), lymph node ratio (mLNR), and positive lymph node count (mPLNC). After multivariate Cox regression analyses with forward stepwise elimination of the mLNC and mPLNC for the training cohort, a nomogram was constructed to predict overall survival (OS) via incorporating preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen, pT stages, negative lymph node count, mLNR and metastasis. Internal validations of the nomogram showed concordance indexes (c-index) of 0.750 (95% CI, 0.736–0.764) and 0.749 before and after corrections for overfitting. Serial performance evaluations indicated that the nomogram outperformed the AJCC stages (c-index = 0.725) with increased accuracy, net benefits, risk assessment ability, but comparable complexity and clinical validity. All the results were reproducible in the test cohort. In summary, the proposed nomogram may serve as an alternative to the AJCC stages. However, validations with longer follow-up periods are required.
In vitro effects of the small-molecule protein kinase C agonists on HIV latency reactivation
Authors: Brogdon Jessica , Ziani Widade , Wang Xiaolei , Veazey Ronald S. , Xu Huanbin
Published: December 2016

The persistence of latently HIV-infected cellular reservoirs represents the major obstacle to virus eradication in patients under antiretroviral therapy (ART). Cure strategies to eliminate these reservoirs are thus needed to reactivate proviral gene expression in latently infected cells. In this study, we tested optimal concentrations of PKC agonist candidates (PEP005/Ingenol-3-angelate, prostratin, bryostatin-1, and JQ1) to reactivate HIV latency in vitro, and examined their effects on cell survival, activation and epigenetic histone methylation after treatment alone or in combination in cell line and isolated CD4 T cells from SIV-infected macaques. The results showed that PKC agonists increased cell activation with different degrees of latency reactivation, concomitant with reduced levels of histone methylation. With increasing concentrations, prostratin and byrostain-1 treatment rapidly reduced cell survival and cell activation. The PKC agonist combinations, or in combination with JQ1, led to modest levels of synergistic reactivation of HIV. Remarkably, PEP005 treatment alone caused marked reactivation of HIV latency, similar to PMA stimulation. These findings suggested that PEP005 alone, as indicated its lower cytotoxicity and lower effective dose inducing maximal reactivation, might be a candidate for effectively reactivating HIV latency as part of a therapeutic strategy for HIV infection.
Choroidal fissure acts as an overflow device in cerebrospinal fluid drainage: morphological comparison between idiopathic and secondary normal-pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Yamada Shigeki , Ishikawa Masatsune , Iwamuro Yasushi , Yamamoto Kazuo
Published: December 2016

To clarify the pathogenesis of two different types of adult-onset normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), we investigated cerebrospinal fluid distribution on the high-field three-dimensional MRI. The subarachnoid spaces in secondary NPH were smaller than those in the controls, whereas those in idiopathic NPH were of similar size to the controls. In idiopathic NPH, however, the basal cistern and Sylvian fissure were enlarged in concurrence with ventricular enlargement towards the z-direction, but the convexity subarachnoid space was severely diminished. In this article, we provide evidence that the key cause of the disproportionate cerebrospinal fluid distribution in idiopathic NPH is the compensatory direct CSF communication between the inferior horn of the lateral ventricles and the ambient cistern at the choroidal fissure. In contrast, all parts of the subarachnoid spaces were equally and severely decreased in secondary NPH. Blockage of CSF drainage from the subarachnoid spaces could cause the omnidirectional ventricular enlargement in secondary NPH.
Trapping of Au nanoparticles in a microfluidic device using dielectrophoresis for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Almeida Gabriela B. , Poppi Ronei J. , da Silva José A. Fracassi
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we use DEP with insulating structures (iDEP) to generate a non-uniform electric field for trapping gold nanoparticles (AuNP). The system was coupled to a Raman spectrometer for the detection of Crystal Violet by utilizing the SERS effect.
An isothermal electrochemical biosensor for the sensitive detection of microRNA based on a catalytic hairpin assembly and supersandwich amplification
Authors: Zhang Hua , Wang Qing , Yang Xiaohai , Wang Kemin , Li Qing , Li Zhiping , Gao Lei , Nie Wenyan , Zheng Yan
Published: December 2016

An isothermal electrochemical biosensor was proposed for the sensitive detection of microRNA based on a catalytic hairpin assembly and supersandwich amplification.
Switchable long-range double layer force observed in a protic ionic liquid
Authors: Hjalmarsson N. , Atkin R. , Rutland M. W.
Published: December 2016

A repulsive double layer force has been measured for ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) at 373 K and 393 K, which is absent at lower temperatures.
Functionalized hydrazide macrocycle ion channels showing pH-sensitive ion selectivities
Authors: Xin Pengyang , Tan Si , Wang Yaodong , Sun Yonghui , Wang Yan , Xu Yuqing , Chen Chang-Po
Published: December 2016

The protonation and deprotonation of multiple amines and carboxyls in channels change the charge distribution, which leads to pH-sensitive ion selectivity.
N-Doped porous carbon nanotubes: synthesis and application in catalysis
Authors: Yang Zhenzhen , Liu Zhenghui , Zhang Hongye , Yu Bo , Zhao Yanfei , Wang Huan , Ji Guipeng , Chen Yu , Liu Xinwei , Liu Zhimin
Published: December 2016

Hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes were prepared; they exhibited high catalytic efficiency for C–H arylation, hydrogen transfer and oxidation reactions.
4d and 5d bimetal doped tubular silicon clusters Si12M2 with M = Nb, Ta, Mo and W: a bimetallic configuration model
Authors: Pham Hung Tan , Majumdar Devashis , Leszczynski Jerzy , Nguyen Minh Tho
Published: December 2016

M2Si12 clusters are found in a bimetallic tubular structure where one metal atom is located in the central region of a (6/6) tube, and the other is capped outside to a hexagonal face. A bimetallic configuration containing 11 MOs, partially or fully occupied by up to 22 electrons, was established to interpret their stability.
Seeing the invisible plasma with transient phonons in cuprous oxide
Authors: Frazer Laszlo , Schaller Richard D. , Chang Kelvin B. , Chernatynskiy Aleksandr , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R.
Published: December 2016

Light conversion leaks energy by transmitting sub-bandgap light and by plasma phonon emission. Here, phonons are upconverted to excitons using sub-bandgap light, capturing the phonon dynamics.
Protonation of aqueous alanine by photoionization of water
Authors: Thøgersen J. , Coletta A. , Keiding S. R. , Jensen F. , Jones N. , Hoffmann S. V. , Jensen S. J. Knak
Published: December 2016

Hydronium ions produced by photolysis of water are used to study the protonation dynamics of alanine zwitterions in water.
Room-temperature ferromagnetism in the two-dimensional layered Cu2MoS4 nanosheets
Authors: Zhang Ke , Khan Rashid , Guo Hongyan , Ali Irfan , Li Xiuling , Lin Yunxiang , Chen Haiping , Yan Wensheng , Wu Xiaojun , Song Li
Published: December 2016

A room-temperature ferromagnetic behavior was observed in a ternary layered-Cu2MoS4 nanosheet.
An unexpected bridge between chemical bonding indicators and electrical conductivity through the localization tensor
Authors: Pendás Ángel Martín , Guevara-Vela José Manuel , Crespo Daniel Menéndez , Costales Aurora , Francisco Evelio
Published: December 2016

A metal or an insulator is known to be determined through the divergence or convergence of the localization tensor, which is now shown to depend on how fast bond orders decay with the interatomic distance.
Diamond nanostructures for drug delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing
Authors: Chen Xianfeng , Zhang Wenjun
Published: December 2016

This review summarizes the superior properties of diamond nanoparticles and vertically aligned diamond nanoneedles and their applications in biosensing, bioimaging and drug delivery.
Enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of Au@Ag core–shell bimetallic nanoparticles immobilized on electrospun TiO2nanofibers for degradation of organic compounds
Authors: Misra Mrinmoy , Singh Narendra , Gupta Raju Kumar
Published: December 2016

In this work, Au@Ag core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) with variable Ag shell thickness were synthesized and immobilized on TiO2nanofibers (TNF).
Kinetics study of the Ru/C-catalysed hydrogenolysis of polyols – insight into the interactions with the metal surface
Authors: Hausoul Peter J. C. , Beine Anna K. , Neghadar Leila , Palkovits Regina
Published: December 2016

Kinetic analysis of stereoisomerization, decarbonylation and deoxygenation provides insight into the reactivity and dynamics of polyols on Ru-surfaces.
Chemical and photochemical water oxidation catalyzed by novel ruthenium complexes comprising a negatively charged NCNHCO ligand
Authors: Su Wei , Younus Hussein A. , Zhou Kui , Khattak Zafar A. K. , Chaemcheun Somboon , Chen Cheng , Verpoort Francis
Published: December 2016

Pincer-type ruthenium complexes incorporating an asymmetric negatively charged imidazolylidene were prepared and capable to oxidize water chemically and photo-chemically with high stability.
Gene expression modulation of lipid and central energetic metabolism related genes by high-fat diet intake in the main homeostatic tissues
Authors: Reynés Bàrbara , Palou Mariona , Palou Andreu
Published: December 2016

HF diet feeding affects the energy balance by transcriptional metabolic adaptations, based in direct gene expression modulation, perinatal programing and transcriptional factor regulation, which could be affected by the animal model, gender or period of dietary treatment.
Bio-inspired single-chain polymeric nanoparticles containing a chiral salen TiIV complex for highly enantioselective sulfoxidation in water
Authors: Zhang Yaoyao , Tan Rong , Gao Mengqiao , Hao Pengbo , Yin Donghong
Published: December 2016

Bio-inspired SCPNs containing a chiral salen TiIV complex in the IL-mediated hydrophobic cavity exhibited enzyme-mimetic activity, especially, outstanding selectivity, and facile reusability in enantioselective sulfoxidation in water.
Biomimetic oxidation of cyclic and linear alkanes: high alcohol selectivity promoted by a novel manganese porphyrin catalyst
Authors: da Silva Vinicius Santos , dos Santos Vieira Warleson Cândido , Meireles Alexandre Moreira , Ucoski Geani Maria , Nakagaki Shirley , Idemori Ynara Marina , DeFreitas-Silva Gilson
Published: December 2016

A novel β-brominated Mn-porphyrin acts as a good catalyst for alkane (cyclohexane, adamantine and n-hexane) oxidation in biomimetic systems.
Hybrid films of VO2 nanoparticles and a nickel(ii)-based ligand exchange thermochromic system: excellent optical performance with a temperature responsive colour change
Authors: Zhu Jingting , Huang Aibin , Ma Haibin , Chen Yunxiang , Zhang Sanpei , Ji Shidong , Bao Shanhu , Jin Ping
Published: December 2016

This work reports a VO2/NLETS hybrid film with a 127% increase in ΔTsol and an evident temperature-responsive colour change.
Zinc-catalyzed chemoselective alkylation of α-keto amides with 2-alkylazaarenes
Authors: Muthukumar Alagesan , Sekar Govindasamy
Published: December 2016

A zinc-catalyzed C(sp3)–H addition of 2-alkylazaarenes to α-keto amides to furnish azaarene incorporated α-hydroxy amides has been developed for the first time. Chemoselective alkylation of the keto functionality of the α-keto amides in the presence of isolated ketones is the key advantage of this Zn-catalyzed protocol.
Synthesis of rhamnosylated arginine glycopeptides and determination of the glycosidic linkage in bacterial elongation factor P
Authors: Wang Siyao , Corcilius Leo , Sharp Phillip P. , Rajkovic Andrei , Ibba Michael , Parker Benjamin L. , Payne Richard J.
Published: December 2016

We describe the synthesis and incorporation of α- and β-configured rhamnosyl arginine cassettes into Pseudomonas aeruginosa elongation factor P-derived glycopeptides. These were used to unequivocally determine the native anomeric configuration of the rhamnose moiety in EF-P.
Significantly improved electrochemical performance of CFxpromoted by SiO2modification for primary lithium batteries
Authors: Zhu Yanlei , Zhang Lijuan , Zhao Huihui , Fu Yu
Published: December 2016

CFx/SiO2composites with different SiO2sources have been synthesized as cathode materials for primary lithium batteries.
Low‐complexity hybrid precoding for multi‐user massive MIMO systems: a hybrid EGT/ZF approach
Authors: Hanif Muhammad , Yang Hong‐Chuan , Boudreau Gary , Sich Edward , Seyedmehdi Hossein
Published: December 2016

Massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems bring manifold improvements in the system spectral efficiency but result in high hardware and processing complexity at the base station. Employing hybrid precoding at the base station can reduce such complexity. In this study, unlike most existing work on hybrid precoding design, the authors consider a sub‐connected analogue combining structure to reduce the complexity. Starting from an important observation on the effect of sequentially designed analogue phased arrays on users' sum rate, the authors develop three low‐complexity hybrid precoding schemes for a multi‐user massive MIMO system. The proposed schemes apply equal gain transmission (EGT) based analogue beamforming to reap the diversity benefit of an analogue phased array and employ zero‐forcing (ZF) beamforming for nullifying inter‐user interference. The authors carry out an extensive computational complexity analysis and simulation study on the proposed schemes. The proposed singular‐value decomposition based EGT scheme outperforms all others but incurs the highest computational burden. On the other hand, the sequential‐EGT scheme is the least computationally intensive scheme but shows the worse performance amongst them.
Gravitational search algorithm‐based optimal control of archimedes wave swing‐based wave energy conversion system supplying a DC microgrid under uncertain dynamics
Authors: Hasanien Hany M.
Published: December 2016

This study presents a novel application of the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) to optimally control a wave energy conversion (WEC) system under different operating conditions. In the WEC system, the generator side converter controls the d‐axis and q‐axis current of the generator for minimising the generator power losses and extracting the maximum real power from the WEC system, respectively. The DC–DC converter is implemented to maintain the terminal voltage of the DC microgrid. The control of both converters relies on the proportional–integral controllers, which are optimally designed by the GSA through a simulation‐based optimisation approach. In that manner, the integral of squared error criteria is used as an objective function. The validity of the WEC system model is verified by comparing its simulation results with the experimental results that extracted from a field test. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is tested when the system is subjected to different operating conditions such as a DC microgrid load disturbance, a temporary DC fault condition, and an irregular wave condition. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is compared with that by using the genetic algorithm. The simulation results of the system are extensively carried out using PSCAD/EMTDC program.
Efficient photochemistry of coronene:water complexes
Authors: Noble J. A. , Jouvet C. , Aupetit C. , Moudens A. , Mascetti J.
Published: December 2016

The photochemistry of ices with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been extensively studied, but to date no investigation has been made of PAHs in interaction with low numbers (n< 4) of molecules of water. We performed photochemical matrix isolation studies of coronene:water complexes, probing the argon matrix with FTIR spectroscopy. We find that coronene readily reacts with water upon irradiation with a mercury vapour lamp to produce oxygenated PAH photoproducts, and we postulate a reaction mechanism via a charge transfer Rydberg state. This result suggests that oxygenated PAHs should be widely observed in regions of the ISM with sufficiently high water abundances, for example near the edges of molecular clouds where water molecules begin to form, but before icy layers are observed, that is at AV< 3. In order to explain the low derived observational abundances of oxygenated PAHs, additional destruction routes must be invoked.
Polarimetry at millimeter wavelengths with the NIKA camera: calibration and performance
Authors: Ritacco A. , Ponthieu N. , Catalano A. , Adam R. , Ade P. , André P. , Beelen A. , Benoît A. , Bideaud A. , Billot N. , Bourrion O. , Calvo M. , Coiffard G. , Comis B. , Désert F.-X. , Doyle S. , Goupy J. , Kramer C. , Leclercq S. , Macías-Pérez J. F. , Mauskopf P. , Maury A. , Mayet F. , Monfardini A. , Pajot F. , Pascale E. , Perotto L. , Pisano G. , Rebolo-Iglesias M. , Revéret V. , Rodriguez L. , Romero C. , Ruppin F. , Savini G. , Schuster K. , Sievers A. , Thum C. , Triqueneaux S. , Tucker C. , Zylka R.
Published: December 2016

Magnetic fields, which play a major role in a large number of astrophysical processes can be traced via observations of dust polarization. In particular, Planck low-resolution observations of dust polarization have demonstrated that Galactic filamentary structures, where star formation takes place, are associated to well organized magnetic fields. A better understanding of this process requires detailed observations of galactic dust polarization on scales of 0.01 to 0.1 pc. Such high-resolution polarization observations can be carried out at the IRAM 30 m telescope using the recently installed NIKA2 camera, which features two frequency bands at 260 and 150 GHz (respectively 1.15 and 2.05 mm), the 260 GHz band being polarization sensitive. NIKA2 so far in commissioning phase, has its focal plane filled with ~3300 detectors to cover a Field of View (FoV) of 6.5 arcmin diameter. The NIKA camera, which consisted of two arrays of 132 and 224 Lumped Element Kinetic Inductance Detectors (LEKIDs) and a FWHM (Full-Width-Half-Maximum) of 12 and 18.2 arcsec at 1.15 and 2.05 mm respectively, has been operated at the IRAM 30 m telescope from 2012 to 2015 as a test-bench for NIKA2. NIKA was equipped of a room temperature polarization system (a half wave plate (HWP) and a grid polarizer facing the NIKA cryostat window). The fast and continuous rotation of the HWP permits the quasi simultaneous reconstruction of the three Stokes parameters, I, Q, and U at 150 and 260 GHz. This paper presents the first polarization measurements with KIDs and reports the polarization performance of the NIKA camera and the pertinence of the choice of the polarization setup in the perspective of NIKA2. We describe the polarized data reduction pipeline, specifically developed for this project and how the continuous rotation of the HWP permits to shift the polarized signal far from any low frequency noise. We also present the dedicated algorithm developed to correct systematic leakage effects. We report results on compact and extended sources obtained duringthe February 2015 technical campaign. These results demonstrate a good understanding of polarization systematics and state-of-the-art performance in terms of photometry, polarization degree and polarization angle reconstruction.
Syndrome d’hyperdivergence faciale
Authors: Hernández-Alfaro Federico
Published: December 2016

Introduction : Depuis que les analyses céphalométriques existent, un nombre
significatif de méthodes d’évaluation de la dimension verticale squelettique a été
proposé. De notre point de vue, le diagnostic d’une dysmorphie de la dimension verticale
n’a rien à voir avec les chiffres et les mesures. Tout est affaire de perception et plutôt
d’impressions subjectives. Cette impression de face longue survient quand un facteur isolé
ou plusieurs causes sont réunies : excès vertical maxillaire, infraclusie, excès vertical
antérieur mandibulaire, face étroite, manque de définition menton-cou Méthode :
La planification du traitement est suivie d’une simulation 3D et de la
conception-fabrication par ordinateur (CAD-CAM) de gouttières chirurgicales.
Conclusion : La prise en charge chirurgicale des cas présentant une
hyperdivergence faciale met en jeu différentes stratégies thérapeutiques qui peuvent être
utilisées isolément ou combinées : impaction maxillaire, réduction verticale du menton,
rotation antihoraire du plan occlusal.
Étiologie et traitements des béances antérieures chez les
patients en croissance : une étude narrative
Authors: Caprioglio Alberto , Fastuca Rosamaria
Published: December 2016

Introduction : Le sujet des béances antérieures mérite d’être approfondi. Il
n’existe pas en effet de preuves suffisantes concernant l’étiologie ni de consensus sur
les meilleures options thérapeutiques (taux de réussite et stabilité). L’étiologie
recouvre l’interaction de facteurs fonctionnels tels que les habitudes prolongées de
succion, la respiration buccale, la pulsion linguale ou l’aspiration labiale, la taille de
la langue, les troubles de l’éruption et une croissance faciale verticale génétiquement
déterminée. Les options de traitement précoce des béances antérieures sont encore
controversées. Objectifs : Le but de cette étude sur les béances est
d’évaluer l’efficacité des différentes options thérapeutiques en denture mixte, de
déterminer celle qui semble la plus efficace et d’analyser la stabilité des résultats.
À la recherche d’un équilibre dans les décisions
thérapeutiques. L’exemple du traitement des malocclusions de classe II chez l’enfant et
l’adolescent
Authors: Amat Philippe
Published: December 2016

Introduction : La prise de décisions thérapeutiques est par essence le cœur
de notre activité et son aspect le plus médical. L’histoire de l’orthodontie est jalonnée
de multiples débats d’idées, de confrontations entre philosophies de traitement opposées,
dont les auteurs ambitionnent, tous, l’atteinte d’un équilibre, gage d’un optimum
thérapeutique pour leurs patients. Parmi la profusion des données publiées, quels éléments
pouvons-nous retenir pour prendre des décisions thérapeutiques équilibrées dans notre
exercice quotidien, et comment pouvons-nous garder notre sérénité face à l’incertitude et
la solitude de la décision thérapeutique ? Matériels et méthodes :
L’orthodontie fondée sur les faits est une démarche d’aide à la prise de décisions
cliniques. Ses principaux éléments sont décrits en prenant pour exemple le traitement des
malocclusions de classe II chez l’enfant et l’adolescent, et sont illustrés de quatre cas
cliniques. Résultats : La recherche des meilleures données pré-évaluées sur
les traitements en deux phases montre que : (1) une diminution significative de la
prévalence des traumatismes incisifs est observée lorsqu’un surplomb incisif augmenté est
corrigé par une première phase de traitement chez l’enfant, comparativement à un
traitement mené en une seule phase au début de l’adolescence; (2) les effets à long terme
d’une première phase de traitement sur la quantité de croissance mandibulaire sont, au
mieux, faibles et cliniquement non significatifs. Discussion : L’approche
fondée sur les faits, particulièrement lorsqu’elle est pratiquée en mode
usager, nous aide à prendre des décisions cliniques plus équilibrées.
Pour autant, l’article souligne le rôle déterminant du clinicien et le double risque d’une
réduction de la démarche factuelle à un simple standard de soins, ce qu’elle n’est pas, et
à l’assujettissement de la prise en charge des actes de soins à une stricte application
clinique des données de la littérature.
Déplacements orthodontiques pré-prothétiques : vers une
meilleure efficacité en utilisant des ancrages osseux temporaires (TADs)
Authors: Maino Giuliano B. , Maino Giovanna , Dalessandri Domenico , Paganelli Corrado
Published: December 2016

Introduction : L’orthodontie est un outil essentiel dans l’approche
pluridisciplinaire des réhabilitations prothétiques par la possibilité qu’elle offre de
déplacer les dents concernées dans une position idéale et d’améliorer, ou même de
corriger, des défauts parodontaux. Des systèmes mécaniques ont été conçus et décrits pour
limiter au maximum l’étendue des appareils orthodontiques et la durée de ces traitements.
Cependant, il n’est pas toujours aisé de contrôler les mouvements dentaires et de gérer
l’ancrage orthodontique quand l’appareil ne s’étend que sur quelques dents. De plus, la
durée du traitement peut s’allonger car nous avons besoin d’appliquer des forces légères
et parce que nous devons corriger les mouvements indésirables qui peuvent éventuellement
survenir. Matériels et méthodes : Différents cas cliniques sont présentés.
Résultats : Ces exemples illustrent comment, en utilisant des ancrages
osseux temporaires (TADs), le traitement pluridisciplinaire peut être simplifié, et
comment nous pouvons obtenir des résultats hautement prévisibles, avec une durée de
traitement souvent réduite.
Intérêt de l’imagerie tridimensionnelle dans la pratique
clinique de l’orthodontie
Authors: Frèrejouand Emmanuel
Published: December 2016

Introduction : Les moyens techniques de l’imagerie en trois dimensions
(imagerie 3D) ne cessent de progresser dans le domaine de l’orthodontie. Du point de vue
diagnostique, le patient peut être désormais comparé à ses propres limites anatomiques et
non plus à des normes céphalométriques. Concernant le plan de traitement, il est également
possible de prévisualiser un traitement orthodontique grâce à un set-up digitalisé. La
mécanique orthodontique se trouve modifiée par les possibilités de créations d’appareils
orthodontiques individualisés. Enfin, la recherche scientifique s’appuie sur cet outil
pour créer de nouveaux moyens d’investigation. Matériels et méthodes :
L’auteur expose les progrès rendus possibles par l’imagerie 3D tant au niveau
diagnostique que clinique, mais également les obligations engendrées par celle-ci.
Discussion : L’utilisation clinique quotidienne de ces techniques s’inscrit
dans le cadre d’une amélioration des performances de notre discipline, pour le bien-être
du patient. Des guides de bonnes pratiques doivent être élaborés afin d’établir leurs
indications et leurs contre-indications en faisant référence aux résultats d’évaluations
scientifiques. Résultats : L’avènement du numérique dans nos cabinets
d’orthodontie nécessite une refonte complète de nos habitudes de fonctionnement afin que
le professionnel de santé garde la maîtrise de la décision thérapeutique.
Is There an Ideal Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level? Confusion regarding Lipid Guidelines, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Targets, and Medical Management
Authors: Whayne Thomas
Published: December 2016

There are multiple guidelines for managing patients with high-risk cardiovascular disease, and unfortunately for the practicing clinician, these guidelines are quite variable. Some are fairly specific whereas others are not, resulting in a great deal of confusion regarding whether management of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) should be tailored only, targeted only, or managed by a combination of both. In the management of cardiovascular disease, favorable cardiovascular outcomes can be obtained by simply lowering the LDL-C in the absence of any other medications. The advent of statins, the most potent LDL-C–lowering medication yet when developed, provided benefits augmented by the presence of multiple pleiotropic effects. Tailoring and/or targeting the decrease in LDL-C is also an issue of concern. Then, in 2016, the new proprotein convertase sutilisin-like/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors appeared, providing a solution to patients with high-risk cardiovascular disease with statin intolerance and those who did not attain a desired LDL-C level while on a high-dose statin. These new PCSK9 inhibitors necessitate a determination of how low the LDL-C can and should go, most likely safely down to a beneficial level of 25 mg/dL for the highest-risk patient. These issues are documented and discussed with an attempt to help the reader make an informed risk management decision.
Minimally Invasive Approach for Resection of Parameningeal Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Wertz Aileen , Tillman Brittny , Brinkmeier Jennifer , Glazer Tiffany , Kroeker Andrew , Sullivan Steven , McKean Erin
Published: December 2016

Background About one-third of rhabdomyosarcomas arise in the head and neck, with parameningeal primaries accounting for half of these. Principles of management involve chemotherapy, radiation, or both, in addition to surgical biopsy, debulking, and complete or near-complete resection. In the head and neck, diagnostic biopsies have historically been performed without attempt at resection due to proximity to critical structures and cosmetic considerations.

Methods Retrospective chart review of three cases of rhabdomyosarcoma at the cranial base managed through minimally invasive endoscopic surgical resection and adjuvant therapy.

Results Three patients were identified as having undergone endoscopic surgical debulking or margin-negative resection of a rhabdomyosarcoma of the cranial base. Two of three patients had complete resection based on intraoperative margin control. All three patients underwent adjuvant therapy within 1 month of diagnosis. Follow-up time ranged from 5 months to 3 years with all patients disease-free at last follow-up.

Conclusion Skull base surgeons should routinely be involved in multidisciplinary treatment planning for parameningeal rhabdomyosarcomas, as surgical options have evolved to allow for potential endoscopic resection with low morbidity and no or minimal delay in additional treatment options.
Between Indians and “Cowboys”: The Role of ICT in the Management of Contradictory Self-images and the Production of Carbon Credits in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Rajão Raoni , Marcolino Camilla
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we draw upon Goffman's symbolic interactionism to analyze the ways in which new users in developing countries have adopted ICT to present and manage contradictory self-images to different groups of the public. In particular, we show that the Acapú, an indigenous group in the Amazon, present themselves through online videos and websites as ideal Indians: innate forest stewards aiming to mitigate climate change and ensure the planet's environmental sustainability. At the same time, the Acapú are also represented through a complex computer simulation model as destructive “cowboys”: farmers and ranchers who are willing to develop by clearing their forests in the absence of financial compensation. This research shows that these two opposing self-images, while contradictory, are necessary for the implementation of REDD projects (a payment mechanism for reducing greenhouse emissions from deforestation). In order to obtain carbon credits from avoided deforestation, the project relies on the difference between deforestation measurements and high levels of predicted deforestation, which in turn, depend on the presentation of destructive self-images through the use of a complex computer simulation. But to sell these credits on a voluntary carbon market, it is necessary for the Acapú to openly market a self-image through the Internet which is attractive to corporate buyers willing to boost their eco-friendly profile. Based on this analysis, the paper challenges the narrative whereby Southern ICT users are passive receivers of technological black boxes. In contrast, it shows that in some cases these new users may participate in the creation of ICT artifacts to manage the impressions of distant audiences. Furthermore, the paper calls attention to the role of computer simulations and other ICT applications in concealing the paradoxes of neoliberal environmental management practices.
Do rates of depression vary by level of alcohol misuse in Australian general practice?
Authors: Hobden Breanne , Bryant Jamie , Sanson-Fisher Rob , Oldmeadow Christopher , Carey Mariko
Published: December 2016

Limited data exist regarding co-occurring alcohol misuse and depression among general practice patients. This study examined the prevalence of depression by level of alcohol misuse, and the sociodemographic factors associated with depression and increased alcohol misuse severity. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 3559 Australian general practice patients. Patients completed their demographic details, the Patient Health Questionnaire (9-item) and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (Consumption items). The prevalence of alcohol misuse and depression was 6.7%, and depression prevalence varied significantly according to level of alcohol misuse (P<0.001). Age, gender, Aboriginality and number of chronic diseases were associated with depression and higher levels of alcohol misuse. These findings may assist General Practitioners in identifying those at risk of experiencing co-morbid depression and alcohol use, and aid in effective treatment and referral.
Quinoa Tempe as a Value‐Added Food: Sensory, Nutritional, and Bioactive Parameters of Products from White, Red, and Black Seeds
Authors: Starzyńska‐Janiszewska Anna , Bączkowicz Małgorzata , Sabat Renata , Stodolak Bożena , Witkowicz Robert
Published: December 2016

This experiment was aimed at comparing the sensory, nutritional, and bioactive parameters of tempe‐type products obtained from quinoa seeds by means of solid‐state fermentation with Rhizopus oligosporus. Quinoa tempe was compact and nonsporulating, of 61–65% moisture content. The products were favorably assessed by a sensory panel. Tempe from colored and white quinoa differed according to descriptive profiling of texture and flavor. As compared with the substrates, tempe had more protein (15–20%), free amino acids (5.5‐fold to ninefold), and fiber (on average 48%, with increased share of soluble fraction), higher antiradical activity (160%), and higher reducing power. Quinoa tempe contained on average 160 g/kg dry matter (DM) of protein, 759 g/kg DM of carbohydrates, and 56 g/kg DM of fat. Black quinoa tempe was the richest in total fiber (180 g/kg DM) and insoluble fiber (155 g/kg DM). Products differed according to antioxidant parameters: white quinoa tempe had the highest phenols level (6.8 mg/g DM), ABTS⋅+ scavenging activity, and reducing power. Therefore, white and colored quinoa seeds can be recommended to obtain value‐added tempe‐type food products.