bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intransitive Permutation Groups with Bounded Movement Having Maximum Degree
Authors: Razzagh Behnam
Published: March 2019

Let G be a permutation group on a set withno fixed points in and let m be a positive integer. If for each subset T of the  size |Tg\T| is bounded, for gEG, we define the movement of g as the max|Tg\T| over all subsets T of . In this paper we classified all of permutation groups on set    of size 3m + 1 with 2 orbits such that has movement m . 2000 AMS classification subjects: 20B25
Comparison of Halley-Chebyshev Method with Several Nonlinear equation Solving Methods Methods
Authors: Eskandari Hamideh
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we present one of the most important numerical analysis problems that we find in the roots of the nonlinear equation. In numerical analysis and numerical computing, there are many methods that we can approximate the roots of this equation. We present here several different methods, such as Halley's method, Chebyshev's method, Newton's method, and other new methods presented in papers and journals, and compare them. In the end, we get a good and attractive result.
Quantitative analysis and resolution of pharmaceuticals in the environment using multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS)
Authors: Mostafa Ahmed , Shaaban Heba
Published: April 2019

The study presents the application of multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) with a correlation constraint for simultaneous resolution and quantification of ketoprofen, naproxen, paracetamol and caffeine as target analytes and triclosan as an interfering component in different water samples using UV-Vis spectrophotometric data. A multivariate regression model using the partial least squares regression (PLSR) algorithm was developed and calculated. The MCR-ALS results were compared with the PLSR obtained results. Both models were validated on external sample sets and were applied to the analysis of real water samples. Both models showed comparable and satisfactory results with the relative error of prediction of real water samples in the range of 1.70–9.75 % and 1.64–9.43 % for MCR-ALS and PLSR, resp. The obtained results show the potential of MCR-ALS with correlation constraint to be applied for the determination of different pharmaceuticals in complex environmental matrices.
Chemistry and pharmacological diversity of quinoxaline motifs as anticancer agents
Authors: Ajani Olayinka O. , Nlebemuo Martins T. , Adekoya Joseph A. , Ogunniran Kehinde O. , Siyanbola Tolutope O. , Ajanaku Christiana O.
Published: April 2019

Surpassing heart diseases, cancer is taking the lead as the deadliest disease because of its fast rate of spreading in all parts of the world. Tireless commitment to searching for novel therapeutic medicines is a worthwhile adventure in synthetic chemistry because of the drug resistance predicament and regular outbreak of new diseases due to abnormal cell growth and proliferation. Medicinal chemistry researchers and pharmacists have unveiled quinoxaline templates as precursors of importance and valuable intermediates in drug discovery because they have been established to possess diverse pharmacological potentials. Hence, this review highlights the current versatile routes to accessing functionalized quinoxaline motifs and harnessing their documented therapeutic potentials for anticancer drug development.
Odontological analysis of Polish children with unilateral cleft lip and palate
Authors: Sękowski Piotr , Żądzińska Elżbieta , Pawłowska Elżbieta , Sitek Aneta , Antoszewski Bogusław
Published: April 2019

Tooth size, being the effect of interaction of genetic and prenatal factors, could be of importance in interpreting the multifactor causes of cleft lip/palate. Publications indicating decreased tooth parameters, no dental differences, or larger dimensions of teeth in cleft lip/palate patients. Researchers report mostly mesiodistal (MD) measurements of maxillary (affected) teeth. There is a lack of data for buccolingual (BL) diameters. Both MD and BL parameters have influence on the planning and performance of orthodontic treatment. The aim of this paper was to assess differences in mesiodistal and buccolingual tooth dimensions in Polish children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in comparison to patients without oral clefts. A total of 1883 permanent teeth, 1182 teeth of UCLP patients and 701 teeth of healthy participants were analyzed. Tooth diameters were performed using an orthodontic cast of dentition with a digital odontometer. The greatest anomalies were found in both maxillary canines and consisted of their reduced mesiodistal dimension and increased buccolingual dimension, resulting in a pathologically high crown shape index (BL/MD). Conclusion can be drawn that unilateral cleft lip and palate is a condition that causes morphological disturbances of varying severity in most mandibular and maxillary teeth both on the cleft and non-cleft sides.
Epigenetic signature of chronic maternal stress load during pregnancy might be a potential biomarker for spontaneous preterm birth
Authors: Rogac M , Peterlin B
Published: April 2019

Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality in newborn infants and can lead to significant neonatal morbidities. Spontaneous preterm birth accounts for at least 50.0% of all preterm births. We argue that chronic maternal stress load, which is an important risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth, could be represented by epigenetic signature of several specific genetic loci in the mother’s blood. A literature search was done in PubMed with the following keywords: “DNA methylation,” “epigenetics,” “maternal stress” and “preterm birth” from year 2000 to 2017. We suggest that these genetic loci might be related to vulnerability and hypersensibility of stress response during pregnancy in women with preterm births. The mother’s epi-genetic stress bioprofile was supposed to be a result of chronic maternal stress load since her birth. This epigenetic bioprofile might also be a potential biomarker for spontaneous preterm birth. DNA methylation changes are tissue-specific and human stress response manifests mostly through the central nervous system (CNS). Nevertheless, we found evidence that methylation changes of DNA isolated from blood leucocytes might be a reliable measure of stress-related epigenetic changes that occur in the CNS. Evaluating biological mechanisms through the development of simple assays based on epigenetic changes to measure chronic stress loads in expectant mothers can lead to our ability to prepare more effective measures for the prevention of preterm births, as well as leading to more effective treatment strategies for both expectant mothers and their newborns.
The Relations Between Safety Culture and Quality Culture
Authors: Wolniak Radosandław , Olkiewicz Marcin
Published: March 2019

The publication focuses on issues related to the culture of safety and the culture of quality. The aim of the publication is to analyze the literature on the subject of these two concepts and to present the relationship between the culture of quality and culture of safety. The integrated system should include the culture of an integrated management system, which will include issues related to individual partial cultures, for example the cultures of quality and safety presented in this publication. This concept includes all elements of the culture of quality and culture of occupational safety. This opens up new, interesting research fields, consistent with contemporary trends in both theory and practice of management sciences. Considering the practical dimension of management sciences, it is difficult to consider separately the “culture” of individual subsystems, where in most enterprises, especially industrial ones, these systems do not appear separately and are implemented in the form of an integrated system.
Operational Control in the Process Safety Assurance
Authors: Karkoszka Tatiana
Published: March 2019

The need of ensure the safety in the realised industrial processes results directly from their negative influence both on environment and workers’ health, and, as a result – the associated material losses. Safety management must be based on the risk management, results of which are the basis of risk acceptability assessment and taking action of the systemic character directed on risk minimisation. Those actions should guarantee technical condition of the used technological installations and monitoring and control equipment as well as organisational solutions, which in the effective manner are going to minimise the probability of occurrence of environmental and occupational accidents, and – in the case of their occurrence – minimise the influences. Therefore research on the practical solutions of process safety assurance, both in the regular conditions of work and in the time of the emergency are of the crucial meaning. That is why the value of the paper is being constituted by the authorial model of operational control, which aim is to guarantee the process safety from the perspective of the both: technical and occupational safety. The worked out model is the systemic tool giving the guidelines of operational management and allowing for the homogeneous management in the range of environmental safety and occupational safety and on the basis of – being the fundamental element of the model – risk management. The worked out model can be implemented in case of any organisation which wants to assure the safety of the realised processes by risk and system management.
The Role and Importance of Improvement Activities in Functioning of the Company in the Area of Safe and Healthy
Authors: Daroń Marta , Górska Monika
Published: March 2019

In the article there were presented issues related to the improvement of the occupational health and safety (OHS) management system in a selected energy industry company. The research entity belongs to the leading producers of electricity and heat in Poland. In the paper there were analyzed data on accidents in the research period covering the years 2012-2017. There was also made a short description of the company's activities regarding internal health and safety inspections carried out periodically. Furthermore, there were analyzed the activities improving the occupational health and safety management system in a selected research entity. In the paper there were also presented the sizes and types of activities (projects), that were aimed at improving the health and safety area and included in the company's business strategy. On the basis of the data and the analyzes carried out, it was possible to make a comprehensive assessment of the health and safety management system of the company and to indicate that corrective actions are continuous.
The Work Environment Management in the Aspect of the Safety Shaping at the Administration and Office Workplace
Authors: Niciejewska Marta , Kač Sonja Mlakar
Published: March 2019

The management of the work environment aims at shaping all elements of the work environment, also in the aspect of safety. All activities in the field of planning, organizing, conducting and controlling individual elements of the work environment are aimed at optimizing the working conditions. In office and administrative work many factors affect the level of occupational health and safety.In the paper, the selected physical factors of the work environment - lighting, noise and microclimate - at the office and administration position in order to shape a safe, ergonomic and optimal workplace have been analyzed. The article uses measurement methods using devices - noise, lighting and microclimate meters
Safety at the Workplace – Selected Issues of Personal Data Safety
Authors: Chmielarz Grzegorz
Published: March 2019

The paper presents the problem domain related to data safety management in the face of the threats that organisations of all types encounter in this scope. The Author’s particular concern are personal data management issues, which are of key importance for contemporary enterprises as they frequently determine wining the market advantage and growth in their competitiveness. Yet, incidents of personal data breaches, aimed at economic organisations have been on the increase in the recent years, leading not only to substantial financial losses, but what is worse, frequently resulting in damage to their reputation. Therefore, a vital issue for all enterprises is to make their employees acquainted with threats to data security and their potential harmful effects on the operations and financial results of organisations. The paper presents an analysis of breaches to personal data in organisations in a global dimension as well as analyses of their negative effects to their image and trust of their customers.
Institutional Aspects of Health and Safety at Work in Poland
Authors: Kozień Ewa , Kozień Adam
Published: March 2019

Health and safety at work have their legal basis in international and Polish law – source of law currently valid in Poland. For efficiently functioning system of health and safety at work it is necessary to build appropriate institutional environment. The purpose of the article is to analyse the institutional system of health and safety at work in Poland based on source of law currently valid in Poland and forming remarks de lege lata and de lege ferenda in this scope.
Safety of Formworks in the Engineering and General Construction Sector
Authors: Brózda Kinga , Selejdak Jacek
Published: March 2019

Formwork systems are necessarily used in the implementation of the RC (reinforced concrete) structures. Formworks are required regardless of whether a construction is monolithic or prefabricated and used to form the engineering and general structures or structural elements, such as abutments, supports and decks of the bridges, tanks and retaining walls, but also industrial and accommodation facilities etc. Ensuring the OHS (occupational health and safety) during transport, assembly and disassembly of formworks is a necessary condition for the execution of RC works in a safe and economical way. The paper presents the analysis of the safety requirements for formworks. Furthermore, the general requirements for the execution of the formwork structures were discussed. The most common organizational and technological mistakes and cased of neglects related to the operation of the formwork which lead to infringement of the OHS regulations were also identified.
Economic Aspects of Reducing Low-Stack Emission in Poland
Authors: Turek Marian , Michalak Aneta , Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
Published: March 2019

The objective of the paper is to present the problem of low-stack emission in the economic and financial context. The paper presents the results of preliminary research based on literature review and environmental reports. After completing the selection of publications and data extraction, which could help to describe the issue raised, their analysis, comparison and generalization was conducted. The aspects presented may constitute a starting point in building a model of pricing the economic results of low-stack emission. In the first place the phenomenon of smog was subject to analysis, as one of the most significant consequences of low-stack emission, influencing health of human beings, environment and tangible assets. Then an attempt was made to express the previously identified results of low-stack emission in the economic and financial categories, taking into consideration the costs incurred for the purposes of completing the undertakings aimed at decreasing low-stack emission, costs avoided due to the decrease of the number of illnesses caused by low-stack emission, costs avoided due to the restriction of the negative influence of low-stack emission on the environment and on tangible assets as well as economic benefits achieved thanks to the reduction of low-stack emission.
Sustainability Indicators and Environmental Safety Management as Illustrated with an Example of the Polish Energy Sector
Authors: Skrodzka Wioletta , Kiriliuk Olga
Published: March 2019

Power engineering is one of the key areas of sustainable development. Many countries create new concepts of environmental safety management and modify their energy systems to be in line with the goals of sustainable development in the EU. Sustainable development indicators can be a tool for monitoring the set goals of environmental safety management. The aim of the article is to assess the environmental safety management of the energy sector in Poland in relation to EU as well as presenting the concept of sustainable energy development and indicators used to assess the development of energy in the following dimensions: social, economic and ecological. The indicators used to assess the sustainable development of energy in the following dimensions were compared: sustainable consumption and production, marking the production and consumption of energy; organizations and sites with eco-management and audit scheme (EMAS); registration climate change, marking GHG emissions and the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption; sustainable transport, marking the energy consumption of transport relative to GDP. The article will test the hypothesis that the structure of obtaining energy in Poland and the tempo of change in this respect differ from the EU average.
Environmental Safety as a Challenge for Management Practice in the Brewing Industry in the Era of Craft Beer Revolution
Authors: Tomski Piotr , Dunay Anna
Published: March 2019

The objective of the present paper is the analysis of the selected problems of environmental safety associated with the operation of craft breweries in the conditions of craft beer revolution. The study is the author’s considerations on the selected issues associated with the impact on the natural environment and its protection, based on the review of the literature and the analysis of experiences of the existing craft breweries.
Basis of Biomass Grinders Sustainable Designing
Authors: Kruszelnicka Weronika , Tomporowski Andrzej , Flizikowski Józef , Kasner Robert , Cyganiuk Joanna
Published: March 2019

Grinding operations are one of the most commonly used preparation processes in many branches, for example in food, energy and chemical sectors. This paper focuses on the issues connected with design of technical objects in accordance with sustainable development assumptions. The aim of this study is to create methodology of sustainable design of grinding machine, including external influences involved in their operation, to increase safety, energy, economic and eco- efficiency. The problem formulated as a question: what techniques, equipment, methods, and ways should be used in design to obtain a new, better grinder structure? To resolve the problem, original methodology of sustainable design has been created.
Product Safety Management as an Important Area of The Lean Management Concept
Authors: Baskiewicz Nicoletta , Orhan Hacer Simay Karaalp
Published: March 2019

The article presents the issues of product safety management in enterprises managed in accordance with the Lean Management concept. The Lean Management concept is aimed at limiting or even completely excluding all forms of waste by intensifying and stimulating continuous improvement. One of the ways to reduce waste is to minimize waste and production shortages that arise due to failures in meeting the product safety requirements, quality criteria for a specific product. In addition, good practices in product safety in Lean organizations will be shown, which show the care for the safety of the products offered. On the basis of research, the following will be presented in the article: a general approach to product safety and detection of production deficiencies, as well as the autor’s original proposal for a system ensuring the safety of manufactured products.
Statistical Analysis of Quality Parameters of Pig Iron
Authors: Kardas Edyta , Pustějovská Pavlína , Brožova Silvie
Published: March 2019

Steel is currently main structural material in the world. Pig iron, which is the basic product of blast furnace process, is the semi-product used in steel-making processes. It is an alloy of iron with carbon containing above 2% C and other elements with limited content, intended for further processing. Chemical composition of pig iron is its basic quality factor, it defines its class and meeting requirements set by steel plant department. It is important that this chemical composition is as stable as possible. In addition, the temperature of pig iron is also very important quality parameter. The paper presents statistical analysis of quality parameters of pig iron produced in one of Polish steelworks. The content of alloying elements and temperature of tapping of pig iron from blast furnace were examined. The amount of non-conforming production and the losses related to the low quality were assessed.
Management The Safety of Exploitation of the Rotation Mechanism in a Self-Propelled Crane
Authors: Krynke Marek , Vaško Alan
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes of the load capacity of the rotation mechanism of the boom arm sub-assembly for a self-propelled crane. The uneven flexibility of systems supporting structures of the machine was taken into account in the identification of the load. The consideration are illustrated by the example slewing bearing from self-propelled crane. FEM method was used for calculations. The basic problems of construction of numerical model were discussed. Sample calculations of bearing carrying capacity has been done taking into account flexibility of bearings supporting structures, which also allowed to define the internal load distribution in the bearing. On example of the supporting structure of the mobile crane DST 5050 the internal load distribution in the crane bearing at different positions of the crane machine body were defined. During the rotation of the crane body priority angels were indicated. It has been shown that the deformations of the supporting frames are so large that they significantly change the distribution of forces transmitted by the individual bearing rollers.
Damage Risk of the Raceway Edge Arise in Four-Point Slewing Bearing
Authors: Krynke Marek , Mielczarek Krzysztof
Published: March 2019

In the article some forms of damage to raceway of slewing bearings for single-row ball bearing slewing ring with four-point contact and their causes were shown. Changes of the contact angle and its influence on the geometry for contact zone of the rolling elements raceway were analyzed. An identification of changes for contact angle of individual balls for different parameters of the contact was received. It was showed that contact angles of some rolling elements were increasing. It can cause damage to the raceway by spalling or rolling out of edge of the bearing ring. Ways of avoiding too early damage to the raceway at the stage of the design and the selection of coronary bearings were suggested.
Tpm Safety Impact – Case Study
Authors: Maszke Adrian
Published: March 2019

The global production companies of today are exposed to increasingly stronger pressure to implement new technologies, improve quality and decrease production costs. All this is related to ensuring a proper technical condition of machines and devices. This article presents the results of an analysis of the impact of implementation of TPM at the rolling mill on work safety. The number of near misses and accidents was used as a measure of the safety level.
Creating Safe and Competitive Conditions for the Provision of Rail Transport Services
Authors: Stasiak-Betlejewska Renata , Török Ádám
Published: March 2019

Safety is a key and necessary condition for the sustainable development of the railway industry. Every entity operating in the railway area should maintain and increase the level of security as part of its operations. The subject of the analysis of data on the rail transport safety in European countries and content of the safety culture program implemented in Poland, whose main objective is to implement safety culture principles in the railway transport and to encourage all companies operating in the railway industry to improve the rail transport safety as the key condition for the sustainable development of railway industry. Paper contains results of the analysis of the European rail transport safety level in the context of the objectives set for Poland indicated by the European Union (CSI value) as improvement areas.
The Smoothed Bootstrap Fine-Tuning
Authors: Dwornicka Renata , Goroshko Andrii , Pietraszek Jacek
Published: March 2019

The bootstrap method is a well-known method to gather a full probability distribution from the dataset of a small sample. The simple bootstrap i.e. resampling from the raw dataset often leads to a significant irregularities in a shape of resulting empirical distribution due to the discontinuity of a support. The remedy for these irregularities is the smoothed bootstrap: a small random shift of source points before each resampling. This shift is controlled by specifically selected distributions. The key issue is such parameter settings of these distributions to achieve the desired characteristics of the empirical distribution. This paper describes an example of this procedure.
The Energy Use Of Granulate And Pyrolysis Oil From Discarded Car Tires As A Method To Increase Ecological And Energy Safety
Authors: Tomporowski Andrzej , Piasecka Izabela , Mrozński Adam , Kruszelnicka Weronika , Bałdowska-Witos Patrycja , Kovalyshyn Stephan
Published: March 2019

On average, there are about 60 kg of rubber in a passenger car, about 67% of which are tires, about 20% of all kinds body seals, doors and windows, suspension elements amount to 5%, the rest are other elements related to the engine (seals, hoses, wires, pads, etc.). Rubber waste is too valuable resource to direct to landfills. The vast majority of recovery of used tires in Poland (over 70%) is carried out by burning tires with energy recovery. Tires in the form of granulate, mixed with coal dust, are burn in some combined heat and power plants. The paper presents results of experimental studies of possible use for energy purposes, granules and pyrolysis oil the resulting from discarded car tires for increasing ecological and energy safety. Energy properties of granulates and pyrolysis oil were investigated and the shape and size of granulate particles were analyzed. For this purpose, digital image processing (CAMSIZER device) and calorimeter were used. It was found that the products of tire recycling decommissioned from exploitationare the high-energy material with good calorific value. Based on the results of experimental studies, application conditions of rubber waste for energy purposes was formulated.
The Role of Human Resources in The Creation of Innovation Position of Poland - Comparative Analysis to Eu Countries Based on SII Index
Authors: Ostraszewska Zuzanna , Tylec Agnieszka , Vasylyk Sergii
Published: March 2019

Because of his knowledge, skills and activities, a man is a causative factor for most processes occurring in modern organizations, and may influence the level of their safety. The ingenuity and creative commitment of a man determines his ability to create and implement innovative solutions, to develop himself and the organization and thus, to reduce business risk.

Human resources are one of the factors that positively affect the location of Poland on the EU map of innovation. The aim of this article, on the background of the definitional aspects of innovation and its measurement with the SII index, is to address the issue of the role of these resources in building an innovative position of Poland. Data characterizing the Polish economy were compared with the results of EU countries.
International Dimension of Knowledge Management in Supplier of Quality Outsourcing – Case Study
Authors: Puto Agnieszka , Puto Mariusz
Published: March 2019

Currently, the conditions enterprises are operating in are marked by considerable instability. Thus the changes they may undergo are difficult to predict. Practitioners and theoreticians of management science point to various approaches to building competitive advantage. In the past few years, the focus has been put mainly on information and knowledge. According to advocates of the knowledge management concept, knowledge is of key importance to building competitive advantage and succeeding on the market. The issues of knowledge and how it is gathered, updated and applied are not new. The challenge for contemporary entrepreneurs is, however, how to manage knowledge in global enterprises. The aim of this study is to analyse the issue of knowledge management in a company which based its development on expansion into foreign markets. The research method applied is illustrative case study, the aim of which is to show how important knowledge management is for improving the efficiency of an internationalized enterprise.
Definition and classification criteria of logistics services for elderly
Authors: Jarocka Marta , Wang Hao
Published: April 2019

An ageing population is a natural and inevitable phenomenon that constitutes an opportunity for the development of the logistics services industry. This is related to the fact that a new demographic profile of the world is determined by a growing number of customers — seniors – with special needs that generate the demand for services such as carriage and home delivery of food and medicines. Therefore, considering the growing demand for logistics services intended for older adults, there is a justified need to develop theoretical knowledge in this area. The paper aims to define a logistics service dedicated to an elderly person as the ultimate recipient as well as to identify the classification criteria of such services. The first part of the article is based on a literature review and presents definitions of a service and a logistics service according to various researchers. It also identifies different classifications of logistics services. These theoretical aspects provided a basis for authors to propose the notion of a logistics service and a catalogue of criteria for systemising logistics services dedicated to older adults. Logistics services for the elderly may be grouped according to classification criteria applicable to what is widely understood as logistics services in source literature. The classification criteria are the type of service, the immateriality of service, the frequency of contacting the customer, the type of purchaser market, the degree of service customisation, the type of a relationship between the service enterprise and the customer, and the place of service provision. Nonetheless, due to the customer-oriented approach in logistics, the authors proposed the classification criteria of these services with regard to age, financial situation, needs, health, expectations, hobby, skills and problems of older adults. Such an approach to classification is determined by considerable inherent diversification of the discussed group of customers as well as a specialised catalogue of logistics services. The classification of logistics services may contribute to the improved design of such services.
Polish experience from the operation of helicopters under harsh conditions
Authors: Przysowa Radosław , Gawron Bartosz , Kułaszka Artur , Placha-Hetman Karol
Published: April 2019

The result of operating the military helicopters in a dusty environment is a loss of performance and premature failures of gas paths of the engines. The efficient protection of the power plant against dust ingestion is tough, especially in the desert. The article summarises the experience accumulated while operating the military helicopters under harsh conditions in Poland and during foreign missions. There were characterised the types of conducted missions, operated helicopters, protection methods of engines and common failures. It was stated that the performance of TV3-117 engines and their particle separation systems was insufficient in the mountains and on the desert (Iraq and Afghanistan). The deterioration of gas paths resulted in the loss of helicopters’ performance and substantially contributed to the few aircraft incidents. The experience gained during foreign missions is used in training the crews and ground personnel and in the programmes of modernisation and renewal of the helicopter fleet.
Utilising a Skin Prick Test for the determination of the presence of allergic rhinitis in divers
Authors: Olszański Romuald , Dąbrowiecki Zbigniew , Niewiedział Dorota , Gadomski Krzysztof , Zieliński Ewa
Published: March 2019

Allergic rhinitis occurs in various regions of the world and affects from 10 to 40% of the population. The skin prick test is the “gold standard” for the detection of type I allergic diseases according to the Gella and Coombs classification, which is mediated by IgE. For our experiment, skin prick tests were performed on 60 divers aged between 30 and 40 years of age. The following tests for airborne allergens were used: tests for pollen from trees, grasses, cereals, weeds, proteins from house dust mites, animal hair and epidermis, and moulds. On the basis of an interview and a positive skin prick test allergic rhinitis was diagnosed in 17 divers.

Conclusions:

Allergic rhinitis can cause health problems in divers and be the cause of diving accidents.

The application of the skin prick test during the health qualification in the Military Maritime Health Commission, would allow the exclusion of diver candidates suffering from allergies.
Intrapartum transfers from the Birth Centre to the Obstetric Unit in 2017 – analysis of reasons
Authors: Łukasiewicz Aleksandra , Baranowska Barbara , Dzierżak-Postek Edyta , Węgrzyn Piotr
Published: March 2019

Introduction. The standard of perinatal care gives the woman the right to consciously choose the place of birth. Birth Centres (BC) run by midwives implement a vision of a non-medicalized birth in intimate homelike conditions.

Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the causes of transfers from the Birth Centre to the Obstetric Unit and to indicate the social and demographic characteristics of the women giving birth that may predispose to transfer.

Material and methods. The study was based on the analysis of the medical records of women who were transferred from the BC to the St. Sophia Obstetric Unit in Warsaw. 88 women who were transferred constituted the study group.

Results. The most numerous group were women giving birth aged 30-34. The majority were giving birth for the first time and had higher education. Intrapartum transfers were related to the mother’s obstetric condition, fetal condition or disruption of the childbirth.

Conclusions. Failure to progress of labour is the main cause of transfers. The women giving birth for the first time aged 30 and over, admitted for to the BC after 40 weeks of pregnancy and dilation below 4 cm were the most often transferred group of women.
Gebietsschutz in Europa – Herausforderungen für wissenschaftliche Kooperation. Erfahrungen der Forschergruppe NeReGro
Authors: Mose Ingo , Hammer Thomas , Siegrist Dominik , Weixlbaumer Norbert
Published: March 2019

This paper addresses development and experiences of an international group of researchers with a focus on area protection in Europe. Under the acronym "NeReGro" (for "New regional development and large protected areas") four university research groups in geography from Switzerland, Austria and Germany practice successfully a rather lose, informal way of collaboration for almost20 years. Core subject of their joint activities is the considerable change experienced in area protection in Europe for quite some time. This is especially mirrored by large protected areas, many of which carry out a multitude of functions beyond the classical tasks of nature conservation. A considerable part of this research appears relatively isolated though, relatively disconnected and with limited mutual recognition. The development of NeReGro well illustrates the benefits that can be generated instead from ways of systematic collaboration for research on protected areas at large. These regard the development of a comparative international research agenda, the recognition of the societal implications of area protection, and the enhancement of the local-regional research perspective by a global view. Besides the added value of collaboration visibale through the work of NeReGro, the case of the research group equally illustrates limits of collabation similarly characteristic for protected areas research in Europe at large. Against this background, the consistent development of appropriate forms of research collaboration at European scale are demanded in order to meet future challenges caused by planning and management of protected areas.
Informatization of enterprises in the light of transaction costs
Authors: Szplit Marcin , Szplit Andrzej
Published: March 2019

The subject of the publication are contracts concluded by enterprises, regarding the implementation and operation of information systems, which support various functional areas. The implementation and operation of IT systems in enterprises is presented as a mechanism of permanent transactions entered in two contracts: the selection and purchase of an IT system, and the operation and service of the system.
Historical, collective, institutional and market memory (Development of emergent phenomena)
Authors: Dworak Janusz
Published: March 2019

The article is of interdisciplinary nature with its emphasis laid on sociology. Its aim is to present some considerations on the way in which emergent phenomena1 are created. The question whether the reasoning based on analogy fosters phenomena related to the emergence of new notions comes as the research problem that the author tries to solve. The research hypothesis is formulated as the following statement: applying analogy,2 considerations which refer to historical memory allow additional notions, such as collective, institutional and market memory, to emerge. In the article, the research method applied in order to achieve the assumed aim is the grounded theory3 because it allows us to generate knowledge in numerous fields. During the articulation of theoretical annotations,4 new emerging notions come as a good starting point for further studies on various types of memory, and consequently, they determine their usability in practice. In the article, the annotations are placed in the footnotes and they present the author’s thoughts and reflections presented by people who have been consulted with regard to the discussed problems. Presented in the theoretical part of the article, the reference to scientific achievements in the field of marketing memory is actually very difficult because they are extremely scarce.

Historical memory may be seen as knowledge resources recorded in some past stories, diaries and specialist publications; it also refers to artefacts collected in museums and to historical monuments that represent the culture of a particular society. Collective memory refers to historical awareness that is manifested by the cultivation of traditions and customs, reconstruction of buildings in which previous generations used to live. The concept of institutional memory is related to a specific vector that provides collective memory with magnitude and direction in the form of interpretation of events; it can be considered as a resultant of exogenous and endogenous processes taking place in a society. On the basis of those considerations, another type of memory appears: market memory as a new category of knowledge. The essence of market memory comes down reminding various communities about products the consumption of which is supposed to satisfy their needs at a specific level, but it will also lead to the replacement of currently operating devices with new and more advanced ones.
The school institution viewed as an organisation and its environment
Authors: Brzychcy Katarzyna
Published: March 2019

Despite the fact that they are public institutions and that they seem to have the status quo of their functioning already established, schools are still exposed to various internal and external organisational changes. The article comes as a broad reflection on schools viewed as organisations and their environment, including activities that are undertaken in favour of development of such organisations. First, the article presents an explanation of the essence of an organisation. On the basis of some definitions provided by expert literature, schools are presented as organisations. Some particular attention is focused on the problem related to school environment in its micro- and macro-dimensions; it specifically refers to the establishment and maintenance of organisation–school relations. Theoretic considerations underlie the discussion of the essence of the presented survey and its results. The aim of the survey has been to identify entities that cooperate with contemporary schools and the environment in which such cooperation takes place and also to indicate the consequences that result from the interpretation of schools as organisations and their relations with the environment, viewed from the perspective of resources. The material for the research survey has been collected with the methods involving questionnaire forms and interviews. The results of the research come as a part of a more extensive research process.
Building the Digitally Gated Community: The Case of Nextdoor
Authors: Kurwa Rahim
Published: April 2019

The neighborhood is a historic and contemporary site of the assertion of white racial and economic domination, particularly over Black people. Although there is strong evidence that whites continue to prefer racially segregated neighborhoods, fifty years of fair housing jurisprudence has made it more difficult to openly bar non-white residents. Among the many strategies used to protect white domination of residential space is the coordinated surveillance and policing of non-white people. In this paper, I show how Nextdoor, a neighborhood-based social network, has become an important platform for the surveillance and policing of race in residential space, enabling the creation of what I call digitally gated communities. First, I describe the history of the platform and the forms of segregation and surveillance it has supplemented or replaced. Second, I situate the platform in a broader analysis of carcerality as a mode and logic of regulating race in the United States. Third, using examples drawn from public reports about the site, I illustrate how race is surveilled and policed in the context of gentrification and integration. Finally, I discuss implications, questions, and future issues that might arise on the platform.
Farklı oranlarda alüminyum köpük takviyeli çarpışma-kutularının mekanik performanslarının karşılaştırılması
Authors: GÜLÇİMEN ÇAKAN Betül , ENSARİOĞLU Cihat , ÇAKIR M. Cemal
Published: March 2019

Çarpışma-kutuları otomobillerde, kaza anında çarpışma enerjisini sönümleyerek aracın ve yolcuların en az zararı almasını sağlayan önemli elemanlardır. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle, alüminyum köpük malzemesinin yarı-statik basma testleri gerçekleştirilerek malzeme modeli oluşturulmuştur. Bu malzeme modeli; farklı oranlarda alüminyum köpük takviyesi yapılmış çarpışma-kutularının mekanik performansını, boş çarpışma-kutularınınki ile karşılaştırmak amacıyla, sanal çarpışma analizlerinde kullanılmıştır. Köpük takviyeli çarpışma-kutularının, köpük oranıyla artacak şekilde; plato kuvveti, çarpışma süresi, deformasyon davranışı ve enerji emilimi yönünden daha üstün olduğu görülmüştür.
Right circulant matrices with generalized Fibonacci and Lucas polynomials and coding theory
Authors: UÇAR Sümeyra , YILMAZ ÖZGÜR Nihal
Published: March 2019

In the present paper, we consider two new coding algorithms by means of right circulant matrices with elements generalized Fibonacci and Lucas polynomials. To that end, we study basic properties of right circulant matrices using generalized Fibonacci polynomials, generalized Lucas polynomials and geometric sequences.
Otomotiv endüstrisinde kullanılan DP450 ve DP800 saçlarında deformasyon hızının ve haddeleme yönünün çekme özelliklerine etkisi
Authors: AYDIN Hakan , TUNCEL Oğuz , KARPUZ Muzaffer , AYDIN Özgür
Published: March 2019

Çift fazlı DP (Dual Fazlı) çelikleri otomotiv sanayinde en çok tercih edilen çelik gruplarındandır. Kullanımları sırasında bu çeliklerin yükleme yönüne göre hadde yönü ve deformasyon hızı son derece önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, DP450 ve DP800 çift fazlı çeliklerinde deformasyon hızı ve haddeleme yönüne bağlı olarak çekme sonuçları incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalarda, haddeleme yönünün çekme ekseniyle yaptığı açılar 0°, 45° ve 90°, deformasyon hızları 2.4x10-4, 2.4x10-3, 2.4x10-2 ve 1.2x10-1 s-1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar göstermiştir ki, DP450 ve DP800 çeliklerinde deformasyon hızının çekme özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi hadde yönü etkisinden daha fazla olmuştur. Her iki çelikte de deformasyon hızı artışı ile akma ve çekme mukavemeti değerleri artmış, kopma uzaması değerleri ise önemli ölçüde düşmüştür. Ayrıca, her iki çelikte de deformasyon hızının akma mukavemeti üzerindeki etkisi çekme mukavemeti üzerindeki etkisinden daha fazla olmuştur. DP800 çeliğinde deformasyon hızı ile mukavemet artış oranı DP450 çeliğine nazaran daha düşük kalırken, kopma uzaması düşüş oranı ise daha fazla olmuştur. Hadde yönünün etkisine bakıldığında ise, DP450 ve DP800 çeliklerinde 45° hadde yönünde nispeten daha yüksek mukavemet değerleri gözlenirken aynı hadde yönünde daha düşük uzama değerleri elde edilmiştir.
Dynamic Capillarity During the Water Flooding Process in Fractured Low Permeability Reservoirs
Authors: Li Ying , Li Haitao , Chen Shengnan , Lu Yu , Li Xiaoying , Luo Hongwen , Liu Chang , Cui Xiaojiang
Published: April 2019

Capillary pressure and relative permeability are the two main factors determining the multiphase flow in oil and gas reservoirs. Dynamic capillarity, which includes the dynamic capillary pressure and the dynamic relative permeability, should be considered when performing waterflooding in low permeability oil reservoirs. To stimulate the production, hydraulic fracturing has been applied in low permeability oil reservoirs. In this work, dynamic capillarity in fractured low permeability reservoirs were investigated through numerical simulation, which applied the capillary pressure and relative permeability data obtained from steady and dynamic waterflooding experiments. The numerical simulation conducted sensitive analysis using CMG. The results show that if the steady data are used in the prediction, the oil saturation reduces more evenly and more quickly, and the production capability of the reservoir is overestimated. Moreover, the production well will be predicted to breakthrough earlier, with a higher breakthrough water flow if the dynamic capillarity is neglected This work demonstrates the importance of considering dynamic capillarity in fractured low permeability reservoirs, and provides another perspective to predict the production in fractured low permeability reservoirs.