bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic Aspects of Pavement Engineering
Authors: Khroustalev B. M. , Liu Tinguo , Aliakseyeu Yu. H. , Li Zhongyu , Akeliev V. D. , Minchenya V. T.
Published: February 2022

Scientific and practical calculations on the thermal stability of typical automobile road surface (semi-limited objects) with fluctuations in air temperatures, transitions from positive to negative, with actual heat transfer coefficients, thermal conductivity of components, specific mass isobaric heat capacities, material densities, periods of regular fluctuations are presented. The study shows that temperature fluctuations occur in road surfaces, therefore deformations are brought about in them, generating thermal cracks. Thermal deformations include free, proportional to temperature gradients, stressed deformations due to temperature stresses, characterized by linear thermal expansion coefficients. In road materials, physical and mechanical properties change over time: strength, moduli of elastic longitudinal deformations, shear, transverse deformation coefficients. Thus, the temperature of pavement materials depends on the coordinates, time, and thermophysical characteristics of the materials. Thermal engineering calculations have shown that many road surfaces have limited thermal stability; under the influence of relatively small external influences, they are more stable (supercooled water vapor exists for a short time, turning into a liquid, saturated, supersaturated steam into a superheated liquid, this depends on the radiation characteristics of the surfaces, the presence of external disturbances, etc.). Thus, a complex non-stationary thermal regime takes place, when the temperature fields of the coatings, their gradients of temperature potentials, and masses depend on the boundary conditions of the 1st–4th kind. A citation analysis of the data of the Journal Citation Reports of world scientific serial publications has been developed to carry out research on heat and mass transfer in road surface. The analysis shows that in order to improve the reliability and durability of pavements, fundamental studies of both the physical and technical and thermal properties of all components of road construction mixtures are of great importance.
Structure and Organization of Regional Renewable Energy Cluster in Vietnam
Authors: Mancerova T. F. , Tuyet Ngo Anh
Published: February 2022

The regional cluster of renewable energy sources (RES) is an industrial cluster and has the characteristics of the energy industry. Therefore, it needs its own mechanism and structure of formation to ensure integrated development. The paper examines the structure of the regional RES cluster for Vietnam and proposes an apparatus for managing it. Taking into account the experience of other countries, the formation of the structure of the regional RES cluster for the conditions of Vietnam has been substantiated in order to ensure the socio-economic development of the country and its energy system,

built and analyzed in accordance with the actual conditions for the use of renewable energy sources in Vietnam and includes five components: profile and non-profile members of the cluster, suppliers, consumers, competitors. A diagram describing the structure of the cluster is illustrated in detail, the roles of the participants are presented. The organizational and management structures of the regional cluster, which correspond to the specific conditions of Vietnam are considered in the paper. The management structure of the Vietnam regional cluster consists of a senior steering committee, facilitator, project manager and working groups. The responsibilities of the participants in the organizational structure are formulated in such a way as to reflect their role in the work of the regional renewable energy cluster. The structure of a regional RES cluster is able to show the relationship between participants inside and outside of the cluster. The organizational structure of the regional cluster and the strategy for its development are the foundations for building a policy in the field of renewable energy sources in the country.
Manajemen Pengembangan Madrasah yang Unggul dan Kompetitif
Authors: Najib Habibi
Published: February 2022

An abstract should accompany each manuscript; it should be completely self-consistent (i.e., with no figure, table, equation or reference citations), not exceeding 250 words and written as a single paragraph. Abstract should include aims of the research, methodology and findings.

As one of the deep-rooted educational institutions in the community, the madrasa is a manifestation of the Indonesian nation's culture that must be cared for and developed. Because it cannot be denied that this institution has contributed greatly, namely to educate millions of young cadres of this nation without strings attached. Therefore, it is very improper if madrassas are marginalized and accused as the culprits of the nation's decline, and we should be able to prove with good management, we can develop madrassas and make competitive superior madrasas dare to compete with other public schools.

 

Keywords: Management, Development, An Exellent Islamic School.
The Character of The Students in MTs. Al-Mahalli Bantul Yogyakarta (A Comparative Study on Students Staying in Pesantren and Outside Pesantren)
Authors: Anintyawati Riska
Published: February 2022

This research aims to reveal: The comparison of character between students living in pesantren and those living outside pesantren in MTs. Al-Mahalli Bantul, Yogyakarta. This research is a comparative study with the quantitative approach. The population is 276 students of MTs. Al-Mahalli Bantul, Yogyakarta. The research sample was the population. The data on character were collected using questionnaire. The validity testing was conducted by expert judgement and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The reliability was assessed by  Cronbach’s Alpha formula. The data analysis techniques included the descriptive technique, tests of prerequisites analysis, i.e. tests of normality and homogeneity. The hypothesis testing used the independent sample T-test at the significance level of 0,05. The results are as follows. There are several characterdifferences  between students living in pesantren and those living outside pesantren, the result of hypothesis testing shows that the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is accepted (t-arithmetic> t table (7,823> 1,971). There are differences in the average value at each new character between the two groups of students. The religious character value of the students living in pesantren is 3.388, while those living outside pesantren is 3,139. The honest character value of the students living in pesantren is 3,071, while those living outside pesantren is 2,844. The tolerance character value of the students living in pesantren is 3,277, while those living outside pesantren is 3,116. The discipline character value of the students living in pesantren is 3,050, while those living outside pesantren is 2,766. The independent character value of the students living in pesantren is 2,815, while those living outside pesantren is 2,504. The responsible character value of the students living in pesantren is 2,740, while those living outside pesantren is 2,618.

 

Keywords: character; pesantren
Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru Melaksanakan Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Werdiningsih Wilis
Published: February 2022

Abstrak

Masa pandemi yang sampai saat ini masih berlangsung, menuntut guru untuk mampu melaksanakan pembelajaran secara daring. Pembelajaran daring adalah pembelajaran tanpa adanya kegiatan tatap muka, yang dilakukan menggunakan berbagai platform yang tersedia di internet. Kemampuan guru dalam memanfaatkan media teknologi yang ada, sangat berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring ini. Sekolah memiliki tanggung jawab melaksanakan manajemen sumber daya manusia (SDM) dengan baik sebagai upaya memastikan seluruh guru dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran daring menggunakan berbagai platform yang tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji lebih mendalam berkaitan dengan manajemen SDM dalam peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran daring. Metode library research digunakan melalui penggalian informasi dari berbagai literatur terkait dengan pelaksanakaan manajemen SDM di lembaga pendidikan serta upaya peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran daring. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran daring dapat dilakukan melalui pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan pembelajaran daring, pembentukan tim khusus yang fokus membantu guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran daring, serta kegiatan supervisi yang berkelanjutan.

 

Kata Kunci: manajemen SDM, kompetensi guru, pembelajaran daring.
Upaya Komunitas Bringin Muda Bersemi (BMB) Dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Melalui Ahad Literasi Di Desa Bringin Kauman Ponorogo
Authors: Anggraini Nurpitasari  , Muhammad Heriyudanta  , Marjanji  , Galuh Sitaresmi
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya minat baca anak di desa Bringin Kauman Ponorogo. Hal ini disebabkan karena kurangnya kesadaran orang tua akan pentingnya membaca, kebiasaan anak yang lebih memprioritaskan untuk bermain gadget dari pada membaca buku ditambah dengan sekolah yang meliburkan siswa untuk tidak melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas tetapi meminta untuk belajar di rumah selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan eksistensi komunitas Bringin Muda Bersemi (BMB) dalam kegiatan literasi, upaya yang dilakukan dalam meningkatkan literasi, faktor pendukung dan penghambat serta implikasi program ahad literasi bagi anak-anak. Untuk menjawab penelitian diatas peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian data deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Adapun teknik analisis data mengunakan redukasi data, penyajian data, dan pengambilan verifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan kesimpulan adalah eksistensi komunitas Bringin Muda Bersemi (BMB) dalam kegiatan literasi yaitu memberikan fasilitas dengan menyediakan berbagai buku dan tempat yang nyaman untuk kegiatan literasi bagi anak-anak yang berkunjung ke lapak buku. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh Bringin Muda Bersemi (BMB) dalam meningkatkan literasi dengan berbagai program kegiatan sebagai berikut: mengadakan kegiatan yang tidak berhubungan dengan buku, mengadakan penambahan koleksi buku, melakukan pendampingan bimbingan belajar, mengadakan bimbingan belajar. Faktor pendukung berasal dari lingkungan keluarga dan lingkungan luar. Implikasi program ahad literasi bagi anak-anak di desa bringin memberikan dampak positif. Dibuktikan antusias anak mengikuti kegiatan literasi sebelum kegiatan dimulai, mendapatkan pengalaman baru yang sebelumnya belum didapatkan di luar lingkungan sekolah, kebiasaan anak yang awalnya datang untuk bermain tetapi sekarang digunakan untuk membaca walaupun tidak semua anak.

 

Kata Kunci: Komunitas Literasi
Printing spongy all-in-liquid materials
Authors: Bazazi Parisa , Stone Howard , Hejazi S. Hossein
Published: February 2022

rinting structured networks of functionalized droplets in a liquid medium enables engineering collectives of living cells for functional purposes [1, 2], bacterial ecology [3], and promises enormous applications in processes ranging from energy storage [4, 5] to drug delivery [6, 7]and tissue engineering [8]. Current approaches are limited to drop-by-drop printing [1, 2] or face limitations in reproducing the sophisticated internal features of a structured material and its interactions with the surrounding media [6, 9–11]. Here, we report on a simple approach for creating stable liquid filaments of silica nanoparticle dispersions and use them as inks to print all-in-liquid materials that consist of a network of droplets. Silica nanoparticles stabilize liquid filaments at Weber numbers two orders of magnitude smaller than previously reported in liquid-liquid systems by rapidly producing a concentrated microemulsion zone at the oil-water interface. We experimentally demonstrate that the printed aqueous phase is emulsified in-situ; consequently, a 3D structure is achieved with flexible walls consisting of layered microemulsions. The tube-like printed features have a spongy texture resembling miniaturized versions of “tube sponges” found in the oceans. A scaling analysis based on the interplay between hydro-dynamics and emulsification kinetics reveals that liquid filaments are formed when emulsions are generated and remain at the interface during the printing period. We demonstrate the utilization of filaments of the nanoparticle dispersions for printing fluidic channels and propose to use them as lab-on-a-chip devices.
Resilience among undergraduate nursing students: Findings of the first cross-sectional study in Palestine
Authors: Alkaissi A , Said N.B , Qadous Sh , AlMahmoud O , AlKony M
Published: February 2022

Background
Resilience has emerged as a concept that could explain and predict good academic and well-being of students in stressful and traumatic situations. This study was conducted to assess resilience and identify predictors of high resilience scores among nursing students in Palestine.
Methods
This cross-sectional study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement. Undergraduate nursing students in all academic years were recruited and asked to complete a questionnaire the contained the trait and state resilience scales.
Results
In this study, 290 students completed the questionnaire (response rate = 92.4%). The mean combined resilience score was 134.1 (SD: 12.8). Higher combined resilience scores were predicted by being in first academic year (p-value < 0.003), living in Israeli seized areas (p-value < 0.044), absence of chronic diseases (p-value = 0.035), experiencing addiction issues (p-value = 0.031), living in a house with enough number of rooms per siblings (p-value = 0.015), and having a study routine on daily basis (p-value < 0.001).
Conclusions
Undergraduate nursing students in Palestine reported relatively high trait and state resilience. Higher resilience scores were predicted by favorable living and study conditions. More studies are still needed to investigate the relationship between resilience scores, perceived well-being, willingness to care, and future success of nursing students in Palestine.
Administration of Casirivimab and Imdevimab for Patient Undergoing Hemodialysis with Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Shimamura Yoshinosuke , Maeda Takuto , Moniwa Norihihito , Takizawa Hideki
Published: February 2022

The neutralizing monoclonal antibody combination of casirivimab and imdevimab (REGEN-COV) has been reported to reduce viral load, hospitalization, and death among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, cases of patients undergoing hemodialysis who are treated with REGEN-COV are rare. A 37-year-old Japanese patient undergoing hemodialysis presented with fever and was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia. The patient had end-stage kidney disease due to diabetic nephropathy and was administered a single dose of REGEN-COV. The patient’s symptoms rapidly resolved and was discharged without complications. Our case demonstrates the effectiveness of REGEN-COV as a treatment for patients with mild COVID-19 undergoing hemodialysis.
Fabrication of Cerium Titanate Cellulose Fiber Nanocomposite Materials for the Removal of Methyl Orange and Methylene Blue from Polluted Water by Photocatalytic Degradation
Authors: kotp yousra
Published: February 2022

Green synthesis is anenvironmentally responsible, simple, and emerging approach to nanoparticle synthesis (NPs) and currently attracts researchersworldwide. In this study, a novel (cerium titanate (Ce-Ti) and cellulose fiber (Cf) nanocomposite photocatalyst) was successfully fabricated using a crosslinking reaction between cellulose fiber (Cf) and a different molar ratio of cerium titanate (Ce-Ti) nanoparticles. The Cf and Ce-Ti NPs were prepared from sunflower seed husk and its extract, respectively, through a green biosynthesis approach.Using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDX), all fabricated nanocomposites were characterized. Results obtained from the FT-IR and EDX analyses indicated that Cf, and its composites (0.1 Ce-Ti/Cf, 0.3 Ce-Ti/Cf, and 0.5 Ce-Ti/Cf) were prepared successfully using harnessing the biomass filtrate of sunflower seed husk.Furthermore, XRD revealed that/ the degree of crystallinity of the nanocomposites increased with the increasing molar ratios of the Ce-Ti NPs. Additionally,the photocatalytic activity of 0.1 Ce-Ti/Cf, 0.3 Ce-Ti/Cf, and 0.5 Ce-Ti/Cf nanocomposite samples in the presence and absence of hydrogen peroxide were accomplished for methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange(MO) dyes. In addition, high photodegradation efficiency was obtained by increasing the ratio of TiO2 in Ce-Ti in the nanocomposite formula; the % degradation of methylene blue dye (MB) and methyl orange (MO) using 0.5 Ce-Ti/Cf nanocomposite photocatalyst in the absence of hydrogen peroxide was 95.4 and 92.7% after 300 min, respectively. Nevertheless, with hydrogen peroxide, the % degradation was 98.9% and 94% after 120 min, respectively, after sunlight irradiation. Therefore, 0.1 Ce-Ti/Cf, 0.3 Ce-Ti/Cf, and 0.5 Ce-Ti/Cf nanocomposite photocatalyst can be viewed as a promising material for dye wastewater treatment because of its good photocatalytic activity. Moreover, the fabricated nanocomposite photocatalyst acts as a promising applicant in treating wastewater collected from Egypt.
Children’s Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Associated Factors: Multi-center Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gemechu Getahun B. , Habtamu J , Zarihun K
Published: February 2022

Background- Suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy will lead to drug resistance, treatment failure, clinical deterioration, death and failure to thrive in children. Studies conducted among children below 15 years old were limited in Ethiopia in general and in the study area in particular. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the status of children’s adherence to ART and associated factors in the study area. Methods- We conducted a facility-based cross-sectional study by including 282 children <15 year who received anti-retroviral therapy for at least one month. All children/caregivers who were attending the ART clinic during the data collection period were consecutively recruited for the study. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed. Result- Out of 282 caregivers included with their children, 226 (80.2%) were females (mean age= 38.6 and SD = 12.35), and out of the total children, half (50%) were female and 246 (87.2%) were between the ages 5–14 years (mean age= 8.5 and SD = 2.64). Two hundred forty six (87.2%) children had an adherence status of ≥95% in the month prior to the interview. Children whose caregivers were residing in urban areas were 3.3 (95% CI: 1.17, 9.63) times more adherent to ART than those whose caregivers were residing in rural areas. Children whose caregivers were biological parents were 2.37(95% CI: 1.59, 3.3) times more adherent than those whose caregivers were non-biological parents. Additionally, children of caregivers who were knowledgeable about ART treatment, were 4.5(95% CI: 1.79, 9.8) times more adherent to ART than their counterparts.Conclusion and recommendation- The adherence status of children in our study area was comparable. Being biological caregivers, residing in urban areas and knowledgeable about ART treatment facilitate adherence to ART. Ongoing education about treatment and further study with multiple adherence assessment methods were recommended.
Spatial Effects of Green Technology Innovation on Provincial Environmental Pollution in China
Authors: Guo Lingjun , Xu Yi , Tan Wenyu
Published: February 2022

In order to promote regional environmental pollution control, this paper takes China's provinces as a research perspective, 2008-2019 as the time dimension, based on the entropy method to measure China's provincial environmental pollution comprehensive indicators, and introduces models such as panels, thresholds and mediation effects to focus on the relationship between technological innovation and environmental pollution,the research has found that: (1) Green technological innovation has direct suppression effects on China's provincial environmental pollution; (2) Green technological innovation has the threshold effect of marketization and R&D investment in the process of restraining environmental pollution; (3) Industrial structure upgrading and energy consumption structure play an mediation effect in the process of green production technology innovation to suppress environmental pollution, but the mediation effect still has a long way to go; (4) After considering endogenous issues , the path of green technological innovation to restrain environmental pollution is still significant. The research conclusions can provide a reference for constructing a scientific and reasonable environmental pollution control path in accordance with local conditions in China's provinces.
Developing a facile g-C3N4 coated stainless steel mesh with different superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic and superoleophilic behavior for oil-water separation
Authors: Mir Sonia , Naderifar Abbas , Rashidi Alimorad , Alaei Mahshad
Published: February 2022

There is an increasing demand for the development of inexpensive and effective approaches for the oil–water separation due to the global concern in oil industries. The present study was conducted to fabricate graphitic carbon nitride/thermoplastic polyurethane (g-C3N4/TPU) coated stainless steel meshes via the dip-coating method to investigate the capability of g-C3N4 nanosheets (CN-NS) in oil-water separation. CN-NS was synthesized using the polycondensation process followed by exfoliation with Hummer’s method. We studied the effect of TPU and CN-NS concentration on wettability behavior to obtain an optimized coating solution. CN-NS coated mesh showed superoleophilic/hydrophobic behavior at CN-NS:TPU ratio of 50:50 and it efficiently passed oil from the emulsified water-in-oil mixture (with 50%wt. oil) with the efficiency of 99%. The wettability behavior of superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic was also obtained at CN-NS:TPU ratio of 80:20 and it was able to separate water from the emulsified water-in-oil mixture with the efficiency of 79% under gravity. Both filters were able to separate free water and oil mixtures with flux and efficiency of 6114 L.m−2.h−1 and ~99.99%, respectively. The mechanism of wettability behavior of the coating is mainly related to the functional groups on the edge of g-C3N4-NS, thus increasing the hydrophilic properties of the surface. In addition, the micro-nano hierarchical structure of the surface coating improves its roughness due to the presence of CN-NS, which is effectively embedded into the hydrophilic TPU. More importantly, commercially available TPU chemical and simple fabrication of g-C3N4 from an inexpensive precursor, make the method reported herein as a significant alternative for large-scale application.
Clinical Characteristics, Radiological Features, And Disease Severity Of Bronchiectasis According To The Spirometric Pattern
Authors: Kim Sun-Hyung , Yang Bumhee , Yoo Jin Young , Cho Jun Yeun , Kang Hyeran , Shin Yoon Mi , Kim Eung-Gook , Lee Ki Man , Choe Kang Hyeon
Published: February 2022

Bronchiectasis show various ventilatory disorders in pulmonary function. The characteristics and severity of patients with bronchiectasis according to these pulmonary dysfunctions are still very limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, radiologic feature and the disease severity of patients with bronchiectasis according to spirometric patterns. We retrospectively evaluated 506 patients with bronchiectasis who underwent pulmonary lung function test (PFT) at a referral hospital between 2014 to 2021. Cylindrical type was the most common (70.8%) type of bronchiectasis on chest CT, and 70% of patients had bilateral lung involvement. Of the 506 patients, Obstructive ventilatory disorder was the most common (51.6%), followed by normal ventilation (30%) and restrictive ventilatory disorder (18.4%). mMRC was highest in patients with obstructive ventilatory disorders, Modified Reiff score (6 (3-10), P < 0.001), FACED score (3 (1-4), P < 0.001), and BSI score (8 (5-11), P < 0.001) also showed significantly highest values of obstructive ventilatory disorder rather than restrictive ventilatory disorder and normal ventilation. More than half of patients with bronchiectasis had obstructive ventilatory disorder. Bronchiectasis with obstructive ventilatory disorders has more dyspnea symptom, more disease severity and more radiologic severity. There was no significant association between spirometric pattern and radiologic type, but the more severe the radiologic severity, the more severe the lung function impairment.
Panorama of intimate partner violence against women in Brazil and its association with self-perception of health: findings from a national representative survey
Authors: Signorelli Marcos , de Souza Felipe Granado , Junior Raimundo V. B. Pinheiro , Valente Juliana , Andreoni Solange , Rezende Leandro F. M. , Sanchez Zila Van Der Meer
Published: February 2022

Objective: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and its subtypes against adult women in Brazil, as well as their health consequences, and the use of health services resulting from IPV. We also investigated the association of IPV with self-perceived health in victimized women. Methods: Cross-sectional study including 34,334 women aged 18 to 59 years from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey. For the analyses, the prevalence of IPV and its types in the last 12 months, health consequences, and use of health services by these women were calculated. Logistic regression models were performed to estimate the association of sociodemographic characteristics and self-perceived health status with IPV. Results: The prevalence of IPV against Brazilian adult women in the last twelve months was 7.6% (95% CI: [7.0; 8.2]). Women aged 18 to 39 years, living with a partner, single or divorced, with complete high school or incomplete higher education and income of up to 1 minimum wage, had higher odds of suffer IPV. As health consequences, approximately 69% of the women who suffered IPV reported psychological consequences. Among those who reported health consequences, 13.9% sought health care, mainly in primary or secondary health care in the Brazilian Public Unified Health System (SUS) (41.9%). Regarding the self-perceived health variables, women who reported eating problems (OR=1.29; 95% CI [1.01; 1.65]), lack of interest/absence of pleasure (OR=1.41; 95% CI [1.11; 1.79]), depressive feeling (OR=1.39; 95% CI [1.03; 1.88]), feeling of failure (OR=1.75; 95% CI [1.36; 2.24]) and suicidal thinking (OR=1.73; 95% CI [1.25; 2.41]) had greater odds of reporting IPV, when compared to those who did not report these same perceptions. Conclusion: The results show that younger, divorced or single, low-income women with eating and mental health problems were more likely to suffer IPV. IPV often led to health problems, and many abused women sought support from public health services due to IPV. Therefore, health professionals must be trained to identify and care for these women, thereby acting as allies in preventing and reducing violence against women in Brazil.
Quercetin relieves ferroptosis and M1 polarization in neutrophilic asthmatic mouse model
Authors: Wang Yang , Wan Rongjun , Peng Wang , Li Yuanyuan , Zhao Xincheng , Bai Wenxuan , Chen Qiong , Hu Chengping
Published: February 2022

Background
Ferroptosis is a kind of regulated cell death, widely involved in lung diseases, including asthma. Macrophages are vital regulators in ferroptosis, and ferroptosis could promote M1 macrophage polarization. Quercetin (QCT), a kind of natural dietary flavonoid, could be an alternative treatment for ferroptosis and asthma. However, whether QCT could reduce ferroptosis in neutrophilic asthma (NA) remains to be described.
Materials:
A NA model was conducted to investigate the therapeutic function of QCT and ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1, ferroptosis inhibitor). Macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 cell, was stimulated with LPS and QCT, Fer-1. The cell viability, inflammatory cytokines, were measured in all groups. The mitochondria morphological changes, malonaldehyde (MDA) levels and ferroptosis pathway proteins were also detected.
Results
In our study, QCT restored mitochondrial morphologic changes of lung tissues by reducing MDA level and increasing ferroptosis anti-oxidant markers proteins level (SLC7A11 and GPX4) in NA mouse model. In vitro experiment, QCT reduced macrophage ferroptosis, through upregulating cell viability and proteins level (SLC7A11 and GPX4), and reducing MDA level. Furthermore, we investigated that Fer-1 could inhibit M1 polarization, suggesting ferroptosis could promote M1 polarization. And QCT could inhibit M1 macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo, just as Fer-1 did.
Conclusion
Our study first indicated that ferroptosis occurred in NA, and first demonstrated QCT could be a promising ferroptosis inhibitor in NA treatment. Besides, ferroptosis occurred in M1 macrophages phenotypes, and QCT could inhibit the M1 macrophage polarization, as Fer-1 did.
Agricultural Drought Disaster Risk Assessment in Shandong, China
Authors: Yang Wentong , Zhang Liyuan , Liang Chunlei
Published: February 2022

Shandong Province, the main grain-producing area in China, has ranked first in China in terms of total agricultural output value for many years. However, droughts with high frequency and long duration have been hindering local agricultural production. This paper aims to assess the risk of drought disaster in Shandong Province. Based on the natural disaster system theory, an agricultural drought disaster risk assessment model is developed. This model is applied to assess the agricultural drought hazard, exposure, vulnerability, emergency response and recovery capability, and comprehensive agricultural drought disaster risk year by year from 2012 to 2019. The results show that: (1) There is an aridity trend in Shandong Province. The interannual variation of drought hazard is obvious, and the areas with high drought hazard levels are largely located in the eastern part. (2) Agricultural exposure and vulnerability are mainly concentrated in the western part of Shandong Province. With the decrease in the proportion of the rural population, there is a slight downward trend of agricultural exposure. (3) The interannual variation of emergency response and recovery capability in Shandong Province is relatively stable. Agricultural insurance premiums in all regions have a clear upward trend, which is helpful for disaster risk reduction. (4) Rizhao has been in a high-risk area, moreover, Binzhou, Dezhou, and Liaocheng have gradually become high-risk areas in recent years. The interannual variation characteristics and spatial zoning of agricultural drought risk are explored, it is instructive for risk decision-makers to better develop drought response measures and improve drought resilience.
Anesthesiology Trainees Performing Flexible Scope Intubation in Patients in the Left Lateral Position and the Supine Position: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: Charoenkoop Poonyanuch , Luetrakool Punchika , Puttapornpattana Tipanan , Sangdee Nakkanan
Published: February 2022

Background: Flexible scope intubation is an important airway management skill that requires hands-on training in a real airway. We compared flexible scope intubation by trainees between patients in the left lateral and supine positions.Methods: Forty patients aged 20 to 80 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to III were scheduled for elective surgery under general endotracheal anesthesia in Ramathibodi Hospital from February 2020 to June 2020. Patients were randomly assigned to be intubated in one of two positions: supine (group S) or left lateral (group L). Trainees performed flexible scope intubation in sedated patients under the supervision of an attending anesthesiologist. Intubation success, time to successful intubation, number of attempts, airway adjustment maneuvers, and hemodynamic changes were compared between groups.Results: Patient characteristics did not differ between groups except for Mallampati airway classification. The rate of successful intubation on the first attempt and intubation time did not significantly differ between groups. The proportion of patients who required a jaw thrust during intubation was significantly lower in group L (10.5% vs. 85%; P <0.01). Blood pressure and oxygen saturation declined in both groups after intubation. Relative risk of desaturation in the left lateral position compared with the supine position was 0.44 (0.1649–1.1978). Conclusion: The rate of successful flexible scope intubation on the first attempt and intubation time did not differ between both groups. The proportion of patients who required a jaw thrust maneuver was significantly lower in patients in the left lateral position. Trial registration: https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/ (TCTR20200208001) on 08/02/2020.
Prediction Modeling of Mental Well-Being Using Health Behavior Data of College Students
Authors: Rahman Hanif Abdul , Kwicklis Madeline , Ottom Mohammad , Amornsriwatanakul Areekul , Abdul-Mumin Khadizah H. , Rosenberg Michael , Dinov Ivo D.
Published: February 2022

Background: Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, the importance of timely and effective assessment of mental well-being has increased dramatically. Due to heightened risks for developing mental illness, this trend is likely to continue during the post-pandemic period. Machine learning (ML) algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques can be harnessed for early detection, prognostication and prediction of negative psychological well-being states.Objective: Studies using machine learning classification of mental well-being are scarce in Asian populations. This investigation aims to develop reliable machine learning classifiers based on health behavior indicators applicable to university students in South-East Asia.Methods: Using data from a large, multi-site cross-sectional survey, this research work models mental well-being and reports on the performance of various machine learning algorithms, such as generalized linear models, k-nearest neighbor, naïve-Bayes, neural networks, random forest, recursive partitioning, bagging, and boosting. Prediction models were evaluated using various metrics such as accuracy, error rate, kappa, sensitivity, specificity, Area Under the recursive operating characteristic Curve (AUC), and Gini Index.Results: Random forest and adaptive boosting algorithms achieved the highest accuracy of identifying negative mental well-being traits. The top five most salient features associated with predicting poor mental well-being include body mass index, number of sports activities per week, grade point average (GPA), sedentary hours, and age.Conclusions: Based on the reported results, several specific recommendations and suggested future work are discussed. These findings may be useful to provide cost-effective support and modernize mental well-being assessment and monitoring at the individual and university level.
The Rationale For Treating Uveal Melanoma With Adjuvant Melatonin: A Review of The Literature
Authors: Hagström Anna , Omar Ruba Kal , Williams Pete A. , Stålhammar Gustav
Published: February 2022

Background: Uveal melanoma is a rare form of cancer with high mortality. The incidence of metastases is attributed to early seeding of micrometastases from the eye to distant organs, primarily the liver. Once these seeded clusters of dormant tumor cells grow into larger radiologically detectable macrometastases, median patient survival is less than a year. Melatonin is an important hormone for synchronizing circadian rhythms. It is also involved in other aspects of human physiology and may offer therapeutic benefits for a variety of diseases including cancer. Methods: Articles involving the physiological effects of melatonin, pharmacokinetics, and previous use in cancer studies were acquired using a comprehensive literature search in the Medline (PubMed) and Web of Science databases. In total, 147 publications were selected and included in the review.Results: Melatonin has been observed to suppress the growth of cancer cells, inhibit metastatic spread, enhance immune system functions, and act as an anti-inflammatory in both in vitro and in vivo models. Melatonin may also enhance the efficacy of cancer treatments such as immuno- and chemotherapy. Numerous studies have shown promising results for oral melatonin supplementation in patients with other forms of cancer including cutaneous malignant melanoma. Cell line and animal studies support a hypothesis in which similar benefits may exist for uveal melanoma. Conclusions: Given its low cost, good safety profile, and limited side effects, there may be potential for the use of melatonin as an oncostatic treatment. Future avenues of research could include clinical trials to evaluate the effect of melatonin in prevention of macrometastases of uveal melanoma.
MicrobiotaProcess: A comprehensive R package for managing and analyzing microbiome and other ecological data within the tidy framework
Authors: Xu Shuangbin , Li Zhan , Tang Wenli , Dai Zehan , Zhou Lang , Feng Tingze , Chen Meijun , Liu Shanshan , Fu Xiaocong , Wu Tianzhi , Hu Erqiang , Yu Guangchuang
Published: February 2022

The data output from microbiome research is growing at an accelerating rate, yet mining the data quickly and efficiently remains difficult. There is still a lack of effective data structure to represent and manage data, as well as flexible and composable analysis methods. In response to these two issues, we designed and developed the MicrobiotaProcess package. It provides a comprehensive data structure, MPSE, to better integrate the primary and intermediate data, which improves the integration and exploration of the downstream data. Around this data structure, the downstream analysis tasks are decomposed and a set of functions are designed under the tidy framework. These functions independently perform simple tasks and can be combined to perform complex tasks. This gives users the ability to explore data, conduct personalized analysis and develop analysis workflows. Moreover, MicrobiotaProcess can interoperate with other packages in the R community, which further expands its analytical capabilities. This article demonstrates the MicrobiotaProcess for analyzing microbiome data as well as other ecological data through several examples. It connects upstream data, provides flexible downstream analysis components, and provides visualization methods to assist in presenting and interpreting results.
A Fluorescent Photoimmunoconjugate For Imaging of Cholesteatoma
Authors: Early Samuel , Saad M. Ahsan , Mallidi Srivalleesha , Mansour Amer , Seist Richard , Hasan Tayyaba , Stankovic Konstantina M.
Published: February 2022

Cholesteatoma is a potentially serious complication of chronic ear infections and requires surgical intervention for definitive management. Long-term complications include a frequent need for repeat surgical intervention for disease recurrence, and techniques to improve efficacy of single-stage surgery are an important area of continued research. This study investigates a novel application of the photosensitizer immune conjugate (PIC) cetuximab-benzoporphyrin derivative (Cet-BPD) for in vitro localization of human cholesteatoma tissue, coupled with an in vivo safety study for middle ear application of Cet-BPD in a murine model. In fresh human cholesteatoma tissues, Cet-BPD demonstrates selective localization to the hyperplastic squamous cell tissue associated with cholesteatoma, without localizing to other tissues such as middle ear mucosa. Applied to the murine middle ear, Cet-BPD does not demonstrate any deleterious effect on murine hearing when assessed by any of auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds, distortion product otoacoustic emission thresholds, or ABR wave I amplitudes. These findings demonstrate the technical promise and encouraging safety profile for the use of PICs for intraoperative localization and treatment of cholesteatoma.
A Model for Network-Based Identification and Pharmacological Targeting of Aberrant, Replication-Permissive Transcriptional Programs Induced by Viral Infection
Authors: Laise Pasquale , Stanifer Megan , Bosker Gideon , Sun Xiaoyun , Triana Sergio , Doldan Patricio , Manna Federico La , De Menna Marta , Realubit Ronald , Pampou Sergey , Karan Charles , Alexandrov Theodore , Julio Marianna Kruithof-de , Califano Andrea , Boulant Steeve , Alvarez Mariano
Published: February 2022

Precise characterization and targeting of host cell transcriptional machinery hijacked by viral infection remains challenging. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 hijacks the host cell transcriptional machinery to induce a phenotypic state amenable to its replication. Specifically, analysis of Master Regulator (MR) proteins representing mechanistic determinants of the gene expression signature induced by SARS-CoV-2 in infected cells revealed coordinated inactivation of MRs enriched in physical interactions with SARS-CoV-2 proteins, suggesting their mechanistic role in maintaining a host cell state refractory to virus replication. To test their functional relevance, we measured SARS-CoV-2 replication in epithelial cells treated with drugs predicted to activate the entire repertoire of repressed MRs, based on their experimentally elucidated, context-specific mechanism of action. Overall, >80% of drugs predicted to be effective by this methodology induced significant reduction of SARS-CoV-2 replication, without affecting cell viability. This model for host-directed pharmacological therapy is fully generalizable and can be deployed to identify drugs targeting host cell-based MR signatures induced by virtually any pathogen.
MR Imaging Phenotypes and Features Associated with Pathogenic Mutation to Predict Recurrence or Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Authors: lu hong , shao zhenzhen , yu jinpu , cheng yanan , ma wenjuan , liu peifang
Published: February 2022

Objectives: To develop a multiple-feature model using clinico-pathological and radiologic characteristics adding pathogenic mutations associated signs for predicting recurrence or metastasis in breast cancers at high familial risk women.Methods: Genetic testing for breast-related gene mutations was performed in 54 patients with breast cancers. Breast MRI findings were retrospectively evaluated in 64 tumors of 54 patients. The relationship between pathogenic mutation and clinico-pathological and radiologic features was examined, and disease recurrence or metastasis was estimated. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent factors of pathogenic mutation and disease recurrence or metastasis. Based on the above significant factors, a multivariate logistic regression was adopted to establish two models for predicting disease recurrence or metastasis in breast cancer by using R software.Results: On the 64 breast cancers, the patients on 17 cancers have pathogenic mutation，and no pathogenic mutation on 47 cancers. The clinico-pathogenic and radiologic features associated with pathogenic mutation included six signs: biologic features (p=0.000), nuclear grade (p=0.045), breast density (p=0.005), MRI lesion type (p=0.000), internal enhancement pattern (p=0.004), and spiculated margin (p=0.049). Necrosis within the tumors was only feature associated with increased disease recurrence or metastasis (p=0.006). The modelⅠincluding clinico-pathologic and radiologic factors showed good discrimination in predicting disease recurrence or metastasis. The comprehensive modelⅡ including modelⅠcombined pathogenic mutations significantly associated signs is more effective.Conclusions: The multiple-feature model in addition to pathogenic mutations associated parameters can more effective in predicting disease recurrence or metastasis.
Epstein-Barr virus-driven B cell lymphoma mediated by a unique LMP1-TRAF6 complex
Authors: Giehler Fabian , Ostertag Michael , Sommermann Thomas , Weidl Daniel , Sterz Kai , Kutz Helmut , Feller Stephan , Geerlof Arie , Biesinger Brigitte , Popowicz Grzegorz , Kirchmair Johannes , Kieser Arnd
Published: February 2022

The latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) drives viral B cell transformation and oncogenesis. LMP1's transforming activity depends on its cytoplasmic C-terminal activation region 2 (CTAR2), which induces NF-κB and JNK by engaging TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). The mechanism of TRAF6 interaction with LMP1 and its critical role for LMP1 signaling has remained elusive. Here we demonstrate that TRAF6 interacts directly with a novel viral TRAF6 binding motif within CTAR2. Structural modeling supported by NMR and functional studies provides insight into the molecular architecture of the LMP1-TRAF6 complex and reveals substantial differences to CD40-TRAF6 interaction. The direct recruitment of TRAF6 to LMP1 is essential for NF-κB activation and survival of LMP1-driven B cell lymphoma. Disruption of the LMP1-TRAF6 complex by inhibitory peptides interferes with proliferation of EBV-transformed B cells. We identify LMP1-TRAF6 as critical virus-host interface and validate this interaction as novel therapeutic target against EBV.
Preparation of Chitosan-Carbon Nanotubes Decorated with ZnO@laccase:
Application in the Removal of Bisphenol A from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Ahari Shabnam Maali , Tabatabaei Zohreh Ghazi
Published: February 2022

Bioremediation with immobilized enzymes has been established as the leading method for restoring contaminated ecosystems using biological tools on a global scale. The purpose of this work is to immobilize the laccase enzyme to enhance the biocatalyst′s ability to remove bisphenol A. Initially, the nanocatalyst was prepared by immobilizing laccase on chitosan using carbon nanotubes decorated with zinc oxide. Subseuentally, Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (FESEM and TEM respectively), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and dot mapping were employed to characterize the prepared nanocomposites. Furthermore, laccase activity, immobilization yield (%), thermal and storage stability and reusability of laccase immobilized on chitosan-coated CNTs/ZnO nanocomposites were measured. Finally, the performance CS-CNTs/ZnO@laccase nano biocatalyst in different operational conditions (initial concentration of bisphenol A, amount of nano biocatalyst, pH, and irradiation time) on the photodegradation process of bisphenol A was investigated and optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM)-central composite design (CCD) model. The RSM design and experiments demonstrated that 94.51% of BPA was removed under optimal conditions (initial BPA concentration of 100 mg L-1, nano biocatalyst amount of 1 g L−1, pH=9, and 40 min of contact exposure). Laccase was a critical factor in this process, and after five recycles, immobilized laccase retained 61% of its original activity, indicating that the nano biocatalyst can be used in purification processes as a durable and robust catalyst.