bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Optimal Research of Force Increasing Mechanism of Injection Machine
Authors: Li Tie Jun , Zhu Cheng Shi , Yan Li Qun , Xin Li , Ning Jian Rong
Published: August 2011

The analysis of motion and mechanics property was carried out on the five hinged incline arranged and double elbowed force increasing mechanism of injection machine. A complete optimization designing procedure was carried out by improved ant colony algorithms, so as to increase the stroke ratio and the amplification of the force, and to decrease the total length of mechanism. Its optional mathematics model was established. The procedure of optimal design belongs to multi-object optimal problem. The optimal solution of the force increasing mechanism was found with improved ant colony algorithms. Compared with the traditional methods, the result shows that the total length of mechanism is decreased, the stroke ratio is increased, and the amplification of the force is increased. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis of various design parameters has been performed to observe changes in injection performance parameters, and results show that the length of back elbowed bar and the length of connected bar have a significant impact on the performance measures. And the results recommend that the close clearance of the length of back elbowed bar and the length of connected bar must be maintained. Therefore it can provide some valuable instruction and theory to engineers. The instance of 1000 N large-scale injection molding machine is taken as an example to demonstrated that such method is effective and practical.
Production Scheduling of Coating Workshop for Cutting Tools
Authors: Tang Ke Zhen , Ni Jun Fang , Xu Ke Gang
Published: August 2011

The overall flow time of the coating workshop for cutting tools is set as the scheduling objective. The problems of production scheduling of coating workshop are described in detail, then the simulated modeling of the problems is constructed in the eM-Plant software, and the simulation model combines the genetic algorithms to solve the processing procedures. Compared with the simulated results at last, it is obvious that the production scheduling is greatly optimized and of excellent stability with genetic algorithms.
Study on Q390 Steel High-Temperature Tensile Fracture Microstructure and Micro-Hardness
Authors: Zhao Yong Tao , Dong Jun Hui , Ma Yong Lin , Zhou Jun Wei
Published: August 2011

Q390 steel owns lots of good mechanical properties, it is used in many fields. By means of Gleeble 1500D thermal simulation machine, high temperature tensile tests were carried out; by OM,SEM, the fracture pattern and the microstructure of different distance from the fracture were watched and analyzed; by means of hardness test, the micro-hardness of different distance from the fracture was measured. The results show that the rupture at different temperature belongs to ductile rupture, with distance increasing from the fracture, the microstructure changes from composition structure of martensite, bainite, residual austenite into base metal structure, the grain size is smaller and smaller. The fracture hardness increases firstly and decreases secondly when tensile temperature increases, it is up to the max when temperature is 1200°C, the value is 395HV; the micro-hardness increases firstly and decreases secondly with distance increasing from the fracture, the hardness is the max when distance is 10mm,8mm,10mm at 800°C,1000°C,1200°C tensile temperature, the max value is respectively 330HV,340HV,370HV.
Study on Submerged Jet Problem of Concave Optics Surface in Fluid Jet Polishing
Authors: Shi Chun Yan , Yuan Jia Hu , Wu Fan , Wan Yong Jian
Published: August 2011

Fluid jet polishing (FJP) is a computer controlled polishing (CCP) process. As the water effect of concave optics surface, the slurry won’t spread immediately until component have a basinful, and jet goes through a layer of slurry firstly before impact in FJP process, the submerged jet will influence material removal rate and bring on inaccurate fabrication results if it is not considered. In this paper, submerged jet characteristics are studied, and researches were taken for submerged jet polishing by simulation with FLUENT software and experiments analysis. Based on that, mathematical material removal correction with submerged depth is established for semi-submerged jet polishing. A BK7 concave surface was polished by semi-submerged jet with removal correction. The results show an affirmative proof for correction in submerged jet polishing.
On the Dynamics of the Micro-Ring Driven by Traveling Bias Voltages
Authors: Ye Xiu Qian , Chen Yi Bao , Hsu Bih Sheng , Hu Yuh Chung
Published: August 2011

There is no literature mentioned the modeling of the microstructures subjected to traveling electrostatic forces. This paper is the first time to present an analytical approach to investigate the dynamics of a micro-ring structure driven by the traveling bias voltage. The traveling electrostatic forces may come from the sequentially-actuated actuating electrodes arranged around the flexible ring. A linearized distributed model considering the electromechanical coupling effect is derived based on the small deflection assumption. According to the analytical results, the stiffness of the micro-ring will be softened periodically with the traveling speed of the driving voltage and the variation increases with the increasing of the voltage.
Studies on Thermal Stability and Rheological Property of PU/PVDF Blend
Authors: Huan Guo Lan , Liu Jian Li , Du Qi Yun , Hu Xiao Yu
Published: August 2011

In this article, the thermal stability of PU/PVDF blend was investigated by thermogravimetry (TG), and their rheological property was studied through testing and analyzing the rheological curves. The results showed that, with the increase in PVDF content, the thermal decomposition temperature of PU/PVDF blend increased, and by fitting relevant data to thermal decomposition dynamic equations, it was found that thermal decomposition activation energy of the blend increased gradually, i.e. the thermal stability of the blend increased gradually. Meantime, based on the curves of shear stress vs. shear rate of the blend at 180°C and 200°C, it was shown that for PU/PVDF blend, with the decrease of temperature and the increase in PVDF content, the non-Newtonian index decreased, while the viscosity of the blend increased.
Foundation of Service Life Prediction Model of Sulfate Attack in Concrete
Authors: Tang Xiu Sheng , Huang Guo Hong , Cai Yue Bo , Zhu Ye Ran
Published: August 2011

Sulfate attack of cementitious materials is closely related to the essential properties of cementitious materials and erosive environments. Therefore, the foundation of service life prediction model becomes very difficult and complicated. In this paper, the temperature and concentration of an erosive solution were taken into account in lab accelerating test, the service life prediction model of sulfate attack based on equivalent time and damage variable was founded by using Arrhenius equation, the concept of maturity, Fick’s law and the theory of damage mechanics. Dynamic elastic modulus value change, and/or mass change, and/or compressive or flexural strength change, et al. can be used as damage variable to show the evolving process of sulfate attack in concrete in this prediction model, and certain changed rate was considered as the damage critical value in concrete in terms of the standard or references or test results. To estimate the possible service life of concrete structures in sulfate attacking condition by lab accelerating test according to this prediction model, it will be benefit to guide the selection of raw materials and design of durability in concrete.
Analysis of Entrance Converging Flow of Polymer Melts. A Comparison between Liang Model and Cogswell Model
Authors: Zhong Lei , Xu Hai Hang , Liang Ji Zhao , Liao An Ping
Published: August 2011

In this paper, a comparison between the Liang model and the Cogswell model is made by using them to simulate numerically the boundary streamline and the region length during the entrance converging flow of polymer melts. The results show that both of them can properly describe the flow conditions. Furthermore, the Liang model can accurately describe the geometry effect on the boundary streamline, and by introducing the Bagley correction factor e and the slip factor ξ, it can also describe the changes of the region length more precisely.
The Effect of Content of Castor Oil on Two-Component Castor Oil Based Polyurethane Adhesive
Authors: Qin Yan , Jia Jin Rong , Huang Zhi Xiong
Published: August 2011

A new two-component polyurethane adhesive was prepared with castor oil used as main agent and castor oil modified TDI used as curing agent.The effect of castor oil on the mechanical properties, adhesion properties and thermal stability of this adhesive were studied.This paper show us that TDI could be used as curing agent after modification. When the NCO/OH in curing agent and main agent:curing agent were 1.6 and 3:5 respectively, high performance adhesive was obtained.
A Research on Modification of Paper-Based Functional Polyurethane Material
Authors: Li Pei Yi , Zhang Mei Yun , Wang Zhi Jie , Lin Chun Tao
Published: August 2011

The methods of synthesizing polyurethane (Isophorone diisocyanate IPDI) with paper were investigated. The combination of SEM and IR analysis were used to analyze the chemical and physical characteristics and forming mechanism of the polyurethane derived from paper. The physical of base-paper material improved remarkably on the conditions of dosage of IPD 12%, reaction time 10min and temperature 60°C, facture length elevated by54.4%, folding strength raised by 12.4 times, and wet strength / dry strength was 50.54%.It was found that carbonate bond was formed between IPDI with cellulose in fibers when the paper was treated with IPDI .The treatment can change hydrogen bonds into chemical bonds and enhance the base-paper material’s physical strength. The Hydroxyl of Cellulose and －N=C=O produced the structure of amino formic acid ester, which formed as a bridge between the fibers. The hydrogen combining was transformed to chemical combining, which strengthened the intensity of single fiber and reinforce the combine of fibers. The treatment can change hydrogen bond into chemical bond and improved the paper’s physical strength, especially the wet strength.
Properties of CdMnTe Single Crystal Used in Nuclear Radiation Detectors
Authors: Zhang Ji Jun , Wang Lin Jun , Huang Jian , Tang Ke , Yuan Zhen Wen , Xia Yi Ben
Published: August 2011

The Cd1-xMnxTe crystal is believed to be a good candidate to compete with Cd1-xMnxTe in the X-ray and γ-ray detector application. In this paper, Indium (In) doped Cd0.8Mn0.2Te (CdMnTe) ingots were grown by the modified Vertical Bridgman method. The as-grown crystals were characterized using Near-Infrared (NIR) transmission spectrum mapping of composition, X-ray double-crystal rocking curve measurement, I-V measurement and 241Am gamma rays radiation measurement. The Mn composition extracted from the NIR spectra at different axial and radial distances of the 30×40×2 mm3 CdMnTe wafers shown that the Mn concentration in the range of 0.19430.0008 to 0.2020.0025 mole fraction. The FWHM values of the X-ray rocking curves are of 40-80 arc sec, indicating a high crystalline perfection. The resistivity of the wafers is (2-3) ×1010Ω.cm. The CdMnTe planar detector irradiated by 241Am source shows the energy resolution of 8.5%.
Synthesis of Single-Phase Nanocrystalline YIG by Co-Precipitation: The Influence of pH Value of Precursor Solution and Calcinating
Authors: Zheng Liang , Zheng Hui , Deng Jiang Xia , Ying Zhi Hua , Wu Jun , Zhou Ji Jun , Qin Hui Bin
Published: August 2011

Single-phase nanocrystalline YIG powders have been successfully synthesized through chemical co-precipitation methods. The influence of pH value of the precursor solution and calcinating conditions (temperatures ranging from 700 to 900°C and times ranging from 0.5 to 12 hours) on the purity and grain size of the single-phase nanocrystalline YIG powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. The results show that a pure single-phase YIG powder was obtained as the pH value of precursor solution above 10 and the YIG grain grows bigger as calcinating temperature and time increased. Finally, the optimal condition to form single-phase nanocrystalline YIG with the smallest grain size is calcinating at 750°C for 7 hours.
Design and Analysis of One-Dimensional Nanostructure on Amorous Silicon Solar Cell for Surface Reflectance Reduction
Authors: Li Yang , Zheng Xiao Dong , Shen Lin Fang
Published: August 2011

Solar cell, One-dimensional nanostructure, Surface reflectance, Plane-wave expansion Abstract. In this paper, we design a one-dimensional (1-D) a-Si nanostructure, orthogonizing the two processes to avoid their competition. Shapes of the structure include 1-D nanowire and 1-D nanocone. With the method of plane-wave expansion, the influence of different parameters on surface reflectance is systematically discussed. It is verified that, under the given geometrical parameters, 1-D nanocone solar cell will perform better than 1-D nanowire one and flat one in optical absorption enhancement.
Preparation Development of High-Quality Solar-Grade Multi-Crystalline Silicon by Directional Solidification
Authors: Su Hai Jun , Zhang Jun , Liu Lin , Fu Heng Zhi
Published: August 2011

Silicon solar cell is well known as one of the cleanest and most potential renewable resources. As the major photovoltaic (PV) material in PV industry, multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) grown by directional solidification has recently attracted increasing attention because of its low production cost, low pollution and high throughput. Deeper understanding of the physic and optic properties, and preparation methods of the materials will lead to improved device design. This paper briefly presents basic directional solidification theory of multi-crystalline silicon, and reviews recent development of solar-grade multi-crystalline silicon. The directional solidification preparation techniques of high-quality solar-grade multi-crystalline silicon are detailed introduced and summarized. Furthermore, the existing problems and further development direction of directionally solidified multi-crystalline silicon for solar cell are discussed.
Dielectric Properties and Diffuse Phase Transition of Sol-Gel Derived 0.94(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.06BaTiO3 Ceramics
Authors: Cheng Xiao Fang , Tang Xin Gui , Ju Shao Gong , Jiang Yan Ping , Liu Qiu Xiang
Published: August 2011

The 0.94Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.06BaTiO3 (abbreviated to BNT-BT) powder and ceramic was synthesized by sol-gel process. The phase structure and dielectric properties of the ceramics were investigated. The ceramic was sintering at 1000-1100 degree C for 2-4 h in air atmosphere, and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that the samples was pure perovskite-type phase. The Curite temperature of BNT-BT ceramics was high up to 348 degree C. The temperature dependence of dielectric permittivity and loss revealed there were two phase transitions, which were from ferroelectric (tetragonal) to anti-ferroelectric (rhombohedral) and anti-ferroelectric to paraelectric (cubic) in BNT-BT ceramics. Diffuse phase transitions were observed in BNT and BNT-BT ceramics and the Curie-Weiss Exponent (CWE) were nearly 2.
Design of a Reconfigurable Modular Underwater Vehicle
Authors: Wang Yu Jia , Zhang Hua Qing , Zhang Ming Jun , Su Hao
Published: August 2011

To improve the adaptability of small underwater vehicle for different requirements in various work, it propose a innovative design scheme to provide a reconfigurable structure for underwater vehicle. By analyzing the current structure of modern modular underwater vehicles and considering the future application requirements of small underwater vehicle, it partition independent standard module for each functional unit and design the mechanical and electrical interface for the connection of those modules. Furthermore, it gives some feasible reconfigurable structure of the modular underwater vehicle to meet the typical application requirements.
Antioxidiation of Extract of Chinese Quince on Oil
Authors: Huang Shi Ying
Published: August 2011

Purposes: antioxidation of Extract of Chinese Quince on Oil was studied in this paper. Methods: the extract of Chinese Quince was prepared first, then to mixed with lard or peanut oil, in order to determinate their antioxidation. Results: the results showed that the extract of water, 50%alcohol,50% methanol and acetic ester had antioxidation on lard and peanut oil. Conclusion: in comparison, it was found that the effect of antioxidation of 50% methanol and water were preferably, and water was the premium. Chinese Quince is the fruit of Common Floweringquince that belongs to family of Rosaceae. Its Chinese name Mugua was first found in , also called Mao or Tiejiaoli in several other Chinese traditional medicine books such as  and . For example, Li shizhen said that according to  Mao is another name of Mugua. Guopu commented that Mugua is like a small melon which is eatable and that is what the name is after.  wrote as ”Mugua is nowadays very popular, while it is of the best type in the city of XuanCheng. Its tree is like a nai tree. Its flowers are in dark red and blossom in the late spring. Its fruits are of size up to water mellon and down to fist. The people in Xuanzhou are good at cultivating Mugua. They plant Mugua in the valleys. When the fruits are ripe they will put them under sunlight and the fruits will turn into red.” Mugua tastes sore and are tender in character. It is good for liver and spleen. It can be used for relaxing muscles, removing body moist and tending stomach [1-5]. Recently the research on its effective factors and the corresponding development of functional food has become an important area. Although the wine making by fermentation of Chinese quince has been reported, the research on the antioxidation effects of extract of Chinese Quince on oil is rather limited. Therefore, we are aiming at providing more theoretical support for discovering the resource of Chinese Quince by focusing on the antioxidation effects of Chinese Quince.
Effect of Size on Degradation of Porous Poly(Lactic Acid) Scaffold
Authors: Guo Chao , Sheng Xiao Bo , Chu Cheng Lin , Dong Yin Sheng
Published: August 2011

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds with different sizes are often fabricated for various requirements. A cellular automaton simulation was used to investigate the effect of the size on the degradation behaviors of porous PLA scaffolds. Four porous PLA scaffolds with 90% initial porosity and different sizes were established by a novel repeat unit method. Mass loss and the change in molecular weight during the degradation were simulated. The results indicate that mass loss is related to the size of the porous scaffold while molecular weight change is independent on the size. With the size of the porous scaffold increasing, the mass loss increases while the difference in mass loss between the scaffolds with different sizes decreases. All these changes can be attributed to the difference in the autocatalytic effect and corresponding oligomer diffusion ability of the porous scaffolds with different sizes.
Experimental Research on Effect of Hot Works on Mechanical Performance of Ship Steel Plate
Authors: Wang Hua Ming , Zhao Han Xing , Dai Yong Jia , Rui Xiao Song
Published: August 2011

Hot works is an important method for fairing the ship steel plate to improve the quality of shipbuilding, while the mechanical performance of the ship steel plate may be affected during the fairing process, which could result to some safe problems on the structural strength. DH32 high-strength ship steel plate, which is a kind of widely used material in shipbuilding industry, is taken as an object of the present experimental study. Some main parameters of the plate’s mechanical property through hot-works treatment for different times are investigated systematically. Through analyzing the variation of the mechanical properties, some conclusions are drawn and some useful suggestions put forward.
The Effect of Aluminum Clad on the Electrochemical Properties of the Similar Weld of Friction-Stir Welding of 2524
Authors: Shen Chang Bin , Zhang Jia Yan , Ge Ji Ping , Yan Feng
Published: August 2011

Microstructures, static weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization curves were carried out on the Friction-stir welds of Al clad 2524 alloy with the thickness of 1.35 mm. The results indicated that the microstructures of the Nugget had been remarkably reshaped. A dynamical recrystallization took place on the zone of the weld nugget and an equiaxed grain structure formed. The static weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization curves results indicated that the resistance of corrosion of the base material (with aluminum clad) was superior to that of its weld, but the anti-corrosive ability of the weld was superior to that of the base material without aluminum clad.
Analysis on Properties of Water-Based Fire-Retardant Nano-Coatings
Authors: Chang Ho , Kuo Zi How , Tsai Kuang Chung , Chen Tien Li
Published: August 2011

The study explores the effects of the flame-retardant properties of nano-particles on water-based fire-retardant coatings, which include the effects on thermal stability and combustion properties. The coating used by the paper is acrylate resin (VAC), which is added with 3 basic components, including fire-retardant ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine (APP-PER-MEL), to form an itumescent fire retardant (IFR). Then the fire retardent is added with magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2, MH) nano-particles, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) and zinc borate (ZB) nano-powders of different concentrations, to form water-based fire-retardant coatings. By adjusting and controlling the concentration ratios of flame retardant to the 3 kinds of nano-particles with different profiles, the study analyzes the fire-retardant multiplying effect of nano-particles on water-based coatings. The nano-coatings mixed in special proportion are coated on plywood. Through thermogeavimetric analyzer (TGA) and cone calorimeter (CCT), the study inspects the thermal stability and combustion properties of water-based fire-retardant nano-coatings. The experimental results show that when the fire-retardant nano-coating composed of MH of concentration 28% and MWNT of concentration 2% is compared with the fire-retardant coating added with flame retardant only, the amount of residue can be increased by around 80% at combustion temperature 580°C. Besides, when the fire-retardant nano-coating composed of MH of weight concentration 28% and MWNT of weight concentration 2% is compared with the fire-retardant coating added with flame retardant only, the maximum heat release can be decreased by about 15%. The time required for this fire-retardant nano-coating to achieve maximum heat release is delayed by around 70 seconds when compared with other samples. Besides, the char-layered structure formed during thermal decomposition of nano-coating is more compact than the char-layered structure of water-based coating composed of the flame-retardant APP-PER-MEL components only. Therefore, nano-coatings can effectively decrease the transfer of heat and inflammable volatiles to plywood surface, and can enhance the flame retardant performance of plywood.
Research on Electrical Double Percolation of Carbon Black-Filled Cement-Based Composites
Authors: Ru Hong Zhong , Zhao Ran Ran
Published: August 2011

Electrical conductive carbon black-filled cement-based composites are significant as multifunctional structural materials. Double percolation in carbon black-filled cement-based composites involves both carbon black particle percolation and cement paste percolation, which has great effect on the resistivity of composites. Based on double percolation theory, the influences of sand-binder ratio and carbon black volume fraction on the resistivity of carbon black-filled cement-based composites are investigated. The results show that besides carbon black volume fraction, sand-binder ratio is a key factor affecting double percolation behavior in carbon black-filled cement-based composites. At a fixed carbon black content in overall mortar, with increasing sand-binder ratio, the cement paste percolation though aggregate phase increases due to high obstruction of aggregate but the carbon black particle percolation in cement paste decreases. This is because that the microstructure of aggregate is impenetrable so that the carbon black particles are limited in cement paste, that is, the carbon black content in paste is compacted and large amount of conductive paths are generated by lapped adjacent carbon black particles in paste. The double percolation in the electrical conduction in carbon black-filled cement-based composites is observed when the carbon black volume fraction is 7.5% and sand-binder ratio is 1.4, and its resistivity is only 3200 Ωcm, so that a sand-binder ratio of 1.4 and 7.5% carbon black volume fraction or more are recommended for attaining high conductivity with a compromise between workability and conductivity.
Preparation of the Microsphere-Sized Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogel Dispersed in Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Matrix and its Thermo-Responsive Releasing Behavior
Authors: Yuan Kun , Wang Xiao Fang , Zhu Yuan Cheng , Zuo Guo Fang
Published: August 2011

A novel thermo-responsive microsphere-sized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) composite hydrogels were prepared by gelation of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution containing ultra-fine CaCO3, then treated with 2wt% glutaraldehyde solution, sequencely with HCl acid, and PVA matrix with microsphere-sized pores obtained. The internal pores of the dry PVA matrix were filled with PNIPAm hydrogels to give a thermo-responsive composite hydrogels for drug carrier. The composite hydrogel was characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), temperature dependence of equilibrium swelling ratio in water of the composite hydrogels was also investigated. Rhodamine B (RB) was loaded to the composite hydrogels for release study.
Design of a Piezoelectrically Actuated Jumping Robot
Authors: Ho Thanhtam , Xin Li Li
Published: August 2011

This paper presents the design and simulation of a mesoscale robot that can jump vertically. The robot uses the vibration of a piezocomposite actuator named LIPCA. A ratchet mechanism is designed to convert the vertical vibration to angular displacement. Then the displacement is transferred to a pair of links such that a spring is compressed. The elastic energy of spring is used to make the robot jump vertically. Simulation results verify that the robot can jump as high as about three times its body height.
The Design of Combustion Control System Based on Fuzzy Immune Internal Model Controller
Authors: Yuan Gui Li
Published: August 2011

The controlled object of boiler combustion system in power plant is a complex system with nonlinear, timing change, large lagging and multi-variable coupling, and does not have precise mathematical model, so it is difficult to obtain the satisfactory control effect adopting the traditional PID control. Advanced control strategies are adopted to improve the performance of the boiler combustion control system, and it has been more and more the concern of the majority of electricity production enterprises. Internal model control is a very practical control method, and its main characteristic is simple structure, intuitive design and few online adjustment parameter, and easy adjustment policy. And it is especially particularly significant to improve the control effect of large delay system. The internal model control system is used in power station boiler combustion system, it can effectively solve the large delay, large inertia and other shortcomings, but there is the contradiction between the fast response and robustness in internal model control system. The fuzzy immune control has advantages, such as, fast response, fast stable and good robust, etc. The fuzzy immune control is introduced into internal model control system, this paper designs fuzzy immune internal model controller, which integrates speed and robustness of the internal model control. The fuzzy immune internal model control is applied to combustion control system, and we compare it with ordinary internal model control method. The simulation result shows that fuzzy immune internal model control can greatly improve the characteristics of the control system with time delay. And this effectiveness of the fuzzy immune internal model controller has been verified.
Conjugate Limits and Interferential Condition as Milling the Helical Face
Authors: Ding Wei , Wang Xin Yu
Published: August 2011

The screw of the helical face is used widely. But the lower precision and the interference are the questions for the perplexing screw. The problems of the conjugate limits and the conditions of involving as milling the helical face and the characteristic of the contact line are discussed. These provide the basis math model for the milling cutter design and these provide the theoretical basis for the parameter selection when the cutter is damped.
Formation of the Intermetallic Layers in Ti-Al Multilayer Composites
Authors: Mali Vjacheslav I. , Pavliukova Daria V. , Bataev Ivan A. , Bataev Anatoliy A. , Smirnov Alexander I. , Yartsev Pavel S. , Bazarkina Valeria V.
Published: August 2011

Commercially pure aluminum and commercially pure titanium plates have been explosively welded and annealed at temperature of 630 °C for 5, 20, 50 and 100 hours. The investigation of intermetallic formed during explosion welding and heat treatment processes has been carried out. The metallographic studies showed variation in the intermetallic volume fraction according to the deformation degree of different interfaces. Moreover the relation between the intermetallic layer thickness and time of explosively welded “Al-Ti” composite annealing has been found. The X-ray analysis reviled that intermetallic layer formed during the heat treatment process consisted of Al3Ti compound.
Two-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of Tubular Cathode in a Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell
Authors: Tang Dong , Chen Huan , Hou Quan Hui , Lv Hui Min , Ni Hong Jun
Published: August 2011

Analytical model is a valuable tool for the design process and performance optimization of fuel cell systems. In this paper, two-dimensional mathematical models of the tubular cathode in a direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC), which include models of catalyst layer，support body, diffusion layer and gas flow, are developed to describe not only the electrochemical kinetics on the tubular cathode, but also multi-component transfer process in the tubular cathode. The model of spherical agglomerate is used in the catalyst layer, and the effect of ethanol penetration on oxygen reaction of the tubular cathode is also considered. Based on the model, Comsol Miphysics is used to simulate the concentration distribution of components and the current density distribution. Additional, the influence of diffusion layer and catalyst layer in the tubular cathode and the cell operating conditions on the performance of DEFC are analyzed. The results show that the mass transfer resistance exists in the diffusion layer, and the gas concentration decreases inside the battery. It is further showed that electrochemical reactions mainly happen in the catalyst layer, and oxygen concentration decrease rapidly at this time, while the water concentration can be increased.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Welded Lap Joints of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Authors: Zhao Yong , Huang Jian , Zhao Ying , Wu Yi Xiong
Published: August 2011

Microstructures and mechanical properties of welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy lap joints are discussed under different parameter conditions of laser welding. The results reveal that the fusion zone consists mainly of acicular α＇martensite. The shear strength of the lap joint reaches a maximum of 836MPa at a laser power of 4kW and welding speed of 2.3m/min. When the laser power is 4kW and the welding speed is 2.1m/min, microstructures of weld joint become coarse and the shear strength falls to 736MPa. The microhardness value in the weld zone is the highest and it gradually reduces from the weld center to base metal due to the difference of microstructure. When the weld heat input is constant, larger laser power has resulted in growth of the grain and the decrease of shear strength and microhardness of lap joints.
A Domain Ontology-Based Knowledge Organization Model for Complex Product Design
Authors: Liu Ji Hong , Li Bo , Yu Xu , Du Jun Peng
Published: August 2011

Complex product design is a knowledge-intensive process that involves various aspects of technical knowledge and experience. This paper contends that the conventional Product Data Management (PDM) system has some inherent limitations due to its original intention to manage processes and results, not to manage and reuse knowledge. Therefore, to overcome the shortage that knowledge cannot be discovered and reused effectively in PDM systems, a “Domain Ontology - Index Knowledge – Data Resource” (OKD) three-layer mapping model is proposed to organize DK. The key idea behind our approach is a flexible ontology-based schema that domain ontology is used as semantic model and index knowledge as data indexing to enable the capture and reuse of problem-solving knowledge to improve PDM’s performance. Finally, conclusion is made.
Impact Analysis of Aluminum-Fibre Laminated Composite
Authors: Sharma Pulkit , Kumar Rahul , Ranjan Rajeev , Bhat Sunil
Published: August 2011

Impact analysis of an advanced laminated composite comprising aerospace 2024-T3 aluminum alloy and resin impregnated E-glass fiber layers with different stacking sequences is presented in the paper. The panel under study is subjected to load-time history equivalent to the low velocity crash using FEM software ANSYS 12. Stress values in the laminate are found to be discontinuous at the interfaces whereas the displacements are continuous across the interfaces. The maximum stress and displacement values in the laminate are comparable with those in monolithic aluminum alloy panel of same thickness.
Reinforced Mineral Particles by Surface Coating
Authors: Wang Bo , Greene Michael
Published: August 2011

Minerals particles such as diatomite and perlite can be reinforced by coating their surfaces with aluminum silicate or zirconium silicate. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the surface of the coated particles is covered by a layer of a glassy/ceramic type coating. Test results indicate that the compaction strength of perlite particles can be increased significantly, approximately 9–fold in the case of the aluminum silicate coating. The aluminum silicate and zirconium silicate coated diatomite fillers also increase paint film scrub resistance either due to the harder glassy/ceramic coatings on diatom surface or due to the stronger bonding between the coated diatomite particles and the resin.
Ethanol Sensing Properties of Tungsten Oxide Nanocubes Prepared by a Urea-Assisted Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Wei Wu , Su Xin Tai , Xiao Feng , Li Ya Ni
Published: August 2011

A facile hydrothermal process has been employed to synthesize WO3nanocubes using urea as an assistant agent. The crystal structure and morphology of WO3nanocubes have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microcopy (SEM) and transmission electron microcopy (TEM). XRD, SEM and TEM images of the products illustrate that WO3square nanostructures have a single orthorhombic phase, length of ~ 100-200 nm and thickness of ~ 40 nm. The ethanol sensing property of as-prepared tungsten oxide nanocubes is studied at ethanol concentration of 10-1000 ppm and working temperature of 160-400 °C. The result shows that the WO3 nanocubes have high sensitivity to ethanol because of their small size and special morphology.
A Method of Dual Number for the Aerodynamic Property Analysis of Gas-Lubricated Mechanism：Self-Pressurizing Thrust Bearings and Non-Contacting Face Seals
Authors: Xu Wan Fu , Li Xiu Hua , Ma Gang
Published: August 2011

By using dual number, the dynamic property of gas-lubricated thrust bearings or non-contacting face seals is analyzed in the small perturbation approximation, then an essential conclude, that the perturbation dynamic Reynolds’ equations independently of its whirl frequency, is advanced. According to this, the calculation of the stiffness and damping coefficients independently of system motion equations of bearings and seals is expedited.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Property for H2O2 Reduction of Co3O4 Nanocubes
Authors: Yang Zhi Ai , Feng Li Jin , Wang Xia , Ma Rong , Sun Jian Ping , Song Xu Chun
Published: August 2011

Subscript textThe Co3O4 nanocubes were synthesized by hydrothermal process. The products are characterized in detail by multiform techniques: scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The results show that the products are uniform nanocubes with an average crystallite size about 20-40 nm. Electrocatalytic property of the prepared Co3O4 nanocubes was characterized by linear sweep voltammetry. LSV results indicate that Co3O4 nanocubes exhibit a remarkable electrocatalytic activity for the H2O2 reduction.
Study on Application of Nanosilica in Paper Coating
Authors: Liu Quan Xiao , Lv Yu Bin , Li Jin Li , Xu Wen Cai
Published: August 2011

The application of nanosilica in coating of art paper and ink-jet paper is studied. The results show that when nanosilica is used in art paper coating, the dispersity and flowability of the art paper coating are excellent. The surface strength, smoothness and gloss of the paper coated with art paper coating with nanosilica are improved and its yellowing rate is decreased. When nanosilica is used in ink-jet paper coating, the dispersity of prepared ink-jet paper coating is of better, the coated paperboard with ink-jet paper coating with nanosilica is of ink transfer larger, K&N value higher and whiteness higher. The smoothness and gloss of paperboard coated with ink-jet paper coating with silica are improved. The combination application of more kinds of adhesives improves the print gloss of paperboard coated with ink-jet paper coating with silica.
Preparation of Microfibers with Multi-Hollow Structure by Co-Electrospinning
Authors: Zhu Wei Bao , Zhang Xiao Chao , Wang Yan Ping , Wang Yi Min
Published: August 2011

Co-electrospinning has been one of the most important and viable methods to prepare microfibers with hollow structure. In the process of co-electrospinning, microfibers were formed from polymer solution or melt by the action of high voltage electric field. In this article, the compound Taylor cone, a major parameter determining success or failure to prepare the hollow microfibers, was studied and the patterns of compound cone were summarized. The microfibers with single, double and triplicate holes in the cross-section were fabricated successfully under the guide of these patterns. The morphology of hollow microfibers was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Relationship Between Interfacial Shear Strength and Interfacial Tension of Silicone/Quartz Glass Fiber Composites
Authors: Hu Chun Ping , Jiang Bo , Shi Bao Li , Wang Bing , Liu Li , Huang Yu Dong
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the surface tension components of three silicone resins were determined with an advanced contact angle technique, which was composed of dynamic cycling contact angle and axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA). The interfacial properties of three silicone/quartz glass fiber composites were measured through interfacial shear strength (IFSS) testing experiment. It was found that the Lifshitz–van der Waals component was the main surface tension component for all of the silicones. There is a perfect linear relationship between the interfacial tension and the IFSS. With the increase of the Lifshitz-van der Waals component, the interfacial tension and the IFSS of composites increased. Therefore, the Lifshitz-van der Waals component is the most important parameter for explaining the interfacial shear property of silicone/glass fiber composites.
Low-Temperature Molten Salt Synthesis of NiWO4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Yu Jiang , Wang Yong Gang
Published: August 2011

NiWO4 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a molten salt method at 270°C. The as-prepared powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and exhibited a pure phase NiWO4 with about 50 nm in particle size and uniform nearly-spherical particle shape.
Study on Hydrothermal Synthesis of Flower-Sphere MoS2
Authors: Zhou Jun , Lan Xin Zhe , Ren Ping , Wu Lei
Published: August 2011

An effective technology of hydrothermal synthesizing flower-sphere MoS2 by reaction of Na2MoO4 and CS(NH2)2 with NH2OH•HCl as reductant was researched. The effect of the molar ratio of Mo to S, reaction temperature, reaction time, aging time on the yield, purity and morphology of the product was explored by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the optimal synthesis conditions are as follows: the molar ratio of Mo to S of 1:7, the temperature of 220°C, the reaction time of 24h and the aging time of 16h. Under these conditions, the inerratic and pure flower-sphere MoS2 was obtained. Its average particle size is about 2μm and the petal is self-assembly growth. The yield of the product can reach 88%.
Study on CPM9V High Speed Steel Ring Prepared by Spray Forming
Authors: Xu Yi , Ge Chang Chun
Published: August 2011

CPM9V high speed steel(HSS) ring billet was prepared by spray forming(SF), the yield is 83.5%, porosity is 0.8%, spray forming preparation method and technological parameter were illustrated. The microstructure and carbide morphology on the different position of billet were observed. The results show that carbide particles have small size, regular shape and uniform distribution, alloy element without segregation. There are some pores and defects in the position of ring billet closed to deposition substrate, come from spray forming instability beginning stage.
The Effect of PH on the Efficiency of Isoniazid as Corrosion Inhibitors of Brass in 3.0% NaCl Solution
Authors: Huang Xiao Hong , Zhang Sheng Tao , Hu Lian Yue
Published: August 2011

This paper investigates the Isoniazid as chemical corrosion inhibitors for brass in 3.0% NaCl solution of different pH, employing polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS), weight loss, and SEM. It is found that the inhibition efficiency of Isoniazid enhances with the increasing of the solution pH, from about 71% at pH 6.5 to 92% at pH 10.5. This improvement is attributed to the stronger adsorption of Isoniazid in alkaline solution, to prevent the occuring of the corrosion reaction of brass.
Research and Implementation on Variant Design Based on Product Assembly Model
Authors: Wu Wei Zhong , Fan Cai Xia , Chen Bang Jun , Gu Ji Qiang
Published: August 2011

Firstly, realizes module partition and simplification of product level CAD model using modularization and hierarchy design flow. Then, identifies the correlative relations of the same rank subassemblies through their individual main control part; identifies the correlative relations between all parts in one subassembly or between all features in one part through main control parameters of each part. Finally, builds an assembly tree based on all association rules for variant design of conveyor, and confirms the feasibility of this method.
Negative Thermal Expansion of Tm2Fe15SiCr Compound
Authors: Liang Fei Fei , Hao Yan Ming , Wu Yan Zhao
Published: August 2011

The thermal expansion and the Curie temperature of Tm2Fe15SiCr compound have been investigated by means of x-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. The result shows that the Tm2Fe15SiCr compound has a hexagonal Th2Ni17-type structure. One Cr and one Si atoms substituting for two Fe atoms can increase the Curie temperature obviously. In magnetic state, an anisotropic anomalous thermal expansion was observed. Along the c-axis, the average linear thermal expansion coefficient αc=-2.04×10-5/K in the temperature range 303-460K. Along the a-axis, the average linear thermal expansion coefficient αa=-8.09×10-5/K in 370-410K. In the temperature range 370-450K, the average volume thermal expansion coefficient αv =-2.08×10-5/K. The mechanism of the thermal expansion anomaly of Tm2Fe15SiCr compound was discussed in this paper.
Effect of Vanadium on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Air Cooled Medium Carbon High Silicon Bainite Steels
Authors: Miao Jun , Wang Li Jun , Liu Chun Ming
Published: August 2011

The effect of vanadium on the bainite transformation of medium carbon high silicon steel during air cooling was studied by using Optical Microscopy (OM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The mechanical properties of the test steels subjected to heat treatment were measured by tensile, hardness and impact tests. The results showed that, through the same heat treatment process, the microstructure of the V-alloyed steel was comprised of Carbide-Free Bainite (CFB, bainite + retained austenite) and martensite while the microstructure of the V-free steel was composed of ferrite/pearlite, which made the V-alloyed steels exhibit superior combination of strength, hardness and toughness to the V-free steel, but the elongation of the V-alloyed steel was worse than that of the V-free steel somewhat. Vanadium was helpful for the transformation of bainite in the tested medium carbon high silicon steel under air cooling condition. The carbon-enriched retained austenite films in the CFB enhanced the toughness of the V-alloyed steel.
Corroded Behavior of 310S Stainless Steel in Molten Al-Si Eutectic Alloy
Authors: Mao Ling Bo , Zhang Ren Yuan , Li Feng
Published: August 2011

Corroded behavior of 310S stainless steel by molten Al-Si eutectic alloy in high temperature thermal cycles of 495～620°C was investigated. SEM/EDX, XRD and metallographic technique were used for observing and analyzing the morphology, composition and internal microstructure of the corrosion specimens. Results showed: on the surface of 310S stainless steel, after corroded through 300 melting-solidification thermal cycles, a corrosion layer of about 3μm thick, composed mainly of Fe2Al5 phase and FeAl3 phase was formed. Besides, upon observation of internal microstructure of 310S stainless steel after corrosion, plenty intercrystalline precipitation was present, which resulted in relatively severe intercrystalline corrosion. This was considered the principal factor that compromised mechanical property of the specimen of 310S stainless steel.
The Effect of Quenching Media on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SA508-3 Steel
Authors: Hao Lu Han , Sun Ming Yue , Li Dian Zhong
Published: August 2011

Three different quenching media (water, oil and air) were used to compare the effect of cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SA508-3 steel. The result has demonstrated that the microstructure for water-quenched specimen is the mixture of martensite and lower bainite, for oil-quenched specimen is the mixture of upper bainite，lower bainite and a little martensite, while for air-cooled specimen is mostly granular bainite. The product of water and oil Q&T was tempered martensite with qualified mechanical properties. The air-cooled granular bainite was translated to massive and allotriomorphic ferrite during tempering, which had poor mechanical properties. To avoid the formation of granular bainite, it is necessary to increase the cooling rate to above 5°C/s.