bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A decision support system to schedule design activities with interdependency and resource constraints
Authors: Lizarralde Iban , Esquirol Patrick , Rivière Arnaud
Published: July 2011

Résumé Ce papier étudie les problèmes liés à la planification de projet au stade de conception du développement d’un avion civil. Un tel système de développement complexe se caractérise par un environnement dynamique et des incertitudes concernant la durée des activités. De plus, les équipes de conception en charge du développement d’un sous-système doivent gérer des interactions avec d’autres équipes. Nous décrivons une variante du modèle standard RCPSP (Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem ou problème de planification de projet avec contraintes de ressource ) avec des activités pleinement élastiques qui prennent en compte de nouvelles contraintes telles que les dépendances entre les équipes de conception elles-mêmes ( Contract Dependency Constraints ). En outre, nous détaillons le concept de contraintes liées aux priorités énergétiques (Energy-Precedence Constraints), qui est une nouvelle voie pour modéliser les priorités entre les activités dans un contexte de projet d’ingénierie concourrante. Nous proposons de modéliser notre problème en tant que problème de satisfaction de contraintes ou CSP (Constraint Satisfaction Problem). Mettre en œuvre ce modèle utilise un environnement de Programmation logique avec contraintes (Constraint Logic Programming environment). Notre approche est suffisamment flexible pour être mise en œuvre dans l’industrie aérospatiale en facilitant la coopération entre les équipes de conception et en offrant des plannings pratiques pour le processus d’aide à la décision à différents niveaux managériaux.
Une jalousie de rêve
Authors: Baldacci Chantal
Published: July 2011

Résumé Dans le texte étudié, Freud pense tirer de l’étude « intensive de deux paranoïaques quelque chose de nouveau ». Le nouveau serait que le rêve dans les deux cas, tantôt précurseur, tantôt substitut du délire, accueille « ce qui de la vie de veille était... repoussé ». Un moment passionnel dans la cure analytique d’une jeune femme permet de repérer les conditions qui influencent la répartition équilibrée de l’investissement entre réalité et rêve, veille et nuit, dehors et dedans et permettent au rêve de devenir un substitut du délire. Dans cette cure, un agir de contre-transfert participerait à la perlaboration onirique du transfert.
La jalousie
Authors: Chervet Bernard
Published: July 2011

Résumé La jalousie est un affect désagréable ayant valeur de condensation. Elle dissimule et convoque toute une constellation d’identifications instables et circulaires. Ce qui la spécifie, le sentiment de persécution, fait qu’elle est l’affect prototypique normal de la paranoïa. C’est ce qui la différencie de l’envie, de la convoitise, de l’avidité, de la possessivité. La jalousie s’accompagne d’un recours à des logiques antitraumatiques, d’une propension à la justifier et à l’objectiver par quelque scène tangible externe, trouvée, créée. C’est l’éprouvé du manque qui est à son fondement. L’objet visé est alors le désir de l’autre et le désir de l’autre de cet autre. La jalousie exprime donc le désir du désir, ce dernier étant censé pallier la tendance au disparaître. Elle nous rappelle que le manque est au cœur de la sexualité humaine.
Investissements narcissiques et projection dans la cure
Authors: Chervet Emmanuelle
Published: July 2011

Résumé La clinique évoquée au cours du colloque a montré que des investissements narcissiques intenses – jalousie, paranoïa, homosexualité – permettent dans la cure une approche projective de contenus de l’histoire inabordables. Ces mécanismes recoupent ceux de la répétition agie de transfert abordée en 1915, à travers divers objets rappelant ceux de l’article de 1922. Leur liaison au transfert par l’analyste permet secondairement leur élaboration dans le registre représentatif. L’accès à un fonctionnement en identité de pensée et le dégagement du registre spéculaire manifestent l’installation devenue possible d’un processus de cure classique.
Racisme, homosexualité et paranoïa
Authors: Diatkine Gilbert
Published: July 2011

Résumé La disposition commune au racisme et à la paranoïa pourrait être trouvée dans une régression à une position masochiste de soumission passive à un objet paternel terrifiant, soudé dans le fantasme à un objet maternel primaire que le sujet doit récupérer à n’importe quel prix. Cet objet maternel était un environnement contenant, qui assurait pour le sujet les fonctions de miroir, de Holding, de Handling et de présentation de l’objet. Cet environnement est parfois représenté par des personnes bien définies, comme j’ai tenté de le montrer dans les exemples de Goncourt et de Céline. Plus banalement, ce sont les milieux dans lesquels baigne notre vie quotidienne qui accomplissent silencieusement cette fonction.
La pensée incarnée : constitution du corps érogène
Authors: Jean-Strochlic Christine
Published: July 2011

Résumé L’évolution d’un processus analytique dévoile une carence dans la construction des auto-érotismes qui se rejoue dans l’élaboration des différents temps pulsionnels et, en particulier, le temps réflexif de la fonction du regard permettant ainsi la constitution d’un corps érogène.
Trame de la jalousie
Authors: Laffont Isabelle , Servant Benoît
Published: July 2011

Résumé Les auteurs proposent d’éclairer la compréhension de l’expérience jalouse par l’analyse d’une nouvelle de S. Zweig, La Peur . Celle-ci les amène à considérer la jalousie comme une tentative d’élaboration de la dimension traumatique et séductrice de la relation à autrui, elle-même consécutive à la défaillance de l’homosexualité primaire en double. Il y aurait une affinité particulière entre la fantasmatisation jalouse et l’écriture romanesque. Par analogie, le travail de l’analyste (tel qu’il est présenté à partir de la reprise des cas de C. Baldacci et de J. Press, ainsi que d’un cas personnel) consisterait à « tisser » des représentations, en même temps qu’à se laisser atteindre par le patient pour l’aider à exorciser sa crainte de l’objet. Il peut ainsi favoriser la réintrojection de l’expérience primitivement projetée.
Regards psychanalytiques sur la non-violence de Gandhi
Authors: Cervera-Marzal Manuel
Published: July 2011

Résumé Les sciences sociales « classiques » ne sont pas parvenues à fournir une réponse adéquate à la question des motifs ayant poussé Gandhi à opter pour la non-violence. La métapsychologie, en revanche, invite à l’hypothèse suivante : le Mahatma prônait la non-violence pour se défendre de l’agressivité des fils. Cette idée peut paraître fantaisiste. Elle est pourtant fondée sur de nombreuses congruences, parfois troublantes, entre la biographie de Gandhi et le mythe freudien du meurtre du père. Notre article vise, au fond, à montrer comment la science de l’inconscient, loin d’être applicable au seul domaine de l’individu, constitue un apport à la compréhension du fait social et historique.
De l'économie de guerre au secours philanthropique : care et les enjeux de l'aide américaine dans l'Europe de l'après-guerre
Authors: Farré Sébastien
Published: July 2011

Résumé Fondé en novembre 1945, le Committee for Assistance and Remittance for Europe ( care ) est exemplaire des enjeux et des problèmes des actions de secours de l’immédiat après-guerre. Cette agence issue de la tradition philanthropique américaine a comme principal objet l’envoi de colis alimentaires financés par des donateurs étasuniens en faveur de particuliers européens. Produit de la guerre totale, care réélabore des techniques de production et de mobilisation issue de l’économie de guerre. Le modèle care s’inscrit dans une économie de l’humanitaire pour s’imposer rapidement comme un instrument très apprécié d’une diplomatie de la compassion et du secours. D’une certaine manière, les colis estampillés care - usa privatisent des pratiques développées par l’armée en modifiant le rapport entre le donateur et les « victimes ».
Le rebours du spectaculaire
Authors: Gabriel-Loizeau Marie-Laure
Published: July 2011

Résumé Émile Gallé (1846-1904), artiste artisan et industriel nancéien s’exprime aussi bien par la terre, le verre que par le bois. Son œuvre et sa personnalité font de lui un ardent défenseur des arts décoratifs et de leur vocation sociale. Inscrit dans le mouvement de l’Art nouveau, de l’art pour tous et de l’unité de l’art, Émile Gallé, chef de file de l’École lorraine, s’emploie à trouver une voie et des desseins à l’art décoratif qu’il produit et défend. Il sait observer et retranscrire le spectacle de la nature en mouvement, son œuvre prenant racine dans cette observation. Ce sens du spectacle est le moteur même de son art. Par-delà l’attirance de l’œil pour la beauté plastique, une énigme capte l’attention du spectateur. L’acte de contemplation ne se réalise plus seulement du point de vue des sensations (visuelles, tactiles ou auditives), il est aussi intellectuel. Sous la main d’Émile Gallé, la nature devient un spectacle qu’il donne à voir à son public, utilisant le registre de l’émotion, de la sensation pour dialoguer avec lui. Cette forme de spectaculaire se construit à rebours de son acception première. Elle ne se fonde pas sur le monumental, le gigantisme ou la démesure. Au contraire, elle prend source dans la découverte de l’infiniment petit. Nous devons prendre le temps de pénétrer l’œuvre pour être happé. Parler de spectaculaire dans l’œuvre d’Émile Gallé, c’est s’attacher aux facteurs déclenchant l’émotion, tenter de comprendre l’expérience vécue par le spectateur et s’intéresser à la relation entre le créateur, mettant en scène son art, et le spectateur. Dès lors, le spectaculaire devient pour Émile Gallé un dispositif plastique, symbolique et conceptuel ayant pour pivot la lecture de son œuvre et servant à la fonction qu’il assigne à l’art, problématiques cristallisées dans la force du vase Pasteur .
L'articulation entre écrans et performance : autour des spectacles de Superamas, Gob Squad et Big Art Group
Authors: Chehilita Émilie
Published: July 2011

Résumé À travers les cas de trois groupes de performers , est questionné le potentiel critique des marges artistiques quant au spectaculaire dominant au sein de la culture médiatique. La méthode repose sur la description des dispositifs scéniques mis en place, suivie de leur analyse dramaturgique, de l’examen des intentions des acteurs ainsi que des effets voulus et, parfois, obtenus. Les spectacles sont décrits, les groupes situés dans le paysage théâtral européen et étasunien pour interroger ensuite leur rapport aux notions de performance, de théâtre expérimental et d’avant-garde. Les trois spectacles choisis – Empire de Superamas, SOS du Big Art Group et Super Night Shot de Gob Squad – rendent possible une construction hiérarchisée de certaines articulations entre les écrans et la scène : la scission nette entre écran et art vivant (Superamas), la « technique du Real-Time Film » (Big Art Group), qui entremêle intimement vidéo et performance, enfin la présence exclusivement « écranique » des comédiens (Gob Squad). De surcroît, le niveau de technicité modifie la réception : la recherche de la perfection technique (Superamas), le bricolage en direct (Big Art Group) ou en différé (Gob Squad). Ces techniques servent des objectifs différents, respectivement rendre le montage apparent, reproduire le spectaculaire jusqu’à saturation et jouer avec l’infra-spectaculaire, voire l’antispectaculaire. En tentant d’expliquer leur rapport à l’authenticité, idée qui sous-tend la critique du spectaculaire médiatique, l’article se conclut sur l’ambivalence de leur prise de position politique, se faisant finalement le reflet de la sphère médiatique dans son ensemble, entre écarts et retours à la norme, consensus et subversion.
Les lumières du stade
Authors: Granger Christophe
Published: July 2011

Résumé Dans la France d’entre-deux-guerres, le sport et tout spécialement le football prennent en charge une part du moderne appétit de spectaculaire qui tenaille si vivement le pays. Le ballon rond se fait spectacle, il attire désormais les foules ; et le jeu lui-même se complique de gestes et de tactiques ordonnés au souci de faire le spectacle . Pour expliquer cette métamorphose, on a coutume d’invoquer l’exploitation mercantile du jeu par les promoteurs et les médias. C’est se priver d’interroger les projections imaginaires dont le football s’est alors fait le lieu. Ce dernier s’affiche comme un art des situations spectaculaires : les « critiques » en codifient les règles ; les joueurs ont à en maîtriser les effets ; et les spectateurs, unis dans le tracé d’une figure nouvelle de la foule, si décisive en ces décennies, apprennent à l’apprécier comme tel. C’est cette spectacularisation du football, ou si l’on préfère l’avènement du spectaculaire comme catégorie d’organisation et de perception du jeu, qu’il s’agit de restituer ici. Outre qu’il informe sur la quête d’harmonie des regards qui obsède tant l’entre-deux-guerres, cet article entend éclairer l’historicité des pratiques de spectacle.
Dynamique cognitive et risques psychosociaux : isolement et sentiment d'isolement au travail
Authors: Marc Jacques , Grosjean Vincent , Marsella M. C.
Published: July 2011

Résumé L’article vise à poser les bases théoriques d’une approche de l’isolement professionnel considéré comme un risque psychosocial, pour examiner ensuite les difficultés théoriques pour approcher ce phénomène d’isolement. On distinguera d’une part le sentiment d’isolement, qui apparaît dès lors que le salarié estime ne pas pouvoir disposer de soutien en cas de difficulté, d’autre part le sentiment de solitude, lorsqu’un renoncement à chercher quelque soutien que ce soit apparaît. S’agissant de sentiment, le terme sera précisé : il renvoie à une émotion, à un vécu corporel signant une insatisfaction issue du rapport individu-milieu. Nous préciserons en quoi les émotions jouent un rôle régulant pour l’activité individuelle et collective, à l’instar des erreurs dans un autre cadre théorique. Cette approche sera illustrée dans le cadre d’une demande d’intervention d’une entreprise de transport urbain. La conclusion se concentrera sur les difficultés méthodologiques relatives aux questions touchant l’isolement professionnel et sur l’intérêt d’ouvrir la question des rps à aux approches utilisées en psychologie ergonomique.
PRECIPITATION CONTROL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTY OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE–COATED AZ31B ALLOY FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION
Authors: Wang Qiang , Tan Lili , Zhang Qiang , Qiu Jianhong , Yang Ke
Published: July 2011

Surface modification is believed to be an effective way to control the biodegradation rate of magnesium alloys and improve their biological properties. In the present work, a calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coating was prepared on the AZ31B magnesium alloy by a chemical deposition method to integrate the mechanical advantages of the magnesium substrate and the good bioactivity of the ceramic coating. It was shown that the coating was mainly composed of magnesium and calcium phosphates. Scanning electron microscope coupled with the energy dispersive spectrum analyses showed that rough and crystallined Ca-P coatings with different Ca/P ratios and thickness were formed on the alloy by variation of deposition time. The corrosion resistance of AZ31B alloy was significantly improved by the Ca-P coating. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test was used to illustrate the reaction process of Ca-P coating on the alloy. Upon the above results, Ca-P formation mechanism on the AZ31B alloy was proposed. The heterogeneous nucleation and growth of the calcium phosphate coating may be catalyzed by the anodic dissolution of the magnesium alloy substrate in the early stage of deposition, and the deposition coating is mainly composed of the magnesium phosphate. Then calcium phosphate deposition on the alloy becomes dominant with the increase of time. Tensile test in simulated body environment results showed that the time of fracture and ultimate tensile strength for the coated AZ31B Mg alloy were higher than those of the uncoated, which is beneficial in supporting fractured bone for a longer time.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OLIGOSACCHARIDE CHONDROITIN SULFATE C ON HUMAN ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES
Authors: Chen Wei-Chuan , Wei Yu-Hong , Huang Jui-Bin , Chu I-Ming , Yao Chao-Ling
Published: July 2011

Chondroitin sulfate C (CSC) is an important extracellular matrix (ECM) component of native cartilage tissue. Since ECM is considered to play an important role in guiding proper cellular functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, synthesis or degradation of ECM, in specific tissues, we would like to elucidate the effects of CSC on chondrocytes are cultured on type-II collagen (COL II) scaffolds in this study. In particular, we want to investigate if the oligosaccharides of CSC (O-CSC) have much stronger effects on the chondrocytes. In this in vitro study, human articular chondrocytes were cultured on porous scaffolds made of COL II, cross-linked by genipin. Media containing different molecular weights of CSC were used to cultivate the cells. The results were examined mainly from the gene expression profiles of the cultured cells. The expression levels of several genes were examined by real-time PCR. These included genes of COL II, aggrecan, SRY-related high mobility group-box gene 9 (SOX9) and cartilage oligo matrix protein (COMP), alkaine phosphtase (ALP), a disintegrin and metalloproteinases with thrombospondin motifs 4 (ADAMTS-4), a disintegrin and metalloproteinases with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5), matrix metalloproteinases 3 (MMP-3) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3). The results suggested that O-CSC is more potent in upregulating genes that promote chondrogenesis and downregulating genes that degrade cartilage ECM. The results suggest low-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycans may have therapeutic values in osteoarthritis treatment and may lead to further understanding of the basic mechanism of the interactions between the chondrocytes and their ECM.
The Role of Standardized Protocols in Unplanned Extubations in a Medical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Jarachovic Mary , Mason Maggie , Kerber Kathleen , McNett Molly
Published: July 2011

Background

Many patients admitted to medical intensive care units require mechanical ventilation to assist with respiratory management. Unplanned extubations of these patients are associated with poor outcomes for patients and organizations. No previous research has investigated the role of standardized protocols in unplanned extubations when examined in conjunction with traditional risk factors.

Objective

To identify risk factors associated with unplanned extubation among patients receiving mechanical ventilation and determine degree of compliance with pain, sedation, and weaning protocols.

Methods

A prospective cohort study design was used. Data on all patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit who required mechanical ventilation were gathered daily. Additional data were gathered on those patients who experienced unplanned extubation. Descriptive, correlational, and regression analyses were performed.

Results

Weaning protocols were a significant predictor of unplanned extubation: patients who had weaning protocols ordered and followed were least likely to experience unplanned extubation. Only 10% of the 190 patients in the study required reintubation, resulting in a significantly shorter ventilation time and unit length of stay among the unplanned extubation group.

Conclusions

Weaning protocols were associated with decreased incidence of unplanned extubation. Use of standardized protocols was feasible, as compliance among health care providers was high when protocols were medically prescribed. The reintubation rate in this study was low and associated with a significantly shorter ventilatory period and unit length of stay in the unplanned extubation group.
Accidental Intraventricular Administration of Phenytoin Through an External Ventricular Drain: Case Report
Authors: McConnell Paul , MacNeil Catriona
Published: July 2011

A 52-year-old man with an external ventricular drain was transferred from the local neurosurgical intensive care unit to the general intensive care unit for renal replacement therapy. While the patient was in the general intensive care unit, phenytoin was accidentally administered via the external ventricular drain. Tachycardia and hypertension ensued and then seizure activity. The drain was aspirated and then washed out. Propofol was infused for 24 hours and then was stopped to allow continuing neurological assessment. The route of administration of phenytoin was changed from intravenous to oral, and care continued as before. After resolution of the renal failure, the patient was returned to the neurological intensive care unit. He recovered slowly and had no adverse effects due to the error in administration of phenytoin.
Awareness and Reported Consequences of a Cigarette Tax Increase among Older Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Choi T. C. Kelvin , Toomey Traci L. , Chen Vincent , Forster Jean L.
Published: July 2011

Purpose:

To determine the prevalence and predictors of the awareness of cigarette price increases following a cigarette tax increase, and assess the association of the tax increase and attempts to quit and reduce smoking among adolescents and young adults.

Design:

We used a prospective cohort design.

Setting:

Surveys were conducted in Minnesota before and after a $0.75 cigarette tax increase

Subjects:

We surveyed 3167 adolescents and young adults, including a subsample of 781 past–30-day smokers.

Measures:

Outcome measures were awareness of cigarette price increases and, among past–30-day smokers, reported changes in smoking behaviors because of the tax increase. Predictors included demographics, social factors, and prior smoking behaviors.

Analysis:

We estimated the prevalence of the outcomes and their associations with the predictors using logistic regression.

Results:

Among all participants, 42% noticed an increase in cigarette prices after the tax increase, including 76% of past–30-day smokers. Being a heavier smoker, living with smokers, having more smoking close friends, and generally being aware of cigarette price changes prospectively predicted the awareness of the price increase after the tax increase. Among past–30-day smokers, 16.7% reported quit attempts and 24.1% reported reducing smoking because of the tax increase.

Conclusion:

Because fewer than half of the participants noticed the cigarette tax increase, media campaigns to raise awareness of tax changes may increase their effectiveness.
Physical Activity in the Context of Clustering Patterns of Health-Promoting Behaviors
Authors: Tsuboi Satoshi , Hayakawa Takehito , Kanda Hideyuki , Fukushima Tetsuhito
Published: July 2011

Purpose.

To describe differences in physical activity in the context of clustering patterns of health-promoting behaviors.

Design.

A cross-sectional study with 1724 participants (response rate, 91.1%).

Setting.

Tadami Town, in a rural area of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.

Subjects.

Part of the general population who participated in annual health checkups (age range, 30–93 years).

Measures.

The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II was used to assess frequency of health-promoting behaviors (physical activity, health responsibility, spiritual growth, interpersonal relationships, nutrition, and stress management). Smoking status, alcohol consumption, and disease status were self-reported. Public health nurses measured the weight and height of participants.

Analysis.

Cluster analysis was conducted to identify clustering patterns of health-promoting behaviors other than physical activity. Differences in physical activity between identified clusters were examined by multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results.

Four clusters were identified and labeled as “Most challenged” (20.4%), “Adherence to norms” (30.3%), “Well in mentality” (20.9%), and “Health-promoting” (28.4%). “Health-promoting” was the most physically active cluster, followed by “Adherence to norms” and “Well in mentality.”

Conclusions.

Although the survey methodology was subject to selection, self-report, and recall biases, we have described physical activity in the context of clustering patterns of health-promoting behaviors. Laying the groundwork for physical activity in the lifestyle is important for establishing health-promotion strategies to increase physical activity.
Food-Related Environmental, Behavioral, and Personal Factors Associated with Body Mass Index among Urban, Low-Income African-American, American Indian, and Caucasian Women
Authors: Dammann Kristen Wiig , Smith Chery
Published: July 2011

Purpose.

To examine racial/ethnic differences in relationships between food-related environmental, behavioral and personal factors and low-income women's weight status using Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) as a framework.

Design.

Cross-sectional survey.

Setting.

Community sites and low-income housing developments in the Twin Cities metropolitan area.

Subjects.

Low-income African-American, American Indian, and Caucasian women ≥ 18 years old (n = 367).

Measures.

Participants completed a survey including demographic, food security, and theoretically based questions. Heights and weights were measured to determine body mass index (BAI).

Analysis.

Data were split by race/ethnicity and reduced by examining Pearson coefficients for SCT survey questions significantly correlated with BMI (p < .05). Separate environmental, behavioral, and personal multiple linear regression models for each racial/ethnic group were run to explore the proportion of variance in BMI explained by each SCT construct and which questions were significant predictors.

Results.

All regression models were statistically significant, although the personal regression models predicted the greatest proportion of the variance in BMI for African-American (15% of the variance), American Indian (22% of the variance), and Caucasian women (37% of the variance).

Conclusion.

Effective nutrition education and intervention efforts to control the obesity epidemic among urban, low-income women may call for a tailored approach with noted consideration of their racial/ethnic identity. Although broader changes to the food environment are necessary, the importance of addressing personal factors such as nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, and emotional coping responses to stress, in the context of income constraints, food insecurity, and health beliefs, is also implicated.
Arquivos Públicos Brasileiros: Análise da evolução da transferência da informação arquivística na internet
Authors: Mariz Anna Carla Almeida
Published: July 2011

Estudo da evolução da inserção das Instituições Arquivísticas Públicas Brasileiras na internet e dos processos de transferência da informação arquivística nessa rede. A primeira etapa da pesquisa, em 2004, teve como marco empírico o universo existente dos sites de Instituições Arquivísticas Públicas Brasileiras. Na segunda fase, em 2009, foi atualizado o universo para análise e investigados os sites, tendo como parâmetros os mesmos critérios da etapa anterior: serviços que disponibilizam, nível de relacionamento com o usuário, que tipo de consulta pode ser feita ao acervo e elementos relativos aos conteúdos, desenho e estrutura dos sites. A importância deste estudo comparativo está em verificar as mudanças que ocorreram neste intervalo, se houve crescimento, avanços e quais foram. O site de uma instituição arquivística oferece serviços já existentes no local, total ou parcialmente, além de sugerir novas possibilidades às instituições arquivísticas. Este espaço informacional exige ações voltadas para atender às demandas produzidas pelos usuários da rede. A inserção dos acervos arquivísticos na Internet implica em novos desafios na gestão desta informação.
A organização da informação arquivística em arquivos de arquitetura do núcleo de pesquisa e documentação da faculdade de arquitetura e urbanismo – UFRJ
Authors: Viana Claudio Muniz
Published: July 2011

Esse artigo analisa a aplicação de técnicas e metodologias arquivísticas no tratamento de arquivos de arquitetura custodiados pelo Núcleo de Pesquisa e Documentação da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Aponta as reflexões teóricas e iniciativas da comunidade arquivística nacional e internacional em torno dos conceitos e especificidades dos arquivos de arquitetura. A partir da perspectiva da arquivologia, e levando em conta as peculiaridades dos documentos arquivísticos originários das funções exercidas pelo arquiteto, enfoca problemas e dificuldades na realização da organização e recuperação de informação. Discute a aplicação dos princípios arquivísticos de respeito à ordem original e proveniência em arquivos de arquitetura.
Glossário multilíngue do Projeto InterPARES 3
Authors: Rocha Claudia Lacombe
Published: July 2011

O Projeto InterPARES (International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems) é uma pesquisa colaborativa internacional que tem um caráter multidisciplinar e envolve pesquisadores de vários países. Como um dos produtos que resultaram da segunda fase do projeto, foi apresentada uma base de dados com dois instrumentos terminológicos principais: glossário e dicionário. Os termos do glossário e suas definições são essenciais para facilitar a comunicação entre os pesquisadores e apoiar a disseminação da teoria e metodologia do InterPARES. Neste sentido, os pesquisadores do InterPARES 3 estão traduzindo o glossário para as línguas de seus países e, neste trabalho, diversos desafios têm sido enfrentados.
ClOOCl photolysis at high solar zenith angles: analysis of the RECONCILE self-match flight
Authors: Sumińska-Ebersoldt O. , Lehmann R. , Wegner T. , Grooß{} J.-U. , Hösen E. , Weigel R. , Volk C. M. , Borrmann S. , Rex M. , Stroh F. , von Hobe M.
Published: July 2011

Abstract. The photolysis frequency of dichlorine peroxide (ClOOCl) JClOOCl is a critical parameter in catalytic cycles destroying ozone in the polar stratosphere. In the atmospherically relevant wavelength region, published laboratory measurements of ClOOCl absorption cross sections and spectra are not in good agreement, resulting in significant discrepancies in JClOOCl. Previous investigations of the consistency with atmospheric observations of ClO and ClOOCl have focused on the photochemical equilibrium between ClOOCl formation and photolysis, and thus could only constrain the ratio of JClOOCl over the rate constant of the ClO recombination reaction krec. Here, we constrain the atmospherically effective JClOOCl independent of krec using ClO data sampled in the same air masses before and directly after sunrise. Over sunrise, when the ClO/ClOOCl system comes out of thermal equilibrium and the influence of the ClO recombination reaction is negligible, the rise in ClO concentration is significantly faster than expected from JClOOCl based on the absorption spectrum proposed by Pope et al. (2007), but does not warrant cross sections larger than recently published values by Papanastasiou et al. (2009). In particular, the existence of a significant ClOOCl absorption band longwards of 420 nm, is effectively ruled out by our observations. Additionally, the night-time ClO observations show that the ClO/ClOOCl thermal equilibrium constant can not be significantly higher than the one proposed by Plenge et al. (2005).
On the segregation of chemical species in a clear boundary layer over heterogeneous land surfaces
Authors: Ouwersloot H. G. , Vilà-Guerau de Arellano J. , van Heerwaarden C. C. , Ganzeveld L. N. , Krol M. C. , Lelieveld J.
Published: July 2011

Abstract. We have systematically studied the inability of boundary layer turbulence to efficiently mix reactive species. This creates regions where the species are accumulated in a correlated or anti-correlated way, thereby modifying the mean reactivity. Here, we quantify this modification by the intensity of segregation, IS, and analyse the driving mechanisms: heterogeneity of the surface moisture and heat fluxes, various background wind patterns and non-uniform isoprene emissions. For typical conditions in the Amazon rain forest, applying homogeneous surface forcings, the isoprene-OH reaction rate is altered by less than 10 %. This is substantially smaller than the previously assumed IS of 50 % in recent large-scale model analyses of tropical rain forest chemistry. Spatial heterogeneous surface emissions enhance the segregation of species, leading to alterations of the chemical reaction rates of up to 20 %. For these cases, spatial segregation is induced by heterogeneities of the surface properties: a cool and wet forested patch characterized by high isoprene emissions is alternated with a warm and dry patch that represents pasture with relatively low isoprene emissions. The intensities of segregation are enhanced when the background wind direction is parallel to the borders between the patches and reduced in case of a perpendicular wind direction. The effects of segregation on trace gas concentrations vary per species. For the highly reactive OH, the differences in concentration averaged over the boundary layer are less than 2 % compared to homogeneous surface conditions, while the isoprene concentration is increased by as much as 12 % due to the reduced chemical reaction rates. These processes take place at the sub-grid scale of chemistry transport models and therefore need to be parameterized.
Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP): experimental design and boundary conditions (Experiment 2)
Authors: Haywood A. M. , Dowsett H. J. , Robinson M. M. , Stoll D. K. , Dolan A. M. , Lunt D. J. , Otto-Bliesner B. , Chandler M. A.
Published: July 2011

Abstract. The Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project has expanded to include a model intercomparison for the mid-Pliocene warm period (3.29 to 2.97 million yr ago). This project is referred to as PlioMIP (the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project). Two experiments have been agreed upon and together compose the initial phase of PlioMIP. The first (Experiment 1) is being performed with atmosphere-only climate models. The second (Experiment 2) utilises fully coupled ocean-atmosphere climate models. Following on from the publication of the experimental design and boundary conditions for Experiment 1 in Geoscientific Model Development, this paper provides the necessary description of differences and/or additions to the experimental design for Experiment 2.
Diseño de un codificador y decodificador digital Reed-Solomon usando programación en VHDL
Authors: Cecilia Sandoval Cecilia
Published: July 2011

En este artículo se presenta un procedimiento práctico para el diseño de un codificador/decodificador Reed-Solomon a través de la descripción funcional usando lenguaje descriptor de hardware (VHDL) con la herramienta de programación Xilinx ISE 9.2i. Este trabajo propone un diseño que usa los beneficios que presenta la programación VHDL, su característica de modularidad, y la estrategia de seccionar el diseño en componentes menos complejos para facilitar el proceso. Además, se detalla la metodología del diseño del decodificador a través de procesamiento paralelo. Para la validación del comportamiento del codificador/decodificador, se realizaron simulaciones con el programa ModelSim XE 5.7c.Palabras claves: codificador Reed-Solomon; diseño de hardware; VHDL
Comportamiento de las capas deformadas por rodadura en los equipos de laboreo minero
Authors: Alcántara Dayanis , Fernández T. , Rodríguez I.
Published: July 2011

En este trabajo se estudió el comportamiento de las capas deformadas por el desgaste en los pasadores de esteras enlos equipos de laboreo minero. Los datos experimentales se obtuvieron utilizando pasadores desgastados y deformes. Las muestras se cortaron bajo refrigeración constante para evitar cambio en su estructura. Para el análisis de la composición química se utilizó un espectrómetro cuántico. Además, se empleó el método de microscopía óptica para analizar el efecto del endurecimiento por deformación utilizando los perfiles de microdureza. Se encontró que los pasadores tiene una composición química de un acero tipo AISI 1045. Además, se determinó que poseen una microestructura martensítica, la cuál disminuye debido a la deformación por el efecto de la rodadura.Palabras claves: deformación; desgaste; endurecimiento; estructura; pasadores
Filtros digitales de tangente hiperbólica aplicados al alisado de las perturbaciones en los datos de resistividad de fosfato de Marruecos
Authors: Bakkali Saad , Amrani Mahacine
Published: July 2011

Es posible diseñar filtros pasa bajos y pasa bandas por medio de una combinación de funciones tangente hiperbólica en el dominio de la frecuencia, usando los teoremas de escalamiento y deslizamiento de las transformadas de Fourier. Las funciones de filtro correspondientes en el dominio del tiempo pueden ser derivadas analíticamente a partir de las expresiones en el dominio de la frecuencia. Los parámetros de suavidad controlan las pendientes en las regiones de corte y permiten la construcción de filtros relativamente pequeños al mismo tiempo que reducen las oscilaciones de la respuesta del filtro en el dominio del tiempo. Se pueden elegir diferentes parámetros de suavidad para las frecuencias de corte alta y baja en el diseño de filtros pasa banda. Siguiendo el esquema propuesto en este artículo se pueden derivar fácilmente los otros tipos de filtro.Palabras claves: filtro digital; fosfato; hiperbólico; Marruecos; resistividad
Diastereoselective and Highly Enantioselective Henry Reactions using C1‐Symmetrical Copper(II) Complexes
Authors: Chougnet Antoinette , Zhang Guoqi , Liu Kegang , Häussinger Daniel , Kägi Andreas , Allmendinger Thomas , Woggon Wolf‐D.
Published: July 2011

Catalytic Henry reactions of aliphatic aldehydes and prochiral nitro compounds were investigated using copper(II) complexes of 14 C1‐symmetrical ligands derived from (1R,2R)(−)‐diaminocyclohexane. β‐Nitro alcohols with syn:anti ratios of up to 5.7 and excellent ee values for both diastereosimers were obtained.
Abschied vom HSAB‐Modell ambidenter Reaktivität
Authors: Mayr Herbert , Breugst Martin , Ofial Armin R.
Published: July 2011

Das Konzept harter und weicher Säuren und Basen (HSAB) erwies sich als nützlich, um die Stabilitätskonstanten von Metallkomplexen zu erklären. Seine Anwendung auf organische Reaktionen, insbesondere zur Deutung ambidenter Reaktivität, hat jedoch exotische Blüten hervorgebracht. Beim Versuch, alle beobachteten Regioselektivitäten durch günstige Weich‐weich‐ und Hart‐hart‐Wechselwirkungen sowie durch ungünstige Hart‐weich‐Wechselwirkungen zu erklären, wurden frühere Deutungen ambidenter Reaktivität ersetzt, die korrekt zwischen thermodynamischer und kinetischer Kontrolle sowie zwischen unterschiedlichen Koordinationsweisen ionischer Substrate unterschieden haben. Durch Nichtbeachtung widersprechender experimenteller Befunde und sogar Bezug auf nicht auffindbare experimentelle Daten erhielt die HSAB‐Behandlung ambidenter Reaktivität unverdiente Popularität. In diesem Aufsatz zeigen wir, dass das HSAB‐Konzept, wie auch das damit verwandte Klopman‐Salem‐Modell, nicht einmal das Verhalten der Prototypen ambidenter Nucleophile richtig beschreibt, sodass es eher irreführend denn ein nützlicher Wegweiser ist. Eine alternative Behandlung ambidenter Reaktivität auf der Basis der Marcus‐Theorie wird vorgestellt.
Farewell to the HSAB Treatment of Ambident Reactivity
Authors: Mayr Herbert , Breugst Martin , Ofial Armin R.
Published: July 2011

The concept of hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) proved to be useful for rationalizing stability constants of metal complexes. Its application to organic reactions, particularly ambident reactivity, has led to exotic blossoms. By attempting to rationalize all the observed regioselectivities by favorable soft–soft and hard–hard as well as unfavorable hard–soft interactions, older treatments of ambident reactivity, which correctly differentiated between thermodynamic and kinetic control as well as between different coordination states of ionic substrates, have been replaced. By ignoring conflicting experimental results and even referring to untraceable experimental data, the HSAB treatment of ambident reactivity has gained undeserved popularity. In this Review we demonstrate that the HSAB as well as the related Klopman–Salem model do not even correctly predict the behavior of the prototypes of ambident nucleophiles and, therefore, are rather misleading instead of useful guides. An alternative treatment of ambident reactivity based on Marcus theory will be presented.
Gold α‐Oxo Carbenoids in Catalysis: Catalytic Oxygen‐Atom Transfer to Alkynes
Authors: Xiao Jian , Li Xingwei
Published: July 2011

An overview of reactive gold α‐oxo carbenoid intermediates in the gold‐catalyzed functionalization of alkynes is presented. Such intermediates can be generated from inter‐ and intramolecular oxidation of alkynes by nucleophilic oxygen‐atom donor groups, such as amine N‐oxides, pyridine N‐oxides, nitrones, nitro compounds, sulfoxides, and epoxides. These O‐atom transfer processes occur by gold‐mediated addition–elimination reactions. In catalytic systems, α‐oxo carbenoids can undergo nucleophilic attack by imine, arene, and migrating hydride as well as alkyl groups, leading to cascade reactions and the construction of new skeletons. The facile construction of CE (E=C, N, S, or O) bonds makes it an attractive step‐economic approach to value‐added molecules from readily available starting materials. The scope, mechanisms, and reactivity of such α‐oxo carbenoid species are discussed. The remarkable diversity of structures accessible is demonstrated with various recent examples.
Robust H∞ control of Markovian jump systems with uncertain switching probabilities
Authors: Wang Guoliang , Zhang Qingling
Published: July 2011

This paper is concerned with the robust H∞ control problem for a class of Markovian jump systems with uncertain switching probabilities, whose uncertainties are assumed to be elementwise bounded. First, new criterion of H∞ performance for such uncertain systems is given. Then, new sufficient condition for H∞ controller is established as strict linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Stabilization strategy for unstable first order linear systems with large time‐delay
Authors: Márquez‐Rubio J. F. , del Muro‐Cuéllar B. , Velasco‐Villa M. , Álvarez‐Ramírez J.
Published: July 2011

This work considers the problem of stabilization of a class of unstable first order linear systems subject to a large input‐output time delay. Necessary and sufficient conditions are stated to guarantee the stability of the closed loop delayed system by means of a compensation scheme based on two static gains and an induced delay term. The proof of the main result is derived by considering a discrete time approach that, under adequate assumptions, allows to conclude the stability condition for the continuous time case.

Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Robust stabilization for discrete‐time nonlinear singular systems with mixed time delays
Authors: Li Jianning , Su Hongye , Wu Zhengguang , Chu Jian
Published: July 2011

This paper investigates the robust stability of discrete‐time singular systems involving nonlinear disturbance and mixed time delays. The mixed time delays are comprised of both discrete and distributed delays. The interval of discrete time delays can be divided into several subintervals, firstly. Then, in terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI), a suitable state feedback controller is designed for discrete‐time singular systems with nonlinear disturbance and mixed time delays, and the overall closed‐loop system is regular, causal and mean square asymptotically stable. Numerical examples are provided to show the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed methods, and the results derived from our approaches are less conservative than existing ones.

Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Multi‐objective H2/L2 performance controller synthesis for LPV systems
Authors: Xie Wei
Published: July 2011

This paper provides a kind of new matrix inequalities formulation for multi‐objective H2/L2 performance controller synthesis of linear parameter varying systems. These new matrix inequalities enable us to parameterize controllers without involving the Lyapunov variables in the formulation. Taking advantage of this feature, we can readily design multiobjective controllers with non‐common parameter‐dependent Lyapunov variables and two adjustable scalars. Furthermore, to obtain possibly lower values of performance criteria, a linear matrix inequalities (LMI)‐based optimal problem is solved by using the grid of the space that is combined with these two scalars. Finally, a numerical example is included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF AN OBSERVATION SYSTEM FOR RECORDING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN CHILDREN
Authors: Larson Tracy A. , Normand Matthew P. , Hustyi Kristin M.
Published: July 2011

Although mechanical means of measuring physical activity are available, they cannot provide information about the context in which such activity occurs. Therefore, direct‐observation systems remain essential tools for studying physical activity. The Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children (OSRAC) is a direct‐observation system for recording physical activity and associated environmental variables. We evaluated the concurrent validity of the OSRAC physical activity codes with two types of mechanical measures of physical activity: pedometers and heart‐rate monitors. The results indicate that heart rates and step totals generally covaried with the OSRAC activity‐level codes, suggesting that these codes are valid measures of physical activity in preschool children. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scale‐down of penicillin production in Penicillium chrysogenum
Authors: de Jonge Lodewijk P. , Buijs Nicolaas A. A. , ten Pierick Angela , Deshmukh Amit , Zhao Zheng , Kiel Jan A. K. W. , Heijnen Joseph J. , van Gulik Walter M.
Published: July 2011

In large‐scale production reactors the combination of high broth viscosity and large broth volume leads to insufficient liquid‐phase mixing, resulting in gradients in, for example, the concentrations of substrate and oxygen. This often leads to differences in productivity of the full‐scale process compared with laboratory scale. In this scale‐down study of penicillin production, the influence of substrate gradients on process performance and cell physiology was investigated by imposing an intermittent feeding regime on a laboratory‐scale culture of a high yielding strain of Penicillium chrysogenum. It was found that penicillin production was reduced by a factor of two in the intermittently fed cultures relative to constant feed cultivations fed with the same amount of glucose per hour, while the biomass yield was the same. Measurement of the levels of the intermediates of the penicillin biosynthesis pathway, along with the enzyme levels, suggested that the reduction of the flux through the penicillin pathway is mainly the result of a lower influx into the pathway, possibly due to inhibitory levels of adenosine monophosphate and pyrophosphate and lower activating levels of adenosine triphosphate during the zero‐substrate phase of each cycle of intermittent feeding.