bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Intelligent Accuracy Prediction in Recognition and Transformation of Hand Gestures Into Visual Data Using Novel Feed Forward Neural Networks in Comparison with CNN
Authors: Harthik Kumar Reddy B. , Anitha K.
Published: April 2022

Aim: The purpose of the work is to precisely and accurately recognize the hand movements by impaired people into relevant speech signals. Materials and Methods: ASL Alphabet dataset having 29 hand gestures with 26 alphabets and 3 words are used to train and test the hand gesture recognition framework. The proposed model can perceive hand movements captured through a camera in real-time into visual display. The intent is realized by databases with the help of two groups namely Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Feedforward Neural Networks (FNN) to identify the more relevant Movement Hand Images (MHI). The sample size is estimated as 20 using G Power. Results and Discussion: Test results exhibited the prediction accuracy of the model with FFN (83%) and CNN (70%). There exists a statistical significant difference among the study groups with significance value (p<0.05). Conclusion: Hand gesture Recognition framework with FFN delivered better results compared to CNN in terms of performance measures, less data loss, and accuracy in recognizing hand gestures.
Similarity Learning-Based Supervised Discrete Hash Signature Scheme for Authentication of Smart Home Scenario
Authors: Jeyanthi N , Sudha K Swapna
Published: April 2022

Smart home technology is one of the significant emerging applications in the Internet of Things that facilitates the user to control home devices in the remote manner. In this context, investigating and addressing IoT security issues is highly challenging as the operating strategies of IoT application differs due to their heterogeneity characteristics. At this juncture, an authentication mechanism with anonymity and efficiency is necessary for facilitating secure communication in the smart home scenario, since the user or home communication channels are generally determined to be highly insecure. In this paper, Similarity Learning-Based Supervised Discrete Hash Signature Scheme (SLSDHS) is proposed for achieving secure user during the process of smart home authentication. It leverages the mutual association between possible semantic labels in order to learn maximized more stable hash codes, which is a predominant improvement over the traditional hash code approaches. The communication overhead and computation overhead of the proposed SLSDHS is identified to be considerably minimized compared to the benchmarked schemes used for comparison. The security analysis of the proposed SLSDHS scheme evaluated using informal analysis, formal analysis, and AVIPSA tool-based model checks confirmed its predominance with respect to automated testing of internet security protocols.
A Robust and Integrated to Detect Online Sales Customer Loyalties Using Novel Constraint Based K-Means Clustering Algorithm Comparing with General Sequential Pattern Method
Authors: Sree Kurapati kavya , Ashok kumar S.
Published: April 2022

Aim: The aim is to improve and develop the loyalty of the customer identification using constraint based k-means clustering algorithm. Materials and Methods: K-Means clustering algorithm are compared with general sequential pattern algorithm are used to classify robust integrated detection. To achieve maximum accuracy with a K-Means sample size =10 and general sequential pattern sample size=10 was iterated 20 times for accurate outcome. Result and discussion: In this performance of score model validated test accuracy with 85% confidence detecting of online sales customer loyalties by k-mean sequential algorithm, which has accuracy 76% and a G power of 80% and threshold 0.05%, CI 95% mean, and standard deviation. Conclusion: The proposed algorithm K-means has high accuracy than general sequence algorithm for the selected datasets.
A New Framework for Loan Defaulter System Using Support Vector Machine Over a Conditional Random Field Algorithm for a Banker
Authors: Kumar K. Kalyan , Ramakrishnan V
Published: April 2022

The aim of the study is to predict loan defaulters case in the banking system in order to detect loan defaulters using a novel machine learning method. Here we are using some two algorithms. Materials and Methods: Datasets are downloaded from the kaggle website to train using Novel Support Vector algorithms by applying in 346 records having 10 attributes sample size =250. The model is to analyze and predict the loan defaulters using Support Vector Machine and Random Field algorithm. Results and Discussion: The data was split into training and test datasets. The Random Field algorithm has shown accuracyhas (0.58) with (p<0.05) Conclusion: When compared to the Random Field algorithm (RFA) and Novel Support Vector Machine (SVM) has given best accuracy in predicting loan defaulters' cases using the dataset.
Metaheuristic Techniques for Classification Used in Identification of Plant Diseases
Authors: Bala Madhu , Mehan Vineet
Published: April 2022

Agriculture plays an important role in the economic development of a country. If proper care is given to the growth of crops, it returns to the efforts put in by farmers throughout the year. However, since past few years it is observed that the quality and production of crops are degrading due to the diseases caused by some biotic and abiotic agents. It is deemed necessary to detect crop diseases in time. Conventional methods of identifying a crop disease require a dedicated individual or an expert who can manually detect such diseases. But it is very time consuming process and increases the cost too. Here arises the need to develop automated systems that cannot only detect the plant diseases but saves time and cost. This manuscript will reflect the comparative analysis of classification techniques in terms of accuracies and will help the researchers to identify best practices for their research so as to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of diseases detection systems being developed.
Accuracy Analysis of Data Fraud Detection for Company Transactions Using Two-Layered Feed Forward Neural Network Approach Compared with Random Forest
Authors: B Dheeraj Kumar , A Gayathri
Published: April 2022

Aim: To find accuracy of data fraud detection for company transactions using two-layered feed forward Neural Network approaches compared with Random Forest. Materials and methods: Number of groups is 2. Group 1 - Two-layered feed forward Neural Network, and Group 2 - Random Forest. Results: The accuracy of the innovative feed forward Neural Network method is 83.4% and Random Forest is 85.5%. The accuracy of the Random Forest algorithm appears to be a slight increase. Conclusion: Random Forest algorithm finds the fraud detection appearance to be better accuracy than the feed forward Neural Network.
An IoT-Based Health Monitoring System
Authors: Rajagopal Sivakumar , Mehta Sujal
Published: April 2022

Healthcare is a very emerging field nowadays. Wireless sensing and automation are what make a system more reliable and special in the healthcare field. Therefore, the Internet of Things is continuously becoming the stronger part of wireless sensing and monitoring healthcare technologies. Regular monitoring of the heartbeat, SpO2, and body temperature will keep the person aware of his/her health. This system will be working to overcome these three challenges, which include pulse rate, SpO2, and body temperature. Pulse rate and SpO2 will be measured using a pulse sensor and temperature will be measured using a non-contact temperature sensor. This IoT based health monitoring system will display the body temperature, pulse rate, SpO2, and manually assigned user ID of a person (detected using RFID tag) on a server and at the same time, it will also update this information on the cloud using ThingSpeak.
Ethnic Food - A Solution with Sustainable Food Resources: A Study on Consumer Awareness of Ethnic Food and Its Impact on Consumption Attitude
Authors: Fukey Leena N , Reddy N Sahana , Wankhar Varynia
Published: April 2022

Food has seen numerous transformations over the centuries and has been a focus of study pertaining to culture and evolution. Besides being a celebration of diversity and a marker of human adaptations, food is also a broad knowledge domain that represents various geographic, cultural, and lifestyle outlooks. Ethnic food relates to a heritage or the culture of an ethnic group with them incorporating the local produce and animal sources into their diet. Ethnic food also has a sustainability aspect to it in terms of food miles and carbon emissions since more transportation involved means higher level of GHG released, economic aspect such as with composition changes and food security, and community relationship. This paper finds that when consumer awareness of ethnic food increases, the consumption attitude towards it does too. This could be of importance in policy implementation and identifying sustainability systems. A connection with the land and a community relationship involving food could help represent more ethnic food, to increase awareness on a global level and also allow more people to experience these vast cultural diversities. If understood well and implemented, ethnic food could be of use as a tourism brochure, sustainability driver, economical promoter, and community supporter.
Study of Structural, Electronic and Thermoelectric Properties of ZrP2 monolayer
Authors: Khosa Gurpal Singh , Gupta Shuchi , Kumar Ranjan
Published: April 2022

The structural, electronic and thermoelectric properties of ZrP2 monolayer is studied using density functional theory and Boltzmann transport theory. The electronic band structure calculations demonstrate that this monolayer is a direct band gap semiconductor (Eg= 0.78 eV). The ZrP2 monolayer has hexagonal lattice structure, having a lattice constant 3.04 Å. The energetic, mechanical and dynamic stability of the ZrP2 monolayer is checked and it is found to be stable. The transport coefficients are calculated using Boltztrap code. The lattice thermal conductivity is calculated using Slack’s equation and found to be very low at room temperature. High value of power factor and low value of thermal conductivity play an essential role in boosting the thermoelectric efficiency of the ZrP2 monolayer. The n-type (p-type) monolayerhas a ZT value of 0.78 (1.12) at 500 K. The ZrP2 monolayer is an ideal candidate to be used in the manufacturing of thermoelectric devices.
Groundwater Management in Chennai
Authors: B Krisnakumari , R M Narayanan , Latha A , K Sharankumar
Published: April 2022

Water is perhaps the maximum treasured asset on earth. Indians have traditionally considered it as one of the five basic factors of nature. Freshwater is vital for human survival and rain is an important source on earth. The rainfall that is trapped in floor and groundwater resources is all that is to be had for human consumption. That is why Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) is so vital. RWH isn't an option or an alternative, but the handiest manner to maintain floor and groundwater sources and is relevant in each rural and urban area. There are two critical components of RWH: the gathering of rainwater for fast use and the herbal or synthetic recharge into the soil for sustaining and enhancing groundwater sources. In rural areas, where big quantities of open space are available, RWH is largely the gathering of rainwater in-floor water bodies, which includes ponds, lakes, and irrigation tanks. That is the first aspect of RWH. Due to the shrinking of open spaces in cities and different urban areas, however, RWH is predominantly used there to artificially recharge aquifers to sustain overexploited groundwater resources.
Urban Materiality and Social Change: Mapping the Urban Reality in Mahesh Dattani’s the Big Fat City
Authors: Saraswat Surbhi
Published: April 2022

Mahesh Dattani’s The Big Fat City (2014) is a representative work of contemporary Indian English Drama that explores the changing mindscape due to urban conditions. This paper is an attempt to evaluate the performance and performativity of the urban inhabitants and their consequential transformation. The paper explores the play at the cross-section of performance studies and urban theory to highlight the influence of ever evolving and fast paced life of city on its inmates with high aspirations, who gradually get stuck in the labyrinthine life with its compulsions. City as a social force works as an organic entity and presents an ambivalent vision of human relationship. Whenever characters fail in realising the pulse beat of time and the changing social system, they meet their predicament that ends in miseries and sufferings. Keywords: Urban Materiality, City Space, Performance Studies, Contemporary Indian English Drama, Mindscape
A Short Text Clustering Approaches in Social Media
Authors: Vinoth D , Prabhavathy P
Published: April 2022

In general, handling bag-of-words representation or TF-IDF is an arduous task with short text clustering as it results in sparse vector representation mainly for short texts. This paper provides an in-depth study on learning predictor features through an auto encoder model and sentence embedding technique. Assignment of user from any clustering technique as a process of supervision in order to update the weight of the encoder analysis. Short text related datasets validate of measure effective methods and algorithms for short text unsupervised data. Among this short text are not able to clustering in some social media. This paper discusses the challenge and methods to cluster in social media short text challenging issues. Clustering methods of algorithms to sort the problem to recovery the short text using K-means algorithms of Convolution Neural Network method. This paper provides a comprehensive review of short text prediction using the clustering algorithm, explore the research challenges, and open issues in this area.
Novel Technique for Segmentation and Identification of Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Images Using GMM and Compare Accuracy with SVM
Authors: Reddy Sreekanth , G Ramkumar
Published: April 2022

The main objective of this work is to detect blood vessel segmentation of diabetic retinopathy in low-resolution retinal images using two machine learning algorithms and perform accuracy comparison. Materials and methods: Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are implemented to detect and segment the blood vessel in retinal images dataset with 40 samples (20 per group). Results: From the MATLAB simulation result, GMM classified the image with better accuracy of 95% compared to SVM classifier accuracy 89%, attained a significant accuracy ratio (p=0.020) in statistical analysis. Conclusion: GMM provides better accuracy compared to SVM classifiers in segmentation and detection.
Comprehensive Review on Video Watermarking Security Threats, Challenges, and Its Applications
Authors: Joseph Irene , Mandala Jyothi
Published: April 2022

Data is a crucial resource for every business, and it must be protected both during storage and transmission. One efficient way of securing data and transferring it is through digital watermarking, where data is hidden inside a medium like text, audio, or video. Video watermarking is visible or invisible embedded data on a video in a logo, text, or video copyright disclaimer. In this proposed paper, the goal is to analyze the characteristics of video watermarking algorithms and the different metrics used for them. It deals with the extent to which the different requirements can be fulfilled, taking into consideration the conflicts between them and the practical challenges of video watermarking in terms of attacks like geometric attacks and non-geometric attacks. It also focuses on the process of watermarking a video. Recent advances in data security indicate that employing a video watermarking technology to transmit private data will be an effective method of transmitting sensitive data.
Synthesis of Semiconductor Nanosized Composite Photocatalyst
Authors: Hutsul Khrystyna
Published: April 2022

Every day, composites become an important part of modern functional materials not only due to their complex structure, but also unique new properties. Nanoarchitectonics is a new field that concerns the design and transformation of nanostructures into functional materials at the nanoscale level [1-3]. A composite material is a combination of two or more materials that provides better properties than its individual components [4-5].This paper presents the results of the synthesis of the TiO2-ZnO nanocomposite, as well as the experimental results of the study of some of its properties. The method of precipitation using a reducing agent with intermediate precipitation of zinc hydroxides on the surface of industrial titanium (IV) oxide and their subsequent heat treatment was used for the synthesis of TiO2-ZnO (1:3).The obtained SEM image is presented in Fig and shows that the particles of the synthesized TiO2-ZnO composite have the shape of flakes, which are easily agglomerated into aggregates of complex shapes and different sizes. The electronic image also shows that the individual separated particles have the size which is less than 0.1μm (100 nm), i.e. are in the nanometer range.In order to determine the optical band gap, the obtained TiO2-ZnO nanocomposite powder was dispersed in distilled water by ultrasound to form a suspension, for which the absorption spectrum was then taken. The obtained data were calculated using the Kubelkа-Munch formula and constructed the dependence. Іt can be stated from the data presented that the optical band gap of the obtained powder is ~2.4 eV.
Analysis and Evaluation of Probiotic (Lactococcus) Based Feed Supplements to Improve the Growth and Immune Related Responses of Rohu Fishes
Authors: R Preethi , S Thanigaivel
Published: April 2022

Aim: The use of probiotics was studied to encapsulate them into the commercial feed to improve the quality of the fish feeds. Materials and Methods: The immunological parameter, growth parameter was tested against commercial feed formulation. The growth kinetics probiotic was tested against bacteria. Sample size calculation was done by clinical.com. The sample size is (N=88). Results: The experimental rohu fish weight gain appears to be significant (p<0.001). The immunological parameters of Haemoglobin and lysozyme appear to be significant (p<0.038). The Haematocrit activity found to be significant (p<0.001). The CFU and growth kinetics of bacteria challenge with probiotics shows the partial significance results (p<0.023, p<0.010) in (dil_20, dil_30)µl. The CFU increases with increasing concentration in the conc of (20, 30, 40, 50, 60)µl. Conclusion: The animals were treated with an effective formulation of feed supplements to improve the disease resistance wisely to immunological parameters, such as Haemoglobin, Lysozyme,and Haematocrit.
A Novel Approach of Text to Audio Conversion for Blindly Disable Using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Basha Mudasar , Soujanya C , Lakshmi Satya B
Published: April 2022

One of the most difficult tasks for visually impaired people is reading. Blind persons may now recognise boundaries, read labels or certain currencies, and even read written, typed, or printed information, thanks to a technology developed by a group of academics. In this work, an assistance system is designed for blind persons who are visually challenged by using Raspberry Pi as a 32-bit micro controller that utilizes the character recognition technology for image to audio conversion; this work proposes a more effective solution. A camera is the heart of the system, serving as the primary vision for identifying product reports, bills, bank account information, menu boards, school handouts, product packaging, and medication bottle directions. The proposed technique consists of four major steps: i) object identification, ii) text localization, iii) text extraction, iv) text to speech conversion. An optical character recognition (OCR) after recognizing printed text with a technique, the image is digitally processed to extract the label with the use of an open CV library. After the Region of Interest is extracted from the congested backdrop, the text localization technique is utilized to find and extract the text. The ROI's text is retrieved and converted into speech. For training the words independently, a convolutional recurrent neural network technique is proposed.
Prediction of Temperature for Next Three Days Using Decision Tree Algorithm by Comparing Sliding Window Algorithm for Better Accuracy
Authors: reddy. G Yaswanth , Saravanan M.S
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study is to predict the temperature for the next three days using a machine learning algorithm and the objective of this research is to improve the accuracy of temperature prediction. Materials and methods: The study used 36 samples with two groups of algorithms with the g-power value of 80%. To predict the temperature, the Sliding Window Algorithm (SLA) machine learning algorithm has found 89% of accuracy and this study will find better accuracy for temperature prediction with the Decision Tree (DT) algorithm. Results: This research study found 92% of accuracy for temperature prediction using a DT algorithm. Conclusion: This study concludes that the DT algorithm on temperature prediction is significantly better than the SLA.
Automatic Classification of Normal and Infected Blood Cells for Leukemia Through Color Based Segmentation Technique Over Innovative CNN Algorithm and Comparing the Error Rate with RNN
Authors: P Suma , R Senthil Kumar
Published: April 2022

To classify the normal infected blood cells through color-based segmentation for leukemia by comparing the error rate for the innovative Convolutional Neural Network and Recurrent Neural Network algorithm. Materials and Methods: Convolutional Neural Network algorithm, which has been taken as an input image and differentiating according to the properties of the image. Here the white blood cells acted as the major parameter for detecting the disease. Result: Data collection was carried out and the analysis could have been done by using blood cell sample images to detect the result and error rate of a particular algorithm. Here in this proposed work, the error rate was reduced in innovative Convolutional Neural Networks compared to Recurrent Neural Networks. Conclusion: The data was collected from various resources for the usage of disease detection. The reduced error rate for the Convolutional Neural Network (87.02%) was used as an algorithm for the whole disease detection process for reduced error rate results compared to the Recurrent Neural Network (89.42%).
A Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation in Matlab
Authors: Amin Fatima Mohammad , Rajagopal Sivakumar
Published: April 2022

Angiography is an imaging procedure that employs X-rays to examine the blood arteries in the patient’s body. This test is used to look for narrow, obstructed, swollen, deformed arteries or veins in the brain, heart, abdomen, and legs, among other places. By gathering this information, doctors can assess what treatment is best for the patient and how much danger the patient's cardiac issue poses to their health. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Angiography is one of the most regularly utilized imaging procedures for identifying cardiovascular disease. The need for a Matlab based decision making system arises in angiography to analyze various parts of the body in a quicker and easier fashion. It reduces the manual effort put in by the doctor, with the advantage of giving out results in a matter of few seconds.
Pharmacognostic Study and Establishment of Quality Parameters of Quisqualis indica Linn. Leaves
Authors: Nemade Charulata Tushar , Aher Anilkumar N
Published: April 2022

Plants contain phytochemicals that can promote health and improve illness. Herbal drugs frequently fail to meet this standard, due to lack of scientific data to identify the plant. Thus, this study sets pharmacognostic characters of the Quisqualis indica leaves which will help for its identification and detection of adulteration/substitution. The quantitative microscopy leaf constants, length and width of trichomes, diameter of parenchyma cells, and calcium oxalate crystals were also analyzed. The physicochemical evaluation, for example ash value, extractive value, moisture content (LOD), etc. were performed. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of petroleum ether (60-80°C), chloroform, and ethanol discovered the occurrence of the phytoconstituents, for example alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, steroids, tannins, phenolic compounds, etc. Fluorescence behavior of these extracts and leaf powder was also studied in different solvents and reagents. This information may act as reference information and help in identification, authentication, and investigation of the plant material.
Simulation and Comparison of Capacitance – Voltage Characteristics for Boron Nitride (BN) and Tungsten Disulfide (WS2) Nanotubes as Gate Dielectrics Based Nano MOS Capacitor
Authors: M Manoj , Chelliah Cyril Robinson Azariah John
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the design, simulation, and comparison of capacitance-voltage (CV) characteristics for the boron nitride (BN) nanotubes and tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanotubes as gate dielectrics based MOS capacitor. The stack capacitances, flat band voltage, and threshold voltage of these devices were obtained for varying temperatures between 100 K to 500 K. Materials and methods: The two MOS capacitors structured as Au/BN/nSi and Au/WS2/nSi. These devices are designed and simulated using a multi dielectric energy band diagram tool. The sample size for the two MOS structures have been done and a total of 42 samples collected. The stack capacitances and gate charges for voltage ranging between -5 V to +5V were obtained, tabulated, and plotted.
Evaluation of Thermal Behavior and Properties of Carbon Dots Prepared by Green Synthesis
Authors: Yadav Rajnee , Lahariya Vikas , Bansal Vikas
Published: April 2022

Carbon quantum dots are highly fluorescent, non-toxic, thermally stable, and water-soluble novel carbon nanomaterials. The dominance of quantum behavior has drawn scientists’ interest due to their good biocompatibility, low toxicity, high physicochemical and photochemical stability, and ease of synthesis. Carbon dots have shown applications in optoelectronics, photovoltaics, photocatalyst, biomedical such as biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and detection for heavy metal ions in food and water samples. In this paper, we reported the microwave-assisted green synthesis of carbon dots using sweet lime as a carbon source and ethyl diamine as the surface passivating agent. The change in the optical and thermal properties are studied and analyzed with a change in the concentration of EDA in carbon dots. Synthesized samples are characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering and Zeta potential particle sizer to analyze the effect of EDA concentration on the distribution of particle size in the samples and change in surface charge of as-prepared carbon dots. The optical parameters are studied with UV- Visible absorption spectroscopy. Composition and molecular bonding are confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Thermal behavior and kinematics are studied by simultaneous Thermogravimetric Analyzer and Differential Scanning Calorimetry.
Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Studies: Rheological Stability, Incorporation of Gluten Free, and Bioactive Compound as an Intermediate Ingredient in Health-Related Products
Authors: Zainol Noorazwani , Mohamed Noor Norhayati , Abang Zaidel Dayang Norulfairuz , Mat Taher Zarani , Mohamed Muna , Sadek Norasiah
Published: April 2022

The rise in health awareness raises the demand on safe, cheaper, convenience, and health-related products. Breadfruit is packed with nutrients, high in resistant starch, low glycemic, as well as possesses promising functional properties. In addition, it contains abundance of phytochemicals extract containing bioactive compounds which offer therapeutic properties. Breadfruit flour also was found to have a high level of preferential by the consumers. Hence, due to its huge potential and beneficial properties, breadfruit can serve as an intermediate ingredient in health-related products with a low cost. Breadfruit is categorized as underutilized fruit. Therefore, it is amongst the potential fruits which can be maximally utilized through continuous and innovative developments. Development of health-related products include both oral and topical application. However in this review, it limits to the incorporation of breadfruit gluten free flour in bakery and pasta food products. For topical application it will focus on the incorporation of breadfruit bioactive compound in cosmetic products. These bioactive compounds offer antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties.
Model Predictive Control of PMSM Motor Drive for Electric Vehicle Applications with Space Vector Modulation
Authors: Jayakumar Vinoth , C Bharatiraja
Published: April 2022

The Multi-Level Inverters (MLI) are most predominantly used in industrial applications as they reduce dv/dt ratio, switching stress of the power semiconductor switches, etc. The industries are slowly shifting from three phase inverters to five phase inverters as they produce lower current per phase, less switching losses, low Common Mode Voltage (CMV), etc. The Space Vector Modulation (SVM) is one of the controlling techniques for driving the inverters which reduces the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and improves the dc link balancing. The switching vectors available for five phase Three Level (3L) Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) Inverter is 243 vectors, out of which 51 vectors are selected that produce zero CMV. The controlling of the inverter is done by Model Predictive Control (MPC) Technique in which the error is reduced. The performance of the inverter is evaluated through MATLAB Simulink.
Designing High-Performance Symmetric Supercapacitors from Waste Jute and Bio-Electrolyte
Authors: Shakil Ragib , Tarek Yeasin Arafat , Kumar Roy Chanchal , Chowdury Al-Nakib
Published: April 2022

The performance of porous carbon (PC)-based supercapacitor especially the energy density for the most part is dependent on its electrolytic system. Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) is the most studied neutral aqueous electrolyte system studied so far for the PC-based electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC). But the theoretical value for the working potential of Na2SO4 is limited to only 1.23 V, and hence it limits the energy density of the storage system. Here, we are reporting the fabrication of a supercapacitor electrode derived from waste jute using the bio- electrolyte sodium acetate (SA) as an alternative to the Na2SO4 electrolyte. Due to its unique physicochemical properties, the 0.5 M SA electrolyte could successively be able to expand (0.5 V) the working potential of the fabricated supercapacitor. Thus, the system achieved almost four times higher energy density when using SA electrolyte instead of Na2SO4. The SA electrolyte-based EDLC showed an outstanding specific capacitance of 213 Fg-1 at 1 Ag-1 current density were retaining 92% capacitance even after 10,000 cycles.
Population Genetic Structure of Ornatus Spiny Lobster (Panulirus Ornatus) in Indo-West Pacific Region
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Nhon Thanh , Tran Sang Quang , Truong Oanh Thi , Pham Hanh Thi , Hua An Thai , Duong Sang Van , Binh Dang Thuy
Published: April 2022

Panulinus ornatus is among the widest distributed spiny lobsters, the high-value seafood, and the major cultured species in several Indo-West Pacific countries. Five microsatellite markers were applied to investigate diversity, genetic differentiation, and population structure of ornate spiny lobster in Vietnam (VN), Australia (AU), and Sri Lanka (SR). P. ornatus population in AU exhibited highest genetic diversity, and SR population was the lowest one (number of effective allele; observed/expected heterozygous are 7.091±1.53; 0.787±0.11/0.819±0.05 and 6.568±1.88; 0.620±0.12/0.782±0.07, respectively). The FST value (0.006-0.012; P≤0.01) and DAPC analysis (BIC value =3) showed the disconnectivity between the three populations, while AMOVA test and clustering structure analysis showed low significant difference. Directional migration relative rates suggest that Vietnam population may act as a source for surrounding populations in the Indo-West Pacific. The present study provides data on the genetic characteristics and population structure of P. ornatus in the Indo-West Pacific.
Chemistry and Applications of Organosilanes – An Overview
Authors: B Indumathy , Gunasekhar R , Sathiyanathan P , Arun Anand Prabu
Published: April 2022

Organofunctional silanes are hybrid materials of silanes having attracted greater attention since the last decade owing to its versatile properties and wide range of applications. In this review, we have summarized the types of organosilanes (RnSiX4-n), their reactions, and applications. Organosilanes usually have two reactive groups, organofunctional groups and hydrolyzable alkoxy groups, which undergo hydrolysis and condensation. Silanols (Si-OH) and siloxane (Si-O-Si) structures are formed by hydrolysis and condensation reactions, respectively. In general, organosilanes acts as excellent binding agent due to its bridging capacity through (Si-O-Si) bond linkage with metal surfaces. From the extensive literature survey carried out, we understand that the silanes are synthesized without comprehending the reaction kinetics mechanism. In the past few decades, significant advances were witnessed in the development of various organofunctional silanes, which were used in a wide range of research areas based on its bifunctional characteristics.
Comparative Study on Thermal Properties of 3D Printed and Conventional Fins
Authors: Mohta Kaustubh Anand , Madhavadas Vaishnav , Das Dibyarup , Johnson Nevan Nicholas , Prabu S. Senthur
Published: April 2022

Fins are a type of heat exchanger that is attached to a part of the product and is mainly used to enhance the heat transfer rates. Fins are generally manufactured using conventional manufacturing (CM) methods such as extrusion, die casting, and forging. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a modern manufacturing technique that is one of the emerging methods to manufacture metallic components such as fins. Some of the advantages of using AM is that it is much more cost-efficient, reduces a lot of material wastage than CM methods, as well as more time-efficient. The AM process, which will be used for the manufacture of fins, is either Directed Energy Deposition (DED) or Powder Bed Fusion (PBF). AM printed fins can even be used in applications that require components to operate at very high temperatures. In this research paper, the effect on heat transfer rates of the fins manufactured using different AM techniques is carried. Furthermore, an analysis of the thermal properties and heat transfer rates of multiple 3D printable materials will be conducted using the ANSYS Workbench Mechanical 2018 software. These will then be compared with fins manufactured with CM techniques. The expected research outcomes are that the fins manufactured using AM techniques will show better thermal properties than the CM method, and hence AM will be a great replacement for CM techniques given the introduction of more 3D printable materials in near future.
Security Concerns and Remedial Measures in MANETs Using Intrusion Detection
Authors: V Suresh Kumar , M Rajesh Khanna , R Saravanan
Published: April 2022

In this research paper, we discussed the guaranteed reliable communication between nodes by constructing the black hole attack free route in MANET. To achieve this, a Hybrid Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) technique has been proposed to detect and remove the black hole attack nodes in the routing path. In MANETs, a novel cluster leader election process has been proposed. This election process is based on the node with maximum energy level. One of the important functionality is security in MANET. Due to many different attacks in the routing path, MANET becomes unsecure. Understanding the form of attacks is always the main step towards the secured communication between mobile nodes. Routing protocols are significant to guarantee proper functioning of the path from source to destination nodes. This preserves the security of MANET from attacks.
A Polyvinyl Alcohol Coated Copper Foam Solid Phase Extractor for Determining Fipronil and Fipronil Sulfone
Authors: Choden Sonam , Kanatharana Proespichaya , Thavarungkul Panote , Thammakhet-Buranachai Chongdee
Published: April 2022

Fipronil is a member of phenylpyrazole insecticide, which was widely used in agriculture to kill pests [1-2]. It can also form metabolite, such as fipronil sulfone by oxidation process, which is more toxic than parent compound [3-4]. Fipronil sulfone can persist for longer duration, which can easily bind to lipid-rich matrices and get into food chain [5]. Its contamination in foods gained more concerned recently [6] and many agencies have restricted fipronil content in various food like vegetables, fruits, water, grains, edible oil, meat, eggs, etc. Fipronil could damage our liver, kidneys, and thyroid glands [6]. It is said that fipronil toxicity has no particular antidote and can be harmful to pregnant, weak, and old people [9]. Fipronil’s toxicity and risk to human health demands reliable and sensitive analytical method to monitor and reduce contamination. Many adsorbents previously used were commercially available and costly. Considering these limitations, a new sorbent can be developed with locally available materials, which could be more reliable, sensitive, or decrease matrix interferences for determining fipronil and fipronil sulfone. This research also emphasis on advancing a reliable and green approach technique for tracing fipronil (F) and fipronil sulfone (FSO). So, the sorbent will be developed by using eco-friendly, cheap, locally available, and stable materials.
A New Multi-Step Iterative Method for Solving Non-Linear Equations
Authors: Mylapalli Mani Sandeep Kumar , Palli Rajesh Kumar , Sri Ramadevi
Published: April 2022

The scope of this paper is to establish a new three-step sixth-order iterative method to find the root of non-linear equations. This paper came up with a further modification of Newton’s method with higher-order convergence and proved that this scheme is of the sixth order of convergence. Finally, we tested several problems to show the method’s efficiency over the existing ones.
Fe(II)-Based Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer Film as a Sensing Material for the Detection of Nitrite
Authors: Awal Abdul , Sarker Shifa , Mia Md , Hossain Md. Delwar , Ahammad A. J. Saleh
Published: April 2022

In this work, we report the synthesis of a mono metallic supramolecular polymer for constructing a new nonenzymatic electrochemical nitrite sensor. Metallo supramolecular polymer have been prepared by the complexation reaction of a ligand bearing terpyridine moieties [4′,4′′′′-(1,4 Phenylene) bis (2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine] with Fe(II) salts (Fe salt: Ligand-1:1) (polyFe). The polyFe was characterized with the UV/Vis titration and FTIR. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was used for fabricating ployFe_GCE via a drop casting method that was used for detecting nitrite through the oxidation process. The kinetics of the irreversible oxidation mechanism was studied using scan rate. Amperometry and CV techniques were used for studying the effectiveness of the polyFe_GCE for detecting nitrite at different concentrations. The polyFe_GCE was also used for interference, reproducibility, and stability study. We utilized the proposed sensor further for analyzing nitrite in tap water. The recovery obtained was satisfactory with relatively low value of standard deviation.
Epistemological Study of Urban Voids
Authors: Rana Aarti , Kumar Ambuj
Published: April 2022

Cities are running out of horizontal room for growing population. But when city cores are observed closely, there are always some areas which are not being used as they were intended. One can find such blank, unused, under used, void spaces even in cores of the city. Such spaces can be used for rejuvenation and revitalization of urban cores. The research paper compiles the issues generated by urban voids and strategies to solve those issues, as mentioned in previous researches.
Statistical Analysis of Simple Sequence Repeats in Genome Sequence: A Case of Acheta Domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
Authors: Homchan Somjit , Bhadola Pradeep , Gupta Yash Munnalal
Published: April 2022

Herein, we have described genome wide screening of microsatellites (Simple Sequence Repeats: SSRs) and their distribution in the Acheta domesticus genome using a custom python script. A total of 232,179 microsatellites were identified, in which trinucleotide repeats were found to be the most abundant repeats in the genome, representing 60 % of the total microsatellite, followed by dinucleotides, tetranucleotides, pentanucleotides, and hexanucleotides. Among trinucleotides, dinucleotides, and tetranucleotides, the most prevalent microsatellite motifs were AAT/ATT, TG/CA, and AAAT/ATTT, respectively. Notably, statistical analysis of the SSR repetition frequency distribution showed that SSR motifs that were repeated four times were the most recurrent. Additionally, the SSR length distribution showed that SSRs with a12 bp size were the most common. As a result, the statistical analysis of the SSR dataset in A. domesticus will be a useful resource for a better understanding of microsatellite distribution in crickets for evolutionary genetics.
Role of Nuclear Driving Potential to Probe Quasi-Fission Phenomena
Authors: Arora Divya , Sugathan Pullanhiotan
Published: April 2022

The role of entrance channel parameters, namely the target and projectile deformation, coulomb factor, and the mass asymmetry on the nuclear driving potential, are investigated. Distinct signature of mass drift is observed on the potential landscape across the studied reactions and within the reactions forming the same compound nucleus. The influence of nuclear shells is also reported. No significant structures on the potential energy surface are observed for multi-modal nature of fission. Thus, the driving potential can be employed as a useful probe to study quasi-fission or multi-modal nature of fission.
Antibacterial Study of LaAlO3:Dy3+: Bi3+ Nanoparticles Synthesized by Modified Combustion Technique
Authors: R Venkatesh , LS Reddy Yadav , G Nagaraju , Khosla Ajit , C Manjunatha
Published: April 2022

Environmental application for the rare earth dysprosium ion doped and bismuth ion codoped lanthanum aluminate nanomaterials were synthesized using modified combustion technique. Blend of sugar and of E-tirucalli latex extract were used as fuels for the combustion method. The prepared materials were characterized for their size and morphology by analytical techniques. The antibacterial activity of nanoparticles was evaluated against four bacterial by disc diffusion method. Significant activity was observed in 30 µg/ml against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Childhood Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (CHL): A Case Report
Authors: Gade Shubhada , Wasekar Rupali R. , Sayare Vaishnavi P.
Published: April 2022

Here we have chosen a case of Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL), which is exceedingly rare. When a full history was taken in this situation, it was revealed that the patient has no prior medical or surgical history. During the history taking it was revealed that the patient had been referred to AVBRH with a primary complaint of swelling over the right side of his neck for the past 10 months. Patient was well for 10 months before he developed a minor swelling over the right side of his neck, for which he referred to Sewagram Hospital. In Sewagram, biopsy was performed and it was determined that the patient had childhood Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (CHL), which was subsequently referred to the AVBRH Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha for further treatment. Clinical findings: Painless swelling of lymph nodes, fever, and weight loss. Diagnostic evaluation: Blood test: Haemoglobin-10.6gm% (13-15.5gm%), total WBC-8000/cu.mm (4000-11000/cu.mm), total RBC-4.18 million/cu.mm (4.5-6 million/cu.mm), total platelet-3.58 lacs/cu.mm (1.5-4 lac/cu.mm), sodium level-140 (135-145mEq/L), potassium level-4.6mEq/L (3.5-4.8mEq/L), monocytes-4% (4-10%), granulocytes-75% (40-60%), lymphocytes- 20% (17-48%). Peripheral smear: Shows plenty of large multi-lobulated cells with prominent nucleoli which appear to be Reed Sternberg cells. Ultrasonography: Right cervical lymphadenopathy. Therapeutic intervention: Tab. PCM 500mg SOS, Tab. Levocetrixine 5 mg BD, syp. Zingvital. Outcome: After treatment, the child showed improvement. His swelling on the right side neck and fever were relieved and his weight increased by 2 kg.
Correlation Between Antioxidant Property and Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Azadirachta indica A Juss Flowers
Authors: Mohanasundaram Palanivelmurugan , Mary Saral A
Published: April 2022

The present study investigated the antioxidant activity of shade dried neem flower powder extracts by DPPH, phospomolybdenum, and FRAP methods respectively. The antioxidant activity of different extracts of neem flower powder has been investigated. Among them, 80% hydroalcoholic extract displayed the highest scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 18 mg/L in phospomolybdenum assay, 29 mg/L in DPPH, 30 mg/L in FRAP assay. Whereas Pet. ether (PE) extract shows lowest antioxidant potential amongst them with the IC50 value of 76 mg/L in FRAP, 37 mg/L DPPH, 28 mg/L in phospomolybdenum assay. On examining the total phenolic and flavonoid content of extracts, 80% hydroalcoholic extract possesses the greatest phenolic content about 83.88 mg/L followed by methanol, acetone and PE about 62.05, 7.52, 3.56 mg/L respectively. The highest flavonoid content of 57.36 mg/L in 80% hydroalcoholic extract followed by methanol, acetone and PE about 20.56, 11.25, 1.56 mg/L respectively. The order of total phenolic and flavonoid content of extracts are found to be: 80% hydroalcoholic > methanol > acetone > pet. ether respectively. The correlation between the antioxidant and total phenolic and flavonoid content was calculated using Prism Pad software and observed at 95% confidence interval level. From the correlation graph, it is observed that there is a good correlation between antioxidant, total phenolic (phospomolybdenum assay, R2 – 0.702), and total flavonoid (DPPH assay, R2 – 0.665) content, and it is possible to suggest that total phenolic and flavonoid content of the plant extracts are the reason for the antioxidant activity.
Cellulose Production by Rhodococcus sp. MI 2 in a Low-Cost Medium Supplemented with Vegetable Extracts
Authors: Tanskul Somporn , Damthongsen Tassanaporn , Phanaphitakkul Singhaneit
Published: April 2022

At present the industrial production of bacterial cellulose is limited due to the high cost of carbon substrates used. This study aimed to screen a number of vegetable extracts that could be used instead of SH medium as substrates for cellulose production by Rhodococcus sp. MI 2. There were 3 (Cha-poo, Pak-Lheang, and sweet potato) out of 26 different vegetable preparations chosen as medium supplements. Rhodococcus sp. MI 2 gave the highest cellulose yield in a medium supplemented with Cha-poo (Piper sarmentosum Roxb.) extract. It was increased by about 3 folds compared with the initial conditions, and cost about one quarter of the optimum SH medium. In addition, the structure of cellulose produced by Rhodococcus sp. MI 2 in medium supplemented with Cha-poo extract observed by SEM was different from those produced in the medium supplemented with sweet potato extract.