bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The concept of a unified method of fire training of employees of internal affairs bodies
Authors: Vorozhtsov Aleksandr Mikhailovich , Zhukov Viktor Mikhailovich
Published: September 2023

The analysis of the normative and methodological literature for the internal affairs bodies of the CIS countries made it possible to identify a number of common features and differences in the methods of teaching fire training to employees. The revealed differences, among other things, are related to their regional characteristics, in which the use of weapons takes place and cultural differences that take place among different peoples. The revealed similarities were collected into a common list to create a unified methodology for training employees of the internal affairs bodies of our countries to use weapons. Based on them, we made an attempt to draw up a unified method of fire training. The proposed training methodology will make it possible to create an identical approach to the formation of skills and abilities of employees of internal affairs bodies (OVD) on the territory of the Commonwealth. The resulting data, which we have brought together, reflect the current issues of the use of weapons in various situations. This made it possible to systematize them in order to create a unified methodology for fire training of police officers. The concept of a modern methodology for teaching fire training should guarantee the defeat of the target and the preservation of the life of an ATS officer in any conditions of fire contact. Normative consolidation of the received training methodology will contribute to the growth of fire skills and the growth of professionalism of employees.
Non-adiabatic dynamic study of S vacancy formation in MoS2
Authors: Wang Yue , Ma Jie ,   Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Published: September 2023

Defect is one of the central issues in semiconductors. MoS2 is sensitive to irradiation and can be damaged by electron beams, accompanied with the generation of sulfur vacancies. However, the dynamics for the defect generation process is still unclear. In this work, we employ the time-dependent density functional theory to simulate the process of a sulfur atom sputtering from the MoS2, producing a sulfur vacancy defect in the lattice. We find that there exists a strong non-adiabatic effect in the process.

During the formation of the sulfur vacancy, there exist electron transitions which can be described by the Landau-Zener model. As the sulfur atom leaves away from the lattice, two energy levels from the valence bands rise up and one energy level from the conduction band falls down. When the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is not considered, those levels do not couple with each other. However, when the SOC is taken into account, electrons can transit between those levels. The transition probability is related to the kinetic energy of the sputtered sulfur atom. As the kinetic energy of the sulfur atom increases, the non-adiabatic electron transitions are enhanced. The evolution of the energy levels is also strongly dependent on the kinetic energy of the sputtered sulfur atom, which is induced by the non-adiabatic electron transition. It is worth noting that the SOC plays a key role in sputtering sulfur atoms, although the system produces no magnetic moments in the whole process.

The non-adiabatic effect enhances the energy barrier of the sulfur sputtering. As the initial kinetic energy of the sputtered sulfur atom increases, the energy barrier increases, and exhibits a jump around the initial kinetic energy of ~22 eV, which can be explained by the non-adiabatic electron occupation and the Coulomb repulsion. Beside the energy barrier, the non-adiabatic effect also modifies the charge distribution. When the kinetic energy of the sputtered sulfur atom is relatively low, more electrons occupy the pz level; when the kinetic energy is relatively high, more electrons occupy the pxy level instead. The sputtered sulfur atom always carries a bit more electrons, leaving holes around the vacancy defect.

Our work reveals the dynamics of the sulfur sputtering and vacancy formation in MoS2, particularly the non-adiabatic effect in the process. It builds the theoretical foundation for defect engineering.
Laser ranging system based on double intensity modulation
Authors: Wang Ju , Shao Qi , Yu Jin-Long , He Ke-Rui , Luo Hao , Ma Chuang , Cai Zi-Heng , Zheng Zi-Yue , Cai Ben ,   School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Published: September 2023

Long-range, high-precision, and high-refresh rate absolute distance measurement based on double intensity modulation is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this scheme, a Mach-Zehnder modulator is utilized to perform bidirectional modulation by a reversible optical path. In the Mach-Zehnder modulator, interference demodulation is completed by bidirectional modulated light with time difference. By adjusting the driving frequency of the modulator, the curve of light intensity versus driving frequency is achieved. Consequently, the distance to be measured can be obtained by extracted the frequency interval between two adjacent light intensity minimum points. In the traditional double polarization modulation ranging, the optical carrier is polarized by a polarizing beam splitter (PBS) before phase modulator. Moreover, a quarter wave or Faraday rotating mirror need to be placed to adjust the polarization in front of the target object. Therefore, the polarization state is an indispensable factor in the traditional double polarization modulation ranging. Due to the advantage of the intensity modulation, absolute distance measurement is achieved without additional polarization control, greatly simplifying the system. Theoretical analysis of the system is developed, which is then demonstrated by experiments. In the experiments, we achieved the following results. Firstly, the relationship between the intensity of the output light of the system and the modulation frequency is theoretically analyzed, which proved to be a cosine form. Secondly, swing method is introduced to realize high-speed absolute distance measurement during the analytical distance algorithm, and we achieved a refresh rate of 2 kHz in the experiments. Thirdly, the relationship between measurement ranging precision and frequency stability is analyzed. When the modulation frequency is 8.9 GHz, the experimentally measured frequency stability is on the order of 10–7. And when the distance to be measured is 2.73 m, the standard deviation of ranging reaches 1 μm, which represents the precision of the system. That is, the relative measurement precision is also on the order of 10–7, which is consistent with theoretical analysis. Finally, when the distance to be measured increases from 1.57 m to 100.83 m, the measurement precision increases from 1 μm to 30 μm. It is worth mentioning that the relative measurement precision of the system is always stable in the order of 10–7. Our scheme has some significant advantages, such as long-range, high-precision, high-refresh rate, and a simple and compact configuration. Moreover, our method can be used in important applications such as precision instruments, metrology, and aerospace.
Structural characterization of human RPA70N association with DNA damage response proteins
Authors: Wu Yeyao , Fu Wangmi , Zang Ning , Zhou Chun
Published: September 2023

The heterotrimeric Replication protein A (RPA) is the ubiquitous eukaryotic single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein and participates in nearly all aspects of DNA metabolism, especially DNA damage response. The N-terminal OB domain of the RPA70 subunit (RPA70N) is a major protein-protein interaction element for RPA and binds to more than 20 partner proteins. Previous crystallography studies of RPA70N with p53, DNA2 and PrimPol fragments revealed that RPA70N binds to amphipathic peptides that mimic ssDNA. NMR chemical-shift studies also provided valuable information on the interaction of RPA70N residues with target sequences. However, it is still unclear how RPA70N recognizes and distinguishes such a diverse group of target proteins. Here, we present high-resolution crystal structures of RPA70N in complex with peptides from eight DNA damage response proteins. The structures show that, in addition to the ssDNA mimicry mode of interaction, RPA70N employs multiple ways to bind its partners. Our results advance the mechanistic understanding of RPA70N-mediated recruitment of DNA damage response proteins.
Evidence for adolescent length growth spurts in bonobos and other primates highlights the importance of scaling laws
Authors: Berghaenel Andreas , Stevens Jeroen MG , Hohmann Gottfried , Deschner Tobias , Behringer Verena
Published: September 2023

Adolescent growth spurts (GSs) in body length seem to be absent in non-human primates and are considered a distinct human trait. However, this distinction between present and absent length-GSs may reflect a mathematical artefact that makes it arbitrary. We first outline how scaling issues and inappropriate comparisons between length (linear) and weight (volume) growth rates result in misleading interpretations like the absence of length-GSs in non-human primates despite pronounced weight-GSs, or temporal delays between length- and weight-GSs. We then apply a scale-corrected approach to a comprehensive dataset on 258 zoo-housed bonobos that includes weight and length growth as well as several physiological markers related to growth and adolescence. We found pronounced GSs in body weight and length in both sexes. Weight and length growth trajectories corresponded with each other and with patterns of testosterone and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 levels, resembling adolescent GSs in humans. We further re-interpreted published data of non-human primates, which showed that aligned GSs in weight and length exist not only in bonobos. Altogether, our results emphasize the importance of considering scaling laws when interpreting growth curves in general, and further show that pronounced, human-like adolescent length-GSs exist in bonobos and probably also many other non-human primates.
Identification of ERAD-dependent degrons for the endoplasmic reticulum lumen
Authors: Sharninghausen Rachel , Hwang Jiwon , Dennison Devon D , Baldridge Ryan D
Published: September 2023

Degrons are minimal protein features that are sufficient to target proteins for degradation. In most cases, degrons allow recognition by components of the cytosolic ubiquitin proteasome system. Currently, all of the identified degrons only function within the cytosol. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we identified the first short linear sequences that function as degrons from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen. We show that when these degrons are transferred to proteins, they facilitate proteasomal degradation through the endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD) system. These degrons enable degradation of both luminal and integral membrane ER proteins, expanding the types of proteins that can be targeted for degradation in budding yeast and mammalian tissue culture. This discovery provides a framework to target proteins for degradation from the previously unreachable ER lumen and builds toward therapeutic approaches that exploit the highly conserved ERAD system.
The positioning mechanics of microtubule asters in Drosophila embryo explants
Authors: de-Carvalho Jorge , Tlili Sham , Saunders Timothy E , Telley Ivo A
Published: September 2023

Microtubule asters are essential in localizing the action of microtubules in processes including mitosis and organelle positioning. In large cells, such as the one-cell sea urchin embryo, aster dynamics are dominated by hydrodynamic pulling forces. However, in systems with more densely positioned nuclei such as the early Drosophila embryo, which packs around 6000 nuclei within the syncytium in a crystalline-like order, it is unclear what processes dominate aster dynamics. Here, we take advantage of a cell cycle regulation Drosophila mutant to generate embryos with multiple asters, independent from nuclei. We use an ex vivo assay to further simplify this biological system to explore the forces generated by and between asters. Through live imaging, drug and optical perturbations, and theoretical modeling, we demonstrate that these asters likely generate an effective pushing force over short distances.
Automated multiconformer model building for X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM
Authors: Wankowicz Stephanie A , Ravikumar Ashraya , Sharma Shivani , Riley Blake , Raju Akshay , Hogan Daniel W , Flowers Jessica , van den Bedem Henry , Keedy Daniel A , Fraser James S
Published: September 2023

In their folded state, biomolecules exchange between multiple conformational states that are crucial for their function. Traditional structural biology methods, such as X-ray crystallography and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), produce density maps that are ensemble averages, reflecting molecules in various conformations. Yet, most models derived from these maps explicitly represent only a single conformation, overlooking the complexity of biomolecular structures. To accurately reflect the diversity of biomolecular forms, there is a pressing need to shift toward modeling structural ensembles that mirror the experimental data. However, the challenge of distinguishing signal from noise complicates manual efforts to create these models. In response, we introduce the latest enhancements to qFit, an automated computational strategy designed to incorporate protein conformational heterogeneity into models built into density maps. These algorithmic improvements in qFit are substantiated by superior Rfree and geometry metrics across a wide range of proteins. Importantly, unlike more complex multicopy ensemble models, the multiconformer models produced by qFit can be manually modified in most major model building software (e.g., Coot) and fit can be further improved by refinement using standard pipelines (e.g., Phenix, Refmac, Buster). By reducing the barrier of creating multiconformer models, qFit can foster the development of new hypotheses about the relationship between macromolecular conformational dynamics and function.
D-DI/PLT can be a prognostic indicator for sepsis
Authors: Zhao Xiaojun , Wu Xiuhua , Si Yi , Xie Jiangang , Wang Linxiao , Liu Shanshou , Duan Chujun , Wang Qianmei , Wu Dan , Wang Yifan , Chen Jijun , Yang Jing , Hu Shanbo , Yin Wen , Li Junjie
Published: September 2023

Aims

To investigate the indicators affecting the early outcome of patients with sepsis and to explore its prognostic efficacy for sepsis.

Methods

We collected clinical data from 201 patients with sepsis admitted to the emergency department of Xijing Hospital between June 2019 and June 2022. The patients were categorized into groups (survival or fatality) based on their 28-day prognosis. The clinical characteristics, biochemical indexes, organ function-related indicators, and disease scores of the patients were analyzed for both groups. Risk factor analysis was conducted for the indicators with significant differences.

Results

Among the indicators with significant differences between the deceased and survival groups, D-dimer (D-DI), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, platelet (PLT), international normalized ratio (INR), and D-DI/PLT were identified as independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of sepsis patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that D-DI/PLT (area under the curve (AUC) = 93.9), D-DI (AUC = 89.6), PLT (AUC = 81.3), and SOFA (AUC = 78.4) had good judgment efficacy. Further, Kaplan Meier (K-M) survival analysis indicated that the 28-day survival rates of sepsis patients were significantly decreased when they had high levels of D-DI/PLT, D-DI, and SOFA as well as low PLTs. The hazard ratio (HR) of D-DI/PLT between the two groups was the largest (HR = 16.19).

Conclusions

D-DI/PLT may be an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in sepsis as well as a clinical predictor of patient prognosis.
Relationship between vertical facial morphology and dental arch measurements in class II malocclusion: a retrospective study
Authors: Ocak Irmak , Karsli Nurver , Altug Ayse Tuba , Aksu Muge
Published: September 2023

Background

To evaluate the relationship between dental arch measurements and the vertical facial pattern determined in skeletal Class II untreated patients.

Methods

Lateral cephalograms and plaster models were obtained from 124 untreated female adults (average age: 17.6 ± 3.8 years). Class I (CI), Class II Division 1 (CII/1) and Class II Division 2 (CII/2) malocclusions were divided into three subgroups according to their vertical morphology as hypodivergent, normodivergent and hyperdivergent. The multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) method was used in the comparison of measurement values according to vertical and sagittal morphology. The relationship between both A point-Nasion-B point (ANB) and Frankfurt-mandibular plane (FMA) angles and dental arch measurements was examined by Pearson correlation analysis. The significance level was received asp< 0.05.

Results

While vertical morphology has a statistically significant effect on mandibular arch length, sagittal morphology affects maxillary arch depth. The parameters influenced by both morphologies are maxillary and mandibular arch length, as well as maxillary intermolar width. The mandibular arch length was significantly shorter in hyperdivergent-CII-2 malocclusion (50.5 ± 7.4 mm). Larger values were obtained in both mandibular arch length and maxillary arch depth measurements in CII-1 malocclusion compared to CII-2 malocclusion. The maxillary intermolar width was significantly shorter in hypodivergent-CII-1 malocclusion (46.8 ± 3.4 mm), while it was higher in hypodivergent-CI malocclusion (51.1 ± 3.4 mm). The maxillary arch length was the lowest in hyperdivergent-CI malocclusion (63.1 ± 13.3 mm) and the highest in hypodivergent-CI malocclusion (72.8 ± 7.6 mm). Additionally, a positive but weak correlation was found between ANB and FMA angles.

Conclusion

Dental arch measurements have been found to be affected by both vertical facial morphology and skeletal sagittal relationship. A positive correlation was found between ANB and FMA angles.
iglesia en la ciudad y la transformación de manzanas con edificios religiosos en monumentos, patrimonio urbano y bienes culturales de la nación (1831-1939)
Authors: Rosas Vera José , Pérez Villalón Elvira , Silva Pedraza Carlos
Published: September 2023

No presenta resumen.
Spatial variability of soil organic carbon fractions in areas under cultivation of Amazonian species in the southern region of Amazonas state, Brazil
Authors: Silva Praça José Igor Silva Praça Igor , Firmino Enck Bruna , Costa Campos Milton Cesar , Gervasio Pereira Marcos , Gomes Souza Fernando , Campos Mantovanelli Bruno , Gomes Brito Filho Elilson , Santos Silva Laercio , Cunha Jose Mauricio
Published: September 2023

Soil organic carbon (OC) is heterogeneous and sensitive to agricultural management, so knowledge of its spatial variability can improve the monitoring of areas under anthropogenic influence, as OC can serve as a sensitive indicator of changes in the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil OC fractions in areas of cultivation with Amazonian species in the southern region of Amazonas state. A total of 256 georeferenced data points were collected in the 0.0–0.05 m and 0.05–0.10 m layers in the following agricultural systems: areas with cultivation of Guaraná, Annatto, Cupuaçu and forest. The OC contents were analyzed, and the chemical fractionation of soil organic matter was performed. The analytical results were evaluated through descriptive statistical analysis, and the spatial pattern was evaluated through geostatistical analysis. The conversion of natural ecosystems to agricultural systems affected the rates of addition and decomposition of soil organic matter. Changes in soil organic carbon stocks (SOC stock) due to the uses of different agricultural systems were determined by evaluating the free light fraction of soil organic matter. For the chemical fractions of organic matter, there was a predominance of the humin fraction (C-HU) in relation to the fractions of humic acid (C-FAH), fulvic acid (C-FAF) and OC associated with minerals (COAM) in the different land uses and soil layers analyzed. The geostatistical procedures proved to be important in determining the degree of carbon dependence and its fractionation in the context of spatial variability, and this information is useful in soil quality monitoring.
Behavioral responses of vicuñas to human activities at priority feeding sites associated with roads in the highland desert of northern Chile
Authors:   Laboratorio de Manejo y Conservación de Vida Silvestre, Instituto de Ciencia Animal y Programa de Investigación Aplicada en Fauna Silvestre, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile., Fuentes-Allende Nicolás , Quilodrán Claudio S. ,   Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, Geneva 1205, Switzerland., Jofré Andrés ,   Fundación Sudamérica Diversa, Pichidollinco, Panguipulli, 5210205, Chile., González Benito A. ,   Laboratorio de Ecología de Vida Silvestre, Facultad Ciencias Forestales y de la Conservación de la Naturaleza, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago
Published: September 2023

Human activities associated with roads are frequently perceived to be negative for ungulates in arid environments because they may affect the use of feeding areas. Here, we focused on the behavior of vicuña (Vicugna vicugna), which feeds in four different, high-altitude wetlands affected by human activities (tourism, ranching, poaching and undisturbed). The results showed that vicuñas were more abundant and had higher feeding rates and lower flight distances in wetlands with tourism than in the other wetlands, suggesting that they have become desensitized to the presence of people at these sites. Management Implication: Noninvasive tourism could help safeguard wild ungulates
Introdução da análise da corrente crítica como um novo processo de gerenciamento de tempo aderente ao guia PMBOK®
Authors: Oliveira Antonio Carlos de Lemos , Lustosa Felipe Cabral , Quintana Priscila Madruga , Corrêa Leandro de Andrade
Published: September 2023

Nos últimos anos, a Análise da Corrente Crítica de Goldratt vem ganhando mais importância a cada nova edição do guia PMBOK®. Porém, essa técnica ainda é tratada apenas como uma das várias ferramentas disponíveis dentro do processo de Desenvolvimento do Cronograma. Com o objetivo de facilitar e ampliar o uso dessa técnica, o presente estudo propõe a criação de um novo processo, chamado Análise da Corrente Crítica, para ser adicionado à área de conhecimento do Gerenciamento do Tempo do Projeto. Pretende-se dessa forma, oferecer as ferramentas de análise da Corrente Crítica sob um formato compatível com o guia e de fácil aplicação para os gestores de projetos já familiarizados com a terminologia do PMI. Para o desenvolvimento desse estudo, foi adotada a pesquisa bibliográfica para a análise dos benefícios da utilização da Corrente Crítica na gestão do prazo e na adaptação das ferramentas da análise da Corrente Crítica para torná-las aderentes aos processos do PMBOK®.
Towards a Sustainable Land Taxation Reform in Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: S. C. Nwanekezi, , O. A. Odenigbo, , M. O. Ugwu,
Published: September 2023

Land taxation reform must be focused on suitable valuation, enhancing revenue, base coverage, collecting and providing adequate services to the taxpayers. States in Nigeria must combine the right mix of strategic reform coupled with policy and administrative interaction that ensures the expected outcome from the taxation reform. On this ground, this paper reviewed the land taxation reform in Imo State and its sustainability. The review noted that the lack of effective administration of land taxation has made tax reform unsustainable in many Nigerian States, including Imo. As stated, Imo state does not have any platform, which results in issues of identifying and assessing properties; these problems are worsened by inadequate enforcement of tax collection systems. Although land taxation is administrative-intensive; however, technological advancement, awareness of the benefit of effective reform, and improved fiscal and social methods can ensure sustainable land taxation reform.
Buys-Ballot Estimates for Overall Sample Variances and Their Statistical Properties: A Mixed Model Case
Authors: Dozie Kelechukwu C. N.
Published: September 2023

This article proposes an estimation procedure of overall sample variances for the mixed model while comparing them with those of the additive and multiplicative models. The estimation procedure is based on the row, column and overall means and variances of time series data arranged in a Buys-Ballot table. The procedure assumes that (1) the underlying distribution of the variable, X  i j ,  i = 1, 2, ..., m , j = 1, 2, ..., s , under study is normal. (2) the trending curve is either linear or quadratic and (3) the decomposition method is either multiplicative or mixed. Statistical properties of the overall sample variances of the Buys-Ballot table are also considered in this study. Result indicates that, under the stated assumptions, the expected value of the overall sample variances involve sum of square and cross-product of trend parameters and seasonal indices.
A Case Report on Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis
Authors: Bahous E. , Ahmed S. Ait , Ayad A. , Saghir S. , Sellouti M. , Abilkassim R. , Agadr A.
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis is a rare cause of neonatal respiratory distress.

Observation: A female neonate was born by cesarean section at 39 SA for hydramnios, triple scarred uterus and macrosomia. He was macrosomic and had no facial dysmorphia, he presented at H1 of life with respiratory distress and noisy mouth breathing. He cyanosed with each feeding attempt. On facial CT, the choanae were patent with a median central incisor and piriformis orifice stenosis. Nasal breathing gradually normalized. The hospitalization lasted 8 days with a good evolution.

Discussion: Congenital piriformis stenosis is a rare cause of congenital nasal obstruction. The association with median incisor syndrome is not exceptional. Diagnosis must be made early for proper management. Cyanosis and false airway can be life threatening. Associated abnormalities should be investigated by CT and MRI. Treatment is variable and may be surgical if the stenosis is severe. The prognosis is good in the absence of severe malformations or associated mental retardation.

Conclusion: In case of neonatal respiratory distress, the Congenital pyriformis stenosis must be among the causes, a rapid diagnostic assessment and management are necessary.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Fingerprinting of Sugarcane Varieties Using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers
Authors: Hasan Mustafa Kamrul , Khan Nazmul Alam , Ghose Asish Kumar , Mukta Sultana Parvin , Hossain Md. Amzad , Sen Arpita , Akter Most Mahmuda
Published: September 2023

Simple sequence repeat (SSR) fingerprinting was chosen because of its high polymorphism, which enables precise analysis of genetic diversity, for the assessment of genetic variety among several sugarcane varieties. This method focuses on certain areas of the sugarcane genome and offers important insights into the distinctive genetic patterns and relationships between the many sugarcane types under study. To increase sugarcane production and resilience, crop development plans, breeding programmes, and conservation activities must be guided by the data obtained by SSR fingerprinting. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and fingerprinting of eight sugarcane varieties (Isd 16, Isd 20, Isd 21, Isd 24, Isd 28, Isd 29, Isd 30, and Isd 31) using four SSR primers. A simple and efficient method for DNA isolation was employed, and the primers successfully amplified a total of 59 bands from the eight varieties. The results showed that the marker SMC687CS exhibited the highest number of alleles and genotypes per locus, followed by SMC336BS and SMC334BS, while SMC119CG showed the lowest. The highest PIC value was obtained from the marker SMC687CS, indicating its high level of polymorphism. The four SSR markers were able to distinguish 56.25% of all the cultivars evaluated, with the highest linkage distance recorded between the varieties Isd 24 and Isd 28. This study identified and classified the eight sugarcane varieties, indicating genetic differences among them that coincide with their field performances.
Study on Chemical Constituents of Styrax dasyanthus Perk
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Qiang , Zhong Hai-Rong , Jiang Hong-Bo , Xiang Hai-Yan
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the chemical components present in the ethyl acetate extract of Styrax dasyanthus leaves.
Methods: Chemical components were isolated and purified using organic solvent decolorization, extraction, preparation of the liquid phase, silica gel column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The structure identification of the isolated compounds was based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data and carbon spectrum matching analysis.
Results: A total of six compounds were isolated from Styrax dasyanthus, which were identified as (-)-secoisolarciresinol (1), dibutylphthalate (2), dihydromyricetin (3), kaempferol-3-O-\(\beta\)-D-glucopyranoside (4), kaempferol-3-rutinoside (3,4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone-3-rutinoside) (5), and (-)-secoisolariciresinol-4-O-\(\beta\)-D-glucopyranoside (6).
Conclusion: This study represents the first isolation of these six compounds from Styrax dasyanthus.
The Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Persian Indigenous Herbs as an Alternatives for Nitrate and Nitrite in the Preservation of Meat and Meat Products: An Overview
Authors: Daneshniya Milad , Maleki Mohammad Hossein , Daneshniya Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2023

The consumption of animal products, including meat and meat products, has increased globally with increased household income. Spoilage by microbes, autolytic enzymes, and lipid oxidation can cause the deterioration of meat and meat products, which has a considerable economic and environmental impact. Meat curing, which includes the addition of salt, nitrite, and sometimes nitrate to fresh meat cuts, enables a preservative effect by removing moisture and reducing the water activity of the meat. Nitrates and nitrites have been traditionally used as curing agents in the production of cured meat products. Sodium and potassium nitrates and sodium and potassium nitrites are used in meat curing because they stabilize red meat color, inhibit some spoilage and food poisoning anaerobic microorganisms, delay the development of oxidative rancidity, and contribute to flavor development. The beneficial effects of adding nitrates and nitrites to meat products are the improvement of quality characteristics and microbiological safety. However, several studies have indicated that nitrates and nitrites intake should be limited owing to their potential carcinogenic effect on humans. Therefore, the consumer demand for natural or nitrate- and nitrite-free meat products remains high. There is a need to find alternative natural plant material that provides alternative antioxidant and antimicrobial activities since they are noncarcinogenic and reliable; they can substitute or reduce nitrates and nitrites with minimal or no quality compromise of sensory attributes and shelf-life. Hence in this overview, we focused on Persian indigenous herbs, their essential oil and extracts' chemical composition, and their relation to their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity to find out how the essential oils and extracts of the herbs can be applied to meat and meat as a natural substitute.
Varietal Evaluation of Single Petalled Tuberose (Agave amica Medik.) Germplasm for the Growth and Flowering Attributes
Authors: S. Harshavardhan , S. Karthikeyan , R. Chitra , R. Kalaiyarasi , B. Rajagopal , K. Rajamani
Published: September 2023

The present experiment was to evaluate eight single petaled tuberose germplasm for growth and flowering attributes. All the tuberose germplasm showed a significant variation in the results. In vegetative parameters, the maximum plant height (79.3 cm) was observed in ‘Mexican Single’, while maximum leaf length (35.1 cm) and leaf width (3.4 cm) was observed in ‘Arka Keerthy’ and ‘Bidhan Rajani’, respectively, then high number of leaves seen in the germplasm ‘Mexican Single. In flowering parameters, ‘Nilakottai local” found superior in days taken for spike emergence (64.7 days), spike length (90.9 cm) and rachis length (31.4 cm) respectively. While, floret length (7.28 cm) and Single floret weight (1.57 g) was observed in ‘Bidhan Rajani’.
Productivity of Sesame on Growth and Yield as Influence by Plant Spacing and Weed Management Practices
Authors: Roy Puja , C. Umesha
Published: September 2023

Field experiment was conducted during zaid-2022 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India, to investigate on the productivity of sesame on growth and yield as influence by plant spacing and weed management practices. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loamy in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.8), low in organic carbon (0.35%). The treatments consist of three levels of spacing 20 x 10cm, 30 x 10 cm, and 40 x 10 cm and three types of weed managements (Two hand weeding at 21 and 42DAS, Pendimethalin 0.7 5kg/ha at 1 DAS + one hand weeding at 21 DAS, and + Quizalofop ethyl 0.05 kg/ha on 25 DAS + one hand weeding at 42 DAS).The experiment was laidout in randomized complete block design with nine treatments each replicated three times. The results obtained indicated that the higher plant height (129.99 cm), higher number of branches (3.77), higher plant dry weight (15.63 g/plant), higher crop growth rate (12.13 g/m2/day) higher number of capsules/plant (31.91), higher number of seeds/ capsules (47.48), higher test weight (3.48 gm), higher seed yield (1177.07 kg/ha) and higher stalk yield (1610.41 kg/ha) were significantly influenced at a plant spacing of 40 x 10 cm along with the application of Quizalofop ethyl @0.05 kg/ha on 25 DAS + one hand weeding at 42 DAS. However higher gross return (92,164.84 INR/ha), higher net return (65,840.84 INR/ha) and higher B:Cratio (2.50) were also recorded in treatment-9 at a spacing of 40 x 10 cm along with the application of Quizalofop ethyl @0.05 kg/ha on 25 DAS + one hand weeding at 42 DAS.
Effect of Phosphorus Levels on Growth and Yield of Maize Hybrids
Authors: Kumari Pooja , C. Umesha
Published: September 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Rabi season 2022 on Maize crop. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments and three replication. The treatment consisted of Maize hybrids (Govinda 111, Hybrid corn 4226, DKC 9133) with soil application of phosphorus (40 kg/ha, 60 kg/ha and 80 kg/ha) and a control (120:60:40 kg NPK/ha). The results of the experiment showed that, plant height (125.65 cm), dry weight (96.59 g/plant), crop growth rate (39.91 g/m2/day), No. of cob/plant (1.33), No. of grains/row (21.36), seed index (23.44 g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and stover yield (9.91 t/ha) and harvest index (37.12%) were significantly highest recorded in ‘Hybrid DKC 9133’ with the application of phosphorus 80 kg/ha. Maximum gross returns (1,32,865.00 INR/ha), net returns (89,392.55 INR/ha), and B:C (2.06) were also obtained with the same treatment.
Evaluation of Silage Quality of Forage Maize (Zea mays L.) and Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Varieties at Different Phenophases
Authors: Sree E. Pooja , Naaiik R. V. T. Balazzii , Rekha K. Bhanu , Kumar T. Sukruth
Published: September 2023

Aim: To evaluate the green fodder production potential of forage maize and sweet sorghum varieties at different phenophases.

Experiment Design: Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD).

Place and Duration of Study: AICRP on Forage Crops and Utilization, Agricultural Research Institute. Duration from July 2022 to Nov 2022.

Methodology: Field experiment was conducted at AICRP on Forage Crops and Utilization, Agricultural Research Institute (ARI), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during kharif 2022. The treatments consisted of four maize varieties (African tall, J –1006, TSFM 15-5 and DHM-117) and two sweet sorghum varieties (CSH-22SS and CSV-49SS) and three harvest stages (S1: Milky stage, S2: Soft dough stage and S3: Dent stage) laid out in randomized block design with factorial concept with two factors. Factor (A) as six varieties and factor (B) as three harvest stages (phenophases) with three replications. Texture of the soil was sandy loam with the pH of 7.0, low in available nitrogen (199.3 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorous (39.12 kg ha-1) and potassium (195.30 kg ha-1).

Results: Fodder maize variety African tall recorded significantly higher plant height (265.8 cm) at dent stage, leaf-stem ratio (0.36) at milky stage, green fodder yield (438 q ha-1) at soft dough stage and dry fodder yield (122.7 q ha-1) at dent stage of harvest. while J-1006 recorded significantly highest dry matter content (29.8%) at the dent stage of harvest. CSH 22SS recorded significantly higher crude protein content (10%) in the milky stage.

Conclusion: African tall variety has recorded significantly higher green fodder yield (438 q ha-1) at soft dough stage and dry fodder yield at the dent stage (122.7 q ha-1).
Exploring Regenerative Mechanisms: Comparative Analysis of Callus Induction and Shoot Regeneration in Valeriana jatamansi Jones through In-vitro and In-vivo Cultivation
Authors: Prakash Soban , Shah Dharmendra , Jangpangi Devesh , Patni Babita
Published: September 2023

Valeriana jatamansi Jones, commonly known as Tagar, belongs to the Caprifoliaceae family and is valued for its medicinal properties. This research aims to assess the impact of specific plant growth regulators on different explants obtained from natural and in-vitro cultivated plants. Leaves and nodal explants from both sources were utilized, treated with 2,4-D, NAA, and BAP, and monitored for 30 days. Results indicate widespread callus formation among various explant types. Particularly intriguing is the robust response of in-vitro cultivated explants, in contrast to those from naturally grown plants. Nodal explants exhibited a remarkable tendency for producing multiple shoots, especially in a medium enriched with 20 µM BAP, highlighting BAP's efficacy in promoting shoot regeneration in controlled settings. This study underscores the potential of tissue culture for establishing effective protocols to conserve this medicinal plant, offering insights into sustainable and responsible utilization for informed conservation strategies.
Seasonal Activity and Diversity of Insect Fauna Collected through Light Traps in Protected and Unprotected Conditions during rabi Season
Authors: Ahirwar Manoj Kumar , Vaishampayan Sanjay , Dwarka  , Vishwakarma Deepali
Published: September 2023

The present investigation was carried out by installing two light traps with different light sources in the experimental site one is inside the polyhouse and the other is outside the poly house. Insects were collected regularly from the third week of September 2019 to the second week of March 2020. During the study, in all 8 predaceous and 6 harmful species were observed in the light trap inside the polyhouse. Seven major insect pest species and some unidentified Lepidopteran moths were identified and collected outside the polyhouse, as important positively phototropic insect pest in rabi crops. The light sources used in light trap SMV-4 models were 8+8 watt UV (10”tubes) and 15 watt UV (15” tube).
Application of Machine Learning to Air Pollution Studies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ukachukwu Marvelous , Uzoamaka Nnemeka , Elochukwu Nnama
Published: September 2023

Air pollution is a serious global issue that threatens human life and health, as well as the environment. Machine learning algorithms can be used to predict air pollution level data from both natural and anthropogenic activities. Environmental and government agencies can use these speculations to issue air pollution alerts. This review work is an attempt at the recent status and development of scientific studies on the use of machine learning algorithms to model air pollution challenges. This study uses the scientific web as a primary search engine and covers over 100 highly peer-reviewed articles from 2000-2022. Therefore, this review paper aims to highlight the various application methods of machine learning, notably data mining, in air pollution control and monitoring. It also comprehensively analyses published works by renowned scholars and authors worldwide, discussing how machine learning has been used in mitigating air pollution. By examining the chronological trends of machine learning in air pollution, this review paper provides an up-to-date account of the successes achieved in regulating air pollution using machine learning techniques. Additionally, it identifies areas that require further research, critically analyzing the current state of knowledge and potential research directions.
Development of the Discrete Kirchhoff-Mindlin Quadrilateral (DKMQ) Element for Composite Folded Plate Analysis
Authors: Widjaja Kristofer
Published: September 2023

The paper was published in Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 20, No. 1, 2018, as seen link below:http://ced.petra.ac.id/index.php/civ/article/view/20644
Last Planner System and the Performance of Construction Projects
Authors: Dewantoro Maximillian Maria Surjo
Published: September 2023

Scheduling serves as one of the critical aspects in the construction business and industrial activity. The last planner system has been used as one of the methods on the construction project. By applying the last planner system as a construction control method, the project can run on schedule, the cost does not exceed planning, and the quality of work on a project can be guaranteed. This research seeks a correlation between the last planner system and construction project performance. This research using a questionnaire method to find the project last planner system implementation and project performance. The data that answered by respondents are analyzed using SPSS program with Spearman ranking to find a correlation between the last planner system and construction project performance. The results show that there are eight very strong and significant relations between the last planner system implementation and project performance.
The Decisive Factors in Selection of Architects according to the Developers of Apartment Projects in Surabaya
Authors: Darmanto Melita , Chandra Herry Pintardi , Nugraha Paul
Published: September 2023

Selection of an architect is not as easy as buying finished goods becausetheir services are intangible. The selection of architect consists of several variables,namely task performance, contextual performance, network relationships andprices. The purpose of this study is to analyze which factors are most decisive inselecting an architect according to apartment developers in Surabaya, and toanalyze whether there are differences between the factors in each variable. Thisstudy used a pilot study with a questionnaire method that was distributed to thearchitect lecturers of Petra Christian University, Indonesia. The results of the pilotstudy were re-synthesize and distributed to apartment developers in Surabaya. Theconclusion is that the most decisive factor in task performance variable is a creative,innovative, and constructability.
Studi Alternatif Desain Tatanan Koridor Apartemen Melalui Aspek Environment Pada Konsep Human Well-Being
Authors: Setyantara Rudy Putra , Hidayatun Maria Imaculata , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

Isu pertumbuhan penduduk yang pesat, menjadikan perubahan sistem hunian horizontal menjadi vertikal. Namun dengan perubahan tersebut apakah dapat sesuai dan menunjang kualitas hidup penghuninya, sama dengan hunian horizontal. Perubahan hunian menyebabkan mengakibatkan perbedaan kebiasaan pada hunian horizontal yang belum dapat ditinggalkan. Hal tersebut terlihat dalam sebuah apartemen utamanya pada bagian koridor, yang sering digunakan untuk berkegiatan sepertitempat bermain anak-anak karena ruang unit tidak cukup ruang bermain, ataupun menjadi ruang berbincang dengan sesama pengguna unit. Hal tersebut tidak sesuai dengan fungsi koridor yang diperuntukkan hanya untuk ruang sirkulasi. Adanya hal tersebut ruang koridor harus di perbaiki dengan menyesuaikan kebutuhan pengguna, sehingga dapat mendukung aktivitas yang tinggal di dalamnya. Oleh karena itu melalui dimensi environment pada konsep human well-being menjadikan koridor mampu untuk mendukung aktivitas pengguna yang masih dalam tahap transisi dari hunian horizontal ke hunian vertikal.
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN BIOKLIMATIK DARI KENNETH YEANG TERHADAP ALTERNATIF DESAIN HOTEL DI KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Christianto Kevin , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

Pertumbuhan masyarakat yang meningkat tinggidapat terlihat dari perkembangan kota yang semakin berkembang. Dengan peningkatan penduduk yang tinggi dan lahan yang terbatas maka solusi yang terbaik untuk mengatasi kebutuhan bagi tempat tinggal adalah dengan cara membangun secara vertikal, termasuk fasilitas hotel.  Artikel ini mengusulkan desain hotel dengan aplikasi konsep bioklimatik dari Kenneth Yeang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah simulasi yaitu menggunakan replikasi objek dan pengaturan dunia nyata. Efek pesatnya perkembangan bangunan di kota Bekasi mengakibatkan penghijauan semakin berkurang. Serta kurang memperhatikan faktor alam ke dalam bangunan terutama pada bangunan vertikal. Sehingga desain pada hotel ini sangat memperhatikan alam dengan memasukan alam kedalam desain bangunan. Serta hasil penelitian ini untuk mengingatkan kepada arsitek agar memperhatikan iklim sebagai respon bangunan vertikal terhadap lingkungan. Keywords: Hunian Vertikal, Hotel, Bioklimatik.
Pengaruh Karakteristik Konsumsi Energi Terhadap Pencapaian Efisiensi Energi— Studi Kasus Di Perumahan Bulan Terang Utama Malang
Authors: Setyowati Ratna Dhani , Raharjo Jani
Published: September 2023

Tingginya konsumsi energi listrik di Indonesia merupakan masalah yangberdampak pada seluruh lapisan masyarakat. Perilaku atau karakteristik adalahfaktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam penghematan konsumsi energi listrik padasektor rumah tangga, maka perlu adanya penelitian mengenai pengaruhkarakteristik konsumsi energi dalam IKE (Intensitas Konsumsi Energi) terhadapefisiensi energi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik danintensitas konsumsi energi di perumahan Bulan Terang Utama Malang, serta untukmengetahui pengaruh karakteristik konsumsi energi dalam IKE terhadap efisiensienergi. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan metode deskiptif dan tabulasi IKE(Intensitas Konsumsi Energi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitaskonsumsi energi di Perumahan Bulan Terang Utama masih tergolong efisiendengan konsumsi energi terbesar di area dapur dan terendah ialah di pencahayaan.Sementara secara parsial, hanya karakteristik bangunan dan kepemilikan elektronikyang memiliki pengaruh terhadap pencapaian efisiensi energi.