bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF FoCT TRAINING ON ADOPTION OF COCONUT TREE CLIMBING DEVICE FOR HARVESTING COCONUTS
Authors:   Assam Agricultural University, Deka Chittaranjan , Nath Lipika ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Barpeta, Saikia Kishore ,   Assam Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important and versatile tree crop with diverse uses, supporting the livelihood of many farm families in the primary sector, grown in many states of India. Coconuts are known for their great versatility as evidenced by many traditional uses ranging from food to cosmetics. Assamese people prepare different types of edible items from coconut fruit in many festivals. Now, the majority of the coconut growers in Assam were facing the problems of shortage of skilled labour for nut harvesting. The traditional method of harvesting the nuts is quite risky and accident-prone. To overcome this problem, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Barpeta, Assam conducted training for unemployed rural youths in collaboration with Coconut Development Board, Guwahati. The objectives of the FoCT training were to impart training to a group of unemployed youths in developing their technical skills for harvesting of coconuts, to mitigate the problem of non-availability of coconut tree climbers for coconut harvesting. The present study was conducted at KVK, Barpeta (Assam) with an attempt to know the effect of friends of coconut tree (FoCT) training on the adoption of coconut tree climbing devices. For the present study, 40 trainees were selected purposively. The majority 45% of the trainees use the coconut climbing device only for plucking of their own coconut tree followed by 35% who use the coconut climbing device as a source of income generation and 20% of trainees do not at all use the device. Among the two methods of climbing, the advanced method of coconut tree climber takes less time (3-5 minutes) to climb than the traditional method (7-10 minutes). On the other hand, among the two methods of climbing, the advanced method of coconut tree climber harvested a greater number of nuts and many numbers of harvesting trees over the traditional method.
SCENARIO OF LIVESTOCK EXTENSION SYSTEM, ITS ORGANIZATION AND REGULATION
Authors:   National Institute of Agricultural Extension  Management (MANAGE), Shubeena Sheikh , Bhattacharjee Suchiradipta ,   National Institute of Agricultural Extension  Management (MANAGE), Raj Saravanan ,   National Institute of Agricultural Extension  Management (MANAGE)
Published: August 2022

With the changing global scenario and changing pattern of the agriculture extension professionals need to brace up with the new challanges. Among agriculture and allied sectors livestock sector is facing new challenges in terms of the production, adaptation, stress and other factors. Present study was conducted in the two districts of the Jammu and Kashmi namely Srinagar and Ganderbal. The respondents of the study were middle level extension officers (Veterinarians) and the lower level extension functionaries (Para-Veterinarians). From each district 15 veterinarians and 15 Para-Veterinarians were chosen for the study that made a total of 60 respondents for the present study. Data was collected through an unstructured questionnaire from middle and low level livestock extension professionals. The educational qualification of the Veterinarians was found to be adequate while as of para-veterinarians was not impressive. Majority of the professionals were having extension contacts with state veterinary hospitals (98.33%), information flow through the animal husbandry department was found to be fare (48.33%), and information flow between the VAS centres and centre departments was found to be monthly by majority (65.00%). The basic amenities were found to be adequate (56.67%), with majority reported non-availability of computer, internet facilities, audio-visual aids etc. Majority (95.00%) of the extension professionals were satisfied with their job and level was high. Currently the scenario of the livestock extension departments and professionals is not much impressive. The current challenges in the livestock extension professionals can only be solved when there is better collaboration and coordination between the field, research labs and with other extension agencies.
FACTORS GOVERNING FOOD SECURITY AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN TRIBAL DISTRICT OF SOUTH GUJARAT
Authors:   Navsari Agricultural University, Thorat Vishal S. , Garde Y. A. ,   Navsari Agricultural University, Patil Krishna ,   Navsari Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Availability of food is associated with purchasing power and food insecurity is caused by poverty. The needs of the poor should be protected by improving their purchasing power, through proper planning of agricultural activities for future that can produce more employment and income generation programmes. Around 20.4 per cent of Gujarat's current population does not get enough calories from food as compared to the all-India figure of 13.4 per cent. The problem of food insecurity is basically not found in all sections of the people, rather it is mostly confined to certain marginalized sections. It includes scheduled tribes (STs) as they are socially and economically disadvantaged due to their isolation both geographically as well as culturally from the mainstream population. The attempt has been made to study the major factors governing food security in the Dangs - a tribal district of south Gujarat having 95 per cent scheduled tribe population. Results showed that household size, dependency ratio and age of the household head has significant negative association with food security whereas animal herd size and above poverty level status of household have positive influence on food security. The government should focus on awareness creation on effective family planning and the impact of large family size on ensuring food security, Government can initiate or strengthen old programmes for alternative income generation through facilitation of labour-intensive schemes.
TECHNOLOGICAL GAP IN RECOMMENDED CASTOR PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Chaudhary K. V. , Prajapati R. S. ,   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Patel R. J. ,   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. In India, oilseed crops constitute the second largest agriculture produce next to food grains. Castor is an important cash crop for farmer as well as for country too as it fetches valuable foreign exchange by export of seeds, oil and derivatives to all over the world. The present study was conducted in Patan District of Gujarat State. Among the nine talukas of Patan district, only Patan, Saraswati and Harij this three talukas of Patan district were selected purposively for the reason having highest area under castor cultivation as compared to other talukas of the district. The multi-stage sampling (three stage) technique was used for selection of talukas, villages and respondents. Ex-post facto research design was used for this study. The study was conducted to know the technological gap of castor growers of Patan district. Technological gap has been defined as the proportion of gap in the adoption of castor production technology and it is expressed in percentage. In the present study technological gap was operationalized on the division in adoption of castor production technology by the castor growers and expressed in percentage. revealed that the high technological gap was observed in plant protection measures 75.40 per cent followed by seed treatment 71.00 per cent, weed control 68.75 per cent, FYM 64.00 per cent, crop rotation 58.35 per cent, chemical fertilizer 51.77 per cent, sowing time 45.10 per cent, spacing 40.67 per cent, seed rate 36.00 per cent, recommended variety 30.33 per cent, harvesting 27.85 per cent, interculturing 21.90 per cent and irrigation schedule 16.00 per cent, which were ranked as first to thirteen, respectively.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTITUDE OF STUDENTS TOWARDS EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING PROGRAMME AND THEIR SELECTED INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Authors:   Junagadh Agricultural University, Kakadiya K. R. , Kalsariya B. N. ,   Junagadh Agricultural University, Der H. N. ,   Junagadh Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

India is under development country. About 65 per cent of population are living in rural area and they are related to agriculture as a main occupation. For improvement in living standard of rural people, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) introduced Experiential Learning Programme in 2006 for students of Agricultural Universities. The study was conducted in three agriculture colleges of Junagadh Agricultural University. ELP conducted in three cluster under six different departments. Total 120 students were randomly selected from three colleges. The data were collected through structural interview schedule. The result of the research study found that innovativeness, leadership ability, agribusiness anxiety, achievement motivation, self-confidence, management orientation and aspiration had significant relationship with attitude of students towards ELP. Whereas, academic performance, family land holding, parental occupation, parental income, participation in extra-curricular activity and decision making ability had non-significant relationship with attitude towards ELP.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORIAL EXPERIMENTS FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH USING DIGITAL TOOL
Authors:   Anand Agricultural University, Parmar R. S. , Kamani G. J. ,   Anand Agricultural University, Amin B. A.
Published: August 2022

Factorial experiments involve simultaneously more than one factors and each factor is at two or more levels. Several factors affect simultaneously the characteristic under study in factorial experiments and the researcher is interested in the main effects and the interaction effects among different factors. Digital tool is transforming institutions, learning processes and creating innervates systems. Nowadays digital tool has become a powerful tool to carry out empirical investigation, collection of qualitative and quantitative data for further analysis. Digital tool namely SPSS is a widely used for analysis of factorial experiments for agricultural research like Factorial CRD and Factorial RBD and also for illustration purposes in the classroom teaching as well as for the researchers with interest in factorial experimental designs. The present study will be useful for researchers to know the analysis of factorial experiments for agricultural research using digital tool.
TRAINING NEEDS OF ATMA PERSONNEL
Authors:   Anand Agricultural University, Patel B. D. , Sukhdia A. G. ,   Anand Agricultural University, Thorat G. N. ,   Anand Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Training is one of the important tools of human resource development. Knowledgeable well trained people and effective institutions are critical for achieving growth in any of the sectors, more so in the field of agriculture as it is the threshold point where in the economy the entire farming community is dependent. To help farmers face these challenges, the extension system should be strengthened. The Extension Education Institute (EEI), Anand is one of the premier institutes for training of extension personnel in India. This institute caters the training needs of Western Zone States. A regional workshop was organized to assess the training needs of ATMA personnel in Gujarat. For assessment of their training needs, a model questionnaire was prepared incorporating all the possible issues to be addressed for assessing the training needs of the ATMA personnel. The results showed that majority of the respondents were belong to young age group, general category and having education more than graduation. Cent per cent of the ATMA personnel has attended up to 3 days training programme; 75.00 per cent of the ATMA personnels are contractual basis and had medium level of service experience. Further, the data revealed that among the 48 training titles the "training programme on Promotion of Organic Farming for Sustainable Agriculture" ranked first with a weightage mean score of 2.95, followed by "Training Programme on Good Agricultural and Allied Practices of Doubling Farmers Income" ranked second with a mean score of 2.92, and "Water Conservation Techniques to Improve Water use Efficiency" ranked third with the mean score value of 2.89.
KNOWLEDGE OF TRIBAL FARMERS TOWARDS ORGANIC FARMING PRACTICES
Authors:   Navsari Agricultural University, Kalasariya Neeta , Naik R. M. ,   Navsari Agricultural University, Karravula Rakesh ,   Navsari Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

The present study was conducted in Dangs district of South Gujarat during the year 2020. All of the 3 talukas of the Dangs district were covered under the study. Twelve villages were selected through proportionate random sampling. From each village ten tribal farmers were selected through simple random sampling. Hence, the total respondents were 120. The result was found that tribal farmers had a majority of respondents had medium level of the knowledge of organic farming and extension contact, scientific orientation and mass media exposure were found positively and highly significantly associated at 1 per cent level of probability whereas, education, farm experience, annual income, social participation, economic motivation, risk orientation, management orientation and occupation are positively and significantly associated at 5 per cent level of probability with their knowledge regarding organic farming.
KNOWLEDGE OF FARMERS ABOUT RECOMMENDED INTERVENTION OF WHEAT CROP UNDER RKVY
Authors:   Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Kumari Sunita , Kumari Nidhi ,   Agriculture University, Jodhpur
Published: August 2022

The present study was conducted in tribal and non-tribal panchayat samities of Udaipur district of Rajasthan. 04beneficiary villages and 02 non-beneficiary villages were selected from each panchayat samiti and 10 respondents were selected randomly from each selected village for the study. Data were collected through pre-structured interview schedule. It was found that there was a significant difference in level of knowledge between beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers about recommended wheat interventions. The beneficiary farmers were having more knowledge than non-beneficiary farmers about recommended wheat interventions. It indicates that there was positive impact of RKVY on beneficiary farmers in gain in knowledge about recommended wheat interventions.
ADOPTION LEVEL OF SCIENTIFIC DAIRY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG LIVESTOCK OWNERS
Authors:   Junagadh Agricultural University, Kapadiya P. S. , Chaudhari P. N. ,   Junagadh Agricultural University, Gadariya M. R. ,   Junagadh Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

The present field survey was carried out to investigate adoption level of various aspects of feeding, housing, milking, health care and breeding management practices followed by livestock owners of Amreli district of Gujarat. Data regarding these management practices were collected and studied through pre-design questionnaire from 300 livestock owners. Study revealed that livestock owners had high adoption level in special feeding (calving mixture) after calving (2.80 mean score), supply of dry fodder (2.80 mean score), practices of stall feeding (2.72 mean score), well ventilated house (2.82 mean score), provision of water through pucca watering trough (2.79 mean score), provision of pucca manger (2.75 mean score), distant location of manure pit (2.71 mean score), kind behaviour and grooming practice with milking animal (2.85 mean score), allow calf for let-down of milk (2.83 mean score), calm environment of milking place (2.80 mean score) and cleaning of milk utensil with detergent washing and sun drying (2.71 mean score). However, low level of adoption was observed in chaffing of fodder (1.66 mean score), feeding mineral mixture (1.34 mean score), feeding salt (1.28 mean score), provision of R.C.C. roof (1.62 mean score), pucca floor (1.59 mean score), cleaning udder and teats before milking with antiseptic (1.99 mean score), washing/bathing of animal before milking (1.83 mean score) and cleaning and dipping of udder and teats just after milking (1.32 mean score). Further, adoption level was found high in ectoparasites control practices (2.89 mean score), colostrum offered to new born calf within an hour (2.42 mean score), vaccination of animal (2.30 mean score), insemination/mating of animal after heat detection within 12 to 18 hours (2.77 mean score), waiting for placental expulsion up to 12 hours (2.75 mean score) and pregnancy diagnosis after 3 month of breeding (2.58 mean score). Whereas, livestock owner had low level of adoption in disinfection of animal shed (1.99 mean score), navel disinfection of calf (1.72 mean score), isolation of sick animals (1.41 mean score), breeding of animals thorough A.I. (1.72 mean score), proven bull for natural service (1.62 mean score) and initiation of breeding of heifers on the basis of body weight/size (1.28 mean score) among the different practices of healthcare and breeding management.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PROFILE AND THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF BANANA GROWERS ABOUT INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Navsari Agricultural University, Maheswaran Meenu , Patel Mahesh R. ,   Anand Agricultural University, Patel Snehal ,   Navsari Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

A study between relationship between the profile and the level of knowledge of banana growers of about integrated pest management was carried out in Anand and Petlad talukas of Anand district. Sample size of the present study was 100 banana growers following IPM in banana cultivation. Out of twelve independent variables, viz. education, experience, social participation, annual income, extension contact, economic motivation, scientific orientation and risk orientation had positive and highly significant correlation with their level of knowledge about IPM. Whereas, variables like occupation and mass media exposure had positive and significant relationship with the level of knowledge of banana growers about IPM. The variables like age and land holding shows positive and non-significant relationship with the level of knowledge of banana growers about IPM.
KNOWLEDGE AND ADOPTION OF RICE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY BY THE FARMERS
Authors:   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Patel Chandni , Patel G. R. ,   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a plant belonging to the family of grasses, Gramineae. There are three major food crops (wheat, rice and maize) of world and rice is one of the foremost cereal crops feeding over more than half of the world's population. The present study was conducted through Ex-post Facto research design and multistage sampling method. Total 160 rice growers were selected from sixteen villages belongs to four talukas of Sabarkantha and Gandhinagar districts. The data were collected by personal contact method with help of structured interview schedule and data were coded, classified, tabulated and analyzed in the light of objectives. Majority of the rice growers were in the middle age, UG/PG Education, above 2 lakh annual income, above 4.00 ha of land holding, no membership in organization, bore well as a source of irrigation, medium yield gap, high extension participation, medium level utilization of source of information, medium level of knowledge and medium level of adoption of rice production technology by the rice growers.
A SCALE FOR MEASURING ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOR OF MEMBERS OF FARMER PRODUCERS' ORGANIZATION
Authors:   College of Agriculture, Pune, Khandave Swati , Prajapati M.R. ,   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Patel V.T. ,   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Entrepreneurial behavior is a complex behavior which includes essential traits for running enterprise successfully. For construction of an entrepreneurial behavior scale, experts opinion of 70 judges from five different state agricultural universities from Maharashtra and Gujarat state was considered. In present study, 10 main indicators of entrepreneurial behavior of FPO members were found relevant by more than 75 % judges. For calculating the scale value of each indicator, normalized rank method suggested by Guilford, (1954) was used. The scale indicators found relevant by the panel of judges with their respective scale values were viz,.Market orientation (7.44), Decision making ability (6.99), Economic motivation (6.42), Risk orientation (6.09), Planning ability (5.81), Self-confidence (4.66),Scientific orientation (4.45), Innovativeness (2.28), Communication skills (1.59) and Achievement motivation (1.09) .Under each indicator sub items were identified by arranging separate conference with experts, they were requested to score each of the sub item according to their importance in measuring the main indicator of entrepreneurial behavior. On the basis of their suggestions, a total of 73 statements of the identified indicators and 10 indicators with a maximum score of 341 were included in the final entrepreneurial behavior scale constructed under the study.
GROWTH AND EXPORT TRENDS OF MAJOR SPICES IN INDIA: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors:   Anand Agricultural University, Bansal Rachana , Kumar Mohit ,   Anand Agricultural University, Shaikh A. S. ,   Anand Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Indian spices are popularly known for their flavour and aroma in domestic as well as in the international markets. Out of the total spices production, Indian households consume about 70-75 per cent either in whole form or in value added form (powder or masalas), 5-10 per cent is utilized by oleoresins, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics companies, 15-20 per cent is exported and the remaining 5 per cent goes for seed purposes (www.commodityindia.com). Increased production and trade balance in terms of export and import are required to support economic growth through agriculture. The present study focused on analysing the growth and instability in area, production and exports of major spices from India. The results showed that India's overall export and agricultural export both increased at 6.50 and 6.16 per cent annual growth rate from 2010-11 to 2019-20, respectively. India's agricultural export share to overall export has grown from 9.71 per cent in 2010-11 to 11.40 per cent in 2019-20 while Ginger, garlic and turmeric, these three spices contributed 58.99 per cent share to total spice production from 19.16 per cent area. Among different spices cumin, chilli and coriander emerged as the first, second and third most grown spices in the country with 29.56, 14.44 and 12.25 per cent area and 9.01, 18.19 and 6.92 per cent production share to total spices respectively.
ANALYSING THE EFFECTS OF CREDIT ON TOBACCO PRODUCTION
Authors: Mucharedzeyi Clemence , Munetsi Elvis
Published: August 2022

This study examined how agricultural credit relates to tobacco production in Zimbabwe between 1980 and 2012. Time series data from FAO was used. Major crops like tobacco and cotton have been facing financial challenge in their production. This is examined through a system of equations in which both variables enter the vector auto-regression (VAR, hereafter) as endogenous variables. According to the results, the value of the coefficient of determination is 0.82 indicating that the estimated model explains about 82% variation in tobacco output while 18% variation is accounted for by the error term. This makes the estimated model capable of explaining variation in tobacco production in the Zimbabwean context. The result means that if tobacco producer price increases by 100%, tobacco output will increase by a magnitude as low as 0.01% holding other explanatory variables constant. The result suggests that if agricultural credit increases by a magnitude of 10%, tobacco output will increase by almost 6% holding constant the producer price and the increase is statistically significant at 1% level of significance. A positive shock in agricultural credit is found to facilitate a steady increase in tobacco output in the first five years. Interesting is that the magnitude of increase in response to the shock reaches a peak of almost 4.5% which is close to the 5.6 long run effect of agricultural credits on tobacco. The impulse response functions on the other hand confirmed that tobacco output significantly responds to unexpected shocks in agricultural credits with the effect lasting for at most 5 years. Therefore the government needs to promote the banking and micro-finance sector to boost the economy through growing tobacco.
EFEKTIVITAS KANTOR KECAMATAN LANDASAN ULIN KOTA BANJARBARU DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: Sitindaon Helmi Sarlianna
Published: August 2022

Abstract : The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the Landasan Ulin District Office in Kota Banjarbaru in providing public services. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach and data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation, while the data analysis techniques consist of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the effectiveness of the Landasan Ulin District Office had not run optimally. Although the sub-district head has been maximal in carrying out his duties and functions as a leader, some employees still do not have good loyalty to the agency and their co-workers.

Keywords: work effectiveness, employees and leadership.

 

Abstrak : Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas Kantor Kecamatan Landasan Ulin Kota Banjarbaru dalam melakukan pelayanan publik.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data terdiri dari reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas Kantor Kecamatan Landasan Ulin belum berjalan dengan optimal.  Walaupun camat sudah maksimal untuk melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya sebagai pimpinan, tetapi sebagian pegawai ada yang masih belum memiliki loyalitas yang baik pada instansi dan rekan kerjanya.

Kata kunci : efektivitas kerja, pegawai dan kepemimpinan.
PENGARUH RASIO LIKUIDITAS, SOLVABILITAS DAN AKTIVITAS TERHADAP NET PROFIT MARGIN PADA PT. XL AXIATA. Tbk DI INDONESIA
Authors: Maulida Dyah Hesti , Gadi Rizalul , Jamili Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This study aims to prove whether there is an influence between liquidity, solvency, and activity on the net profit margin. The variables studied are part of financial ratios, namely, current ratio (CR) as a proxy for liquidity, Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) as a proxy for solvency, and Total Asset Turnover (TAT) as a proxy for activity, all three are independent variables. Meanwhile, Net Profit Margin (NPM) is a proxy for probability which is the dependent variable. Researchers used quantitative research methods, namely data obtained from secondary data in the form of financial statements. As for this research, the researcher uses multiple regression analysis method, with the help of SPSS version 23 software. value R2 is 0.616 or 61.6% which means that the independent variable (current ratio, debt to asset ratio, total asset turnover) is the influence on the dependent variable (net profit margin), while the remaining 37.7% is explained by other variables. Simultaneously (F test), liquidity proxied by CR, solvency as proxied by DAR, and TAT activity have a positive effect on NPM but not significant, but partially (t test), only TAT has a significant effect on NPM. Meanwhile, CR and DAR have no significant effect on NPM.

Key Words: Financial Ratios, Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR), Total Asset Turnover (TAT), Net Profit Margin (NPM)

 

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah terdapat pengaruh antara likuiditas, solvabilitas, dan aktivitas terhadap net profit margin. Adapun variabel yang diteliti adalah bagian dari rasio keuangan yaitu, current ratio (CR) sebagai proksi dari likuiditas, Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) sebagai proksi dari solvabilitas, dan Total Asset Turnover (TAT) sebagai proksi dari Aktivitas, ketiganya merupakan variabel independen. Sedangkan Net Profit Margin (NPM) sebagai proksi dari probabilitas yang merupakan variabel dependen. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian Kuantitatif, yaitu data yang diperoleh dari data sekunder yang berupa laporan keuangan. Adapun dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode analisis regresi berganda, dengan bantuan software SPSS versi 23. Nilai R2 adalah 0.616 atau sebesar 61.6% yang berarti bahwa variabel independen (current ratio, debt to asset ratio, total asset turnover) merupakan pengaruh terhadap variabel dependen (net rofit margin), sedangkan sisanya 37.7% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain. Secara simultan (uji F), likuiditas yang diproksikan dengan CR, solvabilitas yang diproksikan dengan DAR, dan aktivitas TAT berpengaruh positif terhadap NPM akan tetapi tidak signifikan, akan tetapi secara parsial (uji t), hanya TAT yang berpengaruh signfikan terhadap NPM. Sedangkan CR dan DAR tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap NPM.

 

Kata Kunci:     Rasio Keuangan, Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR), Total Asset Turnover (TAT), Net Profit Margin (NPM)
PENGARUH STRES KERJA DAN KONFLIK KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PERSONEL POLRES BARITO KUALA
Authors: Yani Anhar , Welli Saputra Riky , Hartony Dendy
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This study entitled The Effect of Work Stress and Work Conflict on the Performance of Police Personnel of Barito Kuala Police which aims to describe the description of work stress, work conflict performance and performance, as well as examine the effect of work stress and work conflict on personnel performance. This study uses quantitative research, the sample is set at 71 respondents. Collecting data using questionnaires and documentation. While the data analysis used path analysis assisted by SmartPLS 3 software. The results showed that the Job Stress Variable had a positive and significant effect on the performance of the Barito Kuala Polres personnel with a coefficient of 0.990 and P = 0.000. While the work conflict variable has a positive but not significant effect on the performance of the Barito Kuala Police personnel with a coefficient of 0.001 and P = 0.791. The findings in this study support previous research that work stress has a positive and significant effect on performance, while work conflict has a significant but not significant effect on performance.

Abstrak : Penelitian ini berjudul Pengaruh Stres Kerja dan Konflik Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Personel Polres Barito Kuala yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran stres kerja, Konflik kerja kinerja dan kinerja, serta menguji pengaruh stres kerja dan konflik kerja terhadap kinerja personel. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif, sampel ditetapkan sebanyak 71 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisa data menggunakan analisis jalur dibantu dengan software SmartPLS 3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Variabel Stres Kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja personel Polres Barito Kuala dengan koefisien sebesar 0,990 dan P = 0,000. Sedangkan variabel Konflik kerja berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja personel Polres Barito Kuala dengan koefesien sebesar 0,001 dan P = 0,791. Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini mendukung penelitian terdahulu bahwa stres kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja sedangkan konflik kerja berpengaruh namun tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja.
A Survey of Lightweight Image Encryption for IoT
Authors: Dweik Haneen , Abutaha Mohammad
Published: August 2022

IoT networks serve as a way for various devices interconnected over the internet to exchange data with each other and with other services. Most smartphones, laptops, and other communication devices are connected to the cloud today, making data accessible to everyone. There are many applications for IoT, from smart IoT applications to industrial products. Encryption is one of the best ways to make IoT networks secure since so much data is being transferred. A lightweight block cipher is one of the most sophisticated means for overcoming the security problems inherent to IoT networks. Because of the limited resources available to nodes, classical cryptography methods are costly and inefficient. In this paper, we have compared the systems, we have found that these modifications were made to the original AES algorithm, while the original algorithm security remains robust, the modified AES algorithm remains lightweight and faster, providing more satisfaction for embedding in IoT devices and sensors that consume little power. Furthermore, this algorithm enhanced the AES-ECC hybrid encryption system, which has good flexibility and versatility, and optimized the design of the ECC function according to the characteristics of wireless sensor networks. Using Salsa20/12 stream cipher, the texture images can be encrypted using bit masking and permutation procedures and as part of a new scheme for encrypting 3D objects, which complements the existing methods for 3D object encryption. With PLIE implemented in Python, the encryption time was approximately 50% faster than that of AES using the throughput increase, faster encryption time, and minimal complexity.
CALPHAD as a Toolbox to Facilitate the Development of HEAs
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Zhou
Published: August 2022

This chapter would be a comprehensive review of the successful application of the CALPHAD method in the research and development of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in recent years. The structure of this chapter is obedient to the conventional framework in materials science, and several topics would be covered, including composition and structure design, heat treatment and solidification processing, and some properties and performances, such as mechanical and electrochemical corrosion behaviors and high-temperature oxidation characteristics. A conclusion and outlook of the CALPHAD method are also provided at the end of this chapter. Hope this chapter could offer a thermodynamic and kinetic perspective for facilitating the field of HEA research and inspire other researchers to contribute more valuable ideas and works.
Pharmacovigilance of Biological Drugs
Authors: Guerzoni Simona , Lo Castro Flavia , Baraldi Carlo , Colella Giuliana , Pani Luca
Published: August 2022

The use of biological drugs has significantly increased over the past decades and has allowed for the treatment of many life-threatening and chronic diseases. The patent expiration of biological innovative medicines enables copies of these drugs called biosimilars. The availability of biosimilars enhances competition, with the potential to improve patient access to biological medications and contribute to the financial sustainability of the healthcare systems. Unlike equivalent drugs, biosimilars are not identical but similar to their innovator products because of the differences in the manufacturing process, which is a biological process. However, they are considered comparable to their originators in safety, quality characteristics, biological activity, and efficacy. The regulatory procedures used for generic drugs cannot be applied for biosimilars, so they are subjected to rigorous characterization as well as comparative clinical studies. Since they are highly complex molecules produced from living cells, even small change in the production process can have major implications on their safety and effectiveness profile, causing a potential risk of immune-based adverse reactions. For all these reasons, for biological drugs, a robust long-term pharmacovigilance system is necessary. It is desirable that in the future, there are further guidance and resolution of the ongoing discussions on biosimilar labeling, naming, pharmacovigilance and interchangeability/substitution, to ensure the appropriate use of these drugs in clinical practice.
Embryo Transfer in In-Vitro Fertilization: Factors Affecting Successful Outcome
Authors: Omale Onuh Sunday
Published: August 2022

Embryo transfer is the last component of series of events in the process of in vitro fertilization treatment. Events happening at the embryo transfer stage if not well managed could jeopardize the entire process with unpleasant consequences. It is considered to be a critical determinant of clinical outcome in the entire in vitro fertilization procedure. Consequently, factors affecting its efficiency are very vital in the determination of clinical pregnancy, implantation, ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates. Some factors have been clearly seen to be beneficial to the positive outcome of in vitro fertilization, while the benefit of the other factors is still very questionable or have been dismissed. The most important of all factors are ultrasound guided embryo transfer and the use of soft flexible catheters for embryo transfer. Others are removal of cervical mucus before the transfer process, accurate placement of the embryo within the endometrial cavity and immediate ambulation after embryo transfer.
Promising Hydrogels-Based Dressings for Optimal Treatment of Cutaneous Lesions
Authors: Violeta Ghica Mihaela , Elena Dinu-Pîrvu Cristina , Popa Lăcrămioara , Tudoroiu Elena-Emilia , Ionescu Diana-Georgiana , Benga Claudia-Maria
Published: August 2022

Worldwide, cutaneous lesions care represents a daily challenge for the medical system, with an increasing prevalence from year to year (from ~5 million in 2005 to about 8 million in 2018) and high costs for their treatment (between ~$28 billion and ~$97 billion). Injuries are the most frequent and destructive form of skin damage, affecting patients’ quality of life. To promote wound healing, an ideal treatment involves proper dressings that can manage the local pain, inflammation, or infection. Passive or dry traditional dressings, such as cotton, gauze, or lint, have limited therapeutic actions and demand periodic replacement of the dressing. Therefore, an optimal alternative for advanced wound care is represented by hydrogels, one of the five classes of modern dressings, which assure excellent local moisture, due to their high ability to absorb a large volume of water inside their three-dimensional networks. Moreover, hydrogels possess suitable biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, elasticity, flexibility, and biological properties similar to the extracellular matrix. This chapter presents the main characteristics of the hydrogels and the recent research regarding the development of new hydrogel dressings, based on natural, semi-synthetic, or synthetic biopolymers, loaded with varied therapeutic agents to stimulate the tissue regeneration of different etiologies cutaneous lesions.
Physicochemical Characterization of Mesquite Flour (Prosopis laevigata), Particle Size Distribution, Morphology, Isosteric Heat, and Rheology
Authors: Sandoval Torres Sadoth , Giovana Reyes López Larissa , Leticia Méndez Lagunas Lilia , Gerardo Barriada Bernal Luis , Rodríguez Ramirez Juan
Published: August 2022

Mesquite pods were dried and milled. The physicochemical properties of mesquite flour were characterized. The pods were dried at 60°C, 15% RH, and 2 m/s airflow. After drying, two types of milling were applied: (1) industrial blade mill and (2) Blender, and the nutritional composition was determined. The sorption isotherms were obtained at 30, 35, 40, and 45°C for a range of water activity of 0.07–0.9. The particle size distribution and the average particle size of the flours were characterized by means of diffraction of blue laser light; furthermore, the morphology was analyzed by (SEM). The powders were also analyzed by DSC. Alveography was applied to study the rheology of the flour. Mesquite powders are highly hygroscopic, and the (GAB) model displays a good description of the experimental data. Flours expose different morphologies depending on the milling technique; a more homogeneous powder was obtained from the industrial blade mill. Rheological characterization indicates that mesquite flour decreases the tenacity and extensibility of the flour mixture. According to DSC, the flours are very stable over a wide temperature range from 0 to 120°C, and the thermograms indicate a transition of proteins affected by high-molecular-weight carbohydrates and moisture content.
The Socio-Economic Factors of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Turkey: A Spatial Perspective
Authors: Eda Tuzcu Sevgi , Satıcı Esra
Published: August 2022

This study investigates the role of various socioeconomic determinants and vaccination rates in the spread of Covid-19 in a spatial setting in Turkey. For this aim, we employ the 41 sub-indicators of Life Index in Provinces data provided by the Turkish Statistical Institute which is obtained based on the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Better Life Index approach. Our results indicate no global interactions in the transmission process of the disease among Turkish provinces. This means that the infection burden in the neighboring province does not significantly affect the infection burden of a given state. Yet, we show that vaccination rates and the median age of a neighboring province significantly affect the number of total cases in a given province. We find that as the vaccination rates of a neighboring province rise, the number of total cases in a given province also increases. This finding can be attributed to the “neighbor–reliant immunity” concept. It seems that people with vaccine hesitancy toward Covid-19 feel safer without a vaccine when their neighbors are mostly vaccinated. Last, people with a higher satisfaction rate with their health status are more likely to catch the disease due to underestimation of negative consequences.
Root Vegetables: Biology, Nutritional Value and Health Implications
Authors: Ahmadi Mirela , A. Hulea Ștefan , Peț Ioan
Published: August 2022

Plants served as main staple for humanity since time immemorial. Plant roots science is a fascinating domain that offers a window to the complex world of plants-microorganisms relationship. Plant roots were used throughout human history both as a food source particularly in times of food scarcity as well as for medicinal purposes aid in the treatment of various human disorders. Root vegetables are excellent sources of fiber and antioxidants and are low in calories and lipids—being indispensable in human diet. There is an increasing interest in the biochemical processes occurring in the rhizosphere between root tissues and the bacterial/fungal colonizers especially in soils where there is a deficiency in minerals such as iron, phosphorus and selenium or there is higher load of toxic metals such as aluminum, cadmium, nickel and lead. That interest stems from the need to improve crop yields in hostile environmental conditions such as drought and low nutrient availability in soils. In this chapter, we will focus on the typical edible plant roots as well as bulbs (are not proper roots) looking at their nutrient content as well as their use as health enhancers.
Biochemistry and Antioxidant Effects of Melatonin
Authors: Merhan Oguz
Published: August 2022

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine) is a hormone taking place in many biological and physiological processes, such as reproduction, sleep, antioxidant effect, and circadian rhythm (biological clock), and is a multifunctional indolamine compound synthesized mainly from the metabolism of tryptophan via serotonin in the pineal gland. Melatonin, which is a hormone synthesized from the essential amino acid tryptophan, is substantially secreted from the pineal gland between the cerebral hemispheres found in the mammalian brain. In addition to this, it is also produced in the cells and tissues, such as the gastrointestinal system, gall, epithelial hair follicles, skin, retina, spleen, testis, salivary glands, bone marrow, leukocytes, placenta, and thrombocytes. It plays a role in many physiological events, such as synchronizing circadian rhythms, reproduction, fattening, molting, hibernation, and change of pigment granules, preserving the integrity of the gastrointestinal system with an anti-ulcerative effect in tissues and organs from which it is produced. Melatonin is also a powerful antioxidant and anti-apoptotic agent that prevents oxidative and nitrosative damage to all macromolecules due to its ability to form in metabolic activities, directly excrete toxic oxygen derivatives, and reduce the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. In this book chapter, we will explain the structure, synthesis, metabolism, and antioxidant effects of the melatonin hormone.
Potential Role of Cancer Stem Cells in Glioblastoma: A Therapeutic Aspect
Authors: Tiwari Meenakshi , Kumar Sharma Lokendra , Kumar Saxena Ajit
Published: August 2022

High-grade glioma (HGG) such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor that is still associated with poor prognosis. With the discovery and advancement in understanding of cancer stem cells (CSC) in glioma, these cells have emerged as seed cells for tumor growth and recurrence and appear as a potential target for therapeutics. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrate capacity of self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation into multiple cell types and can contribute to tumor heterogeneity. Their role is established in tumorigenesis, metastasis, chemo- and radio-resistance and appears as a major cause for tumor recurrence. Thus, targeting GSCs by various therapeutics may improve effectiveness of the drugs in use alone or in combination to significantly improve patient survival outcome in GBM cases. In this chapter, we have discussed various mechanisms that drive GSC including signaling pathways and tumor microenvironment. We have also discussed the mechanism behind resistance of GSCs toward therapeutics and the pathways that can be targeted to improve the outcome of the patients.
Anti-Non-Bilayer Phospholipid Arrangement Antibodies Trigger an Autoimmune Disease Similar to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Mice
Authors: Reséndiz-Mora Albany , Tescucano Alonso , Barrera-Aveleida Giovanna , Sotelo-Rodríguez Anahi , Nevárez-Lechuga Christian-Irene , Galarce-Sosa Iván , Wong-Baeza Isabel , Baeza Isabel , Wong-Baeza Carlos
Published: August 2022

Anti-lipid antibodies are present in some infectious and autoimmune diseases, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Particularly, anti-non-bilayer phospholipid arrangement (NPA) antibodies have been detected in patients with SLE, and these antibodies trigger a disease similar to human lupus in mice. NPA are lipid associations different from the lipid bilayer of cellular membranes and, since they are transient, they are not immunogenic. However, if NPA are stabilized by drugs, they induce an immune response with the production of anti-NPA antibodies, which bind to NPA on cell membranes and generate cell lysis. As a result, intracellular antigens are exposed and trigger an immune response that generates more auto-antibodies. In this chapter, we describe the formation and stabilization of NPA, the induction of B cell responses to generate anti-NPA antibodies, and the characteristics that the disease caused by these antibodies in mice shares with human lupus.