bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenol content, potential antioxidant and anti-urolithic effects of fruit and leaf extracts from Algerian Capparis spinosa L.
Authors: Helali Amal , Benchachou Khadidja , Kemer Chaima , Kechkeche Souad , Bellifa Nazim
Published: May 2024

Background: Ethnobotanical studies have historically documented the traditional medicinal use of Caper (Capparis spinosa L.) in treating kidney stones and other chronic renal ailments. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and potential inhibitory effects of Capparis spinosa L. fruit and leaf extracts on calcium oxalate nucleation and aggregation. Material and Methods: Plant material was collected from the Tessala Mountains in Algeria. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Cioclateu method, while in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed via the DPPH assay. In vitro anti-urolithic testing involved the use of turbidimetry in kinetic experiments to evaluate calcium oxalate nucleation and aggregation. Results: The IC50 values for antioxidant activity against DPPH were 8.67 mg/mL for fruit extracts and 0.57 mg/mL for leaf extracts. Furthermore, the investigated extracts exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibition of calcium oxalate crystal nucleation and aggregation. At the highest concentrations of leaf and fruit extracts, the corresponding inhibition rates were 74.47% and 66.06% for the nucleation test and 67.75% and 54.19% for the aggregation assay, respectively. Conclusions: These findings substantiate the traditional usage of Capparis spinosa L. in managing urinary lithiasis, suggesting its potential application as either a preventive measure or a therapeutic intervention for urinary stone formation.
Keywords: Antioxidant, Calcium oxalate, Capparis spinosa L., Urolithiasis, Polyphenols.
Tinjauan Yuridis Tentang Implementasi Prinsip Pancasila Sebagai Landasan Politik Di Indonesia
Authors: Ria Ermina Purba  , Risa Amalia  , Danugrah Akbar
Published: May 2024

Pancasila has been the main political foundation in Indonesia since its independence in 1945. The implementation of Pancasila principles in state politics has been the subject of important juridical debate. This article investigates the juridical review of the implementation of the Pancasila principles as a political foundation in Indonesia. Through analysis of the constitution, court decisions, and academic discussions, this research explores how the principles of Pancasila are understood, interpreted, and applied in the Indonesian political context. The results of this research provide an in-depth understanding of the role and relevance of Pancasila in the formation of public policy and the protection of human rights in Indonesia. Pancasila, as the foundation of the Indonesian state, has a very important role in determining the direction of state political policy. The implementation of Pancasila principles as a political foundation has become a significant debate in the juridical context in Indonesia. This research aims to conduct an in-depth review of the implementation of Pancasila principles in Indonesian political policy juridically.
Biodiversité et santé humaine : de la nécessité de combiner écologie et santé publique
Authors: GUÉGAN Jean-François , ROCHE Benjamin , MORAND Serge
Published: May 2024

Ce chapitre discute des relations biodiversité-santé qui sont soit ignorées, soit mal comprises, par la médecine et la biologie modernes travaillant sur les maladies infectieuses. Il discute d'abord du rôle central, mais insoupçonné, des parasites et des micro-organismes dans le fonctionnement, la stabilité et la résilience des écosystèmes. Il présente des exemples choisis aux interfaces entre écosystèmes, biodiversité et maladies infectieuses humaines.
Sécurité des équipements pour maison connectée : authentification, authentification mutuelle et gestion de clés
Authors: RAJU Robinson , MOH Melody
Published: May 2024

Ce chapitre présente une synthèse des mécanismes d'authentification utilisés dans les systèmes de maison connectée, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur l'authentification mutuelle comme solution visant à renforcer la sécurité des appareils domestiques connectés. Il offre un aperçu des problèmes de sécurité auxquels ces équipements sont confrontés, ainsi que des différentes approches pour y remédier. Il aborde également les concepts fondamentaux du TLS 1.2 et du TLS 1.3 en matière d'authentification mutuelle, ainsi que les bonnes pratiques de gestion des clés. En outre, ce chapitre explore les travaux de recherche menés dans le domaine de l'authentification pour les objets connectés.
Authentification avancée par PUF en télémédecine
Authors: GEBALI Fayez , MAMUN Mohammad
Published: May 2024

Ce chapitre traite de l'authentification en utilisant des fonctions physiquement non clonables (PUF) basées sur le silicium intégré dans les dispositifs IoT. Dans ce chapitre, une nouvelle modélisation et une analyse statistique des PUF sur SRAM sont présentées. Les principaux paramètres physiques, du dispositif et du système qui affectent la réponse de la PUF sont identifiés, et des techniques pour les estimer sont présentées à la fois pour le fabricant de dispositifs IoT et pour l'utilisateur de dispositifs IoT sur le terrain. Ce chapitre propose également une cellule PUF sur SRAM basée sur NOR, ce qui permet une réinitialisation rapide du dispositif. Enfin, une analyse du renforcement de la PUF sur SRAM contre les attaques typiques de l'IdO est présentée.
L’IdO pour une nouvelle ère de réseaux unifiés, de confiance zéro et de protection accrue de la vie privée
Authors: ZXIVANOVICH Sava , TODOROVIC Branislav , LORRÉ Jean-Pierre , TRIFUNOVIC Darko , KOTELBA Adrian , SADRE Ramin , LEGAY Axel
Published: May 2024

Ce chapitre aborde les défis liés à la protection de la vie privée et propose une solution aux problèmes de sécurité et de confidentialité de l'Internet des objets. Les auteurs exposent l'architecture d'une confiance zéro qui vise à améliorer la sécurité globale du réseau ainsi que le cryptage. Ils définissent également l'utilisation de communications unifiées sécurisées, de services et d'applications Web, et examinent des méthodes et des outils efficaces pouvant faciliter la création de réseaux à la fois conviviaux et sécurisés, non seulement pour les membres du réseau, mais aussi pour les fournisseurs tiers de confiance et les autres utilisateurs distants. Une étude de cas sera présentée, portant sur des systèmes conversationnels interactifs intelligents sécurisés et respectueux de la vie privée.
Vers un cadre méthodologique afin d’examiner l’histoire cachée des couvertures boisées
Authors: MARAGE Damien , FRUCHART Catherine , JOUFFROY-BAPICOT Isabelle , GIRARDCLOS Olivier , BALLAND Vincent
Published: May 2024

L’écologie historique requiert une approche multi-disciplinaire, pour laquelle quelques considérations méthodologiques sont ici abordées, notamment pour percer les secrets de l’histoire holocène des forêts. L’apport de la technologie lidar est plus particulièrement détaillé. Un nombre croissant d’outils, de jeux de données et de datations permet désormais de faire coïncider les échelles spatiales et temporelles des différentes disciplines.
Outils omiques pour évaluer l’impact environnemental des agents de biocontrôle
Authors: GHOSSON Hikmat , SALVIA Marie-Virginie , BERTRAND Cédric
Published: May 2024

L’usage des solutions de biocontrôle est motivé par l'idée que ces produits sont moins nocifs pour la santé humaine et l'environnement. L'absence de protocoles d'évaluation des risques adaptés à ces produits constitue un obstacle à l'évaluation de leur devenir et de leur impact. Les nouvelles approches basées sur les sciences omiques constituent des outils prometteurs pour répondre à cette exigence.
Mode d’action des métabolites végétaux dans la lutte contre les nématodes à galles
Authors: NTALLI Nikoletta , CABONI Pierluigi
Published: May 2024

Meloidogyne spp. constituent des ravageurs agricoles majeurs pour lesquels les nématicides d'origine naturelle sont étudiés comme alternatives efficaces et écologiques à leurs ancêtres synthétiques. Nous résumons ici la littérature publiée au cours de la dernière décennie sur les changements fonctionnels et anatomiques induits aux différents stades de croissance des nématodes à galles exposés aux métabolites secondaires des plantes, ainsi que sur toutes les interactions biochimiques intrinsèques soutenant cet effet.
Définition de la pollution atmosphérique
Authors: MENUT Laurent
Published: May 2024

Ce chapitre présente ce que l’on définit comme une pollution atmosphérique, puis les principaux polluants, gaz et aérosols, ainsi que le milieu où l’on va chercher à les modéliser : la couche limite et la troposphère. Le but est de présenter les grandes lignes des processus physico-chimiques afin de mieux comprendre par la suite ce qui est modélisable ou non.
Assimilation de données, modélisation inverse et prévision
Authors: MENUT Laurent
Published: May 2024

Ce chapitre décrit les techniques numériques d’assimilation de données et de modélisation inverse. Ces techniques sont employées pour améliorer le résultat ou les forçages d’un modèle en hybridant le modèle avec des mesures. Puis, la prévision est présentée, utilisant de plus en plus souvent les techniques d’assimilation et d'ensemble.
Description and validation of the Japanese algorithm for radiative flux and heating rate products with all four EarthCARE instruments: Pre-launch test with A-Train
Authors: Yamauchi Akira , Suzuki Kentaroh , Oikawa Eiji , Sekiguchi Miho , Nagao Takashi , Ishida Haruma
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This study developed the Level 2 (L2) atmospheric radiation flux and heating rate product by a Japanese team for Earth Clouds, Aerosols, and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE). This product offers vertical profiles of downward and upward longwave (LW) and shortwave (SW) radiative fluxes and their atmospheric heating rates. This paper describes the algorithm developed for generating products, including the atmospheric radiative transfer model and input datasets, and its validation against measurement data of radiative fluxes. In the testing phase before the EarthCARE launch, we utilized A-Train data that provided input and output variables analogous to EarthCARE, so that the developed algorithm could be directly applied to EarthCARE after its launch. The results include comparisons of radiative fluxes between radiative transfer simulations and satellite/ground-based observations that quantify errors in computed radiative fluxes at the top of the atmosphere against Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) observations and their dependence on cloud type with varying thermodynamic phases. For SW fluxes, the bias was 24.4 Wm-2, and the root mean square error (RMSE) was 36.3 Wm-2 relative to the CERES observations at spatial and temporal scales of 5° and 1 month, respectively. On the other hand, LW exhibits a bias of -10.7 Wm-2 and an RMSE of 14.2 Wm-2. When considering different cloud phases, the SW water cloud exhibited a bias of -11.7 Wm-2 and an RMSE of 46.2 Wm-2, while the LW showed a bias of 0.8 Wm-2 and an RMSE of 6.0 Wm-2. When ice clouds were included, the SW bias ranged from 58.7 to 81.5 Wm-2 and the RMSE from 72.8 to 91.6 Wm-2 depending on the ice-containing cloud types, while the corresponding LW bias ranged from -8.8 to -28.4 Wm-2 and the RMSE from 25.9 to 31.8 Wm-2, indicating that the primary source of error was ice-containing clouds. The comparisons were further extended to various spatiotemporal scales to investigate the scale dependency of the flux errors. The SW component of this product exhibited an RMSE of approximately 30 Wm-2 at spatial and temporal scales of 40° and 40 days, respectively, whereas the LW component did not show a significant decrease in RMSE with increasing spatiotemporal scale. Radiative transfer simulations were also compared with ground-based observations of the surface downward SW and LW radiative fluxes at selected locations. The results show that the bias and RMSE for SW are -17.6 Wm-2 and 172.0 Wm-2, respectively, which are larger than those for LW that are -5.6 Wm-2 and 19.0 Wm-2, respectively.
Projected changes of Active layer thickness over permafrost under 1.5~5.0 °C climate warming on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Li Zhenjie , Su Buda , Huang Jinlong , Havea Peni Hausia , Xu Runhong , Jing Cheng , Gong Yu , Jiang Tong
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Permafrost degradation and active layer thickness (ALT) changes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) are caused by soil temperature increases under the continuous increase in global temperature. Therefore, the soil zero-degree layer can be used as an index to investigate the changes in permafrost and the ALT. The observed and projected permafrost and ALT were estimated by the summer soil zero-degree layer using soil temperature data from weather stations and the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). The results revealed that the ALT is deeper in summer (e.g., July), indicating that the melting capacity increases. The CMIP6-simulated and observed soil temperatures are consistent in the vertical direction across the QTP, but the model results exhibit significant cold deviations. The average ALT on the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau was approximately 3.75 m (range of 1.10~15.91 m) during 1961–1990 and increased to 5.77 m (range of 1.72~13.53 m) during 1991–2022, an increase of 53.9 %. The observed ALT were >6 m in the southeastern QTP area, such as east and south of Shigatse and Lhasa, where it was <3 m in the western Pamir Plateau, near Gaize, north of Qamdo in the northeast and east of Golmud, and other central and northern regions, where the values were 3–6 m. The ALT will continue to increase under the four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), especially when the radiative forcing level is high, and they will increase by 39.6 % under SSP5-8.5 by the end of the 21st century. The regional average of ALT will increase by 5.4 % for every 0.5℃ increase in global warming levels, increasing from 10.6 % to 47.1 %. A small change (e.g., <20 %) in the coverage area of the ALT will occur, decreasing from 1,424,735 km2 to 13,682 km2. However, the coverage area with a depth increase of more than 100 % will increase from 0 to 401,433 km2. The regions where the ALT slightly increases are primarily distributed in the northeast, east and southeast regions of the QTP, and the region where the ALT dramatically increases is in the western region, where there is concentrated permafrost.
Modeling Inertial Deposition of Aerosol Particles in Geometrically Complicated Flow Systems Using Finite Element Methods
Authors: Grahn Patrick , Kuula Joel
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This work presents a modeling approach for calculating the trajectories of aerosol particles in geometrically complicated flow systems. The finite-element based modeling is first validated by comparing the calculated inertial deposition with literature values for two cases of laminar flow: a 90-degree bend and an abrupt contraction of a pipe. The approach is then applied on a multi-part aerosol instrument used for Cantilever-Enhanced-Photo-Acoustic-Spectroscope (CEPAS) measurements. The particle transmission of the CEPAS is experimentally measured and compared to the modeling results. It is demonstrated that the model provides valuable insight on the inertial deposition losses by pinpointing their physical locations within the measurement instrument.
Driven magmatism and crustal thinning of coastal South China in response to subduction
Authors: Su Jinbao , Zhu Wenbin , Li Guangwei
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The late Mesozoic igneous rocks along the coastal South China Block (SCB) exhibit complex parental sources involving a depleted mantle, subducted sediment-derived melt, and melted crust. This period aligns with the magmatic flareup and lull in the SCB, debating with the compression or extension in coastal region. Our study employs numerical models to investigate the dynamics of the ascent of underplating magma along the Changle-Nan’ao Belt (CNB), simulating its intrusion and cooling processes while disregarding the formational background. The rheological structure of the lithospheric mantle significantly influences magma pathways, dictating the distribution of magmatism. This work reveals that the ascent of magma in the presence of faults is considerably faster than that in the absence of faults, and contemporaneous magmatic melts could produce different cooling and diagenetic processes. Additionally, the influence of pre-existing magma accelerates underplating magma emplacement. The ascending of magma forms a mush-like head, contributing to magmatic circulation beneath the crust and decreasing crustal thickness. Multiphase magmatism increases the geothermal gradient, reducing the lithospheric viscosity and promoting underplating magma ascent, leading to magmatic flare-ups and lulls. Our findings suggest that the Cretaceous magmatism at different times in the coastal SCB may be associated with the effects of lithospheric faults under similar subduction conditions. Boundary compression forces delay magma ascent, while rising magma induces a significant circulation, decreasing the crustal thickness of the coastal SCB. This study provides new insights into the complex interplay of magmatic processes during subduction, emphasizing the role of lithospheric structure in shaping the temporal and spatial evolution of coastal magmatism.
From the Top: Surface-derived Carbon Fuels Greenhouse Gas Production at Depth in a Neotropical Peatland
Authors: Hedgpeth Alexandra L. , Hoyt Alison M. , Cavanaugh Kyle , McFarlane Karis J. , Cusack Daniela F.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Tropical peatlands play an important role in global carbon (C) cycling but little is known about factors driving carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions from these ecosystems, especially production below the surface. This study aimed to identify source material and processes regulating C emissions from deep in a Neotropical peatland on the Caribbean coast of Panama. We hypothesized that: 1) surface derived organic matter transported down the soil profile is the primary C source for respiration products at depth and 2) high lignin content results in hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis as the dominant CH4 production pathway throughout the profile. We used radiocarbon isotopes to determine whether CO2 and CH4 at depth (measured to 2 m) are produced from modern substrates or ancient deep peat, and we used stable C isotopes to identify the dominant CH4 production pathway. Peat organic chemistry was characterized using 13C solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-NMR). We found that deep peat respiration products had radiocarbon signatures that were more similar to surface dissolved organic C (DOC) than deep solid peat. Radiocarbon ages for deep peat ranged from 1200 – 1800 yrBP at the sites measured. These results indicate that surface derived C was the dominant source for gas production at depth in this peatland, likely because of vertical transport of DOC from the surface to depth. Carbohydrates did not vary with depth across these sites, whereas lignin, which was the most abundant compound (55–70 % of C), tended to increase with depth. These results suggest that there is no preferential decomposition of carbohydrates, but preferential retention of lignin. Stable isotope signatures of respiration products indicated that hydrogenotrophic rather than acetoclastic methanogenesis was the dominant production pathway of CH4 throughout the peat profile. These results suggest, even C compounds that are typically considered vulnerable to decomposition (i.e., carbohydrates) are preserved deep in these tropical peats, highlighting the importance of anaerobic, waterlogged conditions for preserving tropical peatland C.
Predictive mapping of organic carbon stocks in surficial sediments of the Canadian continental margin
Authors: Epstein Graham , Fuller Susanna D. , Hingmire Dipti , Myers Paul G. , Peña Angelica , Pennelly Clark , Baum Julia K.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Quantification and mapping of surficial seabed sediment organic carbon have wide-scale relevance for marine ecology, geology and environmental resource management, with carbon densities and accumulation rates being a major indicator of geological history, ecological function and ecosystem service provisioning, including the potential to contribute to nature-based climate change mitigation. While global analyses can appear to provide a definitive understanding of the spatial distribution of sediment carbon, regional maps may be constructed at finer resolutions and can utilise targeted data syntheses and refined spatial data products and therefore have the potential to improve these estimates. Here, we report a national systematic review of data on organic carbon content in seabed sediments across Canada and combine this with a synthesis and unification of the best available data on sediment composition, seafloor morphology, hydrology, chemistry and geographic settings within a machine learning mapping framework. Predictive quantitative maps of mud content, dry bulk density, organic carbon content and organic carbon density were produced along with cell-specific estimates of their uncertainty at 200 m resolution across 4 489 235 km2 of the Canadian continental margin (92.6 % of the seafloor area above 2500 m) (https://doi.org/10.5683/SP3/ICHVVA, Epstein et al., 2024). Fine-scale variation in carbon stocks was identified across the Canadian continental margin, particularly in the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean regions. Overall, we estimate the standing stock of organic carbon in the top 30 cm of surficial seabed sediments across the Canadian shelf and slope to be 10.9 Gt (7.0–16.0 Gt). Increased empirical sediment data collection and higher precision in spatial environmental data layers could significantly reduce uncertainty and increase accuracy in these products over time.
Material agency in art installations: exploring the interplay of art, space, and materials in Detroit
Authors: Küttel Nora Mariella
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Decades of decline, disinvestment, and racism have left Detroit with an abundance of abandoned buildings, ruins, vacant lots, and illicit trash dumps. Though these structures and materials might have forfeited their previous purposes, they can act as catalysts, substances, and co-creators of artworks. The paper is thus interested in examining the intricate interplay between art, space, and materiality in Detroit further. Drawing from the practices of local artists Olayami Dabls and Scott Hocking, the paper adopts a new materialist framework to investigate the dynamic agency of matter in the artistic process. By considering materials as active participants in the production of art and space, the paper seeks to add to the emerging interest in the emancipation and meaning making of material in art as well as cultural geography's engagements with new materialism.
Misplaced Trust: How Positions of Influence Can be Abused in Managed Bubbles
Authors: Isabella Canals
Published: May 2024

This paper analyzes three of the most socially impactful and financially catastrophic managed bubbles in financial history, in order to understand their formation and guide future preventative legislation and market analysis. Through an in-depth analysis and historical comparison of the South Sea bubble, the Railway Mania of 1845, and the Dot Com bubble of the 1990s, historical parallels are established despite differing levels of existing market complexity. Furthermore, by understanding the key perpetrators of the three historical schemes and their contribution to the growth, manipulation, and collapse of the three bubbles, a generalized understanding of positions prone to financial manipulation can be better understood. The main focus of this paper is placed on the manipulative practices of government and media officials, and comparisons between their actions and methods reveal similar characteristics in their relative schemes, which can act as indicators of fraudulent market manipulation in future bubbling markets. The main characteristics analyzed through the three schemes is the manipulation of authority, credibility, and public perception.
CASO PRÁCTICO: SOLICITUD DE CAMBIO DE CENTRO DE UN ALUMNO, SIN ACUERDO ENTRE PADRES DIVORCIADOS. EL PRINCIPIO DE INTERÉS SUPERIOR DEL MENOR.
Authors: Nuñez Lozano Juan Manuel
Published: May 2024

Se describe un caso en el que la directora de una escuela pública recibe una solicitud de matrícula para un niño de cuatro años por parte de la madre, quien proporciona un documento judicial que incluye medidas cautelares para proteger al niño de su padre. A pesar de que el padre se opone al cambio de escuela, la directora decide proceder con la matrícula para proteger al menor, en detrimento de lo recogido en las instrucciones para casos de padres y madres separados/as y/o divorciados/as. El inspector de referenciainstaa la directora que permita al padre presentar documentación en su defensa y que informe a la madre de su derecho a hacer lo mismo.Tras analizar la documentación proporcionada por ambas partes, el inspector concluye que la protección del menor debe primar sobre los derechos del padre en esta situación.Se hace hincapié en la importancia del principio del interés superior del menor en la toma de decisiones relacionadas con su bienestar, y se indica que esta decisión está en línea con la legislación vigente, que prioriza el interés superior del menor en todas las acciones y decisiones que lo afecten.
EL IMPACTO DE LA FORMACIÓN CONTINUA EN EL SISTEMA DE EVALUACIÓN DE LOS INSPECTORES DE EDUCACIÓN EN PORTUGAL
Authors: Calçada Bercina , Mendonça Sérgio
Published: May 2024

Esta investigación es un estudio empírico, basado en el análisis documental y en entrevistas no estructuradas con inspectores, y sus objetivos fueron: conocer el impacto que el cambio en el sistema de evaluación del desempeño de los inspectores de educación tuvo y tiene en la progresión profesional; demostrar el impacto que el cambio en la carrera, asociado al cambio en el sistema de evaluación del desempeño, tiene y tendrá en la vida profesional de los inspectores de educación en Portugal; y analizar la formación continua ofrecida por la Inspección General de Educación y Ciencia a los inspectores y el impacto que esa formación tiene en su desempeño.
Desde el punto de vista metodológico, se analiza toda la legislación relativa al sistema de carrera y evaluación del desempeño de los inspectores de educación, y se han recogido y tratado los datos relativos a la progresión/promoción, evaluación y formación continua de los inspectores. Se utilizaron entrevistas no estructuradas con inspectores para validar los datos, explicar o aclarar determinados aspectos.
El cambio de la carrera de los inspectores a una carrera unicategorial, unido al nuevo sistema de evaluación del desempeño, con cuotas de desempeño "Relevante" y "Excelente", ha provocado una drástica reducción del número de progresiones/cambios de puesto salarial, con el resultado de que muchos inspectores no pueden alcanzar el último o los últimos puestos salariales hasta que se jubilan, al contrario de lo que habría ocurrido si hubieran permanecido en la carrera docente.
La formación continua impartida por la Inspección General de Educación y Ciencia y otras formaciones a las que asisten los inspectores por iniciativa propia, no tienen un impacto directo en la progresión profesional.
LA UNIÓN EUROPEA, UNA MATERIA QUE SE ABRE CAMINO EN LA EDUCACIÓN MADRILEÑA
Authors: Melchor Sánchez-Huete Mª Eugenia
Published: May 2024

Este texto académico analiza el comportamiento de la Unión Europea como materia en el currículo educativo de la Comunidad de Madrid, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de educar a los estudiantes europeos en las dimensiones ética, histórica y socioeconómica de la Unión. Asimismo, aborda y profundiza en el funcionamiento y la evolución de la educación en la UE, desde el punto de vista identitario, para la formación de ciudadanos europeos conscientes.
Metodológicamente, el ensayo ahonda en los obstáculos y los desafíos a los que se enfrenta la UE, como el euroescepticismo y la defensa de las soberanías nacionales en algunos países miembros, dentro de un escenario complejo y no exento de amenazas, que van más allá del ámbito educativo.
Se enfatiza en la necesidad de una educación de calidad y de una formación permanente para los docentes, así como en el fomento de la participación activa de los alumnos en el aprendizaje sobre la UE que les permita ser más activos dentro de la Unión y comprender mejor su realidad cotidiana.
Como resultado, se destaca el impacto positivo en el sistema educativo madrileño, que está desarrollando los mimbres necesarios para poder convertirse en referencia en esta materia educativa en Europa.
EL DESARROLLO DE LA INSPECCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN A TRAVÉS DE SUS COMPETENCIAS PROFESIONALES
Authors: Manso Jesús , Barreiro Valentín
Published: May 2024

En un momento en el que las atribuciones a la escuela aumentan y se complejizan y el tiempo con el que cuentan para la reflexión disminuye, la función de la inspección de educación emerge con una mayor relevancia. Además de supervisar, son también fundamentales el apoyo y la promoción de la mejora en los centros educativos. La colaboración con los equipos directivos, la comunidad educativa y el contexto cercano a la escuela constituye ahora, más que nunca, una función imprescindible. En este artículo exploraremos la importancia de la inspección de educación como herramienta indispensable para impulsar la excelencia y la equidad del sistema educativo. Se hará con un especial énfasis en la definición de los desempeños o competencias profesionales de los inspectores y las inspectoras de educación. Ubicaremos, por tanto, la inspección de educación como una profesión y, además, analizaremos las oportunidades y los desafíos que los marcos de competencias pueden aportar a la definición de una carrera profesional progresiva. Todo ello con el objetivo de aportar una serie de recomendaciones que contribuyan a la mejora de la profesión de la inspección de educación.
Ռուսաստանի կայուն առևտուրն անկայուն աշխարհում / STABLE TRADE OF RUSSIA IN AN UNSTABLE WORLD
Authors: MOVSISYAN Shushan
Published: May 2024

Currently, Russia holds the top position globally in terms of the number of sanctions imposed on
the country. Over the past two years, the increasing number of restrictions imposed by Western countries has been aimed at isolating the Russian economy from global markets, with the intention of ending
the war by causing economic hardship.
Immediately after the start of the war, the country's authorities ceased regular publication of foreign trade statistics to avoid inaccurate assessments and speculation. The paper , attempted to analyze Russia's foreign trade activity over the past two years using mirror data from partner countries,
as well as aggregated official statistics from the Russian Federation. Due to the sanctions, the Russian
economy experienced notable declines, especially following the embargo placed on crude oil and petroleum products in 2023. Yet, they are far from the expectations of Western countries. On the one hand,
Russian companies find ways to circumvent the sanctions, on the other hand, trade also shifts towards
markets of "friendly" countries.
Հայաստանի «հնդկական կինոն». ինչպե՞ս են հնդիկ միգրանտները «կերպարանափոխում» ՀՀ տնտեսությունը / "INDIAN MOVIE" OF ARMENIA: HOW ARE INDIAN MIGRANTS "TRANSFORMING"
THE RA ECONOMY?
Authors: VARDANYAN Tatevik
Published: May 2024

In recent times, there has been a noticeable infusion of new Indian elements into Armenia's traditionally uniform demographic landscape. The observable surge in Indian migrants arriving in Armenia
year by year is reshaping several sectors of our economy. This phenomenon of "Indianization" within
Armenia's migration landscape is intriguing and somewhat unexpected, especially considering Armenia's historical role as a source rather than a destination for migration. This paper conducts both
quantitative and qualitative analyses of the latest migration trends in Armenia, focusing on the growing
influx of migrants from India. The objective is to understand the reasons behind this trend and its implications for Armenia's economy, which is transitioning into a notable player in this “movie” of Indian
migration.
Պատերազմի տնտեսագիտություն. Ադրբեջանի կողմից նոր պատերազմ սկսելու տնտեսական դրդապատճառները/ ECONOMICS OF WAR: ECONOMIC MOTIVES FOR STARTING A NEW WAR BY AZERBAIJAN
Authors: TOROSYAN Alik
Published: May 2024

The paper examines the complex motives behind Azerbaijan's potential initiation of a new conflict
with Armenia, focusing on economic factors. It details how economic interests, particularly control
over resources and strategic transport routes, play a central role in modern conflicts, often outweighing traditional political or ideological reasons. Azerbaijan's interest in the Syunik region of Armenia
is highlighted as a case study, emphasizing the area's rich mineral resources and strategic position
on regional and global transport maps. The analysis suggests that beyond immediate economic gains,
controlling Syunik could offer significant strategic advantages to Azerbaijan, including enhanced trade
efficiency and geopolitical leverage.
Application of Machine Learning Methods for the Analysis of Indicators in the Financial Markets
Authors:   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», N. Nazarbayev Avenue, 56, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, KLYUYEVA Yelena , SOLODOVNIKOVA Irina ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», N. Nazarbayev Avenue, 56, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, KOTLYAROV Nikolay ,   Kazakh-British Technical University, Tole Bi Street, 59, Almaty, Kazakhstan,
Published: May 2024

The results of research in the field of application of various machine learning (ML) methods for the analysis and forecasting of financial time series are presented. The purpose of the study is to assess the suitability of ML algorithms for solving the problem of analyzing and predicting the state of financial markets. The source data was public data on Apple shares for the period from May 2002 to June 2020. As part of the study, machine learning algorithms were developed using stochastic analysis and data was prepared with subsequent preprocessing for better learning algorithms, as shown in the example of matrix formation for the boosting algorithm. The area of forecasting financial time series was studied and algorithms of boosting, fully connected neural network, recurrent neural network, neural networks with long short-term memory, convolutional neural network were applied. Based on the trained algorithms, a comparative analysis was carried out on a sample of financial instruments from one sector
Determining the Depth of Inclusion in the Underlying Environment
Authors:   NPLC «Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University», Pushkin Street, 86, Petropavl, Kazakhstan, KURMASHEV Ildar , ORMAN Indira ,   NPLC «Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University», Pushkin Street, 86, Petropavl, Kazakhstan, BORANBAEV Samat ,   NPJSC «L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University», Satpayev Street, 2, Astana, Kazakhstan
Published: May 2024

The work is devoted to the problem of determining the depth of inclusion in the underlying environment. The algorithm for determining the depth of occurrence is based on the sensing method using georadar hardware of the Loza-V series. There are two methods of GPR surveying: «profiling» and «probing». When profiling, the radar moves along the path along with the transmitting and receiving antennas. During sounding, one path point is selected, then a series of registrations of reflected signals are carried out with the source and receiver antennas spaced at equal distances in different directions. As a result of these measurements, a hodograph is obtained – a function of the delay time of the reflected signals [1]. Based on two measurements of signal delays and known distances between the receiver and the source, the depth of the inclusion is determined
Decision Support in Problems of Course Selection During Personalization of Learning Based on the Fuzzy Logic Method
Authors:   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», D. Serikbayev Street, 19, Oskemen, Kazakhstan, SEITAKHMETOVA Zhanat , KUMARGAZHANOVA Saule ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», D. Serikbayev Street, 19, Oskemen, Kazakhstan, BEKTENOVA Asel ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», D. Serikbayev Street, 19, Oskemen, Kazakhstan, SAPUANOV Birzhan ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», D. Serikbayev Street, 19, Oskemen, Kazakhstan, SADYKANOVA Oryngul ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», D. Serikbayev Street, 19, Oskemen, Kazakhstan
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the actual problem of designing information systems for automated selection of courses using fuzzy logic, which take into account the personal characteristics of students. As part of the study, a decision-making system was implemented through the educational platform of personalized learning to determine the compliance of elective course packages. Elective courses developed as content for this platform are conditionally divided into 4 packages, reflecting certain personal characteristics of students. The system offers students the most suitable package of courses. Within the framework of the article, a model of fuzzy inference is described and a base of production rules is presented.
Universal Continuous Model of Active Power Factor Correctors
Authors: Amelina Marina , Amelin Serghei , Yakimenko Igor
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the work is to develop continuous mathematical models of power factor correctors for switch-mode power supplies. The models are designed to solve optimization problems aimed at increasing the energy efficiency of these devices. This goal was achieved by developing a universal continuous averaged model of switch-mode voltage converters, which are an integral part of any active power factor corrector. State-space averaging method was proposed for constructing such a universal model. It has been shown that such a model adequately reproduces the processes in any of the main types of DC-DC voltage converters. The possibility of constructing a mathematical model of an active power factor corrector based on the proposed universal model of a DC-DC voltage converter is substantiated. The features of the structures of active power factor correctors for switching power supplies are considered and the problems that arise when studying their energy efficiency are shown. By simulation in the time domain with using the constructed model, diagrams of transients of the power factor corrector during load and primary network voltage disturbances are obtained. The most important result is the creation of a universal continuous mathematical model of switching voltage regulators. This model, unlike previously proposed models, is suitable for use in the analysis, modeling and design of any power factor correctors without the need to modify it in each specific case. The significance of the results obtained lies in accelerating the design process of active power factor correctors built on the basis of any type of pulsed DC-DC voltage converters. The developed model is intended for use in the Micro-Cap electronic circuit analysis program. However, since it is ultimately a software module in the SPICE language, this model can be used in many circuit analysis programs that support this language.
Improved Clamped Z-Source Converter with Optimized Maximum Power Point Tracker for Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems Based Energy Management System
Authors: Saranya Mani , Giftson Samuel George
Published: May 2024

In light of the intermittent and seasonal nature of wind and solar energy, electrical systems are becoming more problematic to operate. The purpose of the work is to establish an energy storage system that helps to minimize such operational challenges, which are essential to improve grid stability and reliability. The tasks solved in the article to achieve the given goal are the following: incorporating an energy management system with the aid of improved converter and optimized maximum power point (MPPT) for (Photovoltaic) PV and PMSG (permanent magnet synchronous generator) based wind system. On comparing with conventional Z-source converters, a novel improved clamped Z-source converter, which is utilized in this work has high efficiency with low THD and it has the capacity to protect electrical circuits against damage caused by short circuits, overcurrent and overvoltage. The Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) rectifier is implemented to convert AC-DC supply obtained from the PMSG wind system. Firefly optimization with an aid of Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) technique is employed as an MPPT system for extracting optimal power from photovoltaic system. The excess energy obtained from the hybrid sources are stored in the battery and it is controlled by the recurrent neural network (RNN) with the bidirectional converter. The overall developed system is executed in MATLAB software and the most important outcomes are demonstrated in terms of high efficiency with 91.2%, high tracking efficiency of 98.54% and reduced THD of 2.45% respectively. The significance of results obtained in this research lies in the advancement of renewable energy integration technologies. By overcoming the challenges associated with intermittent energy sources, the developed system contributes to the improvement of grid stability and reliability.
Small-Scale Power Plants Based on Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) using Low-Boiling Fluorocarbon Working Fluids when Operating at High Initial Cycle Conditions
Authors: Granchenko Pavel , Sukhikh Andrey , Kuznetsov Kyril , Mereuca Evgeny
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the work is to develop and analyze the operation of a thermal circuit based on the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) using low-boiling working substances of the fluorocarbon class when operating at high initial cycle parameters. This goal is achieved by energy analysis of single- and multi-stage thermal circuits of power plants with a turbine circuit operating on low-boiling fluorocarbon work-ing substances, such as octafluoropropane C3F8 and decafluorobutane C4F10. It is proposed to integrate the ORC thermal circuit as an extension to a small-capacity gas turbine power plant (GTU), operating on synthesis gas after a biomass gasifier. The most important results of the work are the possibility of implementing a cycle with a low condensation temperature of the medium, which allows, when using low-boiling working fluids, to significantly reduce the temperature of the heat removal process and, consequently, increase the efficiency of the cycle. The possibility of using the listed working substances in power plants with a turbine circuit, which until now have been used mainly as refrigerants for refrig-eration and heat pump systems, has been shown. The significance of the results of the work lies in the fact that, based on the analysis of the energy complex, a circuit solution has been proposed and justified that can increase the energy efficiency of the power supply complex, increasing the volume of generated electrical power and providing a number of technological and environmental advantages.
Thermal Analysis of Combustible Components of Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Snezhkin Yury , Mykhailyk Viacheslav , Korinchevska Tetiana
Published: May 2024

The use of municipal solid waste as a raw material for alternative fuel is a promising direction for waste recycling and substitution of solid fossil fuels. Therefore, selecting of fuel composition and studying of its properties is an urgent task. The aim of this work is thermal characteristics analysis of the combustible components of municipal solid waste, which are the most common in Ukraine, for further selection of a fuel composition that will satisfy the consumer's requirements. The goal is achieved by studying the thermal destruction of samples by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis when materials are heated to 1000 ºС in the presence of air oxygen. Paper, cardboard, plastic, biodegradable film, textiles, leather, wood were investigated in this work. The most important results are the received data on the characteristic temperatures of destruction stages, content of water, organic and mineral substances, ash, as well as the calculated values of rate and conditional thermal effect of decomposition of organic substances. Strong formation of gaseous substances was registered for samples of polyethylene and biodegradable film, polyethylene terephthalate and cotton fabric. These features should be considered in the technologies of production and combustion of fuel. The significance of the results also lies in the fact that it is recommended to use data on the thermal stability of materials in order to prevent their ignition during drying when developing fuel production technology. In addition, the calculated values of the conditional thermal effect made it possible to evaluate the thermal characteristics of the studied materials as components of solid alternative fuels.
Automatic Re-tuning of Poor-Performing PI-based Control Systems
Authors: Stopakevych Andrii , Stopakevych Oleksii , Tigarev Anatolii , Vorobiova Olena
Published: May 2024

The goal of the work is to create a new method for automatic re-tuning of PI controllers. It is achieved by solving the following problems. The first problem is to develop a method to identify a FOPDT estimation model by analyzing the dynamics of a control loop with a PI controller. The second problem is to demonstrate that the use of the estimated model allows to obtain better processes in control systems with PI controllers by comparing the resulting FOPDT model with a number of reduced models. The third problem is to develop a five-stage algorithm for automatic re-tuning of PI controllers. The fourth problem is to verify the software implementation of the developed algorithm. The most significant result was that the basis for estimating the FOPDT model in a loop with a Ziegler-Nichols tuned PI controller was the estimation the ratio of the delay to the time constant of the FOPDT model based on an assessment of the process overshoot. When the real control plant dynamics did not match with the dynamics of the FOPDT model this way was found effective for finding the optimal tuning of the PI controller. The significance of the results obtained was a structural robustness in case of estimated FOPDT model usage. The effectiveness of the procedure has been demonstrated on both linear and nonlinear models. The developed procedure is proposed to be used to automate the procedure of re-tuning SISO control systems when the control loop performance degradation has been detected.
Capítulo 1. Inteligencia Artificial en las redes sociales digitales
Authors: Calva-Cabrera Ketty Daniela , León-Alberca Tatiana , Arpi-Fernández Christian Gabriel
Published: May 2024

Este capítulo destaca cómo la Inteligencia Artificial ha transformado la interacción en las redes sociales mediante algoritmos que personalizan la experiencia del usuario, facilitan la publicidad dirigida y gestionan el contenido. Aunque estas tecnologías ofrecen mejoras significativas en la interacción y el marketing digital, también plantean importantes desafíos éticos, como la privacidad de datos y la creación de cámaras de eco. Además, se analiza el impacto de la IA en la dinámica social y las relaciones personales, subrayando la necesidad de un marco regulatorio robusto que asegure un uso justo y transparente de la IA.