bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current evidence regarding alternative techniques for enterocystoplasty using regenerative medicine methods: a systematic review
Authors: Arabzadeh Bahri Razman , Peisepar Maral , Maleki Saba , Esmaeilpur Abianeh Fatemeh , A. Basti Fatemeh , Kolahdooz Ali
Published: March 2024

Enterocystoplasty is the most commonly used treatment for bladder reconstruction. However, it has some major complications. In this study, we systematically reviewed the alternative techniques for enterocystoplasty using different scaffolds. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, and a total of 10 studies were included in this study. Five different scaffolds were evaluated, including small intestinal submucosa (SIS), biodegradable scaffolds seeded with autologous bladder muscle and urothelial cells, dura mater, human cadaveric bladder acellular matrix graft, and bovine pericardium. The overall results revealed that bladder reconstruction using regenerative medicine is an excellent alternative method to enterocystoplasty regarding the improvement of bladder capacity, bladder compliance, and maximum detrusor pressure; however, more large-scale studies are required.
Dropout in online higher education: a systematic literature review
Authors: Rahmani Amir Mohammad , Groot Wim , Rahmani Hamed
Published: March 2024

The increased availability of technology in higher education has led to the growth of online learning platforms. However, a significant concern exists regarding dropout rates in online higher education (OHE). In this ever-evolving landscape, student attrition poses a complex challenge that demands careful investigation. This systematic literature review presents a comprehensive analysis of the literature to uncover the reasons behind dropout rates in virtual learning environments. Following the PRISMA guidelines, this study systematically identifies and elucidates the risk factors associated with dropout in online higher education. The selection process encompassed articles published between 2013 and June 2023, resulting in the inclusion of 110 relevant articles that significantly contribute to the discourse in this field. We examine demographic, course-related, technology-related, motivational, and support-related aspects that shape students’ decisions in online learning programs. The review highlights key contributors to dropout like the quality of the course, academic preparation, student satisfaction, learner motivation, system attributes, and support services. Conversely, health concerns, financial limitations, technological issues, screen fatigue, isolation, and academic workload, emerge as significant limitations reported by online learners. These insights offer a holistic understanding of dropout dynamics, guiding the development of targeted interventions and strategies to enhance the quality and effectiveness of online education.
Quantification of tRNA m1A modification by templated-ligation qPCR
Authors: Zhang Wen , Chen Hankui , Sobczyk Marek , Krochmal Daniel , Katanski Christopher D. , Assari Mahdi , Chen Amy , Hou Yichen , Dai Qing , Pan Tao
Published: March 2024

N1-methyladenosine (m1A) is a widespread modification in all eukaryotic, many archaeal, and some bacterial tRNAs. M1A is generally located in the T loop of cytosolic tRNA and between acceptor and D stems of mitochondrial tRNAs, it is involved in tertiary interaction that stabilizes tRNA. Human tRNA m1A levels are dynamically regulated that fine-tune translation and can also serve as biomarkers for infectious disease. Although many methods have been used to measure m1A, a PCR method to assess m1A levels quantitatively in specific tRNAs has been lacking. Here we develop a templated-ligation followed by qPCR method (TL-qPCR) that measures m1A levels in target tRNAs. Our method uses the SplintR ligase that efficiently ligates two tRNA complementary DNA oligonucleotides using tRNA as the template followed by qPCR using the ligation product as the template. M1A interferes with the ligation in specific ways, allowing for the quantitative assessment of m1A levels using sub-nanogram amounts of total RNA. We identify the features of specificity and quantitation for m1A modified model RNAs and apply these to total RNA samples from human cells. Our method enables easy access to study the dynamics and function of this pervasive tRNA modification.
Ze wschodniej polityki Francji w okresie rokowań pokojowych Polski z bolszewikami w drugiej połowie 1920 r. i na początku 1921 r.
Authors: Gmurczyk-Wrońska Małgorzata
Published: March 2024

Artykuł dotyczy francuskiej polityki głównie wobec Polski oraz Rosji bolszewickiej i „białej”. Zagadnienia zostały przedstawione w kontekście toczących się w Mińsku, a potem w Rydze polsko-sowieckich pertraktacji pokojowych i podpisanego w marcu 1921 r. pokoju. Celem artykułu było pokazanie stanowiska Francji wobec tych wydarzeń, a także przedstawienie francuskiej koncepcji polityki na wschodzie Europy, również w kontekście prób neutralizowania Niemiec i zabezpieczenia się przed ewentualnym zagrożeniem z ich strony. Francuzi zachowali dystans wobec tych pertraktacji i pokoju w Rydze, spodziewali się jednak wiosną 1921 r. ataku bolszewików na Polskę, Rumunię, Czechosłowację i państwa bałtyckie. W związku z tym snuli plany wsparcia materiałowego i finansowego tych państw. Francja miała cały czas nadzieję na upadek rządu bolszewików. Równolegle do tych działań Francja przygotowywała się do zawarcia układów sojuszniczych z państwami Europy Środkowej, w tym z Polską.
From Source to Analysis: A Language Documenters Guide to Annotating Text
Authors: Chelliah Shobhana , Lotven Samson
Published: March 2024

From Source to Analysis is designed to help students and practitioners of language documentation and description collect audio and video of naturally produced interactional speech and create intellectual access to those recordings. The text is written so it can be used as a companion to demonstration workshops or as part of a technology-focused class on language documentation. It can be used in academic or nonacademic settings. The original contribution is on suggested methods of text annotation and the archiving of source files and annotation files. We use the Computational Resource for South Asian Languages (CoRSAL) metadata schema to teach about metadata and file naming. We use the Summer Institute of Linguistics Fieldworks Language Explorer (FLEx) program to teach about annotation. We demonstrate an innovative method of glossing we call Hierarchical Interlinear Glossing to create hierarchical interlinear glossed text (HIGT).
Una expedición fotográfica al pasado de Colombia
Authors: Schuster Sven Benjamín , Abondano Felipe
Published: March 2024

En su misión de explorar Sudamérica, los vulcanólogos alemanes Alphons Stübel y Wilhelm Reiss arribaron a Colombia en 1868 con la idea de llegar hasta el Chimborazo ecuatoriano. De su travesía por este tramo, que tardó más de dos años, dan testimonio, además de sus diarios de campo, una colección de al menos 200 fotografías extraordinarias que adquirieron aquí en el país. Los historiadores Sven Schuster y Jessica Alejandra Neva Oviedo recopilaron estas imágenes que para la mayoría de los colombianos son desconocidas, pero que deberían de hacer parte de la historia fotográfica nacional.
Technology Counteroffensive Strategies: Toward an Ex Ante View of Technology Substitution
Authors: Furr Nathan R. , Snow Daniel C.
Published: March 2024

Although the canonical view of technology substitution describes the frequent failure of incumbent firms to adapt to new technologies, research suggests that firms adopt a variety of strategies when faced with a substitution. These include extending the incumbent technology, bridging to the new by creating hybrids of incumbent and threatening technology, and retreating to market niches in which incumbent technologies retain a competitive advantage. Because ex post views can depict such strategies as ineffectual in the face of inevitable substitution, we have a limited view of the impact of these strategies—whether, when, and how technology substitution occurs. In a study of technology substitution in the population of automobile carburetor manufacturers between 1979 and 1992, we find that these “technology counteroffensive” strategies effectively improved product performance, temporarily deferred technology substitution, and contributed to the continued survival of many firms. Significant firm outcome differences result from these strategies. The paper concludes by suggesting both a theory of technology hybrids and an ex ante theory of technology substitution as a complement to the dominant ex post view.
Does your unwell patient have haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis?
Authors: Holloway Amelia , Ahmed Saad , Manson Jessica J
Published: March 2024

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a severe systemic hyperinflammatory syndrome characterised by dysregulation of immune cells and excessive production of cytokines, also known as a cytokine storm. It has distinctive clinical features with fever, hyperferritinaemia and falling blood counts. In adults, this usually occurs secondary to an underlying driver or trigger including infection, malignancy or rheumatic diseases. Prompt treatment with immunomodulatory therapy, including corticosteroids and the recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra, is recommended to switch off the cytokine storm. Etoposide-based regimens are sometimes needed, and newer therapies such as emapalumab and JAK inhibitors are increasingly being used.

The incidence of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis has increased significantly over the last 20 years which may partly reflect increased awareness of the condition. Although relatively rare, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis can be encountered by a broad range of hospital physicians, so knowing how to diagnose and treat this condition is essential. This article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical features, causes, diagnosis and treatment of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis to improve physician recognition and management of this condition to improve future patient outcomes.
Slowly Does It
Authors: Dyson Lauren
Published: March 2024

Across Europe, from Spain to the Netherlands, Finland and Wales, there is a growing consensus that lowering speed limits in urban areas to 30km/h, or 20mph, will not only improve road safety, but also reduce air pollution and enhance quality of life. But what evidence is this based on and what are the challenges with the implementation and enforcement of this new thinking?
Authoring Pain: Fragmentation and Autofiction in Maggie Nelson's Bluets
Authors: Vaccarella Maria
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article analyzes Maggie Nelson's Bluets (2009) as a prominent example of the fragmentary narration that can result from the experience of pain and loss. I demonstrate how Nelson's disparate ruminations on her obsession for the color blue, her heartbreak, and her quadriplegic friend's chronic pain defy the superimposition of a teleological plot over these experiences, in favor of episodic reading and sporadic not-knowing. Still, the autofictional nature of the text—with its alternatively overbearing and elusive authorial presence—challenges any naïve emotional investment in it. Focusing on Nelson's narration of her quadriplegic friend's experience of chronic pain, I conclude by highlighting how Bluets calls for a reconsideration of the reader's stance vis-à-vis the description of suffering, as well as of simplistic critical approaches to illness narratives as life-writing.
A Q&A with Jonas Staal
Authors: Staal Jonas
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The following exchange took place during the Question and Answer period following Jonas Staal’s (JS) talk, “Collectivize Time, Redistribute the Future.” The talk was given digitally on 8 October 2021 as part of Relative Time/Little Time , a speaker series designed collaboratively by Dutch artist duo Bik Van der Pol (LB and JVdP) and Mosaic . The Question and Answer session was moderated by Mosaic Editor Shepherd Steiner (SS).
Negative Accumulation, or That Which Happens without Time
Authors: Silva Denise Ferreira Da
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The following is a transcription of Denise Ferreira da Silva’s talk “Negative Accumulation.” The talk was given digitally on 25 January 2022 as part of Relative Time/Little Time , a speaker series designed collaboratively by Dutch artist duo Bik Van der Pol and Mosaic .
Philosophy, Literature, and the Avoidance of Reading
Authors: Yousef Nancy
Published: March 2024

Abstract: “Philosophy of literature” is a thriving subfield of Anglo-American philosophy but virtually unknown within literary studies. This essay aims to address a significant methodological inadequacy that is characteristic of much work in “philosophy of literature”: the remarkable absence of sustained and close textual interpretation as a technique for argument and substantiation. Underlying this approach are assumptions about the separability of meaning from linguistic form that lie at the foundation of modern philosophical approaches to logic and language, instantiated here by Gottlob Frege’s 1918 essay “The Thought.” The implications of Fregean ideas are legible in the interpretive failings of “philosophy of literature.”
Simulating a turbulent video affected by spatiotemporally varying blur and tilt using temporal cross correlation of intermodal Zernike coefficients
Authors: Maor Or , Yitzhaky Yitzhak
Published: March 2024

Videos captured in long-distance horizontal imaging through the atmosphere suffer from dynamic spatiotemporal movements and blur caused by the air turbulence. Simulations of atmospheric turbulence in such videos, which have been conducted in the past, are difficult to compute. Our goal in this research is to develop an effective simulation algorithm of videos affected by atmospheric turbulence characterized by spatiotemporally varying blur and tilt, when supplied with a given image. We accomplish this via extending an already established method that simulates atmospheric turbulence in a single image, by incorporating turbulence properties in the time domain that include both the tilts and blurring effects. This study also extends our previous work that simulated turbulence, but did not consider the space-varying property of the blur. This is done by employing the relationship between turbulence image distortions and the intermodal correlations of the Zernike coefficients in time and space, and also via analyzing the spatiotemporal matrix that represents the spatial correlation of movements between different frames. The proposed method can facilitate the production of simulations, given turbulence properties that include turbulence strength, object distance, and height. The simulation is applied to videos with low and high frame rates, and the differences between them are analyzed. The proposed method can prove useful when generating machine-learning algorithms that apply to videos affected by atmospheric turbulence, which require large labeled video datasets (with controlled turbulence and imaging parameters) for training.
Dynamic iterative correction algorithm for designing diffractive optical elements
Authors: Hu Chi , Zhang Jin , Jiang Shilei , Sun Guobin
Published: March 2024

When utilizing the Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm to design diffractive optical elements, correction coefficients are introduced to improve the quality of the design results. The main design idea is to correct the target information dynamically during the iterative calculation process. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through the verification of beam shaping and phase-type hologram designs. Compared to the traditional GS algorithm, the results of beam shaping show that the light intensity nonuniformity and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the shaped spot are reduced by an order of magnitude. The results of phase-type holograms show that the reconstructed image’s peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is improved by about 12 dB. Finally, the paper also discusses the selection of correction coefficients, providing insights into the selection of optimal design correction coefficients. The simulation and experimental results show that the improved algorithm proposed in this paper is not only simple in design but also highly efficient in obtaining a high-quality phase structure, which is of great help in designing high-quality diffractive optical elements.
Validity, reliability, and readability of single-item and short physical activity questionnaires for use in surveillance: A systematic review
Authors: Tcymbal Antonina , Messing Sven , Mait Rachel , Perez Roberto Galindo , Akter Taiyeba , Rakovac Ivo , Gelius Peter , Abu-Omar Karim
Published: March 2024

Background

Accurate and fast measurement of physical activity is important for surveillance. Even though many physical activity questionnaires (PAQ) are currently used in research, it is unclear which of them is the most reliable, valid, and easy to use. This systematic review aimed to identify existing brief PAQs, describe and compare their measurement properties, and assess their level of readability.

Methods

We performed a systematic review based on the PRISMA statement. Literature searches were conducted in six scientific databases. Articles were included if they evaluated validity and/or reliability of brief (i.e., with a maximum of three questions) physical activity or exercise questionnaires intended for healthy adults. Due to the heterogeneity of studies, data were summarized narratively. The level of readability was calculated according to the Flesch-Kincaid formula.

Results

In total, 35 articles published in English or Spanish were included, evaluating 32 distinct brief PAQs. The studies indicated moderate to good levels of reliability for the PAQs. However, the majority of results showed weak validity when validated against device-based measurements and demonstrated weak to moderate validity when validated against other PAQs. Most of the assessed PAQs met the criterion of being "short," allowing respondents to complete them in less than one minute either by themselves or with an interviewer. However, only 17 questionnaires had a readability level that indicates that the PAQ is easy to understand for the majority of the population.

Conclusions

This review identified a variety of brief PAQs, but most of them were evaluated in only a single study. Validity and reliability of short and long questionnaires are found to be at a comparable level, short PAQs can be recommended for use in surveillance systems. However, the methods used to assess measurement properties varied widely across studies, limiting the comparability between different PAQs and making it challenging to identify a single tool as the most suitable. None of the evaluated brief PAQs allowed for the measurement of whether a person fulfills current WHO physical activity guidelines. Future development or adaptation of PAQs should prioritize readability as an important factor to enhance their usability.
Staging a ‘Children’s Classic’, teaching racism: Pippi Longstocking ([2005] 2019)
Authors: Järvinen Hanna
Published: March 2024

In 2019, the Finnish National Ballet company brought onstage the 2005 Royal Swedish Ballet production Pippi Longstocking, based on Astrid Lindgren’s works for children. This article uses the ballet production as an example of how intertextual contexts complicate choices made in representation, and how canonicity is used to shelter derivative works from criticism. The specific focus is on the compound effect of the choices made by the ballet’s creators to include aspects of Lindgren’s novels that have been criticized for racism by taking recourse to ballet’s own traditions of racist representation. The ballet adaptation draws attention to systemic whiteness in Nordic countries still struggling to acknowledge their histories of colonialism and racism. Simultaneously, the Finnish company’s decision to change the choreography in August 2022 reveals how even an art form as intimately linked with European colonialism as ballet needs to change with the times.
Mammalian Contribution to Transmission of Schistosoma japonicum Infection in West Lore, Poso, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Budiono Novericko Ginger , Satrija Fadjar , Ridwan Yusuf , Handharyani Ekowati , Murtini Sri , Mananta Opyn
Published: March 2024

Studies on the role of domestic animals in the transmission of schistosomiasis japonica in the West Lore Sub-district, Poso District, are still limited despite its importance as zoonosis. This study used a cross-sectional design to determine schistosomiasis prevalence in domestic mammals and identify the relative contribution of each mammalian speciesâ€™ schistosomiasis transmission in the West Lore Sub-District. Fecal samples were obtained from 209 animals (seven buffaloes, 70 dogs, 44 cattle, 86 pigs, and two horses). The Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory technique was used to detect both the occurrence of S. japonicum egg in feces and the intensity of schistosomiasis infection. The examination of 1852 human fecal samples using the Kato-Katz method was carried out by the Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Lengkeka. The measurement of environmental pollution with S. japonicum eggs and the relative contribution of each species in the transmission was performed. The highest prevalence of S. japonicum infection in animals was in horses (100%; 2/2), cattle (54.55%; 24/44), and pigs (51.16%; 44/86). The prevalence in buffaloes and dogs was 28.57% (2/7) and 32.86% (23/70). Cattle (69.74%) were the main contributors to S. japonicum eggs contamination in the environment, followed by pigs (21.95%) and buffaloes (4.71%). This study reported a high prevalence of schistosomiasis in animals (45.46%), while low human schistosomiasis prevalence (0.59%).
Polymorphisms of the Thy1 (Thymocyte Differentiation Antigen 1) Gene in Candidate IPB D2 Chicken Line
Authors: Putri Nensy Tri , Murtini Sri , Ulupi Niken , Khaerunnisa Isyana , Sumantri Cece
Published: March 2024

The Thy1 gene is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is found in many different animals. This gene encodes a Thy1 protein (CD90) which measures 25â€“37 kDa. Although the function of the Thy1 gene is unknown, it is thought to play a crucial role in the immunological response, particularly in the activation of T cells. The goal of this study was to find a variation in the Thy1 gene in IPB D2 Â chickens that might be utilized as candidates for immunoresistance genetic markers. A total of 123 samples from IPB D2 chickens consisting of 38 samples from IPB D2 G0 (basic generation) chickens and 85 samples from IPB D2 G2 (second generation) chickens were used in this study. PCR methods and direct-DNA sequencing were used in this study. Data analysis in this study consisted of genotype frequency, allele frequency, observed heterozigosity, expected heterozygosity, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The results of the studyÂ  discovered two SNPs on the intron (g.2139 CT and g.2542 AG). Four haplotypes were created by combining two SNPs. The g.2139 CTand g.2542 AG were polymorphic, but not in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Fermentation of Cocoa Pods Husk Using Turmeric Powder and Aspergillus niger: Effects on Fiber Composition and Antinutrients
Authors: Atmaja I Gede Mahardhika , Ismartoyo Ismartoyo , Natsir Asmuddin , Syahrir Syahriani
Published: March 2024

Processing of cocoa pods husk (CPH) by fermentation with Aspergillus niger (A. niger) and additional herbs such as turmeric is believed to be able to improve the quality of feed ingredients from plantation byproducts.Â  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the fermentation process using A. niger and the addition of different levels of turmeric in reducing the fiber fraction and antinutrient contents of CPH. Â The experiment used a completely randomized design of eight treatments and three replications.Â  The treatments consisted of P0: control; P1: CPH fermented with A. niger; P2, P3 and P4: fermented (CPH + 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5% turmeric powder) with A. niger; P5, P6 and P7: fermented CPH with A. niger + 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 % turmeric powder. Variables observed were the fiber composition of CPHÂ  as well as antinutrients.Â  The results showed that CPH fermentation using A. niger with different levels of turmeric powder significantly reduced the content of fiber fractions, i.e., NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose, compared to that of unfermented CPH.Â  For antinutritional content, fermentation using A. niger with different levels of turmeric powder significantly decreased tannin.Â  It tended to decrease the lignin content of CPH compared to unfermented CPHs.Â  In conclusion, fermentation of CPH using A. niger with an addition of 1.5% of turmeric before the fermentation is the most effective treatment in decreasing the fiber and antinutritional Components In CPH.
Experiencias de aprendizaje con datos cívicos para la Ciudadanía Global
Authors: Zapata-Cardona Lucía
Published: March 2024

Este estudio rastrea los indicios de Ciudadanía Global que revelan las voces de los participantes cuando están inmersos en experiencias de aprendizaje relacionadas con la ciencia de datos. Se usaron datos cívicos, software de visualización y los principios de la Ciudadanía Global para diseñar experiencias de aprendizaje que encarnaban algún tipo de problema global (calentamiento global, contaminación de aguas superficiales, emisiones de dióxido de carbono). Se implementaron las experiencias de aprendizaje con diferentes poblaciones: estudiantes de primaria, estudiantes de secundaria y profesores en ejercicio y se grabó en audio y video cada encuentro. Los encuentros se transcribieron verbatim y sobre las transcripciones se rastrearon los indicios de la Ciudadanía Global. Los resultados sugieren que las declaraciones verbales de los participantes ofrecen indicios de Ciudadanía Global en las dimensiones cognitiva (conocimiento), socioemocional (empatía, responsabilidad, solidaridad) y comportamental (acciones transformativas) como resultado de la exposición a las experiencias de aprendizaje.
Abordagens conceituais sobre variabilidade estatística em pesquisas brasileiras: uma revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Sousa Edicarlos Pereira de , Cazorla Irene Maurício , Monteiro Carlos Eduardo Ferreira
Published: March 2024

A ideia da variabilidade é importante para a aprendizagem de estatística porque auxilia na compreensão das variáveis, da origem dos dados e suas características típicas. Buscando identificar como as pesquisas brasileiras abordam a variabilidade estatística, no sentido de promover educação estatística a estudantes e professores, realizou-se uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações e Portal de Periódicos da Capes, e na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações. Os resultados sugerem que há poucas pesquisas sobre variabilidade estatística na Educação Básica. A maioria das publicações incluídas enfocam a formação inicial ou continuada de professores, evidenciando a ausência de estudos acerca da aprendizagem de estudantes. As publicações também indicam que há pouca abordagem e limitações conceituais relativamente a tópicos como centralidade, medidas de dispersão, dotplot e bloxplot. Constatou-se que atividades referentes à comparação e representação são insuficientes, implicando em dificuldades para apropriação do conceito investigado.
COVID-19 no Brasil: Um Olhar sobre o Gênero na Mortalidade no Período 2020 e 2021
Authors: Guedes Walef Pena , Sugahara Cibele Roberta , Ferreira Denise Helena Lombardo , Paludi Mariana Inês
Published: March 2024

A COVID-19 é retratada como uma doença ocasionada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, extremamente contagiosa, que afeta principalmente o sistema respiratório. A pandemia impactou a vida de homens e mulheres desproporcionalmente, do risco de exposição e suscetibilidade biológica à infecção aos impactos sociais e econômicos. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa visa analisar a relação entre gênero e mortalidade por COVID-19 nas Unidades da Federação brasileiras. Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada, exploratória e qualiquantitativa. As taxas de mortalidade por gênero e Unidade da Federação foram calculadas com base nos dados obtidos no Registro Civil – Portal de Transparência para os anos de 2020 e 2021. Os resultados evidenciam disparidades no número de óbitos entre homens e mulheres em várias faixas etárias. Ademais, as taxas de mortalidade entre os homens foram consideravelmente mais elevadas em comparação com as mulheres, especialmente em 2021. Esta discrepância foi notável em homens com mais de 60 anos, particularmente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. Além disso, Roraima se destacou com os maiores índices de mortalidade para ambos os gêneros nos dois anos analisados. Esses achados ressaltam a importância de políticas e estratégias sensíveis ao gênero e às necessidades dos grupos vulneráveis, a fim de atenuar os impactos durante períodos pandêmicos. Além disso, abordagens que considerem as disparidades de gênero podem contribuir significativamente para a eficácia das medidas de saúde pública e o bem-estar geral da população.
Experimental and numerical investigation of nanomaterial-based structural composite
Authors: Kanif Markad , Vivek Patekar , Kishor Kale
Published: March 2024

In this work, we discussed multi-phase composites fabrication and analytical as well as experimental analysis. Shear mixing of multi-walled nanotube (MWCNT) and epoxy is used to create nanocomposites. Ultrasonication, magnetic stirring, and moulding using the hand layup technique were the procedures used for sample preparation. Curing and cutting were performed as well, all in accordance with ASTM standards. This research uses an experimental method for assessing material qualities and backs up its findings with an analytical one for verification. It can be shown that the outcomes of both experiments and analyses are consistent. The structural analysis of a composite sample is probed by using a further analytical validation strategy. In this research, we examined the effects of varying the MWCNT content of the matrix. The tensile strength was shown to rise up to 0.5% MWCNT content in the matrix. For 0.7% MWCNT reinforcement in the matrix, tensile strength drops as a result of agglomeration. This research also explored the use of ANSYS for critical buckling analysis on many different multi-phase nanocomposite samples. The critical buckling resistance capability of the various configurations of composite materials was examined, and the model’s efficacy was shown via validation against existing literature.
Nephroprotective effect of cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos) in streptozocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice
Authors: Shareef Saja Majeed , Khaleel Raghad Abdulsalam , Maryoosh Taif M.
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Diabetic nephropathy is a chief reason of mortality particularly in individuals with renal dysfunction. The current research was aimed to assess the nephroprotective portion of Vaccinium oxycoccos toward mice diabetic nephropathy induced by streptozotocin (STZ). V. oxycoccos was purchased and used for hydroalcoholic extraction.

Methods

Sixty male mice were subjected to STZ-intraperitoneal injection (45 mg/kg). After diabetes induction, mice were divided into five groups of diabetic control (received only STZ), non-diabetic control (received only citrate buffer), two V. oxycoccos treatment (received V. oxycoccos extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) oral daily by gavage), and metformin treatment (received metformin (500 mg/kg) oral daily by gavage). Glucose and weight of mice were checked weekly.

Results

After 28 days, the effect of V. oxycoccos extract on serum and urine parameters were assessed. STZ caused significant decreased in the mice body weight. Mice treated with the V. oxycoccos (400 mg/kg) harbored the lowest weight loss at day 28 (70.2±1.38 g). STZ caused significant increase in the mice FBS. Mice treated with the V. oxycoccos (400 mg/kg) harbored the lowest FBS at day 28 (189.2±1.20 mg/dL). Treatment of mice with V. oxycoccos (400 mg/kg) caused the lowest increase in the levels of cholesterol, HbA1c and triglycerides compared to the diabetic control mice. Compared to the diabetic control group, mice treated with V. oxycoccos (400 mg/kg) had the highest HDL, insulin, SOD, and GSH (p<0.05). The lowest serum BUN, CR, and UR were found in mice treated with V. oxycoccos (400 mg/kg). Anti-inflammatory effects of V. oxycoccos (400 mg/kg) was shown by the lowest TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β1 concentration in mice treated with V. oxycoccos (400 mg/kg).

Conclusions

The current study disclosed that treatment with V. oxycoccos resulted in substantial development in the serum and urine parameters and also antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response of STZ-induced diabetic mice.
A study on influence of wettability on antiviral coating using polyethylene glycol (PEG) and acrylic binder
Authors: Subramaniam Reasmyraj R. , Syafiq Amirul , Balakrishnan Vengadaesvaran , Ahmad Muhammad Shakeel , Abd Rahim Nasrudin , Hassandarvish Pouya
Published: March 2024

One of the biggest problems facing medical science today is preventing viral outbreaks, which highlights the significance of research initiatives aimed at creating antimicrobial coatings for a range of products, including textiles, medical devices, and public spaces. In this study, we aimed to determine the possible antiviral effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating on feline coronavirus (FCoV). The PEG coatings were synthesized by a simple mixing method with a water-based acrylic binder in different weight percentages (3, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt%). The Spearman–Karber technique was used to calculate the viral titers, which were then expressed as the tissue culture infectious dose at 50 % CPE (TCID50/ml). 20 wt% PEG could result in a 3 log10 reduction in virus titer with an inhibition rate of approximately 99.9 % against FCoV. The increment of PEG weight percent from 0 to 25 wt% decreases the hardness and glass transition temperature of the coatings from 38.1 to 5.5 HV and 15.45 to −15.48 °C. Apart from that, the wettability analysis has revealed that PEG coating is hydrophilic with water contact angle (WCA) of around 75 ± 0.5°–85 ± 0.5°. Adding 25 wt% of PEG makes the coating to be superhydrophilic with WCA of 39.85 ± 0.5°.
Outcomes of minimal access cytoreductive surgery (M-CRS) and HIPEC/EPIC vs. open cytoreductive surgery (O-CRS) and HIPEC/EPIC in patients with peritoneal surface malignancies: a meta-analysis
Authors: Pawar Ajinkya , Warikoo Vikas , Salunke Abhijeet , Sharma Mohit , Pandya Shashank , Bhardwaj Amol , KS Sandeep , Aaron Jebin
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Minimal Access Surgery (MAS) has shown better peri-operative outcomes with equivalent oncological outcomes in gastrointestinal and thoracic oncology. Open CRS (O-CRS) procedure accompanies inevitable and significant surgical morbidity in patients. The aim of the review article is to compare outcomes of M-CRS and HIPEC/EPIC with open procedure in peritoneal surface malignancies.

Content

Comprehensive search of databases was done and total 2,807 articles were found (2793-PubMed and 14-Cochrane review). PRISMA flow chart was prepared and 14 articles were selected. Meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines using random-effects model (DerSimonian Laird) and fixed effect model. Publication bias was tested with Funnel plot and Egger’s regression test. Quality of studies was assessed by Newcastle–Ottawa scale.

Summary and Outlook

Patients in both groups [total (732), M-CRS(319), O-CRS(413)] were similar in demographic characteristics. Peri-operative outcomes were significantly better in M-CRS group in terms of blood loss SMD=−2.379, p<0.001 (95 % CI −2.952 to −1.805), blood transfusion RR=0.598, p=0.011 (95 % CI 0.402 to 0.889), bowel recovery SMD=−0.843, p=0.01 (95 % CI −1.487 to −0.2), hospital stay SMD=−2.348, p<0.001 (95 % CI −3.178 to −1.519) and total morbidity RR=0.538, p<0.001 (95 % CI 0.395 to 0.731). Duration of surgery SMD=−0.0643 (95 % CI −0.993 to 0.865, p=0.892) and CC0 score RR=1.064 (95 % CI 0.992 to 1.140, p=0.083) had no significant difference. Limited studies which evaluated survival showed similar outcomes. This meta-analysis shows that M-CRS and HIPEC/EPIC is feasible and has better peri-operative outcomes compared to open procedure in patients with limited peritoneal carcinoma index (PCI) peritoneal surface malignancies. Survival outcomes were not calculated. Further studies are warranted in this regard.
Revealing distinct DNA methylation patterns in hepatic carcinoma through high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Zhang Guangmou , Zhang Kefeng , Yuan Meng , Li Yichen , Li Jiahui , Yuan Zhiqing
Published: March 2024

Objectives

To study the relationship between DNA methylation and tumour development and provide experimental evidence for the personalized diagnosis and treatment of hepatic carcinoma.

Methods

The DNA of hepatic carcinoma tissue (Ca group) and adjacent normal tissue (T group) were extracted using the phenol-chloroform method and then treated with bisulfite. Twenty-five genes including 45 subtypes were amplified by PCR. The PCR products were sequenced via the Illumina 450k methylation array assay. The changes of methylated DNA performance were analysed through principal component analysis (PCA). Cluster analysis was used to evaluate the classification of methylated DNA regions. Haplotype abundance variation was tested for methylation differences. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square (χ2) test or Fisher’s exact test.

Results

Sequencing discoveries indicated CG-type methylation pervading all amplicons. However, CHG-type and CHH-type methylations were confined to only four amplicons (or nine subtypes). The methylation ratios of three specific amplicons (DAB2IP, PRDM14-1, Rab31-1) out of 45 amplicon subtypes in the Ca group significantly increased (over 10 %) compared to the T group (p<0.05). Nineteen amplicons demonstrated minor distinction (methylation pattern variations between 1 and 10 %), with the remaining 23 amplicons showing only minimal disparities (under 1 %). PCA and cluster analysis unveiled a marked difference in methylation levels between cancerous and healthy tissues (p<0.05).

Conclusions

The changes in haplotypes and methylation sites could serve as a biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of hepatic carcinoma. Methylation patterns might play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatic carcinoma.
Options Outside Unification through Military Force
Authors: Wang Chia-chou
Published: March 2024

As there is no academic consensus on the effectiveness of the cross-strait integration policy, the panel study approach was adopted to present an empirical analysis. A scale to measure willingness for cross-strait integration was created based on the theory of ethnic group assimilation. Four hypotheses were derived from the social contact, social identity, and rational choice theories. The results show that cross-strait integration policy is effective. The Taiwanese students’ willingness for cross-strait integration had increased significantly after visiting Mainland China. Following their visit to the mainland, if the Taiwanese students had a better impression of China, lower perceived hostility, higher evaluation of the Chinese employment market, and weaker stand on Taiwanese independence, their willingness for cross-strait integration was considered to have increased. This study makes an academic contribution by presenting an accurate evaluation of the effects of the CPC’s Taiwan policy.
The effect of biostimulants on parsnip seed germination and initial growth
Authors: Tamindži G.D. , Miljakovi D.. , Vlaji S.A. , Miloševi D.N. , Jovii D.D. , Jakši S.P. , Ignjatov M.V.
Published: March 2024

Biostimulants are used for seed quality and performance improvement. However, the impact of biostimulants on parsnip seed quality has not been examined. Slow germination of parsnip is often further impeded by stress conditions. This study therefore aimed to assess whether treatments
with different biostimulants could enhance seed germination and the initial seedling growth of parsnip. Amino acid and micronutrient-based biostimulants (0.2% solutions (v/v) of Technokel Amino Mix® and Megafol®) improved germination of parsnip seeds under optimal conditions, while
biostimulant treatments with humic acid, fulvic acid and micronutrients (0.02% solution (v/v) of Organiko®) enhanced the initial growth. Our findings validate the potential of biostimulant application as a seed treatment. Determination of the main physiological causes of parsnip germination
enhancement is needed in further research.
RAB5A in triple-negative breast cancer: a critical role in macrophage reshaping in an exosomal miR-21-dependent manner
Authors: Qiao Lei , Dong Chao , Jia Wenlei , Sun Gang
Published: March 2024

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in females, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized as one of the main subtypes of breast cancer, with poor prognosis and limited treatments. Investigating the molecular basis or discovering relevant oncogenes will greatly help in developing effective targeted therapies. In this study, we ascertained that RAB5A depletion in TNBC cells suppresses the secretion of exosomes and blocks the polarization of macrophages toward an M2 phenotype. By scanning miRNAs associated with macrophage polarization, we identified that miR-21 was the pivotal component in tumor cell-derived exosomes and played a key role in RAB5A-mediated macrophage polarization. The enhanced expression of miR-21 in macrophages is able to potentiate the M2 polarization of macrophages in the presence of tumor cells. Pellino-1 (PELI1) was subsequently identified as the target of miR-21, and forced PELI1 expression partially abrogated the M2 polarization of macrophages induced by miR-21 overexpression. Macrophages stimulated with RAB5A-depleted TNBC cells (coculture, conditioned medium or exosomes) impaired their capability to promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells. In vivo xenograft experiments further confirmed that RAB5A knockdown TNBC cells exhibited reduced tumor formation and impaired tumor-associated macrophage recruitment. These studies shed light on the potential underlying mechanism of RAB5A-mediated macrophage polarization in an exosomal miR-21-dependent manner and provide an experimental basis for the development of RAB5A- or exosome-based tumor therapeutic strategies.
Climate changes affecting global iodine status
Authors: Smyth Peter PA , O’Dowd Colin D
Published: March 2024

Global warming is now universally acknowledged as being responsible for dramatic climate changes with rising sea levels, unprecedented temperatures, resulting fires and threatened widespread species loss. While these effects are extremely damaging, threatening the future of life on our planet, one unexpected and paradoxically beneficial consequence could be a significant contribution to global iodine supply. Climate change and associated global warming are not the primary causes of increased iodine supply, which results from the reaction of ozone (O3) arising from both natural and anthropogenic pollution sources with iodide (I−) present in the oceans and in seaweeds (macro- and microalgae) in coastal waters, producing gaseous iodine (I2). The reaction serves as negative feedback, serving a dual purpose, both diminishing ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere and thereby increasing I2. The potential of this I2 to significantly contribute to human iodine intake is examined in the context of I2 released in a seaweed-abundant coastal area. The bioavailability of the generated I2 offers a long-term possibility of increasing global iodine status and thereby promoting thyroidal health. It is hoped that highlighting possible changes in iodine bioavailability might encourage the health community to address this issue.
VAKIF SENEDİNİN UNSURLARI VE VAKIF SENEDİNDEKİ NOKSANLIKLARIN TAMAMLANMASI
Authors: EGE Önder
Published: March 2024

Türk Medeni Kanunu (TMK) m 101 hükmünde vakıf, “gerçek veya tüzel kişilerin yeterli mal ve hakları belirli ve sürekli bir amaca özgülemeleriyle oluşan tüzel kişiliğe sahip mal toplulukları” olarak tanımlanmıştır. Vakıf senedinde TMK m 106 hükmüne göre, vakfın adı, amacı, bu amaca özgülenen mal ve haklar, vakfın örgütlenme ve yönetim şekli ile yerleşim yeri (ikametgâhı) gösterilmelidir. Vakfın bu unsurlarının vakıf senedinde yer alması zorunludur. Vakfın zorunlu unsurları bakımından senette bulunan noksanlıklar TMK m 107 hükmüne göre tamamlanır. Vakıf senedinin tamamlanması tescilden önce veya sonra yapılabilir. Vakıf senedinin zorunlu unsurundaki noksanlıkların giderilmemesi halinde ise, kural olarak vakfın tescili talebi mahkeme tarafından ret edilecektir.
MİLLETLERARASI ÖZEL HUKUK VE USUL HUKUKU HAKKINDA KANUN KAPSAMINDA TENFİZ DİLEKÇESİNE EKLENECEK BELGELERDE ONAY GEREKLİLİĞİNE İLİŞKİN DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: SEZİŞLİ Vildan
Published: March 2024

Yabancı ülke mahkemeleri tarafından verilen kararların Türkiye’de kesin hüküm etkisinin kabulü için, bu kararların kural olarak mahkemeye başvurularak tanıma ya da tenfizinin talep edilmesi ve mahkeme tarafından bu talebin kabul edilmesi gerekmektedir. Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk ve Usul Hukuku Hakkında Kanun’un 53’üncü maddesinde bu yönde talepler için hazırlanan dilekçeye eklenecek belgelerle ilgili düzenleme yapılmıştır. Kanun’un 1(2)’inci maddesinde, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin taraf olduğu milletlerarası sözleşme hükümleri saklı tutulmuştur.

Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nun 224’üncü maddesinde ise yabancı resmî belgelerin yetkili makamlar tarafından onaylanması zorunluluğuna ilişkin düzenleme yapılmıştır. Kanun’un aynı maddesinde yabancı resmî belgelerin tasdiki ile ilgili Türkiye’nin taraf olduğu milletlerarası sözleşme hükümlerinin saklı olduğu belirtilmiştir.

Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk ve Usul Hukuku Hakkında Kanun’un 53’üncü maddesinde aranan onay zorunluluğu ile ilgili hüküm, Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nun 224’üncü maddesinde aranan onay zorunluluğuna ilişkin hükümle karıştırılmaktadır. Bu durumun nedenlerinden biri yabancı ülke makamı ifadesinden ne anlaşılması gerektiğinin açık olmamasıdır. Diğeri ise her iki düzenlemede yer alan hükümler arasında uyumsuzluk bulunmasıdır. Çalışmada konuyla ilgili değerlendirmeler yapılarak, çözüm önerileri getirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Consideraciones sobre la dialéctica del mito desde el pensamiento de José Carlos Mariátegui y Hegel
Authors: Ruiz-Eldredge Molina Ernesto , Weißmüller Alexey
Published: March 2024

En este ensayo nos proponemos mostrar en qué medida el pensamiento de Mariátegui contribuye a una mejor comprensión y cumplimiento del objetivo de Hegel de una realización concreta del espíritu en el “país del porvenir”. Procedemos en dos momentos. En primer lugar, reconstruimos la comprensión específica de Mariátegui acerca del mito, considerando a su vez sus aspectos problemáticos. Al hacerlo, nos concentramos en su constitución material. Luego, en un segundo momento, confrontamos el concepto de mito sostenido por Mariátegui a la exposición que de él hace Hegel. Intentamos mostrar así, cómo el concepto de mito recobrado de esta manera tiene importantes consecuencias en la relación entre la unidad y la diferencia, entre la parte y el todo. Al culminar este proceso, estaremos en condiciones de evaluar hasta qué punto el mito de Mariátegui defiende la dialéctica hegeliana contra sí misma y reanuda la discusión entre la dialéctica especulativa y la negativa con respecto a los problemas de la práctica política.
El alcohol en Cañas y barro: una aproximación a la obra
Authors: Fernández Carbayo Esther
Published: March 2024

La novela Cañas y barro, escrita por Vicente Blasco Ibáñez en 1902, pertenece al llamado «ciclo de novelas valencianas», al que se adscriben, a su vez, novelas como Entre naranjos (1900), Flor de mayo (1895) y La barraca (1898). Este artículo es una aproximación a un análisis sobre el tema del alcohol, que vertebra la obra y se encuentra relacionado estrictamente con los acontecimientos de la trama. A su vez, señalaremos la importancia que el autor otorga al problema sociocultural de embriaguez que condiciona directa o indirectamente a todos los personajes.