bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of anatomic and functional changes of the corneal endothelium in cataract patients undergoing phacoemulsification and MSICS
Authors: Khosa Gurvinder , Singh Karanijit , Kaur Prempal , Kumar Rajesh , Ajmani Upasna
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of Phacoemulsification and Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) on the corneal endothelium and to assess its impact on visual acuity and induced astigmatism.

In this prospective randomized study, 100 cases were randomly selected with the help of lottery system. 50 cases underwent phacoemulsification (group 1) and 50 underwent MSICS (group 2) by a single surgeon. The endothelial cell count, central corneal thickness, best corrected visual acuity and induced astigmatism was measured preoperatively and postoperatively on day 1, 7, 28 and on day 42.

Mean endothelial cell loss (cells/mm2) in group 1 at the end of six weeks was 538.64 (20.59%) and in group 2 was 485.66 (19.20%) which was statistically insignificant (p >0.05). The mean central corneal thickness was reduced in both the groups with a mean of 0.51±0.04 mm in group 1 and 0.50±0.03 mm in group 2 which was statistically insignificant. Postoperative best corrected visual acuity of more than 6/18 was found in 49 (98%) cases in each group at six weeks, and was statistically insignificant (p value > 0.05). Phacoemulsification group had statistically significant less mean postoperative astigmatism than MSICS group (p value < 0.05).

Both groups gave similar statistically insignificant results in relation to endothelial cell loss, central corneal thickness and best corrected visual acuity at the end of six weeks, although the mean astigmatism was more in group 2 in comparison to group 1 with a statistically significant difference.
Being There No Matter What: Working in Publicly Provided Homecare Services
Authors: Vänje Annika , Forssberg Karin Sjöberg
Published: June 2021

The aim of this article is to critically explore how formal and informal work practices interplay with gender in the shaping of homecare service’s work environments. An ethnomethodological view on doing gender is applied in combination with theories about challenges in relational work.The material is drawn from two projects represented by (i) a cooperative inquiry about Swedish homecare service’s work environments, with homecare service workers and first-line mangers (seven included in this article) and (ii) six semi-structured interviews with employees from a national work environment authority. The analytic procedure was qualitatively based using an abductive approach when looking for cohesive themes. Gendered organizational shortcomings that interplayed with the shaping of the work environments were lack of clear work descriptions, boundaries for work, resources for embodied work, and limited knowledge about risk assessment in relational work.
Existential Driving Forces to Work after Retirement: The Example of Physicians’ Mentoring
Authors: Bengtsson Mattias , Flisbäck Marita
Published: June 2021

The article addresses physicians who work as group supervisors or mentors in a training program after having formally retired. The driving forces to continue to work are analyzed in terms of the development of existential meaning of work at a particular stage of the life cycle. We argue that a deeper understanding of the existential driving forces, that both cause physicians to accept post-retirement mentoring tasks and that is awakened and developed in this specific work, would contribute to a deeper understanding of why individuals continue working into old age. However, in political discussions of an extended working life, similar aspects tend to be disregarded. Understanding the existential driving forces that cause an individual to continue working after retirement may be crucial to comprehending how we can take advantage of the resources of the older workforce and, thus, realize human potential at a later stage of the life cycle.
İbn Sînâ’nın Atomculuk Eleştirisinin Sonraki Kelâm Atomculuk Tartışmaları Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: DHANANI Alnoor
Published: June 2021

Kelâm atomculuğu, filozofların Aristotelesçi doğa felsefesine karşı durmuştur. İbn Sînâ, Şifâ isimli eserinin Fizik kısmında birçok argüman aracılığıyla kelâm atomculuğunun ayrıntılı bir reddine girişmiştir. Bu argümanlar, kelâma olan bağlılığı en iyi ihtimalle asgari düzeyde olan Gazzâlî tarafından sessiz karşılanmıştır. Daha etkili bir cevap, Şehristânî tarafından öne sürülmüş gibi görünmektedir. Ancak onun ayrıntıları, günümüze ulaşan kaynakların eksikliğinden dolayı kabataslak kalmıştır. Entelektüel gelişimi, İbn Sînâcılık’a bağlı kalarak onun atom-karşıtı argümanlarına güçlü bir şekilde sahip çıktığı evre ve onu takiben gelen İbn Sînâcılık ile kritik bir mücadele evresi şeklinde cereyan eden Fahreddîn er-Râzî, kelâm atomculuğunu savunma noktasında yeni argümanlar inşa etmesinin yanı sıra, İbn Sînâ’nın argümanlarının detaylı bir çürütmesini de yapmıştır.
The Derivational Processes of Coronavirus Related Terms in WHO Website "Mythbusters"
Authors: Butar Brando Pancarian
Published: June 2021

The present research discusses about the derivational process of Coronavirus in WHO website “Mythbusters”. The reason of choosing the topic is because word formation processes occur in various area, including scientific areas. The impact of Coronavirus disease influenced the usage of spesific terms related with Coronavirus. People need to understand the Coronavirus related terms, so that they able to use and understand new terms to help them deliver different kinds of information. This research has the purpose of figuring out what types of derivational word formation of Coronavirus related terms are found in the WHO "Mythbusters." Thus, a morphological approach is used to facilitate the researcher on conducting the analysis. The researcher conducted a qualitative research using content analysis in analyzing the data. Based on the analysis of derivational processes in WHO website “Mythbusters” article, the researcher found 24 coronavirus related terms formed by derivational processes. There are 18 coronavirus related terms formed by derivation process, which consist of 10 nominalizer and 8 adjectivalizer found in the article. The derivational affixes occur in “Mythbusters” are {-ion}, {Anti-}, {-ness}, {-ment}, {-al}, {-ous}, {-ful}, and {-y}. There are 6 coronavirus related term formed by compound process. 5 terms are formed with compound noun process, while the other is formed by compound adjective.  Key words: Derivational, Coronavirus, WHO
A Prospective Randomized Study on Intraoperative Haemodynamic and Post-Operative Recovery Characteristics of Sevoflurane and Desflurane in Thyroid Surgeries under General Anaesthesia in Wayanad District
Authors: Siddique Faias Karukappadath , Aravind Arun , Mansoortheen Ashabi
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Maintaining deep plane of anaesthesia to prevent haemodynamic fluctuation and absolute immobility at the same time ensuring early and smooth recovery to prevent bleeding and assessing vocal cord status are the challenges to the anaesthesiologists in thyroid surgeries. Use of volatile anaesthetics with low solubility and low blood gas partition coefficient are used for their haemodynamic stability and faster emergence from anaesthesia in various surgeries under general anaesthesia. we wanted to compare sevoflurane and desflurane in terms of intraoperative haemodynamics, postoperative emergence and recovery characteristics in thyroid surgeries of less than 2 hours duration. METHODS After getting institutional ethical committee approval, 70 patients belonging to American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA), physical status I or II undergoing elective thyroid surgery were randomly assigned to two groups to receive either 6 % Desflurane (group D ) or 2 % Sevoflurane (group S) for maintenance of general anaesthesia along with 33 % oxygen with 67 % nitrous oxide. The intraoperative heart rate, mean arterial pressure were recorded at 5 minute intervals and recovery characteristics including times to extubation, first spontaneous motion, response to painful pinch, recall of name, hand grip and PARS score ≥ 9 were recorded in both groups. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in mean heart rate and mean arterial pressure between group D and S and remained within 20 % of baseline. The time to achieve a PARS ≥ 9 was earlier in the desflurane group and it was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Desflurane and Sevoflurane based anaesthesia provides comparable intraoperative haemodynamics whereas post-operative recovery was quicker in patients who received Desflurane compared to Sevoflurane. KEYWORDS Desflurane, Haemodynamics, Recovery, Sevoflurane
Closure Methods for Midline Laparotomy Incisions Following Abdominal Surgery - A Comparative Study from Central India
Authors: Sengar Hari Om Singh , Charokar Kailash , Nema Prashant
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND The method adopted for incision closure has an influence on the outcomes of wound healing. The study was conducted to compare the ‘mass closure’ method with the conventional layer closure, and to find out the suitable surgical closure method for midline laparotomy incision. METHODS A prospective comparative study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching institute over a period of 2 years. Patients > 14 years of age, who were operated on by midline laparotomy incision, were included in the study group (N = 60). Either a ‘mass closure’ or the conventional layer closure method was adopted as per the operating surgeon’s choice. Based on the method used the cases were allocated into two groups, each with 30 patients. In the ‘mass closure’ group (Group A), continuous suturing was used in 22 patients and interrupted closure in 8 patients. In the ‘layered closure’ group (Group B), the abdomen was closed in layers using absorbable suture for the peritoneum (together with transversalis fascia) and non-absorbable for the linea alba. The patients were followed up postoperatively, and for 6 months after discharge from the hospital in follow-up for the detection of the wound complications. RESULTS The mean age of patients in Group A was 40.9 ± 15.48 years, and 41.03 ± 14.73 in Group B. There were 25 males and 5 females in Group A and 23 males and 7 females in Group B. Closure time of incision was significantly lower in the mass closure group (P < 0.05). The postoperative complications in Group A was 20 % (Seroma-1 patient, infection-3, partial wound dehiscence-1, and hernia-1). In Group B, the overall complication rate was 36 % (Seroma-3 patients, infection-5, burst abdomen- 1, hernia- 2). CONCLUSIONS Mass closure method is better than the conventional layer closure for the midline laparotomy incision. KEYWORDS Laparotomy, Layered Closure, Midline Incision, Mass Closure, Suture Technique
Evaluation of Focal Breast Lesions Using Ultrasound Elastography with FNAC and / or Histopathological Correlation - A Prospective Observational Study in the Region of Katihar, Bihar
Authors: Sinha Raunak , Ali Zafar , Jaiswal Manish , Mimansa Anuggya
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND We wanted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound elastography in the detection and characterization of various breast masses and study its role in differentiating benign vs malignant breast masses with fine needle aspirarion cytology (FNAC) and/or histopathological correlation of its findings. METHODS A total of 120 patients with breast lesions were prospectively evaluated using ultrasonography (USG) in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Katihar Medical College, Katihar, Bihar. After procuring consent from the patients, B-mode and elastography examination of all the patients was carried out simultaneously, using the Philips EPIQ 5G ultrasound machine. The findings were noted in a proforma for observation and further comparisons. The usefulness of elastography, regarding prediction of the nature of the mass (benign/malignant), delineation of its exact extent, and correlation with clinical/cytological diagnosis was studied. RESULTS A sensitivity of 97.0% and specificity of 86.7% was observed when a cut off value of 3 was used for elasticity score. A specificity of 95.5% and a sensitivity of 93.3% was observed when a cut off of 3.8 was used for strain ratio (SR). In all cases, the extent of the pathology, the local or contiguous spread and vascular involvement, predicted by ultrasound elastography examination corroborated well with the cytological findings. The results of this study are in concordance with results of studies that have been conducted previously. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound elastography is a simple and rapid method that can improve the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography of focal breast lesions and can decrease the rate of unnecessary biopsies. The diagnostic accuracy of combined ultrasound and elastography is quite high and thus improves the diagnostic confidence of the cases under evaluation. KEYWORDS Elastography, Ultrasound, Focal Breast Lesions
Association of Serum Gamma Glutamyl Transferase Level with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Its Correlation with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes - A Single Center Cross Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala
Authors: Rajan Baiju , Velappan Praveen , Salam Abdul , Kunjukrishnapillai Sivaprasad , Rajendran Kapil , Gomathy Binu Thankappan , Ranjan Ashis , Girish Girish
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a biomarker elevated in various cardiovascular diseases due to oxidation mediated free radical damage. It has been recently used in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events and in hospital adverse outcomes. The application of gamma glutamyl transferase to the traditional set of biomarkers like troponin I and T, creatinine kinase-MB (CKMB) adds to the value that it helps in reclassifying the patients into high and low risk and plan the appropriate treatment strategy. METHODS Patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes were classified into STEMI (ST elevation myocardial infarction), NSTEMI (Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction) and unstable angina based on cardiac biomarkers and electrocardiographic changes. Serum gamma glutamyl transferase of these patients were measured by photo spectrometry and were monitored for 5 days for major adverse cardiovascular events. RESULTS Of the study population (N = 210), 41 % presented with STEMI, 24 % unstable angina, 25 % NSTEMI. The normal range of GGT in our study population was 15 - 70 U/l. values more than 70 U/l was considered raised GGT major adverse cardiac events (MACE) was present in 35 % of the study population. 58 % of the patients with MACE had raised GGT (> 70 U/l) which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The ROC (receiver operator characteristic curve) for GGT to predict MACE was to the left of the reference line and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.915. The optimal cut-off for GGT to predict MACE from our study was 50.5 with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.813 and 0.868 respectively. CONCLUSIONS Raised GGT was significantly associated with MACE and in hospital adverse outcomes (ventricular arrythmias, heart failure, recurrent angina). GGT can be used as a prognostic marker in patients presenting with ACS. KEYWORDS Gamma Glutamyl Transferase, Acute Coronary Syndromes, St Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Unstable Angina
A Study of Serum Calcium and Magnesium Levels in Idiopathic Epilepsy Patients of Hubli, Karnataka, India
Authors: Kachapur Chandrashekar , Kallimani Seetaram N. , B.H Gayathri , Hasabi Ishwar S. , Devarhoru Zahura M.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Magnesium is a potential modulator of seizure activity because of its ability to antagonize the excitatory calcium influx through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor which is thought to play a role in many human forms of epilepsy. When the extracellular concentration of calcium ion falls below normal, the nervous system becomes more excitable, allowing easy initiation of action potentials. Consequently, hypocalcaemia causes seizures because of its action of increasing excitability in the brain. We wanted to estimate the serum concentration of calcium and magnesium in idiopathic epilepsy patients and its co-relation. METHODS 94 cases of idiopathic epilepsy with breakthrough seizures admitted to KIMS Hospital, Hubli, meeting the inclusion criteria were considered for the study which was for 2-years’ time period. It’s a single centred, time bound and cross sectional study. RESULTS Mean serum calcium was low 8.36 ± 0.45 mg / dL and mean serum magnesium was 1.79 ± 0.28 mg / dL. 64.9 % had total serum calcium less than 8.5 mg / dL and 44.7 % had serum magnesium of < 1.8 mg / dL. 35.1 % had both low calcium and magnesium. There was significant difference in mean serum calcium with respect to number of episodes. There was no significant difference in mean serum magnesium with respect to number of episodes. CONCLUSIONS Serum calcium and magnesium levels which play a role in seizure initiation should be measured in all idiopathic epilepsy patients with breakthrough seizures as a seizure trigger. Considering the role of calcium and magnesium in the pathophysiology of seizures and by evaluating the results from the present study, breakthrough seizure could be provoked by hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesemia. Hence they may be used for the treatment of intractable seizures. KEYWORDS Calcium, Magnesium, Idiopathic Epilepsy
Functional Outcome Following Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India - An Observational Study
Authors: Jose Joyal , Parameswaran Sabu Chaniveliyil , Rajappan Aniraj
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) often accompany trauma to limbs and is a major cause of morbidity. Various surgical techniques are described for nerve repair and various factors influence the functional outcome after repair. This study intends to assess the functional outcome following PNI repair and various factors affecting the final outcome post repair. In this study we wanted to assess the functional outcome of PNI repair done at our institute. METHODS This is a prospective observational study conducted at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, India, from September 2017 to September 2019 (24 months) in patients with a diagnosis of traumatic peripheral nerve injury. Data collected were analysed by statistical programme for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. Quantitative variables were expressed in mean & standard deviation (SD) and qualitative variables were expressed in proportions. Associations were tested by chi-square test. RESULTS A total of 100 patients were studied. Overall satisfactory sensory outcome was found to be 45.2% in median nerve and 45.5 % in ulnar nerve injuries (P value - 0.492). Overall satisfactory motor outcome was found to be 45.2 % in median nerve and 36.3 % in ulnar nerve injuries (P value - 0.391). Age < 40 years was found to be significantly associated with a good sensory and motor recovery. Diabetes mellitus was associated with a poor sensory and motor outcome compared to patients without any comorbidities. Use of nerve grafts was associated with less sensory recovery compared to primary nerve coaptation (P value - 0.496). Nerve repairs done between 4 - 7 days of injury had better sensory and motor outcome. CONCLUSIONS Traumatic peripheral nerve repair has a variable functional outcome and is dependent on various factors like age and other patient related factors, mechanism of injury and the type of nerve repair. Accurate diagnosis, attention to detail and timely intervention can improve the overall functional outcome. KEYWORDS Peripheral Nerve Injury, Nerve Repair, Functional Outcome
Bacterial Aetiological Agents in Infected Orthopaedic Implants - A Cross Sectional Study from Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam
Authors: Cheemala Sulakshana Sony , Koripella Rama Lakshmi , Perala Bala Murali Krishna
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Orthopaedic implant site infection is one of the major problems of surgical site infection associated with high morbidity and mortality. As implants are commonly used in orthopaedic procedures and especially when preceded by trauma, orthopaedic procedures are more prone for surgical site infections. We wanted to study the aerobic bacterial aetiology of infected orthopaedic implants. METHODS This was a cross sectional study carried out over a period of one and half years. The study group comprised of 100 patients who had undergone orthopaedic prosthetic implant surgeries and presented with signs and symptoms of infections. The demographic data were recorded, type of surgery, the time of infection during postoperative period and risk factors were noted. Serous / purulent discharge adjacent to infected implants were processed in the laboratory as per the standard protocol. RESULTS Among the 100 samples studied, 79 % were culture positive and 21 % culture sterile. 55.7 % were Gram-positive cocci isolated in pure, 29.1 % were Gramnegative bacilli (GNB) isolated in pure and 15.2 % were a mixture of Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli. Staphylococcus aureus 45 (80.4 %) was the predominant isolate followed by Coagulase Negative staphylococci 11(19.6 %). Among the GNB (35), the predominant isolate was Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10 (28.6 %) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 8 (22.9 %). Infections occurred during the early post-operative period in 63 % cases. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus were 53.4 % and 35 % were extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) among Enterobacteriaceae strains. CONCLUSIONS Orthopaedic implant site infections are common during early post-operative period. Methicillin resistant staphylococcus and ESBL strains were high. This study of aerobic bacterial analysis and their current antibiogram of orthopaedic implant infections would greatly help the orthopaedic surgeons in selecting appropriate antibiotics for prophylaxis as well as better management of patients. KEYWORDS Orthopaedic Implants, MRSA, ESBL, Orthopaedic Implant Infections, Biofilm
Реабилитация после устранения диастаза прямых мышц живота с применением отдельных тренажеров механотерапии
Authors: Гращенкова А.Н. , Пузин С.Н. , Богова О.Т. , Ачкасов Е.Е. , Иванова Л.В.
Published: June 2021

Диастаз прямых мышц это расхождение внутренних краев этих мышц на расстояние более 27 мм на уровне пупка, или более 22 мм на уровне 3 см над пупком вследствие ослабления и растяжения белой линии живота. Термин «диастаз» происходит от греческого слова διάστασις, что означает «расхождение». Это может произойти во время беременности и после родов, может поражать до 100% беременных женщин, и может сохраняться отдельно в послеродовом периоде у 35–60% женщин. Прямые мышцы живота — это две вертикальные мышцы, расположенные между реберной дугой и лонной костью. Правая и левая прямые мышцы соединены между собой так называемой белой линией — тонкой и прочной сухожильной мембраной белого цвета (именно поэтому она и называется «белой линией»). Белый цвет ей придает большое количество прочного фибриллярного (волокнистого) белка коллагена и отсутствие мышечных волокон.
Морфофункциональная характеристика трубчатых костей у крыс при гипофункции околощитовидных желѐз
Authors: Расулов Х.А. , Хидирова Г.О. , Мусурмонқулов Ж.М. , Юсупова Г. , Хикматов Ж. , Абдуллаева И.
Published: June 2021

Исследование посвящено к изучению влияния изменений функциональной активности околощитовидных желѐз на морфологическую интенсивность формирования костной ткани. Проведено экспериментальное моделирование гипопаратиреоза у лабораторных крыс (п=30) и проанализирована динамика морфологических изменений в процессе окостенения костной ткани. На основе результатов морфологических методов исследования раскрыта динамика формирования трубчатых костей, а также установлены закономерности окостенения костной ткани на фоне гипопаратиреоза. В результате исследования было показано отличие от нормальной гистологической картины гипопаратиреоидных особей в зонах роста, именно базальном слое хондроциты вакуолизированы. Местами определяются появление юных остеобластов, они расположены по типу разнонаправленной архитектоники.
Ранняя диагностика железодефицитных состояний у детей-аллергиков
Authors: Черток Е.Д. , Гудков В.М. , Бакутина Ю.Ю.
Published: June 2021

Основной причиной развития анемии в детском возрасте является дефицит железа. Однако, диагноз железодефицитной анемии выставляется, как правило, только при выявлении изменений в гемограмме, а начальные стадии дефицита железа в виде сидеропенического синдрома остаются нераспознанными, и коррекция дефицита железа не проводится. Дефицит железа приводит к снижению иммунной защиты и развитию частых респираторных заболеваний, которые являются триггерным фактором возникновения обострений респираторных аллергических заболеваний (бронхиальная астма, аллергический ринит). Целью нашей работы была возможность выявления ранних признаков железодефицитного состояния у детей-аллергиков. Проведено исследование амбулаторных карт и анкетирование родителей 139 детей с различными аллергическими заболеваниями (бронхиальная астма, аллергический ринит, атопический дерматит). По результатам анкетирования признаки сидеропенического синдрома выявлены у 76,2% детей. Частые респираторные заболевания отмечены у 62,4% детей, которые характеризовались длительным субфебрилитетом (до 7-10 дней), затяжным кашлем и насморком. У большинства детей уровень гемоглобина был в пределах нормальных значений, однако зарегистрировано снижение среднего объема эритроцитов, что является достоверным признаком железодефицитного состояния. Рекомендуется обратить внимание участковых педиатров на тщательный сбор анамнеза и анализ гемограммы с целью выявления сидеропенического синдрома и своевременного проведения заместительной терапии препаратами железа.
Tactics of surgical treatment of deep intermuscular gluteal region phlegmons
Authors: Byakova E.N. , Tatyanchenko V.K. , Bogdanov V.L. , Sukhaya Y.V. , Krasenkov Y.V.
Published: June 2021

Purpose. The purpose is to improve the results of treatment of patients with phlegmon of the gluteal region soft tissues by diagnosing the stage of tissue hypertension and determining the tactics of surgical treatment depending on this indicator. Materials and methods. Clinical studies were performed on 74 patients suffering from phlegmon of the gluteal region. All the patients were divided into 2 groups: in the main group (as opposed to the control group), acute tissue hypertension syndrome was diagnosed and decompressive fasciotomy was performed in tissue hypertension (30–35 mm Hg) (patent). The authors performed ultrasound cavitation and ozone therapy of a purulent wound. Results. With phlegmon of the gluteal region of soft tissues, an increase in tissue pressure by 25% above the norm is an indication for fasciotomy in the area of fascial nodes. The time of purulent wound cleaning against the background of normal tissue pressure (8–10 mm Hg) of the surgery in patients of the main group was reduced to 5 days (8 days in the control). In the long-term (0.5–1 years), good results were obtained in 92.8% of patients in the main group (64.7% in the control group). Conclusion. The developed tactics of treatment of patients with phlegmon of the soft tissues of the gluteal region are highly effective due to the development and application of new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of tissue hypertension.
Эрозивные эзофагиты при гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни, ассоциированные с ночными рефлюксами и сниженным уровнем адипонектина
Authors: Козлова Н.М. , Калиновская И. Ю. , Клевцова О.В.
Published: June 2021

Одним из факторов риска развития ГЭРБ является избыточная масса тела или ожирение. Кислые ночные рефлюксы являются особо неблагоприятными, так как непосредственно связаны с развитием эрозивного эзофагита и осложнений ГЭРБ. В патогенезе ГЭРБ у молодых лиц с избыточной массой тела и ожирением играют роль гуморальные механизмы (адипокины, в частности – адипонектин), а также анатомические и функциональные факторы (абдоминальное ожирение, патологические ночные кислые рефлюксы), что ведет к развитию более тяжелых форм ГЭРБ (степени В и С эрозивного эзофагита) и осложнений (пищевод Барретта).
Оптимизация технологии сепарации ядер от дробленой скорлупы фруктовых косточек
Authors: Сатаев М.И. , Азимов А.М. , Алексеева Н.В. , Аширбаев Ж.С. , Дуисебаев Ш.Е. , Искандаров З.С.
Published: June 2021

Разработана технология сепарации ядер от дробленой скорлупы. Определены технологические и режимно - конструктивные параметры оборудования для сепарации скорлупы и ядра. Ядро будет классифицироваться на три дисперсности: порошок, средний разбитый, целый. В разработанной технологии перемещение и разделение сепарируемого ядра лентой, по меньшей мере, на двух уровнях наклонных лент, на которых сепарируемое ядро за счет наклона поверхности ленты одновременно ворошат и смещают к отсекателям, смонтированным в нижней части каждой ленты под углом к направлению перемещения сепарируемого материала, при этом на каждом уровне часть сепарируемого ядра, не превышающего габариты выполненных в ленте гнезд, определяющих размер отсепарированной фракции, отделяют от основного потока, захватывают и отводят в соответствующие приемники, а оставшуюся часть потока сепарируемого ядра при помощи лотков направляют на следующий уровень сепарации. Использование предлагаемой технологии сепарации позволяет повысить технологические возможности сепаратора, повысить эффективность процесса сепарации за счет использования нескольких уровней сепарации с последовательным отделением различных фракций сепарируемых ядер фруктовых косточек и повысить выход годной продукции.
Эффективность использования оценки сочетаемости линий свиней на их продуктивность
Authors: Третьякова О.Л. , Солонникова В.С. , Овчинников Д.Д. , Романцова С.С.
Published: June 2021

Отсутствие этапа проверки (оценки) сочетаемости линий, используемых в гибридизации, превращает гибридизацию в промышленное скрещивание, основным недостатком которого является отсутствие гарантированного эффекта гетерозиса, его нестабильность. Целью работы было исследование вопросов, касающихся определения общей комбинационной способности линий свиней. В качестве примера работы программы приведена оценка сочетаемости трех линий: Смарагда, Свата, Секрета.
О перспективах эксплуатации наследий международных спортивных соревнований
Authors: Мокина А.Е. , Серватинский В.В.
Published: June 2021

Актуальным является вопрос о востребованности спортивных объектов после проведения спортивных соревнований. Представлен обзор способов эксплуатации спортивных объектов – наследий чемпионата мира по футболу, олимпийских игр, универсиады. Предложена концепция управления спортивным объектом.
Применение математических моделей на рынке складских услуг на транспорте
Authors: Антипенко В.С. , Бабич Н.С. , Галкин К.В.
Published: June 2021

В работе приводится примеры использования (s,S) стратегии управления запасами для случайных значений времени задержки и спроса при производстве изделий автомобильного транспорта
Результаты испытаний по определению уровня шума, генерируемого вращением единичного ротора на льду
Authors: Вахидов У.Ш. , Макаров В.С. , Манянин С.Е. , Мокеров Д.С. , Молев Ю.И.
Published: June 2021

В настоящей статье приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований по генерации звукового излучения элементом вездеходного движителя – базовым цилиндром при его движении по льду. Актуальность работы рассмотрена в контексте охраны окружающей среды вообще и в частности необходимости снижения акустического загрязнения при использовании вездеходных машин при их движении по замѐрзшим водоѐмам в зимний период. В работе приведены результаты статистической обработки полученных данных, оценена точность полученных регрессионных зависимостей, произведена их проверка на адекватность и воспроизводимость. Дальнейшее развитие описанных научных исследований связано с в выявлением потенциальных возможностей снижение акустического шума, создаваемого движущейся вездеходной техникой для обеспечения комфортной работы оператора и снижения акустического загрязнения окружающей среды.
Исследование безопасности дорожного движения с использованием программноцелевого метода
Authors: Якунин С.Н. , Сюсюкало Ю.С.
Published: June 2021

С увеличением автомобилей в субъектах Российской Федерации происходит повышение плотности и перегруженности дорог общего пользования, что стимулирует рост дорожно-транспортных происшествий (ДТП). Для рассмотрения факторов, влияющих на ДТП, необходимо разобраться, что скрывается за этим понятием и как оно воздействует на безопасность дорожного движения. В рамках статьи рассматриваем способ обеспечения и повышения безопасности дорожного движения на основе программно-целевого метода. Для подробного изучения данной темы использованы статистические данные о количестве произошедших на территории Российской Федерации дорожно-транспортных происшествий.
Основные характеристики понятия «концепт» в современной лингвокультурологии
Authors: Самаева А.М.
Published: June 2021

В данной статье рассматриваются характерные обозначения понятия «концепт» с точки зрения лингвокультурологии. Разнообразие подходов изучения данного термина дает более широкий обзор на картину его семантики.
Assessment of Disease Activity and Complications in Patients of Pulmonary Tuberculosis by High Resolution Computed Tomography
Authors: Jain Ashwani , Malhotra Ankur , Arora Deepti , Maqusood Mazher , Kumar Sunil
Published: June 2021

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem and the second most common infectious cause of death. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is far more superior to chest radiography as well as conventional CT for analyzing the pulmonary parenchyma. This study aimed to evaluate the role of HRCT in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with respect to disease activity and complication after anti-tubercular therapy (ATT).
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre (TMMC&RC) for a period of 1.5 years. A total of 50 cases of newly diagnosed TB were included in the study and a standard six-month ATT was given to the patients. Pulmonary involvement was evaluated by HRCT (128 slice multi-detector PHILIPS INGENUITY CT scanner), twice for each patient (first scan after diagnosis and second after treatment completion). The acquired HRCT images were reconstructed on a highresolution lung algorithm and parenchymal, bronchial, and extra parenchymal findings were recorded systematically.
Results: Out of the 50 patients, 5 died within two months of the initiation of treatment and four were lost to follow-up. Thus, post treatment follow-up sample size was reduced to 41 patients. Ill-defined nodules (96%), tree-in-bud pattern (74%), consolidation (86%), cavitary lesions (98%), and ground glass opacities (58%) were the main imaging features of active cases of TB on HRCT. Resolution to thin-walled cavitary lesions (36.5%), bronchiectasis (41.5%), and fibrotic (parenchymal) bands (66%) were common complications or sequelae which were observed after completion of treatment.
Conclusion: HRCT thorax is a sensitive modality for evaluation of parenchymal and airway manifestations in cases of PTB and can aid in differentiation of active disease from healed disease. It allows early identification of post-treatment complications and sequelae in patients of PTB.
Rare Presentation of Wilson Disease in an 11-year-old Sudanese Girl
Authors: Dafallah Mumen Abdalazim , Habour Elsanosi , Ragab Esraa Ahmed , Shouk Zahraa Mamoun , Hamad Fawzeia , Ahmed Musaab , Ahmed Mohamed H.
Published: June 2021

Background: Wilson disease is an inherited disorder in which excessive amount of copper accumulates in various tissues of the body. Clinical features related to copper deposition in the liver may appear in the first and second decades followed by neurologic and psychiatric thereafter; however, many patients have a combination of these symptoms.
Case: We report a case of 11 year-old girl, admitted to Wad Medani Pediatric Teaching Hospital with generalized body swellings for four days. Initial investigations showed proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia, thought to be due to nephrotic syndrome. Days later, patient developed jaundice and neuropsychiatric manifestations. A slit lamb examination confirmed the presence of Kayser–Fleischer ring (KF ring) and she scored high in the scoring system for the diagnosis of Wilson disease. Dpenicillamine treatment therapy was started and unfortunately the patient’s clinical condition deteriorated gradually, and eventually went into deep coma and died. Wilson disease mainly affects the liver, but the initial presentation was completely compatible with nephrotic syndrome.
Conclusion: Diagnosis of Wilson disease should be suspected in a child presenting with generalized body swellings even in the absence of clinical evidence of hepatic and/or neuropsychiatric involvements.
The Polymorphisms of Epidermal Growth Factor-driven Signaling and Cancer Pathogenesis
Authors: Dugăeșescu Monica , Mușat Florentina , Andronic Octavian
Published: June 2021

Background: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a stimulating protein for cell proliferation and differentiation. An amplification of its signaling pathway has been frequently reported in numerous malignant tumors. Specific polymorphisms of the genes encoding proteins involved in this cellular pathway may constitute risk factors for carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify the most relevant polymorphisms of EGF and their signaling pathways and their relation to carcinogenesis.
Methods: The study included 40 full-text articles published between January 2010 and May 2020, extracted from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases in May 2020, using the following keywords: EGF OR epidermal growth factor AND polymorphism AND cancer OR neoplasia OR tumor.
Results: We identified relevant polymorphisms of the EGF signaling pathway that were involved in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and head and neck cancer. Rs4444903 variants have been widely studied and the association with numerous tumors has been confirmed by multiple studies. Other frequently investigated polymorphisms are –191C/A and –216G>T.
Conclusion: The polymorphisms of EGF signaling pathway have been widely studied in connection to various malignancies. Some predisposing variants are common in different forms of cancer. These polymorphisms might be general risk factors for carcinogenesis.
COVID-19 Course in Patients Receiving Pneumococcal Vaccine
Authors: KAYA Abdulkadir
Published: June 2021

Objective: The coronavirus pandemic emerged at the end of 2019 and still affects the whole world, causing severe deaths. The COVID-19 vaccine is highly anticipated, but the emphasis is also given to other vaccines. In this study, the data of 16 cases known having received a pneumococcal vaccine during the COVID-19 period were examined.

Methods: Of the 200 COVID-19 cases aged over 65, data of 16 patients who have had pneumococcal vaccination were accessed using the hospital health registry and the national health system records (https://enabiz.gov.tr/). Prognostic factors and COVID-19-related findings of these patients were given in frequency tables. In addition, all raw data were presented in a detailed table.

Results: Most of the cases were PCR positive (68.75%), and in 68.75% of the persons, the CT was compatible with COVID-19. Fourteen of the cases were treated by hospitalization. One patient was followed as an outpatient, and one case had already died when brought to the emergency room.

Conclusion: Data on cases known to have received the pneumococcal vaccine, which became important during the COVID-19 outbreak, were presented. This work will motivate researchers to conduct large-scale studies.
Comparison Of Death Numbers And Causes in Kayseri Province Before And During The Covid Pandemic, In The First Five Months Of 2019-2020
Authors: GÖKÇEK Mebrure Beyza , ASLANER Humeyra , ÇETİN Adil , GÖKÇEK İrfan , BENLİ Ali Ramazan
Published: June 2021

Objective: The spread of a new contagious disease across the world is called a pandemic. COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic by WHO on 11th March 2020. Although treatment modalities and vaccines are being developed against COVID-19 disease, COVID-19 related deaths continue and the rate of infectious diseases among all causes of death increases. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of COVID-19 infection on mortality statistics by comparing mortality statistics in the first five months of 2020 with mortality statistics in the same period of 2019.

Method: This study was conducted by evaluating the death records of Kayseri Provincial Directorate of Health for the first five months of 2019 and 2020, during 1st June-1st July 2020. It is a retrospective and descriptive study. In the study, data on dates (months) of deaths, ages, genders, marital statuses, causes of death and manners of death (infectious disease, forensic, natural death) in Kayseri were evaluated. Approval of the Ethics Committee, dated 14.05.2020 and numbered 70, was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Clinical Research of the Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital. The data was evaluated in the SPSS (version 21.0) statistical package software in computer environment.

Results: A total of 6840 deaths occurred in the first five months of 2019-2020. Of these, 54.6% were male and 45.4% were female. The monthly average numbers of death in 2019 and 2020 were similar. Rates of disease diagnoses had changed in 2019 and 2020. In 2020, all-cause mortality rates, including COVID-19, were higher among men. The total mortality rate of infectious diseases was 20.2% in 2019, and the mortality rate due to infectious diseases including COVID-19 was 20.1% in 2020.

Conclusion: As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures taken to isolate the outbreak and the prohibitions imposed, there have been significant changes in the rates of certain specific causes of death. However, there was no significant change in the total number of deaths during the first five months in Kayseri province.
Estratégia de resistência em interlocução com a Divisão Sexual do Trabalho: o diferencial feminino com vistas a romper as barreiras de gênero
Authors: Quirino Raquel , Gonçalves Bruna de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

A Constituição de 1988 representou avanços importantes às mulheres no que diz respeito às garantias legais e abriu caminhos para que outros aparatos jurídicos fossem criados com vistas à equidade de gênero no Brasil. Em se tratando do trabalho, no entanto, as teorias da Divisão Sexual do Trabalho postulam, com seus princípios organizadores, que existem trabalhos de homens e trabalhos de mulheres e, aquele executado por eles tem valor superior ao que elas realizam. Frente às injustiças de gênero anunciadas pela literatura científica, confirmadas em dados estatísticos e nos discursos de várias trabalhadoras investigadas, as mulheres não aceitam passivamente a realidade que as coloca na posição de desprestígio, mobilizando, assim, diversas estratégias de luta e resistência. Neste artigo, as falas de diferentes mulheres, sujeitos de pesquisas de pós-graduação stricto sensu, evidenciam que as mulheres desenvolvem um diferencial para que consigam oportunidades minimamente mais próximas às concedidas aos homens no mundo do trabalho. Destarte, por ser um movimento de importância inestimável para a redução das desigualdades, urge que a sociedade avance no sentido de que as exigências profissionais que recaem sobre as mulheres sejam as mesmas que atingem os homens, bem como a divisão justa das tarefas domésticas e a valorização equânime da força de trabalho de ambos.
ROMERO, Alejandro (2021): Contubernios nacionales. Una panorámica ilustrada de las teorías de la conspiración de la derecha española. Madrid: Akal.
Authors: Moreno del Rio Carmelo
Published: June 2021

Reseña lietraria
Investigation of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in patients with hematological malignancy
Authors: DUZKALE Neslihan , YÜCE KAHRAMAN Çiğdem , KİKİ İlhami , YILDIRIM Rahşan , SİNCAN Gülden , TATAR Abdulgani
Published: June 2021

Aim: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms can be considered as a molecular marker in susceptibility to various types of cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential relationship of mtDNA polymorphisms with disease etiopathogenesis in patients with hematological malignancy.

Material and Methods: This study was carried out with the participation of 80 patients diagnosed with hematological malignancy and 80 healthy individuals in the Department of Medical Genetics, Atatürk University. In all participants, 13 polymorphism regions of 6 coding genes of mtDNA were investigated by Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. SNPs evaluated in the study; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5-13704 (C/T), Cytochrome b 15315 (C/T), 12S rRNA 740 (G/A) and 680 (T/C), Cytochrome C Oxidase I 7319 (T/C), -7444 (G/A), Cytochrome C Oxidase II 8252 (C/G), 7660 (G/A), 7975 (A/G), 8014 (A/G), 8113 (C/A), 8152 (G/A) and tRNA lysine 8310 (T/C) were identified as.

Results: ND-5 13704 (C>T) polymorphism was statistically significant in patients with hematological malignancies compared to healthy controls (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between patients and controls in other evaluated polymorphisms.

Conclusion: Although the findings obtained from this study suggest that mtDNA ND-5 13704 (C>T) polymorphism may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of hematological malignancies, large-scale studies are needed to determine the importance of this polymorphic region.
Evaluating high serum digoxin concentration risk factors interaction between direct oral anticoagulant agents and digoxin
Authors: ÇOMAKLI Hakan , KADER Saadet , TEKİNDAL Mustafa Agah , ECEVİT Ata Niyazi , GÜNERTEM Eren
Published: June 2021

Aim:Digoxin is an anti-arrhythmic drug that also has a positive inotropic property. It is mainly used to control heart rate in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, and improve ejection fraction in heart failure. In recent years, the frequency of digoxin and a combination of new drug using has been increasing. Therefore, to assess the pharmacokinetic interaction between direct oral anticoagulant agents and cardiovascular drugs is necessary for intoxications.
Material and Methods:Patients Serum Digoxin Concentrations levels and digoxin intoxications were evaluated according to risk factors investigated retrospectively Patients Serum Digoxin Concentrations levels <1 ng/ml is accepted as low, 1-2 ng/ml therapeutic range, 2.1-2.4 ng/ml is high and >2.4 ng/ml toxicity.
Results:The study consisted of 248 females (60.2%) and 160 males (39.2%). The mean age of the patients was 70.5 years. The average age of patients was 70.5 years. Serum digoxin concentrations of 408 patients; 44.81% were detected in the low therapeutic range, 34.41% in the therapeutic range, 6.23% in the high therapeutic range, 14.55% in the toxic therapeutic range. The mean glomerular filtration rate was 58.45, and the mean Serum Digoxin Concentration was 1.36 ng/ml. The statistically significant relationship between age and Patients Serum Digoxin Concentration was 16.3% (p <0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship between Glomerular Filtration Rate and Serum Digoxin Concentrations; one increased and the other decreased (p <0.05). In patients without atherosclerotic heart disease, Serum Digoxin Concentration was significantly lower than those with atherosclerotic heart disease(p< 0.05). Serum Digoxin Concentrations were significantly higher in patients treated with rivaroxaban, the proportions of which differ significantly from each other at the 0.05 level.
Conclusion:Nowadays, the frequency of using digoxin and direct oral anticoagulants together is increasing. The narrow therapeutic level of digoxin necessitates close monitoring due to drug-drug interactions.