bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Key Genes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Song Yujie , Feng Tao , Cao Wenping , Yu Haiyang , Zhang Zeng
Published: June 2022

Objective. This study aimed to identify key genes associated with the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by bioinformatics analysis. Methods. Datasets (GSE13597 and GSE34573) were screened and downloaded from the comprehensive gene expression database (GEO). GEO2R online tool was adopted to analyze microarray data GSE13597 and GSE34573 related to NPC. Volcano plot was generated using Bioconductor in R software. “Pheatmap” was used to draw heatmaps based on the top 10 regulated genes of GSE13597 and GSE34573. GO and KEGG analyses were conducted via online tool DAVID. We uploaded the DEGs of NPC to STRING software and then used Cytoscape software to draw PPI network of DEGs. Results. 216 DEGs were obtained in GSE13597 between patient and control group (111 up-regulated DEGs and 105 down-regulated DEGs). 1101 DEGs were obtained in GSE34573 (470 up-regulated DEGs and 641 down-regulated DEGs). 63 common differential genes were screened named co-DEGs in the two datasets. These DEGs were mainly associated with defense response to bacterium, cell-matrix adhesion, chemokine-mediated signaling pathway, tissue homeostasis, humoral immune response, cilium movement, cilium organization, cilium assembly, and epithelial cilium movement. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, salivary secretion, p53 signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, cell cycle, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and ECM-receptor interaction. We identified seven hub genes, including FN1, MMP-10, MUC1, KIF23, CDK1, MUC5B, and MUC5AC. Conclusions. Seven hub genes, including FN1, MMP-10, MUC1, KIF23, CDK1, MUC5B, and MUC5AC, might be therapeutic potential biomarkers of NPC.
Prognostic Value of Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio in Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Gancheng , Mivefroshan Azam , Yaghoobpoor Shirin , Khanzadeh Shokoufeh , Siri Goli , Rahmani Farzad , Aleseidi Samira
Published: June 2022

The goal of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the relationship between peripheral blood platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mortality in sepsis and to integrate the findings in a meta‐analysis. An electronic search of three main databases was performed: PubMed, Embase, and Scopus on 19 December 2021. Finally, 16 studies comprising 2403 septic patients, including 1249 survivors and 1154 nonsurvivors, were included in this meta‐analysis. We found that PLR levels were significantly higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors (random effect model: SMD = 0.72, 95% CI; 0.35–1.10, p < 0.001). However, significant heterogeneity was observed across the studies (I2 = 94.1%, p < 0.01). So, we used random effect model in our meta‐analysis. In the subgroup analysis, according to mortality time, patients deceased during one month after sepsis had elevated levels of PLR compared to survivors (SMD = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.15‐1.92, p = 0.22). However, in‐hospital mortality was not associated with PLR level (SMD = 0.41, 95% CI = −0.18‐0.99, p = 0.175). Our findings support PLR to be a promising biomarker that can be readily integrated into clinical settings to aid in the prediction and prevention of sepsis mortality.
Quality Boost and Shelf-Life Prolongation of African Catfish Fillet Using Lepidium sativum Mucilage Extract and Selenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Shehab Manar M. , Elbialy Zizy I. , Tayel Ahmed A. , Moussa Shaaban H. , Al-Hawary Ibrahim I.
Published: June 2022

Aiming to boost the catfish fillet quality, the consequences of their treatment with Lepidium sativum seeds mucilage (LSSM) and with LSSM-mediated selenium nanoparticles (LSSM-Se NPs) were investigated. The LSSM assessment for phenolic acids contents emphasized higher concentrations. Green-synthesized Se NPs were conjugated with LSSM to form LSSM-Se NPs and characterized; the NPs had spherical shapes, negatively charged with 15.47 nm mean diameters. Fish fillets were immersed in coating solutions for 2 min, drained, and stored for 25 days at 4°C. The fish groups (C: untreated samples, M: LSSM-treated, and G: LSSM-Se NPs treated) were assessed for their physicochemical, bacteriological, and sensorial attributes. On the 25th day, the samples’ pH values were 6.96, 6.6, and 6.3; TVB-N values were 38.8, 28.4, and 16.4 mg/100 g; TBARS values were 1.7, 0.97, and 0.68 malondialdehyde/kg; and overall acceptability scores were 3.9, 5.6, and 8.3, for C, M and G groups, respectively. At day 16, the psychrophilic bacterial count was 6.2, 4.0, and 3.6 log CFU/g for C, M, and G groups, respectively. The application of LSSM and LSSM-Se NPs is recommended to compose active coatings for quality boost and shelf-life extension of stored catfish fillet.
Revisiting Provider Communication to Support Team Cohesiveness: Implications for Practice, Provider Burnout, and Technology Application in Primary Care Settings
Authors: Norful Allison A. , He Yun , Rosenfeld Adam , Abraham Cilgy M. , Chang Bernard
Published: June 2022

Background. Effective team communication is an essential aspect of care delivery and the coordination of patients in primary care settings. With the rapid evolution of health information technology (HIT), including the implementation of electronic health records, there remains a gap in the literature about preferred methods of primary care team communication and the subsequent impact of provider and team outcomes (e.g., team cohesiveness; burnout). This study explores the impact of varying modes of communication across provider disciplines and by geographic settings during primary care delivery. Methods. We used a cross-sectional survey design to collect data from a random convenience sample of PCPs (physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants) (n = 314) in New York State (NYS). We mailed a paper survey with validated measures for communication methods, team cohesiveness, and provider outcomes (burnout, job dissatisfaction, and the intention to leave position). Descriptive statistics, linear regression models, and crude and adjusted odds ratios while controlling for individual and practice characteristics were calculated. Results. In-person communication was found to yield greater job satisfaction and less intention to leave current position in the next year (

p
=
0.02

) compared to other forms of communication including electronic health record features. The odds of job satisfaction was 1.51 times higher with in-person communication (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.19), and the odds of intending to leave a position was 45% less with in-person communication (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.85). The odds of reporting burnout at work was 36% less with in-person communication (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.92) compared to other communication modalities. There was no significant association between team communication via the EHR and team cohesiveness, provider burnout, or job satisfaction. Conclusion. This study demonstrates evidence that in-person communication is more likely to reduce burnout and job dissatisfaction compared to other forms of communication infrastructure in primary care settings. More research is needed to understand PCP perspectives about the functionality and potential burden that inhibits the use of EHR features for provider-provider communication. In addition, attention to the needs of teams by geographic location and by workforce discipline is warranted to ensure effective HIT communication application adoption.
Realization of Low Cross-Polarization Level for GF-3 SAR Antenna
Authors: Mi Jian , Sun Hongbing , Song Guodong , Xing Ying , Zhao Xuhao
Published: June 2022

In the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) system, crosstalk error is the key parameter for polarimetric imaging. The source of crosstalk is mostly from the cross-polarization level of the SAR antenna subsystem. To meet the requirements of PolSAR observing modes, a low cross-polarization level under −35 dB is realized for the SAR antenna of the GF-3 satellite. In this paper, we will describe the principles and methods for implementation of low cross-polarization level. The two polarized RF chains are totally independent to ensure high isolation, and a dual-polarized waveguide slot antenna subarray is designed with a low cross-polarization level. Besides, the low taper efficiency of the cross-polarization pattern contributes to reduce the cross-polarization, showing the advantage of the phased array antenna in the PolSAR system. The paper also displays the measured results of cross-polarization for the GF-3 SAR antenna. The study gains a better understanding of the cross-polarization pattern for phased array antenna. The methods utilized here can be extended to other polarimetric SAR systems.
A Machine Learning Algorithm to Automate Vehicle Classification and License Plate Detection
Authors: Srividhya S. R. , Kavitha C. , Lai Wen-Cheng , Mani Vinodhini , Khalaf Osamah Ibrahim
Published: June 2022

In the field of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), video surveillance is a hot research topic; this surveillance is used in a variety of applications, such as detecting the cause of an accident, tracking down a specific vehicle, and discovering routes between major locations. Object detection and shadow elimination are the main tasks in this area. Object detection in computer vision is a critical and vital part of object and scene recognition, and its applications are vast in the fields of surveillance and artificial intelligence. Additionally, other challenges arise in regard to video surveillance, including the recognition of text. Based on shadow elevation, we present in this work an inner-outer outline profile (IOOPL) algorithm for detecting the three levels of object boundaries. A system of video surveillance monitoring of traffic can be incorporated into this method. It is essential to identify the type of detected objects in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) to track safely and estimate traffic parameters correctly. This work addresses the problem of not recognizing object shadows as part of the object itself in-vehicle image segmentation. This paper proposes an approach for detecting and segmenting vehicles by eliminating their shadow counterparts using the delta learning algorithm (Widrow-Hoff learning rule), where the system is trained with various types of vehicles according to their appearance, colors, and build types. An essential aspect of the intelligent transportation system is recognizing the type of the detected object so that it can be tracked reliably and the traffic parameters can be estimated correctly. Furthermore, we propose to classify vehicles using a machine learning algorithm consisting of artificial neural networks trained using the delta learning algorithm, a high-performance machine learning algorithm, to obtain information regarding their travels. The paper also presents a method for recognizing the number plate using text correlation and edge dilation techniques. In regard to video text recognition, number plate recognition is a challenging task.
Construction of Digital Management Model of Personnel Archives Information Based on the Concept of Industry 4.0
Authors: Han Jiaonan
Published: June 2022

In order to improve the effect of personnel archives information management under the background of Industry 4.0, this paper conducts in-depth research on retrieval technology. Aiming at the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing sorting methods, this paper introduces the basic principle of information retrieval, the retrieval process, and retrieval model and proposes a relevance ranking algorithm based on the user vector calculation method and the record vector calculation method. The algorithm solves the query structure sorting problem of information retrieval, optimizes the retrieval process, and improves the efficiency of information acquisition. Under the guidance of the concept of Industry 4.0, this paper constructs the digital management model of personnel archives information. The experimental results show that the digital management model of personnel archives proposed in this paper has certain effects.
Molecular Subgroups of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Discovered by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing–Assisted Multiomics Analysis
Authors: Bao Xuanwen , Li Qiong , Chen Jinzhang , Chen Diyu , Ye Chanqi , Dai Xiaomeng , Wang Yanfang , Li Xin , Rong Xiaoxiang , Cheng Fei , Jiang Ming , Zhu Zheng , Ding Yongfeng , Sun Rui , Liu Chuan , Huang Lingling , Jin Yuzhi , Li Bin , Lu Juan , Wu Wei , Guo Yixuan , Fu Wenguang , Langley Sarah Raye , Tano Vincent , Fang Weijia , Guo Tiannan , Sheng Jianpeng , Zhao Peng , Ruan Jian
Published: June 2022

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a relatively rare but highly aggressive tumor type that responds poorly to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Comprehensive molecular characterization of ICC is essential for the development of novel therapeutics. Here, we constructed two independent cohorts from two clinic centers. A comprehensive multiomics analysis of ICC via proteomic, whole-exome sequencing (WES), and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed. Novel ICC tumor subtypes were derived in the training cohort (n = 110) using proteomic signatures and their associated activated pathways, which were further validated in a validation cohort (n = 41). Three molecular subtypes, chromatin remodeling, metabolism, and chronic inflammation, with distinct prognoses in ICC were identified. The chronic inflammation subtype was associated with a poor prognosis. Our random forest algorithm revealed that mutation of lysine methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D) frequently occurred in the metabolism subtype and was associated with lower inflammatory activity. scRNA-seq further identified an APOE+C1QB+ macrophage subtype, which showed the capacity to reshape the chronic inflammation subtype and contribute to a poor prognosis in ICC. Altogether, with single-cell transcriptome-assisted multiomics analysis, we identified novel molecular subtypes of ICC and validated APOE+C1QB+ tumor-associated macrophages as potential immunotherapy targets against ICC.
The Impact of a Self-Management Program Based on the 5 A’s Model on Type 1 Diabetes in School-Aged Children
Authors: Elsobky Fatma Ahmed , Darweesh Hamida Ahmed Mostafa , Alzahrani Shikhah Hussin Ali , Bassam Samah El Awady
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels that eventually results in catastrophic damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. The available data from previous studies on the application of the 5 A’s model-based self-management program to increase knowledge and self-care practices in children are insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a self-management program based on the 5 A’s paradigm on school-aged children with type 1 diabetes. Methods: The research design was quasi-experimental. The investigation was conducted at EL Mogamma EL Teby AL Shamal diabetes facility. This study enrolled a convenience sample of 90 children who were accompanied by their moms. Five tools were utilized to collect the data: questionnaire for children’s examination; questionnaire for diabetic knowledge; a questionnaire on diabetes self-care; Diabetic Attitude Scale; and self-care practices for diabetics. Results: A total of 72.2%, 90.0%, 91.1%, 93.3%, and 96.7% of youngsters, respectively, lacked knowledge, engaged in ineffective self-care activities, had a negative attitude, and practiced incompetently. Differences between pre- and post-program implementation are statistically significant when a self-management program based on the 5 A’s model is implemented. Discussion/Conclusions: Self-management and self-care models, particularly the 5 A model, are helpful at improving the control of these symptoms, reducing associated problems, enhancing nursing care, and enhancing patients’ quality of life. Increasing the duration of a self-management program based on the 5 A’s model for children with type 1 diabetes reduces negative attitudes and improves quality of life but requires follow-up.
Does the Addition of Radial Endobronchial Ultrasound Improve the Diagnostic Yield of Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy? A Systematic Review
Authors: Juul Amanda Dandanell , Falster Casper , Rasmussen Torben Riis , Hilberg Ole , Jacobsen Niels , Arshad Arman , Laursen Christian Borbjerg
Published: June 2022

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Early diagnosis is crucial to increased survival rates. Radial endobronchial ultrasound (rEBUS) and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) have been developed for the diagnosis of small lung lesions. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate whether the combination of rEBUS and ENB is superior to ENB alone. Method: A systematic search was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases on “ENB,” and conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The project was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42020214682. Results: In total, 2,092 studies were identified through a literature search. Five studies were included in the final review. One study found that the addition of rEBUS increased diagnostic yield, while another concluded the converse. Three studies did not have significant results. Meta-analysis was not feasible due to heterogeneity and the small number of studies. Conclusion: As the current evidence on the topic is sparse and heterogeneous, it is not possible to conclude whether the addition of rEBUS to ENB has a significant impact on diagnostic yield. Further studies are needed to illuminate this question in order to ensure optimal choice of endoscopic technique as well as used time and resources. The project received funding from the Region of Southern Denmark’s PhD fund.
Liver Abscess and Prolonged Postoperative Intra-Abdominal Free Air without Anastomotic Leakage after Laparoscopic Gastrectomy
Authors: Kataoka Naoki , Oura Shoji , Makimoto Shinichiro
Published: June 2022

An 84-year-old thin, i.e., body mass index of 17.8, woman with gastric cancer underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy and lymph node dissection followed by Roux-en-Y reconstruction. During the operation, Nathanson liver retractor (NLR) was used to press the left lobe of the liver. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged on the 9th postoperative day. The patient, however, developed abdominal pain just on the day of discharge. Sudden onset of the abdominal pain and massive free air on computed tomography made us do diagnostic laparoscopy. Detailed laparoscopic observation showed slight liver swelling at the pressure site of the NLR, superficial band-shaped color change on the left lobe of the liver, and no anastomotic leakage, suggesting the massive free air caused by prolonged retention of postoperative intra-abdominal air. Two days later, persistent fever, inflammatory findings, and presumed liver abscess showing no healing tendency made us do ultrasound-guided aspiration to the liver focus. Bacterial culture test showed the bacterium Escherichia coli, being sensitive to meropenem. Despite the failure of abscess drainage, antibiotic therapy using meropenem gradually alleviated her symptoms and the patient was discharged from the hospital in 15 days after the abscess aspiration. Surgeons should note possible prolonged postoperative intra-abdominal free air and liver abscess without anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic gastrectomy especially in thin patients to avoid inappropriate postoperative management.
Histopathology and Cytology of Pulmonary Myoepithelial Neoplasms: 2 Cases
Authors: Ishikawa Akira , Fujisawa Hiroki , Yasumura Naoko , Kuraoka Kazuya , Zaitsu Junichi , Saito Akihisa , Kan Arisa , Iwahiro Kazue , Kimura Fumika , Tadokoro Kazuki , Tsubokawa Norifumi , Mimura Takeshi , Yamashita Yoshinori , Taniyama Kiyomi , Oue Naohide
Published: June 2022

Myoepithelial neoplasms (MNs) of the lung are extremely rare tumors. Approximately 40 cases of pulmonary MNs have been reported to date. Herein, we report extremely rare cases of different types of pulmonary MN, including cytological features. Case 1 is an 18-year-old female, and case 2 is a 73-year-old female patient. They presented to our hospital with nodules of the lung. Histological examination revealed tumor cells with round to oval nuclei and acidophilic cytoplasm that formed nests or fascicles with mild hyalinized stroma in case 1 and tumors containing the bi-phasic components of a nest-like and fascicle pattern with pleomorphism in case 2. Immunohistochemically, these tumors were positive for cytokeratin (CK) AE1/AE3, CK5/6, vimentin, calponin, and EMA, and focal positive for S-100a protein and alpha smooth muscle actin. The pathological diagnoses in cases 1 and 2 were myoepithelioma and myoepithelial carcinoma, respectively. In conclusion, we encountered two cases of extremely rare MNs that occurred in the lung. This disease can be diagnosed by collecting appropriate cytological and histological findings and should be listed as a differential diagnosis.
Bone Turnover, Mineralization, and Volume Estimated by 18F-Sodium Fluoride PET/CT and Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: Mineral and Bone Disorder Compared with Bone Biopsy
Authors: Vrist Marie Houmaa , Østergaard Ann Mai H. , Langaa Stine S. , Mose Frank H. , Fynbo Claire A. , Theil Jørn , Langdahl Bente L. , Lauridsen Thomas G. , Bech Jesper N.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Invasive bone biopsy to assess bone metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder may be replaced by the noninvasive 18F-NaF PET/CT and biomarkers of bone metabolism. We aimed to compare parameters of bone turnover, mineralization, and volume assessed by bone biopsies with results derived from 18F-NaF PET/CT and biomarkers (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, fibroblast growth factor 23, and osteoprotegerin). Methods: A cross-sectional study included 17 dialysis patients, and results from 18F-NaF PET/CT scans and the biomarkers were directly compared with the results of histomorphometric analyses of tetracycline double-labeled trans-iliac bone biopsies. Results: Bone biopsies showed 40% high, 20% normal, and 40% low bone turnover. No biopsies had generalized abnormal mineralization, and the bone volume/total tissue volume was low in 80% and high in 7%. The pelvic skeletal plasma clearance (Ki) from 18F-NaF PET/CT correlated with bone turnover parameters obtained by bone biopsy (activation frequency: r = 0.82, p < 0.01; bone formation rate/bone surface: r = 0.81, p < 0.01), and Ki defined low turnover with high sensitivity (83%) and specificity (100%). CT-derived radiodensity correlated with bone volume, r = 0.82, p < 0.01. Of the biomarkers, only osteocalcin showed a correlation with turnover assessed by histomorphometry. Conclusion: In conclusion, 18F-NaF PET/CT may be applicable for noninvasive assessment of bone turnover and volume in CKD-MBD.
Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with IgA Nephropathy Categorized by the International IgAN Risk Prediction Tool and by the Degree of Hematuria at Diagnosis
Authors: Ebbestad Robin , Sanaei Nurmi Mazdak , Lundberg Sigrid
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Within 30 years, 20–50% of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Identifying these patients can be difficult since renal function may deteriorate after being stable for years. The International IgAN Risk Prediction tool (IgAN-RPT) combines histologic lesions and clinical risk factors to predict renal outcome up to 5 or 7 years of follow-up. The clinical value beyond 7 years is unknown and microhematuria data has not been assessed. Methods: We studied the long-term renal outcome of 95 Swedish IgAN patients from the derivation cohort for the IgAN-RPT. The median follow-up was 11.2 years. Microhematuria at baseline was defined as high-degree by microscopy measurement of >10 red blood cell/high-power field of view or urine dipstick grading of 2–3. Primary outcome was defined as a 50% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate or ESKD. Results: The mean predicted 5-year risk for increasing quartiles was 0.95%, 2.57%, 5.88%, and 23.31% and the observed 5-year-outcome was 0%, 0%, 0%, and 33.33%. During continued follow-up, 0%, 4.2%, 21.7%, and 75.0% of patients reached the primary outcome. ROC curve analysis identified the 5-year risk thresholds of under 4% and over 11% for very low and very high-risk patients, respectively. High-degree microhematuria was not significantly associated with renal outcome (p = 0.14). Conclusions: The IgAN-RPT identifies long-term high- and low-risk patients, which can guide decisions on the frequency of clinical control visits and the selection of patients for clinical trials. Patients with intermediate risk remain a clinical challenge with an urgent need for novel biomarkers and treatments. Microhematuria could be a valuable marker of inflammatory activity, but measurement needs to be standardized for implementation in risk prediction tools.
Changes in Cognitive and Functional Status and in Quality of Life of Older Outpatients during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sardella Alberto , Chiara Emanuele , Alibrandi Angela , Bellone Federica , Catalano Antonino , Lenzo Vittorio , Quattropani Maria C. , Basile Giorgio
Published: June 2022

Background: Older adults denoted one of the populations that mostly suffered from the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The cost of confinement was paid in terms of social isolation, distance from relatives and friends, lack of social support, and limited access to the healthcare system, which had a negative impact on health of older adults with comorbidities and frailty. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to report the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive performances, functional status, and health-related quality of life among frail outpatients, compared to pre-pandemic status. Method: The current sample was part of a larger sample of frail and pre-frail outpatients, who were first evaluated at the clinic between April and May 2019 and who underwent a first follow-up evaluation between April and May 2020. Those outpatients who have undergone the first follow-up evaluation were contacted between April and May 2021 and were asked to voluntarily participate in a second telephone-based evaluation. Cognitive performances (through Mini Mental State Examination – MMSE), functional independency in basic and instrumental daily activities, physical and mental components of health-related quality of life (SF-12 PCS and SF-12 MCS, respectively) were evaluated and compared to previous evaluations. Results: Seventy one outpatients (mean age of 80.69 years) completed the present follow-up evaluation. Patients reported significantly lower cognitive performances (mean MMSE 19.37; p < 0.001), lower physical quality of life (mean score 31.69; p < 0.001), and lower mental quality of life (mean score 38.79; p < 0.001) compared to both pre-pandemic baseline and the first follow-up. Moreover, patients showed a significantly reduced independency in basic daily activities (mean score 3.8; p = 0.004), and a significantly reduced independency in managing telephone (p = 0.012) and medications (p = 0.035), compared to baseline. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a prolonged stressor over time, which has markedly affected health-related quality of life of outpatients, and it can be considered a stressor that might have contributed to the patients’ greater cognitive and functional vulnerability.
Cerebroplacental Ratio Prediction of Intrapartum Fetal Compromise according to the Interval to Delivery
Authors: Morales-Roselló José , Khalil Asma , Loscalzo Gabriela , Buongiorno Silvia , Brik Maia , Mendoza Manel , Di Fabrizio Carolina , Scarinci Elisa , Salvi Silvia , Lanzone Antonio , Perales Marín Alfredo
Published: June 2022

Introduction: A controversy exists about the accuracy of the cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) for the prediction of cesarean section for intrapartum fetal compromise (CS-IFC). Our aim was to evaluate whether the interval to delivery modifies the accuracy of CPR either as a single marker or combined with estimated fetal weight centile (EFWc), type of labor onset (TLO), and other clinical variables. Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study of 5,193 women with singleton pregnancies who underwent an ultrasound scan at 35+0–41+0 weeks and gave birth within 1 month of examination, at any of the participating hospitals in Spain, UK, and Italy. CS-IFC was diagnosed in case of an abnormal intrapartum fetal heart rate or intrapartum fetal scalp pH <7.20, requiring urgent cesarean section. The diagnostic ability of CPR in multiples of the median (CPR MoM) was evaluated at different intervals to delivery, alone and combined with EFWc, TLO, and other pregnancy data such as maternal age, maternal body mass index, parity, and fetal sex, for the prediction of CS-IFC by means of ROC curves and logistic regression analysis. Results: The predictive ability of CPR MoM for CS-IFC worsened with the interval to delivery. In general, the best prediction was obtained prior to labor and by adding information related to EFWc and TLO (AUC 0.71 [95% CI: 0.64–0.79], 0.73 [95% CI: 0.66–0.80], and 0.75 [95% CI: 0.69–0.81]; p < 0.0001). Addition of more clinical data did not improve prediction. In addition, results did not vary when only cases with spontaneous onset of labor were studied. Conclusion: CPR MoM prediction of CS-IFC at the end of pregnancy worsens with the interval to delivery. Accordingly, it should be done in the short term and considering EFWc and TLO.
Prevalence and Predictors of Restless Leg Syndrome in Adolescents and Young Adults of Bengaluru City, India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bellur Shreyas , Thota Suraj Samuel , Raj Jeffrey Pradeep , Kallarakal Tomy K. , Nadig Raghunandan
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disease characterized by an urge to move the legs, often caused by uncomfortable and unpleasant sensations in the legs. It affects the quality of sleep which in turn affects scholastic performance in children and predisposes them to cardiovascular diseases in the long run. Hence, the primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of RLS, poor sleep quality, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted between September 2017 and March 2020 in Bengaluru, India, including all consenting PreUniversity College, Degree College, and Higher Secondary school students. After parental consent and assent (if applicable) was obtained, a semi-structured standardized pilot-tested questionnaire consisting of the RLS diagnostic criteria, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth sleepiness scale, and questions on sleep hygiene was administered. The prevalence was expressed as proportions and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Regression analysis was done to determine the predictors. Results: The overall prevalence (95% CI; frequency) of students with RLS, poor sleep quality, and EDS in our study population was 8.36% (7.54, 9.24; n = 1,544/4,211), 36.67% (35.21, 38.14; n = 1,544/4,211), and 39.87% (38.39, 41.37; n = 1,679/4,211), respectively. PSQI and Epworth score were the significant predictors of RLS. Age, Epworth score, knowledge score, and the number of unacceptable sleep habits were the significant predictors of sleep quality. Female gender, PSQI, RLS, knowledge score, and the number of unacceptable sleep habits were the significant predictors of EDS. Conclusions: The prevalence of RLS, those with poor sleep quality and EDS among adolescents and young adults was higher when compared to the historical data of general population in the same city.
The Decision-Making Process regarding Ovarian Tissue Cryopreservation in Girls with Turner Syndrome by Patients, Parents, and Healthcare Providers: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: van der Coelen Sanne , van der Velden Janielle , Nadesapillai Sapthami , Peek Ron , Braat Didi , Schleedoorn Myra , Fleischer Kathrin , Oerlemans Anke
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) has proven to be effective in other patient groups, but the effectiveness in girls with Turner syndrome (TS) is still unclear. Guidelines for counselling about OTC in TS are lacking. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the experiences of patients, parents, and healthcare providers with the decision-making process regarding OTC in girls with TS. Methods: Within a year after counselling, a survey was sent to 132 girls with TS and their parents. Furthermore, focus groups were conducted with (1) gynaecologists with subspeciality reproductive medicine, (2) paediatric endocrinologists, (3) parents of girls aged 2–12, and (4) parents of girls aged 13–18. Transcripts were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Results: The response rate of the survey was 45%. Of the survey respondents, 90% appreciated counselling regarding their future parenting options and considered it an addition to existing healthcare. Girls with TS and their parents indicated that the option of OTC raised hope for future genetic offspring and instantly made them feel that their only option was to seize this opportunity. Gynaecologists and paediatricians found it challenging to truly make families grasp a realistic perspective of OTC in girls with TS. Discussion and Conclusion: Offering young girls with TS the possibility of fertility preservation in an experimental setting raised high hopes and led to challenges for healthcare providers in ensuring a considered decision. The appropriate moment for counselling should be tailored to the individual and discussed with patient, parents, and paediatrician.
First Trimester Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Maternal Factors and Biomarkers
Authors: Shen Lixia , Sahota Daljit S. , Chaemsaithong Piya , Tse Wing Ting , Chung Man Yan , Ip Jeffery Ka Him , Leung Tak Yeung , Poon Liona Chiu Yee
Published: June 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to identify risk factors among maternal characteristics, obstetric history, and first trimester preeclampsia-specific biomarkers that were associated with subsequent development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and evaluate the performance of the prediction models. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study. The performance of the prediction models was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: A total of 837 (8.9%) cases of GDM and 8,535 (91.1%) unaffected cases were included. The AUROC of the prediction model combining maternal characteristics and obstetric history (0.735) was better than that of the model utilizing maternal characteristics (AUROC 0.708) and preeclampsia-specific biomarkers (AUROC 0.566). Among the preeclampsia-specific biomarkers, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) contributed to the increasing risk of GDM; however, its addition did not improve the AUROC of the model combining maternal characteristics and obstetric history (0.738). Conclusion: The first trimester prediction model for GDM with maternal characteristics and obstetric history achieves moderate predictability. The inclusion of MAP in the model combining maternal characteristics and obstetric history does not improve the screening performance for GDM. Future studies are needed to explore the effect of blood pressure control from early pregnancy on preventing GDM.
Avaliação epidemiológica dos pacientes com lesão medular atendidos no Lar Escola São Francisco
Authors: Gaspar Alexandra Passos , Ingham Sheila Jean McNeill , Vianna Patricia Canteruccio Pontes , Santos Francisco Prado Eugenio dos , Chamlian Therezinha Rosane , Puertas Eduardo Barros
Published: June 2022

A lesão medular apresenta-se como um grande problema de saúde pública, uma vez que a maior parte dos pacientes lesados medulares são jovens e, portanto, encontram-se no auge de sua produtividade, tanto profissional, quanto pessoal. Neste trabalho procurou-se estudar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes atendidos no Lar Escola São Francisco, Escola Paulista de Medicina - Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Foram revisados 171 prontuários de pacientes atendidos no período de 1999 a 2001 e foi encontrado um predomínio de pacientes jovens (média 35,4 anos) e do sexo masculino (62,6%). A principal causa de lesão medular encontrada foi o ferimento por arma de fogo (30,1%) e a principal lesão foi a incompleta (59,6%) e espástica (57,3%). O nível neurológico mais frequente foi o torácico, em 59% dos pacientes.
Importância do treinamento de força na reabilitação da função muscular, equilíbrio e mobilidade de idosos
Authors: Faria Juliana de Castro , Machala Carolina Carla , Dias Rosângela Corrêa , Dias João Marcos Domingues
Published: June 2022

Com o processo de envelhecimento ocorrem modificações fisiológicas na função neuro-músculo-esquelética. Associadas a doenças crônico-degenerativas, altamente prevalentes nos idosos, essas modificações poderão levar a déficits de equilíbrio e alterações na marcha que predispõem à ocorrência de quedas, ocasionando graves conseqüências sobre o desempenho funcional e na realização de atividades de vida diária (AVDs). Não é correto atribuir-se a deterioração dessas capacidades como conseqüência inevitável do envelhecimento. Contudo, está claro que muito dessa deterioração pode ser atribuída a níveis reduzidos de atividade física. Isso significa que a implementação de um programa de exercícios, mesmo em idades extremas, é capaz de minimizar ou mesmo evitar o declínio funcional acentuado, amenizando os efeitos das doenças, ou mesmo prevenindo-as. Esta revisão bibliográfica teve como objetivo analisar estudos que estabeleceram correlações entre programas de fortalecimento muscular e o desempenho funcional de idosos no equilíbrio e na marcha. Para tanto, foi feita uma busca na base de dados MEDLINE e LILACS de estudos que se propuseram a estabelecer estas correlações.
O movimento de passar de sentado para de pé em idosos: implicações para o treinamento funcional
Authors: Goulart Fátima , Chaves Carolina Mitre , Chagas e Vallone Márcia Luciane Drumond das , Carvalho Juliana Azevedo , Saiki Kátia Regina
Published: June 2022

O movimento de passar de sentado para de pé (ST-DP) é de grande importância no dia a dia das pessoas. Dificuldades na realização deste movimento podem ocorrer no idoso em decorrência de fatores intrínsecos ou extrínsecos, limitando a sua participação em atividades cotidianas. O objetivo da presente revisão foi caracterizar o movimento de ST-DP, identificar as limitações no idoso que interferem na sua habilidade de executar esse movimento e discutir como tais limitações podem ser minimizadas através do tratamento fisioterapêutico. O movimento de ST-DP é gerado por um momento de inércia horizontal e outro vertical e ressalta-se a ativação dos músculos tibial anterior, sóleo, gastrocnêmio, quadríceps, isquiotibiais, glúteo máximo, abdominais, paravertebral lombar, trapézio e esternocleidomastóideo durante a realização do mesmo. Fatores relacionados à dificuldade de passar de ST-DP em idosos incluem fatores fisiológicos, ambientais e a posição inicial de segmentos corporais. O tratamento fisioterapêutico deve abordar o ganho de força muscular, o alongamento da musculatura específica e a manutenção das amplitudes articulares para otimizar a performance desse movimento em idosos. Além disso, a adoção de determinadas medidas como a modificação da altura do assento, a presença de apoio para os braços e o posicionamento adequado dos pés podem facilitar a habilidade do idoso em realizar a tarefa de ST-DP. O treinamento funcional específico pode melhorar a performance motora e promover maior independência em indivíduos nesta faixa etária.
Toxina botulínica tipo A: propriedades farmacológicas e uso clínico
Authors: Sposito Maria Matilde de Mello
Published: June 2022

Todas as informações contidas neste trabalho de revisão são referentes a toxina botulínica do tipo A (TBA) produzida por Allergan Inc, representada no Brasil por Allergan Produtos Farmacêuticos, cujo nome comercial é BOTOX®. A toxina botulínica do tipo-A é um agente biológico obtido laboratorialmente, sendo uma substância cristalina estável, liofilizada em albumina humana e apresentada em frasco a vácuo estéril, para ser diluída em solução salina. A TBA é produzida naturalmente pelo Clostridium botulinum, uma bactéria anaeróbia, que produz oito tipos sorológicos de toxina, sendo a do tipo-A a mais potente e por isto utilizada clinicamente.
Técnicas de análise de marcha
Authors: Saad Marcelo , Battistella Linamara Rizzo , Masiero Danilo
Published: June 2022

A análise de marcha oferece dados importantes para a compreensão e tratamento de distúrbios da locomoção. Sua importância é tal que justificou a criação dos chamados Laboratórios de Movimento. Este campo tem se desenvolvido muito nas últimas décadas. Este artigo mostra esta evolução, e a situação atual da análise de marcha no Brasil e no mundo. Expõe também os termos técnicos usados neste tipo de estudo.
Tratamento conservador da síndrome do impacto subacromial: estudo em 21 pacientes
Authors: Giordano Marcos , Giordano Vincenzo , Giordano Lucia Helena Barbosa , Giordano José Noberto
Published: June 2022

A síndrome do impacto subacromial é um distúrbio cada vez mais observado na prática clínica. Dentre as modalidades de tratamento, o fisioterápico é dos mais recomendados. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar a eficácia do tratamento conservador fisioterápico da síndrome do impacto subacromial utilizando-se protocolo adotado na Clínica de Ortopedia e Fisiatria Dr. Giordano Ltda. Foram estudados, prospectivamente, 21 pacientes (28 ombros com diagnóstico de síndrome do impacto subacromial), 16 mulheres (76,2%) e 5 homens (23,8%) com idade média de 58,9 anos (variando de 42 a 79 anos). O lado esquerdo esteve envolvido isoladamente em 9 pacientes (42,9%) e o direito em 5 (23,8%). Em 7 pacientes (33,3%), o acometimento foi bilateral. O tratamento foi indicado imediatamente após o diagnóstico ser firmado e consistiu inicialmente (fase aguda) de diatermia com ondas curtas (20 minutos), irradiação com laser de baixa energia (gálio-arsênico) (5 minutos), estimulação elétrica transcutânea (20 minutos) e cinesioterapia (exercícios de Codman), com sessões realizadas três vezes por semana. Passada a fase aguda, foram acrescentados exercícios visando ao ganho de amplitude de movimentos e ao fortalecimento muscular. Os resultados foram avaliados segundo os critérios adotados pela Sociedade Americana de Cirurgiões do Ombro e do Cotovelo e dos 28 ombros envolvidos. Em 7 (25%), os resultados foram considerados excelentes; em 17 (60,7%), bons; em 3 (10,7%), regulares; e em 1 (3,6%), ruim. Concluiu-se que o protocolo utilizado é eficiente e pode ser adotado para o tratamento da síndrome do impacto subacromial.
Neuropatia diabética: fisiopatologia, clínica e eletroneuromiografia
Authors: Dias Rafael José Soares , Carneiro Armando Pereira
Published: June 2022

A neuropatia afeta a maioria dos diabéticos de longa evolução. Sua melhor compreensão é de fundamental importância na formação de um correto raciocínio clínico. As principais vias fisiopatológicas conhecidas, a apresentação clínica e os achados eletrofisiológicos são revisados por meio de pesquisa na MedLine e alguns dados pessoais são apresentados. O conhecimento da fisiopatologia, da clínica e da eletrofisiologia são essenciais para uma abordagem crítica e racional dessa heterogênea e complexa patologia.
Autoria de um trabalho científico
Authors: Petroianu Andy
Published: June 2022

Durante a elaboração de um trabalho científico, uma das dificuldades que por ventura podem ocorrer é a escolha dos participantes da pesquisa que devem compor a sua autoria. Situação ainda mais desagradável é a ordenação dos autores, de acordo com o mérito de cada um no trabalho. Objetivo: Apresentar, de maneira justificada, uma proposta para a autoria do trabalho científico, mediante a contribuição de cada membro da equipe de pesquisadores. Método : Foi realizada uma avaliação da maneira de se propor a autoria científica nos principais centros de pesquisa do Brasil e na literatura pertinente, para a aquisição de subsídios com vista à presente proposta. Resultados: São apresentados em ordem de entrada os principais autores do trabalho e aqueles que devem merecer apenas agradecimento. Propõe-se uma escala numérica, com vistas à participação de cada membro da equipe, para facilitar a inclusão de cada um dos autores. Conclusões: O mérito da autoria científica deve ser restrito aos participantes que tiveram uma colaboração intelectual ao trabalho realizado, aliada a uma contribuição efetiva para a pesquisa ser realizada e concluída.
Survey of Low-Resource Machine Translation
Authors: Haddow Barry , Bawden Rachel , Barone Antonio Valerio Miceli , Helcl Jindřich , Birch Alexandra
Published: June 2022

We present a survey covering the state of the art in low-resource machine translation (MT) research. There are currently around 7,000 languages spoken in the world and almost all language pairs lack significant resources for training machine translation models. There has been increasing interest in research addressing the challenge of producing useful translation models when very little translated training data is available. We present a summary of this topical research field and provide a description of the techniques evaluated by researchers in several recent shared tasks in low-resource MT.
Deconstructing SE-Constructions: Number Agreement and Postsyntactic Variation
Authors: Ormazabal Javier , Romero Juan
Published: June 2022

Most analyses of nonparadigmatic SE sentences derive their agreement patterns structurally, forcing a passive/impersonal distinction against all evidence. Instead, we uniformly analyze them as regular sentences where the T-agreeing subject is se itself, an argumental clitic pronoun, with [person] but no number ϕ-features, and show that the overt argument, which has object properties, does not genuinely agree in syntax. We reveal a new asymmetry between postverbal and preverbal/null arguments, which conceals two postsyntactic processes with very distinctive properties: morphological Clitic Mutation into number agreement, and T’s Number Harmony with a close DP, not ruled by syntax or morphology.