bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonconventional driving force for selective oxidative C–C coupling reaction due to concurrent and curious formation of Ag0
Authors: Bhanderi Khushboo , Ghalsasi Prasanna S. , Inoue Katsuya
Published: January 2021

Is it possible to ‘explore’ metal’s intrinsic property—a cohesive interaction—which naturally transform M0 into an aggregate or a particle or film for driving oxidative C–C bond formation? With this intention, reduction of [Ag(NH3)2]+ to Ag0 with concurrent oxidation of different phenols/naphthols to biphenyls was undertaken. The work is originated during careful observation of an undergraduate experiment—Tollens’ test—where silver mirror film deposition takes place on the walls of borosilicate glass test tube. When the same reaction was carried out in polypropylene (plastic-Eppendorf) tube, we observed aggregation of Ag0 leading to floating Ag-particles but not silver film deposition. This prompted us to carry out challenging cross-coupling reaction by ONLY changing the surface of the reaction flask from glass to plastic to silicones. To our surprise, we observed good selective oxidative homo-coupling on Teflon surface while cross-coupling in Eppendorf vial. Thus, we propose that the formation of biphenyl is driven by the macroscopic growth of Ag0 into [Ag-particle] orchestrated by Ag…Ag cohesive interaction. To validate results, experiments were also performed on gram scale. More importantly, oxidation of β-naphthol carried out in quartz (chiral) tube which yielded slight enantioselective excess of BINOL. Details are discussed.
Trends in mortality rate in patients with congenital heart disease undergoing noncardiac surgical procedures at children’s hospitals
Authors: Nasr Viviane G. , Staffa Steven J. , Faraoni David , DiNardo James A.
Published: January 2021

Advances made in pediatric cardiology, cardiac surgery and critical care have significantly improved the survival rate of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) leading to an increase in children with CHD presenting for noncardiac surgical procedures. This study aims (1) to describe the trend and perioperative mortality rates in patients with CHD undergoing noncardiac surgical procedures at children’s hospitals over the past 5 years and (2) to describe the patient characteristics and the most common type of surgical procedures. The Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) is an administrative database that contains inpatient, observation, and outpatient surgical data from 52 freestanding children’s hospitals. Thirty-nine of the 52 hospitals submitted data on all types of patient encounters for the duration of the study from 2015 to 2019. The total numbers of non-cardiac surgical encounters among patients with history of a CHD diagnosis significantly increased each year from 38,272 in 2015 to 45,993 in 2019 (P < 0.001). Despite the increase in case numbers, there has been a significant decline in mortality rates to the most recent incidence of 1.06% in 2019. Careful patient selection and medical optimization of patients aligned with specific expertise at dedicated children’s hospitals may lead to improvement in mortality rate. Future studies comparing the outcomes of patients with cardiac disease based on hospital type and volume as well as type of providers may help determine the future of care including potential need for regionalization of noncardiac care for this vulnerable patient population.
No fitness cost associated with Asn-2041-Ile mutation in winter wild oat (Avena ludoviciana) seed germination under various environmental conditions
Authors: Hassanpour-bourkheili Saeid , Gherekhloo Javid , Kamkar Behnam , Ramezanpour S. Sanaz
Published: January 2021

Knowledge about the fitness cost imposed by herbicide resistance in weeds is instrumental in devising integrated management methods. The present study investigated the germination response of ACCase-resistant (R) and susceptible (S) winter wild oat under different environmental conditions. The DNA of the plants was sequenced after being extracted and purified. The segregated F2 seeds were subjected to various temperatures, water potentials, NaCl concentrations, different pHs, darkness conditions, and burial depths. The results of the sequencing indicated that Ile-2041-Asn mutation is responsible for the evolution of resistance in the studied winter wild oat plants. The seeds were able to germinate over a wide range of temperatures, osmotic potentials, NaCl concentrations, and pHs. Germination percentage of R and S seeds under dark and light conditions was similar and ranged from 86.3 to 88.3%. The highest emergence percentage for both R and S plants was obtained in 0, 1, and 2 cm depths and ranged from 66.6 to 70.3%. In overall, no differences were observed in the germination response between the R and S winter wild oat plants under all studied conditions. No fitness cost at seed level indicates that control of R winter wild oats is more difficult, and it is essential to adopt crop and herbicide rotation to delay the further evolution of resistance.
Nanoscale chemical speciation of β-amyloid/iron aggregates using soft X-ray spectromicroscopy
Authors: Everett James , Brooks Jake , Collingwood Joanna F. , Telling Neil D.
Published: January 2021

Nanoscale resolution X-ray spectromicroscopy shows the co-incubation of β-amyloid (Aβ) and iron(iii) to result in aggregate structures displaying nanoscale heterogeneity in Aβ and iron chemistry, including the formation of potentially cytotoxic Fe0.
Synthesis of tautomerization-inhibited diamino substituted tetraphenylethene derivatives with different mechanochromisms: the vital role of chlorine
Authors: Li Xin , Zhou Linsen , Cheng Zheng , Ran Qichao , Wang Xu , Zhuang Yongbing , Luo Longbo , Liu Xiangyang
Published: January 2021

By introducing chlorine, pure geometric Z/E-2Cl-2NH2-TPE molecules were tautomerization-inhibited and the mechanism of non-tautomerization was clarified. Structure-dependent mechanochromism properties were established.
Plasma flows and sound-speed perturbations in the average supergranule
Authors: Korda David , Švanda Michal
Published: January 2021

Context. Supergranules create a peak in the spatial spectrum of photospheric velocity features. Even though they have some properties of convection cells, their origin is still being debated in the literature. The time–distance helioseismology constitutes a method that is suitable for investigating the deep structure of supergranules.

Aims. Our aim is to construct the model of the flows in the average supergranular cell using fully consistent time–distance inverse methodology.

Methods. We used the Multi-Channel Subtractive Optimally Localised Averaging inversion method with regularisation of the cross-talk. We combined the difference and the mean travel-time averaging geometries. We applied this methodology to travel-time maps averaged over more than 104 individual supergranular cells. These cells were detected automatically in travel-time maps computed for 64 quiet days around the disc centre. The ensemble averaging method allows us to significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio and to obtain a clear picture of the flows in the average supergranule.

Results. We found near-surface divergent horizontal flows which quickly and monotonously weakened with depth; they became particularly weak at the depth of about 7 Mm, where they even apparently switched sign. The amplitude of the ‘reversed’ flow was comparable to the background flows. The inverted vertical flows and sound-speed perturbations were spoiled by unknown systematic errors. To learn about the vertical component, we integrated the continuity equation from the surface. The derived estimates of the vertical flow depicted a sub-surface increase from about 5 m s−1 at the surface to about 35 m s−1 at the depth of about 3 Mm followed by a monotonous decrease to greater depths. The vertical flow remained positive (an upflow) and became indistinguishable from the background at the depth of about 15 Mm. We further detected a systematic flow in the longitudinal direction. The course of this systematic flow with depth agrees well with the model of the solar rotation in the sub-surface layers.
Forbidden hugs in pandemic times
Authors: Pastorello A. , Valerin G. , Fraser M. , Elias-Rosa N. , Valenti S. , Reguitti A. , Mazzali P. A. , Amaro R. C. , Andrews J. E. , Dong Y. , Jencson J. , Lundquist M. , Reichart D. E. , Sand D. J. , Wyatt S. , Smartt S. J. , Smith K. W. , Srivastav S. , Cai Y.-Z. , Cappellaro E. , Holmbo S. , Fiore A. , Jones D. , Kankare E. , Karamehmetoglu E. , Lundqvist P. , Morales-Garoffolo A. , Reynolds T. M. , Stritzinger M. D. , Williams S. C. , Chambers K. C. , de Boer T. J. L. , Huber M. E. , Rest A. , Wainscoat R.
Published: January 2021

We present the results of our monitoring campaigns of the luminous red novae (LRNe) AT 2020hat in NGC 5068 and AT 2020kog in NGC 6106. The two objects were imaged (and detected) before their discovery by routine survey operations. They show a general trend of slow luminosity rise, lasting at least a few months. The subsequent major LRN outbursts were extensively followed in photometry and spectroscopy. The light curves present an initial short-duration peak, followed by a redder plateau phase. AT 2020kog is a moderately luminous event peaking at ∼7 × 1040 erg s−1, while AT 2020hat is almost one order of magnitude fainter than AT 2020kog, although it is still more luminous than V838 Mon. In analogy with other LRNe, the spectra of AT 2020kog change significantly with time. They resemble those of type IIn supernovae at early phases, then they become similar to those of K-type stars during the plateau, and to M-type stars at very late phases. In contrast, AT 2020hat already shows a redder continuum at early epochs, and its spectrum shows the late appearance of molecular bands. A moderate-resolution spectrum of AT 2020hat taken at +37 d after maximum shows a forest of narrow P Cygni lines of metals with velocities of 180 km s−1, along with an Hα emission with a full-width at half-maximum velocity of 250 km s−1. For AT 2020hat, a robust constraint on its quiescent progenitor is provided by archival images of the Hubble Space Telescope. The progenitor is clearly detected as a mid-K type star, with an absolute magnitude of MF606W = −3.33 ± 0.09 mag and a colour of F606W − F814W = 1.14 ± 0.05 mag, which are inconsistent with the expectations from a massive star that could later produce a core-collapse supernova. Although quite peculiar, the two objects nicely match the progenitor versus light curve absolute magnitude correlations discussed in the literature.
A prediction about the age of thick discs as a function of the stellar mass of the host galaxy
Authors: Comerón S.
Published: January 2021

One of the suggested thick disc formation mechanisms is that they were born quickly and in situ from a turbulent clumpy disc. Subsequently, thin discs formed slowly within them from leftovers of the turbulent phase and from material accreted through cold flows and minor mergers. In this Letter, I propose an observational test to verify this hypothesis. By combining thick disc and total stellar masses of edge-on galaxies with galaxy stellar mass functions calculated in the redshift range of z ≤ 3.0, I derived a positive correlation between the age of the youngest stars in thick discs and the stellar mass of the host galaxy; galaxies with a present-day stellar mass of ℳ⋆(z = 0) < 1010 ℳ⊙ have thick disc stars as young as 4 − 6 Gyr, whereas the youngest stars in the thick discs of Milky-Way-like galaxies are ∼10 Gyr old. I tested this prediction against the scarcely available thick disc age estimates, all of them are from galaxies with ℳ⋆(z = 0) ≳ 1010 ℳ⊙, and I find that field spiral galaxies seem to follow the expectation. On the other hand, my derivation predicts ages that are too low for the thick discs in lenticular galaxies, indicating a fast early evolution for S0 galaxies. I propose the idea of conclusively testing whether thick discs formed quickly and in situ by obtaining the ages of thick discs in field galaxies with masses of ℳ⋆(z = 0) ∼ 109.5 ℳ⊙ and by checking whether they contain ∼5 Gyr-old stars.
Influence of smart education on characteristics of urban lands’ transport systems
Authors: Makarova Irina , Buyvol Polina , Fatikhova Larisa , Parsin Gleb
Published: January 2021

Intelligent well-educated Smart People are the key element of Smart City development. Different technologies are implemented to develop the residents’ intellectual added value, including Smart Education. The introduction of progressive teaching methods can have a synergistic effect, increasing the quality of processes in other systems of Smart Cities. Since the second most common type of correspondence is the trip to education, the hypothesis of a possibility to decrease transport loads on the city roads caused by the widespread introduction of progressive methods of ELearning and Blended Learning was suggested. The proposed hypothesis was tested and confirmed by the results of simulation.
Preventive security measures for the public passenger transport system operation based on logistic management principles
Authors: Shulzhenko Tatiana
Published: January 2021

You should leave 8 mm of space above the abstract and 10 mm after the abstract. The heading Abstract should be typed in bold 9-point Arial. The body of the abstract should be typed in normal 9-point Times in a single paragraph, immediately following the heading. The text should be set to 1 line spacing. The abstract should be centred across the page, indented 17 mm from the left and right page margins and justified. It should not normally exceed 200 words.
Rationalization of gathering information about passenger traffic on routes
Authors: Spirin Iosif , Sarbaev Vladimir , Bugrimov Vitaliy
Published: January 2021

Meeting the challenges of implementing sustainable transport planning and technological organization of transportations requires knowledge of information about the demand for travel. This information is not collected to current statistical accounting system. This article examines matters relating to the application of information technology to obtain the inter–district transport correspondences and data about the needs of passengers to travel on existing routes. The article provides an analysis of the methods of reducing the volume of correspondences of transport surveys on the routes. Purpose of the article - Using these methods allows you to reduce the costs of monitoring information about passenger traffic.
The results of the structure optimization of the vehicles fleet and container park of the specialized motor transportation enterprise
Authors: Lyubimov Igor , Melnikov Alexey , Manayev Konstantin
Published: January 2021

The article leads to the results of experimental observations which purpose was the adequacy assessment of the elaborated theoretical provisions, namely the interrelation of the fleet structure and the performance indicators of its functioning. The experimental study was carried out in several steps according to the developed methodology.
Designing Educational Objectives in the Aspect of Innovative Activities of the Motor Transport Profile
Authors: Bukalova Galina , Khovanskaya Еlena
Published: January 2021

The implementation of innovation development strategies is a prerequisite for the effective functioning of modern transport complex enterprises. The need for innovation activities, formed in the sphere of profile production, actualizes the orientation of the educational process of the university on the formation of the graduates’ readiness for active participation in industrial innovation activities. The multidimensional nature of innovation activities causes the application of interdisciplinary and competence approaches as a methodological basis for the design of educational goals. The student’s understanding of their own professional identity is a prerequisite to achieve effective preparation for core innovation activities. The pedagogical potential of projective teaching, on the basis of the generalized structural composition of the innovation process, corresponds to the productive implementation of the innovation-oriented educational process of the engineering profile.
Graph-Analytical Method of the Regional Transport Complex Control System Optimizing
Authors: Bedanokov Murat , Guketlev Yusuf , Tkacheva Yana , Mashinina Natalia
Published: January 2021

A graph-analytical optimization model of the formation of the regional transport complex management system (RTC) is presented. The model allows analyzing and implementing priority selection in the formation of effective control schemes for the RTK management. It allows taking into account socio-economic characteristics of a specific region when carrying out comparative analysis of the existing management models. The model is based on the ideas of cognitive approach for solving semi- structured problems.
Problems of Sustainable Functioning of Urban Transport Systems
Authors: Konovalova Tatyana , Kotenkova Irina , Senin Ivan
Published: January 2021

The main problems of transport systems in big cities have been analyzed, the problems of transport functioning, their division into groups have been systematized, the highway structure of the constituent entities of Russian Federation has been analyzed, the issues of the development and maintenance of the urban highways have been considered, the problems of existing urban areas, as well as the problems of transport systems designing have been considered, and the main directions of the current situation solution have been suggested.
RTA Mathematic Simulation Principles at the Autotechnical Expertise
Authors: Gasanov Badrudin , Efimov Artem , Grebennikov Jurij
Published: January 2021

The features of carrying out an autotechnical expertise (ATE) are considered in case the vehicles (V) participating in the road transport accident (RTA) don’t leave skid imprints. The examples of momentum and energy conservation law application are given at developing the road accident mathematical model. Special attention is paid to the determination methods of vehicle (V) velocity, travel directions in various RTA diagrams and archeology of deformation. For this purpose it is offered to draw a momentum vector diagram. It is reasonable that for the calculation of V deformation at RTA it is necessary to determine step by step the strain-stress state in a contact area on the basis of the theories of elasticity, plasticity, solid friction and finite-element methods. The technique of constructing an RTA mathematical model is developed. It is recommended to use at ATE of RTAs at the runs-over into the fixed obstacle (a stationary V) and collisions.
Features of Drivers Post-Accident Syndrome
Authors: Pegin Pavel , Pegina Olga
Published: January 2021

According to long-term observations of drivers - participants in road accidents, the new interpretation of the generally accepted definition of post-accident syndrome is proposed and the criteria for this concept defined. The methods and ways of removing the driver out of the post-accident syndrome are formulated. The classification of post-accident syndrome is formulated according to statistics analysis. The new term “psychological severity of the accident” was proposed for discussion.
Problems of a Transport Complex of Mining and Processing Plants
Authors: Semykina Alla , Zagorodniy Nikolay , Fomenko Yuliya , Konev Alexey
Published: January 2021

The article considers problems of a transport complex of mining and processing plants. Requirements for quarry transport are presented. The production process and technological operations of the transportation process are considered. The ways of solving the problems of the transportation process are determined. It is established that when creating a rational system for transporting iron ore raw materials, it is possible to reduce material costs and losses during transportation.
Does coaches’ satisfaction with the team determine their interpersonal style? The mediating role of basic psychological needs
Authors: Pulido Juan J. , López‐Gajardo Miguel A. , Ponce‐Bordón José C. , Vaquero‐Solís Mikel , Leo Francisco M.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the present study was to examine how coaches’ satisfaction with the team could be related to their reported interpersonal style towards young athletes, and to analyze the mediating role of basic psychological needs (i.e. need satisfaction and need frustration) in this relationship. Participants were 352 coaches (16–67 years old; M age = 32.88, SD = 11.14) from 48 clubs, who had between 1 and 52 years of training experience (M = 23.23, SD = 15.02). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to test the relationships between variables. Results showed that satisfaction with the team is positively related to coaches’ need satisfaction, and negatively to their need frustration. Need satisfaction positively predicted coaches’ need‐supportive style, and need frustration predicted their need‐thwarting style. Regarding indirect effects, need satisfaction positively mediated the relationship between coaches’ satisfaction with the team and their need‐supportive style, and need frustration negatively mediated the relationship between coaches’ satisfaction with the team and their need‐thwarting style. These findings are a first step to highlight satisfaction with the team as an antecedent of coaches’ self‐reported need‐supportive and need‐thwarting behaviours towards athletes, and the mediating role of coaches’ psychological needs (need satisfaction and need frustration) in this relationship.

Highlights

We examined the satisfaction of the team as antecedent of coaches’ interpersonal style.

We tested the mediating role of coaches’ psychological needs in this relationship.

Satisfaction with the team was positively related to need‐supportive style.

Satisfaction with the team was negatively associated with need‐thwarting behaviors.

Coaches’ psychological needs mediated the relationship between team satisfaction and their interpersonal style.
The importance of performance in youth competitions as an indicator of future success in cycling
Authors: Mostaert Mireille , Vansteenkiste Pieter , Pion Johan , Deconinck Frederik J.A. , Lenoir Matthieu
Published: January 2021

In sports, outperforming your peers at young age does not guarantee a professional sports career as an adult. To gain more insight in how performance in youth cycling competitions can be an indicator for future success, the current study (a) examined differences in success rate between future achievers and future non‐achievers, (b) investigated whether the relative age effect affects these career pathways and (c) explored to what extent youth competitive performance can predict success at adult age. The sample consisted of 307 male road cyclists who achieved at least one top 10 result during national and provincial youth competitions (U15, U17, U19). Thirty‐two were classified as future achievers because they reached senior elite level; the remaining 275 were classed as future non‐achievers. Non‐parametric analyses of longitudinal data, Kruskal–Wallis and logistic regressions were applied. These analyses revealed that the future achievers started to outperform the future non‐achievers from U17 onwards. While the relatively older cyclists have an advantage over other cyclists in U15, this effect was smaller in U17 and was absent in U19. Finally, the competitive success rate of U15 cyclists could not predict success at adult age. However, for U17 and U19 cyclists each additional top 10 result was associated with 3–5%, and 6% higher chance to reach elite level at adult age, respectively. Overall, these results demonstrate that estimating potential based on competition results is unpredictable in the U15 category, however, may provide a better indication of future success from U17 onwards.

Highlights

The competitive success rate of U15 cyclists could not predict success at adult age

From the U17 category onwards, future achievers had higher success rates, and success rate has some predictive value for performance at senior elite level.

Competitive performance is influenced by relative age effect in the U15 category, however, this effect disappeared as the athlete progressed into older age categories.

Future non‐achievers experience a significant decrease in success rate when transitioning to a new competition category.
Discipline Factor and the Impact on Mathematics Learning Outcomes in Vocational High Schools
Authors: Fuadi Djalal , Sutama  , Sumardjoko Bambang , Novitasari Meggy , Inugati Endah , Saputra Ajah , Musiman  , Pratiwi Dyah Sih
Published: January 2021

In general, the aim of the research was to examine the contribution of communication and motivation to Mathematics learning outcomes indirectly through learning discipline. Specifically, the objectives of this study were: 1) to examine the contribution of communication, motivation, and discipline to Mathematics learning outcomes; and 2) to examine the contribution of communication and motivation to the discipline of learning mathematics. The type of the research is correlational quantitative. The populations of the study were 704-grade X students of SMK Negeri 1 Jenang Ponorogo. The research’s samples were 255 students determined by the Slovin formula. The sampling employed proportional random sampling by lottery. The data analysis technique used was path analysis. The results of the study are: 1) interindividual communication, learning motivation, and learning discipline did not contribute simultaneously at α = 0.05 to mathematics learning outcomes; 2) interindividual communication and learning motivation contribute simultaneously to learning discipline at α = 0.05 (with the amount of the contribution of 31.8%; and 3) communication between individuals affects Mathematics learning outcomes indirectly through learning discipline at α = 0.05, amounting to 0.514. Learning motivation affects Mathematics learning outcomes indirectly through learning discipline at α = 0.05, amounting to 0.09.
Does flipped learning method via MOODLE can improve outcomes and motivation of discrete mathematics learning during COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Mursyidah H , Hermoyo R P , Suwaibah D
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the flipped learning method via MOODLE can improve learning outcomes and motivation to learn discrete mathematics during COVID-19 pandemic. This is because discrete mathematics is one of the mathematics subjects that requires a lot of practice and needs direct direction by lecturers or educators. In this study, we used Classroom Action Research that consisted of two cycles. The stages in each cycle were plan, implementation, observation, and reflection. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the flipped learning method via MOODLE can improve the learning outcomes of discrete mathematics from only 30% of students who complete to 100% of students completed. In addition, students’ discrete mathematics learning motivation increased from 45% or medium criteria to 79% or high criteria. The stages that can be used are (1) lecturers provide stimulus through questions to students to find references independently of a question, (2) students learn the material independently and make questions about the material which is not yet understood, (3) students and lecturers conduct discussions to correct misconceptions, and (4) students work on questions from lecturers as evaluation.
On Energy Transmission to Remote Location Using a Repeater
Authors: Otake Shinichi , Matsumoto Mitsuharu
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses a power supply system to operate a small-scale monitoring system where the sun does not reach and power supply is difficult. When we try to operate a small monitoring system in a place where power supply is difficult, how to secure power is important. We consider a system that transmits light energy from the ground to the ground using a floating repeater. It is assumed that both the position and the angle of the receiver are fixed. It is also assumed that the repeater is affected by the disturbance. We aim to control the light to reach the receiver under any circumstances. Some experiments were conducted to verify whether we could perform the assume control by developing a system based on the proposed method on a small scale. As a result, it was confirmed that roughly assumed control could be performed.
Application and Performance Analysis of Carbon Fibber Composites in Deep Sea Oil and Gas Development
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Xie Xueying , Song Chunyan , Yuan Xin
Published: January 2021

With the drastic reduction of China's land and shallow sea oil and natural gas resources, offshore oil and gas field exploration has gradually developed into the deep sea of 1500-300 m. Traditional steel materials are no longer applicable, and fibre composite materials have become the most exploited in subsea oilfields. One of the good materials is widely used in all aspects of deep-sea oil field equipment, providing a reliable guarantee for the development of deep-sea oil and gas fields. Based on this research background, the paper discusses the characteristics of carbon fibre composite materials (light weight, high specific strength, high specific modulus, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, and small thermal expansion coefficient), and discusses its application in the field of subsea oilfields.
Three-Dimensional Thermohaline Characteristics of Luzon Cold Eddy with Double-Eddies Structure
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Lu , Zha Yueying , Shen Hui , Xia Yuezhang
Published: January 2021

A high-resolution three-dimensional thermo-salt-current numerical model was established to study the structure, and evolution of the Luzon cold eddies (LCEs) based on FVCOM. Study findings showed that, because of the double-eddies structure of LCEs, the isotherm and isohaline show the special characteristics of rising on both sides and falling down between them.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Pharmacological Study of Polygonum Capitatum Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Fang Rongze , Li Xiaofen , Kong Juan , Yang Xiaosong , Zhang Linlin , Wan Deguang , Wang Xiangpei , Wu Hongmei
Published: January 2021

To observe the inhibitory effect ofPolygonum capitatumextract on auricle swelling induced by xylene in mice, and explore the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action with the method of network pharmacology. Extract the total flavonoids, sugars and tannins fromPolygonum capitatum, and act on xylene induced auricular inflammation in mice. Use 8mm hole punch to lay down the ear piece and measure the quality of the ear piece. Through consulting CNKI, Wanfang, Vip and other databases, the chemical constituents related toPolygonum capitatumwere searched. Screening the active chemical constituents ofPolygonum capitatumby ADME parameters. Find a target with the active chemical composition and establish a target data set; Protein interaction network (PPI) was used to construct the protein interaction network of target and inflammatory target ofPolygonum capitatum.Cytoscape software was used to construct the complex network diagram of “component-target-pathway-disease”; DAVID was used for GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Result: The experimental results of auricle inflammation induced by xylene in mice showed that the high dose group of total flavones, the low dose group of total flavones and the low dose group of tannin had inhibitory effects on auricle inflammation induced by minor xylene in mice. There were 37 reported compounds, 6 active compounds and 2 flavonoids compounds. A total of 268 targets were retrieved from 6 active compounds, and 41 potential targets were most closely related to the anti-inflammatory mechanism of thePolygonum capitatum.Through the biological function pathway enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, 20 biological processes and 76 signal pathways were screened. Conclusion: The anti-inflammatory components of thePolygonum capitatumpredicted by the network pharmacology and the experimental results showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of the total flavonoids in the high-dose group was basically the same as that in the low-dose group. It is suggested that Quercetin and Kaempferol may be the anti-inflammatory flavonoids inPolygonum capitatum.
Household intelligent storage wardrobe based on the principle of Huarong Road
Authors: Zhao Lida , Feng Zhongao , Liu Lu
Published: January 2021

A new type of intelligent wardrobe is proposed based on the application of home daily life. Through mechanism combination innovation and electric control, the device realizes the design of imitating Huarong lane of wardrobe, and realizes the intelligent access of users. Each storage rack moves to a place suitable for users to access clothes through the coordination of the moving pulley and the rack and pinion structure, and makes reasonable use of the space at a high place. The addition of intelligent electronic control module makes it more convenient for users to get the clothes they need. The device has superior performance, simple operation process, low cost in space and economy, wide target audience and good market prospect.
Patent Analysis on the Trend of Ornamental Medicinal Plant Industry
Authors: Wang Yanfeng , Zhang Sujuan
Published: January 2021

Ornamental medicinal plant (OMP) is a type of emerging horticultural greening species with a bright prospect. In this paper, total 26 species of OMP were chosen as samples to analyze their situation of patent declaration and protection. In this way, a deep insight into OMP’s development trend can be brought forth. A set of statistical and bibliometric methods were used to analyze the technical competition situation of OMP from several aspects such as development trend, regional distribution, innovation subject, R&D hotspots etc. [Result]The results indicated that domestic OMP industry had a rapid development in the past decades. Eastern provinces, such as Anhui and Jiangsu, occupied a leading position. The enterprises were the main body of R&D, while the agricultural and forestry universities had individual advantages. The hotspot of patent protection focused on the horticultural technology. There were a large number of patent declarations on new varieties and specialized fertilizers as well. [Conclusion] Beijing International Horticultural Exhibition 2019 may play an important role in promoting the horticultural industry. By developing new varieties, strengthening industry-university-research cooperation and intellectual property, the OMP industry will get a rapid growth and become a new hot spot in the field of horticultural health in the near future.
GIS partial discharge defect diagnosis system and method based on Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Tang Qi , Li Guowei , Wang Junbo , Luo Rongbo , Wu Lihui
Published: January 2021

Partial discharge type identification is of great significance to the diagnosis of insulation faults in high-voltage power equipment. The partial discharge type recognition method based on deep learning map diagnosis has the disadvantages of large memory space and high hardware environment requirements. This paper presents a GIS discharge defect diagnosis system and method based on Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), which can be deployed on the edge layer equipment. The principal component analysis method is used to obtain the principal parameters that characterize the defects and form a sample feature data set. The sample feature data set is used to train the neural network model and continuously optimize it. Finally, the trained neural network model is used to identify the types of partial discharge defects. This method can effectively solve the problems that the partial discharge type identification method based on atlas diagnosis occupies large memory space and requires high hardware environment, which is convenient for the wide application of engineering.
Research on MMC Voltage Equalization Control Strategy Based on Optimal Sorting Algorithm
Authors: Guo Liwei , Li Hua
Published: January 2021

The voltage sharing control strategy based on sorting algorithm is widely used in modular multilevel converter Converter (MMC) in practical engineering, aiming at the problems of frequent switching states, high switching frequency and large loss caused by traditional scheduling algorithm, a voltage sharing control strategy based on optimal sequencing is proposed by introducing the average value of capacitor voltage and the maximum deviation threshold under the premise of considering the switching state of sub modules at the last moment. Finally, the simulation system of modular multilevel converter is built in PSCAD / EMTDC for verification. The simulation results show that the proposed optimal sequence voltage sharing control strategy significantly reduces the switching frequency of the devices and improves the operation performance of the system.
Fault Diagnosis of Analog Circuits Based on Wavelet Packet Energy Entropy and DBN
Authors: Qiu Xiaohong , Ye Zhiwei
Published: January 2021

To solve the problem of low classification and recognition rate caused by small number of fault samples and inaccurate feature extraction in analog circuit fault diagnosis, a fault diagnosis algorithm for analog circuit system based on the combination of wavelet packet energy entropy and Deep Belief Network (DBN) is proposed. Firstly, the original output voltage signal of the circuit is decomposed by a multi-layer wavelet packet, then the feature vector is constructed in the form of energy entropy, and then the principal component analysis (PCA) is used for feature selection. The reduced dimension feature vector is taken as the input vector of DBN, and the fault diagnosis is completed after training and learning of the DBN network model. The experimental results show that compared with other algorithms, the proposed method can be more accurate and effective in diagnosing fault types in analog circuits, especially for Sallen-Key band-pass filter circuits, the fault recognition rate reaches 100%.
Research on Image Data Management System of Power Transmission Project Based on Geographic Information
Authors: Jin Yao , Zhao Jie , Yu Wenxing , Li Hongzhu , Liu Bo , Sun Yongxin , Zheng Yaobin , He Chunhui , Duan Shengchao
Published: January 2021

Taking "Power Transmission Project Management Information System" as an example, this paper introduces the application of Web GIS in power transmission project. The system comprehensively utilizes basic space data and related design results to provide a visual space collaborative management platform for owners, construction, construction, supervision and other related units, and intuitively displays accurate and complete project space locations, project progress, and related real-time data. Construction provides advanced auxiliary technical support, and transfers complete electronic archives of spatial location information for production operations. The "Power Transmission and Transformation Project Management Information System" has achieved good results in the field management of power transmission and transformation projects.
Research on Equipment Information Sensor Information Model System in Power Internet of Things
Authors: Wen Kaijun
Published: January 2021

Power Internet of Things is the application of Internet of Things technology in smart grids. It is an important technical means indispensable for the construction of smart grids. In order to solve the problem of test data imbalance caused by the positioning deviation of the power sensor out of regulation point in the dynamic test system, A method for locating power sensor out-of-regulation points based on improved association mining algorithm (IMA) and FPGA implementation is proposed, and the association mining algorithm is analysed in detail. The paper uses the Monitoring Information Database (MNIB) to realize the organization and storage of power Internet of Things information. Designed a dedicated application layer communication protocol PIOTP, and developed a set of procedures, and finally established a standardized model of information interaction and a unique identification of equipment, so that data can be interacted with a unified information model in the network layer. The thesis completed the information transmission between the monitoring centre and the remote-control terminal (RTU), which verified the feasibility of the scheme.
Simulation analysis of a water heating control system
Authors: Yan Kehan
Published: January 2021

As the need of accurate indoor temperature continuously growing in northern part of the world, the drawbacks of current water heating control system are becoming prominent. In order to improve its efficiency, using simulation method to analyze water heating control system and putting forward optimized PID parameters are important. This paper clearly explains the reason of its drawbacks and proves feasibility the of a optimization design, which is pivotal to further studies.
Research on Informatization Construction Technology Based on Computer Statistics
Authors: Guo Yue , Xu Jie , Qiu Shuang , Hu Yaodong , Zhang Xianfei , Liang Yuan , Gao Hang , Zhang Yintie
Published: January 2021

With the advent of the information age and the era of knowledge economy, engineering project management in the 21st century is bound to move towards information management, and the core competitiveness of project management is also increasingly dependent on information technology. In view of this, the difficulties in the process of engineering project management informatization are analysed and the significance of its construction is pointed out. On this basis, the content, influencing factors and countermeasures of engineering project management informatization construction are discussed.
Hi-speed USB signal long-distance communication and test scheme design based on Ethernet communication
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Deng Kui , Duan Ran , Geng Xiao
Published: January 2021

The USB universal serial bus is widely used in host computer control and data information transmission due to its plug-and-play, hot-swap support, and flexible use. However, due to cable loss and USB protocol restrictions, high-speed USB signals can only support a transmission distance of 5 meters. In this paper, there shows an engineering application design of the signal transmission scheme based on the USB signal processing chip CH317. Convert hi-speed USB signal into optical Ethernet signal to achieve long-distance transmission of high-speed USB signals. Since there is no test standard at the application layer for hi-speed USB signal, in this paper design a complete test scheme for this transmission method at the hardware layer and application layer according to the existing test standards of hi-speed USB signal and Ethernet. It has certain reference significance for the application of hi-speed USB signal long-distance transmission in engineering.
Seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete columns mixed with steel fibres and aeolian sand
Authors: Wang Yaohong , Chu Qi , Han Qing , Zhang Zeping , Ma Xiaoyan
Published: January 2021

To investigate the seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete columns mixed with steel fibre and aeolian sand, seven different specimens were built and tested under a lateral cyclic loading test. The specimens included one ordinary reinforced concrete column (RC), three reinforced concrete columns mixed with aeolian sand (ARC), and three reinforced concrete columns mixed with steel fibres and aeolian sand (SARC). The seismic behaviour of specimens was studied by comparing the seismic indexes exhibited in the test. The results show that SARC specimens with 30% of aeolian sand replaced in the mix has better seismic behaviour than that of the other specimens. The influence of steel fibres on the seismic behaviour of the SARC specimens is strengthened by increasing the replacement rate of aeolian sand.
Low-frequency Raman signature of Ag-intercalated few-layer MoS2
Authors: Sheremetyeva Natalya , Niedzielski Drake , Tristant Damien , Liang Liangbo , Kerstetter Lauren E , Mohney Suzanne E , Meunier Vincent
Published: January 2021

Density functional theory based calculations and experimental analysis on a limited number of real samples are performed to study how the presence of silver intercalated in the van der Waals gap of few-layer MoS2 affects the low-frequency Raman active modes of this material. Silver is found to predominantly affect the breathing-like and shear-like vibrational modes of MoS2. These modes correspond to quasi-rigid movements of each individual layer with a restoring force (and, in turn, frequency) that is determined by modulations in the weak interlayer interactions. Noticeable red-shifts with increasing Ag concentration are found for all low-frequency modes. This finding indicates the potential for low-frequency vibrations as useful gauges for practical determination of silver concentration using low-frequency Raman spectroscopy. This work also describes a semi-classical linear chain model that allows to extrapolate results to a large number of layers. Further, first-principles calculations show how Raman spectroscopy can be used to characterize the quality of the two-dimensional interface between MoS2 and a silver substrate.
Human Health Risk Assessments and Characterization of Nanomaterials: Are We Ready for the Next (Active) Generations?
Authors: Krystek Petra , Shandilya Neeraj , Fransman Wouter
Published: January 2021

Driven by the concept of the ‘four generations of nanomaterials’, the current state of the knowledge on risk assessment of future generation is explored for active nanomaterials. Through case studies, we identify challenges and evaluate the preparedness of characterization methods, available risk assessment modeling tools, and analytical instrumentation for such future generation active nanomaterials with dynamic hybrid structures of biotic–abiotic and organic–inorganic combinations. Currently available risk assessment tools and analytical instrumentation were found to be lacking the risk preparedness and characterization readiness for active nanomaterials, respectively. Potential future developments in risk assessment modeling tools and analytical techniques can be based upon this work which shall ensure long-term safety of the next generation of nanomaterials.
β-Blockers, Tachycardia, and Survival Following Sepsis: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Guz Dmitri , Buchritz Shira , Guz Alina , Ikan Alon , Babich Tania , Daitch Vered , Gafter-Gvili Anat , Leibovici Leonard , Avni Tomer
Published: January 2021

Background

Sepsis is associated with excessive release of catecholamines, which causes tachycardia and is correlated with poor clinical outcome. β-Blockers (BBs) may blunt this effect on heart rate (HR). The objective of this study is to assess whether long-term BB therapy is associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis admitted to internal medicine wards.

Methods

We performed a single-center, observational cohort study. We included adult patients who were hospitalized in medicine departments due to sepsis. A propensity score model for BB therapy was used to match patients. The primary outcome was the 30-day all-cause mortality rate. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for an adverse outcome. Patients were stratified according to absolute tachycardia (HR ≥100/min) or relative tachycardia at presentation (tachycardia index above the third quartile, with tachycardia index defined as the ratio of HR to temperature).

Results

A total of 1186 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In the propensity-matched cohort patients given BB treatment were younger (median age [interquartile range], 74 [62–82] vs 81 [68–87] years; P ≤ .001). BB treatment was associated with reduction in 30-day mortality rates for patients with absolute tachycardia (odds ratio, 0.406; 95% confidence interval, .177–.932). Final model with interaction variable of BB treatment with HR was associated with short-term survival (odds ratio, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, .148–.976). Selective BB therapy had a stronger protective effect than nonselective BB therapy.

Conclusions

Long-term BB therapy was associated with decreased mortality rate in patients hospitalized with sepsis in internal medicine wards exhibiting absolute and relative tachycardia.