bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents in Raw Cow Milk Samples from Selected Local Government Areas in Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Tobi Rasheed Jamiu , Salami John Tolulope , Audu Abdulrahman A.
Published: January 2024

The study assessed the concentration of copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn) and Iron (Fe) in cow milk samples (raw) got from selected Local Government Areas, Kano State namely; (Gwale (Sample Location A), Dala (Sample Location B) and Ungogo (Sample location C) within Kano state, Nigeria. Heavy metal determination was done according to standard produres. Heavy metal concentrations (Cu, Fe, Zn, and Pb) were assessed by the use of Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The content of Copper (Cu) in the sample of cow milk from the three Local Government (Gwale, Dala and Ungogo) were 0.0584 mgl-1, 0.0714 mgl-1 and 0.2604 mgl-1 respectively. The concentration of Zinc (Zn) in the raw cow milk samples from the three Local Government (Gwale, Dala and Ungogo) were 0.1336 mgl-1, 0.1148 mgl-1 and 0.1595 mgl-1 respectively. The levels of Iron (Fe) from the samples of cow milk (raw) from the selected Local Government areas (Gwale, Dala and Ungogo) were 0.7319 mgl-1, 0.6438 mgl-1 and 0.8709 mgl-1 respectively. The levels of Lead (Pb) from the selected Local Government areas (Gwale, Dala and Ungogo were 0.0350 mgl-1, 0.0390 mgl-1 and 0.4100 mgl-1 respectively. The result shows that the Fe and Pb concentrations in raw cow milk samples collected from all the three Local Government areas (Gwale, Dala and Ungogo) were all above the WHO permissible limits. However, the concentrations of Zn and Cu in the cow milk samples (raw) obtained from the area remained within the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit. Routine and further study is required to determine the heavy metals status in cow milk from other LGAs of the State to ascertain the safe levels of cow milk products to consumers in the area.
Menelisik Kisah dalam Al-Qur’an: Penafsiran Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Alquran
Authors: Larasati Oktafiani
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang nilai-nilai pendidikan islam dalam kisah-kisah yang ada dalam Alquran. Melalui analisis terhadap kisah-kisah tersebut diketahui bahwa pendidikan Islam   menekankan pada aspek akhlak, tauhid, dan pengembangan potensi individu. Selain itu dalam pendidikan Islam juga ditekankan pada pembentukan kepribadian yang bermoral dan bertanggungjawab serta pengembangan kemampuan untuk berpikir kritis dalam mencari ilmu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai pendidikan yang ada dalam kisah-kisah dalam Alquran. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan berbasis library reseach atau studi pustaka. Penelitian ini membahas tentang nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam yang terdapat dalam kisah-kisah Alquran dengan cara menganalisis kisah-kisah dalam Alquran. Kisah-kisah dalam Alquran yang peneliti temukan ada 3 nilai inti pendidikan Islam. Pertama, nilai keimanan dan ketakwaan, diungkap melalui kisah nabi Ibrahim dan nabi Musa yang menunjukkan betapa pentingnya ketaatan pada Allah dan kesetiaan pada keyakinan kepadaNya. Kedua nilai kejujuran dan keadilan ditunjukkan melalui kisah nabi Yunus dan nabi Yusuf. Kisah nabi Yunus dan nabi Yusuf menunjukkan betapa pentingnya untuk selalu jujur dan adil dalam segala tindakan. Ketiga, nilai kerja keras dan keberanian ditunjukkan melalui kisah nabi Ayyub dan nabi Ibrahim, dari kisah beliau berdua dapat diketahui betapa pentingnya untuk selalu berusaha keras dan berani dalam menghadapi segala cobaan.
The Role of Al-Quran Hadith Teachers in Increasing Qur’an Reading Interest During the Digital Age
Authors: Afriani Rahmi , Husarida Husarida , Habibi Muhammad Fadli , Thontawi M. , Wiratama Arif , Firdaus Heroza
Published: January 2024

In general, the purpose of this study was to analyze the role of Al-Quran Hadith teachers in increasing interest in reading the Al-Quran in the digital era at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Sarolangun. Specifically, this study aims to find out about: 1) To find out the role of Al-Quran Hadith teachers in increasing interest in reading the Al-Quran 2) To find out the success of Al-Quran Hadith teachers in increasing interest in reading in reading the Qur’an. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The data sources of this research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data are the Head of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Sarolangun, Al-Quran Hadith teachers and also class XI students. As for secondary data from this observation, books, articles, and reference searches that are relevant to research. The data collection method used is observation, interviews, and documentation. Data processing and analysis techniques were carried out through four stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the role of the Al-Quran Hadith teacher in increasing students' interest in reading the Al-Quran in class XI Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Sarolangun namely: The role of the Al-Quran Hadith teacher as educator, mentor, facilitator, motivator, and evaluator.
Dinamika Kepemimpinan Pendidikan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Unggulan Darul Mujtaba (MINDA)
Authors: Mubarak Fadhil , Larasati Oktafiani
Published: January 2024

This research aims to find out how management leadership works in the school environment. The research locus in this research is the Darul Mujtaba Unggulan Ibtidaiyah Madrasah (MINDA). The method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the qualitative data analysis model from Miles and Huberman. The research results show that Darul Mujtaba is an Islamic boarding school located in Kendalpayak village, Pakisaji subdistrict, Malang, East Java. This school was founded in 2022 to provide its students with formal Islamic education. Students learn the Koran using the UMMI method. Teachers use open modules in preparing learning activities in class. Literacy programs are carried out every day. However, even though it has various advantages, every educational institution certainly has disadvantages. The lack of leadership at Darul Mujtaba Madrasah Ibtidaiyah includes the lack of books in the library, the lack of a special room for the principal, 20% of the teaching staff have not graduated from Bachelor's degree, and the learning tools and technology have not been implemented optimally. Apart from that, another characteristic of Madrasah Unggul Darul Mujtaba Ibtidaiyah is its unique vision and mission. To achieve this vision, Madrasah Darul Mujtaba Unggulan Ibtidaiyah has indicators for achieving this vision, including the realization of noble morals; the realization of skilled and professional educators and education personnel; creating intelligent graduates.
Analisis Linguistik dalam Studi Tafsir Al-Qur’an Perspektif Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Husna Asmaul , Fikri Mumtazul
Published: January 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pendekatan kebahasaan yang digunakan dalam menafsirkan al-Qur'an dengan menyoroti hubungannya dengan pendidikan Islam. Bahasa dalam al-Qur'an diartikulasikan melalui dimensi-dimensi yang melibatkan: (1) Aspek Dunia; (2) Aspek Metafisik; (3) Aspek Adikodrati; (4) Aspek Ilahiyah; dan (5) Aspek Lintas Ruang-Waktu, yang semuanya memiliki relevansi dengan pendidikan agama Islam. Tulisan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan stusi pustaka dalam mengumpulkan, menganalisis, dan mensintesis informasi dari sumber-sumber yang relevan.Pendekatan pertama mencakup pemahaman kosa kata di setiap ayat sebagai upaya untuk memperkaya perbendaharaan bahasa dan pemahaman kebahasaan pembaca tafsir, yang menjadi bagian integral dari pendidikan keagamaan. Pendekatan kedua, yaitu pendekatan kontekstual, menitikberatkan pada pemahaman konteks pembaca (penafsir) teks al-Qur'an. Dalam konteks pendidikan Islam, aspek kontekstualitas menjadi penting karena mencerminkan latar belakang sosial historis di mana teks muncul dan diproduksi, yang dapat membentuk pemahaman keagamaan siswa. Kesimpulan dari pendekatan ini dapat dihubungkan dengan konteks pembaca (penafsir) dalam konteks pendidikan Islam, dengan mempertimbangkan pengalaman budaya, sejarah, dan sosial mereka. Gerakan pemahaman makna teks berlangsung dari bawah ke atas, dari praksis (konteks) menuju refleksi (teks), yang dapat memberikan kontribusi pada pengembangan pemahaman keagamaan yang lebih mendalam dalam konteks pendidikan Islam. Kelima macam konteks, yaitu pertama, “konteks sosio-kultural”, kedua, “konteks eksternal” (konteks pembicaraan), ketiga “konteks internal” (hubungan antarbagian teks), keempat, “konteks linguistik” (struktur dan hubungan antarkalimat), dan kelima, “konteks bacaan” (penakwilan), menjadi gerbang penting dalam menjelajahi makna teks al-Qur'an dalam konteks pendidikan Islam.
Socio-Religious Practices of the Ash-Syahadatain Congregation
Authors: Hadiyansyah Dhuha , Hunaida Wiwin Luqna , Bawarti Era
Published: January 2024

This qualitative research focuses on the description of how the social and religious practices of the congregation of the Asy-Syahadatain tarekat make them unique compared to other tarekat. Observation was conducted in Munjul Village and Asy-Syahadatain Mosque Panguragan-Cirebon. Data collection was supported by in-depth interviews with a number of informants. The research found that there are practices that characterise the congregation of this order, namely tawasulan, grave pilgrimage, kliwonan, nazhaman, and white clothes. All of these practices are considered as a form of suluk to get closer to the Creator. Meanwhile, the all-white clothing in every ritual is a reminder that eventually humans will finish with life and enter the barzakh carrying good deeds. The congregation believes that all the practices taught by the teachers and murshids are teachings that are connected to the Prophet Muhammad.
Efforts to Improve Learning Outcomes Elementary School Science Thematic Through Implementation of the Project Based Learning ( PjBL ) Learning Model
Authors: Makrumah
Published: January 2024

Research purposes This is increase results Study elementary science thematic through application of learning models Project Based Learning ( PjBL ) . Research methods is study action class with using II cycle . Study implemented at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) 1 Surabaya City for students class V. Data collection techniques using observation , questionnaires , and tests . Research data obtained _ analyzed use technique Miles and Huberman's data analysis includes data collection , data reduction , data presentation , and withdrawal conclusion / verification . Research result showing that a) Activity Study student during application of the PjBL model experience enhancement from katgorei Enough become very OK , b) Test results evaluation Study student experience enhancement after application of the PjBL model , with percentage completeness by 61% in cycle I increased to 88% in cycle II, and 3) Response student to application of learning models PjBL showing response positive . With so , in fact whole can concluded that explanation of learning models Project Based Learning ( PjBL ) can increase results Study elementary school science thematic
Cultural Interactions in the Medieval Subcaucasian Region: Historiographical and Art-historical Perspectives Vol. II. Approaches to Sacred Space(s) in Medieval Subcaucasian Cultures
Authors: Bacci Michele , Chitishvili Natalia , Grigoryan Gohar , Kaffenberger Thomas , Studer-Karlen Manuela , Šćepanović Vesna
Published: January 2024

Analyzing some of the most remarkable images, build-ings, and spaces in the Southern Caucasus between Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, this volume is an invitation to see Subcaucasian sacred spaces from the vantage point of their early devotees and beholders. These essays follow a series of case studies ranging from the division of space in churches to the liminal borders of these divisions, to pilgrimage dynamics, images, and liturgy. The authors of this volume investigate the ways in which different socio-cultural groups living in the Caucasian area interacted not only through their artistic and architectural projects, but also conceptually and intellectually through divergent theories and practices concerning living spaces, com-munal shared heritages, and the human as well as the supranatural spheres.
IN-VITRO STUDIES OF BETAMETHASONE/CYCLODEXTRIN INCLUSION COMPLEXES
Authors: Al-Sou'od Khaldoun , Al-Enazi Maram , Ghanem Raed , Abuflaha Rasha
Published: January 2024

The interaction of Betamethasone with different types of CDs was investigated. The effects of the types and concentration of CDs, as well as temperature on the inclusion behavior were also investigated. Different techniques were used in this investigation including PSD, DSC, SEM, 1H-NMR and MM. PSD results indicated
that the tendency of BMTZ to bind to CDs follows the order g-CD?a-CD<HP-b-CD<b-CD. This provides indications that size fit plays an important role on the inclusion complexation process. The thermodynamic parameters of the inclusion complexes under investigation were calculated. The negative entropy change indicated that conformational changes were the dominant compared to the release of water solubility for the CD cavity and these formed an ice-burg structure around the BMTZ. MM study revealed that the dominant driving force of the inclusion complexation is the electrostatic energy. The DSC and SEM confirmed the formation of inclusion complex in the solid state.
The Relationship Between Tolerance and Respond of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains Against Different Stress Treatments
Authors: Karaoglan Hatice aybuke , Ozcelik Filiz
Published: January 2024

This study evaluated the stress tolerance and stress responds of three indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains and one reference strain against temperature (45°C, 50°C, and 55°C) and ethanol (12 and 14%) stresses over time by assessing the yeast counts and intracellular trehalose content. The maximum decrease in the yeast counts was at 55°C and 14%, and also, 45°C and 14% caused highest intracellular trehalose content for all strains when each treatment evalulated among its variables (P < 0.05). The correlation between the trehalose content and Log N levels of the strains was significant with the correlation coefficient (r) 0.62 and 0.39 for strains 2 and 7 against temperature stress, also a strong and significant correlation was determined with r values for strains 2,7, 47 against ethanol stress, respectively (P < 0.05).
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMUM DRYING METHOD TO IMPROVE THE ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF THE JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE (HELIANTUS TUBEROSUS L.) DRYING PROCESS AND TO PRESERVE ITS QUALITY VALUES
Authors: Dursun S.K. , Aksüt Burcu , Tasova M.
Published: January 2024

The shortest drying time was determined in the microwave convective dryer at 720 W power and ethyl oleate pre-treated samples. The longest drying time was determined in the convective dryer at 50 ºC. Control samples dried in an convective dryer at 50 ºC preserved the chroma color property of fresh. The drying data was best estimated by the Midilli-Küçük model. It was determined that the effective diffusion values ??varied between 3.14x10-9-2.35x10-7 m2/s. The highest SMER (0.0344 kg/kWh) value was determined in ethyl oleate pre-treated samples dried at 720 W microwave power. The lowest SEC (29.07 kW/kg) value was determined in the ethyl oleate pre-treated samples dried in a microwave dryer at 720 W power. The highest evaporation energy (2.70 kWh) is in the convective dryer. The highest energy efficiency was calculated as 7.20% in the same drying process.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DRYING TECHNIQUES ON SOME BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF Polygonum sivasicum
Authors: Kahve Halil Ibrahim , Coklar Hacer , Akbulut Mehmet
Published: January 2024

Turkey has several endemic edible plant species having health benefits. Polygonum sivasicum is widely consumed as fresh or dried throughout the year by rural people in Sivas province. This study aimed to reveal the health benefits of P. sivasicum and to assess the effects of different drying methods on nutritional, phytochemical, and biological activities. P. sivasicum leaves were collected from Sivas province and dried freeze, oven, microwave, and shade treatments. For each sample, total phenolic content and profile, antioxidant activity, mineral analysis and antibacterial properties were investigated. The highest phenolic content and antioxidant activity were observed in freeze-dried samples (p<0.05). Rutin was detected as a major phenolic compound, followed by chlorogenic acid, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, ferulic acid, luteolin, and caffeic acid, respectively. The P. sivasicum leaves seem to be rich in potassium, phosphorus, and magnessium. P. sivasicum extracts showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and L. innocua depending on the extraction solvent. Freeze-drying methods can be used as a convenient drying method due to preserve the total phenolic content and individual phenolic compounds.
Consideraciones Sobre como Cerrar un Punto Clave
Authors: Ojea Guillermo
Published: January 2024

Este artículo comenta la problemática situación de cómo cerrar los puntos en un partido. Se presentan algunos ejemplos de momentos clave en un partido de tenis y se describen las conductas más habituales de los tenistas. Finalmente se sugieren algunas estrategias psicológicas y patrones de comportamientos adecuados para afrontar de forma eficiente este problema.
Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng của bệnh nhân sốt xuất huyết dengue điều trị nội trú tại một số bệnh viện Quân đội năm 2022
Authors: Cường Hoàng Xuân , Bình Đỗ Như , Sơn Vũ Tùng , Tiến Đào Đức , Yến Hoàng Thị , Thủy Võ Thị Bích
Published: January 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng của bệnh nhân sốt xuất huyết dengue được điều trị nội trú tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103 và Bệnh viện Quân y 175. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Áp dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, tiến cứu, trên 727 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán sốt xuất huyết dengue nhập viện và điều trị nội trú tại hai Bệnh viện Quân y 103 và Bệnh viện Quân y 175. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình mắc sốt xuất huyết 36,8 tuổi, tỷ lệ lệ SXH mức độ nặng 3,98%; tỷ lệ bệnh nhân bị sốc SXH 1,3%; tràn dịch các màng 15,5% tập trung chủ yếu nhóm tuổi từ 18 đến dưới 60; tỷ lệ giảm tiểu cầu khoảng 96,3%; Hematocrit tăng chiếm khoảng từ 30,1%; Tỷ lệ tăng GOT 88,2%; GPT 73,8%, bilirubin TT 17,4%; bilirubin TP 7,9%, tỷ lệ bất thường về albumin 27,3%; glucose 52,8%; ure và creatinin 16,8%; CRP 25,6%. Không có sự liên quan giữa mức độ nặng của sốt xuất huyết với tiền sử đã bị mắc các bệnh mạn tính. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ SXH mức độ nặng 3,98%; tỷ lệ bệnh nhân bị sốc sốt xuất huyết 1,3%; tràn dịch các màng 15,5%; tỷ lệ giảm tiểu cầu khoảng 96,3%; trên 80% bệnh nhân có tăng men gan, rối loạn chức năng thận 16,8%.
Nghiên cứu hiệu quả điều trị bệnh trứng cá thông thường mức độ vừa và nặng bằng isotretinoin kết hợp azithromycin
Authors: Long Mai Phi , Trở Châu Văn , Em Đặng Văn
Published: January 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả điều trị bệnh trứng cá thông thường mức độ vừa, nặng bằng isotretinoin kết hợp azithromycin. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Thử nghiệm lâm sàng, ngẫu nhiên có đối chứng. 80 bệnh nhân trứng cá thông thường mức độ vừa và nặng chia ngẫu nhiên vào 2 nhóm: Nhóm nghiên cứu: Uống isotretinoin 10mg (< 50kg: 1 viên/ngày, ≥ 50kg: 2 viên/ngày) trong 16 tuần kết hợp azithromycin 500mg uống 3viên/tuần, chia 3 lần cách ngày/tuần trong 8 tuần và nhóm đối chứng: Uống isotretinoin đơn thuần, liều và thời gian dùng như như nhóm nghiên cứu. Kết quả: Sau 04 tuần, kết quả điều trị ở nhóm nghiên cứu tốt hơn so với nhóm đối chứng có ý nghĩa thống kê, với p<0,05. Nhưng sau tuần thứ 8, 12 và 16, kết quả điều trị ở 2 nhóm là tương đương nhau, với đều p>0,05. Tỷ lệ bùng phát mụn trong 4 tuần đầu của nhóm đối chứng nhiều hơn nhóm nghiên cứu với p<0,05. Kết luận: Sử dụng kết hợp isotretinoin và azithromycin trong điều trị trứng cá thông thường mức độ vừa, nặng có đạt kết quả điều trị nhanh hơn so với isotretinoin đơn thuần trong 04 tuần đầu và giảm được sự bùng phát mụn trong 4 tuần đầu.
Đái tháo đường khởi phát ở tuổi trưởng thành của người trẻ do đột biến gen HNF1a: Trường hợp lâm sàng
Authors: Quỳnh Lưu Thuý , Thắng Lê Minh , Bảy Nguyễn Quang , Thảo Lưu Thị , Bình Hoàng Thị
Published: January 2024

Đái tháo đường khởi phát ở tuổi trưởng thành của người trẻ (Đái tháo đường thể MODY) là một dạng trong bệnh đái tháo đường đơn gen được đặc trưng bởi: Tuổi khởi phát trước 25 tuổi, không có tự kháng thể kháng tế bào beta đảo tụy, chức năng tế bào beta tụy được bảo tồn và gây ra do dột biến trên nhiễm sắc thể thường. HNF1a- MODY (MODY3) là dạng phổ biến nhất trong MODY và gây ra do đột biến di hợp tử gen HNF1a. Chúng tôi báo cáo một trường hợp lâm sàng bệnh nhân nữ 18 tuổi đã được chẩn đoán xác định MODY3 bằng xét nghiệm gen. Ngay tại thời điểm chẩn đoán, bệnh nhân đã có các biến chứng về mắt nặng nề bao gồm bong võng mạc cả hai bên. Các biện pháp điều trị bằng insulin, sulfonylurea, gliptin cũng như các can thiệp về mắt đối với bệnh nhân đã mang lại hiệu quả rõ rệt.
Development of Teaching Modules Containing Ethnoscience Material on Forms of Substances and Their Changes to Improve the Scientific Literacy of Elementary School Students
Authors: . Samsiah , . Sudarmin , Widiarti Nuni
Published: January 2024

This research was carried out based on the results of observations, teacher interviews in the process of teaching and learning activities, it was found that teachers had not used teaching modules containing ethnoscience, which had an impact on low scientific literacy and student learning outcomes. This research aimed to design a teaching module containing ethnoscience regarding the form of matter and its changes in class V of elementary school. The research method used is the research and Development (R&D) method with the 4D Development model (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate). This research was carried out at the Jebus 15 State Elementary School with small-scale tests in class VI with a total of 17 students and large-scale tests in class V with a total of 30 students. In addition to Developing teaching modules containing ethnoscience on material on the form of substances and their changes, this research purpose also to analyze the increase in effectiveness of using teaching modules containing ethnoscience on material on the forms of substances and their changes in increasing the scientific literacy of students being Developed. Data and collection techniques in this research include questionnaires, tests and documentation. This research instrument was carried out by first analyzing the results of trials on a small-scale including validity, reliability, level of difficulty and differentiability of questions. The data analysis technique used a prerequisite test and then an N-Gain test is carried out to determine the increase in students' scientific literacy abilities. The results of research on large-scale tests can be concluded that there was a significant increase in scientific literacy abilities from the application of teaching modules containing ethnoscience regarding the forms of substances and their changes. The results of the pre-test classical completeness test data analysis gained a score of 10% after implementing the teaching module containing ethnoscience material on the form of substances and the change increased to 90% in the Post-test score. The results of the increased N-Gain test gained an average N-Gain value of 0.71 in the high category.

Keywords: Teaching modules, Ethnoscience, Science Learning, Scientific literacy.
Geotechnical Properties of Sand-Asphalt for Use in Road Base Layer Instead of Conventional Materials
Authors: Ba Makhaly , Tine Ibrahima , Sall Oustasse Abdoulaye
Published: January 2024

The study of the geotechnical properties of sand-asphalt for use in road base layer instead of conventional materials, for low to moderate traffic volume, is based on standardized laboratory tests. Sand samples were taken from Kayar, Darou Alpha and Keur Morry (Thies region, Senegal). Identification tests (particle size distribution and sand equivalent) made it possible to select Kayar and Darou Alpha sands which have respective sand equivalent (ES) values of 92 % and 62 %. These values are higher than the minimum required (40 %), for sand-asphalt, with different 35/50 bitumen dosages. The results of the Hubbard-Field test carried out showed that Darou Alpha sands are suitable, with an optimum dosage of 7 % bitumen : the stability at 18 °C, at dry conditions, is 2 732 kg and is greater than the minimum required value of 2 300 kg; the immersion/compression ratio is 85 % and is greater than the minimum required limit of 75 %; water absorption reaches 5.4 % and remains below the maximum required limit of 7 %; the volumetric swelling is 2.6 % and is below the maximum required limit of 5 %. The compactness is 84 % and is acceptable because it exceeds the minimum required limit of 80 %. The sizing carried out with the Alizé©3 software gives deformation values lower than the permissible values. The pavement structure that is placed on a PF3 type platform is therefore correctly sized to support a traffic of 150 heavy vehicles per day for a service life of 15 years. This roadway structure, which is devoid of a foundation layer, includes a 23 cm thick sand-asphalt base layer on which rests a 5 cm thick asphalt concrete.

Keywords: sand-asphalt, Hubbard-Field test, Kayar, Darou Alpha, Keur Morry.
Study of the Sizing of a Drip Irrigation System by Solar Photovoltaic Pumping at the National School of Agriculture and Livestock of Tolo, Mamou, Republic of Guinea
Authors: SAKOUVOGUI Ansoumane , BARRY Saidou , CAMARA Yacouba
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Drip irrigation or localized irrigation, is the provision of water localized near the roots of plants, with reduced doses but at high frequencies. This work aims to design a drip irrigation system by photovoltaic pumping at the National School of Agriculture and Livestock (ENAE) of Tolo in Mamou for the irrigation of market gardening crops (onion, cabbage, tomato and eggplant).
Method: The approach followed for this study consists of: field investigation (choice of site, types of soil and crops, water needs); the sizing of system parameters (drip irrigation and photovoltaic solar pumping).
Results: The main results of the work are: Evapotranspiration (8 mm/d); crop water requirements (2.5 mm/day); watering duration (3 h/d); number of gutters (125); Length of the ramp (50m); ramp diameter (16 m); ramp spacing (40 cm); boom flow rate (5 l/h); daily water requirements (30 m3); HMT (26m); daily energy (3000 Wh/d); field power (1200 Wp), number of panels (12, type 100Wp); Regulator (60 A); inverter (1400 W); number of batteries (8); hydraulic power of the pump (125 W); installation diagram and estimated cost of creating the system (200150000 GNF).
Conclusion: The results of this study will serve as a basis for the creation of a drip irrigation system using photovoltaic pumping for market gardening in the agricultural plains of ENAE from Tolo to Mamou.

Keywords: Drip irrigation, market gardening, photovoltaic pumping.
A Study of Chintamani Maruthuvam Practices in Kanyakumari District
Authors: Mathy M. Chandra , Jeylani M. P. Abdul Kader
Published: January 2024

Background: Indigenous or folk medicine and traditional medicine both include aspects of traditional knowledge related to health. According to WHO, traditional medicine is the culmination of all knowledge, abilities, and procedures based on the theories, convictions, and experiences of Indigenous cultures. There are numerous traditional practitioners in India, particularly in the north east and southern regions. Traditional medicine is the age-old, cross-cultural tradition of medicine that is still used in modern society. One of the customs still practiced in the Kanyakumari district is the traditional CHINTAMANI MARUTHUVAM.
Methods: The study is a qualitative cross sectional observational study done over a period of 4 months. 7 Practitioners of Kanyakumari district practicing Chintamani Maruthuvam were questioned to explore the Traditional practice of Chintamani Maruthuvam and to know the various diagnostic methods and treatments.
Results: Important internal medicines used were Vida mai, Varmani kuliga, Prasava lehgyam, Uthratcha thylum, Urai mathirai, leaf extract for snake bite, Kaya sarvangam, Vida murivu karkam, Dysmenorrhea karkam. External medicines used were Nanjurinji Kuzhambu, Nanjurinji Kal, Vida murivu eye drops, Kaal aani kalimbu, Uthratcha thylum, Rasnathi chooranam, Anti-rabies medicine for cow and Vida kadi paste.
Conclusion: Chintamani Maruthuvam represents an age-old medicinal practice rooted in Kanyakumari district. This traditional approach employs various techniques, including varmam, kalari, and the use of external and internal medications. The remedies offered have proven effective in treating serious conditions like strokes, poisonings, snake bites, and skin diseases. As a result, this form of medicine is deemed invaluable and warrants further research and exploration.

Keywords: Chintamani maruthuvam, Traditional medicine, Varmam
GRAPH BASED METHODS TO DETECT NETWORK ATTACKS IN CYBER SECURITY
Authors: Kumar Mr. Pushpendra , Gouri Mohd Hyder
Published: January 2024

The advancement of 5G networks and AI technologies has introduced new cyber security challenges for wireless communication system. These challenges include potential vulnerabilities in network infrastructure, increased attack surface, and need for more sophisticated threat detection and mitigation strategies to protect sensitive data and privacy. Deep learning has certainly made strides in enhancing attack detection methods.
SENSORS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Authors: ji Sheeba , Kumar Mr. Anuj , Gouri Mohd Hyder
Published: January 2024

This abstract explores the pervasive influence of sensors and their applications in daily life. From the moment we wake up until we retire for the night, sensors silently and seamlessly assist us in various ways. In the morning, temperature sensors in our thermostats ensure a comfortable room temperature, while light sensors enhance our understanding of the physical world by allowing us to see in the dark. Light sensors are ubiquitous in our daily lives, shaping our interactions with the physical world and enhancing our understanding of it. Digital cameras' image sensors capture our priceless moments with breathtaking clarity, and light and motion sensors help create engaging gaming experiences. Security sensors also protect our houses by warning us of intruders and enabling facial recognition technology for smartphone unlocking. Sensors continue to find new uses as technology develops, from environmental monitoring to smart city infrastructure. While traffic sensors aid in the management of urban traffic, soil sensors in agricultural maximize irrigation. As sensors are coupled to machine learning algorithms through the Internet of Things (IoT), the future holds even more inventive uses. These abstract highlights the crucial role that sensors play in our daily lives, boosting convenience, safety, and effectiveness while also presenting countless opportunities across a wide range of fields. Our silent companions in experiencing a smarter, more connected world, sensors are more than simply tools. Our silent companions in experiencing a smarter, more connected world, sensors are more than simply tools.
COLOUR AND LIGHTING IN INTERIORS
Authors: GUPTA Dr. RITU , KAUR Dr. HARPINDER
Published: January 2024

Colour is an important element of art which when used in interiors can be the most fascinating tool to work with. It is the most fundamental and influential aspect of interior design. Colours can affect the mood of the room, can increase or decrease stress, can relax or energize a person, cause excitement or cheer up a tired person. Colours may be used to create illusions of space, luxury, warmth, or coolness. As colour is a source of pleasure to the majority of people, so everyone should try to have beautiful colour schemes in their homes. This will give them much joy and ward off dullness from their lives. The white light contains a full spectrum of colours. When light is passed through a prism, the white rays of sunlight are separated into the colours of the rainbow. These colours are violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red. All objects around us can absorb one or more of these colours. Rays that are not absorbed are reflected in the eyes. These rays when fall on the retina of the eye (the light-sensitive layer inside the eye) stimulate the optic nerve. This in turn produces the sensation of light and colours in the brain.
BUILDING SERVICES
Authors: U H Dr. ASHA JYOTHI
Published: January 2024

The strength and composition of the domestic wastewater varies based on the time of the day, activities, and season. The waste depends upon the living style of the inmates, the quantity of water consumption, eating habits, and the standard of living. The waste water called grey water is categorized with a musty smell and content of solid matter. The solid matter is a mixture of grease, oil, food remains, soaps, salts, feces, detergents, metals, sand, and grit. The solid may be suspended or dissolved consisting of chemical and biological processes. The suspended solid can lead to sludge formation which can get deposited leading to anaerobic conditions in the sewage chamber.
INDOOR AIR QUALITY
Authors: RATHORE Dr. HEMU , SINGH Dr. SUMAN
Published: January 2024

Indoor Air Quality refers to the good and bad effects of thecontents of air inside a structure on itsoccupants.Good Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has no unwanted gases or particles in it at concentrations that will adversely affect someone.Poor indoor air quality has gases or particles in excessive concentration to affect the satisfaction or health of occupants. Indoor pollutant concentrations may be higher or lower than outdoor air concentrations. Outdoor contaminantsmay be present indoors at a sufficient concentration to affect the occupants, for example, pollen and mould spouse from outdoors causes fever and allergies indoors.The contaminant indoor air could damage peoples’ health indoor air pollutants are among the top 5 environmental riskspeople spend about 90% of their time indoors so the health problems that result from exposure to indoor pollution increaseaccording to the World Health Organization approximately 30% of all commercial buildings have significant indoor air quality problems.
Integration of legislation on countering tax crimes in the EU: opportunities and limitations
Authors: Bachurin D. G.
Published: January 2024

The subject. The article examines the norms of the current tax and criminal legislation of the EU, the experience of which in the future may be in demand in the process of integrating the legal regulation systems of the EAEU states when developing issues of countering tax crimes. The subject of the article is to analyze the problems of: methodology of tax crime research in the EU and data sampling criteria; integration of national tax systems; definition of tax crime in the EU; spread of VAT fraud.

Modern law enforcement practice is analyzed using the system-logical method, which indicates the complication of forms of tax evasion and concealment of actual financial and economic transactions.

The main results. It is noted that the need for effective law enforcement to ensure the financial stability of states, to counteract distortions of competition resulting from tax evasion is due to the organized and highly structured nature of a significant part of tax crimes, the expansion of the scale of cross-border tax crimes involving foreign elements. The European legislation does not contain a definition of a tax offense as such, but contains a list of types of behavior with specific descriptions of prohibited behavior. It seems that national legislators deliberately preserve a certain amount of ambiguity between prohibited and permitted tax evasion, offering a broad definition of tax evasion, since narrow specifics in the definition of such offenses can lead to undesirable impunity, exclude a flexible approach in responding to changes in this area of legal relations.

As a result of the application of the formal legal approach and comparative analysis, conclusions were obtained that, subject to careful preliminary research and practical verification, successful decisions in the field of combating tax evasion and tax fraud adopted in some jurisdictions can be used to improve the legislative provisions of other states.
The Water Transportation of Ancient Manchuria and Songhua River
Authors:   The Paek-San Society, Lee Seungho
Published: January 2024

This paper focuses on the water transportation of the Songhua River(松花江), which flows across the Manchuria region, and analyzes how ancient Manchurian states such as Buyeo, Goguryeo, Wuji (勿吉), and Balhae(渤海) used the waterway of the Songhua River.
First, the water transport traffic of the Songhua River during that period was examined, focusing on Buyeo, which was founded and developed in the middle basin of the Songhua River flowing to the north. Baijinbao(⽩⾦寶)·Hanshu(漢書) ruins located in the Nunkjang(嫩江) basin. The wanghaitun (望海屯) ruins and the suoligou(索離溝)-Qinghua(慶華) ruins in the east-flowing Songhua River basin. Laoshu(楡樹) Laoheshen(⽼河深) ruins in the north-flowing Songhua River basin. The relationship between ruins related to the Buyeo culture and the river that flowed around them was analyzed. This suggested the possibility that these ruins and the Buyeo culture were formed and connected through the Songhua River-Nunkjang waterway.
And, as an example of water transportation in the ancient Manchurian region, the travel route of the Eulyeokji(⼄⼒⽀) reported in Wei Shu(魏書) Wuji Biography was reviewed. We paid attention to the fact that the Songhua River-Nunkjang-Taoer River(洮兒河) waterway was used in the travel of Eulyeokji according to the records, and confirmed that large-scale transportation of goods was possible through this waterway.
Songhua River water transportation was the core of the transportation network that connected the ancient Buyeo dominions. This was a transportation route that connected Goguryeo with the nomadic and hunting countries of the north, and was also a window through which Wuji advanced into the international community. And Balhae was the first country to organically connect and integrate northern water transport centered on the Songhua River. The ancient Songhua River-Nunkjang-Heilongjiang(⿊⿓江) waterway was a transportation route connecting each region of Manchuria and a blood vessel for material distribution.
VIRAL DISEASES OF POTATOES IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Daurov Dias , Argynbayeva A.M.,  , Daurova A.K.,  , Sapakhova Z. B.,  , Zhapar K. K  , Raissova N. U  , Zhambakin K. Zh  , Shamekova M. Kh.,
Published: January 2024

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a staple food crop worldwide, including Kazakhstan. Viral infections represent a major obstacle to sustainable potato production due to deterioration of both qualitative and quantitative indicators. To determine the current status of the main viral diseases Y, X, M, S, PLRV, plant and seed material (tubers) from different potato growing regions of Kazakhstan was sampled. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction by reverse transcription (mpRT-PCR) and primers specific for coat protein (CP) were used to amplify the corresponding viruses. Monitoring of seed material revealed that the most prevalent virus in almost all regions, was potato virus S (PVS). Analysis of plant material sampled in the fields revealed that the most common viruses in the regions were potato virus M (PVM) and potato virus S (PVS). The work done to monitor viral diseases in different regions of Kazakhstan will provide a basis for directing future efforts to control and monitor the phytosanitary status of potato in the country.
PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH HEPATITIS C VIRUS-INFECTED PAKISTANI FEMALES
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Faisal , Riaz Muhammad Ahmad , Saeed Muhammad , Riaz Saba
Published: January 2024

Insulin resistance has been observed in many patients who are suffering from Hepatitis C infection. HCV is a chronic disease. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between biochemical markers, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and diabetes mellitus in females of Pakistan. A total of 3778 HCV-infected patients and 200 healthy controls participated in this study. Out of these 3530, 93.44 % of cases were positive on anti-HCV ELISA, and 2978, 84.36 % were confirmed by HCV RNA PCR. The samples that were PCR positive were classified into 3 groups HCV without diabetes, HCV with diabetes, and diabetes only. Out of 3778 HCV cases, 2490 83.6% were diabetic, 346 11.61% were HCV + diabetic and 142 4.7% were diabetic only. Laboratory investigations for biochemical parameters including liver, diabetic, and lipid profiles were performed according to manufacturer instructions. The diabetic HCV group means the age group was 40-50 years. The blood glucose level and alanine aminotransferases (ALT) levels were higher in patients with diabetes than in non-diabetic p=<0.001). The group of patients with HCV infection with diabetes had comparably more cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to the other two groups, p=<0.001). HCV and diabetes have some potent connections in females in Pakistan. This connection becomes more noticeable in HCV patients with diabetes compared to HCV patients without diabetes.
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR POTENTIAL ANTIMICROBIAL APPLICATIONS IN FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Waheed Raheela , Mahzaib Javaid Rana  , Usman Riaz  , Rana Khalid Iqbal  , Farah Deeba  , Nadia Iqbal  , Ebadet Ali
Published: January 2024

As demand for fresh fruit is increasing day by day, there is a need for antimicrobial packaging of food that provides the food with better shelf life and protection from foodborne diseases. The ongoing search for the antimicrobials for food industry to provide protection from foodborne diseases leads to the development of nanotechnology. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show antifungal, antiviral, anti-yeast and antibacterial activities, therefore, they have great potential for applications in the processing and packaging of food. In the formation of active packaging, to increase the shelf life AgNP’s can be combined with both edible & non-degradable polymers that also improve the safety of food. The authentic application of silver nanoparticles in the packaging of food is regulated by USA food safety and European Union authorities in a practical way, because of the incapability to make convincing statements on their toxicity. Thus, AgNPs use is assessed in the terms of migration of silver into packed food. Though, it is significant for the new food packages that are incorporated with AgNPs to carry out the migration tests. Otherwise, it can cause the toxicity of mammalian cells and organs.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHEMILUMINISCENCE IMMUNOASSAY (CLIA) AND IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE (ICT) FOR ?-THALASSEMIA (MAJOR) PATIENTS IN LOCAL POPULATION
Authors: Muhammad Tayyab  , Saima Irum  , Saima Naz  , Muhammad Zaid  , Adnan Ahmad Khan  , Zeshan Wadood Hafiz
Published: January 2024

The sustainability of beta thalassemia (major) patients is dependent on regular blood transfusion so they are at a greater risk of acquiring transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs). The objective of this research project was to compare the efficiency of two blood screening techniques such as chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and immunochromatographic technique (ICT) for the detection of transfusion transmitted infections in ?-thalassemia (major) Patients in local population. For this purpose, 250 blood samples were collected and screened through CLIA and ICT. Results showed that 30% of the samples were positive for different infectious diseases like hepatitis B or C virus, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, and infections with syphilis or malarial agents, while 70% of samples were free from any kind of infections. Among all the infectious diseases the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) was the highest i.e., 23.6% and 26.4% incidence of HCV was recorded through ICT and CLIA respectively. The second highest incidence was of hepatitis B virus followed by the other infectious diseases. The results showed that CLIA was more sensitive as compared to ICT in detecting the infections in blood. All blood banks and transfusion centers need to implement authentic screening of blood to counter the TTIs.
EFFECTIVE BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM
Authors: Toktorova Venera , Zhanibekova Nurzhan
Published: January 2024

Communications of the business world are special tools for data exchange, the main goal of which is the effective formulation and solution of management tasks. The active use of business communications makes it possible to effectively coordinate the interaction between various system elements in the field of public administration. When interacting with citizens at the state level, business communications allow them to respect their rights and freedoms when performing managerial tasks. For a more efficient operation of the public administration system, the competencies of employees in the field of business communication and their correct use in professional activities for the most efficient performance of professional tasks and the work of the entire state system as a whole are of great importance. Business communications in a digital business environment are one of the factors of effective interaction in the field of public administration.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛАКТАЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ГОЛШТИНСКОГО СКОТА ЛИНИИ МОНТВИК ЧИФТЕЙНА
Authors: Келин Юрий , Лоретц Ольга , Горелик Ольга , Ребезов Максим
Published: January 2024

В настоящее время в России первое место по поголовью занимает голштинский скот, созданный в процессе длительного совершенствования отечественного черно-пестрого скота за счет широкого использования мирового генофонда быков-производителей самой обильномолочной породы – голштинской. Цель работы изучение особенностей лактационной деятельности коров линии Монтвик Чифтейна 95679. В результате исследований установлено, что животные линии Монтвик Чифтейна 95679 по показателям максимальной лактации превосходят коров по последней окончившей лактации не только по количеству надоенного молока, но и по его качеству, а также количеству молочного жира и молочного белка. У них оказался выше коэффициент молочности, коэффициент биологической эффективности коровы, а также коэффициент биологической полноценности. Все животные были молочного направления продуктивности, о чем говорит высокий коэффициент молочности, который оказался выше, чем 1000 кг на каждые 100 кг живой массы. Животные этой линии обладают продолжительным периодом повышения продуктивности, повышение удоев наблюдалось до 6 лактации включительно. Воспроизводительные способности по группе коров линии Монтвик Чифтейна 95679 снижены, что подтверждается низкими показателями коэффициента воспроизводительной способности (КВС), который оказался ниже допустимого при хорошем уровне воспроизводства. У животных линии Монтвик Чифтейна 95679 повышение продуктивности по максимальной лактации сопровождалось и улучшением воспроизводительной способности на что указывает более короткий сервис-период, который сократился на 22,5 дня или на 13,2%. Таким образом, нет положительной взаимосвязи между удоем за 305 дней лактации и длительностью сервис периода.
Обратная задача определения временного источника в уравнении диффузии с дробными по времени производными
Authors: Аблабеков Бактыбай , Аблабекова Асел , Расулова Айзат
Published: January 2024

В работе исследуется обратная задача определения неизвестного источника зависящего от времени в задаче Коши для уравнения диффузии с дробными по времени производными с переопределением в точке x = 0.  Для решения обратной задачи

используется фундаментальное решение уравнения диффузии с дробными по времени производными. Обратная задача сводится к эквивалентному линейному интегральному уравнению Вольтерра второго рода. С помощью метода последовательных приближений доказывается существование и единственность решения рассматриваемой задачи. Также получена оценка устойчивости.