bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivation of management students to engage in volunteering (in the light of research results)
Authors: Stankiewicz Janina , Seiler Bartosz , Bortnowska Hanna
Published: June 2017

Market of volunteers in Poland, especially those ones with specialized skills, is limited. An important reservoir of volunteer work are the universities. Non-governmental organizations should consider sustained cooperation with them. Volunteers predisposed to provide administrative support could be sought among the students of management. This article aims to answer the following questions: Are students of management want to get involved in the activities of non-governmental organizations? What are the motives of involvement in voluntary dominate among them? What benefi ts do they see, in collaboration with NGO’s? What actions can take the managers of these organizations to motivate volunteers?
The social aspects of low emission management in the Nowa Sól district
Authors: Dzikuć Maciej , Dzikuć Maria , Siničáková Marianna
Published: June 2017

The article shows the problem of excessive low emission in the district of Nowa Sól and points to the social issues that can affect a delay in the introduction of specific environmental actions. The article also identifies the main sources that contribute to the formation of low emission in the district of Nowa Sól. Moreover, it noted the actions planned to be taken in the area of the Nowa Sól district to reduce low emission and their evaluation has been made. There has been also pointed to the direction of the management of low emission, which will have to be taken in order to significantly reduce the low emission of the analysed area and the solutions, already introduced in Poland without a public outcry, have been identified. At the end of the paper the conclusions have been presented.
EU agricultural policy and productivity of soil in countries varying in terms of intensity of agricultural production
Authors: Smędzik-Ambroży Katarzyna , Majchrzak Adam
Published: June 2017

It was emphasised in the work whether there are differences in soil productivity of FADM farms from countries belonging to EU-15 and EU-12, and whether CAP subsidies impact the degree of these differences. For this purpose, a comparative analysis was conducted for the soil productivity indicators (taking into account the value of CAP subsidies in the value of production from agricultural activity and without such subsidies) as well as a statistical assessment of differences between those indicators in EU-15 and EU-12 countries based on the Mann-Whitney U test. EU-FADN data was used in the work. The timeframe covered the period of 2007-2013, the spatial scope covered EU-27 countries while the subject scope covered farms representative for particular EU-15 and EU-12 countries. A hypothesis was made that including subsidies from the Common Agricultural Policy in the total production generated from farming causes absence of the significance of differences, in the productivity of soils from EU- 15 and EU-12 countries. As a result of the conducted analyses, it was confirmed that CAP subsidies increase the difference in the scope of soil productivity between farms from EU-15 and EU-12 countries. A bigger level of differences occurred between FADN farms from countries composing EU-15.
Factors of changes in farming in Piła subregion in the view of Agricultural Censuses in 1996, 2002 and 2010
Authors: Czyżewski Andrzej , Strońska-Ziemann Joanna
Published: June 2017

The conducted factor analysis, basing on the outcomes of three successive Agricultural Censuses, selected four factors of changes in agriculture and rural areas of Pila subregion and determined the variation range they accounted for. They were induced by natural environment conditions, production limits of agricultural holdings, the level of entrepreneurship, labour market situation. Those variables, in turn, contributed to the suburbanisation processes and road network and social infrastructure development, as well as their derivatives, such as, the level of incomes, advances in construction industry and the level of pre-schooling. Agriculture contributed negatively (destimuli) to region’s development in analysed years.
Comments on behaviour of solutions of elliptic quasi-linear problems in a neighbourhood of boundary singularities
Authors: Bodzioch Mariusz , Wiśniewski Damian , Żyjewski Krzysztof
Published: June 2017

We have investigated the behaviour of solutions of elliptic quasi-linear problems in a neighbourhood of boundary singularities in bounded and unbounded domains. We found exponents of the solution’s decreasing rate near the boundary singularities.
Finite groups whose all second maximal subgroups are cyclic
Authors: Ma Li , Meng Wei , Ma Wanqing
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we give a complete classification of the finite groups G whose second maximal subgroups are cyclic
Existence of solutions for delay evolution equations with nonlocal conditions
Authors: Zhang Xuping , Li Yongxiang
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we are devoted to study the existence of mild solutions for delay evolution equations with nonlocal conditions. By using tools involving the Kuratowski measure of noncompactness and fixed point theory, we establish some existence results of mild solutions without the assumption of compactness on the associated semigroup. Our results improve and generalize some related conclusions on this issue. Moreover, we present an example to illustrate the application of the main results.
The uniqueness of meromorphic functions in k-punctured complex plane
Authors: Xu Hong Yan , Liu San Yang
Published: June 2017

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the uniqueness of meromorphic functions that share two finite sets in the k-punctured complex plane. It is proved that there exist two sets S1, S2 with ♯S1 = 2 and ♯S2 = 5, such that any two admissible meromorphic functions f and g in Ω must be identical if EΩ(Sj, f) = EΩ(Sj, g)(j = 1,2).
The Demand and Supply of Protection:A Reinterpretation of the Emergence of a Weberian/Olsonian State through the Lens of Modern China
Authors: Yu Ben T. , Chen Quo-quan , Lai Lawrence W.C.
Published: June 2017

The study of institutions and economic history was much influenced by Ronald Coase and Douglass North, in particular with Douglas North’s notion of government as an endogenous outcome of institution competition. Although Max Weber articulated a concept of government as a monopoly of violence in 1919, much subsequent modeling work on governments was built around the banditry notion of governments of Mancur Olson (1993, “Democracy, Dictatorship and Development.” The American Political Science Review 87(3) (September): 567–576). Examples are Usher (1989, “The Dynastic Cycle and the Stationary State.” American Economic Review 79: 1031–1044), Moselle and Polak (2001, “A Model of a Predatory State.” Journal of Law, Economics & Organization 17(N1)), and the like. A good summary is found in Dixit (2004, Lawlessness and Economics: Alternative Modes of Governance. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press). We called this collectively a Weberian/Olsonian view of governments. Building on the notion that a State is a monopoly of violence, these models are in line with the banditry idea of Olson, which, among many country historical studies, he used the Chinese example that governments are essentially stationary/roving bandits. Taking Olson’s ideas as a lead, this paper uses the counter-example of Feng Yu-hsiang (馮玉祥 1882–1948) (Feng), a Chinese “warlord”, to present an alternative analytical framework in terms of a supply-demand model for the emergence of governments. The level of generalization for a framework of such societal order is necessarily heuristic, and can be compared to such economic simplification of social reality by Hayek, Schumpeter and North. However, it should help constellate facts that can be gathered to evaluate refutable hypotheses that are of interest to political theorists and historians. The model formulated for this paper is not intended to justify violence, which the authors deplore, but is recognized as merely a statement about realpolitik.
Charlie Hebdo: Testing the Limits of Freedom of Expression
Authors: Shah Niaz A.
Published: June 2017

The right to freedom of expression is a qualified right: it allows expression that might ‘offend, shock or disturb’ but prohibits ‘insults’, ‘abusive attacks’ and ‘hate speech’. Applying the Convention test I argue that all cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad, which although might offend Muslims, are an acceptable form of expression in Western democracies except cartoon number two implying the Prophet Muhammad as a ‘terrorist’ which is ‘insulting’ and ‘an abusive attack’ on the Muslim community and Islam. In the post-9/11 circumstances, it may be viewed as a vehicle for instigating hatred against the Muslim community. By critiquing the inaction of Denmark and France, I argue that failure to prosecute Jyllands-Posten and Charlie Hebdo violates Articles 9(1) of the European Convention and the Danish Criminal Code and the French Freedom of Press Act 1881. Relying on ECtHR’s jurisprudence, I argue that the values of the Convention and democracy aim to nurture a society based on tolerance, social peace, non-discrimination and broad-mindedness. The public space is a shared space and no single group – religious and non-religious – can monopolise nor intimidate it.
Ultracompact all-optical full-adder and half-adder based on nonlinear plasmonic nanocavities
Authors: Xie Jingya , Niu Xinxiang , Hu Xiaoyong , Wang Feifan , Chai Zhen , Yang Hong , Gong Qihuang
Published: June 2017

Ultracompact chip-integrated all-optical half- and full-adders are realized based on signal-light induced plasmonic-nanocavity-modes shift in a planar plasmonic microstructure covered with a nonlinear nanocomposite layer, which can be directly integrated into plasmonic circuits. Tremendous nonlinear enhancement is obtained for the nanocomposite cover layer, attributed to resonant excitation, slow light effect, as well as field enhancement effect provided by the plasmonic nanocavity. The feature size of the device is <15 μm, which is reduced by three orders of magnitude compared with previous reports. The operating threshold power is determined to be 300 μW (corresponding to a threshold intensity of 7.8 MW/cm2), which is reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with previous reports. The intensity contrast ratio between two output logic states, “1” and “0,” is larger than 27 dB, which is among the highest values reported to date. Our work is the first to experimentally realize on-chip half- and full-adders based on nonlinear plasmonic nanocavities having an ultrasmall feature size, ultralow threshold power, and high intensity contrast ratio simultaneously. This work not only provides a platform for the study of nonlinear optics, but also paves a way to realize ultrahigh-speed signal computing chips.
Nanomaterials for cancer therapies
Authors: Zhou Qing , Zhang Li , Wu Hong
Published: June 2017

Cancer is one of the most deadly diseases in the world. In recent years, nanotechnology, as a unique technology, has been comprehensively applied in the therapy of cancer through diagnosis, imaging and theranostics. Additionally, with the emergence of advanced biomaterials which are capable of being applied in biomedical, research in cancer nanotechnology has made significant progress. Particularly, nanomaterials with dimensions below several hundred nanometers are intensively studied among these advanced biomaterials. In past decades, a number of organic and inorganic nanomaterials have emerged as novel tools for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics due to their unique characteristics, like their solubilization effect, drug protection, passive/active tumor targeting, controlled release of drugs which result in enhanced anticancer efficacy while reducing the side effects. In this review, we first provide a brief description of the key properties of nanomaterials, such as nanoparticle (NP) size, surface properties and tumor targeting. The major goal of this review is to summarize the achievements that have been made in the development of the application of nanomaterials for cancer therapies, along with a short description of their general characteristics and preparation of various kinds of nanoparticles.
Synthesis and characterization of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Surowiec Zbigniew , Budzyński Mieczysław , Durak Katarzyna , Czernel Grzegorz
Published: June 2017

Small particles of magnetite, i.e. 7.5, 13.4 and 14.1 nm in diameter, were obtained by the method of co-precipitation. The crystal structure and size distributions were determined by means of transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were tested by Mössbauer spectroscopy within the temperature range from 3 K to room temperature (RT). The Mössbauer study of magnetic nanoparticles reveals relaxation behaviour related to the existence of the superparamagnetic phase. The blocking temperature depends on the sizes of the nanoparticles and the ammonia concentration.
Mössbauer and magnetic studies of FeCoNiCuNbSiB nanocrystalline alloys
Authors: Grabias Agnieszka , Basykh Viktoriia , Ferenc Jarosław , Cieślak Grzegorz , Kulik Tadeusz , Kopcewicz Michał
Published: June 2017

Nanocrystalline Fe80-x-yCoxNiyCu1Nb3Si4B12 alloys were prepared by the annealing of amorphous ribbons. Primary crystallization of the alloys annealed at temperatures of between 500 and 550°C was studied by X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Magnetic properties of the alloys were investigated using a hysteresis loop tracer and vibrating sample magnetometer. The annealed ribbons are composed of a two-phase nanostructure consisting of bcc Fe-based grains embedded in an amorphous matrix. Conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy (CEMS) measurements reveal a more advanced crystallization process in the surface layers when compared with the volume of the ribbons. The degree of saturation magnetization of the nanocrystalline alloys is of about 1.5 T. The coercive field varies from 1.0 to 6.5 A/m and peaks at an annealing temperature of 525°C. Magnetic softening of the nanocrystalline alloys observed after annealing at 550°C is correlated with a volume fraction of the nanocrystalline bcc phase.
Microstructure and magnetic properties of amorphous Fe51Co12Si16B8Mo5P8 alloy
Authors: Hasiak Mariusz , Miglierini Marcel , Amini Narges , Bujdoš Marek
Published: June 2017

Microstructure and thermomagnetic characteristics of the amorphous Fe51Co12Si16B8Mo5P8 alloy in the as-quenched state and after 1 h of annealing at 573 K and 773 K are studied. The structural investigations performed by Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry confirmed the amorphous structure of the analysed materials. An increase in the annealing temperature up to 773 K does not lead to crystallization of the amorphous alloy. Only structural rearrangement that causes changes in the topological short-range order and annealing out of free volume is observed. This behaviour was confirmed by modifications of the shapes of hyperfine field distributions derived from the corresponding Mössbauer spectra of the investigated alloys. The Curie temperatures of the as-quenched and annealed Fe51Co12Si16B8Mo5P8 alloy at 573 and 773 K are 400, 405 and 421 K, respectively.
Structural properties of Mn-substituted hercynite
Authors: Jastrzębska Ilona , Bodnar Wiktor , Witte Kerstin , Burkel Eberhard , Stoch Paweł , Szczerba Jacek
Published: June 2017

In this work spinel series with the general formula Fe1-xMnxAl2O4 (where x = 0, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7) were synthesized and characterized with respect to their structure and microstructure. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) was used to identify the phase composition that revealed a single phase spinel material. Rietveld refinements of the XRD patterns were carried out in order to determine the lattice and oxygen positional parameters of the spinel compounds. Mössbauer effect measurements were performed at room temperature to determine the local chemical environment of the Fe ions, their valences, and degrees of spinels inversion. It was shown that an increase in the Mn content led to a decrease in the ratio of Fe2+ to Fe3+. The results obtained from Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS) were used to establish the chemical formulas of the synthesized spinels. Finally, the microstructure that was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a compact microstructure with an octahedral crystal habit.
Compositional dependence of hyperfine interactions and magnetoelectric coupling in (BiFeO3)x-(BaTiO3)1–x solid solutions
Authors: Kowal Karol , Guzdek Piotr , Kowalczyk Maciej , Jartych Elżbieta
Published: June 2017

In this work the compositional dependence of hyperfine interactions and magnetoelectric coupling in (BiFeO3)x-(BaTiO3)1-x solid solutions where x = 0.5-0.9 fabricated from commercial BaTiO3 in terms of the solid-state sintering method at various temperatures and over different time periods is described. In general, as the content of BaTiO3 increases, a decrease in the hyperfine magnetic field (Bhf) at 57Fe nuclei was observed. However, for samples exhibiting lower homogeneity in which the ions of Bi3+ and Fe3+ are replaced by Ba2+ and Ti4+ with lower probability, higher values of Bhf are obtained. For the sample where x = 0.6 that exhibits the coexistence of rhombohedral, regular and tetragonal phases, the highest value of the αME coefficient (3.57 mV/A) was observed, which is more than three times higher when compared to the hitherto published results.
Spin reorientation process in Tm2–xHoxFe14B – analysis of conical arrangement based on Mössbauer spectra
Authors: Kurzydło Piotr M. , Pędziwiatr Antoni T. , Bogacz Bogdan F. , Przewoźnik Janusz , Oleszak Dariusz
Published: June 2017

The spin reorientation process in the Tm2-xHoxFe14B series of compounds was studied using57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy over the temperature range 5.2-320 K with a focus on the analysis of conical spin arrangement. Each compound was studied by precise Mössbauer scanning in the vicinity of the transition and during the transition. By applying computer simulations based on the simplified Yamada-Kato model, as well as on some literature data for R2Fe14B (R = Tm, Ho) compounds, the above series was selected for studies as it contains compounds with different spin arrangements (axial, planar, conical). It was a crucial requirement for obtaining unambiguous angular dependences when applying a simultaneous fitting procedure of Mössbauer spectra. Such an extended procedure was applied which allowed the temperature dependence of the angle describing the position of the magnetization vector to be obtained. The results were compared with those from theoretical simulations. The spin arrangement diagram was constructed. A conical spin arrangement was confirmed over a wide temperature range.
Preliminary results of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy of metamict samarskite after one-hour high temperature annealing in argon
Authors: Malczewski Dariusz , Grabias Agnieszka
Published: June 2017

The preliminary results of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of fully metamict samarskite dated at ~1500 Ma, which absorbed α-dose of 6.5 × 1017 α-decay mg-1, are reported after one-hour annealing at 673, 873, 1173 and 1373 K in argon atmosphere. Metamict minerals contain radioactive elements that degrade their crystal structures over geological time. All the Mössbauer spectra obtained can be fitted to two quadrupole doublets assigned to Fe2+ and Fe3+ in octahedral positions. The relative contribution of Fe2+ (Fe2+/Fe) reaches a minimum of 0.10 at 1173 K.
Effect of BaTiO3 concentration on structural and magnetic properties of mechanically activated BiFeO3-BaTiO3 system
Authors: Malesa Bożena , Pikula Tomasz , Oleszak Dariusz , Jartych Elżbieta
Published: June 2017

In this research, the mechanical activation method is proposed as an alternative process of preparation of the (BiFeO3)1-x-(BaTiO3)x solid solutions with various concentrations of barium titanate (x = 0.1÷0.9). However, mechanical milling itself does not allow obtaining the desired products and additional thermal treatment is needed to complete the solid-state reaction. In the present studies, X-ray diffraction and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy were applied as complementary methods in order to study the structural and magnetic properties of materials. The investigations revealed that an increase of BaTiO3 concentration causes changes in the crystalline and hyperfine magnetic structure of the studied (BiFeO3)1-x-(BaTiO3)x system.
An example of the application of Mössbauer spectroscopy for determination of concentration of iron in lyophilized brain tissue
Authors: Rzepecka Patrycja , Duda Przemysław , Giebułtowicz Joanna , Sochacka Małgorzata , Friedman Andrzej , Gałązka-Friedman Jolanta
Published: June 2017

Mössbauer spectroscopy is not routinely used for the determination of the concentration of iron. However, as this method does not need any pre-treatment of samples before measurements, it may be of extreme importance for the assessment of iron in samples, which can then be used for further investigations. Biological samples are a good example, however, as the concentrations of iron are very low in these, it is important to exclude possible artefacts from the background spectrum related to iron present in the counter and cryostat windows. The aim of this study was to compare two methods of determination of the amounts of iron in investigated sample: one, in which the background spectrum was subtracted from the sample spectrum measured, and the other, in which the obtained non-elaborated spectrum was fitted with two doublets - a doublet for the measured sample and a doublet for the background spectrum. Three samples containing known amounts of natural iron (400, 800 and 1600 μg) and a sample of lyophilized human brain tissue obtained from globus pallidus were assessed. Both methods led to the creation of a very good calibration curve with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. Although both methods gave similar results for the concentration of iron in the sample, the subtraction of the background spectrum had a significantly lower error of the final result.
Synthesis and characterization of AgFeO2 delafossite with non-stoichiometric silver concentration
Authors: Siedliska Karolina , Pikula Tomasz , Chocyk Dariusz , Jartych Elżbieta
Published: June 2017

The simple co-precipitation method was used to prepare AgxFeO2 delafossite with non-stoichiometric silver concentration in the range of x = 0.05-1. The obtained material was investigated using X-ray powder diffraction and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy at room temperature. The structural and hyperfi ne interaction parameters were recognized in relation with decreasing silver concentration. The study revealed that the delafossite structure of AgxFeO2 was maintained up to x = 0.9; as the range of silver concentration was decreased to 0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.8, a mixture of AgFeO2, Fe2O3 or/and FeOOH was formed.
Bewegungsförderung in der pflegerischen Langzeitversorgung
Authors: Horn Annett , Kleina Thomas , Schaeffer Doris
Published: June 2017

Studien belegen, dass durch körperliche Aktivität auch im hohen Alter positive Gesundheitseffekte erzielt werden können. Wenig Wissen liegt jedoch über die Potenziale von Bewegungsförderung bei hochaltrigen, chronisch kranken und pflegebedürftigen Menschen vor. Dies gilt insbesondere für Nutzer stationärer Pflegeeinrichtungen. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über den bisherigen Kenntnis- und Wissenstand, zeigt Forschungslücken auf und gibt Empfehlungen für die Etablierung von Bewegungsförderung in der stationären Langzeitversorgung.
Ressourcenorientierte Beratung für gesundes Altern
Authors: Lang Frieder R. , Beyer Anja
Published: June 2017

Vorherrschende Beratungsangebote für Ältere und deren Angehörige fokussieren meist auf spezifische defizitäre Alternserfahrungen. Beratung für gesundes Altern ist hingegen präventiv ausgerichtet auf die Stärkung der Ressourcen der Klienten im Vorfeld pathogener Entwicklungen und orientiert sich an alternsabhängigen Einflussfaktoren, am Alternserleben der Betroffenen sowie an Selbst- und Umweltidealen, um motivationale Ressourcen und adaptive Strategien zu schützen, zu aktivieren und zu fördern.
Arzneimitteltherapie im Alter – individualisiert und sicher
Authors: Marx Yvonne , Herrmann Markus , Robra Bernt-Peter
Published: June 2017

Zunehmendes Alter, Multimorbidität, Polypharmazie und daraus resultierende Risiken sind nahezu untrennbar miteinander verbunden. Trotz zahlreicher Bemühungen gibt es bisher keine langfristig wirksame Strategie zur Reduktion einer Polypharmazie durch den Hausarzt. Basierend auf aktuellen Erkenntnissen und unter Berücksichtigung hemmender Faktoren wird eine mögliche komplexe Intervention für die hausärztliche Praxis abgeleitet.
Materielle Versorgung im Alter: Zur regionalen Bedeutung von Alterssicherungssystemen
Authors: Fachinger Uwe
Published: June 2017

Der materiellen Versorgung im Alter kommt eine hohe regionale Bedeutung zu. Insbesondere die regionale Kaufkraft in ostdeutschen Kommunen hängt stark von den Leistungen der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung ab. Aufgrund der regionalen Unterschiede sind die Kommunen von den von Alterssicherungssystemen verursachten direkten und indirekten Effekten in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß betroffen. So besteht beispielsweise durch die Reduzierung des Leistungsniveaus die Gefahr, dass das Wohlfahrtsgefälle zwischen den Regionen zunehmen wird.
Herausforderung Fragilitätsfrakturen – aus Sicht eines Alterstraumazentrums
Authors: Kretschmer Rainer , Loher Martin , Apfelbacher Christian , Nerlich Michael
Published: June 2017

Die Anzahl von Fragilitätsfrakturen in Deutschland wird in den nächsten Dekaden demografiebedingt stark ansteigen. Im stationären Bereich kann von der erfreulich ansteigenden Anzahl von spezialisierten Alterstraumazentren eine Verminderung der für die Betroffenen oftmals einschneidenden gesundheitlichen Folgen erwartet werden. Weiterhin erfährt aber eine flächendeckende und sektorenübergreifend aufzustellende Primär- und Sekundärprävention nicht die erforderliche Aufmerksamkeit.
Skill-Biased Technological Change, Earnings of Unskilled Workers, and Crime
Authors: Mocan Naci , Unel Bulent
Published: June 2017

This paper investigates the impact of unskilled workers’ earnings on crime. We create indexes of skill-biased technological change which vary by state and year, or by state, year, and industry. These indexes are used as instruments for earnings in crime regressions. We analyze US state panels, and also run structural crime equations using micro panel data from NLSY97. Estimated elasticities are markedly larger than those obtained by previous studies. Considering technology being adopted at the regional level does not alter the results appreciably. We also find evidence for asymmetric impact of unskilled workers’ earnings on crime.
Several Bounds for the K-Tower of Hanoi Puzzle
Authors: Gregg Stephen B. , Hopkins Britney , Karber Kristi , Milligan Thomas , Sharp Johnny
Published: June 2017

We consider special cases of a modified version of the Tower of Hanoi puzzle and demonstrate how to find upper bounds on the minimum number of moves that it takes to complete these cases.
The Relationship between Economic Development and Fatal Occupational Accidents: Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Çolak Olcay , Palaz Serap
Published: June 2017

Occupational accidents are among the most important issues of the agenda of working life in Turkey recently. Recently the causes and consequences of occupational accidents which are related to human, occupational and environmental factors have received great attention from the researchers but it has been paid little attention to focused on economic factors. The purpose of this paper is to make a contribution to redressing this gap by examining the relationship between fatal occupational accidents and economic development over the period of 1980 to 2012 for Turkey. In this context, bounds testing approach which is also known as autoregressive distributed lag model is performed. The results indicate the existence of positive relationship between gross domestic product per capita and fatal occupational accidents in the short-run while in the long run this turns out to be in a negative way via economic growth and changes in structure of the economy.
Specifics of IFRS Adoption by Central and Eastern European Countries: Evidence from Research
Authors: Procházka David
Published: June 2017

The paper reviews recent literature on the specifics of adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by the new EU members from the Central and Eastern Europe. Despite being members of the EU or OECD, the transition to a standard developed economy has not yet finished. The first part of the paper presents macroeconomic statistics and capital market data, which underline a unique economic structure of the region (relative unimportance of capital markets for raising capital, strong dependence on foreign direct investments) combined with the lacks in institutional environment. Under such conditions, the economic consequences of IFRS adoption can be unpredictable and adverse. The second part of the paper analyses the reflection of specifics of the IFRS adoption in the CEE region in research studies covered by the Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science database. The analysis reveals (a) cross-country disproportion in the research coverage of the area; (b) relatively low coverage of the IFRS research focusing on these transition countries in top journals.
Saussure and the model of communication
Authors: Daylight Russell
Published: June 2017

One of the less obvious contributions of Saussure is his role in establishing modern communications theory. The sender-message-receiver (SMR) model of communication was developed by Shannon and Weaver (1949,The mathematical theory of communication. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press). Within the humanities, it is Roman Jakobson’s version of the SMR model that is most influential. Jakobson’s model creates a methodology for considering such complexities as the sender’s intentions, the context of transmission, metalinguistic codes, the transmission medium, and the relation to the referent. Despite the complexity of Jakobson’s model, it is still bound by the assumption that perfect communication can be achieved through the full recovery of contexts. The most thorough and powerful critique of what’s often called the “transmission model” of communication is found in Jacques Derrida’s “Signature Event Context.” Derrida’s critique begins by demonstrating “why a context is never absolutely determinable” (1988a: 3, Signature event context. In Gerald Graff (ed.),Limited inc., Samuel Weber (trans.), 1–23. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press). In place of context, Derrida proposes the notion of “dissemination” in which a text is radically adrift of the conditions of its utterance or reception. At face value, Saussure’s “speech circuit” model represents an early and underdeveloped model of communication. As if often the case, however, a closer reading of theCoursreveals something far more radical and profound. Closer attention to Saussure’s speech circuit model re-opens many questions in communication theory, and in associated fields such as literary theory, cultural studies, and semiotics.
La saisie esthétique, transformation non narrative de la subjectivité
Authors: Marrone Gianfranco
Published: June 2017

Post-Greimassian semiotics has worked toward a return to phenomenology, with the aim of studying the sensorial dimension and the body. Most of this research, however, has all but forgotten Greimas’s last book, De imperfection (1987), in which he proposes an original version of Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy with the notion of the aesthetic grasp. I propose to reconsider this almost abandoned notion, both from a theoretical point of view (a new version of the catharsis of philosophical aesthetics) and from the vantage of textual descriptions (the short story “The Naked Bosom” by Italo Calvino and the movie Ratatouille).
Fatal Cervical Spine Injury Following a Bicycle Crash
Authors: Uhrenholt Lars , Boel Lene Warner Thorup , Thomsen Asser Hedegaard
Published: June 2017

Spinal injury following direct loading of the head and neck is a rare sequel of bicycle crashes. Fatal head injuries following bicycle crashes have been described in great detail and safety measures such as bicycle helmets have been developed accordingly. Less frequently, however, potentially severe cervical spine injuries have been described. We present the case of a middle-aged female who sustained an ultimately fatal cervical spine injury following a collision with a car whilst biking wearing a helmet. We discuss the literature regarding the protective effects of bicycle helmets, the relevance to cervical spine injury and legislation on mandatory use of helmets for injury prevention.
Language without narrow syntax
Authors: Nordström Jackie
Published: June 2017

This article argues that there is no narrow syntax, and that the language faculty merely consists of the semantic and phonological components, and linking between these and other systems. It follows as a logical consequence from the latest works of
Equity Returns and Volatilities Before and After the 2007-08 Financial Crisis
Authors: Dedi Lidija , Yavas Burhan Faith
Published: June 2017

This paper investigates the linkages among equity markets of four European countries (Germany, France, Italy, UK) and the USA in terms of market returns and transmission of volatilities. We use daily exchange traded funds (ETF) data from January 2002 to March 2016 and utilize both a Multivariate Autoregressive Moving Average model (MARMA) and a Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity model (GARCH). We divided the data into three separate periods: before the 2007-08 financial crisis, during the crisis and after the crisis. The results show the existence of significant co-movement of returns in all three selected periods although some important differences before and after the financial crisis are noted. Findings also include marked increases in integration of the markets and thus diminishing diversification opportunities for investors. Volatilities appear to react strongly to market movements and their shocks fade away slowly in all five countries during the crisis period. There is also strong evidence of volatility spillovers particularly during and after the crisis periods.
Verstehen lernen
Authors: Weiß Thomas , Aslan Ednan , Shafey Ahmed Al , Ebrahim Ranja , Karagedik Ulvi , Musafi Nadire , Joldo-Salkic Minela
Published: June 2017

Ausgehend von islamisch-theologischen Grundsatzfragen werden Möglichkeiten und Grenzen eines islamischen Religionsunterrichts im österreichischen Kontext erforscht. Begleitet wird diese Forschung in evangelischer Perspektive. Der Beitrag gibt Einblicke in den jeweiligen Forschungsstand.
Projekt: Osteuropäisches Religionsbuch
Authors: Reiher Dieter
Published: June 2017

Der Artikel beschreibt die Voraussetzungen, den Prozess und das Ergebnis der internationalen Entwicklung eines gemeinsamen Schulbuchs für den Religionsunterricht. Hierbei bezieht der Artikel sich auf Erfahrungen und Protokollnotizen aus dem Schulbuchprojekt Miteinander feiern – voneinander Wissen. Feste im Kirchenjahr. In diesem Projekt arbeiteten VertreterInnen aus zahlreichen europäischen Ländern gemeinsam an einem Schulbuch, welches im Zeitraum von 2007 bis 2010 in vier verschiedenen Sprachen publiziert wurde. Im Artikel werden Probleme, aber auch Potenziale einer ökumenischen Zusammenarbeit im Bereich der Schulbuchproduktion aufgezeigt und potenzielle Anknüpfungsmöglichkeiten für weitere Projekte offengelegt.
Les périphrases verbales « venir a/llegar a + VINF » et leur rôle en discours : une approche dialogique
Authors: Lhafi Sandra
Published: June 2017

Based on the « dialogisme » theory developed by Jacques Bres, this paper focuses on the pragmatic effects produced by the use of Spanish verbal periphrases, particularly by the use of « llegar a + infinitive » versus « venir a + infinitive ». It also takes into consideration the characteristics of each auxiliary within the respective periphrasis. With the ongoing process of grammaticalization leading to periphrases, some spatial semantic elements are retained by the auxiliary and the preposition a, which contribute to the utterance-construction. In fact, the respective auxiliary operates as an indicator of the type of relations between the major utterance (E) and the minor ones (e) convoked by the major utterer E1. The analysis of over a thousand authentic examples taken from two corpora of the database Sketch Engine, as well as the classification of the verbs preferably appearing in the infinitive position allows a more precise description of both periphrases. By restricting the analysis to one « shared » infinitive verb (decir), we focus on different pragmatic effects, showing that « venir a + decir » and « llegar a + decir » involve a different type of argumentation. By choosing llegar, E1 indicates that it rejects the minor utterer e1 without providing any rational arguments ; by choosing venir, (a) E1 indicates that it rejects one anterior (e) – effectively produced by e1 – and introduced by « venir a decir » or (b) E1 mentions it rejects a series of minor utterances by providing an exaggerated synthesis the verbal periphrasis introduces. It is a synthesis built by E1 but presented as summarizing a series of minor utterances (e) attributed to e1 utterer. The aim is to dismiss the other’s statements by summarizing them in a magnifying trait synthesis.
Un’epistola in versi di Raimon de Cornet contro la decadenza morale del clero
Authors: Cura Curà Giulio
Published: June 2017

In two of his letras Raimon de Cornet offers a vivid satirical description of the worldly-minded life of clergy, proposing moral and educational purposes. Particularly, in A sels que vol, here published, the author satirizes prelates. The new critical edition has represented the opportunity for a thorough examination of this work: the author, even though he maintains his own originality, shows his indebtedness to previous century’s Provençal literature – both in subjects and in form, of which we propose, here for the first time, a critically based analysis –, but also to medieval Latin tradition.
En los albores de un cambio lingüístico: factores condicionantes y fases en la inserción del artículo en relativas oblicuas del siglo XVIII
Authors: Blas Arroyo José Luis , Vellón Lahoz Javier
Published: June 2017

Based on a corpus of ego-documents (mainly private letters) from the 18th century, we offer the results of a variationist analysis about the insertion of the article in relative clauses headed by preposition («la casa en (la) que...»). The data show that, despite the remarkable vitality that still enjoys the form without the article (almost categorical in the Golden Age Spanish), several contexts begin to favor the diffusion of the innovative variant in that seminal period. As usual in early stages of language change, the explanatory hierarchy begins with structural factors, several among which are selected as significant by the regression analysis. Nevertheless, the selection of time as well as some distributions in the social and stylistic axes of variation allow us to guess the existence of various phases in this incipient change. The first one, developed throughout the first half of the century, is set up as a spontaneous change from below, at the request of the subaltern classes, the younger people, and the most spontaneous contexts. However, towards the end of the century, this change seems to have been stabilized and even reversed in some way, driven now by the privileged classes, who favor the return to the old variant.
Un análisis contrastivo de los vocativos en español y en alemán
Authors: Siebold Kathrin , Larreta Zulategui Juan Pablo
Published: June 2017

Vocatives play an important role for establishing and maintaining social contacts in human communication. Given the functional and formal diversity in their culture-specific realisation, this study, based on two spoken corpora of everyday conversations in Spanish and German, compares the use of different types of vocatives in these two languages, especially from a pragmatic and sociolinguistic point of view. Firstly, we present a brief review on the communicative functions of vocatives and describe the tertium comparationis, the methodology and the corpora used for this study. Then, we compare the frequency of Spanish and German vocatives in different conversational settings. What emerges is greater tendency to use vocatives in the Spanish data, especially for reinforcing social contact within the conversations. As far as the variation of vocative-forms is concerned, this contrastive analysis reveals different pragmatic and sociolinguistic functions of last-name-vocatives, endearment-terms and the use of the pronouns tú and du, whereas both languages share the proclivity to recur to vocatives for attenuating face threatening speech acts.
Revisiting the history of Tuscan consonants: the type stùpito ‘stupid’ (< stupĭdu(m))
Authors: Carlucci Alessandro
Published: June 2017

This article fills a gap in the existing descriptions of Italo-Romance diachronic phonology. It does so by offering a geographical and historical account of the emergence of voiceless stops replacing etymological voiced stops in the final syllable of proparoxytones, as in the widespread Tuscan variant stùpito ‘stupid’. Within a broadly-defined Labovian framework, this development is discussed according to two main options: as due to finely-conditioned articulatory processes, typical of the initial stages of regular sound change, or as a case of lexically sporadic, substitutive change. The second option is tentatively favoured, also on the basis of the possible links to another change – the much debated, irregular voicing of intervocalic /p/, /t/ and /k/.
Appunti sulla storia lessicale di caffè
Authors: Schweickard Wolfgang
Published: June 2017

Until the 16th century, the European words for ‘coffeeʼ reflect exclusively the Arabic and Turkish type qahwa / kahve. The first Italian – and at the same time the earliest European – record appears in 1579 (cava) in the Viaggio da Creta in Egitto ed al Sinai of Filippo Pigafetta. From the 17th century onwards, the type It. caffè, Fr. café, Germ. Kaffee, Engl. coffee, which today is predominant all over Europe, begins to make its way. Phonetically, the genesis of the voiceless variants in Western Europe is possible on the basis of both the Turkish and the Arabic model.
The Oxidative Stress Response in Caenorhabditis elegans Requires the GATA Transcription Factor ELT-3 and SKN-1/Nrf2
Authors: Hu Queenie , D’Amora Dayana R , MacNeil Lesley T , Walhout Albertha J M , Kubiseski Terrance J
Published: June 2017

Cellular damage caused by reactive oxygen species is believed to be a major contributor to age-associated diseases. Previously, we characterized the Caenorhabditis elegans Brap2 ortholog (BRAP-2) and found that it is required to prevent larval arrest in response to elevated levels of oxidative stress. Here, we report that C. elegans brap-2 mutants display increased expression of SKN-1-dependent, phase II detoxification enzymes that is dependent on PMK-1 (a p38 MAPK C. elegans ortholog). An RNA-interference screen was conducted using a transcription factor library to identify genes required for increased expression of the SKN-1 target gst-4 in brap-2 mutants. We identified ELT-3, a member of the GATA transcription factor family, as a positive regulator of gst-4p::gfp expression. We found that ELT-3 interacts with SKN-1 to activate gst-4 transcription in vitro and that elt-3 is required for enhanced gst-4 expression in the brap-2(ok1492) mutant in vivo. Furthermore, nematodes overexpressing SKN-1 required ELT-3 for life-span extension. Taken together, these results suggest a model where BRAP-2 acts as negative regulator of SKN-1 through inhibition of p38 MAPK activity, and that the GATA transcription factor ELT-3 is required along with SKN-1 for the phase II detoxification response in C. elegans.
Bolívar y Ataturk. Ataturk y Bolívar.
Authors: Nweihead Kaldone G.
Published: June 2017

Se establece una ecuación para reflexionar sobre dos líderes históricos que se constituyeron en figuras cumbre en los procesos de construcción y liberación de sus patrias.  Se analiza el pensamiento político y militar en contexto histórico, así como al genio y al ser humano.
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk 1881-1938. Biografía y pensamiento
Authors: Necati-Kutlu Mehmet
Published: June 2017

Este ensayo propone un recorrido por la biografía intelectual de Mustafá Kemal, desde sus años de formación hasta convertirse en Ataturk,  "Padre de los turcos" Se analiza su participación como jefe del estado mayor en los grandes retos políticos y militares de su patria y cómo se gestó su participación decisiva en la constitución de la Turquía moderna.
A gain-of-function mutation of STAT1: A novel genetic factor contributing to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
Authors: Eslami Narges , Tavakol Marzieh , Mesdaghi Mehrnaz , Gharegozlou Mohammad , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Puel Anne , Okada Satoshi , Arshi Saba , Bemanian Mohammad Hassan , Fallahpour Morteza , Molatefi Rasool , Seif Farhad , Zoghi Samaneh , Rezaei Nima , Nabavi Mohammad
Published: June 2017

Heterozygous gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) have increasingly been identified as a genetic cause of autosomal-dominant (AD) chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). In this article, we describe a 33-year-old man who experienced chronic refractory candidiasis, recurrent otitis media, and pneumonia resulting in bronchiectasis, severe oral and esophageal candidiases with strictures associated with hypothyroidism and immune hemolytic anemia. His son also suffered from persistent candidiasis, chronic diarrhea, poor weight gain, and pneumonia that resulted in his demise because of sepsis. The immunological workup showed that an inverse CD4/CD8 ratio and serum immunoglobulins were all within normal ranges. The laboratory data revealed failure in response to Candida lymphocyte transformation test. In addition, by Sanger sequencing method, we found a heterozygous mutation, Thr385Met (T385M), located in the DNA-binding domain of STAT1, which was previously shown to be GOF. These findings illustrate the broad and variable clinical phenotype of heterozygous STAT1 GOF mutations. However, more clinical information and phenotype–genotype studies are required to define the clinical phenotype caused by AD STAT1 GOF.
Porous and Nanoporous Semiconductors and Emerging Applications
Authors: Föll Helmut , Carstensen Jürgen , Frey Stefan
Published: June 2017

Pores in single crystalline semiconductors can be produced in a wide range of geometries and morphologies, including the “nano” regime. Porous semiconductors may have properties completely different from the bulk, and metamaterials with e.g. optical properties not encountered in natural materials are emerging. Possible applications of porous semiconductors include various novel sensors, but also more “exotic” uses as, e.g. high explosives or electrodes for micro fuel cells. The paper briefly reviews pore formation (including more applied aspects of large area etching), properties of porous semiconductors and emerging applications.
Synthesis conditions of ordered mesostructured boron nitride prepared from borazinic precursors and CMK-3 carbon template
Authors: Dibandjo Philippe , Bois Laurence , Chassagneux Fernand , Vuillermoz A. , Miele Philippe
Published: June 2017

The preparation of ordered mesoporous boron nitride by using borazinic precursors as boron nitride source (tri(methylamino)borazine (MAB) and tri(chloro)borazine TCB) and a mesoporous carbon CMK-3 as template is reported. A template elimination performed by hydrogenation allows to obtain an organized porous structure. The X-ray diffraction, TEM and pore size analysis show that the structure of the BN molecular sieves synthesized from CMK-3 consists in a 2D regular array of uniform mesopores of 3.4 nm in diameter.