bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finding the Shortest Path with Vertex Constraint over Large Graphs
Authors: Yang Yajun , Li Zhongfei , Wang Xin , Hu Qinghua
Published: February 2019

Graph is an important complex network model to describe the relationship among various entities in real applications, including knowledge graph, social network, and traffic network. Shortest path query is an important problem over graphs and has been well studied. This paper studies a special case of the shortest path problem to find the shortest path passing through a set of vertices specified by user, which is NP‐hard. Most existing methods calculate all permutations for given vertices and then find the shortest one from these permutations. However, the computational cost is extremely expensive when the size of graph or given set of vertices is large. In this paper, we first propose a novel exact heuristic algorithm in best‐first search way and then give two optimizing techniques to improve efficiency. Moreover, we propose an approximate heuristic algorithm in polynomial time for this problem over large graphs. We prove the ratio bound is 3 for our approximate algorithm. We confirm the efficiency of our algorithms by extensive experiments on real‐life datasets. The experimental results validate that our algorithms always outperform the existing methods even though the size of graph or given set of vertices is large.
Early-Life Microbiota Exposure Restricts Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell–Driven Colonic Tumorigenesis
Authors: Harusato Akihito , Viennois Emilie , Etienne-Mesmin Lucie , Matsuyama Shingo , Abo Hirohito , Osuka Satoru , Lukacs Nicholas W. , Naito Yuji , Itoh Yoshito , Li Jian-Dong , Merlin Didier , Gewirtz Andrew T. , Denning Timothy L.
Published: February 2019

Gut microbiota and their metabolites are instrumental in regulating homeostasis at intestinal and extraintestinal sites. However, the complex effects of prenatal and early postnatal microbial exposure on adult health and disease outcomes remain incompletely understood. Here, we showed that mice raised under germ-free conditions until weaning and then transferred to specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions harbored altered microbiota composition, augmented inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression, and were hyper-susceptible to colitis-associated tumorigenesis later in adulthood. Increased number and size of colon tumors and intestinal epithelial cell proliferation in recolonized germ-free mice were associated with augmented intratumoral CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL5 expression and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell (G-MDSC) accumulation. Consistent with these findings, CXCR2 neutralization in recolonized germ-free mice completely reversed the exacerbated susceptibility to colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Collectively, our findings highlight a crucial role for early-life microbial exposure in establishing intestinal homeostasis that restrains colon cancer in adulthood.
Targeted Delivery of IL2 to the Tumor Stroma Potentiates the Action of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors by Preferential Activation of NK and CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Hutmacher Cornelia , Gonzalo Núñez Nicolás , Liuzzi Anna Rita , Becher Burkhard , Neri Dario
Published: February 2019

Recombinant human IL2 is being considered as a combination partner for immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy, but the product only has a narrow therapeutic window. Therefore, we used F8-IL2, an antibody–IL2 fusion protein capable of selective localization to the tumor site, in combination with antibodies against murine CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1. In immunocompetent mice bearing CT26 tumors, the combination of F8-IL2 with CTLA-4 blockade was efficacious, leading to increased progression-free survival and protective immunity against subsequent tumor rechallenges. The combination with anti–PD-1 induced substantial tumor growth retardation, but tumor clearance was rare, whereas the combination with anti–PD-L1 exhibited the lowest activity. A detailed high-parametric single-cell analysis of the tumor leukocyte composition revealed that F8-IL2 had a strong impact on NK-cell activity without collateral immune activation in the systemic immune compartment, whereas CTLA-4 blockade led to significant changes in the T-cell compartment. Leukocyte depletion studies revealed that CD8+ T and NK cells were the main drivers of the therapeutic activity. We extended the experimental observations to a second model, treating MC38 tumor-bearing mice with F8-IL2 and/or CTLA-4 blockade. Only the combination treatment displayed potent anticancer activity, characterized by an increase in cytolytic CD8+ T and NK cells in tumors and draining lymph nodes. A decrease in the regulatory T cell frequency, within the tumors, was also observed. The results provide a rationale for the combined use of engineered IL2 therapeutics with immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer therapy.
A paz e transformação de conflitos em diversas perspectivas e práticas
Authors: Santos Heloisa
Published: February 2019

Resenha do livro Handbook of peace and conflict studies, de Charles Webel e Johan Galtung (Routledge, 2007, 406 pp.).
Reflexión sobre la migración transnacional y transcultural en el Estado de México desde la perspectiva de la paz y los conflictos
Authors: Forero Eduardo Andrés Sandoval
Published: February 2019

A complexidade de fenômenos sociais – como migração, pobreza, violência, desapropriação e conflitos, entre outros – é parte do repertório que constitui as particularidades próprias da sociedade globalizada do século XXI. Esse cenário se mostra como um referente de análise sobre as problemáticas que afetam diretamente os grupos em situação de vulnerabilidade e oprimidos de nossa época. Por essa razão, a necessidade de avançar nessa lógica orientada à reflexão crítica de fenômenos como migração transnacional e transcultural implica um desafio no âmbito da conceituação da referida temática a partir dos estudos para a paz e conflitos nos seus respectivos contextos e dinâmicas sociopolíticas de nossa América. Assim, a finalidade deste artigo é expor a relação teórica, conceitual e metodológica que existe entre migração, paz e conflito refletida no âmbito transnacional e transcultural que apresenta a experiência migratória da população do Estado do México. Uma das contribuições mais relevantes encontradas nesta pesquisa é ampla relação entre a perspectiva crítica de conceber a migração como fenômeno que articula o conflito, a violência e a paz e a emergência de estudos nesse campo de pesquisa social.
Violence, peace and peace research
Authors: Galtung Johan
Published: February 2019

Em sua trajetória como campo científico, a peace research ou “pesquisa para a paz” reconhece que definir “paz” é, de fato, uma parte importante de uma estratégia científica. Dessa forma, tem se dedicado a conceituar paz de forma ampla, dialógica e complexa, tal como diverso e complexo é o mundo. Do mesmo modo, conceituar a violência se torna tarefa igualmente complexa, uma vez que, mais importante do que chegar a uma definição ou a tipologias – pois há, obviamente, muitos tipos de violência –, indicar dimensões teoricamente significativas de violência é, efetivamente, fundamental, posto que pode nos levar a pensar, pesquisar e, potencialmente, agir diante dos problemas mais graves da humanidade. Se a peace action deve ser considerada porque é uma ação contra a violência, então o conceito de violência deve ser amplo o suficiente para incluir as variedades mais significativas e, além disso, deve ser específico o bastante para servir de base para uma ação concreta. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo pretende apresentar uma reflexão teórico-conceitual sobre paz e violência no contexto da perspectiva crítica dos estudos para a paz (peace studies).
Violência cultural, masculinidades e publicidade
Authors: Carvalho Alexandre de Sousa , Santos Sofia José
Published: February 2019

Mesmo em contextos de maior avanço na igualdade de gênero e com produtos que desafiam estereótipos, a publicidade tende a reafirmar o hegemônico, uma vez que privilegia o lucro em detrimento da transformação social. Isso pode implicar uma opção por estratégias de comunicação patriarcais, ainda que não desprovidas de hibridez, contribuindo para a perpetuação de violências. Para ilustrar esse fenômeno, aplicou-se a análise crítica de discurso e semiótica em cinco pôsteres da campanha “É de homem!”, lançada em Portugal pela marca L’Oréal.
Nut Consumption in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease Incidence and Mortality Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Liu Gang , Guasch-Ferré Marta , Hu Yang , Li Yanping , Hu Frank B. , Rimm Eric B. , Manson JoAnn E. , Rexrode Kathryn M. , Sun Qi
Published: February 2019

Rationale:

The evidence regarding the potential health benefits of nut consumption among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus is limited.

Objective:

To examine intake of total and specific types of nuts, including tree nuts and peanuts, in relation to subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease and stroke, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with diabetes mellitus.

Methods and Results:

This prospective analysis included 16 217 men and women with diabetes mellitus at baseline or diagnosed during follow-up (Nurses’ Health Study: 1980–2014, Health Professionals Follow-Up Study: 1986–2014). Nut consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and updated every 2 to 4 years. During 223 682 and 254 923 person-years of follow-up, there were 3336 incident CVD cases and 5682 deaths, respectively. Higher total nut consumption was associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence and mortality. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for participants who consumed 5 or more servings of total nuts per week (1 serving=28 g), compared with those who consumed <1 serving per month, were 0.83 (0.71–0.98;
P
trend=0.01) for total CVD incidence, 0.80 (0.67–0.96;
P
trend=0.005) for coronary heart disease incidence, 0.66 (0.52–0.84;
P
trend <0.001) for CVD mortality, and 0.69 (0.61–0.77;
P
trend <0.001) for all-cause mortality. Total nut consumption was not significantly associated with risk of stroke incidence or cancer mortality. For specific types of nuts, higher tree nut consumption was associated with lower risk of total CVD, coronary heart disease incidence, and mortality because of CVD, cancer, and all causes, whereas peanut consumption was associated with lower all-cause mortality only (all
P
trend <0.001). In addition, compared with participants who did not change the consumption of total nuts from pre- to post-diabetes mellitus diagnosis, participants who increased consumption of total nuts after diabetes mellitus diagnosis had an 11% lower risk of CVD, a 15% lower coronary heart disease risk, a 25% lower CVD mortality, and a 27% lower all-cause mortality. The associations persisted in subgroup analyses stratified by sex/cohort, body mass index at diabetes mellitus diagnosis, smoking status, diabetes mellitus duration, nut consumption before diabetes mellitus diagnosis, or diet quality.

Conclusions:

Higher consumption of nuts, especially tree nuts, is associated with lower CVD incidence and mortality among participants with diabetes mellitus. These data provide novel evidence that supports the recommendation of incorporating nuts into healthy dietary patterns for the prevention of CVD complications and premature deaths among individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Public Perceptions on Why Women Receive Less Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Than Men in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Perman Sarah M. , Shelton Shelby K. , Knoepke Christopher , Rappaport Kathryn , Matlock Daniel D. , Adelgais Kathleen , Havranek Edward P. , Daugherty Stacie L.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Women who suffer an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest receive bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) less often than men. Understanding public perceptions of why this occurs is a necessary first step toward equitable application of this potentially life-saving intervention.

Methods:

We conducted a national survey of members of the public using Mechanical Turk, Amazon’s crowdsourcing platform, to determine reasons why women might receive bystander CPR less often than men. Eligible participants were adults (≥18 years) located in the United States. Responses were excluded if the participant was not able to define CPR correctly. Participants were asked to answer the following free-text question: “Do you have any ideas on why women may be less likely to receive CPR than men when they collapse in public?” Descriptive statistics were used to define the cohort. The free-text response was coded using open coding, and major themes were identified via classical content analysis.

Results:

In total, 548 subjects were surveyed. Mean age was 38.8 years, and 49.8% were female. Participants were geographically distributed as follows: 18.5% West, 9.2% Southwest, 22.0% Midwest, 27.5% Southeast, and 22.9% Northeast. After analysis, 3 major themes were detected for why the public perceives that women receive less bystander CPR. They include the following: (1) sexualization of women’s bodies; (2) women are weak and frail and therefore prone to injury; and (3) misperceptions about women in acute medical distress. Overall, 41.9% (227) were trained in CPR while 4.4% reported having provided CPR in a medical emergency.

Conclusions:

Members of the general public perceive fears about inappropriate touching, accusations of sexual assault, and fear of causing injury as inhibiting bystander CPR for women. Educational and policy efforts to address these perceptions may reduce the sex differences in the application of bystander CPR.
Hypertension Development by Midlife and the Roles of Premorbid Cognitive Function, Sex, and Their Interaction
Authors: Altschul Drew M. , Wraw Christina , Der Geoff , Gale Catharine R. , Deary Ian J.
Published: February 2019

Higher early-life cognitive function is associated with better later-life health outcomes, including hypertension. Associations between higher prior cognitive function and less hypertension persist even when accounting for socioeconomic status, but socioeconomic status-hypertension gradients are more pronounced in women. We predicted that differences in hypertension development between sexes might be associated with cognitive function and its interaction with sex, such that higher early-life cognitive function would be associated with lower hypertension risk more in women than in men. We used accelerated failure time modeling with the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979. Cognitive function was assessed in youth, when participants were aged between 14 and 21 years. Of 2572 men and 2679 women who completed all assessments, 977 men and 940 women reported hypertension diagnoses by 2015. Socioeconomic status in youth and adulthood were investigated as covariates, as were components of adult socioeconomic status: education, occupational status, and family income. An SD of higher cognitive function in youth was associated with reduced hypertension risk (acceleration factor: ĉ=0.97; 95% CI, 0.96–0.99;
P
=0.001). The overall effect was stronger in women (sex×cognitive function: ĉ=0.97; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99;
P
=0.010); especially, higher functioning women were less at risk than their male counterparts. This interaction was itself attenuated by a sex by family income interaction. People with better cognitive function in youth, especially women, are less likely to develop hypertension later in life. Income differences accounted for these associations. Possible causal explanations are discussed.
Improving Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Aguilar David
Published: February 2019

See Article by
Raghavan et al
Time to Loading Dose and Risk of Recurrent Events in the SOCRATES Trial
Authors: Molina Carlos A. , Johnston S. Claiborne , Ladenvall Per , Amarenco Pierre , Albers Gregory W. , Denison Hans , Easton J. Donald , Evans Scott R. , Held Peter , Knutsson Mikael , Minematsu Kazuo , Röther Joachim , Wang Yongjun , Wong K.S. Lawrence ,   for the SOCRATES Steering Committee and Investigators
Published: February 2019

Background and Purpose—

Recurrent ischemia risk is high in the acute period after cerebral ischemic events. Effects of antiplatelet agents may vary by time to loading dose (TLD). We explored the risk of recurrent events and safety and efficacy of ticagrelor versus aspirin in relation to TLD.

Methods—

We randomized 13 199 patients with noncardioembolic, nonsevere ischemic stroke, or high-risk transient ischemic attack to 90-day ticagrelor or aspirin treatment within 24 hours of symptom onset. For this analysis, 13 126 patients were categorized by TLD as <12 hours or ≥12 hours from start of index event. The primary end point was the composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, or death within 90 days. Major bleeding was the primary safety end point.

Results—

TLD was <12 hours in 4403 (33.5%) and ≥12 hours in 8723 (66.5%). The Kaplan-Meier% for the primary end point for all patients with TLD<12 hours was 7.5% versus 6.9% in TLD≥12 hours. Among patients with TLD<12 hours, the primary end point occurred in 147/2196 (6.8%) randomized to ticagrelor and in 184/2207 (8.3%) randomized to aspirin (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64–0.98;
P
=0.036). Among patients with TLD≥12 hours, the primary end point occurred in 6.7% patients randomized to ticagrelor versus 7.0% to aspirin (hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.81–1.12;
P
=0.55). There was no significant treatment-by-TLD interaction. Major bleeding rates were comparable on ticagrelor and aspirin, regardless of TLD.

Conclusions—

The event rate for the primary end point was higher in patients treated early (<12 hours) versus later (≥12 hours). In this exploratory analysis, a larger numerical difference in the primary end point was observed among patients on ticagrelor than on aspirin when TLD was <12 hours compared with ≥12 hours, although the interaction terms for treatment-by-TLD were not significant. For major bleeding, no relation to TLD was observed.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01994720.
Hieracia balcanica XIV. Two new species in Hieracium sect. Cernua (Asteraceae) from Bulgaria
Authors: SZELĄG ZBIGNIEW
Published: February 2019

Two apomictic, polyploid (x=9) species in Hieracium sect. Cernua are described from Bulgaria, and illustrated with photos of the holotypes. These are H. gussevii (3x) from the Vitosha Mountains, which combines the morphological features of H. sparsum and H. robustum, and H. vladimirovii (4x) from the Stara Planina Mountains, of presumably hybrid origin between H. cernuum and H. olympicum.
Thrips atactus (Thysanoptera, Thripidae): first records of the male and host plant, intercepted in quarantine at Japan
Authors: MASUMOTO MASAMI , MINOURA KAZUSHIGE
Published: February 2019

Thrips atactus Bhatti was described from a single female taken without host data at Sibpore, West Bengal (Bhatti, 1967, 1980), and this has remained the only known specimen apart from some adults recorded by Palmer (1992) from Nepal. Thus no biological information is available about this species. In Japanese plant quarantine, this species has been intercepted several times on Eryngium foetidum [Umbelliferae] from Laos and Thailand, also on roses from Nepal. Moreover, a male adult was intercepted recently together with a female adult. The male adult is here described for the first time, and the host plant recorded. The specimens were intercepted on imported plants by plant quarantine inspectors at Narita airport and Chubu airport, Japan. Thereafter, all specimens were mounted into Canada balsam after dehydration through an ethanol series, and slide mounted for microscope study. Abbreviations as follows are used: CB=Chubu airport, CPS=campaniform sensorium, NR=Narita airport.
Panorpodes kuandianensis, a new species of short-faced scorpionflies (Mecoptera, Panorpodidae) from Liaoning, China
Authors: ZHONG WEN , ZHANG JUN-XIA , HUA BAO-ZHEN
Published: February 2019

Panorpodes kuandianensis, a new species of short-faced scorpionflies (family Panorpodidae), is described and illustrated from Kuandian County, Liaoning Province, northeastern China. It is the third species of Panorpodidae from China, and can be separated from its congeners by the following combination of characters: wings with blackish brown markings; vein R 4+5 much shorter than half the length of R 2+3 ; hypovalve expanded apically with an almost truncated apex, shorter than the stalk, and with more than ten black spines along the apical inner margin. A key to species of Panorpodes is updated to include the new species.
Stegoelmis Hinton, 1939 (Coleoptera: Elmidae: Elminae) in Brazil: two new species and a key to the Brazilian species
Authors: FERNANDES ANDRÉ S. , PASSOS MARIA INÊS S. , HAMADA NEUSA
Published: February 2019

Two new species of the genus Stegoelmis Hinton, 1939, S. figueiredoensis sp. nov. from Amazonas State, Brazil and S. shepardi sp. nov. from Roraima State, Brazil and Saint Laurent Du Maroni, French Guiana, are described and illustrated based on adult specimens. This work also provides a taxonomic key to males of Stegoelmis species known from Brazil.
Description of a new deep-water species of Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 from the Gulf of Mexico (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae)
Authors: ANKER ARTHUR , NIZINSKI MARTHA
Published: February 2019

A new deep-water species of the snapping shrimp genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 is described from two offshore localities in the northern Gulf of Mexico, south of Louisiana. Alpheus lentiginosus n. sp. belongs to the A. macrocheles (Hailstone, 1835) species group and is most closely related to the western Atlantic A. pouang Christoffersen, 1979 and A. amblyonyx Chace 1972, the eastern Atlantic A. platydactylus Coutière, 1897 and A. macrocheles (Hailstone, 1835), and perhaps also to the eastern Pacific A. exilis Kim & Abele, 1988. The new species is associated with deep-water soft sediments adjacent to clusters of Lophelia pertusa (L.) (Scleractinia) or mud-covered rocks and cobble, at a depth range of 336–438 m, thus representing the deepest-known record of the Alpheidae in the Gulf of Mexico and the entire western Atlantic.
A new genus and two new species of Orthotylinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) from central Australia
Authors: NAMYATOVA ANNA A. , ELIAS MICHAEL , CASSIS GERASIMOS
Published: February 2019

Witchelinamiris gen.nov. and W. mchughi sp. nov. and W. viridimaculatus sp. nov. are described as new to science. Digital images, scanning electron micrographs, and illustrations of the male genitalia are provided for both species, and illustrations of the female genitalia are provided for W. viridimaculatus. Information on collection methods and host plants is included.
Matrona taoi spec. nov., a new damselfly species from northern Vietnam (Odonata: Calopterygidae)
Authors: PHAN QUOC TOAN , HÄMÄLÄINEN MATTI
Published: February 2019

Matrona taoi Phan & Hämäläinen, spec. nov. (holotype ♂ , from Vietnam, Phu Tho province, Xuan Son National Park, Xom Coi, alt. 442 m, 15 xi 2010, deposited in Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Hanoi) is described from both sexes, illustrated and compared with other species in the genus.
Two new species of Hilara (Diptera, Empididae) from northwestern Turkey
Authors: ÇIFTÇI MUSTAFA CEMAL , HASBENLI ABDULLAH
Published: February 2019

Two new species, Hilara deryae sp. nov. (Hilara clavipes-group) and Hilara hasankoci sp. nov. (Hilara interstincta- group) are described from northwestern Turkey. The male and female stages are described, compared with related species and male genitalia and forelegs illustrated. Keys to the western Palaearctic species of Hilara clavipes-group and the Mediterranean species of Hilara interstincta-group are updated. Also the systematic position of the new species within the species groups is discussed.
A new species of bent-toed gecko (Cyrtodactylus, Gekkonidae) from the North Papuan Mountains
Authors: OLIVER PAUL , KREY KELIOPAS , _ MUMPUNI , RICHARDS STEPHEN
Published: February 2019

We describe a new species of Cyrtodactylus from lower montane forests on the Torricelli and Foja Mountain ranges of northern New Guinea. Cyrtodactylus boreoclivus sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other described Cyrtodactylus by the combination of moderately large size (SVL 104–109 mm), males with pores extending to the knee and arranged in independent precloacal and femoral series, transversely enlarged subcaudal scales, and dorsal pattern consisting of five to seven indistinct transverse dark bands. The known distribution of this species is similar to many other vertebrate taxa apparently restricted to isolated ranges within the North Papuan Mountains, and supports the biogeographic association of these poorly known upland areas.
Pteroptyx maipo Ballantyne, a new species of bent-winged firefly (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) from Hong Kong, and its relevance to firefly biology and conservation
Authors: BALLANTYNE LESLEY , FU XIN HUA , SHIH CHUN-HAT , CHENG CHUI-YU , YIU VOR
Published: February 2019

Pteroptyx maipo sp. nov. is the first record of the genus Pteroptyx Olivier from mainland China and Hong Kong and represents the most northerly record for this genus. The description includes all life stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult, and covers special structures such as the female bursa plates and male copulatory clamp. Details of habitat, male courtship flash patterns and male-female courtship behaviour are described. This species is the second in the genus Pteroptyx found to use a copulatory clamp, which functions to wedge the mating pair together. A complete clamp however does not appear necessary for successful insemination. Bursa plates hold the spermatophore partially projecting into a spermatophore-digesting gland. Other functions for the plates are investigated and discussed. The deflexed elytral apex appears after eclosion in the adult male. Mechanisms for the loss of ventrite 8 in the male abdomen are explored. A list of the 30 Pteroptyx species recognised here, with habitats, some morphological characteristics and a key to species of the Oriental Pteroptyx are provided.
Two new records of the tribe Cardiastethini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) from the Korean Peninsula
Authors: JUNG SUNGHOON , LEE SEUNGHWAN
Published: February 2019

The tribe Cardiastethini Carayon 1972 belongs in the family Anthocoridae (Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha). As with other anthocorid flower bugs, the members of the Cardiastethini prey on small arthropods. The predaceous habits of many anthocorids have attracted the attention of researchers who work in agro-ecosystems (e.g., biological control; Lattin 1999).
Three new species of Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 from Iran (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)
Authors: BAIOCCHI DANIELE
Published: February 2019

Three new species of Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 endemic to Iran, Anthaxia (Anthaxia) magnanii n. sp., Anthaxia (Hap- lanthaxia) mannaea n. sp. and Anthaxia (Cratomerus) meda n. sp., along with the creation of the Anthaxia parvula species-group, are proposed and illustrated. The new taxa are compared to their most similar species and data about their distribution, bionomy and taxonomic position are given, together with a short definition of the new species-group.
Contribution to the taxonomy of the Hylaeus gibbus species group in Europe (Hymenoptera, Apoidea and Colletidae)
Authors: STRAKA JAKUB , BOGUSCH PETR
Published: February 2019

We redescribe and present new diagnoses of the Hylaeus gibbus group in Europe. Species of this group were often confused with each other. Our method of distinguishing between the species is based on dividing three commonly recognised species into four. We present diagnoses and list the characteristics of Hylaeus confusus Nylander, 1852; Hylaeus gibbus Saunders, 1850; and Hylaeus pictus (Smith, 1853). For the newly characterised form, one of Förster's available names has been resurrected—Hylaeus incongruus Förster, 1871. Hylaeus gibbus occurs only in southern Europe and northern to southern parts of central Europe, while H. incongruus reaches more northern latitudes. Types of the most problematic and poorly described forms were examined. Some names of clearly lost types were fixed by designating neotypes.
Erratum: Nemésio, A. & Ferrari, R.R. (2011) Species of Euglossa (Glossura) and E. (Glossuropoda) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) occurring in the Amazon, including new records for Brazil. Zootaxa, 2885, 1–13.
Authors: NEMÉSIO A. , FERRARI R. R.
Published: February 2019

(Erratum)
Cydnocoris Stål, 1866 (Insecta: Heteroptera: Reduviidae): a junior synonym of Cutocoris Stål, 1859
Authors: SWANSON DANIEL R.
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this note is to review the usage of the generic names Cutocoris Stål, 1859 and Cydnocoris Stål, 1866 (type species: Myocoris gilvus Burmeister, 1838) for a genus of harpactorine assassin bugs from the Oriental Region, the latter being an unnecessary replacement name proposed for the former. Although Cutocoris Stål, 1859 has been used rarely since its replacement and Cydnocoris is undoubtedly in prevailing usage, it is demonstrated that neither name has been used extensively in the last century; thus, the case for suppression of Cutocoris Stål, 1859 lacks strong support. As a consequence, Cydnocoris Stål, 1866 is replaced by its senior synonym, Cutocoris Stål, 1859.
Name-bearing types of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea), in the National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh
Authors: BLAND KEITH P.
Published: February 2019

This article documents 91 species-group names of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) for which either primary or secondary type material is present in the collections of the National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh. The describers and the 76 nominal taxa they descibed are as follows: H. Druce (1846–1913) Euphaedra COOKSONI, Mycalesis HAROLDI; H.H. Druce (1869–1922) Cyclopides COOKSONI, Spindasis KALLIMON; H.J. Elwes (1846–1922) Parnassius delphius ssp. INFERNALIS; J.C. Fabricius (1745–1808) Papilio COCALIA (“neotype”), Papilio MARDANIA (“neotype”); H. Fruhstorfer (1866–1922) Parnassius mnemosyne ssp. MELAINA; D.R. Gifford (1918–1981) Leptomyrina HANDMANI, Alaena LAMBORNI, Deudorix (Virachola) MAGDA, Papilio ophidicephalus ssp. MKUWADZI; J.B. Godart (1775–1825) Idea AGELIA, Danais ALCATHOE, Cethosia ALIPHERA, Danais ALOPIA, Danais BAUDINIANA, Papilio BITIAS, Argynnis BRIAREA, Heliconia CLEOBAEA, Danais CLEOPHILE, Danais CLEOTHERA, Heliconia CYRBIA, Pieris DOXO, Pieris EPICHARIS, Pieris ERIPHIA, Heliconia ETHILLA, Heliconia EUCLEA, Papilio EURYMAS, Pieris GIDICA, Argynnis HEGEMONE, Satyrus HYSIUS, Papilio IMERIUS, Acraea JANISCA, Pieris JOSEPHINA, Vanessa LAODORA, Papilio LEUCASPIS, Papilio LYCORAEUS, Vanessa LYTREA, Heliconia MEGARA, Heliconia MELPHIS, Libythea MYRRHA, Acraea OZOMENE, Pieris PHISADIA, Papilio POLYMETUS, Danais PROTHOE, Argynnis PYGMAEA, Pieris PYRO, Pieris SALACIA, Acraea SERVONA, Papilio TEMENES, Papilio TEREAS, Libythea TERENA, Biblis THADANA, Argynnis THAROSSA, Papilio TRIOPAS, Pieris VENILIA, Vanessa VULCANIA, Acraea ZETHEA, Acraea ZIDORA, Acraea ZOSTERIA; C.W.N. Holmes (1916–2018) Bebearia paludicola ssp. BLANDI, Bebearia cocalioides ssp. HECQI, Bebearia orientis ssp. MALAWIENSIS, Bebearia PALUDICOLA; E.G. Honrath (1837–1893) Parnassius bremeri ssp. GRAESERI, Parnassius nordmanni var. MINIMA; W.J. Kaye (1875–1967) Hesperocharis LAMONTI; F. Moore (1830–1907) Neptis ADARA, Abisara ANGULATA, Lebadea ATTENUATA, Ixias CITRINA, Euploea LIMBORGII, Papilio ONPAPE, Cirrhochroa SURYA; W.F.H. Rosenberg & G. Talbot (1914) Dismorphia orise ssp. DENIGRATA.        The secondary type material (number of species in brackets) originates from H. Carcasson (1), M. Cock (1), J. B. Godart (7), W. J. Kaye (1), O. Kudrna (3) and M. B. Usher (2).
Revalidation of a moray eel, Gymnothorax mucifer Snyder, 1904 (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Muraenidae), with a revised distribution
Authors: HUANG WEN-CHIEN , CHEN HONG-MING , LIAO TE-YU
Published: February 2019

Gymnothorax mucifer Snyder, 1904 has been synonymized with G. kidako (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) since 2000. Examination of material from Hawaii (type locality) and Taiwan reveal that G. mucifer is a valid species based on morphological and molecular data. It can be distinguished from G. kidako by a plainly colored lower jaw (vs. mottled), white margin of the anal fin replaced by serial pale blotches posteriorly on the tail (vs. white margin continuous to tip of tail), more dentary teeth (17–27 vs. 16–20), and fewer total vertebrae (130–141 vs. 140–143). In the present study, a redescription of G. mucifer is provided, and the distribution of G. mucifer and G. kidako is reevaluated.
The first species of Scydmoraphes (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae) in China
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: February 2019

Scydmoraphes Reitter, 1891 is a Palaearctic genus with 120 species (Schülke & Smetana 2015; Jałoszyński 2015a); its morphological structures were illustrated by Jałoszyński (2015b, c). Distribution of over 90 species is restricted to one country in the western part of the region, the remaining species occur in a few countries each, also mainly in the western Palaearctic. Only three species have a broader distribution within Europe, each in about 20 countries. In Asia, most species are restricted to its western areas (mainly Turkey), with only two species recorded from South Asia (northern Pakistan), one broadly distributed Eurasian species (S. minutus Chaudoir, 1845) found in the Russian Far East, and one species inhabiting the Japanese mainland (Jałoszyński 2004; Schülke & Smetana 2015). The first member of Scydmoraphes is here recorded from China.
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopic (LIBS) Analysis of Trace Heavy Metals Enriched by Al2O3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Niu Sheng , Zheng Lijuan , Qayyum Khan Abdul , Zeng Heping
Published: February 2019

We demonstrated a unique method for the detection of heavy metals, such as Ni, Cr, and Cd, at trace level in aqueous solutions by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) enriched by aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles (NP) adsorption. Al2O3 NPs were used for the sample phase transformation and heavy metals pre-concentration because of its excellent adsorption capacity and sparse spectral lines. The influence of laser wavelength and laser irradiance on the signal intensity was investigated. With 45 mL solutions used for enrichment and adsorption, limits of detection obtained for Ni, Cr, and Cd were 9.61, 8.49, and 71.6 μg/L under 532 nm laser ablation, and 22.5, 20.4, and 83.8 μg/L under 1064 nm laser ablation, respectively. The relative standard deviations of all elements were about 12% or 13%. Moreover, Al2O3 NPs adsorption enrichment of target elements was verified and the detection sensitivity was improved by increasing the amount of sample solutions.
Experimental and numerical study of the RC beams shear-strengthened with NSM technique
Authors: Mostofinejad Davood , Esfahani Mohammad Reza , Shomali Amir
Published: February 2019

The present paper examines the structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened in shear through near surface mounted (NSM) technique experimentally and simulates their behavior using finite element analysis. Then, the effect of using concrete with different compressive strengths and varying ratios of steel transverse reinforcements is studied using parametric analyses. In the experimental section, four reinforced concrete beams are cast with and without stirrups to study the effect of NSM technique as a shear strengthening method. For this purpose, specimens with the dimensions 2000 × 300×200 mm are prepared and are tested in four point loading up to failure. The load–displacement curves of the mid-span as well as failure mechanisms of the beams are then compared. The experimental results indicate that NSM technique increases the shear capacity up to 69% and 41% in the beams with and without stirrups, respectively. Moreover, in NSM strengthened specimens, ductility decreases for both beams with and without stirrups in comparison to the controls. Also, finite element case analyses through modeling the bond behavior between concrete and CFRP show that as the compressive strength of concrete decreases, the probability of de-bonding increases; furthermore, as the internal shear reinforcement ratio increases, the axial strain of CFRP decreases.
Progress in Marketing Research
Authors: Taylor Malcolm D.
Published: February 2019

Members of the Associations are requested to supply the Chairman with summaries of all marketing research projects that are under way, or that have been completed recently, so that these can be included in the next issue of the journal. Brief abstracts of doctoral dissertations based on marketing research should be sent in also.
Identifying the level of major power support signaled for protégés: A latent measure approach
Authors: McManus Roseanne W , Nieman Mark David
Published: February 2019

Major powers signal support for protégés in order to reassure them and deter harm against them. Yet, it is not always clear how to identify who a major power’s protégés are or the degree of support signaled. Major powers have a variety of complementary signals to choose among, including alliances, arms transfers, joint military exercises, and others. It can be difficult to weigh the importance of individual signals, especially since different major powers do not deploy each signal in the same way. We address this challenge using a Bayesian latent measurement model, which provides a theoretically coherent means of identifying the overall level of support signaled by a major power for a protégé. Our approach yields a cross-sectional time-series dataset, providing a continuous measure of the degree of support signaled by major powers for all minor powers from 1950 to 2012. Our model also provides insights regarding which signals of support are most informative when sent by each major power. We find considerable variation among major powers regarding which of their signals are most meaningful, but in general alliances and military exercises tend to be among the most important signals. In further applications using our latent measure, we also assess under which conditions major powers are likely to increase their signals of support for protégés, as well as predict whether a major power will intervene in conflicts involving its protégés.
Palestinian refugee women and the Jenin refugee camp: Reflections on urbicide and the dilemmas of home in exile
Authors: Bleibleh Sahera , Perez Michael Vicente , Bleibleh Thaira
Published: February 2019

In March 2002, the Israeli military launched its most lethal attack on the West Bank since 1967. In the Jenin refugee camp, the assault included the deliberate destruction of homes and infrastructure including the entire Hawashin neighbourhood. This article considers the memories of Palestinian women who survived the urbicidal war on Jenin and confronted the difficulties of reconstruction. It shows how women enacted particular forms of agency during the siege that do not fit into discussions of urbicide or national resistance. Our analysis also examines the reconstruction of the Jenin camp to understand how its transformation reveals its significance for Palestinian women at both the levels of the home and the urban camp. We argue that the meaning of the camp is inseparable from the different ways it is inhabited. Thus for Palestinian women, the spatial reconfiguration of homes during the reconstruction of the camp permanently erased the experience of sociality once lived by women before the attack. This not only reproduced the effects of the urbicide but also disturbed the ways women inhabited the camp and provoked fears that it could be transformed into a permanent space and thus preclude the possibility of the right of return in the future.
Neighbourhood change and the neighbourhood-school gap
Authors: Candipan Jennifer
Published: February 2019

Few studies examine how school and neighbourhood composition in the US correspond over time, particularly in a context of neighbourhood change. As neighbourhoods diversify along racial and economic lines, do public schools also diversify or grow increasingly dissimilar from their surrounding areas? Drawing on novel data linking neighbourhoods and schools in the US in 2000 and 2010, I document: how racial composition corresponds over time between traditional public schools and the neighbourhoods they serve; how the compositional gap changes when greater school choice is available; and how the compositional gap varies between neighbourhoods experiencing various trajectories of socioeconomic change. I find an increasing mismatch in the white composition of public schools and their surrounding neighbourhoods, specifically that schools enrol fewer white students than the composition of the neighbourhood. The compositional mismatch grows the most in neighbourhoods experiencing socioeconomic ascent, particularly as the number of nearby non-neighbourhood schools increases.
W(h)ither the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)? W(h)ither constructivism? Fixity of norms and the ASEAN Way
Authors: Collins Alan
Published: February 2019

This article uses the reflection on the direction (whither) and health (wither) of constructivism and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) that was witnessed in 2017 to see what these deliberations reveal about the fixity of norms and their contestation. The argument presented is that constitutive norms create fixed parameters of shared understandings but that within those parameters the meaning and application of the norm can be contested and debated. This insight helps to bridge the gap between conventional and critical constructivists and shows that the premise of jettisoning the ASEAN Way as necessary for ASEAN to achieve its ambitious community-building project is flawed. The argument relies on insights from the constructivist literature on norm degeneration to show how contestation is not one part of a norm’s life cycle but rather a constant companion. However, norms are not just contested, but they have fixity, and here practice theory can help show that the social world is just as much about continuity as it is change. The ASEAN case study is timely as introspection about the efficacy of its constitutive norms – the ASEAN Way – was prominent in 2017 as ASEAN turned 50.
City-regions reconsidered
Authors: Scott Allen J.
Published: February 2019

I seek to provide an overview of the historical and geographical emergence of city-regions and to reflect on some of the debates that have arisen in regard to the theoretical status of these phenomena. I briefly describe the growth and spread of city-regions in the world since the mid-1950s and I consider how contemporary capitalism and globalization have fostered the development of this distinctive urban form. The internal organization of city-regions is then examined, with special reference to four generic outcomes: (1) aestheticized land-use intensification; (2) gentrification; (3) social polarization and informality; and (4) postsuburban landscapes. Issues of governance and policy are scrutinized and basic dilemmas of political coordination in city-regions are described. The argument ends with an evaluative review of certain critiques of the city-region idea in the current academic literature.
Industrialization and Profit-Rate Analysis in Indonesia
Authors: Nofrian Fachru
Published: February 2019

This work looks at the contribution of profit-rate analysis to explain the industrialization process in economics. Using Indonesia for empirical study, we observe a link between the profit rate and international industrialization strategy. Elements of profit rate are discussed, including profit share, labor coefficient, and capital productivity. Elements of the industrialization process are also examined; specifically, gross import substitution, domestic supply growth, and ratio of import substitution. New period categorizations are made, demonstrating changes in the long run. We argue that profit-rate fluctuation has served to explain the success or failure of the industrialization process. This paper identifies two dimensions to this process. First, it argues that industrialization is achieved if the domestic market is established as indicated by a higher profit rate in the period when import substitution is high. Second, the establishment of a home market can occur by adopting the import substitution strategy, including output, investment, and labor. The adoption of import substitution can tackle the sectoral analysis of industrialization because it assumes the formation of a production pattern in domestic economy.

JEL Classification: E220, E230, E240, E310, O110, O140
The Potential Clinical Implications and Importance of Drug Interactions Between Anticancer Agents and Cannabidiol in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Opitz Brandon J. , Ostroff Marissa L. , Whitman Arin C.
Published: February 2019

The objective of this review was to identify and examine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between cannabidiol (CBD)-only products, such as CBD oil, and anticancer agents. A literature search of PubMed (1980 to September 2018) and the Cochrane Collection (1980 to September 2018) was performed using the following search terms: “cannabidiol,” “cancer,” “cannabis,” “marijuana,” and “interaction,” as well as any combination of these terms. Literature was excluded if it did not appear in the search when limited to the “full text” filter on PubMed, if it was not published in the English language, or if it did not explore potential pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic interactions of CBD and anticancer agents. There were 10 studies that met these inclusion criteria. The majority of the facts regarding the interactions with CBD were found using in vitro studies and the true in vivo implications are not well-known. Minimal data were available regarding the interactions between CBD and anticancer agents. However, pharmacists should always consider the possibility of interactions and their consequences whenever they are aware of a patient using CBD products.
Theoretical and experimental investigation on controlled synchronization of four co-rotating coupled exciters driven by induction motors in a vibrating system
Authors: Gu Dawei , Zhang Juqian , Wen Bangchun , Zhang Xueliang , Liu Yunshan
Published: February 2019

This paper aims at theoretically and experimentally investigating the controlled synchronization of four co-rotating coupled exciters in a vibrating system driven by induction motors. Using the Lagrange's equations, the motion equations of the vibrating system are derived. Combining the dynamic model of an induction motor with the dynamic model of a vibrating system, an electromechanical coupling model is developed. By virtue of the average method of modified small parameters and the Routh–Hurwitz principle, the self-synchronization criterion for four exciters and the stability criterion of synchronous states are obtained. Based on the numerical results, the stable inphase motion of four exciters fails to be implemented by means of self-synchronization, and as a result, the desired motion type of the vibrating system cannot be realized. Hence, the controlled synchronization is introduced into the vibrating system. Owing to the coupling characteristics of the vibrating system, the control challenge can be turned into a synchronization control problem between four exciters driven by induction motors. To perform the synchronized motion of zero phase differences between four exciters, sliding mode control algorithm and field-oriented control method on four induction motors are applied to develop the controlled synchronization scheme by adopting the master–slave control strategy. The stability of the closed loop system is proved by Lyapunov theorem. Experiments on a corresponding controlled synchronization bedstand are performed to examine the effectiveness of the developed controllers, including a comparison with self-synchronization method. Additionally, experimental results show the robustness of the proposed control scheme against the influence of parameter perturbations and external disturbances. The controlled synchronization method provides a novel approach to the development of vibrating machines.