bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legalization of medical cannabis in Ukraine: issues of criminal law protection
Authors: Abakina-Pilyavska Liudmyla Mykolaivna , Myroshnychenko Nataliia Anatoliivna
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the legalization of medical cannabis in Ukraine. The main draft laws on the regulation of the circulation of hemp plants (Cannabis) for medical, industrial purposes, scientific and scientific and technical activities, the state of their consideration and the main conclusions of the specialized committees of the Verkhovna Rada were analyzed.

It has been established that the process of legalizing medical cannabis involves a special mechanism of organizational and legal regulation of activities related to the cultivation of cannabis for medical purposes, transportation, processing of plants and extracts of cannabis, the manufacture of appropriate medical devices using them as raw materials, as well as the conduct of scientific research. Such a mechanism establishes the procedure for obtaining permits, restrictions and rules for cultivation, transportation, processing, production and sale in terms of organizational, administrative and legal aspects.

The article notes that the current regulations do not cover social relations in the field of the production of medicinal products based on cultivated medical cannabis, and such activity itself may be associated with a corruption component in terms of permit procedures, the activities of control and inspection bodies and institutions, dishonesty of private laboratories, etc. It is proposed to conclude that the process of regulating sowing, cultivation, production of medical cannabis, etc. is in the realm of civil, economic, and administrative procedures, but ensuring legality and compliance with the rules and mechanisms established by these industries requires the participation of criminal-legal means. Such measures include the establishment of new and revisions of existing criminal prohibitions in order to ensure the criminal protection of social relations that may occur in connection with the legalization of medical cannabis.

Key words: medical cannabis, cannabis, license, criminal law protection, criminal liability, narcotic substances, medicinal products.
Separate Issues of the Criminal Legal Characteristics of Human Sterilization
Authors: Mykhailichenko Tetiana Oleksandrivna
Published: December 2023

The article examines the provisions of the current regulatory legislation. It is noted that currently the issue of sexual sterilization of a person is regulated by Part 5 of Art. 281 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, Art. 49 of the Fundamentals of the Legislation of Ukraine on Health Care and the Unified Clinical Protocol of Primary, Secondary (Specialized), Tertiary (Highly Specialized) Medical Care "Family Planning", approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 59 of 21.01.2014.

The criminal legislation was analyzed from the point of view of compliance with the international legal obligations that Ukraine undertook by ratifying the Council of Europe Convention on the prevention of violence against women and domestic violence and the fight against these phenomena, in terms of the protection of human reproductive rights, and the quality of the implemented it implementation was analyzed. The author concludes that the current edition of Part 4 of Art. 134 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine cannot be recognized as a successful manifestation of the implementation of Ukraine's international legal obligations.

It was determined that signs of illegal sterilization should be recognized as such surgical intervention, which is the absence of informed consent of the patient (s), the absence of voluntary consent of the patient (s), the use of illegal methods, surgical intervention in the presence of contraindications or the improper place or improper subject.

It was established that the Criminal Code of Ukraine, even before the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Criminal and Criminal Procedure Codes of Ukraine for Implementation of the Provisions Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence" (December 6, 2017 No. 2227-VIII) established criminal liability for illegal sterilization, and the introduction of the amendments created several problematic questions for the qualification of the actions of guilty persons who act in complicity, because it did not properly take into account either the provisions of the Istanbul Convention itself, or the norms of Ukrainian regulatory and criminal legislation.

Key words: reproductive rights, Istanbul Convention, human sterilization, illegal sterilization, forced sterilization, criminal liability.
Appointment of an additional punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to hold a certain position or engage in certain activities to a person who does not hold the relevant position or engage in the relevant activities (analysis of legal...
Authors: Dudorov Oleksandr Oleksiiovych , Pysmenskyy Yevhen Oleksandrovych
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of appointing punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities to persons who did not hold certain positions or engage in certain activities at the time of committing a criminal offense.

The article analyzes the legal positions formed by the joint boards of the Criminal Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court in the resolutions of September 4, 2023, on this issue. It is concluded that the approach advocated by the Supreme Court is erroneous. According to it, punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities may be imposed regardless of whether the accused held a certain position or engaged in certain activities at the time of the criminal offense. Based on the achievements of criminal law theory and taking into account the rule of law principle, the authors propose to interpret the Criminal Code of Ukraine in a different way; namely, it is emphasized that de lege lata, the appointment of the relevant additional punishment to persons who did not hold certain positions or engage in certain activities at the time of committing a criminal offense, should be excluded. 

It is also stated that the problem under consideration deserves to be resolved at the legislative level as soon as possible. Given the need to strengthen the preventive impact of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities de lege ferenda, it is necessary to clearly regulate the possibility of applying this measure both to those who held certain positions or engaged in certain activities at the time of the criminal offense and to those who did not hold the relevant positions or engage in the relevant activities.
«Trading in influence» or «abuse of influence» is a problem of qualification
Authors: Toma Marianna Heorhiivna
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the legislative tools designed to combat corruption, Art. 369-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Abuse of influence» occupies a special place. On the one hand, this prohibition is actively demanded in practice, on the other hand, its inclusion in the Criminal Code increased the casuistic nature of the latter, partially created an excess of legislative description of criminal behavior related to corruption, and due to non-compliance in this case with the principle of legal certainty, seriously complicated the application of Criminal Law of Ukraine in practice.

The criminal offense provided for in Art. 369-2 «Abuse of influence» of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is quite difficult to understand and apply. In addition, there are certain problems with the proper criminal-legal qualification of criminal behavior at the junction of such corruption components of criminal offenses as Art. 369-2 and Art. 368 «Acceptance of an offer, promise or receipt of an illegal benefit by an official», Art. 368-3 «Bribery of an official of a legal entity of private law, regardless of the organizational and legal form», Art. 368-4 «Bribery of a person providing public services» of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

The norm of Article 369-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is the result of the implementation of Article 12 of the Criminal Convention of the Council of Europe on the fight against corruption and Art. 18 of the UN Convention against Corruption. However, this implementation is far from perfect, which always creates problems for law enforcement.

The origin of the concept of «abuse of influence» is interesting. Most likely, it is the fruit of creativity of the Ukrainian legislator. After all, the concept of «trading in influence» is used in international acts, which in translation means trading in influence, but not abuse.

Thus, the specified composition of the criminal offense was permanently problematic in qualification and, accordingly, in understanding. For a long time, difficulties arose with the application of the note, which has lost its validity, and, accordingly, with the definition of the person authorized to perform the functions of the state. And although this problem was later settled by the legislator, the question of the nature of the influence still remains debatable: whether it must necessarily be connected with the official position or whether it is possible to use friendly, family and other ties - the appropriateness of fixing as a separate qualifying sign of extortion, as well as the type of subjects of the specified crime.
A comprehensive review of human health risks of arsenic and fluoride contamination of groundwater in the South Asia region
Authors: Aryan Yash , Pon Thambidurai , Panneerselvam Balamurugan , Dikshit Anil Kumar
Published: December 2023

The present study found that ∼80 million people in India, ∼60 million people in Pakistan, ∼70 million people in Bangladesh, and ∼3 million people in Nepal are exposed to arsenic groundwater contamination above 10 μg/L, while Sri Lanka remains moderately affected. In the case of fluoride contamination, ∼120 million in India, >2 million in Pakistan, and ∼0.5 million in Sri Lanka are exposed to the risk of fluoride above 1.5 mg/L, while Bangladesh and Nepal are mildly affected. The hazard quotient (HQ) for arsenic varied from 0 to 822 in India, 0 to 33 in Pakistan, 0 to 1,051 in Bangladesh, 0 to 582 in Nepal, and 0 to 89 in Sri Lanka. The cancer risk of arsenic varied from 0 to 1.64 × 1−1 in India, 0 to 1.07 × 10−1 in Pakistan, 0 to 2.10 × 10−1 in Bangladesh, 0 to 1.16 × 10−1 in Nepal, and 0 to 1.78 × 10−2 in Sri Lanka. In the case of fluoride, the HQ ranged from 0 to 21 in India, 0 to 33 in Pakistan, 0 to 18 in Bangladesh, 0 to 10 in Nepal, and 0 to 10 in Sri Lanka. Arsenic and fluoride have adverse effects on animals, resulting in chemical poisoning and skeletal fluorosis. Adsorption and membrane filtration have demonstrated outstanding treatment outcomes.
Werbalne działania nauczyciela wspierające uczenie się uczniów. Artykuł recenzyjny książki Urszuli Dernowskiej "<> w procesie dydaktycznym. Studium nauczycielskiego scaffoldingu"
Authors: Tłuściak-Deliowska Aleksandra
Published: December 2023

Przedmiotem opracowania są werbalne działania nauczyciela wspierające uczenie się uczniów w klasie szkolnej, a zatem stanowiące rusztowanie dla ich rozwoju, partycypacji i głębszego zrozumienia eksplorowanego tematu, a w efekcie ich niezależności w myśleniu. Spojrzenie na „rusztowanie” w warunkach klasy szkolnej zostanie osiągnięte za sprawą odwołania do książki Urszuli Dernowskiej „<> w procesie dydaktycznym. Studium nauczycielskiego scaffoldingu” (2022). Książka ta zasługuje na uwagę, ponieważ prezentuje diagnostyczne ujęcie faktycznych zdarzeń komunikacyjnych zarejestrowanych na lekcji w warunkach naturalnych, w których to nauczyciel jest postrzegany jako współuczestnik dyskursu lekcyjnego. Ponadto, w polskiej literaturze naukowej dostrzegalny jest brak wyczerpującego i monograficznego opracowania eksponującego bezpośrednio zagadnienie scaffoldingu w klasie szkolnej. W artykule podjęto wpierw rozważania nad współczesną kulturą uczenia się i myślenia wspólnie z uczniami, a następnie dokonano analizy przywołanej publikacji naukowej.
Drama pedagogiczna w międzykulturowym uczeniu się
Authors: Suchocka Agnieszka
Published: December 2023

Artykuł stanowi refleksję nad praktycznym wykorzystaniem dramy pedagogicznej w edukacji międzykulturowej. Metodę dramy traktuję jako ważny obszar aktywności uczniów dający możliwość samopoznania oraz zmianę społecznego postrzegania „inności”, gdzie różnicująca cecha przestaje być postrzegana jako niebezpieczna dla poczucia integralności jednostkowej i grupowej, ale jako godna poznania, dopełniająca jednostkowe tożsamości.
Teoretyczne eksploracje pozwoliły na wyodrębnienie podstawowych dla tekstu kategorii: drama, edukacja międzykulturowa. Zadaniem, które towarzyszyło moim poszukiwaniom badawczym, było również dokonanie opisu tożsamości dramy i edukacji międzykulturowej w kontekście celów edukacji międzykulturowej. Możliwość zastosowania technik dramowych zaprezentowana została na przykładzie zajęć z edukacji międzykulturowej dla studentów kierunku pedagogika.
What Is Applied Behavior Analysis? I know I understand nothing: Invitation to Discussion
Authors: Wloch Danuta
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study in the qualitative approach is to thoroughly analyse the phenomenon of ABA and to present the perception of ABA by people working with children with ASC[1] and by me to obtain a more accurate and reliable picture of the entirety of the examined problem. I will try to explain the various meanings given to ABA and the resulting misunderstandings. This will also be an attempt to consider what professionals working with autistic children criticise or support when talking about ABA.Another goal is to organise knowledge on the subject by showing the historical background.
 
[1]  Autistic Spectrum Conditions. On the 18 June 2018, World Health Organisation released its new International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). The ICD catalogues different pathologies and conditions to provide a common language to inform and control their development, as well as comparing and sharing data following standard criteria between hospitals, regions and countries in different time periods.  ICD-11 was presented at the World Health Assembly in May 2019 for adoption by Member States, and came into effect on 1 January 2022.
Enfrentamento pedagógico durante pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: De Souza Renato Aparecido , Fassbinder Aracele Garcia de Oliveira , Junior Hugo Baldan
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo objetivou descrever a experiência pedagógica de enfrentamento à COVID-19, na perspectiva dos gestores escolares do IFSULDEMINAS - Campus Muzambinho. Foi apresentada a proposta de ensino remoto emergencial denominada aprendizagem no “grão de café”. Utilizou-se a abordagem metodológica Education Design Research (EDR) em função da (i) modelagem da proposta; (ii) gestão da comunicação e da informação; (iii) regulamentação e orientação; e (iv) acompanhamento da permanência e êxito dos estudantes. O estudo ocorreu durante os anos letivos de 2020 e 2021. Como resultados, observou-se que o modelo proposto privilegiou os relatos positivos alcançados, os quais se devem ao envolvimento entrelaçado dos aspectos pedagógicos, humanos e das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TIC). Seguramente essa experiência deixará profundas cicatrizes pedagógicas, administrativas e de vida. Todo aprendizado pandêmico pretendemos aplicar em um contexto de "novo normal", mas um "novo normal, realmente novo".
Management of Colorectal Cancer Using Nanocarriers-based Drug
Delivery for Herbal Bioactives: Current and Emerging Approaches
Authors: Deshmukh Rohitas , Prajapati Mahendra , Harwansh Ranjit K.
Published: December 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex and multifactorial disorder in middle-aged
people. Several modern medicines are available for treating and preventing it. However, their
therapeutic uses are limited due to drawbacks, such as gastric perforation, diarrhea, intestinal
bleeding, abdominal cramps, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and adverse reactions.
Hence, there is a continuous quest for safe and effective medicines to manage human health
problems, like CRC. In this context, herbal medicines are considered an alternative disease control
system. It has become popular in countries, like American, European, and Asian, due to its
safety and effectiveness, which has been practiced for 1000 years. During the last few decades,
herbal medicines have been widely explored through multidisciplinary fields for getting active
compounds against human diseases. Several herbal bioactives, like curcumin, glycyrrhizin,
paclitaxel, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, catechin, berberine, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, chrysin,
resveratrol, quercetin, etc., have been found to be effective against CRC. However, their pharmacological
applications are limited due to low bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy apart
from their several health benefits. An effective delivery system is required to increase their bioavailability
and efficacy. Therefore, targeted novel drug delivery approaches are promising for
improving these substances’ solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic effects. Novel carrier
systems, such as liposomes, nanoparticles, micelles, microspheres, dendrimers, microbeads, and
hydrogels, are promising for delivering poorly soluble drugs to the target site, i.e., the colon.
Thus, the present review is focused on the pathophysiology, molecular pathways, and diagnostic
and treatment approaches for CRC. Moreover, an emphasis has been laid especially on herbal
bioactive-based novel delivery systems and their clinical updates.
Comparison of Different Extraction and Purification Methods of Lime
Peel Pectin and Evaluation of Physiochemical, Rheological, and Textural
Properties
Authors: Baghdadi Fatemeh , Nayebzadeh Kooshan , Aminifar Mehrnaz , Mortazavian Amir Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Background::

Pectin production has recently attracted considerable research interest
due to its various applications arising from its unique characteristics. Lime peel, as a by-product
of juice factories, has a promising potential for pectin extraction.

Methods::

Lime peel pectin samples were extracted by three extraction processes: a) 90°C of heating
for 120 min, b) 90°C of heating for 90 min and then 32 min of sonication, and c) 80°C of heating
for 60 min and then 22 min of sonication. Then, they were purified either by ethanol or sodium
caseinate (SC) and characterized.

Results::

SC purification did not enhance the pectin yield; rather, it diminished the level of nonpectin
components and resulted in purer pectin (i.e., lower sugar content). The samples purified
with SC showed much lower viscosity in solution and storage modulus than the samples purified
with ethanol, which could be attributed to their lower sugar content and higher pH (~ 4.6 vs. 2).
However, pectin samples purified with SC had a relatively high sugar gel consistency, maybe due
to protein retention in their structure as well as the preferential hydration effect of added sucrose.

Conclusion::

The compact and extended conformations of the pectin sample, which was extracted
by “(c) extraction method” and purified with ethanol, resulted in its high viscosity and storage modulus
in solution and the highest gel consistency (16.91 Kg.s) compared to the other samples. Regardless
of the conditions of extraction procedures, the purification method had a considerable impact
on the pectin samples’ characteristics and potential applications.
Development of NLC-based Sunscreen Gel of Green Tea Extract and its
In vitro Characterization
Authors: Sharma Bhawna , Chauhan Iti , Tiwari Raj Kumar
Published: December 2023

Background:

Green tea extract is a hydrophilic antioxidant. The challenge associated
with its cutaneous administration is its poor penetration. A system of solid-liquid lipids formulated
in the form of a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC), can improve the penetration. In addition,
Vitamin E oil used as a liquid lipid will aid in skin hydration, reduce particle size, and enhance
penetration.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to formulate the NLC-based sunscreen gel of green tea
extract.

Methods:

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were prepared by melt emulsion ultrafiltration
technique and were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI), drug
loading (DL), encapsulation efficacy (EE), and in vitro drug release. The optimised formula was
incorporated into a suitable gel base and an in-vitro sun protection factor (SPF) was determined.
Beeswax and Vitamin E oil were chosen as solid and liquid lipids for NLC formulation.

Results:

The particle size, PDI, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release of
optimised formulation (NLC4) were found to be 139.4 nm, 0.236, -11.0 mV, 84.20%, and 85%
respectively. The SPF value of green tea extract-NLC-loaded gel was found to be 20.035.

Conclusion:

The result of the current investigation depicted that lipid nanoparticles are suitable
carriers for green tea extract to be delivered as sunscreen gel.
Evaluating the Protective Effect of Melatonin on Atorvastatin-induced
Mitochondrial Toxicity in Pancreatic Beta Cells
Authors: Mehrzadi Saeed , Hosseini Asieh , Hosseinzadeh Azam
Published: December 2023

Background:

Atorvastatin and other statins belong to a category of cholesterollowering
drugs, which may cause some damage to pancreatic cells despite their effectiveness.

Aims:

The present study investigated the effects of melatonin against atorvastatin-induced toxicity
on islets of Langerhans and CRI-D2 cells.

Methods:

The MTT assay was used to determine cell viability. The effect of various concentrations
of melatonin (0,10, 50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 μM) on CRI-D2 cell viability was evaluated
for 24 hours to determine the non-cytotoxic concentrations of melatonin. Additionally, cells
were treated with different concentrations of atorvastatin (10, 100, and 150 ng/mL) for 24 hours
to determine a concentration that could induce the maximum cell death. After selecting the appropriate
concentrations for melatonin, cells were treated with atorvastatin (10, 100, and 150
ng/ml) and melatonin (10 and 100 μM) simultaneously for a period of 24 hours. Malondialdehyde
(MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione
peroxidase activity were assessed as indicators of oxidative stress. To assess mitochondrial function,
the ratio of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and mitochondrial
membrane potential (MMP) were measured.

Results:

Atorvastatin markedly raised ROS and MDA levels. This result was associated with a
decrease in MMP, an increase in the ADP/ATP ratio, and a change in the activity of antioxidant
enzymes. Atorvastatin (150 ng/mL)-induced mitochondrial damage was alleviated by concurrent
melatonin and atorvastatin therapy.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that melatonin has a protective effect against atorvastatininduced
toxicity in the mitochondria of pancreatic cells.
Identification of a Novel TSC2 c.170G>A Missense Variant: A Case Report
and Elaboration on the Yield of Targeted Options against Tuberous
Sclerosis Complex Manifestations
Authors: Papageorgiou Georgios , Skouteris Nikolaos , Valavanis Christos , Stanc Gabriela-Monica , Souka Efthymia , Charalampakis Nikolaos
Published: December 2023

Background:

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disease that affects
multiple organs and affects the quality of life. Mutations in TSC1 and TSC2 genes are causing
dysregulations in the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, inducing mostly
benign but also malignant tumors, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The diagnosis of TSC,
based on established clinical and genetic criteria, is essential for the optimal surveillance and
management of patients.

Case Presentation:

With the current report, we present the case of two sisters who were
consequently diagnosed with early-stage chromophobe-like RCC, possibly familial given their
young age. The younger sister also had a previous diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma,
for which she had been treated properly. Genetic testing of both revealed the same heterozygous
TSC2 variant that is currently regarded as a variant of unknown significance, while both patients
did not fulfill the clinical criteria for the diagnosis of TSC. Owing to these data, we opted to
manage and surveil both sisters as TSC patients, while we also considered the specific TSC2
variant to be pathogenic - but of low penetrance - based on clinical judgment and functional
analyses. Furthermore, we discussed the implementation of mTOR inhibitors for the treatment of
TSC complications.

Conclusion:

As novel pathogenic variants of TSC genes are constantly being explored, the
identification of TSC variants of unknown significance in combination with absent clinical
diagnostic criteria cannot exclude a TSC diagnosis. We support the implementation of clinical
judgment in assisting the diagnosis of TSC, as well as the enrollment of patients in clinical trials
due to the rarity of the disease.
Suspicious of Acute Kidney Graft Rejection: Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics
Under Methylprednisolone Therapy
Authors: Bidu Nadielle Silva , Mattoso Ricardo José Costa , de Oliveira Santos Otávio Augusto Carvalho , Alves Izabel Almeida , Fernandes Bruno José Dumêt , Couto Ricardo David
Published: December 2023

Background:

Acute rejection remains one of the main complications in the first
months after transplantation and may influence long-term outcomes. Tacrolimus has proven its
usefulness in solid organ transplants and its monitoring through the application of pharmacokinetic
concepts to optimize individual drug therapy.

Objective:

This research proposes to evaluate the tacrolimus pharmacokinetic parameters in
patients suspected of acute kidney graft rejection under methylprednisolone pulse therapy.

Methods:

Eleven adult tacrolimus-treated renal recipients were selected from a prospective,
single-arm, single-center cohort study, with suspicion of acute rejection although in use of
methylprednisolone pulses therapy. They were followed up for three months posttransplantation,
being tacrolimus trough serum concentrations determined using a chemiluminescent
magnetic immunoassay, and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by using a
nonlinear mixed-effects model implemented by Monolix 2020R1. A tacrolimus trough serum
concentration range of 8 to 12 ng.mL-1 was considered therapeutic.

Results:

Six patients showed acute cellular rejection, and two of them in addition had an antibody-
mediated rejection. Tacrolimus trough serum concentration was below the reference range
in eight patients. Most patients showed a high tacrolimus concentration intrapatient and pharmacokinetic
parameters variability.

Conclusion:

The obtained pharmacokinetics parameters helped in understanding the kidney
recipient patients’ tacrolimus behavior, assisting in the improvement of individual drug therapy
and reducing the risk of acute rejection episodes.
Performance Analysis of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing using Empirical
Mode Decomposition and Artificial Neural Network in Wireless Regional
Area Network
Authors: Jain Sharad , Yadav Ashwani Kumar , Kumar Raj , Yadav Vaishali
Published: December 2023

Background:

Radio spectrum is natural and the most precious means in wireless
communication systems. Optimal spectrum utilization is a key concern for today's cutting-edge
wireless communication networks. The impending problem of the lack of available spectrum
has prompted the development of a new idea called “Cognitive Radio” (CR). Cooperative
spectrum sensing (CSS) is utilized to improve the detection performance of the system. Several
fusion algorithms of decision-making are proposed for sensing the licensed user, but they do
not work well under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

Objectives:

To address the issue of poor detection performance under low SNR, Empirical
mode decomposition (EMD) and artificial neural network (ANN) based CSS under Rayleigh
multipath fading channel in IEEE 802.22 wireless regional area network (WRAN) is proposed
in this paper.

Method:

In this work, we propose the use of ANN as a fusion center. First, the received signal's
energy is calculated using EMD. The computed energy, SNR, and false alarm probability
are combined to form a data set of 2048 samples. They are utilized to train Levenberg-
Marquardt back propagation training algorithm-based feed-forward neural network (FFNN).
Using this trained network, CSS in WRAN is simulated under Rayleigh multipath fading.

Results:

Simulation results show that the proposed CSS method based on EMD-ANN outperforms
the standard fast Fourier transform (FFT) and EMD detection-based cooperative spectrum
sensing with a hard "OR" fusion at low SNR. With Pf =0.01, 100% detection accuracy
with proposed techniques is obtained at SNR= -22dB.

Conclusion:

The findings show that the suggested approach outperforms EMD and FFT based
energy detection scheme-based traditional CSS in low SNR environments.
Green and Convenient Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Active Mono and
Bis-dihydroquinazolines via a One-pot Multicomponent Reaction Under
Sulfamic Acid Catalysis
Authors: Samiei Amir , Bodaghifard Mohammad Ali , Hamidinasab Mahdia
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) and green chemistry are essential criteria for
the development of efficient chemical syntheses for valuable organic compounds.

Method:

The design, synthesis, and development of sustainable procedures for the production of novel
biological and pharmaceutical molecules have gained high importance. Herein, an environmentally benign
synthesis of mono- and bis-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones as pharmaceutically active compounds
was carried out in good to high yields of 80-99% within 45-120 minutes.

Result:

The desired products were synthesized via three-component and pseudo five-component condensations
of isatoic anhydride, a primary amine (aniline or ammonium acetate), and an aldehyde/dialdehyde
using sulfamic acid (20%) as a solid acidic catalyst under the solvent-free condition at 100°C.

Conclusion:

The easy work-up procedure, metal-free and environmentally benign catalyst, green reaction
conditions for performing MCRs, and high yields of pure products are some advantages of the presented
protocol.
The internalization of school environmental care through Adiwiyata program
Authors: Saadah Lailatus , Rusnaini Rusnaini , Muchtarom Moh
Published: December 2023

Low levels of education impact a lack of understanding of the environment importance. One serious effort to increase awareness of environmental protection and management is through the world of education, both formal and non-formal education. Schools become a forum for conducting environmental education through holding environmentally friendly schools. This research aims to analyze the internalization of environmental care in schools through the Adiwiyata program. This research uses a qualitative approach. The location of the study was at Junior High School 1 Panawangan Grobogan. Researchers collected data through observation, interviews, and documentation methods. Interviews were conducted with the civic education teacher, six students, the school principal, and the chief coordinator of the Adiwiyata program. Data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing were carried out by researchers as data analysis techniques. This research shows that internalizing environmental care can be done by implementing the components of the Adiwiyata program at Junior High School 1 Panawangan. Apart from that, the program is also supported by strengthening civic disposition given to Civics subjects. The Adiwiyata program combines learning and action that effectively changes student behavior to be more participatory in protecting the environment. This research has implications for schools to be able to collaborate with external parties such as environmental agencies, NGOs and environmental communities to increase students' understanding of current ecological issues. This collaboration can involve outreach activities, field trips, and environmental projects that actively involve students.
Social media usage and civic engagement among Indonesian digital natives: An Analysis
Authors: Tarsidi Deni Zein , Suryadi Karim , Budimansyah Dasim , Rahmat Rahmat
Published: December 2023

This study aims to identify the relationship between social media use and civic engagement among digital natives in Indonesia using the Grounded Theory method. The study involved 15 digital natives aged 18-24 who actively use social media, selected through a purposive sampling technique. The analysis in this study used NVivo version 12 Plus for MacBook. The study results show that social media use plays a vital role in the civic engagement of digital natives in Indonesia. The participants stated that social media use could help increase their awareness and knowledge about social and political issues in Indonesia and enable them to participate in related activities. In addition, the study also shows that social media use can facilitate interaction and discussion among individuals with different views, which ultimately can deepen their understanding and experience of social and political issues in Indonesia. However, this study also identifies some challenges and obstacles in using social media for civic engagement. One is the authenticity and credibility of information disseminated on social media, which can influence individuals' views and opinions on an issue. Based on these findings, this study recommends improving digital literacy and information verification skills for digital natives in Indonesia.
A portrait of affective assessment implementation in junior high schools: Assessing its ideality
Authors: Charismana Dian Satria , Ratri Safitri Yosita , Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: December 2023

Ideal assessment in teaching and learning should involve the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains following the Merdeka Belajar curriculum, which emphasizes Pancasila values. However, whether teachers can develop affective domain assessments optimally is still questionable. A literature study has been conducted by researchers and found that in Indonesia, teachers tend to develop cognitive domain assessments more than affective and psychomotor domain assessments. Therefore, this research uses a phenomenological approach to investigate the implementation of affective domain assessment conducted by school teachers. The participants of this study consisted of 18 middle school teachers in Indonesia. Data were collected through open-ended questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs). Data analysis was conducted using the model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which consists of three stages: 1) data reduction, 2) data display, and 3) conclusion drawing. The study found that teachers understand affective assessment well and emphasize the importance of instilling affective values in education to reduce moral problems. They also emphasize the need for changing teaching strategies and providing relevant materials to help students understand their lessons. However, the planning for affective assessment is time-consuming and the implementation in middle schools is not ideal. Subject teachers often handle this assessment, which should be the responsibility of all teachers, rather than just Religion, Guidance and Counseling, and Civic Education.
Implementation of nationalism value in Ubrug based learning
Authors: Dewantara Billy Julian , Aman Aman
Published: December 2023

This research aims to describe the instillation of nationalism values in ubrug-based learning. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative research. The research results indicate that the ubrug method or role-playing in instilling nationalism can enhance the students' nationalist attitudes. Students not only portray characters in the story being presented but also can extract the values contained in the performing arts, especially those related to nationalism, which is the goal of the learning process using the ubrug method or role-playing. Furthermore, the use of the Sundanese and Javanese Serang local languages continues to endure with the preservation of local wisdom, including folk theater like ubrug. However, the use of the local language also faces obstacles in the staging of ubrug within the school environment because there are students who are not native to Banten. Hence, they need to learn and adapt to the local language used in the ubrug theater performance.
influence of Islam on the stability and adaptability of the political system of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Олександр Костюк
Published: December 2023

In the realm of Iran's political landscape, we find an extraordinary, indeed unique, system that has endured for over four decades. This intricate political framework is rooted in the Shia Islamic tradition, setting it apart from conventional political models. It is marked by a remarkable duality, where the secular and religious spheres of authority coexist in a delicate equilibrium. Furthermore, it boasts a dual legitimacy, with religious institutions wielding substantial influence over the state's affairs. The primary objective of this discourse lies in the assessment of the system's efficiency and adaptability within the context of Iran's socio-political environment. A profound exploration delves into the direct impact of Islam on the various political institutions and organizations that shape the nation's destiny. Thus, Islam emerges as a pivotal factor in not only maintaining political stability but also in ensuring the resilience of the entire political system. Contemporary Iran showcases a synthesis of republican and religious governing bodies, incorporating Western democratic principles with the Shia understanding of the Muslim community's life. While all republican authorities are elected through democratic processes, they remain subject to oversight by religious institutions. Notably, the past four decades have witnessed a greater consolidation of power in the hands of the Supreme Leader and religious entities at large. Elected leaders of the republican bodies have progressively emerged from the religious elite, blurring the lines between secular and religious domains. Consequently, mass civil protests are now directed not at a specific body, be it secular or religious, but rather at authority as a whole. Central to the stability of this system is the figure of the Supreme Leader. In a truly unique fashion, the Supreme Leader simultaneously embodies divine and democratic legitimacy, standing as an unparalleled entity within the governmental structure. The dynamics of political processes in Iran unveil a nuanced reality: religion, while not directly shaping political events, seamlessly integrates into the political framework, dominating it and ensuring the efficient operation of the state machinery. Temporarily, this arrangement proves capable of upholding stability, adaptability, and dynamism within Iran's political sphere. However, an alarming trend of religious authorities encroaching upon governmental powers gradually erodes the fundamental essence of Iran's dualistic religious-political system. As a result, the benefits of such a system, particularly in terms of fostering political and socio-economic equity, are placed in jeopardy.
Architekt Mario Ceradini (1864-1941) i jego prace dla parafii salezjańskiej w Przemyślu do wybuchu I wojny światowej. Wstęp do badań
Authors: Trojanowska Marta
Published: December 2023

The article aims to show the Piedmontese architect Mario Ceradini (1864 -1941), his connections with the Society of St Francis de Sales, and his work for the Salesian parish in Przemyśl from 1908 to 1914. The findings are based on Marco Spesso's monograph of the architect published in 2021, available archival materials (Ceradini's letters, his projects for Przemyśl), photographs from the archive of St Joseph parish in Przemyśl and the Salesian Archive of the Kraków Province. It is for the first time that an academic paper speaks about this topic more broadly - until now there has been no detailed analysis of the chronology of his works for Przemyśl and the circumstances surrounding their creation. Also, there is no publication in Polish regarding the artistic biography of the Italian architect. The paper should be treated as a preliminary study.
Urinary stone ablation with a thulium fibre laser: a rate-of-completion evaluation
Authors: Arbuzov I. A. , Chernega V. S.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The main disadvantage of using the rate of ablation of urinary stones as a parameter of thulium lithotripsy is the dependence of this parameter on the energy and frequency of laser pulses. Therefore, the results of measurements of this parameter by researchers differ significantly, since they were carried out at different values of the energy and pulse frequency, as well as at different values of the radiographic density of stones.

Objective. To develop a universal indicator to assess the specific value of reducing the mass of urinary stones when performing laser lithotripsy.

Materials & methods. We have analyzed scientific publications in domestic and foreign specialized publications (2005 to 2023) related to the measurement of urinary stone ablation rate during thulium laser lithotripsy. We used physical methods of estimation of specific values when we developed a universal indicator of specific value of stone mass reduction.

Results. Having processed the data, we obtained the average value of the specific indicator of urinary stone mass reduction per unit of pulse energy during thulium lithotripsy in the ‘dusting mode’, equal to 0.059 ± 0.003 mg/J. The article provides a formula for calculating the "pure" time of lithotripsy, as well as examples of calculating the specific indicator of the stone mass reduction and the time of lithotripsy.

Conclusion. This value can be used both to evaluate the efficiency of thulium laser lithotripsy and to predict the time of lithotripsy.
Huge left-sided sliding inguinal bladder hernia
Authors: Guliev B. G. , Soloviev I. A. , Stetsik E. O. , Andriyanov A. A.
Published: December 2023

Sliding inguinal bladder hernia (IBH) is a scarce pathology whose prevalence is higher in men and increases with age. Subject literature searches in PubMed, eLibrary, and MedLine databases covering 1990 to 2023 selected 27 articles for analysis. We studied the prevalence of sliding IBH, its diagnostic methods, and therapeutic tactics. The clinical case also presents our own observation of giant sliding IBH. In a 70-year-old man, the bladder was almost completely displaced into the hernia sac, and chronic kidney disease occurred due to urinary retention. After drainage of bladder, normalisation of creatinine and stabilisation of the patient's general condition, we performed hernioplasty.
Huge renal angiomyolipoma
Authors: Kamalov A. A. , Sorokin N. I. , Khokhlov M. A. , Pshikhachev A. M. , Shomarufov A. B. , Tsigura D. A. , Abbosov Sh. A. , Sitnikov A. V. , Danilova N. V.
Published: December 2023

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare solid benign tumor composed of varying amounts of mature adipose tissue, smooth muscle, and thick-walled vessels. This article presents a clinical observation and immediate results of a two-stage treatment of giant renal AML (preliminary superselective embolization with further partial nephrectomy) in a 58-year-old woman.
Thesis research in urology: what is good and what is bad?
Authors: Kogan M. I.
Published: December 2023

Insufficient attention of clinicians to scientific research is one of the major concerns of medical education. To date, urological science is developing so rapidly that it is difficult for physicians to stay within the limits of modern technology. Urological science and clinical management should closely cooperate and share experience. In this regard, it seems useful to understand the problems of thesis research in urology. Of course, to understand not all the problems, but only a part of them, presented on the website of the High Certification Committee. Ten-year analysis (2013 – 2022) allows us to see trends and weaknesses, to form assumptions about the causes of processes and to see adjusting directions of unfavourable influencing factors on scientific research in urology.
Diode laser surgery for benign prostate hyperplasia: a comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of two techniques
Authors: Rakhimov S. A. , Feovilov I. V. , Arbuzov I. A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The urgency of the issues evaluating the effectiveness of various laser surgery techniques in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is determined by the presence of a significant number of various complications.

Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of two methods of diode laser surgery for benign prostate hyperplasia.

Materials & methods. Retrospective study by monitoring and analysing histories included 52 patients with BPH to compare the efficacy and safety of two techniques of diode laser surgery of BPH. The surgical intervention (prostate enucleation — DiLep or vaporization — DiVap) was performed using diode laser with power of 150 W and wavelength of 980 nm ("MILON" Ent., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation). The efficacy of laser technologies was evaluated according to the following criteria: surgery time (min), prostate volume (cx), post-void residual urine volume (ml), severity of LUTS and quality of life related to urination according to the IPSS-QoL scale (points).

Results. The DiLep time for prostate volume 71.3 ± 20.2 cc was 62 - 95 min (71.3 ± 12.6 min), whereas for prostate volume 70.4 ± 21.3 cc the DiVap duration was 50 – 67 min (59.8 ± 8.6 min) with a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.0001). The mean length of hospital stay for patients in the DiLep group was 3.4 ± 1.2 bed-days, whereas in the DiVap patient group it was significantly shorter and averaged 2.2 ± 1.1 bed-days (p = 0.008).

Conclusion. Diode laser vaporization (DiVap) requires significantly less surgery time and length of hospital stay than hyperplasia enucleation (DiLep).
A case of development of membranous nephropathy against the background of atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome activated as a result of acute respiratory viral infection
Authors: Batiushin M. M. , Beloborodova T. P. , Korobka V. L. , Nesterenko I. N. , Sinelnik E. A. , Bronovitskaya N. A. , Bondarenko N. B. , Batiushina A. M.
Published: December 2023

The article considers a clinical case of atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome, which was the starting mechanism for the development of membranous nephropathy. Patient X. 23 years after acute respiratory viral infection, signs of nephrotic syndrome, arterial hypertension, and impaired kidney function appeared. Puncture nephrobiopsy was performed and the morphological picture corresponds to immunocomplex glomerulonephritis, most likely membranous nephropathy with the presence of segmental glomerulosclerosis, cellular half-moons. In parallel, the patient had verified signs of thrombotic microangiopathy in the form of microangiopathic anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased lactate dehydrogenase levels as a sign of cytolysis (primarily intravascular hemolysis). During the differential diagnosis, we stopped at the diagnosis of atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The uniqueness of the described clinical case is that cases of glomerulonephritis against the background of atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome are extremely rare, and membranous nephropathy is described for the first time.