bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology Focus: Production Monitoring/Surveillance
Authors: Kuck Marc
Published: February 2016

Technology Focus

As we take a look over the last year, the industry has seen further advancements in the areas of production monitoring, surveillance, analysis, and optimization. We continue to find new ways of data gathering, processing, and interpretation. We are optimizing our operations and even predicting future production behavior in a new manner. Innovative intervention methods have also followed with creative methods of addressing a variety of performance issues. We have become more efficient at using existing technology to improve performance in mature fields and in full-field management strategies for new developments. Technology is improving continuously to help us with production optimization through new approaches, including downhole multiphase-flow measurement, wireless data gathering, wireless power-transfer methods, and new fluids technology. We have seen enhancement in predictive analysis with regard to determination of production performance as well as equipment failure for multiple types of artificial-lift methods. The last year witnessed further studies and improvements in the understanding of heavy-oil and unconventional reservoirs.

While production optimization is improving continuously, growing environmental concerns are also being addressed with better understanding and technology. The contributions allowing these steps forward are being generated from large fields, offshore developments, smaller land-based operations, and all sectors of our business. New ideas and methods are being shared from all regions of the globe, demonstrating the diversity and strength of the industry as well as the people making these contributions. This efficiency and innovation should help us continue on a path of success as global markets change in the future.

The articles selected for review are intended to show some examples of implementing multiple concepts and methodologies for production evaluation while applying the data to achieve better performance. While demonstrating the full system overview, also included is an insight into the enabling technology allowing these improvements and possibly a glimpse into what may lie ahead as we continue down the path toward further understanding of our reservoirs. JPT

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 171101 An Integrated Approach Using Commercial Monitoring and Surveillance Tools Coupled With Statistical Analysis Techniques To Optimize Oil, Heavy-Oil, and Extraheavy- Oil Reservoirs by D. Lee, DL Petroleum Engineering and Consulting, et al.

SPE 170864 Mature Fractured Reservoir Meets the Era of Young Minds and the New Age of Technology Digital Oil Field by Mariam Abdul-Raheem Jamal, KOC, et al.

SPE 164854 Downhole Multiphase-Flow Measurement in Horizontal Wellbores by o. Haldun unalmis, Weatherford, et al.
Seismic-Frequency- vs. Seismic-Interval- Velocity-Based Pore-Pressure Prediction
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: February 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 167915, “Seismic-Frequency- vs. Seismic-Interval-Velocity-Based Pore- Pressure-Prediction Methodologies for a Near-Salt Field in Mississippi Canyon, Gulf of Mexico: Accuracy Analysis and Implications,” by T. Mannon, Stone Energy and University of Louisiana at Lafayette; S. Salehi, University of Louisiana at Lafayette; and R. Young, eSeis, prepared for the 2014 SPE Drilling Conference and Exhibition, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, 4–6 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The process of risk and uncertainty reduction in unconventional-drilling operations starts with improving techniques for pore-pressure modeling. A study conducted in a near-salt field in deepwater Gulf of Mexico (GOM) that compared the accuracy of seismic-frequency- and seismic-interval-velocity-based methodologies showed significantly higher accuracy for the seismic-frequency- based approach in wells that were in near- or subsalt environments and higher overall accuracy for all wells.

Introduction

The current standard practice for modern pore-pressure prediction relies on interval velocities obtained through seismic surveys. The methodology has seen many changes, but transforms used for interval-velocity-based pore-pressure prediction are for the most part still heavily reliant on the assumption that the porosity trend is directly related to pore pressure. Also, rock velocities are highly dependent on factors such as lithology and porosity, which may have nothing to do with effective stress, the key factor that all pore- pressure models are designed to predict. A seismic application for formation-pressure prediction has been explored that avoids any and all assumed relationships between porosity and effective stress: seismic-frequency-based pore-pressure prediction.

Seismic-Frequency-Based Pore-Pressure Prediction

To grasp the idea of pore-pressure prediction through seismic frequencies, the concept of attenuation and quality factor (Q) must be understood first. Attenuation can be defined in regard to seismic applications as the progressive loss of energy of an acoustic wave traveling through a medium. Attenuation will cause a drop in average frequency for a given seismic signal. Q defines the “quality” of the rock, or any medium through which an acoustic wave is passed. A signal that shows a higher average frequency will be associated with a higher Q value than a signal of lower frequency; thus, attenuation is inversely related to Q.
Comparison of adsorption models for the removal of fluorides, nitrates and sulfates by adsorption onto AFN membrane
Authors: Guesmi Fatma , Louati Islem , Hannachi Chiraz , Hamrouni Béchir
Published: February 2016

The main purpose of this work was to determine adsorption characteristics of fluoride, nitrate and sulfate ions on the AFN membrane. The sorption isotherms for , and ions on the AFN membrane were investigated in the range of 0.05–1 mol.L–1 at 298 K. The suitability of the Langmuir, Dubinin–Astakhov (D-A) and Redlich–Peterson adsorption models to the equilibrium data was investigated. The sorption parameters of the studied models were determined by non-linear regression and discussed. Equilibrium data obtained in this study were found to best fit the Langmuir isotherm. The ΔG° values deduced from the Langmuir isotherm suggest that the affinity order of the AFN membrane for the studied anions is: . In order to improve their selectivity towards monovalent ions, the AFN membrane was modified by adsorption of polyethyleneimine on its surface. Adsorption parameters values of the studied models were determined for the modified AFN membrane. The D-A model provides the best fit to the experimental points. In fact, removal of fluoride and nitrate ions by adsorption on the modified AFN membrane was more effective than the adsorption on the unmodified one. Desorption of fluoride from the modified AFN membrane by nitrate and sulfate ions was investigated.
Dropshaft cascades in urban drainage systems
Authors: Granata Francesco
Published: February 2016

Dropshaft cascades are typical elements of sewer systems in steep urban catchment basins. The design of a dropshaft cascade, which is generally addressed as an optimization problem, also needs to consider the subsequent effects induced on the flow by the different elements of the cascade. Experimental research has been performed at the hydraulic engineering laboratory of the University of Cassino and Southern Lazio in order to investigate the basic flow patterns in a dropshaft cascade, with particular reference to energy dissipation and air entrainment. This research has shown that, regarding these aspects, a dropshaft cascade proved to be a more efficient solution of the single drop manhole with the same total drop height.
Herbal Pharmacotherapy of Hypertension
Authors: Adeneye Adejuwon A.
Published: February 2016

Hypertension remains one of the most common forms of cardiovascular
diseases affecting and plaguing both developing and developed countries. Hypertension,
despite its ever-increasing prevalence across all age-groups, sex and race is often
associated with potent debilitating complications that constitute huge financial and
social burdens to both its sufferers and the society at large. Thus, hypertension and other
related cardiovascular diseases are considered public menace. Effective management of
hypertension requires a holistic and multidisciplinary approach, based on the
identification of patients at highest cardiovascular risk and the use of multifactorial
interventions, targeting not only the high blood pressure but all modifiable
cardiovascular risk factors. Despite, remarkable and landmark progress and success
recorded with the use of conventional pharmacotherapies in the management of
hypertension and its complications, therapeutic failures still remain a major clinical
concern. Thus, the current chapter defines, highlights and discusses the epidemiology,
classification, aetiopathophysiology and risk factors, and complications of hypertension,
conventional treatment strategies and alternative therapies (particularly with herbal
therapies) employed in the local management of this disease. In addition, an in-depth
insight into the recent development in the therapeutic/clinical use of herbal therapies in
the local management of hypertension with the view of providing evidence-based preclinical
and clinical data that are geared towards promoting the therapeutic use of these
alternatives as alternative/adjuvant therapy in the effective management of
hypertension.
Silymarin and Its Impact on Diabetes
Authors: Malekinejad Hassan , Rezabakhsh Aysa
Published: February 2016

Silymarin (SMN) is a complex mixture of flavonolignans extracted from
seeds of the milk thistle (Silybummarianum). Traditionally, SMN has been used as a
natural remedy for digestive problems and in particular for diseases of the liver and the
biliary tract, for menstrual disorders and varicose veins. Other potential indications of
SMN are related to its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties demonstrated
predominantly in in vitro assays. During the last years there are increasing data
indicating beneficial effects of SMN on diabetes-induced negative impacts on tissues
including the liver, pancreas and kidneys. Moreover, since the liver and kidneys are
acting as the major organs which are biotransforming the xenobiotic and endogenous
compounds, therefore any disorder in the function of aforementioned organs could be
critical in diabetic patients. Therefore, in this chapter, we introduced SMN, its physicchemical
properties, pharmacological effects and traditional uses. Our results from the
last ten years about SMN protective and regulatory effects on drug and xenobiotic
biotransforming enzymes in experimentally-induced diabetic animals are also
discussed. Influence of SMN on pharmacokinetics of other concurrently administered
antidiabetic drugs will be highlighted. Ultimately, its beneficial effects on diabeticinduced
oxidative and nitrosative stress, histopathological injuries and biochemical
markers in the liver, pancreas and kidneys are updated.
Monograph on Coccinia indica Wight and Arn
Authors: Selvan P. Senthamil , Priya E. Sanmuga , Dhanam T.
Published: February 2016

Coccinia indica Wight and Arn (CI) is a plant belonging to Cucurbitaceae
family. Most of the plant parts of CI are used in traditional system of medicine in India. CI
has been demonstrated to exhibit several pharmacological properties including antidiabetic,
antioxidant, antimirobial, antidyslipidemic, anthelmintic, antiinflammatory, analgesic
antipyretic, hepatoprotective, ovicidal, wound healing, antitussive, anticancer and
antilithiatic activities.The health benefits of CIare mainly attributed to the various phytoconstituents
such as cryptoxanthin, cucurbitacin, taraxerone, lupeol, taraxerol, xyloglucan,
sitosterol, heptacosane, beta amyrin and beta amyrin acetate. This chapter discusses the
pharmacological and phytochemical properties of this plant.
Ni-Bi-Zn ternary system investigation using diffusion couples technique
Authors: Gandova V.D.
Published: February 2016

An investigation of Ni-Bi-Zn system was performed using a diffusion couples
technique and the diffusion paths were constructed. For that purpose
diffusion couples consisting of solid Ni and liquid Bi-Zn phase were annealed
at 450?C. The phase and chemical compositions of the contact zone were
determined by scanning electron microscope. The diffusion layers found in the
Ni-Bi-Zn ternary system were Beta1, ?-Ni5Zn21 and liquid. No intermetallic
compounds in Bi-Ni binary phase diagram were observed.
Knowledge-based innovation and the city: The case of Belgrade
Authors: Ivanovic-Vojvodic Jelena , Stupar Aleksandra
Published: February 2016

The critical role of research in overall progress generates a pressing need
to study the relationship between a city and knowledge-based innovation. A
number of socio-economic and political processes influence the development of
contemporary cities by defining the beneficial balance between financial
ambitions, environmental awareness and sustainability. Consequently, the role
of innovation and knowledge has been emphasized as one of the crucial
generators of urban success. The most recent initiatives originating from
universities and research establishments stimulate the emergence of new
spatial formations and digital upgrading, thus setting up a fertile
environment for intellectual exchange and the production and diffusion of
knowledge and innovations. This article questions the historical, social and
technological implications of research on urban space. The focus is set on
the case of Belgrade and the newly proposed project of a university campus
with its evaluation based on the latest concepts related to the economy of
knowledge. This new type of knowledge-based innovation node is intended to
serve as a driver of Belgrade?s inclusion into the global network of
innovative cities. However, this initiative is still in the domain of
paper-architecture due to financial limitations and a change in development
priorities by the new government.
Dealing with Ebola virus disease in Spain: epidemiological inquiries received by the Department of Public Health Alerts, April to December 2014
Authors: Blaya-Nováková Vendula , Lópaz-Pérez María Ángeles , Méndez-Navas Isabel , Domínguez-Berjón María Felicitas , Astray-Mochales Jenaro ,   Working group of the Madrid Ebola outbreak investigation team
Published: February 2016

We describe the inquiries regarding Ebola virus disease (EVD) received by the Department of Public Health Alerts of the Community of Madrid between April and December 2014. A total of 242 inquiries were received. Consultations were initiated most frequently by hospital clinicians (59 inquiries, 24%), private citizens (57 inquiries, 24%) and primary care physicians (53 inquiries, 22%). The most frequent topic of inquiry was possible EVD in a patient (215 inquiries, 89%). Among these, 31 persons (14%) presented both EVD-compatible symptoms and epidemiological risk factors, and 11 persons (5%) fulfilled the criteria for a person under investigation. Recent travel abroad was reported in 96 persons (45%), but only 32 (15%) had travelled to an EVD-affected area. Two high-risk and one low-risk contact were identified through these inquiries. Low specificity of the EVD symptoms led to many difficulties in protocol application. Ineffective communication with healthcare professionals and unfamiliarity with the EVD protocols caused many case classification errors. A rapid consultation service by telephone is essential for providing qualified advice during emergencies. Our experience may help other countries dimension their activities and resources for managing similar exceptional outbreaks in the future.
Investigation of a staphylococcal food poisoning outbreak combining case–control, traditional typing and whole genome sequencing methods, Luxembourg, June 2014
Authors: Mossong Joël , Decruyenaere Frédéric , Moris Gilbert , Ragimbeau Catherine , Olinger Christophe M. , Johler Sophia , Perrin Monique , Hau Patrick , Weicherding Pierre
Published: February 2016

In June 2014, a staphylococcal food poisoning outbreak occurred at an international equine sports event in Luxembourg requiring the hospitalisation of 31 persons. We conducted a microbiological investigation of patients and buffet items, a case–control study and a carriage study of catering staff. Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from patients, food and catering staff were characterised and compared using traditional typing methods and whole genome sequencing. Genotypically identical strains (sequence type ST8, spa-type t024, MLVA-type 4698, enterotoxin A FRI100) were isolated in 10 patients, shiitake mushrooms, cured ham, and in three members of staff. The case–control study strongly suggested pasta salad with pesto as the vehicle of infection (p<0.001), but this food item could not be tested, because there were no leftovers. Additional enterotoxigenic strains genetically unrelated to the outbreak strain were found in four members of staff. Non-enterotoxigenic strains with livestock-associated sequence type ST398 were isolated from three food items and two members of staff. The main cause of the outbreak is likely to have been not maintaining the cold chain after food preparation. Whole genome sequencing resulted in phylogenetic clustering which concurred with traditional typing while simultaneously characterising virulence and resistance traits.
Sub-Saharan African migrants living with HIV acquired after migration, France, ANRS PARCOURS study, 2012 to 2013
Authors: Desgrées-du-Loû Annabel , Pannetier Julie , Ravalihasy Andrainolo , Gosselin Anne , Supervie Virginie , Panjo Henri , Bajos Nathalie , Lert France , Lydié Nathalie , Dray-Spira Rosemary ,   The Parcours Study Group5
Published: February 2016

We estimated the proportion of migrants from sub-Saharan Africa who acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) while living in France. Life-event and clinical information was collected in 2012 and 2013 from a random sample of HIV-infected outpatients born in sub-Saharan Africa and living in the Paris region. We assumed HIV infection in France if at least one of the following was fulfilled: (i) HIV diagnosis at least 11 years after arrival in France, (ii) at least one negative HIV test in France, (iii) sexual debut after arrival in France. Otherwise, time of HIV infection was based on statistical modelling of first CD4+ T-cell count; infection in France was assumed if more than 50% (median scenario) or more than 95% (conservative scenario) of modelled infection times occurred after migration. We estimated that 49% of 898 HIV-infected adults born in sub-Saharan Africa (95% confidence interval (CI): 45–53) in the median and 35% (95% CI: 31–39) in the conservative scenario acquired HIV while living in France. This proportion was higher in men than women (44% (95% CI: 37–51) vs 30% (95% CI: 25–35); conservative scenario) and increased with length of stay in France. These high proportions highlight the need for improved HIV policies targeting migrants.
Late presentation for HIV care across Europe: update from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) study, 2010 to 2013
Authors:   The late presenters working group in COHERE in EuroCoord
Published: February 2016

Late presentation (LP) for HIV care across Europe remains a significant issue. We provide a cross-European update from 34 countries on the prevalence and risk factors of LP for 2010–2013. People aged ≥ 16 presenting for HIV care (earliest of HIV-diagnosis, first clinic visit or cohort enrolment) after 1 January 2010 with available CD4 count within six months of presentation were included. LP was defined as presentation with a CD4 count < 350/mm3 or an AIDS defining event (at any CD4), in the six months following HIV diagnosis. Logistic regression investigated changes in LP over time. A total of 30,454 people were included. The median CD4 count at presentation was 368/mm3 (interquartile range (IQR) 193–555/mm3), with no change over time (p = 0.70). In 2010, 4,775/10,766 (47.5%) were LP whereas in 2013, 1,642/3,375 (48.7%) were LP (p = 0.63). LP was most common in central Europe (4,791/9,625, 49.8%), followed by northern (5,704/11,692; 48.8%), southern (3,550/7,760; 45.8%) and eastern Europe (541/1,377; 38.3%; p < 0.0001). There was a significant increase in LP in male and female people who inject drugs (PWID) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)/year later 1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.32), and a significant decline in LP in northern Europe (aOR/year later 0.89; 95% CI: 0.85–0.94). Further improvements in effective HIV testing strategies, with a focus on vulnerable groups, are required across the European continent.
Stratification of risk to the surgical team in removal of small arms ammunition implanted in the craniofacial region: case report
Authors: Forbes Jonathan A. , Laughlin Ian , Newberry Shane , Ryhn Michael , Pasley Jason , Newberry Travis
Published: February 2016

In cases of penetrating injury with implantation of small arms ammunition, it can often be difficult to tell the difference between simple ballistics and ballistics associated with unexploded ordnances (UXOs). In the operative environment, where highly flammable substances are often close to the surgical site, detonation of UXOs could have catastrophic consequences for both the patient and surgical team. There is a paucity of information in the literature regarding how to evaluate whether an implanted munition contains explosive material. This report describes a patient who presented during Operation Enduring Freedom with an implanted munition suspicious for a UXO and the subsequent workup organized by Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Company prior to surgical removal. Clinical risk factors for UXOs include assassination attempts and/or wartime settings. Specific radiological features suggestive of a UXO include projectile size greater than 7.62-mm caliber, alterations in density of the tip, as well as radiological evidence of a hollowed-out core. If an implanted UXO is suspected, risks to the surgical and anesthesia teams can be minimized by notifying the nearest military installation with EOD capabilities and following clinical practice guidelines set forth by the Joint Theater Trauma System.
Impact of Weather on Sigatoka Leaf Spot of Banana (Musa spp. L.) and its Ecofriendly Management
Authors: Khan M A H , Hossain I , Ahmad M U
Published: February 2016

A study was carried out during July 2010 to April 2012 to understand the effect of weather prevalence on sigatoka disease of banana suckers in different areas of Bangladesh and to develop an environment friendly disease management practice.  Four locations viz. Dinajpur, Bogra, Rangpur and Madhupur were surveyed. To find out suitable and ecofriendly management practices for  controlling sigatoka disease of banana, seven  treatments were used viz. i) Soil drenching with BAU- Biofungicide (2%), ii) BAU-Biofungicide as foliar spray (2%), iii) Soil drenching with BAU-Biofungicide (2%) plus foliar spray (2%), iv) Bavistin (carbendazim) spray (0.2%), v) Dithane M-45 (mancozeb) spray (0.2%), vi) Soil drenching with BAU-Biofungicide (2%) plus Bavistin spray (0.2%); and vii) control. The average highest incidence (26.42%) and severity (22.84%) of sigatoka disease of banana suckers were recorded during October at Bogra, while the lowest incidence (9.75 %) and severity (8.51%) were recorded during January at Dinajpur. Out of the control measures employed, BAU-Biofungicide (2%) either alone or in combination with Bavistin (0.2%) was found as an excellent biocontrol means for controlling sigatoka disease of banana suckers.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v13i2.26587The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 44-53
Effect of Conservation Tillage on Soil Chemical Properties in Rice-Maize Cropping System
Authors: Islam A K M Saiful , Saleque M A , Hossain M M , Islam A K M Aminul
Published: February 2016

Soil organic matter, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) nutrition of rice-maize cropping systems are important for sustaining crop productivity and food security. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of tillage practices and residue retention on soil chemical properties in rice-maize cropping system. Conventional tillage, single pass wet tillage in rice (rotated with zero tillage in maize), bed planting (unpuddled rice transplanting) and strip tillage (unpuddled rice transplanting) in vertical plots and residue retention (0, 50 and 100%) in horizontal plot were tested for three consecutive years (2009-12). Rice was grown as transplanted irrigated crop and maize as upland crop. After third crop, strip tillage increased soil organic matter compared to bed and zero tillage at 07.5 cm soil depth. After three years, retention of crop residues, irrespective of tillage treatments, increased soil organic matter (SOM) at 7.515.0 cm soil depth. Tillage practices (puddled or unpudled) showed no significant changes in SOM. Neither tillage nor residue management had any significant effect on soil pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v13i2.26589The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 62-73
Efficacy of Pheromone on Capturing Angoumois Grain Moth (Sitotroga Cerealella) in Stored Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Grain
Authors: Akter Tahmina , Ali Mohammed
Published: February 2016

An experiment on the efficacy of pheromone on capturing angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh, using rice variety BR11. Pheromone (X-lure) trap was used as a treatment and data were recorded at different days and distances. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. In case of total captured moth, the highest percentage (%) was recorded at 1st day (28.60%), whereas the lowest percentage (%) was recorded at 15th day (7.60%). It was also observed that with the increase of distance of pheromone trap, the % of captured moth was decreased. The pheromone X-lure was found useful only for monitoring S. cerealella (Olivier).The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 74-80
Plant Extract Regulating Pectate Lyase Production in Soft Rotting Bacterial Isolates
Authors: Nahar Nazmun , Haque Md. Manjurul , Khan Md. Abu Ashraf , Haque Md. Ashraful
Published: February 2016

Soft-rotting bacteria caused diseases by secreting the plant cell-wall-degrading enzymes mainly pectate lyase (Pel). In this study, a total of 20 bacterial strains were isolated from soft rotted fruits and vegetables. Among them, 11 isolates produced soft rot symptom on potato tubers. All these isolates were partially characterized. When these isolates were tested for their Pel production in different media, the isolate P1 produced significantly higher amount of Pel than other isolates in M63 glycerol minimal medium. Interestingly, the isolate P1 grown on M63 glycerol minimal medium supplementing with 0.4% of polygalacturonic acid (PGA) and M63 glycerol minimal medium plus 0.4% of PGA and 1% of various plant extracts, Pel production was induced in M63 glycerol minimal medium containing 0.4% of PGA and hyper-induced in M63 glycerol minimal medium plus 0.4% of PGA and 1% of various plant extracts. However, Pel synthesis was not hyper-induced in high concentrations of potato extract. Thus, not only plant extracts but also concentrations of plant extract may be important for hyper-induction of Pel.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 81-88
Genetic Diversity Analysis in Exotic Hybrid Rice Genotypes Grown During Wet Season in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed A , Shaon S G , Islam M S , Saha P S , Momin M A
Published: February 2016

Two experiments were conducted with 43 IRRI developed F1 hybrid rice genotypes  (HRDC) for ten agronomic characters in a randomized complete block design to study the genetic diversity through multivariate analysis in Gazipur and Pabna districts, respectively during wet season 2013. On the basis of D2 values, the genotypes were grouped into five different clusters. During wet season, cluster III comprised maximum number of genotypes (15). The data obtained across locations showed that there are significant differences among HRDC genotypes for all growth parameters, yield and yield components. The highest yield (5.65 t ha-1) was observed in HRDC 1341 because of produced heaviest panicle (4.28 g) and the lowest (2.48 t ha-1) in HRDC 1311 because of obtained lowest fertility (49.9 %) and 1000-grain wt. (12.9 g), respectively. The maximum inter-cluster distances were observed between cluster I and V (11.63) and the minimum between cluster III and IV (2.35). The highest intra-cluster distance (1.73) was observed in cluster III and minimum in cluster I (0.00), since it consisted with one genotype. Difference in cluster means existed for almost all the characters studied. Among the characters, growth duration, spikelet panicle-1, fertility (%) and 1000-grain wt contributed the most for divergence in the genotypes. The highest mean values for fertility percentage, panicle weight and 1000 grain wt. but early flowering and short maturing genotypes were grouped into Cluster II followed by Cluster III and IV indicating that the genotypes have genetic potentiality to contribute better for yield maximization of hybrid rice.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 89-96
Farmers Attitude Towards Using Agro-Chemicals in Rice Production: A Case in Laxmipur District of Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Shaikh Shamim , Ghosh Mithun Kumar , Arefin Md. Shamsul , Sultana Sabina
Published: February 2016

The study was conducted to determine the farmers attitude towards using agro-chemicals in rice field in Laxmipur district of Bangladesh. Data were collected from seventy farmers following simple random sampling technique, complied and interpreted as per objectives of the study. Most of the farmers were middle aged, had primary level of education with small farm size, medium extension media contact with an average family annual income of about 1350 USD. About 87% of the farmers had low to medium knowledge on use of agro-chemicals in rice cultivation. About 74% of the farmers had moderately favorable attitude towards using agro-chemicals. Family annual income, extension media contact and knowledge on agro-chemical were the most important factors that affect the attitude of the farmers towards using agro-chemicals in crop production. Therefore it is recommended that arrangement of need based training with more extension contact for the farmers will be helpful to improve the behavior of using agro-chemicals.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 105-112
Yield Potential of Twelve Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Varieties Grown from Different Generations of Seed
Authors: Hossain Shafayet , Rasul Golam , Mian M A Khaleque , Haque M Moynul , Akanda Abdul Mannan
Published: February 2016

An experiment was conducted at the research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur to determine the yield potential of twelve potato varieties for consecutive years during 2009-2011. The mean performance of varieties, generations and their interactions varied significantly. Field performance revealed that the plant height decreased in all the varieties Raja, Arinda, Patrones, Multa, Asterix, Granola, Felsina, Diamant, Cardinal, Provento, Ailsa and BARI TPS1 in the 4th  generation compared to 2nd  generation (Breeders Seed) except Raja and Arinda and it decreased compared to 3nd generation in Patrones and Felsina. The highest plant vigor was observed in Felsina and Asterix in the 1st generation, Patrones, Multa and Asterix in the 2nd generation and Raja and Granola in the 3rd generation. The highest number of stems per hill was produced by Patrones in all the three generations and the lowest was in Arinda in the 3rd generation. The highest number of hills per plot was recorded in Asterix and Granola and the lowest were in Ailsa and Raja. Higher tuber yield per hill was obtained from Ailsa, followed by Raja, Arinda and Felsina. Patrones produced higher number of tubers per plot in all the three generations while Ailsa produced the minimum which were followed by Felsina, Diamant, Raja and Arinda in all the generations. The yield of different varieties in the 2nd generation ranged from 11.94 t/ha (Ailsa) to 26.18 t/ha (Asterix) with an average yield of 19.06 t/ha. However, the highest yield was observed by Asterix followed by Granola, Arinda, Provento and Diamant in the 2nd generation.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 120-132
Dual solutions for radiative MHD forced convective flow of a nanofluid over a slendering stretching sheet in porous medium
Authors: Sulochana C. , Sandeep N.
Published: February 2016

In this study we analyzed the magnetohydrodynamic forced convective flow of a nanofluid over a slendering stretching sheet in porous medium in presence of thermal radiation and slip effects. We presented dual solutions for no-slip and Navier slip conditions. Using self similarity transformation, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations and solved numerically using bvp5c Matlab package. The effects of dimensionless governing parameters on velocity and temperature profiles of the flow are discussed with the help of graphs. Numerical computations are carried out and discussed for skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number. We found an excellent agreement of the present results with the existed results under some special conditions. Results indicate that the dual solutions exist only for certain range of velocity slip parameter. It is also found that the heat transfer performance is high in presence of velocity slip effect.
Vocational teachers taking the lead: VET teachers and the career services for teachers reform in Sweden
Authors: Alvunger Daniel
Published: February 2016

In 2013 the Swedish government launched a reform on career services for teachers that introduced first-teachers as a new category of teachers. Since this reform still is in the process of being rolled out, we know fairly little of its impact, especially concerning VET teachers that are appointed first-teachers. This paper explores and analyses two cases of VET first-teachers with focus on the implications on educational leadership practices in their work with school improvement where ‘distributed leadership’ is used as a lens for understanding the characteristic features of leader-ship practices. The results show that the VET first-teachers consider themselves to represent an important educational leadership being process leaders for creating a culture built on mutual trust, turning the focus of school improvement from a ‘top-down’ perspective to change ‘from below’. They become ‘brokers’ and a link between school management and their colleagues, even if there are some difficulties. Moreover they visualise different practices and foster a new awareness – concerning e.g. assessment and the relationship between school and work-place – that seem to influence collegial discourse.
Torrentialité en val d'Ariège : des catastrophes passées aux risques présents
Authors: Antoine Jean-Marc
Published: February 2016

La torrencialidad en el valle del Ariege : de las catástrofes del pasado a los riesgos de hoy. El estudio de la topografía, de la ocupación del espacio, y de los archivos disponibles evidencia la permanencia histórica de los riesgos que amenazan diversos conos de deyección, algunos ya en parte edificados, en el Valle del Ariege, entre Ax y Tarascón, riesgos que resultan de la recurrencia aleatoria de episodios torrenciales. Estos episodios, que suelen ocurrir desde la primavera hasta el otoño, no acompañan siempre aquellas crecidas del Ariege que pueden generar inundaciones. El hecho de que, en estas condiciones, son más difíciles de prever no disminuye la necesidad de precaverse contra los daños que pueden acarrear.
Conséquences de l'exploitation des granulats dans la Garonne
Authors: Beaudelin Pierre
Published: February 2016

The consequences of gravel extraction from the Garonne river bed. The mining of sands and gravels in the minor bed of the river have had very sensitive detrimental consequences over the past 30 years : the lowering of the water line and adjacent water table, the weakening of the banks, threats to bridges and the destruction of spawning ground. In order to check this evolution and at the same time meet the demand for gravel, which remains big, legislation has been created which aims to transfer gravel extraction to the main bed, the terraces and the areas of solid bed rock. The authorities are attempting to enforce this legislation.
Midi-Pyrénées : une économie en rupture
Authors: Alcouffe Alain , Morin François
Published: February 2016

Midi-Pyrénées : la ruptura de una economía. Durante los años 80, la economía de Midi-Pyrénées manifiesta cierto dinamismo. Pero fue creciendo el desfase económico entre la región y la aglomeración de Toulouse cuyo sistema de producción ha ido independizándose del de la región. La distribución de las empresas según el número de empleos opone algunos grandes establecimientos a una multitud de pequeños y hasta muy pequeños. Situación algo menos marcada en los últimos años del decenio. Precisamente, las pequeñas empresas fueron las que más empleos han creado mientras el empleo disminuía en las mayores.
Une télévision locale en panne d'image : «Télé­Toulouse»
Authors: Boure Robert
Published: February 2016

Lancée en avril 1988, TLT, première TV locale hertzienne de « plein exercice », peut-elle échapper à la disparition rapide ou à la marginalisation qui frappent en France la plupart des initiatives télévisuelles locales ? Est-elle en mesure de durer malgré les difficultés de financement et de réalisation professionnelle tout en étant capable de « mettre le local en images » ? En 1991, le bilan ne satisfait guère ses différents acteurs locaux (Ville de Toulouse, Département de la Haute-Garonne, La Dépêche du Midi et Banque Courtois notamment) et localisés {Compagnie générale des Eaux) impliqués dans l'opération, sans que l'on puisse pour autant conclure à un échec total. Par ailleurs, si le média remplit d'incontestables fonctions locales, il ne le fait qu'au prix d'un véritable détournement de sens, en tant que révélateur et agent de la recomposition de l'« espace urbain» toulousain et non comme « metteur en scène du local ».
United Kingdom Survey of Culture-Negative Peritonitis and Dialysate Sampling Practice
Authors: Odudu Aghogho , Turner Jake , Coomer Kirstine , Salmon Laura , Yazdani Farah , Leung Janson
Published: February 2016

Peritonitis is a major cause of technique failure in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and accurate diagnosis ensures successful management and avoids unnecessary antibiotic exposure. United Kingdom (UK) registry data on peritonitis rates are not routinely reported. We conducted an electronic survey amongst senior PD nurses and microbiologists to obtain information about PD effluent sampling and processing practices in the UK. The survey was completed by 53 of 79 centres (67% response rate). The median annual culture-negative rate was 15% (range 5 - 38%). The main findings were wide variation in reported sampling volumes and processing methods that may in part explain the variation in culture-negative rates. Adherence to guidelines might reduce culture-negative rates informed by reporting data into national registries.
First Report of Laribacter hongkongensis Peritonitis in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Woo Patrick C.Y. , Poon Rosana W.S. , Foo Chuen-Hing , To Kelvin K.W. , Lau Susanna K.P.
Published: February 2016

The most common pathogens associated with peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) are gram-positive bacteria, which constitute 60 – 80% of all isolates.

With the advancement of molecular technologies for bacterial identification, cases of CAPD-related peritonitis caused by bacteria previously not known to be associated with this clinical condition have been reported. Here we report the first case of CAPD-related peritonitis due to Laribacter hongkongensis.
Dialysis-Associated Telangiectasia: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Alamri Yassar , Tietjens James , Wakeman Christopher
Published: February 2016

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at an increased risk of bleeding. We report the case of a 40-year-old female, on peritoneal dialysis for ESRD, who presented with profound anemia; she was later found to have a bleeding jejunal dialysis-associated telangiectasia. We review the literature published to date on dialysis-associated telangiectasia and discuss the possible underling etiologies.
Novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns
Authors: Guatimosim E. , Schwartsburd P.B. , Barreto R.W. , Crous P.W.
Published: February 2016

The fern flora of the world (Pteridophyta) has direct evolutionary links with the earliest vascular plants that appeared in the late Devonian. Knowing the mycobiota associated to this group of plants is critical for a full understanding of the Fungi. Nevertheless, perhaps because
of the minor economic significance of ferns, this niche remains relatively neglected by mycologists. Cercosporoid fungi represent a large assemblage of fungi belonging to the Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae (Ascomycota) having cercospora-like asexual morphs.
They are well-known pathogens of many important crops, occurring on a wide host range. Here, the results of a taxonomic study of cercosporoid fungi collected on ferns in Brazil are presented. Specimens were obtained from most Brazilian regions and collected over a 7-yr period (2009–2015).
Forty-three isolates of cercosporoid and mycosphaerellalike species, collected from 18 host species, representing 201 localities, were studied. This resulted in a total of 21 frond-spotting taxa, which were identified based on morphology, ecology and sequence data of five genomic loci (actin,
calmodulin, ITS, LSU and partial translation elongation factor (1-α). One novel genus (Clypeosphaerella) and 15 novel species (Cercospora samambaiae, Clypeosphaerella sticheri, Neoceratosperma alsophilae, N. cyatheae, Paramycosphaerella blechni,
Pa. cyatheae, Pa. dicranopteridis-flexuosae, Pa. sticheri, Phaeophleospora pteridivora, Pseudocercospora brackenicola, Ps. paranaensis, Ps. serpocaulonicola, Ps. trichogena, Xenomycosphaerella diplazii and Zasmidium cyatheae)
are introduced. Furthermore, 11 new combinations (Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii, Neoceratosperma yunnanensis, Paramycosphaerella aerohyalinosporum, Pa. dicranopteridis, Pa. gleicheniae, Pa. irregularis, Pa. madeirensis, Pa. nabiacense,
Pa. parkii, Pa. pseudomarksii and Pa. vietnamensis) are proposed. Finally, nine new host associations are recorded for the following known fungal species: Cercospora coniogrammes, Cercospora sp. Q, Ps. abacopteridicola, Ps. lygodiicola and Ps.
thelypteridis.
THE CATERPILLAR PROJECT: A LARGE SUITE OF MILKY WAY SIZED HALOS
Authors: Griffen Brendan F. , Ji Alexander P. , Dooley Gregory A. , Gómez Facundo A. , Vogelsberger Mark , O’Shea Brian W. , Frebel Anna
Published: February 2016

We present the largest number of Milky Way sized dark matter halos simulated at very high mass (∼104

/particle) and temporal resolution (5 Myr/snapshot) done to date, quadrupling what is currently available in the literature. This initial suite consists of the first 24 halos of the Caterpillar Project whose project goal of 60–70 halos will be made public when complete. We do not bias our halo selection by the size of the Lagrangian volume. We resolve ∼20,000 gravitationally bound subhalos within the virial radius of each host halo. Improvements were made upon current state-of-the-art halo finders to better identify substructure at such high resolutions, and on average we recover ∼4 subhalos in each host halo above 108

which would have otherwise not been found. The density profiles of relaxed host halos are reasonably fit by Einasto profiles (α = 0.169 ± 0.023) with dependence on the assembly history of a given halo. Averaging over all halos, the substructure mass fraction is

, and mass function slope is dN/d

. We find concentration-dependent scatter in the normalizations at fixed halo mass. Our detailed contamination study of 264 low-resolution halos has resulted in unprecedentedly large high-resolution regions around our host halos for our fiducial resolution (sphere of radius

Mpc). This suite will allow detailed studies of low mass dwarf galaxies out to large galactocentric radii and the very first stellar systems at high redshift (z

15).
COLLISIONS OF CO2 ICE GRAINS IN PLANET FORMATION
Authors: Musiolik Grzegorz , Teiser Jens , Jankowski Tim , Wurm Gerhard
Published: February 2016

In protoplanetary disks, CO2 is solid ice beyond its snow line at

. Due to its high abundance, it contributes heavily to the collisional evolution in this region of the disk. For the first time, we carried out laboratory collision experiments with CO2 ice particles and a CO2-covered wall at a temperature of 80 K. Collision velocities varied between 0 and 2.5 m s−1. Particle sizes were on the order of ∼ 100 μm. We find a threshold velocity between the sticking and the bouncing regime at 0.04 m s−1. Particles with greater velocities, but below 1 m s−1, bounce off the wall. For yet greater velocities, fragmentation occurs. We give analytical models for the coefficients of restitution and fragmentation strength consistent with the experimental data. Set in context, our data show that CO2 ice and silicate dust resemble each other in the collisional behavior. Compared to water ice, the sticking velocity is an order of magnitude smaller. One immediate consequence as an example is that water-ice particles mantled by CO2 ice lose any “sticking advantage.” In this case, preferential planetesimal growth attributed to the sticking properties of water ice will be limited to the region between the H2O ice line and the CO2 ice line.
DUST AND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON IN THE PRE-TRANSITIONAL DISK AROUND HD 169142
Authors: Seok Ji Yeon , Li Aigen
Published: February 2016

The pre-transitional disk around the Herbig Ae star HD 169142 shows a complex structure of possible ongoing planet formation in dust thermal emission from the near-infrared (IR) to millimeter wavelength range. Also, a distinct set of broad emission features at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, 11.3, and

, commonly attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is detected prominently in the HD 169142 disk. We model the spectral energy distribution (SED) as well as the PAH emission features of the HD 169142 disk simultaneously with porous dust and astronomical-PAHs, taking into account the spatially resolved disk structure. Our porous dust model, consisting of three distinct components that are primarily concentrated in the inner ring, middle ring, and outer disk, provides an excellent fit to the entire SED, and the PAH model closely reproduces the observed PAH features. The accretion of ice mantles onto porous dust aggregates occurs between ∼16 and

, which overlaps with the spatial extent (∼

) of the observed PAH emission features. Finally, we discuss the role of PAHs in the formation of planets possibly taking place in the HD 169142 system.