bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Electronic Government Procurement System in Uganda; Challenges and Benefits
Authors: Scovia Apio , Jonath Asiimwe
Published: July 2024

The Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets Authority of Uganda (PPDA), the primary regulatory body in charge of managing public procurement and the disposal of public assets in the nation, developed the Electronic Government Procurement (e-GP) system, to address issues with the paper-based procurement system. Numerous obstacles prevent Uganda’s public e-procurement or e-GP system installation from becoming effective. This study aimed to investigate the advantages and implementation difficulties of the e-GP system. It used a qualitative research approach, utilizing a desk study review methodology that involved reviewing relevant empirical literature. Data collection was focused consistently on the aim of the research, and the keywords used were specific to the goal of the study. The study identified challenges in three technological, organizational and contextual categories. These challenges include; Inadequate IT & networking infrastructure, Acceptance and usage issues, IT security issues, resistance to change, lack of training and skilled personnel and legal framework as some of the obstacles to the effective implementation of the e-GP system. The system when effectively implemented also has several benefits enhancing, transparency, mitigating the risks of corruption, reducing financial and technological risks, increasing competitiveness, minimizing business effort, offering quality bidding, promptness, cost savings, and lowering the cost of purchasing goods or services at premium pricing. The study recommends investing in infrastructure; developing comprehensive training programs for government staff on e-GP systems, procurement processes, and cybersecurity; Certification and continuous professional development for procurement professionals and Change management strategies to address resistance in order to best maximize its benefits.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Predominant Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Pattawia Pineapple-Cultivated Areas in Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand
Authors: Phadungkit Parichat , Beesa Natthidech , Jindapunnapat Kansiree , Chowpongpang Srimek , Chinnasri Buncha , Sasnarukkit Anongnuch
Published: July 2024

The predominant plant-parasitic nematodes associated with Pattawia pineapple-cultivated areas were investigated using combined molecular and morphological techniques. In total, 134 soil samples were collected for nematode extraction from the main pineapple crops in 3 districts (Sam Roi Yot, Mueang and Hua Hin) of Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand. Based on the morphology, 6 plant-parasitic nematode genera were identified: Rotylenchulus sp., Meloidogyne sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Hoplolaimus sp., Mesocriconema sp. and Pratylenchus sp. The main plant-parasitic nematodes that occurred in Sam Roi Yot and Mueang districts were Rotylenchulus sp. (70.27 and 97.01 %, respectively), while in Hua Hin district, Helicotylenchus sp. (37.73 %) was dominant. Based on molecular identification, nucleotide sequence comparisons and the phylogenetic tree analyses based on the 18S and 28S rRNA genes revealed the species of the nematodes were R. reniformis and H. dihystera, showing 99 % identity with the nematode populations from Japan and China, respectively. Notably, the morphometric and morphological characters also identified these 2 species correctly; however, this technique required more time and may be less accurate. While R. reniformis has been identified as a common species in pineapple fields in the USA, India, Kenya, the Philippines and Nigeria, the current study was the 1st to report H. dihystera isolated from soil in Pattawia pineapple crops in Thailand.
Identification of Metabolite Compounds from A Ethanol Extract of Caulerpa racemosa using LC-MS/MS with Inhibitory Activity of Interleukin-1β and Expression Inhibitory Nitric Oxide Synthase Enzyme; In Silico Virtual Screening
Authors: Prayogo Ega Widya , Sholikhah Irawati , Suciati Suciati , Ekasari Wiwied , Widyowati Retno
Published: July 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the prevailing kind of arthritis, impacting a substantial number of individuals globally. The incidence of OA is on the rise and is projected to further increase due to the aging population and escalating rates of obesity. This study aims to evaluate the anti-OA potential of Caulerpa racemosa. The Caulerpa racemosa 96 % ethanol extract of the plant was analysed using LC-MS/MS. The metabolite compositions were identified as polyunsaturated fatty acids, terpenes, bisindole alkaloids and diterpenoids. The 18 compounds analysed by LC-MS/MS, and the binding affinity of the compounds to the target proteins Interleukin-1 (PDB ID: 1ITB) was assessed by molecular docking fucosterol (∆G = –8.29 kcal/mol), variolin A (∆G = –8.02 kcal/mol), and clionasterol (∆G = –7.50 kcal/mol) and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inducible (3E7G) was assessed by molecular docking. Brassicasterol (∆G = –9.25 kcal/mol), fucosterol (∆G = –9.20 kcal/mol) and 24-methylenecholesterol (∆G = –9.04 kcal/mol) exhibited the highest docking scores, indicating their strong potential as inhibitors of IL1β and nitric oxide (NO). This knowledge is valuable for the future bioassay investigations about the possible applicability of these medicines as innovative solutions for OA.
The Impact of Activation Heating Rate on Pore Structure in Teak Sawdust-Derived Activated Carbon and Its Application in Methylene Blue Adsorption
Authors: Kade Suriadi I Gusti Agung , Putra Negara Dewa Ngakan Ketut , Tirta Nindhia Tjokorda Gede , Adi Atmika I Ketut , Budiana Penindra I Made Dwi , Gatot Karohika I Made
Published: July 2024

Activated carbon (AC) is a multifunctional adsorbent with a high adsorption capacity because of its pore structure comprising a large pore volume and surface area. However, its pore structure properties are largely influenced by the chemical composition and manufacturing conditions of the raw material. This study examined the effect of activation heating rate parameter on pore structure and methylene blue adsorption in teak sawdust AC. The adsorbent was dehydrated, carbonized and activated at 105, 750 and 700 °C for 2 h, 50 min, and 6 to 14 °C/min, with a nitrogen flow rate of 200 mL/min for 50 min. Several characterizations were carried out to identify pore structure, proximate substance, functional groups, surface morphology, and methylene blue-adsorption capacity of AC. The results showed that activation heating rate with the best properties and capacity of MB adsorption were adsorbed at a peak of 10 °C/min. AC obtained has a C-C aromatic rings functional group, an amorphous crystal structure, an interplanar length of 3.03 Å, 75.74 % fixed carbon, pore surface area of 126.279 m2/g, pore volume of 0.235 cc/g, and a multimodal micropore-mesopore size distribution. This is in addition to adsorption capability of 13.48 mg/g for methylene blue.
The analysis of industrial injury on the example of metallurgical enterprises
Authors: Раматуллаева Л.И. , Шапалов Ш.К. , Уахитова Б.Т. , Баймуханбетова Ж.К.
Published: July 2024

Мақалада статистикалық әдісті қолдана отырып, талданатын кезеңдегі себептер бойынша оқиғалар санының өзгеру динамикасына талдау жасалды. Зерттеу нәтижесінде өндірістік жарақаттанудың негізгі көрсеткіштерінің өзгеру динамикасы мен сипаты анықталды. Негізгі факторлардан нәтижелі көрсеткіштің өзгеру динамикасы зерттелді, жиілік коэффициентінің өзгеруінің математикалық моделі, ауырлық коэффициенті және жалпы жарақаттану көрсеткішінің коэффициенті алынды. Зерттеу нәтижелерінің негізінде ұйымдастырушылық және техникалық іс-шараларды жақсарту бағытында кәсіпорында еңбекті қорғауды басқару жүйесін жетілдіру, сондай-ақ техникалық жұмыстарда, техникалық қызмет көрсету және жөндеу орындарында еңбекті қорғау талаптарын күшейту қажет деген қорытынды жасалды. Тікелей өндіріспен байланысты емес жұмыстардың басқа түрлеріне ерекше назар аудару керек. Жазатайым оқиғаларды неғұрлым егжей-тегжейлі талдау негізінде қарастыру және оқиғалардың санына әсер ететін факторларды зерттеу

In the article, using the statistical method, an analysis of the dynamics of changes in the number of incidents by reason for the analyzed period was carried out. As a result of the study, the dynamics and nature of changes in the main indicators of industrial injuries were established. The dynamics of changes in the effective indicator from the main factors were studied, a mathematical model of changes in the frequency coefficient, severity coefficient and coefficient of the general injury rate was obtained. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that it is necessary to improve the occupational safety management system at the enterprise in the direction of improving organizational and technical measures, as well as strengthening occupational safety requirements for technical work, places of maintenance and repair. Particular attention should be paid to other types of work not directly related to production. Review accidents through more detailed analysis and study the factors influencing the number of accidents

В статье используя статистический метод проведен анализ динамики изменения количества происшествий по причинам за анализируемый период. В результате исследования установлена динамика и характер изменения основных показателей производственного травматизма. Исследована динамика изменения результативного показателя от основных факторов, получена математическая модель изменения коэффициента частоты, коэффициент тяжести и коэффициент показателя общего травматизма. На основании результатов исследования сделан вывод, что необходимо совершенствование системы управления охраны труда на предприятии в направлении улучшения организационных и технических мероприятий, а также усиления требований охраны труда на технических работах, местах технического обслуживания и ремонта. Особое внимание следует уделить и другим видам работ, не связанным непосредственно с произ- водством. Рассматривать несчастные случаи на основе более детального анализа и изучать факторы, влияющие на количество происшествий
Портативті сканерлеуді пайдалану негізінде Жезқазған кен орнында тау кен қазбаларының цифрлық модельдерін жедел құру
Authors: Низаметдинов Н.Ф. , Баймагамбетова Л.Д. , Игемберлина М.Б. , Сатбергенова А.К.
Published: July 2024

В статье описываются особенности проведения лазерного сканирования горнопроходческих и добычных выработок на Жезказганском месторождении. Приведены порядок проведения съемочных работ с помощью ручного лазерного сканера Leica BLK2GO, построение трехмерных моделей. Технологии подземного сканирования с помощью портативного сканера позволяют ускорить процесс обследования горных выработок, абсолютно недоступных для маркшейдеров участков и получить высокоточные 3D-модели рудника, что в последующем поможет смоделировать геомеханическую модель месторождения. Приложение BLK2GO Live позволяет получить доступ к информации о состоянии BLK2GO, такой как аккумулятор, дисковое пространство или температура, а также для визуализации и управления существующими сканированными изображениями

Мақалада Жезқазған кен орнында тау-кен қазбаларын лазерлік сканерлеу ерекшеліктері сипатталған. Leica BLK2GO қолмен лазерлік сканердің көмегімен түсірілім жұмыстарын жүргізу тәртібі, үш өлшемді модельдерді құру келтірілген. Қолмен сканердің көмегімен жерасты сканерлеу технологиялары маркшейдерлер үшін мүлдем қол жетімді емес тау-кен қазбаларын зерттеу процесін жеделдетуге және кеніштің жоғары дәлдіктегі 3D модельдерін алуға мүмкіндік береді, бұл кен орнының геомеханикалық моделін модельдеуге көмектеседі. BLK2GO Live қолданбасы батарея, диск кеңістігі немесе температура сияқты BLK2GO күйі туралы ақпаратқа қол жеткізуге және бар сканерленген кескіндерді визуализациялауға және басқаруға мүмкіндік береді

The article describes the features of laser scanning of mining and mining workings at the Zhezkazgan field. The order of filming using a manual laser scanner Leica BLK2GO, the construction of three-dimensional models are given. The technology of underground scanning using a hand-held scanner allows you to speed up the process of surveying mining workings that are completely inaccessible to surveyors and obtain high-precision 3D models of the mine, which will subsequently help to simulate the geomechanical model of the deposit. The BLK2GO Live application allows you to access information about the status of BLK2GO, such as battery, disk space or temperature, as well as to visualize and manage existing scanned images
Geomechanical justification of the stress-strain state of the massive in the cleaning space
Authors: Кыдрашов А.Б. , Жумагалиева Н.М. , Рыскалиев М.Ж. , Жарылгапов С.М.
Published: July 2024

Тазартпа қазбасының табаны мен төбесіндегі бұзылыс аймағының қалыптасу динамикасын талдау нәтижесінде байқаймыз. 322-Д6-3-З лавасының бұзылу қадамдарына болжам жасалды. №22585 мен 22576 барлау ұңғымалары бойынша мәліметтер алынды. Бөлшектеу-жинау кенүңгірінің кендіңгегінен 56-59 м қашықтықта бірінші бұзылыс орын алғандығын шақтының маркшейдерлік қызметі бақылаған кезде табанның жиырылуы әсерінен 2018 жылы тазартпа кенжарының центрінде метанның көп бөлінуінің әсерінен газдинамикалық құбылыс болды. Лавада өте қатты газбөліну байқалынып, тазартпа кенжарында 4000 тоннадан 3000 тоннаға дейін төмендетілді, бұл дегеніміз газдинамикалық құбылыстың негізгі төбенің бұ-зылу қадамдарымен өзара байланысын көрсетеді

As a result of the analysis of the dynamics of the formation of the destruction zone, the roof and soil of the chamber. Lava 322-D6-3-Z destruction steps were assumed. The data were obtained for exploration wells No. 22585 and 22576. In 2018, a gas-dynamic phenomenon occurred due to the release of a large amount of methane in the center of the working face due to heaving of the soil, when the first disturbance occurred at a distance of 56-59 m from the rear of the assembly chamber. An extremely strong gas degassing was observed in the longwall, which at the working face decreased from 4000 to 3000 tons, which indicates the interaction of the gas-dynamic phenomenon with the main stages of roof collapse

В результате анализа динамики формирования зоны разрушения кровли и почвы камеры были предположены шаги разрушения лавы 322-Д6-3-З. Данные получены по разведочным скважинам №22585 и 22576. В 2018 году произошло газодинамическое явление из-за выброса большого количества метана в центре очистного забоя из-за пучения почвы, когда первое нарушение произошло на расстоянии 56-59 м от целика монтажной камеры. В лаве наблюдалась чрезвычайно сильная дегазация газа, которая на очистной забой уменьшилась с 4000 до 3000 тонн, что указывает на взаимодействие газодинамического явления с основными стадиями обрушения кровли
Мыс өндірісінің жұқа конвертер шаңын күйдіруден алынған күйіндіден Cu, Zn, Pb күкірт қышқылымен шаймалау арқылы бөліп алу
Authors: Досмухамедов Н.К. , Жолдасбай Е.Е. , Ичева Ю.Б.
Published: July 2024

В работе приведены результаты выщелачивания огарка, полученного после восстановительного обжига тонкой конвертерной пыли природным газом, серной кислотой. Исследовано влияние температуры, времени и отношения Т:Ж на извлечение Cu, Zn, Pb в целевые продукты при выщелачивании огарка серной кислотой. Определены оптимальные параметры выщелачивания огарка – температура – 40 °С, время процесса – 40 мин., Т:Ж = 0,9, обеспечивающие высокое извлечение металлов в целевые продукты: 97,3% свинца – в свинцовый кек, 96,4% меди и 99,5% цинка в раствор. Установлено, что при оптимальных условиях ведения процесса концентрация меди и цинка в растворе при выщелачивании огарка повышается более чем в 2 раза, в то время как концентрация свинца снижается почти наполовину

Жұмыста табиғи газбен жұқа конвертер шаңын тотықсыздандырып күйдіруден кейін алынған күйіндіні күкірт қышқылымен шаймалау нәтижелері келтірілген. Температураның, уақыттың және Қ:С қатынасының күйіндіні күкірт қышқылымен шаймалау кезінде мақсатты өнімдерге Cu, Zn, Pb бөліп алынуына әсері зерттелді. Күйіндіні шаймалаудың оңтайлы параметрлері анықталды – температура – 40 °С, процесс уақыты – 40 мин., Қ:С = 0,9, мақсатты өнімдерге металдардың жоғары бөліп алынуын қамтамасыз етеді: 97,3% қорғасынның – қорғасынды кекке, ерітіндіге 96,4% мыс және 99,5% мырыш. Процесті жүргізудің оңтайлы жағдайында ерітіндідегі мыс пен мырыштың концентрациясы күйіндіні шаймалау кезінде 2 еседен астам жоғарылайтыны, ал қорғасын концентрациясы жартысына жуық төмендейтіні анықталды

The paper presents the results of the leaching of the cinder obtained after the reduction burning of fine converter dust with natural gas, sulfuric acid. The effect of temperature, time, and the S:L ratio on the extraction of Cu, Zn, Pb into target products during the leaching of the cinder with sulfuric acid has been studied. The optimal parameters of the leaching of the cinder were determined – temperature – 40 ° C, process time – 40 min., S:L = 0.9, ensuring high extraction of metals into target products: 97.3% lead into lead cake, 96.4% copper and 99.5% zinc into solution. It was found that under optimal process conditions, the concentration of copper and zinc in solution increases by more than 2 times during the leaching of the cinder, while the concentration of lead decreases by almost half
Көктасжал мыс-алтын кен орнының флотациялық байытуын зерттеу
Authors: Сейсенбек А.К. , Телков Ш.А. , Мотовилов И.Ю.
Published: July 2024

Проведены исследования, направленные на повышение эффективности применения флотации для извлечения ценных компонентов из труднообогатимых медно-золотосодержащих руд. При изучении вещественного и минералогического состава руды месторождения Коктасжал установлено, что носителями меди является минерал халькопирит, золотохалькопирит и в меньшей степени пирит. Мономинеральной флотацией исследована флотируемость халькопи- рита и пирита в присутствии разных собирателей. В качестве базового собирателя использовали бутиловый ксантогенат натрия, в качестве селективных собирателей – амиловый ксантогенат и реагент ТС-1000. Проведены лабораторные испытания технологии обогащения медно-золотосодержащей руды месторождения Коктасжал. Результаты исследований показали, что реагенты амиловый ксантогенат и ТС-1000 повышают эффективность флотируемости ценных минералов

Құрамында мыс-алтын бар қиын байытылатын кендерден құнды компоненттерді алу үшін флотацияны қолдану тиімділігін арттыруға бағытталған зерттеулер жүргізілді. Көктасжал кен орнының кен құрамының заттық және минералогиялық құрамын зерделеу кезінде мыс тасымалдаушылары халькопирит минералдары, алтын және аз дәрежеде пирит болып табылатыны анықталды. Мономинералды флотация арқылы әртүрлі жинақтағыштардың қатысуымен халькопирит пен пирит минералдарының флотациялануын зерттелді. Негізгі жинақтағыш ретінде натрий бутил ксантогенаты, селективті жинақтағыш ретінде амил ксантогенаты және ТС-1000 реагенті пайдаланылды. Көктасжал кен орнының құрамында мыс-алтын бар кенді байыту технологиясына зертханалық сынақтар жүргізілді. Зерттеу нәтижелері АмилКс және TС-1000 реагенттерінің минералдардың флотациялық байытымдылығына тиімдірек әсер ететінін көрсетті

Studies have been conducted aimed at improving the efficiency of flotation for the extraction of valuable components from difficult-to-enrich copper-gold ores. When studying the material and mineralogical composition of the ore of the Koktaszhal deposit, it was found that the carriers of copper are the mineral chalcopyrite, gold chalcopyrite and to a lesser extent pyrite. Monomineral flotation investigated the floatability of chalcopyrite and pyrite in the presence of different collectors. Sodium butyl xanthogenate was used as the base collector, amyl xanthogenate and TS-1000 reagent were used as selective collectors. Laboratory tests of the technology of enrichment of copper-gold ore from the Koktaszhal deposit have been carried out. The research results have shown that the reagents amyl xanthogenate and TC-1000 increase the efficiency of the floatability of valuable minerals
Le plurilinguisme : une opportunité pour développer les compétences professionnelles interculturelles des enseignant-es en France
Authors: Gouaïch Karima
Published: July 2024

Notre contribution vise à alimenter l’un des axes de réflexion de la Journée d’étude « Regards pluriels sur l’interculturel en éducation : Quelles perspectives pour penser une éducation à la citoyenneté ? » sur les besoins de la formation des enseignant-es en France dans le domaine de l’interculturel. Pour ce faire, nous examinons la place de l’interculturel dans l’enseignement des langues à travers les instructions officielles ainsi que dans la formation initiale des enseignant-es du primaire. Par la suite, nous mettons à l’épreuve un dispositif de formation initiale au plurilinguisme et à l’interculturalité dispensé à des étudiant-es de 1ère année de Master Métiers de l’enseignement, de l’éducation et de la formation [MEEF] dans le cadre de la didactique des langues vivantes étrangères [LVE]. Nous étudierons dans quelle mesure ce dispositif peut contribuer au développement de compétences professionnelles interculturelles à travers une étude de cas de deux enseignantes entrant dans le métier. L’analyse de la biographie langagière de ces enseignantes, ainsi que leur mémoire professionnel, font état de compétences professionnelles interculturelles en devenir. Ces résultats laissent entrevoir le potentiel du plurilinguisme dans l’interculturalité.
L’apprentissage de la citoyenneté sociale : une dimension négligée à l’école ? Une comparaison France/Québec
Authors: Harmand Marie-Laure
Published: July 2024

L’éducation à la citoyenneté est devenue un enjeu incontournable des systèmes éducatifs français et québécois. Cependant, la dimension sociale de la citoyenneté semble être négligée et source de malentendus pour les acteurs/trices de l’éducation. Les contextes pluriculturels de ces deux nations expliquent-ils, seuls, les différences de mise en œuvre de l’éducation à la citoyenneté sociale ? Cet article vise à répondre à cette question en analysant les conceptions d’enseignant-es français-es et québécois-es de la mise en œuvre de l’apprentissage de la citoyenneté sociale. Il met en relation les enjeux relatifs à cette notion, au travers des normes liées à la citoyenneté et du concept de lien social et de régime d’attachement mis à jour par Serge Paugam (2023). Pour ce faire, cette étude se base sur l’étude de documents institutionnels et sur des entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès d’enseignant-es concerné-es par la citoyenneté sociale dans leur discipline (histoire-géographie, éducation morale et civique, économie et gestion, histoire et citoyenneté, éthique et culture religieuse, éducation financière) que ce soit en lycées généraux technologiques et professionnels en France et en écoles secondaires au Québec.
Coproduction de l’offre d’éducation préscolaire communautaire dans la commune d’Adjohoun au Bénin : analyse des dynamiques sociopolitiques
Authors: Bagri Séro , Tama Imorou Clarisse , Sambo Isaac , Badjagou Zacharie
Published: July 2024

Au Bénin, le préscolaire bénéficie de peu d’attention de la part de l’État. Pour corriger partiellement cela, l’UNICEF, en appui à l’État, a implémenté le projet Éducation & Communauté (EDUCOM). L’objet de cet article se focalise sur la coproduction de l’offre d’éducation préscolaire entre l’État et les acteurs/trices locales/aux, et l’exploration des actions de pérennisation des acquis du projet EDUCOM de la commune d’Adjohoun. L’objectif est de capitaliser les expériences de la commune d’Adjohoun dans la production des évidences de la continuité des actions initiées à partir du projet EDUCOM. Il s’est agi d’une étude de cas qui montre comment l’État et les acteurs/trices locales/aux contribuent à la coproduction de l’offre préscolaire. Elle est essentiellement qualitative et fondée sur la recherche documentaire, les entretiens semi-structurés et l’observation avec comme outils une grille de lecture, des guides d’entretien et une grille d’observations. Les données sont analysées suivant le modèle de l’analyse stratégique. Des actions de pérennisation ont été enregistrées. D’autres partenaires locaux et internationaux se sont appuyés sur les dispositifs mis en place dans le cadre du Projet EDUCOM pour intervenir en faveur du préscolaire. Certains Espaces Enfance sont rentrés dans le giron de l’État et de nouveaux espaces ont vu le jour. Les anciennes médiatrices ont été recrutées pour servir dans les mairies. Toutefois, dans certains villages, des difficultés de pérennisation ont été observées.
Anti-Retroviral drug and condom use among discordant couples in Western Kenya
Authors: Okeyo Frida
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of Anti-Retroviral drugs and condom use among discordant couples in Western Kenya. HIV seropositive individuals in discordant partnerships remain a unique target group in the prevention of HIV transmission, as the HIV-negative partners are at a high risk of acquiring infection from their HIV-positive partners if they do not adhere to established measures in infection prevention and control. Specifically, this study aimed to determine the uptake of Anti-Retroviral Drugs (ARVs) and condoms among discordant couples in HIV/AIDS support groups. This study followed a descriptive cross-sectional design in which a total of 104 seropositive individuals in HIV discordant relationships were included. The study was conducted in Migori County, Kenya. Quantitative analysis was done using SPSS. From our findings, the proportion of male to female participants in the study was equal (52 [50%] each) 100% of the participants were taking ARVs, and 81% of couples used condoms. All spouses in polygamous families and 77% of those in monogamous families used condoms. All workers in skilled employment used condoms compared to 75% of unskilled workers. In conclusion, despite the high alert on the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS among serodiscordant couples, not all couples use condoms to protect their negative partners. This increases the risk of transmission of the disease within this high-risk group. We recommend that prevention measures should be geared towards counselling discordant couples to curtail the further spread of the disease to non-infected partners in HIV-discordant relationships.
The effect of permanent fallow on the chemical and physico-chemical properties of typical chernozem
Authors: Belyaeva Svetlana ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Mamontov Vladimir , Efimov Oleg
Published: July 2024

The article studies the effect of permanent fallow on the chemical and physico-chemical properties of typical chernozem of the Kursk region (Haplic Chernozem, Loamic, Pachic). During 74 years of permanent fallowing, the properties of typical chernozem have undergone significant changes. The amount of organic carbon decreased by 45% compared to its content in virgin chernozem, from 5.07% to 2.7%. The annual mineralization loss of organic carbon was approximately 0.03% per year. The amount of total nitrogen decreased by 49% of its content in virgin chernozem, from 0.45% to 0.23%. Nitrogen losses were approximately 0.003% per year. The content of mobile phosphorus in the permanent fallow variant increased from 63.0 mg/kg of soil to 149.5 mg/kg due to the transition of organophosphates into mineral forms. Cation exchange capacity has changed from 49.52 mg-eq/100 g of soil in the virgin chernozem to 36.71 mg-eq/100 g of soil. The value of hydrolytic acidity decreased by 1.05 mg-eq/100 g of soil, and the total exchangeable bases by 11.98 mg-eq/100 g of soil. Keywords: TYPICAL CHERNOZEM, PERMANENT FALLOW, ORGANIC CARBON, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CHERNOZEM, TOTAL NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM
Çocuklar için Yaratıcı Kişilik Özellikleri Ölçeği’nin Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Güven Yıldız , Yılmaz Hilal , Efe Azkeskin Kadriye
Published: July 2024

Araştırmada 48-72 aylık çocukların yaratıcı kişilik özelliklerini tespit etmek amacıyla Çocuklar için Yaratıcı Kişilik Özellikleri Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma grubu, 2019-2020 eğitim ve öğretim yılı güz yarıyılında olasılığa dayalı olmayan örnekleme türlerinden uygun örnekleme esas alınarak seçilen İstanbul ilindeki okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında öğrenim gören 277 çocuktan oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucunda Çocuklar için Yaratıcı Kişilik Özellikleri Ölçeği’nin kapsam geçerlik indeksinin 0.67 ve madde-toplam korelasyon değerlerinin uygun olduğu ve ölçme aracının faktör analizine uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin üç faktörde toplam varyans değerinin %41.9’unu açıkladığı görülmüştür. Ölçeğin Yeniliğe Uyum ve Hoşgörü alt boyutu 9 maddeden oluşmakta ve güvenirlik katsayısı 0.76’dır. Sebat Etme ve Üretme İsteği alt boyutu 7 maddeden oluşmakta ve güvenirlik katsayısı 0.75’tir ve Belirsizliğe Merak alt boyutu 6 maddeden oluşmakta ve güvenirlik katsayısı 0.75’tir. Ölçeğin geneli için güvenirlik katsayısı 0.76 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Çocuklar için Yaratıcı Kişilik Özellikleri Ölçeği’nin 48-72 aylık çocukların yaratıcı kişilik özelliklerini değerlendirmek üzere kullanılabilecek 22 madde ve üç alt boyuttan oluşan geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Myths and Potential Benefits of Kombucha as a Functional Food: A Review
Authors: Amalia Rosalina Ilmi , Fahrudin Fahmi Ilman , Shahzad Alvi Adeel , Intipunya Pilairuk
Published: July 2024

Functional foods, known for their health benefits, are gaining popularity with increased public health awareness, and fermented foods and beverages like kombucha are remarkably esteemed. Kombucha, a fermented Japanese tea, ferments sugared black tea with a SCOBY, creating a drink rich in polyphenols, organic acids, vitamins, amino acids, and micronutrients. This review explores kombucha’s health benefits, including antihypertensive effects, blood glucose regulation, antidiarrheal properties, and antithrombotic activity. Additionally, kombucha enhances immune function through riboflavin production, exhibits antihyperglycemic effects in diabetic models, and shows antiproliferative activities against cancer cells. Its cardiovascular benefits are linked to improved blood cholesterol, blood pressure, and endothelial function. The fermentation process also produces a cellulose biofilm with diverse applications. As a functional food, Kombucha holds promise for preventing and managing various health conditions, warranting further research into its bioactive components and mechanisms.
Solar Irradiance Prediction for Zaria Town Using Different Machine Learning Models
Authors: Abdulwahab Ibrahim , Sulaiman Sulaiman Haruna , Musa Umar , Shehu Ibrahim Abdullahi , Musa Abdullahi Kakumi , Mahmud Ismaila , Musa Mohammed , Abubakar Abdullahi , Olaniyan Abdulrahman
Published: July 2024

The research is set to predict solar irradiation using various machine learning algorithms. This is done in order to construct and develop a high-efficiency prediction model that uses actual meteorological data to predict daily solar irradiance for the town of Zaria, Nigeria. To assist utilities working in various solar energy generation and monitoring stations in making effective solar energy generation management system decisions. Four machine learning models (artificial neural network (ANN), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and gradient boost tree (GBT).) were used to predict and compare actual and anticipated solar radiation values. The results reveal that meteorological characteristics (min-humidity, max-temperature, day, month, and wind direction) are critical in machine learning model training. The solar radiation prediction skills of multi-layer perceptron and decision tree models were low. In the prediction of daily solar irradiation, the ensemble learning models of random forest and gradient boost tree outperformed the other models. The random forest model is shown to be the most accurate in predicting solar irradiation.
Modelling the Effect of Macroeconomic Rigidities on Market Competition in Sierra Leone
Authors: Barrie Mohamed Samba ,   Macroeconomic Research Section, Policy Analysis Division, Research and Statistics Department, Bank of Sierra Leone, Bank of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the intricate relationship between macroeconomic indicators and imperfect competition in Sierra Leone, employing a prototype of an imperfect competition structural model within the New Keynesian framework. The model incorporates nominal and real rigidities, as well as market failures. Results indicate that Sierra Leone’s imperfectly competitive market introduces inefficiencies, leading to a muted initial impact of productivity shocks on macroeconomic variables. Wages and real interest rates exhibit moderated adjustments due to deviations from perfect competition ideals, dampening the effects on investment, consumption, and output. Policy and transition functions reveal a lasting influence of past capital accumulation and external shocks on aggregate output. The analysis exposes inertia in investment decisions and strategic actions of dominant firms. Steady-state results affirm a stable equilibrium in Sierra Leone, and eigenvalues exceeding unity underscore the model’s ability to capture anticipatory behavior in imperfect market competition. The correlation matrix highlights profound connections between economic activity, wages, and capital’s role in growth. Theoretical moments demonstrate economic indicator variability, emphasizing dominant firms’ influence on capital allocation and policy measures’ role in stabilizing interest rates and labor markets. The covariance matrix of exogenous shocks underscores external influences’ persistence and correlated impacts on Sierra Leone’s economy. These findings stress the importance of tailored policy responses to address market imperfections, advocating for measures to promote competition, labor market flexibility, dynamic investment, and stabilization of interest rates and labor markets.
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙПО ПРОБЛЕМАМ ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ АЗАРТНЫХ ИГР
Authors: Бурибаев Е.А , Хамзина Ж.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлен обзор результатов научных исследований, опубликованных в изданиях, индексируемых в базах данных Web of Science, Scopus и на портале Google Scholar. Эти исследования отражают ключевые тенденции развития социальной и правовой политики в различных странах мира. Обзор научных работ организован как по проблемно-тематическому принципу, учитывая направленность и концептуальные основы исследований, так и по территориальному признаку. Авторы не претендуют на исчерпывающий характер обобщения, учитывая динамичный и непрерывно развивающийся характер изучения влияния зависимости от азартных игр на жизнедеятельность обществ. Основная задача предлагаемого обзора –выявить ключевые направления и концептуальные основы исследования данной проблемы, а также обосновать необходимость и значимость подобных исследований для Казахстана.
INCLUSÃO DO LÚDICO NO PROCESSO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL
Authors: Almeida Laudenice Simão de , Santos Maria da Conceição dos , Bezerra Maria Aparecida Dantas
Published: July 2024

Este estudo se fundamenta na apuração na prática de inserir a ludicidade como ferramenta no processo emocional e de aprendizagem dos estudantes da Educação Infantil. Este trabalho fundamenta-se (Almeida e Santos, 2015, p.34), (Souza, 2015, p.1), (Teixeira, 2018, p.144), (Valente, 2018, p.27-28). A interpelação da pesquisa é qualitativa, descrita em um ambiente escolar no campo da Rede Pública nomeada em (EM) do município de Escada, localizada na Zona da Mata do Estado de Pernambuco. Tendo como sujeitos de pesquisa dois professores chamado P1 e P2. A escola fica localizada na Zona Rural onde atende um público diversificado tanto economicamente quanto social. O lúdico está envolvido na vida de toda criança e podendo contribuir no comportamento, desde a chegada para as impressões iniciais com o espaço escolar. Esta inclusão traz inúmeros desafios aos professores, bem como o desenvolvimento infantil no motor, cognitivo e o afetivo da criança, propondo um laço afetivo e a autoconfiança sendo construída diariamente. As atividades brincantes proporcionam inúmeros meios de conquistas, tanto adaptação e interação quanto na integração construtiva. Atividades bem construídas traz benefícios para a vida escolar. Durante o estudo se conseguiu notar que a ludicidade utilizada de ferramenta no ambiente escolar visa contribuir como instrumento diversificado e de grande valor estimulando a imaginativa da criança provando que ela pode adquirir conhecimentos através do lúdico, desenvolvendo habilidades propostas e superar desafios com o jogar e o brincar, visando o lúdico como um recurso para fontes de prazer, arquitetar, aventurar e agir com o intuito de superação. Com a leitura das informações colhidas, vem o entendimento que a execução de práticas brincantes é relevante no desenvolver do período infantil
ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE EM UM HOSPITAL DE CUSTÓDIA E TRATAMENTO PSIQUIÁTRICO SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Coelho Laís Garcia , Lindner Sheila Rubia , Rodrigues Jeferson
Published: July 2024

Este estudo buscou identificar as fragilidades e fortalezas da assistência de enfermagem às pessoas internadas em um hospital de custódia e tratamento psiquiátrico. O trabalho foi realizado a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter descritivo-exploratório, sendo o cenário um Hospital de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico de uma cidade da região Sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados, realizada em janeiro de 2023, se deu através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 13 profissionais de enfermagem da instituição. A análise de dados resultou em duas categorias (fragilidades e fortalezas) e quatro subcategorias: infraestrutura, gestão, assistência à saúde e cuidado de enfermagem. Os resultados destacaram as fragilidades da gestão do sistema de saúde público brasileiro diante do cenário de justiça e a forma como essas fragilidades impactam no trabalho dos profissionais da saúde. Por outro lado, a escuta ativa e o cuidado da equipe de enfermagem destacam-se como ferramentas fundamentais para superar esses desafios no âmbito judiciário e promover o cuidado integral aos pacientes internados no HCTP.
PELAKSANAAN PENYULUHAN TENTANG BENCANA BANJIR DI MANEGEN KOTA PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Antoni Adi
Published: July 2024

Banjir merupakan salah satu bencana yang ada dan sering terjadi. Kurangnya pendidikan pencegahan banjir musiman menjadi salah satu faktor risikonya. Tujuan kegiatan Penyuluhan ini untuk memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat di Desa Manegen Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Tenggara Kota Padangsidimpuan tentang pengetahuan terkait bencana banjir. Penyuluhan ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dengan pemberian materi berupa PPT dan aplikasi Leaflet. Kegiatan ini dilakukan selama 2 jam pada Hari Sabtu 21 Oktober 2023 yang bertempat di Desa Manegen Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Tenggara Kota Padangsidimpuan Sumatera Utara. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah kegiatan penyuluhan ini adalah peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat di Desa Manegen Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Tenggara Kota Padangsidimpuan Sumatera Utara akan pencegahan terjadinya bencana banjir musiman.
Quantifying the uncertainties in thermal–optical analysis of carbonaceous aircraft engine emissions: an interlaboratory study
Authors: Sipkens Timothy A. , Corbin Joel C. , Smith Brett , Gagné Stéphanie , Lobo Prem , Brem Benjamin T. , Johnson Mark P. , Smallwood Gregory J.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Carbonaceous particles, such as soot, make up a notable fraction of atmospheric particulate matter and contribute substantially to anthropogenic climate forcing, air pollution, and human health impacts. Thermal–optical analysis (TOA) is one of the most widespread methods used to speciate carbonaceous particles and divides total carbon (TC) into the operationally defined quantities of organic carbon (OC; carbon that has evolved during slow heating in an inert atmosphere) and elemental carbon (EC). While multiple studies have identified fundamental scientific reasons for uncertainty in distinguishing OC and EC, far fewer studies have reported on between-laboratory reproducibility. Moreover, existing reproducibility studies have focused on complex atmospheric samples. The real-time instruments used for regulatory measurements of the mass concentration of aircraft engine non-volatile particulate matter (nvPM) emissions are required to be calibrated to the mass of EC, as determined by TOA of the filter-sampled emissions of a diffusion flame combustion aerosol source (DFCAS). However, significant differences have been observed in the calibration factor for the same instrument based on EC content determined by different calibration laboratories. Here, we report on the reproducibility of TC, EC, and OC quantified using the same TOA protocol, instrument model (Model 5L, Sunset Laboratory), and software settings (auto-split-point: Calc405) across five different laboratories and instrument operators. Six unique data sets were obtained, with one laboratory operating two instruments. All samples were collected downstream of an aircraft engine after treatment with a catalytic stripper to remove volatile organics. Between-laboratory contributions made up a majority of the within-filter uncertainties for EC and TC, even for these relatively well-controlled samples. Overall, expanded (k = 2) uncertainties due to measurement reproducibility correspond to 17 %, 15 %, and 13 % of the nominal values for EC, OC, and TC, respectively, and 7.3 % in the EC / TC ratio. These values are lower than previous studies, including atmospheric samples without volatile organic removal; therefore, they likely represent lower limits for the uncertainties of the TOA method.
Determination of high-precision tropospheric delays using crowdsourced smartphone GNSS data
Authors: Pan Yuanxin , Kłopotek Grzegorz , Crocetti Laura , Weinacker Rudi , Sturn Tobias , See Linda , Dick Galina , Möller Gregor , Rothacher Markus , McCallum Ian , Navarro Vicente , Soja Benedikt
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a key asset for tropospheric monitoring. Currently, GNSS meteorology relies primarily on geodetic-grade stations. However, such stations are too costly to be densely deployed, which limits the contribution of GNSS to tropospheric monitoring. In 2016, Google released the raw GNSS measurement application programming interface for smartphones running on Android version 7.0 and higher. Given that nowadays there are billions of Android smartphones worldwide, utilizing those devices for atmospheric monitoring represents a remarkable scientific opportunity. In this study, smartphone GNSS data collected in Germany as part of the Application of Machine Learning Technology for GNSS IoT Data Fusion (CAMALIOT) crowdsourcing campaign in 2022 were utilized to investigate this idea. Approximately 20 000 raw GNSS observation files were collected there during the campaign. First, a dedicated data processing pipeline was established that consists of two major parts: machine learning (ML)-based data selection and ionosphere-free precise point positioning (PPP)-based zenith total delay (ZTD) estimation. The proposed method was validated with a dedicated smartphone data collection experiment conducted on the rooftop of the ETH campus. The results confirmed that ZTD estimates of millimeter-level precision could be achieved with smartphone data collected in an open-sky environment. The impacts of observation time span and utilization of multi-GNSS observations on ZTD estimation were also investigated. Subsequently, the crowdsourced data from Germany were processed by PPP with the ionospheric delays interpolated using observations from surrounding satellite positioning service of the German National Survey (SAPOS) GNSS stations. The ZTDs derived from ERA5 and an ML-based ZTD product served as benchmarks. The results revealed that an accuracy of better than 10 mm can be achieved by utilizing selected high-quality crowdsourced smartphone data. This study demonstrates high-precision ZTD determination with crowdsourced smartphone GNSS data and reveals success factors and current limitations.
Composite calcite and opal test in Foraminifera (Rhizaria)
Authors: Richirt Julien , Okada Satoshi , Ishitani Yoshiyuki , Uematsu Katsuyuki , Tame Akihiro , Oda Kaya , Isobe Noriyuki , Ishimura Toyoho , Tsuchiya Masashi , Nomaki Hidetaka
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Foraminifera are unicellular eukaryotes known to have a shell, called a test, generally made of secreted calcite (CaCO3). For the first time, we report a foraminifera with a composite calcite–opal test in the cosmopolitan and well-studied benthic species Bolivina spissa (Rotaliida), sampled from Sagami Bay in Japan at 1410 m depth. Based on comprehensive investigations including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, we inspect the morphology and composition of the novel opaline layer coating the inside part of the calcitic test. Using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and EDS analyses, we detected probable silica deposition vesicles (SDVs), organelles involved in opal precipitation in other silicifying organisms, confirming that the foraminifera itself secretes the opal layer. The layer was systematically found in all studied individuals and had no apparent substructure. Its thickness showed a growth pattern analogous to the calcitic shell of B. spissa, being the thickest in the oldest chamber (proloculus) and becoming thinner toward the younger chambers (apertural side). Its absence in the youngest chambers indicates that silicification occurs subsequent to calcification, probably discontinuously. We further discuss the potential function(s) of this composite test and propose that the opal layer may serve as a protective barrier against predators using either mechanical drilling or chemical etching of the calcitic test. Isotopic composition measurements performed separately on the proloculus part and the apertural side of B. spissa suggest that the presence of an opal layer may alter the calcitic isotopic signal and impact palaeoenvironmental proxies using foraminiferal test composition. If silicification in Foraminifera were found to be more widespread than previously thought, it could possibly have important implications for foraminiferal evolution, palaeoceanographic reconstructions, and the silica cycle at global scale.
Effects of Nonmigrating Diurnal Tides on the Na Layer in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere
Authors: Wu Jianfei , Feng Wuhu , Xue Xianghui , Marsh Daniel R. , Plane John Maurice Campbell
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The influence of nonmigrating diurnal tides on Na layer variability in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere regions is investigated for the first time using data from the Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS) on the Odin satellite and Specified-Dynamic Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (SD-WACCM) with metal chemistry. The Na density from OSIRIS exhibits a clear longitudinal variation indicative of the presence of tidal components. Similar variability is seen in the SD-WACCM result. Analysis shows a significant relationship between the nonmigrating diurnal tides in Na density and the corresponding temperature tidal signal. Below 90 km, the three nonmigrating diurnal tidal components in Na density show a significant positive correlation with the temperature tides. Conversely, the phase mainly indicates a negative correlation above 95 km. Around the metal layer peak, the response of the Na density to a 1 K change in tidal temperature is estimated to be 120 cm-3.