bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Pig Kidney Xenotransplantation: How Close Are We?
Authors: Cooper David K. C. , Hara Hidetaka , Iwase Hayato , Yamamoto Takayuki , Jagdale Abhijit , Kumar Vineeta , Mannon Roslyn Bernstein , Hanaway Michael J. , Anderson Douglas J. , Eckhoff Devin E.
Published: December 2019

Patients with ESKD who would benefit from a kidney transplant face a critical and continuing shortage of kidneys from deceased human donors. As a result, such patients wait a median of 3.9 years to receive a donor kidney, by which time approximately 35% of transplant candidates have died while waiting or have been removed from the waiting list. Those of blood group B or O may experience a significantly longer waiting period. This problem could be resolved if kidneys from genetically engineered pigs offered an alternative with an acceptable clinical outcome. Attempts to accomplish this have followed two major paths: deletion of pig xenoantigens, as well as insertion of “protective” human transgenes to counter the human immune response. Pigs with up to nine genetic manipulations are now available. In nonhuman primates, administering novel agents that block the CD40/CD154 costimulation pathway, such as an anti-CD40 mAb, suppresses the adaptive immune response, leading to pig kidney graft survival of many months without features of rejection (experiments were terminated for infectious complications). In the absence of innate and adaptive immune responses, the transplanted pig kidneys have generally displayed excellent function. A clinical trial is anticipated within 2 years. We suggest that it would be ethical to offer a pig kidney transplant to selected patients who have a life expectancy shorter than the time it would take for them to obtain a kidney from a deceased human donor. In the future, the pigs will also be genetically engineered to control the adaptive immune response, thus enabling exogenous immunosuppressive therapy to be significantly reduced or eliminated.
Uso de herramientas profesionales en la docencia universitaria. Una experiencia en ciencias laborales
Authors: Calvo Palomares Ricardo , Payá Castiblanque Raúl , Sigalat Signes Enric
Published: December 2019

El artículo presenta la experiencia desarrollada por los autores en los últimos tres cursos académicos en los que han incorporado a su práctica docente el uso de herramientas profesionales con el objetivo de ajustar en mayor medida los contenidos de la materia con la realidad profesional posterior con la que se encontrará el alumnado. Fruto de la suscripción de un acuerdo de colaboración con la Asociación Española de Auditores Socio-Laborales se ha añadido a la docencia ―en asignaturas vinculadas con la auditoría sociolaboral― el uso de los formularios, documentos técnicos y el aplicativo informático que los auditores sociolaborales están utilizando en su ejercicio profesional. Tomando como punto de partida esta iniciativa de innovación docente el artículo presentainformaciones sobre la percepción que los alumnos tienen de ella, las principales dificultades con las que se han encontrado y las ventajas que con ello perciben.
Improvement of plant regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of Stylosanthes guianensis
Authors: Guo Pengfei , Liu Pandao , Lei Jian , Chen Caihong , Qiu Hong , Liu Guodao , Chen Zhijian , Luo Lijuan
Published: December 2019

As a pioneer tropical pasture legume, stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis) is well adapted to growth-limiting factors in acid soils. Considering the importance of stylo, there is a need to improve Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation to enable development of elite cultivars. In this study, S. guianensis cv. RY5 was used to systematically optimize Agrobacterium-mediated transformation based on its plant regeneration. Results showed that Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.2 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) was the optimal callus induction medium. MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L 6-BA was suitable for shoot regeneration from cotyledon-derived calluses, and 0.5 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 0.5 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) applications were beneficial for rooting. The highest transformation efficiency (67%) was obtained at an Agrobacterium concentration of optical density = 0.6 combined with an infection time of 15 min and 3 days of co-cultivation. Furthermore, 200 mg/mL carbenicillin (Carb) and 0.6 mg/L Basta® supplements were effective in eliminating excess bacterial growth and selecting transgenic plants, respectively. Subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis confirmed that the β-glucuronidase (GUS) and BAR genes were successfully integrated into the stylo genome. Wider testing of this improved protocol as a means of enhancing genetic improvement and gene function analysis of stylo seems warranted.
Evaluation of fodder biomass yield of hydroponically-grown barley and oats and the effects on intake, digestibility and weight gain of Washera sheep when fed as a supplement to a basal diet of natural pasture hay in Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Endalew , Mekuriaw Yeshambel , Tegegne Firew , Asmare Bimrew
Published: December 2019

The feasibility of using hydroponically-grown (HGF) barley and oats forage as a supplement to natural pasture hay (PH) for sheep-feeding was investigated. Twenty-five intact Washera male lambs were used in both a 90 day feeding trial and a 10 day digestibility study. The treatments compared were: 100% PH (control, = T1); PH + a concentrate mix (CM) (= T2); PH + HGF barley (= T3); PH + HGF oats (= T4); and PH + 50% CM and 50% HGF mixture of barley and oats (= T5). Chemical composition of diets and refusals, feed intake and digestibility of DM and nutrients were recorded. The average HGF fresh biomass yields from 1 kg grain were 5.21 and 6.32 kg for barley and oats, respectively. The CP, NDF, ADF and ADL concentrations in HGF were 13.2, 45.6, 34.8 and 6.7% for barley and 13.7, 46.8, 36.6 and 7.6% for oats. All supplemented treatments had higher total DM intakes (12‒21%) than the control (P<0.05) and all supplements produced marked substitution effects for PH (35‒51%). Animals on the PH diet lost weight (17 g/d), while all supplemented groups gained weight (58‒65 g/d). Partial budget analysis showed that the highest net return was for T5 followed by T2, T4 and T3. Hydroponically-grown oats forage could have potential to replace a commercial concentrate for supplementing sheep on native pastures, but both HGF and concentrates are probably unaffordable for the majority of smallholder farmers engaged in sheep production. Establishment of farmer cooperative hydroponic facilities could spread the overhead costs of the capital infrastructure and this approach should be investigated.
Preparing for the future of public health: ecological determinants of health and the call for an eco-social approach to public health education
Authors: Parkes Margot W. , Poland Blake , Allison Sandra , Cole Donald C. , Culbert Ian , Gislason Maya K. , Hancock Trevor , Howard Courtney , Papadopoulos Andrew , Waheed Faiza
Published: December 2019

As a collective organized to address the education implications of calls for public health engagement on the ecological determinants of health, we, the Ecological Determinants Group on Education (cpha.ca/EDGE), urge the health community to properly understand and address the importance of the ecological determinants of the public’s health, consistent with long-standing calls from many quarters—including Indigenous communities—and as part of an eco-social approach to public health education, research and practice. Educational approaches will determine how well we will be equipped to understand and respond to the rapid changes occurring for the living systems on which all life—including human life—depends. We revisit findings from the Canadian Public Health Association’s discussion paper on ‘Global Change and Public Health: Addressing the Ecological Determinants of Health’, and argue that an intentionally eco-social approach to education is needed to better support the health sector’s role in protecting and promoting health, preventing disease and injury, and reducing health inequities. We call for a proactive approach, ensuring that the ecological determinants of health become integral to public health education, practice, policy, and research, as a key part of wider societal shifts required to foster a healthy, just, and ecologically sustainable future.
Structural-Phase Transformations in the Zones of Localization of Plastic Deformation of Ti-Al Composite
Authors: Kveglis Ludmila I. , Fadeev Timur V. , Noskov Fedor M. , Leskov Mihail B. , Abylkalykova Riza B.
Published: December 2019

The structural-phase state in the zone of localization of plastic deformation of the titanium-aluminum composite subjected to high-speed shock load was studied. A sinusoidal nature of the deformation of the boundary of the composite layers beyond the shear strain band, indicating the localization of plastic deformation waves in the stress concentration zone, is revealed. It is shown that the main phase forming in the zone of localization of plastic deformation is the atomically ordered metastable phase Al3Ti, with the structure Pm3m
Interdisciplinary Research as an Important Direction of Development of Modern Russian Law
Authors: Kostrova M B
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the reasons for the urgency of carrying out interdisciplinary research in the field of law, highlights the currently existing group interdisciplinary research and provides a brief General description. For example, two branch of science - criminal and criminal procedural law addresses issues that arise when conducting interdisciplinary research that have a negative impact on their effectiveness. The conclusion about the necessity of overcoming the sectoral monism as a way to address cross-sector issues from a position of recognizing the existence of a leading sector driven. As an effective means of overcoming sectoral monism when conducting interdisciplinary research and, accordingly, the funds get really complex results suggested the creation of research teams consisting of specialists of different branches carrying.
Modernization of Medical Law: the Formation of a Branch of Law or Legislation?
Authors: Romanovsky G B
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the prospects of forming a new branch of law - health law. Analyzes scientific opinion as supporters of this perspective and its opponents. A General conclusion on the premature selection of medical law as a separate branch.
The Role of Investment Cooperation Between Russia and China in the Global Economy in the Context of International Law
Authors: Farkhutdinov I Z
Published: December 2019

In the context of globalization, which began at the turn of the century, came a new transnational system management of the world economy with its patterns of regulation. US seeks to create a unipolar world. Contemporary world situation differs noticeable intensification of Russia and China in global politics. The main content of world politics of the next decade become a global confrontation with Russia and China. The paper analyzes the status and development trend of China's investment laws. Large-scale foreign direct investment in China century made on the basis of long-term investment strategies and evolutionary formation of the investment climate. Operating in China legislation on foreign investment excessively cumbersome, relevant provisions are contained in legal acts of different levels.
The Text-Act-Right-Sadie
Authors: Alexandrov A S , Terekhin V V
Published: December 2019

The article deals with conditions of fairness in criminal proceedings. Particular attention is drawn to the need for appropriate legislation and education worthy of the judiciary
Current State and Prospects of Russian Criminology
Authors: Gilinsky J I
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the state of contemporary Russian criminology as stage of its development. The achievements and significant shortcomings in the development of modern national criminological thought. Projection of the likely prospects.
Historical and legal analysis of the regulation of the problem of serving a sentence of imprisonment of pregnant women and women with young children
Authors: Omelchenko O A
Published: December 2019

This article is devoted to studying the problem of serving a sentence of imprisonment of pregnant women and women with young children. In view of maloizuchennyh of the subject and its increasing relevance in modern conditions of development of the penitentiary system attempts to review and to analyze the degree of attention of state authorities, the criminal-Executive system and the public to the problem at different stages of historical development: from pre-revolutionary times to the present day. The statistics showing the number of women and children in prison from 2003 to 2014 and the influence of serial humanization of punishment in the form of deprivation of freedom for statistical data.
The features of the development of land legislation in post-Soviet Russia
Authors: Lipsky S A
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the features and problems inherent in the federal land legislation at various stages of its development over the last two and a half decades. The author identifies four stages, and the probability of a qualitatively new stage. It explores in more detail the changes in Federal laws that regulate the turnover of agricultural land. The article also addresses the most fundamental and quite promising bills under consideration by the State Duma.
Criminal procedure evidence: attribute characteristics and quality
Authors: Baev O J
Published: December 2019

The article deals with consideration of statutory (attribute) signs (properties) of criminal procedure evidence such as the admissibility and relevance, which are based on the study of its essence. The author concludes that the reliability is not a property of proof, but its quality, which is evaluates by entities of proof in a criminal case.
Perspectives of development of conception of international law policy
Authors: Shugurov M V
Published: December 2019

Article is devoted to discussion on issue of applicability of the notion ‘law policy’ to the international law and the international legal system. Much attention is paid to comparison between such notions, as law policy, politics of international law, progressive development of international law. Author analyzes the international law policy as an objective international legal phenomenon, showing its aims and subject structure. Article gives proof of conclusion that the conception of international law policy should be based not only on giving a more precise definition of international law nature but also on analysis of current problems of international law development closely associated with fragmentation of the latter.
The problem of the legislative sentence to the death penalty in russia in the context of international obligations
Authors: Ivanov A V
Published: December 2019

Legislative Sentence to the death penalty as an exceptional measure of capital punishment and its relation to the right to life have been a subject of public discussion for a long time, and nowadays they are topical ones for every civilized state.The International law prohibits the use of capital punishment by a country because the death penalty is the ultimate cruel, inhumanand degrading punishment as well as because the legislative Sentence to the death penalty is contrary to the basic principle of respectfor human rights and fundamental freedoms including the recognition of an absolute right to human life.One of the essential conditions for invitation of Russia to the Council of Europe has been the legislative Sentence for the abolition ofthe death penalty, but Russia still has not ratified Protocol No. 6, and has not taken action on the absolute refusal of the death penalty,so the problem of the Sentence to the death penalty as a capital punishment, continues to be topical more than ever.
«Basic Education» and «Vocational Profile» as Ideologemes of the Bologna system
Authors: Korolev S V
Published: December 2019

The article deals with two unquestioned hereto terms: «basic education» and “(scientific) profile”. The author unmasks their logical incoherence and ideological bias. The target of special critique is the Bologna system of higher education with its depersonalization of education in the disguise of the battle for objectivity and fragmentation of education in the disguise of its differentiation. As a lawyer, the author favours the normativist method, which inevitably combines with the systematic analysis of the federal legislation on education. The author also applies the juridical hermeneutics as elaborated by Frederic Carl von Savigny while analysing the actual problems of the Russian higher education. Within the nascent educational law of Russia the author suggests, firstly, differentiating between the exclusive and inclusive interpretation methods. Secondly, he insists on the necessity of subjecting the eventual decision act for or against either of these methods to the rule of law imperative and the principle of the social state as anchored in the Russian constitution of 1993.
Stability of the legal phenomenon in the context of legal values: conception, features, the ways of the achievement
Authors: Milinchuk D S
Published: December 2019

The legal phenomena’ stability, its main features and the ways of reach legal system stability are researched in this article. We propose to enact «the lack of conflicts of law» concept in legal terminology.
The use of pacta sunt servanda principle during human rights and liberties protection
Authors: Ivanov A V
Published: December 2019

The important circumstance during the protection of human and citizen’s rights and liberties is usage of international law and opportunities of UNO international mechanisms. International treaties play a special role among generally recognized international law principles, the significance of these acts is huge and it’s hard to overestimate nowadays. International treaties have a great influence on national legislation and jurisprudence. The effectiveness of any international act depends on conscientious adherence of assumed international obligations by all members (the observance of pacta sunt servanda principle) and also conscientious fulfillment of international organs’ decisions by national authority.
Actual Qualification Problems of Sexual Crimes: the Limits of Judicial Interpretation
Authors: Miliukov S F , Stepanova O Yu
Published: December 2019

This article presents a critical analysis of postmen of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation «On judicial practice in cases of crimes against sexual inviolability and sexual freedom of the individual». The authors point out the limitations of WHO- judicial interpretation opportunities due to serious structural under-STATCOM relevant criminal law and suggest ways to improve them.
Revolutionary upheavals destroy the right
Authors: Naryshkin S E
Published: December 2019

Revolutionary upheavals destroy the right
The revolutionary dimension of the right of integrity
Authors: Shultz V L , Bochkarev S A
Published: December 2019

In this article we find the point of contact between revolution and law. It is determined that the epicenter of their correlation is concentrated in the phenomenon of integrity, which advocates for the rights of fundamental value, and for revolution is key antivalues. Examples of global, regional and local scale demonstrated that modern ideas about the legal-political wholes are in crisis. For prediction it is suggested to consider the revolution as an indicator of stability of political and legal system and effective methodological tool for the measurement of its integrity. Which touches upon the subject of the integrity of the theory and its status in domestic science. Identified error theory, the main of which consists in mixing and substitution of the category of «integrity» phenomenon« systematic » . The necessity of recourse to anthropological image of man as the source of true beliefs about the integrity of law.
Problems of qualification independent structures of extremist crimes in the Russian legislation
Authors: Sitnikova M P
Published: December 2019

In article the author considers the problems qualification of the basic structure of extremist crimes; raises the questions of differentiation extremist crimes between yourself and distinguishing them from related structures; offers a complex of legal measures for the purpose of making changes to existing anti-extremist legislation of the Russian Federation.
On the national package of measures to counter the penetration into the territory of the Russian Federation, members of international terrorist organizations and the involvement of Russian citizens in terrorist activities abroad
Authors: Kerimov A D , Halipova E V , Krasinski V V
Published: December 2019

In the given article the problem of penetration into the territory of Russia the members of international terrorist organizations and the involvement of Russian citizens in terrorist activities abroad is studied. The authors analyse the complex organizational-legal measures and international experience neutralize security threats related to the penetration into the territory of country foreign terrorists and the involvement of citizens in terrorist activities abroad.
On Some Issues of Constitutional-Legal Regulation of Rural Life
Authors: Afanasyev A A , Golovachev S A
Published: December 2019

In the article on the basis of scientific literature, social studies, law-enforcement practice are highlighted issues of legal regu- lation of rural life. Stresses the importance of the regulatory functions of the State based on law, proposes measures to its strengthening in achieving public policy objectives on sustainable integrated economic and social development of rural areas.
A new study of the genesis and formation of a federal state. Review of the monograph I.N. Ivshyna «Creation of a federal state»
Authors: Chestnov I L , Bochkarev S V
Published: December 2019

The authors of the summary set out the main provisions of the monograph I.N. Ivshyna «Creation of a federal state». The authors point out the relevance of the research topic, the author’s approach, originality, scientific novelty of the main provisions of the monograph. Of particular interest is the work of factual material. The author argues with I.N. Ivshyna on the reasons for the forma- tion of federal states.
The Problem of Determining the System of Private Law and the Model Law «On Entrepreneurship»
Authors: Bogustov A A
Published: December 2019

The article examines the problems caused by the adoption of a Model law on entrepreneurship. The consequences of the possible inclusion this statute in national legal systems are analyzed. The common and private methods of scientific knowledge are put in a basis of research. At a spelling of work such general scientific methods of research, as supervision, the description, a method of the analysis and synthesis, an induction and deduction, and as methods of rather comparative-law and historical-law research were used. It is concluded that the Model Law on Entrepreneurship, which seeks to introduce the dualism of private law in the national legal systems of the post-Soviet countries, is not only unable to make legal regulation of economic activity more effective, but also to create new problems in this area. They are in the delineation of civil and business law, the impossibility of clearly establishing the boundaries of their actions, duplicating the legal material. In addition, there arise the question of the need to adopt certain model laws both in terms of their practical influence on the development of positive law and the improvement of legal doctrine. Inadequate scientific justification of the recommendations may lead to the rejection of their national legislators and the impracticability of the harmonization of law in the post-Soviet space.
Responsibility for Committing Accounting Offenses in the Criminal Law with Finland and Russia as an Example
Authors: Jilkin V A
Published: December 2019

This article discusses the responsibility and punishment for violation of accounting rules in Finland and Russia. Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement, signed by 87 countries, will ensure consistent practical implementation of international tax information exchange on income and taxes paid. Modern audit has developed methods for detection of fraudulent financial reporting and provision of economic security.
Cryptorisks
Authors: Pechegin D A
Published: December 2019

The funds is the core of the financial system of any modern state. Initially, the money comes from private funds, however, the development of the economy and other factors at the time led to the abandonment of private money and the establishment of a unified monetary system in most countries. Despite this, the development of Internet technologies and trading techniques in real time has led to the revival of the idea of private money. The emergence of cryptocurrencies, their active popularization in the world, on the one hand, and the uncertainty surrounding their legal nature, on the other, may have a considerable impact on the national economy due to the need for consistent maintenance of the balance of payments. The danger is that if earlier it was possible to physically stop the activity, for example, the backstreet press, which printed banknotes (including counterfeit), etc., then do the same with cryptocurrency is not possible because of decentralization. In other words, account entries in the cryptocurrency stored on different computers around the world that are not directly related to each other. The allurement of crypto-currencies and other monetary surrogates is in the fact that the order of calculation in the legislation of most countries are not settled so far that actually removes the barriers to international transactions, although creating the conditions for the withdrawal of funds abroad (no need to pay any commissions to banks, pay taxes, etc.). It is difficult to say how actively business entities implements the latest technology (the blockchain) today. However, the new trend of monetary dualism already figured out, and gradually comes to life. The article is devoted to the analysis of the risks of modern virtual money substitutes in the absence of clear regulation and uniform approach in the world.
The Problems of Security Provision of Advocate Activity
Authors: Soloviova Y I
Published: December 2019

The article examines the problems the safe exercise of advocate professional activities, carried out the analysis of the effectiveness of measures of state protection advocates, provided by the current legislation. Formulated a number of proposals to improve legislation in order to improve safety of an advocate activity
Aspects of Information Security of the Russian Federation
Authors: Khaliullin A I
Published: December 2019

The scientific article considers issues of ensuring international information security, the component of which is the information security of the Russian Federation. High-tech methods and characteristics of the criminal space for committing crimes in the field of computer information determine their effectiveness. At the same time, there is no common position of states in the issues of countering cybercrime, which is predetermined, among other things, by the different level of penetration of information technologies. Despite the efforts of the Russian Federation to formulate rules for networking, including the inadmissibility of violating the information (network) sovereignty of states and other proposals put on the agenda of working groups at the UN, they do not find support from individual groups of countries. The absence of universally recognized borders in the network space, as well as procedures for interaction between law enforcement agencies in order to counteract cybercrime, forms a potentially conf licting information environment with a relatively low level of security. Identifying, suppressing and investigating cybercrime is, in most cases, complicated by the transboundary nature of the acts committed, which involves coordinating the efforts of law enforcement agencies of different states.Currently Russia is implementing a set of measures aimed at the regulatory regulation of the use of procedural documents in electronic form in order to accelerate the interaction of participants in criminal proceedings and reduce the terms of criminal proceedings: material evidence in criminal cases is electronic media containing electronic documents; separate elements of electronic document management are introduced. However, the legislation of the Russian Federation in the information sphere, as well as the practice of its application, needs further improvement.A special place among the subjects of counteracting the dissemination of information on the Internet, the circulation of which is limited in the territory of the Russian Federation, is assigned to the bodies of the Procurator’s Office of the Russian Federation, which not only oversees the implementation of laws throughout Russia, but also directly eliminates the causes and conditions that contributed to the commission of cybercrime.
The Problem of Legal Regulation of International Information and Cybersecurity in Modern World Politics
Authors: Stoletov O V
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the approaches of the United States of America, Russia, China, India and Brazil to the problem of legal regulation of international information and cyber security. The author considers the positions of the states in relation to the basic principles of the existing international documents in the field of information and cyber security, analyzes new initiatives in the field of developing international political and legal decisions in this area, and studies the actual practice of political regulation of this sphere at the national-state level. The author concludes that the development of general principles of political and legal regulation of the sphere of international information and cyber security becomes an urgent need for a policy of global security.
The Main Tendencies of the Political Development of the Indian System of Local Self-Government after the Adoption of the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments
Authors: Emelyanova N N
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to actual tendencies of development of local government system in India after gaining of the constitutional status. Considered such topics as the phenomenon of new leadership at the local level in the context of overcoming the traditional distribution of political power; feminization of panchayats; inf luence of regional parties on the activities of local government.
Information Wars and Sanctions of the International Olympic Committee as Means of Political Pressure on the Russian Sport and Public Opinion
Authors: Jilkine V A
Published: December 2019

Combating doping has turned into a subject of harsh political pressure on Russia and the Russian public opinion in the run-up to the presidential elections in Russia in 2018. The Executive Board of the International Olympic Committee has suspended the activities of the Russian Olympic Committee and allowed the Russian athletes to perform in PyeongChang Games-2018 under the Olympic f lag in the status of «Olympic Athletes from Russia». The article considers the violated fundamental principles and norms of the international law and the human rights enshrined by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention for the Protection of Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and guaranteed by constitutions of civilized states and by the Olympic Charter Rules. The decline of Russian representation in international organizations has resulted in the violation of the fundamental principles and essential values of Olympism, the Olympic Charter and in infringement of human rights and liberties. The Olympic Charter permits the athletes to challenge penalties relating to participation in the Olympic Games exclusively in the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS). The study of judicial practice and legal precedents in national courts gives credence to the right of any person/entity to judicial protection of honour, dignity and business reputation from distribution of unfaithful defamatory information and to the right to demand compensation of losses and non- pecuniary damage at civil courts.The article gives some examples of athletes applying to the national courts with legal claims for compensation for professional and non-pecuniary damage. The issues of defence of the National Olympic Committee, the Paralympic Committee, the interests and professional reputation of athletes of the great sporting empire should be handled originally at the governmental level, with involvement of international law counsellors. It is necessary to reform the sports system and the anti-doping laws. WADA (World Anti-Doping Agency) activities and the sport management system should be transparent, comprehensible and verifiable.
On the Issue of Criminal Liability of Personswith a Breakdown of Gender Identity (Transsexualism)for Their Illegal Acts
Authors: Khromova N M
Published: December 2019

Recently in media the materials devoted to transsexuals, their life and social problems which at them arise often began to appear. Reaction of society to such persons generally negative, and legislative regulation of their rights is absent. Only at the end of 2017 the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation has approved a form and an order of issue by the medical organization of the document on sex change according to which persons with disorder of gender identity (transsexualism) have the right to address to bodies the Registry office for entering of correction or change into record of act of civil status according to a psychological f loor. Before such persons are compelled was to live on old to documents that generated many questions including legal.So, in jurisprudence problems of a legal status of transsexual persons were repeatedly investigated, however the system analysis it is carried so out and wasn’t. Generally legal researches were conducted in civil aspect. A question of criminal prosecution of persons with the diagnosis «transsexualism» for the crimes committed by them and, respectively, departure of criminal penalties by them hasn’t been investigated.For the answer to the question posed the author of the real research has made an attempt to understand that«transsexualism» is understood as the diagnosis, whether the transsexualism is a mental deviation. The retrospective analysis of this phenomenon is carried out. Psychological criteria of this disease and stages of verification of the diagnosis are investigated.The conclusion has been drawn that violation of sexual consciousness meets also against the background of complete mental equilibrium, that is doesn’t attract insanity and, respectively, and doesn’t exclude criminal liability.Thus, the author comes to a conclusion that the transsexual person can be brought to trial for the crime committed by him irrespective of the fact which f loor such person was at the time of commission of illegal act.
On the Consolidation in the Legislation of the Concept of Rational Use of Land
Authors: Lipski S A
Published: December 2019

The article discusses how the definition of rational use of land is disclosed in the legislation, as well as how it corresponds to the more applicable at the moment the concept of improper use of land. This definition is important for land legislation and it was widely used in the Soviet period. But unambiguous def inition and at that time there was no.Conceptual-legally and comparative-legal methods are applied.Thus it is stated that as a result of changes of the land legislation of the last years the definitions in this area became worse that is fraught with negative consequences in law enforcement. In particular, gross violation of the rules of rational use of land plot entails a sanction in the form of the possibility of seizure of land plot from its owner. The author for the first time analyzes these issues in conditions of exclusion in 2016 from legislation the majority of the norms with mention of improper use of land. The author of article suggests either to return in the Land code the corresponding definition, or (which is better) to disclose the concept of rationality in the Federal Law «About Land Use Planning». According to this law, the maintenance of land use planning includes activities for the study of land, planning and organization of rational use of land and their protection. Therefore, the essence of rational and improper use of land must be defined in this Federal Law. Since its adoption in 2001, the Federal Law «About Land Use Planning» has acquired a reduced form. So geodetic and cartographic works, territorial land management is no longer in it. Land plots, zones with special conditions of use of territories and territorial zones already are no its objects. Therefore, a new version of this law is necessary.
Information and Analytical Activities of the Russian Prosecutor’s Office: Genesis and Evolution
Authors: Khatov E B
Published: December 2019

Generalizing the practice of the organization and implementation Russian Prosecutor’s activities since its inception to the present day, the author examines the information and analytical support as a factor in ensuring the unity of the prosecutorial system. It’s accentuated the role of information technology in this field.Proposed changes to the Federal Law «On Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation» which can oblige the prosecutor to carry out information and analytical activities.A study of the genesis of the information-analytical activity and its organization to certain extents possible to look at from a new angle on the problematic issues of data collection, processing, analysis and uses of information by prosecutors.It is stated that the development of the prosecution affects the evolution of information-analytical component of prosecutorial activity.
Criatividade e motivação: um estudo exploratório em docentes
Authors: Miranda Lúcia C. , Morais Maria de Fátima
Published: December 2019

A criatividade envolve características de personalidade e vários estudos reforçam a motivação intrínseca como necessária a uma personalidade criativa. É importante também um clima estimulante em sala de aula, o qual não será alheio ao professor e suas características criativas, incluindo a motivação. Há ainda que considerar, para a prática criativa, a motivação do docente face ao trabalho. Neste estudo exploratório, analisa-se a relação entre personalidade criativa e motivação para o trabalho em docentes e, particularmente, se os docentes mais e menos criativos assumem diferentes perfis motivacionais no trabalho. Foram avaliadas as perceções de 120 professores do Norte de Portugal. A motivação para o trabalho foi avaliada pela Escala Multi-Fatorial no Trabalho e para as características criativas usou-se a Escala de Personalidade Criativa. Os resultados mostram correlações baixas e positivas, mas estatisticamente significativas entre as dimensões da motivação para o trabalho e a personalidade criativa. Constituídos quatro grupos de docentes, em função das classificações na personalidade criativa, uma análise de variância aponta diferenças estatisticamente significativas em três das quatro dimensões da motivação de acordo com a criatividade dos docentes. Tendencialmente, a motivação para o trabalho aumenta à medida que os docentes se consideram mais criativos. Este estudo permite reflexões, nomeadamente enfatizando criatividade e motivação na formação de docentes e de outros agentes do contexto escolar.
COMPUTATIONAL ASPECTS OF RADIATIVE TRANSFER EQUATION IN NON-ORTHOGONAL COORDINATES
Authors: MANSOOR Saad
Published: December 2019

Non-equilibrium energy transfer takes place for thin films when thermal disturbance is introduced. In this case, phonon transport inside the film governs the heat transport and temperature distribution in the film. In the present study an attempt is made to formulate and illustrate the phonon transfer in micro-scale silicon film of various shapes incorporating the non-orthogonal coordinate system. Successful application of the discrete-ordinates method to the solution of the equation for phonon radiative transport in non-orthogonal coordinates requires the application of various numerical techniques connected to the finite-difference method. The numerical solution of the equation for phonon transfer in non-orthogonal coordinate is introduced via adapting the discrete ordinate method. Phonon intensity distribution in the thin film is presented in terms of equivalent equilibrium temperature. It is found that film shape has significant effect on equivalent equilibrium temperature distribution inside the film. The validation study demonstrates that the code developed solving the equation for phonon transport is also applicable to the phonon transport in non-orthogonal coordinate system.
SHIP EMISSION ESTIMATION FOR IZMIR AND MERSIN INTERNATIONAL PORTS – TURKEY
Authors: EKMEKÇİOĞLU Araks
Published: December 2019

Approximately 90% of the world trade is done by sea trade. The world maritime trade fleet is also increasing every year. Since ships use fossil fuels, they contribute to global climate change. It is very important for the environment and human health to calculate emissions in the port areas where ships do cargo operations. In this study, emissions analysis of the two important ports of Turkey’s is performed with using the bottom-up calculation method. In addition, hotelling periods of the vessels are monitored for both ports for one year period. As a result, total Nitrogen Oxide (NOx), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), Particulate Matter (PM) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) emissions of İzmir Port are calculated as 900 tons/year, 589 tons/year, 45320.5 tons/year, 49.7 tons/year, 77.7 tons/year and 36.9 tons/year, respectively. Moreover, total NOx, SO2, CO2, VOC, PM and CO emissions of Mersin Port are calculated as 1998 tons/year, 1339 tons/year, 102330 tons/year, 114.5 tons/year, 178.5 tons/year and 82.5 tons/year, respectively. The amount of emissions of Mersin port, which has a higher number of movements, was higher than that of İzmir port.
COMBUSTION ANALYSIS OF CI ENGINE FUELLED WITH ALGAE BIOFUEL BLENDS
Authors: JOSHİ Mahesh
Published: December 2019

Algae-based biofuels are the most capable solutions to energy catastrophe and global warming for years to come due to its potentially high yield, higher growth rate, biodegradable, nontoxic, carbon neutral, low emission profile, use of non-arable land and non-potable water with less attention and resource consumption. A biofuel produced from chlorella algae oil through a transesterification process was used in this study. Experimental tests were performed on a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection, naturally aspirated diesel engine at constant engine speed of 1500 rpm and compression ratio of 18 at various loading conditions to evaluate the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics using algae biofuel blends of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%, moreover the results are compared with those of standard diesel. The brake thermal efficiency showed decreasing trend (upto 5%) whereas specific fuel consumption (upto 7%) and exhaust gas temperature (upto 3%) showed increasing trend for algae biofuel blends compared to diesel. Reduction in hydrocarbon (upto 28%) and carbon monoxide (upto 22%) emission was noted for algae biofuel blends along with a marginal increase in NOx (upto 13%) emissions. Also, algae biofuel blends showed almost comparable combustion results compared to conventional diesel, however, the blends confirm shortened ignition delay due to their earlier start of combustion. From this study, we can conclude that small fraction by volume (20%) of algae biofuel addition with diesel has exhibited satisfactory results and could be used as a good substitute for petrodiesel fuel.
Using high-performance deep learning platform to accelerate object detection
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Stepanenko Sergei , Yakimov Pavel ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: December 2019

Object classification with use of neural networks is extremely current today. YOLO is one of the most often used frameworks for object classification. It produces high accuracy but the processing speed is not high enough especially in conditions of limited performance of a computer. This article researches use of a framework called NVIDIA TensorRT to optimize YOLO with the aim of increasing the image processing speed. Saving efficiency and quality of the neural network work TensorRT allows us to increase the processing speed using an optimization of the architecture and an optimization of calculations on a GPU.
Industrial application of big data services in digital economy
Authors:   SEC “Open Code”, Yarmarochnaya Str., 55, Samara, Russia, 443001, Surnin Oleg , Sitnikov Pavel ,   ITMO University, Birzhevaya liniya, 14, lit. A, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, 199034, Khorina Anastasia ,   ITMO University, Birzhevaya liniya, 14, lit. A, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, 199034, Ivaschenko Anton ,   Samara State Technical University, Molodogvardejskaya street, 244, Samara, Russia, 443100, Stolbova Anastasia ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse, 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Ilyasova Natalya ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse, 34, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: December 2019

Nowadays, the world is moving to automation. Appropriate programs for the implementation of industrial applications are developed by many companies. But is it so easy to implement systems capable of processing large amounts of information in production? Despite multiple positive results in research and development of Big Data technologies, their practical implementation and use remain challenging. At the same time most prominent trends of digital economy require Big Data analysis in various problem domains. We carried out the analysis of existing data processing works. Based on generalization of theoretical research and a number of real economy projects in this area there is proposed in this paper an architecture of a software development kit that can be used as a solid platform to build industrial applications. Was formed a basic algorithm for processing data from various sources (sensors, corporate systems, etc.). Examples are given for automobile industry with a reference of Industry 4.0 paradigm implementation in practice. The given examples are illustrated by trends graphs and by subject area ontology of the automotive industry.
Investigation of optimal configurations of a convolutional neural network for the identification of objects in real-time
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Isayev Mikhail , Savelyev Dmitry ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: December 2019

The comparison of different convolutional neural networks which are the core of the most actual solutions in the computer vision area is considers in hhe paper. The study includes benchmarks of this state-of-the-art solutions by some criteria, such as mAP (mean average precision), FPS (frames per seconds), for the possibility of real-time usability. It is concluded on the best convolutional neural network model and deep learning methods that were used at particular solution.