bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Effect of Different Glazing Brands on Surface Roughness of Monolithic Zirconia
Authors: Riyam Imad Fouad  , Lateef Essa Alwan Al Jorani  , Abdel Kareem Jasim Khadim Al-Azzawi
Published: July 2023

The effect of glazing on the mechanical properties of monolithic high translucent zirconia is widely used to fabricate highly aesthetic and strong dental restorations using CAD-CAM technology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness of different glazing brands' materials on monolithic Zirconia. 40 specimens from Zirconia block (VITA YZ®XT Color, Diameter 98.4x14mm height) were prepared by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing machined (Imes-Icore, 5 axis, COR TEC 250i dry, Germany). The samples dimension for the surface roughness test (diameter 10 mm and thickness 2 mm) by using a surface roughness testing machine profilometer (TR200, Germany), divided into 3 groups depending on types of glazing brands materials (VITA, VITA AKZENT® Plus, glaze LT, Germany), the second group with (Ivoclar Vivadent, IPS e.max Ceram glaze and stain liquid, Liechtenstein), and the third group with (GC Initial spectrum glaze liquid, Austria). The data were analyzed statistically using the package for social science, (ANOVA) test with the Bonferroni test to accept or reject the statistical hypothesis. For the roughness readings, the GC group had the greatest mean value of surface roughness in zirconia (0.721±0.014), followed Ivoclar group (0.663 ± 0.030), and then the VITA group (0.641±0.021). There was a statistically significant difference between (VITA&GC) and (Ivoclar & GC) with a p-value < 0.05, except between VITA with Ivoclar, there was no statistically significant association with a p-value > 0.05 for both. Zirconia glazed with GC paste (powder, fluid) has higher surface roughness than samples glazed with Ivoclar paste (powder, fluid) followed by the VITA group which has lower surface roughness. The results concluded that the monolithic zirconia glazed with GC glaze material displays a higher surface roughness than Ivoclar and VITA glaze.
Short Review for Design and Implementation of a New Low-Cost Prototype Portable Smart Ventilator
Authors: Shereen Q. Blais  , Jameel K. Abed  , Mohannad J. Mnati  , Tareq S. El-Hasan
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a set of research and an overview of the stages of development of the ventilator. The results of this research show how to produce a portable, smart, easy-to-manufacture and use device that can be developed at the lowest costs. Mechanical ventilation has become a lifesaver, especially during the outbreak of the Coronavirus COVID-19 where the patient needs continuous ventilation in order to help the respiratory system to perform its functions correctly due to the accumulation of fluid in the lungs resulting from viruses that infect the respiratory system, thus improving survival.
Generating Encrypted Document Index Structure Using Tree Browser
Authors: N. Mhawi Doaa , Haider W. Oleiwi  , L. Al-Taie Heba
Published: July 2023

The document indexing process aims to store documents in a manner that facilitates the process of retrieving specific documents efficiently in terms of accuracy and time complexity. Many information retrieval systems encounter security issues and execution time to retrieve relevant documents. In addition, these systems lead to ample storage. Therefore, it requires combining confidentiality with the indexed document, and a separate process is performed to encrypt the documents. Hence, a new indexing structure named tree browser (TB) was proposed in this paper to be applied to index files of the large document set in an encrypted manner. This method represents the keywords in a variable-length binary format before being stored in the index. This binary format provides additional encryption to the information stored and reduces the index size. The proposed method (TB) is applied to the WebKB dataset. This dataset is related to web page documents (semi-structured documents). The experimental results demonstrated that the storage size is reduced by using TB-tree to 48.5 MB, while the traditional index is 307 MB.
Mechanical Behaviour of Polymer Matrix Composite Reinforced by Silicon Carbide Particles
Authors: Muna Noori Ismael  , Hazim F. Hassan
Published: July 2023

In various fields, Polymer-based composites are used extensively instead of traditional materials. The hand lay-up technology has been employed to prepare the composites of Silicon carbide particles-epoxy. Mechanical properties; shore D hardness, Flexural strength, tensile strength and impact strength were measured for all specimens. The present work has also studied the impact of different weight percentages (including 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18) wt.% of SiC solid powder on the mechanical properties of fabricated samples with two average particle sizes of 75 and 105 µm. SiC particles were utilized as reinforcement with the epoxy with hardener according to the mixing of (3:1) ratio. The experimental results found that hardness, flexural strength and impact strength can be increased by increasing the weight percentage of Silicon carbide, while tensile strength is decreased with an increased weight fraction of silicon carbide.  At the same time, these properties were enhanced when the particles of SiC have 75 µm more than at 105 µm.
Modelling and Estimation of Interior Orientation of Non-Metric Cameras using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Hasanain A. Ajjah  , H H Alboabidallah Ahmed , U. Mohammed Mamoun , Awesar A. Hussain
Published: July 2023

With the advancement of low-cost digital cameras and their widespread, especially in smartphones, these cameras are not designed for photogrammetry applications. The main aim of this study is to model and estimate the interior orientation parameters (IOPs) for images captured by volunteer-run cameras using artificial intelligence. These cameras were unavailable to perform traditional calibration processes or use images from unknown sources for image measuring. Estimating IOPs using random values within the range determined by testing the selected sample's consistency. Optimization was performed by Utilizing the Simulated Annealing algorithm based on stereo calibration to obtain the best possible values of these parameters that produce the minimum RMS-reprojection error attained. By The variance between the parameters from the pre-calibration process and estimated by an artificial intelligence system, The coefficient of determination in the IOPs (focal length R2 = 0.717 to 0.812, principal point (X, Y) R2 = (0.674 to 0.869, 0.504 to 0.613), Both radial and tangential coefficients, R2 was close to zero). Therefore, the estimations of radial distortions k1, k2, and tangential distortions p1 and p2 are invalid. A reasonably strong relationship between principal distance and principal point with low lens distortion parameters due to the significant relative differences between the distortion parameters, sufficient strength of the relationship between calculating parameters, and estimating according to accuracy tolerance in photogrammetry applications.
Development Of Interactive Teaching Media to Improve the Creativity of UHKBPNP Physics Education Students
Authors: Siahaan Fine Eirene , Simamora Aprido Bernando
Published: July 2023

Interactive media is media that asks students to practice a skill and receive feedback. As previously stated, interactive media is a system for presenting lessons with visuals, sound, and video material, which are presented with controls so that students can not only hear and see images and sound, but also give an active response. Creativity is an ability to create something new, unique, different from before, either in the form of an idea or a real work by combining pre-existing elements. The type of research used is the method of developing interactive learning media. The purpose of this study was to increase the creativity of UHKBNPP physics education students in developing interactive teaching media. The conclusions obtained from the development of interactive teaching media to increase the creativity of UHKPNP physics education students are very high, namely the average percentage is 96%. This is obtained from the average percentage of media experts, namely 83.76%. For the average percentage of material experts is 91.25%. This is very good for students in developing media to increase student creativity.
Neural Model-Applying Network (Neuman): A New Basis for Computational Cognition
Authors: Roth Frederick
Published: July 2023

NeuMAN represents a new model for computational cognition synthesizing important results across AI, psychology, and neuroscience. NeuMAN is based on three important ideas: (1) neural mechanisms perform all requirements for intelligence without symbolic reasoning on finite sets, thus avoiding exponential matching algorithms; (2) the network reinforces hierarchical abstraction and composition for sensing and acting; and (3) the network uses learned sequences within contextual frames to make predictions, minimize reactions to expected events, and increase responsiveness to high-value information. These systems exhibit both automatic and deliberate processes. NeuMAN accords with a wide variety of findings in neural and cognitive science and will supersede symbolic reasoning as a foundation for AI and as a model of human intelligence. It will likely become the principal mechanism for engineering intelligent systems.
The Development of Real-Time Energy Consumption Monitoring using IoT
Authors: L. Pagaduan Lyndel Jean , G.Portolazo Jhobert , D. Delfin Jounariz Xavier , Cruz John Pablo O. Dela , O. Estanda Micah Bambie
Published: July 2023

Energy shortage is a global challenge with significant implications for economies, societies, and the environment, including the Philippines. Promoting energy conservation in households is an effective approach to address this issue. In the Municipality of Midsayap, North Cotabato, Philippines, unmonitored energy consumption leads to excessive energy usage in households. To address this problem, this paper aims to research, build, test and implement a Real-Time Energy Consumption Monitoring (RECM) device using IoT technology. The RECM device, equipped with an SCT013 current sensor, enables real-time 24/7 monitoring of energy consumption. The monitored data is displayed in graphical and numerical formats using the Thing Speak cloud storage service. The RECM device was deployed in households, and a survey was conducted to evaluate its functionality and effectiveness. The results indicate that the design of the RECM device is a highly useful and efficient tool for real-time energy consumption monitoring. This paper provides circuit diagrams, wiring diagrams, and the list of materials used to develop the Real-Time Energy Consumption Monitoring (RECM) device using IoT.”
Soft Computing: Contents, Techniques and Application
Authors: Gr. Voskoglou Michael
Published: July 2023

Soft Computing is a relatively new branch of Computer Science that deals with approximate reasoning. The techniques of Soft Computing are used successfully nowadays in many domestic, commercial and industrial applications becoming a major research object in automatic control engineering. The present paper reviews the contents of Soft Computing, which include probabilistic and in particular Bayesian reasoning, fuzzy logic, artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms. These topics are complementary to each other and can be used simultaneously for solving complex real-life problems, which cannot or it is too difficult be modelled mathematically. The paper also explores the main techniques used in Soft Computing and discusses their advantages with respect to the traditional techniques of hard computing.
The Order of Numbers and the Goldbach Conjecture
Authors: Wötzel Jacqueline
Published: July 2023

Following will be regard the potentiality of order of numbers for the ternary Goldbach conjecture, where he claimed that “every number… is an aggregate of three prime numbers”. The order of numbers illustrates the possible combinations of prime numbers for the generation of all natural (integer) numbers. Two ways to fragment a natural number in a sum of prime numbers are represented. The ternary conjecture of Goldbach can be confirmed at this way. A binary addition is also possible and demands that one summand be a product with a prime number.
Incorporating a Web-Based System to Implement Services and Recommendation System for International Students in Northeastern University (NEU)
Authors: Mbowoh Kometa Denis
Published: July 2023

China has become a major study destination for many international students who come to study in many higher institutions at different levels. NEU is one of these higher institutions and as a result seeks to make life comfortable for the international students who come to study there. It is in this vein that this system has been designed with the objective of enabling any new foreign student arriving NEU to acquaint themselves with the new environment and integrate it in less than no time thereby overcoming the fear of the new environment which grips every new comer. Key technologies, tools such as Spring MVC/Security, JSF Prime Faces, etc. were carefully chosen for the development of the project. The system development followed the system development life cycle, specifically using the agile methodology. Testing proved that the proposed system is a very responsive and could run well on most browsers.
A Novel Exploit Traffic Traceback Method Based on Session Relationship
Authors: Liu Yajing , Cai Ruijie , Yin Xiaokang , Liu Shengli
Published: July 2023

Vulnerability exploitation is the key to obtaining the control authority of the system, posing a significant threat to network security. Therefore, it is necessary to discover exploitation from traffic. The current methods usually only target a single stage with an incomplete causal relationship and depend on the payload content, causing attacker easily avoids detection by encrypting traffic and other means. We propose a traffic traceback method of vulnerability exploitation to solve the above problems based on session relation. First, we construct the session relationship model using the session correlation of different stages during the exploit. Second, we build a session diagram based on historical traffic. Finally, we traverse the session diagram to find the traffic conforming to the session relationship model. Compared with Blatta, a method detecting early exploit traffic with RNN, the detection rate of our method is increased by 50%, independent of traffic encryption methods.
The Design of a Lighting System for Hong Kong International Airport APM Tunnel for Energy Saving with Artificial Intelligence (AI) Lighting Defect Detection System
Authors: Tsang Tony , Hin Chan Shui
Published: July 2023

The current situation is that global climate change become grimmer, so it has become an important concern. Improving energy efficiency of our device is one of the measures to solve the threat of global climate change. In this circumstance, the first aims research project to design a lighting system to enhance the energy efficiency and the reliability of the lighting system of APM tunnel. Therefore, the replacement of fluorescent light to LED light is an effective way to achieve the target. In truth, substitution of fluorescent lighting to LED light has been promoted for a long time and have a lot of successful examples in the world. It is because LED light has better luminous efficiency to provide similar brightness with less power. In term of reliability, the lifespan of LED light is much higher than fluorescent light. However, the actual lifespan of LED is easily deteriorated by high temperature environment so provide a suitable environment for LED is very important to let LED light reach its theoretical lifespan. Artificial intelligence has been the hottest topic of technology industry in recent years. It has already applied in daily life such as speech recognition in Apple Siri and face recognition in security system. Consequently, the second aims of research project is using artificial intelligence technology to reduce the workload of frontline maintenance staff. The development of lightings inspection system based on ‘Convolutional Neural Network’ technology to analyst the image taken by camera to identify burnt out light tube inside the APM Tunnel.
A PC-kriging-HDMR Integrated with an Adaptive Sequential Sampling Strategy for High-Dimensional Approximate Modeling
Authors: Zhang Yili , Huang Hanyan , Xiong Mei , Yao Zengquan
Published: July 2023

High-dimensional complex multi-parameter problems are ubiquitous in engineering, as traditional surrogate models are limited to low/medium-dimensional problems (referred to p≤10 ). They are limited to the dimensional disaster that greatly reduce the modelling accuracy with the increase of design parameter space. Moreover, for the case of high nonlinearity, the coupling between design variables fail to be identified due to the lack of parameter decoupling mechanism. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of high-dimensional modeling and reduce the sample demand, this paper considered embedding the PC- Kriging surrogate model into the high-dimensional model representation framework of Cut- HDMR. Accordingly, a PC-Kriging-HDMR approximate modeling method based on the multi-stage adaptive sequential sampling strategy (including first-stage adaptive proportional sampling criterion and second stage central-based maximum entropy criterion) is proposed. This method makes full use of the high precision of PC-Kriging and optimizes the layout of test points to improve the modeling efficiency. Numerical tests and a cantilever beam practical application are showed that: (1) The performance of the traditional single-surrogate model represented by Kriging in high-dimensional nonlinear problems is obviously much worser than that of the combined- surrogate model under the framework of Cut-HMDR (mainly including Kriging-HDMR, PCE-HDMR, SVR-HDMR, MLS-HDMR and PC-Kriging- HDMR);(2)The number of samples for PC-Kriging-HDMR modeling increases polynomially rather than exponentially with the expansion of the parameter space, which greatly reduces the computational cost;(3)None of the existing Cut-HDMR can be superior to any in all aspects. Compared with PCEHDMR and Kriging-HDMR, PC-Kriging-HDMR has improved the modeling accuracy and efficiency within the expected improvement range, and also has strong robustness.
Development of a Prototype for Census and Enumeration: A Case Study of Namibia
Authors: Mukaya Theodora , Nelulu Johanna , Hashiyana V , M, Mazila Chris
Published: July 2023

The most difficult and extensive task a national statistical office performs is a population census, which involves mapping a nation's population, enlisting and training a sizable number of enumerators, running a wide-ranging publicity campaign, encouraging every household to participate, gathering personal data, compiling a sizable amount of completed questionnaires, and analyzing and disseminating the results. According to the report, the traditional tablet-based census method utilized by the Namibia Statistic Agency has a number of drawbacks, including data loss and a protracted procedure. The goal of the study was to create a web-based application to support the Namibia Statistic Agency's (NSA) present system. The study employed a qualitative research methodology, and participants' issues and points of view were elicited using a descriptive research design. The research's findings showed that the web-based application for the census will cut down on the amount of time needed for data entry collecting and that the budget for the census will fall since the web-based system will cost less overall. The report concludes by recommending the NSA to consider employing the web-based application for its subsequent populationcount in order to do away with and simplify the manual data collection process.
A Comparative Analysis of Data Mining Methods and Hierarchical Linear Modeling Using PISA 2018 Data
Authors: Weng Wenting , Luo Wen
Published: July 2023

Educational research often encounters clustered data sets, where observations are organized into multilevel units, consisting of lower-level units (individuals) nested within higher-level units (clusters). However, many studies in education utilize tree-based methods like Random Forest without considering the hierarchical structure of the data sets. Neglecting the clustered data structure can result in biased or inaccurate results. To address this issue, this study aimed to conduct a comprehensive survey of three tree- based data mining algorithms and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). The study utilized the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 data to compare different methods, including non-mixed- effects tree models (e.g., Random Forest) and mixed-effects tree models (e.g., random effects expectation minimization recursive partitioning method, mixed-effects Random Forest), as well as the HLM approach. Based on the findings of this study, mixed-effects Random Forest demonstrated the highest prediction accuracy, while the random effects expectation minimization recursive partitioning method had the lowest prediction accuracy. However, it is important to note that tree-based methods limit deep interpretation of the results. Therefore, further analysis is needed to gain a more comprehensive understanding. In comparison, the HLM approach retains its value in terms of interpretability. Overall, this study offers valuable insights for selecting and utilizing suitable methods when analyzing clustered educational datasets.
Research and Practice of a Blended Teaching Mode based on Small Private Online Courses
Authors: Li Yan , Lu Zhuoqun , Liu Heyun
Published: July 2023

The rate of education digitization is accelerating due to the ongoing development of information technologies. The demands of student learning cannot be fully met by the conventional classroom-teaching method. Due to the emergence of new teaching forms in the post-pandemic era, rapid development of IT applications, national education-informatization policies and deployment, and the plight of the traditional teaching mode, there is a need to explore new ideas and patterns of integrating information technologies and teaching approaches. This study elaborates on a blended teaching mode based on small private online courses (SPOC) on course goals, teaching contents, teaching methods, and evaluation approaches against the background of information technology by using the course of Heat Transfer as an example. The results demonstrate that this instructional strategy can enhance students' learning effect and comprehensive ability effectively. The rules of blended teaching were explored to guide teaching improvement.
Pip-MPU: Formal Verification of an MPU-Based Separationkernel for Constrained Devices
Authors: Dejon Nicolas , Gaber Chrystel , Grimaud Gilles
Published: July 2023

Pip-MPU is a minimalist separation kernel for constrained devices (scarce memory and power resources).In this work, we demonstrate high-assurance of Pip-MPU’s isolation property through formal verification.Pip-MPU offers user-defined on-demand multiple isolation levels guarded by the Memory Protection Unit (MPU).Pip-MPU derives from the Pip protokernel, with a full code refactoring to adapt to the constrained environment and targets equivalent security properties.The proofs verify that the memory blocks loaded in the MPU adhere to the global partition tree model.We provide the basis of the MPU formalisation and the demonstration of the formal verification strategy on two representative kernel services.The publicly released proofs have been implemented and checked using the Coq Proof Assistant for three kernel services, representing around 10000 lines of proof.To our knowledge, this is the first formal verification of an MPU-based separation kernel.The verification process helped discover a critical isolation-related bug.
Predicting the Evolution of Conflicts using Fuzzy Recurrent Games
Authors: S. Karasik Myron
Published: July 2023

Game Theory is premised on a modeling a conflictual interaction between two known parties where tactics are well-defined and payoffs can be easily measured, like a game of chess. This paper offers an extension of the Game Theory model incorporating ‘fuzzy variables’ representing possible situations and results, and also the discrete logistic curve to effectively capture the chaotic aspects of population dynamics impacting the decision- making in the composite societies (players). These are the typical actors in multiplayer political-economic games. This would reflect more closely the real-world behaviors and provide greater predictive accuracy. A trained AI-enhanced model, using regression data collected from previous, resolved games as well as previous ‘moves’ in the current game could prove helpful in predicting likely next ‘moves’ in the continuing game. This will allow us to model the evolution of strategies over the course of time in real conflicts and help mitigate exacerbation of extreme violence by simulating ways to reduce the driving force – the degree of deviationbetween what is acceptable and unacceptable to the players involved.
From Logo Programming to Fab Labs: The Legacy of Constructionist Learning in K−12 Education Technology
Authors: LaPrade Melvin , Lassiter Sherry
Published: July 2023

Mens et manus, the motto that is embedded in the MIT official seal, is a simple Latin phrase that translates to “mind and hand.” As a continuation of MIT’s pioneering education and research, Seymour Papert, a renowned educator and learning theorist, established the foundation of constructionism, which emphasizes hands-on/minds-on learning. This article explores the evolution of constructionism in K-12 educational technology from the Logo computer language to Scratch block-based programming and the introduction of Fab Labs, which represent the third-generation platform for constructionist teaching and learning. The use of Fab Labs in K-12 education aligns with the Mens et manus philosophy by providing students with opportunities to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world applications through hands-on experiences with digital fabrication technologies. The adoption of the proposed Fab Labs constructionist framework can help prepare students for the demands of a rapidly changing world and aligns with educational standards for science and mathematics.
Using ChatGPT to Generate Computer Science Problem Sets
Authors: Flaagan Tyler
Published: July 2023

The topic of this paper is the exploration of using ChatGPT as a tool to assist educators in creating innovative computer science problem sets for programming classes. The motivation for this research stems from the challenges educators face in continually developing engaging and relevant problem sets that stimulate students’ critical thinking and align with the evolving landscape of the computer science field. By harnessing the capabilities of ChatGPT, we aim to provide a solution that can alleviate the burden on educators and enable them to create dynamic, diverse, and effective learning experiences for their students.
Archetype or Stereotype: The Femme Fatale in Online Education
Authors: Feng Xiaohan , Murakami Makoto
Published: July 2023

Creative writing courses have flourished in recent years. However, the accuracy of the content of some courses has yet to be examined. Character archetypes are an unavoidable topic in most courses requiring character creation. We found that some online creative courses include characters whose character archetypes are debatable. For example, the Femme Fatale is often considered a character archetype, but some scholars believe it is a stereotype bias. While the use of character archetypes and stereotypes in creative work is a matter of personal freedom, it is inappropriate to educationally disseminate content that is still controversial in the academic community. This study explores the history and reasons for the generalization of the Femme Fatale, the differences between the Femme Fatale and other character archetypes, and derives three reasons why the Femme Fatale is inappropriate as a creative work. This study is intended to call attention to the rigor of the content of online creative writing courses.
Wireless Sensor Networks, Reactjs and Functional Programming for Monitoring of Wild Animals in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico
Authors: Lemus Miguel Angel Gallardo , Ramos Juan Carlos Rodriguez , Arcega Rodrigo Oliver Delgado
Published: July 2023

In the city of Puerto Vallarta, in Mexico, there are wild crocodiles living near to human settlements This work describes and gives the background of the problem, It is proposed to monitor the location of each crocodile. es proposed the use of functional programming, clojure/clojurescript and reagent to create reactjs app and seize the advantages of functional programming in Design of Graphical interfaces, also the design proposal of a network of wireless sensors for the monitoring of crocodiles is carried out. The use of a LORA network is proposed, a star topology with a single hub and a gateway node was chosen to send the data to a server. A NoSQL database service such as Firebase and data visualisation software using React Native are proposed. The data of interest for the project will only be the latitude and longitude provided by the GPS and that will be decoded through an mkr 1300 development card.
Overview of Smart Logistics and Blockchain Technologies
Authors: Alseqyani Abdulrahman , Almutairi Abdullah , Albogami Mohammed
Published: July 2023

Rapid advancements in information communication technologies have significantly affected supply chains and organizations at large. Organizations using smart logistics derive benefits from its values within a supply chain system, such as improving the performance, sustainability, and competitiveness of an organization or supply chain system, or unit. This paper proposes that the implementation of smart logistics is not enough for companies to derive any significant value from it. The paper proposes a three- tiered solution centered on the application of blockchain technologies, including leanness and agility, digitization, connectivity, network, culture, people, and implementation as crucial toward quality and value processes and outcomes in smart logistics.
Tribal Entrepreneurship, in Forested Hinterland of Jharkhand. A Solution for Lwe Region
Authors: Gupta H.S
Published: July 2023

The intent of this paper is to review the attempts made, the extent/mechanism of different models used for livelihood enhancement (NTFPs based) for the forest dependent tribal communities. This also identifies/highlights key strategies to be adopted, which makes the model “sustainable”. The model, adopted by JSFDC is highlighted for how it capitalized the natural strength of tribal, society; i.e. culture of community working, (which is part of “social capital”); “sincerity of purpose”, “availability of raw material in local area”; “marketing opportunity available in local area” etc. This model of entrepreneurship has the elements like “Natural solution” and “Circular economy”, which are being promoted under the “Modern Development Paradigm” also.
Testing Different Log Bases for Vector Model Weighting Technique
Authors: Assaf Kamel
Published: July 2023

Information retrieval systems retrieves relevant documents based on a query submitted by the user. The documents are initially indexed and the words in the documents are assigned weights using a weighting technique called TFIDF which is the product of Term Frequency (TF) and Inverse Document Frequency (IDF). TF represents the number of occurrences of a term in a document. IDF measures whether the term is common or rare across all documents. It is computed by dividing the total number of documents in the system by the number of documents containing the term and then computing the logarithm of the quotient. By default, we use base 10 to calculate the logarithm. In this paper, we are going to test this weighting technique by using a range of log bases from 0.1 to 100.0 to calculate the IDF. Testing different log bases for vector model weighting technique is to highlight the importance of understanding the performance of the system at different weighting values. We use the documents of MED, CRAN, NPL, LISA, and CISI test collections that scientists assembled explicitly for experiments in data information retrieval systems.
A Study on the Appropriate Size of the Mongolian General Corpus
Authors: Soo Choi Sun , Tsend Ganbat
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the appropriate size of the Mongolian general corpus. This study used the Heaps’ function and Type-Token Ratio (TTR) to determine the appropriate size of the Mongolian general corpus. This study’s sample corpus of 906,064 tokens comprised texts from 10 domains of newspaper politics, economy, society, culture, sports, world articles and laws, middle and high school literature textbooks, interview articles, and podcast transcripts. First, we estimated the Heaps’ function with this sample corpus. Next, we observed changes in the number of types and TTR values while increasing the number of tokens by one million using the estimated Heaps’ function. As a result of observation, we found that the TTR value hardly changed when the number of tokens exceeded 39~42 million. Thus, we conclude that an appropriate size for a Mongolian general corpus is 39-42 million tokens.
RBIPA: An Algorithm for Iterative Stemming of Tamil Language Texts
Authors: Indumathi V , SanthanaMegala S
Published: July 2023

Cyberbullying is currently one of the most important research fields. The majority of researchers have contributed to research on bully text identification in English texts or comments, due to the scarcity of data; analyzing Tamil textstemming is frequently a tedious job. Tamil is a morphologically diverse and agglutinative language. The creation of a Tamil stemmer is not an easy undertaking. After examining the major difficulties encountered, proposed the rule-based iterative preprocessing algorithm (RBIPA). In this attempt, Tamil morphemes and lemmas were extracted using the suffix stripping technique and a supervised machine learning algorithm for classify the word based for pronouns and proper nouns. The novelty of proposed system is developing a preprocessing algorithm for iterative stemming; lemmatize process to discovering exact words from the Tamil Language comments. RBIPA shows 84.96% of accuracy in the given Test Dataset which hasa total of 13000 words.
Spectral Estimate for Stable Signals with P-Adic Time and Optimal Selection of Smoothing Parameter
Authors: SABRE Rachid , HORRIGUE Walid
Published: July 2023

The spectral density of stable signals with p-adic times is already estimated under various conditions. The estimate is made by constructing a periodogram that is subsequently smoothed by a spectral window. It is clear that the convergence rate of this estimator depends on the bandwidth of the spectral window (called the smoothing parameter). This work gives a method to select the smoothing parameter in an optimal way, i.e. the estimator converges to the spectral density with the bestrate. The method is inspired by the cross-validation method, which consists in minimizing the estimate of the integrated square error.
Short-Term Dehydration Status Based on The Type of Drinking Water Consumed by Workers Exposed to High Temperatures
Authors: Haritsatama Satria , Nurullita Ulfa , Harahap Zoky Abadi
Published: July 2023

Background: The process of making tofu in the home industry has the risk of exposing high heat to the environment. This heat comes from the process of boiling soybeans in high temperatures and for a long time. The heat that exposes workers will encourage excessive sweating and cause dehydration. Dehydration is a condition experienced by the body when losing fluids. The body needs fluids containing electrolytes to replace electrolytes lost due to dehydration. For this reason, it is necessary to supplement drinking water to overcome dehydration by choosing drinks that have the potential to reduce dehydration, namely those that have high electrolytes, including mineral water and isotonic beverage. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the type of drinking water on dehydration status in tofu industry workers. Method: Quasi-experimental with time series design. the sampling technique, used a total of 40 workers using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The provision of mineral water and isotonic beverage were given on different days with a break of one day. Drinking water was given for 3.5 hours of work, with an intensity of 200 ml every 30 minutes. Measurement of dehydration status using urine color standards and subjective complaints of dehydration. Measurement of dehydration status was performed after administration of the intervention. Data analysis used the Friedman test. Results: Dehydration status on pre-treatment, 100% of workers were dehydrated, after giving mineral water as many as 97.2% of workers were dehydrated while after giving isotonic beverage as much as 85.8% were dehydrated. The Friedman test showed a value of p = 0.001. Conclusion: There is a significant effect of the type of water on dehydration status.
Teaching English to Young Learners: Evidence from Kampus Mengajar Practice
Authors: Labaika Malkhah Tyas , Purwanto Sugeng
Published: July 2023

In 2020, Nadiem Makarim (Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of Indonesia) launched the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program for the scope of higher education by giving students the right to take courses outside the study program for one (1) semester and do activities outside the university for two (2) semesters This study is significant can provide insight into learning strategies that can be used to teach early childhood and provide views on information and references in the field of basic education regarding materials suitable for use in learning elementary school children. This research used a qualitative descriptive, moving on a simple qualitative approach to get a result. The research objective is descriptive of the topic posed and studied. The research results obtained are later translated and described in clear explanations so that the results obtained can be clearly explained. The data collection was conducted by observation, data checklist, and interview. The result of this study is improved students' grades and understanding of English after using the new learning method, singing, flashcard, Questions and Answer, and Quizzes.
Strategi Pemasaran Jasa Pendidikan Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Baqiyatush Shalihat dalam Meningkatkan Animo Masyarakat di Kuala Tungkal
Authors: Saputro Musonip , Samsu  , Rianty Ida
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan Penelitian ini membahas mengenai strategi pemasaran jasa pendidikan yang ada di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Baqiyatush Shalihat. Tujuan dari tesis ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengenai strategi pemasaran yang digunakan oleh Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Baqiyatush Shalihat. Penelitian ini di muat dalam bentuk deskriptif kualitatif, yang menggunakan observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi dalam pengumpulan datanya. Berdasarkan temuan penulis, dalam melakukan pemasarannya, Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Baqiyatush Shalihat menggunakan strategi meliputi unsur 5 P yaitu produk (product), yaitu dari segi Tahfidz, Kedisiplianan, Adab budi pekerti dan Program salafi , harga (price), yaitu dengan harga yang masih standard rata-rata di pasaran, lokasi (place), Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Baqiyatush Shalihat sendiri memiliki lokasi yang strategis, orang (people), memiliki sumber daya manusia (guru, dan staf) yang berkompeten di bidangnya masing-masing, serta promosi (promotion), yaitu dilakukan dengan menggunakan penyebaran brosur, kalender, dan pamflet. Faktor pendukung dalam melakukan pemasarannya yaitu berupa promosi yang dilakukan dari mulut ke mulut oleh para orang tua beserta kepala madrasah diangkat menjadi bupati Tanjung Jabung Barat. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah sarana – prasarana yang didalamnya terdapat kekurangan beserta masih adanya siswa yang terpaksa untuk sekolah sehingga tidak sampai selesai. Keberhasilan strategi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Baqiyatush Shalihat dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya pendaftran setiap tahun terhadap animo masyarakat di madrasah tersebut.
Strategi Pendidikan Akhlak pada Abad 21 dalam Perspektif Filsafat al-Ghazali
Authors: Muhlasin Yafie Al , Salik Mohamad
Published: July 2023

Perkembangan peradaban pada abad 21 menuntut manusia untuk berperilaku serba instan. Perilaku itu dapat membawa ke arah kejahatan jika tidak dibentengi dengan pemupukan akhlak yang kuat pada saat mengenyam pendidikan di lembaga pendidikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi pendidikan akhlak yang sesuai untuk diajarkan pada lembaga pendidikan, baik formal, in-formal, maupun non-formal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan kitab Ihya â€˜Ulumuddin sebagai sumber primernya. Pendidikan akhlak abad 21 yang diterapkan di lembaga pendidikan berbeda dengan abad sebelumnya. Pendidikan akhlak pada abad 21 lebih menekankan pada aspek penguatan jiwa dan akal anak didik. Menurut Imam al-Ghazali, setidaknya ada empat kriteria yang harus kuat dan dimiliki anak didik setelah selesai dari sekolahnya, yaitu kekuatan ilmu (pengalaman akal), dan kekuatan emosi, nafsu, adil (pengalaman jiwa). Menurutnya, sekolah harus membuat budaya-budaya baru dalam rangka memberikan penguatan akal dan jiwa anak didik. Seperti menambahkan berbagai macam ibadah disela-sela waktu pembelajaran anak didik dan memberikan sanksi dan reward kepada anak didik terhadap apa yang dilakukannya. Selain sekolah, orang tua juga berperan dalam pembentukan akhlak anak. Tuntutan berbakti kepada orang tua dapat mempengaruhi kekuatan jiwa anak didik, karena membiasakannya untuk melakukan hal-hal yang cenderung tidak disukai anak didik.
Tantangan Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Membina Karekter Siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi
Authors: Rrodhiyah
Published: July 2023

Berdasarkan hasil studi awal yang penulis lakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi maka terdapat beberapa permasalahan yang terjadi . Seperti: Sebagian siswa menunjukkan rendahnya karakter, hal ini ditandai dengan 1) Maraknya tawuran antar pelajar. 2) Kecendrungan sebagian siswa merokok pada jam istirahat. 3. Sebagian siswa terlambat datang kesekolah. 4) Rendahnya penghormatan terhadap guru hal ini ditandai ketika siswa bertemu dengan seorang guru tidak ada tegur sapa dari diri siswa tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Tahap teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data, sedangkan pengecekan keterpercayaan data dilakukan dengan perpanjangan keikutsertaan, ketelitian pengamatan, triangulasi, dan melakukan konsultasi ke pembimbing. Penelitian ini menghasilkan tiga kesimpulan yaitu: 1) Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya karakter siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi yaitu faktor lingkungan, dan faktor keluarga, yang mana keluarga adalah faktor yang membantu terbentuknya karakter seorang anak. 2) Kendala guru Pendidikan Agama  Islam dalam membina karakter siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi adalah kurangnya dasar agama yang dimiliki siswa, sehingga siswa terkadang berbuat ataupun berprilaku semaunya, karena menurut mereka berprilaku dan bertindak semaunya sudah menjadi kebiasaan. kurangnya kerja sama sekolah dengan orang tua siswa, lingkungan bermain siswa di luar jam sekolah  dan pengaruh negatif berbagai media yang merusak. 3) Upaya guru Pendidikan Agama  Islam dalam membina karakter siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi melalui prilaku dan ucapan seperti keteladanan pendekatan, teguran dan bimbingan pembiasaan nasehat dan hukuman. Sementara itu upaya juga dilakukan melalui kegiatan keagamaan seperti kegiatan Peringatan Hari Besar Islam, pesantren Kilat pada Bulan Ramadan, Kultum dan yasinan rutin di sekolah pada hari Jumâ€™at, perlombaan-perlombaan keagamaan dan sebagainya. Upaya yang dilakukan ini sedikit banyaknya telah dapat mengatasi kendala Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam membina akhlak siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Blanded Learning di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir
Authors: Masriani Masriani , Liana Dina , Devianti Rika , Munawaroh Faridatul
Published: July 2023

Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi serta kendala yang terjadi pada saat pelaksanaan bleanded learning di MIN Indragiri Hilir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil  penelitian  dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi bleanded learning telah terlaksana dengan baik, namun terdapat beberapa kendala seperti sulit dalam menyampaikan materi dikarnakan terkendala oleh media pembelajaran, selanjutnya kendala terdapat pula pada guru yang mengalami kesulitan dalam menilai secara objektif.
Peaceful Islam Persuasive Dialogue on The Family of Terrorists in the Middle of the Radical Islamic Movement
Authors: Rohman Abdul , Ambo' Dalle Abd. Rahman
Published: July 2023

Efforts to deradicalize and counter radicalism based on terrorism have tended only to use an aggressive approach, even though a persuasive dialogical approach is far more significant than using a destructive path. At this point, the study in this article aims to identify in-depth the concepts and techniques offered by NU and Muhammadiyah to families exposed to radicalism. In addition, the analysis in this article also aims to analyze in-depth the strategies carried out by NU and Muhammadiyah based on radicalism in the Lamongan district. The research method used in this article is a descriptive qualitative approach using data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The study results in this article show that, First, NU and Muhammadiyah, in their efforts to prevent radicalism, also apply several approaches, such as persuasive preventive measures mediated by formal educational institutions. Through these institutions, the roles of the two mass organizations intersubjectively convey the impact of the dangers of radicalism in the nation and state. In addition to formal efforts, non-formal and informal approaches are also carried out in preventive actions against the understanding and behavior of radicalism in religion. For example, in the activities of the dhikr assembly, religious lectures, and political activities. Furthermore, in this context, NU and Muhammadiyah, as the largest community organizations in Indonesia, have always been at the forefront of prominent patrons in conveying and warning about the dangers of radicalism, either in the form of brainwashing or in the form of materially beneficial offers. Second, NU and Muhammadiyah, as the largest mass organizations in Indonesia and Lamongan, must be recognized as playing a significant role in deradicalization and counter deradicalism, both of which synergize and join hands in knitting the realization of the theology of rahmatan lil 'alamiin in the terrorism base of Lamongan district. The strategy adopted by NU and Muhammadiyah is a persuasive dialogue with the families of former terrorists who isolate themselves more from the surrounding community. This approach is considered successful in neutralizing the ideologies of radicalism in Lamongan. The Fatayat NU and Nasyiatul Aisyiah institutions are deemed to have played a significant role in realizing this persuasive dialogue with mothers and women from terrorist families.