bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cenas do trabalho em Yumani: transformações em uma comunidade tradicional
Authors: Eidelwein Tamires , Eidelwein Silveira Gabriel
Published: March 2022

A comunidade Yumani está localizada na parte sul da Isla del Sol, no Lago Titicaca, na Bolívia. Os habitantes, em sua maioria de origem aymara, têm vivenciado dramáticas transformações em seu modo de vida nas últimas duas décadas. A instalação da energia elétrica, no início dos anos 2000, propiciou o desenvolvimento do turismo, que rapidamente se tornou a principal atividade econômica na Ilha. Acostumada a um modo de vida tradicional, baseado na agricultura familiar, na pecuária, na pesca e no artesanato, Yumani observa a explosão da atividade turística, com a intensificação da construção de pousadas e restaurantes, atividades de guia, comércios voltados a turistas, como as tiendas de artesanias, e outras atividades relacionadas. O trabalho familiar, voltado à subsistência, e o tradicional trabalho comunitário colaborativo subsistem, ao lado da emergente economia competitiva em moldes capitalistas. O turismo passa a configurar importante fonte de ingressos para os comunarios da ilha, que, antes dele, possuíam uma economia quase totalmente alheia às trocas monetárias. Algumas atividades são exploradas diretamente pelas famílias, como os restaurantes e as pousadas, enquanto outras são uma fonte de arrecadação propriamente comunitária, tais como os ingressos cobrados dos turistas, que visitam a ilha, logo ao desembarcarem em Yumani. Tais recursos coletivos viabilizam obras comunitárias, realizadas em regime de mutirão, conforme determinadas pelas autoridades eleitas da comunidade. O mutirão é uma forma de trabalho tradicional indígena, que sobrevive à emergência da economia competitiva, atestando a força dos laços de solidariedade no seio da comunidade. Embora os nativos preservem uma vida rústica e campesina, o turismo propiciou à Ilha do Sol um incremento nos níveis de acesso a tecnologias, tais como internet e celular, além de um relativo conforto. No entanto, estas transformações têm impactado fortemente a cultura, aumentando a distância entre os valores tradicionais e modernos, entre as gerações.
Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Dr. Amardeep Bajpai
Published: March 2022

Asia is in a sweet spot, thanks to the massive investments that international investors are making in Asian countries. As the surge in investments other Asian countries like Malaysia, India, Thailand and Korea too have gained from the inflow of huge dollars into their economics. This has given a boost to these economies and their capital markets. Indian stock markets have been the recipients if massive foreign investment inflows, since the middle of last year, while FII’s have been steady investors in India. Amongst the developing and transition economics of both Europe and Asia, the fastest growing ones are the biggest recipients of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). The latter is now accepted as panacea for all types of scarcities, financial capital, technological, know-how, efficient managerial techniques, organizational skill and access to market abroad. As against portfolio investment, FDI is a source of creation of tangible and intangible assets, employment and wealth in the host economy. It may provide rents, potential spillovers and externalities that are highly beneficial to the host country’s economic growth. The globalization of activities by Multinational Enterprises together with the effort made by all kids of governments has enhanced the important of FDI, not only as a development factors by itself, but also for its close linkage with trades technology and transfer and financial frows.
Vision Based Daily Activity Monitoring in Indoor Environment
Authors: Kshitij Sabale  , Aman Bharuka  , Omkar Patole  , Prasad Patil  , Prof. Poonam Nagale
Published: March 2022

Human Activity Recognition aims to recognize activities from a series of observations on the actions of subjects’ and environmental conditions. The vision based daily activity recognition research is the basis of many applications including video surveillance, health-care and human-computer interaction. Here, in this paper the idea of activity recognition-classification using LSTM network is presented.
Attitude towards working women: Rural-Urban differences (A case study of Pauri town and Buransi village of Uttarakhand)
Authors: Purohit Avritti , Purohit K.C.
Published: March 2022

The role of males and females in different societies has been different because of a number of factors like environmental, economic, social, cultural and political. Even in the developed countries women have not come at par with their male counterparts in terms of status, recognition and active participation in economic activities. However, with the increasing qualitative education, the scenario is changing little by little. In Indian context, in view of multiple societal setup women are still struggling to register their effective presence in the male dominated society in general and poor and backward societies in particular. It is interesting to note that the socio-economic conditions of women in Garhwal region are comparatively better than other regions of the country. Education has played a vital role in bringing about a change in attitude towards women’s participation in society. In the present communication an attempt has been made to analyze various factors and indicators associated with the attitude of people towards working women in both urban and rural backgrounds.
Calibration of Timing Parameters of Still Image Cameras and Video Cameras by a Two-dimensional LED Array
Authors:   Standards and Calibration Laboratory, Wah LAi Hau , Man Tsui Cho ,   Standards and Calibration Laboratory, Lung Yang Shing ,   Standards and Calibration Laboratory, Yuen Chan Kam ,   Standards and Calibration Laboratory
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a two dimensional 10 x 10 LED array system developed in-house at the Standards and Calibration Laboratory (SCL) for the calibration of timing parameters of still image cameras and video cameras. In this paper, the circuit design and the calibration methods for cameras of different shutter types (rolling shutter or global shutter) are presented. This LED array can also be used to verify the shutter type of cameras. The frequency of the clock signal applied in the calibration is traceable to the SI through the cesium beam frequency standard maintained at SCL.
An Adaptive Thermocouple Inhomogeneity Scanning System
Authors:   The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Standards and Calibration Laboratory (SCL), Lam Brenda
Published: March 2022

Inhomogeneity is a major source of error affecting the accuracy of a thermocouple thermometer. It refers to variation in local Seebeck coefficient of a thermocouple along its length. Inhomogeneous thermocouples give different temperature readings up to several degrees Celsius at different immersion depths. It is therefore a good practice to characterize the inhomogeneity of a thermocouple during the calibration process. Recently, the Standards and Calibration Laboratory (SCL) of Hong Kong developed an adaptive thermocouple inhomogeneity scanning system. The system enables us to vary the vertical immersion depth of a thermocouple and measure its Seebeck voltage variation. The step size and dwelling time in each step and total distance travelled by the thermocouple under test are controllable. While similar systems have been developed by other laboratories, SCL implemented a novel method to shorten the measurement time by adjusting the scanning step size adaptively and to determine the optimal dwelling time automatically. An in-house software was developed to implement this method. With the SCL's pattern recognition device to take readings from the display directly, the inhomogeneity of thermocouples connecting to a digital thermometer can be measured. This paper describes the design and implementation of this system. Measurement results obtained are also presented.
Evolution of source attributed organic aerosols and gases in a megacity of central China
Authors: Li Siyuan , Liu Dantong , Kong Shaofei , Wu Yangzhou , Hu Kang , Zheng Huang , Cheng Yi , Zheng Shurui , Jiang Xiaotong , Ding Shuo , Hu Dawei , Liu Quan , Tian Ping , Zhao Delong , Sheng Jiujiang
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The secondary production of the oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) impacts air quality, climate and human health. The importance of various sources in contributing to the OOA loading and associated different aging mechanisms remains to be elucidated. Here we present concurrent observation and factorization analysis on the mass spectra of organic aerosol (OA) by a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer in Wuhan, a megacity in central China during autumntime. The full mass spectra of organics with two principle anthropogenic sources were identified as the traffic and cooking sources, for their primary emission profiles in aerosol and gas phases, the evolutions, and their respective roles in producing OOA and secondary VOCs. Primary emissions in gas and aerosol phases both contributed to the production of OOA. The photooxidation of traffic sources from morning rush-hour caused 2.5-folds increase of OOA mass in a higher oxidation state (O / C = 0.72), coproducing gas-phase carboxylic acids; while at night, cooking aerosols and VOCs (particularly acrolein and hexanal) importantly caused the nocturnal formation of oxygenated intermediate VOCs, increasing OOA mass by a factor of 1.7 (O / C = 0.42). The daytime and nighttime formation of secondary aerosols as contributed by different sources, was found to be modulated by solar radiation and air moisture respectively. The environmental policy should therefore consider the primary emissions and their respective ageing mechanisms influenced by meteorological conditions.
Influence of energetic particle precipitation on Antarctic stratospheric chlorine and ozone over the 20th century
Authors: Maliniemi Ville , Arsenovic Pavle , Seppälä Annika , Nesse Tyssøy Hilde
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions in the latter part of the 20th century reduced stratospheric ozone abundance substantially, especially in the Antarctic region. Simultaneously, polar stratospheric ozone is also destroyed catalytically by nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) descending from the mesosphere and the lower thermosphere during winter. These are produced by energetic particle precipitation (EPP) linked to solar activity and space weather. NOx and active chlorine (ClOx = Cl + ClO) also react mutually and transform both reactive agents into reservoir gas chlorine nitrate, which buffers ozone destruction by both NOx and ClOx. We study the interaction between EPP produced NOx, ClO and ozone over the 20th century by using free running climate simulations of the chemistry-climate model SOCOL3-MPIOM. Substantial increase of NOx descending to polar stratosphere is found during winter, which causes ozone depletion in the upper and mid-stratosphere. However, in the Antarctic mid-stratosphere the EPP induced ozone depletion becomes less efficient after 1960s, especially during springtime. Simultaneously, significant decrease in stratospheric ClO and increase in chlorine nitrate between 10–30 hPa can be ascribed to EPP forcing. Hence, interaction between NOx and ClO likely suppressed the ozone depletion due to both EPP-NOx and ClO at these altitudes. Furthermore, at the end of the century significant ClO increase and ozone decrease is obtained at 100 hPa altitude during winter and spring. This lower stratosphere response is likely due to activation of chlorine from reservoir gases on polar stratospheric clouds. Our results show that EPP has been a significant modulator of reactive chlorine in the Antarctic stratosphere during the CFC era. With the implementation of the Montreal Protocol, stratospheric chlorine is estimated to return to pre-CFC era levels after 2050. Thus, we expect increased efficiency of chemical ozone destruction by EPP-NOx in the Antarctic upper and mid-stratosphere over coming decades. The future lower stratosphere ozone response by EPP is more uncertain.
Seasonal, interannual and decal variability of Tropospheric Ozone in the North Atlantic: Comparison of UM-UKCA and remote sensing observations for 2005–2018
Authors: Russo Maria R. , Kerridge Brian J. , Abraham Nathan L. , Keeble James , Latter Barry G. , Siddans Richard , Weber James , Griffiths Paul T. , Pyle John A. , Archibald Alexander T.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone is an important component of the Earth System as it can affect both climate and air quality. In this work we use observed tropospheric column ozone derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) OMI-MLS, in addition to OMI ozone retrieved in discrete vertical layers, and compare it to tropospheric ozone from UM-UKCA simulations (which utilise the Unified Model, UM, coupled to UK Chemistry and Aerosol, UKCA). Our aim is to investigate recent changes (2005–2018) in tropospheric ozone in the North Atlantic region, and specifically its seasonal, interannual and decadal variability and to understand what factors are driving such changes. Through sensitivity experiments, timeseries correlation and comparison with the LIS-OTD lightning flash dataset, the model positive bias in the Tropics is attributed to shortcomings in the convection and lightning parameterisations. Use of OMI data, for which vertical averaging kernels and a priori information are available, suggests that the model negative bias at mid latitudes relative to OMI-MLS tropospheric column could be the result of vertical sampling. Ozone in the North Atlantic peaks in spring and early summer, with generally good agreement between the modelled and observed seasonal cycle. Recent trends in tropospheric ozone were investigated and the discrepancy between model and observations was linked to possible differences in lower stratospheric ozone trends and associated stratosphere to troposphere transport. Modelled tropospheric ozone interannual variability (IAV) is driven by IAV of tropical emissions of NOx from lightning and IAV of ozone transport from the stratosphere; however, the modelled and observed IAV differ. To understand the IAV discrepancy we investigated how modelled ozone and its drivers respond to large scale modes of variability. Using OMI height-resolved data and model idealised tracers, we were able to identify stratospheric transport of ozone into the troposphere as the main driver of the dynamical response of North Atlantic ozone to the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Finally, the ozone response to El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its impact on observed and modelled north Atlantic ozone variability was analysed.
Summer sea-ice variability on the Antarctic margin during the last glacial period reconstructed from snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea) stomach-oil deposits
Authors: McClymont Erin L. , Bentley Michael J. , Hodgson Dominic A. , Spencer-Jones Charlotte L. , Wardley Thomas , West Martin D. , Croudace Ian W. , Berg Sonja , Gröcke Darren R. , Kuhn Gerhard , Jamieson Stewart S. R. , Sime Louise , Phillips Richard A.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Antarctic sea ice is a critical component of the climate
system affecting a range of physical and biogeochemical feedbacks and
supporting unique ecosystems. During the last glacial stage, Antarctic sea
ice was more extensive than today, but uncertainties in geological (marine
sediments), glaciological (ice core), and climate model reconstructions of
past sea-ice extent continue to limit our understanding of its role in the
Earth system. Here, we present a novel archive of past sea-ice environments
from regurgitated stomach oils of snow petrels (Pagodroma nivea) preserved at nesting
sites in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. We show that by combining
information from fatty acid distributions and their stable carbon isotope
ratios with measurements of bulk carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and
trace metal data, it is possible to reconstruct changing snow petrel diet
within Marine Isotope Stage 2 (ca. 24.3–30.3 cal kyr BP). We show that, as today, a mixed diet of krill and fish characterizes much of the record.
However, between 27.4 and 28.7 cal kyr BP signals of krill almost disappear. By linking dietary signals in the stomach-oil deposits to modern feeding habits and foraging ranges, we infer the use by snow petrels of open-water habitats (“polynyas”) in the sea ice during our interval of study. The periods when
consumption of krill was reduced are interpreted to correspond to the
opening of polynyas over the continental shelf, which became the preferred
foraging habitat. Our results show that extensive, thick, and multiyear sea ice was not always present close to the continent during the last glacial stage and highlight the potential of stomach-oil deposits as a palaeoenvironmental archive of Southern Ocean conditions.
A 30-year monthly 5 km gridded surface elevation time series for the Greenland Ice Sheet from multiple satellite radar altimeters
Authors: Zhang Baojun , Wang Zemin , An Jiachun , Liu Tingting , Geng Hong
Published: March 2022

Abstract. A long-term time series of ice sheet surface elevation
change (SEC) is an essential parameter to assess the impact of climate
change. In this study, we used an updated plane-fitting least-squares
regression strategy to generate a 30-year surface elevation time series for
the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) at monthly temporal resolution and 5×5 km grid spatial resolution using ERS-1 (European Remote Sensing), ERS-2, Envisat, and
CryoSat-2 satellite radar altimeter observations obtained between August 1991 and December 2020. The ingenious corrections for intermission bias were
applied using an updated plane-fitting least-squares regression strategy.
Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) reconstruction was used to supplement
the sparse monthly gridded data attributable to poor observations in the
early years. Validation using both airborne laser altimeter observations and
the European Space Agency GrIS Climate Change Initiative (CCI) product
indicated that our merged surface elevation time series is reliable. The
accuracy and dispersion of errors of SECs of our results were 19.3 % and
8.9 % higher, respectively, than those of CCI SECs and even 30.9 % and
19.0 % higher, respectively, in periods from 2006–2010 to 2010–2014.
Further analysis showed that our merged time series could provide detailed
insight into GrIS SEC on multiple temporal (up to 30 years) and spatial
scales, thereby providing an opportunity to explore potential associations
between ice sheet change and climatic forcing. The merged surface elevation
time series data are available at
https://doi.org/10.11888/Glacio.tpdc.271658 (Zhang
et al., 2021).
TopoCLIM: rapid topography-based downscaling of regional climate model output in complex terrain v1.1
Authors: Fiddes Joel , Aalstad Kristoffer , Lehning Michael
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This study describes and evaluates a new downscaling scheme that specifically addresses the need for hillslope-scale atmospheric-forcing time series for modelling the local impact of regional climate change projections on the land surface in complex terrain. The method has a global scope in that it does not rely directly on surface observations and is able to generate the full suite of model forcing variables required for hydrological and land surface modelling in hourly time steps. It achieves this by utilizing the previously published TopoSCALE scheme to generate synthetic observations of the current climate at the hillslope scale while accounting for a broad range of surface–atmosphere interactions. These synthetic observations are then used to debias (downscale) CORDEX climate variables using the quantile mapping method. A further temporal disaggregation step produces sub-daily fields. This approach has the advantages of other empirical–statistical methods, including speed of use, while it avoids the need for ground data, which are often limited. It is therefore a suitable method for a wide range of remote regions where ground data is absent, incomplete, or not of sufficient length. The approach is evaluated using a network of high-elevation stations across the Swiss Alps, and a test application in which the impacts of climate change on Alpine snow cover are modelled.
The induction of labour, which represents an increase in maternal-fetal risks and the expense of hospital resources, has become a very frequent procedure in Obstetrics
Authors:   University Hospital Rio Hortega, Spain, Miguel Sonia de
Published: March 2022

The induction of labour, which represents an increase in maternal-fetal risks and the expense of hospital resources, has become a very frequent procedure in Obstetrics, accounting for up to 24.5% of all births in the USA in 2016. Since EH Bishop in 1964 published her pelvic scoring in relation to the result of labor induction, there have been many authors who have studied both cervical and maternal characteristics and ultrasound measurements, with the aim of improving the predictive capacity of the Bishop score. This score is, today, the most widely used in the previous management of labour induction.
Role of Surgery in the treatment of Cervical Cancer Persistent to Chemoradiotherapy and its Importance in the Management of Adenocarcinomas: Experience with 100 Patients
Authors: Lobatón Alfonso Tórres
Published: March 2022

To show the results of complementary and rescue surgeries in patients with Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (LACC), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and Adenocar-Cinoma (ADC), with confirmation or suspicion of tumor persistence to treatment with Chemo-Radio Therapy (CRT) with or without Intra-Cavitary Brachy Therapy (ICBT).
An unusual case of cutaneous desmoplastic melanoma
Authors: Broshtilova Valentina
Published: March 2022

Desmoplastic malignant melanoma (DMM) is an extremely rare subtype, encompassing up to 1% of all melanoma cases, worldwide. DMM features a prolonged clinical course and a variable clinical picture, which usually delays the exact diagnosis.
Ureteral Stenosis After Uterine Suspension Using TVM (Transvaginal Mesh)
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, 111 Shilin, Taipei, ROC, Pan Hun-Shan
Published: March 2022

Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is a disabling and chronic condition that affects a rough 20% of women ranging in all ages [1]. Pelvic organs can protrude outside the body through the vagina due to weakness in the pelvic floor. POP affects patients both physically and psychologically. Most women with POP suffer from at least one other pelvic floor disorder, such as incontinence. Pelvic Organ Prolapse increasing nationwide, namely, anterior, posterior and middle compartments prolapse. Plenty of different kits have been created in recent years for reconstruction surgery. And among those surgical kits, synthetic material augmentation plays a major role; hence it also takes place certain complications such as dyspareunia and vaginal discomfort [2]. We are now reporting a rare case of ureteral stenosis after sacrospinous suspension. This case report has already received approval from SKH Ethics Committee.
Efforts to Increase Economic Learning Motivation Online through Improving Learning Facilities, Teacher Creativity and Social Support during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ratnawati Endah , . Subagyo , . Sugiono
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of learning facilities, teacher creativity and social support on motivation to learn economics either partially or simultaneously during online learning in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a quantitative approach to the type of causality research. The research subjects were students of class X of Islamic Senior High School 1 Nganjuk of the 2020/2021 academic year, totaling 270 students. A sample of 135 students was obtained from the Isaac and Michael formula. Sample selection used was proportional random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple linear regressions with the help of SPSS 25 for windows. The results showed that learning facilities and teacher creativity partially had a significant positive effect on economic learning motivation, while social support partially had no effect on economic learning motivation because with online learning students lost social support from friends as a source of social support other than teachers and parents. Learning facilities, teacher creativity and social support simultaneously had a significant positive effect on motivation to learn economics. And other factors that influence learning motivation outside the model include interest in the material, ideals or aspirations, student conditions, teacher personality and environmental conditions where students live.

Keywords: Learning Motivation, Learning Facilities, Teacher Creativity, Social Support.
Design of PD Pasar Medan City Performance Measurement Using the Balanced Scorecard Method
Authors: Dewi Rika Puspita , Matondang Nazaruddin , Absah Yeni
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the performance of PD Pasar Medan City using the Balanced Scorecard method using four perspectives, namely: (1) financial perspective, (2) customer perspective, (3) internal business process perspective, and (4) learning and growth perspective. This type of research is a case study. Data collection techniques used are interviews, documentation, observation and questionnaires whose samples consist of traders and employees. The data analysis techniques used are (1) financial perspective, namely financial ratio analysis, (2) customer perspective using Multi-attribute Attitude Model (MAM) analysis, (3) learning and growth perspective, (4) internal business process perspective using descriptive analysis. The results of data analysis are as follows: (1) The financial perspective shows an unfavorable condition, as seen from the Net Profit Margin (NPM) which is >5% and the GPM (Gross Profit Margin) is >8.3%. (2) The customer perspective shows a very good condition, because traders are satisfied with the services provided by PD Pasar Medan City(3) The internal business process perspective shows a good condition, (4) The learning and growth perspective shows a very good condition, because employees are very satisfied with the existing performance at PD Pasar Medan City.

Keywords: Performance, Company, Balanced Scorecard.
Analysis of Formulation Strategies on Gas Stove Business Development of Easy Clean with Folding Burner Technology “Best Gas” as a Clean Kitchen Solution
Authors: . Ismail , S Tri Astuti , . Wardani
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to (1) identify internal and external factors that affect the company’s business development, (2) analyze internal and external environmental factors that have an impact on the company and the strategic position of PT. Bestindo Jaya Indonesia with the “Best Gas” product as a Clean Kitchen Solutions to compete in the Indonesian stove industry, and (3) determine alternative formulation strategies and priorities that can be recommended for companies in order to achieve company goals. This research is a qualitative method using a questionnaire filled out by the management of PT Bestindo Jaya Indonesia and external parties who are considered experts. This study was a qualitative method using a questionnaire filled out by the management of PT Bestindo Jaya Indonesia and expert external parties. The first stage was identifying internal and external factors through the analysis of the IFE Matrix and the EFE Matrix. The second stage was analyzing the IE Matrix, the Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) and the SWOT Matrix to assess the factors that affect the company. The last stage was analyzing the QSPM to determine the priorities and alternative strategies that will be prepared by the company as well as formulate the Lean Business Canvas Model. The recommended alternative strategies for PT Bestindo Jaya Indonesia were (1) strengthening product distribution channels, (2) maintaining cost efficiency, and (3) increasing promotion through digital marketing. These three alternative strategies recommendations are expected to be a reference for the management of PT Bestindo Jaya Indonesia to develop the company’s business.

Keywords: IE Matrix, Best Gas, Clean Kitchen Solutions, CPM, SWOT Matrix, QSPM.
The Effect of Biochar Obtained from Municipal Pruning Wastes at Different Pyrolysis Temperatures on Maize Yield and Some Soil Properties
Authors: KAYIKCIOGLU Huseyin Husnu , TEPECİK Mahmut , ÇOKAN Şaheste Elif
Published: March 2022

The pot experiment was set up in a randomized plot design with three replications. Biochar was obtained at three different pyrolysis temperatures (300, 500, 700°C) by using municipal pruning wastes. In response to the biochar applications at five different doses (0, 10, 20, 30 and 60 t ha-1), some biological (soil respiration, dehydrogenase activity) and chemical properties of the soils (pH, electrical conductivity-EC, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity-CEC, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and B) and yield (fresh plant biomass) were investigated. The parameters analyzed showed significant changes between -48% and 141% when compared with the control soils (P<0.05). It was determined that the biochar obtained at 300°C pyrolysis temperature can be biodegraded more easily than the biochar obtained at 500 and 700°C. Similarly, available phosphorus and boron had the most positive effect from biochar application at 300°C pyrolysis temperature. Moreover, the available boron concentration achieved the highest increase with the application of 60 t biochar ha-1. It has been determined that biochar has the potential to increase the pH value of soils between 0.5-6.2% in 75 days. The EC value, which is an indicator of soil salinity, decreased with 700°C and 20, 30 and 60 t ha-1 applications. An increase potential of 31.3% was determined in the CEC. There was no determinable effect on available Mn, Fe and Cu by independent variables. An increase of 71.4% was detected in the maize yield with the application of 700 °C and 60 t ha-1.
Effects of Vermicompost Applications on Some Yield and Yield Properties of Wheat
Authors: ÇİRKA Mustafa , ALTUNER Fevzi , ERYİĞİT Tamer , ORAL Erol , BİLDİRİCİ Numan
Published: March 2022

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of different vermicompost applications on some yield components in bread wheat under Mardin conditions. The trial was established in 2017-18 in dry conditions, using two bread wheat varieties and four different vermicompost treatments in three repetitions according to the factorial experimental design in randomized blocks. According to the data obtained at the end of the experiment, the observed parameters were determined as respectively, the number of days of spiking (111.0 - 114.3 days), plant height (82.6 - 100.6 cm), plant spike length (7.2 - 10.3 cm), grain number per spike (29.8 - 55.9 pieces/spike), chlorophylls number (46.2 - 50.5 cci), vegetation temperature (21.8 - 22.6 °C), leaf area index (0.70 - 0.78 LAI), grain yield (4355.3 - 5360.7 kg ha-1) and crude protein (11.4 - 12.9%). As a result of the research, it has been determined that vermicompost applied in increasing amounts in all the properties studied except for vegetation temperature caused a significant increase. As a conclusion, vermicompost can be said to be a good organic fertilizer in cereal cultivation due to its environmentally friendly, soil-improving effect and sufficient and balanced plant nutrients in its structure.
Improving Students’ Vocabulary Achievement through Anagram
Authors: Barus Rina Herawati , Tampubolon Jonris
Published: March 2022

This study is aimed at improving the students’ vocabulary achievement through anagram. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of this study was the 2009/2010 ten grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Pancur Batu which consisted of 30 students. For collecting data, the instrument used quantitative data (vocabulary test) and qualitative data (diary notes, interview sheet and observation sheet). Based on the data, it was found that the students’ score increased from the pre test until the post test of the first and the second cycle. In the pre test, the mean of the students was (54,93), in the post test of the first cycle was (68) and the mean of the students of the second cycle was (82,46). The students’ score also increased from pre test to post test cycle I until post test cycle II. It was found that teaching vocabulary through anagram can improve the students’ vocabulary achievement. It is concluded that teaching vocabulary through anagram is significantly effective in teaching vocabulary.
Keywords: Classroom Action Research, Vocabulary Achievement, Anagram
Use of Macromedia Flash Player as Media in Enhancing Students’ Writing Ability in the 1st Year Students of SMAN 1 Pinrang
Authors: Khaeril Amri
Published: March 2022

This research was about the use of flash player as media in enhancing students’ writing ability in descriptive text at the 1st year students of SMAN 1 Pinrang. The principle problem was only one that was “To what extend does flash player as media enhance the students’ writing ability in writing descriptive text at the first year students of SMAN 1 Pinrang?” The objective of the research is “to find out the enhancement of the students’ writing ability in writing descriptive text”.The research was quasi Experimental Design using “Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population of this research was the 1st year students of SMAN 1`Pinrang which consisted 270 students. The samples were taken by using cluster samping. The researcher took two classes randomly as the sample. It involved 60 students with X.2 consisted 30 students as experiment class and X.4 consisted 30 students as control class. In experiment class, the total mean score of post-test was 70.06 was greater than the total mean score in control class was 62.96. From the t-test, the researcher found that the value of t-test in post-test was greater than t-table (3.22 > 2.021). Based on the finding and discussion of the research, the researcher drew a conclusion that the use of flash player as media is effective to enhance the students writing ability in descriptive text at the first year students of SMAN 1 Pinrang.
Keywords: Teaching writing, Macromedia flash player, Students writing ability
The Effectiveness of Using Sequence Picture Media in Teaching EFL Students in Writing Procedure Text
Authors: Tampubolon Jonris , Edi Suprayetno
Published: March 2022

Teaching EFL students are both challenging and demanding as English is neither the students’ mother tongue nor their second language. Therefore, it is essentially required to select an effective way or technique in achieving the objectives of the lesson. This study was aimed to investigate the use of sequence picture technique and its effectiveness in teaching EFL students how to write a procedure text. This study was conducted by using quantitative research with one group pretest-posttest design at Universitas Prima Indonesia. The steps involve administering pretest measuring the dependent variable, applying the experimental treatment X to the subjects; and administering a posttest again measuring the dependent variable. There were 40 students taken as the subject of the study. The data were collected through a pretest and a posttest. The result on this study showed that the students’ responses and performances were improved. It can be seen from the finding which showed that students’ percentage in using the language components such as grammar, sequence words, commands or imperative sentences, and adverbial phrases accurately. The result of the questionnaire also showed that the students considered sequence picture technique was effective in helping them write procedure text correctly.       
Key Words: EFL Students, Procedure Text, Sequence Picture Media
Analysis of Digital Optimization Strategy at Al Eiman Royal Hotel Madinah during Pandemic
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli , Agoestyowati Redjeki , Prasetyningsih Nila , Heriyanti Yuni , Marsudi Endra
Published: March 2022

This research aims to analyze digital optimization Al Eiman Royal hotel, to analyze decision-making efforts are to deal with problems that arise during the pandemic. It also to see the digital optimization strategy carried out by hotels in Madinah during the pandemic. Data analysis source by searching, collecting data by conducting observations and interviews and then making conclusions so that they are easy to understand. The interview technique that will be used is a structured interview. The various data obtained are then processed and analyzed using the IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation), EFE (External Factor Evaluation), TOWS Matrix, and IE Matrix to conclude the strategies that have been carried out and inputs that can be used by Al Eiman Royal Hotel as a reference for optimizing the implementation of digital strategies during the pandemic. According to the research result, the IFE and EFE matrix with a total weight of 3.45 for IFE and 2.51 for EFE puts the hotel is in a Growth Stability position with a strategy to keep and maintain the existing market while being able to develop with new types of services also can formulate strategic options for hotel directions using the TOWS matrix.
Human Resources Analysis of Education, Training and Job Placement in Improving Employee Performance
Authors: Susanto Yohanes , Anjana Chamoli
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze how much influence the level of education, training, and job placement has on improving employee performance at the Agency for Personnel and Human Resources Development (BKPSDM) Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra, Indonesia with a population of 70 respondents who are employees of the BKPSDM and elements of the Infectorate Lubuklinggau City. This research is quantitative research with statistical analysis using SPSS version 23 with a multiple linear regression approach to test the hypothesis and test the coefficient of determination. The results showed that simultaneously the level of education, training, and job placement had a positive and significant impact on improving employee performance, but partially job placement had a dominant influence on improving employee performance, with work placements that matched the competencies possessed by employees through education and training will affect improving the performance of the employee concerned, it is recommended that the Employment and Human Resources Development Agency of Lubuklinggau City continue to maintain employees who are following their competencies, and continuously develop the level of education and training of employees.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Employee Performance at Aetra Regional Drinking Water Company of Jakarta (PDAM)
Authors: Sari Yunita Fajar , Santoso Rukun , Permana Erwin , Wiwin Wiwin , Ayu S Ratih
Published: March 2022

The research at Aetra Air Drinking Water Regional Company of East Jakarta (PDAM) aims to analyze: 1) the influence of work discipline on employee performance, 2) The Effect of Occupational Safety and Health (K3) on employee performance. 3) The simultaneous influence of work discipline and Occupational Safety and Health (K3) on employee performance. The research approach used quantitative paradigms. The population was 339 people and the determination of samples used the Slovin technique so that a sample of 77 respondents was obtained. Data analysis used a co-existing linear regression test by using SPSS. The results show that Work Discipline and Occupational Safety and Health (K3), both simultaneously and significantly affect the performance of employees of PT. AETRA AIR Jakarta, while the managerial implication of these findings is the need for efforts to improve the employee performance of PT. AETRA AIR Jakarta. Referring to the findings of this study, among others, there is a need for firmness from the agency about the employees’ problems, especially for those whose absence rate is high enough to improve discipline. The reason is that the problem of indiscipline affects other employees so that it will affect the overall performance of the company. This research shows that matters related to discipline, and Occupational Safety and Health (K3) should be more considered and always improved to further boost the employee performance at PT Aetra Air Jakarta. Discipline should be improved in terms of supervision from HRD while Occupational Safety and Health (K3) involves other parties/agencies in terms of the Occupational Safety and Health (K3) management system.
Two-Stage Shrinkage Bayesian Estimators For The Shape Parameter of Pareto Distribution Dependent on Katti’s Regions
Authors: Ali Marwa Hashem Abd , Jiheel Alaa Khlaif , Al-Hemyari Zuhair
Published: March 2022

This study proposes a two-stage shrinkage Bayesian estimation of the shape parameter of Pareto
distribution. Additional information from the past and considered presently in new estimation processes has been receiving considerable attention in the last few decades, especially when a sample unit is costly or difficult to obtain. The proposed two-stage pooling estimation procedure assumes that the prior knowledge of θ can take the form of an initial estimate θ0 of θ. The expressions for bias, bias ratio, mean square error, expected sample size, and relative efficiency are derived based on the two regions of R1 and R2. Certain values of the constants are considered, and the R language is used for statistical programming. The numerical results and conclusion suggest that the proposed estimators have higher relative efficiency compared with the classical Bayesian estimator with respect to a guess value. The effective region of the estimator dependent on R2 is better than that of the estimator dependent dependent on R1.
An ominous cause of back pain: Vertebral Osteomyelitis
Authors: Stead Trilok , Shah Aanchal , Bandi Sumedha , Neumeister James , Coker Phillip , Ganti Latha
Published: March 2022

The authors present the case of a patient seen for back pain in the emergency department, initially discharged home with a diagnosis of musculoskeletal pain. He returned a week later and was found to have vertebral osteomyelitis based on a thorough neurologic exam. A review of ominous causes of back pain, including the elusive nature of vertebral osteomyelitis/diskitis is discussed.
Invasive rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) are diurnally more exposed than an imperiled native congener
Authors: Hartzell Sean M. , Pitt Amber L. , Davis Steve
Published: March 2022

Invasive crayfish can have a competitive advantage over native crayfish due to increased activity in invaded environments, allowing greater resource acquisition. We evaluated whether total exposure time (a proxy for activity, defined as time spent outside of shelter) and behavior differed between imperiled native Faxonius limosus (spiny-cheek crayfish) and invasive F. rusticus (rusty crayfish) from the Susquehanna River drainage in Pennsylvania. We conducted our study opportunistically as part of a larger study in raceways modified to simulate a stream that included a native predator, the eastern hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis). We recorded video in each raceway and quantified total exposure time and duration of crayfish behaviors. Diurnal total exposure time differed significantly between species, with F. rusticus exhibiting more diurnal total exposure time than F. limosus. However, nocturnal total exposure time was not significantly affected by species. Proportion of time spent engaged in immobile and walking behavior diurnally was dependent on crayfish species, as was proportion of time spent engaging in these behaviors nocturnally. Our results suggest that F. rusticus may have an indirect competitive advantage over native F. limosus due to differences in diurnal activity and behavior.
Contrasting patterns of ground spider and beetle activity across a Japanese knotweed-dominated riparian gradient
Authors: Fischer Katie S. , Arnold Lindsey , Daley Rachel , Barbarich Tara , Shannon Hailey , Persons Matthew H. , Matlaga David
Published: March 2022

Arthropod distributions across riparian gradients remain incompletely understood. Within riparian buffers, invasive plants such as Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed) may influence abiotic conditions and potentially arthropod distributions. We quantified ground spider and ground beetle activity across a Japanese knotweed-dominated riparian buffer using five months of pitfall trapping data. Results from pitfall samples suggest that spider and beetle activity is negatively correlated with the presence of Japanese knotweed along the riparian gradient. We found that beetle activity declined with increasing distance from the river, while spider activity showed the opposite trend. Spiders and beetles also differed in the timing of their activity. Overall nocturnal beetle activity was much higher than diurnal beetle or spider activity. Ground spider and beetle activity levels were lower across the knotweed-dominated riparian area, which may be attributed to reduced litter and herbaceous vegetation, reduced light penetration, drier soil, lower plant diversity, or reduced prey availability in this area.
The Status and Role of Tea in British Culture and Daily Life against the Background of British Empire Expansion from 1600 to 1900
Authors:   School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China, Zhang Aoran
Published: March 2022

Tea, as a world beverage, has been loved by people in many countries and regions since ancient times. Throughout history, tea played the role of “cultural messenger”, allowing Westerners, especially British, to understand the mysterious oriental civilization through diet and meanwhile integrate tea culture into their own. As a necessity of daily life, tea closely connects people all over the world in the process of its production, sales and consumption, and creates extraordinary cultural and social values in history. In Britain, tea is an indispensable part of British daily life, which greatly impacts British culture and society. In this paper, the author explores the origin, development of tea in British culture and daily life in the period from 1600 to 1900, analyzing four main impacts including economy and trade, social activities, diet, and literature.
The opera “Turandot” by G. Puccini and its Chinese versions: on intercultural communication
Authors: У Лиян
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматривается опыт межкультурной коммуникации, реализуемый на примере оперы Дж. Пуччини и ее китайских версий. Внимание на «китайском следе» в данном художественном образце, позволяет констатировать, что именно эта последняя опера итальянского мастера стала точкой отсчета в межкультурной коммуникации Запада и Востока, завершая череду творений композитора, в которых обращение к отличным от итальянской культуры традициям обогатило мировое художественное наследие. Сосредоточение научного интереса на сычуаньской опере «Принцесса Турандот» (1993) композитора Ляо Чжунжун (либретто Вэй Минлунь) и опере «Турандот» (2008) в постановке Чэнь Синьи, финал к которой написал композитор Хао Вэйя, выявляет общее и особенное в опыте межкультурной коммуникации как согласование противоречий, имманентно присущее западной и восточной культурным традициям.

The article examines the experience of intercultural communication, realized using G. Puccini's opera and its Chinese versions as an example. Focusing on the “Chinese footprint” in this artistic sample, the author arrives at the conclusion that it was this last opera by the Italian master that became the starting point in the intercultural communication of the West and East. This opera completed a series of works by the composer, in which the appeal to traditions different from Italian culture enriched the world artistic heritage. Focusing his scientific interest on the Sichuan opera “Princess Turandot” (1993) by Liao Zhongrong (libretto by Wei Minglun) and the opera “Turandot” (2008) directed by Chen Xinyi, the finale of which was written by the composer Hao Wei, the author reveals the general and the special in the experience of intercultural communication as a reconciliation of contradictions immanently inherent in Western and Eastern cultural traditions.