bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishment of an information society in Ukraine during wartime
Authors: Hurytska Mariia , Shmyha Yuliia
Published: March 2024

This article explores the development of an information society in Ukraine during times of conflict, highlighting its significance for the country's European integration efforts. It delves into the effective regulation of social dynamics in the realm of information, crucial for the establishment and growth of an information society.
Терапевтичний потенціал інфрачервоного світла
Authors: Борсук Дарія , Бондаренко Марина , Зайцева Ольга
Published: March 2024

Інфрачервона (ІЧ) світлотерапія, завдяки своїм мінімальним побічним ефектам та неінвазійному характеру, набуває все більшої популярності в медичних застосуваннях. Метод базується на використанні світлових хвиль інфрачервоного діапазону для стимуляції біологічних процесів на клітинному рівні. Інфрачервоне світло, сегмент електромагнітного спектру з довжиною хвилі, більшою за видиме світло, знайшло різноманітне застосування в галузі медицини, з біофізичної точки зору, завдяки своїй унікальності взаємодії з біологічними тканинами. Поглинання інфрачервоного світла клітинами організму приводить до цілого ряду фотобіологічних ефектів (фотобіомодуляції), включаючи посилення клітинного метаболізму, покращення тканинного кровообігу, зменшення запалення, пришвидшення загоєння (регенерації ранової поверхні) та полегшення болю. Ці ефекти, в першу чергу, пояснюються взаємодією інфрачервоного світла з мітохондріями - органелами, які виробляють в клітинах енергію з поживних речовин і які називають «клітинними електростанціями»: під дією ІЧ-світла вони посилюють виробництво аденозинтрифосфату (АТФ). В основі таких взаємодій лежать основні квантово-механічні принципи поглинання фотонів; енергія світла інфрачервоного діапазону поглинається специфічними хромофорами (перш за все, цитохром-С-оксидазою) всередині клітини, що веде до активації біологічних реакцій. Заглиблюючись у біофізику взаємодії інфрачервоного світла з біологічними тканинами, в роботі з’ясовуються основні механізми, які лежать в основі терапевтичного ефекта інфрачервоного випромінювання.
Аналіз сучасного стану енергопостачання для комунальної енергетики в загальному енергетичному балансі країни
Authors: Лужанська Ганна , Бабаєв Євген , Сергеєв Микола , Позднякова Ганна , Климчук Іван
Published: March 2024

В роботі проведено аналіз сучасного стану систем енергопостачання житлового комунального комплексу. Показано стан проблеми в ЄС, та наведені основні напрями вирішення проблеми. Запропоновано шляхи підвищення ефективності систем енергопостачання в житлово-комунальній сфері з урахуванням залучення органів місцевого самоврядування.
Level of Awareness of Transport Externalities on Noise Pollution in Akure, Nigeria.
Authors: T. Oluwasanya , A. Enyinda, C. , S. Olisa B. , Stephens M. S.
Published: March 2024

Transport conveys substantial socioeconomic benefits. It is a vital sector that facilitates progressive developments in economy of a nation. Advantages derived from transportation sector are vital in the integration of various regions and sectors of the economy of nations. Despite this advantage, one of the negative externalities it exhibits is noise pollution ‘an unwanted and undesirable sound’. Excessive noise in an environment is identified to constitute the most disturbing among the city pollutants and this is a serious urban crisis in Akure. This study ascertains the level of awareness of the users of transport services on the impact of transportation on the environment in Akure South LGA. and determines the effects of Noise pollution on the residents in the study area. Noise level measurement was done using a PCE-322A sound level meter and direct interview was conducted with residents and other road users. Noise data were collected at different time intervals to find out the variation of sound levels. Based on the findings, respondents reported that the most disturbing period of the day was evening (peak period) between 3 pm and 5.00 pm. The findings revealed that the level of awareness of negative effects of noise pollution is significantly low. The study recommended that pubic needs to be sensitized on the negative externalities of vehicular noise pollution and the need to curtail it.
Geografía archivada
Authors: Rodríguez Coya Fátima , Hernández Olivera Luis M.
Published: March 2024

Presentación de “El poder del lugar: El registro archivístico de espacios y territorios” con el que se ofrece una perspectiva general y actualizada sobre la importancia y el impacto de la documentación geográfica en los archivos. Este número monográfico de la revista Tábula facilita una mirada integral a temas fundamentales como los usos de datos geoespaciales y la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías, la gestión y organización de la documentación geográfica en archivos, las fuentes documentales e información geográfica almacenadas en archivos, y la relevancia de la toponimia en la comprensión del paisaje. La lectura de estos artículos va a permitir a los profesionales, académicos o simplemente para aquellos interesados en la geografía, sumergirse en un fascinante viaje a través del registro archivístico de espacios y territorios y a obtener un mayor conocimiento y una mejor comprensión de nuestro entorno, su evolución a lo largo del tiempo y de cómo todo ello se ha documentado.
Effect of Personality Traits and Social Value Orientation on The Tendency to Dishonesty”: An Empirical Study
Authors: MARTINCIK David , MARTINCIKOVA SOJKOVA Olga
Published: March 2024

The tendency for dishonesty and cheating engenders efficiency losses, manifesting in various forms, such as non-compliance with established production protocols or instances of tax evasion. Cumulatively, the compounding effect of numerous small acts of dishonesty culminates in substantial damage. The behavioral economics literature documents that people tend to commit small frauds but rarely resort to large frauds. We conducted a series of well-known experiments and quasi-experiments measuring propensity to cheat, social orientation, and personality traits. To measure the tendency toward dishonesty, we conducted a coin-flip experiment. Additionally, we utilized quasi-experimental methods to calculate social orientation through a brief six-question version of the Social Value Orientation Measurement and a short ten-question version of the Big Five personality traits. Trust in others was included as an explanatory variable derived from a sender-receiver experiment. Employing Poisson regression analysis, we discern the dependence of the tendency for dishonesty on social orientation. Our findings reveal a correlation between social orientation and the propensity for dishonesty. Specifically, individuals with a more competitive disposition exhibit a heightened inclination to engage in dishonest behaviors compared to their prosocial counterparts. However, our analysis did not detect any dependence on trustworthiness or personality traits to the tendency for dishonesty.
ABORDAGEM DO HTLV-2 EM POVOS ORIGINÁRIOS DA REGIÃO AMAZÔNICA: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Silva Klayrê Martins Araujo e , Tasca Nayara Fernanda Nazareno , Santos Ana Cristina Doria dos
Published: March 2024

Os vírus linfotrópicos de células T humanas (HTLV), também conhecidos como Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses, formam um conjunto de retrovírus inseridos na família Retroviridae, subfamília Orthoretrovirinae e gênero Deltaretrovirus. Esta classe de vírus pode ser classificada em quatro tipos principais: HTLV-1, HTLV-2, HTLV-3 e HTLV-4.  O HTLV 2 resulta da transmissão de linfócitos infectados que estão presentes em uma variedade de fluidos corporais, abrangendo sangue, sêmen, secreção vaginal e leite materno. A presença da infecção por HTLV-1/2 é global e se concentram em áreas geográficas delimitadas por regiões que não são endêmicas. Estima-se que a quantidade de indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-1 no mundo seja de aproximadamente de dez a 20 milhões; foi constatado que o HTLV-2 é endêmico em populações Ameríndias e, especificamente, entre os grupos originários da Amazônia brasileira, que é a região com maior prevalência para esse vírus. Uma preocupação notável é a insuficiência no rastreamento, subnotificação e a falta de abrangência em estudos sobre os impactos do HTLV- 2 na saúde das populações originárias, especialmente nas comunidades indígenas localizadas na região da Amazônia brasileira.
MARSUPIALIZAÇÃO DE RÂNULA: UM RELATO DE CASO CLÍNICO
Authors: Santiago  Arthur Mariano de Oliveira , Pereira Ana Giselly Soares , Ferreira Isabella Gaio , Silva Maria Carollyne Santos , Ugarte Rodrigo Gonzalo Valdivia , Araújo Fábio Andrey da Costa
Published: March 2024

Introdução: As rânulas são mucoceles que ocorrem na região submandibular, sua etiologia geralmente é um trauma no local do aparecimento da lesão ou obstrução do canal de uma glândula, é comum ocorrer um extravasamento de mucina para os tecidos moles circundantes. Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de rânula no assoalho de boca em paciente de 27 anos de idade, que compareceu ao departamento de cirurgia do Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz relatando uma lesão que aumentava de volume e estourava, com recorrência. Conclusão: A marsupialização da rânula foi o tratamento de escolha para o caso. Após  o  procedimento,  é  fundamental  que  o  paciente  seja acompanhado para garantir a efetividade do tratamento e proporcionar um melhor prognóstico.
Palavras-chave: Mucocele, Rânula, Patologia bucal.
O GESTOR ESCOLAR E O SEU PAPEL NA INCLUSÃO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO NAS PRÁTICAS EDUCACIONAIS
Authors: Domingues Patricia Borges
Published: March 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo principal analisar como as TICs podem contribuir para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem e de que maneira o gestor escolar articula essas mudanças nas práticas pedagógicas. A partir disso, averiguar como o uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação podem contribuir para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Outro aspecto abordado consiste em realizar uma discussão sobre o papel do gestor escolar na inclusão TICs nas práticas educacionais e a necessidade de obter uma qualificação profissional que atenda esse novo contexto de atuação. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica, explorando os trabalhos de autores/estudiosos que abordam a gestão escolar e a utilização das tecnologias de informação e comunicação como mediadora e facilitadora no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Diante deste cenário, o gestor passa por alguns conflitos: Como incorporar as TICs nas escolas? E por que utilizá-las no processo de ensino e aprendizagem? Esses questionamentos nortearam a análise da teoria e a reflexão sobre a utilização das TICs no campo educacional. Com a elaboração deste estudo foi possível verificar que a tecnologia está presente no cotidiano dos alunos e deve ser utilizada nas escolas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Acredita-se que o gestor escolar assume um dos papéis mais importantes nesse processo e necessita de uma formação adequada para desempenhá-lo com excelência.
O PNAE E A SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR EM TERRAS INDÍGENAS
Authors: Santos Ilma de Jesus , Linhares Ronaldo Nunes
Published: March 2024

O presente texto tem como objetivo descrever um estudo em desenvolvimento sobre a aplicação da política pública do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar em terras Indígenas. Traçando estudo de descritivo de cunho socio-histórico que tem como proaaupoato que esta política encontra dificuldades em sua plena execução considerando as exigências propostas pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar em aplicação na escola indígena. Para esta reflexão utilizaremos como principais categorias de análise: a noção de Segurança Alimentar em CONTI (2009) e MALUF (2009), com destaque para a história da segurança alimentar no Brasil  em BURITY (2010). Neste front para compreender o processo sobre a implantação das Políticas Públicas de Inclusão alimentar relacionadas ao PNAE em Terras Indígenas e que destacamos a relevância social e o papel da escola em promover estratégias da reflexão pedagógica capaz de interpretar as relações sociais, as políticas públicas, as culturas originarias e o direito a alimentação adequada. O problema destaca em compreender o que define a legislação e as políticas públicas a respeito do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar e sua relação com o direito humano e a alimentação adequada, tendo como estudo de caso a escola da Aldeia do Manga, como sujeitos a comunidade escolar, utilizando como base documentos e legislação estadual de apoio a implantação do PNAE no estado do Amapá. Inicialmente inferimos que há uma distância entre o direito e a realidade, destacando as dificuldades de implantação da política pública propostas pelo PNAE em relação a realidade a cultura de povos originários, que estudam na Escola  Indigenista Estadual Jorge Iaparrá, localizada na Aldeia do Manga. considerando que o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, busque equidade econômica, a preservação da saúde e da vida, valorizando a cultura dos povos originários, seu desenvolvimento humano, social e educativo.
Modelo Teórico en orientación desde la percepción docente en el contexto universitario
Authors: Sánchez Marianela
Published: March 2024

El propósito de este artículo radica en una aproximación teórica tras la investigación del mismo autor titulada: Modelo Teórico desde la Percepción Docente en el Contexto Universitario en el subprograma Licenciatura en Enfermería UNELLEZ-VPDS. En el dinámico escenario educativo actual, la orientación emerge como una necesidad de gran relevancia en todos los niveles y modalidades del proceso de aprendizaje. Su papel fundamental reside en guiar y acompañar al estudiante en su camino hacia la formación integral y la autorrealización. Es un flujo constante y de largo plazo que concibe a la persona como un todo, definido desde diferentes perspectivas y según la necesidad de asistencia del individuo. En este sentido, se realizó una revisión documental sobre modelos teóricos y prácticos de consulta ubicados en un paradigma cualitativo en el marco de un enfoque dialógico complejo cuya base epistemológica es de carácter interpretativo. Así, en el plan de la investigación se abordarán referentes ontológicos, epistemológicos y metodológicos ligados a las personas; haciendo énfasis en la búsqueda de puntos comunes, de cooperación y complementariedad entre los actores sociales, los teóricos y las teorías relacionadas con el tema. Los informantes seleccionados para la recolección de la información fueron cinco (5) docentes. Con base en este paradigma, la orientación educativa estudia y origina las facultades educativas, también las psicológicas, así como las socioeconómicas de las personas a lo largo de su vida, con el objetivo de armonizar su crecimiento personal con el desarrollo social del país. Se plantea la pertinencia de un modelo teórico Práctico en la Orientación universitaria desde el enfoque docente.
Importancia de la carne para la matriz agroalimentaria mundial
Authors: Giraldo Díaz Reinaldo , Sánchez Jiménez Wilson
Published: March 2024

La producción y el consumo de carne desempeñan un papel central e indispensable para el régimen alimentario global, impuesto en las sociedades actuales por Occidente hegemónico a través de organismos multilaterales como la Organización Mundial de la Salud, OMS, la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, FAO, la Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte, OTAN, la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos, OCDE y la Comisión Económica para América Latina, CEPAL. La producción de carne ejerce una influencia considerable que se extiende a diversos aspectos, como la pérdida de biodiversidad y de fuentes de agua, el deterioro de los suelos, la contaminación del agua y del aire, la violación sistemática y generalizada de derechos humanos, el menoscabo de los saberes locales, de la cocina tradicional y del tejido social. En este artículo se resalta la importancia crucial de la carne para la matriz agroalimentaria hegemónica mundial, explorando cómo su presencia en la cadena alimentaria no solo moldea la industria agrícola, sino que también tiene ramificaciones significativas para la salud humana, el medio ambiente y la sociedad en su conjunto. Aunque el discurso de los organismos multilaterales y Estados es que la producción de carne, así como su disponibilidad y accesibilidad, son elementos clave para abordar la desnutrición y garantizar una dieta equilibrada, lo que se promueve es el hambre y la desnutrición, especialmente en regiones donde otras fuentes de alimentos son limitadas debido a la producción de carne.
New insights into combined surfzone and estuarine bathing hazards
Authors: Stokes Christopher , Poate Timothy , Masselink Gerd , Scott Tim , Instance Steve
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Rip currents are the single largest cause of beach safety incidents globally, but where an estuary mouth intersects a beach, additional flows are created that can exceed the speed of a typical rip current, significantly increasing the hazard level for bathers. However, there is a paucity of observations of surfzone currents at estuary mouth beaches, and our understanding and ability to predict how the bathing hazard varies under different wave and tide conditions is therefore limited. Using field observations and process-based XBeach modelling, we demonstrate how surfzone currents can be driven by combinations of estuary discharge and wave-driven rip currents under various combinations of wave and tide forcing. While previous studies have demonstrated the high hazard that rip currents pose, typically during lower stages of the tide, here we demonstrate that an estuary mouth beach can exhibit flows reaching 1.5 m/s – up to 50 % stronger than typical rip current flows – with a high proportion (>60 %) of simulated bathers exiting the surfzone during the upper half of the tidal cycle. The three dimensional ebb shoal delta was found to strongly control surfzone currents by providing a conduit for estuary flows and acting as a nearshore bar system to generate wave-driven ‘river channel rips’. Despite significant spatiotemporal variability in the position of the river channels on the beach face, it was found to be possible to hindcast the timing and severity of past bathing incidents from model simulations, providing a means to forewarn bathers of hazardous flows.
Separating snow and ice melt using water stable isotopes and glacio-hydrological modelling: towards improving the application of isotope analyses in highly glacierized catchments
Authors: Müller Tom , Fischer Mauro , Lane Stuart N. , Schaefli Bettina
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Glacio-hydrological models are widely used for estimating current and future streamflow across spatial scales, utilizing various data sources, notably streamflow and snow/ice observations. However, modeling highly glacierized catchments poses challenges due to data scarcity and complex spatio-temporal meteorological conditions, leading to input data uncertainty and potential misestimation of snow and ice melt proportions. Some studies propose using water stable isotopes to estimate water shares of rain, snow, and ice in streamflow, yet the choice of isotopic composition of these water sources significantly impacts results. This study presents a combined isotopic and glacio-hydrological model to determine seasonal shares of snow and ice melt in streamflow for the Otemma catchment in the Swiss Alps. The model leverages available meteorological station data (air temperature, precipitation, and radiation), ice mass balance data and snow cover maps to model and automatically calibrate the catchment-scale snow and ice mass balances. The isotopic module, building on prior work by Ala-Aho et al. (2017), estimates seasonal isotopic compositions of precipitation, snow, and ice. The runoff generation and transfer model relies on a combined routing and reservoir approach and is calibrated based on measured streamflow and isotopic data. Results reveal challenges in distinguishing snow and ice melt isotopic values in summer, rendering a reliable separation between the two sources difficult. The modelling of catchment-wide snow melt isotopic composition proves challenging due to uncertainties in precipitation lapse rate, mass exchanges during rain-on-snow events, and snow fractionation. The study delves into these processes, their impact on model results, and suggests guidelines for future models. It concludes that water stable isotopes alone cannot reliably separate snow and ice melt shares for temperate alpine glaciers. However, combining isotopes with glacio-hydrological modeling enhances hydrologic parameter identifiability, in particular those related to runoff transfer to the stream, and improves mass balance estimations.
GLC_FCS30D: the first global 30 m land-cover dynamics monitoring product with a fine classification system for the period from 1985 to 2022 generated using dense-time-series Landsat imagery and the continuous change-detection method
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Zhao Tingting , Xu Hong , Liu Wendi , Wang Jinqing , Chen Xidong , Liu Liangyun
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Land-cover change has been identified as an important cause or driving force of global climate change and is a significant research topic. Over the past few decades, global land-cover mapping has progressed; however, long-time-series global land-cover-change monitoring data are still sparse, especially those at 30 m resolution. In this study, we describe GLC_FCS30D, a novel global 30 m land-cover dynamics monitoring dataset containing 35 land-cover subcategories and covering the period 1985–2022 in 26 time steps (maps were updated every 5 years before 2000 and annually after 2000). GLC_FCS30D has been developed using continuous change detection and all available Landsat imagery based on the Google Earth Engine platform. Specifically, we first take advantage of the continuous change-detection model and the full time series of Landsat observations to capture the time points of changed pixels and identify the temporally stable areas. Then, we apply a spatiotemporal refinement method to derive the globally distributed and high-confidence training samples from these temporally stable areas. Next, local adaptive classification models are used to update the land-cover information for the changed pixels, and a temporal-consistency optimization algorithm is adopted to improve their temporal stability and suppress some false changes. Further, the GLC_FCS30D product is validated using 84 526 globally distributed validation samples from 2020. It achieves an overall accuracy of 80.88 % (±0.27 %) for the basic classification system (10 major land-cover types) and 73.04 % (±0.30 %) for the LCCS (Land Cover Classification System) level-1 validation system (17 LCCS land-cover types). Meanwhile, two third-party time-series datasets used for validation from the United States and Europe Union are also collected for analyzing accuracy variations, and the results show that GLC_FCS30D offers significant stability in terms of variation across the accuracy time series and achieves mean accuracies of 79.50 % (±0.50 %) and 81.91 % (±0.09 %) over the two regions. Lastly, we draw conclusions about the global land-cover-change information from the GLC_FCS30D dataset; namely, that forest and cropland variations have dominated global land-cover change over past 37 years, the net loss of forests reached about 2.5 million km2, and the net gain in cropland area is approximately 1.3 million km2. Therefore, the novel dataset GLC_FCS30D is an accurate land-cover-dynamics time-series monitoring product that benefits from its diverse classification system, high spatial resolution, and long time span (1985–2022); thus, it will effectively support global climate change research and promote sustainable development analysis. The GLC_FCS30D dataset is available via https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8239305 (Liu et al., 2023).
A Lagrangian coherent eddy atlas for biogeochemical applications in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Authors: Jones-Kellett Alexandra E. , Follows Michael J.
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Mesoscale eddies affect phytoplankton in several ways, including the horizontal dispersal and mixing of populations. Coherent eddies trap and contain fluid masses, whereas other eddies mix more freely with surrounding waters. To evaluate the role of lateral dispersal and trapping on the biogeochemical properties of eddies, we must accurately characterize their coherency. We employed a Lagrangian approach to identify materially coherent structures in remote sensing observations and developed a methodology to track them over their entire individual lifetimes. We provide an atlas of two decades of coherent eddies with an 8 d resolution in an intensely studied region of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (Jones-Kellett, 2023a, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8139149). The atlas was specifically designed to facilitate biogeochemical applications and was synchronized with available ocean color products. We identified coherent features using backward Lagrangian trajectories because the recent history of coherency (rather than the future coherency) will be most valuable for interpreting associated biogeochemical signatures. We compared the atlas of Lagrangian coherent eddies with an atlas of Eulerian eddies identified using the more conventionally used Sea Level Anomaly method. Although 65 % of tracked Sea Level Anomaly eddies are classified as coherent at some point in their lifetime, only 54 % contain a Lagrangian coherent structure at any given time. We found similar variations in the temporal and spatial distributions of coherent and Sea Level Anomaly eddies. However, strictly coherent eddies have a clearer relationship between size and longevity and form distinct regional regimes based on polarity. We illustrate the potential of the coherent eddy atlas for biogeochemical applications by examining the relationship between bloom development and eddy evolution in a case study of a Hawaiian Lee cyclone.
Expert Opinion about Russian Professionals: Trends, Paradoxes, Problems
Authors:   Institute of Sociology FCTAS RAS, Latov Yury
Published: March 2024

The article based on interviews with 15 experts who are representatives of the Russian scientific community. The situation is analyzed, that has developed in Russia with such a category of workers as professionals. The latter are specialists with a high educational level, working in areas organically related to creative mental work. The growing social role of this category of workers in the modern world is based on the possession of human capital. This is the most important resource of the new economy. Such aspects of the topic as the status of professionals as a social group, the specifics of the human capital of Russian professionals and the features of the capitalization of their personal characteristics, as well as their interest in increasing their human capital, are considered. The theme of internal and external migration of professionals is highlighted as a motive for more successful capitalization of personal potential. The article concludes with a study of the problem of the prospects for the evolution of Russian professionals. As experts state, this social group is still underformed, which is largely due to Russian specifics, in which social capital is often a more significant factor than human capital. In general, domestic professionals are only at the initial stage of objective institutionalization and subjective articulation as a full-fledged social class.
The Russian System of Higher Education Is at a Turning Point
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Klyachko Tatyana ,   National Research University «Higher School of Economics»
Published: March 2024

The article deals with the problems associated with Russia's withdrawal from the Bologna system. The possible limits and consequences of the transformation of the existing Russian system of higher education into a new one by 2022 are shown, as well as the reaction of the population of various regions of the country to the proposed changes, including changes related to raising the age of conscription.for military service. Based on the structure of income of universities from educational activities and the amount of tuition fees in different regions of Russia, the most probable shifts in the student preparation structure, the distribution of budget places across the country are analyzed. In addition, the readiness of residents of Moscow and St. Petersburg to go to study at universities in other large cities of the country was considered.
Shipbuilding under Nicholas II (About the New Book by V.V. Polikarpov)
Authors:   Institute of management – branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Feldman Mikhail
Published: March 2024

The book of V.V. Polikarpov “Shipbuilding under Emperor Nicholas II. Essays on technological history. The novelty of the study is noted, based on a frontal study of archival sources of the Council of Ministers, the Maritime Ministry and its subordinate institutions and enterprises, from five central and two regional archives; verbatim reports of the Congress of representatives of industry and trade. It is supplemented by a systematic analysis of sources containing expert and scientific assessments of the quality of the technical and technological processes of shipbuilding and the characteristics of the ships transferred to the fleet. For the first time, the study concerns all types of ships, supplying them with artillery and power plants. A comprehensive study of the sources allowed the author to give a new scientific assessment of many well-established provisions contained in the historical literature. The development of shipbuilding is revealed as a changeable process, whose characteristics were determined by the requests of the Naval Ministry, the need to meet the best examples of world shipbuilding, as well as the capabilities of Russian industry.
Method Versus Truth. Part 2. The Schism with Soviet Marxism and Transformation of Frankfurt School's Discourse
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Varkhotov Taras ,   Institute оf Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

The article is the second part of the study of the evolution of the Frankfurt School theoretical views in the context of the history of Marxism and the development of the «left idea» in the 20th century. The central point is the degeneration of «critical theory» into a conformist quasi-liberal-democratic conception that retains only a distant formal relationship with Marxism. It is shown how the critical attitude and radical negativism of the first generation of the Frankfurt School in the second generation gradually turn to a recognition that an alternative to liberal democracy and the capitalist economy is absent. Combined with the shaped in the 1950s rejection of Soviet Marxism and the USSR, which considered as a form of poorly disguised totalitarianism that fetishized labor and state power and abandoned freedom and reason in favor of domination and effective exploitation, the political conformism of the employees of the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt am Main led to their actual break with Marxism. There was a rejection of both the main plots and approaches to their interpretation — economic relations, class struggle, dialectical materialism, etc. — and the Marxist language itself: the second generation of the Frankfurt School does not use Marxist terminology and abandons the Marxist discourse. The critical attitude from the universal metaphysical, as it was in Adorno, is reborn into an morally-epistemological one: it acquires objective limitations and means not pure negativity, but something opposite — a reflexive readiness to be wrong, a willingness to discover a mistake. In J. Habermas and A. Honneth, the critical attitude approaches the critical rationalism of K. Popper and turns from revolutionary into conformational — now it is a tool for creating social harmony and improving, rather than destroying the social order. In this way, the method defeats the truth, declaring it impossible, but in the end turning into an endless, unsolvable promise of approaching an unattainable truth, which cannot be, but which can be imagined. The theoretical (“critical”) work that leads nowhere ultimately benefits the existing order — in full accordance with Marcuse’s ideas about a one-dimensional society, but in a diametrically opposite modality for the second generation of the Frankfurt School: now this is a reason not for horror, but for optimism.
Prevalence and Maternal Outcomes of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Gray Amanda , Rozan Rafi , Young Latoya
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Hypertensive disorders of Pregnancy are the major complications that cause about 60%–80% of all maternal deaths. Among the hypertensive disorders, the pre-eclampsia syndrome, either alone or superimposed on chronic hypertension, is the most dangerous.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence and the maternal outcomes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation Obstetrics and Gynecology Department.
Design: A retrospective descriptive study.
Materials and Method: We looked at 324 women diagnosed with preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, and eclampsia that were hospitalized at GPHC between January 2017 and December 2018.
Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Data were expressed in percentages
Results: The minimum age was 14 years while the maximum age was 43years, the mean age of the patients was 26.35±6.7 years. (51.7%) were primigravid, and One hundred and fifty-seven (48.3%) were multigravida. The overall prevalence was 2.6 per 1000 deliveries. Gestational hypertension accounted for 70.3%. %. HDU admission n=16(4.9%), n=15(4.6) postpartum hemorrhage, HELLP syndrome n=7(2.2%), eclampsia n=7 (2.1%). DIC with maternal death n=1(0.3%), n=3 (0.9%) placenta abruption, n=1(0.3%) renal failure. There was a statistically significant relationship between hypertensive disorders and maternal outcome p= 0.001. Of the perinatal complications; prematurity accounted for 14.2%, NICU admissions n=20 (6.2%) fetal growth restriction=8(2.4%), and Stillbirth n=4(1.2%). Apgar score < 5 in the first minute of life accounted for 4.3%. This Apgar score was statistically significant for perinatal outcome p=0.005.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy was low in our study. The most prevalent form of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation was Gestational hypertension. Hypertensive disorders were statistically significant for maternal outcomes.
Recommendations: Routine anthropometric measures and blood pressure checks should be part of every appointment. Promoting early hospital referrals is crucial.

Keywords: Hypertensive disorders of Pregnancy, Gestational hypertension.
Mineral Contents in Some Wild Neglected Leafy Vegetables
Authors: Zade M. B.
Published: March 2024

Most of the iron for our body requirements can be obtained from green leafy vegetables and nutritional anemia can be easily cured by green leafy vegetables. The iron in the ash solution was determined colorimetrically by first converting the iron into ferric form using oxidizing agent potassium persulphate and the converting the ferric into red ferric thiocynate complex [Fe (SCN)6]3- exhibiting λmax at 480 nm by treatment with potassium thiocynate reagent. The calcium is essential for strong bones and teeth while iron which along with above vegetables also present in sufficient quantity in carrot, bitter gourd, onions and tomatoes is essential constituent of hemoglobin which helps to carry oxygen to cell in various parts of the body. Calcium was determined by oxalate precipitation method, and then titrated in hot condition against 0.01 M KMnO4 solution till permanent pink colour is obtained.

Keywords: Iron, Thiocynate complex, colorimetrically, Calcium, Oxalate precipitation, KMnO4
КОРПОРАТИВНАЯ КУЛЬТУРА И ПАТРИОТИЧЕСКИЕ ЦЕННОСТИ
Authors: Гришанин Н. В. , Миневич Я. В. , Писарский И. В.
Published: March 2024

Корпоративная культура российских компаний неизбежно интегрирована с российской культурой. Формирование национальной идентичности относится к национальным приоритетам корпораций. Государственные корпорации в кодексах профессиональной этики описывают процессы взаимодействия с государством, что опосредованно влияет на формирование образа родины. В российской культуре наметился разлом между молодым поколением, воспитанным на ценностях либерального общества, и патриотически настроенным старшим поколением, принимающим ценности государства как важнейшую часть духовной жизни. Он может быть преодолен только скоординированными действиями государства и крупного бизнеса, ценности которых должны быть синхронизированы.
Transgender Discourse in Islam Review of Human Gender and Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018
Authors: Aziz Dr. Asma , Hina Asghar  , Farzan Hameed
Published: March 2024

Human Being is entitled with the best creature among all the creatures of Allah. There are three types of human being i.e. man, woman and transgender. Islam talks in all walk of life of man and provides all basic human rights to all.  Transgender’s Identity and recognition in their family and society is the current issue in all public sphere of Muslims and Non-Muslims today. Attitude of society towards them is caused their incompatibility and dissatisfaction between their soul and body. The behavior of Islamic scholarship and law with regard to the issue of transgender is an important subject. As Pakistan is an Islamic state, a legislation is enacted the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 to address their issues and with the aim to provide rights to the transgender and for their welfare.  This research deals with debate in Islamic jurisprudence and its level of compatibility or incompatibility with Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 and will discuss the approaches of Pakistan Islamic Ideological Council on the Act.
Keywords: Transgender,  Mukhanas, Islamic Jurisprudence, Transgender Persons  (Protection of Rights) Act 2018, Self -Perceived gender identity
Human Being is entitled with the best creature among all the creatures of Allah. There are three types of human being i.e. man, woman and transgender. Islam talks in all walk of life of man and provides all basic human rights to all.  Transgender’s Identity and recognition in their family and society is the current issue in all public sphere of Muslims and Non-Muslims today. Attitude of society towards them is caused their incompatibility and dissatisfaction between their soul and body. The behavior of Islamic scholarship and law with regard to the issue of transgender is an important subject. As Pakistan is an Islamic state, a legislation is enacted the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 to address their issues and with the aim to provide rights to the transgender and for their welfare.  This research deals with debate in Islamic jurisprudence and its level of compatibility or incompatibility with Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 and will discuss the approaches of Pakistan Islamic Ideological Council on the Act.
Biomedical Application of Gold Nanoparticles in Different Cancers
Authors: Ayesha Siddiqua  , Fatima Noor , Rida Naz  , Amna Bashir
Published: March 2024

Nanoparticles (NPs) have significantly advanced traditional cancer diagnosis, offering enhanced efficiency and expeditious processes. Their exceptional characteristics, including larger surface area, increased volume proportion, and superior targeting capabilities, contribute to their prominence. NPs exhibit low toxicity on healthy cells, thereby improving bioavailability and half-life. This is attributed to their effective penetration of epithelial fenestrations and tissues. Consequently, NPs have garnered considerable attention across diverse disciplines, emerging as highly promising materials in biomedical applications, particularly in the realm of disease diagnosis and treatment. In contemporary biomedical practices, numerous drugs are either presented in nanoparticle form or coated with them, facilitating precise targeting of tumors or afflicted organs while minimizing harm to normal tissues or cells. Various types of nanoparticles, encompassing metallic, magnetic, polymeric, metal oxide, quantum dots, graphene, fullerene, liposomes, carbon nanotubes, and dendrimers, exhibit significant potential in the domain of cancer treatment and diagnosis. Notably, nanoparticles have demonstrated intrinsic anticancer activity in several studies, exerting antioxidant effects and impeding tumor growth. Furthermore, they enable controlled drug release, enhancing efficiency and minimizing side effects. In the context of cancer diagnosis, nanomaterials like microbubbles serve as molecular imaging agents for ultrasound imaging. This comprehensive review delves into the diverse types of nanoparticles commonly employed in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, elucidating their multifaceted applications and contributions to the field.
Quantum Biochemistry: Unveiling the Quantum Coherence in Enzyme Catalysis
Authors: Ameen Abbas  , Mashhud-Ul-Hasan Abid  , Hafza Mahnoor  , Malaika Bukhari  , Rameen Malik  , Muhammad Jaon Haider  , Rabish Rafique  , Mishaal Fatima  , Taiba Shoaib
Published: March 2024

Objective:
This study investigates the influence of quantum coherence in enzyme catalysis, aiming to elucidate its role in biochemical processes. The primary objective is to unravel quantum effects within various enzymes (A-F) involved in crucial biochemical pathways.
Methodology:
 Employing a multidisciplinary approach, advanced experimental techniques and computational methods were utilized. Quantum tunneling rates were measured through Reaction Progress Kinetic Analysis (RPKA) with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Femtosecond-resolved spectroscopy captured quantum coherence times, while Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy (2D IR) probed vibrational coupling. Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy provided insights into enzyme dynamics. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and Ab Initio Simulations complemented experimental findings.
Results:
The results reveal distinct quantum signatures across all enzymes. Notably, Enzyme A demonstrates a quantum tunneling rate of 3.2 x 10^-2 s^-1. Quantum coherence times in Enzyme B showcase unprecedented femtosecond scales, while other enzymes exhibit diverse behaviors. DFT calculations for Enzyme E predict a 30% reduction in energy barriers. Ab Initio Simulations of Enzyme F unveil persistent entanglement states.
Conclusion:
The observed quantum phenomena suggest a profound interplay between quantum coherence and enzyme catalysis, emphasizing the enzyme-specific nature of quantum effects. The implications of energy barrier reduction and entanglement states provide insights into potential quantum-assisted catalytic mechanisms.
In vivo Assessment of Diltiazem HCl Immobilized Co-polymeric pH Sensitive Microgels
Authors: Razzaq Rabia , Fahmida Jabeen  , Zarmina Rashid  , Nazar Mohammad Ranjha
Published: March 2024

Novel stimuli responsive coplymeric (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate -co- itaconic acid diltiazem HCl loaded microgels were fabricated and characterized successfully to reduce the degradation of drugs in acidic pH of stomach resulting in reduced bioavailability to minimize dosing frequency and enhance patient compliance. To evaluate the clinical significance, in-vivo studies of recently prepared novel pH sensitive copolymeric microgels are performed and different pharmacokinetic parameters as maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to reach the maximum plasma concentration (Tmax), area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC 0-?), half-life (t 1/2?) and elimination rate constant (K21) are analyzed. The mean plasma concentration of sustained release DLZ loaded microgels showed higher Tmax for prepared microgels (4.0758±0.22 hrs) than standard drug solution. The half-life t1/2? of test microgels is relatively higher (5.68±5.86 hrs) whereas the Cmax is measured to be 41.06±2.02ng/ml for microgels with AUC0-? calculated as 460.35±39.99 ng.hr/ml. Elimination rate constant K21 for DLZ microgels is 0.18 ± 0.07 hrs-1 for which showed the absorption phase is extended and drug is present for a prolong period of time in the body. This study proved that novel prepared pH sensitive copolymeric p(EHA-co-IA) microgels released model drug in sustained release manner in  pH sensitive medium.
Glycerine addition in Cashew stembark extract mouthwash influence the inhibition of bacterial growth
Authors: Harsini Harsini , Irnawati Dyah , Anindya Widyasrini Dyah , Sunarintyas Siti , Siswomihardjo Widowati
Published: March 2024

The part of cashew plant (Anacardium Occidentale Linn) can be utilized as an ingredient in herbal medicine. Alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids found in cashew stembark exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, making them appropriate as an active ingredient in mouthwash. On the other hand, one of the key ingredients in mouthwash formulas is glycerin. It is also frequently used as humectant. This study aims to prove the effect of glycerin on the cashew stembark extract mouthwash on its antibacterial activity. This study used 4 formulas consisted of 7% concentration of cashew stembark extract added with 1% sorbitol, 1.5% peppermint, distilled water as solvent, and various concentration of glycerin for each formula. The clarity, color change, and taste were assessed at day 7. The growth inhibition of both gram positive (S. aureus) and gram negative (P. aeruginosa) bacteria was measured. The data obtained were tested using one-way ANOVA and LSD (α=0.05). All of the 4 formulas of the mouthwashes found to be relatively stable. Based on the results of the inhibition test, it can be concluded that the addition of glycerin affects the inhibition of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria. Glycerin had significant effect on bacterial growth inhibition at 15% (Formula III).
Constructivismo crítico e intervención. Más allá de la técnica como ideología
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Domínguez Sánchez-Pinilla Mario
Published: March 2024

La acción técnica representa un escape parcial a la condición humana, y ello explica cómo en la modernidad se han sucedido diferentes formas de interactuar con la técnica. Un breve repaso de las mismas nos indica cuáles han sido sus aciertos y carencias, pero también la saturación que de dicho despliegue crítico acaba resultando. No hace mucho estaba de moda entre los críticos sociales condenar la tecnología como tal. Esa actitud perdura e inspira cierto altivo desdén por la tecnología entre los intelectuales que, sin embargo, la emplean constantemente en su vida cotidiana. No obstante, la crítica social se ha volcado cada vez más al estudio y la defensa de posibles reconfiguraciones y transformaciones de la tecnología para acomodarla a los actores excluidos de las redes de diseño originales. Este enfoque surgió primero en el movimiento ecologista, que consiguió modificar el diseño de las tecnologías mediante la regulación y los litigios, y hoy continúa en las propuestas de transformación de las biotecnologías y la informática. La crítica constructiva de la tecnología apunta a una repolitización democrática de la misma lo cual obliga a la reutilización de ciertos conceptos.