bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Techno-Economic Analysis and Market Potential of Geological Thermal Energy Storage (GeoTES) Charged With Solar Thermal and Heat Pumps Into Depleted Oil/Gas Reservoirs and Shallow Reservoirs: A Technology Overview
Authors: Zhu Guangdong , Akindipe Dayo , McTigue Joshua , Witter Erik , Atkinson Trevor , McLing Travis , Kumar Ram , Dobson Pat , Umbro Mike , Lederhos Jim , Adams Derek
Published: August 2023

Depleted oil/gas reservoirs represent a waste of underground resource ad investments of drilling, and also a potential risk to the earth's environment. Geologic thermal energy storage (GeoTES) is proposed as a solution to convert depleted oil/gas reservoirs into long-term seasonal energy storage. GeoTES can be hybridized with other techniques for viable commercial deployment, such as 1) concentration solar power (CSP) collectors and 2) heat pumps with excess renewable energy. Here, a technology overview is given on two GeoTES technologies, which includes system overview, techno-economic models and case study. Both GeoTES are shown a great potential in economics of individual project deployment and applicability across the US.
Hybrid Natural Gas Geothermal Combined Cycle Power Plant Analysis
Authors: Wendt Daniel , Neupane Ghanashyam , Simpson Juliet G. , Zhu Guangdong , McTigue Joshua
Published: August 2023

Low temperature geothermal resources, including those associated with oil and gas production, are an underutilized source of low carbon energy. The present work investigates coupling of low-temperature geothermal resources with concentrating solar and/or natural gas energy sources to increase the number of locations at which power generation from low temperature geothermal resources would be technically and economically viable.

Stand-alone and hybrid geothermal power cycles are simulated using SimTech IPSEpro process modeling software. Design point strategies for a hybrid power cycle that may operate with either a single heat source or two simultaneous heat input sources are considered. Additionally, off-design power plant operation is investigated to consider the impacts of the heat source availability and ambient temperature variations. The off-design analysis utilizes a modeling tool that predicts power plant performance at each time step as a function of topping cycle heat input (from gas or solar), bottoming cycle heat input (from geothermal), and ambient temperature.

Addition of a steam topping cycle to an organic Rankine cycle geothermal power plant provides opportunities to increase the efficiency and power output relative to a stand-alone geothermal power plant. Additionally, use of the waste heat from gas turbine power generation in a geothermal bottoming cycle provides opportunities to increase the amount of power generation associated with each unit of carbon dioxide emitted. This paper will describe the hybrid plant configuration evaluated, discuss the predicted power cycle performance, and compare with stand-alone natural gas and geothermal power generation cases. The power cycle investigated is expected to be applicable for use with conventional hydrothermal resources as well as with geologic thermal energy storage applications and/or enhanced geothermal systems.

The steam topping cycle could use a concentrated solar heat source for fully renewable hybrid plant configuration. A plant initially constructed with a natural gas topping cycle heat source could be converted to a solar heat source part way though the power cycle operational life to achieve life cycle carbon emission reductions.
Facile and cost-effective non-HPLC purification of Gallium-68 labeled peptides after in-house DOTAGA and NOTA conjugation
Authors: Kaur Gurvinder , Pandey Somit , Vatsa Rakhee , Mittal B.R. , Shukla Jaya
Published: August 2023

The positron emission tomography (PET) facilitates the functional imaging of the clinical ailment by in-vivo administration of a molecule tagged with a positron-emitting radioisotope. To facilitate covalent linkage between the molecule and positron-emitting Gallium-68 (Ga-68), the bifunctional chelating agents (BFC) are used. An essential step after conjugation of a peptide is the removal of the leftover unconjugated BFC. Generally, this is accomplished using HPLC, worldwide. However, the non-availability of HPLC in hospital radiopharmacy is a limiting factor hampering the basic small-scale research. Therefore, a facile and easily available purification method for conjugated small peptides is the need of the hour. It may support and expand the small-scale research even within the limited resources. This is an attempt to explore the use of classical hydrophobic interaction-based purification in the field of the development of novel radiopharmaceuticals. Removal of unconjugated chelating agents in both radiolabeled and non-radiolabeled forms can be accomplished using Sep-PAK-based cartridges. The Sep-PAK cartridges are routinely used for Ga-68 based radiopharmaceuticals to get rid of unlabeled Ga-68. Using a similar cartridge, the unconjugated chelating agent can also be removed by adding a single washing step with a low ethanol concentration. The whole process of purification to get rid of Ga-68 and Ga-bifunctional chelating agents can be accomplished in less than 5 min using a C-18 cartridge.
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus shedding period among Bhutanese population during pandemic: a retrospective cohort study from Bhutan
Authors: Dorji Kunzang , Choden Kelzang , Palden Meejur , Wangchuk Sonam , Dorji Tashi , Gyeltshen Sonam
Published: August 2023

Background: Bhutan detected its first COVID-19 case on 5th March 2020 and implemented stringent public health measures. This study aims to describe the viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and its clinical characteristics among the Bhutanese population during the pandemic.
Methods: This retrospective quantitative study included 500 COVID-19 laboratory-confirmed positives from five PCR testing labs from March 2020 to August 2021. The data were extracted from COVID-19 Integrated Influenza Surveillance System. Descriptive statistics and student t-tests were used to analyze the data in STATA version 13.1.
Results: The median detection period from the onset of symptoms to the first RT-PCR positive was 4 days (IQR, 2 – 12). The median period of virus shedding was 14 days (IQR, 8 – 27). The median period of virus shedding was longer in symptomatic cases (23 days) than in the asymptomatic cases (11 days). The median Ct value of the RT-PCR assay for 2020 was 31.95 (23.36 – 35.45), while for 2021 was 21.67 (16.17 – 29.15).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can be detected for a long duration but the sensitivity of RT-PCR test is high during the early stage of infection.
Medication-free treatment in mental health care. How does it differ from traditional treatment?
Authors: Standal Kari , Solbakken Ole A. , Rugkåsa Jorun , Halvorsen Margrethe S. , Abbass Allan , Wirsching Christopher , Brakstad Ingrid Engeseth , Heiervang Kristin S.
Published: August 2023

Background: Norwegian health authorities have implemented treatment units devoted to medication-free mental health treatment in all health regions to improve people’s freedom of choice. This article examines how medication-free treatment differs from treatment as usual across various central dimensions.
Methods: The design was a preplanned, parallel, multi-sample, observational, mixed-methods design including questionnaire data obtained from a medication-free unit and two comparison units (n 59 + 124), as well as interviews with patients (n 5) and staff (n 8) in the medication-free unit. The medication-free unit was compared to data from comparison units on questionnaire data and participants’ other treatment (patents) or work (staff) experiences in interviews.
Results: Medication-free treatment involved less reliance on medications and more extensive psychosocial treatment that involved a culture of openness, expression of feelings, and focus on individual responsibility and intensive work. The overall extent of patient influence for medication-free treatment compared with standard treatment was similar to standard treatment, but varied on different themes. Patients in medication-free treatment had more freedom to reduce or not use medication. Medication-free treatment was experienced as more demanding. For patients, this could be connected to a stronger sense of purpose and was experienced as helpful but could also be experienced as a type of pressure and lack of understanding. Patients in medication-free treatment reported greater satisfaction with the treatment, which may be linked to a richer psychosocial treatment package that focuses on patient participation and freedom from pressure to use medication.
Conclusion: The findings provide insights into how a medication-free treatment service might work and show that it can be a viable alternative for people who are not comfortable with the current medication focus of mental health care. Patients react differently to increased demands and clinicians should be reflexive of the dimensions of individualism–relationalism in medication-free treatment services.
Trial registration: This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT03499080) on 17 April 2018.
Bacterial Fermentation for Protease Production in Fermenters: Impact of Oxygen Transfer Characteristics and Rheological Features on Scale up Process
Authors: Sriniva Sivasubramanian , Paulraj Maheswari , Velladurai Selvakumar , Govindan Karthikeyan , Puvanakrishnan Rengarajulu , Esackimuthu Paramasivam , Dhandapani Prabu , Gopalan Vidya
Published: August 2023

Development of microbial fermentation and scale up processes for the production of value added metabolites including enzymes derives importance in industrial research. Though there are numerous studies on the production of industrial enzymes especially proteases using shake flasks, scale up studies with respect to mass transfer and hydrodynamics of fermentation in bioreactors are limited. The study deals with the production and scale up of an extracellular alkaline protease using Bacillus sp. S2 MTCC 13117 from shake flask level to 300 L fermenter. Glucose, DO, and pH profiles during scale up were studied in detail. Scale up parameters related to oxygen dynamics such as oxygen uptake rate (OUR), oxygen transfer rate (OTR), specific OUR and volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) were evaluated. Results showed that yield coefficients with respect to biomass, product and substrate were reproduced at different levels of protease scale up in the batch mode of fermentation. Protease production was subjected to catabolite repression and it was shown to be derepressed at low specific growth rates. It was observed that the bioprocess of protease production was an aerobic one and was highly influenced by hydrodynamic conditions in the bioreactors. Use of bioreactor systems enabled effective oxygen transfer and the duration for achieving optimal protease production was reached earlier (t = 36 h in 19 L and t = 24 h in 300 L) when compared to shake flask experiments (t = 44 h). Besides, improvement in the productivity of the fermentation was substantiated by several other scale up parameters such as aeration rate, impeller tip speed, gas hold up and superficial gas velocity for effective mixing and rheological properties of the broth during fermentation in 19 and 300 L fermenters.
Unveiling the Components of Professional Satisfaction Among Novice Nurses
Authors: Savitsky Bella , Shvartsur Rachel , Findling Yifat , Ereli Anat , Hendel Tova
Published: August 2023

Background:
In Israel there are 5.0 nurses per 1,000 citizens, which is low compared to 9.3 nurses in the OECD countries. The nursing shortage is even more severe in peripheral areas (especially in southern Israel). Nurses` professional satisfaction is crucial for preserving the nursing workforce. The study aimed to assess job satisfaction among novice nurses and identify components of professional satisfaction.
Methods:
Cross-sectional study of 216 novice nurses, who graduated in 2018-2022 and were approached ten months after graduation. Job satisfaction components were constructed using factor analysis.
Results:
Professional satisfaction was based mainly on the intrinsic characteristics of the occupation related to personal accomplishment and organizational culture. In a multivariable model, an increase in the point of mean satisfaction with the training period during studies in the nursing department was associated with a more than a three-fold elevation in the odds for high and very high professional satisfaction (OR=3.0, 95% CI: 1.7-5.1). Odds for high and very high professional satisfaction were more than four-fold and two-fold higher among graduates who rated their level of control over work schedule as high and medium (vs. low) (OR=4.2, 95% CI: 1.0-16.7 and OR=2.8, 95% CI: 1.2-6.3, respectively). Work-life balance without disturbance to daily life by work was found significantly associated with higher odds for high and very high satisfaction.
Nurses who plan to continue professional development (advanced professional course or MA degree) had significantly higher mean professional satisfaction scales than others (4.2 vs. 3.7, p=.009 and 4.2 vs. 3.9, p<.001, respectively).
Conclusion:
The most important components of professional satisfaction among novice nurses are self-accomplishment, which was built from work-related challenges, interest and variety of tasks, personal growth and development, and the possibility of contributing to patients` care and organizational culture, which was built from relationships with co-workers. Nurses` managers should cultivate an atmosphere of support and guidance in the collective, provide new nurses with interesting work tasks, and increase their ability to control their work schedule. Young nurses should be encouraged to continue their professional and academic education.
A Dual Loci Quality Assurance and Control Framework for Real-Time Evaluation of Signal Accuracy in Wastewater Surveillance of Pathogens with High Rates of Mutation
Authors: Thakali Ocean , Mercier Élisabeth , Eid Walaa , Brasset-Gorny Julia , Overton Alyssa K. , Knapp Jennifer J. , Manuel Douglas , Charles Trevor , Goodridge Lawrence , Arts Eric J. , Poon Art F.Y. , Brown R. Stephen , Graber Tyson E. , Delatolla Robert , DeGroot Christopher T.
Published: August 2023

Wastewater surveillance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) commonly applies reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to quantify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA concentrations in wastewater over time. In most applications worldwide, maximal sensitivity and specificity of RT-qPCR has been achieved, in part, by monitoring two or more genomic loci of SARS-CoV-2. In Ontario, Canada, the provincial Wastewater Surveillance Initiative reports the average copies of the CDC N1 and N2 loci normalized to the fecal biomarker pepper mild mottle virus. In November 2021, the emergence of the Omicron variant of concern, harboring a C28311T mutation within the CDC N1 probe region, challenged the accuracy of the consensus between the RT-qPCR measurements of the N1 and N2 loci of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we developed and applied a novel real-time dual loci quality assurance and control framework based on the relative difference between the loci measurements to the City of Ottawa dataset to identify a loss of sensitivity of the N1 assay in the period from July 10, 2022 to January 31, 2023. Further analysis via sequencing and allele-specific RT-qPCR revealed a high proportion of mutations C28312T and A28330G during the study period, both in the City of Ottawa and across the province. It is hypothesized that nucleotide mutations in the probe region, especially A28330G, led to inefficient annealing, resulting in reduction in sensitivity and accuracy of the N1 assay. This study highlights the importance of implementing quality assurance and control criteria to continually evaluate, in near real-time, the accuracy of the signal produced in wastewater surveillance applications that rely on detection of pathogens whose genomes undergo high rates of mutation.
Immune related gene signature derived from integrate machine learning algorithm predicts outcomes of HNSC patients
Authors: Xiao Lei , Liu Yong , Shen Zhe , Qiu Yuanzheng , Huang Donghai , Liu Chao , Zhang Xin
Published: August 2023

Background: Due to the highly heterogeneous of tumor, head and neck squamous cancer (HNSC) patients are in variable immunotherapeutic response and have different clinical outcomes. We since develop the immune related gene signature (IRGS) using a machine learning based integrative procedure for distinguishing the immune microenvironment subtype of diverse HNSC patients and then help improve the outcomes of HNSC.
Methods: This study integrate 10 machine learning algorithms to 111 combination for screening out the best immune related gene signature (IRGS) based on 4 multicenter cohorts. Survival analysis, multivariate Cox regression analysis, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were employed to assess the performance of IRGS. Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomesenrichment (KEGG) analyses were conducted to evaluate the potential biological functions and mechanisms of IRGS.
Results: Through the integrated machine learning algorithms, we constructed a 17-IRG signature, which demonstrated to be an excellent prognostic model in all cohorts and displayed better efficiency when compared with other 68 published prognostic signatures. IRGS exhibits a strong negative correlation with immune characteristics. The IRGS low group demonstrates increased immune infiltration and heightened sensitivity to immunotherapy, whereas the IRGS high group exhibits a higher frequency of deletion mutations in tumor suppressor genes. Besides, considering IRGS high patients insensitive to immunotherapy and their poor prognosis, we scheduled an agents screening strategy and selected dasatinib as the most potential target drug for IRGS high patients.
Conclusions: IRGS was demonstrated excellent prognostic efficiency and offer a more precise selection for assessing pre-immune efficacy, which will help improve clinical outcomes for individual HNSC patients.
The grey mould Botrytis cinerea employs multiple mechanisms to protect itself from antifungal plant metabolites
Authors: Kan Jan van , You Yaohua , Suraj HM , Valderrama Andrea Lorena Herrera , Ruigrok Paul , Shi-Kunne Xiaoqian , Pieterse Frank , Beenen Henriek , Chavarro-Carrero Edgar , Qin Si , Verstappen Francel , Kappers Iris , Matz Linda , Fleissner Andre
Published: August 2023

Saponins are plant secondary metabolites comprising glycosylated triterpenoids, steroids or steroidal alkaloids with a broad spectrum of toxicity to microbial pathogens and pest organisms that contribute to basal plant defence to biotic attack. Secretion of glycosyl hydrolases that enzymatically convert saponins into less toxic products was thus far the only mechanism reported to enable fungal pathogens to colonize their saponin-containing host plant(s). We studied the mechanisms that the fungus Botrytis cinerea utilizes to be tolerant to well-characterized, structurally related saponins from tomato and Digitalis purpurea. By gene expression studies, comparative genomics, enzyme assays and testing a large panel of fungal (knockout and complemented) mutants, we unraveled four distinct cellular mechanisms that participate in mitigation of the toxic activity of these saponins. The enzymatic deglycosylation is novel and unique to this fungus-saponin combination, while the genes involved in other tolerance mechanisms have orthologs that are widely distributed in the fungal kingdom. We present a spatial and temporal model on how these mechanisms jointly confer tolerance to α- tomatine and we discuss the repercussions for other fungi and different saponins.
Clinical Efficacy and Pathological Outcomes of Transanal Endoscopic Intersphincteric Resection for Low Rectal Cancer
Authors: Xu Zhiwen , Zhu Jingtao , Bai Haoyu , Hong Qingqi , You Jun
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Transanal endoscopic intersphincteric resection (ISR) surgery currently lacks sufficient clinical research and reporting. In this study, we present the surgical outcomes, perioperative complications, and pathological findings based on the transanal endoscopic ISR surgeries performed in our center, aiming to contribute to the clinical application and development of this technique.
Methods
This study utilized a retrospective case series study design. Clinical and pathological data of patients with low rectal cancer who underwent transanal endoscopic ISR at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from May 2018 to May 2023 were collected. All patients underwent transanal endoscopic ISR as the surgical approach. We conducted a study to report on the perioperative recovery status, postoperative complications, and pathological specimen characteristics of this group of patients.
Results
This study included a total of 45 eligible cases, with no perioperative deaths. The overall incidence of early complications was 22.22%, with a rate of 4.44% for Clavien-Dindo ≥ III. Two patients (4.4%) developed anastomotic leakage after surgery, including one case of grade A and one case of grade B. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed negative circumferential resection margin (CRM) and distal resection margin (DRM) in all patients. The distance between the tumor lower margin and DRM was found to be 2.30 ± 0.62 cm. Transanal endoscopic ISR surgery consistently yields excellent quality pathological specimens.
Conclusions
Transanal endoscopic ISR is safe and feasible, providing a clear anatomical view. It is associated with a low incidence of postoperative complications and achieves favorable pathological outcomes, making it worthy of further research and application.
Identification of subtype recognition and prognosis model characterized by Antibody-dependent cell phagocytosis related genes in breast cancer
Authors: Wang Li , Li Menghan , Yang Hongyu , Dai Fenghuan , Xie Ning , Li Linhui , Zhu Meiying , Ding Ran
Published: August 2023

Background
Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous tumor with a variety of etiology and clinical features. Antibody-dependent cell phagocytosis (ADCP) is the last step of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), and macrophages destroy tumor cells after previous recognition activation. Despite the large number, negative regulators that inhibit phagocytic activity are still a key obstacle to the full efficacy of ICI.
Patients and methods:
An ADCP -related risk score prognostic model for risk stratification as well as prognosis prediction was established in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. The predictive value of ADCP risk score in prognosis and immunotherapy was also further validated in the TCGA along with International Cancer Genome Consortium cohorts. To promote the clinical application of the risk score, a nomogram was established, with its effectiveness verified by different methods.
Results
In this study, the genes collected from previous studies were defined as ADCP-related genes. In BC patients, two ADCP-related subtypes were identified. The immune characteristics and prognostic stratification were significant different between them.
Conclusion
Based on these findings, it can be inferred that there is a significant relationship between ADCP and TME (tumor microenvironment) in BC. Risk score could be used as a good indicator for prognosis, potential in providing therapeutic advantages for chemotherapy as well as immunotherapy, thereby aiding in the clinical decision-making process for BC patients.
Study of growth-improving and sporophore-inducing endobacteria isolated from Pleurotus pulmonarius
Authors: Paul Chandana , Roy Tina , Singh Kunal , Maitra Madhumita , Das Nirmalendu
Published: August 2023

Several Pleurotusspecies (oyster mushrooms) are commercially cultivated in India owing to the favorable tropical agro-climatic conditions. However, there are only a few studies on the microbiome of mushrooms, especially oyster mushrooms. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of endophytic bacteria on mycelial growth, spawning, sporophore development, and proximate composition of P. pulmonarius. We isolated several bacterial strains from the sporophores of P. pulmonarius and assessed the in vitro production of indole acetic acid, ammonia, and siderophores. The selected bacteria were individually supplemented with spawn, substrate, or both for sporophore production. Three of 130 isolates were selected as mycelial growth-promoting bacteria in both solid and submerged fermentation. These bacterial isolates were identified through Gram staining, biochemical characterization, and 16S rRNA sequencing. Isolate PP showed 99.24% similarity with Priestia paraflexa, whereas isolates PJ1 and PJ2 showed 99.78% and 99.65% similarities, respectively, with Rossellomorea marisflavi. The bacterial supplementation with spawn, substrate, or both, increased the biological efficiency (BE) and nutrient content of the mushrooms. The bacterial supplementation with substrate augmented BE by 64.84%, 13.73%, and 27.13% using PJ2, PP, and PJ1, respectively; under similar conditions of spawn supplementation, BE wasincreased by 15.24%, 47.03%, 48.10%, respectively. Overall, the supplementation of endophytic bacteria to improve oyster mushroom cultivation may open a new avenue for sustainable agricultural practices in the mushroom industry.
Securing the Perceptual Layer of E-Payment-Based Internet of Things Devices Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography
Authors: Okediran T. M , Vincent O. R , Abayomi-Alli A. A , Adeniran O. J
Published: August 2023

The security of IoT layers has become paramount considering the various attacks facing IoT devices, especially the perceptual layer. Reported attacks in recent times include direct Denial of Service (DDoS), botnet attacks, and falsification attacks. Some security schemes, such as the symmetric polynomial concept, privacy-preserving communication protocols for IoT applications, blockchain-based secure IoT systems, and mutual authentication systems for wearable technology, cannot be directly implemented on the perceptual layer of the IoT device. This study presents a binary field elliptic curve cryptography algorithm for the security of the perceptual layer of IoT, such as mobile phones, contactless cards, and POS devices in electronic payment transactions. The IoT devices have four layers: the application, support, network, and perceptual or sensor layer. The sensors of the devices were locked against any communication between the nodes. Each device is recognised and locked against all forms of communication. Device authentication for key agreement and unlocking, communication phase for exchange of information. The evaluation of this study is based on storage capacity, computational time, and jitter. It was implemented on a contactless ATM card, POS device, and a mobile phone as an IoT device for electronic payment. The evaluation result for storage capacity showed that the mobile phone and the ATM card could run the ECC security protocol directly. The Jitter result reveals that the Jitter value did not deviate from normal for both devices. At the same time, the computational time showed that it is computationally efficient to use ECC over the binary field for the security of the perceptual layer. This scheme is efficient for the security of IoT.
Bayesian Inference on the Inverse Weibull Model Parameters Based on Kernel Prior
Authors: Maswadah M.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the theory of statistical kernel density estimation has been used for deriving the kernel prior, which frees the Bayesian inference from subjectivity to a personal choice that has worried some statisticians. For measuring the performance of the informative kernel prior compared to the informative gamma prior, the mean squared error and mean percentage error have been obtained, via Monte Carlo simulations, for the inverse Weibull model parameters. The simulation results indicated that the informative kernel prior competes with and outperforms the informative gamma prior for different sample sizes. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed priors developed in this paper.
The wave mechanics for microwave absorption film-Part 1: A short review
Authors: Liu Yue , Liu Ying , Drew Michael
Published: August 2023

It has been proved from transmission line theory that the mechanism of microwave absorption in film is different from that in material. It is a simple result but has not yet been generally accepted by the research community. It is commonly argued that microwaves are trapped by the back-and-forth reflections in the film and then absorbed by material along the zigzag path and thus researchers believe the film need not be considered as a separate entity with its own unique properties. It is believed that the current theory for microwave absorption is supported by much experimental data. However, via such data, Part 1 demonstrates that the data can be interpreted differently and more accurately by invoking the crucial role of the film which will be further evaluated from a new perspective in Part 2 for the difference between film and material, and in Part 3 for multilayer film design.
YOLOv5DA: an improved YOLOv5 model for pig posture detection in a herd environment
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Liu Xiaolei , Fu Yuhua , Li Xuan , Wang Xiaopin , Shi Wenhui
Published: August 2023

Animal behavior is an important indicator for diagnosing diseases, and accurate posture detection is the foundation for analyzing animal behavior and emotional states, which can promote animal welfare. However, current methods for pig posture detection often suffer from problems of missed or false detection due to the aggregation, occlusion, and adhesion of pigs in a herd environment. This study proposed a new object detection model (YOLOv5DA) for pig posture detection based on YOLOv5s, which incorporates Mosaic9 data augmentation, deformable convolution, and adaptively spatial feature fusion, to effectively deal with missed or false detection in the case of mutual occlusion and bonding of pig bodies. The images of pigs were first collected and annotated, and a dataset was established. Then, by using the established dataset, an object detection model YOLOv5DA based on YOLOv5s was trained. Finally, the test results showed that YOLOv5DA could accurately identify the three postures of standing, prone lying, and side lying with an average precision (AP) of 99.4%, 99.1%, and 99.1%, respectively, and the performance is superior to that of mainstream object detection algorithms including Faster-RCNN, YOLOv4, YOLOv5, FCOS, and CenterNet. Compared with YOLOv5s, YOLOv5DA could effectively handle occlusion while increasing the mean precision (mAP) by 1.7% in complex scenarios, which reached about 86.8%. Overall, YOLOv5DA provides a highly accurate, effective, low-cost, and stress-free strategy for pig posture detection in the herd environment, which can elevate the application of intelligent technique in the pig industry.
PROBLEMS OF RECEPTION AND CONCEPTUALIZATION OF FUNDAMENTAL METHODOLOGIES ANALYTICALPHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
Authors: Lebid Andrii , Murashko Kateryna
Published: August 2023

The article examines the methodologies (paradigms) of realism and anti-realism, which are fundamental to analytic philosophy, and their representation in philosophical issues of semantics, reference, language-games, and communication. The study identifies the mythologemes of analytic philosophy and possible variations of its conceptualization based on style, methodology, subject matter, and topology. The author proceeds from the idea that analytical philosophy is the leading style of philosophizing in the Anglo-American cultural and philosophical topos, although it is ubiquitous in other regions as well. The achievements of analytical philosophy in the context of the development of world philosophical thought are quite significant, primarily because of the expansion of the range of philosophical problems and the proliferation of methods for solving them, in particular, in the plane of the discussion of analytical realist and anti-realist philosophers. The emergence of analytical philosophy on the philosophical horizon undoubtedly testified to the analytical nature of the twentieth century as the «century of analysis», the fundamental method of philosophizing which is the methodology of analysis, as interpretation for the sake of clarifying thought, revealing the logical structure of thought, eliminating semantic contradictions, detailed definitions, etc. The author emphasizes particularism, linguocentrism, logical and mathematical instrumentalism, orientation to the ideals of science and rationality, and other «norms» of analytic philosophy that testify to its primarily scientistic character.
WAYS OF GENERATING NEOLOGISMS IN MODERN ENGLISH
Authors: Medvid Olena , Malovana Nina , Vashyst Kateryna
Published: August 2023

The article considers the problem of language development, in particular its lexical layer. The rapid development of all areas of modern human life is reflected in the language, the evolution of lexis is not just a change in the vocabulary. The authors study the modern paradigms of neology in terms of a functional approach to language, analyze the factors of the appearance of new words and correlate them with the pragmatic needs of society as a whole and of different social groups in particular.The article presents the pricipal nominative types and models of English-language neologisms over the past decades. Some factors contributing to the replenishment of the English lexical layer regarding the sociolinguistic aspect are given. Social spheres significantly influence the appearance of new words because they shape a person's attitude to the realities of the linguistic picture of the world.The relevance of this research is determined by the insufficient study of the processes of lexical formation, in particular neological units, which are intensively occurring at the current stage of society globalization and require an analysis of the ways of formation and definition of critical concepts that cause the need for the functioning of innovative non-standard, both structurally and semantically, lexical units in the modern English language, in particular their systematization and classification. The scientific novelty of the study consists in developing the theory of neology through the classification of borrowings as a particular group of neologisms, systemizing means of their penetration, and adaptation in the modern English language.The goal of the research is to studythe sociolinguistic role of neologisms in the modern English language, to determine their functional and semantic features and ways of speech adaptation, of neologisms-borrowings in particular.The research methodology is based on the functional-semantic approach and is complex in nature using structural-semantic and sociolinguistic analyses, allowing to identify the most successful and popular universal methods and techniques for creatingneologisms; the study also relies on the principles of systematization and classification, which helps to organize empirical material and contributes to a more thorough study of the process of neologization of English-language discourse as the basis of interlanguage communication in the world today.
PECULIARITIES OF REPRODUCING EXPRESSIVE MEANS IN POLITICAL SPEECHES TRASLATION
Authors: Baranova Svitlana , Nazarenko Olena , Makarenko Vlada
Published: August 2023

The translation of political speeches is crucial in today's globalized world, where leaders communicate with audiences of different languages and cultures. Reproducing expressive devices is particularly important as it significantly affects the understanding and interpretation of the message. This study aims to identify the peculiarities of reproducing expressive means in political speeches translation, including metaphors, allegories, antitheses, and other rhetorical devices used by prominent politicians.The primary goal is to ensure that the translated speech accurately conveys the intended message and style of the speaker while adapting them to the cultural and linguistic context of the target audience. Materials and methods of research involved analyzing speeches of famous politicians in the source language, working with native speakers of the target language to ensure accuracy and cultural sensitivity and reviewing the translated speech for clarity, coherence, and persuasiveness.The study's results indicate that the translation of expressive means requires careful consideration of cultural, linguistic, and rhetorical contexts, and appropriate target language equivalents to maintain the integrity of the original message and style. The understanding of these nuances can enhance cross-cultural communication and foster global cooperation. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of reproducing expressive means in political speeches translation to ensure clear, coherent, and persuasive communication across languages and cultures.
Indicators of quality education: empirical evidence from students, teachers and parents in Osun State
Authors: Opesemowo Oluwaseyi Aina Gbolade , Iwintolu Rukayat Oyebola , Afolabi Eyitayo Rufus Ifedayo
Published: August 2023

The study gathered empirical evidence of stakeholders' indicators of quality education in Osun State, Nigeria. The study deployed a mixed-method research design. The study examined indicators of quality education, identified by students, teachers, and parents in the state. The population comprised secondary school students, teachers, and parents in the selected state. The sample consisted of 400 students, 186 teachers, and 13 parents. Four Local Government Areas (LGAs) were randomly selected from the 30 LGAs in Osun State; five schools were selected from each LGAs using a convenience sampling technique, totaling 20 schools. Twenty students were selected by purposive sampling to include JSS 1 and 2 and SSS 1 and 2 classes from each of the schools selected. Ten teachers were sampled from each school, while 13 parents of students from the selected schools were reached through voluntary participation as indicated by students. Three instruments were developed for the study; two of which were quantitative (targeting students and teachers), and the third was qualitative (addressing parents). The first instrument was titled "Students' Indicators of Quality Education Checklist"; the second was "Teachers' Indicators of Quality Education Checklist," while the third instrument was named "Parents' Interview Guide on Indicators of Quality Education" The items on the checklists and interview guide were extracted from the literature. The construct validity of the checklists was established by subjecting the items generated to experts' scrutiny. The Content Validity Ratio (CVR) of the instrument was 0.84. The reliability analysis yielded a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.78. The results showed high correlations (r = 0.7, p > 0.05) between standard and students’ ratings. The study concluded that stakeholders' indicators of quality education were valid.
Enhancing plurilinguistic abilities through group work in an english first additional language context: teachers’ perspectives
Authors: Zano Kufakunesu , Mbirimi-Hungwe Vimbai
Published: August 2023

Language is an ever-developing and ever-changing phenomenon, thus ways to teach a language also develop and undergo changes in the progress of time. To keep up with these developments, translanguaging was used in this study. Translanguaging is the most recent all-encompassing method in language planning and evaluation that is needed to replace past linguistic practices that viewed languages as separate entities in a globalised world. The study aims to determine why English first additional language teachers use group work in the Further Education and Training phase. For this qualitative study, only 8 English First Additional Language teachers teaching in the Further Education and Training phase were selected as participants in individual interviews. These participants were stationed at 4 high schools in South Africa. The results indicate that as the learners translanguage as they work in groups, they appreciate each other’s linguistic background. Communicative language teaching is one of the most effective methods of teaching and learning a second language because it provides opportunities for learners to practice and improve their communicative competence in pedagogic and real-life situations. Learners are largely content with linguistic concepts in a multilingual setting that dwells on the known to the unknown. Working in groups may make the learners improve their understanding of content and also language proficiency as the subject under discussion will be tackled using different languages apart from English First Additional Language. Besides, language and culture are interconnected; therefore, keeping up with one’s home language(s) allows for greater participation in the home culture and builds stronger ties between different languages.
A call for more entrepreneurship education in non-business programs at South African TVET colleges
Authors: Nchu Rylyne Mande , Tengeh Robertson Khan , Cronje Johannes
Published: August 2023

There has been an increase in the number of unemployed Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) graduates even though these institutions are meant to train students for a particular job, several employment opportunities or self-employment. While proactive higher learning institutions acted on the need to equip graduates with entrepreneurial skills, others have not. More concerning is that even those who do not include entrepreneurial education in their curricula expect their graduates to be self-employed if they cannot find employment upon graduation. This article ascertained the extent, to which TVET colleges equipped their graduates for self-employment by including entrepreneurial skills in their programmes. Grounded on the contingency organizational theory, this article ascertained the necessity to incorporate entrepreneurship education in non-business programmes at TVET colleges. Data was collected from the TVET colleges, websites, brochures and documents of all the public TVET colleges in South Africa. The findings indicated that only 42 % of the programmes offered entrepreneurship education in their curricula. Moreover and interestingly, the province with the highest prevalence of entrepreneurship education (49 %) in their programmes is Limpopo and not the Western Cape, the financial capital. Consequently, there is a vital need to implement entrepreneurship education in all non-business programmes, for it may increase business start-ups, innovation and improve on the employability rate of the graduates
Automatic, high-order, and adaptive algorithms for Brillouin zone integration
Authors: Kaye Jason , Beck Sophie , Barnett Alex , Van Muñoz Lorenzo , Parcollet Olivier
Published: August 2023

We present efficient methods for Brillouin zone integration with a non-zero but possibly very small broadening factor \etaη, focusing on cases in which downfolded Hamiltonians can be evaluated efficiently using Wannier interpolation. We describe robust, high-order accurate algorithms automating convergence to a user-specified error tolerance \varepsilonε, emphasizing an efficient computational scaling with respect to \etaη. After analyzing the standard equispaced integration method, applicable in the case of large broadening, we describe a simple iterated adaptive integration algorithm effective in the small \etaη regime. Its computational cost scales as \mathcal{O}(\log^3(\eta^{-1}))𝒪(log3(η−1)) as \eta \to 0^+η→0+ in three dimensions, as opposed to \mathcal{O}(\eta^{-3})𝒪(η−3) for equispaced integration. We argue that, by contrast, tree-based adaptive integration methods scale only as \mathcal{O}(\log(\eta^{-1})/\eta^{2})𝒪(log(η−1)/η2) for typical Brillouin zone integrals. In addition to its favorable scaling, the iterated adaptive algorithm is straightforward to implement, particularly for integration on the irreducible Brillouin zone, for which it avoids the tetrahedral meshes required for tree-based schemes. We illustrate the algorithms by calculating the spectral function of SrVO_33 with broadening on the meV scale.
ABRUSPRECATORIUS L. VAR. ALBO - SPERMUM HASSAN, RAHMANETAFROZ, VAR. NOV.(FABACEAE): A NEW VARIETY RECORDED FROM BANASKANTHA, GUJARAT
Authors:   Research Scholar, Smt. S. M. Panchal Science College, Talod., Makwana Mehul , Parmar Indravijaysinh ,   Research Scholar, Smt. S. M. Panchal Science College, Talod., Patel Sanjay ,   Assi. Professor, Shree B. K. K. P. S. M. Science College, Palanpur., Patel Vasant ,   Asso.Professor, Smt. S. M. Panchal Science College, Talod.
Published: August 2023

A new variety AbrusprecatoriusL.var.albo-spermumHassan,RahmanetAfroz,var.nov.isfirst time recorded fromBanaskantha district based on literature review of North Gujarat. In North Gujarat this species has not been recorded in flora of Banaskantha.AbrusprecatoriusL. var. albo-spermumHassan, RahmanetAfroz, var. nov.is closest to AbrusprectoriusL.,but differs by its white coloured oval shaped seed,short gynoecium which half the length of longer filaments and with a short style.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CORTICOSTEROID USE AND PROGNOSIS AND MORTALITY IN CHILDREN WITH SEPTIC SHOCK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors:   Pediatric Registrar, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., E. Alenzi Ahmad , S.A Abuneim Khaled ,   PICUConsultant, Security Forces Hospital Program,Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., A. Alaji Naif ,   Pediatric Resident, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Hammed Alanazi Faisal ,   Pediatric Resident, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh.
Published: August 2023

Background/ objectives: The leading factor in pediatric death is septic shock. The use of corticosteroids, however, is still debatable. The management of septic shock has included the adjunct use of several corticosteroids and treatment plans. At the cellular and tissular levels, the various medications and their modes of administration differ qualitatively and quantitatively. This comprehensive analysis looked at the likelihood of mortality and prognosis for children with septic shock who were supplemented with corticosteroids. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholarwere systematically searched to include the relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was used throughout this systematic approach. Results/ Interpretation: The use of corticosteroids in pediatric septic shock patients is debatable. However, this study supports that corticosteroids are not recommended for children with septic shock. In order to increase generalizability and determine the ideal timing to begin treatment, the ideal dose of hydrocortisone (or an equivalent), and the duration and mode of withdrawal from treatment, additional studies are required to examine the role of prolonged low-dose corticosteroid treatment for septic shock in developing nations.
3D STRUCTURE PREDICTION AND VISUALIZATION OF PROTEIN OF THE NOVEL STRAIN OF RHODOPSEUDOMONAS FAECALIS
Authors:   Research Scholar, JNTUA, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sherieff Aysha , Mohibbe Azam M. ,   Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR-IIRR), Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India., Sesha Maheswaramma K. ,   Department of Chemistry, JNTUACEP, Pulivendula, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Published: August 2023

The secondary protein structure of Rhodopseudomonas faecalis was obtained from the partial protein sequence, protein analysis and domain prediction were characterized further using PSIPRED tool. Motifs were analyzed using Motif Scan-Prosite pattern tool. The 3D Structure prediction and visualization was performed using Phyre2 program, Galaxy Web and CASTp platforms. The visualization of the predicted and concrete structure of the protein was done using RASMOL. The results shows that the protein structure has sites for amidation, phosphorylation and myristylation along with 30% alpha helix and 19% beta strands, 310 helix , Pi helix, turns and bends with repeated 11 different aminoacids occurrence.