bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of fibreoptic bronchoscopy and CT guided FNAC in diagnostic evaluation of Non resolving Pneumonia with special emphasis on clinical outcome
Authors: Bhupendra Kumar Jain  , Pooja Sharma  , Ashok Bajpai  , Satish Motiwale  , Nikhilesh Pasari  , Deepika Patel
Published: January 2025

Background: Nonresolving pneumonia is a pneumonia with a delayed or slow resolution of radiographic infiltrates or clinical symptoms despite adequate treatment with antibiotics for a minimum period of 10 days. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and CT guided FNAC has a specific role in diagnosis of Non resolving pneumonia.
Aims and Objectives: To assess the diagnostic efficacy of fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and computed tomography (CT)- guided fi ne needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in evaluation of non-resolving or slowly resolving pneumonia with special emphasis on clinical outcome.
Material and Methods: The study was designed as a prospective observational study. We reviewed FOB in Sixty-five consecutive patients of Non-resolving pneumonia admitted under Respiratory Medicine unit of Sri aurobindo medical college and PG Institute Indore from June 2012 to May 2014. We also reviewed role of CT guided FNAC in selected case where FOB result was inconclusive.
Result: Out of total Sixty-five case of non resolving pneumonia, Fifty-two patient (81%) were diagnosed with the help of FOB and Eleven patients (91%) were diagnosed with help of CT guided FNAC out of Twelve patient subjected for procedure.
Conclusion: FOB should be the first option before CT-guided FNAC in evaluating non-resolving pneumonia. Both the procedures were safe and no major complication was observed.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i3.10727  
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(3) 2015 66-71
Coagulation disorder in moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries
Authors: Ajit Shrestha  , Ramesh Man Joshi  , Upendra P. Devkota
Published: January 2025

Background: Significant proportions of patients presenting with moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries are diagnosed as having coagulation disorder and subsequent secondary brain injury. We evaluated the incidence of coagulopathy in patient with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury in this study.
Methods: A prospective study of 100 patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury was carried out over a period of 2 years. Platelet count (PC), Bleeding time (BT), Clotting time (CT), Prothrombin time (PT), International Normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and Fibrin degradation product (FDP) were measured at the time of admission and 12 hourly for 7 days. Daily D-dimer evaluation for DIC was performed in those who had abnormal value in any one of these parameters. Coagulopathy was classified as collectively 3 abnormal parameters.
Results: Among the 100 patients, 43% had severe and 57% had moderate traumatic brain injury. Coagulopathy was detected in 63% of total patients; 76.7 % (33/43) among severe traumatic brain injury and 52.7 % (30/57) among moderate (p 0.013). Multivariate statistical analysis showed deranged FDP as a significant individual predictor of coagulopathy among others (p < 0.001, Odds ratio 166.25; 95% confidence interval 31.7 + 869.7).
Conclusion: Coagulopathy is common in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Evaluation of FDP can significantly predict coagulopathy in traumatic brain injury patients.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i3.10730
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(3) 2015 22-25
Insights of HBV Pathogenesis and Emerging Clinical Therapies for HBV Induced HCC Patients for a Better Prognostic Outcome
Authors: Reshmi Chatterjee  , Abhisek Mitra
Published: January 2025

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection is a global epidemic and a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Approximately, 400 million people with 1.5 million Americans are chronically infected with this virus and around 1 million deaths from HBV annually have been estimated. High serum viral load has been detected between 75-80% of HCC patients. Epidemiological studies revealed that there are geographical variations in the incidence rate of hepatitis B virus genotype and subgenotypes. Furthermore, HBV induced HCC has a direct correlation with the recurrent genomic integration of this virus and cross-talk of its oncogenic protein HBV x (HBx) with different cellular signaling pathways. With the help of an extensive pathological study, whole genome sequencing and molecular insights of HBV induced HCC patients, suitable medications providing high-genetic barrier to resistances are made available. These medications can prevent HCC by inhibiting viral replication, modulating the immune response or both. The evolution of drugs with superior efficacy and less toxicity are providing important tools for clinicians to reduce HBV related HCC. This review sheds new perspective on molecular insight of HBV life cycle and clinical updates to treat sustained virus infection and associated cancers.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11884
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 1-8
Strengthening adverse drug reaction reporting in Nepal
Authors: Nisha Jha  , Devendra Singh Rathore  , Pathiyil Ravi Shankar  , Sudesh Gyawali  , Mohamed Azmi Hassali  , Mohammed Alshakka  , Thamir M. Alshammri
Published: January 2025

Pharmacovigilance in Nepal is still in infancy. Till date only healthcare professionals are involved and the problem of underreporting is seen. The national pharmacovigilance centre is located in the national regulatory authority of Nepal, i.e. Department of Drug Administration (DDA). Lack of adequate human resources for managing the pharmacovigilance program in Nepal has been a limitation for the growth of pharmacovigilance activities. Currently, there is neither any involvement of community pharmacists in Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) reporting process nor any involvement of consumers for the same. This paper reviews the current status of pharmacovigilance and mentions possible benefits of involving consumers or patients in the existing pharmacovigilance program. A systematic review were conducted by searching different databases like PubMed, Google scholar, EMBASE, NepJOL, and Scopus. This study also describes the role of healthcare professionals in ADR reporting, possible reasons for underreporting of ADRs, regulatory perspectives and benefits of involving consumers in pharmacovigilance.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11659
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 9-13
Ghost cell odontogenic cyst : A rare case with literature review
Authors: B.N. Shivakumar  , Santhosh Reddy  , Barakha Nayak  , Nehal Rathore
Published: January 2025

Gorlin in 1962 described calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) for the first time as a separate entity. It is an odontogenic cyst with notable presence of histopathological features which contains a cystic lining demonstrating “Ghost” cells with a propensity to calcify. COC shows diversity of variants according to its clinical, histopathological & radiological characteristics. A case of calcifying odontogenic cyst is reported with its review of literature.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11586
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 83-86
A case of single ventricular heart, pulmonary atresia, patent ductus arteriosus, major aortopulmonary collateral arteries
Authors: Rema V Nair  , Velayudhan Nair  , RV Mookambika  , RG Mohandas Rao  , SN Somayaji
Published: January 2025

We report a case of multiple congenital anomalies in a female newborn infant, born to themother from a hill tribe. The Doppler echocardiography of the baby showed large atrial septaldefect amounting to single atrium, atretic left atrioventricular valve, large single right sidedventricle, aorta shifted to the left arising from single ventricle and diminutive hypoplasticleft ventricle. Right atrioventricular valve was normal forming single inlet into the ventricle.Pulmonary artery was small and hypoplastic and no antegrade fl ow was observed in it. Thepatient was diagnosed as having single ventricle, pulmonary atresia, patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) and major aortopulmonary collateral artery (MAPCA).
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.7660
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 96-98
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma: A Rare and unusual histological variant of prostatic carcinoma
Authors: Amit Gupta  , Bhavesh Chaddha  , Puneet Prakash  , Priya Pathak  , Neelam Wadhwa
Published: January 2025

Carcinosarcoma of Prostate also known as Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare biphasic malignancy with a malignant epithelial component (carcinomatous) and a malignant  mesenchymal component. We  report a case of this rare and unusual histological variant of  prostatic carcinoma. 
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i5.12336
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(5) 2015 69-70
Large optic disc melanocytoma: A rare entity
Authors: Priti Singh  , Devendra Partap Singh Rajput  , S.B. Gupta  , Rashmi Kumar
Published: January 2025

Optic disc melanocytoma is a deeply pigmented variant of benign melanocytic nevus thathas been confused with malignant melanoma. Optic disc melanocytomas are locally invasivebut are not known to undergo transformation into malignant melanoma. We present anunusual case of a melanocytoma of the optic disc that is a coincidental fi nding on routinefundus examination even though the size of the melanocytoma is quiet large around 2.5 DD(3.7 mm) in size (while usually mean tumour diameter is 2 mm only) Follow up should remainthe primary approach in the management of the patients with optic nerve melanocytomasas they are benign, as previously advocated by Zimmerman.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i5.11560
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(5) 2015 78-81
Placental malarial parasitaemia and pregnancy outcome among parturients in a tertiary hospital in South- South Nigeria
Authors: Godwin J Ibanga  , Aniekan M Abasiattai  , Emem A Bassey  , Michael Ukpe  , Olujimi A Olatunbosun  , Udeme Ekrikpo
Published: January 2025

Background: Malaria is the most common human parasitic disease and continues to be a complex and overwhelming global health problem, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Placental malaria, one of the major features of malaria in pregnancy has been associated with serious adverse health consequences to both the mother and her fetus.
Objective: This study sought to determine the prevalence of maternal, cord, and placental malarial parasitaemia at parturition, the association between maternal and placental parasitaemia, and also the association between placental parasitaemia and pregnancy outcomes.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to study 330 pregnant women selected by the systematic random sampling technique as they presented in the labour ward of University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo between April, 2012 and September, 2012. Pre-delivery, maternal peripheral blood was taken for malaria parasite (MP) and packed cell volume (PCV). Post delivery, cord blood was taken for MP and PCV estimation while placental blood was examined for MP. Neonatal demographic and clinical characteristics were also obtained. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 17. Level of statistical significance was set at P less than 0.05 (P < 0.05).
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 28.8 ± 4.4 years. The prevalence of maternal, cord, and placental parasitaemia were 30.3%, 14.8% and 18.2% respectively. There was a strong correlation between maternal parasitaemia and placental parasitaemia (rho = 0.75, P< 0.001). Also, a significant linear association between cord parasitaemia and placental malaria (rho = 0.87, p< 0.001) was found. Placental malaria predisposed to low birth weight (OR 1.01{95%CI 1.001 – 1.02}, p = 0.04) and fetal anaemia (OR 1.02{95%CI 1.01 – 1.03}, p < 0.001.
Conclusion: There is a relatively high prevalence of placental parasitaemia at parturition. Placental malaria is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight, fetal anaemia and cord parasitaemia. Proven strategies to prevent malaria in pregnancy such as use of ITNs and IPT and free antenatal care should be intensified to curb this deadly but preventable disease.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12401
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 53-59
Idiopathic hypokalemic periodic paralysis: A series of cases clustered in a part of Eastern India
Authors: Joydeep Mukherjee  , Durga Prasad Chakraborty  , Uma Sinharoy  , Shankar Prasad Saha
Published: January 2025

Background: Most of the studies on hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HOPP) in India and abroad had described secondary causes as the origin of the disease. We had observed a series of HOPP cases clustered within 40 kilometers around Bankura, a district town of West Bengal, Eastern India. The aim of our study was to probe into the clinical, biochemical and electrophysiological details of the cases, which were found to be idiopathic.
Material and Methods: 32 idiopathic HOPP cases, attending the neurology OPD or admitted in Bankura Sammilani Medical College & Hospital (BSMCH), were selected from October 2006 to May 2008. All the secondary causes of HOPP were excluded. The patients were evaluated and the data was analyzed.
Results: Cases were clustered within a 40-kilometer radius from Bankura town, location of BSMCH. Male: female = 4.3:1. Median age of onset was 23.5 years (4-50 years). Median number of attacks was 2.5, (1 to 70); duration 3 hours - 6 days, median 3 days. Strenous physical activity was most common precipitating factor. 25% had bulbar symptoms, 9.4% had bladder dysfunction and 46.9% had diminished to absent deep tendon reflexes. Mean serum potassium = 2.45 mEq/L (1.4 – 3.1 mEq/L).
Conclusion: We had observed a group of idiopathic HOPP cases within a relatively small area in a short span of time in contrast to most other Indian studies, where the share of idiopathic aetiology is comparatively smaller. This underscores the importance of a larger study with genetic analysis on the aetiology of the idiopathic HOPP in this area.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12482
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 83-87
Case report on Ewing's sarcoma with review of literature
Authors: Agrawal Sonam , Vanita C Rathod  , Pankaj Kumar Agrawal  , Swati Saluja
Published: January 2025

Ewings sarcoma is a highly malignant primary mesenchymal neoplasm of bone,which was first reported in 1921 by Ewing. The exact cell of origin of Ewing Sarcoma is not known it is generally believed that the lesion arises from either the endothelial cells of the blood vessels within the bone or from the undifferentiated reticulo-endothelial cell. Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) arises from mesenchymal stem cells that differentiates along neural cell lineage. Reports of Ewings sarcoma constitute about 10% of all malignant bone tumor. A  case of Ewings sarcoma in 10 year old male patient  is reported, who visited to Dept of Oral and Maxillo-facial Pathology in Rungta College of Dental Sciences And Research, with chief complaint of pain and swelling in right side of face since 1 month. Early diagnosis of this case helps in selecting the appropriate treatment procedure and to avoid further complication.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12283
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 88-92
Sex determination using mastoid process
Authors: Jigyasa Passey  , Suniti R Mishra  , Rahul Singh  , K Sushobhna  , Shailendra Singh  , Priyanka Sinha
Published: January 2025

Objective: Osteometric studies using individual bones have been a topic of interest among researchers. Such researches are a tool for conducting studies related to evolution, demographic profiles and forensic sciences. Skull is important in this regard as it resists adverse environmental conditions over time. The mastoid process can thus be used as a marker of sex as well as ancestry of individuals and populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of mastoid process as a tool for sex determination in unidentified skeleton.
Materials and Methods: 70 (44 male and 26 female) complete undamaged skulls of known sex were used for the study. Mastoid length was recorded on the right and left mastoid process in each skull. Measurements were made with a digital vernier caliper.
Results: Statistics revealed high significance (p<0.0001) for the mastoid length for sex determination.
Conclusion: Reports on the use of mastoid process as a tool for sex estimation in unidentified human skeleton have been reported in different populations. The present study supports this finding among the Indian population.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12406
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 93-95
T-SPOT. TB assay and tuberculin skin test for diagnosis and screening of tuberculosis: First report in a Sri lankan population
Authors: Champa N Ratnatunga  , Vasanthi Thevanesam  , Dushantha Madegedara  , Neranjan LA Dissanayake  , K.G.R Athula Kumara
Published: January 2025

Objective: Guidelines encourage evaluation of an Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) in the local setting, particularly in low/ middle income, Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccinated populations where the assays have shown variable utility. The TSPOT.TB assay and the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) were compared in diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) and in contact screening in an adult Sri Lankan population.
Methods: A prospective study including confirmed TB cases (n=75), controls (n-74) and close contacts of smear positive cases (n=27) was carried out at the regional Chest clinic in Kandy district. Clinical history and investigation findings, including TST results were recorded and the TSPOT.TB (Oxford Immunotec) performed.
Results: The presence of diabetes and cavitation were significant predictors of TSPOT.TB positivity, while TST had no significant clinical predictors. In the diagnosis of active TB, TSPOT.TB sensitivity was 73.3% (95% CI, 58.6-84.6%) and a specificity was 72% (95% CI, 62.0-85.5%) while the TST sensitivity was 70.7% (95% CI, 54.2-83.3%) and specificity was 64.1% (95% CI, 49.7-76.5%). In contact investigation neither test showed an association with exposure level. Cost estimate was LKR 9400.00 per TSPOT.TB test compared to LKR 200.00 per TST. A high (21%) indeterminate result rate was seen with the TSPOT.TB assay
Conclusions: This study did not show any advantage in using TSPOT.TB over TST in this setting.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 14-19
Progress in research on immunological mechanism of leprosy
Authors: Benson Kiprono Kosgei  , Luo Yun-Peng
Published: January 2025

Leprosy is a chronic infection acquired after getting exposed to Mycobacterium leprae(M.Leprae), especially via contact or through nasal secretions of the affected hosts. 95% of the entire population is naturally immune to leprosy due to the inherent natural immunity against the pathogen. The components of M.leprae include the lipoarabinomannam, the mycolyl-arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex, the protein-peptidoglycan complex, and muramyl dipeptide which are potent inducers of inflammatory mediators, especially TNF-?. Immunologically and clinically leprosy is classified into the Tuberculoid pole, Borderline tuberculoid, Mid borderline, Borderline lepromatous and lepromatous pole. In the Tuberculoid pole, the naive CD 4 lymphocytes differentiate into either Th1 or Th17 cells. Th1 secretes IL-2, TNF-?, IFN-?, and Th17 secretes IL-17, IL- 21 and TNF-?. In the Lepromatous pole, the naive CD 4 lymphocytes differentiate into Th2 cells, which secrete IL-1?, IL-4, and IL-6 that promotes antibody formation. Knowing about the immune cells,mechanisms of their interaction and substances responsible in leprosy reactions can provide a potential way of enhancing the immune response to M.leprae especially in the Lepromatous pole or ways of preventing the nerve damage and skin lesions in leprosy.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 1-5
Pattern of ABO and Rhesus blood group distribution among students of Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ugwu Ngozi Immaculata
Published: January 2025

Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study is to have information on the distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood group among the students so as to determine the need for routine screening for hemolysin among blood group O, if found to be high, as well as to institute blood donor registry for Rhesus negative blood, if found to be low.
Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective study and record of ABO and Rhesus blood group results of students screened between May 2010 and April 2011 was obtained from the University medical centre. Data was analyzed using Epi info software, version 3.5.4. Descriptive statistics were used to compute percentages and averages. Results were presented in tables and charts and expressed as percentages/proportions, mean and standard deviation.
Results: Three thousand, two hundred and eighty three results were obtained, made up of 1749 males and 1534 females with the ratio of 1.1:1. The age of the students ranged between 16 and 47 years with mean age of 22 ± 5years. Among the population studied, blood group O has the highest percentage (57.7%), followed by group A (22.1%), then B (18.1%), while AB has the least percentage (2.1%). Most of the students were found to be Rhesus positive (95.8%), while Rhesus negative was 4.2%.
Conclusion: Blood group O was found to be highest among the study population, followed by A, B and AB in that order. Most of the students were found to be Rhesus positive while only a minority were Rhesus negative. Routine screening for hemolysin among blood group O and institution of blood donor registry is recommended.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 101-104
Are the adverse psychiatric outcomes reflection of occupational stress among nurses: An exploratory study
Authors: Anuradha Davey  , Parul Sharma  , Sanjeev Davey  , Arvind Shukla  , Kajal Srivastava  , Shaili Vyas
Published: January 2025

Background: Stress-related disorders encompass a broad array of conditions, including psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety etc. Among healthcare professionals, nurses have been found to be most prone to burnout.
Aims and Objective: 1) To find out the prevalence of recent stress among staff nurses in terms of somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression and; 2) To find out the association between these psychiatric outcomes and various socio-demographic variables, inter-personal relationships, working environment and professional stress.
Materials and Methods: Institutional based cross sectional study conducted on 100 staff nurses. Goldberg and Hillier’s 28-item scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used to measure the psychological aspect of quality of life of Staff nurses.  
Results: The most common psychological outcome noted was the social dysfunction (94%) among the staff nurses. For anxiety, potential stressor were doctors’ attitude, insufficient salary and separate wash room for females; whereas significant association was found between depression and unsatisfactory attitude of doctors, fellow nurses, not enough time for rest and not getting enough holidays.
Conclusion: Social dysfunction could be cause or effect of other psychiatric manifestations like anxiety or depression
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 96-100
Successful pregnancy outcome in two patients with Pyonephrosis treated with percutaneous Nephrostomy
Authors: Wansalan Karu Shullai  , Manika Agarwal  , Kalyani Reddy  , A S Singh
Published: January 2025

Urinary tract infections in pregnancy are common in the form of cystitis and pyelonephritis. Rarely patients may have pyonephrosis. Some of these patients may respond to antibiotic therapy. However those who do not, can be treated by drainage of pus under USG guided percutaneous nephrostomy. Though invasive procedures are generally avoided in pregnancy, however if required, it should be undertaken judiciously or the primary condition may aggravate which may lead to adverse pregnancy outcome. These cases are being presented to highlight that appropriate intervention in the form of percutaneous nephrostomy, is associated with favorable maternal and fetal outcome.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(2) 2015 109-111
Multifocal angiomyolipoma involving kidney and regional lymph nodes in patient with tuberous sclerosis complex- A Rare case with review of literature
Authors: Prasad Mylarappa  , Avinash B Patil  , Sandeep Puvvada  , Amey Pathade  , D Ramesh
Published: January 2025

Tuberous sclerosis complex is rare neurocutaneous syndrome involving central nervous system and lesions in skin. Tuberous sclerosis with multifocal angiomyolipoma involving kidney and lymph nodes is even rarer.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(2) 2015 96-99
Fenetheylline in the Middle East, a thriving trade in the post-Saddam era
Authors: Ahmed M Lutfi
Published: January 2025

Aims and Objectives: To collect up-to-date knowledge using a systematic review of the literature and to get evidence-based data concerning Fenethylline, and its illegal commerce in the region of the Middle East after 2003.
Materials and Methods: Four main medicalliterature databases were scrutinized using a list of pre-specified keywords. Additionally, social networks, and other resources were utilized to retrieve relevant data. The total number of references that were used in this paper is twenty-two.
Results: The literature search was conducted from the 3rd of December to the 29th of December 2015. The search was done from Baghdad, Iraq via the Earth link-Telenet Internet Service Provider (ISP). The Total Search Engine Results Pages (SERPs) were 463137. The highest SERPs were for the keywords “Amphetamine” and “Fitton.” Google Scholar and PubMed were the databases that scored the highest SERPs. Captagon is a dangerous psychoactive substance. Its production was officially stopped in the 1980s. Currently, Captagon, and counterfeit Captagonare being illegally produced in South-East Europe and trafficked to the region of the Middle East.
Conclusion: In the post-Saddam era of the Middle East, this substance has been traded and distributed at an exponential rate. The main explanation is that the rise of this illegal commerce is related to the chaos and the lack of order in the regions of conflict and civil war in Syria and Iraq in particular.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(4) 2016 116-119
A case of paraplegia due to limb girdle muscular dystrophy with coexisting gitelman’s syndrome
Authors: Robin George Manappallil
Published: January 2025

Muscular dystrophies are a rare group of disorders affecting the skeletal muscles, which are progressive, hereditary and degenerative. A sudden worsening of the condition should raise the possibility of hypokalemia, followed by its evaluation and correction. The patient being reported is a 33 year old lady who presented with generalized but mainly bilateral lower limb proximal muscle weakness; and was diagnosed to have limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), with the support of muscle biopsy and electromyography (EMG) study. However, her laboratory investigations showed hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria, suggestive of an underlying Gitelman’s syndrome (GS). Such a scenario has rarely been reported.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 129-131
Coagulase negative staphylococcal coinfection with leptospirosis
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Jishnu Jayaraj
Published: January 2025

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 110-111
Intradiploic meningioma- A rare osteolytic calvarial lesion: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Sandeep B V  , Kaushik Roy  , Manpreet Singh Banga  , Partha Ghosh
Published: January 2025

Meningiomas are most commonest benign intracranial neoplasm which are encountered in clinical practice. One of the most uncommon variant is intradiploic meningiomas, which can present as osteoblastic or osteolytic calvarial lesion and should be considered  as differential diagnosis. We here present a rare case report of osteolytic intradiploic meningioma of skull presenting as scalp mass with a background of head injury and discuss its management.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 103-105
Myasthenia gravis: A rare presentation
Authors: Sandeep Lahiry  , Dipak Bhowmik
Published: January 2025

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a relatively rare autoimmune disorder in which antibodies form against acetylcholine (Ach) nicotinic postsynaptic receptors at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscles. The usual initial complaint is a muscle weakness but can also present as respiratory failure, as in our case. MG is treated with medications such as Acetylcholine-esterase (AChE) inhibitors or immunosuppresants and, in selected cases, thymectomy.
Here, we present a case of 32 year old women with MG, who presented with an unexplained respiratory failure. She was stabilized with mechanical ventilation and subsequently treated with immunoglobins and thymectomy.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 100-102
A-V malformation of nose: A rare challenging case
Authors: Gaurab Ranjan Chaudhuri  , Ruma Guha  , Rajesh Hansda  , Soumendra Nath Bandyopadhyay
Published: January 2025

Congenital A-V malformations of head-neck region are extremely uncommon lesions encountered in clinical practice. They may lead to a wide array of clinical effects from cosmetic disfigurement and recurrent life threatening haemorrhage to cardiac failure. Treatment of these lesions pose a challenge to reconstructive surgeons due to their extreme  vascularity, high incidence of recurrence and involvement of adjacent vascular channels. The case presented here is a congenital A-V malformation treated successfully by thorough surgical excision and reconstruction by a well vascularised flap.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 94-97
Waist: Hip ratio is a more reliable risk assessment tool for acute myocardial infarction: A hospital based case – control study among rural Maharashtra, India
Authors: Mohite Rajsinh  , Mohite Vashali  , Mohamad Fathni Bin Fadzli  , Mohamad Izzat Shafiq Azizan  , Mohamad Farhan Bin Ahmad Safian  , Mohamad Fahm
Published: January 2025

Background: Worldwide, incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) has been increasing over the years and now reflected as the leading cause of death universally.
Aims and Objectives: To determine the strength and degree of association between obesity indices and serum lipid profile with incidence of AMI in rural Indian population.
Materials and Methods: Hospital based case-control study was conducted among newly diagnosed cases of AMI and matched controls. A total of 40 patients admitted in ICCU at rural tertiary care centre and equal number of healthy age/sex controls were enrolled in the study. Over the period of three months, by employing personal interview, anthropometric, clinical and laboratory examination information was obtained. Data were analysed by using SPSS version17 and results were expressed on Mean ± SD, Chi-Square test and Odds ratio.
Results: Mean age of cases and controls was 58.5 and 60 yrs respectively with mean difference of 1.5 years. Maximum, 47.5% cases were in age 60-69 yrs and shown 1.5 times risk of getting AMI. The Overweight, Waist- Hip ratio and hyperlipidemia (cholesterol, H:L ratio and triglycerides) were significantly associated with AMI (p < 0.05 at 95% CI) and risk predicted by odd’s was of 9.3, 3.4, 2.4, 4.8, and 9.4 respectively. Every unit rise in overweight, Waist:Hip ratio, serum cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides; the risk of occurrence of AMI increases by 1.7, 2.8, 1.02, 1.01 and 1.03 times respectively.
Conclusion: Study demonstrated, W:H ratio is a more valid, single, reliable risk assessment tool for AMI could be practiced at health care institutions as well as community surveillance.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(2) 2017 38-43
A case of Pulmonary Hamartoma
Authors: Mele Chelakkoth Sabir  , Robin George Manappallil
Published: January 2025

No abstract
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 45-46
Wet purpura in Dengue fever
Authors: Robin George Manappallil
Published: January 2025

Dengue fever is an acute febrile viral illness associated with severe headache, myalgia, arthralgia, rashes, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. These patients can present with haemorrhagic manifestations. Wet purpura in oral mucosa occurs when there is a drastic fall in platelet counts; and can be taken as a sign of impending systemic haemorrhage. This is the case of a young male who was diagnosed to have Dengue fever. He developed severe thrombocytopenia and wet purpura, following which he had gastrointestinal bleed. Dengue fever presenting with wet purpura is a rare scenario.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(2) 2018 43-44
Judging credential of Medical teachers through Publication, How far it is fruitful?
Authors: Kumar Arun
Published: January 2025

No Abstract
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(3) 2018 52-54
Skin tag: a mimicker of Solitary pulmonary nodule
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Mele Chelakkoth Sabir  , Aryasree Kakkattil
Published: January 2025

NO ABSTRACT
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(3) 2018 50-51
Linezolid induced Serotonin Syndrome in the absence of serotonergic agent
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Aryasree Kakkattil
Published: January 2025

No abstract
Temporoparietal and Infratemporal fossa abscess as a complication of dental extraction – a rare and potentially lethal condition
Authors: Probal Chatterji  , Isha Goyal
Published: January 2025

Abscesses of the infratemporal fossa are rare in clinical practice. Usually it occurs as a complication of odontogenic infections, dental extraction, sinusitis and trauma. The initial signs & symptoms of this condition may be very non-specific in nature. If treatment is delayed, the abscess may extend superiorly to involve the temporoparietal region and only then it can be appreciated clinically. A middle aged male patient presented to us with the complaint of restricted mouth opening along with extensive swelling of the temporoparietal region. There was past history of tooth extraction. MRI scan confirmed it to be a case of temporoparietal & infratemporal fossa abscess with features of osteomyelitis of the ramus and adjacent body of the mandible on the right side. The patient was started on parenteral antibiotics and subsequently the abscess was drained by combined external and intraoral approach. The patient had an uneventful recovery. A thorough review of the literature has been done in relation to this condition and its management. A delay in diagnosis of this condition can lead to a number of potentially lethal complications. CT scan and MRI scan are the best modalities for confirming the diagnosis in suspected cases. Prompt drainage of the abscesses under antibiotic cover is the cornerstone of management. Isolated abscess of the infratemporal fossa may be drained intraorally or endoscopically by trans-maxillary approach. However if the temporoparietal region is also involved, a combined approach with a separate incision over the temporal region is indicated.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(4) 2018 57-60
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria amongst Menopausal women in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Paul Columba Inyang-Etoh  , Abasiodiong Udom Akpan  , Victor Udo Usanga  , Gabriel Chuks Ejezie
Published: January 2025

Background: Bacteriuria is considered a common bacterial infection in women particularly in postmenopausal women which consequently may warrant the need to treat the disease for prevention of bacteriuria developing complications.
Aims and Objectives: This work was to investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among menopausal women in Calabar, the incriminating bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.
Materials and Methods: Early morning mid stream urine samples from randomly selected 200 women (comprising of 50 premenopausal, 50 menopausal, 50 postmenopausal women and 50 apparently healthy young ladies of menstruating age (control subjects)) between the ages of 50 to 90 years were cultured by Leigh and Williams’s method. Questionnaires were also administered.
Results: 24 (16%) of the test group while 3 (6%) of the control group had infection (p=0.008). Subjects aged 35-40 years had the highest prevalence of infection 6 (18.5%), while age group 66-70yrs had the lowest infection rate 0(0%)( P = 0.841). Post-menopausal women had the highest prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria 10(20%) while pre-menopausal and menopausal women had a lower prevalence rate of 7 (14%) each (p=0.0687). The most frequently isolated organism was Staphylococcus aureus (33%) and Ciprofloxacin was the most sensitive antibiotic observed.
Conclusion: This work has revealed a high prevalence rate of asymptomatic bacteriuria high level of asymptomatic bacteriuria among menopausal women and the need for routine screening of this category of women for a standard healthy living.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(4) 2018 51-56
Nexus between research paradigm and mathematics education: An expository analysis
Authors: Tsafe A. K.
Published: January 2025

The paper highlighted the nexus between various research paradigms vis-a-viz mathematics education. Research in education entails basing the process on three fundamental philosophical traditions – epistemology, ontology, and methodology. The trio formed the core of the paradigm likely to be employed to explain the research problem – in which case, mathematics education research problems. Thus, the paper argues that employing a research paradigm in mathematics education research has far-reaching effect in giving an expository analysis of the problem. The research paradigms that were discussed in this paper comprised of positivism, post-positivism, interpretivism and critical theory. In the end, the paper suggested that, in mathematics education, applying a given research paradigm in explaining a particular research problem is imperative, and can help in viewing the problem from philosophical perspective.
Adoption and utilization of Moodle learning management system for emergency remote teaching: A UTAUT perspective
Authors: Korsah Daniel Paa
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the adoption of Moodle learning management system (LMS) for emergency remote teaching during the COVID-19 era by colleges of education (CoE) teachers in Ghana. The research highlights the level of experience of CoE teachers in their use of e-learning applications as well as the factors that influence their acceptance of Moodle LMS within the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology framework. Three research questions guided the study: 1. What is the level of experience of CoE teachers in the use of e-learning applications? 2. What is the influence of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence of teachers on their behavioral intention to use Moodle LMS? 3. What is the influence of Facilitating Conditions, Service Quality, and Behavioral Intentions on teachers’ Use Behavior of Moodle LMS? The study used a descriptive cross-sectional survey approach to assess the experiences of CoE teachers in their use of e-learning applications as well as their behavioral intentions, and actual usage behaviors concerning Moodle. The quantitative approach was used to collect and analyze data. The findings reveal that social influence played the most crucial role in shaping educators’ behavioral intentions towards using Moodle, while performance expectancy and effort expectancy have a lesser impact. The study highlights the need to prioritize the service quality of learning management systems in CoEs. This can include routine system updates, intuitive user interfaces, and effective technical support to provide a smooth experience for educators. Recommendations are provided to enhance the adoption and utilization of Moodle, emphasizing the need for targeted professional development and improved infrastructural support. Implications of the results for understanding Moodle LMS adoption in emergency remote teaching contexts are discussed.
Cardiac Dysrhythmia is an Abnormal Heart Rhythm
Authors: Franjić Siniša
Published: January 2025

An arrhythmia, or abnormal heart rhythm, usually means that the heart is beating too fast, too slowly, or irregularly. Few people do not feel discomfort when they notice that their heart is beating faster or irregularly or if they feel their heart pounding in their throat. Arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm. The heart is controlled by a conduction system that transmits electrical impulses. This causes the heart to beat. This system works automatically, so outside of human will. The heart generally works rhythmically throughout life.
Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Internal Jugular Vein Intramural Hematoma: A Case Report
Authors: Nan Mengmeng
Published: January 2025

Objective: There are many complications after internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation, but intramural hematoma is rare.

Materials and Methods: We present a case report is the first ultrasound diagnosis of intramural hematoma of IJV, a rare complication after IJV cannulation, but the prognosis is good.

Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided IJV cannulation has been relatively mature, and the cannulation process can be dynamically observed in real time. Therefore, ultrasound-guided IJV cannulation is recommended to reduce postoperative complications.
Promising Role of FMT in Schizophrenia Therapeutics
Authors: K Pushkala
Published: January 2025

Schizophrenia is the resultant of the cumulative effect of a complex and dynamic bidirectional interaction of genetic expression and the accumulation of prenatal and postnatal environmental risk factors. Earlier treatments for schizophrenia include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which can help people learn how to avoid acting on their thoughts. FMT is likely to strongly improve the efficacy of microbiota-orientated treatments. FMT is a promising treatment for schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders that may help improve symptoms and restore behavioral impairments: FMT helps to restore the recipient’s gut microbiota and reverse dysbiosis. Current FMT is still a relatively new area of research, and there are several limitations to the current evidence
Defects in the legislative regulation of medical services for the patient, considered as services for the consumer
Authors: Vinokurov Vladimir Anatol'evich , SHafigulin Kirill Vital'evich
Published: January 2025

In the daily activities of medical institutions, bodies controlling the work of medical institutions, as well as judicial authorities, problems arise with the definition of medical services, which, on the one hand, is included in the list of services to the consumer, and on the other hand, has its own characteristics, which is important to resolve the issue of determining responsibility for the poor-quality provision of medical services provided to the patient. The aim of the study was to understand the regulatory and legal consolidation of the concepts of "service" and "medical service", primarily on the basis of the norms of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Consumer Rights Protection" and the Federal Law "On the Basics of Health protection of Citizens of the Russian Federation". The need for the analysis is due to errors and ambiguities inherent in legislative acts. The draft law submitted to the State Duma in March 2024, aimed at eliminating obvious inconsistencies in the provision of medical services, which in this context are proposed to be called medical care, has been critically considered. When working on the article, general and private scientific methods were used – analysis, synthesis, analogy, formal legal, comparative legal, interpretation of legal norms. As a result, proposals have been formulated to amend legislation according to which the relations that will arise when providing medical care to citizens both within the framework of the program of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens and when providing paid medical care should be regulated by the provisions of the Federal Law "On the Basics of Protecting the Health of Citizens of the Russian Federation", which will allow to comply with the constitutional norm, on the right of everyone to health protection and medical care.
Non-institutional politics and social movements as its actors
Authors: Rybakov Andrew Vyacheslavovich
Published: January 2025

The subject of the study is non-institutional politics and its role in modern socio-political processes in the context of social movements. The thesis is substantiated that protest is a common element of the reasons for the growing importance of non-institutional politics, which brings together and even includes non-institutional politics in traditional politics. It represents the central analytical category around which the theoretical justification of the above position is based – currently, non-institutional politics has become part of the so-called traditional politics. The arguments in favor of this thesis can be divided into two main directions: the first, systemic, concerns the transformations that have influenced institutionalized politics in democratic systems over the past half century, the second, participatory, refers to the multifaceted development of social movements. Both involve a wide range of factors that interact in the development of non-institutional politics and, consequently, increase its rank and legitimacy. The tasks set required an appropriate theoretical and methodological basis for the study, which was compiled by the political science concepts of civil society, the theory of democracy (polyarchy). The paradigms of social movement research were taken into account: the paradigm of collective behavior, the theory of collective action (resource mobilization), the paradigm of new social movements. A systematic approach and methods of comparative historical analysis of social and political phenomena were used. The main subject of protest, challenge and formation of non-institutionalized politics are new social movements. Social movements are represented by an informal network of organizations and people united by collective identity, common values and aimed at expanding the boundaries of existing non-institutional politics and transforming socio-political design in the form of protest activities. The activity of these movements indicates that in modern post-industrial society, power is becoming fragmented. Classical political models based on class struggle within the framework of traditional political institutions are gradually being replaced by new forms of governance and communication, including non-institutionalized politics, the politics of democratic pluralism. New social movements are opposed to the traditional methods of decision-making by the bureaucracy, are organized on decentralized, networked principles and act as a factor in an increasingly deep dispersion of power in modern society.