bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Influence of Anionic Composition of Salts on Synthesis of Zinc Orthostannate by the Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Anisimov Valeriy , Saprykin Aleksey , Artemkina Irina , Makarov Nikolay
Published: October 2021

The effect of anionic composition of zinc salts upon interaction with tin (IV) chloride on preparation of zinc orthostannate by the sol-gel method was studied. It was determined that the minimum temperature for the synthesis of zinc orthostannate was 800 °C. It was revealed that when zinc chloride was used, tetraaminezinc chloride was formed, which decomposed during firing. When zinc acetate or zinc sulfate was used, the synthesis of zinc orthostannate was not fully completed up to 1100 °C.
Sol-gel Synthesis of Materials in the System ZnO – SnO2
Authors: Pavlov Stepan , Makarov Nikolay
Published: October 2021

The effect of the anionic composition on the preparation of powder material in the ZnO – SnO2, system by the sol-gel method has been investigated. It was found that the best composition of zinc orthostannate is obtained using zinc sulfate and tin (IV) chloride. According to the data of X-ray phase analysis, the optimum temperature for the synthesis of the material is 1050 °C.
Thermodynamic Modeling of Ni-Si-Cr-B-C System in Air and Propane Atmosphere
Authors: Ilinykh Nina , Krivorigova Anastasia , Gelchinski Boris , Ilinykh Sergey
Published: October 2021

Thermodynamic modeling of a powder self-fluxing material PGSR-2 based on nickel (wt. %): Ni-79.3, C-0.5, Cr-15, Si-3.2, B-2 was carried out. Modeling was executed in the temperature range of 300-6000 K in the atmosphere of air and gas mixture “92 vol. % air + 8 vol. % propane” at a total pressure of P=105 Pa. The temperature dependences of the equilibrium composition of the condensed and gas phases formed during the heating of the investigated system were calculated. It is shown that the distribution of the components of the condensed and gas phases changes significantly when the initial content of the powder material and the composition of the plasma-forming gas are changed.
FGM Architecture with Heat-Resistant Properties
Authors: Oglezneva Svetlana A. , Kachenyuk Maxim N. , Smetkin Andrey A.
Published: October 2021

A composite laminated heat-resistant material was manufactured by the method of spark plasma sintering. The architecture of a bonding layer between a substrate made of a heat-resistant superalloy and a ceramic coating containing sublayers of the intermetallic NiAl and a mixture of NiAl with 15 or 30 wt. % zirconia (8YSZ) is proposed. In a layered composite, the microhardness and thermal conductivity change monotonically on going from the substrate to the outer ceramic. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the bonding layer is close to that for ceramics in the operating temperature range.
Production of Pigments on the Basis of Titanium Tetrachloride
Authors: Vyboishchik Alexander , Popov Mikhail
Published: October 2021

The article describes the manufacture of titanium dioxide, or titania, on the basis of titanium tetrachloride. The main technological requirements for the production of titania are listed, the most prospective raw materials for the chlorination method are given, the description of the technological process for the yield of titania is described.
Kinematic Analysis of a Disk Working Body with a Changing Radius of Curvature
Authors: Konovalov Vladimir I. , Konovalov Sergey I. , Baradakov Viktor I.
Published: October 2021

In recent years, the improvement of the technological process of tillage is based on the use of working bodies with a curved shape of the working surface, which can increase the agrotechnical rates of tillage and reduce its energy intensity. Agricultural implements with disk working bodies are among the most common machines in agriculture. The article presents a kinematic analysis of a disk working body with a changing radius of curvature. Expressions for determining the coordinates, velocity, and acceleration of the arbitrary point on the working surface are obtained.
Investigation of the Effect of the Front Angle on the Strength of the Cutting Wedge by Photomecanics
Authors: Zhed Olga , Kozochkin Mikhail , Kazymaeva Katerina
Published: October 2021

Stress-strain state of cutting wedge models is evaluated by photomechanics method in the work. Models are made of optically sensitive organic glass of ED-6 grade. The aim of the study is to improve the method of selecting geometric parameters of the cutting wedge based on experimental data from photomechanics. The effect of the face angle on the strength of the cutting wedge was considered.
Machine-Building Enterprise Sustainable Development Level Assessment
Authors: Kuznetsova Elena Yu. , Podoliak Olga O. , Albasha Tawfeek , Ershov Aleksey V.
Published: October 2021

Most of the countries of the world strive to be committed to the Concept of Sustainable Development and develop their own national system for monitoring progress towards the implementation of the 17 global Sustainable Development Goals. In most cases, implementation is ensured through the national projects that have an infrastructure nature. At the same time, it is very appropriate to use the achievements of business organizations, primarily industrial enterprises, which include environmental and social goals as providing direct production activities. These goals and, accordingly, the indicators that evaluate them, reflect the process activity of the enterprise. The study shows the role of the project activity of the enterprise, which ensures the successful implementation of process goals within the functional direction (by the example of the environmental and social spheres of ensuring the production process of the enterprise). As a result of the analysis of the industrial enterprises standard reporting, indicators that meet the parameters of sustainable development approved in the Russian Federation, are identified. Recommendations are given for expanding the sustainable development goals that an industrial enterprise can meet in the framework of ensuring its production activities.
Planning and Design of Robotic Production
Authors: Roque Vidal Luis Fernando , Ogorodnikova Olga
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses the design of automated lines, taking into account the use of industrial robots to perform technological operations. When planning manufacturing processes, as well as the placement of process equipment and robots in the production area, optimization techniques are usually used to ensure critical performance and efficiency indicators. The considered design methods are shown on the example of an automated line for the production of lithium-ion batteries. To design this line, 3D CAD models of technological equipment and transport lines were built. Based on the results of time analysis, those technological operations were opted, for which it would be advisable to use robots. The design of the robotic production for the technological operations was carried out using ABB robots. The robots required were chosen from the ABB catalog by weight, size of work area, speed and power. The plan of the robotic zones was drawn up using the ABB RobotStudio software, which allows visualizing the movements and programming robots off-line.
Evaluation of Resources of a Part Depending on its Renewal Density
Authors: Masienko Ivan , Shevchenko Sergei , Vasilenko Artem
Published: October 2021

The article proposes a method to obtain the numerical characteristics of the assessment of the resource of a part on the basis of experimental data on the element renewal density, which can significantly reduce the cost of labor, funds and time to obtain the required results. A methodological approach to the use of experimental data on the renewal density to evaluate the numerical characteristics of the original law of distribution of the resource of an element is presented.
Routing of Fluidic Circuits Using Skeletons of Polygonal Figures and Compound Splines
Authors: Romakin Vladimir
Published: October 2021

Routing of channels between elementary fluidic elements is an important stage in the design of new fluidic devices. This paper considers usage skeletons of polygonal figures and compound splines in routing of fluidic circuits.
Experimental Research of 4x4 ATV Motion Along the Curved Trajectory at the Test Bench
Authors: Evseev Kirill , Dyakov Aleksey , Goncharov Roman , Chutkov Konstantin
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of experimental evaluation value of the reactive torque on the ATV steering shaft during its motion along circle. The tests were carried out on a test bench. The developed method provides for experiments on trajectories of different curvature. Three races were performed for each radius.
A Unit for Applying Liquid Fertilizers
Authors: Belousov Sergey , Khanin Yury
Published: October 2021

The work is devoted to methods and means for applying concentrated fertilizers. The article has an analytical character, which is expressed in the fact that the methods and means of mechanization for applying liquid fertilizers are given, as well as excerpts from the works of scientists on the subject under study. The main trend in the development of means for the use of liquid fertilizers is determined, the issues of improving the quality indicators of their work are considered. The technology of using liquid fertilizers and the development of mechanization tools for their application is also justified. The main results achieved so far and the prospects for the development of this direction are presented.
Oral rehabilitation after squamous cell carcinoma mandibular resection
Authors: Dimmock Mylène , Alshehri Sara , Delanoë Franck , Pradines Marc , Georg Ségolène , Lauwers Frédéric , Lopez Raphael
Published: October 2021

Introduction:Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity is the most common cause of mandibular defect. The functional and aesthetic impacts of this surgery must be considered. The number of mandibular resections depends on the TNM classification of the tumor. Mandibular reconstruction by a fibula free flap has become the gold standard. Unfortunately, not all mandibular resections are rehabilitated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate oral rehabilitation after mandibular resection in patients with squamous cell carcinoma.Materials and methods:A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate oral rehabilitations according to the type of surgical resection and reconstruction. The secondary evaluation criteria were type of rehabilitation, implant success rate, post-radiotherapy delay, rehabilitation success rate, and causes of non-rehabilitation.Results:The study included 157 patients with mandibular resection. Of the patients, 26.7 percent received oral rehabilitation. All rehabilitation with implants was functional. The main causes of non-rehabilitation were death or recurrences related to the progression of the disease, postoperative anatomical difficulties, and cost of oral rehabilitation.Conclusion:Oral rehabilitation after mandibular resection surgery is insufficient. A rehabilitation unit including a maxillofacial surgeon, oral surgeon, and dentist is essential. Implementation of the unit should be considered as soon as possible. The cost of rehabilitation should not be a limiting factor.
Enhancement of the pinning potential in a single-crystal superconductor FeTe0.65Se0.35 under the influence of hydrogen sorption
Authors: Timofeev V. P. , Bondarenko S. I. , Meleshko V. V. , Savina Yu. A. , Wisniewski A.
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the results of contactless SQUID-magnetometric studies of single crystals of the FeTe0.65Se0.35 compound saturated with hydrogen at various temperatures. The experimental technique is described. The results of changes in the magnetic and superconducting characteristics under the influence of sorption of gaseous hydrogen are discussed.
Phase states and the mechanism of crystallization of condensed Ar−Kr mixtures
Authors: Solodovnik A. A. , Mysko-Krutik N. S.
Published: October 2021

The structure characteristics of Ar−Kr mixtures deposited under special conditions have been investigated in the whole interval of concentrations applying the transmission electron diffraction technique (THEED). The samples were prepared in situ by condensing a gas mixture preliminary cooled down to the sub-liquid-nitrogen level onto substrates at T = 6 K and 20 K. The experimental results show that the structure and morphology of the Ar−Kr condensates are dependent on the nucleation dynamics prevailing in the course of the sample formation. It is shown that cooling a gas mixture is favorable to the clusterization of solute atoms in the gas flow. The krypton small clusters can serve as condensation clusters. The phase boundaries of the condensates have been determined. Regular Ar−Kr solutions are formed when the contents of one of the components are low (0−10 mol % Ar), (0−5 mol % Kr). The diffraction patterns of the condensates with prevailing Kr contents corresponded to a mixture of Kr-enriched fcc solutions and a dispersed phase of argon. The excess Kr contents are due to the specific morphology of the solutions dictated by condensation conditions. The Ar-based samples contained a mixture of two crystalline phases (an fcc solution and the hcp phase of nearly pure argon) and a glass phase of nearly pure krypton. In the concentration range 58−78 mol % Ar the new morphological form of the Ar−Kr condensates resembles the gel. The phase state diagram of the Ar−Kr condensates has been obtained.
Shear elastic surface waves and system symmetry
Authors: Kovalev A. S. , Syrkin E. S.
Published: October 2021

The effect of the anisotropy of an elastic medium and a crystal on the properties of surface waves is considered. It leads to symmetry breaking of a semi-bounded space with respect to reflection. This fact affects the possibility of the existence and properties of surface elastic shear waves. It is shown that, while maintaining the crystallographic symmetry in crystals with the surface orientation (110), the anisotropy breaks the indicated symmetry, but retains the possibility of propagation of surface waves with their strong modification. In the case of an anisotropic half-space with a thin film coating, which allows the propagation of the Love waves in an isotropic medium, anisotropy leads to the absence of such stationary waves.
Roadmap on organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite semiconductors and devices
Authors: Schmidt-Mende Lukas , Dyakonov Vladimir , Olthof Selina , Ünlü Feray , Lê Khan Moritz Trong , Mathur Sanjay , Karabanov Andrei D. , Lupascu Doru C. , Herz Laura M. , Hinderhofer Alexander , Schreiber Frank , Chernikov Alexey , Egger David A. , Shargaieva Oleksandra , Cocchi Caterina , Unger Eva , Saliba Michael , Byranvand Mahdi Malekshahi , Kroll Martin , Nehm Frederik , Leo Karl , Redinger Alex , Höcker Julian , Kirchartz Thomas , Warby Jonathan , Gutierrez-Partida Emilio , Neher Dieter , Stolterfoht Martin , Würfel Uli , Unmüssig Moritz , Herterich Jan , Baretzky Clemens , Mohanraj John , Thelakkat Mukundan , Maheu Clément , Jaegermann Wolfram , Mayer Thomas , Rieger Janek , Fauster Thomas , Niesner Daniel , Yang Fengjiu , Albrecht Steve , Riedl Thomas , Fakharuddin Azhar , Vasilopoulou Maria , Vaynzof Yana , Moia Davide , Maier Joachim , Franckevičius Marius , Gulbinas Vidmantas , Kerner Ross A. , Zhao Lianfeng , Rand Barry P. , Glück Nadja , Bein Thomas , Matteocci Fabio , Castriotta Luigi Angelo , Di Carlo Aldo , Scheffler Matthias , Draxl Claudia
Published: October 2021

Metal halide perovskites are the first solution processed semiconductors that can compete in their functionality with conventional semiconductors, such as silicon. Over the past several years, perovskite semiconductors have reported breakthroughs in various optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells, photodetectors, light emitting and memory devices, and so on. Until now, perovskite semiconductors face challenges regarding their stability, reproducibility, and toxicity. In this Roadmap, we combine the expertise of chemistry, physics, and device engineering from leading experts in the perovskite research community to focus on the fundamental material properties, the fabrication methods, characterization and photophysical properties, perovskite devices, and current challenges in this field. We develop a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art and offer readers an informed perspective of where this field is heading and what challenges we have to overcome to get to successful commercialization.
Verbal reduplication as an aspectual marker and manifestation of cultural values in Amondawa (Brazil, Amazon)
Authors: Sampaio Wany Bernardete de Araujo , Camargos Quesler Fagundes , Amondawa Arikam
Published: October 2021

In this paper we analyse verbal reduplication in the Amondawa language, focusing on the aspectual function. We argue that verbal reduplication may be linked to Amondawa’s cultural values, such as the counting system and the event-based concept of time. We analysed 100 verbal predicates, considering: (i) transitivity (active and stative intransitive and transitive), (ii) semantic properties (state, activity, achievements and accomplishments); and (iii) morphological structure. The results suggest that, for the Amondawa, verbal reduplication presents notions of pluractionality, notably aspectual, and reflects cultural values related to their ways of counting things in the world and their conception of time. Thus, in this language/culture, it is preferable to say that this phenomenon evidences a decomposition of the event into micro-events, rather than verbal plurality. In this sense, reduplication works as a kind of aspectual marker and not as a plural mark, in the strict sense, whether in nouns or verbs.
Optional agreement as successful/failed Agree
Authors: Lyskawa Paulina , Ranero Rodrigo
Published: October 2021

We investigate optional predicate agreement in Santiago Tz’utujil (Mayan). Several generalizations emerge: (i) inanimate arguments base-generated as complements control agreement optionally; (ii) some animate arguments base-generated as complements control agreement optionally; (iii) all arguments base-generated as specifiers control full agreement obligatorily. We propose that two conditions must be met for the operation Agreeto succeed, resulting in the exponence of all the features of the agreement controller. First, a goal must be visible (bear the right feature). Second, a goal must be accessible (be in the right structural position). If one or both conditions are not met, Agreefails, but the derivation converges and 3sgagreement is exponed. While Agreeis deterministic, surface optionality arises when the operation fails. We use optional agreement to diagnose the syntactic structure of understudied constructions in Mayan (nominalizations, Agent Focus). We discuss microvariation, highlighting methodological considerations that arise when assuming an I-language approach.
Effect of deposition layer on microstructure of Ti–Al bimetallic structures fabricated by wire and arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Tian Yinbao , Shen Junqi , Hu Shengsun , Chen Xinya , Cai Yangchuan , Han Jian
Published: October 2021

Ti–Al bimetallic components present extensive application prospects and have attracted considerable attention owing to their low cost and light weight. In this study, Ti–Al bimetallic structures with one, two, and five Al layers were fabricated via wire and arc additive manufacturing by cold metal transfer welding. During the deposition process of the first Al layer, the matrix was TiAl, and a needle-shaped Ti3Al was formed. Subsequently, from the second deposition layer of the Al alloy, however, TiAl3 was formed, and it exhibited an exceptional morphology with two types of structures: coarse columnar grain structures with identical growth orientation, and long strip-like structures with a random distribution. The formation order of Ti–Al intermetallic compounds was TiAl3, TiAl, and Ti3Al.
Investigation of the interaction between emotion and working memory load using spatiotemporal pattern similarity analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Liu Baolin , Gao Xiaorong
Published: October 2021

Objective. Accumulating evidence has revealed that emotions can be provided with the modulatory effect on working memory (WM) and WM load is an important factor for the interaction between emotion and WM. However, it remains controversial whether emotions inhibit or facilitate WM and the interaction between cognitive task, processing load and emotional processing remains unclear. Approach. In this study, we used a change detection paradigm wherein memory items have four different load sizes and emotion videos to induce three emotions (negative, neutral, and positive). We performed an event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) analysis and a spatiotemporal pattern similarity (STPS) analysis on the electroencephalography data. Main results. The ERSP results indicated that alpha and beta oscillations can reflect the difference among WM load sizes and also can reflect the difference among emotions under middle high WM load over posterior brain region in the maintenance stage. Moreover, the STPS results demonstrated a significant interaction between emotion and WM load size in the posterior region and found significantly higher similarity indexes for the negative emotion to the neutral emotion under the middle high WM load during WM maintenance. In addition, The STPS results also revealed that both positive emotion and negative emotion could interfere with the distinction of load sizes. Significance. The consistence of the behavioral, ERSP and STPS results suggested that when the memory load approaches the limit of WM capacity, negative emotion could facilitate WM through the top–down attention modulation promoting the most relevant information storage during WM maintenance.
Objective-Subjective Sound Quality Correlation Performance Comparison of Genetic Algorithm Based Regression Models and Neural Network Based Approach
Authors: Jamali Reza , Battista Gianmarco , Martarelli Milena , Chiariotti Paolo , Shriram Kunte Deepti , Colangeli Claudio , Castellini Paolo
Published: October 2021

Every product is growingly being evaluated in terms of acoustic characteristics. The most accurate way to rate sound quality is by performing jury tests; however, jury tests require a lot of time and human resources. To overcome this problem, jury tests results can be correlated to objective sound quality metrics owing to the fact that objective metrics could be easily obtained from sound data. In this study, advanced techniques for feature identification are explored to correlate objective metrics to subjective perception retrieved from jury tests. The data set refers to the interior noise of a regional propeller aircraft. Artificial Neural Network and two regression models (i.e. linear and quadratic regression models) have been chosen to predict subjective metrics according to the objective data. To obtain the optimized model parameters for the regression models, a Genetic Algorithm has been used as optimization strategy. In each modelling, 85 percent of sound sample data have been utilized to perform the model and remaining 15 percent have been reserved for testing the models. The results showed that the Artificial Neural Network can provide better prediction.
Bioinspired translation of classical music into de novo protein structures using deep learning and molecular modeling
Authors: Milazzo Mario , Anderson Grace I , Buehler Markus J
Published: October 2021

Architected biomaterials, as well as sound and music, are constructed from small building blocks that are assembled across time- and length-scales. Here we present a novel deep learning-enabled integrated algorithmic workflow to merge the two concepts for radical discovery of de novo protein materials, exploiting musical creativity as the foundation, and extrapolating through a recursive method to increase protein complexity by successively injecting protein chemistry into the process. Indeed, music is one of the few universal expressions that can create bridges between cultures, find associations between seemingly unrelated concepts, and can be used as a novel way to generate bio-inspired designs that derive functions from the imaginations of the creative mind. Earlier work has offered a pathway to convert proteins into sound, and sound into proteins. Here we build on this paradigm and translate a piece of classical music into matter. Based on Bach’s Goldberg variations, we offer a series of case studies to convert the musical data imagined by the composer into protein design, and folded into a 3D structure using deep learning. The quest we seek to address is to identify semblances, or memories, or information content in such musical creation, that offers new insights into pattern relationships between distinct manifestations of information. Using basic local alignment search tool analysis, we find that several fragments of the new proteins display similarities to existing protein sequences found in proteobacteria among other organisms, especially in regions of low complexity and repetitive motifs. The resulting protein forms the basis for iterative musical composition, and an evolutionary paradigm that defines a variational pathway for melodic development, complementing conventional creative or mathematical methods. This paper broadens the concept of what is understood as bio-inspiration to include a broad array of systems created by humans, animals, or other natural mechanisms.
Dual crosslinked pullulan–gelatin cryogel scaffold for chondrocyte-mediated cartilage repair: synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation
Authors: Anand Resmi , Nimi N , Sivadas V P , Merlin Rajesh Lal L P , Nair Prabha D
Published: October 2021

Cryogels, a subset of hydrogels, have recently drawn attention for cartilage tissue engineering due to its inherent microporous architecture and good mechanical properties. In this study a dual crosslinked pullulan–gelatin cryogel (PDAG) scaffold was synthesized by crosslinking gelatin with oxidized pullulan by Schiff’s base reaction followed by cryogelation. Chondrocytes seeded within the PDAG scaffolds and cultured for 21 d in vitro demonstrated enhanced cell proliferation, enhanced production of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix and up-regulated sulfated glycosaminoglycan without altering the articular chondrocyte phenotype. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-based gene expression studies, immunofluorescence, and histological studies demonstrated that the PDAG scaffold significantly enhanced the expression of chondrogenic marker genes such as type II collagen, aggrecan, and SOX9. Taken together, these results demonstrated that PDAG scaffold prepared by sequential Schiff’s base reaction and cryogelation would be a promising cell-responsive scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering applications.
Modes of wide-aperture acousto-optic diffraction in a uniaxial birefringent crystal
Authors: Machikhin Alexander , Gorevoy Alexey , Batshev Vladislav , Pozhar Vitold
Published: October 2021

Acousto-optic (AO) anisotropic interaction in uniaxial birefringent crystals is a widespread and versatile approach to tunable spectral filtration of light. Its principal constraints are limited values of spectral and angular bandwidth restricting the light transmission and imaging performance of AO filters. A way to overcome these drawbacks is simultaneous Bragg diffraction of two or more light beams. In this paper, we discuss and compare the main features of four available modes of anisotropic wide-aperture AO interactions in uniaxial birefringent crystals. We calculate the angular aperture, spectral resolution and other parameters and estimate the spectral image quality features related to each one. Theoretical consideration and computational modeling are carried out for tellurium dioxide (TeO2)—the main AO crystal. Derived results are important for the development of AO imaging devices, particularly multi-channel AO tunable filters.
Improving readout in quantum simulations with repetition codes
Authors: Günther Jakob M , Tacchino Francesco , Wootton James R , Tavernelli Ivano , Barkoutsos Panagiotis Kl
Published: October 2021

Near term quantum computers suffer from the presence of different noise sources. In order to mitigate for this effect and acquire results with significantly better accuracy, there is the urge of designing efficient error correction or error mitigation schemes. The cost of such techniques is usually high in terms of resource requirements, either in hardware or at the algorithmic level. In this work, we follow a pragmatic approach and we use repetition codes as scalable schemes with the potential to provide more accurate solutions to problems of interest in quantum chemistry and physics. We investigate different repetition code layouts and we propose a circular repetition scheme with connectivity requirements that are native on IBM Quantum hardware. We showcase our approach in multiple IBM Quantum devices and validate our results using a simplified theoretical noise model. We highlight the effect of using the proposed scheme in an electronic structure variational quantum eigensolver calculation and in the simulation of time evolution for a quantum Ising model.
The Woman Writer on Film and the #MeToo Literary Biopic
Authors: Bekers Katrijn , Willems Gertjan
Published: October 2021

This article focuses on the representation of female authors’ lives in English-language literary biopics and how these representations relate to feminist contexts. Departing from previous research on biopics focusing on women (particularly women writers), this article identifies four categories of such films: the patriarchal literary biopic, in which the representation of an author’s life is related to patriarchal values, the second-wave feminist literary biopic, which is related to second-wave feminism, the postfeminist literary biopic, which is related to postfeminism, and finally the #MeToo literary biopic, a new category of films that has recently begun to emerge. By analyzing the films Colette (Wash Westmoreland, 2018) and Wild Nights with Emily (Madeleine Olnek, 2019), this article shows how these films correspond to the #MeToo movement. The #MeToo literary biopic is characterized by (a) excessive attention to difficult publication processes and the disclosure of women’s words, (b) emphasizing the persistent censoring of women’s words, (c) deconstructing the myths surrounding female authors, and (d) underscoring (female) solidarity and empowerment.
iRice-MS: An integrated XGBoost model for detecting multitype post-translational modification sites in rice
Authors: Lv Hao , Zhang Yang , Wang Jia-Shu , Yuan Shi-Shi , Sun Zi-Jie , Dao Fu-Ying , Guan Zheng-Xing , Lin Hao , Deng Ke-Jun
Published: October 2021

Post-translational modification (PTM) refers to the covalent and enzymatic modification of proteins after protein biosynthesis, which orchestrates a variety of biological processes. Detecting PTM sites in proteome scale is one of the key steps to in-depth understanding their regulation mechanisms. In this study, we presented an integrated method based on eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), called iRice-MS, to identify 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, crotonylation, malonylation, ubiquitination, succinylation and acetylation in rice. For each PTM-specific model, we adopted eight feature encoding schemes, including sequence-based features, physicochemical property-based features and spatial mapping information-based features. The optimal feature set was identified from each encoding, and their respective models were established. Extensive experimental results show that iRice-MS always display excellent performance on 5-fold cross-validation and independent dataset test. In addition, our novel approach provides the superiority to other existing tools in terms of AUC value. Based on the proposed model, a web server named iRice-MS was established and is freely accessible at http://lin-group.cn/server/iRice-MS.
BioNet: a large-scale and heterogeneous biological network model for interaction prediction with graph convolution
Authors: Yang Xi , Wang Wei , Ma Jing-Lun , Qiu Yan-Long , Lu Kai , Cao Dong-Sheng , Wu Cheng-Kun
Published: October 2021

Motivation

Understanding chemical–gene interactions (CGIs) is crucial for screening drugs. Wet experiments are usually costly and laborious, which limits relevant studies to a small scale. On the contrary, computational studies enable efficient in-silico exploration. For the CGI prediction problem, a common method is to perform systematic analyses on a heterogeneous network involving various biomedical entities. Recently, graph neural networks become popular in the field of relation prediction. However, the inherent heterogeneous complexity of biological interaction networks and the massive amount of data pose enormous challenges. This paper aims to develop a data-driven model that is capable of learning latent information from the interaction network and making correct predictions.

Results

We developed BioNet, a deep biological networkmodel with a graph encoder–decoder architecture. The graph encoder utilizes graph convolution to learn latent information embedded in complex interactions among chemicals, genes, diseases and biological pathways. The learning process is featured by two consecutive steps. Then, embedded information learnt by the encoder is then employed to make multi-type interaction predictions between chemicals and genes with a tensor decomposition decoder based on the RESCAL algorithm. BioNet includes 79 325 entities as nodes, and 34 005 501 relations as edges. To train such a massive deep graph model, BioNet introduces a parallel training algorithm utilizing multiple Graphics Processing Unit (GPUs). The evaluation experiments indicated that BioNet exhibits outstanding prediction performance with a best area under Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.952, which significantly surpasses state-of-theart methods. For further validation, top predicted CGIs of cancer and COVID-19 by BioNet were verified by external curated data and published literature.
On Constitutionalism and Women’s Citizenship
Authors: Rubio-Marín Ruth
Published: October 2021

This article is an attempt to explain the forms in which constitutionalism has facilitated or hindered women’s equal citizenship throughout history and with a particular emphasis on Western constitutionalism, especially the US and continental Europe, but also with an eye on new constitutionalism and its innovations. In so doing, the article takes into account not only women’s access to the rights first conquered by men but also the extent to which the forms of participation traditionally assigned to women—neither in the state nor in the marketplace, but rather in the household and in the family—have become recognized as forms of citizenship contribution. In other words, it tells the story of the relevance of constitutionalism for women’s citizenship as defined in male terms (that is to say, with a focus on equal rights and participation in the so-called public sphere), as well as for women’s ability to redefine the very understanding of citizenship to include participation in social reproduction, in and through the so-called domestic sphere.
Analysis of the Population Dynamics of Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci [Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae]) Under Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: Parola-Contreras I , Guevara-González R G , Contreras-Medina L M , Rico-García E , Aguirre-Becerra H , Guzmán-Cruz R
Published: October 2021

Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) represent an insect pest in horticulture. It serves as a vector for transmitting phytopathogens that inhibit the correct development of plants, affecting crop performance. In this research, whitefly population model was proposed to provide a tool that predicts the pest spread within a crop under greenhouse conditions. The analysis, calibration, and validation of the models, based on logistic functions, were implemented for the three stages (egg, nymph, and adult) of the life cycle of this organism. Temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), initial population (number/cm2), and Growing Degree-Day (GDD) were considered as input variables to describe each development stage. The statistical analysis for the model validation included the coefficient of determination (R2), the percentage standard error of prediction (%SEP), the average relative variance (AVR), and the efficiency coefficient (E). The first period for calibration consisted of 43 d (204.3 GDD), and the second period for validation consisted of 36 d (171.1 GDD). The model efficiently predicts the population growth for the egg, nymph, and adult stages since the values of R2 were 0.9856, 0.9918, and 0.9436, and the values of %SEP were 12.4, 11.9, and 75.1% for the egg, nymph, and adult stages, respectively. Moreover, the validation model obtained an R2 of 0.9287 for the egg stage, 0.9645 for the nymph stage, and 0.9884 for the adult stage. Meanwhile, the values of %SEP were 10.38, 16.89, and 32.59% for the egg, nymph, and adult stages, respectively. In both cases, the values suggest an adequate fit for the model.
The effect of the GoodSAM volunteer first-responder app on survival to hospital discharge following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Smith Christopher M , Lall Ranjit , Fothergill Rachael T , Spaight Robert , Perkins Gavin D
Published: October 2021

Aims

Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation can double survival to hospital discharge in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Mobile phone applications, such as GoodSAM, alerting nearby volunteer first-responders about out-of-hospital cardiac arrest could potentially improve bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation, leading to better patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine GoodSAM’s effect on survival to hospital discharge following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods and results

We collected data from the Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes Registry (University of Warwick, UK) submitted by the London Ambulance Service (1 April 2016 to 31 March 2017) and East Midlands Ambulance Service (1 January 2018 to 17 June 2018) and matched out-of-hospital cardiac arrests to GoodSAM alerts. We constructed logistic regression models to determine if there was an association between a GoodSAM first-responder accepting an alert and survival to hospital discharge, adjusting for location type, presenting rhythm, age, gender, ambulance service response time, cardiac arrest witnessed status, and bystander actions. Survival to hospital discharge was 9.6% (393/4196) in London and 7.2% (72/1001) in East Midlands. A GoodSAM first-responder accepted an alert for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in 1.3% (53/4196) cases in London and 5.4% (51/1001) cases in East Midlands. When a responder accepted an alert, the adjusted odds ratio for survival to hospital discharge was 3.15 (95% CI: 1.19–8.36, P = 0.021) in London and 3.19 (95% CI: 1.17–8.73, P = 0.024) in East Midlands.

Conclusion

Alert acceptance was associated with improved survival in both ambulance services. Alert acceptance rates were low, and challenges remain to maximize the potential benefit of GoodSAM.
Acute aortic syndromes: a review of what we know and future considerations
Authors: King R. Wilson , Bonaca Marc P.
Published: October 2021

Acute aortic syndromes represent a spectrum of life-threatening aortic pathologies. Prompt diagnosis and proper management of these syndromes are important in reducing overall mortality and morbidity, which remains high. Acute aortic dissections represent most of these aortic wall pathologies, but intramural haematomas and penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers have been increasingly diagnosed. Type A dissections require prompt surgical treatment, with endovascular options on the horizon. Type B dissections can be complicated or uncomplicated, and treatment is determined based on this designation. Complicated Type B dissections require prompt repair with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) becoming the preferred method. Uncomplicated Type B dissections require medical management, but early TEVAR in the subacute setting is becoming more prominent. Proper surveillance for an uncomplicated Type B dissection is crucial in detecting aortic degeneration and need for intervention. Intramural haematomas and penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers are managed similarly to aortic dissections, but more research is needed to determine the proper management algorithms. Multi-disciplinary aortic programmes have been shown to improve patient outcomes and are necessary in optimizing long-term follow-up.
Underlying causes of under-utilization of cardiac resynchronization therapy in real-world heart failure settings
Authors: Choha E , Henrysson J , Thunstrom E , Fu M , Basic C
Published: October 2021

Background

Despite well-established effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with heart failure (HF), it remained significantly under-utilized. The underlying causes are still not well described.

Aim

To investigate how many patients with HF were eligible for CRT and determine underlying causes why CRT was abstained for these patients in real life settings.

Methods

Retrospective review of medical data was carried out in all patients hospitalized for newly diagnosed HF from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019. Patients were identified from the local university hospital register with three afiliations by use of international classification of disease (ICD)-10 codes I50.0-I50.9. Medical journals, including electrocardiograms and echocardiograms, were reviewed. The indication for CRT was evaluated three months after mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) were initiated as addition to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor /angiotensin-receptor blockers and beta-blocker treatment according to European guidelines for heart failure from 2016. Follow-up was minimum one year and up to two years after HF diagnosis.

Results

In 3456 patients with HF, 642 (18.6%) were patients hospitalized for new onset of HF with ejection fraction (EF) <40%. Out of those, 104 (16.2%) patients were excluded because of incomplete medical record as a result of referral to primary care. Finally, 538 were included in this study. Overall, 163 patients (30.3%) met CRT criteria with 22.5%, 2.6%, 1.9% complying with recommendation IA, IIA, IIB respectively, and 3.9% had more than 50% right ventricular pacing. Only 52 (9.7%) of patients received CRT with mean age 69.3±11.5 years, and 69.2% men and EF 31.9% ± 7.6. In all these patients with HF eligible for CRT, no difference was found in baseline data including hypertension, ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, diabetes mellitus, stroke, cancer and renal failure nor medical treatment between those received CRT and those without CRT. Among underlying causes of under-utilization of CRT, 24.3% were due to multiple concomitant comorbidities, 4.5% due to patient's own wish, 12.5% due to other reasons such as socioeconomic problems and 58.6% with unknown reasons. Mortality rates were 20.7% in patients without treatment with CRT compared with 7.7% in those who received CRT (p=0.037).

Conclusion

In this real world HF cohort, 1/3 patients were eligible for CRT treatment. However only 1/3 received CRT and 58.6% had no contraindication but did not receive CRT, which emphasize urgent need for structured implementation methods for device treatment in patients with HF.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding sources: None.
Isolation and identification of specific bacteriophages against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
in vitro
Authors: Fanaei Vahide , Validi Majid , Zamanzad Behnam , Karimi Ali
Published: October 2021

Drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are also cited as one of the most important causes of community and hospital acquired infections. Phage therapy can be used as a therapeutic method for the treatment of infections caused by these bacteria. The aim of this study was to isolate bacteriophages from municipal wastewater and assess their effects against drug resistant bacterial strains. The single agar layer technique was used to investigate the bacteriolytic effect of bacteriophages. Then, the double agar layer technique was used to observe phage plaques and the transmission electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of the bacteriophages. Transparent plaque formation in a double agar layer test of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae indicated the lysis of bacterial cells by isolated bacteriophages. No bacteriophage against A. baumannii was isolated from municipal wastewater. The morphology of these bacteriophages was also identified by electron microscopy. The results of this study showed that bacteriophages act specifically and due to the increasing level of antibiotic resistance, phage therapy as a new treatment can open a new horizon for the treatment of multidrug resistant bacteria.
The 2020Mw 6.4 Petrinja earthquake: a dextral event with large coseismic slip highlights a complex fault system in northwestern Croatia
Authors: Xiong Wei , Yu Pengfei , Chen Wei , Liu Gang , Zhao Bin , Nie Zhaosheng , Qiao Xuejun
Published: October 2021

On 2020 December 29, the Mw 6.4 Petrinja earthquake hit the Kupa Valley region and set a record for the largest earthquake in northwestern (NW) Croatia. The coseismic surface displacements are well obtained on three pairs of interferometric synthetic aperture radar images from Sentinel-1 satellites. The interferograms exhibit coseismic ground deformation with a maximum line-of-sight displacement of 0.4 m. Based on the coseismic deformation field, we investigate both the fault geometry and the coseismic slip distribution. The results show a dextral event with a peak slip of 3.50 m at a depth of 3.47 km. The shallow depth and unusually large coseismic slip correspond to obvious ground deformation and serious damage in the epicentral zone. The 2020 earthquake highlights an unmapped, steeply dipping strike-slip fault, which possibly enabled a potential ‘curve cut-off’ process on the bending segment of the Pokupsko fault in the context of ∼N–S compression in NW Croatia. The large coseismic slip and high stress drop associated with the Mw 6.4 Petrinja earthquake are likely products of the geometrically complex fault zones and immature seismotectonic environment in NW Croatia.
Sigma and Risk in the Quality Control Routine: Analysis in Chilean Clinical Laboratories
Authors: Carboni-Huerta Roberto , Sáenz-Flor Klever V
Published: October 2021

Background

The Six Sigma methodology is focused toward improvement, based on the Total Quality Management. It has been implemented in analytical procedures for clinical laboratories in the form of Sigma Metrics. This method is used in the evaluation of analytical procedures, providing evidence for risk-based management.

Methods

A descriptive study was carried using data from 18 Chilean clinical laboratories. The information of their performance and quality specifications used in their routine work was obtained from UNITY, an internal quality comparison program.

Results

A total of 3461 sigma evaluations was gathered, mostly from biyearly controls. The general distribution shows a median of 5.5 with positive asymmetry similar to other publications. The reported quality specifications are based in CLIA for 51.2% of the cases, 30.2% from biological variation, and 10.7% from other programs for the external quality evaluation. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between medians against their specification source.

Conclusions

In the studied series, it would be feasible to implement a risk-based quality control system with simple rules and minimal control materials for 55.5% of the evaluated sigmas. 19.6% of the sigmas require improvement mainly in precision. The variety in specifications reveals a lack of harmonization in the specification's selections.