bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current Status and Development Strategy for Community-Supported Agriculture (CSA) in China
Authors: Tang Haiying , Liu Ying , Huang Guoqin
Published: May 2019

Community-supported agriculture (CSA) is considered to be a new alternative mode for agricultural development, which has developed rapidly in China and attracted the attention of scholars, because it shows great concern on food safety, environmental protection and sustainable development of agriculture. Based on a comprehensive analysis of a large number of documents at home and abroad, this paper reviews the research on community-supported agriculture from the perspective of its origin, development process, characteristics, modes, functions and problems, aiming at summarizing the experiences and current problems and demonstrating recent research and development status of CSA in China in hope of providing references for its practice and research. The key conclusions in this review are: (1) CSA has a short history in China, but it is developing rapidly; (2) Chain’s CSA is characterized by a cooperative network with food safety as the primary development goal, agricultural product distribution as the main operation mode, and trust as the basis; (3) China’s CSA lacks of government’s support, and develops roughly at a small-scale. (4) With unique modes and functions, China’s CSA is facing some problems such as management, funding, talents, markets, technology and consumers’ trust. The development of CSA in China needs joint efforts from government, producers and consumers. China’s CSA needs to rely on its own advantages, make full use of its economic, social, ecological and cultural functions, combine Internet and ecological agricultural technology and explore the local modes with Chinese characteristics.
Influencing Efficiency of Tax Relief on the Capital Market: An Empirical Study of China Supply-Side Reform
Authors: Jiang Changjun , Na Sanggyun , Jiang Fengting
Published: May 2019

One of the primary tasks of supply-side reform is to promote the reform of fiscal and taxation systems. It is an important part of institutional innovation to coordinate fiscal and other reforms. From the perspective of the supply side, this paper discusses whether the adjustment of fiscal and monetary policies will have a positive impact on China’s capital market and economic growth. In this paper, a windows-EBM model is constructed to test the panel data of major economies between 2008 and 2016, discuss their impact on the efficiency of the capital market, and to make a comparative analysis on the strategies to improve the vitality of China’s capital market. We find that the impact of China’s macro policies on capital market efficiency during 2008-2016 shows a huge potential space for adjusting fiscal and monetary policies, because these input factors are obviously interchangeable in China’s supply-side reform. This is in line with the expected direction of China’s supply-side reform. This paper reveals the positive effect of supply-side reform on capital activity. Tax cuts and monetary policy measures are needed to balance capital markets and to ensure their active and sustainable development.
Nutrient-Dense Crops for Rural and Peri-Urban Smallholders in Kenya—A Regional Social Accounting Approach
Authors: Krause Henning , Faße Anja , Grote Ulrike
Published: May 2019

Kenya ranks among the countries with the highest micronutrient deficiency worldwide. Due to their high micronutrient content, African indigenous vegetables (AIVs) can be a solution to this problem, and urban areas in Kenya have seen a rise in demand for these crops in the previous decade. To fill the gap between supply and demand, programmes to promote AIV production have been implemented in rural and peri-urban areas. However, the effects of increased AIV production on income and food security in the regional economies are not clear. Thus, in this analysis, we first evaluate differences between the livelihoods of household groups with different levels of food security in rural and peri-urban Kenya using a two-step cluster analysis. Then, we generate a regional social accounting matrix (SAM) and calculate the direct and indirect income effects of AIVs and other crops grown in the area using a multiplier analysis. For the analysis, a total of 706 small-scale vegetable producers in four counties in Kenya were interviewed in 2015. Households in rural areas were more food insecure, especially with respect to the utilization and stability dimension of food security. Multiplier analysis showed increased indirect income effects of AIVs in the regional economy compared to those of many cash crops. We suggest further promoting the production of AIVs in rural and peri-urban Kenya.
Using Microscopic Simulation-Based Analysis to Model Driving Behavior: A Case Study of Khobar-Dammam in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Ahmadi Hassan M. , Jamal Arshad , Reza Imran , Assi Khaled J. , Ahmed Syed Anees
Published: May 2019

Sustainable transportation systems play a key role in the socio-economic development of a country. Microscopic simulation models are becoming increasingly useful tools in designing, optimizing, and evaluating the sustainability of transportation systems and concerned management strategies. VISSIM, a microscopic traffic simulation software, has gained rapid recognition in the field of traffic simulation. However, default values for different input parameters used during simulation need to be tested to ensure a realistic replication for local traffic conditions. This paper attempts to model driving behavior parameters using the microscopic simulation software VISSIM through a case study in the Khobar-Dammam metropolitan areas in Saudi Arabia. VISSIM default values for different sensitive parameters such as lane change distances, additive and multiplicative parts of desired safety distances, the number of preceding vehicles spotted, amber signal decisions, and minimum headway were identified to be most sensitive and significant parameters to be calibrated to precisely replicate field conditions. The simulation results using default values produced higher link speed, larger queue length, and shorter travel times than those observed in the field. However, measures of effectiveness (MOEs) obtained from calibrated models over desired simulation runs were comparable to those obtained from field surveys. All compared MOEs used to validate the model matched within a range of 5–10% to the field-observed values.
Coal-Electric Power Supply Chain Reduction and Operation Strategy under the Cap-and-Trade Model and Green Financial Background
Authors: Da Bowen , Liu Chuanzhe , Liu Nana , Xia Yufei , Xie Fangming
Published: May 2019

For reliving the pressure of air pollution and corresponding the sustainability development policy in China, the companies are urging the creation of a highly productive low-carbon supply chain. This work uses price regulation, the cap-and-trade model, and a green financial policy background to establish a strategy for the coal–electric power supply chain with two-level carbon reduction and operation with financial constraints. A Stackelberg model was built to help investigate the rate of thermal order realization, the carbon reduction strategy in the coal enterprise, and the amount of thermal energy ordered in the electric enterprise. Results show that under a green financial background, a high bank loan discount rate for investing in carbon reduction technology equates to large carbon reduction in coal enterprises, large quantities of thermal energy ordered in electric enterprises, and high profit for coal and electric enterprises. However, the realization rate of thermal power ordered decreased when the price regulation become strict, thereby reducing the profit and carbon emission in electric enterprise. Therefore, the thermal price regulation level increased, the profit on both company and the production did not respond with sensitivity, and the government could encourage a low carbon model by controlling the bank loan rate.
Economic Valuation of an Urban Lake Recreational Park: Case of Taman Tasik Cempaka in Bandar Baru Bangi, Malaysia
Authors: Othman Jamal , Jafari Yaghoob
Published: May 2019

There is growing public support for an outdoor, nature-based urban park, which offers the local population a wide range of recreational services for an improved quality of life. This study estimates the economic value of recreational benefits for the case of a lake-based urban park known as Taman Tasik Cempaka (TTC) in Bandar Baru Bangi in Selangor, Malaysia. The Travel Cost Method (TCM) was used to generate the demand function for park visitation and the recreational benefits were estimated using the Poisson and Negative Binomial (NB) models. The net benefits of recreation per visitor were evaluated at MYR 6.2 per trip while the price elasticity of demand was highly inelastic at −0.48. The result provides support for the imposition of an entrance fee and the subsequent revenue collection may be used for park upkeep and conservation.
Prediction of Land Use and Land Cover Changes for North Sumatra, Indonesia, Using an Artificial-Neural-Network-Based Cellular Automaton
Authors: Saputra Muhammad Hadi , Lee Han Soo
Published: May 2019

Land use and land cover (LULC) form a baseline thematic map for monitoring, resource management, and planning activities and facilitate the development of strategies to balance conservation, conflicting uses, and development pressures. In this study, changes in LULC in North Sumatra, Indonesia, are simulated and predicted using an artificial-neural-network-based cellular automaton (ANN-CA) model. Five criteria (altitude, slope, aspect, distance from the road, and soil type) are used as exploratory data in the learning process of the ANN-CA model to determine their impacts on LULC changes between 1990 and 2000; among the criteria, altitude and distance from the road have strong impacts. Comparison between the predicted and the real LULC maps for 2010 illustrates high agreement, with a Kappa index of 0.83 and a percentage of correctness of 87.28%. Then, the ANN-CA model is applied to predict LULC changes in 2050 and 2070. The LULC predictions for 2050 and 2070 demonstrate high increases in plantation area of more than 4%. Meanwhile, forest and crop area are projected to decrease by approximately 1.2% and 1.6%, respectively, by 2050. By 2070, forest and crop areas will decrease by 1.2% and 1.7%, respectively, indicating human influences on LULC changes from forest and cropland to plantations. This study illustrates that the simulation of LULC changes using the ANN-CA model can produce reliable predictions for future LULC.
Typology of Environmental Impacts of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining in African Great Lakes Region
Authors: Macháček Jan
Published: May 2019

Artisanal and small-scale mining is a widespread economic sector in the African Great Lakes Region, where it has an adverse impact on the population’s environment. The purpose of this paper is to summarize and consider the typology of the environmental impacts of artisanal and small-scale mining, in particular, the anthropogenic influences on topography with regard to the methods used in raw material mining. Among the most significant environmental aspects related to artisanal and small-scale mining are deforestation, changes in landscape structure, influence over geomorphological processes and hydrological river regime, chemical pollution of soil and watercourses, influencing soil production capacity. The aforementioned factors can cause health problems such as silicosis, poisoning by methyl orthophosphate, or injury during the mining activity itself. Artisanal and small-scale mining could initiate new geomorphological processes or modify naturally occurring geomorphological processes. These dynamic processes are influenced by the topography of the relief, soil properties, and rock composition. Anthropogenic activity in these cases may lead to faster reshaping (degradation or abrasion) of soil shapes. This study covers a broad understanding of environmental impacts of artisanal and small-scale mining with a focus on anthropogenic influencing.
Approximation to Logarithmic-Cauchy Type Singular Integrals with Highly Oscillatory Kernels
Authors: SAIRA  , Xiang Shuhuang
Published: May 2019

In this paper, a fast and accurate numerical Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature is proposed for the approximation of highly oscillatory integrals with Cauchy and logarithmic singularities, ⨍ − 1 1 f ( x ) log ( x − α ) e i k x x − t d x , t ∉ ( − 1 , 1 ) , α ∈ [ − 1 , 1 ] for a smooth function f ( x ) . This method consists of evaluation of the modified moments by stable recurrence relation and Cauchy kernel is solved by steepest descent method that transforms the oscillatory integral into the sum of line integrals. Later theoretical analysis and high accuracy of the method is illustrated by some examples.
Hierarchical Hexagonal Clustering and Indexing
Authors: Uher Vojtěch , Gajdoš Petr , Snášel Václav , Lai Yu-Chi , Radecký Michal
Published: May 2019

Space-filling curves (SFCs) represent an efficient and straightforward method for sparse-space indexing to transform an n-dimensional space into a one-dimensional representation. This is often applied for multidimensional point indexing which brings a better perspective for data analysis, visualization and queries. SFCs are involved in many areas such as big data analysis and visualization, image decomposition, computer graphics and geographic information systems (GISs). The indexing methods subdivide the space into logic clusters of close points and they differ in various parameters including the cluster order, the distance metrics, and the pattern shape. Beside the simple and highly preferred triangular and square uniform grids, the hexagonal uniform grids have gained high interest especially in areas such as GISs, image processing and data visualization for the uniform distance between cells and high effectiveness of circle coverage. While the linearization of hexagons is an obvious approach for memory representation, it seems there is no hexagonal SFC indexing method generally used in practice. The main limitation of hexagons lies in lacking infinite decomposition into sub-hexagons and similarity of tiles on different levels of hierarchy. Our research aims at defining a fast and robust hexagonal SFC method. The Gosper fractal is utilized to preserve the benefits of hexagonal grids and to efficiently and hierarchically linearize points in a hexagonal grid while solving the non-convex shape and recursive transformation issues of the fractal. A comparison to other SFCs and grids is conducted to verify the robustness and effectiveness of our hexagonal method.
Magnetic and Structural Properties of Barium Hexaferrite Nanoparticles Doped with Titanium
Authors: Dairy Abdul Raouf Al , Al-Hmoud Lina A. , Khatatbeh Heba A.
Published: May 2019

Samples of Barium Hexaferrite doped with Titanium BaFe12−xTixO19 with (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) were synthesized by the sol–gel auto-combustion technique. The powdered samples were divided into two parts, one sintered at 850 °C and another sintered 1000 °C for 1 h and samples were characterized by different experimental techniques. The XRD patterns confirmed the presence of M-type hexaferrite phase. The sizes of the crystallites were calculated by the Scherer equation, and the sizes were in the range of 27–42 nm. Using the hysteresis loops, the saturation magnetization Ms, remanence (Mr), the relative ratio (Mr/Ms), and the coercivity (Hc) were calculated. The study showed that the saturation magnetization (Ms) and remanence (Mr) decreased with increasing titanium concentration and were in the range from 44.65–17.17 emu/g and 23.1–7.7 emu/g, respectively. The coercivity (Hc) ranged between 0.583 and 4.51 (kOe). The magnetic properties of these Barium Hexaferrite doped with Titanium indicated that they could be used in the recording equipment and permanent magnets.
Hepatitis E Virus Drug Development
Authors: Kinast Volker , Burkard Thomas L , Todt Daniel , Steinmann Eike
Published: May 2019

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an underestimated disease, leading to estimated 20 million infections and up to 70,000 deaths annually. Infections are mostly asymptomatic but can reach mortality rates up to 25% in pregnant women or become chronic in immunocompromised patients. The current therapy options are limited to the unspecific antivirals Ribavirin (RBV) and pegylated Interferon-α (pegIFN-α). RBV leads to viral clearance in only 80% of patients treated, and is, similar to pegIFN-α, contraindicated in the major risk group of pregnant women, emphasizing the importance of new therapy options. In this review, we focus on the urgent need and current efforts in HEV drug development. We provide an overview of the current status of HEV antiviral research. Furthermore, we discuss strategies for drug development and the limitations of the approaches with respect to HEV.
Emergence of Fluoxetine-Resistant Variants during Treatment of Human Pancreatic Cell Cultures Persistently Infected with Coxsackievirus B4
Authors: Alidjinou Enagnon Kazali , Bertin Antoine , Sane Famara , Caloone Delphine , Engelmann Ilka , Hober Didier
Published: May 2019

This study reports the antiviral activity of the drug fluoxetine against some enteroviruses (EV). We had previously established a model of persistent coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) infection in pancreatic cell cultures and demonstrated that fluoxetine could clear the virus from these cultures. We further report the emergence of resistant variants during the treatment with fluoxetine in this model. Four independent persistent CVB4 infections in Panc-1 cells were treated with fluoxetine. The resistance to fluoxetine was investigated in an acute infection model. The 2C region, the putative target of fluoxetine antiviral activity, was sequenced. However, Fluoxetine treatment failed to clear CVB4 in two persistent infections. The resistance to fluoxetine was later confirmed in HEp-2 cells. The decrease in viral titer was significantly lower when cells were inoculated with the virus obtained from persistently infected cultures treated with fluoxetine than those from susceptible mock-treated cultures (0.6 log TCID50/mL versus 4.2 log TCID50/mL, p < 0.0001). Some previously described mutations and additional ones within the 2C protein were found in the fluoxetine-resistant isolates. The model of persistent infection is an interesting tool for assessing the emergence of variants resistant to anti-EV molecules. The resistance of EV strains to fluoxetine and its mechanisms require further investigation.
Computational Approaches and Challenges to Developing Universal Influenza Vaccines
Authors: Qiu Xueting , Duvvuri Venkata R. , Bahl Justin
Published: May 2019

The traditional design of effective vaccines for rapidly-evolving pathogens, such as influenza A virus, has failed to provide broad spectrum and long-lasting protection. With low cost whole genome sequencing technology and powerful computing capabilities, novel computational approaches have demonstrated the potential to facilitate the design of a universal influenza vaccine. However, few studies have integrated computational optimization in the design and discovery of new vaccines. Understanding the potential of computational vaccine design is necessary before these approaches can be implemented on a broad scale. This review summarizes some promising computational approaches under current development, including computationally optimized broadly reactive antigens with consensus sequences, phylogenetic model-based ancestral sequence reconstruction, and immunomics to compute conserved cross-reactive T-cell epitopes. Interactions between virus-host-environment determine the evolvability of the influenza population. We propose that with the development of novel technologies that allow the integration of data sources such as protein structural modeling, host antibody repertoire analysis and advanced phylodynamic modeling, computational approaches will be crucial for the development of a long-lasting universal influenza vaccine. Taken together, computational approaches are powerful and promising tools for the development of a universal influenza vaccine with durable and broad protection.
Nitrogen in Water-Portugal and Denmark: Two Contrasting Realities
Authors: Cruz Soraia , Cordovil Cláudia M.d.S. , Pinto Renata , Brito António G. , Cameira Maria R. , Gonçalves Guilherme , Poulsen Jane R. , Thodsen Hans , Kronvang Brian , May Linda
Published: May 2019

Agricultural activities are responsible for most of the nitrogen (N) inputs that degrade water quality. To elucidate the drivers leading to N pressures on water, we examined the resulting state of surface waters in terms of N concentrations, the impact of this on water quality status and policy responses to these constraints across different climatic and management conditions. Portugal and Denmark were chosen as contrasting case studies for the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) analysis. Our results showed reductions of 39% and 25% in the use of mineral fertilizer in Portugal and Denmark, respectively, between 2000 and 2010. The N surplus in Portugal varied between 15 and 30 kg N ha−1 between 1995 and 2015. In Denmark, in 2015, this amount was 70 kg N ha−1, representing a 53% decrease from the 1990 value. The average amount of total N discharged to surface waters was 7 kg ha−1 for mainland Portugal in 2015 and 14.6 kg ha−1 for Denmark in 2014. These reductions in the N surplus were attributed to historical policies aimed at N pressure abatement. In Denmark, N losses are expected to decline further through the continuation or improvement of existing national action plans. In Portugal, they are expected to decline further due to the expansion of Nitrate Vulnerable Zones and the introduction of targeted policies aimed at improving N use efficiency and reducing losses to water.
A Preliminary Study of the Failure Modes and Process of Landslide Dams Due to Upstream Flow
Authors: Zhu Xinghua , Peng Jianbing , Jiang Cheng , Guo Weilong
Published: May 2019

In the process of mineral development, large-scale flash floods (or debris flows) can be induced by the failure of landslide dams formed by the disorganized stacking of mine waste. In this study, the modes and processes of mine waste dam failures were explored using 13 experimental tests based on the field investigation of landslide dams in the Xiaoqinling gold mining area in China. Our 13 mine waste dam experiments exhibited three failure modes: (i) Piping, overtopping, and erosion; (ii) overtopping and soil collapse; and (iii) overtopping and erosion. In addition, the failure processes of the landslide dams included impoundment, seepage, overtopping, and soil erosion. Different experimental conditions would inevitably lead to different failure processes and modes, with the failure modes being primarily determined by the seepage characteristics. Overtopping was the triggering condition for dam failure. The landslide dam failure process was determined based on the particle size of the mine waste and the shape of the dam. These findings will provide a scientific reference for the prevention and mitigation of natural hazards in mining areas.
THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION ASYMMETRY, MORAL HAZARD AND THE STRUCTURE OF FUNDING ON CORPORATE U.S. DOLLARS LOAN PRICING: THE EMPIRICAL STUDY IN INDONESIA THE PERIOD 1990-1997
Authors: Marciano Deddy , Husnan Suad
Published: May 2019

This study aims to answer the question: "What factors that influence the price of corporate loans in Indonesia?" And "Are there some differences in loan pricing between several types of creditors?". Furthermore, this research is to develop and test the loan pricing model that was developed in America and Europe to the context or setting in Asia, especially Indonesia. Different conditions and settings of the financial system between America/Europe and Asia, especially Indonesia, causing the loan pricing model that was developed in America/Europe can not be fully implemented for Indonesia. Key issues in this study consisted of: information asymmetry, moral hazard and funding structure. The first issue, information asymmetry consists of the type of creditors, foreign and domestic ownership, public and non-public ownership. The second issue, moral hazard problem consists of variables governmental and non-government ownership, and the special relationship between creditors and debtors. The last issue, creditors’ structure of funding is proxied by the ratio of CD / ML. In addition, this study also adobt the loan pricing models that are developed in America / Europe as control variables. This study also examines the argument of Strahan (1999) whether the loan fees also reflected the condition of the loan as well as loan spreads. The OLS regression (Ordinary Least Squares) with white correction method (White heteroskedasticity correction) for heteroscedasticity problem is conducted to test the model. Various samples and sub samples are prepared to answer various research questions and hypotheses. Testing between regression coefficients are conducted to examine differences in loan pricing between different types of creditors for each variable in the model. The test results generally show that only two new variables suggested by the study, namely: ownership and structure of funding have a significant contribution to the loan pricing model. For variable type of institution consisting of investment banks and commercial banks indicate that generally there is no difference in loan pricing between the two, only in some models of these variables are not significant with signs consistent.Ownership variable show results consistent with the hypothesis and significant effect on loan prices. While the variable special relationship between creditors and debtors have no effect on loan prices, it is due to inter-group loans made by conglomerates. For the case of capital costs of the creditor shows that the variable has a positive effect on lending rates set by creditors. Testing different regression coefficients lead to the conclusion that domestic creditors succeeded in detecting an increased risk of the debtor before the economic crisis of 1997 compared with foreign creditors.
MODEL POLICY DESIGN FOR THE BEEF CATTLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Achmad Machmud , Hartoyo Sri , Arifin Bustanul , Didu Muhammad Said
Published: May 2019

This study examines some factors that influence policies on developing cattle beef and designing integrated planning systems in South Sulawesi. The method for this study includes qualitative and quantitative approaches using survey method to obtain primary data. Data were analysed and presented in the form of descriptive tables and graphs with analytical tools policy. Results were obtained from choices of recommendations which are elaborated in the form of strategy and policy implications based on expert opinions (expert judgment). Internal and External Matrices were generated by the SWOT analysis and the QSPM. The results show that current position of beef cattle in South Sulawesi is in the quadrant of growth and development. Analysing all the factors from SWOT approach, four strategies were developed to determine the beef cattle policy strategy. Using the QSPM, the results further suggest that the best strategy is priority strategy as seen from its QSPM value of 6,901.An integrated system between the beef cattle rancher and crop (rice and corn), implies that in order to achieve this goal, technology improvement and innovation play important roles, especially technology for the feed processing system.
RESPON ASIMETRI DALAM SPILLOVER VOLATILITAS : SUATU STUDI EMPIRIS TERHADAP PASAR MODAL JEPANG DAN INDONESIA
Authors: Yudha Petra Minurvia
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji asymmetric volatility spillover phenomenon dalam mekanisme transmisi spillover volatilitas return dari pasar saham Jepang kepada pasar saham Indonesia. Studi ini menyatakan bahwa semakin meningkatnya integrasi pasar keuangan, korelasi return dan volatilitas antara kedua pasar menjadi lebih kuat serta proses transmisi shock dalam spillover volatilitas tersebut memiliki karakteristik asimetris. Pengamatan ke arah respon asimetris menjadi penting karena spillover yang

asimetris merupakan sumber penularan keuangan serta berimplikasi penting ke arah kebijakan makro bagi pengambil keputusan keuangan, termasuk alokasi aset optimal maupun konstruksi portfolio global. Pengujian yang Rasi TGARCH model dengan menggunakan dua variabel dummyZ, yakni sign asymmetry dan phase asymmetry. Uji normalitas data menunjukkan adanya fenomena fat tails dan volatility clustering dalam data. Uji ARCH effect menunjukkan adanya efek ARCH dalam residual data. Estimasi model TGARCH dengan spesifikasi ARMA (3,3) menghasilkan: (1) transmisi shock/volatilitas return dari Bursa

Efek Jepang ke Bursa Efek Indonesia akan menjadi lebih kuat ketika Bursa Efek Jepang mengalami return negatif (sign asymmetry) dibandingkan dengan ketika Bursa Efek

Jepang mengalami return positif; dan (2) transmisi shock juga menjadi lebih kuat ketika Bursa Efek Jepang berada dalam fase downward (bear market), dan ini disebut phase asymmetry.
MERANCANG STRATEGI HUMAN RESOURCE RETENTION PADA PT. XYZ
Authors: Hutagalung Eleonora Chrysenny
Published: May 2019

Sejak tahun 2008, seiring dengan terus menurunnya kinerja di PT. XYZ, lebih dari sepertiga karyawan mengundurkan diri. Kebanyakan karyawan tersebut adalah karyawan manajerial yang memiliki pengaruh pada perusahaa. Survey, menunjukkan bahwa ada alas an mengundurkan diri adalah ketidakpuasan karyawan yang menyebabkan mereka enggan terlibat sepenuhnya atau engage dengan perusahaan. Ketidakpuasan tersebut disebabkan oleh rendahnya perhatian perusahaan pada aspek-aspek pelatihan dan pengembangan karyawan, pengembangan karir, kompensasi dan benefitserta penilaian manajemen/kinerja. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di PT. XYZ terdapat empat dari delapan faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan karyawan untuk tetap bertahan di dalam perusahaan dengan kondisi ekomomi yang kurang menguntungkan. Keempat faktor tersebut adalah lingkungan kerja yang harmonis, kerjasama yang efektif, perhatian perusahaan terhadap kesehatan dan kesejahteraan, dan kesempatan meningkatkan kinerja.Berdasarkan hasil survey, dirancang suatu strategi untuk meningkatkan human resources retention pada PT. XYZ.
ANALISIS PAKAR TERHADAP TINGKAT TURBULENSI LINGKUNGAN ORGANISASI BISNIS TELEKOMUNIKASI SELULAR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Idawati Dwi , Dharmawan Arya Hadi , Mangkuprawira Sjafri
Published: May 2019

The key challenge for the telecommunication business industry in the global world’s is “assuring competitiveness and profitability” for their companies in turbulent environments. Never in history has the pace of change in the business environment been as rapid as it is now. Recent developments such as the global marketplace, customers’ demands that are differentiated by different buying power and product preferences in this environment, technological leadership is one of the key success factor. New technologies and new industries develop rapidly and customers are prepared to pay for the most newest technology. The company’s strengths and successful strategies of the corporate leadership in the past are likely to remain relevant in the future. The research findings revealed that the turbulent environment level in the mobile telecommunication industry was in the discontinuous –strategic level, where the future is not extension of the past. This environment situation facing by Indonesia’s telecomunication industry need the corporate leadership to challenge the organisation survival. This research is based on the qualitative descriptive method by using data obtained from telecommunication industry experts and secondary data.
PERAN MODERASI PERCEIVED CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DALAM PENGARUH TRUST TERHADAP LOYALITAS DAN REPURCHASE INTENTION PADA AIR MINUM DALAM KEMASAN MEREK AQUA DI SURABAYA
Authors: Susanti Christina Esti
Published: May 2019

In recent business competition, marketing managers try to satisfying consumers and building stable-long term relationship between company and consumer. The relationship needs consumer’s trust to company. That is why marketing managers are interested in knowing the impact of trust, loyalty and corporate social responsibility (CSR) toward customer retention (repurchase intention) in order to develop the long term profitability of the company. The long term relationship with consumers results in profitability and also impacts of survival and company development. In other word, trust influences toward loyalty and consumer retention. In the same moment, it is not surprising that academicians and practitioner effort to understand trust, customer loyalty, repurchase intention and CSR. This research examines firstly, influence of customer trust toward customer loyalty. Secondly, the research examines influence of customer loyalty toward repurchase intention. Thirdly, the research examines the role of perceived CSR as a moderating variable on the influence customer trust toward customer loyalty. The packaged-drinking water Aqua is taken as the research context because the Aqua company have donated 10 litter clean water in East Indonesia for each of one litter consumer buying. The result of the research shows that perceived CSR play a strong and positive role of influencing trust toward loyalty. Otherwise, trust influences strongly toward loyalty and loyalty influences strong enough toward repurchase intention. The result is expected to give managerial benefit for Aqua Company and also theoretical development in marketing related to the moderation role of perceived CSR in the influence of trust toward loyalty and repurchase intention.
Dynamic response of rail track in longitudinal direction
Authors: Czyczuła Włodzimierz , Chudyba Łukasz
Published: May 2019

The paper presents an analysis of linear models track response under longitudinal loads due to braking/accelerating of the train. Longitudinal forces are uniformly distributed on the whole length of the train. Analysis was carried out under assumption that – in the short time – train speed not changes significantly. Therefore stationary response of rail track is considered. The problem of critical speed has been analyzed. Effect of damping properties of track foundation on maximum longitudinal displacements were also considered. In summary certain practical conclusions were formulated as well as the further investigations were pointed out.
RAMS FOR RAILWAY TURNOUTS
Authors: Kwiatkowska Ewelina
Published: May 2019

The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety is an important issue for the integration of the railway system in the European Union. Rail's analysis of railways shows the necessity to design railway lines with the safety and accessibility of railways. RAMS needs to maintain on the railway line the unsatisfactoriness and rigidity of subwoofer and the highest quality of maintenance and operation.
Simulation analysis of the western 3rd ring road project in Krakow and its forecast impact upon the urban transport network performance
Authors: Drabicki Arkadiusz , Szarata Andrzej , Kucharski Rafał
Published: May 2019

The paper presents results from simulation analysis of the western 3rd ring road project in the city of Krakow (i.e. Trasa Lagiewnicka, Trasa Pychowicka and Trasa Zwierzyniecka), performed in the macroscopic model of transport system in the Krakow metropolitan area. Simulation works reveal shifts in traffic flows and changes in urban transport network performance which would likely take place after the stage-wise construction of consecutive 3rd ring road western sections. Results indicate that the analysed road schemes would indeed have a relevant impact upon travel conditions, though in initial stages these would be rather limited and confined to the southern part of the city. Therefore, completion of the whole western section of the 3rd ring road is crucial to its overall effectiveness and would only then bring substantial benefits on a city-wide scale. Simulation works seem to confirm that the future 3rd ring road would become an essential and highly-utilised link in the urban road network and would provide a much more efficient connection between the northern and southern parts of the Krakow city. However, apart from the projected benefits, it is also important to underline potential negative implications – and consequently, further changes in city transport system should envisage reduction of the road network capacity within the inner-city area. This would then provide the best possible chance of fostering the improvements achieved with the 3rd ring road scheme: i.e., positive changes in accessibility and travelling conditions across the whole city and long-term, sustainable traffic congestion relief in the inner-city Krakow area.
Construction loads of the soil-steel structures
Authors: Machelski Czesław
Published: May 2019

A characteristic feature of the soil-steel structure, unlike conventional bridges, is greatly influenced by the backfill ground and the road surface as a load-bearing elements. In the model of soil-steel structure there are two structural parts: steel shell with corrugated pates and backfilling ground with road surface. The interaction between them is modelled as an contact interaction (interface), which is a normal and tangential force to the surface of the shell. The paper provides an algorithm in which the internal forces in the shell are determined on the basis of unit deformations and hence contact effects. The solution uses the condition of compatibility of contact between the soil and the shell and it is allowed to slip at the interface between these two structural parts. In the analysis, attention was paid to the minimum backfilling cover thickness above the shell crown that is safe for construction loads.
How to terminate the Bielany Interchange
Authors: Kruszyna Maciej
Published: May 2019

The article discusses the design of road interchanges in terms of their layout, expansion and location in the road network. As a case study, the "Bielany Wrocławskie" interchange was analyzed on the A4 motorway and the southern inlet to Wrocław. Present state was presented (including current renovation) against the history of construction and transformations of this object. Spatial and movement conditions are shown. After analyzing these elements, the author asks about the future of the interchange. Will the most functional solution be further reconstruction or liquidation of the node in this location? The analyzes may be used in shaping the network of rapid traffic routes in other locations than analyzed in the article.
Application of recycled concrete aggregate in mineral-cement-emulsion mixtures
Authors: Skotnicki Łukasz , Kuźniewski Jarosław
Published: May 2019

The article presents selected problems connected with the accomplishment of the research grant ‘Application of reclaimed materials’ as part of the joint project Development of Road Innovations (RID) co-financed by the National Centre of Research and Development as well as the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways. The main aim of the project was to analyse possibilities of application of reclaimed concrete obtained from the demolition waste from the existing roads to produce new layers of road pavements. The article presents selected test results which show the influence of the reclaimed concrete content on the strength parameters of the MCE mixtures. Significant variation of the tested MCE mixtures properties depending on the percentage of the reclaimed material has been indicated. It has been suggested that new tests should be implemented in the process of MCE mixtures design process. An optimal content of reclaimed concrete has been determined in order to obtain required values of the analysed parameters. The application of reclaimed concrete in conventional MCE mixtures made it possible to achieve positive economical and environmental effects.
Assessment of anti-skid properties of airfield pavements using devices for friction coefficient continuous measurement
Authors: Wesołowski Mariusz , Blacha Krzysztof , Kowalewska Agata , Iwanowski Paweł
Published: May 2019

The anti-skid properties of airfield pavements are one of the crucial factors impacting air traffic safety within the ground manoeuvring area. These values are evaluated directly through an analysis of the pavement macro- and microstructure, based on the friction coefficient measurement. The friction coefficient is a ratio between the pressure force of the wheel on the pavement and the friction force generated on their contact surface. Currently there are numerous devices for continuous measurement of the friction coefficient (Continuous Friction-Measuring Equipment - CFME), which in terms of their basic principle of operation, do not differ significantly from each other. CFME measure the pressure force exerted by the measuring wheel on the pavement and the friction forces on the wheel-pavement contact surface. The ratio of these two values is the friction coefficient. Apart from the similarities, these devices also exhibit difference, important in terms of the obtained values. The differences in the type and size of the used measuring tyre, value of wheel skid relative to the pavement or the pressure in the tyre should be mentioned. The results obtained from the measurements taken with the devices might differ by up to several ten percent, therefore they should not be compared, as well as referenced to the same requirements. At the same time, each of the devices enables the determination of anti-skid conditions of the pavement relative to the requirements set out for a given device type, which allows for the classification of the pavement in this regard. Taking classification into account, it is possible to compare the results obtained from various measuring devices. The article presents an overview of the instruments used for continuous friction measurement on airfield pavements, at the same time discussing the ones used on Polish roads. The authors emphasize the requirements for pavements in terms of roughness, taking into account the type of the used device. Moreover, it presents the test procedure for device with no previously determined requirements, but a need to introduce them to the market.
Investigations of contact interactions in buried corrugated metal structure by means of strain gauges
Authors: Machelski Czesław , Korusiewicz Leszek
Published: May 2019

This paper analyzes the distributions of contact soil-steel interactions in the form of normal and shear components. Unit strain measured by electrical resistance strain gauges are used in the cal-culations. An algorithm for transforming strain functions into contact forces distributed along the circumferential section of the steel shell is presented. When the measuring points are regularly spaced, it is advantageous to adopt the differential approach to the solution. The effectiveness of the algorithm has been demonstrated through a test conducted in laboratory conditions, using a static force system as the rolling stock load. The intensity of loading from the standard value to the predicted limit value was adopted as the variable parameter in the analysis. The results of the calculations are presented in the form of functions of the forces distributed along the shell’s cir-cumferential section. An analysis of three exemplary cases, carried out in this paper, has shown that even when the load distribution on the soil surcharge is almost uniform, the contact forces form composite functions. Moreover, the latter considerably diverge from load proportionality.
Automatic removal of the plane from a spin using fuzzy logic controller
Authors: Prusik Jacek , Rogalski Tomasz
Published: May 2019

The paper presents a concept of automatic control system recovering an aircraft from the spin using fuzzy logic controller. Control system causing: stall, spin, spin recovery, dive recovery and switching on classic heading and altitude autopilots, was created in Matlab – Simulink software, which was connected to the flight simulator X-Plane. During tests developed control algorithms were checked and tuned. At the end graphs of flight parameters recorded during simulation were analyzed, and properties of designed control system were evaluated. Particular attention was paid to the design of a fuzzy logic controller stopping autorotation of the aircraft. On the output it controlled the position of the rudder, while on input it received a signal being a function of the angular velocity of the aircraft.
Approach on risk factors of bovine trypanosomosis due to Trypanosoma vivax in the Bolivian and Brazilian pantanals
Authors: Aguilar M. S. Silva Roberto
Published: May 2019

Trypanosoma vivax caused between 1995 and 1997 a devastating disease in Bolivian andBrazilian Pantanals. These regions are very important beef cattle breeding in Brazil andBolivia. The principal clinical signs of bovine trypanosomosis in livestock were anemia,severe leucopenia, and abortion. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the riskfactors of the natural bovine trypanosomosis in the Bolivian and Brazilian Pantanals. Weconcluded that the principal risk factors related to T. vivax transmission in the Bolivian andBrazilian Pantanals were the transportation by foot, because the conditions for acquisition ortransmission of T. vivax were greatest at the numerous resting places along the route, the useof contaminated needles during vaccinations, and transmission by tabanids during the rainyseason. The fauna contamination should be also considered.
Avaliação clínica e angiográfica da vascularização consecutiva à ressecção experimental da jugular de equinos
Authors: Hussni Carlos Alberto , Triches Dornbusch Peterson , Liz Garcia Alves Ana , Thomassian Armen , De Mello Nicoletti José Luiz , Pântano De Cillo Gustavo , Vulcano Luiz Carlos
Published: May 2019

A ressecção cirúrgica da jugular dos eqüinos é indicada em casos de tromboflebite sépticapara reduzir os riscos de embolismo séptico, flegmão e abscessos. Com o objetivo de seavaliar aspectos clínicos e angiográficos regionais pós-ressecção segmentar unilateral dajugular em eqüinos adultos, foram utilizados cinco animais, previamente submetidos aimplante de enxerto homólogo da jugular direita. O segmento implantado foi removidocirurgicamente, com síntese dos cotos venosos e planos cirúrgicos. Até o 10º dia pósoperatório, quando se retirou a sutura de pele, observou-se edema das regiões parotídea esubmandibular, sem fluxo de retorno venoso pela veia operada, e ausência do ingurgitamentoapós o garroteamento jugular caudal à cirurgia. Um ano após a remoção do segmentovascular, observou-se aumento de volume discreto da região parotídea, sem sinais de dor localou aumento da temperatura. Os segmentos cranial e caudal mostraram-se dilatados frente àcompressão venosa jugular na entrada do tórax, indicando presença de fluxo sanguíneo.Procedeu-se então a venografia da jugular, com aplicação de contraste no segmento cranial àregião operada, destacando-se a presença de inúmeros vasos colaterais, com trajetos sinuososfazendo a conexão entre os segmentos cranial e caudal da jugular operada, permitindo orestabelecimento da drenagem sanguínea pelo segmento caudal à ressecção.