bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis of Rafflesia cantleyi flower stages reveals insights into the regulation of senescence
Authors: Mohd-Elias Nur-Atiqah , Rosli Khadijah , Alias Halimah , Juhari Mohd-Afiq-Aizat , Abu-Bakar Mohd-Faizal , Md-Isa Nurulhikma , Mat-Isa Mohd-Noor , Haji-Adam Jumaat , Goh Hoe-Han , Wan Kiew-Lian
Published: December 2021

Rafflesia is a unique plant species existing as a single flower and produces the largest flower in the world. While Rafflesia buds take up to 21 months to develop, its flowers bloom and wither within about a week. In this study, transcriptome analysis was carried out to shed light on the molecular mechanism of senescence in Rafflesia. A total of 53.3 million high quality reads were obtained from two Rafflesia cantleyi flower developmental stages and assembled to generate 64,152 unigenes. Analysis of this dataset showed that 5,166 unigenes were differentially expressed, in which 1,073 unigenes were identified as genes involved in flower senescence. Results revealed that as the flowers progress to senescence, more genes related to flower senescence were significantly over-represented compared to those related to plant growth and development. Senescence of the R. cantleyi flower activates senescence-associated genes in the transcription activity (members of the transcription factor families MYB, bHLH, NAC, and WRKY), nutrient remobilization (autophagy-related protein and transporter genes), and redox regulation (CATALASE). Most of the senescence-related genes were found to be differentially regulated, perhaps for the fine-tuning of various responses in the senescing R. cantleyi flower. Additionally, pathway analysis showed the activation of genes such as ETHYLENE RECEPTOR, ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 2, ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 3, and ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, indicating the possible involvement of the ethylene hormone response pathway in the regulation of R. cantleyi senescence. Our results provide a model of the molecular mechanism underlying R. cantleyi flower senescence, and contribute essential information towards further understanding the biology of the Rafflesiaceae family.
Characterization of a recently synthesized microtubule-targeting compound that disrupts mitotic spindle poles in human cells
Authors: Jaunky Dilan Boodhai , Larocque Kevin , Husser Mathieu C. , Liu Jiang Tian , Forgione Pat , Piekny Alisa
Published: December 2021

We reveal the effects of a new microtubule-destabilizing compound in human cells. C75 has a core thienoisoquinoline scaffold with several functional groups amenable to modification. Previously we found that sub micromolar concentrations of C75 caused cytotoxicity. We also found that C75 inhibited microtubule polymerization and competed with colchicine for tubulin-binding in vitro. However, here we found that the two compounds synergized suggesting differences in their mechanism of action. Indeed, live imaging revealed that C75 causes different spindle phenotypes compared to colchicine. Spindles remained bipolar and collapsed after colchicine treatment, while C75 caused bipolar spindles to become multipolar. Importantly, microtubules rapidly disappeared after C75-treatment, but then grew back unevenly and from multiple poles. The C75 spindle phenotype is reminiscent of phenotypes caused by depletion of ch-TOG, a microtubule polymerase, suggesting that C75 blocks microtubule polymerization in metaphase cells. C75 also caused an increase in the number of spindle poles in paclitaxel-treated cells, and combining low amounts of C75 and paclitaxel caused greater regression of multicellular tumour spheroids compared to each compound on their own. These findings warrant further exploration of C75’s anti-cancer potential.
Identifying Parkinson’s disease subtypes with motor and non-motor symptoms via model-based multi-partition clustering
Authors: Rodriguez-Sanchez Fernando , Rodriguez-Blazquez Carmen , Bielza Concha , Larrañaga Pedro , Weintraub Daniel , Martinez-Martin Pablo , Rizos Alexandra , Schrag Anette , Chaudhuri K. Ray
Published: December 2021

Identification of Parkinson’s disease subtypes may help understand underlying disease mechanisms and provide personalized management. Although clustering methods have been previously used for subtyping, they have reported generic subtypes of limited relevance in real life practice because patients do not always fit into a single category. The aim of this study was to identify new subtypes assuming that patients could be grouped differently according to certain sets of related symptoms. To this purpose, a novel model-based multi-partition clustering method was applied on data from an international, multi-center, cross-sectional study of 402 Parkinson’s disease patients. Both motor and non-motor symptoms were considered. As a result, eight sets of related symptoms were identified. Each of them provided a different way to group patients: impulse control issues, overall non-motor symptoms, presence of dyskinesias and pyschosis, fatigue, axial symptoms and motor fluctuations, autonomic dysfunction, depression, and excessive sweating. Each of these groups could be seen as a subtype of the disease. Significant differences between subtypes (P< 0.01) were found in sex, age, age of onset, disease duration, Hoehn & Yahr stage, and treatment. Independent confirmation of these results could have implications for the clinical management of Parkinson’s disease patients.
5,6-diiodo-1H-benzotriazole: new TBBt analogue that minutely affects mitochondrial activity
Authors: Paprocki Daniel , Winiewska-Szajewska Maria , Speina Elżbieta , Kucharczyk Róża , Poznański Jarosław
Published: December 2021

4,5,6,7-Tetrabromo-1H-benzotriazole is widely used as the reference ATP-competitive inhibitor of protein kinase CK2. Herein, we study its new analogs: 5,6-diiodo- and 5,6-diiodo-4,7-dibromo-1H-benzotriazole. We used biophysical (MST, ITC) and biochemical (enzymatic assay) methods to describe the interactions of halogenated benzotriazoles with the catalytic subunit of human protein kinase CK2 (hCK2α). To trace the biological activity, we measured their cytotoxicity against four reference cancer cell lines and the effect on the mitochondrial inner membrane potential. The results obtained lead to the conclusion that iodinated compounds are an attractive alternative to brominated ones. One of them retains the cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines of the reference TBBt with a smaller side effect on mitochondrial activity. Both iodinated compounds are candidate leaders in the further development of CK2 inhibitors.
Persimmon-derived tannin has antiviral effects and reduces the severity of infection and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a Syrian hamster model
Authors: Furukawa Ryutaro , Kitabatake Masahiro , Ouji-Sageshima Noriko , Suzuki Yuki , Nakano Akiyo , Matsumura Yoko , Nakano Ryuichi , Kasahara Kei , Kubo Kaoru , Kayano Shin-ichi , Yano Hisakazu , Ito Toshihiro
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread across the world. Inactivating the virus in saliva and the oral cavity represents a reasonable approach to prevent human-to-human transmission because the virus is easily transmitted through oral routes by dispersed saliva. Persimmon-derived tannin is a condensed type of tannin that has strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effects of persimmon-derived tannin against SARS-CoV-2 in both in vitro and in vivo models. We found that persimmon-derived tannin suppressed SARS-CoV-2 titers measured by plaque assay in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We then created a Syrian hamster model by inoculating SARS-CoV-2 into hamsters’ mouths. Oral administration of persimmon-derived tannin dissolved in carboxymethyl cellulose before virus inoculation dramatically reduced the severity of pneumonia with lower virus titers compared with a control group inoculated with carboxymethyl cellulose alone. In addition, pre-administration of tannin to uninfected hamsters reduced hamster-to-hamster transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from a cohoused, infected donor cage mate. These data suggest that oral administration of persimmon-derived tannin may help reduce the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission of the virus.
Inorganic Materials in Drug Delivery
Authors: Duman Fatma Demir , Boyadjieva Sophia S. , Štrimaite Margarita , Foulkes Rachel , Williams Gareth R. , Forgan Ross S.
Published: December 2021

Drug delivery systems are used to carry an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in order to improve its properties, for instance enhancing the precision of targeting, protecting it from degradation, or controlling the rate of release. A wide range of inorganic materials can be used to achieve these goals. This chapter will review the key recent developments in this field, with a focus on the four families of materials which have attracted most attention: 3D metal organic frameworks (MOFs), 3D mesoporous silicas (MSNs), 2D layered materials, and 0D inorganic nanoparticles (MNPs). These systems can have a very wide range of physical properties and chemical functionalities. For instance, MOFs and MSNs are porous and thus can offer high drug loadings, while stability varies significantly. MOFs often require functionalisation and protection from rapid degradation prior to cargo delivery, while MSNs and MNPs can persist in vivo. Layered materials also vary widely in stability but can result in effective targeting and extended release profiles. In all cases, the presence of an inorganic species in addition to the API can aid targeting and permit imaging to be performed concomitantly with drug delivery. Post-fabrication functionalisation is also possible, allowing further augmentation of tuning of properties. Inorganic systems thus have huge potential in drug delivery, but there are also very significant barriers to clinical adoption which need to be overcome to allow them to reach their full potential.
Diagnostic and Theranostic Applications of Inorganic Materials
Authors: Wu Jianrong , Zhang Yanyan , Zhu Li-Min
Published: December 2021

Nanotechnology has led to significant advances in biomedical applications, including diagnosis and therapy. Many different inorganic-based nanoparticles have been evaluated over the years, for a wide variety of biomedical applications. Not only can they provide enhanced imaging performance but they also can offer greater versatility of imaging and theranostic applications. Inorganic nanoparticles developed for imaging and theranostics are based on a range of materials including gold (spheres, rods, shells, and cages), iron oxide, silica, carbon, and numerous 2D inorganic nanomaterials. In this chapter, we first highlight the fundamental chemistry of the most widely explored materials. We then discuss recent advances in the development of inorganic nanomaterials for imaging, cancer biomarker detection, and theranostics. The various challenges associated with the construction of inorganic theranostic nanoplatforms are discussed, and future research directions are suggested.
Radiotherapy for glioblastoma: clinical issues and nanotechnology strategies
Authors: Li Ruiqi , Wang Haihong , Liang Qing , Chen Lian , Ren Jinghua
Published: December 2021

The mechanisms of glioblastoma radioresistance from clinical issues and the strategies and potential prospects of nano-radiosensitizers.
A hydrogel with supramolecular surface functionalization for cancer cell capture and multicellular spheroid growth and release
Authors: Wen Yuting , Mensah Nana Nyarko , Song Xia , Zhu Jingling , Tan Wui Siew , Chen Xinwei , Li Jun
Published: December 2021

A hydrogel scaffold with a non-fouling but specific cancer cell-adhesive surface fabricated via host–guest interactions captures cancer cells and promotes growth and release of multicellular spheroids.
Aqueous phase- and size-controlled synthesis, and secondary assemblies of CdS nanocrystals at room temperature
Authors: Hu Pengfei , Zhou Dong , Xu Shiqing , Ma Qianru , Yin Jiaqi , Cao Yali , Xu Jing
Published: December 2021

The phase-controlled and particle size-controlled synthesis of CdS nanocrystals was realized by adjusting the pH of the solution.
A series of POM-based compounds by tuning coordination groups and spacers of ligands: electrocatalytic, capacitive and photoelectrocatalytic properties
Authors: Sun Chenxi , Ying Jun , Zhang Yanping , Jin Liang , Tian Aixiang , Wang Xiuli
Published: December 2021

A series of POM-based compounds can be used as amperometric detectors for NO2− and Cr(vi). They also have capacitive properties and can effect the high-efficiency photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic dyes.
Direct evaluation of hole effective mass of SnS–SnSe solid solutions with ARPES measurement
Authors: Suzuki Issei , Lin Zexin , Kawanishi Sakiko , Tanaka Kiyohisa , Nose Yoshitaro , Omata Takahisa , Tanaka Shin-Ichiro
Published: December 2021

The hole effective masses of SnS–SnSe solid solutions, crucial factors for their thermoelectric properties, are directly evaluated by ARPES measurement. They decrease slightly with increasing Se in the low Se range but sharply in the high Se range.
Electrolyte buffering species as oxygen donor shuttles in CO electrooxidation
Authors: Marcandalli Giulia , Monteiro Mariana C. O. , Koper Marc T. M.
Published: December 2021

Electrolyte buffering species are shown to act as oxygen donor in the carbon monoxide electrooxidation
Production of Pd nanoparticles in microemulsions. Effect of reaction rates on the particle size
Authors: Sánchez M. Jhon F. , Sánchez Miguel D. , Falcone R. Dario , Ritacco Hernán A.
Published: December 2021

The size of Pd nanoparticles synthesized in microemulsions is controlled by the reaction rates and not by the size of the microemulsion droplets acting as a template.
From half-metallic to magnetic semiconducting triazine g-C4N3: computational designs and insight
Authors: Phong Pham Nam , Ngoc Nguyen Thi , Lam Pham Thanh , Nguyen Manh-Thuong , Nguyen Huy-Viet
Published: December 2021

A simple picture of charge transfer has been given, for the first time, as physicochemical insight into the electronic structure routes from half-metallic to magnetic semiconducting triazine g-C4N3.
Protein nanofibrils and their use as building blocks of sustainable materials
Authors: Lendel Christofer , Solin Niclas
Published: December 2021

Protein nanofibrils produced from renewable resources provide opportunities to create novel materials for sustainable development.
Degradation kinetic study of ZIF-8 microcrystals with and without the presence of lactic acid
Authors: Butonova Sofiia A. , Ikonnikova Evgeniya V. , Sharsheeva Aziza , Chernyshov Ivan Yu. , Kuchur Oleg A. , Mukhin Ivan S. , Hey-Hawkins Evamarie , Vinogradov Alexander V. , Morozov Maxim I.
Published: December 2021

ZIF-8 microcrystals demonstrate different degradation kinetics in water, PBS (pH 7.4), and PBS with lactic acid (pH 5.0).
Platinum nanocluster catalysts supported on Marimo carbon via scalable dry deposition synthesis
Authors: Hirata Naoyuki , Katsura Yui , Gunji Hiroyuki , Tona Masahide , Tsukamoto Keizo , Eguchi Mika , Ando Toshihiro , Nakajima Atsushi
Published: December 2021

The development of efficient fuel cells greatly promotes reducing the consumption of fossil energy, and it is crucial to enhance the platinum (Pt) catalytic activity by optimizing both the nanoparticle size and support effect.
Electroless deposition of Ni–P/Au coating on Cu substrate with improved corrosion resistance from Au(iii)–DMH based cyanide-free plating bath using hypophosphite as a reducing agent
Authors: Wu Bo , Tan Baizhao , Tan Guizhen , Zeng Ming , Luo Jinyi , Hu Guanghui , Luo Jiye , Hao Zhifeng , Lai Shaomei , Liu Binyun
Published: December 2021

In the Au(iii)–DMH based cyanide-free electroless gold plating bath, the added hypophosphite inhibited the black pad and improved the corrosion resistance of the Cu/Ni–P/Au coating.
Role of entropy in determining the phase behavior of protein solutions induced by multivalent ions
Authors: Sahoo Anil Kumar , Schreiber Frank , Netz Roland R. , Maiti Prabal K.
Published: December 2021

Water release entropy drives protein−cation binding and multivalent cation-mediated protein aggregation.
Unified analysis of topological defects in 2D systems of active and passive disks
Authors: Digregorio Pasquale , Levis Demian , Cugliandolo Leticia F. , Gonnella Giuseppe , Pagonabarraga Ignacio
Published: December 2021

We provide a comprehensive quantitative analysis of localized and extended topological defects in the steady state of 2D passive and active repulsive Brownian disk systems.
Strong CPL-active liquid crystal materials induced by intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interaction and a chirality induction mechanism
Authors: Shen Yihao , Yao Kun , Li Hang , Xu Zhaoran , Quan Yiwu , Cheng Yixiang
Published: December 2021

A novel co-assembly material can emit strong CPL signals (glum = +0.076/−0.064) from an achiral AIE-active β-cyanostilbene liquid crystal through intermolecular hydrogen bond interaction and chirality induction after a rapid cooling quench treatment.
Amyloid-like assembly converting commercial proteins to water-insoluble adsorbents with ultrahigh adsorption capacity and excellent antifouling property for uranium extraction
Authors: Ye Hao , Liu Chang , Wu Ming-Bang , Ma Lu-Lin , Liu Shi-Cheng , Zhong Yu , Yao Juming
Published: December 2021

Uranium extraction from seawater is regarded as the most promising strategy for solving the concerns regarding the increasing demands of the nuclear industry.
Manipulating the optical and electronic properties of MoO3 films through electric-field-induced ion migration
Authors: Wang Xiaoxia , Du Fanfan , Zhang Yingmei , Yang Jie , Li Xiaoli , Xu Xiaohong
Published: December 2021

The intercalation of hydrogen ions and lithium ions in MoO3 films is realized by acidic ionic liquid gating, which modifies the electronic and optical properties of MoO3 films, is promising for designing multifunctional devices.
Ester-substituted thiophene-fused benzothiadiazole as a strong electron acceptor to build D–A red emitters for highly efficient solution-processed OLEDs
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Zhong Cheng , Xie Guohua , Chen Xingguo
Published: December 2021

A new D–A emitter with HLCT and AIE characteristics has been designed based on BTT acceptor and TPA donor, and non-doped and doped solution-processed devices show deep-red emission.
Spectrally tunable and thermally stable near-infrared luminescence in Na3Sc2(PO4)3:Cr3+ phosphors by Ga3+ co-doping for light-emitting diodes
Authors: Miao Shihai , Liang Yanjie , Zhang Yan , Chen Dongxun , Yan Shao , Liu Jingwei , Wang Xiao-Jun
Published: December 2021

Tunable and thermally stable NIR photoluminescence has been realized in Na3Sc2(PO4)3:Cr3+ phosphors by co-doping Ga3+ ions. Their application as a luminescence converter for NIR LEDs is also demonstrated.
Large enhancement of ferroelectric polarization in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films by low plasma energy pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Song Tingfeng , Solanas Raul , Qian Mengdi , Fina Ignasi , Sánchez Florencio
Published: December 2021

PLD of ferroelectric HfO2 done under a mixed Ar and O2 atmosphere allows the reduction of the PLD plasma energy, resulting in fewer defects and an increase of the ferroelectric polarization of around 50% compared to films grown by conventional PLD.
Context‐wise attention‐guided network for single image deraining
Authors: Fu Bo , Jiang Yong , Wang Hongguang , Wang Qiang , Gao Qian , Tang Yandong
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we propose a context‐wise attention‐guided network for single image deraining. Unlike most existing deraining methods, our network exploits underlying complementary information not only across multiple scales but also between levels. Specifically, our network architecture is designed to transmit the inter‐level and inter‐scale features. To extract guiding information and improve the discriminating ability of context‐wise attention‐guided network, we propose a net‐context‐wise attention module to generate attention maps. Following residual learning, the clean image is created by removing the predicted rain streak layer from the rainy input. Experimental results show our method has better performance on public datasets than some state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Fabrication of Fe3O4/Ag‐TiO2 magnetic nanocomposite for antibacterial applications
Authors: Hatami Raana , Allafchian Alireza , Karimzadeh Fathallah , Enayati Mohammad Hosein
Published: December 2021

Water pollution is a major cause of fatality in the less developed parts of the world. One of the major concerns in this regard is due to activities of both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. The Fe3O4/Ag‐TiO2 nanocomposite, stabilized in a matrix of TEOS–APTES, is prepared in this study via a facile chemical procedure as a potential magnetic antibacterial agent for treating pathogen‐polluted aqueous media. The multifunctioning character of this nanocomposite provides photocatalytic effect of TiO2 components combined with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs), as well as separation capability by magnetic response of Fe3O4 particles. To stabilize the nanocomposite formulation, a matrix of TEOS‐APTES is employed as support to facilitate combination of Ag‐TiO2 nanoparticles with Fe3O4 magnetic cores. When exposed to an external magnetic field, the undesirable release of Ag particles is prevented by the Fe3O4 cores that enable the nanocomposite to be collected from the environment. The magnetic character of the nanocomposite was evidenced by VSM. The morphology of Ag‐TiO2 nanoparticles, the core–shell structure of Ag‐TiO2/Fe3O4 particles, the crystalline structure and hydrodynamic diameter of nanocomposite were investigated by FT‐IR, FE‐SEM, TEM, XRD and DLS analyses. The antibacterial activity of the samples was determined by agar disk diffusion. It was revealed that the Fe3O4/Ag‐TiO2 nanocomposite could produce a larger zone of inhibition than Ag+ ions and Ag‐TiO2, which could be related to the size distribution and synergistic antibacterial effects of Ag and TiO2 components. The designed nanocomposite formulation could be considered as a promising candidate for antibacterial water treatment applications.
Où en est la psychothérapie institutionnelle ?
Authors: Wacjman Claude
Published: December 2021

La psychothérapie institutionnelle a désigné, dans les années 60-70 du XXe siècle un mouvement dans lequel les malades et les soignants constituent un collectif qui instaure une vie commune dans la structure d’accueil de l’hôpital psychiatrique pour instaurer un humanisme qui rejette toute vie concentrationnaire. Cette vie commune est fondée sur l’appartenance au groupe dans laquelle l’individu compte pour lui-même et participe au cadre institutionnel. C’est ce cadre qui est considéré comme malade à soigner. Ce mouvement est fondé par le Dr François Tosquelles à l’hôpital de Saint Alban. Dans ce texte on s’intéressera principalement à son application dans les communautés d’enfants.
Untergewicht und Hungerstoffwechsel
Authors: Krawinkel Michael B.
Published: December 2021

Untergewicht ist Ausdruck einer akuten oder langfristigen Unterernährung, die entweder durch einen stark erhöhten Bedarf oder durch ein vermindertes Angebot bestimmt sein kann. Der Befund ist unspezifisch. Pathophysiologisch ist Untergewicht eine Folge verschiedener kataboler Prozesse, durch die Glykogen, Fett und Eiweiß im Organismus abgebaut werden.
Aktuelle Behandlungsstrategien der Ösophagusatresie
Authors: Rothe Karin
Published: December 2021

Die Ösophagusatresie (ÖA) ist mit einer Inzidenz von 1 : 3000 bis 1 : 4000
Neugeborenen eine seltene, angeborene Erkrankung. Die Therapie beinhaltet
obligatorisch die operative Korrektur. Behandlungskonzepte sind abhängig von der
Variabilität der ösophagotrachealen Fistelmöglichkeiten, der variablen Distanz
der Ösophagussegmente und der prognostischen Relevanz assoziierter
Fehlbildungen. Die postoperativen Resultate werden entscheidend durch
krankheitsspezifische Symptome und Komplikationen beeinflusst. Ein
interdisziplinäres Betreuungskonzept von der pränatalen Diagnostik über die
Geburt, die neonatalogische Intensivpflege und kinderchirurgische Versorgung mit
hochspezialisierter Kinderanästhesie bietet in einem spezialisierten
Kinderzentrum mit Logopädie, Gastroenterologie und Pulmologie die besten
Voraussetzungen für eine optimale Lebensqualität. Systematische Nachsorge- und
Transitionsprogramme sind für betroffene Kinder essenziell.
Naturheilverfahren und Physiotherapie bei Polyneuropathie
Authors: Brenke Rainer
Published: December 2021

Die häufigste Ursache für eine Polyneuropathie ist in Deutschland der Diabetes mellitus. Die Beschwerden können vielfältig sein und erfordern eine langfristige Behandlung. Betroffen sein kann sowohl das periphere sensible, motorische als auch das autonome Nervensystem. Die Therapieerfolge sind auch heute oft noch unbefriedigend. Der Beitrag geht auf die typischen Symptome einer Polyneuropathie sowie deren Diagnostik ein und zeigt die unterstützenden Möglichkeiten der klassischen Naturheilverfahren und der physikalischen Therapien auf, die eine gute und nebenwirkungsarme Ergänzung darstellen.
Polyneuropathie in der TCM
Authors: Bürklin Sandra
Published: December 2021

Die Traditionelle Chinesische Medizin (TCM) basiert auf Erfahrungen und Behandlungen, die sich mindestens 2000 Jahre in schriftlicher Form zurückverfolgen lassen. Sie wird bis heute als eigenständiges Medizinsystem in China und zunehmend auch in der westlichen Medizin angewandt und unterrichtet. Im Gegensatz zur uns bekannten klassischen Schulmedizin ist die TCM eine empirische Medizin, die den Patienten in seiner Gesamtheit betrachtet und behandelt.

Aus Sicht der chinesischen Medizin ist die Hauptursache einer Polyneuropathie eine Ansammlung von Schleim (Tan). Als Schleim werden hierbei alle Substanzen des Körpers bezeichnet, die sich in pathologischer Art und Weise angesammelt und den physiologischen Körperprozessen der Verarbeitung und Ausscheidung entzogen haben. Dies kann mit einer Kombination von Akupunktur, chinesischer Arzneitherapie, Ernährungsberatung und auch Veränderung des Lebensstils deutlich verbessert werden. Zudem sind eine Erhaltung und Fortführung des gebesserten Zustandes gut möglich.
Ein Horizont mit zwei Fluchtpunkten
Authors: Binswanger Ralf , Gsell Monika
Published: December 2021

Wolfgang Berner (2021) und Sabine Cassel-Bähr (2021) haben die Mühe auf sich genommen, mein Modell, mit dem ich „Mehr Klarheit beim Reden über Sexualität“ einfordere (Binswanger 2021), zu hinterfragen. Dabei haben sie mir zwei Schwächen bewusst gemacht: Ich hätte von einem methodischen Konzept statt von einem konzeptionellen Vorschlag und von „libidinöser Triebbefriedigung“ statt nur von „Triebbefriedigung“ schreiben sollen. Abgesehen davon versuche ich nachzuweisen, dass und wie Berner mich gründlich missverstanden haben muss, wenn er mein Modell für überflüssig hält. Im Zentrum von Cassel-Bährs Kommentar steht die in der Tat bedeutende Frage nach dem Verhältnis von Sexualität und Aggression. Ich versuche, auf diese Fragen einzugehen, u. a. auch, indem ich aufzeige, dass die von ihr zitierten Arbeiten implizite Entsprechungen zu meinem Modell enthalten. Die Metapher von der Zweipunkte-Perspektive möchte veranschaulichen, was genau mithilfe meines Modells einfacher wird.
Sexualität und Sterben – welche Bedeutung hat die Sexualberatung in einem Kinder- und Jugendhospiz?
Authors: Sallein Jennifer
Published: December 2021

Die Diagnose einer lebenslimitierenden Erkrankung oder Behinderung ist Voraussetzung, um einen stationären Aufenthalt im Kinder- und Jugendhospiz zu erhalten. Das Kinder- und Jugendhospiz ist ein Ort, an dem Kinder und Jugendliche und ihre Familien nicht nur in der Phase des Sterbens, sondern ab Diagnosestellung oft jahrelang begleitet werden. Es geht um Prozesse der Auseinandersetzung mit Verlusten, Trauer und Krisen, aber auch um Lebensqualität und Lebensfreude. Dabei spielt Sexualität eine wichtige, aber oft vernachlässigte Rolle: Gerade Jugendliche, die den Tod vor Augen haben, wünschen sich nicht selten, zumindest einmal in ihrem kurzen Leben Sexualität zu erfahren. Ob und wie das möglich ist, erläutert der vorliegende, sehr persönliche Praxisbeitrag aus der Perspektive einer Heilpädagogin mit abgeschlossener Weiterbildung zur ISBB-Sexualberaterin, die in der Kinder- und Jugendhospizarbeit tätig ist.
Digitale Sexualaufklärung: Verfügbarkeit und Evaluation mobiler deutschsprachiger Apps zur Förderung der sexuellen Gesundheit
Authors: Muehlmann Marlene , Lienert Anna , Muehlan Holger , Stach Michael , Terhorst Yannik , Messner Eva-Maria
Published: December 2021

Einleitung Die Inhalte ganzheitlicher Sexualaufklärung können in Deutschland nur bedingt innerhalb des schulischen Kontexts vermittelt werden. Eine App zur sexuellen Gesundheit oder zu Themen der Sexualaufklärung könnte Jugendliche bei ihrer Informationssuche und Pädagog:innen in ihrem Lehrauftrag unterstützen.

Forschungsziele Ziel dieser systematischen Übersichtsarbeit ist es, die Qualität und die Inhalte von deutschsprachigen mobilen digitalen Anwendungen zu untersuchen, die derzeit in Google Play sowie im App Store zur Unterstützung der Sexualaufklärung zur Verfügung stehen.

Methoden Mithilfe eines Webcrawlers wurde in den beiden primären App-Stores recherchiert. Die Qualität der identifizierten Apps wurde mithilfe der deutschen Version der „Mobile Application Rating Scale“ (MARS-G) bewertet. Weiterhin wurde analysiert, inwieweit die Apps die Sexualaufklärung ganzheitlich gemäß der World Health Organization (WHO) und Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BzgA) unterstützen können.

Ergebnisse Unter 7 318 gescreenten Apps erfüllten sechs Apps die gewählten Einschlusskriterien. Die Apps zur Sexualaufklärung weisen eine durchschnittliche Qualität von M = 3.54 (SD = 0.65, Min = 2.64, Max = 4.45) auf. Die App „Bill Sanders“ erzielte auf allen Subdimensionen der MARS-G zumindest akzeptable Werte. Für die App der Psychosozialen Aids-Beratungsstelle der Caritas München „Only Human“, die nahezu sämtliche Bereiche der Sexualaufklärung thematisiert, ergaben sich besonders positive Bewertungen.

Schlussfolgerung Deutschsprachige Apps zur Sexualaufklärung weisen eine mittlere Güte auf. Anhand des Qualitätsratings wurde deutlich, dass prinzipiell geeignete Apps insbesondere in Funktionalität, Ästhetik und subjektiver Qualität Mängel aufweisen. Diese sollten zunächst behoben werden, um anschließend wissenschaftliche Evaluationen, die die Wirksamkeit der Apps untersuchen, im Feld durchzuführen. Bisher fehlen derartige Wirksamkeitsstudien, daher kann nur bedingt zum Einsatz dieser Apps geraten werden.
Plant-Based Meat Products: Back to the Fundamentals
Authors: Kraemer Klaus
Published: December 2021

Zunehmend führen Verbraucher neben Gesundheit auch Klimaschutz und Ressourcenverbrauch als Gründe an, auf tierisches Protein zu verzichten und sich vegetarisch oder sogar vegan zu ernähren. Tatsächlich generiert alleine die Tierproduktion global 15 % aller anthropogenen Treibhausgasemissionen. Daher unterstützt u. a. die Weltgesundheitsorganisation nachhaltige Lebensmittelketten für eine gesunde Ernährung und den Klimaschutz. Die Nahrungsmittelindustrie, unterstützt durch Wagniskapital für Startups, hat schnell mit der Entwicklung und Vermarktung von Lebensmitteln reagiert, die dem tierischen Original in ihren sensorischen Eigenschaften entsprechen und vor allem Flexitarier ansprechen sollen. Doch sind diese oft stark verarbeiteten Produkte auch gesund und haben innerhalb einer abwechslungsreichen Ernährung einen Platz oder sollten Verbraucher vielmehr auf traditionelle minimalverarbeitete Hülsenfrüchte zurückgreifen? Der nachfolgende, erstmals im Magazin „Sight and Life“ publizierte Kommentar versucht eine kritische Analyse dieser Entwicklung.
Effect of transverse airflow on the deflection of negative corona discharge on the Trichel pulse mode at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Guo Yulin , Zhang Xing , Li Yanru , Zhang Guanjun , Sun Anbang
Published: December 2021

Negative corona discharge can deflect in transverse airflow in pin-to-plane electrodes at atmospheric pressure. In this paper, we investigate the mechanism of Trichel pulse discharge deflection in transverse airflow and give a further understanding of the dynamic process of the deflection through experiments and simulations. In experiments, we quantitatively record the deflection angle by processing the discharge images, and they show that a larger airflow speed will lead to a larger deflection angle. In simulations, the discharge deflection angle is calculated through a 2D fluid model. Besides, the periodic fluctuation of the deflection angle with Trichel pulses is revealed, and this phenomenon can be explained by the alternative dominant effect of airflow or ionization on the net production of positive ions in the vicinity of the tip. When the effect of airflow is dominant, more positive ions will generate away from the center of the tip, which will lead to an increase in the deflection angle. On the other hand, when the effect of ionization prevails, more positive ions will generate near the center because the electric field here is stronger, and the deflection angle will decrease. In addition, if these two effects balance, the deflection angle will reach its maximum or minimum value.
Modified Stoney formula for determining stress within thin films on large-deformation isotropic circular plates
Authors: Liu Haijun , Dai Minghui , Tian Xiaoqing , Chen Shan , Dong Fangfang , Lu Lei
Published: December 2021

The Stoney formula is widely used to obtain residual stress in films on isotropic circular plates. However, in the case of large deformations, this formula produces significant errors because of the assumption of small deformations in its derivation. In this study, a modified Stoney formula that extends its scope of application to the nonlinear domain is proposed. A one-phase exponential decay function with a single coefficient p is used to relate the curvature of the substrate to the stress in the film. The coefficient p can be expressed as a function of the thickness, the diameter, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio of the circular plate. A linear fitting technique is applied to ascertain the relationship between the coefficient p and the aforementioned parameters. The modified Stoney formula is simple, yet accurate, and can be used to calculate the residual stress in the film directly from the measured curvature of isotropic circular plates with various dimensions and materials.
Effects of thermal expansion, strain rate, and gravity force on the steady propagation of a premixed flame in semi-closed channels
Authors: Han Yifan , Liu Luhao
Published: December 2021

The flame dynamics of steady propagation of a premixed flame in semi-closed channels is investigated. The hydrodynamic model takes into account impacts of channel width, thermal expansion, straining effect, and downward gravity force on the flame front. The steady flame shape and its velocity field could be determined by numerical iteration of a weakly nonlinear front equation and linearized governing equations with Fourier transform, respectively. Results reveal that the introduction of thermal expansion and gravity force enhance the flame curvature and increase the burning velocity, while the straining effect suppresses the flame bending processes. In addition, a non-monotonic dependence of the burning velocity on the Peclet number is further demonstrated. It reveals that the thermal expansion and strain effect would have impacts on the burning velocity as well.
Study on thermal contact resistance at liquid–solid interface based on fractal theory
Authors: Li Jiamin , Zhu Qingyong , Sun Junjun
Published: December 2021

The study of the thermal contact resistance at the liquid–solid interface is an important subject of the heat transfer of phase change materials. In this work, a fractal model for predicting the thermal contact resistance at the liquid–solid interface is established by considering the self-affine fractal geometry of the rough surface. Based on the fractal characteristic of roughness structures, topographical and mechanical analyses have been conducted to identify the position of the liquid–solid interface and determine the thermal contact resistance at the interface. The relationship between contact parameters and the thermal contact resistance are studied. Based on the analytical predictive model for thermal contact resistance at the liquid–solid interface, the three-dimensional melting process of a nanoparticle-enhanced phase change material with different thermal contact resistances was simulated by using the finite volume method, and the enthalpy-porosity model is employed. The effects of thermal contact resistance between the composite phase change material and the heat source are investigated. It is found that the augmentation of thermal contact resistance decreases the melting and heat transfer rates and the influence of thermal contact resistance becomes more pronounced with a higher volume fraction of nanoparticles.
Effect of the density of TEGs on the efficiency of the generated electrical power in hot air flowing closed geometries: 3D numerical simulations approach
Authors: Ataol Murat Tamer , Güven Kutalmış
Published: December 2021

Computer simulations of three different geometries of thermoelectric generator (TEG) appliances have been carried out to calculate the maximum power generated by a single TEG and the maximum total power generated by all the TEGs in the geometries. Among these three geometries, every aspect was the same except the number of TEGs, so the density of the number of TEGs facing hot flowing air was varied. We used single-TEG, three-TEG, and five-TEG models. Simulations were carried out at 120 °C for the hot flowing air and at 42 different cold side temperatures to see the effect at different temperature differences. We showed the effect of the density of the TEG number on the maximum power generated. Powers generated by a single TEG from each geometry and the total generated powers in different geometries are compared. We have used the results we obtained to calculate the total electric energy generated by these TEGs in the wall of an industrial chimney for a six-month duration (between October 2017 and April 2018 in the winter season) by using real daily temperature data at a chosen site (the city of Kırıkkale) taken from the Turkey Meteorological Institute.
Paradoxes of translation
Authors: Vannini Angelo
Published: December 2021

In this article, I consider what is assumed to be the speculative paradox of translation: that translation is theoretically impossible but actually practicable. My thesis is that thisaporiais nothing but a consequence of the limited way in which translation is often conceptualised. In this article, the term ‘translation’ is to be understood as interlingual translation, unless otherwise indicated; more precisely, as literary translation. In order to present my argument, I will examine three examples of translation, namely: (1) the fictionalisation of the translation process in Nicole Brossard’s novelLe désert mauve; (2) Jean-François Billeter’s translation of a poem by the medieval Chinese poet Su Dongpo; and (3) the translation of the words ‘tragedy’ and ‘comedy’ by the fictional character Averroes in a short story written by Jorge Louis Borges. The analysis of these real or fictitious examples of translation will help to introduce the notion of the unspoken as that which cannot be transmuted or recognised as a sign. This ever-present dimension of the translation process will allow me to show that the thesis of fundamental untranslatability is a falseaporia, which derives from a reductive understanding of the phenomenon of translation.
Vegetation-climate interactions: into the tick zone.
Authors: Hemming Deborah , Duffy James , Kaye Neil , Maclean Ilya
Published: December 2021

This chapter gives a broad overview of vegetation-climate interactions in the context of scale. First, it introduces the importance of scale and pattern for studying ecological processes, then discuss examples of vegetation-climate interactions at different scales from molecular to global. Next, the relevance of these interactions for understanding ecological change, highlighting the significance for ticks is considered. The chapter is finished by suggesting how future advances could improve understanding of interactions between organisms and climate, particularly within the tick zone.
Expected transitions in ticks and their heritable endosymbionts under environmental changes.
Authors: Gottlieb Yuval , Duron Olivier
Published: December 2021

Within arthropods, ticks harbour among the highest diversity of heritable endosymbionts reported so far, encompassing at least ten different bacterial genera. While the function of these heritable endosymbionts has not been fully determined yet, they have the potential to deeply influence the ecology of ticks impacted by climate change. This chapter focuses on the impact of heritable endosymbionts on tick growth, reproduction, survival and adaptation under environmental changes caused by climate change.
The potential effects of climate change on Lyme borreliosis in East-Central Europe.
Authors: Trájer Attila
Published: December 2021

The aim of this expert opinion is to consider the potential future effects of the changing climate on the risk patterns (geographical distribution and seasonal abundance) of Lyme borreliosis (LB) in East-Central Europe.
Tick-borne diseases of livestock in the UK.
Authors: Johnson Nicholas , Phipps L. Paul
Published: December 2021

This expert opinion discusses the potential impact of climatic change on the abundance and distribution of tick populations and the transmission of tick-borne diseases of livestock in the UK.
Impact of climate change on ticks and tick-borne infections in Russia.
Authors: Korenberg Eduard
Published: December 2021

This expert opinion considers only the most significant aspects of the impact of climate change on ticks and tick-borne diseases in Russia. Attention is focused on the species that are most widespread in the extratropical part of the northern hemisphere: the taiga tick, Ixodes persulcatus, and the European forest tick, I. ricinus, which are hosts and vectors of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus and Borrelia spirochaetes, agents of ixodid tickborne borrelioses (ITBBs), i.e. of Lyme and Lyme-like diseases.
Is climate change affecting ticks and tick-borne diseases in Taiwan?
Authors: Kuo Chi-Chien
Published: December 2021

This expert opinion discusses evidence for and against climate change impacts on the abundance and distribution of tick vectors and tick-borne diseases in Taiwan.
The strange case of tick-borne viruses in Turkey.
Authors: Kar Sırrı , Ergünay Koray
Published: December 2021

This expert opinion describes the cases of tick-borne encephalitis and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Turkey and discusses the potential impact of climatic change on the abundance and density of tick vectors and the transmission of these tick-borne viruses.
Ticks and tick-borne diseases in the Middle East.
Authors: Chavshin Ali Reza , Seyyed-Zadeh Seyyed Javad
Published: December 2021

This expert opinion focuses on the diversity and distribution of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in the Middle East. From 12 countries in the Middle East where reports and articles were published, a total of 136 species of ticks have been reported. Of these, 111 species belong to the family Ixodidae and 25 species belong to the Argasidae. Reported species of the Ixodidae belong to eight genera (Hyalomma, 25; Rhipicephalus, 23; Haemaphysalis, 22; Ixodes, 20; Amblyomma, 10; Dermacentor, 6; Boophilus, 4; and Aponomma, 1 species), while the Argasidae belong to five genera (Ornithodoros, 13; Argas, 8; Alveonasus, 2; Carios, 1; and Otobius, 1 species). Based on the results of available reports, it seems that species belonging to the genera Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus, Haemaphysalis, Ixodes and Ornithodoros have the highest species diversity in the Middle East.
Decrease of Leidenfrost temperature at quenching in subcooled liquids
Authors: Zabirov A R , Yagov V V , Ryazantsev VA , Molotova I A , Vinogradov M M
Published: December 2021

Cooling of high-temperature bodies in liquids largely depends on its subcooling to the saturation temperature. An increase in subcooling leads to an increase in the surface temperature, at which the vapor film loses its stability and an intensive cooling regime begins. This temperature depends on a number of parameters, such as the properties of a liquid and a solid, the composition and topology of the surface, the value of subcooling. Within the framework of this work, it was possible to achieve a significant decrease in the temperature of the onset of an intensive cooling mode in subcooled water and ethanol by using as working sections of metal samples with a high of thermal effusivity, low roughness and a protective coating from oxidation. The obtained experimental results confirm the approximate model of the appearance of an intense cooling regime
Experimental study of radiative transfer in semi-transparent composite materials at different temperatures
Authors: Retailleau F , Allheily V , Merlat L , Henry J-F , Randrianalisoa J
Published: December 2021

This study deals with the analysis of the propagation of radiation within a diffusing semi-transparent composite medium with rough boundaries. The two-phase medium (resin matrix and glass fibers reinforcement) is treated as an equivalent homogeneous medium characterized by volumetric radiative properties (extinction coefficient, albedo and phase function) and boundary scattering properties. The aim is to identify the radiative properties at different temperatures ranging from room temperature to 200°C. The identification method (Gauss-Newton) uses bidirectional reflectance and transmittance values. The experimental results are obtained using a spectrophotometer equipped with a goniometer and a heated sample holder. The Monte Carlo method is used to solve the Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) in order to obtain the theoretical values.
Enhancement of refrigeration system performance by refrigerant capillary injection in evaporator
Authors: El Achkar G , Liu B , Liu Y , Bennacer R
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the enhancement of refrigeration system performance by refrigerant capillary injection in evaporator was experimentally investigated. An experimental bench was developed in order to compare the performance of a refrigeration system operating in conventional throttling and capillary injection modes. The temperature distribution in the evaporator and the compressor electrical consumption were determined, showing that in the capillary injection mode, the refrigeration system was more stable, its time to reach the steady state was reduced by 62.5 % and its COP was enhanced by 9 %.
T
2 Control Chart based on PCA with KDE Control Limit for Monitoring Intrusion
Authors: Jaya A I , Aulia T R , Putri F D , Rakhmawati T
Published: December 2021

In monitoring network anomaly, the traditional T
2 chart can be an alternative owing to its ability to capture the network anomaly. However, the new problem emerges in consequence of the hardship of the network traffic data to satisfy the multivariate normal distribution assumption in Hotelling’s T
2 chart. As a result, many false alarms will be found during the monitoring process. In this work, the combination between Hotelling’s T
2 control chart and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is utilized to observe the network traffic data. The PCA is used to minimize the data dimension which can reduce computational time. Meanwhile, the Kernel Density approach is employed in estimating the control limit of the non-normal process. The proposed method is applied to the famous KDD99 dataset, and its performance is compared with the other methods. Compared to the other charts, the proposed control chart yields a higher detection accuracy with a lower false alarm rate. Moreover, the proposed control chart also produces a faster computational time.