bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water Resource Optimal Allocation Based on Multi-Agent Game Theory of HanJiang River Basin
Authors: Han Qi , Tan Guangming , Fu Xiang , Mei Yadong , Yang Zhenyu
Published: September 2018

Water scarcity is an important issue in many countries, and it is therefore necessary to improve the efficiency and equality of water resource allocation for decision makers. Based on game theory (GT), a bi-level optimization model is developed from the perspective of a leader-follower relationship among agents (stakeholders) of a river basin in this study, which consists of a single-agent GT-based optimization model of common interest and a multi-agent cooperative GT-based model. The Hanjiang River Basin is chosen as a case study, where there are conflicts among different interest agents in this basin. The results show that the proposed bi-level model could attain the same improvement of common interest by 8%, with the conventional optimal model. However, different from the conventional optimal model, since the individual interests have been considered in the bi-level optimization model, the willingness of cooperation of individuals has risen from 20% to 80%. With a slight decrease by 3% of only one agent, the increases of interest of other agents are 14%, 18%, 7%, and 14%, respectively, when using the bi-level optimization model. The conclusion could be drawn that the proposed model is superior to the conventional optimal model. Moreover, this study provides scientific support for the large spatial scale water resource allocation model.
Water Quantity and Quality under Future Climate and Societal Scenarios: A Basin-Wide Approach Applied to the Sorraia River, Portugal
Authors: Almeida Carina , Ramos Tiago B. , Segurado Pedro , Branco Paulo , Neves Ramiro , Proença de Oliveira Rodrigo
Published: September 2018

Water resources are impacted by several stressors like over-population and over consumption that compromises their availability. These stressors are expected to progressively intensify due to climate change in most regions of the world, with direct impact on watersheds and river systems. This study investigates the effect of different watershed pressure scenarios due to climate change in the hydrological regime of the Sorraia River basin, Portugal. This catchment includes one of the largest irrigated areas in the country, thus being strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities, associated to hydrological (irrigation, flow regulation, damming) and nutrient stressors. The Soil Water Assessment Tool has been used to simulate water flow and nutrient dynamics in the watershed while considering inputs from two climate models and three societal scenarios. Results have shown that the predicted rainfall reductions will have a significant impact on river flow and nutrient concentrations when compared to baseline conditions. River flow will expectably decrease by 75%, while nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in river water will expectably increase by 500% and 200%, respectively. These differences are more evident for storylines that consider increasing pressures such as population growth and agricultural expansion marked with unsustainable practices and increased reliance on technology. The results of this study indicate a possible future outcome and provide effective guidelines for the formulation of water management policies to counter the impacts of climate change and corresponding environmental pressures in the Sorraia River basin.
Spatial Pattern Oriented Multicriteria Sensitivity Analysis of a Distributed Hydrologic Model
Authors: Demirel Mehmet , Koch Julian , Mendiguren Gorka , Stisen Simon
Published: September 2018

Hydrologic models are conventionally constrained and evaluated using point measurements of streamflow, which represent an aggregated catchment measure. As a consequence of this single objective focus, model parametrization and model parameter sensitivity typically do not reflect other aspects of catchment behavior. Specifically for distributed models, the spatial pattern aspect is often overlooked. Our paper examines the utility of multiple performance measures in a spatial sensitivity analysis framework to determine the key parameters governing the spatial variability of predicted actual evapotranspiration (AET). The Latin hypercube one-at-a-time (LHS-OAT) sampling strategy with multiple initial parameter sets was applied using the mesoscale hydrologic model (mHM) and a total of 17 model parameters were identified as sensitive. The results indicate different parameter sensitivities for different performance measures focusing on temporal hydrograph dynamics and spatial variability of actual evapotranspiration. While spatial patterns were found to be sensitive to vegetation parameters, streamflow dynamics were sensitive to pedo-transfer function (PTF) parameters. Above all, our results show that behavioral model definitions based only on streamflow metrics in the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) type methods require reformulation by incorporating spatial patterns into the definition of threshold values to reveal robust hydrologic behavior in the analysis.
New jumping spiders from the alpine meadows of the Valley of Flowers, western Himalayas, India (Araneae, Salticidae)
Authors: Caleb John T.D. , Sajan S.K. , Kumar Vikas
Published: September 2018

Two new jumping spider species: Nandiciusvallisflorumsp. n., (♀) and Pelleneshimalayasp. n. (♂, ♀), are diagnosed, described and illustrated in detail. The specimens were collected from the Valley of Flowers, western Himalayas, Uttarakhand State of India.
La ville in situ : de Londres à Paris, entre spectateur et concepteur
Authors: De Jong Sigrid
Published: September 2018

L’article examine le concept d’ in situ dans les discours sur l’architecture et sa situation urbaine à Paris et à Londres au 18 e siècle. La ville in situ est à la fois une expérience multi-sensorielle sur place et une compréhension du génie du lieu. La perspective du spectateur est étudiée, dans des réactions sur les deux villes in situ dans des écrits français, et le point de vue du concepteur, dans des projets pour renforcer les expériences architecturales à Paris. L’étude montre un dialogue continu entre spectateur et concepteur de la ville.
Le Louvre, quartier des arts
Authors: Nicoud Guillaume
Published: September 2018

L’installation d’académies dans les murs du Louvre sous Louis XIV transforme le quartier de l’ancien palais royal en un lieu de l’art, ce qu’entérine Louis XV en décidant d’achever l’édifice et d’y aménager un musée d’art.
Théorie coloriste et question du lieu
Authors: Lavezzi Elisabeth
Published: September 2018

Nouveau lieu, le Salon synthétise symboliquement divers lieux de l’art qui ont existé avant lui. Les textes montrent qu’il intègre l’atelier qui, inversement, peut être utilisé comme lieu d’exposition, alors que le Salon n’offre pas toujours de bonnes conditions de visibilité. Comme de Piles l’explique, l’exagération des couleurs d’un tableau coloriste est déterminée par le lieu auquel il est destiné. Enfin, le visiteur du Salon a acquis ses connaissances notamment dans les cabinets de collectionneurs.
Penser la surdité. L’histoire du sourd de Chartres et l’empirisme des Lumières
Authors: Chottin Marion
Published: September 2018

En 1703, dans l’ Histoire de l’Académie royale des sciences , Fontenelle rapporte un petit récit concernant un jeune homme sourd de la ville de Chartres qui aurait soudainement recouvré l’audition : sorte d’analogue de l’adolescent aveugle auquel Cheselden rendit la vue en 1728, le « sourd et muet de Chartres », qui, sans langage, menait une « vie purement animale », viendrait prouver, selon Fontenelle, que « le plus grand fonds des idées des hommes est dans leur commerce réciproque ». Indissociable des enjeux théologiques et métaphysiques qu’elle charrie, cette histoire eut pour effet de hisser la surdité au rang d’objet philosophique. C’est pourquoi nous l’aborderons non pas comme un (simple) moyen susceptible de trancher le problème des rapports langage/pensée, mais comme un prisme révélateur des philosophies de la surdité du siècle des Lumières. Plus précisément, nous voudrions établir la thèse suivante : l’histoire du sourd de Chartres a été l’occasion, pour les philosophes empiristes, de produire le concept de surdité qui seul pouvait conduire à la généralisation de l’instruction des sourds, à savoir celui d’une privation purement circonstancielle et contingente de la raison.
Pierre Desloges le regard sourd du 18 e siècle. Autour des Observations d’un sourd et muet (1779)
Authors: Cantin Yann
Published: September 2018

Né en septembre 1742 au Grand-Pressigny, Pierre Desloges devient sourd et muet à la suite d’une petite vérole mal soignée. Ses Observations d’un sourd et muet de Pierre Desloges (1779) marquent le début du militantisme sourd. Elles répondent aux critiques formulées pendant le siècle contre l’invention de l’abbé de l’Épée par l’abbé Deschamps ou Michel Saboureux de Fontenay. En plus de défendre les qualités proprement linguistiques de la langue des signes, ses Observations suggèrent l’existence d’une communauté sourde au 18 e siècle.
Trois historiens de la Révolution Française à Saint-Pétersbourg : Kareiev, Tarlé, Revunenkov
Authors: Goncharova Tatiana
Published: September 2018

L’histoire de la Révolution française rencontre un écho particulier en Russie à partir de la fin du 19 e siècle. D’abord censurée, elle prospère ensuite, sollicitée par le processus révolutionnaire enclenché dans le pays. Les historiens russes se montrent même pionniers pour certains champs de recherche (histoire agraire et sociale, rôle des sections parisiennes notamment). En contact permanent avec les historiens français et travaillant au plus près des archives, des professeurs de l’Université de Saint-Pétersbourg sont à la pointe de ce mouvement, qu’illustrent en particulier les deux grandes figures de Kareiev et Tarlé. L’avènement du régime soviétique stimule et complique à la fois la réflexion historique sur la Révolution française. La tradition d’une recherche libre et innovante se perpétue néanmoins à Saint-Pétersbourg, illustrée encore par Revunenkov à la fin du siècle dernier.
La dissuasion nucléaire a-t-elle encore un avenir ?
Authors: Mongin Dominique
Published: September 2018

La dissuasion par l’arme nucléaire constitue un facteur de paix, mais la tendance actuelle est à la prolifération nucléaire. Dans ce contexte instable, la France doit investir pour se doter d’une capacité dissuasive opératoire.
Analyser les musiques actuelles : jalons pour une proposition de méthodologie
Authors: Gonin Philippe
Published: September 2018

Il existe aujourd’hui encore une tendance très forte intégrant l’analyse des musiques actuelles, et en particulier des musiques rock, dans le carcan d’une analyse « traditionnelle », héritière de l’analyse tonale appliquée aux musiques savantes voire au jazz. Pourtant, celle-ci s’avère impuissante à décrire l’ensemble du phénomène sonore constituant une œuvre musicale « rock ». Par ailleurs, des études réalisées par des acousticiens révèlent des phénomènes sonores liés à la production, au mixage, mais font la plupart du temps abstraction de « l’écriture » musicale. Si l’on convient généralement que le « texte premier » ( primary text ) permettant d’analyser les musiques rock est l’enregistrement, que sa transmission est essentiellement phonographique, alors il nous faut chercher des pistes permettant de définir les contours d’une analyse intimement liée à l’enregistrement. Cette spécificité nous conduit à envisager une définition nouvelle et plus large des musiques rock comme œuvre distinguant une structure simple et ses diverses représentations que l’on peut appeler structures complexes. La présente contribution propose de poser quelques jalons visant à définir des propositions méthodologiques spécifiquement adaptées aux musique rock comme objet d’analyse.
L’élan bergsonien ou la matière comme ascèse de la vie
Authors: Kebede Messay
Published: September 2018

D’aucuns pensent que la critique bergsonienne de l’idée du néant et des concepts négatifs ne va pas de pair avec la présentation de la matière comme l’opposé de la vie. Cet article est en désaccord avec cette interprétation et propose une solution basée sur la nécessité de distinguer entre la vision intuitive de l’unité de la nature et celle de l’analyse intellectuelle, dont la caractéristique est d’appréhender la même unité au moyen de concepts opposés. Le résultat est que l’intuition transcende l’opposition et unit la vie et la matière dans la vision d’un effort d’autodépassement.
Une organisation d’entreprise au service de la sûreté à l’international pour ses collaborateurs : le cas de Danone
Authors: Rimlinger Annick
Published: September 2018

Après un parcours au sein de l’Aéronavale, Bernard Galéa rejoint un service spécialisé de la Défense où il alternera durant plus de 17 années des postes en administration centrale et à l’étranger. En 2008, il décide de rejoindre le privé : FM Logistic puis Danone en 2015 en tant que vice-président, directeur de la sûreté et de l’intelligence économique. Diplômé d’un master en Gestion globale des risques et des crises (Paris 1, Panthéon-Sorbonne), 10 è promotion de l’IERSE-INHESJ Paris, il dispose également de deux executives certificates en General management (Wharton School, université de Pennsyvanie) et en Operation and supply chain management (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Bernard Galéa est membre du conseil d’administration du CDSE, VP de l’ASIS International pour le chapitre France et membre du board européen où il représente le CSO Roundtable. Il est Officier de la Légion d’Honneur et Conseiller du Commerce extérieur de la France.
Loxa deducta Walker, 1867 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) en Chile: distribución, historia de invasión e identificación
Authors: Faúndez Eduardo I. , Rocca Javiera R.
Published: September 2018

Se analiza la presencia del pentatómido Loxa deducta Walker, 1867 en Chile. Se proporcionan nuevos registros para las regiones de Valparaíso, O´Higgins y Maule; extendiendo su distribución tanto al norte como al sur. Se proveen herramientas de identificación para diferenciarle de otros pentatómidos chilenos y otras especies de Loxa Amyot & Serville, 1843 presentes en el área.
El papel de las mujeres socialistas en los organismos internacionales durante los años treinta
Authors: Domínguez Prats Pilar
Published: September 2018

El artículo analiza la presencia de las mujeres del sindicato socialista UGT en los organismos internacionales del período de entreguerras, la OIT, la SDN y la FSI, en especial durante la II República española, explicando las posturas de la UGT y sus representantes femeninas en esos foros. La base del trabajo son los documentos del Archivo del Instituto de Historia Social de Ámsterdam relativos a la Federación Socialista Internacional, completada con la generada por el PSOE y la UGT durante el período. El debate en torno al papel de las mujeres en el mercado de trabajo, que enfrentaba las posturas proteccionistas mayoritarias con las defensoras de la igualdad de derechos entre hombres y mujeres, marca la participación de las socialistas en estos foros internacionales a partir de la II República. Sus intervenciones fueron reducidas, dadas las limitaciones impuestas por el modelo de género de la domesticidad y por su cualificación. Las más destacadas representantes femeninas españolas en la SDN, la OIT y la FSI, Claudina García, Isabel de Palencia y Regina García, defendieron posturas contrapuestas en esos foros.
La Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT) y la Confederación Francesa Democrática del Trabajo (CFDT): nuevas ejecutivas, nuevo socio sindical en Francia (1971-1978)
Authors: Vargas Bruno
Published: September 2018

La opción sindical defendida por la Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT) a lo largo del exilio consistió en privilegiar el trabajo en las grandes instituciones sindicales del mundo occidental y mantener una presencia casi testimonial en España. Esta elección pudo representar un serio obstáculo a la muerte del dictador, en su lucha con Comisiones Obreras (CCOO) y sobre todo la Unión Sindical Obrera (USO) para recuperar la representatividad de los trabajadores españoles, por actuar esta última en el mismo campo ideológico. A partir de un conjunto de fuentes impresas y fondos de archivo, custodiados en la Fundación Francisco Largo Caballero, se examinan las relaciones que la UGT entabló con la Confederación Francesa Democrática del Trabajo (CFDT). UGT intentaba, en el terreno internacional, asegurarse el liderazgo del sindicalismo socialista español en la Confederación Europea de Sindicatos (CES) y en la Confederación Internacional de las Organizaciones Sindicales Libres (CIOSL). Los nuevos dirigentes de la UGT buscaron el apoyo de la central francesa para recuperar el terreno perdido y desarmar el potencial de su gran rival tanto en el interior como en la escena internacional.
The Significance of International Higher Education in Environmental Issues
Authors: Gündüz Şerife , Laama Isam Fathi , Erdoğuş Mirati
Published: September 2018

Libya, potentially with enormous landmass and environmental resources, has what it takes to spearhead the African continent and can equally stand as a sustainable nation. The authors have identified three broad areas that can electronically transform the government intentions into reality; these are an institutional framework, management, and public services for collaborative partners internally and externally, and infrastructural capacity building that will enhance government. This chapter has presented a theoretical concept for further research works that will help to reshape the e-government system which is an exemplary prototype of the procedures of obtaining the higher degree in tertiary institutions; thus, Libya must compete with the standards of other countries in university policies toward sustainable environmental practices. This is the higher aim of Libya state to acquire hi-tech skills as a fundamental step toward environmental issues prior to the implementation of e-learning systems and GIS aiming to control the investment of time, effort, and financial resources.
National Prospects and Regional Challenges for Internationalization of the Palestinian Higher Education
Authors: Koldas Umut , Çıraklı Mustafa
Published: September 2018

Most of the challenges faced by the Palestinian higher education institutions (HEIs) towards internationalization stem from the problematic nature of bilateral relations of the Palestinian Authority (PA) in West Bank and Gaza Strip (WBGS) with Israel. Evaluating the geo-political, socio-economic, historical, and organizational barriers to internationalization of higher education in the WBGS, the chapter elaborates on the cumulative effects of the Israeli direct and indirect control over the WBGS on the development of universities, the impact of geo-political restraints of being a conflict zone, and logistical restrictions imposed on the movement of academics, visitors, and academic materials. Various domestic challenges including the political and ideological differences within the PA, the quality of national-level governance, and planning in higher education and financing are also highlighted throughout. Referring to the catalysts and obstacles, the chapter concludes with a reflection on the future challenges and prospects facing the Palestinian HEIs in a dynamic yet challenging context.
Toward a Liberatory Praxis for Emerging Black Faculty
Authors: Taylor Leonard , Beatty Cameron C.
Published: September 2018

Authors of this chapter offer Black junior faculty a praxis that thoughtfully supports their efforts to advance justice issues in their classrooms, whether a central or ancillary focus. Liberatory pedagogy supports the development of critical consciousness in students, which advances equity and justice in and beyond the classroom. Applying liberatory pedagogy with attention to the unique experiences of emerging Black faculty helps to mitigate the challenges these faculty may face as educators and change agents. This also empowers emerging Black faculty to mobilize their personal experiences and reflections for the interrogation, (re)construction, and delivery of content, strategies, structures.
Impact of Pesticides on Invertebrates in Aquatic Ecosystem
Authors: Gull Azad , Dar Ashaq Ahmad , Chaturvedi Jaya
Published: September 2018

Aquatic ecosystems do not contain more than a fragment of the global water resources, but they are exclusive and complex habitats due to the extremely close association between terrestrial and aquatic habitats. The important fish stocks and a unique set of organisms that provides priceless consumer services, such as chemical water purification and organic matter processing, are affected. The pollution of aquatic ecosystems with pesticides applied in agricultural production is widely acknowledged as one of the greatest anthropogenic stressors to stream ecosystems, and agricultural pesticides are known to cause a threat to all living organisms in stream ecosystems. The general objective of this chapter is to study the effects of agricultural pesticides on invertebrates. There are only a few evaluating effects of pesticide contamination resulting from normal agricultural practice on invertebrates, and there is a lack of studies focusing on the indirect effects of pesticides. The importance of physical habitat degradation in the assessment and mitigation of pesticide risk in agricultural streams will be discussed.
Pesticide Analysis Techniques, Limitations, and Applications
Authors: Kafkas Ebru , Daglioglu Nebile , Yarpuz-Bozdogan Nigar , Zarifikhosroshahi Mozhgan
Published: September 2018

Natural or synthetic chemical compounds in pesticides are commonly used to kill pests or weeds. In general, pesticides are potentially toxic to not only organisms but also the environment and should be used safely disposed of expediently. Pesticide residues in foods may cause various crucial diseases in the body. The damage of pesticides can be changed depending on the application dose or type of active compounds. For this reason, identification and quantification of pesticides via highly selective, sensitive, accurate, and renewable techniques are of vital importance due to the large amounts of possible interfering substances during the extraction stages. Analysis of pesticide residues by analytical methods can be fluctuate based on the pesticide types. For food and health safety, maximum residue limits (MRL) of pesticides in foods were determined by the European Community. There are many analytical methods developed for identification and quantification of pesticides. Although there are some limitations, the multi-residue methods sensible for analyzing a great number of pesticides in one single run is the fastest, the most favorite, and efficient choice. However, some of the pesticides need specific methodologies and single-residue methods apply as compulsory for them. In this chapter, recent advances in the various analysis of pesticide residues in crops and their applications and limitations are discussed.
Prospects of Pesticide Contamination and Control Measures in Aquatic Systems
Authors: Rani Roopa , Patnala Prem Kishore , Pathak Vinayak V.
Published: September 2018

In this chapter, up-to-date knowledge on extenuation strategies to diminish pesticide accumulation in aquatic systems, which has remained a major concern for ground water as well as surface water, adversely affecting aquatic ecosystems and humans through bio-magnification, are included. Several factors affect the toxicity of pesticides like dosage of concentration, relative toxicity, and chemical interactions. The best approach to decrease pesticide pollution in environment is to use safer, non-chemical control methods, and industrial or sewage superfluous should not be dumped into water reservoirs without proper pretreatment. Biological and chemical methods used for the control measures of pesticides pollution in aquatic systems. Thus, a greener approach for remedy of pesticide-contaminated aquatic system could be more cost-effective and sustainable.
Biopesticide Techniques to Remediate Pesticides in Polluted Ecosystems
Authors: Bhat Rouf Ahmad , Beigh Bilal A. , Mir Shafat A. , Dar Shakeel Ahmad , Dervash Moonisa Aslam , Rashid Asmat , Lone Rafiq
Published: September 2018

Indiscriminate and incessant use of synthetic pesticides is becoming an increasing global concern. No doubt, the application of conventional synthetic pesticides has enhanced the quality and quantity of agricultural products. However, accumulation of pesticides in freshwater resources has negative effects on aquatic ecosystem and human health. The persistent and toxic nature of pesticides has led to direct or indirect exposure on the biota in aquatic ecosystems resulting in acute (mortality of organisms) and chronic effects (decreased production and change in community structure), thus posing serious consequences for the ecosystem. Biopesticides provides a cost-effective and innovative approach employing bioremediation techniques for the removal of pesticides in water because of its advantage linked with environmental safety, biodegradability, effectiveness, and target-specificity. Furthermore, biopesticides provide an efficient method for detoxification of pesticides and appropriateness in the integrated pest management (IPM) programs.
Tracy Kidder, Media Pundits, and the Academe
Authors: Soga Lebene R.
Published: September 2018

This chapter critically examines how Tracy Kidder's story The Soul of a New Machine was received over the past three decades by the academic community as against the non-academic media punditocracy. Bruno Latour, upon examining Tracy Kidder's story, observes that the heroic tale of engineers who worked on Eagle, a 32-bit minicomputer, was actually inspired by a machine! Over the years, however, this Latourian viewpoint seems to have been ignored. The chapter exposes how these two different viewpoints of the story reinforce the assumptions about how we approach narratives about technology. The arguments indicate that non-academic reviews focused largely on heroism, whereas in the academy, the story was approached in light of the prevailing academic discourses in management theory per any given decade of the book's journey, thus making the Latourian viewpoint an important voice of reason.
CVSS
Authors: Zhou Lei , Yan Wei Qi , Shu Yun , Yu Jian
Published: September 2018

A large amount of surveillance videos and images need sufficient storage. In this article, an architecture of cloud-based surveillance systems and its modules will be designed, the Cloud-based Visual Surveillance System (CVSS) will be implemented on a private cloud using a Virtual Machine (VM). The users are able to link their cameras to the CVSS system so that the goal of this design can be achieved. The authors' CVSS system is able to push notification messages of captured videos to receivers, and their users could receive a surveillance video along with its events. The CVSS system fully makes use of the merits of cloud computing, which make it more advanced as stated in the evaluation section of this article. The contributions of this article are to be implemented in the CVSS system with: (1) video stream input, (2) intelligent visual surveillance, (3) real-time video transcoding and storage, (4) message pushing and media streaming output.
Privacy Concerns and Customers' Information-Sharing Intentions
Authors: Grosso Monica , Castaldo Sandro
Published: September 2018

Today companies are more and more interested in collecting personal information from customers in order to deliver goods and services effectively and to improve their Marketing database and CRM efficacy. However, the ease with which data can be acquired and disseminated, also thanks to the digital technologies, has led to many potential customers demonstrating growing concerns and ethical issues about disclosing personal information. On this topic it is difficult to make too many generalizations, since the cultural differences and the different country regulations seem to weigh significantly.
An Information Security Model for Implementing the New ISO 27001
Authors: Stoll Margareth
Published: September 2018

The importance of data privacy, information availability, and integrity is increasingly recognized. Sharpened legal requirements and increasing data leakages have further promoted data privacy. In order to implement the different requirements in an effective, efficient, and sustainable way, the authors integrate different governance frameworks to their holistic information security and data privacy model. More than 1.5 million organizations worldwide are implementing a standard-based management system. In order to promote the integration of different standards, the International Standard Organization (ISO) released a common structure. ISO/IEC 27001 for information security management was changed accordingly in October 2013. The holistic model fulfills all requirements of the new version. Its implementation in several organizations and the study's results are described. In that way data privacy and security are part of all strategic, tactical, and operational business processes, promote corporate governance and living security, as well as the fulfillment of all standard requirements.
Clustering Based on Two Layers for Abnormal Event Detection in Video Surveillance
Authors: Fendri Emna , Ghrab Najla Bouarada , Hammami Mohamed
Published: September 2018

Abnormal event detection has attracted great research attention in video surveillance. In this paper, the authors presented a robust method of trajectories clustering for abnormal event detection. This method is based on two layers and benefits from two well-known clustering algorithms: the agglomerative hierarchical clustering and the k-means clustering. Facing to the challenges related to the trajectories, e.g., different sizes, the authors introduce a preprocessing step to unify their sizes and reduce their dimensionality. The experimental results show the performance and accuracy of their proposed method.
Hybrid Privacy Preservation Technique Using Neural Networks
Authors: VidyaBanu R. , Nagaveni N.
Published: September 2018

A novel Artificial Neural Network (ANN) dimension expansion-based framework that addresses the demand for privacy preservation of low dimensional data in clustering analysis is discussed. A hybrid approach that combines ANN with Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is proposed to preserve the privacy of data in mining. This chapter describes a feasible technique for privacy preserving clustering with the objective of providing superior level of privacy protection without compromising the data utility and mining outcome. The suitability of these techniques for mining has been evaluated by performing clustering on transformed data and the performance of the proposed method is measured in terms of misclassification and privacy level percentage. The methods are further validated by comparing the results with traditional Geometrical Data Transformation Methods (GDTMs). The results arrived at are significant and promising.
Suggestions for Achieving Balance Between Corporate Dataveillance and Employee Privacy Concerns
Authors: Rosette Ordor Ngowari , Kazemeyni Fatemeh , Aghili Shaun , Butakov Sergey , Ruhl Ron
Published: September 2018

Big data, like most technological innovations, brings noticeable benefits as well potential risks. Dataveillance using big data is becoming another dimension in the increasing privacy concerns of the workforce. Such concerns emanate from the tension between the correct use of employee personal data and information privacy in big data within and outside the work environment. It has evolved as employees are becoming increasingly cognizant of the ways in which employers can use technologies to monitor social media activities, internet interactions, emails and other online activities outside the work environment. The objective of this research paper is to recommend a set of guidelines which will be mapped to COBIT 5 framework to help medium and large organizations balance the tension between the increasing potential of big data and employee dataveillance privacy concerns in workplaces.
Towards Intelligent Human Behavior Detection for Video Surveillance
Authors: Nigam Swati , Singh Rajiv , Misra A. K.
Published: September 2018

Computer vision techniques are capable of detecting human behavior from video sequences. Several state-of-the-art techniques have been proposed for human behavior detection and analysis. However, a collective framework is always required for intelligent human behavior analysis. Therefore, in this chapter, the authors provide a comprehensive understanding towards human behavior detection approaches. The framework of this chapter is based on human detection, human tracking, and human activity recognition, as these are the basic steps of human behavior detection process. The authors provide a detailed discussion over the human behavior detection framework and discuss the feature-descriptor-based approach. Furthermore, they have provided qualitative and quantitative analysis for the detection framework and demonstrate the results for human detection, human tracking, and human activity recognition.
Collective Event Detection by a Distributed Low-Cost Smart Camera Network
Authors: Hwang Jhih-Yuan , Lee Wei-Po
Published: September 2018

The current surveillance systems must identify the continuous human behaviors to detect various events from video streams. To enhance the performance of event recognition, in this chapter, we propose a distributed low-cost smart cameras system, together with a machine learning technique to detect abnormal events through analyzing the sequential behaviors of a group of people. Our system mainly includes a simple but efficient strategy to organize the behavior sequence, a new indirect encoding scheme to represent a group of people with relatively few features, and a multi-camera collaboration strategy to perform collective decision making for event recognition. Experiments have been conducted and the results confirm the reliability and stability of the proposed system in event recognition.
Preserving User Privacy and Security in Context-Aware Mobile Platforms
Authors: Das Prajit Kumar , Ghosh Dibyajyoti , Jagtap Pramod , Joshi Anupam , Finin Tim
Published: September 2018

Contemporary smartphones are capable of generating and transmitting large amounts of data about their users. Recent advances in collaborative context modeling combined with a lack of adequate permission model for handling dynamic context sharing on mobile platforms have led to the emergence of a new class of mobile applications that can access and share embedded sensor and context data. Most of the time such data is used for providing tailored services to the user but it can lead to serious breaches of privacy. We use Semantic Web technologies to create a rich notion of context. We also discuss challenges for context aware mobile platforms and present approaches to manage data flow on these devices using semantically rich fine-grained context-based policies that allow users to define their privacy and security need using tools we provide.
Smartphone Guns Shooting Tweets
Authors: Kiggins Ryan
Published: September 2018

This chapter investigates the increasing use of social media during a 2012 flare up in armed conflict between Hamas and the state of Israel. Through tweet and counter tweet, Israel, Hamas, and digital recruits engage in a duel as lethal to identity as kinetic projectiles. Internet connected devices such as smartphones have become hostile agents through the republishing of social media content. Such devices and social media content have material affects beyond the geographic battlespace. The advent of Internet connected devices and social media content concomitant with their use during armed conflict by hostiles beyond the geographic battlespace suggest that patterns of conflict are rapidly changing calling into question the notion of hostile, hostile acts, and battlespace. In a social media and smartphone saturated era, who and what counts as hostile (people, smartphones, and tweets) is increasingly ambiguous.
Adolescence Surveillance System for Obesity Prevention (ASSO) in Europe
Authors: Tabacchi Garden , Jemni Monèm , Viana Joao L , Bianco Antonino
Published: September 2018

Adolescents' obesity is a major concern in our modern life that could lead to significant increase in the rate of obese future generations and consequently in the health budget. The ASSO (Adolescence Surveillance System for Obesity prevention) project in Italy is tackling this new pandemic using the new e-technology through a multi facets monitoring system on life style including food consumptions, meal patterns and habits, alcohol, smoking, physical activity, fitness and sedentariness, and biological/genetic, and socio-cultural/environmental characteristics of adolescents. The project has been recently piloted in the South of the country. This chapter summarizes the design and structure of the ASSO system, its implementation and the results of an evaluation process for its possible extension to the whole Italian territory and to other European realities as a national surveillance system.
Factors Affecting Internet Advertising Adoption in Ad Agencies
Authors: Abtahi Masumeh Sadat , Behboudi Leila , Hasanabad Hamideh Mokhtari
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting adoption of Internet advertising in advertising agencies. The paper provides preliminary insights into why ad agencies are reluctant to recommend Internet advertising to their clients. A theoretical framework was developed by scrutinizing the body of literature. The gathered date was verified by 294 academic and practical experts in the field of marketing and advertising. In pursuing this goal, a questionnaire was designed to validate factors affecting the adoption of Internet advertising. Results indicate that 18 variables in the form of three key factors, namely “technical knowledge of account manager,” “e-commerce readiness of country” and “agencies' ability of Internet adoption” affect adoption of Internet advertising in ad agencies. It was found that e-commerce readiness of a country is the critical factor in adopting internet advertising in ad agencies. This is the first study which addresses the adoption of Internet advertising in ad agencies. This study reports that while government does not provide infrastructure required for the advancement of e-commerce (readiness), the ad agencies still will recommend previous ad channels to their clients.
The Impact of Brand Variance on Gender in FMCG Sector
Authors: Grover Priya , Dasgupta Sabyasachi
Published: September 2018

With the rapidly changing times and technology, more and more companies are moving towards brand extensions to acquire a competitive advantage. There are various factors enhancing brand equity while extending the brand into new categories like brand awareness, personality, lifestyle, relationship with the consumers, cultural differences among consumers and demographics. Demographic of a brand is the most important personality characteristic which leads to most easily extractable variables like gender, age and class. Gender plays a significant role in shaping the brand personality of a brand and its subsequent variants. (Levy, 1959). This chapter relies on the relationship between gender based brand personality and brand equity drawn from the study titled “The effect of Brand Gender on Brand Equity”. (Lieven, 2014). This research paper concludes that brand androgyny (masculinity or femininity of the brand) was negatively related to brand associations i.e., brand equity is not influenced by gender associations related to the brand or the product category. So, this chapter explores whether there is a relationship between gender and different variants of the brand. Also, should advertisers design gender focused messages for the different brand variants. The methodology chosen for this research is quantitative in nature. The independent variable in this research is gender and the dependent variable is brand variance. This research paper shows that there is no impact of brand variants on gender. Advertisements need to be designed in a manner that target both males and females psychologically rather that demographically especially gender based.
Functioning of Terrorism
Authors: Janbek Dana
Published: September 2018

This chapter explores the ways in which terrorist groups operate in today's world. The chapter focuses on the operation of terrorism and the different elements that play a role in this operation, including terrorist groups' missions and their significance in recruitment, what they hope to achieve, their cause, their organizational structure and leadership, the recruitment of terrorists online and offline, including the framing of messages to specific audiences, the reasons why people join their movements, the involvement of women in these operations, and the relationships among organizations. This chapter presents a solid overview of these topics while borrowing examples from a range of organizations to illustrate the different elements of terrorist operations. It highlights specific examples of historically significant events from various parts of the world that mark changes in overall terrorist operations. These include the migration from a centralized operation structure to a decentralized structure in organizations such as al-Qaeda, where its sub-organizations are ideologically aligned but loosely connected. To understand terrorism today, the chapter looks at how terrorist groups have operated historically and examines current developments and trends that will influence the future of terrorist operations.
A Cyber-Psychological and Behavioral Approach to Online Radicalization
Authors: Topal Reyhan
Published: September 2018

This chapter attempts to synthesize the mainstream theories of radicalization and the cyber-psychological and behavioral approaches with a view to identifying individuals' radicalization online. Based on the intersections of those two fields, this chapter first elaborates how radical groups use cyberspace with a specific concentration on the so-called cyber caliphate claimed by the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS). Second, it revisits mainstream theories of radicalization and specifies the psychological and behavioral facets of the radicalization processes proposed by those theories. Following that, it integrates theories of radicalization with cyber-psychological and behavioral explanations of online radicalization to reveal how ISIS's use of cyberspace attracts individuals and facilitates online radicalization.
The Islamist Cyberpropaganda Threat and Its Counter-Terrorism Policy Implications
Authors: Jones Nigel , Baines Paul , Craig Russell , Tunnicliffe Ian , O'Shaughnessy Nicholas
Published: September 2018

This chapter examines Islamist cyberpropaganda case studies live in 2014, namely Al Qaeda, Islamic State, Boko Haram and Al Shabaab. The authors define cyberpropganda as the exploitation of the generative characteristics of online interaction for the production and reproduction of propaganda. The cross-case analysis identifies key messages and themes, how cyberpropaganda is generated and spread, and how it is made attractive to those who may act on it. In the discussion that follows implications for the policy-maker are identified and addressed. These include whether to tackle symptoms or causes of the problems and whether to treat the problems as essentially global or local. The final issue is how the counter-propagandist can make themselves heard.
Biometric Technology Solutions to Countering Today's Terrorism
Authors: Fianyi Israel , Zia Tanveer A
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relevance of biometric technologies in increasing the fight against terrorism and other related border security challenges such as identity dominance. Since the 11th September, 2001 catastrophe in USA the need for biometrics technology for identification purpose has become important. Consequently, the many ripostes that were renewed on identity management included enhanced use of biometrics to verify and authenticate travellers at various airports as well as the use of video surveillance equipped with facial recognition sensors. The growth in data and storage devices have also become a critical phenomenon in biometrics deployment, the swiftness and accuracy with which these biometrics details can be processed is a prevailing challenge. This paper provides an extensive review of literatures on prospects of biometric technologies and other interrelated technologies in the fight against terrorism. To date, there is relatively meagre academic research examining how biometric technologies enhance border security as well as individual security.
Visual Communication to Improve Relationship Quality in Spousal Caregivers of Individuals With Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Freeman Nola
Published: September 2018

The study investigated the effectiveness of an art therapy intervention in improving relationship quality of spousal caregivers and their spouses with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Two single case studies were conducted, each composed of a caregiver and spouse with AD. Intervention consisted of three art therapy sessions based on visual communication, or the mutual creation of artwork. Relationship quality was measured throughout the study using clinical notes, pretest and posttest, and caregiver daily reports of positive interactions with their spouse. Couple dynamics were found to influence how positively each art therapy directive was viewed; however, both caregivers noted valuing art therapy interventions for providing recreation and socialization. The intervention resulted in increased positive interactions in both case studies.
Healthcare Computer Reasoning Addressing Chronically Ill Societies Using IoT
Authors: Mendes David , Lopes Manuel José , Romão Artur , Rodrigues Irene Pimenta
Published: September 2018

The authors present a proposal to develop intelligent assisted living environments for home based healthcare. These environments unite the chronical patient clinical history sematic representation with the ability of monitoring the living conditions and events recurring to a fully managed Semantic Web of Things (SWoT). Several levels of acquired knowledge and the case based reasoning that is possible by knowledge representation of the health-disease history and acquisition of the scientific evidence will deliver, through various voice based natural interfaces, the adequate support systems for disease auto management but prominently by activating the less differentiated caregiver for any specific need. With these capabilities at hand, home based healthcare providing becomes a viable possibility reducing the institutionalization needs. The resulting integrated healthcare framework will provide significant savings while improving the generality of health and satisfaction indicators.
Commercial Home Assistance Services
Authors: Milutinovic Milica , Decroix Koen , Naessens Vincent , De Decker Bart
Published: September 2018

In this chapter, the authors describe the software architecture of a commercially run home assistance system that allows patients or elderly people to stay longer at home. Since such systems often have to handle sensitive medical information, the protection of the privacy is a major concern. In addition, legislation often restricts access to health information to qualified persons (i.e. medical personnel), who are not always available in a commercial setting. The home assistance system can offer several services, ranging from scheduling necessary tasks and following up their execution, to monitoring the patient's health status and responding promptly to requests for help or in case of emergency situations, and all this without the need to maintain personal medical data or identifying information about patients and caregivers in the home assistance centre.