bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Non-Traditional Activities Matter for Income Diversification and Performance of Islamic Banks in Indonesia?
Authors: Wafaretta Vega
Published: July 2020

Non-traditional activities are started being concerned. It is questionable whether Islamic banks follow the trend of utilizing non-traditional activities to promote income. Therefore, it is important to examine the trend and the diversification among traditional (Profit Loss Sharing (PLS) and non-PLS) and non-traditional activities by Islamic banks. This study also examines the impact of these three activities on performance and how diversification affects performance. Eleven (11) Islamic banks are tested for a period of 2010-2018. This study finds that revenue is mostly earned from non-PLS activities, non-traditional activities and the lowest one is PLS activities as PLS activities contain high risks. This study also finds that PLS and non-PLS activities affect performance. Meanwhile,non-traditional activities can not necessarily be shift of traditional activities and doesnot play a major role in performance.It can be due to only fewer instruments of non-traditional activities that are available and suitable with Islamic banks. Besides, diversification does not affect performance which indicates that diversification is not optimal yet in supporting income. This results imply in providing information for Islamic bankers about how activities can diversify the income. 
Keywords:traditional activities,non-traditional activities,IslamicBanks,diversification, performance
Religious Factor in the Formation of Youth Mentality
Authors: Ashnokova L.M. , Namitokova M.N.
Published: July 2020

In the article the author considers the issue that currently mentality is influenced primarily by economic, social, cultural, religious, political factors. The most important factor affecting the mentality, behavior, character of an individual, social group is religion. Today in the world the mental traits of any social group, especially youth, are more susceptible to change, since the historical development of the mentality of young people is more dynamic than the development of the mentality of other demographic groups, as it is more susceptible to innovation and innovation. Most young Russians in all regions of our multi-confessional country perceive themselves as believers. The difference in religious beliefs contributes to the separation of the youth social group. To prevent religious conflicts, it is important to form a tolerant attitude of representatives of different faiths to each other. It is indicated that the so-called imaginary religiosity appeared, when only external religiosity is presented without a deep internal commitment to dogma. These processes are most clearly visible among young people. The confessional identification of the young generation of Russians in most cases is determined purely ethnically. Often young people determine their religion not by deep convictions, but by a formal-ethnic principle. It is emphasized that at present in Russian society there are not enough cultural and moral prerequisites for the revival of genuine religious spirituality, and the difference in religious beliefs contributes to the separation of the youth environment.
Paulo Freire e a educação popular: elementos de (des)colonialidade na experiência do CFES/Sul / Paulo Freire and popular education...
Authors: Adams Telmo , Pielke Luciane Rocha Ferreira
Published: July 2020

O artigo, em caráter de ensaio, tem como objetivo teorizar sobre aspectos teórico-metodológicos da Educação Popular e suas implicações em diferentes contextos escolares e não escolares, bem como buscar convergências com o pensamento pedagógico (des)colonial enfatizando a contribuição freireana. Como exemplificação estabelece-se uma relação com a Economia Solidária, especificamente, a experiência educativa desenvolvida com o Centro de Formação e Apoio a Assessoria Técnica em Economia Solidária – Região Sul do Brasil – CFES/Sul. Como resultados, conclui-se que a Educação Popular tem sua potencialidade na alternatividade que necessita ser constantemente (re)construída em seus sentidos frente a cada contexto, com constante redefinição de seu projeto de transformação. Os processos pedagógicos desenvolvidos no programa de Formação do CFES focaram no exercício de processos participativos autogestionários. As relações de poder que se estabeleceram foram identificadas por meio de tipologias que mostraram convergências e tensionamentos entre Educação Popular e (des)colonialidade. O estudo tem mostrado que uma pedagogia descolonial se coloca, ainda, como um dos desafios a ser incorporado nos espaços de Educação Popular, neste caso, da Economia Solidária.Palavras-chave: Educação Popular; (Des)colonialidade; Pesquisa e Educação; Economia Solidária.ABSTRACT: The article, as an essay, aims to theorize about theoretical and methodological aspects of Popular Education and its implications in different school and non-school contexts, as well as to seek convergences with (de)colonial pedagogical thinking emphasizing Freire's contribution. As an example, a relationship with the Solidarity Economy is established, specifically, with the educational experience developed with the Education and Support Center for Technical Assistance in Solidarity Economy - Southern Brazil - CFES/South. As a result, it is concluded that Popular Education has its potential in alternativity that needs to be constantly (re)constructed in its senses in relation to each context, with a constant redefinition of its transformation project. The pedagogical processes developed in the CFES education program focused on the exercise of self-managed participatory processes. The power relations that were established were identified through typologies that showed convergences and tensions between Popular Education and (de)coloniality. The study has shown that a decolonial pedagogy is still one of the challenges to be incorporated in the spaces of Popular Education, in this case, of Solidarity Economy.Keywords: Popular Education; (De)coloniality; Research and education; Solidarity Economy.
Tu casa ya no está. Imaginarios del habitar residencial en las letras del tango rioplatense
Authors: Sabugo Mario
Published: July 2020

Algunas nociones de habitar adquieren significados alternativos en el imaginario de las letras del tango rioplatense, vinculados a las contradicciones antropológicas, urbanas, ambientales y paisajísticas que articulan la oposición simbólica entre «barrio» y «centro». La relevancia de estos significados alternativos radica en la expresión de las imágenes de la cultura popular. Esos significados serían inconmensurables con los significados instituidos. Esta distinción entre significados alternativos e instituidos es crucial en torno a los argumentos históricos sobre la arquitectura y el urbanismo. La revisión de las representaciones simbólicas de la «casa» por fuera de las limitaciones estructuralistas y funcionalistas, puede dar lugar a nuevos criterios sobre diseño.
Arquitectura en Exposición. 14ª. Bienal de Arquitectura de Venecia
Authors: Abella Patricia , Carrau María Josefina
Published: July 2020

La arquitectura en su vocación de arte cívico ha sentido la necesidad de educar a las masas en el entendimiento de determinados lenguajes, encontrando en los recintos expositivos el ámbito más propicio para la difusión de conocimiento. Las exposiciones de arquitectura se han convertido en un evento eficaz para el ejercicio de la pedagogía de masas. Desde las primeras exposiciones universales hasta la creación de los grandes museos y centros culturales, como los archiconocidos Moma en Nueva York y el Centro Pompidou en París, la arquitectura ha logrado introducirse en los medios de comunicación masivos junto al resto de las disciplinas artísticas. La Muestra Internacional de Arquitectura de la Bienal de Venecia es actualmente una de las instituciones más prestigiosas en cuanto a la difusión y promoción de la arquitectura contemporánea.
Estrategias para la difusión de los itinerarios culturales: el Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
Authors: Acosta Chávez Rocío Marcela
Published: July 2020

El concepto de itinerario cultural es relativamente nuevo, ya que fue aprobado en el año 2008, durante la 16ª.Asamblea General del Icomos, celebrada en Quebec, Canadá. Este concepto es muestra –como lo afirma su preámbulo– de la evolución de las ideas acerca de la visión de este concepto y de la importancia que cobran el entorno y la escala territorial.La conservación de un bien del patrimonio mundial depende en gran medida del grado de conocimiento y apropiación que tenga la comunidad en la que este se sitúa y de cómo se presente al exterior. Esta presentación se deberá hacer siguiendo parámetros de ética y utilizando las herramientas y técnicas adecuadas, para lo cual el Icomos ha creado documentos específicos como son las cartas generadas por los distintos comités científicos.El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro, primer itinerario cultural inscrito en la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial en el año 2010, representa un reto en cuanto a su difusión y promoción, dada la complejidad y variedad de los sitios que lo componen.
Talking to NICU Parents About Vaccination
Authors: Discenza Deborah
Published: July 2020

NICU parents are stressed, and adding vaccinations into the discussion can cause resistance. Their baby is already enduring pain with the various interventions keeping him alive, so a parent is likely to balk at the very mention of vaccinations. Enter Mary Koslap-Petraco, DNP, PPCNP-BC, CPNP, FAANP, who works with parents all the time around this issue. I interviewed her about how to help “vaccine-hesitant” parents come around in complying with vaccinations while in the NICU.
Tweets de la autoridad sanitaria en Chile en los albores de la crisis del coronavirus
Authors: Peña-y-Lillo Macarena
Published: July 2020

Introducción: En una crisis sanitaria las redes sociales son canales clave entre organismos públicos y ciudadanos. Este trabajo examina la comunicación del Ministerio de Salud de Chile en Twitter durante las semanas previas e iniciales de la crisis del Coronavirus en el país. Objetivos: Determinar si el Ministerio utilizó Twitter como un canal de comunicación directo con la ciudadanía. Métodos: Se descargaron los tweets emitidos por la cuenta oficial del Ministerio entre el 11 de febrero y el 6 de abril de 2020. Cada publicación fue clasificada según tipo (tweet, retweet, etc.); de acuerdo a si abordaba contenidos relativos al Coronavirus y si el mensaje iba dirigido a público general o a la prensa. Resultados: Los tweets emitidos por la cuenta y la proporción de éstos que referían a la pandemia aumentaron conforme avanzaban las semanas. Mientras en las semanas pre-crisis predominaron mensajes vinculados a los medios masivos, en las semanas sucesivas cobraron relevancia publicaciones dirigidas a la ciudadanía. Conclusión: La estrategia de comunicación en Twitter cambió en el transcurso de las ocho semanas analizadas probablemente debido a la extensión de los alcances de la emergencia y a modificaciones relativas a la responsabilidad organizacional en el abordaje de la crisis.
Mental body rotation with egocentric and object-based transformations in different postures: sitting vs. standing
Authors: Budde Kirsten , Barela José Angelo , Figueiredo Gabriella Andreeta , Weigelt Matthias
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: A detail of previous studies on mental rotation, which has not received any attention so far, relates to the testing situation of the participants. In nearly every study, participants were tested in a sitting posture (and not standing). However, when considering embodied cognition approaches on mental processes, participants may not be able to fully exploit these processes when performing mental rotation tasks in a sitting posture.

AIM: Therefore, the aim of the present study is to examine the potential influence of two different postures (sitting vs. standing), when solving mental body rotation tasks.

METHOD: Sixteen participants (6 females) were tested in two mental body-rotation tasks (MBRT), requiring either an object-based spatial transformation (based on a same-different judgment) or an egocentric transformation (based on a left-right judgment) in a sitting and in a standing posture. Reaction times and response errors were analysed in two three-way ANOVAs, with the factors orientation, task, and posture.

RESULTS: Results revealed an effect of orientation and task, indicating that participants performed better for egocentric than for object-based transformations. However, there was no effect of posture.

CONCLUSION: The different dynamics of postural control during sitting and standing do not induce different embodiment effects on mental rotation.
KELURAHAN GUNUNG ANYAR RAMAH ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS
Authors: Indarwati Retno , Wahyuni Silvia Dwi , Fauziningtyas Rista
Published: July 2020

Persons with disabilities in Indonesia still experience negative stigma in society. Children with special needs are seen as burdensome, troublesome, embarrassing and useless. Because parents are embarrassed, the child is hidden sometimes the child is not schooled. The cause of these social problems is because the community does not understand about children with special needs. Efforts made to overcome these problems are education about children with special needs to cadres and motivation to parents. Cadres are social workers who are expected to be able to provide socialization to local residents. The second effort carries out motivation for ABK parents to be able to provide the best care for their children. The family is the first and foremost place in children's education. Care of children with special needs that are difficult is a burden for families. Support for the family aims to keep the family excited, able to go through difficult stages and not lose motivation in raising children with special needs. Purchasing educational toys to stimulate the growth and development of children with special needs.abstrakPenyandang disabilitas di Indonesia masih mengalami stigma negatif di masyarakat. Anak berkebutuhan khusus dianggap sebagai beban, merepotkan, memalukan dan tidak berguna. Karena orang tua malu maka anak disembunyikan kadang anak tidak disekolahkan. Penyebab permasalahan sosial tersebut karena masyarakat tidak paham tentang anak berkebutuhan khusus. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah edukasi tentang anak berkebutuhan khusus kepada kader dan motivasi kepada orang tua. Kader merupakan tenaga sosial yang diharapkan mampu memberi sosialisasi kepada warga sekitar. Upaya yang kedua melaksanakan motivasi kepada orang tua ABK agar mampu memberikan perawatan terbaik untuk anaknya. Keluarga merupakan tempat pertama dan utama dalam pendidikan anak. Perawatan anak berkebutuhan khusus yang sulit merupakan beban tersendiri bagi keluarga. Dukungan kepada keluarga bertujuan agar keluarga tetap bersemangat, mampu melewati tahap–tahap sulit dan tidak kehilangan motivasi dalam membesarkan anak berkebutuhan khusus. Pembelian alat permainan edukatif untuk menstimulasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak berkebutuhan khusus.
PENGEMBANGAN KAPASITAS PEREMPUAN BAGI IBU-IBU RELAWAN PROGRAM PALIATIF DI DESA KAMBINGAN DAN DESA KREMBUNG, KECAMATAN CERME, KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Asmorowati Sulikah , Dhamanty Inge
Published: July 2020

The high rate of deaths caused by serious illnesses has led the World Health Organization (WHO) to recommend palliative care that is considered to be able to improve the quality of patient’s live Palliative care or service is service for patients with serious illnesses, such as cancer (stadium or end-stage). In this activity, however, palliative care and service is extended so that it includes diseases that are not contagious but deadly (thus, contributed significantly to mortality rate), including such illnesses as diabetes, high-blood pressure, cholesterol, stroke and other similar illnesses. These illnesses are now increasingly being suffered by and become the major cause of death (caused by illnesses) amongst Indonesians. In order to increase the availability of palliative services in the target area, this community project provides training and assistance to develop women’s capacity in the villages of Kambingan and Ngembung, Cerme, Gresik, so that they are ready to volunteers for palliative care and service in their respective communities. The projects were conducted by providing material through lectures, and modules; followed by assistance to form a team of palliative case and service. At the end, this project resulted in the increasing understanding, and capacity of women (and mothers or PKK member), as the target groups about palliative care and services. In turn, the women were then ready to become volunteers for palliative care and program.abstrakTingginya tingkat kematian akibat penyakit serius membuat WHO menyarankan untuk melakukan perawatan paliatif yang dianggap dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Program atau layanan paliatif adalah pelayanan kepada pasien dengan penyakit berat, yaitu kanker (stadium akhir). Dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat (pengmas) ini, layanan paliatif diperluas sehingga meliputi pula penyakit-penyakit yang tidak menular namun mematikan, seperti penyakit diabates, darah tinggi, kolesterol, stroke dan sejenisnya yang dewasa ini semakin banyak di derita masyarakat Indonesia. Kegiatan pengmas ini memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan untuk mengembangkan kapasitas ibu-ibu tim penggerak dan anggota PKK di Desa Kambingan dan Desa Ngembung, Kecamatan Cerme, Kabupaten Gresik agar siap untuk menjadi relawan program paliatif di lingkungan masyarakat masing-masing. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah dengan pemberian materi melalui ceramah, pemberian modul, serta pendampingan pembentukan tim paliatif sebagai follow-up kegiatan. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatnya pemahaman masyarakat khususnya ibu-ibu tentang layanan paliatif, serta meningkatnya kapasitas mereka,sehingga siap menjadi relawan program paliatif.
A Bibliometric Analysis and Mapping of On-Line Registration System in Hospital
Authors: Dimisyqiyani Erindah , Sedianingsih Sedianingsih , Sinulingga Rizky Amalia , Azizah Nurul
Published: July 2020

This study analyzes the Bibliometric study about online registration at the hospital. This analysis includes statistical information obtained from the Scopus database of 1,456 research journals taken from 1999 to 2019. Keywords verified from the survey result are used to retrieve relevant articles from the database. The result of the study shows that the journal article occupies the top position is "Gefitinib plus the best supportive care in patients previously treated with difficult to cure non-small lung cancer: Results of a multicentre, multicentre randomized, placebo-controlled study (Evaluation of Iressa Survival in Lung Cancer" written by Thatcher N., Chang A ., Parikh P., JR Pereira, Ciuleanu T., Von Pawel J., Thongprasert S., Tan EH, Pemberton K., Archer V., Carroll K with the number of citation 1,852 in 2005. The best author who wrote a journal article related to online registration is Jaffray, DA which donated nine research article publications related to online registration. The institution that most donated  article publications is the University of Toronto, 54 journal articles. The majority of paper publications was dominated by United State with 326 papers. The number of articles written with this theme have increased from year to year, in other words this theme is still a tranding topic to be researched and developed by researchers.
INTEGRATIVE APPROACH: PARADIGMATIC AND IMPLEMENTATIVE REVIEWS IN LEARNING FIQIH IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Mutma’inah Siti
Published: July 2020

This study discusses the Integrative Approach: Paradigmative and Implementative Review in Fikih Learning. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the integrative paradigm and its implementation in learning Fikih in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The research method used is qualitative approach with analytical descriptive method. The result of research stated that the learning of Islamic Religious Education, including Fikih need to contain approach and paradigm of integrative science, so that the learning process delivered by the teacher becomes intact, and not separating each other from one science to another. Fikih subjects are no longer just normative but also scientific. Understanding that resulted from integrative Fikih learning will lead learners to learn in totality, and make Fikih as a part of real life needed by them.
Service Learning in Health Care for Underserved Communities: University of Iowa Mobile Clinic, 2019
Authors: Palma Melissa L. , Arthofer Andrea , Halstead Kristen M. , Wahba Joyce M. , Martinez Denise A.
Published: July 2020

The University of Iowa Mobile Clinic (UIMC) is an interdisciplinary student-run free medical clinic founded in 2002. UIMC provides free health screenings, education, and basic services to underserved populations in Iowa: immigrants, refugees, migrant farmworkers, individuals experiencing homelessness, low-income individuals, and people who live in rural communities. Forty-four percent of patients surveyed use UIMC as their only source of care. Ninety-seven percent of patients surveyed rate care as excellent or good. UIMC is a crucial safety net health care resource in Iowa to improve health equity.
Marijuana Use Among Justice-Involved Youths After California Statewide Legalization, 2015–2018
Authors: Kan Emily , Beardslee Jordan , Frick Paul J. , Steinberg Laurence , Cauffman Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

Objectives. To determine the impact of California’s recreational marijuana legalization on marijuana use among justice system–involved (JSI) adolescents and young adults, and to distinguish whether any changes resulted from legalization (passing the law) or from implementation of the law.

Methods. We compared changes in JSI youths’ marijuana use in 2 states: California (n = 504), where recreational marijuana use was recently legalized, and Pennsylvania (n = 478), where recreational use is still prohibited. Furthermore, we examined changes in marijuana use across 3 key time periods (October 2015–June 2018): before legalization, after legalization but before implementation, and after implementation.

Results. California JSI youths did not demonstrate a significant increase in marijuana use after legalization (b = −0.010; P = .950) or implementation (b = −0.046; P = .846). However, in Pennsylvania, rates of marijuana use increased significantly after legalization (b = 0.602; P = .001) but not after implementation (b = 0.174; P = .533).

Conclusions. Although recreational marijuana legalization was not associated with changes in marijuana use among youths in California, we observed increased rates of use in Pennsylvania after legalization in California. Recreational marijuana laws may be indirectly related to youths’ marijuana use by supporting more permissive national attitudes toward marijuana.
Diagnosis of Culture-Negative Septic Arthritis with Polymerase Chain Reaction in an Immunosuppressed Patient
Authors: Whiting Zachariah G. , Doerre Teresa
Published: July 2020

Case:

We present a 23-year-old woman on immunosuppressive therapy with polyarticular, culture-negative septic arthritis. She underwent irrigation and debridement with empiric antibiotic therapy but had recurrence of septic arthritis despite treatment. Polymerase chain reaction testing eventually identified Ureaplasma as the causative organism. She was successfully treated with an extended course of organism-specific antibiotics.

Conclusion:

More patients are being treated with immune modulating therapies. Immunosuppressed patients are at risk for atypical infections and may have different presentations than immunocompetent patients. Newer diagnostic modalities can help identify causative organisms and direct treatment in the case of negative cultures.
MENYONGSONG PERADABAN 4.0 MELALUI PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN WEBSITE BAGI WARGA DESA PERBATASAN
Authors: Irawan Edi
Published: July 2020

Lahirnya  revolusi  industri  4.0  berkelindan  dengan  revolusi  peradaban  5.0.  Hal  ini menjadi  tantangan  sekaligus  peluang  bagi  masyarakat.  Kegiatan  pengabdian  kepada masyarakat  ini  berupaya  mengenalkan  sejak  dini  akan  lahirnya  era  disrupsi teknologi  ini  kepada  masyarakat.Selanjutnya,  masyarakat  diberikan  pelatihan pembuatan  website.  Sasaran  kegiatan  pengabdian  ini  adalah  warga  masyarakat Desa  Wates,  Kecamatan  Slahung,  Kabupaten  Ponorogo.  Pengabdian  kepada masyarakat  ini  menggunakan  pendekatan  asset  based  community  development (ABCD)  dengan  model  appreciative  inquiry  (AI).  Kegiatan  ini  telah  terlaksana dengan  baik  dan  terbukti  efektif  dalam  memberikan  pencerahan  kepada  masyarakat terkait  society  5.0  dan  teknik  membuat  dan  mengelola  website.  Indikator  lain pelaksanaan  pengabdian  kepada  masyarakat  ini  adalah  hasil  umpan  balik  dari para  subjek  dampingan,  dimana  sebagian  besar  menyatakan  bahwa  kegiatan  ini sangat  bermanfaat,  sesuai  kebutuhan  dan  juga  memberikan  dampak  nyata  bagi masyarakat  dampingan.
Sensitive and specific immunohistochemistry protocols for detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded COVID-19 patient tissues
Authors: Sun Yunguang , Ge Linna , Rau Mary J. , Patton Mollie D. , Gallan Alexander J. , Felix Juan C. , Rui Hallgeir
Published: July 2020

Human coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening and highly contagious disease caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Sensitive and specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in tissues and cells of COVID-19 patients will support investigations of the biologic behavior and tissue and cell tropism of this virus. We identified two commercially available affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies raised against Nucleocapsid and Spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 that provide sensitive and specific detection of the virus by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. Protocols are presented that are mutually validated by matched detection patterns of virus-infected cells in autopsy lung tissue of COVID-19 deceased patients by the two distinctly different antibodies. Negative controls include autopsy lung tissue from patient who died from non-COVID-19 respiratory disease and control rabbit immunoglobulin. SARS-CoV-2 detection in human tissues will provide insights into viral tissue and cell distribution and load in patients with active infection as well as provide insight into clearance of virus in late COVID-19 disease stages.
High insecticide resistances levels in Anopheles gambiaes s.l in northern Uganda and its relevance for future malaria control
Authors: Echodu Richard , Iga Julius , Oyet William Sam , Mireji Paul , Anena Juliet , Onanyang David , Iwiru Tereza , Lutwama Julius Julian , Opiyo Elizabeth Auma
Published: July 2020

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the level of insecticide resistance and diversity in Anopheles mosquitoes in northern Uganda. Standard WHO insecticide susceptibility test assays were used to test for susceptibility to 0.5% malathion, 0.1% bendiocarb, 0.05% deltamethrin and 0.75% permethrin on 3-5 day old generation one progeny. We also screened for species diversity and knockdown resistance using PCR assay.Results: Anopheles gambiae s.s is the predominant malaria vector in northern Uganda followed by An. arabiensis. An. gambiae s.s. was susceptible to malathion and bendiocarb with the observed mortality rate of 100% and 98-100% observed respectively while very high resistance was observed with deltamethrin and permethrin. Minimal KDR-eastern variant homozygous forms of 8.3% in An. gambiae s.s were detected in Oyam district. In conclusion, this study confirms that An. gambiae s.s. females are susceptible to malathion and bendiocarb while high intensity of resistance was observed with deltamethrin and permethrin in the same area. Use of carbamate and organophosphate insecticides bendiocarb and malathion for indoor residual spraying activities in northern Uganda is highly recommended since high levels of pyrethroids resistance (deltamethrin & permethrin) was detected in the area.
Synthesis and characterization of a silver nanoparticle-containing polymer composite with antimicrobial abilities for application in prosthetic and orthotic devices
Authors: Quintero-Quiroz Catalina , Botero Luz E , Zárate-Triviño Diana , Yepes Natalia Acevedo , Saldarriaga Jorge , Pérez Vera , Riano Luis Javier Cruz
Published: July 2020

Background:The presence of skin problems in patients using external lower limb prosthesis is recurrent. This has generated the need to develop interfaces for prosthesis with the ability to control microbial growth. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been implemented in the development of biomaterials because of their high antimicrobial activity. This article discusses the development of an AgNP-containing polymer composite with antimicrobial activity for developing prosthetic liners. Methods:AgNPs were synthesized using a photochemical method and certain physicochemical properties were characterized. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), was assessed on the basis of their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). AgNPs were incorporated into a silicon elastomer to assess antimicrobial activity and certain mechanical properties of the material. Results: The maximum antimicrobial activity of the material against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and MRSA was 41.58 % ± 2.97 % at an AgNP concentration of 32.98 μg/mL and 14.85 % ± 5.94 % at an AgNP concentration of 16.49 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, the material exhibited tensile yield strength, rupture tensile strength, and tensile modulus of elasticity of 0.70 - 1.10, 0.71–1.06, and 0.20 - 0.30 MPa, respectively. The mechanical characteristics of the material were within the acceptable range for use in external lower limb prosthetic and orthotic interfaces. Conclusions:It was possible to incorporate the AgNPs in a silicone elastomer, finding that the composite developed presented antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and MRSA when compared to non-AgNP material samples.
Efficacy of combination-chemotherapy with pirarubicin, ifosfamide, and etoposide for soft tissue sarcoma: A single-institution retrospective analysis
Authors: Saito Shiro , Aiba Hisaki , Yamada Satoshi , Okamoto Hideki , Hayashi Katsuhiro , Kimura Hiroaki , Miwa Shinji , Otsuka Takanobu , Murakami Hideki
Published: July 2020

Background: The standard chemotherapy regimens for soft tissue sarcoma are doxorubicin-based. This retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of pirarubicin, ifosfamide, and etoposide combination therapy for patients with this disease.Methods: Between 2008 and 2017, 25 patients with soft tissue sarcoma were treated with pirarubicin (30 mg/m2, 2 days), ifosfamide (2 g/m2, 5 days), and etoposide (100 mg/m2, 3 days) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall response, and the secondary endpoint was adverse events of this regimen. Results: Responses to this regimen according to RECIST criteria were partial response (n = 9, 36%), stable disease (n = 9, 36%) and progressive disease (n = 7, 28%). During the treatment phase, frequent grade 3 or worse adverse events were hematological toxicities including white blood cell decreases (96%), febrile neutropenia (68%), anemia (68%), and platelet count decreases (48%). No long-term adverse events were reported during the study period.Conclusion: This regimen was comparable to previously published doxorubicin-based combination chemotherapy in terms of response rate. Although there were no long-lasting adverse events, based on our results, severe hematological toxicity should be considered.
The comparison of extraction methods of ganjiang decoction based on fingerprint, quantitative analysis and pharmacodynamics
Authors: Wei Yanyan , Jiang Ning , Liu Tuo , Liu Chang , Xiao Wen , Liang Likeng , Li Tongming , Yu Yang
Published: July 2020

Background

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease of the colon and rectum with unknown etiology, and its symptoms include bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and hematochezia. Traditional Chinese medicine compound has a good therapeutic, multi-target effect on UC. Ganjiang decoction (GD), which is a traditional classic prescription in China, contains Zingiberis Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, Sanguisorbae Radix, Granati Pericarpium, and Asini Colla Corii and could be used to treat symptoms of UC. This study aimed to conduct a preliminary study before GD colon-targeted preparation, to explore the relationship between extraction method and efficacy of GD.

Methods

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the fingerprinting of five preparation methods of GD. HPLC and gas chromatography were used to quantitatively analyze the important chemical components of GD and compare their differences. Mice with UC induced by dextran sulphate sodium salt received the extracts from the five preparation methods of GD via gavage. Disease activity index (DAI) score, colonic length, relative weight of spleen, pathological analysis results, inflammatory factors, therapeutic effect of the five preparation methods of GD, and their relationship with extraction process were compared.

Results

Cluster analysis revealed that the content of the components extracted by traditional extraction methods was significantly different from the other four methods. The third and fifth preparation methods extracted Coptidis Rhizoma and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex with 50% ethanol to obtain more alkaloids. In the fourth and fifth methods, more volatile oils were detected by adding Zingiberis Rhizoma and Angelicae Sinensis Radix fine powder. According to DAI score, colonic length, relative weight of spleen, pathological analysis results, and inflammatory factors, the third method showed a good therapeutic effect, while the fifth method had the best therapeutic effect.

Conclusions

The results showed that the difference of the five extracts of GD in the efficacy of DSS-induced UC in mice was closely related to the extraction method. Our study improved the extraction process of GD and provided a foundation for the process of enteric-soluble preparations and a new idea for traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.
Hypertension and prehypertension: prevalence and associated factors in Gabonese Youth and Adolescents
Authors: BIVIGOU Elsa AYO , DITOMBI Bridy MOUTOMBI , NGUEMA Ornella MBANG , MOUTONGO Reinne , PONGUI Bedrich , EKOMI Bernadette Bernadette , MBONDOUKWE Noé Patrick , MAWILI-MBOUMBA Denise Patricia , AKOTET Marielle Karine BOUYOU
Published: July 2020

Background : Early detection of hypertension is necessary to reduce subsequent morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension in high school students from the capital city of Gabon and to identify their associated factors. Methods : This was a cross-sectional and analytical study carried out on a population of students enrolled in two establishments in Libreville during the 2018-2019 year school. Information on hypertension family history, eating habits, alcohol and/or tobacco consumption, oral contraception, age, gender, body mass index and blood pressure were collected. The National High Blood Pressure and European Cardiology Society 2013 classifications were used for the analysis of blood pressure in children and young adults respectively. Results : A total of 613 students with mean age of 20.3 ± 2.5 years were included. Sex ratio was 2.3. Prevalence of hypertension was 19.4% and the following factors were found to be independently associated with hypertension: overweight (aOR: 2.77 [1.29-9.99]) and male gender (aOR: 2.10, [1.22-3.62]) or not independently: overweight (OR: 2.52, [1.30-4.89] and obesity (OR: 2.62, [1.30-5.27]) (p<00.1). The prevalence of prehypertension was 23.0%, obesity (aOR:3,93 [1.02-15.2]) was independently associated with prehypertension, while overweight (OR: 2.16, [1.03-4.53]) and male sex (OR: 1.72, [1.10-2.78]) (p<00.1) were dependent factors. Conclusions : Hypertension and prehypertension are not unfrequent in school students from Libreville. Awareness of associated factors and screening campaigns within school establishments are necessary to reduce complications in adulthood.
Non-destructive collection survey of the historical Classense Library. Part I: Paper characterisation
Authors: Brown Natalie , Coppola Floriana , Modelli Alberto , Amicucci Floriana , Lichtblau Dirk , Strlic Matija
Published: July 2020

An innovative survey was conducted of the collections of the historical Biblioteca Classense, located in the urban area of Ravenna (Northern Italy). The survey aimed to evaluate the current conservation state of the book collections, where 297 paper-based items, including incunabulae, manuscripts and books, dating from the 14th to the 20th century, were selected for analysis. This innovative survey was carried out non-destructively by assessing degradation visually and by measuring NIR spectral data followed by multivariate data analysis. Chemical and physical paper properties, important for paper characterisation and implementation of conservation strategies were determined, including paper type, pH, degree of polymerisation (DP), tensile strength, lignin, protein, and rosin content. This survey provided a significant quantitative dataset for rag paper covering a 600-year period. The analysis of DP changes over time allowed the first experimental estimation of the rate constant for historical rag paper, i.e., (4.2±0.6)·10-7 year-1, which was validated with predictions based on the Collections Demography dose response function for historic paper taking into account the past climate in Ravenna. Statistical methods were employed to describe the correlations between the measured variables and different features of the books, suggesting that the degree of polymerisation can be used as a general proxy for rag paper mechanical strength.
NEMPD: A network embedding-based miRNA-protein-disease network method for the miRNA-disease association prediction
Authors: Ji Bo-Ya , You Zhu-Hong , Chen Zhan-Heng , Wong Leon , Yi Hai-Cheng
Published: July 2020

Background

As an important non-coding RNA newly discovered in recent years, MicroRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in a series of life processes and is closely associated with a variety of human diseases. Hence, the identification of potential miRNA-disease associations can make great contributions to the research and treatment of human diseases. However, to our knowledge, many of the existing state-of-the-art computational methods only utilize the single type of known association information between miRNAs and diseases to predict their potential associations, without focusing on their interactions or associations with other types of molecules.

Results

In this paper, a network embedding-based the tripartite miRNA-protein-disease network (NEMPD) method was proposed for the prediction of miRNA-disease associations. Firstly, a tripartite miRNA-protein-disease network is created by integrating known miRNA-protein and protein-disease associations. Then, we utilize the network representation method-Learning Graph Representations with Global Structural Information (GraRep) to obtain the behavior information (associations with proteins in the network) of miRNAs and diseases. Secondly, the behavior information of miRNAs and diseases is combined with the attribute information of them (disease semantic similarity and miRNA sequence information) to represent miRNA-disease pairs. Thirdly, the prediction model was established based on these known miRNA-disease pairs and the Random Forest algorithm. In the results, under five-fold cross validation, the average prediction accuracy, sensitivity, and AUC of NEMPD is 85.41%, 80.96%, and 91.58%. Furthermore, the performance of NEMPD was also validated by the case studies. Among the top 50 predicted disease-related miRNAs, 48 (breast neoplasms), 47 (colon neoplasms), 47 (lung neoplasms) were confirmed by two other databases.

Conclusions

NEMPD has a good performance in predicting the potential associations between miRNAs and diseases and has great potency in the field of miRNA-disease association prediction in the future.
HLA-B*35 as a new marker for susceptibility to Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) in patients living in Argentina
Authors: Benencio Paula , Gonzalez Sindy A. Fraile , Ducasa Nicolás , Page Kimberly , Berini Carolina A. , Biglione Mirna M.
Published: July 2020

Background: Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of HTLV associated myelopathy/ Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), in around 2-5% of the infected individuals. Host genetic background might play a role in disease progression. Several previous studies across many countries report HLA haplotype to be one such factor. Here, we sequenced HLA-A, -B and -C of 72 individuals by Sequence-Based Typing (SBT), and compared the frequency of different alleles among ATLL patients, HAM/TSP patients, asymptomatic carriers and non-infected individuals living in Argentina.Results: The frequency of HLA-A, -B and -C alleles largely matched that of the general population in Argentina. We identified HLA-A*02 and HLA-B*35 as associated to protection from ATLL (p=0.037) and susceptibility to HAM/TSP (p<0.001), respectively. We also found a strong correlation between high proviral load (PVL) and disease (p=0.003), but were unable to identify any particular allele associated with high or low PVL.Conclusions: Our results match several previous reports that link HLA-A*02 and protection from disease. However, this is the first study associating HLA-B*35 to susceptibility to disease in HTLV-1, an allele that has been largely associated to different severity factors related to other viral infections, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV).
Molecular characterization of Plasmodium falciparum DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase
Authors: Pinthong Nattapon , Limudomporn Paviga , Vasuvat Jitlada , Adisakwattana Poom , Rattaprasert Pongruj , Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr Porntip
Published: July 2020

Background

The emergence of artemisinin-resistant malaria parasite highlights the need for novel drugs and their targets. Alkylation in purine bases can hinder DNA replication if remained unsolved would eventually resulting in cell death. DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase is an enzyme responsible for the repair of those alkylated lesions. Based on the AT-rich genome of Plasmodium falciparum and unexplored Plasmodium falciparum DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase (PfMAG), therefore PfMAG should be characterized for its potential candidate for antimalarial drug development.

Methods

Bioinformatics analysis of PfMAG was performed. The native PfMAG from crude extract of chloroquine and pyrimethamine resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain K1 was partially purified using three columns. The existence of PfMAG activity leads to the cloning and expression of PfMAG for further characterization. The PfMAG was amplified, cloned to expression vector (pBAD202/D-TOPO), and expressed in Escherichia coli. The molecular weight of recombinant PfMAG was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Both functional and biochemical properties of the recombinant enzyme were characterized.

Results

PfMAG activity was most prominent in schizont. Native PfMAG was partially purified with a specific activity of 147.36 units/mg protein. The DNA sequence of amplified PfMAG showed an insertion of three nucleotides coding for asparagine compared to strain 3D7 and only 16% similarity compared to the human enzyme was observed. After cloning, the 74-kDa recombinant PfMAG was expressed and identified. PfMAG showed a larger size than its human counterpart twice. PfMAG preferred a double-stranded DNA substrate. Glycosylase activity was detected in a broad range of pH 5-8. The quite narrow optimal salt concentration was observed between 100 - 200 mM NaCl, whereas 250 mM NaCl reduces its activity. Divalent cations are not required for its glycosylase activity; on the contrary, they inhibited glycosylase activity in a concentration-dependent manner.

Conclusion

PfMAG activity increases according to parasite development. Native PfMAG was partially purified, the recombinant PfMAG was successfully expressed and characterized. An insertion of AAT coding for asparagine was found compared with that of strain 3D7. PfMAG differs from the human counterpart in a twice larger size and a wide range of optimal pH. Results obtained from this study will be a benefit for exploring and investigating of candidate targets toward antimalarial drug design in the future.
Promoting the Propensity for Blood Donation Through the Understanding of Its Antecedents.
Authors: Mugion Roberta Guglielmetti , Giovina Pasca Maria , Laura Di Pietro , Renzi Maria Francesca
Published: July 2020

Background. The paper is aimed at understanding the main antecedents related to the blood donation propensity related to both donors and non-donors. With our research, we are going to analyse the two perspectives in order to identify similarities and differences concentrating on the Italian context. Our findings can be useful also in the COVID-19 epoch in which blood availability continue to be a primary need of hospitals. Blood is a vital resource that strongly affects the efficacy and sustainability of every national healthcare system and the system’s ability to achieve the goal of universal coverage. This is especially true in the COVID-19 epidemic, in which there is the need for blood among hospitals. Methods. The purpose of this paper is to understand the main antecedents of citizens’ blood donation intention and the propensity to enhance word of mouth among both donors and non-donors. To fulfil this purpose, the Theory of Planned Behaviour is adopted as a theoretical lens. An empirical investigation was performed in Italy, adopting a mixed methods research design. First, a qualitative analysis was carried out through 30 in-depth interviews. Then, a survey was used to quantitatively investigate the intention to donate among both donors (N=173) and non-donors (N=87). A conceptual model was developed and tested through Structural Equation Modeling, developing a multi-group approach. Results. The present study confirms the relations proposed by the Theory of Planned Behaviour, even though some differences between the two groups are shown. The construct Information and Communication is crucial for donors, non-donors, and non-donor inhibitors. Service quality has an impact on the propensity to generate Word Of Mouth. Conclusion. This paper reveals the main differences between donor and non-donor perspectives. Fruitful insights for enhancing blood donation awareness are provided. Our findings can also be useful in the COVID-19 epidemic, in which there is more need for blood in hospitals.