bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bag-breakup fragmentation as the dominant mechanism of sea-spray production in high winds
Authors: Troitskaya Yu. , Kandaurov A. , Ermakova O. , Kozlov D. , Sergeev D. , Zilitinkevich S.
Published: May 2017

Showing the record strengths and growth-rates, recent hurricanes have highlighted needs for improving forecasts of tropical cyclone intensities most sensitive to models of the air-sea interaction. Especially challenging is the nature of sea-spray supposed to strongly affecting the momentum- and energy- air-sea fluxes at strong winds. Even the spray-generation mechanisms in extreme winds remained undetermined. Basing on high-speed video here we identify it as the bag-breakup mode of fragmentation of liquid in gaseous flows known in a different context. This regime is characterized by inflating and consequent bursting of the short-lived objects, bags, comprising sail-like water films surrounded by massive liquid rims then fragmented to giant droplets with sizes exceeding 500 micrometers. From first principles of statistical physics we develop statistical description of these phenomena and show that at extreme winds the bag-breakup is the dominant spray-production mechanism. These findings provide a new basis for understanding and modeling of the air-sea exchange processes at extreme winds.
Chemokine profiles of interstitial pneumonia in patients with dermatomyositis: a case control study
Authors: Oda Katsuhiro , Kotani Takuya , Takeuchi Tohru , Ishida Takaaki , Shoda Takeshi , Isoda Kentaro , Yoshida Shuzo , Nishimura Yasuichiro , Makino Shigeki
Published: May 2017

Chemokines play an important role in the pathophysiology of dermatomyositis (DM) with interstitial pneumonia (IP). However, the relation between chemokines and the disease activity or prognosis of DM-IP has not been elucidated. We evaluated the serum C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, Th1 chemokines (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand [CXCL] 9, CXCL10, CXCL11), and Th2 chemokine (CCL17) profiles of 30 patients, and examined the relation between these chemokines and the disease activity or prognosis of DM-IP. Initial serum CCL2 level was higher in the death group (P = 0.007). To determine the cut-off points effective as poor prognostic factors of DM-IP, ROC curve analysis was carried out on initial serum CCL2 level. The value that maximized the area under the ROC curve was 894 pg/mL (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 70.8%). Serum CCL2, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 levels were lower at 2 weeks after treatment initiation than before treatment. Serum CCL2, CXCL10, and CXCL11 levels at 2 weeks after treatment initiation were higher in the death group. Serum levels of chemokines such as CCL2, CXCL10, and CXCL11 may be possible biomarkers of disease activity and prognosis in DM-IP, and serum CCL2 level may be useful when deciding initial treatment.
Diagenesis does not invent anything new: Precise replication of conodont structures by secondary apatite
Authors: Ferretti Annalisa , Malferrari Daniele , Medici Luca , Savioli Martina
Published: May 2017

Conodont elements are important archives of sea/pore water chemistry yet they often exhibit evidence of diagenetic mineral overgrowth which may be biasing measurents. We decided to investigate this phenomenon by characterising chemically and crystallographically, the original biomineral tissue and the diagenetic mineral nature of conodont elements from the Ordovician of Normandy. Diagenetic apatite crystals observed on the surface of conodont elements show distinctive large columnar, blocky or web-like microtextures. We demonstrate that these apatite neo-crystals exhibit the same chemical composition as the original fossil structure. X-ray microdiffraction has been applied herein for the first time to conodont structural investigation. Analyses of the entire conodont element surface of a variety of species have revealed the existence of a clear pattern of crystal preferred orientation. No significant difference in unit cell parameters was documented between the newly formed apatite crystals and those of the smooth conodont surfaces, thus it emerges from our research that diagenesis has strictly replicated the unit cell signature of the older crystals.
Basic protocols in quantum reinforcement learning with superconducting circuits
Authors: Lamata Lucas
Published: May 2017

Superconducting circuit technologies have recently achieved quantum protocols involving closed feedback loops. Quantum artificial intelligence and quantum machine learning are emerging fields inside quantum technologies which may enable quantum devices to acquire information from the outer world and improve themselves via a learning process. Here we propose the implementation of basic protocols in quantum reinforcement learning, with superconducting circuits employing feedback- loop control. We introduce diverse scenarios for proof-of-principle experiments with state-of-the-art superconducting circuit technologies and analyze their feasibility in presence of imperfections. The field of quantum artificial intelligence implemented with superconducting circuits paves the way for enhanced quantum control and quantum computation protocols.
Efficient Antibacterial Membrane based on Two-Dimensional Ti3C2Tx (MXene) Nanosheets
Authors: Rasool Kashif , Mahmoud Khaled A. , Johnson Daniel J. , Helal Mohamed , Berdiyorov Golibjon R. , Gogotsi Yury
Published: May 2017

Advanced membranes that enable ultrafast water flux while demonstrating anti-biofouling characteristics can facilitate sustainable water/wastewater treatment processes. MXenes, two-dimensional (2D) metal carbides and nitrides, have attracted attention for applications in water/wastewater treatment. In this work, we reported the antibacterial properties of micrometer-thick titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene membranes prepared by filtration on a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) support. The bactericidal properties of Ti3C2Tx modified membranes were tested against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) by bacterial growth on the membrane surface and its exposure to bacterial suspensions. The antibacterial rate of fresh Ti3C2Tx MXene membranes reaches more than 73% against B. subtilis and 67% against E. coli as compared with that of control PVDF, while aged Ti3C2Tx membrane showed over 99% growth inhibition of both bacteria under same conditions. Flow cytometry showed about 70% population of dead and compromised cells after 24 h of exposure of both bacterial strains. The damage of the cell surfaces was also revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis, respectively. The demonstrated antibacterial activity of MXene coated membranes against common waterborne bacteria, promotes their potential application as anti-biofouling membrane in water and wastewater treatment processes.
Retinal Degeneration In A Mouse Model Of CLN5 Disease Is Associated With Compromised Autophagy
Authors: Leinonen Henri , Keksa-Goldsteine Velta , Ragauskas Symantas , Kohlmann Philip , Singh Yajuvinder , Savchenko Ekaterina , Puranen Jooseppi , Malm Tarja , Kalesnykas Giedrius , Koistinaho Jari , Tanila Heikki , Kanninen Katja M.
Published: May 2017

The Finnish variant of late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN5 disease) belongs to a family of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCLs) diseases. Vision loss is among the first clinical signs in childhood forms of NCLs. Mutations in CLN5 underlie CLN5 disease. The aim of this study was to characterize how the lack of normal functionality of the CLN5 protein affects the mouse retina. Scotopic electroretinography (ERG) showed a diminished c-wave amplitude in the CLN5 deficient mice already at 1 month of age, indicative of pathological events in the retinal pigmented epithelium. A- and b-waves showed progressive impairment later from 2 and 3 months of age onwards, respectively. Structural and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses showed preferential damage of photoreceptors, accumulation of autofluorescent storage material, apoptosis of photoreceptors, and strong inflammation in the CLN5 deficient mice retinas. Increased levels of autophagy-associated proteins Beclin-1 and P62, and increased LC3b-II/LC3b-I ratio, were detected by Western blotting from whole retinal extracts. Photopic ERG, visual evoked potentials, IHC and cell counting indicated relatively long surviving cone photoreceptors compared to rods. In conclusion, CLN5 deficient mice develop early vision loss that reflects the condition reported in clinical childhood forms of NCLs. The vision loss in CLN5 deficient mice is primarily caused by photoreceptor degeneration.
Synthetic ferrimagnet nanowires with very low critical current density for coupled domain wall motion
Authors: Lepadatu Serban , Saarikoski Henri , Beacham Robert , Benitez Maria Jose , Moore Thomas A. , Burnell Gavin , Sugimoto Satoshi , Yesudas Daniel , Wheeler May C. , Miguel Jorge , Dhesi Sarnjeet S. , McGrouther Damien , McVitie Stephen , Tatara Gen , Marrows Christopher H.
Published: May 2017

Domain walls in ferromagnetic nanowires are potential building-blocks of future technologies such as racetrack memories, in which data encoded in the domain walls are transported using spin-polarised currents. However, the development of energy-efficient devices has been hampered by the high current densities needed to initiate domain wall motion. We show here that a remarkable reduction in the critical current density can be achieved for in-plane magnetised coupled domain walls in CoFe/Ru/CoFe synthetic ferrimagnet tracks. The antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the layers leads to simple Néel wall structures, imaged using photoemission electron and Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, with a width of only ~100 nm. The measured critical current density to set these walls in motion, detected using magnetotransport measurements, is 1.0 × 1011 Am−2, almost an order of magnitude lower than in a ferromagnetically coupled control sample. Theoretical modelling indicates that this is due to nonadiabatic driving of anisotropically coupled walls, a mechanism that can be used to design efficient domain-wall devices.
Development of a S-adenosylmethionine analog that intrudes the RNA-cap binding site of Zika methyltransferase
Authors: Jain Rinku , Butler Kyle V. , Coloma Javier , Jin Jian , Aggarwal Aneel K.
Published: May 2017

The Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a major health hazard. We present here a high resolution structure (1.55 Å) of ZIKV NS5 methyltransferase bound to a novel S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) analog in which a 4-fluorophenyl moiety substitutes for the methyl group. We show that the 4-fluorophenyl moiety extends into a portion of the RNA binding tunnel that typically contains the adenosine 2′OH of the RNA-cap moiety. Together, the new SAM analog and the high-resolution crystal structure are a step towards the development of antivirals against ZIKV and other flaviviruses.
Improved thrombolytic effect with focused ultrasound and neuroprotective agent against acute carotid artery thrombosis in rat
Authors: Lee Tsong-Hai , Yeh Jih-Chao , Tsai Chih-Hung , Yang Jen-Tsung , Lou Shyh-Liang , Seak Chen-June , Wang Chao-Yung , Wei Kuo-Chen , Liu Hao-Li
Published: May 2017

Combination therapy with focused ultrasound (FUS) and a neuroprotective agent, BNG-1, was examined in an acute carotid thrombotic occlusion model using LED irradiation in rat to improve the thrombolytic effect of rt-PA. Seven treatment groups included (A) intravenous bolus injection of 0.45 mg/kg rt-PA, (B) intravenous bolus injection of 0.9 mg/kg, (C) sonothrombolysis with FUS alone, (D) oral administration of 2 g/kg BNG-1 for 7 days alone, (E) A + D, (F) A + C, and (G) A + C + D. Four comparison groups were made including (H) 0.45 mg/kg rt-PA 20% bolus +80% IV fusion + FUS, (I) 0.9 mg/kg rt-PA with 10% bolus + 90% intravenous fusion, (J) B + C, (K) B + D. At 7 days after carotid occlusion, small-animal carotid ultrasound and 7 T MR angiography showed the recanalization rate of ≤50% stenosis was 50% in group B and 83% in group I, but 0% in groups A and C and 17% in group D. Combination therapy improved recanalization rate to 50–63% in groups E and F, to 67–83% in groups J and K, and to 100% in groups G and H. Our study demonstrated combination therapy with different remedies can be a feasible strategy to improve the thrombolytic effect of rt-PA.
A preliminary analysis of volatile metabolites of human induced pluripotent stem cells along the in vitro differentiation
Authors: Capuano Rosamaria , Spitalieri Paola , Talarico Rosa Valentina , Domakoski Ana Carolina , Catini Alexandro , Paolesse Roberto , Martinelli Eugenio , Novelli Giuseppe , Sangiuolo Federica , Di Natale Corrado
Published: May 2017

Cellular metabolism of stem cell biology is still an unexplored field. However, considering the amount of information carried by metabolomes, this is a promising field for a fast identification of stem cells itself and during the differentiation process. One of the goals of such application is the identification of residual pluripotent cells before cell transplantation to avoid the occurrence of teratomas. In this paper, we investigatedin vitrothe volatile compounds (VOCs) released during human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) reprogramming. In particular, we studied hiPSCs differentiation to floating and adherent embryoid bodies until early neural progenitor cells. A preliminary Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) analysis, based on a single extraction method and chromatographic separation, indicated 17 volatile compounds whose relative abundance is altered in each step of the differentiation process. The pattern of VOCs shown by hiPSCs is well distinct and makes these cells sharply separated from the other steps of differentiations. Similar behaviour has also been observed with an array of metalloporphyrins based gas sensors. The use of electronic sensors to control the process of differentiation of pluripotent stem cells might suggest a novel perspective for a fast and on-line control of differentiation processes.
MAPK-mediated auxin signal transduction pathways regulate the malic acid secretion under aluminum stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Liu Xinwei , Lin Yameng , Liu Diqiu , Wang Chengxiao , Zhao Zhuqing , Cui Xiuming , Liu Ying , Yang Ye
Published: May 2017

An isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitative (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic approach was used to screen the differentially expressed proteins during control treatment (CK), aluminum (Al) and Al+ indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatment of wheat lines ET8 (Al-tolerant). Further, the the expression levels of auxin response factor (ARF), Aux/IAA, Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) 2c, and MAPK1a were analyzed. Results showed that 16 proteins were determined to be differentially expressed in response to Al and IAA co-treatment compared with Al alone. Among them, MAPK2c and MAPK1a proteins displayed markedly differential expression during the processes. The expression of ARF2 was upregulated and Aux/IAA was downregulated by Al, while both in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Western-blot detection of MAPK2c and MAPK1a indicated that Al upregulated MAPK2c and downregulated MAPK1a in both concentration- and time-dependent manners. Exogenous IAA could promote the expression of MAPK2c, but inhibit the expression of MAPK1a in the presence/absence of Al. These findings indicated that IAA acted as one of the key signaling molecule controls the response mechanism of wheat malic acid efflux to Al stress through the suppression/activation of Aux/IAA and ARFs, and the activity of MAPK2c and MAPK1a were positively or negatively regulated.
Rapid learning curve assessment in an ex vivo training system for microincisional glaucoma surgery
Authors: Dang Yalong , Waxman Susannah , Wang Chao , Parikh Hardik A. , Bussel Igor I. , Loewen Ralitsa T. , Xia Xiaobo , Lathrop Kira L. , Bilonick Richard A. , Loewen Nils A.
Published: May 2017

Increasing prevalence and cost of glaucoma have increased the demand for surgeons well trained in newer, microincisional surgery. These procedures occur in a highly confined space, making them difficult to learn by observation or assistance alone as is currently done. We hypothesized that our ex vivo outflow model is sensitive enough to allow computing individual learning curves to quantify progress and refine techniques. Seven trainees performed nine trabectome-mediated ab interno trabeculectomies in pig eyes (n = 63). An expert surgeon rated the procedure using an Operating Room Score (ORS). The extent of outflow beds accessed was measured with canalograms. Data was fitted using mixed effect models. ORS reached a half-maximum on an asymptote after only 2.5 eyes. Surgical time decreased by 1.4 minutes per eye in a linear fashion. The ablation arc followed an asymptotic function with a half-maximum inflection point after 5.3 eyes. Canalograms revealed that this progress did not correlate well with improvement in outflow, suggesting instead that about 30 eyes are needed for true mastery. This inexpensive pig eye model provides a safe and effective microsurgical training model and allows objective quantification of outcomes for the first time.
Frequent heteroplasmy and recombination in the mitochondrial genomes of the basidiomycete mushroom Thelephora ganbajun
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Sha Tao , Zhang Yunrun , Cao Yang , Mi Fei , Liu Cunli , Yang Dan , Tang Xiaozhao , He Xiaoxia , Dong Jianyong , Wu Jinyan , Yoell Shanze , Yoell Liam , Zhang Ke-Qin , Zhang Ying , Xu Jianping
Published: May 2017

In the majority of sexual eukaryotes, the mitochondrial genomes are inherited uniparentally. As a result, individual organisms are homoplasmic, containing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from a single parent. Here we analyzed the mitochondrial genotypes in Clade I of the gourmet mushroomThelephora ganbajunfrom its broad geographic distribution range. A total of 299 isolates from 28 geographic locations were sequenced at three mitochondrial loci: the mitochondrial small ribosomal RNA gene, and the cytochrome c oxidase subunits I (COX1) and III (COX3) genes. Quantitative PCR analyses showed that the strains had about 60–160 copies of mitochondrial genomes per cell. Interestingly, while no evidence of heteroplasmy was found at the 12S rRNA gene, 262 of the 299 isolates had clear evidence of heterogeneity at either the COX1 (261 isolates) or COX3 (12 isolates) gene fragments. The COX1 heteroplasmy was characterized by two types of introns residing at different sites of the same region and at different frequencies among the isolates. Allelic association analyses of the observed mitochondrial polymorphic nucleotide sites suggest that mtDNA recombination is common in natural populations of this fungus. Our results contrast the prevailing view that heteroplasmy, if exists, is only transient in basidiomycete fungi.
Intranasal insulin enhances brain functional connectivity mediating the relationship between adiposity and subjective feeling of hunger
Authors: Kullmann Stephanie , Heni Martin , Veit Ralf , Scheffler Klaus , Machann Jürgen , Häring Hans-Ulrich , Fritsche Andreas , Preissl Hubert
Published: May 2017

Brain insulin sensitivity is an important link between metabolism and cognitive dysfunction. Intranasal insulin is a promising tool to investigate central insulin action in humans. We evaluated the acute effects of 160 U intranasal insulin on resting-state brain functional connectivity in healthy young adults. Twenty-five lean and twenty-two overweight and obese participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging, on two separate days, before and after intranasal insulin or placebo application. Insulin compared to placebo administration resulted in increased functional connectivity between the prefrontal regions of the default-mode network and the hippocampus as well as the hypothalamus. The change in hippocampal functional connectivity significantly correlated with visceral adipose tissue and the change in subjective feeling of hunger after intranasal insulin. Mediation analysis revealed that the intranasal insulin induced hippocampal functional connectivity increase served as a mediator, suppressing the relationship between visceral adipose tissue and hunger. The insulin-induced hypothalamic functional connectivity change showed a significant interaction with peripheral insulin sensitivity. Only participants with high peripheral insulin sensitivity showed a boost in hypothalamic functional connectivity. Hence, brain insulin action may regulate eating behavior and facilitate weight loss by modifying brain functional connectivity within and between cognitive and homeostatic brain regions.
Waist-to-hip ratio, body-mass index, age and number of children in seven traditional societies
Authors: Butovskaya M. , Sorokowska A. , Karwowski M. , Sabiniewicz A. , Fedenok J. , Dronova D. , Negasheva M. , Selivanova E. , Sorokowski P.
Published: May 2017

It has been suggested that the preference for low WHRs evolved because low WHR provided a cue to female reproductive status and health, and therefore to her reproductive value. The present study aimed to test whether WHR might indeed be a reliable cue to female reproductive history (with lower WHRs indicating lower number of children). Previous studies showed such a relationship for modern and industrialized populations, but it has not been investigated in natural fertility, indigenous, more energy constrained populations facing greater trade-offs in energy allocation than do modern societies. Our sample comprised 925 women aged 13 to 95 years from seven non-industrial societies including tribes from Sub-Saharan Africa (Hadza, Datoga, and Isanzu), Western Siberia (Ob Ugric people: Khanty and Mansi), South America (Tsimane) and South Asia (Minahasans and Sangirese). We demonstrated a culturally stable, significant relationship between number of children and WHR among women, controlling for BMI and age. Based on these data, we suggest that WHR is a reliable cue to female reproductive history, and we discuss our results in the context of previous studies indicating usefulness of WHR as an indicator of health and fertility.
Soft Zr-doped TiO2 Nanofibrous Membranes with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Water Purification
Authors: Song Jun , Wang Xueqin , Yan Jianhua , Yu Jianyong , Sun Gang , Ding Bin
Published: May 2017

Self-standing photocatalytic membranes constructed from TiO2 nanofibers hold great promise in environmental remediation; however, challenges still remained for the poor mechanical properties of polycrystalline TiO2 nanofibers. Herein, soft Zr-doped TiO2 (TZ) nanofibrous membranes with robust mechanical properties and enhanced photocatalytic activity were fabricated via electrospinning technique. The Zr4+ incorporation could effectively inhibit the grain growth and reduce the surface defects and breaking point of TiO2 nanofiber. The as-prepared TZ membranes were composed of well-interconnected nanofibers with a high aspect ratios, small grain size and pore size, which exhibited good tensile strength (1.32 MPa) and showed no obvious damage after 200 cycles of bending to a radius of 2 mm. A plausible bending deformation mechanism of the soft TZ membranes was proposed from microscopic single nanofiber to macroscopical membranes. Moreover, the resultant TZ membranes displayed better photocatalytic performance for methylene blue degradation compared to a commercial catalyst (P25), including high degradation degree of 95.4% within 30 min, good reusability in 5 cycles, and easiness of recycling. The successful preparation of such fascinating materials may open up new avenues for the design and development of soft TiO2-based membranes for various application.
The CAM cancer xenograft as a model for initial evaluation of MR labelled compounds
Authors: Zuo Zhi , Syrovets Tatiana , Wu Yuzhou , Hafner Susanne , Vernikouskaya Ina , Liu Weina , Ma Genshan , Weil Tanja , Simmet Thomas , Rasche Volker
Published: May 2017

Non-invasive assessment of the biodistribution is of great importance during the development of new pharmaceutical compounds. In this contribution, the applicability of in ovo MRI for monitoring the biodistribution of MR contrast agent-labelled compounds was investigated in mamaria carcinomas xentotransplanted on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) exemplarily for Gd-DOTA and cHSA-PEO (2000)16-Gd after systemic injection of the compounds into a chorioallantoic capillary vein. MRI was performed directly prior and 30 min, 3 h, 5 h, 20 h, and 40 h after injection of the compound. The biodistribution of injected compounds could be assessed by MRI in different organs of the chicken embryo as well as in xenotransplanted tumors at all time points. A clearly prolonged enhancement of the tumor substrate could be shown for cHSA-PEO (2000)16-Gd. In conclusion, high-resolution in ovo MR imaging can be used for assessment of the in vivo biodistribution of labelled compounds, thus enabling efficient non-invasive initial testing.
Detection of early osteogenic commitment in primary cells using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Smith Stephanie J. , Emery Roger , Pitsillides Andrew , Clarkin Claire E. , Mahajan Sumeet
Published: May 2017

Raman spectroscopy as a simple and sensitive method to measure early osteogenic responses in primary cultures of bone cells is presented.
Sensitive variables extraction, non-destructive detection and visualization of total viable count (TVC) and pH in vacuum packaged lamb using hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Duan Hong-wei , Zhu Rong-guang , Yao Xue-dong , Lewis Elfed
Published: May 2017

The feasibility of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) for sensitive variables extraction, non-destructive detection and visualization of total viable count (TVC) and pH in lamb was investigated.
Synthesis of polyphosphazenes with different side groups and various tactics for drug delivery
Authors: Ullah Raja Summe , Wang Li , Yu Haojie , Abbasi Nasir M. , Akram Muhammad , -ul-Abdin Zain , Saleem Muhammad , Haroon Muhammad , Khan Rizwan Ullah
Published: May 2017

Polyphosphazenes (PPZs) are hybrid polymers comprising a main chain containing nitrogen and phosphorous linked through interchanging single and double bonds, and side chains.
Metallomic profiling to evaluate the response to drug treatment: hydroxyurea as a case study in β-thalassemia patients
Authors: Mazhar Wardah , Farooq Sabiha , Iqbal Ayesha , Ansari Saqib Hussain , Choudhary M. Iqbal , Atta-ur-Rahman Atta-ur-Rahman , Musharraf Syed Ghulam
Published: May 2017

Metallomic profiles of β-thalassemia patients after hydroxyurea treatment reveal a reduction in biometal dysregulations.
In situ incorporation of heparin/bivalirudin into a phytic acid coating on biodegradable magnesium with improved anticorrosion and biocompatible properties
Authors: Chen Yingqi , Zhang Xuan , Zhao Sheng , Maitz Manfred F. , Zhang Wentai , Yang Su , Mao Jinlong , Huang Nan , Wan Guojiang
Published: May 2017

Drugs were incorporated into a phytic acid coating on Mg by anin situchemical route for corrosion control and biocompatibility.
Encapsulation of enzyme into mesoporous cages of metal–organic frameworks for the development of highly stable electrochemical biosensors
Authors: Chen Wanwan , Yang Wensheng , Lu Yanluo , Zhu Wanjun , Chen Xu
Published: May 2017

The thermal stability of biosensors based on the confinement of an enzyme within MOFs was significantly improved.
Nickel catalyzed enantioselective hydroarsination of nitrostyrene
Authors: Tay Wee Shan , Yang Xiang-Yuan , Li Yongxin , Pullarkat Sumod A. , Leung Pak-Hing
Published: May 2017

A series of PCP Pd-, Pt- and Ni-pincer catalysts was able to generate chiral tertiary organoarsines in up to 80% ee under mild reaction conditions.
Role of Ni in hetero-architectured NiO/Ni composites for enhanced catalytic performance
Authors: Adhikari Sangeeta , Madras Giridhar
Published: May 2017

The effect of Ni in NiO/Ni nanocomposites and their contribution in photoelectrooxidation of dyes and substituted phenols were studied.
The open-cubane oxo–oxyl coupling mechanism dominates photosynthetic oxygen evolution: a comprehensive DFT investigation on O–O bond formation in the S4state
Authors: Guo Yu , Li Hui , He Lan-Lan , Zhao Dong-Xia , Gong Li-Dong , Yang Zhong-Zhi
Published: May 2017

How is O2created in nature? Comprehensive DFT investigations determine the dominance of the open-cubane oxo–oxyl coupling mechanism over alternative possibilities.
Lattice dynamics of the tin sulphides SnS2, SnS and Sn2S3: vibrational spectra and thermal transport
Authors: Skelton Jonathan M. , Burton Lee A. , Jackson Adam J. , Oba Fumiyasu , Parker Stephen C. , Walsh Aron
Published: May 2017

First-principles lattice-dynamics calculations are used to model and compare the vibrational spectra and thermal transport of four bulk tin-sulphide materials.
Femtosecond to microsecond observation of the photochemical reaction of 1,2-di(quinolin-2-yl)disulfide with methyl methacrylate
Authors: Koyama Daisuke , Donaldson Paul M. , Orr-Ewing Andrew J.
Published: May 2017

Multiple radical reaction steps have been observed in a continuous sequence with sub-picosecond to microsecond transient absorption spectroscopy.
Magnetic CoPt nanoparticle-decorated ultrathin Co(OH)2 nanosheets: an efficient bi-functional water splitting catalyst
Authors: Malik Bibhudatta , Anantharaj S. , Karthick K. , Pattanayak Deepak K. , Kundu Subrata
Published: May 2017

Magnetic CoPt bimetallic NPs anchored on ultrathin Co(OH)2 nanosheet arrays functioned as an efficient bi-functional water splitting catalyst where the intrinsic magnetism of CoPt was used to improve the stability further by providing external magnetic support.
Decomposition behavior of ammonium nitrate on ceria catalysts and its role in the NH3-SCR reaction
Authors: Chen Ze , Si Zhichun , Cao Li , Wu Xiaodong , Ran Rui , Weng Duan
Published: May 2017

Ceria catalyst's redox properties promote NH4NO3 decomposition while acidity inhibits this process.
Materials and toxicological approaches to study metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Gonzalez-Moragas Laura , Maurer Laura L. , Harms Victoria M. , Meyer Joel N. , Laromaine Anna , Roig Anna
Published: May 2017

The C. elegans biological responses to metal-based nanoparticles are reviewed. A cross-disciplinary workflow for nanoparticles screening in vivo is proposed.
Nickel(ii)–naproxen mixed-ligand complexes: synthesis, structure, antioxidant activity and interaction with albumins and calf-thymus DNA
Authors: Totta Xanthippi , Hatzidimitriou Antonios G. , Papadopoulos Athanasios N. , Psomas George
Published: May 2017

Six novel nickel(ii)–naproxen complexes exhibit selective radical scavenging activity, bind tightly to albumins and are DNA-intercalators.
Metrology of DNA arrays by super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Green Christopher M. , Schutt Kelly , Morris Noah , Zadegan Reza M. , Hughes William L. , Kuang Wan , Graugnard Elton
Published: May 2017

Crystal-PAINT super-resolution imaging enables high-throughput metrology of DNA nanostructures for quantitative analysis of arrays formed through self-assembly.
Four-stage biofilm anaerobic–anoxic–oxic–oxic system for strengthening the biological treatment of coking wastewater: COD removal behaviors and biokinetic modeling
Authors: Zhou Xin , Zhang Zeqian , Li Yaxin
Published: May 2017

Biokinetic models of high-strength coking wastewater with a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) was efficiently treated by a novel pilot-scale four-stage biofilm anaerobic–anoxic–oxic–oxic (FB-A2/O2) system.
Synthesis of aminothiazoles: polymer-supported approaches
Authors: Patil R. V. , Chavan J. U. , Beldar A. G.
Published: May 2017

Aminothiazoles and their derivatives are of immense biological importance and have been consistently synthesizedviavarious methods.
Synthesis of fused tricyclic indolizines by intramolecular silver-mediated double cyclization of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)acetic acid propargyl esters
Authors: Zhao Hai-Yuan , Wang Ying-chun , Cao Xiao-Lin , Pang Qiu-Fang , Wang Heng-shan , Pan Ying-ming
Published: May 2017

A silver-mediated intramolecular double cyclization of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)acetic acid propargyl esters for the synthesis of fused tricyclic indolizines is reported.
Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of acid soluble lignin adsorption from rice straw hydrolysate by a self-synthesized macro/mesoporous resin
Authors: Huang Qianlin , Lin Xiaoqing , Xiong Lian , Huang Chao , Zhang Hairong , Luo Mutan , Tian Lanlan , Chen Xinde
Published: May 2017

A self-synthesized HQ-8 resin was prepared using a O/W suspension polymerization technique and employed as a potential adsorbent for the removal of acid soluble lignin (ASL) from rice straw hydrolysate (RSH).
Enhancing capacitance of supercapacitor with both organic electrolyte and ionic liquid electrolyte on a biomass-derived carbon
Authors: Wang Xuehang , Li Yahao , Lou Fengliu , Melandsø Buan Marthe Emelie , Sheridan Edel , Chen De
Published: May 2017

Supercapacitor capacitance of biomass-derived carbon is improved by using a new H3PO4-impregnate NH3 activation method with HCl reflux.
Effect of solvent polarity on the photophysical properties of chalcone derivatives
Authors: Kumari Rekha , Varghese Anitha , George Louis , Y. N. Sudhakar
Published: May 2017

The photophysical properties were studied for FNPO, AFPO and FHPO in different organic solvents. The excited state of the molecules were found to be more polar than the ground state.
van der Waals epitaxy of large-area continuous ReS2 films on mica substrate
Authors: Qin Jing-Kai , Shao Wen-Zhu , Li Yang , Xu Cheng-Yan , Ren Dan-Dan , Song Xiao-Guo , Zhen Liang
Published: May 2017

Epitaxial growth of large area continuous ReS2 films on mica.
Cobalt supported on Zr-modified SiO2 as an efficient catalyst for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis
Authors: Wu Y. J. , Zhang W. T. , Yang M. M. , Zhao Y. H. , Liu Z. T. , Yan J. Y.
Published: May 2017

Catalysts of cobalt supported on Zr-modified SiO2 (Co/SZ) have been successfully synthesized via the sol–gel method accompanied by phase separation (SGP) combined with an impregnation method.
Efficient small molecule photovoltaic donor based on 2,3-diphenyl-substituted quinoxaline core for solution-processed organic solar cells
Authors: Xie Bao , Bi Sheng , Wu Rui , Yin Lunxiang , Ji Changyan , Cai Zhengjiang , Li Yanqin
Published: May 2017

An excellent PCE of 6.25% was achieved based on a novel OSM (TPACN)2Qx containing 2,3-diphenyl-substituted quinoxaline (Qx) as electrophilic core.
Incorporation of well-dispersed calcium phosphate nanoparticles into PLGA electrospun nanofibers to enhance the osteogenic induction potential
Authors: Wang Dandan , Xuan Liuyang , Zhong Huixiang , Gong Yihong , Shi Xuetao , Ye Feng , Li Yan , Jiang Qing
Published: May 2017

PAA modified Zn-doped HAp-like calcium phosphate (PAA-CaP/Zn) nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed in PLGA electrospun nanofibers, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of rADSCs.
Efficient removal of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) from water using freshly formed Fe–Mn binary oxide
Authors: Jiang Liying , Gu Youli , Guo Haiqian , Liu Lu , Chen Jianmeng
Published: May 2017

The removal mechanism of EE2: adsorption onto FMBO through hydrogen bonding and then oxidation by MnO2.
Interesting Ag3PO4 concave rhombic dodecahedra: the same face with different morphologies and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Guo Ruirui , Fan Yaoting , Tang Yu
Published: May 2017

Different morphologies of Ag3PO4 with the same crystal face give distinct photocatalytic properties.
FRET efficiency and antenna effect in multi-color DNA origami-based light harvesting systems
Authors: Olejko L. , Bald I.
Published: May 2017

Artificial light harvesting complexes find applications in photosynthesis, photovoltaics and chemical sensors. Here, we present the characterization and optimization of a multi-color artificial light harvesting system on DNA origami structures.
Monodisperse, shape-selective synthesis of YF3:Yb3+/Er3+ nano/microcrystals and strong upconversion luminescence of hollow microcrystals
Authors: Murali G. , Kaur Sandeep , Chae Young Cheol , Ramesh Manda , Kim Jongwoo , Suh Yung Doug , Lim Dong-Kwon , Lee Seung Hee
Published: May 2017

Synthesizing upconversion materials with 3-dimensional structures is of fundamental importance in understanding the relationship between their optical properties and their structures.
Directly grown carbon nanotube based hybrid electrodes with enhanced thermo-cell performances
Authors: Zhao Fang , Qian Weijin , Li Mengjie , Li Wei , Chen Lihong , Zhong Fengying , Huang Weijun , Dong Changkun
Published: May 2017

Ag–CNT hybrids are grown directly on stainless steel substrates, leading to much improved thermo-cell performances.
Facile synthesis of g-C3N4 nanosheets loaded with WO3 nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation
Authors: Meng Jie , Pei Jingyuan , He Zefang , Wu Shiyan , Lin Qingyun , Wei Xiao , Li Jixue , Zhang Ze
Published: May 2017

Possible synthesis and degradation mechanism for photocatalysts under visible light irradiation.
Sulfuric acid and Amberlyst-H+ catalyzed condensation reactions of renewable keto acids with paraformaldehyde: synthesis of a new dispiro bis-lactone ring system 2,9,13-trioxadispiro[4.1.4.3]tetradecane-3,6,10-trione
Authors: Amarasekara Ananda S. , Ha Uyen , Fonari Marina S. , Bejagam Shabari Nath , Margetić Davor
Published: May 2017

The acid catalyzed condensation of levulinic acid with paraformaldehyde at 80 °C gives 2,9,11,14-tetraoxadispiro[4.1.5.3]pentadecane-3,6-dione, in which the structure was confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
Highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by P2ABSA-modified TiO2 nanocomposite due to the photosensitization synergetic effect of TiO2 and P2ABSA
Authors: Yang Chuanxi , Dong Wenping , Cui Guanwei , Zhao Yingqiang , Shi Xifeng , Xia Xinyuan , Tang Bo , Wang Weiliang
Published: May 2017

A photocatalytic activity enhanced mechanism accounting for the photosensitization synergetic effect is proposed, with MB degradation pathways including chromophoric and auxochrome group degradation.
[2 + 2 + 2] cyclotrimerisation as a convenient route to 6N-doped nanographenes: a synthetic introduction to hexaazasuperbenzenes
Authors: Wijesinghe Lankani P. , Perera Sarath D. , Larkin Eugene , Ó Máille Gearóid M. , Conway-Kenny Robert , Lankage Buddhie S. , Wang Longsheng , Draper Sylvia M.
Published: May 2017

Novel, fully and 5/6th partially-fused, hexaazasuperbenzenes are obtained using a variety of oxidative cyclodehydrogenation conditions. Their spectroscopic properties are compared.
Synergistic activating effect of promoter and oxidant in single step conversion of methane into methanol over a tailored polymer-Ag coordination complex
Authors: Shavi Raghavendra , Hiremath Vishwanath , Sharma Aditya , Won Sung Ok , Seo Jeong Gil
Published: May 2017

Single-step conversion of methane to its oxygenated derivatives, such as methanol, is a challenging topic in C1 chemistry.
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial evaluation of nanofibrillated cellulose grafted by a novel quinolinium silane salt
Authors: Hassanpour Anita , Asghari Sakineh , Lakouraj Moslem Mansour
Published: May 2017

Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) is a bio-based nanomaterial with no intrinsic antibacterial properties.
A comprehensive understanding of water photooxidation on Ag3PO4 surfaces
Authors: Ma Zuju , Lin Sen , Sa Rongjian , Li Qiaohong , Wu Kechen
Published: May 2017

A systematic study of the mechanism of OER on Ag3PO4 surfaces by combining hybrid DFT calculations and first principles thermodynamics.
Synergistic interaction between embedded Co3O4 nanowires and graphene papers for high performance capacitor electrodes
Authors: Choi Jaeho , Kim Myeongjin , Kim Jooheon
Published: May 2017

Graphene/Co3O4 nanowire composite films were successfully synthesized using a simple, three-step treatment, and the effect of the Co3O4 nanowire content on the electrochemical properties of the composite films was studied.
Grandiflodines A and B, two novel diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium grandiflorum
Authors: Chen Neng-Hua , Zhang Yu-Bo , Li Wen , Li Pan , Chen Li-Feng , Li Yao-Lan , Li Guo-Qiang , Wang Guo-Cai
Published: May 2017

Two novel diterpenoid alkaloids, grandiflodines A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from Delphinium grandiflorum.
The effect of acid treatment on the active sites and reaction intermediates of the low-cost TS-1 in propylene epoxidation
Authors: Xiong Guang , Jia Qianying , Cao Yuanyuan , Liu Liping , Guo Zhendong
Published: May 2017

The role of titanium species and the effect of acid treatment on low-cost TS-1 zeolites have been investigated using gas chromatography-Raman spectrometry during the propylene epoxidation process.
Functionalization of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) via mussel-inspired surface modification and silane grafting for HNTs/soy protein isolate nanocomposite film preparation
Authors: Kang Haijiao , Liu Xiaorong , Zhang Shifeng , Li Jianzhang
Published: May 2017

A multiple surface modification of halloysite nanotube to reinforce the soy protein isolate films was developed to pursue sustainable goals.
A one-step process employing various amphiphiles for an electrically insulating silica coating on graphite
Authors: Kim Yeongseon , Qian Yingjie , Kim Minjae , Ju Jaechul , Baeck Sung-Hyeon , Shim Sang Eun
Published: May 2017

Herein, we report new way and mechanism to completely coat graphite (3–550 μm) with a silica layer within 12 hours.
Visible light-induced PET-RAFT polymerization of methacrylates with novel organic photocatalysts
Authors: Tu Kai , Xu Tianchi , Zhang Lifen , Cheng Zhenping , Zhu Xiulin
Published: May 2017

PET-RAFT polymerization was successfully carried out under irradiation of various LED lights at room temperature by using two novel organic agents 4-methoxybenzaldehyde and 2,4,6-tri-(p-methoxyphenyl) pyrylium tetrafluoroborate for the first time.
A direct four-electron process on Fe–N3 doped graphene for the oxygen reduction reaction: a theoretical perspective
Authors: Bai Xiaowan , Zhao Erjun , Wang Wencheng , Wang Ying , Li Kai , Lin Lin , Yang Jucai , Sun He , Wu Zhijian
Published: May 2017

The reaction mechanism for the ORR on Fe–N3-Gra is investigated theoretically. Our results indicate that the ORR is a direct four-electron process, and the kinetically most favorable pathway is O2 hydrogenation.
Au@Ag core–shell nanoparticles with a hidden internal reference promoted quantitative solid phase microextraction-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy detection
Authors: Sun Lei , Zhang Min , Natarajan Vinothkumar , Yu Xiaofei , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhan Jinhua
Published: May 2017

Structural representation of the SPME-SERS fiber with an internal reference and the SERS detection.
Thermophilic Enterococcus faecium QU 50 enabled open repeated batch fermentation for l-lactic acid production from mixed sugars without carbon catabolite repression
Authors: Tan J. , Abdel-Rahman M. A. , Numaguchi M. , Tashiro Y. , Zendo T. , Sakai K. , Sonomoto K.
Published: May 2017

Thermophilic lactic acid bacterium enabled homo-l-lactic acid fermentation from hexose/pentose without carbon catabolite repression, and open repeated production by immobilization.
In vitro–in vivo evaluation of hyaluronic acid-based amphiphilic copolymers for tumour targeted delivery: the role of hydrophobic groups
Authors: Zhu Zhihong , Li Dongyang , Li Yuenan , Yang Xinggang , Pan Weisan
Published: May 2017

Polymeric micelles are widely used as suitable nano-carriers for a variety of therapeutic applications.
Synthesis, growth mechanism, optical properties and catalytic activity of ZnO microcrystals obtained via hydrothermal processing
Authors: Araújo Júnior Edgar Alves , Nobre Francisco Xavier , Sousa Giancarlo da Silva , Cavalcante Laécio Santos , Rita de Morais Chaves Santos Maria , Souza Flavio Leandro , Elias de Matos José Milton
Published: May 2017

Herein we describe ZnO microcrystals obtainedviahydrothermal processing at 120, 150 and 180 °C, assisted by CTAB.
Novel [NF2O]+ and [N3NFO]+-based energetic oxidizers for solid propellants with super high specific impulse
Authors: Yu Yi , Chen Jifeng , Zhang Rubo , Li Yuchuan , Pang Siping
Published: May 2017

Novel [NF2O]+ and [N3NF2O]+-based energetic oxidizers show super high specific impulses with high thermal stabilities and synthesis possibilities, which may be used as a potential new generation of solid propellants.
Dopant-free multilayer back contact silicon solar cells employing V2Ox/metal/V2Ox as an emitter
Authors: Wu Weiliang , Lin Wenjie , Bao Jie , Liu Zongtao , Liu Binhui , Qiu Kaifu , Chen Yifeng , Shen Hui
Published: May 2017

Novel multilayer back contact (MLBC) solar cells employing V2Ox (8 nm)/metal/V2Ox (8 nm) multilayers achieve an efficiency of 19.02%.
Plasmonic W18O49-photosensitized TiO2 nanosheets with wide-range solar light harvesting
Authors: Li Junfang , Li Wentao , Li Xinshi , Li Yahui , Bai Hua , Li MengChen , Xi Guangcheng
Published: May 2017

Plasmonic TiO2/W18O49 hybrid nanosheets have been synthesized through an in situ solvothermal growth method. This hybrid catalyst exhibits broad spectrum light harvesting and photocatalytic activity under full-spectrum, UV, visible, and NIR light.
Facile synthesis of MoS2/reduced graphene oxide composites for efficient removal of Cr(vi) from aqueous solutions
Authors: Jiang Xiaolu , Luo Hanjin , Yin Yuwei , Zhou Weijia
Published: May 2017

Cr(vi) as a common heavy metal contaminate has attracted much attention for its high toxicity and bioaccumulation.
Amorphous FeF3/C nanocomposite cathode derived from metal–organic frameworks for sodium ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Liguo , Ji Shaomin , Yu Litao , Xu Xijun , Liu Jun
Published: May 2017

A cathode of FeF3/C nanocomposites has been fabricated by a simple vapor-solid fluoridation route which shows superior Na-ion storage performance.
Theory guided systematic molecular design of benzothiadiazole–phenazine based self-assembling electron-acceptors
Authors: Lee Dong-Chan , Jeong Youngjun , Brownell Lacie V. , Velasco John E. , Robins Kathleen A. , Lee Youngu
Published: May 2017

A systematic theory-guided molecular design of electron acceptors to reveal the impact of each structural subunit on the electronic properties.
Branched alkylphosphinic and disubstituted phosphinic and phosphonic acids: effective synthesis based on α-olefin dimers and applications in lanthanide extraction and separation
Authors: Nifant'ev I. E. , Minyaev M. E. , Tavtorkin A. N. , Vinogradov A. A. , Ivchenko P. V.
Published: May 2017

Branched phosphinic and phosphonic acids based on α-olefin dimers demonstrated promising results in lanthanide extraction tests.
LC-MS-based metabolomics reveals metabolic signatures related to glioma stem-like cell self-renewal and differentiation
Authors: Zhang Rui , Hu Peishan , Zang Qingce , Yue Xiaofei , Zhou Zhi , Xu Xiaoyu , Xu Jing , Li Shanshan , Chen Yanhua , Qiang Boqin , Peng Xiaozhong , Han Wei , Zhang Ruiping , Abliz Zeper
Published: May 2017

A metabolomic study of three glioma cell lines with different stemness were conducted. The specific metabolite signatures associated with SLC self-renewal and differentiation were characterized.
Pseudocapacitive titanium oxynitride mesoporous nanowires with iso-oriented nanocrystals for ultrahigh-rate sodium ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Dong Jun , Jiang Yalong , Li Qidong , Wei Qiulong , Yang Wei , Tan Shuangshuang , Xu Xu , An Qinyou , Mai Liqiang
Published: May 2017

Titanium oxynitride mesoporous nanowires (Ti(O,N)-MP-NWs) composed of iso-oriented interconnected nanocrystals with [100] preferred orientation and tunable O/N ratios are synthesized and exhibit remarkable pseudocapacitive behavior for ultrahigh-rate sodium ion hybrid capacitor.
Effects of the microstructure of solid-electrolyte-coated LiCoO2 on its discharge properties in all-solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Ito Yusuke , Yamakawa Shunsuke , Hayashi Akitoshi , Tatsumisago Masahiro
Published: May 2017

Li-ion conduction in electrolyte materials and its intercalation properties in active materials are key factors that determine the electrochemical performances of batteries.