bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smartphone-Delivered Attentional Bias Modification Training for Mental Health: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Banire Bilikis , Orr Matt , Burns Hailey , McGowan Youna , Orji Rita , Meier Sandra
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Smartphone-delivered attentional bias modification training (ABMT) intervention has gained popularity as a remote solution for alleviating symptoms of mental health problems. However, the existing literature presents mixed results indicating both significant and insignificant effects of smartphone-delivered interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the impact of smartphone-delivered ABMT on attentional bias and symptoms of mental health problems. Specifically, we examined different design approaches and methods of administration, focusing on common mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression, and design elements, including gamification and stimulus types.

METHODS

Our search spanned from 2014 to 2023 and encompassed 4 major databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus. Study selection, data extraction, and critical appraisal were performed independently by 3 authors using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. When necessary, we pooled the standardized mean difference with a 95% CI. In addition, we conducted sensitivity, subgroup, and meta-regression analyses to explore moderator variables of active and placebo ABMT interventions on reducing symptoms of mental health problems and attentional bias.

RESULTS

Our review included 12 papers, involving a total of 24,503 participants, and we were able to conduct a meta-analysis on 20 different study samples from 11 papers. Active ABMT exhibited an effect size (Hedges g) of –0.18 (P=.03) in reducing symptoms of mental health problems, while the overall effect remained significant. Similarly, placebo ABMT showed an effect size of –0.38 (P=.008) in reducing symptoms of mental health problems. In addition, active ABMT (Hedges g –0.17; P=.004) had significant effects on reducing attentional bias, while placebo ABMT did not significantly alter attentional bias (Hedges g –0.04; P=.66).

CONCLUSIONS

Our understanding of smartphone-delivered ABMT’s potential highlights the value of both active and placebo interventions in mental health care. The insights from the moderator analysis also showed that tailoring smartphone-delivered ABMT interventions to specific threat stimuli and considering exposure duration are crucial for optimizing their efficacy. This research underscores the need for personalized approaches in ABMT to effectively reduce attentional bias and symptoms of mental health problems.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42023460749; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=460749
The Accuracy and Capability of Artificial Intelligence Solutions in Health Care Examinations and Certificates: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Waldock William J , Zhang Joe , Guni Ahmad , Nabeel Ahmad , Darzi Ara , Ashrafian Hutan
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Large language models (LLMs) have dominated public interest due to their apparent capability to accurately replicate learned knowledge in narrative text. However, there is a lack of clarity about the accuracy and capability standards of LLMs in health care examinations.

OBJECTIVE

We conducted a systematic review of LLM accuracy, as tested under health care examination conditions, as compared to known human performance standards.

METHODS

We quantified the accuracy of LLMs in responding to health care examination questions and evaluated the consistency and quality of study reporting. The search included all papers up until September 10, 2023, with all LLMs published in English journals that report clear LLM accuracy standards. The exclusion criteria were as follows: the assessment was not a health care exam, there was no LLM, there was no evaluation of comparable success accuracy, and the literature was not original research.The literature search included the following Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used in all possible combinations: “artificial intelligence,” “ChatGPT,” “GPT,” “LLM,” “large language model,” “machine learning,” “neural network,” “Generative Pre-trained Transformer,” “Generative Transformer,” “Generative Language Model,” “Generative Model,” “medical exam,” “healthcare exam,” and “clinical exam.” Sensitivity, accuracy, and precision data were extracted, including relevant CIs.

RESULTS

The search identified 1673 relevant citations. After removing duplicate results, 1268 (75.8%) papers were screened for titles and abstracts, and 32 (2.5%) studies were included for full-text review. Our meta-analysis suggested that LLMs are able to perform with an overall medical examination accuracy of 0.61 (CI 0.58-0.64) and a United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) accuracy of 0.51 (CI 0.46-0.56), while Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) can perform with an overall medical examination accuracy of 0.64 (CI 0.6-0.67).

CONCLUSIONS

LLMs offer promise to remediate health care demand and staffing challenges by providing accurate and efficient context-specific information to critical decision makers. For policy and deployment decisions about LLMs to advance health care, we proposed a new framework called RUBRICC (Regulatory, Usability, Bias, Reliability [Evidence and Safety], Interoperability, Cost, and Codesign–Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement [PPIE]). This presents a valuable opportunity to direct the clinical commissioning of new LLM capabilities into health services, while respecting patient safety considerations.

CLINICALTRIAL

OSF Registries osf.io/xqzkw; https://osf.io/xqzkw
Unemployment, Economic Growth, and Government Expenditure in West Java: Perspectives from Dynamic Panel Model
Authors: Vikia Yahya Mahda , Prasetyo Farhan Hadi , Sa’adah Syifa
Published: January 2024

The state plays a vital role in unemployment alleviation because the problem of unemployment can have serious economic, social, and political repercussions. West Java Province has had the highest unemployment rate in Indonesia in recent years. This study aims to determine and examine how the economic growth rate, government expenditure, labor force, and human development competence can affect the open unemployment rate in West Java Province in 2018-2022. The data used is panel data from 27 regencies/cities in West Java Province. The results showed that the economic growth rate has a negative relationship in the short and long term and directly validates the Okun Law in West Java. Government expenditure and HDI have a positive relationship to unemployment in the long run. The labor force has a negative relationship with unemployment in the short and long run. Thus, local governments need to address the availability of jobs through fiscal policy through effective and appropriate government expenditure. In addition, consider investment policies in works to overcome employment. However, when labor-intensive investment policies are implemented, it is essential to improve the skills of human resources through the Job Training Center (BLK).
Principales componentes bioactivos y propiedades terapéuticas del veneno de abeja (Apis mellifera L.). Revisión
Authors: Alcalá-Escamilla Karla Itzél , Moguel-Ordóñez Yolanda Beatriz
Published: January 2024

El veneno de abeja melífera (VAM) es una secreción producida por las hembras de Apis mellifera L y es su mecanismo de defensa especializado para protección de la colonia. Entre los componentes químicos, se encuentran algunos compuestos bioactivos a los que se les atribuyen diversas propiedades biológicas. Ha sido utilizado con fines terapéuticos de manera complementaria o alternativa a los métodos tradicionales para diversas afecciones de la salud; sin embargo, la aplicación del VAM siempre implica un riesgo para el individuo debido a que existe la posibilidad de presentar efectos desfavorables. Actualmente los trabajos de investigación relacionado con VAM son incipientes; debido a esto, el presente trabajo presenta una revisión de los trabajos relacionados con la composición química, compuestos bioactivos y sus propiedades biológicas.
Основные подходы к оценке эффективности корпоративной интеграции предприятий инвестиционно-строительного комплекса
Authors: Беляков Сергей Игоревич
Published: January 2024

Важную роль в рамках управленческой деятельности традиционно выполняет функциональный блок оценки эффективности (в более широком смысле — результативности), определяющий подходы как к обоснованию управленческих решений, так и к их оценке. Современная российская и общемировая практика инвестиционно-строительной деятельности демонстрирует устойчивые тенденции к развитию разнообразных форм корпоративных объединений различных субъектов. Корпоративная интеграция в существенной мере может способствовать повышению устойчивости и эффективности функционирования субъектов, в том числе за счет синергетических эффектов интеграции. Понимание результативности деятельности организации в современном менеджменте значительно расширяется и не ограничивается только измерением достижения результата как части эффективности, а становится более системным и обобщающим понятием. Исходя из этого результативность деятельности может быть определена как комплексная многопараметрическая характеристика, отражающая способность организации достигать сбалансированных стратегических и тактических результатов, удовлетворяющих интересам и требованиям заинтересованных субъектов, с позиции повышения экономической эффективности, улучшения качества менеджмента, создания добавленной ценности, повышения конкурентоспособности организации в целях ее устойчивого развития. Проведенное автором исследование современных методологических подходов к определению результативности экономических систем в целом и субъектов инвестиционно-строительной деятельности в частности позволило выделить основные подходы к оценке эффективности корпоративной интеграции в инвестиционно-строительном комплексе в зависимости от превалирующих критериальных принципов и целевых векторов формирования эффективности как составляющей интегральной категории — результативности деятельности. Применение данной системы подходов в практике решения задач управления и оценки эффективности корпоративных структур может расширять трактовку эффективности и способствовать развитию управленческого инструментария.
Кластер как элемент стратегии реализации инвестиционно-строительных проектов в сфере индивидуального жилищного строительства
Authors: Ефимов Константин Владимирович
Published: January 2024

В статье описан один из путей решения проблемы доступности жилья для регионов, где преобладает индивидуальное жилищное строительство. Согласно Национальному проекту «Жилье и городская среда», к 2030 г. ежегодный ввод жилья в стране должен составлять до 120 млн м2, из которых больше трети должно приходиться на индивидуальное жилищное строительство. Статистика показывает, что 68 % российских семей считают индивидуальный дом наиболее предпочтительным видом жилья. Переход на кластерную систему освоения территорий направлен на повышение эффективности и конкурентоспособности проектов в сфере индивидуального жилищного строительства. Идеология проектов кластерного освоения территорий предполагает создание общей социальной среды для всех жителей поселка, основной целью которой является: развитие коммерческой и социальной инфраструктуры внутри кластера. Основным примером такого подхода является инфраструктурный узел, расположенный внутри малоэтажной застройки. В рамках этого подхода несколько небольших поселков собраны вокруг одного ядра, внутри которого расположена коммерческая и социальная инфраструктура. Концепция кластерного освоения территорий позволит оптимизировать расходы на развитие инфраструктуры не только одного отдельно взятого поселения, но и будет способствовать развитию всей территории. Предполагается, что в будущем схема кластерного освоения территорий станет основным принципом девелопмента загородной недвижимости. Еще одним косвенным преимуществом кластерного освоения территорий является возможность для застройщика применять дополнительные методы по повышению рентабельности своих проектов. Наиболее распространенные из них — продажа готовых домов с отделкой, благоустройством, мебелью и дополнительными опциями. Так как в результате образования кластера формируется общее имущество, для управления которым нужна управляющая компания, для управления кластером индивидуального жилищного строительства (ИЖС) можно привлечь специализированную управляющую компанию, которая помимо основных услуг будет оказывать дополнительные услуги по содержанию приусадебных участков. Переход на кластерную схему освоения территорий позволит значительно повысить качество жизни людей, рассматривающих ИЖС как место для постоянного проживания.
Translingual Theory: Steven Kellman’s Studies
Authors: Ovcherenko Uliana V. , Tokareva Nadezhda A.
Published: January 2024

In the modern world under the conditions of globalization, interest in the phenomenon of transcultural text is steadily increasing. Familiar terms of monoculture become irrelevant for describing modern cultural phenomena, in this connection we found that the term “bilingual” is insufficient, not fully reflecting the essence of the processes occurring in the writer’s thinking and literary text. We concluded that the term “translingual” is the most preferable and succinct. It includes the notion of a mutually enriching dialog of cultures, not just a nominal distinction of languages. The study of various approaches to the research of the process of transculturation, which is most vividly reflected in translingual literature, is conditioned by the need to expand the paradigm from which the literary bi-, poly- and translingual experience of the Russian-speaking world is to be considered. This unique phenomenon cannot be studied only within the framework of the narratives of the new age that has established itself in Europe, or exclusively in the logic of European modernity. If we set a task to find scientific works on transculturalism or translingual literature in Russian, we will encounter a negligible number of them. However, the reason for this will not be the lack of researchers’ interest in the subject of study, but it will be due to a difference in wording. The fact is that the term “transcultural literature” has not yet taken root on the territory of, for example, the post-Soviet space: the term “bilingual” literature is more often used to designate the subject of study. That is why in this article we will first outline the boundaries and define the essence of the research: we will consider the term “bilingualism”, its types, the relevance of this concept in the modern world in general and in the post-Soviet space in particular, compare it with the term “transculturality”, etc.; then we will prove why the term “translingual” has certain and obvious advantages over the term “bilingual”, and after that we will turn to the figure of Stephen Kellman as an apologist of the theory of transcultural literature. Within the framework of this paper we will analyze some of the scientific works of Russian-speaking researchers who write articles, monographs devoted to this topic.
Methodological derivation of the eikonal equation
Authors: Fedorov Arseny V. , Stepa Christina A. , Korolkova Anna V. , Gevorkyan Migran N. , Kulyabov Dmitry S.
Published: January 2024

Usually, when working with the eikonal equation, reference is made to its derivation in the monograph by Born and Wolf. The derivation of this equation was done rather carelessly. Understanding this derivation requires a certain number of implicit assumptions. For a better understanding of the eikonal approximation and for methodological purposes, the authors decided to repeat the derivation of the eikonal equation, explicating all possible assumptions. Methodically, the following algorithm for deriving the eikonal equation is proposed. The wave equation is derived from Maxwell’s equation. In this case, all conditions are explicitly introduced under which it is possible to do this. Further, from the wave equation, the transition to the Helmholtz equation is carried out. From the Helmholtz equation, with the application of certain assumptions, a transition is made to the eikonal equation. After analyzing all the assumptions and steps, the transition from the Maxwell’s equations to the eikonal equation is actually implemented. When deriving the eikonal equation, several formalisms are used. The standard formalism of vector analysis is used as the first formalism. Maxwell’s equations and the eikonal equation are written as three-dimensional vectors. After that, both the Maxwell’s equations and the eikonal equation use the covariant 4-dimensional formalism. The result of the work is a methodically consistent description of the eikonal equation.
Alfabetização: atuação docente e desafios no ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Sibelly Soares Mendes Andrezza , Cavalcanti dos Santos Adriana
Published: January 2024

Este artigo consiste em um recorte do projeto de pesquisa “Alfabetização em Alagoas no tempo/espaço do Ensino Remoto Emergencial: cenários e discursos” (SANTOS, 2020), que  definiu por objetivo geral investigar a alfabetização no tempo/espaço do ensino remoto emergencial (ERE) em Alagoas na/pós pandemia com foco nos cenários político-pedagógicos e nos discursos de professores alfabetizadores. Foram analisados os dados quantitativos coletados nos municípios de Maceió e Arapiraca, ambos localizados no Estado de Alagoas. Os resultados indicam que a maioria dos docentes que participaram da pesquisa intervieram no ERE em turmas de alfabetização. Ademais, percebe-se que para os respondentes, as aulas remotas podem ser consideradas como uma solução de meio termo, indicando também que tiveram uma preparação razoável para o ERE. Os desafios englobam as dificuldades em conseguir fazer com que os alunos participassem das aulas. Referente às alternativas didáticas, os dados mostram que foram usadas diversas estratégias e plataformas digitais, constatando que a maioria dos docentes dispunha de acesso à internet e às ferramentas tecnológicas.
Dinapenia está associada a autopercepção de saúde negativa em pessoas idosas
Authors: Trindade Santos Kleyton , Fernandes Marcos Henrique , Alves Brito Thaís , Rocha de Sousa Halison Antony , Oliveira Carneiro José Ailton
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: verificar a associação entre dinapenia e autopercepção de saúde em pessoas idosas residentes em comunidade. Métodos: estudo com delineamento transversal, realizado com 286 pessoas idosas, de ambos os sexos, residentes em comunidade. A autopercepção de saúde foi definida como variável dependente, e foi classificada em positiva, regular e negativa. A variável independente do estudo foi a dinapenia, verificada por meio do teste de força de preensão manual, de acordo com índice de massa corporal e sexo. Resultados: a prevalência de dinapenia foi de 28,7%. Foi possível verificar que 9,8% das pessoas idosas apresentavam uma autopercepção de saúde negativa. A dinapenia esteve associada de forma significativa a autopercepção de saúde negativa (OR: 3,05; IC: 1,31-7,08; p=0,010), aumentando em 3 vezes a chance da pessoa idosa  se autodeclarar com uma saúde negativa se comparado as pessoas os idosas não dinapênicas (p=0,010). Conclusão: a presença de dinapenia estar associada a uma autopercepção de saúde negativa na pessoa idosa.
How to improve landscape sustainability?
Authors: Šťastná Milada , Dufková Jana , Toman Frantisek
Published: January 2024

Almost every professional sector has embarked on the move toward sustainability. European landscapes are facing rapid changes in land use, where understanding and management of this process is essential. Sustainability has become a widely acknowledged dimension of huma actions, but still little stress is put on education in sustainability. This paper identifies focus of education, gives suggestions for improvements and presents a new tool for education and training in sustainable land use – “Route Planner”. As results, it provides all users with new interesting facts on sustainability in the European Union and additional materials related to sustainable land use and Sustainability Impact Assessments (SIA). Users got the access to updated information regarding approximately 3000 courses on offer in this topic area throughout the European Union as well as case studies to compare sustainability practices in these countries in comparison to other parts of the world. Furthermore the end result of the information chain also leads the user to a collection of links such as interesting websites and further reading in the topic area
Comparing development sustainability in Belarus, Poland and Ukraine with special respect to rural areas
Authors: Manteuffel-Szoege Henryk
Published: January 2024

A comparison of environmental sustainability in Belarus, Poland and Ukraine using the Environmental Sustainability Index calculated by the Centre for Environmental Law and Policy of Yale University shows a significant advantage of Belarus over Poland and Ukraine while a slight advantage of Poland over Ukraine. Belarus with ESI score of 52.8 points ranked 47, Ukraine with 44.7 points ranked 108 while Poland with 45.0 points ranked 102 among the 146 classified countries of the world. The state of natural environment in Belarus and Ukraine seems to be much better, while Poland has a distictive advantage with respect to the institutional issues in environmental management. All three countries have roughly similar impact on global environment, of a predominantly negative nature, with Belarus qualifying somewhat better in this respect.
Płatności bezpośrednie jako forma wsparcia dochodów gospodarstw rolniczych w Polsce po integracji z Unią Europejską
Authors: Chmielewska Barbara
Published: January 2024

Jedną z podstawowych form wsparcia dochodów rolniczych w Polsce po integracji z UE są dopłaty bezpośrednie. Korzysta z niej około 72-76% uprawnionych gospodarstw (powyżej 1 ha). Liczba złożonych wniosków o dopłaty w stosunku do liczby zarejestrowanych producentów wynosi 80-85%. Jeszcze znaczna liczba gospodarstw rolnych powyżej 1 ha pozostaje poza tą formą finansowego wsparcia. Przeciętne gospodarstwo rolne otrzymało w 2004 i 2005 roku po około 4 600 zł dopłat (razem JPO i UPO), a w przeliczeniu na 1 ha użytków rolnych 400-500 zł, natomiast w przeliczeniu na 1 osobę w 5-cio hektarowym gospodarstwie rolniczym od 20 do 45,5 zł miesięcznie. Nie są więc to kwoty stanowiące znaczący dodatek do budżetu rodzinnego. Nie wszyscy rolnicy w jednakowym stopniu skorzystali z dopłat. Było to skorelowane głównie z obszarem gospodarstwa oraz rodzajem i strukturą upraw. Faktycznie najmniej zyskiwały te gospodarstwa, których w Polsce jest najwięcej, a więc małe, 1-5-hektarowe. Podobna jest sytuacja w UE, gdzie 50% gospodarstw dostaje zaledwie 3,0% dotacji, zaś 2,2% rolników otrzymuje 30% całej ich puli
Powiązania cen wieprzowiny pomiędzy rynkiem polskim, duńskim i niemieckim
Authors: Hamulczuk Mariusz
Published: January 2024

Celem badań była próba oceny powiązań cen wieprzowiny pomiędzy rynkiem polskim, duńskimi niemieckim. Analizę przeprowadzono w oparciu o miesięczne informacje o poziomie cen z okresu odstycznia 1995 do maja 2007 roku. Przedstawione wyniki badań wskazują, że istnieją zarówno krótko-, jak idługookresowe powiązania w kształtowaniu się cen między analizowanymi rynkami
Kierunki zmian w polskim handlu zagranicznym artykułami rolno-spożywczymi
Authors: Stańko Stanisław , Stańko Aneta
Published: January 2024

Przystąpienie Polski do Unii Europejskiej spowodowało zmiany w handlu zagranicznymartykułami rolno-spożywczymi. Rok akcesji zapoczątkował dynamiczny wzrost wymianyzagranicznej, a kraje Unii Europejskiej stały się głównym partnerem handlowym w wymianie wieluproduktów..
Franchising jako forma prowadzenia działalności w agrobiznesie (w świetle opinii rolników)
Authors: Goszka Witold , Zielak Karol
Published: January 2024

Artykuł omawia podstawowe aspekty systemu franczyzy w kontekście wykorzystania tejformy działalnosci w agrobiznesie. Badania wykazały, że rolnicy, choć nie znają tej specyficznejformy współpracy jaką jest franczyza, wierzą, że można mieć pomysł na sukces finansowy wgospodarstwie rolnym oraz można być właścicielem takiego pomysłu. Najchętniej inwestowaliby wprodukcję zwierzęcą i działalność handlowo-usługową. Nie wykazują natomiast chęci dopodporządkowania się ścisłym procedurom narzuconym w ramach współpracy
Finansowanie ochrony środowiska w Polsce ze źródeł europejskich w aspekcie okresu programowania 2007-2013
Authors: Karpińska Joanna
Published: January 2024

Opracowanie zawiera porównanie możliwości finansowania ochrony środowiska w Polsceze źródeł europejskich w aspekcie okresu programowania 2007-2013 z dotychczasową realizacją wlatach 2004-2006. Szczególnie uwzględniono szanse realizacji polityki ekologicznej państwa woparciu o Regionalne Programy Operacyjne oraz Program Operacyjny Infrastruktura i Środowisko.Zaprezentowano również wpływ postanowień akcesyjnych na poziom inwestycji w ochronieśrodowiska.
Zjawisko naruszania własności intelektualnej jako przejaw„ekonomizacji” zachowań młodych pracowników naukowychWydziału Ekonomiki i Organizacji Gospodarki ŻywnościowejAkademii Rolniczej w Szczecinie
Authors: Kowalczyk-Kassyk Agnieszka
Published: January 2024

W artykule przedstawiono kompleksowa teoretyczną analizę zjawiska naruszania własnościintelektualnej przez młodych pracowników naukowych Wydziału Ekonomiki i OrganizacjiGospodarki Żywnościowej Akademii Rolniczej w Szczecinie. W opracowaniu zaprezentowano takżewybrane wyniki badań dotyczących wspomnianego zagadnienia
Preferencje dla różnych podstaw naliczania płatności (dopłat)bezpośrednich w zależności od zasobów, organizacji i efektów działalności gospodarstw rolniczych (na przykładzie środkowowschodniej Polski)
Authors: Łęczycki Kazimierz
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu podjęto próbę określenia wpływu wybranych cech charakteryzujących gospodarstwa rolnicze na preferencję co do podstawy naliczania płatności bezpośrednich do rpolnictwa. Dopłaty bezpośrednie do wielkości produkcji preferowane były przez gospodarstwa, które charakteryzowały: większa powierzchnia użytków rolnych i wartości środków trwałych, wiek kierownika poniżej 46 lat, lepsze wykształcenie oraz większa produkcja końcowa netto na gospodarstwo.
Lasy prywatne jako czynnik rozwoju obszarów wiejskich
Authors: Płotkowski Lech
Published: January 2024

Pokazany jest udział prywatnej gospodarki leśnej w całości gospodarki leśnej w Polsce, w odniesieniu do powierzchni i produkcji. Jako przyszłościowy model organizacji prywatnego leśnictwa w Polsce proponowane jest utworzenie zrzeszenia prywatnych właścicieli lasów, które służyłoby członkom doradztwem technicznym i handlowym oraz negocjowało ceny drzewa na różnych poziomach
Smooth squared, triangular, and hexagonal bargraphs
Authors: Mansour Toufik
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we find an explicit formula for the generating function for
the number of smooth squared (triangular, hexagonal) bargraphs according to
the perimeter and number of columns. In particular, we show that the number
of smooth squared, triangular, and hexagonal bargraphs with perimeter 2n
(resp. n, 2n) is asymptotic to csr1?ns/??n3 (resp. ctr1?nt/??n3, ch/??n3?2n+2 ), where rs = 1+ 3?181+24?78/12 ? 23/12 3?181+24?78, rt
is the smallest positive root of the polynomial
p16?2p14+p12?2p11?2p10+2p9+4p8?5p6?2p5+p4?2p3?2p2+1 and cs, ct are two
constants, as n ? ?.
Optimal Dose and Type of Physical Activity to Improve Glycemic Control in People Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Gallardo-Gómez Daniel , Salazar-Martínez Eduardo , Alfonso-Rosa Rosa M. , Ramos-Munell Javier , del Pozo-Cruz Jesús , del Pozo Cruz Borja , Álvarez-Barbosa Francisco
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

The optimal dose or type of physical activity to control glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in people with diabetes remains unknown. Current guidelines do not include consideration of baseline HbA1c for activity prescription.

PURPOSE

To examine the dose-response relationship between physical activity and HbA1c (%) in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

DATA SOURCES

A systematic search was performed in Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science.

STUDY SELECTION

We included trials that involved participants diagnosed with type 2 diabetes that included any type of physical activity as intervention.

DATA EXTRACTION

Pre- and postintervention HbA1c data, population and interventions characteristics, and descriptive statistics were collected to calculate change scores for each study arm.

DATA SYNTHESIS

We used Bayesian random-effects meta-analyses to summarize high-quality evidence from 126 studies (6,718 participants). The optimal physical activity dose was 1,100 MET min/week, resulting in HbA1c reductions, ranging from −1.02% to −0.66% in severe uncontrolled diabetes, from −0.64% to −0.49% in uncontrolled diabetes, from −0.47% to −0.40% in controlled diabetes, and from −0.38% to −0.24% in prediabetes.

LIMITATIONS

The time required to achieve these HbA1c reductions could not be estimated due to the heterogeneity between interventions’ duration and protocols and the interpersonal variability of this outcome.

CONCLUSIONS

The result of this meta-analysis provide key information about the optimal weekly dose of physical activity for people with diabetes with consideration of baseline HbA1c level, and the effectiveness of different types of active interventions. These results enable clinicians to prescribe tailored physical activity programs for this population.
Activity-restriction only as treatment yields positive outcomes in pediatric spinal compression fractures: a prospective study of 47 patients at medium-term follow-up
Authors: Belov Sofia , Grahn Petra , Kivisaari Reetta , Helenius Ilkka , Ahonen Matti
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes, radiographic results, and health-related quality of life in pediatric AO type A1 spinal compression fractures treated with activity-restriction only.Patients and methods: All children between 2014 and 2020 with an AO type A1 spinal compression fracture treated with activity-restriction only identified from an institutional fracture registry were invited to a prospective outcomes study. Clinical findings and spinal radiographs were assessed at median 3 years, interquartile range (IQR) 1–4 follow-up from injury. Oswestry Disability Index, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scale (PedsQL), and PedsQL Pediatric Pain Questionnaire were compared with reference values. 63 children were identified, of whom 47 agreed to participate. 8 were polytrauma patients.Results: Age at injury was median 11 (IQR 9–14) years. The number of injured vertebrae was median 2 (IQR 1–3). 82% (94 of 115) were thoracic vertebrae fractures and 70% (33 of 47) of the patients had thoracic vertebrae fractures only. At follow-up all but 2 fractures showed radiographic remodeling. There was no difference from the published reference values in the patient-reported outcome measures. A lower PedsQL physical functioning score was associated with higher patient-reported pain (P = 0.03). At follow-up 12 patients had hyperkyphosis (median difference from the reference values 4°, IQR 3–6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3–6) and 5 hypolordosis (median difference from reference 8°, IQR 4–11, CI 4–14). None of the patients had surgery for deformity during follow-up.Conclusion: Clinical, radiographic, and health-related quality of life outcomes were good after activity-restriction treatment in pediatric A1 spinal compression fractures.
Assessment of the sacroiliac joint with computed tomography motion analysis: a diagnostic study of 12 patients
Authors: Olivecrona Grim , Gordon Murkes Lena , Olivecrona Henrik , Gerdhem Paul
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Pain in the sacroiliac joint may be caused by abnormal joint motion. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical tests. The aims of this study were to examine whether low-dose computed tomography with provocation of the hip could detect sacroiliac joint motion, and to study whether provocation of the hip results in greater sacroiliac joint motion in the ipsilateral than in the contralateral sacroiliac joint.Patients and methods: 12 patients with sacroiliac joint pain were examined with low-dose computed tomography scans of the sacroiliac joint, one with the hips in the neutral position, and one each in provocation with the left or the right hip in a figure-of-4 position. Accuracy was tested by comparing internal rotation of the sacrum with internal rotation in the sacroiliac joint. Motion in the sacroiliac joint was assessed by comparing the position of each of the ilia with the reference, the sacrum. Data is shown as mean with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: We observed greater motion in the sacroiliac joint than internally in the sacrum, i.e., 0.57° (CI 0.43–0.71) vs. 0.20° (CI 0.11–0.28). The motion of the geometric center of the moving object for the sacroiliac joint was larger on the provoked side; mean difference 0.17 mm (CI 0.01–0.33), P = 0.04. Corresponding figures for rotation were mean difference 0.19° (CI 0.10–0.28), P < 0.001. Compared with the sacrum, the largest motion was seen at the anterior superior iliac spine; mean difference 0.38 mm (CI 0.10–0.66), P = 0.001.Conclusion: Provocation in the figure-of-4 position of the hip results in sacroiliac joint motion measurable with computed tomography motion analysis. Provocation of the hip induces larger motion on the ipsilateral than on the contralateral sacroiliac joint.
Om forskerroller og metodevalg i oppdragsforskningen
Authors: Tellmann Silje Maria
Published: January 2024

Commissioned research is a valuable source of research-based knowledge in the central administration. However, commissioned research differs from other research in that commissioners can add detailed guidelines for what types of methods and data the commissioned projects are to be based on. What expectations do commissioners establish for commissioned research, and how should researchers respond to these expectations? In this chapter, I demonstrate how the various goals that commissioned research serves in the larger political-administrative system may contribute to different methodological expectations for commissioned research. I start from two defined policy areas: the field of work inclusion and the field of integration. While there are greater expectations that the research should demonstrate “what works” in the field of work inclusion so that the outcomes can be scaled up and applied to the entire NAV system, there is more interest in how research can contribute to the dissemination of knowledge and inspiration for autonomous municipalities in the field of integration. This means that the researcher is assigned different roles in the system they enter and must deal with different audiences that are to be addressed during the research process.
Customer Satisfaction Role in Mediating the Influence of Service Quality and Promotional Appeal on Electronic Word of Mouth
Authors: Pratama Putu Dio Artha , Suprapti Ni Wayan Sri
Published: January 2024

The rapid development of technology has a role in the relationship between business owners and customers. This is shown by the many messages in the form of reviews or recommendations submitted by customers via the internet or also called Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM). This study aims to analyze the role of customer satisfaction in mediating the effect of service quality and promotional attractiveness on electronic word of mouth. The population in this study consists of GoFood service users on the GoJek application in Bali represented by three regencies and one city, and the exact number cannot be mentioned or calculated (unlimited). The sampling method used in this study was purposive sampling. In this study, inferential statistics used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires in the form of Google Forms distributed through social media. The results showed that the quality of service and the attractiveness of promotions had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. The quality of service has a positive and significant effect on electronic word of mouth, while the attractiveness of promotion does not have a significant effect on electronic word of mouth. Customer Satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on Electronic Word of Mouth. Customer satisfaction partially mediates the effect of service quality on electronic word of mouth and fully mediates the effect of promotional attractiveness on electronic word of mouth. The implication of the results of this study is the importance of attention to service quality and promotional attractiveness in an effort to increase customer satisfaction and E-WOM.
Identification of Science Misconceptions Using Two-Tier Multiple Choice for Elementary School Grade IV Students
Authors: Sadevi Rista Ayu , Sayekti Ika Candra
Published: January 2024

This study aims to identify the level of science misconceptions about plant parts and their function in fourth-grade students of Batumarta Public Elementary School. This study uses descriptive research with the quantitative method. The research was conducted at Batumarta Public Elementary School. The sampling using a saturated sampling technique. The sample of this study consisted of 28 students. The data collection instrument used two-tier multiple-choice questions that had previously been tested for construct validation with biologists, other lecturers, or supervisors. The data analysis technique uses data grouping and data interpretation. This misconception will be identified using a diagnostic test with a research instrument in the form of two-tier multiple-choice questions. Based on the results of the study, it was found that students who experienced misconceptions in the material of plant parts and their functions in the category of knowing concepts as much as 16.42%, students in the category of pure misconceptions as much as 18.03%, student category of misconceptions guessing as much as 15.88%, and students in the category of not understanding as much as 49.63%. the conclusion was that the students of Batumarta Public Elementary School experienced misconceptions in the very low category, namely as much as 18.03%.
Islamic Elementary School Teachers’ Uncertainty on Distance Learning
Authors: Dewi Nanda Rachma Kusuma , Palupi Palupi
Published: January 2024

Various obstacles were encountered by teachers during distance learning when covid-19 pandemi hit. Online teaching has become tough challenge for the forest edge villages’ school teachers in Madiun regency, Indonesia. Online teaching obstacles were also felt by the first-grade teachers at Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah Plus Al-Makmun (MI Plus Al-Makmun) which caused uncertainty. This study aims to examine the types of the teachers’ uncertainty and their uncertainty reduction strategies using uncertainty reduction theory. Descriptive qualitative method was used in this study and in-depth interview was conducted to gather data. The results of this study indicate that there are two types of uncertainty felt by the informants, the first is cognitive which is related to difficulties in understanding their students’ character and their insecurity about students’ understanding of school lessons, and the second is behavioral uncertainty which is related to how students respond and behave in learning process.  Meanwhile, the teachers’ uncertainty reduction strategy are (1) passive strategies through secret observation, (2) active strategies by seeking information through parents and fellow teachers, and (3) interactive strategies by communicating directly with students
GREEN PROMOTION TO REPURCHASE INTENTION MEDIATION GREEN PACKAGING
Authors: Hidayati Nur , Aprilia Dian Evasari Aprilia Dian Evasari , Yani Ahmad
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze the effect of green promotion on repurchase intention mediated by green packaging directly or indirectly in Kediri City SMEs that apply green packaging. The population in this research is all Kediri City MSME consumers who implement green packaging. The sample in this study used purposive sampling of 80 people. The approach used inthis research is a causal approach. The data collection technique in this research uses a questionnaire technique. Data analysis techniques in this study used a quantitative approach using statistical analysis using Outer Model Analysis, Inner Model Analysis, and Hypothesis Testing. Data processing in this research uses the PLS (Partial Least Square) software program. The results of this study prove that directly green packaging and green promotion have a significant effect on repurchase intention, green promotion has a significant effect on green packaging, and indirectly green packaging is able to mediatethe effect of green promotion on repurchase intention in MSMEs in Kediri City.
IMPLEMENTATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN KEDUNGWARU VILLAGE, TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Wahyudi M. Adi Trisna , Styawan Hardika Prayudi , Jatmiko Udik
Published: January 2024

The problem in this study is the measurement of the performance of the village government's financial statements in Kedungwaru Tulungagung in managing the village income and expenditure budget by focusing on financial performance analysis based on Permendagri No. 113 of 2014. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, using primary data sourced from APBDes from the period 2019-2021. The data analysis technique in this research is using trend analysis. The results of this study explain that financial reporting performance in terms of independence is in a constructive category, meaning that the intervention of the central, provincial and district governments has decreased because the village government is quite capable of managing its local autonomy. The results are obtained from the effectiveness of village finances that meet the criteria required by Permendagri No. 113 of 2014. Financial efficiency in the inefficient category exceeds the standard provisions of above 60%. Operational expenditure obtained by the average operating expenditure issued by the Village Government is appropriate. The growth of financial income obtained on average has fulfilled the element of financial performance accountability, because it has been able to maintain and increase its growth from one period to the next.
FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AND JOB SATISFACTION PT.GLORIA MANDIRI SEJAHTERA
Authors: Purwati Astri Ayu , Sitompul Silvia Sari , Claudia Wilda
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of Mental Health, Incentives, Work Environment on Employee Performance and Job Satisfaction of PT Gloria Mandiri Sejahtera Pekanbaru. The population in this study were all employees of PT Gloria Mandiri Sejahtera Pekanbaru, which numbered 70 employees. Sampling using primary data selected based on certain criteria in accordance with the research objectives. Thus, the number of samples in this study were 70 respondents. The results of the research obtained by Mental Health has a significant effect on Employee Performance and has an effect on Job Satisfaction, Incentives have an effect on Employee Performance, Incentives have an insignificant effect on Job Satisfaction, Work Environment has an insignificant effect on Employee Performance and Work Environment has an insignificant effect on Job Satisfaction, Employee Performance has a significant effect on Job Satisfaction of PT. Gloria Mandiri Sejahtera Pekanbaru.
RECONSTRUCTION OF EMPOWERMENT-BASED MARKETING PERFORMANCE RECOVERY FOR MICRO AND SMALL BUSINESSES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Syairozi Muhamad Imam , Rozaini R. , Fattach An’im
Published: January 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has made most economic sectors, especially micro and small enterprises, stagnant and even bankrupt. This situation is what makes micro and small business enterprises change their sales strategy through digitalization schemes. The Covid-19 pandemic has indirectly prompted new changes in Indonesia's business style. Social media and marketplaces can become a new concept to make it easier for micro and small business actors to get more comprehensive marketing access. This study aims to initiate an ideal digital marketing adoption model for micro and small enterprise to restore economic conditions to their original state. The research method is an exploratory qualitative approach using primary data obtained from observations and interviews. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with the criteria of the sources being micro and small business actors assisted by the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs of Semarang, Surakarta, Grobogan, Pemalang, Purworejo. The flow of research analysis is data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results of this study indicate two alternative solution models, including training and startup development and training and scaleup development. The urgency of this research allows the government to carry out single submission online program management to minimize errors and monitor program progress. This solution model is expected to be a role model based on ta'awun (mutual relations) for other provincial governments in empowering micro and small business actors to become more optimal based on appropriate technology.
IMPLEMENTASI MAIL GATEWAY SECURITY DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEAMANAN EMAIL
Authors: Aklani Syaeful Anas , Haeruddin Haeruddin , Putri Novita
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan Mail Gateway Security pada perusahaan PT. Pundi Mas Berjaya. Email merupakan salah satu alat komunikasi utama di perusahaan, baik untuk internal maupun eksternal. Dalam konteks ini, email gateway security menjadi penting untuk melindungi informasi sensitif perusahaan. Ancaman seperti phising, yang mencuri informasi melalui email palsu, malware yang merusak sistem, dan spam yang mengganggu produktivitas, memerlukan perlindungan yang efektif. Penerapan metode Mail Gateway Security merupakan sebuah metode untuk memecahkan masalah dan dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC), meliputi tahapan Analisis yang melibatkan identifikasi ancaman dan risiko terhadap email server perusahaan, Desain melibatkan pengembangan topologi sistem mail gateway dengan memanfaatkan layanan Aktiva berbasis cloud, Implementasi dengan menambahkan reputasi email server dan mengkonfigurasikan mail server Zimbra. Hasilnya menunjukan peningkatan keamanan email perusahaan, pengurangan spam, dan kemudahan pemantauan aktivitas pengiriman email, dengan penerapan Mail Gateway Security berbasis cloud, perusahaan dapat melindungi data sensitif, menjaga reputasi, dan meningkatkan keberlanjutan bisnis di era digital yang penuh dengan ancaman cyber.