bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic geosteering workflow with uncertainty quantification and deep learning: Initial test on the Goliat Field data
Authors: Rammay Muzammil Hussain , Alyaev Sergey , Larsen David Selvåg , Bratvold Reidar Brumer , Saint Craig
Published: July 2024

Continuous integration of real-time logging-while-drilling data into a subsurface model with relevant geologic uncertainties enables strategic geosteering, a field-level optimization of the well-placement strategy. Model errors arising from oversimplified conceptual geologic models and imperfect simulation of measurements result in unreliable subsurface-model updates. The model errors are particularly pronounced when synthetic measurements are approximated with a fast but imperfect model, such as a deep neural network (DNN). We develop a practical data-assimilation workflow consisting of offline and online phases. The offline phase involves DNN training and building an uncertain prior near-well geomodel. The online phase uses the flexible iterative ensemble smoother (FlexIES) to perform real-time assimilation of extra-deep electromagnetic data while accounting for the model errors in the approximate DNN model. We demonstrate our workflow on historic well-log data from the Goliat Field (Barents Sea). The median of our probabilistic estimation is on par with proprietary inversion regardless of the number of layers in the chosen prior or the approximate DNN model. By estimating model errors, FlexIES automatically quantifies the uncertainty in the boundaries and resistivities of layers, which is not standard in proprietary inversion. This capability allows us to capture uncertainties more efficiently, thus providing input for future quantitative decision support methods. We demonstrate the potential of quantitive decision support by visually estimating the ahead-of-bit risk of reservoir exit that has occurred during the considered operation.
Developing a novel permeability prediction method for tight carbonate reservoirs using borehole electrical image logging
Authors: Meng Kun , Yu Hongyan , Fan Liyong , Ma Zhanrong , Luo Xiaorong , Cao Binfeng , Zhang Yihuai
Published: July 2024

Predicting permeability accurately is crucial for effective hydrocarbon extraction, but the intricate pore structures of tight carbonates resulting from sedimentation, diagenesis, and tectonic activity present significant challenges. Based on borehole electrical image logging and fractal theory, we develop a method to calculate the fractal dimension of the porosity spectrum to characterize the complexity of the pore structure of the reservoir. Fractal features of the porosity spectra are studied, and fractal parameters are calculated, such as the left ([Formula: see text]), middle ([Formula: see text]), and right fractal dimensions ([Formula: see text]). A permeability prediction model is developed based on fractal parameters by investigating the linear relationship between fractal parameters and core permeability. The results indicate that [Formula: see text] and permeability have a coefficient of determination ([Formula: see text]) of 0.78, whereas [Formula: see text] between porosity and permeability is only 0.03. The [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] have little correlation with core permeability. The prediction results of the [Formula: see text]-based permeability model are in good agreement with the experimental data with Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient of 0.93 in the field applications. Our findings suggest that large pores primarily contribute to the permeability of tight carbonates because [Formula: see text] corresponds to the macroporous part of the porosity spectrum. This study enhances our understanding of the factors that influence permeability and provides a useful tool for predicting permeability in tight carbonate reservoirs.
Robust estimation of structural orientation parameters and 2D/3D local anisotropic Tikhonov regularization
Authors: Gholami Ali , Gazzola Silvia
Published: July 2024

Understanding the orientation of geologic structures is crucial for analyzing the complexity of the earths’ subsurface. For instance, information about geologic structure orientation can be incorporated into local anisotropic regularization methods as a valuable tool to stabilize the solution of inverse problems and produce geologically plausible solutions. We introduce a new variational method that uses the alternating direction method of multipliers within an alternating minimization scheme to jointly estimate orientation and model parameters in 2D and 3D inverse problems. Specifically, our approach adaptively integrates recovered information about structural orientation, enhancing the effectiveness of anisotropic Tikhonov regularization in recovering geophysical parameters. The paper also discusses the automatic tuning of algorithmic parameters to maximize the new method’s performance. Our algorithm is tested across diverse 2D and 3D examples, including structure-oriented denoising and trace interpolation. The results indicate that the algorithm is robust in solving the considered large and challenging problems, alongside efficiently estimating the associated tilt field in 2D cases and the dip, strike, and tilt fields in 3D cases. Synthetic and field examples show that our anisotropic regularization method produces a model with enhanced resolution and provides a more accurate representation of the true structures.
Quantum Leap: Envisioning the Role of Quantum Computing in Orthopedic Practice
Authors: Jeyaraman Naveen ,   Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,, Jeyaraman Madhan , Ramasubramanian Swaminathan ,   Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,,   Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: July 2024

Quantum computing represents a significant paradigm shift in our approach to processing information by leveraging the enigmatic principles of quantum mechanics. This cutting-edge technology is designed to perform computational tasks at exponentially higher speeds compared to classical computing, offering potential breakthroughs in fields as diverse as cryptography, financial modeling, and scientific research [1]. In the realm of scientific research, particularly, quantum computing promises to transform the capabilities for complex data analysis and modeling, crucial for advancements in various disciplines [2]. In the domain of orthopedics, the integration of advanced technologies has historically centered around enhancing diagnostic accuracy, surgical precision, and overall patient outcomes. This integration primarily involves conventional computing technologies such as sophisticated imaging systems, robotic-assisted surgery, and comprehensive data management systems. These technologies, while foundational, are inherently limited by the computational constraints of classical systems [3]. Despite these advancements, the orthopedic field has yet to fully harness the transformative potential of quantum computing. The aim of this editorial is to explore and advocate for the integration of quantum computing within the field of orthopedics. It speculates on how quantum-enhanced algorithms could revolutionize biomolecular modeling, complex simulations of biomechanical systems, and the personalization of medical treatments. These advancements could significantly improve patient care and treatment outcomes by overcoming the current limitations faced by conventional computing, particularly in managing and analyzing large-scale datasets and performing intricate simulations required in orthopedic research and practice [1]. This editorial underscores the urgent need for a shift towards quantum technologies to foster significant advancements in orthopedics.
Glomus Tumor of the Left Second Toe Distal Phalanx: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Kang Koo Shaun Wei ,   Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Garrod Building, Turner St, London E1 2AD,, Thien Koo Kevin Oon ,   Department of Orthopaedics, The Bone and Joint Centre, Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre, 3Mount Elizabeth, #14-15, Singapore 228510.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Glomus tumors are rare, benign neoplasms that originate from glomus bodies. While usually occurring in the subungual regions of the fingers, glomus tumors are seldom found in the foot, although rare reports have been made of glomus tumors in the hallux and even fewer in the lesser toes. We describe a reported case of a glomus tumor occurring in the distal phalanx of the left second toe that was initially missed on imaging studies, resulting in delayed diagnosis and surgical treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this represents one of the first few cases of glomus tumor reported in the lesser toes. Case Report: A 34-year-old Chinese female presented with pain in the left second toe occurring for several years. Initial assessment and radiological investigations came back negative for abnormalities, resulting in delayed treatment. Upon second opinion of the MRI scans, a 0.2 × 0.2 × 0.2 cm well-defined round enhancing high T2-weighted signal focus within the germinal matrix of the left second toe subungual region was found, suggestive of a glomus tumor. Surgical exploration was offered, which found a skin-colored lesion, which was resected using a transungual approach. The final histology of the excised mass showed perivascular proliferation of uniform cells which contained round to ovoid nucleus with small nucleolus and pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, confirming glomus tumor. Conclusion: Glomus tumors are rarely found in the foot, with even fewer reports in the lesser toes. Their rare occurrence in these regions reduces diagnostic suspicion for these tumors, delaying diagnosis and treatment for patients. This case report highlights the difficulty in diagnosing glomus tumors, even with adequate radiological investigations, and showcases the need for careful scrutinization of imaging. As this presentation is extremely uncommon, we hope that this case report increases suspicion of glomus tumors as a differential diagnosis for toe pain to ensure early treatment and alleviation of symptoms for patients. Keywords: Glomus tumor, toe pain, subungual
Management of Bilateral Posterior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation: A Case Report
Authors: Rodriguez Guillermo ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA,, Gomez Juliana , Stimson Lauren N. , Vaidya Rahul ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ascension Macomb-Oakland Hospital, 7633 East Jefferson Avenue, Suite 70, Detroit, MI, 48207 USA; Wayne State School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield Ave. Detroit, MI 48201, USA.,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA,,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA,
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Surgical treatment of bilateral traumatic sternoclavicular (SC) joint dislocations has never been reported in the literature. In the acute setting, posterior dislocation can present with a host of comorbidities due to structures that lie in close proximity posterior to the medial clavicle. Case Report: This study presents a case of bilateral traumatic posterior SC joint dislocation with associated brachiocephalic injury that was treated with open reduction and surgical stabilization. Conclusion: This is a rare case of bilateral posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation that underwent open surgical intervention. Treatment of this injury resulted in excellent radiographic and clinical outcomes at 2-year follow-up. Keywords: Sternoclavicular joint, Fracture, Dislocation, Open Reduction
Giant Lipoma in the Index Finger of a 60-Year-Old Patient: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ampadiotaki Margarita-Michaela ,   B' Orthopaedic Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, 14561, Athens, Greece., Lykos Stavros , Pallis Dimitrios , Tsivelekas Konstantinos , Nikolakakos Petros , Papadakis Stamatios A. ,   B' Orthopaedic Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, 14561, Athens, Greece.,   B' Orthopaedic Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, 14561, Athens, Greece.,   B' Orthopaedic Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, 14561, Athens, Greece.,   B' Orthopaedic Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, 14561, Athens, Greece.,   B' Orthopaedic Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, 14561, Athens, Greece.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Lipomas are the most common benign mesenchymal tumors found on the head, neck, shoulder, and back, but they are rarely encountered in the fingers, constituting <1% of such tumors. Case Report: This case report presents an exceptional location of a giant lipoma on the proximal phalanx of a 60-year-old Caucasian male’s right index finger, alongside a literature review that identified 20 similar cases. The patient, with no significant health issues, reported that the growth had been asymptomatic for 2 years before seeking consultation due to aesthetic concerns and impaired finger extension. Diagnostic imaging, including magnetic resonance imaging preoperatively, and histopathological analysis after surgical excision confirmed the diagnosis of a mature lipoma. Conclusion: This case contributes to the scarce documentation on finger lipomas, emphasizing the diagnostic challenges they present and the effectiveness of surgical removal in averting recurrence. It also highlights the unusual demographic occurrence, given the predominant presentation in middle-aged females, and underscores the necessity of considering lipomas in the differential diagnosis of finger masses. The literature review expands on the rarity of this condition, providing an analysis of 20 other cases, thereby enriching the understanding of lipoma manifestations in rare locations. Keywords: Lipoma, finger, index, case report.
Entrapment of the Volar Plate in the Retrocondylar Space of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Necessitating Open Reduction and Internal Fixation: A Case Report
Authors: Lopez Benjamin Nieves ,   Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico,, Lacoste Ketrick , Garner Hillary W , Aziz Keith T ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida,,   Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida,,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Fracture-dislocations of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) can have a significant impact on digital motion and hand function if inappropriately treated. While these injuries are commonly encountered, they can be quite challenging to manage. It is critical to ensure a concentric reduction and early motion when treating these injuries. Case Report: A 17-year-old woman sustained a fracture-dislocation of the PIPJ of the left small finger. Despite a concentric closed reduction, she had pain and a mechanical block to PIPJ motion. Axial imaging revealed volar entrapment plate in the retrocondylar space. She was treated with open reduction and direct volar plate repair. Postoperatively, the patient had an excellent outcome with no complications. Conclusion: Our case highlights the importance of both performing an anesthetized examination and investigating the etiology of any limitations to motion even if there is an initial acceptable closed reduction. Keywords: Proximal interphalangeal joint×PIP, volar plate, interphalangeal dislocation, fracture-dislocation.
Uncommon Effect of Phenytoin on Fracture Union: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Avhad Tanmay Anil ,   Department of Orthopaedics, TNMC and BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Dakhode Shubham ,   Department of Orthopaedics, TNMC and BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Prolonged phenytoin (PHD) therapy in epileptics predisposes patients to deleterious effects on bone health causing osteoporosis; however, despite its known effect on wound healing, collagen and fibroblast proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, its impact on fracture healing remains poorly researched, we, report two cases of early exuberant callus formation in long bone fractures in patients undergoing long-term PHD therapy. Case Report: Two female patients with known seizure disorder on long-term PHD therapy experienced proximal humerus fractures after trivial trauma. Metabolic work-up revealed low serum calcium and Vitamin D3 levels with elevated ALP, serum osteocalcin, and iPTH. Despite planned surgery, both patients showed early exuberant callus formation post-trauma, leading to conservative management with successful outcomes. Conclusion: Regular bone health monitoring is crucial for patients on long-term antiepileptic therapy, especially PHD users, to enhance treatment outcomes and address potential complications. Although the influence of PHD on fracture healing is uncertain, the cases presented hint at a potential beneficial correlation, indicating a need for more research in this domain. Keywords: Phenytoin, fracture, bone turnover, union, callous.
A Rare Case Report of Enchondroma of Triquetrum and Pisiform
Authors: Agarwal Saumya ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India,, Garg Abhinav , Sharma Yogesh Kumar , Teli Mukesh , Prakash Shivank , Kalra Devika ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India,,   Department of Orthopaedics, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India,,   Department of Orthopaedics, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India,,   Departmet of Orthopaedics, ShantiVed Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India,,   Department of Pathology, GBH American Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Enchondroma is a cartilaginous benign tumor of bone with the most common involvement of tubular bones of hands and feet. The triquetrum and pisiform are carpal bones and the enchondroma of the triquetrum and pisiform has not been reported in the literature to the best of our knowledge. Case Report: A 26-year-old male presented with swelling over his right wrist with painful terminal motion. Based on magnetic resonance imaging findings, diagnosis of enchondroma of triquetrum and pisiform was made. Bone excision and curettage were performed, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. After 2 years of follow-up, the patient has gained pain-free wrist movements post excision, and there are no signs of recurrence. The Modified Mayo Wrist Score of 75 (fair) improved to 100 (excellent). Conclusion: The surgeon should always keep in mind the possibility of a tumor at the rare site and accurately diagnose the tumor with the help of imaging modalities and biopsy. Keywords: Enchondroma, triquetrum, pisiform, bone tumor, carpal.
The Curious Case of the Flying Femoral Head – A Neck of Femur Fracture-Dislocation with Intrapelvic Lie of the Fractured Femoral Head
Authors: Shah Dhruv A ,   Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Parasnis Parth , Vieira Alfven E , Mahajan Akshay , Kohli Sarabjeet Singh ,   Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.,   Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.,   Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.,   Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Hip dislocations are mainly high-energy injuries which generally occur posteriorly. The anterior dislocations of the hip are rare and this dislocation coupled with a neck of femur fracture is very less likely. . Case Report: This article presents a rare and challenging case of a 43-year-old chronic alcoholic man with an anterior hip dislocation and ipsilateral neck of femur fracture. The patient’s history revealed a seemingly trivial domestic fall, but on examination, he exhibited severe pain, limb shortening, and external rotation in the left hip joint. Radiographic assessments initially suggested a posterior femoral head dislocation, but a subsequent computed tomography scan revealed an unusual scenario – the fractured femoral head had displaced anteriorly, traversing over the iliac wing, and settling in the pelvic cavity. Discussion of this unique case explores the infrequent association of anterior traumatic hip dislocations with femoral neck fractures. Prognosis in such cases is generally poor, with considerations for factors such as time to surgery, surgical findings, and patient age playing a crucial role in determining the optimal treatment strategy. The article delves into the challenges posed by the presented case, emphasizing the importance of appropriate diagnosis and surgical planning in managing these complex injuries. Conclusion: The rarity of the presented injury, coupled with the unexpected clinical course following surgery, underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for unusual presentations, even in seemingly minor traumas. This article contributes valuable insights into the diagnosis, surgical management, and challenges associated with the rare combination of anterior hip dislocation and ipsilateral neck of femur fracture. Keywords: Neck of femur fracture, anterior hip dislocation, Girdlestone excision arthroplasty
Physeal Growth Arrest in Distal Radius Fracture: A Case Report
Authors: Le Brian ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital New Orleans, Louisiana, USA., Mudiganty Srikanth , Skalak Timothy ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,   Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Distal radius fractures account for nearly one-third of all pediatric fractures, making it among the most common of all pediatric fractures. Studies report that distal radius physeal arrest rates following trauma to the distal radius seem to occur in only about 5% of patients. Significant ulnar variance can develop leading to notable pain and limitations in function. Case Report: We present a case of a 17-year-old right-hand dominant adolescent Caucasian male with persistent ulnar wrist pain. The patient presented to our outpatient clinic for evaluation of his left wrist following 6–8 months of persistent ulnar-sided pain. Ten months prior, the patient had fallen off a shed and was treated in the emergency room and referred to the outpatient clinic for follow-up. The patient initially sustained a Salter–Harris Type 2 distal radius fracture treated with closed reduction and short arm cast application in the emergency room. The short arm cast was removed at 8 weeks, and then, the patient was placed in a brace. The patient was lost to follow-up before returning to the clinic 16 months after the original injury when he noticed worsening pain in the left wrist, localized to the distal radioulnar joint with increased hand usage at a new job. Radiographs at that time showed a worsening positive ulnar variance as well as a partially open distal ulnar physis. After 6 months of occupational therapy and over-the-counter pain management, the ulnar-sided pain had not resolved. The radiograph showed a positive Ulna variance of 2.5 mm, which was corrected with a 5 mm excision osteotomy of the distal ulna. The patient reported significant pain relief and a 42-point improvement in his patient-rated wrist evaluation score. Conclusion: Distal radius growth arrest, while uncommon, can present with ulnar-sided pain and positive ulnar variance that is safely treatable with ulnar shortening osteotomy. Keywords: Distal radius fracture, growth arrest, ulnar variance.
Surgical Management of Chronic Morel-Lavallée Lesion with Minimal Cosmetic Scarring: A Case Report
Authors: Khan Shujaa T ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,, Pasqualini Ignacio , Pan Xuankang , Emara Ahmed M , Piuzzi Nicolas S ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,,   School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) is a closed degloving injury that occurs after traumatic damage to soft tissue, leading to the formation of an encapsulated serosanguinous collection of fluid. Although some MLLs resolve spontaneously, chronic MLLs present with a significant risk of infection and may impede patients’ quality of life. Chronic lesions require surgical intervention to evacuate and debride the hematoma, often resulting in severe cosmetic damage postoperatively. Case Report: We documented a large 19.4 cm × 4.2 cm × 15.10 cm MLL on the right lateral hip that presented a significant impediment to the patient’s daily functions. After the failure of conservative management, the patient was treated surgically through a minimal incision debridement procedure, utilizing a wound drain and vacuum-assisted compressional dressing upon closure. Excellent 1-year post-operative outcomes were achieved with no recurrence of the lesion and limited cosmetic evidence of the MLL. Conclusion: This case highlights the value of a limited incisional debridement procedure for the management of a chronic Morel-Lavellée lesion. When using this technique, surgeons can effectively treat these lesions with promising short-term outcomes and minimal wound scarring. Keywords: Morel-Lavallée lesion, chronic, minimal scarring, surgical management.
Migration of Bullet Fragment 11 Years after Initial Gunshot Wound leads to Cervical Prevertebral Abscess: A Case Report
Authors: Bogue Shelly ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA,, Razzouk Jacob , Roy Qu , Petersen Garrett , Nguyen Khanh , Danisa Olumide ,   School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA,,   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA.,   School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA,,   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA.,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA,
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Literature showcases conflicting findings regarding the outcomes of ballistic fragment removal from the spine in gunshot wounds (GSW) patients. Further research in this area is needed to better comprehend the nuances of risks and benefits surrounding ballistic fragment removal from the spine in GSW patients. In this case report, we discuss the late-onset cervical prevertebral abscess which developed when a previously embedded bullet fragment migrated into the retropharyngeal space 11 years after an initial GSW. Case Report: A 29-year-old male sustained a gunshot wound to the face in 2011. He was stabilized with a posterior C3-C6 lateral mass instrumentation and fusion. There were no attempts to remove the bullet fragments. In 2023, the patient returned with worsening neck pain. Imaging demonstrated a retropharyngeal abscess with interval rotation of the ballistic fragment by 90°. An abscess was noted anterior to the cervical vertebrae with a freely mobile ballistic fragment within. Conclusion: This case highlights several questions: What is the criteria for radiographic surveillance of retained hardware? If there is documented movement, should this trigger further investigation? What complications can occur that warrant careful removal? Keywords: Gunshot wound, ballistic, fragment, cervical, spine.
Embracing the Timeless Value of Vintage Instrumentation in Orthopedics for Broken Femoral Nail Extraction with Novel Technique
Authors: Anwer Adnan ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India., Siddiqui Yasir Salam , Ansari Mohd Owais , Firoz Ahsan , Khurana Shivank , Harun Faisal ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Intramedullary nail placement is a preferred method for femoral shaft fractures due to biomechanical advantages. Despite its simplicity and efficacy, complications, such as pseudoarthrosis and nail fracture, pose challenges. Removing the distal fragment presents a vexing issue, often requiring specialized instruments. Current retrograde techniques may not be universally accessible, potentially leading to non-union site opening and tissue damage. While intramedullary nailing benefits fracture treatment, addressing its removal complications is crucial for further advancements. In this case, universal zig and K-nail reamers are used to extract the broken nail. Case Report: A 42-year-old male suffered an injury to his left thigh in a bike collision. Radiological examination revealed an oblique fracture in the proximal 1/3rd and distal 2/3rd junction of the left femur shaft. Closed reduction and internal fixation were initially performed, but delayed union occurred. Nine months post-surgery, a broken femoral nail and non-united fracture were observed. The patient underwent successful removal and replacement of the broken nail with a wider intramedullary nail. The procedure involved using a universal zig for removal of the proximal fragment and K-nail reamers to remove the distal fragment of the broken nail, and inserting a wider proximal femoral nail. The patient was discharged in satisfactory condition with tolerable weight-bearing. Conclusion: Broken femoral nail presents a unique challenge to the operating surgeon. It requires diligent planning with appropriate instruments and techniques. There have been many techniques devised to tackle this problem and the use of K-nail reamers as described in this case is another innovative method in this regard. Keywords: Broken femoral nail, vintage technique, K-nail reamer.
Radical Posterior Release for Severe Flexion Contracture of Knee Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Agrawal Arpit ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,, Raj J K Giri , Chellamuthu Abiramie , Jayaraman Sathish Kumar ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Fixed flexion deformity (FFD) following total knee arthroplasty occurs in approximately 4% of patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty. Treatment modalities for significant disabling FFD post-arthroplasty encompass manipulation under anesthesia, osteophyte resection, soft tissue release, peroneal nerve decompression, and revision knee replacement. Case Report: A 43-year-old lady, a known case of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, presented with fixed flexion contracture of the left knee following total knee arthroplasty. The range of motion (ROM) at the left knee was 60°–110°. With the help of the plastic surgery team, the patient underwent an extensive posterior soft tissue release. Intra-operatively, the ROM achieved was 5°–110°. After 3 weeks, the patient was mobilized with full weight bearing with a knee brace. But unfortunately, there was a gradual recurrence of deformity at 3-month follow-up in spite of adequate and aggressive rehabilitation. Conclusion: Patients with FFD for more than 2 years following a total knee arthroplasty may not benefit from extensive radical posterior soft tissue release. Revision knee replacement may be the better option. Keywords: Fixed flexion deformity, total knee arthroplasty, idiopathic stiffness, treatment modalities, post-operative complications.
Evaluation of pathogenicity and antifungal resistance of frequently occurred Aspergillus and Fusarium species in swimming pools in selected hotels in Ekiti state
Authors: Olalekan Adeola Pius , Moses David Oluwole , Adeoye Oluwole Olusola
Published: July 2024

Background: Swimming pools have been reported as critical fungal reservoirs. This study was designed to investigate fungal populations in swimming pools as well as detect the presence of virulence factors in the recovered isolates.
Methods: Estimation of the mycobiota in the swimming pools sampled was done and isolates recovered were identified using colonial, morphology and molecular methods. Also, virulence factors: lipase, keratinase, laccase, hydrophobicity and biofilm formation were also determined using standard methods while antifungal susceptibility was done using clinically approved methods. Also, the presence of metalloprotease and protease gene was detected using PCR.
Results: Out of the 75 samples, 47 showed fungal growth, with an isolation rate of 25.5%, 34.0%, and 40.4% from the surface, bottom, and edges of the pools respectively. Six fungi species were isolated viz: Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium verticilloides. C. tropicalis had the highest isolation rate at 41.7%. The fungi possessed virulence factors, with keratinase and lipase being the most common. All isolates were resistant to itraconazole, while none were resistant to fluconazole. The metalloprotease gene was detected in A. flavus, F. verticilliodes, and F. oxysporum.
Conclusion: Our study revealed that the fungi recovered from the swimming pool possessed virulence factors that can enhance their infectivity.
Investigation of parental socioeconomic status as a determinant of dietary habits and disease severity of sickle cell disease children
Authors: Abisola Alaka Anuoluwapo , Abolape Iyanda Ayobola
Published: July 2024

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) impacts dietary choices and poor dietary pattern has been reported to play a role in the etio-pathogenic mechanisms that give rise to various diseases. Objective: The study is designed to explore the relationship between parental SES and both the dietary habits and disease severity markers among sickle cell disease (SCD) pediatric patients. Methods: Participants’ hemoglobin genotypes and hematocrit levels were determined using standard methods. Questionnaire was administered to the participants to obtain information on qualitative parameters. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Significant level was set with P < .05. Results: A high percentage of parents of SCD participants were of medium to high SES [73.33%- HbSC; 64.29%- HbSS]. While the rates of hospitalization of HbSS (92.85%) and HbSC (66.67%) were dissimilar, the rates of patients that had suffered vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) in the last three months prior to the study were comparable [46.67%-HbSC; 53.57%-HbSS]. The daily fruit/vegetable consumption habits of 3 genotypes were poor ranging from 15-25%. The hematocrit levels of the 3 groups were significantly different. Conclusion: The study suggests that high percentage of patients belong to medium-high SES, signifying that educational background of parents did not impact prevalence of the disease.
Effect of additional potassium and nickel on Hoagland solution combined with environmental condition for high antioxidants tomato production
Authors: Machikowa Thitiporn , Khamchumpol Nirut , Wonprasaid Sodchol , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Le Thanh Toan , Buensanteai Kumrai
Published: July 2024

Plant nutrient management and environmental conditions significantly affect plant growth, development and antioxidant contents. This research aims to identify the most effective plant nutrient management and environmental conditions for enhancing high-antioxidant tomato production. The Sweet Girl and Ranger tomato cultivars were evaluated for yield, fruit quality and antioxidant contents under 2 conditions: E1 (temperature ranging from 29 to 38 °C and relative humidity between 71–73 %) and E2 (temperature ranging from 32 to 36 °C and relative humidity between 75–80 %). These conditions were subjected to 6 different nutrient formulas, including Hoagland solution as control (H), H with 400 ppm potassium (H+K400), H with 300 ppm potassium (H+K300), H with 20 ppm nickel (H+Ni20), H with 10 ppm nickel (H+Ni10), H with 300 ppm potassium and 10 ppm nickel (H+K300+Ni10). The nutrient formulas did not yield significantly different results in terms of per-plant yields for the 2 cultivars. However, the H+K400 treatment showed notably higher lycopene contents, with increases of 1.2-fold for Ranger and 1.24-fold for Sweet Girl cultivars. Additionally, this treatment led to significant enhancements in total soluble solids (TSS) and ?-carotene content in the Sweet Girl cultivar, by 1.09-fold and 1.10-fold compared to the control respectively. Environment E2 provided more favorable conditions for achieving increased antioxidant tomato production, including improvements in fruit color index (red/yellow) by 1.11 to 1.18-fold, fruit firmness by 1.13 to 1.14-fold, TSS by 1.10 to 1.24-fold, lycopene by 1.98 to 2.45-fold and ?-carotene by 3.29 to 5.68-fold. Therefore, the H+K400 nutrient treatment and/or the E2 greenhouse conditions are recommended for producing high-antioxidant tomatoes, which have significant potential for fresh consumption or as materials for the nutraceutical or food industry.
Synthesis, characterization and structure-property relations in mullite-type Pb2(Pb1−x
Sn
x
)O4 solid solution
Authors: Reuter Christopher S. , Murshed M. Mangir , Fischer Michael , Gesing Thorsten. M.
Published: July 2024

The crystal structures of both Pb2PbO4 (Pb3O4) and Pb2SnO4 at room temperature can be described using mullite-type setting in the space groups P42/mbc and Pbam, respectively. At what chemical extend the crystal structure prefers either of the space groups would be an excellent playground in the Pb2(Pb1−x
Sn
x
)O4 solid solution. Members of the solid solutions have been prepared by solid-state reactions carried out in sealed quartz tubes. Each sample has been found to be phase pure confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction data Rietveld refinement. Samples with higher tin content require higher synthesis temperatures, and controlled decomposition of Pb3O4 serves as the source for both Pb2+ and Pb4+ cations. Since the Pb4+ cation is larger than Sn4+, the MO6 polyhedral volume decreases with increasing Sn-content. As such, each metric parameter shows a linear trend following Vegard’s rule. The concomitant contraction of the MO6 octahedra and the high stereo-chemical activity of the 6s
2 lone electron pairs of lead in the Pb2+O4 distorted pyramid results in symmetry reduction. DFT suggests dynamical instability of the tetragonal Pb3O4 while Pb2SnO4 keeps orthorhombic symmetry at low temperatures, which agrees well with the experimental findings. The global blue shift of the vibrational mode frequencies is explained by the quasi-harmonic approach. The indirect band-gap linearly increases from 2.1(1) eV (x = 0) to a maximum value of 2.5(1) eV for x = 0.8 followed by a sharp drop towards Pb2SnO4. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates higher thermal stability with increasing Sn-content, which is explained in terms of higher bond strength of Sn–O than that of Pb–O in the MO6 octahedra.
Sobre as condições de validade das proposições interpretativas do direito
Authors: Magalhães Oscar José Echenique
Published: July 2024

O ensaio examina as condições de validade e aceitação das proposições através das quais se enuncia a interpretação das normas jurídicas em uma comunidade jurídica como a nossa. Busca-se evidenciar que o caráter interpretativo e prescritivo dessas proposições não possibilita que se submetam a critérios de veracidade, mas tão somente a critérios de correção, e que a correção de uma proposição interpretativa depende da adequação a certos padrões, que são os elementos relevantes do sistema jurídico em que se funda e as regras da interpretação e argumentação aceitas na comunidade de intérpretes. Constata-se que, através de tais proposições e da argumentação que lhes dá suporte, o intérprete busca persuadir tal comunidade de que o entendimento prescrito deve ser aceito como correto, considerados todos os fatores relevantes. Conclui-se que as proposições interpretativas normalmente são aceitas como válidas somente porque e se, com base nos critérios mencionados, são consideradas corretas na avaliação da comunidade jurídica.
TELETRABALHO NA SOCIEDADE PÓS-MODERNA
Authors: Seoane Yasmin Lange
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é estudar o teletrabalho, analisando sua evolução histórica, espécies, vantagens e desvantagens traçando um panorama com a evolução do direito laboral.
REFLEXÕES EM TORNO AO DIREITO A IMAGEM: SEUS ATRIBUTOS E AS INDEVIDAS INTROMISSÕES A INTIMIDADE
Authors: Tadeu Silney Alves
Published: July 2024

Os direitos a intimidade pessoal e a própria imagem garantidos constitucionalmente formam parte dos bens da personalidade que pertencem ao âmbito da vida privada. E neste âmbito da intimidade, é de singular importância a necessária proteção do direito a imagem frente ao crescente desenvolvimento dos meios e procedimentos de captação, divulgação e difusão das mesmas. A proteção destes direitos devido a qualquer espécie de vulneração e intromissão merece tutela ampla e lei própria.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Massau Guilherme Camargo
Published: July 2024

A Revista Eletrônica da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Pelotas surge como um espaço de divulgação e discussão acadêmica de temáticas vinculadas ao conhecimento jurídico. Assim, a sua linha editorial é abrangente, pois acolhe os diversos ramos de conhecimento jurídico.
CONSUMO E MEIO AMBIENTE: REFLEXÕES EM TORNO DE UMA TEORIA COMPRENSIVA
Authors: Tadeu Silney Alves , Breyer Laura , Soares Taísa Gabriela
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho propõe uma reflexão a respeito da exposição da coletividade difusa de consumidores que ficam a mercê das massivas e agressivas técnicas de marketing, que tem por finalidade a incitação e o fomento do consumo sem atentar para suas demandas e, em consequência, pelas novas patologias surgidas na atual sociedade de consumo seja por consumir desenfreadamente sem medir as consequências do que consome e porque consome, seja por não poder consumir aquilo que a sociedade de consumo lhe impõe ou mesmo saber os impactos que o ato de consumo possa produzir. Sem uma adequada informação ou a promoção de politicas públicas ou mesmo de uma legislação voltadas para identificar o que se esconde nesta inter relação consumo e meio ambiente que mereça a adoção de meios que levem o consumidor a pensar de forma coletiva e sustentável e não mais de forma individual cada vez que pretender consumir.
Percepções sobre o sistema de justiça criminal brasileiro a partir de narrativas de mulheres inseridas na prisão como mulas de tráfico.
Authors: Melo Juliana Gonçalves
Published: July 2024

O artigo aborda a relação entre mulheres, criminalidade, tráfico de drogas e inserção prisional. Discute  as concepções de justiça e igualdade ao apresentar um breve  panorama do sistema prisional brasileiro e relacioná-lo aos dados etnográficos obtidos durante a realização de pesquisa no ano de 2015 com mulhres presas e classificadas como traficantes no Presídio Feminino do Distrito Federal, no Distrito Federal.
AS MARCAS DO PATRIARCADO NAS PRISÕES FEMININAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Pimentel Elaine
Published: July 2024

Amparando-se em estudos teóricos feministas acerca das opressões de gênero erguidas nas estruturas materiais das sociedades patriarcais, o texto aborda as marcas do patriarcado nas prisões femininas brasileiras. O controle de corpos femininos é apresentado como um mecanismo que transita entre os espaços privados e os espaços públicos, especialmente como via de controle da sexualidade feminina. Esse projeto de custódia das mulheres é problematizado à luz da estruturação de um sistema carcerário constituído para homens, sem considerar as peculiaridades femininas na execução das penas privativas de liberdade. Essa realidade representa mais uma forma de violência de gênero sobre as mulheres, o que indica a forte presença da cultura patriarcal na construção e consolidação das práticas punitivas, em especial nas prisões femininas.
DISCURSOS Y PRÁCTICAS QUE LEGITIMAN LA VIOLACIÓN MASIVA DE DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES EN LAS CÁRCELES DE LA NUEVA CULTURA PENITENCIARIA DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Giraldo Cano Natalia
Published: July 2024

Los alarmantes índices de hacinamiento que han acompañado la institución carcelaria colombiana desde sus comienzos, se han debido, entre otras cosas, a la situación de absoluto abandono que sufrió por parte del Estado hasta finalizar el siglo XX, y después, a partir de la Sentencia T-153 de 1998 en la que se declara por primera vez el estado de cosas inconstitucionales en los centros de reclusión, por la incapacidad de contrarrestar el aumento de la población carcelaria, pese a los enormes esfuerzos y recursos públicos invertidos en expandir el sistema carcelario a través del programa de la Nueva Cultura Penitenciaria, diseñado y financiado por el gobierno de los Estados Unidos.
Editorial: DEGRADAÇÕES CARCERÁRIAS EM AMÉRICA LATINA E EUROPA: PERSPECTIVAS DE APROXIMAÇÃO
Authors: Rotta Almeida Bruno , Bogo Chies Luiz Antônio
Published: July 2024

Encontrar elementos de aproximação entre diferentes países é sempre um grande desafio. A exploração de distintas conjecturas com o intuito de forçar o diálogo entre variadas experiências é um caminho necessário para a busca de ferramentas e mecanismos de enfrentamento da questão carcerária. Em outro momento, afirmamos que o desenvolvimento de um estudo sobre tal tema, relativo a diferentes países da América do Sul, permite aprofundar uma perspectiva comparada com certa coesão cultural. Isso porque as nações latino-americanas apresentam traços característicos que permitem esse estudo comparativo, seja desde um enfoque geográfico regional ou a partir dos vários pontos de semelhança existentes entre elas (experiência colonial, língua – espanhol e português –, sujeição aos interesses econômicos das grandes potências etc.). Este Dossiê, por sua vez, pretende adicionar ao debate algumas experiências relatadas em países europeus, como Espanha e Itália. Estão incluídas também diferentes pesquisas da Colômbia. Dessa forma, o desafio de aproximação é ainda maior, pois os contextos de análise dos artigos abarcados nesta coletânea alcançam seis países, sendo quatro da América do Sul (Brasil, Argentina, Uruguai e Colômbia) e dois da Europa. Para tanto, percebemos a necessidade de acercar algumas informações dos distintos sistemas penitenciários.