bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of osmotic dehydration pretreatment on the drying and characteristics of pineapple slices after microwave hot air rolling bed drying
Authors: Li Guohua , Wang Bo , Du Zhilong , Li Mengge , Lv Weiqiao
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of osmotic dehydration (OD) pretreatment on the drying and quality of pineapple slices dehydrated using microwave hot air rolling bed drying method. The result suggested the OD pretreatment significantly reduced the moisture content of the food material before drying. It also slightly increased the moisture ratio decreasing rate in the early stage of drying based on the formation of microchannels during the pretreatment. The pretreatment also increased overall temperature and facilitated the transition of free water to bounded water during drying. Based on the pretreatment, the undesired browning of pineapple slices during drying was significantly inhibited. However, the OD pretreatment with 60 % (w/v) sucrose solution caused significant dehydration of the sample before drying, finally resulting in more dramatic browning. Compared with the sample without OD pretreatment, the dried pretreated pineapple slices exhibited an increased amount of collapsed cell structures and pores, due to the cell deformation and water diffusion during the pretreatment. These microstructure changes finally contributed to their increased hardness, springiness and chewiness. Although the pretreatment caused a slightly higher ascorbic acid loss in the final dried food materials, the product with an improved sugar-to-acid ratio was prepared, indicating its improved acceptability. Considering the overall characteristics profile of the dried pineapple slices, the OD pretreatment using 50 % sucrose solution for 24 h was the optimum condition to develop promising dried pineapple slices products.
The gelation mechanism of mung bean starch as affected by edible alum
Authors: Gu Yue , Li Qingyun , Yang Yisu , Yang Xi
Published: August 2023

To understand the gelation mechanism of mung bean starch (MBS) as affected by addition of edible alum, the physicochemical properties of MBS gels and their gelation process under 0–0.25 % of alum addition were studied. The results showed that alum incorporation enhanced the gel texture and starch-water interaction in a concentration-dependent manner. With increasing amount of alum addition, the pH value and ζ-potential of MBS decreased, while the swelling power, pasting viscosity, the leached amylose content, gelation temperature, short-range ordered structure and the crystallinity of MBS gels increased. It is believed that alum addition improved the texture of MBS gels by promoting amylose leaching, starch aggregation and recrystallization. The increase in starch-water interaction might be due to the destruction of MBS structure by polar ions and the formation of clathrates by leached amylose and Al3+ ions.
Influence of flexoelectric effect on the bending rigidity of a Timoshenko graphene-reinforced nanorod
Authors: Nevhal Subhash K. , Gupta Madhur , Kundalwal Shailesh I.
Published: August 2023

The focus of this work is to study the influence of flexoelectric phenomenon on the electromechanical response of graphene-reinforced nanocomposite (GNC) nanorods. An analytical model has been derived by utilizing the Timoshenko beam theory and the principle of variational work by incorporating flexoelectric effects. The GNC nanorod is subjected to a concentrated load acting downward for clamped-free and simply supported support types. The GNC is reinforced with a defective graphene sheet as it is known to show enhanced polarization. The elastic properties of defective graphene sheets have been evaluated using molecular dynamic simulations. The outcome of our model shows that the flexoelectric effect must be considered for accurate modeling of nanostructures. Irrespective of the support type, flexoelectric effect improves the stiffness of the nanorod. We also observed that the stiffness of the nanorod is significantly influenced by the support type. This work presents an opportunity for the development of high-performance graphene-based nanoactuators/sensors.
Taste the feeling: an ecolinguistic analysis of Coca-Cola advertising
Authors: Stibbe Arran
Published: August 2023

This article presents an ecolinguistic framework for analysing advertising and applies it to a wide range of TV advertisements for Coca-Cola. This particular product was selected because of well-publicised criticisms of its impact on health and the environment. The framework classifies advertisements into one of five types: classic-type, identity-type, narrative-type, cause-type, and counter-type, with many advertisements being hybrids of more than one type. The analysis uses multimodal discourse analysis to reveal underlying messages behind the advertisements, and judges these according to an ecosophy based on the World Health Organisation’s concept of One Health. The aim of the analysis is to reveal linguistic and multimodal features that are used to persuade people to purchase products which potentially harm both the consumer and the environment. The results can be practically applied in critical language awareness materials that can promote healthier and more environmentally beneficial purchasing.
Study to compare the effect of casirivimab and imdevimab, remdesivir, and favipiravir on progression and multi-organ function of hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Authors: Hegazy Sahar K. , Tharwat Samar , Hassan Ahmed H.
Published: August 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a progress in research to find a solution to this pandemic. Also, various advances in pharmacotherapy against COVID-19 have emerged. Regarding antiviral therapy, casirivimab and imdevimab are antibodies combination against COVID-19. Standard antiviral therapy against COVID-19 includes remdesivir and favipiravir. The objectives were to compare progression and multi-organ function of hospitalized COVID-19 patients between these three antiviral groups. 265 COVID-19 hospitalized patients were included in this study and were divided into 3 groups (1:2:2), respectively, Group (A): casirivimab and imdevimab, group (B): remdesivir, and group (C): favipiravir. The design of the study is a single blind non-randomized controlled trial. This study is a phase IV clinical trial (post-marketing study). The duration of the study was about 6 months after receiving the ethical approval. Casirivimab and imdevimab achieved less case progression as presented by lower World Health Organization scale (P < 0.05 in comparing group A with B and C) and better multi-organ functions as presented by lower Sequential Organ Function Assessment score (P < 0.05 in comparing group A with B and C) than remdesivir and favipiravir. From all these results, it is concluded that Group A (casirivimab and imdevimab) produces better outcomes than B (remdesivir) and C (favipiravir) intervention groups.
Correlation between microvessel maturity and ISUP grades assessed using contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasonography in prostate cancer
Authors: Gao Yong , Zeng Xuerong , Liao Xinhong
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to assess the correlation among the peak intensity (PI) values of quantitative parameters, microvessel density (MVD), microvessel maturity, and International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grades in biopsy specimens from prostate cancer (PCa) patients. The study population included PCa patients who underwent targeted and systematic biopsy, without radiation or chemohormonal therapy before biopsy. Contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasonography (CE-TRUS) was performed in all patients before biopsy. Contrast-enhancement patterns and PI values of quantitative parameters were observed. Tumor tissue samples were immunostained for CD31 expression. MVD, microvessel maturity, and ISUP grades were determined in prostate biopsy specimens. Based on the contrast enhancement patterns of prostate lesions, 16 patients were assigned to a low-enhancement group and 45 to a high-enhancement group. The number of mature vessels, MVD, mature vessel index, and ISUP grades were all higher in the high-enhancement group than in the low-enhancement group (all P < 0.05). The immature vessel index was lower in the high-enhancement group than in the low-enhancement group (P < 0.05). The PI value was positively correlated with the number of mature vessels (r = 0.372). In conclusion, enhancement patterns on CE-TRUS can reflect microvessel maturity in PCa. The PI value was positively correlated with the number of mature vessels.
The crystal structure of the co-crystal 1,4-dioxane–4,6-bis(nitroimino)-1,3,5-triazinan-2-one(2/1), C11H19N7O9
Authors: Guannan Zhao , Tong Zhang , Jun Chen , Hongxia Pan , LiZhen Chen , Jianlong Wang
Published: August 2023

C11H19N7O9, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.2578(2) Å, b = 15.4188(5) Å, c = 17.6841(7) Å, V = 1706.30(1) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0428, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0972, T = 100 K.
Adsorption of Th(IV) ions from aqueous solutions by ZnO functionalized graphene oxide
Authors: Kaptanoglu Ikbal Gozde , Yusan Sabriye
Published: August 2023

Graphene oxide (GO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) were synthesized via the Tour’ and sol-gel methods, respectively. Adsorption potentials of Th(IV) ions were investigated with the functionalization of GO with ZnO nanoparticles (GO-ZnO) and compared with the GO. Studies concerning factors affecting the adsorption process, kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and thermodynamic properties were carried out. In this study, the optimum pH for the adsorption of Th(IV) ions is 3.0, and quickly reaching equilibrium is an indication of the high efficacy of the sorbent. A pseudo-second order adsorption model fits the kinetic data well. Experimental results were compared with Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. These results show that the Langmuir model fits the data well. Measured thermodynamic parameters, Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°), enthalpy change (ΔH°), and entropy change (ΔS°) indicate that the adsorption of Th(IV) on GO−ZnO is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. According to the linear fit in the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacity of GO and GO-ZnO at 298 K occurs at 109.89 mg/g and 243.90 mg/g, respectively. The results show that decoration with ZnO nanoparticles is a good method to improve the adsorption capacity of GO for Th(IV) removal.
Letter from Facilitators
Authors: Secord Margaret , Terzian Nevart
Published: August 2023

Letter from Facilitators
Decoding the Silent Language of the Eyes: Occluding the Eye Region Impacts Understanding and Sharing of Emotions With Others
Authors: McCrackin Sarah D. , Provencher Sabrina , Mendell Ethan , Ristic Jelena
Published: August 2023

Emotional expressions can be recognized from the eye region alone. However, it remains unknown how reading emotions from the eyes impacts downstream abilities that build on basic emotion recognition, including understanding (i.e., affective theory of mind) and sharing of emotions (i.e., affective empathy). In three experiments we investigated how occluding the eye region of emotional faces impacted judgments of affective theory of mind and affective empathy. Participants viewed emotional faces with eye regions covered by opaque occluders, transparent occluders, or no occluders. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants reported the protagonists’ emotional valence and intensity. In Experiment 3, participants rated their own empathy and emotional valence for the protagonist. When eyes were occluded, protagonists were judged to feel more neutral and less intense emotion and were empathized with less. This provides one of the first direct links between eye region information and the complex socioemotional processes of inferring and sharing emotions.
Interneuron-Targeted Disruption ofSYNGAP1Alters Sensory Representations in the Neocortex and Impairs Sensory Learning
Authors: Zhao Meiling , Kwon Sung Eun
Published: August 2023

SYNGAP1haploinsufficiency in humans leads to severe neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual disability, autism, epilepsy, and sensory processing deficits. However, the circuit mechanisms underlying these disorders are not well understood. In mice, a decrease of SynGAP levels results in cognitive deficits by interfering with the development of excitatory glutamatergic connections. Recent evidence suggests that SynGAP also plays a crucial role in the development and function of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether and to what extent the expression ofSYNGAP1in inhibitory interneurons contributes to cortical circuit function and related behaviors. The activity of cortical neurons has not been measured simultaneously with behavior. To address these gaps, we recorded from layer 2/3 neurons in the primary whisker somatosensory cortex (wS1) of mice while they learned to perform a whisker tactile detection task. Our results demonstrate that mice with interneuron-specificSYNGAP1haploinsufficiency exhibit learning deficits characterized by heightened behavioral responses in the absence of relevant sensory input and premature responses to unrelated sensory stimuli not associated with reward acquisition. These behavioral deficits are accompanied by specific circuit abnormalities within wS1. Interneuron-specificSYNGAP1haploinsufficiency increases detrimental neuronal correlations directly related to task performance and enhances responses to irrelevant sensory stimuli unrelated to the reward acquisition. In summary, our findings indicate that a reduction of SynGAP in inhibitory interneurons impairs sensory representation in the primary sensory cortex by disrupting neuronal correlations, which likely contributes to the observed cognitive deficits in mice with pan-neuronalSYNGAP1haploinsufficiency.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSYNGAP1haploinsufficiency leads to severe neurodevelopmental disorders. The exact nature of neural circuit dysfunction caused bySYNGAP1haploinsufficiency remains poorly understood. SynGAP plays a critical role in the function of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons as well as glutamatergic pyramidal neurons in the neocortex. Whether and how decreasingSYNGAP1level in inhibitory interneurons disrupts a behaviorally relevant circuit remains unclear. We measure neural activity and behavior in mice learning a perceptual task. Mice with interneuron-targeted disruption ofSYNGAP1display increased detrimental neuronal correlations and elevated responses to irrelevant sensory inputs, which are related to impaired task performance. These results show that cortical interneuron dysfunction contributes to sensory deficits inSYNGAP1haploinsufficiency with important implications for identifying therapeutic targets.
Lukashenka’s Constitutional Plebiscite and the Polarization of Belarusian Society
Authors: Burkhardt Fabian , Dollbaum Jan Matti
Published: August 2023

Aliaksandr Lukashenka pushed through an overhaul of Belarus’s constitution as a response to the protests against the official results of the 2020 presidential election. The goal was to address the desire for change among the population without reacting to the demand for snap elections. With the February 2022 constitutional plebiscite on the most far-ranging changes to Belarus’s constitution since 1994, Lukashenka further entrenched himself in power. The results of our online survey suggest that the constitutional changes do not meet the broad societal demand for political change and, in particular, for constraints on presidential power. Despite the persistence of the political conflict, we also show that Lukashenka’s supporters and opponents are not irreconcilably polarized in every policy domain. Finally, our results suggest that regime supporters have stronger anti-democratic preferences than opposition supporters when it comes to future political participation of the two camps, making the effects of affective polarization highly asymmetrical.
Toward A Purple Aesthetic
Authors: Rasmussen Douglas
Published: August 2023

As a popular musician, Prince broke racial, gender, and socio-economic barriers and contributed to a legacy of artistic expression that advocated for individual freedom and empowerment. Nowhere else is this more evident than in Purple Rain, where Prince played with images of androgyny and race. This is particularly evident in the album, the movie, and even in the behind-the-scenes production of both projects. These were questions that Generation X was grappling with at the time, and that generations today continue to grapple with, in the struggle against a rigid hierarchical power structure. Yet this was also the same power structure of social, political, and cultural institutions that had failed as moral leaders, with issues of systemic racism, dysfunctional families, Reaganomics, gender dynamics, divorce, and problematic social and moral institutions (school, parents, etc.) affecting society. Prince’s music developed within this social context and spoke directly to Generation X. Purple Rain hit upon a theme of generational malaise and tension that is reflected in today’s current political climate as well, making Purple Rain a deeply resonant album. To explore this idea, I will look at the cultural factors behind the making of the album and the racial and gender barriers Prince had to subvert in order to get the album and accompanying film made.
“No one who has been joined to a spouse will see the Kingdom of Heaven”
Authors: Bailey Lisa Kaaren
Published: August 2023

This article explores the story of Berthegund, a Merovingian woman who tried to leave her husband to join a religious life. This story comes to us only from a hostile witness, and most scholars have echoed his dismissive perspective. However, it is possible to reconstruct Berthegund’s perspective by exploring what would have seemed possible for her. The article then sets her story into the context of several broader issues. The first is the idea of the marital debt and its relation to early medieval ideas about sexuality, as well as stories about marital sex avoidance. The article then takes a further step back to consider the implications of her story for understandings of female agency in the early Middle Ages and how this was shaped by ideas about sexual consent. Berthegund’s small story therefore reveals a rich set of worldviews and understandings.
PENGARUH MINAT BELAJAR DAN BIMBINGAN BELAJAR BAHASA ARAB AL-MUFLIHIN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI KABUPATEN MAJENE
Authors: Sh Rahmawati Indrayana , Elmubarok Zaim , Multazam Multazam
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of interest in learning and Arabic tutoring Al-Muflihin on student learning outcomes in Majene Regency. This type of research is quantitative and the research design uses ex post facto research methods using multiple linear regression analysis models. The subjects in this study were 20 students, who were taken using a saturated sampling technique. From the research results, there is a positive and significant influence between learning interest on student learning outcomes, with regression equation analysis Y = 21.319 + 0.572X. The value of the coefficient of determination is 50.8% and the remaining 49.2% is influenced by other factors. There is a positive and significant influence between tutoring on student learning outcomes, with regression equation analysis Y = 26.395 + 0.515X. The coefficient of determination is 85% and the remaining 15% is influenced by other factors. There is a positive and significant influence between learning interest and tutoring on student learning outcomes, with regression equation analysis Y = 2.419 + 0.295X1 + 0.421X2. The value of the coefficient of determination X1 and X2 is 95.7% and the remaining 4.3% is influenced by other factors not included in this study. So the conclusion is that there is a significant relationship between learning interest and Al-Muflihin Arabic tutoring on student learning outcomes in Majene Regency.
ANALISIS SINTAKSIS KONTRASTIF NOMINA DALAM BAHASA ARAB DAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Khamimah Khamimah , Amrullah Nafis Azmi , Arifin Akbar Syamsul
Published: August 2023

Arabic as a flexion language of the Semitic language families has significant differences with Indonesian as an agglutinating language of the Austronesian families in terms of its outward characteristics and structure. Classes of ism and nouns when examined based on their syntactic linguistics in the grammatical categories, case, definite, number, and gender, it is found that there are many differences in their characteristics and markers. These grammatical categories relate to the principle of concordance or conformity to sentence construction. This analysis contrastive research aims to describe the comparison of isms and nouns based on case, definite, number, gender, and concordance so that similarities and differences can be identified. This research is library research with comparative descriptive method and data collection technique using documentation technique. The data in this study are sentences in Arabic and Indonesian containing these grammatical categories which are found in various sources, namely Arabic Syntax, Complete Guide to Learning Arabic in Nahwu Science, Man's Search for Meaning, and several print media like newspapers. The results of the study show that there are many differences and few similarities because the two languages ​​come from different families.
Favorable Outcome of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in a Pregnant Woman due to Tuberculosis: A Case Report
Authors: Dini Parisa , Aminimoghaddam Soheila , Nassiri Setare , Kaveh Vahid , Sadeghi Solmaz , Moslemi Saeedeh
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Tuberculosis is relatively common in reproductive age and thereby can be observed in pregnancy. Some of the clinical presentations of tuberculosis overlap with nonspecific symptoms that are found in normal pregnancy. Therefore, delay in diagnosis is understandable. The aim of our study is to indicate that tuberculosis is related to sanitary inadequacy and crowding and should be considered in every patient with such circumstances. Case Presentation: This case report is about a pregnant woman who referred to us with low-grade fever and ascites and then disseminated intravascular coagulation was observable. Accordingly, several differential diagnoses were considered, and eventually, visceral tuberculosis was detectable. Conclusions: It is recommended that tuberculosis be considered in every patient even without any response to the usual treatments. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, which is more common in pregnancy, poses a tremendous challenge on the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis.
Anatomical study of "Onchidella celtica" (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Onchidiidae) by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). A first approach to its applicability in Onchidiidae (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata).
Authors: Fernández-Gutiérrez Jesús , Urgorri Victoriano , Candás María , Díaz-Agras Guillermo
Published: August 2023

The family Onchidiidae comprises a group of air-breathing marine slugs that can be very abundant in the intertidal zone of temperate shores worldwide. Recently, the phylogeny of the genus Onchidella has been reassessed by means of molecular markers, but anatomical studies are still needed to support these conclusions. In the present work, the anatomy of Onchidella celtica has been studied by using X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), a non-invasive technique that allows for 2D and 3D imaging of the external and internal anatomy of specimens without irreversible damage. To date, the potential of this technique for the anatomical study of onchidiids had not been assessed yet and therefore a reconstruction of the whole internal anatomy of O. celtica is provided here. Most of the organs and structures were clearly visualized; our observations largely agree with previous descriptions also highlighting the usefulness of micro-CT for the anatomical study of onchidiids.
Knowledge of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases among Healthcare Workers: Nigerian COPD Research Project (NICORP)
Authors: Omotola Ogunkoya John , John Sodeinde Kolawole , Temitope Okwudishu Oluyemisi , Emmanuel Ladele Akindele , Olufemi Osinaike Abiodun , Emmanue Bamidele Fikayo , Tobore Imishue Onome , Olufemi Solaja Taiwo
Published: August 2023

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable chronic inflammatory lung disease that often causes obstruction to airflow in the lungs. The main risk factor in Nigeria is long term exposure to indoor pollution from cooking with firewood and fossil fuel in poorly ventilated spaces. Aims/ objectives: The aim was to evaluate the level of COPD knowledge among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the southwestern state of Nigeria.Materials/ methods: Self-administered online BCKQ which is made up of 65 stem questions was used to evaluate the level of knowledge of HCWs. The overall score of individual participants was represented in percentages and frequencies. Tests of statistical significance like the Chi-square test are applied to find out the statistical significance of the difference in percentages. Univariate analysis was done using respondent knowledge about COPD as the dependent variable and the socio-demographic were identified as independent variables. A p-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant in the calculations of variables. Results: Four hundred and five healthcare workers were involved in this study, 53.3% of whom were females. The mean age of the study cohort was 48.7±0.55 years, significant majority (75.6%) of whom were <40 years. (p< 0.001).  Majority of cohorts (39.3%) were doctors, while 32.0% were nurses. Only 11.7% had PhD or Fellowship as their highest educational qualification. The overall mean total score of cohorts on the Bristol COPD questionnaire was 51.9±21.9 %, with 40.4% having good scores and only 11.3% had excellent score. Mean knowledge scores were high among doctors (69.9±02.4), HCWs with medical fellowships /PhD (69.9±02.4) and had worked for <10 years. A positive correlation was demonstrated between age, level of education and knowledge score (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study examined knowledge of COPD among healthcare workers in the southwestern part of Nigeria and confirmed that the knowledge of COPD among healthcare workers was essentially good but there were serious gaps in knowledge observed in areas of vaccination, inhalational therapy, and use of inhaled and oral steroid.
The Effect of Electronic Human Resources Management on Employee Satisfaction of Telecommunications Companies in Jordan
Authors: Lawama Haron Ismail al- , Almahairah Dr. Mohammad Salameh Zaid , Abdalla Hamed Omar , Shajrawi Dr. Ahmad A. I. , Alneimat Dr. Suleiman z. , Eldabet Mahmoud Mohamed , Darawsheh Saddam Rateb , Shaar Arobah saud mohammed al
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of E-HRM on employee satisfaction. The focus was on telecommunications companies operating in Jordan. Aspects of e-HR practice is (e-recruitment, e-training, e-performance evaluation, e-reward system). Data were collected primarily through self-assessment questionnaires created in Google Forms and distributed via email to a sample of targeted executives. AMOSv24 was used to test the research hypothesis. Survey results show that E-HRM has a positive impact on employee satisfaction. Based on the results obtained, the researchers recommend that managers and decision makers of telecommunications companies in Jordan invest in electronic personnel systems. This allows personnel management to be fully electronic, realizing economic savings and attracting talent.
Canon 7 of the III Ecumenical council: its history and reception in the context of the issue of the Immutability of the creed
Authors: Pashkov Petr
Published: August 2023

This publication discusses the history of the origin and reception of the definition of the Third Ecumenical Council on the Creed. This definition, drawn up in connection with the rejection of the statement of faith by Theodore of Mopsuestia, should, according to the plan of St. Cyril of Alexandria, to secure the Nicene Creed the status of the only symbolic text used in Baptism and the admission of heretics into church fellowship. The author shows that, although this rule was drawn up at the Council, it did not receive official approval and was not solemnly promulgated. In this regard, it did not enjoy authority in the Churches of Asia Minor and the Syrian region, where the forms of the Symbol, close to the modern Constantinople Creed, dominated. The article proves that at the Council of Chalcedon (451) a synthesis of various local traditions regarding the practice of reading the Creed was made: the so-called “Statement of the faith of 150 fathers”, traditionally associated with the Council of Constantinople in 381, received universal authority and began to be considered an authentic form of expression of the “Nicene faith”. To both versions of the text, which were henceforth considered one Creed, the Council attached the wording of the Ephesian ban on changing the Creed. At the same time, the concept of the immutability of the "catholic faith" in content was separated from the immutability of the Symbol by letter, with the possible emergence of new formulas (the latter should not have claimed the status of “symbols”). This idea relatively quickly received a reception in the East. In the West, the recognition of the Constantinople version of the text of the Symbol as authoritative occurs only in the 6th century, and initially in Rome. The Roman bishops, on the other hand, held for the longest time the literal inviolability of the Creed, even after the spread of the Filioque in the Latin West.
Automatic vehicle number plate recognition system
Authors: Davy Manyika Kabuswa , Banda Peter Jairous , Hamweendo Agripa
Published: August 2023

In simple terms, Automatic Vehicle Number Plate Recognition System (AVNPRS) can be described as a computer vision image processing technology. This technology captures images of vehicles and recognizes their number plates. As the world is becoming more sophisticated on each new day, security as well as management of transportation system have become a vital aspect in controlled places. Such places include modern campuses, shopping malls and other institutions. With today’s rate at which motor vehicles are increasing in numbers, there is need for an effective, affordable and efficient AVNPRS. Thus, this project proposes, outlines and discusses an efficient AVNPRS. The system under consideration in this project can be installed at main entrances of modern institutions. This is because the AVNPRS ensures that only authorized vehicles can automatically have access to such institutions. The AVNPRS ensures that it captures the image of the number plate once the input sensor detects the vehicle. The Sobel edge detection and Laplacian edge detection techniques are used at this critical stage. Thereafter, the Bounding box technique is used to find the number plate leading to character segmentation. After capturing, an image undergoes extraction and character investigation via the Optical Character Recognition (OCR). In addition, in achieving character recognition, matching between the computer template and segmented image is done via the OCR method. It is vital to mention that this system is sustainable as it successfully detects, recognizes and processes vehicle number plates on real images. The AVNPRS can be used for both traffic control and security. Therefore, the main aim of this piece of writing is to develop from a theoretical perspective an AVNPR system that can detect and capture vehicle number plate images.
Immunobiological reactivity of the body in cows with ovarian dysfunction
Authors:   Podillia State University, 13 Shevchenko str., Kamianets-Podilskyi, Khmelnytsky region, 32316, Ukraine, Bodnar O. O.
Published: August 2023

It is known that the immune status of the female organism changes dynamically at all stages of both the physiological and pathological state of the reproductive system. The work presents the results of scientific research and analysis of immunological studies in cows with ovarian dysfunction. We studied the nature and peculiarities of the relationships between the indicators of immunity and sexual function of infertile cows before and after treatment. The purpose of the research was to find out the dynamics of some morphological and biochemical blood indicators and the immune status of the body in cows with functional disorders of the ovaries. Certain regularities of the immune status in cows with persistent corpus luteum of the ovary and hypofunction of the ovaries have been established. The results of our research confirmed and supplemented previously established data on changes in hematological and immunological indicators in cows with ovarian pathology. It was established that the development of this pathology was accompanied by an immunodeficient state of the body, disorders of the cellular and humoral links of immunity, and a decrease in indicators of non-specific protection. Ovarian dysfunction in cows mainly develops against the background of immunosuppression and deficiency of indicators of cellular protection of the body, which was supplemented by a decrease in the content of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and total protein in the blood. A significant increase in the content of “0” mononuclear cells in the blood of sick cows indicates a violation of the mechanisms of lymphocyte differentiation, which negatively affects the formation of the body’s immune response. The imbalance of individual lymphocyte populations indicates the need for immunocorrection in order to increase the content of B and T cells, which will, accordingly, lead to a decrease in the share of low-active “0”-lymphocytes, and will contribute to the restoration of the immune defense mechanisms of the cows’ body. The decrease in indicators of individual factors of immunobiological reactivity of the body of cows with gonadal pathology substantiates the need for the use of general stimulating drugs with an immunomodulating effect.
Socio-Political Interaction of Citizens and Authorities in the Context of Transport Innovations (Reform of Kuzbass Cities)
Authors: Golovatsky Evgeny V. , Kranzeeva Elena A. , Orlova Anna V.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Currently there is a tendency of intensity of manifestation of social and political relations in the socio-political interaction of the population and government representatives. Citizens in the conditions of network reactive communications in the information field, are included in the stages of planning and implementation of territorial administration, demonstrate a request for innovative projects, products and practices of interaction in the urban area. The purpose of the study in to study the nature and features of the socio-political interaction of citizens with the authorities in the mode of mastering transport innovations.

Materials and Methods. During the check, the method of content analysis was applied. It was possible to obtain separate units of measurement – estimates of the use of financial innovation resources in the cities of Kemerovo and Novokuznetsk. The analysis of news portals and publications of city events, as well as public pages of communities in social networks, revealed active, loyal and passive categories of users of transport services, discovered and associated with the development of social innovations, including strategies for attitudes and behavior towards the movement of residents of the region.

Results. The experience of passenger transport reform has shown the presence of contradictory civic assessments and requests for innovation, the population is confidently involved in active and responsible, judging by the statements of many residents, participation in the development and filling of the urban environment with new communication practices. As a result of the research, we have found slightly different strategies for mastering innovations. In Novokuznetsk, the initiators of the innovation chose a more dynamic and transport-oriented strategy. The main corrective and mobilizing stages were carried out directly in a given time lag. In Kemerovo, a strategy (model) of consistent incorporation of transport innovations into the existing scheme of urban communications was applied. There are noticeable differences in the use of instrumental, economic, cultural and social resources within the framework of the introduction of transport innovations.

Discussion and Conclusion. According to the results of the research, it was possible to find the following areas that require the attention of researchers and managers: the relevance of network communications in relation to urban problems (“digital policy”); social communications of the urban population and the authorities in the conditions of reactive relations; transport passenger communication of the city (urban agglomeration). The study is of practical comparative interest in organizing innovative urban projects for sociologists, researchers of the territory, administrative and political managers.
Evaluación de Algamix® y dos porcentajes de drenaje en chile dulce (Capsicum annuum) cultivado en invernadero
Authors: Monge Pérez José Eladio , Loáiciga Arias Julio César , Loría Coto Michelle
Published: August 2023

La aplicación de bioestimulantes y el uso de diversos porcentajes de drenaje pueden afectar la producción en la agricultura protegida.  Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación del bioestimulante Algamix® (vía foliar, vía radicular, y testigo) y dos porcentajes de drenaje (10 % y 30 %) sobre el rendimiento y la calidad del chile dulce cv. Nathalie cultivado bajo invernadero.  Las variables evaluadas fueron:  altura de planta (cm), diámetro de tallo (mm), número de frutos por planta, peso del fruto (g), rendimiento (ton/ha), y porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales (°Brix).  La aplicación del bioestimulante no produjo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en ninguna de las variables, excepto en el rendimiento de frutos de tercera calidad, donde las plantas que recibieron la aplicación foliar del bioestimulante produjeron un menor rendimiento, en relación con el testigo.  En comparación con las plantas que tuvieron un 30 % de drenaje, las plantas con un 10 % de drenaje presentaron:  una menor cantidad de frutos por planta y un menor rendimiento, en el caso de primera calidad; una mayor cantidad de frutos por planta y un mayor rendimiento, en el caso de tercera calidad; un menor peso del fruto (total y de primera calidad); y un menor porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales del fruto.  La aplicación del bioestimulante no mejoró ni el rendimiento ni la calidad del chile dulce, por lo que no se recomienda su uso, bajo las condiciones en que se realizó el estudio.  Se recomienda el uso de un drenaje del 30 % en chile dulce cultivado en invernadero, dado que produjo el mayor rendimiento de frutos de primera calidad.
Creación de Mapas Estadísticos en R: el caso del Índice de Desarrollo Humano Cantonal para Costa Rica
Authors: Bonilla Carrión Roger Enrique , Méndez Montero Nelson Martín
Published: August 2023

Los mapas estadísticos son representaciones temáticas para la graficación de datos estadística a partir de unidades administrativas. Para la representación de mapas, existe una amplia gama de software, en general de alto costo y pocos con licencia de uso libre para la representación. R es un software libre para estadística computacional y para graficación, disponible para la investigación. El objetivo del artículo es presentar una rutina para la graficación de mapas estadísticos utilizando R y sus diferentes librerías, mediante el caso del Índice de Desarrollo Humano Cantonal (IDH). Se utilizó R y las librerías ggplot2, ggspatial, sf, rgdal, plyr, ggrepel y readxl. El mapa base se obtuvo de un mapa vectorial en formato GeoJSON y la información a nivel de cantones se obtuvo de una hoja electrónica Excel, con información del Atlas de Desarrollo Humano Cantonal, 2021. Se integró la información del mapa vectorial con el Excel y se hizo la representación gráfica en R. En el mapa generado, los cantones de Santa Ana, Escazú y Belén tienen los valores de IDH más altos de forma general, los cantones de Heredia son los que poseen los valores más altos en conjunto. El cantón de Matina en la provincia de Limón posee el IDH más bajo del país. El mapa resultante en R es un gráfico de alta resolución que puede ser exportado a los formatos gráficos más populares JPG, TIFF, PNG, BMP, siendo así R una alternativa de software libre para generar mapas estadísticos de alta resolución.
O uso da Cultura Maker no ambiente escolar e sua interlocução com o ensino de Língua Portuguesa: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Serafim Ruth de Sousa Gondim , Gondim Raquel de Sousa , Vasconcelos Francisco Herbert Lima
Published: August 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar trabalhos que tratam sobre a utilização de ferramentas tecnológicas no ensino de Língua Portuguesa, bem como a incorporação dos conceitos de cultura maker, fabricação digital e práticas multiletradas. A pesquisa trata-se de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL). Para a pesquisa bibliográfica foram utilizados trabalhos publicados no período de 2017 até 2022 a partir dos repositórios digitais: Google Scholar, Brazilian Journal of Development, Revista Novas Tecnologias na Educação – RENOTE e Fórum Linguístico. Os resultados revelaram que, ao incorporar o uso de ferramentas tecnológicas no ensino de Língua Portuguesa, os educadores estão proporcionando oportunidades valiosas para que os estudantes desenvolvam competências e habilidades relevantes para a sociedade contemporânea.
Green Man
Authors: Hutton Ronald
Published: August 2023

The Green Man, a figure usually taken as representing the vivifying and fertilising power of the natural world, and especially of vegetation, has become one of the icons of modern ecology and environmental spirituality. He is often represented visually by a foliate head, gushing leaves from mouth and nose, of the kind found carved in medieval churches, and associated also with the foliate Jack-in-the-Green character in May Day festivities and with dying and returning fertility gods in ancient mythologies. This essay is intended to chart the development of the figure, which gains much of its emotive and creative power from being a twentieth-century construction, drawing on a range of disparate older images. It provides an important case study of the relationship between professional and independent scholarship in the creation of modern ideas, and the manner in which new and powerful iconic motifs can be evolved within modern spirituality.
Kocku von Stuckrad, A Cultural History of the Soul: Europe and North America from 1870 to the Present
Authors: Kripal Jeffrey
Published: August 2023

Kocku von Stuckrad, A Cultural History of the Soul: Europe and North America from 1870 to the Present (New York: Columbia University Press, 2022), 352 pp., $30 (pbk), ISBN: 9780231200370.
In Search of Green Men
Authors: MacDermott Mercia
Published: August 2023

In Explore Green Men (Heart of Albion Press, 2008) the British scholar Mercia MacDermott provided one of the most important and serious works on foliate-human iconography, which has become widely known in common parlance as the Green Man. She graciously agreed to let us reprint the chapter ‘Triple Hares and the Green Men: The Indian Connection’ along with a significantly shortened version of her introductory chapter, ‘In Search of Green Men’. Her introduction provides an important background for understanding Green Man research. The reprinted chapter suggests that Green Man iconography originated in India and subsequently journeyed to Europe with the Vikings. Because two of the articles in this issue of the JSRNC focus on such iconography in Norway, MacDermott’s proposal provides an essential baseline for exploring whether the Green Man was originally a cultural export that journeyed to Europe on a Viking ship. MacDermott’s niece, Dr. Gwen Adshead, assisted us with the editing of the article republished here; she can be contacted at Gwen.Adshead@westlondon.nhs.uk.
Miejsce etyki zawodowej w kształceniu pracowników socjalnych
Authors: Duda Małgorzata
Published: August 2023

The importance of professional ethics in the social worker profession has not been raised for as long as in recent years. The epidemic situation caused by SARS-Cov2 only strengthens these voices. The voices heard among both the managers of the in-stitutions of the social assistance system and the social workers themselves have led the author of this article to look into this issue. This article is based on the analysis of documents, analysis of the materials found, as well as on the opinions expressed by the students themselves in the field of social work.
Indywidualne i kolektywne prawa mniejszości narodowych i etnicznych w polskim porządku prawnym
Authors: Butrymowicz Magdalena
Published: August 2023

Nowadays, the doctrine and practice indicate the division of the state or general world community into groups, defining them as minorities. For the existence of a minority, there must therefore be a majority, which is the custom of the nation. Minorities in this construction of society therefore demand that they be granted a catalog of rights and that they be respected by the state. The state is therefore obliged to protect and guarantee these rights to minorities. Therefore, the question arises whether minori-ties as a group have collective rights or can such minorities be assigned a set of rights at all? In this study, I take the position that the human rights to which these minori-ties refer are rights of an individual nature, with the exception of a specific group of rights belonging only to indigenous and indigenous peoples, due to the unique nature of these rights.
“Green” Jobs in Russia
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Baltutite Iolanta
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The paper examines the trends in the development of the “green” economy associated with the creation of “green” jobs that contribute to the preservation, restoration and improvement of the quality of the environment. In Russia, there are prerequisites for the spread of “green” principles: the regulatory framework of the “green” economy is being formed; there are successful projects to save resources at individual enterprises. Purpose. The issues of employment are considered in the context of the development of a “green” economy, which makes it possible to coordinate the solution of the tasks of greening the labor market with its modernization and reduction of unemployment, with an increase in the environmental and energy efficiency of the economy. Methods. The methodological framework for the study is the methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are the methods of consistency, analysis and comparative law. Results. One of the main measures of the formation of a “green” economy in Russia should be the creation of “green” jobs to form an environmentally oriented labor market. For the development of “green” employment in Russia, it is necessary to develop and implement a detailed action plan at the state level, to underline priority economic activities to create “green” jobs. Conclusions. The main problems hindering the creation of “green” jobs in Russia and the training of qualified personnel for the “green” economy are considered. The factors contributing to the growth of “green” employment are identified. A list of “green” professions of the future is proposed. The key types of economic activity for the creation of “green” jobs in Russia are pointed out.