bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-situ electrochemical fabrication of Ag@AgCl NW-PET film with superior photocatalytic bactericidal activity
Authors: Li Rui , Lu Jingwen , Bao Jiashuan , Xiong Furong , Chen Tongtong , Zhang Wang
Published: November 2022

Constructing a composite photocatalyst with efficient charge-transfer pathways is contribute to improving charge separation, which has attracted wide attention owing to its availability in photocatalysis applications. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) silver@silver chloride (Ag@AgCl) network structures are fabricated for photocatalytic inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) by the in situ electrochemical introducing AgCl shell on the surface of Ag nanowire (NW) networks that are coated on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The obtained Ag@AgCl NW-PET films exhibit good photocatalytic bactericidal activity against E. coli under simulated Sunlight irradiation, mainly due to their efficient charge-transport channel constructed by the Ag NWs network. It is worth noting that the content of converted AgCl shell is positively correlated with their photocatalytic bactericidal efficiency. The experimental results also demonstrate that the synergistic contribution of Ag+ sustained release, rough surfaces and energy band structure optimization in photocatalytic sterilization. Besides, the prepared Ag@AgCl NW-PET film can be recycled, and the photocatalytic sterilization efficiency can still keep above 99% after three cycles. This work might provide new and more diverse opportunities for the development of excellent charge-transport, recyclable photocatalysts for photocatalytic sterilization.
Radiomics in clinical trials: perspectives on standardization
Authors: Nie Ke , Xiao Ying
Published: November 2022

The term biomarker is used to describe a biological measure of the disease behavior. The existing imaging biomarkers are associated with the known tissue biological characteristics and follow a well-established roadmap to be implemented in routine clinical practice. Recently, a new quantitative imaging analysis approach named radiomics has emerged. It refers to the extraction of a large number of advanced imaging features with high-throughput computing. Extensive research has demonstrated its value in predicting disease behavior, progression, and response to therapeutic options. However, there are numerous challenges to establishing it as a clinically viable solution, including lack of reproducibility and transparency. The data-driven nature also does not offer insights into the underpinning biology of the observed relationships. As such, additional effort is needed to establish it as a qualified biomarker to inform clinical decisions. Here we review the technical difficulties encountered in the clinical applications of radiomics and current effort in addressing some of these challenges in clinical trial designs. By addressing these challenges, the true potential of radiomics can be unleashed.
Effects of negative and positive bias voltages on turbulence characteristics in J-TEXT tokamak
Authors: Zhang Bo , Liu Hai , Xu Yuhong , Chen Zhipeng , Cheng Jun , Liu Haifeng , Wang Xianqu , Huang Jie , Zhang Xin , Tang Changjian , Shao Junren , Chen Zhongyong , Wang Nengchao , Yang Zhoujun , Ding Yonghua , Pan Yuan
Published: November 2022

The effects of positive and negative bias voltages on the turbulence characteristics in the edge plasmas of J-TEXT are studied using Langmuir probe arrays. The experimental results illustrate that the turbulent particle transport fluxes are suppressed in both positive and negative bias cases, while the suppression mechanisms are quite different. For positive bias (+300 V), long-range correlation (LRC) structures with frequencies of about 10–30 kHz are generated, which are beneficial for turbulent transport suppression. In the −300 V bias case, no LRCs appear, while a strong mean flow shear exists which can reduce the amplitudes of potential and density fluctuations and thus decrease the turbulent transport.
Upper bound on device-independent quantum key distribution with two way classical postprocessing under individual attack
Authors: Zhang Yu-Zhe , Zhen Yi-Zheng , Xu Feihu
Published: November 2022

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) can guarantee the security even with untrusted devices. Unfortunately, conventional DI-QKD protocols can tolerate low noises only and require high detection efficiencies to achieve positive key rates. To improve the noise robustness, one promising solution is implementing the two-way classical postprocessing, which has the advantage of reducing the bit errors. In this paper, we study the DI-QKD with B-step two-way classical postprocessing under individual attacks. We adopt the tool of convex combination attack, i.e. an optimal individual attack, to upper bound the Devetak-Winter key rate. We show that, by using the B-step procedure, our protocol can tolerate detection efficiencies as low as

81.0
%

and depolarising noise of 0.799, which is better than the thresholds for the protocol with one-way error correction. This result can serve as the lower bounds on the critical noise and detection efficiency for the scenarios under general attacks. Our work justifies the advantage of two-way classical postprocessing for DI-QKD, thus offering a step towards its applications.
Topological nodal-link phonons, three-fold, Dirac and six-fold nodal-point phonons in the insulator SiO2
Authors: Liu Qing-Bo , Wang Zhe-Qi , Fu Hua-Hua
Published: November 2022

By using first-principles calculations and symmetry analysis, we study the topologically nontrivial features of sextuple nodal-point phonons together with other kinds of topological phonons in realistic materials. The sextuple nodal-point phonons in all 230 space groups, enumerated in this paper, are localized at the boundaries of the three-dimensional Brillouin zone (BZ), and protected both by time-reversal symmetry (

) and little-group symmetries. Moreover, in a realistic material sample of insulator SiO2, we find that the sextuple nodal-point phonons exist at the high-symmetry point H of the first BZ, and generate four-fold surface states. Interestingly, owing to the special crystal symmetries in SiO2, triple nodal-point phonons and Dirac phonons exist at the point Γ and P, respectively, and exhibit exotic quadruple surface states. More than these, the topological phononic nodal links also appear around the point Γ, and exhibit drumhead like surface states in this material. Our theoretical work not only proposes an effective way to search for multi-fold topological phonons including Dirac phonons and sextuple nodal-point phonons, but also presents a realistic material sample to realize the coexistence of multiple nodal-point and nodal-link phonons.
The physical content of long tensor modes in cosmology
Authors: Bartolo Nicola , Carollo Giovanni Battista , Matarrese Sabino , Pilo Luigi , Rollo Rocco
Published: November 2022

We analyze the physical content of squeezed bispectra involving long-wavelength tensor perturbations, showing that these modes cannot be gauged away, except for the exact (unphysical) limit of infinite wavelength, k = 0. This result has a direct implication on the validity of the Maldacena consistency relation, respected by a subclass of inflationary models. Consequently, in the squeezed limit, as in the case of the scalar-scalar-scalar bispectrum, squeezed mixed correlators could be observed by future experiments, remaining a key channel to study Early Universe physics and discriminate among different models of inflation.
Torsion and the probability of inflation
Authors: Albertini Emma , Alexander Stephon , Herczeg Gabriel , Magueijo João
Published: November 2022

We revisit the problem of the “probability of inflation” from the point of view of the Einstein-Cartan theory, where torsion can be present off-shell even in the absence of spinorial currents. An informal estimate suggests that the barrier for tunneling from “nothing” into a classical universe becomes thinner and lower, should torsion be present, even if only off-shell. We perform a detailed calculation that supports this informal estimate for the case of torsion eigenstates. Finally, we impose a quantum mechanical analog of the zero-torsion condition by restricting to states for which the expectation value of the torsion vanishes. An explicit family of such states is obtained by building wave-packets from linear superpositions of torsion eigenstates with Gaussian weights centered around zero torsion. The tunneling probability for these wave packets is maximized when the variance of the torsion goes to zero. Hence, by considering these wave-packets as the physical states, we recover a sensible model of quantum cosmology that incorporates quantum fluctuations in the torsion, despite the apparently unacceptable conclusions one draws from naïvely considering the tunneling probabilities for the torsion eigenstates.
Design of an arrangement of cubic magnets for a quasi-axisymmetric stellarator experiment
Authors: Hammond K.C. , Zhu C. , Corrigan K. , Gates D.A. , Lown R. , Mercurio R. , Qian T.M. , Zarnstorff M.C.
Published: November 2022

The usage of permanent magnets to shape the confining magnetic field of a stellarator has the potential to reduce or eliminate the need for non-planar coils. As a proof-of-concept for this idea, we have developed a procedure for designing an array of cubic permanent magnets that works in tandem with a set of toroidal-field (TF) coils to confine a stellarator plasma. All of the magnets in the design are constrained to have identical geometry and one of three polarization types in order to simplify fabrication while still producing sufficient field accuracy. We present some of the key steps leading to the design, including the geometric arrangement of the magnets around the device, the procedure for optimizing the polarizations according to the three allowable magnet types, and the choice of magnet types to be used. We apply these methods to design an array of rare-Earth permanent magnets that can be paired with a set of planar TF coils to confine a quasi-axisymmetric plasma with a toroidal magnetic field strength of about 0.5 T on axis.
Classical ground states of spin lattices
Authors: Schmidt Heinz-Jürgen , Richter Johannes
Published: November 2022

We present a generalization of the Luttinger–Tisza–Lyons–Kaplan theory of classical ground states of Bravais lattices with Heisenberg coupling to non-Bravais lattices. It consists of adding certain Lagrange parameters to the diagonal of the Fourier transformed coupling matrix analogous to the theory of the general ground state problem already published. This approach is illustrated by an application to a modified honeycomb lattice, which has exclusive three-dimensional ground states as well as a classical spin-liquid ground state for different values of the two coupling constants. Another example, the modified square lattice, shows that we can also obtain so-called incommensurable ground states by our method.
Assessment Of Health Service Facility Ash Waste Based On Policy (Case Study Of Moewardi Hospital Surakarta)
Authors: Rachmawati Siti , Syafrudin Syafrudin , Budiyono Budiyono
Published: November 2022

The thermal process is one of the processes used in the treatment of solid waste generated from the activities of health service facilities (hospitals, health centers, clinics). The risk in the incineration process is the ash produced, the ash produced contains hazardous and toxic compounds so management needs to be carried out according to Government Regulations Ministry of Health RI number 56 of year 2015 and Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 9 of 2019. The purpose of this study was to find out how to handle health service facilities’ waste ash following applicable standards and friendly to the environment. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The research was conducted at the Moewardi Hospital Installation section. Sources of data in this study came from primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques were carried out by collecting data through interviews with sanitation employees and incinerator operators, reviewing documents, and field observations. Waste that can be treated with an incinerator is waste generated in health service activities such as syringes, bottles/ampoules, infusion needles. Management of incinerator combustion ash is carried out based on applicable regulations. The utilization of incinerator ash needed to be an environmentally friendly and sustainable product.
Integrating fuzzy logic and house risk method for operational risk management in automotive industry
Authors: Puspitasari Nia Budi , Yuwono Muhammad Raihananda Ashafy
Published: November 2022

Risk management is very important for all organizations and nowadays companies need to be aware of the risks that endanger their operational activities. The object of this research is a motorcycle component manufacturing company that has not yet fully identified its operational risks and designed risk management even though these risks affect the company’s performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify operational risks and design preventive actions. This study combines fuzzy logic with the house of risk (HOR) model which consists of two phases. The first phase determines the dominant risk agents and the second phase determines the effective actions to deal with them. From the results, there are 22 risk events and 28 risk agents with fifteen dominant risk agents such as human error, data misinformation, and others. Twelve preventive actions were also obtained, such as improving communication both internally and externally and others.
Review of Seepage Behaviour on Concrete Facing Rockfill Dam Based on FEM Simulation and Chemical Aspect
Authors: Pamungkas G , Putranto T T , Suharyanto
Published: November 2022

Concrete Facing Rockfill Dam (CFRD) is a popular type of dam for hydropower plant due to its relatively good stability than others. However, CFRD have a potential technical issue concerning seepage and leakage as it has a thin impermeable layer. In this study, dam stability against seepage was evaluated by finite element simulation. Concrete facing layer and dam foundation were assumed to undergo permeability coefficient (K) increasing within 3 stages and would be simulated within 15 scenarios. Furthermore, seepage chemistry analysis was conducted to evaluate seepage water interaction with the dam foundation. FEM simulation shows that increasing of permeability coefficient on concrete facing < 10-5 m/second tends to cause the exceedance of allowable seepage discharge (q-simulation > q-allowable). On other hand, the increase of permeability coefficient on the dam foundation tends to cause the dam failure against seepage force. According to seepage chemistry analysis, calcium ion Ca2+ concentration increase 1.8 times from 13.6 meq/L on 2019 sampling to 24.8 meq/L on 2020 sampling. The seepage chemistry analysis shows the sign of carbonate rock interaction as dam foundation with seepage water.
The Effect of Laptop Usage Behaviors on Eye Fatigue on Work-from-Home (WFH) Lecturers during The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wardani T L , Retnowati L , Fajariani R , Qadrijati I , Sumardiyono  , Rinawati S , Atmojo T B
Published: November 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia has encouraged changes in society, especially in the aspect of education. Learning is conducted online and educators carry out activities from home. However, this has a negative impact on physical health, which may occur due to WFH behavior, which is Eye Fatigue. Laptop usage behavior depend on the size of the laptop, the duration and frequency of laptop usage, the visual distance, the position of the monitor and eye rest. This study intends to determine the effect of laptop usage behavior on Eye Fatigue. This study uses an observational design with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study is 175 lecturers and use a simple random sampling technique. The used instruments are laptop usage behavior and visual fatigue index questionnaires distributed through Google Forms. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Somers’d correlation statistical test. The results show a significant level of laptop size with eye fatigue with a p-value = 0.005, while the other variables were not related. The behavior of using a laptop has affected eye fatigue especially because of the size of the laptop. They use standard laptop size and use laptop support when operating laptops.
A Review on Household Water End-Use Consumption to Mitigate the Urban Water Crisis: Insight from Various Cities in Indonesia
Authors: Azizah R N , Sinaga L F , Awfa D , Imami A D , Yanda R , Saraswati Z F , Putri Y , Setiawati E
Published: November 2022

The present paper reviews the recent perspectives of end-use studies as a part of urban water crisis mitigation within the past decade in various regions in Indonesia. The paper integrates a critical review of water-end use consumption from five major islands in Indonesia. Comparative methods were used to determine the domestic water consumption behaviour from the collected data from 2013 to 2020. Furthermore, the collected data were classified into two major groups (i.e., regions on Java Island and regions on non-Java Island). At the end, this review reflected a different pattern between domestic water consumption in various socio-economic regions in Indonesia and expected to provide strategies that could be used to mitigate the urban water crisis in the future.
Waste Management Policy: A Study of Malang Waste Bank in Implementing The Green Economy Concept
Authors: Muljaningsih S , Indrawati N K , Asrofi D A Nur
Published: November 2022

The problem of waste has become a concern almost all cities in Indonesia. Therefore, comprehensive waste management that is beneficial for the environment, economy, social, becomes an important issue. This is inseparable from the fact that population growth in Indonesia is correlated with the volume of waste. if this is allowed, it will threaten aspects of environmental sustainability. This study aims to evaluate the role of the Malang Waste Bank in implementing Law Number 18 of 2008 through Malang City Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2010 concerning waste management. The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach to the Malang Waste Bank (BSM) which is analyzed using descriptive and evaluative analysis based on the concept of the green economy. The results showed that the Malang Waste Bank has an important role in changing the mindset and behavior of people in Malang City regarding waste management. The implication of this research is the need to improve and optimize the role of the Malang Waste Bank in waste management activities to improve the welfare of the community in Malang.
The Effect of Allogenic Recharge on Multi-Temporal Water Quality Variations in the Pindul Cave Underground River, Gunungkidul
Authors: Tastian N F , Adji T N , Cahyadi A
Published: November 2022

The Pindul Cave Underground River is a source of water that is used for irrigation, fulfilling domestic needs, and also tourism. The source of water in the Pindul Cave Underground River comes from the surface river flow that enters the ponor (Allogenic Recharge) so that it affects the water quality in the Pindul Cave Underground River. The research was conducted with the aim of temporally analyzing the water quality in the Pindul Cave Underground River. River water samples were taken periodically for one year. Water quality was analyzed by comparing samples from laboratory and field tests with quality standards and hydrogeochemical analysis using triangle piper diagrams and rectangular piper diagrams. The results show that allogeneic affixes have an effect in the form of a relatively fast dilution process in the rainy season, thereby reducing the calcium value. This condition causes the water quality in the rainy season to be better than the dry season because the calcium level decreases and does not exceed the water quality standard. The results are corroborated by triangular and rectangular piper diagram analysis which shows that the water in the Pindul Cave Underground River is classified as calcium enrichment, unpolluted water.
Community based integrated sustainable waste management in Lerep tourism village
Authors: Damayanti Maya , Tyas Wido Prananing , Ningtyas Luluh Cahya Pangestu
Published: November 2022

The waste generated in tourist villages is not only from household activities but also from tourism activities. If not managed wisely, it can effect on health and the surrounding environment and are usually thrown away without a chance to return to the economy. The waste management system in the Lerep Tourism Village has started paying attention to the concept of sustainability and being integrated by empowering the community through BUMdes to achieve zero plastic. This article aims to explore the efforts of the community of this village in managing waste of tourism and domestic activities. This research applied a qualitative study by interviewing the key informants in this village, The villagers reduce the use of plastic in one of the tourist attractions, namely the rural culinary market by replacing plastic containers with leaf containers. Other efforts made such as early segregation of waste by residents from their respective homes, reducing burning waste, provision of 3R facility and waste banks to recycle waste become a more economical product. These efforts not only have an impact on quality environment, but also on the community’s economy where the results of waste banks are able to help people pay health insurance.
Effect of Glass Cover Thickness and Inclination Angle on Distillate Efficiency of Single-Stage Solar Still
Authors: Felicia  , Kusumadewi Riana Ayu , Winarni  , Hadisoebroto Rositayanti
Published: November 2022

Solar desalination is one of many methods to separate excess salt from seawater. In this work, solar energy is applied because of its economical and environmental value. Additionally, solar energy is practical to use in the coastal region. To increase the distillate produced by the solar still, four variations of cover thickness and three variations of inclination angle are applied to the still. The cover thickness and inclination angle used in this work are 3 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm and 25°, 30°, 45°. The type of still that is used in this work is a rectangular-shaped single-stage solar still with an area of 0.8 m2. The desalination processes in this work were done from 09.00 until 16.00 and the data was collected every hour in the processes. The result of this work shows that the distillate efficiency produced by the solar still is 1.03% - 6.91%. The highest solar intensity is 1231.97 W/m2 and the lowest solar intensity is 101.03 W/m2. The most effective efficiency was obtained with the variation of 3 mm cover thickness and 25° inclination angle, while the lowest efficiency was obtained with the variation of 10 mm cover thickness and 30° inclination angle.
Selection of design criteria for the coagulation and flocculation unit in the cimanggis drinking water treatment plant
Authors: Putri Anggi Tasya Megawati , Kusumadewi Riana Ayu , Winarni
Published: November 2022

Coagulation and flocculation are essential components of drinking water treatment, because they provide a reliable process for treating water turbidity. This study aims to use design criteria that can be used to design Cimanggis Water Treatment Plant (WTP), so it can produce water that fulfills the Drinking Water Quality Standard No. 492 Year 2010 by the Health Minister of Republic of Indonesia. The Cimanggis WTP development design refers to the existing condition of Legong Konvensional 2 WTP, considering that the raw water quality of the Legong Konvensional 2 WTP is almost the same as the Cimanggis WTP. Determination of design criteria for Cimanggis WTP was carried out by literature study and evaluating the existing conditions of the Legong Konvensional 2 WTP. The evaluation of the Legong Konvensional 2 WTP is done by direct measurements of the plant dimensions. From the results of the data analysis, the design criteria that will be used for Cimanggis WTP, the G value is 393.78/sec for the coagulation unit; 40-10/sec for the flocculation unit, detention time (td) value is 112.5 seconds for the coagulation unit; 18.8 minutes for the flocculation unit, G.td value is 44,311 for the coagulation unit; 27,158 for the flocculation unit.
Addition of Local Microorganisms (MOL) Organic Waste as Compost Bioactivator
Authors: Sumiyati S , Priyambada I B , Zahra S A F , Pradhana D R , Haritsa R T , Rahman T , Haq M F Q , Harjanti A W P
Published: November 2022

Waste is a crucial problem because it causes serious impacts in terms of social, economic, cultural, and environmental aspects. With the dominance of organic waste in the composition of waste in Indonesia, there is a potential to recycle organic waste into useful products, namely compost. Composting occurs naturally so it takes a long time and is slow, therefore bio activators such as local microorganisms (MOL) are needed that can accelerate the decomposition of organic waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of MOL on the quality of the compost. This research method is experimental with two treatments, the first treatment with the addition of MOL and the second treatment without MOL. The results showed that the quality of compost with the addition of MOL were temperature 30°C, pH 7.4, moisture content 47.01%, C/N ratio 9.55%, phosphate 0.208%, potassium 0.027%. Meanwhile, the quality of compost without the addition of MOL were temperature 31°C, pH 7, water content 63.49%, C/N ratio 10.54%, phosphate 0.080%, potassium 0.015%. Compost with the addition of MOL was better because it met the criteria set by SNI No. 19-7030-2004 compared to compost without MOL.
Utilization of magnetic silica as tofu wastewater treatment absorber (influence of mass and adsorption time)
Authors: Zaman Badrus , Hardyanti Nurandani , Purwono Purwono , Ivana Jane
Published: November 2022

Wastewater from tofu production generally has many pollutant parameters, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, turbidity, and total suspended solids (TSS). These pollutants can cause a decrease in oxygen levels and pollute water bodies. This study aims to determine changes in pH and removal efficiency of turbidity and TSS in tofu wastewater using the size of 80 mesh magnetic silica. The research used a laboratory-scale batch system with variations in the absorbent mass of 5 g, 7.5 g, and 10 g per 1 liter of tofu wastewater and adsorption times of 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. The stirring speed used is 100 rpm, and the operating temperature is adjusted to the laboratory temperature. As a result, the TSS removal has the most effective results of 80%, with 7.5 g of magnetic silica added per liter of wastewater and 45 minutes of adsorption time with a TSS value of 90 mg/L. Meanwhile, the optimum turbidity removal was 82.52% with 7.5 g adsorbent and adsorption time of 15 minutes resulting in a turbidity value of 82.1 NTU. The resulting pH varies in the range of 3.28-4.27, depending on the mass of the adsorbent and the adsorption time.
Solidification/Stabilization of waste containing lead using flyash and bentonite
Authors: Simangunsong T L , Fransiscus Y , Prayitno M I , Pratama S W H
Published: November 2022

In this study, the Stabilization/Solidification was used to treat Pb as heavy metal waste using flyash and bentonite, as binder and mixing agent. Flyash and bentonite was mixed with the waste containing Pb and formed to cube called “mortar” with a size of 5x5x5 cm. The variations of flyash and bentonite were 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, 10:90, and 0:100. Then the mortars had a curing time process for 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days. After curing time process, the products tested using a compressive strength test and TCLP test. Result of compressive strength test indicated that the optimum compressive strength value occurred in 100% fly ash composition with 28 days curing time. The estimation of compressive strength test was 3220 tons/m2. The result of the TCLP test showed the optimum TCLP test results occurred at 100% fly ash composition and the rate was 0,0338 mg/L Pb. The composition of fly ash and bentonite showed a significant effect on the compressive strength and TCLP test.
Food waste humification: a process analysis
Authors: Zaman B , Purwono P
Published: November 2022

Food and Agricultural Organization estimates that roughly 1.3 billion kitchen trash are generated annually on a global scale. By using composting, we could convert our kitchen waste into a properly sanitized, humus-rich, relatively stable product that improves plant growth by conditioning soil Introduction. The main objective of this study is to conduct a review of fundamental of composting, humus, and enhanced humidification. Humus is created from degraded organic compound by the polymerization and condensation of organic components such polyphenols, reducing sugars, and amino acids. Humification can be increased through vermicomposting, the addition of biochar made from digestate, the addition of microbes to food waste compost, the addition of cow manure, multistage inoculation, solid state anaerobic digestion (SSAD), and composting hybrid processes.
The influence of drying time on pellet fuel moisture content
Authors: Pusparizkita Yustina M , Hidayatullah Alif F , Anwar Norrisal F , Junaidi  , Sudarno
Published: November 2022

Pellets are solid fuels made from biomass. This work was aimed at finding out the effect of drying time on the moisture content in sawdust-made pellets using a moisture analyzer. The pellet was divided into 4 groups and each group was experimented with up to 5 times, namely: non-drying pellet and drying pellet at 100°C for 10, 15 and 20 minutes after the pellet comes out of the pelletizing machine. The results showed that the water content of the pellet was 31% for the non-drying pellet and 22%; 21%; 15% for the drying time of 10, 15, and 20 minutes. The water content was still slightly higher than the specified standard.
Analysis of the application of injection wells in the Undip Tembalang campus area as an effort to reduce drainage flow loads
Authors: Sarminingsih A , Budihardjo M A , Damayanti N , Priyandoyo A P P , Salsabila N T
Published: November 2022

Increased infrastructure development in the Undip Tembalang Campus Area causes an increase in the frequency of floods and inundation, as well as a decrease in groundwater availability Undip still uses groundwater wells as the primary source to meet clean water needs. One alternative to groundwater conservation is to inject rainwater using infiltration wells. The hydrology analysis was carried out using the EPA SWMM 5.2 software, while the hydraulic analysis was carried out by dredging the sediment along the channel. Calculation of planned infiltration wells is calculated according to SNI 03-2453-2002. The dimensions of this infiltration well are designed to be 1 m in diameter and 18 m deep. Based on the results of the analysis, it found that runoff in the Undip Campus Area was 66,467.97 litres/second. The calculation results show that the Undip Campus Area requires 1350 infiltration wells with a rainwater harvesting volume of 14148 m3. The total runoff that can be reduced using infiltration wells is 45,978.74 litres/second or 69% of the total runoff. This plan is hoped to be an alternative water source in the Undip Tembalang Campus Area.
Sustainable urban communities: Territoriality of waqf-based communal place in Kampong Cities
Authors: Rochani Agus , Yuliastuti Nany , Sudarwanto Budi
Published: November 2022

One of the problems in today’s urban development is the scarcity of communal spaces in settlements. The communal space is a shared space where the community performs social interactions, establishes the community, and performs collective activities in the local community. One form of local wisdom that develops in forming communal spaces is the waqf land. Almost the entire Muslim community is involved in the running of the waqf. Likewise, in the city of Semarang, with its predominantly Muslim citizens, almost all kelurahan areas have waqf land. From this waqf land various communal spaces such as places of worship, education, and social, economic, and environmental infrastructure were developed. This study aims to formulate the territoriality of communal spaces that developed from the waqf process in Kauman Village as a representation of dense settlements in Semarang City. The research uses a holistic single case study method and inductive analysis to find the common thread of spatial territoriality. The study found that territoriality was developed through the enforcement of religious values, the legality of ownership status, institutional systems, and the development of complementary spatial functions according to communal needs. This system continues to serve the needs of the community in the long term.
Utilization of waste oil palm empty fruit bunches for bioethanol through chemical-enzymatic integration process technology and towards concept the implementation of circular economy
Authors: Harihastuti N , Purnamastuti F N
Published: November 2022

result obtained from the application of this integration technology is the novelty of the process to make bioethanol more efficient and environmentally friendly. The innovation technology of this can be concluded to have potential in the application of circular economy to process PEFB into The growth of palm plantation area in Indonesia continues to increase with an estimated 11.67 million Ha, which can produce 33.50 million tons of CPO. For 1 ton of palm oil, 230-250 kgs of PEFB will be produced. PEFB consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin which have great potential to be reused after being converted into bioethanol. The purpose of this research is utilization of PEFB for bioethanol through an innovative chemical enzymatic integration process. The method of the research that PEFB biomass waste into bioethanol through a hydrolysis process with ammonia. The saccharification process was carried out enzymatically using the cellulase enzyme obtained on-site from T. viride and N. crassa. The WWTP unit that processes liquid waste from the bioethanol unit disain to result in biogas. The generator units that process biogas energy can be used in unit operation. The bioethanol products and produce biogas energy and can be reused for bioethanol and WWT processes.
Development and surface properties of polyamide 6 and quasicrystal composite coatings recycled via spin coating technique
Authors: de Sousa Antônia Pamela , da Silva Aline Karla Barbosa , Figueiredo Lucas Ricardo Fernandes , de Medeiros Eliton Souto , Passos Tibério Andrade , Ferreira de Oliveira Danniel , Guedes de Lima Cavalcante Danielle
Published: November 2022

In search to meet technological demands, material studies as well as techniques to process them have been increasing worldwide, thus seeking to unite lower processing costs, the best properties of the materials involved, reuse of resources and more sustainable means. Thus, the development of new materials, coatings and composites have stood out in the market. For this work, we fetch the development and characterization of polyamide 6 composite coatings with quasicrystalline AlCuFe fillers, recycled through the spin coating technique, since that little is known about the interaction between these two materials, which have excellent isolating properties, and little is observed about the use of this technique to produce coatings with metallic loads. The recycled AlCuFe quasicrystalline alloy was manufactured by conventional induction casting. Polyamide 6 coatings with quasicrystalline particles were developed with additions of 0, 1, 3 and 5 (% vol.) quasicrystal, via Spin Coating technique. Thermogravimetric analyses (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (CSD), average roughness (RA), contact angle, surface energy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to characterize this material. Being observed an increase in the thermal stability of the composite, reduction in average roughness (Ra) and surface energy values, with increase in quasicrystal fraction in the polymer matrix. In addition to hydrophobicity and oleophilic character of the samples with the addition of quasicrystalline loads. It can be concluded, in general, that the Spin Coating technique is effective in the production of polyamide composite coatings 6 with recycled quasicrystals, presenting interesting surface properties with potential for further studies in innovative applications, such as semiconductors and surface coatings.
Categorical lifting of the Jones polynomial: a survey
Authors: Khovanov Mikhail , Lipshitz Robert
Published: November 2022

This is a brief review of the categorification of the Jones polynomial and its significance and ramifications in geometry, algebra, and low-dimensional topology.
Ghrelin Predicts Stimulant and Sedative Effects of Alcohol in Heavy Drinkers
Authors: Ralevski Elizabeth , Horvath Tamas L , Shanabrough Marya , Newcomb Jenelle , Pisani Emily , Petrakis Ismene
Published: November 2022

Aim

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between ghrelin levels and the subjective effects of alcohol in heavy drinkers, and to compare them to healthy controls.

Methods

Ghrelin levels were collected as part of two laboratory studies. Both groups received either IV infusion of saline or high dose of alcohol (100 mg%). In the study of heavy drinkers, ghrelin was gathered on all subjects, but data was analyzed only for participants who received placebo (N=12). Healthy controls (N=20) came from another study that collected data on family history. Ghrelin levels and measures of alcohol effects (BAES, VAS, NDS, YCS [see manuscript for details]) were collected at 4 timepoints: baseline, before infusion, during infusion and after infusion.

Results

IV alcohol significantly reduced ghrelin levels and higher fasting ghrelin levels were associated with more intense subjective alcohol effects. There were no differences in fasting ghrelin levels or subjective effects between heavy drinkers and controls. However, while both groups showed similar decline in ghrelin levels following alcohol infusion, on the placebo day, ghrelin levels in the healthy subjects increased significantly and exponentially over time while for the heavy drinkers ghrelin levels remained flat.

Conclusions

Our findings support the role of ghrelin in reward mechanisms for alcohol. Contrary to others, we found no differences in fasting ghrelin levels or subjective experiences of alcohol between heavy drinkers and healthy controls. However, the group differences on the IV placebo day may be a possible indication of ghrelin abnormalities in heavy drinkers.
scAWMV: an adaptively weighted multi-view learning framework for the integrative analysis of parallel scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq data
Authors: Zeng Pengcheng , Ma Yuanyuan , Lin Zhixiang
Published: November 2022

Motivation

Technological advances have enabled us to profile single-cell multi-omics data from the same cells, providing us with an unprecedented opportunity to understand the cellular phenotype and links to its genotype. The available protocols and multi-omics datasets [including parallel single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) data profiled from the same cell] are growing increasingly. However, such data are highly sparse and tend to have high level of noise, making data analysis challenging. The methods that integrate the multi-omics data can potentially improve the capacity of revealing the cellular heterogeneity.

Results

We propose an adaptively weighted multi-view learning (scAWMV) method for the integrative analysis of parallel scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq data profiled from the same cell. scAWMV considers both the difference in importance across different modalities in multi-omics data and the biological connection of the features in the scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq data. It generates biologically meaningful low-dimensional representations for the transcriptomic and epigenomic profiles via unsupervised learning. Application to four real datasets demonstrates that our framework scAWMV is an efficient method to dissect cellular heterogeneity for single-cell multi-omics data.

Availability and implementation

The software and datasets are available at https://github.com/pengchengzeng/scAWMV.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Working Conditions and Well-Being across the COVID Pandemic in UK Social (Care) Workers
Authors: Ravalier Jermaine M , McFadden Paula , Gillen Patricia , Mallett John , Nicholl Patricia , Neill Ruth , Manthorpe Jill , Moriarty John , Schroder Heike , Curry Denise
Published: November 2022

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, social work and social care practitioners had some the worst working conditions of any sector in the UK. During the pandemic, data revealed that social care occupations had higher COVID infection and mortality rates than the general population. The article reports the changing working conditions (measured via the Work-Related Quality of Life scale) and well-being (measured via the Short Warwich–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale) of UK social care and social workers across three timepoints between May 2020 and July 2021 through an online cross-sectional survey of working conditions and well-being. Analysis of variance demonstrated that both well-being and working conditions were significantly poorer in July 2021 (phase 3 [n = 1,606]) than the previous two phases (n = 2,523 and n = 2,424, respectively), suggesting that both working conditions and well-being worsened within the social care and social work workforce across the pandemic. Furthermore, each of career satisfaction, working conditions, control, general well-being and home–work interface predicted poorer well-being at Time 3. Whilst chronically poor working conditions can lead to poorer individual psychological and physiological health outcomes, our findings highlight continually poor conditions in this sector, with potential further impacts on organisations and the service users that social care workers support. It is therefore important that individuals, organisations and government develop mechanisms to support these critical workers during and following the pandemic.
Building a University–School–Community Partnership to Improve Adolescent Well-Being
Authors: Kimiecik Carlyn , Gonzalvo Jasmine D , Cash Shana , Goodin Drew , Pastakia Sonak
Published: November 2022

Adolescent health and well-being are abysmal due to low and declining physical activity rates, increasing mental health problems such as anxiety and depression, and minimal opportunities to engage in meaningful social experiences. Adolescents who live in communities that are underserved face greater risks for experiencing health disparities including lack of access to quality healthcare, nutritious foods, social support, and educational opportunities and safety. Existing efforts have been developed and implemented to address these challenges with limited success. A university–school–community approach to adolescent well-being may offer innovative strategies to improve and enhance the well-being of adolescents from communities that are underserved. A university–school–community partnership was established to implement innovative health and well-being programming for Indiana youth at a charter school. This school was founded by Purdue University to engage and provide at-risk students with the preparation for future opportunities in higher education. In addition to strategic partnerships, this partnership utilizes a prevention science approach to mitigate youth well-being risks and offers positive-oriented experiences to address them. University partners have collaborated with community organizations and relevant community partners to implement such efforts. This article outlines a collaborative evidence-based model to build sustainable well-being efforts in other schools and communities.
Lipoprotein(a)-related cardiovascular and all-cause mortalities in Korean adults
Authors: Kim Byung Jin , Lee Mi Yeon , Choi Hyo-In , Kwon Min-Jung , Kang Jeong-Gyu
Published: November 2022

Aims

There are inconsistent results on the association between lipoprotein(a) and mortality-related outcomes due to a lack of evidence from large-scale observational studies of Asians. This study aims to evaluate the effects of lipoprotein(a) on mortality-related outcomes in the Korean population.

Methods and results

This cohort study included 275 430 individuals (mean age: 38 years; 50.1% men) enrolled in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study between 2003 and 2016. The median follow-up period was 6.6 years. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for evaluating mortality risk based on lipoprotein(a) levels and specific lipoprotein(a) categories. The median lipoprotein(a) value was 18.5 mg/dL, and the proportion of lipoprotein(a) ≥50 mg/dL was 12.8%. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the group with lipoprotein(a) ≥50 mg/dL had a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR[95% CI]: 1.83[1.26, 2.64]) and all-cause mortality (1.20[1.03, 1.41]) than the group with lipoprotein(a) < 50 mg/dL without increased risk of cancer mortality (1.05[0.81, 1.34]). The relationship between lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular mortality was significant regardless of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Specifically, lipoprotein(a) ≥100 mg/dL was associated with more than twice as increased a risk of cardiovascular mortality (2.45[1.12, 5.34]) than lipoprotein(a) < 10 mg/dL. In subgroup analyses, there was an interaction in the relationships between the two lipoprotein(a) categories and cardiovascular mortality for only high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Conclusions

High lipoprotein(a) concentration is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in the Korean population, regardless of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Cross-hole electrical resistivity tomography as an aid in monitoring marine gas hydrate reservoirs for gas recovery: an experimental simulation study
Authors: Liu Yang , Zou Changchun , Chen Qiang , Zhao Jinhuan , Li Yanlong , Sun Jianye , Liu Changling , Peng Cheng , Wu Caowei
Published: November 2022

The in situ reservoir status monitoring plays a critical role in natural gas hydrate resource production. Considering the complexity of the field environment, a simulation framework for monitoring gas hydrates with cross-hole electrical resistivity tomography (CHERT) was developed to monitor the hydrate distribution during hydrate formation and dissociation. The simulation study comprised both numerical and physical experiments. The optimal CHERT array was designed through a numerical experiment. The effect of applying CHERT was verified through a physical experiment (a high-resistivity medium and hydrate formation experiment). The results show that improper electrode layouts will lead to varying degrees of low amplitude and blur boundary. An optimal CHERT array of a 100-mm electrode rod spacing, 8-mm electrode ring spacing and 48 electrode rings was obtained. The inversion results obtained using this CHERT array scheme can easily distinguish the distribution of high-resistivity targets and yield satisfactory results in hydrate formation experiments. These findings guarantee data processing and interpretation for applying CHERT in gas hydrate experiments and fields.