bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trunnion corrosion in metal-on-polyethylene hip arthroplasty
Authors: Lachiewicz P. F. , O’Dell J. A.
Published: June 2018

Aims

To report our experience with trunnion corrosion following metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty, in particular to report the spectrum of presentation and determine the mean time to presentation.

Patients and Methods

We report the presenting symptoms and signs, intraoperative findings, and early results and complications of operative treatment in nine patients with a mean age of 74 years (60 to 86). The onset of symptoms was at a mean of seven years (3 to 18) after index surgery.

Results

Patients presented with a variety of symptoms including pain, limp and rash. The preoperative mean serum cobalt level was 7.1 ppb (2.2 to 12.8) and mean serum chromium level was 2.2 ppb (0.5 to 5.2). Metal artifact reduction sequence (MARS) MRI showed fluid collection and possible pseudotumour formation in five hips, fluid collection in two hips, and synovitis/debris in one hip, with no MRI in one patient. Acetabular revision was performed in three patients, six patients underwent liner and head exchange only. The postoperative metal levels decreased in all patients: mean cobalt 0.5 ppb (0 to 1.8) and mean chromium 0.9 ppb (0 to 2.6) at a mean of five months (3 to 8) postoperatively. Seven patients had good pain relief and no complications at one year. There were two major complications requiring reoperation: acute infection at six weeks, for which the patient required two-stage reimplantation; and recurrent dislocation, for which the patient was revised to a dual mobility component.

Conclusion

Trunnion corrosion in metal-on-polyethylene THA has a range of presenting symptoms, and may present later than previously described. A high index of suspicion is warranted, and serum cobalt and chromium levels are recommended for diagnosis. Patients should be counselled about possible postoperative complications. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:898–902.
Sistemas Aquíferos da porção centro-norte da Bacia Sanfranciscana e estimativa do fluxo regional
Authors: Paula e Silva Flavio De , Chang Hung Kiang
Published: July 2018

Com área aproximada de 125.000 km², a porção centro-norte da Bacia Sanfranciscana abriga o Sistema Aquífero Urucuia, responsável pela manutenção do fluxo de base dos tributários da margem esquerda da Bacia do Rio São Francisco. Recentemente, estudos de subsuperfície identificaram aquíferos permo-triassicos subjacentes, cujas rochas reservatório eram atribuídas, anteriormente, ao Sistema Aquífero Urucuia. Esses aquíferos foram correlacionados aos aquíferos Sambaíba e Motuca, da Bacia do Parnaíba. O complexo arcabouço hidrogeológico configurado por este grupo de aquíferos favoreceu a coexistência de sistemas de fluxo locais e regional. Os sistemas de fluxo locais, caracterizados por apresentarem áreas de recarga e de descarga adjacentes e dirigidos principalmente no sentido leste, drenam 991 m³/s das águas do SAU como fluxo de base para as bacias dos rios São Francisco, Tocantins e Parnaíba. O sistema de fluxo regional estimado em 29 m³/s, com direção de escoamento NW, paralela ao eixo longitudinal da Bacia Sanfranciscana, descarrega a água subterrânea dos aquíferos permo-triassicos para a Bacia do Rio Tocantins. A retirada de água por meio de poços tubulares profundos dos reservatórios permo-triassicos afeta o escoamento de base dos rios tributários do Rio Tocantins. Face às peculiaridades hidrogeológicas constatadas, os modelos atuais de gestão de recursos hídricos da Bacia Sanfranciscana devem ser reavaliados.
Português como língua de herança
Authors: Melo-Pfeifer Silvia
Published: June 2018

Refletimos, nesta contribuição de índole ensaística, sobre o conceito “Português como Língua de Herança” (PLH) partindo da sua natureza tripartida. Assim, desenvolveremos a nossa reflexão em torno dos três aspetos seguintes: i) que Português é abarcado nos estudos sobre PLH, se pensarmos que se trata de uma língua pluricêntrica?; ii) que noção de “língua” subjaz aos trabalhos acerca do PLH e como é que essa noção influencia a natureza dos fenómenos investigados?; e iii) de que herança(s) se fala nos trabalhos sobre PLH e como se valoriza (ou não) o indivíduo no processo de “herdar”?
O papel do progenitor não brasileiro na transmissão do PLH
Authors: Sanchez Moroni Andreia
Published: June 2018

Este artigo apresenta resultados parciais de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada na Catalunha, Espanha, entre 2013 e 2017, com adultos vinculados a uma associação de famílias que promove o Português como Língua de Herança (PLH). Nele, a partir principalmente de entrevistas semiestruturadas, analisa-se o papel dos progenitores não brasileiros no projeto de transmissão do PLH em famílias mistas (nas quais um progenitor é brasileiro, o outro, não) em três situações: 1) o progenitor não brasileiro adota o português como sua principal língua de interação com os filhos; 2) o progenitor não brasileiro não fala, mas entende o português, o que permite que a língua seja usada em interações com os outros membros da família; e 3) o progenitor não brasileiro não fala nem entende português. São apresentadas algumas informações sobre o contexto bilíngue catalão-castelhano da Catalunha, pois se acredita que as ideologias linguísticas da sociedade podem influenciar no modo como as famílias se posicionam em relação ao PLH. Os resultados ajudam a desmistificar duas ideias: que as mães seriam as principais responsáveis pela transmissão linguística intergeracional e que o papel dos “falantes nativos” seria mais importante que o dos “não nativos” nesse projeto.
AVALIAÇÃO HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIA DE CARNE MOÍDA COMERCIALIZADA EM AÇOUGUES DA CIDADE DE SARANDI, PR, BRASIL
Authors: De Almeida Caroline Rodrigues , Massago Miyoko , Boni Sara Macente
Published: July 2018

O consumo de carne bovina pela população brasileira tem aumentado nos últimos anos. No entanto, o processamento deste produto pode favorecer a sua contaminação por microrganismos e desencadear surtos de infecção alimentar. Baseado nestas informações, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade higiênico-sanitária da carne moída comercializada em 20 açougues da cidade de Sarandi, PR. Foram coletadas amostras de 50 gramas do produto em cada estabelecimento. Em seguida foi verificada a presença de coliformes totais e termotolerantes pela Técnica do Número Mais Provável e de Salmonella spp. por crescimento em meio específico. Foi observada a presença de coliformes termotolerantes em todas as amostras analisadas; porém, em nenhuma delas houve o crescimento de Salmonella spp. A presença de Escherichia coli no alimento indica falha nos procedimentos higiênico-sanitários, ressaltando a importância de implementar medidas que promovam melhoria nas boas práticas de higiene, a fim de reduzir os índices de contaminação destes produtos e aumentar a qualidade de vida do consumidor.
MORFOLOGÍA VEGETAL COMO HERRAMIENTA PARA LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE ADULTERANTES EN LOS FRUTOS COMERCIALIZADOS COMO “anís verde”, Pimpinella anisum L. (Apiaceae)
Authors: González Yenny , Degen de Arrua Rosa
Published: July 2018

El Paraguay es un país caracterizado por una población que consume en gran medida plantas medicinales para el tratamiento de diversas afecciones. Sin embargo, en nuestro país no hay un legislación bien definida respecto al control de este tipo de productos y, dentro de este contexto surge la interrogante: sabe la población lo que está consumiendo?. Esto, crea un terreno fértil para la adulteración y sustitución de todo tipo. El presente trabajo se desarrolló dentro del marco del Proyecto: “Identificación de adulterantes y materias extrañas en frutos medicinales, comercializados en principales herboristerías de Asunción y Gran Asunción, como aporte para el control de calidad de drogas vegetales”, financiado por el Rectorado de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, y tuvo como objetivo, determinar la presencia de adulterantes en los frutos comercializados como “anís verde”, Pimpinella anisum L., en las principales herboristerías de Asunción y Gran Asunción, empleando la morfología vegetal como herramienta. Para ello se adquirieron las muestras de los frutos de “anís verde” de las herboristerías, y luego fueron analizadas en el laboratorio. Como resultado se identificaron en total dos especies adulterantes del “anís verde”: semillas de sésamo, Sesamun indicum y frutos de “kuratú”, Coriandrum sativum; todas las muestras presentaron en su composición alguno de estos adulterantes o incluso ambos, sin embargo, todas se comercializan a diferentes precios, algunas incluso al triple del valor que otras. De esta manera, el análisis morfológico, permite aportar datos útiles a la hora de realizar el control de calidad de drogas vegetales, de manera a brindar a la población, seguridad en lo que está consumiendo.
THE POPULARIZATION OF ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET
Authors: Pinho Ludmila Alvim , Temer Ana Claudia , Ribeiro Caroline , Sá-Barreto Livia Lira , Cunha-Filho Marcilio Sergio Soares
Published: July 2018

Orodispersible tablets are getting popular due to its easy administration which leads to a higher therapeutic adherence. This study aimed to evaluate the state of the art of these drug products based on the scientific literature. Also, orodispersible tablets available in the US, Europe and Brazil markets based on information extracted from the health agencies were analyzed. Those tablets are designed to be placed on the tongue and instantly disintegrated by the fast capitation of the saliva without the additional intake of water. The orodispersible technology enables oral administration of tablets to patients with dysphagia, especially children, and elderlies. Moreover, orodispersible make possible rapid drug intervention and mouth absorption. The drug is partially absorbed in the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus without first pass effect, increasing drug bioavailability and reaching faster therapeutic effect. This is a low-cost technology that fits in a conventional solid production area and adds value to the product without requiring high investment. A market analysis showed there is a predominance of antihistamine drugs or medicines for mental disorders using orodispersible matrices. However, the orodispersible technology shows great versatility and potential application to other pharmacological groups. It is expected that in coming years a massive commercial insertion of this tablet technology occurs. In this scenery, it is indispensable that health professionals are prepared with updated technical information for the use of this therapeutic resource safely and efficiently.
MELASMA: TRATAMENTO E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES ESTÉTICAS
Authors: Barbosa Kledson Lopes , Guedes Monique Ribeiro Mota
Published: July 2018

O melasma faz parte de um fenômeno biológico, desenvolvido a partir da exposição aos raios UV, uso de hormônios exógenos, fatores genéticos, e fármacos que causam fotossensibilização. Sabe-se que a incidência ocorre principalmente em mulheres em idade fértil. A hiperpigmentação trata-se de uma doença da pele que surge após lesão cutânea em decorrência de uma reação inflamatória. Por ser - o melasma e a hiperpigmentação - duas condições relativamente frequentes, e pela frequência com que ressurgem após o tratamento, é de extrema importância conhecê-las a fim de se obter informações relevantes para um tratamento eficaz e sem recidiva. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre melasma e hiperpigmentação contemplando a fisiopatologia e os principais tratamentos utilizados. Para isto, foi desenvolvido uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho exploratório-descritivo realizada em periódicos internacionais no período de novembro de 2016 a abril de 2017. Os protocolos de tratamento progrediram nos últimos anos, entretanto, o conhecimento da real patogênese do melasma continua insatisfatório e que agentes tópicos e os sistemas que utilizam laser, por vezes induzem a melhora da pigmentação e não a eliminaçãototal da lesão.
The Development of Halal Ecotourism Destination. Context of Business Collaboration and Mutual Trust
Authors: MUDOFIR MUDOFIR , SUSILO Priyo , DIHARTO Awan Kostrad , MUAFI MUAFI , BADAWI BADAWI
Published: July 2018

Halal ecotourism destination is become a strategic issue that is worth to be studied. Halal ecotourism appear as a concept synergized between ecotourism and halal tourism. This research aims to analyze the importance of business collaboration in managing halal ecotourism destination by maintaining the mutual trust. This research is conducted using qualitative method through interview with some of the manager of ecotourism in DIY and Central Java Province. The research result also supported with photos, documentation, and cross check of secondary data with field data. The validity and reliability test is done using reference study, data comparison, and consultation with experts. The result concluded that the development of halal ecotourism destination will be successful if the manager can have business collaboration between institutions and maintain the mutual trust, so that the visits of domestic or foreign tourists will increase.
Economic and Environmental Marketing in Establishment of Tourist Territories. Exemplified by the Republic of Altai
Authors: KUTTUBAEVA Toskanaj Ajtmukanovna , ISHHUK Ljudmila Viktorovna , GLOTKO Andrej Vladimirovich , CHERNOVA Evgenija Olegovna , SUHOVA Marija Gennad'evna
Published: July 2018

The ecological and economic preconditions for the tourist development of the Republic of Altai are considered in this article. The cultural-historical, socio-economic and infrastructure resources and conditions are assessed in terms of accessibility, quality and completeness of the spectrum. The data are illustrated by the chart and the diagram. The strengths and weaknesses of each component of the tourist potential of the Republic of Altai are analyzed. The results of the analysis are presented in the succinct tabular form. The tourist specialization is defined for each administrative district of the republic and the recommendations for further development are given. In the study, the authors express the measures required in their opinion to activate the development of rural and therapeutic-resort types of tourism. The republic is also interesting from the point of view of ethnography, which is also given attention herein. However, the territory with rich natural, cultural-historical resources and a developed infrastructure may remain at the level of prospects without a proper marketing strategy. Therefore, much attention is paid to the marketing strategy. The successful communication policy should cover several areas, which are discussed in detail herein. Based on the experience and recommendations of this study, it is possible to build a literate and effective way for the establishment of tourist territories in the Republic of Altai.
Forming Approaches to Strategic Management and Development of Tourism and Hospitality Industry in the Regions
Authors: KONOVALOVA Elena Evgenievna , YUDINA Elena Vladimirovna , BUSHUEVA Irina Viktorovna , UHINA Tatiana Viktorovna , LEBEDEV Kostyantyn Anatol'evich
Published: July 2018

The paper refers with the development of approaches to strategic management and development of the tourism and hospitality industry in the regions. The authors justified the creation of a strategy selection model that would take into account the possible strategic positions in organization of the tourism and hospitality industry, as well as unexpected strategic changes in the external business environment that might occur on its path. The model is based on the system of strategy selection and classification of unexpected strategic changes in the external business environment. It is proved that the application of the strategic management concept in tourism and hospitality industry is possible only taking into account the specifics of the organization’s activities, interests of service consumers, existing competitive conditions, and the sustainable development principles. It is revealed that there is a need in a holistic management system that would meet current and future requirements of the dynamic development of the tourism and hospitality industry, and can be implemented at different levels including regional level.
Assessing the Perceptions of Local Residents on the Positive and Negative Impacts of FIFA U-17 Women’s World Cup in Jordan 2016
Authors: ALLAN Mamoon
Published: July 2018

Jordan is the first Middle Eastern and Arab country to host a FIFA U-17 Women’s World Cup. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to explore residents’ perceptions on impacts of this event and it further explores if there is a potential difference between males and females in their perceptions on the impacts of this event. The results of this study showed that ‘tourism resource development and urban revitalization’ was the main residents’ perception on the positive impacts of the event, whereas ‘negative economic perspective’ such as increased price of real estate was the main locals’ perception on the negative impacts. Furthermore, results indicated that variations in respondents’ perceptions commonly could be explained by their gender differences as male respondents indicated that they more highly perceived both positive and negative impacts of this event than local female respondents did.
Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of the Global Medical Tourism
Authors: CHISTOBAEV Anatoliy I. , SEMENOVA Zoya A.
Published: July 2018

The study focuses on the emergence and development of medical tourism at the global and country levels. Article provides a definition of a medical tourism, reveals the stages of its formation – from the origin at ancient cultures to modern high technologies of biomedicine. The country ranking results held on the basis of an integrated index, featuring the assessment of the level of equipment at the medical infrastructure, the maintenance of hospitals, the availability of qualified specialists is discussed. The best practices of medical tourism are analyzed. It is shown that due to lower prices and higher service quality, the geographic vector of those wishing to receive treatment abroad is shifting to Asian countries. The need to strengthen the attention of government agencies to the development of medical tourism in the public and private health sectors is noted.
Is skepticism an epistemological predicament?
Skeptisizm epistemolojik bir çıkmaz mıdır?
Authors: Öztanrıkulu Özel Nurten
Published: June 2018

Skeptics, by being skeptical about the certainty, accuracy and truth claims, defend that there are no objective accuracy or certainty; and for this reason, it is not possible to have an epistemological justification. The arguments on skepticism claiming that knowledge is not possible or proofs are inadequate in justifying knowledge have caused that skepticism has been considered as a notorious concept and sometimes it has been considered as a destructive activity. There is the idea that knowledge and certainty are possible behind these considerations. On this basis, skepticism has been conceived as the rejection of knowledge, beliefs and proofs, and therefore, the arguments of skepticism have been presented as an epistemic predicament. In this study, the arguments of whether skepticism has faced an epistemological predicament or not will be dealt with. For this purpose, the etymological investigation of skepticism will be performed, and then it will be claimed that there are two types of skepticisms, which are the excessive one and the moderate one. After skeptical arguments are defined, it will be claimed that excessive skepticism is in an epistemological predicament; however, moderate skepticism has been saved from this predicament by holding tightly to some arguments. In this way, the negative criticisms towards skepticism will have an unfair position in the face of moderate skepticism. In other words, it will appear that that the charge of skepticism with denialism is faulty and incomplete. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetSkeptikler kesinlik, doğruluk ve hakikat iddialarından şüphe duyarak nesnel bir doğruluğun ya da kesinliğin olmadığını; dolayısıyla epistemolojik olarak gerekçelendirmenin de mümkün olmadığını savunmaktadır. Bilginin mümkün olmadığı ya da bilgiyi gerekçelendirmede kanıtların yetersiz olduğu şeklindeki skeptik tezler, skeptisizmin kötü bir unvanla anılmasına hatta yıkıcı bir uğraş gibi değerlendirilmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu değerlendirmelerin arkasında bilginin ve kesinliğin mümkün olduğu fikri yer almaktadır. Bu fikre dayanarak skeptisizm bilginin, inançların ve kanıtların reddi gibi düşünülmekte ve buna bağlı olarak skeptisizmin tezleri epistemik bir çıkmaz gibi sunulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada skeptisizmin epistemolojik bir çıkmaza girip girmediği ele alınacaktır. Bunun için öncelikle skeptisizmin etimolojik araştırması yapılacak ve daha sonra aşırı ve ılımlı olmak üzere iki skeptisizm türü olduğu ileri sürülecektir. Skeptik argümanlar ortaya koyulduktan sonra aşırı skeptisizmin epistemolojik çıkmazda olduğu; ancak ılımlı skeptisizmin bazı varsayımlara tutunarak bu çıkmazdan kurtulabildiği iddia edilecektir. Böylece skeptisizme yönelik olumsuz eleştiriler ılımlı skeptisizmle haksız bir konuma girecektir. Başka bir deyişle skeptisizmi inkarcılıkla suçlamanın hatalı ve eksik olduğu ortaya çıkacaktır.
Kandungan Pigmen Polar Dan Biomassa Pada Mikroalga Dunaliella Salina Dengan Salinitas Berbeda
Authors: Djunaedi Ali , Suryono Chrisna Adi , Sardjito Sardjito
Published: June 2018

Polar pigments content and biomass of Dunaliella salina are affected by salinity related to osmotic pressure and density of media. This study was to determine the effect of salinity on pigment contents and dried biomass of microalgae D. salina. The cultivation used microalgae derived from Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP), Jepara. Research method was the Laboratory study with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Consisting of one treatment with five stages of salinity treatments: 20 ppt, 25 ppt, 30 ppt, 35 ppt, and 40 ppt and using three times of repetition. Analysis of pigments used UV-Vis spectrophotometric extracted with acetone as the solvent. Harvesting time was when it reached at the stationair phase using flocculation method. The results showed that salinity had the significant effect (P <0.05) on polar pigment and dry biomass. The treatments of 35 ppt showed that the highest content phycocyanin and allophycocyanin pigments were 11.341 mg/gram and 9.644 mg/gram respectively. The highest dry biomass was achieved at 35 ppt salinity treatment at 0.789 gram/L. Keywords: Dunaliella salina, salinity, Polar pigment, Biomass. Kandungan pigmen polar dan biomassa Dunaliella salina dipengaruhi oleh salinitas yang berkaitan dengan tekanan osmotik dan densitas media. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas terhadap kandungan pigmen polar dan biomassa kering D. salina. Biota uji diperoleh dari Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP), Jepara. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen laboratoris dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 1 perlakuan dengan 5 taraf perlakuan salinitas, yaitu: 20 ppt, 25 ppt, 30 ppt, 35 ppt, dan 40 ppt dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Analisis pigmen dengan metode spektrofotometer UV-Vis yang diekstraksi menggunakan larutan aseton. Pemanenan biomassa pada fase stasioner dengan menggunakan metode flokulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salinitas berpengaruh terhadap kandungan pigmen dan biomassa kering Dunaliella salina. Perlakuan salinitas 35 ppt menghasilkan kadar pigmen fikosianin dan allofikosianin tertinggi, yaitu 11,341 mg/gram, dan 9,644 mg/gram, serta  menghasilkan biomassa kering tertinggi, yaitu 0,789 gram/L. Kata Kunci  :  Dunaliella salina, Salinitas, Pigmen polar, Biomassa
Crystal structure of ethyl 4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate, C23H29NO3
Authors: Chen Xuanhuang , Wu Feng , Huang Manwei , Zheng Jinqing , Yu Zhengxi , Chen Jinhui
Published: June 2018

C23H29NO3, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 18.781(7) Å, b = 15.749(6) Å, c = 14.081(5) Å, V = 4165(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0614, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1874, T = 296(2) K.
Test and Evaluation for Effects of Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Fracture Performance of Epoxy Asphalt Concrete Composite Structure
Authors: Zhang Meng , Qian Zhendong , Huang Qibo
Published: June 2018

The fracture performance of epoxy asphalt concrete (EAC) pavement on the top of orthotropic steel deck bridges is influenced by repeating freeze-thaw (FT) cycles in seasonally frozen areas. In this article, the effects of FT cycles on the fracture behavior of EAC composite structures are investigated considering the climatic conditions of Beijing in China. EAC beams were exposed to different FT cycles for conditioning, then the flexural modulus was determined by three-point bending tests. Additionally, the plane-strain fracture toughness and the mechanical response of the EAC composite beams were investigated through numerical simulation. The results show that the flexural modulus of EAC decreases with FT conditioning. Specifically, the flexural modulus decreases by 60.3 % after 30 FT cycles. Nevertheless, the plane-strain fracture toughness and the maximum transverse tensile stress of the EAC composite beams decrease in the first 15 FT cycles and increases for the rest of the FT cycles, while the maximum transverse tensile strain decreases in the first 10 FT cycles and increases for the rest of the FT cycles. The maximum interlayer shear stress between EAC layers is smaller than that between the lower EAC layer and the steel deck. No significant damage is observed in the bonding layer exposed to FT conditioning.
Study on Damage Mechanism of Ultrasonic Radiation Rod in Aluminum Alloy Casting
Authors: Su Sichao , Li Xiaoqian
Published: June 2018

Ultrasound has been applied to aluminum alloy casting to improve the properties of the alloy. However, the damage caused by the ultrasonic radiation rod seriously affects the continuous and steady propagation of ultrasonic waves in the molten aluminum. In this work, a 34-mm long and 20-mm thick titanium alloy plate was cut from the intermediate position of a radiation rod that had been severely eroded. Thereafter, 24 specimens were cut from the titanium alloy plate, and their damage interface was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the damage of the radiation rod is mainly caused by the ultrasonic cavitation effect and chemical reaction, which provides theoretical guidance for the protection of the radiation rod.
miR-876-3p regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity by targeting adiponectin
Authors: Rajan Sujith , Panzade Ganesh , Srivastava Ankita , Shankar Kripa , Pandey Rajesh , Kumar Durgesh , Gupta Sanchita , Gupta Abhishek , Varshney Salil , Beg Muheeb , Mishra Raj Kumar , Shankar Ravi , Gaikwad Anil
Published: July 2018

miRNA has been known to regulate diverse cellular and molecular functions. In the earlier study, we have reported that adipocytes differentiated from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) on 72-h chronic insulin (CI) treatment exhibit insulin resistance (IR). Present study has further explored above model to investigate the role of early expressed miRNAs within human adipocytes to modulate differential adipokine expression as observed during IR. Our results highlight that miR-876-3p regulate glucose homeostasis and its dysregulation leads to IR. We found that miR-876-3p level is a critical determinant of adiponectin expression by virtue of its target within adiponectin 3′UTR. Regulatory effect of miR-876-3p impacts crosstalk between adiponectin and insulin signaling. Rosiglitazone treatment in CI-induced IR adipocytes drastically reduced miR-876-3p expression and increased adiponectin level. In line with this, lentiviral-mediated inhibition of miR-876-3p expression ameliorated CI and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced IR in adipocytes differentiated from hMSC and C57BL/6 mice, respectively. Our findings thus suggest that modulating miR-876-3p expression could provide novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention of obesity-associated metabolic syndrome.
Significance Testing for Allelic Heterogeneity
Authors: Deng Yangqing , Pan Wei
Published: June 2018

It is useful to detect allelic heterogeneity (AH), i.e., the presence of multiple causal SNPs in a locus, which, for example, may guide the development of new methods for fine mapping and determine how to interpret an appearing epistasis. In contrast to Mendelian traits, the existence and extent of AH for complex traits had been largely unknown until Hormozdiari et al. proposed a Bayesian method, called causal variants identification in associated regions (CAVIAR), and uncovered widespread AH in complex traits. However, there are several limitations with CAVIAR. First, it assumes a maximum number of causal SNPs in a locus, typically up to six, to save computing time; this assumption, as will be shown, may influence the outcome. Second, its computational time can be too demanding to be feasible since it examines all possible combinations of causal SNPs (under the assumed upper bound). Finally, it outputs a posterior probability of AH, which may be difficult to calibrate with a commonly used nominal significance level. Here, we introduce an intersection-union test (IUT) based on a joint/conditional regression model with all the SNPs in a locus to infer AH. We also propose two sequential IUT-based testing procedures to estimate the number of causal SNPs. Our proposed methods are applicable to not only individual-level genotypic and phenotypic data, but also genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. We provide numerical examples based on both simulated and real data, including large-scale schizophrenia (SCZ) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) GWAS summary data sets, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new methods. In particular, for both the SCZ and HDL data, our proposed IUT not only was faster, but also detected more AH loci than CAVIAR. Our proposed methods are expected to be useful in further uncovering the extent of AH in complex traits.
Interaction of Concept and Design
Authors: Özge Islamoglu
Published: July 2018

During the design process, various methods are used to develop the creative thinking. One of such methods is to commence the design process with a concept. The study aiming to emphasize the importance of concept covers a workshop themed as design with concept. The workshop was undertaken within the scope of Flexibility in Design course of Department of Interior Design, Faculty of Architecture under the Karadeniz Technical University. The workshop was structured as four phased. In the first phase, the students were provided with information regarding conceptual design; then in the second phase, the students were required to choose from one of the buildings that worldwide known architects used conceptual design method and to get information on the interpretation of method and in the third phase they were asked to design their forms derived from the concept. The last phase was comprised of discussing the similarities and differences of new forms generated from the concept. The study is considered as significant for the students in the way of experiencing the concept of a building designed by a concept and designing their own forms without seeing the building.
The ROC-based analysis of spectroscopic signals from medical specimens
Authors: Gėgžna Vilmantas , Kurasova Olga , Dzemyda Gintautas , Kurtinaitienė Ruta , Čiplys Ignas , Vaitkus Juozas Vidmantis Vidmantis , Vaitkuvienė Aurelija
Published: June 2018

Accurate methods of rapid medical diagnostics would obtain recognition among clinicians. In this paper, we present a ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis based approach to investigate intrinsic fluorescence spectra of medical samples. The approach provides researchers with capabilities for both spectroscopic feature selection and classification tasks. The method is illustrated using data obtained from samples of uterine cervix's tissues (normal, inflammatory, and precancerous conditions), but it is applicable for data from other types of medical specimens too. The results indicate the possibility to identify spectral ranges at which differences between various medical conditions are most evident as well as potential to apply the method for inflammation (cervicitis) vs. other medical conditions' diagnostics.
Positive solutions for a system of fourth-order differential equations with integral boundary conditions and two parameters
Authors: Jiang Ruiting , Zhai Chengbo
Published: June 2018

In this work, we investigate a class of nonlinear fourth-order systems with coupled integral boundary conditions and two parameters. We give the Green's functions for the system with boundary conditions, and then obtain some useful properties of the Green's functions. By using the Guo–Krasnosel'skii fixed-point theorem and the Green's functions, some sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions are presented. As applications, two examples are presented to illustrate the application of our main results.
CURRICULUM ANALYSIS TEACHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAM (PPG) OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Fauzan Fauzan , Bahrissalim Bahrissalim
Published: June 2018

Abstract The existence of Professional Teacher Education program (PPG) becomes a demand after the Law of Teachers and Lecturers (UU G-D) requires professional teachers to have an educator certificates. Professional education contains practical activities of applying academic educational ability in professional activities of teachers in schools along with systematic supervision mechanisms and in a relatively adequate time (at least one year or two semesters). The substance of the Teacher Professional program curriculum rests on the accommodation of teachers' competence, pedagogic, professional, personal, and social. The demands of the teacher's competence spawned several offers of learning expenses that became a person's reinforcement to become a professional teacher, whether related to the content of teaching materials or the strengthening of teaching skills. The structure of the PPG program curriculum contains workshops on learning tool development, teaching exercises through micro teaching- learning, peer learning, and field experience programs (PPL), and pedagogy enrichment programs. Abstrak Keberadaan Program Profesi Guru (PPG) menjadi tuntutan setelah UU G-D mempersyaratkan guru profesional memiliki sertifikat pendidik. Pendidikan profesi berisi kegiatan praktik menerapkan kemampuan akademik kependidikan dalam kegiatan profesional guru di sekolah disertai mekanisme pembimbingan dan supervisi yang sistematis dan dalam waktu yang relatif memadai (sekurang-kurangnya satu tahun atau dua semester). Substansi kurikulum Program Profesi Guru (PPG) bersandar pada akomodasi tuntutan kompetensi guru, yakni pedagogik, professional, personal, dan  sosial. Tuntutan kompetensi guru tersebut melahirkan beberapa tawaran beban belajar yang menjadi penguat seseorang menjadi guru professional, apakah terkait dengan konten  materi ajar atau penguatan teaching skill. Struktur kurikulum program PPG berisi lokakarya pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran, latihan mengajar melalui pembelajaran mikro, pembelajaran pada teman sejawat, dan program pengalaman lapangan (PPL), dan program pengayaan bidang studi dan/atau pedagogi. How to Cite : Fauzan., Bahrissalim. (2017). Curriculum Analysis Teacher Professional Education Program (PPG) of Islamic Education in Indonesia. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 4(2), 148-161. doi:10.15408/tjems.v4i2.6400. Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/tjems.v4i2.6400
META-ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF LEARNING INTERVENTION TOWARD MATHEMATICAL THINKING ON RESEARCH AND PUBLICATION OF STUDENT
Authors: Kadir Kadir
Published: June 2018

Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of mathematics learning intervention on students' mathematical thinking ability. The research method used survey of thesis of the student. The effect of studies applying learning to mathematical thinking was done using meta-analysis techniques. The research finding that research conducted by students by providing learning intervention was able to improve students' mathematical thinking ability. Aspects of mathematical thinking ability include connection ability, communication, representation, problem-solving, logical, critical, creative, analytical, generalization, quantitative, and adaptive thinking. The types of research used by students are dominated by the experiment with mix-method approach and classroom action research. Other methods, research development. The research and publication at the Department of Mathematics Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences have adapted to the trend of mathematics education research on the national and international level. Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efektivitas pengaruh intervensi pembelajaran matematika terhadap kemampuan berpikir matematis siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei terhadap skripsi dan publikasi mahasiswa. Pengaruh  penelitian-penelitian yang menerapkan pembelajaran terhadap kemampuan berpikir matematis dianalisis dengan teknik meta-analisis. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa secara keseluruhan penelitian-penelitian yang dilakukan mahasiswa dengan memberikan intervensi pembelajaran ternyata mampu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir matematis siswa. Aspek kemampuan berpikir matematika yang meliputi: kemampuan koneksi, komunikasi, representasi, pemecahan masalah, kemampuan berpikir: logis, kritis, kreatif, reflektif, intuitif, penalaran: analalogi, generalisasi, kuantitatif, kreatif, dan adaptif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan mahasiswa didominasi metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan mix-method dan penelitian tindakan kelas. Disamping itu terdapat beberapa mahasiswa  memilih metode penelitian pengembangan. Hasil penelitian dan publikasi pada Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika telah menyesuaikan dengan tren penelitian pendidikan pendidikan matematika baik pada level nasional maupun internasional. How to Cite : Kadir. (2017). Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Learning Intervention Toward Mathematical Thinking on Research and Publication of Student. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 4(2), 162-175. doi:10.15408/tjems.v4i2.8010. Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/tjems.v4i2.8010
Social Aspects of Hookah Smoking Among US Youth
Authors: Agaku Israel , Odani Satomi , Armour Brian , Glover-Kudon Rebecca
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND:

We investigated 3 social dimensions of youth hookah smoking: frequency, places smoked, and descriptive social norms.

METHODS:

Data were from the 2016 National Youth Tobacco Survey of US sixth- to 12th-graders (n = 20 675). Hookah smoking frequency was classified as never, former, current occasional, and current frequent. Places where past 30-day hookah smoking occurred and students’ perceptions of their classmates’ hookah smoking prevalence were assessed. Descriptive and multivariable analyses were performed (P < .05).

RESULTS:

Overall, 10.5% reported smoking hookah ≥1 time in their lifetime. Of these, 65.8% were former, 26.3% were current occasional, and 7.9% were current frequent smokers. Overall, 59.3% of students overestimated hookah smoking prevalence in their grade. Current occasional smoking was predicted by female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.54) and peer hookah-smoking overestimation (aOR = 9.30). Current frequent smoking was most strongly predicted by living with a hookah smoker (aOR = 20.56), speaking a second language other than English (aOR = 2.17), and co-use of mentholated cigarettes (aOR = 19.94) or other flavored noncigarette tobacco products (aOR = 17.59). The top 3 places hookah was smoked were a friend’s house (47.7%), the respondent’s own house (31.8%), and another family member’s house (20.8%).

CONCLUSIONS:

The home environment was the most common place for youth hookah smoking. Home-tailored interventions that encourage voluntary smoke-free rules and warn about the dangers of social smoking could help denormalize hookah smoking.
Os múltiplos sentidos da palavra direito em meio a fenômenos normativos plurais
Authors: Ferreira Hugo Luís Pena
Published: June 2018

O presente ensaio propõe apontar, em caráter introdutório, osmúltiplos sentidosassumidos pelo termo “direito”. A abordagem é feita a partir de dois grandes recortes, que buscam caracterizar sentidos do direito institucionalizado como norma, de um lado, e do direito como representação intelectual, de outro. Nesses recortes, questões como papéis do direito, fontes de normatividade jurídica, aplicação e processos dinâmicos emergem e são problematizadas. Da multiplicidade semântica do “direito”, o texto parte para a pluralidade de fenômenos normativos com implicações para a estruturação de padrões de interação e ação de pessoas e governos. O ensaio tem o objetivo de servir de introdução tanto à pluralidade de sentidos para o direito quanto ao olhar pluralista a respeito da normatividade na sociedade. Aponta-se, assim, que embora seja um dos discursos disponíveis para fazer referência à normatividade na sociedade, o direito não tem o monopólio das emanações normativas relevantes. Nesse sentido, a porção final do texto destaca a perda do espaço do direito – sobretudo para a economia – como quadro de referência para o exercício da autoridade, atribuída à prevalência de uma perspectiva jurídica convencional de caráter dogmático, formalista, e fechada a elementos de outras esferas de saber e prática.
Phleboliths Radiographic Features in Plain Radiographs: Report of Three Cases
Authors: Munhoz Luciana , Costa Camila Lobato da Silva , Arita Emiko Saito
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Phleboliths are calcified thrombi that may originate from an injury to a vessel wall or stagnation of peripheral blood flow. They are not usually observed in maxillofacial areas and are often associated with vascular malformations. Plain radiographs, such as panoramic radiograph, can be a useful tool to detect phleboliths.Case report: In this report, we describe three cases of phleboliths, found in routine radiographs, emphasizing radiographic features in conventional imaging. When evaluating multiple radiopaque structures randomly distributed in plain radiographs, dental practitioners should consider the presence of a phlebolith, particularly when laminations can be observed. Plain radiographs have an important role in detecting phleboliths, however, patients should be referred to other more accurate imaging exams.
ELECTROPHORETIC SYSTEMS FOR PREPARATIVE FRACTIONATION OF PROTEIN PRECURSORS OF BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES FROM COW’S MILK
Authors: Yukalo V. , Storozh L. , Datsyshyn K. , Krupa O.
Published: July 2018

The article considers the possibility of obtaining purified fractions-precursors of bioactive peptides from milk proteins by the method of preparative electrophoresis. To choose an electrophoretic system, a comparative study has been carried out of four methods of electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel that are used to analyse milk proteins (disc-electrophoresis without disaggregating agents, and disc-electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate in homogeneous and gradient gel, and electrophoresis in homogeneous gel with urea). Electrophoresis of the total milk protein has shown that none of these systems allows separating effectively all protein precursors of bioactive peptides. The next stage was obtaining two main groups of milk proteins – caseins and serum proteins for electrophoretic fractionation. With the help of analytical electrophoresis, it has been established that each of the obtained groups had a typical proteins composition. Then, the proteins groups obtained were fractionated by preparative electrophoresis using the four electrophoretic systems listed above. In this case, the casein proteins that differ in the primary structure (αS1-, αS2-, β-, and ϰ-caseins) can be effectively separated by preparative electrophoresis on the basis of a homogeneous gel system in the presence of urea. The composition of this electrophoretic system was simplified. Unlike the analytical variant of a homogeneous polyacrylamide gel system, the toxic 2-mercaptoethanol was excluded, and the urea concentration was reduced. For the fractionation of serum proteins, a disc-electrophoresis without disaggregating agents can be used as a basis. It allows obtaining the main precursors of bioactive peptides from milk serum proteins: β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, serum albumin, and immunoglobulins. The protein precursors obtained by preparative electrophoresis were used to develop the biotechnology of obtaining bioactive phosphopeptides and inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme.
CHANGES IN THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF THE RADISH OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES DEPENDING ON THE STORAGE METHOD
Authors: Dubinina A. , Selyutina H. , Letuta T. , Hapontseva O. , Frolova T.
Published: July 2018

It is found that the ways of storing radish root vegetables have different effect on their nutritive properties. The data obtained show that the total mass losses during storage in containers in bulk range from 14.80% (Bila Zymova Skvyrska) to 19.20% (Daikon Bile Iklo). Storage in containers with a polyethylene liner and with a layer of damp sand on top results in total mass losses of 6.67 to 10.38% (Chorna Zymova Skvyrska and Daikon Bile Iklo, respectively); storage in containers with a polyethylene liner and open top leads to 12.30–16.65% losses in mass (Bila Zymova Skvyrska and Daikon Bile Iklo, respectively). It has been studied for different radish varieties how product losses and the dynamics of the content of dry substances, sugars, organic acids, and vitamin C depend on the method of storage. The amount of vitamin C, when radish root vegetables were stored in the traditional way in a container, decreased by 1.7–2.5 mg/100 g (the varieties Sertse Drakona and Marhelanska, respectively). The use of a polyethylene liner can reduce the loss of ascorbic acid by 40–55% of the initial content in the product.  On the contrary, spreading a layer of wet sand on top contributes to an increase in vitamin C in the varieties of the radish root under study. So, its amount at the end of the storage period was 24.67 mg/100 g (Daikon Bile Iklo) to 35.00 mg/100 g (Troiandova).It has been experimentally determined that the chemical composition of the varieties Chorna Zymova Skvyrska, Bila Zymova Skvyrska, Marushka, Troiandova, Sertse Drakona remains quite stable during all storage period. They are resistant to intensive sprouting, and quantitative losses do not exceed 17 % even under traditional storage in containers in bulk. The varieties Lebidka, Marhelanska and Daikon Bile Iklo require special storage conditions which would not only provide temperature and humidity control, but, for example, the selection of gas composition or products ventilation rate, etc., as well. It has been proved that radishes are best stored in containers with a polyethylene liner, covered with a wet sand layer. This method provides high humidity, a stable temperature, and the optimum content of carbon dioxide. Besides, i allows reducing the loss in dry substances and sugars, and preventing the intensive sprouting of the root vegetables, with up to 94 % of them remaining in saleable condition by the end of the storage period. The storage of root vegetables with the use of a wet sand covering layer provides an increase in vitamin C content.