bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The nexus between household water insecurity, mother's handwashing practices, and diarrheal diseases among under-five children
Authors: Aydamo Abiot Abera , Gari Sirak Robele , Mereta Seid Tiku
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to examine the association between household water insecurity (HWIS), mother's handwashing practices, and childhood diarrhea in the peri-urban and informal settlements of Hosanna town. A community-based cross-sectional study involving 424 mothers was carried out in Hosanna town, and the data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire, HWISE Scale, and an observational checklist. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that the prevalence of HWIS and diarrhea among under-five children was 68.6% and 16%, respectively. Only 42.2% of the mothers had good handwashing practices. Good knowledge of handwashing, positive attitudes toward handwashing, household water security (HWS), and the presence of handwashing facilities were significantly associated with good handwashing practices. Children aged 6–11 months, HWIS, uncovered and wide-mouthed water storage containers, unsafe child's stool disposal practices, and hands not washed with soap after defecation, before preparing food, and feeding a child were significantly associated with the occurrence of diarrhea. The prevalence of diarrhea and HWIS was very high. The majority of the mothers had poor handwashing practices. Therefore, findings suggest interventions to improve HWS and mother's handwashing practices, which could reduce the risk of diarrheal diseases.
Treatment of highly iron-contaminated brackish groundwater by MF, UF, and NF membranes for potable water resource production: influence of operating parameters, comparative study, membrane fouling, and machine learning modeling
Authors: Roy Biplab , Roy Dipanjan , Tarafdar Anirban , Manna Ajay Kumar
Published: June 2024

The present investigation focuses on using commercially available MF, UF, and NF membranes to eliminate Fe from real groundwater. The impact of process parameters, including applied pressure, temperature, pH, time, and concentration, on flux and Fe removal% is investigated. Results of the permeation test confirm higher permeability for MF membranes (214.71 L/m2.h.bar) than that for NF (2.708 L/m2.h.bar) and UF (56.52 L/m2.h.bar) membranes. The FESEM-EDS characterization confirms the deposition of dominant foulant Fe particles over the membrane surface. At 2 bar applied pressure (temperature = 30 °C, pH = 6.13, and concentration = 6.62 ppm), MF, UF, and NF can eliminate 93.5, 90.2, and 100% Fe, respectively. However, UF and NF exhibit much lower fluxes (72.43 and 3.85 L/m2.h, respectively) compared to MF (317.13 L/m2.h) at the same process conditions. NF eliminates 100% Fe from start to end with rising pressure, while MF (62.16–100) and UF (87.09–100) show gradually improved removal rates. Above pH 6, all membranes demonstrate higher Fe rejection because the oxidation rate of ferrous iron increases at a high pH. With increasing concentration (6–500 ppm), Fe removal efficiency increases for NF (88.26–94.18%) but decreases for both MF (89.63–23.64%) and UF (27.66–14.4%). To validate experimental findings, five machine learning (ML) regression models are scrutinized using various statistical measures.
Enhanced anaerobic digestion of waste-activated sludge by thermal–alkali pretreatment: a pilot-scale study
Authors: Li Biqing , Tang Yao , Xiao Xiannian , Tang Xia , Luo Dan , Liu Yuxin , Zhang Yahui , Zhang Liguo
Published: June 2024

The composition of waste-activated sludge (WAS) is complex, containing a large amount of harmful substances, which pose a threat to the environment and human health. The reduction and resource utilization of sludge has become a development demand in sludge treatment and disposal. Based on the technical bottlenecks in the practical application of direct anaerobic digestion technology, this study adopted two different thermal and thermal–alkali hydrolysis technologies to pretreat sludge. A pilot-scale experiment was conducted to investigate the experimental conditions, parameters, and effects of two hydrolysis technologies. This study showed that the optimal hydrolysis temperature was 70 °C, the hydrolysis effect and pH can reach equilibrium with the hydrolysis retention time was 4–8 h, and the optimal alkali concentration range was 0.0125–0.015 kg NaOH/kg dry-sludge. Thermal–alkali combination treatment greatly improved the performance of methane production, the addition of NaOH increased methane yield by 31.2% than that of 70 °C thermal hydrolysis. The average energy consumption is 75 kWh/m3 80% water-content sludge during the experiment. This study provides a better pretreatment strategy for exploring efficient anaerobic digestion treatment technologies suitable for southern characteristic sewage sludge.
"Eu escolho a escola!": a escrita do texto dissertativo-argumentativo a partir do gênero documentário
Authors: Sirqueira Mendes da Costa Catarina de Sena , Pereira Teixeira Virna
Published: June 2024

A escrita do texto dissertativo-argumentativo, no Ensino Médio, requer investigações que estejam sintonizadas com o universo multissemiótico em que os estudantes estão inseridos. Com efeito, nessa pesquisa, cujo suporte teórico se fundamenta nos Novos Estudos do Letramento (STREET, 2014; Heath, 1982; Bortoni-Ricardo, 2005; Kleiman, 2007; COSTA, 2016; TFOUNI, 2012 [1994]), buscou-se aferir, em que medida, o trabalho com o gênero documentário, na disciplina de Língua Portuguesa, contribui para a formulação de sequências narrativas e argumentativas (Adam, 2011), as quais, em articulação, podem estruturar a escrita do texto dissertativo-argumentativo. A pesquisa-ação realizada, de cunho etnográfico, contou com a participação de 15 (quinze) sujeitos, jovens e adolescentes de 16 a 20 anos, estudantes das turmas de 2ª e 3ª séries de uma escola da rede estadual de Teresina-PI. Em termos pedagógicos, a sequência didática aplicada (Pessoa, 2014) compreendeu eventos de oralidade (rodas de conversa) e eventos de escrita (produção de resenhas cinematográficas e textos dissertativo-argumentativos). Nesse trabalho, vale registrar,  a elaboração de resenhas cinematográficas constituiu uma estratégia que subsidiou, preliminarmente, a confecção de sequências narrativas e argumentativas, as quais seriam, em momento posterior, retextualizadas nos textos dissertativo-argumentativos. Outrossim, os dados revelaram que um gênero que congrega a linguagem verbal e visual, a exemplo do documentário, promove um significativo diálogo com as experiências socioculturais dos estudantes, assim como contribui para o desenvolvimento da oralidade e composição de proposições narrativas de base e sequências argumentativas. Tais movimentos, consequentemente, favoreceram, tanto do ponto de vista crítico quanto autoral, a construção de textos dissertativo-argumentativos, sob o enfoque dos letramentos escolares.
Assessing disaster preparedness of emergency nurses in Saudi Arabia: A study on educational needs
Authors:   School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, Almutairi Ashwaq A. , Alodhialah Abdulaziz M. ,   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to evaluate how well emergency nurses (ENs) at a leading hospital in Saudi Arabia are prepared for disasters by conducting an assessment of their educational needs. The research explains the importance of this assessment for the nurses, discusses the expected outcomes based on existing literature, and describes the process of collecting data from 29 ENs using a specific questionnaire. The study used statistical methods to analyze the data and found significant gaps in the nurses' knowledge and training for disaster preparedness. The results of the assessment can help educators understand the learning needs of the nurses and suggest ways to improve their training. The study proposes a 30-hour training course based on the assessment findings and recommends revising the current methods of instruction for nurses to better prepare them for disasters.
A case of congenital malformation of the brain in a newborn on the background of hereditary metabolic disorders
Authors: Lebedenko A. A. , Afonin A. A. , Kozyreva T. B. , Lazareva K. I. , Monat L. I.
Published: June 2024

A clinical observation of congenital malformation of the brain in a newborn child is presented. Diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of newborns with such pathology is extremely difficult due to the variety of causes that cause irreversible structural defects of brain tissue in violation of its normal pre- or postnatal development. The uniqueness of this case is the postnatal detection of multiple malformations in a newborn child against the background of a complex clarification of the nature of hereditary metabolic disorders. Unfortunately, in this clinical case, the relatively early diagnosis of peroxisomal pathology did not allow a complete clinical diagnosis to be made quickly and specific therapy to be given to the child, which made the prognosis of the disease more difficult. Only a further in-depth examination (consultations of a geneticist, neurologists, MRI of the brain, medical and genetic research) allowed us to clarify the nature of the pathology. Delayed clarification and confirmation of the cause of encephalomyelopathy (peroxisomal disease) is associated with the material and technical capabilities of children's hospitals, although this did not affect the timing of the start and volume of complex symptomatic therapy for the child.
Risk factors and the possibility of predicting late premature birth
Authors: Fatkullina L. S. , Fatkullin I. F. , Knyazev S. A.
Published: June 2024

In the structure of preterm labor, more than half of the cases occur in late preterm labor. Many aspects of this problem remain unexplored. The article analyzes the literature sources from 2018 to 2023 (domestic and foreign scientific studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews) devoted to late premature birth. Risk factors, prognosis, and management strategies for preterm birth in the period from 34 to 36 weeks of pregnancy are considered. Understanding risk factors and predictive capabilities are important to prevent late pregnancy and improve pregnancy outcomes. For ease of use, risk factors and prognostic criteria are summarized in tables with references and OR. Based on the analyzed data, an approximate portrait of a patient with late premature birth was compiled and the value of biochemical markers (PAMG-1 and fibronectin), as well as instrumental methods - cervicometry and elastography ultrasound examination of the cervix, as the most informative predictor tests of the onset of late preterm birth was confirmed. It seems optimal to assess risks using several methods for predicting the onset of premature birth. The information provided in this article allows for a correct assessment of the risks of premature birth, including late delivery, and to determine management tactics based on the use of informative and "fast" tests for threatening deliveries, which will improve their outcomes.
Results of a personalized approach to surgical correction of portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Sapronova N. G. , Kantsurov R. N. , Stagniev D. V. , Frolova A. A.
Published: June 2024

Objective: to improve the results of treatment of patients with complicated intrahepatic portal hypertension by developing optimal surgical treatment tactics and choosing drug correction aimed at preventing thrombotic venous complications.

Materials and methods: 82 patients with clinically significant portal hypertension of cirrhotic origin were examined and treated. The I group consisted of 24 patients who underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent bypass surgery, the II group included 58 patients for whom the operation was supplemented with selective embolization of the gastric veins. Methods: clinical and laboratory examination, “Thrombodynamics” test using a “prognostic calculator” (RF patent), surgical, statistical.

Results: it was established that 26,8% of patients had a risk of developing venous thrombotic complications: in group I 4/24 (16,6%), in group II — 18/58 (31,0%). Personalized drug correction carried out in the postoperative period led to the absence of risk in 2/22 (9,1%) patients in group I and in 8/53 (15,1%) in group II. The number of deaths in group I was 2/24 (8,33%) and in group II 5/58 (8,62%). Shunt thrombosis was detected in 3/22 (13,63%) patients of group I and in 1/53 (1,88%) patients of group II in the period from 24 to 32 months after surgery. Varicose esophageal-gastric bleeding occurred in 2/22 (9,00%) patients with shunt thrombosis of group I and in 1/53 (1,88%) of group II patients who underwent endoscopic ligation of esophageal varices.

Conclusion: a method for predicting the risk of developing thrombotic complications in patients with liver cirrhosis is a convenient tool for risk stratification of patients. An individual approach ensures monitoring of the patient not only before, but also after the operation. Drug correction regimens for identifying high, moderate and low risks of complications made it possible to prevent them. TIPS surgery alone and in combination with selective embolization of gastric veins allows achieving comparable results in observation groups against the background of corrective therapy.
Age aspect of the course of new coronavirus infection in the acute and post-Covid in children
Authors: Kiryutkina A. P. , Migacheva N. B. , Kaganova T. I. , Burmistrov V. V. , Ginzburg A. S.
Published: June 2024

Objective: studying the influence of various factors on the course and outcomes of COVID-19 in children of different ages, to determine patient management tactics.

Materials and methods: the article presents the results of a retrospective assessment of the course of COVID-19 in 89 children observed in clinics of Samara city. A comparative analysis of the course of COVID-19 and post-COVID in children of different ages was carried out. Statistical analysis was carried out by IBM SPSS Statistica 25, p<0.05 was considered the criterion for significance.

Results: the severity of COVID-19 was independent of age. For children from 3 to 6 years of age, a severe course of ARI in anamnesis mattered, and in the group of children from 7 to 11 years old - compliance with the national calendar of prophylactic vaccinations. Post-COVID had different frequency and duration.  In children older than 7 years old, asthenovegetative syndrome occurred more often and was quickly eliminated. In children aged 3-6 years asthenovegetative and dyspeptic syndromes disappeared during a longer period. 2 - 3 months after recovery from COVID-19, exacerbation of allergic diseases was observed in children over 3 years old. Decrease in immunoresistance occurred one month after recovery in children under 6 years of age.

Conclusions: it is important to take into account the age-related characteristics of the course of COVID-19 and post-COVID to predict the risks of severe COVID-19 and deterioration of the child’s health.
Development and Usability of the OHiFamily Mobile App to Enhance Accessibility to Maternal and Infant Information for Expectant Families in Ohio: Qualitative Study
Authors: Perme Natalie , Reid Endia , Eluagu Macdonald Chinwenwa , Thompson John , Hebert Courtney , Gabbe Steven , Swoboda Christine Marie
Published: June 2024

Background

The Infant Mortality Research Partnership in Ohio is working to help pregnant individuals and families on Medicaid who are at risk for infant mortality and preterm birth. As part of this initiative, researchers at The Ohio State University worked to develop a patient-facing mobile app, OHiFamily, targeted toward, and created for, this population. To address the social determinants of health that can affect maternal and infant health, the app provides curated information on community resources, health care services, and educational materials in a format that is easily accessible and intended to facilitate contact between families and resources. The OHiFamily app includes 3 distinct features, that is, infant care logging (eg, feeding and diaper changes), curated educational resources, and a link to the curated Ohio resource database (CORD). This paper describes the development and assessment of the OHiFamily app as well as CORD.

Objective

This study aimed to describe the development of the OHiFamily mobile app and CORD and the qualitative feedback received by the app’s intended audience.

Methods

The researchers performed a landscape analysis and held focus groups to determine the resources and app features of interest to Ohio families on Medicaid.

Results

Participants from several focus groups were interested in an app that could offer community resources with contact information, information about medical providers and information and ways to contact them, health tips, and information about pregnancy and infant development. Feedback was provided by 9 participants through 3 focus group sessions. Using this feedback, the team created a curated resource database and mobile app to help users locate and access resources, as well as access education materials and infant tracking features.

Conclusions

OHiFamily offers a unique combination of features and access to local resources for families on Medicaid in Ohio not seen in other smartphone apps.
The Mediating Role of Problematic Use of Loot Boxes Between Internet Gaming Disorder and Online Gambling Disorder: Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
Authors: González-Cabrera Joaquín , Caba-Machado Vanessa , Díaz-López Adoración , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Mestre-Bach Gemma , Machimbarrena Juan M
Published: June 2024

Background

The video game industry has introduced a new form of monetization through microtransactions. A controversial example has been the so-called “loot boxes” (LBs) as virtual objects, which are randomized and bought with legal money. In recent years, LBs have come to connect 2 distinct problem behaviors, namely internet gaming disorder (IGD) and online gambling disorder (OGD). Many association studies have been conducted on the 3 constructs, but few have delved into the relationship of problematic use of LBs (PU-LB) with IGD and OGD.

Objective

This study aims to explore the mediating role of the PU-LB between IGD and OGD.

Methods

This cross-sectional and analytical study used incidental sampling in 24 Spanish schools. The final sample consisted of 542 participants (male: n=523, 96.5%; age: range 11‐30 y) who played video games, bought LBs, and had gambled online in the last 12 months. Participants then completed the Spanish versions of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short Form, Online Gambling Disorder Questionnaire, and PU-LB scale.

Results

IGD scores were found to be significantly associated with both PU-LB (r=0.473, P<.001) and OGD (r=0.209, P<.001). Moreover, PU-LB was significantly associated with OGD (r=0.351, P<.001). The structural equation model results indicated that IGD had no significant direct effect on OGD (P=.903). However, the indirect effect of IGD on OGD through PU-LB was significant (P<.001). Therefore, PU-LB fully mediated the relationship between IGD and OGD. Furthermore, these results were found in the subsamples of both minors (<18 y) and young adults (≥18 y).

Conclusions

It is suggested that there is a mediation effect of problematic LB use between internet gambling and online gambling problems in both minors and young adults. This has potential practical implications by providing more evidence on how LBs have become a hinge feature between 2 clinically relevant and independent issues. In this regard, adequate industry self-regulation is needed, and effective legislation for the protection of minors is necessary.
Illicit Cannabis Use to Self-Treat Chronic Health Conditions in the United Kingdom: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Erridge Simon , Troup Lucy , Sodergren Mikael Hans
Published: June 2024

Background

In 2019, it was estimated that approximately 1.4 million adults in the United Kingdom purchased illicit cannabis to self-treat chronic physical and mental health conditions. This analysis was conducted following the rescheduling of cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) in the United Kingdom but before the first specialist clinics had started treating patients.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of illicit cannabis consumption to treat a medically diagnosed condition following the introduction of specialist clinics that could prescribe legal CBMPs in the United Kingdom.

Methods

Adults older than 18 years in the United Kingdom were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey through YouGov between September 22 and 29, 2022. A series of questions were asked about respondents’ medical diagnoses, illicit cannabis use, the cost of purchasing illicit cannabis per month, and basic demographics. The responding sample was weighted to generate a sample representative of the adult population of the United Kingdom. Modeling of population size was conducted based on an adult (18 years or older) population of 53,369,083 according to 2021 national census data.

Results

There were 10,965 respondents to the questionnaire, to which weighting was applied. A total of 5700 (51.98%) respondents indicated that they were affected by a chronic health condition. The most reported condition was anxiety (n=1588, 14.48%). Of those enduring health conditions, 364 (6.38%) purchased illicit cannabis to self-treat health conditions. Based on survey responses, it was modeled that 1,770,627 (95% CI 1,073,791‐2,467,001) individuals consume illicit cannabis for health conditions across the United Kingdom. In the multivariable logistic regression, the following were associated with an increased likelihood of reporting illicit cannabis use for health reasons—chronic pain, fibromyalgia, posttraumatic stress disorder, multiple sclerosis, other mental health disorders, male sex, younger age, living in London, being unemployed or not working for other reasons, and working part-time (P<.05).

Conclusions

This study highlights the scale of illicit cannabis use for health reasons in the United Kingdom and the potential barriers to accessing legally prescribed CBMPs. This is an important step in developing harm reduction policies to transition these individuals, where appropriate, to CBMPs. Such policies are particularly important considering the potential risks from harmful contaminants of illicit cannabis and self-treating a medical condition without clinical oversight. Moreover, it emphasizes the need for further funding of randomized controlled trials and the use of novel methodologies to determine the efficacy of CBMPs and their use in common chronic conditions.
Efficacy and Safety of Murivenna Anal Infiltration Compared to Diltiazem Topical Application in Chronic Anal Fissure: Protocol for a Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label Clinical Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Shankar KM Pratap , Puthan Purayil Indu , Binitha Palengara , Rai Amit Kumar , Jameela Sophia , Ahmad Azeem , Bhogavalli Chandra Sekhara Rao , Srikanth Narayanam , Acharya Rabinarayan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Anal fissure is a common proctologic condition that causes significant pain and anguish to patients, significantly impacting their quality of life and well-being. There are various treatment options for anal fissure, ranging from pharmacological agents that reduce anal sphincter tone to surgical interventions for cases resistant to medical management. Ayurvedic treatments have shown potential for the therapeutic management of anal fissure.

OBJECTIVE

This clinical study aims to analyze the efficacy and safety of murivenna anal infiltration compared to diltiazem topical application in chronic anal fissure.

METHODS

This is an open-labeled, randomized, controlled parallel group clinical trial with a sample size of 66 participants to be randomized and allocated in a 1:1 ratio to 2 groups. The intervention group will be treated with murivenna anal infiltration, and the control group will be treated with topical application of diltiazem for a period of 4 weeks. The primary outcome will be the proportion of participants demonstrating complete healing after 4 weeks of treatment. The secondary outcomes will be the proportion of participants demonstrating complete healing after 7 days and 14 days of treatment, change in pain at or after defecation, cessation of bleeding, and any recurrence during the study period. Any adverse events will also be recorded during the trial period.

RESULTS

The project was funded in July 2023, and the study period is 24 months. Participant recruitment started in December 2023. As of August 2024, we have enrolled 50 participants. The data analysis will be complete by June 2025, and the results are expected to be published by August 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

High recurrence rates, adverse effects, incomplete healing, and the negative impact on patients’ daily activities and quality of life underscore the need for alternative therapeutic options. Ayurveda offers potential for more sustainable relief with fewer adverse effects. Murivenna oil is a time-tested medicated oil effectively used by Ayurvedic physicians for various ulcers of traumatic and pathological origin. This study will provide scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety of murivenna anal infiltration; further, it can be incorporated into the cost-effective management of chronic anal fissure.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Trials Registry India CTRI/2023/09/057330; https://tinyurl.com/y4ut9e8p

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/63063
Racio-national Imaginary and Discursive Formation of Arabo-Islamic Identity in al-Manār and al-Risālah: A Topic Modeling Study
Authors: Mohamed Eid , Mohamed Talaat F
Published: June 2024

This article focuses on the dynamics of culture, language, and race as integral to the discourse on Pan-Islamist/Pan-Arabist national identification in Egypt during an era of drastic change in the Egyptian political and social spheres that set the stage for the current century that followed. Our approach draws on computational tool of topic modeling to probe relevant thematic discussions on the” conceptualization of race, language, culture, and identity by leading Arab-Muslim intelligentsia at a foundational moment that paved the way for Arab Nahḍah (modernity). Specifically, this analysis is meant to trace the intellectual development in the writings of Muḥammad Rashid Riḍā’s (1865-1935), which appeared in the magazine he edited, al-Manār (‘The Lighthouse’, 1898-1935), and those of Aḥmad Ḥasan al-Zayyāt’s (1885-1968), editor of al-Risālah (`The Messageʼ, 1933-1953), also a weekly magazine, both published in Cairo, Egypt. The study concludes that both figures sought to galvanize a largely hybridized Islamist/Arabist discourse as manifested in the clusteral paradigms of modelled topics.
The Potential and Limits of Arabic Digital Humanities
Authors: Mohamed Eid
Published: June 2024

Culture is a nuanced term that is hard to define conclusively. It is largely used to refer to the totality of values, basic assumptions and life orientations, beliefs, policies, procedures, and codes of conduct. These are shared by a group of people and affect their behavior and the way they lead their lives. Cultural Analytics (CA), as a field, examines vast amounts of cultural data (books, images, newspapers, music, literature, etc.) to derive culturally relevant insights. Various methods and techniques (natural language processing, network analysis, visualization, and data mining) are applied to cultural components so that they are useful for research in the humanities. CA can help identify the behavioral components of human cultures and provide an accurate insight into the degree to which people conform to the current or target culture. It utilizes the corpora, metadata, and tools of text and image analysis to provide meaningful insights into the subject of research.

This special issue explores how we can improve current performance in terms of understanding Arab cultural and social change and how we can implement behavioral changes or transformations more smoothly. The papers in this special issue use digitized printed texts, including books, journals, and printed ephemera to expand our knowledge of the key players in the printed world during a crucial period of modern Arab history. The combination of these sources will illuminate the intellectual trajectories of those who produced such texts and their transnational formal and informal networks.
Research on the Adaptation of Chinese Language Teachers' Roles in the International Spread of Chinese Culture
Authors: Sun Xin
Published: June 2024

With the Ministry of Education's Center for Language Education and Cooperation accelerating the organization and implementation of "Chinese + Vocational Skills" education, research related to "Chinese + Vocational Education" has gradually enriched. The aim of this paper is to deeply explore the role adaptation paths of international Chinese education teachers. Through one-on-one interviews with the international Chinese education teacher community, the problems encountered in the role adaptation process are integrated. This aims to promote the effective implementation of the "Chinese + Vocational Education" project and inspire more researchers to focus on the development issues of the international Chinese education teacher community.
Dandelion Root Delight: Crafting Bath Bombs for Anti-Inflammatory Skincare Serenity
Authors: Shinde Ishwari K.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The research project "Dandelion Root Delight: Crafting Bath Bombs for Anti-inflammatory Skincare Serenity" aims to develop a skin care product containing dandelion root extract for its anti-inflammatory properties. The project will explore the benefits of dandelion root for skin care and well-being, test different bath bomb recipes and ingredients, and conduct user tests to gather feedback to improve the products. The project aims to create a unique and effective bath bomb product containing dandelion root extract, promote calm and relaxation in skin care through a unique bath experience, and explore the potential benefits of dandelion root in skin care and well-being. creature Project methods include researching the benefits of dandelion root extract for skin care and well-being, testing different bath bomb recipes and ingredients, and conducting user tests to gather feedback to refine the products. Project findings include potential benefits of dandelion root extract for skin care and wellness, such as soothing sensitive skin, reducing redness, brightening skin, and enhancing the antioxidant effects of green tea. In addition, the project investigated the possible synergy of dandelion root extract with other plant-derived substances such as calendula, rosehip seed oil, turmeric and hyaluronic acid to increase hydration, regenerate the skin and ensure general nutrition of the skin. Implications of the project include the potential of dandelion root extract to be a valuable ingredient in skin care products due to its anti-inflammatory properties, general benefits to skin health and potential synergy with other botanicals. The project also emphasizes the importance of considering possible allergic reactions or sensitivities when using products containing plant substances, and the benefits of combining dandelion root with a balanced lifestyle in terms of comprehensive skin care and general well-being
Early Classification of Emphysema in CT Scans Using Deep Learning
Authors: Jyoshna R. , Jyothi B. , Sandhya P. , Yadav T. Karthik , Vali Sk Mahabob , Priya K. Sneha , Karthik R. , Kumbara Sacheena
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Learning about Lung Diseases and their characterization is one of the most interesting research topics in recent years. With the various uses of medical images in hospitals, pathologies, and diagnostic centers, the size of the medical image datasets is also expanding expeditiously to capture the diseases in hospitals. Though a lot of research has been done on this particular topic still this field is confusing and challenging. There are lots of techniques in literature to classify medical images. The main drawback of traditional methods is the semantic gap that exists between the low-level visual information captured by imaging devices and high-level semantic information perceived by a human being. The difficulty of querying and managing the large datasets leads to a new mechanism called deep convolutional neural network. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a prevalent respiratory disorder characterized by airflow limitation, often caused by emphysema. Early detection and classification of emphysema severity play a crucial role in effective treatment and management. Deep learning techniques have recently achieved an impressive result in the field of computer vision along with Medical Engineering. Our aim was to determine whether participant-level emphysema pattern could predict impairment and mortality when classified by using a deep learning method.
Comparative Study of Conventional Structure and Mivan Structure Using ETABS
Authors: Jamuna M Ganga , Anuradha Dr. P
Published: June 2024

Abstract: With rapid urbanization and industrialization, the demand for construction has surged to accommodate this expanding population. However, limited land availability has necessitated vertical construction over horizontal expansion. MIVAN technology has emerged as a viable solution, employing concrete instead of traditional masonry walls, particularly suitable for high-rise buildings. In this study, conventional and MIVAN structures with varying wall thicknesses is analyzed and compared using ETABS software with Response Spectrum analysis. Results show significant decreases in displacements, story drifts and time period in MIVAN structures, particularly with a wall thickness of 300mm for I-shaped structures. Additionally, MIVAN structures with 300mm walls exhibit higher story shear and stiffness, indicating better performance under seismic conditions compared to other shapes. Thus, MIVAN technology with 300mm walls in I-shaped structures offers superior seismic resilience in tall buildings.
Limitations of wheeled tractor applying in soil compaction technology in crop production under conditions of Priamurye
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Panasyuk Alexander N. , Epifantsev Viktor V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Degtyarev Dmitry A. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: June 2024

The natural conditions of the Amur region are characterized by seasonal soil freezing and thawing. In winter, it freezes to a depth of 2.5 m. In July, it completely thaws. Field work on soil preparation and sowing of early grain crops begins at a time when the soil thaws by only 0.08–0.10 m. In early spring field work, a tractor with high values of normal soil pressures can be used (without limiting the operating weight). The frozen under layer saves the soil from degradation. As the soil thaws, it is necessary to adhere to the established norms of mechanical action on soil, taking into account its physical and mechanical characteristics. The purpose of research is to reduce soil compaction from mechanical effects of tractor wheel thrusters. The objective of research is to substantiate the limits of wheeled tractor use in field work according to the permissible level of sealing effect. Theoretical and empirical methods are applied using statistical processing of experimental data. The change in soil density and compaction effect index are studied depending on the normal load transmitted by wheeled tractor movers. The values of distribution of operating weight along axes, maximum loads and value of compaction effect index of running systems of domestic and imported wheeled tractors used in crop production technologies of the Amur region are given. The limits of change in soil density depending on normal load under the wheel drive are given. The dependence of compaction effect index on the operating weight of tractor, axle load, wheel formula and number of unit passes along the track is established. Recommendations on the use of wheeled tractors in field work, depending on the time of their execution are given.
Development of new antimicrobial peptide
Authors:   Ural State Agrarian University, Ulitina Elizaveta A. , Valieva Sholpan S. ,   Ural State Agrarian University, Tikhonov Sergey L. ,   Ural State Agrarian University,   Ural State Forestry University, Tikhonova Natalya V. ,   Ural State Agrarian University
Published: June 2024

The properties of antimicrobial peptides as substances with high biological activity are considered; they can also be used as functional ingredients and (or) preservative substances in food product composition for preventive and specialized purposes. A new antimicrobial peptide consisting of 20 amino acid residues was developed; during the work, suitable amino acid sequences were selected, physical and chemical characteristics were optimized, and activity against target microorganisms was assessed. The inclusion of positively charged amino acids, such as lysine and arginine, which increase the cationicity of antimicrobial peptides and therefore increase their selectivity towards microbial membranes, is considered. The percentage content of each amino acid is as follows, %: Val – 5, Leu – 25, Cys – 5, Ala – 20, Trp – 5, Gly – 5, Ser – 5, His – 5, Lys – 20 and Arg – 5. General hydrophobicity ratio determined by APD is 60%, the charge is + 5.25. The peptide has a molecular weight of 2 206.761 Da, protein binding potential (Bohmann index) of 0.23 kcal/mol. The peptide can form alpha helices and has at least 8 elements on a single hydrophobic surface. According to data obtained from the APD database, the peptide can interact with bacterial membranes and is antimicrobial. The following known antimicrobial peptides are closest in physical and chemical characteristics to the created peptide: AP 00500, AP 03880 and AP 03383. The developed peptide can be classified as a cationic alpha-helical hydrophobic antimicrobial peptide.
Georges Perec and Nouveau Roman. On the Zones of Intersections and Divergencies with Alain Robbe-Grillet’s Works
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Kirichenko Vladislav V.
Published: June 2024

The article examines intertextual links between the works of the French writers Georges Perec and Alain Robbe-Grillet. Not only early texts by Perec but also further ones in form and content refer to the artistic discoveries and inventions of the representatives of Nouveau Roman. In the modern history of French literature, Perec usually appears as an antipode of the Nouveau Roman approach to writing; nevertheless, it is relevant to see and analyze the places of these discrepancies to understand better the specifics and creativity of Perec and the characteristics of the representatives of the Nouveau Roman. The study focuses on early texts (Les Choses, Un homme qui dort), which reveal direct links with the poetics of the nouveau roman, Alain Robbe-Grillet in particular, and on later ones (La Disparition). The article concludes with the significance of the typological links between Nouveau Roman and Perec’s early work, as well as their significant dissimilarity, which consists of subsequent authorial aspirations and attitudes towards style and writing ideas.
Gathering Existence as One of the Central Motifs in the Works of B. Pasternak and R.M. Rilke
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Radionova Alla V.
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the motivic paradigm of “collecting / packing existence” in the work of B. Pasternak. The study aims to determine its role in the lyrical and philosophical concept of the poet and to identify its structure and connection with the creative system of R.M. Rilke. In the first part of the study, the motif of “collecting existence” appears as one of the basic Pasternak motifs. Further — as a point of contact between the creative concepts of Pasternak and Rainer Maria Rilke. That is how the paradigm forms an intersystem metatext. Rilke’s metatext is also conceptual and relates to the philosophical system of S. Kierkegaard, respected by both poets. Then, based on the analysis of the sub-paradigms of the motif of “collecting existence” in the work of B. Pasternak, it is proved that the paradigm has one of the essential roles in revealing autosystem metatext character of his lyrics, artistic, journalistic, and epistolary prose and forms a poetic and philosophical field. Its repeated reproduction in different genres implements an existential understanding of time and the objectness of the world. It combines the motifs of specific actions, such as collecting cars on the train, things on the road, and people in crowds and gatherings, and imaginative motifs: a collection of abstract realities in man, time, space, and the realities of nature into a picture of the world, both an instantaneous one and imprinted in art for centuries.
A.N. Tolstoy’s Works in 1914–1917: From the Publicistic Statement to the Artistic Image
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vorontsova Galina N.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the relationship between various works of different genres by A.N. Tolstoy, which were created during World War I. These works share a common theme, which includes opinion pieces such as Tragic Spirit and Haters (1914) and From the Diary for 1917 (1917), cycles of sketches on the military theme (Through Volhynia, Through Galicia, In the Caucasus), and the writer’s prose fiction, including stories such as An Ordinary Man (1914), On the Mountain (1915), Under Water (1915), A Passing Man’s Tale (1917). Tolstoy’s stories of this period rely on the material he collected during his trips to the war zone and reflected for the first time in journalism. The assessments made in these stories were not always a return to specific plots and characters. The author’s involvement in the events described was more evident in his prose fiction. His works had a sense of authenticity due to the spirit of the times and the necessary details he included. The article also traces the genesis of the writer’s attitude towards the war, both during 1914–1917 and later in the novel Road to Calvary (1919–1921).
Space Beyond Time: The Tenth Chapter of The Apocalypse in the Crucial Metaphysical Scene of The Idiot
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kasatkina Tatiana A.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the central metaphysical scene of The Idiot, marked by events from the strange “capture” of a knife lying on the table by Myshkin, which Rogozhin takes away from him twice, becoming increasingly irritated, to the moment when this knife in Rogozhin’s hand falls on the prince — and does not reach him. The central part of this scene contains a direct reference to chapter 10 of the Revelation of John the Theologian, the only chapter in which the prophet has to conceal and not write what he heard. The only key to the hidden becomes the Angel’s oath that “there will be no more time” — and that after the trumpet of the seventh Angel, “the mystery of God will be fulfilled, as He preached in the gospel to His slaves the prophets.” Dostoevsky comments on the words of the Angel directly in the novel’s text in an unusual way for that time. The mystery of the new existence of mankind beyond time was pondered by Dostoevsky back in 1864, in the record “Masha lies on the table...” — a record that underlies the main idea of The Idiot. In the crucial metaphysical scene of the novel, Dostoevsky shows how the mode of being beyond time can be realized already within the limits of “the proximate and the visible in its flowing immediacy.”
The System of Mythological Characters in the Turkic Epic: The Karachay-Balkarian Nartiada and Yakut Olonkho
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makarov Semen S. , Khadzhieva Tanzila M. ,   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

The article explores the parallels in the structure of character systems of the Karachay-Balkarian version of the Nartiada and Yakut heroic epos Olonkho. The main focus is on the typical attributes and plot functions of such groups of characters as celestial demiurges and protectors of epic heroes and their demonic antagonists. The research aims to assess the degree of typological proximity of the studied traditions based on the analysis of one of the levels of the system of epic characters. The article reveals the close connection of the plots of the Karachay-Balkarian Nartiada and the Yakut epic Olonkho with the ritual and mythological context. In both traditions, a similar circle of characters in structure and functions is revealed — the patrons of the hero, attributed as deities (тейри, айыы таҥара) and also represented in the real religious and mythological practice of the bearers of traditions. Noticeable coincidences in the plots of the Karachay-Balkarian and Yakut epics are also found in the field of demonological conceptions. They have such common features as the chthonic kind and monstrous appearance of the antagonists of the hero, the presence in the plots of an expressive image of the mother of epic demons. These features stem from the general typological properties of the archaic heroic epic. At the same time, such features as the serpentomorphism of the chthonic demoness and the ‘landscape’ semantics of tropes applied to antagonists can be considered as genetically related elements, possibly dating back to the proto-Turkic mythological worldview.
Pier Paolo Pasolini in “Inostrannaia literatura” Journal
Authors:   Università degli Studi di Firenze, Jampol’skaja Anna V. ,   Maxim Gorky Institute of Literature and Creative Writing
Published: June 2024

The paper evaluates the contribution of the journal “Inostrannaia literatura” to the reception of P.P. Pasolini’s work in Russia. The research is based on an analysis of the archives of the journal and all published materials related to Pasolini in it, such as translations of his works, informational notes, articles by Ts. Kin, G. and A. Bogemskii, a Literary guide to the 100th anniversary of his birth. Reviewing the materials in chronological order allows us to trace how the attitude towards Pasolini has changed over time, in which measure his creative work has been covered. The publications in the journal do not reflect sufficiently the importance of Pasolini as one of the most original and multifaceted personalities in Italian literature and culture — poet, writer, philologist, literary critic, cinematographer, and influential intellectual — mainly because of the originality of his poetic and prosaic works, which did not correspond in Soviet times to the idea of progressive literature, Pasolini’s scandalous fame, and negative assessments given by authoritative critics. At the same time, the publications of the last years reflect the aspiration to fill this regrettable gap.
Enhancing publics’ COVID-19 vaccine advocacy on social media: the role of dialogic government communication
Authors: Lee Yeunjae
Published: June 2024

Based on dialogic and protection motivation theories, this study investigates the impact of governmental communication on publics’ vaccine advocacy on social media in the era of COVID-19 pandemic. Results of two online surveys at two different time points that include publics who are not vaccinated (Survey 1) and vaccinated (Survey 2) suggested that dialogic government communication fosters trust among the public, which in turn, influences their perceived threats of COVID-19 and efficacy in receiving the vaccine. Efficacy was positively associated with vaccine advocacy on social media for publics who are not vaccinated during the time when the vaccine was not widely available, whereas perceived threats were significantly related to vaccine advocacy for those vaccinated at the later stage of the pandemic. Theoretical and practical implications for the disciplines of communication and public relations are discussed.