bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A report of cerebral malaria treated with automated red blood cell exchange
Authors: Anani Waseem Q. , Smith Gerald P. , Irani Mehraboon , Puca Kathleen E.
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUND

Adjunctive automated whole blood or red blood cell exchange (RBCEx) can rapidly decrease malarial hyperparasitemia. Several case reports and series suggest improvement in clinical symptomatology; however, recent Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations concluded that RBCEx has no efficacy as an adjunctive therapy. We present a case of mental status changes secondary to cerebral malaria treated with automated RBCEx resulting in rapid and dramatic neurologic improvement.

CASE REPORT

An 84‐year‐old Somali woman presented with a 3‐day history of altered mental status, spiking fevers, chills, bilateral leg pain and weakness, and intermittent diarrhea. Her travel history included a recent trip to Kenya for 1 month without antimalarial chemoprophylaxis. During the hospital stay, her health declined, and she became obtunded. Physical examination revealed fever, tachypnea, hypertension, hypoxia, and no response to verbal or physical stimuli. Her hemoglobin decreased from 12.6 to 6.5 g/dL with 12% intraerythrocytic parasitemia by thin smear. Intraerythrocytic trophozoites and banana‐shaped gametocytes were present consistent with Plasmodium falciparum. An emergent 1.5‐volume RBC mass automated RBCEx and quinidine infusion decreased her parasitemia to 2%. The patient's mental status improved throughout the procedure, and after the 2½‐hour procedure, the patient was alert, oriented, and speaking coherently. The patient continued to receive quinidine and artesunate 1 day later from CDC.

CONCLUSION

Automated RBCEx transfusion reduced the parasite burden and restored neurologic functioning in a patient with cerebral malaria while awaiting definitive treatment with artesunate.
Characteristics of extracellular cyclicAMP‐dependent protein kinase as a biomarker of cancer in dogs
Authors: Bhang D. H. , Choi U. S. , Kim B. G. , Lee S.‐N. , Lee S. , Roh H.‐S. , Chung W.‐J. , Jeon K. O. , Song W. J. , Youn H.‐Y. , Baek K.‐H.
Published: February 2017

Objective

Early and proper diagnosis of cancer is the most critical factor for the survival and treatment of veterinary cancer patients. In this study, we evaluated extracellular cyclicAMP‐dependent protein kinase A (ECPKA) level in serum as a useful cancer biomarker in dogs.

Methods

ECPKAlevels were detected in sera from dogs with cancers (n = 48), benign tumours (n = 18), and non‐tumour diseases (n = 102) as well as healthy control dogs (n = 54) utilizing enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

Sera from dogs bearing various types of cancer exhibited markedly increased levels ofECPKAby up to 7.1‐, 8.8‐, and 10.9‐fold compared with those from dogs harbouring benign tumours, dogs with non‐tumour diseases, and healthy control dogs, respectively (P < .0001). In addition, serumECPKAlevel did not show statistically significant correlation with gender, breed, or age of dogs or their non‐cancerous disease conditions.

Conclusion

Our data strongly propose that detection of serumECPKAlevel is a potential and specific diagnostic tool for cancer in dogs.
The Impact of Attractiveness on Athletic Performance of Tennis Players
Authors: Bakkenbüll Linn-Brit
Published: February 2017

The present study examines whether there is an impact of physical attractiveness on athletic performance of professional tennis players. Moreover, this study analyses whether there are gender-specific differences. Different multiple regressions reveal a significantly positive relationship between physical attractiveness and athletic performance. Regression results show that there are no differences between male and female tennis players. Furthermore, this study examines determinants that influence athletic performance. For managers or coaches, the findings suggest that managers or coaches would benefit from hiring more attractive tennis players. More attractive and therefore more successful tennis players may earn higher prize money and generate greater contracts, for example, in terms of sponsoring. This also creates greater revenues for managers or coaches. This holds true for both, male and female tennis players.
Level structures on abelian varieties and Vojta’s conjecture
Authors: Abramovich Dan , Várilly-Alvarado Anthony
Published: February 2017

Assuming Vojta’s conjecture, and building on recent work of the authors, we prove that, for a fixed number field $K$ and a positive integer $g$, there is an integer $m_{0}$ such that for any $m>m_{0}$ there is no principally polarized abelian variety $A/K$ of dimension $g$ with full level-$m$ structure. To this end, we develop a version of Vojta’s conjecture for Deligne–Mumford stacks, which we deduce from Vojta’s conjecture for schemes.
Computational analysis of the human sinus node action potential: model development and effects of mutations
Authors: Fabbri Alan , Fantini Matteo , Wilders Ronald , Severi Stefano
Published: February 2017

Key points

We constructed a comprehensive mathematical model of the spontaneous electrical activity of a human sinoatrial node (SAN) pacemaker cell, starting from the recent Severi–DiFrancesco model of rabbit SAN cells.

Our model is based on electrophysiological data from isolated human SAN pacemaker cells and closely matches the action potentials and calcium transient that were recorded experimentally.

Simulated ion channelopathies explain the clinically observed changes in heart rate in corresponding mutation carriers, providing an independent qualitative validation of the model.

The model shows that the modulatory role of the ‘funny current’ (If) in the pacing rate of human SAN pacemaker cells is highly similar to that of rabbit SAN cells, despite its considerably lower amplitude.

The model may prove useful in the design of experiments and the development of heart‐rate modulating drugs.

The sinoatrial node (SAN) is the normal pacemaker of the mammalian heart.  Over several decades, a large amount of data on the ionic mechanisms underlying the spontaneous electrical activity of SAN pacemaker cells has been obtained, mostly in experiments on single cells isolated from rabbit SAN. This wealth of data has allowed the development of mathematical models of the electrical activity of rabbit SAN pacemaker cells. The present study aimed to construct a comprehensive model of the electrical activity of a human SAN pacemaker cell using recently obtained electrophysiological data from human SAN pacemaker cells.  We based our model on the recent Severi–DiFrancesco model of a rabbit SAN pacemaker cell. The action potential and calcium transient of the resulting model are close to the experimentally recorded values. The model has a much smaller ‘funny current’ (If) than do rabbit cells, although its modulatory role is highly similar. Changes in pacing rate upon the implementation of mutations associated with sinus node dysfunction agree with the clinical observations. This agreement holds for both loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function mutations in the HCN4, SCN5A and KCNQ1 genes, underlying ion channelopathies in If, fast sodium current and slow delayed rectifier potassium current, respectively. We conclude that our human SAN cell model can be a useful tool in the design of experiments and the development of drugs that aim to modulate heart rate.
Validación de la escala Seguridad en el Sistema Familiar (SIFS) en dos muestras españolas de adolescentes y jóvenes residentes con su familia e institucionalizados
Authors: López-Larrosa Silvia , Mendiri-Ruiz-de-Alda Paula , Sánchez Souto Vanesa
Published: February 2017

En este trabajo se analizan las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de Seguridad en el Sistema Familiar (SIFS) (Forman & Davies, 2005), que mide la percepción de seguridad o amenaza que tienen los hijos acerca del sistema familiar. El punto de partida teórico de SIFS es la teoría de la seguridad emocional (Cummings & Davies, 2010). La muestra estuvo compuesta por un total de 922 adolescentes y jóvenes españoles, de los cuales 169 estaban institucionalizados (media de edad 15.67 años) y 752 vivían con sus familias (media de edad 14.9). Los resultados de los análisis factoriales exploratorio y confirmatorio indicaron que el instrumento es adecuado para evaluar la seguridad en el sistema familiar en muestras de adolescentes y jóvenes españoles institucionalizados y no institucionalizados, identificándose las tres dimensiones que predice el modelo (seguridad, preocupación y desvinculación) con una buena consistencia interna en ambas muestras.
Análisis psicométrico y adaptación de la escala de actitudes comunitarias hacia la enfermedad mental (CAMI) en una muestra chilena
Authors: Grandón Fernández Pamela , Saldivia Bórquez Sandra , Cova Solar Felix , Bustos Navarrete Claudio , Turra Chávez Victor
Published: February 2017

El estigma está considerado como el principal obstáculo para la recuperación de las personas que sufren trastornos mentales (TM). La presente investigación tuvo el objetivo de analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Actitudes Comunitarias hacia la Enfermedad Mental (CAMI), que evalúa el estigma del público hacia las personas con TM.

Se tomaron 2 muestras por conveniencia, la primera compuesta por 399 personas y la segunda por 350. Los resultados indican que el instrumento final posee 2 factores “Aceptación” y “Rechazo a la instalación de centros de salud mental en la comunidad” cada uno compuesto por 5 ítems. Los índices del ajuste del modelo obtenido en el análisis factorial confirmatorio, así como la consistencia interna del instrumento son adecuados.
Drive for thinness and pursuit of muscularity: the role of gender ideologies
Authors: Magallares Alejandro
Published: February 2017

The female sociocultural beauty ideal is ultra-thin, while the male beauty ideal is related with a muscular body. In this paper it is argued that these differences may be explained by the gender ideology that men and women have. Data obtained from 615 female students (with a Body Mass Index between 18 and 30) revealed that participants high in a gender ideology scale reported greater drive for thinness and less pursuit of muscularity. In addition, women with low scores in a gender ideology scale showed the opposite pattern: high scores on pursuit of muscularity and low in drive for thinness. Finally, it is discussed why men and women adopt different strategies to deal with these beauty ideals.
Integración de la información de pensamientos Kohlberianos acerca del sexo consentido
Authors: Hommers Wilfried , Görs Marijke
Published: February 2017

The unification of two major approaches to moral judgment is the purpose of the present approach. Kohlberg’s well-known stage theory assumes a sequence of discrete stages that underlie all moral judgment. Stage theory recognizes the problem of integrating considerations but gives no way to solve such integration, even with information from any one stage. And, of course, the stage concept denies any significant integration from different stages. Thus, research on moral judgment needs to study the integration problem which can be tested within Anderson’s theory of information integration. The main purpose of the present study was to extend this unificationist approach to the issue of sexual morality. A novel task presents information from two very different stages. The results showed that in contrast to discreteness the stage informers were positively correlated in punishment judgments of both genders about consensual sex of juveniles. Furthermore, the subjects integrated considerations from those very different stages also in contrast to the hypothesis that only a single stage was operative at any time.
¿Vale la pena el riesgo? Miedo inducido por el terrorismo a volar
Authors: Weiss David J. , Jhon Richard S. , Rosoff Heather , Baumert Thomas , Buesa Mikel , González Gómez Javier , Valiño Aurelia , Shavit Tal , Rosenboim Mosi
Published: February 2017

We conducted two bi-national experiments regarding emotional and behavioral responses to a terrorist plot against commercial flights, examining both feelings and projected action. The studies employed hypothetical scenarios in which terrorists attacked airplanes with shoulder-fired missiles as they were landing or taking off from an international airport. The scenarios were built around two factorially

crossed manipulated variables, each with three levels: (1) government announcements or actions (2) social norm, expressed as variation in airline ticket sales. Each respondent read a questionnaire containing only one of the nine scenarios. Experiment 1 was conducted in Spain and California (n = 360, 50% female), Experiment 2 in Israel and California (n = 504, 50% female). In both studies, fear and flight plans were not differentially affected by governmental response or social norm. Women expressed more fear than men. Experiment 1 examined the purpose of the trip. Most respondents would not change a planned flight to attend a close friend’s wedding or important job interview, but a substantial number would postpone a vacation or drive to a different location. Experiment 2 featured escalating attacks. These yielded increased fear and more canceled trips. Within both studies, responses were similar across countries despite national differences in direct experience with terrorism.
A Retrospective Analysis of Trick Progression in Elite Freeskiing and Snowboarding
Authors: Willmott Tom , Collins Dave
Published: February 2017

This study offered a first examination of skill development within freeskiing and snowboarding, using semistructured interviews to examine trick progression. Participants were purposefully recruited as performing at world top 8 level in 2014, the most recent Winter Olympic Games. A semi structured interview protocol, using a personalized progress chart, enabled the examination of trick progression across disciplines, with at least one participant from each of the events represented at the Games. Trick progression was achieved intermittently, moving through different stages during the year subject to experiencing the right conditions, training facilities, balancing time for progression with time for consolidation, competition periods and rehabilitating from injuries. There was high variance in the duration of trick progression between individuals and also high variance in the number of repetitions required to land a trick in competition. Imagery was a mental skill widely used and universally supported by our sample. Athletes and coaches should take directionality into consideration when planning their progression, ensuring all four directions are included and that prerequisite manoeuvres are included in an athlete’s training repertoire at the right stage to facilitate the learning of more complex manoeuvres at a later stage of development. Our data found a 60–40 balance between time-spent training on and off-snow, further research is required to determine the best combination of traditional strength and conditioning versus movement conditioning approaches, both from an injury prevention and a performance enhancement perspective.
Draft Genome Sequence of “
Candidatus
Synechococcus spongiarum” m9, Binned from a Metagenome of South China Sea Sponge
Theonella swinhoei
Authors: Liu Fang , Li Jinlong , Li Zhiyong
Published: February 2017

“
Candidatus
Synechococcus spongiarum” represents the widespread cyanobacterial symbionts found in marine sponges with relatively high genomic variability and likely important ecological roles. We present here the draft genome sequence of “
Candidatus
Synechococcus spongiarum” m9, which was assembled from a metagenome of
Theonella swinhoei
sampled in the South China Sea.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Acetylene-Fermenting
Pelobacter
sp. Strain SFB93
Authors: Sutton John M. , Baesman Shaun M. , Fierst Janna L. , Poret-Peterson Amisha T. , Oremland Ronald S. , Dunlap Darren S. , Akob Denise M.
Published: February 2017

Acetylene fermentation is a rare metabolism that was previously reported as being unique to
Pelobacter acetylenicus
. Here, we report the genome sequence of
Pelobacter
sp. strain SFB93, an acetylene-fermenting bacterium isolated from sediments collected in San Francisco Bay, CA.
Full Genomic Characterization of a Lentogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Farm-Reared Ostriches (
Struthio camelus
) in Northwest China
Authors: Ren Shanhui , Wang Chongyang , Gao Xiaolong , Zhang Xue , Wang Xiangwei , Jia Yanqing , Wang Yanhong , Wang Xinglong , Yang Zengqi
Published: February 2017

To our knowledge, our study is the first to report the whole-genome sequence of an ostrich-origin Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolate, abbreviated as Ostrich/SX-01/06. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this isolate belongs to the subgenotype c in class II. The identification of the complete genome will provide useful information regarding ostrich diseases, especially NDV.
Draft Genome Sequence of a New Bacterium Named
Rappaport israeli
, gen. nov., sp. nov., Isolated from a Blood Culture
Authors: Waldman Ben-Asher Hiba , Yerushalmi Rebecca , Wachtel Chaim , Barbiro-Michaely Efrat , Sompolinsky David , Gerber Doron
Published: February 2017

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a Gram-negative microbe found in a blood culture (B08008) from a patient. The organism was proposed to be from a new unknown genus and species. This publication will increase worldwide microbial knowledge and may improve microbial identification and antibiotic treatment for patients.
Risks Associated with Fish and Seafood
Authors: Chintagari Sailaja , Hazard Nicole , Edwards Genevieve , Jadeja Ravi , Janes Marlene
Published: February 2017

Fresh fish and seafood are highly perishable, and microbiological spoilage is one of the important factors that limit their shelf life and safety. Fresh seafood can be contaminated at any point from rearing or harvesting to processing to transport or due to cross-contamination by consumer mishandling at home. With the increase in the demand for fish and seafood, aquaculture production is increasing, which could lead to new risks that will need to be addressed in the future to control foodborne pathogens.
Tuberculous Peritonitis
Authors: Vaid Urvashi , Kane Gregory C.
Published: February 2017

Tuberculous peritonitis is rare in the United States but continues to be reported to occur in certain high-risk populations, which include patients with AIDS or cirrhosis, patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, recent immigrants from areas of high endemicity, and those who are immunosuppressed. The diagnosis of this disease requires a high clinical index of suspicion and should be considered in the differential of ascites with a lymphocyte predominance and serum-ascitic albumin gradient of <1.1 mg/dl. Microbiological or pathological confirmation remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Ascitic fluid cultures have low yield, but peritoneoscopy with biopsy or cultures frequently confirms the diagnosis. Newer techniques with future application include determination of adenosine deaminase and interferon gamma levels in ascitic fluid. Ultrasound and computed tomography are frequently used to guide fluid aspiration and biopsies. Six months of treatment with antituberculosis therapy is adequate except in cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis. The role of steroids remains controversial. Surgical approaches may be required to deal with complications including bowel perforation, intestinal obstruction from adhesions, fistula formation, or bleeding.
Hidradenitis suppurativa, neutrophilic dermatoses and diverticular disease in a young African-American patient
Authors: Darji Kavita , Dhandha Maulik M , Guo Mary
Published: February 2017

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin disorder of the terminal follicular epithelium of apocrine sweat glands, manifesting as painful and exudative papules, pustules, cysts or nodules. This inflammatory condition often presents with other systemic and cutaneous disorders. We present the case of an African-American man with HS who was also diagnosed with neutrophilic dermatoses and diverticular disease. Neutrophilic dermatosis was identified based on histopathology findings. Our patient underwent multiple surgeries for flaring of his skin condition. Colchicine and doxycycline were started, but the patient was not able to tolerate them. Humira was planned for treatment of HS and neutrophilic dermatosis but could not be pursued because of the pericolic abscess. Colonoscopy and radiological investigation revealed multiple colonic diverticuli, for which he initially underwent percutaneous drainage followed by surgical removal of sigmoid mass and colocutaneous fistula. Culture from the specimen revealed abnormal growth ofActinomyces.
Observational study of haemostatic dysfunction and bleeding in neonates with hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy
Authors: Pakvasa Mitali A , Winkler Anne M , Hamrick Shannon E , Josephson Cassandra D , Patel Ravi M
Published: February 2017

Objective

Evaluate the relationship between initial haemostatic parameters and the frequency and severity of bleeding in neonates with hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Design

Retrospective observational cohort study.

Setting

2 academically affiliated level III neonatal intensive care units in Atlanta, Georgia.

Participants

98 neonates with moderate-to-severe HIE who underwent haemostatic testing within 12 hours of birth and were born from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2013.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Initial haemostatic dysfunction was defined as one or more of the following: prothrombin time (PT) ≥18 s, platelet count <100×103/μL or fibrinogen <150 mg/dL. Bleeding assessed using the Neonatal Bleeding Assessment Tool and graded according to the WHO bleeding scale. The robust Poisson regression was used to evaluate the independent association between components of initial haemostatic dysfunction and bleeding.

Results

Among the 98 neonates evaluated, the prevalence of initial haemostatic dysfunction was 69% (95% CI 59% to 78%). 27 neonates (28%; 95% CI 19% to 38%) had abnormal bleeding events and 56 (57%) received at least 1 blood product transfusion. 3 neonates died from bleeding complications. The most common products transfused were fresh-frozen plasma (71%), followed by packed red blood cells (24%) and platelets (21%). In multivariable analysis, fibrinogen <150 mg/dL (adjusted relative risk 2.41, 95% CI 1.09 to 5.36) and platelet count <100×103/μL (adjusted relative risk 2.59, 95% CI 1.30 to 5.16), but not initial PT, were associated with an increased risk of bleeding. The most severe bleeding occurred in neonates with a fibrinogen <150 mg/dL.

Conclusions

Among neonates with moderate-to-severe HIE, haemostatic dysfunction is prevalent and associated with an increased risk of bleeding and high transfusion burden. Further studies are needed to determine the appropriate transfusion approaches in this population to prevent bleeding.
Patterns of homicide in North Tunisia: a 10-year study (2005–2014)
Authors: Ben Khelil Mehdi , Farhani Fethia , Harzallah Hana , Allouche Mohamed , Gharbaoui Meriem , Banasr Ahmed , Benzarti Anis , Hamdoun Moncef
Published: February 2017

Background

In Tunisia and in the Arab world, few data are available about homicide patterns. The aim of our study was to analyse the victims' profiles and the general pattern.

Methods

636 homicide victims were autopsied at the Legal Medicine Department of Charles Nicolle Hospital in Tunis, over a period of 10 years (2005–2014).

Results

Victims were males in 79.7% with a male-to-female ratio of 3.93 and the average age was 37.7 years. The victim was generally from an urban area (66.7%), single (55.7%) and semiskilled (50.2%). The most common methods of homicide were sharp force (51.7%) and blunt trauma (24.8%).

Conclusions

This study suggests applying urgent preventive measures targeting essentially young males and the importance of a national ‘Violence Repository’.
Association of sociodemographic and household characteristics with non-fatal burns among children under the age of 10 years in Sudan: an exploratory secondary analysis of the Sudan Household Health Survey 2010
Authors: Abdalla Safa , Abdel Aziz Muna , Basheir Igbal
Published: February 2017

Background

Globally, children have the highest mortality rates from fire-related burns. Sudan is no exception, but there had been no prior investigations of potentially preventable risk factors. We undertook this analysis to investigate the role of various sociodemographic and household factors.

Methods

We used Sudan Household Health Survey 2010 data from a national stratified multistage cluster sample of 15 000 households. The dependent variable was whether the child had a non-fatal burn in the 12 months preceding the survey, based on the most recent injury. The independent variables tested were age, gender, urban/rural residence, wealth index, disability, mother's education and work, cooking fuel, cooking place, electricity in the house and crowdedness. A multivariable Poisson regression model with robust variance was used, and hypothesised interactions were tested.

Findings

Of 26 478 children under the age of 10 years, we identified 47 with injury caused by fire or hot substance. A significant association was found with child age (prevalence ratio (PR)=0.65, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.84). There was a significant interaction between area of residence and cooking place; cooking outdoors or elsewhere in the house was associated with burns in urban areas (PR=10.426, 95% CI 1.99 to 54.69) but not in rural areas. There was no evidence of an association with maternal factors or with cooking fuel.

Conclusions

The findings imply more potential for separate cooking facilities in preventing burns among children in Sudan than does a change in cooking fuel, although more evidence needs to be gathered, particularly around safety practices.
Higher codimensional foliations with Kupka singularities
Authors: Calvo-Andrade O. , Corrêa M. , Fernández-Pérez A.
Published: February 2017

We consider holomorphic foliations of dimension [Formula: see text] and codimension [Formula: see text] in the projective space [Formula: see text], with a compact connected component of the Kupka set. We prove that if the transversal type is linear with positive integer eigenvalues, then the foliation consists of the fibers of a rational fibration [Formula: see text]. As a corollary, if [Formula: see text] and has a transversal type diagonal with different eigenvalues, then the Kupka component [Formula: see text] is a complete intersection and the leaves of the foliation define a rational fibration. The same conclusion holds if the Kupka set has a radial transversal type. Finally, as an application, we find a normal form for non-integrable codimension-one distributions on [Formula: see text].
Electric dipole moment induced by CP-violating deformations in the noncommutative Standard Model
Authors: Wang Wei-Jian , Yan Zhe-Hui , Guan Rong-Hua , Wei Xing-Ning
Published: February 2017

The possibility to detect the noncommutative (NC) spacetime in the electric dipole moments (EDM) experiments is studied in the effective field theory of noncommutative Standard Model (NCSM) with many additional deformations. The EDM given by the previous literatures do not have any observable effect since they are spin-independent. In this work, it is found that three of the deformed terms provide extra sources of CP violation contributed to EDM. We show that these EDMs are sensitive to the spin and thus have potential to be measured in the highly precise experiments. In particular, the EDM induced by NC spacetime may not be parallel to the direction of spin, which demonstrates the intrinsic feature of NC field theory.
Verification of Power-Management Specification at Early Stages of Power-Constrained Systems Design
Authors: Macko Dominik , Jelemenská Katarína , Čičák Pavel
Published: February 2017

Nowadays, power is a dominant factor that constrains highly integrated hardware-systems designs. The implied problems of high power density, causing chip overheating, or limited power source in modern Internet-of-Things devices are most commonly dealt with the use of the dynamic power management. This method enables to use power-reduction techniques, such as clock gating, power gating, or voltage and frequency scaling. Since the adoption of power management is quite difficult in modern complex systems, there are new approaches evolving intended to simplify power-constrained systems design. We have also proposed such an approach, utilizing the system level of design abstraction and increased automation in the design process. In this paper, the proposed hybrid verification approach is described that represents an integral part of the suggested design methodology. It consists of formal and informal techniques, enabling the verification process to begin at the very early specification stage of the system development. Our approach helps a designer to create correct and consistent power-management specification and verifies whether the specified power intent is preserved after design refinement. The continuous automated verification steps can quickly find errors at early design stages and thus reduce the amount of design re-spins, which speeds-up the overall development process.
VLIW DSP-Based Low-Level Instruction Scheme of Givens QR Decomposition for Real-Time Processing
Authors: Najoui Mohamed , Bahtat Mounir , Hatim Anas , Belkouch Said , Chabini Noureddine
Published: February 2017

QR decomposition (QRD) is one of the most widely used numerical linear algebra (NLA) kernels in several signal processing applications. Its implementation has a considerable and an important impact on the system performance. As processor architectures continue to gain ground in the high-performance computing world, QRD algorithms have to be redesigned in order to take advantage of the architectural features on these new processors. However, in some processor architectures like very large instruction word (VLIW), compiler efficiency is not enough to make an effective use of available computational resources. This paper presents an efficient and optimized approach to implement Givens QRD in a low-power platform based on VLIW architecture. To overcome the compiler efficiency limits to parallelize the most of Givens arithmetic operations, we propose a low-level instruction scheme that could maximize the parallelism rate and minimize clock cycles. The key contributions of this work are as follows: (i) New parallel and fast version design of Givens algorithm based on the VLIW features (i.e., instruction-level parallelism (ILP) and data-level parallelism (DLP)) including the cache memory properties. (ii) Efficient data management approach to avoid cache misses and memory bank conflicts. Two DSP platforms C6678 and AK2H12 were used as targets for implementation. The introduced parallel QR implementation method achieves, in average, more than 12[Formula: see text] and 6[Formula: see text] speedups over the standard algorithm version and the optimized QR routine implementations, respectively. Compared to the state of the art, the proposed scheme implementation is at least 3.65 and 2.5 times faster than the recent CPU and DSP implementations, respectively.
Hysteresis in Muscle
Authors: Ramos Jorgelina , Lynch Stephen , Jones David , Degens Hans
Published: February 2017

This paper presents examples of hysteresis from a broad range of scientific disciplines and demonstrates a variety of forms including clockwise, counterclockwise, butterfly, pinched and kiss-and-go, respectively. These examples include mechanical systems made up of springs and dampers which have been the main components of muscle models for nearly one hundred years. For the first time, as far as the authors are aware, hysteresis is demonstrated in single fibre muscle when subjected to both lengthening and shortening periodic contractions. The hysteresis observed in the experiments is of two forms. Without any relaxation at the end of lengthening or shortening, the hysteresis loop is a convex clockwise loop, whereas a concave clockwise hysteresis loop (labeled as kiss-and-go) is formed when the muscle is relaxed at the end of lengthening and shortening. This paper also presents a mathematical model which reproduces the hysteresis curves in the same form as the experimental data.
Stability of Turing-Type Patterns in a Reaction–Diffusion System with an External Gradient
Authors: Glimm Tilmann , Zhang Jianying , Shen Yun-Qiu
Published: February 2017

We investigate the stability of Turing-type patterns in one spatial dimension in a system of reaction–diffusion equations with a term depending linearly on the spatial position. The system is a generic model of two interacting chemical species where production rates are dependent on a linear external gradient. This is motivated by mathematical models in developmental biology. In a previous paper, we found analytic approximations of Turing-like steady state patterns. In the present article, we derive conditions for the stability of these patterns and show bifurcation diagrams in two small parameters related to the slope of the external gradient and the ratio of the diffusion coefficients.
The Behavior of Synchronized Frequency in Weakly Coupled Nonidentical Periodic Oscillators
Authors: Adhyapok Priyom , Patra Mahashweta , Banerjee Soumitro
Published: February 2017

Interaction between dynamical systems has been a subject of intensive study for the past couple of decades. These studies have mainly focused on synchronization of chaotic systems, conditions of different kinds of synchronized behavior, amplitude death, etc. Synchronization of periodic oscillators and the frequency of the resulting synchronized behavior have remained relatively unexplored. In this paper we consider synchronization of nonidentical periodic oscillators for different coupling schemes, and study the nature of the synchronized frequency. Based on numerical and experimental observations we show that for directly coupled oscillators, the synchronized frequency lies between the individual frequencies and its value does not depend on the coupling constant, while for indirectly coupled oscillators the synchronized frequency lies out of the range and depends on the strength of coupling. We explain the different frequency behaviors of directly and indirectly coupled systems by analytically deriving the expressions of synchronized frequency under certain simplifying assumptions.
A non-smooth regularization of a forward–backward parabolic equation
Authors: Bonetti Elena , Colli Pierluigi , Tomassetti Giuseppe
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we introduce a model describing diffusion of species by a suitable regularization of a “forward–backward” parabolic equation. In particular, we prove existence and uniqueness of solutions, as well as continuous dependence on data, for a system of partial differential equations and inclusion, which may be interpreted, e.g. as evolving equation for physical quantities such as concentration and chemical potential. The model deals with a constant mobility and it is recovered from a possibly non-convex free-energy density. In particular, we render a general viscous regularization via a maximal monotone graph acting on the time derivative of the concentration and presenting a strong coerciveness property.
Minimal generating sets of directed oriented Reidemeister moves
Authors: Suwara Piotr
Published: February 2017

Polyak proved that the set [Formula: see text] is a minimal generating set of oriented Reidemeister moves. One may distinguish between forward and backward moves, obtaining [Formula: see text] different types of moves, which we call directed oriented Reidemeister moves. In this paper, we prove that the set of eight directed Polyak moves [Formula: see text] is a minimal generating set of directed oriented Reidemeister moves. We also specialize the problem, introducing the notion of a [Formula: see text]-generating set for a link [Formula: see text]. The same set is proven to be a minimal [Formula: see text]-generating set for any link [Formula: see text] with at least two components. Finally, we discuss knot diagram invariants arising in the study of [Formula: see text]-generating sets for an arbitrary knot [Formula: see text], emphasizing the distinction between ascending and descending moves of type [Formula: see text].
Symmetric ring property on nil ideals
Authors: Kwak Tai Keun , Lee Yang , Piao Zhelin , Seo Young Joo
Published: February 2017

The usual commutative ideal theory was extended to ideals in noncommutative rings by Lambek, introducing the concept of symmetric. Camillo et al. naturally extended the study of symmetric ring property to the lattice of ideals, defining the new concept of an ideal-symmetric ring. This paper focuses on the symmetric ring property on nil ideals, as a generalization of an ideal-symmetric ring. A ring [Formula: see text] will be said to be right (respectively, left) nil-ideal-symmetric if [Formula: see text] implies [Formula: see text] (respectively, [Formula: see text]) for nil ideals [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. This concept generalizes both ideal-symmetric rings and weak nil-symmetric rings in which the symmetric ring property has been observed in some restricted situations. The structure of nil-ideal-symmetric rings is studied in relation to the near concepts and ring extensions which have roles in ring theory.
Orders of torsion units of integral reality-based algebras with rational multiplicities
Authors: Singh Gurmail , Herman Allen
Published: February 2017

A reality-based algebra (RBA) is a finite-dimensional associative algebra with involution over [Formula: see text] whose distinguished basis [Formula: see text] contains [Formula: see text] and is closed under pseudo-inverse. An integral RBA is one whose structure constants in its distinguished basis are integers. If the algebra has a one-dimensional representation taking positive values on [Formula: see text], then we say that the RBA has a positive degree map. These RBAs have a standard feasible trace, and the multiplicities of the irreducible characters in the standard feasible trace are the multiplicities of the RBA. In this paper, we show that for integral RBAs with positive degree map whose multiplicities are rational, any finite subgroup of torsion units whose elements are all of degree [Formula: see text] and have algebraic integer coefficients must have order dividing a certain positive integer determined by the degree map and the multiplicities. The paper concludes with a thorough investigation of the properties of RBAs that force multiplicities to be rational.
Pseudocomplements and strong pseudocomplements in lattices of module classes
Authors: Alvarado-García Alejandro , Cejudo-Castilla César , Rincón-Mejía Hugo Alberto , Vilchis-Montalvo Ivan Fernando
Published: February 2017

In this work, we consider the existence and construction of pseudocomplements in some lattices of module classes. The classes of modules belonging to these lattices are defined via closure under operations such as taking submodules, quotients, extensions, injective hulls, direct sums or products. We characterize the rings for which the lattices [Formula: see text]-tors (of hereditary torsion classes), [Formula: see text]-nat (the lattice of natural classes) and [Formula: see text]-conat (the lattice of conatural classes) coincide.
Cofiniteness of local cohomology modules for a pair of ideals for small dimensions
Authors: Aghapournahr Moharram
Published: February 2017

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative Noetherian ring, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be two ideals of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be an [Formula: see text]-module (not necessary [Formula: see text]-torsion). In this paper among other things, it is shown that if dim [Formula: see text], then the [Formula: see text]-module [Formula: see text] is finitely generated, for all [Formula: see text], if and only if the [Formula: see text]-module [Formula: see text] is finitely generated, for [Formula: see text]. As a consequence, we prove that if [Formula: see text] is finitely generated and [Formula: see text] such that the [Formula: see text]-module [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text] (or weakly Laskerian) for all [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-cofinite for all [Formula: see text] and for any [Formula: see text] (or minimax) submodule [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text], the [Formula: see text]-modules [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are finitely generated. Also it is shown that if dim [Formula: see text] (e.g. dim [Formula: see text]) for all [Formula: see text], then the local cohomology module [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-cofinite for all [Formula: see text].
Non-elementary amenable subgroups of automata groups
Authors: Juschenko Kate
Published: February 2017

We consider groups of automorphisms of rooted locally finite trees, and give conditions on its subgroups that imply that they are not elementary amenable. We give a unified proof for all known examples of non-elementary amenable groups that act on the trees: groups of intermediate growths and Basilica group. Moreover, we show that all finitely generated branch groups are not elementary amenable, which was conjectured by Grigorchuk.
Existence and convergence theorems for best proximity points
Authors: Haddadi M. R.
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we give new conditions for existence and uniqueness of best proximity point. Also, we introduce the concept of cyclic contraction and nonexpansive for multivalued map and we give existence and convergence theorems for best proximity point in the complete metric space.
Anti-Ramsey numbers for matchings in regular bipartite graphs
Authors: Jin Zemin , Nweit Oothan , Wang Kaijun , Wang Yuling
Published: February 2017

Let [Formula: see text] be a family of graphs. The anti-Ramsey number [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] in the graph [Formula: see text] is the maximum number of colors in an edge coloring of [Formula: see text] that does not have any rainbow copy of any graph in [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we consider the anti-Ramsey number for matchings in regular bipartite graphs and determine its value under several conditions.
Roman domination and 2-independence in trees
Authors: Meddah Nacéra , Chellali Mustapha
Published: February 2017

A Roman dominating function (RDF) on a graph [Formula: see text] is a function [Formula: see text] satisfying the condition that every vertex [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] is adjacent to at least one vertex [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] for which [Formula: see text]. The weight of a RDF is the sum [Formula: see text], and the minimum weight of a RDF [Formula: see text] is the Roman domination number [Formula: see text]. A subset [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-independent set of [Formula: see text] if every vertex of [Formula: see text] has at most one neighbor in [Formula: see text] The maximum cardinality of a [Formula: see text]-independent set of [Formula: see text] is the [Formula: see text]-independence number [Formula: see text] Both parameters are incomparable in general, however, we show that if [Formula: see text] is a tree, then [Formula: see text]. Moreover, all extremal trees attaining equality are characterized.
New and improved results on the signed (total) k-domination number of graphs
Authors: Mojdeh D. A. , Samadi Babak
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we study the signed [Formula: see text]-domination and its total version in graphs. By a simple uniform approach we give some new upper and lower bounds on these two parameters of a graph in terms of several different graph parameters. In this way, we can improve and generalize some results in literature. Moreover, we make use of the well-known theorem of Turán [On an extremal problem in graph theory, Math. Fiz. Lapok 48 (1941) 436–452] to bound the signed total [Formula: see text]-domination number, [Formula: see text], of a [Formula: see text]-free graph [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text].
Continental gabbros in the Dent Blanche Tectonic System (Western Alps): from the pre-Alpine crustal structure of the Adriatic palaeo-margin to the geometry of an alleged subduction interface
Authors: Manzotti Paola , Ballèvre Michel , Dal Piaz Giorgio Vittorio
Published: February 2017

Several Permian gabbro bodies are known in the continental-derived Dent Blanche Tectonic System (Western Alps). A new gabbroic complex, the Berrio Gabbro, is described in this paper, and compared with the other gabbro bodies of the Adriatic palaeomargin, as well as of the Tsaté Unit, a remnant of the Piemonte–Liguria ocean, immediately underlying the Dent Blanche Tectonic System. The Berrio Gabbro comprises ultramafic cumulates (clinopyroxenite, wehrlite and hornblendite) and mafic rocks (leucocratic and mesocratic gabbros). Ultramafic (serpentinite) and mafic rocks (gabbro) are also present in the oceanic Tsaté Unit of the Combin Zone. The ultramafic–mafic rocks of the Dent Blanche and the Tsaté are clearly distinguished by their mineralogy and their geochemistry. In addition, their behaviour during the Alpine deformation is distinct. Detailed mapping associated with geochemical characterization of the protoliths allows us to infer the structure of the Adriatic crust during the Permian extension and refute a model of mixing between oceanic and continental material along the hypothesized subduction interface.

Supplementary material:
Additional supporting information (deformation–mineral growth relationships and Alpine mineral analyses of the Berrio Gabbro basic and ultrabasic rocks) is available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3673039
.
Early Mesozoic intracontinental orogeny and stress transmission in South China: evidence from Triassic peraluminous granites
Authors: Song Meijia , Shu Liangshu , Santosh M.
Published: February 2017

The Early Mesozoic tectonic and magmatic events in South China are considered to represent intracontinental orogeny, although the mechanism and geodynamic setting remain debated. Here we report zircon U–Pb geochronology, Hf isotopes and whole-rock geochemistry from four granitic plutons in the Nanling and Yunkai domains. The zircon data define seven groups of weighted mean
206
Pb/
238
U ages as 218 ± 2, 222 ± 4, 225 ± 3, 227 ± 3, 221 ± 2, 224 ± 3 and 231 ± 3 Ma, representing the magmatic crystallization ages. These intrusions are characterized by a peraluminous nature, with high A/CNK values (>1.1), negative Eu, Ba, Sr, Nb and Ti anomalies, and enrichment in LREE, Rb, Th, U and Pb. Zircon grains from all the samples show variably negative
ε
Hf
(
t
) values (−3.8 to −18.6) with two-stage Hf model ages clustered in the range 1.4–2.5 Ga. Our data indicate that the Early Mesozoic granitic magmas were generated by the partial melting of crustal rocks with insignificant input of mantle materials. In conjunction with other geological evidence, we suggest that Triassic intracontinental deformation was triggered by far-field stress propagation from the plate boundary of South China.

Supplementary materials:
U–Pb geochronological data, zircon Lu–Hf isotopic compositions, major and trace element data, and
40
Ar/
39
Ar ages are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3672838
.
Generating Random Permutations by Coin Tossing
Authors: Bacher Axel , Bodini Olivier , Hwang Hsien-Kuei , Tsai Tsung-Hsi
Published: February 2017

Several simple, classical, little-known algorithms in the statistics and computer science literature for generating random permutations by coin tossing are examined, analyzed, and implemented. These algorithms are either asymptotically optimal or close to being so in terms of the expected number of times the random bits are generated. In addition to asymptotic approximations to the expected complexity, we also clarify the corresponding variances, as well as the asymptotic distributions. A brief comparative discussion with numerical computations in a multicore system is also given.