bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospective comparison of conscious nasal versus oral video upper GI endoscopy in adults
Authors: Prabudoss G. S. , Shah Neha Prashant
Published: April 2019

Background: Endoscopy procedures are now becoming a mandate for any upper or lower abdominal conditions in addition to any radiological investigations. Patients have reluctance. It's mainly because of the painful experience they come across during upper GI endoscopy. If pain can be addressed during endoscope then all patients would smile after this procedure. The main objective of the study is to compare nasal endoscopy vs conventional endoscopy in gastrointestinal disorders.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department in the department of bariatric and metabolic surgery, Apollo Spectra Hospitals, Chennai. Totally 200 cases were included in the study for the study. Nasal packing was done with xylocaine and oxymetazoline without oral spraying of 10% xylocaine. Oral mouth gag was not inserted in nasal cases. Pain score was primarily used as a scoring method.Results: Comparative study was done for both groups for pain score, gag reflux, nausea, comfort level, voice change, image clarity, intervention procedures, and overall scoring was done. There was a significant advantage in the nasal endoscopy group.Conclusions: More screening endoscopies can be done for a large patient population to diagnose Gastro diseases at an early stage if a painless endoscopy can be offered instead of regular endoscopy hereafter. But however, the endoscopy suite should have regular scope for therapeutic procedures.
Alvarado score in acute appendicitis: revisited
Authors: Seshadri Lakshmi Narayanan , Baya reddy Preethi , Mohan L. N.
Published: April 2019

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease with a major worldwide burden. It is the fourth most frequently diagnosed malignancy in both sexes with almost 1 million people developing CRC annually. The present study of colorectal carcinoma helps us to determine the disease on clinical presentation, histopathological typing and grading; to know surgical procedures and other therapeutic options as well as the outcome of the disease.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed two hundred and four adult patients who were operated for suspected acute appendicitis between September 2003 and August 2008.Results: Patients with Alvarado scores more than 6 were most likely to have acute appendicitis. Patients with biopsy confirmed acute appendicitis had a mean score 6.16±1.84 (p=0.0001). Patients with histopathology showing no acute appendicitis had a mean score of 4.15±1.86 (p=0.0001). The overall positive predictive value of the Alvarado scoring is 95 and.Conclusions: The Alvarado score is useful in diagnosing acute appendicitis and a high score strongly correlates with a definitive operative and histopathological diagnosis of acute appendicitis. We propose that a diagnosis of acute appendicitis can be made with a score of >6 as compared to a score of >8 as described in literature.
Thyroidectomy: post-operative complications and management
Authors: Soni Nikhil , Gedam Bapuji Shravan , Akhtar Murtaza
Published: April 2019

Background: Thyroidectomy is a surgical procedure indicated as elective treatment for symptomatic thyroid swellings or neoplasms. Today most of the complications of thyroid surgery are related to either metabolic derangements or injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Other complications include superior laryngeal nerve injury, infection, airway compromise, and bleeding. Hence, before any thyroid surgery patient must be precisely informed the possible complications and their remedies. The present study aims to evaluate post-operative complications after thyroid surgery.Methods: In a tertiary care hospital based longitudinal study patients presenting with clinically and sonographically diagnosed thyroid swelling who underwent surgical intervention were enrolled in the study. These patients were evaluated for thyroid profile test, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), pre-operative and post-operative indirect laryngoscopy, serum calcium level and histopathology. Intra operative and post-operative assessment was done for bleeding, hematoma, and surgical site infection.Results: A total of 53 patients were enrolled. Thyroid swelling was more common in females (F: M =5.6:1) mostly presenting in 3rd and 4th decades with mean age of 38.1 years. Hemithyroidectomy was the most common procedure performed (63.6%) followed by total (27.3%) and near total thyroidectomies (5.5%). On histopathological examination most common finding was nodular goiter (49.1%) followed by multinodular goiter (28.3%), follicular adenoma (16.9%) and malignancies (5.7%). The post-operative complications after thyroidectomies were hypocalcemia (16.9%), recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury (5.7%), and surgical site infection (1.9%).Conclusions: Careful evaluation of post thyroidectomy complications will help in reducing these complications and patient’s safety.
Sağlık Alanında Kamu Kurumlarının Sosyal Medya Kullanımına Bir Örnek: Sağlık Bakanlığı 2017 yılı Twitter Hesabının İncelenmesi
Authors: Şenol Yiğit , Avcı Kadriye
Published: April 2019

ÖZAMAÇ: Günümüzde sosyal medya sağlık iletişimi ve sağlığı geliştirme alanında fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Sosyal medya halkın sağlığını geliştirmek için sağlık kurumları tarafında da kullanılmaktadır. Sosyal medyayı kullanan kurumlardan biride Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığıdır. Bu çalışma 2017 yılı içerisinde T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın Twitter’dan göndermiş olduğu tweetlerin içeriklerini, incelemek amaçlanmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırmada 01.01.2017-31.12.2017 tarihleri arasında T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı resmi Twiter hesabı @SaglikBakanligi’nde paylaşılmış olan orijinal tweetler incelenmiştir. Tweetler içeriklerine göre gruplara ayrılmıştır. Retweet, beğeni ve yorum sayıları kaydedilmiştir. Yorum, retweet ve beğeni sayıları ortalama, ortanca, standart sapma, en büyük ve en küçük olarak belirtilmiştir. Tweet konuları yüzde ve frekans olarak sunulmuştur.BULGULAR: 2017 yılı içerisinde 571 orijinal tweet gönderildiği görülmüştür. Sağlık konuları ile ilişkili toplamda 393 (%68.33) tweet gönderilmiş iken sağlık dışı konular ile ilgili 178 (%31.17) tweet gönderilmiştir. Sağlık konuları ile en sık tweet sağlıklı beslenme ve beslenme önerileri, fiziksel aktivitenin önemi ve faydaları konularında gönderilmiştir.SONUÇ: T.C. Sağlık bakanlığı da çeşitli sosyal medya platformları (Twiter, Instagram Facebook, Youtube) üzerinden sağlık mesajları vermekte ve sosyal medyadan faydalanmaktadır. Doğru bilgi kaynağı olarak sağlık konularında bilgilendirme yaparak sağlık iletişim yönünden önemli bir hizmet sunmaktadır. Fakat bu sağlık bilgilerinin sağlığı geliştirme yönünde ne kadar etkili olduğuna dair ileri araştırmalar yapılması uygun olacaktır.
TİP 1 DİYABETES MELLİTUS OLUŞTURULAN SIÇANLARIN BEYNİNDE LEPTİN MİKTARI AZALMAKTADIR
Authors: Şahin Erhan , Özcan Öykü , Bektur Ezgi , Bayçu Cengiz , Özkay Demir Ümide , Can Özgür Devrim , Şahintürk Varol
Published: April 2019

AMAÇ: Leptin hormonu, iştah ve vücut metabolizmasının düzenlenmesinde önemli görevler üstlenmekte ve başlıca yağ dokusunda sentezlenmektedir. Leptinin yağ dokuda sentezlendikten sonra koroid pleksus aracılığı ile beyne taşındığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Tip 1 diyabetes mellitus oluşturulan sıçanların beyninde leptin ifadesinin ve miktarının araştırılmasıdır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamızda toplam 14 adet yetişkin, erkek Wistar Albino sıçan 2 eşit gruba ayrıldı (n=7). Kontrol grubuna hiçbir uygulama yapılmadı. Diyabetes mellitus grubundaki hayvanlara ise tek doz (55 mg/kg) streptozotosin intraperitoneal olarak verildi ve kan glukoz seviyesi >280 mg/dL ölçüldüğünde Tip 1diyabetes mellitus geliştiği kabul edildi. Deney sonunda alınan beyin örnekleri %10’luk formaldehit ile fikse edildikten sonra rutin doku takip işleminin ardından alınan kesitlere leptin immünohistokimyasal boyaması uygulandı. Beyin dokularında western blot yöntemi ile leptin miktarına bakıldı.BULGULAR: Tüm gruplara ait beyin kesitlerinde sadece koroid pleksusta leptin boyanması saptandı. Buna göre, leptin boyanmasının Tip 1 diyabetes mellitus geliştirilen sıçanlarda azaldığı saptandı. Western blot ile Tip 1 diyabetes mellitus grubunda leptin miktarının belirgin olarak azaldığı saptandı.SONUÇ: Bu çalışmayla tokluk hissini oluşturmak üzere koroid pleksus üzerinden beyne geçen leptin hormonu ile diyabet arasında yakın bir ilişki olduğu ve bu hormonun diyabetle azaldığı gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmadan yola çıkarak Tip 1 diyabet ve leptin hormonu ilişkisi derinlemesine irdelenmelidir.
Resorción Condilar Idiopática después de Cirugía Ortognática Bimaxilar
Authors: Olalla López Evelyn , Unda Jaramillo Patricio
Published: April 2019

La Resorción Condilar Idiopática (RCI) es una alteración de la Articulación Temporo Mandibular que ocasiona la resorción lenta y progresiva del cóndilo mandibular sin una casusa aparente. Se observa sobre todo después de tratamiento ortodontico o cirugía ortognática. Clínicamente la resorción condilar idiopática se manifiesta con un desarrollo progresivo de una mordida abierta anterior, una rotación posterior de la mandíbula con una relación Clase II molar y canina, retrognatia y dolor o disfunción de la ATM. El tratamiento para esta alteración puede ser no invasiva como: ortodoncia, férulas oclusales y analgésicos; o quirúrgico como: cirugía ortognática con o sin reconstrucción condilar con injerto costo-condral o aloplástico total una vez que la actividad condilar haya cesado. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente femenina de 24 años con diagnóstico de resorción condilar idiopática. Clínicamente presentaba mordida abierta, laterognasia y refiere dolor ATM y cirugía ortognática bimaxilar previa hace dos años. Se realizaron exámenes complementarios y se concluyó que la resorción condilar había cesado, por lo que la paciente fue sometida a ortodoncia para cirugía ortognática unimaxilar (Osteotomía Intraoral  Vertical de Rama).
More than Fashionable Concepts? Risk, Security and Resilience in Modern History
Authors: Caruso Amerigo , Metzger Birgit
Published: April 2019

For a long time, historians have written about topics that include questions relating to a given society’s management of threats and risks. However, they did not use ‘risk’ as a category of analysis. Similarly, historians have extensively researched revolutions, social conflicts and disruptive events without elaborating a conceptual framework for security or resilience, and without historicizing these concepts. Since the turn of the millennium, the situation has changed fundamentally and risk, security and resilience have become new buzz words in historical research. These elastic concepts seem to provide the right degree of abstraction, interdisciplinary theory and contemporary relevance that historians need for their work. This article sheds light on how the notions of risk, security and resilience emerged, spread and influenced our present understanding of history and historiography. To what extent does this indicate a changing perspective in historiography? Or do recent developments in the field point to the reinvention of interpretative traditions using more fashionable concepts?
YEŞİL ALAN MI İBADETHANE ALANI MI? DİL, DİN, PRATİK EKSENİNDE VALİDEBAĞ DİRENİŞİ
Authors: AKYILDIZ Sibel
Published: April 2019

2014 yılında Validebağ Korusu’nun Acıbadem sınırında bulunan yeşil alanın dini tesis statüsüne çevrilmesi ve akabinde yapımına başlanılan inşaata karşı gerçekleşen protestolar Validebağ Direnişi olarak adlandırılır. Validebağ Direnişi üzerine yazılan tez çalışmasının bir bölümünden derlenerek hazırlanan bu makale, Validebağ’daki eylemlere karşı ve eylemlere taraf olarak kodlanan iki ayrı gruba mensup toplamda yirmi iki kişi ile yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeler sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. “Cami” kelimesinin geçtiği sorular katılımcılar tarafından dine karşı ya da taraf olma şeklinde algılanarak cevaplandırılmıştır. Yeşil alanların yapılaşmaya açılmasına karşı olan katılımcılar, yeşil alanda yapılacak cami inşaatını ise makul karşılamıştır. Validebağ örneğinden hareketle, din, dili ve kanaati etkiler; dini semboller bireyin mevcut görüşünü aşarak dinen meşru bir cevap yaratabilme gücüne sahiptir.
TÜRKİYE’DE ÇERKES DİASPORASI: KİMLİK İNŞASI VE REFERANSLARI
Authors: OKÇUOĞLU Bahar Ayça
Published: April 2019

Diasporalar

kültürel öğeleri, dernekleri, aktiviteleri, politik alandaki etkileri ve

gelecekteki rolleri açısından, bulundukları ülkeler için önem arz etmektedir.

Türkiye’deki Çerkes diasporası da, aynı zamanda Çerkeslerin en büyük diasporik

nüfus olduğu ülke olması bakımından, çeşitli özellikleri ele alınarak

incelenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki diasporaların kimlik oluşum,

dönüşüm ve değişim süreçlerine bir örnek olarak Çerkes diasporası incelenmiştir.

Türkiye’deki Çerkeslerin varlığı, kurulan dernekler ve kapsamları, verilen

referansların bağlamlarını kaybetmemeleri açısından ele alınmıştır. Çerkeslerin

kendilerini ifade ediş süreçlerinde Kürt halkına ne tür referanslar verdiği, bu

referansların diasporik bir topluluğun kendini tanımlaması açısından ne anlam ifade

ettiği analiz edilmiştir. Bu analizler, Türkiye’nin çeşitli illerinde yapılan

görüşmelerden elde edilmiş ve iki ana başlıkta incelenerek örnekler verilmiştir:

“farklılıklar” ve “benzerlikler”. Böylece, Türkiye’de bir diaspora halkının varlığını

ifade ediş biçimlerindeki farklılıklara bir örnek oluşturulmuştur.
RELINKING THE SOCIAL AND THE POLITICAL: HEGEL, MARX AND THE POLICE AS SOCIALISATION OF THE STATE POWER
Authors: SUBAŞI Erol
Published: April 2019

Georg Wilhelm Frederick Hegel has been one of the most influential philosophers of all time. His original philosophical system has been the subject of many studies from various disciplines including philosophy, political science, law, sociology and many more. Despite his long-term popularity, his complex and multi-dimensional philosophy still allow for further investigations on distinct problems. Although many studies have been carried out on him, only a few writers have been able to draw attention to his ideas concerning police power. Hence, this paper, within the problematic of differentiation of state (political) and bourgeois civil society (social), addresses the question of police in Hegel’s thought and the Marx’s critique of it. The study argues that the police power appears in Hegel’s thought as the socialisation of the state power.
Serological and Molecular Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii Infections in Thalassemia Patients
Authors: HANIFEHPOUR Hooman , SAMSAM SHARIAT Seyed Kamal , Saleh GHAFARI Mohammad , KHEIRANDISH Farnaz , SABER Vafa , FALLAHI Shirzad
Published: April 2019

Background: This study aimed to the serological and molecular diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infections and related risk factors in patients with thalassemia major and healthy controls.
Methods: This case-control study was performed in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, west of Iran from Jan 2014 to Jan 2015. Overall, 235 patients with thalassemia major and 235 healthy controls were enrolled. Assessment of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in sera samples was performed using commercial ELISA kits. In order to the molecular investigate of T. gondii in blood samples, a relatively new molecular assay, LAMP technique based on Toxoplasma SAG1 gene was conducted for the first time. The specificity of LAMP outer primers for the T. gondii detection was confirmed by sequencing the purified PCR product.
Results: 51.9% of thalassemia patients and 34.8% of healthy controls were positive for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies, which the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). In terms of anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibody, 3.4% of thalassemia patients and 2.1% of healthy individuals were positive, which the difference was not statistically significant (P=1). Based on SAG1-LAMP, 9.78% of the thalassemia patients and 5.95% of healthy controls were positive for T. gondii DNA, which the difference was not statistically significant (P≤0.230).
Conclusion: Thalassemia patients, probably due to repeated blood transfusion and consequently, immune deficiency, are at risk of transmitting Toxoplasma infection more than healthy people. Therefore, screening of Toxoplasma infection in blood transfusion centers may be effective in the prevention of toxoplasmosis in these patients.
Intestinal Protozoa in Domestic Cats (Carnivora: Felidae, Felis catus) in Northwestern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study with Prev-alent of Microsporidian and Coccidian Parasites
Authors: MOHEBALI Mehdi , ZAREI Zabiholah , KHANALIHA Khadijeh , Beigom KIA Eshrat , MOTAVALLI-HAGHI Afsaneh , DAVOODI Jaber , TARIGHI Fathemeh , KHODABAKHSH Mahya , REZAEIAN Mostafa
Published: April 2019

Background: In this study, some microsporidial and coccidian parasites were isolated from 103 domestic cats in the Meshkin Shahr area, northwestern Iran during the Jun 2014 to Jun 2015, and their genera were identified using parasitological methods with emphasis on their zoonotic importance.
Methods: One hundred and three fecal samples of domestic cats were collected and preserved in formalin (10%) and conserved in phosphate buffer saline solution, finally examined by microscopy after formalin-ether concentration and specific staining. Preservation in dichromate potassium (2.5%) was performed for all coccidian positive samples and then sporulated coccidian oocysts were investigated.
Results: The detected parasites were Isospora spp. 6/103(5.8%). Microsporidian spores were identified in 46/103 (44.6%) of all samples post-stained by the aniline blue staining method.
Conclusion: Microsporidial infections were more prevalent in domestic cats. Further studies are needed in the identification of microsporidial spores isolated from infected cats.
Ultrastructural Description of Sarcocystis Sp. in Cardiac Muscle of Naturally Infected Alpacas (Vicugna pacos)
Authors: Raúl LUCAS J. , BARRIOS-ARPI Manuel , RODRÍGUEZ José , BALCÁZAR-NAKAMATSU Stephanie , ZARRIA Jacquelyne , NAMIYAMA Gislene , TANIWAKI Noelia , GONZALES-VIERA Omar
Published: April 2019

Background: Recently, it was proposed the name of Sarcocystis masoni n. sp. for the Sarcocystis that causes microcyst in skeletal muscle of South American camelids. However, there are no ultrastructural reports of microcysts of Sarcocystis in cardiac muscle of alpacas. This study reports ultrastructural features of microcysts of Sarcocystis sp. from cardiac muscle of naturally infected alpacas.
Methods: Thirty alpacas (age range: three to five years) from the province of Junin, Peruvian Central Andes, were included in this study in January 2015. Cardiac muscle samples were evaluated by histology and transmission electron microscopy.
Results: Bradyzoites in cysts had typical characteristics of Apicomplexa including organelles, a large nucleus, micronemes, dense bodies, and polysaccharide granules. Moreover, cysts had a thin wall with numerous, short, finger-like shapes with rounded tip protrusions (0.51 x 0.17 µm).
Conclusion: Sarcocystis sp. from the heart and S. masoni n. sp. from the skeletal muscle have similar ultrastructural characteristics.
Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection and Its Association with Anemia and Zinc Deficiency among Women in Nghe An Province, Vietnam
Authors: THI TRAN Kieu-Anh , CAO Ba-Loi , QUE Anh-Tram , LE Tran-Anh
Published: April 2019

The abstract not available.
Comment on “Intestinal Helminths in Different Species of Rodents in North Khorasan Province, Northeast of Iran
Authors: BORJI Hassan
Published: April 2019

The abstract not available.
Response Comment on” Intestinal Helminths in Different Spe-cies of Rodents in North Khorasan Province, Northeast of Iran
Authors: ARZAMANI Kourosh , SALEHI Mitra , MOBEDI Iraj , ADINEZADE Amir , HASANPOUR Hamid , ALAVINIA Mohammad , DARVISH Jamshid , SHIRZADI Mohammad Reza , MOHAMMADI Zeinolabedin
Published: April 2019

The abstract not available.
Pluralitas Agama Menurut Tokoh-Tokoh Agama Dayak
Authors: Hamid Abdul
Published: April 2019

Religious plurality is condition that  no rejected by human. One thing that need is haow respond plurality that. So far recorded attitude that used by adherents religion in respond other religions in between exclusivism, inclusivism, and plurality. Exclusivism that  known which claim  absolute truth looked at no corresponding by current condition, thereby also which inclusivism that although no claim ownership absolute but tend see other religions as shadows from one religion, based weakness that owned  by two attitude.  Mode plurality appear  as attitude that looked at  corresponding for respond religious plurality. Like  that there in village Kapul districts Halong regency Balangan. In this village there  various  kind of religion like religion of Islam, Kreisten Katolik, Hindu, Budha, and local religion.This  research aim for known religion pluraly  according to view religion figures Dayak in village Kapul districs Halong regency Balangan. This research is research qualitative by approach sociology  use theory charismatic Max Weber. As for  method this research is methd observation, directly plunge to field in  Village Kapul districs Halong regency Balangan, interview, and documentation.This reaserch concluded that influence charismatic religions figures in Dayak religion when lead  ritual event or in life daily has  give harmonios life for people Dayak in districs Halong regency Balangan.  So religion plurality in this village no  make adherents religion Dayak other religion  as people that intolerance.
Pendidikan Kejiwaan Dr.Abdullah Nashih ‘Ulwan: Konsep Dan Implementasinya
Authors: Hani Umi
Published: April 2019

Psychological education is the process of educating children from an early age to be brave and frank, not afraid, independent, like to help others, controlling emotions, and adorn themselves with all of self-glory even psychologically and morally in absolute terms. In the concept of psychological education of  Dr Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwan in “Tarbiyatul Aulad Fi Al-Islam”, explained there are four factors of the problem in children that must be prevented and treated by educators. The four factors are feeling inferior, fainthearted, unconfidence, and envy. PM Asy-Syifa perform psychiatric development based on the concept of Nashih Ulwan but not directly, but integrated into daily activities and other routines.
ISLAM DAN NEGARA: IKHTIAR POLITIS MUSLIM INDONESIA
Authors: Yahya Mokhammad
Published: April 2019

This paper discusses the relation between Islam and the State as experienced by Indonesian Muslims. Using the historical analysis it begins to delineate the struggle for political Islam in Indonesia with their diverse aspirations from the very beginning of Indonesia as a nation state until the collapse of Suharto regime. In terms of Islamic political struggle, this explains that there was a shift from legalistic-formalistic Islamic political articulation in the Old Order and the beginning of New Order Era into more substantiality pragmatic method. This eventually leads to the formation on the theorization of political Islam since there is no a single definitive theory of political Islam in the Islamic scholarship. Muslims in Indonesia have offered a brilliant concept Pancasila' as a solution in the multicultural situation like Indonesia. Pancasila was considered not only by the founding fathers of Indonesia but also by majority of Indonesian Muslims as an interpretation and contextualization of Islamic Politics in the pluralist society of Indonesia in order to create more harmonious and peaceful life.

Key Words: Islam, State, Muslim Politics
Karakteristik Pengetahuan Orang Melayu (Studi Epistemologi pada Cerita Rakyat Sumatera)
Authors: Syefriyeni Syefriyeni
Published: April 2019

This paper is motivated by a kind of academic questions, or anxieties towards; like what traditional people used to answer the phenomena that exist in the middle of their lives. The answers will certainly be a reference, even as a knowledge, perhaps not yet in the scientific category, but knowledge only. Knowledge that is created or raised is in order to answer the questions of human on natural, social and sociocultural phenomena, and so on. The author sees that one side of the presence of this knowledge is in folklore. That said, because traditional society usually answers the questions of their children and grandchildren about natural phenomena and others, presented in words such as a series of stories. Or, explain about threats and punishments and behavioral replies. Regardless of the scientific or not, as long as the words and stories are able to answer people's thirst, or explain anything at that time about certain questions, then that is the knowledge that is present in their time. For this reason, the author wants to see what knowledge is presented in the folklore, how it is characterized. This research uses philosophical, qualitative, and hermeneutical methods. The result of this research is that folklore is able to provide knowledge about ethical values. Establish knowledge, and answer certain regional histories, and natural phenomena for the provision of daily life.
ABDULKERİM HÂDİ’NİN “BİR TEBESSÜM” ADLI HİKÂYESİNİN ÇEVRİYAZISI VE TAHLİLİ
Authors: ÖZEROL Nazmi , ATLI Semih
Published: April 2019

Abdulkerim Hâdi, Tanzimat edebiyatının
ikinci dönemi ile Servet-i Fünûn edebiyatı arasında yetişmiş ve kendilerine Ara
Nesil denilen dönemin edebiyatçılarındandır. Yazar, Bir Tebessüm adlı hikâyeyi
1894-1896’da İstanbul’da yayımlamıştır. Bir
Tebessüm, dünyanın herhangi bir yerinde herhangi birinin başından geçebilecek
olayların anlatıldığı evrensel nitelik taşıyan bir aşk hikâyesidir. Bu aşk
hikâyesinde farklı dinlere mensup olunsa da âşık olmak için iki insanın
birbirini sevmesinin yeterli olduğu vurgulanır. Hikâyede üzerinde durulan
önemli konulardan biri de okumanın insan hayatına kattığı değerlerdir. İnsanın
okuması, kendini geliştirmesi âdeta yeniden doğuşa vesile olmaktadır. Erkek
kahraman, okudukları sayesinde güzel ve etkili konuşarak karşı cinsi etkilemeyi
başarır ve evlilikle neticelenen bir aşk macerası yaşanır. Bu çalışmada önce
hikâyenin çevriyazısı yapılarak özeti verilmiş, daha sonra da materyal öğeleri
kapsamında muhteva unsurları incelenmiştir.
FUÂDÌ VE RİSÂLE-İ ŞEVKİYYE FÎ DEVERÂN-I SÛFÎYYE’Sİ
Authors: ZAVOTÇU Gencay , YORGANCI Duygupınarı
Published: April 2019

Şa‘bâniyye
Tarîkatinin beşinci (bazı araştırmacılara göre altıncı) şeyhi olan Ömer Fuâdî
Efendi söylem, eylem ve eserleriyle Türk tasavvuf tarihinde iz bırakmış bir
şahsiyettir. Şeyhinin vaziyeti üzerine tarîkatin kurucusu Şeyh Şa‘bân-ı
Velí’nin kabrine yaptırdığı türbe, bu türbenin yapılış öyküsünü anlatan
Türbe-nâme ve tarîkat şeylerinin menkabelerinden oluşan menâkıbnâme onun öne
çıkan eserleridir. Farklı boyutlarda yirmiyi aşkın eser ve risâle sâhibi olan
Ömer Fuâdî Efendi’nin dinî-tasavvufî karakterli Risâle-i Şevkiyye fî Devrân-ı Sûfiyye”si onun açıklama (şerh) alanındaki bilgi ve
yeteneğini ortaya koyan bir eserdir. Yazarın deyimiyle Şeyhülislâm Alî Çelebi,
meşhûr adıyla Zenbilli Ali Efendi’ye ait olan, başka araştırmacıların ise ona
ait olmadığı yolunda görüş bildirdiği “Risâle-i Şevkiyye fî Deverân-ı Sûfiyye” Fu’âdî’nin Arapça bilgisi ile dinî-tasavvufî
yetkinliğinin belgesi olması bakımından da dikkate değer bir eserdir.
Kur’ân’dan muhtelif âyetlerle farklı konularda 
hadîslere de yer verilen eser, sûfîlerin âyinlerde icra ettikleri devr
ve rakslarının muhtevâ ve manalarını irdeleleyip açıklaması yönüyle eğitici ve
bilgilendirici bir eser hüviyetindedir. Bu yazıda Ömer Fuâdî’nin “Risâle-i
Şevkiyye fî Deverân-ı Sûfiyye” adlı
eseri incelenecektir.
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM (IPA) TERPADU
Authors: Arif Khairan Muhammad
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh dari variable-variabel bebas, yaitu keterampilan Proses dan tingkat motivasi belajar (motivasi tinggi dan motivasi rendah) terhadap variable terikat yaitu hasil Belajar IPA Terpadu. Disamping itu, ingin diketahui ada tidaknya interaksi antara kedua variable tersebut terhadap hasil belajar IPA Terpadu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan populasi adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 2 Tegalwaru Purwakarta. Sampel diambil dengan simple randon sampling berdasarkan factorial group desain. Sehingga siswa terpilih  76 siswa. Untuk pengujian hipotesis digunakan teknik Analisis Varians 2 jalur (Anava 2 x 2) dengan taraf signifikansi Î±=0,05 dengan terlebih dahulu uji normalitas dengan liliefors dan homogenitas data dengan levene. Hasil pengujian statistic menunjukan bahwa data ketiga variable normal dan homogen. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa belajar melalui pendekatan pembelajaran keterampilan proses, lebih tinggi daripada siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan tidak melalui pendekatan keterampilan proses, dan hasil belajar IPA terpadu kelompok siswa yang memiliki motivasi tinggi lebih tinggi dibanding siswa yang memiliki motivasi rendah, juga terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara pendekatan keterampilan proses dengan motivasi  terhadap hasil belajar IPA terpadu, kemudian bagi siswa yang mempunyai motivasi rendah harus dilaksanakan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan keterampilan proses.
IMPLEMENTASI TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) DI PENDIDIKAN DASAR
Authors: Marmoah Sri -
Published: April 2019

Total Quality Management merupakan cara prosedural yang digunakan dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi Total Quality Management di pendidikan dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima gugus Kecamatan Girimarto pada tahun 2018. Sampel penelitiannya sebanyak lima sekolah dasar yang terbagi dalam lima gugus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik non tes yaitu menggunakan angket atau kuesionar untuk mengetahui kriteria keberhasilan penerapan TQM dalam pendidikan pada kepala sekolah dan guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil yang telah maksimal. Rata-rata perolehan perhitungan angket pada kepala sekolah sebesar 97,00 dengan kategori sangat baik, sedangkan perhitungan angket pada guru sebesar 94,00 dengan kategori sangat baik. Rata-rata secara  keseluruhan yang diperoleh sebesar 95,50 dengan kategori sangat baik. Jika dilihat dari rata-rata keseluruhan yang diperoleh, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan TQM dalam pendidikan di Kecamatan Girimarto adalah pada kriteria sangat baik. Dengan demikian, pihak sekolah beserta aparatur pemerintah lebih memahami kebutuhan primer dalam pelaksanaan manajemen mutu pendidikan, terutama agar sekolah menghasilkan output yang berkualitas.
Anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor GluR2 encephalitis in a myasthenia gravis patient with complete thymectomy: a case report
Authors: Luo Qingyang , Wu Xianghong , huang wen
Published: April 2019

Background
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a newly recognized autoimmune disorders in which the targets are proteins or receptors involved in synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) is a subtype of glutamate receptor that mediates most of the fast excitatory neurotransmission in the brain.
Case presentation
A 50-year-old woman presented with subacute onset of memory loss and behavioral changes. High levels of serum (1:1000) and CSF (1:32) antibodies against the AMPAR GluR2 were detected. A wide range of abnormalities in 6-8 Hz low to middle slow waves was found by electroencephalographs, and high-intensity signals on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery in both the medial temporal lobe and hippocampus were identified on brain magnetic resonance images. This patient presented with myasthenia gravis and type B2 thymoma (World Health Organization Thymoma Classification) at age 48. This case was unique in that the patient initiated with the symptom of myasthenia gravis and thymoma two years prior to encephalitis, and a complete thymectomy was performed before AE onset without recurrence of the thymoma when encephalitis occurred.
Conclusions
Thymoma was reported to be associated with paraneoplastic neurological disease. This is the first time a thymectomy has been applied in a myasthenia gravis patient with thymoma two years prior to the onset of anti-AMPAR2 encephalitis. This case highlights the complexity of autoimmune encephalitis associated with thymoma.
Midmorning Point Sampling May Not Accurately Represent Nitrous Oxide Emissions Following Fertilizer Applications
Authors: Thies Samuel , Bruggeman Stephanie , Clay Sharon A. , Mishra Umakant , Hatfield Gary , Kumar Sandeep , Clay David E.
Published: April 2019

Core Ideas

Midmorning N2O flux estimates were not consistent with near‐continual data for spring and fall applied urea.

Local N2O sampling protocols must account for temporal changes in management and climatic conditions.

Non‐alignment in soil temperature and N2O patterns in annual‐crop soils is consistent with Fick's Law.

Non‐alignment between temperatuer and N2O emissions can occur when the soil is saturated with water.

Near‐continuous automated data collection at anticipated max and min emissions may improve the accuracy of N2O estimates.

A common approach for measuring N2O emissions is to collect midmorning or early evening gas samples from experiments utilizing the chamber‐based flux methodology. However, due to high spatial and temporal variability, N2O estimates based on midmorning or early evening sampling may not provide accurate estimates of total emissions. This study determined the impact of sampling collection timing on the precision and accuracy of N2O emissions estimates. Nitrous oxide emissions, air and soil temperatures, and soil moisture were measured for 21 d following the application of 224 kg urea‐N ha–1 on 20 Sept. 2017, 11 Oct. 2017, and 1 May 2018, at six time intervals (0130–0230, 0530–0630, 0930–1030, 1330–1430, 1730–1830, and 2130–2230 h) over a 24‐h period. Based on multiple daily measurements, point samples collected between 0930 and 1030 h (midmorning) were inconsistent in their ability to predict N2O emissions. However, samples collected between 2130 and 2230 h (early evening) were similar to average emissions. The number of randomly collected point samples to be within 20% of the mean 80% of the time over a 21‐d period ranged from 13 samples for fertilizer applied on 20 Sept. 2017 to 48 samples for fertilizer applied on 11 Oct. 2017. This research indicates that management and climatic variability affect N2O emissions, and that accurate sampling protocols vary across management and climates. To reduce uncertainty, N2O sampling protocol should be tested under conditions likely to occur and where possible, near‐continuous measurement systems should be adopted.
Soil Carbon Accumulation and Nutrient Availability in Managed and Unmanaged Ecosystems of East Tennessee
Authors: Singh Shikha , Yan Sheng , Sorochan John , Stier John , Mayes Melanie A. , Zhuang Jie , Jagadamma Sindhu
Published: April 2019

Core Ideas

Native woodlot and grassland systems have been converted to a managed turfgrass system with urbanization.

Turfgrass systems increased carbon sequestration and nitrogen availability compared with row crop systems.

Cool‐season (C3) turfgrasses improved soil physical and chemical properties more than warm‐season (C4) grasses.

In the last two decades, urban and suburban lands grew by 34% in the United States, with 16 to 20 million ha maintained under turfgrass systems. Side‐by‐side comparison of turfgrass systems with other managed and unmanaged ecosystems have not been comprehensively conducted in the climate transition zone of the United States, despite the environmental significance of land use changes. Our objective was to determine the relative effects of C3 and C4 turfgrasses on soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and nutrient availability, in comparison with managed row crop and unmanaged woodlot and grassland systems. Soil samples from depths of 0 to 5, 5 to 15, and 15 to 30 cm were collected during March 2017 at the University of Tennessee's East Tennessee Research and Education Center from seven ecosystems: (i) corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation, (ii) continuous soybean, (iii) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L.), (iv) Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), (v) bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.), (vi) unmanaged grassland, and (vii) unmanaged woodlot. All turfgrass species were established in 2012 and were managed like low‐input residential lawns. Within the 30‐cm soil profile, turfgrass systems contained 4.2 kg m−2 SOC at the time of sampling, which was 33% more than croplands and 34% less than unmanaged systems, and the C4 turfgrass system contained 2.3 kg m−2 SOC and 0.4 mg kg−1 inorganic N, which were 56 and 57% lower than C3 systems, respectively. Results from this study highlight that low‐input lawns with suitable grass species can offer higher SOC stock and nutrient availability than conventional cropland systems.
Potassium Requirements for Corn in North Dakota: Influence of Clay Mineralogy
Authors: Breker J. S. , DeSutter T. , Rakkar M.K. , Chatterjee A. , Sharma L. , Franzen D.W.
Published: April 2019

Core Ideas

Use of dry soil K soil test was most predictive of corn response in North Dakota.

Consideration of clay chemistry increased the prediction of yield response by the K soil test.

A smectite/illite ratio of 3.5 separated the sites into one requiring a higher critical K soil test value and one with a lower critical K value.

Due to initially high soil test K values, K soil test correlation and calibration for corn in North Dakota has previously not been intensely investigated. Potassium fertilizer rate experiments were conducted on 25 sites from 2014 to 2016. The previously published soil test K critical value of 150 mg kg−1 predicted crop response correctly at 16 of the sites. Alternative soil test methods, including a resin‐based extraction at two timings, sodium tetraphenylboron extractions at two timings, and 1 mol L−1 NH4OAc extraction using moist soil were conducted; however, the currently used 1 mol L−1 ammonium acetate extraction using dry soil was most predictive. Mineral analysis of soil from all sites was determined for potassium feldspar content of whole soil, and clay species, particularly smectite, illite, and kaolinite, were determined on the clay fraction. Cluster analysis revealed that a smectite/illite ratio of 3.5 separated the sites into two unique K response data sets. Sites with a smectite/illite ratio >3.5 had a K critical level of ∼200 mg kg−1, whereas sites with a smectite/illite ratio <3.5 had a K critical level of ∼130 mg kg–1. For soils with K soil tests between 130 and 200 mg kg−1, consideration of clay chemistry improves the predictability of crop yield response with K fertilization.
Recent Advances in Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclizations
Authors: Hershberger John C.
Published: April 2019

Heterocycles are very common substructures in a number of pharmaceuticals. Over the past several years, the use of palladium-catalyzed oxidative cyclization for heterocyclic synthesis has become much more prevalent. This review collects recent reports using palladium catalysis to synthesize a wide variety of heterocyclic scaffolds. Many of these reactions use oxygen as the terminal oxidant. Some salient mechanistic features are discussed.
Genetic Alleles Associated with SLE Susceptibility and Clinical Manifestations in Hispanic Patients from the Dominican Republic
Authors: Liu Zheng , Yu Yangsheng , Yue Yinshi , Hearth-Holmes Michelene , Lopez Persio David , Tineo Carmen , Paulino Glenny , Fu Wei-Neng , Loyo Esthela , Su Kaihong
Published: April 2019

Purpose:

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune
disease with marked disparities in prevalence and disease severity among different
ethnic groups. The purpose of this study is to characterize a Latin American cohort and
identify genetic risk factors for developing SLE and its end-organ manifestations in this
Latin Hispanic cohort.

Methods:

In this cohort, SNP rs9271366 (tag SNP for HLA-DRB1*15:01) confers the
highest risk for SLE among the 13 MHC gene alleles that display association with SLE
(p = 8.748E-10; OR = 3.5). Among the 26 non-MHC gene alleles analyzed, SNP
rs2476601 in PTPN22 gene confers the highest risk for SLE (p = 0.0001; OR = 5.6).
ITGAM, TNFSF4, TNIP1, STAT4, CARD11, BLK, and TNXB gene alleles were
confirmed as SLE-susceptible alleles in the DR cohort. However, IRF5 and TNFAIP3
gene alleles, established risk factors for SLE in populations of European and Asian
ancestry, are not significantly associated with SLE in this cohort. We also defined a
novel HLA-DRA haplotype that confers an increased risk for lupus nephritis (LN) and
alleles in HLA-DRA2 and TNFSF4 genes as genetic risk factors for developing
neuropsychiatric (NP) SLE.

Results:

In this cohort, SNP rs9271366 (tag SNP for HLA-DRB1*15:01) confers the
highest risk for SLE among the 13 MHC gene alleles that display association with SLE
(p = 8.748E-10; OR = 3.5). Among the 26 non-MHC gene alleles analyzed, SNP
rs2476601 in PTPN22 gene confers the highest risk for SLE (p = 0.0001; OR = 5.6).
ITGAM, TNFSF4, TNIP1, STAT4, CARD11, BLK, and TNXB gene alleles were
confirmed as SLE-susceptible alleles in the DR cohort. However, IRF5 and TNFAIP3
gene alleles, established risk factors for SLE in populations of European and Asian
ancestry, are not significantly associated with SLE in this cohort. We also defined a
novel HLA-DRA haplotype that confers an increased risk for lupus nephritis (LN) and
alleles in HLA-DRA2 and TNFSF4 genes as genetic risk factors for developing
neuropsychiatric (NP) SLE.

Conclusion:

Our data suggest that the Latin American population shares some
common genetic risk factors for SLE as other populations, but also has distinct risk gene
alleles that contribute to SLE susceptibility and development of LN and NPSLE. This is
the first study focusing on genetic risk factors for SLE in the DR, a Latin American
population that has never been characterized before.
Notch Signaling in Mammalian Intestinal Stem Cells: Determining Cell Fate and Maintaining Homeostasis
Authors: Liang Shao-jie , Li Xiang-guang , Wang Xiu-qi
Published: April 2019

:

The intestine serves mainly as a place for digestion and absorption and functions as an immune
and endocrine organ. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) play critical roles in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis
and regeneration, and a complex of signaling pathways is involved in these processes. The
Notch signaling pathway is induced via distinct cell-to-cell connections, which are activated through the
binding of the Notch ligand on the surface of niche cells to the Notch receptor on ISCs. Numerous studies
have shown the central importance of Notch signaling in the proliferation and differentiation of ISCs.
Here, we summarize the latest research progress on the crucial functions of Notch signaling in maintaining
homeostasis and determining the cell fate of ISCs. Furthermore, the challenges of Notch signaling in
colon cancer therapy strategies are also discussed. Several important questions regarding Notch regulation
of ISCs are proposed.
Peak Average Power Reduction in NOMA by using PTSCT Technique
Authors: Kumar Arun , Gupta Manisha
Published: April 2019

Background:

High peak power is one of the several disadvantages which need to be addressed
for its effective regularization. It hampers the performance of the system due to the utilization
of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmission scheme at the sender of the
Non-orthogonal multiple access system.

Objective:

In this work, a new Partial transmission sequence circular transformation reduction technique
is designed for Non-orthogonal multiple access schemes.

Methods:

Partial transmission sequence is considered to be one of the most efficient techniques to
reduce the Peak to average power ratio but it leads to high computational complexity. Additionally, a
circular transformation is implemented. In the proposed technique, circular transformation and alternate
optimization are used.

Results:

Simulation results reveal that the Peak to average power ratio performance of the proposed
technique is better as compared to the conventional partial transmission sequence.

Conclusion:

It is observed that the proposed technique achieved 80% Peak to average power ratio reduction
and 90 % bit error rate performance as compared to the conventional Partial transmission sequence.
Characterizing Participation and Perceived Engagement Benefits in an Integrated Digital Behavioral Health Recovery Community for Women: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Curtis Brenda , Bergman Brandon , Brown Austin , McDaniel Jessica , Harper Kristen , Eisenhart Emily , Hufnagel Mariel , Heller Anne Thompson , Ashford Robert
Published: April 2019

Background

Research suggests that digital recovery support services (D-RSSs) may help support individual recovery and augment the availability of in-person supports. Previous studies highlight the use of D-RSSs in supporting individuals in recovery from substance use but have yet to examine the use of D-RSSs in supporting a combination of behavioral health disorders, including substance use, mental health, and trauma. Similarly, few studies on D-RSSs have evaluated gender-specific supports or integrated communities, which may be helpful to women and individuals recovering from behavioral health disorders.

Objective

The goal of this study was to evaluate the SHE RECOVERS (SR) recovery community, with the following 3 aims: (1) to characterize the women who engage in SR (including demographics and recovery-related characteristics), (2) describe the ways and frequency in which participants engage with SR, and (3) examine the perception of benefit derived from engagement with SR.

Methods

This study used a cross-sectional survey to examine the characteristics of SR participants. Analysis of variance and chi-square tests, as well as univariate logistic regressions, were used to explore each aim.

Results

Participants (N=729, mean age 46.83 years; 685/729, 94% Caucasian) reported being in recovery from a variety of conditions, although the most frequent nonexclusive disorder was substance use (86.40%, n=630). Participants had an average length in recovery (LIR) of 6.14 years (SD 7.87), with most having between 1 and 5 years (n=300). The most frequently reported recovery pathway was abstinence-based 12-step mutual aid (38.40%). Participants reported positive perceptions of benefit from SR participation, which did not vary by LIR or recovery pathway. Participants also had high rates of agreement, with SR having a positive impact on their lives, although this too did vary by recovery length and recovery pathway. Participants with 1 to 5 years of recovery used SR to connect with other women in recovery at higher rates, whereas those with less than 1 year used SR to ask for resources at higher rates, and those with 5 or more years used SR to provide support at higher rates. Lifetime engagement with specific supports of SR was also associated with LIR and recovery pathway.

Conclusions

Gender-specific and integrated D-RSSs are feasible and beneficial from the perspective of participants. D-RSSs also appear to provide support to a range of recovery typologies and pathways in an effective manner and may be a vital tool for expanding recovery supports for those lacking in access and availability because of geography, social determinants, or other barriers.