bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Biji Salak (Salacca edulis) dan Ekstrak Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum rhizoma) sebagai Minuman Alternatif Pengganti Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora)
Authors: Sitohang Apul , Sihombing Dewi Restuana , Daniela Connie , Situmorang Reonaldo
Published: October 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaatÂ  biji salakÂ  sebagai alternatif pengganti kopi robusta dan mengetahui cara pembuatan kopi dari biji salak dengan penambahan ekstrak jahe merah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah bubuk kopi biji salak dengan sandi (S), terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu: S1 = 2%, S2 = 2,5%, S3 = 3% dan S4 = 3,5%.Â  Faktor kedua adalah bubuk ekstrak jahe merah dengan sandi (J), terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu: J1 = 1%, J2 = 1,5%, J3 = 2% dan J4 = 2,5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi bubuk kopi biji salak maka total asam, kadar oleoresin, kadar oleoresin, kadar kafein kasar, kadar vitamin C dan nilai organoleptik semakin meningkat, sedangkan pH semakin menurun. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi bubuk ekstrak jahe maka total asam, kadar oleoresin, kadar kafein kasar, kadar vitamin C dan nilai organoleptik semakin meningkat, sedangkan pH semakin menurun. Kombinasi perlakuan konsentrasi bubuk kopi biji salak dan ekstrak jahe memberi pengaruh tidak nyata terhadap total asam, kadar oleoresin, pH, kadar kafein, kadar vitamin C dan nilai organoleptik. Mutu minuman terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi bubuk kopi biji salak 3,5% % dengan konsentrasi bubuk ekstrak jahe 2,5 %, karena memiliki nilai organoleptik yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kombinasi perlakuan lainnya.
Warfarina versus inhibidores del factor X en pacientes con fibrilación atrial como tratamiento para evitar complicaciones
Authors: Oviedo Pérez Kevin Josué , Arce Arguedas Edgar Jesús , García Vásquez María Lilly
Published: October 2021

La fibrilación auricular (FA) es la arritmia cardíaca más frecuente, afectando a un 1% a 1,5% de la población general, la cual eleva el riesgo de sufrir un accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) y por lo tanto incrementa la mortalidad. Tanto la warfarina como los inhibidores del factor X son fármacos anticoagulantes efectivos, dados con el fin de prevenir el riesgo de ACV en la FA. Por lo cual dichos fármacos han sido estudiados ampliamente, en donde se ha determinado una mayor eficacia por parte de los fármacos inhibidores del factor X en comparación con la warfarina, también se observó que los pacientes con fibrilación auricular se beneficiaron específicamente en la reducción de tres variables; accidente cerebrovascular sistémico, embolia sistémica y hemorragia, lo que significa una gran disminución de la morbilidad y mortalidad en estos pacientes.
Prediction of mango hopper, Idioscopus nitidulus (Walker) using hybrid modelling in Konkan region
Authors: A. Y. MUNJ  , V. N. JALGAONKAR  , B. R. SALVI  , A. L. NARANGALKAR  , J. S. CHOUDHARY  , MADHUMITA KUMARI  , S.S. MALI  , BIKASH DAS
Published: October 2021

Mango hopper, Idioscopus nitidulus is the most destructive pest of mango in the India. Thus, aim of the study was to develop precise and easy early population prediction model of mango hopper for tropical mansoon climate conditions. Weekly occurrence data of mango hopper, I. nitidulus during five consecutive years (2014 to 2018) was used for developing hybrid of multiplicative seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and artificial neural network (ANN) model. The population of I. nitidulus increases in the month of January-February on flower panicles and October-November on new vegetative shoots in the region. The linearity in the time series data was best fitted with SARIMA (0, 0, 2) × (0, 1, 1)52 model as their correlation values are not outside the confidence intervals (CI) limits. Further ANN modeling was done for fitting the SARIMA residuals. The fitted values of model prediction and the actual values of year 2017-2018 flowering season (SMW36-52 of 2017 and SMW 1-13 of 2018) were used for testing of prediction efficiency. The performance of the two models in respect to model fitting and effectiveness of SARIMA and hybrid SARIMA-ANN model was compared by evaluating diagnostic statistics of MSE, RMSE, MAE and MAPE. The best fitted developed hybrid model in present study and the data predicted by model was matched with actual data of mango hopper incidence during the year 2017-18. Hybrid model developed in this study will help to predict hoppers population in advance, thus provide a direction for planning of timely prevention and development of effective management strategies which will help to minimize the use of hazardous pesticides.
Growth, development and nutritional indices of tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F) raised on bell pepper plants grown under elevated CO2 and temperature conditions
Authors: MEENA KUMARI  , S.C. VERMA
Published: October 2021

The experiment was conducted at experimental farm situated at 30◦5’N latitude and about 77◦11’E longitudes, an elevation of 1260 m above mean sea level of Department of Environmental Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh during 2014 and 2015, to study the effect of elevated CO2 (eCO2) and elevated temperature (eT) on growth, development and nutritional indices of Spodopteralitura on bell pepper plant. Feeding trials with foliage feeding insect S. litura was conducted  using foliage of bell pepper plants grown under four concentrations of CO2 and temperature, viz. three Open Top Chambers, (T1: OTC eCO2 550±10 ppm; T2: OTC with elevated temperature 1°C higher and eCO2 550±10 ppm; T3: OTC with ambient temperature and CO2 and T4: natural ambient air and temperature in open. Biochemical analysis of foliage revealed that plants grown under elevated CO2 had lower nitrogen. The larvae fed on eCO2 as well as eCO2 and temperature foliage exhibited greater consumption compared to the larvae fed on foliage under ambient CO2. Larval duration also increased by two days. The eCO2 and eCO2 and temperature foliage was more digestible with higher values of approximate digestibility. The relative consumption rate increased whereas the efficiency parameters, viz. efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), and relative growth rate (RGR) decreased in eCO2 and eCO2 and temperature. The consumption and weight gain of the larvae were negatively and significantly influenced by leaf nitrogen.
The Impact of Information Sharing and Quality Assurance on Customer Service at UAE Banking Sector
Authors: Al Ali Abdulsattar
Published: October 2021

In the present competitive market, information sharing and quality assurance are bothneeded for client support. This relationship was set up through a quantitative examinationstudy. The information was gathered utilizing the poll strategy, and the discoveries uncoveredthat, despite options, banks are continually enticed to bundle item contributions to draw inclients. This appeal stems exclusively from the arrangement of excellent administrations. Atlast, ideas are made for additional improvement to remain competitive in the monetary market.
The Impact of Process Quality and Quality Control on Organizational Competitiveness at 5-star hotels in Dubai
Authors: Alzoubi Ali
Published: October 2021

Hotel industry is seeing many challenges because of the market challenges due to perfect competition market. Among these challenges quality assurance and quality control has significant impact because these factors determine the competitiveness level of the organization. In this research study we explained the hotel industry in the light of process quality and quality control. Interview was arranged and data was collected for interpretation. Results stated that process quality and quality control has significant impact on attaining competitiveness in hotel industry. This study can contribute a lot not just in theoretical field but also in practical field where the hotels can evaluate their own performance and the lacking in their own strategies.
Disinventing Native Speakerism in English Language Teaching
Authors: Liu Junshuan
Published: October 2021

This article explores native speakerism, a chauvinistic ideology, in reference to relevant literature. It first exposes its ideological essence and adverse effects on English language teaching (ELT), and then moves to deconstruct the native speakerist practices concerning English language teachers, English language norm, cultural foundation of ELT curriculum, and teaching methodology, particularly the approaches of communicative language teaching (CLT) and task-based language teaching (TBLT). Through unearthing the culturist essence of native speakerism and the fallacies embedded in native speakerist ELT practices, this study is intended to contribute to eliminating native speakerism and building up more equitable and harmonious ELT profession.
Developing the Program to Strengthen Working Achievement Motivation Competencies of Welfare School’s Teachers
Authors: Weerason Suraphan , Tesaputa Kowat , Phuetsing Anong
Published: October 2021

This research aimed: 1) to investigate the components and indicators of working achievement motivation competencies of welfare school’s teachers; 2) to examine the needs to develop working achievement motivation competencies of welfare school’s teachers; and 3) to develop the program to strengthen working achievement motivation competencies of welfare school’s teachers. The mixed methods research was employed by divided into three phases. Phase one, investigated the components and indicators of the working achievement motivation competencies. Components and indicators were verified by 7 experts. Phase two, examined the needs to develop working achievement motivation competencies of welfare school’s teachers. The respondents were 340 welfare school’s teachers. Phase three, to develop the program to strengthen working achievement motivation competencies of welfare school’s teachers and verified the program by 9 experts. The research instruments were the components and indicators evaluation form, the existing and desirable situations questionnaire of working achievement motivation competencies, and the program evaluation form. Statistics used in analyzing data were mean, standard deviation and priority needs index modification. The research findings were: 1) The components and indicators of working achievement motivation competencies of welfare school’s teachers were categorized into 6 components and 32 indicators; 2) The needs to develop working achievement motivation competencies of welfare school’s teachers were ranked from high to low: creativity, performance commitment, performance evaluation, flexibility, the quest for information, and development of operational competence; and 3) The program to strengthen working achievement motivation competencies of welfare school’s teachers consisted of rationale, objectives, content, model and methods, 6 modules of program structure, and application and evaluation.
Energy and Aesthetic Upgrading Interventions: Assessing Urban Block Renovation Scenarios
Authors: Tsirigoti Dimitra , Zenginis Dimitrios , Bikas Dimitrios
Published: October 2021

The target towards carbon neutral cities emerges as a new way to mitigate the environmental pollution and the indisputable climate change, but it can also be the chance for the overall improvement of the quality of life by promoting the upgrading of the often low aesthetic quality of the urban environments.
The objective of the research is to investigate renovation strategies at the city scale that will not only reduce the energy demand, but they will also promote the improvement of the city’s aesthetics. Two different typologies of urban block forms of the Greek city are examined, and four scenarios of renovation interventions are analysed according to energy and aesthetic criteria.
The heating and cooling load demand is calculated through simulations for the four renovation scenarios which include:

The improvement of the thermal insulation of the building’s shells.
The use of phase change materials.
The construction of green roofs.
The integration of passive solar and shading systems.

The findings of the research prove that the energy interventions at the urban block scale can define the degree of efficiency in the energy performance level without compromising aesthetics, as the added value resulting from higher aesthetics is a basic criterion for the overall improvement of the quality of life.
Investigation of the Effects of Applying Social Sustainability Components on Residential Satisfaction
Authors: Azizibabani Mohammadhossein , Bemanian Mohammadreza , Yeganeh Mansour
Published: October 2021

Today, decades after the emergence of the concept of sustainable development, the long-term positive effects of achieving sustainable development goals in all environmental, economic, and social dimensions on the quality of human life are undeniable. The purpose of this research is to explain the mechanism of effects of applying the social sustainability components on the level of residential satisfaction in the scale of residential complexes. The research uses a mixed (quantitative and qualitative) methodology in terms of the nature of the data and the research method is descriptive-analytical (causal and comparative). The conceptual model of the research, which includes the relationships between the variables of perceived quality of social sustainability components, residential desires associated with these components, perceived quality of housing architecture, and residential satisfaction, has been proposed based on the study of theoretical foundations through logical reasoning method. This model has been tested through obtained data from a questionnaire in a field study conducted in the Baghe Behesht residential complex in the Saadatabad neighborhood of Tehran. According to the results, the application of the components of social sustainability has a significant effect on residential satisfaction by improving the quality of housing architecture, and in conditions of qualitative deficiency in social sustainability components, residential desires associated with these components will reduce the perceived quality and the level of residential satisfaction.
Juristische Wahrheit
Authors: Maxin Falko
Published: October 2021

The mechanics of the "legal theory of evidence", which dominated German procedural law until the second half of the 19th century, was intended to render the truth of a circumstance to be proven calculable by means of legal rigour and arithmetic consistency. How can we explain in retrospect its seemingly abrupt replacement by the judge´s "free consideration of evidence" according to his subjective conviction as we know it today? Does this indicate something fundamental having changed in the nature and significance of the judge's knowledge of facts? Did a post-Kantian understanding of truth together with an altered conception of social knowledge play a role in this important process in the history of justice? By using the example of civil and criminal jurisdiction, this study examines these questions in its search for "legal truth" - and in doing so outlines a history of the theory of evidence in the 19th century.
"recht erzählen"
Authors: Stolleis Michael
Published: October 2021

Anyone engaged in "narrating the law" moves in the border area between scientific work and fictional narration. It is a balancing act not to falsify the expression of historical actors handed down in sources and to convey them as legal history(s) to one's own contemporaries. In this volume, Michael Stolleis chooses the path of vivid individual cases that combine to form a Palatine panorama. The arc of the regional studies set on the Rhine and Neckar stretches from early modern times to the 19th century. We encounter Palatine wedding couples, Frankfurt lawyers, silk farmers, the fates of migrants and the way the authorities dealt with beggars in the Electoral Palatinate. The tense relationship between Bavaria and the Palatinate came to a head in the Palatinate-Baden uprising (1849). The fact that a Neustadt ropemaker named Georg Stolleis appears among the revolters is only one surprising detail of these rich narratives of the law.
Mondbeglänzte Zaubernächte
Authors: Heger Christian
Published: October 2021

Er ist der große Märchenerzähler von Hollywood: Seit dreißig Jahren dreht Tim Burton, der Mann mit der zerzausten Lockenfrisur, den schwarzen Künstler-Outfits und der blauen Sonnenbrille, Filme, die zum Träumen einladen. In seinem schillernden Kino-Kosmos, der sich zwischen gruselig flackernden Halloween-Kürbissen und den verschneiten Lichterketten der Vorweihnachtszeit entfaltet, wandeln die absonderlichsten Geschöpfe umher: eine schüchterne Kreatur mit Scherenhänden, ein Fledermaus-Mann und eine Katzenfrau, Marsmenschen, Untote und ein bizarrer Chocolatier. Fast allesamt sind sie kreative Sonderlinge – Freaks, für die ihre Andersartigkeit Fluch und Segen zugleich bedeutet. Ihr auffälliges Schwanken zwischen selbstgewählter Abgrenzung und dem Verlangen nach Wärme, Zuneigung und Liebe kommt nicht von ungefähr. Tim Burton weiß, wovon er spricht: Sein Werk ist durchzogen von verschlüsselten autobiographischen Erfahrungen. Aufgewachsen in einem sterilen Spießeridyll vor den Toren Hollywoods, floh er vor dem allgegenwärtigen Konformitätsdruck schon früh in ein phantastisches Paralleluniversum. Als Kind malte der spätere Blockbuster-Regisseur Monstergeschöpfe, schaute sich im Fernsehen stundenlang Gruselfilme an und sponn sich absonderliche Geschichten über den örtlichen Friedhofsgärtner zusammen. Nach dem Schulabschluss heuerte er bei der Walt Disney Company als Trickzeichner an, verfiel dort über dem Zeichnen niedlicher Tiergeschöpfe in Depressionen und ergatterte schließlich nur mit viel Glück und Beharrlichkeit den langersehnten Platz auf dem Regiestuhl. Die abschätzigen Unkenrufe, die seine eigenwilligen Filme zu Beginn noch als «weird» (verrückt) bezeichneten, sind inzwischen längst verstummt. Spätestens seit dem kommerziellen Erfolg seiner phantastischen Charakterstudien BATMAN (1989) und EDWARD MIT DEN SCHERENHÄNDEN (1990) gilt Tim Burton als einer der wenigen wahren Künstler in Hollywood, als Filmemacher, der den ständigen Drahtseilakt zwischen Massen-Appeal und persönlichem Stilwillen virtuos zu meistern versteht: Sein Werk verdichtet sich zu poetischen Blockbustern mit unverwechselbarem Charme, mythischem Zauberkino, das der Realität den Spiegel vorhält – melancholisch, komisch und von atemberaubender Schönheit.

Das Buch richtet nicht nur an Film-, Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaftler, sondern vor allem an die große Burton-Fangemeinde.
Innerstaatliche Umsetzung und demokratische Legitimation von ICSID-Investitionsschiedssprüchen
Authors: Blotenberg Christoph
Published: October 2021

The paper is the first to analyze the democratic legitimation of investment arbitration tribunals, which is often discussed in public but not yet fully researched. Initially, the content of the FET clauses is conclusively examined on the basis of the decisions of the arbitral tribunals. This is followed by an examination of how Germany could be bound by an investment arbitration award and what constitutional consequences follow from this. After considering the relevance under constitutional law and the implications for the Right to Regulate, it is determined what degree of democratic legitimacy the arbitral tribunals have and whether this satisfies the principle of democracy.
Isolation and Expansion of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells, Functional Assays and Long-Term Culture Associated Alterations of Cellular Properties
Authors: Li Chenghai
Published: October 2021

Mesenchymal stem cell/stromal cells (MSCs) can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes. MSCs are present in the multiple types of adult tissue, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, and various neonatal birth-associated tissues. Given their self-renewal and differentiation potential, immunomodulatory and paracrine properties, and lacking major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, MSCs have attracted much attention for stem cell-based translational medicine research. Due to a very low frequency in different types of tissue, MSCs can be isolated and expanded in vitro to derive sufficient cell numbers prior to the clinical applications. In this chapter, the methodology to obtain primary bone marrow-derived MSCs as well as their in vitro culture expansion will be described. To assess the functional properties, differentiation assays, including osteogenesis, chondrogenesis and adipogenesis, 3-D culture of MSCs and co-culture of MSCs and tumor cells are also provided. Finally, the long-term culture associated alterations of MSCs, such as replicative senescence and spontaneous transformation, will be discussed for better understanding of the use of MSCs at the early stages for safe and effective cell-based therapy.
Abel and Euler Summation Formulas forSBV(ℝ) Functions
Authors: Venturini Sergio
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this paper is to show that the natural setting for various Abel and Euler-Maclaurin summation formulas is the class of special function of bounded variation. A function of one real variable is of bounded variation if its distributional derivative is a Radom measure. Such a function decomposes uniquely as sum of three components: the first one is a convergent series of piece-wise constant function, the second one is an absolutely continuous function and the last one is the so-called singular part, that is a continuous function whose derivative vanishes almost everywhere. A function of bounded variation is special if its singular part vanishes identically. We generalize such space of special function of bounded variation to include higher order derivatives and prove that the functions of such spaces admit a Euler-Maclaurin summation formula. Such a result is obtained by deriving in this setting various integration by part formulas which generalizes various classical Abel summation formulas.
Sparse Boosting Based Machine Learning Methods for High-Dimensional Data
Authors: Yue Mu
Published: October 2021

In high-dimensional data, penalized regression is often used for variable selection and parameter estimation. However, these methods typically require time-consuming cross-validation methods to select tuning parameters and retain more false positives under high dimensionality. This chapter discusses sparse boosting based machine learning methods in the following high-dimensional problems. First, a sparse boosting method to select important biomarkers is studied for the right censored survival data with high-dimensional biomarkers. Then, a two-step sparse boosting method to carry out the variable selection and the model-based prediction is studied for the high-dimensional longitudinal observations measured repeatedly over time. Finally, a multi-step sparse boosting method to identify patient subgroups that exhibit different treatment effects is studied for the high-dimensional dense longitudinal observations. This chapter intends to solve the problem of how to improve the accuracy and calculation speed of variable selection and parameter estimation in high-dimensional data. It aims to expand the application scope of sparse boosting and develop new methods of high-dimensional survival analysis, longitudinal data analysis, and subgroup analysis, which has great application prospects.
Analytical Model for Seal Contact Pressure
Authors: Zahid Qamar Sayyad , Akhtar Maaz , Pervez Tasneem
Published: October 2021

Swellable elastomers are used for zonal isolation and as an alternate to cementing is a new approach, resulting in significant reduction in time, cost, and weight. Very large strains, flexibility, resilience, and durability are their special features. Performance analysis is important design improvement and appropriate selection of swell packers. Experimental evaluation of swelling-elastomer seal performance can be very costly, and is not even possible in many cases. Numerical simulations (Chapters 8 and 9) can be more convenient, but computational effort and cost can be high. Development of closed-form (analytical) solutions is presented in this chapter to estimate the variation of contact pressure along the length of the elastomer seal. Major relevant parameters are properties of the material elastomer, seal configuration and size, magnitude of seal compression, and differential pressure across the seal. Numerical (finite element) modeling and simulation is also performed. There was good conformity between analytical and simulation results, validating the soundness of the analytical solution, and providing assurance that it can reliably predict the sealing response of the elastomer. A comprehensive parametric study is then conducted to assess seal performance while varying different key factors. Properties of the elastomer material (as it swells with exposure time) are required to run the analytical and the FE models. A large set of experiments were therefore designed and conducted to evaluate mechanical properties (E, G, K, and v) of the elastomer with gradual swelling (Chapters 3 and 7).
Bariatric Surgery—from the Non-surgical Approach to the Post-Surgery Individual Care: Role of Endoscopy in Bariatric Therapy
Authors: Wichmann Dörte , Stüker Dietmar , Schweizer Ulrich , Königsrainer Alfred , Archid Rami
Published: October 2021

Obesity is the underlying constant for the development of the most common modern diseases such as insulin resistance, high blood pressure, lipid metabolism disorders, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (fatty liver), joint problems and various malignancies. The role of endoscopic diagnostic and therapy in obese patients is highlighted in this chapter. In this chapter all devices and methods used in flexible endoscopy for diagnostic and treatment in obese patients are introduced. Role of endoscopy is presented in three parts: in preoperative setting, in post-operative complication management and instead of surgery as endoscopic bariatric therapy. If possible presentation of the effectiveness is compiled with study data. Finally, the interaction between endoscopy and surgery in the treatment of obesity is complex, essential and promising. Endoscopy is indispensable in preoperative preparation, as a primary therapeutic approach, and also in the detection and treatment of acute complications and long-term complications of obesity surgery.
Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: López De Lucio Saraí , Antonio López Hernández Marco
Published: October 2021

All over the world ischemic heart disease remains as the leading cause of death, followed by stroke. Ischemic heart disease, also called coronary artery disease has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations from the acute coronary syndromes which include, unstable angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction with and without elevation of the ST segment and chronic coronary disease. In patients with diabetes mellitus the cardiovascular complications mainly ischemic heart disease, are the main cause of morbidity and mortality. However, in population-based studies, the risk of heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus is significantly increased following adjustment for well-established heart failure risk factors such as hypertension or ischemic heart disease. Ischemic heart failure angiographically diagnosed is associated with a shorter survival than non-ischemic heart failure. Coronary artery disease is independently associated with higher mortality.
How Factoring Ethics Encourages and Stimulates Innovative Development of IT Systems Responsive to Stakeholder Needs and Requirements
Authors: Murahwi Zvikomborero
Published: October 2021

Human beings have become increasingly dependent on IT in running their daily lives and doing business. The development and the increase in use of Autonomous Intelligent Systems in the last few years is making it increasingly impossible to ignore ethics in engineering and building IT Systems as more factors other than the traditional ones like financials come into play. As the use of technology continues to grow among people of all ages, there is also a growing awareness of the potential social harms such systems can have on human well being. Where there is such an awareness (of potential harms the systems may have on humans), there is a likelihood of resistance in adoption and use of the technology resulting in the loss of the benefits such systems are supposed to bring with them. Where potential harms have been ignored and people went ahead and adopted and used the technology, but eventually experienced cases of social harm, possible abandonment of the technology becomes a reality - a situation which also results in the loss of all the gains the technology could have potentially brought. Some good examples are societies which continue to keep under-aged children away from technology as a way of safeguarding them from the harms caused by technology. Situations like this have set limits to the effectiveness and reach of technology driven services such as autonomous eHealth systems and even educational programmes.There has also been a view mainly among technology creators that Ethics considerations are slowing down or getting into the way of innovation. In the proposed chapter, and driven by the theme “Ethics Considerations to drive innovative thinking in building systems which are responsive to the needs of the user and promote adoption, and safe use of IT” the writer argues for a unified front in the development of IT systems in an ethical manner - That is, it is time users and creators of technology start working together to build systems for the future. And with well-being among the UN Development Goals, and technology taking centre stage in many aspects of development and growth, Ethics in technology cannot be ignored.
A Dynamic Graph-Based Systems Framework for Modeling, and Control of Cyber-Physical Systems Typified by Buildings
Authors: M. Lashhab Fadel
Published: October 2021

In this chapter, we present a framework for modeling certain classes of cyber-physical systems using graph-theoretic thinking. The cyber-physical systems we consider are typified by buildings. We show that the thermal processes associated with a building can be represented as a graph in which (1) the node variables (temperature and heat flows) are governed by a dynamic system and (2) interconnections between these nodes (walls, doors, windows) are also described by a dynamic system. In general, we call a collection of such nodes and interconnections a dynamic graph (dynamic consensus network).Driven to explore this by developing thermal examples, this study outlines a practical framework for dynamic consensus networks and dynamic graphs. In a manner that seamlessly extends these concepts from the static cases, we will explore the combination of dynamic degrees, adjacency, Laplacian matrices, and incident matrices. With these conceptual tools, one can quickly identify equivalent concepts of dynamic consensus networks.
Dehumanization Clarified
Authors: Wackerhausen Anne-Cathrine ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: October 2021

In this article, three new concepts of dehumanization are proposed in order to distinguish clearly between three different kinds of phenomena that are frequently conflated and misrepresented in current research: subjective dehumanization, detrimental conditions, and objective dehumanization. The article offers (i) a more fine-grained understanding of these three kinds of dehumanization phenomena, which in turn (ii) illuminates new strategies for conflict prevention. This is achieved through a process of conceptual engineering, where the boundaries of our concepts are redrawn, so they are better suited for the dealing with the phenomena in question.
Inventaire des lichens corticoles dans trois sites parisiens et dans l’arboretum de Chèvreloup (Yvelines)
Authors: LEBRETON Élise , RIVART Simon , LEBLOND Sébastien , MEYER Caroline
Published: October 2021

Cet article présente le résultat des inventaires des lichens corticoles réalisés dans le cadre du programme LiPaChE (évolution spatio-temporelle de la diversité Lichénique Parisienne en lien avec les Changements Environnementaux). Des arbres d’alignement, appartenant à huit essences d’arbres communes des parcs, ont été examinés dans trois sites parisiens (jardin des Plantes, jardin du Luxembourg et bords de Seine) et à l’arboretum de Chèvreloup dans les Yvelines. La diversité lichénique a été observée sur les troncs avec deux protocoles : IAP (Index of Atmospheric Purity) et AFNOR (Association française de Normalisation). Les résultats de cette étude concernent 61 espèces de lichens (43 espèces à Paris et 43 espèces à Chèvreloup), dont cinq constituent des premières mentions départementales. La présence de lichens saxicoles, à la base de certains troncs, ainsi que l’effet des paramètres environnementaux sur le cortège d’espèces retrouvées, sont discutés.
“My box of memories”: An Australian Country Girl Goes to London
Authors: Willis Ian
Published: October 2021

In 1954 a young country woman from New South Wales, Shirley Dunk, ex- ercised her agency and travelled to London. This was a journey to the home of her fore- fathers and copied the activities of other country women who made similar journeys. Some of the earliest of these journeys were undertaken by the wives and daughters of the 19th-century rural gentry. This research project will use a qualitative approach in an examination of Shirley’s journey archive complemented with supplementary interviews and stories of other travellers. Shirley nostalgically recalled the sense of adventure that she experienced as she left Sydney for London by ship and travelled through the United Kingdom and Europe. The article will address questions posed by the journey for Shirley and her travelling companion, Beth, and how they dealt with these forces as tourists and travellers. Shirley’s letters home were reported in the country press and reminiscent of soldier’s wartime letters home that described their tales as tourists in foreign lands. The narrative will show that Shirley, as an Australian country girl, was exposed to the cosmo- politan nature of the metropole, as were other women. The paper will explore how Shirley was subject to the forces of modernity and consumerism at a time when rural women were often limited to domesticity.
Counterspaces of Resistance: Peter Carey’s Bliss
Authors: Klonowska Barbara
Published: October 2021

The article discusses how Peter Carey’s 1980 novel Bliss constructs and exam- ines various counterspaces both in and beyond the text. First, it shows how the plot jux- taposes the consumerist middle-class suburban model of life with an alternative lifestyle, presenting the attractions and limitations of both, yet preferring rather the latter. Secondly, at the level of literary convention, the text activates the strategies of comic social realism only to juxtapose them with elements of fantasy, fairy tale and myth, thus undermining the representational powers of the former and hinting at other possibilities of representation. Finally, the film adaptation of the novel shows how even rebellious or critical texts may become ‘domesticated’ or absorbed by the dominating logic of cultural production, thus once again demonstrating the ambivalent position of works of art in general, and this nov- el in particular. The article argues that the ambivalence engrained in the text is an intrinsic feature, not only of Australian culture or heterotopias but of most cultural products and practices inevitably entangled in the double logic of conforming and resistance.
Optimization of the Degradation Power of Aspergillus flavus DFSP.J1 and Aspergillus niger DFSP. J4 in Degrading Sago Bioplastics
Authors: Gunaedi Tri , Mawardi Arsyam , Rumbrawer Fawuni G. A. G.
Published: October 2021

Bioplastics made from sago flour have the potential to be developed into plastic-based industrial materials that are environmentally friendly and easily degraded by microorganisms. A. flavus DSFP.J1 and A. niger DFSP.J4 are microorganisms from a type of fungus that are proven to be able to degrade sago bioplastics, but have not yet obtained optimal degradation power. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain optimal conditions of the two isolates of fungi in degrading bioplastics made from sago flour at variable inoculum concentrations of 10, 20, 30,40, 50% v/w. The manufacture of sago bioplastics is done by adding acetic acid as a catalyst and added glycerol to form plastic properties in 15% sago flour, after being formed and cut to a size of 1 cm2. Observations to determine the degradation power were carried out after an incubation period of seven days to the next five weeks. The results obtained showed that the optimal conditions of A. flavus DFSP.J1 and in degrading sago bioplastics at 40% inoculum concentration with a degradation power of 56.52% in the fifth week of observation and tended to increase the degradation power on the following day, as well as A. niger DFSP.J4 optimally degrades at 30% inoculum concentration with a degradation power of 55.90% in the fifth week of observation.  The results of the research, it can be concluded. Both the fungus A. flavus DFSP. J1 and A. niger  DFSP.J4 showed that potentialy to be developed for further research to increase its degradation power higher and faster.
Delineation of Efficient Paddy Cropping Zones in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Kumar Katha Reddy Baswanth , Reddy M. Anji , Gowtham Ramasamy , Geethalakshmi Vellingiri
Published: October 2021

The research delineated efficient paddy crop zones in Andhra Pradesh. The area, yield and production of paddy were gathered from the Andhra Pradesh Department of Economics and Statistics to compute the Relative Spread Index (RSI) and Relative Yield Index (RYI). The definition of an efficient cultivation zone for paddy shows that in all nine districts of Andhra Pradesh there are numerous possibilities to increase overall paddy production. The primary source of irrigation is groundwater, comprising tubes and wells that cover 49 percent of net irrigation. The grade is of four types: Most Efficient Cropping Zone (MECZ) and Area Efficient Cropping Zone (AECZ) and Yield Efficient Cropping Zone(YECZ) and Not Efficient Cropping Zone (NECZ). It was noted that the West Godavari, East Godavari, Krishna, Guntur and Nellore are five districts inside Paddy's Most efficient cropping zone. Srikakulam and Vizianagaram are two districts within the Area efficient cropping zone. The Kurnool and Prakasam are two districts in which Yields efficient cropping zone. Visakhapatnam, Chittoor, Kadapa and Anantapur are four districts belong to the Not-efficient cropping zone. It is concluded that there was a lot of possibilities of increasing the overall production of paddy in all nine districts of Andhra Pradesh by delineating the efficient cropping zone for paddy. In the case of AECZ there is a need for popularisation of high-yielding cultivars, for better management technologies like the Rice Intensification System (RIS) and for integrated nutrient handling to increase yield levels and convert this zone into MECZ. In the case of YECZ, these sites offer promise for rice growing, although a decrease in water availability may be attributed to the less extensive area.
Determining the Twin Deficits Phenomenon in Kenya
Authors: Mugo Patrick Mugendi , Masai Wafula , Osoro Kennedy
Published: October 2021

Aims: This study examines whether the long-run relationship between fiscal and current deficits follows the tenets of twin-deficits, the Ricardian equivalence, the current account targeting, or the feedback linkages. It further reviews the effects of fiscal and current account deficits on economic growth. These have in recent years been debated both in developed and developing countries.  In contributing to this ongoing debate, the authors applied unit root tests, cointegration analysis, a dynamic vector error correction model and Toda-Yamamoto Granger-causality representation using annual time series data from 1980 to 2016.

Study Design: The study employs quantitative time-series research design by utilizing Stata econometrics software.

Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Kenya, from 1980 to 2016.

Methodology: The study employs unit root tests, Johansen (1995) co-integration analysis, a dynamic vector error correction model and a multivariate Toda-Yamamoto (1995) Granger-causality representation.

Results: The paper provides evidence of unidirectional causality running from fiscal deficit to current account deficit in support of the twin-deficits phenomenon for Kenya. There is evidence that in the long-run fiscal deficits has significant negative effects while current account deficits had significant positive effects, on economic growth in Kenya. 

Conclusion: Overall, the study concludes that the twin-deficits phenomenon fits for Kenya. The findings imply that the authorities need to pay more attention and promote policies that improve investment efficiency arising from these deficits. Importantly, some of the key policy implications include promotion of policies that upscale fiscal discipline and reduce the size of fiscal deficits for external stability and long-term economic growth, in Kenya.
Assessment of the Risk Status of Antenatal Mothers Attending Selected Hospital at Mangaluru
Authors: Sebastian Rosily , Kumary T. Vinaya
Published: October 2021

Background: All pregnancies are at risk even though most of the pregnancies and childbirth worldwide are uneventful. Almost 15% of all the pregnant women can develop potentially life-threatening complications which might require skilled care with some requiring major intervention for survival. Complications can occur anytime during the course of the pregnancy and childbirth, which in turn can affect the health and the overall survival of mother and the fetus. Hence there is a need to identify those high risk pregnancy groups for whom a greater degree of care is required. This study aimed to identify the risk status among antenatal mothers thus enhancing the mother to have a clear understanding about health. 

Methods: A quantitative research approach with descriptive survey design was used to assess the risk status of pregnancy among antenatal mothers. The study was conducted among 100 antenatal mothers in a selected hospital, Mangaluru.

Results: The present study revealed that maximum number of antenatal mothers (33.7%) were in the age group of 25-30 years and 31-36 years.41.6% antenatal mothers had high school education,24.8% had PUC education.41.6% of antenatal mothers were from nuclear family and 40.6% belongs to second trimester. The maximum number of antenatal mothers (39.6%) belongs to second gravida.75.2% of antenatal mothers belongs to above poverty line. Analysis of the association between risk statuses of pregnancy with selected demographic variables reveals that there is significant association between risk status of pregnancy with age in years and gravida status of antenatal mothers at 0.05 level of significance. In this study 55% of antenatal mothers belong to high risk pregnancy status and remaining 45% were at low risk status.

Conclusion: The study reflects that most of the pregnant women are in high risk status of pregnancy. The overall findings of the study clearly showed that there is significant level of risk status of pregnancy among antenatal mothers.
Prevalence of Nutritional Anemia and Its Causes among Adolescent Girls
Authors: Dhobe Sonal , Singh Seema
Published: October 2021

Background: Nutritional anemia is a disorder that cause due to a lack of one or more vital nutrients, such as iron, protein, vitamin B12, and other vitamins and minerals. In this condition hemoglobin content in the blood is lower than usual. Nutritional anemia has been described as correlated with reduced childhood emotional, physical, and cognitive function and is a major risk factor for maternal mortality.

Objective: 1. To assess the prevalence of nutritional anemia among adolescent girls. 2. To assess the causes of nutritional anemia among adolescent girls. 3. To associate the demographic variable with prevalence and causes of nutritional anemia among adolescent girls.

Methodology: This is a cross sectional observational study will be conducted among the adolescent girls where age is between 10-14 years, the sample size can be calculated statistically by using the prevalence of previous studies which done in India and the sample size is 220 adolescent girls selected in a particular rural community area of Wardha district. Non-probability convenience sampling will be using for sample collection. The standard haemoglobinometer (Accusure HB meter) for analyzing the haemoglobin according to WHO criteria and structure questionnaire scale is made upon the causes behind the nutritional anemia. According to some previous studies, the prevalence rate has been shown high in the adolescent age group so this study help to find the prevalence rate in a particular community and the causes of nutritional anemia among adolescent girls.

Expected Results: In this study the researcher evaluate the prevalence and its causes of nutritional anemia among adolescent girls, this study will show the rate of prevalence in the particular community area and also the causes of nutritional anemia among adolescent girls.

Conclusion: The conclusion will be drawn from the results.
Case Report on ANC Mother Two Month with Severe Anemia
Authors: Warghane Roshani Shankarrao , Gomase Kavita , Mahakarkar Manjusha
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Human body creates extra blood throughout pregnancy to support human baby's growth. If you don't get enough iron or certain other nutrients, human body may be unable to manufacture the necessary number of red blood cells to produce this extra blood. When you're pregnant, it's typical to experience mild anemia [1].

Case Presentation: A case of a 26-year-old female admitted in the ANC ward  on date 24 November 2020 with complaints  of burning micturation, pain in abdomen, weakness, fever, breathlessness, in acharya vinoba bhave rural hospital. She had low hemoglobin level which was 5.9 gm/dl and she looks very lethargic.

Intervention: The care is providing in ANC ward blood transfusion was done. The goals during this phase are improving the hemoglobin level, maintaining the body temperature, minimize the abdominal pain, saving a life, maintaining and protecting the airway, and preventing or correcting the complication.

Outcomes: Over the short course of treatment, the patient significantly improved her hemoglobin level after blood transfusion, improved breathing pattern, reduced abdominal pain and maintained normal temperature. Make even more progress toward her aim of returning home.

Discussion: Although the patient reacted well to treatment, further interventions could be used in the future to help the patient achieve even better results [2].